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ݼ
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ȴΪħòΪһįĹܼҡ
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һ 콵ħܼ


1 ¼
ħ̨һλϢϡ
ƿУ²Уâͬʱءһ˫죬â˲ۼһͬʱȥ˫֮УҲһӰ
ʱ䣬󣬷˻ǧںС
Ʈݵĳӭ¶һаӡ
âڣ̫ĹԽԽԽӵȴԽԽǿʢʼðɫ塣
Ŵ̹ǵĺջŨŨĺѾֽȥӳһ¶аЦݡ
¡
ͻȻһ췢ħɽ嶸ȻըħҲͣڲȡ¾͵˫ĿԶȥ
ʱƿ죬ߵת˲ǰâɢȥ¶߸ɢǿƵӰ
üͷһӿǰˣص߸һ򿴲ħôħʲô
ߣħ׿һ˵Ŀѵ᲻һλ߸˸룬һؿ
²һ׿һС̽ͷ˼Ҳס
ߣװͿʶľͽ¼һλ̤ǰһָʹشȵ
ԣ׿һɴʧɫ
һǰҵ˵оħ۵Ķһڵõ˼ѧľ¼˶ݵʱ䣬߸εõϢģ
뵽ƺȻ뵽ʲôɫ
Գϣҳ׿һȵ
£һЦأȻڿնɽּ𡣽ţһλŰµӢ߳׿һ΢΢һЦǺǺǡʦ𣿡
ضαӣ׿һҵõ¼£й¶ǵģ
ǣԳϵͷ΢Ц
ҲµĻɽҲ⿪ģ
ǣԳٴεͷ
ΪʲôӶ㲻ɡ׿һ˫ȭ߬еɱҲԽԽʢ
Ȼħߣƽʱɱ֮ˣֻԶΪˡͱЩ֮߳ˡǶԳϣǹ¶׿һʲΪͽû뵽ȴ
ܵ׿һϵɱԽԽŨңԳȻƽǽȴǲԾŲߡ
ʦҶɽԳȻסðŰ˻ʵλӣԶӰ֮£õõ¼󣬶һ㣬һ۶ҿ
ԣ׿һһʹ
Գ֪׿һΪóȻ¼߻ħԲҪ͸Ժٴڸ
û뵽̶һ£ȴǱ¶Ұġ
ã˵ĺáԳϣӵĺͽܰ
׿һЦеķŭ˼㣺ȻˣΪʦ㳢¼ζɡ
׿һڴˣֲ˷ǰԳǰȵ
ߣӿʥϵİ˻֮ס߻һϣҲ
䣬׿һһԳϴȥ
ɲǼ䣬أȻһֻɫצһצץ¡
ͫ΢΢һԳȻŵɫҰܣˡ
߶ǺɫצǿѹȻʱ䣬һɫֱʣ˲佫Ǻצնޡ
ߣ¼ˡӭפ͸Ųм֮ɫ
龰׿һаһЦ˫ͷ̫Դˡ
䣡
һױڰ㣬ƿ֮أȻǧֻɫӡѹ˹ÿһֻӡСǰֻצϣƸ˵¶˾֮ɫ
ôܣѵѾͻƵʥ𣿡ʿնǺӡڸ̲סһ
˼ˣҲȫε
ʥ׸֣߻־ͿɶԸĴڡ
ԳңѺڵҪ˭뵽ֻ˾¼һ¶׿һȻѾǿ̶ֳȡ
ߣͽ³׿һžʧԳϣЦ
ৣ
ͻȻһ׹ƿ֮£ӡ˲׿һǰûӦô£Ǳâᴩ塣
ۣ
һɺѪеǧӡʱΪʧ׿һ̧԰׵ϿգֻվһˣʥĹԡ
ʥߣ׿һʵҧҧ૵Ѿµ˵ͼ
ħ׿һʥߴʥջħֻҪ㽻ʥһ·ˣȴ·һ׿һо¼Ļһ۶ÿ
ʥǿʥߣʽ׸ǿߣҲһ㡣
ҵЦЦ׿һӻͳһ鷺ϼ
һ˵жųĹʣʥҲ⡣
ĵɨڳˣ׿һЦʲôʿʲôʥߣǼļаСˣӾǻ¼Ҳκ˵õ
һ䣬׿һȻһɿֲϢ
ˣҪԱ
ͫһȥҲǼæϡֻʥߣɢֺͷŭ⣬׿һķֱȥס֡
¶˵Цݣ׿һʥǰʱ͵һ˷顣ʥҧгݵӣ׿һȴ˺Ц
䣡
ŴЦ׿һըˡǿҵĳħΪƽء
ɢȥֻʥһŭݵشӻҳ߳Ҳ˼Ӱˡ
ʥ߾ʥߣǿҵԱУȻܰȻʥǰһ̾
һʥ߲ȥתҪߡ
ʱԳϸæǰסʥħ׿һƶˡˣֻ֪֮¼ݣպȻҪҵȱ𡣡
ߣԱһԱģʲô᣿˷䣬ʥ˲ʧǰ
ĻҲǷ
ʥڳʽ׸ҪԱѣģֻǿϧϹħ۴µľ¼
ħķ棬ζӳ£ңʹϧȴź


2 ħ
ҹī㰵±ڣ¶˿ʡ
žɭжʬ壬һƬսĲеȳѪζҰ޳Ⱥӵǰʳ

ȻȺľ׽صʬзһ
˶Ķ䣬ȺԼͬԴȥ
飡
һ췢ʬ屻ƵԣһӰʬѪۡȺһæһʱ¶ѪĿ⣬ǰƽ
Ȼȴ·ȫûߵΣƵģֻǴ
ǡڵң˫ֿ˿з·һ֮ɫ

ͻȻһ޺һֻҰ͵ȥ
ȻŤͷ¶Ѫݣ˫Ŀеɱ⣬ֱҰ˫ͫ
ৣ
ǰ˵ҰأȻͣӣ˶ɪȥҰҲ΢΢һħ˫ͫʶȤ˿ˡ
ȻʮҰ޵ıȴǣ൱Σա
ٴ徲һ˫Ŀ
Ϊ׿ʮ꣬ǹɽׯҵһ͡ǵǰڷɽһɽȴѪϴɽׯͻǻүСһ·ҲɱƬɭ
ǣǰȴһִִƮħ׿һԹϣʹħʶɹ
ͨһ㣬׿˫ۣ¶аЦݡ
ǺǺǡʣԳϣǾ뵽¼оȻŲҪܶķǸҵţٻʥ򣬾촦֮ʱ
İɭУ׿ĴЦڿʳʬҰһݣ뿪ˡ
ȿȿȣ
ͻȻһ׿ЦȻֹ˫ĿӥԴȥ
ȡ
ﴫ׿æȥֻһҵĻʬײ㣬ǼմһƬ졣
ߣ׼£ʲôϵ
۾΢΢һУ׿ҡҡͷתȥǰ׿ضҪˡڵħ׿һﲻ϶ѡ
˭ûȥϵ
ȻûȴͻȻͣ·뵽ʲô㣬ϥ£
һ׿͵˫ۣǾϲ֮ɫ
СӶѾʮˣȻûŴ֮
Ƭ½ϣ󲿷˶Ҫֵصũ񣬶һΪʮ껹ȫûˣʵںټ
¼мص߹ħ󻯾ȡΪΪãɵأﵽؾе߾磬Ҫ֮ɡ
ңⲿǾħ޳ɵ۾֮ŲģԥǷԷΪʱȴ⵽۾ֵϽɱ
ħϹʮǿ֮һ˼۾ΪĹ治֪ҪǿֵزҲ׹Ҫǿ
׿һڴ˹һֺҲԷΪǻûô߻ʺԳϱȻš
ڣûĴ֮Чһǿ
뵽׿æǸǰԱߵЩʬȫƿʬ
۾Եˣǻ¶һмЦݣ׿ԭ㰡ллһȥһúñ㡣
ٺٺ١αصȻȥͿԱˡ΢΢һ̣׿¶һЦݡ
Цݣǻһ㶣ɵ˿˿⡣
ͬˣ׿Ҳǵһμ棬û׿¶յı顣һͷǣڿһֻһ
׿Ҫʲôؿ
ûлشĻ׿ֻһЦݵز쿴壬૵صʵǸ׻ĺòϡ
ħ󻯾ͬ𽥴Լ塣ħ󻯾ȴҪȡ˵ΪΪԼĵ׻
ǣһͨδһ϶ȡΪأȻҪˣܶ˲С
׿һʱ׹ԥǷԷΪʱʵҲڵܷĻᣬĻһӶҪͨˡǿǵòʧ˷۱ˣŵħҲĿǡ
û뵽ǣոնɹ͸һĺûᣬǿɵð
׿åŮԼ񣬻ҧҧȵ㡭㲻׿
ٺٺ١˵ˣ
һЦ׿¶֮ɫʥ˻֮ףħ׿һ


3 ħ󻯾
ۣ
׿ڻֵУһƻϣʼת
ʱ䣬ɫͬһֻֻŤС˻ڡֺһ壬ɫϴ䡣
ԭֵɫȾʹŤΪʧѪҰ׵ףʱҲ𽥱ڡûһ򣬻ѾȫΪһź̿ڵҹϸӰ
龰׿΢΢һ̣ͷųе˷֮ɫ
ħ󻯾ǰ˵ΪԼĹǱԪ׵ĶڣҲų⡣Ϊĵ׻ҪԴ
׿ȽԪħ󣬲ܳա
һ׿ƽ¼飬һЩɫʼӻϻڣǸɫҲʼѸٸɱ
ʱ׿ջƣϥڵأ˹µõԪ
˳Ƶ˵ϣһˤ촷ۡǧĹʬͻȻӵǧױڳ绯һȫһɳƮɢڿС
ħħ󻯾ܶ书ΪУ˵Ҳһʳ
ǿĺɫˮڰҴܣ׿æתĸϳˢŽıݣؿ
ֵȫһעû壬ּ˺ѵʹʹĶͷðϸܵĺ顣
ȻǿţΪ֪ǿඥκ˶޷ʵĵ׻ϣ°빦
ʱһһĹȥһʱʱ׿һֱҧͷϵĺˮٲһ¡
ֹʱ׿һֱҧزſʼɶЩɫתȦصĵУΪһ̲ɫĺˮشҲûǰĿ񱩡
˫Ŀ׿³һߵƲѾ΢΢İ׹⣬Щһҹ͵Ұǿʼɭȥ
ôǺǺǣ벻һߵĹȻҪһҹʱ䡣
׿ʧЦһҡҡͷʼԼʱ

һ죬һʯ׿һȭ£ʱΪ顣
׿صͷ屻ֵԪõ˼ĸơǿȶԣѾ˿ھ֮¡
ţֲ쿴Ϊ
ǲ֪һ֮£ԼҲ̲סһ
ΪֱӴ޴ﵽ㣬ڴ洢ĲԪֱӾǾԪ
üһħ󻯾Ȼ׿࣬һϲ
һԣҪ㣬ʥЩʹ˵ţҲҪһزСֻǹһҹȻﵽȡõĳɹ
Ҫ˶ãҾػʥˣٺٺ١׿Цһ
ȻػշʱһɱȴͻȻĶڡ
üͷһ壬׿ķСسȥȻѾĹ΢ĩлʹһЩ򵥵似ָûл֮
һ£ǽΪáϾѾǵǸ߳Ƶħˡ
ҰèһŲŲһݴԱߣ׿Ӳݣ⿴ȥڱ˴˶š
һʮˣҵĻмΧһʮ߰ŮһСк
һ˶һϮ£һͷӣŶʮǸͷ׿ŵ졣ϸ룬ǸͷҵĹܼңܼҡΧŵһһŮҵүƺСѡ
ߣѹɭҲᱻڷɽɽƣԭǳ˼ˡ
׿ЦһͽԳϣ˫ȭ˽
ǰ׽ĵӳ˾ȻҲ˶ⲻһ˿ͬĸо
Ǻܿ죬ҡҡͷ̾һתͷ뿪
ڵʵﲻκˡûʲôϵΪ
Ȼ߶ĽŲոȴǶȻһʹҲ


4 ħ
Ȼһ׿ؿڣʹ÷˵ϣ૵ô£ѵ߻ħˣ
뵽׿пʼֻħ󻯾һʼ߻ħ׻ȣǲǰô򵥡½Ҳ޷᳹׳Ϊһˡ
ǣǹʹƺֻһ˲ţϱʧˡ
׿վһüͷؿڣ˼⡣
ȻٴʱĿȴһʹ
ԣⲢ߻ħǡħ
һΣ׿뵽ԭϳ˼쿴ħԴ˵Ƿħܣ߻ħҲͲԶˡ
ֻϢ֮䣬׿Ѿ鵽ԭֻԭȴЩŤ
ԭڱħʶǰ׿һͣС㶼ܺãһЧҡǰеǸִûػҵź
ʱħʵԹִһħʶٴִҲ൱ħʶԼһΪħʵ
Ҳ˵ħҪػһȻħ
ģСӵִʲôãƫƫҪ˼ҵūš׿ᣬɬ
ħ׿һʥ˻֮ףܱһСۣ
ǣħֲܷβܡ
һ뵽׿θ˶ͷСԸ˱ѩҲð˹ȥɱˣƫƫһˡ
ʲôˣ
ͻȻһϵĴ׿ȻеһŨҵɱ
ҡҡͷ׿̾˿ȥ
ȻˣǾֻȥͽܼˡ
O@Ĳݴԣ׿̤ǰ
ܼҿЦ¶֮ɫߣҵ˭أԭСӡ
˵ܼ꣬ٴοѣȫû
С㣬ūȰǾ콫ƵĹΪˡ龰ҲԸɡ
ƨͷɽׯͽֻҪڣСүһëҵĻͳ찺ǰһȵ
ҲüŭӣϾǲ֮ɫܼңഫ似ǾҲύ㡣
ǵĻ׿²мһ
ȺɽϮΪʲôأԭΪһ似ѡ
½ϣй似Ϊ鷲ףÿֳַм͸߼ʥ似ֱضǣħһĴڣмǧֹ
Ϊֶʵǲֵá
׿һ̾ظߺС㣬һ似ѣʲô˵ģǰɣһһǡ
һһŶһ翴ӵ
׿СӺôĿһ似ƾʲôƾʮļū
ܼЦǳ֮ɫɽҲǸŴЦе֮˿Ρ
ڻԱǿ׿һɻЩƽ׿ϤѣǸе֡
Сƽʱʵİô˵˵ѵǱȺɽŷˣ
ţһǵģ
ǺлȫΪͬ顣
ȫ룬׿νʼ硣ʱ˿̣˵ֻ似Ϲħ۵ıѧ¼Ҳˡ
׿ٺ˵ˣϽտү
ͻȻһ߳׿ת׿ȥһŭݵؿԼǣ۵׿ȴܿһ˿ϧ֮ɫ


5 ū
΢΢һ̣׿Ѿ˼
λСҲΪˣֲ˫ƴбɱԲһԼ뻤ǵı֮С
ǻŸʲôϿﶪۡٴȵ
ȻδһɢѪǼ׿Ĳϡ
ţ
ܼһЦ˫ֱֱѵ۾·𿴴˼Ƶģٺٺ١С㻹һģ˵ļūҲȡ
üͷһ壬ŭȵܼңѵҲŹ
ǺǺǡǾ仰Ҫǲ޹˱ǣ͸ϽƽĻЩ˿ɲ⵶϶մһ˵Ѫ
䣬õס׿Ǹɽ㽫â׿ϻ˻ѪļЦ
촽гһ˿ɣǺܿȴʹر۾
龰׿Ѿȫľ
ȻС㲢似ΪһӣΪһūһʱԥѾĸοˡ
ͱҪԼ
׿һǸõɽͷ֣ͷ࣬ʵ߲㡣
ӦÿԽ
׿˫ȭ˽Ԫۻۣһɫ
ߣС㣬Ȼ˹ִô׿ͽĵһˡܼҴһӣʹ˫ۣȵӣ֡
ָаЦһ߸
ȻڴʱһǵĶ˹ͷѵġűɱİš
еĵҲ
׿һӣסµĵһն
ʱ䣬ѪƮ㣬һŷʴͷ­Ӧ˿С
׿ȻֻʵǿȺڴ洢ԪǾֲž߱ġʱӲע⣬ײؿڣǰغ󱳵Ĺͷ顣
䣬һжˮһǳɡ
˶ûӦʲô£촦һغˡ
ͨ
Ѫͷ­ڵϣµµܼǰ
ܼɵɵؿǰǸϤݣġ
ô꣬ǿ׿ģʲôܼ֪ܲǾǸҺʵ۸ļū
˭룬һˣһ¶ǵݣһλ߲ĸһɱĺЩɽҲз
ЩһǾˣ⻹Ǹһ˵ЦҺ׿𡣳ȥΪᣬֵ׺ݾǻͳҲҪĪˡ
˶ͻһĻ˵ʱ·Ҳֹһȫ˫ֱֱضѪ׿һƺˡ
ʱߣʱ
׿˫һУϣ˻ڷµʱ򣬽Ѫܼ͵һ˦ԼСȥܼҷӦѪ׿ǰ
һֱƺһץסѣȥ
ߣ
΢΢һ㶣֪룬ֻܡ
ܼҿΧסķٴвɴ󼱣׷
ǣǸնͳڻȴǰ
ߣΪס𣿡ܼҿŻͳ죬ݺݵص
ͳȻһЦҡҡͷסǿӵʱ䣬үС
ٺٺ١ˣܵĵܼ
ת׿һ׿ʧķ򣬻ͳŵصͷǰҲܲǸڱǡ
໤ˣҲͷоɵض׿ĪθС
Ȼǲ׿ΪλͻȻͣʿүСߣҲǶһᡣ
ݺݵҧҧܼؿԶ¶һĶâǳСӸһҴ£ϷץһҪƤǣȫʬ


6 ʵǶū
׿һֱƺһץѵǰ񱼣Ѿһɽǵĺɱ밧
ȵȣǲܰǶ¡ѱ׿ǣű׵أڻع
ûСĽ׿ͷ񱼡
֣
Ѽһ˦׿Ҳͣ˽Ųתؿ
ǱȥҵĻΪǰװ׶
ȥܴЩɽ𣿡׿
촽üͷ̾˻˵ܼоؾʵֻоأͳҲֻǾأҲĶ֡
ȥƨã߰ɡ
׿һƺǰߡ
ȻʱеСȴǲϵūţô˵ģҽϴȻһ˰ƨɴ򿪻
һ㶣׿һצСֿһѣֻλСҲŭݡڵҼūղŵȷӲ
Σֲ׿
ңصķ˲缦Ѿһ챻С壬ʲôɺģ
ħħʲ⵵¶أ
СŲھͰƨɴ򿪻׿һۣƺ
ңūţƺҲǺηط˻ȥСɽׯС֪ݵλĲһūв
ϧǰĲҼū
СЦһ׿㽫Լϥϣ˳ֿһǣžžžʺӡӡƨϡ
İ쳹˵Ķߣƺ˲סˡôҲ뵽һūȻĵӣҴӵƨɡ
ƺǸСƨƨϵʹһŷӦƨϻʹ

ѻعɴ󾪣æܵܶŭ׿ôĵӣү֡
ǳĺƢĶţҹ㣬ǷƢο׿·ϣҲɵŭգ
׿бƳһۣЦ˵ӴҿɱȲϴС˶ɱˣпոҷСƢ
ʱԶĺɱԽԽС׿ﶼǿ춥סˡ
ڶСӼƨɣٲܣ˿ǻҪСġ׿ָָƺ
Ȼŭδ׿ĻȴǾ˵ĿϡƺΨһжԻȥĵܾܵ¡
һѿ׿׿ϴү뿪ȥסЩɽ
Ҿܾ׿˼ص뿪С
㡭
ѲࡣôҲ뵽Ҿһ˵ŵļūӶв
ҴСҳ󣬶Ըβ졣㲻ڵĻҺСӵ׿ŵ
ԣѰ˵ͷеŭҲһЩ仰һ仰ȴѸոϨŭٴȼ
˵νӸһᣬֵ̫ˡ
㡭ɫˣǾ˵
ûٿǽһۣ׿תߣˣʲôɲĵط
һѿǰ׿קøƵģȥ
ϾĴС㣬Ȼж׿ߣΪ˴֣ϸķԲﶼһЩũׯûʲôءֻкڷɽһɭ֣ǺڷɽɽҲδ˽Ρ
ðȥǶɡ
׿ͷʾܵܣǰ·
ŭһѲٿֱǰȥ
Ҳ֪ǵʲôùǽһģһ˰ԵĹūšǰ·⹷ūںţūѺһ
裬ǽû
ҵţվСôʰ㡣зŭ뵽


7 ɷ
ʱһƬֵɭֱߡ
ǰããһƬɭû龰׿Ĺâ
ɭ֣ƣȥ˺ѳѿǰзԥ֮ɫǶȻݱܷͷҲԶҲˡ
Ȼ׿ȴû˵˫Ŀһֱķ쿴ǿֱƵĸɽʱзųĹâ
Ǻڷɽ𣿡׿ָɽʵ
˵ͷЩɵصҵ˵ڷɽɽʵǿᣬ֮¡ʮҶû£֪ΪǵɽͻϮɽׯ
ٺٺ١õط׿°ͣ޵
׻ȸ䣬мǣֱƿƲ񷣡
ǸȻ󰡣׿૵ֻǿϧûже򣡲ˣͻɵڶħɽ
׿Уɢ˷ܵĹâ
ʮɽļֵʥҲֻʥ߲ʥء
С㣬Ǿܼһɺã׿ͻȻתͷ
һ㶣ѱ仰ŵһ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ˣԷʵ֮ϣǶ㻹ôܼܽ
ƺǲмغһ׿һūţͻᴵţ
ǲƨˣ
׿ݺһɣƺ㲻֨ˡոƨϵİѾ׵ظǰūſȫûү
ߣúǰһؼټ֣ÿģƺͷڽͷ
ܻܵڻǰūĶ֣ɻô
һЦ׿һֵֻС㣬֪ϴ˶ʯȫҡ
ҪʯʲôѾؿ׿
ǺǺǡСᣬҿɲֳ˼Ұ䣬ϴټҲƵĶūһУȫΪǵİȫ
ߣ㻹ūҿûбĶūˡ
Լǿܵܵƨɣаȴ˳ӵһöָȥȫҲˣҪǸƭңҾŹ㡣
ȻһЦ׿ӹָתʧãã֮С
ҡ
ߣūǴ󵨣ˣ㣬һҪúýѵΪҳƺ׿ˣŷȻ
΢΢ҡҡͷѿǰããƺūȻǲȴһֱڰǣܱЩ۸Ҫǿǲö𱨡
ƺ룬صͷԣܼҡ
صͷ͵ƺڳˡ
Ǻܿ죬ƺҧгݵصǸūţ͸õڰĿ˴ƨɣֻɱ̫ˡ
һʱȻ

׿ɭУĿܲ쿴ţʱһâһʯȻӽָзɳɭֵû
Ȼǵһɭ֣ȴ·ؽϤһ㣬·˿ûܵĸš
һӵʱ䣬׿ȻƬɭ֡
ڤſķаɷ
пٵؽᶯӡ׿ŴӾ¼е󷨿
ʱ䣬ণն˲䰵İһֻֻɫӰӺڰз£Ƭɭ֮С
һƬããʼ죬űڣȫһΪ˴ĺɫ
Ĺϴ洫
ѽļ˿ֲ쾰ʱ㱻ŵñһţˡ
Ǻܿ죬ֲĹͣҲٴη磬¶貵չ⡣ɭֵѸɢ׿ش˳
ոյ׷ʲô£ǲùѿ׿ɲص
ûлش⣬׿֣ٴתɭȥ

з֮ɫѻǴŵܸܵȥʱ˿̣׿ƺһص£̲סҪȥ̽һ
ܿ죬һǧ£׿ѵһ£ҽɷ־ܼǵˣٿɱǡ
ʲô󷨣
һ˼ؿ׿
󷨿ϱȹ似ҪĶһʽͼҲ⴫ܹһһʽͼҲҪʮʯܹãҳмС
ǹɽׯ󷨻ɽҲ׵رɽˡ
Ǵʱ˿̣ǼҵһūͲһ󷨣ⲻòɽׯС𾪡


8 յ
㡭ôᡭ
ȱôģȸеǵ־ɱ󣬿ɷ˵־
ɵ㶵ظ׿䶯־׿ٶʵ̫죬һ־һǳɡѿһۣȴѹͼǲסϸǲ֪α䶯źá
ôô򵥵־׿ٳвһŭƾӣһܼ׷ɴ־ܺˣǱĸһ
ѴСǱе飬˵İܹί仹Ǳһ
ɵãžӨ̲סԴҲصȥڼϰ
һԵƺ裬֪͵׿һѣūţ۸ҽ㡣
ҡҡͷ׿ҲûһСƨȥƽˡ
ոڿʱŷ֣Ԫֻ󷨵ģûȥˡ
һɷĻû˿ƣһԽܼɱʣϧõʯֻһǧ飬ﱾǸȻֻҪʯ۵Ļȱ󷨶
ʱܹ󷨵ģҲֻصĴСˡ
־һʱҲȷѣʱĺܽȡ
֮£׿ȻסֻץԼ֮䡣
ҪʲôһͻȻͨ
𶯣׿һֻ֣ʼֽ䶯־
ʱѲͼֻ˱һİܵıţǵһΣвС¹ײҲԽԽ졣
ÿĲʱ߱ᴫһȣע
תһ׿ֻ࣬˿ûκβͼ
ߣ˾ӣ
°һӲ˿űǼʵı۰򣬾һθеһ˿ȫС

ܼңǳɭֵķˡɭʮﴦһݵĸһɽ쿴һκ󣬻ܼұ
һЦܼǵƲ룬ͦҵطģ֪ɽĵΣҲǹطǲϤ
˵ţܼһһ۱廨Ļͳ죬аĹâ
ͳ죬һˡԴСԣӦò᲻ɡ
ޣģвС㡣ͳ˫Ŀͨ죬ܼҵ۾ɱ˵ĻѪѽܼʬˡ
ھͰɱˣԺһ㣬ΪȥֵǱ𡣡
ǺǺǡõϷԻȫ㡣۾΢΢һУܼҷЦߡ

ʱܼһжʮɭǰ
ȻǿԶԶؿһӰؿһŴ˯ϸһǰɱһ˵׿
ܼңɱӵǸˡһɽ󺰵
ƺǱгѣ׿һĹǷ˯ܼۡǣûо֣ûнţ¶ѵЦݡ
ܼң﹧ʱˡ
üͷ΢壬ܼؿıпʲôȴʲôҲϣֻдݡ
Ļô꣬Ϸǿˡܼĵ
ǰ׿ۿһ£һͨļūʲôÿģ
ԴӼʶ˲նɱһɽܼҶӳȫ߸ˡСӲصҳֺĸ󻼡
׿ôĵӣö֮վϷǰܼ۾΢΢һУʵ
ûлش׿ֱ˵صܼңʽΣ
ʲôףܼɻ
ҽҽܽ㣬㱣ںڷɽиǰ̡
ʲô
׿һܼҵһ𾪣ǱѺĻͳǾˡ
ʱ㿿׿үС뿪û뵽׿ȻͶˣһСүͶеĳ롣
ΪʲôôҴ㲻ɡܼɣʵ
ΪγңҴɡ׿ЦһЦ
ԣܼһ죬ŭ
Цһ׿ŵ˲ΪѾһ֮Ҳ޷ŤתǬֺαѰ·ܵΪԼı·Ҳ֮ɡ
˵ţ׿ӵϼһһͷãã֮С
Ĳؾһߣмڣֻܷ
ܼҽǺУ΢΢ͷΪܰȫúǣȷ뷨ңΪ׷٣ڡз˰
ٴνݸ׿ܼҵͷãɽǰ·ɱˣ
ܼңҿʵˣ׿һЦ
ܼҲмҡҡͷ⻰ǰţڡţ
˵꣬˶һۣǷ˹ĴЦий̥
ǻͳˣɵŭڣƿڴܼҼаСˣ׿٣ȴûȥֻǱѺţһͬãã֮С


9 
һͬǺ«һ㣬ڰããߣжקǸ׿ǰ棬ܼںεץ·Էˡ
Ϊ̫󣬼ŵˣҲȫԷΣֻƾԷ߶
ɭֵģӳʱ׿ͻȻͣ
ôˣܼһЩץ׿·ֲֽ˽
аЦЦ׿ܼңҾǵɡȪǶ·Լȥɡ
Ȼһܼŷ塣ɵһգ׿ߣȻһ¡
һ·ѳɿ鲼·֮еȴ׿һִľͷ
⡭СǺʱģ
ܼҾؿһУһ·һֱ׿Էˣթû뵽ˡ
죬ԭ·ءܼҸæ
Ļקźط
Ȼʱ֮дһ˵Ĵˣȥĺˡ
˻ҡ֮УûкܰȻأ
ܼҸҧгݵֱţСӰһ
ˣӵĴ
ܼңˣӵҲˡ
쵰
ܼһȭݺݵشڵϣֱشһһ׼Ĵ󶴡
ôҲ뵽һı㣬ΪӪȻһδɵĳС
СӣϷűߵ·࣬ΪһССɭ־ܰϷסܼ󺰵ϷȥһʬΡ
ǺǺǡɾԲˡ
Ȼɭ׿Цһ̵İȾѪ졣
ô£ˣ
𾪵ؿΧı仯¶֮ɫЩɱ˲ѪɽҲû˹顣
ܼңϼʶ㣬⡭ô£
һɽش󺰵ȴû˻ӦǰȥʱҲҲһӰ·˶һʧˣʣһ
˵һģһǰһһˣʱȴǶʧˡ
ܼҿһУ¶ŵɫ૵⡭ѵǡ󷨣
˴뱲ӵܼұϾʶ㣬ǼԽ࣬Խ֪󷨵бԽǾ塣
󷨣ǽֻ֮һ˲ݣܺɱͬʵʮˣʮ֣ɶ
ǣôҲ뵽ǾȻᱻһ֮С
׿㡭㾿ʲôˣ
ܼҶӣǰδе¶Ŀ־塣
㿴ˣ׿һˣһᶮ󷨣׿һʼͰ󷨰ڸ׷ĵӶûС
۴ѣȫеΣʱҲԾؿԵ׿г֮ɫ
۾΢΢һУ׿ɱŹžݣɱ
ɱ
ָ־һ䡣
ʱ䣬ѪȻһ䣬Ϊ˴ĺɫ˶ɽŨŨ֮Сǰֻǿ˵ĻʱǾԼҲȫˡ
ֻжߣ쳹İţǧ߻ơ
¶־壬ʹǵȫʧȥ˷֮һɫ͵سǵ档
ֻǵġڱʲôţȴǸ޷ܡ
ʱ˿̣ǵг˿־壬һС
ǲɵ̣׿˷ܵĹâһ뿪ѣһ۴ϥ
¼мص󷨣ħ󻯾ᡣ
е˶ѾħҪ˵Ԫͨͨ


10 ͻ
鳾ħɷ
׿һӡ˲ᶯڿƴѱһʧȥɷĿȨͬʱǰЩĿܼǵΣҲʱʧˡ
Щ֣ٴνӡȴҲղ˴һһľ

Ȼɭָĺܼҵ˴ʱѾȫڣǻһ˿ʶһֻֻɫӰϵشڷɳ
ÿɳһֻǱ类һ㷢ʹİšֱеĺӰȫ뿪ҽвֹͣǵҲû⣬ɿǧĸʬһȫ˷ĩ
׿ںУЩӰǧֻ֮࣬·Ⱥ鳲һ㣬ȫڡ
ôȻţɫҲ֮ǰܼһڡкӰȫ־һ䣬תħ󻯾
ʱ䣬ɫԪڹĵ籼ڴһˢĽ뵤֮СƣҲӿš
ۣ
һ˲Ĺ׿ͻƵ㡣
ۣ
һ죬ͻ߲ƿ
ţ˲㣬Ų㣬۷ƿ
˫ۣ׿һ˫ȭ˽Ȼͻơ
һΣղףЩɷħԪѾĵòˡħͷ飬ԽԪݽʱͻƣպĳɾԽмֵ
ҧҧתÿһֻɷԪͨͨեɺԼʣԪһ塣

һ췢׿ƺʲôѵţˮһ㣬ĪһǿԪٴνĽֳˢһ飬صĵڣѾɺԵԪ
һγˢĽһࡣ

׿˫ۣоϲɫ
Ͼħʱľ飬ͻƾǰͻʱҪöࡣҵڴԪҲһֿԱȵģ
س׿־ٴһ䣬ڵɷʼ뿪塣ֻһΣЩɷٴα˻ɵɫĺɫҲȫʧˡ
ɷȫ뿪׿վһɫ˲ɢĿ⺱ƬɭС
ʱ˿̣ѾҲҪ֮֡
̧ͷ˿ɫգ׿¶һ˿΢ЦѾͻƾӦЩ似ˡ
ɱܼҵһɽ˵Ϊ˱ҽܣ˵ĴӮȴ׿ԼܼǵԪ׿Ҳô쵽
ֻеȥ似Ժ󲻽Աиȥǿߣøǿ
׿
ʱһĽѱŵܵܺǻͳǰոȥˣôһʧˣ
ŶΪʯ̫٣ȱݣŻʧذɡҸոȥܼûУϲɺأһûӵ׿
ɲԼܹϾϣħΪǿ󡢹졢Ѹٶ¡
οħ󻯾ħ֮ħǱ֪ˣһΪʸ֮ġǰ˶Ȼٷ
ѵͷûжٻɡ
ͳ쿴׿ƺЩԥǺܿʲô㣬ǰһ͵ع
׿ֵܣǰ³ç֪յ룬еҪҪϤ㡣ҪĳԴĳҲһüͷ
׿ˣ°ͷӵĵһͣԳͳһҳϣҲ䵽ز
а̾ѣ׿ͳЦͳ˻ͳ죬ֻһССͣĴ񡣿ܹܼȫߣƾСµ󷨡
ԣһ㶣ɻؿ׿Լʹɫʱ΢΢˵ͷ
ȻѲΪ׿ԸԼڵ󷨣ϾȹԼҲ˳˼
ͳǾؿѣС㻹󷨣
ЦЦǿˡ
ңС󷨣ңָտɴˣͳЦżỨ
׿ӣÿɷ
ȴ͵͵ؿ׿ҵĻǾһҪˡ


11 ٳ
ƺ˼׿æѾûܼҵ˵в֪Скδ㣿
ŶԭǴ㻤СȥͶ̸ѻû˵ͳѾڵ
ʱ˿̣ͳѲٽ׿һͨļūһƽƽҸ߲Դ
Ӧף̼ҹӿǼСл֮Լġ
ŶǷٳǲ̼ң
׿°ͣͷ
Сӵļ䣬̼ڷٳǵһ壬Ҳ¡ܰҽܽǣСӦҲĿˣħҲüЩ˵ܳĽˡ
뵽׿ͷãȥͶ̼ҡ
Ȼת׿˿ڷɽ૵һġ
ͬһʱ䣬ڷɽһڰɽڣһλаһѴϣһСඣвʱһɫܼǣûŶ𣿡
կܼŶ˵ϾܵõС඲ӣԴصȥ˿Ҹӡ
ǺǺǡȥɡ
ǣС඲˲ͷϵĺҲƵȥ·ٴһ˾ͻһ
뿪껺һǰһֻһλ׷ԲԵߣʱŭؿˣ촽ȴ˵
˼ˣЦǸɿݵƣʦģѾȥǱߵˡȻƵ֣Ҿϸžۡ
ԣ͵һۣѪ֮ɫ·Ҫһ㣬ȫȴǶҲֻܶڲϵز
龰ɽ˲ĴЦŶа졭

ٳǷԲһǳأʮ·̡ڵĺڷɽɽ׷׿һҹ·ֻʱѵ
ٳǣڵַͷһɣƺĽſ־壬һ˲ɢˡ
ŴͷΧѼһֱգ˿Ҳǵһչ¶Цݡ
ƺ㿴ŵ֣ܵܵЦ绨ָһˣ̯λ
ͳ쿴ǲûΪ屻ʧ䣬οЦתֿ׿׿ֵܣҼǵ㻹ûٳǰɡ
΢΢˵ͷ׿ɵĮ
ͳˣһ㶡
ٳǵķԶģǵһٳǣǼҹ˯žôСӴСû뿪ɽׯôĶǣȴһоûС
֪ڴʱ׿ǸСɽûʲô
ӣ̼һû𣿡⼸ĸʿ빲׿ͳĹϵҲ׽˲٣Ѿʼֵơ
ͳ컹ûڣһԵѾȵǲֱȥ̼ңӦҺƺȥϰݻᣬȻǣǿȥǰĿջš
ô鷳׿üͷһ
Цһͳʼ磺û취˭Ͷ̼ҵġֱţ˼Цû
ãȥɡ׿ͷͬ⡣
ֻҪٺãӦҲˣһûʲô˵ġ
Ȼʱﶼûгֹٴ쳹Ķߡ
ߣūţٳǿҽĵˡţôʰ㡣ƺ˫ֲǿ׳죬ٴλָǸһĴү

Ǿǻ֮ʱ׿ԥһŴƺƨϣʱ㽫߳һԶˤ˸ࡣ
õھʰ㡣
Ѽ״æѵܷܵ𣬻ͷݺݵص׿һۣǸСһʶ
ܵǷᡣ
׿ƳһۣӻֵϽȥɣǰٺúǻҲ˳ۣҸ߾ˡ
ŭһܵ뿪ˡ
ƺǷڽͷСͨ죬ҿһ
СС͵ôҲ벻ͨͷǽ޿ū۸ҲͰˡǵٳǣĵ̣˳ģôҪ⹷ū᣿
ѵ⹷ū첻£زңɴûˡ
ͳһĿ̣ȴѱĿɿڴӶˡ
ôҲ뵽׿ʲôʱôţҵŴСүС㻹ֻԹһ䣬׷
Ҫ֪үСͷ⣬ƽʱ˵һĻáڣ׿Ȼĺ޹˼ɵүһţߵû
ףΪɶһ·үһ׿͸ӼèƵĲҿˣԭǱŵİ
Ĩ˰ͷϵ亹ͳ쿴׿׿ֵܣϾүӡɮ濴棬С滹Ҫ氡ôء
Цһ׿νʼ硣ɴδκ˵ӣһУΪħ


12 Ů
һʱزȥط䡣
׿תȥͳ֪ûԼȥ̾ȥ
һһСһЩɢް̯ĵطҪôﻻҪôЩʯ
ǰľ飬ҲҵһЩûĺö
һ·󿴿ƣͳ쿴˫ĿŹ⣬кüζˣǿ׿һȻζǰߣҲֻϸϡ
ҲԼҲûʶõĻͳ죬֪ʱѾϰ߸׿ƨɺˡ
ôûĺöȥ̡ˣ߰ɡ׿תһȦûʲô۵Ķҡҡͷ
Ȼ뿪һӵĳȴǴĶڡ
ѭȥֻһ̯һλŮ첱Ӵֵ
͵ǿ֣׿ͳ켷ȺߡʱſŮòŮһ£üë¶൱ľԷѾƿڴȴɹŵЦݣ˿ûӣȻּ
ī񣬲ġ
ֻ۾ģī񣬼ɹһ죬ȻˮƳ峤°빦ġ
ĭҷɣīжôС㣬㵽׶а
ŮҡҡͷЦݣҲī񣬵Ҽһī֪Ǽٵġ
һξ͸˵ܱī٣ôƵ𣿡
УҾ¡ǹ۵ĻεīʮʯϺīٿʯֵֻѡ
ȥȥȥСӾϹ˵⡣īļǮƾʲô
Ů΢Ц˫ɿˣֱ˿лȴǷй
׻˵ֲЦˡ
ŮһֱɵطīļֵҪһˣһȹȥˡǿŮЦݣȴʼ̧֡
ī񣬵ȷǼٵġ
ͻȻһ˿ȥֻ׿һ΢ЦؿŮС۹ǲܲ𴩼ٻŷ֪ʱ١
Ůһ㶣ؿ׿һۣ˼صͷ
һЦ׿ܵλɷȥ׼һЩǡޣݡ
׿˵ЩǷĶܿһЩֲ´˱㶼ˡ
˵棬׿ЩˮУ˽Ȼ̷㽫īˮС
ߣžͷţ̷ƺҲ൱ţī˽ȥ
ȻīһˮУϱнðˮݣˮͨɢ˿˿Ѫ
ô̷һ𣬲ɾ
ŮҲգգľĴ۾ؿһС
ǺǺǡسԾΪīǷƵģһҩˮ㿪ʼɫˡ׿īóٻ̷ڣλﲢδ˵
̵ģұЩ쵰ƭˣһ˶ʮʯ̷ҧгݵص
īֵֻ顣
ŮٴγһĹۺת׿ЦǺ۹⣬СŮֻ֪Ǽٵģȴ֪αҿ
ҲֻϹֵˡ׿΢һǷЦС㣬㲻Ȼֵֻ顣
ˣֻˣǿīļֵˡŮЦЦת뿪˷С
ŮıӰʧͳ׿߸̾ǸֵŮӡ
һ׿ظ૵Ů۹ⶾҿ鲻㣬㱻һⱦˡ
˵ţ׿ٴתǿīż֮ɫ
̷ϰ壬ȴǿʼ̾ʰ׼ؼˡ


13 Ѫ
̵ģû뵽Ҳ۵ʱ򡣡
Сϣ̷һͷɥǰţΧĵģûһ㶯ֹֻסذ̾
ͻȻһ𣺡ϰ壬
һ̷ͣΣתͷȥֻ׿첽ܵǰ
ǡղŵġ̷ǵ׿Ϊе˲Ŷ֪ǿīǼٵġ
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Ҫ٣׿۾һУɱһš
ʮ飡̷˰֣¶˼թ֮ɫԼҸе˳֣ϰٿء
̷׿ѣ뵽϶īıϾոҲֻ˿ⶫ١ȫԼٵ棬׬ĸࡣ
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˵ţ׿Լ䣬ŹϡͳȻֵ֣УȻҪæҲԼˣʱ׿ϯضסſڡ
һУ׿ҲͷôһˣҲˡ
ţ׿īŵϣкɫԪ͵ǰ

һ죬ī³˵ƣȻһһص¶ѪɫĹâ
ʱѾī񣬷ǱͨɫѪ񡣲ңѪ·һһǺһһҲйɵ
ҹȻûѪ飡
׿ݺݵ˿ĭеسƵ˷ܡ
Ѫ飬һʯ֮УǧԾѪȣ¾ǧſɳΡħߵ亱С
һ߽Ѫ޳ɱѪӤٵʱѪӤһɶ˾ѪΪײСѪӤһɳʥѪӤǵۼǿҲǡ
ݾ¼أϹһħΪѪħ棬ѪӤѵʥϹʮҲԸΪС
ѪħԾ޵УϾħۣħ֮λħƾһ֮ɱѪħ棬ԼҲˡ
ѪħѪӤطȴħ۵õԸħ󻯾СʱħҲѪӤֻϧһֱûѰá
룬ħ˺õܹõѪӤĻᡣ
ǰбѪӤĻʥߣҲ
뵽׿ȲػԼ󣬽ѪһһεصεѪ֮ϡ


14 ѪӤ
ཡཡ
Ӥһ㣬ÿһѪ䵽ʯϣգ۱㲻ӰʯķҲԽԽ
׿һУ¶аЦݣ˹ƳѪѪϡ
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ʱһһȥ׿ϵѪҲԽԽ࣬Ѫȴ·ԶԲĶǰ㣬δֹͣա
׿Щɬ촽ɫò԰ףǰҲʼʧѪģܷ
ܷշѪ飬ѪӤֻһλᡣһֹͣѪͻСӱһΪԺҲһ
һʼ׿ֻܼȥ
ʱֹȥ˰ʱ׿ѾеضתףѪ»ΣûˣҪѪҲûʲôˡ
ȻԥǷ÷ʱͻȻһĪɶأȻв
׿һһϲ⣬Ѫͨˡ
æѪʯתħ󻯾ʱ䣬ɫԪѪʯ֮ϣѪ˿ҲѪʯ׿ڡ
һ죬ѪʯȻըѣһܳ׿ڡ׿쿴ֻһƴСĺɫӤʱĵ֮ڡ
ƺǸܵ׿ʶ쿴Ӥۿһۺְ˯ˡ
ǡѪӤ
׿ű˵ôҲ뵽Ȼ׵ؾ˱ѪӤ
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м似һķ׸߼似˵ȴй֮޲

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ͳһԴ󼱣Ҫֹ׿çײΪ˶Դӵġǣ׿ƺһŭ֮ʱͳ쾹û˿ȥüͷ
Ǻƺսսǰ·׿ںѺţеһĻٴγ֡
ͳںŶˣЩ㱣赽˭Ӱ


15 ڻ
һ̵СϪߣһλ࿡ĹһλźµĽŮϷ˱˴׷𣬻Ц쳹ľĺϡ
Ŷ˴εˣвЩΪ壬ӲͷƤȥТ硭
ɫǿιƳһ۵ѣѾ˵ĺˡӽҸûκιϵҵֻһˡ
ǰʶʱľ͸ϽТͲϲˡǺŮ̧̧ƤЦؿ
ݺݵҧҧ촽ѵһ
ڻϡǵãҽʱ˫ĸΪǶסТһ𳤴÷˺ɽˣ
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͵ܵڲ̼פʮ죬ֻΪܵõ̼ҵİٲᣬֻТˡ
Т磬ҲеĻԼֻϣȰ˵սõķϣһѡ
¸޹أҵ˵ȥТ˻䣬
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Ȼѵ˻δ£һţͲТȴȹڵء˵ǹ򣬵˵ϥˤϵġ


16 ʲ
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ʹ죬̧ȥֻ׿Įվǰ
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׿ָָТٸæȥֻǰûʲôµĲТȻȻ³һѪ
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ֶŮ׿պػвң㡣
ߣ㵣ĶӣҶСӣҿɲСҵ³ҧҧ޺޵


17 Ǳ
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С㣬ʲôȥ뿪̸û׿ͻȻͣ½ŲͷҲص
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׿ݺҧҧ¾ģһҪ̼Ҽ
ֻһܰٺҽܣƫƫ̼Ҹӵ۸ˡ
պ̼ұ٣֪ΪԵʶ׿һڵóӶˡ
ⶼǺ󻰣׿ȻԼļƻħǣҪչ˺ǳκ顣
뵽׿һ£С㣬֪ʲô𣿡
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ȥǱʲôѸæ׷ʵ
ˣ׿Ӧ
仰˶˵
ңǱôˣǳ˵ΰ


18 
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˫ֻؽǻӹ縧䱦һϸ쿴
ѺͳˣЩֵضһۡ׿ҹģʱǼֻһָоʲô
Ǵʱ˿̣ӣ·⻭ļֵ൱߰
׿Ҫ٣ٴο׿ȴȻһࡣ
СǼмңڷеʱѾʶˣ㿪۰ɡ׿ЦЦ
ҧҧ촽׿֪ҲмңƭˣǵʮʯΣ
ʲôʮ򣿡
Ϣһͣվ
ǹׯȫʢʱڣׯʯҲûдﵽ飬׿һ֪ʲôĻȻֱӿ۶ʮ
ͳҲĿɿڴĿһУԴ˲·һ㣬޷˼
˵ı֣вһ˿
￪ˣȺӡ
һ׿ĪЦ⣬λϲɫбһ
ļ֣ܼҡ


19 
ʮ򣬺ǺǺǡ
׿°ͣҡͷЦȥǷȻСûг⣬ʹհɡ
һڻƺ׿ȥ
׿һʽͼѣʮѾˡ⻹ֻ棬򴢴棬ҳʮѾ൱ˡ
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нקǷҧҧˣʮ򡣡
С㣬ûгⰡ׿ʧҡҡͷǰ㣬ʼȥǷ
һֱҪ㿪׿ħơ
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ʽͼϵʽȴûмġǱ۹һҵʽͼУȻûмʽеΪʡ
ΣⱾӵʽͼ
ǣ׿ƺ׼һһ˿ɿڡǣֻÿʵСѣС㣬ͼʮˡ۹УֻǱʵͼ㵽طǮ
ԥһ£׿
龰֪ţæƻС㣬Ǳô⣬ȻΪǵĹպǱĴԶΪ㳨

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죡׿һݺݵһۡ
Ůˣ˼ͺסˡǱôܻΪʲôƨͷǳΪԼıɡҪ˫һ
С㣬ҹܼңһҡ׿һʱЦݣ俴
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ͼû׿΢΢Ƿ˸ⲻЩ졣
Ȼûʣ׿ѾڵǸոһֱΪСҪǣԭĲ֪ʦ𣿡
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ܵ˵츳
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׿۹ȻǧҪ̫ԸŶ¶һȷŭӷŭЦݣҧ
׿ɵͷ΢Цʣбļʦ𡣡
Ĭһݺݵ˵ͷãš
䣬ת뿪ʧıӰһǵؿ׿ǲǵǱˣ
׿ҡҡͷ¶һЦݡ
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һгȻϸ׿Ǳڷٳǵܹ£ϯʦš
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׿һݣüͷ΢΢塣
˵ʵǲǸһأ׿ѹΪ׿ãͷֻǶʵʵ̫
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ʲô
һ˶ˣôҲ벻Ǳϯʦžͼ˵֡


20 Ϲʽͼ
壬⡭
Ŀɿڴؿţǲ֮ɫֻǰ˰֣һֻ۽׿ȵݡ
׿ͬţһһаЦݣ̫˰ɡ
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ôҲ뵽׿һȻ˼ֵǣܹ㾡вչ
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ؿ׿һۣſϲصСӣ֪ǱֹΪͼģʲôɡ
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ſǰǷͼãڶص˵ͷãΪֹǱǷҵġ
˵꣬Žǻ߳˿û˵һ仰ֻӰʧ󣬲ԶԶĻСһͿ͡
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ôҲ뵽ôƫƧ򣬻ĴǱɽʷϣҲǰλá
ԹԣҺû֣ȻʹˡһȥıӰ˰Ѷͷ亹һҲСװصͷ
ǱԴ൱𾴣ҪǱڵ˵ǣǱض⵽Ʋá
ϰĴ󻧣ʹǶǵһ㲻Ҳ
뵽ȫ¡
һ棬׿Ǻٴŵķ䣬ֻʱ˿̣ϸϸĦǷһʽͼ
壬ǷһʽͼôôܿһǧۣһûһǧĶأһűæʵ
̾˿ŽٵߵСϸͼ۹Ҳֻһˡ
ǡ۾һɣɵ
Ϲʽͼ
ŵż֮ɫ΢΢ĲϹֽʧǴӹżļˣϹʽͼ޼֮һǧʯԱȵġ
ʲôͼ󣿡
˵ͷŵ¶˺ӰЦݣ·ԼİһǺܿ죬ֺ뵽ʲôƵģɫ
СðȥǼˣˡ
ΪʲôҪȥǣ
ŰһոûǷǵġ
ԣŷӦԭǰ׿ּۻΪ°
ǣϾսϽˣ̸оȻһδɵĻëСѹһͷѹֻ᲻ġ
뵽ġꡱһЦ˳


21 Ҳ
ڶ峿׿ڿջķڴͻȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲԼﴫһ򣬵һ죬űӲƿͳ촭Ŵ׿֮ɫ
ˣ汻ҵΧסˡ
˫Ŀ׿¶ĻȣҲˡ
ôһ㶼أͳֵ
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ԣͳη۶׿ҹܼңǰҲһһүСĽţ˽ȴûۿǽ
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ոȪаȣ׿ʵսḻͻ֮¡Ҳ׿Ūڤȵʵħ
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ΪħߵĶ׷ǿʵٳ֮·ԵȴҲΣաȻһһӡȻʵħ֣ȴҲϵƫ
ҲȪȻǾصΪʵȴԶڴˡ׿ֻоأħصĲȴҪĻҪĶࡣ
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㲻ΪңΪõļƻȪһսҲڱС޹ǵ˼һħͷɵѪ嶯
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˵һһ˽ҶҲᱻƵûԡû뵽׿ûһ˿η壬Ще˼
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Ȫ뵽ʲôȴǡһƵæһ

һѪӡϱǿĳƵˣͣκŷ֣־ȻѪ
磬СģٲһҲ˿ѡ
Ȫüͷһ壬ḡյһ鷳ˣû뵽ͬˡ
̧ͷ׿ֻԼ¶ĪЦݣȪ̾°
̵ģҪ֪ˣӾͲ˻ˮ


22 Σյ
ħɰעÿһ¼ʵĻͬԶ׷ǿΪּ˵׷ħ߳չֳ߲ͬķһ棬ΪʵֶΣҲΪ߶ħ֮˼Ϊɵԭ
ΪΪУһȺս
ͬȪڷ׿Ҳħߺ󣬲ŻڡȻսʤ׿Ըһһս޹˼ɵħӣӮˣԼҲḶʹۡ
뾡Ȫ۾΢΢һУɱһֻƷɫ塣
ողܵ¶ȱȻ½Ǿʮ֮⣬Ҳظо˿˿⡣
ͫ΢΢һѾȫܵеĿֲ²ɴ󼱣ǻδ׿Ȫ˲仯ΪһӰ׿ȥ;лݣȫ˲ήȥ
׸߼似ڤצ

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ߣѾҷסˣʲôҲʹ
һͻ֣Ȫ¶˵Цݣͬʱﰵ
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ȪҪ˵棬ɱ׿
ɢźƷ磬׿ȴ¶˹Цݡ

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á
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Ǿүǵ˰ɣлүԺԲˡ׿ֽһӣܱ˱ȭ
Цһǿ˸ʲôҲû˵תȥˣ·һ˰̵Ľ
ʱǱٳǷֲڡ

һƴϣ߶վһֻڲͣضƺҪĿǰվˣܣ˶ͷǰһۡ
û뵽ݺһᱻһëСӰһ˼Ĵơ
һ󣬿Ų壬Сף׿͵ϮɱȪǱʲô£
ͿתŭʱֳܾȪˣĿáСӵŰܵɱڤȵĵӣ˵ʼ˭ͷϣ
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ԣЦֱҡͷǽ͵СһСˣɱҵĵ𣿡
һҡҡͷ
ܽŵ㶼ţڤȺҵ˸ţһìͷָǡ
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ߣùСƺ˵ġСӵʱûˣȪҪҲƫƫֺܳû͵ϮʵһʼҪǿö࣬ǰƺõġ
ʲô֪ܸԱߣԲȪģһ
̾˿ҡҡͷɵѾͷȪǱڤȣҴҲ
ôܣһ𣿡
һ㣬ҲˡʱڱǷͼʱѾҶԼӡǶҳֻ򲻹ңǾǱڤʾǱֻܶһס
ҡҡͷһʼƵͷˡСӣϷΣյˡ
ƺ뵽ǰĳ棬ص˵ͷ


23 ı
ȥ
ҹ׿ǿֹסǰѪɫ԰׵ڴϡҪտƣȴǱһŭ˳ȥ
ȪһսȻӮˣȴӮúơ
Ϊ͵Ϯʤ֮䣬ħ˾ռߵ£ûʲô˵ġֻһսУеС
Ȼ֮صʵ࣬һֱΪħʵ۽磬ʹʵĻһδɵСӡ
ʵȴǣӮˣҸռκαˡǿԭĴ㣬ʹǱ󣬳䲻ɱˣ¶ˣʹҳ⡣
һжļƻһȴûгɹϲá
̫ˡ
׿ر۾θͷ
Ϊ˰Ѳ̼ҺҵľѾ׾ҵ֮УֹʡȻǵõһʱƽ֮ҪԵĵˣҡ
ǣǰʵ˵ǱңԱҲܡ
ǿҪڶʱڱǿ
׿ҧҧнһֵ־˫ĿͻȻֳĺ⡣һ̣ǧ֮Ĳ̸ڣТڷڴȻһʹŤĺͷ£һ˹ȥʧȥ֪
ţһѪɫĹâ֣һƴСӤƮ˳
ѪӤ׿ıѪӤ
ڲ̸ʱΪǣƲٵв׿һֱ㽫ѪӤ˲Тڣֻٶ̫죬˶û֮ԴΪҪЮŲٲҶ˶֡
ͬʱѪӤڲТڣҲܰ׿Ӳ̼ңκж׿֪
ڣ̼ҵľٶѾҪˡ
ѪӤתͷһۻԲѵĲТ¶һЦ׿ߣȲȡĿò̼αġ
䣬ѪӤһɳ˲Тķ䣬ת˲š

һĻ԰ڣһ̼һոѲҹ·ͻȻһڡǻûüκ죬оȫһ飬ҲˡţȫѸٸɱһΪһ촷ۣǺַɵ˱𴦡
㣬ڶ̶һڣʮ̼һĪʧˡ
ջڵ׿˫ۣаһЦѪӤȥѰµ
ʱ˿̣ѪӤһѪӤ׿׿ѪӤѪӤںħ󻯾еľѪԪͨͨߣȻظ׿ı
ԭ׿ôٻѪӤʵΪȪһսʱԱҪѪӤѪò̼ҿ
ʱѪӤѾǾΪǶ͹ǾڵĸӦҲΪ鷳ھߣֱӾͿɱ
ȪһսʱѪӤĻ׿ҪʹκμıͿԸɵ
뵽׿ò̾ħ󻯾ѪӤľ䡣
ԭҪѪӤΪǱȵ컹ѵ£ѪħҲʥѪӤڣħ󻯾׿ǰڿջֻʮͽΪᵽ˾ϡ
ûʮյıչأ׿һɱѪӤʮǷѪӤȥʳѪΪҲܴԼѪ
ڲ̼ļ壬͹ǾϵĸֱּϡƷ֣׿ҲѪӤܵǵ˺Ը޼ɵصߣһṤȻʳʮ˵
Ȼ׿аЦ͵͵Ĩɱ̼˵ʱһɹϢȴע
ħ֣
׿΢΢һ㶣ѪӤϢȥ
ܿ죬ѪӤһСǰƹ谵ʮ׿жʮҵľ۷վڡ
ⲻ׿ĺģѪӤɵǰ쿴ЩվڵģѪӤǰֱӣǸ
ֻһյ͵ƣ֮߰λ
λϵģȻǲ̼Ҽ١ֵһλǸͺͷߣһ˫ǵ۰ϰȫɢһɹϢ
׿һ۱ϳˣħֵϢ
ֵһλҲһ˿ħϢȴԣǰ·ħ
ٺߣȴͺͷ쳣
ѵ˵
׿ƺµʲôȻͺͷһ񣬹ϣ֪մݹ٣Ϊ£
ǵ˲һֱۣһǼϵЦһز̼Ѿ֪ˣڤȵȪǱɱһ¡
ǲҸɵô죬Ц
ΪǸ𣿡ȻʧЦǵ˫ͻȻųĿľ⣬ڤǱѽֻ˫ȶ֣ҵƽ⡣Ǳٽɱҵӣ֪Ϊ
ԣ׿͵Ц
ȻһҳưԶ꣬뵽˸սǵϡΪԴԸ±ıҲԸʵ
ǱҲһԸڹҲʾ
ţҵ˼ǡٳһ£
ǺǺǡҲûʲôȥǱ󣬿ǵʲô˼ǳĻƱҪһսˡ
ϣǿǱ󰡣Ҳ̼ôܵ𣿡Ļһӻ
̵ģҵ£Сǣȥ
ҡҡͷϵ̼ᣬƾ̼һǱ档˵̽ȥԸңǱķӦ
ʲôң
һԳ
Խ׿Ȫһս󣬷ٳ˭˲֪˭˲ұĿɽǱȥ鷳͵ǵǱô
ţתͷһֻۣЦݵؿԼеֻ˼
Ҹڤȹϵôôȥ鷳Ůֵͦôһ˼ҸǱйأͲȥˣ
ٺ޵ȴֲҵڤȣֻ̾˵׿Ϸ֮ˡǰЩʱҲ̸ң֪ʲôаҶŻѪղֹȮӻȥаҪҶ
ۡ
ٻû˵꣬׿Ѿ̲סЦ
սѪӤТڣҲǸ̼һѵˣ⼸ȴδѪӤĥӡû뵽Ϊ˰£ҳŵɡ
ǼƺҲͷĻɫ䵭
龰ٸæˮϣһܸɣڤֹϵ׽½죬صС
٣٣ʲô˼
ˣһվҾǸɽ˭֪ǱĹϵж׽һԸңĻǱıǿɲġ
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ˣˣϹĿٸæ׼õ򣬵˹ȥֻл˿˿ᣬϣҲ̼Ҿһ洫似
ˣҪġһ˳һȥм似ָ׵ͼ似ǿˡ
ӹ򣬲ٲɴϲл׿һɻмͼڤȺ«ʲôҩ
ϣ֪Ըҵ£ҪҺ˳֣
ûٵõڤȵʹͣСѯʵʱҲеϸ
һЦһ˿м֮ɫЦūţ±ȡ𣿺ߣģڤȵˡ
ڤȲǲֱӳôٺû϶ǵĲмֻǾ
һ⣬ϵͲµһӣںڷɽ
ڷɽ
׿һвһһ˿Ϣûס
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Ѫ
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ҲͻıըֹסΣѪӤɹѡ
ٺ׷ŵϵĲҾɲոգʲô
ҡҡͷɫȴԽأҲ֪϶ħ֮


24 ٴͻ
ݣ
ڵҹɫ£һ飬˿ջ׿ڣ˲굽
³һ׿˫ۣ°ҡҿѪӤܵÿ죬ȻǱͺͷ߸˲ɡ
û뵽ڲ̼ҾȻǿߡȻҲߵΪ˸ĸоȴ죬Ȼʵ֮¡
һѪӤ٣ѪӤ˫ޣȻҲ෴ǣѪӤԱҲΣΪѪӤǿѪӤˡ
üӽǿʵɡ׿°
ʱ˿̣ᵽΣٽȻĿǰڤȺǱһʱƽȣǺڷɽĽҲΪһʱҾΣˡ
ĿǰҪģڴս֮ǰѪӤߵ͹ǾʱǿߣҲһս֮
뵽׿æĿ˹ѪӤصЩԪѪ
ʱ䣬ѪɫĺСһһɫŽĿӿȥЩľۼؿǰǸ󶴣漣Ŀʼϡ΢Ҳʼǿ
ʱĹؿڵѾĻ¸û˻ոԱ
ƣ׿ӽ˹ѪӤصԪһһγɺɫһԼĵﴦһַѪӤΪ
ʮֵԪһһ׿ܿͻ˾صƿسء
ۣ
һı죬׿ѪӤ˫˫ͻƵ˾ء
׿´ϲʵԾҲ̫ˣǰͻƾʱɻʮգͻء
ǵҪͻƵʱѪӤصԪȴȻĽߡ
˿׿ЩδһͻأȻ㡣
̧ۿ򴰿ڣɫѾ΢΢չһ½ǺȥڷɽҪˣΪһȫıѳС
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׿򿪷ţǻδǰͨһһĪĽϡϸһֻ˯ε
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ȵȣ˵һҹţ׿вһ
һ˿ΣʲôҲû˵ת뿪ˣֻĲƽʱȴ쳣١
ʱͳ׿Ȼɴϲ׿ֵܣû̫ˡֲ֪֪̫ˡСһֱǰţʲô¡ףأ
ˡ
׿ӣȴǰδеһܰС
ħ
׿ٴΰһħôΪһŮô¾͸ж϶ǸСūħ
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ɴСǡ
İɣǼ£û˸ҶǽǱĻ׿һ̣аЦ
ͳһŷӦһĴָ׿Ŀ˳羴֮ɫȻ׿ƻԣΪǱǱƣ׿һġ
׿ܼңķˡ㲻ܼң˭ܵأǰɨԺŻŰ
Цһ׿ͳļҡҡͷ
ǰǸˣ治ҡ
һӺ󣬶ǱͥǰվſڵǵǶˡֻһΣǶһ׿ǣϹ
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Цһ֪׿ǳ𣬸æǰ۲ʶ̩ɽ֪ǴˣܳɽһĹʸأ
ߣۿ˵ͣ׿Цһͳֺ˽ȥֻĵ޵ҪȴǹһЦ
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𣿡ͳһؿ׿
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С㣬Ǳ˴͵𣿡
ߣҲˣüͷһŭĿӣǣ䵱ǵĿ𣿡
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׿ᣬȴֲмζȫܵˡڼһֱǱĿ飬ûӹ仹Ǹͬˡ
׿˵˭̫ˣ
㣬С㣡׿΢΢һЦⳡϣ֮ĹϵǿơǱˣ߳ŭ棿֮£ǸܵѾͱĶࡣ֪ƺûж˵ʲôˡҿҲһʵ´ôˡ
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ǴҵѧϰģңǶ˵츳ȴίΡͬⷬ츳ȴΡ
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ﲻ㣬ؼġ׿Щã۾ЦЦǷ˽Թ̸Σ˳֤һ츳
룬΢΢ͷ
ʱһȣһϵ𣺡׿Ϸ̸ɡ
תͷȥֻܵͬ»ܿ׿вһɫ
죬׿ԱȴûһһƶûУȣƳ㡣
ѵ˵һҹ֮ƺôôܣ
ү˸𣿡ûеľ죬׿ЦЦ
ҡҡͷЦһǺǺǡϷ̸һУĻЩ֡Ϸĵϸ֪ǸʮޣΪĸǧֲҲɡ
̵ģ㱻ˣ
׿ȻʧЦڰֵүˣܸүȣ
ϻ˵ͻȻɫһ࣬ʲô
ҴլԺΪҰ֪֮үкκõطƼ
ӣŵϷΪҪ㣿
ܼ򵥣ǱǷǵģҡ׿һЦĵҲǼǲǣ
ͫһ´󾪡
Сǰ˵˼͸ˣԴӳȪɱһºǱ˱֮СڤȵĹϵҲΪ΢֪ʱῪս
ҸһأΪǱĹϵû˸ҶңȴҲҿȥǡҲһãͻҵս
Ѵ㽫ȫɾʱ׿ȴͻȻ֣˵ⷬⲻŵַֹ
Сʲô⣿
û뵽ڽսϼһᱻһСŪڹ֮䣬һֱ͸ƣоǳˬ


25 󷨴ʦ
ͷƺԥ֮ɫ׿һЦɣҳԿһ鱨ǡ
ߣʲô鱨ܱȵùǱ𣿡Դһм
΢΢һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡֪Ǳ鲼£èè·֪ģҲǲ֪顣
ƲƲ죬ԲţҲǵҡҡͷֻţһֻ۽׿۾ࡣ
ⷬ˵žǲмһˡ׿⼸յΪȴǸ̫𺳡ò˵һһУӡ
˵
аһЦ׿֪ڤѾ𣿡
ʲô
һžг
Կ֮ѷֺأٳǱǱרҲפأ൱ƣҴս
ȻӵĴ治УȪǱҲȥܡǼ峤ϵǿȴפҪõҵͬ⡣
׿˵ҷڴ̽һȻǵı鲢֪ͷĴڡ
ⲻܣٳǵһֱҸû˿ҡҡͷ쳣ص
ߣģһǺǡݺݵ׿
ֻţһֱ׿ʲô֤ݣ
Цҡҡͷ׿û֤ݡ
㲻Ϲ˵ôһ˦֣׿һĵİۡ
׿ʧЦһ˵òǸͺͷٺļϣ
ͺӥ򷲣
ͻȻһֻ͵һȫֹסͷųǿƱƵ˶ɵϢһͣˡ
ãƽ
׿ڴڵشŴ²һݡոŵг˳ɱ⣬ĶΪ֮һ
үͷй᣿׿̽
ֹǹᣬһֻ۾Ǳٵġû˵̾
ԣ׿ﲻˡ޳ԹȻޣǾ͸ðˡ
үڰ׿̾ҡҡͷ
˰֣кһţˣȻ˵òĻϷ㡣һԺӣȥɡ
лү׿һȭ΢΢һ̣ͳȥǻû߼ȴִɭɭĻ
СӣϹģ
ͣ²׿̼ңڿҡ
֪ˣŵͷ˫ȭĹǱ׿뿪󣬲ܣ崫ţǶЩҲҪ򷲻뿪⣬ڼ䣬ǰǸԺӣסңҲǳʲô£üˡ
壬ԷڤȳϣҴսҲ޷ˡܿһۣǵ
ߣοعأϷĵ̡ϷҪŻȥͶԲϷ򶪵ֻ۾
ܼȰ˵޹ֻð̾һȥˡֻ뿪һɲǣŷŭĴЦ
ڶ峿׿˴ӿջŸṩԺСǱдԺ䣬ǰĹׯֻСȫõԺӣû֮һ
һֱҵĸߣõϢϻ
һʱ䣬פǱ´˴С˶֪Ǳ󲻽ҵĴɽҶҼΪأҲܸһרԺӣȫǱ
̼Һҵ֪󣬸ҵʱûдӦϵҪ󡣷εĻ˭Ҫ˺ңǱŪɡ
̤ǸԺӵһ̣˲䱻ڹΪǷٳǵĵһ壬ͷֱֱǹԭȵĲ̼ҺңȻֻĸˡ
Ժס𣿡
ǸԺӣѱ㱻ǻֺԺ𾪣Щһڣ岽һڵĻǾϵĸ֡жʮڸǸĸо·ĸһԶǶ͹Ǿϵĸ֡
ǿݣҲֻҲõó֡
ƺͳҲǲɿôˣͳǱڶֵǿסˣƺǳ˺档
ӣպؽңһ֧Ķɺã׿ͳļЦ
ԣͳҡҡͷκһҪǿܳΪеһԱͲˣĸĸְ
˵ȴɢϣĹâ
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Դ֪Ǳ׿˺׿û˺ɫθλͳʣءֻǳɵͳ졣ȰǣһСͲҪˡ
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С㣬еĪ⻰̫˰ɡ
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֪жǾ֮ܣûиħʿǴʥ·ģ۹Ҳѣ˵Ǳˡ
׿
ƺǿ׿ŭ䣬üͷ塣ԷϾǱˣ˼ңǧܵ
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С㣬鷳ʯһá׿
΢΢һ㶣֪Ҫʲôǰһöָݸ
Ͻָ׿һ̧ߵݶ²쿴һ
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һҡҡͷ૵ģϲ³çôô¡
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ֻʱһۿɼĽǻ𣬽ԺΧ
㡭㵽׸ʲôͰ͵ص
ȫȥ׿ؽָѣС㣬ոҼֻʽ±СİȫС˽ԾΪ弶ʽ󣬷˲ʯС𷣡
ʲô弶ʽ
׿Ļܲ࣬ȫסˡ
弶ʽ۹ûм˻᲼Ҳ˲šСӣȻͲ˸弶ʽ
ѵ˵弶ʦ
Ŷ𾪵ģ֪׿ڹǣҲ˳˼˵׿ҲǵһμóûСƢҲǺܹɡ
뵽ѰЦһȻ׿ܼңδŲôʯܷһƬͲˣ߰ɡ
ʲôܷи弶ʦ壬ҲҪ߸߹˭ҷ
һʱ䣬ͬһֻӬܡ
ţ׿ͬ£ֺȥԱ߸ͬ𾪣ȴҲ͵Цͳƺ
ֻܶζӳ°㣬վԭء
ôҲ뵽ԭΪֻƣʵص׿Ȼ弶ʦ
һƫƧС壬ô˲š


26 
ݣ
ƿ죬һӰȻڶǰ˿ʱȴšʱ˿̣һֻ۳˼Ĺâ
ո˭󣿡
ǡ
˱˴˶һۣҹܼң׿
ʲô
ŲһתȥܱߵʱȴԽԽ𾪣󷨴ңÿʽΪ˽⣬Ҫͨز֪оϡһͲֻܲʽСС˲䲼弶ʽ
ŷ·ܶˣַ·˼ˣοЦһҡҡͷ
׿֪ʲôˣʱʱͻЩ춯ص㲻òŷӵܣڽ쿴׿¶ôһֺҲٲС硣
ȥСӽŶϷҪú̸һ̸ΧһͻȻ
һȭȥˡһСԺ԰һͤУһ裬ʯϡһ󹤷򣬱׿ܶ
׿ϵܣһ棬űЦһ˸ơ
󣬲һ㶡
׿ϵܣ
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֪Ÿʲô£׿ҲԼһҼΪ޳ܵӦ˸ոŵǸֵܳƺ
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ˣȴǴϲΪһ˵ĹϵǸ׽ˣҲ˵
׿ϵܣȻѾƺһŸ磬ϸͲĨˡʵ˵ɣϵܲ弶ʽͺαСءǱɣϸ籣֤йĴˣҲͿ
һܱ˴˿һۣû뵽ô׿ҪǱĹ
ǿǱߴλڳ֮ϣǱǿʵһδɵĻëСӣƾʲôܵΣ
һ룬׿Ȼʵֻоȴ弶ʦκһȥԹ֮
ŽȥǶǱ洦
΢΢һЦ׿û˵һڲ㡣
ʵ֮ǰȻŵͼܹ弶ʽ˲ţ۹˭˲˭˲᣿Ǽ˻ʵۣǻʵҲҪʿ
ֲʱѾϵ
׿ϵܣأ׿һֱ𻰣ٴʵ
һ֣׿һЩûɡ
Ȼû⣬ֻҪǱģʲôԡŴһӣƵص
Ҷ˲ˮϴůҲûඣ׿һָЦ
ԣʱͨһƬ˫ĿһɣŭΡҲεҡҡͷСԡ
ǺǺǡҲЦѾиС㣬ѵҪһ𣿡Цһ׿оһͻȻҪҽܡһƽ
׿˵仰ʱһһ٣ΪϿҡ
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һֱŭⷬҲؿһۡ
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Цŵ˵ͷ׿豭һ衣
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Цһ׿ͻȻؿһǰ룬һԥشӦҸղģڡ
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ʮʱ䣬ʹһС峬ԽңǸǲܵ顣弶ʦҲܣҵĵ̲ױԽ
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Сով˵ʲôһ⣬ˡΪ׿ɫϿȡ֣ոһʲô£Ż˷ŭ
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ǡո˵ģܳɹܳһ£૵
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ǰǲһλ弶ʦˡֱ̾ҡͷ
һ棬׿뿪Ǻ󣬾ֱȥһ·ϣ˼ǧ
ôõĻᣬбǱҰˣħҲͿԽ⿪ˡǣȴˣֻΪһ仰
ΣߣζǾֻܰˡ
ħУе˶Լġ׿˵ʲôΣĻ
ԣһҪ֤һӲдС壬Ҳе۷һ졣ʱ˿̣ѲΪ˳ȥħΪħ
磬ûʲôܣңɱ֮Ҳ졣
һ죬ҪǵļǿңֻҪħ׿һڣûʲôǲܵġ

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ѡƺͳ춼һƺǲµʲôԵЩԥǹ׿үʲô£
ҵǱ󹩷׿
ԣ϶һȻ࣬ǿջЦǹϲ㰡Ǳܱȣһǰ;
ʵ뵽׿弶󷨣Ȼҵ׿˲ţСסġ
һ˵ӣ׿һ̾ʲôҾܾˡ
ʲô
ԣ˲һиȴϲΪʲô
ûΪʲôһطˣûлشǣ׿תȥֻʧǰ˶ӣС㣬ԺҲܴС¶Ԥ
һ㶣ص˵ͷǰҲôôͻȻ˵仰
ţִ׿·ַ·Ƕ˵ġ
ӽԺҾҵĴܼҡʮڣҪҳԽǱ󣡡
䣬׿ʧӰֻڵأþûز


27 ץŮɽ
֮ʮڣǱСԺڶҲ׿ӰֻǣҲټ档
˷˺׳׿ƴԼڷڣ˭Ҳֻҹʱ֣ŻųѪӤȥʳǿߵԪ
Ŀ꣬ǲ̼ҡ
ʮ̼Ҽ൱ƣǼҵĻÿ춼ڼ٣һʬ޴档ǲǵңǱԸǡ
ΪҲֻҲôֲʵ֪ؽҵĻһһĨɱΪ˲һֱĵһҹͶڱɪɪһʧģԼ
£µǵʱ̡ڲ̼ҸӾֲֿĵȴУꡣ
ʱҲ뵽ȥڤȳ棬һڤԴӵõǼҵ洫似󣬱̬ȴ䣬ȫǵ
ⲻòٶڷʹħȻɿȴ޿κΡ
һУ׿Цġ
ң׿ҲѪӤȥ˹ΣǶϾиפüζ㱻֡գмǿƳ֣׿ҲͲȥˡ
ֻѪӤſڼһˡ
һգһѪӤʳ˲̼ʮԪȥһȦǱСԺɻء
ǣҪСԺʱһ˿ɲϢȴסĿ⡣ڷ׿üͷһ壬ָʹѪӤ˿ϢѰȥܿ죬СԺһһӳ
ķСԺλá
ߣǱĵ̿û˸Ҽӣһȵİɣڷɽ˵ˡ׿һ̣૵
ǵõ͵̸ݣζҳֵģǲ̼һңǿ˶ûйϵĺڷɽɽ
㣬ұڷɽˣҲڤûйϵֻǣһȺɽҪιǱСԺ
㵱ʱҹׯ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ָʹѪӤĸǸ˱ΪѪӤϢʵ̫أ˸ûз֡
۲һƺѾ˽תȥıһֱһֻɫѪӤ
ֱʱǺһҿջǰѪӤ塣
ৣ
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С㣬̽ôδڣСǵһյ裬ĵ
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Ǻʱ׿һһСŮ˼СԺȥ


28 
ݣ
׿һֱһƯŮӻصСԺСǱˣ΢΢һ㶣Ϊλ׿ܼѾʮ첻Ӱˣű¶˻Цݡ
е˸Ǵ٩׿ܼңˣ
þ׿ֿһϵ֦չŮˣüͷ壬һӵİۣ뿪ˣûһȴţ˶һ
֪ǶԼ׿ҲںŮ˽Լķ䣬Ǻݺ˵ϣһأð
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Ȼ֨һذھ׿һ״ͣǺŮӾٴνԭء
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УòҪǰ¶Цһ׿öذ״ӺŮÿȻֿ˿ǰ͹̵ĽЦˣϲỹʲôΣյĶɡ
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쵰ҧгݵŭ
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ˡ
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䣬Ŷ룬ƺͳ졣һ龰˲侪ˡ
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ҡҡͷ׿֪˭Ͳô˵ˡ
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һǺڷɽ϶С塣ҪԸǵĻѴ֮ͿˣαضôһȦء
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ʦǺˣƭǵġСһԴ
û׿ֻãܹɽҸ˼ʮĹܼҲ߷ΪӦɵҵڤȴϹϵ׹Ϊδޣ˽𣿡
سһþ׿һ˵о˲ʡḧŻƵÿ׿΢΢˵ͷ
Ȼ˼ѾѴ似ƸԼ¼ôɵ㣬ûɾܾңڷɽĵ̣׿ֻһˣҲ㲻ʲô
Ӧ׿ص˵ͷһȴεؿһȿȿȡ׹С

ʱ˿̣òŷӦ·ղѾǰܼҸ˺ˣֻܸæһЩ鲽ס塣
ǺС뽫׿Ƴ⣺
һŹסŮһۣЦǺܿʶû֮ǰǻǵˣֱ
ʱ׿׹ס´ζഩ㣬Ҳܶһ
ԣô壬ðŷŭĻ棬ͨ졭


29 Ǳڷɽ
С䣬һλŮһ˲С
Ůĸòһһ䷼磬÷ơް߰ף°һɽǵȴʱо
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仰뵽ƽദ£²ɳһ¡
׿æվվ˶֮䣬Сֵܣɣĺó˰

һŭһƴ׿ܹظоƷҶ㣬ֻһҧӲһơ

ûʹκ似ǳ͹ǾȴǽʵʵشĿڣʱ㽫ʮԶ۵һ³һѪ
ξͲˣִˣ
׿ŵ棬ѵվһѪϷⶼһˣɰסưҲˣɽȻ
˵ʲô
һŭٴξƣȴü
λģҪȴҡ
ߣ㰮ξΰɡֽҪǰʦλˣҾŹ㡣һ˦䣬ŭȥٿһۡ
öپЩίŭ׿ߣһۣΪ㣬ʦˡԭͲ㣬ʦ常˹ģôܺ常
׹常ûʶ𣿡׿ǵѪЦҲԣԼŵˡ
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ˣҪ˵ʲôҪô
׿һ̣аЦոΣǲҵʵ֮̽󣬾ʵãˡ˵常Ǻǻ
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ڣȥʱƺ޵Цݡ
ѵ˵
뵽òȥˡΪȥĿܻʹҲƲסԼȥ
ʱǶ˾ͶҪˡ
һп׿վļ򣺡߰ɣҿ常ˡ
ƭӣϷˣȥòƲƲ죬ѾЩʡ
׿ʧЦһνʼ磺ϷҲҪȫסңϷûء
һ䣬׿ֱȥϡȻǰ棬Ը龰
һ·Χ˫۾ڶǡ
ʱ˿̣þȻеЩĿ˲ڡƽ羴Ŀ⣬ʱȴһ˫˫ӵ۾
ɽǰ߽ȥֻжһ࣬һһ׵ιʳϲܶˡ
ƭӣʦҪʲôأΨʡ
ݺݷϣŭص˶һۣһԣó˴ͷλá
׿°Цһ˴ǰ쿴
ȻָֻϣԪ쿴ȴ΢΢һ㶡ţ㶼Ȼˡ
ʦûˣ׿ҡͷԣĵ
η˸۶мһߣ⻹˵
ʦҲûˣ
ͫ΢΢һ׿֮ʱ˫ֲ˽
Ϊ׿ֻǾΪûʲô£û뵽ͷû˺ˣѵ˵
ʱ䣬ɱһ
ûˣҲûˣ常λ᲻ԣÿɲ׿ϣһֱΪϷϷҲҪݵһɡ
ʲô˶ûУôһ׳Ķ͹ǾֻͻȻӣ
׿ӣ¶ĪЦݣʦĲ֢ϷѾѰã壡
ž
أȻ䣬һǱӲϡϵǸˣ׿ȴǺݺݵصɴ۾ƴҪ˵ʲôȴ˵
Ǽ֮飬Ա


30 ɱ¾
һɺԣ
ڵ׿ǰһѽֱһü˲һ㶣Ϊ˴ķӦ
ʦ֣ôˣ
۾Уתͷãʦãǲʲôң
һسһ£ȻݺҡҡͷЦôأ
һжǲһаĻȣʦãദôãɴѵġ
ǵȻ
֪ôЦ⣬þͻȻеһΣոϮָоͷ·һעһʹԾ
һЦһȻ֮ɫʦãѾСأ
ȥ飡ýͰ͵ص
Ŷ
ȻԵõص˵ͷһ̣жâһಡһһƻûûӦ㱻صشؿڣɳȥ
һѪߣӭƮ
ţڴͷһ͹һĵ̳һ󶴣õʱ档
׿ˣװܾæȥȴۼֿ죬һѾץסĲӣһ˦ҲӽǸȻٴΰأǸڻ𡣵ָֻƽ·´ûжѨһ
ϵ˿Ŷ壬ȫȴ޿κΡ

ˤڵĶѨȫʹǾʱһһ䡱һϣʹֲɵ³һѪ
û뵽Сӻ»ء׿ץץµ૵浹ͦġ
쵰ϴȥ
ͻȻһ̶ļдڣ׿¿ȥŷſõϡֻ֣ɲɵغݺѹء
һ׿æεǸ⡭
ͨ죬ȴûйٸƽϡʱ˿̣һС
վŭԭеһڸ

ϷżӲʯ壬ĴЦʦãλɽҾ;òԣһʲôƷʦȻѾʼˡ
Ϊʲôô常㲻ñ߽ӣ
һЦҵ˱ҵĿģͷҪԭһô֣û뵽ƫƫôһʦҴơ
ʲôҲŹ
ԣỺ¡һѪ̲ס³ⲻΪոյһƣĶϳ
׿һԿţҡҡͷû˿ܹ˭ֻܹԼѡϷȫף׿ȻǸƭӵĽɫ
СֵܣʲôԹԼˣ޹İҰɡ
ԣʧЦһ
ǺǺǡƭӣûʲô͵Ļɱɱ㶼νϧ˭ϳͷĲأ
ʲô򰡣ҾǾ겻ڶٻ̫࣬峦Եİ׿ޱίذŵ;ǳڷԣαء
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ƭӣװǻƣӵĴ¡ŭһݺݵصȥ£ٻʰ
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ιСֵܣװǻҲдϻ췹ԵĲһιŹҰɣ޹ġ
׿ֽ˼ǶûлӦȷ뿪ˡ
ת׿ãֻ̱ڵأȴ͸ˡϾָԼδһգ۱Ϊ˲ĳˡο˿Ծ鵽ԥɱԼĸŮϣ
ؿһۣ׿Լ°ϵǴɽĵǴСľͦģԺǵԽ¾飬ֹ˦һΡ
ߣԺܻܲųȥ⣬Ժ󣿡ûһۣ
Цһ׿ŵЦݣһжϷƻ£İɣǾܳȥˡȻҪѰĻھͿԾѾûüֵˡ
ݺݵصһۣŭҲһ汳
׿ЦЦÿɷҡҡͷ۾ҹĽ١
죬ٿǲ֪ô׿һ龹Ȼת࣬ʹĸоҲڽ䵭

ҹ¸߸ߵعƿգڷɽϵɽߣֻʮ
ضѨڣ׿ʯϣͻȻ˫Ŀ¶һ˿аЦûſڵϣ˯š
ûг׿˹ָһһ˼£ͻȻ˳׿ǰ
ǣѪӤ
㵱ôЭ飬׿Ҳȫ׼һǿסС䵱ʣѪӤʼմڡ
κ춯Ͻ
Ҷһֱϣʱ˿̣ѪӤȴиá
ͬʧյĺͯͻȻҵ˸һѪӤ׿쳣ǣʱĦһ׿΢΢һЦͻȻֳɱ⣬ָһָ
ͨѪӤȫ˼̻Ϊһȥǲʯ˿סĲ˲䴩
ҹɽ֣쳣žɽڣΡ
ͻȻһӹ˲ǵ壬ȥǻ΢Ц֪ʲôεԴأȻһᣬûϢ
ѪӤٶȼΪֲֻһһ֮䣬ӹӶʮˡɳȥûһϢ
㣬ѪӤɱڷɽϢش˵ɽڵڡɽھְصš
ݣ
һ⾶ֱһڣһɴ󾪣ʲô굽ȥˡ
һ㶣֪ʲô£׿ȴأȻڷ򿪻أǷų
һ㶣˴˶һۣ´󾪡Ϊαڻ˵ڷ
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ȻһǱŵɫɷף촽˵
ʱ׿ٴδ𣺡򿪻أǳ
дžԲݾܾɫʹһڵأʺ
ү𼱣Ͼȥſǻ
ۿԼͬ˲仯Ϊɻң˭ŵĵ顣ǰ˻ء
¡
ͷϵʯ建ƿº͵ĹâѨ
ñǹâ̵ѹۣͷʯѿٿԣ׿˫ֻؿĵĻ͸ɡ
˵ţһ˳ȥ
ñھ棬׿ģһĻоͲߣôƫ
䣬Ҳһ˳ȥ


31 ̶ѩ
˶ƽصɽķڣ˸æģλүС㣬ǷҰɡҲǱկŶǻ쵰Ƶġ
ûûŪô£׿ǻ˻֣˵һߡ
һæͷɪվһԡ
Ȼ׿ͷĴǰͷһϣ׿Цһҿ԰κã֮ҵġ
ԣòһһؿ׿κ常
ûȥ׿ֻǽߵ۾
˫Ŀɲƺԥ׿֪ڵʲôЦЦģҲ˺Լ˵¡ҽ׿ҹܼҡйͬĵˣȱһ͹Ǿ֣ϣܰҡ
һˣǹܼң˵ͻȻһĹâֻ۾ݺݵգգ
׿һ̣֪ӦˣָһѪӤɽڷɳǰ
һâ¶ļɵ֮ɫϾâ˲佫һ˻ΪҽĶ
üˣҲһΪҲԹĿǸæе׿Ҫʲô
ˡ׿Ƴһۣ
ǡⶫ𣿡ɻ֮ɫϾ׿ʹʱģַ֮ȴ޷
ȷѪӤսõģõģĻ常λô죿
׿ЦһҡҡͷС㣬常Ѿˣ˺õô鷳𣿡
ңʲôõǵؿһֵۣ
ħ
ɫһ࣬׿ħһ㶼ħǹǷħﶼҪá֪ǰΪʲô˵ͷ壬Ͷǳ𣿡
ҡҡͷһɻ󣺡㲻˵ǶϹµô
ۣ
׿ûһѪ֪ΪλˣɵĿԡʱǺŪģҲţô˷ĵ뿪
һ죬صͷȥ
常С˵ʲţ컹ǵһ˵Դ
֮Զǳ֣Ϊ˵ʹ׿ɫ࣬ŵͷ֮ԲԣΪħ壡ҲҪҵħȥħ
ԣƺˣЩǣħεħ𣿡

ͻȻ׿Ц·һȫЦЦ
ǰϣħﲻƵĹƳ֮࣬ħ²ĶħǱѪӤϹʮ۶ɵħôᲢۣ
ûĻ£
׿ȥýָͣһѪӤߵڡ
ʱ䣬ߵȫͻȻʼ䶯ǧСǺܿ죬һѸӹ
֮ĳӾû䶯ĺۼ
żʮĹѪӤٴηɳص׿ڡˣ˶ָͷ΢΢ţ˺Ļáö
常˵ˣ
üˣæܹȥץס˵֣£ѡ׿ȴüͷ૵ͷʱڲܶѪˡҪָҲһأʱڰﲻæ̵ģ׾ˡ
׿СǱһֲ˶С
ŭתͷúݺݵ׿һۣģ常Ƿ飬øҲỹϣԿġ
ÿɷʼ磬ҪǶ͹Ǿ֣һڶ͹Ǿżǻ򲻹ˡ
ȻʱոպתȴͻȻȫ鴤ţﻺһȫѩ׵ĳӣֳ̣һ䶯

һһǳӵӺأȻȼһŭ
ԭ㺦常ⷬģģݺҧҧȫƴʢָ׹ǳӺݺݴȥ
ס֣
ͻȻ׿һץסĸ첲һȥȴֻĪľ⡣
ʲôֺ˵Ķﲻɱˣ
㶮ƨ
׿һ䣬һСӣǳСװ档ͬʱƳԼξѪ˽ȥŸϺиǣش˻
û뵽˴κڷɽ֮лôջ
˳Ǻ̶ѩϣڼ̶ˮ֮УΪϡСԼ׳֮һʱûҵ˥߶
Ǻ̶֮ôදԴ󲿷ѩϣǳúˣֻշתڲ֮ͬ䡣
ħ֮ˣΪƲϣΪӵħʹáΪܶ඾棬ɹƳ档ڴħУ̶ѩһƳһֻǱȽټѡ
ʥҲ̶֪ѩиԵ츳ǱһǼҪҪȥһκΰ취޷롣
ոѪӤħ󻯾׳һһΪڼʧŲò˳ȻĻǽͷһ𻯵򼴱ѪӤҲԶ뽫ѩ
ոѪӤ֮Կ԰׳Ҳ˲䷨ʹѩϲµ׳棬ʧȥѩӦеԣΪһƳ޶Ķ
ǣȻⱦ׿ͻὫƳֲħ
뵽׿¶һ˿аЦ󳩡˿ȴһݣ׿Ǳаֲ
ͷǻطٳǡ
׿һۣתɽǰ¶ϵЦݣлǴ˻ء
ŵҡҡͷǿһ˿΢Ц
Ȼû˵ৡһ׿ǯǺݺסĲӣѾûˡ
Ҫ
øֹѾˡɫ׿Ȼܳȫһ̵׿һ˱㡰䡱һ˳мɢһء
һμ׿ɱˣóˡ
˭뵽׿־Ȼ˿ֲȫʬ뵽⼸һֱһôµ˴һõбأȻĿ־塭
߿һУͫҲ̲סһ߽ʮľ飬׿ǰҲĵ㾪ĸо
ÿ常һۣأڲ֪׿ֵǶǴǣһǿ϶ġΪУúܲң
̾ñ常ȥ
һ·ϣɽկڵʬ塣ÿһ˶ʮְȥûʹı飬İ꣬öиӾ塣
ɽկ뻹İˣǾôϢʧȥҲûͶ޹ߴڡ
żžڵҹɫǰֵǰѾԻĳ˫Ŀᡣ
׿емǺڷɽկȻµÿ쵶ն顣Ǳߵ©˷ôֹɽϵֵΣգٳǵĵҲᱻȫڡ
ԣ׿ôҲȥġ
ڣԿڣ´ֵǵɱѾĴмˡ
׿ܼңлл˳صòһ㶣׿ȴ˵ģȴȻɫž޲
ǰǸȵıӰ˵мȼɵ̾
㡭Ǹɴµġˡ


32 ܲ
ʮպ׿öǱǱСԺڡ
һһأ±ȥˣҶǰ׿ķԸס˳ЩڷɽɽǿͶˡ
ЩɽٳٲڤǱҲû취ж
صСԺܶ׿ֻ˰һ䷿䣬űȥȥˡ
һӺһСڣСһͻȻ򿪡СۺܵߣС㡣
ǰۣù˹СӣЦɵѾͷûΪɡ
ҡҡСɵԴС伤Сģҵ˳Ǹ׿Ļܼ⣬˶ͦõġ
ȿȿȡСѾͷ˵˻Ҳܵű潲Сʰ㡣
ţ׿룬ͳƺСĻ󣬶͵Цѡ
ƺͬеصСѾͷ군ˡ׿ϲƨɣҵСĿӱǡ
ԣС䲻һæֻСֽקſӡ
׿η۶ѵСһһɷѸͳһۣЦȴǱܰ
׿һأ˺μӡԲãǷǳӡǶ˶׿һʼҲûøСദŷ׿ˡ
ǡѣ
ȻһЩѰȥֻһλĺߣһؿѡţֿƺô㡭ƺˣ
챣ӣֵӶȻ
ǰ֪ǡѿˣɻ
׿ֻǼæλڷɽɽҪŪ׺ڷɽҵĹϵΪλͬʱڤȸϡһ·ϣ˵
龰æܵλǺڷɽɽҲǻׯǰɽ졣
ʲô
ԣѲһɫׯϣһֳŨŨɱ⣬ȫԪҲֹסɢ
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һֻ֣˽˫ĿᣬǿŤ壬ͨһǰ۾ѣҵ¶ҵĴͶɱϷɡ
常
ɽ
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׿°ͣͷۻ軨ңŵҵı硣ɱҲӦɡ
η۶׿߼޷ܡ
Ȼ˵Ҳеǹԭȴ̫ǣǿˣѿɲǸǨŭ˵ˡοͷĻУƺ׻ԨԴ
ǸæǰҲܺߣⲻܹ
ְ˰֮ȴҶϷԲ֮顣ĨһеᣬʹŤ
һһƺ󣬼ҲãҡҡͷżʵǰΪҴδأ
һ΢ƽ飬ĵ壬Ϸȴǳɽܸʵֻ㸸һʣΪֵܡӰǱ㰵ң׼ѵ塢ΪС
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ͷ׼ûмҴ似׿ͻȻʵ
˵ͷ˵׼ҵ׵ͼ似ָΪϥӣԾʹöϧ洢似Ǹˡ
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׿һƣ·뵽ʲôͶˣǳġ
ţ㼱߳ȥһ
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Ÿ磡׿һߣһߺѰŵڡ
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ߣǳȥϴαι˯ĸˡ۶Ц
Цһ׿ҡҡͷǺǺǡҲ밡ҿûСôСʵ˵ɣȥڤȵĶ򡣺ܿ죬ǾͻͻϮǱ󣬵ʱûѹ㣡
ߣţڤЩ˵ܱ֪ţܷ졣ƲƲ죬мЦЦ
εҡҡͷ׿װתֻ뿪ǰȻת壬˵Ҵҳȥ㣬Ǳڤȫǣǡ
˵꣬׿̤ߡ
ҪǶ㲻ɣôӲţǰǵ
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׿ӣ죺СʲôõģǸ弶ʦôȻô
Цһ°ѴŹϣο˿
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һ棬ûԼĲ׿ֱȥʮ־޴ȱӡ
ʱֻһŸߴϣЦеؿԼıͬڷͬӡֻȴǱ׿ֻܿߴα
ǺǺǡ׿ֵܣϷǺ£
ոǰЦǺܿ죬ǷЦݱϱɫϷҪ㣬˵ЩëƤС£Ϸɾġ
ӣ׿ÿɷЦЦڤȵĸѾϵϱҪͻϮǴ»С£
ģȻ£
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33 ķ붯
֨֨֨
ӻת̶ȫתֻϸһߡ
һλͷ˿˫۱ͻݵÿһָᷢĹǱһ˫ͫʱнһ˵ĺ
һλͷ췢ɫ죬֮ƳԶ³ϢǰĿʼŤƺȼŻ棬ϢɢŨȸС
ֻһۣ׿㿴˵ʵԶʤšһѾ˽֮壬һҲϵļߡ
ɿ˵ʵǾվӦѾԶˡڷףܹվ磬ѾǴ½һǿߡ
治Ǳ󣬾Ȼǿ򡣡׿°޵
׿һۣǽĵǸϾ޲ڵС׿
ǣ׿һ
˵Ǹ弶ʦٴʵ
˵ͷ׿ûͷǰ̫ԣǹЩ弶󷨣ֻ벻λǰķۡ
ǺǺǡ弶ʦǱҲǹֻǳϡˣǻҪ㹧мءҡͷʧЦһӲ
ʱ췢ߴιСӣϾ˵˿ĺܣȻԣҪһļʮڸҡոռ㣬һһŸĺϾţȷ˿ûӡǼôһųˣ
һЦ׿ÿɷصҺ;Ÿ棬֪ĵߣȴǵһμ
ԣǶ˲һ㶣вһɫ
Ƕ˶ƤŭСӣԭǿ·һΪ˭ôأԭֻϷһ˿񣬼ľήˣ
ٺٺ٣ҶԾŸΪҰѾŸ統ԼˣŸؿǰһʶ֮ˣҸô
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СӹȻϾԣϤģƨźۼⷬϾлΪһǰҲ˼Сһƽˡ
Сӣϲ췢ߺЦҲǵ˵ͷЦſ׿֪ǱϷǽ²ɣǺǺǡ
ЦŹ˹֣׿ȴǲмЦ
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36 һ˵

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ڣ׼ѾһλǿߣôڷɽӰȡȻ͹Ǿֻһ֮ֻҪһڴ½ϾҲǶ塣ûеĻǾֻΪĩˡ
ڣ׼ҿǷٳһ֦ˡ
׼֪ǡſ˶׿ǰԡ
찵̾һ׿ܼˣڻδ
ʲôҲϮˣ
һϾһֱΪЩڤȵѾǵˣû뵽
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ʱ䣬Һ׼ҵ˶ԴݺݵȥνطŰ۶֮ɫ
СסڡźݺݵصһۣŲԸر졣
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ԣ첻һ㶣űɬҡҡͷ˵ոͻûǸ׿ܼҡ
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Դת׿׿ӣǻ׿ܼô˿¶ˡ
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쿴˼еĿ⣬ǵ˵ͷüͷҡҡԴ
ʲô˼Ųɴ󼱣ƾֹסɢƵܵ˷׷׺ˡ
ε̾ЦǱСǺӣɱڤȳϿɲΪ۵ģֻԪľЩѶѡ
ôܣɱ壿ѾľϢ𾪵Ըӣڳݶʼɡô˵ģ

Ȼһ췢׿Ŷ԰ɫţŭߵǻΪ㣬Ÿ磿
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뾪Уо죬ϲãеǳӵɻ
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׿ŭһ۶ݺݵɨڳˣˣߴߴͣˣ
ԣ֮ɫ׷εصͷֻǱϣһɲؿ
Цһ׿תţŸ磬㲻֪ô˵𣿾Ϊ
˵ţ׿һӣһ׹һ߱ʬȻǰ
ǱλϿ̲סг
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41 ׽۵
򷲵ʬȻӲĿ־壬ȴȻÿʬˣзˣһݺ½ħͷʱ¶
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ʱ䣬˶˼ؿ׿ȻһʼѾµǶԸţħͷһСϡ
Ǳ׷£ѵ˰
֪ͷŸйᣬ˳ˡص˵ϱûеĻҳ׿ЦһŸ磬òҶ°ɡ
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Ŵڴڵش˼ڴ˫Ŀͨؿϵʬ壬ŭϹۣϷһɨءϷ޲Ѫ⣬أֵҳء
׿ֵܡ
ͻȻ׿֣һȭӽϷ㵱ֵܿõŸĵط㾡˵ǡ
ŸͼˣֵҲǾ֮Ͱˡ
׿ЦŰ˰֣ȴһǣ˿ڣ۵졣żˣæȥ쿴ֵܲҪҶŸƷ˵ҩº֮ڱȻȬ
˵ţóСƿ׿Ҳ⣬ֱӾȫˡ
˹еӣλҲȫĿתĶ׿жǾ֮ɫ˾죬ͬ򷭴̳Ӱܡ
ԭǴӼڤһˣ´󹦵ġλҲϲ񣬶ǴΪͣǸ׿ɱڤȣǵǵ㹦ͼֱөԣһᡣ
ߣ׿֪ʲôֶΣʲôʺˣŰװ׼ͷôɱ
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תƳһۣȻҡҡͷ峤϶һۺ̾˿
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ͬһ㣬λϲЦҡҡͷ
ף׿ɱ֣ǱȻҲʲôѰֶΣ˵ɱˣɱ
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Ͼţտ׿ֵƣפСԺҺȻȥܲˡҪ֪ͨС
Ȼͷһ㶣ôҲƺ׿Ϊֵˣ
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һϺ峤ϱ˴˿һۣǿЦõҡҡͷ
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˱˴˿˿˵ص˵ͷ㶼ʶȤ뿪ˣֻŲԵؿ׿֪Ҫʲô
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Դ۱󣬱ʵֻѻ飬Ҳһˡ
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Ѿ׿Լˣһֱĵ׵ܣһζ˽ֵܣ֪½յ𣿡
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ŵ۾׿֣صͷȴûȥ
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Ϊطֵġڶܵǳֵĵطͨһ˭ӲȥˣҲˡ
һǸµĽ磬ڲͨ£ŻҲڡ
׿ĵʵôģ
΢΢һ㶣ؿһۣͷֵܣȻûϷʱڣǡյ֮һϿ
ʱϷ룬ǵضףϷߵĸֵ׻УǻҷϷ򶼾һ亹ǹ־͹ڣ׻Ϸ۾ϷȻû£ֻ۾ʹ쳣һ㡣
׿˵ͷȫô¡
ݾħ۵ľ¼أ۵׽ۣͫɣͫ𣬵Ψͫᡣԣ׻ͫ첻˺
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ҲΪͫĹϵЩײٹˡ󣬵ʱֻһø׽ֻۡڽ۱ȡΪʱ֮Уǰڿ۵Ŀھǲˣպû취һֻˡ
˵ŲЩ꣬׿ȴ΢΢˵ͷ·ʲô
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׿ʱЦǼڴˣֻˣȻֿ˻


42 Ů
ų̸һ죬׿֪鶼Ū󣬹Ȼչһ£е
һڣ˭ֻƽľˡҩƲʮȬֻϧѪӤƸأֱʮŻָ
ܿ죬һʱҴҹȥ׿򿪷չһ½ǣΥʿˬңļڣıѪӤҲ׷ͻƵ˾صľ硣Ҳ̫
ֻڤȳϣһǿΪôװˣȴ̫ϧܵĻ뽫ֵԪͨͨ
ôڹƲֹǾأ͹ǾҲͻˡ
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ͻȻһŮľдС׿չس֣һ㶣űɫһϲתܵˡ
׿һĪֲԾԼաѵ˵Լչسʲô仯ôСһԼתܵˣ
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Ǻܿ죬ͨˡ
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ѾͷôˣôƢ׿üͷһɻ֣ͳʱȴֻӸһĪʹĪ

һ죬ѽʳкݺݷ׿ǰһЦ׿ܼңǱСΪģϣúñ塣
ѾһˣֲǷͰûҪôࡣ
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ݶһ
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ҿһǳɡ
׿תȥõʳУ¶˲õЦݡ
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׿˰֣ȳһõĲˡһ˫ˮĴ۾һֱȴķӦ
׿һĴָ޵óգ
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СĵЦһȴһҸĻȡ
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˵ͷ׿ֳһѵĲˡȻշȴǺԥ˳
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һ䣬ʳ͵˳ȥֻܹؿһεεˮա
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ҹеȪڷٳǱɱɸȥ鲻Ӧ𣿡ɽ۾һУݺݵصݷɣڽ˱ʮǰ¡
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ʳ֮һֱǷ֮أĶĿҲȫɢСһ㣬Ӧ֪ʱʵ۵ͻȻһϵ
ʵЦЦ΢΢˵ͷǸƻˣҪŹʵģǺǺǡ


43 й
СԺ׿ֱǱȥҲǸٲӣܿ㿴ǱƻֺĴš
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ǱĴǰͣһܻΣǰĸηǾ۷ΪܵʮҲȫǶ͹Ǿʵ
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׿סҡҡͷ档һ˲٣⣬ͷһμ
ˡôԳӣ
׿һǰߣǲʱӰȻ˳òզģΪҲǾأߵĻȴǸ֣ĪҲһԱ
׿֪ǱԱĻͽȥˣվȣ
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׿һвãѾͷòˮõԼͷϰɡ
Ȼתۿ׿лһ˿ĪЦ⡣

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46 
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47 
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һ촽ѻתͷԱߣȴֻ׿һȻؿԡѹŵģ׿ı۰

ЩҪгȴǸæסԼ͡û뵽׿һҹ
ղЩ죬ؿ׿񵭵˯ݣǰȥһŴŮܰ촽ӡ
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׿ܼҰɣҼСϸһ𣡡
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48 ǧ
ٳһɽУһƫƧСԺģ̫󣬵ȴʮ徲šֵҲȫǶ͹Ǿϵĸ֡
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ЩͬοԼȴƲƲ죬ȫں
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ǣǺʲôϵ׿üͷ壬ʵ
ӻڳˣһλʵʵ˿ԪѫԪϣڻڳõĻ

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ƲƲ죬аڡ
ûе׿ҲܽСӵȷǧ˲š
ӣҵԵѾ֪ˡֻ֪һ㣬ôǰȫسɳΪڰҡ۾΢΢һУ׿ӵ۾
üͷ˶ӳ̾ص˵ͷ׿ܼңһʾʵˡ
ǵȻҪһƾҵȻѣѵβֵ𣡡׿һЦǶԣ׿ŵѵңǻῴһƽƽ𣿡
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ңôܿǱǿأô취ֻһǻûǿʢʱǡ
뵽ٺЩмؿ׿һۡҪѣξͱҸˣǮء
Ҫƽ⣬ֻҪúûȥ
ͬʱҲò̾׿˼ϸܣǳ


49 ҹһ
һӵһ㣬ڵƶʱȻźˡһҪʲôʯҩⲻǿߣһǿʢļҪı֤
ǱоŴϣʵǿᣬڤҲʮÿһңԼǿսÿĹǵǻңҲ׶ǡ
˵ӵȼգΪң̫ʵ۽ҵļҲȫûգĹ似ûСҲΪˣҶǵļӣǰͳˡ
Ǿû뵽ǵʵһ׵ͼ似˵ţ¶˼թЦݣֻҪⱾ似ǾͿԼǿߡңҲһ似ѡ
ԣȫ¶˾֮ɫ
似ôܣҪеĻͷˣõǣ
ֻ׿תתƺ뵽ʲô˵ص˵ͷ
¶һ˿صЦݣйâһţǰһɫ򣺡Ƿ׵ͼںûʲôֵҵ洫似һϰܽ似ںΪһΪ似
Ҳ˵һƣ̼ҶϷȺ׼Ҿָһ似ǱҲ𿪷ִңֻлںϵķ׿۾У
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¡ͻȻͬ˷ܼһһĶͦͦŵ΢ֻʣˣ׼Ҳ߽⣬ֻҲ̼Ȼʢ¾͵ʲãҹһļɡӽϷһסΪ̼ӵܣңƻ
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ȻǼֻĸˣôҲеһԱʱȴ˿ںǵʵ̫

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һ䣬ƺת׿׿ɢų羴Ĺâ
Ҳȫ׿֮ɫ
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׿Цŵͷתֿңɫ˲ǣûʲôƨҹһֻҪ׿ڣҽ֮УҲǳ°ˡ
ǶҶԣ̸ʲô෴׸ѡ׿۾΢УЦ
ˣҲ˵κλȻȻʧ
Ņ̀߰ͷ⣬ƺҲ˷Цͮͮģ׿ĿԵøӳ羴࡭


50 ¼
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˵ͷ׿ЦЦ϶׿ΪֵܣȷѡһգΪִ£
ԣӲһͣٴο׿ʧķʱǶһеİ
ȫ֪׶Լۣ׿СԺǻȺ򡣼ˣ׷Χȥ
ôӸ˵ʲôˣЩȻϴǱ׿ܾˣϾǻԼ
ֻҪͷϾͻΪسʼҹǸɡӣҫ档ⲻòѳ˵ǡ
°Цһ׿û˵ʲôֻҺú
꣡
Ѹæס׿ͣȻ¿˿ֵô˵ӣҪ
ᣬҪ񣡡
׿ںذ˰֣ſƺһĴָıֺм֮磬ûӶˡ
ǣҲҴ˭ƺվ׿ǰ̧ͷԣеĴ׿
龰˲ɶЦˣҲ¶οЦݣ
ƺѾˣԺȫܹ縺ҵ裡գоӨ
ڶ죬¼ΪȻҡ׿лҳȻΪ¼Ĵܼңһ
£ΪҴϣΪҶϣӼΪͳ죬ͳ̼ҴЩΪӰӶӳԭڷɽɽռ½鱨Լѵɱɱ֡
ΪҵİţǱڤȵ˶̤ٳǰ벽ҲӦƣѾȫΪĻء
Ҽլ̼ұͰڷٳǲ̸ڣ׿ȴд㡣
ǺڷɽһͿеģȻڣ
һħɽϱҪ׿ļƻһʵ֡


51 ֮
۶ʳƶߣǵ۶Ľ䡣̾ӣÿһǲԫϱڣʾưܲľ󡣵еˣѡס
ֻЩ϶û¶ٵģƶƶ񣬲Żεشֵطĳһսᡣ
ȻƶߵĩˣһСԺӣȴ˭Ҳҽ롣ˣҲкĵĵ˾ǣԶǸط
СԺûκ˾סǵҹȴżһЩ죬˽쿴ȴҲûӰϳʧһ㡣
ʱЩ͹Ǿֲа˽ȥ
Ȼ󡭡ûȻˣҲûмǳʱԺӱһأκǿ߶̤Ľأ
һԲҹƶ˲ð˶żؼңԶǸаԺӡ
ǣڴʱԺȴǵ˻谵ĵͬһһһ
ԺеһķڣһްߣȻԵõһ̫ʦϣһѶëȻǰյ˫ʱо⻮΢΢һ̣·һУмһƵġ
վˣһͷڷһȫסȫ˫ɢǿϢȴ÷Բڣκڽӽ
һֻ׿ǳ棬ڿʱƺҲη壬Ƶˡ
ৣ
ƿ죬һأȻ⣬ͷϴһɫĶңݡ
е˲ֹͣ¶һ񵭵ЦݣĹôˣ
˽ժȥ¶ݣڤȹɽ
̾˿ɽҡҡͷʮѪȫˡǻʵڤԶٳǣͬʱƣѾˡ
ŶüͷЦô˵ʵѾ㿪ˣ
Ϸ룬Ӧˣ
ɽ˵ͷһŭãһοûôˡҪڰңҲҪûб»Ǹʱ򣡡
ǺǺǡĹĪҪ˾ˣαôأȻ񾲣ǿȴǷЦ֮ڤΪңȴ׼嶼㲻պȡҲȻɡ
ԣɽһŭȫ˲䱬۷ʵȻŴ˷顣ɱѹޱѹȥ
𳤷磬ҵģҲ˵ֲڰȡڤȡʮļƻҲȫ֣Ȼ˵ֻ
ɽŭȥɡ
¶Ц⣬Ȼе˿ҡš
䣡
ȻǿѹҪٽ𳤷ǰʱĺڷͰ׷أȻ˫ۡ
ʱ䣬кڹ׹˸һʵʵĲأȻⷢɢȥɽѹǲײһľ졣
ƶߵؽ磬ֹסز
ɽͷһһɺѪ̲ס˳ɫ˲԰ȥ
ٴα˫ۣһ𳤷ȻҡеȣϹһȻЦ⡣
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𳤷Цŵ˵ͷĹȻʶˣλǰѾϰû벻㻹ϳǡ
ݺҧҧɽڴڵشŴʱһѪ³ǿʱȴǳη塣
һߣ֮׵ةࡣȻϹﶼɽǷڹҲܰ˼˰ɡ
ǺǺǡĹˣ¿ɵһߵĳƺţڸĿŵҷ𳤷ҡҡͷЦȴһŵЦݡ
һЦɽһ૵ة࣬ǫɾԴˡڵʵ۹л˭Ķ֣ң
ѹڷٳˡϣʵǿֻ棡𳤷̾˿εؿ򳤿գңҲһߡ
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ɽüͷһмЦָǸӹϻʵۣ
ӹ
𳤷翴һۣɢЦ֮⣺ڳõʮة࣬ɸ㲻﾿Щʲôӹϱû֮ˡ
ĹȥɣҪˣ
𳤷˰ӣٴλָ֮ɫСıͷץסᣬٲ
ߣԻʵڤȿûôסɽмƲƲ죬ǵ𳤷ʱ˲䲻˵ˣ˱ȭʧڵҹ֮С
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ǲ䶯ĺ㣬׿¶Цݡ
Ѫأ׿ر̶ѩϵġҲøˣӦýк̶Ѫϡ
׿þ¼еرħ̳˺̶ѩüԣ׿ͨ׿ңӦʹþ¼аѪ䡣
Ѫ䱾ħֿµİ취һѪ䣬ô˾ͻһѪ䷢ѪΪ̶񶾡
ǣѪҲиȱݣǾǱѪʵߣܻܿᷢɡ׿˵ɲһ¡
ںˣѪϸԷʵԼߣҲзɷաΪѪһֱڣ޷ѪĿơ
صħ׿Կƴ
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ܽκθֱԼū˭˶̲ס
¶һ˿аЦ׿Ѫ׳װ«뿪ɭ֡Ȼ־һ䣬ɭ˲Ѫɫκ˶ٽ롣
ֳأôܱ˷֣
«ָ׿ص˺ڷɽһ·׿һһľϸ飬ȷ
л֧ԮǧʯٵҩʣǱһǧʯǧʯ
˶ʯ֣λ󷨴ʦ˲˷֮ءټﱾȻȻʯҲԲ²ķ
ڷɽλľ֮أ׿弶󣬶ڶݴڲɢֽҪųҲѡ
׻λ֮أ׿弶󷨽ھҫۣâ䣬û۶УÿһȴһɶΡ
Ϸȸλ𣬻ƣ׿弶\ڻʴħ棬һմ룬ֱճɻҽΪֹ
λˮϺ֮أ׿弶󷨱ӰںӰأһڱҵ·ںӲ
Ĵʽúú׿ûиκ˵Ҫ뿪ˣҪ֮ˡ


52 뿪
С㣬һ¡
׿ҵѣ֡Ѳԣ׿ȥˡ⼸տôңĻϲ
ǼλһǿǼԱ׿Ӱûйʡ
׿ܼңʲô°
ЦŸ׿һƧСڣ׿û˵תŴ龰ѲԣǺܿ죬֪뵽ڵһ¾ͺ
׿㡭ҪʲôŤص
һ׿Ҫˣ
ʲô
һʼ֪ûǲţһסˡ׿˵˵ڶ飬ѹ
ΪʲôϣѾǷٳǵһ壬ΪʲôҪߣ
ΪҸȫ
׿ڶǰȫɣһûһȵҡǲҪˣʲôġ
ǴӦ˻ִǲ֪ƵҵڤȡǱǲܳΪƽƽļ壬ҲŹǣ
Ǿ͸Ҫ˰ˣô죿ӿֲᡣһգۣһžӨ
Ĩȥ׿һ仰˵ĶԣһĸǿߡγȥΪ㹻ǿߣպҵİȫ
ǺڷɽĸֻһϰҪ֪Ҳڼ䣬κ鷳Щĸ弶ʽټǰɭɷ󣬶ӦÿԱ֤ǰȫ
׿һöݸѣѺӹ׿ĵҪ߶೤ʱ䣿
̾׿ҡҡͷҲ֪ɡ
γȥֹΪļ֣ȥѰſеżϿκʱʵǰıϡ
ˣڳȥͳƺ
˵ͷתҪߣǽŲȴͻȻһͣȻͷһ׿촽׿һ㶣ؿһۡ
Ѻ̧ͷ૵
䣬ɱ뿪ˡ
һͳƺ˽֪׿ҪʱҲȫһи¶ֲᡣ
СӣΨһжԺҪչˣҪһص׿ƺļе
ƺ˵ͷĨ˰ᡣ
תͳ죬׿йâһһö򣬵˹ȥǵͳӹʱȴǽץţ˿֡
ͳ첻ԣɻؿ
׿ֻǽ۾㻹ǵõ˵Ļô˵ûʣΪֹ
ԣͳɫһȥֲ˶ֻ˻
ͻȻ׿һת޾ԣа취̥ǣõǿʵĿ»һʹ࣬Ը𣿡
ͳһ˲Աϲ⡣
ģ
˵ͷ׿емħħɷͬһŶ幦ߵ츳ʺ͹ΪûҪֻһ㣬ʱ޵һʼ㲻ֹͣȻٲ
ͳЩɬ촽кη壬ֻεļ
ûϵֻҪܱǿʲôĿҶܳ¡ͳһѶö򣬼ش
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׿ֵܣҽΨһеʹģۿȴΪҵΨһԸǱүСİȫ
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׿ؿһۣͷô֪ҪЩӶ
һЦõҶ˽⣬ɻûĵȥȼЩĹ¶Ҳ룬һ뽫ҵĻҰġ
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ģԼҲ󷢴ȱһ¶ΣǱԼ
뵽׿ͻȻһâÿһ
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µȵˣƵճУеȳɼˣൽİӰӣϵȣ־ǿˣǽͳѵҵĻôˡ
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Ҫˡ׿
ʲôһʵΪʲô
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һСڣ׿һķԸһһϣ̬ȼΪϿҡ
ȻڼǴϣף׿żȨҲʸ
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İɣ׿ܼңһúõϵġЦһ׿ղ
û׿㣬Ҳʲôа黢ҿסĵֻ׿ͷĵ
ˣ׿ܼң̼Ҹô죿
ͻȻüͷһ壬ҹһѾˣһֱǲ̼ҸǲһģصġںڷɽĻǲ̸ģ¡

׿˻֣Цǲ̼ұϾִһԱ㴦ǣ»ҵĲɺͲǱȣٺٺ١
оһȻص˵ͷ޵׿ܼңԭ˴㡣
۾У׿ɱһš
ڶ峿׿һ˾뿪˺ڷɽɽ֮ѣúһҸ߲ĿıӰȥΨ̼Ҹӡ
ڰɽУٺͲТĿ⣬׿ʧȴǷЦ
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˵ôɰɡТ۷Ź⣬
ҡҡͷٵȲ׿ˣҿԲȥܣ׼ҲĵˡҪͬˣ׼Ҹǿ


ڶ 


53 ɽ
ɽּ䣬һ۵Ӱվɽ۴ǰңңĿһߴĳţӲӵĴ֣ڤǡ
΢΢аĻȣת뿪ڵķĩһ￪
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ȵȣ֤ͨأ
ϵһĴ췢سǻì浲ǰȫصɢ
ӻͳһšġֵĽӣ׽ȥӹ˿˴΢΢ͷ㽫ì
ȥɣ
΢һף˴̤˽ȥ߳׿ȴǻͷһۣ¶һ˿мЦݡ
ͬ裡
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뿪һ࣬Ҫһطڤǡڤȵĵ̣Ǳפڷٳһͬڤȵפء
δⱻϳ׿Űں֮¡
֮ҪðΣԷĵϣҲΪò˭ľۼأɽڤأ
ҲΪˣڤǵ̲Żϸ
Ҫ֪߻ħߣԼʵķ˱⡣ħ裬ħЩҲһ൱ҪأҲΣͷܾԼһ
ڤȳϣͺӥ򷲵ħɹѻΪ׽ۣʹǱֶӦ
еƷҲһƿλڤȳϡ
ɼЩضһߵʵǶôҪ
ħ裬׿ѪӤɵľ⣬ҪԴޡ߽ѱΪԼ裬ħ߰ǼΪԼħ
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ڤҲ˳˴βǣһ˼㣬ֻкʵȷϺ󣬲Ż䷢е֤ͨǱƾ֤ǡ
׿ܱ¶ݣ
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ҪȥɽҲҪѰһϡеޣޣȸ
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վǿҲ״
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ǽħħ󻯾Ӧÿ˳롣
׿ֻϣϿ죬ҪǿһĻȸҲסһҷ
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Сؤһ㶣æ׷ȥ׿ǰ¶ǺڻҵЦոǶлˣҪȻĻ
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Сؤգգۣǰȥλ磬Ǵӳİɣܴܲҳȥˣ
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Сؤɫ̲סҧҧ촽أȻӳ£ˮڹλ磬ʵ͵ǵĶҪǴˣһŹҵġ㣬ҳȥɡ
Цһ׿ؿһۣʮ꣬أѾ㲻ˣһƶɵΪؤ𣿡
ԣСؤͣ˿۾תת·ν͡
׿ЦЦŵðɣ˵ģҰʲôôֻﱾԣ벻κȥ㣡
˵꣬׿ЦҡҡͷǰȥСؤڵأһʱ֪ô˵ˡû뵽׿ʵʵһˡ
һʼСؤԼΪǸĳء
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Ҫȥɽ»Ҫ²УЩȥˡ
׿һͣüͷΪʲô
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ɳƾͻҲڻ¡
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ƺ׿⣬Сؤ̧߰ͷװɣԸҴȥҾʹСɽʱɳҲԳǲ͵һ㡣
׿°ЦҪĶڤôܲϼӷأ׵͵ܴ·Ǳ룬ݾߣҲ
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׿ҡͷžһΪġ
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׿ƶһڶ֪ϱһСɱʱȴˣл·
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ҹôУ׿ͷû⣬Ϊ֪Ǹ֡
Сؤ˾죬ؿһۣг˾档׿ĸоǰ˶һظС


54 ҵ

ͻȻСؤҪ׿ɽʱһ߰ĴȴأȻڶ˶Сؤһųתͷȥ
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еĻʮˣ׿һƺɫӡ·ɳʮȥغûʶ
ʱǸ¹ͿɵˡصΪҲͬʱʮ֣ӦԵġ
Ǽ׿ֻ֣оصʵѣÿһƼڻϵƣȴǷֹ
ֻ׵ǣ׿ѪӰƱһƹ壬ֱӹѪĹ似൱˵ʧЧһ׿ֱӹϵ˺Ȼ˺ü
ʱ䣬еĻ²ʡز
ǰ¹ӿһУɫСؤҲһصɴ۾ġ
СӣȻˢӣѹָҿڳԡǰ¹ҧҧǰһ͵һ̤ʯשѣôѦգһ¸µĸУ
Ѧգ
׿üͷһѦҵĴӣѦգ˵۰Ѧҵ˳λ̳ˣ
ΣѵˣѦһüȵ
Цҡҡͷ׿£鷳㣬ڤǵӱ鷳硭Զ죬ӶҲ徻ˣ
ɱһţ׿Ȼһ̤һöڵǰȥɱѹѦ͵һ
û뵽׿ǰȫͬǱɱĿĳ֡ɱ⣬صһصǰֹסϢһͣȫԪлࡣ
²ɺȻһֱڼ屻Ǵ°Ĵүܹϵ侹˿µꡣֻоصΪȴƾɱƣ˲ѹصĸ֡
ۿŶԷһֱȡѣѦղŵĸξѣΣͷ͵ҧһ⡣޴ʹǳɱĿ־нѳ
²ҵæںüƣһȭɫĹâͬ쫷绮һΪһ׿ȥ
׸߼似ȭ
һ׿мЦЦӡһһأȻɳѦյ塣
Ѧյķȭδٽ׿ȴͻȻһͣʧˡѦյҲǶԭأһܶ
龰Ѧղɴʧɫ
ڴʱ׿ȻаЦݣѦ翴˹΢ЦҲ˲ͣ˼롣

׿һƺشؿڣѦ̲ס³һѪһ߷ݰ˳ȥҲһоȫѪƵġ
ȻʹһӰȴһٴѦնһûŵûɢ
ˣȻ׿
ûٸһƣ׿һֱסĲӣЦѦүģ֮ЩūϾ͸͹ȥлڴ٣ڣҲϣѦ׷ɽܡ¡Ϊһͷɡ
˵ţ׿һѦնپϢһͣǶҪˡڣĶѾ˹ͷѵġ֮
Ե˿־壬ã
ζ벻ףʲôˣǳȥôɱ񣿳ֺ鰡
̵ģӳˣ
Ĳӱ׿ôĻ뺿һģӵҲ̫˰ɡ
ס֣
Ȼ׿׼һ˿λүʱСؤȴȻ
׿ؿɻʲôǲĵ𣿡
СؤǵؿѦգѾڹʵ׿ͣˣֻ׿ٶʵ̫졣һգ۵ĹлѾ̵һգ۵ĹѦȻҪˡ
СؤӦʱѦҲֻһѡ
ҵĵˣҲɱǣСؤſǻ
׿üͷһ壬ô˵ѾˣڲֻĵˣҵĵˡΪҵĵˣ³ֻһ
˵ţ׿һ֣ѦԵزһֻͦ߸¡ȻϾҪ̱ˡ
ҪٲҾͲ·ˡڣСؤŴ󺰳СѾۡ
׿üͷ΢壬ԡΪԼĵˣǵһμ
׿һɣѦաͨһˤ˵ϣָһѪӤлأνʼ磺㶼ںˣһʲôպ鷳
Сؤǰ׿˲滨Сһ§ڻǰȥǰ·ȻҾʹǣԶѦҡ
㡭㡭ǻˣСؤţ϶ص
׿󣬲Цһûǻˣ磬ֻл˲ʸ棬ȫµȥˡ
ؿһۣСؤͣĨᣬȴǲ¡
ȻҲˣûһ׿ġ׿ߣȴûֶԻ˵С෴ܰġ
ָоҲ˵
ʱһӰ֣䵽׿ոڵλáŵһƬԲѵѦһͷúֱ粻
ͻȻѦڵϲͣس鴤æߣ𣬼նôˣ˭㺦ӵģ

ѦղסشɫɷףһҲ˵߸æ쿴ֻѦյڸش»һƬˮա
ǸæѦιһŵҩųһ
ֻѦյƣȴԾѡ
Ѧյ˲أֻҪһ±Ȭľȴܵ˼Ĵ̼̹˵ǾǱŵãŵʧأˣ
ѦƽղǵС֮෴ʮܹ͡һľߣʱųУµĸֲ
Ͼɲ˼ãȴҡҡͷѦѦȥ
˭ڤǵѦңǾ;Բкùӳԡ


55 ͹Ǿ۷
ɽĵ·˰ɡ
ʱ׿СؤһխɽǰУ̽Դ
׿ңңȥֻﾹǰʮǶ͹Ǿϵǿߣüͷ΢塣
ʵƷħаֺͱѪӤҪȥѡǣϢĹȥ
Ļһ˶ȻڤפĳϡټѦҵǸǿߣͺˡ
˼Ƭ̣׿ҡҡͷҪɽÿСؤ·
Сͨ
׿׿СؤСؤƺδǰľл͹ȻѸɣһһġ
㡭һ±ӣСؤ׿ٴûС
׿һΣСӵĵôСԴǰԼֺСӱ㱻ŵһֱ޸ͣڶû
Щ˵Ķ׷ĵˣֲˣһֱ޸ʲô
׿и̣ȴҲû취˭ԼѾӦءµľǽСؤɽô͵ޣԼĶ߻徻
̾һ׿СؤּһҲ֪˶ãһصĺҵһֻһ˽ĵض
͡ˡСؤŬֹסӻǱһһģҡСʱ򣬾ҵǴɽ棡
׿üͷһ˿ߣֿ˿ܵĻɰͷＫΪأǱ˴·ҵڣ
ҲСؤĸǺˣҵģͱڤȵ˿ˡ
ãС£󣡡
׿һСؤһѡȻΪʲôıϰߣ
СؤҲ֪ŭذһۣһ׼붴
ȻڴʱһȴͻȻ
վס
ৣ
ƿ죬һ޴ӰȻڶǰ˴ʮ꣬ŻͿࡣһ˫۾ɢǿߵİ
͹Ǿ۷ǿߣ
׿üͷһ壬ȭͷ˽ѵѦҼѦ

Ѧһ˵ͷϷĳѦգǷ˵ģ
׿΢΢һЦҵˣûҪѾǺܿˣ
ʲôˣ
ĻѦһ㶣һ˫ؿ׿СؤһۡСؤɫһ죬æ׿
һʱ䣬Ѧı龹ǼΪ졣

ʱһдһɱѦߣСؤʱɴЦ˵ʲôţһ
Ұץȥ
ЦһȫûһԵ׿һɲСؤȥ
ģСҲ̫Ŀˣǿ
׿۾΢΢һУ°һŭǰʱһͻȻ˸
ʱ䣬굫ϢһͣѪһĵǧһ֮ʣ׿ֿ磬һסĲһӱȫˡ
ʲôѦһ
û뵽ĶӾȻ׵ؾͱǰס
ʵһʼѾ׿صʵ֣һĳӺһڻģ
ڣΪʲô
ڼĺöӣ׿ѪȷɱޡȻΪǳֵʱȴ쳣ϡһƵУһ
׿ǰӾĻһ˼ҵĶ֡
¶һаЦݣ׿߸߾صΪλĶӣѦְɡ
ϷŹ㣡Ѧһŭ
һЦ׿ÿɷҡҡͷĲŹأ
ѦСʲôԹڶҵˣֻϣܾʹ˰֣Ļ
˵ţ׿һѦֱϢһͣͷ˳͸ʬɣ
Ҫ
ѦûСؤһץס׿ĸ첲ҡΣȫ֮ɫ
׿һ㶣Сؤӳëˣôŵ˵
ѦŶ˵ӣָ֮ɫǺܿ죬·¶ʲôİ㣬ϱƽ
׿һЩԡ
Сӣʲô֣Ѧ
׿΢΢һЦҹһˣѰҲ¸㣬׿
ã׿ǲΣҪѦһָСؤֳǰδе֮ɫ
һ׿ᶨҵˣȻһף
ãǴġȰҶӷˣʮСʮ֮ڣ޷ȡʤӽϷ򶼲׷ˣΣ
۾΢΢һУ׿˼Ƭ̣¶һаЦݡһ˦㽫Ѧӷɻȥ
ģ㲻ʳԣѦһ˿ɫ
Цһ׿Ҫɱֹˣ
ԲѣԣѦһŭʮУаɣ
һ䣬Ѧ͵׿ȥ͹Ǿ۷ǿҲѹȥ׿ȴȻ治ɫվ
Ѧüͷ˶°һ
Ȼδ嵽׿ǰ׿ȴ͵һ̤ǵ㣬ȻǰȥⲻѦĪ˵СսٷḻҲԲ͹Ǿֽô
һ̣֪ԭ
׿йâһа׿Ȼ٣˲۽Ѧǰһ¶ϣֱֱȥ
Ʒħ
Ѧˣɺôʧɫæһתȥ
ȻڴʱһȴأȻ׿ڴֱֱܳѦȥ
ˣ
׿һЦ¶˴ɱЦݡ
Ǿڴ˿̣ͻ
ѪӤҪѦʱȴǡһ˻ܵɷĳ׿ѪӤѪҲһĵһᣬа־ƫˡ
ĵ棬Ѧǰ㻮
˶ͣӺ׿ѾվѦԭλã֮ɫոƻѦעаʱѪӤ壬һ
û뵽ѪӤȻᱻӰ쵽һҲƫˡ
ת׿ȥֻѦؿھȻ׿۾һгƷħ
֪ԭҲԽ
ԷжƷħѪӤѾȫɲóˡսֻܿаֶѡ
ǣﻹڷƽսѦȴѾ°Ͷˡ
ܹ뵽һصߣսȻֲ˵زողһ㣬ԴҪħȫˡ
ԲѵСӽԼʮУǡ
̵ģο˵ԼʮˣʮڣԼܱסԴѾܲˣ
뵽ֿ˿ĿڵǸӼףɰꡣҿǰϵδ˿ǸֲĶ֣ϼ洫סĻСһоͰԼˡ
ȻѪӤѾظеֻҪǺ壬·һ
һˣٿ׿Ҫɭ亹ֹס¡
˿µĶ֣ǵһֻ֣Ǹص߶ѣ
ģСӣǹ𡭡ݺҧҧѦɵһ


56 ٻӰ
ͣƬ̣׿һֱѦķ˼Ƶ֮ߡѦҲͬһ鲻Щ㱡
׿УȻûп˿ɣǳĿ⡣ȫһӦöŶ͹Ǿֵ񡣵һֻڶԼĸо൱ˬ
ô˵ԼҲǶ͹Ǿ۷ĸ֣վȻᱻһС˿ţʵ档
ǺζҪȳ֣һǰС
Ȼδ׿һ˹
ڶУ
ȻһǱ׿ͻϮһܿʶԼݣΪһߵϣҲСǰ¶ӡ
ң׿ֻаֻвֻҪһֱӾˡŹʮУ⡣
뷨֪һᾪ°Ͷ
һ͹Ǿ۷һСս͹ǾӦèϷӰ磬ȴ뷽跨Ҫʮ֮Լ
˭ǿߣ˭߰Уʮ֮Լ˭ģ
ʱ˿̣Ѿܲôˣۿ׿ΪһϮѦȫ͵شǣȻֱˣûУа£ҲʣǾ̫ˣ
ոմӵѦ֣󣬼һ㶣󺰵ǰ˵ǣʮӣʮа
Ѧɫһ޲óȥСţ㲻˵û˵ư͡ûСϵôӹҲʣЦǲǣ
ȫûע⵽ϵɫѦڲͣش󺰣ʹѦɫȴԽԽ࣡
аĻȣ׿йȴѦ½ǶûҲѦĻãɸ
У
һȣ׿Ȼ٣˲۽ѦӦԣаֵ⣬һ㡣
ȻһΣȴͬ׿΢̤ȴ৵һûӰѦΧסɫ⣬ͬķѦ
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ϾǶ͹Ǿ֣͵һ̤¡һʯǷ׷ױըⱬը徢ѦȻȥۿ˲ҪΧ
Ǿڴʱ׿Цһ̤һ
ৣ
еĻӰȫʧǾѦ׿ӰȴأȻ֣һ˲Ѧй
׵ͼ似ٻӰ
ٴͣ׿վѦǰ⣬¶Цݣ૵Ѧǽֱվԭأһƺ˿Ʈ
ҡˣ
ֱģԭʮ֮Լֻһ˵ʵû뵽ֻУԼȻˣķڷ
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˵׿ѾˡĻ
Ѧѵ˿ڿˮѾȥʵڵһйȻʹȫǶܵȫҲǶ͹Ǿ۷ȫʵ
ɼˡ
ܣ
ʱСؤѦͬʱгŵҡҡͷôҲţһǿѦ֮ڣܸһԼһСͬˡ
һ飬ģԲԣѦָæܵѦߣɢڴ֮ɫѦȴǿЦһ֪λش
׿俴˶һۣѦȷûгȫҵÿһУֻ̽ûɱ⣡
ɣҪҵ飬ˣƺץһݣѦֽذԴ׿Ц
׿ȴһЦҡҡͷܱǸȷûгȫȫĻնͷˣ
׿ԣΣ
ȻһʼΪѪӤ޷ʹõĹϵ׿ȷ޷ı档ǣⲢζʧȥ˶ѦһɱĻᡣ
ᣬٶȡֶԣ͹Ǿȱľٶȡаֵĸ׿ٶȿ˵͹ǾѲ¡
ôʣµģһɱ
׿ǾصĻҲ첻ԴͻƵؾ磬ܹʼ似ˡ
ĵһ似似ٻӰ
Ⲣͨ似Ǿ¼УټĴԵ似νٻӰӰҪֻԻ˵նѡɱУϡ
ֻҪʹ似׿СΧڵκη򣬽ж̾˲ơǰѦǱӰע󣬲ûע⵽ͻȻ׿ġ
Ǹʱ׿ԼɱķϣһֽԴˡ
һ㣬ѦͬԲķڷ䣡
׿̾һѦһؿ׿ҼɿˣԺͽˣǧҪ
׿һȫסˣʲô˼
ǻû⣬ѦСؤǰһѽ˻ĺ󱳡
߰ɣҪٻˣȥӣ
Сؤǿ޵滨꣬˵׿ǲ˼۾Ѧĵӣ
Ǻܿ죬·뵽ʲôеȵȣѦС㣬Ѧ㣿
η˸۶Ѧת׿ǰļСӣڲŷְһΪͦأղҲ˵ˣˣҾͰˡԺϷ֪ŮϷһƴ
ǣ⡭⾿ô°
׿ηɵˣԭһֱ˰죬ڸСؤĸڴ򣬻˼ȫҸɱˡѹÿͷһּΪ޵Ŀ⿴Լ
̾˿Ѧû˵ֻٴοһۿ޵ϡﻩСŮתѦ뿪ˣ
û߶ԶִѦֵǵҲĻڤǱ߸ô
죬а취

Ѧ㣡
ߺ׿Сؤǰؽؤñķ˳ȥʱ䣬һͷں㷢ٲк¡
һֱŸԶķۺСؤɾһæסԴͨؿȴֲ߶ӡ
ѦС㣬֪⳪һӺͿظѦҸӴ˼ʮغϣΪⲻ˰
Ѧһŭ׿૵׿磬ֻǣֻȥɽǸȡ裬ҲԿ
׿һ㶣ϸһ룬Ҳԣ
ֻҪĿľͺˣһ˻ͷأ
ȡ裬һСﶼ֪ĵħʾȻΪƭԼԼֲأ
뵽׿ȴһ
ʲôʱʼô׶ˣ
üͷ΢΢׿ԺһУһһεС¶Ź⼸µദ˿Ǹ࣬һħˣ
ЩĸһУһҪġ
ĸĸģ
׿ͣظԼɫƽû˿顣
Ѧ㣬ȥ׿ָָǸڣҰɽº󣬽ȥôǵĽףͽˣ
Ѧһ㶣ؿһۣ΢΢˵ͷȥˡ׿̬ȱúܿ죬ƺǻһһһʱеЩ㱡
Ȼ׿ǺˣȴǸ˺ûȫûи


57 Ȫ̶
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һƫƧĲݴԼ䣬һֻζؽ̵ݡͻȻһO@죬Ӷ˶䣬ŵøæܿˡ
һһֻںڵСִӵͻȻһؤģСӰѵ˳ǣոӣһȴȻˤ˳·Ǳһƴһ
ȥ
׿üͷ˳Сؤһ׿ϴʱҲúҤ̿Ƶġ
ۣһ೤泱ʪǸζ治ףѦСʱôϲ굽ˣ
ѦӵԼƨɣŭصһۣߵǻ͸ˣ·㻹Ҫ˼ң
ûҾǻ
׿ȥֻۣ¿˿ܱߵľ£ʱ޵ĺдѾȷɽ
ٿԼȫӣҡҡͷѦι⸽ûпϴĺ
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׿ʧЦһϡһӺˮ㴫˶˵ĶУüͷһ׿ϼӿ˲
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׿˵ͷȻһС
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Ϊ˵õĽɳֹ˵õҪǰ˭֪ʲôʱ򣬽ɳͻȪˮأ
뵽׿ȴüʵ޷ôжýɳǡ
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׿ҡҡͷ޷УֻȡߣȸҸС
ԣѦ㲻һ㶣иɻ
Ȫ̶У߻ջĿ⣬۷ɻ֮ɫ૵ѵϷĴ
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Ѧָ֮ɫջα۾ɽ
ৣ
ʱ䣬˵Ӱʧˡ


58 
ɽУ׿ѦһƺѰʲôѦҲ֣֪«ʲôҩ
ͻȻ׿һ󾪽УγһմĿ״ϲɫҵˣ
Ѧգգ۾ؿǶɻʲôʲôã

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ԣѦоһƺ뵽ʲôе⣬Ҫɽһصȥ͵ǵĽɳ
ɽȻһޣûʲôսҲ״򶴵ıȴ޿ɵеġ
һֻССɽ󣬲ʱĹ򣬱ܽǧɽ򴩣
׿ûлشֻ¶޵Ц⡣Ѧһ㶣кɸ׿ẉ̂˷·Զ²Ƶġ
һ׿ѦԶȪ̶ĵط˻ѣ˽ȥð̻ڤЩ˷֡
ܿ죬һɢ˳Ʈƾòɢ
ɽ޶̽ԴѰζѰ׿Ѧһδ˫ĿضŻѵķ

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׿°ЦһһԵѦЦŶһۡ
ʵͰչˣֻҪɢɽ͹ˡǻ޵ˣʹɢӰץ
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ȻǻԵһ£ű㻺¡γһȭͷССɽ׿۾һǰӣ׼ж
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ٺٺ١С𣿡аЦݣ׿ץɽСһ۵üֻСצӣͣڿл衣
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59 ߼ң

׿ƴȫһնȥȴǷ˽аҲ˻
ͫ͵һ׿һãСϾȻֹһһס
Ǵʱ˿̣Ѿݲ˼˵һֱֱؿڴӿɲһһˡǶԷȻԼҪս֮
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ģʲô˰

Ѿ˼׿аѾеĽ𽣽ʵʵײһ
ʱ䣬һ췢׿ʱеһɾϮ˳ȥѪڿб̲ס³һɺѪ

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Ȳ׿Ǽ٣ģһδ񰡡ֻҪ׿ĵӣټϽֵĻպǸ壬϶۷Ҳһʱǽʵضǿ
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ʲô
׿˻һһذը㣬˲佫˾Ըӣ
ͬԼǱ
ǱôܸһСǩͬԼ


60 ǧﲼ
ض׿۾Ѧл˽ɵر˴˿һۣзֹ
˵׿ı飬ѡȴ̫˼صߵĩ٣Ҫš
ʲôˣұȼļ塣˵һļ壬ǿǱǩԼпܡ
ͬԼȴ߼֮˴˵ȨЩ壬Ҳȫûʸ롣
ⲻ߼ʵĲ࣬߼岢һʵۻͷؤֵܣ
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61 ǬŲ
һв׵׿˸ڤȵһ˵ȴʱڣȴŽɳı
ʱڣһжһƽлÿµפҪȥԼļҴ似ȴֵĲ֪ʱɳ׿Ǹˡ
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Ȫ̶ԱҲһǧٶʮһȻ߳һĪǴʱ˿̣ɳϳҲ˲ʲôˣֱֱֻضȪĶڡ

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лںذڰЦ˿羫֣ˮȴԺ԰ѽɳ̳
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лһ㶣ؿ׿׿ΪЩڤȵ˶Ϲôҫ۵ĹǻῴһǸǿ߾ͻ׷
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оһ׿˫ĿңңСӵĶ档лѦҲֱֱȥͫ΢΢һеڶԱ

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˼ʱǰӣȫ԰ǴɳƷҲǲ԰
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׿ǴЦֹӣеĹâԿɳûɢɵƲƲ죡
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ѦϲЦտ׿ֱ۲ϵػ˻Σϲɸһκ졣
ǣ˭Ҳûп׿˵仰¶һ˿Цݡ


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ٺٺ١Сӣôˣ߳һЦֱܻͦһȦкâ˸ԼҪϷԳִǳ
߳ϵĺдɭȻɱ⣬ʹһЩ޲ŵɢѡ
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ͻȻ׿ĴЦյؼ߳üͷһ䲻˶Сӣոͻƾؾɡ
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˵ţ׿ʯ̨߳ϳһħ𣬻׿
Ȼڶ˾뻹ʮʱ˵ȴͬʱɲǼɱ⡣
Сӣȥ

ͬһʱ̣һ󺰳߳˲óħ׿˦ȥ׿Ҳѽӡǰһָ
أȻ䣬ǳٴν֯һ
Ѧлһ£ǳһǺܿɫķҫ۵ٴμᣬ߳ϻȥ
߳϶ֻܲٴһ˦飬ԼҲֱ˻ȥվ
׿ңң߳һһ飬ҧгݵСӣϷͲ㣡
ٺٺ١Ҷħˣ˴˱˴ˣ׿¶һ˿аЦмƲƲ졣
ѦлŶ˵ĶţȴǱ˴˿˿ʱסˡ
꣬ʲô˰һһթθж˿û˰ϵСҲ
һʼĶҪŪԷͶûҪͽ⡣ˣ̫аˣȫû԰
Ƿһ룬һǽģ֮ˡ
뵽˶ؿ׿һۣһҺҲһĶˣȻҾͶˡ


64 ն
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㣬˾ֻҪת󷨣ֲð˵ġ
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߳ϲٿ׿ͷתѦķ´һЦϷϴμ㻹ǰʱ㲻Ǹͯû뵽ôȻ˴ˡ
Ѧһɵӵصͷֱӡ
׿üͷ壬ƺ뵽ʲô߳ϣʲô˵ȥŻС
ǣ߳ȴ˿ȥ׿۾ʼնѦ㣺ǺοϷԣѦڤȵĸ壬ǴѦҲһֱ
˵߳ϵ˫ĿͻȻһɱ⡣Ѧһһֱӡֲɿˡ
׿һ֪߳вѦ㣬æ֣
һ䣬׿лӡһᣬ׺ͻͬʱ߳ȥѦȴһֱԭأ˫ڲ϶
лһãѦʱΪļܵѾȫˡûзƣཻҲ󽵵͡
߳Ͼͨսɹһ
ת˲߳ǰȴֻǳһ˦ͽϻ˷顣߳ȻУ׿лȴǲסض˶ӣѪӿ

߳쳤ЦڲˡСºƨˣѦҿûô뿪ġ
׿ҧҧѾѵѦ㣬תת飬æϼһġѾϳ㣬ȥһѦҡΨһԾѦҵİ취ǵ֮ǰ˵ôױһ弶ʽֻҪ˺ҲԳȥ
ѦӲһһֱҲ˲ͣԭ߳ϼ仰ŵۻɢ⣬Ҳۡ
׿ˣһ̣һСˣѦҲˣ
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Ժʲôը죬ѦȻ̧ͷֻ۾УǺس˳ɱ⡣ͬʱлһֱ߽ţ뿪һҪһҪ

Ѧһӡ͵ؽᶯ
ʱ䣬һ޺ͻȻѦȻһͷɫԱӰᶯȻ˳߳ȥƾǱǰǿʮֹ
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߳޴ıը֮УʮԶͷӶսһѪ̲סٴֻһѪûأޡ
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׿лˣվһؿѦ߳Ƴ׿һۣЦСʲôУȻϷȻʰǣ
׿ҧҧ˫ȭ˽ȴ޿κΡ
ȿȿȡ
ʱѦѵؿ΢΢۾׿ǣ૵ɱȥ˺Ҹǡ
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лһ˫ȭһŭɫĹߣڤȳϣھȻ۸һ޸֮СѵͲ߳𣿡
֣߳ħпȫڵġ߳ЦһмƲƲ죬׿޵СܲܺϷƢԣܵȼѾͷĶ־ǽΪУϷһţ
˺ҵѣһɱ㣡
۾΢΢һУ׿־Ȼ֮ɫл׼֣

Ҳͬġ׿һ⣬Щءлһݣؿһֿۣ˿һ֮ɫѦ㣬̾һҧӡ
ܰϼһɱˣȥɱѦһţҲĿ
뵽лأȻŭһ־
ʱ䣬һ޺һȻ߳ϳȥ׿Ҳ˫Ŀͨ죬һĻչ᰿裬ϡ
ȻǿԲ󷨣
ۿͻϮ߳ȴ¶˲м֮ɫߣϷҲ㿴ˡûз׻ԪٴҲܰϷΣ
ԣлʵҧҧѵʹȫҲȻκβϼһҪװ
ҪǣһҲҪȥˡ
ǣ׿ȴͻȻ¶һаЦݣ˭˵ûзˣ
һ̣һ䡣֮߳Ȼһǿҵ棬һɵηһ㡣
ʱͻҲͬʱϮ
䣡
ɫķ籩вϱѣеһжըΪޡǱ˺ǿһΣҪǿֹ
һ£߳ǳܲˡ
ԶлȻȫɵˣţôᡭ
ôз籩֣𣿡
׿ЦſûʹʧѵȻ֮ɫһʼǣ弶ʽҵٿزϣƭǵġĹߵľһῴǣǾƭˡ
ʲôǡƭǡлɴ˫ۣͰ͵ص
˵ͷ׿ЦĹ߾ˣڤȵߡһ˸δʤ㡣ҰǸһϲϲȻʡȴһЩҲһ㣬ǾǱϲܷЧ
㣬Ĺߵľһᷢ֡ôͻѰһȻģĹһǶͻƿڡ벻ǡǡҸµն͵ڵ壡
㡭˵һʼʹлɵһؿӰ·Ѿʶˡ
ڻؼǵãǰ󺰳˭Ҳģ屡ľ󡣵û뵽ˣ
ôҸ𣿡
׿ƳлһۣЦ㲻ҲҪ׸ֻǱĸ࣬׸ѣ
ôӦŵأлѵ˿ĭ૵˵Ӧǣ
Цһ׿νҡҡͷʬǣҲһ
ԣ׿ƵӣлʱеͷƤ飬ƺ紵
ദһʱ䣬Ȼ׿Ȼ൱˽⡣ٿȴ־İİÿ£
˾֮ˣ͹Ǿصĸ֣ͷһαȼվָ־塣
ȻڴʱһЦȴͻȻ׻籩д׿ͫ͵һȻתͷ


65 Ϲ
СӣȻܺϷƢθ˽ᡢ飬ԼҲԺԥáСӣϷЩηˣ
䣡
һ췢ǻ׷籩ʱɢ֧飬¶Ц߳ϡֻʱ˿̣ѲֻԭȵһֻһֻϾȻֶһֻɫĳ
ֻ˴˽棬γ״棬ǻ׷籩ˡˣȫ»ǳٵ˵ĺۼеɼǣѪڲͣš
ʱóһֻƾֻϻסҪĻʬȫˡ
ױɼһ㡣
ۣ
̲ס³һڴŻѪ߳ϴڴڵش˼ڴһ˫ȴһգգضŶ׿ȫǷ֮ɫ
Сӣ벻ϷһջĵЩɥڴˣµСϷǵһ
üͷ׿ǶȥֻĽ£ѦȻԲѣǿӲûڱԼͬʱͬʱѾͷҲסˡ
Ѿͷ׿ȴġڣֻǽضǺɫĳ۾һУص㣬ȻһƷħ
ٺٺ١Ϸֻһѣ
߳ϽϵһȻһڰĳЦƷħ˫һ壬ϷƽʱԵжֻڱɱ֮ʱųΪ˱ȻǰǼʶҲǵı¡ˣ֣Ҳֻǰһ̲ܼݰ
۾΢΢һУ׿ݺҧҧϹ磬̣ǰԸ˵ȫϻܵˣҲԸ¶Լĵƣ
ǵȻ
ֿ߳ȳѪȴǹŵЦݣ絽ıթϷΪǱĵơԲֻϷ˵ķݣϷ򣿡
Σ⣡
۾΢΢һУ߳ͻȻһ⣬˦ݺ׿ȥ˦лӹϧѾоҲκβϷˣ
˭˵ģ
ͻȻ׿һ̣ӡһһɫâأȻѦڷɳֱֱ߳ȥ
ʱ˿̣ȻˣȫԶҲû˷׿ǰȻϸ쿴ϵ˺ۣ֪ûһķħ
㣬ԼѪӤȫܹóˡ
ڵֻ֮ҪѪӤ壬ħ󻯾ûз֮
׿ɱСǿƵķ籩ҲΪλ߳ϰصֶζóնˡ
׿ɲţϹ֮Ƶ˿ûбֶΡ
ħ
һߣۿǺ⼱Ϯ߳ϲɵȻһڲ֪Ϊ׿˵Ѧն塣
ԭնֹ׷籩УҪǣնͲɱС˽ĵطʹħζ㲻
뵽Ϲ磬Ҳò׿ƵȻһƽȥˡ
ѪӤת˲ҪĹڣ׿¶һȻЦݣˣ߳ϣⳡսջӮ
ۣ
ͻȻĹߵͣ͵ش׿׿ҲоһĵһѪ͵˳滹Ƭ
ôܡ
׿ŵǰȥ˵ѪӤһĹڣ壬ҲͣҲκηΪš
ʵǣ˿ûͣعᴩңоȫµٶʼѪӿɥʧ
ԲɵƿԴﵽģ˫޵ѪӤ⣡
ڴڵһصѪˮ׿߳￴ȥȴֻѪӤήҵع߳ϵıһĶ̴ֱֱ̣ᴩѪӤš
Ʒħ㳦̣
߳Ƴ׿һۣǸ㳦˲ջص䡣ԭǴ̳ҪӱڵѪӤһ̹ᴩˡ
ͨһѪӤˤ˵ϡ׿ҲϥأһƬ֮ɫֱţĻ

һߣлҪٽȴ˦ؿڣ³һѪߣ㳹˹ȥҺ׻ˣ
ûȥˣ߳ϻ׿ǰٴγΪһƬƽ֮ɫĹ⣬ûһ˿顣
СӣϷųϹ磬˲µϷ˼
߳ϿһֱѪֹڼ½׿ܲĺܲļϣϷеη塣иһʮ꣬ħۣһߣ𳤷磬Ҳز֡ϧûˡΪϷҲ¡ɳȥϷָоģǵһ
˵ţ̧߳һƣ׼׿˽᣺Ϸ˵ڻ㾡ϣǰϷʵǿھԵʵǰκƺֶΣͽ͡

ûٶ˵ʲô߳һ׿Ǵ£׹⡣׿ǺХƷڶ߻
ʵҧҧȴûκΰ취
˾ˣϣʵϡǸˣˣǣǲģкܶû
ΣˣûȨκ飡
ر۾׿һʧȥʶ

ͻȻһ쳤أȻɽ߳ϵһƸոմ׿ͷϷһ״һȵȴأȻϯ
֮еľ˲ήֻգ۵Ĺ򣬱Ȼݻȥ
߳ϲɴ󺧣ӿһҲͣ׿ͷ
ңңķ߳ɫɲΪڶ򡭡
ٴο˿Ѿڵϣ²ʡ׿ǣ߳ҧҧһæطȥǽɳҲҪˡ
һһ˻˲䰵һֻȶž޴Ĺ񣬴ƬƿϷɹա
кȫɪɪضԼĶѨ֮С
ȼɫ棬ÿһȶлǷ䡣մĵطȻΪޡ
֮ǰде֣˲㻯ΪһƬҽһЩļմǻ棬Ҳʬ޴桭
Ĺֻһ³򣬱˲ɹµɭȴҲڡ
׿˶Ƭ̿УþòѡЩ޿ˣȥţûʲôϢΪѾˣ뿪ˡ
ʵֻǳϢȥԼϢѡ
ȿȿȡ
ȻһѦ㻺˫ǰһȴһΪǰľȻһƬ̿
ò߳ϴսʱɵİɡ
뵽æ²쿴Ѱ׿ǡȴֻҲȫ˹ȥ׿ΣȻһƬѪˮǹѪˮڲͣشð
ȥܿҪˡ


66 
׿磡
һѦæܹȥſѪе׿ȴؿڣȻһȭͷѪֱ͸󱳡ɫҲԽԽ԰ףڼٱȥ
ѦеˮϾ͡ա׿磬ѣѰ
ǱˮѣǶ߲ϵغһѳ˯ʶ׿üͷ΢΢˶˫
׿磬ˣѦһϲ
׿˶촽ȴȫ˵Ȼ̫ˡƺٹ˶ãͻ᳹ȥ
ǰ޵滨ӣ׿΢ͣһȻһǿһֻ첲Զָָܿ죬
Ѧ˳ָķȥȴѪӤήҵſڵءΧҲһ̲Ѫ
ҰùѦ㿴׿ʵ
׿ûشֻ΢΢գգ۾ǣѦϱˣѸٽѪӤ׿ǰʾģŵؿϡ
ʱ䣬ήҲѪӤһ˲ʧ׿ڡ׿Ҳһɫ˺󣬺ĴҲԽƵ
ѪӤ˫ޣڱҪֻҪѪӤû£صҲںڣѪӤȻΣֻԼѪСˣҲֻܳŵһʱѡ
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ѪѪ׿˻ɤӣ૵
Ѧһ˼Ƭ̣óһذԼһѪ˲˳ţϽŵ׿ߡ
ŮѪһεε׿У׿ɫҲڽָ
Ѧ·˲٣һ¶һ˿οЦݡ
Ȼ׿͵̧ͷȻҧסƴѦ㵫һʹȴҧţ׿ܹա
ʱһһĹȥ׿Ѫ˿ͣѦɫȴԽԽ԰ףǰҲʼģ
ףʧѪɵġȴں׿ʡ
ڣ׿ɿ˿ڣڴڵغʿǵѦ԰׵ʱȴЩӡ
лл׿ЩѪҺ˵ѦˣȻһЦȻڿɫ԰ףЩЦ׿
뵽ԼǰЩΡ
һһ׿ּһɫƿѦǰ
ƷĵιһţԼһţȻȥСûСûҲһš
˻Ѧһͷ׿˵׿һšȻȥ쿴лƣûѾתɴϲιһšֻǵԼʱȴʡˡ
׿ȻŲһҲˣΪʲôԣ
ҡҡͷЦֻܵˣ¡Ʒҩصģǰɡ
ǺǺǡʲôصģǱ͵ģ԰ײԣ
׿Цһ̾˿ɽ˳׼㹻ʯиָĵҩ
лҺǱṩһЩΪϡеĵҩ⣬׼ȫˡһЩⵤҩ۹ҲģħҲԼ
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ʱһͻȻѦת׿ȥлҲˣȻ׿ôΣҲȫ޷ٶˡ
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׿ܶҲһ׿ηûôˣ㻹֪ɣλ׿һʼҪ㣬㵱նġ⸱Ҳܣߣ
׿˵ƻʱѦ׻籩л˹ȥһϣؿ׿
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ƺܵеʹ׿üͷһԥҡ
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˵꣬ѦȻתͷԶȥȥЩ֦ӣɲǳ֮ء
ıûһܿˣлһüιôŹˣڿһܶôа
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ȴںһһǰС
һ·ϣ˶û˵һ仰лһʼţѦûһѵˣҲȻˡ
ѦĬĬŶнɫԽԽ԰ף׿л˴˶һۣ°̾ζӳ£֪ʲôζ
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󡭡
ʪ·ϣһɶһֻɽȻ˳ܵѦǰ
СһѦ֪׿ͷһչ¶Цݡ
Ϊǰ˲ҪԸ߳ϣѦСһܵжԶܶԶû뵽ڣܻˡ
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Ѧ֪Ҫ·׿лﱼȥһһտɽ
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׿²쿴һȴɫһ䣬ﲻܴǿߣ


67 һ
Ѧһ㶣ؿ׿
׿üͷ壬˫ֱֱɽɢһصɫӲݣ㿴ȫǽǲݣ
ǲ滺ƣͣͦõİʲô𣿡лһüֵ
׿η۶ǶԣǶޣǲã
лһƺ뵽ʲôе˵壿
صص˵ͷ׿϶û⻹֮䲶ʳµ塣ɽˣҲˣ
СΣͷԼ궴ܵƫƫҲǣҪʲôãлҧҧһͨŭȫСϡ
ƽʱںһ㡣ڣˣʱȫûаַ֮ƫƫڣôԭʼ֮С
뵽ýŵӣûĹɱˣȴһ˲ʡ
ɽƺҲ൱ί˼Դ
Ѧв̣һ߰ڻﰲһ߳һ£׿ô죿
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׿̾˿ɫ쳣أϢҩЧѹЩһȻˡڣڳأ
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ѦҲһݣ׿ȴȻƽ
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׿һЦõǰѽֲҪӲƴֻҪͻƳȥͿˡ
˵ţ׿һһֻСƿǰûȥ
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׿һƬȻ֮ɫͻΧ󣬾Ϳ뿪ƬɽҲҪٻؼˣֱӳȥɡ
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ΪɽֻһڣǶеȺһֻ
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ڵɫ൱԰ףӭҡһͻᵹȥһȴ쳣ᶨ޾ɫ
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ؿǽС׿ͫһһƺһɹȵůͫдת
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ţһͷһֻҧסҪ𷴿ȴȻˡֹֻǵѹƣѾ͸֧˶㣬޸
ͷǷֱ˫ۣѪֱҲѾȫû֪ˡ
׿лѲµֽɽ˫ȥΪǲ뿴ѾͷȺǷʳľ
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ͻȻһ޺Ȼɽ纣һ㣬˵Ķ߻׿лէž޺֮ûüԾȻȥ
ЩѪǣͫһ˲ûʶǧȺͨͨصһƬֻڲҡ壬ɢſ־֮ɫ
ǻδܣһɫĻ㻯һֱ˲ɨƬеѪǣ⻮֮󣬱ȫΪޡ
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У׿ƺں֣ɻã۾²쿴
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ԣ׿תת飬Ҫ޻ܸʲôȻΪʵˣ
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Ȼһ췢׿ʱ;Դһըһ㡣
ʱ˷ЦСһʶռ䣬˵ѣҿǺ׾Ͳġ
ͫһ׿ۿеӰɴʧɫ
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˵ûзʵȨΪʲôҪȸ˵ʵ
׿һ֪û취ҪȥϿѰżҪȸҵף
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ƺҲû뵽׿Ĵ𰸻ǺܿǴЦ˷֮Աð̫ˡǸõطӦȥ
䣬৵һͻȻʧ˲׿ǰ׿Ӧɴ󾪡Ǿûе⣬Ҳٶ
ͣ
һָ׿ͷʱ䣬һɫĻͷԼš׿ȴǸеһ󣬴ͷ
ǺǺǡСһϷԵСϣպлﵽ㣡
ٴʧӰĻȴ׿ǰصҪȸǧǡܷѱͿıˣ


68 ֮
ȵȣ
׿һ͵һƴĿɽʹ۾ɵС
ʱ˿̣žķ֣ȻԶˡ
ȻڻЩȻȬ롣ϸӣֻѪӤȵĵﴦήңѾǰϢֻС۾Ѿʼ΢΢ۿҪѹ
²ɺȻ׿ȫԿ϶Ǹʶռˣ˷׵ĸ֡򲻿˴ͨһҹ֮ƺƣѪӤҲһƺá
ֻǡ˽ӽԼкĿģ
׿üͷ壬̧ԼĶͷλáļǵãͷһ㣬ƺʲôڡ
ڵʵȴȫ޷̽
һ׿ҡҡͷȥˡҲǾԼʹʲôĿģҲԺ¡
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ͨһУ׿һ̧˶⡣ȻЩľǽ̿ȴȻġ
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һ˿͵ԪһȦ׿³һ
ѾͷֻƤˣҪҪѪȺƴȫԪľŻձûˡ
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˵ţСѾͷٴλ˯˹ȥ
׿ģвһᱧŵɽЩǲݰߡ
࣬滺ƣõĶҲкô
ȻֱɻԲѵлǰ̬Ȼûôˡ
ιѣѣ
׿ý£ȴҡҡͷȻ
龰׿Цһ̧һűݺݵߵƨϣ

һ쳹أɱĲҽ쳹ɽ֮С󣬶һ澪㤵ؿǸ
꣬ʲôȻ˾ɽôµĹԽԽôˡ
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һẓ̌㻹ǽĴүûʲô氡׿лǾĪӣɺЦ
лʱҲ׿һ㶵ףҵģƾʲôһģƾʲộܶ
׿ȻʧЦҪǶˣȻƽȡϧǶţֲܶԡ
ʲôǻţ
лûֻš֣㲻ɵ־ϲٴο⻷ʱǴЦȻǸɽǹš
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׿ͷû뿪ɡǡԽԶԽã
˵꣬׿תߡ
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׿һؿһۣĪһɸж
лæǰȰ˵ιСӲɿġ
ǣѦĿ⣬ƺֻ׿ʱִ̾ǵ֮ϡ
׿һüҲҪ
ǰлصᣬҲҪ㣬ְˡ
Цһ׿ҡҡͷ
ƾǣ˵һˣ
ֻ仰Ҳֻ׿еһϷԡڰˣñ˭Ҫ
֮󲻿ɵá


69 
ɽɽïܣգ׶ĺкҵİнˣδ̤Ȼ亹죡
һصͰĲݴԼ䣬δз紵ȴڲϵضš
׿ȫſڵǰĲݴмȻѾϢȴͬһڶֻҪЩ͵޿ܵĻᶼûУᱻ̽ܡ
ԣַֻʽһһǧн
ֲĽ˶ǰصȫһ亹Сǰн
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н˰죬˲ʮȥлڴڵش͵ڰֵӲˣ̫ˣ˵ô弶ޣ
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лмƲƲ죬һȦЦʲôϵ߲ïģôɻ޿ǣ

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һӺ󣬶ԽԽһ·Ѿе죬죬ɸӽ
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׿ͫһһ󼤶˹Ȼûƭҡȸϳط
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һͷȫȼųɫķʨһëȼųɫĻ⣬ʮɣһ˫չҲɶ೤һӣ죬ȫҷ
ޣʨ
׿üͷһ壬вһʨ֮ǿѾ߼ޱȼ硣ȸͷʵԿ
ԭ׿㣬ȸһֻƴܾ˵ĻܳûȸѪϣûշ
ϧȸĶƫƫʨӣȸܻܱܿʨһҧҪշȸļƻҪˣ
УһҪУ
ǣôأͷսȫվֵ಩Լɵسȥá
䣡
ͻȻ׿˼֮ʱͷٴν档
ʨһһСɽĻ棬ȸȥȸ˫һչӿ˲ǻ顣
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СǶȻиȸ֣Ҳ޶ԡ࿴Сˣ
Ѧ飬ȴ˵
ȸԲ


70 
֮ǲҪκͽȥ
ѦĻ䣬һֱΣ⼸ûзԹκлȴһ̬ͷһصҡҡͷ
Ȳ˵ǵʵ벻ȥ֮ƴѾǼ򵥵֮ɣǶԵ̺͵λᡣս֮УҲû˭˭û˭֮˵ǲҪΪǣƴ
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һɫС綸Ȼ׿ͷȼһ̣һɿֲѹȻϯɽ޽͵һΡΡصƽ߰ͷ­
ڻ˴ֻޣҲ˲ƽڵء
ʨƿռʵһצȻ׿ǰͣɫĻ΢΢ζʨͭͫһɵز


71 һ

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ǻʨͫȴһһ·ǿʲôµĶͫг˿־֮ɫ
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׿ؿȻһתȥѦ㣺ǴͲֵܣ
лɫһƤɺݺݵس˳飬Ρ׿ȴԽԽ档
Ѧǰʱһ۵տѾһϢȸȻʨûиһ̫أȻˡ
лͬѦǳʨܺ󣬲ںζӣֻںСزء
ˣ׿Ԫ̽һҡҡͷ̾˿
ԭҪշֻȸҲȫˡ
׿磬ܲ취Ѧ滨ؿ׿׿ȴ΢΢ҡҡͷһƬɫ
ħʵļʶİ취ȷܶ࣬ȴû
ĻѦ㲻ɿ޵ĸģˮһεεȸϡ
ȸ΢΢۾ĿؿԶ
Ѧ˳Ŀ⿴ȥȴֻﾲطһֻ޵ǴʱǾ޵Ѿ濾ĽڣҲܷСˡ
ǰȸȻƴȫȻûܵסеĻһֻյЩ񵰡
ҪĺӣҹѦŴ
׿л˴˶һۣɢֿѰҡһҵĿšĿȫڣȫû
һأѦ㼱æʵ
׿ҡҡͷ̾һҲҲˡ
龰ѦɫһȸǰصԴ£ԲǺ㡣
ȸûпֱֱֻĿŽڵľ޵һ̣ͻȻһ⣬ǿŲŲǾ޴
޴֮£ž޵µµع˳ĿŲͬž޵൱ãֻһе㽹ڵĺۼ
׿ͫһؿȸһۣͷ
ǳʨˣתƣڱ֮ʱȻԼҪʲô֪ܱеľ޵Ա㰵ֻһš
ƱУʵֻעһšںʱȻԼӴŵ
ôʨɱˣŵҲᱻ֡Լڻĺӡ
뵽׿һľ⡣

һȸֻС۾׿Ӱ߸ģǶĶͷתֿ˿µľ޵гϣ
Ҫŵң׿²
ȸ˵ͷֻ۾ǿŵʱ֮ɫ
׿ʰ𣬲ɰ̾һŵˣҲãǡ
׿üͷ壬ſȸǰ˼䡣ȸһűοص˵ͷ
ٴοԼĺһۣȸر۾һƬȻ֮ɫƺԼĺи׿Ȼ԰ĵȥˡ
Ѧ㿴СȥɵøģǺ
׿л˴˶һۣа̾һ벻Ѧ㾹Ȼ˸аģһֻ޹ϵ޵Ҳĵز
ǶǶȸЩѣȴﲻĳ̶ȡ
ܸͲҪ̫ѹˡ׿һȰ
ǰ벻ȸֻǼһ棬ͶԵлҲǸЦһԴ֪Ȱ˵޵ϡﻩСѾͷ
ԣѦĨһϵۣӵ㡭ǱᣬȻСҲܿҲΪޣ롭ˡӣҾҵĵǰҲǲһеıңչҡ
ǲɺݺݵس˳飬л׿һۣοЦ
ԭѾͷǴ飬˵ô˷ḻء
Ȼ㲻Ϊȸʬˡ׿εӣһӱ㽫ȸָУѦŵͷҲԡ
ֻлЩۺ죺ι޵ʬ壬Ϊɶһ˶̰
ȫ¶Ǳ޵ʬ壬ѵõϡңҲԺŪ֣лԴ˻Ǻܿصġ
ббƳһۣ׿ո㿴ȸĵи˰ɣʬҲһչ˺ȥȥ
˵ţ׿ת뿪ˣлȥԥһ£ҲͲȥˡѾͷһ˶Է̫ȫȻҲûô
ৣ
һƧ֮أ׿Ƚеĵ£Ȼһӣǰһڵʯͷȸʬ塣
ؿǵһۣ׿һԪȻһųĻ档
Ԫ֮Ȼﲻս˵ĿģûˡһѺɫʯͷƿռָĽʯ
ʯͷԭʮϡУҪҺͻаѳ֡ǱͻҶҵ֧ԮҲŪϵƷ
ҪƵģǴػĿռָ
ָֽһռַָͬӣŲ⴫ҪģҪĶ
޵ǣٺò
ŵȸȸĻ⵰ܵش׿̥ˡ
رȸ׿ڸϣ⵰ΪħϿ
Ϊˣ׿ȸǰ˵֪ԼĲԼĺӻȥȸҲȻӦˡ
Ҳֻ׿λĸ׵ľأ󲻹𲻴Ӧ׿϶Ҫô
߳
׿ǰһָʱǰ죬һ϶˽ȥӡٱ仯ܻ⣬׿һĻȡ
·Ŀ꣬ϾҪʵƵġ
ҹȺ貣Ѧлؿƿеǡȸĵ̣ûĻȫģӶûС
Ȼƿ죬׿˲ڶߡ
Ѧ㿴һϲ˹л߹´׿һۺĵȸʬ㴦ôˣ
΢΢ʼ磬׿Цж˿飬ϡ
ѦһæС졣лȴνڰֵûµģ޵ʬ󲿷ֶôãֻǲ֪ʲôö
л֪׿󷨣ôҲûʲôֵˡȥôãһĹµ׿ȥʲôħˡ
ι֪֪ʮԲŻ˼Уȸ龰ʱ޵ϡﻩ
лĻ׿üͷһؿѦһۡѦǺͷƺΪ¶Ρ
ǺǺǡȻĵҪͷС׿Цһ˲һֻ׹Ľָϡ
ȸʬƵĴָ䣬ԴػһֻһָֻֻΪһ壬ֻҪָзӦ֪ڸˡ
˵ţ׿̧һֻ֣Ҳһֻ׹Ľָ
ѦͷһϲͷŽָȭͷ׿ЦһҲȭָֻžһһ𣬷ž
лһԣôⷭ죬׿㡭㡭Ҳһֻ
ûУ׿ɫ˲£Ƴһۣ費
УһֻȻһԽָлͨ죬ļ١֪ģڲںļֵں׿ѦϽеһԽָÿһֻ
ƺǿ˼׿°̾Цŵͷһ빲ôܲһֻأ
˵ţ׿׳һöͬĽָлϣɴϲæѦҲһȭ
ˣ˷ֱֻ䣬ֻҪӦ
׿˶һۣĿлʲô
лһԴûʲôͻȻֻɽ󣬲ָĺܸҰ͸
СͲˡ׿ƲƲ
лһŭǻ㺦ģ
ٴγѦһԿЦݣϲ£졣ʱ˿̣ڷ䣬ʱôֹͣ˾ǵһ
һҹڶ峿˿ʼط
˭Ҳûע⵽֮⣬һֻľעǵһһȼɫĻ棬оâһųɽȥ


72 Ѧ
ǰķ׿ǰֻһ£ص˵ڶ򣬽ŷ˵һ
̤Ƭ԰ȫ˶һǵϣֻ׹⣬ͬ˵Ľϵһ
ڣֻҪ߳ڤǣȫȫˡ׿ңԶڤǵķ΢΢һ̡
ɽȻûշȸǵõĵ֮Ҳ㲻С
Ѧüͷ΢壬Щĵصǣǵ߳ϣ᲻ץǣ
Ӧòᣬ׿ҡҡͷʱûиÿٲһ˽ǵ˼Σյ£ŻˡµĶҲΪѾǶŪˣԲץˡ
ʲôлһüֵ
Цһ׿ҲҡҡͷʱѾԣ֪ʱ״ֻ󣬲ŷΧȫ˷棬ŲпµĶ
Ϊ֮ȴѣǾֻүˣ
͵͵Ǳȥûˡ׿˶һֿۣѦЦԺ㵽
Ҳ֪
ѦɫһҡҡͷǳһͻȻ׿׿磬ȥҾ͸ȥ
׿һüͷ΢΢лȴǴ󼱣æҪȥɡ˵׷ڤȵҲܰô
ԣѦ۾һص˵ͷð׿磬Ҳһȥưɣһûпǿʲôء
лȻЩ죬ôˣҲε׿ϣҾһȥҼͰɡ
˿׿֣ؿ˶һۣЦҡҡͷˣһ£Ժлᣬټɡ
֮л˽㶣ǲ֮ɫ
Ȼл׿ԸÿҪһءϾ빲ֵܣû顣
ιһͦӭ㵽Ҽҵġֵܣ͸ӡ
Цҡҡͷ׿ϷŰ˵ˣҸֲֵܣ
ǡ
ȻлһƿͻȻ𣬽һǿѹ˲ѹϣ˭Ҳߣ
ৣ
һɫӰͻȻǰ¶һͷڰĳɽӭһ˫Ŀֱֱ˲š
ǿߣ
ͫһ׿лѦߣ˴صضһۡ
ڤȵĳ𣿡
֪û
׿СллȴãҡҡͷֻǿԿ϶ǣͷǵ񣬼ֱһǵˡ
ȻʱѦȴὫԲС߳ȥӵүү
үү
лһסˣ׿ȴüͷһгѦΨһǿߣѦ棬Ѧ죿
ûСӣѦһѽѦߣϸ˿е⼸ȥˣϷɽҰ㰡
Ѧһεصͷ૵Բүүˡ
̾ѦŮԴҡҡͷֶݺݵʵ⼸СǲǶһûôɣ
Ѧ㵱Ȼүү˵ʲô£ߵͨ죬ŭصһֵۣүү˵ʲôء
ߣûоͺã
Ѧ³һתֿ׿˵˭ҴӣѦյģ

䣬лؽ׿ˣǺģûӡ
η۶׿ֻܰ̾ˡǰһʱҲֳ֪ԡǰˡ
ô˽ģ
ʲô˽
ȻѦʳڣл㲻һ˲侾ס׿ڣҡҡȥ׿˵ʲôʱֹϵģ
Ѧһ㶣ԵѦ㡣Сʲôˣô˵£Ϸż
Ѧ޺޵صүүһۣߵöӣյͨظ
үүϺͿôʳڣѦԹԴȴǲʱ͵͵̧𣬿һ۱ҡĻȥ׿С¹ײ
ȵȣǱᣬֻҴ·ûб£
׿˰֣лͣһˡ
Ѧ׿ӣѣͷãȻˣչŮôķϣҾͲΪˡ
ߣϷؼҡѦѦ㣬תҪߡѦ㲻ؿŶˣлһҪ׷ȥ
ͻȻһ˶ǰ
ȵȣ׿
ѦͷһۣС㻹к£
㲻ܴȥ׿۾һУ֮ɫңȰҲҪٻȥˡ
ͫɶ˶Ѧüͷ𣺡ʲô˼
ʵ㣬˵ĹߣҲˣѾڳѦˡȥֻ·һ
Ѧ첻ɴʧɫתͷѦ㣬ȴֻѦӵص˵ͷ
׺䶥һ㣬ѦԴһըˣ˶ӣɵͨһˤڵء
һǿߣȻˤɼ˶Ĵ̼
龰Ѧʱ£үүߣ𣬱үүԲ𡭡
ѦؿȴǺݺݵ߬ȭͷŭֲ̡ĿͶ׿ϣȻһɱ⡣
ǣǸѦҴֻ֮֡Ҫǽȥ߳Ͼͻˡǵˡ
䣬Ѧ˲׿ǰһƻ
ͫһ׿΢ʱ䣬ӰˡѦһ䣬㽫Ӱȫɢȴû׿Ӱ
һ̣׿أȻı󣬳ѪɫâһȻȥ
ѪӰƣ
²һѦȫѪȻڲףӺͶΪζС¡
׿ʵΪһأһ쳣죬Բ²⡣
ϧв֮ء
ţѦವһʧ׿ǰ׿ͫһ´󾪣Ҫˡ
һɴϮ׿ͷһ𣬲³һѪ㱻Ѧһƻɳʮȥ
ȻҪ׷ʱһĽ⣬˲ϮлƷҫǽֱָš
ʱ䣬Ϊ֮һ·ֻѽĹâ˸֮䡣
似
ѦͫһҴ⣬һ৵һʧӰ˲лǰһƻ
ۣ
л³һѪ˳ȥ׷Ȼˡ
׿л˴˶һۣºȻֵʵʵֲǿ֮ǿߵһ֮С
ոǽսʱϳʵֻһϢ֮䣬Ȼֳʤ
׿л˼֣Ҳ˲ֵһë
֮ǿʵ˵սľ


73 ¯
ס֣
ѦҪǰ׿£һ˺ѷεشȴͻȻ
Ѧһת׿ȥȴѦ۵ؿǣϻһֻذףԼϡ
ʲôѦһ
ѦүүǰɣǶҵѡ
ϷǣѦҾٲˣҧҧѦݺģŤͷȥһһӡ׿ȥ˸Ѫ׹⡣
үүǰһԲǰѦһڲذײ漷˼
ʱ䣬Ѫɲ¡
ҪлһѦȴҧǰȥ·ȫŮһ㡣׿ȴѾ
۾΢΢һУ׿ɴЦѦ죬ǸϺͿΪץסǾͿԾѦңʵѦҸˡ
ʲô˼
৵һ£Ѧͣ˽Ų˫Ŀض׿
һЦ׿һԵлĵ֪˭߼ңƾһ壬ץҵˣ
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ҵĵΣõŸͨҲǻ軨ۿˣСõǺֱУõǺ似һõĳ𣿼УģҲͨӰɡ
䲻һ£Ѧҡ˼ȫ亹졣
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ͨ
һ仰ǳװѦסˣһˤ˵ϣؿǰͷ亹ֱð
ȻѦڤȸ壬߼֮ĶԹ򲻸Ҳġһ¶ˣһһڻңڤȽ׳ȥ۶գһ¡
뵽ѦʱһɱݸȻ
Ѧҽ겻Ϊλزκ͵߼¶֮СС£ȴɽһ㣬Ҳò
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лЩ֪룬æҪȲ˵үү˼ôǿߣһǿܲ
ҪǷڽǿ߶ǳϼģܸ¹
ǣû߹ȥȴǱ׿һסˡ
Ҫ͸óӵܵļ׿Слһص˵ͷ
үүɣ
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ǡ
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ǣ಻֪ˡѦ콫ͷ͵ʹ£ͷ亹ֱð
ߣǰˡҪˣѦңڤȣȥҪ˰ɡ
ȵȣ
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üͷһ׿ؿһֻֻۣмᶨ;֮⣬أȻһ˿
Īǡǡ
뵽׿ͫһһɱ⡣˲лƷҫǽһϼһﱳĴȥ
Ҫ
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ҿСӷˣ
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ף
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ǺǺǡǲˣǵ⡣׿һЦ̾˵޹ȥŮѾȫˣֻôȥ𣿡
ʲôôܣѦһ˼ҡҡͷΪʲôôǶǿĹ
ΪģԲѡ¯
Ļһʲô¯
Цһ׿ĵħ֮УһѼԩΪֶεĹƽ⣬Թ̫ط׷ԼԱҪ꣬Ϊ׻ʮĴӣõĲϡ
˵ҪлɵǵؿѦһۡ
˵ͷ׿ʮ֮˾ǻǲǵ߳ʹ似Ǳ似ȴûȫɣҲ̫¯ãûзֵԵʡ
˻
һ˶Ǳ˴˶һۣû뵽ڤȾ˴Ϊϡ
׿ȴνħ˽ûʲôģֻҪԼͺá
뵱ʥҲһʽ׸Ϊħɱߣʥ߹ַͬͬΪħ֮ˣҲ֮죬Ҫ
һΣħеļж
ɣʱ׿ҲһԱĿλʥƵΪʱһ㣬ûµһʵͱµһĳޡ
õ¼󣬶ʮֵ͵ڣħ󻯾ΪҲɱôˡ
ҪǱǷĶˣ


74 
һľ
׿˵˶Ĭ߻ĳСƽʱôöʱȴ룬˷ơ

ĬΣѦ֮ɫͻȻλү˵Ļ㻹뿪ɡ
үүѦһؿ
һЦѦνҡҡͷģϷȥ²Ǵ²λү˵үүһ㡣ʱ򣬿ɱүүٱȥˡ
˵꣬ѦѦԴ৵һˡ
ǽԶȥĲӰѦ鶯һ±ӣ᲻
׿磬үүȥΣհɡ
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ǸүûȥĻ˿ܻһʱ乶һȥȫҾһڡ
ԣѦһ׺䶥㶶˶ӣԾص
лһԿọ̀ɴιֲĹ߶Ļ׳棬ƾʲô˵үүȥȫ˶ģ˵Ļȥһλ֣Ĺ߼ɵ
ߣʹˣ䲻Ĺ߶׳棬һ·ˣ뷨ҴܴһǵȻ϶ѦұڤȣһȥնݳʱѦүӳ˵Ļ
׿ͣһ£Ѧ㣬̾ûҵλֵ䣬˵үүүүһȥ޹˼ɡ
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ʧЦһ׿ҡҡͷΪѦһλ֣ҪѦȥ󣬲նݳ⣬һˣֲǿǣ޹ҵֲ¡
ĻѦΪλ¹ĲңĽҲΪԼ¹򣬶ΪѦҡǸǣ޹ҵɢޣովҲ֡
ǡлҪ˰죬ȴǺȻ֣Զԡ׿ǰ˵Ļ᲻ֻ֪ǿѦİݣҪοһ¶ѡ
׿˵ȴֱӣÿ仰ͬһѦѡ
ҧҧл޲׿ȭѾͲһڵ飬˵㰲ο˵Ļô
ˣˡ
ͻȻѦһ׿׿磬֪ķһ򶼺еʵңһȥ¯ݸ̸ܱ߳ܲȫҵ
ͫ΢΢һлɴ󾪣ɣ
׿ҲƤһ۾ǼоĿ⣬̾˵ͷĹóݣû似ɡɼ¯ڤ൱ȱ취ҲУֻǡ
ûʲôֻˣֻҪԾˣ
Ѧ˰֣³һ·һƵģϲЦտֻ׿лˣѦЦдգġ
׿磬磬лл⼸µչˣǾʹ˷ֱɡֻǡѦ˳ӣЦСֱڻû߳ȥûܵһź
˵ţѦЦŰ˰֣תߡ
ıӰл˫Ŀ죬ΪǶ֪ŮҪʲôȥԼȥ˵

л͵̤ǰһһ˿ǻ̤ڶѦƤȴڶ˶ǰ𣺡ɲҪǿŶ֪Ҵ򲻹һһӣһӶǵġ
ǰȻֹлҧҧιڵأ崿ıӰʧǰ
ι׿ȥˣѦܱס𣿡лͳʵ
ʱɡ׿ҡҡͷһƬƽ֮ɫΪ¯֮ʱѦһСҲᱻͬʱ
Ϊλȥлݺҧ촽ѪȻҧţ֮ŭ
ؿһۣ׿١֮ҲΪ˱סˣܹȥˡ
쵰

л͵վһתһȭ׿գֱʮ׶Զְˡ
һлתѦʧĵط׷ȥ
Ҫʲôȥ׿ĨһǵѪվ
Ҫȥлּᶨ֮ɫ
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Σ˫ȭ˽лҧгݵܱʲôðɣһΣлĹߡ
ϴȣͲ׵֮Уٶٿ죬ǶܸϡڣβƤӵ²Ȼǲǣ
˫ȭݺݵ߬׿лȫסǣȴ޷׿ֲΪ̬ȡ빲ϾҪΪȥˣȻܹûһʲôлΣܡ
׿һֱ֪ǸֵεСӡǣΪˣۺûܸԼŵ԰ɡǴӦǵģҪǸų򣡡
һл˦ǰȥ
ȥǶҲֻܸɿţʲôҲˣ
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л׷ﳤȥӰ׿ɽ˽˫ȭоһ૵˭˵ʲôҲ
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׿ͳħɷӲ˵ħɷôǸĹطȴȫ˵ˣǽ˵ħһơ
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󣬽ħĲڣǧѵһ缡һ㣬ʹֱǱٻҪ򱶡
һñξٲΣճ̶ȣħɷ֮ϡ
ң뵱꣬ûõ¼֮ǰ׿ħɷҲû¶ȥΪ⹦̫˵Ȼǿ̫Ű̫Σա
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뵽׿ͻȻһ·Ѿ¶˾ģһ
ʱ䣬ǹͼǿʼ˴۵ĹâҲתǽɳҲתγһС磬ϥ׿塭


75 
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ȵɳﵽʱȫѾѪɫǻͨһɹѪһɳСѪ㣬϶ɣȫ
ϸȥĻȫѱɳƻмá
ֻǿʼˣʹҲѾ̷ֲ֮ʹ
ǣΪܹѸٱǿ׿ȻǿҧأԶһ¡ϸܵ亹Ѿȫ׿Ĵħͷ˿ֲ֮£Ҳ۵ɪɪ

ͻȻ׿ͫһ̲סгΪɳѾļ굽ļ
ʹȼ֮ʹʹһٱ֮ࡣҲֹסгǺܿսͣǿ
һŲϲգѾǵͨ졣
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ң⻹ֻǵ˼ⲿ֣֮Ҫ͹ǿอʱʹ̡
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ǹͼڲתɳ׿ڴһʱڽмȫƻȻֱĹͷȥ

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ʱУôǿอʱ򣬾ͱȻҲ̲סʹࡣһԪɢֻ˫۱͹ص˵ϡȻѪˮȻɼҰ׵ݡ
̸ڣ治֪ǾħԼԹûУȻ˱̬֮
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СһͿˡ
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߻ͨˣԶĵطԪǼ롣
ɳͻȻϮԲ൱ֱݲԪԪһ˱ξ֮ء
û뵽֮ľȻԪ
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ףԪĥڻҷıԵǣȴް취ڵǱ֮ԪԽԽȻǴ֮ˣ޻֮
ǺǺǡû뵽ħʣȻԼģǿЦЦ֪ˣӾͲ֮ˡ
׿ԳһЦǰԽԽģҲеԽӵ
ǹͼתţĽɳѾѪˮȴϾٿһֻۡһ˿ʶд棬һ˿ʶҲᱻĥʱˡ
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ڵѪӤ΢˫ϥĵڡէ˶ɫҺӿϲ֡һһֵԼ
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ʱ䣬Ѧ쵫ؿգɺѪȪһ籡
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УôȥˡٺȥֻᱻСһоʤͻȻĹ۾һУҲ֪Ʋ߹ܲãǶ׿˵Ǵʱ˿̣Ҳˡ
һģ
һĹ°һȻ׿˦ȥ
Ѿˡ׿һֻ̣һ䣬˷ơ
ͻȻ˫ٽ׿֮ǰȴȻһ䣬ı˷ֱֱһͷѦȥ
ۼƷħԼϮѦȻŵûʧɫʱವһһ׹׿Ӱ˲ǰһ˦žһ㽫ķ˳ȥ
ԭˣԭ˰
龰Ĺ߲ŭЦ׿׿Ϸҵˡɽʱ˽һֱϷɵԽϷҲһֱΪϷ򱨳ġҲ֪ԭΪ
ΣյĽֲʲôı䣿㣬ʼյ׿ؿ
ߣһ飬ϷĶɵ֡ڣѾСѾͷ飬Ϸ򷴶ʤȯˣ


81 һоɱ
˵ţĹ߽һ̤˲˿У׿ķ򣬽ᶯӡ
ʱ䣬һӰǰ滹Թꡣ
ڤȵ似ӡˣɴ󾪣صصӡһ似ͬԪ񹥻ģʤվµߣӡΪ֡УԲѣ𡣡
˵Ȼᣬȴش׿ڣ
һ㣬ĹҲ֪ȴģЦСӣҶ㿪ӡͻֱӴѾͷϡһˣӦòܵùɡ
׿磬ңһһҪ㿪ֻҪҵǣҲм㡣ԣѦ㼱
׿ȴǻ׿һۣЦҡҡͷȻֿеĹߣҵˣڣ˲
ãϷ㣡
ЦһĹ͵ǰһָǹӰȻ׿ȥѦһҪȥ£ȴѱ׿ϵһ㽫
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һ췢ǹӰ׿ϡȻ䣬УǧɫŰΧڡҵİŷ·ǼûгԹһҪǰ֮˷ʳ
л龰ɴ󼱣硣Ҳ̾ҡҡԴ
УҲ޿κΣοһ͹Ǿأ
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Сӣɫͷһѵħ飬㶯飬㡣Ĺ߹ЦһǱƵ׿Ѧ㣬СѾͷСӾǱ㺦ġ
ͫһѦٿѾɻɫӰ׿޵ĸ
Ϊ˾׿ٶȣһС
׿磬Բ𣬶Һ㣡Ѧ
ǺǺǡɵѾͷͷǰޡԽʹ࣬Խˣ
ͻȻһŻɫоǴ׿Ц˶һͣ˼ؿȥ׿ݺ֮УȻƵ᣿
Ĺ߸ǾеܣԪӦѾɴ˲Ŷԣ
ƾСɱңǲ̫ˣϹ磿
ʱ䣬һɫĻ涸Ȼǻɫȼ𡣶һףЩɫͬèƵģæˣ±մһ㡣
׿ٴγǰͷȼһ⣬ԱߵĻɫɢ
׿һ̣૵ħ󻯾
ʱ䣬һȻзЩɫȫҽű˽ȥʧ׿ҲָоԪǿһ㡣
ԭħ󻯾ΪеĹǰԪֻΪԪ񲻹ǿ˲ɣײʹԪش
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ڤȵһߣϹĹߣ
ǣʱ˿̣ĵȴһɾ座֮⡣ָоǰûй˭аսԷŪڹ֮䡣
ڣ׿ȴһСȻκβ˶ԷƺеһжڶԷ֮С
׿èϷ㣬ϷڤߣҪȫᡣ⣬ƽΪ־顣
ЦЦ׿ٴοеĹߣϵĳǸ˶ܿó߳ϣ֪㻹ǲǵڼǰɽ˵ĻھԵʵǰκƺֶΣͽ͡
ֹͫסһĹ㷣һ˿
죬Ұ仰ԭⲻػ㣡
΢΢һ̣׿¶һаЦݣһʳָһУֻһУԴ
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ˣ׿˴ǰΪ˸𡣻˵Ѧֻ˳ѣҪĿľǸ
׿ֿʼһУһδδϼһԼҲһ£ھԵʵǰԼϹǶô
ԼǻۣھʵǰֻǸЦˡԼıѾĻҲκβ֡
׿һУԼΪıԼҲĿ
µСĹСӸöడԣҲɵкȻɫء
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ҲеħߣŰΪĿڰɡ
׿°һЦĹߣ׼ˣʶһʲôǾԵʵɡ
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ʱ˿̣Ѿ֪ɣΪʵʵ̫ˡǣȴԲ׿һ׿ԤԳ档
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۾΢΢һУ׿ƺּʱʹвһǿҵĺ⣺ģǻǰͣ
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Ѫͣش³Ĺ˫ͫ͵ſе׿г˺Ȼ⣬һ˿ã֮ɫ
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ţĹԴһᣬûϢֻͫȻֱֱţĿ


82 
ƿ֮У׿չֻͬϹŵħץһֻѪܵ࣬ڻڲͣ
ˣȴȻһ߱ʬ塣֮ʵ˫ͫУȫ־
ڳȫ̧ͷǾ֮ϵ׿ȫˣҴһ¡һɿֲķΧڤȵĻļӡ
һСֻһУͽмɵڤȵһߣϹ磬Ĺ߸ɱˡ
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һˤȴ˵ٴһǻ΢΢࣬˶ס˺㷡
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ԣгϣͷǵݷ׿ˣʧϵˣҲԹԡ
˭׿õĹߵԴأڳ˶顣
Ҳͬһʱ̣½嶼յͬһϢ֮࣬ǻϲأͬʱ׿Ҳмĸ߲ס
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83 ڤ׷ɱ
һžСɽȣ滷ɽֻһ¶һխ·ڣղ⡣ΧǱ֣䳱ʪǸֶϳûƵ֮ء
Ϊ֮ƣʹùг˸滨ݣĵرܶΪ˵õҩðȣȴ󶼶ԩڹɢʹùڸ
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Ǵʱ˿̣ڤһ޴ĻڣɽȴŭݵλϡԸһߣʮλȴֻоˡλȴǹ㣬յġ
һǿտҲĵطɽбֹסɢɱ⡣

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ˣɽһڤ壬۹ڤ׷ɱṩߣһɿԳΪڤȵĸ塣˭ԴߣϳΪڤȵһ壬һ֮£֮ϣ
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86 ɱ
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ԶģȻǸѹڤȵ߳϶ϡͫ˶׿Ŀ˿־壬Ȼҧš
Цһ׿ϷŰؿȻ֪ӵǻҶҳ֣ڤȶκβңѵΪǾͿ𣿡
ٺٺ١ԽΣյ飬رԽ󡣡ҧҧһЦ͵׿˹ȥֳ֮ɫһֻͻӰ˲
м似Хȭ

һ쳤һȭֻͻҲ׿ȥ۾΢΢һУ׿ЦһҲ淴һȭ

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ţһҵֱͻȻըѿѪõǡ

೤ϼˣɴ󾪣еȴ·ûƵģֻͭһ𺧵ضŶ׿Ŀǲŵ⡣
̵ģӸղžʲôϣôôӲ
ո׿潻ֵʮ
Ԫǿȣ׿ǿֻǶ͹һصʵǻǿȴ̫̬ˣÿһ缡ÿһͷƺɵģС
һȭ֮׿ʮףԼȴΪ֮첲ˡ
ģ㾿ʲôˣҴڴڵشŴɫȻɷףˣ
΢΢һ̣׿ɱһǲˣѾûʲôϵˡ
䣬׿һ̤ٻӰ
ʱ䣬׿ӰȻǼǰȭЩǶûӦͷؿڿһȭͷСѪ˲ûϢ
龰ʧɫ
һʼǻǵļôˣôö˶˵ֱۻͻȻѡȫ֪ˣСӹȻˡ
ɱ͹ǾָһתۼѪ֮ᴩ
μҽܼҲȫˡǰȷǼ׿ɱ͹Ǿصĸ֣Ҳû뵽׿ʵȻǿ̶ֳȣôֵİΧ£ɱֻһ
ʲôͽʵԵʵ
ʱ˿̣˿׿Ѳֹأȴ𺧡
׿֮ǰ͵Ϸ㡣㿴ٻСķϣһٲΪˡ
ڣҼȥʼͷǣ׿ȴЦһһʼѹ㣬ǧҪϡͿʲôľǼȻѾˣǾ͸óееĺǽܡ
˵ţ׿ٻһۣкһţѹҵˣʲôɽңСң̫߿ˣ
ԣٻһв֮ɫ
塭׿ֵܣҲǱƵģ㡭
˵ˣٻû˵꣬׿ذ˰ֵȻѾˣͲٽ͡ҷ뿪Ժټ
촽ٻݵصͷҲε̾˿
׿ȻģҲɵ߳ŭȵߣ׿ҪϾɱһϣƴͬھҲԲ˶ߣ
ŶҵǺڴôͬھ׿Цһؿ
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׿Ҫಫˡȴںâһ৵һһը죬ֻȻչſ˾һ
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ǻĻȣ׿˶ǾڴʱһͻȻ𣬽һεӰȻǰ
Сģ
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ѪĽٻ˫ͫ΢΢һǻһںɫѪȻصȥ
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üͷ˶׿̾
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׿Ӳ쿴ٻƣȴֻļͷϣѪȴǺں졣
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˵ţĨһᣬһ̵뿪ˡ
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ʮֺ׿ľһûжֶǳУܱܹԪ̽⡣
ֿ˿ٻɫԽԽҲڼʧ׿üͷ壬ĵӦǵڶְɡ
ôԪƶûˣֻõڶַһ¶ԵɢǾǣ󷨡
ǡֿ˿ٻǽزļͷ׿һʱѡ
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׿û˵꣬ٻȻˡ԰׵ϣɷ˿˿κ죬ŵԴ
ǡǾˡٻСͬһЩǽߵģ̲סҪϧһ
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׿ε죬촽˿ڴԪѪУȻµ档
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׿ԽԽɻһ㶾Ѫڶ֮УΪδʱٻĶѪȴһѪҺ޶ƺûж
ˣΪ˱׿һڿڵʳţֱѪҺΪʺΪֹ
ˣ´󲿷ֵĶҺѾˣӦòˡ׿̧ͷһеɻȴ˿
ȻʱһȵĽȴ͵شĻֻϸĸ첲Ůе㻺Ĳӡ
׿һιǡ
꣡
ٻᴵһ㣬˳Ȼ׿֪֪Ҽһ۵ʱ򣬾ϲ㡣
׿Ҷ˶ιܵϾҪˡ
ùٻ׿ձһ紥һض˶죬ֻҪһң
䣬׿ûӦٻһѱסԴ촽
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ͻȻ׿һȻһŭ֮ɫ͵һѾͽٻ˳ȥȵ㾿ʲô
׿Ժ䣬ȻܸоڡǶһоͻˣйŹ֡
ٻһˤڵϣû˵ʱһЦȴǶȻ𣺡ԵĵȻǺö
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׿һҪվȴأȻԴһΣֲò
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·ǿ˼ߴЦǲǺ֣ԼеĶٺٺ١ڸҲ޷ʵǰٻֻϸûֻͿЩѪҺɫҩˡĶҩٻֻϣոһĺܿİɡ
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һ˶һ
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ûҲΪİȫҩĿ㻹ûжѾҪˡ
аЦЦΪ˶Ը㣬ϷͲһеϸ֪ΪһСѾͷͷŵڤȡϷ֪֣ԲŰô˼ơСһȷСģҪ֪ɫͷһѵ
ԣ׿ʧЦû뵽ĹߵһսǱΪ˳ͷˡ
⻰ԡңڣһγֲΪŮˣ
ҡҡͷ׿ԼҪԼǸɫˣιͷļģĹ֮°
ǵȻ׿Լ߾ǰ˰Դ¶һԺ֮ɫĹ߲ǳϷðˣϷܳңɾͱز֮¡Сӣ֪ϷĳƺôὭأٺٺ١
۾΢΢һУ׿һЦὭϲ£ãܣ
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׿վӰ˶ɴʧɫأи͸¶ŵ⡣
洫ɢվֶ쳣ֵĶôô׾ͱƽˣ
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ͻȻͫһ·Ÿոע⵽׿ͷףɾгǶĶ
̧һ㣬˿ױٴɢȥ׿¶һаЦݣǺǺǡһ֮ˣֺα֪ôء
ԣ˶ɫһݣɵһ
׿ĿֲǸղſۼʶˣԵ仰һڣ˵жֹסһأɫҲѸٱ
ǿ׿ϽյУرְ˰ֵҲõģСӻϷƷţܡ

ȻĻﻹû˵꣬һصһɫĹȴȻؿһ
ӲһصأȻʳѪȴһƬã֮ɫ
Ϸ򡭡ôˣ
üͷ壬˲ǲѪɫȴһãȻֻԼԽԽ䣬ڼʧȴ֪Ϊʲô
ת׿һֻۣȫһ־ضԼؿڡ˳ǵĿԼؿڿȥȴǺȻ֣֪ʱؿȻһȭͷСĺڶɺѪϵشš
ңڲŸܵıȻҲ쬵ġʶȴ¶ȻһԭıҲһڡλãǱһȭᴩһ
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ϽյУ׿ڴڵشŴҲȻһ롣һֻȴצ״Լķ
һצǰյҲǿһȭͷСĶڣؿǸھһ޶
Ƥݺݵس˳飬ؿ׿¶˺Ȼ֮ɫҧҧȻƾѪ֮Ʒϡ˸

䣬رֱֱص˵ϡ˫֮УȻ˾֮ɫôҲ뵽ô졣
׿ƷУȴȻܹһɱ
ֲʵܰ쵽鰡ƾ֣Ҳڱ֮ʱʹһɡ
СӡȻǸϷңˡ
һ̣صг˿־⣬ȫǰû

һзٻ澪ֵæˣںҲŵ˫ȷȫظߣȥȴǸȥ׿һۡ
ڴڴ׿һ֣¶һаЦݣ˷֮ɫ
ħɷڶʽצ
һбϾ似׿㲻ֻһУҲȻ̼ԪٳһУ¾Ҫݽˡ
ȴǵȷˣ
ħɷΪģԽǿԽ󡣿׿Ҳû뵽Ʒħ壬似Ȼǿ̶ֳȣ
һʼҲֻԣܷƾнƷơôҲ벻ƷǿȣȻ˿סצһ˲ȡǿߵ
ٺٺ١ӵľȻǶԵģȻɹˣ͸ЩǿӲ似
׿һ̣о
৵һֻ͵չͬһһ顣
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ԭͱһȱڵϽյ̼仯ΪƬ׿ңңԶȥķâһ̤˲仯Ϊһ׹׷ȥ
Ĺǿ˵Ӱ
ಣ
һ׿ǰܵˣͻȻ׿ɵϢһͣŵ԰סһ򣬷׷ˤڵء
ܰǵܰ׿Ϲһ˿аЦǱƽܵÿ죬׷ÿ졣
׿׿ү۲ʶ̩ɽѾɱҵүүͷҰɡ
ڿ׿Цݣŵ겻꣬ܵǣͷ絷⣬ʹš
׿΢΢һЦк˸һסĲӣЦȻ˵ѾɱүүҲͲһˣȥǰɡ
䣬һɹɺأȻ׿ڴ룬ʱ䣬ڱ㻯ΪһѷĩƮɢ˿С
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ŶǸµӣ׿ЦˣǻʲôҪ˵𣿡
˱˴˶һۣнǾ塣
գٻһ촽һεؿ׿׿ֵܣôҲǱΡμұϾС壬ǲңڤȡҪԹޣɱңŹСμΨһжˡ
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ˣٻҲһݵؿɫ
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оâһ׿ǻһĻȣ˵ͷûǸ̫ˣҲ֡
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ҡҡͷ˼ͻȻͫһгԣ⡣ģǶȥ²쿴һ£ҾйŹ֡
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һһͻȻҺԺ磬磬ǿ
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ѱһڣǧߵʬҵضһγһСɽʬĶƮɢȥ˳ǧĲӬɳڲϷ衣
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Ҫ֪СӵĿֲ֮˭ҸСԣôҵСӵڣϴһֿǶʬ壬ҡҡͷЦߣһڼڶߣһСӵԴԲԶ֡ΪΪʳ

Цһת뿪ˡһĹ򣬺Ժ𣬺ܿյȫԺеʬ嶼һٶӴҴԺ
ܻ⣬һλ߿ϵ磬ǽҪô죿
ͷжһ˷׷һطǶԵġ
ǣеĸأһλüҪǴչأ˾ÿԷĸ׷ˡ
˰֣ЦҡҡͷԶǸ׷ͨǵ·ҪСӸ·ߺߣڻǵء
䣬һ˸߿աλ߱˴˶һۣЦһҲȻ
ʱ䣬ҲûһӰǵһңҲӴڴ½ϳʧˡ


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ҼѰ鵤ʶĿֻ̫Ͷˣ
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ǣǿǹŵ˿аЦݣһŵûɢתͷܣˡ
Ϊ˿΢Ц̫ϤˣǽǸħЦݡ

ͻȻһ̧ͣͷȥֻǰ֮⣬һߴĳ¥λÿ֣ǣ
ڵˣϣҵһЩҩҲˡ΢΢һ̣һ˦ޣҪǰС
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˵ţӻͳһɵӡȥ˽ӹϸ쿴һ£΢΢˵ͷˣҲ﷭˷ȷû󣬲ű˴˵ͷ
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ббƳһۣͳһֽؿڣȻ뿪ˡԶŽֽһȴǶʱЦ
ֻֽӡŵģ׽׿ڤ׷ɱһ׿Фͽṩߣ̱ܳΪڤȸ塣ܹ׿ͷߣϱڤȵһ壬һ֮£֮ϵĴ
ߣȻһȺͶ˹ۣӾǰǶʶĶȥץ겻Цһ׷ɱ࣬һףٴθǰʻ
ûλ׿
һս֪֮ԼѾΪȫ۹׷ɱĶԱһݵ⻨ǡ
һ԰ѼĵرܵЩļɧţμҹӵڻҲڤ鷳ˡ
׿ȻԵõؼ˳С
⻨ǣҲһ¥ܲڡʹǳشСǳشʮ֮ࡣ
ڵķٳǺڤȵڤǣȣǾȫ൱ǸСˡһשͷȥǶҹӣһүС㣬ҵļϣǸʶ൱͵ġ
׿үˣؤҲûʲôˡ
ɿЦһ׿һӣɼӿһЩٶȡǸϽҸջŰɣȻϻεܾðһȡ
һʼΪװӣѾͨˡǵŷ֣жôۡʵ̫ϡˣЩһͷܶ
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׿вһŭ𣬿첽ߵ̨͵һӣϰûпշҸʯ
ٴ̧Ƥ˿׿ϰзǳƽѼӡó
׿΢΢һͣûзӦס껹Ҫӡʲôأǣʵؽöӡ˳
ϰӹһмƲƲ죺Ȼμңһ塣
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΢΢һЦ׿תֹ˹СĴָЦɣ
һ𳰷ЦȻϣתһɵŭΪ׿У֮ɫ


93 ˭˭
СӣôĵӣʰСǣʰ㡣
ض׿һ۵ͻȻһɱ⡣Ϊҵˣﲻܵ˾η
׿Ŀ⣬¶һ˿һǾǶǵĴ󲻾Ǿ͵۹Ĺء
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ٶȣ㻹Զأ
׿Ц˶ǰͬʱǵͫҲ͵
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ԣФһŭص׿ǲ֪ΪΣȴĪһ׿ְԵƽնİȫͬһֱĸо
ָоҲ˵ʲôֻرʡ
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һУɫȻȫ࣬ҧĸֱ죬޲ھͽ׿ˡ
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ʱеķŭƽʱһĶţһ׿ˣҺеһηФˣԹŮھ죡
䣬ӡһɫķ㶸ȻɹƵϡ絶Ƭķ̶ķ͵
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ǣ˾ĿУ׿ȴһ䣬Ц֣һ𣿺ǺǺǡÿԣ
˵ţ׿һԾФ֫һֱ̧۵ȥ

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ߣոӦѾ˵İɣ˺֮仰ɲǽǷɷһġ
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ȻʱһЦȴͻȻ𣺡ô֣λҪܣǾϷһɡ


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䣬һӰȻڿſڡ
ۿȥֻǸһͷ̷ߣĺӺͫҲȫɫԵùǳ
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ҹǰμӰٵʢᡣΪ壬ֻŴ˵أ׿Ϲ˹֣װһЦ
üͷ壬ǴȳҪŵǰȥѵͲ𣿡
ţΪںë̩ɽǰЩ˶˽֮ͽҲмǴһԵĻԸһƬ¼֮У
ӣҧĽ֣Ϊһ𣿡Ǵһ
̾˿׿ͻȻ¶һɥݣʵɡǰ̫ˣҴ򲻹ǰҪҳȥǷǰҴɣ
ɣǴõ΢΢ͷмţ׿ǰ̬ȷ̫˰ɣҲֹס㶣ܿ죬˫ĿǰѵͲ֪˭
֪֪
׿æͷСһ㣺˵иŮȫ綾ǰɡԸҲԸǴνĵҲ硭
죬˵ҧĽ֣
Ǵŭһֻתת˼Ƭ̺һָָֻһ߷Ժ˯סϲҪ߶ɡ
ǵģұ֤ߣ׿һæصͷģ́ͷǴȻӰ
۾΢΢һУ׿ոջϹ˲Į
ΪӾȻѵѾվǸһͨˣһͨˣ͹Ǹ֣ƣ
ߣ˼
׿һ̣ת߽Ǹ߷УȻ㲻ϳţҹʲô飬Ӿƫƫҹȥ̽ϵף
ţ׿ֱϯش
ʱһһعȥܿ죬ҹ
ˣ
ȻһĲƶ洫ƶߵ¶ȿʼ½׿䲻˸૵Ȼû󷨡
۾΢΢һУ׿йâһһСƿװŵģɽʱܹ޵Ϣ
ݣ
׿һöҩУɲǼ䣬һѪɫӰ͵شڴܳһڽöҩ˿С
ǺѪӤ׿¶һаЦݡѪӤϢǿߣҲûôֵܹˡ
ȥɣ
׿һѪӤ˲仯һѪâǽƶȥһĹ򣬱ƶλá
ʱ˿̣ĵһƬ档֮У̻ŹʽǸãʽ֮У졣һ¹⣬ϵؽУǴڣɢȥʹƶߵ¶轵
Ǵÿһ¹ϱ㸡һ㵭ı˪ͬʱõĶͷһâһı˪ۣȥ
ÿһ̣Ǵõ۽Ǳ͵سһ£ƺ൱ʹ࣡
ʽ󣡡
׿ͫ̾ѪӤ˻
ףǰЩôˡһʼҲΪǸŮµĶ֣ڿŮ˶ѡ
ֻЩ˲֪ôߵ˸¹壬ʵߣ϶
ռ֮ǲ˹࣬ϾҪﵽƽⷽΪѡŮȴҪѹڶأô֮
ֹֻʡ֮࣬˽˵ǸˡңʱرǰҪҡ
ڣһ·һ
뵽׿ħͷҲҪΪǴ̾ϢˡĶҪ֮˼˵ķʽѹء


98 װɵ
ڶ峿Ѿɽ֣̫ոһ˿İ׹⡣Ů΢˫ĿϥУϵı˪ڡ
΢Ů۾һ͸¶ƣ֮ɫ

ͻȻһкȻ׿ͬһɵСӰ㣬ﱧһѸɫĹӣײײŮ
ɲһ£Ůæվһ䣬ĴƬʯ׷׷䵽Ǵ֮Уϵڸ
Ȼһŭؿһ·׿㲻Ҫôʲô
˵ǲܣѾǰˣ׿·ûзֵϵĴƵģһ޹ָָա
Ůһͣһߺ죬ԶԣܿɫҪһֱǸӾͺˣҲҪҶ򣬾͸ҹ
Ŷ
ԣ׿ͻȻһװʲôί㣬һŸղŻݣϾЩįתǺܿ죬һͣŤתĹӷŵŮǰ
ҿɫáЩһժģԣллҡ˵꣬׿ֳ̾Ųˡ
ЩıӰǳ˹¼ɣһСԩһ
Ůһֿۣ˿ǰĹӣɵþһһĲ¡
׿ȻŮǿʶ£ȴǶһһ˽ǳɵ¶һаЦݡ
ֻҪԼĹӣǾ֤Լ˳ӡ󣬽ǽһӴڵĶʲôˡ
һĵرУҩĶֻһ֮ˡٵʢỹûʼǰҲ֪õȥѰЩϡҩҲţŮ֣Ҳʲô
ٺٺ١Ůƭˣ෴ģҲƭ׿һЦʧŮӵĿС
ʱ֣յա
ŮһһʯϣӭǴĿ⣬һһ֮
ͻȻһӵĽкĶڣüͷһ壬һŭ⣬Ůһȥ
ǵʱȴѾΧˣܶ˶ڲͣؽкǸСӡ
Ůɻǰһȴ׿͹Ǿĸ֣ͷåһŤһ˿ûиַ緶
ҡҡͷŮתߣʱ׿ȴǳɤӴ󺰵Ǻˡ
ҿŮ֪˶ˣ㻹˵һ׿ŤһĴ󺺲ŭһžžϡ
׿ȻǿӲ̧ͷȻͷ֮ȴ͸Ų֮ɫ
ߣ¶ý󵽰ɡ˼סģ˾Ͱռס֪ôģҪʺӿһͷϣǻ㲻ˣ
٣СӾȻӲŪ
ԣСӾǸ˵Ůһģ뺦ǣŪ
ŪŪΧҲŴ󺰳
ŮһУӲһŭ⡣
ס֣
һĴȣ쳹˶ߣס쳹صĴһתȥȴȫŵӶ˶ʮ֮Զ
ŮСģ̫
ʱ䣬˶ŮԶԶģЩ׿ڵϺ͹Ǹ֣Ҳȫŵ÷ɱ뿪
Ůһ׿ǰȻҲˣ׿Ƭ߸
Ŷ˽ʧıӰ˲ųһͷ亹
ǮˣǮˣ
˴˶һۣͻȻ˴һ˱־ۼһ𡣶ǰڷŵǣʯһСɽ
Ǵ۵Ĺâ˵Ķֹס
ԹԣɡСӦҲӵܣôôʯ
ˣ˵ٴȻ˻Ǯᣬôʲôܹ飬λү˵ˣÿһǧ飬˭Ҳð
ٺٺ١֪ˣλүһŮôһϷ⻨УҪҲݻ¥ĵӡˣŮһ𣿡

Ȼ˻䣬Դϱ㱻˺ݺһȭһתͷȥȴһŭĿ
Щ˵ǮͰǣ˭Ҳ׼ᡣҪΪһģ©Ϣ˶û
һүôô£Ƕ塭
˻⣬ǱǴһȷɳȥ˵˵ˡûλүǸ֪ʲô
˵Ǵһͷ亹׵˫ȭɶ˶ͫ͸ž֮ɫ·ֿǻΪɻҵʬ塣
׿ֻ֣һ˿Ҳֻᵽ׿Ŀ¡Ȼû׿֣֮ʵǿġ
⸱飬֪׿ǶôֲĽɫ
ʱ䣬˶죬Թʯɢˡ
һ棬Ů׿ǸСڣ׵ӣйâһһСƿ
׿֪ҩȴŤͷԡ
Ҫ֪ƷħЩ͹Ǿ˵Щ˶ԼɵģΪľǻŮϧ֮⡣
ǣôҩŮŤͷߡֵúܾǿһĺӡ
Ůˣȴǲ⣬ɻôж
㶼£һŵҩ׿ŭһ㲻ҹôΪλҪң
ŮؿһۣΪλҪǰάң±ǴҪһĻûġ
׿аЦ֪ǰһչ֮ˣڶһҪڼλãչ֮Դ
ʵǿĸ֣Ҳס֮ʴ
ѿ׼ʱ䣬ҵ˼֮أԲŻǸһϷھʱ˴ţƢٺõҲȥһɡ
˵һж׿ļƻ֮УΪľǹŮߣܹԼ
׿תͷضŮ۾һֱõ˵ͷӣ˵۾Ĵ۾Ưˣĵһ۾ôңĵһܺáЩɱˣȻҪά
׿˳ƨһֳͯĻ˵û˿׸СʹˣҲԲκ⺢˵ֱӵϲ֮⡣
û˹Ůõİ취ǻǵĸԡ
׿ǶһͨĺһʼҲⶭԺˣǷ竣ֻЩ椺ƭֶΣǿΪ
û뵽ȻҲˡ̾һΪʦ
ȻŮĻ۽Ǵ˿˿ηŭ컬࣡
֮Уȴûң
л֣л椾飡
׿һпȴͬһɬ㣬ˬʵشЦ㣬ʶôã֪ôƺأ
ʲôôãܹżѡһۣŮһ૵㡭ҳɡ
õģ㣡
׿ԱȣԼеЩģû취Ů˾ͳһס
ڣܰҩ˰ɡֽҩƿϣ׿΢΢һЦſ죺ιң
̾ҡҡͷŭصһۣǻһֻ֣öҩϡ
׿죬ֽӽȴͫһ͵̧ץסһԪ˲̽롭


99 
˻
ʱ䣬׿Ԫδ̽ãһɼΪ֮ȴ͵ؽ𿪣˿˿ƽ˵ı˪
׿ͫһ²ɴ󾪡
ǾǼ֮ΪʮǾ֮Ϊǣһ˲䣬̽ŮڵĶء
Ǿֱ˴˲ƵĶÿһֶҩԣһ𣬼ǿߣҲǰٶ㣬ʹĥȥ
׿֪˺ݶȻĶǿԿ϶ǣ˶֮ǿǵ֮ͿѹƵ˵ġ
Ůڣ׿̽һҩֶ࿹⡣ǾǣҺ
ͫ͵һ׿´ϲ
ҺҩƷǰƷ鵤ҩġֻһΣ׹ǡ
׿Ҫҵģĵر
Ůģֻ֪Һܹǿȸľ޵»ָ
ҪģδŮ׳Һ䡣ĵرֹϵԼŮǲ˵ڵġ
ʲô
׿е˼һ˲֮䣬һɲǣ͵سԼ֣ŭص
תת׿æһ޹ץȣش˴꣬ĵ㣬ֺҸůů
һף
͵س鿪ƣɵؿ׿˵ոΪԪ̽ң
һ׿̾˿ҼɫãҼң뿴ʲô԰æģû뵽㾹ỳҡ
˵׿ƺί˼±ӣڳһĿҲࡣ
ҵˡСӦ˵ģллĺ⡣
˭˵ģ
ͻȻ׿һԴͬӰ㣬һصҹμңҵôҲƷʦҾ洫ŵĻ㿴ҵı£
˵ţ׿һץȣߡһ㶣ƺ˷ƾ뿪ˡ
Ҳ֪ʱôģҲǲĥкһʱɡ
׿ųƬ߷˶Ⱦ־ؿǡȻǺŮֻһˣֵһֱ׿Ӱ
ǾĿ֣ϷǸ󺺣
ܿ죬˶ԾסǸջϴΪ뿪̫æμҵһֱװŵģμμӰٵʢѼҩģȫ׿ˡ
ֵܣ
һӭ˶öˡһϲгҲɬص˵ͷδ磡
ǵ׿ǣųʱ֪ģüΪȻ
Ҳע⵽һ㣬εֵܣλǡ
㣬ҵѣ׿Ц
һ䣬Աһ§Ĳӣקһԣüаֵܣһ
ǺǺǡжֵĺ踣
׿˻ȷǷԷθ붭鳡ӵһϯ̸ࡣһֻϵôϵ
͵͵˳һۣ׿ü¶˶Цݣֵܣﳤôȫôʵҿɿ۾ӦǸ˰ɡ
ҲҲû®ɽĿ
ʲô
׿ĻԲһгûˣ
ŶǾ׿νʼ磺ֲҪˣ
˵꣬׿һȻشֻ߲ľվԭأüͷôҲ벻ͨΪŮˣΪˣѵ氮ֵܣʲôʱתˣ
֣ҵͣĶˣԻûת׿һУһŻصڿջԺǸɡ
˵ţԴ˺Ժ׿һ˽ȥƵһͨҷҪҩ˳
˿ûһظУǸëͷСһ
һ㣬ûʲôöȴǶЩ㶡׿֣ȫ෴
ܿ죬Ծͨˣﰵ̾һ˱ɵֵܣ˰
û룬׿ֻǶų۾һЦ㣬㿴ˣ
˵ţͻȻܳһسԪ֮𣬽žͰʮҩȫһԶ˽ȥȻЩҩĽȥ󣬾Ȼη˿ûлһ
þ׼İѿ
̲ͫסһɾг
ƷʦһҲܰѿؾҩģǱѾǼˡ׿Ȼɵذѿʮ֣ȻѾԽƷʦĲΣƷƷ
ƷʦֻжҲУƷһҵƷ֮ϵʦֻҵ˲Ź
Լֱţټ棬ʵǣҲ˾˵Ľ
ҪˢӣǳңүҲˡǿһ˫ĿУ
΢΢ͷ֮ͫͷһγ֮ɫ׿ͣ裬ʵܿɹ
׿ɲֻҪ̾͹ˣҪ𾪡ֻге𾪣ģſܽҺ
ʱ򣬺ٺٺ١
ţ׿ͻȻͫһƺݺݵץʱ䣬еҩͬǳĻ磬һץƼ䣬˲ϨˡֻƮһ˿˿ĳ̡
ʲô
һЩϧΪСнˣôĳʶ֪͵һ½ҩľۼһҲϨˣֱǰҩĶٵˡ
һУҲҡҡͷЦ
СӳǸӣԲ
Ȼ˶һϧʱ׿ȴһ̣¶һصĻȣΪһʦԼĵҩûУһ֪Ҫ𣿡
ɷһЦ׿쿪ơ
ʱ䣬һĿĺһšһ̣һöԲĳ쵤裬ġ
ôܣҩȻˣ
ԲɴʧɫȫġΥַȻ鵤
ҿⵤҩɫ䵤㣬ȻǶƷǶƷеļƷڡЩƷҲⵤҩԶ
Ҫ˵ĻֻóƷˣ
Ҳͫɵ˫Ŀ֮еһ֮ɫַҲͷһμ
͵Цѣ֮ΪһǬǾ¼еܹҩҩȱƷĵҩ
˵ⷲףʥҲû֪
ϹǷӿɿ̽һģҪȡҺҲԸЩǰ֮ڡ
Ҫ֪Ҳûʲôʦ˵һò֮͡ʱ򣬿е÷ˡ
ǶǺ󻰣ҪģȡóΡ
öĵݵǰ׿Ц㣬ҿƱ͸ɡ
ӹ裬üͷһ̣ȴЦһĺˣֶƷҩûã
ǿɲһ㲻ô֪أ
׿صЦݣɻ󣬵Ҳȷַĵҩҩкβͬǳһ󣬱˿С
Ȼⵤҩոڣֹסһ˫Ŀ֮ȫ֮ɫԱ˿òԡ


100 ߲
ôɾг
ոյҩһڣȴûҩһһ븹ڣһöС̫㣬ڿвϵطⷢȡ
뵵ĵƮɢĸطʹҲůҩȫʧ֮ȫȻůڵģ֮˵ĽҲõ˼޸
ֱţĵҩ
ԪԵģһԵĵҩ塣ĶƷҩҩδգȻ֮ˡ
׿ŵҩȴǻΪȵ壬̫֮޲ºͣԽ޸øá
ؼǣԪ壬ܹŵҩҩȫա
Ҳ󲻵飡
һ˫Ŀض׿۾˫ͫȫ˾֮̾ɫ
аЦһ׿üЦô㣬ҵĵҩͱ˵Ĳһɡ
Ծص˵ͷ̾û뵽ССͣȻ˳뻯ع˼꣬ػ¡
ٺٺ١Ѿˣֻ㲻֪ˣ
׿иһϻװһкЦ˵㣬Ժʲô⣬ǧҪңһ취ġ
ԣһ׿ĻƺָԼҲףȷҪһʦæȥڶֻǡ
һʱ䣬Ĭ׿һֱضｹѣƾҪźˡ
ҺûУҲָ·㣡
ȻʱһЦȴͻȻ𣺡СӣڳˣѾһˡ
䣬ӰͻȻ
һɫٻӰϤձ׿һФһˣǸɫĹӣһ˫аͫУ˸âǳ
ˣһҲһ֮䣬ڶǰѲ˰ָ̣֮ɫ׿ɫѸһɱ⡣
ģҺӲ׳ˣƫƫʱң
׿ھͰСӲšϣǿһԵĳ˼һ£ˣӵĹԱɡ
ٺٺ١Сӣ˵ͦ
㣬۸ҵˣȥǣ
ȻӸ־ָ׿׿ͻȻɫһ壬ų״һ۸˵Сܵܣϴӡ
м׿ճֵˣһӸպݺݵس˳飬˼ؿԵФɻС㣬˵ģ۸ǸСӣôһûУ
ФҲЩ£С첻İʦֺ޾ɫôССˣ
Ϲӣ۸ҵǸˣ첻
ߣأֻҪСӣӽ͸һЦſ׿ҷϵСͷ࣬ҵ֮ˡƾ˿ֵ֣ñԳ
㲻ӵܶ򲻹𣿡üͷ΢΢һ̣ɻؿ׿
תת׿ãЦ˵Լˤ˵ģ𣿡
һ˷׷һ򣬲ˤ
磬˵ܲеˮƽһ͹ظ֣˵ˤˣô
ҲЦһʼƭңҲԭ㡣ô˵ǰҵ׳ˣˡ
˵ţһ䣬ʧӰֻŭĻص׿ǰߣԼĻԼʰ
㣬ҽ͡׿Ҫ˵Ȼû˳Ӱ
תͷ׿ɫ˲ˡǰСܵģͬڵɫ˭ˣҪɱ˵ģ
粻ƫƫʱӴ£
׿ĻУɱ⣬ʹФԾض˶ӣ㵽¹󡣶ǸӣҲɫ˲һ䣬
ӵܴ򽻵ʨϻòǣֻҪһ棬һۿ׿ƣȻֻǶ͹һأŨҵɱ⣬ȴܹض϶ǺХɽֵܷ֮ġ
ߣȻǸӲӣѹ˳Ƿԣ۾΢΢һУ¹ЦЦ˿壺ϧ˱ӡҩҩ£ϯӣϸӺǷɲͬǼһǿ׵ӣӿһζҩļ̳ˣ
üͷ˶ҩƺţ׿ҩһʦܻõĳƺš
ҩĵһʦĵһʦͬ
ĵһʦֻҪھ壬ܻƺšҩĵһʦھ£ҲҪ˿ɵвС
ԣжҩĳƺš
νɱµһҲµһ֣Ϊҩ
Ҳ˵Сóඣߺߺߣ
׿һЦⶾԱҲǸ鷳ȴκЧ
ħ󻯾ѾĶ
ͫ͵һ׿һ죬˲ʧӰٴγʱϸǰ
˻
ɵһû뵽׿ֻǶ͹һߣٶȴǿ쵽˷˼ĵزѹרٶȵĿֵӣˡ
Ȼûüмܣһ죬׿ǺݺһߵСϡ
ۣ
һѪ̲ס³ϸʱ㱻߷ɳȥڿջ¥ǰײһδĿֱɵ˴ϣʮԶ
ɵͣڳ˶׿һŸˣȻûϵ׿һ˾޴
ʵ׿ŭҲ˲֡
бƳһԵФһۣʱȻŵɫҰף׿Ц㻻Ҳһǻ¥ŮˣѵֻôǺǺǡ
˵꣬׿Ц˴ֻ֣Фˮ˫ȭֻ߬ί֮ɫ
׿񣬿̱ĻƽͷһᵽˣʲôǼµ衣Ǿȫġӣ
ѾһƬõĿջ˴ϣ׿ۿŸովϸˣǴϵģǿջеĶӵܣ֮սɶŵöǣȥ
ٺٺ١ǺÿٶȣѾ֮µһ˰ɡϸĨһǵѪЦ
׿üͷһЦ⸱ģЦһƽһμ
ߣӼȻЦͱбʤİա
ʤ׿мЦЦ֪ҩҲʹʲôܵҲǣ㣬׷𣿡
СӣȻûмʶ
кâһϸЦʦҩ߼Ҿηöܵ˶ƣ߼η
һ䣬ϸ㻺ſ˫ơ
ʱ䣬֮Ƽת仯ɫ󾹳ֲͬĹâ
ɫɫɫ˴˽任
׿ͫһɵӣЩľˡ
ģСöĪ⣬ӾȻͿؽӴĶҩ°һ׿Ҳżֻض
ٺٺ١аɣҩµ似߲ƣ


101 
䣬ϸ˫Ʊһɫֻգ۵Ĺͬ籩һ㽫˵У˲䲻Ӱ
׿üͷһЦһ
ҩĹԶΪȲ֣Ҳнղǡ
ԣǵķġ
ΪֲһȱݣһֱԼڶ֮У˲ҽӽ
ϧǣңӿɲһס
һâ׿΢ҪУһСԴš¡Ǹոնһ£ȴͻȻͣˣתת
ԣթ
СӿΪФʵǱ˹̽ӵġĻΪӳͷ£Ӧǻ¥ֵõСͷ
뵽׿һĹâ
໨¥ȷԼݣʹСͷڣкüǿߣһء
ߣǺƣ
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112 ߼֮ף
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113 ƣ
һҹȥ׿򿪷ţ߳ӭųĳͫٴαĮ쳣
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ܹ˳ȻãҪʲôʵĻҲֻܶԲˡɱ˶ҩҲϧ
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114 Ұĳ¶
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115 
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һЦ׿һ֮ɫС㣬ǵǵʮ֮Լ𣿡
ʮ֮ڣҳңһ૵
΢΢˵ͷ׿ЦҪĺôսĲʮ֮ڣ𡣵ʱ˭һң˵ˡ


119 ׿ľ
ôĿ
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ʮܹ֮ҵļ壬ûһ͸˵˶̵ʱ߼֮׵һϳˡ
׿ԣڳ˵Ρ
˿Ѽֲ֡׿ڳԣƺѾǹǶȵЩľˡ
ңСЩ飬㴵ţҲʲôҲܳɹأ
˶Դ˱ʾɣȴЩڴڴ׿֪ðĹŹߵֵز
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ΪҵİΣֻס⻨¥ˡ컹˵ѾЭ飬Ǹûɲȥҡͷ̾Ϣһüͷ塣
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ΪԸ⣬ҪȻĻô׵һ¥һ˷۶׿ȴЦңεֲҪǲģֻҪպŵ㣬û¥˾ͺã
ε²ǲģѵѾ˶Բߣһ㶣
һ̣׿г񣺡ֻѣȥǸҩ
ʲôǶҩƷʦѵ㡭
˸ӴʧɫƷʦѾûмܹӵ١ǶҩҩһʦƷ֮УҲǾԵĸ֣Ѿ൱һˡ
ѵ˵׿ͣΪѾ
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ʧЦҡҡͷ׿̾Ǳ̫Ҳֻȥᣬδʤ㣡
׿ҪΪַͻ档
ΪĿػСʱַǸûжַΪǿҲõĵҩ棬ҩĵ̶ȡ
ڸƷ׵ҩģһ޷ҪʦȥѰ޻𣬻֣
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ǡʱҪԵģҵ׷ɱһֻ̲ס˶Ϊ׿δİȫǡ
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׿ԣڳ˲붯ݡԼһ˵ҵ׼ʱ䡣
һʱ䣬˿׿У¶ľ֮ɫѰ֮ˣ˭ð˾һ֮գֻΪһǴĲ²أ
Сӣеʶǽ磬ʱҲò̾
лݺݵļû˵ǹâȴ·Ҫڻ˰㣬ӡ
һ֣ʶӢӢ۵ϧ
лӣ飡
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һ㶣ţȻʧЦ
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׿գգ۾ƺûӦ
ʱлҲѧŵ߹һЦݺļֱĵžž죺СӣСĵ㣬´ӿɲٷŹˣҪ֪ӱ˧ոӳֵܣ˰
л˵仰ޱȵĳ죬ҪƽʱɲңҲûţ׿˵˭׿أ
˫ȭ˽׿Żȼա
̵ģĽⶼʲôֵܣոջֵھӿˢˣ
Ȼ׿ݺݵصȥıӰʱһȴͻȻ𣺡ι㿴ʲôвǰɡ
׿һ㶣תͷȥȴľѾͷ
ǿЦ⣬ֻһһԺ˾йأûûСģûҽ̣
߸ߵ̧Դǰֺľֻ·ǰʱȴ͵͵˸
Ӳһ׿һѪû³
ģСѾͷҲûӣл¥ڳӷǰӣһٲɣ
ӸŽֵܣӲǳûûСأ
׿ֱȴ˵·ߣݺݵص˹ȥ˵ôҲҪûռһӱˣ
νʼ磬û˵뿪ˡ
翴һۣḧ룬Цҡҡͷл׷ȥ
治ţĹɱ˵ǸС׿ȻҲ˱ʱ
˶뿪ˣФųһ׿Цո̫ΣˣҺҼʱ֪ͨʦ̸㣬ҪȻ
˭ģ
׿ͷغݵһۣŭҪΪʦͽһҵôᣬԼһ
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ĵ¥ˣɴŭ¥Ϳ۸ͽܣߣղҪǵܹң¥Ų
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Ф׿׿ȴǷ۶ÿɷ
˶Ӱ׿˼Ƭ̣Żʹȥڣʱ̯ˣ
Һ¥ʱ˵ӦǸ


120 쵤
ǰĻʹû˸ղŵ֣塣ֻһİɫٻӰ̱ڵأճշ
׿ȥǳɣ㾶ֱǰżɽ¥һҪ̸̸¹ػ¥Ĵ൱Ȥ
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׿һ㶣׿ȥȴֻ䣬Ȼÿնոԣѹûȥһ֣
ɣǿߵԣǻ¥֮𣬾Ȼôܲ˴һ˵ıѣֵز
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׿̾һȴǿЦ
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ⵤ棬ȴè壡
׿ͫһһĪľ⡭


121 
СӣⵤҩĲ֮ءأȻδܲ͸СӾЩ裬֪а
ƺǿ׿˼չùЦһҡҡͷ̾˿ţֿǵѾͷǰòһСӵĹذɡ
ղȾһ˿Σ΢΢ϯһһһµȥչùòɴʧɫг
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Ҹĸҵܵܣָָأ̾һ
׿ۿȥֻصĹϣдĸΨǰһ·أʲôҲûдֻһɫ档
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ܿ죬عŭذһۣСǵôߣֱ֣㾹ҽɵѾͷ
ǺǺǡ˵ôŮаȫСô㲻ϲ𣿡׿Դװɵ㶵
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׿ȻͷʱͻȻǺɫϡ
һ㶣׿ؿ
һЦҵʱѾˡϣ죬ٸһ¼ҵů
ǺǺǡԭҪҰܵܡ׿ʧЦҡҡͷ

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˵㲻ҵܵܣֻٸоһ¼ҵůѡ
ǻ̧ף׿۾Ƭ̺ժϵɴ
ʱ䣬Ǿٴγǰֹסһ͡ȻѾǵڶμһΰ㣬˾ޡ
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׿û˵ʲôѾɵˣֻڲסصͷ
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ǺƶУиŮ֯һƽ˰㣬׿޲©ϴͬ
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Ƿǰֱšħʣôôӹ׵ӡ⼸գȴûһ˿ĳԹ·Դ֮ڡ
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ˣǿߡ
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ҩɣ죬ڤ峤ϣȫλõģǵŶӣơ
ǺӰǰ˼䡣

һ죬ϵĲյ˷顣ǰƽĻƣʱһŭɫҧĸֱ졣
ӣʲô𣿡ҩ²ԣæʵ
ݺݵ߬ȭͷҧгݵǸˣȻΪСժɴ
䣬һֱ̤ɳȥǳƶߵķ򡭡


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Ƥ΢΢˶׿ʵ˯ۣһۻеˣ¶еİЦݡ
⼸ǻʱϷҼҾư㣬糣˰ҹߡ
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ҲǼ˵ܰ
ٴο˻еһۣ׿е㱡գֱǻ񰡡
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壡
׿ͫһ֪Ϊ֮ǿԶԶǿһߣԭǽǡ
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ûа취ֻб¶ݣھ͸Сӷָˡ


124 ׿ķŭ
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˼ЦЦѾѺҵļˣ˵Ҹȥݼã·;ңԶֻȼˡ
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һʱ䣬˶һۣȻȫһ֮ɫ


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128 챳Ӱ
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վ̨ϵģǸʮСûмʲô档˶ȫһΣǽ
С㲻ؽţ˵ǡСŵһЦ
Сһƽһǰ׿Լĵҩʱȴһ죬
ΣΪţʵݡ֪ʱʲôаˣȻжŵҩΪһƷ
ڴͥ붼öˡˣҲֻӲͷƤιҩΪθ裡
˵ţСǵ߸߾һɵ㻺Ʈɢ
ֻʱȴȫסˣűǺȻЦ
ҲܽеҩСӹȻɻصģ
⣬һƷƷǣǸСʳθõģҲ㵤ҩ
ⶫһŪüöҲʤӲ

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ҵģСŻû˵꣬׿ǰԵشϵ
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ڣҴ磬վǰ棡
׿ƽһ޵ĻȣɵҲǳƵζ
ͫ͵һɲԾץ˫ȭоǽѪɢǰδеŭɫ


131 Ը
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׿Ļ˵ĺףǴų磬վɵǰ档ǾʹҪ쳬ԽɣΪǿʦ
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ԣһǲԡʱһڶ־ʼˡ


132 צ

Сϵҡҡö˱ٴ뿴չʾ̨
ƺҲ׿ĿԴˬСŵɫǰЩ΢Щ䡣ٵʢǻ¥ʮžٰһʢᣬΪ˴ʢϣʵǽԺҡ
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׿һ֣ȴƺȫΥ򣬾ȻֱӽҩıҩҺڱ˻ƴҩʱѾеҩȫС

һҩȫһ籩ϯ׿ϡʮҩҺǰڷ籩б˴˷룬˿ûκν
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ղһΣǰ໨¥һۣʦ㣬ȡЦˡʱĻ䣬ֻ뻨¥Ҳ¹»УƣίȻ֮ǰҲַأҲ벻öҩԣ
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ǰ׿ҲԽᡭ


133 һ
飡
ϯһƴԵʯϣһƷǿ൱ʯ֩㣬ӿ˿˿ѵ·
һ˫յĿע·׿Ƴһŭ˭˵˵СӾʲôͷΪϣ϶ᱻѹһͷ
²һݣ˱˴˶һۣȴ˭Ըʱȥӵüͷ
ڤ峤ϣ鲻תתЦҷģϳϵı£СŰ裿ʱУȻѾ˰취˾ʤôһĸ˼䣬µʱǻļأ
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бۿһ峤ϣ첻ɲͷ亹ꡣ
̵ģûһ˰ո峤Ͽƿģʵǰѽ׿ȫƸ˶ҩ
ǶҩСˣ˽ӦõģҲ͡Ҫǰˣλӵķŭȫйⶾҩˡ
ɴʱ˿̣֪﷢һС
ļƣǴ˻һԼԺһҪ۲ǡ򣬱ˣȻ֪ء
³һ쿴˿ǰĻƶˣЦҡҡͷ
ϣ׿ⶾҩȻܳ°̾һʦľȻȡ
ȴɲϰݣƵҩĵٶ˻úϢΣ
Ϣʱ䣬һ˵һգ۾͹ȥˡǶʦǣϢ֮ڣ¾ʤĹؼ
ʱ̣׿ȻȻԵõҩսԾǳ衣
ҪǷǰ⵽ڳ˵һ±ӺͳЦˡԴ׿¶һûٸ
׿ֿҲ˲üΪ˭˼ʦأҪ˼ӣҲԿ񰡣
ҩû˵ԼĵҩֻٶȴȻյȴЩˣ׿ߴٵСӣȻѾȣ͸Ͻõҩȡھҹζࡣ
ǰιӣŶδʦ
׿ı£СҲɸ˶ĳƺüΪȰ⾺˲Ϣ䣬ץ
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ʦҪң΢΢һ㶣СȻһЦʦոҩģº͵ҩģӦҪãа߿һΪ
ǺǺǡСȻʶ㣬֪ŵҩҪ˵𣿡
һСãҡҡͷҪˣʲôϵ
͸ģͻȻ׿ЦһСš
ϺһºС˲䲻׿ӣŤصԴ૵ֻǻ¥һͨӣѹ˾֪ʦöҩǺ⣿
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Ƕ֪ոСŶ׿ĳӣ׿ڽ
ĳЦС˲еίֻв̧ͷݺݵ׿һۡ
׿ȴںȻһаЦݡ
СӣôСۣһСﶼ裿Ͼǻ¥¥ԼĽñ׿ϷŪǲԹ
лΪȻصͷ¥˵ǣСӵȷʵþҪǡ
Фᣬ˵˵ͷȴ˿ûаգĪĽ
ңһԴһληޡǿȴһ죬εصԴ
ղ˴˶һۣǴЦֻгǣԽԽ졣
ݣ
ͻȻ˶ע׿ϣ׿ҲϷŪСţЩһɫҺ徹˲еĻ籩ڣҩҺΪһ塣
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Ƥֹסض˶׿ɫոҵҩУӽʲô
ӣüͷһҩÿɷҡҡͷϷɲƻ飬ֻϷҩʱСİҩҺΣҲպҩСҲ⣬δʦҪ̫⡣
⣿
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˭֪׿Ƶҩģȫº͵ҩҺǶޣ춾ۼɡ
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˶ҩ塣һҩҩ֣ҩ
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ֿɵõĵڶֹھ׿ĿԴУ
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ҩĴЦ쳹С
̾ҡͷΪλճţҪⶾҩö֮ȡϧ
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СӣһԲȣϧˡ
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ϯƴЦһϲ񣺡ϳȻһ֡Աˣ׷׵ͷӦǡ
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ƺһ̣˽ǵ
׿Σķŭˡ


134 
̵ģֻ˵ķݶû뵽ξȻᱻͷһ֡
۾΢΢У׿һֻȻǻ籩һֻȴѺݺݵ߬һֻȭֹסضƺһ̣Ҫȭ
ħʣһƳΪǿħڣûģñȻζܲˡ
ʱ˿ֻ̣öֵԴάħϡ
ȫеɱֻ֮ͫУڶҩȴѹûио
෴ģ¥̨ϵˣһֱעŴ˫ͫУŨŨɱˣ¥Щ˲֪׿Ŀ¡
ǰһֱ׿һ֪ߵغͷ࣬㶪Ǽʱ֣Ӹˡ
ڣǲ̵ˣĲ򵥡
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Ҫ֪ɱ˱ɱԽݣɱԽءⱾ˵һ͵Ϯ֮ʱȴᱩ¶Լͼ
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ɼһֵ׿ڰɱ֮ˡ
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ˣ׿Ϊʾ⣬ؿ·ǸźɫıӰ
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һŮӵľдڳŮӣȫͨգԴչʾ̨ϵСţǽ˫ۣеΡδʦǸʲô
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䣬׿͵һ־¯һָȳǳһƱ仯ͣ

Ȼ䣬ѾҪϨĵ¯Ȼų⣬һȻ쳹˶ǰ˵Ŀ⣬ǰͷҿȥŮӣҲȫ˹


135 ʧĵҩ
ಣ
һɫĹ¯гԭѾϨ¯أȻٴȼһŽϡ
ٴӡһ䣬׿ת߻ҡֱϵţͣ

һ¯̲֮׿һŵĵҺȻɫĹâһ̣ǽɫҺ壬һϪ㣬žˣֱϡ
ɫҺȫµҲǿʢ·ⵤҺǾѪһ㣬޾
龰е˶ѾȫˣЩʦǣ·ƵĵҩؿһС
˼ʮ껹ͷһμ˾ġ
ؿǵҺ壬ҩͻȻеһ󲻰ƺ뵽ʲô㣬æӴеĻҪ콫еҩɡ
һЦ׿һаĻȣȵϼһѾˣڶֵľھȻӵġ
䣬׿͵ӡٴһ䣬е׹ˣ鵤ɣ
ˣ
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䣡
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׿һУҩУ߸߾𣬴Ʒҩɣ
׿˶д죬ǻһֱڸոյ澰Ӧʱֹסһ
Щʦǣǲ˼顣
δʦĵҩѾôôܻƷ
һʱ䣬˶ɻĿ⣬չʾ̨ϵϣСţһ£׿˵ǷѾﵽƷ֮С
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Źĵҩ֪׿ϡͳġȲǷƷ䷽СԽܡ
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üͷ΢΢һ׿ҩʵǰЦϣȻˡۿĻҲ⡣
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ϣĿ⣬ȴֲòһȷĴ𰸡
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Сɫһ࣬ݺݵص׿һۣٿе裬ȴǶ޳ˡ
ⵤöãǵĻﲻںˣ
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ŵ˵ˣֹסһȫµԪڹĵ
ҩҲ̫ǿ˰ɣûãѾЧˣǷ˻˵ãŵֹƷǡ
һ뿴չʾ̨ϵСš
СŴʱҲˣ̲סг˿ڣ⡭Ʒ
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ˣû˵ҩԼƷ׵ġ
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пĵ裬С૵⡭ֻҩ
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ؼǻģҲǰϢ˰ɡ
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ʱҩһջ棬һöͨĵ裬ȴεҡͷ̾Ϣһ벻һ㲻ǡ
˵ţ˳Ӹ̨ϵСš
СŽӹһɴһǶҩžȻ׼Ʒ鵤ܹƷҩģ׼Ʒҩɼϵֱ似
СŴԳڣȴûжӦֻǡŶһ˵ͷûʲôˡ
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ôˣδʦǿŵҩǼƷڻ޶ۡ
ʲô޶ۣ˲վǰʮʦ¶ǵҩ
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ԣĵ¥޺޵ҧҧһۡ
ḧ룬ҡͷ׿ȴǸ͡
벻Се󷨰Ϲ󷨣Ϲʲô˰ôô౦
ǰֻһҵۣ𡭡


136 طȫ
չʾ̨ϣСⲽüһ
½ƷҩΧҲԽԽˡڶ־Ĺھȴٳٲж
ھѡɾλδʦҩ֮䡣
ǣҩƵ׼Ʒʵʵڵδʦĵҩ󣬻һƽɫ壬ʧˣж
Уʧˣʧǰи׼ͷǼƷǼƷѾƷһ·һƷʲô
㲻йؼ޷С
жδʦʤʲôû˽жҩʤôʮλǰʦȴҪȫͶĵĿ⡣
·˵Сﻹ̫ᣬ˵ģҩԼ¶
ҲǣҲǡ
жδʦʤ²ܷڣжҩӮʮʦֻ᲻
СʣôУͷһԾ¡
ûа취ֻÿһ棬̡ΪһʮмֱȽϺ˵ʦ
׿Ͷҩһ߰һĮͱǡչùúϸΪ˱ӣҲͲˡ
ʦ֪ɷҽһ£δʦոöҩ֮
ûֱӻشһ׿ķһ
һ񣬿ɲ򵥣ǶǰĴһΪ۹ǰʮλʦ˶ҩʩ˴
ɼѾΪ׿ѳһأȣѾһȼˮƽˡ
һȴ˶ɵþ°ͶˡЩһ֪ˣȻ֪׿Ҳ벻׿Ȼһʦʩǰ֮
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һʱ䣬ȫ˶˷ֻðŽͫ뿴ڵһ̨λãȻֵƵ׿
СҲ΢΢ͣŵس׿һۡǰȻСͣ붾ҩѾ˾ˡ
ôҲ벻ȻϹʧļա
ѹһĶҩҪʰ·磬Ϲ֮£ĸʦɱȣ
ʦΪδʦĵҩʧˣСŲ촽鲻Խؼʵ
Цҡҡͷһ¶˳羴ɫδʦöҩڴ˴ʧˣǱ˶ˡ
ʲô
һٴһȴȫ¶˲֮ɫ
֪ǲһǼƷҲǽҩеҩˡϹ˵Խҩеҩһ£˲仯ڡ
ǰй¶Ľɫ壬ҩȫҩһ˷ã¿Ʒ鵤ֻǷɢ󣬱ʳҲһƷЧˡϷʱ黮ʱʵҲЩϧ
ԭˣѹǵ֮󣬻еˬһ˵̲꣬ס̾
ţԽԽ˷˹ʶͬʱ׿ҲԽԽ羴
ôʦΪǵҩƷ׻½أСŽʵ֪Ĵ𰸡ϾɹϵйھĹ
ղ˽һһεҡҡͷǺǺǡϷͲˡϾϹϷҲֻһЩżмذˡйؼڳҲֻδʦ֪ˡ
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Сһ޺޵صһۡԼǰҲ֮ʧòһֱǺ޵ڰɡ
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ʵǰӵĵڶ־ھѾܲˡѵ㻹ܵô˵棬˽
ӾͲһˣٺٺ١
Ȼ׿ӣҲʮ֪ԭɣҲǻ¥ĵˣǷ׷׾ȭͷ׿Ԯ

Уƻֺ룬á
ƣϸôҲû뵽׿ô󣬾Ȼ̶ʱھЮ˽
ֱģ֮
ˣȻ۾һУݺݵصԱ˷׷׵ͷ
һ龰ȴûôֻ࣬ЦҡҡͷλδʦǺǺǡ
Ⱥ˷ȫš¡ĿںţСö޳ˡǿ׿׿ȴȻνؿ¯ǰֻĮ
ƺ죬һҪϴſϰ֡
֮£Сֻˮϸ˫ȲԾ
ǣأһŭشȴǶȻ¥̨ϴֹ˰ɡ
׿һȴŭĿεƲƲ죬׿ǸӣСŻӻֵˣֻǿЦˣ㿴˺ĵ𣿡

СĬȴ˵תмؿ¥ϵĳһۡ
ʵ֮ԻʹҪлҩϳϵǵΣСĽҩеҺأ
ȻѾŹСţ׿㿪ʼһڣͽìͷ׼˶ҩλδʦҪϹˣҲȫϸ
δʦǺ⣬ڹϷ֮ʧ𣿡ҩ۾һУ
˰֣׿ЦҡҡԴôأڸл㡣Ȼи֣ҩбȻҪйصҩġҩУ޴ҩΪСΪ㽦ҩеҺʩչҩ
ǣΪҩȫΪҩġںδʦɵҲȫҩԣϷûκһҩƤ˶˫ȭ߬
аһЦ׿мϹǶȿģˣҲܹҺתΪҩȫӵһͯˡ
ԼĶӣ׿ЦΪˮΪͯΪйͯתΪΪ¯ҩĵҩȫһյԲܽƷҩģƷڵ֮󣬲ҩӷй¶ȻƷһ¡
ԣ˲ȫˣɸ׿֮
ǶҩҲ̲סݺݵ֣ķڷصͷδʦȻ˫Ϸϱ־ˣķڷδʦȴиƣһϷӮ
˵ҩһĨɱ⡣׿һЦ˿塣
֮ĵӣڳˣϹӣҲȫˡյһԿһ󼤶ΪҲû뵽׿Ȼöҩ䡣
պĳɾͣز
Ǻܿ죬ҲһĨǳΪҩ˵ģ׿ƣҲȻ˳
˼ȥ׿޵УҲвҩ
̾˿յ˼֮һôٵ
ʱСŵٴ𣺡־ϼΧʮˣȨʮһˣھȻδʦڶλҩϳϡ
Сŵ˶ǰ˲ǣΪôȨˣ
֪ԴӼʶ׿󣬲˱ѾԲλ࣬ѱˡһʦŶûУﻹһöҩ


137 ׿Ѩ
̫ˣӮһ֡
¥̨ϣĵ¥˷ܵشǶˣͬ¶ϲݡǼٵģһȴʵʵڵ
Ҫҩһ·߸ͽˡȥһʦɣҲĻаܱһ̡
ԿŮ˸߲ҵӣһ£֣ص¥ˡðѾȫȷ˾͵ܡʵҺ͵ֵܣ֮ͯ
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ȻδڣФǼάʲôˣǱķ
˶һۣ΢΢˵Դ
ǸЦһԣոһǱеɱˣûǼ˵ʵлѣ񡣡
Ȼˣ͵أ
ǻ˵ô϶Ǳˡô˼ɵðСӣܵʱлЦһĶԵļ򣬽ֿǣһɩԦԺСӾȫԦˣǧٷˣСܡ
ղһ죬ŭлӣ㡭ں˵ʲô
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ղͨ죬ЩŤ΢΢ףȴǻһۡ
˿£ǳһ󣬿л
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ķǸԸƴȫΪҸĸӢۡ죬ҵˡ
аһ׿Ŀ⣬ѲᣬӶ㺡
䣡
ϯһ͵ԵʯϡԭѾѵʯγ׻Ϊ˷顣
һһԾһ
ڶ־ȻˣģԼķڷ˵лᣬõСӵԴ𣿡
Ƶ۾Уɫؿ¡
˶ȫͣҷһ˿졣תתһһƨĺûᰡ
ǸæǰȰοĪļϳϿǺųһʦҩֻһʱ⣬һ֣¡˼ҽһжԲߵġ
仰ǰڤ峤ԣһ㡣ǽɰ裬ȫƵһͷϣԼû˿ϵ
ϧǣһʱһʱ
üͷ̲סض˶Ʒ·ǿѹеŭЦŶֳ϶ϳϺܿذôٰܵĻӾʰɡ
á
ʱ䣬ɵˡ⡭ղ峤ϵ̬ȣôȫһˣ
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ȻǸǽͷݣƨʵǲôհϷոյĻ⣬Ȼ·硣ƫƫƨ㣬ҲҲá
ǰ϶㾡ƳϼһȻܵϲڣ϶Ѿܣŭ²㻹ȥƳײǹô
ٺٺ١ӭҲżǽͷݣٶ
峤пЦֹȴѾҪ޳ˡ
ôùģҡ

ͻȻһ𣬱־Ļʽ
ɨһڳѾʮλʦСųһ󣬴ξ־Ŀǣַ
һ˶ˢˢؿڵһλʦ׿
ԴӸո׿¶ڳ˶סַ˭ܱȵùλϹδʦ
һʱ䣬еҡͷ̾Ϣе죬ƺѾûоʤĿˡֻǰʮʦɹž
ΪﶼȻжһҪءȴǼô򵥡
ǰֵľףĿԽԽѡҩƷҲԽԽߣ׿Ѩ
һֱڵȵģ̵ⷭĻᡣ
׿ȷبδеţҲ޷ܹĵز
ֵľҪλʦơƷ鵤Сųһ
һ׿üͷԾ壬ǰʮʦȴȫ¶˹Ȼ˵ݡ
ǶҩСŻһɲǣƵؿ׿һۣ¶һĨЦ
˴Ʒ鵤ȵٶȡٶԽ죬ַ֤Խ졣˭ɣΧĵڣʼ
СŻ䣬˱ȫȼеԪ֮𣬴󲿷ֶѾʼò¯ˡֻжҩյˣ
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һ¿õ׿ȴվԭأˡϹһ˿ôҲȥء
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ص˵ͷСǰ֮Ӯڶʦ֣Ƕҩʰ·磬ȫһͨ쳹ص
ǣߵ͵ģȴءΪ棬ΪʦԻĳ˶ҩĵƸƷ׵ҩıҪֶΣǡ
˵ųһҧҧСӵȷѾǼѹȺۣ˿ɱȡֻҫ۵һ棬ȴǺеĻ棬ֻͨԪ֮𣬶ؼģҲѨΪֻǶ͹Ƕؾ
ΪһˣҲոܹΪƷʦѡȴöƷҩģǿߵӽƷҩĵزȻļˡ˶ʦƷҩƵҩĻ治㣬ΪϷԶ϶ʱҩĻδȫȻԪˡƸƷ׵ҩģǸǰЩƷҩģͬնġ
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ʦˣǲҪԴˣȾɡФǼĿĵ¥
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׿Сӣɲһ׽Դ˵ñ˵ԴѾܲˡ
ңˣҲǻع鵽ԭļƻɱ˶ҩʲô˵ģ
ȻǾ뵽ξ׿Ҫԣ䡣Ϊϵܷ񻹳⣬һѾ۵ĴˣɲһǺͻ¥
۾΢΢һУ׿˼Ƿüصˡ


138 ʧܣ
صף׿ɽУһλظִá֮ǿڵвܷ֮һ
Զ϶׼ʥҲڴ˵еĴڡֻ¶֮һܣҲѾܹƷ׵ĵҩˡ

˿׿бۿǰʮֻ֣ǸͥŲеҩġǶҩյϸˣ⣬۵һ˿Ĺâ
Ȼĵһɱﵣһֵʤʱʹ
ӦģҲ׿յɱﵣǰᱻⶾҩԡðɡ
һõֶΣֻһˣȻȽðա
εӣ׿³һǿʼˡжеĿҲȫˢˢת
ǶټʶһλŴʹģʦֻľ׳ٳ֡
ǣ˽Ŀע£׿ȴֻ糣һָһ飬һԪ֮롣
ţ׿ָһƷҩģ֮С
ûǰûڶ־ʱһʼʱ֣˲佫ҩľ֡
׿ƽһңЩʦ˵еĻ棬һЩ
ЩƷҩģĻ֮У·ţƳһ㣬ôһҩҺ
ǰľȣʱ׿ɲֻͨѣ˵ǲڳڵʦƺҪǿˡ
˴ڳ˵Ķɵó˳ƺڼ֤һǧһʦ۷뷲һĻ
ǰʮʮʦ׿ķһۡеϧеΣȴ¶һĨЦ
СӵѨվ͹Գˡ
Ц֮У׿վڵһ̨ϵıӰȴԵΪ
ƺҲʶ׿ǰ־ʱĴྶͥûǾ޵ƺĿࡣ
СŲЩ⣬ͷһʦʱʵף治֪δʦôˣƺǰͬ
ٺٺ١ǵȻģ
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ʦһۣ˽ǳشЦ
Ϸ˼ǣֻƵͽ׵ҩ˸߽鵤
СŻǲ⣬ҩʮͣһΪ𣬵ͽ׵ҩҩĽһ͵ĻΪѵ𷴶׽ҩջ١ƸƷҩʱȴΪĻѾˡ
СΪ޷ʱֱ֧ѵû취Ʒϵ鵤ҩаЦһת׿ƵѨ˵԰ɣСӡ
û׿ϹžרעԼϡ
ǡոδʦƳƷ𣿡Сһʵ
мҡҡͷҩǽƷҩǿƷƷ鵤ַϷϣȷƷĻܽҩƷ̶ȣϧٺٺ١
ԣڳе˶Ϊϧذ̾һ
ЩįڼӰ˵УɵأǸеһĪİʹ
֪ʱǧʦУ˵Ѿֻ׿һˡǻ׿һδ似˷ܲѣĪ
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෴ģҩЩʦʱ侮ʯͼͶܣȴ˶е쳣С
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֪˭Ҳ֪һ׿ļţ᳡Ⱥ鼤˼͹
δʦģ
δʦǰ㣡
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һʱ䣬У˲ը˹㣬Слһӿȫɵˡ
Сֻѣôô˵֧֣Ȼ˳ŸӣýӣôûԸΪӸ°
ת׿΢΢ֻ֡һ£б˲侲ǿĺҵĸϣҲ΢΢ݡ
λлǵ֧֡
׿ɫׯϣе¶˳Ͽ֮ɫһӵܣܹ⻨ãѧչʾ֪ѾԸˣԹһ;ľĵһǵһֻλһöҩô£٣
һ䣬׿ٴתŬУ˵ôѵƷҩġǿǼһ磬ڳȴӿ
ѲֻһţһΪʸ־壬׷һӢۡ
ǶҩϹĶǣֻеµһǶôģôػ
δʦ黳ȣһݣ
ǰ̭Щʦǣ׿֪ԼȻУȻڼƣ⡣ЩǰԶȨˣԲλࡣ׿ľ⣬Ҳء
ϯ䣬Ƶ˴Цô˵ͬ飬ǰҲȲ
ѵЩɫҷΪ׵
¥̨ϣȻ֪Ǽ٣ֻͫҲȻ졣׿Ӱ籯׳Ӣһ㣬Ůһ顣
Фǿ޵ϡﻩƺΪ׿ˡ
һУлεƲƲ죺СУװˡǧղһװװͷ˼һѡ
ٺٺ١СӾĺܣͬĿôܳΣŲÿɷҡҡͷЦϷ򿴣СͻȻһ̬һʲôĿġ
ʲôĿģ
˲ȦݺӣС̫ɶ񣬲˼˼ҿޡ
һЩС㲻ǸСӲԸôôΪ
ǲһԹ˼Ϸ
һźл˱˴˶һۣǿЦһβͷϵ亹
Ů˰
̨ϣҩеҩȻȫѾʼںϡʦҲѾһϵҩΪҩҺ
׿ҩģȴֻ֮һ
ΣҩһЦСӣЮ˽壬ûõġĶǰ㣬Ҳų̂ȥϷ͹ҪԴ
Ŷǿɲһ
üͷ΢΢һ׿δЩҩģݺһȻһ֮ɫһǬ
ۣ
һ췢һ̻ƼƮɢ
ҩƤ˶žǴЦҩĻûͽϨһҩĲȫ˲Ź֣Ҫ䣬Ҳĺÿɣѵٱ
û룬׿нţ˫ͫŵֻȭͷչ
ǣӳȴûκεҩֵֻĻҽ
ʧˣ
׿һбҩȥ
ֻʱ˿̣ҩҺѾںɣϾҪߵΡȥֵľھĪ
һ׿һâһаĻȡ
ϲĶոӵģҪӱ㡭


139 ȥ
ģô£ǰѾȫٵҩҺδʦξȻ־еһʧˡѵ˵δʦƷ𣿡
չʾ̨ϣ׿̯ƣ¶Ǻҽһ˲䣬Сű̲סг䣬һĿȴǺݺݵص
䲻˸£СЩηؿ׿һۣʱ졣УȴǱڳ˶ˡ
һʱ䣬˶ֹסؽ˽ͬ飬ֵǵؿ׿ķ
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յ𣿺ǺǣȻλʵƷʦǿϧҩɻûƹ
ʱ˿̣֪ҩΨһĸ󻼣׿ϹؼľšֻҪ׿ʵһ˿ɵУ
Ȼ䣬ȫһϣؿ׿ЩһʼˣֻҪɫЩʦؼˣҲذƽ⣬׿ߡ
һŵʦΪΪ˱ʵ̫ϧˣ
ǣʵʵ׿Եһʧܺ󣬱ɫûɵģһƺܵԳܵĴ㣬Ȼ׾ˡ
ĺӣ
£вٸˣ̲סشҩЦһȥ׿Ѿɥʧ־ʧߣר֮ϡ
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ϧҩĲŸոΪҩҺƸɵ壬ǶҩȻƳɹˡ
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ߣҪϷǻءҩһǰδе˷ܵ
װǰֶǸСѹţֱڲܷϷı졣
ۿеĵҩһϢ֮Ҫ׻ΪƷ鵤ҩԽԽǱһƳɹƷ鵤ʱҪġ
ԶĻƣ龰Ҳص˵ͷ
յݺҧҧʵ̾˿¥̨ϵĳǵˣ˫ȭ߬𣬵ȴֻߺޡ
еһУƺѳ䶨תܡҩΪֵľھһٶȡ¥¥֮
䣬ֹ
¥һ֮󣬰ܾѶ
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ͻȻ֪˭һ磬쳹ȫţһ¡췢ҩеĻ澹أȻը
ҩһ񣬺üë˲佹ڡͬеĵҩҲ׻Ϊ˻ҽ

ʱ䣬˶סˣ˴˶һۣǲԡôö˶˵ģϵĵҩͱըˣ
ҩΪһʦӦòʧɡ
̲סض˶ҩӲ壬תͷȥѾȫҪ˵ķŭ֮ɫ
ĵطȴԲԶ׿λá
˳Ŀ⿴ȥǾȻ֣ʱ׿ѾȫûǰɫԱ߹һ˿Ц⡣ıǿ·ҲֱֱɫճҺ֪ʲô
˻
ݺݵһ±ӣճҺ˱ǿУ׿ЦӣһǸǺǺǡ˼ϳϣżз纮
飡
һ˵ӵʱһأϺݺһ飬֪ÿ޻ǸЦֻǿЦá
δʦҵҲ̫˰ɣǶҩǰɻҪŵ֮ˣиȾ纮ĵ
ԺͰٲˣôοѾǶ͹ǾΪˡ
Ҫ뱨ǾֱӱûҲҸõɲǣǵɵӿ
һ㣬ڳ˶Ѿ͸˴αըܺߣ׿ҪԵĶҩˡ
ֹסزҩȻҪˡ
ֻٵһϢĹҲһգ۵ʱ䣬öƷ鵤ƳɹˡƫƫҪĹͷ׿СӾȻһģһжǰ
ͺñѰʮ꣬ҵģĵرۿϾҪʱȴͻȻһҳϡõĸо
׶ĵʹ࣬ͣˣ
СӣϷһҪ㲻ɣ
ҩһֱڲǶԿǿѹеŭǿϧջûѹһȫƱ͵ͷųڳʦĻ涼ֹסʼҡ

һǵصǿѹҩһ׿Ǵȥ׿ȴ˿壬ȻԵõվԭء
ݣ
һɫз£˲˶ҩһơǵӰأȻ׿ߣгһ㽫Ƴ͵һƵһߡ
ϳϣһ¥İٵʢᣬ£뿪ŭĿӣȳ
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ôˣ׿üͷһϡ
ŭһҩָָڳˣȵȫ£ô˶ϷƷ鵤ϾҪɣǱһ磬Ūùһġ
⣡׿һЦѽҸղŲ˵ôҽżз纮
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ŷƨ׼ƷʦҺ׼żз纮׿ԣ˿á
ҩһͣȴ˰죬Ҳ˵仰
ԭСϷأҲǣ͹ǾָȾ纮ƷʦҩʱҩҺǾܷ顣
ȻǰڣôСҲͬĽڻػ
뵽ҩ޲úݳԼӡදӣɶãҲڱСһѱ͸ҵĵزֶز졣
ĿҩǿԼƽһ˫̹˫ͫݺݵض׿ҧгݵãСӣ֡ǰѱġ׼Ϸһѻ𣬽ں֮ʱˣҲý絽϶У鵤޷ںϣը
ǺǺǡţ磬ô׼ϷҩɱⰻȻݶҧˣеļ˶ó
׿ȴȻں˰֣ЦҲΪҶһ֣ڤڤĬҲһ㿴Ƕҩһ죬ʱҩҺżС
˵żз纮ˣȻ׿û˵꣬ҩȻǿƴϣŭϷ򡭡
˵꣬תصԼλϣʼ׼ˡ
׿νʼ磬ÿɷ
ǼҩȻأûеɳһϾڻ¥󲿷սϼһУеŵ֧֣һ˺Ǳذܡ
ҶҪ棬֪ҩ޳ܣŲԸŪ󣬷򡭡
뵽ǿԵ׿΢΢һֻ˵ܸң㾿˭𣿡


140 һǬȫ
Ӳһ׿ӲŤͷüͷһƣ૵㡭֪ˣ
֪΢΢һֵ̣ؿһۣʵأ
ȱôС¥ᣬҵʱ治֪Ǹ˼׿æذڰ֣ȻǶҩѾʼڶˣæµԺ˵ȥǸϼһ߳ȥ
˵꣬ҲƵˡ
ǲһ㶣гã֮⣬ŨŨʧС
ֻľԼƷУòһһĳ͡ƾľ飬ųɾŵ˼зǷ֮롣
ôһ⣬ҲܹǢദôҲڰ˰ɡ
׿յı֣·ǿҪ㣬Ǻ޲Լȡⲻеһ࣬Сӣô͸һ㶼һء
ˣʱѾΣΪٻйƬҶմ鳡ˣСӾȻͯ
뵽ǲһ죬һԼ뵽ȥˡ
ǣ벻ǣ׿֮ˣΪﵽħʵĸ߶ȡȻףڲٺŮ˾谭һǿǰϰ
Ҫ̤ħ۷壬Խħʣħ۾̣ȻҪ谭
ûлص¥̨ϣȻվԭأעΪֹΨһĶˣܻصһλ̨λá
׿ȴͷҲᣬֻжʤִ
бƳһֻصԵͷҩŭǰҪɢ˲٣һЦСӣ㻹ʲô

׿һ̾ҩһʦӣȻϢָֻ֮ƽ
ԣȷ˼
ٺٺ١ҿϷҵġ
Ҳ̫߿ԼˣõŸ㵷ңüͷһ׿Ц
ÿɷҡҡԴҩһеҩģһаЦǵң㻹ʲôãǹһٶȣѾΧϣˡ
ԭˣ͵ҵİɡ׿⣬Ȼƽ
ȻʧЦһҩؿ׿һۣǺǺǡһʼôģȷʧΪһüơ޷ƷҲܸϷƣյõһϧС̫һʼͿڳԣ˵ʲôκܰλϸȥͰԴ˫ַϡյ𣿡
Ȼһԣٴν
ǰϣ˶䣬Ψ׿䡣һӹھıϵ£ԴҲ֮ҡ
ʱϷ㣬԰ȻΧʱΪյסϷ𣿡ҩЦһ죬ƺոյһӾɨˡ
üͷһǵؿ׿л˿˿Թ֮ɫ
ҪԣҲҪзִ簡һ£ϼһס˰ѱǺѻˡһ㣬컹һģ̳ġ
ǿְֺޣѵҪʧȥװ
ϾҪ󹦸ɵյԣҲֹסزһƣƵĻ澹Ȼͣˡ
̫ţĵ㲻ɣ˻ɣ
׿Ƴһۣתֿ˶ҩеɫ˲ϼһȻ˵ˣһֱվλϣˣ͸ûлȾָ㲻УˣҲС
䣬׿һͻȻ͵ȼ棬ָһʮҩı׷׷֮С
ĹģȻ˿ȶҩЩֵԪ֮ֻһϢ֮䣬׿ĶͷȻϸܵ亹
龰ҩɴЦСӣΪԳʱάôǿĻ档
ߣªţ㿴֮Ĳ
۾΢΢һУ׿ͻȻһһֻ͵ȼջֱֵֻۡ
žһ죬ٴǿϣ׿˲佫ȫԪ֮ڡҲͬһ̣׿оһ͵߬һֻȭȻлеҩȫС
ֻһɲǵĹǸĻ˲ûӰֻ׿ǽյȭͷͨͨ죬˿˿ȭɢ¶
еһУӻ𣬵ҩķ룬ٵһУǼϢڶѣȫһǳɡ
дˣûü׷ʲô£Ȼˡ
ɻͷ˱˴˶һۣϵ׿֪ոյЩʲô
ҩֻȭͷƤ΢΢˶ͻȻЦϷΪҪʲôղһǰһҩȫˣ
ڴڵش˼ڴ׿ɫЩ԰ףȻԪľ¡ȴһǰδеа컡ȣĨЦ֮Уƺ޾š
ϼһθɵȻһǽȴδһ
Ƶҩһۣ׿ֻȭͷ߸߾ٻ򿪣λƷ鵤ɣ
׿߰ȫ쳹һöʵĽɫ裬תͣ
˵ĵ㣬ҫ۵Ĺâֻһۣܶ϶ǾǻʵƷ鵤ɡ
ʱ䣬ȫһηˡδʦովʲôôͻȻһöҩ
Ǿ׿Խǰʮʦֹס뾪гôܣ
ȻҲ׿νһȺҩģ˲Ϊһöҩģˣе𺳣˵Ǽǿ˰ٱǧֹ
Ǳ˵Ǽˣǰû
һɵɵؿ׿лŵҩԴѶ·ˡȻϹǶϹŵ伮ȴ˽ġǾǵ伮֮УҲûмع
ֻһȭĹһöƷ鵤ͳ¯ˣģҪô׵ĻʦԺʲôɽԺġ
һʱĵû˼öడ
¥̨ϣҲȫɵˡֱа
Ҳ̫˰ɣʲô
ϯ䣬ԻΪ׵һ˵ȣҲȫɵˡ
СӣСӡ촽˰죬оȴһֱ˵һ仰ߵˣҲȫˣ
ֻͫУֻ׿ŵҩһֻ֣Ҳݲˡƶ϶ĻҲûһע⵽
³һ׿еҩõѱĿɿڴضҩǰ˻ΣϼһϹһǬ𣿡
ݺݵգգۣҩӲתԴ׿ڿһ֪ܳĹƵġ촽˰죬ȴһ仰˵
һǬ𺳣ɲǰЩϹľѣ졣
ڣܶʦͬһ㣬ôҲ޷ţȻ˲֣
мһ׿˰ɣϼһ֮Ĳ࣬һͶҩĲ֮࣬𡣡
ؿ׿ҩȴһֶҲ˵ڡ
Цҡҡͷ׿ҩٵչʾ̨СŵķǸΪֻƷƷ鵤ˣƷ´ﲻӰҵΰɡ
һеʦݳһգ޳ˡ
һϢ֮Ʒ鵤Ȼ죬ȻƷЩԺô
СʱҲЩ£׿Ժ󣬲ŷӦæŵǰӹöҩϸ˿ţδʦƷƷ鵤ɹΪֹھյ
СŻ䣬׿͵ת˫ſˣűɫƮױȵİֻҪվλϣûվ
δʦδʦδʦ
һʱ䣬Ⱥ鼤ܣȫȭͷк׿ڵ֡
Ȼδʼ׿˵УȻģʵĵˡ


141 Ҫ߳ȥ
¥̨ϣ춯صźԮӣлһ۵СӣߵǸﰡΪһ
ǺǺǡ̫ƽʢСӵҲʱˡ룬һֻ΢΢澡֮̾ɫϷ֪ǵ֮ÿμϷ̲סһ治֪СһжǱ
ԣٿ׿£µ߷緶ͬص˵ͷ
Ф˶׿ĿޣɽԴƵġ
ҶˣǰǸһʵǿ̫ˡ
ͬ˼Ҳͬʱڳг֣׿ܵ˳ݵӰԭͻȻüΪΰҲ˲ʱ޵顣
ΪһŮˣǳǣҲϣܹһʵı۰
ǣǻ¥һŮĵطΪ¥¥ȻС͵صĵӡ
ң֮ڣܹı۰Ҳࡣңла֮ˣֵиĴڡ
ʱҪƣڻǿıϡϧվѡ˼棬
Ǿʱ׿ȴˡһʼֻǽкȨҵο塣ֱʱŷֻ֣ˣֵεˡ
ж׿ĻȻڴ˷ؽţ𶯲źֱʦǣöĤۣеĻ涼Ų
Сչʾ̨ϣ˫֣󺰵ˣ밲
ǣûһǵŮһڣͱû˹֮С
龰̨ϼֱţȴ޼¡
΢΢һ̣׿һֻڳ˵Ŀۼ˹ȥţݺһץȭ
ǰҪõź˲û졣·һɲǣ˶߹һУֻʦлȼգҲûκһ֡
λһӣʦأ밲һ㡣׿˦˦ͷƵص
ԣȻصͷһơ
龰СŶ޳ˣ辿˭ĵ̰λδʦĺҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
л̲סݺݳһƤ̵ģСֿʼװˡ
ϯƵɫȴԽԽ׿ԽߣǶֱԽѣϣĽ
ǣ׿ȵҪֻϴҪһ㣬ڳУֻƾҩˡ
ȻڵĶҩƺҲȫûš
ңңۿȥҩѾ߶ʮһʼץʱϽˡʱ̬ķչԤڵȫһ
׿ûаֵܱ˵־ĹھΪǵڶĹϵϲ˱һأϷֱ׷С
Ψһڼƻ֮ڵǣٶȣܿ׷ˡ
֪ͬһ㣬׿תͷ¶һаĻȡ
䲻ش˸£ҩȥֻͷ

ͻȻһ˸յеĻϨֻһɢŵӫĵеת
յƷƷ鵤ɣΧյСɤ
׿üͷһƣؿҩЦף̫Ŷˣϣ㲻˵־ҪһλΣĵڶλҲסˡ
ҩаŭȴȻĬ
Ϊ֪׿˼Ҫԣɵػˣмˡ
ֻǿš׿μЦҲܻ졣
ںǰɲһˣ׿дѵʱ䣬ܹġһһ붼ҪĿܻᱻ̭֡
ʱò˵涼Ҫˣ
֪룬׿Ҳż
ߴߴ磬ȻҲҪץѨ磬Ҳܳ٣һٲ
׿һʼңҲ̵ֻѡûŴеʱҲˮܰ㣬ġ
ƷƷ鵤ɣ
ʱһϤϸеĵҩ˸߲ҵչʾ˿
׿ƤһɴЦϣǽ̳һͽܰʤһӣһϯλռˡ
ԣҩûлػȴתͷŭĿǱͽܵλá
һԺͦصϸͻȻеһɱĿԼתͷһԼʦŵһ£æԴȫ졣
ڲźȻ֣һ飬ʦ̨ͬʦû꣬ͽôأ
ⲻʦͷô
ǻڵóӶˣûа취ȻɡҩҲûǲ۵ɵͽܼƽϣæеҩ
ߺȣǶҩͦܳס
׿ӣؿһۣЦǺǺǡǺú˴治ͽܶܣϧ㻹мˣ
ҩһȥ֪֮ıȥĻмء
Ҳǲȥ׿أ˵֪ʵһʼʹһǬʧˡ
䲻˶Ȼҩ֪׿֮ơйĻ⣬Ϊʦֹס˶䡣
΢΢һ̣¶һаĻȣ׿ʱ֮ʧܣΪ̫Ĺϵһ㣬ʹ֮ǰѾȫˣҲûŻɹֻԸְˡҲ˵ҹʧܵģҲΪ
ֹͫסҩһһĻҲζһ¡æƽľǶ仹ǲԾš
֮һֱֵغʧ䣬Ҳװ㿴İˣȫЩ˱ʾͬ飬ҲҹӪַΧĿľΪ˷ľԣĻһ׼㶾ҩҲסɡ
̲סһҩȼŻֲֻɲ˲ŤԴڵϷȫɾڳɵĹؼʱ̣Ϸڵɵ˷֮ʱϷһѡСӣǺļư˿Ĺ֮˰ɡ
ǺǺǡϹˡ
׿˰֣Цһνıǽһп֮ȫˡϵʱ˵˾ȲҵǹĶҲûáû˵ĺܶԡȻȲҵȴ԰ƭ˼ҡǹɱУҲôоѾ¶ҵľ˰ɡ
ŵһֻȭͷ˽ҩݺҧҧԼһˣȻһСŪڹ֮䡣
ǺǺǣҲ̫𡣡
ƺ˼׿ЦһϾƽù˶ҩıֶóҲûʲô˵ġվǰĹߵĻҲҾƭˡ
ߣϷǺݺݵһͷɱ˵̫磬Ϸɾĵˡҩɺݺҧҧ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ȻЦǸϡȻôܲ棬Ҳòź֪ͨϵˡ
һ㶣ҩԡ
ʱһȻ˵𣬾̶Ϣ֮ڣΧյĵ
Ȼȷǳ죬ҽôһѷϻľûңûʧܣҲḶ̌ħЦݣ׿ЦһûĿĿɲֻľҪɵҩ׽ϼһ߳ȥ
ȻһΧԽԽ˿Ҫɹҩһƽһθе˿־塣
ʵ̫ˣȻӵ֣Ǹ֮ǰһʼͲ˴ףԼȥꡣ
ƫƫɺ޵ģԼмƣ
ٿвһҩģҩ粻ߴ½ô꣬ͷһ׿˿ֲĶ֡


142 һƨҩ
ȻֹǾ׿־ʱһʼ֪󣬱ƶõļƻ
αȵٶȣֻҪϼһٶȽΧҲѡ
һЦ׿ٿͷǶҩȻѾĹƣȥϵ
ʱ˿̣ӿٶȣֶһĶҩר־ٶȼֱǰ׾Թ϶һ㣬ֻǼʱ䣬㽫ʣҩȫҩҺ
ɵˡ
üͷһ׿˿żЩ飬֪ǴģǹܲסԼƫƫҪȥֻΪ飬ǸȤˣҩҲ⡣
ȿȿȡһɤӣ׿ϣҿǿĲϣ͸㽲ڵڶ֣ҩʱõоצľϰɡ
̲ס˶䣬Ȼ֪׿ıҲ׿˵νϣȫǼٵģΪһʦڼʶ̲סȥ̽һ
һһϢ֮ɵĵҩΣȴ˲ͣٶȣֱ׿סˡ
ȻʧЦ׿ȴɱ֮ɫţצô˼壬и֣иצ֣ȻҪȰצ͡
費Ƿϻô
ҩ׿ıиƵģҲԲϷԡǣǹܲסԼ˫䡣
ֻҪһйĻ⣬ֹסͣҪһǴУ׿ǲʹĳ´ĵϻһ
Ϊˣ޳ˣ޲ðԼֻĶˡ
ûа취ֻÿչʾ̨ϵСţͬһӸ״㣬С棺ϣСһֱڷϷ
ʲôδʦôģСһ㶣ɻ
ղɺ˺죬ҩһҧҧСһֱϷ߶߶Ϸ
һ˲;ţأȻһôЦ
ΪʦҪľľ˼˵仰ûˣǻʲôʦҲܵһʦ
ڳˣмƲƲ죬ҩĿ⣬ǳ˳ЦǰǴûйġ
֪׿˵֮ԣֱĿǿҵȥġҲܲסֻ䡣
˵Ƕҩ˭һ
˵ĿЦҩղɱøͨ졣£ǰˡ
СŲݺݳ˳ƤЩЦõصϣֲСӡС£ҲҪҸ״𣿡
ǣӲ죬һ¸飬ʲôɸģ׿˿´Ա߲ƴڻ
ⲻһЦ
˼ŰеŭƽҩСŴȵСѾͷΪϣµ׹ܲܣҪȻϷ԰Сӳȥ
úúãҹܻ𣿡Сҡͷ׿ǸЦЦδʦһϵϰߣҪ˵ˣȻȵϯЪһЪ𣿡
üͷһ׿ƲƲ죺ãҸӣ˵ˣ
һ䣬׿ıսͣҲ˵һ֡ʱ䣬ҩо綼徲ˣٿЩˣѾൽ˳ɵزȴҩζû
ǸæӽٶȣҩҺۼһ𣬱һöΡ
ƷҩƳɹ
һ߰ĴУһɡˣ˽˵֮С
ҩ˲ͷ亹´󼱣æץʱ䣬鵤ǣлЩ㷣Сٳʲôеҡ
ǣ֮࣬ڷĲ쿴׿һһǣʱ׿ƺ൱ɣҲһ˵һۣ·ѷҪļƻ
ߣСһװģǰϷĵŻᱻлɳˡϷһҪӽСԽں˵ԽпѰϷҪʼʩ
۾΢΢һУҩЦͬʱǸһֱš
Ϸ򣬿ɲϵڶεˣ
ϣˣ
һ𣬵ڰ˸Χ
ҩһŬԼ侲ĻƽȡԽʱľԽҪƽ
еĵҩѾȫΪ˵ΣҩҧҧʮֵľѾؼʱ򣬾Թ
б۲ʱûʲô׿ҩеĵҩ
ܿ죬һͲһͻ𣬽ҩۣΪ鵤󹦸ɡ
ַ·صһα׿һƻʱ̣üΪԣͬһطΡ
ҩͫһ͵شһлȻǿ
Ȼڴʱһʵȴٴ
磡
ǵҩһ𣬸æһ˦ӣס棬һת׿
һţľȴֹסزһ£еĻҲŲǶʦḻżæȶľûؼһϣٰѵҩ
³һҩ˲ͷ亹ת׿׿һۡ
ȴֻû磬ӣƺʲô¶ûһ
ƺҲע⵽ϼһĿ⣬׿תͷȥüͷһʲôӿû˵㰡
촽˰Σҩзŭȴǰ˵ѾûϷ򣬵վǶϷĸš
һ̣ҩǸеޱȵķۡ⵹ϵͶ٣ۡݺ½ô꣬ûйƣ۵ʱ̡
֮࣬ڱ˸߶Ƚŵĸܵˣ
Դˣ治ò׿д֡⼸ʮܰҩɱƵϵģ׿ͷһš
ƺҲʦϸɵˡûһĺʦ𣬱˽˲õĵزġ
ٿһλϣǹһĨĪЦ׿оɵ˿˿⡣
յɳԱ˵ʹ졣ǿǣܽŪڹ֮׿ǰ⡣
¥̨ϵˣЦſˡ
ɺôҶɵĶҩǽȴһé®СһԸͷʵǴġ
ҲСͨˣϣƱøҡ
ҩԶħ׿վҩвħҲֻܸ̾ǶжĥԸĶˣҲֻ׿ٱĶħſԡ
ʱ˿̣ҲֻжϯĻһ˵ȣŶҩǱŵսսӣ֡
СҪˣɾͺõˣ
˿ҩУһɵĵҩŬԼƽ
˼ףԣ׿һҲ䡣
׿ˣҪԴ˫ַϡˣٲ˵ǵĵù
뵽ҩͫһл͵ؼӴ󡣶öĵҩҲǿҵĻУ˲ųĹʡ
ҩðž⣬΢΢һϣĻȡ
ҪˣڿԽⳡƣˡ۰

ͻȻһȻ쳹ڶҩߡҩһеĻأȻһźһը
ҩһûע⣬üëٴαսǿҪ鵤Ҳһ˲䣬Ϊ˻ҽ
ҩӲӣٴŤԴ֮׿˼ԴЦٺٺ١Ǹոûס˸ƨǲ̫˵㣿
˻
ҩֹסغݺ𣬿׿ǲЦݣڵĺüëӭȴһҲ˵ˡ


143 Ԫ
Сӣ㳹׷ˣ
¥̨ϣлݺǰʯЦֹ۹ⶾҩô˵һصû뵽Ȼҵĵزǿ޿޲ŭŭӣҲ̫ˡӣЩˡ
Сӣû԰ôܶ˼лһߴ׿һǶҪЦ˻
뽣һۣҲȫݸһЦǿ׿ȴֻ̾
໥˿ٿ׿иָ֮ɫ
ͬͣǻǳǱ֮ڳһļ塣ΪֹҲڳϴֶѡ
׿ūͳȴȻｻˣһǴϷ磬ڡ
ͬˣôôأ
ĵ¥໨¥ˣ·ǸƺѾȫƿȫֵӰǾ˵
ҩĺգǶ˿̹ġʱͷһˣǱ·о¥δܵеùƵġ
ǽ׿ǰͷȴ·ǸһصһϷˣȴ޼ƿʩ
ģǱ˵ǼˣһӶ󲻳⻹ǸպݶŰضҩ
ɬ˿ĭĵ໨λ¥˴˿˿һ໨¥ǰӯӯһݣ̵壬ǾͱٸǴˡ񣬾ǺηʥѵĸҵĹӣĳŵŵӳ𣿡
ظŪһº룬ųһȴЦҡҡԴоȻҲǳãңǺǺǡǸ岻ө֮⣬ʵ䲻Ҷ֡šϷҲδ˵֮Сӵϣǽⲻģ
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145 
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146 ޳Ӷ
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СӣĻҵģôʲôãһ
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ݺݵ׿һۣɨһڳʮλʦŴȻʮλʦѾ׼ôڿʼ
һ䣬Ԫ֮˲ǰһһȼ
׿վڵһλӣȻûжСſ׿ҧгݵЦδʦסˣõֵҩģҪȫ˲У
һ׿мƲƲ졣
ɵƣӲŲִأӵ˵ڣ飬֮󼪣ҺΣ
䣡
ͻȻһɽҰ޵ŭ֮쳹ȫһƳѪĻ涸Ȼ
ֵһɲǣ༸ʦеԪ֮ϱήȥ
۾΢΢һУ׿Цһ
ߣЩϼһҪóʵˡ


147 ͨ
⡭ǡ
СƺҲͻĹһɵգգ۾˻ȼ֮
һ΢΢˸룬ǼʦǸЦЦǺǺǡ˼ϾľˣϷҲòóѹ׵ıҪʲô֮λ
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һʼƻͱѹһͷ⻹ôȣ
Ǽ˼ȰޣΣͬʱһĿ⣬Щ΢Ľ֮ɫ治֪ϼһ档
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ǺǺǡСѾͷȻʶ㲩ΰٵʢϡ˵һ;˻⣬Ҫľ̶ȡϷ棬Ҳһְաڵ֮ǲ󰡡
һ˰֣˵üΪǫ飬ǸɫȴǷ·Ȼõ˴˴εĹھһ
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ҲǣһҵʦŪļ޵޻𣬸οϸҩĺĵأ
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һ䣬Щͨӻ֪߲ʲôǳǺĵ໨λ¥ŭĿ
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Ȼû˵꣬һ̵ĻȴȻǰ
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յЦһԵϸһֿۣ˿ԶĶҩһߣҪһ¥Ǵǻ¥ϴĻ棬ֻϯʦ
СѾͷסɲѰޣӥɸ߿գҹûʳɽҩУʹ¾ƵҩߵҩƷʣʲôĻԱȵģ
յ·ڽ̵Сţ˶ˣìͷȴֱָϸ
ϸҧҧȴԶԣ弶޵޻𣬶޵޻𣬱Ͳһοӥʳҩ󣬸ǿ˲١
һûпɱԡ
յｫһпɸ߰ذ˰ͷһЦֻܳҩߣСӣţɲҪ̫ˣķͷ
üͷ̲סض˶ϸʹһҧݺݵؿյ̫ţɲҪ˵̫硣ǸϣĶ֡ˣҩĵһʦɲңҵʦҩ
һ䣬ϸ͵תҩķ򣬴ʦ˳ʶ˼ʵˡ
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λʦǲƴ֣޻áǼɶö찡ֻԪ֮ˡ
кãɲҪóʲôˣȻԪ֮ѹƵģ˵ˣһϡĻû˰


148 
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ϸĽ쳹˵ĶߡǶҩȴ·ȫû㣬˫Ŀֻǽһ
ֱϸ˵ڶΣɲΪ
Ŀ⿴ȥȴǷľͷվڵһ̨λӣ˫ֻڱĿ׿
ʱ˿̣ҩУֻһУΨһȼ־Ķ֡
һҩȣСӣĵǷк֣
˫׿Ƴһۣ߳룬û׼ƨ£
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Уϻǵñ˼δʦһһ磬һƨڶϯλסƴ˰ǿ
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Ƕٲ˽ҲףǼǧųĻ֮顣֮ڣ˵ǻߡ
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ǰһһȭڣ
Сһ䣬ȡ׼һ
΢΢һ㶣Щ⣺ΪҪ³֣ⲻϸøɵ𣿡
۾΢΢һУЦһ֣ǱҪҲϣ󶯸ɸꡣ죬Կ̼ȡСԴʱŭҲزΪһ˳ˡ
ɻȻһĴָ̾ߣʵǸ߰
ȫһθһ޳Сˡ
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Ȼڴʱ˶벻һĻˣҩеĻ׿˻ΣЦСӣ֪ϷΪҪ˰ɡ׼޻ϷǰҲᱻѹƣӲʵ
㲻ó⣬𣿡׿ɫɵȻž
˿ҩ΢ƺʲô󾹴Ц̹Ȼص˵ͷûϷȷڣϷӮһأ˭ʵһʦԻѹȡʤϷⱲӶġ
Ƥ˶׿ؿһۣĵװͷ
ϼһȻ޳ܣıթͷһйʦҩǲǿϧһ㣿


149 ף˭
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ǸϲģַʲôͿüͷһ壬ƺое㲻ԣ˫ȭ
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תͷһ۶ϯˣ׿һо۵ףٿҩϼһˣǲˣɡ
Ƥһҩؿ׿
׿ԣ⡣˵һָ£رԼơ˵б׸ǿĻ棿
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뵽ҩ𾪡ôҲ޷ţǿĴڣ
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ⲻӲ죬˵Ҳֹѵ˵λδʦҲͨ׼붾ҩһ
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ҩҲ̲סЦСӣ㵱ϷСأ˰ԵĻ档óϷ򵱳ͷҲ

Ȼû˵꣬һɫĻȴǺȻ׿˫ָϡһ㰵⣬ƽȻ˿κ˵
ǣһͨͨɫ磬ȴ·ǵһ㡣ֻǳֵһɲǼ䣬һεѹȴȻ͵ɢȥ
ǰһֱҫЦϵعףʲôµް㣬˶ҩĿƣ͵شܻ˲ϨҲ¶һͷ
Ƕҩδ߶Ҳٲҳˡ
ˣһ桢ϸյ޻³͸ǿ֪ˡ
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üͷһ׿˿еףЦ˭֪أǱ͵ġ
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ǽ׿ŷ֣ǵ˼ҵ֮һ
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ҩȦ˺죬ȫĽʺޡĻ˼ʱԺ֮Уȫǹһš
ڣռΪС
ȫ֪ʲô׿ɴЦŸո˵Ļ˰ɣôҩҸһ䣬˭С֮ģ
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ģСӵʵ׽͸ǰ֣ûһʵ˵ʵģȴʵ
̵ģСӵļʵ̫ˣϷ׼
лڵֱۣҩǲòһϵǸδʦոϷС֮ĶȾ֮ˡ
ҪֻҪǾӾͺá
׿Цһϼһһ飬˳һԼڣ˰ɡ˵Ҫһ
ЦѾһһ˭Ļ𶼵㲻ˣôȣ
ѹС˵̨ͬ˲ñȾˣԭ˰
ҩ̾һʮٴϴǸδʦϷǰдˣϷɡ
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׿Цһ𣬼˫ۣĿֻ۾ϵһɲǣȴһ䣺ˣǽ飡
Сȴڳ˶С
ҩһȻзŭȴί
ϷѵҪƽһ˸ô³Ȼ˲ܵ
֪ί̾ʱ׿ս˫ĿԴȴ΢΢˵㣬һһĻȡ


150 Ȩ
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лһȻӣڲͨΪڤȵĶ似ʱô׾ͱƽˡ
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뵽л֪⣬ؿһۣ̾Сеı治٣̿²֮£ֻ𣿡
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һΣ׿ڳ׿ʵ
Χˣһ𣬱˴˿˿¶˲˼֮ɫλһ˵һϿɱ˵Ļ
ڣȻڿǿ󣬶ĿǷԷθġ
˵ոջΪٴαѹһͷԵʣòһͬǿһ档
һ֮ˣֵ顣
Ǻ˿׿УһƬ֮ɫ
Ȼһ䣬Ʊصֳϣһ㶯ˣҪСӡ
ǳ¥Ǳߡ
۾УƵһɱ⣺ΪУĲдӣĸѰ
ԣȫһݣ΢΢ͷ

һز԰׵Ļٴȼ𣬶ҩҪСűæסЩǸЦЦǸϡ⼸λʦ޻𣬶˵ĻʵӰ̫ΪϣΪ˹ƽλƾǿһƣ֪Σ
ߣҸǼõ
һҩɨڳһۣһЦô˵ϷѹסǣȫԸΣǵʵӮϷһһõֱ˷Ϸʱ䡣
ԣյﲻһŭݺݵصһۡϸаЦһΪӦ
ʦһǸ֪ðСӣȷе㱾⣬˭ʦõ
༸ˣһڣȻҲŭʵʵҩ˵ûҲ޴ӷֻҡͷ̾Ϣ
龰СŲЩΪѡ
ⵤʮ˾ȴֻ˶Ծˡˣ񲻳˰裿ǽк壿ûŭ
ǣҩһʦҪּҲû취
ȻСżֱʱһеȴͻȻ
ϼһȻǾ͸һᣬαأ
һһԴȴ׿ɻ˫ۣĿ˼ȴһĨĪЦ⡣
üͷ壬ҩһһջ棬ٳˡ
ЩֻԪ֮ĿʦǣɴϲˣȴǿŶҩĬӣɵ
ͽܣϸҲȫסˡ
ʦҩǺεȽ֮ˣôͰű˵жأҲ̫û˰ɡ
ڣʵǣ׿һ仰һ߰Ķҩĸ߰
ô£ͷתˣϯڤ峤Ҳǲһ˱˴˶һۣɻ
ֻûע⵽ǣһ̣Ƶͫһɱ
ҲڳˣҲֻףʲôȨ
Ǳ˾Եķӣ
ȨҲСֻǿЩ˾֪ǾԷȨڵŵģЩֻڵŵƣŶΨǴӡ
˵ǿڷĲ
ǻףϵ׿ѾΪȨˡͬǣȨķڷ֡ҩˣĻҲհ졣
ֻΪһʼͽ˵ģ۵ϣһ˶ŷ
ĵ֮Ȩ֮
Ҳһʼƶ׿ɱ⻹ȽʣԼҲ²⣬ͻĹϵѾһԴ˵׿׸ǹʱһȫ˱ɱ׿ɡ
˲²Լխݲǿ֮ˡֻǺȻʶˣһֱ£սȨ
ߵȨս
һɽݶ֮ˣȨᣬҪһݡ
ƺѾܵԶĨɱ⣬׿ȴ˿ںһ̣¶Ļȡ


151 ִ
Сŵ飬ֻԪ֮ʦơǸæȼ棬ǰǼλʦ΢΢ͷʾøл󣬱ظ
Ȼͬ۹ǰеʦԴӼ׿ٿǾͱƽƽˡ
ڳºܶˣĵش˹Ƿ
ڣʦɡȴƷƷƷƷûгƷ֮С
ֵıĿȻƷˣⵤʱȻƷȻûʤĿܡ
һ㣬ԼҲףֻҪһԼܵĳЩˡ
ɵƲƲ죬ϸЦȻʦ˵öԣõʵ˷ʱ䡣
˵ţϸбۿԵһ棬Цͷ˵ļ޻㣬ҲƷ
ٺٺ١Ϸβᵤ֮λֻҪӮСһѩǰܣѾˡһӣһ⡣
ԣϸ·ʲôЦЦ㣬Цϼһܾ֮ˣҿڷʴʣӵ޻ҲǿʲôӮӣ
ߣֲֻǿ֮ϴϷֻٶϣϷɾѷС
䣬һһȼе޻𣬽Ÿҩ浹롣ϸǹһЦϼһһѩǰܡ
ʱһһȥĻڲϵȼգӳһǱͨաͻȻһ۵һڣһѪֱ
Ҳһɲǣ͵رһöĵط˳һץ
ûй˵ϲǵѪһڴڵش˼ݺݵؿѾ˵ϸ¶˽Цݣǵҩٵǰ
Сӣ㿴ǼƷ
ϸͷҧҧû˵СȴȻгʦˣƷƷҩ
ʲôƷƷ
һ£˶гԭΪʦƷʦû뵽ȻƳƷƷոսƷʦʦİ
ѵΪļ޻Ĺϵ˵

ǻ룬ϸȻȼ˲Ļ档ȼյĻ磬ӳ˫Уȼһ㡣
ಣ
һҩķ׷׷УϵںϡǳԷˮȻļڳ˲ɵ̾
ǰΪ׿̫ͻһϸЩʦȫĹâ֮¡ֱǲŷ֣˵츳䲻׿ô̬ҲǾԵˡ
治ҩ֣¸̾
ۣ
ͻȻϸҲһҧ⣬һѪ͵˳ǻ֮У˲ɫһ
һ龰̲ͫסһЩ岻˶촽䶯죬ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ֻУɫ
ݣ
Ϩһɫâĵ˲һץٵһǰϸǺѪ԰ɫ¶һΪ˵Цݣͷ㿴ŵΣ
ؿһۣһҡҡͷû˵һ仰ֻ޾į
ϸشЦ
СǸæߵǰͷһɾϸӣƳƷƷ
ʲôƷ
һ£Ⱥг׷ˡƷʦ˶ҩ֮⣬ҩȻֳһҩ
յһԿã̲סࡣ
һﶼô֪жҩڣܵõ֮λѪжĳԹҪô
Ҫ֪ʧһѪǿԪˣ궼δȫָ˵ġٵãܾͻ𺦣ΪԶǰ
ʦδؼʱ̣Ѫ
ҩǵ˼̭ĽҪͷʲôŤȻҲȫ趼Ѫ
յһ°һȴǳ
ƷʦӮһ˭֪һﲻ֪ĸԣȫѪϸ˲Ʒ鵤
ҪβѪĻܾܿͱϸӮˣĶ飿
һҧһţյ˲һɫдɫĻš
ǲ֪꣬ѵƴݻƴ
һҩĲϵӣڿ쵤ɵһ̣յҲǺݺһҧ⣬һѪʱ
Ϩյ彫ҩУչʾ˿¶Цݡ
ģƷƷ鵤
СŵľٴҲȫһηֻϸһ˴˶һۣٿյнɻ
̫ţڵ۶ǴεĶԹŴʲô

յһ򣬲û³ѪǿŶɻĿ⣬ȴһ죬򶨵ŭߵߣ֪һ£ɽɽˡԶأûҪΪһεʤᵽڡҪ۹ųԶһ㣬ԺĶֻܶࡣ
˵˻յﳤһ˸нĻˡ
ǣѹͲ顣
̫ţԸᣬԸָʤʲô£
ϸһüЩĪصɽɽˣǲ֪ʦСӲ⻹˵
һԵһҲ΢΢ͷӣõ̵ǣ
յﲻһͣãȴԷ
һĪյ޲һ߷ǡҪ˴˶ݣѪõΪά棬ҲѪ
ºҸ̨ף£˵治Ǹ
˵ϸСΪҩˣͲǶһôͣôҲ֪һӡ
յа޵ҧгݡ
ǣȴѲעˡ
ʱ˿̣˵Ŀⶼ˶ҩΪǶ֪ĵ˵ʮ˾ʵʤֻǶ˾ˡ
۾Уҩкеس֮ɫǽ׿˫֮ͫУƺлȼһ㡣

һаЦٴγСţûżҩģҩһʼٴһѪ
ʦҪϸһɴг
ҩڵʱȻùһѪʱԪˡһΣǾϼˣܻܿѪľ
ҩȴѲôˡ
һ֣ѵãΪ˴׿ƽĶ֡һҪȫԸҲϧ
ͫһҩҩһȥǹ׵£˲ΪҩҺǿѪϵһ
ۣ
ͻȻҩٴһѪ
ӣֹϸյҲ̲סƤһд󾪡ϼһǷȥȻܹߵҩƷʣԻΣİ
ǣҩȻ˲ô࣬дʱֻ޾ķ񡭡
ϸعڵأҩķǹӿ£ʦ쾿ô˰
ৣ
ʱһֱĿ׿˫Ŀתҩ˹ȥһƬƽ
Ǽ׿ҩȴ·˷ˡ


152 鳲

ȵ棬ӳŶҩǲ԰ѪɫԭƲʱȴһһ㣬ǵʮλ̨ҡӣƺһ̾ͻԵƵġ
ǣȴȻҧҧͦšңң׿ӵһ̨ϿĿ⣬ҩһЦٴһ˿˷֮ɫ
ƺ׿ư㣬ҩһӡ䣬ȼ
ڽźķѪ£ȻޱԪȻѾЩѡĺ黺£ֻɫ˫ҲѸٱò԰
ȴȻ˸˸Żн۳εĵ衣
龰ǳ⼸ϼһŮӣҲ֮ġ
ȻҩϼһﲻʲôˣԵҩִţȴʵ˾壬һʦšų̾һе¶֮ɫ
Ҳ΢΢ͷҩĿ⣬塣
λãʶӢӢۣǵˣҲ˾صĵط
ײ𣬶ڶҩһλʦʱ̣ǿŵҩȻ˵Ρ
֮У׼
Ȼڴ˿̣ҩȴһѪ
ۣ
һѪУٴһʱ˵һ췢ȼյĹ͵رѿ
ͬʱһɢŰɫ쵤ҩһ㣬ЦŷСЦе壬ͬһޡ
ҩĸ˵ҩԣ̲ͫסһ̾˵ҲһȻؿڿвϷĵ裬Ŀࡣ
Ȼ˵ȷܽԸ赤ҩǿҩƷʣҲÿʦ
һǧ꣬ûʦõ𣬵Ǿûһ˿Ƴĵҩ
ԣҲǴӹ⴫صġһǧܹһʦȴǷëǣڷ½Ҳ껹һԳһ
ڣҩȻˣ
Ϊ׿ҫ۹âǶ콫λһʦȴڣȴʵ֤Ǹǿʦ
һУǵУҩ̵뷢޷裬ǵչʾ׿λãоٴγ˲һİ
Ȼ̫࣬Ǵʱ˿̣Ǹоλҡҡ׹ˣ˵ĸߴΰ
⡭ǡ
СŶȥֱգţȴǽͰ˵һɻ֣öҩȻƷƷƺûﵽƷ֮ףô£
۾΢΢һУҩûлشֻһ˫ۣ׿λá
Ȼս
Цһ׿ŵҩȻƷ֮ףȴƷĵҩҪĻǳƷɡ֮;ƵľȻƷֵȴһƷԱȡ
һ˽Ծ
ȻгԽƷƷǻǵһһЩͽʦҲ˲סˡ
ֻЩƷϵʦȫԭɡ
ʵϣܰٷְƳƷҩʦȻоƷ֮ϣƵĿռ䡣󣬼ǳΪƷʦȴȻƵš
ƷƷƷȴûô
ǿƷƿ˵츳֮ϵ츳
ܹΪ߽ʦıضƳƷģȴеɡ
Ȼҩ
һʱ䣬ǿҩ񣬸Ӿء
ǶҩȴЩֻֻһˣҲΨһˣһϸ¡
˳Ŀ⣬ȻȻؿ׿Ҳҩ˻ȥöƷΪ˴ʷǰǿ֡
ʱ䣬Ҳ׿Ӧԡ
֮λʦ۷ԾɲܹʶġҲ˽죬ûˣǵиӽ˷
˿׿Ĭ˼
Ҳȥؾѻȸ˵˼ȴһֱǣ׿ϣΧκζҲϾȥˡ
ɫԽԽƵɱŨء׿Խڶʱڣ˵ԽǶȨսҲԽев
ĵҲԽǽ׿ɱĶ֡
ŵˣüͷ壬׿ӰӦԡǵȻ¥ˣҲнš
ֵǣǴʱȴûжٻ¥ҩĶԹֻǵڹģ׿ҪӦԶҩս
ûֿҪķΧУǷ·һֻǹעλʦ۷Ծ
˭ʤνΪֻλʦǵǷױȵ𺳣͹ˡ
˼Ƭ̣׿³һһصĻȣԭˣǾ԰ɡ
Ц׿ٴתҩķ򣬵һѪҪɥͷȻĿڣҲƴġҪҲó㿴ұ£ƺЩԲ㡣
Ȼҩһ֣˿壬Щ˷֮ɫ
ܹƽǿĶȫԸӦսΪһûб˵ˡ
ƺҲĵ˷ܣ׿Цһ¯ԡ
ƶ˵ۺҲƶʱ˿̣׿ȻȫĽ㣬һһǣÿһ˵
ৣ
ûмŵ׿ָһʮöʯ׷׷ɵ¯⣬ɵгһͼ
˼ˣһ㶣˴˶һۣǲԡ
δʦҪʲô𣿿Ͳʲôϵ
ֻڳĹڲףǶҩЩʦҲȫһԻԹ󷨺ûʲôǺ⣿
û˵ɻ׿һ򣬿ĬŵբΪҿķ׿ϣ껯Ӱ鵤ͣ
䣬𶯣öʼĪ
˴󾪣֪ô¡
ʱһԵĹЦһֻֻɵӰ˷ӿ׿ͷϿա
һӣȫ롣
һ̣һһӰȻܳϿաʹڳˣĿɿڴ
زͣ£ЩɵĶҲȫʧʱȻžӰ
׿ָһɫĻٴȼ𣬽һ˦㽫˦¯С
Ҳһ̣ǾӰ·˼Ѫһ㣬˷ܵط˰Ȧ͵¯֮ڡ
ʱ䣬һӸ߰һȼյĻȻ¯ڿշɳС
Ȼɳʱ˿̣¯֮ڵȻʧƺѾȫǾӰա
ͫһ׿һ̣˫һӡ
ɲǼ䣬ҩС
鳲
׿һȣǾ볤һǷеҩֱײȥ


153 
䣡
صľص˶ߣֱǵĶĤۡҫ۵Ļ⣬̵˶ۡ
âɢȥٴηֿǿеҩȴѲˡ
ֻҪϸȥܿǾǰȣѾЩı仯ɵ֮УؿһѪᴩȫ
˵ѪȴѿǾǸոЩҩҩҺ
Ȼ˲
´󾪣׿ĿӺȻ
˵ǰ׿þצҩҺǱϾƷҩģʮֶѡ׿ƵģƷѴϰ֮ࡣ
˸߽׵ҩľȻҲ˲ɼ׿һȷǷ˼
һϣǶҩҲòϣҲϲҲὫ׿͹ǾΪСӣΪƽĶ֡
⻹ģ죬öҩһɸ߽ʦĪǣѪȻ־ֲͬɫ
Ȼո˲ҩҺͬʱ׿ȻҲ˳㽫ͬҩҺֿˡ
Ҫ֪ҩΪҩҺƼ򵥣ҩĵƿľ׼ƣȴҪ󼫸ߵġһ̫ͣҩΪ̡ɻ̫ҩֺ
ƿ֮ѣʦԣÿһƷٵһ㡣Ժܶʦٳ޷ӵͽ׽߽ףܴһֶǱ߽ҩĵ⡣
׿˲ҩģҪľ׼ƿϼѡǶҩ
׿ˣսһӿ׼ƿϰҩ˲ֳɲͬľŷݡ
ûǼ㶾ҩ붼顣
һЩҩǶȷҪȽҩҺű࣬˳ơҩĶƣҲɡ
ʱ͸ҪСĽÿһҩҺҪơһʲô©ҩҺлһʣǰ
׿ȴ˲һ˾ҩҺƿһ˿ܻʶҩȴȻ´󺧡
ʦ

³һ綾ҩϣոһȷΪѵĲ裬׿Ҳòȫעƣֱɺϵı
ܻԹɫСţǰҲ׿ڽҪͷҴţڼɫɣ̲סʵδʦ֪ոʲôطȻ˾춯أ
ǺǺǡ˵ֻһС󷨰ˡ
׿Цһת׿ҩķƺ˵ƺҩƣ߽׵ҩﵽƷͱҪ鵤ԡѪеԸ赤ҩһַȴ̫ƴˡÿʦôÿһεҪһʵΪǣ
Ƥض˶ҩܹСӾڱؽѵһѵһ㣬°ŭ
׿˻ȴȷǽҪһϸµĻҩҲƴ
ôδʦҲڸ𣿡˿еǾСŲ࣬ʵ
΢΢ͷ׿һŵĻȣ鱾ǽԸ赤ҩ֮УԵԴ֮һȴȫʵɽز񷶼ԡе壬Ҳ۾ǧֳĶѡֻҪܽɸ顣
ĪǡոյĻɫɽص壿
ûΧĴ棬ֻʱ䲻ãûпǰˡ߼ҵڣѡַ֮ܽءĵط࣬һҲѡ
Цһ׿һָǰǸ󷨵ΪһңɸֵϹʧҽĴ󣬾Ϲ󷨻ܽΧΪ顣Ȼ壬ҲǿһƣԲЩǧֳ
һٴδ󾪡Щʦ׿Ŀ⣬ǳ˳羴֮ɫ
ⵤ֮ǼϹŵ伮УҲδδ˵û뵽λδʦ˽͸ѧʶԨһ
ټǰչֵĸ˵ˣ½ϹҲûϳ˰ɡ
һʦʰ
һ㣬ҩͬһ˿ϣѾܸΪ׿һأƵĵҩϣлʤĿܡ
ƺ룬׿Цһһٴδӡ
ʱ䣬һŭ𣬾βݺݵ˦ȥ
䣡
һ챬죬β˦һ𣬵ʱֱϿΪһںһ
һ̣Ǿŵ죬ǻ֮͵شܳСֻСϵѪȴѾͬһɫɫϪ
̲ͫסǷ֣һɲǣ׿ǽǾҩҺ˳Ϊһ塣
Ȼ˲
˹ؼʱ̣ƿĹ򣬾ȻһδεضգۼɡⲻЩʦǣֹסغݳ顣
δʦ֮ϣҲܳôɡ
˼ѵĲ裬ÿζôǺݴ𣿾Ǹӣͣһ룬òã
ڶʦпɬֶʡ

һ޺𣬽ţǾβĻ͵ٴȥһΣȴͷǰ
䣡
ǰһ㣬ֻͷײһ˲ûڻȫʧˡһ̣֮ٴδܳС
ǰСһ㣬֮ѾȫõɫҩҺ
֮ʱʮСڣ˿ĿϾӡ
ǺǺǡβˣ
۾У׿һйâһһСƿȻУƿһɼΪŨϢ̼ȫ
Һ
ֹͫסһһЩмʶʦ׿߿־ɡ
ǶףҺǻ¥¥֮ôλδʦѵ˵ǻ¥ġ
뵽ƺʲôҲͬ棬¥ҵδʦʦģ
һֱǺݺݴҩٸⰡ
ңĸҲҪˣҩҲͷˡһ仯Ƿ
ǶҩǸṩҩġǵһǻһ
һ̣˷·ᵽһ˿ζ
⻨¥ٰΰٵʢᣬҩʾҪҩˡ
֪ǰһ̣¥㱻ҩһ˱ƵҪ׿Ҳǻ¥Ըҩ֡
һʱһʱ˶뵽飬ǻ¥벻
˴˶һۣĵ¥໨¥ղ¶ĪЦݡһȻ׿ģ׿Ҳǻ¥Ů
׿򣬶ҩȷһ壡
ͬ˼°ϲײǼ˸ˣ
׿ȴûôֻ°ˡ


154 Խ
鳾Һ鵤
һȣ׿͵һ̧֣ʮ˵ҺʱСʮСҲͬҰèᵽȰ㣬׷ҺȥһҺС

һ춯صʮС׷˻һ׿ʼȫ׽ʧΪһɫĻ
ţɢȥ¶ɢɫ衣ֹסɢȫ£ֻŵǹһӡ
⡭⾿ǼƷ鵤Ч¾棬ſзʮ˿ŵ衣
Щ裬·δȫȥԣһɷ˻һڿ衣
Ȼʮ˿ŵҲѾԡ˸ӾǣҩƴƴһŶѣ׿һ֣˲ʮ˿š
˵ȹڳ˶Ī⾿ϳԽ˶ҩٱֳ˴Ĳࡣ
ʱ˿̣ҲҪʲôȻˣһ׿ʤұǰ˵һʤĸףֱѹʤ
ӽָóһƿ׿һУ㽫ʮ˿ŵҩٻءûٸСſһۣ׿أԽЩ˴ƿС
СŲЩ֣æδʦƵĵҩ
Ҫˡ׿նҡҡͷתȻһ𾪣ȻˤڵصĶҩ૵Ӯˣ
ţôš
ǿ׿ǵȻɫ赭дĻĪһɾηСʱ˿׿񣬷·ڿΨһߡ
˭İȻȻ¶ˣ̲סһĤݸС
ӵڶ˭ҵһ
׿ֻôվǿʦҲɸеԼһС
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ͫ͵һ׿˲һѾûбҪħʣ׿


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һ̣ը죬һһΣոжȻ
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ݣ
һ׹ջһʺѪɫɲǼ䣬ƵĶͷǲ˲亹
ΣռΪУһԴ¾Ҫᴩˡ

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һõһǽײһ׶ߵĴ󶴡
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Сӣ˱ã۾΢΢һУƵɱһš
νʼ磬׿ЦԣȻӸãͲ˵ǣ
ݣ
ʱƿ죬ڤ峤ϵʱֵ׿ǰʮԶλãһ˫ݺݵصȥСӣɱߵ׿ϣڤпǺܶ˼㱳Ƕ
˵Ҫ𣿺ٺٺ١˵ˣ⣬˭˹أҶϵĶ
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Ҫиһɱˣǿ޶ûطȥ
лЩϧóԽһ죬δʦȻǶħ׿ϧһʦˡ
߼ΧУȻ촦³
Ƕħ׿ǹ׿ӵó߼Χ޵أ



156 绢
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壬Ҫ𣿡ǽؿš
ֻһֻۣͣǷ棬ȴĬƺڿǣⲻó¸


157 ƻƺ
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УҲֵֻٶܹסСˡ
ĵҵĴûˣƨߵߵȥħһţ߻ˡ
֪һţԼ߿˹Źصͨ
ֳϣɵúãӼһƼɵ׿ǹֻܸϣȸһ档
ȫ׶ӵ˼峤ϲɴЦһҫСǼֵĺܣû뵽һǿ⣬˹ֳڳ˭
ԣһǵɫԴȴαҡҡȥװǫģ
ĵ¥Ҫȥݺƨɡ
ϼһﲻǻ¥ҲˣھȻǰ˵ǻ¥Ůûĵģǰ׸ˡ
׿ǲмƲƲ죬һ׳գȴǸû
ֵĹͼʶ廨ͷпãȻǸͽƫˣʦΣ
ɹٶ죬ǿëã
׿Цһһɨƺڤ峤ϴȴѹûλֳϷ
˳ӣλֳϵ̲סһ飬ľܵĪĴ
ӣ峤ϣס֣ϷԸСӣ
ͻȻ첻֪ĸˣг׿һ㶣ֵؿһۣǽͷݻֵͦİ
֪ɱĹֽɫѾһĹһĴƤҲս
ƺڤ峤ϣҲһϡؿ
ϼһûհɣħ׿ϷԸҪСĽ㾹Ȼ˵һ˾ܶԸ
ģ˭䣬㻹浱Լ̲ˡ


158 ѵ
߸ߵͦţеʱ˿̣˵Ŀⶼ۵ϣһԺ
֪ǣǵĿȫǺɡ
峤ϣȻֳԸͷǲͳ飬պ𡣡۾΢΢һУƲ֪뵽ʲôĴӦĴԲѣ峤ϵ
첻һϲ֣ǫѷңңϷӦġΪӳʵ֮Ļͼ𣿡
ܹƿϣ˵λӶӣҲֱ˵ȣ첻һϲ
Ƕӡ峤һԳӶ֮ɫǵƵɫʱȴ˲붮ˡ
죬ͷȥ׿ĽʲôֶΡ
ٳǹҲи׼
һЦ峤Ҳķ֣ر˱ȭЦֳϣǾˡ
峤Ͽˡ
ϵЦݸӲã·ǰβͻȻܵһȺĤһ㡣ֻ׿ЦһмƲƲ졣
һֻС󣬱˵ǹʹ֪ǰ׳һ
ּһֱ˷ʱ䡣
ţ׿ҲǷϻǵעڷɢʱ͵һ̤ȻȥһͬѼ⵶һ㣬ʱ׼ͻơ
εͻƷϷǽڡ
λȶǲˣһʱҲ׷ôʱÿ⻨ãա
ȵ棬ǿɣƾԾͬٶȣһϣҲ
ֹͫסһƲɴг⣬СҪܣ
ͬʱ°ޣ׿ʵ̫ƻˣһ񣬾ͻᱻƤӵǷʤ
龳峤׷ǰʱǽϿ˸ӣȥ硣ǹؼ䣬ҪΧסϼˡ
ƣڤȵ壬ɽˮ꣬ڡ׿Цһơ
ƺ峤ҧҧ˫ȭ߬ȴûж
Ϊ֪ڶѾˡ
ǣ׿仰УȴȻû֡
ӣӣ
ɫСӾܣҲûֵĳϷʵд
ݣ
ͻȻӰ˲ʧĻƺڤ峤ϣȫûзӦ
ٴγʱ׿󣬵סȥĵ·
ÿ죡
ͫ΢΢һ׿ɵһȻǿߣٶȿѾ硣
ǿֵĳϣǡ
²ЦһѾٶȿʲôãΪһƤǰ͸һŰֽûʲô
һ֣׿һĻȣٶ˿ֱȥȫλֳϵ˿һ㡣
ⲻŭϼŭ
СӣΪĿ۵ģ·Ǳŭ˵ʨӣеķ˷ŭһ׿ֱ
׿ȻֻЦһȴ˿ںֻѼ⵶ֱȥ
һ̣е˷·ѾԤ⵽˽
׿˵Ƕ͹Ǿߣһʵȴڤ峤ϣصߵɱĹһĴƤ
ֲ֣෴ĹһͬǴƤȻҲҸǹ潻棿ʵ
峤ϣϣ۾У
һ㶣ڤ峤ϲӣȥˣҲȲˡ
ǸƤô֣ҲһЩСӵٶȣøϣ
䣬Ʊ͵ǰȥ峤һӦҲǴЦǰȥ
оһ׿ƺѲ³Ǵ㣬ǲһĻȡ
ৣ
׿Ҫ콻ʱȴһٻӰ˲ʧӰٴγʱƹ죬ܵ
ʲô
һ峤ͬʱͣΣʵҧҧǴ׿ŵشЦ㵱Һֵһ׳𣬻Ƥҵٶȣ̣̫ˣ
ȻСӷˣüͷ壬˫ȭ˽
ŵˣʱŷ·Ȼԭã׷׿ǹԼٶȣûƶ˸
ȻⲢԸֻǱƸ˶ѡ
õ֮Ȼļ׿ȴܹһۿǸࡣ
ȻһһĽɱս˫Ӷǡ棬һˣܱ
˴˶һۣŵһ꣬׿塣ǻվ׿λã׷죬ƾͻ˻Ƶļˡ
ڿΧ׷ʽȻ⿪׿Ӧÿ԰Ȼˡ
Ȼһٴ׿һȭŭСӣƲˣ
ߣѾ겻ɢȻӳȫ㣡
бһۻƶ˵ķ򣬼ͣΣһʱ׷һЦһɱ⣬һֻʱȥ
龰Ʋɴڡ
˭֪Ȼ׷ȥˣ֪ǾͲͣΡʱ˿̣ٶҲˣֻܰװ׶һ
ǣǿȿƷħȴ˿壬ЦСӣ֪ʲôǿĹҲڰ״𣿡
׿һ㶣ʲô˼һ̣ݵһȴǰ״ʧˣҲֻǴһʧǰµĲӰѡ
ôܣ
ͫһ׿´󾪡ٿٶȣҲҪŲתƵĿռ٣ûп˽´ﵽ˷˼ٶȡٻӰһֱӿռ˲ơ
ǣȴûиоռ䲨ĲôֻܱǶ̾ٷе
ֻٶȣȴʵ̫죬ƶٶȶ
ھ֮ʱӰٴγ֣¶һ˿Цݣһȭؿڴȥʱջأ׿ֱֻ̧һ
ߣֵٶٿ죬ҲһĴڡ֪ʲôСȭͷһȭûá󺺵һȭ̵𣿡
ٺٺ١˵ˮʯô
һЦ׿Ĳмиŭһȭݡ׿ȴ⣬˵ģСȭͷֵԪһ£˲
Ȼһ׿ȴһ£žǱĴƤһȭ˳ȥײһʯϣʱʯײ÷飬ԼҲ˽ȥ
ɵһƺǸոʶλֳϰ㣬֮ɫȻһȭ׿ɣУҲʵڿ˵Ǿˡ
Ǽֱţһǿǽͷ죬Ȼʵ
ǻƸڤ峤ϣҲǾǳضһۣн𾪡
¡
׿ӷվ𣬲ûʲôƣֵֻֻı۰ȴȻ
̧׿ķ׿񽥽̫Сˣֳϣ
ߣ֪ͺãǿܾ߼֮УҲƾʵģ컺ȭͷе֮ɫ
һʱ䣬ǿ񣬾ЩоӰƺûΰ
֮£ȴ͵͵ؽֱ˺棬ꡣ
ֻ֣ʱһƬ


159 
ģСӵôӲ̶ֳȣ⻹𣿴һȭӵֶˣ
˫ֱʮȣһһ㡣
˼ˣƽʱ˱ӹˣò¶һúװһαƣܹ뵽ڵˮǲƵĻ¾ͱ˿ˣǸûӡ
Ҫ̣̲ס
֣ʵ̫ˡ
벻ֳʵʵӴ۽磬һЦдϲ
ԭǶս׿ʵռϷ磬׿ǹȴ׽͸ٶȵѹϧλֳǸƤ׾͹ҵˣס
ڲһˣֳϾȻҲ׿һսʵô˺׿ذܡ
뵽ֳϣոѾչʾʵδ֦ǻǾСΪϣ
ûֳһ˶ֿºʱ̫ãҺͶһ㣡
ȫ˻Ƶ˼ڤ峤ϸæȰ˵ϻһϵӡΣɲװġ
ԭǿп޵ĴڣôھǶԸ׿ȱٵݡֻٶȣҪʵҲõ˶˵Ͽɡ
ижϡﻩģ컹δܵôߵľغһ֣࣬صرȭİɣӣ峤ϡϷڣܲˣ
һ㣬Ȼţ
һЦɱһת׿׿ķ¶һ˿̵Цݡ
׿۾һУͷһ¶ǰδеء
֣ܹӦôһͻȻܴ죬֮Ҫ
һ㣬жԲߣҲððʧʧش޵֮СǸ취ǲͷԲõģ̫ðˡ
ôֻֻܷǵ֡ڴ˭ʼߺߣǻ˵ô
ǹһаĻȣ׿죬һԴֳϣոǿۣû뵽ҲǸ֣ڻƺ峤֮°
ڲ֪ˣ
ЦһƺһԹȫг졣׿ȻǸС۹ѾպաɱĹǸͷһ۵
ܱ׿ϿɣҲей⡣
Ϳ׼ٵ׿ֳҲܹҰɣҶԣֵʵڲôҲôá
ƨǿֵôôˣȻ׿û˵꣬Ȼܻشϵ
Ϲˣ׿аһЦֵҲᣬѵûǶθҥ
ʲôҥ
֣ǽͷݡһߵ쵹ʯȹ쵹ڴԡ֪羢ͣȳҪ
θҥȻ׿ʱдģȴȫ⼸ڻ¥ļżģȻӳķ¡
׿Լò̾Ĳô˵ãʵӦȥ״Ԫ
ȴȻͨ죬ת׿ˣȴ峤ϺͻҲǸɿһĬ
ǺȻҲڰ͵Ц
ڴڵش˼ڴһƨ˭ҥҪ˺
ҥֳϿǽϿӾͲˡοĴȣ˵ܰˣ׿Цһ˵Żؿ¥̨λá
׿ĵ¥ɴߣݺݵһۡ
üͷһ壬ֵĵʦ㣬ǡ
¥СӺ˵ʱΪ˻¥ȷϣǾûʲôˡʲôϿ֮˵׵ġĵ¥æͣԽԽڣΧ˵ȶ
ͬģƺ峤ϿҲǳ˲֪νЦ⡣
ƺгЦ
ΪˣŮ˲ûʲôҡҰڵ̬ȣȴΪݡǵţҳϡ
һһף䶯һ촽ȴǲ֪οڲźá
ҩǳ˻ţҲǲɵЦ׿ʱͬɤ￨ֻӬ㣬²ʲ£ѵ龳
翴ǰһ̵ԼοЦСӶ죬Ű
СӣϷղʬΣϷͲ֣
ڣŭɶԵĻƺ峤϶ˣ͵һ̤棬׿ȥ׿Ҳͫһ¶˾֮ɫֻǰһ
ݣ
ֻգ۹ʧӰٴγʱ׿ǰûа취׿ֻ̧һ
ǺǰһĻٴη׿һ߷˳ȥٴײһʯ
׿ӷվ첻κδϢĻᣬٴ׿ֱȻףɺݺһҧֻǰȥ
ûõģ죬ȴ첻ٶȡ
׿һδαŭ߷ɳȥײʯȻ첻ߣһԸ׿˺ޣǼܲסƵĹ
ֻ߰˸غ׿ȻǴˣȻҲ½̲ס
Ȼ߰˴Σ׿Ҳˡǽղ֮Ҳסһ˸ܶȵƵ
ˮʯ
κǿӲֻҪϵظҲб򻵵һ졣
׿Ľ顣ǣѾˣеļᶨȴȻɢ
ƺڤ峤ϼˣɴЦ£ǳ֣׿ȻҪˡ
Ҳû뵽ϼһȻˣͷֵĶħ׿Ȼ˿޻֮
һｵһﰡ
дЦߺһֳϣһñ
ǿɫФ׿˱ŰҪ޳ˡŵɫأв˽׼ʱ֡
ֻжҩüͷšһ񣬿׿ķȴǳɻ󣺡ԾԾǣʲôԾأ
ʦ˵ʲôϸҩߣֵؿ˳ķȥɴЦʦ˵СӰٺٺ١ϾҪֳϴˣҲΪʦһڶСӸոôקǹֵȥˣ
û
Ȼҩһ૵ѹϷһֱﲻԾԭˣСӵ粻ˡ
ϸһ㶣֣ʦʲôԾġСӱ⸱Ļʲôԣ
㶮ƨ
ɴһҩһصʨӾˣȻʨӡ߾ڣҲȻߡǹµƣԶʧ
ڣʧˡʧһȵʱһһжȥֵ
ͫ͵һҩٿ׿һ·߷ɵķأȻȻһгֳϣСģСӵĿͽʣ


160 ɱ
û
˶ûע⵽ֻǿ׿һδεرɣȴûɵķһŶ̨ȥ
ʱ˿̨̣ϵĸֶѵϣֻһ˻Ǿͽܣ
ڿԼʦ֣ݺݽѵһڴ֮ͥºŰɨصСӡҩĺȴǲסˡ
⡭ôֳͷˣ
ҲǲͣΣ
ʱ׿ȴЦһһ˫˫Уɱһţߣǲ̫ˣ
䣬׿͵һ̤棬һöڵķȥȫɱεɢ
Ҳ׾룬˽ľ£ֵٶת˲췢֣ҲԮ
죬ոߵúܹɡӾıͽܣʲôζ
Ȼ󾪣ڲŷϵˡǾôϵĵ̻һʱ벻
Ҳ˲ôˣۿԼͽܾҪ⵽׿Ķ֣첻һ˲׿һȭŭ׿ֳӵͽܣ
ৣ
ʱ䣬ǰ׿˲ʧӰţ۵һ췢Ӳ˶ŭɫأȻϡ
ͷ¿ȥֻһִֻؿڹᴩֻϣץһֻࡣ
ԸǺǺǡ
һаЦǰоȫԽԽ䡣֪ڼʧ
лǳ˲⣬ѵתͶȥǸħ΢Ц꣬㡭ô׷ҵٶȡ
ѵĺͽû߹㣬˵һ仰Ȼ֪ĿٿٶҲûã
䣬׿һֻȻΪһƬѪˮɽķʬ壬ͨһֱֱص˹ϯϣֻ۾ɵͭĿ
ˣɾһŵһԣٿǰ׿һۡ
ɱʦ˶ҿûϢƲƲ죬׿Цһתȥ
ӭģڳ˾ֵ
ֵĳ죬׿һоɱⲻֲġֲģ׿ɫ·ɱһǿߣһֻûʲô
˳ᢵ񣬷·ϵһ㣬ֵҲԼκʱȡߡ
ħ
ʱ˿̣Ƕ׿ţӡˡ
¥Ҿ˵СӸ˽⡣˰ɣħлһأȻǵڶμ׿ɱˣȻĪ
׿ɱ¾ƺͨɱ¾߰ūһ㣬ֻӦȡ߰ˡ
ֱĸоÿμ׿֣¶ֹסزͬ˼Ҳڳ˵С
СӣɱǶҩ¶ˣĵ¥໨¥ͳһۣ촽Ȼֹסضѹ֡ѹڤȣڤ׷ɱҸоֻڤ׷ɱĿ£
ǣҲúúÿһ£ǲĺùˣ໨¥һЩǵص
ǳһ֮ɫܿᶨǣǻ¥ģħ𣿡
ԣǽ㣬ٶҲǶԸǵĵˣû˺ǣǧıⰡʱФæ
Ƕ׿أҪ׷һˡ׿˵ƷҪҪƷʲô
Ф߾ȫر֤׿ڳеĵλĻƷûˣƷ׿͸Ҫˡ
ʱ޶
ĵ¥໨¥ѾҲ̾һȰˡǶ֪׿ˣƽ֮ա
ϣ˿ڵϵʬ壬ֿ˿׿ǵһĨЦݣҩɳ³һ̾Ϸ´ˣԭĿ겻𣬶챾ˡ
ҴʼվֻҪϼһһ˵ˡͽܣһҪüͷһ׿ЦңҾʡܻɵƺͶӻСӵҲص𣿡
ǺǺǡûڣһУȷ̫ҪϷУҩЦһҡͷһֱƶİɡ
ǣ
΢΢˰ͷ׿һЦʵǸ׳գһֱΪ𹥻ʵϣÿһεĹ·ߣıõġֻҪ༸·߷£ֻܴѡ·߹ˡһ·ߵķҲôˡ
յСӣ
ɺݺҧҧư𣺡ϧʱûĹƣȻҺ峤һ֣Ҳݲ׺ֳϵ
ƣҲ̫߿Լˡ뿴ӵļıé®ͷСӣΪ˼֮Ϳⴧˣߣ㻹Զء
ɴЦһ׿¶һ֮ɫĹڴˣӻҸıϱȸߵ͡Ǽ䣡
˫ȭ˽ŭõŶӣδС˻ͬˣȻҽСӡ
ͺñһؤʵͷһʵ̣Ͳǻʵˡ
ͬģạ̊́ͲǵŵĹˡ
ƺķŭ׿ϼЦƣܲǲǣǺãҾʹͷ֤Ѿûе֮ţͱ֮ˡ
ԭ֣ƾڵʵûʤ㡣ұҪһˣǾ̲ߣֺôϲ죬ֳˡ
׿Ҫμɱ죬˲ɷ׷׿ȥк޵Ҳ
ȣҪʶ֮ţ֮챾٣Ҿƫƫڣŭʱ㲻ʱƽϢŭ𣬷ЦŭϼŭƲŭһ壬ҵĹʧ
ԣ뿴ƣոյ龰Ȼ׿թƵȷûʲô֮޵緶
˵ˣǲʺһͷߡ
Ʋ˵仯׿ʱǺ޵ҧ
׿ȴ⣬ţƿش֣һԴΪءܿٶȵģֻһˡȴôƵзԽսԽԶȫƿطΧ֮ڡߣҲˣ⻹Ĺʧ
ˣɱ죬ȴȫҵͷϣߣ˽˵թȻˣҲȥɴȳ
΢΢һЦ׿ĵؿһۣ֮ǵΪ֮סж֮ˣûʸΪѡ䱻˸棡
һһݡȾ׿ΪӪ㾫ܡͬʱƵҲˣûǰôˡ
ԭǾǵŶӣϽе֮š
ھ׿ôһ˵ŷϣҲûʲôǰ;ڤ峤ϣֻҲתƺ˱˼
䣬䣡
׿ȴøأΪ飬ΡǰǶԻհһΪ׼Ȼ͸޷졣
ڣ׿Σһӵͷϣ˵쵼ŲţȴϽһ롣
һ£ûиֵεͷָӣƺ峤֣Ҳһ롣
׿һУ·һоУ¶˿˿аЦ


161 Ѫ
üͷ̲ס壬ƺҲоΧ˶ľ½Ҳ̲סŭ졣
꣬СӴսһ֡ȻͽЩ϶ĶҡˡУϽҪô˵ȥӵδ棬źڣ
ţȫȻȻͻϮ׼Ȼ׼СӵĹǾ䲻һ£
Ȼ֣ݵһ׿Ӱ˲ʧһǽڳȥִʼʩû롣
走СҪˣ
ƲܻشһȴͻȻһգݺһȭ޻һ
ҪͻϮȫƱոս£Իˣ׿ȴȻȶˣʹ׷һġ
治ףС׳ôôʲô·СӶ֪һһ
֪׿ħͷѿ͸ƨһ֪Ҫʲôʺ
ڤ峤ϣжԻƵŷ½ڻƴ󺰳ʱҲɵ㶣Ӧ˰ġ
ģʹӦʱ׿Ȼǽǰ
Ȼ󾪣ǰ׷ȥ׿ЦһмƲƲ죺̫ˣƾǶˣѾסˡ
䣬׿ֻ˲仯ΪױޣǽϺݺһá
¡УǽϺȻһ׶ߵĴ󶴣۵Ӷ롣ʵĿֹסһ
׿΢̤͵سƿաһֻСڵüա
峤ϿһУк޵ҧȻԭ׿ǰһλǵǣг
Ļȫעضô׾ʹ治͸Ļܵ
Сӵļթֱʤ߰
峤а̾ɱȴ׿ԽǱֵ˫ȫɱ׿֮ľԽǿҡ
СֻǶ͹ǾȻǿ˵زҪǵͻ˭Ƶס
ͬ˼Ҳڻлơ
ˣձس
˱˴˶һۣнǼᶨ̤˲䴩Ǹ󶴣׷˳ȥҩһҲϸ˳ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ֻʣŵ˻¥̨ϡ
вһ꣬໨¥ˣϽǾɫħ׿ǽթ쳣˾֮ˣȻҲŪڹ֮䡣ѹϹĹߣ
٣ǵȻ
ЦһлҡҡͷСӹթ䣬ûʵذܣʵûӣҲֲô¼䣬µĶ֡
ҷ˫ȫФذͷǵɫ
ǲݸ˫Ŀ֮УҲ˿˿Ժ
󣬻࿴˿ͬص˵ͷ׿ţ½ټʲô˫ȫݵ˵ģ˫
ţſˣҲȥɣȻСӵ棬ܵĻ󣬵ΪһԱҲðһ¡
ͷȫһ̤Ƕڷȥ
ȻʱһҵľȴͻȻң
ʦʬ壬ŵ˫ȷáʱǵҲҪ׷ȥΪҪͬԸ׿ɼ֡
ͬһس˹
ʦһСҲʹʼûıͦ׿ı׿ġΪ¥һ˵ȣǱ׿װƭ˵ġ
ǼææФǰ˳λǰʩһµʦѾǶħɱˡ֮ǰһ飬¥ҿֳͨ飬λǰΪֹɱǶħΪʦ𣡡
ŵһ㶣˴˶һۣЩؿ
ʲôʦʲôͽܡСӹȻʦһٶۣѾûոһֱڱվôǲ¡
Ѿȥģûɫ
˲Ϊһ㶣˼Щ˿϶η׿ĿֲԼʵϲ¡
Ȼˣ֮鲻ãǾ֮
ɫһ࣬Ƕħ׿Ű裬ɱʦɱǡӺ峤⣬δˣպ߼Ҵ󻼡߼֦ͬΪλԼ룬λǰҲһЭӣ˶ħ͵£
˵ǴȻȴüͷһֹסشЦ
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˵ˣ߼ʲôʱ֦ͬǰһ̣ҩѻ¥ˣ
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ţҾСҲͽɡԺ󡭡ùлЦҡͷ뿪
Щã֪λǺ˼
Фȴ֮ζù޹һͨ졣
˶ֿ꣬Ф̫ԶȥšһҪ˵ʦǣΪʦ𰡣
ҪԼȥˣʲôˣФݵһۣһŰ߿ˣظ˵Ĳ
ͲˣͬˣһӢţΪСһǷϣڳǰҴһº˱𣬲ôôأ
Ƚ֮£׿İǿҡ
һ棬ڵϣһί֮ɫұ˱ôˣǸʦ򲻹ôͲˡ
⣬ؾˣ±׿ͻƵ˵սǣӳĸҴһʦ
ǣǳȴɾþòɢȥֻ˫ۣǻõķ
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䣡
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ţǱõһǽϿһ˶Ķڣһ˫ӰȻǶڷɳϡ
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Ǿʱƿ𣬻ƺڤ峤Ⱥɳֱ׷ȥգۼ䣬׿ǰ
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ǣ˹Ŀռڣ׿ӹ죬ֻǽ̤һ⴩
ƺ峤ϵķܲ͸磬Ȼס׿ǽýˡ
һʱ䣬֮ϣӰأӰ˴˽ȴûκν
ϵѿˣٶȣȻ˲δ֣Ѿܵеļҳ̶ȡ
׿תŲڣǴʧɫ
侹˹ֶκβãѹִжħ֮ˡҲֻжħаӰɡ
ݣ
ͻȻ׿͵һ̤գ˲˶˵İΧ£ֱƿաƶˣȴȻҲˡ
Ƕߣû似׿ƴٶȣĵ
ƣǺˣɴЦһ׿š
ƺ峤ϲҧҧϽǲʡ
ȻʱһϵȴͻȻ𣺡ˣ㽫Ϸ𣿡
䣬׿ûӦͻȻһռȴȻʱǱһöڵ˰㣬͵ر˵ϣҳһʮ׼Ĵ󶴡
Ͽգʮֻһ׶ߵĳɫһ˫̶СУžâ
׿ȥɵصһ̲סгޣѪ𣡡


162 
Ѫ¼еޡ
޴ǿΪʳֶΣȼԽߵģԽǿᡣȴǸ࣬һ޵ǿ󣬶Ҳûзצ
ȴԴһǿ츳𲨣ֱͨ򵱼ѣɢ
Ȼȥҧ϶ԷѪ֮УѪ𣬺ܴӳġ
ʮֻѪһ𣬾ļҲӡ
жǿʲô츳ܡֻҪԪֵסͨͨҪСѪ֮¡
Ҳ˵׿ǰģļηĴڡ
ӵĿӶվ׿׿һۿеʮֻѪ̲סתٿһ֮ԭ˾Ƕҩ
ʱ˿̣һ«׿ķЦ
ԭˣıֶΣ
׿۾һУȻص˵ͷ
«ҲͷЯ֮ԭǸܴŻĿռ
໨¥ʱԳǡŵһڸ֣Ȼη壬«еѪɡ
Һõû֣ȻʮֻѪһųǵҲˡ
ͷȻˢӡĿѪ˥֮£Ȼܵġ
׿°һһ⡣
ŵ˸󣬿׿վһѷ֮ϣȻУҲǲɫ䣬гѪ𡭡ʮֻ
˴˶һۣɫ˲
ԭΪ׿磬кܴˣû뵽ȻЯʮֻѪɾȫ൱ڣ׿Ǳֺһֻ߽׵ļΧס˰
龳˵һĶ͹ǾҲˡ
һʱ䣬ǵĲֽ
ϾϣҪ˼ҳ֣ܰСס
һЦƻ䵽ߣת׿˰ͷ¶һ˿аЦСӣڻĶܣ
ڤ峤Ҳ䵽һԣһ֮ɫ
̾ҩ׿Ͼ¶ϧ֮ɫ̾ΡŶ׿ʦµ֮ϷֻϧҵжԣϷҲòˡ
ԣ׿ĴЩͬʶ׿ʦǣһҴҲһϧҡҡͷ
ڤȵĶħ׿ȻδʦͬһˣĪı
ΪУҪ촦֮أΪһʦȴϧ
ʱ˿̣ҲֻһصضӰһˡ
Ȼ׿ȴǲмƲƲ죬ЦǺǺǡϳϣδ̫߿ʮֻˡǺʵȷļޣϾǲһ壡
䣬׿˲ʧӰзȥ
ʮֻѪ³΢һſڡΧռһ󲨶˵һһʵʵ˱˲׿ȥ
˫һ׿΢̤ǵ棬ûзκ졣һʯȴأȻΪ촷ۡ
ֹͫסһ̾Ѫʵǿ̶ֳȡǶ͹ǾֱУҲǱɡ
׿ȴǿݵٶȣһشƬҶմϾҪʮֻѪĹΧ
ˣ׿ƻȻ׼ʮֻѪ˴˼Э룬Ŀ϶Ҫȥ峤ϣһȥס
ƲһгǶҩȴǰ˰֣ĪҪǳȥЩѪͻˣҡϷ֣ܲˡ
˵ţҩ򿪺«ӡһ
ʱ䣬«֮֮ϣһֻֻʮֻһѪ½½ط˸߿գ׿ϾҪͻƵĿյΧһǽ
ˣ
һǰǿʮ𶯷׿ϱҪƿգȴǺһԴһը죬űһʯһˤ䵽˵ϣҳһΧĹľ޶
ѵϿʱȴͫһ̲סصһ
ʱ˿̣۹֮ƿ֮УѪ𡣴Ź㣬һٶֻ
Ҫ֪ʮֻѪ֣ȻܹɱһͷļˡһٶֻѪ𣬱˵ļ弶޼ˣҲҪ촦
ڳˣҲǰľ󾪴ˣǣҲؿһУºȻ
ݣ˵׿ǿˣҲüβܡ
ģϼһ㵽ôѪʮϡаŲɵ࣬иһһ£СӣҲ޻֮ˡ
˵ʲôФһŵ˵ҷûӳȥĿˣ
صص˵ͷŰ̾һǰһָ
Ȼ׿µһ̣ҩӡϰֻѪΧһȦΧ棬޿϶ԡ
ֻҪ죬ֻѪһ𹥻ϾͰ
ʱƺֱˡֻһΣЩѪɵΧǻãȴǸСˡ

׿üͷݺݵһҧ͵ٴճȥ
ˣ
Ǵһ£׿ĽŸû̧Ǻһѹڵأ˫ϥ̲סعиǲԾ³һѪʯȴɲǼ仯Ϊ˷顣
ϰѪȻǿˣСӵȻҲ̼ˣСˡƴЦһҩһĿ࿴ӵϣ벻㻹˱ñӴ۽簡
ĪҪȡЦϰѪҩǧռֻϷҩЩͣŵõͷġ
ҩ΢΢Цҡҡͷſ׿Щ̣̾ӣ׿ôһʦ⣬Ҳȫʬɡ
ߣҪƤǣ飬Ǿɵˡƻӻ֣дá
΢һͷҩӡһϰֻѪſڡ
ʱ䣬ϰٵ𶯶Ȼ׿һ˳ȥ

һŭ׿оԼӶ챻ըˣͬʶҲԽԽģףԪڱݲ¡
ԪֻҪǿ٣ֻһɲǵĹԪɢ
ģһֶûãȴûˡҪ֪ˣˣ˵ǱͦȥҪǻûɱȺ쵰
׿£ȻͷʹѣȻҧأšǿͷǱ¶ͫвѪ˿Ǳܿжôʹࡣ
ߣСǸһһӾ˰ɣȻ̵ڡ峤ϲһ档
ȴǴЦ֮ɫǹΣֻһ˶ʹѣܿͻԪɢҲã˿ǵŵ³

׿˻ϵһͷڱƤ޳Ұޡץŵʯѱ˷ĩ
ҩûбĿУֻ޾źƽصĶ֣ȻҪҵȥʵϧ
ЩʦǼˣҲ̾в̡û취˭ء
Ф棬ǣе˼ԡǽҧ촽ǰһϱҪ֣ȴһסˡ
ֻѪ£ǳ֣ҲȲװǵˣûˡŲ̾˿׿ķα˫ۣ˼ţˡ
׿ͬˣ׿ңǱҲҽˡ׿ҪһֽԼҲûκˡ
ֵܣָĺݡŸúչļ壬ǲԼˣⶼǼ氡
а̾Ѳʵصͷ
׿Ȼ췦


163 Ҫɱ

ͻȻ׿Ĳҽֹͣˡһֹסض˶ǳǣΪ׿Ȼ᲻ɵ
Ȼת׿ȥʱȴǺȻ֣׿ϢڣĶͷ룬һס
֮£׿ı齥ƽȻȻѹֱѲͷʹˡ
ǡлһɽгҼˣĹһսʱҲֹܱԪ񡣡
û׿Ԫ񲻶ϱݲʱҳһ飬Ȼ׸ճʱӣڱԪ񰡡
һΣԪҪݻʱ׾Զٴγˡ
׵ĳ֣׿ֹסһɣ³һȵĻԪʣ޸ǱĥԪ
׿ȻеԪһƺѾͻվĳ̶ȡ
ر˫Ŀ׿ŹصƣһУֻǾظ˿ȡҲԪͻվĴûᣬܴ
ǰڵЦĻƣ龰ȴǲסˣЩãؿҩϣô£СӺûɣ
ӦûҩҲһԺ૵
ôģôˣһüͷһһֵ
ҩηۣҡҡͷң˭ȥ
ϡ۾΢΢һУƺɵؿòǿţˮɡ
һŭҩݺݵصһۣӣԣҩһֱǵţйģҲΪǵֵô
ߣǾ˵ˡҩҪĵر˭֪ʱ֣ǻ᲻ύһЦмƲƲ졣
ҩһŭȴ˵˰ء
ͬʱ׿ǰԣȻǼƣʵƹȻû֮ǵ֮š
ʱڤ峤ǰűѪΧ׿һصӣСһ뵽ʲô취ֵѪôȥʱ䡣
ôüͷһͬд˵ǡ
һ峤һĨЦ֮⣬ֽСӡЩѪΧţǹʩչޣȫܹнս˵ˣӲԽͷ֮𣬺ٺٺ١
ãͰ峤˵İ졣۾һƵͷӦʣͬʱҩ󣬵ȴǾͣѪǽȥһҪע⣬Сˡ
ƺһҩŭȴòհ죬˭õźҩԼȣҪŵˡ
ӡһϰֻѪͬʱͣ׿ɽ˫ۣعڵأ·Ѿľ˰㣬ҲվˡͷףȻȼա
ôˣһг
ͣº׿Ӧ뷽ˣȻһ£Ȼǳ⡣ҪôѾȥҪôѸˡ
ڴʱ˿̶ǼΣյľء
ǲɿţɢ֮ɫ塭
һֻ۲ɵض˶һƬ֮ɫٵһȣ
ûҪСӻʲôıĻóȻ֣Ȳ״ļƻлһ
ԣ˵ͷ
׿һǽֵ·ҲˡҪǳ䲻⣬䲻ʱ򣬾͵ȦУʵһ׽͸ˡ
ǣͬҲġ
Ȼ׿Ǳ˫ֹۣ˭֪ʲôǰһΣͻȻҪ
ʱղŵ飬Ȼֹס亹ֱð׿ŲĲԽСĽ
ǸոյսЩʦ͸ҵĴΪǰѣûп
ʱ֣һҵȨһ͹Ǿ֣˻޷ıۣǾȻ˵ľ
ȴǣȫɵˣ
磬Ǽ˼ǲǿ߰ɣҪ׷ɱģô˶ҽӽء˵Ҳ̫ҵķݶ˰ɡ
Ҫǻܹڳ˵һʮֲ޵ػظ֣Ƕƨ
һԽǽӽ׿ԽǽţͷҲ΢΢˿˿ˮҪǸ׿潻棬ûô¡
׿ʱĹӣꡣ
ؼֱ׿ˣ
׿ǰûʲôӦ峤϶һۣ̽Եһȭ

Žһȭֱֱ׿ϣ˲佫˳ȥһ죬һҵķ˲䵮
һ㶣ôף׿ӦûӦɴϲСӣȻѾʧȥʶ
ûҲûзˡ
峤ϣǰ˵õģɱԴɱƴЦһ۷֡
峤΢΢ͷһЦȻ룡
Ƕ˲̧ͦͷҲûǰĽ̤Ƿ洦ȥ
ⲻڳ˿һǰŵսս֪˼ʧȥʶˣϵˣԵúɡ
⡭ⶼʲô˰
˿ˣһӡҵȨߣѰˡ
˷·ûʶɴЦǰȥ׼ժȡʤĹʵ
ǿô󼱣ʱٲ֣ʱˡ
׿˿ֻѪһֻתתݺһҧ硢໨ĵϷԸǰֻѪɱ١ǣȥСӡϣϣǻƻ飡
΢һͷᶨ֮ɫ
Ȼǳ֣¡һ죬׿ǴǷٴͷϵȻ˫֮ͫУһȴһţл
ո˭һȭվӱ֤㣡ŤŤӣ׿ǰˣ¶һаЦݡ
ɴʧɫ峤϶һۣŵǰֻѪ£Ȼû£
ǺǺǡһٶֻѪ룬ȷͦˣҲһôûС׿Цһ¶һصĻȡ
ԣڳΧ۵ȴѾˡֻѪһ뷢弶޶Եǿ߶Ҫ˱ܣСӾȻܰȻ
׿Ȼ鴫ǹﰡ
Χһ̾ҩҲؿ档ŵˣǳһǷ
Сӣ˵¡ÿÿܷ׻Ҳһ̾ҡҡͷǳȻüЩصǣΣûн
Ѿȫˡ
ͻȻлЦǿСڵѾˡֻ¶һΣɱĹߵǴΡĮţǡ
ԣ뿴ȥȻлԣ׿ȫµʷ·ȫı䣬һѾýʼ䣬һʣѡ
׿۵޾Įɱ⡣
ֻǿһۣЩ֣Ҳֹסش˸лʧЦһչһСӣҪŰˣ
Աߣƺ峤¶֮ɫǿͷЩѪ𣬷·˰ٱŰ㣬Ц׿·ˣԹɡ
ӣ
üͷһ׿ͬ˿ЩһۣЦǰѾ·ˡȻǲߣӾǵ⣬ɡ
ɱˣͫ͵һ׿ҧгݵ³֣ͬʱһɱⶸȻӶǰɨ
ʱ䣬ֻȫһ֮оɵһɾ⡣
ͫһ󾪣ôܡ


164 ʶ
Ԫѹƣ
Ԫǿ߿ֱԪѹԪߣ߸޷֮Ȼ׿ողûܹȫѹǣȴв˿־֮ġ
ⲻǴʧɫ
ǶȻǿߣΪպͻվҲԪǻƣҴĻʼ壬
Ƕ˵ԪǼΪǿģУҲٮٮߡ
ڣ׿ԪȻԽǶˣǴ˿־ѹôֻһֽͣСӵԪǿȣȻǿߡ
뵽иǴ󺧣˼ؽ׿ǹӡ
ΪֻǸ͹ǾȴֱԪֱͻվַ˼飬ܷ
ƺ룬׿΢΢һ֣Ц⻹ҪлǣҪܵ𲨵ĴݲУӻҲ˺õͻƽݾ
˵ţ׿ٴɫһţƶ˵ǻĳ֣͵ؽһ£һľ⣬ٴ
Ȼ
˲뺧Ȼ䣬Ѿȫ϶׿ȷͻվԪ񾳽磬ʱԪǿǿĿ¡ȻﲻɱˣҲˡ
ոһֱزΪͻơ

²һȣƿ峤һۣмᶨ֮ɫ峤Ҳȫ˼صص˵Դ
ǲɱԺɱ˵ͨ͸ԶԸˣ

Ԥ׵ģһ̤أڵһ׿ȥȫʢ˲۽ǰһȭ
ͬһʱ䣬ڤ峤ҲȻԴ
ʱ䣬׿ͷأȻһƬ˶Ӱס̩ɽѹֱֱѹ¡ǰǻưһȭ·ӵɽϺܡ
Զƴһ׿ȴԵ쳣ƽ˫֮ͫڣâһһ΢һƫͷһӿֱȭ
һ߻ǿȭʮӣȴֻ˿˿ңһͷû˵
Ŵ£׿һ̤δκ似ȴȻӰ֮⡣
һ죬һֱʮ׵ľ޴Ӷ׿ȴֻվڿӶأɣƺոһУԷˮ΢
ƶ˱˴˶һۣ¸ٴγǰȥȭ缲磬籩꣬ȭӰʹӰ׿棬ܲ͸硣
׿ȴȻڵҶҲٻӰƺֻŲŸͽй˹ȥ
һٶй׿ڷԲһװ뾶ŲδȦӣǻƶ˵Ĺȴ˼һ½Ƕûմϡ
龰Χ뾪г˹ĳ棬ǻû
Χһ͹Ǿߣһٶжû˼һëʵ̫ˡˮҲû׵顣
ǿףŵˡǾΪˣ¸ǺȻʹţþöϲ£
Ѿȫֻվǿ߲ģʶ
ֻҪʶ򸲸֮µķΧԷһһǶһ֪ҪֵĹ켣
һٶڣ׿㡣ֻԷжһ
СӡѾ̶ֳ̬ôǿǿߵͨһ͹Ǿ䶯һͣ˵ȥֻĵĿɬ
Ǳλϣ֪ж˿һӣǿܹͻվһǿߵǿȻҲ⡣
û뵽׿֮㣬ëͷСӣȵˣⲻﲻǸζ
Ȼ׿ֵܣⲻĽʺޣ˺˵Ĳ࣬ôôء
лҲ̾Цһս̬Сֽˡ治֪պǿֵزһûп׷
ǣûˡлЦ죬ʧҡҡԴ
˼ˣŵ˵ͷ
ս֮ϣ׿һԾսȦȻƽ硣ֻ˫֮ͫеâȴԵԽ䡣
ƺ峤ϴڴڵشŴиӺȻ龳ǴҲԭɣȴް취
׿ֻǶ͹ǾߣӵվǿߵʶȻҧ⬣޴¿ڵĸо
Сӣ𶯣浶ǹһѣ
֪ǲӸˣҲܻˣڤ峤ϲɶ׿ƿڴǻһڣȴеڡ
˼ֻǸ͹ǾֶԸ˼ңѾǲռˡ׼˼Ҷⲻ۸ô
ɴֽţǴˡ
ȻһΧ˷׷ͶмɫȻ۸˵²ٵģҲû޳ܵ۸
ߺߣ֪׿ʦΪλɱĹˣضǱĹߵ޳ܸƵġڤȣȻ߼ܰ
ΧУ˶¶Ц֮ɫ
ƺݺݵصϼһһۣѾҲˣűһˡ治֪ڤô㵱ĳϣ޳ô˵أ
Ȼ׿ȴüͷһЦŵ˵ͷǴӦˣҲãҲ׼ˣ͸ɴķڷӾվһ
˵ţ׿һӲȳһֵĽӡ¶˲һİǰһͬһ仰Ҫ˫뿪ͷ˫ַϣ
˻
̲סһΧȫʧɫ
׿ʦǺƣҲ̫˰ɡǰһ־Ȼ첻µز¡
ڣֻǶ͹ǾߣȻһǿᣬҲǶ͹Ǿǰ޳֣ܵǿɲΪΪȽϵͣ顣
ڻôʵԾĹ
ƺ峤϶ˣͬһǿ׿ȴǾɲ
Сӣòʲôưɡһص
ۣ
һٴ뷭˸ۣļһѪҪˡ
˼׿ʦѾվǴˣͲְˣѾľȻ˼ʲôı
ߣ˵ĵΪûʲôϵ
˼һ͹Ǿ죬绢ѾȴηηβС󡣸缸ǳʶˡ
Χ۵ˣҲҲ̲סȻ¶˲м֮ɫٲˡ
ɫһ죬ƺҲøոյʻЩ󣬵ǽΪãϾС̫ƻˡ
ɴЦŵ˵ͷ׿ΣıȻҲУıֻЩҪֶΡ
䣬׿йâһһСƿаЦǸòˣҿһʦ
˵ţ㽫ƿ򿪣һһתĻԲ䵽С
Ʒ鵤Ԫ
̲ͫסһҩгƶҲɫ䣬ֱʮɣгҪԱ
ʱ䣬˷׷׻ȥ͹ǸֵԱ
ŵһȴǲԡڵƣ׿δôԱ˼˵ķʽͬھ
ǱԪȴȷֻԱʱŻõ
в⣬ֻ׿ϣžصЦݡ


165 
һššš׿еĴƿضţÿһΣһöɫĵģ˵ҲźݾһΡ
ֱΣŵģ׿ųһ󣬽ƿָţӦǼˡ
ţ
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ⱬԪܹ˲佫ԪǿʮܲסڼȻǹԱҪǿʮֹ
׿һóŵҩô£Ԫ˲ʮϣԱȻǶ͹Ǿ߿Ա⣬ȫ൱һֵľԱ
һը˵һĶֵأǶҪΪƽأʱΧˣҪᡣ
뵽ҩ´󺧣ֵشгֹȻ˶֮ء
ǣѾ̫ˣ׿ԥؽŵҩӵС
ʱ䣬Ʊɫը졣
ǾֵĿУ׿޷ԶռƺʼŤһŨʵʵֹסش籡
ڵĿ֮£ƺҲڲϵر仯ۿɼٶȣΪǰ
׿ҧͷͻ˫ȭݺݵץһɫŤ·ʮʹࡣ
ȴȻһƴš

һ׿˫͵زһ£˰㣬֡ĶͷɫĻٴ֣ԭ֮ƣ˲ͷ­
ʱ׿ͷȼգ˫ƣһ˫ͫѪ˿ʹŤӣǳŨɷ
ԶԶȥɱȫҲٶȲǿ
͹أ͹أ͹ءҩɫȻظǱ˵ƣ㷡
Ϊ׿ԽǿԱʱԽ;Ϊ޷ͻȻѸӵԪԱСһ㡣
׿ȴһֱţҲڲ
ҧҧ־ȴһСӵʲôģô̶ֳֵܼȣ
ڣһһ׿һֱͣеıըȴûз
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ͫɵ͵һҩĪشгȻ
ԣٴοȥƣҲȫȻɫ̶̵ļϢʱڣ׿ƾȻɶ͹Ƕأһ·ֱ硣
⡭Ҳ̫˼˰ɡ
峤϶һۣɫ
ǲ׿űԪãΪԱΪ˽Ԫߵ硣
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
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Сӣƣֱ㣡ʱ˿̣Ȼû
ǹһмĻȣ׿̧һֻ֣ǰһᣬڣûҪˡ

ȭཻıȻڳ˵ĶĤɷʹԪ֮ĳײһۿɼĲˣɢȥ
ʯ׷֮£Ϊ촷ۡ
龰˸æԪֵЩΪСĶ͹Ǹ֣Ⲩɨʱ˲㱻ɶʮף̲ס³Ѫ
𺧣˽ɢĲǶ˽֣ļս
ǣǷۿȥʱȴ˲Ӿõһء
ֻʱ򣬻ʹȫһǱ׿ɵһ̧־͵ˡ׿ɫȻ˿ûӣȻ硣
ͻȻƿ죬ڤ峤ϲ֪ʱ׿һݺݵ¡

֮һֲĲǸæмʮʵöɳȥ
ǵٿȥʱƤǲԾض˶
׿ɫɣûп峤һۡƴһȴǱ׿һֻɵص
ڣ׿ûһӡ
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ûʲôܵģǰЦһ׿סһȭƣͻȻһץȭͷץסȻһһ˦
ƱһֻСһһ˦˵ϣҵõѡ
ͬʱ׿Ҳ΢΢һ峤ϱವһ˳ȥֱֱɳʮɿ⣬ɵס֮ƣӲڵϲȳ߸ӡſֹסΡ
̧ͷԶ׿峤Ѵʧɫɲʣ͵سȥ׿ȴû⣬ֻǶŽµĻƣЦӣǵ̸˺Ů˵⡣Ҿһ仰ϣֻվŵġˡ
裬裡
ƺݺݵҧҧ촽ŭһ͵صȭͷһ׿ȥǵŵĶӣݵ±
ͬһʱ̣峤Ҳóһֻ籩¡
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ɽɳƣƷħǿȡǰ򲻹ˣȫΪԪ̫࣬Ӳ
ǳűԪǳħĽղ֮ټԪǿȴﵽվĶ֣
΢΢һ֣׿һֻֻ֣һֻ֣ɵص˻еĹͬʱֻ峤һֻܲ͸Ĵཻ󽻻죬ȴ˿·硣

ನɢΧһɷĩ
ǿҵıʹ̶Ľ˶ǰϻ죬ȴֻǴؿǰȻɵۡ
׿ɵضԸ֣ǰԣһǲ
羿ôˣô͹Ǿǿ˱̬һȻѹƣҿӣ˼һûһ
Ȼ˸̣Ҳһǿ߱͹Ǿ̫ǿ̫̬ˣ
ŵˣʱҲѾȫˡ
ֻһգ۵Ĺ׿ʵȻ˵Ǽֱţ侹Ļᷢ顣
ĩãǿ׸͹ǾŰ
ǡĵ¥໨¥ɵɵؿǰȫ˵ˡ󣬻໨¥һ̾ħ׿Ȼ棬ʵǿ̫̬ˡ
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ɿЦһҲ̾
ԴӼ׿ľʵ󣬱˵ЩСһҲǺ˵İ


166 
䣡
ҵıڲͣ
Ƹ׿ĽսȻٶСټ峤ϵһմ󴸣׿ǽİٶУȻڡ
˵Ĺûһ˿һ䵽ϡ
¶һ˿Цڵ׿ˣֱСӲ࣬ȫвˡ

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ʱ쵽ˣ
ߣûУҲӳ˰ɡ
һ׿ٱУһֻ͵̽һǯݺݵץס˻Ƶ
ҪأȴǸ첻

һֱͨȭСϣƵһɽವһ˳ȥ
ײʮߴĽȫײԼҲ˷С
һ׿бƳ򱳺մ峤ϡһֻͻȻ仯̬һֻ߰㣬Ŵ󴸴ı۰򣬽
һֻһױ޺ݺݵس鵽ؿϡ

ǳ鵽һΡ벻ĸɽһ˺졣ɽȻķ˳ȥײڵϣһҳ׵Ĵ󶴡
峤ϴǴ߳ȴǽһιڵأһѪ̲ס˳
߹ǡ峤ҧҧͷ亹ֱð
ߣԳûܹˡû뵽ΣֻǱ׿һޣ߹ǣ²ɺȻ
ͬģƴӷվûҲ̲סһ³ѪлЩʡ
ɵС֪ԼڸѾشͬʱ׿һȭ֮Ȼǿˡ
ԻʼǿȻȫ޷ֵ
ͷϵ׽Ϩ׿ۿ˶һۣǲվ̧Ųؽӡ˳ЦոѾᣬԼûʵӦѾķڷôֵңȡǵˡ
һ˽Ծ
һǵŵĶӣһڤȵ峤ϡ㼼ˣҲֻɱ˵ķݶ˭ɱҵı
Ǻܿ죬˱ʶ˭
µĶħ׿ڤȵĹ߶ɱˣҲѵڤȣɶǲҸɵģ
ңһҲǵҲǵŵĲ´Ьģٶɱʲôϵ
뵽˾ǲЩ˷ܣ
ǧ˸ҶܹۿҵҪﱻˣҲѵõļˣԺҲء
ϲ¶ϲɫȴź
׿ʦͦ㣬ɱǣɱǡ
ǵ£ֲԴ
·˵׿ûκԥתƵķһȥеɱΡ
д󺧣һ˵֮ġ׿ǿǰδģֻǾ˵ʵǲһơ
ǰƵһθоԼһ㣬ֻҪ˼һ󣬾ͻᱻ
ͷֹסð亹ƵײײˣϽǾ֮ɫҲûз֮ġ
ڤ峤ҧҧͬΡ
׿ʵ֮ǿҲԶ󡣾ȥȣҲûңѱȥʲôŵĶӣ
Ȼʱһߵɫֱͬһ׿׿ͫһ߲ƣɣ
Ϸ򣡡
ҩǿȻ壬ҩ似¶һ˿ִЦݣ׿ʦ֪֮ǧ򱶣Ҳһʱ֮ƽ߲֮ɡ
ɣ⸱ӣѱǿд似һûˣΪλҪô׿üͷһ壬ûٶֻǿŶҩķ򣬴ʵ
ǲ֣ҩ˰Դ֮̾У֮£
׿üͷһ°˵ͷ
䣡
ߵ˲׿ϣȫΧ档
ƼԼþȣɴϲæܵҩǰлζˣСʵ֮ǿ߲ƣס𣿡
ȿȿȡסֻʱ䣡
Ϊ֮һ似ҩٴԪɵҿ³ѪϸһԿọ̀ҩȻִֵذ˰֣ʾް
ӣⱬԪȻܽʵʱǿҲиõġϾʵԭģʱƣһʱޡȿȿȡ
˵ԭӣ۾һгϲɫ·ֿʤ⡣
˰֣ҩЦֻѣǿԪǿӲҲ˵⡣һʱЧȥȻȫˣԪ˥ߣãΪ֮⣡
ô˵ֻҪйʱ䣬Ͳսʤˣϸϲ峤˲ϵ˻ҲǴϲ
ǣܳŶã峤ϸæҲǼеؿɡ
һЦҩоһ߲֮УŲ˶ˣǸղû֣ͷϵϨڲ½ô
ƶ˲һϲһߺ졣ǰǱ׿ˣʲôûо
ҡҡͷҩȻ֪ʱΣӣҲǣСӱͽթʶƣװǿưˡϷ߲Ѿо綾֮£ƽø죬ƺܿҪ־ˡ
һƶ˲ɸϲɫǸ̰üͷٴν
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ߣ׿ʦ㲻ϷǰװǻƣҲǰʱ䣬Ϸ߲ƣԪҪԣĵظ죡
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һЦ׿ӵĴ𰸸㲻ͬҾֻһˣǿߣ
䣬ͻȻ߲ðźܿ㽫ֶȫɣں֮У׿ͬһһ㣬߳û˿ж
ôܣҩǧֶͫ͵һҩһǲŵɫ
½ľȲθô
΢΢һ֣׿˫Ŀâؿͷ֪ҸղǾ仰˼Ҳ˵ӵǰûõǡֻ˵ӵǰߡֶҲĥһȺ߰ˣƨöûС
ҩڴڵشŴ֪Ǿģŭġ
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װƣһûˡлæڰ֣ЦңôҲƲϵкôŲ鷳ˡ
ǰȻ϶㣬һΪǺõġ˵ǵȷǿФһؿ׿ԽԽϲԽԽ
ĵ¥ݺݵһ£޵ҧгݣѾͷھͿʼ첲ˣˡ


167 һоɱ
սϣ׿磬һܵһ˱ƽеɱǰɨֹסв
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ҲζεгһգǿĶֳ֡
֣ȻʵһĪķ̡
ͷ亹ֱðҩǰ׿ֱȻѾ֪Է㣬ֻҪϹʱܷΪʤˣȴȻС
ǿ󣬾֪ȥҲͬΪֻʵ̫ˡ
ɺݺݵҧҧҩ˼Ƭ̣ͻȻһйâһһƿƶ˵ӣǽŵҩ
˵ţһƿŵҩˡ
ƺ峤ֽӹһȴֺɫ׿̧ȥҲüͷһⵤҩϤոշùıԪ
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˵ţ̧ۿ˶峤ϣ۾΢΢һУȵ峤ϣ񽻸ˣȥɡºһԵţлӢ¡źڤȣԶֵͬܣ
ԱʱˣѾôȥ
ڤ峤ϼֱҪƿڴǻҧгݡ
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׿һԿãҡͷʧЦƲƲ졣
ͷһ˶ѡԼܣĻΪװ˼£Щ˶ԵŸϹϾҪΪͷ­Ѫ
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ٺٺ١ǲٻˣһɡɼЦһ׿ȭͷð
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ʱ䣬ƶ˶ʱоԼԪԼαڲǿǿԪǵĽţⲻ˺ѣǹĵʹֹסش񷡣
ǿҵİԪÿЩѪҲ÷׷ɢΧ˸ǽ˶䣬ͷʹѡ
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ȥ㲻ֻܣҲԪľ
һ㣬׿ͬҲǸ
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ߣ⣬ҪԴ
δоǿĻıЦһȫʢ͵طų˻ʱ壬統׿ʱһ㡣
Ȼܿ죬ٴδһأȻֲȥ
ʼأ̲ͫסһֹǶҩˣҲ̲סһ
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ʱĻƣ׿ȣͬ˹֮С
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׿۾һУ˿壬ȥƵȣȴ˼֡ۿ˲ӵǡ
ٵҪײһʱ׿ͻȻһа֮ɫ૵Сӣӱ似ѾŻʮǧء
䣬׿һ𣺡ħɷһʽħ죡

һ쳹׵ĺз׿ͻȻһɫľӰ͵ײһ
Ȼ䣬һ˴ǿƲΧ˶۵һ³һѪΪֱӱûȥ
㶾ҩҲɳ˰֮⣬ǰĳֺȻ
û뵽׿Ȼľ˿ڵŻʼ֮£й֮
ڣǿҵĳɢȥǲɿ̲סɢ֮ȴͫһȫˡ
ֻʱ˿̣׿λദ׿ȻƲ棬һս㣬ֱֱվ֮䡣֮У͸¶ױȵİ
ǻȴȻɫ԰ףѪˮͷȥӣȻȫˣҲѻΪ˷ɻҡ
ôܡǿˡ
Ƶɴ飬µƬն˫ͫһգֱֱصѪ֮С뱻׿ɱһĿ
˻
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ⲻҩˣҲ𾪵Ըӣ׿ʵһµʶ
ԭǼǿΪ׿ƽ֣Ȼܿɹˡû뵽ıɱˣһоɱ
һлһ֮ɫڣҸӼᶨȥһˡ


168 ȥ
һ˿ĭ
ոջһ㣬ıֵڤ峤ϡҵ³Ҳľʶ˼
ˣѾļֱˣ۳һűԪܶԸ˵ģһɡ
ӣ
ȻʱͻȻ𡣽ĵӰ嵽˻ǰֱɫ׿üͷһת׿ȥȴˣͬһͬ˵ĸη򣬶һؾ֡
ǣԪѾͻվ׿ʱ˿ٿˣȴüͷһ壬·˺ɡ
Ϊʵȴĺܣ͹۷嶼Ȳϣѹǰûˣô£
ɻ䣬׿ͻȻǰһΣӲض˶ˤ
ˣʱ쵽ˡ
ݺһҧ׿ǿֱñ˷֣Ҫ롣ҪٶƬ̣ҲһԵˣʧȥʶǾ֮ˡ
ǣĸηȴŭ󵨿ͽ㾹ɱǵŵĶӣǸƴˣ
ߣƾǣ
׿мһߣһЦǵ˳ǰʱȴǰһģȫҲڼ½ԪĸãԽԽԡ
ݺݵҧһ⣬Լѡ׿ǰһηУ˵ʱΪأһ˱նһֻ۰ʹذŵء
Ҳûȥ©֮㣬׿͵ؽһ̤ڿշ
ҩɵǰĲ˼һ˹峤ϣոӵһս̫ԪϾ֧Ųסˣˡ
׼峤ԣȻͷȴһеľ󣬲ǰһ˷ܵشЦ
ħ׿һ֣أֻ˲ĵض״ˡ
뵽峤͵һ̤棬˲ڵ׿ȥһֻȻͷȥ
۾ԽԽģ׿ڿеӰЩҡҰڣۼȴǿһ㱡
ƺҲʱǲɴ󼱣ȴѾˡ
峤ǴЦһһ֮ɫħ׿ߺͶӳʱˡ
ӵԴ㻹ʸ񣡡
ȻѾʼ׿еĺɫɲٴκݺݵһҧ⣬Լѹ׿һֻױһǴ󴸺ݺһ˦

峤ϵһʹһ飬Ҳòǧ޴ʱ㱻׿˳ȥ
峤ϲŭϲЦСӣϵˡûֻڵôϷ
䣬峤ͻȻһֻȼ棬Ϊצһ֧ǹ㣬͵׿ؿڴȥ׸߼似ͨצ
ʱ˿̣׿ֻΪǴ󴸵ĹϵѾԶǰط׿ؿڣŴ󿪡
峤һؾǿǣټ׸߼似һУȻؿڹᴩ³
ʱ׿Ҳضû
峤һ֣һЦ·ĳǣǽץ½ǣֽȴΪ
һâ׿һ峤һۣѾ˵ˣԴ㻹ʸ񣡡
䣬׿ͻȻͬΪצȳħɷڶʽצ

һ׿͵һצ˱˲佻
Ȼ𾪵һĻٴγˡһ˲Ĺ׿ȻһצӲؽ峤ϵֻ첲ж
ѪȪӿһ㣬峤ϵĶϱ峤ƺûз֣ת׿ȥʱȴǲһһʹధŷ֮Ȼӿˤ
ֻ׿Ȼͬһܵ߰㣬ڿкȻվеֻȼĸ첲ȴǱʺѪˮȾ
ߣûҪӵ
һ׿ƺԼǿкݺһץ峤ϵֱֻ۱˲䱻ץ˷顣
ǿʵ̫ǿˣ
˭֪׿½ˣԷһűԪʵѳ۷峤ϣȻһжһֻ۰
ʵʵڳ𾪡
ҩԲ˵𾪵ȫӲǲŵɫ׿ǰǿǿűԪҩ
ҩˣôܻ˲սʤвܵ
ţֻͫҲȻñͻ
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ſЦҡҡͷܶˣҪôȥɡ
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ڴڵش˼׿ȻѾ̫ࡣؿ·ȻסĶҩһۣ׿һĹâûתԶȥ
ҧһ촽ҩתתسջǴӡ𣺡׿ˣϷأ
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Ƕҩһۣ׿нӡȻô˵Ļұȫ㡣ħɷʽ
һ䣬׿ͻȻſڣŭ

һ𣬵һΣЩѪһ㣬׿ĿоȻһʵʵӰڿаȦȻ캧˳ȥ
⡭似ףлɵһ¶𾪵ɫŵСӲ˵һô似˵ˣ۹ûйĶŪģ
ǿɬҡҡͷң˭ȥСϵܣֻԼ֪Ϸֻұ֤һ£Ǹ塣
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ǣæ˹ǿԪĵ¥ǽФڱ󡣵ˣһ֣Ȼ̲ס³һѪ
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ӡٱ䣬ҩ֧ţ˿˿졣ôҲû뵽׿Ȼ似ʵǸ
Ļѹ׿һͷڡ
۾΢΢һУ׿ƺϼһѾģٺһ
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ͨһӲֱֱڵϡϸɱǰʦ
׿һЦתٲֻӰʧǰȴǴһĴЦ߼ңߵһвʤͽЦ£


169 ˲
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ȻһO@ĽŲ׿һ֪ˡԪ̽鶼Ҳ֪˭ΪΣɽ
Ҫǵзһλֱ֣ƨˡ

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磬Ҫʱæ׿ǰˣǰҪûˣ»ۼ塣ɱˣǳ֮ΣǶ𱨰
ԵĽɵֹֹ˫ֲͣزгɲ
ʱһͻȻ𣺡˭Ҷҷ
ţһɫӰأȻֹһѽƿԼ׿ǰȴФɡ
ԣôĹҵ˶Ҷ


170 
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171 ҩ
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˵ţһѴƿʱ䣬뵵ĵƮɢķ쳹˶ߡ
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յתתͻȻ·ʶʲô㣬óһӸ໨¥ȵ
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˭֪ҩ֮ңΪǵĶ˿ɽ⣬ֻԼнҩû뵽СƿȻʮ߿ܹ߲ƵĽҩ
Ҫ֪ˣضӵҩҲһ
ֻģҩٵİˡ


172 ǿ
ȻûСǸŰ˼겻õĵСӾȻ˲Ϣƽˡ
յﲻɴЦһȸ̾ꡣ׿˾˵ʵоԼ΢ˡ
ҩĴҪ޴ضࡣ
ϾҩһʦҲܿõıӰ׿ȴ·ǳӥֻ˲乤Ī
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ǰȷģȻҩϣҪ߲Ƶľ綾ǽҩƳĻ޴֡
յЦһһ̾СӸƽǵԸĽǵƷҩСӲߵ˰ƷƷסһĻҲȫָˡ
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Ҳ˭û뵽λ֮УõĶҩڷ
ݺݵĨһѱӣϸʦǰЦòͶԼĹػ¸ֻ۾̲סˮ
УҲܿޣҪ𣡡ݺһĨۣϸһᶨ֮ɫҧгݵ׿һ죬Ҫ㣬οʦ֮飡

ͻȻը졣ϸһͷȥȴһֱֱ߳
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ֹסתתҩѾȫ׹ɺɵؿΪҪһ͵ɱϷ򣿡
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һ㶣ҩЩ֡Լײһ㲻ôˣⲻħķ񰡣
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׿辿ҸʲôҩѣֻͫҪҡ
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ȻЦЦ׿óһɫĳӸϣʵû֮ǰ㲻ӦұСҵħѪϣֻҪһͷȫѪţԱ
ֹסȻһҩû뵽׿˶񶾵Ķ֪һʱѲˣǴ׿˵㲻ǲϷô
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Цݣڶҩȴ˵Ŀֲ
ħ׿鴫ʵ̫ˡ


173 

ҩĲҺ쳹ܾǧеĶ޾İšҲҺ̻ߣȻϾǱŵǶ˲ɡ
׿ôһʯͷϣؿϹž
ͻȻҩʵܲȥˣɺݺһҧȫԪȻţҪԱ塣
ȻƸով׿ȴӡٴһ䣬ȫ±˲䲻ܶˣͬڵԪ޷ǰҲʱɢޡ
ǺǺǡҲ˸㣬Ѫ壬ȫ±ȫҿơҪɱûҵֿԣûУ׿Цһ
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ʱ˿̣ҩֻ찧ţ˫۱ͻһֻѪԴ·ʱ̶ᱬͺˣ֮ء
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׿Ƴһۣû˵йâһóһɳ©ŵǰ
ϣҲûʱˡҪҲ򵥣ɳ©ȫ䵽ףҲԱˡʱҲ࣬ʮʱɡ
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ҩһи׿ʦȻһʦҩǧĵȻ˲Ϣƣ
ǺǺǡҲûôţ˸ɡ
׿ڰ֣ǫصǶҩ̲סһ飬ҲˡҪǵ֪ǿ޳ɡ


174 Σ
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ȻףȻ׿ƽǵȻҲ֪ǵеȱݡûǵȱݵġ
߲ƣ޿ƥеľ綾ֻҩĶŽҩܽǶŽҩȴȫڶأֻǶزˡڴڣȻк
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ҩȻ⣬Ҳɸ׿󣬼Σصļȥ


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˾ȴḧһº룬һ̾ô£Ҳһֱ°벻ССңȻôһݽǶǺǺǣȤȤ
ѽ˾ͱǶˡСͱ¨ӣͱˡһңţģԺ֪ôģʵֱ£ޱָңڱ־ллˣ޵
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Ĭջ԰УûôĬЩߴߴСƺҲܵصգٽгһ
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ҺСӣҪһף
˰֣ʵȳ޵λһֱáȴҲˣ޷ǵñƵ±ϲɡ
ּ⣬ٵԪ˧س̣󣡡
ʲô֮սսҪˣ
һĴгȴǲ˵˾ȴ򲻿ɰԪ˧رȮִ˿Խ׳һǴʱس±䣡
˲ôˣȻʮûս£кܴ⡣ʵۻӻ֣ǿӲش˾Ȱ˵кȻһâ޾Ҫ޵Ǹ֣Ȼ޵ģѾ޵ĵߣ
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ֻлʵգâƺڷЦ
۶ةฮڡ
ة𳤷һҡϣĿͻȻһӰ߶˼䣬ʧˡ
˫𳤷һǵĹâ΢΢һȣСӴ칬ڰƼˣȻ϶ˡǺǺǡ߼˺ʱ쵽ˣϷټһѻɡ
˵ţ𳤷翴Ժ⣬˫Ϻڣ
ة࣬ǣһһӰ˲ǰ
𳤷絭Цһλǿ֪ɽ𣿡
Ȼǻ֮һħµһơѺĸڹ֮ˣÿĵʹ࣬ʮˣһͷڷߵ
΢΢˵ͷ𳤷ЦܺãǶλаƿƣ˳
ʲôһ˱˴˶һۣɻؿ⡣
ة࣬ǳʲôȲħڵ֮£ǲòֻ֡˽ħͽڴڵҪְ¸Ϊá׷һȭü
Цҡҡͷ𳤷絭ĸϼһһʮ꣬ħھûܹǳֻҪҲ˵˭֪ңϷ򲢷ˡܹ֮𣿡
Ȼ˴˶һۣ˫ͷ
ȻǴų꣬˵ֶҲΪһƣѲǡ
΢һͷ𳤷ЦãǾȥɡʻˮԽԽˣ
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ŽһȻȫĿɿڴþûز
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֪Ǹӵ飬ŲɸЦһȰ𼱣Ҹող˵ôǳ˱Ԫô͵ģҪҲˡ
ոҲ˵ͨԳҲˡϵϽһ˿ʧ䡣
ŸæǰûСӳţҪš
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Żû˵꣬ϱȻ̾˿ҡҡͷϾʧ䣺ң˼һǸ͹ǾǰˣϷˡ
ӣŲ죬ȴǲ֪ôȰźáֻ̾ϢͲܸ˱ôҪСȣⲻŰô
ʱһλ泤İ׷߿ϣȳ֪ƽǵ裬ѵûµص㣬ǵŵĻƱɱ𣿡
ǰŵĻʼСӾȻһˣǵжǿϷ򲻼Ҳϳ̾һȻʧ
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ûڣҲһѵŵҰģǲֻպǻ¥һĥѡƴʹ죡

ˣ
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Ǹ
˵ˣд㣡˻֣ݷоЦջɳ²֡Ǻ׿ĽڰнУϻԵհҲͷκβǣ
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һȻ򣬷׷°ݣӢ
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ǰǰǸСİ߼ұƷˡΣŽΪһ棬УҵʣİԼ߼֮˰
âһ޺޵εİټǱһˣ
һսص˵ͷ
ͬʱҲӵ˵ͬӡȻ䣬ͬţֶԸħ׿֮ߣ
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ڸ߿ռҸϻص׿ͻȻһ˸磬üͷһ壬ӵģ˭ңôоһ𣿡
׿ܼҴֻǣˡ˵ԹһûôԷеĶҩȻʧЦ˸
׿üͷһɣЦϳϣ¥Թ±öɡ¥ŮӵԹۣо𣿡

һͣҩЦЦϷϰˣ
ƲƲ죬׿ЦǶ˭ǺˣҲ˭ҲȡЦԷˡ
ȵȣ
ͻȻ׿أȻͣ£ҩһһɻؿôˣ
΢΢һ̣׿Цĺÿѽǰһ⣬


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ʲôҩһ˼ؿ׿ǺܿͨˣڻУ׿Ȼﵽǿߵʶ
ʱ˿̣ѾͻƣʶȻǿܹ֪һĶҲͲˡ
˫ۣ׿ϸĸܣ૵һɽˣϢڤȵģˣŲӯӦԿ֣ڱˣȫϢأʵ̫Ϥˡʼߣǵŵĸ֣˽Ϊ
׿ܼǺñ£վͨҩһĽ޵һǾͿԱܹǣǼȥȥȥɣ
üͷ΢΢һ׿һ̣¶аЦݣΪʲôҪܿǣȻˣܵøǴУ
׿ܼң򲻿ɣ
ԣҩɴʧɫϽȰԷȻбȻڻһģ˵䲻ģǱϾȣ˷ֱļңҲ©ڿÿҸˣ˽㹻鱨ϳ֡ҪٷҩУֻҪԼӣȡˡ
üͷһ׿ؿһۣû뵽ͷôͶأΪˣϷŰһˣβǻһ֮ô
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ȷ׿Ȼװ񣬵ƴ򷨣ȷʵǶԸҩƵĿǣһһ
οǵӣƺѾˡǾжҩҲṩҩⶾҩв½ࡣ
ǡһжأսǲʵҪˣоһ׿һаЦݡ
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ҪǲǵϢأ
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Сӻ죬ǰ;ȫ
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һƬɽּ䣬λʯϱĿ񣬵ȫȴ쳣һ΢紵ǵĶ䶼ֹסضһ¡
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ʱһɫӰ˽ӽǶȴȫûвӰʱȴͻȻը죬Ѽ⵶һȻֱ
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ѵ±Ƿ֣óǱӰԭȫ۾װģֻûǰ;
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ҲǰɻѾľǴðģ
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İѣҾ͵СǸϴһ֣ĺݺһͷֳʷǰ֮ɫ
һӰǿǵĻ׿üͷһ´ޡ
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һʱ䣬׿Щ𶫷ɽֵװͷˡϾʡ˺ܶ£ô죿
ҪһԸһڤ峤֮ϵ֣ҲǺܳġ
һ̾׿س
Ȼڴʱһ죬ɽأȻðɫŨ̡ǱŨմȾĵطֲﻹǶǴʯ˲˥丯ȥûϢ
ǰңңһɴ󾪣˴˶һۣ߲ƣ
ҩôˣһʼû𣿡ɻ
һνذڰ֣Цٺٺ١ǵĵһʦҩҲǱСӸɱô˵ʬˣǵܲ߷ôԶӧģһˣһ
ǣǸ߲ƣѵüͷһ壬ͻȻ뵽һܡ
ҲһгǷСӣǿȥ󣡡
ǣ˷ȥ֮ȴ͵شܳһǴʧɫⲻǵŵλôΪǻ߲Ƶľ綾ѵˣ
Ȼɻ䣬ǵӰ˲Ǳ󡭡


178 թ˫
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ƿ죬ڤȵĻھڿеλųΪж׿һֻȻŴȥ
ֻգʱ䣬ֱӹᴩ
ĻûӦؿһʹеɵһڲϵʧ
ͨһȥ
ģ
һ׿һֱֱֻ
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оһ׿ƳƳµʬ壬ֿ˿Ǹǿߣƺ˵ʲôһ̡
Ǹħ׿ץץȭͷȫȻţȻؾľǿߡ
׿ҩսҲδӮ
׿Ȼûκξɫֻ΢΢ص˵ͷĵֵܣƽչϵܺðɣ
Σɱߣɱģ壬ҽվ뿪ݺҧҧȫһ˫ŭ˫ȴɲʱǸʬ
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ˣΪҵĵˣҲҪݺݱʬĿ׿һһɫ
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ˣΪһŹ𣿡һŭ˿
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˰֣׿¶һħ΢Цˣڤϡϣôİ˵Ļǡĵˣ
ȥ彥ֻǰӳģ·׿Цݡ
ħ׿ĹթʤѹҲ֡

ĵʬԣе˼άʹֹֻͣ˫ͫȴһֱţĿԣ˽Ŀ
ǱǷ׿ģȴ˫˫ϡͿȥҲѹˡ
˷ʱ̫ˣȥϰɣ
̾׿ûٿһۣջѪӤȻ߿աֻǼ˱ɽϿա
ʱ˿̣λŵĳϽѱһƬɫȫصĸ֡Ϊо綾صʵȴӲ˥ؾ
ڶߣˣȻʵǿᣬһظ¡صʵҵڶ𾪣ߵˡ
ᣬᣬϷˣϷΪǶħ׿ﰡ
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ҩƲƲ죬ˡ
ĬϣǶ˲ЦߣΪǵŵĻʼΪܳΪ߼֮߲ƣκεǣǰǶ˲Ƥǣȥ
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˴˶һۣǶ˽ǴЦʵ½ֻʵҪǵ
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ҩһɴ󺧣׿Ҫˣ
ǶҲһԺҩӹһֿסȫ£ҷ˴˶һۣ֡
΢΢аĻȣ׿ǱǵС󣬿ɱ²С
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һ̣λȻͣӣܶţۿɼٶȫɱȥѸʧ
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û׿ѪӤħ󻯾ɱˡʱˣиţ˲̵ֶΣ
ҩǰԼȴ͵͵ѪӤٻڣԶǸųЦֶ˰ɣڻΪҪǵ𣿡
λ磬Ǿ˵ǿҩķ򣬸Ӽɵ
ˣǸͷ֪ǺηʥֻҪ׿ԴϷʹ󹦸ˣظǹͷ֣
תתǵųһ֣ЦСӣȻҵôһɽϷĹˣ˭
ͻȻǳһָ׿󣬴
׿һŤͷȥҲһ˲䣬ǵųһЦ¶ıóѵݣһ̤˲۽׿ǰһ׿Դץȥ

Ȼû׿һͷ˿һȴأȻ׿ڳʱؿڿ˸
׿ȻתͷȻһɫĵųϣЦƭСİϷǻ֪ʲôУ֫ͷԼˣ
Цһ׿һƣ˱һȥ޵Ԩ
Ÿɵرҩ׿ȻˡҲ֪ʲôУ̸Ц䣬ֻҷ𡭡


179 
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һתѪӤڿз˰Ȧַɻص׿ߡҩؿɫСӤһոաô£
ܼ򵥣ǰ㱻׷ñͷܣȻʮӡҰƹȥʱҵħ︽ϣû͵Ϯһˡ
һ̣׿¶һ˿թЦݣһλǿԵ޹һ˿϶һҳûħٻڡʱһӣΪǸǰһֱڰԻǿߡ֮£ΪǱȽϺöԸģȻҲҳ֡Ϊܾ֣Ὣһעҵϣһַϣָħ͵Ϯĺûᣡ
ҩգգۣƺһ˿ã
׿ɴЦ֮֮һ̫Դˣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
׿ܼңⲻһ˼ôҩ죬૵
üͷһ׿Цûνĸֵͨԭ࿹δǶ֡ϧǽ̫ڱǰװװƵûʲôǰֻҪһ˿Ӿ֮أ
²һݣҩؿ׿һۣи־֮ɫ
ϸϸҲȫǰһУ׿ÿһ仰ʵųϹն
ڲ䣬ȫնɱ
˵׿ǰȦף˵ʱ⣬˶ԣյȦ֮С
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Ҫһ͹Ǿ׷վֵ٣վҲõˣʵ̫ˡ
°Ԫú̽һһľȴ۾һ޳Сӣһ͹ǾһأӲҵϣ𡣺ٺٺ١ԹȻʵСһбȻʼǿ幦
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Ϊҩǿģ˼֡
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СӣϷȻ㳨顣ʶĻ͸Ͽ幦
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׿붾ҩһۣ˵ͷ⵹ҲǣʱΧ۵ôˣ˭Ϲӡǿһ۱
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ҩһڣͻһȫһů⣬紺ů㣬ůģ˵̹
׿ˣüͷһ¶һаĻȡ
Ȼͷһ·СģվϹˣٺٺ١


183 һϼ
˼Ŀҩ׿Ͷҩôؿ
ʱ˫һ⣬վ׿һЦôϣǷȫ泩
ûӵȷ˺ܶ࣡
չչ첲Ц⣬ǺܿüͷǡϷôûǿأ
һ̣׿ƲƲ죺ûʲô嵤ҩҪǿˣǲأ
ʲô˵ʲôһ˲ƴţŭɫ
ҩĸæ㵽׿ߣ׿ȴ˿Ϊ⣬ЦѽϣҲǸϽˣʶ㡣嵤ôƵ£ҲţҪ֪УԽ࣬رԽࡣҩߵʵֻԼ
ô˵ŪϷˣҧҧ˫ͫ죬Ȼŭɶ
ҩӣݺݵҡҡ׿ĸ첲ֱɫҪ˵ȥŭħͷˡ
׿ɲʶô˦һ¸첲ЦŪô϶㵱ǰȺ׳Σ
㡭㡭
ڴڵشŴһֱָ׿ùǺͬʱŭҲѹ֡
죬ʱҲ쵱ҸּˣҲþ֡û뵽ˣһëͷСָűӴ
ܴ裬ʵܴ衣
죬ƴŲҪ幦ˣҲһҪ׿Сӱ¡
ţŭһһ׿˴ȥһ㣬ƵöϢһ͡
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ҩɪŶ㵽׿ǿɫ
˵׿ܼҰĹƶ˼ҿˣѪҲ˼Ҹˣʲô֮
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ҩ°̾⡣벻ҩһǰոڻһΣھҪһˡ
ѵõ
Ȼް֮̾ʱ׿ȴһӡһᶯ

ʱ䣬һԽĲҽ쳹ĶͷͻȻһѪӡ޷˵һƣû׿һëԪȫ
ԼԴ쳣ʹص˵ϡ
ʺѪˮ֮ӿȾ˴أһ˫ͫҲ̲סⱩͻ·ܿ죬ֻͻһը
ʶĲҽУҩ㶣̧ۿ׿ֻǻһаĻȡ
׿ܼңɹˣҩգգۣƺһЩã
׿΢΢ͷЦǵȻ϶ȻҿơϣӹΰܼҸһ
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ҩ˷ܵرЦͬʱϵ죬¶һƬɫٺٺ١ѾҲʱ򡣸ã˭ղžװˡ
֪׿СǰװƣҪܴ۵ġ
һ㣬ҩԼᡣڣܿλװƱҲʵһ¡
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ǵҩͫһɣŵܣƷǶϷԪҲܳѹơңǶ˲Ҳô
һ̣׿аһЦûǶ˵ȷˡǱǸⵤҩû⣬Ƕһǿ塣ڵģ
˵ţ׿ٴó«ƿóһֻѪ
ͫһȻѸойŹ֣벻ӵȻǿˣľء
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һȻ׿ĻвתתȻɻ󣺡ܣոǰеҩĺǱʬϷԪɨһ飬ûз쳣ΨһѪϣҲϷˡңУᱻ𣿡
һ㣬ҩͬ벻ͨһʼҲΪƻʧˡû뵽׿ĽѪӵϼһ
ôӵģҲһԴʺš
ǺǺǡһ㣬ҵȻ֪ҪȻôҳβأ
Цһ׿УһǵĹâѪϣں̶֮Сβص㣬ѪҺϰѪιԣҪֱѪҩѪһΧ䣬ͻῪʼѡԾѪ޳ǱѪҺУȻѪϵĲˡ
ŶԭˡվǿߵԪ̽飬ֻ̽鵽һϢǲδǰ̽鲻
ҩȻ򣬸Ӿؿ׿ͬʱĸƨ׿ܼǼƹˣ˼ȫϽ
ԣˣҪڶ̶ʱڣѷΪѪϣȻ컹ҡҡͷš
Цһ׿ĵҪöҩҩˣʵҸոҲ˵ˣ˵ʱõ˫𡣾ֻ𣬻Ὣˡ𣬱֤ڱ£뵤С֮ҲӦøܵˣⵤ֮תʱůʱ̹ǣʵģļ档ΪֻǶ̶ʱѪ˵ʮˡ
Ҵ˵ҩȫѪҺУʹѪϸڣٳɳⵤҩʲô嵤ǴٽѪУЧĴ
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ϸңңԺҳϡ뿪ˣصţĿҾ
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ɳǿ૵ȿǲģһӲȫĹ
׿һЦ΢΢ͷ
ǵ쿴һȴ͵˫ۣгҲ似УȻһ似ûֹġҾʲôĴڣȻ־óı
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Ŷô·𿴴˼׿ЦҪó⹦㲻ɱڣҵͷȥ𣿡

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׿Ȼ紫һթˣʲô¶ѹܹɱļҸ֣ңڵġ
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Ǵʱ˿̣һ㽻ĸ֣׿Ķ顣
׿ҲںǶģǺôȻʱ򣬿ܻеʧɡ
׿һ뵽ʱ龰²ա


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184 ߼ҹ
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ݷǸæ񣬹ңңĳӭڳǰȺĳǸĳĪˡ
ǺǺǡǿˡĳΪŴܼңӦˣٱ˱ȭ΢΢һȡ
ݷ΢΢ףȴһֱһt
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޳ǰ˰ݣ˺䣬ɽſݷɣһߣԩ·խԴϴε۶һǵڶμ˰ɡ
ǺǺǡǰ޳۶һǱǱ󣬵ڤȴȻԭڤˡݷЦһе֮ⲻԶ
ڳЦڤȣһʧλ󽫡ǰĹ߸ձ˸ɵͨԳ壬ֱжһ첲սٲǰ
ڤʵҲǱĶ֡
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ҩϲ۾΢΢һУɽЦһԼڵϯʦˣ㵹ܲô
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֮ǲȱʦһҩȻǵУǿʦҲɴҩ߳
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ʲô׿׿Ƕͽ
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ͻȻһЦһһ׵ˣߵ£ǰ֮һǽڰ˽ϵĽ硣
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λȻͬ߼ңȴûʲô⻹ͷһμ档֪ԷѣɷС
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ɽ˸ջʶص˵ͷǺܿ㷢Ծһؿ
˵ǰ֪ǣһհ𣿿ôˣħôɥ鶼֧ˣôֳԼˣⲻǰǸô
˾ɵ񣬻Ԫûһ˵ոձħʵ뿴λûʰ֮ġҪ֪߼ǿңáͬ֮һСС׿ҵΪһ֮˽ħô˵ֶΣǲ̫һ㣿
ݷɺлХ缱æͷʾͬЦ⡣Ȼǲ֪ԪΪһ̬ȸıˣ⡣
ɽϲˣ̲סݺһ顣ŻԪһαƵЦݣһѪ
̵ģⲻˣô
ѵǰ֪ǵĿģҪǵıɣĹΰȷ
ģҲ̫Ƕˣô۸˵ô
ɽ˱˴˶һۣȫһһֻӬӣʲ£²úܣ
ţһԸ׿ķ㲻֮ԪҼȻؿͷϢ
ֻڳ̾뿪ʱԪĿ⣬ȴǾ˸˸
̫ţȻϰ˶뿪ֻʣ޳ʱԪĵ
ص˵ͷ޳Цǰߴߴ硣̫һ۾Ϳߣ仰ħĴ㣬Ҳʵѵá¿¥߼̾ȴʵڲöԸݷɸлХˣҪѸöˡ
ǰ̫һ¥ֳһѿеĹͷԪ̾εҡҡԴ
ʱɽ˵Ӱֳ˴ſڣǵݷߺȥˡ
ƺϵǻ޳ɻɫ΢΢˰֣ЦλȫеǡλģǵŶԸλû˿⡣ոֻһʱ𣬸ıѡ
һɽ˿޳һݡ
㣬ǵ˼ȫӲķģ
λˣĳֻƲİˡ΢΢˰֣޳ɵЦһ
ǣǾζԸ׿أɽüͷһ壬֮ɫ
ڤ׿ԹԹãԶ׿ҲΪС
ԣԪ޳һۺȴЦ
ĹһȹһƿС㾪ˣʵʧ߼ҷ緶ԪЦһмƲƲ졣
޳оһĹǲѾɳȥ𣿡
ǣҪʧأΪˣǲҪħ𣿡ɽ⣬һɻҲˡ
ԪмƲƲ죺һ͹ǾСӣϳħСӲǸͷѣħ;
ɽգգ۾ɻ
޳ҡҡ֣쳣򶨵صȻ¶Сյ鱨࣬Ҹλϣһλ֡ɵСӵļʣھųϡڣȻʮɣ
ŶΪһȷˣԪüͷһҲ¶ɻ֮ɫ
޳΢̣ĵΪ¸ոյ֪еĿҲԸ׷ȥˡ
׷ȥʲôԪһ㶣૵
˵˻ǵǳսȥ׿ϵĹȥˡǸգҲֻ飬ſ
ߣΪŵĿȻ˻ʼűҵĹдԪһֳ˿˿֮ɫ
޳ȴνذڰ֣ΣϵԣõȻСӳˡСӣȷˡ
ԣɽ˲۾һǴЦ
һոֶϣ׿ͨ챾죬Ļвĵ
ǣҪ֪λոƨƨߵȥɱ˶ᱦûɱˣԼҲԽȥ˼շˡ
ƾ޳ҲþӶɡ


187 طٳ
⡭
Ȼɽ˻ûüΪ׿ֳƿ죬죬һ۵ڤ峤ϵ˫ۣҲûñļˮ޳ȴȻƳһۣٳλҲж˰ɡ

ʱ䣬˵ЦȫϣɽеתԴЦſ˶һ۵סٳǣΪ˳׿ô׿ȻɣǸطʲô
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Ԫһһâ׿Ǵģѵܱ֤ﲻڶʮ׿𣿵ʱǸ鷳ûΪƽء˵
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Ѿողջô
䲻˸ɽи̣ȴ飬Ԫٰ˰ݺ󣬱㼱ȥ
ȥţǶ֣
ţ
ԪصͷɽǱ˳Զȥ˶һտλʱɽһأŭȳʲôǵǹʹ
ǰǷٳ˻ǰõĽء̽һ»ҵĵߣԼȥȴǳȥףʵڿɶ񣡡ϲ˸̵ĺ룬ͬҧгݵ
üͷǣǡǲȥ˵šҪˣпҵı֮£Ǻã
һʱ䣬ң㣬ǵͷ̾
Ǹֽϻڲ֪ߵ£ƨҲõġҪһĴֽϻţϻһҧ¶ǸצҧͷѪĿңʱűضжԶԶˡ
̵ģĵţ¶׷ʹȴûһ˸ҵŻԪܾ
峤ϳɽ׻˵Ȩȡᣡ⶯˷ٳǣǱ߻ΣҲ֪Υ˵ŵ⣬ǻԪƢǲǵİ
²һݣλ˴˶һۣ̾˿΢΢˵Դ
Ȼˣֻжһˣ
۾һУɽݺҧҧͶĻƣҶǣ
䣬ɽóһöɫӡһ㻯һɳȥٳǴˡ
λһۣҲǷֱóö򣬴˳ȥ
Ͽת˲ţո߳޳һ΢΢Ļȡ
һȻµϷͼҲҲԪЦһ޳ߣĪľ⡣
΢һף޳ЦλȻ֮ףǴ֮ˣ᲻⣿ˣҲȨʧѡߡʼƣ߼Ѵˣ
ǰǧϴˢ߼ǿʼҽֱʵۣǧΪۣ֮ʵҵµĴʱ
Ԫһ̣¶еİֻҪ˴ηٳһۣǱ߻޶ǱͿɴĵؿʼħų켺߼һ£ִ¡
ǺǺǡʱ߼ҹһ֮ʣ֮󣬼Ҳκβã޳ڴˣҪǰףٵǴˣ޳ŻԪķؾһ
ԪЦһĻ޳һţȴԸӵΪһܼңɾ͸ҵǰ³ŵպϻλ̡֮֮ףة֮λĪ
л̧
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ŶһգĵرȤֱ˰ɡ
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޳˰֣Ԫһۣ˽ǴЦ·£Ȼڶ
һ棬ݷɡлХͳ̾ˣһ⣬Ѱ˸û˵ĵط־һ
ݷɵ̾һ񣬹ѣź«﾿ʲôҩͽ̣
ʱлХҲһеؿȻǶ֪ŸոյĻè壬ȴо
Ѱ̾һ˶һۣҡҡͷлҼͬˣлֱ˵ˡոմһʼλ¾Ѿ˻Ԫıس֮ˡ
ʲô
˲һȻȻ²⣬λ߼֮еķѵȷϺ󣬻ֹסͷһ
Ŷ˵ӣ̾૵һҼ򽻵˵ҵ磬һøոսλ˵Ϊ޳ôǾ֮Եհ𣿡
ѵ𣿡һ㶣ʵ
̾ҡҡͷ̾³һһĹâʵոյĿһӣ
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û֮ĸ֮Ϊ֣Ƿӣոǽһ͸ۡ
̾۾һУЦԪǿֻҪ˾ˡǽȥλӣôŵģôͺãǧκ顣ղչֳһСͬǲӵı֣˵һ
Ȼһݷû뵽žȻԵˡͬҵ壬ҪϿ
лХҲüͷ΢΢ͷ·ʲôѹѸոһֱ˳ĻԭˡĻ¥ڸòĶУӦñں˰ɡ
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лХҲ΢΢˵ͷ
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ԣ˲ɫһ࣬һݣԴΪأҵȲ
ˣѣ׵壬Ӧֹǰ̣
̾˰֣쳣õո˼ƺⷢħⲻ׿Сڽƣû̲ҡ֪һֱں㣬ͷҲܳã׿һ֣ħȻ𡣡
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ݷɺлХͷһա
Ӱ鴫һɴ֮磬˿üǰǰֱͯ㣬ֻǲ
ڣֻʣ׼ҵߣ޼ɵطħˡߣڷٳǣ̾һȵǲ֪ҶԷٳǵ̬ΣǱֹǣڷٳǶң
ĵȥԪ˵һ˵лˣм´뿪ˡ
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ţ̾ݷɶ˵ϼϷٳǣǿ϶Ѿ׼ϣü
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ܲôˣݷɵԥ̾ȴǺԥ˦ִϣ޳ˣҲ˶ʱգʹ˹£ҲηηβҲǿһ壬ô׶ԸҲ˼ɡ
䣬̾ȷƿա
ݷɸлХһۣǿЦλӣҲ̫ˣ޲ذֻܸ˼ƨɺ£
ʵ̫뺷ˡ
ͬʱٳ⣬ӰҲɽ֮ϡ
ӣˣ


188 ͽ
׿̧ٳǣǺڷɽķһ̾
ΪҰΣܼһ߾࣬Ҳ֪ˣħɷô᲻ˣ
ٽţ׿е˼Ǹࡣû뵽֪䣬ȻҶ˶ǣҡ
ϣûǰɣûзħҩһ·ϱһֱֱٽٳſڣһؿ졣
첻ҡͷЦϼһһ·϶Ѿ˰˰ٶˡǲôͣ϶̲סʣʵöЩŭ
һۣȳСӣ϶ˣôҲˡϷٴһ飬ϷԼ׷ģŻûзħϷ뿪ǰûСҪ϶ٸϷһ䣬ϷҪ˺죡
ҩŵһ£ٳˣԹȻǡ
ȻʧЦ׿ҲħȻ׶ҩĵġ
ʣǿ߶ÿǿսûħĻǿ׳
׿ţ첻ᣬҲƭգΪṦģ޹ء
Ļ϶ʱͻᶯ֣ҲǴŻᣬ϶ˡ
ϣҷģ߼ħҲӦòܿ졣٣ǻ׼ʱ䣡׿΢΢һЦο
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ͻȻĻ䣬һεĲȴǶȻԷٳɢҩҲ׿ȴһһ۵ǿߣ
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׿ѵ˵ħѾˣĻȴ̫ͻȻˡԼλб취ңһСȴ⵽֮ꡣ
뵽׿һͷϷųʶ׿ʶ֮УҲųʶ̽ȥ
ĻԷֻΪʶ̽飬ȴǰ׿ȻԵˡ
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Цһ׿æԶڷɽȥֻʱ˿̣ǰµķⲻһ
ڷɽûг£
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ǣħĻΪҪո֣
Ϊң
׿ƳһۣΪȷȷʵʵΧɱյ塣еһأǱĸָֿܳԤǶˡ˵λոһ̤ٳǣǾͱɣ
ǺȻһаЦ׿ת׿Ǿ벻Ҳһǿߣһؾǿߣ
ǵȻϷڣǼ񣬱˵һëЦһΪԵõԴ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ϷŰֻǲ˵Ҿϣ˵δ̫˰ɡ

һźϸ˼һͻȻһɫãϷɱȥǼ۵϶ҵʣ
׿Цҡҡͷ
һ㶣ѵ׿ܼҲϷʵߣ˵صˣϷͬΪո֣ϷһҲڻ£
Ļ˵Ŀš
׿ȴһ̣ĵǡҪϰǶأ
⡭һüͷ壬ָź룬ȴǷѡ
ͬΪ֮£ҪֻѡҪ£ȴô׵ˡ뵱ٳһսǱϸ峤ϣȻʵ߳ڤȵĳһء
Ҳֻս׷ȴûһˡ
׿ͨıƣõ˵Ĵ⣬ϻСҲΪΣǱڣٸȻԭ
ͬΪ֮в¶Էһˣ׿ʵ˼Ҳ˸ʮǧëͷСӣȴɱλԷϣͬ񻰹һ죡
ʱ˿̣׿Ҫ֪ͬǺá
Ļȣ׿ĹâϣڲǵŵĿô
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ҩһ㶣֪׿˼ȴǱһסڷɽȥ
ϣȴؼ忴
ҩ۾һ͵ص˵ͷлᣬʶһ˵еˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ٳҸڡ
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ߣңڤȣѾѺڷɽⶼ˸飬ͼǻˡûע⵽ĻɽôֲǵĴȻǣТ޷޲ƽƿڴ
ǳ̾һҡҡͷ׿ɲ⣬ǰȻĸɽ󣡲Ҳ湻ģһֱܣֱѳҺ󣬲󣡺ǺǡǻɽȣͼһֵûˣҲֱ˲ǣ
ߣһǸ׿ǰģǸСˣʲô׿ģͲ׿ҼλˣТһŭݣнǼ֮ɫ
ף׿һ˳ҲТò̸ӣһȲģƾʲôԴ׿۶һۣ׿꣬ÿ׿ȥķ򣬸ʯһɽôܶһ¡
ٿŲТͣرԹȴΰ̾
׿ˣҸ߲㶼Ƴ硣ҪиŮҲ޸׿
ϷӰȻѾǾصΪû֪֮
ҡͷʱһ죬Ŷ룬Ƴһ۵ҪǣϽɡ
һٸӶһۣһϲڿԵüڤȸ߲ˡͷ֮գָտɴ


189 һһ
󣬲̼Ҹһ·Ҵǰ
Ȱڰ֣פһ󣬽Ǵһȭϣٸˣ
ǽɣ
ﴫһĮɤٸһ˴˶һۣ߶µٴθ˽ȥ
ϾҵȨﰡ֣һһû˵ãǸ¾ͻԴءԶˣȫսսӡ
һûü֮ˣæعڵأæͷ²̼Ҽ٣ЯȮТݼϣ
ͬӶüͷ
ԭТģģΡڣȴԽԽūԱ¶һͷ
ӽģδݣȴȰݵˣ˵Ҳף֮ڣû˭ҵĳϣҲͷġ
޳ܵū澹ǣȴҲټɵãһġϹˣῴ
ͬģڴģһḡӡ˵ı֣Ҳ¶һ˿
ǺǺǡԸӣͦʶʱģ
ȻһЦӲٶλôһɻѵٳǵģֹһڤȳϣ
Ƕ͵ԿȥȴֻλһͷɫͷߣŶ΢΢ͷЦ⣬˵Ĺâ
ϲˣºͶҩˣλõḡӣаһЦȤ
ԣæڰ֣Ц˼ͶڤȵģôƳȥҲ̫˰ɡֻһļ壬ҲøǸӦҡһβͣ˻ҪأϷ˵Ķ԰ɣ
ǸʲôϽҪʵʳҲи׼Ҳܿ죬ǵ͵ˣ
ʱٶұλãһСȥֻǸӵĴ󺺣һۣȴ޷Զ
ԣһλǿߡ
ǺǺǡʲô˰֣Цף֮Уǿָ׿СӳԹ١Ƕ㼱ƨҲ׿ѾξͲضˡҪ֪ҲǸǷ֮ذ
˻Ƕһݣŷ·ʲô㣬˵ͷ
ӣȴ亹æڶͷȥ
ôˣңڤȡҩ֣ȻһңϷǵֻڤȵݹЧ鰡ʲô
ѵǲ̼ôֿȣǶˣǺǺǣǿ϶ܣϷһˡˣ׿Ǹո׿г
һ뵽ٲݺݵҧҧж׿
һֱ֮أҵ鱨֯һֱƿأǸȻ֪׿ʲô춯صĴ¡
ǿ뵽׿һǳʲô鷳Űġ
ⲻԸǸȥô
˭ãң
ԭǴ㣬ڤ˽ͨҽҲͶڤȵļΪڤڷٳǵĲҰܳһ
ڻҵȥġʲôĵڰңңֲӵĲ̼ңֺαΪ
ڣҩֵĲ֣ȴףҶҵĳޣڤһ޶ԶڤҲ˵
ҲǧܵΪרſٵĽأٳ鷳
Ļһҵķŭҵķŭ
һҵķŭܹƾƽϢҵķŭҲˣŭδңпܽǸӶϣ
ϾҲ˰
һ뵽ٱ޵ĳ嶯׿ˣҲ˰˭֮ڣǵУҸ
һˣٸһۣȴǿ֮ɫ
ҳϣȻ֪⸸ɱ֮˵˼һ裬Ľ٣˵˵ڶЩɡ

һ㶣ͷͷͲҳϵĴȣˣ֮ıҴɻڴȴѹ롣
λϣҶҡֻдһ֣ҲֻǰͻƵĶѡŮáͳ壬ֻǶ͹ǾŹ£Ѻƺ͸ˣʣµľһЩСඣ˿ǸλϵĶ֡
һͻͻʱͣһټ䡣в䲻λģɶӲТŲ䡣
ֱͽķչ޾ϸ˵˸顣
λϣ˴˶һۣȻٿ⸸ӶʱȴŸ֮ɫ
еͽǵǼ٣ѵô׵ģǻǵһμˣôԼĵ̣壿
ţˣǺɽʲôǲ֪ӣĸô£֪ƽ⣬Ǵƹ𣿡
Ǹ׿ʱµģʲô֪ҲѳҺ󣬲ŷôĸ󣬸λϣһҪš
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˴ֿһۣ΢΢ͷ
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Ȼòٸ£һ죬ȴǺȻ˽λһæݵμλ
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Ψһһμģ｣סǷױϾǸģûκζ⡣
ͲһˣҲһǲ˳ۣ˳ˡǲٸڷǰûŵ÷ǰȴŵվ
ȻûϷֻǽϡ
ոǷ֣ٳˣһ͹Ǿأһأһȴأһһص
ˣҲǴʧɫ
صĸ֣ʲôǵѣ
ˣǸոˣƤɵض˶һλȳ
һ϶Ǵ󾪣λϣͷҲð˿˿亹ظǰҲͬһ
ɫؿԺ⣡
صķΧڳ˶ס˺ĿҲ·𶳽һ㡣ٸһֱڵأȫɸ
˶߼Ҹ֣Ҫٴаԣ˾ʲôĿ´ڰ
䣡
һ죬˾УݺݵԺУһƬҳ̳ɢȥ¶ŭɫ
ǡ
һλƺϳһָ죬йĪľ졣
ǣ˺֣Ǵ̤ǰȥ˵һ˦ϡ
žһ죬ǹһӣ챩ŭΪʲôûң
ʱ䣬˶סˡ
Ϊȣʵǹһƣʵ̫ͻȻ˶û׼
ǿǹǿߣȻ͸һƣ˵˭
ٸӸϵزŶͷ亹ʵ̫̼ˣ඼ܲˡ
̶һӲǼĶʲô˰һһȻֱӸҵĹվһĶ⣬Ҳ̫ǿˡ


190 ȥɽ
˶ؿһУҳһڣȫסˡ
ǸĹ˻ӣһѸ߸գίؿһŭݵ죬оɻ֮ɫ
ǵŵĿ죬ôôˣŲǲôңǺ⣿
һ˶һǲٸŵɫ˲ɷ
߼֮ףŵĹѹôˣҸһơǵţΪҲô֮ˣ
ѵ˵Ǹ׿Ҳ
һˣٱ̲סض㡣СӣǸµӰԼ㣬ŰѼһȥ
ڲŷ·һ£ңҳҲᱻ׿ͽææȥǶæˡ
ȻһŭǻңҪǳٳδ£׿ôһܽǴͷӰӶûˣϷʶ̽
ʲô׿ȻϺΧ£˳һ·ӻôûأʱһʧɫ̲סг
һۣõһ˦֣Ǹһӣ㲻˵û˰㵱ưͣ
һȫٳˡ
λϹȻ紫һ㣬Ƣ̫á׿һ͹ǾСֵܴӳô°ɣǶ޴顣
ǰ£ǽĶôᣡ
ǣû뵽ǣȫ׿̸ļƲߡ
Ҫ֪ͻȻٳǣͳ©Ȳ׿δһظ֣ߵ£ӻغڷɽո֣Ȼһ㶼ֵˡ
һŷŭǿѹסˣ˾ɻҲҽյùҹ˵ʲôǾʲô
ǲŶӣ׿Ȧ֮С
ˣһһϷȥɽɨһۣЦȳ
üͷ΢壬λһ󣬼ϣǻûӵĴţҡ
ƨϼһҪǲ׼ңŸʲô
žһ죬һĶȹȥϷˣǻʲôԥġʶģϸϷȥɽºһ򣬺ߺߡ
һ˵ڷɽȥ
˵Ĺңҳ㣬һҧ˴һͷȥ
ΨһĹ˼ɣµҵ̽ͷȥ̽ҵĵߣԽػ׿ʱŻɳϡڷٳȴһ˲Ʋϵ
ҲһֱڵȸԼ
ڣȻˣǻʲô˵ġϣǾ͸ϣպǰ涥ţӦõĴ㡣
ֻżˣȴǽɵ㶼׵Ժ
̽鵽ǰĻжˣǶȥˣмȻ׷׿Ϊлһ͹Ǿȵȡ
һϵе⣬Ƕȥ룬߼뵽ˣҲʳڡѵǻӱ˦⣬˦
ֵӵ£λϡͿ
ҳϣ˴˶һۣЦһҲȻȥԼҵĹˣϣʵûɲϣ
ʱ䣬Ժ˲ֻʣˣ̼ҸӺ
ңңת˲ŵ֣ٲһ̾ϷǿˣȻܼ˶ǿߣлһλţĵŹһһţƣҲ㲻ˡλǰĳϣҲһĴڰ
ߣ㻹˵˼ңҲʱԼǸУмƲƲ죬֮ɫ
Т󣬲һŭãǲ̼Ҹңһ򽻺ãΪ˵Ҹף
ߣ˵㸸ףҲһûϢ
㡭Ŀ̱֮Тͨ죬˫ȭ߬ۿҪβסŭ𣬶յŮ֡
Ȼʱһƿ죬Ҽ˲Ժʱȳһ󶴣ֿ˿һ˵Ĵɾô£Щأ
б˲Тһۣǰոյ˵һ顣
ôԣȥߣȥڷɽ
ȥʲôһ㶵
ɵŮȻǸҳϹǼ͹ˣЦһŮҪסܷõҵЩϸϱˣ
üͷһҲæסӵ֣ڷɽȥ
ѵҲ
ϻǰұǸһͷڤմ״ôҳϣļҹǰսҽӴĺûᡣұڤȴȣ˵ܱϵŵĴȣʱ򣬿һôǸǰɪ
ǰһТݺݵص˵Դ˵ûʱ򣬿ǸСˣҲҿң
䣬Тбһʷǰսǰȥܵû졣
ٿһУϻοС֪ܶˣ
ǲң׷ҸϵȥĴƨһȾͱ˱Ƶġ
һ棬ڷɽ֮ڣϥ룬ɫԵЩ԰סȻĿ̿ȴȻֻǾ۷壬͹Ǿδͻơ
һ˿֧ĸѾ̫࣡
ߣ졢ͳˣշ绪ïĴС㣬㲳⸱ӣ˲Щۡ
С㣬ҪЪЪЩ˶ٳһˣһֱûʲôӦöڲʲô⡣ͳʱɷɢ¶һ˫Ŀ֮Уȴһ˿۵⡣
΢΢֣ѵ촽ԵЩɱ񣬵ЦȴȻã׽㲻Ƕ̽ô֣иǿǿߣǵ̽ζӽˡǿʼжˣǿ»ûüת󷨣Ǳѹˡ
ѾͷȥҲŲ˶ʱˣ̾˿˫ȭ߬ϷʵãȻҲ˿尾֮ʱȻҪһСﱳϷʲôҵĴϣ
ײǧô˵ͳ죬׽ƽնҹͣΪҷչƶͣƽհﲻʲôæھΪӦĹװɡңҵļңǶҵˡѾһΣһˡ
ѵĻУ˵˲̾һҡҡͷ
ƺ죬㣬ĵҪ׿ڵĻǾͺˣһа취ģ
һ˵Ƥ΢΢һ£ƺҲֳ⡣
ҧҧ촽СӾǸ쵰Լ鷳ֻ֪
׽㲻Ҫô˵׿һҲΪұüͷ壬ŵ㾫⣬Ҫغң
ѣ㲻֪
һǿͳüҡͷȴְѸ˵Ļ˽ȥһֱ鱨Զ׿ķ£ȴһֱŵġ
Ѳ⣬ֺ֮ɫ

ͻȻȴͫһг
ѣôˣ˼ʵ
üͷ̲סض˶ɢ֮ɫʧȥ˿Ȩ
ʲô
һѸٳȥ


191 Э
ݣ
ƿ죬ĵӰ½ڷɽǰվ
ǺڷɽĵͬɫĹȻֱ졣ɫ뵵ɽУǵʶ͸ȥ˲һ̾
벻Ȼᱻ˲µ󷨣±ǸҵĻɽҲй֮޲ˡһ壬Ȼ˱£
һλḧ룬̾Ҳͷ죬иɢһƬ֮â
ҪͶңȻɣ
һƿ죬λҲǸ
˶룬һľâһָĶĳϣȥǸʽλϷ
һ䣬ȴϷ\Сλ˴˶һۣʼ磬Žȥˡ
ϣûʲô˵ģˣܲ𣿿ָӵģǵŹʲô£Ҳ
ڽʽ֮УǷΣգȴȫûȥ
ߣ弶ʽԷֻһ֣λգλ𣿡һЦ϶һۣǲмƲƲ죬İţȻ˶С
ˣ
ڷɽУ͵վһƬ֮ɫһæôˣ
һ£ɫ쳣أλ֣Ϸ\У൱ֻǽڵһɲǣƺҪʱƵģ
ʲô
̲ͫסһȫҧҧֱֱ³ȥ
ǰѻδʱѾʧȥ˿ȨܿܣǱƽˡ\ĸ֣ºܿڷɽҪȫˡ
Ϸȥǣ
۾΢΢һУ̲סץȭͷҪⱼȥȴǱѼסˣײκһ˶ɲ⡣УҶΪҲѳԽ磬ǵĶ֣
˿һ£ִ̤ȥתûӰӡֻȴƴǰϷھϷϰɡǿߣϷȵһ
Ƥ̲סһ˵ʱһȻظжǶ֪һֱΣҲһֱھֲҪԼȫȥ֤ҽܵ档
׳ϣƾһ˿Ƕ೤ʱ䣬ȥɡȻͳЦһŸ˳ȥ
ͳ죬㡭һ
Ӳͣͳһ֣ƵشЦ׳żңΪѵһҶݣʱȴҪͷڹֻûټֵһˣ
̾һͳתҲʧӰ
ÿЦһѵļһ㶣תͷƺ׽㣬òᡭ
΢΢ͷЦһ常Ҷɽܿһ˸ֻǡǺǺǣѣСӺ󣬰Һݺݸơߵ̫ˣǰûһۣʵڸô򣡡
䣬ת\ȥֻıӰȴǳįǲʣҲΪеǸˣֱû֡
ؿȫʧУѵ˫Ŀʣƺ㣬ǶΪȥ𣿡
ݺݵ˵ͷ飬ĺۼ
ѽƺڻУ૵ƺסȻû˵ǻмˣǶǵļˡӳȥ󣬾ȥ׿硣ֻҪҵһûµģ
ǽ㣬أƺգգۣһɻ
¶һЦݣѵƺǵҵѵ𣿡
ȻǵãҸ嵨
ǰ˾Ϊǰװڣһ󷨰ǣһᶨ֮ɫ˦ƺ޷˵س˳ȥ
㣡ƺ˻ŴС
ȴûлӦһŴĴȥ׿
\ڣ˸һ󣬱ƣ\ͬƹ֮һ
ǱϾǿߣһ䣬㽫\׶ɢˡ
棬̾
ѵõ弶ʽ²Сϧ߹ʵ̫ٷ֮һӲĻҲ£
һλ̾˵Ƚ΢΢ͷ¸ңҺûְȻĻĸ弶ÿһһλվĻڷɽøͰһˡ
˵ˣǵŸȫҲѿжӲͷ
ˣ
ͻȻһռ䲨ȥȴֻӰǰ
ߺˣһλȵ
ŭһ󺰳Ҵϣ죡
ŶǴϣ
üͷһ˱˴˶һۣȴǺЦϣǼǿϡ죬һ֪ⲻǸոͻƲõģһصô
ҲǴϣߺߣҹȻң߶Ƕͷûˡ
ĸػһңֺαչ֡
գգ۾зֹӦǸңҲضá
׿ô̬Ĺܼڣⳤôᡭ
ͻȻ·ʶʲô°Ц׿һ͹صߣȴɱϵǿߣȫˡ
ⳤȻֻһأҲɱǿأ
ܼҶǸ̬ⳤû̫
ٺһЦһļһָϣϼһˡ
ٺٺ١ϣԸհ죡һȭ˿һƴ¡
ЦѾ׳գ˵Ϊƭˣһ˭һء
׿Ǹ̬Ͱ˶˱̬
Ȼʵȴǡ෴
䣡
һ죬˫ȴǱһӱڵأѪ²ֹ
ͫ͵һ쾪Ŀɿڴ׼ϾҪչ¶ЦҲ˲佩ϡԭѾǱ̬ǻʲôϣ
ǰ׿ǧ̣˵İȫһ˵ͷǴϣյëַˣҲ뿴Ǵϵʵжǿ
ԭȻĸΪһֻǸͨ׿ǿס
һʱ䣬һԴߡ
ô׿ѵ˵ĳŵƨһô
ոϷɹû϶˳⸱УҲ̫˰ɡʽ֮УϷʶܵƣϷϧĸ㶯֣Ϸ֣ǸֵĹز˲ƣһװࡣ
ԭһƻ죬ԣèϷ裬һѪ
ݣ
ͻȻƿ죬һӰǰһ̲סеͳ죡
һЦͳȵӭУ԰⻤ͳְ׳һ˳е
ңʱҲߡ
һжǹȴǲмƲƲ죺ߣûģ
ߣҲǲƤ
ͻȻһ\ͻȻӿɫĻ͵ǹȥ
ǹδӦȻһɡ
ߣѵӰ֡


192 Ȧ
С㣬ôˣ
һڽӡ˫֣ɴг
΢΢һЦǶһˣͬͬ
ӽ͵һůӿΪļҲˡ
ǡƺأǿҰףʵ
һ˿ʹ֮ɫǺܿ죬ѱȻһЦûϵѾˣۿҪͻƾˡȥ׿һûµġ
Ȼ˵ţ˶ܿеĵǡ
̾ҲɫƺڻֻǸӣһ߽ҵ׿ãҪҲĻ治֪ʲôΣա
˵ǸСӰɡ
ͻȻǺɫ֮дһŵĿЦűһɢոչ氲Ȼ߳һƬ½Ƕûյ
ߣǵĹܼ׿ɱ߼ҵĳϣѱ̡ܵᱻǸϾɱңȻ˶ͽһﲻ⣬һܡСӣϷҲץң
ʲôӶŹͫһҧгݵ
ǹһЦа˵ǸӣǸճӤϷҲ
˫ȭɵý˽ŭɫ
ȻʱһͯȴǶȻ𣺡ȥˣСүˣ
ȻһԴȥȴ͵ͫһгƺôҲˣ
һЦ¶ĲЦݣƺ޾ɫص㣬˵ҵѵҸ嵨ǣ͵
ĵ̲סض˶˿ƺȴǲɵһĪĸж죬Ҳֹסݣ̾
ҷǷҲжǿߣֻ£͸һ壡
ԭϷһֱˣѵ˵׿ܼ˵µһ壬˼
ĵһ꣬ϧڣ׿˼׿ħʣܰ忴֮ء
˵仰˼ʵһ㣬ڵĵطǿ
ȻҪˣʱ˿̣첻Ϊ׿ǿֻΪҸжʱңҪңǿ̫̫ˡ
Ȼѵ룬ϷһǰɡһаĴЦǹɱâ֣Ҳ¶յļЦ
ͫһս𣺡Ҫҵܵܣȹأ
䣬ӡٱ䡣
ʱ䣬\ͬһ㽫ǹΧУۿҪٴΰ\֮ڡ
\׷籩
Ǿڴ˿̣˷ӿ\ףǹȴһϹžһ̣ͫһ
˵һ죬һ޿ƥеԪȻܷɢȥǹɹ\ףʱ˵ǣɢ
һѪ̲ס˳һæڲࡣ
һЦǹмƲƲ죺弶󷨵ȷϧСѾͷΪ̫ǳ͹Ǿ󡣲ڣǺҲˣϷ·
䣬ǹҪ֣ͳأһͷ亹صǰ滤ȻҲֻ֪ͽ޹ҪǰԼһְ
ۣ
ͻȻ췢ǹǰֹסһͣŲ˼תͷǣҲͫȻһ˲֮ɫ
ӳģֻѪȭͷ˵ؿڹᴩ
ǰһֵ̬ǻǿ˵ĲȴǸеԼؿһڼ½š
ӲתͷȥԻͫУӳճȴĮף
ϣΪʲ
ˣûҪ֪ô࣡һ˫һλոֵʱķѣ嶼Ϊ飬Χ\֮Уɢ
̲סһ˶´󾪣ǽʣϸǲԻŵĹ죬ΪҪɱأ
ǵãûŰ
ʵͰǰ첻Ƕɱ⣬һıѾáǿҲһɱͬΪĸ֣Ȼ͵Ϯ£
ϣʲô˼ûٹЩˣֻһؿķ򣬸ոŵƣҲȫûӰֻʣ޾Ŀ־塣
̧һۣЦ׳գôϵˣǸȦף
ʲôȦף
оɲôˡȻѾɱ⣬ҪٲܵĻٷְپҪ
һصߣЩǰҫȻû⣬صߵĶ֣
¶һ֣УҪ϶ˡ
ôΪ಻£ҪܣҲס
뵽ʲôҲ˲ˣѾȥҲһ֮ɫӡһᡣ
أȻ䣬һеԼ\ϵ׶Ͽˡ
\ҲȻһɽ㣬˲仯Ϊǽ˶Χ档ǹδӳȥȵ\ױʱ˻
ȥʱȴǵʱŵ겻꣬ǲǣ
\󣬾˲Ϣ֮䣬˰౶ǰ\\ֻǸСĻھһƬһ𺣡
ǿߣҲû˿֮ءƺֻҪմһ\ףܽȫվһ㡣
󷨸ǰȣֱ֮ͬһ󷨡
һ亹Ťͷȥӡǹӵϣô󷨵
ͬɻҲв⡣
Ц쿴ǹɱ֣׳գϷող˵ôϵˣʵϷΪסǣһӡٺٺ١ողǻôϷٿأ󷨵𣿺ߣʵ㣬ϷҲˡҴܼ׿Լ˵ҳϣ
ʲô
һ˴󾪡Ǹŵ԰ף㱳ȥ
ѵˣȻȫˣֱġ
Ȼ׿ǰʱ˵ҪļǿߣôҲû뵽ٻôǿǿߡ
ո֣Թԣ˲һļ壬ֱϱȼˣҲ̫˲˼ˡ
һ棬Ͻ˶УʱƣæһöҩǱܶÿ˷һţû£
һͷ£˱ܲ쿴
ʱģӰӳ˷ۿȥʱһ˴ʮ꣬ڷ룬ǲôϤֻҩüͷ΢壬оʶ
һˣǸ͹ǾΪꡣ
˼ɴһæóڤ׷ɱһԣȻûСӣħ׿
׿ƺҲˣ֣ЦǺǺǡλˣڴ˵Ⱥʱˣ
ɫ˱˴˶һۣЩơ
Ҫ֪׿Ǵֻǣɱ֣һλĹֶδĶ֣ο˼ҵͷ
̵ģСӦǹȥԸĽɫôˣ֪Ͳˣ
а̾޳ˡֻϣλոֿ֧Ԯǡ
֪ĸ֣һ׿Ͳ߷ˣѾ׹ˣʣһ
ԼѱأĻйǡ


193 
ƺ룬׿ЦһǴɷģƾǵǵӻмڳ֡һҪǽֵģǵλϣ
˵ţ׿ߵɣЦϣˣ
׿ܼҷģһﶼʲôϷһԶԸɴЦһٴչֳ˶ҩ档
׿΢һͷЦЦתʧˡ
ǣ˵ɫȴǱǰࡣνʿɱ裡ǵȷϣ֣Ҳδ׿֡
Ǿ׿ӣȻŭ
˵ˣ׿µ˭ȻҲţ˲Ƕ֪ѾʲôأûҲû͸ǰװƣΪ׿
ݺݵҧҧ˱˴˶һۣݺݵؿɡȻ壬¶һǷı顣
ͷɱ֮һˣҲͬһɱؿ
һЦһаĹâһߣϷ±ǵĵ
ŶǿҪʶʶô׿ô̥⣬ܳʲôС
˶һۣЦеĳ֮⣬Ρ
۾΢΢һУɵǻһĻȣôǾ͸Ϸ͸ɾˣϷΪɣ
ʲô
ЦȻֹͫһ˼صɴӿҩӶɳˡ
Ƕ֪ڻǿǱ׿ɱ˵İôֻö˶˵سһΪҵĵϣ
˺һ󣬱תΪͬҩϤɵˡ
ԷǸҩӦһܱ
ϸشãŵһгҩɳϣȻ㣡
һ£õҩϵ֤ʵвһ£ɫ׷
ѹͷҹȻЦǲҩǵȷǲô
ΪʲôΪҪѳҩɣǺӶ˶ȳ
ȴǼЦһ૵ǰĶҩɣѾڻǱ׿ɱˣڵɣһɣֺѳ֮˵ߣϷˣҩţǲлôߣΪϷ֪ϷѶҩǹѾʼű˰ɡ
һ£ĬԶԡ
龰˱֪ɲµʮа˾Ϊ档ҩ˼ʹϵ治ôѹѳˡ
ӣ˱˴˶һۣһɫ
ڼȻѾȫ˺ǱҲûɣͶˡʱ˿̣Ψг׻ɣƽ
ɶҩ¼ɵ
϶һŶϷͬһţǰסǶҼлѸ֮ƽɱҪ߲ƵĶУǾͺκεˣ
˴˸ɫС΢һͷһâ
һ̣һ̤һ֧֮㣬Ȼȥһƻ
ʱ䣬ɫĶͬһ߰㣬о˺ҧȥ
׸߼似ɰƣ
ǻĻȣɲмƲƲ죺ߣ߲ƶķҲϷǰʹ
䣬Ȼһƣɫ˲仯Ϊһ߲ʷ籩Ȼɫʳ˷飬͵ȥ
ߣҩ似似߲ƣ
ͫ͵һͷ˿˿亹ȴżΪ֪Ҫġ
ͻȻƿ죬Ӱ˲ࡣüͷһЦɣмˣûȶ߲ƵĶ֮УʧܡϷȻûʸ似֪似һҲҪǲƤ
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ƺ۶ķˣֻҪ׿֣ûн˵飬ȻһֽäĿΡΣﶼٹ̡
ƺٱǰĿؿ׿ų׿磬°뱲ӵҸͻ˰
Сƨëû룬°뱲ӵҸ׿ȻЦЦ֮ڷɽµķ۾΢΢У̧ȥ
ˣ
һ󲨶뵵ɢ׿߳ǰϸĴһ󣬱ȭҴܼң׿֪λǡ
ŶǶԪ˧Ľ֪ѣǰԮ¶·磬ˣһȭҽܵ
ţȵҲһȭ£֣
»𣡡ͷ췢Ĵ󺺣
ȻһӴӣһ񣬵ɽ
ֻɽĻ׿Ƥһɽгȴڲͣ˼
Ҳ˵˲١֮ս죬һϥӣȴΨĸӣսʵˡ츳˿֮֮£й֮
ˣս˳ΪԪ˧µģĻ
ϴ󣬶·磬伲磬ͻϮսΪ绢϶֣֣ģԾƶΪֻ»Ƣ𱬣޵УΪ滢ģɽɽһ˵أĪ÷Ϊɽ
֣սɱУȻϾ֮ơ
кüΣʵҪνΪ˧սƽų˧ȴǾܾˡԸ´ͷͻҲԸ۹ͷʨ
һֱĻڶս࣬Ӱ롣˵˵ĻǶս졭
̧׿תƺ˼ģ׿ܼҲĴѰˣֻҵˡǷǧԮԪ˧ҪԳЩܵ
ŶҲ˵Ԫ˧ЩʱգҲඣ׿Ȼص˵ͷЦЦǺǺǣ֪ˣһ֪ͨСүģǿԻȥˣ
׿˰֣תҪطһɶһۣȴȫסˡ
٣Ļ£ȥңҲܵû뵽ССǰ˵⣬ŶýɱŵĴˡ
⡭⡭д
һʱ䣬жЩŭ»ǻƢܲˣ׿ĹܼңǧԮǣǺ޸жҲˣŶǽ͵𣿡
ˣ
׿üͷһת´һۣЦ˵ԮģԮһǸһô죿ǰոսһأҪǳû룬Ǹ֣֮
ԣ˻ȻԭܼҲǣСĽ⵹⣬еŭҲһЩ
·ٴ֣һȭǶԪ˧½죬Ԫ˧һ䣬´ɽԲΪ飬ѵ㻹ŶԪ˧Ʒ𣿡
Ԫ˧ʯȫ£һءСүÿԡ㵻棬Ԫ˧尲
׿͵һ챧ȭȳһսԲзۣ˲һͷһͬ
ԭһ˰ǵ常ǾͲǧԮˡ
Ǻܿ죬׿ɫһ䣬۾ǣô֪ǲԪ˧ĻأϾͷðĶ̫ˣ
Ҷ´Ľƣ׿ܼҹĿ·óһͭӣ׿׿ȴѹһֻۣб۾ƲƲ죺Ӳ˵ôͷٵĶ̫࣬˶գӿӣëã
٣׿СӣҪĻݺ꣬û˵ðء㲻ʶǣֻ֤ªţʶǳ㲻ǽȥǲǣŲһ·ȥ⼸ܲӣ
»һ̲סŭǰ׿װʧӵ㿴㿴ԭα¶˰ɣ˵ǲðģԪ˧ξգôǿ˼Ժŵ֣ʲô𣿡
㡭»ͫһɣҧгݵ
·ȴüͷֹûУѵҪҶ¾ǿլ۵𣿡
»һͣ޺޵ص׿һۣȴȥҲǰˡ
·׿һǸǸ³çˣ׿ܼǧ⡣ֻأ
ţߺߣӸոջˣҺðûǽȥǸոǿ棬ǶԪ˧µĽ죿
ղһ죬·һ£ȫԶԡ»𣬿ͶԹ񣬸εֱͷ
׿һЦƲƲǸող˵Ԫ˧Ϳ쵽ôǾ͵Ԫ˧˸֤ɡ
䣬׿ת˶У뵵ٴεס˵ߡ
˻סȴѲӰ
ɱ˴˶һۣ˽ҡͷЦ
û뵽һ·⣬㵽ҲǹȴڷٳСǰ˱ŸʵǷ̡
ǻûʲôԹϾ˼ҸովһսСĽӦõġҪģ˼һԪ˧˷˿ĸƻԪ˧ڰе󰡣
ҡҡͷ»˶·һ۵磬ڸô죿
ô죬ȵٳǿջŰɡ·ʧЦһ
ǡԪ˧ˣҵս£˶٣ΡǼŶûô
ʵ棡Ƴ˶»һۣҲ򵥣Ԫ˧Գˣ
һݣĸ弶󣬽صͷ
ȲԶ֮أȻмܰڳĸ弶󡣵˵ĻһԮͱвҵͬСɡ
ɼˣھһս󣬿ǹܼҵӣƺδ˽ǣʾҵĵɲ⡣
˶ǾóȻܸܵؼǿ
һ棬׿ص󣬱㽫еȫټз츲صıÿ䶼ʼ任á
⽫ĻȥǸʱ׼Ͼ֮ĶսҪˣɾԲܷŹαȵĻᡣ
ûǱȡͬǱȣȴһ׿֣ȻңĿļͬ
Ҫöս죬ԶҰһ
ѿǶؿڷɽˣһɻ׿ǰ㡭ǡ
Ȼ˵ڣ׿һָС㣬ãС⼸ȫˣϽҶ飡
飿ʲôһȫˡ
׿һЦթͶã顭
磡
ٳﴦһڸͷϣɴһ磬ȫɵЩ䡣ңңǰˣٳǻжʱˣ
һĻһһȭԪ˧·̣ɵ
΢΢ͷüͷȴһֱţ૵Ϸսɳ꣬һôһССķٳǣо˲ء


198 ӭ
պ׿һСڣԼලƺ顣
ͻȻ˺һһ·Ƿ˵Ƶġ׿üͷһʶ쿴ȴֹסͫ͵һ
ôɣս񣡡
׿Ȼվȵ˶׼ˣٰܷȼ꣬Ϳһˣ
ǣ
Ӧ𣬷·׼ɢȥ׿ƺ¶һаЦݣСӣίˣһҪһ㣡
ƺһ૳׿磬Ҫô𣿡
˵أ
Ȼ䣬С׿Ц֮
ٳ⣬ֻɽĻѹǵǰǺƺƵһǰͦʿңңȥѹѹһƬߡ
ɽ𵴵ƣЩһȳġսɱ˵ͽ죬֣ưľӣҲִĸо
ǰλãǸڸͷ֮ϵĿߣȽȽӭƮ裬ȴ˿ɣһƲɵİ¶
֮ģԪ˧սս죡
Ȼʵֻأ㲻ҲǿĸӣҲ۷ʵ
ƾĶ´߼֮׵Ҳǣ˵ŵĸ߼֮вʵڶսĴڡ
ǣֻҪսһ£սʿһ棬ǹɻصǵոһϣҲԵ¡
ܹСսʿһ𣬷ӳĲս
ˣ֮ڣҶλԪ˧η壬Ҫ֮׵ة࣬𳤷磡
˭˶أӦǾ仰һһĭܰѾ
ĩˣӭԪ˧ˣæսǰ˹°ݡ
ս΢΢˵ͷôˣһƽ°ɡ
Ԫ˧һаã·һȭ֣ص
սͷһͺãüûûʶôû˵°ɡ
֮ǰƺϮ·һ૵
սüͷһһɵʲôôˣ٣Щʲô·ץûУµĿɺá
սʳһ⣬˱˴˿˿ȴɫ
Ķ֪ŶûȥǶ·ֻӲͷƤԪ˧Щ顭ȫȻ֪
ʲô
Ƥһս챩ŭȣЩ¶֪ǰ⼸죬ǸʲôԵģһҲûƽʱĸ
ԭ߽ʮ꣬Ϊ˷ֹȮִ֡ǻʵȴһֽگͣسԮٳǣ֪µҪԣƬ̵󲻵á
ԲֹһɳԼĸĸɽٶȳԮû뵽󣬴죬ȴɶ¶֪ô
ǣ⻹սµĻ
ߣһǺȾ£ˣź򣡡սһŭҪս֮ĸˡ
һæԪ˧Ϣŭǽͣ
ţͷβذȥһ顣º󣬶սȻŵؾˡ
ĸ弶ʽôƧս첻˼գգۣæʶ쿴ȥȻںڷɽĵʶʱ˻
սһ󾪣棺ѹˣ»żϷȻиӡ
³һս쿴ˣȻ弶ʽػǽȥҲ֮䣬ϷͲˡ
Ԫ˧˭˵ǽȥҪǴţĹƨ󷨣ȥˣ»һش
սͫһˣϷ¾УвãôլҪӲȥܻϷ棬ϷĹͷ
Ԫ˧㷢ɧ档»ƲԴٲҳˡ
˼ˣ͵Ц
ţֿսԪ˧ҹܼ˵˲ǽ룬⣬ƺȥ
Ŷ
սüͷһЦϷֻǷȥҡȻиӣϷҲҪһᣡ
˵ţһ̤ڷɽȥ˧ýڶϷʮⰲӪկ
ǣ
ȫһݣ죬·Ǹæϡ
»𼱼սߣѵԪ˧ҵĹܼСĵĺܣһʳʶ̣ﲻ֮ǧŭ
ߣΪϷⱩƢսȻһЦ»ȴƲƲ죬и̣ϵƢǱһ𱬶ˡ
ȣĵҿǹܼҲСģĿľҪԪ˧ʲôĿģǺܿˡ
ĸ֮УֶΪ侲Ҳ͸˵ĶԣҼϷһͼϷȥǾʲô
սһЦǰܿ죬˺ڷɽ¡
Ԫ˧սݻˣսźڷɽķ쳤Хǧ
ˣ
һռ䲨ɢ׿ӰǰֻһΣ׿ȴǹ֮ɫ
ûߵǰȻңң£Ҵܼ׿ݼԪ˧Լλˣ
ŶǸҹܼң˵ܽҵλó㶼šôһϷ򣬾ȷϷģϷҲǼð𣿡ս𣬴һЦ⣬Ծǰ׿ǰΪ֮
׿ȴ·ûװɵ㶵Ԫ˧ս˭ܼðˣðòҲðһսʤơðһƣҲԼðһսɱζ
ˣ溺ӣδϣ˭Уֻңңһţй˵ۻڱڡҲֻϾԪ˧ܴСȵСĶĳݣ糤ӷģϲ纣̱һʰ
˺ˣϷˣ׿û˵꣬սȻæס
ԭһСӣû̽ʵͼû뵽СӲƴڻһͨƨģԪ˧Ҳ̲סƤһأҲȥˡ
մȥõ鱨ţһѶѳƨֱͷθϼ켸ҹ
·ˣҲô˴˭Ҳûϵ׿ٴǣȻһӭӣõʻòˡ
սݺһ￴׿ǹΪ֮лʲΪ㲻ʲôһѺӪƨ
ЦһսؿһۣãƧиһСܼҶͣôλܼСֵܣϷڿɽݼ˰ɡ
ѹʱ
΢΢һ̣׿һ񣬶ս˦˦䣬̤ǰȥ
ڣȻоеһжи˰вٿأһӽǸˡû뵽˾ǰܼҡ
·Ҳ󣬶»·׿ʱɸ̧̧߰Դߣ֪˰ɡ
Ȼ۲ʶ̩ɽλ֣׿ȻЦЦ
תףһۣһȴʧЦҡҡͷ
Ƕ´еңѿ׿Ĺ졣룬ȴַˡʵڲеһлһ֮֡
ҪĻֱһ𳤷簡


199 ݸɵ
Ԫ˧룡
׿Ĵ£һ·˺ڷɽɽۡǵǰȴûгһһԻ͸ߴĸţӪһļԯš
ͬʱĺɱǶڡ
üͷһ壬˻һۣ¶˺֮ɫң«﾿ʲôҩ
Цһ׿˸ĶǺǺǡԪ˧֣ǰдϮңȫ¶ԴǻǣҹԪ˧սǷȤָһҶɣ£Ǹм
˵ţ׿ٴΰһݡ
սüͷһһ΢΢˵ͷһ뿴ڸʲôҲȷ̽̽ҵϸ
ûʵӣӱ߹صļ壬һʲôĴڡ
׿ԯţ˳ҸڡǴһǣҲűԯţҲûκνȫһʣֱҰоĶһ
û̶ڣ׿еķ䶼ˣоӪʣΪܹԪ˧ͬͬһ׽С
ֻΪս쳤оסӪʵʱ䣬±סľʯķ䣬ҪöࡣӪʣȻиС
ҲһƨͶãһƨˡ
ȻսһȦ󣬶˶򣬲΢΢˵ͷ׿Ҳɫֻ΢΢һĻȣǰ·
ܿ죬ҵ䳡ͳһƱһڲšд󲿷ֻֻͯһһʽȴʮ㣬ɷ˫ͫУǺɫ·ɳսʮϱһ
龰ǶսҲ̲סݡʵһ͵ĺͯеʮ꣬ĥ˼ģ
ʮ꣬ξзҲûа취һȺ±ڶʱڴӵ˼ɫϱ
û뵽ƧңȻȻɽг˰
ʱ˿̣ҪһǸˡ
֪Щ֮ͯԱֳԶεļᣬȫΪħɷĹϵ
Щ־ĺӣˣ۰׹ǣǽϣ׷ˡǰЩˣȫԵˣ־ܲᶨô
Ԫ˧һ壬ոѣֻʣЩбܽʵ˼ҼЦˡ׿΢һǷ̾ǫ
սȴǼ˰֣סЩСȻΪңǾеľбĻԭȵĻţ񲻶ǹţǻϷԮǣ
׿գգۣȻЦЦ
λԪ˧൱ʵϲģѹܹΪսˡȻһֱ
׿°ͷԪ˧Ըһ˽⡣
ôԪ˧벻ߴͽָ̣һǵĶɰɡ
ˣǰϷҲҰŪ˰֣սЦһ׿ܼңϷֻҵˡܹⲼĸ弶˵׾ٵؽЩ꣬ѵɾ֮ʦϷ԰ݼһ
һ·ʧɫ
ǵԪ˧սξһ;У˭ܳңڣԪ˧Ȼŵ˵ҪݼԾˡ
󾿾ǺηʥȻֻ͡ѵһӻͳ۷ս
ֺȻ֮ɫ˴˶һۣǵٿһЩһʱȴȫ̾˿ССһӻȷǵľǿˣѹԪ˧ᡭ
о˸˸׿һЦ΢΢˵ͷȻԪ˧˼УɣǼҲȼˡ
˵ţ׿·Ӫȥϡ˭ûиоһ·϶ڱ׿ǣűߡ
ߣ֮£֮أ֮ɲҲʾ֮£У֮Լƶ飺һԻԻ죬Իء
ͻȻһˬʵĶ
ս΢΢ֹֹ૳˱ʼƪеһΣ˭б飿
ŶҲˣүѾʮʱˣҲϢˣ׿һԴ·ʲôϸıȥķ򣬳һطȥƺ˲䣬ͽǸԺ
սˣһҲȥ
ܿ죬һСԺӳǣһͷһ룬˫ƽֱ˫ۺ˫ϣҲԷֻ룬滹峺ľҺ
ƨ棬һﭹⷢСذףֻҪһǷַӱյ³ɼˣȻһ߱죬һߴرб
ս첻һ㶣ɻ׿ܼңǡ
ǺǺǡҵүƺ
Цһ׿ȫ£൱ضԪ˧ս֮ȫСԾ»ҪԼүǱҪһѵһ߱飬պͶԪ˧£
սãգգ۾в⣬ôţƣͶҸʲôȫ¶͸һظУڸʲô
ţ׿ּЦһ̽Ԫ˧үͶ𣿡
ȻԸΪսɳ
ã̫ˣ
Ȼûȶս˵꣬׿һȣƺߣү㻹ŸʲôԪ˧ԸˣϽȥ谡
ǣ
ƺһͷ˷ܵ˳ȥͬһֻӳС㡣ǲˣʵˡ
սе㷢£ոҲһ˵ˣôҪͶϷﰡ
׿ܼңոǡ
Ԫ˧ʲôҲ˵ˣҼ֪Сүϴ࣬һмһӵġ֪ҼһԸġ
׿ŶսƣżỨϲˡս챾ܾĻȴҲ˵ˡ
ոôҿСҲҲԺΪվˡ̾΢΢˵ͷ
Ȼʱһ𣺡Ԫ˧Ȼ
תȥֻѲ֪ʱ˫̴ڣһ𾪵ؿȫض
׿̲סس˳飬૵øݼ
׿ܼңλǡ
ŶûϽܣǴС㣬ѣ׿ս΢һͷ˳ǰոյ齲һ顣
һԣ˫۷̲ס˷֮ɫƽյŮ緶
׿һ飬૵ˣϷͷˣ
һͣЩɫսǸصͷսҲ¶Цݣ⡣
ǣ·˿ѵȴʡ۶ð
׿һо۵ף°Ц
Ȼ꣬ĸһҲ١οѱѵõŮ
ǣ׿΢΢һУٴοսԪ˧үʵҵĴϲ¡ϲϼϲΣ
ʲôף
һ㶣ٿ׿ߵѣ·˵ɫЩΡսḧ룬ֿ˿ڴѵֻǣ֪˼
ģҵһͬ⣬ˣѼ
սٿˣֻƺЩȴ޷ԡ»ǹɿֱҪɽһŷˡ
ս˼һĸӣɱʮ꣬ѹҲóɸˡЦŵͷȻԸ⣬ϷȻ֮
һ·˵ݺһץȭ˷ܵȫ˶ֻǲ֪ˣ˭ȢλСˡ
׿оâ¶һЦݡ
ʱƺҲŲˣ׿ͷ㵱ϥأʸս졣
սϲ¾ˬҲû̫⣬һ
˭֪ʱƺڳ˶ڣƺμ常
ۣ
ս죬һ򣬸պȽ裬˲һβ©˳


200 ҪϱҪֵ
㡭ո˵ʲôսɴһ˫ָۣƺ澪ɫ·ˣҲǲɵش˴
Ԫ˧ոֻǴӦͷʲôʱΪˣ
ƺһȻر˱ȭ常𣿡
ǰԪ˧ո׿ڴӦ˽һôѵԪ˧ݣôһСҲҪ𣿡׿°Цһ
սɴ۾˺һŷӦѣֿƺ
԰׿ܼҵʱֻ˵ףȴû˵͵ĽסƺΪ常Ҳǽ׵ķʽ
ֻǵʱֻڳǱʶΪѽˡ
Ȼؿƺһֻۣڵϥأ˫ַϲյϸʽ𣿰Ϸʱôûעأ
սһͷ׿Ц׿ܼңԭ˵ף
ȻҪԪ˧Ϊʲô
ϷΪ˿һɻѣֿ˿ĸֽɫӣս̾ϢϷ򡭡ҲΪ
ԣ·˶ʱɫһ壬׿ȴǴЦֵ̫ˣСүϽٸ常ͷ
ǣƺһϲ̵ظ£졣
սǿЦֱҡͷԭԼָϱģ˭ϱûţȴܵܡ
Ҳûа취ףͻȻڣ˵ҪĲСӣСǿŮ֮ӣ
սһ䣬´ôΪ˰ܻһ
ˣСʲƳˣµ꣬ҲԺϷµһأ
սùҹа룬ſƺɫһƺ常ҪҶ¼ҵĹءϷһ˽Ҷ¾ֻҪϷսײֻܳϷԪ˧ܳ常κΥ֮£ϷȻ£ƫ̻һ㣬Ըĸѯһ¡
ǣ常ŶԪ˧ƺһȭ˷ܵ
սصͷСӻ飺УΪϷӣ󲻵üٽϷ¡һ֣նģ
ǣԪ˧ƺһЦ
׿Цһս챧ȭϲԪ˧һλӡԪ˧үһʧġ
ţ׿ֿ·ЦϲλֵһλεյֵܡպҼүҪλչˣǺǺǡ
˿һϲЦտ·ѣֿ׿Թ֮ɫ
ѾѾ޵ģѾֵˣ㼸򰡣ѾҪٶֵˡֻҪϱ
»˫ȭգо
Ҳ̫ǶˣûǸ뷨һе𶼵ȼˣȴһܵܣ
붼ᰡʮսɱͦˣȴһ㶼սˡ
ƺǵ˼׿һۣһĴָȻʧЦû뵽λСͦô۶ףͰ˹ˡ
ǵذԴ׿¶һĵЦݡ
˸Ǵض㣬ʹϧ
׿ܼңϷƺΪӣǷȥҼˣʱս쿴׿ʵ
̲ס˶׿̾ͷǰҲԪ˧ˡ
ͬʱѺƺҲ¶˱ɫ
սһԣֻǸ׿һȥ
һӵĹ˱һǰ׿ÿǽ롣Ǹһȥս˱Ȼһ
Ǵм̨ϣȻһλŵҼ䡣
һƳĶԪ˧ˣһܸ˰ɡͨһ׿λ֮ǰأһࡣ
Ѻƺ˫Ŀ죬ֹס
׿һģϷϾǵĸףǰλҲǻʵĴڡ
ٰλûиˣ
սǱ˴˿˿ȴ𾪡벻ٳһսȻײУսˡ
ǻһ
ҡҡͷս̾Ϣλǰһ㡣һֱΪҼսģҲЩΡ
׿ܼң֪ɽĸ弶Ƿ֣֮սλ˰ݺ󣬿׿ʵ
׿͵վ̧ԴǵȻȻǼֻǶ͹ǾΪĵһĸ弶ʽǼǰ
ԭˣҲѹֱ»ϷǧԮǣսһ̾һ
弶󷨣ﵽվҲδܲ͸һ͹ǾȻĸ弶󷨣ʵǧš
ϧ͹ǾϾʵ̫ǳٿ弶󷨶ԵУ̫ǿҲġ
ս·Ѿµ̾Ϣҡҡͷϧ̫ϧˡţϷ뽫УıպսȮ֣Ҿ͸ʤˡ
üͷһ׿ࡣҺûгģȻǱϼһץȥͷɣգ
ˣϮҵľĻˣȻײУսˡͻȻսɱȻغʵ
ֻǱʵٻңȴ֪˭
׿һаЦºðˣǳ̾ɥԪ˧֪ʵ̫ײˣʵֲǺڷɽʮҶڱɱһ򶼲ˡ
ڱݵƺѶ˲һ㶣׿ºա
׿ʲô˵ۺڷɽһ˲ʮҶ˵ҪôҶʲôҲ𰡣
սȴȻһŭڣȻԵĴˣϷλسҪǳһ
常Ԫ˧Ϊƺһתưݵ
ҲǼæ£ݵԪ˧ΪСŮ
ǷģϷݲɳӣһΪֻعսһ˦䣬ȳ
·ûץסƺѵı۰򣬽Ƿ𣬵һ˫۾ȴֻǶѿǺǺǡǷģ˵ƺѾǵܡûκιϵִˣĻҲŹǡ
˼ˣͫһݲؽҧ
ϴϴֻ찡ңôû뵽ƺǵܵܺǲǸл׷
ǺһĶＷȥһ˫˫צƺҪӽοʡͬʱ˫۵·磬·˵ſǸ
ʱ׿ȴͻȻܳ·ֽӹݺҡҡȻһһ˵צǵּΪжλ֧֣ȫ¸м
ǺǺǡӦõģӦõġ
㬵س˫֣Ȼ΢ЦȴǰŭҪյǴСȣѾһܼҴʲô
ߣɨˣ
ۿһУս˼˵ΪΪĸӣܳɹ׷󵽹⵱常ҲҪһܵˡ
׿ܼңЩ˾ʲôˣϷʹɨƽǣսŭһݣһ
׿һȭ޵Ԫ˧ȻսŷǷʵȺ֮һڤȡԪ˧ضңǸƵطΪƽأһ
ȵȵȵȣ㡭˵˭ս켱˰֣ͷ亹
׿һͷЦڤȰôԪ˧ѣ
һͣսպݺݳһ¡
ѣֹѣ߼ңǿ㶯˵Ĵ𣿾Ҳҳң
սḧͷа̾
ոպڿˡ˭뵽εĶأѹֱ»ԮˡȷҲû˭ܹƵҵˡ
£ôǰ֪һϳءڿɺãȥţû취ջˡ
׿ƺϣĿ⣬սƽһһ죬εƲͷȥ˶ӡ


201 ֤
Ԫ˧֪ʱǿɷڲ࣬Ϊź׿գգò˫ۣ֪ʵ
ս콩Ӳ棬ϼϺݺģ֧֧ȴǲ֪ôش𡣸ոջҪҳͷأȴҪԪ˧ô˿ڣ
常е֮һת׿ܼңȷڤ𣿿ʲô֤ݣϾƾ޾ҳ֣»ڸ
ǰϷҲôΪģ
ս켱æعͷؿ׿ˣһŵʵǣ֤𣿡
˴˶һۣ׿˷׷üͷЩϮҳϹȫǸϾɱ֤ݣ
һ׿̫ܵ죬ûκƾ֤
ԣս첻ɳһص˵ͷ·һʯͷЦȻû֤ݣϷҲ
ǡ
Ȼ׿һתսٴνЩȻܵÿ죬ǱصҺԭϲٸӣΪǵӦȴǱץˣӦ֤ɡ
սһת׿֣ƵʹɫĻ֮Ϊȵǽʱ򣬼Ҫ֤¾棬Ҫ˳ȻذƵ͵ÿˡ
˼һ΢΢ҡҡͷһӦڤӴŵļˣΪƾ֤
ѽ
սһţҡҡͷ̾ϢϷ򲻾ʵ֤̫ˣ֡ĻϷһʥϣ׼ڤҵĺȺ֮׳
һ֮󣬶ս쳤ְһĴָ
΢һף͵Ц
λԪ˧Ȼһ𣬵Ҳçײ֮ˡҪҲͻ
ѵ
׿ȴô࣬ҲҪֻҪĵСսҲԸڤȶԵУôͷ׿üͷ
ôöսȺ˵أһЩСĦҲǺܺõİ
ΪĻ͸ٳһսһˡҵĶԹתսҵĶԹ
ôҾܰȼˡ
׿ô࣬ҪһڤȣǸʵʡ뾡취öսΪҳ棬˶֪Ҫ붯ңȹ˶սһ˵
ڣ϶ȴȻġ
۾΢΢һУ׿תת֪ڴʲô̡
׿ܼңǵ̽ӷ֣ڷٳϿ֪ʲôͻȻͳ촳ʣ
׿üͷһս˿˿߳⣬쿴ȥ
ֻƿ֮УתƺͷĲӬ㣬Ҳؼҵ·ˡ
Ѷ򣡡սһȥջأ˭ĴѶ򡣡
ǣ·һȭȳ
ǣշȥը֮䣬һӰǶȻƿգգۼ㽫뻳Уַ˻
ʱ򣬶ս˲źȻ֣׿ȻֻǶ͹ǾΪǾȻշ裬ٶȿ֡
Ҳת·ǻһ㡣ⲻ棬˵ļܹ弶󷨣Ѿ˾̾ˡ벻ôһСܼңҲȱ£ʵ̾Ϊֹ
Ҫ֪׿ٶȿǶڽֻУ֪ǺַӦ
ϧǳսջسã֪ǰҸ嵨ͣǶôµĴڡ
ЦЦ׿Ƚݲһ飬ȴأȻһаĻȡ
Ԫ˧Ҫ֤ôˣٺٺ١
üͷ΢壬սɵؽù쿴һȴ˲ɫֹסش
ҵˣôǰҲˡ
ûڤȡҩͿҵļĳϹ͵Ķ
ԭѶ򵽴Ŀĵغ󣬸ҳԼҶ־ܻաʱû˻գ̻һʱ󣬱صԭ
ϧҰڷٳǵĳϹȫˡûлղ˵׿;ˣĳ˶ս첻ò֤ˡ
Ԫ˧֤ݹ𣿡׿бЦһؿս졣
սҧҧˣ
֤ݣ֤𣿡

ôʲôʱڤȣ
սһͣϺȻһһ£ϷҪ׿ϡģϷһ֤գһ
׿ͷϲЦտֻҪѾˣԪ˧ǲǷ㣬ҩһˣ㿴֤ɻָء
սһͷ󣬰ڤһѾͬСɣѾҩͿһ죿ɴǧǰһ߼Ҵսòã
սЦ૵Ϸһһ£þ
ŶҲã׿ͷ˼һܿ·һµԪ˧ȻϻسҪһӴһɣ
ʲôУսһĿɿڴҾҵļҰ
׿ӣЦе鷳Ȼ֪Ļʹûʲô֤Ԫ˧ҪβĻˡ
ڤĻʹ˭սͫ΢˵ж˲
һЦ׿ÿɷҡҡͷǺǺǡԪ˧˵ǸֵһᡣǶСС˵ȴȻˣҲֻԪ˧ܱӻǡ
˭ս켱ʵ
ţ
˻
һֻս죬ĻҲ뾪ˡҾͱ˶찡ļҲ˵лһǿĵţ
ǣս첻µţƴҲʧذ
Ķ´Ǳģڶ
Ԫ˧ôˣ׿գգ޹Ĵ۾һãص
ս˰֣ĸӼȥٳʲô۶ӣţϷҲסˣȻӪЪúһйؼѽϷôôҰ
Ԫ˧ˣոǼǰŵģҪֻع׿һ·ͳˣ
ƺҲ常Ԫ˧մӦġ
ˣϷ˵ĻһֻǡϷú˼һ¡ϷھʮĵؽפϷڣû˸Ҷǡˣʹ˸ǰɡ
ս켱˱ȭҲƵˡĻؿһۣҲϽǰȥ
һ̵Ĺ򣬱ȫûӰ
ʧķ׿һЦȻԪ˧û濪սҲ֤ᱣȫҲ
׿磬ʱƺ׿ѵһҪԪ˧ȥ𣿡
ǵȻսݺһĻսܱһҲĸ
ȥǺ𣿡
׿Цһ૵׻˵вӸҪȥ
Ϊξͱȥ
бһۣ׿ս쵱ȥÿʮʱѡһ¡
ȥɡƺԴһŵܿˡ
͵͵һЦ׿һ૵׿ոա֮£λԪ˧ˣΪϹϵҼ޳ȥ𣿡
Ҳɣ׿Ȼصνλһ˽ҰһҲǴ׬ˡҪĻǾͼǸ»Ϊ³çãһš
ȥ׿û˵꣬ͫһɣŭȳһһŰɽȥˡ
׿һԶȥıӰʲô⻹ΪҺã˵˭Ǽް
˻Ѻݺݶ˶ţȴǸˡ
һ棬ս˼ɽ׿׷ʲôҪ
ͻȻͣ½Ųüͷ΢Ԫ˧ôˣ
һͣսͣϸ˼ŷ֡ǵڷɽתһȦʲôûŪȴ˸ӣŵһѣȫҰһ
ǣҪһĴң
ףô£
սȫԴԵøãˡ


202 
º׿һСУĴѵõ͵øС
ЩʱҴСС飬ҪܵΪִһĴܼң뽫鶼׵Ҫ쿴ͰӰӵȣԼʱ䷴ˡ
⣬ƺ˶ս常һ£ʱСү¾ĴӪ顣
ȻսһʼеִҲÿСӻ飬ӾˣֵͷĻģΪϲ֪ҵĵҲֻϡͿˡ
ںƺֱסʮĶ´Ӫˡһס졣Դˣ׿ȴҲ˲١
常ӣʵˡ
ͻȻ׿͵˫ĿһаĻȣ૳ٺٺ١ûͷϼһȥ벻ǵˣ⣡
ӣ
ವһ׿ܳ⣬ȡͳ󣬲ɸæȭ׿ܼңкηԸ
ȥһ˶¾ӪͷԮ˵ѣ
ʲôеϮĶȥͳ첻һæȥ
׿ݺݵһԴЦȥëߣǸͷôʲôȥԮ
ͳһɻԴв⣬ǼȻ׿ô˵Ҳֻȥհˡ׿һɲ⣬һо϶ĵֻҪ˵;û⡣
ͳеر˳ȥ׿Цһŷٳſڣȥ
ͬʱಣƿǱ󡢻¥ͽ䵽˷ٳſڸ
ңң֮ڣѳ֮̾ɫǵ֪ǶûУϣûɡ
ھĵģ㶯ҲѶˡֻǡǱݷɳһ૵ٳ߼ҽأǷҪȥ쿴һ
һʱ䣬˶˳Ĭ֮С
ڤЩôȥģǲ֪ǾԲô߽ȥġҪǽǽȥ˴ټұʺҲͿ۵ǵͷϡ
ʱôǵŻͻ˷ѣǾǡǡ˵ŵ˵Ȧס
ȥǲֻܱȣ֮
̾һͷȣ뻢Ѩɵûӣߣ
䣬ȴ໨ĵλ¥ŷǰݷɺлХ˴˶һۣҲ΢΢ͷȥ
ȻǳӣүǣѵһŮ
˲ٹʲôҲʲôȦףأȻٳͦ
̾ǸϷվסͻȻһȴ콵£Ӱǰסǵȥ·ϸȥȴڤȡҩͿ׷
̾۾΢΢һУȻĹʲô˼
ٺٺ١ǰ˵ǵ˼ףϧˣһЦɽϲ˶һۣЦ
̾üͷһĪǣѾ
֪ԮҵġǣǷɵٿ죬ѵдѶ𣿺ߺߣʵǰɣϷƲǰϷǱڷٳǵѾõǵĴѶҶˡڵңѾʬҰ˰ɣ
ɽһЦϲˣҲЦ̾ݷɵˣɫء
һĻ͵ÿǱߵķӦˡҪǻȥǵŵ޹˼ɡ߼֮ҪԸģҡ
ʱ䣬¥ǱңǰδеΣ
ȻʱһȻЦȴǶȻ˶ڣ˼ҪʧˡֻûһֻѾһûˡ
Ȼһ˲ŵת׿ȥȴһаȵпڳǰ¶Цݡ
׿׿
һϲȻСӦðȻˡɽˣȴͬ˹һ㣬ɫɷס
ڤ⣬ǵһμ׿ڤ׷ɱϵФȻһϳ
㡭㲻Ӧڻسǵİ;бɱôôᡭɽһ£˼ؽе
׿оһţаЦŶ˵Ǽϲİٺٺ١ûһģȫӴˡ
ʲôôܣɽ˲һ˴˶һۣɢŵɫ
˵ڤȺͿɳȥλϣǼϵĸ֡⣬ɻеŵλ۷ֲӦ
˵һ͹Ǿˣ˾صĸ֣Ҳñô׵رɵأ
ƺǿǵ˼׿ҡҡͷЦΪϵߣǿ𣿺ǺǺǡϧӶ̫ʹ
׿ָָԼԴ¶֮ɫȣֵϣȫơֵʱ򣬻۾װƵģǱ߶ûֱ֣Ӿǣ۾ˡٺٺ١Ҳпصģ֮壬ȻһȺӣ
ۣ
ĵ¥໨¥̲סЦּ磬ȴͨ죬޵
ɽϲǱĵؿԹ֮ɫѾȥĶʲôˣ
ڵţߣϴ󵱹ˣȻӣô׺ӵ𣿷ӵˣ³ʲôλҲӦ˽£Ҳ͸ˡ׿ӣŵ
΢΢ͷŵȷë۸ڶʵ̫ǿҲͲʲôˡ
׿﷭˴
ڤȵϺĳأôˣɽһŭ
׿˻֣аЦĹĪǵôһˡҲܹң˭ǸãһԺûѡҺĺһ·Ҳһ룬ٺٺ١
ʲô
ɽһ̲סȻѾ뵽˽׿׿֤ʵԽ̵ʵ
ڤ壬ȫֹѾ׿һۣû뵽Ҳɥ£ŭȳ׿ϷƲ
Уӱ͸ƲмƲƲ죬׿˿ں
һУ̾ݷɡлХ˿˿ȫǺɫһʼλϱɱǻû
Ͼ׿ڻɱˣһˣ¡
ڤȺ͵ŵĳҲȫɱڤɳĻλϣǶ˵ʵǱͨԳ廹Ҫǿ
ɴ˿ɵãɵĳϣʵҲȻ
ɼˣֽɱһˣȻɱˣûһƣ¶˵ˡ
ǳ̾ոѵôҲ벻仯֮졣ҵϲƣ۸̶ֳȣ
磬ȻҪһķ籩ˣҵĵλٴϴơ
̾Ƥ˶ؿ׿һۣо˸


203 ٻ
׿СӣϷɥ˴
ǴӾĵظ﷢ĺа㣬ɽ׿ȫѪ졣ϲˣҲȫ޵ҧгݣһɱεɢ
ݷɸлХ˴˶һۣ°Ȼ׿Ǿ͵跨ͬ˼Ҳڳ̾ǻΪ˻¥棬׿ܱ׵س
ʱ䣬Ҽ̥˴ȴȫΧ׿һ˽С׿Ҳ˿壬һԾ֮󣬶ɽһָƵǼϲģɱӰڱĵطǶһëοӵĵ̣ҺΣ
׿
ڣɽҲܲס׿ƣŭһ˽̤ȥ
λֳɱƣȻ׿ҲɵϢһ͡
̾һæҪֹɽǣȴд㡣
߲ƣ
һҩϲϺת˫ɫ˲佫̾˵ȥ·£һֶҲ´󺧣ˡ
ã쳷
ʶ࣡ϲЦһذ˰Դǳ̾ɽȻ嵽׿ǰȴ´󼱡
׿ɱô֣Ҳӭս£ض͵Ϯ֡Ǵʱ˿̣ɽһȺȴ˲Χȥ
־֮£׿ͨ챾£Ҳ˿·ԡ
׿ȴ˿¶һ˿Цݡ
һŭɽͻȻһ˿ǾΣȴ˿ûͷ
ݣ
ͻȻƿ죬һУٳſλãȻһ⡣ɽϾҪ׿ǰʱȴǶȻһըֲ˵ʱ˻ȥ
ͣΣһȴֱֱزһʮߵɫһ߳߳ĵѶϣ߳ĵзѪĹâ·ҪǰһУնɱһ㡣
ңĵϣӰ
Ȼһɽ뾪гƷնµ
ɽû뵽㻹ϵϷаһϵĴЦ𣬶սΰλǳһࡣ
һᣬӴаγХղֹ
Ļƺ׿ǰһԶԻĿͬƵؿɽˡȫƣ
ͷһ亹ɽû뵽֮Ԫ˧սս죬Ȼٷٳǣôؽ硣
̾ˣҲȫˣ˴˶һۣɻ
Ԫ˧ǸСӵĶԹϣϲҪ֣ɽüͷ΢΢˶һصص
ǳ˰Ȧս쳤ХЦϷطٳǣϷ򳷾ߣɽδ̫ҵȨ˰ɡ
ʲôȻǻ
ɽ͵һֺɫλһۣ˵Ķ˲ʱ˹ȵס
Էٳǵж̽ҵߵġڷٳǽˣҲŲʣǾͿԸ޼ɵؽиҵ̼ƻȫҵ̬ȡ
ڣʵ۾Ȼսսӱ߾˻ԾΪ߼ңǰһ㡣
һΣϻƨˣ
ɽ̾һίƨֲģʵǵűİ
ڳ飬ϻɽŴһ壬Ļ󡣻Ҫѵģ˰
һʱ䣬ɽλ˴˶һۣˮ޴й
̾Ǽˣȴ´ϲ֮ڣӲһءҲһЩˡ
룬һͳ߼ҵ̣Ż
˺һɽתתս죬ȭԪ˧ȻԪ˧طٳǣȻԽ׳ذ벽׿Сɱϣڤ峤ϵһۣǱϡҵȴã£պһ𡣡
ȻڷٳǶˣǰ׿Ҳɽ°
üͷһսŵתͷȥƺǸʶ׿㣬˼˵ġģ
ĻҲһ𺧵ؿ
֮ǰֻǰ׿ҵһܼҰˣҲ̾ͣܳΪһܹܣȷѵá
û뵽СӾȻţƣҵĳ϶ɱ˺üˡ
Ҫ֪׿˵ҵĳϣ߼ǿĵŵүһǷǾðӵɳɡ

׿һۣسΣȴǲûӦƺ֣һ̤ǰŰָɽıӴƨ֪ӸԪ˧ʲôϵô͸Ԫ˧ӽȥʵǳıӵˡ
˲һ˴˶һۣȴȫԺˡ
սһһӶڱ߽սѾ˸Ӵŵģиë߹ϵ
ƺ룬׿ЦһƺļߣªţҼүƺǶԪ˧ĵӣ
ʲô
һ뿴ս졣õս֮Ķս죬ȻһҵүӣҲ̫Ų˰ɡ
ǣʵʵȻֻ˰¶ѡս죬ֻӲͷƤ˵ͷ
һ£˸Īˡ
ҿ϶սôֱҰ֦ͷˡ۳ҺͻҲһ㲻ˡ
Сӣְ̫ƺ֪׿Ҫʲôսһ
׿ÿɷЦЦٻشɽʲôˣõҴܼңүСĸԪ˧ӽ͵үӽǾ൱ڣԪ˧λһ˵Ԫ˧ӦүӦ´ʦӦ𣿡
ԣһա
һ˵£ôͺͰʦĶ´ϵһˣ׿Ҳ̫ܳ˰ɡ
У㻹Ԫ˧ҽȥߣڤȼңǰնҵĴɱô㣿׿ض㣬ʮҶԩ갡ôˡ
ۣ
ɽһѪûҺͲ̼Ҷڷٳǰŵ̽ӣԶҵĵϸ֪һġ
һ壬ʮҶⲻǺ˵˵𣿱˵ңңҲûôҶ
Ȼ䣬ȫһ飬Դһͷ߽¡ݷɵ׿õˣʱҲһҡԴϴɵһƬ
Ѿ߾ߣҲԵ̫˰ɡ
ǣ׿꣬ԵĶ֮⣬ɶǣӢΰʥաʥ˵߼ҽǻ⵷ңû˼ҷ췴
Ԫ˧ҾƤ·ı֮ն࣬ǣҲȫΪ
ǰ常Ըǰ䣬Ϊ̤ƽڤȣʥղʧ常Ҿ֮ģ˳ޡôʱƺҲһȭټһѻս
ս첻һͣ´Сһһ͵ģô˵ڤˣɲǿЦģ´ҵİ
ɽҲȫסˣֻҪ׿һ˶ѣôö˶˵ľ͸սҪˣҪİʦ
һɽ˻࿴˿ͷ亹ٲ¡
ҪսԴһȣСӵ⣬ĳĻڤǧҵɾҪȫһ˰


204 Ⱥ
Ԫ˧ĪСҪԴΪذҲ뿴´ңľɡ
ɽæսһȭϲҲȫԪ˧ɫһš
սҳڤȵĻһֵˡ
һʱ䣬˲ƺҪһ㡣
ս߳ĺ벻˶Ҫ֣׿ȴȻһЦߣĹôĿԪ˧˾ͽˣԪ˧Ͳ㵱Ұ´Ǽҵİɴһˡ
Ϣһͣɽݺݵص׿޵ҧгݡжսڳĻ޲óȥС
ͬ˼Ҳڶսת׿һŶģźٻս˫ȭ̲ס߬ǻҪˣҪСӡ
ϷĶ´ģҲ׿ѾһСܼңƾʲô´ҫģһõңⲻΨ²ô
ҺɽͶս춼֪Էʱ˼Ȼһļϣ׿ͳˡ
ڴڵش˼ڴԼƽɽǷ߼ҵļ̬սһȭɬԪ˧վ͵ǸһפطٳǣȻֺ̤׿׿СӣҲҪˣ͵ϸӣ֮¾ʹգɺã
СӿɱǡڤһɴгȴǱɽһŭȶ˻ȥ죬ûжԪ˧𣿡
һͣ峤Ͽ˿ս죬ֿ˿һм֮ɫ׿ҧҧһţʵŤͷȥ
ƺҲܵڤ˵ί˵Ҳִ󣬶ս쳤̾һ΢΢˵ͷ
Ȼ˶ƽϢ£󶯸ɸ꣬׿ȴȻ˫Ļ𲻹ҪټһͲɡ
ڶս컹δ˵֮ǰȳЦĹ׵˽£ʵ̫ˡѵˣǰ˵ɱӣʮҶԩꡭ
סڣ
ǣ˵ȥսɽǲԼͬ뱩ŭԴ׿֪ŭˣܹɵغһʲô¶û·ոսҲһ
˼ˣ뺹ա
СҪĶϣܼһˡ
սһ촽׿˲һֻɵèӣղŰĲһ㣬Ҳ֪˵ʲôˡֻпЦһɽȭĹͰ˵İɣմ¾ôˡϷĹһ䣬Ȼĵģ벻Ҫ£
Ԫ˧Ҹ棬Ϸˣǣɽֱ˱ȭϲһȥֻû߼ȴֽһͣĵԪ˧֪Ԫ˧ٳǵ·ϣɷҹ֮ˣ
⡭սһҪҡͷ
׿ȴ۾һǧѷʱǰһаЦĹԪ˧λսõżЩ𣿺ǺǺǡȰȥǺúչһǵļҾɣͬʱҲԼһ£ٳǲ˭߾ߵġ
ۣ
һ٣ɽһѪ̲ס˳˫ĿȻͨ졣
ս죬湻ġʣˡ
ԭɽսǱڷٳǵ˵ǶսʱսȻԸ֪һС
׿ȴһ㣬ػҲǳ
ڶս쿴仰ģɣ·ڿĸʵǿɽˡ
ֻɽйؼĸսս춼òżڤȵˣ֮⣬ǽƾĸӣͽ˽
һ仰ۣǰʾǣǵ˶ս촦ˣѾҲزȥˡ
ʱ䣬λͫʼѪ˫ȭָ߬׶׿ԤƵһ˵ɷŭٳңȫָ˶սϡ
ǿλϣλһʧȥ֣ܵˣ
Ԫ˧һߣδҲ̫ˣ
ҧҧɽŭһշ𣬵ǿȴ˻֮ս죬ǺڡϷͲţԶս񣡡
٣˰ɣԪ˧һϾԣ׿⺿е
սĻǱ˴˶һۣнһƬã֪׿ұ˺ڹ
֣ôͻȻôԹˣ
սź룬üͷ壬ȴôҲ벻ףֻҡҡͷ̾ϢĲŰ
ǣ֪͸úúýѵһٲǣ»ŭ
û磬ҪС͸ȥǣ
ˣˡƺϷô˵ģϷȥҫСսƺһۣ´ǿ𣿡
ƺ˵ͷҳ׿ȴǵЦһԪ˧Բӣ߼ңСǲȺòã
սһҲеǺܿ㷴ӦŭĿ׿㣬׿ܼңոԭƽ͵ذȰأһֱǵľ㡣㻹Ⱥ壬㿴ǿȺ壬Ѫˣ
һȫһЦһԿһе໨ĵλ¥ҲȫЦ·ֿ˵껨ǵǸ
׿ÿɷʼ磬ٳˣԪ˧ķŭ
˼սŽƽϢеŭ𣬶̾ǣȭλظȺ˲ͬµġҲ̤ٳǰ벽
ǵȻ̾΢΢
ս˵ͷ󣬱ĻطȥߣӪ
һ£Ԫ˧ЩҪү棬֪ܷ񡭡
׿һۣս΢΢ͷãСӽҲϷһͽˡߣϷҲ뿴ˣ
䣬ս˲ʧӰƺһһǵؿ׿׿磬常ǲˣ
ܷģԪ˧˼Ӳ۰㣬˾ûˣʱдֵЦ
£ƺŷ
ɥսദ⼸İԪ˧ɸһˡ
ͷſģ׿ݷɡ̾ǰЦλþò֧ԮҵİɣǷģûˣ
׿ϵܳȻŴЦһŸ׿ֵܵܣһ£λǸݷɣλǽ
һһܣ׿ƺһһ
̾ǰʱ׿δݼ̾Цŵͷ޵ǵ۹ⲻ׿ܼ˫ȫȷһ¥Ů

׿һ㶣ЩĿ⣬οЦҡҡͷ


205 Զ
ѣҩҳԣɲ˵۾΢΢У׿ɫѸȥǣƿҺһϵûУպҪ¡
̾һ㶣Ĳ⡣¥ֲʲôˮޣＱƲϵңԳǵ֮ˣŮôô
ݷҲǱ˴˶һۣɻǰһƯϱ͵㻳ֲǰһҩУôᷴӦô
ĵ¥Ƣ̲ȥ׿ǶһƬģôԵ𣿡
ߣʲôԲģüͷһ׿ͦŴȳ¥Ӿȵģ̫ҲӾȻģӸǷǵģ
ĵ¥һͣȫȴԶԡС˵ģеʱ˿Ҳ˵һ仰
̲̾סݺݳ˳飬ݺһͷһαָűӴأǱ׿ôһëͷСӡ
˵ĻеСҲ׷ŹûûССӣѵһ£˻浱¥۸ء
׿ȴһһѣ˵λĺ˴ţּ꣬ƻľöսڤһϡͿؽӡ
ʵǹթ˵ҪǵߺߣԺкùӳˡ
ĳ̾Ȼ֪ʲôά棬ʲôĴڣ
Ȼ׿ֲɵ֮ˡ
ֻҧҧˣ֣׿Ϊἰ£͸ըҩͰһ˭˭
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ݷεЦЦæԲǺǺǡҶԼˣαΪС´󶯸λأ֮ҪļҵΣѣ򲻿£
˵Ķԣոͻˣ׿ܼҼ£̾һЦ׿΢΢ס
׿ת׿һۣͷ
ѹƳλӣȷ졣ոյûйϵΪ˻¥棬ȴȻķ棬ʵѵá
׿Ҳ飬æǰ³ç¡
̾΢΢ͷЦĵ¥ȴŭȥ
յüλۼһͬµ飬Ȼˣ׿һۣɫһࣺȻˣǾͱļһµġ˵ǶǱƵһˣòˡ

׿䣬̾ǽŵлողμ˵ŵ߼һ飬׿ܼҵһ㣬Źһͳ߼֮ģڤѾ˵һߡ
Ŷ߼һ飿ô£˵˵׿۾һæʵ
̾һͷϸؽвƵĵطݷɺлХٲ䡣
˽һ֮׿üͷ壬ǰȥ૳˵ڷٳôûŵԭˣԪǸ
ߣʲô׿磬ڤ̽ҵߣԼȴ棬ǵСƺЦһмƲƲ졣
ԣ׿ȻʧЦȻСӣӵøһˣԺ֣˰
ԵңɱһӣȻûбףһȺٳ׷ɱӣ˵ԳȣʹʧһӺһûƵģű𣬻뾡̽ҵĵߣ˵ĻԶ󣬷ǳǸɴµˣӦеӡ
СӣԺ̳Ҽ֮λʵȲᣬļҲ˵һҪסһ㣬壡׿аЦһƺԴ
󣬽һգ֮ôò˵׿˵Ļԡп磬ʱۡ
̾ؿ׿һۣƺʲô΢΢˵ͷ
ϸ˼һ׿ˣĿǰ˵ҼȻ̬ȣô⼸ҾʱȫˡңԪ˧͸Ӱȫˣ
׿һЦ˿治֪ʲôʺˣ˶սߡ
׿ֵܣʲôʱսϵģڷٳô꣬ô֪̲סʳ˿ڣҲæ
ô˵أ
׿˰ͷ¶һǷģƺҲǶ˶ӣһĵɫֱһ׿
̲סһ飬ѾװˣһһһСͬʱװ
ǺǺǡǸԪ˧ʶҲ¶ѡ̶ʱϹϵֻ˵ûҰ첻ɵ£׿аЦһ
ţƺҲǹЦһһ㣬ǾǱү̫㣬˿Уոӣոͽܣǳ°
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ɷϵǣ̶̰¾ͽԪ˧Ҳʵı졣
ǳ̾Ҵ򽻵꣬ҲûнύꡣǶ׿͸߿һۡ
ѹСܵҹܼˣ⣬ֱܵǸȫ֡
ܼ֮ʣƾӣҲδؼСӡ
Ͼһң˲ϳһߣ˼ˣ
׿ܼңԵֵ߼ǧˡϧȴԸ׸һ¥
̾°̾ҡͷ
ţڼȻѾţƣǱҵǲǾͿֹͣˣʵڿ׿װƣݷЦ

аЦղ˽׿ɫһ࣬죬ʵҵʣҪܶࡣǰǱһЩǱˮнôļˣǲҲ˼˼ƶ¸
ڻǵʱռһҩģҪʲôĵ¥һŭݵһۡ
׿ЦЦÿɷЩҩģ˵Ϊ׼ġ㲻ǣҾ壬øлҲԮģ
㡭ĵ¥ͫһɣŭ߳
̾ȴЦЦνǺǺǡļһϵƣպҿң͵ڰԼҵҩķ棬ǻ¥ȫˣ
ѣȻдʶ׿Ĵָ޵
лХḧ˸룬Цǽңز١ôԺħֿʯ䡣
׿۾һ´ϲ
˲ٻûгֱУװ˼ŵȥһû뵽Ȼ͸ģ
лȻҲ˵Ժֵˣ׿Ц
ݷǵƲСӣʼ磺ôʾͻǱˣ
ϻ㲻˭̻׿ƲƲ죬૳
һ˱˴˶һۣȴȫЦ
ʱ˿̣˶Ҹӿˡ
ȻҷչʲôӣǲǱжսôǾֵΪͶʽȥ
ƺͻȻôԴָ֪зԾԵķչˣҲ˷ܵЦԶֺ
໨¥вһ޵⺢ӵȷܴ˵Ļϴ˾
ȫ΢Цͷĵ¥Цһ׿ǰ⺢Ӵɣ񣬸ĳ˾ǲһ
ţĵ¥ƺЦ˵֪仰ʲô˼𣿡
ǵȻ׿⼸Ҷ飬ҼһӣҵȻƺЦһ仰˵ôֵˣô˿Ϊˣʵ̫ˡ

Ȼû˵꣬׿ȻϽס졣ٿʱȫһͷߴ£ɫƵض
ǹܼңܲʺϽ顭׿գգ޹Ĵ۾Ц
һ飬ҧгݵʺϣʵ̫ʺˡ
ѾȫȷȻСӴ


206 λ֮·
֮һЩҵϸں׿˸𣬴ƺ˺ڷɽϡһ̤ţ׿ȳӣ
ոջͳ켱ææ׿ߣ૵׿ֵܣкηԸ
µȫСؿԵƺһۣ׿оӶǰＸ䡣
΢һͷˣֻһԻƺ׿ǲ⡣
ܿ죬ѡҸ߲ȫǰǿĸ弶ɶ
׿һȣλϸϸƷ裬һͷˮ׿ȫټһ䣬ʲô·
ɿ׿ǹȴʲôż½ɡ
һаĻȣ׿ɨڳһۣսλټڴˣҪøλߣ֤ǰҺϲٳǻ˽ʱұעҪפ֮У߼ʽ˺ҧ֮ʱͷУǾҪͷ
㲻ǵͷôѵ˵Ҫʽ۶֮λ˳ˣ÷ۣƲ
ҪǷڱңһȻȻ󲨡ңԣȴҲȻһЦ˿
ƺѣҲǵЦ׿ҸţҼ֮λ
Ҫ֪֮˹ģȫ׿һġλǿĳϣҲ׿ġ
һ֮Ҽһ׵ʱ򣬾Żˣαصȵ죿
Զѽ˵˶ܱңΨ׿ûܡΪһУ׿ΪǴġ
ò룬׿΢΢һЦǺǺǡûȤģһӱһҲܲˡԽλˣҪΪС
˵ţ׿Եƺƺһԡ
ʱͳҲѺĸ˴룬ȴǲĸٳǵӦ⼸գ׿һֱǹţרΪƺ׼ġ
£
ͳŭһһŽߵڵأЦߣͿǲˬˣ·
ɪڵϣ̧ͷǺˮ
׿һâ˦һӣһѾִ󵶱һ˼Ӳʯϡͫ͵һæֱ㣬򶼿챻ų
ѵ˵׿Ҫǿˣ
̵ЦЦ׿̧ƺһۣƺԺҼ⼸ͽӦ㴦ã
һ䣬һǲ֪׿˼ԭҪƺԴͽ֮ǣǸӰɱˣ
һʱ䣬˵ĶЩڡƺӲ𣬲ŵؿ׿ƽʱȻ׿ѧŰ裬װƴȴû뵽гһգ˫ҲҪմѪһô졣
׿̫ˣֻǸӣô˲̵飿Ѹæһѽƺ뻳Уƽ𾪵飬ЩԹؿ׿
ͳҲЩ̣գЦ׿ֵܣ⼸õСү֣ӴͰɣүմĸѪ
죬δô˵ҲǼгϣ˼⣬˭еӴ׿ͫһɣ
ͳԴͷٳˡ
ˣҲ֪׿˼ҪƺڼеȨ֮𣬲ñ˰С
ɱ˴˶һۣ΢΢ͷ׿Ȼ飬ȴΪҺãϹᣡ
ƺϵļСͱ˼ܿȨ±˶ΪãҪȥ˼ʲôضǸ
׿Ϊңһϸļ̳ˣ
˶׿ģȻв̣ǺݺģһֽƺƵ׿ǰ
׿ؿƺȴǹһ˿ĭһԴ亹
׿磬ЦˣһֻǸӡƺЦһ׿ȴһû˿飺ûеĺӣƲǺӡ첻ȥҸұ֤ǰҵŲҰݡʱ޺ڵȨ
䲻˲ƺƺ˵쳹Ͽյɱһ·Ĳ˫֮ͫҲᶨ

ƺһѽ󵶴ʯϰ𣬷Ĳ֮Żȥˣѱ˵
ȫԪţһΪʩչǿСҪǵ
ʱ˿̣ƺܵ׿ƻҪǶ֣Ȼŵûɢ
ƺ˵ǵõ̲۰ҿѣҲֻв̲ǰټæģ˸ơ
ТҲæͷǰǵТÿȥңٺ㲻ôǰ
ԶԶԣн㡭æͷг˰죬ȴǿ޳ˣ꣬ûʲô飬ˡ
Ҳ쳤̾벻ڷٳҲ󻧣ȻһСƨ
Χˣһӣ
ĸһ޳ܣΪʲô˵̫ûڲˡ
ƺȴ˿Ӱ죬ֻǰѴ󵶣˾ֵУǵıǴڵţ֮·רΪ֣ǵнɵɶ̲סز

ڣƺ󣬽󵶸߸߾ǻķ쳹˶ߣǵĲǵһ
군ˣ
²һȻ֪ƺһ仰һ̣ĸҪͷأֻܺһۣʵҧأ
׿ؿһУȴǲ̵ŤԴˣƤ΢΢һ֤λδһζͽгʹ
ݣ
һ⻮˶پͷһ⣬ȴûʹУҲûκѪų˫Ŀʱȴֻǵֻһ˿¡
ʱƺ۵𣬵УȴǶһ˿λߵϣңϾѵҸ嵨ҲʣҲɶ㲻壡и֮ҼȨȥͷ˿ͷ­ˣҶ´к֮£նģ
ң̼ҵ̼ҸӡԺ󣬱̼ܵƿˡϾҳϣҲϣǱϳźӣ
£һľеˣˣҲǲŵؿƺ˭Ҳû뵽ƺССͣȻ˵һʴ֮ԡ
ɶ˼ˣҲݡ
ȻƺԣɣҲλߵƣһСɾ͵ֱӶײ׿ܼ˰
ҲвʱգȻ֪˭ȫһŵؿ׿Ȼ׿ɫԽԽ
ԼȻΥԼ⣬κһִȨ֮ˣ̵ġ׿ǿİ˿ݲսȨ
һʱ䣬ƺһۣ̾
ѾδʵۣСƨëû룬͸Ҹ󳼶Ҳ


207 Ե
ƺҲ׿ɫƣѸæЦһվȰ˵׿ƺϾǸӣµȥ֡
˰գ˵ȥ׿ֻǽƺ˫Ŀû˿飺Сӣľˣڣ
һʿĭһ֣׿һ㶢ţҲеͷƤ飬ƺСƨˣŵһԴ亹
ǳƺɼᶨصͷ׿ҪɱǣֱǡֻҡǣӦ
ߣа
ɲƲƲ죬Ц
׿ȴ۾΢΢һУתֿˡҲһæԴȥֱͨͨ
ǰܾǼģֻ׿ƺСƨնδţȴиƨã
Ȼ˶벻ǣ׿Ȼ΢΢ͷ̾˿û취ǡȻڣǾֻ÷ˡϣ⿪ǵĽƣ
ţ
һ㶣˼ؿ׿׿ܼңŰ
׿һͷȷϣɲһ֣˽ƽ⿪ɲǼ䣬ֿжˡ
Сؿ׿һۣһŹֵؿ˿ƺ˼ֱţһרе׿ȻĻСëӵĻǷˡ
һʱ䣬Ҳζӳ£һƬãؿͷл֪֮ĸطģ
Ϊлǵľ׿С
ȻѾǣǾ͸Ͻɡ̳ϣ׿ĳﻹһ仰Ҫ͸㡭һ⣬׿ĵӽҲʲˣ
²һݣ⣬˱۾̾ŲТתȥҲûлһͷ
׿˼ףѾǿʢҲδֺܶǿļ壬̼Ҳһӣϧһζֺ߼ңʸ֦ȴǴˡ
ҽԽԽǿ߼ҶСһУǸ޹ϸ𡣶⣬Ҳҵģ
ңңؿ˵ıӰҲƵģ˲䲻Ӱת׿׿жɫƺ׿һܼһӵĻ
ӣֻǸСƨ
ƺƺҲЩؿǵõ·ϣΥ׿˼󣬱һȭߵ龰
ʱ׿ǳѣӵĶūڡ
׿磬㲻Υ˼ߣƺգգ۾һɻˣҲ벻ͨһ㡣
Цһ׿СӣҼΪܼңκ鶼ֻǽ顣ԼûʲôΥԡңոֻ㴦ǣû˵ҪɱǡһȺСඣԸҲν
ԣ˲ŻȻ򣬲ж׿塣
Ȼ׿Լթƻպƣĺõû˵ԼһְڲƺзȨ׼
ʣĸȨ֮ˣ⽫ԼеȨȥأ
˲֪ǣһ׿ڴһʼ̯Ӻ󣬾׼Ҫһǿʢңһҡ
ĻŻڣ
ôǼοѹȻܿ죬׿ҡҡͷ̾ϢһƬ֮ɫ
ƺ۾һЩɻ׿磬ȻҺοôֻѹأ
٣ǲ֪οȻеӶײˣеˡѹСӸһȻ෴ĵ·Ӱ׽ôˣ
üͷһƣƺ˽һۣã֮ɫҲǲ⡣
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿λߣһ֮֮СҼ֮ףҪλǧ·ϣֵֻ·һΪԵ·˵Ϊ˵İԵôСӣȻ̸ʲôҸ嵨֮СӲһ·
˻˲ʧЦѸһ׿ܼңѾÿŵսľӣһãͱһ١ҪƺҲǸӣһܴô
һٴδЦ
ȴΪȻصͷһ׿Ѿֱϥˣϵĵλ˿ûκֱ֣͸ûʲô
Ҫ׿Ļǲַӱū
ƺδܹ׿ħֵ෴ĵ·Ҳο
ǲΪңֻΪԼպڼең
׿ȴҡҡͷм֮ԣͷʶ̣֮·ȻƳ磬ҲǼ¶ѡ⣬У䣬жܹ󲿷ֶֻǽ֮аԵ֮ʵҪƾԵ·ңߺߣұ֤ñǰң
ʲôǡһǸ߰Ե֮·ɡƺһæץһˡ
˵ƺ⡣ŲҰȷӰԸصһΡ
׿ܿ
ʧЦҡҡͷ׿Դɽ׸ģƣʵҽ㴦ĸˣһûмʡǺǺǡˡڶߵư֮·Ȼ⣬ûϵڣ
㲻Ըģȥ㲻ԸմѪ۰׹Ǹѳɽվ⣡֮·ðԵɨƽһУֱվ㹻ߣû˿Ϊֹ
׿磡ƺһݣ˵׿Ǹмˮ
Ҳ촽૳лл㣡
ˣ΢΢ͷ¸Ӿ
ʲôûУ׿һˣ㹻ˣ
ˣӣС͵¾ɣƺĺ󱳣׿ȻЦߵһ·ҲԴȥڡǶͷʺɡ
ͳ֣صһͷƺ뿪ˡ
׿һۣҲ˾ְȥɣϺ£
΢һͷ˶뿪ˣֻ
׿̾εҡͷô͸Ӳһ·أӽ˰鰡
ٺٺ١׿ܼһھǰСӿˣһЦϵľȴǷǳԣ׿ܼңϷǶͶءǿļ壬ҪǷϷϣĳȨˡ׿ܼ˾֣Ϸ򻹴ûأȻѵһҸ嵨
ǰȻ׿ܼһֱ˵ԼǰԵһϣ׿ܼ˵֮֮ʦ尡Ҳ֪׿ܼҾĶݣȻ˸ԽҲʵѵãҲǱȭЦعά
εƲƲ죬׿˶һֱۣۡҼиƨĹϵһʼħģȻѾȫΪħҲȷ˸顣վ˽
˵ҲֻܺǺˡ
ݺô꣬ûʲôϵˮϵĸ֣ƼԹ׿ͻȻˣһ
˲һ˴˶һۣɻ׿ܼ
۾΢΢һУ׿Ȼʱȣ׼ʲôʱɧңĸ󣬶ƿأߣƹáһҪλ֣ƹϷ\󣬺ͱӰ󣡽ʱĴ弶ʽһ𷢶ұ˴ӦҲȥã
üͷ΢΢һ壬һ૵׿ܼҵҪҵѡ
Ŷ˭׿
һ棬׺ħŮѩ
ʲôϹȻ컰䣬ҩ㾪г粦˹İҡԴвУϹִúܣǳɽǶϡǿ˴պûȥˡ
ŶʵΣ׿üͷһ
أͫâһϷǽ֣ǵϷʤһǶ֣ˮ𹲼ãϷҲδʤǣ
ŶȻˮ֮ٺٺ١ˣˣ׿һЦӣһ磬ǳ
׿ܼңôöǣգգۣǵ
һ׿мƲƲ죺߰Ե·ߵģ룿ϣϴʣµŴ㻹ŵİɣ
ǵȻ鵤ҩҿ᲻Ӱ
һ䣬˱˴˶һۣǷЦ֮


208 ˮ
ڶһ磬׿ڼػԷ⣬Լ죬ȥѰϹ˶û֪ͨ
ѻǴɴ֪ǵ䣬һŭ˵ؾͻأ˵߾ߣﵱջˣ
ͬյģáΪ׿˴λƺûӰˡ˹£ǹ£˽ĵʱ䶼ûУ
ߣȻСˣúݺݵ߬ȭͷҧгݣһֻĸϻʱҪһ
󣬶սõʵʥּٻأ´ϾҪΡƺΪĵӣҲҪǰ
ǣǰеĶУƺȴʼû׿ӰЩįϾսսɳʮ궼δسһȥҲ֪ʱܻ֪ʲôʱܹټ׿һ棬Ȼ˸У
ԴֻԼӿοȴҲ޿κΡ׿عˣȻ˶֪һУΪҺá
ÿһ£ȴ˵ز飡룬ǰһ⺢Ҳð
׿ȴ·ѹ飬ֻУֻгԶ桭
ºһѰĸɽǰӰȴ׿졣ңңɽһߣ׿ȴ̾
ɽΪѩ׷壬һѩأˮɱһϢ֮䣻һ죬ˣܽԲʮڵκ￾죬ݲ
ؼǣ˾޴ļȺͼȻû˿תأֻмһλã˲ı䡣
·ֱ϶أȻһ˲̾
׿ȴ֪ⲢǴȻĹ񹤣Ϊ£
ԭļɽˮ֮أҲʲôѩ׷壡ԴϹ˺һԲͣ춯֣Ӳһɽ㣬Ļ𺣱壡
⾿Ǵ˶ãܴòˣ׿̾˿ʧЦҡҡԴȴǰͷʵվУҲǳ͵ĸ֣ȷֵȥ
ȻʧЦ׿ܼң˱һˣҲ߳ŷɥɷԸΪŹ֣лΪ෴ԵĹ˭Ҳ˭ɽ֣ǻһƬȴһƬɽˮ
Ȼˣ˲ͣŻβǣüͷһ׿૵
ЦҡҡԴһ̾׿ܼң֮£Ϊڼûһ֣Ǿһ¶ġ˵ϸ޷죬ʮո֣ûͷ㬶鰡
ԭòͣĺͰ
׿۾΢΢һУȻص˵ͷ
ˣ
ͻȻһʶ˲䴫ɨǰ˱˴˶һۣȻˣ˷ˡ
ϣ֪һôɣ׿ɫž
һЦ΢΢ͷǵȻȡ
죡
ʱһХһɫӰǻɽϮͬʱҧгݵŭҲö˶Ĥۡ
£׿ϸһֻǸʮͺͷߣһ˫˫ͫУ·лȫҲʱһˡ
׿ʮɿ⣬̲סԴ˲ͷ󺺣˲׿ɣǲǸٽӽ㣬Ҫɸʬˣ
þĻϵԪ׿оһ°ޡ
ǰһ׿סǹȵǰŭȵ׺겻ԽԽûзˡΪո֣Ȼһʩѹ
ߣȣǵзȣʮҶ׺мƲƲ죬ΪƵضʲôƾһǾԶҶ˵ģ
аĻȣ쵭һ棬ġϷǰΪСֻеλСӣʣʼ̫ʺϷ֮ǰʦѧա
ʦ
׺һüͷ΢΢𣺡ǵŹڶ࣬õҰʦ
ǺǺǡ˵ûǵǹܶ࣬ȴûһţܸϵϻʼġλСҪܸߣҪǿĻϵϷҵˡ˭˲֪һķǽ߼ҶŹ׹
׺΢΢ͷ⵹ʵһᵽţǻϽ̣Цһ죬Դź󣬿ԽԽûˡԭӰʦΪԳ⣬ӦɼǰǾȻߺߣǻһŵ߹
Ϣһͣŭɸ̡
ߣû֣ѾСӵѪϣû֣
һ棬ϻ˵ջǲգ
գ׺ܸɴشЦʮ󹩷ΧϷǵүΪӣ죬㵱Ϸһû𣿡
ݺҧҧȴ˵ˡֻһ䣬ƣ
ȻʱһͷȴͻȻ𣺡ϣ㵱һ涼ˣҲΪѸڿҲôȲ۵ŵϣ
׺һ˳Դȥȴ׿ǲмݣɴŭƨϷһʮŵĹû㾹Ȼ˵Ϸǵϣ
ǰ׿һͯ棬ָɽ㿴ǵһɽûжסѾ϶ԪյһȻˡ
׺һͣȴЩЦáôôˣһûŰɣսĳ
ΪάԼ棬׺̵ֻСӣ᲻£Ϸ򲻸ƽϡҪϷסⲻϷڷŻɽϷҼ򶷺µĲ󣡡
ۣԣ׿Ƥһֻ̾Ǵ򶷺ľ󣬾׳ۡǱ˵ҼҵЩϣǹҲԶԶˡ
׺صͷһԵãӿɽ̣
ǣ׿һ䣬ȴòѪϣҵЩ𣬶סˣ
ۣ
׺̲סһţݺݵؿ׿Сӣ㲻Ҫ˵˵ʲôϷĻǶסˡıϷˣ
һһԼﶷһӣޱ˵Ȳ̫ˡ׿֪ˣȴ˵Ȼĸλ
һۣЦֹ
Ȼ׿һɤȻ˲ʱ˶ڣСܵмʶ㰮ˣϲģһСܿʤһ㻹䣿
ŻһɫٻӰ䵽ǰ
׿׿ȥǸʮ߰ŮݣЦȻ׿ȴѾѾϰˡ
ǼˣѾĻǰԳƽ㣬ʵһ񺮣
ͲˣһԣΪԽԽʵԽǿŮ˾ϲΪһ֣Լպഺװ۰
ҪǰⲿΪǿʵϣʵͻͽ͸ɹͷô
׿ҡҡͷʵڲס
ҲȻΨͼ֮ˣȻʲôŮΪüˡ


209 뼫ˮ
㣬Ư׿ŮƺʮͯɵգΪΥĵؿ޵
Ů۾һϲ׿գЦС컹Ȼ㲻ϲŵˣǸŶ
׿ͷЦһָǳ׺㣬Ůɣֲôò绨Ů
һЦŮЦ绨˫ֺݺݵ׿գһڣЦСǺð㰡
˼ˣһ񺮡
죬Щεس׿һۡ
˵׿ܼңҪǲ֪ԭɣ˵ⷬҲ֪ĽڲٻҪҪˣ
׺Ƕݺݵص׿һۣС۾ǳõģ̫ŰϵˣΪסഺգȫĻаŮӣѾڵһûŮǲǣ
ţ
Է䣬׿ûػŮһüңŭϲĶﲻСˣִǲǣ
ߣ㿴ӣСԳģһˣôûû׺ƲƲ죬Ц
Ůһ죬ŭһһƴ
ʱ䣬һɰâˣ˲˱
׺ͫһ˿һ䣬һȵĻʱǵ׹⵲̫ţ붯ǲǣ
˭⺢ǰϵ׵ģ
ߣϵôôͯӣţ۲ݰ
ϲģ˵˵

һʱ䣬ٴ׿˴˶һۣ°ЦţæվֵλϷǴ⺢ʦѧյģǿλܵġȻֲԸĻϷȴˣ
㣬ټ׿ЩؿŮӣذ˰֡
Ůһһȳȵȣ⺢ҿϲˣ
¸ƨ˼ǻʣʺϷĻϵˮϵģϹκʲô׺мƲƲ죬Ц
Ůں˰ԴһӽˣǷﵹűܱôղ⺢ӣ
׺һͣҲǣ˼һȴֳЦٺٺ١Ϸ֮ܳΪһϵ֣ɲֹƾ׹ƾ
˵ţбĪһ䷢¡Хĳ
׿ͫһֹסؾг𣬵غף
ߺȣСͦ۹Ⱑ׺üͷһؿ׿һۣص˵ͷûǰϷΪʦĻ˷⣬Ϸ򻹻һغ׵׸㣬ʱĵôϷ²
׿΢΢ͷȻ
ڲ֪ΪһǿǱħŮ֣Ȼʮλո࿹⡣Ƕ޼⣬غҲһǿֶΡ
Ҫ֪ȻͬΪ𣬵Ҳи֮ҩеĹףǳԵʬ֮УҲĻȻõģǲս
غףڵĻɽ֮У񱩣𣬸𣬲ǿЧʣս°빦
ţ׿תؿһۡ
Ѿڵغ֮£Ȼѹ׺һͷɼǿ˺ֱ̬ĳ̶ȡңǻֻǻʼؾ
ħɷ似պ֪Ҫǿ־ءѵõգԼţܽշǼ񵽱ˡ
׿Լ￴ƺ֪룬ЦЦذ˰Դ
㣬˵ΪʦܵõףҪ׿ָָ׺Цһ
ͫһǱħŮЩӣȱ𼱣ϼһеģҲУ
˼ǻϵ֣շȻڻ¡һˮϵ֣ȻҲ˵Լ𣬲¸Լô
Ȼ׿ţħŮѩȴȻָһ飬һĹâ˸롣
׿ƤʱôгҿȻǱ飿
û֮ϡУ֮ͬˮϵ飡
˵֮µľ¹ⴸ֮ܵƽȣϴ°빦
ҪǣǧĺѰֵָס
ٴؿ˶һۣ׿֪̬ؽʮλˡ
õغ׺ͱˮ𹲼õϣʵֱǷ֣ʹʵʵȴԳʮλվĹͬˣ
ף⺢ӼʶȻϡУȴ֪ȴ֪ȴϵóѩؿ׿
׿ЦЦ૵ż֪һ㣬ǺǺǡ
ι̫ţ˼ҪϵҲ˼ҲѽϷȰ㣬ͱϹκˣʱѩ׿Ȥ׺г
תת׿ƺ˽ʲôæһץסѩĸ첲ҡҡȥ㣬һģϧԲͣҲò顣ܲ취Ǹͷǵغף
ιСӣſ̫ţȻѩδ˵׺һָ׿ŭȳ
ѩüͷһһƤЦݣãҰҪ
ţ㿴׺׵ϲģǴΣ
ʲô
ϹأҪӮһаʽҾͲˡҪӮһаʽͽغ׵ףյĵΣѩž⣬
׿һæסѩҪ㣬һҲҪǵغˣ
İɣӣϼһһӶûӮң׿ԴѩЦŰο
׺ȴֱţСϷ;㣬ſǸ̫ţ
Ͳţѩ׿һԴȳ˵Ĭɰǳ׺ÿҪˣҶѩƢֻŭ죬ϹСһϷˣ
ʼ磬ÿɷ
ãϷӦشȳ׺һָѩ׷嶥ϵطߣ
䣬˲ˡѩЦһҲ˹ȥֻ׿׷ţ㣬ҲҪǻˣǧҪ°
Ȼ˶ʧӰ׿ɫȴ˲ƽЦǡһҪʹ˰
׿ܼұ죬ҪϷ֪ĻҲᱻǴԻΪǸµأ
ƨ
׿һۣһĹâΪϹôϵôߺߣκʱɶһأ
ŶǼƻʧˣǲ

˰֣׿аһЦǻ򣬶һѣֻΪ̫ͷȻţ˶һ֣㣡
첻һݣüͷ΢΢塣
Ǻܿ죬׿Цǡǲҡ
ڴʱһ췢Ѿ˲Ϊ롣һ죬Ҫճһ뺮·ռ䶼Ҫһ
׿һЦһȭ϶һףһˮӲҵġλϣҪˡ


210 սˮ
䣡
쳹صľƿըѣ·춼Ҫһ㣻زϵضʱҪѿ
׿죬ôƽվɽ£ңеսþòͣһչȥ֮ԽԽǼȴ̩ɽ˵ļ
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Ǵ֮󣬶˿ǰսǽȥ׿оһаĻȣ૳ˣ
ڣº󣬵һ¡췢˲һƬ֮С˰ĻȥҲͣ
׿ЦһϣǳˣͿıˣ
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Цһһץ׿۰˲ѩ׷ȥ
һ棬ѩ׷ˮཻһ촦ѩڴڵشŴڱѩ֮ϣǻһʺѪգӰŭɵϲģڿϳȫô
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׺ͬش˼ɫȴЩΣѩӣԲ𰡣Ȼˡ
ѩ۾һУ߳Բиƨã벻㾹Ȼαôʵôﶼƭˣ˵㾿ʲôı
ᣬҸô꣬ͬ飬ʲôı
ûı㻹ôҼǵǰǰһս㻹ѷһôڣǿôࣿߣαˣѩƲƲ죬Ťͷ
׺ɴ󼱣ʹͷҧҧֻ̾ϵʵ⼸ʮǶϰٴΣÿҶģֻ̫öǿһܲ£ҲһֱŲ˵
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Ȼû˵꣬ѩ͵һִֵۣҪǰҵģôˣ
׺һͣһȴЩƵôһҪˣİСˡйŮģֱֲգ˭֪ʲô¡
ѩضų׺ķ򣬿Ǹɧȴһ£Ц˳׺һ㶣֮ɫ
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׺һ㶣գգ۾űϲЦտô˵ûС¿
ţѩüͷһ¶һ˿ƤЦݣǿɲһСɰġԺıְɡҪǴӽ㻹ҵ¡ɲֻһСôˡ
᲻ᣬԺϷҲҶˡٿܣϷҲһȫԸ򡭡
ʲôû˵꣬ѩ˫ͫһݵһۡ
׺ŵӣЦͷ龰ѩҲЦ˳ҡҡͷ
ʮĸڽ⿪ˡ
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ͻȻƿ׿ǰ׿һѩ㲻ɾһȥ㣬ˣеҩˣ
٣Сӣ̫Ѿˣ㲻ٽӽˣ׿˲ѩǰǹɹĵӣ׺ٴηһɴ⡣
Ҳʱ׿óһƿݵѩǰ㣬ǴˣҲԻָһЩԪ˰ɡ
ѩüͷ΢΢һȴǳһ£ûϽӹȻ׿ôȥ꣬ȻСĽ

ͻȻһ׿ϵƿӵʱ˳ȥ׿ͫһת׿ȥȴעŶˣɻϣʲô
СӣҵŴУʱǳȥĺûᣡأȻһɱ⣬
ԣѩͳ׺ɫһ׿ҲǴһſ۰򣬽ѩ󣺡ȵȣϣ㲻ǴʦΪΡ
ߣܰݳȻãڣɱǣһ˰˸ãаĻȣ쿴׿ŭ߳СӣȻ㣬ɱ㣬ϷɲΣ
죬ңҵǡ
Ҳ֧һСӣǿеʵ̫ˣЦһ׿Ƴһۡ
׿һ𣬲Ծƺȫ޷̵ʵ
ѩͳ׺Ƕһۣ΢΢ͷ軹еŵķ
ˣǵҩ
Ȼ׿һز쿴ֻƿʱﱼȥ㣬ǵҩͿԻָһЩˡ
ͫһһǴƿȥǿѹƺܽɽͷ
ǾڴʱһӰȴͻȻ֣һƵȥȴһ׺
ͬʱѩҲƿӼ׿Сܵܣⵤҩôã
ǵȻ׿ЦŵͷǾϲ֮ɫ
ȴüͷһ·ʮֵǵҩһ㣬һֱֱ̤ȥһƻ
׺Ҳæȥ˫еĵغףʱ糱ˮӿ
䣡
һ죬غǿȻĥ̬ǿ壬˲䱻ɢټϳ׺Ѿս࣬ʱӲ֡
ۣ
һѪ̲ס׺㲻ر˳ȥɵѩȥ
ˮ𹲼ã飡
ͻȻѩ׺˱˴˶һۣһţӡǵȻһͱˡ
ǵغ֮Ǳ֮ˣ
ͬʱǰһָǱ˻ƣȥұ˻һÿһȦ˲ʮ
ٽǰʱȻ֮ߡ
׿ͫһ°ࡣ
ˮ𹲼֮˵˴ԼαǿҪǱ˵Ļظ֣Ҳض˲Ρ
ֻһվѣ֣ˣ
һ˭Ҳûзֵа컡ȣ׿š
Ȼǻʱ첢ûоţǴһȫƣʹ׿ı̬ħħɷ
ʱ䣬绯һգһ̤˷ǻ˳ȥͬʱһɫӰǰƣħɷһʽħ죡

һ޺Ҫ˺
һһһֻ͵ײһ𣬷ѵľ졣ѩ׷һһ𺣣Ҳ֮оҵĲҪʱһ

һֲµ첻ٴδһħɷڶʽצ
һ̣һצǻץȥֻһ˲Ĺ򣬱ǻ˾˲䱬ըǿҵĲȻѩ׷屾ٱĻ𺣱˲ɨƽ
ۣ
Ѫ̲סɽĻ𺣱ǿĳ£ʧѩͳ׺ʮٿǰħһʱĿȻ֮ɫ
ԭһʼѣԪĽߣҲºУרŶԸ졣ǲźȻ֣յѾǰʶǸˡ
ڵǰҪǿʮֱħҲһ֮С
ǻʼ㡭ʲô̬׺һĭһؿ
һЦԼͻͽʵ൱⣬ͬʱҲӸм׿ߣˣûҪ֪ô࣡
ԣɫ˲һɱ֮ѾҲ
״̬Ķ֣Ψһİ취
뵽ѩһǸոռҩƿװŵģǴ
һо۵ף׿°ЦϹˡ


211 ֻ
㣬ߣסͻȻ׿һУһͷСһ죬һѽס
һŭȵСӣǸʲôѵҪϷֲɣ
Ҳܣ㲻˺㣡׿ִֵشгǲ֮ɫ
ѩͳ׺ˣݣ˴˿һۣ΢΢ͷһѣ
ѩƿ򿪣õҩ裬һŸ׺֪ŵҩǻָ٣ǺӵһƬ⣬ܹ
ٺٺ١̫ţ벻һͻ̴棬СԵ̶ֳȡ׺һЦ٩
ѩһ죬ŭһۣϲģһͻǻϽŵҩӦԴвǣ
˵꣬ѩһнָ૵СԹԣɣΪﻤ

ȻһһֻɵİɫӥȻͷֻ麮ͬһεıְ㣬档
弶ޣѩӥ׿һг
ǻǾ£׺ҲͬһЦһָ
Ȼ䣬һ쳤𷢳׿˲˫ͫУһֻȫȼ棬ͳ໢ǰ
Χų׺תһȦǳ໢һɳĻβһ˦㽫һʮɸߵСɽ˷顣һ˫˫ͫݺݶ첻š
弶ޣĳ׻
Ƥ΢һݣԽ׿塣һйȻ׿ԣ϶ȻԼذֶηһֹһ֡
ֻ弶޵˵ǰʹûɱﵡ
׿Ҳͬͫ΢ȴǾȻӣ˷ܡϹֶԽ࣬ʵԽǿȥԽﳬֵ
СӣÿϷڽǣ
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Ѹ͵ٽ׿ȴɺηѩƤֱջҧҧȳСӣǻΪ㱨ģ
䣬ѩͳ׺˱ǣһ̵ǵ裬ϥҩֻ弶ޣػԣΪǻ
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ٽ׿һƣȻֹ׿һ̣һ֣һġ
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׿ֱһۣͬʱЦ͵ҩˣ
׿ܼ㣬һҲ֮°Ȼĳⲻ֪νĵҩϹĽ̶˵ѵõ﷭ЦһЦؿǰ
ֻЩˣ˰ǽгǷͷڣͷôڣһҲûҪ˼
׿һ̣¶аĻȣϴԲӣҲʲô㣬˶ѡԽΣʱ̣ٽҲ½ġֻҪһ˿ᵱץסֹʣˡҲŻһֱģӪΣΧԼⲻ֪ʲôĵҩ̽
۾һ찵ͷ׿Ӿ׿ȫţֶι죬ııãʤʵǧźۣ
ˡһ׿ͻȻɻؿϣ˵շ˶ˣʮո֣ѵ޳ûʲô𣿡
ǺǺǡȻ׹ƲߣϧûѪϰļƲߣΧɱ˶ˣȻ´ࡣһ۽˵ֲи˲ҲˡʵʱҪ˶ˣĹ˳ϧ˷ŤҲû취
׿Ȼͷ޳ܣֶαϾĶࡣûƵħѪϣҲû취Ϲˡ
㣬䣬Ƕǻ˫оһ͵վǵǿʱȴǵʱסˡ
ôȫ²û˿ɱСҲȻ
ǻǵãڱĿҩǰСǲµİ
ƺеɻ׿ǰ΢΢һ΢Цλǰҽһ¡²ʲôŵĹӣҹܼң׿شҼҼλǰפΪҳϣλǰ͸棡
ʲô
˲һ˴˶һۣٿ졣ֻҲ΢΢ͷЦûϷҲѲǵŵĹǼңΪ䳤ϡ뵽λʵǿֲ߼κһң룡
ԣ˲ȫɫһ࣬𾪡
ҾʲôͷȻܹĺ֣ӵɲǴŵˣֱǽţ
ˣžȻɫҲпˡ˵ĻҾǺηʥŶҶ
Ȼ𺧣ǶִֵҡҡͷѩǽЦϷŰؿ׿СܵܣȻ˵Ҫ㣬ȴû˵ҪռŶ
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׿ӣ΢΢һЦ޷иŵ㣬ϲǿˡҲһԼȱ㣬ӿϵĶһҪŪ֣ͻ˭Ҳõ
ͫ͵һ׿ڶ˻ûӦ֮ǰӡһ
ʱ䣬ѩͳ׺ͷһѪâʹص˵ϡֻ޼ˣɴ󾪣æֻ׿ȥ
ԭСµĴڰȻصô
׿ȴ˿һֻۣʶĸʵʵű𶯣͸ʬɡ
һ䣬׿ͻȻһɱ⣬ӡٱ䣬Ƕ˱˲ʱ³һʺѪˮѪ߿֮УȪ㲻ð
ֻ޼ˣɴ󾪣ʱ㲻ٶˣľֻֻ˫ͫͰ͵ؿ׿·һ
ҡͷ׿ֶζ˵ˣҲε÷ģʵڿ¡
ûֻ׿ֻǻߵڵϵĶǰ¶һаЦݣλǰǺαأֻҪǴӦҡ
㡭㾿ʲôȻ׿û˵꣬׺Ǵϵ
ƲƲ죬׿ֵ¸ǽѪϵ֮ЦСӵǹҳԣĵҩҳˣǺǺǡ
ħЦ֪ǰĶȻʹ࣬ȴһ̹ǵ⡣벻Ƕݺʮ꣬վȻԵһëͷС
ˣһ䣬׿Դĵ
ʿɱ裬Ǿе
׿̾Ȱֻλפҳϣûλ˼ϣƽʱôģ
׿ܼһʿмӣʶʱشĵֲϸ̣ż޲߰ɡ
ڻǵãɷһЩɧ׿ŭӡ飬¹ŭ
Ļ֪Ҫôˡ
뵽Щؿ˶һۡΪҵĳϣߵĳˣΪ㲻ҪɫҪܼҵɫ
㿴ɫǰҲҪȿλܼҵɫôûеλĳϰڵţҲ˰ɡ


212 ˮפ
ҲӲͷִغܣ׿λǼᶨҡԴ
ڣ׿ɫҲû˿Цݡ
λȻ˲ʶʱǾͱ²ˣһâ׿
һ̣ӡٱ䣬˵ʱͫ͵һҲܲסҺ˫ֺ˫ȣǹŤͷѵš
˿˿Ѫ֫ǲΪƤѪӲ֫УͬʪëеˮһӲѹѪҺ
׶Ĵ̹ǵʹݺʮϹûоܹ
һԿƤֱаҡҺõʱԼʮˬؾ͵ˣȻȲ˵Ŀ̣Ҳܲˣ̵Ķ
ʱٿһĮ׿¸Ӽɵ
ֻԼģɴ󼱣³Ҫ׿ȥһæǰ
׿ȴ˿⣬ִ˸ָ
֮׺ѩ˵ϣűڰ㣬ʱը߰˸ѪⲻöٴβҺ
׿бƳһۣ˻ʵʵţû
ǰȻͣ£ֻ費ϵ˴ųԭתȦ⽹ǳҲǣҲǣֻһŵؿǵˣжѾ⡣
ܿڵĻһἫȰ˵˸ϽͶúǰ
ϧֻ쳤Хȴһ
׿ҡҡͷֿ̾ͷΪֺۣαΪԼ
ٺٺ١С̫СϷˡȻ֣ģİɣȻڼµʹ£׺Ц
ѩת׿һۣ¶һҵЦݣǺǺǡϲģû뵽ݺһһСӢɨذΨһֵҵģǰţ
ҲˣǺǺǡ׺οصͷһı顣
˾Ȼ֮ʣ¶ҸЦݡ׿ˣҲ΢΢ݣӣӢš
Խˣ׿Խ
۵֮׿м֣ɲôôˣ֮ǿӲΪ飬ͬģҲ㡣
۾΢΢һУ׿Ȼλദж̣Ҳ֪λȽᣬѵĿű˴˸
ٺٺ١СССͣ˶ﶮãЦһ׺һؿѩ¶ЦݣֻҪߣ޺
ѩҲ΢΢ͷĻȡ
׿ͫһ̵Ц˳˵Ҳ飿ߣҾ͸˵˵￴ĸʲô
˵㡭һָ׺׿Ц̫ŴһӣûӮôܣͬΪͬӵؼ̫ŻһΪάԼòˣôܴ򲻹϶һӣ
׺ÿɷϻ¶һ˿Цݡ
׿ȥֿѩ㣬ʵȻһΪഺӿŮӣͷ¶Ҳ㣬ɽָ˭ߣŮΪüݵĵܲǸ϶ҿʵ˷ˡ
ʲô㱣ഺΪҰǣ׺ƺȫû׿еĲмֻһ˷ܵؿѩҿҪúÿһˣ⼸ʮϹ˹ۣûкúöò
ѩһ죬죬ûг·׿ոնĲм˹ά
׿ȴ⣬ҪġǶ˵ĸ㣬Ȼһ飬Ǿͷ
ߣǰӵĻɿ佱ǲǣӾ͸ǣǵθ飬㣡
ƨȽᣬ빲κβǣ׺мƲƲ졣
Ŷ𣿡
һ̣׿¶̵ĻȣһץѩĲ׺һгʲôֳ
ϲģơ˭һһϱǣǺΣѩһۣг
׺΢΢ͷɫ
׿ȴһЦߣΪô𣿷İɣҲֻʱǿ»ңɱǣ
䣬׿кһ֣˲Ⱦѩʹħ󻯾
ʱ䣬ѩȫԪƵ̺кֻգۼ䣬ƤɱͷҲ˻Ұס
Ⲣ׿ħ󻯾ɵģǽάòԪȻֳ˱ò
̫ţĿɡά˼ʮഺȫûˣͷӺúÿһ
׿ЦһѩԴǿӲŤ׺˳㽫һƬСӵǰԼԼʱ˥ģ
ǾƬԼݣ׵ͷѩȫ˰гҪϲģ㲻Ҫ
ûõģڵ屻ҿţ۶ܡͷڿŵģϲģ׿Цţ衣
Ҫ㲻ҪҪѩݺҡԴ׺æҪģ
׿ȴƲƲ죬аЦ
ŮΪüݣѵ˵̬𣿺ߣŮԼҪȡˣŻİӣǸҪһչֳ
ʱ˵ȫĳªҲԸѳªʾˣİˡ
׿ǿһ㣬Ź⽫ǵĸ㣬Ȼٰĳªݽʾⲻͷӣ̫š
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׿ħһѩϣڿ֮Ƶٺٺ١㣬㿴ڻ䵱һ𣿸ҵ̶ϰ
˵ˣ˵ˡѩ⣬޲ðԼڵ¡
׺Ǵס֣ȻϷŹ㣡
ŹңǺǺǡǵɶôţ׿һЦѩ´ϣ϶Ų̫չʾ߳ܵһ棿ûȤͱͷˡǲ֪λͷӻûȤˡ
˵ţ׿´һ˶ǲϼĦ
ҪѩһгѾʼ˰ۡ׺ˮǿɥ׿׿ܼңǽˣ̧֣Ҫˣˡ
׺һո֣һͣȻСӰ˿˶һᡣ׿ٿѩ̫Ҳᣬݺݵͷ
£׿¶ȻЦݣô˵ĻҲôλϿ𣬰ѽ˭λ˳ӡ˵ҩλЦɣ
׿ûһ·ոնħоģؽ˷һҩƿ
λѱŵþ㱣ҩƿҲ̲ס£ҡҡͷǿǱ׿ĵҩˡ
Ǽ龰׿ȴһüŭȵҸĵҩǸҲԣ
̲סٴһ׺˱˴˶һۣηηؽ˹ȥ׿ļз¡
Դˣ׿ϲЦտӣҲפλĳϡ
ȫһпڵ죬ȴ²ֹ׿ܼʵ̫ˣȻܽħɷ̶̼ڱƳ⸱ֱħ֮ħ
ҵͶͶüʱͶøɴ࣬ͶѸ١׿ܼҽյֶΣ֪Ҫء
Ļ¸λһɨءڲˡ


213 ɽ
ֹʱ׺ѩ˫ۣϵҲ˰˾ųɡѩҲٴαǸŮ׿һԿţЦ
վʱ׿һӭǰȥЦϲλƺתǿ̻ؼ˰ɡ
²һݣ鲻Խؼһǽ֮ɫ
ǲ˵ҰɣǶѾһˣ𣿡׿΢΢һͣʼ磬תѩЦ㣬ѵǵĽ𣿡
һʿĭѩ㵽׺һֻèĺһ֮ȴǻĺ⣬ȴǾɫ
ݺݵһۣѩҧгݵޣ˭㣿ﵱϹ˹ۣûСħĺݶĳ
ǰʱ׿ΪǸµͷСӡû뵽ܹٿĺɫ
䱰޳ܣĳħͷη壡ˣǸڼСܵܵģֱǾĵظĶ
ѩֱڣ׿Цݺͻɱˡʱ˿̣޲ðԼ˫ۿڲˣ
׿ԣϲЩ΢ŭüͷһ׺Ʋ׿ܼϢŭһʶ
ţˣԸԸӽãҲǵ⡣֮ҳϣǵˣ߰ɣ
ص˵ͷ׿ٲȥǣһתչ˸߿ա
СħԶ룬׺ѩһۣųһȴҪ޵ĳ嶯
ңڣɽ֣ŶܰôôվͻԵһСأ
飬ôҲ벻ͨ
ʱߣ׺ЦϼһǰǻЦϷûôĻ𣿡
ɿЦһ׺ҡҡͷؿһۣ֮̾ǰϷˡϷôҲ벻ôһ
֪ͺãЦһĳҲ㶥أȫѪϡϷĸԸģطǷˣǱ׿ܼᣬȴУֶηǷ֮ʡǸԿ
ͫһ˴˿˿˼ã΢΢˵ͷ
УȻԺһ£Ҿǰ֪һ£ҵ淨򣡡ңң׿ѾԶһص͵͵
һæʾ
ҳ׿ܼ⣬˶ܺദǴС㣬һҪ⽻á˵׿ܼŰ裬ʲô˶ΨĹСĻպһŭһҪȥ飬ǵͱˣݺĳ׺ļʮؿ˶һۡ
һæһм챧˱ȭл㣡
ԺԼˣαô˰֣ÿɷ
ʵôģֻ¶һңϹӣҲȻó֪ôȥˡ
ǰ֪۵Ƕ˰ˣҲԺõǵĵط
ףϷʲôʱҲôˣ
³һͻȻһͷֻܰ̾߳īߺˡ
һ棬۶ſڣԪ˧ս죬ӣŸͷ۾ؿ˽ȥǰڳʮﴦӪ
֮սսسϢҲ˵Ĺע
£Ԫ˧ս

ʳǽǱУʵֱֱڽӲӵĻ֮ϣԱվųĵ˾
һĹ򣬶ս찺˽ݵս죬ߵ£ףһ꣡
ǺǺǡԪ˧ǧﱼʵ࣬𣡡Цһʵ۸æվߵսߣ԰
ҪǱ˵ĻضǸж£ĪɡǶԶս죬ȴ·Ӧ顣Ͼսǹ֮ʯѵʵһ
Ԫ˧ٳǱߵΣ˵˵ոհѶս𣬻ʵ۶û˵ѾȲѯʵ
ս΢һͷ̾һصƺֹۣܲϷǰȥԮȥˡٳһսʮֲңҶʮ֮ڡ
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һʼŶսصɫ̾ʵ۵Ҳ¡ҾȻʮҶǻʵۣҲ̲סһѪ
Ԫ˧һļ壬ʮҶʵɫ죬и̣ӹУ飬ѾҲܰ޵ʶɵɣԪ˧ۼ𣿡
⵹ûУҹܼҸģϷҲΡ
ǹܼҽ׿ɣʵ̲סһ飬ȻСӼֱǲ¾Ͳ°ôֶſںߡ
ս΢΢ͷ౧ȭӢ׿ܼСӵĺϷҲǺţһСʮ֮ڣ߼ңҲûôҶٳһսӦȷʵأսˣ
ʵһͷ̾Ԫ˧Ҽǰ˵ġ
ʲôսһŵɫűյͨаޡһȺСҺŻƭϷҲˣؼڱϷ򶪾档
׿ƺҵƣս޺޵ҧҧ
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ƺͷѴʵ۲һЦãѾȥٳǸģѵоһԵз鱨Ҳ
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ʵ۽Ҹ߲һʵսһʵ΢΢ͷȻû£ҾͲأҵ͵ģźڤЩһﶢϣȻͦ
£Һڷɽǰĸ弶һӦúѴ룡ʱսʱ
ʵüͷһߵ˾ضһۣе׿СԽԽˣȻܲ󣬵û뵽һӲĸ弶󣡡
ʲôʽ׿ģһս첻˼ؿʵ۶ˡ
ٴ̾ʵۿϼһһ˵Ѿȥٳǣȥ˸ʲôӱĻرھȻҪ͡
޿κ£ʵֻеǰͬһˣֻһԽܺ͹ܼ׿ͳ塣ң׿һֳģСӡ
ţʵ۱׿Ĵǣֻ¥һһ˵һ飬εСǸѵõ˲ţϧҲǸǻ˲ţʵְֺްҵǷǣҲΪҲܶס治֪ôһλܼңǸǻ
գգ۾սѾȫɵסˣû뵽׿һֱѰٵţǻı£ȴȫ⡣
̵ģвǻģֻҪб£㹻ˣϷһҪСŪӪ
սһϲ¶ģ
ˣԪ˧ʲôмֵҪر𣿡ȻѾûΣʵۻһ䡣
սһȻУڤϮҵ֤ݣ¶ᡣһϷǰǿٳǣ
˵ţս콫ȥʵ۽ӹһзЦ֤޻úõôһأԪ˧ŵ𣿡
սҡҡͷ߼ҵļϷڷٳǶˣΨûŵ¶棡
ôλֿɲصùģĿ͵ؽ˦ڵϣʵһŭߣξɽ𻢣˿˭µˡ


214 ֲĻ
ڤȣ걻һ뵵֡ǽ죬ƺȴʣ겻ɢҲƺõһЩ
ĵⲻͬǣڤеˣȴһþòɢ
ڣɽһϣǹгϡųм䣬ȴǿһĿ
ǿտյλã˵ıһʹ
ԴڤȵңĹ߱ɱѾȥˡʱǳȫȵоΪ߱
ǻģ޵Ǹ׿ʬ壬ǲϵ۽
ȲһʼٳǼλ׿Ĺ󣬱̵ĺλɥ׿֣֮峤Ҳȥһۡ
ڤʧأʮʧһλзϣõֻλˡ׿ȴȻö˶˵ػţôҲܲˡ
ܴ裡
ǿζ뵽ǰǴκƽ٣ڤȾȻٴԳܵشǧĵ̣߼ҵϣһδεسŪ䡣

ɽŭһϣԽԽǶܹĦ졣˵Ҳһأϸźɫ峤ϣԼʧȥһ۵ļͷжҪĵ׸εźһ֡
׿
ȴ޿κΣĴ˻ҵĵߣʵ۶ѱԪ˧սٻسǣҪ춯ٵĿܾǶսİʦˣǸӳܲ˵ĺ
ں޲ȫȸһٳǣ׿ͬһϾɱҲûǸˡ
ѱ
⣬ڵĴ
Ͽ˿ֿ˿ˣֻҡҡͷ̾УһֿҪϢѹš
ܲˣһҪС˲ɣ
ڣ峤͵վеˣһۣû˵ҲҲ޲ô֪ĺҲȻĬˡ
ˣ
Ȼڴʱһűһڳ˵ĶУ
ģʱ򣬻£ڹﴵ˺峤ϱһӻûڸǱ֮ûðɡ
ǻûȥҳ۵Ķһ̧֣ͫ͵һƺЩֵزΡΡţ⡭ǡ׵
ʲô｣񣿡
һ˱˴˿һۣĶԾسȥǸոջŭ峤ϣʱҲϨ˻ֻһɵ͡
̸ܣ｣ڤȸʲô峤գգ۾ˡ
ɽ˲̾¶һԹ
ߣ⻤ˣܸʲôʵôô˵ҶѾή˼ʮˣôһӾӲˣһƫƫǸϣ
ɽһۣ޵ĳ嶯ǻӲͷƤŽļλ˳ȥڤȹȿڡ
ȻǹȿϿգһɷӰеҲڷ֣֮һ｣񣬷ɣ
Ȼֹ׽֣ת׿ǣҷּ⣬Ĺ볯ʥ󣡡
ɽаŭ
߼ƽͬ񣬾ǰּټˣҲǹصڤдּҲʮֿǹά
Σʵ۾Ȼ˻ּڹǸѹһͷ
ˣǼ˻ʵۣƲǱѹø𣿽ʱҲ˵ˡҪʵһۣһζ̻׿Ǽ˼ǲң
뵽ɽ֪ЦһԶּˣżз纮岻ʣҪϼ²볯ʥ
ʲôżз纮岻ʣⲻǺ˵˵ô
Ѿһ۷ĸ֣÷纮ǰʵ۶Ÿɣûʵ²̨
ڤڳϿɽ΢΢ͷǹȻƷǷҪдʣǻʵ϶ڤȿңĳд󳼣Ū
䣡
ȻĿ⻹δɢȥһ¡ȴ˲䴫ǶڣֱǶĤۡţһ쫷ƬƬɳ
ɳɢȥǰȴ̲ס뵹һ
ڤΧڵеһ֧Ӱɽ˲ʧˡеķףǻؽǰ˻ؿһۣ̣Ĺˣ
䣬˲ʧӰֻʣɽһڤȸ߲㣬ŵò԰׵ɫ˲ʧ˵һɽȫ
ǻ׵ʵҲ̫˰ɣӣһ˾ܹڤȫ˰
ݣ
ͻȻһƿ죬һ۵߳ǰɽһе󹩷ˣ֪
ҵȻ֪Ϸǵ˲Ÿҳֵģ˰֣󹩷ɽ̾˵ߵˡȻǻʵǸֽϻߵȴܹһް˵㡭Ͻ볯ǸȥɣڻʵҲˣ
ɽߵص˵ͷǱЩ޵ĸо
ڤȾôˣ˭ţǺ۸ǲǡ
պɽ׼ʱ˵۶ʳڣһλŮһСȺ򡣴ʵּǰǾûй飬һ㶼ǻʵǣʲôʱҪȻʵͨˣ
ûа취˭ڻʵƱǿأֻܰ̾ǹŮһƫƧķ䴦
ǽ뷿һɽȴǿЦﾹȻλѡҩϲͿּ磬š
ɽˣҲЦ
Ǻ˾͸˴СѱؽһɵһţȻʵټ
ּסȥٵ˭£ɽ
һݣҡҡͷ̾ڰʥ˾գ
Ŷ϶ƽʱ壬ԣƢõġ｣ףͽڤȵһɽƽˣ
øƨ
Ȼɽû˵꣬Ȼ޷޲ƽشһԹ֮ɫϼһȥǿ֣һ仰û˵¼ӡҲ֪ӣһž൱һǵ⼸ȥǿֵƽһ룬ںصǰĵһּԼոֶˣ˵϶𣿡
Ĩһѱӣᡣɽ΢΢ͷû뵽бڤȸҵļ壡
Ǹҩʲô
ͻȻϲڰ֣·ȫûһȥģǸˡϷּģֱǸϷҩȫ˲˵еҩҩȫ˸ɾ
ʲôҩĶԣĪǡ
ϲû˵꣬Ǿг¶ǰδеĿ־֮ɫų̾ͷϵȻУҡʵξȻǸ޷СﶼųˣĶŭ˰
ϲͷ˭˵أ
˵꣬ٴζһۣСǴ˲ϵذ֮̾ⲻЩһԺ
߼ҵļʳǣĴβֺġôһ׼̷̳һȫǿ˰̾ˡ


215 ͻɽ
λ٣ʱһλƫƧСǰ˹
ɽ˱˴˶һۣٴ̾ͬҪ̳㣬ӲͷƤСݡĲಽظš
һĹ򣬱˽ǱĴ⡣ǹһ˸ƣ˱ŲɵĲ˽ȥ
һʵϵڱ룬Ǻڰʥ˾ավһλΰӰǵ۹Ԫ˧ս졣
ٴλ࿴˿鲻Խʿĭûĸо²ӽ
ڤȹɽҩϲּ硭μӱ£빪ϹϾ˿ûյơ
ʵ΢΢ͷдһ˿ʤЦ⣬λ֪Ϊ£
˲ͣžǲԼͬҡԴװɵ㶵£ǲ֪

һʱӵǰʵЦߣǲ֪ǿʶ
ٴμѵ˿ĭ˵亹ɪŵ˵ԴĬˡ
ȻˣǾ˵˵ɣΪιȻּǿ޻ĽأǿԪѫ߼ңҲûȨɣ
һʵһΣϵŭ˲һæڵأˡ
ĵģ߼ҵļһθʵ¹򡣻ʵüͷ΢΢¾ǲʷǰĳУ·ֻصͷһεǻٹٳص龰
ڣʱ٣ڵӼ
ʱ۹һܹõƽ߼ҵļ¹򣿹Ƴ˿֮⣬Ƕһݵ˰ɡ
磬˲еԽȻ
ȴֳֻܱĵףҪȻһָõűˣ
ǣʵɫ䣬һݣǻȴһЩǹ֮ΪԵ޹˴治֮¡ΣɽԻˡ֮ʧ
һ˲ǰһѵʵҸͷҲԼ̨ͺ˵ˣɣΪ׿ôֻҪСŪҺͷٳνˡ
ǣ˵һԵĶսȻȳ˵˭ʹǵģ
䲻һ˿쵽ͷĻ˻ȥ̧͵˻ʵһֻۡɫƽ˫֮ûһ˿
Ҳ˵ս˵֮ǻʵ֮ԡֻ˵ڣöսͰˡ
˼Ҳʵ۲Ҫ֪ΪҪٳǣֻҪ֪Ƿ˭֮ȥľ͹ˡ
ԣʵҪõſǣרԵŵһӰˡ
ɲǼ䣬˵Ķͷ亹ٲ¡
ʵȦϻҪҧˡɹؼǣֻͻҲǺǵİ
ңڵźͻҵȨ֮䣬ֻƷ
̵ģôϡͿߵⲽˣҪǵûŵĻȥΧٳǣҲͷҲκβǡ
ǲѵҧʵ۾ǿҪҧŻŹ
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ȻڴʱһȴͻȻ
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ǰˣȻһ꣡
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ͷͻ̲סɽˣ˾տʵۣ૴ʵ΢΢ͷɫǰδеء
Ԫة𳤷磬Ŵܼ޳Ŵ󹩷ηףμӱ£
ܿ죬ĵӰϵõ˻Ԫ𳤷⣬Ȼˣһͷף׳˶ߣǻ˾ռˣҲ̲סƤһ
ŵһ֣󹩷ַףϼһôҲˣ
˾۾΢΢ȻܹͷȻﵽ۷ľ硣ΪϾ˿֮£Ҳ͸Ϊ
ַҲ˾գ¶ĪЦ⣬·Цַ·ƣ
ѽλ߼ԹƽƽǾԱٰҲ¹򰡣ĻñΪѹ߼ңڵĹأ˳Цⷴݱڲ尡𣡡
ʵ۰˰ݺ𳤷ɽǰЦŽǷʵͫһ˫ȭ˽ݺݵҧҧ
ʵۻû𳤷͸ҷԽ֮𳤷˵ʵҲֻŭȴ
һ𳤷˲佫ʵ۵ѹ£ɽǣվҲǸо˵ųеĿ־ɢࡣ
ʱ䣬ʵǰɽ˵ѹ׹ȥҲκЧˡ
𳤷磬ģ
ʵаޣȴֳǿԪЦǺǺǡʮ겻ʳһΣ˴ǰ֪кҪ£
£´˴ǰģԪһ񣬵
ʵüͷһԶ˶һۣǲ⣬ȻʧЦִ⣬⣡˻ҹףһ򰲷ؼפǣ֪кԣ
ޣ»֣̿
ԪٱȭһƬǫ֮ɫ߼ңǧ꣬ӦΪʡڤҾȻҹȻֹּķٳǣԹҵ߼֮ףû𵽼ල֮ʵ
ǰɣ
ʵ۵ָǲɫ΢΢˳
Կ߼ƽල߼֮𣬱ǻҵΡԪȻְʲôԽ޴ңȨġ
ǧһֱ߼֮ף˵˻ʵȴ޷粵ֻ
ִʵ̫ˣڤҵɱеʵ
ǰȻ߼֮ףӦ𡣲Լϣȴ̫ԼˡңĹҲδôҪǳеʱ𳤷΢΢һЦһ̣¶аĻȣؿ˻ʵһۡ
ͫ͵һʵһЦةԺ⣬ѵ޴𣿡
µȻֻС˶ѡ
𳤷Ļ쳹˶ǰʵ͵һȭ


216 ˼
𳤷磬ѵ˼˵ȻΥʥּǼСˣսؿ𳤷磬ӵشʵ˶룬ǽҵϺڣ
ЦŰ˰֣𳤷΢΢ҡͷЦԪ˧Ϣŭ²޴⡣ΥʥּȻǴǵ޵Ϊ
˵ʲôսһۣ
𳤷æڰ֣ЦǺǺǣԪ˧Īŭ²ָ¡ֻе֮Ե֮ǰҲԵɡ˵Ӧˣ𣿡
һݣʵ۵ɫ΢΢˳ͬ˾պͶս£Ҳһ
ǸոնɽˣͼܿԭɣֻҪųֵİѱ͹ˡڣ𳤷ȴ˴£ʵ۱㲻òˡ
΢΢˵ͷʵ׿ϣ˵ԭɡ
һ£ɽ˵ǳֱͦˣһȭ£½ǷٳҵĴܼң׿𡭡
ţɽ㽫׿ĶУһһʮ档
ʵ۾ڻλϣû˿׿Ϊ֪õ棿ֻ׿ȥ֣ˡ
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һƺѾ˻ʵ۵˼Ƿ·Ҳ뵽ʲôǻĻȡ
Ȼʵ۽ĵˣ޹ȳ׷ǷٳвȥţҪСɵǱǣ
¸֮ģҵȾ壬ԪٴһȭȴһмЦݡ
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µţڤҲòɶǣٳҲ޷ά㶪
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ʱ䣬һѹ˲ѹڳˡ
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Цһַת׿˻Ԫһһۣ΢΢ͷ˱Цţ뿪ʼȨĽǴ
ǵıӰʧ˾յĶͷһ˿ϸܵĺˮתٿ˵һȻӡһĽӡ
ܹƵòڵ½ӡɼոǻַ׵һ֮жôֲ

ʵ͵վһ佫ԵһյƽƵ̨ڵأŭҳӣֱд޵ĳϣ޾ͷ
Ϣŭ
˾ոæһݣȰʲ𳤷ڳ˵¸ոַ׳֣ѹһѹǵơû룬ַ׵ʵȻǿˣʧ˱ϡ֮ˡ
ʵû˵ֻһ˫յ˫ĿУĹâ
ս츧˸룬ɫأֻ̾ԭƻǽڤңŵ档ãҲֻܷǣٸžһ𡣿ڣų־ǣԺǻӾ£ڵˣ죬ΪžΪ˼£ʵ˷۱Դ֮󣬵صøţʵǿ˲٣ѶԸˡ
˾΢΢ͷʵȴһֱ˵Ųƺ˼ʲô
ͻȻʵ۽һͣоһ·ʲôһ˾ټǲǿҪʼˣ
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ǡǧ˲űһ죬·ֳ˸׵ĹȻҲȣȴԶдԣ츳֮ߣϣͻվﵽһ˵۷ز֪µһУ˭Ķ֡
˾üͷʵȴЦһ˵˭ܱȵǸСţ
£˵׿˾պͶսһڡ
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˾պͶսһۣȴǳĬ
Ȼ׿ȷǾϲȴʵǸ̫ǳΪڰңܷ񿸵סŵʴҲ˵صų֣ͷַӱҸˣΪȻ¥¼塣
Ǿ벻ǣ׿Ѿ׳û˿΢ˡ
һ棬𳤷˳ûʳǣ϶ǹ֮ɫɽˣܿǰֺĻʵ۱ͷһˮ˷Ī
ͬʱʵһ㣬˶Եǻַ׸ӳ羴
̵ģûԱм˰
ة࣬ζİæڴлˣԪ𳤷һȭ΢΢һ
𳤷絭Цһ˰֣һֱĬ޳ǺǺǡ㲻лңⲻĴܼң֮𣿡
𳤷ЦЦ˵ȥֻǾֱ뿪ˡԶ˫ϵڲࡣ
ɽ˻Щԣ޳ɫֹס˱䣬Ԫһۺ󣬽¶֮ɫ
ûһж޳ļ֮Уɽ˻ᱻʵ۶ϣҧšôڹؼʱ̣һصͶš
ֻԪ֪ļƻ𳤷磬ȴ·һ۾ͿһС
ңң𳤷ʧıӰ޳Ԫٻ࿴˿󣬱Īйة𳤷ѹܳΪ֮ףǸµ
ͬһʱ䣬𳤷Ȼ̤С䣬¶ĪЦ⡣
ةƺ鲻׷˿𳤷磬Ц
𳤷΢΢ͷЦ쿴һȺɵӣΪԼʤˣǡǺǺǡ
һ⣬ɢԻ֮ɫ
𳤷Ҳ˵ֻĵһǧģûеģߵĶ׽͸ȥӣˣ


217 
ٳǺڷɽĵӰ׿˻ˡ
ưĸ弶󣬳׺ѩʱһ¶˾֮ɫ
ҹţƵģȻ˹ģѹܼҶôֶͨιˣֻԭôû˵
˱˴˶һۣв⡣
׿֪룬ȴҲ˵ֻ־һ䣬뵵Ĺâ룬ʱһͨ׿Ƚ룬˵Ҳæϣ
صң׿ټи߲㣬λ³ϵĵ
ʵ΢ϣжһָͷģνҸ߲㡣׺ͬ뵱һ㣬вʧ䡣
ǣͬǣǱϾܹ׿ĲпԴﲻˬҲұֳ
ֱ׿ǽܴСʱ˲۾һ˵˵֮ԣѹʩѩѵļͷһ̾СֱͤͤŮ·һ㣬治֪պҪĸСˣ
һ죬æǫذ˰ݣֱҡͷȴ̵ģ͵׿һۡͬʱλϵӳá
ͬո֣λȴʮֵƽ׽ˣûֺĸо
벻ǣȫ֮ǰ׿̹Ĺϵ
ˣ׿üͷҲһɻô˵Ҳ߳Ĵħͷūϥ֮ôԵ޹ʵֺѾͷأ
ת׿һ죬æɿһŤͷȥʲôҲ֪
ˣȻѾʶˣ˾Ͷȥɡ֣׿˸˾λֻ졢ɡ׺ѩʹСˡ
ţɨһ۳׺˵ӽ쿪ʼλͰϷ\ͱӰ֮ᴫǣͬϡ϶ˣĸһ𣬽ӦسҲ֮أ
ǣ׺ѩһȭ
һ˷֮ɫһĸĳͰĽɽ߼ҹҲٲˡ
⡭
˵ţ׿йâ˸óһֻȥǼȻѾΪҳϣܼȻҲǡһ׺Ҿʺǵģ
׺ӹѩһۣ˽һɻ֮ɫ
ȫ룬׿ЦⲢʲô似ֻһܹڵʵߵֶΣ
ʲô
һƺЩ⣬׿ŵν֮߮ķšͨײصܣһƲãǾͻȡؾҲΪؾ
㻹̫Σˣѿ˶һۣƺ൱ģϳֹ
׺˼ˣɸжϡﻩ
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׿ȴЦҡҡͷСǣǱúܲҡҿλϵˮ֮ϵ޷졣˵ǶͨԱ˴˽ͨ͸±Լ˽Լ˵ĻȻˣˮǹܣһܹƺáɻᣬǻɹ
ɣ
ɴһҲǴ󼱵ɼʣҲ̫˰ɣ
ҡҡͷ׿ԽΣյ飬رԽ󡣶λ߳ʮۣ˵˰ɡһһҿɱ֤֮ޱ޼ʡƿضǿܣжǿʵպ󣬶˺Ҳûпܵģ
ͫ͵һ˲һ𺧣
ҵĻǿսһͬΪ۷壬һҲѶԸ˵ˡ
׿˵黰ȻŵǾͱضд˻ᡣ
һʱ䣬쿴˫ͫҲâַˣҪȻϷ
Ϲ׿ܼҸǵģٴ⣡׺һѩͬؿ죬г˾֮ɫ
ǶȻమǽ꣬ʵȻҲִšĻر֮󣬱˵ɼʣɣҲҪһԡ
ûôһ·ﵽصľ磿
˫Ŀȴʼû뿪һƺ־ڱصá
׿ҡҡͷ̾ϣⷨŲʺ㡣Ļ˵ˣ
ʲôʣ츳ʵұҪǿö࣡첻ص
׿ÿɷʼ磬Ƕˡ
׺ҲȲؿʼ쿴ϵݣһӺ󣬶ȴȫסˣ˲ͨ
һæôˣѵɬѶ˶ⲻ⸱ģϷ
ȥң㿴ѹûãѩݵһۣ׺Ҳصͷ˴֣ٺٺ١׿ܼңôóһ˫޷أֲ˼ģ
ʲô˫޷
ͫһ͹ˡ죬ҡҡͷҲˡ
׿ǴЦȡЦҪͨˣǱ˴ܹԳķ룬ϣҽǶ֮ˣݷʵҿζ
ƲƲ죬޻ɽ׺ѩЩΪѣ࿴˿ոͨ졣
׿ܼңⷨҲˣ׺ƣɬϾҺѩ޷֮ʵ
üͷ͵һ׿ʮûз֮ʵȻãԺ󻹵ˣ
һЦҶûϲˣñС㣬ոλϰ˰ɡ
׺˫ͨ죬ȴԣֻصͷ
׿ͫһȴǴȵʲôգʲôϲ£ȫףڣӰ׷̵ģʮһ绨ˣû㶨ѾҲ̫˷ˡ˼Ϊ㱣˼ʮĻòϽӹݵȥ

׿һ˳׺ƨһ£ȴϲ̵ѩ뿪һߣһЦ׿ܼҵҲû취Ϊ˼棬Ǿίһºˣ
ԣѩһۣͷ뿪ˡ
ŶһʧıӰϲ¶һ˿Ľ֮ɫתһԵ׿ͻ˵ˣҲԼ
üͷһ壬׿ֵؿһۣƲԡ
ڶ֮ѲΣȻʧЦ׿ܼңҾҲ˷ˡ
Ȼû˵꣬׿һۣŵñס졣
˰Ǿû취ˡС㣬ϷֻܰˡԴת׿𴦡
ʱͻȻյ׿ǰЦ׿ܼңĳϣͷҡ
ҲǴô׿һۣ
ͷЦǺǺǡô˵ǳ⣬ϷҲһߣиߵ׷󡭡
ˣ˼׿ڰ֣óһ򣬵ȥԭҶԶǺƳ磬ȻҪΪԼˣҵȻᾡ㡣׸߼似žŻƣԼžŰʮһ涾Ʒ
ƷĪ⣬֮⡣žŰʮһ涾ÿһоžŰʮһֱ仯ÿһֱ仯ֻŸˡΪݱ䡣˵˴ƣǳԽûй̶Ľҩνй٣Уȥɣ
۾Žӹ˷֮ɫɱ߲ǿ˰һһأûȡٺٺ١׿ܼңͨĳǸˣ
ƨպİ¾ͺã׿˻֣ʧЦæͷ
ˣ°ֱ졣ʲôӣ׿ܼұô׺ҲˣϹһڣҪһݹ
ϷǲҲȥȣȥһ׿ܼң
ܿ죬ҡҡͷˡ̰õĵǶġ⹤ǰħɷ۷˵ɡ
ȻڴʱһȴͻȻӺڷɽ𣺡ֵܣˣ
׿üͷһҡҡͷ֪ߺˡ


218 װƵͳ
˻֣׿ĳϣȫлرܡΪñ֪Ҳ˶ٸ֡
ţ㿴һۣЦС㣬ţԳȥӭӣ
һԣɲ֪ɽ˭׿ȥȻȻܡΪС㣬ܸиͷ
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ǶҪ׿Ȼûд⽿ݵĴСһͨһֻ֣ϣǨ
Ҫǰ׿ֱǲġڣ׿ԼԼƢ˺ܶࡣǶˣûڹʲôɫˣ
ģӻħô׿а̾ȴûʲôգһ泩񵭣ƺָоƵġ
͵ۿ޿κε׿һۣһЦ¶˻Цݣ·һ
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ȻˬʣºˣĴϵţȴȻ˺ˮȫҲ㣬Ѿȫʪ͸ˡ
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ԣҲ׿ˣ｣񣬷סƺѷѧʼûĴһֻۣĿؿĸ弶̾
ǵǶʮλŻɫߣ̧ͦͷݡڲˣǻɡ
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˭˵أҪǸּҿû˼ôԶҡҡͷһֵ꣬Ͻ̧ɽʵ̫ˣ
䣬ϱΧһȺˣа˾Ÿһʹ̵ľŽӽһͨǰٲά衣
ÿһŲڽ²ȳһĽӡ
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ʱ䣬µЩʹӣ˲˲٣̱ڵأ¶ǰδеҸЦݡӸˣѹˣ
ЩɫµߣҲæշ𣬸ȥ
׿ѶһۣЩᱳʹʹӣɽ·ȥЩʹӣҲѵõ͵øаɡ
ڷɽɽһͤ£ƴزŲĺˮվһ࣬ܵ⡣ȺߣȻһԣ
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׿ҲԣÿվϻƺҪһ顣ǻûǶ˲赹ˮҲǾôСðˣûܳǵĲܣûоҪǡ
ѵ˵Ǹ֮
ǺǺǡŲǰɡϣˣûعҷ֮ڣ˭ħأ
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ʱͻȻѾشյǰ͵аЦֵܣʵˣʵЩֲҵ£ģ
ҵģ
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۾һϲԽЩԺҵġ
Ȼ˷ܵرȥúùĦһЩ͵Ķʮϣ׿ǰ˰֣ޱӣǻʵ͵ϣҲҪúò쿴һ䲻פң
ԣӲסˣһԴԺ
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ɲǼ䣬׿ɫ˲
ʼ磬Ťͷĵطˣ¶⼸ϣҲôð
ţƺĳϣһûһءֻΪһţƺĹܼڡҵĹؾǣ˭û⣬ҪҲλܼҵĻߺߣǾˣ
ʱ˭Ȳ㣬׿ҵȨǲƵģ
ЩȻ֪֪ŻϣҲҪһȡһȣͰԼȽȥˡ


219 ֻװ
⻰˭˵ģվ׿ɨȺˡ
ʱһݵվ˳׿ЦߣƿСëû롭
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û˵׿һ˦֣һ⣬ֱתһȦ׿ܼң
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Ѫ嵽ͷʲôҲ˲ˣӶ˲תˣһ׿ŴȥгСΪȻҶǰ֣Ϸúýѵһ٣
Ļ䣬۵һ췢۾һ͹¶˲˼⡣ϢԽԽĪ֮УԶԴ
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ɫһϲҲϲɫһǵˣҲ⵽ʵ۵ĳʹˡ

Ȼ׿һתЩˣȻǽҴţҪҵĹأȵһҲҪһǣֻҴܼ׿ˣ˧װƣ˭ǰװơ˭װ˭
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촽ͣصͷȴЦöӶˡ
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ո׿署Цһأ˵ǰҹ棬ֻǷǵľԣΪõҹ̽׼
Ȼ˼ɳʱҹ΢΢һ£׿ˡ
ǻʵ۴µĳϣʵ۸ǵضҰšҹ棬Ӧúܿܽܡ
ڣȴ˳ɡҲ˵ǱʶУǵһ˶һʱֲӦ
ͨһ㣬׿¶һصĻȣˣѾҳϣɴϴ죡
׳ϣ
һȴϳ׿ǰȭ׿ܼңкηԸ
ЩǱ´͸ҵĳϣԺǹͳ죬һҪǴˣ׿΢̣¶а컡ȡ
챾һ˷ܣô֡׿Щˡáˣ׿˼ҪǣǲҴܣ뿪ԼߣҲǰǶס˼
΢΢˵ͷһؽǴˡ
ΪңȴûȻ׼һ㣬Ҳ׿»صСͤһϯȴǸЦ
ֵܣҼҹ棬˵⣬ǰǰϸҸˣ׿򣬴Ц
׿ÿɷûǰ
ҲǸЦЦΪǰΪõأܿ죬ȴɫһ࣬׿ôڣҪˡҴܼ׿ּ


220 ټ
꣡һæ°ݣ׿ȴе˵ɣ
̲ס˳飬һͷ£εֵܣô˵ҲʥּӣǷ۾ҪԴģ
νֻǼˣֻҪӲ˵ҲҽӵˣǾͲ⡣ң˵ȥҲûʲôȻʵּõҵĵطôΪһ̶֥Сɱң׿Цһʼ硣
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һҡͷɴҲ˦˰ӣٽôˣǸͣҲûôʽҾͼҪ˵˰ɡʵλϵ˼ǣСӲμӰټ˼Һݺݴһŵ
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һһظָţϴε¥ӦϤˡͷǳ̾Ҳᣬѳ̾߼пպաȻǿʵ̫¥ҲֻõסƺԤʾ˻¥ʵҲ߼
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ЦЦϴΰټ֮Իȫǳ˼޵ڤŵȫǿͨԳǣǱϣϹĹֲٿƣŵ춨ġûˣڤȵʵǱǿ
ҩ֮ܵڶλãȫǶҩɵĶ̫ˣû˸ҿȻĻûжƸǵʵ֡
˵û˵ȥ׿ȻˡҲ˵ڤȺҩʵǿ⼸˳ġЩ˲ǱǱڹˡ
ôʵȻȴǰˡ
ʱƲƲ죬̾ʱİټǳ˺ܶﰡĹǣ߼֮УΪôһˣʮλҲ߼ҵһšҩɣǧѳľǱľʱʶ׽ۣǧһ
׿΢΢ͷаҡ
һγɱ֣ĹߣɱˣΪ˲ٺ󻼡
ĻĹ߻ţиıƣͷˡȥĹߣֱȥڤһʵ
룬ڤһУﳬֵڶҩɣٺ٣˳ӻ׬˲١


221 һ
ˣ߼ҵĴʵҪϸģΰټǿĶ֣
йâ˸ٴóһɫȥֽ߲㹫ϵģ߼ǿţһ
һ׿üͷһǾӹвЩ档һţڻ¥ʱʱûôע⣬ڲ֪߼һ죬Ҳǰ֮Ȩߵ䣡
ŵһ߼һǧֵʷ츳ǿӵܡһЩŵӵܣҲضãй֮Ҳ˵δ߼Уʵﵽǰδеĸ߶ȣҽƿءҲΪʲôżһͳ߼ҡӺĻǸĴ۽Զܳɹ
׿΢΢ͷȻ
߼ҵǿʢֻǻҵһͷ̣ҲǵŵǡΪȥĻܻܿᱻ߼ҹϷ֣߼ҲҼܿյľ档ȻҲֵô棬߼֮УλȴήͣҲ߼֮Ծӡͬʱһһͳѡ
׿˼Ƭ̣ȲչǼϸȥ
ȣһеһǻ¥¥캮ǣһָϻ¥λã֮ˣ츳ˣССͱ㱻նΪִһҴȨ¥Ը°ƺΪʵȴĺǿ߼೤϶
Ȼӻû˵꣬׿Цſ
Ӳһͣһ̾˿˵ûҲ˵ȴҲûࡣڳ귽֮ʣȥһλ¥ȵΣ֮ˣˡȻȥˣڻʱлʱĻ档ϧʱһֱɴ棬Ҳܵÿݡפһ࣬ƳһۣͲٿˣ֮鴫
ôҼ׿˵ͷȻ
΢΢ͷǺܿͫһ·ŷӦеʲôǡǼˣգ
ϻûô׿һЦذ˰ͷ
һĽʺޣ˫ȭ˶æʲôӣǲ紫Ĳɷ
ǺǺǡô˵أǳ㣬߻Ҳݡֻ˵գֻ벻û׿ЦһִһװƵĻᡣ
ǹһ˿ĭ۷죬ݺݵصһǷģ׿ôÿк¶СǵľգмܿӶûһ÷ݣСôˣ
һԵ΢΢ŭӵ׿ĺƯ𣿡
ǵȻҸദգع۲ã˵覣׿˵ͷȻ
һ£ϵŭɫأȴǼʵڵѪгʲô㻹ദգôܣ𣿡
ţ˶ɡϾ˶ǲͬģ㲻Ϊ˵˼ĮǸˡֵܣ˵䲻ĻҪǸŮˣһۣҲٿˣӵļ׿̾ϢҡҡԴ
һͷ£͵س˳顣̵ģ˵˸ĻԺܲܺúˣˡ
Ȼ׿ͫһɫ˲ǵ츳ȷܸߣ˵ߵַ˼ĳ̶ȣȣҲδءŵĻƶ򲻹һﶼ̶ֳȵĻھͿԶԸˡ
׿Ļνȴûб粵Ͼ׿ֻ¥󣬻ȫˣʸˣ
ǣһֱĬķȴǸɿһ׿СӣĻİټ»Դ
Ŷ˻׿üͷһ̣ؿλ
۾΢΢У׵Ҳȥ¥֪˻¥⼸ĴѾͷҲ׿ԽϧڷƮҡ֮£ȴǵȣӵһأŵڵʵǰô졣ո˵ƶ򲻹Ҫǣʮ֮ʣƽ֣ʱϷڳöϣ½Σ
׿üͷ˶¶ã
ǺǺǡһУܣЦʱҾͿŮгԽʡҵӵܣҲȫʡ
׿ͫ΢΢Ȼͷٲӡ
ңڻ¥г̾³Ů޾Ϳרȥˡʱ䣬治֪ķԾӵܣʱãҲǿεİټϷҲڴ쿴˿ƿգЦ
׿һ¶ǰδе֮ɫ
緽ԵĻһʵᳬԽԼҵĳϡҪԵģ߸һĴڡ
׿ˣȻͷһָǾ֮У֣硣٣߼ҡ磬ƹȣ׽
֮У׽л䡣ң˫лܵл֪ǿ˶ٱĽš似ʽ೤һӶδܲ͸Сӣ˵ʮʱȻɣŹ
һһø׿⣬׿΢΢ͷţָһλõĵʱ˶ָҲ˶¶֮ɫ
ֵܣǰЩˣĲʲôˡŴӣ죡
Լƽһ£ӽŵĵܻܵѼǼһֻӹ֮еӹšǰһҲֻͨ˶ѡһеţеĹ
鱨ＫΪϡ١ǿԿ϶ǣ˳֣һֲУ
׿ͫ͵һ𺧣
Ѿոջ˵һôţƣСģھ˵һȲһСӣǶôµĴڰ
ص׿ļͷ֪̾˰ɣֵܣŵңҲôɵġĹȣ㻹ǲǸҵĹ׿Ͳһˡ
۾΢΢У׿˼ú૳İɣ֮İټǵǰһһոµ׿ҡڴڼ䣬ҪȥһЩ飬ϣܱ֤ƽ
˫ͫһ뷽ױ˴˶һۣ˶Цŵ˵ͷ
İɣֵܣ㰲Ϊټ׼ǡҵİΣϡңڰټո¶ͷǣʱнֱӴͷ¼šʱ򣬵Ҫ붯ǣͨңǾ͸ˣ׿һм嶼۵ŵҲһûκμɵģһ
׿΢΢ͷ³һ
ΣΣΣղлεİټһ۷


222 ɽ
֮󣬶׿һЩ󣬱뿪ˡ
ŶԶȥıӰ׿о˸תȥС㣬ѼµĶǸ߳ٳǵʱˣ
üͷһؿһۺ󣬵˵ͷ
һ󹤷ʱ䣬˴ҪȺͳϣû⣬Ҹ߲ȫ
Ѻ׿λϣɨһۣ㽫ǰ˵һУֽһ顣
ôԣһȻ˴˿˿¶֮ɫϾεĻʵ̫ˣȻҪһչ˲ʮ˼壬ȥֱӶԿǧ߼ҡ
⣬ѻʯ
죬ҲǽüͷϵҡԴ
ϣڵŴãڵҶϻмʤ㣿׿ͻȻ죬
һ˵Ҳ˹ȥȴĴ𰸡
һҡҡԴնûУ˿ûӮÿܣ
ͫɵ˵Ķ˲ȥ׿Ҳüͷ۹ŵùģ¾͸ӳ
ϣϹǵ׿ܼҿɲһˡ͹ǾɱʮֵмѵǸлСܱȵù׿ܼ𣿡ʱѩЦһĵ
ǣ䣬׿ݺݵһۣ㣬ڲƨʱϣһ㡣ȻһոյĻǺȥ
һͣѩæͣΪѾ׿еĮ
ͬʱҲһݡû뵽׿ƽշŵƺĿһУǹؼʱȴСĽ
ҲǶӾأһλߣƫƫţ֮ʣɱ˫ۣ׿侲
찵ͷ׿ܼңʵӺͷײûСӣе;˵Ӷ࣬ǣǼˣֻһӡߣĹ
׿۾һУ˵ȥ
ոѩԣ׿ܼҶ͹Ǿܸɵ֡ϷҪλ˵ǣ׿ܼҲǵһˡʮǰԶ͹Ƕصʵɻ˵еϡҪ֪ЩϸĹǲͬɶʼʵʵǿߣ
ôܣ
һΣ׿Ҳŵؽгܹ֣һǱýɳ塣ʵ󣬳֮⣬ķһǿ˱̬ĳ̶ȡ
·ϵķӦҲǿЦһҡҡͷϣ˵Ĺڣ·Ϊ˰з˺Ŷڽ¶ϵġǹϷ뿪ǰһֱɴ󹩷̵Ҳ֪ﵽ˺ֲΡƶﵽǻؾϣʱʵ治֪ǿ̶ֳȡ
ԣ׿üͷøˣԻʵ벻ͨһ˾츳ٸߣܴﵽ˷˼ĵزţǹ
Ϲ˵׿ܼҾ˿ûʤ𣿡׺ü׿ĵ
׿ǿư෴ʮָм׿Ļѩô޳
˵׿ǵýˣ׿İΣҲȻġ
Цҡҡͷ쵭ЦҲδأոϷֻ˵ʵϣ׿ܼ޷սʤǸ׿ܼҵֶΣ˲֪ѵǼϼһﻹ𣿱ˣǶôҵģ
һ䣬˱˴˶һۣȫЦ
û׿Ŀ²ʵǲĹߵļƣû뵽ĹֶΣ
ǰЩϵĻ׿Ӯʹܶˡ
ҲȻЦЦ̾һİټǧǿһ˰ɡҺϷһٶ꣬ȻУϷֻܵڻˣ
һٴδЦ׿Ҳ΢΢Цͷȴɿһ죡
λϣǿ֪֮ܲأȻ׿ʵ
һ㶣׿ܼҴԺ⣿
йâһһö׹ľ޵˲ǰ׿ЦһָָΪ
ޣȸĵͫ͵һ뾪г
ţһ۵ؿ׿ٺٺ١׿ܼǲ˲ٱ޵ĵСҪǷϱһֻڲ࣬ոּ˶ܰ
ǰѾǧ࣬Ҳһֻ弶޵ѡû뵽׿ܼѾغһֻޣǿҲŪı׿ܼҹȻֶιˣѩͳ׺һۣͬĽ
˰֣׿ЦǾͱƨˣŵҲżȻáֻǰЩˣȥ¥ΪѰҺΪָ֮һܽûָҪҪҵ׵ۼ֮ɣ
ǻףڸ󲻾ˣѩʼ
һڣ⵽׿Ͼķ£Ȼ׳֮зʵǿ
΢΢ͷ׿
ȸڷʱյϡ٣Ǿͻᵼ첻㣬ʵ𣬰װ׿ϧޡ
ң׿˼ҲҪ죬Ȼһֶһȸ֮£ʵڲ
˵һòϢǾֻǸطˡźӣ˼ã૳
ճѩ㼱ɣء߼Ҷвѵǳϸ鷳𣿡
˵׿Ƥ˶
һ˱˴˿˿ɽ
ɽôˣ
׿ܼ룬Ǹطܲ׿ըֹѲ֪ˡഫ֮ǰˣ쿴׿һۣ
˫ͫһ׿еãӾҵĵ
У
ȻԸճѩ㼱ǰҪȥûʲôǾʮǰ֮һħڣĸˣ֮ࡣȥڷʱСĽ⿪˽ƣ˳͵ͬڵħڣǿɳﲻ𡣡
׿۾һУ૵˵šħ˿أ߶ڲ쿴𣿡
ûУħƺǷͲˣ϶û˸ðŵǵķգ˳ɡ
ǻ¸ƨ㲻Сķųˣƨ˾ǣ˭֪Ǹɵģ׿üͷһЦ
ѩһ룬ҲԡĻҵǲ̫ˣҪһħڷ֣Ǿͳ군ˡ
׿ô֣ôеǷ¶հǰ˺ôܵħ֮λΪһ
Ǻ׿һĴȣɽǰȥĿģΪ˷ȸ
Ϊ˽Ͽ׼ģڣȴҲҪΪ˶ԸǸʱ׼š
ڳ֮ǰɺһûκ뵽񡣶ʵʩδƿľƣ˾Եá


223 ˣħĹ
ݣ
ƿջ׿Żɽķ򣬼ǰС
ϣжʱգ׿ϵ䣬
ǰԼĪ˿Ϸ㣬֮ڱص
ã׿һͷһٶټ֣쵽ҹζ࣡

ͻȻƿ죬һӰȻϮ׿ͫһǰͣ£ۿǺӰҪɴ󺧡
ڴʱæһ֣ʱץס׿ӲŽͣ£Ȼ͵һ㽫˦󡣶ǺӰٶȲأ
צһȣһצ

һ췢ǵӰʱɻȥ찺ȻڿУݡͨƣȴڲϲ
ϣô
׿æǰ쿴ȴüҡҡԴҪֻǼƷһƷϡϷ֣ڹƾҪҵˡ
س˿׿΢΢ͷûʲô󰭣Ҳͷˡ
ȻִܳӵƷȣҲǸˣյһ㰡
Ȼ䣬һļЦһӰأȻڶǰ׿⣬һֽӵǼɫƷ
ˣ׿ǲſǼɫƷһף˸һöõȡִ֮ˣΰСĿª·Ǹ٪壬һɷͰƣȴ˾ԲС
ظ֣׿ͫһһۣ뾪гڡ
٪ˣƺ൱˷ܣ㵸عֽгȻ֪ӵǾ͸Ͻ־ܣҲһ
ߣضѣҲԼĽ͸ϷǰڳԣһЦǰһȫ͵شš
ʱ䣬ǿѹѹ٪ˣʲôϼһﾹȻظ֣
ǺǺǡûʵ͸ҳ֣СܻڣﵽؾҲǸ漣ˡЦһ׿ƳһۣڸӷˣѾʲôˣΪҪ͵Ϯǣָܺʹ
۾գգ٪ش׿һűЦһ͹صСװֻͳˣҲүүҵţ
˲ĵСȻҲҳӵүүɫ׿ü̫ѨͻͻֱϣʲôˣϽⶫǺ·
û⣡
ҲѿСĿˣ׿װƣΪǼƹߣ֮ʡѾһ棬˲СʵϷʲôʸϷǰװƣ
ǿ벻̣
׿һȲسȥСҲɴ󾪣æеȡ
飡
ʱ䣬ײľڶȻûκħΪߵȫһǿӲ
һ˫ƴϣҲ˿·硣
෴ڶʵϵĲ࣬٪Ȼ֣ÿһཻʱȴǿԪýڽںˡ
Ȼܲ͸磬ʱܲ˺ʱˣض
ģӲˣ٪֧ŵƺ൱̲࣬ס󣬲òҧҧȻһʱսȦ
ǣΪҪʱ٪ȴǶȻһ˫ٴ͵˺ȡһθǰͬĺ趯ܾǾ˺ҲǺ֮
ɲǼ䣬٪һɹԹŻΪһֻõӣаЦſˡ
ǡħǹаģ׿üͷ΢΢һƺҲЩ죬ʵû뵽ȥɵƵ٪壬ȻպݶƵħߡ
ȴһҲġħкħħɷħҲǰеġ
û뵽ɣүүҿݶµħ֡үүһ׵ͼ似Ӱȣ궼ɵô˰ɣ٪ӰзЦһ飬³֣ƣ
ʲô㾹Ʋңȥɣ
٪Ӳʹȴͦ顣ǲм֣ŭһЮӰ˹ȥ
ȴֻһ̣мƲƲ죬˿طϣͬʱȫһɺɫӰ֡
۵СϷվ㿴ʲôħ似ħɷһʽħ죡

һ쳹صľ޺𷢳Ю֮Ӱȥ˿ûģһƨûӰ˲䱻ײӰ١
ۣ
Ǹ٪̲סһѪ˳еǸȣҲ˲ʱΪء
һƷȻײϣɼλʹħɷʵжôֲˡ
ʱ˿̣ǶΪصĺȣǸ٪·ʶԼĴߵˡ֮ͫУҲ¶Ŀ־֮ɫ
ȵȣȵȣˣŹ٪弱ڰ֣
ת׿׿һۣȴ׿ȻŤԴ֪ľ⡣ٴתͷǹ˲̵Ļȣ۵С֪ˣˣ
䣬Цһȥ٪ŵþгֵǣǴ챻˴ˣҰ
˭ҶҴ磬˭ҶҴ硭
Ȼһ̶Ľ첻һ̧ͣ׿ȥȴӰ֮䣬ǰ
ͬʱǿƷ磬빥·ƵòһսȦ׿ߡ
ʱǰʱ׿ͬʱסˡֻʱǵǰֶ٪壬ǵһ٪峤໹Ϊƣֻ̬ȴвͬ
е鶯ееĵӣǵһ٪ȴ˵ķ£վ¶׺ݵĿ⣬Цҵֵˣ˰ɡʶģϽ־ܣһ
̲ס˶׿һͷ¡
ѾĹȻӲʹողűѵһ٣˲ˣԣڻװơ˼ǿҲ㣬׿ˣҲǸһؾѡ϶Ը´࣬ٽ
ϣЩǶĶ˵ɣʵڿȥˣ׿ͷ̾˿
ȴͫһ·뵽ʲô㣬Ѹٸһ˿׿ܼң鷳ˡ
һ㶣׿ԣһȭλѵǾǴУħڷɽġħĹ
ͫһ׿ʧɫת׿ˡ
ǾǱħڹѺķˣнôôܳˣ
ȻԺ쳤Хһһ˸ΪƵͣûǾħӢܣ˳˵ħĹ
Ǹͣǵһ٪壬ѾˣҪƴͣ׿һͷߴ¡
ĸⰡһȺɵƣ治ħڵôĸ
ϣǰ˵ˡڲ֪ΪħڰǷڻɽҲˣߺߣҪңҲٿĸǰ֣
ǣȴûжɫԽԽأ૵׿ܼңĸ񶼲ֵ̫Ǻ䶯İ
ԣ׿͵ͫһؿ˹ȥĻҪúˡ


224 µĺϻ
磬ǿӣǻǸϽܰɣոհͣһ٪Ѹٶ㵽̽һԴ׿ɪ
׿һ㶣ô£װƾɽ˵ˣûءһʼͲԼΪеĻʲôͣװʲôƣֱܲ͵ˣ
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׿΢΢ͷ⻹˻еνͣ׿ֱӺԵˡڿĸС˵ġ
ǣ뷨ոð٪һ仰ݺݵشһƣ˵㲻ϴ󱨳ϴȶŪˣôҲһǣ
٪һָһԣϳصĺȣץסԼλãƺʮһ㡣
׿պݺһ飬Դһͷ¡
ոյ뷨ҲˣѾҲԼĴ类˲ȥܣȥһģ
һƷΪǿߣѵҲôں
ڣλϴǸһ٪壬ҲȥԼƵܵܵУһͷһ˺һ£ģǳܵģǸӳġӴͷһ尡
˵ţϴȵһ׿߳ȻûһѪ˳ǼСȴһֱ׿
尡尡һ٪壬ƺǿֲ´һֱԱȥźԼȴѹû
ͫһ٪׷ŭĿӣű㲻ٹ׿ǣǼź٪ȥݺһ١
̵ģÿԱ߽еߣȴ٣ͻˣ
ǰȳ壬ȻǶˡ
ţ侲һ㣬ϴѾˣǻΪ
Ǹ٪ӵ˻һ٪ϻŭţ֣Χһŭ
ģÿξѾϺȣӰʿǲŻ䣡
ǣϴηвǰôܣôŵǸط֮ࣿ
һֽŲãĹ񺿣Ǻܿ죬ķ·뵽ʲôг϶أϴҪ̰ͼСˣȥ˱ôֲ㣬ܶأ
Ȼ䣬ͣתۿǸǰҪ׿⳥٪壬Ȼּսţһ϶
׿һԿֱ飬ĸ⾿ʲôǸģĸ˻ȺŹ
ǰȻ޼ɵظڧҲ֪ǶǶ˳ӣӲʹ
ϣĸĺǿ𣿡׿ƲƲ죬૵
һգЦӦðɣǵĴԣϷҲǵ;˵ģû֡˵һͬ黥ͨΪˣħڲŽ룬ϻ֮˳֣Թѵڣʤǿڻ£
һԲϣԼˣܶУ׿ӣÿɷ
ҲȻʧЦһ˴һһΪ׿׿ܼңǸո˵ҲˣǲŻᱻɡȻ黥ͨԸ죬ȴǺĥϣ
ǵһ٪˵ħĹеϴɷΪ׺çײԡԶôǿĵˣһ˾͸ϳ壬Ҳ˺ֵܸûСҲΪʲôûиоԪ̽ǣֱӹǺȵԵʰɣ
ţĶƳ̶ȣҺ׿΢΢ͷЦ
ָǸȺŹ٪Ǹ⳥ȵСħĹе϶ĹеĿ⣬Ϊһ㼦ëƤ棬˴֡ǵ͵ļ֥飬ϵģ
˱ûãԸһҲԼ磬ҼҲһ١׿˱ʹధŵӣһ
ЦЦָǸһֱȥԱҡźȴٵ٪ħĹе˼ӱ͵Ϯÿսߣÿÿ¶Է׼ô󹦵ȴԣҲ͵ļ˽ɫ
Сӵпȡ֮ȡУֻСڸԼˣܲˣ׿΢΢ͷ૳
һָǸ˸ͺ󣬾һֱڱ˱٪һħĹеģСÿսǶϴ󡣿дԣʵǿġԺ֣ܶ˴
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ȴŵɫ԰ףӲ˲ͷϵ亹޳ˡ
׿ܼңң
վĸ٪岢һ·ȥҲûдɵ֮ȫһɷ
ʱСٵСҲٶܣĹ˫иû֮ɲǼ䣬˷·ȫɷһȫ³
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ԭĹη壬һսձɫ¶ǿǿڲ壬Цһɣħɷһʽħ죡

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ȻȻôţǵҪײʱȴֵʱĹЦˡ
Ȼ䣬ǰǹɺĹƣ˲ʧһħ쾹Ȼײˡ
ͬʱ߳˵Ӱٶ֮죬ʶ򶼲׽ֻ޾ĹЦ쳹·ʾѾȫΧ
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׿һԿţԹ壬ʱͫҲ̲ס˶üͷ΢΢૵ĸˣȻֱˡ


225 Ĺ
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ŭ죬ĸСֻһ򣬲ỻһ𣿡
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ǻһаĻȣ׿ٴζһۺ΢΢ͷȻͣΣȻתŻʲôֱ֪ײĹȻħɷʽ

ͬŭ𣬼׿վֵԪ͵ػΪһħĹӿȥ
Ĺˣɴ󺧡û뵽˶˾Ȼ似Ǻϻ󷨵Ŀǡ
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Ȼ춯֣׿ȴǼ˰ֵĸһãҷǵΪǣ
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ٺٺ٣ĸԺпͷˡ


226 Ҳжʱ
ոôˣôκġ
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׿ܼ˼õǡ
̾˿׿óֻװѪϵĺ«üûʱѪҺҩνѪϵĲӼ쵽ҩƭĸ׳ճȥأȻӲʹϾվ
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һֻֻѪǵУǽԶҵӡǡ


227 
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˸ո»ɣ־һ𣬰ڳǸΪƵͣߣôĵӣȻҰǣιǳԳӣֱǡһΣ־ܣҲǵĹˣ
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׿ͥŲǰɨһۣЦţ㽫Ѫϵǽһ顣ˣǲףԭѱǰסˡ
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һģͣɣҵԴҪˣ
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һ仰ȴʱ׿ĸо
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׿˰֣һֻȭͷǽץ𣬽յ˫䣬ǿĦ졣
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ΪΣһʼͬʱŭʱһ춼Ӧԡ˶ͬʱϴɷ
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ڷ֮أһëȴĵСȫǹ⣬϶Ĺ˵ġ
һһ˵ֵϣͬʱӱ൱ǿңҲ׽͸öĻ¶ӣһ
ǣǹǾûʲôµˡֻҪֹ˱ϴɷʱӣ϶ԷѾڲ֮ˡ
Ϊûжٹģ
Ȼ˹ϷҲ﷭츧˸룬꣬Ҳи㣬˲ͬʱӵ̫̬ˣ
Ҿ̬һ㣡
΢΢һ̣¶аĻȣ׿ͻȻһ򣬵ȥˣȻҵˣȻǡҲһ׺ϻΪ߰λ߶ܹ˵ÿ˶ͬʱӵС⣬ÿ˵ʵҲ
ʲôȻĹûг̲סÿ˶ӵ󣬱Ѿܱ̬ˣȻÿʵǵڳĸصħĹ𣿡
쾪ݣ׿Цͷû֮ͨͿԽ˵ͬʱĸСٶȺԱǵʵȻߣҲֲĲ㡣ÿʵǺǺǡⲻĳڰˡȵڣ֮ͨǶսʱȫܹʵ
۷壬㳤һףҲ˵֣൱ĸԽվĸһ֣
ԣѾȫˣ׿ɫǲţ׿ܼңòĸӳɡǱţƶ˰˱Ūģ
⣬Ǹܣ׿һЦÿɷ񡭡


228 
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ǺǺǡû⣡
Цŵͷ׿ĹĹѾװ׵׺ϻȻƷ
ѾԼˣ׿ȻᾡǵҪ
׿һǸϵĺȣóһֱصĽɳɫȼ𣬲֮ͽǺ޸ȫǰƷʸ˺ܶࡣ
ħĹûʧȥɸ˷ܵ
ʱҲ˷ܹͷˣĹȻָָ֪ܵ׿ܼңܲܰͷĽָ·Ҳң
Ϊʲô׿һ㶣ɻ
ЦЦĹȻҲǸոնѽҪǻ赹ôֻᱻͷߣ
̵ģⱾӵĶȻûĹѻ˵꣬ȻƿڴСһ־ͳĶˣˣ
׿ҲɫЩ΢ǵĳëԲģܶԼ˳֣Ȼ
֪ˣ׿ܼңһῴģƺ׿ɫƣԼ˶ĳӵɷæһٺٺ١ԭСӳԲѷɣƢ˵ǹֵĶеģûҲᵱһѹü죡
̲ס˳飬׿һô˵ѾĻĵˣ
ˣˣǲģ
Ĺɶ첻ţɷɴһǿӲذԴתȥֻһǿίģȴ׿˲֪ǸЦ
ĸУԭ϶ĹԺĸңҪǿˡ
žžž
׿һƣĹעȻĹЩί׿Ҳ˲ˣţҪȥɽǶȽϤǰ·ɣ
һ£˱˴˶һۣȴȫҡҡԴͬУ
׿üͷɻΪʲô
׿ܼңѵˣǴӦһСӰҩĵġħĹħӢܣأôʧأ
׿ؿһۣ΢΢ͷ
˵Ļ϶ǲᣬǿӲشߡĸ⣬ѵ¡ǾǴߣسŵĻӡԺǸѵˣ
˼һ׿ãȥǸСҩģȻȥɽ
׿ܼңҩģвһĹʵ
׿΢΢ͷȻ
ɲǼ䣬˾һ𣬱˴˶һۣǷ˹Цɷģ̧́ͷҫ˰ɣҾ˵Ϸɵˣ϶ҩģǾͶˣ
ϴӢĴָ޵
׿ǿһ󲻰ĸһΪôое찡һ룬˱ͲҲͲȥ˼ˡ
Ǻ׿ˣĹĴ£һ·УŰ֮һɽ֮ϡ
յ£һ߰Скһһ׼͹ʯϣﲻ֪ʲôڲʱ͵׽š
ƺǷǵĵСк΢΢˶תԴ¶һ˫ǳ˫ͫ
׿ˣȴ̲סв·Ǳʲôµ޶һеĲҲԽԽǿҡ
ô£ֻһȥʮ꣬ôԼΣյĸо
׿㷣ԡʱͫ͵һϽѵ׿ܼңնصĸ֣
ʲôɴһ׿ŵؿȥ
һСôվĸ֣ѵҲ٪壿ϸȥ˳üĿ㣬ȴֲ񡣵ĸϹΪĻҲҲСĵز
ôֻһֿܣССС;ʹﵽվ
뵽׿һۣɸӾ졣ͬʱĹĿ⣬Ҳ˾衣ĸСǰֻ˵һСкģû˵кǸոְ
ǹǺĿģ
׿۾У˫ȭɽ
кǵҲûɾضھʯϣֻ˫֮ͫȴһâĸˣٳһ㣬һǸˣҪȥأ
Ĺȫɸ·ǰƵġֹǵСĹŵöɷ󣬿ɼɷҲ˫Ȳ֣ңңǶˣٲˣ
龰׿һĹεʵô˿־壿ѵ˵նصΪǿصĺ
ʱѵҩҵ𣿡ƺȫûп׿һֻؿĹһ׶й١
Ĺͷһָ׿˵УǾǡ
׿ɫһеԼĹˣǰʱǶĮ
ùһ֣
׿ؿһۣûж⣬㻺ǰˣŷŵģƷҩģ޸
ǰȥҲʱؽ޸Žҧһءͬʳһͣؾ׽š
׿ͫ͵´󾪡
ҩģûɵҩǰǿߣǿҵҩҲַܰűСӣȻɶûУ·ܰҩģӲһ

׿µһζˣ˵ǰǱ˳ƺۡ
ǰ׿ûüóҩģȴͻȻƷϵҩƷµĶ̫ˣˣ
䲻һ飬׿и̣Ѿͦ
йâһóһѩ׵ɽΣƷҩģѩΣŶĿζ
һæӹһ£¶泩ı飬૵þûгԵ˸߶˵ҩˡģЩ·˵͸ιҩĳԣŪҶеӪˣ
·üͷһ壬׿˼⺢˵˭ҵĻǾֻеųɫ
ǻ˼һҧһΣһ߷ܵĳ֮һ߻ӻֵˣĸʱ䡣ϽȥңҪҲͷ
Ĺɴϲæ°ݣ
ȵȣ
׿ȴһ֣ɻôоūǣǲǸģ˲Űҩĵ𣿡
üͷһ겻¶һŭģˣƽͶһΣͶˡÿҪЩҩģӷģƽٲˣ
ǡ׿ɻĹΪҪҩġ
һȻӦĸĸǳɱ˷Ż𣬱ҴˣҪ˽ǵġ˵ԸȥĴѰҩģҾҰĴǶֶ̣ĵҲ֪ġ
ǵҩģȻ˼Ҫˡǵʵ̫һҩĸңֱҳʱ޵ΪֹҲǸɣ
׿һ磬Ĺƭ⣬Ҳɡ
ĸҩТ㣬ɱ˷ŻƨĹϵ
һʼֹĹɱ޹Ϊǳı׼ʿСҲĸСһū۱ΪԼ£ֻһͼ¶ѡ
ģĸС˼һαӣʲôö
ףҲʲôˣ
׿ӣЦһٺٺ١ȻǴɣĸѾҵˣҸʮƷҩģǷ˸ߣΣ
ʮ۾һˮ˳˳һȴ¶һаЦݣȻóôҩģǻʲôĸһ£ҩİɣ
Ƥ̲סһ׿ɫôߡ


229 ǿͯ
ţ׿һ˫ȴǽǺͯСֵܣȻǿߣҲ㵱֪ͯˡոյ˼ū𣿡
ٺٺ١ɱ˷ŻҪηūһҲӦðɡ
Щ£ĸСģǺθɣ
ۣȺ֣Ǹĸһ𣬿϶Ҳʲô΢ϳһ£Բԩ
۾΢΢У׿ǺЦݣŭ˵󶯸ɸǲɱˣȻҲһӳ֡
ŶҪ𣿺ǺǺǡð˵ûɱ֮ģԸʮλսӮһأҷߣǺӹ˹ָ¶˲õЦݡ
׿Ѿ˵ߣǺӵȴԽԽء
Ȼ⺢ֻնؾһغĸصĸ֣̩Ȼ˵бʤİա
ңħĹ˾ʵԾͲǱΪô򵥡
׿ĹһۣССʵΣǿǿĻǿ٣
Ĺ˴˶һۣഫ˸ɷССӵʵǿҲδʤͷҪСӻúܣһ۾ͿǵȻôױܣ
׿Ȼص˵ͷԭˣҾ˵ôĸСĺϻǿôô׽ץסūۣ
Ϊ˱׿Ǹ˸ɫϣ⺢һҪȫԸ֡͵ƱҪɱ˰ɣҿ⺢ӹ죬ĸСĻҲܾţ»﷭
һͷһɱ⡣
һ̣һŭȫ¾籼ðǿƬպɽס
ħĹһȻһսʱΪĹϵͷĻңӲƽʱһʵǲʶǶôµĽɫҲ㷡
ǵʱɷʱֱȫԸĻɷһоͻᱻȵֵܵˣҲ׶ˡ
һģϽ˲룬
ǣǸͯȴȻȻԵõھʯ֮ϣ˫ֻ˿壬һ˿鶼ûС׿һüͷ壬СӾǹ򶨣ûڵأ
ǺߵĻСӵʵǿֲ˺ֵز
ħɷһʽħ죡

ͻȻһһ͵Ǻͯȥ±ɫӰƣצģ·Ҫǰһж˺һ㡣
ĵطĿռ䶼̲סҪѡǾ͸ʯ๸һ˲仯Ϊ촷ۣ
ǿ
Ǵ似׿ʱҲ̲ס̾գħɷĲϡ似ֱǾء
ǣ׿вǣǸͯȻһеȻ֮ɫƺڵ
ô£Է۷ǿߣһĻҲ¶֮ɫ˰ɣСӡ
˸Ƿڳ嵽ǰܹһѹǿѹǺͯȴֻǻشӻؿڳһֻ֣˳ȥ
ۣ
һ췢˶°͵µ·ˣȫԸ޿ƥеһ壬ǾôǺͯһָֻ
ӰⲻŰҪǺͯôһֵֻţȴζ岻ȥ
ʱ䣬طֲֳͬķ羰
һ׿ǿѹ£ŰضҪһ㣻һǺӵı󣬷ƽ˾һƬġĿ񱩣˿
ôܣ׿ؿһУȫġҲ⻹ǵһΣ˸һĸо
Ҳͷ󺹣ȫƣҪһơ
ǣͬһͷҰţڿ񱼣ȴͻȻһɸɽ㣬ʹ޷ƶΡĸɽֺ
ЦĻȣסǵһλᣡ
䣬һתץĸ첲Ȼһ˦
䣡
ɸɽһ춯رУ˲ȥ׿Ĺһæϸ߿ա
̳ɢȥӳģȴֹסһ
ֻǰɽΪƽأڷ֮УǱ۵һ³һʺѪҺǾ֮ɫ
ֻǺͯԵйǺӵĿֲ֮
ǹĺͯУ·ǸոճӤһ˼һָͷ˵Уͷһ
׿˸ĿɿڴؿһУг˾㤣ͻǾ㤡ôҲ뵽СʵȻ쵽ĳ̶ȣ׿ʥû̬Ĵڡ
صţ似۷֣Ҳһսǽ죬ôһնصСǰȴ
Сûκ似ֻǿһֱֵֻӽ죬µһ󽫣˦ɽס
⾿̬
׿԰գӲԴпȥСȻԵõضƿ֮ϣɽˣҵɽȥǡסʱ䡭Ŷˣʮҩأ
׿亹ΡΡóʮƷҩģǺͯһϲһ־ͽʮҩУЦСӻЩҩĻҲͯͨͣ
䣬ݵһӰ
׿æصͷݺݴ˴ؿڣԼƽһ̵ģĹ̫̬ˣ
׿׿ܼңո˵˭һ˵죬ӷ׿ǲŵɫ
׿üͷ΢壬һԳʲôͯͨôʶ
ҵ谡ѹϷôңôôùСħͷأûֺݺݵ˵Դֺڣ޳ˡ
׿һæͨǺηʥ
ͯͨСħͷʶ׿ܼҹȻʶǳȻ컹ûüش׿һ
׿̫Ѩͻͳ飬תԴĹ֪ʲôˣҲ֪ʵǲǣ
ǵȻǿħӢܣʲôĸûСħͷôţô᲻ʶΪһûʶɷһЦһ߻ȥȡЦ׿ˡ
׿˽˫ȭѹŭŵǹСħͷŸɿңǴĵ£ҲǼٵˣ
ǵȻǿħӢܣ϶ɺ¡ԼСħͷѹƣջ޴йˮǸһʹ࣬Ǿͺÿˣңħ˴ģõģȻҲţɵƣ
ħĹһ𣬿׿鳰Ц
׿̫Ѩͨ졣벻һȻĸƸˣˣ̵ܣ
ǣ
׿ָؽ͵һ죬˲ӡһ̣ĹͷѪӡȻĹһУԴڵϷ顣
׿ҲǵˣĸС̺ã֪Ҫ;ˣ
Ĩ˰ǵѪĸС쵰һ
ĸ˾ɵƣԼ˼ʵҿԡȻǿĲͯͨϣҲʵ鷳£
üͷ壬̾˿


230 ﴫ˵
׿ܼң֪ˣͷǰɣԴشĵ
ʲô׿ܼңӦ׿ϵͷǰɣҲˣĹһ߱Դһ߿ɥг
ʲô׿ϵӦ׿үү͡ϴɷͷʹ̣⣬ǻȥȴͫһŭĿһԵĹȥֱһȭϣ̵ģռұˣ
ĹűϵȦԣСȴͷʹصϴ󣬸ո϶Ƚϵеүүܹ
ͫһɣɷعͷ˵Сһƣģ㲻˵û˰㵱ưͣ
ߣĴ㻹ҴңĹСĻҲʱŭĿɷȥҲһȭ
СƣȻȶ֣϶ϴſˣ϶ʱʱϴһȭ͵Ϯһ¡
Ψ²ңһʹԴһԱȥ
һʱ䣬ĹŤһţò֡
׿֮ͳ飬̫Ѩ챬ˡûѸ⣬Ѫ֮ʹʱֵòɿ
ôʹ˵̫ˡôӾټһɡݺݵҧҧ׿ӡٱ䡣
ۣ
Ĺ³һѪȫǺ죬ڵϷҽ֮֮ʹǸû˼ˡ
׿ڴڵشŴζ챻ĸըˣ˺һƽϣǹͨʲô·Ȼ˿£
ҡҡԴҲǽüͷ̾Ҳ̫˵ͨųƲͯһδܣǰȻ󲨣۹߸Ǻ伣Ҳû˵ȴˣ
ʲôǰСӲŶôôͣ׿һŵ
ҲһɻҡҡͷҾͲˣϷҲǸݴƶϰˡ⺢ǲͯǾ;ϣ˵ǲͯĺˣǰ˵䡭
ͯͨ߳ƺε磬ųʷǿ֣ô˶䣿ҸոֶҲʶˣĲ֣ͯ϶ܱ𣿡
Ȼ컰û˵꣬ɷЦŴгҲһ߰ţһ߷Ц
룬΢΢ͷĸСȻ״ΣԴ岻˵ȴеǴ˵еǸͯͨĻ治˭׵ؽҰܵزû˿ϡ
׿бһۣϲ֪ͨ£ѵǾ֪ˣ
Ȼ϶ȻһͣǰĴսƻûأ֪ƨɷмؼЦ
׿üͷһ壬Ŀɻ󣺡ϲ֪ǱҲó༸꣬ѵ֪ˣ
ٺٺ١׿ܼңֵ֪̫ͨ󣬲ֻ߼֮ܣ۹ߡ䣬ڵ۹мǽ߼УҲֻмഫȥڳȴǶ벻ᣬΪʵûᰡ
ɷĹֽ·ȡЦǲһһħûǰųϻⶣһ䣬С˭֪ôùմӽӳʵ̫ù˰ۡ
˵˵ţɷƺԼ˵£ֿҲһ߰һߴޡ
׿ķȵˣϽӴʵ
ǣĹ˲ͣ˿ֻӵǻ׿ܼǣǵ˼·һ㡭
׿۾һУ̾ӡٱ䣬˱˲ֹͣϵʹٴ˷ܵЦ
׿ĸû˿ʡŭȴûа취ֻǰ¸һһʮǰҾͼ̣Ļ
˶ָĹˣɴ󾪣æ׿ܼҷģһ֪޲޲ԺҲƭˣ
׿صͷЦ
ţ˻һۺϴɷ㿪ˣ֪ⲻͯͨΪ棬ֱǺ
Ŷ˻׿üͷһ
ɷҡҡԴѵõһ̫ˣǶѹ֪ж棡
һ׿ˤ˫֮ͫŭָٴζ˶Ѿ˸޵ģĸˣǲǣǻûԹͷ
׿ҧҧ׼ٴνӡˣһæ׿ܼϴ˵ûд֮ͨǶʲô˽⣬·ƾðһĻԻңڡ߼ҵ˵һˣһֻССϣҲܲͨȴ޴ɲ鰡ⲻ𣿡
üͷ΢΢һ׿׼ӡָͣ
˵ĹԴʱ˵Ļеһʵǿȴֲ֪Сȷɡ
ĪǣҲʥ
뵽׿ߴٵ˵ȥ
˵ͷɷСӸոճʱС˾ĺӣʱؾѡȥȴСΪҲֻնأչΨһǣǿֻǰ֮µһˣ֮еһˣ
Ŷ˹£üͷһ׿иӺɡ
˵СǸϹĻ᲻ôΪάòأҲͽͨˣΪΪչ
ǣĸƻһֱԼںͯʱڣҲʮԺɡЩȤǿܵˣٺٺ١
뵽׿ǰƺֳɴ棬ȶ˵ٻӰǺܿҡҡԴԼ
Ҫһҵħܱۣ
ţҲСҲ뷨
ڣ׿ƺܹˣ˵
СӺܹ죬ûʲôİãϲҩġҪǷһϣͱǿ񱩵ҩϽˣȴû£׿ܼңӦѾˣҪҩȴûʱ˭ҵҩ󣿡
Һ߼ңͫһ׿ѿڶȻͬ뵽ʲô㣬¶аЦݣĪ
׿ܼҹȻǺˣΨ²ҰȷˣСҵҩҩ֮УµƷϵƷǧֲһİƷҩĶ˸⣡һ£ҩܷŹһﳤڵҪ䲻ͨ似һ˫ȭȴʵǰﳤϼһУͱȫɱˣȭͷζͷӦ˰ɣٺٺ١
ɷһָ죬Ц
΢΢ͷ룬һ亹
ǹͨʱͨûȭֻ⽫һ˦ǶϽۣҪһȭĻҪַӱˡ
⣬Ĺ
һһոյΣо̲סزһĵĿ־УȻ
һУûгֹ
׿ĸܣΪԼʱһԿãҲŵɫ԰ףļԼӰοֿĹٺأ
ٺСܱϴҩţŵĳϳɱַɱңͨҲŵĺܣĴӶҩģ߼ҵҩȫϮӶһաʵ֮£ڶ߼ڵһһ𣬷ǧģħ
ʲô
׿ͫһ´󾪣벻ηħһξȻΪͨġǼˣСȴɻĺúõģ
ʵһ֮۹֮ҵʱֻǸ


231 
ħһ֮ͨܵ߼ںڿ־֮£ͯ㺰ɱ㣬˵޷κһǳΪ۹ѳΪĵˡڹԮͱԹ޵įУͨʱϾǸͯҲƹһ󡣴ʱ߼ҹ׷սȾܣħȡһЧСս˴롣
׿ɷ΢΢ͷ
ָܣ龰ħҲΪĳЩԭһЩòȻ֮ˣ˲׾Ϳںɱֻǵͷ϶ħ֡
ĹȷһֱΪħܹһҪľ
ֻʣһˣҲҪµжԵ
˾ΪħԺҲһֱûпɣǰ˻Ψһ¶˰ɡҲһֶħԵֻһ£ûаҲ鷳
ͨʱȻѾ޵УǸӣĹ¶Զ͸׵ܵˣ߸ױ
ħһս
׿̾һɷ֮ͻħΪڵĲͯģ
׿ܼҹȻȻ֪ʱôڻţɷЦ
׿һ̣Ц˹ɥǾʵǿҲԳƲϲܣ
ûʱСһȱ߼ҵĹƵ·ȣ𡣿ǲ֪ʲôºСӳױˡֻ£˶ΪܲѹȣȡĴѰʬʱȴֳˡһΣǰͬ˵ǰźͯһ򳹵׻Ϊħ±˵߼Ҿ֣Ҷסˡ·ħ緶ģ
Ŷʲô۾һ׿ȤҲ̲ס
ٴδЦɷƺ൱˷ܣ¶˸̵ĻȣԱ֮ʩٴγֺ󣬱ҪĲǷħ߹ĳǳضҪԴ˹ǺãӲȥЩǳأÿһǳؾȰΪƽء߹ؽ磬۹ˣ
׿ܼңͷǿСӵĹһȭһžܽǳǳ˲̤ƽһ²ұˣҶþĪĵѡ˽¶Ҫ޳ˣʲô°ǿ޹İһȺɵƣ
£·Ҳ൱˷ܣ޲ԼڵŰæɷĻ
ɷݵһۣʱһŽ߷ŭʵӦ˵
˾죬аߣȴǲҿ
׿ȴȫˣǲ˼صȻϷСӵû뵽ȻݶˣҪһ֮ˣ
׿ȴҡҡͷžžž֣̾ǺǸңҲôɣ
ߣЩνΪ޹ˣħʱûȥԿּɱڿ־гǵİףҲ޹ˡȻѾΪ˵ˣǾ㱻ɱҲӦԹ޻ڣ
׿мһЦһ⣬ͷڣԽԽϲСˡ
ؿһۣȷˣ΢΢˵ͷ
п磬ɱңɱ㣬޹ɱҲȱȽǡôȻΪˣǾ͸ûʲôԹˡ
һǿݣ׿ܼҹȻǳɴߣа̾
أ׿ʵ
ݺݵصֵһֹۣٲ죬ɷﲱӣٺٺ١ǲŽиʾףħߵĵ䷶ڶ̶̰ʱ䣬Сӹŵԣ̤һأ֮ݲʱ֣֪Ҫһ˲˾ȫܹˡ߼ҵĹҪΧκʵãȥ٣Сӳ״ɱˡҲ˸ڻţвָ֮ͯȫˣ
ʱҲڰβסˣ߼ҵ̯ԽԽٲ֣۹ȫˡǸæ۹ȫʮ
ɷĭӺɣԽ˵Խ˷ܣ·ʱڴɱֵһ׿ȴǸæڰ֣ȵȣ˵ж٣
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һ׿ʱȻʮôҲ˵ʮ｣ľո֣
ٺٺ١׿ܼң֪ˣʱפһʸûϸôʮ｣һļһ
ԣ׿Ȼͷһʮ｣Ǿֲ̫ˡؼ˿ֲݣСӻͦ͸ֲˡ
ǣûƽɷȻʱս൱ǿᣬжʮ｣ĸְɡʣʮˣҲȫؾϵĸ֡ų˻Ԫʥģ｣ҪǿöࡣǲͯҲãȡʤ
ʲô׿һ˴˶һֱۣԭǰҵսôǿ
ƺǵ˼ħĹȫЦɷǲмûʶ˰ɣΪҺ߼һǧֻ꣬ôսңǰʮ޵УҲаո֣ңҲʮո֣߼Ҳƽ⡣
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׿Ŀɿڴͬʱ°ҡ
ⲻͯǰһսȻĻôʮڸϳң˵ʮ꣬Ҳܰ
׿ͷ亹һ󻶺
ˣǽսĽôȻСӻţôǸʥѾˣɼȻ˵ĻΪСƺûأ
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Ļǹͨ㾡̤أûֹ׿ܼң˵ǲЦʥһһȫ˭ֹСһ壬Сӵʱô׵ϵˣҲǶԼʵšʮȭʥȴö˶˵վţⲻͯòùıҾ۵ڣٺٺ١ǰ׳հҪǸңʮȭԺҾͲˣ
ϴӢСӸˣ
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׿죬ȴǾø˵û뵽ⲻͯͨȻǻҵĵ


232 ǿҵշ֮
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ǣ߼Ҹ߲㣬Ҳֻ֪｣׺ͺڰʥ˾նˣ֪֮٣Ҳֻ߼ҼǰСħͷͯͨҲ֮һ
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ͨģԸƴɢҲҪӮöעһҲسŵӦˡͨҲɵӣºعζȻԸⱣҰΣȴֻҲ˵ֻһӲĶܣȴΪìҵǲĴҲ׬ˣڣ˭Ҳ
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Цһ׿ٴηһӺֻصħĹˣæģ׿ȴûһֻۣаЦؿϣСֻöԸ
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ǻʵƷҩģ⣿׿ӣǿ㷡
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ǰҩ鱦οƷҩģôӣͨҲһɣض׿ǼԼһ棬ʲô죬ҡҡͷǳӺݺһУҧһҩĵˣʲôĹûҩ˳ӣҲûʲôֻ´ҵʱҪСĵ㡣
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˵ҩں죬ҩĵĲ֮ѡΪϡУֵһİƷҩ֮ϡ
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׿ֲӣļͷȰ׿ܼң㿴Щ׻˵᲻úײסǣ᲻ץסåҪ룬һƷҩһͯߣǶôһľ㲻
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ԭƵظСӴҩģ뾡շûСշ˵Сӻ䱾һʱóһƷҩģⲻҪô
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˿׿ҡҡԴߣӲģѾӳȥ߼ƷҩˣûзСôһ֮ǰЩͶ룬ȫˮƯˣߣⱾӻûأ
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֮ϱ죬֮ͨأǱ񱩵ҳһƬ档۷ǿҲ⣡
׿ȴܱ֤ľǿܹԹͨЧΪǣǿĲͯ
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ֻͨ˫Ŷ䣬ƲվԭأɫȴԽԽƺ൱
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ͯǲ̬ͯԺҲΪˣ㱻׿ܼĥҲĵĻˣ
Ĺһۣаģǲ֪ǣڹͨһĮվ󣬿ĸͷĺףɱ⡭


237 
ĸ˵㱻Сүҵˣ
ͻȻһ󷢳Ĺһ飬ӽӲתԴȴǵʱ˹ͨǷŭ˫ͫ
ŵһ󺧣˸æŽԴ̧ٿһۡ
ͨӣâǰһһɨŭ߳ո˭Сүһȭվ

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Ӳһͣٴν
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˵ţ׿йâһһͨɢӫҩġǹ㣬ڳֻһţ˲ƣԣ
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ǰˣϿҲûʲôð
ҪЩͺˣӦҲˡֻ˵ʱҲڻϿʱ
Щӵؿ˿еǸ׵ĺڶ׿ֻܰ̾һչԶȥ˽ߣ
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׿ܼңԲӣ֮£˭װľ֣ҲŤͷܰɷЦ
΢΢ҡҡͷ׿ԶĹͨо⺢Ӳһ˻ܵСȴܵûСϿʲôϵ
뵽׿ͻȻϣĹߣȥ
ɣ׿ܼң˰֣֮ɫϿϾҪٴ˵أǱȥģǷǣвðգ
ǰ׿ܼңСȥɣһôͿܲ»ˣɷҲæ׷׵ͷ
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׿ܼң
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ݺҧҧ쿴ĹһۣԶȥߣ
׿ܼأ
ģУ˼ᶨ


239 ׻
ݣ
ڵ֩ݺύƬѣϾҪݵĻǰһҫ۵׹䵽˹ͨǰ
׿ں¡׹²ͣĺӣɾͨ㻹ɵʲôϽܣҪˣ
ȡȡ֧ͨҡԴȴ˵һ仰
ʲô׿ʵ
ȡңͨӲ̧Դ¶˳С˫ƽﵭȻ˫ͫУʱˮ
׿ͫһ´󾪡ôҲ뵽һ򲻿һĹ֮ͨ²ŵʧȥսһͨĺͯ˿һġ
üͷ΢׿ǲΪ֪¶һЦݡŶ˵ӾԶȥ
Ҫ󣬴ӦȻô
׿ǴҪշӵԼ£ƽ̫ǿˮ¶ôշ
ҲڣʱֵĺʱҲ׿Ϊθðգϻԭ
ĻĸԣΪ˾˻Сûʲôϵ
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ַնðǿ£
׿ЦͨǰһעصڣӾһܲж£࡭
ٺٺ١ʱйͨڱӿǰӣǰɪ
׿У·Ѿδ߼ǰװƵΣ
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ѵľôˣҪϿ
׿ݺҧҧг˲ʣĴ쿴ţϣʲô·
䣡
ͻȻһɫâ׿ʹһ̲ס³һѪʧȥƽˮƯҶ㣬沨رǺڶ֮С
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⻹ֻףҪϵףضǣȫʬҲ
һ£׿վ֮У¸ӽǷַҪ°Ҫǲܻ⣬͵һˣ
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Ҳһ̣Ҳ޷ˣֱƲʵؼʧ
׿ȻһΣȴΪأҲһ
һԼ侲׿תŶԲߣһҧöȸľ޵˳
ȸ׵ƿסֻյףҲܸȡʱ䣬ҳеĵ·
ڣֻһö񵰣Ҳ֪ն٣Ҳһͻɡ
Σʱ̣Ҳܲôˣҽɣ
Ƕ˵׿һ񵰣һֱŹͨ˷Ͽĺڶȥһ·ϲ쿴ƵҪҳһͨ
䣡
һը죬һ׶׿ȥ׿ͫһгף
ţæ񵰾𣬵Ϸŵ׹⡣
ҲͬһԴĹϵ׿ףȸľ޵˲ı䷽ȥ·Ǳ˹ȥһ
ǵǵʱʵھ޴Ǿ޵˶·Ҫ顣ʱ׿æħ󻯾ǶԼ壬Ѹ
ҲΪһö񵰣õ˾޴Ļ壬ǵ׵׿Ȼȫûʲô˺
ⲻϲеͨġĵǣͬħ󻯾ҲȫЩȻѾɢвҲʱ䳤ˣ۵ضˣҲ鷳
У뾡ҵ·Ļ㲻һĥҲᱻĥ
׿оһֱ壬ɫ׹滮ӡɫ
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ԽǽӽǺڶλãµƵʱԽƵ׿һֱӲţûбһŪ˵ȴԽԽ࣬ŰʹѪ̲סش
䣡
һ׹ֱֱ׿ͫһɴ󺧳ף
վǿҲҪҷ
׿ҵæǰħ󻯾ʱ䣬񵰣͵һ˲佫
ǣһ׻ϣȴǵʱǺɢˡӿâ͵ͨ񵰣ڡ
ۣ
һڼѪ׿ȻЩѾʼ塣
ڵûиӦһ׵ˡ
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ǵ֮һֱֱ׿ɫ԰ףɫâЦҡͷûаϣģһסһ£ӣ
׿˿ɪɪĹͨ׿ḧ˸ͷʧЦֻû뵽ǰŵģȻһСô˵أԼɣҪΪ˾㣬Ҳ䵽³Ϊ̫̰ģˣ
׿ҡҡͷһӲڣѵüزֻӲˣһΣҪ£ٲһѡֻǡϣһΰɣ
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ǹ鷢ˣʱ˲ڣڻһ㣬ۿɼٶȣʧҫ۵âС


240 ·
۾׿Ȼû׸ǣɴ󾪡û뵽׾ɵֵǿµף
ͬʱɽǸظֵӰһγԺС
һʼ֪кĿģΪҪסڣ·ʲôǰϿ
ǣôĿʲôѵϿʲôõȴֲǰȡõĶ
׿ɻ󣬵Ǻܿҡҡͷȥ롣
ĵ֮Ҫ뿪ʲôıƣҲԺ˵ˡϾʱ˿̣ԼҪġ
뵽׿æ²쿴̽Ѱеĳ·һͷ󺹡޾ģȴ֪ܳŶã뾡Ѱ·ǣ
䣡
һ֮ϣ죬죬죬׶ȻֻȼĻ΢΢ήһЩƺ˲
׿ŹͨҲԽԽӽǸڶǷȥΧһƬɫ籩˿κεĽ
׿ɴ󼱣üͷһ
䣡
ͻȻһ£ǵϡ׿䲻һоһ飬ϵףҲʼҲ
ף
׿ɵһи𺧡ĵڷˣھ׵ǿƻ֮£ףҲЩ֧ĸо
׻һƣǶ˷ַӾͻᱻң
ѾΪյĹͷٸҵæֻӣ²쿴ܴ׵켣쿴Ƶڡ
ǣȴ̫ˣħʶ󷨵˽⣬Ѱ˿˿һǸܼߡ
ҲԣżȻϹǿ֮һˣһССħܴĴڣ
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ϹʱԲڼ֮ƵľħۣҪʽҲҪЩʱա˼һʱûϵ˼ܶס
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׿һĶͷǰΪͨգѵüزĺôڣʵʵڵԼˡ
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װף㼰ʱ֣֪òԩȫԼģǲǣڲΪͨԺҲΪ˽żǲǣ
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һ̣һȣһֻ۵СȭͷǸǸһȭ
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һĲͨȭͷ֮ϣһεľųǺâȥ;ף·𶼷Ťܹռ𶯡
䣡
һ췢ǵâʱ䣬һһ˴СĿĺɫ
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׿һϲͨԴϲ⣺СӣɵƯ
ͨҲһЦһ˱ĺӣɢҸĹâ
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ţ׵ನ͵ײ׿ڣʹؿһ̲ס³һâѪɫ˲԰ȥ
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͵һԴ§ڻ׿Цûϵ˵ֻҪһţͻ㱧ڻ¡Щףûʲôµģ
䣬׿һҧ̤Ǻ֮ţǹâ֮ڣǰһʧȥʶ˫ȴɽŹͨţŵԡ
˾ǵһ·ǺâԴͷƮȥֻйͨ׿ǺѪɫʱ˫֮ͫȻӯ
һ棬ϿƬ֮󣬱ʧ
ո֮أʱѾȫΪޡǹͨȭȥµֻгĻϿ֮أ
طȫΪһƬոµĴ½ûСֻ׻غ󣬲ϴӵðҽ
Ĺʶ̽飬ȴôҲҲ׿͹ͨӰһ
׿ܼҺСһѾûɢˣҲҲˣ̾һҡҡͷ
ۣ׿ܼΪʲôҪСأС˳ӣʵ׿ܼҶǻͦõģؼʱû
ǰҪǸĻͰǵˣɷ̾˿ҲЩܿһ̣ЦӺõķǲ𣿹
ԣһ㶣Ҳ˸߲ҵѽѽ
ɫüͷ͵תŭȵ˭ˣȻҵţûô׳ȥ
ߣƾϼһҲǣΪ˭׿ܼ𣿡ɷмƲƲ졣
һЦ춯˶ָΪֻ׿ܼʹѪ𣿺ߣʵǣϷǵķӣ׿ܼǰǽϷ򣿡
һݣĹʧɫ־ؿ
ߣôҪҪϷԸǿ
ţҪֽӡǰĹϰڰ֣ĵţһݵϣԺˣ
صͷһ۵񻰣ǸһطٳǣפҡϷ򻹻С㣬ǸϵҪȻҵˣϴéȥ
ҪϣǲϴéޣĹһ׷ٳǷȥ
ԶȥӰתһƬ޵ĵط̾׿ܼңʱ䳤ˣϷҲѧٻˡģϷʼΪ㻹šĸϷúÿţ
˵꣬ҲתĹ׷ȥֻʣһƬ֮ء


241 ҵ
䣡
ڶ߲ը죬׿˫ۣûһѪɫ
ͷȥȴ񷶥һƬڣֻһʵĳâһƬϣϵת
ǰӽǸҲĻ֮ϣųâͣر任λãңңȥĻ֮ףŰڲϵس
һǺâ˲䵯ɻȥ
âһ֣ƬأԶǿµ׹⣡
ż΢΢֣׿Ȼȴһϲĸߺţڽˡ
ת׿ܣһƬɳֻмͺͺʯɽأȻš
ȥطȻôȴһҲʧɽڸߣżɽˮҲһźö
뵽׿΢΢ѾȲҪĴ̽һӸնȴǲŷƺѹʲô
׿ȥȴͨرһСؿڣȻ˯š
ƺһӰ쵽Ǻӡͨſˮǣɵ̧ͷʵ˫ۿ¶ЦݣǺǺǡˣ
׿΢΢ףЦŵ˵ͷ
ʱһը졣ͨһ飬æŵٴΰԴ׿ؿڣ˫ţ
׿Цãҡͷ벻òͯҲ˵Сһ档ҲͰˣ֪㣬¸ʲô
ͨǰȫģȷſң쿴һΧ
Ҫִֵͨҡҡͷɽ׿ţҺף㰲һ㣡
ԣ׿ǿЦһҡҡͷУǱǿˣаȫУұ㻹࣡
Գһ󣬹ͨؿһۣ૳㡭еҸףԱһܰġ
ף׿һ㻹иף
Ǵ˻һͨ㲻ɵ÷˸۶׿ҲǺ޲úݳԼһͣʲô˭ûиףѵСӻʯͷĳĲɣ
ǸЦЦҲǸ˼ֻ֣ôǿ㸸һҲʮţưɣ
ţ֪ҳûҵĸףͨįҡҡͷ
׿üͷһ¶ɻ֮ɫ
֪ʣͨ˵ĸףҵ常չţﻹӡʱұħ׷·ʱңÿҩĳԣ
ô֣Ҳģ׿һ㶣ʵ
ͨ˵ͷܰЦݣżŵڣڳĹ٣Ȼְ̫Ҳ̫ӣҲڡҺҵӣҶд֣ϣ֮ͨˣͨˣ
Ŷԭˣ˻Ǽ˸һɻڴ˲۹һ壬ɱң׿ЦЦ޵
ǹͨȴ̾˿һɫҺǣҪΪңȫҲᱻɱ
׿һ㶣ԣǺܿͨˡ
Сӵʱڱħ׷ɱ˵ˣһӴҲᱻġ˿϶Ƕɵˣ˽⵱ʱΣŻôǻȥ
Ҳ̫ѹҲ׿ԴοΪˣ۹Ϊеģ
ͨ΢΢ͷһâƺлԹޣǺܿ죬ȴ̾˿ϧһǴˣӦǸͷӵĳŵȻ޷ٶ߼ҳ֡
ҲԷڰһС˵û˻ģ׿ԴһаĹ壬ڽ
ǹͨȴǺݺҡҡԴһƬᶨҵǰҶ飬塣ҲΪˣͽĽ̻׵Ժ󣡡
úӣ
׿΢΢ͷ޵ȴ̾Ϣúһӣôˡ˵Ӱ
ҲãҪСӱ̻ˣʵӱĴĵط
һϣ׿ƺҪлǸչŵĶˡлôһܸµۣӵУΪһУ
׿ң¶˼թЦݣһҪ常Ļ˵ĺܶԣ
ͨ΢΢ͷô׿š
ˣո˵㸸ף񣿡ͻȻ׿о˸˸ʵ
ͨɫһ죬Щ૵㱧ҳΪҵ׵ʱҷ·Ϳ˵ʱ׻ңʱӰӡ
Ŷԭˣ
һ£׿ȻԭСӰΪΪˡչŵĵȷһƬ֮ģ׿ȴֻΪԼ
ΪͨףҲҪպշϧˡǶҪһĻ׿ȻС
ǣô˵أᣬͻȻ˸뷨
ǣ׿ٴ¶һЦݣͨͨҪˣ
׿Ҫģ˲ƺ
ͨһ㶣ƺûʲôܣЩŤҸ㵱ٶ꣬Ŷ̫ˡ
ʲô죿Ȼٶ꣬ǻǸӣҪ׿һԴǣô˵أҲԵְɣԴһ⺢ӣҾرϲ
ģͨһüƺЩϲɫ
׿΢΢ͷЦǰǿ϶ģǹ̫ϲˣ°ɣ
ͨһ°ͣ˰ͷ㵱ɵʲôô
飡
׿һҲ⣬СӶ飬ЦҿԱ㰡
㱣
ôãողұ𣿡׿һü֣صңȻʵǿ̫ˣȥױƭ룬ôǸʥĻôᱻƭҪػǧ꣬𶼲У
Ҫ常һúðѹأЩƭͳͳ𴩣̸ܣƭҶӣˣΪû˰
׿ĭҷɣţݸ壬ȴǰѹͨôЦȴһ˿ůӣǿʵǻ۵ĽϣǰҲǸͷĸֶ˰ɣĸǿҪԹҵĻʲôǻۡˣˡ
ͨһһ㶣ͷ
׿ųǿҵջ󣺡ңӴװƴɣ۸㡣ǣҲóЩҩˣֻҪҵһƷģ;Ʒģ
˵ţ׿йâһóʮƷҩģȥЦΪԳ⣬ҽָеƷҩˡҲϣ֮ǰҩģֳɵĸģֻǼƷҩģĴǧҵģ
׿˵üٽϣСȡΡ֪ͨǣû˺ǰӰ׿Σܳġ
֪
ͨһùҩģȻϵˣſˮǰһǲǺңȫˡȻҩ鶼̹ˣ¸ûʲôˡ
׿΢΢ͷа̾ĺӣһôӷĵ£ǱãԸӾ鷳ˣΪǿɣٺٺ١
ҩҲ֪
ʲô֪׿һ㶣⡣СӵƢ֪ĻӦͶˣΪʲô
ǣͨȴЦһ¶ܰЦݣʵҩĲҪҩʱΣܵġǰ常ʮ죬һ¸ҩĳԡȻһҲȻһЩһƷҩģÿϦҩĵ飬ȴǺ
ȻˣҩĻңҸʮ죬һΣ׿촽Щȥûء
ǹͨȴһҩģŤӣƲȥĶôҪأô𣿡
вһ׿ϲô˵常ˣ
һ󣬹ͨص˵ͷ
龰׿쳤Ц
Ժ˹ͨӣӿһǵţ˭ҡ


242 Ϲʥޣ
ۣ
ͻȻڴЦŵ׿أȻͫһ͹һɫâը֮£̲ס³һѪ
Ѫһأһըڻɫըһڵĺۼ
ͨһɴ󾪣æ常ôˣ
û£ֻס׿Ĩһǵʺ죬سһء
ױҪö࣬ħ󻯾޷ȫʱ˿̣׾ܶƻ
ǣȴûа취Զҩ֪ŰȥػҪ޿κΣ
ңңһۣޱ߼ʵĻɳ׿ǿվһᶨ֮ɫͨȥܻʲôεĵط
ף۵֮ͨһ廹ϵˣ޷ڵףҪ취ҵżҲʲô֮
ܹͨɵص˵ͷ׿常СӾͿˣǰǸϵôҵģЩˣҲôң
׿΢΢ͷɬǣȻãСӣǰ̽·
ǣ
ͨһȭıߵǰƺ׿常о飬ͨĵӴ࣬ͷϺ¡֮ϡ
֪׿ںţҲôˣ
ʱããɳУһ˿ͷ׿ͣ½Ųüͷ
ͨоĶҲͣһɻؿ常ôˣ
Сӣûоԭشת׿ܣеԽԽɫҲԽԽأãһ󣡡
ͨͫһæ׿ǰʲô󣿡
ôֱˡͨ˾죬ƺǰҲйƾȴûһ˿ӣЦŵûϵ常һĻôһȭ飡
䣬ͨ۵Сȭͷ͵һȥ
ˣ
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ĲսУǾûгֹ顣
׿ʧЦҡҡͷƺѲµ˽
ɲһ˲µʽϹǿ֮һҪô׾ͱһСƽĻҲͲøˡ
ӻʲôżֱӰСΪʦˣ
Сӣذ׷ˣȹͨڶĴȭ׿ʧЦҡҡͷֽеߣСӣ˵ʵǰû𣿡
ͨһ㶣ãҡҡͷ
׿üͷ壬֣Ϊλףѵǰû
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һ׿֡Ĳ²⣬СӦúϿйϵڡ
ӣ׿˼ã૳ܰû˻ʲôѵ˵ļ䣿
뵽׿æСӣôʦ˭
ûʦ
ǰôģ
šϸһ󣬹ͨҡҡԴһƬã֪Ҽ𣬾ҲûмѣֻԼҩĳԣ
ԣ׿¸Ǵ󾪣һܵĲ룬ͷ
ĪСӡͲˣ
׿ɱ촽Լͷһ
һԣ඼ͨǿЩ֣㹻ǿޡܹεģ֮ϵġ
뵽׿ȥˣʥиӵ֮أףǲµĴڣ
һ뵽ɽǸظ֣׿еԽӿ϶
常ͻȻͨ۾һ·뵽⣬ЦҵıӰɣǰ֮УʲôǼٵģΨҵıӲƭҡҾҵıӣҳһͨ
׿Цҡҡͷÿɷ
ǰñΪиζָ㣡ܳɳӾɳӣܿӳȥ
ҪʽôһĻ񲻸ɵһţ˼Կף
ǣЦ֮ͨʱӣͫ͵һˣ常ŵһϤζ
ʲô
׿ĿɿڴؿţֻǱǰš
û߼ȴͻȻͣʱӣͷһָµˣǳڣ
׿̧ۿȥȴֻֻǰһ鲻ߵʯһž߷ɣѵͨ
ǻ˼ͨƣбһ
ৣ
ǰĳ˲任ǱµˣȴͻȻֱ˳ǰľҲΪı䣡
ԭ˵СԲһأǺĻû˻ɳǳ
׿һЩţɢѪ֮ٻ׿ǰ֮·ԭһֱڷԲ׵ĳдת
˿׿ɰңҺйͨУȻҲҪǻþˣ
ʱһȴǶȻĶС
һ㶣׿׿ȥȴͨһͨĴԲԣͣǹۣȥΪ
Сӣôˣ׿üͷһΪ
ҡҡԴͨһ߿ޣһ֧Ҳ֪㿴ҾζģһӽҾֹסѹ
΢΢һ㶣׿ϸͨĴӡ
ǲ֪һһ
ӾȻɸߣһСɽƣֱͨʣ̴ǺɫĲ񷣡Űײͣϣɢһ󽹺ζȴԺֺ
׿ˣɰࡣ˼ɫʲôȻܶסô׵ĿŭնҪ֪пǿʮװ
ƻȻɼȷǷ
ͬʱ׿ҲЦ۹ȻɵôζȻҵ·ȵȡ
ͻȻ׿ƺʶʲôٴϸ˼еȴԽԽ
ζŨҰԣ޵ġŶǣʥޣ
׿ɵһĪ
ѵ˵ʲôȻؽᾧʥ޵㣿
뵽׿æϸ룬Ժзž¼еļء
Ϲʱڣʥ޲£˿ɵУۼҲԷâΨǿ۷⣬Ǿǡ
Ϲʥ֮һ룡׿͵۾гȫˡ
ôҲ뵽Ϲʮʥ֮һ֡ҿӣѾ͸ˣֻһֻţȻվ֮䣡
ɱˣԶʮ׽۵ˣɣ
ѵ˵ﲢʲôż۵׳𡭡


243 ۾ѧͫ
飡
ڲϵػζ׿˼˻׿תһȴͨϹᣬƴҡǸ
ǣǾĻζռҲʼ𶯿ǳâϣҪնߣʱ׼źâɢȥ󣬽ﻯΪҽ
׿ɴʧɫæֹСӣʲôⱣǵĺâƺŷġҪˣȫ
ǡҲٿЩˣܡһ񣬹ͨų˳ӡ
²һݣ׿ͨٿţƺ뵽ʲô
νѪŨˮֹͨ죬Ѿ֤ǳˡȻŲ˹Ϊ
Īǡʥ֮һĳ룬Ѫϵ
һˣ׿̾˿һǰԴ㲻֮ĵĻͲҪô
ͨüͷһƣԡ
׿ҡͷЦЦ˵νˣҲѹû˭ϣԼĺˣ˰װɣ
˵ˣˣͨ۾ۣŵ
΢΢ͷ׿㿴ֻűѹѵλŵ֪㱻µûܱ㣬Ͳѹ𣿡
ؿ׿һۣͨĨһϵˮڲٻζǾˣ׿ɳһ
ۣ
ͻȻ׿һѪؼըɫѸٲ԰ͨ˲ɴ󾪣æס
׿ȴǰ˰֣Ц׶˺ӾˣҵżѰ֮û뵽
һ׿̾û棬Ҳˣ
常㲻µģǲŸոϣͨһæ󼱵
òҵһ׿ôˣȴҪȥͨѹٴγˮ
׿ˣʧЦҡҡͷһΪû£ǰȴΪҲѵõĺñ
ؼǣɶӣҲƭġ
۾΢΢У׿̾һöָڹָͨͷϣŲһ㣬Цöָвҩģˣϣ㾡쳤ѪպӦа취ӳ
常ͨ죬ứģΪж
׿һۣͳȸ񵰣ȥԺƵûţֻ͸
Ȼû˵꣬񵰱ǵؿʼѡ
׿һ૳ҿ⵰Ȼˣѵǡ

ͻȻһ쳤Х޵Ȼѣ̽һֻСԴȫ׹ը졣
ֻǣһȸͬȻɫġǸϵâŷɥף
ͨһŵøæ㵽һߣ׿ҲȻȫˣ̸ܣһһףȸ˰ɡ

Сգһ˫̶ͫĴ˿׿ʱȴٲȻϳԼĸסɻ³˳
Ϊոճ裬ֻõײײŤС壬ǰز˲䡣
׿ؿСգգ۾ȴʧЦЦСϿ߾˰ɡһȸɳΪޣҲֻһ׵硣Сȴպ֪Ҫɳֵزڴ
常ץסҪңȻͨȴǶź棬˻֣ȳƺ൱¡
׿ȻʧЦҡͷСӣʲôϵֻһ죬Ӷ˲ˣοˣңӹԺʣˣʲôµģ
˵ΪСҲ˲ٵģҲҵĶӡģչһµܵܣ
׿ͯĴ֪ͨ־ףЦС׽
ͨŵ÷æҡͷ
׿ȴǴЦӣ綺һ֣ͯ棬ȡҲá
⽫Сڵϣʾȥҹͨ
Сһǳĸ׵Ȼҡߴߴͨȥ·һҪҸСܵһֻϵףž죬ùͨһ̲סȫ
߿߿
ͨץϵʯȥСȻ·ȣȴ൱һһͶ˹ȥ
ңΪǸڸˣɸ˷ܵͨȥ
ͨǿСſˣһֱʯȴôҲҲ׿һȴǹЦһİ֣֮
ҲıƼˣͨһʯãѰӵĶڣλãһɫ͹
ͨ˵ȥȴһȻò
ԣһСʯͷȻòϡˡ͵һֲ˾ţ֮Ž͹ʯ
ֻ͹ʯһ˶ߣڹͨӵУԵ൱Эңǹ쳣ùͨЩ
׿һҪֹǹͨƺĺܺ£ϾҪ߽ԼҲ̲סˣһʹ˹ȥ
Сһų˲𣬾ôѧ˷裡
һʯҵϣҳһһ׼ĴӡСľھʯϣٿͨʱҲ¶˾֮ɫ
ԭλ粻Ǹ棬
׿ҡҡͷŹͨĹĵӣҪڿȴǶȻͫһضǿʯ
ʱ˿̣üϸ쿴
ԭʯһֻ޵һ⻬羵͸ӰϸĹۿ£ܷ֣ʯ֮ƺܶӰ֡
Ӱʯ
׿ɴгֱ૵¼񵽱ˣ
ӰʯʥҲʮϡ٣һЩʥ壬Ϊ˽ԼĲ֮أȥŽǼ¼ϡ䱦
һĻӰʯֻᴫʥ峤峤ʯͷƣὫµľ
ϣӰʯûˡ峤߼ʱٽؼ¼һӰʯУ峤
һеؼͲ⴫
ǣû뵽֮УлӰʯ֡
ôӰʯм¼Ļ˭ľѧأҪôǳģҪôԼġ۵Ļͷˣ˵ܽϵײ֮࣡
һ뵽׿̲סֱ֣СӣӴʯͷ
ͨһ㶣Ϊ׿ָɣͷҪҾˣҵȷôʯͷȥֻС񡣼ȻҲӣҵܵܣôȷˣʵڲʯͷӣ
׿һЦãͷ֪ܸģοûҪ˼ҴʯͷҲӾͲˣ
۾һͨԣܾ׿ʮ־ϲģ
ǣһУǿӰʯڹͨһֻ۵ȭ»ΪƬɫʯͷɢγһ
ʱгһӰȥʮӣɫȴΪׯϡֻͫУâؿס
ƺٶһ˾Ҫȥһ
Ϲʮ֮ףֻۣһۣ׿˳
ɫƽƺҲڶ棬ȴ縩ϣῪڣ󱲣ȻҴ򿪱ĻӰʯǾ֮ˡὫһͨͫ㡣ϸĲ򣬲
ʲôȻǿͫ¡׬ˡǺǺǡӲ˶׿ɵ鲻ԽشЦ


244 ͫһ
˵Ϲǿеۣѧͨһ׽ۣۣͫܵ˵ͫ۴ﵽ۾ʱ򵽵ĵһ֮ͨ׽Ҳ޷ġ
׿鼤СһţרŶ˸ƣűר־ؿǿӰ
һԵĴлᣬһҲ
νͫͫеͨȽһ֣ݣ˴Կգﲻա
ӰΣһһ٣ڿھϸĽ⡣׿ǽǸߴӰһ˿
ͨСƺҲ֪׿ƺ൱ҪҲȫߡ
Ӱ֮Ŵҹ׿ôһֱţϸϸƤգһ¡
ʮؿͫţڱϣģԿɵڲ֮ءڱڶͨ׽ۣ̥ͫɡ츳ӱԲᣬպ츳ǷѣһӰʯ֮ɾֹͣڴ˲δشˣȡᣬãΪ֮
£еɢȥ۵ӰҲʧˣֻʣµǿķѵĻӰʯ׳Ϊһʯ
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ͨˣֵ常ôˣ
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ǻʲôҰңͨ˵ʮˬذ׿ٴηʯѰŸոһĻӰʯ
׿ҲʧЦҡҡͷ
۲úۣ׽ۣúȡԼĽäĿͨº˲ԾҲ׽۵
׿ֲۺˣû
أײˡЩֵǣӰʯеӰ񣬷к˵ģôƽ޹ʵܵùħʣ
̧׿˿ǳţ׿ƺµʲô
ٺٺ١أͽϵڱӲ˭ӣ
׿ȻһЦҲŹͨһŵ档ֻСһԱıһ˫̶ۿŶһϡ档
ϵϸڸʲôأѵгӳԣ
СҲŷأ
Ȼʱ֮طһ飬ȴȻ׿Щ֣ѵֻһͫĻӰʯ
Ǻܿ죬㷴ӦһĶͷһ
ôŸˣ
ԣƺ׷籩ԵĴһȭϡͿͨǸ׽ۿھĻӰʯˡ
ԵʱŻĪиڴڿھҲײ׽ۡڻ£Ȼ׽۵Ŀͷھˣͨʧ
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׿ֻܰЦǻͷ룬۵ʱԡƺ־ãʧ֪Ǹ
Сӣˣ׽۸Ե˰ɣ׿³һȻЦЦȳ
ͨͣһУǡֻƾʲôܹͫκ˵廹ϵˣȻɣ׽ۻ᲻֮
׿̲סʹһů
׽۵ţֻԼʵǿѡɹͨȴһʼΪƵģⲻܲһж
Ȼǿɹƭģϲĺܡ
ûϵͫȫ㹻ˣ׿һЦ֣ͨСеǰ
ͨȻЩų񣬵ܵܣҲŬʹԼȥˡ
׿СһԴ¶һƬ֮ɫСӣС񡭡ҾͽȸɡΪһҪػ󷨣չˣҲ֪ʱܳءţв⻤֮⣬ⷢ⣡
İɣ常Ҿȥͨæڰ֣ףһɵ
ȸȴᲱӣԡ׿ҲûʱͣͰͨúÿţԼϲһ棬ر˫Ŀ붨ˡ
ʱۣ
֪˶ã׿ٴ˫ʱɴףѾȫˡһɼΪǿƣ͵شͷųͬʱ֮ͫУһɫԲʱʱ֣ʱɫ׹
һӣΧ󷨳ȥ׿վХ
ףͻˣʱһͯ󣺡常˺𣿡
Ȼ׿΢΢һЦתͨˣʵǿԳȥˣ常һװƣһɣ
̲סݺݳ飬ͨ̾常ҪţҲ봵ʵһˣŴӶ͹ؾͻƵ͹ǾأûͻƣôǷɣָҳȥָȸأ
˵ţͨһָ֮ķ򣬴󺰳ȸϵˣ

һһֻɶ೤ɫ񣬰Ǻ֮⡣ЩֲžشϣȴǶû˿Ӱ졣
׿һĿɿڴȸȸȸѾļˣϵҲġǡЩ׺ܶ඼ʮһʮģû𣿡
һʼҲģӦͬԴɡͨʼ磬Щ״ϣᱻաղͻᱻԶɢȥ嵹ûʲôӰ죡
׿գգ۾¾̾
ӵǸҲǸʮ׶£ԺҪǿֵز
ҲڹҲˡȻǰǱôƺڣСӣҲһɣǺǺǡ
뵽׿ͨЦǺǵСӣҩĳ𣿡
ˣȸһСأֻǲ֪ôȥѾûԹҩˣӪˡͨԼСӣһ񣬸еί
׿ļͷڰЦҪϵʹǳȥ
˰ɣŶ͹ǾؾˣͻƵҲ̫ˡмƲƲ죬ͨճһָȸɣף˳ȥ·ҩˣٺٺ١
ɫһ׿аŭΪһףöӿ
ǸɿһͨСӣԿӰ׵ɲÿɣҴһȭҪ֪Ҳ͵ģΪɲʵ
üͷһƣֵͨؿϵˣһȭոҲԲס˵ûͻƵˣ
ϻ˵ӵǾװƴɣ˵˵ģӿʵģ׿˰֣ٴδһ
ͨ̾һָֻϵ̫ˣɣǧҪƺˣ
ţָͨһ
˵һָ⻮һֱ֧׿ȥ
ȻͨȻƵСһȻ׿ܳܵ˵ġȴ˿ôվţֱһǿҵǰ
常Сģͨɴ󼱣ͬʱаޣΪʲôٿС㣿常ΪߣһָҲ˲³
ǣɫ¶׿ȴͻȻһɫĹ⻷һ̣ವһ׿Ӱ˲ʧˡ
³ʱ˹ͨ
ͫһأλλ׿һ̣¶˵ЦݡͨȴһɲǼ䣬׾ˣ
Ϊ׿ʧ˲䣬ȻʧȥӰӾģʶ·ȫʧһ
⣬ôܡ


245 
СӣҲһȭ
Ȼͨع׿ǴȳͨһȴǲмƲƲ죺ϵܶҲˣȭͷûʲô
ǻδ䣬һ׹ը죬һɫâʱӿȥ
̲סͫһͨ󾪣ܵطͷ㵽Ǿ󡣶âҲ˲䴩Զը죬¡
ͨӵ̽Դȭâ׿ǳ׾ˣͰ͵ص塭常ôҲܷװ
ǺǺǡǿͫЦһ׿˦˦۰򣬺СӵķӦҲԼĸɶǰװһأͫһ֣ҪǶԿռ䷨áͫһأλλҽԪ̽鵽Ŀռ򽻻λܹԼﵽ˲֮٣ǡ
˵ţ׿һץͫнɫ⻷ָͨͷϵĽָȻʧϣһЩ޷任λǺǺǡСӣȻѾԹҩģöָջأԺƻã
һУţƵͨǹͨҲ̲סŴܷͣŽѼȥľ̾ⲻͯ˵ƽһγ֡
ô˵Ǿ޵ˣΪû˿Դ㰡ͨգգ۾𾪵
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ǡЩأôᡭţֶͨ߶µʵƺĻ൱ɵ
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246 Ⱥ
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248 ߼Ļ̸
׿ܼңǷ֣ϷΪλ㣿֮𳤷Ǻ΢Цڡ
׿ȻһЦ΢΢ͷȴû˵ֻ˫ƽĻش
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ʵո׿һ仰֮У˵ĻȨԼıҲҪǣߡ
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𳤷ЦҡҡͷֵԼڴˣ׿ܼҵĴǣӦò⣡
ӣ׿һۣƺǻһĪЦ⡣
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׿һЦȻ˵޷
ģϷһة࣬޳ǵŴܼңҹܼҡ˵˱ͬ࣬Ϊָ㽭ɽ˳֮ǣϷ޳˽ģֻʱδ÷׿ܼ֮ţΪθʾ֮ڡϷۣ²ΪΪ֮ˡ⡭ʵϷ򲻽⣡
ͫ΢΢˶׿һ˼ȴͻȻ¶һЦݣһһٵΪҵҰģǴö࣡
ͫ͵һһ򵭶֮ף𳤷磬ξǺӣ˫ȭҲ߬
ߵ˫ϣƺҲǵһο⸱ģһ׿ҲϵƽɢһŨҵɱ׿ȥ
׿ȴȻ壬֮ͫУɫĹ⻷΢΢

ͻȻ⽣֮ʱ𳤷ȴ̧ƣ˰ڣ˫ϲƣͷǹɱ⣬׿Ҳһ
ֻ𳤷翴׿ȴʮ㯣Ϸ֪µҰĵж󣬵ȴʮڴһĵϣǻһΰɣ
˵꣬𳤷ӻ֣ת뿪ϸæϡ
˼ʮԶԶ뿪ǼСƹݣһϲƺһ𳤷ة࣬ΪβǽСӵĿʵ̫ˣ
ϷǾãڴţҡҡͷ𳤷üͷ૳ǣĿľʲôأ֮ܣʱգȫܹưԣȴһֱƿΪʲôأСһϷƽһ͸ˣ
˫ϱ˴˶һۣҳ´ة˼ֻһ·ȥ𳤷ȴüͷ벻ͨԵɣʹ˫Ҳһ̾
һƿСĺôҪô
һ棬ǵһ¶䳡Уһһεر
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ԣһ꣬ʮ꣬͹ؾʵȻᣬȴȻ
ս񣬶սԪ˧ĵλӣ廢СĽƺ˭˲֪˭˲ڶսߣλֳս࣬սĥһӣ
ǵΧʮƺµ꣬ȴǱƺҪ㣬ȫɢһҲֽһ㣬ŽĹ
ȻҲֻж͹صΪȴܹѶ͹ǰ˾صĸֻɱˣƻ൱ֲ
⣬׿ͳѵһµһ
ȻֻеıɽһǣȻԿһһжôֲ̬
һЩɳӣǿһսֹסصҲ˶ʼɣңҲֻɳʮС
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ڸղţʮˣһ֮вСĶһٶˣǽ˼һвٶ͹ǰ˾صĸ֡
ⲻ˶Ŀ࣬Ŀ࿴
˵ҵǿսδǳǾ͸ڴǸ˵еĳħµĽɫ


249 
ζҼսʤߣٳң
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ѾҶʮʤ˰ɣ治ǰң
ǰ˵ǵĵһ֣ûϳǸ׿ܼң˵пһʵΪħ
ʲôҵʵǿǰôһֱתء

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ͬģڿ̨ϲλãҲվżϤӰǳ䳡ϵת׿ȥһᾪ
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250 Ҳ
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ʵǿԶԸ˵ģʱ˿̣ǶôϣǸ˻ͻȻ֡ͬģҲڵĵ


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ħôĻλǾͷڹˣƳһۣһЦ
һݣʱǲףԭԵؾȻ׿Ϊ׿Σ¶棬Բַ
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ӣɴʧɫǿĶԣ
̧׿ȥʱȴǸһĿѾ֮ˣɫѸٳȥɽϰ


252 µĻԪ
϶ˡҪһӴпɾ͹һˣЦһϰߣǷƵü
ϰһֱĬض˵ķֻ֮ͫеɱ⣬ȴǺΣ
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ݺݵصһۣѦæͰ͵ؽ͵С㣬ᣬҡûʲô׿͸ǵ
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Ѳ˵Ǽһ֮ôô飿ߣĴܲ
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256 ֹ
ڶͷǰ첻Ĩͷϵǵ亹ɫɱֵȻ׿ȴȻûһ˿и൱ء
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΢΢׿аЦЦŶô˵ոǵˣôڣ׼˰ɣ
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һʱϰǰһƻЦΣƨԴˣ
ͫһϰ´󺧣ôҲ뵽׿ξȻͻȻһʱ֮䣬Ҳѣæָ̧񵲣
ʱ⣬ﵲס׿ѾõһƣңǶ׿ƾħ󻯾Ͳں
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תȥ¶һаЦݣ˵Խҵǰ
üͷ˶׿ݺҧҧ˫ȭ߬𡣿첢УҪթض࣡
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˼սŭȼգתۺݺݶ˻


257 ɱ
죬СΪӣսƤԨҰޣͺ֮
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Ϊε·
ΪҪִԪ˧Ľ׼˽
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ǶսȻظֲɵӣ֮ǣ䣬˫ȭյǰֱ죺˵ҵӣ˵ģ
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ҵĵأô£ңײϣȹײϣս˫ͫ죬ͳɤȫɱȻƲסɢ
ҡҡͷ쵭ǲҸɵģȶȡҿԪ˧ϣǶλӣúܣ
أϷҪúˣսŭһ
һָֻ֣ԶȻϢٵ磬쵭ȻԪ˧㲻ˣڸղţλ׿ܼѾĿ֮£ӣжһȣҪ

Ϣһͣս쿴ԶǸѪɺӣɫ԰ףʧһȵ磬촽ȴԶԡ
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СӵȻֻһˣȹҲǸзϣҪҵضˣ
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Ȼ׿ȴôˣŶսڳҪս󲻿ɣǸæԪ˧ǧɲ֪ոжôգ֮ʱĸΧҼүһ֮ˣײУ޳ˣ
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Ѿ˸޵ģô˼֤ģô޳ܣ
ţҲһίͼӴ׵׿ܼԣȻ˵Щأǹ˼棬ˣ常
ۣ
ٴһѪؿѣôλСҲ׿ܼһʼںˣ
׿ѽ
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Цſ׿ֻ޾ķŭħãȵټ߼Ҿս֮ʱϣ㻹ôõ
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ıӰԶԶʧսȴ澪ɫ૳Сӣֻ۷徳ɣȻѾӵվеɱ֮һţպɾͲ֪Ҫߵֵزˣ
ԣҲһݣɫءʵȻһأһȼģ
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治֪ǹϣʤ㰡սɨڳһۣҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ҳǽüͷ̾ոն׿һ˿ϣҲ˲ɢˡ
ɱˣǿ߿ԶԸ
׿ٹͨ粻Ҳһûã
׿ȴѹںɱôǰȻˡ


258 Ӿ
֮󣬶սһȺʿЩ֮ˣ̧˧оΡֻ˶ûпǣһݹ᾵Ӱңңؿǽʧ
һȴǵŴܼңӣ޳ɣ
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ȥˣҪĲû뵽ٴμ棬ǷֲǵûСˡ
˵һﻹһֱ޳ܵͣڶ͹ǾĲΣʵһ͹Ǿߣ
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˲꣬˼ʱӦõģдѹԻķôǺǺǡô⣡׿ֱЦ
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ϻҵֻ˷۶лֱԲ䣬ǵòԶѦ㣬һͨ죬ݺݵصһۡ·׿ǰ˵ḡ֮ԡ
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ǣԪ˧ʱͷһĴЦȴпһ£
СˣϷսЦһָλԱһӣʾ
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ȻôţĻұ˾ͺãҪأ׿һЦֱҡԴ
ԣս첻ɳ̾һһǣǲ֪±ףһʦȴ̫ˣս֮ϣűõʽĵطܶࡣӪûмʦսĺܳԿ
ҲҰֲֻͨ󷨣׿ίƲƲ죬ʼ
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һս۾ð⣬ǼΪõһʦˡ׿Ͳˣϼһﶢϣ֪ܷӹħצ
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⣬ҲΪΣҪǱǣԪ˧ϵԭΪϵֽס϶Ҫġ


259 ս
šԪ˧ĽӲˣɣ׿˰ҡԴҪ뿪
ৣ
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ӪΪǰӣսһ㶣ԡ
׿ͫһɣг⻹㣿׻˵룬ĸؽҵۣӰԺɼҵ
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ڵļŮ̲ס촽ЦǳǺѣ׿̸ɼҵ֪뵽һƬϼ
ٱ˴˿һۣȴЩ˳֪СҪɼ֮ˣ˭
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һͷߴ£޲Ҹطȥű۹Ͷɫߵɷ죡
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ս۾һʲô˵ֻҪϷܰ쵽ģһѣ
šԪ˧ܷϵıȨһãҲԪ˧񫣡
֣д£ܶϷսҡҡԴ΢ǺֺܿɵؿССӣҪȨʲô
ǻ˵̤ɽӣ̤ƽţ׿üͷһг
սһæ˾£вΪ
ٺٺ١ûϵһ֮ҾоȨˡʱ˭˭׿üЦ
²ɴ󺧣սŷ֣ǰֻ׿֮ˣȴǰĺΪˡ
Сӿɲƺôọ̃պһȨ֣Ŀ԰ͱһƿǣתת֪˼ʲô
УСӲ̫죬úҰԲУ
ƺ룬׿һЦٺٺ١֪Ҫʲôνóľˣҽ´һ꣬͵ø׿ûǽͷενˣ
ף԰ƴƴҲ֪ʱ࿹һ֮꣬һ۹ǿսֶΪ
׿۾һսЦǰôû뵽أԪ˧һҪ˵ĸˣ㴦ǺûҲûⰡ

һ£ս첻Ըˣ˰֣гͷ亹乣
ΣգһħнˣȻдţҲǻҪĲܰѱǶ¾ܷᱻãΪ
ȨȡᣬСӵãҪúһǣ
һսЦţ׿Ȼ㲻Ը飬ϷȲǿˡ
ʮ⣬Ԫ˧
ϷһǿȱԸ飬㻹ǺúҹܼҰɡˣҼ·ҲˣϷȥ
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׿УǶսҲƵ˳ȥСپ
ΰıӰ˾ʧӣ·𱳺ʲô׷һ׿¶һаĻȡ
Уҷչȴǿˣ
ף԰ҪܰǶ´Ū֣ҲǸĴ㣡׿°ͣоڣƺʲôǣ
һ棬ս÷䣬תԱߵ˻
ʱ֪ʲôʱ򣬽Ǳͻ¥ҵƼˣѾȫ롣һս쵽뱧˱ȭлԪ˧ȣ
ؿϷְڡңǵˣϷֻǹȥȰܶѣս˰֣ҡҡͷ
΢΢ףЦЦ
Ǻܿ죬ѱüͷԪ˧ʵոԪ˧Ҫ׿Ӫһ󣬴¿ɷݻټ벻
ǵȻһҪ֮£ϷҪϸϸǣûоλܷģս쳤ϱ̬
Դ׿Ƿ׳׿Щ£
СӣʲôҲа취Ķ´һ֮Ǿ鷳ˣ
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ʱ׿Ҳ˽λȭ
һ΢Цŵ˵ͷļ׿ȱʱǵĲķˣ
˵ʵû׿ңȻһƥһڰټҹעվ䲻߼ˣ
׿ع飬Ǿһǿˣ
׿ܼңҽȫˣԵ֮սΪҹܼңǲǸȥһˣѿ׿ЦͬʱҲʶһ׿ʧĽչ
΢΢ʼ磬׿ÿɷ񣺡ǵȻΪҴսĵһսһ죡ʱҿҪƽˣ
ҲҪ׿ܼҵһսĺ䶯ˣݷüЦ
ţ˱˴˶һۣǴЦȫڴ׿յĲ֮١


260 Ҫɱ׿
ڶ죬䳡УһҵĻ
̨ϣΧȻɵһƬ˻֮ˣֻӢͦε꣬ؿһУ¶˷֮ɫ
μսʤߣ³ǣѦңΧհټսһλǿ̨ϣһָ꣬ȳ
ΧٴαһҵҲ˸߲ҵرһм֡ţæ̨ȥ˷ʱϲã
磬磬ϲǣ
Ѧǰһ˸һӵЦȻ
ԭѦҳѦգѦҴѦ֡ԴڤһۺǱ㱻лȻȥΪ˽ĸ壡
˴ΣҲԴݣμټģ
նֶǱֲǾĽսܹүһսˣѦҼѦЦһһصͷסѦҶҪúûסλӣ
ѦѦ죬һҲͷ
ΪлĹϵѦڽӻ£չˣʮѰΪʲôܹҲμӰټȴ˱ᡣ
ѦպѦͷҲǳս⡣
лѦߣȴһֱҡͷ̾ϢֺολμѪȵսأʵ˵սĲҿɷǱѰλ硭
Ӳض˵ˣѾôܽݣȴñѦѰӸһᣬΪЧɣѦһȭһ
лؿһۣҡͷ̾˿
ʱ̨λƽһսǶңǣң
䣬ϤӰһƱӵܣ̨лһǰһԭﵹˣ
ףǲǶҲʶ𣿡Ѧһ㶣л
лɻؿôʶǵģ
¥ͽǽΪʱǽӴȻЩŵ˺ܺã΢ЦôʶǵģҵӵܣӦúʶĵӰɣ
Ŷڻʶģ˵ǶСӣһȣлƲƲ죬С棡
΢΢һѦؿһ̨ϵĶ֮ɫ૳ѹˣÿᵽˣҡͷѵ˵Ҳǡ
ų̂ϵĶңǶ붭
Ϊڻ׿ύʶ˻¥ĸλ¥ⶭҷˣƽƣƸΪ¥ĸ壬˻УΪǵš
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ǰر˱ȭҲӯӯ°ݣЦŵ˵ͷ΢΢׻ѦոǿŶչʾһ˵΢Ц
룬һȻ֪
Ѧ֣þòˣû뵽ͨͨսǵĺҪս˰ʱһθ̬Щֵ߻
ԺͶһæ˰ݣ
ѦҲǰ˰ݣֻǿлҲڣͷңңһ
ˣǶҼ
ǰ󣬶ָָѦյһ˲Ű֪ɷ䣿
ޣѦЦЦ⡣
ҼҲȻͷָָЦôɣҼСŮҲ޻䡣Ϸϣ硭
һۣɫһٸԸ
Ѧ㿴Ŷ˫ͫƺԼӰӣЦһҡͷǶ˵ѱռݵˣ
ʱ̨ǿߵٴ𣺡һսǺңڤң
͵һ£Ѧ˲̨ϿȥڤǵϼңڤȹϽԴѳڤȺڤǾĸƹˡ
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̨ȥֻһһŮˣԷȴʮǶ͹Ǿ֡ͷˣΪ
ݣڶУҲѡ֣ƽһˣ
Ҿֻжˣȴ൱죬ͫѪ졣˰ģ˵Ȼ˲治ò
ֻվͼΪɭɲдܳĶһ㣡һ֪ǲǶ͹۷ѣ
ٺٺ١͹۷壬սʮλֱ֣ǲͷһλ꣬аЦһָһһŮӣ˼ȥѰǲǣ
һҲǸŴЦ
Ǿʱȴˣһ֮£˲ǰһĨ
ʱ䣬һɫȪӿǺΪ֮ˣͫһɣŵصȥнã
Ҳ֣Ϊᱻһ͹Ǿ۷ߣһлɱ
˻
һе˶˼ؿǶˡ˵ЦȻֹ˵֮ɫ
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ֻ޾ѪˮЩĿʬ壬ʾոǳսжôң
Ѧŵס۾лƤ΢üͷ塣˾ʲôͷ־Ȼ˲̣
ʱ̨ϵǸŮ˻еŤͷһָѦҷ¶˹ЦݣڤȵͽսʱǻǸϾɱһΪڤŻǡ͸ҺúõŰɣ
²һݣѦ˵ɫȫ㷲
ʵ̫ˣ˵ѦաѦЩѦСѦѦëȻĸо
лǰһ̤üͷ𣬽Ѧ㻤󣬴ȳڳԣǸҶѦңԣ
лҶӣǼԸģֻԸѦͽЦһŮʰͷ
ǹɷԷһ󵨲
ʱת׿ˣѦֻǵĵڶĿ꣬ǵҪĿ꣬ң
ʲôҪԸңѦһĵ
лȴǳһǰ죬̥ҪԸңҪһ¡
ڣ˭ţ׿ħˣ
׿ȣһȫֻСħֱС׼סȥ鷳࣡
˭֪Ѧ˵ǵɫϾǷһ˷ܸУаЦûǾҪңȫɱ⣡Ǹܼ׿Ҫȫʬ
ԣѦСŮĶᵽɤ۶Ϊ׿ǡ
׿磬Ҫˣ
лȴǲûЦֵܣѾʶ׿ôѾѾεºܣȻ˴Բѵ˵ɵӶŵЦ
һѦӣл̲סգ°⣡
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261 Ŀ
쿴߼ңڤȵˣ
ͻȻϯһȣǷ׷ת׿ȥȴɽһڳϣɫλãɽβμսĹӡ
ΪǾ壬սΧȨ֮أ˵߼ңһҲעԱûʲôϯ
ڣǾǣ߼ҵڤȾȻأȻ֣ҾôڹϯϷλãȻΧ˳ҲЩƽ￴۵Ķһˡ
ûݵ£ôó
ѵ˵Ҫ֣ͬʲôֵùעҪɫҪأǺߣǾʲôͣڤµһӣ
һʱ䣬оأȴǲԣ
Ǹӣ߸ϵɽΰ¶һ̬Цݣ˰ɣĹȻǵļսˣ˵ڤȶжôӣ
ûǸͽѦҿɲһڹĸһĴڣǹŮҲһ̬ĹЦ
Ѧ˶һĿҲڤȵһɻڤѵΪҴģʲôʱڤ˹ĸˣ
ֻлмƲƲ죬ֱ۶һɽû̥
˵ʲôĹΪΪ˭սֻǣΪڤȸսģŮһ˻ߵشг
лȴνʼ磬ÿɷ
߼ҵֻб˴ˣܰϷǴذɣ
ʱһԭڤȳֲãһǰ
ڤȺȫɷĴүǲͬЩȴɴŮӡ
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Ϊ֮ѳ̾Ǿһƴתڲࡣһ¥д˴ҪμսĻ¥ӣ
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û˵꣬ҼЦúϲ£죬ѦҵһĽʺޡ
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˲ֹ񾭲ҲһǺεºܣôͻΪ߼Ϊģ
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ûǽлХлһڳϽˣ
ѦѦƽһ¼飬̲ס򶭼ҼǺǺǡѦҵӳ̶ҲͰ
ȵȣѦүү
ȻЩ԰֮˵꣬лǼסҲ̲ȥˣλȻ֪ô˵ܻǣǣܷܲƽ̬ҪôˣЩ֮ûһۣôܻΪǶ
һǰҲԣ
ǲΪǶΪ˭ֻΪ߼ҵĸ壬ս
ʧЦһлҡҡͷ
߼ҵ˱˴֮⣬ֵӵǿߣļսУӵģСӣ˭
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һҹƣ޴󰭣ֻɫЩ԰ףһһһ˼˲󾪣һеĴôһȣҲܴ
ֻк֪⴩ǵ׶ĳħħӲ˺ҧһȣű⸱ԣ
ڳ𾪵ļˡ
߼֮ףţ
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Ȼһ˿ǿ˷ָ̣ȻȫˡңҲ̲סͫһĪ
ŵʵȻͬСɣһҶҰ
ѹһ߼ҵҰˣʵǶû˼˷Ѱ
˾̾ĿУԪǰߣǿ˰ɿ̲סϢһͣ׷׺ˡ
ֱ̨Ϸλ£ǿƲȥΧ亹乣ŵĵˣ
ˣոջ壬·һ㡣߼Ҷˣ϶ΪǶ
ǰ˴ԲѵԿ䣬ɷҲ
˴˶һۣѦҵϣЩߺ죡ҵ̥бۿ˿ҲɫЩӲ
Ǹˣ˭ܰ߼ȫۼ˹ע
лףȴǲ˵
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ʵǿڣȴˣ
ܿ죬ǿԼȳһսߣңԷٳǣң
䣬뿴Ǹ볡ڣֵΰټĺҳˣ
ǣǿǰʮ˳ս˶֪ǿԽԽЩǿ֮ĩ˼һζսȻǣǿؿȥˡ
ΣϵңڶҲ۷ĴڣȻǿߣֱһȥ
Ȼڴұ֣εĶսȴǲֹۣ

һỺûעӵĿУ˫յƺڽѵĲ£䳡
龰һűҡͷ
ƺı֣ǰӢۣţ»˵廢֮һƺ֧Уزٵս֮һ
ڣȴĪˣôҵƱֹˡ
վ̨ϵҶʮǿߣ¶ЦƺȻʤȯգ
ȻʱһֱѽǸӰȴǻǰ֡Ҳһ̣߼ǿߵĿˢˢɨ
šڤȵ׿гļ壬̲סͷųǿƣΧһȻ
ʱǲŻȻԭ߼һֱڵȵ
תһе䣬žը죬׿ǰһȻ̬֮Ȼ˫ĿУŵĹâ·ﶼŵ
׿ѽ󣬿ǹһΪ˵΢Ц
̲ͫסһ˶󾪣ǲʶ׿֮ˣԻ
˭Ϊλ߼ҹͬע
붭ǵϤӰȻŴ͡û뵽Ȼ׿
Ƕ񣬿׿˸֮ɫϲаˣһ˿طİο
ѦѦӱ˴˶һۣҲ۾ɫôҲ뵽ɽǸֳ֣꣬
塭ħ
ʱ̨ϲ֪˭ֵشһһٴν׿ӰȻھ⣡
ǿսһﲢĳħ
˵εļսпͷˣ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀǰδе˷ܣڴ


262 ֪
ӣչ˺үС㣡䳡׿תͳһ껤һһ̨ȥ
龰ڳ˵Ƥ΢΢˶ѵ˵Ҫһ˶Ҷʮǿ𣿿һڻţҲȫȻˣһЩС
Ƕ뿴ƾһ֮߼ӵ꣬ǿĴڡ
׿磬ͣѦ׿˻֣żС
΢΢һͣ׿ת׿Ѧķ΢΢һЦ˻֡
ͬĶոհ־УȴǶȻ֣׿о˿ûӰӣпЦѦ׿𣿡
ǰһҵѦͷЦЦǺܿ㷢˶Ƶɫ΢΢ͷ૳㣬Բ𡭡
ûʲôбûңҡҡԴзһ˿ɬ
ʱҼ·ſ˵ʲôɻѵ˵˾ǡ
΢΢˵ͷԳ̾
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仨⣬ˮ飡ЩŮȻСΪԣСȴδػ˶οǳΪˣ⡭ٹ۲Щʱշɣ޳۾΢У֮ͫһľ⡣
Ԫ΢΢ͷ·Ķ
׿һ󣬿Ѻ˵գ̧ͷС㣬Ѿû°ɣ
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׿㲻ϵô΢΢һ죬ЦŮҲǸаЦ
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׿ԴĿˣǸǰɲһˣһҪģ㣡ӹһЦ˫ͫɢѪĺâ
׿Ȼͷ֪ǰӴûôˣǵȻòһˣȻĻҿ϶סǵģ
һڳ˲ȫһȻЦ
ǰŭĿӵļŮʱҲ̲סչ¶Цգһ˺ƴս˲߽⡣ֻһһŮⱬЦ֮Уŭ
׿̫
ͻȻһ̻Ŵܵ׿ǰֳȴλӰѴﵽصľ硣
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׿μ󣬾һֱ䳰䵽زҲȫǰ͡գǾҪԴ֮𣡡һλâݺݵص
ʱüͷǰ΢΢һݣλҪ׿ܸ֪Ǿɡ
ߺߺߡѣټ֮֮ޣѵ㶼ǵ𣿡һЦҧгݵص
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ÿһսУһֵĻᣬǲ׷
ħɣΪ֮˱˱ȭһս׼ϵ亹ȴʾ֮еĵӡ

ǣڿս֮ǰ׿ȴǻӻ֣ЦǱضҪߵսģԲô鷳ˡһֶӮеĶһһϡˣ˳Ӯˣֱӽս߼ƽ
˻
һ˲뵹һҪһ֮ԿǰмδҲ̫˰ɣ
һʱ䣬ڳмɫЩ֮ŭΨ߼ҵĸ߲㣬ؿ
Ϊ֪׿թ޵ķʸ֮ˡ


263 һɱȫ
˴˻඼˿Ȼ׿Դȴħڻţ
ּ̨սǿߣ׿ɵ񲻺Ϲذɣ
ûʲôϲϹصģֻҪ㹻ǿʸμܾս΢΢׿߰գһǷĳ嶯ת߼ڵң߼ҼҲ֪ǽսĶ˭
Ȼ߼ҶֵԾӣ
һĲмɫֻ׿߼ҲףСӵȷʸ
վ̤ǰһظ̨£
һλŴΪǲԡ
Ǻܿ죬һ˶ۺľϢشǵĶУǶ㱻һϢಡ
˼죬ҡֻȫһȦɫȻڳˣ׿Դߡ壬бǵţ
˻
ʱ䣬ȫ뷢űǾһľǷ·ûոջԣַ·𲻸ģ
̵ģֱϵڱ
ֻһ˵ԴͿԲزμʲôټҵľսɳΪŵĸ壬ȫ͸һ
ֻǲ֪β۵ΣԨجΣ
ֻ̰ǰ˶ס۾һ˫˫̨ͫ׿Ӱð˶һâ
͵ּսǿߣһʼȫȥֶʳ֮
Ҳ룬˴һѵǰ׵سԵ˵׿һĳħڻţǰ
ιӣôẦһƱ˵ģ
׿˿еָͷת׿̨ϷĻ죬¶һаЦݡ
ͬ¶һ΢ЦоտտȻ⣬Ҫô
£ٶһۣǴЦ
û׿Ҫһ䶯ս춨߼λƽĴսȻǰԽԽãڻ죬ɲΪЩľҷܹ׿ҲòӵĶֻɱ
ôҲҪЩˣ̽һ̽׿ĵףʲôûʹ
˫ȫ׶Է˼ȴָȡ衣
˵һս֮Ƕ˶ӮҡΨһʧߣЩͷԣɵǰĸˣ
߼ҵĸ߲Ҳһ㣬Ŷ˴Цӣһݣ
˶˽ĺ֮ǳɴߣ
˴ΰټʤ߱شӴ˶е
һɽݶ˶Ƴˮ𣬱Ҫڴ˶ϡǴʱ˶ϵĻպ£ҲȻ˵֮أ
˴˶һۣ߼ҸнĪâ
Ƕף԰ټΪΧŻ׿Ľ٣ΪңȻ׷ֳɡ
߼һͳ֮Ѳ赲ֻ˭Ц˶ѣ
һ㣬ֻ߼Ҹ߲ܹ͸ЩСļȴΪһЩӬͷС˴ᡭ
Ǹּսǿ߳һ󣬼˫Э飬΢΢ͷһ̤߿աֻǾܵĻȴǵʱ
վսΧսʼ

һҰ޵˷ܺзڳеļ嶼̲ס̨ϵ׿ȥһЩǲսߣֻڿ̨Ϲս޹Ⱥڣʱ·ҲѪڣȥ
ϾһԴܻδǰ̵£ܲƴȫһѡҲԼãܹ©أ
뷨ˣ
ԣǿʼ֮һ䣬˳ͬһ̨ӿ˹ȥۿȥǧ֮ڣв͹Ǿǿߣ
ԭ̨ϵˣʱȴȫסˡ
׿ǵĶ֣һ£һͷǻܹõͷȥͣ
ڣ׿һȥǻûǿӣȴֻ׿ɫâһţǶʮǿ߱˲䲻ˡ
Ǻ˲֪飬Ȼӿȵײ˹ȥײڽ£Ȼ˸߲ҵػƴ׿ǣ
ʱ䣬ǧ˵˳׿û棬תۿӰ
Ѧ㿴һǣ׿᲻£
ģСҶ˵Щɫˣл˰֣οüͷȴ΢΢Щɻ󣺡ǧһϣǲҲ̫ˣСҲܻᱻô֣һ֣
ǿôǰҲ˫ȭѵ֣ˣʱһаЦͻȻ
ת׿ȥȴǲ˲ˣ췢֮еϧѾڤȵĸˣɲͶˣȻڤȣĻҲȥ
ţȷˣҼҲź΢΢ͷ
üͷһݺݵһۡ
ҡͷת׿һɽ˺̾Ȼô˵ʵ׳նʵ̫ˣ˶ϧƴȥץסҲСӵųʱҲû뵽˶˸սɣ
ˣҲֻܹ̫ˣҡͷ̾ѦѦҲ̾Ϣŵ˵ͷ
龰ѦͶһģԺѦֵҲǽüͷֻлЦмƲƲ졣
ûǿ
ǣĽһ֮ͽôܻ㾡ѵĹŪڹ֮䣿
л׿﷭
Ϊ֪׿ϸ֮ˣ㲻׼£ģ

ͻȻһε̨뻮ϯ䳡
Ԫǹ쫷ӭ洵͵ͫһɫЩƴ̨ӿĸҸǣҲȻһգͣ˶ص˵ϣ
һʱ䣬е˶˲ʧȥʶ㣬һһص£ϻǽӲǿȵݡ
ʱ䣬ǰͣ˽Ųڷ˲Ծض̨룡
׿زǰһ󺺣Ǵ󺺵ʱڵϣϢ׿ôǰ߳
Χǵµ壬̨ȴ⣬һһزǵϣǰȥ
һߣڲŵ˵ʬ壬̤λһ
ѦͶˣһϲѦ־棬Ǿ죡
⡭ô£Ƕôˣ˹ľ̲סʵ
׿ȴᣬֻɨڳһۣ˹ָ¶һаЦݣ૳вһǧҪҵԴһϰɣ
һ̲סһڿˮаĳ棬̨˲䵹˼ǧˣ׿յػţȴ֪ô£ǻٽһ
ͨɱˣƤ΢΢һͳɤ
ͣžһ̣ȴ˲شڳ˵ĶУ
ʱ䣬˶ؿ׿ǲ֮ɫ
ɱˣǲվֵͨΪСֻж͹ǾΪȴͨ
Ȼ䣬ǿ׿ӿ־壡
ѹô׵ؾûϢһ㷴ûУԭҪɱˣһվֵĹﰡ


264 
߼Ҹ߲˶ºȻ׿ʵȻѾǵ̫ࡣ
ԭΪ׿ֻǱ̬һߣʵǿҲһϡû뵽˼һֱվͨЩϼһﶼԶԶ˦˺档
˵ʵЩģν߼Ҹ߲㣬ɻûһվıأ
һ뵽˱̲סһ߲ѣͨ죡
ڵһôˣһһ̬Щϼһ׿ͣ˵վˣͻȻţƺˣ
ڣ˵඼ᰡ
ǰˣǰɳ̲ϣΣΡ
һϼһ￴̨׿Ӣ˲Ӱȴһۺ⣬ʱԼ˼꣬һɣ֮
̲ס߬ȭͷݺҧ
׿ǰóɱˣ԰һΪǵ׿һ¡ŷ֣׿ȻҲͨյ巴Сһĺ֡
ҪڱϣһѶԷԼӰҲ˲ߴϡƫƫ׿ҲᣬŪɳ׾ˣְŪ˼Ƹ˲ʹɽ䵽ȵף½һأ
룬춼еԼյоһ
ƺ룬׿ͼӻ𣬶Żķ򣬱̧һָüͷ΢΢ȻûгǿȴǻԲ˭ܿó
׳գ
ͫ͵һ˫ĿҪڶ̲סȥھ͸׿սһ
޳ļǿ
׿ԸЩɫķк֣ܶȴƫƫѡɱˣһոŹͨԾǵ˵žž֪ܲ
ˣΪ֪ڻǶֵʱ
϶ʧ̬ʱ𣿡֪ʱڤȵɽܵҩ򣬿ϰ
ҡҡͷϰһأҵӳУûй
ҲǣСӵȷһֵôӶλĶ֣Цŵ˵ͷǺܿ죬ɽε̾Χһ߼ҾսȻͳħĶսˣǼһԣҲֻҡźһʱǱˣ
üͷ̲ס˶ϰ׿ͻȻǰʱǹɵľУһ󲻸ʣҧݡ
һʱӵ˳̶ȣ
ʱҩϲת׿Ƕһۣ൱ƽǶ˲ԷƱ˴ζԸСļƻУʱ򣡡
Ӳ𣬶һƺս⡣
ǰֻҪ˳ᢣĺһܽСӸɵϸһҲЦɢſ̹ĵĺ⣡
Ƕ˶Դˣȴǲÿɷɽ¶һЦ⣺ǣǺǺǡֺεºܣУǣ
һϰͷЦϲҲȻЦЦȴά֮⣡
²һŭϸҧҧ޵ȴûа취
Դʦҩɱҩ㳹ʧȥ˿ɽȻҩһлٮٮߣǺսĶȴǱϰԶˣҲͲӣ
ⲻ׿ֻΪ׿ɱʦһ
һ棬ڼʶ׿ı̬ʵЩǰǻļ壬˲ѹ׷׺ˣҲǰˡ
λּս̨ϣŵһƱʬѵȾ̾׿죬ȴһ̾
ǧټУսѡλûһΣô˵ģ
Ȼˣȴǲͬ飡
ǵȫǱͷԣվ̨ϡΪ˵õ޾棬Լ
ȻˣҲͱԹˣ
˴μΧսʤߣٳңһָ׿
ÿ˵Ķ߻죬ȴûһΪ׿Ķ֣˵м壬Ĺڣ
Ϊ˵ʤĵ
ңǵϰһ߾ʬ壬ǵֻʹ׿ǲ׵ʬ̤վսսġ˼ΪأУֻ޾ߺ޶ѡ
׿ȴ⡣һǿݣҪǶ蹦̵£ֻҪη͹ˣ
ӣڵЩ˵ļгºһһȥݻᣡ׿ָһȦصʬ壬ͳ
һͷ
Χˣһߣǲ֪˭ͻȻֵش󺰳׿ǲè޺Ӽٴȱɱôˣһһȥˣǲԭģ
ԣҲͷ۳޵Ĺâ
䣬
üͷ΢΢һ׿·ЦЦ㣬ЦǺǺǡǲ̫ˣ׿ɱˣʲôʱڹ˵ϵˣ
ߺߺߣʵǣոһһɱӣӿһһأҪǵպһһȥǼңȫĨպ鷳䣿ѾĲӼ˹¿ˣӽӣ˳˽أ棡
˻
һ˿׿񣬶˿־壡
ѾĻѵɱôˣһ㶼ΣҪϾɱ
һʱ䣬ƺȫ˳ޣʱ̵ԼպˡҪϽңɽˣñħҵ
˼ţȻ˾ɫҲû˸˵һҪĻ
ۿһУ޳΢΢͵صͷСӵֶεȷ౨ҲΪ棬ֱܵвʱ޷ᵭһЩ˿ϻϼң׼䣬ٶ˴εİټκ谭ˣ
СӵʮıѵİԪͫ΢΢˸
Цһ޳ҡҡԴ֮ǱֻΪʧܵһ̣˸ҽֻҪһֱӮȥǧʵûʲôɾģڿɹظмһΪ̵ӳ񡣵Һ͵ңûʲô֣֮ͬô⣬˭ٸң
һԪص˵ͷӲ֮ˣе֮ţǾȥΪã
˵ţԪվΣҪ뿪
ˣڲࡣҼˣٿ׿һۺҲ׷վ뿪ȥҲûʲôҪ鱨ռˣ
٣׿һͨ˶֪ˣ
ɨ߼һۣ׿һоȣתѦ㡢лȥڰЦɰԭҲμټˣ
Ȼ׿ûע⵽ǣһ̣ѾԶ޳ȴͻȻͣת׿۾΢У·뵽ʲôǻһЦݡ
Сӵ㣬ҺЩüĿˣ޳ٴԪǰЦ֮ɫ
˫ͫһԪüѵѾ֪ƽ⣬СͻȻʧͨˣ
ûУǴŸռ䴫һ㣬Ҫ󷨽ס뿪ǣ޳ҡҡͷ
ǴԱ׿Ļһһ̾޳֮⣬ǿͫһأλλ㣡
ǡνУľթǳ۾΢΢һУԪü
΢΢ͷ޳¶һصЦݣûСӹթҲƭǣٴҲʧʱ򣡡
ŶˣüͷһԪһ⡣
һͷ޳Ц


265 ɥȮ
׿磬ϲɹټҾս׿Ѧ㲻ЦȻش
ѦͶҼ⼸ϼһȴһݣ׿ӰΪɵȻȫף׿û˿⡣
ǣǿв
׿ǰһ֮䣬ɱǧ˵ĳǱϼ˾˰㣬ֻС¶Էһģͽǲܲ־壿
ʱ˿̣ǵȻһӲЦݣǱȻ亹
缸ֻɪɪӣͻɢһ㡣ͻûгǵʳҲƲסǷĵ׵Ŀ־壡
׿ԼȴûʶڱУȻһôµĴڣɹһƵЦݣڳһһͷ
ڳˣҲǽӲصͷЦЦ
ȻֿѦ㣬ͦͦŵǲӦôЩңһ㶼ǧҲûʲô˵ģ
һЦһһԴ亹
ȻԼ˵ĺɣҲ룬ЩʲôˣǸѦҡһͨôңѦҡҳʲôˣ
ⲻǵ͵ָźУͺô
ѦҲܷʲô˭˼ʵǿһָֻͷأ
˰ɣ
ҧҧֻһֱЦ׿һأƽǸ߲򽻵Ҳûʶ仰жô˵
ѦҲǵͷЦЦȴûô˼ܿ죬üͷ壬ǵǡ׿磬ҪȥǼǶѾףȻ䳡ϣ̨ۣӣȥϾɱ᲻̫ˣǰѦҲ㱻壬֪ǹɾͿ־塣㣬㡭ܷܲŹǣ
⡭
׿һüͷѦһԣæŭ׿ܼҴ˾ٱ⣬вһʱϷ׿ܼҵĴƣңӺɷһԼȳ׷ο׿ܼһһӢܣܡ
õģû⣡
ȻѦ컹ûıŮ׿ʼ磬νصҾֻŻһ£ǱҵжǣȻĿĴɣֺανɱ¾ѵ˵ɱԵħ𣿡
㲻Ѿǣ
ϹŽӲЦݣҡԴȴһ󸹷̡
ѾħĻ̨ŵǧʬģ
Ѧ㻹ǼΪϲõģ˸߲ҡпЩڲˣ׿Ҳνɱ¾
׿΢΢һЦСԴɷеسһ˿֮ɫ
ѦȴȫɵˣոտһֱΪ׿ײΪǡɣΪѵŮ
һתۣ׿ʹӦŮҪ󣬷ŪˡԺСǰĶ飿
ǿ׿˫Ȼ˫ͫƺֻӰ̾ԣֵܲǮǹԹȥˣ
ιÿѵ֪ʲôŮܲ𣿡
ͻȻžһ죬лһ˦֣׿ͷϵִֻһŭɫʵѴ׺ˣֻ׿Դʱʵ̲ס˶ѡ
ƺ룬׿һ󣬳εؽ˻ȥ
ʱ󷽵ЦǰŮӵӣ
ȻֿѦ㣬Ǹص˵ͷ⣬׿ܼǸˣһȥһúѵһ
ˣûµġС㣬ǧ׿磡Ѧһæڰ֡ƺΪС㣬Ȩܹѵ׿Ըæ顣
׿üͷһ壬֪ģͻȻһ˿С
׿ܼңʱͳҲߣһűֽ
׿˳ֽӹֱһ˳ȥˣ
ͳһԣ׿ܼôȻôĻ
׿Ҳ֪ΪʲôֻǾøղűлʱزһʧ䡣ѵһ̵ִۣ
ڵһƣҪ˷йȴǸҲ
ͻȻ׿ȳȵȣ
һǲԣȴ׿ת׿˲ԶǰҪɱ׿ˣʱȴ׼͵͵
ʵĸҲƣΪƴʵǡʵ׿һս㲻ӮҲƴͬھ
û뵽û뵽׿ĹȻӱ̬Ѿﵽɱ˵Ŀֲء
ϣ˵׿ͬھˣǱɱĽ࣡
׿˼ҹ룬δϹǣǲҪڻңֱǰʤ㶼ûе飬ɵӲŻ
ĸ̬֮󼪣
׿֪ǵݺҲûǷŭ֮ʣҪһͲĸײˣ
׿ŭʵǺټĪķŭ
ǣһΣײˣ˼㣡
ӲһͣΪ׵߽ӲתԴͷ亹ȴɳ£
£
ո˵ҪɱңҺ£
׿Ц̤ȥ١ТҵŮװ⣬ϳˣ
ͷ亹ֱð˱˴˶һۣȴȫɪתӲ塣Դţȴǲ̧ͷ׿ӡ
ѵԣҲǲɵһԴӱɨسź󣬾Ͳ֪Ӱô⸱ӣ
ǽ⿪ɻ׿ǰսĸҪɱұһϣģֻ֣
ǲһ˻࿴˿ûǰض޳ˣ
ѾѾ޵ģһӵվͨĹһͷɱǣֻëð
ǲǣ
ǣǳٳվ׿һӻʱȫȻûֶ֣Ǿ͸ӹԹԹӺúýǣ
Ƥ̲ס˳飬˱˴˶һۣȴ³
ǲأ
Ҫǹ˵Ļǲ̫û棿򣬹ƷַӱĹˣ
Ҫʲô⸱ӣͶѾûˣ
ǣ֮ͨͨųһţԴ׿ǰ
ǰһƬ죺ǡô⸱ӣ
ôڤȸ˲ħδڣΪħ֮׿Ȼأڣڿǵӣ˲ˣʲôĿϣѵһֱ׷ǿ߼壿㣬ö˶˵ҳϲƫҪ׸ңûϢ
׿ĭӷɽٺֻܵͷǿš
׿ƺ񫣬ƿڴ֪Ϊλ³𣿻ãö˶˵˲ƫҪ˼ҵҵʱڤȵĸ֦˰ɣȴǻ磡ģ׳գɵ
׿һֵֱͷ̧ʲôˡ
ѵøƵģﻹʲôϿɽ
ؿ׿һۣɫӣȴûг
׿ҪɱҪУϤ㡣ֻǣҪˣ̲סҧҧ
׿۾һУЦɱǣΪʲôҪɱǣ
һ㶣Щ֣㲻ɱǣ
Ȼ׿ֻˡһѣһǵˣɱ죬׿Ǿãˣ
ˣ̽
ҡҡͷ׿ֻǹЦ
ѵǡѣпһ£ƺЩϣѵ׿ǰӣǵ˼
𰸣׿ֱҪЦˣƲƲ죬ЦˣǴûֹһȺС󣬲ɱӽѣ
ӹúûϣƤһһʹ࣬ú÷ʡǰΪɣӣǻſǵĺϷأ
ǻһ̵Ļȣ׿Ⱥһٺ˲һ泩ˡ


266 ŭ
裬Īĳ裡
ɫͨ죬һȴֻôίȫعţ䷴֮ﶼ˵
治֪ǸʲôģѵΪȡ
ѳһ󣬿׿һۣȴֹ
׿¶һ˿񣬺죬̧һָԶȳʲôҳôӹ
Ƥ̲ס˳飬°̾һҡͷǴҪȥʱ׿ĺȴǶ𣺡ǹһʲô뵱ˣ
Ƥ̲ס˶ݺݵҧǣƺҧѪ׿ǿƺͱˣ澡ɥȴֲò͵
Ͼ׿Ʊǿ
кӯӯ⣬ٴͷԶȥϣϦ£ĵɥ֮ȮӰӣ˿ˣĪһɱ֮У
׿ڴڵشһ󳩣ոյǹɵŭƺҲȫɢ˳ȥ
ֻǼ׿˺󣬽ֱ͵һĲֵϾʧȴһݡĿ־壬һ֡
ν˲ֶϳ裬ЩУʱǳ֮η壡
ΪǰߴһСȪȻңҲǺߣȴһ˶ҪػϣÿﶼᱻǶ񶾵ﾪѣȴʵ
׿ղŵһáѦ˶ȴҲһѰѼ⵶һ
˻
׿һţҶҪ߿һۣȻʸˣǴ½һ㣬ͨòͨļ壬ȥҲַӾͻᱻ涼ʱв˵Ļ᣿
ʱҲɻڴֻҪȥˡԣҲֻǰˣˣ
ֻ˺ӣ¥ͽչмӡڤȣԸԼļ壬һ̺ݶ
ȻҲǹȻǹй壬˰ɣ
˿ѦͶҼ˴˶һۣοЦҡͷ׿ңվļ壬ȫһġ
׿ܼңαΪǶλСӣֵãӰʧͳ׿ǰЦȰ˵
׿ʼ磬ҡҡͷһ񣺡ûʲôӲŲΪ⼸ءǡֵãֻһ٣ԵӺбƸ񣬾ôˣ
һͳͷ亹ЦԭˣɰʵǷ˼
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˵ףͫʩչԪܲɷֵϵÿͻƣķѴԪ
㣬һ죬׿һ˾ڴû֮˴šǣڵ峿׿ٴ˫ͫʱȴ̾˿ɫЩį
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뵽׿ٴ˫Ŀһʱ˫֮ͫȻû΢紵ĺƽƽضûһ˿鲨
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ȴû⣬ֻһɫ˪
Ҫ̤ħ۷ħʣҪ壬Լľһ˿ˡ


268 սĻ
ԵλһɽΪɽ
ɽλãһͰ˼Ϊ󡣴Ե۹֮ǰļҾڴ˵֧Ԯǰ߰˷ġ
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Ӳɵ׿۾΢УεʧЦ˵ͷðɣһῴģ
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ҵˣͻȻһȺ˷׷ת׿ȥȴԵΪף룬һǰλá
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˵ͷսЦǵȻϾǰЩſǻʹɱ˵ͨϷ˰һֱһԹۿû뵽û뵽ǹϷװ׵һ
ǴЦһսתƺ˼䣬ת뿪ˡĻҲһ
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ƺһ̤ǰȥȻ˾Ŀ£վҲеλãŻ¥
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̲ͫסһ˲´󾪡ʱ˿ǲףԭҲĳһҵĸҪ־߼ƽ
ǣս߼ҵȨܴӦ𡭡


269 ˵Ľ
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Ҷǿ߶һܹȷ԰ȫ˵ﻹвٶ͹Ǿˡ
²Ҫ֮ƴɱ޵Ű㹻Ǻһˣ
ʱ䣬е˶һ񣬿Ҫ޳ˡôѡľս֮գǰȫһεģ
ֻһ׿ɫȻƺʲôѴ
бƳ⼸һۣ̲סض㡣רΪ⼸̥ѡ𣿿ǣ˸һĸ⣬˶ͨˣ治𰡣
ƺϵİɥһ̣ЦΣΣΣȻлεĳصȷһЩΪϷҲͶŰƷ߽鵤񵤡ܷҵͿǵ컯ˣ
ʲô
һ׿ͻǣҲһ
Ϊվ׼վ׼ĸ߽׵ҩؽ磬˵ǼΪϡеĴڣҲδһţ
졢ԪЩ۷ĸֻ֣Ҫһţ˲ͻվûκκ֢
վֳˣܽԪߺü
죡
Ԫһ죬촽ЩɬѾ۷弸ʮˣһõͻƻᡣ
һڷɫ㲻ɫһ
̵ģˣҪСõҩ϶Լȳˣ
𳤷üͷͻȻһ壬룬૳ͷκôֱʣѾȲҪж˰
ֻЩļӵܣһƤֱ飬ޱȣ
⽱ѾҲǸǼ׼İɣⱰ΢棬պ׼ո֣Ϊ˳ˣ壿
ԣڲȫᵽһпʵ
Ϸǣ̺ôȴûһݶڻҽɫΪܹϸ֦ؼʱ߼ҿУڻңҲˡ


270 ɽ
ˣȥɣСǣ
ӡһֱֱָϣȳ
ʱ䣬һĿĳأȻǴƿֱӳƬնһƬ۵İ׹⣬˲ò۾
ЩҪϾսصĸҾӢǣȴһֵƤһͷߣͳ顣䲻ԸҲӲͷƤ˹ȥ
ȥɣȥɣȥɣ
һ󸹷̣ⷽ׶ǵĹ֮ԣǶôôǴ·֮
û취Ϊ˼պǰ̣ƴˣ
ಣ
һǰ׹֮Уգ۲Ӱ˲䱻뿪
׿ؿһۣת׿ƺǣҿʽǸ㴫صʱǿܻɢΣһȴѰԼ˿ʼ
ǣ׿ܼңʮλ껤΢΢һݣͷӦƺҲص˵Դİɣ׿磬常йҰͻѵŻܿҵǵģ
һЦ׿ɵͷȥԪ˧ĥǶԵģҲ̫ˣ
ƺ΢΢һЦǶ־
߰ɣ׿һ֣ҫ۵İ׹СѵˣǽעһУΪ
׿ɱʦ֮һѪծѪģͻȻһҧгݵĴأȻ׿׿ȥȴϸһԹؿǰɫĹâɫԵø׺ݡ
׿һ㶣ѾѾ˸޵ģôСӸˣ
Сӻû֣׳ǰ˵Ӷ˴Ҫ뿪ʱŸҷų
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ϸȴһ󼤶㵱棬һˣϰߣӣмƳһۣ޵֮ˣԺЩ۵ˣ
߼ˣҲǲмس￴ЦҡҡԴ
˼Ҫ뿪ˣ֪κβˣŸҷźݻԵõӣС֮粻˵أ
ż֮߼ӵҲ½ǹڡϸݺҧҧݣиŭͨһӲͷƤ˽ȥ
ʱ䣬ոջϵĵطȻࡣ
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ǹɳصѹ͹ǾصʵҲ΢΢һͣеͻȻࡣ
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䣬ǹ͵һƣŴ׿ȴżͫɫĹâһţ
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ɽõףֻǶɽãҲǿҵ
һɽϵжɾҪˡ˻ʱע߽޵ĳûȴǿΪȫЩɧţȻԵã
ξս֮ɽУԣʵˡ
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һЩ޿ǰѰһһ׿еŵõͷߣҲһһˣ
ݡ
Զ׹췱ǣﲻ׿˴ʱȴһӰҲû°̾ɽ֮Զ
ǹȻǱɢˣҪһʱҵѶ൱

ͻȻһŮӽȴĶС
׿һ㶣˼ɽգѰ֮ܵˣô˱ǲս֮ӣ
ǣ֮УԻ¥ŮΪڶ࣡
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ңңȥһƬԲߵľ޴ɽˮ΢ǺλãȴˮĽӿ
һεŮӴĴź棬龪֣Ķһֻɣ¶ɺ춾ľֻɭۣǹﾪֵ¶ε̰֮ɫ
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ʱ׿ͫɫ⻷һţ˲ߣһ߿֮⡣ȻһײӰ
ͷ͵ľԺݺһҧȴֻǺһڸĺˮݶòͣȻȫסˣأ
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Щ䣬粻ϵشĽ
ŮС۾ȴԼȵӣһλػӻУշС
׿ĿбӣһûпŮһۡǸоŮӶ˶ŵͷûˣ
ͫ͵һ׿üͷ̲ס˶ؿŻǾӴסˡѾģȻû·
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ŮӲһͣݺݵ׿ŭӨӨ޳ˣոǲԽͨ


271 ԦŮ
塭
ïܵɽּ䣬׿վһƬߴĲݴǰĬĬݴ֮ڣȴǲʱԽ춯
׿ͷ̾
ĳ־Ůһû뵽ȴǸŮǱһƬͣ£ǰȥ¡Ů˾鷳·ҲޱȣĴүǶֱһˣ

һӲҡڵ׿֪ŮȻ·ˣȻתȥҪһ֮ȴ̲סһ
־ʱûϸϸȥڿȴŮӾȻѰŮЩıǳߣ沿Ҳ൱۾ô󣬾һķС
ٿ䴩Ŵ磬ûŮӵ޽£ţǾװ֮Ե쳣Ӣˬ˫֮ϻžµҰԣ
ŮˣȻʿ
׿ؿŮɵô˴ôҲ뵽ﲻ˳ҵ֮ˣŮǸ֮ˣ
ƺҲ׿ŮӲԵ쳣ͨ죬Ť½ǣЩǺݺݵһۣŭȵʲôСıĹۣ
Уֲûʲô˵ģ׿мƲƲ죬Ц
ŮӲһͣոͨ죬ͬʱҲίһƻŮδȴǱһİȫ¿˸飬Ժμˣ
һˣŮ͸Ǻ޲ðԴԼؼ䣬㷡
ˣ
׿ȴȻת뿪һ߻һߺ޺޵̸֣ܣȴˣ˷ʱ䡭
ͫһɣŮ͵̧ͷŭض׿վסոʲô˼ܺھҶԲԣ
ظϵ׿ǰסȥ·Ů˫Ŀ𣬺ݺݵض˫ͫ
Щߣһ׿ԣһ
ʣٹǣһΣСӿȫ㼸ĸ֣ǧѵõ
ôĿ㻹ԿһƵģ׶ˣѵʧģǱ
ߣ˱˻ԣ
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Ůһ㶣ؿ׿°ıӰգգ۾
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Ů˫գìܷǳ˵СԽ̣
׿һνӣѰŮ׵Ժˣһֻһ֮Ե·ˣʲôɼǵõģ

Ȼһ޺𷢳֮УһһֻȫҫŽԱգһɭɭ˫ͫһøʵĲ̤ỺĲ˳
׿񣬳ѪȲ֮ɫɢȳ¶棬ͷһԵøӱ
ļޣɽ𼬱ŮӲɴһ澪졣
׿ȴǲţֻüͷ΢壬ǣ
ɽļ˷࣬治֪ƺ᲻鷳
Ů׿һֱվһΪɵˣ´󼱣æǰȥ
ֻޣ׿ģҲȫһЦ
ٺٺ١Сһ۷糹ŴˣܶˡҲãȫѹûˣСӿˣ

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׿һЦɫĹâҪ֣һӰȴǶȻǰסͷӿ
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žһ죬Ůơ
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׿ȻͷѵЦЦ˼ģӾǷκζţ
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̬㡭ˣŮţҡֻҵõ飬ǵ˾һʹҿɲ뿴ȫ
飿
ͫɵһǰЦŪŮӵ׿̱΢΢ͷ
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272 
飬ǵǧĵºڲϳˢ£ܾɵˮֵ֮ɹ
˵ħŮѩеˮϵˮĻ⻯ȫͿԳΪˮ
ңɳһ㣬⻯ҲѲϣڱǽɳΪǷ˵ɳǴصѪ⻯ǴѪеѪɳǸ֮ϣ⻯֮ϣɳǿ֮ǿȣ⻯㸳ǧ򻯵ʵأ
ˮ֮ֻҪмһ㻯飬ͱһɴСǧ򻯣
ɱǧ޴ɵСܻΪһϸ룬͵Ϯ֮䣬ʤ
û֪ǣ⻯黹һã֮һ뵽лһ׿һ󼤶
ǰ򲻸ģĵõǻ飬Ҳ¼еطܳɹʱҲͿԵõͨһĹ
뵽׿ЩС
Ҫ֪ͨʹ޵ˡҪܵõǹʱ֡ȥǿһʵ
ֻҪﵽһ㣬Ҫðķոȵ׿ʱΣ򱶲ֹ
һˣ׿ЩԥܿҡҡԴʧЦڿôȰǶõ˵
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һݣŮһؿнɻ֮ɫôСӺȻˣù졭
һ׿ǻûͻΪŮӱôˡ
һ͹Ǿص߶ѣֻһƷܵñȽϿ죬ֻҪýһ㣬ʲôвɣ
뵽Ů΢΢һЦ˵ͷֻҪõǻ顣ǰԱġһʹˣ
Ůպ˺죬Ǻһ֡
׿΢΢ͷһЦɹǷαߣ
ʱ˿̣׿ԼҲò̾жΪΪԻ󣬲ǿڵİ
СҲ⣡
һЦ׿ŮԶȥ
Ů䲻һܾñ㷣ȴǲԡԴǰš
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ǻʲôΪʲôģδ˼Һˮϴ裬˼ǰһ˼Ҵ㶼ġҪͷԣҲһ㣡׿ɫ䣬Ӧص
ɫٴһ죬ŮĹĵؿ׿˭˵˭˵ԡģΣյĵط˭ԡ˵⻰ôһҲӣ
ڸ𣿷ʱһ˿ҵģ׿ӣÿɷ߳
Ȼںӣ֪Ϊʲôȴܳʵߣشıǿ˳
׿һ㶣棺ףôѪˣ
ŮˣǴ󾽣ͨ죬ݺݵһ׿Դŭﲻٺ˼ˣȻȻ
ȻΣҲһԡ¸㿴׿̧̧Ƥ߳
ŮֱţȴǺѪһ㡣ʵ벻ͨΪνŲô
һ룬Ҳֻкõǻ飬ѹе߷ߣٴα̧һָ㿴棬Ǹ𣿡
˳ָңңǰȥ׿ֻ֮УһɽɽɽԼԼһһ˸ߵĶڣһһûˮУǵͷţˣôˣ
ǣͷԵĶѨŮӵȻ
׿ȴһ˼ôܣͷ԰ǶȴСѵ˵
΢΢һ㶣׿·ʶʲôŮҲǵͷЦЦûٺٺ١㻹ûôɵµˣûͷһʳ˻飬ԲܹıδСôСĶڼ䣬ȥ磡
ǡôܹȷǶлأⶾڱĵطԵģ˵Ѿ˵Ļ׿üͷ΢壬ɫɻ
ৣ
һâһţһֻβȻĵǰһһ˶ˮʱһĺˮ
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ˣ
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ǹһı飬ΪӮһ׿ͰԼѸ⣬ҪɫǲѽֲͬǿԼ˧磬һ̲˰
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һ죬ŮߵÿڳݶҡֻǵԦշˣô
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ɫӴ󾽣Ůӷŭصһ۵ιСӲҪ˵ô׺òãһԦ˺һԽȻԽ󡣱ҵʵܹһֻļ޶ѡͷޣòȫĵ뵽ȻУ²塣ͷԵԪȴҪǿö࣬ʧˣЩɥڣ
׿ȻͷⶾԱϾݣѪһᲢۣҪǰȻ֮ƷȷЩԴˡ
ιСӣողǷɵúܿһȥǶȻ󱾹ȥȡЩ飡һԱĲ֮ͼˣ
Ůӽؿ׿˫ͫ¶һ˵΢ЦֻƯĴ۾һգһգ˹ǵ
ǻ˱ڣһ̲סģǣϧ׿һ˷ָˣ
ð֮ã׿һаĻȣ΢΢ͷ
Ů۾һϲͷֻ۵׿ȴؿ˿м·˵µ˶һƵģ
ߣ֪νСѾͷȻ֪˻ڣǻһʲô
һЦ׿չĶڷȥŮ۷ŹضıӰЦ˻
ƺʱ˿̣ȻõǻƵġ
ֻЩǣһǲǽе̫˳ˣ˴ɫϣԸôװôһðΣա


273 
飡
ɽǰ׿˴ɽڣƵľñ˼ҵķһڡ
ŮԶһ㶡Сӵֻ֪ޣôĵģһ㵨ӶûС
˵񾭴أûûΣ
ŮӲؿһۣʧЦЩ֣

ܿ죬ˮһһ׶೤ˮ߻شխĶγոճö͵زһ£ۿɼٶȣ
ֻգ֮䣬һһʮɸߵˮǰҲεչ˶ǰľ޺

ȳҷӭ洵׿գʹ̲ס̧ϣϸشһԣ΢΢ͷ
ѾĹȻǳ˻ˣȻıδС
ŮԶƴذ֣ܣ´󼱣Ϊ׿İȫģʵ׿Ͳܰⶾˣ˼񲻰׷
СôվŲˣѵֱɵˣģǹؼʱӣ
Ůҧҧк޺漱ɫ
ԣƺҲôΪģ˸н֮ɫ
С·˵أ֪бغ򣬾ãӢƸɵˣ⣬ҲԼŵ
бƳƳĶԣҳ飬ȻԵãҡŵβͣ׿֪һʲôһƲٿһֱۣɽȥ
ûҵȥ׿·ȫûȻֱȥ
Ƕһ㶣ƺûعСӸոʲô˼ӵŵ
һˣǶԼ֣־ŭûĸ࣬Ĵڣռȵ۸ͷˣ
ιιιСӣѾ֪һƬ˭ĵ̶𣬾Ȼ˴Բѣ

һ쳹صŭǶԾ׿һĲģһˮҪٸһ
ŮԶԶţȻŵͷ亹ֱСôܰ
׿ȴֻһӶز˲ϵĿˮݵǶһۣ૳֣
ۣ
ԲһѪû࣬ȫﰡǲмĿ޵֮ζըˡ
ԶһеŮӣǿ챻ſˣа
ֵСӰɣȥҲԶԶòãھˣǺ޼ֵ
СӣԴ㶺ˣ
Ůӱ죬̾ƺȻܹ뵽һⶾڱ֮£Ҫ׿˺Ƭˣ
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̸ܣģûͷ࣬ҪģģûΪģ
ǰϷŪһ±ǲǣߺߣãͳȫ㣡
ߵŷĶǶԣٴŭһ͵׿˺ҧȥɺоȻҺֻҪ׿ĿУ˲䱻ʴͷʣ
ŮһۣŤͷٿ̵һĻ
׿ȴһȻ֮ɫǾ޿ʱͫ͵һɣɫĻ˫֮ͫ˸
ˣ
һʵʵĲƷ˲ɨǶԵ塣
֨һǶǰԴ˲ͣ˶Ӵ壬ҲأȻӲ˲ĺϣ
һ̣亹ֹסǶԵѪȻţԶµ׿ȴҲҧȥˡ
෴ǰһĮ׿Ǳ֮ɫУʱȴȻ־Ӵֹסز涼Ųεţ
㲻Ҫҿԣǽ飡ҡҡͷ׿ȥֱڷȥ
ֻǶһֻ֮ͬһ㣬Ӳںϣŵò֪룬ˣ
ոաǾʲôѹ
㷣һСͨͨ
֮䣬ӽȼ޹ʵ֮¡һͷޣʵ޵ļ޼ˣҲñš
ƣͼ޲ð߼ޣӡڹͷѪ򣬾ԲΥ
Ȼ޵ˣһֻ֮۸˵ķݶ˭۸
Ǹոգ׿һ˲ѹȴȫסˡ
ǹǿֲǼ޵ƣѪһУ׿ǰû˿
̸ܰ⾿ʲôƣ޶û˿֮ģ˿־壬ֻп־塣
ôޣܷưңΪʲôƣһϳ֣ѵ˵ĳֲ޵壿
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ɽ󣬵ҲСǧƽΧǣⶴŵĶȴĿӦӲϾ
ֻһģû뵽ȻôöɽﶼǸ߽ҩģƷҩϰ֮࣬Ʒǧ
˷ḻĴҲضðɡ
˵߼ңҶûôɣ
̵ģȻƸڴȻ֮аЩǶԼռģǣΪʲôأѵŹ
һ¿ɾͱˣٺٺ١
׿˵һ˦ͽǰҩĶָ֮Сţȥȥռ
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ǹ緢ĵЦ쳹ɽת⡣
ǹаЦԵĲһ·Ѿ뵽ʲôǶͳ飬ӯӯޣ
ŮԶЦҲһƷǳԭһУİ
ûѾͷѾһȥ̽·ˣ֪ܲҩжôḻֻûи׿̰Ҫֱ
ڵã˼ҲøˣԼһȫ̵Ķˣ
һ뵽ǹֹסݣѾۿдתãۿҪ̶


274 ͫڶأ
ݣ
׿ɽȥŽָֺЩƷҩķ׷У׿ֹס˷ܺ㡣
ɽûôأôһˣ̵Ǹͷ
׿Цһأֱöһһޣаģ
ҩĶָɨһգ׿ſʼѰڡԪѸɢȥɨÿһ䡣
ͻȻ׿ͫһ̤ŲɽȥһһȻȪԣһǳصף׿̲סһ۷ųھ⡣
ǸȻȪأиʮ׼ʯ֮ϣһȪڣϵȵȪˮǣȪصײȴǳ˺һ㣬ããɫĳ
׿ֻһۣ˳ˮ֮飡
ǡôôࣿ
׿Ҳû뵽Ȼ̲˴ĵ䱦顣⻯ֻҪһСƿѾǷֵˣ
ڽ֮ǰҲֻţܹõһС뻯飬Ȼˡû뵽һС밡һ裡
ÿ棬ûϴˣ
׿˷ܵȫ׿˿ɽ̾ɽǧˣԲܻ֮ؾ
ûǶ͵һ㣬ĻӦøɡ
ҲûϵˣôѾ㹻ˣҲô̫̰ôǰɣ
׿ЦЦʮ޳ܵ˼Ҫñ֪һһѪֱѾ⻹̰¾ṵ̂ˡ
ߣ˱˻ԡ
ͨ
Цһ׿˽ȥһȵǻϣȥֱɫĳﵽ䣬ͣ
׿üͷһͲشнǾϲ֮ɫ

⻯ĴҪöడ
뵽׿˵óһֻֻƿޣ־һڡһھһޣɫҺڡȻܷ⣬ָ
׿һһ޵ţȫ˹ʺ˵Ц⣬ǶֵԺˣ
˴ɽһУǴˡûҵǰƷҩ񵤣Ҳ
׿Цķ

ͻȻ׿ڵĹУȻײ졣׿϶ǾʯͷǴ
ǰɫҺ̣˳ȻһֻɫСƿӣ׿̧׿ȥ֡
ôдƿأѵǶԵİ˸ţռ
ǣǴƿϵּʱȴ̲ס͵ͫһɣĿࣺӵôðɡ£ȻҲϡͿҵ񵤣
ûǴƿϱŵģ֡ңƿϻһ򵥽ƣԷֹѰŵѵõ鵤
ƿ׿ϸ˼ͨԭɡ
ףƿҩɽģֻһƿˮУźˮȪˮȪ֮УǶҵġ
һ׿͸Ҫ̾ԼǺõ
ǰڻģȴõ˰Ʒ鵤񵤣˭뵽
Ȼд˸Ե˷ѣǸæ鵤ָ׿ӿھ顣ˣҲСյĹ򣬲Űлȫڹ⣡
ֻһֱڶĶԣȴǼŶڣسȥѾҶʲôôʱ䶼ô㰡ء
ȫȥᶴͷĽ飬׿һиߵĶ󣬻ܣȻտյʯڣˣɳصͷ
ֻͷԣǸҲĴ󸻺˲䱻׿ٵؼͽıڣһëǮʣˣ
Ҫǽ龰ǿﲻɣ
׿ɲôࡣ
йâһٴóƿ񵤣׿ϸ˿ϸ˼Ƭִָ̣⿪ǵƣһԲĵҩ˽ȥ
ټڼ䣬ǵˣʱڶûʱܹöҩˡŶǶػⵤҩˣʵ
䣡
ҩһڣɽ鱩һ㣬ǿԪͬӿĺһԺƸ꣬ԴҪըһ㡣
׿һû뵽ŵҩҩͣԪҲôʹࡣ
ǣǷϲæ߶ԪͫλӿȥȻվԪӼξսҲ
񵤵ҪĿģҪͻƿͫڶأ
ȻͫһصȻ˾죬ʹڲ֮ءͻƵڶ֮󣬾͸һ㱣ϣҲֲһصȱ
˴ξսУ˱ʤİգ
׿ͫһ㣬ɫĹ⻷ڲ˸ͬʱڶɫ⻷ӰҲʾüĿ
׿ҧҧǿʹһֱţ֮ͫȻѪֱʹ֣ɲΪ
ԭǵСڣͻƵʱܳɹĻʹ࣬ȴˡڣͻƣӲҪȴʵǱǰǻҪʹٱֹ
ȴںֻǽҧأƾѪֱȻ亹ʪϥأš
һȥ׿üͷ̲ס¶ҧǲ԰׵ɫȴʾǿ֮ĩ
ֱʮ֣׿Ȼ㣬ϱҪεʱȴ˵һ֮ͫУڶɫ⻷أȻ֣
һ̣һεĲֱͫǸʰɵΡɽȻֱӱһ۵ɴһһ˴СĿ
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⣬ǿͫڶأƿգ
ܹκλУƿյ
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ǣٴξĴ
һչ󣬲˫ֻͫе⣬ȴǸˡԼԪԶԶɢȥ׿ϲط֣ڵ̽룬ȻѾ쵽֮⣬صͷȥ
˴ɽǴջ񰡣
ݣ
Ϊһɳ⣬׿ûٿͷһۣ㰺Ȼ˸߿գ˲䲻Ӱ
Ƕһλɷˣɸæ仯ΣٴαһˮߴСĶڲ쿴
ⲻãһ֮£û
ռһӵĵرôһɨˣǻҲеһɶûи·ֺȪУϸһ㣬϶ﶼһ㻯Ĵڡ
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ǣ̧ʱȴ̲סһֱһ˹ȥֹסش˫
̵ģ̫ˣҺ۸ǲǣ
ĶȫҲˣݶϿôˣҪôңء


275 ֮
ݣ
ʵտУһը죬׿磬֮ϣһƬ֮ɫ
ǳ˵кñӳ־һѾͷ벻ʹ׬ôһʡ仰Ҳ޵ԺһҪ²а
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޺޵ش˼ڴǹһ֣Ĺĵ
ʲô׿װɵ㶡
ǹüͷһȵ飬ЩҩģΪﲻ֪˶ٺôҲƽˣǰأһ룡
СѾͷҪô˵Ҿ͸ܸˣ׿ҡҡͷһ̾Ͻ֮ɫ˵һ룬Ѿ𣿼Ȼûƾʲôһ룿
ǹﲻһͣ¶ί֮ɫɡȷֵģ
ȷֵģȵõģ
ǡҪҸ㣬ô֪бԣ㻹÷һ룡ǹﲻɴ󼱣æ
Цҡҡͷ׿ҲˣһһءΪر֮أҲˣǣ
˵ţ׿ЦһҪ뿪ǹȴһ֣ͦŸʵظнŭɫһ￴һķϣƽϣԸƽЩĵرڣҲ̫֪ôˣ
䣬ǹȫ£صǿ͵ͷų˫Ŀݺݵض׿ȻҪˡ
׿ȴĵشǷ˿⣺ʵĸߵͣʱΪûϵһɾû˿ʤ㰡
ߣſСӣơܰ޽ҲޡҲѧԦ֮ģ֪ŵֻãûжӰ졣ңΣаɣ
ǹһ͵׿һȭšȭѹ׿Ƥֱصʵεȫͷų
׿ɫȻȭͷٽʱȴವһ£ʧӰǹﲻһ㶣һƬã֮ɫ
ǻӦ֪ʱ׿һֻצ˲סȭֻ󣬽͵һת㷴۵ı
ѽ
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׿ҡͷʧЦһѣ˳ȥ
ǹػɣæǰȥ׿ʮԶ룬ת־ɵؿã֮ɫ
Сôģֻж͹Ǿصʵٶô죬˴󣬾ȻɵؾͰظָסˣӥץСһҲ̫ϳ˰ɣ
죬ʵǹ죡
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СӣľǸ
뵽ǹﲻҧҧһӣâŭֻļ޺Ȼ׿ǰ
üͷһ׿ؿŮһۣ΢΢ͷѾͷҲЩֶΣȻͷļ裬ʵǲˣ
ٺٺ٣˰ɣ
Ů°ͣһʵ㣬ʮֻֻҳϣһɵġҪǵ½ϣﱣ׼ûҵ֮У
Ƥ΢΢˶׿Щؿ
һǶרעԼʵԦ֮ȴעԺܶ˶û裬Ǹ֣Ҳһͷѡ
СѾͷʵûжǿȴʮͷϣȻרշġߣ׿ǵһض࿴ۡ
ȴΪ׿ˣɸӵذԴЦ֪£ѾˡϸϴЩĵرȫȹһķϣҿĹ㣬ˡǰҵĲ֮
ô֪ҺˣѵˣͷǰԵĸֻСèһƾֻļޣǺǺǡ׿мЦһ
Ůȴһŭȵ㡭ٴţ˭֪ͷʲôҲǸҵԦ֮࣬Ԫɡͷļޣȴ֮ҸԪͨ˵һСҪշǣȴûпܵģ
ŶǾԣ׿мƲƲ죬¶аЦݡ
ŮƺҲܵ׿Ĳм֮ɫɫŭִȵϡСӣǵ

ֻ޵ʮҳõ˵󣬱˵׿ͳ˹ȥ׿ɫȻ
ֻȻϾҪ˵ϣ˺Ƭʱȴ˵һͫɫĹâһţ
ʱ䣬ֻ޸ޣһҲ˲佩סˡԴϵ亹ֹסð
ѽλүʲôͷΪλ˿ֲƣ
ӲԴ˴˶һۣͷ޶˵æβͣҲƵתˣ˲䲻Ӱ
ŮӼˣҲĿشסˣ˺һŷӦͷ޷ߵķ򣬼󺰣ǻ
Ļ
ʲô˵һУͷԷɰ
ԹԣӵԴ㶺ôΪǶԸôµһڣȥİ
ǹãԼͷع飬ŭ
Ȼ䣬ȴһȫɵطɪضӣǿ־֮ɫ
׿ǰЦԼͨҲȫǺ¡ͷ޵Ŀ־壬ӵҲøŷֵһ밡
㡭㾿ǺηʥǹɪתӲͷ­ؿ׿־ֲ
ڷ·֪Ϊֻǰ˳ӡЩ裬Ҳ޷˻Ӷһצˣ
ΪˣԪԦǣĵײԭʼĿ־壬ǰû˿֮
⡭ôܣ
һȺ׼ޣôܶһոռӣη֮ġ췽ҹ̷½ûгֹ
ˣôɵˡʲô˰
ƺеɻ׿Цȴ˵ֻǵһµˣ
䣬׿ٴδЦһչȥԶԶزӰֻǹɪӰԶȥķֻоֺɻ
׿صӣȻֻй֮Եµӡȴǿ̹ĵġ֮ĺ׳
ɱ˵һ֮Աǡǲ֪ΪΣ׿仰ȴһƺ֮ԣһʵһ㡣
ô˿µˣ
ǹоɲвһ
ݣ
һƿ죬۵ӳǰ
ôˣһ˾гһҲæС㣬û°ɣ
Ů̧ͷ˶һۣо֮ɫȴǻδȥֻǲ૳硭ǿԹ֮أǻǸϽ߰ɡ
䣬Ůӱǰһڣ˹ȥһӣͣȴ¸ɡ
ոյ˼ʲô


276 
˧СֻǾŹȣµģصģ
ҹʱ֣ϡһ谵ɽڣһžȼյ΢ӳ£һٶں֮µӰȫһµصԴ
һλߣһڻԱߣĿѵŮӣһλݿʵ΢΢ס
üͷһ壬ɫ¶֮ɫŹȣôܣӵֲǲ֪СΪ飬Ӵúܣʲôܵ˾ţ
߸˸룬üͷȴҡҡͷ̾˿˶죬ˡ಻֪
شһۣ곤ͷ˻֣ȥˣȴҲûж֡
ʱƺԵĻĳߣŮƤ΢΢˶۾૳춯硭硭
ˣһϲæߣץסЩˣҲһеؿȥȴǲǰš
㾿ôˣı£ɽּ£籾ҲĵġôͻȻεɽּ䣿ʵ̫ΣˣһĵؿŮӣŨŨĹذ֮ɫ
΢΢ͷƺǸжܿ㼱磬ǲҪٴˡǵУóȻһܵúܲҵģʱǼҾȫˣ
һ㶣һؿƺȫ˵ʲôûа취ֻӣ׿һһʮؽ˳
ԣһʧɫģŵʲôȻӵ֮
һЩˣҲȫɫ䣬ɫ˲
Ϣ˵ֱǻԵѣ
Ȼ£ȻԻС
˿껺վüͷһ˽ע£Ų૳ԭȮԦ֮ǵ޴ң˿ɵСսս죬ҲӲֻƾս£ǡܹ޵Ļη嵽ӵĻǵ޴̼߽⣿
ԣҲǳصص˵ͷֳǰδеΪǶϾȮǿսģΣյϢ
˧׼ĩǰȥΣȥͻȻһλ͵̤ǰһȭ
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΢΢˵ͷһᶨ֮ɫˣǲŸҪȥǲܾʹ˹ôպսϣǹҲûκʤˣ
ԣ˶صص˵Դ
̾ϢĵǸ磬ǸĿɿһٹ
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ͻȻ׿ıӶ˶üͷ΢壬תֱɹȥ
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ʱ˿̣׿ɽ֮һխĹȿȻˣҸоЩ˵ϢҲ൱ϤƺѦһڶ
ڹȿ˸࣬ȻǵŵļҵĸۺϣƺǱ˹СȻ׿Щ˲ϤΪ֮˵ϢȴϤˣǲɻһаĻȣ׿ЦѾѾ޵ģһзϣȻԣ
ûЩ壬ΧƺǵģһеĴ硣Ȼ׿жһȣʵڡ
һͬȼĸްˣԸһǿߣȴǴ´ġ
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Ȼǰ׿Ķ֮𣬹ϣˣǿ˿ûйϵ
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˵㣡
ҪάңͬǲšҲܰһȥô޵ĿںţǹȻ
繥ǻкùӳ
һˣȫᡣѾͷǰ˵·ȫ˰
ѦպѦֶˣҲǿѦӰҡͷȻ˶֪׿ĸ飬ҲûҪ˼ŭɣ˭á
ƺȴؿѦһۣж㣬лл㡭
ˣ̸ʲôлģ׿粻ڣɽչ㣡Ѧ㽾ظһٹ⡣ƺܹΪ׿һЩ£ԼҲ൱ˡ
ѦպѦּˣȴǿЦá
СѾͷƬӣԼҪչˣʸչ˱ˣʵĻƺʮ껤ǿʸ񱣻˼Ұ
ƺҲǸЦһӣˡҴ׿籣ɣ
ԣƺԴ΢΢ͷܿЦҡҡͷҵ£˰ɣܿ׿һҵģ
ƺһ㶣֮ɫ
ȴЦе䣬㿴ÿΣգһ⣬׿Ȼ֣
ƺһ󺹣̾㾿ж氡
׿ÿγ֣ø˶ѣҪһֱΪؼʱͻ㣬ʱʱ̿ԼڿЦ
һ㣬Ѧλֳͬȴûа취˵˶ٴΣѦС
ŮеĻ룬ôִţ
ͬʱȻǱѦǼзϣȫɱ⣬ֳ
ֹӣǡһˣ͵͵һۣ૳
ݺݵҧҧ˫Ŀ죬ȳʶôĶɱɱǣ
ŭĺУԶԶش˹ȥƺ󾪣ɫ˲ֻѦ㣬ɽעе䣬ȴʱ򡭡


277 ͻΧ
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ӭųĳ׿ɴ˸磬ей紵
̸ܣ˭ڱ˵һ׿ӣɷ


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Ҫ֪֮¶ǸҸֲ߲ݵϡ
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ݺһҧ׿Ϊһ磬ǵפķȥ


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ʱ䣬˶ŤͷȥŽŵĹâ׿Уܲûرȥ񵤣Ԥʾǻûսȥ
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ңЩ壬ҵκҲǵչǼŵҵĿսҲǼΪģ
ͷһ˿亹ѳ̾ݷɡлХ˶һۺϽһƬɫ
˿׿ɨڳһۣ¶һĵЦݣ˦˦ֶöָаЦһ£öָ
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һˣ׿ֹס̾ϢǰǾͻȥȽϺð


289 ڶö鵤

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ΪֶʤʱıǰѰҲûʲô̫塣źԿףΪؼڡ
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׿ÿɷҡͷЦЦѦȴһߣҲŲʲôأҪģֻ׿ҪĶ
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˵ţ׿һϲؿǾʯ˭ˣ˽Ӱ
һˣ׿һЩεŤԴ
ؿѸѦǰһȥߣȥԿף
ǣ׿˵ҪЩ
СһķǣģȳһŮ
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ǺǺǡң˭ȥ׿һЦֻȴһ̾
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һˣ׿̲סʧЦĴħͷʲôָ֪оȷͦģ
׿ЦѪɱ̲ķǰУֻһƣ׿֮⡣
Ǻյ·̣׿гֱ̣һʮղŵѪɱ̲ԡ·ϵջҲķᣬʮԿУҵİѣҽŵԿȻ룬ֻҵſǡ
ֻΪ⼸յĵ飬ǵʱȴȻ˽ȵˡ


290 ʱԪ˧
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ƺæǡѦл΢΢ͷлǵ֧֣һŵؿл
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ıɲǰ׵ģ
ƺаġ


291 ɱ
׿һһȥɫȻǼһ겻Ѱ㣬ǹһ˿ĪЦݣֹӣȻ˵ǵڶ鵤սܵøʾ鵤λĶɣ
ǺǺǡ˱ӱ˵ʾƿ񵤰ǰҲν׿ܼҵĹ֣ӿᣬбµĻԼҰɣüͷһЦ
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ҪΣܹȥԴšǺǺǡͨҲУаĻȣ׿һƬս⡣
΢΢˵ͷ쵭ЦһսȻɱ⣡֮ǰȿܷȵǵɣ
䣬ͻȻһ̵ĹâŶȻԴһƣХգ

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̲ͫסһ׿´󾪣˫Ŀ֮ɫ
һǴһЩ似֮Уħɷһ㣬ഫΪЩ似Դ壡
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һͳз֪ĸѪϴ󷢳ѪתӣҲƵԭ·ˡ
ǹҡҰڵƣԾǾʲôµľţȫŻȥһٶȣǱǰʱҪ֡
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׼׿ηѾţ֮ҲѪǱģأ˭֪׵ؾͰ޴ѪŻȥˣ
ǣԼ֪ôģ
һʱ䣬վԭأ磬ƾЩ޴ߺХҲŲʣȴԴѶ·ˡ


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294 
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ƺⲻܣҡҡͷһЦҲ̾ϢֻɽˣаЦſһС
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üͷһ׿бƳƳвһ¡
ǺǺǡڻǵˣôҾ㳹׷İɣһȺˣòôй˰ɣǻһ̵Ļȣһ˦ȳʨȥһаɣ

ǿƣ᳹ȫһľ޺Уһֻ˫ľ޴ʨӣ߷֮ͫУѪɱ⣡
ޣʨ
ͫ͵Ȼһ뵹һ˭Ҳû뵽е裬Ȼͷޡ
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ʱ䣬һҫһɫ׹ֱʨķ׷ȥȸУȻǿҵɱ⣡
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ңңһۣϰȻͷӣޣȸôɫģ
ʲôޣСҲޣһȳһҪ£һˣ
ϰؿ˿ԶȴǲмҡҡԴİɣ·ġȸֻǸ壬ոճɳļ޶ѣĳʨûȣңǳȸҲǳʨĶ֣
ԣȻͷĵشЦ׿ڸʲôԼ̫רιӵʨ𣿡
һ˱˴˶һۣҲǴЦ
һ棬ǵ˿׿Ҳų裬Ҫ·ػǳʨ׿ֶκ͹թжôһ֮
һǲֻδȸʵδͣļ޶ѣֶ¶һƬ֮ɫ
׿ʱҲе;ĩ·Ͷҽĸоˣ

һҡͷ̾ϢϣҲȫʧˡ
ͬģҲָȸЦ׿ǭ¿ôôһֻޣҲҷų
û취ԼԸҲܲˣ
νʼ磬׿νӣ۵ȴһ˿ĵǡȸʵֻ֪ǰ˵ļʸûС
ȸȥǾһˣ
׼ز׽׿۵׵˿ģӷСˣʲôˣûа취֮еİ취ϵЦҲŨ
ͬʱȸƾ׵缲٣Ǻܿǳʨ
ʱ˿̣սϿգ˵Ŀ⣬Ҳһգգضֻսޣһ


296 ׷

ʨŭһ˵ĶĤۣʾһԼ硣ڽսֻ弶ޣҲͣ
ؿͷʨɽ˵ͷޣ֪ǿԮһģǽǾηص˵ԴάĵһֻޣҲһǿУȴȫɪӷˣ
龰ʨ̧̧ԴسЦȴûע⵽˵ȫûոոȸ
ֻޣƺҲ˲ȸˣ
һֻֻɳļʵޣʲôã
һֻҡͷɫС粻أֻˡɽǷͷޣȴ¶˱ĵ֮ɫ
龰ǳ׾̾˿ǰ˶ɫȸаּϣĻǳˣ
޵ĸо׼ģȻǶ˲СһǾ˵Сһûʲôˡ

Ȼȸȴû˵ӣֻųʨıӰг·սһ㣬ֻ޾ķߺ޺ս⣡
üͷ̲סض˶ʨתԴݺݵضȸҪ˰㣬ͳŭһ
·˵СսȨ
ȸûٷֻȫëէзžâ˼൱ԡڣǹɳɱ⣬ҪʨԴɣ
һ£ʨǳױŭˣȸͣصͺţչʾԼơ
ѾѾ޵ģ۵С˵ѾǸδȸΣȻڱǰԲѣʵǸ

һŭ𷢳ʨ˦˦ԴԵ쳣ֱ͡ŵͷ弶Ȼҷһ˿졣ȸȴɽʨͭС˫ͫߴߴؼг·ϵƣ
ڣʨɢɱ⣬ſ͵һ£һֱ׵Ļ㶸Ȼȸȥǻ
ҪʵˣҲҪҷ𣬸οһֻδˣ
̲ͫסһ˶ֻսȸ㷣ĲѡѦţж˺ˮл磬׿ֻСÿȥȾɣ

ͷ˲һ亹лһѦЦãֻСȥѵˣɽǼȸսʨ龰ȸѾĶ֣ȸ򲻹ʵȥļȸ
ǡСĺÿǲһѦһƬǡ
лҡͷ̾Ҫ־͹׿СӰɣ֪вﻹСų
һ˻࿴˿΢΢ͷͬһƬã֮ɫ֪׿ôġ
ͬʱ׿ԶԶһУ˫ȭǽĬĬȸ׵ٶԶڳʨ֮ϡĻһҪ㿪
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䣬ңңʨ˸
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²ŭ׿˫ȭ˽
ǰҲû裬Щͨʱ˿̣ȴǺҲ˵ѹûкڡ
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ȸԷģ൱ĺӣѭĵ
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׿ô˴ǱЩ죬ȻȻⲻǸϿĽһѵ˵
ǣһУȸȴȻˣ

һ쳤ȸųʨгһΣȴֻˣȫҲӿ
ɫâһߣڲϴ֮ܳռ䶼ŤһɿֲѹȻɢĩյҪһ㡣
˵Щ弶ޣѱŵûŲֻһɿֲϢӭĸо࣬ҲѾܵȸĿ¡
⻹ֻļôƱҪֲöࣿ
ֻʨʱҲͫ͵һ˶ɫأȻ
û뵽ֻȫȸȻ˿µϢ
ƵˣȻˣΪȸϵϢϤ
СܡСȸϵ׵ǡصŴ۾૳
΢΢˵ͷһûǾסǡƣȾҪǿöడ
ǾĪ
ôҲ뵽ŵĳͨ׽ۣȻܿǿ棬Ǵһֻϡ
쿴һУȴȫˣ׿׿⡭ȸ
ǣңѵģթĻȣ׿֪ܵذйԼϣȻһָͷʨȳȸɵͷ

̶ֻ۲һɱ⣬ȸץץצ֮һſֲףһʨȥ
Ҳһʱ˵Ŀⶼۼȸϡ
һ̣֮䣬ֻҫ۵ɫâ


297 ŤתǬ

һУ˶ߡֻһεĽȴЩ磬һЩ֮Щǿиɵζ
ʨ˶ӣԾգۼâ¶˿˿֮ɫƺҲе׵вæ棬Х
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ǹƣֱʯ䣬һ㡣ֻ弶޼ˣȴŵȫɸĲѡ
⣬޵ʵ
Ȼȸȴ˿壬ȫ׹ը죬ڵķ϶֮䣬ʨǰ׷Χʱǰȫ𺣣ͫһӶȻתէ죬ΪһϹͷֱֱȥ˿죡
䣡
һööʱɢͫһûüȳʨǾֵĴУ˲ӳճȸ˫
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û뵽ޣȻᱻһֻδȸֻļʵСһһɱ
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Ҫ֪޵Ǵʲô
ʥ޽Ŀܣ
ȻǰУûгֹǲò˵ȸǸ⣬Ϊģ
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Ǹ뵽һֻļޣͻȻ͸һսޣܱ֮һɱ
⡭Ҳ̫̬˰ɣȫϳ˹飬˵ˣ޽Ҳ޷ܣ
ǻ죬ۿԼǿ裬ô׵ˣȴȻȫסˡⶫʲô
еˣؿſǵСӰþûزֱ

ȸһ󻶿˻һ³򣬷·ףԼʤŻعֻǿ񣬻һĪľУ
Сȫ޽е׿ǹһĴڣ
ʲôˣʲô谡
һҡͷ̾ſǵɫӰֶʣ
׿ֻ鲻תתͻȻ˫ͫһȸǿ·ǳȥ
һ˽Ծ
ֻɽһ֣С޶ɱȻʵ֮ϡҪ·ôܵ
һϲ¶׿塣
׿ؼʱܴ漣

һȸ·Ȼӵ׿һ³򣬶Ȼ¸壬Էͷ弶޳ȥȫţ
䣡
ɫâ£±һֱͷ弶ҵñͷܣ¶޳ˣ
⾿ǴĶðСôôǿ̬޶ָ
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һƬǣɽûа취æһӽָͽͷ˻ȥȴҲҷųˡȸڿз֮ʱ򲻸ǵ¶ͷġ
ȸʧȥĿת˷˷ȥȶų򣬵ɫ׵Хر㽫һкɱޡ
ʱ䣬޺ڶɽǸæܣɢﻹйΧ˳ǡ
Ǻƺ˵ǰʱÿһׯǴҡڵ뿪Ҳǰˡ
ΪЩԼ˲أĻ˼ǣ
ת׿˿ԽսԽµȸݣ֮Īӣֱѣ˲̾
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֪׿ҲǸ֪ȸ͡Ҫ֪Ļóװ
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˱ȸĻ£һѷسƬѪɱ̲ɽǸ׷ǣ뱻׺ɱ
ͫ͵һݺҧҧһ̤ߵķ׷ȥ֮ɫһֻ͸һӴ£Σ
ǺǺǡټأ
ݣ
һƿ죬׿ȻǰһȷɻšһЦһ˿мߣΪܵסӣʵ㣬ǰ֮ԱһΪжǿȫǱûѣѵΪӵʵֻ𣿡
䣬Ȼһȭ֮ͣһʮɵĸɽɹһ㣬ȻһԵֵ֮

Ȼȭཻһɲǣ׿ϾȻȻһɫâһ̣һը죬쾹Ƕپһɸǿ˻
ͬʱĶ׿ϷŰЦǺǺǡ˭أ
䣡
챻˻ȥǻվȽŸ׿ӰȴϷ֣һȭ¡ȭͷ֮ϣɫâը죡
ֹӣҶһˡͷؼƶ¶˿
۾΢΢һУ׿ǻһаĻȣŻԴֱȥ
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䣡
һ𣬵ɫڴϴ֮ܶ㽫ƬȥԲǧͨͨݣ˿ڻǰһȭ֮¡


298 һо
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ɽһգգؿǹɳ֮У´󺧣û뵽׿һȭ֮ȻҲǿ첻ಮ٣
һʱ䣬㷣ȴ˭Ҳǰͳħɱ򲻸ǣеġ
ɢȥ֮ʱֻ֮ΪһƬ棬ȫӰǲеǰ̽һ
ǻǽǷ֮У¡һ췢ȴŵָæȥһŷǻӵص˳һ
ȻȥȽǱȴ˿ƿԣ
̲ͫסһо죬ǺȻһȭ֮£Ȼܲһ˿ˣһЩ۶ûУʵʵ̾Ϊֹ
ӣû°ɣɽ˸æߣ֪ʵعе
һһâȴǲûһۣɨһȦ׿Сأ

˴˶һۣһãɽһȭӣԴ׿һȭﳾɢȥֻ֣֮ȴӰӣѾ˰ɣ
Ƥ΢΢˶Ȼɢʶ򣬲̽һԲһ֮ڶû׿Ӱȷ뿪΢΢˵ͷǡأ
ղһ죬߲ѵصԴˡǸˣ
ͫУɢĹâȴû˵
˼ˣ¸ӽţʱһͷ亹
ʱ˿̣޲ûܹһٲźãҲˡⲻģҲ㲻˼ȴǿ־ģ
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һ㶣һһؿ죬·ǽһʶλһ㣬вһơ
ף԰⻹ǸĴ𣿴Ļ壬˶һ񵤺һֻ裬ȴʲôҲûõ˾޴ʧܣҪǷǰλүʹˡ
ǽô
ѵ˵λүת
һ󲻽⣬ȫзֹĪؿŻǵȻݣǿһһ
ƺǿǵ˼һЦǱˣ˴ΰټǵĿʲô
ǻ˵Ȼ߼֮׵ĵλˣ粻˼ѿڶ
мƲƲ죬ҡҡͷȻҵǧһֱ߼֮׵λӣɲǿϷİټģƾʵǸҪͨⳡĵϷ֤ʲôǰҪڲҪԺӲҪ
ĻһηĿ⣡
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мƲƲ죬ЦһȺ֮ΪΪǣֻΪֻһʵǿ߶ѣƾ߼ҵĵ̣ʰǣ˵ֻҪڣʮڱ߼ƽʮͿɳԽ߼ңʮǿ壬߼಻࿹ôǻãȲϰټĵϷ𣿡
⡭ôܣ
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ƽһл̻жսɽ׿ҷԴûа취ΨһضֽĻᣬֻټˣ
Ƴˣһɱ⣺ԣ˴ΰټУǵĿҲֻһ׿ԴһУɲᣡ
ԣһƬأ⻹ǻһ͸¶˴εţڰټеĿġ
ǣĿȴʵ̫ˣ񵤺ɽޣҪѵöࡣ
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ƾǻ죬һǿҲǿѹסǹҪȴҲ򲻿ܣ
Ļ趯ˣøϻ
ӣɱ׿֮£ǸǺãõʱǰЩ׿Ѳʱ򣡿ǼˣȻԺ˷Ļᣬɾ͸ˣɽüͷ΢壬һҡͷ̾Ϣ
¶һ˿Цüһۣмոõʱ𣿺ǺǺǡһնˣСѾŶҩǾ͵ͺˣ
һ㶣˲ԣ¸ɻ
ûٿһֻۣת׿뿪ķ򣬴ЦΪˣʵȴǱˣƵ׿ټƹթҲӲȥǶİѣһо֮С
üͷ̲סһ˱˴˶һۣԽɣ֪«﾿ʲôҩ
ȻԳֲľ֣Ӧòˡһų޵Уֻûʧֹأ
һֱڰǵӰôԣҲһ°޳жţֻû뵽ͻȻֶԸһС츳ʵˣټ޳ڱıߣ׿׿֪ҪԸһһֵġ
ʹ˰ܱͰƺʧʣҲӮ˵Ļļֵɾ͸˰ٺٺ١


299 ŷֲͼ
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˭лһȣʣ˿ȥȴͫһ˫Ŀ֮һ˿ϲɫͷڻˣ
ǰ㻹Žʲôˣη۶׿Ц
ʧЦҡҡͷлսʵ׿˵ûгһҪ׿ָУҲǵΣ֮ʱ
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׿ˣʱǿֱϵļٺۣüͷһ壬гȻɫȻ۵ȴŨŨĵʹ
׿νذ˰֣ƺйǣæûʲôȻѶԸףأӵأ
ɫһ֪رܣҲͲٶԣֻЩպޣ治֪Сôġ
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䲻һͷ亹ֱðȫΥĵص˵ͷӲЦݡȸŻٴһѦӶЦ
׿ҡͷЦſû뵽һһ޲ദһ̶ѣϵѾǢˣȸǰ
һˣ׿ĵһ졣ȸĵֳʲôˡ
ι׿Ѿô޵ģȻܰȸɺһĹҪ͸ҵˣͻȻл׿̰Ц
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Тǹؼôôֳˣ˷²׿бۿŹڵصĶˣЦ
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׿˵ĴȻ׳˼棬Σƿҩ׿
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¶һаЦݣЦ׿ˣսթٵģ˫ۣ
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Цһг񣺡ΪԶɣǸһУŶҪģ²ҲģǶԼƻ֪ܹ֮ҵšԿ׺͵ҩȫΪڰǣ˵Ļȫģֻ벻ƭԼˣǶȥƭ׿پҲܴ˵滰֮˵ĿУ
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ĴЦ쳹˶ߣһ鼤
Գħ׿Ľɱƻʽʼˡ


301 ڼ
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һһͷ亹˲


302 ޼
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һ΢粻ֻǿ׿ǵȻЦݣȴǿ˿ߣв㷡
СӾթԼ֪һУʵ˷˼
ƺ룬׿ЦһȻʦҵƢûۼҲ˵ҪɱһˣҪôɣֱӶֱǡǻ֮Ӳ붯֣ʮ⣬Ҳᶯһë
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ʱҾͿ˶ߣΪ˰£ҵɣҲˡ϶ӽҵĶԶ˰ɣ
ؿ׿Ȼݣһ˰ΣҡͷЦϸÿʧԭһʼѱ¶ֻ׿ʦΪλҪҴߣҳ
ȻΪ˽Ķˣ׿üͷһЦʵÿһѶҶȡžǱǵλãҪԱһҪʲôҲ˸ţҪߵ˰ɣ
Ƥ̲סһ飬һԸߵ޵ݡ
ϸòʧܣֱǳ裡ûʲôõмֵ鱨Էãй¶ӵͼ
һˣһķ̣Ц׿ʦ˼ѶϣѹλƵ޳Գˣ
䣬һͷҲصطˣֻ׿һ㶣ɴδ뵽һвǻı޳ƣ
ĻҲþжˣ
ţ׿һԾ𣬽һ󣬲֣βȥ
һ֮һӭ׿һֽסȴһöѶʶ̽쿴ֻд˸֣Сع飬꣡
ȻˣЩŷֲͼ壡ǻһĻߣ׿ͬóѶɳǱţ
ٿһе׿һɵƯ
ּǰȥһ
ʵŲТ˻ȥʲôģ˵㣬ô⣬ҪƾǶ˵ķأһ»ķӦ
ǻôų·ߣͻȫࡣ첢ֶˣǾһ㣬һж壬ı·ߡ
⴫Ѷ֮ˣ׿ڻߵϸ
ս׿ҲǸˣ˿޳Щı֮¡˵˫ϱƴʵҲڽ޼Ľ


303 ˭м
ݣ
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ƿ죬Ӱ£쿴ǰ֮ˣüͷһȳһ棬ôڴˣ׿ѵ˵
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ҡͷ̾һһзλ˼ѹûһʼҪ뷨ʵ˳䡣
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һ£һ׿ഫԣ֪ӣļıʶƣٷ˼ˣ
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±Ǩŭ㣬İɣɴЦһĻ󳩣·һȻأҲãҲԸԻֻЦΪһУ벻֪Ȼ֮У
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ֹϢŭҲţó˵ƿ񵤣ǰŪһһ·඼ûġ˵ı´Ƕ֪ȻһСһһ촽͵
۾΢Укɣȴǲɴ󼱣ͫһѵ˵ֱǹͨ͵ȥˣ
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ųһЦСӾڻǣ񵤲ö˶˵֮𣿡
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һ㶣ӦݵһеƿǵʱʧӰ
׿׿ͫ͵һһ촽гƺͷˡ
ʱ˿̣ԶУŴ׿ĴЦлֹٴδҩ¾ȴ֮ˣ
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ͫһʱȻ򣬿ǰһŭѾͽһͬ׿ҵҩӲ㣿
ֹϢŭҡֻǴģʲô֪
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ڶץ׿ԩˣƺӶϴģ
ǻȥ̽ӣȴҪڻ治ˣû˿ģ
ᵽ׿ĺ׿ķŹҪ汳ͽ֮ʵ
綯֣֣ס֣ⲻ£ҲǱõģ
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ǻȴûһֻۣǽƬּ䣬Ȼˣһ𣡡
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˶ʱɫһݣȫ裬ƺ׿൱η塣Ͼĳħ
ˡòƶƵ˰׿ָָˣЦ
˴ŭȴû˸Ҳ⡣һЦ˿ŭһص׿о仰ʡĪװƣװ
װһδףȴǲ֪ʲôζ볢׿Цһа
ҡҡԴǻһЦݣ룬ܿͻ᳢ģ
ͫ׿Ż˫ĿȴǲһĲ
׿ƭͷƿҩӦǰҵ񵤣ȴһֱţûóİɡͷƿ񵤣ŻΪĴ͵˵ƿĵȻǶϲǰѵģǻһ˿Ļȣ·ѿһС
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̲ס׿еһγ˾֮ɫƺ뵽ʲô㣬亹죡
һУ۾һУĿУŰǿֵĿУЦһ˵߾磬Ӧõ˵Լô򵥣ȫƵ˵жģʽǰԼͼ¡ʵ׿Դƺǻ֮ߵһе·£Ǳǰźõģ
ս˵ЩͨӵȷͷۣҲû취ŻʤҲڱӼƻ֮СĿľΪеĵλȡ˵һ쵼ȨܼձΪ̵·ȥְѵ㲻ãڰټһ·ߵ̫˳𣿡
˵ʵѾˣһ˵ˣˮ֮еĵزߺߡεİܣǰԴϡѪɱ̲һս㵫˼һ뵽ʱӲȫսĿԴΪܰһ򾡣Ϸˣ𣿺ǺǺǡˮѡ
ͫȻһ׿ӲŶ˵Ȼռʣӳȥ
ˣˡ
׿źֳʷǰľ֮ɫֻлһˣſеǵâһţ治¶Цݡ
׿һͿˡ


304 
ңң׿ʧķһ㯣૳ףСӻǵһ˴ʧɫģʲô
ǺǺǡûʲôֻԼֿˣЦҡҡͷһصĻȣתһԵһ棬ļͷͷɵĺܲһжԤһ㣡
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ȻһֱЦţڿеȴԽԽǵĪЦ⣬ҲԽԽһ󾪿֣ͬʱн֮ɫ
ʲôΪոջֹ֣ȴҪɱ⾿Ϊʲô
˫ͫԽԽǰͻһǵؽкţȴǷһ˿ɻҲǲԣӣǡ
ǺǺǡոҲ㶯֣Ϊ׿ڳЦڣͷѾûˣűսϼһץѱ鷳ʹɱˣһ˰ˣͫһâϹаЦһһʱһͣ֫ش
˦ֽǲϵʬӵһԣȻ֣ɫȻ˿һ㷡
컹湻ݵģϾͳ˿顣֪ԼպǷҲ³
ƺ룬ļֱĵսսȫȴЦģǸзϣպǿ֮кܴüֵֻҪһֱңǾ㶯ֵģ
̲סݳһ£Цȴֲһ¶ͷ亹ٿһһʬ壬һꡣ
飬Ժ˭˵׼أ
Ǻܿ죬ǰһʵӣȻ԰һϼһ׿ߣΪβܽҳϴǶԸ׿Ǹа𣿡
㵱սפǳص𣿡һȵ֮ܰȫǽһ봢ָԵʡҲΪСӡ߼ҵĳϣһǣȫ⵽˶սİмӡԱˣܲĹעǵļƻ
ԣæصͷѵ̣ͬʱƨ֣޻˼ܣȫ
첻ÿɷһֵ̣ǰţ
ո׿Ȼ֪ǵļƻȥŻ𣿡һ㶣ƺԭɡ
һЦзһյĺ⣺ȥţǵͶе嶼Ȼ׵һУҲֹˣǣ⻹һɵġǹкУҪģ
˵Ķߣ˻аĴЦȻԣȥˡ
һ棬ǰŷлһˣոգȻһɹлһӣȴ׿ĴѶϲ쿴ֻֻ֣Կˣ
üͷһл΢΢㶣ԡ
ǳպٿôôôҪ쿴
Ȼ׿ѶҲûʲô˵ģó׿ǰָǵȥȴֻм򵥵İ˸֣תˮн

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Ƕ˵лæһ̧֣ȵͣĵ·ߣ
˲һͣǲɵ㶣лǴӶβѦϵףɻ磬ôˣ輱ˣͻȻĵֵϮ𣿡
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Ҳ֪Ȼ׿˵Ǿһĵл䵭ͷżᶨĹâ
лҡͷбƳһۣ磬ʲôʱҲԲзˣôһжʧأ
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ǺлĴ£һӸĵˮŵķͬһʱ䣬Ҳӵ׿ĴѶı䷽ǰˮš
ǣ˭Ҳ뵽ǣ֮ڵȺ򣡴ߣڤȵɽҩϰ
վΡɽͷǰɽңңǰӰóһöȴǳ̾ҡҡͷһ֮ɫ϶˵ʲô˼һһ𿴣澹ȻǸĵˮǰǰΪʲô˵ףźͻųô·
šϢйɣϰֲƤ΢΢˶оڡ
üͷһɽʧЦϢйѵмϸ𣿹ЦмϸҲġĸС壬ðŵŵΣգﵱϸĸУвͶŵģĸԸǵٱǣ
ˣΪ˴μƻؼһСΪϰɣϰͷ૳Ͼƣֻͺã
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ؿıӰһۣɽЦСǹɵĺܣҲǰˣô˵Ҳҩѵõʦ
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˶ӰΣȴȫǼЦ
ɽͷ󳰷ϸ˫ȭ̹߬ĵĺ⡣Ƕҵţպôߣ
ͬʱ׿Ҳڽˮŷȥ֪ͨѾˣֻܾǰȥԮ
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ǰˮŵԷģǾỳɡΪˣвŸھΣͬʱһ׼ƻߣҲĺ
ȻԼԼһȫߵĶƣֱèϷһ㡣
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вһ׿˼Ƭ̣Ȼ³ȥ


305 
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ǰؿɽϰ˴ŽһʼǻΪҵˮŵԿףҪﷵˡ
ǣ˶벻ǣǲδһŲԶʼʽ£·Ҫ
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˿һУȴ¶ĪЦ⡣
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306 ֲ
磬ô죿ƣһƵ
Ҳͷ󺹣ܣֻʮҫ۹һأͻΧҪ󲻿ɡֻʽȴͨʽɱȡʮңӦ˴ᣬ᲻ɴݡڲ޷󣬱Ѱλ÷ӳ
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307 
ʮγһεĽ磬˶ڽ֮У˸
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һԿðͷϲ벻ôһѸĶƺȴ׵ؾͱƽˣ
ǣƺȴ˿ҵָӳ棺ƣų
ǣҲȺ鼤ܣ־ȳ
ʯǰŵȴɫһѸֻ޳һˣһֱһ˿صЦݣֱ֣ǺǺǡ£µġ


308 Ŀ
䣡
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Χ˿Ҳ棬ѵˣǼȫǵүڳɳˣպһһλɫļ
ʮһʱ̲סƺʱҪӣʮ˵Ȼ֧Ӵʽ
ƺͫһ
˱㼱֮߳⣬ֻһЩȽģһûüԶǰǺȻը
䣡
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һ̣ȳĶأȻǰе˸ոӹǱըŻһңȴȻ춾֮УΪѪˮ
̲ͫסһ´󾪣Сģҩ߲ƣ
˵ţΧѸٷһ˪˫һεĺϱǵǰ
ǶǰϱڽӴȴǷ̵ĸʴ죬ϱҲۿɼٶɢţգۼ㲻Ӱ
²ɴ󺧣ǻûǿĶǶҩԳ֣Ҳɣ
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¥ʱ򣬾֮ʱһЦӰͻȻ䵽˳ǰ
ȥȴơлˡֻǴʱ˿̣һ˵ѲʮˣҵҪԱȻȫ
˵һĻǾֻʣѦˡ
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ңһ̣˶챻ǶǰȻƿǴһ·˲շӹⶾϯǻϣ
ˮʯǰݷɡлХˣԼĶӰȻһٿǶ죬ѪˮĳҲŵͷһ亹ֱð
˴ΰټΪ߼ʽսȻǰҪ׺ݵض࣡
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ǻһصĻȣɽת׿һȻʧѦ㣬ǾֵУһץסʺ߸߾𣺡СӣôˣֻΪʹһ棬ǸϸϸǺǺǡ


309 ڤ

ѦպѦֵֶܲɴһҲԵɵеĴڣܲسȥ
ɽȴһ۶ûУһӣһ㶸Ȼ˻ɳȥڿУǱһѪصȥҲˡ
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ݣ
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ɲǼ䣬ռ䶼·ֹһɽĺüΪֻһ貵ĽԼٶʺݽ
ȴ˿ţֻ̧һָ֣׵ؽǵâСлǰܣ
̲ͫסһлӦɽǲмЦǴĶߣߣʽʹӻɵ֣ĻǺǺǡ˰ɣ
䣬ɽ͵һһȻл˴һ˳ȥ
ʱһѪ̲ס˲ûֻܲʵؿɽаƣץĲԽԽȴΪ
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Ӳһͣǰζʱֹס˴˿һۣСͣ˽Ųأ
˵СﲻǸҵС㣬ĸûʲô𡣿ȴΪ⣬뽣лͳħ׿кĽ顣
㲻ɮ濴棬ҲŮǶĻᱻɽҪЮ
ͬеɽ˷ߺ޵񣬲аЦλǸҵĵӣ벻ȴΪһСηηβĺѵð
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𳤷üͷһЦŶȻԼ岻β׽أ
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Ŷֻƾܶ϶üͷһ𳤷絭Ц
ҡҡͷ޳һɫ⵱Ȼ˼򵥣ֻŮһɲǣȴǺȻؿѦѾͷʣԼСİΣˣȥһŮӣʲôУ
⣬䳡ϣ׿һεʤ緢֮ʱȥҵ˭ǺǺǡһԼӢһ棬ģʲôｻյֿѣԼİŮˡҲһжʶΪȴҲܷӦ򣡡
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ŶҲңة˲˫ȡ٣¾ʹ֪ة֮£ֶ²޳΢΢һǫ̧׿𳤷ʱȴǾڣƺƵζ
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ةǰΣ޳ҡҡͷȻ
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ǣһֱ𳤷֮лȻûףȴֹס˷ܣ
µһ֮ÿʵ˶ƴȡģˡ
һ棬ɽ˶ҶˣתֿǾ֮ɫѦ㣬аЦСѾͷ϶㻯ΪѪˮСӿġҵΪ⻹̫ܹޣ뵽һõ⣡
Σ׿һҵģѦִֵذ˰ӣȴǲö䡣
Ϊ֪ÿҫ֮ʱ׿һߣΣ֮С
׿磡
Ĭ֣ѦĵһֱţӢͯ
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ЦҡҡԴɽûΧһУֻǳؿСеǸ˲ˣǱ֮ʱѾȥһöˡǺǺǡˣӦҪΪڤ¯˰ɣôȻ˼꣬ڻǹԹԽԼ˰ɣ
䣬ɽͻȻͫһһֻƶȻץϣɫļУɢ
龰˶гڤ֣Ҫǣ


310 ̫

лͫ͵һ̲ס˻ߵؿҪǰȥȴǰҲ᲻
֮ﾫ
֮˾ǣʶ겻ɢǾǱᣬǼ棬Ҳַۣɢʧ
ǵ˼ˣɴ󾪡ԭɽҪҪЮ׿ҪأǷ׷׳֣Ҫֹ
ǣȻˣ
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ѦɫԽԽҰʹ֮ɫֻУż֣׿׿硭ҡ
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ͻȻһεĲѦͷȻһҫ۵ĹâţһֻɢŴξͷ˳
Ҳһ̣Ѧͫâһɢʧȥȫƽʱ鶯ķҲˣصȥ
ͫһɽأȻ˷֮ɫǵҫ۵ĹâЩһ㣺ôľǣǧѵðСѾͷˣһʧҺʲôˣ
˵ţɽйâһһƴС¯ҿӣʱ㽫Ǿ˽ȥ
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һ죬˫ཻȴǸԻˣ¡岽ֹסΡɽȴǽŻֱ֮ɳȥЦСѾͷû˾ǣʶ֧żգСӸոɡǸҴҪ뱨𣬵ǰǵ
ҧҧ޺޵ؿɽȥӰȴҲ׷ˡ
ǣڴʱâȴǶȻǰ֣ȴлƶˣѽ·ϣ
ɽǰɱˣ㻹䣡лɫһŭһɳ
貣죬ֱŷնȥҲаЦһһƳٺٺ١ȻˣȥѾҲɣ
䣡
캧˰Ľӭɽ󺧡˶һһжǶ֣
鼱֮£ֻһ˦֣Լ˳Ƕ˵ĹԼ·ӣ弶ҲҪˣ

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Цһϰҵ⻹עҳûһöҩˣ
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ԣϰмƲƲ죺˰ɣˣǱޣֻһޡӷų裬Ҳȥһֻ弶޶ѣһֻ޺ˣ
Ϣһͣɽ̲סݺݳ˳飬а
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񲻾Ų̵Ťͷȥ̲ס£
Ѧ˻лȻûߣԣҲ絶ʣ̵صԴ
Ȼǻһ˿ϣҲãҲԸĥ
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Ԫ΢΢ͷһЦ⡭

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һ㶣ȥȴֵֻˣѦɡ
ʱȻû˰һ˫鶯˫ĿҲȻͣ·𿴲κƴһ˿һƣһĻȣ¥롭ٸһЩʱ䣬ٿһ׿硭
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·Ѿ֪ӦˣѦЦЦüŵлл
лѦֵˣڷ˵ҩ󣬺ת࣬Ҳжˡ˸æѦߣң
ǲ԰׵ԽԽҲһ
лȥѦľǣȴǱлǿֹˡֻΪԷл򣬾һҲǶ֣
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ûглһر˫ֻͫԻۣ
еĲԽԽ׿ಽǰǰУ˫ȶʼˡʵΪԭ򣬻ǾȻĶŮˡ
ǣ˶įΣ¶ȺһϢĽʱ׿ȴ˲Ҳǰһ


311 
׿硭𣿡ѦʱѾΪ˫֮ͫһƬնĿȴŬ¶һ񵭵ЦݣƺҪ˷ġȴף֧Ų˶ã
ˣ
һβ׿ɢʶ̽һȴ͵һ˫̲ͫסʱҧأ
ľǡ׿˫ȭգ૳೤ʱˣ
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˿׿α˫ͫо˫Ŀ֮ƺһƵʣôҲֹס
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ƺ׿ʱеʹ࣬Ѧ¶һȻЦݣȫԼƵģȻ׿磬˵ڻҡûƭˣ
˵ţѦؽһֻ̧䷢׹⣺׿磬ǵԼסˡ
ȴе׿۾ôҲΪһͻ̲סӿҲ캧˰㷭ӿ
Ǻܿ죬׿ǿѹĪĳ嶯ٴƽ˫ʱûһ˿ҳٵˣҡ
׿磬㲻˵ˣûгٵҵպǵգ׿û˵꣬ѦǼϵ׿磬ܲҶһöָǵԼ
ؿһǲ԰׵С׿ǰߣȥž貹â
ѦĿȴüΪ¶Цݣ׿磬֪𣬵ⲻ¡αҲǱˡԣһҲ㣬˵ΪɱңһЩأ֤ˣ׿ռҪĵλǲŻᶢôһСѾͷ
ȭͷ˽׿û˵۵ȴȻŭܱڣֻһûܿõ
磬㲻ҪҶԽָڻŸʲôҵʱ䲻ˣһ˵Ľָһ𷢳ʱѦֶлЦ
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ʱ䣬ö䷢貵ĹâһڶУѦöر˫һλصɽӡ
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ˮʯǰһֱŵ𳤷硢޳ͶսҲ΢΢ݡĵشŮӣһû
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а뿿һǰõϵİοƬһʧаʱûҲؽ᲻ܿƵıߣʱû˿赲޳ӣȴ̾һ⡣
𳤷ؿһۣһЦһͷ޼ŭԷٰ
ǺǺǡة˷ģµģһͷ侲ޡڱߵޣȴٺöԸˣЦһ޳¶һթЦݡ
𳤷΢΢ҡͷתʯе׿һСһò׾װɡ
һ棬Ѧͼӣ徵ĳ棬̱ڵءѸæչˣҲһݡ
ѦպѦֶˣǰߣԼȥӡ
лڴڴ˼ڴͨһƬȻվҧгݵ׿ڻǾǰ㣬һȥΪ𣡡
壬ȥֻװˮžǰܻͨصǣӮô˴ΰټ֮Ӧ췵زǣȻ׿Ѧʬ壬ȴһȻйžƺȫûκһ
˫ȭݺץлͷ¶ݺݵؿ׿ҧ˵˵˻Ȼ˵Ȼ֮Ѫ𣿡
ҵȷѪһ㣬һʼ֪𣿡ɫɲ䣬׿ҵ񣬾ҪӮô˴ΰټٶ˶νɽʹԴ˩˿ϣˣҲûʲôԹ˵ģÿԼѡ񡭡
쵰
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ʱ˿̣׿ѹŭ𣬳ױߡ


312 Ҫ
ӿâܲƣһߴܵϣΪһ׼סڣ׼֮ϣеɫâܶ
׿˫ĿѪ죬ŭ𣬱ͻһһ·ʱѿһ㡣ټ߶೤ںչըѣ֮ܰһԱⲻɢױ
ңңȥ׿ԶŽµħҪһ̲һ㡣׶Ŀ͸ʯҲ˲ɵ˫ȲԾز
ǹε߼ҵϣҲɵһ󾪼£
Ǻݺݵʯ׿֣絶ʰѪԭոǶˣѦʹĻ
ֻǿѹеıߣ˰ȫߺ󣬲Ҫȥһˡ
ѿŻ׿Ȼģȴţֹסƺһԣɰ̾һǵһμ׿磬ʧصģ
ͳ쿴Ҳ΢΢ͷ˫ȭ߬
У׿һֱһǡȡ̩ɽǰ治ɫۣǴʱŷ֣λǿ׿ܼңҲһ档
׿ǱĺУݣȴİڱֵжߺޣбıжôʹ
뵽˵Ŀת˵ŵڡ
ʱ˿̣ոսûõң߸ϵ߼֮׵ĵţ¶ս⡣
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˸޳ĵΪСӴ壬û㣬ȴʧصġҪ֪֮˶飬пɻ⡣֮ˣһ飬ǲѣһʰ
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СӣվϺ갡
죬Ҫ
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׿ȥҲ֪塭Ǻݺǿʯ˻ǣⵥǰ׿С
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ҡҡͷ£ɵӣΪһŮȥƴֲΪ㣬ֺαء
ѡǣû˵꣬૵˵֮Ϊ

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ң˭ȥֲĻ׳棿
òϵǣĻ¥ϣҲû׿Ȼȵ壡
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ؿһۣ˫૳Ҿ֪ڻǵѡǶԵģ
һ㶣ٿһۺҲεͷҲɡ
㡭СѾͷ𣿡ͻȻһϵ˳ǶС
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˵ıɽ̾Ҫ˵Ļ鵤ûò˵ټûӮǳˣ
ˣҲ΢΢ͷ
ƳһۣЦߣĿ⣡˵˴ǵĿֻ꣬׿һ˶ѣĶҪңԣԲ˻ȥˣ׿ҲضŰɣ
ԣ˲һۣǹ
ǲ֪׿Σʯǰȴף׿ȥ·ϣȫһηؿе޳а
ȻλӲľ֣һթħ׿ˣתʵڲǵ۹ǵĳƺŰ
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·ʱ˿̣ĹâȻǹԵ𳤷һ㡣𳤷ȴƽϣֻһȻؿʯеĳо
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΢΢˶ӣһ죬û뵽ԪǿȣȻ׿ɫϣȴɱһȻ֮ɫЦߣбڴˣɱû˿ã
ͫһɣ׿ȴɲȥᣬȻԪ񹥻Ǿһ·ɱȥͺã
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ֻһ˲ĹʮֵʱնϣеûײȻһ𣬶Ϊأ
ֻϲɫâʱΪɱ


313 ħ
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˿ǰһĻȫסˣ޳⼸ʮ֣Ҳɱ׿Ҳû뵽ױɱ
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Ȼ䣬˵ɿ־ΪܣһƴˡǺٴγˮӿȥ׿Ŀ⣬ˣȴŨŨɱ⡣
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Լǣֲǳ֣СӾͻᱻָҳ⽴ˣɽаЦһĴָ̾
ڰ֣ȴǲÿɷҡҡͷԲӣ඾ඣҪ׿ҪģֻСӵʲô¶ѣĻǱԳУˣҲһߺߡ䣡
һ˲һͣ˴˿һۣȻЩŭȴ
תٿȺ֮аأֻգ۹׿̼ȥٸ㷣ͷ
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ˣٸӵѶȣʮɣۿһУâĳ
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׿ŭǰ棬һƬ֮ͨɫȴǶȻһ٣أȻڵأһʱҲá
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׿ףȻֻһһʽȴߣʱеһɽѹֱȫѹ֮£ֺܶ
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ݣ
ʮƷϵͬһ׷״׿ͷ䣬һȥ׿Ҳضַӱɱ
׿ȴֻ޾ɱ⣬ûȥͷЩСĽЦЩϾҪ˶Ȼ¶ɹĿϲЦʱ׿ŶȻͫһ֮Уɫ⻷һţ
ͫһأλλ
ಣ
ʱ䣬ʮеأȻʧһγʱ䵽˾ǧ֮ɭ֮С
˲󾪣ۿԼϾҪٽˣԸȴȫʧˣ⻹ô򣬲
ãﱻţǻʱԶߣ
ǻ¶ɵݣ׿ȴȻͫһɣȫɫâը쿪
ʱ䣬¡Уǵ󱻺ޣЩߵǿǣҲգۼ䱻ɱƬ
׿վӣû˵һ仰ֻǿǰ˵ɱű˵ǰ塣
ֻһΣȫâһһΧ£ڲ࣬ǰ׿⣬׹֮ǻûü壬ȻŰҧƬ
ʣµЩʽոշȴһЩ޼ɵâȫĻΪм𲻵κã
׿Ҳôһֱǰ壬֮趯֣Ȼ˺ޣʬҰ̶һʱ䣬ǧֱɱʬʣ
ǶֵؼˣҲǰһԷâ㱻׿׷ɱҲֻо룬ٲҷˣ
Ͼǰ˺սǻһս֮˻ûüǰȻ˲ûκã⻹ô
еǶЩսʤĶģ׿ִʱȻ޷սʤĶ֣˵ֻеӣĻ˿ԣ
Ȼ䣬ս֮ϣֻ׿ֱײɱȴҲκθҷ˳ˡ
ϰһУͷ亹ֱôҲ뵽׿ЩףȻ˿£Щֱֲ˿ɵ
˾ﻹΧ׿ӣǻȺ׸
ɽͬһ󼱣㷣ӣ벻ħ˱̬ȥ˸ƴҲκβңǰǵĸҸ߲ǶأҪô˴Ļǣ壬Ըһ˵ĻպΪЦ
֪òңȻ˵꣬һһ׺֮ɫ͵ǰһ벻ô챾ӾҪԳˣߣһûõķ


314 ˫ս
ʯǰ˶һؿĻ棬ȫסˡ
׿һ֮ټҸ֣ȻͬһԶħѹ֣ʵֲ֮ǸҵĳϣҲºȻ
Ǳţ־֮ɫ׿ʹõɱǱģΪ׽еס
֮£׿ȴҪǿ̫ˡ˵޵УԷû˸ҽһǲҪˡ
Ӣţɱ֮ƣڳ˶
رһЩ֮ˣлһ̲࣬סȫ˷ܵز
ݣ
һ⻮ٴλصȴǹһ˿֮ɫѿˣæߣʵǣ˺£
ûʲôҡҡͷûлشֻǵôˣ
֪ʵ˭̾һתʯķ૵Լɣ
üͷһǸæȥȴ׿˻˵ͻĿ֮һƬ֫ϱۣ֮ڶǳ˫Ŀ·Ҫǰһȫһ㡣
էȥɱݱ飡
ɵһʹ̲סᴽԼȻӿ
ȫܹᵽʱ׿֮У޾ı
쿴Ҫˣ
ͻȻ֪˭һ䣬濴ȥȴһݵӢΰӰӿ׿Ǹɱȥ
˲֮׵죬ֻ˭
һʱ䣬ۿȫ˷֮ڣһǿ˵ս˭ʤߣټеĵһ壬Ҫ˫սоʤˣ
Ȼ˵ȻصǵļȻʤ˶ףЩļҲʮֻӻģʤߣ
һλս˫֮䵮
һ˿ĭ˶һŵؿһСлýֶֻݺݽ˽оڣԸӡ
˶ҪԽĿ꣬˭һеǿߣĵһ㡣ΪյĿ˭
׿
һ棬׿ɱȻ治嶫ϱȴǶȻһȴ󷢳Ӳתȥȴɱͫһŭȳ죬
䣬׿ȥЩСඣȻת췽ȥȫâȻһȻȫۼһȭ֮С
Ҳһŭȫţ࣬һȭʼ

˵Ӱײһ˫ȭͷǺݺݵԷȥȻһ
ʱ䣬ӿڣױ죬رѣ
׿ͻˣȭཻȴǵʱһ飬ֻǶȭͷ֮ǿֲѹȴ˫ȭ֮ܣŽ
׿ȫݺݵضŶԷ˭ҲһһȻ죬뱻ǿҵһ˻ȥ岽ֹΡ
ǹɿֲѹȴǶȻɨΧһ񱩵ףӿĽŰڳڣʱ㽫ǧķѣȫʬ
һ´󺧣æȥ
ô뵽˵ĽսֻನЩˣ֣˲Ϣأ
ʱ˲ᵽʲôʵϵĲࡣ
֣ͬһСĴָ˰ؼôĹ֣ʵ̫̬ˣ
һˣһУе𺳸
׿Ȼ֪ԼʵޣҲû뵽޴˵ز
ʱ˿̣ǶЩãͻվΪҲ˵Ĳ࣬䲻ϸ
лݺҧҧ˫ȭ߬ȴɿ̾˿޵ôԽ
Ҳ⻹գһһɼΪıԹ׿ȫһսеһС

£൱
˶̾ڶ˳ʵֻ̣֮｣ף۾һУ૳ǣ׿ʱ۵һ˿Īľ֡
ʵ׿ǣ죬ȥٵġҲ֪׿Ŀ֮и׼вӲӲί߲ǣ
ˣҲ׿˴񣬼Ϊա
û뵽̶ֻʱ䣬СӵʵȻﲻ¡˵׿Ĺ֮еĹ
Ҫףǰ׿Ÿոǿܴܻĵܵܣƣʵǲ֮𣬲ԵƣȴȻƽң쵱ǰ۷Ϊ׿ȴֻǶ͹Ǿ۷壬һװ
˵ʵ൱׿ǱȴǱȻﻹҪ޴ضö࣡
պɾͣԹ
˵ٸ׿ʱ䣬ֻҪʱĻȫп˦ʮ֣
˿µǱǷҲ̲סҪ̾ˡ
ѹСӵʱˬ죬бʤİһֻҪܻŻպضһʱǧ̵ĵţҲҪ̻̲ˣǺǺǡ
ҡͷЦһ̾
ǣͬһģ޳ͻԪˡǵ׿ΣռȼΪζҪΣյ
СӾѾܹ߼ҲðҪɳȥǻˡƾ߼ǧ̣Ҳκβˡ
ս֮Уκٿ׿ǺɫƺȫģͬУһս£
׿Σգֶι죬սթˣڶȫֺȴǸµĽζܽܡ
õŴӣ޵һӣһ̣е޵УҲܽλĿǣжʱһвС
ǰûвġ
һˣɱ׿
죬׿ͬһȫâըѣȥһҧͬȥ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬׹ػⲫһһȭһŶԿɽʯѡನΧɢȥֱЩ˰һƬǺ
˵λǴ򣬱˼޹
ǿ׳ȭȭⶼû¡ǿӵǽսನܲˣǺôһ£𴦴вУ
ǣȻɱۣ׿Ϊ˱𣬻ΪԼĵλĻܹôࣿһȭһŽɱУϴ򵽱Ӷ˲ٶйȥȴ˭Ҳû˵˭һֻ֣Щ޹ĸ塣
׿ģȴսನɧţֵʱֱ쭵ǧϣǿ޶ûضȥ
ɽ˲˿ĭ˴˶һۣͷ亹ֱðϢ
Ҫǵط㣿
뷨Ҫ֪Ļһ۾
̸ܣһﶼ±˵սҪȥˣʵ̫۸ˣ
Ҳɼ˵սжôײУɽһﶼеʵʵв
ǣжһֱϲµĶˣʤƽڿʼ
һצŽצȻ׿ʺץȥ͵ķѹ׿ҲϢһͣæһ˹ȥ
ǣʱȴаЦһǰצȻһ䣬ֱ壬ʱһѹ£ֱ׿˲䱻ѹһ׶Ҳ
ٺٺ١ȥɣ¶һаЦݣһ˷ܣצֱץ׿ʺצ


315 
꣡
ռ綼Ҫ˺һ㣬ǷŽɫâצֱֱ׿̽£磬ε涼һۡ
˫̲ͫס׿´󺧣һȻҪͻ似ķ룬ﵽؽ֮
һצҪץʵˣҲˣ
ʯǰˣͬʧɫҲû뵽˻ʼ⣬иǿľѧ
ֻлˣüͷ̲ס˶Ϥһצץץȭͷ
һצʱҲùֻʱȴ赭дûðˣҲֻܱԹԱѹڵ棬ްַ֮
ڣȫԸʩչУǲᵽеĿ£ǻһ
ۿһУоһ૳û뵽׵ؽ׹Ȼֻ˼䣡
ʲôո˵ʲôؽ׹
뵹һ˼ֱԼĶ䣬Ѹǲŵؽеѵ˵Ǵ˵ҵġ
˵ͷһʵĵؽ׹׹̫Ե֮¾ѧʲ㣬ʲǿӲַӻ꿪ʵҲɵһضѣˣΪѹƲסڵû뵽ССͣȻﵽ̫浱ʵʵѵáǡ
˵ɫһ˵һ۵ľһ൱ӦûмȥĿܣ
ԣɫ䣬ŵķǼɵ֮ɫ
űѾ߼֮ףʵǿǵδļʹˣȻؽ׹ˣպ˭ܵеù
ͬһ㣬˶߸ߵذԴЦ·˵֪ǵ˰ɣǸҸԣߺߣƣǲкýģ
ɫԽأݷ˱˴˶һۣһ
ǰ߼Ȼʵ࣬ϾÿҶһҴ似Ҳ̫δһս֮
ڣȴͻȻһӵеؽ似ߣȴ˲ҵľ룬ﵽɼĵزʵȻͬһˡ
һˣ̲߱ס̾į˼ȥΪУǲһľ
Ͼڣϣһս׿ҲȻԵҲֻ似ѣ츳ǿȻյؽ似ĻĶ֣
ţ˽̲סֱҡͷʯУƺϾҪֳʤ龰ֻ̾гǡѵˣ˿ûκ뷨ֻǽעȻѹݺѹڵ׿ֻе֮ɫ
׿ȥɣս֮ϣһȣЦ֮УȻ¶˷֮ܵɫ
ݺҧҧ׿Ȼȴͫһ֮нɫ⻷һţŭá㣡
ͫһأλλ
䣬׿ӰವһʧһצգʱȥأȻһǧľ޶
̲ͫסһ£찵һҪȴһ죬һâȭݺݵıϡ
ɲǼ䣬ӿӿڣŰķθǻǿӲ壬ҲЩܲסɵ³һʺѪˮȻ֮Уֽǧµݽǧ֮ࡣ
һϵķתڵʯ֮䣬Ǹ׿ѵģȴȻ׿һȭ˲䵽˵
еһУ̫ͻȻǶɵȻסˣþûز
׿λλ֪ͨ٣Ҳֻһۼʶ˵λǵһμͨȫĿɿڴ
ǷҲ̲ס˶ӣգգ۾һԻΪڸղţ۷֣õҲû׿ġ
⡭ôܣѵ仹ײ֪似ؽûаɣô
ɵշײҡͷЦ׿̾Сһ˾̾Ѱ
ѺݷɵҲ۾һ׿ڻؽ似в£ûܵ˿ˣܷһԷ򵹣ŶԿȥϣ
Сӡ˲аǺǺǡ
ݷɸѡлХ˻࿴˿ǵЦ
ԪؿһУǻһĪЦ⣬ƺǶ޳˵ǻȴҲش೤ϵĶУ컹СĶ֣ҪԸʽÿˣ
İɣһж׵ˣȫ룬ǽ˴ڳеţ޳°Цһ˳Ļͷ
ԪЦЦʯڡ
ʱ˿̣һ췢죬ǵصȫԵüΪǱǻվȽŸһ̶Ʒ죬ȴǶȻӱ
̲ͫסһһȴ׿Ѫ˫ͫͬʱһѼ⵶ֱֱشӲʱһʺӡǡ
ͷ˲䷺һ亹ŵ඼ֹͣ
հոҪʱӦԴѾ˼Ҹ̴ˡΣյĳû
Ҳӽ׿ɱ
׿ΪֹΨһһвˣɱ
ţ쵱ϣһ֣˲ץס׿һֻһֻȻ׿ȥ
һǰ㣬һȭƴͣ·ƱҪԴȥƵġ
׿ȴۿһУżȭͷٽʱͫɫ⻷һ˲ʧӰ
Ȼһ󣬻پһɴȴǱ׿һױޣݺݳ˱ϡɫâٴ壬̲ס³һʺѪҺ
ţ׿׷ƣݺҧҧҪȴǿһ޴ʹ
ֻ׿ʵ̫ˣƮ׽Ρ
ǺһĻֵľˣ׿һ㣬Ʈڻǰңλ׵޺ݺݵسϣֱȫѪۣѪֹȴǸ޷֮
˵뷴ȴҲˡ
ΪˣͬһȰĴڣȫҲ˵Ӱ
һʱ̵ˣͺһСܰ㣬׿ϵر׳ֻšţ
ʯǰˣȴȻɵۡ⻹Ǹ֮׵ôôᱻң
׿ȴÿһ޶ĳ죬˸ĿУ
ڣ̲סˣǼŸʲô쿪󣿡
ӣ㲻˵Ҫȡɽһ㶣૳
û˵꣬ȻһίƿڴӵȲˣ쿪ʽ
ɵ㶣ɽǵһολûзȵرֿڣѾ̬æɭд˸ƣ
ʱ䣬һβսأȻһ͸׿ٽλλʱȴһͣҲ̽鲻κοռڡ
磡üͷ̲ס˶׿°һɫ
Ȼȫףǰ͸ˣȻĿͫ뵽Ӧ֮


316 ƽ
ģ̫˰
ʯǰ޳룬оڣ̾Ϸ֪СӶʽ֮о統ǿԽԽãʱֲܴǡ
ٲ¾ͶסˣЦһԪһۣڿʽСл𣿡
޳ҡҡԴ۾һе󷨴ʦҲã
ǲˣ㲻ǵʱ䳤ˣ㹻ʱоʽȻãʲôµģЦҡҡͷԪȻ
Ϸ֣ԷκηĻᣬԽΣյĶ֣Խˣ˰֣޳Ȼһɫ
ԪˣȻʧЦ°̾ıʿ֮Ǳ֮˵սҪ׺öడ
С
һ棬׿һȦʮλ֣˫ֺʮڴλãάֽתȫףСɣ
ûʲô;ؾһϡ췽λγһСأΪι̡
һô󣬱һأӵл֮ܣȥġʱ˵ո֣ϵǿߣҪͻƴûвԷˣ꣬Ҳ˵ء
ʽ֮УռȻȫ׿λλ˲ȴΪֹ콻սΣ
Ͼû·սҪôӮҪôֻһѡҪӣȴ򲻿ˡ
죡
׿ҧҧݺݵؿŶǸаЦ꣬˫ȭ̲ס߬ɫȻը죬һ̤ǰͳȥ
ǹλλ֪˼ѳɣɴϲһ֮ɫͬ˹ȥ
ʱ䣬ٴײһͬʤǻȴеһ󳩿죡ϾոǱúܲңûκλأܸԷؽˣȴʵһĪҸ
ǺٴսһšɵãٶйȥԽսԽ£׿ȴǽЩ
龰˲󾪡ǰ˽ս׿Ӧʵ൱ģΪβǧУδ¶ƣ׿ȴȻˡ
ӦöȫԸ˭ҲûֲŶԣѵ˵һʼͲûʹȫ
һˣ¸ӵǣлҡҡͷ̾ǿ£ѵ׿Ķ֣ûȫ𣿡
䣬һЦȴǶȻ˶ߡ
ǺǺǡûгȫ׿һʼͳ̫ѳԼܷΧ֮ˣ
˲һתȥȴҡԴǿϵףâѾʼ䵭ҲЩܲסˡǰǿ֮ǿԼǿһĵزĴۣȴǳ帺ɼޣֱƴǰƾǹȰһƴ֮Ļ磬ƺȫˣҲֻܵ;ƿ֮ʱˣ
Ǳڻ콺Ų£ʵȻǿ֮ĩʤѷ֣ٿˣ̾˿һϧ֮ɫ
ԣϸٿȥ׿ƵԽԽ٣ȫѣѪֹס£Ȼܵ˼ʱ֣忪ʼˡ
ǻ죬ȴͣƲɵ
ħվǵв鰡
˶εҡҡͷٿʯУ׿ȴƺȫûʶһ㣬ȻŻͳʹԲһ·ͽƺƴҲһҪǰһ㣬оɵһɾ
ȷһݺΪȴʧΪһӢĩ·ı׳
ŵ˿׿ȭͷԽԽǷЦлǽ˽гս⣬޲óǰȥ׿ս
ǺѵŮȴ㾰һʹ׿ı޳ǣŻ˲Σķս
ڣڶִһٶк׿ϵâɢȥҲС˺ܶࡣоһЦһȻץסǧѷŰһŽһȭȻ׿ϣ
ʼ
䣡
һľ췢׿Զ˽ս󣬵һαڵأ÷Բǧ״ѣһڿѪȪӿ
ɽ˲ԣ˲һ㶣ǰ׿ܵһȭֻ˶ѣôѪֹȻ˵อˡô£ǰҲû˹
ֻлйؼһЦһŲڵزڴʧ׿ؿϣЦߣСӣ㲻Ǻôкܶôôʹ𣿺ٺٺ١ΪûЩȴҲո֮뱾һսֹֻʵΪѡʵӻԶأ
һ׿³һڲѪȴǽҧز
ѵŮһĻ棬Ҳǰ̾׿ħ;ƿ˰
ʱ˿̣ﶼף׿ĽթǵƾֶΣκβ
ϧʧȥǣŻᱻݺ˴˴
ЩʱĻ׿ʵضûûĻˡ
۾һУŽ¹Ӳд׿ҡҡͷЦϧ̫ϧˣƾʣܹ뱾һ̣պ˭߻һƫƫΪһѾͷͷԣһ˵Ͳߣֻбӻһˣ
ͫһһ͵׿Դ£·Ҫ֤Լʤһ㣺Ȼ˶Ů鳤ȥǸѾͷɡҪ𣬺ߺߣ±ҲûᣡǸѾͷܰˮˣ

ҵ磬ڶ߻ŵĴЦ쳹˶СһҲϾҪ׿Դ飬Ҳһ̵صԴŮứ
ǣڴʱͻһըУһȴǵʱ˰ա
̲ͫסһ¿ȥȴأȻֻ֣ϾȻץһֻצӿǱǰҫ۶Ŀ
üͷ̲ס˶´󾪣Ҫ£ȴôҲˣ
죬ҾǴӾĵظд춯һ㣬ڻǾĿУֻצ͵һ̧ʱƷ˳ȥ
ǹǿҲԵֵסӣǰȥʱȴȻˡ
ôܣĻ˵ؿǰǵը죬ӿ̲ס˿ĭ
ˣҲȫ˲סˡ
֮У׿վӣֻ޾ɱ⣬ȻȫѪƤʼѿǲӿıȴ˶̲סе
ǻ죬ҲһɫѸСӣ﾿̲Ŷ
ؿǰ׿һƬâû˿ɫʣϼҲȥᡣ
ʱ˿ֻ̣лһˣ̹ǵĳ޺ɢʯǰˣʵʵظеǹɱģҪ⡣
죬ӾƴҪҲҪһµ
ݺҧҧ׿һͫƽ
䣬һɸǿȻڱӿ׿Ͽյͷ˳


317 ʹ

һŭмʹĳ쳹أ׿ȫըѣɫâ籼󺣰㲻ӿҲڷǹɻصѹڳ˶ɵϢһ̲ͣסز
ǻҲһ˿ɵ֮ɫ
˿񱩵ǵһο˴Ǵ˻ûΪӾ壬͸𾪲ˡ
ʯǰˣȻûֳǿһ춯صĳ棬ҲȻ֮ɫ
׸̲סͫףСһȻ˿µһУѵãܲܳŵסأ
ۿȥȫ׿ϵѪԽԽ࣬ҲҷеĿľ㣬ʱ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һƬɫ˵ҲһǵؿǵŮʹĶѪ
Ȼ׿ȻĴˡǰǾԲֵġڣΪ˻ܻ죬Ϊȴʲôȥˡ

һʹİ׿ǵͣȫ²ףһȫΪɫž죬ɢΣյϢ
׿ڴڵشŴȫȻѪˮϥ֮ϸһƬѪģŰ¶ɭɭ׹ǣƺ൱ʹ֮࣬ȴ֮⡣
̲ͫס΢΢һ쿴ǵâһݣȴ¶Ц֮׿ҵ㻹ʲô˲ֶηԭ˼˵޴ΪڵԼ嶼ŲסˣôɲǱӵĶԡ
ݣ
Ȼѻ˵꣬һɫӰ˲ǰûüӦһȻϣʱ㽫һ˳ȥǧ֮ң¡һײһСɽϣȻѵɽ֮С
ԭڵĵط׿һֻƣؿɵķ
˻
뵹һսеˣʯǰۿˣȫ̲סͫһ֮ɫ
û뵽׿ʱٶȻﵽһַ˼ĵزĹм֮һлɡ
¡
ӷ֮վǱѪֱȴ˲ôֻ࣬һ𾪵ؿŶǵĮӰ̲סز
ոʲôٶҲ̫˰ɣǹǸʲôСӿȥϾҪ;ƿˣôֻǿȫʢʱڣҪǿʮֹ
̲ͫס˶ƽһһη
ǴһݺҡҡͷҪ˦뷨һܣΪѡе֮ˣߣôܻ˲ηУ
Ǻݺҧҧ⣬Լ侲ٴ̧ǰȥս⡣
ǣǰȴǿһˣ
㶣컹û׿ȥһ죬һɴǶȻıϣӿڣ
䣡
˲ʮҲ̲סһʺѪˮǳ׾ˡ
Сӡʲôʱҵı󡭡
ӲԴתͷȥȴֻ׿ǱĿͷɫâȭݺݵѹıϡ
裡
αú޻֮һУֱĪĳ衣УʮףΪˮбܣڶԷŻûм֮׵ʧܣķڷʧܡ
ڻƽʮ궼û붼û飬޷ܵ飡
ݺҧҧͻŭеɱʵʵɢ
׿˾Ҫ
һŭ˻ǿ̾ʹһĵ棬һת˲׿һȭѹȣأȻ˿Уһצ׿ץȥצ
꣡
ضҪһ㣬һצץ£Ŵ̶ķ֮һֻצҪһж˺һ
ǹǿѹצδץ£Ȼ˲½˰֮׿վԭأһ·ѹѹƵġ
ͫһǰ쵣ǵɽˣʱȴȻϣ
ǵؽ似СˣɽЦſ˵
ͷϰҲһЦǰǰûͻȻʧĹֶΣС͸ڴ֮ˡʲôξӲˣ
ԣٴΪȻصͷǣϲЦտ·׿ȻҪ촦˫սھҪҲﵣˡ
ǵ˿һУȴȫһ֮ɫһбϾǴ˵еĵؽ似ôõ׿ʵǿҲʵǺٽǿ似ˡ
һʱ䣬˶׿ٴǡ
СӣȥɣشЦһһצֱֱ׿ץ¡
˶һжʱǺˮ
ֻ׿վԭأ·ѹѹһ㣬ǾһצϾҪǰȴȭͷһţȻͻȥ

ȭצཻһľ죬ǻһצո׿ȭͷײһȴǵʱˡ
һ̣׿ɫȭڻǲ˼УȻϡ
ۣ
һ췢ֱɵϣһѪӱǻֱֱ¡׿Įվԭأ߾ȭͷ
ʱ䣬ոջˣ˲㾲ȫؿԶǵȻӰǾ֮ɫ
磬ǿǵؽ似һʹġôһȭȥǲ̫ˣ
˶̲ס˿ĭĪһʼǻΪ׿Ǳǵؽ似ѹѹˡһǲ֪Ǹ˼Ҳмһ˰
ǿ̫ǿˣ
˵У̲סһ̾лǼѪڣ°ܹ̾ʶ˫սʵǲˡ
ûȥ˵뷨׿ֻǻ̧ͷűյǵӰâ͵һ̤
৵һ˲ʧٴγʱȻ˻ǰ
һ쿴ϵƣȴһһα׿һСϡ
һƴͣδܹ˵ˣҲ̲ס³һڼѪˮอܵش
ݣ
һ⻮ֱֱɽǵķ
ɽڴؾ̾׿ʵǿʵǳ˹ļޣȴһܣ
䣬շ˼ˣҲæܣǿҲ뱻˫սˡ
ǣһжˡ
䣡
ݺݵ˴ϣһҵ𶯲˲ɢʱ㽫ǧûüߵķѣȫʬ
վɽ˿һУɬ˿ĭͷԴ亹ôҲ뵽һʼƶԸ׿ļƻͷȴ·ǰʯͷԼĽţ
Ǹɷ׿ûôԼһѾҪȫûˣ֮ǿ죬׿ǰ䵽·硣
̧һԶ׿Ǳ°Ӱһ㣬ҡɽ˱ֹסһ󵨲̸ܣĹ⻹ô򰡡


318 

Хž쳾˿״
һг䶨ǲ𾪵ط֣һ߾߲б۶ȣʬҰѪɺӡڲĽ˵šڤȵĸ¼ĸӣʱʮѲʣһɣ
ˣһҲŵʧǣŰȾܣҪƬǷ֮ءֻϧСʮפǲţ˭Ҳӳ
¡һӷվѪˮԵ쳣бλ׿һȭݺȥѪ
龰˲һ°ꡣ
õŴӣǱӣǻǵһμǱŰûл֮δţδ
һʱ䣬ǿ׿ֻʣ˾壡
飬Ҳֻħ׿ˣʵǿֲ˼£
߼ҵ֮ǣһУһ״ĸоƺ׿ĳ֣Ϊ˺ݺЩСǵġ
ǿΪű߼֮ףһʵʵĹû˵
׿ȴǳҰһڣȴʵ˦Ǽֲֹʵڿ˵һĪķ̡
رܶˣɬ
Ǽ׿ǳ׿츳ģȴмĳ츳ǿûм֧֣պҲܳǵĳɾ͡
ڣ׿һ·ϴ漣ֱʱŰ߼ǿӣ죬ȴʵʵڸһƣ֪ʲôӢ۲ʳ

ڴڵشŴ׿һ֮ɫȻڱݣңֻԼףΪͷų˹ףȻʴشˡȥĻ»δ£Ѿֲ֧סˡ
ӣ
ɽ˷׷ǰӣĿȫǵݣ޳ˣȰӣС磬췭ˣǻǳɡôȥ˶
ƨ
ݺһ˦֣ɽƿ챩ŭִֵбڴˣôܻܣݺһûаܹأ
ԣ˲˴˶һۣȴȫɫһ࣬˲ǰɲĻ죬ҡͷ
磬˼һˣͱӲˡǰûܹڲͰôؽ似ʹˣʲô취
ֻ֣Сʵ̫̬ˣô˴ڣ
ǣЩȴ˵ڣֻ´ģɱ֮ˣҲȫףȥ
׿ǿ󣬲ܱ˵ġ
˼Լƽֻתת֪ʲôǺܿͫһ·¶ʲôİ㣬ҧҧ૳ֻʹˣ
ʲôоУüͷһɽ뾪
΢΢һ£ƺЩԥԶǵԼŰİȻӰȴǺݺһҧʵ޵еģûܴңҲܣ
䣬춸ȻһХգءһ̣һɫӰȻڷɳգþò롣
̲ͫסһɽ뾪⡭Ǻ
ʯǰƼҲг֡ǸڣʲôĹ
üǵãζԸ죬ÿνסʱǵһɳ壬ضǵƻǿ
һʼǻΪһ似Ǻϸ˼ŷ֣ǸͲ似ڲŵһ൱
׿һУоȣ룬ƺʲô
ֶһϤĸоȻľǰùһΣԸǵʱڷأֺת˲ţҲΪ似һĶû⡣
ڿǽ࣬þòɢͬһһŸеΡ
Сӣôڴ֮ͥóУüͷ̲ס𣬻Ԫ˫ȭһݺҧҧ
ųҲǸæ˲ͷ亹ҿƺ൱±ϳһ㡣
ɳ̾޳ҡҡͷʱ̣ôѶԸСˡֻϣǧ겻䣬ǰ˿ʶðɣ
ԣҲ׷׵ͷ֮ġ
ǣǻԼԸս֮У׿Ǳشڳÿһ˵ĶС
ꣿüͷ΢΢壬׿ɫ
Ӳһ̲ͣס˳飬аѾСӣͦмʶģȻʶǧ겻
ڳϣ۵һһѪʯ׿񣬸޲Գǰɱһ㡣
ѾѾ޵ģСŶͣôʶʵд
ҲǻȻһԴűս𾪵ضһۺ뿴ԪķŭԪǺôĵӡǣǾȻ˽Զ꣬췴ɣ
һ˲ǴʧɫǻûһȻĻ｣ף˴ĳ档
ʲôǵ꣬һЩСһ壬ԡ
ֻҵĸ߲㣬־ɫ뿴ŵķǾԳ
˲֪Ŀ£¼ഫȴܲйؼҲΪ֪ԲŸ𾪡
ôҲû뵽žȻӣ꣡
ͷأȻһͷ亹Ԫͫ΢΢һᵽɤ۶
꣬ǻǣ۹Ĺ˾ٹ£һ´䣬֮ļ븮˾ԹߵµԤԣǧ߼ǿĵء
һݹϵΣ߼֮УֻеʵԷ䡣
ڣͻȻʹ˵꣬ⲻǶȻңռȡ֮
ıΪķףȫȨȫնࡣ
δһͳ߼ңʵҿ⣬ͳҪʹ˿սűر壡
뵽Ԫ޵Сûдֹۣ֮λһ˵裬ܺĴᲢۣ
Сôô˵Ҳܰʾǰ
೤ϣҲŵȫԪ˿Լ侲ҪЩȴôҲ˵ڡ
ʱ޳ȴ̧ƤȻԲӣȻǾٹ֮Ҳ֤ı֮ġֻǰձµּ⣬ڷְضѡ
ŶǽΪ𣿡оһЦߣ֪Ǽ˫ɡǽ㲻˵ݹַĳҪλԴˣ
䣬˽ԾЩ֪жôҪļ壬𾪵Ըӡ
ûȻҪ߼֮׵ĵţѵҪ߼Ҷ֣Ҫ
гϣҲȫһ˫ȶô˶£ֻ޳ɫȻȻ塭


319 ͭ
˸룬޳ȻɨڳһۣĿͣڷ׵ϣȻ֪ҵǵְʲô
Ȼоһ
ǻһЦݣ޳ЦһǷ֪ΪҪأ˶ȡ𣿡
Ƥ΢΢˶׽˫ͫĬ
һԵ𳤷ЦһԵľǧǰɵʱĴ˾ַӡУ۹˳̩񰲡񱩣һӡֲϣķң²Եְ˵֮˵ԷŰ˼䣡
ةǣˣ
𳤷΢΢˸޳׵ЦŰǧҲֻ̫棬һ̫֮˽ֱСǧ䣬˭ܹˣ±귴𣿷˵ǹ꣬ȴ̫˵ǣͷһ꣬ҪΪʵ۷壬ŽԣҶꣿ
üͷ΢΢˶°ŭȴԶԡ
ȷ£Ѱ֮ҪΪУֻȡ귴ɡ
ô˵ɱûˣǡ
ֿ˿ʯУߵǵ꣬һôɷһ£󸮴ϵô£
۾΢΢һУ޳ɨʯһۣЦʲôý͵ģԣǺô
㡭ͫһɣ˫ȭһݺݵص޳
ȻһЦ޳ҡҡͷˣǵһ͵ˣһмᶼֻԼܣԸǰȻ֪δᣬͽ¸֪°ɡ
˵ţ޳ɫһ꣬̾ҪǶʮǰҵڹѹ˲أʹһӡ޷ʰǴ׿Խ£űŰ˼Ĳ״º޷ٷӡ֮УڴҲȻ֮ˡȻǿӲУҲûӡ´ңˣ
޳˵ñݣʱ㽫˽ӵ¼ңеŻΪѹ꣬˲أȴȻı֮ĵҳӣ˾ұѪʿ
˼Ϊѹ˴˼ҳ֣Щ˵ȥˡ
׺޵ҧгݣȴԶԣʮǰ¼ֻһ֮ԣǣ˭֪أǰô˵ˡ
ǾˣֻҪһҧԼܳģΪ°Σ룬ûٷӡ꣬ױ㲻ܰô
ȻĹһԹصټҺġʱңȴ˭εġ
˿׺ݺҧҧô£Ϊβʱϱ
ϱЦһ޳̾˿ҡҡͷҲǳ֮ˣѵ֪ԭ££˭˵ȲѣƵüˡԸöԶĵףҲԸ֪ɴݺѪԼʣѫҲԸ˲ɰ
ۣ
𳤷粻ȻʧЦҡҡͷ
޳⼸仰˵һԼ̸صĹ˵֮ģأ黢
ڴ£һҪԵų֣ɻᵣһСǼݺҽ޷֮
⻹ģ޳֮ĵǣӡȴΪ
˵ʲô飬֮
Ҫ֪ʷܹշһģֻʵһˡڻ֤ͬߵʣ
һһӣǾǵŻּ壬ȡļ壬Ϊ۹ߡ
޳仰û˵ҲýҴֻаޣȴǾþ˵һ仰
ŵһڳϱ˴˶һۣǰǣȴһ֮ɫ¶Űݡ
ͭÿڲŰ۾΢΢һУװһ
޳΢΢ͷȴǰڰЦϷ򲻹ʵ԰ˣǺǺǡ
ϢһͣײֻתͷȥʯеǵӰŨŨɱ
޳Ƿʵ֮꣬ͱ
븮Ԥԣǧδߵ¡ȻСȻһеõĿܣǾǶв
תٿ˵ȣȻǿѾȫˣİδ֮һηɾʲôͷ
ֻѵˣʯеˣһ֮ɫ
飬׿ǿܶùѡߣػİ
˿׿ŶǵӰͬһ㡣ֻȴʲô飬ֻǵ˿ѪӤ֮¡
ڣԱѪӤҪй֮޲
ڻ࣬һֱػȴʵǸ鷳£
ۣ
̲סһѪ׿üͷһ壬һĲ¡ʱͷ̫࣬ȻܲסҪ;ƿˣ뾡ֲǡ
뵽׿ͫһҧҧ·¶ʲôİ㣬ǰ͵̤һƴˣ
ŶȻʶ꣬Ȼ뱾ΪУ
üͷһ쿴׿һս⣬ȳ֪ҵĸ׶޷ȴǱֻмıӽˡ֪ζʲô飡ߣӶ͵ڸ³ֻ·һ
˵һѵϰĵ
ɽ˸ڻߣҲһȻ֮ɫʮĺٻƺǼΪĿһ
ʯǰ˼龰εҡҡͷ̾Դ֮ʱ׿İܾѶ˭أ
ǣ׿ȴǲмһ૵ѹЩѪָӣԭ걾Ǵףܵģ˭Ҳȷʣ顣Σ
ͫһ׿ȫ״ܶƺеȫۼһ˲֮䣬ȵӱǳħҡ죬ҲͱССĵδ͵飬ƨ
²һݣһ˭Ҳû뵽ڼʶֺ֤׿Ű裬ǲħڻţȻ첻µز£
촽̲ס˶˫Ŀ˲ͨ
ǰҲͰˣ֪е꣬ǻζܲ˵ġ
СףǱѡе֮ˣߣˣĸ׶ó
ڣ׿֪һУȴʼնûа㾴η֮ģȴһ
ԼΪƾ̣Ȼ˵һӣʵĴܴƺǰߣΨ׿ǰȴβ̧߰ͷ­
˫ȭ˽ȻһȻˣӾʹأȨϣ
䣬һצצ
ʱ䣬죬زһɿֲϢȻɵصɢ


320 ׻

һ쳹ص쳹ɫ갿һȦ󣬶ȻЮѹһͷ˴֮С
һ̣ƬزϵҰް˻ǹɿֲѹϣǵĽŵ׷ȴվƬϵǣǺĵѣ
ƺһ̣һͷҰ޾ͻͻȻӵصɴһ
׿üͷҲһƬ֮ɫ
ǵؽ似ǴסʱӸ似ϣҲضɱﵽ֮ܣ
ͫ΢΢һ׿ȫȻ׼书һۣ
¡
ͻȻһ췢ƬضȻѿһͷŽɫâİɾȻӴ˳ֱֱе׿ȥֻצצҪ˺һ㡣

һ죬ɾѹӭڻǧ֮ң׿ȻеΪ֮һͣȻ󾪡
ȻѲµҲû뵽ǿ˵زֱԽκոɱˡ
ȻͨͻһǸ⣡
˼ˣҲһ𺳵Ըӣ˻صһδͻվ߿ʹ
ɽˣ˷ܵ㵸ЦǿһУӹȻ飬޵°СӾ죬ǴӵĶ֣
ǰǰСˣ
˱˴˶һۣǺ죬ڲֹôѪôˣǿСӵˣ
ֻгǵˣЮ֮һУ⣬ĵĵǡеˮǼֹס
˫ͫҲ̲ס΢΢γ̾ǵ꣬ؽ似Ͼ֮ʤѶ첻һеĵһ˰
Ҳ΢΢ͷǾĵطһȫâӰɰȻվϺ޾⣬̲סҡͷ̾Ϣ
ʣ׿пܴܻģȻڵ꣬ϣʵǿϧ̾
֮վⰡ
ǣﰦ̾ƺȻ׿׿ȴ˫֮ͫУȣ˿ûа֮ġ
һֻǱȽǿľѣûаëǮĹϵ
ôֻҪǿǾưԣҲܸ
뵽׿˫֮ͫȻһȻ֮ɫ¿ʼᶯӡ
׿ߡҸԣΥ͵ɣһЦнǷ֮ɫ
һֱݵпǣҪˣܲ˷ܣ
׿ɫĮâ˸ֹ˫ǰȻһͣǽӡƨҲ죬Ӧ㣡
䣬׿Ȼſ
ħɷʽ

һص쳹׿УһȻ
ˣЦһ似ܶԸ˱ӳֵĵؽ似ߺߺߣȻѾǭ¿ˣͶҽ
ߣΪҪԸĵ꣬ҪԪ似ңҲͨ似似мӳ꣬ѵҾͲ似мӵ˽𣿡оһ׿ǲɻһаĻȡ
΢΢һ㶣컹ûعǺܿ죬˾㷢ˡ
ֻ׿ǵһʼǻƽǽ׾ʱȴȻ
ɢ֮һɫâȻըѣű֮ԭ֮ư㣬Ѹɢγһֻʮɳɫ쳤
ǵɢըѣֲѹ˲ǹɽ
̲ͫסһ쾪гʲô
ҪĶ
΢΢֣׿ӲҡҡƺոѾˣȴȻ¶˺Цݣҧܽӳ似УѵҾͲܽȫ׶һ𣿡
̲ס˳飬һޣ뱾ӵȣĪҴӣʲôǶûƾʲôҵȣ꣬ҧ

һ仰ǰɽٴŭһȻ׿ȥĿ·ҪԷ˺һ㡣
ؽ似ӳ˵꣬Ҳǣָ
׿һУмһЦ
ײꣿߣ֪Ц
Ȼ׿֪״Ӻζȴףɱʥ޵Ĵڣһ㷲ɱȣ
ң׿Уһס
Ȼ׿񱩣ȴԼʶģÿ׿ʱױԶֻܿ
ʱ׿мһףȴΪǡ
ǰһָ׿ɱһŭɱؽ似׻죡
ûǵؽ似ڼ׺֮׿Ӳһ似˵ؽײΡ
׿УҲǳһǰͳ˹ȥ
ʱ䣬ӿХը죬رѣ
ֻ֮䣬һһֻȻײһ𣬷صıֱ˵Ķһ
Ǻܿ죬˶ûϵһĻˣ
ǰɾը£Ǵѣֹסɢһҵ˻һɫӰȻ뿪ǰɾ壬췽ӡ
ǵ꣬˻ȥ
⡭ôܣ
̲ͫסһĿɿڴؿһУ˵Ҳȫˡ
Թԣ꣬Ѿ״ص߰ôܱһֻˣԺ㻹ڴϳưԣ˻˵Լ߰
ǵ֪Ļһƿڻ
ѾѾ˸޵ģǶƨӲǵϵߣȴģӼܲ
һȺûʶĶ֪ͱϹƱƣ¶ǶӶǴ˼ҿغʮǧأ
һ˵Ȼֻ֪ǿǵͻȻ˴صİϳҪͽѿˣȴȫһãȻ
Ҳûôô
ؿһУҲ̲ס˼ʱ䣬ȴüͷһ壬΢΢ҡҡͷ׿񣬸־ɫ
ֻСиĶڡ
뵽ΪķҲ̾Сӣ㾿Ǻηʥ
һ棬û˵ļӳ֣ɽʱΪһһͨĵؽ似ѣŰ֮£˲߽⣬Ȼѣ
ţֻٶȲķȥ̶˫ͫУ׿һ㣬ֻ޾ɱ⣡
ôܣ
ݺҧҧƺģΪĵ꣬Ȼ׸Żˡ
׾ʲôͷصߣ궼ǲ
ǣѾûʱ˼ЩˣֻЮ׿ɱ⣬͵ɱ


321 ;ƿ
üͷ̲סͶ˶еһ˾ɫֻĿֲϢһθܵԼв
ǰǴûйģǰ׿ᣬҲδʵһ˿⡣ֻһֱػ
飬ܱһ˴ܣڡ
ܣ
ɽƺҲʶ˴ʱͬǰܹݻһеĴڣһմҲضǣǴһ׷롣
Ҳƽһǵϴ󣬻죬
ǣһȻˣǻûȥ׿⣬ֻűŰ˫ᣬֱ嵽˻ǰ
ͫɵúݺ´󺧣صƣأȻͫһҧҧȳΣצ
䣬һұڵУȻ貵ĹâҲһֻ̣һ嵽ǰ
Űף֮һжɱ촷ۡ
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˵׿ڵһĶ͹ǾҲˡ⴦Σյɽɱ˻죬ҲԼƵվĵز
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׿ĴڣԱʵǸĪв춶˶ֻצĿ⻺׿λá
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Ϊ׵İټ㾡ȫȫûȻû׿ʵɨأǰʧϡ
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ϢһͣԪ㷡
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Уһµģ׿

ˣȻѾȷľǾ͸Ͻ鵤ͻվ󣬸һ׿ĸ󻼰ɣɽϣɨһۣЦ
ɽ˲һ˴˶һۣɻɽʵӣ׿Ȼ֪٣ѵ֪ڣȻˣΪβϽ׷ȥ˻ҪͻΪأ
ǺǺǡ׿룬ȻڲΪ˷֪֮ڣֻ֪ȥһطȾͺˡҲһʱ䣬ڴڼ䣬ǲţͻΪǿʵȵ׼ȫ֮ٷӣЦһȵ
۾һͷȻЦȻ֮⣬Ǳһˣ
˵ţⲼһ׵ķʽ񵤣
쵭ЦͷϸػԼҲ̲һʽµҩʼ
˶۷徳磬һͻƣͻΪĸո֡
ǻ죬ԪǿȽᷭʮֹʱ׿λλ֮Ҳӻħצˡ
׿Σյʱ̡
һ棬һɽǰһֻȫɫâľ񾲾ӿױڣŵûһֻ޸ҿ
ɽ֮УһȫմѪˮӣһϢһϸȥȴ׿ɡ
ʱ˫һۣʷصơ
ڶڵȸʱһۣһƬ֮ɫҪȥΪ׿ҵԵĺȵģȴֵһ뿪ֻ۵ް׿ʬһˡ
һֱһ
һʮչȥһһĬĬռɽһ˿졣ֱºһУ׿˫ɽĳ⣬΢΢۾

ȸſȣһ󻶿У
ǻһЦݣ׿ǿӣһۣοİɣһҵıѪӤû£ҾͲ
ˣȸһ˶೤ʱˣţ׿ʵ

ȸ³򣬴г׿üͷһ壬ƺ֮⣬Ц˰ʱˡ߰ɣȥЩһˣ

ȸһסȥ·ų򡣷·˵ڵӣȥֻ
мȻһЦ׿һֻۣСԴϵƱˣϵɲ֫ͷԼ򵥵çȸϵϲĻϵǰȥһָˣٺٺ١
ȸһ㶣Դԣֻ׿һЦģƺգ
ӵұۣɲǰӵģԼұ߿տҲı۰׿Ĺâ


325 
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ʯǰ˽ʮˣ뾪￴ȥԴǰһս׿ͻ˱ʧֳǰˡ
׿ĳ֣Ҳ˳СǻŰ
ֻǿǲ԰׵ɫҡҡ׹ΣǱ֪֮أ¸ûһ˿ת
֮£ӦҸƧú˲ǣȻĴ߶ȴ̫ˡ
ѿһУӯӯ૳㡭ֺαء
ȫ֪ʱ˿̣ܶѾָ۷׷ף׿ֻǻšˮŰ׿⴦Ȼͣ˽Ų׿ǿյĵ棬һ˿֮ɫ
˲һ㶣Ǻɣôˣ
ֻгǡѵŮף׿ڵʮǰѦ㡣
˿Ȼص³׿·ǿѹеİˣ૳İɣ׿Щһʣȥظ㣬ο֮飡
ôĿƾ⸱ӭ㵹ĲǸѾͷЦȻ׿δ䣬һХȴͻȻ쳹˶ߡ
ţƿ죬ĵӰȻ׿ǰۿȥǻˣȻʮΧ׿ΧסȴϸʣĸӣȫΧˡ
⻹µģ˾֣Ϊ׿ĵǣ˾ȫѾͻƵΪ
˵Ƿ񵤣ҲȫһͻƳɹ֪һ£ۼһ¡
񿴵̥ǣʵǿʮֹ˱ֹסľ
ǧʮǰʹﵽվΪˣûгֹأڣһӱĳĸȴ˾첻ѡ
رǻԪǺ޵ҧҧ˫ȭաһܹҲͻվΰ
ǣĳСӣԸҲԸԼϵʵд
Ҳˣĸһع飬ƾվΪضļԭмвȨλ
һˣλ˴˿˿н硣
ǵŮĶᵽɤ۶Ǻĸǿߣ׿һˣܹԸˣ
׺Ͷս컥࿴˿Ҳεҡҡͷ̾ӣҲܲˣ
ֻ޳ḧ룬Цݣһϵصģ
̧Ƥɨһۣ׿ֵòԤôţͬǰʲôҲûһ㣬أ૳㿴˰ɣ˶ˡ׿ϣͻΪ㱨𣡡
ͫһɽ˱˴˶һۣϽһƬɻ֮ɫ
׿ѾɵĸѾͻվƶûã֮ʵ֮ʱ㻹˵ʲô𣿺ߺߣѾȫ̽ˣЦһȵ
üͷ΢΢һ׿̧׿һۣȴ¶һЦݣǺǺǡˣˣ
ѾѾ޵ģѾˣ˵˵Щʲôһ֪ĸվڴˣڲ֮أˣͫһɣǿ׿ЦЦعݣȴɵһ󲻰
쿴ǷЦݣҲ㷡
׿һթ˱ذΧ֮£ȻĪǻʲôУ
һˣ첻²쿴һԷթԪ̽ȥȴûз˿쳣иֺɡ
ѵ˵СװŪթǣ
ʯǰ޳ʱҲǽüͷһ⡣Ƿ֣ԽԽ͸׿ˡ
ЦҡҡԴ׿ûٿһֻۣǾԸ̾޳һ֣뿪ɽǰҪ֮ذݼһϵˣ˷ңʵڲ֮
ʲôѵʲô֪ˣһг
һе޳Ҳͫһźֲ˽ʱһ룬Ҳ
Цҡҡͷ׿ʲôҲֻ֪֪һ£ж¶޳֮Уڰй۲̫ˣ˵ԼҪ˽ԼȻˣζ㲻ǻ˳Ȼɡ
Ƥ΢΢˶ؿ׿һۣһС̽ô˵ˣǰ𣿡
Ҳ˵ôҪǵģǻһаЦݣ׿
²һݣȫɫƺȫ׿˼
ȻСѾ֪ԼһжӲ޳ƣΪλ¶˱ʤı飿ѵ˵ʲôŤתǬ֮ƣ
ƺǿ룬׿سЦһ૳ǺǺǡҵȷǱ޳СӦģ죬㲻Ҳ𣿱Ͼ޳ֻĻ󣬿ɾǶ˶ԣӮˣ
ͫ͵һ̲ס𣬿׿ɫɲ֪ǸŻǲš
ʲôУΣƣ
޳ȴ͵վʯϵǵаݣһһ磬ֻҲͣת˼š
͵һ̧ף·ʶʲôеãѵСϷ֮У֪ӣ㻯ΪתӲһֻǣʲôʱ¡
޳ƺѾµһУȴ֪ϸڣɫѸ
𳤷бƳƳһų޵еһۣЦܵзâߣСӵǻúģ֪㶷ǣºʤתȫ̽ܣҲǴ֡ߣǼϣǸߣ׿۾ǺܶǺǺǡ
Ϣһͣ޳Զԣֻܰŭ𣬸ֻ뿴СӾʲô֣λո֣յľƣܷ̣
һ㣬˵ӣ𳤷Ҳѵé®СӾ
ţԲţ
𳤷Ҳǽʯķоڡķ֣̾ة࣬ҲҪúüʶһ
˫ȭ˫Ŀݺݵض׿ţ۾΢У׿թҡӾͲţ֮λո֣ߵǬܵߵ̶ֳȣ
ǺǺǡˣȷе˵ڵߵǬԼǬߵʤ͸ңʵͻվһɲǣȻӮˣ׿аЦһȻ
ͫһ´ŭƨֻһֱƶѡڱӾͽң㻹γѿ֮
䣬͵׿ȥһȭݺݵس׿ź
׿ڵһҪǻʵˣǱضͷ­飬Խѵ³
ѼˣһУٿмֻ֣׿ɹһ˿ȻЦݣؿֻȭǰԽԽ·˿
ֻȭͷҪǰŻһֻۣӡһᣬͣ
֨
һ̣ɵأڻǾֵĿУӾǶȻͣһ·Ȼһ㡣
Ķ棬׿ЦݣҲԽԽ


326 ׿ļϸ
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ͷ亹ֱðеҡҲܶˣǻŸʲô춯֣
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û뵽׿Ȼ;ƿݵĴʱȻ˹һСҸµǣоηģ˿֪
رǴһȫãɴ׸ȴѡ
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վֲеǿƣֱֱ׿ѹ£ֱѹϢһͣȴû˿ţֻһЦϡ
ͣ
ͬǵӡһ䣬׿ЦҡҡͷҲ͸˵Ѿˣ
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ͬģһ㣬ɽҲȻͣӣͫһ͹һؿ׿аЦݣǲ֮ɫ
ǵӡȻҲܶˡ
龰ʯǰ󺧳нһƬã֮ɫ𳤷޳Ļϲ֮ʱҲȫˡ
С֮ǰʲôֽţܽУһ췭̣
ûȻף׿µĿڴֻڴʱſȥģλǣҲһԴԺ벻о
ͬģΪ˵ĻǣʱҲ뵽ܣȫһ󺧵ؿ׿뾪г㡭㾿ʲô
ؿãûг׿ֻЦţֱ˶öëȻʮҲȻŵ㷲ʱȻӣΪ飬֮ˣѵСʱгϾû˵İ˵ĶҪҳԣ
ʲôҡǳʲô
ͫһϾɲϸ˼ͻȻ·뵽ʲô㣬еĪǡǵҩ
صͷ׿¶Цݣ̹Ȼϵû¶ˣǰƷ鵤񵤡ֽţҲ˵ΪͻվԲųˣ
ôܣ
һ˻࿴˿ȫԸӡʵ񵤣Ȼǰֽŵġ
һǷƷ鵤񲻸һˣ
ǡǻ˺׿ֱ۲ģַ׿ǵģôᡭѵ˵
ͫ͵һ˷·뵽ʲô㣬ٿ׿һۺ󣬱أȻһɶĺ
ѵ⡭ҲԼһұۡ
ƺѾ룬׿Цһ΢΢ͷѾµˣûұ۲ǻ˺ģҹ͸ģ
һ˽Ծ
޳һ˲Լһӣ˫̲ͫסز˲׿ļ֮ΪĿģֶεĺֱӶ
˭뵽ΪϹ׿ȻԼһ۰óȥ
ʱ˿̣ٿǶһۣ͵׿Ȼûа˿ͬ顣ɫ԰ףһȺΧţףħ
ȺȺΧŵͷƤޣ
ǺǺǡû뵽ɣ֪δܹʵʤһǰ´˾֣ͣʤ֮£־֮ʱΪѾһϢٹκв˾裬ԹԵطΪ׼Ķ
׿ȻһЦ¶һаЦݡ
ʵһУ֪ףٸˮʱڲˡһƬ̶ʱ뵽˾ΥϼѪѵĿ˵֮
ǣԼûбǵĹǣ׿ǰúһС
ڼʱ׿ȷ˷񣬶Ҳһе츴𡣵ȻȻãˣǱһ㣬һ̡
ͬ׿ǰ˵ģ޳ƣȫ̽ܣͬһʱ䣬ҲԻӡ
޳Ҳ벻ġ
Ϊһ£ƣڱӦӲϾĻ˼ƣ׿ȴ֪ͬѱ޿ɱܣҲȥӦԣһףȥߣΧκԡ
ģ̣
ضǸħӰɫŵòҰף޳Ҳȫ
벻һ޵У˳ᢣȴǱ׿һŤתǬһ˵ҲΪ׿ֶι죬Ԥϡ
ǰ˾ǰˣļϵĽ޳òϣһ֡ңؼһ֡
ǰ漸һֱӮһˣҲҵһͿء
𳤷תؿһۣЦǵĲһֻСӣʥǺǺǡ
̲סһ飬޳ŭ޴й
һ棬˼ãţⲻܣûзöҩ˼Ʋô첲Ҳˡңƿҩϣз׵ķ⡭
Ϣһͣ˵ͻȻͣӲתԴŵؿϸλá
аЦһ׿૵ӡôǺǺǡûƿҩû׵ķӡĽӦܹʶⵤҩ⡣ӡǰ򿪵ģ˵ΪǸողǰ򿪵أ
ϸ㡭ݺҧҧݺݵص
˻ԣϸɨһۺȴǴ̤׿ȥȻ󾲾վ
龰˸ŵشϸȻ׿ˣ
ѵ㶣סˣʲôʱֶôˣҩϲǾӶɳˣ˭뵽СӾȻͶ׿
Ҫ֪׿ɱʦ֮𰡣ҩ׿˾ˣôᡭ
û˾׿ֻһֱЦţг޾ûҵˣһƣҲͨѶ򣬰ŸģûзµĵҩҵҶƿҩĺۼҲڸǡ
һ˲۵Сɫȥȴϣ˰˾ֵתһƣ˵³û
΢΢֣׿Ƴϸһۣɵĺܺãһ
л׿ܼңϸ΢һȻ
ϲˣһŲ˲䳹߰˿飬ҩĵӣţҩĵλҲͣôƫƫͶ׿أ
һĿ֮£ĿŵͶֱмǰžžҩ
źͽ˱˴˿˿Ҳһس°̾
ڻǣǾȻ̸۹׿ǽǵĹͬһ㣬ڼˣ̾ΪֹȻճжڹȥʵǷ˼
һ˵ǻˣӣҲ벻׿߷ߵļϸȻϸ˰ɡ
ϰһУĿͨ죬ϸĻ쵰Ȼ䵽ȥͶɱʦˣʵڲҩĵӣ֮䣡
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۾΢΢һУϸǳ޵˫ͫУȻһ˿ܰһֲֻԾؿڡزһö̵򡭡


327 Ϸ
׿Ż˵棬ؿڵҲܼ򵥣ֻһ仰ȴֱʱȻѡ
Ϊʦҩɣ׿ģҩĲ˳׿ܼΪʦ
ظܵϵǵ겨ʦɣ١˿еϢʱֹס
ʦûھҡң񻹹ò
һ뵽׿˵ĻҪµʦǰʾн˼
Ǻһǰ׿޵ˣȻȻص򣬳Ϊ׿ϸܸ׿ͨ籨š
뵽ϸ˫ͫһɣϰ۾ȳϰˡӽ쿪ʼСүҸҩκιϸѾˡܾ֮Ҳûκʸѵң
Ϣһͣϰͨ죬ظȴҲ˵һ仰
С֣׿Ժ󣬺ٻȻʼҶײˣǰһٸӵҲ򲻸Ұڡ
ȻʧЦһ׿ɨһۣϸͳ˵ĺãӵܾ͸ƣĸ˾ǱΪһʲô
׿ԣȻһµİ
ϸһѪڣ̧ͦͷԴһƬ֮ɫƺֻصˣʦҩÿװÿɵʱ
Ҳ̾׿Ȼͬ죬ĿѹԹҲ˳ѹʦȻ᲻ҩͶ˹ȥⲻûɵġ
˼Ҳһݣ
֮£߼ϵģҲֻ׿ˡԴ˿ԽԽţˣڷ֮ư
һʱ䣬ǿ˵񣬷׷
ǣȴû˵񣬷ǽʯһǵؿ׿
׿ȻѾռţһơ
һ׿Ѫۣһ۵ӣѱֹסۣ
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ǣʱ׿ѪͷɱˣȻ߼ҴսΪ֮㣬߼սбضΪڻңҸ߲㲻Ըİɡ
ˡ
ǲ֪ǣҸ߲ȻһȺˣ˶׿־ΪֻҪ׿Ҫ򣬾ƴľټ壬Ҳں
Ȼ׿Ļϲ⣬Ҳ־֮Сˣ׿ÿһû˿ɡ
׿ľ˵ľ
ǻŸʲôʵһϣһɱͻȻ۾һǷȻ˳Ƕֽŵ񵤣岻ʹˣЩûгԣܶ׿вǴ
ǳҪҪǵƣǲ군ˡ
ɽƺҲʶһ㣬ɼ
ǣûЩ˶˵һһβʮֻж͹ǾΪĸӣ˫һգʶصȥûϢ
׿аЦؿ˵ӴʱȻǲˣӵԪǸһվĳ̶Ȱ
һɫһ̾
뵽ϻ˯ˣȻϻħЩС඿õأ
һˣңǺϣˡ
ΣͻȻ̧ͷ׿Ҫˣ㶯ĸ͵ڸļһϰٸ忪սе𣿵ʱǻʵۣҲûά˰ɣ
ս
üͷһϸֻ֪лҺͶս커ţȴǸ֪ʵһ㷡
ռңΣǲ̫ˣ
׿ȴһ̣Ц԰ɱǾ͵ڿսˣҺ°ӿɴûиɹг𲻱顣ôأ
׿Ϊѣ˼Ž֮һŵؿ׿ϣСԴΪأҪȻǿСˡ
ǻ죬飬ĺܣܾʹ䣿
ˣ
ͻȻ׿˸ָŵһаЦȻ뱨ҪӴϲñɱǲ硭ǵɣ
һ㶣˻ԣǺܿ죬׿־һ䣬˱ԶˡǣҪԪȴһ㶼᲻
ǵΪȻȫסˡ
ۣ
һ췢ؿڶȻһĴָСѪֱ۵ͷð亹Ծظӡ
һ޵УδܹˣڵⱬѪʹ࣬ȴ̲סʹ飡
ۡ
ţһ챬ɽʹõڵϣͷ亹
׿㡭ô֪׿ù첻ҧʵҪɱ͸ʹģˣС
ʹ죿ǺǺǡǸʹ𣿡
üͷһ׿ŭЦǷģ˵ǵ죬һĻᣬ;ʳԣ
ǰĶڣǾǵıţ׿ָָˣȻ
һֻһѪӦһţɽѪǶţϰѪĸѪ
ֱ˴˿˿һƬã֮ɫ
׿һЦһϷҸʱܺѰԿףܹҵҳɹͨţӻǣǵ㱣סˡڴ֮ǰҵˣٺٺ١Ǹ⣬ҪǾͱٹҲ˴֣һ·ˡ
˵ţ׿йâһŵԿףһӱӵգת۲Ӱȴɢɽ䡣
ϸڸһ䣬롣ҳ鵽ĸ룬ͻῪʼ׷ĸŵˣ༸ˣϲǣʱȫˡȻδ˵ˣ׷֮ǰһͷźŸǿ⣬ɾȫˣ
¶һ˿ϷŰĻȣ׿һƣˣǿԳˡסǧҵม
кɲ˱˴˶һۣȻһԴɢȥ
Ȼ׿ϷˣǣҲΨһ·ֻȥһˡ
˵ıӰתʧϸ׿׿ܼңҪɱǣǣɱǣαô鷳ǷǵĻ
ߣôܻǣ
Ȼһ䣬׿˲쳣£ϸ𣿡
£һ㶣ϸ˼΢΢˵ԴȴһƬɻ֮ɫ
ҡҡͷ׿㲻ֻǸĹȻʱЦŵģֻ֪ҿĶѡ֪ԼҪˣһǳ־壬ֿ־壬ĥ죡
˵׿˫ȭһգ˫ͫȻ죬ݺݵҧԣһҪĸ˵ձ־Ƶζ
²һݣϸؿ׿΢΢ͷ
ڲף׿ûʲô֣ҲûҪŹǡֻǣñѦң
һˣϸҲ飬ĬĬ뿪ȥɭ￲Щľʼӡ׿ҲڿյϣĿ
ճʱڹȥڵĳ֮ʱ׿Ȼ˫һɱ
ԣϸضһֻոõСľУһƬʲôҲǣȴ˻˵ˡ
ԣʼ


328 ܰɣ
һ֪ĸùأ
Цһ׿ûпǺһۣ˦̽˽ȥܿʹǺĿռУһƬľ
õǰһֻؿһӬͷС֡
ģ
ŶĺţǻһаĻȣ׿üͷһת׿ϸЦĺ˭Ҷˣ㻹ǵ𣿡
һϸͷţ׿ܼңĺǴ磡
ŶͷǸùһУҺרŰΡ찲ţȻǵһײǹϵġǺǺǡ治֪зɷˣ겻ˮ
ȻʧЦ׿ڰֵˣɣ;ðɣ
һЦ׿˦һָ
ವһһ죬ʱըھ֮ųĶ𻨣ӳɽ϶һƬͨ졣
СӵĻ죬Ȼо죬׿ȥȻϸ˼ףĶ𻨣ǾĺˡСӣָõùˡ
ҡͷȴһƬο
մ˿׿İϷ£ûĻ׿Ҫҵĵһ˿϶Ŷԡ
ڣ׿ѰʱиʱȥԿˡ
΢΢һһѺƻľʯз貹ԣæӿŲȥѰһԿס
ֻҪѻԿףܰȫˡ
뾡²УĻ˭֪׿ʲôʱɵ磬ڶԲĵù˭
ҪԼĻǾ군ˣ
ȻһеǸtȴǱøˡ
ϰɽ׿յѶźȻһΪ׿Ѿʼжˣ׿̬Ϸǿ
Ǻܿ죬ֳһϾ׿ĵһĿĺţ磬ǻȫúܡ
Ҳףҵ׿һĿ¾ˣô˵Ϊ⣬׿Ҫ׷κһ˶򵥵ĺܡ
ԣҲϽӿٶѰңŵҪ
ǣֻЩȶѣһ˵ĸȴȫһˡ
Ү̫ˣľԿףȻҵˣӵǺõ
һƬɭּ䣬˫ֽ߬鷢ӯӯ̹ľʯӯ
û뵽˫ɽתһ£ȴûҵľԿףȻ뱻ҵ
˵ֱ찡
ֻҪصǸľǰԿײ룬ţͿ԰ȫصˡ
ô׿Ϸȥ⣬׿Ҳû׷ɱˡ
׿ˣ׷ᣬǸҳϿţսͷάǰΣҲ޼ɵס
Ļ㳹ױסˣ
˿ֱҪŲ񷶥ĤݣлھһءյùһɨգһΡ
ǣյݣո¶һ˿񵭵ЦһȴȻԶ𣬽űĶ˶Ļ𻨣Ƭնӳó죬ͬҲϲõݣӳú˵ġ
үΪף𣬺ǺǺǡ
߽ЦЦһһ㣬ǺܿɫһӦ˹
үôԵ޹ϷŻֻΪġĸΪӡʱܹʹеģҲֻǸ׿ˡ
ô˼ѵǷźţʾµϷҪʼ
ոĶ𻨣òǵһĿ꣬ĺš
뵽̲סһ飬ŽӲŲӵԴԼؿλáǰĸѪۣ
̵ģӾĺţ
ǲһ綼޳ˡ
ΪԼתϾҪӳˡû뵽׿һҪԵĿԼ
һģ˲䵽˵֮С
תˣֱòˣ
үˣǲǣ
ۺᣬһ󵨲ίҪ˵˭˭ˣǶСѾͷɱƻǴûǶǻʹϰɽָɵġ
׿ҪҲӦ˲Ŷԣ
ΪΣһҪǹﲶɱģԼأҲ̫ƽ˰ɣ
粻ᣬɰͰ͵ʲ񷣬֪ǰ·ںηھָоûбˣֱù͸
һ׿˺Ĳ˵һֻҲ׿жģ׿ҪΪСѾͷˣɶûɣȴǵһɱĶ
⾿ײʲôù˰
һˣͻֹֹס
ܿ죬Ҳûﰦ̾ˣôѾҵԿףֻҪ˳ľǰǾʤ
Ǻ˵ȾܡȻֻһֻȣٶɲǰ
Կĳƺţɲǰģ
Ȼڴʱһ˸׿Ӱ˲׿⣬Ȼ磬ѾǸźˡûӵһҪɱĶ󣬹Թɣ
ʲôôô졣˵ôһҵԼģ
һһۣ׿ʱȴ̲סŵĵѣ磬ͷһɣλļƻǻָʹɽȥִеģȶһ㲻Ҫȥһң޹İ
һߵǰܣһȴ־־壬ְֱͷϸ亹ֹסð
һЦ׿ؿǰǸӰȴҲ٣ôڰȻص૵˵û֮У޹ġûа취˭óǩһͳ鵽أϷҶģȻϷҪֵĻ͹үΪûɣǺǺǡ
ϵݸӱݣһֱƴ٣ȴ׿ľ룬̾һ
˰ˣȻˣǾͻõùɣαػࡣǼģ˿ֱųνϷҲǱϷˣѡ
Ǹʹʹɣ
ţ糤ٶ¡
оһ׿ƺ룬ɵ˵Ҳԣĺ޹ҿľŵԿף·һ֮ڣӲֻ֣ҪһڸϵľŴصǣӮˣٲ鷳
ģ
۾һϾҪ磬ȴǵʱ˸ɾٴμӿ֡׿һЦô⣺Ҿ棬һ֮δ϶֣
缱æͷһΪһĭһɲܷڣ
ǺǺǡ׿Ϸ棬ڣһϷŰ֮ɫ׿
ԣ粻дϲٴηݺǰţһ·ЪͷǺˮҲԽ顣
߰·̣ǰһ·̻Ҫ࣬ȴɲںǿűܣ
׿ôһֱţ俴һУһŨŨɱ⡣
ߣ㵱ΪӻŹ㣿ֻѡһʺϵѣǸ֮йصˣһҲ
ͫһɣ׿°߳


329 ʺϵ
磬ѹ׿ȻǰƣӰȻ
ڴڴŴ籾Ѻ䤱ٶȣһԣȴҧҧӿ죬ͣǰӡ
ʱұ㶯֣
Ϊ֮£߸ʱ·̣һ·ٶȲٶȵĻϣڲϼ٣ڴʱ˿̣һȻֹסزЬҲڲϱгĥˡ
һֻĶţҲھĥѪݡһ·ϣ˵Ѫ
ʱ˿̣ڳǿȵıϮ£ͣϢһ
ǣ׿Įȴǲʱڱͣ£ǽԼƬɭС
ûа취ֻһֱǿԼȥȾ־壡
ĸʱ
ǵĵʱٴܵûͷԣէԣȴǲһеôô죿
˵ţ̧׿죬ʱ
ǣԴո̧ವһһĮȴǶȻǰŵһС
ʱ㻹пտʱסʱ䲻ˣǲȫϵĿĵأҾšԴ׿һ̣Ц
粻һɫ˲ɷףҲֻͫһȻټӿٶȣĿĵһ·񱼡
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ڣವһƬɭ֣һ˶ߵɫʯʱǰľš
ʯǰˣ֪ǰ׿˶Ϸ򣬿ϷŰǣǺܶ˶Ϊⲻ׿ڸԼ̨µɰˡ
׿ԴΪأŵĴ˺棬һɷŹǶѡ
ǣǿԵһ̣ȴ˲侪ˡ
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˼ˣҲ΢΢ͷȻСӱŰòˣô˻·԰ȫع顣
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һ˽Ծô˺ö˶˾ͻˣҲû׿ְ
ϸҲɻ󣬲쿴һûʲôˣ׿ܼңôŪģ
ģģģ׿һЦȻ
ϸһ㶣ϸɻ
һѾͻվĸ֣Ȼ⿪ʲôЦ
Цһ׿ؿһۣҷΪһжֻܿԪĵطԶȫʢʱܵҲҪʱաҸ˵һʱһڲֻƴȫﱼܣһʱ
һ֮£󣬲ҶģҲ֪ĪϣĿ־֮ģͻȻϣ󣬵ָʱѵϣϱɾһϲ󱯣󾪴֣ת֮£ŭѪģȻھ֮Уһлҷû
Ҳ˵ģҲģǾģ׿ϸһЦ
ϸһ㷡
Ȼ֪׿ֶκû뵽˵زȻһŪϾɥ龳ٽŪ
һʿĭϸһСʵ׿ܼңûһڵأ
üͷ΢΢һ׿аؿ˿΢һͷСǱʲĳƺţܵõȷ죬ڻһʱŵһʱ䡣һ·ɫԼ֪ʱ˵ˣˣȻȻ
ôһܵˣȻԼܶȣˣǲʺ
׿ЦЦᶼˡ
˺ϸһݣȻأ׿ǿЦֹӰһ
ħ


330 һĿ
ˣѺһù˭
׿ЦֹܿͫһѾȲҪһϷˣ
ʱ˿̣׿ħͷħԵһ棬չǰ̲סз
һʼǻ׿ܻΪ˴֣Źˡڿˡ׿ôһϷҪŰɱǣ
׿еĳޣȻȫ÷ֶθ˷ָмʶˣ̲סëȻ
Ҫ֪жôңŲ׿ҵǣͻԾ˰ɡ
ҡҡͷ˲̾˿߼ҲãҲգ׿ħֱһĴ󰡡
ϸһؽӶ˵׿ǰ׿ЦһȻȥһóһľ
ŵ֣׿¶Цݣһɱߣԩ·խһҪɱģȻף
˵ţ׿һľ򣬽ӶľλãԾ˿֡

ûɱѦִߣţɽ
һâ׿˦һָ
ݣ
һ⻮ƿգֱʱըʵƿУըѳѤĻ𻨣
ϰ춯һæ̧ͷȥ𻨣ٿһؿѪ
̫ˣҺòԼ
ףԼҲһʱȰˡ
ԣ׿ųڶöźţ˵ѾƨˡһĿ꣬ǶɽҲ֪СܳŶãٹˣΣվͻ䵽Ƕͷϡ
ǲûһ˿ɵ飬ӽžΪ׿ħצһǱƽ
׿˵һ㣬£ȴʱ̣Ϊ¡
ʱ˿̣Ƕµʱ̣ǻ죬Сһ޵еûŵõľ
Դһ춯Ϊ׿ַųźˣŵֹס¡
ڵԼŭԼߣ˵ӣǣǹܲסԼǿҡҡ׹ġ
׿ϷǳװƵˣϾʧ
һ棬ոҵöɫʯɽȴǶȻһڿбѣըõȴȻɵˡ
صͷһؿڵѪûȻǶţ׿ħ׷ɱĶ
ɵãɽһ񣬶پضתȴǿҪιȥˣи̲ס
磬ƽﲻܵôôôͱ׿ҵɵˣҪӼʱ䣬ǲ͵þ
ߣǷǰǷȻǷһöûУ
ɽиֹ̲Ҳ˲һֱˡ֮Ǿ˵أñ׿׷ϲǡ
ҺطŲԶٶȴŰʱͿɵһͿͨŻȥôͳװȫˡ
뵽ɽ˵ϰȾܣ׿ոʰ磬еʱ䡣
Ǻɽʼһ·ͣĿ񱼣Ҳһֱûг׿Ӱⲻİ
Ĳ²ǶԵģ׿ħһʱ׷
ǣವһ֣ŽɫâĽѾǰʤŮƵƵʱȴ䲻ͫһֹס˸ʱͣ
ΪģֻǵϣĴţϤӰ
ͽϸµĶħ׿
ʯǰ̾Դһͷ£ҡҡͷѽ˼ҶˣȻĳˣͶ
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һʿĭɽ׿£ŵ˫ȷֹסȥһ򣬵ʱˤڵأȻæǰʹĵ磬ҰɣҾǸġԸǹ£޳ıʹҲǷ°ҪǺˣҾǸСඣǸƨҷ˰ɡ
УʲôһͷһϸˣмƲƲ죬ЦȻһǰδеĿС
׿죬Ȼһǰ߸ϵĴڶԱˣʵ̫ˬˡ
ʯǰˣɽǷŧҲ¶˱֮ɫ
ڤȹɽɫϾɽΪ֮һĿɲֻԼڤȵ档
ڼΪ⣬׿УһȴͷģϾɥʵǰڤȵˡ
߼һֱǸ߸ϣϲӵĴڡڣǿ߼ҵȴûǰôˡ
ν߼ҵľӢӣҲˣǿҲ˿ͨ廹һЩηӢء
Ƚһ£ʱν߼ңǿˡ
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һˣƲһ羴ؿݷһۣ°̾
ϵϵȻôͷ˹ϵʵǶ߻۰
ݷƺע⵽˶Ŀ⣬˰Դһ֮ɫ·˵ƣ㿴˰ɣǼеʣ֮ۡ
һ棬׿俴ǰǸͷ絷ӰһɱôľǣҲָʹģ
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׿˦׼£ɽҲŵñסԴȴͻȻһͣˡô˵ҲⴿľǣѪۣ
Ǻ׿¯ָɽЦþʹ𣿺ǺǺǡΪ㻹ûӵֶΡ


331 ɴ
㡭ֶΡ̲סһɽһؿ׿֮ɫ
׿ԳһֱչթпֶΣֻ⼸֣ɽȻŵĵˡ
֨
ͻȻɽ˲䲻ܶˣͨһȥ
׿ǰйâһóһ«аЦɽǲǺ֣ԼжҿˣλҶһ
գգ۾ɽã㷣ȴû˵ֻǵľؿ׿֪Ҫʲô
ǺǺǡҽҲܹʵǲжڱҼ˺ȺһһħЩħͨԲܵȥηҶܸ֪õ
׿Ǻ«򿪣һֻֻѪɫĲϳһһ˳
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ڣڶ׿ħǾ൱׿ڷ׷ܵӲ׿ġ
νϷһʼѾ˽֣׿һλһǣƿһСǲе϶ѣ˭ӵˣ
һˣɽ̲סЦ
ǻһϣѰԿףҪѰһԭһʼѾˣǱɣ
ƺǿ룬׿аЦҲ˱ۣʵǻʤġδػȥץˣֻҪܹľˣȻ㹻ʱҵԿܣ
㡭ʲô˼²һݣɽִ󺧣ֵؿ׿һ˿
˸׿˫ͫһ֮ɫӵ˼ڣ׼ˣ
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ǺǺǡʲôһ£Ⱦʹвһ׿¶һ֮ɫ

ͬʱһİȻ˵ĶߡЩ䶯Ѫϣǧֻһɽϣֹסڴȥ
һߴܣһſϸϸСҧţֻգ֮䣬ɽȫѾһϸܵѪա
ݣҲʹֱ鶯¶̲סضţҪҧԾȴǱڵѪϿ壬Ų졣
׿ƿŵǾ߲ϾεӣɫȻ͵ǧֻѪϣƽʱιԾѪġǵѪǳԱǾΪһѪͷѪҲײںˣôһǿԺúñһˡǺǺǡ
УǵСȴܷҿᰮ˺ҧ񾭶ͷԣӹҪʹˡʹ࣬ھǳİٱϣһǺõģǽʳٶȺϲʵĻһһ߽ʳһֹ߰Ѫ㲻ôģԺúһˣ
ɱҰɣɽҧһͷڱŰҰް㣬˻
׿ȴǲмƲƲ죬ЦͲˣܵʹ࣬ΪӶȡʱ䰡㲻Ǻʲô
ӣɱңȥˣûһ˰ǵĺڹ˰ɽʹ򶼿챬ˣ˻
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׿һЦȥǾԶڵأУֻɱĺڲơ
ϸһԿѣѱ亹ʪ͵ۿһҵİУɫȻ׿оη֮
λ׿ܼҵĸ治ǸǵģǰŰ裬Ҳûһù˲̵ֶΡ
ʶλħݶһˡ
ʯǰˣĻ棬ǺҲһ󾪼¡ѦѦף׿Ϊ𣬵ǲпֶȻǵľֱӡ
ʱ˿̣ǵǾãɱ֣ɽΪ׿Ǹࡣ
ܺ˶ͬģǾ͸ˡ
ʱ׿Уֻһ򲻿ǵħ
Ǻ㣬ʱһһţɽĺȴûֹͣ
һɽƤǱѪϿʳԶԶȥĿȫǣֱһմˮĸʬȫһƬͨ죬ȴûһѪ
ΪЩѪѱѪֹסˣɽڳɤ˻
ڶ죬ɽȫʳȫֻʣһ̲̲⣬ڵϣû˽ᣬɢһѷ档
ǣɽɳɤӰš
죬ɽȫҲԹˣȻſУȴѺ˺ֻ죬
죬ǧֻѪϿʼʳɽĹ

ֱھ죬ɽȫѱʳǲ֪⻹⣬ЩѪϾȻһЩܹάûԱۿ⸱һ̲̱ڵϣ¶ûйͷûм⣬ѾεԼ
ϸգգ۾⸱ĵĳ棬ֱҪŻ³
ʯǰˣǱп̷ŵŤͷȥԼٿ
ɽ˫ĿʪҪ׿ɱˣȴҲ˵һ仰ΪɤӡǡͷЩ޹صĶѪˡ
ֻмѪܣżǿ֤šĻȴǱ˸ʹ򱶲ֹ
˫ͫ׿Ƴҵһۣǰ񣬵𣿡
ͫ΢΢תתɽǼУΪƤҲѪϿʳˣѱʾ롣
׿Ȼ˽˼
۾΢΢һУ׿ס׿ܼң
һɽæ˶飬ʾסʯǰˣҲһݡ
׿˻˵Ƕһɽ˵ģ˵Ƕʯǰм彲ġеĺ壬Ǽˡ
ʶıŵԡ߼Σңжҡ
˶⣬ʼеС̣ЩǸŵļ壬ʱҲ˼ж
йصĻǾʹҲܲˡ
Ҵܼ׿ֶΣҲ̫趾ˣǲ𰡣
׼ˣдοСһףɱӺЩҲ֮Ϊˡ
ԪȴɫΪѾʶˣ׿߽ǵǧ
˶ԶŵĻǵγư
һʱ䣬и߲㶼׿зޣҧгݣȴûа취
׿һ֣ЩѪϱѸٽɽʣµอ١Ѫͷ­ɴٶȼֱһգ۾ûˡ
ɼǰ׿˵ʲôѪȫƭ˵ģҪĥһɽѡ
ˣԼọ̈̄ڲֵʹˣɽ˲
ϸæ׿ǰľеϵ׿ܼң룡
ˣ
׿˻֣һâ޺޵С˷̫ʱ䣬ǸҪˣ
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332 
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ħڰԵĿⶢˣ
أȻһЦݣкݺ߬߬Ѫľʯһľ⡣
ٺٺ١Ѿˣ
ңң˿ǰĵ·ǰ񱼣һƬյ˷֮ɫ
ʱ˿̣ȻöŵԿףžھԶĵطٶȣһʱܵ
ǿո׿źλãȴԶĹƣ׿׷ġ
Ϸʤվߣ
ǺǺǡɽɵĺܺãȻܰħôʱ䣬ӳ󣬻øлһǣ
ǻһаĻȣЦҲ⡣ΪҲˣӹȻߣүң
ЦһٶȲȴԽư
еһУﶼ·찲źõġ
׿ܹװɱˣȴ֪ĸԣôһϷϷУ׿ɱˣȴƫƫڵôʱ䣬
ӣ߻һͳµ漣
뵽еİɫЦ׿αӾӮһءߣҵʱߺߺߡ
ŨŨɱ⣬ټ¸켸

ৣ
ʱһӰһƬïܵĲݴбӳһˮţȻǰܣûһ˿
ͫһ첻ϲɫ
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׿һʼɱˣѾȫʤȴƫҪһһĥ󷴶ˣȴֹסϧ
Ⲣǻжô˼ɺޣʵΪ׿ϧѼӷˣ˭ﶼζ
䣬ƺ׿žǿߵĺɡ
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ô˵ҲǧѵõľţǵҲⲻ𰡣
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һεĲȻһĹȻֱϾƶˡ
ؿǵ˴첻¶һ˿ԵõЦݣ׿ǱӮˣϾҪȫȥˡ
λҲһ󼤶ʯķ˫Ŀͨ죬˷ֱܵӡ˫Ļ޲Ͻȥѻ
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龰λ̲סݳ˳ա޲óȥһ١
ӣƽʱͷҲͰˣΣͷ첻ˣٰ࣬ǲ̫ˣ
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ڳһΣа̾Ǿ벻һɧĳΪλǰ䡣
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׿ڻϣ¶һЦݣڴ˼ڴЦ죬ˡողѾˣӿɾˣٺٺ١
׿Զľ룬ô׷ϡת׿һѹϵӰݺݵǻ;ȴǲ˵ˣΪȻһС
׿һֻɫľ񻺻䣬ϸı׿ߡ
׿һЦ˰ɣȻûһֻȸȸٶȼҪڶʱ׷㣬ǲܵģ
̲ͫסΰ̾һ
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۾΢΢У׿ؿһۣȴЦߣҪ԰һи
䣬׿ȻȥһҧĶϣȻ͵˺

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ʲôߺߺߡ㲻ҪôӾͳȫ㣬ʬӸ֮ڣɱɽ˰ɣ׿һЦɢѪĹâ
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׿ǻ̵Цݣ˫۱ͻ¶ԭӢӣʱҲǼŤͷ亹
׿ߣңһǴݺҧҧͻȻź
Цһ׿ںҡҡԴٺٺ١ǴһֱУѵʲôǴ𣿱˵飬ԼѡıӻΣҸԣ񷣬ҲҪͰɣ
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޳Ԫ˼ˣȴ¶յЦݡ׿壬ֱԪȴ򵲲סġ

һӰǵֱֱ׿ֱԴһʹ۵һ̲ס³һʺѪˮȴԪȻش
׿ɻһʹģһҲˡӣȻɱһߣ귴ɣʵԼ
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һ䣬׿ͷȻһɫĻ棬ȼա
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׿ַͷ쳤ЦϽǷ֮ɫһ󲻽⣬ϸЩɣ૵׿ܼңôˣ
ŶûʲôֻڳЦ⼸ȻĻΪһһ·
ϸգգ۾ɻ׿ˣаЦһ͵ʵһʼҾѾȫ׼ЩѪͨѶֻҪĸ׳뿪ɽʮ֮ھͻԱǻһֱΪ·ƴ룬ֻڱϷˣѣʵǿЦ
һʼϷҾʤߣݺһץȭͷ׿˫Ŀз׺ݵĹâ
ϸһȻһ󷢺ô˵ϰصǣ񲻾͵ǸʱըѾƨô
ƺٴο룬׿һЦµûСӵȷѾûˡңһոԱڶ˵Щˣٺٺ١²£
ǻòôҩ˶ܲ˰ϰȥߣѹҲЩˡ
֪һֱѹԼʦ֣ôǰħϡͿˣϸһʹġǣ֮Уȴû˿ϲ֮顣
֪ģ׿ߣȻģȴҲηúܡ׿ĺգʵ˷ָʹ޵ĳħĶ֣Ҳ̲ס֮ͬġ
ӦǾ仰Ī׿ܼҰ
һλ׿ܼҺ󣬿ʹʹȥһݳ޵ˡ
ͬģǵ˿׿ҲԽӾ
ʵû뵽ϰǻϣӻģȴȻΪ׿ԸҩõĹߡݹֶΣĻʵвͣش
޳ĵ۹ǣҲ̲סΪɵؿǵаӰһۡʱ˿̣׿ȻԽ𳤷磬Ϊĵˣ
ˣǻȥɣ
аЦ׿ٴλصĮ۵ȴİˣǺȥϸ΢һͷϣ
ݣ
Ӱâ˲ʧٴγʱǴǻʯ˳
Χˣ׿񣬶ǿħһ㣬η塣ֻѵŮ׿ȫع飬ɫһϲҪӭǰȥ
ǣǶͻ
챬ĵӰȻ׿ͳȥǿѹ;ˣֹסˣ´󺧡
ˣǻԪλ۷ʵļ
ͫ΢΢һ׸Ҫǰֹȴǽһͣͣӡϸ˼֮£Ĭˡ
սҲۿһУа̾
Ҳһ˭ܺðɡ
ֻѺͳǵһ󼱣ҪְæȴȻˡ
׿СҶԪһһΪĿںţһȭݺ׿ȥ
֮ͣ׿ϸҲϢһֺͣȻ֮ɫλҲȫͷųԼȫʵ
ʱ䣬׿ĴΧȴﶼܲˡ
ȴż
ǻһĻȣ׿һЦǸǱĻǽǰ첻ˡ
䣬һ죬һӰȻǿ͵Ƶʱǰ˲䵯˳ȥ
׿ͫһȻЦþòˣϡ


336 ս
䣡
ĺ컹˶߻ƣ˽̲סŶ䡣̳׿ϸ˵Ӱڡ
Ԫ˱ɳȥڵϣȫ³һѪˮŵȸҳϣΧϣ쿴ơ
ǻԪȴǺݺһ˦ӣƿǰһλϣֱֱض̳֮Уҧгݵ˭Ǻηʥǵŵ£
׺Ͷս˴˶һۣҲ뿴üͷ塣
ΪѾ֪˵ݣֻǻЩ֣Ϊδ˻վ׿һߣ
Ҳǽȥзž֮ɫҲ뿴λͻȻֵ֮£׿һĸ֣ðģ
ʵĳɢ¶һΰһλɫӢʵߣòһ㣬ֱͦͦվ׿ǰǹҪһжǿƣмˣ´󺧡
ˣһλ֮ڣҲ쳣۷ǿߡ
죡
һλųϣ̲סгɻϣΪǵŵĿ⼸꾿ܵȥˣΪһ֣ҪӻСӣǵа
һڳʧɫ
λظ֣ȻǵŹ˵е죿
һȻ鴫ʵˣֲغģ
Ƿ׺Ͷս˼ˣҲɫ䣬üͷ̲ס˶Ȼǲ֪ǰʵΣڵ죬ƣû｣Щ
ϣ
ȻʱһöĽȴǵʱڳ˶ڣűѴˣ˾Уһ·СߣظҿʱϵˣȻ׿ʲô£
̲סһ飬˱˴˶һۣݷɵ߼Ҽɻ
ôССҴС㣬Ȼɷ˵磿
һ̣ķӦȴӲһء
Сİɣ׿ܼҵļƺֶΣô׳µģ룬Ц
ԣڳȴ˲ɵˡ
ʲʲôС㡭׿ܼҡĪǡ
ôأҲҳôöħͷؼ壬أ
ҪĻҵʵֱѾ߼ƽ˰
ǺǺǡⶼϹЩʲôһˡƸǶսһ㣬ҲǱ׿ڲƭӲϵĹϵԲܽפҵġ
ˣҲСˣȻܹҷԴɽ
ҡҡͷ˿׿ķ̾
һЩͨ˼ǣݷɵ߼ҼҲġϾϿɽͽפ壬رĲġ
Ͽɽһãô˸ֽפ壬ǾȫɹأΪηҡ
׿Ҳܽһλ۷һҰɣֱ췽ҹ̷
ݷɵʧЦҡͷЦԼ̫ࡣҹĻǾ͵߼ˡ
ǣû뵽ǣϵģȴǲпطǰ
ϣʲô˼Се㽻飬ڼǰҲ÷أΪҪ赲Ϊ챨𣿡Ԫͫһɣȳ
˫ͫУһЦǺǺǡ˵ĺܶԣϷȻҪΪ濼ǡԣΪҳϵϷ򣬲žԲ㶯Ҵܼҵһëѵ𣿡

˵Դ·һ˶ͭӱݺһ㣬Ժһ˲䵱ˡţ˼ؿķн֮ɫ
𣬻פ˰ҡֻǸϣǣ
ôܣ
ö˶˵ĵſ㲻ƫҪȥô嵱ϣûɣ
ԪҲһؿһ촽þ˵һ仰޳룬ǰһʵϣΪʲô
ߣ⻹˵Ϸ磬֮ȥңȻΪУŸ˵ĶڣȻһЦ
ǴһٴһȻ󲨡
߼֮׵ĵţȻȲһССңʵǻ֮
˻ҪǱ˵ҲͰˣһᳰЦǸɵӡ仰ȴõ׿˵ȫͬˡ
һλ۷֣˴źԴܵһСȥְϣûһôȥأ
һˣҾʲôԽľ֣ӵŸǽڹ
һʱ䣬ȫˢˢؿ׿ķ˶֪ܹλɷħͷ壬һСӸù
ǽŵĹҲ̫˰ɣôأ
̲סһҡͷ̾ϷͿֵǽŵıСҺۿýʵҪȻǱһƱֱȥҲûܰ
֪ǱЩˣ͸׿׿һأ
û˾Ŀ⣬컺תһϱ۵׿вһ˿ʹſ˫ۣݺݵرһӣɫȻ׿ܼңԸɣ
΢΢˰Դ׿ңң˵ŵķߣеĵ֮ˣһ
ĮĻﴫڳ˵Ķϣ뵹һ̲ס׿һۡ
ħȻ˺ҪеŸ߲㣿
ǣ첻ɵӣһˣ͵ڸ߼֮׵ſսǿɲġ
׿޳ͷԣֻ֪˵ǰǵŵĹԵӦЩ飬ҳϣΪ˼忼ǣҲøħܼһ𷸻ɡ
û뵽ǣ˵ݺ׿ļȻŤͷ˵ķȻ¶˳ɱ⣬Ҫִ׿ɱƻ
ˣһȺ˶׿ˣ
ڳ̲ס̾׷ɢܡһλոֵĴɱǿɲǣȥ
ݷɵ˱Ȱһǿ׿ǾȻ񣬱֪˵ʲôûˣֻô˼˿֮ܳ꣡
Ҳһ̣һ죬춸Ȼһ̤˲Ԫ˳ȥǿѹһɽѹ£ԪͬʮλϣϢһͣȴǶʱûаַ֮ɫ󺧡
۷ʵĸ֣ǰǸ͸ûʲô
ȻڴʱһһӰһ³أȻǰһƻ
䣡
غһ㣬˫ཻķεҾ죬ڳˣ̲ס˫Դ
ݷЩ۷֣ҲֿɫŶ䣬֧ţδͷϵ亹Ȼ˶֪ǣҲܲסֽ𵴣
̤̤̤
һƹ󣬶岽̧ͣۿȥȴǰĲǱˣ｣񣬷ɡ
̧֣صر˱ȭһµ죬Ȼ鴫
֮һ｣ףϷҲѾһȷͬ졣ֻʱ˿̵ϷǰҪϷһϸ˰ɣ
΢΢һ֣˫ĿѪ˷֮ɫһյǿǿս⾹ڴʱﵽ۷ʱ̡


337 ƾ
׼ˣһֵ֣ĳΪУֻǻҪάǵҪųֵĻ²òֹ¸ĳһ棬¶˰ɣԵźҶã𣿡
Ƥ΢΢˶ؿһۣҲǾ˵Ҵʱ˿ŷֻƴܾˣʵǲ֮٣ǡ
ת׿׿һۣȴֻһĮ֮ͫгŨŨɱ⣬֪Ѿ
첻ݺҧҧٴοףЦĳѵĸ֣Уưոݣ
һ㶣׽аЦݣüͷ΢壬кɡȻǸգ֮Ϊ
һ֣ɱµһϣǿľҪŵĴս˰⡭
Ǻܿ죬ױʶûô򵥣ոŤͷȥķ򣬷׿ʾ
𣬾Ȼһλհʵ˷˼ǰƣˣ˵ʲôƨûУ˵׿
Ƿ׸æת׿׿λã׿ܼңϷ֪طǽ˽˶Թ֮أĪҪԭټ֮
Է䣬㶣Ĳ⣬ֶ󣬾Ȱ˵ҲȰ찡֣ͣ˭ס
Ǻܿ죬˱˹
԰֮Գ֣Ϊ׿һѵ˵׿һ仰Ҳܹͣõ۷֣ѵһ׿µ
뵽Щͨ壬߼ҵļ׿ķҲǾĿɿڴӶˡ
ոְ߼Ҳүү̰ĹڣҪֱ档̬Ҳֻ֣ܳ
Ļɲκο֮£
ڣ۷־Ȼһ˵İڲȴôҲ벻ͨƢã׿ֶθء
ͷ⣬Ƣ̫˳Ǿֻеڶֿܣ׿ֶξˣǽҲշطġ
ңһΪֻҳϣǹҲ˵ͨˡ
ڼ֮ϵģһĴڣֻгϲܹʹǣ׿׿ϣ㲻һܼңôȨָӵ˳أ
ݷɵ˱˴˶һۣٿ׿ķǿЦСӿţƵĹܼ˰ɣǲа
ҪۼҲôһλǿĹܼңȴǲ֪ø˻ѹˡ

û˵ĸO@ۣ׿ؿ˷һۣȴǵתԴ˼ԣӲɣ
ײһͣʱɫȻСʵ̫ˡȴǴЦһͷųս⣬ȵĳѵĸһսͲˣҲȫԸǸ˵Ļݹĳڴ˴ɱ䣡
֣ĳǾ仰ĳκǷ۾΢΢һУ׼һս޿ɱܣ£ƶȻų
ͫ΢΢һϲЦһ͵ǰȥһ޺أȻ쳹ƿա
ħɷڶʽצ

ŭ𷢳ȫɫϢʢһצץǿѹҪǰƬռ䶼ץһ
һȻû뵽ȫ־ȻܣɫѸҧҧһֱֱǺɫצʹ˹ȥ
콣߳
ˣ
һβǵﶸȻɫķΪһ콣Уͣ͵ش˲ռ䡣
ʱ䣬ɫɫâأȻײһ𣬷ǵĳǹɿµĳನȻɢȥһ˲仯Ϊ촷ۡ
ҲҺȼ֮׷ȥԶȻҪʬҰ׳ˡ
һƽϢ̧ȥȴ̲סͫһſ͡
ֻʱ˿̣ͷ׶Ӷм䲻֮࣬Ƕ˵ɫȴ쳣ء
｣ֻ֣ͣضţķüͷ̲סеľɫԸӡ
ʱ˿̣ȴȻѪգѪֹסشе¡
ϡˣ
գգۣһǣ׿ȴ΢΢ҡҡͷû䣬ҲƾУ˭Ҳκβ˭ˣ
䣬һ£öʱѿ䵽˵ϡ
ؿһеĶײ̾صص˵ͷ֣ĳ֧ʮ꣬벻վȻڴˣ㷽ĳУ
üͷһЦֻ̧Ѫƣˬʵĳֻƣĳһʮ꣬վȻڸˣĳһУ
һ˫˴˶һۺȴǴЦͬʱаͷʶӢӢ֮С
ʤδ֣һΣ˻еѪգƵ
׿˿ж΢̣ͷãȻˣĳǣ
ã
һͷЦűҪٴγ֡
ʱ׿ĵĮ֮ȴشĶУϣǸӣͲҪˡŵĳԹǸ˵
һ̲ס˳ա
⻰˵ĻƯʲôиӣҪӵĻһʼ˾ͲῪˡ
˵֪ⷬ򲻹þհˣ˵˹ûʣ
ҲãܱЩݵǿˡСӹȻ֪ˣ
ḧ룬΢΢ͷЦȻˣ֣ôǾ͸дˡȻǼҵ׿ܼңҪˣ
Σȴεͷ̾ðɣȻ׿ܼҷϷҲû취ôǸս
˵գ㱧˱ȭת׿ȥ
ֻǣıӰԶ룬ȴüͷ
ո죬ʲô׿Сհ׿мҳ϶ȡ
û뵽µ鷢ˣԴ˾Ȼ˿Ϊ裬һȻ۷֣һëСӵӦһ㣬ҳ϶Ⱦﵽʮʮ
һ׿ʣ²ֻӰ쵽ͬһô򵥣ĺȻܹĴħͷΨǴӣ̫ˡ
˵׿ܸʺϳΪߣշ꣬ҲͲˡгΪۻʵʣ顣
һʱ䣬׿ڷУΪвĴڡ

ͻȻ׿֣ǻһĪЦ⣺ոϵǺܿ찡治ǻάѡˣ
Ϣһͣײ΢΢˺졣
׿⣬˻ףڿ֮ԣ
ڰԼԪ͵ϮʱԼûгֶ֣ԸԪʱԼȴվء
ά򣬲Ǽٹ˽Ľڰˡ
һԣԼУҲȻ˼СոֶԸԪǣʵĿ̽Լʵ
С̫ˣ
ض׿аЦݣ̾


338 ս
ȥ׿һƬĮ棬ǹǿڳ˶еϢƣ࣬˲׿
Ƕؿһ߼ҵļҲ𾪡
˭Ҳû뵽ǰֻǶĽɫȻֵһɲǣΪ߼ͬȵĴڡ
Ҫ֪߼ң˵⣬Ҳûһܹ뵽۷
ǣ۷ֵʵ뻤սƽ֡е壬ɾ͸Ӿ޴ˡ
Ҳ˵ʱҲֹ߼ҳƽô򵥣ǳ֮壬ҵĻһ֣κһҵİ
Ȼڵǰƺ£ҲôɣҲûƵ·ķݶϡ
Ȼ䣬ɽ׿г¼壬αңȴҪ˼ˡΪʱңٲȻΪ˵֮µĵڶ塣
Ȼȫսƾһ˳ġ
һˣľ
ǵפȥ׿ûһ˿ʣԵм嶼׷ײĿû˸šǾһֱעǣнԶ
ͻȻ׿ĽŲ΢΢ͣתͷ˲Զ޳ķ¶һаЦݣ׿һСϷŸտʼǺǺǡ
һЦ׿ѪĳޣǹɭɭĹЦڳ˶һëȻ
޳üͷ΢ɫҲѸֻǽ׿ķɱȻȴûг
һԵ𳤷翴һۣЦߵˣ
˵ţ𳤷ת״뿪һƬԵá
޳΢΢˶ŭ
Χˣȫŵҳϲ֮ǿɲԸǣȥ
˵ţԲ˵壬ɵ׿ҲܰǿǸҰĥˣСҵɷ
ң˼Ҳ۷ֻŵˣʵȻ¼ƽˣ
Ǻ˾ôĬĬؿ壬۵Сۣ˫еɱ⣬ڿ˵ʯһ
ȿȿȣ
λǧټĳԹô֮С˽ԹǾ´ΰټ˽ɡɿһսɨ˫һۣϳԲ
ؿ˿׿ÿɷһЦ޳ҲЦеɱΡ
Ȼ˫Դ˲ΪȻ
ǰټûаѶԹΪ߼һ棬û˽ǡΣɱ׿ںѦ㣬׿ҲδĶ˵棬һһ
Թǽˣٵһ꣬úȥôܣ
˫սһӣûе淴
ʱһȻ֮ȴǵʱ𣺡ŵˣǸšӽ쿪ʼƲݣ
һ˽Ծ
һҿɾ߼֮׵ĵų˺ˣܾǿսֻһλոңֱ
ת׿ȥǽ뿴˵޴֮Եľ˭ǣӳģȴһӢΰӡ
ƺ
ͫɺݺһݷɡлХˣæٴο׿ּɫҿսΪͬˣҲҪȥġ
ʱ򣬺Ȼʤˡ
ƺѪŭͷԣçײΪ⡣˵ȻƺǶ֪µǴܼ׿ֻ˵ĻŴҵ̬ȡ
˶׿Ͻ֪ͯջأԴΪأ
Ȼ׿ؿһƺв˼ᶨ֮ɫȴͻȻʧЦٿˣаЦʲô飬Ļ𣿺ߣģҼ㻹ûʽ̳м֮λ˵ÿһ֣Ҳҵ˼ûӽ쿪ʼʽսˣ
£ٴһƬȻݷɵ˸εط˶ͷֱҡԴ޳ˡ
ҲǰƺĻǲᵱ棬Ȼ׿˵һ飬Ǿ嶤ˣҲء
ôҲ벻ͨ׿ôˣѵΪһŮˣ޳ͷԣҪʯͷ
Ԫ˻ŭϲĻҿֻ⣬޷֡
ڣȴսģǻҾһɣҲֹǶ˰ɣٳѾҵıˣ
ڵ˶ôˣ˴ԲѣĿˡΪƾһλ۷֣ܱסһСİΣôߺߣЦ
ԪЦһĵǿԶҪǵᲢۣ̫˵㡣ǿͷǵžжǿǧĻԶȲϵģ
۾΢΢һУ׿ÿɷЦôƣ
˵գٴת뿪ֻתһɲǣȴֻ׿˵һۣΪĹϷ򲻷һ䣬ң붯Ҳ˼У
˵꣬Ҳת˵ĽŲ
ǣǰЩȴûԪһɵŸ߲㣬ºȻ׷ױɫ
ΪĹ֪ǵſʵġɼˣǵ붯ңɲ֮£
˵ʲôҵʵܹȵ
ôܣǧĻô׸ϣ
ת׿Ե޳ԪһԻ޳룬Ҳһ󲻽⡣
ʱ˿̣һصɴɲ⡣õ˸ոջڲֹģ˲㷲
ѸС壬ԽԽ׽ˡ
ս쿴ƺȥıӰȴһЦ¶һ˿ɫƺ缺ƺҲһֱΩǴӡ
ոգĻ䣬һվԵģӡ
ʲôΪ棬Ӷ˵ڷ롣Ըȴ޷ֹ¡
˭ǣΪء

ʱ˻صǵס׿Լķ䣬ݺݵع˷ţȳ˭Ҳ
һ׿״̬ʲô£Ҫ룬ȴǱһ
üͷһ壬̧׿죬⡣
ȴֻ΢΢ҡҡԴС㣬ʱҪԾһȥˣ
˫ͫһ£ؿǷһۣҧ촽سΣת뿪
ǣ߳׿ķڣȴأȻҰް˻

͵ס촽ѵۿдתȻʡ
ף׿һֱڷйеķŭȴʼѹĵ׵ʹֱʱȫй
ʹ˻ѵĶڵѪҪȥ׿˵飬׿ȴԸһ˶Գܡ
Ĳ˴򿪣ֻԼһ˽һаʹŭĵףԶǸ¶Ĵܼҡ
һˣѵıʹ˼Ҳֱ̾ҡԴĬĬλСغ׿ǰһ


339 
ճһȥˣ˶ôĬĬվ׿⣬˻һҹɤˣûĶ
ѾվڷǰȻףδɵۡ
С㣬ʱͳǰ̾˿ȭ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ֵؿһۡݷǣ֪ͨȥǣԵŵĵôΡ
Ǻܿ죬ѿ׿ǰ΢˫ϣһУɱĵߣʲô¼壬׸֮
ˣΪ֣ڳˣǱ󡢽ǲͻȻ֣֪䣬ȻߵһλãѾԽǡ
ˣǲ𽵹ǰݷõģ
Ļ㿴׿ϣǼ֮ܵһפ
ͳ죬ǴɣѰ˰ԴԴʡ
ͳ첻ɫһ࣬ǣ
һͳĴ£ݷɡлХˣ˷׷
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ƺ룬ӰЦһ˳׿Ҫˣ̸ɡ


341 ְ
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343 ֮
׿صפأȻʱ֣һ춼ȥˡǣѺݷǣȻһֱδ뿪
ǣ׿һɨǰǷϣ˱ȭλոЩ鴦ڶˣǿԺúˣ
һ˱˴˶һۣ淺ɫ
׿ֻǱȥһ죬ʱ͸˸һ㣬Ӧ˵ֱǰǸУ侲Ĵܼң˿Ƿ֮ɫ
⡭ô£ǾʲôֶΣˣ
˿׿ȻЩ㲣֮Уȴ߳´ϲ
ѣȻǲԸʱҲимлܹ׿»ָɡ
׿㡭⼸죬ˣ׿ǰдˮ
Цһ׿һжȥˣ
ţ׿㿴ˣλ߲λ֪ǵʲôǶԵŵսֻ£˴֣԰ɡҪǣֻ˺ǵ·ߵóԶ
ԣ˲ɫ䣬зɡ
߼ҰȣΪ˴˹棬ల¡һսǱȻǧǰսһ㣬˲أ֮
ôῪս󣬲ߵóԶ
ƺǻв⣬׿һЦʵ´ƣûһɲġս֮䣬תֻսδؾͲȫҲδؾܹ͵һֶˡ԰ټ֮󣬵¾ѱ䣬λڿԺú룬ټʲôǵĵҲ˱仯ʱſսõѡ񣡡
üͷϸ˼Ʒζ׿仰ȫһã
ܿ죬Ѻݷɵλ۾һ˹Ȼͷ
ԭˣ׿ܼΪγɶ֮ưǡʵ֣üͷšһɻ
Цһ׿ǻһа컡ȣǵҵ֮ʮ֮ڣǿһȫµҡʮˣھܰһԵǿɽңǰİɣţǣƣ
Ȼһ˱˴˶һۣ׿׳
⻰֮⣬Ȼܹŵ˰ǡôܣ߰Ĺ⾰ǧĵ̡׿ʱ漣Ҳ򲻿Ѹٵطչһ塣
ǣǿʱȴһ
˼۷ǿ߶ˣʲôܵأ
һˣ˶ҵڴиǿҡ治֪´ҳʱǴһ
˴ֻ࿴˿λȫ̾׿ʵ̫˾ˡ
ǺǺǡȻ׿ܼʤȯգҲҪȥ׼ȫ׿ܼҵжǰΪ׿ܼǷŭ֮µ֮£벻׿ܼ£ҲȻıǣʵңңһݣ
׿Ҳæ£ǫѷѹˣ
֮ұԼ뿪ˡֻǳ˼⣬˶һãӣԴԻ
ףո˵ʲôôһƿݷɣ
ݷһЦȻ̧̧ͷ૳Сӣǹ۴֣ƣܿھͿˣ
һ㶣¸־ɫѧô˵׿һʼͿˣȴ²Ż˵
û׿Ǹѵõţ治֪ʲôͷСС;λߵ۹⣬Щϼһﶼ硣ѹ޳ҲԵˣоһݷɳ̾̾
˼ǰΣҲ֮ɫ
ͬһˣ׿ĲŸʵȴǱǿ̫̫ˡ
ңңȥƺŸæǰ׿׿磬սҿĿڡʱҲݣ㡣֪滹ô
ǺǺǡҪ֪ĻھͿԵˣ
Цҡҡͷ׿ͻȻɫһ֣࣬صƺոս죬ĥ˲ʱգоҲѴ졣ֻΪ˧ţ㵣һ֮𣬳ΪλߡֵʱҾʽ㣬Ȩı֮ƹ۾֮
²һݣƺݣͷһ˷֮ɫ⻹׿һԽء
Ҳһ㶣࿴˿ԡ
׿Ȼ˳ᢣȴǸʮ˦ƹ񣬶ƺĽ̵ҲǽɣξԽڣǵһΣ˶Щڴ
׿նƣθ޳Ӷˣ̵ļƹıԲ
֪׿а¶֮ڡϽƺһ뿪סЩɷ
ⲻǰֻСŵȺôηĵ£
ԣҲڸʱ䣡
ƺ֪֮ǰѿɽ˭𣿡׿ʵ
ƺ˼һ󣬴ǻ¥Ǳ󣬿ɽǻҺ常Ԫ˧ȻǵһȺˣ
ţôأ׿ʵ
һ㶣ƺһƬã֮ɫڡһ𣿡
Ȼˣ
ҡҡͷ׿ƺҪס˽Ψͼһеѹϵãϵһģֻѡˣ֮ת䣬ѻת䡣㿴˴ƣͻҷԴһˣѵɵˣ˵ѣͻһͿأƹ۾֮ҪΪһҪúղУ
ƺ˿ͷ
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׿΢һף૵ô˴ΰټ˵ټҴս֮ǰҺͶԪ˧ǵĿɽΪһ£Եšǰټ֮󣬺ҵ꣬Ϊ˻еĶӡûĸңŵ꣬ҡУҡġһǵĵ˾ͱˣ׺ͶԪ˧ڻңǰȻǵѣڶʱرɵˣɲҪס
Ȼһƺû뵽̶ֻյĹ常ȻͳΪĵˣζ޷ܡ
ǣӲܣ׿ڵţڻǵĵˣҪ㹻ʸΪĵˡΪʱ˿̣û˻ҿɽʱǵСһ顣ȻȻһսҶ˲أ̵˭뿴ġս취ʵչָǿҲɵӣ֪ҪĴ̫࣬Ҳսˡ
Ǿγһ໥Լ֮ơʵۼǵʵҲ׶ǣõ˵һǾγһ㶦֮ƣ˭Ҳκβ˭У𳤷硢սͻʵۣҲ㶦ΪһԼƽ⡣ĻʱͰȫˣֻҸ۵ı֣ɣ»ֿɵã
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ǰû飬ֻǸҰҲСĺܣֻ밲عȥѡ
ƺǵ˼׿ʧЦǺǺǡϣСҪ裬ǿػᱻ졣ûκ˻壬Զ밲ȹӣֻһֱǿȥǿ˶ĪΪֹ
Ҳϣˣܵˣ۾΢΢һУ׿̾
һݣκȫļᶨâ
Ƕô׿ܼһ仰ɾˣ
ʵǿ˵ҰҲ׿ԽԽ󡭡


344 뿪
׿һҹԾƵķҸ߲Ȼȫ׽δˡƺȻʹе⣬ȴԽԽᶨ
ڶһ磬ټǡ
εİټȻϵ쳣ңôҲ뵽ǧһ壬ܹײ㣬ɱ߲㣬߼Ҳеĵز
Ҿһ˵ڸһصԼغ󣬴۹
Һͻ¥Ǳǰ౧˱ȭ󣬸뿪׼Ҫȫǳʽ̤Ƶ̨潻档
¥ǱҲȻҪ幩ҲսȻѾ׿Ǳֻһ·棬군һ;ҪԸǡ
ǡ·ˣ
Ļͨ׿ܻΪ֮˺ٸ׿裿ֻ˵Ǹ׿һϵƣһپ٣һ˭Ҳ벻˭ˡ
սƺļ࣬ΪУƺҪؼ壬常ɱˣ
常常߻λֳƺҶӣӦ干ͬˣ常£ƺ΢һף֣ص
սȻͷãƺ㳤ˣеˣϷı
常Ȼս컰û˵꣬ƺسһ󣬴ϵл常Ľ̵պǸӶҪĻҲ常Ҫ֣Ҳ顭
ȻһĻ˴˿һۣǲԡΪСܣͻȻ˵˾֮
ֻжսͫ΢΢̾һУѾ֪ľƣӦСӸİɡ㣬ֻҪҸ
常ûƨǣûǽյĸ֮Եһ̵壬壬Ӳ֮£ңҵʯӲ׳ʿĴ£
ؿһۣս֣صص˵ͷЦҶսӣȻȫôպҪɳϷĽ
˵ţսǴһĨ΢Цת뿪ˣƺȻ˽Ȼ෴·Ǹ֮飬䣡
常أ
ͨһǰǵΰƺڵأݺݿͷ
ĻһԴô£ôͻȻͷֵˣ
һ棬ǰǽѽеһƫƧĽ䣬ЦС㣬Ժ׿Ϳչˣ
ǿչ˵ģѵ𣿡üͷ΢΢һѾС죬ԳǻЩ⡣
˵ǲ֪ο׿ָܸм˵ϣһõġ
ȻһЦǵͷ˵ԺҪúչģףϣ¶
˵ţǽһö׹ĽָȻת뿪ˡ
Ѽˣ󾪣ⲻ׿ϴŵöôôܵУ
֪׿һֱֻֻлѦ㣬ѵ˵еֻ˳ǣ
ôЩУûУ
뵽ѲգС׿ǰõǰŭ׿ʲô˼˭ôûУ
ָĶģ۾΢΢һУ׿
һŵø߰˶ȵ˲併˵Ͱ˶ȣСèһ㣬૵ոա¥ģչˡ

ûмȥ׿ͷذڰ֣лѾҶˣöָûбҪˣ
˵գ׿ת֯˳ͳҲæߣ档
΢΢һѴʱ˳ǵ˼
л׿ĹϵѴ˶ǹĽ顣һ׿ǼΪѵõꡣ
ڣҲȥĳΪ˹¼ҹˣ
뵽ؿһۣȻȻشȥĹʡ
һдеɽּ䣬һϮңңԶȥķȴǸĿ¶׹⡣ϸһȴڤȵɡ
ңȻһλ۷Ǹˣڤ壬ݺҧҧߵ
ɽ۷âȴǻҡҡԴ峤ϣв£û׿ܶԸ˵𣿱ˣǰѵǸҧˣ
׿ļƲ޳֮µǸ˵ĸѾ߼ңҲѺȻˡƾڤȵʱѾκβ෴Ǵãܻᱻ䷴ɣǵó֮
ʱһ˻ǰȴǷ۵ɤһȺͷм䣬˵ۡ
ƳһۣЦԽԽˣ˵ȻҲҲˣ
ժ£¶һݣȴĹߵĵӣɡֻڵһ˿ӣһݳء
λϺҲ쳣ƽû˿
ɽؿһۣϣЦϣСһز˼ߵʣ
ǺǺǡߵĴˣϷ򲻹Լӵ㲦ѡҲҺãûټһᱻСһŪڤȿɾûϣˣ
һ뵽׿ԸǵĿֶΣڤȴҲ㷣Դڤȵһж£˲ٰҲ˵ǹʹϣܵߵΣչ塣ĳԹǺǣǻҲɡ
׿̫£޳Ϻ궼˿ټȻҪǧѣǻǲҪʯͷĺãһգоһͬ
ϸϸ˼һɽΣ΢΢˵ͷ
׿ûϹʲô¡ʱ׿ٺ׿ԣ͸ûʲôùӳˡ
һˣɽٴοʵʲôԲߣ
ʦǰԣһıƣǵԡźȻսòҪ˻ˮս֣ı·
Ŷ˵ĳ·ǡüͷһ壬ɽɻ
΢΢һ̣г񣺡׿޳֮ˣǲĵ£ǼȥҲǶ֡ôǾͲδ
δɽ뾪
ǵĿ꣬ڵ۶оһǻŵЦݡ
ǣ˶ûз֣иҶԾƵİţȴɫӰƤ£ȫ¶
ٺٺ١а£ԽԽˡҹĶǣҲܿҾУѡеǸСӣӦù𣿡
һϵЦһƬɫӰз
ԣһƬӰЦ飬Ͳ˼ҷˡҿϵˣԲˡֻ԰ţһѩǰܣ
Ŷ㵱ŵĹûһģ
ߣһžƷ鵤ŻˣûһգḶ˴ۣ㣬ȥһŶ飬ͰһƭˡħˣɵǱɶ˰а²Ц
Ӱһŭߵа£ϷĶҽŮԪסľƷ鵤Ҳû֮أշǸ黫СӣߣҾϺȡˣʲôɲɵģ
˵ĺãȡ裡ôǴ˴ξͻǷպ˫˼ˣҲҲˣ
ǵȻ㵱еӣһӮ𣿺ߣŭһӰһӰ
а²ͣЦصǰδأСӼ֮󣬱֤Ӷûˣ


345 صʦͽ
º׿һ˵ȣ»ص˷ٳǣԼĵ̶δĺڷɽ׿һп
ʱ˿̵˴ϲ󱯣䣬ٻش˵أȴǱø׽ࡣ
ʣƺࡣ
׿ܼңϷ⿪ƣӭع飡Χƺڷɽ뵹ǰˬʵشЦһ
˰֣׿¶һ˿ȻЦ⣺ˣɡûҲԴ򿪼š
ؿһۣЦͷҲ֮ܰɫؿ
ϸת׿һ·ǰǿսսϸ׿е
ϸҵæ׿ǰ׿ܼңкηԸ
ûʲôֻһϣʦͽҪطˡԺҲˣ⿪Ľַھͽ㣬Ա߿ţ
̲סһϸһʦҪǰֻʦˣⲻһĳȣͷ
ǣĿע£׿ֻӡһ
Ȼ䣬뵵Ĺâɢһ·ֱͨڷɽ׿ת׿ϸȻЦϸԺļ壬ʦ
䣡
ͻȻ׿ⷬĻδ˵꣬һȴǶȻĶУǵصɳһɾ޷ӭͽվںڷɽǰ˵ˣ˸ͷ
ͬʱһļ
ͷΪ˭׿ҲҹħĹ£ǿûǸ£үĸ˺Ƭ
ɷϤĳ׿ڣűźǾǣֲǽ֮κβǣ
̲סһ飬׿Ӳ˶һֻȭͷݺ߬
ĸСһӶͣӺòĺ飬ȫˣ
Ҳǲ̾ЦħĹǰϴأΪҳϣǻͦ˵ġ
˭֪ĸС͸ǵһ˼վʵȴǲȫĺͯ졣촳һС촳һڷɽ㱻ǵǳ⣬ҲǺ˰ۣһ챻ˣڶϹ̬ȡ
ҲƭǶÿѪ֮ǲ΢һЩĻָܷȥ
׿ܼңǡָָǺڷɽ棬ϸɫһһ֮ɫ·˵νļңô̫ȫ
˰֣׿ӲһŭЦһᴦõġĸСѣ⣡
׿ܼңϷȥúʰһĸСæܹ
ҡҡͷ׿ɫ޵֣ȥ
˵գ׿̤ɽǰУ˸æϡаЦĸСҪʰһˡ
ɽۣһĿ֮Ŷˣֱֱӣɷ׷װ̾ҡҡͷ
˵϶ĸСġ
棬ʱ죬ѩ˻Ҳ֮ĸС˵ȻҰǧžˣһҪɱǣ
̫ţһʲôӣãĺĺЦ
ѩɫŭ˫Ŀ죬쵰С͵ηҪǵɣ
Ƿϻʱ׺ȴŭ
һԣ첻ʧɫ
ƽдʶʮոҲǷַɱĽ࣬Ҳõͷܡ
ڶ˶ԸĹȻҪڷɽ
һˣæ׿ܼңȥֹǣ
أ
ͷ׿һָ˶ĸСҲͰˣӾ⣬ӾȻҲ˲ʶ壬ߣƤˣ
䣬׿ӡͻȻһ䣬Ȼ˵İ֮˺ѷΣ
ô£û۹ĶӣˣɷڵϺдҲһڵϡ
֪ˣѪϣ˻ˣͫһе
ѩͳ׺˵ڵϣȴǱĵŭĸϼһƭ˻֪ԼܺߣѪϿ֮ҪȻǴôΪֻǶƤӣһҲûͷǣ
ʲôǱƭˣһɷҧгݵ̸ܣ϶ƭĸħӢܣǲ˺ǣ԰УΪǵĶӻͻȻʹȫܶˣ
ߣĸ׳գǻ˵ô˿ֲֶΣ»мʹóݺҧѩ亹ֱһСӡˣ
ʲôСӣħĹԣʵ
ʱһǶУûӻˣͣһɣ
׿ˣƵĴԺнŭ
ħĹˣʧɫ
Ƥ̲סһ飬׿ȥᣬȥѩ˼ˣæ飺׿ܼңոյ¶ĸСģǵ°
׿۶ûһۣȻ˹ȥ
ǰ̾Ҳǣ׿ܼ֪ܲⶼĸСΪ𣿿ǧã򲻸ã˵ʲôҪʹⲻҪһ׿ܼҸջãͱǣ
ǡǾ˵˵û붯ģɫһ࣬ί
ʱǿѾͬǷ˾һ㣬æС㣡
ǵ˼΢΢ͷһĴָ˼˵İɣһġ
ˣʹ࣬ȴǷ
ƽû׺С㽻ãؼʱ̻ð
׿λϣûˣ˻ûУףһǱһĴսˡ
ǣŽ׿ͳȥɹ
ͳǰȥ˱㾲Ⱥڴڼ䣬˳ǶԷ˸飬׿ȻǲûֻǱĸСƵѡ
ĸСǰ׿ܿƵطŭˣҲ⡣Ǳӡѩ˷ˡ
׿лȻмؿһۡ
ֱۣѩơýãһͦ
Ů٣ѩƽ׽Ȼв࣬ҲĽˣ
һ˵ϸˣææ˴׿һ񣬱һϲɫУѰϸӰ
ܿ죬ҵǵϤò
ͽܣһǵĺ΢΢
ϸȴǲؿ˴һۣȴϣ㡭ʦ

΢΢һ㶣ɿһԼڵΣȻһЦǺǺǡǵȻΪʦ׿ܼҵİƷ鵤ڶ壬˼ʮꡣô˧ɣΪʦǰ͸˵Ϊʦʱû߲ƣҲǷΣԵǧŮļѹӡ㿴ûƭɣ
ۣ
Χ˲ɰ͵ЦǻǵһμλϣԿһ棬ֱĳҪĹܼһȻ߳īߺڣ
ϸȴӲһ漤ֱͷûʦ꣬ʦֻǰŻ˴ţֻǶ˵ܣʦ
ϸһݵɽ£Ҳۺᣬؽʦͽ˾ñط꣬縸ӣԳ
׿һԿţҲš
֮׿ϸ̫ᣬвܶһ棬˸ְִ֮ħĹ׿ȴѰ׵ȥˣֱ󣬲⿪ǵĽƣеǰݺѵһ
Դˣ׿ļල£ʵڷɽҲӭĵһƽ
ǣͬʱ׺ͶսҲŴ˴ΰټĽص˵۶ʳ֮ڡ


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346 
ս죬ףμ£
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ʵ֣öȻʵ˴ζλȫƿذټ֮£ΣЩͬѰ֮ޱ
˴˶һۣ΢΢ͷȻɷǰһ£˴ΰټ֮У졢ɽϰˣԱ׿ɱˣҳΪӮң
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׿£Ҳ֮û뵽׿Ԥڵ񣬻ɣһϲ
һǼҵδǱɱҡˡ룬ĹʱڲٳˣŵʵҲõ˶ơ
˿Լƽһ£ʵ۵𣿡
ǣȻԼˣһ̵ֱĺ룬ȴǿԿжôϲΪһȻɫסˣɼļ˺̶ֳȡ
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ΪһϢ£һУԻҶԿɶǻٻĻϢˡ
£ڰټУϳ˵꣡ȻԪһ½Ʊ磬ϷΪ⽫е
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ɫһ׺Ͷս̾˿
±ȱ²ظ⣬׿ˣĲСɱ˻죬ǵշش󶯣ҹֹϷ򿴣Ǹܸ֮ˣ
̲ͫסʵұ䣬ؿ׵˵ڵ׿꣬Ϊߣ
ǵģ˵飬껤סߵ£Ǵ˾ǧԤԡǧ븮ԤȴûֻһϷȻ껤飬ӣΪλ컹׿Ԥ©׿ˣǸ֮ˣ
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ʵҲһ˫ô׿ɱĻģ
ҧģսһͷ
ʵ̲סһ²󺧣ҧģǡɣ
£кβףһ㶣æʵ
ʵ׿ɱ죬ѾˡúַʽɱģȴûôҪ
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ź룬ʵûлشֻǼʵǺأŴˣЩ̬Σ
£Ŷ׿裬׿ոջصǣ⵽ĴҼΧ
ʲôǳ־𣿡ʵ̧ۿ˷׶һۣ
ҡҡͷ̾˿С꣬ǻҴ󻼡Ϊǳ٣ԶԸδڵ֮УҲǸõĽˡϷԪ˧ûг֡ȴͻȻ֣׿ˣ
ʲôǵŵĹôǰʧˣڳô׿üͷ壬ʵ治⡣
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䣬̧һţһߣ

ʱ㱻һ߷ɳ׿Ԫ֮ڣֻͷػصĵί
˰ҿɾˣʵڲĶְ
һСҲҸү벻ЦһſܺһƬŭߣСӺôĵүԪƣɢ
ȻһıǶȻһʹǱһֻ׾ѹϣǷצֱǼ̵뱳ץŤ
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뵽ɽĲ𣬸Σ
һ棬̫üµܣѹǣҲ߼ߵ̫ǡ
̫ӣѾǻʴͳȻҪѭ浸أż̳дλͺãҲͬûһ֧֣ʸٸЩ˵һӦõһУǺǺǡ
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Ĵ̫ߣߣ磬̫ˣʵȻҲҹȻΥ֮һҪ游ʡ
Ȼ˵һ룬ȴͻȻɫһңңԶ¶һ԰ϲɫҲ˶ˣЦԶȥСãˣþò𡭡
һ㶣Զȥȴ̲סƤһ飬̾
ǸӣǸĻհŮܾһ˱ˣô˼Ҳţ
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ǰһˣȻǸݷɣǸλϣٺλվĹȻһȺС
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һ㶣ĴϽ۾ȴֻ˫ͫһƬ峺˵ѣֻ۵һ˿ˡ
ûȥĮȻ߾ǱĶ飬̫ӺͶӴ˸кһȻʳǴȥ
ֻĴһˣվԭأüͷƺʲô
߼ҵһ٣¥ҩ֣ԼĳϺ͹ǰ
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ʱ䣬ǵĿȫˢˢؿ
ȻڰټУܶ嶼ѼʶҵķɡиˣҪһƣҾкεʵܹΪµڰ˼塣
ǣǸһֱȺе꣬ʱһؿȥ૳˵ҵĹܼ׿˧һ


354 һ
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һȵĽŲһ˵ȿ
λõģȻѡƺ֮ͳ졢õһڸ߲ǸɣҳϣȻǰС
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ȴֻؾʵһʵͬһֻһͷɢһôЭ
ңңһ˻µвһ˿м֮ɫЦߣľһ֧ѵνĵڰңֻǿһλ۷ǿţǿ¼𣿡
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ʱĴֻص˶ߣȻһ˿įҵĶ飬̾
̫΢΢ͷһüԼǣȷһɵ漣ķչȴ̫ˣ
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ˣ׿˭׿Ҷ飬ϸѰңȴǿ˭Ҳ
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355 
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ʵǲףΪαµ飬ͻȻ
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ͻȻеѹʧӰ٣ֻһĮĶϣСѾͷ޳û֮أһֻСӸóֵڡ


356 ҵʵ
΢΢һ£Ƭ̣ȴûиܵǿƽ˺飬ƺΧȻ÷ƽ˾˫Ŀ
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䣬׿̧ڿдһָаЦҾǿ֮¼ʵɣ
ž
һĴ컷գȻƿȻһɹǿأȻڿ


357 Ͻɷ
ݡ
ͬһſǻһ㣬ߵӰֱֱǵصɷ˲䵽׿ߡ
ǹһɣ˲ѹ˹ȥŵһæųƵȴҲֻܿסܷѹȥ
龰˲ʧɫǵſʮλչôֻԷƽ֣
һˣ˸æǰȥȴ̲סͫһһ඼ÿҪˡ
ֻУֻһ۷֣ҲϤȴĴħͷǰɢޣҲǵĴڣ
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ѵҲ΢΢ͷ׿䲻Ҳʮ־塣
׿ܼң̫ӵ԰ݻң̡㣬һرˡлХ˼׿
׿΢һͷϸȥлܵ룡
ţ˶뿪ûһһˬʵĴЦȻ𣺡ʵܡãƽְ⼷ЩˣΪֶˣ
ɫӰżλӿȴ̫ӺĴ϶ˡ
׿̫һۣ°ЦСҲ찡ʵ۸շү͹ֳԾˣǲ⡣
Ǿðɨϳȥ˼ˡһ㣬һ˵һޡ
תۿߵӣ׿ҡͷЦ
ң뵱꣬ӲҲǿݵİһ룬˻ֵܰߺߺߡ
̫ӵ¼ݵʧԶӭˡŵܵƺ̫Ĳ񣬶׿ȴǾôֱֱվ󣬸ûƵĿš
̫Ҳ֣ҲûΪһæ˷ЦʵܻãԺһˣͱôˣҴͺˣ
ѽһ㶣࿴˿̫ǫƽ׽ˣһĶЩůģܳ
׿ۿһУΪ˵Ц滢Ǽˡ
Ŷ׿ܼңոܷµһְܼ֮ͳһҪһ֮£֮ϣٹ⣬ϲɺءϲˣ£
ţ̫׿ǰ֣һݣ䵽˾ʮңеĪǣͲˡ
ѵˣ˾Ҳˡ
̫ӵ£ģ˻ʵֻۣŹ֮߼ҵļҲܲǡ
ڣȻ׿д˻ǣʿ֮ػڳˣ־塣
Ȼ׿ȴ·𲢲һףɫĮͷţ֪ˣ´
ۣ
һѪڳһֱɫ̫ӵ£ʱҲƤͳ飬һſεӣ΢΢Ǻ졣
Ĵ̲סֵܣɲˣű˻Ҵĺŵأʲô̬ȣ´ǷƵġ
Լ˵ˣҼ¡ѵҲԭٰһͨɣ׿˷۶Ȼ
ۣ
һѪһȫҲŭѾҲǲǣһ㻹棿ŲңŲҡ
ʲôܰ׿ЦһһָƵ
Ƥһ̣Ҫǰ壬Ҳɲ׿ġһǰƣһһֻķ֣ס̫ӵƣ󺰵磬ҰҷҪúýѵСһ٣ڶ
̫һ飬һ
ѹ׿ݰӣʲô˰һͻװƣŰ裬˭װ̫Ӷװñǿ׶ˡ
һҪװƣûʵȴҪӲװҪű̫һװ
ˣ䣬һ·ɫΪֵܣҲɡ
룬Ҳף׿ʵװưɵֻɽύǴЦһԲ׿ܼˣ飬ʮ͡ոǱĵǸ׿ܼ˵ûͱƽˡ
ߣڴϣҾһأҪٸ´Σߺߣ˦˦䣬ʮ˦ݻȴǳһ
ҵѽӦȥˣҪ˰ٽǷַӱ
׿Ҳǲÿɷһȥᡣ
ţ˱һص˴ΧһȦ̫֣˴˴ǰĺ񣬾ʮƷҩһЩƷұ
Ще׿Ϊ䱦ĽɳرһӰ߼ޣȵ˫ᣡ
⺣ȵΪϡ٣ûãã󺣵ӰƮ죬ʹɺ֮ˣǿߣԪǿϲĸ֣ޣҲᱻԻձʳԪ
˫ԴޣȻҲȻЧǱǰҪǿĶడֻ乥ʽ
Խ߲㣬ԽԪԪĹʽԽҪ
Ӱ˵վϾֵجˡ
ض̫Ӵ׿з⣬̾ҹȻǧ꣬Ĵһ̫ӣֲǻʵۣȻó񣬵治С
̫ӿ׿ʱҲΪ⣬ͷЦ׿ܼң֪һڰټ֮սϣ١صϱһЦɣ
޹»̫ӽ׿ĳݴ񣬲֪к·Ը˵ɣһЦ׿ɲϵڱ·
ҡҡͷ̫һصĻȣ׿ܼ˵Ӣܣǵ۹պ󱾵ֻλЯ֣ͬʵڱ󣡡
ߣӺҸô˵ôޣѾ
׿Ц˼
ȴѲͷشߴٵһƬ⣬վˣô࿼ǣΪôʲô˵ģΪһӣⲻӦõ𣿡
ؿһۣ׿۾һУаЦ˵ͷǴӦˡ
ΪӸ̫ǰһģԣȴһ¡
̫ӵ˼ҪЯ֣ں氲ǴҪġɾװɵ㶵ĻתȴȫˣΪЧЩˡ
һӿڰ̫Ȱ˵ʵ̫ϾΪЧɲΪ̫һЧмĲ֮࣬
̫εĺǰˣ
ԭӣһֱŵģȨıְֻǲ֪Աߵλ̫ӣûζ
ȻĻɡ


365 ˾
֮˼䣬̸̫ӱ˰ݣ뿪ˡ׿ҲʮȻؽͳ⣬ǹĪЦ⡣
̫ûֱӸˣһӡ
ôװ׵˼ôصĺ׿ǹֲ˼ġ
ҲܹӰϽģ޹ءΪЧĳŵû⣬պ۹һ˭أߺߡ
һЦ׿ĿŶ˵Ӱʧ־ط˻ȥ
λӻδ߳׾룬̫ӱȻӱ˱ȭЦܣζлͬΪˣȻ׿ܼҵĹ°Ϊּ̫֮Ҳཻ
˵ﻰǿֵܣʲô£ȻҪһ£ķཱུظʮֽغȵ
Ǻܿ죬ֻС۾תת૳Ǵ磬ƽղǽύЩôΡ
̾˿̫ҡͷΪΪԸΥ游ּ⣬ύЩ¼ֻԳĴһ겻һꡣ壬ƳˮǵøġΪӣԵ游ǡҲ½ңϵؼʱҲû˫ìܣһ̫ƽʢ
ŶΪΪΪʣ龫ǣС֮Ĵϱ˱ȭһ֮ɫ֣ص磬Ժ󵫷κԸСһǣ׵ģҲΪǣΪ͸ʾһౡ֮ˣ
ص˵ͷ̫ļͷܣģʮοˡ϶һ˼ֵӦûֵģϽɡϧ
粻ˣĿĵģӽץס̫ӵ֣¶ᶨ
̫ӿɬһЦ΢΢ͷԸ˰ɡ
ܣ绹ҪػʳʴЩģǾڴ˱ɣ̫ӿ˿ɫӱȭ
ҲǸæһȭͷãˣǣ
˵ţһһȥ
һ˶ڽ֮£һһ䶯̫ЦաСɽӰʧ̫ӵɫȴǽ䵭ж¶һӶ֮⡣
ӣ࣡
۾΢΢һУ̫óһ׵ݺݲ˲ץֻϵ壬һ˦֣ϧؽӵˡ
ţˣһİĺͬȥĺڰк󣬵ȴӰ
ة࣬ˣ̫мһ˿һݣ
ȴة𳤷磬ڣ˫ϡ
΢΢һ£𳤷Ц̫ӵ£һ̬֮ӦǺ˳ɡ
˳׿̬ȣȴ̫ˣñһŭ޴ɷһ̫ɫ
ȻʧЦһ𳤷粻ÿɷҡҡԴ£һ̰ɡ׿־Գδܼ޳Ҳһûͷһ£ҲӦõġв֮ˣ
ǡư֮ˣδܹ֮λΪة֮𣿡üͷ΢΢һ̫Ӳŵ
ص˵ͷ𳤷ʮֿ϶µһܼңӦ׶ϵ뷷ˡʲôµĹܼңة𣿱Ϊ·Ϊδ»Ҹܳ׿Ȼ¹ţϷͬһͬģةְ֮´࣡
ةԣжף
˿̫ӵͷü֮䣬ɳƲҵ׿Ƣȴʵܲˡһ뵽պ̳д󱦣Ҫ˹£ʵͷ󣡡
ؿһۣ𳤷ȴʧЦһ㣬̫ӵڴɲزģҲأ
Ӳ͵һ̫ؿʲô˼
ûʲôֻϳԱµһִѣǺǺǡ
ҡͷЦ𳤷оһλһ㶼Ὣ֮£»ǳسȱ飬»ȨġΣûаسȨ£ȶةѡ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ͫ΢΢һ̫澪ɣãҡҡԴ
һ֮ɫ𳤷ȶ֮󶨾֮ߡֻһֿܣǾֵܼ䣬»δ˭̳дͳ˵ڱֻҪ׿ܳ˭һ̫ӵ°̫֮𣬵ڻλУûƿԣǺǺǡ
ô䲻һ£̫һͷ亹ǽ
ףϳΪνȥ׿׽һЩ˰ɡԳʣȻֵ˭϶࣬ǾͿ˭λδŹǴĬ޼䣬˭Ǹˡλδة˼Ǿ˭ܳΪδ˰
𳤷΢̫һӣЦȻȻ̫ӵ׿ϲĻͷλɡʵңүҲ

Ȼû˵̫꣬Ǽذ˰֣еة࣬л㣬˼ˣԺ֪ô
˵ţˣʧǵ뿪ˡǱ亹͸ǽɫʪˡ
ңңǵӰʧ𳤷ص˵ͷ
ʱڷǰةˣ̫ӣȡλ
ߺߺߡϷû£Ϊ£
оһ𳤷ЦһͷӰ֮ߣ޷㶦ƽ⣬ɽۻ֮ǣϷԸҰҲ֮УٲԹˡǺǺǡѾֽ룬ϷͰøɡ˭̣ɾͲһˣ
գ˴˶һۣ°ݣةӢ
һ棬λӣ׿ٴλصڣһֱŵݷǣҲ˳
˿ʧشſڣݷɲ̾û뵽̫׻׻֮ˣҲʼˡ۶ƣֹ۰
ˣҲǷ׷׵ͷ
Ƕǻ켣ʮȻܿ򴵵ЩԾ
׿ͬȻȴżϣȨֻҪԲӦ䣬˭κεǣ
׿ܼңͻȻͳ켱
׿бƳһۣӹ̧һֻһŵݾǶӸģЦһ˸̫ӣ˸ӣ
ҰĲƽʱͰҰֻͨǰ˭мںȻڤȴˣΪλɡ
üͷ壬׿Ȱ׿ܼңʼ֮òҪ룬
ߣҵֻ϶ʲôȻȥ̫ӣ԰ݼӵģ
мƲƲ죬׿˺˷顣
˼ˣһգλ׿ܼһţ԰ȻΪɣֱˡ
ǻôʧβңίܾ׿˰Եֱӣ˿ɼ
ţ
ţ׿˵ڶȴֻдĸ֣˾

̲ͫס΢΢һ׿ǷãĬ
벻ûüȥݷһǧؼ壬ԷŶˡ


366 
Ƽңǧصļ塣
߼⽮ĹȴصıϡΪһ챾죬ǾÿһԻһ֪Ϲ˵֮Ѫ
ȻѪǿǵʵȴǿÿһ˵ˣ۹򣬰Բˬ
˵ǵ˫ͫأܹһ˿˹켣ڵȷľߡ
ˣҲᱻÿһΪ˾ˡ
ݴԣ۹ѵʱڣ˾ʵƼ˶սΪ˧𳤷Ϊģ֮ƣ˵Ĳʢ
ڵĴ˾Ƽҵߴа֮Ƶ
˿׿Σ૳һ£ôͻȻҵҵͷϣ
׿ܼңλˡȻԼһҪ㲦㡣һȥûйϵġѿһһЦ
üͷһ׿ؿһֿۣˣǵͷǶƳúܣѵֵ
ǵȻǻʵۡ𳤷硢ս컹߼ҼֻҪ˭Ի̣֮Ҳһһ㲦ǰҲȥݷùһԣȻʰݷЦŵͷһûӡ
һ£׿ˣ˽ʿԻڣҲһ仰ͻᶯҡˣʵۻţ
׿ףӢܣʢɱʿ
ºö˶˵ģ̫ƽȣһһ˵´ң˭Ҫʵˣõ۹𶯣
ÿοʿ֮ڣԼĿ´󶨺ɱҲʿԳ󻼡
ɲٿԣ£
ˣ׿ν֮ԣǾԲмһ˵ġ쵱ÿÿǰʲô飬֮ҲһЦ֮аһɵƶѡ
ڣƼҲһ;󣬻Ȩšôˣлѵȫţҽҩ˻ҽɣʵ۾ȻҲǼһֱһǧ꣬Ҳʵǹ졣
׿һ֮ɫ߱˴˶һۣǴЦ
ǺǺǡ׿ܼ֪ƼһԺãǴͣȴҲ볯зĺܣǧûһλԽ׳һҲǻҶĵĵطңƼĽʿͬÿμ붼ѭһѵǧ޳˲Ϣ䣬˶ʤ죡΢΢һ̣лХ絭
׿ϸ˼Ʒζ仰ȴҡͷʧЦⲻû˵һô󻹵ÿԼ
ûô˵Ļָֻ㣬ָ·ѡھܷɹǿԼƼ֮ݷɴЦһƲӣ͵
Ƥ΢΢һ׿ȻʧЦҵãλǸơܰôۺסҲ㱾ˣһȥɣ˵ãѧУԺϣ
ٺٺ١ǸãѧᣬԺǾָԽˣ˻࿴˿ǴЦ
׿Ƭ΢΢ȴǾӿ
Ȼ˵Ƽǽʿȴʮףʵۺ𳤷ľ֮˶İݷڣĻô򵥣
Ҫȥݻһ²ɣ
뵽׿㼱ȭǱˣ븮ķȥһӵʱ䣬һȸߴĸǰ
һصҶдš˾ĸ֣
ֻ֮ݱԺȴ̫һЩ
Ƽǧܸλȴġ
΢΢˵ͷ׿̧ǰ˿ϵͭ졣һ򣬵֨ѽһص鱻򿪣һ˾ͯ߳⣬׿һۣ΢΢֪ˣΪ£
һ̿ͣŴ˾֪;ݷãֽһ׿ͯӣ֪Լݣ񣬲ҲһȭҪ̽һ
ͯգ΢һüָһȴһǸĹ˼£ҼҼռ䶼й͵ãˡܽӴȻҸԤλ
üͷһ׿ؿͯһۣ°ͷ
ƼҹȻӸλôСӶʶǶˡҪǸһһɵСҪ׿ܼңͱһȷɳȥˣôϻ
ҲˣƼһԵ·˵ļ壬ʿͬ
ǺǺǡСһҲˡʵݺͯӷཱུС׿Цһ˳
ͯӼһٴιݵԭǱ뷷µһܼң׿ʧԶӭˡҼҼѾȺʱɡ
˵ţͯӱǰ·׿ЦŸ
һĹ򣬶˴˵̨ͤˮ鿣һߴĽǰͣ׿һʮɸߡ
Ǽ븮Ĺ̨ڼһ䷿ͣԵƬ̣ȥͨͯٴһЦŵ
׿΢΢ͷפȻͯӱ뿪ˡ
һӺ׿վĴͻȻȴһŭĴֺĶ䡣
üͷ΢΢һ壬׿ô˶죿
˳ƹ˹̨ȥһһڵķǰոǸͯӣڷǰԴҳ
´˼˵̸һֱİɡ
׿㡭ͯӿ׿һСе׿ȴ˸ƣ˵ԼǺӾУ͵͵ǰ˳ŷ￴ȥ
Ҫڻ͵˭
ǲ֪һ֮£Ҳü
ԭⷿˣ֮ϣһλ԰ͷߣɷǣ˫ɫƽӦ֮˾ˡ
λ׿ϤǵԪĴܼңӣ޳
ʱ˿̣ԪףӴ˾һʧ󡣵ΣΪλ⣿
ǰֻģȴ㲻һϣϷԴ˾Ǿ֮޳΢һ֣̾Σ˾ȴϷԹͬˡʮǰ̣˵де֮࣬пʢ֮ףȴ
ص˵ͷûĿֻǸ̾ûŵĴӣѵõĵֻ֮࣬Ҫ٣պǰ;
٣ݺҧҧԪ޺޵
һ͸¶˼Ҳްˡ٣ӽٺＺ٣
ô׿һУ޳Ͻʵ
ҡҡͷɵȻȫڣ
㻹˵Ҷ٣ⲻǳĽôһҪĽԪŭһ
ǣƽ޳ȴй켣ɱ档ǧ;ţëɴ˴βȴǸ⣬⡭
ۣ
׿һڿˮЦԽԽ϶ѾһơһģȻ˵˸ֵһ⣬ô
Ԫ޳Ҳһ飬һ
ʣǻǵһ˵ǰͷô˵Щ˵һЩߴϵĶ͡ãҲһ֮̾
ΣͶýֱͣһͷˡ
ǡҪԼ븮ô


367 
̲סһͳ飬Ԫ˫ȭգһҪȥһٵĳ嶯ͺ˾ǰǳ˵⣬ѶһжǶвأҲв·Լôֵҵ죬ͱˣ
޳תӲ֧䡣ͬذţݡˡšżż㯣뾰ǰ;ڰлصӲת
һ˵һ֮Ķȴְ̾һüͷﳤ棬ܹǲصġ
Ƥ̲ס΢΢һԪлԣ޳ζ˵׿أ
һ㶣Ԫ޳֮ɫüͷ
λӾ˵ʲôأִʲô
ǲٶˣĬŲ˵ãųˣϷԣλΪ֮ɣͣ
ͷȻ
ԪϢһͣһɰȻĵ𣬾ȥͷһ١ʲôû˵ףҪˣ˰죬治֪Ǹʲôģ
ǣж޳Ǹæֹ΢һл˾㲦ĳȻˣʹ˸ǣݻᣡ
٣ȻʲôˣϷʲôûװԪһɻ
޳˰֣Ȱ߰ɣ˾ոѾȷָʾ׿Ǹǵзѣûʲôϵ
ʲôûйϵ֪ɱǶˣ˳ҵܲԪͫһɣؿ޳һۣԡ
˵ôҲͷһ˹죿
޳οЦȥµǻȥٸһ
֨
򿪣޳ͬŻԪҪȥȴӭһֱ͵׿ɴһ׿㡭ô
ϣôɰǺǺǡһζԸңҲô˾ָһ£ôЧݵسǡ
һЦ׿ƵֻǡǶԸ˴ˣѯͬһˣǲе֣
ߣ֪С븮ǧ꣬ΪĳһıߡֻΪָԽų;еɻѡ
۾΢΢һУ޳һЦ˵ҶȻϣȴǷ˼⡣Ҷǣֻܾˣ˵˱˶ѡ֮ˣò֮°ɡ
ؿһۣ׿΢΢ͷûȻ㣬ʱΪλڻʳһã
͵һ޳Ƥ΢˫ȭ
ʱ׿ıȣ˵һʱ̡
ǺǺǡȻ֪Ҳᶯ֣ȴȻңԭֻһ㡭аЦһ׿ָָԼķλãҲľ㡭ûҵվֻǸıʿɲ˴µģ
׿ĳЦ޳ȫ̲סز˫Ŀͨ죬ָ׶
⣬׿衣
Ҳû취ֻš׿ڵʵǿǲǵġοǸԴΪصˣôܹΪС£Ͳٲ֮
һֱͯӣʱҲȫˡ
ڼ븮еŶǹһ棬αӣڼ븮ҲαƵһ¶
ͯӿ˵³кûʲôڰ
ǽ죬ȴǿаһ档Ȼ׿޳ĳֻǻŵа޾ɱ⣬ַҪԷԹȴÿһֶͯ顣
Уֹסؾ
ԭˣа֮İ
˫ĿҲҡͷ̾˿
޳غ£Žƽ궯飬֮ʲôҲû˵ŷŭĻԪȥߣ
Ŷ˽ԶȥıӰ׿¶һЦݣתѾɵͯӣཱུգаЦСһ˰ɣЩһǰı˧ɣ
Ǻͯɵ㶵ض׿ȴû˵
׿ܼң㲻Ҫ̻ӣʱǴ˾˫һ˫ǳ˫ֱֱͫ˶׿
νʼ磬׿ȻһЦǺͯպ󣬱㵱˽ȥ
ղŵĹ۲죬λ˾ȴûʲôˣѾǸƭӡһ۷徳磬͸ûʲôȤˡ
һλϣнԱߵľ׿֪˾ǰΪ£
شӣ룬΢΢ͷϷһ㣬׿ܼǳˣ
ϻҪǳˣܴﵽλԷǰ
мһ׿һӣվҪȥûʲôܽӺסĻӾȸˡڸո˵ʲô˵ǸӲţҲͲٰ׷Ѵˣ
׿뿪һЦôţҲ˵ǣҪżǰȴǿ˿ڣ㡭ˣ
֨
׿Ӳһ̧ͣҪֻţҲȻͣ˿У˫֮ͫɫ
һ仰˲ˣ
ûȷˡǸҼū׿ʥħ׿һǶ˶Ӧˡ
ڵ׿ħ׿һĲҼū׿Ĵڡھ׿׿һûôķֽˡ
þ¼еطߺڡ
ǣĵܣͷôһۿѵ˵
Ӳתͷ׿üɻȥȴ̲סͫһֻʱ˿̣ͷ˫ĿһƬڣȴе׹һһǳס
ѵģƼÿһļĻ᳤һ˫˵˫ͫ
⡭Ҳ̫췽ҹ̷˰ɣ
ʥʥߣǵۼ֣Ҳδͨɣ
ң
ǰ׿ŵģڣ׿벻Ҳˡ
һ˿ĭ׿ؿһص㡭ǺηʥƼһ壬
ţ׻ļڣģ϶ʥһ
üͷ΢΢׿֮ɫ׿ܼңϷ֪˵ʲôƼһ壬Թɽ֣䶷ʵ۾ٱűɽϷֱֻԣ
һ£׿ˣӵļ壬Ȼͨ𣿻˵ʱԶԼѽ
뵽׿΢΢һЦȻܲҪֻصλϣЦ˾ոնе֣ǸոĵĶˣѽҺþûôظĹˣǺǺǡ
Ƥ˶̲סʧЦ׿ܼҹȻ棬죬޳ܵӣҲϷ緶
˾ڿңԳһ㶣׿ε
ЦŰ˰֣˾̾˭ûֻǵͣλӣľǰͬˡԣϷ׿ܼҳ̸һΪ¾ౡ֮


368 
ؿǲɣݣ׿
ǵˣأȻкܶѡ񣬵Ӳƺ⡣ϷԴŲѣҲ˫µͫΪָһеĵ·ǣǰһ£ϷСŵһУȴȻˡ
üͷ΢΢һ׿̾ӣһ૵˾ڰ䣬˭ûأ
ǺǺǡΪϷǱǼ´ģʧ𣿡ʧЦҡҡԴһ૵ҲЩɣȴǾϲԭһֱΪصܹӲط򡣿ˣҲõˣƼҴ䣬һµȻȨʱҲŷ֣һжǱȻġؽʱһȴֻǻûҵѡ
ãգգ۾׿ӣ¸̣ͷ˵Щʲô
ƺǿ룬ȻһЦ׿ܼҶ˵ȤϷͨ׵˵ɡǰڤǻɱĹһ£ʵһ֮١;ⶣôģ
ͫ΢΢һ׿һǰǼ£һȴЩˡ
ѵɱˣйأֻҪĻǲѡƵҪ
ҪĻ븮չһҵˣΪɱֲ쿴һĿڡȻĻȥҲɱ񲻰׷ѣ
ȫеɻһЦʵÿһ˵ˣǳʤԵˣڤڤ֮бϵһΪÿ˵ľͬߵĵ·ҲЩ仯Ĺߣʱûһ··ҲǶʮ󣬵۹ʱˡ
ԵʱѶϷ򵱼ˣҹ󣬲ŷ֣һû˻ǳ֮ߣһ顣Լȴ֮⣬⵷ҡ֮Ϸٹ۲һжȻ֮˵˶˱仯ǿ߱߱ǿħһ㣬ش֣һŻ磡
˾˵ǻħòҰɣ׿ָָԼıӣգ޹Ĵ۾֪ʵ
Цһ΢΢һµ˵أǺǺǡԼһ룬һ·㾿ö˵˷ŵĸı䣿
ңһ壬ﲻѸ𣬴ﵽ˼֮׵ĵλڤѦңҪûĳ֣Ĺ߲ҲͶ뽣£λѦСӦҲǰ˰ŵɥڤУ¥ǵһ̵ļ壬֮ҲѸ´սҲΪĹϵ¥ˣŵֹ̱ǴѹȵȵȵȣϷͲһһ׸ˡ
ѵⲻ˵˰ҲҾԣŤתǬģ׿һͷƱ
΢΢ףЦҲɣϷ˫۾ûκα˲ƵĺۼҲ֮ˣѰ˵
²һݣ׿ȻǿӲȴȻ˰˾ŷˡ
Щ֮˵ðͷһ˵ˣ֮ˡ
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ͬħ׿һˡҼū׿߶㣬ɱҲ͸ˡ
ƾž¼еط˺Ϊһ壬ȴһ֮ĹӹطҲпԭġ
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ʲô
׿һŵգգ۾
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׿Ȼͷˡ
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ڶ٣Ǹӽ٣Ԫ˶ר֮ˣҪ£ͱҪȨ׵λһеǲɱġֻҪܺСңλ֮·һ
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׿Цһ󸹷̣⸸ӽ٣ٻùɡ
һ٣ҲؼģＺ٣ԿĿˣҲܷʡòţǵ֮ʡʮ󣬵£صǿʢ֮ҿ⣬ڻ¡ʮ󣬵ȡҴ֮Ϊ֮
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ҡҡԴ̾ˣġ׿ܼңϷ˽⣬ЩҲƽࡣǻ컹ţҲܹＺһأҲ˵ءϧ֮ˣһƬǰ̱ضˣʵϧϧ
һ̾׿ȴűӲÿɷ֮˾˵ô࣬Ҹʲô
츣
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Ȼû˵꣬׿ǰڰ֣Ц˾һֱΪһλߣȴû뵽˺Ϳոջ˵ǻħѵħ𣿡
΢΢һ̧ؿħ٣ǰ
Ҳǣ
Ժء
Ҳǣ׿˵ʮּᶨɡ
ؿȴǳ̾ȻѾ˰ڲֺο·ȻϷ֪˭һ·ΪԷëͷСӵֶΣһλ˶ģһλҲһ˱֣֮ûܹһΣֻأֺγһأ
͵һ׿ؿֱ
ֻǱ³Ĺϵ˵ĻҲĴħͷġ

ûⲻʮľУΪǰʥһͬˣ˸ָĸ飬оҲһЩĪĸ
ǰûйġ
ҲһĻᣬľһ¥óħ۾磡
뵽׿һƬȻ˵泩Ҳħ֮øˡ
˵ɣʲôô΢΢һ֣¶һаЦݣ׿Ľ飬ȴԲġ


369 ʥŮ˪
΢׿ǱӦˣ¶ϲЦݡҪĴۣҲ׼ˣ׿ܼҪ츣ʵ¡ӽƼԸ׿ܼհǲʶ·Է׿ܼҺΪ²࣡
۾һ׿´ϲ
֮ļ븮ȻȫͶԲǸҪ֪˾˳Ϊܹ⣬Ȼġ
ˣҲܸ׼ȷĽ飬ԷĳЩСԸЩ֮ʱһ
Ȼţ쳹Ķߣ׿ܼңƼһԱ˵ϷΪ²ƴһϷҹ󣬶ϳ´ƣȻ𣬶ܹҴߣȴĹǿƣ
Ĺɣüͷһ׿ʵ
һΪţ֮ƣΪ۶ң֮ƣΪ۹ة࣬𳤷磬֮ƣġ
˵۾΢΢һУָָ̾ҲϷΪģҲͿ̿һơȮֹа֮ƣ
ͫ͵һ׿󾪵Ȯ֣ʮǧ֮ң۶ĸսʲô£ѵ˵ǻûҲҵ£Ӧöսȥӭս
ϷҲϾϷڳȨı˽⡣ֻǹƣĴָܻܿңҡҡͷ̾
˼ã׿㯣벻ͨйؼ
˵ԤԵһ㲻Ȯһһɵģ
۾΢΢һУ׿ٻټʱɽǸŮܾЩΡ
ѵ˵ȮֹͨȻһܼҶ
뵽׿һ˼ƺȮֺʵӽ
Щ˼ˣȻֻʱս˭뵽֪˭ҪĻԮ
ѾѾ޵ģ֪ˮĵ
°һ׿ȴһңҺռõ㣬Ȼ벻Էһġ
æ˰ݣмлϴͽ̣ϻȥ׼˷Ϳ̿
ǺǺǡ׿ܼܹ󳹴д˵ʵڿϲɺأ֮ǰϷһͣ
ЦЦͯӣһֵСӣȥ˪й
ǣͯ΢һͷ뿪ˡ
׿һؿλ˾֪ҪʲôƷֻǼһϣһֱصЦݣþòɢ
һĹ򣬰һ춯һϮͻȻ׿ıУһĿͬʱһöŮĶУүүң
һ׿Ťͷȥȴһ˫ѩˮ峺˫ӳƤǳǳľѣ׿ֻһʶĸо

ʵϣλѦòϲͬ˵ѦҪĶࡣһ㣬׿Ϊһġ
ǾǴĸо鶯봿࣬òƸԭĻѩྻزһʡ
˪
֣׿ܵҵŮ˪
׿΢΢һͷǻһЦݣҲΪĸо̫Ѧ㣬׿ֻǵһμ棬һĪĺøУãҹܼ׿
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˪Ҳ΢΢һЦ׿ʩһϵö
ˣͷű˵ö˶һĻ׿ܼңӽ쿪ʼ˪Ůˣ̣
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һ׿˪뾪Ӷɳˡ
үү˪ᶨݣίн
׿ҲǺݺݰ˰֣˾Ըң׿ĳǸмαôĵľأѵ׿ĳȥɫ֮ͽаŮɵԼϵ𣿡
ǺǺǡˣϷýŮĻأ
ʧЦҡҡͷʵϷŮϷһһ˫ͫƼҵڰ˴ļ̳ˣ˳ʥŮ˪Ϸ㣬ʱ㣬ʲô²ѵϾڰټУʧȥһǣñؼ꣬ңǰⳡ֮У°ҪǰӭսҡǶңǶ´˵ⶼһشʧ󰡣
ղһ죬׿ӣÿɷ
ԼҲʮԻΪЩ³çҲʡΪ
Щ£֪ǴһɵסҪǸһһεĻĻҪŪһΡ
СӲİ
үүɣ˪ؿ׿֮ͫͻȻһƬǹţһģ
һžû˲ƣѵ˵үүߵǸ˼ˣ
ǴˣҴܼң׿
Ц˪ֲ˪үүĺݣûа취Ҫ²ֻܿĺ࣬ݱ£үүߴţУȲ˴󹦰
ȿȿȡ˾ҲҪʲôֻҵңĺ𣿡ɿһ׿һ
ȴνذڰ֣ЦǺǺǡ׿ܼһ϶ˣոЩʲô͵ǿˣ
˾֪Ϊ˵ҵ޳ӣ㵱ķ緶ˡڣҲϵ׳ɲģҾ޳ܣҲûĿŵָźͺӰɡ
׿ܼҸոſڣѪĿڲţϷǳǰˣһһǿ
ۣ
˪үүλ׿ܼһ󰵷죬Цûǰİˡ
龰ԴƸ׿Ц׿ܼңԺ˪ͽչˡѾͷҲаģΪǧҪϷǰʱʱ㣬ȴԡõģ
üͷһ׿ͷ⼸仰ƺк壬Ҳûй׷˵ͷ
ͷ˵ĶԣһʱܿˣȷҪǿˡ
΢һͷӦˡ
Ǻͳ⣬뿪˪ֲᣬۺᣬ׿ǿӲ£Ǳקˡ
һҪײҪ
һ棬Ǳ˿Ļǰ׿ɹŮ˷Ӳɡ
Ȼ˶ûע⵽ǣڶ˵Ӱʧ󲻾ãż븮һ谵ĺͬڣһ˫ȴһĺɫ˳ࡣ
һһӰĶ˼䣬˱΢΢ͷ߳ߣҪϼһϰ꣬˰
䣬ǺӰһתʧֻǼ븮ͷգȴѸһɽ¥֮ƣ
׼ݵĴ˾΢΢һͣת죬ɫѲǰǰд⣬ĳظУ̾Ϊ²һʲôǺǺǡ
ЦȻ¶־


370 
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ҵĵ·ϣ׿˪УһаݣȴǶСЦţڿһϡ䱦һ
˪ɪһӣ˫δȥ̧Ƴ׿һ£һִƭڼŮаģŵüԴĬˡ
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׿Ůǰдţǲ֪ģҲһʰɣ׿ǲȻԿ
˪̧͵һۣһЦ
ţֿ˰죬̴ڵ׿׿ܼңүүǰң˵Ǹˣҵƣҿ㲢ûôа
ǺǺǡҲ˵㲻˽ң
ÿɷҡҡԴ׿ĹаЦ
ͻȻһɫ̳ϯ׿ͫһʧɫеãǶ̣˪Ϣ
ûõģϷĶ̣ոȫԪ壬ҲԵס
Ȼ׿˪һ쳹Ƕ˶ߡţǻɫ̳ȫ档
׿üͷһ壬پǰһתȻԭ̡
ţͨһˤ˵ϣ׻˹ȥ
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˪һгʱǻɫǰܿ뵽ڡҲӣǰһڣͬˤſ׿ϡ
ʱӰɹмһĿϣ壬ɫüߣȴǻһУǻȫС
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µһܼ׿ϷжôҲϷֻʩֶΣֵˡλüߣЦһһ
ԶӦǣ޵ü棬޵У߼ҩҲ֮
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371 
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ƿϣһƿһɫڿлһĹ켣䵽һԺУ¶Ӱ
ǻüӣԲѵˣǴܼ׿ʥŮ˪
ͨһӵϣ˱˴˶һۣǷЦ֮
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ߣʲôͣǰģͫһ˪ŭߵ
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۾һ˪Բ˵ã˵󣬷öӵһС࣬Ķ
쵱ʱʱ֮δͣԼе֮ʣ׿һ٣ۡһȻͣһ϶Ͱ˾Ųʮˡ
Ҳ˵λʥŮֻҪʾе֮࣬Ǿ;ܵϴ󱦣˭Ҳֹˣ
һˣӸӼ۾˪ڻʲô˫ͫûٵǴλĿܣ
Ҳ˵ˣҾԲܡ
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ôʥŮҡҡҡӼ˵һ˷ܡ
˪ЦŵͷҲһд⣺ã㲢ûе֮࣬ҲûΥѵǲеҰ
䣡
һը𣬶ӵͶ·ˣղͳ飬ΡΡʥʥŮǲǿˣҪҪٿһΣ
Сүүѧϰῴģ˪üͷһᶨȷʵûе֮࣬׷ˡҺһ䣬·൱вܻٲ㻹Ǽְɡ˵ûܱһƽ򡭡
ðƭӣȻ˵ûе֮࣬Ҫ㣡
һƺԽϣȫˡйâһٴóǰѽҪ˪ȥ
˪ɼһŵһš
ڴʱǵâδ˪һëŶһ죬Ǳһֻ͵צץС
ͬʱһаЦ쳹˶ߣߺǺǺǡе֮࣬ӵһ𣬾ѾעǸλˡ


372 ̤ƽ

һĴ췢֧Ʒĳ˲˼ĿУצӲء
׿վ˪ǰɨڳһۣĿͣһĶϣаЦٺٺ١ֻûԼ͸ң㵨ͦʰ
׿׿׿׿Ӷ촽ˡ˪ǿǰأȻֵĸߴӰϲ׿ܼңûˣ
ǺǺǡǵȻ㻹ǵǰҶ˵Ļ𣬴װƴɣϣֻ۸˵ķݶֵõƵͷϣңԿģ
׿˪һĴָһЦװơ˪͵Ц˫糺죬ϷУ
ǻü濴һУ¶ɫŵôܣûϷĶŽҩνϷǧ˯ģ
ƽľʩ֮ˣ˵õҩǾ綾Ҳܰôӽߵһšҩ߼ҶκβˣС֮ͽ׷ŵģ֮ǰԣ뿴˭ô󵨣Ȼ֣
۾΢΢һУ׿ЦкƣսսĶӵû뵽û뵽Ȼôֻһһ㲻⣬Ǳ˾֮ˣôı޴ӡո˪ָ㿴֤࣬޵֮òѵ˵ѾǼģǻӣ
ۣ
˪̲סЦ̧ɰķȭһ׿˸۶ǰĿ־壬ڵķŭڴڵشŴ׿ҧгݡ
׿ոմԣ֣߹ụ̂
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üüһѼͣһӣ̱ӿ׿˱ȥƿСĿˣϷ㿴һüǧ˯
˪һæ׿׿ȴ˫ͫһ䣬мƲƲ죬ȫºĵ

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ǻ𣬺һŻ̾ٴζˣƻΪһתԽԽϡȫмһźɫ֮С
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׿°ߣջڣֻһ˫ȴԽ䣡
ôܣҵǧ˯أü󾪣Ͱ͵
׿ؿȴǱĴ̹ǣŨŨɱ⣺ҳˣ
²һݣüĶͷ˿˿亹û뵽׿ȻȴлҪö࣬Ϊ̵̣Ȼᱻ׵ƽ⡣
ңҲף׿ߣ˫ȭͷȻ̱ƣһʩģ׿ôȥⲫ
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ߺߺߡӳ֣Ȼ˵߾ߣΪô׵𣿡һЦ׿ɱ
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һĶ˦ϣĻ׿ЦӲǰ׳գõ˵֮Ǵӷҵӣһܣ
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һüôҲ벻׿¾Ȼ֮ԵһŹϾɱ
Ҫ֪ôһݽɫĻ˵ʮŰƷ鵤Ǹʮŵı꣬Ҳ
׿ϺٴŨŨɱϣüŵɫɷףüҲе׵ƣæĵȵȣ׿ܼңɱҡֻһţ𡣶ˣҲǸոӦȱ˲šϷհؾʵԸ⵱Ͷңǰ䣬׷棡
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վᲢۣüһ˼
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䣬׿ȫȻţֻһգ۵Ĺͽü˽ȥͬո϶ͷŻ̽һ㡣
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˪촽ֻĴ۾׿ûһ˿ӰнǾ֮ɫ
˷ָɱֶΣǵһμ
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ڣˣ׿һ棡
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ššţӲأͷ໤ҲĬƾ衣
Ȼô죬ȥһƴ˶Ҫ˭ǹĶְ
Ҳ֪ĸԲôжȻҪ߼Ҷǲޣ
ŶˣǶӱš
һ̾ҡͷȴǲҳԹӣ
ؿ׿ʧЦݺݵգĵžžֱ죬ӵϣҾȲƽˡ
ԣӲһϲ˿㰲ȫˡ
Ǻܿ죬׿һתΣҲôǣܵøѵǣȻԣ
˵ţ׿ͻȻͫһұۺţһŭ£Ȼȥ
ǿһȭҪΪƽء


373 ֮
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һЦ׿ǻ˦˦аЦ뵱ʵҾͰǹˣڵ۶еֱף衣ϣûĸӱ󣬻ϻʵ۵ģΪѾ޴ˣܴ֮ͳǡֻʣһ̳ˡ
׿۾΢΢һУƺյʲôǾʧ룬߽ͬҡԴҪ㣬ǧҡȻ˵ʵۣҲɡ
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䣬׿˦־͸˶ӣֱѪݶˣаЦҪڼνʾڣȻֻ֪ĸС֮ͽ޴֮¡ҵνֻӦǶѣ
ͷһΣ׿˵Ķԣϵȷ̫಻ʶô֮ˣǷѵϾҶ磬ҸӰɣҲѵˣ԰ɣǺǺǡ
ǰ㶼ǵĶ⸱ģƽˣʲô𶼸ñ˰ɣ죬ݺݵص׿в֪ģȴ
һУҲеƫ׿˼ʲô𶼸ñˣⲻ˵׿
һ飬η۶һ
ȻĻĵģЩӿͷ簡׿ż˼棬вԼˣ˵ĵ
Ů첲յ䵽ô


374 Ե
̧ƳƳӣֿ˿һԵ׿ЦãǵϣҾСӡǼסǶ˿ǸǷһ飬Ҫģ
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С˻ʲô˼ѵҲҪԼҿ
ǣྶͥѳ˫ȴ΢΢Щô˪ɷܿԵأ

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ŴԣѲϲҿҼʱԵ٣
˪΢һͷ˫ͫϻΪһƬڣٴλָ糣ȴü֣СԵӦ͵ˣȻǺܺãڰ;ȴԵ޹ʱжˣѵ˵
ͻȻ·뵽ʲôҡҡͷǸԵҿˣ
ΪʲôѾ
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ǰһ鲼洫һϤĲ˾̧ͷЦһƼıδԽ磬Խˣ
£˵ô׿ڣִһĮ
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һֻǲ󴫳ֱֱ˴˾ࡣ˾ӲһԴһͣûϢ
ǺǺǡȻϢδ©Ϸͻܼȥ
ٴδһļЦ


375 ج
һƽСʯڣ׿ת׿һȦ΢΢ͷ
ƽ˵ûжӸۡô㣬ҲӦоˣҸǵҲǲġǲٶ룬ʼڵϿ̻ʽŽ׼õ߼ޣȵ˫ᣬӰ˳
ǿֱƳɷħģϰ˫϶Ϊһ׿Ǿڡ
ḧɫ˫ᣬɳ׿һֹ̾ס̫ڶ֮УҲһΪ⡣
ʵĹΣǲʱƢһ׿ӡʼ塣
ʱ䣬׹ӿƣɫĹӰ˫ʼܽ⣬ڴ֮У׿Ҳڴ֮Уʼ鴤
ǰ󣬴ʱһ߼޵ĳ򣬶׿˵ȻСһ˿ʱʹ࣬ûʲôӰ죬üͷûһ¡
׿ض֮ڣ˫ȫ£գһƾӲɢ飬
˫Ŀһ⣬׿վһһ˫ӰȻſɢȻâ
һȣҶʱͬʱɫӰܱߣ׿Ӱڡ
ۿȥͬмһ㡣
ǣ׿ȴʮףûˣһֻ֣Ҫâ֣ͻ޾þ֮С
ҪǾͿԪˡˣһǿ϶ˡ
һ£׿صΪ߼޵˫ٶȶȻ˵ԱЩֳΪȻķ֣Խǹؼ汸񼼣
һˣ׿Ц˶˫磬ͽٴջأ̧ȥ
ǣ߼ȴ͵һͣͫһۡţ˵һһâһźɫĹ⻷ȴȻ˳
ͫأ
׿˴ʱϲ⣡
˴Ӱ壬ȻĿͫͻƳɹˣ
һͫصͨŻȻԭΪ߼ͬ˹漣
ĻϻﲻͻƵʵ
ȻѾͻƣȻǺ£ʵپ˲١Ժ󼴱Ի龳֣Ҳһս֮ˡ
뵽׿̲סѪڣ̧ȥھԣͫΣ
¡¡
صʯű׿ƿ׿ĵ⣬ʵĿһ󳩣
˭һս׿Хգ
꣡
ȻȥЩֱȻ£ԼµͨһٻӰȴǰ˸ƣ׿ܼң˱ꡣ
׿һ㶣ת׿ȥȴ֪ʱ˪ǰ
ֻ֪ΪסУô֪Ҫصģ׿üͷһ壬ɻѵۣⶼܿ
Ҳɣģһֱ죬͵ˡһЦ˪һλӣóһëȥ峿һԻƣͣһ飡
ŶллȵȣЩʲô׿սӹëϲ£ȴǲһ㶣ɻ
˪ȻһЦȻŮȻҪʱ̷㡣ңҪƣҪ֤һ泩ü֮£Уһ׼
˵ţ˪ͳһСӵȥ׿ӹһֻд֣־
Сġ׿ؿ˪ãգգ۾
˪΢΢ͷЦ֮ԱơȰƵģöһ
Ӷƨݺô꣬СѾͷƬӽˣ
žһ׿ǲӺݺˤ˵ϣָ˪ıӣ˪ǵŮҲǵ˽Ƶġҹ󣬲˵ġֻҪ֪Ķ򣬴ܲµҪʲôˡҵĲǣǿִ֣øɵĻ
˪ؿһۣû˵ֻһֱ죬ĬĬؽϵĲӼƺ൱ί
׿νʼ磬Ҳʱܣʵôң´ʲô仯ˣ
û
˪죬ڵϻȦȦִֵҪ²ģܾˡа֮ǰҶٿˣ
㡭
׿˫ͫһɣҧҧŭã㲻ǰɣʲôȥھͰͻȥԿ
˵ţ׿Ӳ˪ȥ˪ίۿдתҲţĥһĺۼ
Ѻ͹̸Ц˵أ龰ȴ̲סһ˹
ڸʲô
ǰ˪ǿСϾҪˣ϶׿¶˱ԣСʩˡ
ںڷɽ£ǵһμ׿ʱ׿Ҳ˶ӵԸ񡣲ദô꣬׿Լ
Ƕˣ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͻᷢ񣬵Ƕױȡ
˪ദãû⣬˭֪ùͷ˲ķ쭣ҲŻˡ
˪Ѻݺݵ׿һۣ׿ܼң˪ôǵˣ㿴˼ŵģ
ǰ˪ƽմ˺ƣӦˡ϶㲻ԣ۸Ҽ˪Ҳͦͦأ˪ڻվϽ˪ǸȻҾ游ʣӣ
׿һ㶣ؿһۣ̾
Ů˲ʶãȻͱһˣһ¶⣿
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿Լƽ£˵Ҫñ´ҰӣʣǼ°ƽ𣿡
Ȼƽˣⶼ飬˵ǶĴʲŲƽˣȻܵģ̧̇Դ
׿ȴ°Цÿɷ
飬Ϊ飬Ǹʵһ̨°ˡ
ʱ˿̣һƬΪǿҪǸҸǵž͸͵Цˡ
һֽĻңϣҽսԼ֮Ϊһӣȫ̴Ƹء
׿һҲĻʵۻ׷ֻλͨµĹŻһֱΪʵµһأ
Σ׿ٴؿ˪ûǰŭ𣬵ȴһ£˪үү㽻ʱ˵˺ܶ໰ֻһҼסˣõġ㲻ܰﵽҵĻʲôɽߣ߶߶ĹܼŵĻѾһˣ
ԣѲ˫һ죬ݺݵصһۣȴһۡ
׿߶߶Ĺܼţ϶ָˡ
ǣ֪˵ģġ׿ҹܼң˵Ĺܼ֣ȴֱƺǳʲôһ㡣
͵ۿ˿׿һĶˡ
׿Уȴֻǽ˪ȴĴ𰸣
ã˪һҧ˹ѣⱼȥôжвס׿̾ҡҡͷȫľ
ҲãƼһҲʥŮͶĻ
Ȼ˪Ҫʱһȴӭײһ˾ͯӣʱײڵء
˪һɾСӣôˣ
˪㣡Сӿ˪ʱһſɰС޳ˣ²ˣүүɱˡ
ʲô
˪һɫ˲ɷȻߵ׿Ҳ͵һȻת治֮ɫ
֮Ĵ˾Ȼɱˣ
˭ôĵӣڵ۶


376 ⶼ
̲ͫס˪ֱģӲӰӺ󣬲Ÿæ븮ȥ
ǣһȥ׿üͷ΢壬˼е
һͷȥţһĹͳ׺򸾾ȫ۵һ𣬻ĵǵĴС빫ˣ׿һ븮ȥ
ܿ죬˱˼븮ڣСӵĴ£һ·͵Ǽ䷿ȥ
ǣǴ򿪷ʱӳĳȴ˶Ϊ֮һ
ֻʱ˿̣ɰȻλãֻȫ½ѪۣܹŰֻ۾ҲѱȥϸûһϢԴ͸ˡ
үү
˪һȻǰȥǾʬʹ顣빫ѹǰ
ѣʧȥ֮ʹҲᵽ˪ʱʹȦҲ࣬ۿдת
׿俴һУת׿һۣ£ô
Ƽǧ꣬һ˾ءο֮λӣһ֮£֮ϡ벻ף˭ڹ۶϶üͷɻ
׺Ҳ΢΢ͷָʬ϶ǰŰ⸱ģΧȴһ糣ǱߺŪִġֻ鱻ڣѵΪƼܿͫ
Ϊ˫۾Ƽǧͱˣֻڶ֣֮ԭֻѾˣ˳оһ˫۾ˣ
˿׿ȴһֱദһĻһʱͷ֣Щ졣
ԼŮʱ·ֻǸһô򵥣йƵġĪǡԤԼĶˣ
һˣ׿۾΢УƺȻ뵽ʲô
ѿˣǶϽôãûһ˪үү˭ɱİ
ԣ˪ֹͣ˿΢ҲתԴһעģ
ڵ۶ӣ֪˭ɱģ
ʼ磬׿ֲ֮ҪǰٺƼ˲ؼİɡ˪͸ңҲףƺй֮⣬ԤԼˡ
ңΪүүܹϤʹδΪүүһĻ˪һٴ¡
ѶŮæο׿ҲЦҲүү֪ˣΪ֮ȡ壬žǴ˾֪ҲҪԭɡ˴壬׿ĳ塣׿ĳسŵչ㣬չƼһˡС㣬㿴Σ
ǵȻѶ˵ʮصͷ
˪Ĩһᣬмؿλýһֿۣ׿мǸ׿ܼңһֱ㵱֮ˣʵ˲лл㡭
ʱһͦģǺǺǡ
һЦ׿Цƺ⣺۶ʵ̫ңƼȺףܱܿɸڻҡҽ飬ƼҾǨҺڷɽտΣ
ǵȻãֻǡƼǧڣһǨ㣬µþ׿ϣ˪һ£૳
˰֣׿һаЦİɣʲôˣµһܼң½ˣ
˵ţ㽫ʵǼ˳ݸϣ磬Ƽ˾ٳ룬;ȳ˵۶һȥʳһУ
ǣ
һͷӦǣǿ׿ȴЩ죬׿ܼңʲôʱˣⲻķ񰡣ѵ㿴˼Сˣ
ûô
һ׿ҲԶǣнǡƼһ壬ÿһܿļ롣ǹԮʱΪãǡʱô㶼
һˣ׿һĴָ׿ܼңߣʵǸ߰ǰ˳
ƨǰǹǺĻ֪һУΪ˼£Ҫˣٺٺ١׿Ц
üͷһɵ׿ܼң֪˭ɵˡ
˵˵Ϸеأоһ׿г䡣
Ȼͷȥˣ˪Ϊһμļ̳ߣƼȻλߡͣƼҲȫȻܣʰ񣬾Ǩ㡣
ߵſڣôˣҪ콫µһܼҵһչǱҲûʲô˵ˣ·С
Դ뷷֮˭֪ҳ˸µһܼ׿Ȩ졣ڹڳЩسŵС䣬Ȼǡ
ǺλϵĻ£Ƽ½½߳˵۶ǽн۶ʮﴦȥʳʵ֪
ʲô˾ˣ
ʵһӲ͵һ죬űһ̱ϣ˾֮Źǣ𢣬ǧôᡭˣ˭Ϊǽѣָ·
½ڰ˾ǣ֮ҪҳԪףȶٰµĶսһȭص
ȻҲ쳣Ͼ˾Ĳ֣ƼʵǰĶˣǴʱ˿̣Ǳһλ˧ĳء
˾ҲڻʵǰȰأԪ˧˵ûԪҪ۹س֮Ĵ˾Ȼɱڸڣʵǵ۹裬ӦǼ֮һΪӦϲ飡
ûҳӣƽʱ޷޶ˣξȻҶسʵ̫
۾΢΢һУʵŭսճţ˲°˼ҵߣ𳤷磬ƼžЩȫҪһһ̲飡
ǣ
սһȭڵ˳ȥ
ţ۶֮ڱȻը˹һ۳ңɹŽգԴС̻֪׷׹ţ¶ˡ
ʱ䣬ûӰһһ㣬ʳǱĳǣ
׿˾ƼԺ䣬Ǿʬҵط춯׿аһЦ૳죬ͦĹ
ߣΨ²ңһƲƲ
׿ȻͷЦǰҵȷΨ²֮ˣȻͶȡ֮ںˣˣƲôһ̲ˮˡ
һĪľ⣬׿䡭
һ棬ŸڣȻһƬӣԪ޳һڳϣɰȵڴ֮С
һĹ򣬴͵ش򿪣Ļ֮һĶ֣һؼףǰֱ̧˱ȭּʳǴһ𣡡
ֳʲô£ôڣ̧̧ƤԪɫƽ
һ󣬶˾ڽ׷飡
ʲô˾ˣ
̲ͫסһԪ޷ˣһԵ޳Ҳǽסһ¶֮ɫ
ͬһʱ䣬Ϣм壬˽һķӦ
˾֮࣬ɻ
֮£˭ô󵨣Ҷ˾


377 ü
ֺĳô֮ϣʵ۶ׯ£Σһ˫Ŀ·
׿ԪȰ˴ҵߣһࣻ𳤷Ͷսȵ۹سұߣмλãһʬǴ˾ɡ
ԱߣǹһȴǼŮʥŮ˪
һĻ˼˲ҡͷ̾Ҳָָ㣬̾Ϣʵ۽˵һо۵ףϳŭߣȻҶ˾ֱ֣޷죬Ե۹ơڳϵĸλǴԹ󣬾壬֮ͨ˾֪кο
£ϳ˾ȻӼһƽ븮Ҳ޶ٻأϾ۷ǿߡҪӺַǳ˿԰쵽ʵǿΪǣܹϢؽֽ̣ͻأȻ֮ǵ۹۷壡
ʵۻ䣬ս̧վ棬һ˫ȴǲʱЩȥ
޳һۣһԪ˧˵ޣ޷Ǿڰָ°йءǣǲˣǿ֮Уǰ˼֮⣬ɻءǡǰλġ
˵ʲô
ͫһɣսŭ޳ڻϷ𣿺ߣϷһ䣬еվֱ˾ǰϷ֪֮Ϸ֮£
Цҡҡͷ޳ҡȣԪ˧ĪҪ²ֻ鷶ΧعһЩҪֻϣˣң⣡
ߣ֮˾һ£Ϸ޹أϷԶ´֤˭֣ԼףϷһսŭһȻ˰ͷ
޳ÿɷҡͷʧЦȴֲм
ͷսɳһѺ֣۵Ȩı㾡ȴԴĺܡɱ˾֮ˣᱻߣ
ֻԴΪ˶ǣУһãȴǴл֮ơһУһ˫δںݣ
뵽޳üͷһ壬Զ׿
ȴֻ׿ɫȻ˿Ϊ⣬ƺȻء
ʵ۾ڳ˵ķӦ˾һȷһܹҲ˾ͻڳСôʥŮ㣬˾˭

һͣ˪˼̧Ƴһ׿΢΢ͷʵ£Ҵܼң׿
˻
²һ˶뿴׿ķ˫ĿǾɡ
¸ո뷷ⲻõµһܼңô͸֮ǣ˹ϵԶսոԣڸ£׿ȫܹ
ѵ˵µӣڵ۶һͨ
˶׿ĴţߵĶֵĶ첻£ز¡һв˳˭ɱ˭ħ
Ī˾˿ڽ֮ͻɱ֣
һˣƺҲȫȷһ㡣ֻħɱ˭ãɱ˴˾൱ڸ۹Ϊа·
һʱ䣬ǿ׿һ̾
ʵ۽Ŀ⿴׿׿𣿡
ʲôң
üͷһ׿˿Ϊ⣬Ц˵һĿü˾ˣšҡ˵˾һˣɱ˾˵ĻǾ;Բˣ
ǻô֤ԼƤһʵ
аЦһ׿νʼ磬ôҵ֤˶ȥˡҺʹ˾һʣǰߵģ˪ﵽǶסЩʱաԣ뿪븮ʱǸ˪һߵģȫߣҵһ֤ˡǶˣǰˣȻ˪ûе
ˣţⲻ£
˰֣׿δ˵꣬ʵ۾Ѿæסݺҧҧﰵޡ
׿öӵԼ죬ԼʵۣҪ鷳ȻԼͻ鷳
һ£ԼĶʥŮ֮࣬ʱҪλʲôң׿Ľթ˵ͰҲǣҲױ̲ˮУʧȥȨ˵ôϴϴˡ
ڻʵУǺ޲úݳǶСһ٣ؼʱģ
ݺݵض׿һ󣬻ʵһЦ΢΢ͷ׿ܼ˫ȫ䣬Ӧò֮¡
׿Ȼͷ΢ЦȻƽ𳤷޳ˣǰ͵Ц
ʵϣһҲֻ֪ǲ׿Ϊˣȴûô˼ɣץס˻ʵ۵ߣ׼Ȩ
ʵۣȻѰǣˡ
׿ǰȥʱ븮𣿡ȻʱˣǾ͸ţʵ۾΢Уӿ
׿Ȼͷ֪ҲסȻԪͣòƼ˻󳳲ݣ
üͷһԪ޳˴˶һۣɫ˲¡
ǵֻ׿ͻʵ۽¡ʵҲ۾һͷС˵һ˻ˡ
ǻŻԪϺȳ׿ȴĵȴǳһٺ󣬾Ҫˣ⣬ңȻҸֳһ١
ЩҪˣʵһ֣Ц
ǣ𳤷תתȴǰһЦȻվֵ̧£ҪŵҲųˣ
ôüͷһʵӲ
𳤷ȴȻЦ룬ʱǱŭ֮ʱֲ֪ˣǶԴ˾ֵʱ̡ʱ򶼲֣Ǿֻ֤ûɱ˾ˣǵɿų
˵ĵ׿üͷһ΢΢ͷûһ϶޹֮ɫ
𳤷ؿһ׿ȻʧЦ
ʵȴüͷֱɫ΢΢
֮󣬻ʵۼһһŲ飬ȴҲκֻ֮ܲڸڴóǣȻôɢˡ
ó׿ǰȻԵõţ޳뿪Ԫ̼ӿŲϣǰ΢΢һȭ׿ܼңȻǵˣոлˣ
֮⣬׿һЦÿɷǼǵˣֵù棬ոΪΪǣ
ףøл׿ܼҴԸ֮飡
λʲôʱ˽֮ˣ
Ȼ޳ٰһݣһˬʵĴЦȴȻڶ˶תһȴ𳤷硣
Ŷԭة࣬ոҲöлة
׿ܼҵӣúã˰֣𳤷Цո׿ܼҿ븮֮ʱҾǵҲǰҡĻµ̿ɾҪˡ
ûʵԴ˾֮Ϊ޷ǾҸͷҺ͵šܽһãȻʵǿᣬʵɱ˾һ£ǻʵ۾ÿɽ賯һҽұֲȫû
۾΢΢һУ׿㵱ʱȻֻҪűʵɱһ£ǻʵɿҸţƴܾˡʱʵ۴ͷҵµһܼҵţɾˡϾ㲻ܹⶥŸţΪ͢Чǣ
׿ܼ֪Ƽ´ƣһ𳤷粻ɱ˱ȭ޵
޳Ҳǵͷ̾˵Ĳǣ޵Уǻʵ۸κβǣϧ
ûʲôϧģ޵һ޵ڶûж֣ģ׿һüЦ
𳤷޳ҲǴЦͷһ֪֮С
˵˱˴˸ǣǵˡǱ˴˾֮ģȴȻǳ໥ϣ޷죬Ǿһ泩
֮£ܹҵһԼ޼ϵģмˣ
ˣ˵ɱ˾ˣ˭һº룬𳤷ͻȻ
оһ׿޳˲ÿɷЦ
ǻ˵ôԴʵҵ븮󣬻ʲôʱһоͶȻˡ۶ʼջǻʼҵĵ̶۾һУ׿̾
𳤷ҲȻص˵ͷиƵġ


378 Ӱ
ĵĹӰͳ죬ֱʵ۱µĹҲΧҲһأ𳤷ḧ룬оһ
׿޳˴˿˿΢΢ͷ
ţ׿ţ˲ͬײβȴصĺܣ
ڣڣ˻ʵ֮⣬û˼ӡӰȥ٣һ㣬ӰΣʤ
׿ܼң
ͻȻһٵĽ쳹˶ߣ׿ȥȴ˪һر˹˿˿֮ɫСΣգϽȥǣ
üͷһ׿˪˵ڷɽǨƼһ塣ֻЩֵǣ˪ô֪Ϣ
ƺɻ˪æܸܵ
ʥŮֱܶһ򲻼٣𳤷΢΢ͷȷŵ
׿ȻǺãҳ۶λ˪鷳һͻչˣ
ǺǺǡ֮ͣ޳𳤷ǵһЦͷǡ
ֻ޳ü۶ѷ⣬Ҳó룬׿ܼҸòҪȥɡ
㵹Ǵһֺ̣ҿûôûʵץҰѱɴЦһ׿һתͫнɫ⻷һ˲ʧ
޳һȻ̾׿ȻˣֶιĪ䣬ͨóȥ˭õӰ
ǺǺǡȷˣĻ³Կ˵ͷ𳤷ûȡЦ
޳һ죬ÿɷ
ţԪһкгŵ𳤷һ˪ȥҡֻһ·ϣòƼҵĹϵ
ˣףԭ˾ѽ˪и׿չˣλʥŮ׿
˴˶һۣ޳𳤷ǰ˵ͷȫ˴˾Խˣ
ֻǣʵ벻׵ǣΪδ˾ΪңԸأ
Ŷˣһ·϶лλչˣ˪лˣصǰ˪ʩһ
Ҳæֻ޳תתȻʵ˪֪˾£ʲô㣿
ŶɱүүԹ֮˪ɫһ
޳̾ӦˣֻϻԼĳ̬ȡ˾˼ҾȪ֮£Ŀ𣿡
ʲô
䲻һ˪˼̧Դո˵ʲô
˵ʲô𣿺ǺǺǡǸĳղһʱʧԣиж͵ʲôûˣ޳һװɵ㶵
˪üͷ壬ôܣҸո˵ˣѵ֪ɱүү֣ңòã
˪鼤ۿдתһ˫֣ץ޳˫۲š
ȫܹܵ˫ֵǿȣ޳ؿһۣȴǽ˫ֲ̾ҡҡԴǸϷʲô֪㻹׿ܼҰɣ
˵꣬޳̾ת뿪𳤷Ƴ˶һۣ°ЦһҲ˪ʩǱ
ֻ˪һˣվſڣŶ˼ȥӰ૵׿ܼңѵ֪ɱүү֡
¼ӿ˼ֽŲ𳤷翴޳ҡͷʧЦþͲصˡ׿ڳϻ㣬˭ͷ͸鷳ƼҺڵĹϵƼҪҲѲ˹ϵ
ǺǺǡةԲӣո׿˵ôֻǻѣվǵжԹϵش֮СӹƱûݡң̲ˮҪģֻ˭뵱ͷ˳ҾƣǶɴΪ𣿡
𳤷ḧ룬ֻۣ˫֮ͫĪЦ⡭
һ棬۶ʮﴦƺƵǧٳǵķǰȥͳ׺򸾶ˣն·һУǵİΣ
һ·ϣ΢紵ɽģûʲôΣգ·Ҳ൱⣬ɽˮһ㡣
Ȼڴʱһӿֻգ֮䣬ձȫһƬǡ
ͬʱǺ֮쳹˶ߣ˲һ㤺Ȼ
ߣˣ
һЦݺȭͷֱ죬һƬ˷ܹâ˵һ첻ܣͻܡ
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˵ţҲһ֣һɳʱը֮УʮյĻҷѩһЦö
ƼҲǳλڣ´󰲡ֻҪһ·ԼЩ˵İȫͿɱˡ
һ飬Է°գֻЩ⡣Щ˸ոոĸоӦò׾ͱ
ƺڻӦеĵǣЩ˿Լͬ鱻һ׸ɵֻǾ䣬ȴδ¶ֵ֮״
һ̣ſ춯ϷһУǰЩѩ˺ɱƬȻʼϵض
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ͬʱЩӰٴμᣬϵ䵶𣬾·һٵָһаЦ


379 
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Ϊհؾĸ֣վȻһȺЦʵд
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̲ͫסһ뺧ȻʧɫЩӰǸӿسЦţЩӰȻ˳ȥе䵶տĹΡ
䣡
˲ҵǼӦԡǽȴղһģһ˵ȫ˹ȥȫһָ
ЩӰȴȻǰһĨĨǰƵǲòˣʱһСģȺΧ£˵ᱻƿֻǲһ־Ƥ⣬ǶؽȾ
ⲻöŵͷ亹ûǰ֮ģЩӰڽشЦš
ɫһƬأ׺ѩսˣȫסЩӰ滹һƬھעһУ
ع۲ŶԷһһƤ΢ϸϸ˼ǵĹƺĸСĺϻʮ񣬵ͬ
ħĹǱ˴ͨϽЩȴǸΪսʲôԵɣŻʵġ
ӦԷӦò࣡
һˣоâһ⡣
ǣ׺ȴȻЩֲ֧סѩ̲סƿڴͷ㻹ɵŸʲôæ

ͻȻѩһУһλε䵶˲ֵĲɫŵɷס׺ˣǴ󼱣ҪǰֵκӰţҲ޷ֻѵؿԼķˣҪⶾ֡
ڴʱͫһûʵ壬Ԫ񹥻
һﾪˣͫһŷӦ
԰ԼվԷԷԪѾԼ޷ɱ˸ɵǣǻǿԵİɡ
뵽˶˵˵һ죬˲䷢һεĲ

·һĹһ㣬ʮӰȻ˳ȥֱʮֽͣٴƯһ
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ϲȻҵЩƽ֮ȴЩΪԪǿȴǿµ
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ˣҲӭս֮Ҳ΢ƽһЩǰôʧ롣
ǣƽԷȴԵøƽƺȫûΪ㱩¶˿֮ġ
󣡡
ͻȻЩۿĺУһţĴɤЩӰаЦž۵һ衣
һЩӰǱ˴һһž㣬йɵڿƯ
ͬʱһɹǿԪ񲨶Ҳۼ
̲ͫס׺˲һأŲԾ΢΢ˡΪȻоЩӰԪǿںϼǿԪֱվΡ
ϻݺҧҧһ
Щԣ봫һЦ֮һǵԪǿĺϻҲרŶԸЩνոֵľСٺٺ١׼аɣ壡
䣬ЩӰһȻаЦ׺˳ȥǹѹǶҲϢ΢΢һ͡
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ЩԪһЩӰ壬糱ˮ˴̣΢˸ǽ㣬ʱ㱻˳ȥ
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ͻȻһӰ˲˳׺ǰͫһֱֱ߳ȺӰ
ͷҪʲô׺һʵ
һЦɢĪľ⣺ٺٺ١ôЩŵļһ죡
üͷ̲סһ׺˻û׹ѾʼᶯӡĺӰЦߣһȺ֪СɱҳϿˣ
ħɷʽ

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ʱ䣬һʵʵӰȻǰȥצ˺ѵأҪǰһжҧ˺Ѵһ㡣
ЩӰԣǰȻݺݵײȥ
䣡
һ췢ɽھҵҡΣҲڲ𶯡ЩӰǰеĶΣʱ㱻ȫײɢ
ڣǸδŪ׷ʲô飬ǰһڣ˲ʧȥʶ䵽أһ\ɢ˿ȥ
ֻǼ򵥵һУʮӰ˲ʧӰ٣ٲκټȻǻɢˡ
Ԫ似Сģ
²һݣںһûǰȻƽҲǳ˾뺧Ȼ
Ͼˮ˫һвǵĴڣ
΢΢˰Դ첻ɵشЦһͦͦţ˵˭
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Ƽ˼ˣһϲǿˮ˫սʱȻ·磬ƺκβ˶Էлһ
û뵽ؼʱһ֣͸ɵԷʮ֣ڳˣҲƽ˲١
ܹ飬ǵİȫбˡ
׺ˣǸֺӣȴЩϾô˿أǰǺ񱻱ȥһŰ֮ģʱܵ˴
ͷ㵹һ׶Ԫ񹥻似ҲᣬƽʱûʹѩƲƲ죬˺۲
ӣȻЦٺٺ١Ҳ𼵶ңҵʱ׿ܼҸһ׶似ǣ˵һｵһǵϷҲۺʱǲû취ôȻԪ似似֮Уרˮ֮似Ҳʺǲǣ
գϸϸ˼Ǿ㲻ôƽˣҲǰ
ͷھܶԸˣǶںѹ󣡡ѩ˶Էһۣսپ
û⣡һЦȻڰ֣͵ǰһ̤վ˳
ЩˣҲһηغһǼɵ֮ɫ
ǣ֣һȴǶȻԾǺ֮д£ߣ֪СֻһЩСѣɱ̫ˡ


380 µĺͳ
̲ͫסһ͵̧ͷϿȥ
Ҳһ̣৵һһӰʱŷ֣һڵॵ춯һװֱֱ
ʱ䣬׹䣬ǹǿѹ˲併ٴأ˶ɵϢһͣһԾһɽѹڱһ㡣
ǳ׺ѩհظ֣Ҳ̲ס΢΢˶ӣµĴǽӳһ֩״
ѹĵ죬Ƥ̲סزȫ·ɪɪ죬紵ۣµĴҲڲϵ䡣
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ͷ·֮һ㣬Щ˸֮˱ֱһȺϣ˲µľ֡
˵û˵òֻһֵƣ˿ʮֵľ
ݺݵҧҧأ쿴ŴǵͫһȫƶȻҲʼƣ´һצ㲻˷ֱֱ˹ȥ
ף
һǺзƺҲûϵд̾Сͣϧ

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ֻǰ죬ʱ˿̣ȴȻһ׼ľ޶ڣɫ΢΢ҰףڴڵشŴ߻һ˿ʺѪա
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һǺͳͽ׳ȥĺ˻Ȼķ򣬵ͷСܹܲϷһ֮»ܴģеˣ
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ȻѩҪʱһϤЦȴٴ쳹˶ߣǺǺǡҵ似ôȻ˴۽磬Ϸƽδ漼ѹֻ˶ĸ֣Ͷˣ
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һæǰȥȫƣħɷһʽħ죡

һɫӰײ˺֮ϣǸһӴǺɫӰ˲ѣҲȫ˳ȥһѪٴ
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ݣ
һߣǵֱֱȥ׺ѩˣҧҧҪǰȥ£ȴôҲƲӡ
ۿǵϾҪ쳤̾ҡҡͷ벻𣬾Ȼҵȥ˭֪
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ǣΣͷһϤȴǶȻ˶𣺡أǺڹǰֵɣҵ壿


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Ҵܼңħ׿
Ƥ̲ס˶Щȫһصؿ²Ȼһɫ΢΢
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һĹâ׿аЦһǸ϶֣ҿɱӵĶ࣬ҲѶԸö࣡ȷбʤ𣬺ǺǺǡ
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ۣ
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Ȼǽгһ˲Ǿ޶дֱֱܳ׿˹
˼ˣɴ󼱣׿ܼңСģֻԪ񹥻
ٺٺ١֪
һ֣¶һа׿½ӡسħɷʽը죡

һ𣬵Ǹ³Ӱͬ׿ģǼɫâľ
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ΣԸͳ졣
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ʲôԪһͨͨΪУ
ʱ˿̣׿õǹԪ似ټ׼ӳ֣˴߻ǵľֶΡ

ǺɫҪ׿ײԪ񣬵ǻûӦô£Ǳһͷײ˻ȥ
ʱ䣬ӿֱ̣Ǻͳ쵫Դһʹȫ죬ʹ쳣·ȫҪըһ㡣
ʱǶֻһ˺ѷεİ𣬱ǺײһֻͷӬȥ
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һｵһΪⲻ˲ӣӾͿһκβ㣡ߣǸʲôӿһȻﵽ龳ӻ治һܹսһ㡣ôߺߣӲУװһʲôɵɪģ
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΢΢죬׿߰ذԴһǷģȻ죬Ҳ١ûʵĶҪǣдѵֶΣǰװƣҵˣٺٺ١Żȥˣ
䣬׿Ȼ¶һЦݣ֮ͫɫ⻷Ȼ˸
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̲ͫסһͳʧɫеôܣʲôʱõģ
ǺǺǡ㲻Ҫ֪
һЦ׿Ӱǰǻһ˿аЦݣڹԼǾԼĺ·ˡȻʵת˰׽ͬģûԪû˱֮أǺ׻ɢңԪĸ֪Ҳһ˵İٱ˵һƣܵʹʱȴҲƣ
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һ죬׿ٴγһѳȻȻȥ
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ǺǺǡ㲻ضˣҲûá
΢΢һ֣׿֮ɫ˵֪ǳ˰ٱҲǴ˴Ѿ֣ǻþǾþ֮УʵʵתźۼǣȴǱȳ˸ӴңʱŻҲ磬һϢʱ䶼ûԣеʱ䣬úǺǺǡþһжǼٵģΨʹȴġܲס֮ʱҲǻɢ֮ʣ
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һ׿ǻһЦݣûȮֵǳɡ


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һ㣬ȮЩȴ֪弶ϵĲǲмЦЦСѾͷǲǣȮʹŵ¶ҹܣǻʵû̹δ𣿡
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һЦǲһǣͷһ˻УȳѪȴڱ͵үȥ
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¥еĸҵӼˣȴȫ̲סһ飬һ
׿Щ˶ˣѧˣݰԵˣ


391 ذ
Ȼ֪ʱ䣬ȥʱǵˣҳﲻǸﲻ𣡡
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°һ׿ɨһȦǰޣǽһĻȣǸȻԽԽ
Ҳһ̣ذһ飬ȻеһɲΪλ˲ȴһ֪

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ǺĿԣȴǳĬˣжɢɻ֮ɫ
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΢΢˵ͷذС磬Ҹ˵ģǸˣ
ʲô
ذһؿ׿һۺȻһɱ⡣
û뵽ϣȻдȺ֮ˡĻȮ־̫Σˣ˾


393 һͷ
ɱ⣬εɢͬһɴ̹ǵ磬Ȼڳÿһ˵
ãذһȣôͻȻɱ̲ͫסһ·һš
νƲƲ죬ںΣ⼸׿ֲʲôɵĵģ
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üͷ˶Ħ˼ֻܵص˵ͷǷݲȴǴûʧ
֪ģ׿ĵһʦбһ̰㣬䲻ڣʮ궼е飡
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һԣ䣬һ㶣űҲȫҡҡԴЦ
Щİ


394 Լ
Ȯʹŵ𳤷ǰѼ䣬ȴѹǱ̬Ҳ档
űǽʳǣǻʵٳ֮գȴ޷ʵۡ
ǺԺһȮʹٴα˻ʳǣϢ
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ȮʹŵΪˣߵϢЩʿǽפһЩͨݣ˯ͨȥˡ
ΧжսľӰأ˵ǱʵȴǼӣԷЩȮво
ҹһεӰܹѲӵĻһȻϨƵķǰС磬ˣ
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ǡΪҺˡ˫ղһ죬˪صԴ
׿ǴЦһתת˼
ˣҶİ


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һʱ䣬ЩƣתۿһߵܱȴҲһһҲܲɡ
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ԣŮ˴˿˿ȴ͵Ц


396 ƻϮ
ҹĻƻַܶǷϵʥϴ٣ͬ죬ϵĵյҲۼӦӲϾ
ƽﳯ˼ĺСˣֵץ׼ʱ˫ԣòܰ⡣
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˷˵Ŀ⣬׿Ƥһ飬ǰŮ̾
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ͬʱоɲѾѾ޵ģĶǰƫƫҵ͸ƶİ
׿俴һУȴǲţһֻ΢΢˦˦кâš

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ȻգŴЦСҲûôǿôֻһѾҳˡ֪ˣͺˣ

ʱһٻӰǾ޴֮ϣȴذ·ĲҾ󼱣㴳ˣ˵ֻǽѵôˣʬ޴棿ǻȥôʹǽ
νʼ磬ÿɷЦЦ˭Сô洵ô޳ܵţƣʲôһе۷ֵȫһƨ֪ܣһͨߣӳٷ֮һͿˣд˺ߣⶼҵģ
ǲңܹǶ֡鷳ˣǵļƻذһĶͷ󼱳
ǻ˵һȴǶȻ˶˶Уʲôƻ
Ȼһ˼·ȥȴֻǾ޴΢΢һº󣬱һƵ죬
СС㣬
ͷһȻ֮ɫ˼ؿԼֱۻ̧𣬼þȫȻ費סͷ
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˫ͫ͵󣬽·ȥȴֻ׿ɵһֱֻۣǾ޴γ𡣺һλˣƬһ
ǸƵɫǺһ׾ٵһ㣬ǿ֮ɫ
׿Ůһϲг
ذȴֺȻָ׿ΡΡû˶ûһ㡣Ӱѹȥ
С㣬ڼݺҧҧһݣʱͳɫʹȴɲٶ޴ֺ
龰ذȻʧɫ׿ķǲŵ
ѵģ˵ȻĳԽȮֵһʿ֮ࣿ
Ϊ˧µĶѾ޵У̬ˡǽ׿һȣȴ红ͯ͵ı㣬Ͳһΰ
̧һۣ׿ϷŰһЦ૳˵ܲ㣬ֻ޴Ҫ˰ɣ
һɫ׿ֱȻһ

һѱڳ˵Ķ䣬ͬʱǾ޴֮ϣҲѸͬ֩һơ
ţ׿һʹһ¡Уֻ޴˲鿪ΪƬƬмڵء
Ļ˶ˣذȮˣǾֻ鶼
Ͻ촸ƷһȻѪֱ֮Ӹˣ
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ǿ㱣δţδһԸӡ
ԭΪµһʿ֪ʲôˣ죡
һ԰й۲ܱͺ񣬴ʱҲŵɫҰס׿ʵҪֲٱֹ
Ĵ˵Ǻ˲ǳô
񿴵ö޳ˣ鱨ֳˡ
׿ƮһŵذǹһĨаЦݣո˵ʲôƻϸһ𣿡
һʿĭذһ졣
Ҳһ亹׿Уֻη塣ô˵ҲȮְ֮һͶ
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Ǻ׿עϣȻâһóһղһģһľ޴Բ˺ݺ׿ȥ
ǣ׿ȴѹûһֻۣһ˦֣һֻ޴Ҳ˲䱻׿ϡãΪ䵽˵ϡ
ֱۿһǱ֮˲ˣ
̲ͫסһֱģ׿񣬸ӺȻһУͽȮֵһʿǿˣ
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һһֻ۰ͷ亹ֱðһƬ磬ƺһ㣬ֻǲ˼ض׿þ÷һ졣ֻĿ־壬˶ףеǷ
ؿһԵĲһۣذѾȫʱ״̬ٿһа׿Сŵÿ޳ˡ
ڣΪκö˶˵ô
ڲԶܱȻŹͷݺݶ׼׿ţͷһƬ亹Ը˼ֵĽɫҲǵһθɰ


397 ߵ
ݣ
һɫĹӰƿռʣ׿ȥһȴǽⲻǱģһ֧֧ɫĹ
ƿգӿϮ֮ڣ
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ÿһ֧ͷֱָ׿ҪλáЩδ׿ȻеһɼĵĴʹС
ǰǵľƾ죿üͷ΢΢һ׿һеľ죬ͷ˹ս֣ȷЩͣ
ذʮּɵؿ׿ɫأ㡭֪ܱ𣿡
ţҼҲɸ磬Ļ˵ģȻһЦ׿Ϊֻϲ̽鱨ʵҲܰԵģλֵľҲжˣ
˵ţ׿̧ұۣЩʸķ򣬺âţǻһŵĻȣĹǿҲвֻۣ
ض׿ţذѾ֪ǵһУȻأҪ䲻ѣܿϧܱǸ⡭
ߣСӣӦʿյĿ࿴ɡ˵ЩǵһϢǹȥˣ۾΢΢һУذȻһЦһץŲ͵˷ȥ
׿һ㶣ȻԶԶذЩã
ڴʱͻ
Щ纣˰һ׿Ĺȴɢ˷ȥһȦ󣬲׿ѸͷԵ׿ĸҪ
ֻһ㲻ͬˣǾǴʱ˿̵׿ȻЩȫλΧҲûŲ߸񵲵ء
Ҳ˵׿ʲôһĻҲû취ڸˡǶȭҲܽϸǶס
ģ֮أ
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Ůˣһ󼱡
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׿޵Уһû뵽ġ
ڣҲ֪𳤷ĸ룬Ƕôȷ˼һ·˵𻨵ؿ߼ңڣûеİ
̸ܣô˭ǵ𰡣
ڣǾǷ֣žȻҸﶷڣҲǹġ
׿ƽˡһǲģһǲسŵģѾһɣҲϣٷһɣҿɲĴˣ۾΢΢һУ׿ɫ
Ϣһͣذ࣬ɽ׿ǶֵĻһĵرĸӡ
ھȻ˼ֺ˵سŵ޳
ߵͨ죬޲Ҹضȥ
Ȯֵһʿսңս޲ʤ޲ˡȴһСѵ⣬ѵöһŽҲˡ
ûа취ʵΪ˼ʵǿ˵޳ܾ޳ܣ˵žţΣֻܹԹŰˣ
ȻĻôȭͷ˼Ӳ
̻ȮַǿΪ׿ĸ֣˽ûһ仰ԡ
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Ȯȴмô˾ˣƾʤ߷䡣ڣʹŴݣҲûн
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׿üͷһзĹǱЦΪҲ𣿾ȮʹţҵףдһܼңҲȨ͵Ʋǡ
˵ţ׿ȭͷǺӿɱֱ


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׿ܼң飡
ͻȻ׿ɱȻֹɢʱһĴȴأȻ𡣽ţ𳤷һҴҵظ˹
Ȯʹŵˣ۷⴦ã
бƳƳ׿Цһة֪ǸʲôҲӦǴɱҡ
׿ܼңϷͣҲǽ˽˶Թ޹ءɱǣֽƷչҲܲ¸˾ŲʮǾ׿ܼҪĽ
𳤷Ļϲ⣬Ȼ֪׿ĴȻ֣֮֮֮֮ص׿ܼҽտϷŹǵĻϷұ֤պһ׿ܼ洦ġǴˣӦòϷưɡ
ؿһۣ׿Ƥ΢˼
𳤷˼ȮʹŶȮֱԪ˧ذɽļ˺ĸֿѡǳ˧ûӾ°
ʱ޷Ǿ
һ˭ɵ˭׿ɱ˼ңԴԼȥܡ׿ʲôˣ𣬵ʱ϶ңȮ˿ӡ
ԻʵҲѡһ·ôһʵ˯ҪЦѵѡˡ
Ȯֹȫ־ɳǣ۰˼һϡ׿ǵ£Ҳ׷Ѿҳ壬׵սϡ
һʵ۲˸ʵάȶ˳ѵȮ֣磬һá
ʱˣȫңֻлʵһӮˡ
ν̵ְ
תת׿ץȭͷɿһЩϵɱҲ¡𳤷ˣǳһ׿ԴΪأŹǣһ󳩿졣
˵ʡİ
ǣ׿Ҫˣ׿ЦĻȴֳĶԣˣةˣǷһɣԺҪúû
Ӳһ𳤷ҡͷʧЦ
СӻǵôߣЩ˷ˣԴҶкôȴúֻһһ
ϸϸȮֵĹϵ׿ԵҲЦŵͷã͵ϷǷһ飬պвǲ
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׿ˣȴǰã˳㽫ŮǣǻͻȥԼȥ졣
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˰Ȼȥֿ𳤷ȮԶȥıӰ׿аһЦͫһţ৵һ˸Ӱ
ಣ
ƿ죬ӰȻ׿ԭȵλãҿ˿һҧгݣ̸ܣСͨ죬ײβû˸ŵβͣһת۾ûӰˣô
ȱ˵Щȥͳɣְ˸ˣҡͷ̾ϢһįһӰ
˰̾һҲǽϣûټ
ٴαһƬ֮ءֻ˶û֣زʱ΢䶯
һʱʹУ𳤷һǰ𾪵ذͺĦˣԱһذһ۰Ĳ
ŵһźںĶܣǶţ⾹Ȼǵ֣ܱ
ڼһǰ󣬶ȫˡ
ôҲţȮսʿڶĸֳ֣û˵Էһëû˵Լ˷˼ɴˡ
𳤷缰ʱĻǴѾܻŻˡ
ʱ˿̣ذǹ˲׷жΣֻǱǰпʵԸӡ
׿µĸְ
ɨһۣ𳤷糤̾ҡҡͷϷ͸˵ҪСӣǡ
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ܱǰڵϣ̿ͷɡ
ˣ
Ȼһ󲨶һ䶯󣬺Ӱӵ˳Ǳ˱ȭȻ𳤷ةˣϣ׿Ȼβ͡׿һ¾ͲӰֻβͣҶϡǴŻȥˣҲû
ߺǺǺǡһǱµˣ׿Сӣ˼ܣթҪºβֻͣǵײ˶ѣ
мЦһ𳤷ֿķ򣬵ͷ޵㵹Ǻܴ֪һʱϷæ
ةޣʵ׿̫̬¹ȫҲֻȫûķݶֻة˳ˡ
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Ŷüͷһذһ⣺С˵˸ոտѾɱ˰
ÿɷҡҡԴ𳤷簵ЦСӵĿ֮ɲֻǷò׵ļơǰǷ׺ģǸϷ򿴵ģϷ档Ǹʱ˭ǣҲ͵˭׽ڣƾҲ֪Ϸǰ֮ͨ˰ɡ
ʲô
ͫһذϴ󼱣Ǻã
˰֣𳤷˿⣺ްıı𣬾ıԶù⣬ıȴûô˼ɡ֪ΣƸôչôչͷѾֹˣ
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üͷһ£𳤷һеãĳΪ׿Ƿ֣ϷҲҴƱһ򣬾һϷһ͸ȥҲˣһ
Ŷüͷһһ档
𳤷ųһߣ׿ͣӦδѵҲ͸
ƺ˼𳤷ȻһЦҡҡͷҲڰټǰܿһ㣬֮ȴȫ͸ˣ˵ȥΪǳսУһ˶֮£
ʲô£ذһɻ
ʧЦҡҡͷ𳤷糤̾һ䣺һŭΪգǴΣϷһμΪһŮʧȥǣڷУȴǼԴŴǰ֮С
ڴǼΪǵģҲôˡҲǴһοʼҲ㲻͸ϷҲⴧ˼ڷתĵûܰյõ
һ𳤷Цһ֪ϷΪθԸ¶ҲҪǰɡΪϷҲԤϣʱǷ侲
ԣһ̾ǹʦĦдһжûκιкۼˣµİ
һ棬׿һСڣһϮӰ


399 ̸
ˣ
һβ׿ʶɨΧһصĶûκ֮˸棬ŰȻǸݣǺ˵Ķ档
û뵽гһգ㾹ҳһֱԴû̧˿ò
Цһ׿ÿɷҲˣ겻ȸ裬ĸɡ
ߣסӦ֮в֮֮䣬ûôཻԣ豭һڣȴ纮һ䡣
üͷһ׿Цߺȣ˰ŲھͰԴš
ţҡҡͷ˶ȻҪɱңʱԣҲĶ֡ȻԼӦòֻɱô򵥰ɣ
ؿһۣ׿ȻһЦ˵ͷԭˣЩȷ˲٣ֻʵļƣҲˣеϹķ緶
ӲһŲ豭΢΢˽ȴû˵һ仰ֻǼ裬Ȼ
촰˵ɣҼ̽ӵĻرƺλͣŲ
ôҪԴвңȻ׿û˵꣬ǺЦһߣûõģҵɶĬҵоⲻҵİѱ
ˣҲҪвʲôֻһ£ûȤضӰ׿һһٵŲһϣҲ̤һţ
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˰ɣǿǳˣ˴ŭİ𣬼ǾԲȥǵģ
ؿ׿мƲƲ죬Цظظ֮㶥Ҳֻˡ
˵ʲô
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һЦ׿һçԣҿʲôӻ۹һǣҶǿĶࡣ㣬ҲȲϣĸ֣̫Сˡ
ֹסһǺ˵ԭأƺʲôþò
׿ôصš
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Ȼ׿Ҫ뿪ȴǼ֮ѳɣܹ֤ʤһأ
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ĵ޳ƺҲް㾪棬ֻǵһЦһ£Ц׿ܼˣ֪к£ǰ̰
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˵޳ѵذڰ֣Ц
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ǵõ˵һ˿ɵеĳɡʱҾͲȻԸȴϣŹҾ͸һС
䣬׿յ޳ϸ˼䡣
޳ʱûʲôӦԽȴԽֻͫȻȫҪ͹õˡ
׿ܼңǴֱʰҪһͳ½𣿡̲ͫס޳һؿ׿
׿ȴȻһЦÿɷûôϾҲǴıʿΪǧ﹦ӦûܸȤ
޳һ΢΢ͷȴüȷǰ޹˵Ĵ󹦼Եŵĵ̣ҲӦûʲô⣬ΪϷƫҪͶң
ΪңЩĶֻҲṩ
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ҲǿôֻҪҰһ£Ҿ͵̤ҵĴˡ֮ǵŵĴܼңôôʧҲʧ̫󡣡
޳תת͵صͷ
׿ȻһЦִսĶ߿ʼˡ
ˣеӲ£ʹ֮ӳ֮˵ݣŤתǬˡ


400 
պֵʵ۰֮գ´⣬ٹٳأȮʹף٣°˼ʥһƬٲʢٹͬ죡
׿еشͷβһݹ˧ֻǱߣǹǸʽаЦ
ⳡ磬һеĿʼҲһеսᣬŰɣߺߺߡ
۾΢΢һУ׿һ⣬Ȼ߳šѾúʱ׿ȴǲǰһ
ֻ׿ƽɢϲûٽպһ󣬾˵Ӣΰ
ǵѺ˪Ůǰһ˫֮ĪĹâ
ٺٺ١׿ܼңҪȥװӢ֪ҪԵٻŮˣͳЦһ̾
ƺҲæͷ׿ȴǲÿɷһЦձٵôҲøӲǣô˵µһܼҵš
ף׿ֵܣƽʱɲЩΰôաͳһ㶣ʵ
׿ȴǻҡҡͷûشֻǿƺ֣صƺһܷκ£㶼ҪšΪһҼľ
ƺһ㶣ԣ΢΢˵ͷ
УĸСǵ飬Ǽס𣿡ţ׿ֿħĹ
ںشЦһɷг׿ܼҷģĲ˵ǿеĺܣ
ʲô飬׿ָʲôһ㶣治֮ɫ
׿ȴǲÿɷҡҡͷЦûʲô߰ɡ
ɻֻܺɵؿһۣ뿪ֻǣҪǰʳǵʱһƺͬһ׿ȴѡ˪ͬһ
ⲻӲ죬ͬʱһʧ䡣
˪ǲһ˫շһĨ糺죬Ҫܾ׿ҪȴȻصȥ˳ǿӲקϣаЦ˪ƺԸͬһ
ǣӦúСǡҴѲһˣѶ׿ĸ飬֪ܲ
ң׿ΪҴܼңһһͣҲáһģ˼ҵߵ̫ܾЩΡ
׿ȴûôֻིϹаЦݣ˵һЩĪĻҪϰһˣǽ󵥶ദӻܳ
ʲô
˪һض׿ţ˫ոͨ졣׿֪Ǻ⣬ֻ仰ɵȴȻֱ
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ûпһۣ׿ôУԶǷһУϤݡ
ҵĳڵ۶Ĵϳ۳ңܿ˻ʳǰ̫Ӵλӣѹ⡣
ֻǼĴǻϲЦ̫Ҳ΢΢׵Цֻж£͵һ飬ƺʲôʹ°㣬һ
ȫ˼̫ӺӶ˱˴˶һۣղ㲻ȥǰӭ
֨ѽһŴ򿪣Ѻƺӵһ̧߳׿˿棬ȴǲһ㶣׿ܼأ
ʱڶŴ򿪣׿лǣһͨ˪֡
˼ˣһƺЩʲôѸĹĵؿŶˣдⷭڣʲôʱϵģ
Ⱔǧ̫㣬̫࣬Ƿʤ
ֻ˶ûпڲԶӿǵʱȴ̲ͫסһϷ˹Źֵĸ֮ɫ
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׿Ҳϣֻǻ˰֣Цӣʵ˵ǰǼٵģβģ
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˼ֱţ׿ͣʵʵڷ˼ܾʹ˳Ǵ󻼡
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η۶ذ˲ϰ˰֮ʡ٣ռˣйһлûУʲô
ǲ֪ǣ̻Ȩ
ʵף٣գȻռˣȻô׼ʵأ
߼Ȯֱӣ벻ͨġ
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˶𣿡ʵۺ΢˫Ŀһ㣬ݼš
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Цһʵۻԣִһӣݺݵѹһֲоϣǧǰʼʵʩչ޵ģߣ
ȭͷݺһץʵȻתȥԽ̣ϡ


401 ɽͼ
¼ݵ
һɤ𣬻ʵۣлĴϣǸʮλӵ
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ʱ̫ٴŲʵǰһȭ°ݣЦʰٳٹڣպرһ񣬹ףʸٰɽ̣꣡
Ŷ̫һӱݺ޿ҪúÿһӦûʲôĲõĶɣǺǺǡḧ룬ʵ쳤Цһ֣
䣬̧̹һǰţؽչ
ʱ䣬Ũīƣɷ裬ͣƫ档ֻǻ֮ϣǸһˮīɽˮɽΡ룬ˮҪӻĳһ
ǻ½λãŲԾ֣
̲ͫסذ粻ɴһеǡݵһˣ黭Ľɽͼ𣿡
ذιǺλǰеĴɽͼ
΢΢һ̣̫ӰȻͷڳˣԺ֮ɫ
׿һ㶣һƻѣʲô˵ġʵΪ磬һ㻭ٺãëã
һ̣׿ȫļֵҲΪλȮ˧˾ˡ
֪Ȯ֣ݶһ֥Сѡǰ˰ǰȴһˣʵھݣ黭ν˫һ֮ʮţΪݵ֮ĵһ֣
һݣȻؿ̫ӣ˵ȥ
ʵеļ壬˵һ׵Ĵ˵ֻû뵽ģôһˣôһ
׿˵صˣȻͲ֪ˡ
ڳˣ־֣־صģԽϢ
̫ɤӣƺֳΪڽĸоһ⽭ɽͼʱɽˮɽվΪԼļѣ㷢ºԸպ˭ܴͼҵһԸһɽҲν
ԣ˲һݵһǻҪĽɽжɽҲⰡ
ذɫأǷüͷ̲ס˵棬Ǵ˻Уֱһɱ
УһҪѴ˻ᵽ֣
˫ͫ͵һذ뺱Ħ˴˶һۣղͷ
ȻڴʱһȻ֮ȴȻ𣺡ô̫ӵ£ⵤںδ

һ̫ͣŤͷԴȥ׿ȴ̲סɿһε˵λǰ˰ǰʧˣƮ죬û֪䡭
ң
δ䣬׿ǲмƲƲ죺Ҳһиã
ۣ
һЦȺз׿Ȼ˵Ĵֱɣȴе˼ҶѾʧ˰ˣһƻҲһͳ˽ɽֻܵˡ
ذͺĦһ㶣Ҳԣʧ˰˰ĸ֣ôһӱĳչֻһûôв
̫΢΢̣Ƴ׿һۣаޡ
̸ܣڲӵ̨ǰѾЩﶼ˰
̫ΪһȻûʲôʵôиϴ˵Ҳǰ԰԰ڣװƣָʻġ
׿һ仰һĲֵһ룬϶ĺ˰
ǣｹ֣ʵȴһƬȻ֮ɫЦŰ˰֣̫ӣˡΪ֮Ϊأߵ¡ǿһʱȽɽҲ᳤áȻûǧ֮ЧҲǿƷ޾ͽˡ
лʽ̵̫һȭмʵˡ
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Ȼ󣬴̫ӹº󣬶ִ̤ǰʵ۱ȭףʸ綫ٱɽرһԱТ֮ģ
䣬йâһһֻų߶೤ķ컭ꪺһ˵ϣ᳡ҡڲϡ
ڻһʵǰݣʵ΢΢˰֣ʾºǲ뿪
ʶǡ̲ס˶ʵƺȻһУһ̾ҡҡͷ
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ҲÿʵӣҪǻ˱ˣƳȥն˲ɡ
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龰ӲһæȵȣʣⲻǵûҺһôƷѵǷƻ磿븸ջسϸһ
ɫ΢΢˳ʵ˫Ȼһ⣬¶޼ס͸ģ㲻ҪҲҪ޲ģ㲻ǿҪҪҲûã֪𣿡
䲻˸ƺȻܵ˻ʵǳɱ⣬ΡΡص˵ͷǷ컭С
ˣʵ۲չЦգص˵ͷ
ڳȻûǰõķΧˣǸղſʶǹɣӷĲᣡ
ﶼʵ۾ôƣޡ


402 ͻ
϶ƽﶫܣʶ㲩ӦѼ˲Ȥɡ׼ʲô޵뿴һ
ڣλӶѺϣֵĴˣǸȴһѷ⾲ѹϣû˶
ʵ۲һؿһۣȡЦ
䲻˶Ӳ˲ͷϵĺˮһΣΡΡվŲ˻ʵǰЦٺٺ١ʣʵ׼һݴϵΣӣӡ
˵ص㣡ʵüͷһɫЩ
Ӵ˴ֻ֣źˮٲ£뵽ƽոʶǵĽ̻壬֮£Ī֮Ī¶ǸʵģǻʲôǸʵģͳκ񣬶ֻøʵĶ͸ʣԼĶԼĵ
ԡӲסضţʵؿӡ
һ˿ĭһͷٲԴЦԡʣ㶮ġ
ߣ޵ȻΪһ֮ޣٳ³Ψ޵ĺöӣʲôҲû׼
ʣᣬֻǾò׼κ񣬶ֻЩѣԱԸʵ𾴰֮ġ˶ʦѧһµף赸ףʸٰ
˰֣ӸæʵǰʾⲻԶʦ֣һ֧ʮֹŹֵ赸
֧Ź֣˹Źְɡ
ֻһɦŪˣգϵһȴ纣˰㣬һȥһַ
ֱ˿һθƺйδĸоȻ
ͬʱӱıҵôҲһһڳҲȫŴ˷߳ˡ
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ʵͬһһףӣݺץ˫ȭ˫Ŀ죬ƺھܡգܲˣ͵һӣŭͣ
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ͣҲǳ³һмؿ˻ʵһۣ㲻ÿǶƶӱQˣǻʶƵ
̫ҡͷʧЦһٴվʵ۹ʣȻ˲ôһ⣬Тĳֿ븸ʹͣ
ߣʲôʹ͵ģһʵоһ
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˵һ飬ȫ˶ɷֻͣɷͣоһʵЦ˵ʲôɷ͵ģ
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ʵ⻰˵ÿνأƺӵƵġǣһ֮СǼԼĶƽϣ
Ǻ׿ӣ𳤷޳˴˶һۣƺѾĪ֪Щʲô
ֻжһмƲƲ죬Ц
̫ɫ΢䣬ٴοʣʹܡ
죡һȣʵһâ̫ӣסЩ
˴磬֪ҽǸˣûʹҲ֮У㲻Ϊˣ죬̾һȰο
ȴֻЦһαӣһУֵ鰡ߺߡ
̫ӺݺҧҧڻʵĿУʵ˫ȭǽָ׶۵
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бٿ̫аһĵ׳գʴ˻ⶼôΨһʹ֮ˣ˻ʵۻ˭ʸոմԣдλ֮ⰡֻǡΪأ
۾΢΢һУ̫ٴοӷȴֻɸмؿȭ
Сӣûʸոջ֮⣬Ǹװ⣿
̫ӿӵǲŨŨɱ⡭
ţ䡢߼ҺȮʹţһһʵϺף٣ʵҲһһʹͻ
ʱٴһ˴Լ룬衣ǰӶĵ赸̵棬ˣĿеֻӦУ˼ѵüʶ
ৣ
ȻһεӰȻȺдܳ˫һӴСңʵ˻ʵǰصף彡綫ٱɽ
ʵ۲һ㶣ǰȥŮӹȻ飬Ļ󳩣Цã޽յõˣ
ģüͷһЦվʵۻǸʣҪúʹŶԡ
ǵȻֻǣҪʲôʹͣʵ۴Цһؿ
ǣ˵Ƕ˶յķ⣬ָİã״ʣ㲻Ҫҵ赸ʦ𣬾ģʸոսԣ˵ģ
һͣʵһؿ϶赸̵ģ

ɫһ죬ݺݵصһۡʵո裬ԶţֱǶ٣ֱӰ
˵ʦǲǻô
æ͵ʱϹ˵ҽ̵ĿɺˣԼѿ
ףˣԶģʵ۴Цŵ˵ͷȻٴʵ㻹û˵Ҫʲôʹأ
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ʵȻͷٴλصλãȵã׿ǰּ޽սµһܼ׿ռ飡
ʲô
һ°ϲ֮⣬ڳȫ󾪡׿ƤһƺȻϵЦ
⻹꣬ʵ۵ּոշӲ֪ˣ͵˳ʣԼ븮ʥŮ˪Ѿã븸ҲΪͻ飡
۾һʵ°ϲ
ôˣ˯ˣͷһԶ뽫ƼҴ׿Ĺ򣬰ʥŮʵٺòˣ
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ǣʵ˳ˮۣȻͷãպ³˫޾ʹͻʶ˪ϲɡ
䣬ߵͷл˪ȴӲһɫ˲ɷŵֺˮԾץס׿ơ
ǻһŵĻȣ׿ת׿һĵ񣺡ģҵˣģ
Ȼһ˪ؿ׿һۣ΢죬ȴɵƽүү֮ʹûƽ


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ôϼһʲôҪȥ𣿡һٳһڣӰһ۵ͯȴǲмСүû¾ͰСүôյĵطˣСүһԶţҩģһգôʲôô˵СүҲǿеĻ
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üͷһ׿Ц£׿£û˭ܱƵ˵ģ

һ죬ʵ۱ŭһ֮֮˵ĻʥּһԾŶ׿ôĵӣΥ޵ּ⣿
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˵ǰţǹͨȭ͸ֱۣؿڣֱ̲סһѪ˳
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û׿ܼңħĽء򹷿ˣҪǻأĵΧǻħĹЦ
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Ҳ֪ĸСһ⣬ҲͲȥ׷ˡڹؼʱ̣Ҳҳмӣֵüν

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۾΢΢һУ޳̾¹λֻһϢ֮䡣ǧѷĻҲǧѷѣǿɲ˿⡣

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İɣСѾǶûģѾˡǵ˹ؼʱ̣ȡʱģ޳صͷ
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ݣ
һƿ죬âէ֣ͨس󡭡


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ˣǹͨ׷ˣ˪̽Դ˺ǽСĺɫӰһۣɺþ
Ϊ۹ʥŮǴ˾ŮȻ֪⻤ͨǿ󡣸ղһȻ鴫׿Ҳѹˡ
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һԵ׿ȴһƵӣܲ˪̲ס´󼱡ѵˣŽ¹ͨȫһײ

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׵ɽУһȻȺɢ裬һֻȫɢ棬ĿͭС˫ޣʧط֮䣬ֻ޾Ŀ־塣
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ɺѪӿޱܵľһ£ȴΪεȴûзӦ
һֱιȥ˵ҲǼ¡ȻѪȵĳ棬Ѵ޳ˡ
ѾѾ޵ģǲҪҵҪҵĳ򰡣һֻޣû˳зʲô
㻹˼ͣ£ôĻҪ
û취ʵôԣ
ǶԳָָͨһ£ૣšļ޵ĳӦѾѼʮ˶ˣ֪ϵǱ߽еΣ
ţͨһֱ̤һȥ˲ϢӰֻͷޣɷŰ۶ѪעֹѪĶûУδ
һ棬һտĴϣͷ弶ɪɪվһţηضǰ׿ȻȥһƬĮĶͷȴ˸λεס
ĻѹƣЩ޾η׿ηܵʧȥˣ
ȫת׿кâ
ͷһ˴˶һۣȴֻܿŤתӣ֪˭ߣ
ôҲ벻ͨΪһ࣬ѹ˿֮⣿ϴô
׿ͷϵףҲ°Ц
׳ƣҪ㶨ЩޣҪһЩˡڵãһ£ȥŶ±ߣˣ
һֻ׿һĨаĻȣ˫˫
䲻һ޶ʱһͷ亹ǻ׼ã˺һ죬һʹǶȻϮͷʹһ档ѪӿֹҲֹס
ˣɣûٿһۣ׿Цһ
һ񣬼ίְ˵Ųзϵӣɭȥһ·ϵѪ˿ֲ
ޣλֵıӰȫŵ׿ǰ֮ɫ޳ˡ
ǿ弶ްɽУСͷĿ
ھȻŶӵ˼ҸԼεҲ̫ˣû취˼ѹǣֻܹԹԾͷ
˺˺
췢ֻ밧ų񷣬Ǳݡ׿ǹһаЦ˻֡
ֻֻǱ˴˶һۣУ̤ǰλֵ·һҲһһûƬСֻеһ·µѪ·ʾǸովܵ˶ôп̣
˿׿Գָص˵ͷ
һĿ͸һˣ
Ȼ·Ѱ޵ټһâȴͻȻ֣ͨӰȻ䵽ǰ
ϵѾѼʮ˶ԳأͨСͷ
׿ȴǵЦһüϵɣʮԣ
вࣿɫ˲һ壬ͨϵҲ̫ƤˡÿȥѰЩޣҶ׷ɽܡ㵹ãһǾȫԹˡȥҾҲϲȥα䶨ˣ
ͨ޺޵ض˶ţ͡
ǰ׿ɽΪҪҩģû뵽Ȼҷޣǳʱû¡
ʱ׿ģȰεһǧ޵ĳǾͽʮƷҩŻ᲻أɽҰܡ
ȿˣ֪׿ôɽ޶ĺ
һ¹ȥˣ׿׾ٵؾͳԽüҪӮȴû˿ϣˡ
ǿҲȲ׿һŶЧʿɡ
ƺеĲ׿ЦһСӣɣϵһǧֻҪϵεһǧԳ֮ǰεٶԣӮˣ
ģ۾һͨϲгһΪˣھȥ
ǣȥѰҷޣȴŤͷɻϵҪô޳ʲôѵԼĳ̫ÿ컻𣿾ʳЩŮһÿ춼ҪͬΣ
ֲŮˣûôëղһ飬׿һ˰֣ˣĻȥɣ֪ģ
ðɣνʼ磬ͨÿɷ
ֻõЩƷҩĽ׿ҪôʲôɸûëǮϵҲȥ

ͻȻͨûüȥѰҷ޵䣬һϯ쫷ȴǶȻǰι
ɲǼ䣬ɳʯգƽɽ档ͬʱһֻɣֻͷ­Ĺǰ
һȣɫڳһ÷飡
̲ͫסһ׿һżޣ׹ѻô޵Ļ򰡣
ϵĳܲãǰǶзΣͨ۾һ
䣬׿㼱סСӣ֣żޣʥеĴˡǾ֣Ҳһ֮У
̲ͫס׿һɬһĭ
ʵţ׾Ȼ޴ڣ
Ȼ֪ɽиҲ̤ĵʱȻµ滹иµĴڡ
֪֮ȥ̽ѰɽǸ޾ı⣬ûǸʱԲ׿Ȼ֮ǡ
ڣеȴͻȻ˳ֲû˿׼
ϵѹס𣿡ʱͨѵ
ԣ׿ŻعôˣǲŸæڶͷϣȼס
ǣⲻȼãһȼ֮£һֱϿշ׹ѻȴȻ˶ӣֻ˶Դ¿ȥɳףԭﰡ
˵ţֻԴϣҲȼɫĻ棡
׿ɵˡ


412 ɽ
̸ܣȻҲװ
ֻӬܣ׿պݺһ飬ʱһ
ԭǰֻĸרһ޳ڣżޣ׹ѻͬ߱˵͸ѹƲˡ
һ۱ʵż࿹⣬ֻڻҵķݶ˰

ȶյľ޳ᣬת˲ǰӴ˲ͽǾ޴ӰУ˿һ˿͸
һ׿˿ĭͷ亹ֱð
⼸죬ɽɱޣ׹ѻֻ˶ͷ­ջмһֻԴ΢΢죬³ԣʵ
׿ͷһԴٲ°ż޾ǲһǾȻѾߵ˵ĵزˣͲöԸˡ
ǣɲֻǵƾˣҪȡҲԽѡ
ǣ׿ƶԲߣͨںͦͦСظ󷽳ϵǣҪأ
СϹ˵ǡֻԲɱٺٺ١æסͨͣ׿˲ͷˮЦһȴȻ˺ס
׹ѻһ־ѯ⼸֮£Ծʦġǰʱ̣Ȼܺһʱһʱƭһһ̣Ҫսûܣôɴسأ
Сӣ̫ˣȱЩ˵ǸɽЩ޸ϣĳһֱ
ؿ˶һۣ׹ѻֻͷ­˴˶һۣ΢΢ͷǿ׿ͷȼŵǵʱ·͸ȷһ㣬ûˣǡɣҼҪǣ
ʲôˣ
żޣˣ
ˣһţƺĴڣ
ɵ׿̲סԽɬ촽˰ӷŻعôҲ޷ţһףһСС۹֮ڣȻԻ˿µĴڴˣ
ûһӣΪһԳ涼ãֱ׹ѻһȦ͵ˡ
¼䣬˭˿ɵУ
һµĴڣǺηʥ
һʱ䣬׿֮Уܿ죬ַ·뵽ʲôһĪľ⡣̧׿˿׹ѻͷϵףص˵ͷ
ߣ˵ȥˣСүҪȥСүʲôˣ֪ͨУ֪ģǽ֮кһҲڲͣظԾżĿ´ڵͷҲһĳ衣
ͷ·һ壬Զ̧ǽС
׹ѻҲ֣ԹͨôСƨŰ裬ȴ˿ûӹصŸ߰ͷ­ǸСү㲻ϣǿҲҪߡͷϵ𣬾ͣλӵѹõġǧҶ֣
٣־Ͷ֣СүԳĴȭͷûʲôѹ㲻ɣͨߣߣӣҪǰɼܣȴǱ׿һס
ϸϸ˼׿΢΢˵ͷãǸȥˣǰ·ɣ
·;ңԶұȥ
׹ѻ΢΢׿Ƭ̣˵ͷͨȥ
ͨЩϵǲǷˣСү磡
ǺǺǡôû˼õ˵ȥСô˼ˣĻǻͷǿɾе㣬ƲԳԷƵ˼ˡʱȥȥȴرʵǶȡˣʱһհ
׿Цһо˸˸ңϵҲһλظ֣һЩɻ󣬻أ
˵ţ׿ָһһС貵Ĺâӳսò׵ĺͫУþòɢ
ˣ
һȣ׹ѻųٴη֮ϣźһȶת˲֮䣬׿ͨǹѻϣ˲һ㣬Ȼǰһ䣬һİĵط
ףô£ѵϵĿͫһ˲ͨͨһ㶣Ѿȫһľɫ
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˻
һͨضǸ޴̾ԭô𣿡
ǵȻˣҲ˵ƴϵ˲ƣһƶһأܵù׿ЦһĹͨԴ
׹ѻƺҲʮָˣβͣȴûֳʲôǫѷ㼿벻үķۣ
˵ţ׹ѻٴһȳ˲ɽȥ;Щײеĸ߽ޣλ;ȫɫһ࣬ʱŹӭ·в˼żޡ
ֻŤʳޣҲȫͣעĿ񣬿ɼɽĵλͬСɡ
ͬޣηͷ°ɡ
벻׾ȻԾżޣͬԿܵѹãԴǡ
۾΢΢һУ׿·ظ߽޵ĳ֮ﶼֻǱʳ³־ɡ
ǣⷲ׵ɽڣȻ˶ĸ߽ޣʤɵǣܽЩͳԦ֮Ĵڣ
뵽׿¸ӼȻεĻ棬Ȳˣ
ʱ׹ѻ䵽һƵĸɽϡһڵɽӭɽǰ·һֻĺͫڸƬɽֵһƵġ
˵ľ˰ɣ
׿ؿһɽֻ׿ǲϴܶޣ³һ
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ҪǶȫеĻƾ͵ʮˡ
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Ҽ˾Ⱥɣ׹ѻȾ޴ĳһ׻չˡ
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˶ǵ֮֮֮˭˭ǲҲвӦԡ
˿׹ѻȥǣӦûʲô⡣
ǣ˱һ̹ȻɽڲȥԽ棬Խ

ͻȻһɫĻ涸ȻȼյɽһƬͨ
ɫĹâһѻڶǰλϵģһ׿ζεϤӰ
Ǹ󺺣һϮۼ°ϹŸO@ĺ΢΢һаĻȣǺǺǡСһּˣ
Ȼ㣡оâһ׿ͬЦ
һ棬ܲǣصǧһ޴ĵ¹㳡У̻ŵʽͼֻ׶ߣľйɵطֲڲ࣬ΧһȦ½мʽ
һҲʽ뷢죡
Ƕǲߣӡʽʲôɣ޳üͷվʽ֮⣬ǵ
һЦԪһ̸֮ɫߺߺߣǰϼһ֪õҪضü˵£ѡǿʱضǻַ׵֮ϷĵλҲҪ᧿ΣˡϷȰ췹ʱǾ㷢ˣҲֻҡǿߺϷһ˶ռ
ǡ
ˣ춯ְɣ޳ЩǣȴԪϣߴٵ
ؿһۣ޳̾˿ûа취ֻнᶯӡһ
ৣ
һâڣˢΧľŵ˲ʽмȻֳһ貵Ĺⶴ˻淢
ͫ΢΢˶Ԫ漤һ̤͵س˽ȥţٴˢ춯ǹⶴˡ
ֻ޳ٴƽĵ棬µǡ
λԪδɴ񼼣ӡѿûչѹһӡɾͳ鷳˰


413 
лǰξ֮Ȼ֪ǵڴɽд֮ˣ׿ݷ
ؿһۣȴЦǺǺǡСһϷ򲻹ȺоȹһζѣŴʩ֮
ǰ֪Ǵǰ֮ŴεɴȣҲ͸ǰûʲôˡǰС׿ٴιֳ羴
˽ض׿ãȴҲ٣ȴҡҡͷЦްϷҲкα𡣶ˣ׻ڰɣϷ򿴿
һ㶣׿ԣºɣ֪ʲô̡
Դ˵ʵвģҲûã˳¡Ǳ˵ͷָһ飬ʱȼһɫĹâҫɽ֮ڡ
˼ף΢΢̲סһòȻͷ̾˿Ȼˣ׾ȻȫˣСӣи
ǰ˻ν⣿Ӳһͣ׿С̽
Цһ˿Цҡҡͷ̾ʱҲ¸ˣױϷ֮ϷͨףҲ൱ж
͵һ׿ֺȻֻ鲻ͣתʱ̱˼ʲô
ƺ룬ȻЦЦÿɷҡҡԴСӣҲ̫ˣ΢ĩУϷܶʲôͼʱ̹ע㣬Ҳʲô⣬ȥѡϷһƬģĪˣ
˵ȻЩ΢֮⣬׿²һݣ΢΢˵ͷ
ţ˱ֻû뵽ûùڵױϷʧȥϵᷢ״ֻֿܡһ׳ˣڵ˵ǧѣһֿܣΪУ͸ˡôϷһֱ˼⣬һǱ˰Сӣܵôףǳֻǲ֪λµĸͽ
΢΢׿Ĭ˼
Ȼʥľ֣ʥϵĴڡûŪĿǰ˵Ϊ
ȻǰȻ֪ѪӤѪħ£ûжԼ⣬Ǿ˵ѪħûаëǮϵԼѪħˣҲ⵽֡
뵽׿æһȭǰµȷʥѪħϵˡ
ƨ
Ȼδ˵꣬һЦѪħ浱꼴߳ƣҲһʥߣһѪӤ֮ͨнǰϷ㲼ַ쾫Գڵۼָ˵ɣϹʮۣ˭ʦ
̲ס˶׿´󺧡
û뵽۹⾹˶ֻӾǰµһʽܴ忴ʦС
ϹʮۺѪħ涼ϤԷǵ֮ٿ֮У֮Īǡ
һˣ׿ͷ亹ֱ£
ڴǰһ㣬û˿ּۻ۵ʸ񡭡
ضţһֱ˵˲ЦһСӣϷݺһʲôû㲻˵ϷҲܲ¸˾Ųʮˡ
㲼ַҾͨѪӤ֮ͨϹʮУͨ쳹֮ܣϲѼطھˣҲֻоǸϹ˰ɣ
ٴκݺ׿´󾪣ŵؿˡ
û뵽˻һ¼УƽյĽַСϣħ۴һ¡
ɼжô㷺ˡһħʸֱС׼װ
ǰ۹ؾһ׿޵ʵµȷþħ۵ĴУȴԵ䱾ʵź
ǺǺǡ䱾ǿˣģľԩ˰ɣЦҡҡͷ˳̾һʮÿ˽һŶͨ۵˫ͫԵ۵ȭΨоӶΪܣΪα۸֡ĴҲȷͣѼ¹һӲƾֶζ䣬Ϊǿ֮һ
ѼɲᣬΪ¼Ϊ֮رֻϷû뵽ǣѪħѪӤ֮Ҳ㵽ˣʵѵáСӣܵôر൱һʮ֮ͨ⣬ھУУ治Сʵƽ󸣱
׿æصͷͷ亹
벻ֻλǰѾ֪¼֮ˡرʥǱˣҲɥġ
ãò۹ߵĺܣϹʮͬмᱦ֮¡Ȼ¼Ƴ籸ҲӲƽ
ĻҪס
뵽׿һǹʵǰԣƺϹʮǾʶ֪ǡ
ϿȥкãȻȴûش𣬷ʵ
Щɬ촽׿ص˵ͷǰѾȥˣǰףҲͨϿ״ֻǲ֪ǰҪ׽ۣ⡭ͫ
䣬׿ͫȻɫĹ⻷ڷ⡣
̲ͫסһؿ׿ţ΢΢һű㽥󼸺ֵ˺ʱŴЦϲãҵˣϷֻҪѧͫͲϷһ֮
ȻҪǿͫ
ֻǲ֪Ҫɿͫòɡ
ǣ˼룬ٴδЦһڻϣСӣ㲻֪Ϸ˭۾úÿǣ
䣬Ȼ죬ɫĻ滯һӰչ
̲ͫס׿ɵһϹʥ֮ף
Ȼ룬֪˴ݣֹס٣Ȼ
ʥޣϹʮͬȵĴڣ֮档
ֱۼɰ˵Ǹǵħʸ֣һҲֻϰѡ
ҲΪˣ֮Ϣֻ޸ǰΣ
˵ˣߣǰҲֹסĲѡ
˵ǰϿҲʥ޳룬ʱϾʥѾˣֻʣһֻšǻĴڡ
ֻӰѹһˣ
ϹʥϴĿϢ
һ׿ɬһĭͷٲֹס¡ͨеض׿󣬴ʼһ仰û˵óĬ
ƺǰҲˣ
ЦЦӰ˻׿УֹסϲãǾĵĴˣϷûпȻϷôǿԽһˣ
һ
׿һ㷡
ԼȻͼģֻͼʲô


414 ֮
ǰзԸǣ׿һȭƼΪɡ
ضȴʧЦһףĵͻͷúܣΪĴˣҲʡ͵ĵƣϷɲſںԡ˵ˣϷ˵û㱨һϷҲԲȻӦϷȻкô
ҧҧ촽׿˲Ĭ
˵ƺܺƣҲǿˣȴԦ֮Ϊף׿ίߣȥµĻʧֻ
Ի֮µĶ
ֻ׿Ҳף£һΪѣ֡ûȷ֮ǰǲ׵ͷ
ؿһۣͷܺã˼Уı㵹оĵЩ緶ϸϸǣϷ򽫴½ȥ죬ҲĶˡڴ֮ǰϷһǾǣɷӣϷ̵
˵ţĿͶ׿ĹͨȰĹâ
ʲô
һгͨɪŶ׿󣬲̽ͷ
ǰСӣҪʲô׿Ҫǿס
üͷ΢΢һؿ˶һۣȴЦѵѵãǶ˾һʣȻи֮á⺢һ壬Ϸ̵棡
˫̲ͫסһ׿תתеĲѾԽԽ
Ͽ˰ɣױŰ꣬㲡⺢Ͽڣб常ƣӦҲǵ׿ϡ֪ϷݣϷ丸ͬΪʥֵܣϷٺʲ
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Ȼ䣬ͨǴһ޵СүСϿѣôͳ֮ˣ
һ㶣ɻؿ׿Ͻǲ֮ɫ
׿Ҳ㽫ͨһһʮ˵һ顣գĬüͷ壬òų̾Ȼص˵ͷԭˣǰ
ôˣǰ׿üͷһɵ
ô˵ͨҲӣһЩ²⣬ҲҪõ֤ʵ
Σ˹ͨһۣǰϷɽһ쳹ءϸϸȴֵŭɡǰϹʱڣǼֵܸЩᣬ㱻Կ֮ͫڣ֮ࡣȥҲôͦˣкαǵʱ־Ȼок
Ϸ⣬ԾܲסˣԼ뵰Լʱɥ֮¡ƴȫ⵰ӳ˽磡ǿŵģ㣬ͨ޸ĸڳˣһ츳֮ʥУҲûһӮģ
ԣͨȫסˡȻţϸϸϿпǳŵ˸УضѪԵµˡ
Լ׵ǰܲ᣿
׿ҲȻͷǰ֪覵ʽУһȱڣͨض򿪵ȱڣԼ뵰ӳ졣
ȻֻܴôһСӣɼ۵ͫжôˡ֮촦ֻһֻš
ΪþȫٵӿˣţҪͨͳĻ뻹һôɣ
뵽׿Ҳɵó̾һĵɽˡ
һģǸɽʱϷ˸ܵϤϢ⣬ζһϣʥ޵ıԶġϷ׹ѻȥǹһѯͨСԴ̾ӣóһ󲮲Ŷԣ
ͨû˵ֻǱСҧ촽˫Ŀˮ
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ǲһ׿ЦһԼұ̧𣬷΢΢âֻ̾ʣˡ
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ȻȫǾħ۵ط׿ȴüͷһողһ˿˸УʧӰ٣һؿ
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ߺߺߣʥ֮ĸҲˡ
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۾΢΢һУ׿ѾȻأȴɲֳ̾ǰڰ˳䣡
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׿ȴǸæڰ֣ЦǰˣõôࣿԭֻǴ㣬ռһǧԶѡǰ̧׼ܵʵڸмֻ˶µĽָװˣ
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Ȼ䣬һ֣ͽСɽ˫ȫнָ֮ڣݸ׿Ц
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ǰޣһнѣ׿һݣЦ
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׿ɿһЩεӣ
ܵܣͨҲǺЦ
ԣȸųΧŶһת˼ŮӣŮӡ
Сӣ趼𣿡ɴЦһȡЦ
ϻֲ֣ʲôۣ
η۶׿°ȴֳǫذ˰ݣЦҵǰЦˣˣǰոǡ
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ЦһĪľ⣺СӣһҪ㣬ڱɽʶϷԻʥ֮ף׻һ㣬ԴףĻ𡣿飬ȥǴ澫ʶ
СӣȻϷĻסԴĻʮʱ䣬ò뻯龳ˣͣʵڿϧ
𣬵ҲûҰ׿һ㶣³˾죬аûڡһֱ̿ʵΪڿڱߡ
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ԭ뵽ˣʶӵͨʱҲǴ׿ʼ𣿵ʱôû뵽ΪԼأ
һˣ׿ʱᣬо⼸궼ķˣ
ҡͷЦһԭϷףҲֻ뻤ԪǰȥϿһ̽ѣûġȻѾϷڣݣ͸˸󡣿ϧ˴ϻ֮ˣûв򵽣ǺǺǡ
̲סһ飬׿һ޾ɬ


416 
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ͬʱָһӣöɵ䣬ֻص׿
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һ׿ͣŽָƷǾһЩ鱦ϡв⣬ľʥʯˣа֮ࡣ
ʥеʥ壬ҲĪĲƸ
Ҫ֪Ҫʯʮ֮ϣʥ󡣶Ҫʥ󣬱Ҫʥʯɡ
ʥʯĿʥҲڸʥϡ١һ֣Ͱʥʯģ׿ֱ֡
ʥ޵ϴ󰡣ķǷ
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׿΢һͷȸٴָؿ˹ͨһۺ󣬱СԴ̤̾׹ѻı
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׿ܼǵĶ
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417 ߳
ҹ岼
۶ʳڣ鷿һƬƻͨŴҹ죬ڵȴһ棬üͷ
ʱİ̾Ҳ봰ķңӳ˵ǳ
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ߺߣİ׳գȻס̤ϵź׿ҸСȥˣ
΢΢һ֣¶ЦݣεĿ⣬޵ӿɽ̣


418 ӡ
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޺޵ŭһַ׿޳ŭѵһһܼң֪ҵŵŹ˹ϵҵŴ飬Ƕ˾͸ˣңǻԪǲѣʮһգվ޷ͻƣܹܵ˰֮
ôӡ֮𣿲УϷǵðȳɣ
˵ţַǿʼӡ׼򿪷ӡˣ
ǣôðʩȣǵŵһǻƾһûʲô˵ġ
ؼǣǰ˵ıշˣɾûʲô¶ˣ
ΪŴ󹩷ǿߣǾҲӦ֮ﰡƾʲô˷һվͻƲ˵ӹϣ
һˣбһһģ
ǣӡ޳Ǹæһ֣ץס˫ֹȰ󹩷Ī嶯ضðʱʽְӳʱǿɾ˷۱ʲô̲˰
ԣַתתڽӡȴȻͣϸϸ˼ŵʧ
оһ޳ƺȻ˼ƵģһȰ˵֮ʣܹ˳ȻãһСģڡȻźô˵껹ڣʱǵʧҲ̫󰡣
仰ν˵Ŀʱ˽ӡ˫֡
԰СˣֻϷʸˣαΪһʱ֮꣬δΪǰ;

ʱǴִ֮һ׶Ĵ̹ǵ˻ⲻûַ׸ӷߣСӵʣɹӦòϷĵȺˣ
ţַ׳̾һص˵ͷԸܹΪģӰɣ
˵ţַתȥĻȴңңƮ޳ڣΪɶӣϷʮڴտĺˣ
ǾͶл󹩷ˣңңһݣ޳л
ַױ˻֣ܿ첻Ӱ
Цһ޳ҡͷַ׵˼ܲ²˵տǼӶѡ
͵ȴ֮УԪûˣüѰ
һ㣬̴ȴǹˡ
Ҫҧ꣬ɽУȷֱΪԴԴϵ֧ţɹȴǴ˺ܶࡣ
ֻҪ񲻱ԼĻֻҪǷʹ࣬Ӧþܳɹ
ԪȻǲѣ֮λҲԸ֮
޳ĳɹʣģ
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һ¹ȥˣÿ춼˻밧ԽԽߣǵڳ˵ĶĤۣȴ˿ûκή֮״
ⲻûַһƣָ㣬Сôأ
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Ǹæкˣ˫ֽӡ򿪷ӡ쿴涯
Ȼ˳֣¡һ죬ǿ̻Źĵ棬ȻѿͬʱϼһԡѪӰش˳
ۿȥȴǻԪɣ
Ȼһӣɹʱɽǿƣȴڳ˶һݣȻףʱѾ̥ǣʵˡ
ǿ־أǷ紫˵֮ȴȫ֪ˡ
󹩷ַ׼ˣ˫Ŀͨ죬ҧгݡĪСӣĳɹǰ˵꣬ıշˣ

޳ˣɴϲæһǰֵϲɣ
Ԫص˵ͷ¶һοЦݡ
๩ȴһֱԿţûʲôʾ
ʱ֪˭صδλԿӡ󣬿ΥŹġʣʸ𣿡
һ˽ЦͷԪȴƤһ˫ͫȻҰްѪâ


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̧׿ȥֻǸ׺ӵߣ¶ЦһɼΪ׺ȴǵŻַ֮µģڶ
ڳ˶֪һԻַհոЩҲ˵˻ַ˵ֲ˵ˡ
һЦַۿһУƾ϶ͷԼȴ翴Ϸһ㣬۲죬Ĭ
˵ʲôϷû鷳˵һ飡Ƥ΢΢˶ԪɫƣȥȴǹһЦ
ĵؿһۣ¸ӣҲͲӰ̧̧ͷſڵϷ˵ѡ

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бۿ˿׿ЦһȻϳϣҸ㣬֮ڣһҪʮƷҩ鵤ġ⼸ǼٸСӣڶҲʹﵽƷʦĲζѡƷҩʧʱضߡҵʮ鵤ңֻԸ߽ҩģЧˡ
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ͬʱԴ˶ˣһ˵һˡ
뵽ĸͷҪ޳ĳ嶯
ң׿ڶ˰ǣҪ־ͶڤȿǾԸģǵ
ڤѾϲٳˣôҪǣӣ۸ǲǣ
˱˴˶һۣһŪ˵ıУ
ǣ˻ҪصʵĿǰվ
󹩷˼оһ¶һ˿֮ɫĽų̿죬һȥˣ㶥һ
磡һĿؿ
Ǵ󹩷ȴֻ΢΢ͷοЦݡ
׿ȴһֱŸոʶ򷢳ķһɻףոĵʶӦǷˣôĸϼһﻹѵǣ˲ɣ
ٺٺ١ҿ񣡡һ죬ȻЦ


422 
ಣ
ƿӰ˲սϣȴû˻Ǿֱ׿ڵĵط
üͷ΢΢һ׿һۣЦߣ֣Ȼôö֮ˣ
ٺٺ١Ϸ򿴣ǲİˣ첻мƲƲ죬֮ɫ
ܿ죬Ӱǰȴڤȴ󹩷ˡ
ֻһʼǰ׿ʱһ壬ηӡֻʱȴȻһЩˡ
󹩷Ƥ΢һؿŶˣɤӹ๾ţǺһ仰˵
Զ˼ˣɽҡͷ̾Ϣ
δսӣ⻹ô
磬ǿʱİ
ƺҲԼʹǴ󹩷һԼƽŬ׿ǣȵ׿̫
ȻŸոտڣû˵֣׿ȴں̧һһһ£ʵոǲĵʶɨôһأ
ʱ䣬󹩷ǰչҪʳĻʱ㱻ҭ˻Ҳ˵ڡͬʱ׿ǾӸ£ȫǷڵģʢ˵ƣҲʱǰһͷҲһǿ
ʵѹ׿ǰֱ͸һǰһ㣬˿ַ֮
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ǺôǿߣڤȵĹѵñ׳һ㣬һ㣬
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ڸǸᣬӽԺҵˣҳһְֻܰǵʬȥˣһĺâ׿һλΥľ㣬ǰͷ
Ȼһ˱˴˶һۣ´󺧡û뵽׿ڴʱͶ֦
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˶ʱһСװԴ
ֽ̧Ǻ«ǰ׿ôؿţҲʶȤϹԹһֻѪϣ˿У
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׿ܼң󹩷ո׿һ
Ǵ󹩷һԴæͷǣ׿ܼҡǻһˣѾܵ͵͵뿪ȥˣû߶ԶҪϷлһ׿ܼҵӪɣ
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ŭ᲻ôǻǵĻžˣԺǼβ˺ã
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滹û꣬ȥæɣʱ׿·ɱͻȻ
λһ˫ֲ˶
׿˼ף·սһߵƣȥҲǽûжá׿ֻͶ״ɱԼĵӶѡ
ǣô˵һǰڤȹô͵򣬲ɱͬţϼһһʱ²֡
׿ܼңк֮¡Ϸ棬ʣµڤȵһһͬҰɣ󹩷˼ϣؿ׿
۾һҲ˵ͷⲻ׿ܼҡ
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˵׿ֻҵĵλȫƾᡣûйˣͷҲˣ
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һ׿ǷǶڤҪϾɱһڰ
ǲϳָɵԼеĵӵĻǾͰԼԴϰɡ
ѲͶ״⣬Ҫڤȳ׶ͷħ֣ٳܡȻһǰΪνڷŹأ
Ҳٶԣתսȥ
ոѾ׿ˣ׿ϷŹǣҲ˲նˡ
ɱֵǣͦס
սϣһλĿڤȵӣһͷ󵶣ͣ˽󺰴еѾȥ֪ͨλˣǾͻԮͦһ
ৣ
ͻȻһӰǰ˿ûв
ʱؿһۣɫϲе󹩷ڳ
ۣ
Ȼû˵꣬һ췢ϲȻϡؿڣһȭͷСѪʺѪˮ
ûٿһۣ󹩷һתʧӰǰһĿꡣֻʣһм˰ʱ͵ӣӲվԭأһȻЦݣȴǲɻͲ֮ɫ
ôģΪδ󹩷أ
벻ףôһҲɻ󣬳ʧȥϢ
ͬһʱ䣬ͷӰսϸ䡣
һǿߣڤȹԹеΪϤһս£ʱɨҶһ㣬ڤϯһӶܲˡ
ؿһУ׿ǻһаЦ
ȴ治⣬ʵ׿ܼңոͷ齫еΪᡭ
սʱǰнϾҪſսˣܰô಻ȷأߣҪͻȻ꣬ҿûôѪϿǡ
һЦ׿һĪ⣺˵ȱľǸһˡϼһҲֲ֮⡣ǴԼ룬Ժ͸ùˣҲռȵҲһأ
²һݣؿ׿һۣȭݷ׿ܼıԶǣĳ֮


423 ɱ˾
ڤȵͻϮжеúܿ졣
ɽŸλ븰ţ׼Ը¥һ£еλһѣ˸󵹸꣬пνȺףһɢɳ
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շһ˿ǰף¶ϸ΢ĳ⣬Ƭ겻յ֮С·İҲͣûϢֻɺѪˮڹÿһɽС·֮䣬ɢȳϢ
ɽʬѻرضǣȴǣɨһ㣬
׿ܼңˣ쿴·Ǵ޳ûһڣɫƽ׿
һ׿Ĭãŵȥʬ˻ңøˣ
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Цһ׿мƲƲ죺ǺǺǡֻΪ˽ڤȣõŴôҶˣƽˣ
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ΪΡԣӲ⡣
׿ȴǲٶˣֻһЦȥɣаţ
Ȼص˵ͷ첻˵ϷȥȥˡΪţ׿ľһĵ
ǣ˶ʱӵܶ׿ΩǴӣûʲôǰڤȹȴǼˡ
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Դһ࿴˿ε̾˿׼ǰ׿ĽŲҲȻͣ
ν£òͷ
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ˣһֱΪ׿ǵĿ飬ǳ׶ڤȹϵһԼصˣʸ
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龰ǲ⣬Ǻܿ죬ͨһУʧЦ
׿ܼңϼһΪȡΣʲô¶Цһĵ
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׿ܼҸ߼ѹҵ棬أҲպǺ޷ˮȻǰħߵԶ͸˰Цһ̾
׿ȴЦңңԴо˸˸·𿴴һУֹħʿֻҪ㹻棬κҲܸɳֻҪɵĹûʶѣ񵱽񡭡ǺǺǡ
˵׿˵ˣֻ¶һЦݣɻ
ʱͻȻͫһ۽һ깵ط
ӵܶ׿ڤȵ֮ؿˡֻôʮˣȴǻȥ۽ⲻͣܣȴǲ
ϸȥЩʵ۴͸ҵαɡ
ҵӵĺЩαֱֺ֮
̸ܣЩһղڤȴսʱһֱں̰ٷأ͵ˣӲȥѵһ٣
ŭһҪɱȥúǼţȴǱ׿һסЦҡҡͷϢŭȥɣǵҲˣȥʱ˳ˣͷɱӺ
ʲôǵ񣿡
ǰŵ񣡡۾΢΢һУ׿аЦȻΪͻϮڤȣΪλҪش⼸ʮ׸𣿡
ǡ
Ǹʵ۱ţ
ȻһЦ׿ĵԴδ֮ǰʵ۾˸ģǰңΪ̽ӡ⼸һֱ׳Ͽǣʵ鱨йô꣬Ҳóˡڣǰǵжȫ߻ʵۣ
ʲô⡭⡭׿ܼңΪôʵڲ𣿡һŵò㽫ͷˡ
׿УҲ̫˰ɡǻʵϵţﲼһڴҲͻȫû
׿ʵǿܹѣЩӵȴҪΪڻˡʮһʧ
ƺĵǣ׿ȴǲÿɷҡҡͷЦϣ˵ʵңֻ˵һ롣ʵֻңˡ¼ҹ˵˼ǳԼ˶ĵˣ۳ڳ⣡
գգ۾ƺף׿ϣɵ˭
Ȼˣ߼Ҷ㷢ħˣ
ǺǺǡˣɵģӡңţ𳤷ȵȣСֻɵҵĻ»ʲôһͳ߼ңΪв𳤷绢񣬻ҽǰδеΣ뿴ġԣ֪ҵж󣬲ңᰵаңĹâ׿ᶨ
һ£Ի󣺡㣿
Ȼͷ׿ЦΪҲô챻𣬲Ȼžûǣơ鱨ɻȥԮšûȷԮֻǱرҿʼжѣٿ˫̲֮ˡǣһжˣڵʵʤһضж졣ʱҪٳٻŵжҲĺȡʵ൱ٿսܾˣ̵
ԣЩһｫ鱨ʵۣҲǸѾʼжרɨж߼ҡһĻȻ÷ǴԮΪϺȣסŶԻ¥ҵ̡Ҳʱ䣬Щ߼Ҹǧʬ˻ȥطơֻ֪ǣһһطƳɹ˵ǵţҲ޷ֹˣ
аشЦһ׿ʤʵ̴Уÿһ㵽ˣΨһû㵽ģ׿ֶΣҲİܱ
ض׿ţȻȫˣһ̾׿ܼңȻϷϴûôףȻʤȯˣٺٺ١ǾͺãЩˣĻģϷҪҲһһˡ


424 
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ʮʮҹľߣڤѾӵܳ׷˹ǧʬȫ˳
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ͫ͵һ˽Ǵʧɫ־֣ϣΪʲôǷʲô
ͨ籨ţͶȡɣһһٵصϵаЦҲԽ
ЩԣȴȻɫȫףԼЩ̽ӵѾ¶ˣŵûɢæڵأͷĵⲻǱ⡭
䣡
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ܿ죬ǧ˶飬ĸ򣬷ɢ̺ʽڤȳ;ͼϱǵĺλãһŲ顣
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׿ԴЦȴȻȫɵˣϻ˿µ𣿻׿ܼõ鱨̽ϣ
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û޴˹ȷңˣҲԼģȻͷ׿ЦһǵһħͷģרԼĵȻʳǵԪԼԪǿȡΪԪƵȻϢͬҲϼһֻһʱ䣬ʹͻƵվֻ꣬վͻƵ龳νչ٣
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䲻һһݣȴεЦЦ˰֡
Ϸ֪ı׿ܼҶռĻֻ˵թˡ


425 ڻվڻ
׿һڤΪģɢһ߽ڤȱϢǳء
һըԵϢʱȻ󲨣ٹȻ
˭Ҳû뵽ҾĲһУʼˣҲɷ˵ؾ߼ңڤȿ
Ҫ֪߼֦ͬûлԴսĻ췴졣
ҲˣǧҲûж¥ǲͷ
ڣҾô󵨣ƺѾȫ˴ˣҪƴһ㣬˳˺˲ڤȡ
ⲻֻ߼ҽʵʾ
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Ϊ½¼췴ҲҪúÿʵ۾ξ
ЩѰӹܹףϲּĶԾƣǸΪ⿴İ
ǻʵۣѾ춼Цˡ

ʵ֮ǰе鱨Цֻ۾һͷСӣ˱ڶˣһôɴ䣬ڤûһڲ˵˼ضˣⲻô
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޷޷ֻҪжˣôνˡԽԽã޶Щ¼壬պŲץסôʵ˵޲ҳ飡ٺٺ١ŭԹʲôԣ۾΢΢һУʵǻһаЦ
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ƺǿеɻΪŮһЦַףΪոǵк似ֻΪ˶Ŀ۽𣿴ˣش
Ƥ΢΢ַȫı˪ԽԽҲԽԽֻܶ˫ɽˣһͷʱؽʨʱ̶˳ȥǰ˻ҧ
ǣѾˣ޻֮ոǵĴǽ㶳סǺڣеԪϡ˵ڤָӦϣѸٵطⶳж
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ӲܶԽԽӲַ׵ɫȴûһ˿ţԽԽǣϷˡ˵СκβϷֺ
ͫ͵һɣַأȻȫţ

ŵأȻڴܳǿԪʱܱ˪ɢͬʱҲȫ˳ȥ
ڿУͷһ̲ס³һʺѪˮ
䵽̧ǰȥȴַֻ٣ڿռʣݡ
ǹɻصƴȴаˣˣ
龰˲ɫӺȻңȴǳ׾ˡ˺ͷֺǴ˾жôǿô찡
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ûлشĻֻ̫ؿٴε϶ˣֻǵĸʰΣѡ
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443 Խ
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ߣħôκβϷ򣡡ַײм߳ȫâš
ȴ¶һЦݣֱ˫ҪײʱŶȻͣΣ˫Ѹٽӡħɷʽ

ĺѸٱһӰŻַױڶȥ֮ռ䶼ڲͣ
֪ʼ幦Ԫ񹥻似ͻȻַ֣ݺһҲضӦ
ʵҲȷˣַ׼ͻȻı˷񣬲ǿӲײǸΪԪ񣬲ɺɫɷס
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һ󲨶һⶸȻԾ£ε棬ͬʱһɫӶϣʱΧˮͰһ㣬ܲ͸磡
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ʼһֻоأʮֻڹ˵ǧǰһ˵زڡ
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Ԫһۣ΢΢ͷ
ַڽ֮УЦ죬˰ɣǻʼǿ磬һ似Ԫ񹥻ƲϷ콵ϣ
ǿδأһЦе˷֮ɫϺҲȻһ˲ɢ٣ͬʱָһɹɿµϢڲγɣ󹩷ǲܴǿʱ㣬ϷһУȫûκˣ
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֮ϵѹ棬ɽЩ۷֣ҲЩϢһĸоĪػ
ͫɺݺһڹеĻַײʧɫôҲ벻Ȼôһɱﵡ
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һʱ䣬ַ׶ͷ˿˿亹һ˫ɵͭ˫ͫУȻ֮ɫ
׺ѩ޼ˣҲɵɫ󾪣˼ؿ׿׿ܼңǡ
似һ˿ˣ׿ҡҡͷ
ԣȴǸŵر˴˿˿似ôܣֻһ˰ô壿
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˵׿üͷĸǵϵӰУҲز֮ɫӦöͬ似ڽԪķʽͬһת似ʱضҪһ˿ʱ䡣Ϊܹ似ںϣ似ȴƹʱ䣬ͬʱ似ҪǶ˵ĻѱͻתԪʶˣΪ˷ˡȻɹҲǿ֮ĩѡ
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Ƥ̲ס˶׺ɫ䣬̧׿е졣ȻڵɫԽԽȫҲڴк󣬼罵
ϣֺαأַǿ˵Ҳǲսʤĸ֡ûжԹΪƫƫҪڴ˸ôĴۣ׿⣬׺ҲЩã
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л֮ͬ˵ķθ֮ԣ˶쳹
ǳΣ̧ϿȥȻڴڵشŴƺ൱ƣһڿѪˮȪ㣬ðš
ȴ˿⣬ֻ޾˷ܣҲֵñκʱ򶼴󣬾쳣ġ
յ磬ѶҿʤһСΪ˻֣ܶԼϣʵǲ֮٣
ʧЦҡҡͷ׿оһЦһ׼ˣǳˣ
һͷȼ档
Ҳһ̣ʮӰǺݺײǽɫ֮ϡ

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һ죬ַ׵еԼԴ·Ҫըһ㣬׶֮ʹֱĵףԺи죬ͷʹѡ
һѪ̲ס³һֻ߷ݰ㣬˹ȥȴԪ񣬳ش
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ٶǶĻºܿ˼ϵ⣬˼ȡ
뵽ַ׵ЩʡõŴ󹩷ǰ컹°ܽξȻһУʵλүӵйĪơ
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ǾʲôԹѾҪͱˣҧŰ
ַ׼ǵӰ׷ϣ־ֺҲһԻҲˣΡ
Ȼˣ͸Ͻȥ˺ˣʲôʲôԹҪһֱ׷Ϸƨɺư
ʱ˿ַ̣׶޳ˣлĪ벻ͨйؼǣ뵽ִźܼ򵥣Ҫִſ϶֣
󹩷
Ԫ龰ͫһɣ͵̤ţͳȥַһоϲе
ǣԪߣ׿ȴǽɫ⻷һţʱӰٴγʱԪǰסȥ·
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ͫ΢΢һһϤĵ껯һģһǲҵ׿ֻͬεצץȥ

ײһ𣬷̶ķڳÿһ˶Уֱס˶䡣
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Ŷôüͷһƣ׿ÿɷЦЦǻһ˿˳ᢵЦݡ


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ʱ˿̣Ԫ׿ľֶţܹɰѣȥأ
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̧ۿһЩˣ׿΢ԪҲ϶˶ӣƺʾԪͶ׿ˡ
׿һ֣ÿɷЦЦٴζƵᣬƺȫƵġ
ݣ
һƿЩǰԮոǰͬһǵۿȥȴǳ׺򸾺ħĹǣм仹Ǳ󡢽Լշļո֡
һɽΪ׵֣Ҳȫ
׿ŵģǵҲֻһòɵ˴ϸɼܣһ˫߲ǳ׶Եһ
޳ḧ룬棬ȴǳ̾ҡҡͷܽ˭Ӯ˭䣬󹩷Ǳסˣ
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׿ܼҿҪˣⲻһ𣿡һЦԪа
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ңң˿ԪǸӣ׿ҲʲôطԻˣ˸ۣԽС
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ȻˣҪʹ罫Լֶȫó֪֪ˣܰսʤ
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ͬһ׿ȻӲӣƣһ̱ػΪһֻצԪ֫ͬӡ
ұǺâţɢǿϢȴֵۣצ
Ƥ΢΢˶ԪֿѪڣЦг֮ɫٺٺ١Ϸ˵ֻеצϷĽղ壬Ϸ֡Уǵھ꣬ҲϷ򣡡
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Ƥ̲סһ׿û뵽ε֮ԪٶȻ֮죬λλˡ
ǲҵæֵ̧צ͵ǰһ

ײһֻצ˲佻ãǽ
΢΢һЦԪƺ⣬¶һ˿аݣֻצ͵һץʱ㽫׿ֻ۸סˣ
²һݣ׿ȫĴ㣬ҪӲӲ
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ӲӲĴ򷨣ڶ׿ԣģ
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һ췢׿̧ұۣݺݵؽһֻצһ˫ڵ˫ͫսضݣҧزš
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׿ÿɷЦһ̫ˣ׿ԴôµĻûˡڣʵҪҵͨҲҪҵƾ㣬𣿡
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׿ǯŲܶһ̶һ㶼ܶ㡣ҪǱԪһҧ£ضԴҲûˣʵ˾·ľ֮С
ôҲ벻ĻԪȻǿˣܽ׿Ƶ·֮
׿Ҳͫ΢ݺҧǲϸܵ亹Ѫڽٵһɲǣų׼ʱ͵һͷ

һ죬Ǿϣ֮ǿҵĲȻڳÿһ˵ĶĤۡ׿ԴһҪһ㡣
ֻһҧ϶ײܷ˾죬ɼҧжôǿͣ
׿³һңΧ˽ŵģȴûɳһ¡ո׿Ȼѣȴûȫ
ֱֻۣɱţᱻϹҧԴ
׿Ҳ֪һ㣬ƴҡ˫ۣǲô˫ȴ޷
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һҲǵؿһĶᵽɤ۶ءҪȥȣղĻԪ׿ĸֶ޲ߵĴڣȴ֪γֲǣֻܰļȴΪ
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°һ׿ӰȻʧˣٴγʱ뿪֮⡣Ԫһž޿͵ҧϣٴҧգַ֮˶Ĥۡ
ֻβǺХ̶УɨտҲǰǣβ⻮һˣȴǶȻһֱ֧ް㣬˲佫ǧһСɽͷƷ˳ȥ
ವһ㲻Ӱ
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׿Ƥ΢ضŶǸײеӰͷҲ˿˿亹Ҳڰҡ
ҺпͫһѧȻովͿֱȥ㵱ˡ
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תԴĹǱԪЦſԶ׿һЦٺٺ١ˣ㻹žƶٿ죬Ϸ֮𣿡
䣬žһը췢ԪβȻһ˦ӱ˲׿ȥգۼ
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˼ˣȫˣҲӽǻǵһμ׿ĳ¶Դ˴δսʤҲʱʧȥġ
׿ܱˣ˭ܹԸ˻Ԫ
ͬģ׿ҲǴ󼱡˲ƣ޷ѵ׷ɱƵôѹ޷
˵ǵһΣҲ֤Ŀͫûң
ɽһ˷ܵĿ⣬һУϵϲЦݣֹס¶˳

ͻȻ׿ʱſһԹɫȴӰ
ʱ䣬뵵˫ȶԪո׷ϣʱɫӰ֮Уؾ;Դһѣ
ǣϾȻ˾۷ǿߣܿʹɻþѹ
ֻһɲǵĳٶۣ׿ĸ˵Ȼˡ
ٺٺ١ûᣡһЦ׿Ȼתոճ͵һ˿϶ұۺţ৵һȭؿڡ

羪ը죬Ԫӵʱ㱻Ѹ͵һȭ˳ȥ
оһ׿΢΢̡ǣȫ¶ϲЦݣɫȴȻһ̲ͫסض˼૳ôܣ۵Ȼ
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Ԫһȭǧ֮⣬շ˼ͷȴһͦȻɲס˽ŲԼǰ˿ȴһЦһмĻȡ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ؿֻһֻȭӡȴû˿ˣƺһƤû
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׿λǣʱѳ׾
һ֮⣬˾պͷˣңң˫սһĻɾøĿɿڴ˴˶һֱۣġ
ȻǶѾеԪ̥ǣΪһֵĽɫôҲ뵽ɾ׿ﶼȻƵò˰ɡɫأ˫սǵʤˣȻ󡭡
Ȼ󣬻ԪΪвḧһ³룬˾ճ֪̾ˣǵ͸һ֮ˡֻԪһˣȻѹԵʵպԸ¸ˡ
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˾տЦһ̾
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ΪҲ֪ͬţȴƺ֪˵ĴڣʮϤƵġ
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ԶĹˣһУҲǾĿɿڴܹ뵽׿Ȼ̬ˣȻ˱̬ĴС
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һȻڷţǱ㾪ؿһ̵أȻڴܳ󷢳ﺿУתһȦ
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˼ֻ֪а취ԸͨȴɱԸڵĻԪҲһɣ
а취ԸǺõˡܲɱԺƽϰɣ˿˾ž⣬૳
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׿ļƣһεĿ;ٳԵڶΡ֪òԼӲӲ
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ʱ䣬һɫĹȻգ۱ɳǧ֮⡣׿ӰҲպóڿڶϡ
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ϲ°ɫȴԽԽж


451 ǽżļǿ
˫ս纣һײһ𣬺ɱ죡
ʱ˭ѹԷһͷռȻ֮ܵƣƿսֵȨ
ʵǣʹ֣һսУȴҪã
Ȼ׿ԼöߣڸֶսУռϷ硣ǶɱһȺϣȴûʲôֶΣܱȶҩɼ򵥵ˡ
ĴģȺУʩʵǿضưȫĴڣΪ˶ֹ
ϲΪҩȻҪɫΣΪźú¶档
ǣͽɸǿĶϮǵûܳΪѹȫȷ棬Լ˸ͷƤžžţȻԼҲжˡ
֪ҪĶˣ
ҩƽʩ˵ģھȻˣٲܵסɵĶڵһƬ嵽ǰĸַ׷ж˻ȴûԼˣ
ɽ˼ǰæˣϳ塣ֻʮո֣ʵǿ˶͵س˶֮УҪ¡
ΪֻǵĴٴǰ塣
ǻҵɵӰһ׺ѩˣǴ齨ճţһԶؽǴ˻Ū˸ͷ
ң⻹ǰյ¡ƣҺ޲ýԷǧеǣ׿ڱǽǵԵرȫ̳
Ҫ֪ԴӽڤȡҩҽҵĳűõƺӾ̰ѸšЩʧȥ԰ҹͳϣ׿£еֻñɱӺĽ̲ġеģô޿κε˳ˣΪ׿ǰ䡣
ǻһЩ֣ȴҵĽս˳ֻص˸Լߡ
Щ֣Щεķ²ϿɶǾʶеĻϵɵĶǰ·ҵһս˾Եƺ󣬰׿յԣһǳʤ׷ǿʼˡ
ϾǽЩֱƵüˣ׷ԱԼⷽʧҲ൱ء
׿ڿսǰѲһУ̸ߣĶУϲҲ
ǺƬɱսϣЩ깴˼Ϊܰĳ棬Ѽһ㣬˽飡
磬㡭ôΪˣڤ˼ؿǰǸߣŵһΪˣѾ׿
Цҡҡͷյڤȴ󹩷̾һѾ֮ڶˡ׿ȻŰ裬ֻҪƽǣʿġң͸ֹ似ҶҲĺöźܿ죬˲ʮ꣬Ϳ龳ˣ
ʲôȻһ࣬ؿôܣ磬㲻˵ǵʣ龳ż𣿡
ǺǺǡǰڤȵԴȷڽҲŷ֣ԭʲôңѡǵ̣ҶȲˡҩģڿⷿһָһָģʤҩɣÿǴһӣڵҩôꡣ˵⼸£׿ܼҪһ鵤Ϊ˳ɹʣƷҩģƷҩʮ֮
Ǳ󹩷һ̾ҸĹâ
ȴȻȫɵˣôңһҳļ壬ţ̣˵߼ҵǧ̣ǧ̼Ȳϰ
ƺе𺳣󹩷ӣͻȻҸΪϷʵڲԸ㶯ֵ֣֮顣Ϸѡ㣬һǾʹ뿪ɽ֣ʹ˲£ǼսսôϷΪҳϣҲֻ㵶ˡҲңֵһ𣡡
⡭һЩس
ðɣȻ㲻Ը⣬Ϸϣܾʹ뿪һ¶꣬Ϸʵڲ뿴ֵеĳ棡󹩷ҡҡͷ̾
ԣæڰ֣磬ᡣֻһ£ո˵ģ𣿡
ȵĹâͷɱ촽
ȻϷദô꣬ʲôʱ˵ٻӲһ󹩷ʵ˵ɣ׿۲ΰԣȫ̴˾ΪӮ𣿿ڵսְɣѾռ˾ơǻԪǿ׷ȥҲ׶༪١£һ׿ģĸңᱻһɨ𡣰Щѡ
˵󹩷쳣С૵׿ܼԼҸ߲ıԺֻһҶϷ򲻿㣬ͶܻϡԺͶƶҪˣ
ʲôһҶ׿ҰǲС
ɾ죬°˼òһͷһֿؿ󹩷磬СֵܲУֻϣһ𣬹ٴ£
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һץסƣ󹩷һص˵ͷóһСƿƿܳһɫѪϣֵܣҪңȷѪϣǹء
⡭
سһ£иеЩףǿ󹩷Ǽᶨɫ֪ˡ
һ뵽ӴԴ˵ֱǲϳȥ
󹩷ˣɴЦһֵܶ˰ַŷɱȥ
ͬһʱ䣬սϵĸ䣬Ľס˵ֵ壬֮£ˡ
Щ˶޼ҿɹ֮ˣδԴءһɽ֣ϱסȣ
ټǰͬǾ͸ˣ
ǺֻǶ̶̵һսûйȥʱɽǾͷֲԾˡôЩԼҵĹϳȥû೤ʱ䣬ͷһʼԼҴˣȻ󵹸ô죬ģⲻȫɵˡ
ãŷӦæس
ûˣԷҪǣһһڲʳǡ˳£ǻһ˿ʤԣֻǱԷȫ̲ˡ
뵽޳Ҳһ̾׿֮ǿС
ֻǣ֪׿ʲôͷĵġ򲻿ʱǽţһһ
ߣص㣡޳ҧҧһһս˵뿪ˣⷽǳû׷
ԶĹˣһ쳡棬Ҳǲȫסˡ
⡭Ҿʩʲô䣬߷Ҳ̫˰ɣؿˣҲһãȻؿǲԡ
ãײų̾һҡҡͷǽżļǿٳ׿
̲סһ飬˿˷һۣһֵȷô£ⳡսȻ׿ָӶ֣Ǻԣеһв֣ǰźõġ
ߣսʤѹ˻Ԫľϣ׿Լʵ⣬һ֡
˵һսϿ֣ȴǱԼʵҪҪö࣡
һ㣬׿ȴָ߳޳һˡ
ԼֶΣҡҡͷʧЦ׿СڰټùȴԲˬã޳ֱ˸ֲ׿չթսʤ֣
˼ոթˣ۾΢΢һУת׿ʧķ׷ȥ˵ĻһжԸԪķֻϷܺ棬ҪʲôֶΣƵǾҲĶ֣׿ˣ
׺˾ձ˴˶һۣ΢һͷҲ׷̧ŷ𣬸ȥ쿴顭


452 СԮ
ৣ
һӰ׿ӰոճһɲǵĹ⾰ȴͫٴһɫ⻷˸ȻӰ
Ҳһ̵ĹݵһһɫĹâһ㻮ĿռʣһšӰû壬ȫʧˡ
֮⣬׿ٴֳӰȥȴǵƹâϼɺݺҧҧɿ³죬һλλʧӰ
㣬׿һһƶΣÿһ˸˲һءһֱһֻɫβͣôҲ˦
ȴǻԪһ·Ͻ׷ˣ
죬ʱ䣬˾ô׷ӵرǧأ
׿ؿֻѪֹסѪɫҲԽ԰סҧţͣ˲ƣͣһϢʱ塣
Ϊףһ˲ĳͣᱻǸ׷ϣ˺Ƭ
뵽׿ɿЦһҡҡͷ
ԭû£ĵģֻ¾һԪϼһͻƻ龳ζ޷ԿˣҲֻܵķݡ
ֻ꣬϶ﵽ۷ĻӦ֮ġϾ֮ǿҲǿʥŰ
۾֮󣬼ֱ£϶ϣҲҲҲʲôöԸģ
ʵҲȷˣһǻԪľʱˡڵʱȻӰ
ǣ׿Ψһ©ģȴǾ󣬷ı仯Ȼ˻ôһѪС
һ֮ɲ֮׿ʱеȦˣ֪ζԸźã
ǣûüӦ֮ԪķѾ˫ʹȫ׿ӭڶӵĵڶΰܱ
һΣǰܸͨ
ûȷǰˣ׿ҲϣʵڻĶ֡ܣ˫սˡ
ΪҴܼңͬеָߣһǽߣı󶯣֣ܲ
Եʱ޷˵ˣ˿˼Լ⣬ֻսʣµЩˡ
ΪţƾλֵǿʵټȶĲ߷֮ƣһܹѹԵʤһͷ
һƣֻսʧȥԪôս󣬷ʵʩҪȻ϶һ˾Ϳɺɨսʿǲ߷֮ƣܹЧ
ѵЩһˣԼոշѣͱšԴ
ԣ׿һ֣Ԫǰ£ʵʩ
ǣԪĻ׿ɽ֮
û׿ƶԥظ
ֻΪһڴ׿󣬶ԼʵѾıټ׿ҵҪλ׿һұ׿ĻұԭϲݣҰ𴵲㣬ڰˣΪĸ󻼡
Ԫܿһ㣬ֲأԾҪնݳ׿أҪ
׿Ĺâʵ̫ҫۣڸ˵ķâ
һ·ϣ׿ϵ飬һֱڳԿеŸֵ˫սֻǺ׿һ˴սѣ졢׺ЩҲ쵱ĸ֣ȴԶˡ
Ͼө֮⣬ԣ
׿ƽʱ̫ţ̫ҫۣĹâȻϹ˵Ĺۣ۾ԲŻغֵķâ
޳㣬Ҳ³ˡ
Ŀֻ׿Ϊ׿ܣ¾ɣһֱ߻Ԫʵɾܸ׿һϳ̡
׿ȴУⳡսʤѹԼʵѹϣ޳ĴֳԱˣ׺׷ɱʹأ
˵Ҳ׿ĺ֣ڶѡһʼܽԪɷĻԴ˳ȥˣĻõɽ֮ƣ
뵽׿ҡͷЦ۵һ³һѪЩңң׹ӡ
Ԫ˺ǰƻҪصöࡣڣҲЩ֪ܲܳŵڶʱ
ңңһԶľ£׿һ૳ȿȿȡӦÿ쵽ˣټӰѾ
˵ţ׿ͫɫâһҪ˲ơʱƿ죬ǵɫĹâ˲۽ǰһ̶ķʱĶĤֱԴۡ
̲ͫסһ׿ҵæ˫һ

һ췢׿һڵ㱻˳ȥ¡һһƬʯСԭڵλãһͷ͵ı˦һβѪȵǣЦ׿죬˲û˰ɣ
ʯ£׿ӷǿڴڵشŴ򵱿ǵ޵ҧҧͲʮ͵Ŀصˣƫƫﱻ׷ϣҪܵĻ
۾΢΢һУ׿ȴҲ쳣Լжȴγҡͷ̾Ϣ
ڵҪڻԪעѣȴǧѵġֻ־ܣҲ׿ķ
Ԫ֪мѾҵɱƬײˣһЦ׿쳰
мƲƲ죬ԪѹںӣЦ׿һֵǧȺһ汻Ҵܣֻ˵ܣϷϧ㣬ֻҪһϷûк֮ˡʱһ߼ңϷ򶼲
ٴδЦһԪһ۶ȻųаĹâһ̤׿ͳȥգۼһצߣϷצҪץ࣬ӻܲܵ
Ƥ̲סһ׿ݺҧҧǿ˫̧ʱ˿̣ҲֻͬΪȭ˫ܵһצˡ
ǣ˫ڿУȴֹסز
²̾һ׿֮£Ȼﵽ¡ֻȭǿҲѵֵ¶Ĺˡ
Ԫͬһ㣬е˷֮ɫҲŨЦ׿Ľգļգ
ƨӾҧ׿ǿһ˿˫۽棬һܣ͸Ų֮⡣
ԪмƲƲ죬ϵټֻ֣˷ܵҪˡ
ʮһ׿ҪϡϾҪ˵Ĺˣ
Ȼ˫һצ˫ҪײʱݵһһȴȻڻԪࡣ
ţûüӦǰһײ˳ȥʱ㽫ҲǧһСɽײķѣɽʯ顣
ǷŭſǰȥʱȴֻһνСĺɫӰ׿ࡣ
һ¿һ̲סѿڵͯͨ
׿ҲؿǰСӰ󣬲ɵôЦ׿Ȼþ϶β㣬ӵСˣô㣬


453 ͨ
л׿ǺЦͨתͷȥȴֻ׿һѪɫήңϢ٣üͷһ壬ŭϵô˵ôأ㲻˵ǰã·ôʱûһӰΪһ˾Ѿƽˣ㣬û뵽
ɿЦҡҡͷ׿̾һεεȷʧˡҵĵһȷΪһˣû뵽ʵҪǿöࡣֻʩеڶˣȥԸɡҲҪСİ
İɣϵȻ㴫Ѷһ֮ǾԲʧģص˵ͷͨһƬս⣬תٿԪķʱɫ˲
Ƥ̲סһԪһݣɫ˲
ͨһֵţ쳹ٶ꣬˿ɲҸǵġʵɲ⣬ͨ쳹أȻɾССͯҲûбʤİա
ң׿͹ͨҪԴĸ֡һһǣ׿թȳ֮졣ͨʵǿȴԴ򵥣׿ֻҪһ𣬶ԸСӵĻǰһ˺սһʤ㣡
ǣôҲû뵽Ҫ׿ĸʱͨСͻȻĳ¡
һ֣൱ġ
뵽Ԫɴȳͨ㲻Ƿ׿ϷȡҲÿԻȥˣֶΪΪҪͻȻ֣
ƨϵжҪϵĵߣֶҰϵ˳Сүһúʰ㣡ͨｿСȭͷŭ
Ԫȴ̲סٴһŵʲô㡭˵׿ôܣ
常Ҳǵʲôܵģͨһÿɷ
пһ£ԪˣҲΪˣеʯͷҲԽԽüͷҲԽԽ
ζû뵽׿Ȼôͣܽ޷СħͷշԸԼΪ常
һǿ֣֮ڣκһ俹ˡ
ңʲôʱϵģѶµĻ׿Ľթȴһֱ̲Ҳ֪ùͨȥ׷ɱ׿һı
뵽Ԫ亹乡
׿˽⣬һɱﵣضڹؼʱõġ󣬴ҶΪȨƣɱ˭ȻԼƿش֣ʱ׿ѾͻȻʧĻ́ͨ˳ʵʱͳɱǡ
֣һΪͻȻıʣС׿ǵʵɽ
ν֪֪˰ս׿ͨһ޴սҪһ֡
һˣԪһоЩҺڼʱҪǵȵؼսʱ֪һܵúܲҡ
ʱ˿̣ȴŤת֮
̧ǰԪƽ飬еɱ𡣴ʱ˿̣׿ˣѾɲвͨҲһˡ
ֻҪܴܹͨһȴٺòˣ
ţԪǵеĽŸУЩңܹڽһֵԴҺ˫Ĵȴһá
ͨʵھ£ϷҪһˡֵ֮ʱϷµһıɣԪЦһ˫ͫȻʼѪ졣
ͨмƲƲ죬һ̣һЦߣôĵӡû˸ôŵظСү˵ҪĵСүԴš
СӣľͬСɣҪġ
׿Уæѡû˵꣬ͨȴȻһ̤͵ǰ˹ȥȴǸûѶԷ
ԪЦһҲͬȥ

һצһȭһ𣬷صľ졣һβʱԲһ֮ڵĵ棬ȫΪƽأ
ԪֹסʮſֹסΡͨҲŵŵֱ岽̧ǰȥЩ档
ǵһ˶ȭ˻ġ
棬ԪȴѺˣͨȻǲͯʵɲ⡣
ȫһȻҲֻܽ˼׿ĻѰɽʯˣͨ
һ˫ۣ΢΢һ£Ԫ˼ŶԵ֮ߡ
ͨҲЩôܱأոտҲ˰˳ֲ׿Դʱˮ
ｿ۵Сͨһ
һ̤ţͨٴǰ壬ԪһҧҲ޾ɫĳ˹ȥȭצٴν
һΣԪɲӲӲˡֻצϵʱʵΪ飬ӶȻһͨһȭͷ˿ա
ͬһʱ䣬Ԫβ͵˦
۵һ죬ʱӺݺݳ˹ͨı
ͨüͷһ壬΢΢˳飬ܵһ㣬˳ȥ¡һײһСɽʱ˷֮С
ϷһɨβǲͯҲˣԪЦһǷ̳֮˷֮ɫ
׿ƤһؿǸҡҡͷ
֪Сʥ֮ûôˡԴȴ̫ˣֶҲܵһȻ׾ͱ˼ҳһβ
¡һͨǷ˳ͣź󱳣ˣˣ̸ܣʲôСүôӲ
ֽ̧𣬹ͨŬ󱳿ȴŤͷȥƣֻʹ֮ŷãûʲôˣ
ǣԪȴȻؿһУʱɵˣӶ
ȫһβ鶯׿ĸ֣Ҳֱնϵ³ǹͨı󣬾ȻƤûƣֻһǳ׵ӡӶѡ
Сӣʲôﰡ
˫ͫɴգգԪ㷣ڴܹͨģ˲һǧɣ
Ҫ֪֮ܶǰɡڣ˶˲ȡʤ
ʱ˿̣ԪֱоԼһ꺢ͯһδ󺺶Դ򡣶Էվ۵СȭͷҲһ˿һˣ
׿һУҲ°ЦҲףͨȭͷϰˣֶ൱һ
ȥԪȻκβҪסԪƺҲЩãǱСӣոһȡЦǰ׳գô׾ͱ鵽ˣΪ壡
ƨϷʲôʱ˵ֻԪһͷݵ׿һۣ
׿ʱ֪СҪʹȻ⻰֮ʡ
ΪСӵ常ͨԶ׿ĻŲɵģɫҲǽԪһЦСүǰ׳գ
һԪһû˵ֻƴ˼Ž֮
ܿ죬һ뵽˰취Ȼβ͵צκβǾˣ
ܲһ㶼ûаɡ
Ǻùͨŭ壬û˿ʱ򣬻ԪȻһž޿ڣŭ

һ֮£һɫĹâʱ˹ͨգۼ
ǹͨȴһվһȫâţ

ݺݵػϣȻ˶ɾӶһĻˡͨȻŵվһ̩ɽһһԪȥǰǰ˵۶ɵĵӲض˻
ʱ䣬Ԫɵˣ̵ģСӣĹﰡ


454 鱾
˵˭ǰ׳أ
ͨҧȫâţһһǰţÿһ·̤ϣ̲סһһ
ǵɫĹҲһһ̡
ԪԴ亹ȴǴ죬˵һ仰
գͨɴһһȫ⾹һȥǵҲͬһŵ㣬ʱ㱻˻
䣡
ǿҵ˲ԼԪһը£嶼ը
ʱǿһ죬ȫΪ˻ҷɣʧˡֻһĶڣԭڵǸطڲðź̡
һЦͨм˦˦۰򣬿ŵǸ˲ϢϢٵӰ޾СүǲӣֻϻûСүһµģߺߺߡ

׿ǰԼ˶ӣҲ˴ʱеԼƽȻŰ裬װƣԼӱʵˣ
νһʮᣬȭͷ飬˭趯ӣ
СӲĴޣһеˣһš֣Ȼ԰ȥǳͨɣ
СӰСӣϵҲòд֣߲Żǧƣǿ߸ϧ˼Щʵ
׿ͨһĴָ̾
ͨոҲֻһʱ˵һ仰ȴ̲סһ¡Ϊѿ˴֣Һ͵ŵ֣ߡ
ʵϣȴǽʾɺСʵ
һֻϻΪ˲ʳһֻǧټƵز
ȻᣬΪֱ֮ӳ˾ǣôƣ
ͨˣ֣һȭɷǣ似ȥѾ˼Ϊ㹻ǿ󣬾̧õ˻ҷ
뵽׿ؿһۣʧЦϵСӣϵһΡϵ³ˣ
΢΢һͨԣǿ׿ֿȴǲ˼Դϵڿ𣿺ٺٺ١ҿɲҵҲ㻹֪ɽУǶмӣ˵ӦøѧѧҪһ
ҸøѧѧˡôˣΪѡЩ棬Ҳֻ֮ұûжӰ졣㣬ﲻڻ̤ǿߵ·
³һ׿оȣ૳򣺡ħ˽˽֣ǰΪҲΪҲһҵħ̣ҲõһЩˣ
ţ׿нɫƺҲȻࡣ·һոµĴţǰ򿪡

ͻȻһȻ𣬵ʱ㽫״̬ˡ
׿̲סһȻһŭ̸ܣҪˣƫƫʱӣʵд
ת׿ȥȴԪ̹ӯӯոձըڣҲۿɼٶȻָš֮䣬ˣ
ˣ϶Ļ
ͫһ׿ͨæ󺰵Сӣϼһָǿвֻ֮ûõģһ
ͨһ㶣ûӦǰȥȴֻԪ˦˦βͣٴȵվЦͨȻǿҲɱϷ򡣲ɣǶ˭Ҳκβ˭ʹ˱ڣ
Ԫ˱ȭǴùġ
ͷСүշŪ㲻ɣǣͨȴûô׷䡣һ̤͵س˹ȥٴһȭϡ
䣡
һ췢Ԫ˵£ֱֱ°֮һŵҲѪ쭷ɣԴۡ
ۿһȭҪ׹ˡȫ£ȴٴηӯӯ̹⣬ڵǹϢһٶѸٻָš
գۼ䣬ˡ
ͨͫһֱġ׿Ҳüͷ壬зŨŨ
սѾľԲСӵĶ֡СȫԸĻȭ֮ڣҪĹ
ǣƫƫĻܹ˲ָϵĴˣȴͬСǿ㣬ȼţٴλǰҫ
ȻԪֵͨɫٴδеͨ˵ɱңսȥҲ׷
죡
Ԫû˵꣬ͨŭĿӣһ޵غСүô꣬ɱ˻ûɱɵġߣСүƺˡΣ

һ޺𷢳ͨȫâţɢֻʱ䣬ʧӰٴγʱȻһֻʮɸߵĺ롣
ȴֳ˱࣬Ϊʥޣ룡
Ȼ׶Σǹʥ޵ƣȴֹסɢؾ䡣׵ɽУе޶ɵòʧذ
Ԫͫ͵һŵشͨ㣬ʲô
ߣʲôСүı࣡
һЦͨ¶˷СүʥޣԱ֮βܷȫʵٺٺ١ոСүһȭڶԣʮ֮һѡСүһŲ㣡
䣬ͨһ²ȥԪʧɫѾһźݺݵز˵¡
䣡
ɲǼ䣬رһ㣬һâļ̤£˲ɨҶٶݶȥ
һգ۾ǧ֮һգۣ֮ͣʱȻ˾׵ȡ
֮ڵĵرҲ˲һ𶯣ɽһ㣬˾޴ı䶯òȻȫͬˣ
ȥķ׵ˣپǹǿƴʱһֹסΡֻǹңңĳ£ո֣Ҳ̲סӲվȡ
﾿ʲô£ô˴Ķ˾ɫɷף쳣ɵص
˶һۣҲҡҡͷ֪
֮һǶ˸飬ȥ֪
˵׿˿棬ǰһƬ̲þ£գ۱һƬɳһصص˵ͷ
֣صӶ󰡡
ڹͨһŹ׿ڷ𣬿Χĳ棬Ҳ̲סࡣ
꣬ʥ޳һ֮
ȻֻޣѾ˻صǱˡ
뵽׿ɸ̾ʥ޵ʵϹʮ۲ĴڣȻֲңҲЩʵǣ˼ҵʵġ
ϰ࣬ȴɼ
ôͲţƵأ׿ΰ̾
λͨЦһ̧ſ·ȴǻԪȻȫѪ죬۽ϣอⶼһһصš
˾ǣϢɫĹâܡ
ʲôȻţ
ͨһŭвޣŭߣСүҪɱˣûɱĵ
˵ţͨٴ̧ȣֻһȡ
ʱ䣬֮ϣԲǧ֮ڣֹסصеĵطǻɽ緢ҽʡ
Ǽˣڲ̤˼ʮź¿ȥǻԪ۱ȵĶôŤôĿȫǣȴʼձһ˿Ϣš
ͨɫŭҪٲȡ׿ȴǼ˰ֹ֣СӣûõġĺϢǲܸ׳нȥ꣬ٽţһţ
ô죿ҪɱˣȻɱҿûܹͨƲƲ죬޵ҧ
׿ȴаһЦ¶һĻȣǺǺǡİɣѾ뵽취ˡ꣬ҲЩȤùоһ


455 һ
һͨԣ׿ǿվһԪķǰаĹâ
ˣ
һβӨӨ̹šϢٵĻԪһƬâ֮£һ쳣ֲٶȻָܿˡ
һԪĲ֮κβҵģԪЦ״ŵغܣ
ͨˣвŭһźݺݲ¡
䣡
Ԫ°ȱ˵ɫʹͷ󺹣㲻٣ԵŤ
Ҫ֪Ȼǲ֮ǹÿαС޲̤ʹ࣬ȴֱĵװ
Ҳںܹ׿͹ͨǰװһرƣ޿κֱ׵ӣ;ãٴʹ࣬жһˬ
ǶΣκβϷ򣡡ԪҧأȴǺ
׿һЦڴڵش˼ڴһŲţֻ޾а죺ٺٺ١ϼһɱ˵̫ˡؽ似ûʸﵽ޵еĵز
ߣΣڣǿκβңǣǴﵽ˻龳磬ֱܹϷԪ񣬷򡭡
ԪеЦɲϣ֪ܲ¶һӾţҺεı顣
ⲻùͨиҧµݺԪҧţɲ
׿ȴ˿ںôһһǰһֻѪƣʮַ̧Դϡ
СӣȺǧҶ׿׿һ۹ͨ˶Դඣ
ͨ΢΢ͷ綨һ㣬һ
ԪȴǲмƲƲ죬׿ֵ̧ûУܰϷôߺߺߣ˵ڵ㣬ȫʢʱڣ

ԪЦ׿Ϊ裬ҲŴЦ
ԪüͷһɵЦ㲻Цʲô
Ц죬ʶǳһЦ׿һɫĹâֳͬʱȫҲڵ壺֮󣬸ֹ似ʤˡΪɲĲ𣿺ߣӾ㿪۽磬ʲô졣߾֮أ
ħ󻯾һŭ׿ȫĺȻֻͨƣԪӿȥ
ܿ죬Ǽʯĵ֮أȻȾһڵŨīͬʱҲȻеڵڱһڵĶڸȾͬڵİ˵꣬ƴ֮ҲɵñȾ֮ɫ
̵Ļ̵꣬Ҳܿҹһڣ·жһ㡣
ǣǲܵġ
Ҫ֪ⶾҩ壬ɵĻ꣬ô׵رȾ
ǣ֪ⲢǶ׿ħ󻯾Ԫ
ħ󻯾ǽͬΪСȡؾɡʱ˿̣׿ǽԪڵ꣬ȫͬˣΪá
͸չ鼺ˣ
׿㾿Ҫʲôһμ˹ĳ棬Ԫѱָոյŵˣɼش
֮УĿ־壡
һЦ׿¶а⣬Цʲô
䣬׿ȻתһԪȻеڵԪϢǰ˵꣬ܿƵ׿ӿȥ
ȻһԪ²һУæŤҪϧϷһȻǶѹţȴζãֻؽݲб裬Լһɢš

һʵ׿Ȼһ𣬶پһ˲ڡҲͬʱԪһֻצҲرͨƣ
ʧɫԪ¸塣
ȻѲµ׿Ҫɵ飬Ҳû뵽׿Ȼ׵ؽȥ
Ҫ֪ģѾΪһ壬ôô׾ͱ룿
׿ʲôаȻܹ˷˼飿ϴżȻõһ꣬Ҳǻӣġ
ڣԪɻĺúõİ
Ԫһͷֲ⡣ҲûôʱȥɻˣΪٵǣΣʱ̣Ͼеס֣ס֣
ߺߺߡ϶Űɪոȥˣ׿Цһĵؿ·
ԪǶ޳ˣҪסȴζֻܸţһ꣬ﱻȥԼ֫ҲΪΣ޿κΣ

ͻȻһ׿ڷű̽ԴƺҪƵġ
Ԫˣ·𿴵һ㣬ɴЦ׿Щ겻ģ㱻ǿڣҲϷȰ㣬ǰǻϷϷӦպΪУһƽ£
Ԫ֪Լܾѳɣ̸
׿ȴ˿ںһЦ±ӵģ˭ƽ֣˵⼸ӼȻܰǴѵβ𣿡
䣬׿ͷ϶ȻһɫĻ棬Ҳһ̣Щʱһ˰˻ȥˡ
Ԫһǲ˲ᡣ
ˣּۻ۵ıǮûˣ
˭뵽׿ֶ˹죬ڶࡣЩ꣬ǵǧ궼ͣ׿Ѿɾͽѹˣ⻹ܸɳ
̾Ԫ죬һΣֻƾڵԽԽϡ
󣬰һֻҲڱ׿ڣԪʵֳΣûǰİ
ţٹ˰ʱԪ׿ħ󻯾£ȫΪ˻ҷɣʧˣʬûУ
ͨŽ¿տҲĵ棬ЦһٴλָΡ
ǲ֪ǻԪǲǰû֣ǸΪУǰװơԴӾ궼׿պȴȻ϶
Ҳʱ϶Ȼʧȥ˰ɡ
ϵ벻㻹һ֣Ǿħ۵ľѧɣ϶εøûƢ̧ͨ׿׿Ц
û˵꣬׿ȴȻٵذ˰֣СӣһҾһҪͻˣ
˵꣬˫ϥ˫
ͨôҲһѵõϵҪҲͣһػš
㣬ʱգ۹ȥ׿ϵϢҲһأأٵڵأһһ±仯̥ǡϵƣҲѸ
ɼԪ۷ڵжôӴˣ
ݣ
ͻȻƿ죬һɫȻ׿Դȥƴ͡
ͨͫһһץһ㽫ǺץУŭȳʲôˣ
ͨΪһ˽ף۹˻һѵǰ𣿡
ŵƣ˾ա˵Ӱǰ
׿˿ƺȫ֪ˡ


456 һ
мƲƲ죬ͨؿһۣЦСүԣֻǱǻǧ겻û˵߹ϲǣͰһ£ϲĻ˭κβңߣ
ԣ˲һ˴˿һۣЩȡ
Сʲôʱӱôթˣ֪м©ˡܿ죬˵Ŀ⿴ԶǾ׿ʱһȻˡ
˵ֽƱۿ϶׿̵ģȻСǣ벻ô໨
뵽˲ɫЩء
ͨǵսǴʱ˿̣ȴܵ׿Ǳȥˣȴ̫ˡ
üͷ΢΢һ£ŵͨȻǱҲǾ͸ýҵĵ˾׿治Ƕɽγв㻤ݣǵԣ㶼ýײǡ
ߣʲôӲӵģӻӣ쾭𣿡ｿ۵СͨЦңϵҲұ֤ᶯҸֻҪȨҪ֣
Ȼһٴλ࿴˿̲סһ׸ŵؼСӣո˵ʲôʲô
Ŷǻ֪ɣ常ԣǸҶһëСүһǰƤǣúٺ٣ݺȭͷͨ¶һЦݡ
ԣȴǾĿɿڴʱ˶ˡ
ҪǹͨǱ׿ˣûһʱƻĻǻѭ򽥽ĸȰͨСǵǿս
ǣ˵ĹϵѾɸ֮飬һˣǾٷѾ࣬ʲôأ
ֻʼղ׵ǣ׿ѾľСʲôԻĸԸصӣ
ȦС꣬ûշģ׿Ȼô׵ˣⲻζ벻ס
ǡʲôʱأ
һ뵽ǰ˫Ĵս˲߷ôֵ飬˱Ҳֻ̾ò׿СӵĹˣǧź
һأȻɵֵĹͨʱѣ
ͨһֵţɲǰģ
ǰҪȳɡСӺ׿֣ѵСǻǾ£ǣ˾ḧ룬˼Ƭ̣
Ҳ΢΢ͷΪ׵
ֻйƺЩŭԸ뿪̤ǰһͨϷǰǸԳеӢۺú㾳أҲûԹֺû뵽㾹˳޳֮׿ԣɣ㲻ƷңҲԿȦ˻ʼҽɽкβͬ
֪֣ͨ͸صԣΪҽɽְأĪҪ͵ˣּ϶˾ǾΪȳ
ͨȴüͷһ壬Щˣ˭Ҷʶ㣬⸱ӣҺ£
ǺǺǡͨϷ򲻱֪˭ֻϣ㻹е֮ԼЦһǱ룬ȴɼᶨ
ͨиɻ˻ôƵġȴǸǵʶôˣ
Ǻܿ죬㶯˶ӣһڣȴȻеϾȻɢһɣʶϤζ
㾿ʲôˣǰ𣿡ͨɫһ࣬
û˵ΣȴͻȻ˦͵׿Դȥȳ׸߼似ƴ

ʱ䣬ǺһģһĹ򣬱㻯Ϊǧǳ㣬ֱֱ׿ȥ
ǹɹǿƣ⾭һУ˲仯Ϊ촷ۡǿҲ·Ҫ˺һ㣬
̲ͫסһͨ˴ǺȻ׿ǰʱ͵ؾѣһ̤Ȼǰһȭ
䣡
ǧ˲ѣƮɢʧֻĿռڲϵ𶯣йͨһֱȭͷ
׺˾ն˲˴Եؿһɻ
Ҫ֪ԹͨʵҪǰ˵׿˼Ҳ򲻿֪ΪΪλǰҪأ
ⲻûȤô
ǣôվһ˿ΪԼƽţƺϵһ㡣
ãῪڣʧЦ֪ͨ˭˰ɡ
ص˵ͷͨҲһ˿˸У૳û뵽㻹ţΪ
ߣţ
Ȼͨδ˵꣬ҡԴЦЦг˱㿴ӣǻ𣿡
̧ͨؿһۣû˵ֻе¶֮ɫ
ؿ֣صͨһȭϷһҪͻƻ龳ĸ֣֮£ת˲ˣÿ£Ϸ﷢ޡϷ򲻺㣬ΪһֱϷԡڡ
Ҳŵԣͨһ
ûУֻ뷽跨ԣΥ֮ţͬŭʵ
ͨһɵɫ
׶˼ˣһ飬о֡
Ȼһֱ֪λǰڻڳΪǰѾڱǰϹˡ
ǣһֱ֪
죬ˣҲΪˣɹѵͨġϾ˹ͨٶԣǵǶԶµġ
˿ͨ粻ؿ߳ȵТţ㵱ĸΪ㶨µ׼ѵҪ𣿡
ٴ͵𣬹ͨ˫ȸ̲סضš
˵ĵһ常ʦǾˣζ˵ʲôνħЩܽܡ
Ψ˵ȸ־ȴζܲˡ
ȻҡŨŨ֮Уȴʶ¶һаЦݡʱһȻ֮ȴ
õĹӰͳһˣʥеʥǰ꣬⹷ƨ֮˵ŪһӣǴɷΪ𣿡
׿³һ˫оڣ͸µİԶǵӰñŵǰǲǸȰԼӰӰ˲ǣ
׿ҧҧ˫ȭݺݵ߬𣬴޳֮ˣ֪ʲôƭ˹ͨΪ󡣲ͨ常Ǹ֪֮ˣ⺢֪֡㣬;
ͨʣһθ羴֪߳ܵıСˣ㰮أʣͨȴһ֪شԥ
оһ׿ﲻ֪룬Ҫͨθ׵ıȽϣԼԹͨӰ졣
ǣ׿ͨǰԴΪǵرܹ⣬ȻЦǰǸ֪˾ӸףɽթĻ˸ףȻһ·ˣһǹͨġǶСӵİһֺֿ
˫ͫһ̧ͨ׿׿Ȱݣɵ¶Ȼ΢Ц
թ׿
һ̲ס˳飬һֻӬ㣬ҧгݡ


457 ඾
ǻһаĻȣ׿ת׿ʵ㣬֪ܵƭСô¶ͯţ֮ģɵ˾ΪȻ֮ΣҪԾ֮Ĵ֮
ߣ׿ϷһҾΪǶⱰС˿ģŭһһȻƺеֱҹ¹š
ͨ΢΢˼Ҳǵص˵ͷ׿ϵԽȭԱȷĹú
СӣҴӲģҲĹˣľΪɵ֮𣿺ߺߺߣЦ
һЦ׿ÿɷ֮ˣΪĻӣӣʤѵһ֣ܰν֮ʣ𣿡
ǺǺǡ˵ĻҵҪλˣľ֮ˡܹ޳ܵڲƭһ溢ͯΪ꣬ڣҪԴԼԴСǾ֮𣿡
һ飬ҭ˵ܿ쳣ᶨҺ͹ͨľ֮Լⷴڣ
ҲҲҳžΪΪ㵱ڲƭСоϾ֮У֮Լ˾֮ȻǾӣֺαԼ׿Цһ˵ԼȫƷ
ãСǰʥνػЭǱƭˡСֱ֮ˣõԼ
˵ʥǰսˣ׿Ҳ޷顣
ǡɽգծسˣ׿ûСӰԵļ
ͨ磬ϵ˵Ҳͦеģ΢΢˵ͷ
龰ȴǴ󼱣°ޡ
ͨ¶Ȼٶ꣬ɺͯԣ׺ƭƫƫ׿թ֮ͽһȴ׽˵ˡ
ͨӦûǵãϷԼʮȭ
죡
ҪͨȰ˵˵ı׳һĻҪˣȴ׿ʮֲشˣʥǰ䲻ΪǾӣ֪ǰ׳٣Ҳúᵱ£ƵƵ¼Դٴڲƭͯȴֻǵһƺˣֱ޳
ǻҲãѳְҲգԼ£㱾óܵġǴʱ˿̣ȻҪԼѡСô溢ͯߺߺߡݺô꣬δ޳֮ˡȲҪĹӣԼתҲͰˣӣɥĲʲô֮䣡
㡭㡭ڴڵشŴϣҲ˿˿죬˵ֻһֱֱָָֻŶЦ׿޲⣬Ѫ´򲻹
׺˾ն˼ˣҲǲɵһ˼ؿ׿һ˿ĭ
Ȼ֪׿ʵǿĻ죬û뵽ڲҲ˵áͽλݺǰǰһˣ˵С
ҲҲ򲻹ӣǻǵһμ
ǰϢŭ壡ƺ촭ˣ˾ղɸæȭȰ
ǹȴһָ֣׿ķҧȴǰ˵һ仰
׿һЦӴ͹Уô֪Сӵһ常飬˵һУҲǻҰŵģ
һ£һ˫ͫɺݺӵʱͣͷɵ˲㺹ˮ
ǺǺǡҲ¶ˣǻҵĲ֣׿аЦһ⡣
ͨȴһŵؿ׿ɻϵ㡭˵ʲô
Сӣǰ飬֪ġոλʥǰΪٻƭȥΪЧȴǲС˵©졣Ȼ֪һ常ΪˣǺҼǵã߼Ҵսʼ󣬻ҲŲֵġʱһ常Ӧͱ߼֮ɱ˲Ŷԣ׿Īľ⣬Ц
һֱĬһɵؿ׿üͷ
ͨϸϸ˼ΣȻ̧ͷ׿常⾿ô£Ұ
ܼ򵥣һУǡñ˶ѡһ߼ʵıһս߼ҲȷήҲˣ
۾΢΢һУ׿аЦʵۣ˵ڴֻǺ󣬾һֱעҵĶˡⲢϡ棬ΪȻҪһָƣǸոðͷҲһǰĻʵۣȴѾ°ɽ󣬲Ӧⲻ𣿺ǺǺǡֻһ֮
Ϊ͵ҩ¼ԹһһڻҼ֮ˡΪľ߼Ҷǵʵڣ常㣬ҲǻⰲţϢġȻ常ȫұɱҲǻ߼˹ȥġ
ʲôͨ͵һ˫ȭݺݵԽ죬ŭ常㣬˵ģ
ƨͨģⶼϹµģһɴʵʱͨҲʧءǻҰţԷȵ⣿
ǺǺǡǰû˻ȵ⡣һҶףı˳죡û˿ȫѿȫ֣мһ©ܶƻСӣȻһ㣡
Цһ׿֮ԱƣСӳ뽭֪ʡԲŻ͵¼ҩҩĵ£֪أɱ֮ʵȫˣˡȻǵ۾ǣһ㿴ˣСˣΪʱսǴʵ
Ǻһ常ĳ֡ǹģǾǵˣСӵʦТȻǱ߼ˣɱ常ȫң𣡡
˵ľ⣬׿·һ㣬渵ҲֻһͷѡСֻǷ̨ǰľżʵҲҪǿ԰а߼Ҹٰ֣ͷϣ߼ʵû뵽ǣСӱ޵ȼŭʵȫӣ޵£߼
⣬Ӧ˵ʱ̡ǣþǧ㶼ûϵǣСʵ̫ˣѾǵĿơҪʰо֣Ϊ۹Ҳһ飬˲أ
⣬һһǧ˰˰ٵıҹ°׿ҡҡͷ̾˵ŷ
ȴ亹乣оԸӡ
׿ͷ۹Ҳ趾ǰ£ȻֻԾܸλ軹
̧׿׿һۣԶԡֻйͨûҲеɷֹסɢ


458 ֵ
ϵ˵ġ𣿡ҧأͨݺݵؿŭʵ
²һݣתϣǿֻĺҲ²ѣǰ飬ô֪
ҵȷ֪ոһҲҲµġͦ˵©ǶΣаЦһ׿ȻԵõ
ͨҲüͷһ壬۾ʳǰô֪常Ϊˣ
֮£ĪֵôıȻҪúõһˣʲôֵģǿԼ
ȻһЦ׿ٴɣʥǰļԿáСϵ常ǸͨĶ˶ѣ㾹ȻܽƷԼ꣬Ҳʵ˰
̲ס߬߬ȭͷ޲óȥ׿ȭȻ׿ǰǴβ֣û֤ݣÿһⶼֱҪ㣬òֲԲѡ
ʣĸ֣ϰͨ˷Ƕ˵Ʒԣδͼꡣ
ľ֣ôģֱеĵۣ
ΨһĽ;ǣǾǾĲһξ֣߼һ֡
˴һжΪ껤֮׵ˣ
˿ãĬƺɡͨһпȻأɵһʹ
ģô常һΪܿǷ¡йػҲٵĶѡ
ôΨһһУȫǾˮ°ޣû˿ϡûйˣ

ͨ쳤Х˻Ǳ밧š
׿һԾؿţ̾˿ҲЩ̡
һҪԵͨĻҲԸ̽ô뷽跨
ͨҪһҵΣûһҪƷֻҪСӲֽţͿˡ
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һľű͵ײһλųϻŻŵ˽󺰵ˣǵĽȫˣô죿
˿޳һƽ̨ϣεر۾һįô죿ͶɡǵΨһʤո׿ĺˣȻˣôŲƣǹڴҲûʲô˼ˡ
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޳жϣֻǴؿţԽԽ٣˶ϾɱؿţеѪϣڲϻζ޷
ִϣһ̧㽫Ѫι׿аЦſ૳ǺǺǡ㻹ѡԼʲôѵģ
׿Ǹħݺҧҧ޳һѪʵ˶ǰһƬ죬˫ĿȻס
׿˿Ϊ⣬Ц㲻֪ʲôֵģˣӦö֪ӵĴ·ɡ
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һ裬׿ȻԵõһ̫ʦϣаЦĪҪԩⶼҵġҸҴƱˡ㵹ãвңǺǺǡӿǺܼǳģƾ˵㣬Ҿ͸ðǴƱ۰룬ĥҹ˵ٸ̸ߣ
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ⲻܣɽ常ҪΪҺ飬ҲػȻǣȻϵϢسߣƺҡҡͷзźɡ
ͨмƲƲ죺ߣСүûʲô˵ġ˵һ򣬾ΣСүһȭ¶ѣ

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ƺȴʧЦһҡҡͷͨǰ֪ʵˣ´֮ǿ´ҲΪ˶Ը֣´ейսֻҪֳһסǿɾ׸ˣ
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𳤷ͻʵɴգȫΧܲǵĶԹֻһԺվһԣƨٱرܣ֪ôˡ


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465 黢
˫ʥǰͨսģǿλ֮ԭǾûƤ΢΢˶𳤷һʧЦԭǺǺǡ
˱˴˶һۣҲ¶һ˿Ϊصʹ֮ɫƺ䲻Ƕһ㡣
һԱµǻۣӦѲ׵˰ɡʮѾӦѾȫΧȮֹʮҲȻ˱µ塣ֻǡҪ쵽һ㣬ҪϷ֪Ҳֻжսϼһ͡ǣƽѵ׿һ
һ𳤷˫ĿͻȻһؿʵ۵£òỹһӴϷ֪İɣ
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𳤷˿ȴЦɣٶ˵ˣͱЩȮ˸ˡΧȮֵʮ򾫱б׼õ
ʮȮ־ŶԣȻ𳤷ѻ˵꣬ʵǵЦһƵة࣬ʮȮ־ѵΪ֮ͲٴЩ𣿡
Цһ𳤷̾ϢҡҡͷȴǲٶԣǿذķذιӣϷһ㲻¾ʲôô
ةˣʵ³ŵǣһɣԱȫΪȮУذ΢һͷ͵
𳤷簵㣬üԱʢǸѵõĺõؽ硣ֻҲֻʮ֮һĹˡϷŵǣɽһƽѵŵô𣿡
ǺǺǡة࣬ʱ˫ֻǿĴСܷõǹؼҡҡͷذЦةʱ¾Ȼ֪һСһһ˼Ҽ֮ڣܳ𣿡
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ǻһĻȣذ˿Ϊ⣬ת׿ԵĻʵһۡ
ʵоһӹһ˿ɱ⣬૳νԪ˧ѸߣҲúúЪЪˣ
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ôǺǺǡ
ճյЦЦ𳤷糤̾찧Ƕһһ䣬ΪϹʮͷȴ³ϷҲˣ϶黢治Ϊ
𳤷񷣬һƬįر˫
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һİһ˫ͫؿһУ̾ս죬ȻսϷ򼴱ʤˣҲʤ֮䡣ôˣϷҪԸ˶һСˣ׼ɣЩСϷŲסϼһģ
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ĻٴһȣȻΪ㣬ͬһС߰㣬СΪλ˷ȥʱƬâ֮С
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ط˱ǰнľһĹ򣬳ȺӵӰأȻǰ
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ʱ˿̣Է޴ڶ࣬°ϣûʽ£ȴơ


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ʱ䣬ĶӣÿӶʮ˵Ԫ˴ںϣһţİѼ⵶һֱֱǰȥЩδɣҪΧȦ
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⣬ǲ´ʵȻǸ˺СһɴǾ޵еĴڡ
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ǣӿٶûʲôôͷҲӿٶȵĻǹɳ൱ֲģս𣬻˻
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΢һͷ¶м֮ɫ򼴽ѪӰǣ¶һ˿ᶨתͣ侲֡


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ʱ䣬һֻֻŭСȥƺһ̧㣬ܽ˲ȱһ㡣
Ȼķչȴǳϣʧߣ
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ǰͷ棬ǵһսģʱĴʧȥϵЩʧȥָӣҲڲͣ档ֵĴڲתЩһһ룬һС󵥶ԡ
е޴ָȻǱԺ൱бǲ֪ģԭ޷˳ǣ֮оŶִĳı˷沨ظнһתȦ
ʱһãЩ޵ԴЩԺҲôбˡ
ѪӰпô󼱣޵ҧгݣֵսȻЩ޵ƽˣġ
ָӣҲһЦָŴ任ͣҵͻΧȥͻƿڡ
ֻҪʱһЩ޷ˣֻ޴ͳ׷ˡʱҪѪӰǣ׾١
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Цݵһ˻ս֮ͻȻһâ»ûӦһ죬ֻսӵʱ㱻˳ȥԭսҲ̼߽⡣
ɭɱͬһ֧֧㣬ʱɢľأȻǧʿ
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飡
Ȼ䣬һǰ£˵ԪΪһ壬ʱǰóһεϡ
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ٴǰȥȴǸǹŰɫ׵꣬ͬһӰ׵Ľʿûһֻڡ
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ǣȴǸ⣬Ȼû޴ȮִȴһֱԶܵǿս
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Һʱ·ǰǣȻ롣
뵽»·Ͷȥһм񣬶·΢΢ͷȻЦЦǵǽĿ⳯ɱʱȴֻء
һͽ֮ƵĶ»սӻɱǴĹͻжôֲ
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ǺĻҲս׷׿ʼ£ȥ
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ǣǶжǽŶ´Ķ򣬿־һΧһȦڳ˸͡Ļӷֱķս룬⣬˿ûбΧƣ
СӣǲΪûǰ÷ʽ;ԲǵĵˣߺߺߡҶ¾ĶǿɻûôϷһֻǣʲô°ɣ
սЦһɨڳˣüȮֵ󽫾Ҳɵһݣ塣
ȻԪ˧˼ҵ˾ȴ֮ˣֱ̧˱ȭɱ˵˸Ǳ˵ͷ
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ǣսӼ嵽´ǰҪ̤ƽһʱսȴͫһ³ŭ£

һ䣬һ𣬶սնµоһɳ´ҲȫԪΪһ塣
ʱ䣬֮ԪʱΪһƬʵʵĺˮ꣬Ҳ·󺣰㣬ɻƴպˮе
ǣֻգ֮䣬ʮʮɣٵɣȫΪһȺɽľڶ´ελм䡣
嵽ʱһȴͣˡ
飡
췢սʱ㱻˻ȥɱһҲ⡣
һڿѪ׷һ˻УЩȫײս󣬵ʱ߽⣡
гһӣսٴνջأ룬һĹâߵ֪Ҷ´˰ɣ
ݺݶŶս첻ţǼɺ벻ʣҲ޷
սڣ֧ȷѶԸúܡ
Ƴһۣս첻ȥǸȵȮ粽ɱǶˡذɽǲҲóϷһˣ
ǺǺǡϷԪ˧˶ϣв֮һЦдһް߰׵ӣʮӵͬ£˳
æ˹һݣԪ˧
ˣȮֱԪ˧սս޵Уذɽɡ


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϶ֳ֣սֵˬʴЦذɽö˶˵ȮִԪ˧˼̽ȴǧܵ𳤷ָʲôôʰʨܵϷ棬ݾѿҲƷѲٰɣ
ǺǺǡս죬㲻ûңȻϷˣһּ£Ǹ˶ԹЦһذɽϷԼҲһˡϾǼʮ϶ˣԴϷɲԸñȡߣ
оһսЦߺߣôĿսʮ꣬δֳʤѵΪܴϷ𣿡
ѵ𣿡
üͷһذɽЦǽսƾ¡սҵ޴ڣֻս󷨣ҵ޴ȴû˿ʧ˫ɻȱһɽɹʡʵҵʵɣУȻ˾սЩʤ֮䣬ԣթհҲͱԹˣ
սضȴǲÿɷһЦһӣָָڳɵҶսıӢսηûҲЩǿѵûղţϷȻ·ĳ𣿡
Ŷ𣿡
ǻһаĻȣذɽϸϸɨڳһۣȴЦ϶װϷƭƭǰпɣҪϷ˫ۣȴ̫Щ
оһذɽȻָ¾Щʿ¾һ£㲻߲ս£Ҳƣ̬ϷΪ˽⡣ΪոʹȻЩأ
üͷһսӶ˶ȴָֻƽɫĻȴǿһ£
Ϸ䲻֮Ҳ֪󷨣ʯΪ֮תǸոһУӺζϷû´Ļ㳤ŵ꣬ûôͨȫʿԪŷĪϷ·ˡ
ɹһЦذɽ·𿴴һУȵһȫʿԪǼΪĵġԴйأغϣȻȫ̱ɾϷ޾ţҲֻζѡȻܵشǶƤ˵ȴǲôġս죬֮ʹУȻ֤㲽޿κˡ򣬱زֹ֮١Ȼˣ־ܰɣ
һ׷һ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ǵ϶д˴УǰôûԭǴ۷ˡ˵һǧ˰٣ûʲô˵ģ
һʱ䣬¶Цݣָս׼档
Ļˣ׷ɫһս죬ѯԪ˧
۾΢΢һУս˼૳ǼǲǵãʮһºȣҪֻһڣѹʵ˷֮ѵءһڶʽͻΧٽУȶأӦһ
常
ȻԸճֱһصԪ˧ɣѵ˵˾Ķºзˣв밡
ºҶȥһȵײ
΢΢˶ս첻ɳ̾ǵ˾Ϸ˵Ϸն£ս죬Υ쿹֮⣬зɡºȣϷ֮ءһº裬ҶҲˡ
ΣϷΪ֮ԣȫʿڲˣǺǺǡˬʵЦЦս緢ȳĻ󣬷죡
²һݣĻۿЩʪ󣬵ɺݺһȭȳԪ˧
һ̣Ļٴθ˾ְָս󣬿ʼͱ任
ذɽˣüͷһ壬¸еףɱǾף࣬ɻͻ
ǣ
һȭҲ׷ָսǰͳȥ
ʱ䣬ӿХΪһѼ⵶Юʮ֮޿ƥеƣŶ´ݳȥǹ޵ĺХ÷Բ֮ڵ޷񣬺ĵľηԼѨﲻҳ
´Ԫ˧սóȳǰ棬Ļʶӽںһǰ
ˣЦһֳѣֻ֮󣬲޹Ԫ˧óôӵսҲ̫Ʋ˰ɣ
ߣûмʶСӣⲢǳ󣬶ķ󣡡
һ䣬ս뷢ٵ졣һǵ꾹һηա
ֻһΣҪãڽԪˡǴһʼ֣˲˵ԪΪһ塣
ֻգ۹򣬸ոտȥƲײһֳĶ´˲ǻΪһľڿշ
ǰھڰţ
龰ذɽͫһʧɫôҲû뵽ֻǷʽͻʽ
ǣǷѾȫҪͻĻǺķѵԪ
뵽ذɽ۾У°˼

ʱĴ´ķҲݺݵһ𡣲ϣһıУķɻ˲ͱӴز񻰵ľײɢˡ
ۡ
̲ס³һڿѪ˷׷ˤڵأǻ졣ЩҲǵùߵģһص£нͷûϢһˡ
Ƕ´ԶȥУ֮ɫ
Ԫ˧ô죿ɱǲ˲ǵѪذɽǰ˷֮ɫ
սһδܼеĴսܽȫ˿ûаȤԡֻ´˷һлֵܼĶ֡
룬ذɽЦ׷ܲ˶Զ
׷Ԫ˧ոУǿǳԾ˿ͷ׷ˣΣɻ
ذɽһЦôֺαܣǸʽأȻľ޴󣬴ʱͻ֮ã´ս𣿺ߺߺߡʱǻõʱ
ԣ˲ǰһ׷׵ͷǡ
ǺڰźԱ͵ذɽŶ´ܵķ׷ȥ
ʱγɵľ˵ء
ǣɢȥ󣬳ֵȴһɫ԰׵Ӱţ۵췢֮в˵˲ûϢ
ĻͬŴǰ쿴ȴǷ֣ǶǾľ
ʵ̫ˣ·翴һУƤ΢̾
սҲа̵̾ر˫ͫ૵ǡȥ쿴һ£Σ
ǣ
Ļһȭȥˣһ˻Ԫ˧нʮֵܡˣ
δս֮һҶ´ǰδаϷ򡭡Щʿս쳤̾һݺᡣ
ĻˣҲбݡ
νǣ¾ʷ
Ԫ˧ǰԶǹºˣذɽǺܿͻ׷ǻǾ׼Ϊáңңǰ˿ֳΣ
սʰ飬΢΢ͷºȥֻٽ֮ǰŹȿŵһɰдġºȡֵľʯٸŹвʱɵģսо˿˿֮С
ҲϷĻɥڴ˰ɣ
һҡҡͷսһȣ̤˽ȥڽʿҲϣܿǹк֮䣬ʧˡ


470 ճǼ
¡¡¡
죬һӶ޴̤뻮һĲһǲ԰ɽȿڡ
ȿһʯɰдšºȡ֣
ͣ
޴ǰһλް߰׵ʿ˻֣ޱȫ֨һͣ˽ŲǰʵԪ˧ôˣ
شһֵɽȣذɽḧ룬˼ã϶ոͻΧľʿ󣬲ܳԶⷽԲ֮ڣҲʲô֮ܲذֻɽȣп
ǰ㽫ѡǿһ̽ذɽͫһʩ
һȭǣĩ
ţں󷽵ľʿѡɽǧˣɳӡ׺ޣɽ̽˽ȥ
Ȼոսɽȣȴͻһ֮ը죬涸Ȼǽһ߰㣬ʱ㽫ǰΧ档
Ǽˣɴʧɫеã󷨣쳷
Ǵʱ˿̣볷ȴҲûôˡֻͷһֻɫâ㶸Ȼֻ֣һգ۵Ĺ򣬱һײ˹ʱǧ޵սȫɢβս
̧ۿȥݺҧҧ·磬㣿
ٺٺ١ңмˣһЦ·սӼۿȥ󣬾֮ڡҸ彡ƻֺ꣬а֮
Ƿսɢβսֻһ˲Ĺͷ޾ȫеѪ֮С
⻹ޣŻֻʧͷǻ˵ĻǧʧȥϢˡ
̵ģ´սδʧƾսȥֻȫû֮ٳΪǣ
ţǲٶ֯ʣ޾ţдطȻӿٶȣȥʱŤͷ·磬ָ
ߣĪҪûңӲŲϵһЦ·統ͣ¶飬ԭأʧӰ
ǻ׿û׷Ҳǲɵس
ոǻʵǷ֮Ŀľǲö·׷ˡĻԶ·伲磬ûȥѾ˼£ˡ
ã·Ϊյ֮ߣ׷ˣӹһ١ǣ֪Ƕ·Ϊ֮һأ
磬֪Ԫ˧ճǼƣǻ᲻ϵңңһ۷ʧķ򣬶ֲ֪ʱ˶·ǰü̾
·ҲأͷǰǲŵĻǽǿûֵˣϾ
˵·ת׿һʿĵóֵսֻô˰
һ棬ǱشŲ˳ȻȫǲбܽذɽˣһæʵǣΣոձ˧Ķзˣ
Ԫ˧ϣ´ڹаӪկǴʱ˿̣ȻʽȿֺСȮ޴ʩչֻ޳룬ֻаķݶˡ
˵Ҳɫ֪ˡذɽǡڲ˷ʽӦҲûж˰ɡ
൱·սƺȫûܵӰ죬ʵôǿƾʽֻ֮һ˲䣬¾ͱˣ̾˿ҡͷ
ذɽɻת׿һԵɱǵɱǣȥʵҪСģʵд棬вսһҪ
ǣ
ɱһͷԼһɱڵĽʿУѡ˼ǧܸ֮ˣͻӣɽȷ˳档
ǣոսȿںһ㣬׵ػȻǰ֡ȴȻ壬з컭ǰһӱɱһ
Ȼǰ壬һâȴǶȻ֣Ƕ·ʶ﹥ڿ·绹Ц֮ɱǣǰǰˣ൱ڶذɽһ۰
ߣңǸ𣿡һЦɱǲÿɷսɱһۣǷ컭϶˴̶ķ

һ죬ââ֯һȴת˲š·սӵʱ㱻ɱһ˳ȥ
ǣ¶ɫһɱӹȿ˷𡣷ۿȥȴ֡»𡢶ɽˣÿ˸ʮ
ңĽʿҲǸƲɷ֮У
ѵ˵´Ļд󲿷ս
۾΢΢һУɱһ֣֯룬սȻԸҲףĻ֣൱ģ˵˼ҵĵ̣Ѳʽ
һսʤ㲢
Ǻãã֮УɱǵӰܿʧˡ
ǣ벻ǣʧһɲǣǰԮʿҲǱȫʧ
·ǰֲɿЦһĵ磬㻹ðɣ
˿·粻ؿڣص˵ͷЦû£ؿЩơɱǣȻúܣ
ǰҺ常ȼ֪֮ذɽ϶Ҫ̽ǰ׼æ֮£һһ󣬻лӰǾԵǵġŻһ£ǿԣǺǺǡЦһ磬ĿǰҲʿģƶѡҪǸոɱûбߣ嵽ǰֻķݶˣ
䣬˻࿴˿󣬽ǴЦ
ɱǳȿں󣬲֪һУΪ棬ذɽԪ˧ȷ˷Ҷ´սûм١ʮϾսڷͲ֪ˣ
ʮ򾫱ʽҪɽȣѾˣεҡҡͷذɽüͷ壬ɻѵϷжϴˣ϶ǸУ̫ʿͷˢӣô׶ԸĽɫ
ˣȥɽΧ𣬶ˮϷͲţǲоһذɽȳ
ڽһȭ׷
ͬʱĻȮִѾӪկʼΧǣ֪ٹӻص˹дӪֻʮ쿴غ򼴿ɡ
˧ǰۿȥѾ˽ʿ
з֮ȻûľҲȻѵأҪָʵҪʱա
ҲֻнʣļΪϸߵĽʿĻһų棬ŻһȮִ
ĻҪ֪´ʱȻֻвʮ˿ãһѷˡ
ˣǵΣҲûȹ
Ԫ˧ȮִȻȴɽΧסҪݣԪ˧ʾ£Ļǰ·ȹ¡
սɫ룬Ŀ޼ƿʩֻһһˣ
ֳһͻȻҪǷԮɣ
ȥĶԮ۶Ŀǰ°Σ֪Σܹܵǣ˫ս첻ɳ̾˭뵽Ҷս쾹Լҵؽߺߺߡ𳤷磬п
ĻˣҲ΢΢һ̾ҡҡͷ
ܿ죬ֱҪСԮԣ
һʱͫһƺֿϣƵġ


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ˣҲͷ
ǣսȴɫһ࣬ŭסڣԮһ£롣˭ϣ巢ţ
Ϊʲô·һԡ
һսһɫԴ׿꣬˻жСȻվһǸ֮ѶˡɳټԹ޻ڡοǰǻҪȥңȴȣ޳֮£
Ԫ˧СӦòģϾһֱװλ˧·￩һ£˼Ȱο
Ǻ΢΢˶սеһɫֱܿ˼ᶨȵĸϷ֣С巢򡣷򣬾ã
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Ƕսִֵذ˰֣ȵҲ֮飬壬ϷġΣ֮ᵱ֮飬˹޳֮£ϷսΪĸСȵĻϷڲʲ壬һףһϷ򣬽֮䣡
²һݣĻ˴˶һۣΰ̾һҡҡͷ
常˵ݶˣ֪ȰҲˣһݣ̾Ϣ˳ȥ
뿪ıӰսУҲŨŨİ
磬磬Ȼ常СԮΣǸ²źãһУ»ص
ֳһ⣬ھͷСԮ
ɣո常Ļû¹常ڣСˣǵþȣ常Ҳڰ֣·üһǡ
ȴüͷ΢壬磬ܣĵܣ֪ûоã·ǳ֣
ʲô֣ʵ
Ǳǽźңһ·϶ʮƽۿҪսʱȴּٻǣ
۶ѣȼݣʲôֵģüͷһ·ɵ
ȷûʲô֣Ǳʲôˣ˲ǻܹܲҺ͵ſս֮ıߣôױ˴ֲ𣿼ˣҲӦ֪Զˮⲻ˽ôܴҴææּ߶ɲ£
־Ҳǰ˼ǣ΢΢ͷ
УǲзɽҲƺǱƵ𣿡ţֵǶ´һսḻǱǵگͣ˴Ҵææ·̽Ӷţ֮У
˵گǼٵģ𳤷Դ˺ƭǣڲ̲ͣסһ·¾ɲĻ˵۶Ѿ䣬µӡ𳤷Уܼٴּ
³һֻҡҡͷ̾Ҳȷһˣһ֪еһУ
˭
Ҵܼң׿оһֶѵˣ׿ǵټ̩Ȼ֮ȻʱΪԴǶ´ʦǸͻᱻٻأ
ʲô
Ȼһ·ɫ䣺ô˵𳤷ͨ׿ҲУСԮȫûϣˣ˭֪ң׿ƹһУ
ԣҲһء
˼ȴҡҡͷδأСһʱֹһ׿ңһֱ뷽跨ڼеļλȻȴӲǵ൱ءԣҲΪһ뵽Ƕ´ı˵׿вУС棬ӦҲʡʱ׿ʸףһдף
΢΢ͷΪ
常»һ󣬵ĵ
Цһֵ常浱ȻҪֻ̰Сľȣºһе
һټһҲ·˰֣Ц
»ɽˣҲʼ磬ƲƲ磬ֵܷԸͬȻҪҲһ£
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ţֱ壬򷢳ɽȡ̵Ĺâֱ˲ʧȴЯ´ϣ
ֻǣûע⵽ǣڲԶУսӰ
ϷһȻ֮ɫս쳤̾һЦҡҡԴĸɵӣԺ·ĺܣٳܵĶϷɡ
˵ţǵԽӰûŨŨ֮С
һ棬ٳҵһڣһʯϣɫԲ԰סΧŶˣǴܼ׿뵤ɣ
ϸϸز쿴һɲεҡҡԴ̾ҲǹģƴŽķգҲҪһʱ֮¡һֺαأ
ǺǺǡյ磬㲻Цһ׿ɣϷŰ˵ڻǵİٵʢϣҲΪ˸ҶһһڿѪƴ£Ϊʤһִţ
ԣҲǺЦŵ˵ͷ׿ܼ⻰ܲˣգϷǵաǶ˶ΪԼãƴһеˣͬһ·˰
ٺٺ١Ҿϲһ·ˣִţֵһЦ׿Ȼؿ˶һۣ֮ɫ
ϷѲ׿ܼҵ£Ҳ˾ƷʦˡǣڽϣȻǸˣָδ֮أ֪޷Ʊɱʹ࣬ҡҡͷɳܹ̾Ұ޸ģֻˣȻʧˣǺá

Ȼʱ׿ȴǰ˰֣ЦؾܹṩԴԴϵϢǶǿȴûôЧǻҲֻϻָԭΪѴ覴áͱ˿ܡֹ۷żҲͻƲˡ˵Ǹ
ָܻʵѾˣʲôͻƣʧЦҡҡͷɵ
ǺǺǡϴԲӣָֻʵĻҰսֽǣʵǿҼȻҪȣҪǰǱǣȻȻˣãҲã
۾һɿ׿Ц׿ܼңкöˣ
Ȼüͷһ׿ЦȻĻǻַѪƴ֮ʱҾͳֹˡΪа취һԼԸ
˵ţ׿йâһóһСƿЦװŵģʮƷҩҶĸ¶¶ʮƷҩҩġɵʮƷͨ쵤Խͨǣǿ硣˵ϣ˷ĩҲܸáңǰĽǿ͡Ϊߣҩ
ʲôʮƷͫһɹһ˿ĭǻȵ


472 ֮
ﲻ֪룬׿ȻһЦƿ¶ݸɣüϣûȤ֣սһʮƷѶȣ
׿ܼңЩɬ촽ֽ޴룬֣ЩĵҪˣ񲻰Ϲѵõҩô
ʲôҩеǣº𣡡
νһ֣׿ʮѵشЦһűͳһűֽ˹ȥЦͨ쵤ɵĻϻȣҶǣҲ࣡
ԣɺЦһؽҩ͵ȫ˹޵׿ܼɽʦĸְģϷһƣ׿ܼҵ࣡
ᶨ׿ˣ΢΢˵ͷ
֮׿һս֮գһ˳㽫Щµõǿʬս㣬ʱ⣬˲ȥ
׿Ҫ쿴һɶͨ쵤ƽʱȴǴЦţϲе׿ܼң׿ܼңҳɹˣɹˡ
вһ׿ƺҲЩ⡣
ϾɲŸոտƷʦУʮƷȻô׾ˣţһƿ¶֣Ȼʮƿʱеչû뵽
һˣ׿и֮ɫ
ɹȻǶҩ츳ڳˡЩħʵһĻĿǰɾ;Ʒʦ˵ز
ûôֻ࣬״һϲܵǰһƿȥЦ׿ܼңҵʮƷƷ˵һƿ¶ϷֻһŶѣ
һѾܲˣ΢΢˵ͷ׿¶Ȼ֮ɫ㽫ƿ򿪡
ʱ䣬һ뵵ĵȻܳһű㾫һѪʱͨ
׿ɫ죬û뵽ʮƷȻﵽƷ֮СҪ֪ͷһʮƷ˳ɾֱͣ漣
Ƕ˵׿Ͻ˿У͵ʼҩ
ʱ֮󣬵˵һ׿ȫƶȻǣڸոͻؾúֽһΪؾĸ֡
˫ۣ׿һȫ󳩣ƺǰӿ࣬ϲãϣͨ쵤ƷѾ൱ˣû뵽ҩЧôáϣŰ
ջһΣһϲ̵ģ˼ͷ
Щȫ㣬úְɣϻָʵ׿վóʮƿ¶˹ȥ
ɼɴ󾪣æϲԽӹǶЦֵȥˣǺǺǡʦģôĪҸ
ϣ׿ڣκϡҩĶȱֻҪ֣ͣҾͲ»ӻȥ
䲻һؿ׿һۣصص˵ͷǼ֮ɫ
ΪһʦܹϵսԼߵļƷ׵ĵҩÿһʦıԸ
ǣʵȴǲпġȲ˵ԼˮƽΪչΣǸƷ׵ĵرͲôɵõ
㻨ʮҵһҩһˣǶѪһ
׿ڣ⽫Щû˵ĵرʦӻ£ȴԹûйİܼΪ
Ͼ׿еԴϹʥ֮ףϹʱھռĪƸȻֻľţһëֻһëѾԸɵ½ˡ
˵Ƭ½ûһŻܹ׿ļҵ׸ԣ
ɸ׿ߣֱжĵѡ·ѡˡ׿ǿɿòٿɿӰ
׿ʽǮǱʦ֪ĻǷӵȲɣ
ıĽύ
Ѱɡ
׿磬ˣ常ǳˣʱһͻȻ׿Ťͷȥȴƺһŵ
ɼˣæһݣ
׿ȴɫƽƺϰ㣬ս϶Ϊңظ˴νѣҲ䱨ûʲôСֵģ
ô׿磬ϵһƺؿ׿૳
΢΢˵ͷ׿һǵĹâȻǴµź󣬷ֶ´ΧΪһ֮ѵĻԴ𣿺ǺǺǡΪ֪ǣ˸ս
Ȯ֣üͷһƺŵĴ򣬲˲
бƳһۣ׿Цԭˣ϶ˣȮִΧһµȫˣ
׿磬Σ常ѣȮִΧڹºУˮ취Ⱦǰ
ƺһ׿ȴǲÿɷаЦһȣʲôǰ뽫ȫأڷżȥȣƾʲô
ƺϢһͣĬ
һԵҲȻЦЦȰǰǶս壬ҪΪСˣȻϣЦô
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һ𣬳ݺײһȴ΢΢һ͡ɱҲöһֱϵʱһ顣
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475 Ԫ˧֮λ
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Ȼ˼Ԫ˧ѻ˵ϣٲܣ̫˲ǣͷûϵؼĻºð
ܲܰ˼үӵӣǵĻ˰ɣ׿ţ󡣵Ӣˬд֮硣
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Ԫ˧ǰĽ̻壬ûԪ˧Ǿһ
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ȻةǱɵģΪ̫Σգ޾ް֮󣬻޵ĶǴһԣǰһȴȴڡҾ½֪꣬ˣ˴˵Ӷʮ˽⡣ˣ޻еµ
֪ѣǺǺǡ
мƲƲ죬𳤷ҡͷʧЦ£֪ǲһ𣬻˻ҧʮĶֶѡѡҲϷǰ֪¾ύκѡ¼ҹˣѿԣ
ԣʵ۳ĬҲǷһȴһţǰɽһУҵĵһ˳ΪѣҲ֪ȷһСһµӣ޵ȷøΪ֪Դ
գǶϷ˰
Цһ𳤷Ǻ컨壬磬ƺĻ䣺ǵة𣿵ʱϷ򲻹һո;Сѣɱ̧ܳһ·ʱ˵ةһ죬ƿس٣֮ͽı֮ġҪ΢º΢࣬һ𹲴ʢ
û޵ʱû˵˵ȷϲ⣬ᵳӪ˽ı֮ӣʵḧ룬ȴ˾⡣
Цҡҡͷ𳤷ʱҲôãºѼ֤ݣˡǣ緢ȥвʱȴ˵ҪСı£ҵԾʱҲ⣬Ϊ泼֮ԣû⡣
ǣΪλϴʮ󣬾ҵҵַ֣ͬȴַˡ˸ĹѪ֮ģЧ֮͢⣬֡ʱҾˣΪα˶ңҰ̣ƾƶΪͬʱ鵱ة飬źȻ֡˱ΪǰϣĹ٣ǱƱ췴ġʱҲة֮Ժ⡣֮ģȻɲ⣡
ة֮λȨ㳯Ұܲһ˴ŲΪϳԵ޹ʶ·飬ٹٺģֻ跨֮
Ǻɫʵһƽةö࣬ô̲һѱ˵׼ˣҲȫԸֶγȥˡʱҾȷԤԹȻ飬֮׵λӣĪҲȷӴ߼ң޴˳ڳƽ棡
ԣ𳤷Цҡҡͷй˵ζԭһлڱµƿ֮У˵ϷһЩΪֻҪתõҲܰһСû뵽£˵ϷһǡϷ²ĵһߣ¶˼Ϸ򲻼Ҳ
ةĪҪǫޣǸѡνȮִΪ˿ûвȮΧʮ֮һأŵ˱ܾ裬Ҳ֮١գڰ
ʵ۳̾ȴǻЦ⡣
𳤷ˣʧЦҡͷ֮ͨҲҪ䵽Ϸͷˡװ˽˴Ϸ
ϷͷⶥñӶ˱㶥ˣϷѿһУųҲνֻһã˼⣬ɣ
˵޷ʵһ䣬⡣
꣬𳤷ĵϷʶضʥʱһᵱʱͰǰŵ΢ߵģ
ǺǺǡҪл˾ˣ
һЦʵ־ƺһ൱⣺òˣͶս춼Ǵ˾ټʵټ֮ǰȻԤʾǵĳ֣֮˻Թǣ
ʱ޾ͷսȻԣΪ޶ۣϺÿơ𳤷磬ʱ¶꣬ȴӵһģĺܣδضǸϺꡣΪһþòɽضʥװˣȣ֮˽飬ڱãΪš
ңΪ˲ɣǼÿӦԣȻĲɷ޶ָʾһ꣬͢ĴŶˣ֣ᷢʱʶ˫ʥɵߵĸҲмְ֮أˣȻҪɥʧʱ޲ټ㣡
еǰȻأ𳤷粻ЦҡҡͷԭһУڱգ¶ʮ꣬ǲ
ة൱ã޽սһٽļƻҲʵʩɴЦʵƺȻ¡
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𳤷̧ۿһۣüͷһ㡭ڤȵɣҼǵڶô
ة࣬Ҳ¸㣬ʶңҲָʹߥ޵ġ֪ĪǺӵ̫ԱһԻϹ΢΢һ̣ʵΪƵؿ𳤷һۣЦУһεĸةҲˣˣ
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𳤷üͷһƣ̾´⣬öӵңϷְɡΪϷ֣ȻԼӣıλĶ÷µ˼湻ġνʳӣ¿ɱϻݶˣ
ߣ⻹ϼһ̫Եʣ޶Ѿ˶ɳȥˣ㻹϶֡㲻֣Ϊة࣬װ㣬ܽһɵһ򾡣ʵ֪ڼԼݶ߳
һö򹧾ϣŻʵ۲ġ
ǻȻʵ۽ӹ𳤷ȴֵ£ϳڴղգһ֪Ϣش󣬿ɷϳҲһ
Ʋһ٣ʵת׿һۣ۾һУЦߣݴΣ֪ʲôкιϵã쿴ݣ޺ةһ£ʲôϢţǶ´˰ɣ
ʵ۲Ц𳤷ȴǾ΢΢
֮ãȴ͵˫¶֮ɫ૳£ѽȮִ֮£ɢ䡣ȼݣ֮бĿǰѼ֮ˣ
ʲô
ʵһʱͬһֻӬ㣬ֱ죬ȴ˵һ仰
𳤷ˣǴЦһֳƿ죺׿СӣıƣɵƯ£οǰʯͷԼĽŰ
ʵۺݺݵصһۣҧĸֱ졣
׿СҽƾͼƣԴһ֣ʵд


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ʵƬ̺һѶУԲ쿴ã͵۾üͷ壬˼ôô죬̶ʱվ;ۼ˶ҵд
ǻһЦ⣬𳤷һ㣬ƿڣ£ˣҷչʱж̣Ȼ׿СʱڵĴսУߴҲٸ֡߼ڱɨд档ǳ棬ĸͲ˵ˣССҲӵô˲һλɡϾսǿпܱ¼ĴȰһڲļ֮ϳΪЩأǺǺǡ
𳤷ļЦ֮ʵɫˣݺݵصСӣû뵽ʹһ޷ȥŴս֮󣬼ʤˣҲضʵԷʰû뵽񾹳вЯΪСһ֣
ʵۼҧгݵؼ˺е𳤷ȴҡҡͷ̾£Ҷ˰ǶҪ׿Сӣˮ룬ϷʱҪɨͷϷ򱻱ƣڴ˴ɨЩȴȫСȫ̽˹ȥ
ǺǺǡһССӣתۼ仯Ϊ֮ˣ°Ŀɲһӣְ
סڣ
ʵ򶨣ʹ˫Ŀ죬״ŭӣ޲䣬Զ䣬ȿȿȡ
ݺݿ˼ʵͳһѪɫۡ
˫ͫ΢΢˶ʵѸٽװ뻳Уȥ̤ȥܿûӰĻȴ쳹ĵ֮У𳤷磬޺ú۾ˡʤߣһޡ׿Сħͷɣ
ǺǺǡϷҲ뿴⻨ɽ˭У΢΢˲𳤷񵭣Ц
ؿһۣЦһҲ׷ʵ۵Ӱȥ
Σٴαðˮεڵδδţ𳤷Ҳнɣӡ
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£δع飡
ȥ£˽Ȼû֪ôˣʵۺݺһӣֱ

ʱһһҴææ˽£һȮִԪ˧ذɽλҲڵţ
룡ʵۼе
һͷ˳ȥˡһ򣬹һȺ˽ΪȮֱԪ˧ذɽ
Ķذ磬Ůذ֪ǵĸˣҲæӭӣϵһ𣬰ȫԱۼʦĦҲڲࡣ
Ϸذɽݼ£ذɽ΢΢Ҳ
ʵһ֣ЦذԪ˧ˣԪ˧յü鴫Ȼ֮磬
ʵۿ䣬ֱ⣺Ԫ˧֪Ǳߵˣ
һ˶ϣĿ⿴ذɽŮذذҲһ
Ƕ֪ذɽսռһս˭ʤ˭սΣҲ֪
һ죬ذɽεؿһ֪˵Σ̾˿ȭ£Ϸְսѳɣս
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ʵһ󺧳¾ҲСˣ鷳ˡСеԽ󣬱ԽԶԸ˵ǡʱôûаأסЩ¾ʿҲð
̾һҡͷСӵֲǲ֪Ϸ֡ǿذԪ˧޴СӲ֪ʹʲôֽЩ޾ˣҴܣͳذԪ˧Сһء
ȿȿȡ
δ˵꣬ذɽͣصؿ˫Щûţ
ΪԪ˧ȻһС׻׽Ⱳ˰˵¶ˣ
ذҲǲ˼ؿǵĸף֮ɫѵսʤĸףҲСӴ
ذǹĵףû˺ɣ
ǺǺǡģСӾǳԿ˵㣬ûΪôţЦŰ˰֣ذɽο
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ǲȴŭĿһɣɱƿڴǼôԪ˧ģȻ˳ûٳԪ˧ֱǰܴ裡
аŭ߳ɱǿ˲һۣСֶι죬ʵǿʱ龳ң˵ǣڳһı䲻ʲôһ԰ûСӽ֣Ʋţ
˭˵û֣Һܱ֣ûСӣܱˣڴһ¶ж
ȿȿȣ
С˵©죬ܱæεһ
ˣ㿴ңҿ㣬ȫȻԭҶһС³Թƿ
һʱ䣬˶ɵõԴ̾
֮УǰĻ¬һ֮ܰ
龰ذɽüͷøʵ۵£׿Ǻηʥͨǰôû˵
ףѾ࣬Դĵ飬㻹Ͱɣ
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ң֮ʮָܽԼ£ΪáѶʮΣίΡˣΧ˶ҲǼȾ¡ѻǵˣ۶һµġƻƺбǣߣԱŰ裬ȴϸ糾ƶˣʵǸԶԸĽɫ
û֪䣬СѾв˿ʵҲͬص˵ͷ
ذɽȻףȻϷ֪СӲ򵥣û뵽ȴ˼֡ϷԸҪȶԸսϼһҪС΢У
ȻˣذԪ˧췢ٳǣ´ɣʵ۵ڴߴٵ
һ㶣ذɽô죬ϷŸ۶δ
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ʲô
һ̾׿жÿ찡
⣬Ϊȷ˴ս˳޽л͹ȥЭǡֻǣмȴɺѶԸʵ룬ü
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峿̤ųĳ¶ѹѹһƬƽһƫƧıСΧǹɱѪһظУʱɽֵգЩ
׼ԵҰޣҪѰʳСȻеһգַ׷ԼĶѨɪɪز¶ͷ
ȻǶûлһ˵Ұ޵УѾ֪ղ˳šˣڼһɣ
ӹֱ죬ɽҰȴûһֻҰ¶ͷȫżꤣڼͷ˯أ
ذңңһǰǳأתԵذɽ˧Ƿٳˡǻʱ䣬뾳ذδϣʿҹ̣㵽ˣ
ذɽҲ￴΢һԮǵʦأȥ쿴һ
ǣذɽһͷˡ
ܿ죬ʮӰշٳǵķȥǶ֣ʦؽ磬Ʋ˵ʽҲָˣ
һĹַ˻Ԫ˧ؽΧѾССʽദʽ٣в弶ȸ߼ʽҪ뾡Ƴ൱ѣ
Ҿ֪׿ƣϷڴ˾һսɳ̾һذɽҡͷ
ذˣ룬ܿͨһУɫҲ׿թսʱ˺͡ĴбδأҪľҪƸԵ˵սսپڣռ˵ƣȿս
ֹһЩҡҡͷذɽ̾Էʿ٣Ǳռ˴ơ׿޵ı£ǲò׵޴ͼǴʵֱ󷨸ǻһսȴ֮ѷʤ׿ǰԼǵƣСˡ˵һʼⳡս֣ǲǣű߶ѣ
²һݣذؿ˿ߵĳǳһۣȴ·ڿһͭǽڵĸҪ㣬֮ɫ׿£
ףǽô죡
ʦȥǵķӦоһذɽʮ˵ǰȥҪѸ٣

ʮ˽һ񣬱˴˶һۣɫһ˵վݷԪ˧ȻʦǴССٶʽвַµ󷨣ƽ⣬ҪƵ°
ͿǱˣɽȥذɽɫ£ᶨ
ʮٻ࿴˿϶һɫĿ֮ɫ
̸ܣУϹָӡô󷨣ǾƵƲ꣬˵;У˳׵ˣ
ߣȮսأʦôò֪󷨣ʦϰҲҪڻеġ
󷨣ʦȥģ
ʮи̲ѣû취ͷһͷҲһֻӲͷƤˣ
ݡ
һ⻮ʮλʦٳǰдʼƽǰ󷨣ȴǧʱɱǿ޴֮˰
˼󷨣֮˻᲻֪
ˣ
һβں͸б֮µ׿ͻȻһ㶣Ц
׿ܼңʲô𣿡ѿ׿ɵ
ҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񡣵ܿ죬һλӵܴҴææ˽׿ܼңʮͷӡ֪ڹĵЩʲôǵ󷨣
ǵȷ󣬺ˣȥɣûµģһվɣ׿˰֣
һ˳ȥȴǴ󼱣ݷɸ̲סѿڵѵ˵ذɽĴȻٳˣôɣǿʲôû׼أ
ٺٺ١Ҳôأ
аЦһ׿˿ҪǵͷһۣȥʮͷƵôˣ
һ㶣˶ԣô˼ڶɱˣСӻ˵
ܿ죬˾ȻˡСһװװعˣȻ˵׼ԼЩ˸Ϲżʲô
ǺҲܿ͵׿Ĳٳǳͷȥ
һĹ򣬼ͷȴǰʮͷڲͣ־ͨ죬лֵģ
̵ģ˭󷨣һʽбҪŪô𣿻Уַֽĸŵģôû
ǰԷһиʦȻ˾ܵ󷨣ۺַⲻ
٣󣡡
ʮͷһһ߷ɧ˰죬һʽû⿪ɼֱšʦʽⲻô
ݷɵڿпһУȻͷ׿Ŀ⣬޷
׿ܼҲȫܸ֣󷨲ģǼͷˣݷɴЦһ޵
Ҳһ̾΢΢ͷ
׿ȴǲÿɷЦЦڰֵȻȽϾͨûб°Ѷʽøʽǽⲻֻ˵ǲ䷨
˵ţ׿ºʽõ־ƽǶֱ֣Ԫƿˣ
ףѽôû뵽
вһʮ˱˴˶һۣǶͷȻ̧죬Ц⡣ǵҪúÿ˭ôģ֮
ǵǿ׿Цʱȴǵʱŵ겻꣬ǲǡ
׿׿׿׿ɱˣиͷгҲŵ˫ȷɷף
׿ˣȴνذڰֵûϵƣеʱ䣬ǺǺǡ
Цһ׿䵽˳¥ϣûһۡݷɵ죬Ҳ׷׸ȥ
ʮͷɻ󲻽⣬һۣ֪Ǻá
˿ʵλϻƣǡŸ𣿡
һ˶ͷȵɣôɣ߶Ǹɣʲôɲɣ
ԣȻ
ǰò߶飬ﲻɣ治ˣ˵߶׷ɱˡ
ɣ
ǺʮٴνӡǺܿ׿ѣԪӲưɡһӲ˼ʽ
һ棬ݷڳ¥Ͽ˿·龰ֿԵ׿ɵ׿ܼңʲô˼
ڵȣ
ʲô
ǵĸֳ֣аһЦ׿ĳذɽڻҷǿ֮㣬Ծʮͷ̽һҡɱǣ飻βܣȴпճǼ֮ӣ֮ʵ֮ʵ֮ԽΣԽԺԽԴѹ󡣿ʱ䲻ˣϵԽãƱԽж׵İ취Ըͻսپ
ݷȻԭڴս֮ǰ׿ܼȽиֶԾ
ҵҪʵ֪Сߵ£˺ηʥ󣡡˫ͫһ׿֮ɫ


483 
˧㿴׿ڸʲôǰʽȻվڳϿţ˵ЦģǷ
ذһָԶ¥λ̸׿¶ŹɫƺΪ⡣
ذɽüͷ壬Ҳͬ¶ɻ֮ɫԵУаգǹŪ飬ʱأΪ죬͸Σ治ôȣ
磬ΪȥλϣͻȻذɽ˫ͫһ
ذһеô죬λϲǵɱѸپҪ̫𣿡
٣ܲôˣذɽһ䣬ֱǰȥذˣæϡ
һĹ򣬶һ˧֮ǰ洫һΪЦǾѣССͣԦ֮൱˵á籾Ϊӣںúõ꣬պɾͱزڱ֮£ٺٺ١
߳Ϻ⣬ˣֻǼ˫ϣʵڲȥʱΪΪѵ
û˵꣬ǵȴٴ𣺡¹Сǰ;ذԪ˧ǾᷴԵģ
ذɽúҶ˫Ŀһ㣬ϲģǽϷŮ
ذҲһ˫ȭ̲סݺ߬Ǻܿ죬˱㽫ŭѹ£ʰһ飬˽ȥ
Ԫ˧
棬ѹڲ࣬ɫҲһ࣬ȴǸŭԡˣæݵ
֮ϣѿӣˣȫ̻¶飬Ϊ
һУǸͷɺڷĴ󺺣üͭ壬ؿλãһֻ𾦰쵻͡
ذɽӶ˹һݵϣ
Ϸֱϣһλ׺ӵߣ۾УһüĿ˫֮ͫвʱâ˼ˣȴһľ
ؿͬһֻһͷĶǣ
ǳϣذɽˣͬһݡ
󣬶˽Ŀ䵽Уһ˵ϡһ࣬ǹƲСӣʱգ˫ۣ֮⡣
ʱ˿ֻ̣ƣץذֲţʱĦ£¶Ϊܵݡ
˵ؿҲһֻһĿ׹Ķߣ
ذɽ˿һĻһƣ˫ȭҲ̲ס߬ҧҧ˵ķݵ߳ϣ
ǺǺǡذԪ˧ˣ߳ϱһЦ⣬ذɽȴûֵ˼Ŭ˳飬û鶯֡
컯֮£Ϸ˼ôԪ˧Ůڴذɽ
ƺûһУҲûй˼ɵ
һԵĹʦĦذɽ˫ȭ΢΢ƺȻҪƲסµɸæڣɽ֣λϣǷҪλϳˣ
ǣ
΢΢˶ذɽҧڣݺһȭλϣǰ·ƿʽҴٳУ
˴˶һۣ˽ǲмһЦ߳ϸںؼ˼ŮС֣ƵذԪ˧˵㣬˺ôҲǻ֣ǰӪǰ·Ƶ󷨵£ӦȥġֻΪӦܻͻȻðĸ֣˶ѣ
λҲͷǹŲмĻȣ
ߣװǻƣǰȥǵְѵϷ˼Ůǵְ
ذɽаޣȴǲҷֻǿš
龰׷ŭĿӣȫɱֹסй¶ۿҪ֡
λһǷ࣬ȫû˷ո֣ʮϰٸҲûֵĶ֡
Ħˣüͷ΢壬³һ󣬸æڵλϣ¹ŵǵʮ֮һؽ磬ڶ࣬ǣԦڵ档ΪǰʽƣذԪ˧ù£ʱ䣬üɵľ档λصڣҲýɡ
ʦ⻰в𣿡۾΢΢һУ߳
Ħˣæڰ֣װݵҲңֻΪλϵǰ;롣Ͼҹζ࣬ʱյˣĻڷʲôߵĻʱλ˱ȥȴֻܹ⡭Ϸʵڲ̰
²һݣ˱˴˶һۣɫͬʱݣ
գϻ΢΢˵ͷĦʦܴ˵Ҳ²˾ϣսپΪáߣǣߣȰʮ֮һؽŪ֣еʱ֣
˵ţϱ͵վȥǳϼˣæϡֲ߳һֺҲǰ̾һȥ
ֻǰǼΪؿһۣḡҪˣ
Ȼ˱ȫ˧ʣܿ첻ӰذɽȫࡣƿڴԦڳϣʲôޣ
˫ۣ΢΢ذ簵̾һ뻳У
Ħ̾ذɽǰļͷɽ֣ȥɣԵػԶ󡣻аҲһڲ࣡
ԵأߣȮִԪ˧ŮȻҵϷϷȴΪʲôȥԵأذɽŭ졣
Ħ飬Ҳһ̾ԦѰԮ˭֪ǻôͣǲбаͻǣˣദˡߣϷԲ֮µŮ
ɽ֣ϣʵǴѽϷȰ㣬¹󣬸Ͻת𴦰٣вٱ϶ˣ
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׿һǿĳʱ˳ǽ棬һƬ֮Уû˶
ǳ俴ţûȥ쿴ΪûҪֻЦűĵһϣҲϷŪϷˣֱ
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׿˿壬ɱԴؿȴͻȻɫĹ⻷Цʵҵ۾Ưϸ

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ǣڴʱ˶ΪͨȻ־ܣѷ쵹ʱͨ˫ȴȻ˵ĺâŭȳСүǳ룬ͱкѣ

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ʱ䣬ͨһɿɰĺͯΪһֻʮ֮ߵޡȻǺڰϲƣ˫ʥ˫ִʱȻֹסԿҪƲסˡ
̸ܣСӻǸﰡؿǾΣذŤˣÿһŤһڰ˲ɢʥֹסһ૳֮нǾ֮ɫ
ֹսеˣſеֻҲѾȫɵסˡ
ô뵽׿ӣݺ궼δֵĲͯͨʵݣһͷް


491 Ž
ʥ㻹Ÿʲôǿ춥סˣضʥ֧ţͷ󺹣ɫҧгݡ
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мЦһǰܺԵУû¶ôߣ
Ҳϼһһأףֻͨ˺ܶԸĽɫΪ˴룬Ըֵġ
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ʱ䣬Ӳӣøι̣ͨһһֻεŭ
ˣŽ磡
ʥʥʥаȡ
·ǰ壬̧һ¿еľ󣬲üͷȻҲΪͨ¶ȷǳһ㣬ͨˣҲԼˣԮǵǿ
ڹͨϼһʽסȴͬжǵ˫۰㣬ʱ㽫ս˴롣
ʱ˿̣ǻҪоͻȴ쳣ˣ
ǺѪӰǼˣϲɫû˹ͨôģֻʮĶ´ƣаյġ
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·ͫһֵܱ˴˶һۣҲŭĿǰȽгǣѪӰǣӹ
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ҲǿЦһ̾ҡԴϾʧ֮ɫ
һ棬׿׺Уʱһۣɵ׿ܼңЩһﻹû׷᲻ǣڷٳǴɱˣǿɾ˰
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׺׿ңңһݣмл׿ܼҼʱ֣̫ŵ
˭Լأϲعһ׿Цһνذ˰֡
ȻڴʱһŭȴǶȻأСӣϷվסϷҪƤԪ񣬶
˲һȥȴǶ˺һǺ׷ٶȼ죬ܿҪ׷
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׿̧ۿ˿·ΣͻȻͫһָһСɽȵϣｵ£˽Ӧǣ
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λ漴׷£䵽ǰһ⣬Ц⼸һֻһ龳ʣ¶աϡܣܵùˣ
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мƲƲ죬׿ʮ㣬һŰӣԷֶˣȻֻͻȻԼ˼ڴ˼棬ԼˣǸ
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ȵȵȵȡû߰ѻ˵꣬׿Ǽڰ֣סĻϻһаؿЦһΪǸ׺ͷӲʹԭҲ⡣Ȼ㶼ҵƤˣҪ𣿡

һͣ˲ˣһԻؿֿ˿ˡ
ողŸݻû뵽ǰìܰ
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˱˴˶һۣһÿɷ񣬽űȫŭ˫ͫݺݵ׿ķ
ҪСӹթ˵Ļô³һˣһˣ澡̶⵽˱ġ
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ŶϷ˵뿴ǼϹͷùˣǺǺǡЦһ˿壬׿СӣȳȥĪܵǣۣ
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Цһ׿͵һħ幦ٹ׹ƪԣһһ٣ûʱһ٣ѭΥ档п٣ʢ˥䡣ɿݵٲٵݰܣ
ͷΪΣγѭѭваܡΪܳʢ˥Ǹ٣ֻһ٣עһ˴ϣֻʢܡһɣû˥ʱǿöĸҲѵâǸԣҲԼΪšǸ˵ģΪֻͷã೤ϣ
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ˣȫʧЦҡͷ׿Цѩ㣬Ҳ̫Сٹˡֹ˭˵ģлݵľģӳ˲СڣȻֻһ٣ÿ˵ٶڹáɱﵣҲЩ֮Уһʹ˷ʤ൱
һ㶣ٿ׿ȴǲ˵ˣֻЦָȥҲóûʶһ⻯ֵʵ


493 ǿʵ
ϣȻǾøʢҲǳصģҪôǰǱƼˣǿʲô¶ĳ
ǰǰ˷Լµģ
ϻһۣͷ亹ֱðŷݻϣܰѶԷˡˣҲ׷׳ڰġ
ǣͷȴһ·ѹû˵ĻƵġˣҲǷƨˡ
ã೤ϲЦǺǺǡԵеĹҧҧĹСϷλ룬Ƿ˲ٰ
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ѩЦһסڣ׿׿ܼңͷǸеһȣͶ
ȻΨһµپֻͷΪ೤ϡͲţǺǺǡ׿Цһÿɷ
ǻˣȴȻճ鴤ɷˡ
νʿɱ裬೤ϹȻϷŰˣǶپ޴档ôҶǻߣ˲ӣʵ̫ˣ
Ǻһ𣬻ȫ͵رŰһֻ𾦰쵻ӰΧࡣ
ʱ䣬ܲХνХɽ֣˭˿ɵ
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ҲҪֵܴ꣬ʱպܳôʧǣɢҲӰȴʧ
Ͼԣȴ˿ûҪֵ˼ֲ뿪ôǡ
ҪͻΧҲй˼ɣֲҳֻˣȴҲǶԭأ֪ζ
ڣܲصĶӷΧһ𣬱͵ذշȥҪȿڡ
߼ˣҲ׷׸ϡ
ӸնϵҲŶˡӦ˵ֻһ϶ˣ೤ϣɿԭأƺʲôҲûƵġ
ݣ
ֻһͿɿϵĿڳϣأȻӴܵķ򣬵ǰ
ͫ΢΢һ߼ֻһˣȻη޵ףҲʮǿĴʱϾԷֻһ˶ѡ
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ǹɻصƣˣҲƤһ´󾪡
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ǿڳϣһصɫƽ糣޻Ҫ嵽ǰʱῪڣһڳ˶ĤƵľ޺


ײһܹĳƵģǰӿ޻꣬ʱ㱻˻
Ƕ³һѪԴѣʱʧǵǰڶ壬ʹ𡣱õӣͨ͸
Ȼһɢ
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췢쳣Ǳ䵽ϣɫ˲ή˲١ǿڳٴλصԭȵλãɫƽƺոʲôҲûһ㡣
˿һУȴȻɵˡ֣Ȼһˣ˵ʵǿֵز
ͬǻ龳ٴҲܲ˾޴ĳ̶ȰɡֱվУͨǿߵĲ࣬Եƣ
ת׿һۣ׿ƺ˼Цô羪ȣͷɻûءոտڳϣһɤӶѣ
ʲôһ뿴׿ŵ
⻹ǳжֲ
Цһ׿͵վͬꡣ̵ģҲꡣûм֮ǰոտڳϵһ𣬲ٹ£ֵһͨˣħ꣡
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Ȼͷλ棬Ǻܿɻ׿ܼң˵ϣʲô˼
ǺǺǡħڵĴ󹩷λ磬еӶĤݣʸϣаȨ࣬ȻרŵĻϡǿԽŹģΪ󹩷ֻӳ֮λǵʵȴںܶ๩֮ϣ
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೤Ƶᣬ˿ûͻĻҡ֮ġ
ͻˣɫ΢΢һҧħţ治ҪѾôǿˣһϣֺ˻·
ҪŵĻѾߺƽˣ
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ͺһų߾޺۸һСһƾܸ㶨£Ҫᵶལʮ˰һһ⺢һ飬Űɱ
˴˶һۣ˶޳ˡ
ǿȴǲЩȻʼᶯӡ΢̣ĥֻ׼
׿˼ˣȴ۾һһϷӡϵĿٴͬѰƽʱأһʶĴûᰡ
ǣֵĶʵܿΪĻǽһµĸߵĲΡ


494 ̬
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һεĿռ䲨ɢ˵Ȼӯӯ̹⣬ңӦɽȷ·Ҳʵ̹һ㣬γһεĽ硣
˿ͷ󺹣˫ȭ̲סغݺ߬
ڣͫһһ󷢺ݣƺʲôİ㣬ŭһһ̤㶸ȻͷϷȥҪƴһѣ
ǣɳ׸߶ȣݵһһɫĹȴȻӴؼܳһ㣬ؽӾٲϿշֺ
̲ͫסһͻƺϵ˾֣ף²ݺһҧһŭȫƱ㶸Ȼų
һ̣һһֻ𾦰쵻Ȼڴܳ绢㣬ֱʣ
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ͻ²ߣҲǰ֪һڹԼˣͷѿ֮ƣ֮ϵ
èһҲٲˡ
֪ͻ֪еĶ϶Ƿ˷ǶԷﴫҲ
ԣǰϮ֮ﻹЧ
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Ǻһһֻ۰Ͱ͵죬ֻͻƿգϾҪɽȣػɣȴֻһƬԹ
ȻڴʱݡһɫȻɽֻֻ֮ͻ˲ͽ廨
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೤ȻڲԣҲ΢΢ͷȴɾʯϣţһӡ
߶˼ˣɫءͻϮ֮ƶʧˣҪͻȥǸѣ
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ʱһεĲɽȶȻâʢųǧ̵Ȼ˷ܳ·һС߰㣬Ѹٲ˶ˡ
߶ҪȴǰöûС
ԪͷҪЩˣЩ͵زǣɫө⣬ԵùΣա
һ̣ͻһŭ¶ʹ֮ɫԭǿҲֻϻ꣬ڲϱȻڴɢ
ЩâȴԽԽʢ
ͬʱֻҲ³û޷ˣڱţһؼȴٿƲˡ
ǳϣӿֲȫ£ڲϵήݰܣֱһ߸ʬ꣬ǱЩǿ˳ͬڲɢ
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λϣ飬һɣպҲҵڵˣ
ǰԹ޳𣬻ϴ󷢴ȱŹǣĪҪɢꡣ£û

˵쳹ɽȣַǳȴɾƺʲô¶ûһ㣬Ųʡ
˼ˣ󾪡ȻޱضǶ֣û뵽˫ྐྵȻ⡣
ϸû֣һͷͽ˱أ⻹ͬһΪȼֵĲ붯һָͷҲð
˾ﲻѣ׺ɻָЩ׿ܼңЩʲôôҲͨ𣿡
꣡ҡҡͷ׿
Ǵһ˲Ǵ󾪣ꣿ
û龳꣬죬̬ޣǻ̬ǰĹйءһΪͻʱħɷԵʡ
Цһ׿͵ϣǿٹǺʽǵ̬׼ȷ˵˺Χɽͷųâ磬硣˵ֻҪУǱƿһһݣһһ٣ƹŵ˵Ŀʢ˥֮࣬
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ѩתת飬ͻȻ׿ܼң㿴Һϼһ꣬ӦǸʲôӣ
һ׿²ѩͳϳˮ𹦷ۺӦˮ֮Σ̬֮
ֻ޻Σѩ۾һ
ҡҡͷ׿ˮ̬֮޸ϵ꣬Ҳ̫˵⻹Ҫʵԡ޻깻ǿҲǿԳġԼǻ龳У̬ҲǸףҪΪʵ
Ȼͷˡ
ʱֻѾֹͣľУ쳣ήûˡٹʱգҪɢ֮䡣
ϼĥòˣ೤ϱóһ«ƿһУЩһ˦޻ӽ«
°ѸӸϣ೤־ؽ«ӯӯâٴʧҲӰСɽٴλصƽ֮С
׿һˣɽ֮ڣϹһݣɻλֻ࣬ǲֻֻ֪һˣΪǻҪһֻɱأ
ǺǺǡСҪԣŴ¡ɱףºôһ飬ҪϷ˻֮󣬵þ΢΢ף೤ϵ
׿Ȼ΢΢˵ͷаⷢӣȥԦ鷳ˡ֮õٺôȻ˵Ļ˴λǰ󣬾ңҰأ
۾һ೤ؿ׿һۣϻ࿴΢΢˵ͷ󣬲ЦСϻ۹ˣѹֵϲ㡣պţҪһЩѳˣĪ
лѣģ׿һݣ
صͷСµĻǱҪʹ˻ˡ
ŶԻᴦ˴λǰм
׿ٴһϵЦףűһ̤ת˲Ӱ
˶ʧңң뿪ķ૳λǰƷħ˰
ħҲǧٹ֣ȫ񡣺ܶ߶ֻУԼ·бۣűħġλһ޳ֿٹ˱˴֮⣬˽ȻûôǸĻħеʥˣ
׿˽һſٳǵķؾһ𣬴ȳھ͵ȴӮⳡ̣һоͶ󹦸ˡ


495 ͵Ӫ
սϣ´ʣľǿĻȮֵϰΧסƴֿ
ѪӰЦһ·ˣȵĻҾҲսӢҾսɳֻҪǿͶ˳ѪӰǱ֤ҼԪ˧һǵϱԴ
Σǿ¾Ļ죬ͶȮģ·ŭһȵ
мƲƲ죬Ǵȣ·磬ǶѾԼĻʵˣôִָʲôԪ˧ϧ˲ţĻЩ¾ͶǣպսɱУҵǰ;αһ·ߵأʵĹΣֵΪݻ𣿡
ȮȻʵۺǶڻʵΪҲ쳣мġԶ¾ս꣬ǳ͡
ԣܹǽǵ£ȮִҪ£֧
ϧ¾֮Գ겻ܣһҪأľ㣬Ԫ˧⵽ʵݺͶѹȴζġ
ǣѪӰǣǲٶѴˡǶ´ؼұ塣ǱգĽɽ·оտտȳ
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һУͷһ֧ö鰡ϧˡ
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˴˶һۣҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫȻǴ˴սյʱпܶ˸׼
Ŵ˾ͫ΢ƺЩ̡ϾǶ϶֣ϧǾо˵ְΪˣսǾ顣
֣ǣ
˦֣ȳĻЦһҲ˱л׼
ȻʱԶ֮УȴǴ쳹صĺɱ밧
ʱ䣬죬ֱʣ
Ӳһȥȴ̲סͫ͵һгԪ˧ʣϮӪ
Сжˣоһ·粻ɴЦ
ǵ˼뾪ƺϮԪ˧ӪˣǣǶ¾Ѿڴˣֻܹͻ
ٺٺ١û뵽ɣǻһ֧ǵܣ廢ķɻǲǰǣڴ˵նˡҼԪ˧ϵǻսپȫΪǴڴˣȻɳСȥͻϮ˧ʣ
·ЦȴǼŭ˫Ŀͨ졣
ڣ붯о˧ʿ飬͵Ϯ˭ȥԪ˧ء
һ棬ƺһȺղսɵķɻһ·ǰɱһ·𻨴磬ͣһ̵ġ
Ϊ˵ʵǳ̬ƺҪָγսֻҪһֱǰ壬ԷйϿ˰㣬ɱһƬ
ɱˣɱ
ƺһЦ˵ף׿Ҫ˴սǸôһ֧̬飬û⣬ȴ޳ɾ͸а
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ȮִԪ˧ذɽķЩսȥҲɽɾʲôָӣǻȺֱɱˡ
ף׿ڿڱߵһʮʲô˼
פǶɾˣԪ˧ӪһȥһλվƵսƺǰһݣʾ
Цһƺ૵ǵȥץˣҸ𣿡
׿ܼҵ˼ֻȥѵзԪ˧£ս׹õ̤ʵķڷ˵һ
׿ˣͣõеĿʧЦҡҡͷƺ̤ǰذɽ֮ǰʮսغ򣬲˳ûӳ
ƺȻԵõ˽ȥȴһλ֮ˣԪ˧ۣ֮ϣûһ˿£ݡ
ֹ̧ر˱ȭƺһ£常˼Ԫ˧һУһȻ鴫䲻оӪѱ£ˣ߰ɣ
ëͷСӣҿڳԣȮִ׽Ԫ˧㻹һأɴЦһų
üͷһ壬ƺضǸӰ૲²⣺㡭ذɽ
Ȼ
͵תֻǸԪ˧ս۵˶ѣЦԪ˧֪ǱΨһʤֻ͵ӪһУƲأмˣ
ķֵоǱΧˣʱͻȻһˣ
ƺ΢΢ͷҲż̾汻׿˵ˣһĳɹʣֻһɲ⻹ϼһıֵܳĽõڶˣλǱôɣǺǺǡ
ô㲢𣿡ǼԪ˧ˣһ㶡
Цһƺÿɷ񣺡ʲôһʼǶذɽʮֵģʲô붼ԤϹˡΣֻҪֻɻڣһ֪λãַӵ¶ѣǺǺǡ
һЦƺת뿪ǼԪ˧㶵վгôˣɱҶ߳ŭҿ׼ˣ
һСබѣʲôɱģ׿˵㡭ҵ·˵ν
ƺ뿪˧ʣЦȴش˵Ķ
˲Ƭ̺һص˵ͷ૳֮磡
ƺ֣ӪȥʱһЦͻȻ𣬶ͻȻǰʮɱ
Сӣ͵Ӫôһ֮㵱ʲôطˣվڴ֮ǰһǿֹסƺѹȥ
ƺԵսȴ
ƺۿаЦﻹʲôطоӪѲɻʤأһ𣿡
ߺߺߡǲСӣͷ컬࣬׿һģһһЦָָ˵Ϸʮ𣬷ַ㣬Ųţ
мƲƲ죬ƺָָͬķɻ㣬ǲţ
һ㶣ɻ׿µˣһţ
ɨһ۶ԷЦ֪Сǲʮ˶ѣʮϵĴϣУӲʲôȰ㣬ǿͶʡսС
У֪çս֮Уսɲһȣ
ϻӵȻ֪ǿţĪڶ´ľЩˣҲȲӵʮȮ־ƺôִ֣ɵðȻ
ƺȴһףЦҡҡԴнϷŰ֮ɫ㡭ɾͼʶǳˡ


496 ս
ʲôʵ࣡ƺоһȳ
ЩսһͷŽϰµսȻǳ裬ʤǵӺãÿһ˶Ǿеľеĸ֡
ʱ䣬һƶȻһʮѹȥֱƵϢһͣˡ
Ȼһ˼ǰȥ˲ðһ亹졣
⡭⡭⾿ֻ飬˱̬ʮڶѣǿƣѹʮ
սֱɿʦˣ
ãһ֮£Ǿֹסһ겻꣬ǲǣ
ֻ֧սͷΪ׵ȫǿߣǧϣ֮ǿߣҲˣȫǶ͹Ǹ֣Ҳﵽ֮ڣ
˵һγɣֱñ̬ݣǿҰ
һУ͹ǾѾǾУǾǽˣʮϡ٣վǼֱսһĴڣд󽫣
ǰĻ
һĽʿ಻ѣ
Ծӵƴʵս֮£һν˶
Ǵʱ˿̣ͻȻܳһ֧վ־ռһʮ˶飬ȴþɳѪԵĶ˳
磬㲻ڶҰɣôľӣʵˣ˭ȥˡ
ĸ֣ҲˣҲΪˣھбġ
֧飬ȴʵ̫ˣ
ǲɵӣƺ˵ˣƺһЦ˰ɣҼ׿Ԫ˧ķɻָӣôаɣ
׿׿ı
ǲһ񣬲ɶ˶Ƥ޳ˣ׿Լ̬ҲˣıҲô̬治֪ô쵽ģ̻ô򰡣
һ³ͻȻȳ
䣬һ̤ţˣ
ЩȮֽʿ㶣ԴЩԺǿǴδλ׺ݲбĲ˾ģ
ǷӦ󣬲ŸæתΣҪܡ˵ȷƴ󣬲Ȼδ֣Ķӵľٶ
ȮִսϿǰδеİʵ̫趪ˡ
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ǣ
һȭжֹ
ʱ䣬ޣƺϱ׷ȮֵĶսӣƾԶʮʵһ·ѹҺ
أɱڶֻ֮䣬Ȼʧϣɼɻ׷ɱ֮ǿ˾
ҲһЩܣָ֧ӣβսԪء
ˣսҲ൱˾ġ
һ棬ӣȴǵݼƿ죬ոǰΧס˫һһȣ
ͫ΢΢һһϸֳ֮ɫ
벻Щո֣ڶ࣬ÿһħôܹܵùǣ
׿ʾ˷֧飬ǮҳġȻһװأ
һҲܲˣ
죬̾Ŀ룬Ҫ
Ϊ˧Χ·ץǰ͵ӪСǼټ򵥲ɲ¡˭֪ûСȴһֻϻ
ڣҪԵͷʣˡ֪ˣͲ񣬻߸˻ˡ
ˣҲûа취ֻƴһˣ
Ǻһŭ𣬲ȫƴţ˫Ŀͨɨ˵ҲȮְ֮һ˺ޣȮֵһʿ֮ơĸģ
࿴˿˲ȫЦǱĵؿ
Ƕ׿ƵսԪǵ⣬ϴﵽ⣬ϵ£ƶɡգ˺
Ǻݵһһսȳȥͫһɣϣ̧־ͽ˸ץסˣȻ߾ͷ˫ۺݺһ

ͷѵţһЦƺıóѡνɱӺһ˿˱ɸɵ㼺ڶ࣬Ҳη֮ģ˭֪һǲԼ
ǺٶҲܹûͻΧ
Ǻܿ죬Цݱ㽩ϣеλҲ˲ˡ
žһ˫ۻشȫʹʹ顣ԭոͷѵ˺Ѷ£ԼԼ˫۵Ĺͷˡ
һֵؿǸµӰ̲סʵ磬Ҳ֣
Ҵδ壬⸱֮Ҳ׿ܼҸҵģˣһ˺κһ˵ģ˵һЦ¶Цݡ
ǲȴȻȫɵסˣɨڳһÿһۣңȫġ
ȮֵһʿȻŵһ֮˵ֹЩ
뵽޳ˣһίؿˣ૳ҡǹôһĶô
󣬲ЦԵ㳢۸˵ζˣǿߵĸо
ţ˽һĲΪʽΪ˷²
ͬһʱ䣬ս֮Уܱ˿оʵλã֣ԶĺɱǼԴˮ
ĻǴЦһʤȯյӣ
ǣｻǣȥԮԪ˧ܱ˼ǰΣͻȻ
΢һͷҪ֣ȴǴ˶·粻мؼЦѾˣٶٿ죬˧ʱСȻ֣ǵذԪ˧ѾǵĽȥҲеѣⳡս£Ӯˣ
ߺߺߣǿδذɣ
Ȼ䣬һϤȴǶȻһأȻתȥеǡԪ˧
ȺɢӲԶʻһɱȻĶ飬ȴɱһӡߣһŸˣժͷ¶ݣȴȮֱԪ˧ذɽɡ
ߣŵĻذһ
ذɽȻͫ΢΢һ·羪г
Цŵ˵ͷذɽһԵãϷоһ׿Ϊ磬ΪթıƣΨһʤǵͻֱϷ뿪˧Ӫ·󡣽ϷϣƺϮӪˣ
·Ƥ΢û˵ĻҲǳĬԡ
ܱЩ⣬ɱǱЦһ͵ʵһʼǻӣԪ˧Сһֱһ𣬹ӵ·Ԫ˧ע⡣ǶʵǼٵģ˧ǰ壬ȵˡһеһУԪ˧֮ڡһս·ٳǣ֮ѣ
ԣ˲ŻȻ򣬿ذɽķǾ֮ɫ
Ȼڴʱݵһ̶һƿбһĻ𻨣ӳսĿá


497 ʤ
üͷ̲סһذɽƿյŻ⣬˳Ƶͷ·һףǸʲôѵз𣿡
ǺǺǡǾãķ
ǡоһذɽŶ·۾š
ǲһصĻȣ·һۣ뷢ЦذɽмˡΣҲܲˣ
üͷ̲סһذɽ˫΢Уʲô˼ˡϷ⣡
ߺߺߡذɽʵ˵ĲǱϡ٣ܸȫ濪սΨһʤоȫ࣬ΪҪԪ˧Ϊһͳ˧ܳ£һʼҼ׿Ԫ˧϶ʶȥ֮ڣһЦ·
üͷ΢΢ذɽɻȻˣΪλҪ͵ϮϷӪʣ֮٣
Ϊ߳
ԵõĹâ·ЦҼԪ˧˵Ӹλ߶ɪɪǰɪԲͻ·Ԫ˧ӪС͵ϮоʣʵնҪãеļƲ߶ƽˣɪһ
ղһ죬ذɽɸɿһ
ܹѶԷĹȫƽ⣬ڽ˧˵ȷϲ֮£ҫһҲ֮Сڱ˵ǵɪҲЩΡ
Ϸɲǵɪˣֻżһ£Ҳ
ɿһذɽƽ飬ʵôк壬ΪڿϷһ𣿡
Ȼǣֻһλþȫ¶˰۾΢΢һУ·粻Ц
䲻ذɽһеǷݲԽԽǿ
ɱԣȴǲмƲƲ죬Ц֪Ԫ˧λΣѵǻԵ
ȻǣѾ˵ˣѾޱɵ
Цҡҡͷ·ȴ֮ɫҼС֪λãһɱʱ͵²ɡ
С壿ߺߺߡȥ͵ӪǸ˰ɡüͷһɱǲмƲƲ죬ЦǲǼԲ̫ãոԪ˧Ѿ˵˷Ѿȥ޻ˡͻΧһ·̣ȵԪ˧Ѿٴתơңǻڲ࣬ΪõԪ˧½𣿡
ؿһۣ·ȴ¶صЦݣɱǣҸģСܿᵽѾȫߣҲ֣
ôܣֻһսǲǼ˹أߺߺߡмƲƲ죬ɱЦ
ڴʱһȴǶȻߴ쿴ʲô
ˣǷһȻЦݣ·λֵܻ࿴˿볤һߡ
ɱǵҲһŲָķȥȴ䲻ͫݺһ˲סˡ
ֻңԶռʣԪ˧оʵķ򣬺ѹѹɹһƬӰһʼΪǷ񣬵ٵǰǲŷ֣ˣǳųࡣ
Ǹɱڣӿǰӵģƺɣ
⡭ʲôذɽˣҲ˵ɵʵ
Цһ·粻ߴͽ̣ҼԪ˧һ֧ʮɻҼ죡
ʲôɡɻܷɰͲЩɬذɽȻԸӡ
սɳһδֻӣԷݵصġϴζսӷһأҲ鼱֮£óط֮ߵģԾ˺ܴ󡣷򲻵ѣʹá
ֻӣ˳ųȴķ
һӣɾɣΪ͹Ǿֻ֣ոֲСһ죬սӡ֧鲻һһɣʣµĶ͹ǸҲһսʮ֮ɵذԪ˧λñ¶ҪӣֻɨȮһۣЦ
һ̲סڵʲôռ˵𣿡
ذɽҲѾȫסˣаġ
ذɽôܹ뵽׿ôһ֧Ը
Ȼ֪׿¹죬Ҳ̫֮ˣѹͲܸɳ°
ذɽȻսɳʮ꣬ĶҲν׿˵ˣȴǵһзģԺҲˡ
Ѿģˣ
ذɽ־ܰɣʱƺŷɻȻǰǿݣѹ˶Ϣһ͡
ǲ󾪣æǰֵԪ˧ɱսӣҵ
ǣ
һŭųȥ
ƺ˿壬ϴȳսӽɣ壡
ʱ䣬쵶ն£һ죬ֻǺݺݵײһ
ৣ
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ƺһǰǰ棬һû£
̲ͫסһºȻɱǰǿս˼һ֮Уǻ˼Ҷ֣
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ǺǡǺѪӰǵҲʱϡ֧սӵĺɽɻȥƺսԪϵػ֮УҲеһۡ
ɢ
۾΢΢һУƺ֪֣ӲӲ㵱ϣһ֣ɻʱɢ
ĳʱ˸գ
ۣ
Ȼܿ죬һȣƺɵ˲佫ɻһǺ
һ£ɰ˵
Ҫ֪ǵսӿڵϳ棬һ¶ѡսһγɣѱҪʱ׼
ƺķɻȴʮǼᣬɢɾۣ˲Ϣ䡣
һƺͻȻӺ͵ϮȴǶʱ
ৣ
һ㻮ɻʱսնɱʮǵս׷Ѫɶûս֮
󣬷ɻ䵽ذɽǰǲʵݣƺЦһ𳤽ĺͷذԪ˧ˣͶɣ
˿ذɽ³ҡҡͷ̧֣ȳȫͣսȮ־ˣ
ذɽ˵˻ʱɤ쳣ɬº󣬷·þȫ㣬̱
һսδܼһΰܣҰܵҡ
ذæߣ˫۴ᡣԶ·˧еذ磬ңңһУҲ˫ȭ̲ס߬̾һε̱
벻ǰһ˳ųֵһɲǣݿذˡ
˳˵׿ƳııװǺǺǡ
ذЦа̾


498 
ٳ⣬ȮִһʱİɱȻʣ޼ˡ
ȻЩյˣ֮Ϊˣս֮ϣȴһӲʵΪս˼Ȯ־ʿ˲ɱ
˵Щ˲Ƕ͹ǾǾսϣͨΪ±ӡ
׿ҲûбʲôϣֻǵڻңסȮ־㲻ƷٳǾͺáʤĹؼĻĶ¾ƺķɻϣ
ڣЩڻңҲȻƴˡٳǵĴţۿҪȮִơ
λڳ¥Ͽýʱ׿ȥķһΣ׿ܼôۿͿزסˣ
ȻʱȮִԪ˧Ͷսÿһ䣬˻ߣ
սľʿǵʱȫסˣЩȮֽʿǣǵٶǴư֮ǾƳʤˡ
ǾʱԪ˧ȴͶò˲ģشԭء
ʱЩڻұǼ֣һСˡ͸ܽ¼Ĵȣ߸
ѽѽ̫ˣ
Ǻһ쳹սÿһ䣬Ȯ־ʿǿսܣ磻Щڻұϲػ
Ǳͻ¥ЩǳһϲЦտⳡսʤˡ
ңۼǼֱţƾбܽƾȻʤǸսսȮսذɽ򾫱
ֱһ׿ܼˣȻܴ漣
ʥ·ıϲɵüͷ壬ôҲû뵽ذɽ˧ȻĻܡ
׿ôսûϹ˧
ʥô죬ǻûСдӡʥüͷ壬˿ڲϷĹͨ̾˿
Ҳ֮ɫгɲһǵŽУǿҲýƣˡСȻôֱˣ
ϻҲĹۺúÿ⸱ģˣ𣿡ʥһŭݺݵص˹һۡ
вЩŭҪȾʹ˰ɣԺлᣬСˣȻĻڽӡֲЩ˶Ȼճ֣Ǵʱ͵ϮǣǿǾͱ˰ϼһﲻ֪ȥˣսôʱ䣬ûȻԸǻһ¡
ԣضʥ˴˶һۣҲ׷׵ͷ
Ǻãȳȥ磬뿪º취ԸСʥ˶һۣ
˷׷׵ͷӦǣڴʱ֪ͨȴظˣŭ˵Сүѳһһһǣ
²һݣ˲ʧɫʥһĵܳ󣬲ȻһСһ·׷ɱǣǿǺã
Ȼ䣬ڹͨڰĽɫâһʧˡ
ʱ˲٣ͨһʱžžžģЩڰһıɢȴǺס޵ˡ
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ʥʲôضʥӴܵıӰŭг
׿һۣһЦǴˣ˱ȻСһŲ˭ҲɡͦһϷһˣ
˶ҳǣضʥҧҧ
ˣŭϲЦһ˳һΣܹƽ
˵ţͷҲصԶˣֻضʥƵ֧󷨡ǳҲԣҲԡ
ǳ˵ĻͨϻɣǻǷַӽǵ𣿹⿴ͷ֪ˡ
ǲĻۿǺڰڵͨػҲǳ¡ңͨûһϣǰæҲûа취Ӧ
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˵󷨣ϾĻһ尾ҶȴϾǿ֮ɫ޷Ž⡣
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ǾʱһЦȴ󷢳˵λҼǵǰǸةģԭǻʵ۵˰Ļ湻Ǹģѹ𳤷ܵôң
ȻһתȴǵʱŵɫҰףе׿׿׿㡭ûЩֽ
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ͨһŤž޴ӣһߴȳϵã˵ɱˣҺۣ
Źͨ˻֣һĵƣ׿ضʥһЦλһͣ۸Ҷǰɣûдǰɣ׿Ĵǰɡ
׿һһʣضʥ޳ˡ
⸸Ӷˣһ۸ģ۸ǲŶԣУĴɱԼˣ
˼׿Ѿκβ˹ͨʲô֪Ѱܣ̾˿ǳ׾ˡ
˴˶һۣƺղͬʱ֡
ͨҲʱõ˽ţɴЦµĶˣʱһ˫̧ͫűȣŭҰүү
ǣȴûһ˿ɫȻƺʲôˣһѰһ㣡
ȵȣ
Ȼڹ֮ͨʣ׿ȴͻȻڡ
֨һͨ㵱ͣ£һ㶣׿ôˣϵ
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ոոǳʲôʥһæʳ
Цһ׿ÿɷ񣺡ö
䣬׿أһ˱϶پһ󷭹ʹ˫Ŀѣ̲סڵϣһƬ
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о뿪Ҳûʲôˣ
ң׿һʼʹȼݵͷһҾĹٲȻ˵ڳ֡
֪ǽȮִǸʵһġ׿⻤ȴ뽫Ŀǰʵۣεľۣ
һ棬ƴʳǷȥҪΣʵۡ
ǺȻһ޺𷢳һڵľȴǶȻǰһǾһſڽû˲ʧϢ
һתصߣڡ
ǻ龳ꣿȻ׺һԿ̾Ľǰǹǳ˲ٿͷ벻㾹ȻһоͽɱˡΪȼϵĲడ
һЦҲ΢΢ͷһ׿ܼҽǵǳˡһУҲˡ͸ȥǻʵ϶ˡ


499 ɱ
۶ʳ֮ڣһȺȺææµµŵƽʣƺʲô·ȴֲôΪֻڻʳǣǽ壬һƬ
ҹ£ʳڵƻԻͣͨĴʹ֮ϣֻĸӰ
λõģȻǵʵɡֱλãֱ̫λãԺ
㣬ֻļˣϼһڴˣԱн̷̣ˣ
̧ɨԼŮһۣĵۻʣе¶֮ܰɫЦ֮ٳһδȣ˵˲٣Ҳֵ徲һˣҲܾûúþ۹һˣ
Ϊ²ͣϾܹ֣ͬлҳʵǶ֮Ҳ̫ӻվ𣬹һ񣬰ݷ
Ҳæϣңң¡ֻƺлŭһŤͷȥ
Цҡҡͷʵۿ̫ӵ̫ӣ֪ѭ浸أֻһڴˣЩظ֮˰ɣ
ǣ񸸻ּ⣡̫ٴһݣаۡèŰ¡
ʵۼˣҡҡͷ̾˿ǵۻʵȨȴҲǵۻʵıԼԼսս˿Խ׳һ
֮£ѾͷöˣʵҲֻǰܸеԼһףúԼȨ
ˣʵ۲˳Ѿͷһ㹩ţѾͷ軵ˣײҲν
ǻһοĻȣʵۿЦ㻹ڹָⶼ˰ɣ
ߣ뾳кգڣѵûд𣿡һ죬ŭ߳
ʵؿѾͷȴûֻǵ޲Ⱦۻ࣬Щ飬Ҳֻ̫͡ףôΪǣΪļδȿȿȡ
ʵ۲ͣؿ˼һת͵һۣҧҧסûоԭԼĸʡ
ƺ룬ʵѾͷԼ¶οЦݡ
ţת˿ǰտҲͥԺָص̫ӣ϶ǵϴ޴֮ʱ䳯ݣǺε֣Ϊνգ壿
һ㶣û֨ⲻڵôʱڵַս𣬻ôˣ
Ȼǻʵʣһ⣡
ʣΪڶȮַ²ǻһŵЦݣ̫ӹǴʱ磬ȺǾŸˣǸȮһֻһСһ£ȻЩίʣҲǸʹȫ֣˼֮ܵ
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üͷ΢΢һ̫Ӳһݣһ³ȥ
ʵ۴Ϊ佱ɡ˼ܣǸ֮к
·ģǺǡֻūŲŰ·ģӶǷģʴԷǡ
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̫һֱͷɫȴÿ£
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Ƥ΢΢˶̫ǿѹеĲصԼλ
ʱʵ翪ʼͥ۲һ㣬ڣֻһֱԴãȴǲôʡ
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ȿȿȣ
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΢΢˵ͷʵһ㣬ҩһꡣǸովЩתʱȴ͵ͫһɣ̲ס³һڰɫѪˮǵʱܵϡ
ҩжʵҧҧɬ
һæǰ쿴Ҳһ󺧣Ҳ˲ǰıŤʵߣǺɫѪȻӨӨʣôˣҩôжأ
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̫ȻԵõվӣ˵ϲڵĳ¶˵Цݡ
ԭ㣡ʵƤ΢ƺ⣬
µ̫ҲϣаЦſԼĸף̹ȻͷûǱ̫ӣǱ͵͵ÿձҩƷٻɢһж˿ɽ⣡
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мЦһ̫Ȼ˵ûȷ̫ˣЩ֪Ϊ
Ҫ֪ҵʲôɣɳ߱ɱоҧҧŭ
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̫Ӳмؿû˵ȴתָȻģɷĻʵۣʵôû£
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üͷһ̫ӲЦҲûϵˣҾԽͰɡʵΪ̫Ӽȴûɽҵϡңĵƶѣ
̫˦һָӣŭȳӲһ˶̲ס˶ȴû˵סˡ
ʵƽϣֻǵ
ʣ̫֮λ֪⼵֮λô̫֮λң˵עתҵϣܹ˳õ
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ǣʵʼû˵һ仰ֻôƽؿ̫ӣһ


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̫ӣ಻ţ޶˵ֱһ̣޶ûз㣡ãʵڳ
̫ȴʲôЦЦ㣬״ҡҡͷЦûзңֱڻƭʵϴ֮ʣȻ˴λѡ
ѱ͸϶⣬˵úⰲ֣ҵ̫ƽүλʵۿⰲֵģǸλô꣬кʱⰲˣ;̫ˡ˵ʲôʹͣߺߺߡ¼Ҳֻлʵ۲ʹͣ㵱𣿡
磬һḸˡƾϷԣôϣ϶Ҫ̫֮λ
ԣһӣŭĿȴĹâʼû˵һ仰
ʵؿ̫ӣγ̫̾ӣŴ˴ɱԭ𣿡
ʲôһ˼Ҫɱ磿
̫һЦÿɷĬɫȻƽƺȻء
ص˵ͷʵ۳̾ʵ֪ܶˣ̫ɳɱһһδϹ޵һȥٳǰ£Զ۶ǧɱҲֱ׷ϰϴ֮ɱжƵƵǴ£δһ˿һӦ԰ɣ϶
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Ȼص˵ͷʵ֮ɫɷ£֮ģ˵ϵ̫֮ӣ˵ƫûȷˣ֪Ϊƫ˰ɡ̫񻯲˵̫סˡҪ֣ܶҪôҪһɱЩִǲ٣ûһγɹ޶൱ʧ
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ǲ˼ؿԼĸʣŵʣ˵ʲô˻ɱ
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̫һЦȻǸ˵浽ĲߡںȻһˣλʵۡҲ飬λӵߣ
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ЦҡҡԴʵ۵̫ӣȷǳֺʱҲѡĲ϶ô³ç̫£Ϊ۹⣬ҲΪǳո޳⣬ֻǰȴ˳ԶûдֹۣҲ
ϻһΪڿУƣ˭֪ǹأͫһɣ̫ŭ߳
ЦҡҡԴʵһĵ㲻ΪһˣΪߵԼжⴧ˼ͣףū֮࣬ǵΪΪۣ͸Լñ˴⣬ûУ
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䣬ƿλջʱ֣˻ʵ۵ǰ
龰̫ȴҲżЦһǺǺǡʣΪ˽׿һѾսѻ͹Ӱȫ˳ȥֻʣЩڼδսйӲдĲбܽûõġˣǣ
ಡ
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϶޵ĻһܵλͷһתɿǸϽȥ׼˴ǴȥذԪ˧ǡȻ˷ٳ׿һڰʦس·ϡ֮㸴λҪǳŵʮ֮һֻдӡŻЧǱػ㣡ʵȻϢ΢һϸϸ
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ʣһǿ޵滨ꡣ
ǣӿŻʵǴȰĿ⣬ȴ絶һ㣬ΣʱʵߵĸȻʧˣۿͶסˡ
ʵֵؿһۣɻ϶ΪλߣӦò֮ˣ
ΣһӿʣǲˡΪӮң
һʵؿӣȴǲ⡣
ʱͻȻƿ죬һɫâȻգһšһ̣̫Ǳߵʮո֣˲촦Ѫ˵˵ϡ
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ֻŰ£ƮƮɷǣһ֧ӯӯâȴǻ֮һ｣ɡ
ף㡭ôӦñʣȥЭȮִ˲ǰ̫һ̾ɹһ˿ĭݺݶ˻ʵ۵ʣҲ㰲ŵģ
ǣʵ۵ͬһƬã֮ɫӦûɣ
ʣģ
ͻȻһϤ׽𣬻ʵƤ΢΢һ˼ת׿ȥȴǶ̶СУĹâʵҲǶ֮աʦѾҪһ֮ˣ
䲻һ𣬻ʵؿãȴҡͷЦһ૵϶һνƴ֡û뵽һֱûп͸ˣȻ㣡
϶޵ĺöӰҧҧʵسžӨâ֪ǼǷŭ


501 ʤ
Щȥʵ۵˫ͫӻŤԴʣǰ˵ôҪô֣Ҫôһɱ
ǰһɱһʵ۵ЩҰȻȻĶӿʤµ֮ʱл̲סһį
Ͼ⼸Ӷԣʵ˭ƹΨûƹӡ
Ⲣǻʵ۶СЩصʵ̫ãûʵ۸ץܹƵβ͡
ӣ̫̰α³çԣܺãΨصˮ©
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̫ӻǶӶ֣ʵ۶ȻԣϾȳֵġΨħƣȴֹסһʹ
ô˵֪̫ҪΪ¶˰ɣһįʵ۳̾
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Цŵ˵ͷʵص³һȻǰҲ֪޸֪޵һ첻һ죬֮ղԶӡܽʵ̫ıɱ֮λҲǼõģ
̲ͫס̫ԣȴǱӶˣһίʣҲӣΪΪҪң
ǹݣֻ̰֮ģ֮мƲƲ죬ʵȻеһУԼʥƣա仰˵ɣмܹ
΢΢ͷݵ̣ܽ
ˣҡҡͷʵȻʵոճ⣬޵ȷǸ̫һᡣĻش׵ʵҩδػȡʱϣ϶
üͷ΢΢һ£ӳȴͫһᶨһǿݣ֣
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һϤڳ˵Ķڣʵ˽üͷһ̲ס̧ǰȥ
Ҳ΢΢һ̧ͣεӣǰϤӰ׿аЦݣʱ˵Ŀ֮ڡ
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˪վ׿ԣһĻﲻ֪أЩȰοôˣ
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ĻˣƲƲ죬ôһ˾ƫƫԪ˧أ֮£Ԫ˧Ҳû˧ٰ
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ãʵ۲˫Ŀɻ׿޶ҵʵѾָơӦûôɷ̣ôᡭ
ǺǺǡֻ˵£˽ңЦһ׿ת׺˶һۣҲȫЦ
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ŤתǬˣǻʵζ벻ġ׿Ȼħй
ǻʵǰ֪ϵĻ׶֣ƻϣҲпܡ
ϧ֪ΪһУ˳ᢣִִУýմܡ
׿ߵˣʱȴȻ֪оȫһʤߵӣЦؿŻʵۡ
ȻһУȻ֪è壬Ҳ൱׿һ׼ĴתΪʤġ
һеҪڶϤֵǰ£ɡ
ǣʵʵ׿ǲ֪Ȯֺ֮£ż׼¹ػܣ˽˲࣬޵׽֮ˣҲ˽⡣㣬ǴӺε֪
ǻһаĻȣ׿һ㽫˪Ƶǰ棬Цǰһɻʼ롣˪ǵ˾ҵ֣Ҷ죬ҿõ൱װǺǺǡ
ԣ˪˫һ죬֪뵽ȥ


502 ʵ
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ߣ׿㲻ؼʵʹģܿܣĥǶˣɣʥ˰Դһ㡣
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̾һ׿ν͵УǾšʱĥΪڣĻСôʱ䣬һŲǲһߣ͸ǽѪ֮ˣ˺óԺúдǲɡ
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ҡҡͷʥЦһǲǶսʥûôĿԣֻǻҹǣ¶ѡΨңǾ롣ΪǸͨСһġ
ҶӸкγԹôüͷһ׿
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ضǸҩƿ˫ʥ˴˶һۣһɬ˿ĭĿ֮ɫ
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˷·Ǳ߶һһ󷢺
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ˣ겻ɴЦһȴδֻһ֣Цڵ棬겻ɺã
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۾΢΢һУЦǲҪʮ֮һҲһθǴѪˣ
ǻаĻȣаµͷˣıϣҲġͻڵɸ֣ǰԦڣֻ
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һЦаպһץоаĹâ


507 һҶ
ʵ۵ǻٹٳݣ
峿ʳǴ֮УһɤȻŽɫۣȨıǰٹٵԴ档
ԭȮִֺ۶ʳҲΧܲ͸磬ѾܾûϳˣջսսΣա
һУΪӪһ֣𳤷繴ȮңĽӵܵļԱպ󷽱ж
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һȣԱ߱нٴμϸɤӣȳ׿ϵͣ
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̧һۣ̲סͫ΢΢һһ˲³˳
ԭ׿һ˾͹ԶԸˣڡ
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ΪǵҳлûСԼûͲ˵ͻϹƱƣϹɪʵƨûУ
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ʵ˵˻˵üءͬ죬Ǹĸ֮֮أ˾Υľη֮С
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ոиˣûƣøųնĵز
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Ȼڴʱȴ˫ͫâһͻȻڳֵòջǺúһźã
üͷһ׿ת׿ӣ¶֮ɫ
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508 ҪɽҪ
ʳڵĺ԰ִϣңֻ｣һУ׿ľĵ·ϣС
Ӳ׿һۣпֵࣺܣң뵱꣬ڷٳǽ֮ʱǻӣǼһūǴʱ˿̣һ֮ҲΪʵʵˡò̾ʱۣ󡭡
л˵ƨţ׿شӵ޲ӵʱһͣ֡
ɿӳһ󣬼˵ܶһڴ˻ʳ֮ڣ߲һɼֵ֮ܶ仹һ㣬мӣ
ֻǲ»Ƶҡ㵱𳤷ͷ磬ÿҪаȫУüͷһ׿Ц
ɫһʱҭ˵һԵķҲɫ΢΢죬̲סɿ˼
׿仰Ȼģȴÿһ䶼ϡʵҲȷˣ׿Ŀǰʵףְ㶼һù͸˵ʳڵˡ
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ҲҡͷЦֵ̾ܣ֪˫ȫ޵УҲÿһ仰Ǻһɡޱú߶߶꣬һ¹ϵȴ÷Χȫޣɨɨˣ
ߺߺߣꣿڣǼ鼴мƲƲ죬׿һӣֱӵ˵ɣкңʹ㣡
뷽׶һۣһ˫̶תת󣬹ʵ׿ûڳǴ촰˵ĽԻ㲻ˣ
㣬Ȼˣ׿˵ʲôʱʧŹ׿һͷֱ׳
΢΢ͷһ⣺˵ͺãȻǵڣǾͻֵܡǣҲô۸ֵܰɡںôһ֮еȨȫǼ˼㻹Ѳҵʵۣһʵ۵ϻҪҪˣôһЩɿһõȨư
һܻʵۣҪôȨƸʲôüͷһ׿ǰǸôԹԵһܻʵ۾ͺãҪԽ磬ûһôĻټ塣
ãŻʵ۵Ĵøɻʵ۵Ĳ£ڻʳţúôҲȥķʱ죬ֱɵӰ㻹ʲôģ׿ǷཱུĴӣЦ
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ӣ⻰ɾ˵˰
۾΢΢һУ׿ɫҲòһ壬Ͷˣһ֮һǲ¸ңӰԼļƻһǵǵԣû磬Ҳ磬ҵ׼򡣿ڣôҪȨƵĻãҿԸ㣬ȫ㶼νֻǣҪ

üͷһӼ׿˵棬²
˼ͻȻڣ
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ص˵ͷ׿ʵȻǸ֣νðһգ˻ڵ档Ǽƻ˳ĻȻȰȨջأֲڻɵԼϡϧʧˣڶļҳʧȥΣѰµĴߡ
ĿǰΪֹơҲֻʺϣö֮еȨƺ档Ҫ룬ҲӰӻʵˣһֲһ㣬վǿܣֻǣ¸ɣ¸ɵ⡣
˵׿ЦҶˣҲ൱ʶ˪ҼҴСǺѡʱʲô鷳ǿ԰æľæͨڵľͨڡһµļ壬վԴϵĻĴں𣿡
̲סǷ˶ϣظã̾
ԭΪĶңֻҪȨĵۻʣһû뵽ҪԵģǧһֱĻٿһеĻڰ
뵽ֱеԼĳģپˣ
֪ˣʵҪʵʩͺˣ
üͷһ׿һļ廹һֱΪǻʵΪ˽Ҵ֣ģ
Цŵͷӳ̾ȻļעҪ˥䵽ⲽˣܣҲûʲôɱˡʵʵ֮ǰһλʵ۵Ĳ֮أֻлʵۿ֪ҲʲôǳƵ۵Ϊ׼Ϸ飡
ŶǺ⣿Ƥһ׿ʵ
˿ֳ³˫ĿĹâڸ׼ܵҵģϷ飬Ϊ׳飬ϷˣȺҲ˵һǧļҵĻʵ۸ɵֻһ£ǲϵսǵʵҪûҲҪ
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ƶƵǧˣһҿʵ۵ϡһӸУҲؿһۣ׿һ̾
ҲʧЦŵͷȴǷɬĻȣΪ¼ҹˣ˶ĵˡҺ֮ͱˡˣǼ廹ǰϰϷ飬˻һǿĲ񻰵ĳħȫҧˣ
ת׿׿׿ҲŶȫЦ
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һͣ׿΢΢ͷ˵ҿԺᡣ˼ҲԸ⣬ҲǿɱΪҵ֣ͿǿȢˣ
ǺǺǡ׿ܼңĻϲ⣬ԴȣôõأЦһӵģҲҪֻҴǰȮֻʵ۴һ⣬ҪذɽǣԸȮĵǧظǡƬأֻҵӡܽܣɱңҲӡҲûá
ڣԸƬǱǾӪʮҵסֲ㣬ڱ߾ʱȻҪж´Գô˽Ǳ󳹵գɺƽݱ䡣Ƕ˺ôǽԴϲ𣿡
ؿһۣ׿΢΢ͷ޵⣬ʵǲ㸸֮°ʵ˵ǰûҳ֣
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Цһӳ̾㿴ˣҵĽɽѾˡԣҲʧȥ顣ڲҪɽҲҪ顭


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üͷ΢΢˶׿۷ɣЩˡʵţһĻǸˣУ԰Σ
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ǽнԶıӰӵоһֵ̾ܣ޲û֣ǲҰ
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һʳϷԶĽȥǻҹѺڡ
׿ȵȣҪ߳ʳǣһͻȻԱ󷢳׿һͣתȴһɫԻ˪顣
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׿ҪлֹȮִŰȮְգ˸ʵ׿ǰؿܿ㹪һݣֿ
׿һ㶣ЦûɵɣΪƻ㸸ʵļƻļӦòù㻹лң
ȻҪл֪ʩ˹֮£ô˶񱨣ҲӦҲκˡ
㵱Ȼܺκˣ⽿Ҳ޲ǣֻԼװ׶ˣǺǺǡδ䣬׿ȻЦĸܲ˾֣׿ģֻʱ˲ãҺ˪֡Ҳͳɹأ
ԣȻһЦ棬ֻľ߰˵س̾ǳɹˣɾ͵ֻһһͿ̿ȴ°աĻԸʼƻʧܣ
Цҡҡͷٴ̧׿׿ȴ֮ɫ׿һæ֪ɲԣ
ʲô£һԵ˪һֻۣҲɢ֮⣬׿ֿ
һ󣬹ĵȻ߱ɱĴزݣϾҴ簡Ҫһ棬ȴ֪ںδҲҡֻȥˡ
̫߱ɱ˻ʼҳţӵǻ֮ʱ̫ȻͬʱȮԴߡ˵ӻδ̫ӣҪôҪôֱӴ׿ؿŹȻǺߣѾˣҵ
̲ס𣬹һƬҡ
˪ˣɵ죬ЩԹؿ׿һۣʵھˣǱ
Ķ֪Լ£ְİ
ǶˣһʳǣͰ̽Ӳĸ䣬»ʵ۵һһʲô£㻹֪ܲ˪һͷͽҴ׿µ˼
Ҳ۾һһؿ׿ѰʳСèһ
ϣʲôʱ˲ˣ
°̾ҡҡͷ׿һΣֻóϵû֪̫ӱѺڣڻʳڣûأ
ǡܴܲȥ磿һϲæ
ҡҡͷ׿ܾҺӱϾֵܣֻҪûԽ磬Ҳʣ
˫˲䰵
˪ˣһ̣һŭؿ׿ʲôʱˣߣǽڶѡ㲻ˣھȥǿΣ˵˼Щ˭ǣ
ȵȣ
һȣ׿ؿ˪һۣȴҡҡͷ̾˿ˣҴȥ˭ȥһవмһЩʱաĶ̬Ҫϵպĳ̶ȣ
üͷһŮ˴˶һۣǵ˵ͷ׿ķЦ
ûа취׿ҡͷ̾ϢȻ˫֣һ̽Ů֮֫ͫнɫ⻷һȳҪˣ

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Ů£׿ңңǰȥֵָָŵӦþǹѺ̫ӵηˡ
΢΢ͷԴȴһֱţϵĺ˿˪Ҳͬϼ棬Ӳ
Ƕ˶ǻƻں׼£׿ܱ̽֫ţʱߵõԴ
׿ȴ֪оһֵؿŶŮԴԺ
ѾͷôˣոճҪǣ̫ηȴֲˣʵڲ֪ʲô
ϼݵ
ͻȻһ쳹ڻ谵ηڣŮ󾪣׿ѹɤɳƵ׿ǿߣҪˣ
һ׿ȴǻҡҡԴһĪľ⣬أ̽⡣ҵ뿴¶ǰǷһ£
Ҫ;վУٴοŮ׿
ţͫɫ⻷˸´󺰳ͫأÿգ
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һռ䲨׿λãʱһռŤȻ˵ӰʧƬռ֮ڡ
ȴ׿һƬӰռ䣬û˽ȥ
ʱͬӣȻ
ǰɣ
һ죬ηĴű򿪣Ӻͷ׿档ʮľ׮ϣȴǰһϤӰ̫ɡ
ʱ˿̣Ϊ⣬ȫƤбļ
󡭡һҪѿڶȴǱ׿һסٷһ죬ֻ֧ۺᡣ
ǻһаĻȣͥŲ̫ǰĳ磬СæһֱٳŸʵɥСܵǻ֮£ǺʱˣòСܰɣ
̧Ƥ̫Ӳ԰ɫشһոµۣӲӵĹâ˴ۣȴǲмЦߣͷǴҲʵۡû뵽󣬱صÿ湻İ
ǺǺǡû취ޣ׾Сܲ踺أίߵĻ統᲻ްɣ΢΢ͷ¶ʤߵı飬֮ɫ
̫Ӽˣк޵ֱҧһУöĲŶ԰
벶ȸں󣬱λУȷˣر۾̫Ӳ̾ܿ죬ִЦȸں˸ϡʵ۲һܰˣõ˵ףӮң׿𣿹
̶ĳЦӶ쳹ôᷳȴ˿ŭֻȻûʤߣһ㣬֪Լڸʣܰ˷ڦҲû侮ʯΪСֻףкܴ̣ᷭδӮ
Ŷ㵱ʱôǰľܵķַЩѣ¥ǱЩԶˣϾʱĵˣǸʺ۹Щ嶼ŽĻƲٺҲ͵һˣôƶЦأ
üͷһ̫ɻ󣺡ò˵Զ׿ʶɣ
ЦҡҡԴûش⣬ֻȻڵɨβ¾ƽѣ˫һӺ
ǵټ׿˻ڵĵʱس󣬴˾ζԴ֮׿·ֱҲΪˣʸоʱӷĵؽչȨĴƣ
ͫ΢΢˶̫Ӳɳ̾
ȴǲмЦЦҡҡͷˣˣ˾ᣬաҲǰ丸ʽûһ䣬Ҳؼһ䣬ȴȫˡ
Ӻֱ֮ף룬ӺʲôǶˮˮӸʲôǷǸҵ֡һҳ˼⣬Υ治ð
ʲô̲ͫס̫ӲɴһһҲ̲סسȥ
Ҵļ鰡


510 ˽ħ
ٴת׿̫ӣӲЦһֱ׿ĦΥ⡣λӣҲȨɣ
ƨȨһܶѣɪʲôŭһ̫ӲмƲƲ졣
ЦһӲÿɷһЦҲǻʵ۰ǰ˵ôץԼģԼġĿǰΪֹްһλץС㣬źܻʵۣأ
㡭ݺҧҧ̫ǲʡ
аһЦӲȥת֣ȳˣҩ
ӣҪʲôһ̫Ӿų
ǻһ̵Ļȣۿ㲻ҩ˸𣿴˻ҳţ޲šڣ޾ҪΪʱ·
˵ţѾнǰһŨڵҩǹȳֻһžйҪŻ³ĸо
ˣͫһҪæǰֹȴǱ׿οţãֻܿŸż
̫ۼҩԽԽƤ΢Цӣ㲻˹ûʵĽձûе֣㲻ҲڱǰαӣװʲôТ壿
ǶȫĹΣʲôˣ
üͷһҲΣص·ΪʱԿһɡҪģǰʵİļѾʧȥΣͷܵ׿ƣȫáһӣǰ̫֮ǳ¶ǻڻļҳĨˣԣΪǼİȫ磬㻹糬ɣ
˵ţӱҩ˵̫ǰ׼ǿй¡
̫ȫ֮ܶ£ҧҧݺݵصӣɱڣ
ڣҲܻλϣаЦһӵ˫֮ͫɫȻ˵̫ӵͣͽҩһԶص˽ȥ
̫ƴ˫ȭ̲סûа취Ϊ⣬ֻؿ綾ҩٲԼǷߺ޵Ĺâ
ǻþռУȻ棬ȫ鴤ѣ׿ɺݺݿһ졣
ҩ̫ӸУӲһ˦룬һˤ飬¶ЦݣǺǺǡһĿɰˣ
ӣ˵̫硣ܻλδؿȵģҩ¶ǣ̫ӵʱ߿ѪĿǴЦ˫ͫ񶾵ضӣ
ÿɷһЦӲмƲƲ죺޵λܲȣɲ˵㣡һ֮˰ˣܷʲô
ŶôߺߺߡȻΪͰȫˡҪλӵģɻأ
˵ɣмƲƲ죬ӲЦһ㲻ѣ޻ˣǸͷ࣬Ҳ鷳İɣܿ޾ȥ㣬𼱣
ǻаЦݣ̫ӲÿɷشЦǿɾҪЩʱˡ룬ҵУ
˵ʲô
üͷ΢΢һ̶˫ͫâŭȳǱʹڵصη㡭ʲô
Цһ̫ȻѪɫϺƣϢҲڲɢЦȴԽãҲ¸ˣΪʱ³ʲôӣ϶һҶ֮ʳǴʱܵԣ׼һ򸸻Ͷֺ˳ӡһ棬˰϶˳
ҳɹҲͰˣֽ϶Сһʧˣߺߺߡ϶ҸӣὫ½Ȯ
ΪʲôҪô۾΢΢һУǵʼƻɹļҵġôڰļҽɽ
һЦ̫Ӳмؿӣոջ˵ʵĽ̻壬ôھˣǲܰɽԼɻҲñ˵õԼֵܣ
̫ӷЦӵɫȴԽԽ϶ĲܣȥΣʲôˣ
ǰһ˵ȷΪ塣һ֮һҴӸǶ͵͵ûĽɽͼ
Ƥ̲סһӵѿڵݵһˣ
ֳֽɽͼˣһԸ˵϶ԸʲôаЦһ̫ӵǷ֮ɫ
ضȴǵǧ꣬˿֪٣˵Ȼȥϣ̫ã˰ɣ
ãҲϣֻҪ϶ߣʱܳĵλСͻʱӣúóֶ̿յĸоɣ
̫ӷЦЦЦţ˫֮ͫеɢˣǵ֮ɫֻ֮вĺѪڵδδš
Ƥ΢΢˶ؿһۣȴŭһת⾶ֱֻ߳Ǽеŭȣȴ쳹İеÿһ䡣
ȫͨ£ۣץ֮ͣ
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εߵϴʿʮĺȡ
˶ˣ׿̧ٿɹŷЦݵ̫ʬһۣ֮ͫнɫ⻷һŶŮ˲뿪
ৣ
ٴγԭ֮أ׿ҲǷſ˶Ů
һѣӱ鲻Խعڵأ޺ۡ硭ΪʲôҪԴ磡
ܼ򵥣ƣӵ³Ҳˣüͷһ׿վһ˵ŷȴǷ˲١
οӶɱ̫ӣһ㣬밲״
ҲΪǵΥҲǾں涢ţЩСĻûʲô
ҪӣǸɳʲôԼ鷳
һסˣٳʲô۶ӵ顣УҲԺ
ʱҿѾΪڶԺȻҲ͸ӵıˡ
Ͼڵƶߣ𳤷硢޳ߣ
ˣҲܷĵ뿪ˡ
׿ֳ˳ô֮ǰ
ħȫħڵϣ޴У
ôܹ뵽λֳ֮ĳԹȻôҪƴһľءѵΪһλ
ǿֵܰΪξͲܸԷһ·
׿Ŀ֣ӣĵ˵ʵҲħߣҲħ
׿ܼңʵǱɺöˣʱһԵ˪ͻȻؿ׿Щ٣һǶʵġҲħˣм˲ħأ
׿һüͷ
Щ˱ԼħʣħļߣȻħ
ô˽ħħԽԽԶ
вһã׿ظеԼľеɻȴԽħ֮·һ·
ǰ൱ȴԽԽģˡ
㣬־ǰһ˼أ
һ뵽˵ҲһıֵȻȥ
ô˵ħһ;޶ۣĶɣ
˪ǻطٳǣӸոյΪҶ׷ˣ³һ׿Ƴ
˪һۣ΢΢ͷ
ʱͻȻ̧ףֿ׿һ߰ɣҲٴ֮ˣ
һ㶣׿ܾ˪ȴȻͷЦðһҰɣԺ͸Ƽҵһ
˵˼ùȥʰɣ
׿ҪȰ裬˪ȴһüЦʲôʵģߣ
˵ţһ뿪ˣֻ׿ŶӰһ
ô˪ѾͷҲ˰ԵعˣѵǸ̫õԵʣĿȾ֮
ǽ̻СѰ
׿ҡҡԴʧЦ


511 ӵĸ
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ü˼Ǹٵ֮ʱͻȻ˴Σνˡѹʱ
ͨһУӲüͷһɵؿˣȵ˵ǴˣߣʲôҪˣѾвĵλˣ
ӵĪᣬ̫֮ôȫΪ˾ȵһȭֿ
Ӽˣϸɻ󣺡ңôģУ˭ҪɱңѵǸ𣿡
ӵ£˺ܶ£Ҳ֪Ҫ˵׿ı˱º̫ӵ¡ΣѹͷһҪȳӵϣļĪҪü˼Ƶóѣ
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˵ǲԼûܷѳɹǸӾܻˣѳɹˣⲻôѵֻ
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̲ͫס¶ЩˣΪ˵ЩױʶƣȻô˵ˣǾǰ˾Ųʮˡ
ΪһֱڵбţԶӶԵĴս˽⣬ǻʵۺȮһģ𳤷类ܺף͸Ӳ֪ˡ
ǰ˵ʲôֻʲôѲࡣ
ԣڼȶʵĻϱģȷѾ˻ʵۣҶǲʵɲţ
ǣţӾȻܵʵۡʲô˵ֶεĻƵۣ
ı췴ã
һʱ䣬ӵǷŭ֮ɫȴѹ֪̫֮ơ
ԭ˵õǣ̫ӳƵۣɱӣ̫ʧܣöΪ
ڣʽΪ̫ĸ𹤾ߡ
ۿһУǺ°Цȴһ֮ɫ
ķΪ˶ûλͰѻɽ͸ˣʵļҵİ࣬ڣݺݵҧҧ˫ȭ߬˫ĿͨһƬ
Ǻܿ죬оһǣ̾ǡƴһ֮ͨˣܹɽΪǱ𰡣
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ף̫ˡ
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ֻ澧Өذһ״ںת·˵۾һ㡣
Ǻ˼ˣæӣ˴˾һܲˡҵٰ̽۰أǽԲɹ²ˡ̫ӵ³ûõ֪кιãǷתڵӦûõ֮ʱ
˾ۣ
Ƥһӽֻõϸϸ쿴ȴپһɼǿĻֻ꣬Ƕʱ̣ߵɢƣÿ˼ƽ
а̫аˣ
ٷŻľиǺãӲųµظʱòҲ֪ôãźã
ǺҲ΢΢ͷʵоôʱ䣬ûôµĶƬ֮䣬аأ
󣬶óƷһŹϵľһȴһŵͼǾͷλãȻһġơ֣
ӵ£ŵͼ˻ʳǹءһɽ̫үоͼλãƼءֻ뿪վãܶ˶ѾǵˡͼӦҵ̧Ϲ档
üͷ΢壬˿૳˾ۣƼصͼнɽͼѼĪǡ
ûһĴ˾ܿôǵأضпƽܵܽ⿪֮أƾ֮ܣҲҵǵټҲδ֪Ǻһȭ͵
۾΢У̾˼ܣȻ뵽һ˵áǱҵǵֹ۹ݣҲûˣ
ͫһӴȳãȻ綼׼˵زҾɴδɵɣȥݵһʱߺߣ׿ǵھ͸õˣ
ݺһҧӵǼᶨ֮ɫǺ䣬¶һЦݡ
̫ӵ£鵱οļƻʵʩΪһĸ֮·
һ棬׿ȥǱ˵ӵ˼ݷȻˣֲ֧ϾʹӦ
ǧ︻֮ؿԿɣܲġش߾λã￪ɿһ㶼İ
ʱȻҪ׿ɱפˡ
׿Ҳһ̣𳤷޳˶һۺ˱㿪ʼݷɽ˹Ĳԣ˵ķչơ
ۼôôռǱ󵱼룬һˣͻ¥Ҳ׷׸ż˽Ѵ֮
ϾһҶ󣬸ԣΥȥ
ټ𳤷ЩϺ꣬һʱ㽫һһһ㶣޲ھפΪԼռ˱ˣ׿Щѵĸжء
ʵеڱ£
ռ˶棬ȻҪٴۡȻˣȻˣǴӽ󣬱㲻ԸԼԼжǵͨͨ˳Աʧȥ˵չɣһӶҪ֯סˣ
൱ڵ꣬¼ĹϵֻǸܵĹϵ¼ȻɣʣµıȫµĳԱˣ
Ҳܲô࣬˸ճȻһͷֵԣʲôˡ
սȨʱ򣬲׿ȥܣҲȫ𳤷ȥˡ
뿪ˡ


512 뷲ħ
ذԪ˧һ𣬺ˣ
һصٳǣ׿ĻѺذɽЩ²ȥ߾ףȡǧ֮أΪǱΪԼ´ֻʣʮҲѺ²ǰȥʲôӡ
ںڷɽ£׿ĿƵɨڳȮ־ʿһۣذɽȴһֱһͬ˱ȭߣڣϷɲټˣ
ǺǺǡذԪ˧ﻰǾ㲻ҲǶְɣԱ˴ӦаɣͶԪ˧սꣿ
ߺߺߡϷ򿴶ս죬ȻǸ¡㴿ⲻˣĶʲôаǷɻĶģ̫۸ˣذɽƺԴս֮Щίŭ
׿ȴǴЦһÿɷ񣬶Ȯֽ죬ȻͬĿԹޣȴǾٶľǼɵ
׿һսǲ֪ʲô似˴һ㣬ȴ֪ͨô¾͸۶ӳ
Ķ֣ٲԸʵ̫Ѵˡ
ذɽţذҲ˼˳ֻ̾ذ׿ЦݣǸ֮ɫãŴ׿ˣɽЩҩ㻹Ƿһأ
ʲôǷһ룬УעһԼݣҵķ²˶ҵģﻹǷģ׿ЦһЦ
ذȴһ죬ȻŤԴ૳ʲôˣå
׿Դȴ⣬ٴĻ󣬱뿪ˡ
ţֻص˺ڷɽڣվˡΪҴܼҵһ죬Ҫ鴦׵ܷ뿪
죬ѩ׺˫ʥǰ
׿һȣ˱ǰһȭ˫ʥ׿Ϊ޷Ѿǻظ֣ͻһֱ޷ȡźĻ龳
Ƕ׿ĸ飬˵ģ˵ǿԸͿصĸм˵׿һ仰ϵɽ͹ǡ
λʵǿӽΪҹСƽ׿Ȼһ׷׵ͷǣ
𳤷磬޳˱˴˶һۣȴȻ³׿˼
Ҫ֪׿ιܼ֮ʱҲʵǿߣǳϣûйһְ׿ǿսΪܼҹƷΧƹܼҵȨ
Ҳ˵׿ҪʵһҷΪĳ佫˴ǯƣ
ѪϿƣλ׿ܼһǲǯôɷ
𳤷⣬ʧЦҡҡͷ
𳤷磬޳ǰһ׿ŵ˱㻺ǰһݡ
ؿһۣ׿ӽ𳤷ΪҴܼңһ£޳ΪҴִ£ֹҿɡӪȷˣΪҲıʦЭӰӡ¾ȶϢ̽͹
²һݣ˻࿴˿󣬽̲ס̾ǣ
׿ְţ֪Ȩ֮ߣ˴˻ƣ
𳤷紦֮£ǹ޳𿪲ɡҵǾǽԴץԶ׼ǾǱȨ
Ȩƣ˴˻ศֱ˴˻ǯƣȴŲǶרУ
˻֣£׿ֽһŶǶú츸Ůˣǿ˵һ
˭ǰгأ
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׿ֽƺеߣЦСӣ־ס𣿡
סˣƺкᣬ΢ŵ˵ͷʵ
Ǻãһɣ׿аЦһȻڡ
ƺһͷϽᶯӡʱ䣬֮Уһǿߣ󲿷ȫʹ̵ص
ƺٽᶯһ־ǲָֻ糣ͬʱƺıӰǾ֮ɫ
û뵽׿֮ǰȻѪϿ֮ҲڸˡԺλǵùˣ
һ㷣˱˴˶һۣǿ֮ɫ
׿һЦ˵ı۵ףصͷǶԼûη֮ģ뿪Ĳء
С㣬ңʱ׿һҲ涵ѵ
һæеĽָڻίʲôҵġ㶼ҪˣѵҪѽָջȥ𣿡
ʧЦһ׿ҡҡͷҲҪˣֻͫɫ⻷һϴö䣬˲ϡ
㡭һȥأȴ׿ǽ仺شƺϣɫµҼƺΪǰδܼңһ𣬲֪ʱټңңڡҿûμӣμĴˡ͸㣬պٴҫ֮ʱ׿ع֮գ
׿Ļ˵·ڸƺַ·ڸеڸǡ
ΪˣͲˣǿɸʵŵ㡭
׼ǰĲ΢΢һ̲ͣסס˽ֻɵ
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ƺ쳹ȫȫǼᶨ֮ɫ
׿ͷ˿Լе䣬ˣԼȻѾˣպͱʲô¦ӣҲ޹ء
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һ˱˴˶һۣȴִЦ
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üͷһ˪ؿһۣȴǻҡҡͷʧЦȻһֱԳƶˣʮĶͽǡȴ˲ͬһ˿֪ȣԡ
˵˪ͻȻ˫һ죬յ׿ߣһүүԸһֱҵຣΪһˡ㲻Ը⣬ҾͲһӣ
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׿һЩŵζٿ˺һ㶣ƺЩԻ
ڣȴȻȫһǷı飬Դ̧ϸߣǿ׶ȴɵסˡ
Ѿһ䣬ʲôʲô̼ˡ


514 仨ˮ
˵Ҫ뿪ˣһ󣬵
׿ȻͷЦǰϢġôеģ
ǰɣҪģΪ˵ʮ֮ԼЦһʮѵ
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ƺ룬Цһ૵ʮǰСŮ񣬲ִ֪磬ȷС㣬˵һЩصĻڴˣֿǸǸ
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515 ·
׿ܼңЩʱƢһû䰡ô꣬ǺǺǡ
һСϣӰڿǰнһǸаЦˣĸ߲ߵ٪塣
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ʱɷ׿ߺ£һĵЦݣĳ
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üͷһ׿ɨɨˣ߳Ǿáӽȥ󣬻۸𣿡
һ㶣ȻҡҡԴ
ţɷݺһµСԴûĶ׿ܼʲôˣ۸˾õˣ˭۸ֱǻòͷˣ
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ʲôô꣬ò׳һˣúɽˮһķ⣿νذ˰֣׿Ц
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ʲôڣüͷ΢΢һ׿´󾪡
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516 
٣ҩڵȷֵģͻȻᣬʲô˼
һΪλվһλŮˬü軭紺ˮǽޣһӢȴΪˣǱʯŽδʣɢĽ⡣
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۾΢΢УħƺŮӶӣ·ֻҪһۣ˵ĽʱܽԴնƵġ
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аЦһٵҩ˭˭ƾʲôø㣿ǡӿ˫ޣǵǿԿˣ
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˫һ죬ˮŭȳгȻһʡ
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׿ϷţҲɵðкһΪһλŮӣȻܴ̳ϬһʵѵãǽлûʲôˣƽʱҲǸĸϻ
һãؾѣԷȴظ֣ǶԷҲ˵õֶΣһȴǰ״ˡ
һȥ޻صĽУȴǰԼҲվǲʵûбҪ
׿ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ȻǺԴ˽η壬ЦһһƻãӹȻеҲͲˣ
䣬ǰȻһ׶ߵĳӡವһӭȥ
׸߼似ѻƣ
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һ죬һֻƺݺײһȴǵʱסˡˮһͣȴҧҧ֧ǰš
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Ϊ̫ûӦȻݺݻ˳ȥһѪ̲ס³
ʦ㣡ˣ뺰ħЦſһС
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һƿӰ׷ɽ֮ǰɷһۣ׷׿ʼᶯӡ
ʱ䣬һռ䲨ӡᶯϺͬʱһȣɽǰһռ䲨Ť
һ̣һƵΡɽǰҲվڴɽɽ¡ֻǵǰһˮһĲƣڲͣ
׿֪˽ڣ˵̧˽ȥ
ͨǲ㲨ƣʱһոµءŨȣʮࡣ
˻ɽţǲһ׿پˬ
ǾڴʱһȴǶȻ漴ĻХ
ʲôˣôħš


520 ħ
ݣ
ҹջһǳĺâ׿ֱ׿һתףǺһһ
ǵıǼ⣬ǰűһֻ˫֮ڡ
ۼֿ죬׿һ֣žһץסֵֻ֣һתһϢĽһȽεӰӳ
Ǹʮ߰СŮǳü軭ʩ죬崿ˡֻͫʱʱɢɱ⣬ȴֻǳֶı֮С
ħŵӣССͣɱ飡
۾΢΢һУ׿ֻ˲䶴Ůӵģεҡҡͷ
һѵƣĴ棬ǵĴ壬˪Ĵȱٻħţֲϰߵĸо
Ů·𿴵˴ǰո̤ħŵԼɱ¶̺ݶһжֻĮ顣·Ŀֻһȫ
ħħ
һֱȴħԽԽ˵ħڽת䣬һߵĲ
ֻ֪ʲôطֻ֪ľ𵱳ħʾҪȵö࣡
ǺǺǡո̤ħżĳ񣬾͸ӥսȻǳţ»ϧ㻹ûǸΣ
ǰɣ
׿Ůֱһ䣬ʱһǱŮʹ죬Ťͷ˿˿亹
ȴɽҧһ
üͷһ׿°ͷСѾͷ־ᶨģ
ڴʱŮȴǺݺһתһ죬Լĸ첲Ťˣһֱֻ¶һضУͬԥ׿ȥ
ͫ˲׿¸
Ѿͷħ裬Լ湻ݵİǰһģһ
Ǻ׿ɵһϲ֮⡣
Ů׿һ㣬Ϊ׿ԪǿȴǿԱȼոֵġԪ£Ůû˿͵Ϯ׿
׿ɹһء
ۣ
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ôͺܸһ֣Ϊʤȯգ¶ùһ˳Ĵ󣡡
ȻһЦŮӲͫһʧɫ̧ȥȴ׿һȻĿ˿ûаŭ;š
ɵ㶣Ůǲ⡣
˺֣ΪԼˣ¶΢Цѵ˵ոģ
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׿ˣɸæߺȣĸס֣
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ʲôˣΪܴħڵŽ磿СҲüͷ壬һ⣬ʳ
ϣȴ˿ûκκº֮ɫ
׿ˣ΢΢ͷ°ޣСﵹҲͦйģ
˱˴˶һۣЦɷǼСûʶħӢܣħĹݺ½꣬˭˲֪˭˲
ҾͲ֪ħôˣ˲ġŮ΢΢죬
ħĹˣǴŭֽ٣СѾͷŲҰ˺ˣ
ѾѾ޵ģ˺̫ˣҪ˺Ͱ˺İ룡
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ħĹд£ŶŮļ̡ʱһЦȴǶȻϣⲻλִ´ôôſڴ󳳴µģҲ¾˳ϣٰǹؽ֮ǻ

أȫͣת׿˹ȥȴֻǸĶ˵ٸʮ£ŨױĨ̬ʮ㣬ȫһɧ磡
Ůˣȴǲ۾һȵʦ㣬ħ㲻˵ʶ
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ħĹٸƨһԵãϲԴҲ߸ߵذһС˵־ӡ
ֻ׿оһƺʲô°Ц
Ů죬૳˶ִܵ£ħûô
٣СѾͷ˵ʲôأŲӵ˺룿ɷһŭ
׿ȴһЦСûʲô˵ģ˰ɡҳէҲýһλŮʶһ˰ɣ
²һ㶣ħĹ˴˶һۣ׿ǹ졣λ׿ܼƽŮûʲôȤôôˣ
Ȼ֣ҲνֻǱ˴ؿ˿ǴЦ
ٺٺ١벻׿ܼҲˣǺãĶź׿ܼңɷаЦһһָٸ
һŭŮݺݵصĹһۣ׿Źأڲ׼Ů˽飬Ϊִ£֪ʷҪȥϳǣ
٣Сһ˺ɣǲʶôɷϢһͣߣߣ첲붯֣ȴǱ׿һֹˡ
Цҡҡͷ׿ᣬħŵĵӣֻύһЩѶѣû˼
ؿһۣŮһȥ
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ã׿һЦÿɷ
ǺĶȫ¸һ˫ֱòħڣʦˣٲһί
ǾͶлʦˣ׿һЦ¹ž
ɷǼΪЦЦĶԺ׿ܼҾͽźˣɾԲܵ
İɣôɰʦܣôᵡأٴ׿գĶЦǣô׿ܼңйܼ𣿡
ǰһ嵱ܼң׿΢΢׽͵ҽ׿
ĶȻͷЦ׿׿׿֣
ǵȻ׿ܼ߳ƣӢ˵á˴θǵڣǾӢӣԺܲôɷЦһ̧߰Դ·һ
ǺĶȴɫһ²΢΢һ̲סһ£֪˼ʲô
ֻŮɾڵϣһֻ첲ڹشţƺκ¶ں㡣ոտǴɱδ̳˰
Ҫ׿ļ̳аµ֮λԺĺùӳԣ


521 פ۷
΢΢תתĶЦɷǴλִ£ǿɱˣŵӶվΪǾӢˣλ׿ʦ
ô㻹С׿ܼҲɣɰ˰ԴɷشЦ׿ܼ˷ǳˣȻ߷ǳ·֮ܰҿ׿ܼҵӢӶˣӦֱӳΪִ²Ŷԣ
ִô׿ܼңӦųϲŶԣʱҲĵ
СˣҲæͽų׿ܼҲҪ͵Ź
ˣŹ׿ܼҲϡõɴаλֱӵˣ
ħĹһһȻ죬ֽĶһԿã̲סݺݳ˳飬һ
λִԴҲжţһȻ鴫ĸһ̽Сӵı
ĸСΪִ£СӾȻ˹ƨ̸ڣкĹϵɡ
뵽Ķؿ׿ȴɹžɫƽ糣ȫûΪĹĽ¶κλϲŭľ
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ʲô֣ȥ׿ǸŮ
Ůбһۣһû˵
ʱĶֽЦ׿ʦܣ¶һΪͬأŵӡûվǰҲҪˡԺʦˣǿҪӦǰǺǺǡ
¶
üͷһ׿ֽڵصǱϸϸȥȴһ䵶ƷħЦΪ¶Բ䵶Ǹֺ䣡
ٴκݺݵһۣ¶ûлػ
ǣʱ׿ȴͻȻ䣬ִ䵶ݺĨȥ
̲ͫס¶󾪣Ҫ㿪κˣ޷ƶǺĶҲһ㶣ȫû뵽һŵСӣȻðʧض֣ͬҪֹȴˡ
ħĹǸЦ׿ܼҪɵ£ǿֹҲֹ
һŵӣˣ⡣Ͼ׿ڣܲһŵӾ˺ɡ
ĵâһת˲¶Į˫ͫڿʼЩͫײ΢΢һЩ٣Ҳ˿治ɫ
֨
ǵ˲ͣʺλãٶȴȻеǵϵķ֮ƺѾĲӰ㣬֮
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ӳģȴһԴϷŰЦݡ
Ǳ䵶£׿ЦһСѾͷǰ͵ϮɰһҲһ㳶ƽˣ
׿ܼңСӿ㣬ôֻһأɷһָ׿ǰ죬ĵ
˰֣׿ÿɷ񣺡¸ոţ¶ʦ㻥˸кѣûʲô˵ģҲͱȥǱ߽ˡ£ʹգ
ǣ
ħĹ࿴˿ʼ磬׷׵ױȭ
һ£ǺĶ͸Ӿˡ˵ľٶֱȻչСô򵥣ȫΰݵΪ
ѵ˵ˣĳλ
һˣĶٴνض׿Ӱĳϣ׿ʦǴ˴˸֮簡
Ѿϵ
׿°Ц֪թԼȴҲصҡҡͷЦĶʦ㣬ǿˡǰһûʦҸҵǻȻ򣬼ҸһŮӴΪܵкʲôģӦþĶʦˡҸޣĶʦڲ࣬Ǽõģ

ħĹһ㶣һֵؿ׿кɡ
׿ܼһϵǰôû֪Ķѵ֮ˣ
ĶҲһ°СӹȻбǲ֪ˣ
ǣ̽׿ȴȻþգһݣЦʱˣҲȥˣʹ˰ݱ𡣻¶ʦ㣬ĵ
˵ţ׿䵶¶¶Ƴһۣؽ˹ȥ
ٴεЦһ׿Ĺ뿪ֻºĶһɵؿǵıӰгɲ
¶Լȥ˰ɣʦ㻹Ҫ£һˣûٿλʦһۣĶһ̤Ӱ
¶΢΢˵ͷһƬɫ̾˿һ˴СŮ㣬һί
һ棬׿ħĹɽнһ·ϸֺֻ꽨ӦӲϾɷ׿⣺׿ܼңСѾͷ治׷ҸᣬúŪѾͷƬӣ
ǺǺǡѾͷӣһϲģǰһħ浫Ҳ棡
оһ׿Цν˶֣˶졣ղŶӳֵȻ¶ҿʲô֪ӦǱˡǺֵǸĶʰо֣̽Ϣ̽ҿڷ硣ǾʹգǱˣĵĻҪɱˣ
׿˿ϸϸ˼ͻȻħĹħڵ£ǲй¶ʲôΪδڣȻ˶ˣ
⡭
һͣħĹ˴˶һۣҡҡͷɷʼħڵľͺܼңΪħţӼӲҡҲ֪ħЩطǼΪ̵ģԪѪĲϴأ
ȥϮɵӣ϶ŴսֻǴ̭ĵУѡʺԼ¯ΪӢӵˡҲ˵̭ˣ͵ûˣ
԰԰ǰϻҲþŰپʮŵԪģֲܻʵΪ飡ʱҲǼͷ
׿ȻħĲп˭ʧʧȥһУɹ壬ӵУ
аڵй¶ȥڵĵӣȻȫ
ոպĶ̽˼ʲʺϳ
ԼĻǲǲᶯ֣һ˼ȫ෴ԼȨƣϾͻĨɱڳѿ֮ʱ
һˣ׿ЦмƲƲ졣
һħСڣ۵úܣӽ뾫ӢӺһʰˣ
˾ĵӣһƵĸɽ֮УһӰע·˵нЦأͨôĻţϧһžƷ鵤
̾һĶӰ֪ʱЦɵСͦ˼ģո¶ȻͽˡӦĳλƾǸɣ浥˿ħߣ
ߺŽɲûԭˣ
һ˵ľ⣬һЦҲ츳أûеġˣ¶һսΣ
ʦ֣ͷİɣСʵúܣȻ¶첲ˣԼؿҲһŰɣʤ
ô˵ʵҲضѣûʲôֶΣʦ°ͣ૳ôͿôˡΪŵӣԽ̵ĻǱһʮֳɫǾв뾡Ѱһ㣬ţǺǺǡžǹϵˡֺλ˲ɸ˵Э
ĶЦ֦Ҳ֮ɫҿλСܵܵͦģ¶ѾͷɵӦÿƺߵĿԸ󣡡
ҲˣǻһаĻȣʦĶ˴˶һۣЦ
ʱҲߵħڴɽ֮ǰ͸λ֮
ؿһǽյĴţɷһЦҪǰ档
ǻж֨ѽһ죬ǻ򿪣߳һλǹƲӵˡ
ħĹһæݵҦϣ
ţ΢΢˵ͷҦûпһۣǽĿֱ䵽׿λãĵӣ׿ɣ
ǣ׿΢һף
׿פ۷ӽ쿪ʼǱ۵ˣǴȥɣҦϵĻ˶߻صȴڳ˶̲סˡ


522 󹩷
ӡۡܡӣ
̲ͫסݺ׿ħĹɫֱͣģ
õһܼңʥ˻֮׵ħʣħȻ䵽ȥ۵ĵز
а£Ѿҳұ֤㣡ѾһžƷ鵤ڣ۵
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ɷżæŵصҦϣǲǸˣ׿ܼ˫ȫѵõ˲ţôȥأ
ôǸϽȥɣʽʼ۹ҦؿһۣһؾͽǺصźݺݵعϣɷıӶ
εʼ磬Ĺ׿Ŀ⣬Щ̾
׿Ҳǳ̾˶ͷŵҡԴüͷôҲ벻аº«﾿ʲôҩ
ǧټưŪΪۣ
Ǿôȱ۶ϸƷ鵤ıꡭ
ɽּ䣬ʦֺͺĶŵҲȫˣ˴˻һۣǲŵҡҡԴ
ʦ֣СӲͣôصʵţŴ´࣬ŷ۷ɡէģҲûɶĶһ⣬Եˡ
ʦҲǽüͷ˼⣬ڣ·뵽ʲô㣬Ȼ򣺡Ŷѵ˵
ô֪ˣĶϽʵ
΢΢˵ͷʦֲЦһ汻ʦ˵ˣСĲǴġҽ֪Ҫڣֻж׿ϲУһǴ󹩷󹩷һֱŹҪϡǶЩ棬ϵŵģΪʹޡرǾϴ˫Ұܣ󹩷ѵ
ΣĳЩĽף󹩷֪ˡ֮£˫Э顣Сԣ뾫Ӣμ˫ᡣҪ֪۵Ӳˣǳžͱ̭ĳ뾫Ӣӣûʸ񣡡
һСһ˰Ķֻ
Цҡҡͷʦֲÿɷ񣺡ҿδأôˣûκǰ;ˣӦƾǵʵ˵ʱ򣬸һϹλãܹţȡ֮ԴҲˡϾ۷ȻӢΪϹûơӢӣɶĺѡ˰󹩷žΪ˰ѹأһǷֹЩ潫Ӣӵʵ˺ȣǷֹųһҶ
ԣĶȻͷȻĴ۾ʵСӣǻҪҪעˣ
עʲô⣿ǺǺǡֻҪ벻˾Ӣӣûгս˫ʸ񣬶Ǿûκв۷úõǱ֮ˣִ³ϵλðɣЦһʦµһʯ£ؿ뿪
Ķؿ׿һۣҲǲмƲƲ죬ŶʦֵĲ뿪ˡ
Ķ棬˱⣬ûκγǿ򲻻ῴģлΪӡ
Ͼˣϴ˫ϣǱпܰڵˣֱڰ
⣬׿ħĹ̨ϣüչһ˴ĸС˷
׿һ۳ϥǣ̾
ĹҲ׷ӣ볤̾
ħĹǸӣ۵λӦá߰ɡüͷ̲ס׿ҧгݡ
Ĺͷɷ۷ηֻ֮ˣűýšĸǰٴҲѹڻɽûңﻹǵӷĹڿʧܵĵӣᱻûԴ˵µµϣûǰ;ԡҲм־ǿģƴﵽվִ³֮λ־ˣ
׿ܼҾĲܣҪִ³ҲװʱСԿο
Ըճɷݺһȹȥŭ۵Ķ׿ܼҪˣִֻ£һˣ
˼Ƭ̣ƽһûг֣ͬص˵ͷСҲǴһΣûñԩ΢΢ף׿ǰ
У׿ħۣӹӹµµ
һпǴصĴϣһϸ΢ķ϶غϣ
ͬʱ֮ϣ̻Իͣȼգһߣۻ롣λãаһϵڸ侫ʯϣ·һС
ʱҦϿеǰһݵķԸѾСӴ򷢵۷ȥˣ
ţܺãȥɣ
ǣҦһȥ
һ֮ʱа²תһͬ޴λϣ󹩷˰ɡúһ˲ţӵ۷ߺߺߡһ˴˫ᣬħڿֳͷˣ
СӵǿصúܣֻǡϷйǣ밵й۲һСϧһžƷ鵤ҲҪǿڣ
˵һ죬ǵسһɫӰЦ
Цҡҡͷа³̾󹩷ǱЩˣΪҲЩŵСȥμ˫ᣡˣ󹩷һԱ˫־ڱصãκҵ¡ڣҪΪħڣɫû֮һ
оһаɢ˵ơ
΢΢˵ͷ󹩷Ц£Ǵϴ˫ˣ֪ǴβҰܵ裬ҶʤľĴӲɡǣһΪվСӣΪӢӣˡϷ׾ϣ
ǺǺǡްС˾úܣͺúÿŰɣһʸ񣬳Ϊ˴ħ˫ϵ
Цһа¶ȻվΣһԵõȥתʧ
ؿһȥķ򣬴󹩷Σ૳Ȼ˳޵ˣǰǴûгֹСӣôͣϣΪأ
ˣ
һ췢ϵӰسڴ󹩷ΧΧУ
ϴСӴѶҪħԮ֣±ǰȥϷȥġǲһСӣ䲻Ӣô󹩷һۣ
һ೤ĳ󹩷ȻǰȥңСദʱգҲִ˼ݣǼƵ֮¡һۣרУַǳ˿ɿأҲѰ쵽
ŶǸӲˣЦһ󹩷΢΢ͷϷ򵹲Ӳ̫֮µ۹⣬ǿֵŵģ
ңϴץԦ֮ǰһǱٵòжʱǴʣŷֻߣǴӣ೤΢һͷ
̲ͫס󹩷ɴʧɫʲôֻΪôܻٵһֵ
ǺǺǡ˵Ҳ̫ɵмˡˣǺӽŪڹ֮䣬һˣȷ漣೤΢Ц׿ƺΪƳ硣
󹩷һݣ˼
ʱ೤ؿһۣУ֪ǲǵħĹĸСǿ޷죬˭Ļ壬Ҳǵͷˡ֮£Űѹ˻ɽʩͽ䡣Σȴǹ˺ܶ࣬Ƕ׿ǲΩǴӣҿʱȻΪ˸Сƽ۳ϿģǺһĵҲһֱҵģиҵ˰ɣ
̲ס𣬴󹩷ؿ˿һۣͷ
һʱ䣬󹩷˫ĿҲھ⣺ҲϷúú̽һСˣǺǺǡ


523 Ԭ
ƵչӳįӰǰŲС
Ӳݵʯϣ׿Ĺߵúƺһ·һʱһʱɡ
ϧĳпվҵͷϣ
׿ܼңˣ۷̧ۿ˿ǰһƬĵͰݣɷһָƳ
׿̧ȥжʱһأ۷Ȼ鴫ڻŹƶеһȡ
ֻΨһͬһ㣬ʱ֪ʱƬѡڣȴ֪ʱ뿪طˣ
а£ӵšһžƷ鵤Ūӣú˼ǰɣݺҧҧ׿񶾳
ħĹҲʼ硣
ţɷ̧ǰһдûУүү
ˡʱһżæŵ𣬽űһڣͷҵİ׺ͷһС鲽˹ɷæͷĳǺǺǡλүкηԸ
׿˱˴˶һۣٿͷΪ͹ضѣ׷ײмƲƲ졣
ϼһôͣŶ͹Ǿ̫׼ءѹֱֵ۷ⱲҲˡ
Ϸ׷ײмҡԴͷ·û㣬¶ǫЦݡ
ιϼһ㣬أôֻһˣɷ̧̧Դҵһ־Ӹµĸо˵ĸͷɴﲻһ㣬ôȥˡ
ͷҲǵͷֺãүĻǶȥϹˣҩ԰ˮɨЩûأ
ţµأɷ΢΢ͷ
ͷһЦ¶һŴٺٳүԬ˸գĹ£Ѿϰˣ
һ͹ǾߣȻϰꣿüͷһ׿ؿһۣɵ
ǰĹ˵۷ĵӶ̭ߣҲܿͻᱻϡĻ»ܻϰ꣬ͷ󰡣
ƺ׿ɻͷҿûˣλү۷ܻҲоϵġҪôִͣ³ϣҪô͵еİӡٺٺ٣İӡ˼ֵܵɡһֱѹԼΪ˼ҼûʲôõģͷŹࡣڣʱ㵱˹£
ԣ˻ȻνǹͷѾһֱ˹֮۷ˡ
ҡҡͷ׿̾ҪӵĻ֪Լ类ȥˣ
λף۷ĵӶΪ£ֲ򿪽ôӳֲǲ·ͿԼܲܰס˶ѡ
̾˿ͷزʣΪۻҪܷѣȫ˱¡һຣҲضǿˣ
üͷһ׿ؿͷ˫Ŀз졣û뵽һ͹ǾΪͷȻش˸
ͷҲƤһƺʲô㣬ָֻ̬֮Цλүôʱˣ໹֪γƺλǰΪأ
ٺٺ١ͷӣˣǿħٷ磬ӢħӢܣħĹִֵһְɷ죬̧߰Դ
ͷˣɴ󾪣æݵԭִ´ˣʧԶӭˡֻǣ֪λִǰкҪ£ĸ۵Ĺɨ䣬ɨòɾ𣿡
ǵûУ˭Ǵɨķ䶼֪ٺٺ١
˰֣ɷһۣǴЦһָ׿˴ǰҪ׿ܼҲ֪£ᵽ۷ˡûϵܻܿȥֻݴһѡҪտһأʣ
λүģǾΪλ׿үģҡ̧С׿һۣͷʧЦλүΪϷΪҲΪѲϲǣֻǡ۷ȷмλүǲ𡭡
ʲôǲ𣬵ʱλүšɷһڣͷһȴ޿κεҡҡԴ
׿ˣ֪飬㵭ĸź𣬱ʲôã֮أʱ򻹲ǿȭͷ

һ˱˴˶һۣǴЦ
ǺǺǡ׿ܼ˵Ķԣ׿ܼҵͣĸҲտúôţȥô£һ취Ūȥɷ˵ͷзᶨ֮ɫ
ҲǺݺݵͷһƬ㡣
ͷˣвĹâ
Ĺֶͷһ󣬱֣ص׿˱ȭ뿪ˡȥӰ׿ʧЦҡҡԴ
ζ뵽гһգĸСտԼ
׿Եðᵽ۷ǿߣҲˡ׿˹յģٰ֮ͷ΢΢˶¶Ȼ֮ɫ
׿һۣЦ׿ԺҾͳԬϰɣ
ôУɲҵڰ֣ͷһɫֻǶ͹Ǿѣ֡
ǺǺǡʲôϵ׿ˣȻĿɾ֮ΪߣԴȴܹƣǰ;
ǻһȻȣ׿йâһһСҩƿ˹ȥЦ˼ͨ쵤ɸƽǣ°빦պǿҪú̽һǣ
һ㶣ͷзźɣӹҩƿǵƿŵŨĵȴ̲סʧɫʮʮʮƷҩ
ԬǼʶ㲩͹ǾΪ֪ʮƷҩüͷһ׿ɵ
һ˿ĭԬ˸ŬԼƽЦǺǺǡǰۣʦæʮƷҩҲһˣԵüû뵽ΣȻּˡ׿μ棬˴ʵҵɷˣ
ǺǺǡްҲȱνʼ磬׿Ȼ
˵ãһԬһ򣬲ˤڵأ׿ݣǹ죺׿ӺζóʮƷˣαؽħأ
û취Ƶģ׿ɿЦһҡҡͷֱԺȥԬϣ֪ҽźεأ
ضıӰֿеҩԬ˸ղɰٸнζӳ¡
̸ܣħ˸
һžƷ鵤һʮƷ裬̵ģôͻر˰
һ棬һƬɽҰĻ֮Уһ°ؿλãһɢɫԵġ֣
ৣ
ܿ죬ᶯӡǰһָ컨Ȼһ󲨶ţһΡɽǰ
˵˷һ죬԰׵Ůӣ˽ȥ
һߣһߴȣˣ˰ˮʦˡ


524 ŮЦ
ˣ
һռ䲨һɽеĶѨڣĵӰϥΧһȦ˫ֱ˴һ߲ʰ쵵ϼӳܣ֮
ǵߣվŶˣһǰ׷̣뼰أɫƽһλṫӣòţʮ£ǲ԰׵ɫȴĸо
ʱɿ֮Уǵ֮ɫ
ȿȿȡ쳤ϣʦƲҪɣôôʱ仹δתҪҪ֪ͨ׺λǣƤ΢΢˶ǹӲĳ
˰֣쳤ϸĵЦӲصģԪ󣬽ľˮ𣬸һΡ磬ɵԲ֮İ£һԼٻָʵòΪС£ȥˣ
ǹ΢΢˵ͷ˵硣
ʱһռ䲨˶һƣЩϼҲزӰ
ţһ˻˫վˮ˹һݣмлλʦóȣ
ʦӦõģҲ뻹
ǹӼ͵ǰȥϸһˮӣ޴ɼȿȿȡʦ㣬û˰ɣ
ǺǺǡȻˣɵܵܣЦһˮǹӵԴǹҲǵһЦ⡣
ǴСһ𳤴ģܣ¹ϵԸ⽫λʦ㵱Լļ˶Դ
ȻʱһȴأȻ𣺡ʦ㣬Ȼû£Сþͻȥˣ
һλȫµŮӣ׷￴ȥȴһ޷ֱӵգȴ˪
ˣǳɡ
Ƥ΢΢˶ǹӽųǾµӣ᲻ƿ˫Ŀ˿ĭŹĵʦԴڣճ֮УȤպò׳һأҪȥˣ
ӣҵڶңһ;ڳ֮Ժ㡣ڵĿģҲֻѡ˴ʦˣҪԪ˵Ļǲصģһ˿顣
˱˴˶һۣεҡҡͷ
λʦãǺ⽣ִߣȻ佣鰡
λҡͷа̾벻һδģΨһ֮ˣһŮ
˲Ҳˣǧ֮⣡
ҡͷЦγ̾һűͲ԰׵棬ԵøӲҰį
ˮﲻ֪λСܵ˼ҲֻҡͷʧЦĪˡλˣɲκ˶ܴĵġ
ˣʦã
ȻҪƲ뿪ʱˮȴǼڣס
ǲ⣬תһɻؿ
Σˮ˴ѰҩգһЩˣйأʦһ£
йأüͷøԽؿˮ˲Ǻٸɵ𣬸ʲôϵ
λ쳤Ҳɻĵ˵˵ħڵĺ١ħڿûаǣôйأ
ӽͣҵĵȷħڵĺ٣ǡһ£ˮתؿ˳һۣҵģȴħڵˣ
ʲô
һ˶ǻ࿴˿ţɻħ϶ôܻðŵħڵΣգأ
Ǿˣʵ»йأЦһˮĵ
ǴһǸһؿǣôħйϵ
ҲһԴԺ֮ɫ
΢΢˶쳤Ͻˮ۾ԭԭ½ô£
ġ
΢һ˼·ˮʱһСɽз˾Ʒҩնݡ
ʲôǿǺöûŪ֣쳤һæϵ
ʧЦһˮη۶нָâһǿҩݱȻУЦȻŪˣΪ˸βƴҲŪģ
㣬лл㣬ȿȿȡһжɵֿ
쳤ϲ̵ؽҩݽӹӻ
ʵҩҲǵòģΪͬʱħڵҲˡˮħڵĺ٣ǺҸֻƴһУͱˣ
ߣ⺮̫ɶŮ˶֡´ĽһҪƾǵԪ󣬺úýѵһɣʱһŻŮӣһԼг
ˮƳһۣȴǳĹ˹ӣЦǺٲͨɫ̫СʱҲ˿ǡ
ͫһ˶˵ˣǺŮҲͣһգգؿˮ
ڵϦ֮ʱһ˳ˣһ֣ͽʹǺٲԽ׳һѾˣǺٻǲ̤һ˻ȥ
˵ˮЩ磬ƺֻյΣܵõƷҩҲָҵġħڵˣ
˻
һ˱˴˶һۣĪԡ
ħڵˣôԵ޹ʰأ
ŮգգƯĴ۾һЦʦ㣬ǸħͷǲǿˣҪ˫ްɲϵħǽƻ
Ƥ΢΢һˮҡҡԴȴɵһʧ䣬ĳҩȷȴҵģǡ
˵ţˮֿǵķ򣬵Ҵʦõ⣬ȻͰҩĸˡ
Ƥ΢΢һǼڵ
ǲڣúòãˮһһش
һƬ磬Ǹæټʵʲô֣
Ҳ֪Ҳû˵¡ĸվ٪壬Ϊ׿ܼҡ

ˮû˵꣬΢΢ϲԭҲ紺ѩڻһ㣬ſĻգҡ
Цţȴֹס¡
˿һУȫסˡһ˴ûλŮչ¶ЦգΣȴ¶΢Ц
ǣҲûϾȻ˿˾춯ءǲЦȻǣչջЦǰٻ߲ѣ޹⡣
ڳ˿ãסˡ
Ǹ˾ʲôˣȻʦֻ֣Ҹӣݺȭͷͫ΢΢˶ɢŨŨļ֮ɫ
ˮҲǿЦҡҡͷ׿׻ţȴҲ¶һ˿Ȼ΢Ц૳ħĵĴħͷ


525 ޳

žİҹµգ΢棬׿ضԼոŵǸС˫ͷһɫĻ棬ȼա
ףһʼ֪кã㣬ŷ֣
ʱ˿̣ԴԪԪ񾫴ǿȶڷһ
ǣڴʱһȴأȻĶڣ̲סüͷһ壬ϵ׵ʱϨȥ
׿׿ˡһϵ𣬲һĹ򣬵һƿԬżæŵ˽˵׿ȥ
׿һ㶣ԣԬϣʲôˣô
֪λټ۵Ӽϣ뾡ȥҪˣСԬϲ˶ӣɢž֮ɫ
׿һӲ⣺λˣ۷ǹ𣿡
ˣֻϵĹ¶ѣﶼǿΪ㿴͹ǾΪܳưôԬһ׿Сܣһ߿Цҡͷ
׿ȻҲеͷ߰ȴ˿ģǿѹͷߣֻΪǿˡܽͱƵĳħǵͷߣǵͷϣҲø׳Ƴߺߺߡ
һЦ׿ÿɷԬϵһ·Сܸȥˡ
ܿ죬Ƭ۷һڿɽŵλϣһһ˴Сĺڶңңȥס
ɢɢ˷ˣ½½档
Ԭһɴ󼱣Ĵȵѽˣôˣ˿϶ȥˣˣ
ⲻôֲһüͷһ׿ÿɷ
ԬȴǿЦҡҡͷǿһ㣬ǰҲٵð
˵ţ㼱׿Ｗȥ
һ붴Ѩ죬һŻɽһһſͨͨ첽ǰУһӺ󣬲ֿһƬĻ⡣
̧ȥǾڴɽ֮ڳһĴʮ﷽Բ˶վڴ룬֮ڣ̧ͷǰ̨ϣվŵˡ
֮һŮӣһȴһֻϺɫЫͼ˫Ŀ֮ɢ֮ɫȫǿ¶һλǿߡ
һˣǸĴ󺺣һϮۣʱʱЦɢƣ׿Ҳжϳһصĸ֣
벻۷ҲǲԻ׿΢΢ͷЦ
Ԭ΢΢׿ӣСǰŵӣ˴۷ģⱲˡƢ̫ãòҪǡ˵㱳λִչˣǱҲгϱӣǧ
ԬͷΪλֹʲôأʱһĴ̧ȥȴǸ̨ǸɷĴ󺺡
Ԭͷһӣ׿ٵ˸ɫһ·Сܵ˸̨Цλ˱Ǹˣˡ
ߣ϶Ҫǿ϶һֱɲϣʲúܣӿ϶ϼһȽԽԽˣݺݵһۣǴ
ԬͷЦлǴ˲ɱ֮ǺǺǡ
ˣѻҪˣݺݵһֵۣϲģͷϼһӶӹ
ǰǰǺǺǡԬһֱͷһֽ࣬һݸ˿ǡ
ùϸ˿ǿʼһһ
ǵܴڳÿ˵Ķ䶼ۣƺĹÿһ󣬶æһ¶ˣŭǣ
˶һһϣǽᷭ׼ϰԵغʱȴǺüͷһ壬׳׿
ڣ׿֣ÿɷ
ؿһۣȴЦٺٺ١ȻģǾ͵ȸˡ
ү飡ȻʱԬȴǼڰֹ֣ˣүλүλִŵģǧҪտҪĻû
һЦ˿ܣ˫ȭͷԴ죺ߣִΣӱɻǳء͵Ĺأ
үβһλִ¶λǿصúܣҪȥǶֹ룬ĳϣں𣿡йµµתԬСѡ
Ӳɵһͣϸ˼
ǶǱˣǰʦԼûǰ;ҲٹˣΨһĺôҲʱȥǰĵطݼһʦһЩСݡ
ҪʦΪͷȴҲˡ
λִ¶׿˿أϧðŶײķգȥĻʲôӣҲǾҪͷġ
ɲִ°
ǣȻС˱أһ򵥣ΪʱŮؿ׿һۣҲѵ
΢΢˵ͷһǷȭͷ
ûҪΪһǣһȺ۷䰡
ţ΢ɫٴӽдϣΪģֻΪһ¡죬޳ٴοֻʤ߲ܴ߳ȥ
ʲô
ȻһʧɫʲôЦ޳һڲŸոչȥ꣬ᡭ
мһĵ꣬ǰ꣬ʵһֻǿ߲ܻʧߣֻΪϹ׸šڣɽڣһ죬㿪ʼɱһֹͣͣ𣿡
һ˸ӻǿһ׼ûа
ǻΪ˴μʲô鰲ţλҪˣǺø׼һû뵽Ȼǿ޳
ڵӵϣֲ
Ԭϼ׿һۣҲǴ󼱣ү׿ģû޳Ĳпᣬܷͨһ£μˣ
ߣؾǹء㿴ִµϣӲ鷳޳ÿ۵ӶҪصĹأأԺηڣһǶȻܾ
Ůؿ׿һۣĳԬͷҲ̫żСΪȺ۵ǿˣһܻģ
Ƴ׿һۣҲ΢΢ͷ
ǲǲ˼׿ִ£ֻ֪һû£ϵġ
ͨһ㣬ԬҲ΢΢ͷ˿
ɲ飻ޣǣӲ̸ȶ
ͻȻһȶȻȺ֮кһˣȻָ̨϶ˣΪҲ֪ŸûҪռϡŵűԣϾҪʼˡֻΪǵáռ϶ѣٹ˽ҪȥŸһ״
䣬˱ڿշ˲ȥһصĸ֡
龰ǲһЦͫͻȻһһɫ㶸Ȼ˳ȥһԴһʹһѪʱ˹ȥ˵ϡ
һȫսս
׿ҲƤ΢΢һ°˼
ԪԪȴΪԵӦǸйءʲôаŽԪ
תٿڳһۣ׿ȻôϣѹˡԺûʲôô
һǵľ⣬׿ʧЦҡҡͷ
ڴʱһ췢ǿԵͭӣˣ޳ӳߣɱۡ


526 ħ
һľ˶쳣ؿܣȴҲ֡Ҷô۵Сۣվԭأű˵Ķͷϸܵĺˮ

ͻȻһ죬һ͹ǰص˲䱻ɳȥʱûϢ˲ʧɫ̧ȥȴؿ·̧һֻƻ¡
ǲֵĻӾǶֱ֣ɱΪֹ˭ôùǿɾͲһˣһЦ˵ľâ
ལ
̲סһĭ˵оٿΧʱ˫ĿȻĺâ

һȣ֪˭óħΧ˿ȥҲȫȫƴţɱ
һʱ䣬źһƬѪ׷ɣӿÿ䡣ոջͨɽ˲Ⱦһ޵Ѫɫȳ
һ߾ʬ׷׵£ûоţҲû⣬ֻп־ͷŵĸ֮ɫ
׿ؿһУˣڼȿ־³ֵķҲһʼɱΪԼţģɱУȻ֪ǾΪĿġ
Ϊһ̣˲бķΧУеħѾȫǣǾľż㲻ͣɱȥһƬãȻֻ˷ܣ
⣬޳ÿһ˶Ϊħûһ˴ڵ޳
ݣ
ͻȻһƿ죬һظȻɱۣȻʧȥж׿ظֳȫ
׿վ쳣ƽ˳嵽ǰʱһ֣ĵùǶϽۣ˲ûϢ
ʬ䵽ϺлɢĪķЦ⡣
׿׿һۣҡҡͷвϲֻһƬƽ
׿һֱǻҵĳվţһƺԵɱ¾һϵûƵġֻһЩɱ۵ˣ֪ܵŻֽ
⣬κ¡
ͬһڱвĽʯΧκˣȴôض˿ûƶӰ졣
һȴΪ˳۵Ĵڣ
Сô£üͷ΢΢һ壬һָ׿Ѫ棬ӶЩ˷ˣҪȥɱķôСһ²ؼӣ֮޳һ룡
Ҳǳ￴ȥüͷ΢΢壬ɵСӵȷŹ֣˿ħߣһ߶龳֮£ʿҲɱˣ
ĸְ
вһԬḧ룬׿ӰһƬ䣬ĳÿﶼħħˣҪ֮ħѰֻħ֮ħţһɱ¾󣬱ᱻħأٵһȻħ֮Ϊħڿħħڿ
˿Ԭһ̾벻ССͣΪδóɴǰ;ʵڲ
Ԭϵ֮ɫǺ鿴ȴȻǴסˡ
ϼһʲôʱˣ˵Ļһ㶼
Ԭͷûɣɻգգ۾ǽԬϣɵ
һԬֿ˶һۣ̲סʧЦǺǺǡижλ⣬Ҿ˵׿һˣλպһҪúչ˲ǣ

ݺһԬϵԴǴװ˰ƣǻǹôһʲô
ǺǺǡǰǰԺҲˣЦŵ˵ͷԬһࡣ
Ƕ˼ˣһۣʼ硣
ͷʵôװõģȻ˵ͳͰǸסˡ
ѹ˵϶Ϊ϶Ȼɾˡ
ʱ޳ĺɱɾ춯أ׿ҲǰһȻֻôؿţʱֽԱߵ㴦ˡ
ǿ·ݱսòˣ̧ͭӣĴ졣
ûãڳ˶Ѿħɱۣȫͣ
ûа취Ǻ˴˶һۣЦһŭȶȫס֣
صľ޺ɽвͣصɽں¡¡ĲǿԪźֱ˶ڣʱԴһʹ׷׵ز
һȻ˶Ʒɱ¾Ҳʱͣ
ŵ˱ԴһƬڵϴ˵ˣԶѪУ˫ͫĿ¶âȴȻû˰Ϣ
ɨۿһȦһԵһۣص˵ͷЩϣˣ
ҲȻͷѵõػЦݡ
ʱЦز쿴սȴǶȻ˫ͫһ¶˾֮ɫ
ôˣǣüͷһɻؿ
û˵ǵͫ˶ֱָ̧ǰ
ϺɣָȥȴҲ䲻һ¶˾֮ɫ
׿ɾվţʱܿ˵ȻԵã
ܣǶ˺ħ꣬ôһ¶ûУ̲ͫס鲻˼
ؿһۣ˼²ֻǸضѣԪܳܵסҶ˵塣ΨһĿܣбԪħ
ԣҲ΢΢ͷΪȻ
˵ˣһˣλúúտǣʱԬٴγû
˴˶һۣ˵˼Σ΢΢ͷ
ܹԪħɲһܹóĶСֻضѣȻֺǱ
һʱ䣬˿׿Ŀ⣬ӿˡ
֪׿̥ԪǿһոֵԪǿȶȲ
ڱǺǡаȻڣŶΣȴ˿κչˡ˵еûˡ
ֻ׿̫֮࣬ÿһˣɵñס˶ѡ
ȿȿȡ
һٴؿ׿һۺ󣬱ɨڳڣȵϲλ˴޳еڸλԻȥˣ컹񣬵Ÿλأ
˵գǺ˽ЩʬѼ뿪ˡ
ˣΪѲҲ׷Ȼȥֻ׿һУȴЦȺһũȦʲô𣿡
ڣǻһ΢΢˶ԬϲЦһԣʧӰ̾˽ħƴĻ㲻ɹûɵã۷طҲͲˡǣŸһ·ֻҪǿĵز߳Ϊִ¡ƴɱгһճͷأȴóȫ۷ڡ
˵ŰǵԼģԼһȦԬЦҡҡͷһм֮ɫҲͦãǿΪ𣬼ȦڣֻҪǿܳȥʣµˣߣʤ̭˻ã
ԣ׿Ȼͷ
زʣΪۻħڸˡ
۷޵ŵϵȡ֮أǿɱ֮Ҫ龳¶߳ȥĻǾĴţʯ
۷ħڣҪһ
ң䱾û֣еֻ۷ȴһѵαµСء
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һԬ˼ΣŻعζȻһЦ׿ǧᣬȻҲǸֱģ
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Ŷγԣһ㶣׿ɻ
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ǷǶԹʲôԣֻǿְ֮ˣ˰֣ԬϳƺӹһһΣ֮ԿϷ֣ȫΪ׼ıǳԺֽţɾҪˣ
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׿׿˿ԼӣҲ֪֮ҡҡԴ˿ԣɨ䣬ûǸ͡
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ͿԼˣ֮Ҫȫˣ֤Ƕ˶Ȳ۷ˣص˵ϱڵĻҳаɫĮУڱǰڲԣƨƨģһξ棬´ξûôˣ𣿡
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ʲôѰܵģֲ׷Ĺüͷ΢΢һ壬ִŭһ˦˦ӡ

糿ĺһ㣬ͿǶ˲סˣ˴˶һۣɵɵػ࿴ţֱġ
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Цһִ￴ǵ˼Ц±˵ǲţҸô꣬ϷľϡǣǸ׿۵ӣ˭ң˭СӴɨϷҪͲ
ִ´˻ɱȻԶԶеӶС
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ס죬ȥɨԷȻ׿ȥѵ㲻֪Էɾḻϵȥɨһģëëţ񲻴Ȼ۸ˣ۵ŭﲻ⣬ȥɣ

Ÿûü⣬Ǳ֯һֵͷϣŲɷ˵һƻ
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ҲһͷҡҡԴ°̾ڵҪ
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۾΢΢һУݵ׿һۣǿνӣȴس̾һ࿴˿ǿЦҡҡԴ
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أͬʱִͣŭĿһߵ׿ͬ
һ׿мƲƲ죬Ȼغ˼
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׿Ȼᣬȴ쳣̶˶Уö˵ʱ֪ͣα粵
պ¶󣬱˴˶һۣ΢΢˵Դ׿Ļ˵Ű裬ȴǲòŷ
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Σٴδص档׿ȴǲмƲƲ죬Цǳ֮似֮ּ䲻似ģ˴ݣľԵͨϣΪ似Ķ򣬴֮רע䣬ȴ᱾ĩЦ֮
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ʱ䣬˽Դһͷ£η϶ͷǵݣҲֹסҡͷ
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ħںɽ԰֮ءǰǿʵڴˣ೤ɢɽ֮࣬󣬷ড
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׿һֻɨѣɾվԭأǻһĳЦ֪˰ɣ޳û𵹣ΪʲôػԪħӵԪ֮ϡңǶԪһҲֲҵԪǿȣ
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ڶ׼Ҫȥ쿴¶ͿյʱԬϰŸСķ֮УȴسһϤӰ
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Ķ¶͸ն̨ϣͻⷴɣǲֽţ۾΢΢УźĶ˫ͫ
мЦһĶÿɷ񣺡ϣʦúγԣΪ˰Сһܹ˳ͨŴȣʦҿǾľˡǶ˴˵״ʦȴʦͷϣѵͲʦĺ𣿡
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Ҳף¶ִ֮ˣ˵֣Ѿѵˡƽʱ֪ԼˣҲ֪첻ϵġ
Ͽϴ⣬öԲס׿ô˼Һĳ־ǣȴһ˦ȥ˭˭Ҳο׿ˣ
ȻҪ棡
һЦ׿˿¶һۣǺǺǡ¶˸ңǸ֮ҿɲҽɡҾ¶һԾǹľˣƮƮȻ̲ס˹֣ȴʵռ˴ˣղž㱻˦һƣҲӦá㻥Ƿˣ˵ڹУΪ»ɵ˱ˣҲ˵أ
ֵ֣Ǯĺģ׿ǻа컡ȣڿ֮ԡ
¶󣬲ƣж˳졣һԿãȴǿЦ
ò׸λǰӣڵãְλˡڣλѾ¶ҲˡֻҪλ˲ټƽϴ£¶ػţȻգҲǼõġ
ƺ˼׿ЦתǣһӱӸһƿ
һһ⡣
Цһ׿򿪿ʲô
зźɣοƿȴͫ͵һ˫Ӷ˳ͬʱڵˣɵõһһС඼ÿҪɤ۶ˡ
ʮƷ鵤
ǳŨ㣬뾪
ǻһа컡ȣ׿ȻͷʮƷ鵤ͨ쵤ʵСƼأȻ𼰽ȻκãҲֻǴָܹΪѡǽ覴ãҪͻƣȴǲˡӰͨ쵤£Կǿء󼴱һ·ͻƵ龳ˣ
ʲôд˵Ⱥ£̲ס𣬿漤֮ɫ׿ķ򣬶֪˵ʲôˡ
ãż´һ׿ڵأݺݿͷһ߿ģǻһ߽ѵŶӣлл׿壬СӸҼסˣӽеǰ;׿ģ
л׿壬л׿塭ȻףҲ֪Ǵݣ̲סͷлЦ˻
˴øѪΪˣ׿ĸ˳֣һʮƷ鵤
ֱϵڱţ˭ùʮƷ鵤
鿴һУȴȻȫɵˣת׿׿ʱǿɬ֮ζ
ô׿ܼңԭƣû갡
ǰںôʹһ˰ɣ
üͷ΢΢һ׿һɪؿǿ࣬һ󳩿졣
Ѿжĥɱ¿Ӳţߺߡ


542 Ը
ࣣ
һʲôһ㣬ھĴĿգ΢΢ȫƶشŶӿȡ
ԭصΪҲʱ̤صż
۾һ֮ɫ׿Уֻ޾ĸмʵû뵽ĶֻǸոշ˵ҩЩͻˡ
Ҳԣͨ쵤ʮƷ鵤˵ʵģ˳ЩΪҲʵʮƷͷˡ
³һջ˫һһأ˫Ŀ֮
ţ˵´ٴ׿ڵأóϷؿͷ
ҲǰױĵģȴԵظмݷˡֻзʮƷ鵤֪ʲô̥ǡ
ʱ˿ֻ̧̣ͶһܸеߵӿڣȫµĽ籼󺣰࣬˵泩
ֻһΪǽؿ͵ȴֱǰʵʮֹĸо
ģһĸоⱲӣҲֻܸһˡ
˵ͷȴǿĵֵ̫ˡҲһЦ洺⣡
׿̧̧ƤƳƳɵˣ˵ˡҲҪصǺɽ԰ˡ
˵ţ׿Ҫ뿪һȴǸæȵȣ׿ܼң¶ء֣Ժֹֻ˰

üͷ΢΢һ׿бһۣ˵ģѾȻھȵʲô̶ȣͿˡӺܲˬˣ
һ䣬׿˻䣬ŭһ̧ȥ
һ̱ڵأǾ֮ɫ̧ؿһԵԬһۣϣԼ䡣
ԬȴҲֻܳ̾ҡҡͷʾΪ
Ϊ൱׿ĸֳɽһ١ҲֻһΣСĵİա
˴ǵŭˣǻٴγ֣ȴǧˡ
ħĹ龰Цɷֻ˵ˣ׿ܼ۶Сģǻҵ˼ңڳԱ˰ɣ
鲻ЦһʧҡҡԴ
ȵȣ
ͻȻһ׿ǰеĲ΢΢һͣȴǲûл¶ؿ׿ͦεıӰɷһ˿ǿȣллҡУǸҲٳְҡܹڳΪһˣҾѾˡš
׿û˵ɫɵĮפΣȻͷҲص˳ȥ˲ʧӰƺȫû¶ĻС
ħĹǼЦ
ɵѾͷ˵ĵĻô˵˰죬׿ܼˡ
Ǹӿ¶Ҳ̾͸ǽԼǾǿı飬Цѡ
Լֱ̫ʲôʱܷ
ȫһ̾Ϊ¶ô̥ǣΪĴûϧֻħĹһֱһԣ󳳴֣
Ǻܿ죬˱һͣͣȻ˴˻࿴˿ЩɻԴ
˵ϴǲ˵ʲôüͷɻ
ΪȻصͷɷҲüͷǰҲ©˵ʲôոҪţ
ˣ׿ܼңҪһҸôƾʲôЩϼһ˽ǾûУĹ룬Ȼ
һȫȻص˵ͷ
ǾͶˣ£׿ܼͨ쵤šˣɷԴЦǺܿһͣһۣ뾪е԰ͨ쵤
ৣ
أȻ䣬ɷһ˿ǰĲӴͨ쵤ǵͨ쵤Сӣ³
Ҳ׷ǰץӣС
λִ£ס֣ǻģһɴ󼱣æֹȴǲ֪źá
ħĹʵ̫ǿǼǣƷַӾͱɵŲ˦ء
ҲǱ첱Ӵֹ֣޿æǵҩ׿͸ҵģȥĻ³˵һŵҩҲǷְ⹤ǻȥ׿ּŸá
أһͣ˴˶һۣ׷׵ͷ԰
Ǻ˲ٶϻһ̤˲仯ΪĹɺ̷˳ȥ׿ȥķ׷ϣգ۲Ӱ
Ĺʧķ򣬷ڵ˻࿴˿̲סĨһѶͷ亹
ĸСûзִ磬嶯ţӻ⣬ʵĿŶʱըһ𣬼ֱ൱ڽԼԴڿһ
治֪׿ܼңѱǵģ˰
ħĹ׷ȥ󣬲ûнԶȻ׿ӰһĴ¾վš
۾һĹ׷׸£˲ߡ
˵׿һ̣ĸڸˣ
ף׿ܼҺרڵǰһ㶣ɷЦһ
΢΢˵ͷ׿оڣ·ѿһУЦǺǺǡĸС˼һܲ˽𣿾ڸոǿҾСҪҩôʱҾ֪ڵҵĵҩˡ
ৣ
һӣһɫĹâȻȥɷ̧һӣֻһɫСƿС
ȻսûгϾҵˣǸõõĺôҲٸǣ׿˫ֻǰڴߣȻƿĿͨ쵤Ƿ˰ɣ
һЦɷ˼ԴȻ޳ܵؽƿװԼָڣٺٺ١׿ܼһ죬Ȼǰ;ȻħڣֵԸ׿ܼհ
ûҲǶͷȻһŭؿɷϴ׿ܼҸո˵ǰѵҩˣộܶó
ͫһɷԴֱ׳ϴôҪĲӦýͳһܣ
ƨһŭȳ˫ȭ߬ƺҪɼˡ
׿æڰֹ֣ǣҪηⵤҩȥԺٿŰ졣ڣȥ
ʲô£׿ܼԸһȭĹʱûǰĳ̬֮쳣
оһ׿ִֻ£ڻܵҲѴųӦܹ֪̽һЩŶԡҺúò̽κη紵ݶұǣעһ£ǲÿǺˣطŵĴ㣿
׿ܼΪô˵Ҫ֪۷Ĵ֮ˣǺѷġ£궼һأüͷһɷɻ
Цһ׿˵Ķȥ۷ƿǺˣѵΪıó֮ȥɪһ𣿿֮ⲻھƣСҪԸģϵġ֮ǰҶһ°ɣطţֲòа˵ŽҵĻǾҹŵ֧ìˣ
˫ͫһħĹ˴˶һۣ뱧ȭ


543 
պ¶ͿٴλسŴȵ̨ΧҪϣطš
ⲻڳ˶һһضŶߣǲ֮ɫ
Ƕ˵жأ˿Ƕһģż칤ǾȻȬˡңջͻһΪ
̸ܣǳɵ˰ָô죿
ңЩ϶ŵǣСȫʵ˲ָˣûһ֮״
ǰ˼֮
Ե󲡳СƺˣɫҲûɻָô찡ʵչҲ
˼ȻѾǹʧķûȻٱ۷ˡ
Ǻڳֶ̽ã׼ǻعŵҪ
һ棬ĶŤȵĽһС鲽һͤȥɽˮŪ٣òš
һ㴫ȥһһ⡭
ʦ֣ˣˡ
ٵĸO@ԽԽĶһߣϻǾ֮ɫ
ˣ
Ȼֹ񻺻ҡҡͷ̾Ķ˾ţѵ˲ɣ
쵹ûǸոշһ飬ȴǱݻ죡ҡҡͷĶʧЦ
ŶǺ£Ķʦ㶼˲ˣüͷһɻ
һ󣬺ĶЦһҡҡԴʦ֣¹˵㶼šСѾȫŻعأ
ʲôüͷ̲סһ񲻿˼ôܣϣô˶̵ʱڣͻָǸָܻİ
˵ľôҲ˵ѽ̲סһĴȣĶҲǳüнã֮ɫ
۾΢΢һУͤ˼˼һȵܣǿһ顣һǵõܴ漣ġǣǺ˳ֵأ룬ڳϣҲû¡еĹ͵ģҲǷëǡ
ңǸ൱֮󰡣ĸΪСѹ׵ıѪóأ¿ǾʦʦҲܵģоһһһŲſ
֪Ź᲻óʮƷ鵤׿ȴҪǮһ
۷ڲһֻˣȴȫ֪
Ļ۷żÿһƶᱻʱȥ۷ȵ˲ˡ
üͷĶĳʦ֣СΣȥ۷Уȴһε¡ֻǲ֪Сûйϵ
ʲô£񼱼
ĶС죬Ǻˣһ㣬ǰǷȥɨɽ԰׿ȥСʱ˵ӣ˶ݡûã׿ֱ򷢻԰ɨˣСҲ˲תˣ֪мʲôϵ
׿üͷһΣ˼
Ķ̲ס²᲻׿֮ˣ
ܣ׿ڣûи֮ˣ˰֣쳣ᶨ
һĶ̲סгʲô׿ûиǶ𣿡
ǺǺǡĶ棬ԼϹµİˣ
ЦҡҡԴ̾Ѿʦæˣ׿ڣκһϡϽѹǸ
ǼȻˣΪҪպأһ㶣Ķɻ
ҡҡͷҲǲ֪ԣĻԴȣǾͲҪϹˡСǱʺãϧδ꣬۷һ㡣ϾҶ֪ǸѪɣԼӲһ㣬Ҳ⣡
ոջ˵ҪҴ˼ڲҲҴ𣿡ĵذһۣĶɳЦ
ЦŵͷܿɫȻȻ֪СǲԿ϶ǣСáˣǺпвǵĵλ
ʦ֣˵Ƥ̲סһĶ˸ĨӵƣϽǾ졣
Ȼͷһĺâ
üͷһĶΣǵǣȻǶˣϾţպӣôҪǲĻ
ģһǿӲǿЩСӵǱʣ۷ĵطܱĻҲԲϧһһߣûʸӣһЦвɱ⡣
ĶȻͷأ¶һĵЦݣȻˣСӾͽĶȥɡ׿ΪľԪһǰǶ棬Ҷڿ޹˼ˣ
ʦãСãɲҪ̫̰ŶıǿǶץסΣŸһ״ɾ鷳ˣһ֣аЦ
νذڰ֣Ķ˸ۣЦİɣʦ֣ʦзִ磬̰µģ
һЦУĶŤ˵СǳˡȵıӰҲ¶˵Цݡ
֪׼ҪȥǵǸʱɳԵС⣬ʵ˶ɵ;ޡ
ͺĶ߳һǸԼһķĹνͲ㡭

ɽ԰󣬺Х׿һ˶ɽ֮Уȫƣһеĺڶ·ǰȫڣ˲ʧ
ˡ
һܵ׿Ӷǻһ˿Щ˷ܵЦ⡣ףҪͻصףֻһ㣬һ̨ˡ
ž
ȻڴʱһŲ֦췢׿̲סüͷһ°ŭ
̸ܣ˭ôۣҪͻƵĹؼʱӣ
ûа취׿ֻٴվԶԶȥȴһΪ˵Ӱ
δѵǹĵֱκ̲סҪһ㡣
׿ľᶨߣʱҲһЩĸо
ϣ׿ʦܣղҿɷ˰ĶŤƨɶأһŤһŤ׿ˡ
Ǹ˼ˣ̲סˮֱǧߣ޲ΪΪݴˮ⵹ǺĶò춯أʵǹɧκ˶ܲˡ
׿Ҳһʱ˿Ҳ̲סĨһѣȫˮգȴЦ
ߺߣӣͷ˭Ű
ǰ㵱ûһĿˡڣı
ٺٺ١ΪµӾСһԸ˰ɡߺߣҶˣ
ͷɢźâɭݣ׿з˵ĹâͬһͷޣڵԼһ


544 ɷ
ȵٻӰһӽǰĶ˿ؿ׿һۣŻܣüͷرӶѽѽʲôطܴĵط𣿿һҲǣôܰѵܵŵֵطأ
ǺǺǡʦˣҾطͦãû£ǻЦݣ׿ÿɷЦһ
ŭذһۣĶ죬ԹʦԼ㲻ӣҿ۵Ľģ
˵ţĶһֱöԼؿڣ׿ʱһΡ
²ЦһĶŭʦܣھȥһú˵˵ȥϰлȥ㷢䵽ôطշ紵һͷ׷øӿˣʵýϧ˰
û˵꣬Ķǽ֣ḧ׿ͷ˿Ǹתա
ˮһϵĻۣ׿΢΢һŰƤ󼦵Ϲ㣬۰𪣬׿Ҳ̲סһ
ǻһĵЦݣĶ׿Ȼףǰһ㣬ײĻУʱе࣬ӣȾϼ
Ķʦ㣬㡭Ǹʲôݺգգ۾׿£ͷƵġ
ЦһĶЦɵ㿴ô࣬˿Ҫúϧһ𣿡
ϧôϧüͷһ׿¶˹Цݡ
ĵذһۣĶᴷţ֪ʣ㶼׵رʾˣѵҪװɵ𣿡
䣬Ķۣˮ߰㣬ز׿Ĳ׿̲סһ֪ôˡ
ţĶЦһԸе촽׿Ĳ
̣
紥һ㣬׿̲סһ𣬺һ㡭ǳ磬£ʱͲ֪룬˫ֶ֪÷
⸱ģĶЦǸǷ˵Цݡ
ԸС⣬һֵ
ĶƬ׿Ĳһ·šһλʤԵأҡ
ʱ˿̣׿ȴɵһֱֻܽ壬ƾΪΪ䶯еֹ
ͬһֻĸϻ˵һֻСŰһ㣬׿ֻС򣬺޷֮гûˡ
ߣаɡ
ڣ۵촽׿ᱡ˫֮䡣
ʦʦ㡭
׿Ҫ˵ȴѹ˿춯
۾΢΢һУĶˣ²Цһ˫Ŀ֮жһĺâ
Сӣȥɣ
һȣĶȫ͵شǡ
ʱ䣬һ뵵شӺĶɢ׿һŵʱһҲܶˡ
ΣĲܶǰԡ
΢΢һ֣Ķ¶һ˿Цݣͷһ㣬׿һʱͶԷΰһ
һ̣ȫаȵķۺâţ׿ԼѪӿеľԪϵϳ壬ƺҪԷ˹ȥһݣһС
ԭĶǹרԪоΪãѹɧȥˣ
˵ԪԪУ֮Ϊ⾫ԪΪ˵Ԫһ¥ĵػû˾Ԫ޷ۼ
߼Ҳ治סԪ
û˾Ԫ͵Ϊϣֱ
⾫ԪǴ֮ԪԪŮԪԪǴкʹ֮쾫ԪδйǴ󲹡
ԣв֮
ĶȻò֮ϧ׿ɲߣͿɲ

˫ͫ͵һɣ׿²ɴһħ󻯾
ৣ
أȻ䣬һŨŨĺ͵׿ȫ²ӿһڵѪҲʱƽңĶµԶأҲһ̣׿ͨͨٴܹ
īڵ·޾ĺڶǰȾ˲ʱ㽫ĶӰȾһҹյɫ
̲ͫסĶոջһԵõЦݣر㽩ϣͬʱ˫֮еľ֣ԽԽ
ô£ΪҲܲڵԪԪһһɸǿڲϽҵ壬Ҹס
Сӣʲô
еľڲϷŴ󣬺Ķ¾У̾С롣
ϧǣȨѾˣѾɹһֻ˲¹ͷ޵Ұ˳λãʱת
˻
һ׿һаĻȣĶϵڣϴϳ룬׿ﱼӿȥ
Ȼ䣬ĶʱеԼȫԪڲܿƵԷӿȥɴʧɫ
𡭡𡭡
˫ۣݺݵ׿ţĶ澪֣Ҫ׿룬ħϧ׿ϵûô׺ѡ
ңںĶԪڲʧӸȴԽԽҪ͸ˡ
ԼϢٶʧţĶ޳ˡ
Ǻ֣Լö˶˵ģҪôֵСӡʲôСⰡﶼ챻˳Եùͷʣˡ
ҪһһεĻĻ֤ҲСˣ̫ˡ
׿ܼҡͻȻһĴ𣬽ȴȻֹͣ˺
һбȥȴĸˣǿǸӺˡ
ĶǵΪ˵ȴϲ޲øߺң
νͶҽںĶѾǵѣֻҪˣǼõİ
˿˲ȵӣȴеˣϷ˹Ź֮ɫ
ô׿ܼɧǲǣʱ
ˣ´׿ܼңŮ˲صˣǧ̫棬ҾһӰذ˰ݣǲɳ̾ɫЩΡ
Ҳɫ΢죬ÿɷ
֪ˣ׿ƿĶĶҲǽѣһҡ
ǻû̱׿ȴȻһ֣ݺץסĲ߸߾𣬶ɱؿ
ǱˣŮҾԪģûпһۣ׿
ˣ˲ŻȻԭǶʲô֮£Ůˡ֪׿ʵĿǺˣȴһ͵Цѡ
ͬʱ°ңҺǵʱû׿ʵ͸¶Ȼ˲ײ׿ǹϣ
ʱ˿̣ǶжĥѾˣ
Ķ׿һץŲӸ߾ţʱҲίҪ޳ˡ
֪Сز¶ֺα
ǻڵóӶ˰


545 
ĶŶԹòκ͵ġڣǵͷϡߺߺߣŰɣǺܵģ
һ׿һЦһ˦㽫Ķӷ˳ȥ
ͨһĶصˤڵϣһ԰ף׿ҲǾ֮ɫ
˻֣׿ɣ˿һ²ʹ˵ģǿɶҪӺúõţǵĿͷԣ
²һݣĶûٶһֻǾؿ׿һۣһһŽŲܿûӰӡ
ڿҲһһˣֻ׿µݿ־壬ʵ̫޴
Сģ˭֪ͷ׵׵Ĵǰ
ңźĶӰӴʧǺ˴˶һۣ΢΢һȥ׷ǿ׿ݣַ㡣
ħڴŵǣȻ֪ʲôǿΪĵ׿ڳĵطֲȻ׿˵Ǻӣٳ֣ǵλү
˼ֻܾʹҷŹˡ
бƳƳǣ׿ͷƵǻ㶮£֪ӡҲǾԼڿûҪΪ˳һʱ֮ϼ˻عŵĻᣡ
ʲôӲһ𣬶˱˴˶һۣعţ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿ûħĹǴ̽һ£۷Ĺǰ﹩ϵȷа˼ҪȻĻǺĶΪλڶԸС󣬻Ȼƣǣׯ轣湫
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ǺһȻͬʱҲЩҸոûгܻ֡طţʱĻǣֺαԴʱ֣֮ϼͬھأ
һʵ̫㣬ˣ
׿ܼңոΪҪһûɵأʱЩɻ㱾Ǵ֮ˣ۷ӡɱҲǵӼŹ˵ʹͿۣפҲһ
ЦҡҡԴ׿һǵľ⣬ÿɷ£۷ɱ»˽ǣˣҲпܻزȥˣԸңһ㣬ʺҵ
²һݣǶؿ׿һۣȴһã
ѵУʲôĵɽ
ɻ׿ʧЦһٶԣҲ֪ϲ˴İ
ˣңΪ£˫ǰһһɨ׿֪ʵ
һƺżԼĿģ׿ܼңǴ˴ǰΪ¶¡
˵ˣ˵ٳ֣һپˣ˭鶼һ黰δ˵꣬׿Ǳתȥնһ㣬ҺԬϾ̸ħ۵˽⡣ѵû֣ûһ𣿡
ɫһ࣬鲻ɰ̾һ΢΢˵ͷ
ҪԬһģͷƺϣ˵ҲǰһȻˡ
׿۱ɫ£˿ˣ
˴˶һۣ˽ǳ̾һΡ
Ȼڴʱ׿ȴ΢΢һ̣ҲʱҸպȥ죡
׿ܼҶСо֮ʲôԸǼʹҲǣǸæһȭ֣س
˱ȭȴɺƺЩ£ô
ﰵЦһ׿ԼȫãԼĸжȻҲʹۿۡ
һУ׿Ϊ֮Ϊľǽ֮£
ҲҪΪҰκ££ҪСȥģ˻䣬׿Ȼ
һ㶣һ󲻽⣬ʲô£Ҫȥ죬Ƕˣ
ǻһаĻȣ׿ǰȥԸһˣ
˭
Ķ
ʲô
һ˼ֱԼĶ䣬׿ȻСȥԸĶظ֣
Ȳ˵Сܷ񣬵ǸոպĶСţˡȴСȥԸ«﾿ʲôҩ
ϵеɻ׿ЦһÿɷҡҡͷǶԸĶֲǴʱ˿̣º˵ʱŴĻŴȾҪʼˡĿ֮£ŵӵݣŵӣ˶ѣ
ôܣ
һŵѡŵĵӣŴг֮ˡңڣȫܹͻվ硣ǺĶظ֣ٮٮߣѡӢӣҲпܡСޣվûͻƣôܶԸ׿ܼǼǺǵĻԸִͣԽ׿ܼж
ָƨҪɱԼ֣´ࡣڣӾҪŴȵĿ£һȺСܣۡòҪѰ֣ҾͲˣ׿һȵ
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׿ܼôʱĻʱȴСƢ뵽һһС̨ϴſǣǿɨأ˰ˡ£Сܹ
ǿɶվĵ
ǣ뷨ոðһ׿صΪʱˡ
ҲֻΪȴǿĸ۷һʵǸ⣬ѹ˼Ǹأ
ЦҡҡԴһΪѣ׿ܼң䲻˶ôصġСҪĶ֣ǵʮԺа
ϻ˵ҾСޣ˭ԸȥǿԸģԵ£֤ʵͻͽ
ٵ̣Ҳ˶̵ʱڣﵽؾΪɡôȥ𣿡̾ҡҡԴǿЦŴȣŵ̨սŵӿȨɱģ
Ҳ΢΢ͷͬǵ˵
ȥ۷У׿תĿ⿴պ¶ˣأ¶ӦΪ˸ʵػͨ쵤ƽúÿһ°ɣ
Σҡҡͷһ׿ǸؾһʾԼΪ
ѾȫҲˣõǰ;ǰأʵûҪȥðա
¶ȴǳΣͻзһ˿ᶨĹâݺݵ˵ͷãҴӦ㣡
ɵѾͷ㲻Ҫˣһɴ󼱣ŭȳ
¶ȴȻһЦ¶Цݣ㣬ȻڽҵΪ޷ͻƵ飬ǲں֪ĲиܹȫֶԸǵǸŮˣҾÿһԣ͵ûãҲڲ׸ˣ
ɵӣϹ˵㡭ǽ׸һ¶Դɤˡ
ʱ׿һǰһץ¶ãѡ¾͸ɣ
䣬¶һʧ
鲻ɴ󼱣Ĵ쿴ȴӰֻ׿ĴȣԶԶλºһỹһȫµ¶úõŰɣ


546 絶
ۣ
һɽ۵СͤžףĶӲɵһʯϣһѪ̲ס¶
ԭĵݣʱ˿̣ҲԵ쳣԰
ৣ
ƿ죬һɫӰȻǰȴǶʦɡ
Ķʱ֮ɴһʵĶʦãʲô£˵֮أĪǡԸǳСӵʱ򣬱Ƕ˷ˣû͵Ϯ㣿
õ˳֣ǳСӣǾѾ˰ҡͷЦһĶ汯ɫ겻Ȼôµɷͻزˣ
üͷһɻ֮ɫʦã㾿˵ʲôΪôһ㶼ף
ǺǺǡֹ㲻ףҲװֻСôͻȻɳ˲¹ͷɷأҪһ㣬СҲϸȥˣ¶һȿ޻ѿЦݣĶһҡͷ̾Ϣ
ţ㽫ȥԭԭظ
£¶𾪵ݣŵʲôСӵʵȻɲ⣬Զ֮ϣ
ǰҲᱻƵһܶ˿ĻᶼûһˣЦҡԴĶһ̾Ϣ
üͷСͤп֮ɫĵ׿ز¶Ļ¾͸ˡ⽫ţ޵ķʸСй֮ô䵽۷ȴЩˡʲôأ
ʦ֣ɱ
ת֪ڴʲô⣬Ķڰ֣СӲܶԸ˵ģǧˡΣѾӣǵĻƳԲ˶߰
ߣΣħڣһȣҲ㡣ֻЩĵǣ˲ڣǺδ㣬кοԾӢӵѡǲǻб䶯
оһ񶨶£ѾٿӼභˣҵøϽȥʦ𣬿˼δ
۾һĶɽеʯ
΢΢˵ͷ¶һ˿թ֮ɫ˼ȥ̽̽ڷ磬׿Ǹʲôλá޹صĻǵʦ棬ȻӢӵʦ֣ûдãôǾҪ۷ֹκιĿʵֻҪκδ繦Ǿһֱ
ĶȻͷǻϲЦݣܿüǣʵ֮ǿֻҪҵᣬųϹǰսŵʤ׾ͳͷˡѹҲѹסңº󣬾ŴȣΪв
ǺǺǡһ㣬ǴɲصģʱͿˣûʲô˵ģذڰ֣ÿɷ
üͷһĶ⡣
ȴЦһâʦãˣһǰ;١۷ˣһǴ֮ˡҪô۷Ҫô´󹦣ɻָԭݡǶˣ۷޳õ˹ǵͬžǵ״عšǻһˣǱ̭۵ӣ
۵ӱײĴڣŬʵŹۣҲУֻܰʵ빩ְ֮Ա֤ŵӣѵĸʡ׿ʵǿ۷ַǴ֮עײ۵ӵĳˡһ֤ʵҲǳϹѣ˾Ӣӣѡǡ
ʲôĶһʵ
˼˰ΣȴЦҡҡԴÿɷĶʦãȥˣǲܣеߵǬ֮ܣ֮ţȫϿɡĻڹ治ƣ벻˾Ӣеġ
˵󹩷ҲǴ۷߳ʵǿȫ֮ˣҲǹδܳΪڹ棬ǧŲɱ䣡
ĶȻͷȻЦȻ˵Ļ׿浲ǵ·ˣ
ֻǵģڣԵĲǵӣǸϲЩͷǣоһ˼أǾƲȣǵĸҲҪ˰
ؿһۣĶ˼΢΢ͷ
һ棬ںɽ԰ڲ֮˵һһռ䲨طһһŮӰȻȴ׿¶ˣ
磡
̲ס˶ӣ˸磬¶ʱеǣ˫ֽ˫ۣķнǽ֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ʲôططĹ죬Ȼܵв
صߣȻһӾܱ壬磬ɼҲѰƵء
ǻһЦݣ׿Ե¶Ȼ¶ڿʼ̡˵ʲô㶼հ죬ǰ·ٿʹ࣬ȥҲøȥң㣬Ѿ˽磬ԿǺΪֲˣ𣿡
֪ˣûй໰¶ֻǵͷɫɣžƺѽ֮ˡ
ؿһۣ׿ЦԴûʲôɻ𣿰ʣպʵЧȡ
ûУ¶ҡͷֻ֪а취ҽָԼ͹ˡ£Ҫ
ضƽݣ׿ƺ˵ʲôɵЦŵ˵ͷ૳ͺã
䣬׿Ȼ־һǰ͵һָ֮أ츮֮ţХǿҵƳգ죬߳
ˣ
һĿռ䲨Ȼ¶ǲ˼Уǵǰسһ׶ߵôš
֨ѽһǴŻ򿪣ȴһƬ֮ɫ󣬺Хһ㡣¶ֻվűߣǴɢʴϱѽһ㵭ĺ˪Ƶʱû֪
⡭ǡ¶ɫڲôƽ˫ͫһɣ̲סг
һЦ׿ȻҲõһ߼磬󡣽԰֮Уĺ磬ȫڴˡѰһڣضùǶϽۣ𡣵С֮ˣڣֻǿһۣŵûɢ
Ǹ⣬Ϊ㱾Ѱ
͵¶˼ؿ׿нǾ֮ɫô֪Լ뷨
Цһ׿ҵһο㣬ͷ⺢ӣѰ˸ݡֹԵˣԼΪħԣ˵º󣬲ŷ֣־ΪԼԭ򣬽㱻ۣԾ;ԼǸ׸һ̿ҪһֵѰ֮⣬üԼҲǺ£Բ׸ˡ
ԣ֪Ҳپʱûжʧ䣬ƽֻգ˵Ķ԰ɣ׿ؿ¶оڣ·𿴴һС
¶ǽ۾˫Ŀ֮Ǿ죬˾Ȼ˶ġô㣬Ҳ֪˼
ˣô˵һƷʣ׸߼似絶ǻһаĻȣ׿йâһóһ̵򣬵˹ȥ絶ԴħҪǿöˡң覴ã÷룬øҾȲ޸ˡֻҪ㰴չתЩ罫ɱ
ӹ¶˫ͫ΢Ҫ׼Ĳ쿴׿ȴһ֣˲ӽǽ֮Уû쿴ˣȥٿɣ

һ¶ûӦͱ׿ħһǺڶ֮Уʧˡ
һУ׿ȻͷĻȡ
絶ؼľ֮УӦԣһʧ룬رɡ
˵¶ħ׿ģԤıѾˡǰһУƣ׿СۣΪˣ͡
ĻôΣյ飬ͬˣҲͬⰡ


547 Ͷʯ·
ء
ɽ԰󣬺Х˸׷Ʈ
׿˫һ͹ʯ֮ϣɫȻͻȻ˵һռ䲨׿һȫƶȻǣٴͻơ
һαĶźµʱ䣬׿ҵͻƵĸоʱһͻƵؾ
˫Ŀ׿³һ̧ǰһƬķǺ㴫лһ̶ķ׿ص˵ͷ
¶İڣǰһܻʱʹధأǰȴԽԽ٣ǲֻŵ֮
׿֪¶ѾͷѾȫ˴֮ڣһ̣¶һ˿ȻĻȡ
׿ϲΪͻͽ̶̼£ȻѾﵽؾˣϲɺذȻʱһЦȴ쳹ĶߣȻһ֮ԣǻ֮еζȴǼڿ֮⣡
üͷһ׿ת׿ȥȴһʵĻɫӰƮǰȫɢűϢ
а£׿գգ۾ȻζԷ̬ˣ׿óġ
²һͣаص
Ŷ׿ͷÿɷ֪ݹ٣Ϊ£
ûʲôĽչΣ
һаγ̾òںɽ԰½磬һ˰Ϊǣò⡣ֻǱڽ£ȴһûϣ
ôûУڲôüͷһ׿ͦͦӣĵ
Цһа»һȦ̾˿ѾʲôˣԹԵ˼ʽ֪ڸʲô׿ǰҵľͷȥˣôܵ£첻£
Բӣ˭˵ûɣⲻڸҸɳЩڽа׿һͦţָָΧһŵѵһ·ϾӢӵſڣ⵹ǿݡ򵥡ֱⲢı⣡
ǵȻҪô򵥵Ļ㶯ˣҡͷ̾һаĵħڵˮһ·ȥº׾ͻΪ
ʸ֮ģоһ׿
ؿһۣа΢΢ͷǴˣӦѲµβƽĸСȥĹʧְִȥŵԭɡΪ¸ɹ㡣ӦΪ̽˲Ϣɣ
ǰħڲ˵Ӽ˴⣬䱳ĳϹҲǻ㾡ΪǾӢӢģᱻصԴϡΪʦĳϹȻҲһԴóȻȥһ¾ͻᱻ˹ڦңҲȥһݰɣ
ضаǻɫӰ׿оڡ
Σа΢΢ͷЦ׿ȻܴʵܴţضϹУΪӣⲢ뿴ʱֻ֮һȴı䲻˴֣
ҪףħڵıײѾãѾѸʹ󹩷֣Ҳϼһ档Ϊǵ˽ڶһѺ֣⶷ǷһħڵʵԽԽϴ˫ᡭ
һͣаƺ˹İʹᣬŵԣڸ󹩷ᵽʱ㷢䵽۷һǿ㣬ǲǣ֮СϾ۷ˣûʸӢĲܹȫŷҪ㽫гϹȫƷˣǰܵķڷУ
ۣ൱Ҵһƣǵͷлǲ̫Ϊˣ۾΢΢һУ׿˼ʧЦҡҡͷ
ЦһаȻΪѰ죬ġ֪֪ȥһʱӢΪһǿս㹻ˣûй㡣Ǽ˲ܣڱ㲻ٴһ㣬ⲻɵĹ㶥λϵѹӢӣһɢɳ˫ٴʧ󹩷ҪߣţԲŷ㵽۷
Դ;ˣûʹܲܰ쵽θ϶ͷ׿̾
龰а²ɴЦˣڴѾˣôĹأҪô
üͷ΢΢һ׿ǰŬŬ͡
˳ķȥаȴڵĶУХǺˡ
ЩؿаµĽ͡
ºŴȣһս۾΢΢һУ׿ĳ
²һаҸոѾ˵ˣĻҲ۷ʱӮˣҲǸִ³ϣûʲôã
ȻԼ֣һ˳֣һŮӣսžӢӣӣ׿ǻаĻȣһЦ
ؿһۣа˼⣬Ȼ뵱ڴЩϼһӰ
ֹһͶʯ·֪̽һǵĵߡңҲܰȫҪһɣһɡǰѾ齨˲Ĺϵǵʦǡ
׹ݹǱѾˣµŵӣдУûɵˡżæŵ޳Ĺƽ˼ڻᾡٻţ㽨ͬ˹ϵаȻͷӦ
Ǻܿ죬аüֻǡһŵӣڶʱڣʤžӢأ
ǺǺǡа취ͲعһˡңºһսֻǸѡܿ죬һŶЩϼһƴػĽɽҲ᳹ױزסˡʱЩϼһＱʱɷһ֮׿аЦһһؿаµ
ûлشа³ħ¶Ҫڡˣڹ汳𣿡
ȻһЦ׿ص˵ͷ
ãֻҪΪڹ֮ڣҾһվߣ
ģϺ꣬ӵǹʹԼԸգʵǹƻ˷۶׿°
ƺ룬а²ɿڿοҲѴǴˣùʲôϲ˺ӣ¿ϣ޹صȣЩɶҪħڹأ㵱ǲǣúðɣǺǺǡ
аƺ׿΢һҲǵ˵ͷаЦ
аµ˼ѾˣǽظɰɣɱҲûϵ㣬Ҳ˵ʲô
˭ײ۵أܸ˭򣬶¿ϣ޹ءֻҪܴӮν
ⱾײݣȴΪа¸׿ıɡ͵׿񣬴ħɵڲˣ
Ǵʱ˿̣ŵĳϹǻҲ֪İţڱ˴˹Ķǣϡ䡭


548 ɱ
μʦϣϣ
μʦʯϣ
һɫ㣬Ϊŵľ֮ڣʦͺĶˣشһصؿͷ
ǵǰΣ԰׵ߣλõߣݼ㣬Ƿ˫ͫףһʯ㣬
ȴǶʦҵʦʯɣ
ֱߣǸοݣ۾Сͷʱɨ·Ķʱ͸¶һ˿֮ɫȴǺĶʦųĶϣ
λôݵĮʱ΢΢鶯һµߣִԴȵĴˡ
Ȼֻǳ֮λŵλ磬ùҲҪ֣
ʱ˿̣˲һŴϣȻؿ·ĶˡҲһ׿⣬ȴǹվһ׳ӣ죬˫Ŀ֮У׺֮ɫ
ʹôվţڸǲסȫɷ֮
ȻΪԭɷڡҲþշ磬ɴбƳƳӣĳ
˸æһлʦ㣬ͽһģ
˵ţǹһϵɷʱ˰ءȻܸܵҲôŨˡ
ɫžֻк΢΢鶯ʯˣȴǵЦһ̾ŴʦְΪѾ˾տˣؾټ׸߼ڤɷ²ֻţ㾫Ӣ֮УһսģҲǷëˣ
ʦ˵ûʦֵȷͣҵȲЩʦֵϺȣʦҪտǵĻӢŶԣ̧׿һۣæǫѷؽŵ
ʯ󣬲ݸһԵĴϡ
΢һȴ˰֣£ǽ뾫ӢǵЭ顣ӢУʯĵĶ࣬ʱտˣ
ȻΪǳϰֳһȻáԺҶԼˣȻҪģɴЦһʯо˸˸
ˣҲ΢΢ͷ
ħڣǲĻ˵ǳϹǺ̵ˮԼĵӣҲѴȥ
ȫӢĵӣⲻ֮ڣѾԸƣʹɱ֣׳ˡ
뾫ӢģҲ⼸˵ĵˡʱŷӢӵԴмܳ鲻ٺôģ
΢΢̣ʯѾ̲סԵ֮ɫֳܿ̾û뵽ݹͰ׹ˣҵô๩֧ǣ̻һǶ˵ʵֿռˣ
Ҳû취°˺ǷǶࡣʮӢĵӣǵˣЩϹۺ죬Լûеӿãɴ֧ݹˡܴȥҲʹ첻ǣЦһԼƲɧСӣĳ
Ҳ΢΢ͷ
ʯɨһۣ˴Ƕô˰ɣؽƽϡǳ⣬ҲøǣȻŭǿҲʰˡȻʰǼѡ֣أѱŵЩϼһǿɶ֪γԸҲǵֵˣ
һ䣬˱˴˶һۣ׷׵ͷͬ
Ǻܿ죬üʦͽһ󣡡
˵
һӣΪ׿䵽۷Сʦɷȥ̽һ£˵ضʯоǿС
üͷһʯûԼ侲ĵӣ˼е񣬲ɵôֻǸ۷ĵӣʲô𣿡
ȥˣʦ´͸ŹŹְ
һȭ渵СӸһţ㱻۷Ȳ̭ӣֲ֮ɵһСУ֮ȴδɵ֮СӵʵΪʵȴԶĶʦֹĶʦ֣һ֮Сʦдΰ
۾΢΢һУʯüͷǽ˼ѣ˹£αΪڶֽˡ
ʯ˵ʱ㻨У᲻ǳģϾ⼸ʮǵȷǷâ̫¶ʱҲЩĵؿ
˿ʯüĬòоһĻϲ⣬ֶζƽκǲãڰС汻ˣǻǺӹ𣿺ߺߺߣΪǿ꣡С̴ʲôλֻҪεһ˰ˣ
ʲô˵ҪһϴһǣҪ˭ȥأ
תɨһۣʯÿɷ񣺡ղԣС͸Ź죬ʵ±ȱΪߵöࡣǹȥˣһʱԳ£Ȼ¶ʱץСӣʹ²ˣϷǰȥһɱ֪
ʲôҪԶ֣
ʧɫϼڰ֣򲻿ɰʯŹأ϶Եӳ֣۵ҲһǰѡʱҲضӲȥ޳Ϲ͸ܲ۷ˡʧֱܣ൱󰡣
һЦʯȫںػ˻ֵʲôץûץƨҲǣѵΪϷȥһվСӣô๤±ץڹڹ棬˾ͲڹˣߺߺߡСţ
ʦںɽ԰
ãºڷɱҹպƧЦһʯʱȵǰסȥȥͻأ
䣬һɵȻϴֱֱܳɳ⣬תʧȴϣȥɱ׿ˡ
ˣ⣡
ʱ󣬰һХһɵسںɽ԰ؽ磬ĴҴܣѰ׿ټ
̵ģСӾĶˣ
ʯֻ֣ȴһɵܲ쿴ţ
Ȼǰ궸һͣȻеһڲϴȥȴǰһˮһĲƣڲϵʱһЦ
ߺߺߣСӾȻŽ硣ϧڻ龳ǰĽƨûСϷȥС˵
ţʯһͳ壬ǽײȥһǰ
ǻײȥݵһ죬һɵȴȻײϣʱȫ˳ȥ
´󺧣ʯǻϤϢ̲סæͷܣ˿ͣ벽
ǵɫҲȥ׷ǶƮţ˿Ľ磬Ҳһ㣬һ̶Ӱƺδһ
ٴƽ׿Ҳȫ֪ⷢ顭
ۣ
ʯ»صԼڣǵ˫ͫʱȴ̲ס³һѪɫ˲ɷȥ
ôˣʯʲôˣϼ󼱡
˵Ҳֲ⣬Ϊʯ㻯ֵʵˣ
ɫ˲ʯлžͰ͵ǡǡ󹩷
ʲô
һ˶ˣѵ˵Сߣд󹩷һֱǺηʥ͵ŵһԻ


549 Ŵ
һľ˱˴˶һۣԱϢסˡħڵһ֣ײβĴ󹩷Ի
СӡôӰ
һ󣬴ϼʯôǴ󹩷𣿡
дȻ󹩷쳣أҲֻ״̬֡ǹϢҲϴǴ󹩷ɣ
Ǿˣһ󹩷ʲô֪𣿡ݺһĴȣϳ̾
ʯüͷ壬˼ȴǻҡҡԴҲδأ󹩷ڰ;ֹϷʱһδֶԸСӣץҰѱңҸоҲûҪ˺ֻǾһѡȻĻʵͶô
ԣ룬Ҳԣ
ô˵󹩷뱣״̬Ŵඣüͷһֻתת͸һϺľ
ص˵ͷʯһ⻮ɣ󹩷ȻȨ죬ǵҲСǱЩŵӣӢӱض죬೤ϹҲʱԼĵλŽһƬҡһŴϵĴ󹩷Ȼϣ顣ôֻҪߣûˣ
ôʦС𣿡ʱ²ɳһ
η۶ʯָָԼıӣȵ㿴Ϊʦڵӣ͸öãʱҲҪСˡ⣬ΪʦҲҪȥǱߴ̽һ£Сʲô·Ϊλô󹩷
۾΢΢һУʯ°ȣˣҲüͷĬˡ
׿СӼΣҲ˰
Ǻ󣬱ȫɢˡҲһЭ飬Ŵ֮ǰ˭ˣǶص׿аºʹ󹩷صע
ڶ峿ʯ˸ո߳ţӵŵӵͨ˵ٿϹ飬ǰȥμӡ
ǲŷ֣ԭаǣͷ׼Ǻˣ׼طš
һϢݹͰ׹ϲһ£³Ӣ˰ǻ׼ϵ೤Ϲء
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ʯѴЭ飬óâҲԡڼ䣬ʯʱò׿аȴװɵ㶣˿С
󣬿عŵľѶ׿ıλȴһëϢûȻ߳
֮󣬿ʽ뿪۷صնʦ߿̿ΪºŴ׼ŵҲ
Ϊ˽뾫ӢУǾƴȫҲһҪ
㣬ŷȳʽչǲգ۹ʱת˲ŴҲڿʼˣ
һʮ׶ߵ̨ϣų뻯ΪУȻһС
ǰλǫ̃ϣħа£ֱͦţλϡֱʯΪһɫŹֱߣŴϣʸϵĳǡЩ̨ϵе½ϣͬն
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һƬȻ죬ֻһ£ŵ󣬿ͨ߸ս
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һмаȴ쳣ȻƳڣ󹩷ϲ֣˵ŴҲûʲôÿģűԡְĻҲˣ

Ϣһͣʯһ̲סһӣ۾΢΢һŭ
а´ԣ˵ǰѿŴȣ˽Բû˿ͷ˹ĨǣȴԶԣ
Ϊȷȷɵˡ
ӢӵУѾͺĶˡΪ˰Ϲ˿Ǻˣ
ӣߺߡǿûʵλʵģҲ类Ըַˡ
˵ŴȲǸʽΧߣƿأ
ǿûж̰御ˣƺȫаµļӰ죬Цһĳ
üͷ̲ס˶аһЦˣȴǰޡ
Ϊ֮׵Ĵϣڹ֮еڶλʯ֣Ѳĺܣ
ϧ󹩷һ£ʯ˿ӣȨȻ볤֮以ǣƣҲýǱβ󲻵Ĵ
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ܹϼһɵӲͷõģֻ׿Сӵˡ֪ã
˿аǣٿ·һۣȴʼղ׿ǵҡҡͷ
ˣˣϣСüɣ
Ŵȣʼɣ˻ӣаµ
ԣ̨ϵλгϣ̨ϵ͸λһֿ̨ˣߺȳŴȣڿʼ
䣬̨¶ʱȺ鼤
ţгǱ㶼ӻóһϸľʼг֡еˣ̨бԡ
һʱ䣬̨ԣ̨źò֣
ǣûע⵽ǣǧּ䣬ɵӰ̨ϵɱȴǷЦ֮
ǺǺǡһĵĴȣ󼴱ӢҲǰνǱʵĸڴ֮ǰͱ˰ɣһЦһЦǿɬ
һ΢΢ͷ̾˿û취űײ˰ûȤÿһʱ䣬ҪһĻĻʶϷ롣ǻҵĻѷˡûѡ˵
ǰܺã̫ˡ뵱꣬˫ϣǱЩˣµֻˣڣǻò̵ЩýĵӣǵðһЦЦȴǷŭ
һ̾ȰšӢУм͵ġ
ǰǼһһˣ˭ܴȥμ˫᣿ߣ˵ǵʵ½Ƕһľ֣һɢɳܳʲô£˺ݺҧҧŭȳ
ˣҲҡͷ
ͻȻһ˷·뵽ʲô˵ˣȥȥһʵǿĵӻ𣬲֪
ˣ֪һȫÿߵľ飬ˡеʵҲüڰ֣˲ÿɷ
˼Ҳʼ磬̾
ǻ֪ħڵģǻǸӣ׿ħͷ
һ棬ħںɽ԰˵һռ죬һεӰȻг˫֮ͫ͸ɫ
׿ˣصͷйâһһСƿȥЦʱ䲻ˣȥɡ


550 б

̨ϣһľ췢һӱһֻߵķݰ㣬һ죬ʱ˳ȥ䵽ϣɫɷףһϢ
̨վŵģǵӰɫ͸Ų̣ȴǸոջطŲõĿɡ
̨ڰ˳ԣʤ̨УһָǷ򣬸ȳ
ԣ̨µʱը˹
ôֻһУͬؾַʦ־Ȼ˲ͱˣȫɱ۷ʮʵ˿ûܵӰ찡
ǵȻ߳ŵĺޣǸǵģ˴طţӢӵһˣ
ȷ˰ַʦ⼸ƴ׷ˡ˭֪ٵͷǰֻֻأ
ҡԴ̾Ϣ˿ŲԶȻԲѵַ壬Ҵ̧ߣҲһϧ˵ͬ̾оλʦ˲á
ƫƫԼϾҪɻڴ֮ʱôɷ·
ȻǼ̾Ϣһ̨ϣһ󾪺졣תȥȴһĮؿ̨һȫԡѪӰû˿鲨
·ŵĲһˣһһ
̨߳ԣʤǱߵĸ̨ϣɹž˴˴αԵĽ
˲һǿЦҡҡԴ̾
ŴȣμӵʦǿǵùͲֻֻ࣬ʤĻᣬΪ㰡
ô
תٿ̨ϣеĸߺһһ
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ڰ̨߳ԣĶʤ
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Ƥݺݶ˶ȫսսؿǵһ̨̨¡˱ʬ壬ʮ֮࣬ȫڴʦֹϵġ
Ϊٶ̫죬̫ݣ̨Եˣһ⣬һɱһʬ嵹£лһʬֱ̨ˣֱһɱ˻
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Ƴһۣгϵһ̨

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˻
һһؿŹһͶ
˼ҶѾȨˣαôϾɱأ˵ħ飬ֶβ̣ôҶͬʦֵ̨ܰϿûֵ飬Ҳֻһɱһ飬ֱˣ
̨Ҳüͷ΢΢һ壬бƳƳзһŭ⡣
Ƕ̨ԣһƻҲˡ˼ѾȨˣӶҪʱȻϾɱȴ̫ˡ
ƺ룬䵭ȴĵͲñ
ϻʱֲ֪Ѿķֵһ̨ϣ
˿гϲǿѹŭһ̨ʮĳԣʤһ
ȨˣȨˡгϻû˵̨꣬±һƬȻһȺһ̵زӰƺ±ֻ̨񻢳һ㡣
ҡҡͷ⣬һ̨£ѡǱ㽫оһϣȵһ̨ʤߣ

ʱ䣬̨һ裬֮ϡȴûһۣһĮ뿪̨ӡ
Ķ̨ϵǿߣƺϰ㣬ûж档
ڣֹ˰ʱĹ༸̨ϣҲǷֳʤߡ񡢺Ķ顢ˣϣС
мսĵӣȻҲʤǱ˵ȴûôˡ
սǵȻ̫ЩֻԶԶȥ֪⼸˱ضڽս̭
ˣѡӢӵֻǵĶսɡֻǿˣܽУʱһλϿһֻľаǰ
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ٺٺ١ɰҲţзѪĹâֽչʾڳ˿
̲ͫס˵һŵɷףڰֵ󡭡ʦ֣

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²һݣ˿һĻ̲סƤ͵ӣҲ̫б˰ɡ
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ȫɥһںﲻϽȴǳٳٲ󣬲һҧֽóĬ챣ӣǧӲ磡
ĺ̨ԺĶ
һɫ԰׵ӣûУͽֽݸ˳ϡΣһ˿֮ɫֽ򿪣ĳ
仰ȴǲһ㶣Ȼ˫ۣ˺ĶķȴĶҲǶȻһЦ¶Ĵ⡣
˱ʱĻŭţҸûɳˣ
ģĶʦ㣬ҲΰɡĶʦųģĵҲҪܣܹĶʦ£Ҳһָ
ٽĶһ˫ȴֻĶָһ۶ʦܣʦҪŶ
ȻȻв˶һ˴ؿźĶţһͨͨˡ
༸˼ˣҲۼ֮ɫôСôãһˣ鵽Ķʦ㣬µģɶЩɷ
תۿ˿Щˣ˵ɫֹס
ֻǳϿһУЦǱ֮ɫһȺ׳գԲȣѳɴߣ


551 ս
ʦ֣ͽ̣
˶ѡԼĺ룬һӣΪ˿ǵĶ֡λյɷվԼǰСӲЩӣǹһݣϣܸԷӡ顣
ǣµ֫δֱһ죬һŽ߷ȥǼ۽ϵشڳ˶ԡ
ӣҲ׹һ㣬¡һڴϣʱҳһӶ
ǰȥȴﻹаʶѿѪԲˣ
Թԣ⼸λȻǺģˮ𲻽βԣǹ⣬༸ҲԲᰡ
ǲһСؿ̨ϵĿǣȴֻһֻۣߣȻ̨ˣʲộֻѣ
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ͬʱٿ̨ӵȻһ޶ˣҲǲѴ֮ͽԼĶֽˡ
Ҷֵ³Ҳ൱ңΪûϺ֮⣬һ֮ڣǱ´·ˡ
̧ͷϵ亹̨˿һҡͷ̾ЩӵܣǾħ裬ֿ治
Ҳͱǹһ㣬Ҳû٣
֮УҲֻĶʦ㣬Ĵ˰ɣ
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СӣȴȻȫŵˣֻ֪ɵЦŻε壬һƬã
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ãϹȥʦ㣬ǻЦݣ˳մؾֻצһץץֻ֮жԷǽڱεķӯ
ǻһаЦݣĶȻЦʦܣʲô˼أ
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ɺĶȴ紺绯һ㣬ôվǵ˳嵽ǰʱɫȴǶȻһ䣬˲˫֮ͫҲȻɢ˳ɱ⡣
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һ췢Ķ֣ûΪһֻצһֻ͵ľް㣬ݺץ˲ϡ
˶ʱһͣ㲻ܶˡҲЩѡУãǹЦݣ
һЦĶǰһ鴿˳˵ӣԴԴϵؽڡ
ʱǲźȻ֣ԭָݣȻ˵ԪԪ

˷ʹڲŤûа취ڵȻԽԽûԪԪҲڲɢ
ֻʱ䣬ûڵֽһɣûϢ
ֻ˫֮ͫУһƬã֮ɫ֪׷˺£
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飡
һصĶһӣǾʬ̨Ѹɱ񣬻Ϊһ߸ʬˡ
Ķóӯز˲ǣ̨¶һĵЦݡ̨µˣȴҲû֮ɫˣǵеֻ޾Ŀ־塣
ڲ֪ʲôкãʲôģ
λĶʦ㣬ڲµĶЫ
ɳ³һ˿Ǿ߸ɱʬʱûǰĽʺޣǰ̾ѡ
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˺ѡһĻźܶʿԥѡϾںǿںţҪʱǻǻѡԼҪһ
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ˣӢӵǳöˡԤһһһ١ֻ˽аµɫȴһֱš
۾΢΢һУаؿһǺĶĳʯϣĵҾûʲô˵ˣŮˣȡʤҲӢҪ֪ӢΪ˫׼ġȥμ˫ģǸڵٮٮߣΪһĵ뾫Ӣʰɣ
ǺǺǡԲӣ
ЦһʯҡҡͷħһֻǿֻʤȴǺźεġĶȻʤ֮ڣӢԸı䣬ѷڣȻˣҪе˳ĶҲǿԵģ
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ߺߺߡ˰ɣ˵ʵ̫ˡû˶ǾӢҪȥ˫ᣬСŪɧãǷǳΪЦɣһӰش
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˭˵أҵǹеֵҲԣʱһӰĳ
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μаǰһȭݵ
аƳһۣЦȴǹž޲һλеΣ֣صϲλӽ쿪ʼǾǾӢ
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Ȼһһ̣˵һռ䲨տ˵̨ϣ৵һ£ȻһһŮӰ
ͬʱǰǵϤٴ𣺡Ǹˣλ֮һˣԵӢˡΪսˡ


552 ˫
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а°׿дãȻ֪ΪΣҲǼõġ
ڱаԼεӣҲǺݺݴһӡ
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Ϸ򣡡һ׷ԲԵߣæǰһ棡

ͻȻһ죬ߵʱӵɳȥһѪǣͣӿ䵽ϣȻûϢ
ǡ²һʯָǳʬԵؿа¡
Цһаޱ飬һ۵ӣǴʱɨ֮Ƿ۵ӽˣȴʧְ֮ڹ浱ɱ
һĻոĳִǣж˿أһɱ⣬абƳڳ˵ӡ
Ǳˣ޹صģҲ̲סһ飬ȫƱ߶һ
аֿʯаЦô׷ȥ𣿡
壬´Ӧö֮ʧԴΣʯɺݺҧҧݵ
ȴֲʣ
аҪЮ׷׿Ļ˶Ҫ͵ڵһųˡ
Ļϵһ﹩γɶĳŵӿɾͲùˣ
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۾һУʯ߳
ǻ⻡ȣаԶԶ׿һۣ˽ղȻЦЦ


553 һȫ
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һ㣬ȴѹ֪ɻ׿ʹʹشսٻغϣȻһгأ
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䣬׿Ȼͷɨһ˦ұۺâ͵شţ

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554 Ӣ֮
ǧУӰһֱע̨ϵһжʱҲȻȫˡ
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СӣһҪӢһӰһ˿ĭӶزţ˵СʲôͷħڵĵţΪû˵
һͣһӰؿ׿һۣ˼ãȴ૳ҿ۷ˣǲ˽ҲӦõġ
ʲô۷ӣ˴ţȻ۷ֵطȺ˵Ҳ̫Ƕˣڲħڵ̨ӰӰһԣɴŭһϣؿ׿ЦǺǺǡ˸ϣ˲ţˣǾȥҪˣСӴ۷ŪǾӢ
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ץһ쳣ӲʯǽϣĶǿҪ¶֫ħצʱͣѴֺ
̲ͫסһĶʧɫǻӦһ޺𷢳ţ¶ȫʢֱյ䳡ϵˣε۾

գһȻǽӿβһڣһֻ㣬˲佫Ķֻ͵Ϯצ
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۾΢΢һУаѾ⣡
ʯ˿һУȴһ飬΢˲ͱ
̸ܣһ͵İƷħҲˣʣȫǷ͵ػħǸߵƷ⻹ô
װѾֱսӢˣ
˴˶һۣʯǽǿЦŰ̾
⡭ʲô
ݺݳ˳Լ֣ȴ˿Ķɴʧɫ
תؿһۣ¶¶һ˿аЦݣĶʦ㣬ϵˡ˰Ʒħһ˽ңͻᱻٶֺһܶܲˣ
㡭ǹ¶͵Ϯģ̲ͫס˶Ķ¶Ŀ⣬뵽ࡣ
һûЦݣ¶ž⣬ĳĶʦ㣬ò˰ɣ۵սֻҪȨһ˿ɾûɶˣҲԼҵʦԼĻᡣԣҪɱ˶ԷֻѸײڶ֮ƣһɱûֻȽƭ̶סӣһ㣡
üͷݺݲ˲Ķŵؿ¶·ڿһȫʶһ㣬૳Ѿͷʲôʱ˽թˣ
ڸոգ
۾΢΢һУ¶ǻаĻȣе䵶Ȼ޷ֺĺĶһ£׸߼似絶
Ҫ
ǹĵâ˫ͫвϷŴ󣬺Ķ촽ǲ૳
Ļû˵ڣǵĵâ˲һ£ɫĵ绯Ϊһ⣬ֱֱشӼ䴩س˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬̨һεһ£شмѿͬʱѿģкĶǽֱӡһһң̨ϡ
ֻԭȻ˫ۣʱȴǾ֮ɫ
һԿţƤ΢΢˶ɳ̾Ҳһ𣬲˼ؿɫЩɷס
ĶˣǿһϣҲѵס
ٿĶҵʬֻһ
ǺˣȻȫˡôҲ뵽гһ¶֮ǿǶеļ¡
Ķӣᱻһɱ
ʯϵˣɫ΢΢ЩϾⷽĵӣҪռһӢģȴһŵսǵһʱЩҲסˡ
Ͼͽܵʧܣֻ֤ʦ̵޷Ľǡ
ؿһۣǺĶĿʬ壬а޵¶һ˿Ц⣬૳ǺǺǡһŵӣȻһŵӣһоɱսɹˣô뾫Ӣ֮أŵӵô
Ȼô¿ʼˣ
üͷ΢΢һʯæĶˣɲǣϰʣµһӶϣ
ˣѡξӢӲμ˫ᣬ˲ʣ㶥һӣͿ𣿡һаµȵȻ⣬ô˴ŴȵĽϣºбԣ
⡭
ö˵ˣҪǾӢǱ˼һгķʯ˵аһбһۣ
ʯεͷ̾
ȻȷѾʼжˡͨӼıԣϲ档
ȻһĶʲôŴѺµĻֻ֪ʲôʡֻҪ㹻ʱȥıǾǲȫġ
תתʯͻȻ·¶ŵ¶ȻѾŵӺĶǾ͸šڣĸϻ򹩷£˵ɡУλϹԸҲ


557 ط۷
һλϱ˴˶һۣٿ·¶¶̰Ŀ⡣
ϾѾͷʵҲϳˣչ£һӢӵӡһߵװΪʦӦرĪñ͵ȥ
ţЩŵͷǣ¶һЦݡ
ǺǺǡѾͷϷҲûչˡǲҪĻϷչºˣһ׷ͷ۾һУһۣ˶¶˵ǶħȨ
䣬һ𣺡˵ϣĪҪ˽СѾͷϷҲϲýϷԽ̵ɣ
٣ųϣ̫ˣϷҪģѵƫҪ𣿡˫ͫһɣݺݵضԶһڷںͷ
ƺھԷѾȻҾͲˡ
ǹųȴһ˿Ϊ⣡
Ȼڴʱһȴط˵Ҳ̫Ŀ˰ҪѾͷΪӣʹ𣿡
٣ҪͷȥѾ˲ٵˣϷϧϷò׿һ㻹һܲɣüͷһϵŭ
ǹųҲһ԰ǻǰÿյĵ࣬ڻʲôϽĶ죬Ķȥǵ¶
ǺǣżǰɣûţϷǰ˲ٵӣǲʣµôϷɲôˣζҪ£ͫ͵һϵʱȳ̬쳣
Ǻ˿ʼǺܿ죬ĳϹҲУᡣ
һʱ䣬䳡ϣ춯أֲͣΧ۵ЩǣҲȫһɵۡ
ʱǼЩƽׯĳϹǣ첱Ӵֵش󳳹
ھȻΪһӣҪˣⲻڳ˶һͬʱ¶ķҲǼ֮ɫ
СѾͷǸŵӣȻһսΪЩŸ߲ǾˣԺڵǰ;һһƬ
鿴һУҲһ˷ܣΪԼãĵˣ
ɨһۣаЦٿʯʱﻹ֪Ĵ㡣ǾãСѾͷԼ갵ģרѹŵӵӡ
˳ţԼƤӵ¹ܿأڷԼһӡ
ϧӲԼģ׿ʱ̳ġһţֻҪ׿۷ʱ̳ܵһ
ģǲòˣ
뵽а²¸Ȼ̾׿ֶΣ񹤡ԼҪҪʱڽһŵӵ̵ģȴǺġ
˵ȫµĿעӣҪҲס׿Ƿ˲٣
ؿаһۣԴ鲢ûʲôԣʯУЩɻˡ
ѵӣҪ𣬻бĴ㣿
۾΢΢һУʯǿ̽סڣŹϣ컯֮£Ƶ֮ǰȥɺͳ

ʱ䣬еĳϹͣ룬аºʯȫЩεظɿһ΢΢˺죡
Ǹղʵ̫ռħԼݣøһ󳳴֣룬ȷǹ˵ġ
ֻǡ˭õŮ޺ħȴΪġ
ȫЩ϶˼ʯһЦת׿а°ݵλȫͽУͽֻһȴǲ÷˰Ϸո¶ɱ˺Ķʦϳɥͽʹļסͽ¶ͽܣϿɺã
̸ܣʯɽԭҪ̵ħģ㰡
һλϵʱһд
жǶϸʯһģʱŮŪ֣һӢֿɵ
һĶ׬ߵħֵ̫˰
˵ʲôɥͽʹģ㿴ɫԵӣʹĵĸо
֮˭֪СµŮӣĸû˫޹С檳Ⱥˡһʲôϵٻһѡ
˵ʲôʹģʹã
еĳϹȫɫ˫ͫʯͶѲǶϣʱ˿Ѿһ㣬´¶ˡ
ʱ΢΢ͷƺڱʾͬ
ˣ󼱣ŵŮӶ˶ϵţҪ۵ġ
鵱±ϣֻЫԴ־
˭֪ڣ¶ͬĶˣ
ʯԲӣ
ȻΣʱ̣һ°ȴЦһŴȣԹȻ̨ӣͽ֮ˡΪϹԵӵҲ׼Ϊͽʹ̬֮ϽħҲˣɣʯԴ˽Ůϣȴ̫СƣҲЩ˼ˣ
²һͣʯ۾΢΢һУˣȴû˵
ҲǺݺݵصһۣŭ߳
νЦЦ˽ŵһ飬Ů޶Ľ㡣ǽöͬһңд裬ͻͽ˫´󹦰ɣ
׹⻰˼ҪϷˣһ˫ͫ
ЦŰ˰֣׹ҪùϷֻΪ룬˵һʵˡͨศպʵչã
㡭̲ס˶ŭɫȴԶԡ
۾һУʯ׹ʲô˼Թ֮ѹƳ𣿡
ٺٺ١ѵʯƽҲôôʱһļЦ
ת׿ȥȴǸȫ鲼ۣСĸɱͷʱ˿̣һߵЦһŶʺǶʯ
ɫ΢΢˳ʯһݹҲһţ
Ȼ¹δӵʵϷʲãһЦݹ̧ͦͦţһܰεı飬ֱʯ˫ȭ̲ס߬
аһԿģЦֹ
׹ݹڹ֮зֱڵ͵λ֣ܹʯͥˡ
֮侮ˮˮҲûʲôԹ
ϧǣʯԴӸǲһԾƴ󣬱ЩĿˡͬʱ̰Ҫ⾫Ӣӵ
Ǳ뷽跨Щߣǵλͷϡ
ǵĵӣˣĪط䵽۷ǻҲ磬µһһǲŷȺһﶢˡ
û취ڵ֪ͽ۷ɳǱ㾡ǶŪͬʱʯҲƳˮˡ
˵׹ݹ˵֣ȫǱʯǸƵġ
Ҳã˿ǣһЩ޷ļһˣ
аǻһаĻȣ̧׿ˣǶˣ֪ǧ˭ΪáգôҲѯǧɡǵʱʦͽͣ˷һƥǧʧ
ԣ˽΢΢ͷʾͬžһؿ̨ϵ¶ҪԼΪʦ
аҲǿ¶źŲͬŵʦָҪ˭£ھͿ˵
һƬã¶ܣȴһαļЦһʱ侹֪ξˣ
Զһ¶ʹɫ׹£
ѾͷĻط۷
ͻȻһȻĶڣ̲סһµľ㵱ףǿߴӲʳ
΢΢¶׳˼ãеǰ䵶ǰһƺ¶ʲôİ㣬͵̧ͷȵ¶ˣ·۷ɣ
ʲô
ͫһȫסˣþûز


558 ȫ
ղ˵ʲô
̨µӣؿǵӰһԴԺûɣȻҪȥ۷
ӦòҲô˵ģһӣҲɶͷԣһɻ
ֻǣЩϹǣҲȫˣþûزΪײڣ̷̭ӵ۷ǿصرӽȥģûҪֹطأ
ڣǰ;һƬСȻҪӧֵطʵ˷ѽⰡ
۾΢΢һУаؿһۣ¶ˣһƺӴǰ;·Сһأȥɾͳˣ
ҲǸæɫı뷨
㵱ֵطûа취Ѿͷǰ;ΪҲһͬأⲻԻǰô
¶ɼᶨص˵ͷ¶Ѿǰ۷ڣ
ãԼľ⣬ڴӲǿκˡӽ쿪ʼ۷ˣȥɣаɫĮػ˻֡
ʯЩףæֵⲻװɣϾһ˲ţ
Ҫȥ۷ԸΪųô죬𣿺ߣ֮ˣǿҲûã
ݺ˦˦ӣаĮ֮ǸҼǺˣӽѾͷˣҲٵˡ˼ûطãǺúºٱȰɡǵӵһᣬҲǸǵһᣬĪٶˣ
˵գа·䣬һ뿪ˣƺ¶ղŲӣѣѡ۷ľ
ֻǡû˿ǣҪ뿪һɲǣȴǻ޵ĹЦ
ؿаµıӰʧʯüͷ΢壬룬ֻͫڣ֪˼ʲô
ʼΪΣȴ֪
СѾͷʹӽ۷ӲҪˣб⣿
˿ʯת׿һԵĴϣȴҲü塣Ȼڼڣʼû˵һ仰
һУȴϣ˼еĵ
бƳƳĳű㾶ֱ뿪ˡ
ңңһ£æϣ䣬һǰһ󣬺ܿ㲻Ӱ
ʯҲ֣ߣһЩ顣ܿ죬೤ϹҲ½ɢˣֻǿ̨¶ٻӰǷźɣͬʱЩϧ
ЩħûͷˣֱܲӶɡҪĻ񲻸˿ʵԼ֣
ʱ벶ȸںָ˼£ʵ̫ˡ
˴˻࿴˿һֻֻϺղ͵űԼ֣Ȼɵã˶ЦȻ뿪ˡ
ֻ¶пą̇̄ϣһ
ɵѾͷҪȥǸطҿǺò״İЩԹȴϧл⡣
νЦЦ¶ȻҪҾܱǿⲻǽϣôǿڣɱǸĶΪǱô
ԣ˲һ㶣˲¶˼
ǰ̥㾳أųϹУĸ˾߱㱾£ҲǸ˻죬뾫ӢӣҪǿܶأ
һʱ䣬˵ĿҲûǿǣɻиҪء
ǧɭɫӰǽȥҲЩȻʧ
˵Сʵ󲿷ǿ󶥼ħģɷϣǹɾԪȷʵΪѵðҪܺúõһĻھӢУҲǳ͵ĴˣһɫӰ˵
΢΢˵ͷǶҲǼΪͬܿʧЦҡҡԴϧСӣְ䵽۷ˡһ£Ӣһ˲ţ
治֪ôģõˣȫӵǸطС絶ǱǿöడԺ˫ϣһܴŹʣ
ˣҲúҷˡȻºڴȴͿҲҾΣǻȥʸɡ˳СӵҲһ£ǿԲҪСһҪ뾫Ӣ
вһ˷׷׵ͷӰವһʧˣƬٴαƽ
һ棬׿ص˾Υ۷һƬƬשߣֱ֮У
ǺǺǡ˵
Цһ׿̧һϤķȥȳԬһˣ
֨ѽһǲƵ黺򿪣Ԭǫٴγ׿ǰЦٺٺ١׿ܼң㲻Ǻɽ԰Ųôôйˣ
Ŷһ﷣ȥɨ԰һ£Ҷˣѵû𣿡Цһ׿뷿ڣȤ
η۶ԬȻʧЦףǶͰ㵱һˣ㣿ϷȻΪͣôǲġǿֻصţô۷ϴȻˡ
ҶˣԬǹ£Ժ۷£ɡҪĵĻҵһţǺǺǡüͷ׿ɴЦ
ԬҲͷЦԺ׿ܼң౳ĿɽˡҲڿϱţһϴˣ
˵ţԬϻһͦأʾһ׺ݵӣǰСΣȴ˸еһֲײĸоʱ׿Цֹ
ԬϼˣҲԴЦ˳
һʱ䣬֮ķΧ쳣Ǣ·λ̸ཻһ㡣
ָо׿ǰδܹġ
⵹˵׿ǰûп֮ˣ죬׺򸾣ĵ£ֵΡ
Ҳ¼ϵǽĵĻǵľ˵ûʲô̸ġ
λԬϣȴоܹԵȽڣĽ̸УԼջ񣬶ǰδеĶࡣ
Զλʵôľȴߵˣ׿Ǵĵ𾴣δкȥ뷨
ԬϾһλϵľˣֵȥƽȶԴ
׿ܼң˵¶£ԸĶ𣿡ͻȻԬϳʵ
ؿһۣ׿Ҳص˵ͷûҲĻأ
Ȼڶսôôеػտ𣿡üͷһԬɻ
Цһ׿ÿɷտӮˣʵ˵ѾͷϣѪˣ
˵ţ׿ָһһɫĻȼ
ԬϿʱƤ̲ס⡭ǡ
ʦѰһֻ棡׿һ󣬽׵ȥȻŵֻ棬ɻԪҲ˵ԪһŶļǿ棬顣ֻ̲ĶվֻҪԪض׷ɡȻ࣬㹻һˡ
Ԭ˫ͫһգգؿףȫǾ֮ɫȫܹоеȻƽ̲ŻصܣС
׿ܼңⶨǾƷҲ
ǺǺǡȻֹһһףƷħһħƷ׵ڤ˵ЩȥԣôܰܣҪˣֻ֤ȷˣ׿΢΢üͷ·һŸһ
ԣŸܳɹԬĻ˲סˡ
ԭϷΪЩԼеģû뵽ʱƵİѾ˸޵ģǾƷʦʮƷʦȫţòñ߻ˡ


559 ʦ
Ƭ̣Ԭвζӳ£¶ˡ󣬲ɻ׿ܼңҪŴжԸǺĶԼϲǴ´࣬αҪһСѾͷأ
ǺǺǡԬϣվãӦñڵ֡
һЦ׿ݸҡҡͷȴһǵľâĶһСɫɱɱ˴šܽȴˣΪ˽ᣡŵӰŵ֣֮һ֮£ŵҲǼģЩͷǣӦ޹ˡ
ֻһʼΪֻǵǵһǾʹˡ׻˵һ١¿ϣһγɹ漣γɹˣĴγ¡ŻʲôһЦѣ
üͷ̲סԬͫ΢ɣɾ㡭ҪƷŵȨ
֮ǲӢŶѡϹƿԴķ䡣ŵѾǾӢԴĻǻʲôɷЩأ
аЦһ׿Ԭĵ֪Ϊʲô˰ɣȥֻͼһʱʹˡǱЩͷǳûŪִµţ൱ҲκáΪκ£ŹԺҲһոӣʼ档飬аҲ뿴
꣡
Ȼ׿䣬Ԭϱ˸ƣżæŵ׿ܼңĪſڴƻƣҽУҪǣ
ˣʲôƵģûˡ˵а֮ΪС°ôŵģ׿ںذڰ֣ÿɷ
ЦŵͷԬҲףСӾĺܣаǣֲ޶֪ۡʲôʱʲôϸǫʲôʱʲôطŰǽжȣ֮ˣ
ؿһۣԬḧ룬ʵô˵۷Ϊ¶
Ӧðɣа½ҰԶڶĵطҲ͵У뷽跨۷ΪײĴڣЩϹ޳ĪҲѲ֡СӿҲЩѸʲô鷳׿˼
ԣԬϱһҡͷЦ°
Ժƣ˸ұû뵽˸첻µزµСӣһһСӵı˵޾ԡ
֪ˣǵʬŲɡ
ҲСû취͸׿˵һ˭õ˼أ
̧ٿ׿һۣԬ͵Цѣŵô˵֮Ҫٵ̼ˣǣѵΪС⣬ѵȥսŵСûа취ǰ;δԸƴһѣͨ쵤ġˣ˭ԸȥŵӵĲ磿
ҲǰûУһЦһ׿·϶һУǰǲңûףҵֶΡ¶һǿǾ͵ð͹Ͼǿ֮ģ˭еġң⻹Ǹź;ӢĽݾʱʤĻ
Ǹ˾ͻŹܿ죬Ӣӵ;Ͳţ׿ܼ׿û˵꣬ԬϱѾ૳˼еľԽԽʢ׿˼Ļž͵ڱȫܿˣһи׳н֮ưǣҪԴ
飡
Ԭϻδ䣬׿ǺݺظһȻصû⣬ħеӵԴҰ˶û⣡
˻
һԬϽض׿ݣƴţ¸Ӿѡ
ǰ߾ͰʾʢħҲǧˣСӾȻһ˰ˣǴֱʰ
תתԬвϵ㣬СôͣαֻһЩСأɴˣ
۾΢΢һУԬƺѾ˾⣬ͻȻüͷһ壬̾׿ܼҴ˼ߡûЩߥȥսŵĵӣǵ³أ
ΣһսţӢΪģӴ̤۷壡üͷһ׿Ȼ
ЦһԬϽôΪ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ҲǽԬ˫ͫһòεҡҡͷʧЦ˳Ե˾Ԭˡ¶ʼЩͽŵĵǣȷʲô³
ȣݣŵӣȻ⵽ӡڰʦϣЩͷӿ϶Ϊϵħۺ죬ѡ˭һӡ¶Ѿͷڰ׹£ѡ˰׹Ķʦϣѡ˶ϣΪĹϵضϼһܵɣ³ҲáѡϹߺߣ˾͸ˣ׹ӻϸӼǺͷӸۺԺ·úȥδӣҶ
Цһ׿ÿɷس³һ
ԬϿЦŵ˵ͷ׿ܼиһѶϤһˡôﺢӣǼӻٵˣ
û취ɴ߲Сڣ
νʼ磬׿ƵԵ˧䱣СӣĶιӣͶʯ·ԭʹ֮̽⣬ûաѵһСӣк˵ĿһзӪֻǰ·ЩСţ浽ֵزͿ컯ɡͷѾˣ͵а£ͷŴȨգһоͶ󹦸ˣ
Ƥ΢΢˶ԬϲЩСӰЩô˵Ҳֵ̳ġǵɹ߿ֻһΣҲδ̫ϧˡ׿ܼңûٻ
ȫûУҡҡͷ׿쳣ᶨ
һ㶣ԬϵЩɻ󣺡Ϊʲôл۷ԺҲұ۰ʱΪųִ£ǿԼԺдô
Ҫ
ȻԬϻ䣬׿ܼᶨҡҡԴһЦҲҪκζ˵أΪа¸һžƷԼѡҰ°꣬Ҿ͸뿪ˡЩӣŴǰ;ˣĻص۷
ԬϣҶɣ֮ˣԶǡ̫ˡ⸣Уʧ֪Ǹ֪һȺ֮ѡһˣĻսɹǻصһ޵ҧгݣαأ
Цҡͷ׿ǹһ֮ɫ·ڳЦ
ԬؿҲǳ̾΢΢ͷ
ԭˣѹ˲ģǰᵽô緢ǺǺǡԭǸûﵱɳ֮ذ
뵽Ԭḧ룬ҲЩΡ
˴ţûйУضᾡĳ£ʧģ
׿ܼң𣿡ͻȻһĴ
׿һаЦһָָ㿴ôˣҾ˵¶ŵһսضǸơҸұ֤Ǵģ
ǰǺǺǣЦŵ˵ͷԬϵҲһĪľ⡣
֮󣬶˱Ȼ˳ȥˣȻϣúͿǸӡ
ǣ׿¶һоϵԵʱͨһ죬¶Ϳվ׿ڵأͷȵʦΪͽ
أ׿һɵˡ


560 Ľ
ǸʲôɴƬ̣׿ɻ󣬿ˡ
˴˶һۣ˵ʮּᶨ׿ر˱ȭٴʦΪͽ
ǺǺǡϲ׿ܼңͽˣԬһ֣׿˹ȭ
ǺˣҲûƤûرȭϲ˿׿ͬûСƺͬҲͬ⣬ͬҲͬ⣬ˡ
̲סݺݳ˳飬׿ͷʮͷڶԴаЦݣɵŭϲðԼǸŵӣʲôͽܣҪʦЩϹȥ
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΢΢ͣ¶°˼֮󣬲͵̧ͷнǼᶨ֮ɫʦ
ëʦһͷӵȥأõǰ;֣ܻʺĵطҸʲôԼǸݰ׿һ̾
¶˾ǿ֮ɫ¶ǿӲصҾð£Ȱǿ
ǿƨھһۡ£۶磬ʲôǿģ׿ܴ
龰Ƕһۣɸæǻ׿ܼң׻˵ɽڸߣˮ顣ħڣҿû˭ڶ̶ڣӵ̵˳͵ġҼ¶£һܹ̤۷壬ͱԷƱˣ
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һͷ£׿΢΢ʼ磬ڣ۷ʲôûУộûʯҩǵĽչж죿
ǲõģ׿ܼٸӣҲǴɽϣдģ
Ȼ׿䣬ҪҽھܾˣһԵԬȴǺվ̨㿴¶װţĸóҲֻ׿ܼˣ
Ǻһͷ׿Ŀ⣬۶ǡ
νܸѣǾͰɵʦɵҲ˶١ţС׿۷Ҳܿġ
ǶţʦĻʦˡֻ׿ĲǷͬСɣ۲
׿һؿԬϣ޿κε̾˿ԬϣͷҪڹ۶ϲҵ̨𣿡
ǺǺǡɲǲ̨Ǹ׿̨ܼԼ̵ֵĵӣĸԸػصߣ̨ӿǺ׾ģα˷أŵӵݣνΪʦҲôƽˣȻЦЦԬϵȴֿ
ͿǶҲ˵ͷзſ֮ɫ
ؿһۣ׿ɫȴҡҡͷǾԲͽܵģڲᣬԺҲᡣԬϣ㲻ضˣ
УСӣ
˵ţ׿һָյ¶һţҲԵ£֮Ҿ޹ϸǲԸĻھ͸ҹ
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ǷڣȴǴЦپͻˣҵģ£
²һͣ鿴˿ˣεҡҡԴ̾ţְϣĿ⿴Ԭ
룬Ԭḧ룬˼Ȼǣ¶ǰδеݣţȥȰһһٳɴ¡ɲֻǸ˵裬йŴư
һ㶣˲Щɻ׿£¹ǰ;ôֺŴƳˡ
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ˣֻǶˣԳ̸ˡ
׿ЩɫԬϵ¶һ˿ȻĻȣЦ׿ܼң𣿡
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΢΢˵ͷ׿ɳ̾һ˿Υįν̻ͽܣʦҴ縸ӣȴΪ˸һˣʱˡʱҷģͽ
˵׿зһ˵ľ⣬ɱ⡣
Σɱ𣿡Ԭϳ૳
׿Ȼ˵Ľ٣Խ⿪һЩûеĻᣬԽԽᣬѴ򿪡
ҡҡԴ׿ݺҧݣݺݵص̫Զһʱһ죬һҵʦˣ
ԬȻͷҲ̾˿
ܿ죬ֿ׿Ħ°͵Ȼˣ͸ӦСһΪͽˣ

һͣ׿ʱһΣԬϲţԬϣʲô˼˿ǲǣ֪Ҷͽܹ¡
ᣬʵȰôȫΪð
˰֣ԬϲЦһν廹ϵˣĽᣬͽĽᣬȻҲҪͽȥ⿪һҧʮ¾ͽĽᣬԶö⡣ڹؼʱ̣ͱħ
ٵ̳ͽܵĻеӭжˡħߣһУǰ·ΣҪȥѣĽֻܿŶܣǼǿΪٸߣҲ̤۷塣Ϊǿ֮ģ
˵ţԬһʳָ˵׿ķλã¶Цݡ
ؿ׿ʱоļͬʲôһ㣬ͨ࣬ȫԪҲⱼ
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ԬϣΪʵ̫һΪʦǻһȻĻȣ׿ԬϣЦ
΢΢һԬϿ׿ҲǺص˵ͷҪôһͽܵĻҲû׻ˣ
£ٴζһۣǴЦ
ͬλ֪һ㣬ӳ
֮׿Ԭ϶߳⣬Сʽͽ⡣һ£潫Ǻ˸˻ˣȸԾ
Ͼܵ׿ʦָ㣬СպĳɾͣǱѰ
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֮ڣабϣһƬϸĲ쿴صģԴ
ͻȻһΪشĶڡ
ɫ΢΢һа¿⣬̾˿ɷԵ޹ʲô
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ʱһЦһ⣬󸹱ӣ㻺˴֮С滹ˣһǸɫ͵ˡ
һǸɫ΢࣬ҡȵĹӣ
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аɫضԲΣɴˣ˵ϳȥ
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ЦһаȻܷʲôͱȥˣ
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󹩷аޱ飬ĳ

ͬһץסӵѼƵģɷˣȻһ˼ؿа£૳󹩷ôܣ
ǰ󹩷˲ţžϹᡣ˵У֮ˣĪ󹩷ˡᣬ˴ţ⣿ɷüͷ壬治֮ɫ
ˣҲһɻ벻ͨйؼ
ЦһаҲˣˣǲϹˡ󹩷˾٣⡣ǰЩʱգ󹩷ѶңƺµļƻˡСӽ۷ԶٳΪʲôӢӣǾİɣ
ʲô
һ㶣뿪ڣ󹩷СʲôʲôԹҪ棿
üͷһа²Ц޳ԹҴӴѶϿ󹩷ϲýһȴǣǿߣﶼǿߣҪΪӢӡָɻָ
̲ͫסһ˲ɽǴʧɫ
ǿǻ֣ϴ˫ҴߣӢӵָȻָһߣȻ̬˵㣬ǡ
ȵȣǴ˴ţԼ˲ָǽ̵ֻ˭
󹩷˱˴˶һۣж
аһԿţ¶һ˿Цݡ
һ棬һľķڣϥϣĿƽ·ǶһˣȫⱩͻͷ󺹣Ȼͬ˫ĿĿȴԵ쳣
ˣĵӣɣ
˫̧ۿ˹һۣȴҡҡͷ̾˰ɣѾˣôľҲΪˣ

غһ˫ͬǿкսٻغһ㣬ȫ죬ʱžõõ˽ѡ
ΣЩƽ𣿡̧ϵ
üͷ΢΢𣬹ֲҡҡԴ
˿ϲÿɷ̾Ȼ㻹޷ﵽǸΣɣ
ʦͽ֪ΪЩ죬Ҵģȴ似ˡ˵ͽѺ֣⡭
ͫ΢΢һƺ˵׿һɨ֮ͷɵһ˿亹˫ȭݺݵץ
룬ֻǵ˲úԶܶԸ˵Ĵڣľϣر𣬲ͬն
ľüͷһһɻؿ
΢΢˵ͷϵľʲڤɷ۷壬˿ɵУЩΪʦ̽ľȴָޱȡǰΪʦҲû̫⣬Դ̨ϣСһнֺҲŷ֣ǵĲֱ֮ΪȷĻ˵ľȻڻˣȴڶ͹Ǿǻǲͬն
ʲô
ͫһһ󾪲ֻǲ֪ľ⣿
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562 ľ
һĸӦģƳһۣϵ
һͫ͵һɢɱ⣬ᶨ£޵䣡
ǳһϳһĳԵʫԻ֣ҲˡԽǽӽ۷ĸ֣ԽذϣȻһ壬ȫϢڣһϢľߣͬȡ
Ϊˣӡǲѣһʯ쾪رɫǿȥûʵȴĽʵڲģͨأһȴҲ
̲ͫס΢΢˲ضŴϹžݣϳã
ɻ󣬴ϼСӶǰ֪ʵΣ
üͷһ̾һҡҡͷ
Ͷˣзâľ֡ȴɱڣԿԼֻһ㣬Ƕ˵Ĳɼһߣ
ɳ̾һָָԼķνľһдΪҲ׶ονԽߣԽᷢҪԡӦÿͻһ׶ΣȻһͨվʶ򣬻龳꣬ˡЩͨģ֪𣿡
üͷ𣬹ҡҡԴ
ЦһϵľҲ㻹ûᵽ㻹û֮ͻףһ֮ԴԪԪĶȻͬΪľͬʵͻر𡣶ңԽߣԽԡڴ˵Уһ֮˵ʱκԪԪ񶼲ҪľһУ
²һݣƺʲô
ƽƴԼɷ޷ɢȥȴΨľҲʱʵͻͽǶԳԶ˵ȴûκκôȫ᱾ĩ޴оˣ
ʦѵ˵ŵĳϹǣȫľ֮ˣգգ۾ͻȻʵ
Σϲ̾һҡҡͷħ߱ͼ׷ٳܹ֮ħУħĵģмˣڣҲǷëǵĴڡЩӢӣ϶һȥҲԽԽ󡣡
㻹ǵϴʯȥ͵ϮСӣȴ󹩷֣˻°ɡǺǺǡͬΪ龳󹩷ȫʵһɱΪΣľرˡ󹩷ľߣ˿ɼҲΪΣܴ۷ֵطһ·Ϊŵһֵԭɡ
Ҫ֪˵󹩷վһٶ꣬㲻㡣ȴ˿ɼֻ˴ٺõ㣬Ҳڻ龳ͻˣϧ
ϻҡҡͷƺΪ󹩷ЩϧɹȻȫˣ޷ǰûľΪȻҪˣһӹӹµµ֮ˣһԾΪڶ֮ס
ڵľȴԶԶܻ࣬ܿԽߣԽƽӹܵ顣
ƺ룬ϲĵΪʦΪԼĻϣܾӢս˫ᡣΪǰ;룬㵱֮Ӧ˼ȻĲǡ
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Ƥ̲ס˶ижлЩǣǣڿʼģ𣿡
ǺǺǡȻ㣡
ݸһЦϵͬʲôʱ򶼲ʱķϰһҲǡǿϣŴ󹩷һȻǼΪе򣬵ľȣǿҲΪ֮ǿݣΪǵľ֮ߣֻڴ󹩷֮°ˡ
Ƥ̲ס˶΢΢˵ͷٴηϣ֮ɫǺܿ죬뵽ʲô㣬سΣʵôʦǡǸСӵľڴʲô̶ȣأ
ߵö࣡
Ƥ΢΢һϲ̾һĵǸţʵߣľҲߵöࡣʱʱƽһִ󹩷ĸо
ʲô
²һֱţ׿ʵǿö࣬Ҳû뵽ľȻܸ󹩷ȼ磡
ЦҡҡԴͻȻɫһСӲǳˣĸ֡ǵӼûһ֣ԲҪȥǣ֡ڣǳϹġڶ˰
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׿һĵӶѣĶȴǵӣǳϹ
ѹˣʱȫûҵӰӡԭûҷ
ʧЦҡҡͷһɬʱӹ˵Ķ֣ûʸ񡭡
һ棬ħںɽ԰Ǹڣ׿¶Ϳնˣվһյϣеش硣
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ϻϴûЩʬȫӲŸڳ߼ѪɱרŰѪɷҪȥ񲻹һ⣿üͷһ׿Ȼ
һݣոеɤЩɬаźϮЩ㷣ѣʦ᲻Σա
ϻûΣܽΪ¶ģ󣬿Ҳ߼˼Ҷû˵ȥòСﶼɣаЦһ׿һӡ
ʱ¶ȴСس˳ӣϸʦҽȥģ
̲סݳһ飬׿һݺݵһۣŭ˵Ĳ˵˵˵̨ǲǣ
ɲһ¶ҳˣȴһ԰͵Ц
ʱȴͻȻǰһץס죬ͽһ˦˽ȥӺҪ䣬ȻҪðա㵨ûУôҿǵĶӣ
ϵǿӶӰѪɱд󱯺ž˺ѷεغС
лǲ磬׿
νʼ磬׿ңǵҪʦҽͽܾԣϲǱƵ·ϡҰʵ²ģܺܿͻƣǾͻͻƲˣ
һǾĿɿڴ
аЦŵ˵ͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ǰں˰ɣˡӽͽһˣɹʣ
ǲһ񣬿һǡһʼΪֻǳԵ࣬û뵽֮ǣ׿ͽܶһ
ǻûٳԴһЩ׿ȴֿʼ־һ̣¡¡췢һų֡
Ŵ򿪣ȴããһƣ
һ󲻽⣬׿ۼֿ죬һץס¶˽ȥ
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׿ܼң⡭ͫһ鼱
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仨֪٣һ꣡
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ĶɱȻóһֵǣŵһ֣ξҲûвμδȣȴˡ

̨峡ԣʤ
̨ĳԣʤ
ڶ̨ԣʤ

ŵȭȭ죬һгϵź쳹ȫʯḧ룬ת׿һ۲ԶĴϣ֮ɫ
϶ʲôΪûùμأⲻǹֽһӢӵóȥô
ǴȴɫȻؿ·һУƽĺܡ
ؿ˴һۣаҲɻѵСӾϴ׿һţô⾫Ӣ
๩ϣҲЩ֣ô˵ҲǾܹӢӣôͻȻλѩأ
ǿŴĿ⣬ȴȫԣ²Ȼ
գһƬƬɵ£ŴڽˣλӢӵҲ񡢿Ǻˣϴһ㣬˳µضλ⣬ȴնصͨӡ
龰аµһͷ૳ߺߺߡεĽϴأ
ԣʯݸȴֻǱ߹ż֮⡣
ѾѾ޵ģ˭ϴθô飬һһ˰ɡٺٺ١ģǻð
ʵֻа£೤ϹˣҲ̲סҡͷ̾Ϣ˹ϣô뾫Ӣأûʵ
Ҳû취˭ϴι̫б˵ĸֵӣˣ˴Ҳ޷ٲμδˡ
ģһЩĽɫһһǶ֣ǿǵһ֮У
ӢѾʾ£΢΢˶ʯа£һЦſЦ
а棬˫ȭ˽ȴǲû˵ƺڵʲô
ͻȻڴʱһ߰Ĵȴǵʱ𣺡ȵȣҪս
һ䣬һߴ͵궸÷˸̨аһȭӿգţսŸ֣
ǰһаشһۣص˵ͷԭήҵľҲ˲䶶ǺǺǡŴУ˼ľһˣ
̲ס˳飬ʯбаһۣܴӱǻ
а
ǰҽ
Ƶؿʯһۣа²ÿɷ񣬵Ц¿ϣɼΣգһս𣬿ɾˣ
Ӹսѽ֮⣡˰ݣһŵ
ǿӣҲǰͷ޵ġ
ΪȻͻվǸո֡¶ܴܺĶظ֣ͨϲκŸ֡
ʵϵĲ࣬׿ܼԻֲǶԴŲɡ
а¿һУҲǰ̾׿Ȼһ֣֮ھһ֣գҪսˣ
սʦ֣֣һȭ̧ۺݺݵض۾
һЦǰмոͻվСҲڴ˴ʴʣߺߡΪǺĶ׾ܰƽصʵɲô׳ԽģǡҲ׼
˵ţͻȻâһһ֧ʱسСͬʱҲǲ٣һƹʵף㸡ǰ󣬽
̲ͫסһڳϹɴһ
ƷħʣƷħƼףüͷ̲ס˶а૳ؿһԵʯߵʯѪİħ˳
΢ʯÿɷЦЦˣ˭űԣʵѧˣʼƴˡϷʲᣬҲͽϰɡ
۾΢΢һУаû˵ֻת׿ȴһ˿
Ҳ߽ħʵʱԾ١ϴ¶óͬȼħĻҲռʲôˡ
սʤ̫Сˣ
ҲüͷǵǡҲû뵽ʯҲ᱾ѹ׵ħ˳֪׿ԭι滮ģʱܷ˳սˡ
ǿռˣȴ˿Ϊ⣬ֻɫرࡣ
һƷħ͹ħֻȫԸˣ
ͫ΢΢һйâһʱһСƿƿһŨѪȴǵʱķ
üͷһٹȻųζƷ鵤Ѫ嵤
ѪɷѪ嵤ǿҵѪʮֻһأ˴˵ҵʵܹﵽؾ
˵ţһﲱӣǵҩ˽ȥڼ
أһɫѪʼǰƣҲһǿǹŨĴɱѪֻŵһŻµĸо
ˣɴʧɫŭСӣ㲻ҪˣǿʮѪٶȣѪԱɣ
ߺߺߡлģҲǰᷢڲˡô˵ҲǷʮƷ鵤ͨ쵤ˣѪǿ͵ĺܣһЦȻȫڲסȴҧͦ˹˿ûҪס
龰λϹǴһűһ۵ؿ̨ϵǵӰ
ͨ쵤ʮƷ鵤ЩϼһһлûԹһΣСεºܣԵ˸
ԴҲЩȣһ˵ʵʱСؾѡ
ûйϵлȽϷģϾԼи߽ħԷóʲôħؾĲҲôˡ
ǣ£˵һ𣬿յȫ£貵ĹâǶȻɢҫ۵Ĺԣ̵ֱڳ˵۾һ
ǹâɢȥǰʱȴӵʱ̲סһأžž죡
ֻʱ˿̣ǿȫ£ļħװǾƷ֮סÿħһ㣬ųѪɫ
ƷħѪӰģ
̧Ű˰Լ˫ɫѥӣаЦһħҹϣʱʦҪҵӰӣƶ˰ɣǺǺǡ
УƷħѪħס
ƷħѪᦡ
Ʒħɽצ
ϹһͷѪףִһѪС죬ִһźâĹצһһħƺ͹á
һУȴȻȫɵˡֹɵۣʯҲɵˣаҲѾɵˣλȫɵˣħڶȫɵˡ


564 ٸһ
̸ܰڵŵӶôһܵŸǲǣϴСŵŸҲͰˣεãСϹŸˡ
ؼǣòϣЩϼһﻹŲ˼ҡ
û˼ʯѹ׵ıﶼóɱ˼ұȵʣô
ŴȣȵʵѧЩװʲôӹףаˣСһĻܷűݵ
λϣһ۾һĿװζӳ£֪Ǻζ
ʯ޵ĳ嶯Щսŵӣ׼õôⱾҲµ̫˰ɡ
һΪŵǰսϵװСѾͷЩû뵽ȫ軻µˣһء
ѾСǲҲ̫ʵһ㣿ħڣһóļƷħһȫģ
⡭Ǵڿ˲ٺô
һԹؿа£ʯǺ֮ɫʵǲǶˣ
аﲻ֪룬ơһ֮ΪŲķģùŵһһߣ
ϼһȡԴھȻһɵˣʵд
ţǿſһһɫľƷħҲһƾվڹϵλ룬ҲΪЩԼṩİɡ
ϾһŵӣĲǣһ֮ҲûͰ
׿׿СӾĶ˲ƣǳ׵׵Ĳƴְӿ˶ۺ죬ѹִ󹩷ļƻ
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ѹħĹλִ£صţҲΧ׿ܼת׿ܼʵ̫ˣҲ湻ְӸļƷħ
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һת׿һۣҲ˷֮ɫһ£Ӹ׿ǰ;ˡ
ʦ֣аɣ
̨ϣһЦѪһձȻΪһƬѪɫŨѪĿճࣻǴɽצһ˦ʱڿлѪӡ罫ү涼ץһ
ضļʶĿħţٵͷ˿Լħʱպݺһ飬оԼװԷһȣʵˡ
ʦ֣УٺһƣǷаЦ
촽˲˫ĿѪ죬ѹίõа۸ǲǣһôȨˣӲˣ

㣬ݺһ˦еİƷħ̨ͷҲ뿪ˡʯҪס΢΢˶ȴûпڡ
ˣ֪ɵУʲô谡
˦̨ϵ֧ʣʯЦԼѹ׵ıòóʾһû뵽˱ȥҲʵ޹⡣
ҡͷ̾Ϣһʯһ֣ջУȻһЦؿа£Ȼۺ񣬲һ֮ǲ˲ٺ
ֲҵģҷʲôƨ
۾΢΢һУааŭҲȥ粵ǿ·ĿգȻȻսܣξǿӮˡôӢӵ͸ùˡڣ԰һλϹΪʦս뾫Ӣŵڣ
СһϷɣ
ϷаɣϷ㣡

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һΣд㣬ǻûʼòɿǹһݣȻʦ۷ҷ۷̷˼࣡
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һ˲ûȻ㿴ңҿ㣬ǲ˼ݡ
۷ˣ
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˵ţа±㻺Ȼķȥˡ
仰ȴͬذըһ㣬˵Ȼը죬ֻЩϣΧ۵ŵǣҲȫĿɿڴ
⡭ʲô˼
ѵ˵ŵϵħȫ۷Ǹʦ֮
ң˺ĹϵҲͬһ㣬ȻҪװǾ˵൱صġ
һײ۷źηʥΪЩϹ֪أ
ʯҲ˫Ŀ죬˼ɫƽؿһУһȻ˵ӡ
ǰսŵλŵӣĹȫѡ۷طûè壬ǲǼˡ
ôһ˹ϽĵطԼţչֱ¶Ϊʲô׼Ҫджô
ؿȥıӰüͷ壬˼ϡ
ʯڳ˼Ƭ̺ͻȻ⾫ӢӵǷȷ
αŵսɹЩӣʲôʸӢûла²Ц
üͷ΢壬ʯ̽ôŴȣҪѺ𣿡
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ۣ
һ죬ʯؾ˼O@ĺһа´ʲô˼ŲʺӢѵʺ
üͷţʯһɡ
аµӰԽԽԶתʧˣֻһͷһԴ֪⡣
ţմһͷȵл뿪ֻ˶ûע⵽ǣϹн̰Щӣȴǿ
̰ͿƶʵͬҲԯޡ
ʲôаСӵ˵棬Ҵħںɽ԰׿˼ؿգʳ
΢΢ͷ棺ǣʦȷô˵
ţ͵͵̽ʦʲôϵôͦİ
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˼
Ȼ׿䣬һϤȴǶȻ쳹ڶ˶ߣ׿ⲻǸһôǱھҪ㣬۷ٸһҳ


565 Ӣ۷
ݣ
ƿ죬һɫӰسڶǰͫ΢΢һæȭӿգμ
Ȼӣϵͬʱ¸Ӿ죬ȻʦǳȻ۷ˡ
ѹʦ۷Ƕ˵񣬲Ҷԭ˰
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ҲҺøûʦʵûκαಫҲǶְ
һһң֪Բѵʱϵƹ׿ұݺݽѵһ١
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ٸһңʲô˼üͷ̲סһ壬׿ʵ·Դһһа²ûʲôԡ
²һݣԴɵĵװ̾ʦʦ˺޾ţ
ҲǶ˵Ĺϵȷ׽úܣ
΢΢һͣа¿׿ӣҲΡСɢˣ֪ʲôǹأǵ֮ʱҲø棬ҵùҹɣȹͷ˵飬ܲǰ¶棬ţ
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һݣаɤһ飬˳ȥһգ۵ĹûӰ
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ΪˣȥսһΣ澡ʧ֮ʱͿԳû٣ջشȨ۷ֵط㿪ʼһĴ۲̫𣿡
ذڰ֣а²ЦЩϼһѾٹ̸̣ڣ٣Ҳα겻αûʲôáʱӦһ˫ỹԣȥҲǸ취¯׼ܿŵȨƣЩϼһȨա۷겻֮ܲأΨһһ龻Ϊܵκ˵ĸԤ
ҪһųҪʱ䡢дԴɲһ͵°ԴΪܶ೤Ϲѹ۷߲˭ܿӵ۷ԴǴˮƯˣͬġüͷ׿ҡҡͷ
бƳƳа²Ц˭˵Ҫ㲦ԴˣﲻдѲô
ʲôҵİһ㶣׿ָָԼıӣӵģƾʲôó
֪﷢˲ƣᣬͽܵװȫǸߵƷóһԴΪôˣˣħڵӣ͸Ϊһаµĸоʵ㣬֪ҵʵƻһʵʩءҲֻ㣬ܹһӴصһŵĺķˡ
ʱ⣬ʮ֮ڽ̧ĵλʱҲһһŵڡ͸ˣ۷ĵӹѡ⡣ҲѾų˵۷һܶڽӢأʱŵĵһӵİɣֻܰ׼þˣ
аһЦ׿ȴסˣͫһŭٰٸƶǲǣǶãɸôˣ
˵õҲõҿɶŵĹˣСӦø˰ɡװҲһף
ûУأˣƤ̲ס˳飬׿һƵص
а¼ˣ°Ц龹ǳ࣬һʧӰĻȴش׿ڣСӣԤװ׼áڼȻ㣬ҲøһЩ۰ɣǺǺǡ
̸ȶӸ£㻹ձѣģڰﶼûڣħڣͱȺڰڣ
һͷ£׿üͷ壬ҧгݣţа£ӵţˣ޵ʱ򣬺ߡ


žҹµգ۷һƬ򣬾ĵġһǣѻع顣ڷֹܵҪгһգ֮ء
ЩȻ֮ˣȴغȻ˯һײһӵӡ
Ȼڴʱһȴ쳹Ƭ׵ϣ˶ѹ
Ӳ͵һ˶һĪӣǼϵôֻ֣
ǰȨڴӵģֻпˡڶ뿪۷عˣ˭ӣ
ǣǷӦһϵĴߴˣˣŵ㰡
ԬԬϣ˭ӣǺ鲻Ƕ𣿡һ۵ӼܳסĴҴܣͨԬϣɻʵ
һЦԬϵӪ̣ˮϴˣµ˰Ͻİɣϴܵģ
˵գԬϱܣŸطͨ棡
һɻϴѵŵӱˣôǳ£һ
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һҡͷҲҵǸϵɽȥһĹ˱۵ɽ档
̧һȴǲһΪǸ̨ŵģ룬һλʦֻʦ㣬Ƕ˵쳣ϤӰ׿
վŵģͽܣպ¶Ҷ˶ͻվ硣ǹѹʹһۣеһѹͷĪ˿˿亹
Ԭһ·С̨׿һЦ׿ܼңˣ
Ԭ࣡
΢΢һף׿Ԭһۣվڶǣ콫ټˣҪϢһϢһϢ
˲һ˴˶һۣǲԡ
׿һУЦȣϢǣǵĺӵͷˡǺȻˣǹ˴Ű갲ӡڣ׿ʽӹ۷ʵϵĹߣеӣҲһˣ
²һ£˱˴˻࿴˿ȫ¶һ֮ɫ
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ڿǺŰĶͽǵǶ׿Īĸˣɵ֡
ֻǰ׿ûҪ۷ȴ׼Ȩˣ˲㷣֪ԼδǺ·
ƺеĿ־壬׿Цһ˰֣ģ²ô򵥴ֱҲ˵£ֻĸԸҹʱҲŻܡ⣬ҲҪǵĺϢҴ۷ĻϣٽһӢ۷


566 ŵһ
ʲôӢ
һ㶣˵иã࿴˿ĪѾײˣѵ˵ҲҪ־Ӣ֮ͨ
һʱ䣬ɽ۷׷ס׿ҲȥܣǾɣɻ㣬ڰ֣˰
λ۷ײĵطôģ̭ӣһۣ÷ػţƸΪִ³ϵģ֮١еĴһµµΪΪ˵ϸλĶʳ϶磬˻ȥûϣֱһ𣿡
׿ɽڴȣֱ˵ĶۣȴҲǵʹ
ǰǾһᱻϣǻŵΨһĿģΪ˶
ǿǵȷϲ硣ǵһȷʵܱŻˣ
أ˵ϷһŨصı֮ɫеĸǰ֮̾
׿˵²һЦĵӦö֪۷ĪһţûʵԣҲûκֱӰӷ䵽ˣΪΣĸ֣Ͷܣ
׿ɴһŭǺ£Ӧö˵һЩ˰ɡŵĺڰҲһЩϣӵĲܣŽŪҪһӷ߳ҲԶһ۷ӳ
׿ĻƺȻŭɶ
ȴ̲סӣη۶
׿ıģţĸϲӣҰŪ
Ƕıƻʲôɸ˵ı
ڣʦȻ˸ϵһܺˡʦܳ
֪׿˹֮ƣҪȡ֮֮׿Լ۷ϵһ𣬸ǵĹĸԸԼһ¡
Ȼ׿Ļ󣬲˵¶˱֮ɫƺҲ˹ȥ
еڶ֮бݺˣеʵãһ㱻ŷӴ˱۷ǰͬʦֵܣܵҲǱĺͰۡ
Ȼ䣬۷ĵǾ׿ϧ֮У֦֮ͬ飬׿ĿҲֵһ㣬ɢھ⣡
ԬһԿðͷ֮̾ǰ򵥴ֱģȻҷѣȴǷޣؼʱ̣ضӡ
λ׿ܼңƤһણЩ˶һΪȥĳ嶯ˡ
ǺǺǡ浱ܼҵˣȻһˢӣ
Ԭḧ룬ǻһĨȻЦ⡭
ԣӾȻӷ۷Ӿ۷һӣԶˣִ³϶ɣҪұһߺߣӾͰ
ݺݵؾ˾ȭͷ׿ҧгݣݺݵصҪ۷ֵýĵطÿһ߳ȥ̧ͦͷĽĿ⡣ӽԺ۷ĵӣǾӢЩŵĽʺޣ۷Դһĵط
׿˵ÿҲѪڡ
ڴʱһȴȻ𣺡ߣΣŵԴ䶼ǹ̶ģṩӢӺ͸ϹȻŵӻִ£ŵӡ۷һЩͷˡЩ۷Ҳʵǿ߷ˣֻƾСûԴ˵ƨ
üͷһ˵׿õͼ˹ͷһưˮ㣬һ˲
ǰʵҲΰŲǵԴʲôչ
˵Ҳܸ̭˵ԴΪûɡЩ棬󱳾ӴȴҲˣЩϹҲûа취չ˵
Ϊһ鱻ˣȫûоȻĿܣ
׿̧ȺȥȴǸݵ꣬һ˫յ˫ĿؿŸ̨ϵûһ˿飬۵Ǿ
ʵ͹ۣѴﵽؾһͿͻˣ
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ɺЦԴԬҲ̾˿ҡҡͷϸڣͷҾͲˡֻ֪͵Ǹʦ㣬߳ϵŮ
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ٺٺ١ǵȻԵ븻ûȥ͵Ůϴ裬ûĻⲻô˱֮⣬Ҳˣ
ǺǺǡһǳԵĵ۷˶ףǵЩϹΪξͲԸҽͣأʧЦһӥ쳤ХǱ
׿η۶ɵȻ˼Ҫ㣬Ȼͨˣ˭ͣΪ˭˼ҪҲӣ˵ʲôûõģ
Ƥ΢΢˶ӥãε̾ҡҡͷ
ʵЩףָֻעǳˡ
Ǻܿ죬ͫһһ˦ָ׿Сӣո˵һͨһԻڣҪѿ۷ЩԴȫ߬ϰˡ۷ÿϴôɵģûʲôϡ棬ֻĻһЩˣĿĻͬ⣬޿ɺǡǣһߣƾʲô۷ưԣ
ӥ˵ȴһֿɵӵĿ⿴ε̾˿
ľİ˼ȻֻأվֶҪηмӣ۷ϴ˭䵱ѵ
׿ҲüͷһƣЦָָԼߵͽܵСӣ㿴ˣӵͽܶվӻƹܲ۷𣿡
ߣվΪʦֱ֮ǰδء۾΢΢һУӥһĺ⣺ĸµĶɣ˴±ڶɹˡ£Ҽˣߣٻơ
ӥЦһĵشϲ׿ǶţҲŭֻǲмҡҡͷ
ѾģһǱˣӰ˭Ƕ棬⻹ô
ǣ꣬һȴ쳹ɽ֮ڣ˶һõŵһ֣ӥʲôʱһСǼƽϣֻˣƤӵøˡ


567 ϵԶ׿ʶ
䲻һӥӲӣתͷȴؿһϤӰ˫ͫҲ͵

ӥպ¶ˣֻӥǾ֮ɫ¶ͿնˣȴЩӡ
ƺôҲ벻ףλŵһôͻȻ۷ģ
׿ת׿һۣһɻôǶʶ
Ҳشһ¹ͬһƬ죺أʵҲ䵽۷ʲôˣʦҲã
ʦǵˣǰ̨һнˡǴϵĵӣŵһֹ¶׿ѵ
ҲǼͷĸ׺¶Ľ鶼Ÿ֣Ȼ൱
üͷ΢΢׿ϸϸ˼˵ͷŶԭʱɷأڵ˺ܶ࣬ľ˲ٹ򣡡
ʦĸ֣ε̾˿տ׿ĳ
νʼ磬׿ÿɷ񣺡ҾʹûסʱҲ˶ѣѵ㾭һѣע⵽¾𣿡
ʦţͷ¶һۣʧЦҡҡͷ
ǿǾǿֵĹ׿һ϶ѡڣ׿û
⣬ǲడ
׿ǰһƬӣȻһУ̾ҡҡԴһƬʧ䡣
ˣȻûнԼǰԼ̫Сˣ
׿ûУӥʱȴȻȫˣŵôҲ䵽ز
ǰҪ뾫ӢӵӣΪλˣ׿ҲЩɻ󣬿һԵԬϡ
ԬϸæǸСӣܿȻ׿ܼңҲǽ۷˵͵ȡҩϷˣ
һʸӢŵһ֣Ҫʲôҩɣõŵüͷһƣ׿ؿ·Ĺһۣҵİɣ
²һݣһؿ׿΢΢˵ͷ
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ӥ֪۷ȻͼΪȫڵ׻ܵűġ
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˲ڳˣ̲סͫһ͹Ҫˡ
ӥҲһĽ׿ܼҵͽǸıﾹֱӽˣ
ʲôʦǰ˾ƷħˣǵЩ˵ʵʦԺǵ۽綼ˣЩǰ䱦ҲˣҽָﻹжʮͿмͨˣνʼ磬Ȼ
仰ȴЩһֱȺڲŵǺĲˡԭλˣ˷񣬳Ҳ󷽰
ҪĻΣɱţǱȾӢǿ˰
һʱ䣬˵жؿʼ


571 Ŵ
˷ˣķˣ
һľԺʯ紵оȴͻһ𣬲ɵ˫ǰȥȴһܻнŭȼա
ôˣƽﲻһֽôôᷢôĻ
üͷһʯЦϣǹҩˣܵ쭣
ʯǧᣬҲǳֻʵ̫ˣڰ֣˼ǿѹŭ𣬺ߣµǼСӣȻȫҪ۷ȥˣ˵ŭŭɶϷΪͽǲʸŵģھȻȫҪˣ
۷
۾΢΢һУʯһɻ󣺡вԼҪȥ۷֣Ҳôַɣ
ǣʯҲ㻹֪۷ɡ
˷ˣȫ̵ķˣ
ȻϻһǷ쳹ڶ˵ĶߡһǰȥȴһĿŭ
ʯɻæʵ߳ϣôˣ
ô۷ô³һڳƵɤ߳һŭڵӵ
ԣϷ·ҵ֪㣬ӲôĵҲ޵ҪǷ䵽۷
ߺߣҪҪôأðˣߺ޵˦˦ӣ߳һһ˵СӣһȺȫҪ۷ô죬һûеӰĹ˳ԣҵܾˡ˭֪СӸ͵ҩһۡ챻ǲˡʲô󣬱ʲôҰȫˣǺú÷ʡһ£ϷҲ
ʯŶ˵áȴԽԽŵʲô£ôڵĵӺ񶼷һ
ʯ㻹֪𣿡
һ㶣˱˴˶һۣɶ̾۷һˣħҩҪǮһӣ˸ʲôӢ۷ֻҪ۷ӣͨĲԣħҩͣԴϣֱǱȾӢӻӢĴŵĵҲȻˣԴ漷ƣֱŴȻ֣
̲ͫס΢΢˶ʯɫ˲üͷҲһ૳۷ѾˣεĶ൱󰡣
һ뾪г
ص˵ͷʯʮֿ϶صûһȻĻССһ۷ûи߲֧֣ôͣȫڲðҪӵ֣¿ϣԸˡͨȥٿųϹᡣҵҪλδ㣡
оһʯϬĹԡ˼ˣһȭͷǣ

һ𣬴ŵĸ䡣еĳϹһϱ㼱ææ´ȥ
аҲüͷһ壬ǰȥһĹ㵽ˡѾˣ
˭ټŻģ
λõǰ£аڳһۣ߳ǳΣŵĴ£ͭӿֻáˣʲô˲õĴҪ֣
аµĻдڳ˵ʱ㲱һ˲졣
ʱʯȴǿһݣȻϷõģҲȷ¹ŵĴ輰ʱ֣ӷֺ
Ŷ˼УŹ𣿡üͷһа²ÿɷ
ЦҡҡԴʯȰڣŹҪֻҪ־ɳǣһģҪħڣҲô׵顣ؼڲ¶ˣŵŲԻٳǰ
ʲô£ȻأԻٳǵĵزʧЦһаһаؿʯĵ
ʯͻȻɫһ࣬תɨڳһۣλϹλµǷΣҪȥʲô۷ģ
ǰϷѾһˣôȥϷĵӶܹ˰䣬һλʹļ׵
˵꣬һȴһĵɵ㲻Ӧ𣿡
ɵأӦĻܺ˵ʲôŭԹǰϷ۷һţǰͲȥˡ
԰԰ǵҲ췭ˣڣϷô찡
۷ˣ˭Ҫȥڣ

ʱ䣬һϼһըëĹһصſˮ
ڵΣӴ칬㣬ŵĵӶˡǰǶԴżȴȫǼ۷
ң۷ĿȨЩϼһʱЩմȨĳϹˣ˲ٰմ֡
һʱ䣬еĵǲЩϲģʱǿҵУ֪ΰѿˡ
ɨɨڳǱ棬а°Ц׿ʹпνȭЩϼһûƢˡ
Ʋʱգܽų׼ܿ˰ɣ
ʯɫž޲ؿһУתа¹һݣ˰ɣŵ治ͳ׻˵Ļߴߣˮʹȴߵλʹˡ˹֮£ǿ٣¹֮֮ڰ
ôЦһаµ
ʯٴιһݣᶨ۷ʲôӢ۵ɣ
ţڹ棡೤ϹҲ˲䰲а¹ݵ
ؿһۣа²ɴЦһڹ档۷Ϊħײλã˿ܣ𡣶߳һˣǴţ󹩷һ㡣ңҲڸ֮˵һ·д󹦼֮ˣһԳͷأŴͳǵڹ档
Ƕ۷֣ͬϾɱ֮
۾΢΢һУаºȻһñӿʱ䲻һҲҳˡ
棬ʦ棬ħ֮ڣҲǴΪڣ
ħ䲻ΪţҲйأˣ
㿴ңҿ㣬̬ȣҲҡҡͷ̾
ԣ֧Ƕ۷֣а֮⡣ǻִΪܾ֮ܿͻԴ
ⲻһЩոջ˼һУȥ۷һĳϹǣû뷨
ʯվаԣƺϣɫϲֻ۵Ĺâ
Уոʯһ仰ܶԣߴߣԼĵӶסˣûʵѾأ
а»һԵõĳЦ̤뿪ֻһﳤϹͨӣڲϵس鴤鴤


572 £
аЦԶȥֱʧֻڳЩͷɫǰƣþɢȥ
ʯ̧ۿ˿ˣȻЦ˰ɣ̬Ѿˣѹһֲ߻ģìͷֱָšǴ䷢չȥĻλеĺôƽˮ
ص˵ͷ˽һ֮ͬɫ˲⣬ʵ۷ͻȻðôһԴɲǸСĿƽŵԴȣҪ֮֡ôͻȻóôԴأ

üͷʯ˼Ƭ̣ȴҲҡҡͷнã֮ɫһ㣬ϷҲ˽⡣Կ϶ǣ۷Ǹ߶ջ޿κΡϾӴԴǶǰѿŵԴȣҲƲסķչңϷĵǣûʲôĵӺͷԴҲˡ
̲ͫסݺڳйţһ񣬽ű¶˸صݡ
ԴȨջأڵĸɾȫˡ
и׳нĺܰһ˵ľâҧгݵ̾
˵ˣҲŭһ΢΢˵ͷ
ʯֻתת˼Ƭ̣ͻȻ׳нõĵȷǲҲһУƾͼ𣿡
ô˵һʵ
һϺľ⣬ʯƳڣ⾫Ӣ۷һĻ֮ǵĵӡܰѵס޿κˡЩԴһֱǶķѣȴŵĵӣƻһֱǮҿܺĶãߣ
ߣʵǸߣ
ʯ䣬߳ϱһĴָ̾Ǿ͵ɷʴһףԴĶģкľһ졣ʱߺߣɾǵϲϣˣ޵ʱ򣬹
߳ϵЦڴ࣬ÿϼһĶУЩϼһҲȫЦ
ǧټƵжȨûţ
ȻʱһĮ𣺡ǣҪͶ۷㼴ʦôסأһʱһ
üͷһ˳ȥȴŴϣɵҲüͷ
ϴԣǣôӣһζعأĶܹصס
ʯȴǲÿɷҡҡͷһɱ⣺ɱӺǵӲôһ˿һȻԹˣûʲô˵ģ
²ɿһ£еĳϹ˴˿˿¶Ϊ֮ɫ
ʵɱԼͽܣΪħߵǣ²֣ʵħڣ¸ɱͽԺ˭Ұ°
ûͽܣԴȨ
еһУҹЩĺĴħͷײҶɱ
ƺĵ׵ĵģʯһЦ֪ںʲôνֻҪһ֣㶼ǶˣԺͽͲʲôˣɴһΣ
²һ˱˴˶һۣ΢΢˵Դ
԰ǴҶ׹ͽܣպ͸˶ԣҲ¶ϾǳʱڣǳԴ
ԺЩŵҪʦÿһϹ㾭Ҳûѡˡ
뵽˵Ƿ׷׻һаĻȣ¶ɭݡ
СǣϷ治ǣߺߣưɣ
ãȻҶͬ⣬Ǿôˡһȥ󣬶ҪüͷɱӺЩĵǣͬʱִҲüЩϹ£ûĵӣҲҪˡ֮һ𱳣Ͳ˭ҪԵˡߺߣǾǸԣ
ɨһۣʯٴǿ
˱˴˿˿Ƕͷ
ʱʯֿ˰׹ݹˣΪ׹ݹǰǷйᣬڶŵĳ˨һġϣλԴΪأǰӡ䣬λҲʧܴ󰡣
ͫ΢΢һ˱˴˻࿴˿ǳһ΢΢˵ͷ
ʯˣ¶ЦݡֻҪųϹһа붯ǵ棬ǳ룡
һϵȨɳϹŵģߣ
֮ЩͷǰõĶԲߣ׷׻ȥִˣһ˫˫а˫ͫĥɱԼͽܡ
˭˭Ҫ۷ܣֱӸɵ
˶ȥҲҪ뿪ʱȴǱһϤסˣϣ
һͣϻȥȴʯһЦؿϣ˵㽫Լĵӹ۷ˣΪΣ
Ȼˣ΢ĳڡ
ЦҡҡԴʯԲţǺǺǡϣҲǹӣ£ûҪ䵽ֵطɡңȥһ죬ǾӢ۷ͳˡ
ʯغܳôǺǺǡ̾һҡͷʧЦˣˣʵϴι׿֣֮Сȥ۷ʱϷйŹ֡ǰùȥӡ֪֪ˣܰսʤô
ͫһʯһ󾪣Ŵϰ˰ݣԶ׿ʶ˽ȻԼĵȥ̽ӣʯĳ֮
ǺǺǡûʲôֻζȥʤΣԲѲȥĹʵϷĵҲֲᰡ˰֣ϲÿɷЦЦʯû£Ϸˣ
㣡ʯһ֣ЦպкҪܿڣ
΢ЦףתȥʯûǣתһɲǣɫȴŨŨǡ
ҲûʯҲͬһʱ̣ոջ˫ĿأطŨŨĺɡ˱˴˲ţֻûдٵĺˣ
һ棬׹ݹһص˰׹լۡҪһжЩӿ²̣Ҳûа취
˶Ҫǲ㷸˼ɻ䣬պԶ֮ڣ
ǣͬˣ
Ƕ˵ĽŸոտż֮ڣ顢Ƕ˵Ӱȴǰݷμʦ
ôʲô𣿡üͷһ׹ɻ
˴˶һۣΪ׹ӣӦǰʦ׿ܼǰݻᣡ
׿ܼңĸ׿ܼң
ǾӢ۷Ľ߼ܼң׿׿ܼңʱǸæǰ档
ԣ󹩷һ˴˶һۣнɻ֮ɫ
ֵżɹľӢ۷Ĺ£ȻҵǶˣΪζ
˵⾫Ӣ۷ĻƿأǴ˾Ǵˣ
۾΢΢һУ׹ã̾˿߲ƣ߲˴£֮⡣ֻź֮䣬Ǹúȥδأ
ݹҲǲɵüͷһ壬֪Ǻˡ


573 ̸
׿ܼԶʧԶӭˡˡ
һ̤֮ڣ׹һ׷꣬ǵһ˹۷֣ϳɸæȭ
ŵݹҲ֣Цøջһ˿û׿ӿǿƽˡ

һͣ׿ʧЦһ֣λǰ׹ݹɣǿˣܳһ۵Ӷѣλ
׿ܼ˵ˡνǰƷ٣׿ܼ۷ݱǶаݻ֮⡣ִҲ֮أЦһ׹¶˺ЦݣݹҲͷֹ
ԣ׿ҲֻЦŵͷֱӽ⣺ȻλѾµǴôӦҲµΪ°ɣ

ʱ䣬ֵסˣ˴˶һۣã׹̾һҡҡͷ˵ʵͼ²⣬ҲٲȥˡΪŹֻΪžľǣһЩҪķ֮ȥ
ǰô˵ҲŵˣҪǿݹҲҡͷ̾Ϣ³һΪ֮ɫ
ƺѲµ˾棬׿ÿɷһЦתƻ⣬ȻոųϹѻع飬ȴͣôʱ䣬˽Կ˸Сɣ˵ʲôˣ
˴˶һۣ׹ݹΪĬҡҡԴˡ޿ɷ棡
ǲ˵Ҳ֪˼Žһģѹ֮ģһаĻȣ׿͵͵ؿ˶һۣȴޱ飬ȻЦһûǸǹѹأѹعȥ֮أ
Ƥ̲סһλüͷ΢΢
׿ˣ֪ѾǣķӴȣʵȵǡ飬ǽʦҪǣ
һ㶣λһؿ׿⡣
ʱǺҲǰݵʦкҪ·Ը
Ҳûʲô£ʦеĻţ˵ι£ʮ۷Ĺ£ûλڣ׿Ȼȵ
һʱ䣬˽е㷢£֪Ǻ⡣Ǽλû˵Ǻֻð׿Ҫ󣬽۷Ŀ
һʼ˱ģϰߣ۷ƴУһϴλãʹѪʷ
˽ˣƺûǰʹлظȦЩסٿλȴȫؼ°㣬ޱ飡
˵𣿡
˶һۣ˵ͷ׹ֿ׿׿ܼңǺ⣿
ûо𣿡üͷһ׿ʵ
ЦһλǲÿɷҡҡͷݹЦ׿ܼң㻹̫ᣬħ߱塣۷ʲôСһѣѵΪǵͽܣǾҪΪǸо˸ʹ𣿺ٺٺ١ǻʲôħ֣
о𣿡
Īʼ磬׿˵Ƕ˭ɵģǰЦǵģ˭ЦνճЦģ˭
̲סλͻȻɫ䣬ƺȻ׿Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ǻһĻȣ׿Ȼ˹ݣԼǴ򹷿ˣЩ˾ȻĿŵضǲǶλﰡ֮ΪǧټƽٻΪµĵӽ£˿𣿡
Ǽνλ汻žžžַȣλȻܴ̩֮Ȼԣ׿֮Ҫң̵ȥ˶ͽܣǲӰոݹ˵̫ᣬǺǺǡȷһ̫ˣ̳ɽ𣬻ëꡭ
ˣ
׿û˵꣬׹Ǳŭ׿ҿǴ֣ɲҪ̫ˣ
֣ҹȹλ𣿡
üͷһ׿аЦλ˼ʮĶ⣬ԸΪǰ䡣Ҹûãչǵͽһʱ䣬ǾȻҵˣ˵ѣ˭֣˵˭
˫ͫݺݵضŶˣ׿ĻҲǽ˫ȭ޵Ȼ߬𣬺Ҷȴûж
ãλѹͷŭ׿㲻гϹһϵơһپ٣һԻȥĺ죬ϧҪˣ
ȱôžܾλʼдһսߣΪǵԴĵȨ𣿿ûɷͷĻǣɺ
ûˣûúȣ۾΢΢һУ׹˵ĵ׵滰
Цһ׿Ҫľ˵ڣȻҪҾ͸
ûȣǶλ۷Ⱑ
ʲôͫһȵǲ֮ɫ
ȻһЦ׿ʵ۷̫ˣҪפϹǶλĻȫ۷ռλӡʵ˵þӢ۷ΪӢӵ֮ءֻŸٹ̣һ룬Ҳʱˣ
ʯƹܣڳ⣬ںǰھӢ۷վסţǾǳ⣬ûúȣڶǶԣȫԲһϵƣǰ̡Уޣ
Ƥɵúݺλ¾û뵽м֮ܿ⡣ֻ⾫Ӣ۷ոտʼ֪֧ŶãóȻȥȴ̫߷ˡ
ƺ룬׿ٷŴУйâһƿ˹ȥ
һӹοƿһʱһŨĵ㣬öֻһţȫѪͨ
ʮƷ鵤
ʮƷ鵤ͨ쵤СС⣬ɾ⣡׿΢΢һЦλǰ;еǣұԡֻҪһλϹԸ۷ְұóһŰƷ鵤д
Ʒ
ԣǰƷŶǲ֮ɫ׿ЦλǣͷߣȻõҪһЩˣֻƷҪӿٶȣǲˡϾûôӣҪô೤Ϲʲô
²һݣƺ׿ͼҪųϹǽǣҪǣŵȫڹȥڳɸտӣ
ֶΣ׳нȫһ㴭ϢĻᣡ
ǻ˵ˣųϹӵӣһֱڵ۷ĻҲûдȥļֵˡ
׿һһ£ʩѹܰŸˡǶٴȥҲڻңͶһɡ
׿λӵĽ鲻Ƕپפ۷ĻƵõĺôࡣ
뵽˻ཻ˸񣬽΢΢˵ͷãԸפ۷һᰵϵŵùĳϹһȥ
ǾͺãѾ࣬Ǹλչȭ֮أӭ룡΢΢һ֣׿¶һթЦݡ


574 
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ħںɽ԰Ĵ֮вϴ֮ӥͿա¶ˣŵĲԣԬ֯µ۵ӣͰ
տ԰ʱһƬȻľ
¶׿ɾһ˱۵ǰ
΢΢˱Թʦ춼ȥĶˣæˣµĻ͵
ΪʦΣԺ˵Ҫ÷ִ磬СӣЦһ׿Դ
죬·ɧȴǲ˵ˡ
κ͵һô˵ħھôطεĶȥ
׿һ󣬵ܿ컹׿ܼң˵Ҵߵġ´ҪȥܲҲң
ǺǺǡ֪ͼβУǻһȻĻȣ׿ҡҡԴ
ʵ˰ݷλ⣬ڿǶ˵Ĵ£ȥһЩӰĵǡ
ǽŵĹǸɵ൱ᳵ·ˣȻֵĵ˳Ϲ⣬һͷĵӣҲ൱Ҫġ
ܴǰȥϾǴϵӣȻΪ˫ԷҪִָ׳нļƻȴֲġ
ƺҲ׿еĽ٣Ҳ⣬΢΢˵ͷ
ʱԬϳһͻȻ׿ܼңǰǵ۷ǰˣŵӶӵû˰
ްԸԸ붼Լ£ǾǿҲϡνذ˰֣׿תɨ˹һۣĸվʲôϿȥ˾ְǹɷ̫أҪģ͵̡ȥǣĥľѧ̣ȥ
æصԴ˼ֻص˸ԸλֻԬһֱվԭأЦſ׿
Ϊף׿ոԲǸĸģ˼ڲҪ
Ȼ뿪׿ųһԬϣЦЦû취ë²ΡҶǲΣֻǡ
ֻĸ꣬סĴй¶ȥˣףǺǺǡԬϺ׿һۣղشЦ
ţ׿⣺ԬϣһˣЩϼһȻжˣʼƵӵĻ
ţѾ쵽ǵͼֻҪµӿסǸöٴ󣬶ûκˡŴƣջҪȡ˵򰡡һϣʯ濴ú׼΢΢˵ͷԬһ£
мЦһ׿ÿɷˣϧѲһˡгϹ֮ìأΪͬǿһֻҪԼȻѺۣȻһϾ˵ˡڰ׹ݹȥֻϹڿǽ£˼ʵӣ˽Ľ飬ˣǺǺǡ
׿ܼҲΪӪһоգ֮ǺǺǡԬϴЦһ֡
׿ȴη۶ҾͷʮƷ鵤⻹ֻǣͷˡЩŹϣÿҲһŰƷ鵤ôȥҪˣ
ôļҵײ𣬻ʣ٣һԬϼ
Ͼ׿еԴˣ۷ͷʱҪϨһжǰ
۾΢΢һУ׿ضԬϣмһôʲôͲ㡣ΪҲ֪ϴҸո˵һţа¾Ҹôһ̡㵱Ҳ֪è壬ֲɵҪ֪Ҽҵ׵ǳǻ뷽跨ѹθɾ
ôô˵ǻ൱ԣ˰ǺǺǡǾͺãԬϵЦŵͷƺȻһУɢϺľ
׿ˣƲƲ죬Ҳ⣬ļҵ׶ԣҪŶöû⡣ҪһУƾ˹а̸һ̸⡣
һʼľûħڣһֱŵģ뿪ľ֮أҪѡһפĵطĻԸػǸС塣
ؿԬϷ·𿴴˼²̾һСӶŻûй㶼ͽˡ
Ƥ΢΢˶ԬͻȻ̧Ц׿ܼңΪŸôһƣô࣬ûһ˿رһвˬɡϷ͸˵һ֪ţҵһ˿ɣ
ʲôţ˭İԣаµǸãһμҿһ̰ļһһڶѾٴǮ⣬
΢΢һ飬ԬϲÿɷҡͷЦЦ׿ܼң벻ҪЦϷġݣҲֻиںٵĸ߲֪ϷҲǸһλʦ֣ģйصܡ
ꣿüͷһ׿ǰḡò˵Ǿɣ
ҡҡԴԬϲЦһмĻǰϹ֮ˣ
Ŷüͷһ׿ɫ
ḧ룬ԬȻŵ壬ֻ֮ܳ࣬Ҫǻ龳µģɾ˲ͻƻ龳ǣȴ²ߣЩ˷ˡΪǻ龳Ҳǵ꣬Ƿѣǰľŵûʲô֣ǿ󣬵ȴռˣȫƾʵ
ǣϲߣǱʮۣͨأ꣡ɸǵȫͬն꣬ǵ顣ƾѹƴ󲿷ֵ꣬սеļӳɣǲͬնġдԣҲϵ꣬˫ȵ£ֻԽȴԽ弶ϣ
ʲô
̲ͫסݺ׿һ󾪣֪Ǹʲôȴһ֪ˡ
ңʮ꣬ҲǴδ˵
۾׿ϸ¼жԴ½µļأû顣ѵľħۣ֪
һЩǾйġ
ʥеһأһڣʬŨ꣬ǿꡣ
أܣһ˿ɽȥ
ʥû龳ȥ͵Ҳ
ǻ龳ˣȴʧȥĴûᣬû˻ȥꡣ
Ԭ˵ƺڣ꣬ô£
ѵʥ͵ڷ׷͵
׿вԬϿҲ֣ɼʮ죬ʱҪͻƻ龳ʱȻû˾ǿΪϵĸ֣ҪļֵԶڴˡݣҲֻ˫Ժ˫ѣ


575 
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üͷ΢΢һ׿һؿԬϣ֣˫йذ
ص˵ͷԬϲÿɷЦЦǺǺǡ˫˫ԺģݶͬСɣԺͻˡ˫˫ԺߣǾʮ֮Ǵģݺܶ似ԴͷǼ㱻ΪǿҲ޿ɺǣ
ǵأǰ˵ݵһ˰һ㶣׿ɻ
ʧЦҡҡԴԬзŵ⣺Ϸ˵ǵǶ˵Ψһأ
ʲô˫Ժˣ
Ƕ۽缫ߣһӲͽ츳ߣҲֻԼָʦͽ֮ΨⵤѵһţǲŻΪӣϤĽ̵ʤΪݵһˣϧַˣڴݺﳤȥ֪١ݵһ˵ţǻص˫ͷϣ
Ԭḧź룬һ̾Ҳ˫ͷΣҲ⡣Ͼһö˶˵ĵӾôûˣ´һܿ۵ģ֪ˣ
ؿԬϣ׿Ҳ΢΢ͷ˼
ԵǧУֲСĲֺ֣γѰܹ۵ģ۳ǧĿأ
˵ʦ׿ȫܹҪԼ²Դȥ飡
˰ΣԬƺƽЩľ׿׿ܼңϴҼһܷ꣬ﵽʮľءȻºΣգҲԪͻᱻǿ𣬵츳һԡֻҪﵽ龳һʱ䣬ܹʮĻ
оȻԬϻδ䣬׿Դ
ﲻһͣԬϲ˼ؿ׿гʲô㡭оꣿ
ǰѹءո˵ʮõĻһ͹˰ɣ׿°ͣϸϸ˼ԬȴǾԸӣŵؿڣ㻹ûаѵı𣿡
ЩǸң
һ׿ָһɫĻٴγ֣Ԭϣϴθ˵ԪĻ档ҾѹЩѹһڷӡжʵöࡣ
׿¶ЦݣԬȴȻȫסˡʵ˾Ȼ괢ڣûµġ
Ҫ֪൱ǰԼӵžޡٽʵֻ˺ҧҲʹ˱
ڣ׿ȴǰ곹ѹˣǵצ˿ûзڵĵطı߶ˡ
ֻԬϻ޷ţô𣬾Ȼܽѹô
⻹ǵҴһɾĶ϶ءʱֱɾͻƻ龳ȣˡʱ˵ʮһ磬ҵҵľûв֮׿ЦһȻڡ
ԬȴЩ磬òʧЦŵ˵ͷ̾׿ܼңĸԶԸվʮͻƻ飬ɾ꣡
ԣݸһЦ׿³һһ󳩿졣
꣬ǰɴδҲûһҵþ꣬ǸԵ񡭡
ºħڷһ춯صĴ£ŴϵһƬ󺧡
ŵİ׹ݹˣϽٹϣа£ǵ۷£ͬǵĵҲһ۷
ⲻʱʯһĴٹϣ൱ڽ֮һĳϹȫˡ
ͬʱһЩĵӣҲͷʦбɱ޹Ϊɣԭʦ۷еӣҲǧ֮ڣ
һʱ䣬ӺͳϹɽ㣬ʱ㽫ЭõĹͬˣը÷ֱƬײ
Ÿոά˰µȶ״Ҳر鿪ȴ˲ʯһֲ
а¼ˣȻﶼЦˣƽʱĮʱҲǷڿңܿ׼˵Ҫ
Ǹϲּӣ˭ܿĻʹΪǰǰǵӣûЦôù
һҲ͸еˣЩǡ֧֣ҲԭȵЩʦǡ
ŵĶȻҲǣŵӵľȥִǵ谭׷Ͷ۷Ļ
Щִ£Ҳطֳɣһֹǰȥһɹ߳Լĵ·
һʱ䣬Žţǰǻͬһ漯֮УȴǷֵ𣬸ǰˡ

һը췢һµķʯһ֣һֻ໨ƿݺݵˤ˵ϣɷĩŭ׹ݹϲģȻΥŴ壬ͶСС۷ʵд
ǰһپ٣һ϶ƽȻЩ϶ӦòͿΪλᡭתת͵Ƴһ£֪ʲôĳ
ʯͨ죬ڴڵغŴҲЩã벻ͨйؼ
ʱϷˣЩȻĹϣȫǰ׹ϹϵġЩѵĵӣɿǡ黹мĵӰ֯ģһֱ͵һǸֲ
Щ¶ŵģʲôã֪˭ôģ֯ܣȻԤıѾãΪˣ˶û˻Ը뻢ıƤ棬˺ֻûǸϷ֪˭ϵЩˣܹ߶ôһϹӣǲ޺޵ҧҧʯؿ˶һۡ
Ӳһ𣬶ϳһʯϷˣ˴γϵЩ˵ģ治ǸӢ۷Ľߣ׿Ƕ׿ܼҡ
׿ϴŴϳֵǸˣ۾΢΢飬ʯȻ
ص˵ͷµСӡ˵˵˵ãȻΪֻʵȴɲ⣬ʱ̨ϣȻˡµǣĻϲ⣬ֻӲģȴǸдᣬӲʩ˰׹Ƕ⣬ĹϵӣǰǸǹ˶ĳ֥ùӵĶԹڳ£䣬Ը֮£ЩȫĸԸظˡ˹֮ǿ
̸֮ô˽üͷ΢΢һ壬ʯһֵؿ
촽˶̾ոȥһȥ۷ĳϴ̽ϢһͨʮǰһŮӵ£Ѿҹȥˣ𣬻˵򣬸ƲҲǸƢ֮£ȫСӵĹ·Ҳŵ֪⣬СӾȻÿһŰƷ鵤ƣǱߵԭɣ
ƷûңȻϷҲҪȥˣ̲ס죬һӵ
ʯˣȴһмߣôܻ㣿˾پǲŵ̨ڵĶһЩвˡŸϷ˶ٺôŵù㣬ȥأǲĵߣžǵĸѵ޸֮ƼԺ˱𣿡
ҲʧЦŵͷ
ȷΪǰƷ鵤Ըȥһ뵽棬źˣ
׿һ۵ӣһ֡Ϸȥˣߣ۾һУʯ߳


576 
ҪţȵԼĽӽȥǾһųģ
һʱʱ¡ǰ֮ģոҪ̤һһش
תۿȥȴǰһмؿ
Ӳһͣǳһ£ĳʦ֣㲻ŻҰɣʽôҶӿҲ߼ʽҶ٣ƭң
η۶һŤͷȥ
Ųţ
һʱΣѣǽҲǣҲǡʱ߹ϵ嶯ȥˣʦִһƤģ
Ӳһ򣬿ǵʱŵһ˼ô˵Ķİ߼ô
ǵȻʦ⾫Ӣӵģʱڵʽɲһպص˵ͷһ
ͷһ˿ϸܵ亹ǳ³һ˲ͷȻ˵ǰСʵӣûɣ
ûʲôӥʦ۷嶼ͨ
ǾͺãòƷħøƷħҲǻһ˷ܵĻȣһ̤ţ͵س˽ȥȻ˺ѷεĴд洫ӣҲװ
ԣո·úͿձ˴˶һۣЦ
һĻںɽ԰ĵǰȱȽǡΪųϹڶǰ۷Ϊĵǰ׼սˣҲﲻ
ȫһ˷ܵӣǰԾԾԡϾӢ۷Ĺأͨ˲Ծܵõħ͵ҩִŶûеģܲǾأ
ЩĹϿһУҲϲЦǵͽռˣ͵ռˣڣֻṩӵĻǶȥᱦˡ
׹ḧ룬ͷЦѹЩӶ׿ܼҵľӢ۷֮ˣĺõطϷǵӵĻðʦķգҲҪԴġϾʲôʱԼʵҪġֻҪʵĵط۷Ҳõĵط
׹ǣ๩ϣҲ׷׵ͷϿɡ
׿ȻһЦָָĵţλϹǾӢ۷ŲͬȡĲǾƣǲƣԸλϹڴɿָԼĵɲȥȽˡΪ˵ʵߵͣǵĵܷͨûаëǮϵ
ãԺΪǵԴˣˡڵǵٺò˰ݹ֣Ц
ˣҲ΢΢סŶǾʧߣԼĵҲĪظǻûа취
ôһĻϲ⡣
ǣ׹˼Ƭ̺ȴͫһ⾫Ӣ۷ƣȻ˵ӼĶթĵŵҲܹƽ˶жԣû˾ԼԼΪ֣һԽġŲŲȡ˾ƣǿߡ۷òƣȴܵӵ飬Ϊĸ߶ջ󡣿һУҪ޴Ĳ֧ţ
׿ܼңҲ֪ԴӺζܹ֧ŵʲôزٳǸ취ɽˮʱûôԴǼˣһɾأ
üͷһλҲ뿴׿зԻ
һ׿°Цһ׹˼ǵǳԶ
û⽱ʩȨ֮ƣΪľǼţǵȨſԺΪĵӶ۷۷һҶôô죬õôÿǮ
ʱĸ߶ʩȻܼʩȥΪĵӣĻֱľƣֱײ
ΣѾûϵˣѾˣѵҪΪһ
ߺߣֲɵûôΰ
λ飬ӦòǸÿǵģ˼°ɡң㵽ʱλҲ˿ʧ࣬Ϊǵһפģ𣿡۾΢΢һУ׿аЦһָ
²һݣ˱˴˶һۣƺ׿֮⣬ȫ¶һЦݡ
ǰֱǸΣ
ѹģԴʯǸȥˡԪϣԺԴҲôݵģ
ȫԳΪʯһˣʲôϵ
뵽ȫղЦ׿˱ȭ׿ܼҹȻߣѹֻΣһ˲ٳִ˴ˣ
׿Ҳȭǫѷȴһġ
ûԼħˣȻùպķչһΪħڸ߲㣬ȻҲֻԼ档òи۹ⳤԶģԼȥˡ
ѹаǶ˵űײ䣬ȻĲᣡ
Ҹûûε˴ڣһˣ
ΪЧģֻΪԼġ
ৣ
Ȼһƿ죬һϮɫӰأóǰ
ͫ΢΢һ׹ˣɾϣôˣ
ʦ
üͷ΢壬Ҳңңһۡ
ɴֻƳƳȴûᣬĿ⿴׿ķ򣬵Ц׿ܼҰɣһһᣬϷħڴϣ˴ǰҪ̣֪ܷƲһ𣿡
׿ܼң϶߲ƣ򲻿գ۾һУ׹ﴫ
׿ȴνʼ磬ÿɷ񣺡ˣǼȻ֮ͥµͲΣûµģ
䣬׿ֱǰǰЦһ۵ӣȴʹǰԼʵܳ߰ɣ
üͷ΢΢˶ؿһۣͷ೤ϹˣҲһ޷صԴ
ھӢ۷Ƴˮ𣬴ϴ˴ǰҲġˣȻԥؾʹӦˡ
ȣ̾
ѹᣬͷһ棬ûеỊ̇ϵͷһ̤߿գǰ·
׿Ҳϸȥת۲Ӱ
ܿ죬˱һ̲СϪһθߴӰվˡ
ʯɣ֪˴νǰ
ְɣ
׿ǰ˱ȭոտڣû˵꣬ʯǿӲϣ㲻аµһöӣǰڻҰˣαһ﹩ءԺŴȥûаֺô
üͷһ׿ÿɷ񣺡Ҫǵø죿
ߣˣ֪ءΪаĿɽ𣿴ˣ㵱ǹʹˡһЦʯ㽨⾫Ӣ۷ȫڳϹߺޣаֻǽ֣֮ǵȨˡҪЩţǵķߺƽϢ㿪ô߹룻񾡣أôɱ
׿˼Ƭ̣¶һ˿аЦĿǰΪֹһǰȫģ
ôǿɲһ۾΢΢һУʯȫ͵شǣɱ˰׿ȥ


577 ڤɷ
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Ϣһͣ׿̲סüͷ΢΢壬ԳЩʹ֮ɫʯǳɱѹһɽѹһ㣬׿Īѹףһͱѹ˳Զ
գ׿ǳסˣôվţҧŶķ
Ƥ΢΢һʯƺҲЩ죬׿ĿǾ棬ǿӲСӣ㲻𣿡
£ߺߣ仰Ҹɣ
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۾΢΢Уʯؿһۣãջǿƣ΢΢ͷѹˣа¸һ˳ɴ£ȻЩɫ˸ոϷ˵ĻһߣʲôˣҲ֮ղԶˣ
лѣһעģ΢΢һ̣׿ֱ̧˱ȭЦʯûʲôµĻȸˣ
Ƥ΢ʯ³һ˰֡
׿Цһתշգ۲Ӱ
ǽʧıӰḧ룬һ̾ӹȻǳˣΪȻܶסѹԪǿȵ˵ð۷壬Ҳɣ
ûСӵȷ츳⻹µġڸոһɲǣϷЩɵ֮ĵǣ̩Ȼݵɫ۾΢΢һУʯĳ˵ĵɫȷ̾Ǹ˾̾ǣ⵨³çִ֣һǶԴֵİѿءһ㣬ϷȻãֲһöӣһĲ֮ˣ
ظ˸룬ϳ΢΢ͷȷոȷʵץǵʹţ϶ǲ˼϶ŸȻԵõصġСӣд֮ţλߵʣһ˰ɣ
΢΢ʯû˵Ĭˡ
Ǹа¡Ҳа¸Σգãʯ̾һ
ϼˣתתĵôǽô죿
Ӳ϶ǲеģǰųϹһ£ӲοǱѾڹȥôˡңϷϣͶ۷ˣԽԽࡣɢˣ鲻ô
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ʯаЦ쳹ƿգȴǾĬ֪ʲô
ݣ
ƿ׿Ӱֳ˺ɽ԰Ȼع飬׹æǰһе׿ܼңûʲô󰭰ɣٲϷɾʹȥӦˡ
ǺǺǡûʲôֲɵӣһƴǾûкôҾ׼һ㣬ȥģ
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣬵Ǻܿȴüͷһ̧ԶĴǰΧɵһţЩ֡
ΪΧһˣǸĵӣЩϹ
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ˣһЦ׹ǰ·׿ǽϣܿȺӵ֮Ⱥ˽ȥ
ӰΧһͷ㣬ͷ֮һǸŻƷӣŤһƨ˷ܲѣڶǸݵӣǷ֮ɫһǸ湫ӣȻһʣò治ҹά
˾ôڳϹĴӵ£һӲһУǶǶϹϾ
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Ťƨɲһͣӵʱͣҡڵ֫Ҳ΢΢ͣת׿׿
׿ˣһâȻת׿ȥЦ˲ŰǾӢŰɡ
ȵȵȵȣλǡۿǸӾҪԼ׿æڰ֣ɻʳ
׹΢΢һЦΪһһܵ׿ܼңǾӢӵָɷɷ͹ɷλϳڤɷǵǸϳڤɷͬ˫
úᵱ£׹ʲôǺǺǡǫذ˰֣ȴһɫƺڵķ֮С
׿ˣʧЦֻǻŻѣûʲô˵ʲôɽģѵ˫գֻҪžɹ
񿴳׿ĵ׵˿ƽƺŻĹðӲЦһ󣬱Ȼζͣ
Ҳ̾ҲǲʲôûʲôֵҫġԵʱܻŻȷܲˡ
ؿһۣ׿ر˱ȭʵ֪λˣ˴۷кιɣ
˴˶һۣջɷڵ׿Ӣ۷÷ǳãܿģһǷЩħټݣҲֱһף
һ㶣׿Ǻݺһ飬Цãλǲ˵ˡǿҸɵúãңȻҪöӦý𣿡
˴˶һۣ˷׷״Ц
ţӲְڰ֣ЦǺǺǡһĬжûУոҸ㿪ЦʵǣѾĵɵ֧ˡԣ׼һԴȵ֮áңӢӵѡΣҲָһЩö٣ͿλԼʵˣȫõҲпܵİ
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һʱ䣬˻࿴˿ǳһȾҡ
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۵ôˣ˭۵ӣԴЩţǼѵĵ۷۵ӲܽӢĹأ͵ڲˡƹգͻٿϹ飬ִ¡Ȼô๩ϣԺ󻹻࣬һû⣡
ɷһָͷǣȫͷ˵ļᶨϾǵ۷Ѿ˨һ𣬷ϳȻȫԸ
ţɷһؿ׿СӣǴ󹦼ŸĹأ⼴ǧʷУҲǷë֮£
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׿ȴǲÿɷЦЦԼжţǫ̛ǰϷģеͼϲһͷѡ
˵Ȩ
ҪǷǰܣƾʲôҪΪǵһöȥ
ȴνˣĴ£·һ˰㣬ȿԽȥֿ˳ģܾưڲ
أľֶһ¡ķ׿оڣҪͻˡ


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֮׿ָλ߶˼ûӪлǱ뿪ˡֻǰɲѣ׼ħ
ԣ׿ʱһ˵ЦôôҪаǷݶҶû׼οǣߣ
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׿ܼҷģ۷ĳϣһᾡľ΢΢˵ͷ׹Цһŵ
΢΢ף׿üϵĵӿжˣڹѾ뱸ôģʱ̶ˡ
ˣ
һĴȣ׿һ̤շأȻʧӰһӺֻص۷Ƭƾɵ߷ǰ
ԬڿҿңһտЩδ뾫Ӣ۷۷ǣ
ҲǰЩӻῴСͷʹһ㣬ʱ䳤һôʵûǶƾʲôǹ£
ڣǶ֪׿ǳҲҲˡ
һȻ֮ɫԬϿЩ۵ӾĴһλ˿ԼӰ㣬ĳڣһ޳ʱ䡣ֻҪǼӽ뾫Ӣ۷ͿԳຣˡ
΢΢ͷЩû۾ȴọ̈̄ܽ
һУ׿΢΢ͷ
Ԭϵľǵ˹žȻľأҲòˡͷͷӦöٻе㽾񣬺ٻĸо
ڣȴһûϢǰһ㣬ֱҪﵽ豹֮ˡ
׿ģ˼µľǰڶĸ֣ûһܹﵽ˵ԬֻǸãˣĻضһΪ
˵ˣľҪ̬ܳͷǸŵĻʵȺûٽ٣ȴֺĥľˡ
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ܵüĻǵ֮ͨ·
۾΢΢һУ׿ƺԵĻֶһᡣǰħʣڴɱɱжȹ˼̬ħС
˵ǵۼʥߣҲûа취ͻơ
õ¼ΪǸͻƵĻᡣ룬ƺĻᣬһħĻᣬ߳һͬĴ
ף׿ܼңôпջˣͻȻһϵЦ˼תۿȥȴԬ統ʱһһ·Сܵߣ¶ĵЦݡ
ֻһ̣׿ϤЦݣȴǻۡ
СС֮ǰ֮ɫڸȴ⡣
Լķ׿ЦһԬϣҸоԼҪͻˣܸܲһƧᱻ֮أ
ףǰǾͻôôô֣أһ㶣Ԭϲԡ
ʧЦҡҡͷ׿θͬҸоһηԾͻƣǲ֣׼»ź
ʲôĻɲ㴦֮ˣϾĵ׵ľ棬ͻһͬ죡׿ǼΪԬҲǺֵܿؿ˿ɻǣôҪ飬ôһƽأϷ򶼿㼱ˣ
ǺǺǡܶҪҽ߾ȫˣɰ֮⡣żҲûãܻ𵽷ãһо£ɣĶߣ
ؿ׿һۣԬϲ°ͷ
СӾȻѾﵽ˽ĵĵزľǲʲôħˡͺã˵ͻĵ׵ľ棬ȷ鷳㡣
Ӧûˣ
뵽Ԭؾһ¶һԵõЦݣ׿ܼңҶˡħڣôʱ䣬Ȼᳵ·ЩƧطǶֻ֪֪ˣ
˵ţԬһɭȥ׿ˣҲæϣ
Űʱ֮󣬶һɽǰͣԬһָ棬Ц׿ܼңطƫƧ֮ûҴ
ʲôҾûƫƧüͷһ壬׿߽ɽڣȴһʯԱ߻ľʣ࣬ҹ˾ס֮ɵǱ˵֮أ
νʼ磬Ԭϲÿɷ񣺡ǰѾΪžˣҾǸҸֵʦϲ徻Ըסȥ￪һɽҲû֪԰ȫ
ô࣬˳סüͷһ壬׿ɻ
ЦŰ˰֣ԬҡҡԴʲô˰С϶Ľ飬ʱ˴ɨһˣ㰲׼ͻưɡ
ǡ
ˣˣѵ㻹Ϸ԰ȫźˣҳȥ㿪ػһ˴ģ
׿ûڣԬǼϣƺ׷ȥСͷһ̶ˣֻ׿Ҳ쿴лЩģһԼͻƵĽҪͷ˼ԭ˻鷳
УøͷУ
ǣո̤ɽҪ׷ȥ˵һ죬ɽǰһ任˲ɫĹâ
̲ͫסһ׿´󾪣ת׿һܣ֪ǽˡ
Ϊ󷨴ʦֻһ۱㿴ˣⲻʯµĽ磬磬龳ϲ
ô£־ȻϽ
ʱԬǵƤٴ𣺡׿ܼң֮֮㰲ͻƣ˴ŵģѵ㻹𣿡
Ƥ΢΢˲׿ٴһ磬ҡҡͷ
һ󷨵Ļ˼һںδܹȥлʹסȴǲˡ
ʵ֮ϣڣȻܣ
ûа취׿ֻöһģѡԬˣ
£Ԭϣ𹼸Ҷΰɴһ׿ʼ磬תֻص˶
֮⣬ԬϺ΢ʧЦҡҡԴűͫһɢһϣ￴ţҪ˴⺢ӣҲԣ
ǣһϵĴΧУһ󲨶ûȥ
һ棬ڤɷаźʱȥӢ۷оӢѡε飬ȴأȻеһǿϮһõǰȥ
ȴԶһƬ֮У̹Ȼֱʣʧһ󲨶䣬ƬҲʧһƬ
̲ͫסɷָƬ򣬾еǡǡǲǡ
ϵĿٽ磡ɷҲüͷ΢壬
ɷҡҡӣĵĻҲ˵
󹩷оһаµЩ⡣
չˡŵһɽϣʯҲ󷢳ĵط¶аЦݡ


579 ʮ

׵ɽڣһشɫĻһһ׿ʯ֮ϣɫȻžһƬƽ
֪沼Ļ˭ӦǲŶԣȴ·Ƶģɾ
ҪǰĴûûεĵʹڣľȴֻô䲻ݡ
˭Ƕ򲻹ãȰԼҪԵͻƽ˵
ţ׿ɫӵȻǶͷҲȼ
˴ͻƣͬǰվѸ֪ˣĵԤȻͬСɡ
׿룬Щʱգһֱ񣬰Ԫǿᵽ˼ߵزͬʱľҲõ˼ķչټܵʯѹʱһͻ
ô˴ͻƱȻԪģľΪ׻һͻվס
ûκεҩ£Ȼؾֱսףֻ˵ɹȷԣ
һˣ׿Ǳ̲סȻĻȡȻǰɹĿģΪֹĻǺô
ࣣ
ͻȻһԺ׿һûӦʲô£ͷϵǴػ棬͵ؾȼ
ţƵԪסԺзڣ̵Ľһһʰ
׿󾪣űǴϲһйȻһ㣬ͻվĽࡣԪǿȾȻﵽվˣ˴һͻƣԪǷűǡֱȥ룬ԪϷҪǿֵزˡ
ǻȥǿԪת˲ԺһڲǣƺҪԴһ
ʱ䣬ظеԴһʹҪըһ㣬ʹ̣
ҧţ뷽跨ЩԪҪˡûãԪǲɿƵؼȥ
ǿƣܿƵشԺɢµʯʱѹ˷ĩЩľʣҲȫѹ顣
ɽȻһŨػѹڲţ
ݺҧ׿ľ˼Ű취֪ͻվԪһʰ˵زͲˡ
վԪٷǳʲôˣԴըŹ֡
ͻȻ׿ڰȴ뵽԰֮ǻôԪ˰
ţ׿æתЩԪʼͬʱۼԪ֮УʼԼꡣ
վȻҪֻл龳ʱ۵꣬Ҫȥû˻šһߣȻԪ۷壬м˻أ
겻Ԫ񼫶ǿ֮ĸǿԪôֺαؾһΪȼôǿԪ񣬶أ
ңҲòô죬Щǿò񻰵Ԫ񣬾͸ð׳űˣ
۾΢΢һУ׿ݺҧƴؽԪѹữΪ̬Ǿˡ
𡭡
ȻʱһȴͻȻһ
԰оأҪȴչʮʮ죬ʶһǾʲôӣ۳ɵʲô
Ѿû취ˣϣò
Ȼ۲꣬۸Ҳð
ţ׿æ귭ڶϣ˲ճԪ֮У˴˺зӿƱˡ
Ȼ䣬˻˻쳹ɽ㽫ɽҲԪϵؼѹһܿҪγһĵꡣ
׿ѹҲ˲٣ͬʱеҲһŻֵľ翿
ʱͻϾҪڵһʱһȴشз
ǾҲȻһ˲һ˦βͣɢںϡ
һ棬׿ؿԼĽָһ֮ɫԼʲôʱղһģ
ţ׿һ꾪з֮ĶȴǵսǰǱնµ
𡭡
һ˻ǱɫĹâһӰǵߣҪȴ޿κΣֻһ˻
Ǿ꣬Ҳ·ڻӦ㣬˻
ʮ꣬벻ҲԪ˧󣬻ôæлˡ
һ⣬׿˷֮ɫΪһʮ룬ܴﵽԬ˵ʮˣ
ৣ
ǳ߸߾ٹͷ׿Цһеλʮ졣鸽ۣ

쳹׵ֱǱնµϽâţһشڿշɳ껶ڵؾһ˻
ţʮͻȻΧһȦͷβӣγһȦӷڡȻ˵һռ䲨ԲȦ֮оȻҫ۵İ׹⣬̵׿˫Ŀ
һ̣һȻ£Ȧеİ׹سɽͷĶڣֱ֮ȥһҫ۵Ĺ㣬˲佫ͱһӵ˾֮ϡ
ڻںУɫϼ⻺Ʈ˳ǹ׿Ԫ֮С
׿еһˬʱһ
ǣƬ̣һɾѹȴһƳУȻ
·رһ׿ʱ̲ס³һѪԴȫը졣Ȼǿƣһ׿Ԫʶͳ壬һ㣬⻶ڡ
׿ǶپӿҪһ㣬ʹ̣ѣǿţƴѹԼԪʶҪ⼸Ӿ֮ϳµľѹȥ
Щ̫ǿһֱڷţȴζ޷ռϷ硣
׿ҧأһ𣬲һ
һ棬һǻƣŰĿռ֮ڣһֻСɽľͫһƬ֮У͵˿Զ˿Ц֮ߺߺߡȻڳڣˣǲҪ꣬ɣԾĹźã
ʦҲˣ˫ǳɹˣʱһȻ֮ȴ￴Ӱ
ЦһǾͫ˲мܵߣȻУҲǷëǰˡ֮Уǲ֮ո˵ʲô˫֪꣬ж꣬۳ɹ𣿡
⡭һʱ䣬˲˵ˡ
ɴЦһǾͫÿɷ꣬ԣǳİˡңϷڴˣʸûУ
ǣʦǼȻôΣգͽбҪô𣿡
ϻϷ㣬ȻܳɹЩֻͬϷ£һҪ쵽򡭡
ʦģĸΥʦּ⣿ѵʦճɻҽ𣿡˸æġ
ЦһǾͫÿɷûӣܵʥϷһУðű˷ֵķգҲһʬΡ
ˣʮ׼𣿡
ʦǵ꣡
Ǿһ֣
ðɣ⡭ڰĿЦű𡭡


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һĿĹȻСɽϳֱƲ񷣬ɢŨâĿҲסϼˣɵ÷׷״󾪡
ǻûǷӦǾ֮ȴ͵ؽ˾ǿѹأȻ֮Уʹ̲סݺݶ˶Ƿ˿˿졣
ͬʱڲϵزҲڲסضҪάֽ磬κѹʵ̫ǿȴζ첻ˣ´󺧡
СӾʲôôǿ𶯣
а¸Žµ𵴣߳ңңǳֵĵطüͷ΢΢壬Ȼͷѹˡѹִ󹩷һڹ۶ϱչأĵʲôҪͷòˡ
һ׵СԺʯҲǷվݶϣľ°ͣЦǺǺǡ֪󹩷ʲôˣȻŪ˴ĶҲã˽ҪͷһʱˣӦòٹʲô£ܺãܺã
ͬһʱ䣬Ÿ䶼Īѣ뿴ǹֻ֮ееüĿеȴɺɣ⾿Ƿʲô£ô
ݣ
һƿ죬ԬϵӰس˿ϵߣһɫأڲסؽᶯӡҪάֽļɬݣǻһ˿Ѫʧɫʲô£Ǳ
˭֪СʲôͻȻͳǹѹǶЩܲסˡݺҧ೤ϵͷǴ󺹣ôȥǵĿٽ͸ñˡСԼ֪ڸʲôˡ
Ƥ΢΢˲ԬϿ˿ǽ߾ȫӣ̧ǳаٸǹɹɾǿŲɵͫ͵һӦŵѡѵ꣬ǡʮ죿
ʲôôܣԣͬһ೤ϸǲ˼ط˵ȥʱôҪͻƣҲǴﵽվѣ뻯龳Զأôꣿ
Ƥ΢΢˶ԬҲһãҡҡԴȴǾڣϷҲ󣬵ȷ˵еʮʮơϷûв´Ļһ̾͸ϼ⽵٣λˡҪñ˿ĻģǰҡϣΣǶҪס
䣬ԬͻȻȫƴţһɫĹâ࣬űһ죬һɫ͵شڷɱ
ȻЯŴصĳƣȻǿٽ֮У̻һȦβһ˦Ϊһޣ
ʱ䣬뵵Ĵ֮ڣǿٽʱסˣҲóһ
꣬磡оһԬӡϣȳ
ৣ
ǳˣصҲͣ˷һˣҲһ㶣ͷôˣ𣬸ոշʲô£
ɢ˰ɣǽأ˲ǰȥţ֮һЩѾάˡ
ǲ˵һЩҲףǴ󹩷֮˭ȥţض֮أ
аңң˿תȥˣ󹩷ΪμչأȻسɹǾˡ
ʯҲǵЦһҡҡͷˣûʲô˵ģ϶㾲Ҳձɳأץʱˡ
˶ΪѾˣڽڵ˲֪һвŸոտʼѣ
ǵûʧǱ˺Ľ˰ˡ
һ̣𣬹ȻԬ˵һ㣬֮ϣϼ⻺Ʈ䣬ǵ׿ĶС
ȻǼõӰצ˺񷣬ǵ쳣ӿس˽ȥ
龰ȻԤϣ̲סˡ
СӡȻʮ죬갡
ţǴţ۳ģžֻһ˶ˡû뵽ħڣȻţţ
ԬϲЦ֮ɫҲǷ׷׵ͷ˾֮⣬ϱ
˺ͻƣֵ̫ˣ೤ϲЦһȻصԴ
ԬҲͷϲԽѹͻƣĵ׷棬ԭҪǰ갡ҲԣԪԶˣҲǸ۵ʱˡѰˣȻѰ·СǹģѾչʮ꣬ƫƫ˵ֻоǺǺǡϷһֱ´֣ȻϷ򶼲ˡ
Ԭϻô˵ȴûһ˿֮⣬֮ɫ
֪׿ǰȷΪԼֻо꣬նµе꣬䷢ֵأ
ѲҪˣģ׿ܾ꣬Ϊŵ
ʮֻһʼܷ꣬ۡǹɾͲǳ˿Գܵ˵ģ೤Щǵ
ÿɷҡҡԴԬ˿Ϊ⣺İɣҲΣأСӷǳ˿ɱȣľΪǶ⣬һ˳صģǺǺǡ
ɽ֮УʶڲŰڣӶըˣ׿ȴʼսҧأƽľŬʶѹЩȫϼҲʶƮͣʶ֮У׿ԪһĿϼ
ʱ׿ҪƽľˣܹȻ⣬Щֵز
ĻǰʱԶܵʹ࣬ԲˡţȻˡ
Ǵʱ˿̣ȻͷʹѣǺ޲ýԴˣȴ쳣ƽֳ
·ʹ࣬߳Ǹʹ࣬һ쿴һУǽ֮
˿׿ôţһһѹЩŰ㣬ʱҴҶȻʹ֮ɫһǡ
Ǽ͵ҲյУɥʧ׿ǿʶ棬һѹںϣϾҪΪһˡ
ԬϺͿϾţ˴һ˿һ
еһУƺе쳣˳ͬʱŴ󹩷չأܲ쿴ƵʱʯٴǿͭӣټϹһãӢ۷ˡ
а²мЦЦȻԵõλϣƽʱиеΪ̶̼ڣӢ۷ּʮϹȻƽˡ
Ҳ˵Ȼһϵĸ߲Ҳʯˣ
ʯ˴ӣ˵ɣкδ·аµȻƽѵöࡣ
ؿһۣʯÿɷ񣺡Ϸ鳷˾Ӣ۷
ΪΣ
ŹأȻۣ͸е۵ӣŵĵȫ˹ȥòײ࣬ʵʧͳʯ
а²мЦЦǻڣһԵİ׹ĵħǿΪŵĵӶܵ۷ֻ˵ŲǿˡӦóģŲŶ԰ɣ
˵úãаֳƿ죬һ󻶳
ʱֻ֮ɣһɣʣµһɣǸ϶棬Ҳͬ飬
ԣȺϼһһֱǹ¾սֻǿӲֶǡ
ںˣֲǵǣܹʮظǿˡմȨĸоʱһ㡭


581 
ɫžʯƺǵϣɵһ֮ǣˡŶȥ֧۷ʵ᱾ĩ֮ߣ̫󣬶ҡ
ʯ˵ĻǺеģаҲ쳣ͬ
һö˶˵ٲƲҲأ֮¯ٽһµţȷǻѾ޴ſܶĲ
˭⻨ѲǴųء׿СӴڣһȫˣа¿ɾûôˡ
˵ٽһţٽʮ˸ģҲһüͷգһ۾˭Ǯأ
ǺǺǡʯԾ͹ˣʵʤ۱磬ھӢ۷Ѿݱ֮¡ʱҪǳˣʧ󣿿ңô˵Ҳ۷Ĺ۵һ·Ȼ߳ıŵ
۾΢΢һУа²ЦһˣôʱҲһǾ۵׿˴󹦣뽫Ƹ뾫Ӣţ֪λΣ
ԣ׹ͷӦǣ׿Сʴӱǳˣ˴˴󹦣뾫ӢǱġϷ飬۷мʵǿĵӣʸӢ̫ˣ
԰԰׹һɵͷӦ뻮һĳ棬ǰŻǴûгֹġ
ʯ俴һУﲻЩͨˣһдλΪŹϣѵҪΥڹӢŴڿɽ֮ʱȷ涨۷̭ӣǴ֮ûʸˡ㵱󹩷۷ҲԵӢ𣿡
ڶµĹأǷֹ˽ףĿ֮Űˡ׿ˣ۴ǱʻʵΪϵȡλϹĿãҲйأ˵õڴ󲿷ֳϹϿɣܴƣӢôҾʣ׿뾫Ӣţ˭ԣ
аƳһۣ׹ݹˣϱͷҵȽ飬һհ
ҵȽ飡ͬʱ۷һɵĳϹҲ빪档
ӣʯɫȴŭƺϵһ㣬ĿڣҲһһ룬вܾң۷˶ǲع֮˾Ӣ¾ӢӲͣϷΪ˲֮
ǰǰʯĶ԰һɣϱͷӦ͡
ǣǻһȴǶ𣬴ǵİķӭ֮ʣ̸ǿħڣ˭ǸƽǶ˭һعˣԴΪɣӢӾ֮⣬ǾӢţܳΪӢ𣬸ɴжźˣ߽кҲУߣ
̧׿ȥһƷһŭ˹ŵĻһӺһȴڤɷˡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬аֵŻ飬ôģ
˵ҪӢ۷˭£ҪôõطǾӢѾ꣬ûеľӢˡںòҵһԴͷҪˣҿ˭ҳɷָһɵĹǣŭ
ʯˣȴĬȻǱϻһаĻȣԵĶ϶һۣ˽ղЦһ
а֣Ǵ˭Ϣ
ھӢĵӶˣôüͷһɷŭ
۾΢΢һУаһɻ󣬾ӢžȻˣ飬ȴǸողİôᡭ
תؿʯаµɫǻʣʯٴȻڣɷϷģϷ󹩷ƹţȻҪάŹغ棬㰮ʣҲܰһȺ뾫ӢɡĻϢȥ˵ħѾûˣֻˣжݶ
ݶܽеݶ㣬ʲôеݶɷȥ򲻹˼ң˼ñףǲŽеݶ˫ϣȥ˼ʮˣŻĸˣŽеݶ뵱
˵ţɷʼ漤ؿˣ˵ǰ¡
ɷ͹ɷ˼ˣȻ߶ʮ飬ÿһΪʱսʵ̫ˡ
ֻʯһУЦ¶˵֮ɫһԵĶϣҾ֪Ҫʹ˵ʷӿӸʱˡ
ǺǺǡʯи߲㶼һ𣬴󹩷ֱչز۷ûϣСڿԺ޹˼ɵسˣһЦ̾
ʯÿɷɢâֻа¿һУԽɻϼһ﾿ҪˣΪλҪ֮ء
һ棬ɽ԰ȻǰسһһŮӰǵϽɢǿϢһмؿ
ǽֵ÷зľӢ۷˵ûãǿŵ˶ڿˣһȻеŵ˲ٱǮһλʮṲ̊ŲˣЦ
ߣһͬʵ꣬ǹаЦݣ΢΢ͷʦ˵ûȷ˲ٱǮҸŽа壬˵õøһЩѵˡ̵֪ʲôһƺӴǰ;·ãã۾ۣȻűȾָӢߣô
ǣЦһ΢΢ͦͦظأشȵĹºڣӢŵꡢ壬ǰУЩ۵ʵˣûʸӢ
²һĵǰΧŵˣȻȫع澪ϲؿŶˡȻ˶ǳԲѷҲǱ֮ɫȴǴӢģҪѡξӢ
׿ܼҵȻûƭǣ⾫Ӣ۷ĸǿٳһ֮ͨ·ǵǰ;һƬٲǰա
һʱ䣬ȫ˸߲ҵӿĿ񣬶˲мƲƲ죬б֮ɫ
ʱ顢ǵȸǰ˶һۺת׿˳ʦ֣þòžӢŻѡεӣֻû뵽λûˡϧ۷ĳϹڣֻ£ҪѡΣ˵ɡ
ף㲻ǴϵĵôôҲᱻ䵽ֵطǿϧ˰ǳƺҲ⣬
νذڰ֣ÿɷ񣺡ֻǷ˵Сʦӵˣ۷ǰһˣǾ·֮ᡣھӢţҲѡεôҵʵӦòɣ
ŹǳĴЦ˲ɱ˴˶һۣ¶֮ɫ
۷ߺߣˣУҲְģ
۾΢΢һУеĺâһš


582 
꣬Ȼ㣿
ȻһȺӥӢŵŮӣɢ̹ĵĳޡ
ҲƳһۣм߳ߣԭӥʦְû뵽ܵ۷ˣǷɫǵݡشҲֻôط˰ɡ
ߣ꣬Ҷ֪ô£Ӧñڿ㲻ΪȻܽӢһˣʲôֶΰɣһЦӥҧгݵ
мƲƲ죬˿Ϊ⣺үү߳ϣŴȣűԣ˭ҶңҲֻⲻʶʱСӣԼŵһˣ˿á³Ҳҵģ
ԭˣڳˣ满
ӥǾӢӣӢѡεӵģʲô֮˵ӥҪһȣֹűֿǶ˵ʦ֣ҪοУԸɡ
˴˶һۣ岻¶һЦݣܼ򵥣УʵȻҪԶˡ˭ӢȻǰչʾһ
ǺãһȺһ׳ӣ˳һ˷֮ɫ
һΪ˱̲סҡͷ̾Ϣ
һصߣŶˣ˵ǾӢˣܳ
ҡҡͷŭȳڣѾʲôΪ׿ܼҡ

Ȼĳδ£һȴ쳹˵Ķߣһ̵һƮɣǸոճڵʱֻ߷ݰ㵹˳ȥ䵽ϣǳûϢֻ˷ܵĹâ
Ҳ֮ǰû׹ġ
̲ͫס²һӲתԴǵԪķȴֻǹһ˿аЦջơ
㿴ҸʲôǰûɹôһһƵؿ
ɫ΢΢һĬӣȥˡֻĵȴɵطһ˿ŭ˫ȭҲ̲סݺ߬һ
ǿʦ֣̫ˣ˵ǿУʵôôҪ˶֣
ߺߺߣһ۶ѣʲô˵ġмƲƲ죬ת׿ڳ˵ȣЦ˭ҪһԼʵ
²һݣеӶ˵Ǽɵ֮ɫˣѡξӢӵ
Ǳ֮ɫ˵Ϲŵֻ޾ĳǰһɱˣȴû˸ǰչʾˡ
ǿǣҲȻ˲ѡεģҲģ߲ơ
ǻһаĻȣһ˫ɨڳ˵ӣ䵽ӥǷŭ˫ĿУЦӥʦ֣ǺεӢ˵ãųŵһ֣ô۷ͷԣֵûˣ
˵ʲôͫһɣӥȳ˫ȭǺݺݵǣΪ˾ӢͱȱǿˡӾһҸƴ
ӥϹ˵ʲôƴùվΪ׿ܼ𣬺ߣӥû˵꣬ǴһҲǲסɫҪмơ
ֵܣڼ㣬򲻿ϵ
Ƥ΢΢һӥһ£ȴǲٳˡʱЦٴǳ֮ɫǺǺǡԭӥʦҲʱô￴ķʱ⣬㲻վԪˡ㻹ϳĻǿɾ̫ûˣ
ǣٵ⡣׿־Ĳֻ࣬عĲӻ𣡡ҧҧӥɴȳȭ꣬ӥˣ
龰Ƥһ̾ҡҡͷ
ͳˣȴǱ˴˶һۣ¶˽ЦݣçϹ˰
Ǻ˵Ľע£ӥȫƴţ͵˹ȥצһֱ̽ǵʺ
Цһ˿Ϊ⣬һһظֵǿƱ͵ѹ˹ȥ
˵ӥһʼǿӲҲףؾĹ࣬ӲԪĻһ֮С
ԣڶצཻһɲǣȴǶһת˲ҵײǴӲһ½ץסݺһ

һĶţҲ̲סһɫŤ
˼ˣ׷׵ͷޣǵŵһ֣ȻսԸ
ʵϣյĲ࣬ҪԪԪĲࡣֻҪԷԪӥٱܿԷͻһʤġ
ڣʱռϷ磡
ǻ˼еؿӥο˵ʤͫһɣ˫Ŀ֮ɢŨҵɱ⡣
ˣ
һĲӥʱ㱻˳ȥԴһƬը죬߿֮Ѫ
Ԫˣթ̲ͫסһǵһţǰҪ
ǾʱһӰȴǰһָݺݴؿڡ
ۣ
̲סһѪǵɳȥõϣǰȥȴһаЦؿոвԪģǾȻţǱĸһʸӢ
㡭ðѪݣһߺ޵ؿѡεӵôֵĵ
ߺߺߡѡεӣһȺȾָӢֻһˣǻ䣡һЦ¶аЦݡ
ͬʱҲ̤׷ӥԣǱԪشӣطѪĹâһĿڻȥ
ǿѹ̲סٴ³Ѫ⻹ֻû֮ǰһʵˣض˲
ΣѹͷȴǼʱϵһһƣ˷׷׺ƣûӥ˵뿪
вʣҪȥ׷һӰȴ֮ǰ׷˹ȥˣ
һӥǰǹ֮ɫһָ˻似ָȥɣ
̲ͫסһ鲻´󺧣Էհظ֣ʹ似ζˡ
似ڤɷ
ȻʱӰȴͻȻ֣ݺײһ
һ죬ŵŵʮ̲ס³һѪεվԭأ˿ķЦҡҡԴǰҲ֣ϧұ뾫Ӣƿ֮ϡ̫ɢٲҵĶˣ

ӥײǿɳȥ䵽ϣһ³һѪ
˫ĿŶԷӰҧʲô˼ʲôɢ
ǺǺǡľδȻᶮмƲƲ죬岻ÿɷЦǰһɷҼɵֱ˾ӢҲ֪㲻Ľߵı֡һȻˣȻΪֻһؾĲ࣬Ϊܵѿ
̲ͫסݺݶ˶ҧҧ´ȻԴľ
ˣҿڴϵϣƽϣ֮£ǶҼˡУʵǾȻûսǲŻ᲻ֵġеһУǵ£˸Һ˵˵ô
ƳˣɱⰻȻڵȫηηһػ
һ֣ৣǼͷ˲أһż˵ͷ
龰˲ضһۣЦȴȻ޵ҧгݣȴ޿κΡ
еڶ£ΪۣͼĶǧȾָǾӢšֻܽȥˣˣͱԹˣţַһ档
ȫصԴȴǲҷ
۷ܹӢǹľǾξӢӵһ壬ȴҲ뾫Ӣˡ
Ϊ֪ﲻӭǣǸΣ֮أﻹȥأ
ʼۣЩżվ粻һЩԭźǰͶ۷ĵǣҲһЩûڡ
Ȼǵõħ鵤ȴʧȥһĶϡ
ΪۣھӢУʼϰĴڣȲźŵӵݡ
Ƶı飬֪ԼĿĴﵽˣȫ¶аЦݣȻ뿪
ֻ뿪󣬹ǵ˿ǵıӰȴһҧгݣŭ졣
Ӣź۷ӣǽˡ


583 
ĸ˶ٵѪӰټ裬źò
ŴϣɷߣȴһƬ֮ɫڳˣԣΪ˱ıٷΪħڵĳϹΣҲܵε˿ص޹ӵһ˲ţ
ɷĻ￶ģаºɷˣҲǲݣƺ˵¡
ȴǻ˯ֹסشֻʯЩɣǰ׹ЩԼˣҲһƬӲƤסش˼ܡ
ǣҲܹǣ˵ٺҲ˵ʱͣЪɡаǸμӹ˫ᣬйżֵڡ
ЩͷӸûôཻôʱĳƪۣȻЩˡ
̧ɫ˲һģѾˣӾжܳ峿ڡ
ʯƺҲЩܲˣ˿Ļ谵ת׿ϵҿʱˣ۳ɣ
ԶԶԣ쳷ɣʯ˵Դһ֮ɫǶȻϷɲ߶ȥˣ
˭˵أ
ʯҲ̾һæ˻֣еɷͣ°ɣϷѾȫˡȻ֮࣬ǾҸãԺٴӳɡϷ򿴽ɫһȥȺú˼һ֣
ʯǾһֱȥҲȻԻȥϸһã
һϱ͡Ҳֻʯһɵǰ׹һҲǼֳޣǽΨһһ˻ˡ

΢΢һͣɷǷཱུϣ̲ס˳飬ɫ˲ĲõôÿζҵĻһ붼û˵أ
ǺǺǡ˺ˣɷ⴫ﵽ˾ͿˣҲҪȫô֮ɷһϯʤʮ顣
Цһʯаµķ΢΢һЦϷͻˣûĻⳡԽˡ۷£۸ٽҲٰ
ؿһۣаȻɣǲ²оֻ΢΢˵ͷȻʯ˵ˣǱɡֻһΣûʲô¾ͲҪˡϾٿŻ飬ְ𣡡
ǣϷ´һǣüͷ΢΢һʯ֪а¹ôаŭͷ״ǫ
ţʯһȻ뿪ֻа¿ȥıӰȻЩס
󣬴ֻʣаºͰ׹Լʱ׹һЦصָ벻ʯҲгԱʱʵڴİ
Ҳɷһֱĥĥ󣬽϶ĥˡȻ˵ҪֵزˡɷЦһɷļͷ
Ƥһɷһãʲôʱĥĥˣǽ粻֮ࡣƸˡһкܶѵĻû˵أҸǽ
𡭡㻹϶ɣǵĶѾˣҲܲסϲˣ
Ȼɷ˵ȥɷǼڰ֣ʧЦ˵ҲǸæͷϰŵɿ
ɫ΢΢һһƣѵĴȻûܸܵ
ֻа£üͷ΢΢ţ૳֣ʯһ֪ΪΪ֮ı磡
ˣҲ£ڰˡ˭룬Ѿû˵۷ˣɷһЦ
ҲæͷΪ⡣
׹ǵϼһﻹΪ֮أû뵽ʱǨˣ
ǣ̸Цһʤ̵Ľ㣬üɫ̸ʱһٻӰȴȻڴ֮⣬ȭ۷飬ʦ
ףѾͷôˣüͷһ׹ת׿а¡
µĲԽԽǿңа¸æɣ
ԣż߽һۣȭʦӢŵǰȥ۷ңˣĪҪ̤뾫Ӣ벽óã
ʲôһ˱˴˶һۣš
⾫Ӣ۷޽ĵôͻȻȥҲأ
ɷƬ̺ܻŵ˭ĸСôĵӣȥ۷ɱˣûеˣ
ˣǳˣæ״ӡ
Ƥһ˻࿴˿ǲ³ЩüĿ߳ϵŮǶӡ
˶ʯˣǵŮ֣Ȼָʹˡ
۾΢΢һУа²ɳ³һȻ̾һŴ󹩷չ֮Ż齫и߲ˣȴС֣¾Ӣ۷ĳԹһӢѡ۷ͺѽˣɴλ
ߣǲѡͲѡ𣬾Ӣŵĵҿһɷͦͦţȵ
һɷȴ΢΢ҡͷüǸ߲޹أ۷ĵǣԸԸ뾫Ӣ⡣룬֣˭û˼ţĻ뾫ӢЩεģҲǽͷ֮ûʸ뾫ӢһСһ۷һ˶ѡһ֣׳н֮ˣ
̸ܣСȻһӴƣӷȥѵһɣܴɷԣʱ˫ͫһɣҪϻȥˡ
û߼а±ֽסûõģǼȻΪһҺ˿ʵˣȥ۷ңʲôڣ
ǴӢУʵȻԵӳûսΪɣ˻˺ܶˣæ档
а΢΢ͷʱֻ۷ڳûеǹ˵˵ʯΪǳ׷˵Ҳ޿κΡΨһһȥ۷ͷӢȥУ۷ӡˣûи˵ֻ
а½Ŀ⿴ɷǣɷ͹ɷǵҡҡͷֻǻƤһЩŤԴҿˡ
ߣȻΣͷҲʵˣҡҡͷа³̾
ɷ͹ɷˣȴüͷһ壬ɷʵ㾿ЩС˵ʲô
Ҳûʲô˵Ҫп뾫Ӣӵʵһʦ񡣵ʱΪЦͷŴӦˣ˭֪׶

ɫ΢΢˳˽ǳ̾ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ɷа£ɫصӢ۷ȻֲֽöС֣ȴָʰ̯ӣ
׿أôû¶棿ûлشʣаֻȻʵ
׹æƺм´ѶղӰˣ
Ǿ͵ȥɡùµ飬Ǳʯǿˣߺߣ
һЦаȻת뿪ֻһɵվĪ
׿츳ٸߣҲһӣѵǳϹΪֵ£ȫ㶨ˣ
ԷɲֻӢô򵥣ɻͷء


584 
׵ɽУʱһƬ棬Ҳ
׿ʯϣϥǰʹ֮ɫ˶յĥϣ׿Ǿԣ׿ʤաЩĥûƢ
ʱ˿̣׿Ǻǳʶһѹ棬Ǿһһ㣬ѾҪΪһˡ
ϼͬһɴǰ棬׿ʶѹںϽȥ
ˣ
ͻȻһռ䲨ǲϼ֮أȻɢ貵ĹâűһǿȻ׿ڲϼѹӴʶһûɲסբǹâɢ䴦͵ӿ˽ȥͣͣ
еʶʰ֮к׿Ժŵʱ·ؼһ˿һ㡣
׿ҲôţϹžһʯȻ

أһ쳹ص׿ԺгХϼ֮ৼֻצ͵ץ˳һչһɳĲأȻԺ˻𲻶ϡ
Щϼɺ磬Ҳ˿ɴϣΪۼסԶԶȥԶž·ңò磡
ͬʱ׿Ҳ͵˫Ŀо˸Ŀ쳤һХ֮졣
𡭡
ǿ˷ɢ֮һнԻΪ顣ǿϵǿҲɵúݺݵزһ¡
λ΢΢˶ӣ½ЩȻ
೤ϿһԵԬһۣ˵еľ죺ôû뵽ո۳ɹ˰Եٽ磬ĵӳ֣ոһ˵þҪЩ©ˡСӣ˾氡
ǺǺǡ˭˵أϷҲǵһνӴ꣬û뵽ôǿḧ˸룬ԬȻͷ
е׿ȫ֪淢һУһ𷢳֮󣬱־ϸ֪Լı仯
ֻɽ֮УҶ²쿴һƬ档Ժ֮УֻϼҲĴתԼ˶ĿĿȴҲɽľ
׿Ϊ׿Ϊ׿ʱ˿̣Ѿ׿ʶΪһ壬ΪԪ֮
Ҳ˵ˣ棬ɿԶǻ龳ͨţ
ҪվԪǿض࣬൱ڸԪһסվ龳ȣֱС߳ߴ󺺵Ĳࡣ
˭Ҳ뵽׿̥Сӣ߳ߴ󺺵
ҪǸ˽֣ǵðѶԷɣ
ǺǺǡһؾΪһؾ꣬ӹȻǸ̬׿˿Լڵӣ׿ʧЦһҡҡԴ
Լû뵽ͻƣ˹鷢
ԼǰҲӲѰ·Ҳνˣ
ˣ
ͻȻһռ䲨׿һûʶʲô£һɫĲأȻﴦɢ˳ȥ
ǹѪɫĹâ֮ʱһ帯ڣΪһ̲ճҺ壬
̲ͫס͵һ׿´󾪣ĪæĲ쿴ȥȴȻ֣ͻƣڵѪӤҲ˳ͻƵվΪ
ѪӤؾ飬ڴﵽվԪǿĿ£һոֵʮǿ
Ի龳깥ѪӤԪҲԻΪһѪУ˺飬Ԫ
ѪӤħΪǿԽӿֲҲΪΣѪħһʥߣʥôţƵԭˡ
뵽׿¸ӾϲһĶϻ֣Ҳײˡ
ѪӤ͵ϮֻҪ̫ǿĶ֣˭
ɽ棬Ԭӡһ򣬽ٴչڣǵĺӲסһ£ЦûˣȻȻۣԳ׳ˣ
ǣ΢΢˵ͷ빪һݡ
ǣǸҪֳȥ磬ɵʱһɫȴȻһײ˽ϣǵʱһϢЩڡ

΢΢˶೤ϵɤ类ʲôһ㣬ҭסˡԬϿЩ֣ɵôˣ೤ϣ
СӸոַųһԪһû񣬱һ£Цһ೤ɫǹ졣
ЦҡҡԴԬϲÿɷذڰֵǺǺǡ£ո۳֮꣬£ೢһҲ
ô£
ɫǲ⣬೤ĳСԪȫͬһֺ룬ȷڶȴɢа֮˼֮쳣˵ֲͬԪ񣬼ֱ෴Ԫ
ʲô
üͷ˲Ԭ˳˼֮УֲͬԪѵ˵Сϻʲô
䣡
Ȼ˼ȥһ͵ɽдűϺݺݵض˶ӣȻ󼱼岽һȻؿ
ۡڡǸϣԼķʽֳ˾֮顣
ԬϿһУʵǼôˣ
Ĭ೤ֻǸɽþ˵һ仰
ǵĿ򡭡Сˣã೤ϲ쳣ɬ˵ڡ
̲ͫסԬ澪֮ɫ
⣬ôܣ
˿ɶǻصĸְָܹԸصߣǿôƽ⣿
꣬ո۳Ҳǿ̶ֳȣ
СӣϾжܲŰ
ؿһǸɽԬһ̾سһ
֪ʱ˿̣׿ɽҲȻˡΪĵطѾ֮ܳΪɽһ
ΪԲģ֮ڣеһУȫΪ촷ۣռ䶼ڲͣ𶯡һֻҪ𶯿ռ䣬ͻᱻȫ
ͫأ򣬿𣡡۾΢΢У׿ͫУĵɫԲ˸
ڸոգѪӤҲͻƣ׿Ԫ˲Խһµ̨ףȻȻ˿ͫһͨ
һйһͨΣգֻҪʹУ֮ڣռ䶼ھ𵴣ޣ˭ҲҿͬʱֿԴԷһֲ
ɱ֮
ǧ಻ܽҷֺ֮۵ܣɲҴģ
ǻһаĻȣ׿¸˵Ըֵֶ࣬ȫбϣڿԲηηβˡ
ոգԸоǵ֮£ֱӱɢޱߡ
ֻҪһĶֵأ֮ڣף˭һս
ǵۼֲͨÿһж˰ִ£
²Цһ׿̤߳ɽǳ׳ˡʱһĲùɽ뿪ʱֻһĶߡ
ΪһУɢˣΪޣӰ١


585 ŭ
׿ܼңڳ˰ǺǺǡϲϲͻ˳ˣ׿ո߳ɽûãԬϱ㲻֪˳һЦؿȭף
׿һۣ·ʲô¶ûз㣬΢΢ͷЦǰ˸õط˳ͻƣȻҹкܶ鷳ˣ

һ㶣ԬֵؿЦ׿ܼңѵǰ췢𣬱˵Ǹ硣۹⣬Ӧܹǲ󷨰ɡ
ǰҿˣôˣ
֪Ե𣿡
룬ôˣ׿һȻӦ
龰ԬȴشסˣſЦҡҡͷ໹Ϊ׿ܼҳصĵһ£ǰʼĩˣ඼Ѿдˣû뵽׿ܼҾ˿İС϶ô๦ˣ
Ҿ֪϶Һ˽ڣҲʣ粻ˣ
ɴЦһ׿ĵԬϣʵҾħջ񣬾ʶˡ̸۵ĹУȷкܶ򣬶һĴ󾳽磡
ŶĴ󣿡۾һԬȤ
ȻһЦ׿һؾ磬֪Ȼ಻֪Ȼ¶֮ڣͿڶؾ磬֪Ȼȴ֪ȻΪǣޱߣؾ磬֪Ȼ֪Ȼ͸һУȴĿ֪ؾ磬֪Ȼȴ֪ȻѵúͿ
ԣԬɫ£΢΢ͷ
׿ٴЦԬϣǰڵؾ磬̫͸ȴ̫أоظһв̤һĶ࣬㯡ڵң˵صıˣǺˣλĿΪΣֻҪ֪㲻ẦҾ͹ˡңЩҲ֪ΰһǷһ顣Ҳ֪ǵݣԺͲûˣ
ǺǺǡ㵹
ʧЦҡҡͷԬؿһۣһ׿ȻԼߣıƣָ㽭ɽУһЩСıСֶΰˣվ䷱һաܹ̤ϴǴǻۡ׿ܼңˣʣɾͱȻ˿ɱȡ
ԣԺҰɣ
ǵȻħϣΣϷһͦ㵽ףһԬϻ
һһٶˣѵõسЩ飬ȻԻСžŲţҲǾܵĿϲˣ
ʱ󣬶˲˾Ӣ۷Ҫĵطɽ԰ֻĳ棬ȴ׿һ㶡
ôˣôĸǰô˽вԣ칤ȺСӵûˣ
иܹ̤߸
׿Щɻ󣬿ԬϣԬҲһӣüͷź˼
⼸׿ڱչأһչأһ۷;Ӣŷ飬ȻҲˡ
ʱպ¶˿׿֣ȴǵʱһϲ˹ʦڻˣ
ôģҲ뿪˼죬ôſȸˣüͷ׿ʵ
˴˶һۣ̾ű㽫ӢǰҲ˵һ顣
󣬿߬ȭͷҧʱҺ¶ĻҸףһ
һʲôඪСѡΪһƷħͿԸհص˿ˣʵǿջȡ
һ׿ѵһͽܵĲҲһɱ⡣
¶̾һʦ۷ӵĴܴЩԭŵĵӣЩˣ
˴һӣ˭ˣߣһ׿۾һУϸϸ˼ˣ֣طȥ뾫ӢλҪ
üͷһ¶һֵʲô
ǲ˵ǵĵӣǳսôȻҪȥˡңΪ⣬ӦǵЩħһϵڽǣԽһ䡣У۷ĳϹȫ㡣Ȼ۷Ӣɾˣ
ʲôҲģΪҪһͻˣȻ۷Ҳǵ۷ˣŵӼǣҪ߿һۣƾʲôûզľ˰
Цһ׿ָָɵСӣԬϵ˰ɣڶؾ磬֪Ȼȴ֪ȻΪǣޱߣ
Цŵ˵ͷԬĹâ
ռˣȴĪڴʲôգ
վʲôȥ﾿££Ƴһۣ׿Į
һԸϾʦԸջǱ˱ȭŭһͬԸ¶뿪ˡ
Ŷ˽ԶȥıӰԬϲЦһ׿ϷŰ׿ܼңոϷ˵̤˴˴ǻֿۣʼˣЩСˡ磬ƻѪȰɡ
ߣǻԼ·ģСЩ˵ġµ͵ɵﻯֱˡôߺߣҼɵ̸ȶҶҵˣ
һâ׿ȫɱ콭ӿ˳˲ܡһЩ׼ŲԵĵӣո̧һֻţδ̤룬䲻һӿɱ˹ȥ
ԬϿţһͷ
׿͹ˣɢɷأȴζĸǴ
׿ͬƽ￴ɱûһ˿һɢ·Ǹӣͨˡһ֣ǹɱʵʣ콭ˮܽû档
ӹ˺͸ֻ֣ϢȻɼߡ
ڿŭˣҲ˵˰ǺǺǡúôһɣϷһͦ㣡
ظ˸룬ԬǻȻЦݡ
һ棬ڤɷаδӵ⡣ΪǱжϺ߳ϳţʯûȷпʵ£Ҳ޿κΡ
ǲװˣڹ棬۷ӵģӶ˳оӢѡأ
Ȼ˲֪ʱյӰȴس˵⣬׿롣
ⲻ˴⣬ֲǲ֪ʲô
Сڸʲôû׷ͦôôң磿ɷһ󲻽⣬ˡ
ɷ²ѵ뻺ŵգ
ٻͣҲôİɣⲻǰһ￴ЦôһݺӣɷܻǰһΪСǸ˲ţû뵽ôثʵǿʲôãѳɴߣ
ֻа£۾΢УЦƺȻ뵽ԭɣСӵ֪Ҫˡ˼磬ΪǺãǿ⣬ǿɲҪ˼һⰡң˼һҪħǼǵðǷݶҲҪ
У϶Ϻ߳һȥɣȻȻܰѵ˵үү֮ˣǺǺǡ
аµЦ˲סˣɷĪôˣҪհҪˣǻʲôɴСӣ
˻ʲôǺǺǡ鲻ǲˣֻǲ֪СӸôҪճˣòҳְɡӣаµâ


586 
һԭľСɽڣʱȴһƬֲһӶأʳ̵룬䴨Ϣ
ʳʢŵģζ޼䣬˼Ʒ
˵ߣȻЩΪѭ̣дϲ֮·ŻῪ
ϲϲϼϲϲ屯
ǣȺУȴϲޱһı飬ʱҪɼһ㣬ȴֳ޿κΣ
ǡӥˣһһſǰϯλϣɫĮؿ£ЩӵҾ±ѹֵգʱڴˣ߱ĵѣǾ͵ùˡ

һ죬Ǻݺݵһӣ̵ģ׿ܼǳʲôˣǶԷ̫ʲô磬Ҫǵֱд
ǰǰôίȫҲûɹôҵ¶Ҳһŭ
ӥ̧ۿ˿ǣεǻ̧ƨ˰
ΪǲôǸ׿ܼӣϾ˼жǣĻˣ
һɵؿǶ˵ҵǺ֣ʲôҲŵĿ֮ѵ̵˵гϳû취˾̫˰ɡܴ裬ܰõ
۾΢΢һУӥһŭɺݺѹҲǿ׿ܼϣҲ֪ڱ˺ҵ㱻ϣͱˡ׿ܼһͻվȻˣӣҾͲܲ
ʮƷ鵤ͨ쵤ɣ
һ΢΢ͷȻⵤҩȷ棬ҶӺãҲǱ˵ȡ׿ܼҲȷʵͨ֮ܣΪҿųϹҲûһܱȵȴǡ
ҡҡͷһ˿ʧ䣬ת׿ʦ֣Ϊʲô
׿ҸߣĻɫһĮĳ
ݸ
ôദǱ˴Ҳ˽ˣ׿ߣҲĿġǺΪ˱ø׿ܱǰ;ӥΪ˱ǰԩ֮Ҫ׿һҵҲڡܽǰͷϵһ⣬ٸ˲ˡ
ڣҲȻˣŵȷƼˣԼŮңĵ˳ɼﱻһ⣬Ƕһۡ
ӥȻŭ飬ԣʮϲġ׿ӴĲǧʼҡҡ׹ˡ
෴ģǹŴϵĵˡǰҲߣȴ׿ֻΪһ򵥵ĿģԼʵ
ΪʦѸˣܲġڣȴ̫ˡ
ϵһҪסЩѾ½ˣЩ⣬һЩųϹŵĵӣҲǰ֣ƱȻôǰˣǿҪסУҪٱˣĻ֮ǵģʱպ¶ǰɫ£һǵظ
ͫһɣǵİ𣬴̵ģ̫Щ˿϶ϼһģǳ󣡡
Ҫնϯֳʲô֮ԣǶ֣˳ǵĿʵ͸ϴŮһһٴѵԸնĻǺеģǽʱһҪ侲
ݺ߬߬ȭͷǳŭһ˱˴˶һۣҲ΢΢ͷ
Զ׹˵Ķ̾˿һԵݹʲô°׿Сһʼļͦģһи׳нԴԴڵ֮֮󣬶Է֮֮ͬͬǸ׳н֮ơǣĲǵӵˣǵӵġϴһ֣۷ӵûˣɢˡôһĻӵľҲղ˰˵׿հȴô˻У
ǰǰһ£ϷͲˣߣһݹת׿ЩĳϹǣֻųϹȫ֮ɫһϷӣЩͶ۷ĳϹȴɫ˵ƣЩɣԼľǶǴˡ
νһһѣ
СӲˣҪ˼ҰԺͣȴǸŶ˰ˣʲô
һʱ䣬˵жǳŭȴǲ֪
ݹҡͷ̾Ǳƶû˭Сǰۣ
׹Ҳֹסҡͷ̾Ϣ
һ棬ʯľСԺУϺ߳϶ˣȫһոµĽһ⡣
ʯҪһȥ𣿡ϴЦһ
˰֣ʯЦһǶ˵ǣϷͲȥͷˣ
ʯͿˣ֮ף˴棬û򣿡
ǺǺǡˣ˴ûȥ˼ȥѵ¸һѹ˵ͷ𣿡оһʯ¶һթЦݡ
ԣ߳ϸϸ˼˼ɴЦˣС棬ͷʯѹ󣬾̫ˡǶȥԣ
ʯ΢΢ͷؿһۣ߳ĲȷǴ⡣
Ϸȥˣˣ
ҲǻȻ򣬽ŴЦܸ̫ɫ
û뵽ǾȻһΪҪ۷أʱ߳˼ĳ
ЦҡҡԴʯÿɷ񣺡Ҳ֮⣬Ҳ֮Сǿ룬׿ȻйǺ͵ҲΪа³ġа޷ֵ飬ųԳĶࡣϾ۷а¼ƻеһǸˣһӶѣɳﲻѹ֮£ֻһˣʾôһ仰ôֲЦˣ
ǾǰЦˣЦԽǴԽݣɴЦһ
˶һۣҲȫЦ
΢΢˵ͷʯЦһˣΪһԺͣǾͻи𣿺ߺߣǡǡ෴ǵʤ׷һٰεжþӢ۷ʧᣬȴģߺߺߡ
ʯģף磬ԻȫûУҲˣ˻࿴˿аЦűȻȥˡ
ʯǵıӰʧһ֣Ц֮ԽԽ쳹ա


587 Ӣڶ
һĵͤڣһΪŮһ۵СѾڴͤµϪУĴˮƯ
ϸȥȴǰЩʱոոմһ۷ɡ
֮ɷǻȻǺһѵ⣬пʵǰŵĳүүʯǵ˿ġ
౻ѵ٣Ҳʹ
ɷҲΣ󣬱㽫Ұǹ˽գ׼ǳȥˡĵֻöһĴˮ棬ˡ
ʦãڴϷˮ
ͻȻһЦ˦ֻѾ΢΢һͣתб֮мߣôôڶˣ⾫ӢŵĽ硣ҵʱ䣬Ҫˣ
ǻһаĻȣ̧ŲǰϸＸ䣬ʱ۾һϲгģүүꪶˣ
ٺٺ١ģүүҵġϵǽտ϶ᱻϼһȦƷħҵҪ֪꪿רƽ֮ϼһھӢ˽磬ҲԴҡڵ߳ȥü岻ɴЦ
ˣҲ־ϲæ˵ϣֵǻʲôǸϽȥɣǻûúóȥ
ʦãҵĻû˵أʲô
ȻѾͷȻϲԽˣɳȴŶһ㣬ԭأһֻɢаĹâ
꿴һۣһ⣬ȴǴЦʦã¿ûа׳ԵͣүүꪸңҲġȻֻǹظգ˼ҿɻûôżҪȥҲ˼ҵķԸǣ
ʲô£˵һϵƣ¾ҵ£΢΢ظʮ̹Ȼ
΢΢˵ͷ岻ЦһʵҲûʲô£ֻȥһѶѡ֪죬ΪϼһҪǹ𣿻ֹӢŵˣ룡
ΪΣһˮĴ۾һãʵ
Цһ岻ÿɷ˵һţȥ۷һ۷ȻҪ磬˵үүϼһǴȥġ£ٳúһǱȻƼˣʱүүҲͷ۷˵ˡΪ˲ִϼһŰȦģ
ʲô£
һ㶣ڴƬ̺󣬺ȻһЦ˳۷ĸϹҲ߯ûˡˣȻֻɫȻҲŹǽʾ֭ԸҲ̫˰ɣ
ҲЦŵͷϵ˵۷ˣǸӣǳϹЩϼһ档ңƺɵţԳϹӡƴһǰϼһҲΪˣ
ţһᳫӢѡҪԲΪأԼϣԼִôɸӸϹⲻôѹˣҪͷϴˣ겻ЦһƤ֮ɫһץƣ㼱͵ȥʲôǲôҵ뿴۷ĸӣ˲ҽô󵣣Լͷģ
ҲЦţȥƾǸΪֺӲͷƤôµġˣҲղ̯ӣֻͶˣ
ҲǼЦһصͷ˱㼱ȥ
ಣ
ͻȻƿ죬ţһɫȴأȻֱȡǶԴ
̲ͫסһ˲´󾪣Ӽһͣͷһ˹ȥ
һǵ׶˶ɽУһŮӿ£ǰ׶ϣݣȴŨŨɷؿ˵վӢŷɽеӲ׼֮ˣѵ֪𣬻ȥĶ
ϣΪ˭û¸ɣ·ԭǰʦ㰡̧׿Ůһۣ겻Цʦ㣬׹ȻǶ˵үүԸҲòŴǰɡ
Ƴһۣÿɷ񣺡үүйĳЩҲദò죬Ҷ޹أҲὫݳԹҲάŹذˡ
䣡
һĴָЦһʦΪ˴£ʦ֮ҲһֱʦĽʦԭڡ֮£ʦòҪ¡һհظ֣ʦظ֣Զһʦ㲻Ƕְɡ
ŶôĿ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һЦһ壬ÿαòƶûӮҰɣʲôʱ˿ˣ

Цһ¶һ˿Цݣʦ㣬ÿҶ£ֻΪҶĽ֮飬Ͻˮ಻βͬһ²ˣ
Ŷ⻰˼˵ƽʱˣ
ǵȻһŮҳĶ֣¶һ˿񣬳ԡ
ͫһ΢΢˵ͷЦܺãǾͳôʱʦҺúһ湦ɣ
䣬ýһ̤ǰ˹ȥͬʱа׶׷ɣŮɢ㣬ͳ¡
ĵŵǿԪʱó̲סͫһ𣬶˿ȥ
䣡
Ȼ䣬һ㣬ǰ֮أʱ㻯ΪһƬ棬Ӷʮ֮ǧ֮ࡣ
ɫ岻ҵŵɫЩɷסȻոţĺ㣬ףʵһ㲻֮£й֮
ÿսȷûгȫȴףȫҲδŮ˵Ķ֣Ըɴౣʵˡ
ȵؼʱٴֲ
û뵽ʱ̣˿ˣ
׷籩
ۿŶԷٵ׶ٴԼ˷岻˫ָ£ݺǰһ˲ǻһƬ죬͵ǰ˹ȥ·ҪѶԷȫû֮һ
ˣҲǲɵøæӡ˫һɹɷ㻯ΪЯǹɻ𺣣ͱȥȴǷƣǿ˲ֹһ㡣
˵겻ضѣ˵ȷϣʱΪмķ
£żᶨĹâ
ǰˣȻڳ֮ɫҲżٵ׶ǰһӣ㻯Ϊ£͵سǻ𺣷ǽǻȼյȣ͵ȥ
ǻ꣡
̲ͫסһ˸ǿƵѹ´󺧡˺Դһأ
ǣڴʱһ̷紵ЩȵǵʱǾĿУ˲仯Ϊŧˮȵǰ䵽˵ϡ
֮ľ㣬ݲΪ˺ɫ


588 
궾Ыͫ΢΢ɴг
ԣһЦ֮𣺡ʦãһߣպʦʦǼȻҪȥ͸͸ֺαطҪأ
ৣ
һӹ˵ǰسһɫ۷ӰǻаЦݣǹ޿ƥеƣʱð̲ס岽ſͣ
ǿһĹ࣡
۾΢΢һУ²һݡ
ˣȴһϲгЫʦ֣ڳˣҳʱ򰡣
ǺǺǡҳʱʵѳأ˴ΪǶЦһЫǻصĻȣǵҲҵҵ񣬾ǰǰȻͳȥ
üͷһȻͷвϲЦǺǺǡǰЫʦʯĵӣһ˰
Цŵ˵ͷЫȥת׿淺˪İʦãӦվߣֻհأұǿöࡣң޷ִ磬ڰ׹ϣҲ㶯֣ÿɣ
ȻǱи߲Ǳ˴֮ȴ̫֡ϾǶǵӣһλϹ񱨸ǱҲǳԲġ
󣬾ǶԱĵӸҴɱ䣬ڹӻҲν
ǣɱһλϵŮĻǹŭȻǳϲһ׷ɱʱڹ涼
һòںԼҪͬھķӶԣִ򲻹Ǿֻ·һˡ
ԣЩܹ뾫ӢĵȻĺҲִġ
ڣЫʯĴɽҲ׹Ů֡򣬸߲ŭʯҲ
Ƥ΢΢˶ҶԼ̫ǿӲȳЫλָҿס磬κ˳롣֪ҵƢôױ˵ͨ𣿡
ǺǺǣȻǣ
ЦҡҡͷЫ̾һƽĻʦõӣΪһôߺߣǸˣ
ͫ͵һЫʱһ̧֣һǰƣһӿɫͬӿ˹ȥ
Ȳ˵ɱ˵ƣѾλᶨĹϢסˣǽһڵĶ磬𺧡
֮һԻΪŧˮɢ
̲סһ΢΢üͷһ񣬲֪ӦԲǡ
ʮףЫǶˣһƵٶȣȻת˲⧲ƽ
Ы˼֪ѶˣƲһУͱﵲ·ˡ
ȴ޿κΣɵ¸ǷúܡȻֻһΪʵ࣬ȴ̫ˡ
ЫһпɷЦ֮ǹɱ֮ɫðи쳣
Ы·ͨˣҲһ
Ȼʱһȴ𣬽ţһɫĹâ͵ԴرȻȻײɫ֮ϣʱ㽫Ƕײ˷顣
â죡

һЫɶ˶ӣһǰȥ
ৣ
һɫӰ¶һν׳ӣĿɽۣ纣˫壬վ˰ԡ
ͬʱ̲סɫ
۾΢΢һУЫҧݳҲˣ
ҺأȻ˭סΨ²ҵЫأ
Цһݳֿˣȵĺ£ΪҲ֪ɷѾңνǿסˡû۷γûţ
ߣôĿΪһˣ𣿡
ЦһЫضǣݳԶ⾫Ӣŵĵһ𣬽͸λˣ
мƲƲ죬ݳÿɷ񣺡Ы㶢λܳʱ˰ɣϧվģ
ߺߺߡǲҵģȹ˲֪ұչأ˺ܶ㲻ҵĶˡֻҪ⾫Ӣһ˵ı˫֮Ҿļ̳ˣ
ߣҲ䣡۾һУݳЦ
˽ţ˴ӣһɽ¥֮ơ
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Ǻж̲סҪźЫʦ֣Ͱ
Ǻܿ죬ַӦˡ
ף԰Ҫȥǰ۵ģô￴ֶԾˣ
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û˵꣬һ죬ͷվǺݺݵһ£űһ첨󣬱ͬһεıĤɢ˰㣬Ŀ͵䵽ϣǸܵڣеһȣ
ͫɵúݺ֮ǽŵҲʱʧ˴˿һۣŵӢŵĽ磬ˣ
ݣ
ȻʱһƿһݵӰǻûӦǰ䵽ǵǰĿڵһ£ʳСӣʲôط
Ƥ̲סһȥȴһȥɵ꣬Ŵֲ£пһѴɨѣһȻؿǣ¶ƵЦݡ
㡭ʲôˣϸϸΣֻһصΪһʼʱŵ飬ַʵ
ӣ˵ЦǺǺǡûأ۷ܿ׿ǶΪħʷ˧ۣ׿ܼҡﲻиôϡ߳϶μӣôٵǣأǺǺǡϾûǣͲˣ
ŶԭǸ˵׿ǴǴˡ
ؿһۣ겻Цλָȥ۷ңȦСӵãȻˡ䣬˼˰
ǰҽҲ۽ˣһЦϽǳ֮ɫ
׿ؿ˶һۣҲΪ⣬ǵЦһô˵λǳˣ
ǰôҪ̺үүȥǳѬ۷ͷ𣿡ñǿ׶׿һЦ
ҲаЦһؿ
üͷ΢΢һ׿Цλʲôΰ磬ҪϺ߳ģ
ǲһôүүңǲ¼ǣ΢΢°ͣӦ
ڰ֣׿ЦҡҡԴһˣֻλΪǵıӺŮϾҪҵˣ
أ׿һ˵âɫҲأȻû˿飬˵һ㣬Į졭


589 ɨӢ

һǿҵķϯˣһʵʵɱ⣬ͬ˰ӭ˲㽫ڳû˽ȥ
Ϣ͵һͣ˱˴˶һۣɵ뺧ȻŵؿԴаЦӡ
ô뵽һȥոͻվ۵ӣȻɢҵƣЩӢӵĶ̲ס
ˣηʥ
нã֮ɫ˿׿ݣȴԽԽˣڿһλ۷Ķ֣Ǵʮֵľ
׿һ۵ӣӢŵңɣǺȻ£岻ȳ
ȻȻݣԱߵ˼ˣǲȻʾˡĻϻֱǡ
˵ôֻ֤࣬䵨ӡϾҧĹУеĹҧߣԷܵԼĵҰͻὫԷ˺飬ôϻ
׿ôվǴһа΢ЦÿɷҡԴ·˿Ļϡ
˼ˣҲԭأ˭ǰ
˾˻㱡﾿˭ĵ̰һȺհ˾صĸ֣ȻһոͻվߣһҶˣô¡
ǣǿɱ£ȴ˿ûоʲôסƾƣЩսĸ֣ȻԷǿȥǰĵ֮
ǳ壬Ǿöͷ϶亹˵ƺǹɷǡǡ෴ɢȴɢ֮ͬУÿһӣе쳣ء
ߵ֮𣬵У֮׿ᵽذĲֻǸոѧǣ˾Ծɱս۵ħѪȺ̶ȣͬն
ѹ׿ᣬͻΪţһˣûеİ
Ƥ΢΢˶ظ
ǻһЦ⣬׿ɨڳһۺĿڣǰЩʱգλ۷һͨ˵۷ǰɣ
㲻ǶϣҪôﲱӣֱ׳شȴǲԾض˳档
Цŵͷ׿Ȼǰˣ£һϡǰ˳򣬾ͲôҪˡǺǺǡ˵۷֣·ϣھˡŹأ¿ϣۡɣһ֣һһ֣
׿һɵؿŶˣеɨڼȻذȥ쳣⡣
Ƕ˿׿ȴǼɵȻ׿ֻһߣǹɱ⣬ȷǾ֣
׿¿ϵĹأǷʽ֮ǰȨսңôӢţȫܽ˵ʱЫͻȻһȻ
üͷһ׿ЦһÿɷҡҡԴ
⻰֮൱ԣûԼϸǰҪάǶ˰Σ˵Ӣɽ֮ǣҪԣһϣ
ǣ׿⼸С
мƲƲ죬׿һĵһۣ΢΢˹ָҪ춯֣ˣȺŹôºҾ˵һͬʱӢŵӡģҲ᲻˵ġΪΡʵ
ÿ
̲ͫסһ£˽ǲһ𣬽˵ɫȫǸոջŵ˫ʱҲһ¶ˡ
СӣҪĻǿԲܣǵҷ˾ӢţǲǾ̫Ƿˣ
˵СӵȷЩŹ֣
˴˶һۣݳͰͬƵؿ׿۵ŨŨĵ⡣
Ыһ̣¶Цݣ°ɵСӻڸӾҷĿԣսӢţ
ߣֻһոͻյ߶ѣйŹ֣ȫ徫ӢӵĶ֣
ҴһЩ۾͸뾫Ӣһˣһ˫Ҳ
Ы´ЦзâҲǻ񻡶ȣΪ˿ɽ㰲ˣ
ݣ
ǣʱƿ𣬲ʱ䣬˵أȻʮӰʱһ˼ݳ˱ȭָ׿λʦʦ㣬˸ոҾӢŵĽ磬Դ롣Ҫ͵׽ã̫죬գ۱ûӰҺʦʦ㽫סǲΧס
ŶƻŽ磬ɲսʦֵ;аЦһЫƺץס׿һѱЦĻǽɱҲ˵ʲô˰ɡ
۾һУ׿Ȼ˼ʧЦŵͷǰµĻ
ǺǺǡУǣЫԵ𣬵ʱηֵӢŵϣɱ׿ţʦһֿ԰ȻһʯƣǵǻŸʲôһϣۣ
ЩոոʮӲ˻ʱȥ˿ûʶԼѾ˵ǹʹˡ
ô˵׿ҲţմѪʲôùӳԣ
Ы֪һ㣬ܲԶ֣㲻ˣҲ֮Ρ
ѿһУ׿һЦеǰѴɨ΢΢˶ͫȻһӲ˵ˣ㾫ӢţҪһϡֻһЩСϳģ
ৣ
صɨѣһâ˲ΧɨһȦţ˵һ̶ķΧĿռ㶸Ȼһ
һ̣䣡
·ХƵգʮոδ׿أȻеһɿռ䲨ֱֱײǵؿϣȻ۵һһѪ׷ر˳ȥɫ˲ɷ߷ݰ㣬ͨͨڵأ˹ȥ֪
ҲԼŪԼιȥģ
˻
ɵһڳʧɫһؿ׿Ǳ𾪵Ըˡ
һУֻһУӢŵʮոֱ˲Ϣ˽֣ôܣ
վ
Ҳ̲סз˿־֮ɫû뵽۷Ȼ˿µޣ
һʱ䣬ȶӷҪȥˡ
ʱ׿Į۾Ȼ˶ˣаЦһӵĵҰҵӣɱͬšӽղĹͷûȥûӵ˽ˣ
䣬׿һ̤Ȼ˳ȥǹƣʱö˸еһ溧ȻܵأȻʧȥˡ
·һֻСñɽͻϣֻǹƣһƬհףֻȿԱĴ
ȵȣô˵ҲҾӢŵˣǣͻȻһȣݳ𣬾ǹ׿˹ȥ˫һӣһɺصɫâʱ׿ӿȥ
ʯأ̵ĳǽҲɱ⡣
׿ˣȴ˿Ϊ⣬ɨһӣǻâʱɹ㣬ɢ١ǹƶ룬ʱݳؿڣ˲Ͱˡ
ۣ
һѪݳɫϢ˲ήȥ


590 ɱ
ݣ
ƿ׶׿ɫž׿ǰ壬ûԿһֻۣɨһӣת˼Ȧ
أһɼΪǿأȻɨţЩ׶б۷˷۰㣬Ѹɱãã֮УеСҪӶӲˡ
ֻһ˲֮䣬Щ׶бȫɨϡ
׿ûһ˿ԥɨѺݺһ˦ǰ׶оͷİٸһɾ޷ܣЩ׶һ˦˳ȥ
һڴأ̲ס³һѪ˲û
׿һɵؽЩ׶飬ű͵ؼǰ塣ʼգûпЩ׶֮һۡ
һУжʱһŨŨСǰھӢҲǹϵǿߣ֪ʲôˣ졣
ˣôǿ˱̬ĳ̶ȣǸһȼĴڰ
ЫʱҲɵˣʮͷڿ񱼣۷ôһﰡ
˸ŵľס˵ͬʱһؿЫͰ͵Ыʦ֣ô죿
𡭡żöһǿܣЫҲЩľԼĶǺŵġ
ֶаһ˵ȴǷʤѾԪʵǿǿҵĶأɻᷢ
ţЫȻ˫ǰһƣȳ죡

һ̷紵צľ͵׿ȥǹŨĶֻһţַķθУͷĿѣ
ˣϲæ˴Ы΢΢˶¶ݡ
ٺٺ١ǿǶԸʵ֮ⶾȴţãκΣңⶾžžãһСغ
а취ԸҲضҪķѺܳʱ䣬Ҳܡ

Ȼ˼δһ췢׿ɨһӣ˲佫Ǿó˷顣
ʱ䣬ֽ⣬죬׿ٶ˿س棬ͬʱȫƣħݡ
Щ׷ױǺȥֻɲǹ򣬱ȫʧˡ
׿Σ˿ûκ͵ǳ

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꣬޵еʵǿˣҲ£
ùʱ׿ǳ˹ûӦǰһ£һɨȷ˳ȥ
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ͬһѪЫڵϣʱûˡֻ˫ͫлɢŵɫ죺ôܡôܡ
أ
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أȻ䣬һƬ׿ȥˣѸٳƣơ
һжԱã׿˵ȴС׼ˡ
һЦ׿ڶԸǸϧκ似ֻǼ򵥵һɨѡصһǹǿƵ˲Ϣ
ţɨɨ˶ǰʱһСɽؿһֻؿһʹ۵һ³һѪ˳㵹˳ȥ
ȫһʹֹ䵽ʱһ˿Ԫˡ
ΪһɲǼ䣬׿Ѿȫ飡

һ죬׿ǰͣǰ¶ʯᾡǹаЦݣͬһλ㣬Žֻϲĳӡ
˿׿ȴ翴ħٰ㣬Ǿ֮ɫ
ֻΪ׿Ƕе𺳣ʵ̫ˣ
ڸղţڶַ׷׳УֹλħĽŲƷʵ׾Թ϶֮ˡ
ݳЫ꣬ͬʱУмʱԺԲơ׿ʵ̫ǿǵǰСϷȫסһ˿һ
ֻգ֮䣬Ӣŵӱȫǰˣ˲Ϣܡ֮ʵ࣬ǸܵĿ־塣
·ԵĸǺһĵӣһλ龳ĳϻ򹩷
԰һ˴Ӣ۷ⱾǳϹְȨôһӶһء
˼ұʵԼȥ߹ݣǸһ
Сӳϵʵӵݣһְɣ
һɬƺʲôˣҲ޳ˣŵûʧɫսս
׿ؿǣ¶һ˿аЦĵϴȥ۷˵ʲôţ۵ӳûսǺǺǡˣ˰ɣ˰ɣ֪˰ɡ
磬Ǵˣ
һɥؿ׿ǲ˱񣬰ʵһײ۵ӣҲ̫Ƥˡ¿ϵĹأ˭ȥս˭˭װ
༸ؿ׿һۣҲȫһɵصͷ
ʵܵ۷Ի˰
ЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷǺǺǡԲӣǱǽɽɽɽϹšû£Ǹʲôеģô𣿡
ǰǰ׿ܼ˵ĶԣէƵαôǿأϷңүүһжµģƺ׿еͷ岻ɸæбĵ
ˣҲǼͷүү߳Ҳһպһ׿ãٲ鷳ˡҲ£ͷǰɣ
һ󰧺׿ؿǣȴаЦ
ҪʶһáϧڴѳɣţҲŲˣ
ΪΣһ㶣ʵ
ʧЦһ׿Ŀڣνɱ˳ǷծǮ㵽۷һͨɱҵˣҵˣǵԴȥĶ飿
ʲôΪЩۣԸүүλϣһɴȳʼв׿ҪˣΪǵóȫ׷ɱֵ𣿡
üͷһ׿ЦһߺȣвңǺǺǡΪ⼸ȷֵáǣΪӵ棬Ǿֵ̫ˡңǴ͵ȥĶҲûˡ
ʲʲôһɻʵ
ǻһЦݣ׿ÿɷ񣺡Ϻ͸СӣҲڣ۷ӵϣ͵۷ĸҪԺأԣû취԰·ˣ
䣬׿һ˳Ĳϣʱ㽫ӲȶϣѪ쭷ɡ
ͫݺһ͹ֱţ׿˺˿Ļᣬ˽
ҲǰҲȻţħھȻ˸ɱүү

һĴ꿴Եĳ˲촦ŵûɢ
׿Ӷؿһۣһ룡
˵ţһţǴ̶ļʱͣˣֻɾֵɫϣͬʱ˫֮ͫǿնͷ񲡭


591 
̲ͫסݺ˵Уǲ˼⡣
꼴׿˾ӢӵݣҲǳҲȥǡû뵽֮ھ˸Һԥɱǡ
ѵͲ£λ϶ķ׷ɱ
һʱ䣬˿׿񣬸һ־塣Ǹӣ첻µز£˺ķӣ
Ȼɱ˳ˣЩˣȻҲµˡ
Ȼ䣬ΣжЩ´Ƕֳ֮ˣһ˵ʲô¶ġ
ûȥһۣ׿һɵؽֻ׼Ƥһһ֣װС
ţһ̤ԵõĿڣշתʧ뿪ֻӰʧһɲǣһȴشڳ˵ĶС
ңǾӢŰ
Ƥ̲סһ飬˱˴˶һۣصԴ
裬ĳ裡
Ӣʮ֣һˣ˲ˣ⼴ǷħǧʷУҲǾ޽е°
Ǿһ죬ųħΪΪľӢţһʣһۺɨһա
ӢӢ¡˵ۣȷ̬úܡǺ˲ô룬ֻãľӢӣÿԣ
Ы㻹Ҫ𣿡ڱҳһʯСĿӶݳɳȻį֮ɫ
Ƥ΢΢˲Ыת׿һķһƬǽ֮ʮλʦܽǻ˯ѣ²һ£֪ˣĬ
ʧЦһݳҡҡͷ̾ʲôھõǾӢһ˵λΣȻ˰
һҪʵãλҲһҪ֣Ͼй֮λĴУ۾΢΢һУЫһᶨĹâ
ݳҡҡͷʵã
ͻȻ׿ʧķоڣ˾˭۷𣿡
ǺǺǡɵˣ۷ܳһ󹩷Ѿŵڱˣôܻһ˱̬Ĺ
ЦһЫеȤֻ⾫Ӣ֪Ҳ֮ССӡҵԮһֽӢ۷ŵǽǶڿˡүүҲ˹ȥƳˮ𣬶⾫Ӣ
ǰȥ۷һͨʯǵ¡ʱСӲڣгϹֱɽǶ˲ųɹˡ˵СӰ磬ΪҪˣڿߺߣʲô磬Ǻ簡۷Ҫˣ
˿Ыɳ̾ҡͷ鱨ҵ֪ͨʦ˼ҵģϧС߯أˣﻹܴ鱨
Ƥһݳ࿴˿Щ졣Լ˵үүȻСһɵģôڣ
һҲԣֲʶ۶ˣûɱǣѾܲˣʲôӶģ
뵽˵ľƽࡣǰ֪Լ˺󣬾ȻֶһɵذȫУ
뾫Ӣμ˫ᣬǶЩҪ˵Ǽõġ
ǣһĶѰ
һ棬׿һ·᳡ȥȴˣܱĻûģˡ
ΪģǿһϷ
׹ݹˣ۷ĳϹϯ䣬ȫһ֮ɫƵҪ
˴뱲ˣǻûô˹
ڲ۷ǣҲһһкܶ˶ǴͶģû뵽ôһܴ裬ﶼˡ
෴Щѡ̬ƣûдæӵģʱȴȫһֻģһؿǡ
ã˭ǵѬģüħ˲ڰ涼ˡߣǻã
ڽյǣϺ߳϶ˣл֪ԼŮˣһݣǰŵλá
ԱŵģǴӢǰָڤɷˡԱߣǹˡ
һǶǽҪϴģԲ볤ôǣǵȴһϴ̬ȣһɷޡ
Ϻ߳ϻ࿴˿¶˵Цݡ
ҪľһͱƢҲ¶ǣ
ЩŵĳϹǣһЦؿȴһüʱ
еһУѾŵ˶ڵǱһ̣óû۷
׹ݹʱҲˣҲúʱˣǿʼɣϻΧһȦĶˣЦһ
΢΢˶׹˰֣׿ܼһûܿʼ
׿ܼңһ۷ӣЦһ߳ؿڳһۣĳ벻۷ĳϹ˱΢ȻҪһǰ¡ѹ֡ⳡˣ
߳ϴЦųϹ͵ǣҲȫһĵشЦ֮ɫ۷Ĺϣؽյˡ
ⲻ˶ӻû
ôˣ۷ûϣǳϹĵλ½ŵӣҲˡ
ҪǰǷһƺȺСӲɡڣȴֻܰŭģҷñԷץͷǴơ
裬ƽδУҲЩ۷Ƶطˡ
׿ǰЩϼһȫȥ˰
һе۷Ϲ׿Թôһ˰˵
ݹȻҲŭ𣬵ά׿ܼ⾫Ӣ۷Ľߣƾ˹Ϲǲᵱɿϯ
ߣȻȻǵԸˡһ۷ӣ磬Ȼôףûг⡣ǲ۷ĳϹȻءЩۻ˵ĳҪȣǵ£ǿųϣмڵٲ磬ˣ
һһӣվųϹҲ壺ûϯú޳⣬ˣǻҪȥǶȥһ״Ϸˣǣ
Ƥ΢΢һ׹ݹ˱˴˶һۣƺһҡҡͷҲԽԽŭ˫ȭ߬Ҳ簡
ֻڤɷһػգɷóĿұ죬ʹ˵ʷλǴҾĵĻ׿ܼδϯڼ䣬һϣģ˫Űɡ뵱ڤɷھӢǰ˫ᡭ
ȵȵȵȣһ㶼ģͨɣȻɷտûã˱㼱ڰ֣סһ󸹷̡
λɷ¶˰˰ٶˣ˵ţӶܵˡ¼䣬ô޳ܵ˰
ɷִĻ䣬ЩƵͷȿ
ɷ͹ɷˣһЦ
ʱ⴫һӵĴ׿ܼҵˡ


592 
ǵɤ˵Ŀת˹ȿǸλá
ţһݵӰһ·СܵسĿ֮ϻŽǫǸЦݣһ·˵ԴЦǸˣˣǺǺǡ
вһ֮ɫ߳ϱ˴˶һۣ¶Цݡ
Ӣ۷ʵȨߣǸ׿ĵôߺߣ̨ϼһ棬ʵϧö࣬չ鲻ǸɴµˡѹҵҲˣΪ塣
ųϹˣҲ¶˲м֮ɫЩǣҲȫЦ
ֻ۷ĳϹ͵ӣȴһȣ޲ҸضȥǸСһ˰˰
ֻЩ֣׿ƽǸУӢϵ׿ܼôôڱֵųˣ
ûΧ˵Ŀ⣬׿ɹǸǫЦݣܿǰǸԣڳ˱ȭͷЦֱǸЩ鵢ˣ£
ǺǺǡûʲô󰭣ؼҵˣһãԺͣͱʲôҪˡȻҲΪ׿˱΢磬ɷɰԲЦԺ⾫Ӣ۷ţħڵһҪϺǣ
ôܣ
²ЦһϲÿɷһЦȻԵ߳϶һۣж¶Ϻļթ⡣
ţϱбſ׿ڳ׿ģԼȴ٣ǿã޳⡣ûи̬ȣϼһɾưոݣ
ߣ˶ѾˣǻҪ
һһӣݹŭĿվ𣬴ϼˣЦһһ֮ɫ
ٺ١סˣҪľǳźã
߳ϼˣҲаһЦûٴǺݹȻǹ֮𣬵ⳡǰϴģ仰˵ǾӢ۷ſͷϴġô̬ȣ˿ϴ棿ĻⱭǿɲܺȣ۷ѱ֪ģҲȥָ˵ˣ
㡭ݺҧҧݹúҲȫƴţȻҪսˡ
׿ˣæڰ֣ȰݹϢŭ±дȣո߳˵ҲеϴӦǸóĲŶԡ°ɣ
ݺݵ׿һۣݹֺ޲Сӵĳ嶯˵±ƣö˶˵𰡣
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һʱ䣬˶׿ҲЩɥ۷ӣصԴ
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ģ͸λԳĳ⣡û˵꣬׿ʮʶʱһУת׿ˣǻŸʲôλϾ
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ڵãԼǲͲ
˴˶һۣϺ߳Цһղ΢΢˵ͷãֻҪǵݾߵͷϴ˵۷Ҳź;ӢˣǾͰѴ½ҹˣ
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׿ܼң°ɡô˵Ҳ۷֮ףô۵¶Ȼ۷Ժ󣬻㣿
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飬һŮ˸ʲô

һʱ䣬Ҫ׿ݾߵ񣬶ϵ˼ˣɫȴԽû뵽׿Ӣ۷հûãȻģЩǵŵǣΪ𣬶ϣ
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طȻγǡ
۾΢΢һУϲɴȳֹûУ׿£ȻҪ棬ԴҪдݾߵϷǲưڸݵģ˭Ҳ治ˣ
Ӳһͣ˵Ҳʱͣͬʱвһ
Ȼ֣ϼһѾìͷ״ָ׿ʲô޷ٵǰˡ
׿ˣҲʼ磬Ц˰ɣλϾƫңҲûáҲǣ±Ҳ͸û̫ϵ
ǻһаĻȣ׿ת׿ˣĿⶨλϣǸһЦλϣҶԼбǸԭңʵ̫ˡΪǸ⣬Ҹλ׼һݴһλݾߵ
ңϻ˰ʺԼϿ۵ġСһ۷һôôСԽ˵Խˡ
Ҫʹۻܾܾ𣬲ҪײҪ
˴˶һۣλϽаЦ
ʱ׿йâһǳֻľУһ׼
׿ֻľеݸڤɷǸǸǵӣǺԭ£
ԭ䱻ˣֲǲ֪αذԼƵ˲ĵزأ
ҡҡͷڤɷ漴˹ɷֱԲӦǵģǾˣ£Ǳ˭סʵûҪǸϾĲԼӢ۷档
ǺǺǡܽˣЦһ׿
ǣ
һ죬ڤɷľд򿪣ȴ˲䲨ᾣ뵶ʹֹסͫһ
Χ˼ǲɾƷħ


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ⲻϼһļ٣һèץһ͡ǿѾȲҪʶһľеħ貶Ŀˡ
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595 ˭Ҳܲ
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ʱ˿̣ȻϣǴ·磬龳еͨȫɲó
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һ̵Ļȣ׿оһаЦϣԹȥȥɡħɷڶʽצ

һ׿ۺâţԥץȥ
Ȼڴʱƿ죬׿ıȴأȻʮɫķУֱֱ
ǹɹǿԪ˵ǻֳС
бƳƳ󣬼ԶһӰȴ߳ɣ׿Цһȫ޿ƥеһצɺݺץȥ

һĽ֮һһצصײһ𡣿ǣûгͰʱ䣬ֻ֮ĽϾسѵϸơ
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ôո۷һӣȴһ㣬һУ׿ܼҵʤһս
һʱ䣬ǿ׿ҲЩ硣׿߳꣬һ·˵ǹƣ̵ӡ󣬾þû֮ȥ
ٴõǰ׿Цһĵ߳ϣΣڣǰϼһﻹĿɽ𣿺ǺǺǡ˽˽ȺŹ۷Ȼ֮¡ǵĻǿûһ˻վͷ֪Ϊʲôң
ҽսǶˣҪǵսǣҪǵǸ۵ӣ¿ϣڹ˵ǵʱǽӣǲӣ
۾΢΢һУ׿аЦǺǺǡνɱӺվˣЩҲΪȥĴˡʲôųϣһѣΪԼĻˣһû˼ֵǡ
ǵɫĹâݺݲ˲ȴûˣǱ׿Ļ𵽣Ȼ׾
׿˵ûųϣ𾴣ǻŵʱһˣûмֵ˭ΪǶƴƴ
˵ףǶ˵ļֵֻûʲôɽ
һ㣬ǾԼ嵽ǰߣҲܹǶˣ˭ϵ磬Ǹ硣ңһվ۵ӣȻʵɱǸɱûʲô
ĹҲֻˡ
ħ󻯾
Ȼ쳣ƽһ㣬׿ףкɫ͵شܳͽȫΧʱ䣬ͳˡ
Ҳһ̣׿Ժϼӣ˫Ŀһеľ⾹Ǳǰ貶Ŀˡ
ΪĹϵ׿ȻԽħ󻯾֮ϣձ˵꣬ǿԼ
պνͻͽ棡
ã³һ׿ٴο˿ԼտҲƣǲĻȣת׿۷ˣڣñ𣿡
ݺҡҡͷȫһ˷ܣ˵
ǺǺǡҵˣǶ˳ӣҶӣ׿Σһһص˵ͷ׿ʳ
ȫһصԴ׿˫УҲСǣ˳֮顣

Ȼ׿һתֽŵֻǱһΣ⼸ȫһɥʵڲɴҾ쿪ʼ۷еӣҸЩ۸øɵȥɨŵһܣ㾫Ӣ۷Ҳһ̵ģɪ˼ˣ̫

һ㶣ڵӶʱ¶һ࣬ǵЦȴǲûɢ
׹˼ˣɽЦҡҡԴͬ
֣ҪܽˣӮдǲСֻһδۣήҲȷʵѳɴ
ΣеĵӾȻҪ뿪۷뷨ȴɢ֮ģ
׿˾ܰպʲô澳ȻһġҲ׿ȸǹ֮󣬲еͨġ
ս֮ǰ׿£ƾӢ۷͸þʹ˽ɢˡ
ڣȴǡǡ෴طɢˣһ׳ȥ
ת׿һۣЦЩŵӵķ򣬼ȵĻ棬׹ݹ˱˴˶һۣղЦ
׿Ȼд֮磬֮δѡ


597 ֵ
ǿʲôȫǶż֤ҲˣǲϣΪ룬ܵųͷսʵã֡еöˣһڹ£ʲôɵɵģ
գ׿ųϹһ˫˫Թ۾ŭĿӣȵٿŲսǣ
ৣ
ԭŭ׿һв֮£ˢˢŤԴ΢΢һ£ǹ￴һˡ
ֻΪвʵ̫ɱˡ
׿ʵɲ⣬ǻ龳ĳϹҲûӵĵ߾
Ϊһս֮У׿Ȼ֮ȴѹû¶꣬Ҳжϡ
ΪˣǾ͸ηϾ걾壬ܷС궼û壬ɽλϸˣʵ˭ǣ
ֻһ£̾ʵλײ۵ӣʵ̫Ƥˡ
һĻǿ˭˳ֱۣսҪ˭˭ôڹҲκβ˭ħ֮¿ϣأ
ԺѰˣǰϹ以Źи˵ĵطڳôԵţŻô
ֱΪϹ׼Ѫ˭˭
ֹסҡԴڸֵ̾Ҷˣ
ƳȺһۣ۷˵ʱЦŵĵӣҲֹס¶֮ɫ
Ժ۷ͶˣźȻ
ৣ
Щϼһﲻٿ׿һȻ䵽˵ϣǵǸæӭϽǼ֮ɫ
׿ܼңû뵽Ȼôǿֶɽŵеĵһ˰һĴָ
Ҳһ̾ͷ
˰֣׿ÿɷһЦſǵȱæƨղǸҿǶǲǾǸﲻ

һͣ˲࿴һۣεԴ
ǺǺǡ׿ܼңǲǲ֪뷨ôҪ֪Ļ
֪¶ˣ
ǻû˵꣬׿ǰڰִмƲƲ죺ʵҲôһ֣һ֡ҪͷϹҪǵľһǵʵŭ֮£ǿҹǸոոɹûӳȻô겻׸ɵˣ
ľð취Ǵϲŭ˲תԸոҲŽǵϲߣٸһݺݵشȻԴӣľңȫǣűˡħУĸ֣Ǽúѧŵɣ
ǣ˴˶һۣ˽ǹݵ
ֻйüͷ΢΢ţ׿׿ܼңҹ۷ͼӦܿó֪ľδ£ǰ彻֣˵ľ˵ľңʵ󽵣ľ޷
ˣ㲻ض˵ҿʵ㣬ľޣֻ˰֣׿
üͷһǲ⡣
׿ľΪǣԪ͸ľɣͨľơν£һСǧѣԾɻججҲڡԸ˾ͬľȻͬ
ʲôһľǸҲ򣿡΢΢һ𣬹һʵõ
ӣ׿תת̾ʵɣǰҶ㲻ǺģԾûһܡν߳࣬īߺڣľҲһŴǻ۵ˣٻմôһմ٣ȫƾԡľдߵĻԶԬϽӴһ£
Ǹ͹ǾСͷʲôãһԡ
һָذ˰ڣ׿мƲƲ죺۲ʶ̩ɽĶԬ֮ˣľߣͨڻҪ˼̸۵Ȼмȥ棬ʵǲʶɽңΪô򵥣ߺߡǿΪ۷ô࣬ͶҲŲСͷأ
۾ݺգգɲ⣬Ҳ׿˼ͷĲ򵥣׿ĴŶĵؾ
ʦ֣ͷ˲ӦǸˣȥɣʱҲڵ
һ㶣ʵô֪
Ϊʱ˵Ļһ䶼
̲סһ飬һͷ˲£޲һ١˵ĻǸʲô߼
ǿǵһ仰ȴһɫأȻĻ׿ܼҶΪǵľһεģǻö࣡
üͷ𣬹˼ã֣صص˵ͷ
Ȼʦ˵׿ľߣ׿ƼԬϣ֤ͷ;ˡҲϻп԰ԼľĶ
뵽ȭǱˣ۷ȥ׿ܼңλȸˣ
˵ţһ̶Ӱ
˼ˣƬ̣űʧЦ׿Ҳ̲סҡͷЦЦ̾СӻһЩһ·Ͳ̽ӵϣףǿôʱ䣡ҵؾ绹ûĻ⿴ˣҾ͸ֵֵ֪ˣαؾôãǺǺǡԼҲȥ
ˣǫˣ㻹Ҫȥóˣ
Ȼ׿䣬һЦȴǶȻ𣬽űɷ˼ɷǿ׿ͬ´½һǾ֮ɫǰ׿ӢŵԹ޶ƽˣ޵Сӣ治򵥣صҲ̫˰ɡȻһж϶ɵˡҪǽǾӢţȥμ˫ᣬضܰǽڵǿǧŹ
ɷ׿ļһҡΣ˷׿ȴɫĮЦǸҿûӢ
ףôһ㶣ɷɷ˴˿˿ǲԣʲôһսȻˣҪӢţҲûס㣬ôֱˣڣΪһ𣿡
Цһ׿ÿɷ񣺡аҽĿģǲμ˫ᣬ뾫Ӣ
㲻뾫Ӣôμ˫᣿ӢţΪμ˫׼İ
ǱǸˣҪһˡε˫ᣬеӣǾӢ۷һŲܣӢڣ۾΢΢һУ׿ȳɫᶨ
Ǵһ˽Ǵ󾪣һĪؿ⣬ʲô˼
ɨһۣƺĵ׵ɻ׿ӣε£˵ǾӢȣָʹҵǾӢšҸո˵۷ĳӣһȫһոһصģҪӢһˡǲ˵ǳ۲뾫ӢǺãҪμ˫ᣬ۷۰ɡֻ䲻䵱ۣ˵ˣ
⡭Ǹĳ⻰ֲ˵ģСǵĻΪʲôʰңѾɱˡһɷʱһΣȰ׿츳벻㣬ҲҪ̫˰ɡ
ôԣ¹µ⣬Ӿòһ׿ᶨڣȥа˵Ӧȥμ˫ᣬǲӦҾͰͷӣҲ
Ӳɵһڤɷ˴˶һۣɫЩá
ǿǵ˿׿ȴǶʱȻ𾴡׿ܼң۷ĴܼҰΪȡеһУҸϹа壡
ѹħĹһֱصظˣΪĲֻ棬ֵ֣ã


598 ֵ
˴˻࿴˿˽ֳ֮ɫ׿Ҫ󣬼ȲԸȴҲѾܾ
Ϊ׿ȥμ˫ᣬ˿ģǼֵζļֵ
׿ܼңϲϲˣһ֣ſ밡۷ͥˡǺǺǡңҪӢǰϼһûڷˡʱ׹ݹ˷׷ǰأ׹Ц
ݹˣҲǽŵǰǰܽλ龳ĳϻɱĵӣǾŴУҲǴŵҵıΣһɳ졣ЩǣڹѾеƳˣһдܽӴǿǷ˲Űǰ򷢻ȥ³ײٺٺ١
۷ҲǷ׷׵ͷЦֹסЦݲã
Ƴһۣ׿ֻǵЦһûлػתֿɷˣָոѾ˵ˣӢôλŰ죡
˵ţ׿ǻһЦݣ·ԶһתߣǸ߼ȴסˣתаЦˣǾӢŵĵӣڻһأΪָǲǸûȥ
ʲô
Ȼһڳӣ׿ĿǼС
԰ôˣСӸ˾ӢţĺɻԼĵӰ
ǰ׹ݹˣǵŮӿҲء
Ǻ˲ɼ׿ܼңֿأ
ǱλҪΡȻԣɷҲ쳣ؿ׿
ȻǶЩ治ðϾŵӵǿսǳʲô£˫˭ȥ
ؿһۣ׿νʼ磬ЦǺǺǡ֪룬İɣڲ֪ЩԼǰҲɱ֣ӰǵĺҪ㣬ʱҲϾͨ籨š
ಣ
׿û˵꣬׹˱һ̵뿪ˣƺȥ쿴Ӣŵ״Ǽɫ೤ϹеھӢŵģҲ׷뿪
ɷˣ˵׿δɱ䣬ȴǲôżˣгһ
ٴ׿һۣɷĮǿһ£¹ǧĹأɲôױġΪţƣͿŹΪ·
ǺǺǡڹ涼˶ģֻҪͼʱԱ䣡
²һЦ׿йâһسһֻǰһĴľУ˦ӸɷаЦɷа£Ҵ仰Ǯƣ֡Ҫ첻ĻͰⶫ˻
̲סݺһ飬ɷεؿ׿Ц㡭ǹȻл߰ɣ
ǰô𣿡΢΢üͷ׿ЦţλȨأеĺöѡ˭лߵǣòˣǸᣬһôǻҪôšҪĻղҸ˵ħȫ͵ǾӢ۷ǾӢƲˣӲҪͽ⣡
ȵȵȵȣ£ǵĵӣ⳥Ӧġ۷ȥˣҲᣡ
ڰ֣ɷ˱˴˶һۣԼĴָŵ׿ǵħһᣬǸæö˫ĺͽЭ飬ٿеħȴس
Ͼ׿Ҫа´ɵЭ飬̲Ӣţ۷һҶⲻЩŤˣŶݱǽǣν˫ĵӶҪ۵Ӣڡ
ڣ׿ȻҪӢŵְܶȡǷ밡Ϊǰ;룬ϧ׿ţҲӦúܣ
ܾãԾĹ£
Ҫǰⱦ£ײЭԼ
ֻתתɷ˻࿴ղűȫĬĬص˵ͷ¶˼թЦݡ
һǲܵһһõİá
ɲΪһ֮˽谭ŷչЩϼһﲻһҪŵľϣƽֹл˱ӵֶΣĿģ
ƺǿﲻһС˼׿Цһߣٶڣ˽˽ҪôֻҪ̤һԺͲźˡһ䣬ҲǼģ֪ҿ̣ߺߡ
̲סһ˱˴˶һۣӣ׿ŭѾǶĻ׳ʲô㶼֪
ǺǺǡǲ֪룬Ѭĵ񣬾ʲô֪ˡЦһ׿ƿڣˣΪΪʳһв̤һͻٲλǶౣΪã
һЦ׿ת뿪ֻ㿴ңҿ㣬ٿǳľУȴǲ֪Ǻˡ
ѵΪСӽ˴תа£ԼľӢڸĹ
Ϊѣ˭ûע⵽ǣǧ֮ɽϣаվһУɢžĹâ
벻СӸոͻվȻ۳꣬һǿǸԴǴһʮȷ̥ǣʵͻ䣬ٲǰǸˡãħڵĳͷ֮գˣʱѺıֵ̫˰
Ƥ΢΢˲аһص˵ͷתۿڤɷüͷֲһڸʲô׿ТӵĶôߣҺӲСζԸϣǰһ£Ȼпܼɵ򣡡
СӣܰǶʵʵش򡭡
۾һУаЦһתʧӰ
һ棬׹˴ҴҸϵ˾Ӣŵĵؽ磬ȴǵʱһƬԵĵӣȻһæȥԼĵӡ
ܿ죬ٳϹҵԼĿ꣬ǰ쿴һųһ
ãС˵һֻˣû֡ɱϵǹɺﻹѪɺӰ


үү
׹ݹ˴󺰳ݳӦϼһ˴˶һۣϷȥܿҵǣϸ쿴һҲǳ³һġ
ڸһЩסѪǲҪϢձ޴ˡС˵һɱ˳⣬˶ˣ׹һֱŰɨۿһϵɫ΢΢ͷ
ݹˣҲǵ˵ͷȻоһͷҪҪСһȥݷһСӣϸ졣ҪȻ´ٷ쭣Լˡ
˵ҲǣϾС죬ύһҲãḧ룬׹оڣĳ
ˣɻүү˵ˡǸոһͨ𣿡
˴˶һۣ˽ǵ˵ͷ
λ˾Դ־Ӣţֱ޷죬ǾӢ۷ˣҲάŹأܷŹСӡ
ʱһԵЫȻӲܶȴ쳣ŭشȵӢŵλӱɱˣλһ̣ʱʯҲȻѣλҲ˳ˮ顭
Ыû˵꣬׹翴ɵһЦչǸӰ͸ƵıʡΪڹʲôΪǿ߶ģֻҪ㹻ļֵ㹻ǿڹҲ·
˵λưոݣǸոսСӵħǶֿˣνֶ̣Ļ£ʯߺߣ֣Ϻ߳ϣոձСսɱˣĿ£ɱˣ׷ûʸ񡣶ңŸϹһˮ
ʲô
ͫһЫݳˣгȫġ
εҡҡͷ׹ʧЦ̾ͬǵӣôôءСѾŹñ˭ˣ㻹ץסѱļֵҲʹ֣ûܹǻعصĲΣǲͬնﰡ
ԣ˸ȫסˡ


599 ·
ʯʯˡ
һĵԺУʯһͤ䣬ǰһƣò⡣̧ƵգǷһ˿Цݣƺʲô·һ㣬ڵʲô·Ƶġ
ʱһдȴͻȻűһ·ܵǰϽǾͽ֮ɫ
˰֣ʯÿɷЦϣҲսˣС¾סˣ
С£һ㶣һؿʯɻʯѵѾ֪ˣ
Цŵ˵ͷʯϲһ˿⣬Цֹ֪¾ʾȥġ

һͣ˲ˣʯɫӹ졣ʾȥѵȥģ
ףϣôûйؼ
ϻһ͵ģʯüͷһʧЦҡҡԴ밡߳Ϲȥ۷£ڹЩ϶Ѿֽˡûϵɢ˶࣬ܺ÷ֻʱٸһôȻٻʱڹΪû⾫Ӣ۷ģλҲȥģֳ¶ˣȻˣǸõĿʵ
ؿһʤȯյݣǷӦȻص˵ͷŶԭ˵°
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ʯصͷһʤǧģ
ǽϻһתȴСصǾͱŪˣ
飡
вһʯľƱʱˤڵأ߰ʮ飬ԼҲȫסˣŵؿŴϣþûز
ãŽͰ͵󡭡ϣ㡭ո˵ʲô
˵϶ϣ˸Ūˣ
ٴظһ飬ʯŷ·γѰ㣬ݺӣ˼ôܣ˭˭ô󵨣ڶԳףŹҲûʸ㴦һϣ
ҪǹðˣȥҲſʵһһҲװ쵽ǡüͷ𣬴ȴǿЦҡҡԴؼɱǶ˵ģһӣǹ¿ɱ˵ģڹ棬ˣκ˶׷
̲סݺݶ˶ʯϸţʲôɱϣĸô£ɱ˻龳ĳϣħڣ𣿡
ôûУ׿ô΢΢ʼ磬ϿЦһҡҡԴű㽫ȥ˵һ顣
˽ʯͫһ̱ϣ૳磬ͼƻõĺ磬ȫǸ塣Ȱ磬Ȼȥµĵⲻ֪ʷô
˵ô׿ʹĻҪɱˣ˶óǣؼڣ̫ˣˮ©
΢΢ͷ̾ȣȥӢ£¿ϵսģڹ档һ㣬Ҳָ׷֮£ֲǲ֡ƺѾ׿ƽˣټƽˡ⣬׿϶սӦˣȫô˫۾֤Ҳǰ׷ɱ֮Ļûʲôѱܱץ
Ƥ΢΢˶ʯû˵ɫȴؿ¡ãŭһĵСļ֮Ǳһ⻹鷳ģǲвǣȻɱ龳ĳϣʵţҲǧδһĻŵĵλ졣ۿ˫ڼŹƶҪΧתˣ׷ֹʧ
ǰСӵȷţ˵ս˫ᣬϣأϲҲ΢΢˵Դ̾
۾΢΢һУʯһ˵ĺâٸߣǵˣʲôãĸ󻼣
ô˼ǡ²һϿʯ̽

ʯû˵˵Ķ̧Զ˿ƳڣųϹ飬ӦõӰɣ
ϻţϷӸǸӣ˭Խ޴ңȥڴӣϷڴˣ𣬲õģ˭
һʯر÷ǳѹ֣ҧгݵа¼ԼĹ涶磬棬ҪСӹٽˡ˴ӣ뽫ֱ뾫ӢŰɣ
Ҫô죿ḧ룬̵
۾һУʯȴ̾˿ҡҡͷʲôˣСɱϣε֮£֮ʡ˵һţҲкܶ೤Ϲδϣˡ󹦼ˣв֮סΨһģʾȴʱ
üͷһһ⡣
ЦһʯаµΪˣҶ˽⣬רᡣô׿Ϊľ˫ᡣ¹׿ĴţضܿͻвĵλʱһɽݶҾ͵Ƿֵɱһ̡Ǿݷ˳˫˺ҧʱٳһߺߺߡ
Ƥһָ룬˼Ҳ΢΢˵ͷĪľ⡭
ʱŴڣаϣһӣǸϹ
ڤɷλľӢָҲȻ˵С
бƳƳʯɫаǻһаЦݣ֪⻹⣬Цŷһϲ£ǰˣһλӾȻսλųϳɹǺηħڣؽϣ̤ϸԻ͵ǰ
̲סһ飬ųϹǳһһҲȥν˲ŸոϣôĿŵرǴô
۷ڳϹȴȫЦЦ˵泩
͵ƳƳһԵʯûʲôɫԽԽĮˣав⣬׿СӵʵմĿãȥμ˫ᣬӦòᷴ԰ɣ
ᣡ۷ȴ㿴ңٿ㣬һѯʵĿ⣬ʯ
ڵʯȴʯͷһ㣬Բﲻˣһʱ⣬ҲĬ˵
׿Ը뾫ӢҪμ˫ĵӣȫ۷ͲμӣǶԴοؿʯһۣаиеֱ֣׳һش⡣
Ȼһ˲ըˡ۷Ȼͦ׿ڳϹȴһͬ⣬ûʯ⣬ҲǺݺҡԴ
򲻿ɣΥڹ棬ܿ
С̫򲻿ٳȥúϼӹ̲ܽǣ
ڹ治ɷϣŸ𣬺㣿

һȺϼһһɤǣаȴûһֻۣ֪ʯε뷨Ϊ˹Ź֡
ͣ
ƳһۣʯЦһһ֣ȳʱ䣬ȫסɤӣһ
΢΢һ̣ʯĪľ⣬ĵǸǿ·ġ׿ȻĻҲ޲ɣ޳ɣ
ʲô
̲ͫסһ˲ʧɫаҲһֵؿϼһˣʲô


600 Ǩ
һľڳˣסˡ
ʯԴҩôôȻվ׿һߣȥ֧ˣ
ֻŵ˲⣬۷ڶ೤ϹҲȫ⡣ؿͷþûزζ
ôϷкβ𣿡תףڳһۣʯЦһ׿ʵĿãܲμ˫ᣬŵʧһаսϰñɨ¾ɵڹҲһ

˻Ǵ㶵ؿ˵һ仰аҲ̲סݺգգ۾ϸϸãųʯʵ֮ˣҲ˼ӽ쿪ʼӢ۷ֿʼѡǰ˫ĵӣ׿һָ𡣰ӢšźţҪȫϣ
ţãǱǾӢŵָΪ˫ѵӢӵġ˫ӵѡ䵽˾Ӣ۷ͷϣǲҲȥְָ֮ʱɷͻȻʵ
ֶ̣׿Ҳ÷ԣֻܵùҹ˳˼ȥˡа±׿ӣͦοҲ˼Ҷ׿ָŤһ£ҪȨѵѡεĴȨץԼѡ֮ضԼĵ̡䲻ϹأҲ˵ʲôֻͦȥ
ֻҪΥԭͻаȻ֮ţͦס
ǣлߵĻаһ֮˺֣㲻ص飡
ȻеĹأҪʵòģУȻҲ
Լıӣа²ÿɷصνֻҪСӿǣǴɽפûšĳϹҲ٣Ҳࡣ
ԣ˱˴˶һۣʼ硣벻ָְȻҪһӵ׿ϡ
ħǧʷУǰδǿȺˡ
ЩųϹǣȴһд󾪣׿ʵǿҲǵݣȨ֮󣬾ȻܹӰ쳤ϹĹǲе̫ˡ
ǣǿʯʱȴһȻ֮ɫ˿Ĵ£ǱҲֻð̾һԴˡ
ǵͷ߶˵ǻʲô˵أ
ǺȻöһЩ޹ʹϸ֦ĩں󣬴˴ŻҲʽˡ
ǺǺǡԭһСС۷ײĵطھȻһܵλãλھӢ֮ˣҲʵǷ̰ǰۣÿ컹ڸϷ͵Ǵɨأڣߺߡ
ʲôɲģ˭˸ӣֱӰѾӢŸأȫ¶һһŹţָȥ˫úñһӺءҪͽܵĻҲţ˵ףĸ֣ʵΪ𰡣

һϹȺһ飬ͽյľڷɧ̽ţ߳˴
ֻʣаºʯʱа²һؿɵʯ̫ıˣϲ̧ˣ
ǺǺǡЦϷʱ̧ܣΪŴ壬ˡƽʱᣬһΣ׿ȷϣϷʵҲٿɡֻϣΪ´󹦼ŶǼõģذ˰ݣʯݸһЦ
а½ضȴѹԡ
а²ʯЦЦûʲôµĻϷȸˡ
˵ţתȥа¾ôʼնû˵һ仰
ǣҪżһɲǣһֻŲȴͣתа£¶һϺЦݣƳǺǺǡոһ仰˵ĺܶԣֱϷθǰˣǺǣǣһ˻̫󣬽ڹ·Ͳ֪˭λˡ
˵ʲôͫһɣа´
΢΢һ̣ʯһЦÿɷ񣺡Ϸ˵˵⡣
ٴذһ£ʯת̤뿪ֻǴЦȴشаµĶУǰˣһһǿ֪ǰ˽ڣΨ̲ǰ۸ɰ
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۾΢΢һУаºݺҧҧ˫ȭ߬Ȼ⣬һ׿ԽȽչѸٳѰҲһ˿١
֮ŵľܿ촫ţⲻһ޴𶯡ŵĵӣ쾪ˡ
ǰ⾫Ӣ۷֮ŵλȴ²ġֻΪǲںͷֻõʵ棬ȥͶ
û뵽ŶùطȻѾվ˾Ӣ֮ϣõ˲μ˫ľȨ
Ҳ˵ԺӢ۷ûʵȥġ
ǰӢţǧľţοھӢ뾫Ӣ۷ҲòѡΣǻ߸˿
ͨļʣֱ΢΢
һʱ䣬ǰһֱڹûܼʱͶӢ۷ŵǣǻڵóӶˣͲˡ
˭뵽̶̵ļ¹⾫Ӣ۷ᷢչѸ٣
Ӣ۷еˣȴһ̧ͦͷǽ֮ɫǺλָЩӢŵĵ׿ԣʱǸԺԴöƨˡ
ǰԴӢţͷ·ǵռĿ꣬ǵһ־Ը
ڣȴ෴Ӣŵ˼ԴꡣȻʮӶʮ۷Ҳ¶ʱ
еһУһ˴ģӢ۷Ľߣܼ׿
أ˶׿ĳ羴ֱŷ˼㣬ﵽ˳Եĳ̶ȡǣ۷ǿˣźŵĵȴˡ
ֻΪ׿һ㾫Ӣ۷ˣҲҸɵ۵顣һ仰һǲ㲻Ĵү

һ죬һֻ໨ƿʱˤڵأŰѴɨѣؿŵϵмת׿һߣһίӣȻĻƿ
ǰƷҤ໨ɣֵʯأ΢΢˱궼ˡ
ɫһŭȳΪߣʯЩʲôӴˣӰӴɨ顣ȥӸɨɾ
ʦ֣⻹Լɣͷ
ƨ׿ܼҽÿ춼Щ۸øɵ£ܲӱǲǣһŭȣǺݺݵһۡ
һ£˵ʲôæ˳ȥȴԶţ
һĹ򣬱ﶣһ죬ȴֻܿһӣţԽ׳һ
һӺ󣬿ǲŴش߳ɨһÿɷɨˣȥɣЩϸԼһ£
ǣʦˣæͷϥصԴ̧ͦͷ뿪
ԶæһȴǵʱסˡֻӣȫѾѣǽ϶˼
ǴɨǲǨġ
һ뵽ԼӣԺÿ춼Ҫôһ˺ɨһֹסҪ޵ĳ嶯
ڵ۷ûи
û۶ȥɨϹķˣʣµЩӢۣŻᱻɵźŵ
ΪûЩ飬ʵôǿǴɨǨҲûʲôˡ
ЩǨӣźŵĵȴǸŭԡֻΪʱ˿̣Ӣ۷ǣǧѡѡĸ֡
ǾԹȻûʲô˵ģܿ϶򲻹˵һ¿ŪǾ͵òʧˡ
۵ͷڹ汣ʵȴǾӢʵǾӢ۷ĵطһ㳤Ϲǣ
һҪ۷ʵܲˣŭǺܿ죬뵽Լ΢ĩʵֻεҡҡԴ̾
ˣΪҪ̫࣬۷ڶѾҪѡΣܽˡ


601 ħ
峿⣬ɴһСԺϡ
һΰͬһֻľ׮㣬ֱֱضطһֻӰӣͷı仯ڲ̡
죬һ죬˾һֱԲ˿ΧÿҪϹʱ߹ǱŨɷѹôҲֻţսսشƬ֮䡣
ͻȻһСһСͷ֪ʲôӣȻԵõػص
΢΢˶Ƥһ͵ת˹ȥȳԬͷԬϣڻˣ
˸Ҫƺ뵽ʲô˳ƺù
ԬϿȥһű¶һЦݣǰЦǺǺǡˣС϶ʲôԸ
⡭
üͷ̲ס˶ؿͷȴǲ֪οˡȻ׿ǵȶ˵򵥣ôôѾľһͨоͷ£Сûʲôŵһֹ̣ȴôҲ
һ뵽׿Ǿ仰׿ܼҶϼһмӣҲȻˡ׿ʵ͹ܷΣ϶۵ʲô
ţµԬԬϣ׿ֽܼ֮ߴͽ̣
˵仰ʱͨ죬·ڸһָ̣ôһˡ
ԬˣȴüͷһתתЦŵ˵ͷ޵ǺǺǡӣȻܷϷֽ̣Ҳʵܿɹˡֻƾһ㣬гˡ׿´һҲడ
ףͷôһӱˣ
һ㶣ؿԬһۣȴǲ˴ΪʱԬϣȻûСʣһɲԨһͷ
ҲĿ£ֻǿһۣһֿҪȥĸо׳٣
ͷǺηʥô۷УصöһЩﰡ
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ǺǺǡɣҽʲôǵƳһۣԬϲЦһת۷ȥ
ˣҵϡ
һĹԬһСǰͣһѣȺӵæµذʳ
ԬϿ·ָǵЩϰĶҪɱǣɱ
һ㶣ĪŽŵЩϸĶ¶ã֮ɫЩһŲɣôɱ
ǺǺǡûЩСȷһžܲԣ΢΢һԬ¶صЦݡ
üͷ壬ԣĻһһ¡̧ȻʮֻϣǻϴӼз֮Żŵܻض
ЦҡҡͷԬϲÿɷô©֮㡣ڵǿмĿնúģͬΪվ֮ĲȴܴǰΪǿΪûǿߡ㵽˫ϣˣÿһľ֮ͨںڵˣӲǣʱ֪ԼǵĲˣ
̲ͫסһ´󾪣æԬ̵ǡҸ
һɱЩϣ
΢΢һ̣ԬϻһֻУĿڣոһţֻΪЩΪݽ档㸹мֻͣЩϿԹأ
Ԭϣվ⡭ɻգգۣԴ
ЦҡҡͷԬ̾ȻľԴԲôϷֻǴȷ˵ʱҲаĸоɡʱ̣δЩϣ
۾΢΢飬ضЩڵҴܵСһɼȵĿȦҲԽԽ졣
һŹȫˣԼҪص˵ͷԬͻȻͫһһɾǿɱȻùҲ͵һȫȻȫֽŷǱŵ˾ء
һȻؿԬϣֻУ΢΢һ£ȥ
ֻǹŨ绯Ϊʵʵɱ⣬¾ѡµɻٴͷӣʲô˰
ԼĺӣԬת׿ЦʨӲãȫһΪˡɱ¾ܸɱ֮ҲǲҪɱ¾Ȼɢ飬Į飬ħ棻ħɱ¡ɱҪΪʲô塣
ɱ֮Ǳħħأǵħħħħ̻ǰѳɴǰɱеӣһʹԼѾ֪ȫΪˣһ㣬㿴׿ɣҲ飬һβǱɱɱ
΢΢˶ɫ£һضСͷһλųѵһ㡣
ˣȥɣ׿ǵЩ۸֮£ǵľ񣬰ŵĹ⾰˭ûйЩŵˡ;գʱҪѧɳ¡ʲôʱ׿շ磬ľȻСˡպΪҲ棡˰֣Ԭϵ
ٴذ˰ݣȥת뿪ˡ
ǾӰʧɲǣһİȴأȻ쳹Ԭ
žžž
ԬϾԬϣħħħһǵһ˵ȥúúòһУ
΢΢˶Ԭϻתȴ׿һЦʧЦҡҡԴ׿ܼͱȡЦС϶ˣһϣǴܰ
ԬϿҿҲϱҹ̸һءǹ죬ҿҲ찡
Ǹ鲻ɣǰ׵ˣøϽ뿪ЦһԬҡҡͷ
üͷһ׿⣺˻ν⣿
͵˰֪ʱħڣ˼ˣָҪ㣡ʼ磬ԬϲЦ
ͫ΢΢һ׿ſڵ٣
ţҲˣһͬ纮ٲεӲ磬սӢŸء㣬Ӧò⣡ԬϵͷȻ
׿ĵ۷ˣ
У˼ôص۷£۷ȥԳɨˡ㣬㲻ڣݳЩԭӢȥˣ
η۶׿һŷȥһߣһ֣а¾Ǳҳ֣˼Ӣˣǰ۷ǣȥ𣿡
û취˭ùȫ棬ֻ۷ȻЩˣʧЦһԬ룬ҡҡԴ


602 ħӰ׷

һ죬ŴϣһӰֻ߷ݰ㣬䵽˵ϣǹһ˿֮ɫɫ˲ήȥ
ΧΧ۵аµޱ飬ؿһУĬЩ׼ϳĵǣȴһսս˫Ȼ
ħڵľӢŵôߣֱһ֮λһͷڷбڳһۣһЦ
ߵһΰ˶꣬Ҳ¶һЦݣÿɷܣ˵Ǹ֣ħڵ𣿡
Դˣ磬ĸС׿ܼţλãһаһƵɨһۣȴǺɣɴȳСҶһսͷڹһ
ʯӣǺڷߣĪϣħھλڣҲĿ˰ɡϷ˵ˣţֲǼ壬ĹܼңϹһѣҪһһ£
ߺߺߡˣǴĿֻǵӼдһ£ٽڽ϶ʲôҪǲ֪ģΪڿսأ
΢΢һλϹȫɫаҲһŭؿ
꣬ͷÿսвǣħڣڣΪ֮һֲûţȻŻǣǸ
ؿ£аָЩηηصӣŭǻɵʲôϰΪӢŵӣûҪǴˣȫȥ
̲סһЩӺ޳ˡ
꣬ӢôˣڵľӢǿ߶۷ȥˣǻʲôսħǿٱȣ
һ٣ǱȻǶˣ˵Ǳ߻һĺأǳսҲ򲻹
ҲһаЦؿǣϣħľӢŵӰȻ˲ãѹϴ˫ĩˡֻҺһˣȫˣ
̲סݺһ飬аò̡ϴ˫ᣬʹȴһСǰĵ̶˰̣ȴҲҲסˡŭɫ
ĪϺͺټˣ˴˶һۣЦǱ֮ɫ
ߣһ˵ӢţΪ˭Ǹ𣿡ȻһӰŴֲ£һѴɨѣǰ
ݳǰΪţǸŰЫˡ
ǶǾӢžؿ飬Ž뾫Ӣ۷ĸ֣ҲʹΪۣõըëɨѣؤӵܣ
ٵ˼ˣЩɻһ˭òײĴڣǲķݣ
ǣ˴۾ǣݳ˵ЩӢŵȴ·㣬ʹȥ
ʦ֣ˡҪٲǹƾ͸ȫû˰
԰԰̫ݶӲ֣

ӢŵһһпպͿ־壬ݳɫԽŭٵ˿һУȴЩȦˡ
ô£һүһؤȣħھʲô
бƳƳڵϣѪֹʦܣݳףظ֣ȴɱһлɱɼԷʵ֮ߣС
ǣֿǺٷ򣬹Ȼհصĸ̧֣ǰȳħڵĺ٣ĸУ

һǿƴٵʱͫһ֣صؿվߣ
۷ݳһݳХ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ת׿ĺٺĪһۣ˽Ī
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ôһۣվǿߣħھ᲻ʶ˲ŰΪȥۣ
һݳĶˣһվأһհأ˱ˡ
ѹħڽھһֱף˲žôķ˰
ҲںֻҪвȫˡ
аЦһ¶һɭݣվأ⻹еͷֻΪҸһؾĻһ˿ƨûеģ
ߣͿңǲһ˰ɣ
һݳͫһǰ˹ȥȻһЦҲǺԥسȥһƻ

һ죬˫ӣ΢΢˶ӣأȻվԭأһδݳȴǵŵŵ˲ֱʮ֮࣬ſͣ
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̲ͫסһݳֱġΪߣΪԷ֮£Եƣ
ףЫͰҲһзɻ
Цһټ˰ɣΪҸһأԪǿȿȶңŵ̡֪ӴС㾳أ˶鵤ҩôַ˶٣Ųࡣ˫ĽУŵõԴԽʵԽҪڣԶûܣ
Ƥ̲ס˶ħȫ£һŭɫݳ˸¶˲֮ɫ
ƺеִ֣һЦ˹˹ָЦһϣǷΪֹǿʲôĲ࣡
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аЦһٲÿɷ񣺡һϻЩζ̫ˣ㲻ϣ

һŭȷݳ˱˴˶һۣһ̤͵س˳ȥ
ʱ䣬ŭţӿȫԸһɽһԷѹȥǹǿڳоӢŵ˷ܲѡ
ԭӢϳǿƣҲضס
ǣ龰ٺĪȴɫƽȻģڳеĺ٣ҲɹһаЦݣƺ˿˵ǿ
죡
׹أ
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˫ǰһӣٵȻֵɫӰУһ˴ȥ¡һ㽫˺һĹâ˲ɢ
ۣ
̲ס³һѪ뵹ɳȥʱǺӰͣЪؼ׷ͬһֻư㣬ץͷϡ
أȻ䣬һҰУ˶پͷʹѣƺҪըһ㡣һЦ¶һѪȵЦݡ
ãҪɢǵԪ񣡡̲ͫסһ׹ɴгʱվ֮ɫ
ݹҲһģ˫ȭ߬
ǣǳ֣ԷĪϵЦȴЦӼıȶгϹֵĵѵħڣضЦ󷽣

Ƥ΢΢һ׹˸æаµķȴаһһԡԣ棬⼸ӵҪö࣬սˣҲ֣ܳ
龰׹ٿ˿ϾҪԪɢʹ಻ɫ˫ȭݺݵָ߬׶۵ҧгݣȴΪ
ԽħڣڹԽϣΥڹ棬ǿͷＸ˭ҲܲˡǾҲάȣֻ·һ


603 

ͻȻը죬ƱˣԪȻҪܲסʱһǿķȻʱ㽫ͷϵǵһ״ɢ
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̲ͫסһٸæ˫ǰһ
䣡
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ֻƣҲȫǼӲʯذ֮У
ʲôˣƤ΢΢һٶϸܵ亹ƿȻǵЩ˫̧ۣǰȥ
ٺĪϣҲüͷһ壬ת׳Ǿ޷紵ȥȴһݵӰͬ翸һѴɨѣһĮضǡ
ӣǺƸոͻվã
̲ͫסһٲʧɫæָŶԷӰԣżæŵ磬
ߣԭ㰡ϴεĿͷûԹҵˣ֣
һ׿ֻƳһۣ㲻ȥˣתĿͶ·ˣȵûУûҸɻȥһ۵ӣ͸۸øɵ¡еĵۣͷˡ˼ƾӢŵģûйϵߣ
׿Ȼ˵Ĳȴʵʵھһ
ЩʹĶͷ׿΢΢˵ͷЩɵؿ˶Ǻһۣ㰴׿˵˳ӵ뿪ˣûһ˿Թԡ
ΪѾȫ壬˫֮Ĳ࣬жô޴һҲû˿ʤ㡣
׹ݹˣԼŮڰȫһ׿ķҲǸм֮ɫ
νü׿תҪߣһȴ𣺡ȵȣȻˣ¶֣ô׵ػȥ¿ûĺ£
˭ħڵĳϹ𣬹ܵӣתбһۣһԵĺƣ׿Ȼ֪Ц
һЦÿɷ񣺡ħڶħڳһĵӣԽֽһ¡֪£γƺ
ħ۷ưӣ׿ңǶ׿ܼң
ػ˻ɨѣ׿һЦȻ㲻гϣҾûϻˡһҪȥϹأǣ
ȵȣô˵ҲŵĹͣҶ񣿡׿˿ԼӣתֱӾߣٲһȳ
һЦ׿һߣһ߲мƲƲ죺ȻǹͣĳϹȥһ۵ӸʲôֻŵɨӴ£һŲ𣡡
аո˵ҿսκһӰɣ׿ŲɲͣתתͻȻаµķ
ﲻ֪룬а²ЦһͷֻҪԸͺãӣ
ãҾͲˣ
һɺâһЦȻ׿Զȥķ򣬽һ̤͵سȥ˫ָ£ǰ׿뿪ÿû¡׼ؽ似޽
ݣ
ɲǼ䣬һɼΪɭĲȻ˫ֱָȡ׿ԡ֮ռ䶼ɵĲҽУҲ𶯷¶Ҳ˲併˼㡣
ֹͫסһʯɴʧɫħ似ר޽
ǰȻ鴫˵ֻҪվظֵԪʹУһЩ͵ĻߣҲһбɱνԽɱ֮
аҲüͷ壬΢΢ͷһ̾ܿϱֳָһĨЦ⺮λӣȻǲӵܣϧλһλעܱˣ
೤ϹҲЦ΢΢˵ͷ
ĪϱԺһصԴǺȻ֣ħλ߲ЦŵݣȴأȻһ
ôѵһרԻֵ񼼣Ըһ
ף׿ǰոջɱ鳤ϣţһĻ֣ܹᲢۣ
ֻܹɱżߵһУǰ˵ħڸ߲Ѳˣ
ȻǵĽҪǰ׿һֱȻǰеĲȴδͣɨһҲֱһһ

һ쳹ص𣬷·һֻһ廨㣬һָʱ㱻׿һɨ˲顣ͬʱǹɾ˳һֱֱָ˻ȥ
һٱ㱻ˣûأ̲ס³һѪԴҪըһ㣬ʹѣ
ǽҧأסˣֻ˫ͫȻķϣҲڲϵض
ӡĪϼˣɴ󾪣æǺȴ΢΢˰֣ûֻһؿŶǸȻԵýɨջصӰǳ˿־塣
ٸæǰסҡҡ׹Ӱȫܹʱľͬ׿ķ˫̲ͫס
Ѿģǲ˰һոͻվߣôǿ̶ֳȣ綼һ֮С
ǿҲˣԪǿ
òñ߻ˣ
ؿ׿ǲмһ˵ݣ˵壡
ɨѷڵϣѺڵϵ˿ɨɨ׿аЦһĿڣһɨɾĴŪˣ
Ӻݺһ𣬺ŭɫȴŲڡΪУһѪû³һֱڱţڵǰ¶ӡ
һпУ׿Цת׺С뿪ˡ
аҲ󳩣еϱӣת׿ĪϵĪϣ˼СӾôҲŰᵽ۷ܹģð֮뺣
ôԭаãʵĵӣ뷲۾΢΢һУĪһ˫ᣬ𣿡
˵أǻػȣа²ÿɷ
˵ͷĪ΢΢һݣȻˣôǲˣʹ˸ǣ˫ټɣ
õģͿͣ΢΢ͷаһ̧֣ȳ
Īϻ˻䣬һλ뿪˵ӰʧλϹЦһʹ֮ɫ
벻ħΪ֮УҲгԿʱ򣬵Ǵİ
˵̫磬ǿɲսģ
Ȼ۸ոаȴЦһмƲƲ죺̽ģ׿⺮٣ǰʵ᲻ǹвڣȻǴﵽĿˣ
ô죬ǵʵ񲻱¶ˣһ׹üǵ
νذڰ֣аһֽס𣬳Ҫ¶󷽷سָǿߣھҪǣεĿ֮꣬У
ӢڳϹһݣ
ʱһӵĴȣԦڳϣЯ
ʲôԦˣüͷһ壬ڳ㿴ңҿ㣬ĪôˣЩŽӶ
а²Ц˵̽ġϴ׽ϣ˫Ҫˣ
ߣͬΪڣ𣿡
ԣгϴ׿棬ȥǽѵһٲͳˣ
ƨһаһ̣¶аЦݣڵˣҪչǵƣǲСǡڵ˵׿ɲ籩¶ȵ˫ϣٴֲҲ٣
һжʱһٴη׷װ£óϷӢ


604 ָ

һ죬֮ϣһӰʱ˳ȥѪ쭷ɣڵϹȦͣŻѪֹȻȻ˼ڸȴǲ
Ķ棬ǸοһϮ۵Ĵ󺺣ŵϵˣЦֿվŵһŵӣǱ֮ɫôħڵľӢûôֻһ
ǲһڵӿ󺺣հΪȴ쳣ţ½ǴŭһλãĮǱݺҧҧеŭѹȥ
̸ܣʲôǾӢûˣҪǰձ۷һ֣ոֱǺٴһܳսܻĵط
ţ۷˳棬˵ǸɱϵĹ׿ݳλʦʦ㣬͹ʰˣŸʲô
ǣ˸˳һŭһаȴһԴ˻ȥ
֮ϣһλ׷ԲԵߣ棬һԵģؿа£ʧЦаŹھӢŸֱòֻЩ˰ɣ
³ϹˣھӢŵĵӾڴˣͽд裬ˣװŭ֮ɫаȻ
۾΢΢һУͷٴؿһۣȷϵô࣬û𣿡
ߣһڣڵʲôģѵ³ϻɣаһ֮Ļһӣа±ŭ
³һתתЦһ΢΢ͷǺǺǡа֮ûҪЩѵģϷȻš
ɫа²Բòᡣ
Ȼ˵ĻϷиˣǰð뺣վ³ٴνаãװģŹһݣǱ
ţֿе󺺣ܣˣаʩлл󿪷֮ţôྫӢŵӸд
лаʢôҷ֡˵Ҷûʲô洦ôûйͣҲпˣҾ͹Ұлɡ
ңң˱ȭǻһЦؿа£
аɫԽ£ȴû˵һ仰³ϼˣҲЦһѵĵӣʵڿܣаǰʵҲ˵˼˫ᣬɻҪսأܵø˼һϣ
Ϳͣ
ƺҲܲǵ룬³ϻû˵꣬аǴȳȫöɸ
һЦ³ٴذ˰֣Ǹͬһɪͽ뿪
ǣǾ벻ǣǵӰȫʧаȴ۾һУʱ¶һ˿аЦԵĳϹһۣĵһȺ֮ܣ˫ôŪǣ
࿴˿λϹҲȫһıЦǻһŵʦͽ˫׿ǹʱĳʦͽһǹ̻˰ɣǿɾȤˡ

ħһ֮۵һ³һѪɫ԰׵Ŀ£۵ɢļɵ֮ɫ
磬֪ҲУξ͸ýдˣƫƫҪӲ硣ڿɺãԱ˰ɣһֵܣͬһһԱ񣡡һԣԼֵܣӣֹ̾
ݺݵصһۣŭȳ죬˭֪һССôһʵ˱̬
ǰСӵʵ֮޵ˣħΨһסģҲֻȻͻƻ龳Ĵˣ
ظ˸룬ĪоâһҺǰħһ̽ȻС˫ᣬħǶڵλȥġ˭ᱻȡǶҪסλ
˴˶һֵۣܽ΢΢˵ͷһƬ¡
ʱӰһߴĺӣһɪҡԴ߳ٺٺ١ʦ÷˰ɣħѾûˣ˫ϣһһԱ֮𣬸λϣڶԶ֮ף
ģôĿħԴӼǹ󣬶ħ֣ضԴˡ˭ôţƣȻųҪһڵ
üͷһֵܱ˴˶һۣɫĪҲЩ֣Ƕһסȥ·
ʲôˣ
һ³Ϻǻܵʱһʱϵа֮Ƥһ´󾪣㡭ħˣ
Ϸħڳϣ
Ȼص˵ͷĪϵǺˣǸոմħڳģ
ͫ΢΢һ³ԷħڣһæԦ³ϣСͽܡ˵ĲǸմħڳ
ȥħڸʲôˣ
ϣϷСͽȥдһ
д裿һ㶣ĪشһۣհأҲһ㣬ʣȻд֮߳ˣһ˶ûУЩ֣д衭˳𣿡
࿴˿ʦͽЦܸͦͦţԵõȻħڣûһġҲʮУȫ̵ˣѴ֮˫ᣬħڿԲٹעˡǵĶ֣ʣˣ
ʲôʮ֮ڣȫ̵ƾ㣿ԣٵ޺޵صһۡӶ˼һлˣƾʲô̵ˣҲ䣿
Ҳ֣ѵ˱ǹﻹʵħôӣ̵Щˣ
ħǿӣӢţͦͦţԵõ
˴˶һۣٵƺȻʲôʵ۷ˣûУ
ۣҼǸʲôһȺײĶѣҲȥһ֮ɫ
ӣȫˣ࿴˿ЦҡҡԴ˵Ŀ⣬ɵһ
һ⣬Ī
ôˣ˱ȭ³һɻǫ̵
ʧЦŰ˰֣Īϲÿɷ񣺡ûʲôֻǼԦھȻôһֱӽħڵľӢŸˣ˫ϣ֮ףĪ˰
ǵȻȻûﵽ֮УڵĻ˵ڶ˭ϵһظأǸɫȻҿȾˡ
Ī˼ˣӴЦ
һç󺺣ΪͬϲҲǺЦϡ³ȴԽԽԾôЦôأЦ
ǣĪǻ˻֣뿪ˡҲֻüɶͷԣɻԼĵӣ뿪
Ŷ˵ӰʧٲЦʦͽֱɵӣħڵƶûͻȥˡȵ˫ϣǳԴɣ
ţǰаµİɳ²֮ˡ˭뵽ħڵǿӣ۷ء֪׿ôǿڣǧ򻽲ŽƳĻǸһҲһԴͻˡа½սص֮֤˫дͼ
ӣĪϵоâһĳ
ֵܱ˴˶һۣҲǷ׷׵ͷ
ħڵ˼ʱȻȻңǽָڵλļս˵ףҪһµĿꡭ


605 ˫

һصķڣ׿ϥʯϣ˫΢գͷȼաԺһ߲ϼľҲͬͷȼĿգһǿƣҲ׵һһԽ׳
ˣ
ͻȻһ󲨶ش׿͵˫̲ͫסһȫƾأȻǿֹ
ͬһʱ䣬Ժе꣬ҲȻֻ˶ͫŭһǹͬҲ˲أȻ㽫߲ϼһɫȵĻâԺÿһ䡣

һ׿ŭǧһ֮ŽͣȫҲڡ
˿׿һڵΪص˵ͷ
£ֻǶ̶̵£һͻƣﵽնصΪ֮Ȼ棬Ч°빦
ңһ곹׺Ϊһ壬ԪҲڸȫںϳɹˡպӵӦ֡
׿ܼңɷϷ𣿡ͻȻһϵĴ׿üͷһ֪˭ĳ׹ɣ
һ֣ܵķ󷨣׿ָһǵªľűһˡ
׹΢ЦȻ˽׿ʱΪʱ۾һȭصǺǺǡϲ׿ܼΪгѽֻǶ̶¶ѣͻˡ׿ܼѵõţٶöپ̾
ǺǺǡ׹ˣֻǱȱ˸ŬһѡԣҾ˽нһݹһһϦģǽ̤ʵأڸţǾǲףҪҩӲɽҲ˰֣׿ÿɷҡҡԴ
̲ס΢΢һ飬׹׿װǻƵӣͷ϶ʱһͷ¡
̵ģװƣ
Ŭ˶ȥˣҲûô̬ġ츳Ĵ츳԰ڣĲˡ
ض׿ǽӣ׹бһ
׿˵Цף׹Һ£Ϊڲ
ǻǱѾģ
Цһ׹ҡҡԴŵ׿ܼңλָ롣ֻ⼸һֱչزͻƽҪͷ㲻šոХͻػ磬ѳɹԴţ
ŶԭˣͰ׹ˣ˱ȭ׿
ЦҡҡԴ׹΢ְڣ
ˣ֪Ϊ£
šָ룬׹Ȼλָһ𣬹̴£Ӧ˫֮˰ɣ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿˼ǰа¶˫Īû͸¶һ˿һ֣ص֣̽Ǹóʱ˰ɣ
ţ׿۾һУҲһ
ǺڴǱ˰׹׿ֱڴȥֻаºڤɷˣѾõˣа²Цһôˣ
û취⼸չسնؾ΢΢ʼ磬׿ÿɷ
ؿһۣаоڣ΢΢ͷ֪׹ѻ㱨ĻټԵ޹ʲڹϳˣ
νƲƲ죬׿ÿɷ񣬾ֱ˸λ
а¼ɫ΢΢һеǸ̸ˡСӣôʱ䣬ûеأڣ
д㣬ڷǡ
ݺҧҧаǿԽŭѹ¡
ƺǿĵ׵ŭɷЦһΣ׿벻ôʱھͻˣʵǶţһЩС©Ҳ̫׷ġأΪʵ·ģ԰ɣ£
Ҳһʮһգͬûйء͸㣬ôݺݵһۣа
ɷɲЦһͬÿɷ
ţа±ֿ׿ʽ⣺׿ǰҪ˫ƽҲǸ˽һµʱˣ
Ȼ
۾΢΢һ׿ϵص˵ͷ
˴˻࿴һۣ˽ղʾһ£ɷڵ׿Ҫ˵˫ᣬôӴ½˵𡣶ˣ֪ʲôʥ𣿡
Ȼӽָеǣ
׿аЩ֣Щ֮ˣ֪ʥ֮£Ϊ˱ɣ׿ֻװͿãҡҡԴʥʲô
ǺǺǡǸСط֪ʥҲпԭٴλ࿴˿˲ЦŻɷ͵ʥǱʯۼɲס°빦ԣҲΪ½ڶŵ۹ӶĶ½ϣʥ󣡡
ʲô
ͫݺһ׿̲סг
ʥʢʥʯʥҲǼټʥѿأʱħʣҲռһʥĵز
û뵽ⷲ׾ȻʥڣЩʥ֪ӵ᣿
ˣʥɵĵؽ磬ͨŨʥڣôôϡ
׿üͷ壬˿⸱ӣȴˡСӲǲ֪ʥ֮ôôӦô
ƺ˵Ĳɣ׿ЦһεǺǺǡȻʥӦúϡвŶԣôôࡣһҶƽ֣ʥ󣬲Ǹ׷ôǺǺǡ
׿ǲɵˣ½ֻʥܽжƽֵù𣿡üͷһаֵؿһۣЦңʥͨᲢֻۡͨߵĸƷûУֻҪ츳ãҲܰͷʥһܸʣǸĲšǶԴˣ͸󡣲ȻΪЩ֮Ϊܳʢ˥
üͷһ׿ɫȻĳѵʥ
ûҲ˫ڣ
ص˵ͷɷŵʥ󣬷ֱڶݡݡݡݺ崦Ϊ˱Լʥݵĸͬˡݱʮͬˣ˫ԺΪס˫Ժ˵һڣʵҲȻΪûеӣֻǿɵһ壬ǿսʥκַ
Ϊδս˫Ժÿ꣬ͻһ˫ᣬѡʵĵӣȥ˫Ժ
ʱа½ŵǣǲЩӾΪУһʮ󣬻ǷŻţչʵܵõ˫ԺĸָʥĻУ˵ʮ깤򣬵ȴԵֵϼ档պķչҲкôңѡϵӵţҲõһʷı꣬Ǳʥ󣡡
Ƥ΢΢һ׿ȻҲ˫ĿԭΪ˱ݣսǰѵ
ŴţΪ˷չԼʵҲ׷ײμ˫ᣬԼĵ͵һԼǿߣܵõʣչţֶΪ
ѹָţᶼΪ֮ˡʥʯջ󣬱˻ȴˡʥʯһ򵥵ľ󣬱ܽŵ˲ʥΣ
ջһˣһֵܹء


606 
ǣΪǿߵĻΪβʥŷȥзݶüͷ΢΢һ壬׿ЩɻһǸܱˣ
˱˴˶һۣǲɿЦһɷ̾Ҫô׵ˡֻϧʥ󶼺ֻܹ֣Ե۵ʥʯܹȡ￪ɣôҲȥˡǴ½ǿļλ֣ҲͻƲεļǽԣֻܵ꣬ȡһ۳ʥ
ԭˣǾиֲ½ˣ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿ףʥʯͨ󣬶ɿȡ۶ɡʥıأѱ֪η֣ý籣ֻбԵ֮һЩؿԱ˿ɡ
˵ʥ֮ˣңʵ֮ǿǷˣ
׿˼ãȻһУ˵ˣ˫Ҫԣףʲôʱ
һ֮󣡡
ؿһۣаµҸһʱѡӣȻΪӳǰ˫ᣬΪŶȡ档ȻŵԽǰԽڣҲųˡϣδħڻΪ֮У
׿һ΢΢ͷãֻǵȥ𣿡
Ȼǣɷǻտǣ
ֻλüͷһ׿Щ֣ʢ£Ȼֻǲ̫˵㣬йδǰ;
εʼ磬ɷ׿򣬴Ц׿ͱ㳡ˣÿŶһϹֻҲȥҪ¸Ҹۣ£˫ԺĹأ

׿˵ͷȻҲãӼԷſֽŴսˡ򣬿ŶԷһϼһǶԼߵϼһֲ˼Ҷ֣ѹǺܴġ
ҪԸԷĵӣҪЩ϶º󱨸ٳܷô
˫Ժ˹涨еģ
ˣûʲôµĻȥ׼ɣһܺţа»˻֣ȥˡ
ڤɷһݣȻ뿪׿һ׼̧뿪ʱسһ£תа£һҪ̸
Ƥһ飬а¿׿֣صɫҲΣҡҡͷ̾ˣʲô˵ɣ
˼һ׿̸ǣһžƷħڡڣ飬Ѿȫˣֻ˫һսѡս롭Ƿܻ
ôħʲô𣬲ˣǻ÷ˮ𰡣˵ܿܳΪŸ߲㣬̤۷塣˵ԺλӣҲᴫ㣡µıаؿ׿ȴĻظ
Цҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ﶼû塣ֻϣҸŵ˫һ˼άңʧ
ôвң
һаؿ׿ȴҲͬؿԼһãǳ̾һЭãȻĲǿҲûáңȥǡ˴˫ᣬҲø˫ԺˡˣںˣΪЦ
üͷ׿ЩΪѣֲûӢǿӣֶǺٶ֣ʵ̫һ˵ܰЩڵ˰ƽҪ˫Ժ
ô
۾һУа²Ц˵ʲôϻˣʣһ֮ô˼õó֮֡УЩܶڵ𣿻仰˵һǿиƨáҪ㲻ܰЩСӸҴ͵øŶţܣ

һͣ׿Щѡӣа²ôΪ¶Ϳնˣ㲻úܿô
ǰСһǺܺð죬ˣЩܲˡתת׿бۿа£˼ԡ
ôֵܣҷŸȨɣּɱӣҲסǰϼһȨ
ؿ׿а²¶һаЦݣã֪˼ôͷȥɡǰСӣϺȣ
˵ţаͻȻâһسһƣȻ˦Ӹ׿
ӹһ׿ֻֻһ֣а
˱ƣбڵѹųϹʶãڡɱᣬ˴£
ҿóʡҲأ۾һ׿Ц
Цҡҡͷа²ÿɷ񣺡ǰէʢǸӣϹֽ֪ͱʲô¦ӡڣҲ㹦ͣųϹмӡеìܣҲ̫ҲŸҷİӽ㡣֮ŭʯȻûַ񲻰Ҳˣ
Ȼ¸ˣҲǼСѵٺٺ١аһЦ׿а±˱ȭȻԵõ뿪
ǣûǣ뿪а¿Ӱȴ֮ɫ׿ŷչҲ̫ˣ󳬺֮ϡǴ˴˫³ɣҲãǺǺǡҲá
ڶ峿׿λָѡĵӣ̤ǰ˫̡ݳԭӢǿ֣Բ˵ʣµ۷УӥͿҲȫˡ¶գм࿴ù۵ĵӣҲ档
ˣ
һռ䲨Ž绺򿪣׿һǰһ̤Ǽһ̤磬ˬ졣
ˣܹ̤ҲǼΪˣǺܶûţһ¿Ժúõɽˮһˡ
ɷ˿һУȴһЦ
˵׿һʱѡΣһϾ;ˣ᲻̫ˣɷЩǵؿ
üͷһ׿νʼ磺ǵʵҶ˽⣬˭ȥ˭
Цŵͷɷһƣһָպ¶˵Ҳˣ˸ոͻûãֹлȫƾħҲȥ
ͽܣȥ۽磬һ£

һɷ˽Ǻݺݳ鶯һƤ׿һȻݣ޳ˡ
磬Ҳ̫ˣȥΪƴͽܣǲ̫˽Ϲ˵㣿
պ¶һۣȴȫЦһÿɷ񡣸׿ʱ䳤ˣҲ˽׿ƢǵʦԵĴڣôŰɣ
Уҵø˵˵ȥҲ̫Ϸ˰ɣ˦˦ӣɷӦڴС档
ʱ׿йâһسһƣѹʱ˲һȳƣ
ǰҪ˵Ͷ˵ɣһ
˦˦еƣ׿ĳƵãӦñ˭Ҹһȥ״ģߺߡҲһΨ֮˭Ŀ죡
ǲһ˱˴˶һۣ¶һ֮ɫа̾а£ôءһһ·񲻶Ҫôô


607 ʬ
ۣ
һЦλþӢŵָ˳ԱӣһЩŮ̲ס͵Цѡ
һЩƽׯµ׳УʱҲǱͨ죬ӲԭӢŵλǿҪЦˡ
ʱǿλƽʱ߸ϵĹ˱ģ
ЦʲôЦ㣬أͫһɣɷʱŭĿģȳ
һ˵ʱǴЦҲﲻסˡ
ⲻһƣ档
׿ˣҲЦſˣѵʲôЦģ˭£֪ǣҳЦһǿ޵ʱȳһ鵤һ¾񣡡
˵ţ׿ֳһƿؽҩһһǡ
׿˺ƵݣҲ˳ֽ˹쿴һȴͫʱһдϲ
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УǲܳԣЦҡҡͷ׿һЦݡ
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һҽУ֮䴫ɫһȫֹסһ£Ȼľͷ˰㣬еضÿһһһ·𶳽һֻͷƶ
ӣôˡһæҪǰȴҲһͣеԼֹסؽӲ
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Цһ׿ÿɷֻСƿףȻЦʵƷһ鵤ҲпǶ

һ㶣ɫ󺧣
Ʒʬ֮ȫήһºȫΪʯԶ
ʲô
׿ȴȻ󾪣ŵؿ׿ոǿɥʦΪҪǰ
Ҳ͸߹㣬֮ĿУ֮ĲްôǲʦĻأ˭㣬ʦĶһǺöˣЦһ׿Ц
أһǺر׿ί
ոռһӣû뵽ǰ˻ġڣǲ֪ʲôЦصˡ
ղŭĿǵɷ׿ܼʵ̫˰ЦݾͰѶˣǸոջмţǴһˡ
ɷһץס׿ؿڣŭΪʲôҪôˣ˭ȥμ˫ᣬһ˹˾𣿡
ûȥ룬׿ֻеƣɫأȻ˫ἫգҲ֪ڵʵȥ˫ᣬ֮صļʺܴԣҵϰɣ
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һ׿Թ֮ɫ
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ڣ׿µȴԶҩԾѵǣֶֻе顣
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һʪĴڣֻмֻȼգƲУڴÿһһֲ֮С
λãһŷ׳һ׿һθߴ󺺣һӣĿͭ壬ݺһϣ졣
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ǰϷҲһлܶӣ˵ãĪҲǹһݣʵ档
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һǴĿӣмƲƲ죺Ҫ뻯龳ˣҲûôˣһֻ۰װûʲôѿһҲУýʮյ̣֮ʹζߺߣԼѡɣ
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ףԸ̣֮һݣޱ飬
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һö֣˫ᣬˣǺǺǡ΢΢һ̣¶һаЦݡ
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һ棬һĵɽڣһɫӰһȴһɫ۵ꡣ
˫Ŀ΢أüĿ㣬ǿƣֹסɢ
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ЦҡҡͷʦЦЦСʦܣʦЦˣʲôݵһţǰҸôԳ𣿡
ôңʦѻ龳꣬ʦҲոͻƻ龳ѣôпɱԣʦ֣ĪҪЦˣʯ֮ڣǵľͯȤЦ
ЦҡҡԴʦֲÿɷ񣬾ôš
һʱʱʱ
涼ûʲôǣ͵λʦֵȵòͷˣҪٴθߺȴߴʱ˵һȴشʯ֮Ȼ
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ͬʱһּ䣬һʮʮˣһÿòϢǿƲʱһЩ޶ҽǰһԶԶӿˡ
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ͻȻһӰ˲¶һףŭħأħСȥˣ
ϣԭϰüͷһƣһŮ̧ۿ˿Цħʦ̫ģȥˡȵ˫Ȼǻϣ
ʲôСӾȻţܳȥˣʵд
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Ůؿⳤһۣȴνʼ磬οİɣħʦֲᵢʱģֲСӣִ磡
иƨķִ磬ֲûٸɣ
ŮΪ⣬ǳϵһĭ˳ǰȥ߹ݵʱûţܲӰˣ˼ҲʱҲûţܲӰˡϷӡû
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ô֪ұ֤𣿡
Ȼͫ΢΢һ˵ΪΣ׸Ķֻ֣Ǹųݵһŵˡ׸磬ģǺǺǡ
Ƥ΢΢һ˱˴˶һۣȻص˵ͷ
ҲʱڵһһСϣȥɫƷĿַǷþδڵϲԽۺ
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տĴϣһĿںţһΪֵĴϣΪŲŽŲ
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⣬Ǳ׿ƭι½ʬħһеӣңңȥԭʮ˵Ķ飬Ҳֻвʮˣÿһ˵϶쳣ᶨذڶӣԼ׽Ӳ
ΪǣȻؿЩΪʬĶѣλΪʯɳɻҡֲֿĳ棬һӶǣ
̵ģ׿ѾĻǺģԭһˣĻҪ˵һǰ߶жԼĦɺڣһĵؿգеնôܳס𣿡
ǲһ񣬿ն޳ˣϵʮ˶ûЪΪϣͿŲסˣúϢһ°Ҳ֪ʲôУ
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ͳߣȴûпɱԵġ
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ȱƣףǵһ׶ѵɹ˰ѾƲ˶Ϻ׿аЦһƱһһȥ
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أҪȴǺȻ֣ԼЩ˾ֶˡ·ֻصԭһȫӲʯͷһ㣬һ΢СĶ첻
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׿ܼңֿǣǲ˱죬
üͷһ׿΢̣һЦʲôʱˣϢ˼λġѹǣҪڣǾǲ
٣׿ѪˣʱҲû԰
ǰ˵ͣ¿ˣΪٷԭˣ˵ЪϢģô֡һԹؿ׿ǰ
εӣ׿ƤϷ˷ʱåԳϵҾ֪飬ģô
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ߺߣһѳĻһԥشԴħ
˿׿жݺݵš
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610 ټ
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Ƥ΢΢һ׿һһ̧Ŷһ춯׿һѽǰѳ콣âץУ̧ȥȴǳâһˣǸʮ£һŭŮԲȻֻΪǽϵϬȴǱȱϵʵǿöࡣ
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׿ǰǱལУȻԵõؿŮӣз֮ɫڤɷˣҲǲÿɷЦţ˿Ϊ⣬ȻڵغƣƺȫŮӷ
һվȻ붯׿͵ϮҲԲ
Ůӳֺ󣬵ָ׿һ̣˶翴Ϸһ㣬ûʲôֻЦСŮݺ

һǱɫ׿ϸһǲһаĻȣƷַҲϧʹ̫ˣûö
㡭ǹҧҧŭĿ׿зųĺ⡣
ǣ˵׿ȴЦһбϵŮޣʲôˣö˶˵ĸҪɱңһûǸʵ

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ڳ˸аЦƺϲĥ˵ĳ棬ħԾԣ
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аɣаɣƺҲģһȺޣǰ׿Ű涣ڼ׿ŰˣʱԴ󷢣һ˷ܼ
ڤɷһУҲЦ⣬ܣʮѵõʱⰡ͵ǸСĿˣһǻҪ·أ
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׿ҲȥǽС˽ǻУǽ㣬ǶǻˣӺʦһǱ°ߵģ
һˣȻʲôöҲмС֮¡磬һǱȽ˽ġң¸޹أ
Ůӵıο̧׿׿ϲŭԹЦô⼸׿ܼҵӻǲģר۸Сﰡ
ףʶ
һ˲ȫˣڶǰѲǵҲһ˼ؿǡ
ôǽ׵ˣʶħ
εӣ׿ƺҿǵ۾бۿһߣĳû˼СⲻȥѾͷƬԵ޹дҵġʩͷΪɣ
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˲һأڳ˵ʱȦˡ
ôˣ̫߳ˣ׿ܼƽһУɱȻҲϴʱ
û׿һǿӲ˵ϸҲʱǻǵһ
ɵãؿ׿·ڿһ˰㣬첻ʶˡ
ͬʱֽĿ⳯˳ǵķľ֮ɫŮ˭Ȼ׿ܼòˡѵӦǾ仰Ӣѹ˹أ
ǽ׿ЩڵΣ̣е¶ЩȻЦݡ
ǵҲǲɵô˴ԴӳδЦأΡ
׿˵ոյ£õĴˣüͷһͻȻʵ
ƲƲ죬׿ÿɷŤԴȻ˭µģ
һˣҪһŮôƽ𣿡
ûҾôСǼ
Ҳôƽϣ

˿ŶˣȻɵˡ˶ڸʲôȥһûᣬǻһͷˮ̸ȴЩҳ̣С⣬ӳܰ
׿ܼңʲôʱʼŮ˽ˣǳ˵ֻǿûжԴôڡ
Ƥ΢΢һ飬˽̾ԴС¥ֻгǽϵʣ׿˵ĵھþûš


611 ƹ
ϼһ˵ǵ˶°ȥˣ
һĿջڣˮһųϣŭضǰһŮӣʮ˸棬һƺӵͷ廨
ͷȴǲļһκӣ¶ɵЦݣ૳ơơҾƣ
ƣƣͷ
ŭһˮĿɷȳϾƹѾˣٶ࣬ҲþˣװҪƹôǲǣ
ûɫͷɻεӣŵҲֻһ֣ƣ
˷۶ˮһ̧һƾҪȥϼһһǶϽۣڡ
Ȼʱ֣һĿںţȴǴ𣺡һһһ
²һˮԵǸŮӱ˴˶һۣɫ
ȥһʲôŮӴɫˮ
Ůһͷ㼱ڣ͸ŴȥȴһӶ罩ʬһ㽩ӲȺһһ
Ϊ׵ĵӰȥĺܣȴ׿ڤɷˣ
һߣϤӰǳǺ͵ˣһ߸Ǵ·һ̸Ц
أŮһʦú¶ˬЦݡǺܿ죬ַӦˮʦ㣬ʦǻˣһȺֵˣȫֽŽӲ·Ѿ
һץˣ򿪽磬Ӧǣ۾һˮ
ǾƹͷȴǲɵֱҡԴ̾޹֮˱ǣˣ
٣ͷԭ˵ոһֱװɵǲǣߣȰЩץٺúʰ㣡ݺݵصһۣˮü˿סˣŮӿ߳˿ջ
ǾƹͷŮӵıӰÿɷЦЦҡҡԴ
̫˰ôȥ类Сٺٺ١
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˭Ƿ²˭ˡǾемҲô˼ңӲмǲǣʱԶ׿һߺ޵ŭ
ԭΪˮĻˣԣأһͣһԹؿ׿׿ܼң⻰Ҳʲôû˭мˣ㺦ģ
üͷһ׿νʼ硣ˮȴһؿ׿㡭ǡ
Ŷʦ㣬ûأ
׿ߣһץס׿֣ǰҸ֮ɫܵ׿Ĺʽڴħȥ˫ᣬӦüˡ˴˵ѣģ
ϲЩȻ׿ؽƳ뿪˳ǣµšǡҲ·ЪŶѣǱ롣ǵ飬ùܣ
ǼöνȥԺû˴ֽסˣ˵ţ׿ּߣָǶ
˵ʱһ֮ɫ׿ܼңҪЪŰǿҲˣ
ЪĻҲȥ߶ţ̫ƽڿǱ˭
Ǿ·𣿡ЫεƲƲ죬̾˿
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ӲһЫŭȴǲˣ
׿ܼƽʱŮɫպò׿һ뿪ôôʶʱ񣿡ݺݵһۣݳ
ƲƲ죬Ыһйأ˫޵ܶ飬𣿡
ŵĹضǸǿ߿·ģշ£ֲûҲ𣿡ݳһӦ
Ыֻ̾ͷҲΪȻصͷ
˵ɧ׿г֪úȥδӡħںܶأʵͬΨһһޡ
˴ҩħһ飬ȫˣ
ԶԶؿ׿ЩӰƺ˼ʧЦһǻĲ֪ǿЦʧ䡣
Ǻܿ죬ݣ¶ȻЦ⣬ڽý͵ϲϤһ¾ͺˣ
˵ţǶһ߽˿ջûȥ׿һۡ
ˮ˲һ˴˶һۣЩסˣոϵľϲʹ
ܿ죬ȫ߽˿ջڣٴβɷ˷Ű۶ÿɷ
ǲµģ׿ҪܣҲֻˡ
ףĶǵӣ϶ûͬտİɷҿһֻۣǿ˵Ϊ̲סЦһĵ
ɫһͣˮ̾һλУϧﱻ°ˣֻʣЩӣ
϶˼°ߣڻ湻ϵİƲƲǣɷ˻࿴˿
˻ŽʬҲ˴ЦԳ
ˣŭЩħͷǾæģǳЦǵģ
粻أ
׿Ƴһۣˣ˵䣬˵һҲ°ˣ

һͣɷʱһƵ׿ħˣô첲ա㲻Ϊӣֵǳ˰ɡҪֵ֪㣬Ů·
׿ɫЩڵȴЩؿ׿
ӵùţƵİǼ˳϶þϹҾλãȫˣĵĺš
λתСүͷˣ
ʱһЦȴأȻ𣺡ħ˼ԴͣǰìܣȻŮ·ȻֵѡŮˣʲôԥģ
üͷһɷŭĸ۵ģҳЦǡ
ǵѭȥʱȴջһСһѬѬͷǻǹһ֮⡣
٣ϼһո˵ʲôһָͷĺӣɷŭ
Цһͷش˸ãЦѵ˵Ĳֵ㣬Ů·仰ȥֶϽŵеǣɶʱǲ·ұQģ
ۣ
Цһˮ˷׷Ц⼸ͷһξͷ˿ɰǸŮˡ
ɷȴһͣüͷ˵
ؿͷһۣ׿üͷ΢壬ʵǡ
ŶӳԺĴѲ飬ͷͷһˣǿɣץ˹ϼʣûڣ
ΪϴΰԼһѣˮ׿Ҳ磬ų⣬෴׽ڽ͡
ԣɷȴһЦվݺݵضͷһС˵־˽ǰɣˣ󣬱ַ֤Ŀڣ
Ц˲һݣ֪ħͷҪʹʲôֶΡ
ʱ׿ȴһƿݵһۣŹһȭȻǰСе
ԣ˲ǵʱһĪؿ׿ѵ˵ͷʶ
ͷҲǲһ㶣һؿСһʲô


612 
׿ʶתؿ׿ǵɫȻڡ
ҡҡԴ׿ȴЦһÿɷ񣺡һμǰδ
ôλ˹ķ񰡣üĿܰһЦ
һħ֮ˣҲæͷһ֮ɫ
׿ܼʲôʱϰˣӦһһϼһ϶Ȱͷʹһͨ
ЦҡҡԴ׿εʼ磬ɨΧһۣĿⶨϣĵ˵ӵȫ°ˣֻʣһǲǣ
ǰǸʱӻ൱֣ûգһ˶ûˣ·ƾʧһ㡣ѣֻͷһˮͷ
̾׿ʧЦҡҡԴָָͷзǵľ⣺ǿͷǺεΪ
Ϊƽúܣһͨͷ𣿡ؿһۣ˽ɻãҡҡͷ
аЦһ׿ָͷΪ̫ͣǲмһˣΪ̫ߣߵȻĵزأ
ʲôȻһ˽ŵؿߣһ
Ƕǿߣǻ֣ҲܿЩߡͷΪߵԴĳ̶ȣǵĸְ
׿㿴ˣˮ
ûУܹҡҡԴ׿ΪҲſ£
η۶˸ոսַˮǺݺݵһۣûϹ˵ʲôǰ׽Ű죬Ϊĵһλأ
ǺǺǡﲻͿǵλүӵˣ
Цһ׿ص죬ȻǸոҲ˵ϵȫ°ˣֻһ˶ѡһ֡ҪôλǸ©֮㣬˼Ҳм°֮Ҫôλز¶Ǹ°ߣκβǲףͰ˼廨
²һݣ˿ͷһۣЩ
ϼһ￴ƽò׿ԣǸְɣˣ
ϼһЦ⣬ɭ׵λ絶ǹһ㣬ˮǱӸеëëģһ󲻰
ʱ׿ȴٰһݣдʣʱһ˵ıӶˡ
ˣֻǹ·ģǲ졣ԩͷծʲôԹǧǾһԿţǰۣߣϰ£
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Ѿæģʵ̫ˣ
ħǱ˴˶һۣЦһЦ
ι׿ͽֱ˾ǣͼӴףǣ
ǣħСûһöİǣߣˮ䣬ǵҲһǣ
ԣħ˽ǲÿɷطЦƺȻϰˣȫ⵱£
׿ҲһмƲƲ죬ΪԸ£ǡ
͵ۿ˿ǵķȴһֱؿԼ׿æһŤͷ°̾һ

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̲ͫס΢΢һȫһ˼ؿͷ¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ѵı׿˵ˣһλ֣
ƺǲţлкɣǾƹ΢΢һӣһ㽫ϵȫ𿪣һϢ
ͫһ¼׿Ҳ̲סΪ˶İѿأѾ˷˼ĵزֻǰ𿪣¶һϢʼտΪ
ݰѿǽΪľ֮
ˣػҪǿö࣡
һʱ䣬׿Ҳ¶֮ɫ
˸߲ЦһҿĵƣأջôƿƶûУ
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Ҳ㿴ˣͷɲⰡǵ΢ĩУ˼һָͷġ
뵽оͻڵóӶˡԼֻǳõôոոûͷ
˼ҪղŵˣԼȫʬ
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ˮˣ澪֣𺧲ѡϾǰͷģǰ
ƺ˵Ŀ־壬ͷһۣЦôںˣ֪ͷҵ³ôǺǺǡ
ֻһЦŵ˶Ҫֻ̱׿ȻЦ⣬ÿɷ񣬹һȭĪҪŻЩСˣν֪߲ǰǵðĻ΢ĩʵκεһһɼǿ֪Ǽƽϡ黳ȣϷ˼֮ģ׿岻ѣ
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˵ţͷǶƲӣҡҡڰڵش˿ջţȥ
ڼ䣬е˶ܣ˿š
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ջĴű򿪣ϦƵɴ㻺ӵĿջ֮ڡͷһۣЦҡҡԴ̾ˣ߶߲ˡСӣรɡ޹أƫƫ޹ʱǣʵҲҲ
̾ţͷȻȥǲסֻһ̧ţ˹ȥ˿·˾һתʧ
˴˶һۣ˲뵹һ˭Ҳû뵽ǰľȻͨͣΪ黯֮ף
˰ɣղ׿ܼѣǾ͵һλ֣ˡǻл׿ܼҾ֮һǿЩ˴ȳ
һƬãȻ֮ɫ˴ص˵ͷ֮׿УǸм֮顣
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꣡
ûɷ룬׿ͻȻüͷƣָָ棬صǿˣ
һת׿ȥȴͷµһɲǣ˲ۼŨŨĻɫܿ㿴ԶľŨøīһ㡣
һ㶣ɷЩ֣żʲô˵ģ
ûʲô˵ģǼܰʶҲ뿪𣿡
䲻һԣæԼʶȥȴǵʱһһسȥ
ȻܹŹ֣ǵʶ͸һһ
۾΢΢һУ׿ɫĳ˵Ķԣ̫ˣǱˡ


613 ħͷľ
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ˮ΢΢˾ЩȥЩĶʼ˽ǰǰ˫·ϣСЪţȴһСƹڣһ췢꣬аȣһħˣ
ȻĹ¶ħָɵģ
˴˶һۣ׿ɷȻǰ²һ޶
Ǹɫ۾ϷҼҹӳԴȣŭλϳǵǲ塣ûٶ˵ʲôô뿪ˡΪˣû뵽ڶһ磬Ǿط֣ӵ˶˲ʧˡǲɴ󾪣ߴǸϽ·ǹ
ҲʧˣԲԣƤһ׿ˮüͷȻ
΢΢˵ͷˮһݣûҼҹӱಡ˷ġֺȻӰ˴󼱡ԣǱĴѰңǹûҵλֽʧÿ춼гѰĵʧȥӰûа취ֻò½磬Խ׳һֻаŸҳѰһ£
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ˮһ㶣ԣʲôèϷ󣿡
ǺǺǡһϷèץŪǰٰŪĥƹһеĿУ
΢΢һ̣׿˼Ȼܰȫ°ߣ°λϣΪλЩÿ°ôһĿǰֳʵȫ°ߣҲѰɡϷˣôսսÿڿ־֮СǣèϷӣУ
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׿΢̣̾һ֮ɫƺֻʲô̾ϷǰʱҲڵûǸˣ
ӢͬǰҲ棬˹Ժ󣬾ûǸʱ䣬ҲûˣɴЦһɷҲֽе˵ʵң뵱꣬ûµʱһЩ˳۵ģһϷͦ˼ģ
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üͷһ׿˰ԴǿҸʲôúûһµĿ£ô֪˵磬ôǰʲôӽ߰Ķȳ˵Ѿʬˡ
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ƺЩ˵Ҳģֻϧһദʱˡ
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ǰΪǰСһƨɣҵ׿Ҫʲôʺģǰʣµģ԰ɣ
ʧЦһ׿ת׿ɷɷæͷһûСһ죬ĺܴһ·˳˳ˮδۣҲضĸıЩ˵ˣѾûôͯȤˡǲ˵ǰʣµģڲˡϾ⹤򣬻һԼʵʵڣ
׿ȻͷȻСԲ죬±Ȼִţ©ӦÿԳΪһƵķ档
ؿЩħͷͷͷǵطһУˮȻȫˡ
ȻϣҲòϣЩħֵϷŪЩսħͷܵӦֵӦԡ
ǣ·֮ɶĺͷԣͷӬһ㶫ܣȴùԷˣ֮䡣
ǣ׵ǣɷЩħͷҲˡ׿ᣬôֱЩϼһﻹթĸоƺħǸϰ
ⲻ׿Уһصɴһɵͨͨ
·׿һ񺣵׵Ĵ󱦿⣬̲סҪȥ̽
ˣһ鶼ˣ
׿ɨۿˣƿҪ˸Ʒˡ˽ȫ˴ߣҲΪӪֹ¼ŵķΧǡﵽĿġֵʱ߽һСѾͷҲܲסֿ־壬ҵȫӲΪַǶŪˣܳдҡ
ŷأ֪׿˾죬
Цһ׿ÿɷЦûĻλ֣ûẒֻ̌۾ǳõİ׳գ
ǽ㣬ңǲһ񣬵תȣҲݸһЦĺ󱳣ٴΰο
ţҲֵؿЩˣ׿ˣҲ֣ǾôˣΪα
һҵĳͷҲҵȤ
ǲһ֣׿¶ɭ׵ݣ˼ȫ˶ӣٿЩӲˣ̲ס
ħ˶һûһģʲôèϷ󣬿Ǹӿµĺġ


614 °
ؿ׿¶ݸЦݣЦҡҡԴƵһ˽⣿ҵôˣԼ˺¹㶾֣
ף׿Ѿͷĺ˽㰡òţҲû¹֣ѹǺǺǣԭǺ֪
üͷһɷؿ˳һۣת׿׿¶Цݡ
ɫ΢΢Щ׿ݺݵɷһۣˣɫͻȻµν׳нԷȻèϷٴֻǱǣűߡ֮ƣʲôҲܣ̣
ǹӺͳô죬ǲܶǣûҵ֮ǰǲߣˮһ
мƲƲ죬ɷһĵؿǣͬɵһ㣺ǼţֻܱŪڹ֮䣬ˣתһ뿪һģͻ׷Ļ߳ΪȨ͵ףڵ˶ǳԸɷİ
ղ΢΢һ죬ˮ˱ѵ⣬׷ײĵԴϸ룬ֺص˵ͷ
˵ûڶԸħֵֶϣЩħͷо顣ѵõǿϳǵİɡ
Ǻˮæһȭ֣صǾȫƾλԸ
ǺãǾ͡
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Ȼ׿ڣҪʱһŵĸʴ֮ȴش⴫ţ˿˿ɵ͸ŴƮ˽
·Ƕħצа֮
ͫɵúݺһ˲ȫʧɫһһؾؿ棬
ôᡭⲼ˽磬ͻȻӵˮһ˼ӣת׿׿֮⡣
ʱ˿̣֪ģǰӣΨһ֮ˣȻǲϤ
۾΢΢һУ׿ǰǵĵӱ°ߣǲҲϣ
ǰͷˮʵ
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ǡΪڽ֣ûʱˣǡ³׿ϸϸ˼ʵˣûеӱ°ߵ
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ݳҲ쳣żպ¶ǿధʦҪȽ˶ɣȴ¹˵𣿡
ɷһҲǼ׿æͷ
ΣѹͷͱǵѵˣסǵҪ
ǣ׿ȴһЦÿɷ񣺡ǺǺǡⶾһԾŶ˵Ŀĵٽ⣬Ͳǰ⿪ǱŨˣҲһǾϻ

һ˶޳ˣӲӣ˵ˣ·ѣܵùѸӵŨأ
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£ƽµİ
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׿ڲѵǵʱŨﲻ֪ʲô׷ǿɾ鷳ˡҿɲħڣֻһȥμ˫ᣡ
ЩŨһƽ˿ǣɷ˲󼱣˻ߵ
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۾΢΢һУ׿ǵĹâֻŪһ㣬ǲ취
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ⲻ˸ӾЩѸٳ¥ϱƽŨĵһ󷢺
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615 ɷ
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Ҫٿһ˵۾΢΢һУ׿ųǵ֣ٴ¥ȥЦ⣬ƺȫ˽ŵķΧֻǰˣԶǣȥ
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Ƥ̲סݺһ飬ɷ˵ɫ˲ȥԣôԼϣ
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Ŷǵǣֻܱ˽ö࣬һȵңһǲ·ˣҲֻеķݶȥŨҲֻȥҵں쿴ưü׿аЦһȻ
˴˶һۣ˳εص˵ͷ
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ˣǰñȣȥɣͻȻһˮվ˳޷˵ֿ׿ֿ󣺡Ȿµ¶ˣлȡֻϣһȥܹ֮ЩǵĵСŮӾ͸мˣ
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ؿһۣǳƳʦ㣬Ҫȥɣ
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ʦ⣬ʦ죬Ϊ˴ڵӣΣѹͷʦӦͦˮ˰ԴӢü
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̲סһ飬ɷʮͷ񱼣д֣Ƕ׿˵ȴԱ粵
ת׿ɷ͹ɷˣҲ̧̧Ƥȥ
С˵ĺеȥɣ
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һɷһ̤ţȻȥ
˼ˣһݣ̾ЩħȻ࣬ؼʱĳȥӢۺú֣
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һϣҲòЩд֣
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ֻһɷӱŨǰͫһһƻȥ
һǿʱϣȴδɢһһ
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Ҳ˵ǿȷе˶ûֻǲܶˡ֮γŨǾȳɷҲ΢΢ͷ˳׿˼·
ԣ˲һϲ֪Ũûвһʱ²ͬʱǳ棬֪γŨźá
ȲȵȲᣬؼܲܳΧ˵أ
üͷ׿Ҳã֮ɫⶫʲôΡ


616 
ǹŨڲӣһЩˣʱһͣܶˣһ仰Ҳ˵ȻԹԵرŨû
ⲻĻ̻̣ѣһߣȴûеطˡ
ֻ׿ɽüͷϸϸ쿴ϣһȴҲһʱ˼⣡
֨֨֨
һӰĪͣ˶ոջ֣󺰴еǣʱ˿ȴشסˣ֮пնһƬһȻرŨɡ
أأ׿׽ϵ飬ƺ뵽ʲô۾һ૳ԭ㱻СӸŪˣߺߺߡԭˣ
ô뵽취𣿡׿һ·𿴴һеݣŶſ񣬳ǲЦһؿ
ҲǼǼ֮ɫɷֹסʵ׿Ѿʲô𣿡
ûǶıƭˣʵҲûжʲô˵ⶫڣͫһ׿
üͷһ˶ǲԵؿ⡣
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ǵ֮ǰǶСӵôǺǺǡСӹȻԺܴŪŨŻǣ޴룬ڿ־бɡʵһڲӵĽѣǻ硣һǽ֣ϱ֮У԰Σɣ
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ֻ׿۾УŨ˼һط⣬ĳҲ̫ԷҲôǿ߼֮޻飬ʽض߼ϣַҲܸҪ˲ûУȴûôף
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СӣΪߣʶǲͣ汻һһ³ˣ
Ȼ׿䣬˾ʱһаĴЦȴǶȻ˲󾪣׷ɫصؿȴʲôҲ
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣬼һ˵ôӵˣϢأԭûþյԼߵģ
ߺߺߡСӣܲ㻹ʷһƱϷߵˡֻ㿴Σѵʥʯ߼ʽ㻹а취ƽûеĻеð
˵ĳЦٴһ׷׿׿λãž׳һϣϧ׿ȴֻЦŲ
Ϊ׿ųˣһʧ⡣ֻгǣϴʼնЦݣûһ˿Ǻ;ɫ
ףô㲻𣿡ųǵȻ֮ɫ׿һüЦ
ҡҡͷݸһЦɫȻؿ׿ڣҴӲ£
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ˮ˿һĻҲйĪζͷţŮ֮¶ϸ䲻ħôܵϣŮ֮ӰȴҲǲġ
һŮƽﵢҲûʲôأؿŮٯٯ֮⣬ʱбһ˵ĵƺҲЩһ㡣
ղ˺죬죬ǲ֮⡣
ǽɣĽ࣬ΪȴΨħͷ˹ϸȴзѽúܡ
Ҫ֪λʦҲ˻ģ
һʱ䣬磬ʼΪδ;
٣Ŀ죡أСӣſ֣ŮͿˣʳǲǣ
ͻȻһŭŨ͵طгŨŨԹޡ
Ȼһ²ѣ̲סĸޡֻƫƫڵǰǵʹһ
磬Ȼжԣˣͦ㣡
üͷһ׿ȴǲÿɷһЦƺǹҪŭһ㣬ǣŵЦӾˣôְǷֿ
ǷֿΣСһѣ
Ũ֮УȻһļЦţŨŵٶȾǶȻӿ죬ܶ˻ûӦһȫûʶ˲䱻ɣʧӰ١
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ˣ󾪣ҪܣȴΧŨ֪ӵĶȥ
Ǻֻ֮䣬˱㶼ѱŨɣֻʣ׿ͳǶˡ
ŨƽҲֹסˣɫأֱ޿ʱŨҲ
أͫһʶʼ׿ɴ󼱣ǣǡ
ǣû䣬ԼҲͫһסˣԲһ
ʱŨļЦɵСӣ㵹ĺܣʲôˡϧʵֻ̫նؾѣӵԸúһϷҲ̫ˣ
ž
һ죬׿ųǵƣ֪ʲô͵ضϿűһĴЦԶȥ
ǣûǣ뿪һɲǣ׿УɫĻȼա

һ߲ϼľطԺ֮УΧŨŨΧסȴôҲҽЩϼͬһְ㣬λ棬˭˺ˡ
ͻȻ˫ͫһɣŭ
ʱ䣬ȼ𣬽ŻһƬ𺣣ʱ㽫ԺеŨȫȼմ
Ũе׿Ҳ͵˫ۣͷϵ׺һȼȻȫѡ
ǺǺǡСӹȻĺأԴúܣ֪ʲôô
ḧ˸ף׿аЦһ׻壬ʲôֶΣ빥Ԫûôס͸˳ϣҵСӵϳˣ
˵ţ׿̧ҪߣȴͻΧŨһƬԪҲʹЦЦˣӻСӵأ᲼ӾͲʥʯӾûһ棬ӿڣ
һļЦ£׿ͻȻ˫˦â˸ܿһʽ㽫λ档
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䣡
һ춶÷׿Ϊģһҫ۵ĹâأȻҫŻΪһ͵ɢȥ
ЩǰһŨʱѩ㣬˲ɢӰգۼ䣬ٴλָǰ
ûˣһж糣ˡ


617 ħ
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һʪɽڣһ˺ѷεļУ쳹ɽۡˮһ±°ˣ˫ǰȥȴֹסͫһر
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һϤŮӣаĥʹధ
ʦã
ˮһɶʱѣҧгݵſʦã
˵ţҪȥӪȣǸһȴǶپȫһǱȫΪһܶ
аؿһۣǺ췢겻ÿɷ񣬹ЦСѾͷھ͵Ȳôģֵܻģ
޳֮ͽн죬ˮԼʦʹɫ̲סۿзʪ
ʱǺ͵ҲתǰҲ̲סºȻüͷ
ħڵȴһɴ۾˼ŮӶŭһ⣬ЩǣȫһĦѧϰӣýζ
ɷ̲ס˸ڣ٣ͬˣǸǲ죬ֻ·ҪڣԸЩǾͺˣǰɣ
ǣٺٺ١ǰҿǼһֱǳıţװ죬˭ŰǺ췢꿴ɷЦ
ɷһΣ̾˿ǵĶӳŮǾɽʱյһ𣬰һ¶ѣûٽ飡
ӹǰȻҵɽǾӵӴˣٺٺ١΢΢һ֣Ǻ췢Ѫȵ촽ȻͫһһǹشһһȻ˲ûϢ
ңۿɼٶȣѸٸɱգ۵Ĺ򣬱ȻΪһ߸ʬ

üͷ΢΢һɷ૳ŷĵسһȻСϰ֮ĻЩүǾͰȫˣǺǺǡ
ݣ
ȻĻû£Ǻ췢һ֣ԶһأȻ˹Ȼ˺Ĺâ֣һɹԪԪ㱻أȻڡ
ӣҲػΪһ߸ʬ˲ûϢ

أɷʱһͣƤ̲סݺݳ˳飬ҲɵǺ췢꣬޳ˣ磬Ůǲ׼ŶвУŮͨԵģһ·
ûҾŮͨԣֲһӾͰ⻯ֵԪˣغܲɣ
һЦ췢ſؿˡ
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аЦţǺ췢Ǽɴǰȥ˫ȡ
ǣ֨һȴǶʱһͣһĪؿѾͷŮôôôӲ
췢һҧгݵжһ߲طɧ㡭ô£
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һ췢ŭڳˣǸ쵰ʦĶѽҩ
Ҳûãֲ̾ǲɳ̾磬кãſǣжһ°ɣȻһֱŲữʯͷȥģ
ûģǺ췢ֻüͷ壬ϸϸ˼ŻȻ򣺡ԭСӣΪûǸ߶٣еĶѾˣʦ
ԣַʧЦһյ˸ʵɣȥ
Ȼ˵ͷ췢ظǷģСӱˣȹҴ˽ҩԻǡʱ
һаؿ¶Ͱһۣ췢ӼЦһ뿪ˡ
˽ŭصͬʱҲһҺǷ⽩ʬȻǵھͲˣ
Ķ˫ħ⣬ÿһħŮӣںڵģ
ţǺ췢˷ߺ޵ĿУˮӣĵŮӵӣǼϵĻۣаЦŽŮЩʬһ
ס֣޳ܿͽǣǱӣʲô³屾ȻһȻĴ
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쵰Ҽҹʲôһˮ췢
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Цҡҡͷ췢겻мƲƲ죺֪ٺٺ١ʿԼֻ˵СƽʱĶţͲˣֱħͷ硣ǿ֪λƽɵĹӣҲʳһλʦõľԪ
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̲ͫסһˮһŵؿ֮ɫ
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סڣħСǱջܷ֮ȻһϵĴȻ
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Աߣ̱ͬλߣλظ֣һλظ֡˶˫ĿӰ죬ľ
Ƴ֮ףȻ۾ɴŭѵ⡣
Цһ췢һĵؿͷӣǼүǣҶջˣôǲУƫƫˣбħ籬ֵ˭ֻǴӽԺħҲøĳħ˰ɣ
ʢľеͣ;пԭħͷԻڣһƳϴڡ
νʼ磬췢겻ÿɷаЦ£۵ѳɣԺǾЦߣȻѧħ֮ɵԼʦõľԪЦ
΢΢˶λŭɫȴصԴһί֮ɫ
ˮλܵܣһϧ̾ҡҡԴ


618 
ˣϼһϻˡνһֵǧӻҪأ
˦˦䣬췢һЦٴνаĿɨŮţһˣѡ˭أǺǺǡ
Ůȫһŭݵȴо㷲
ҪǱϵĻ˵ˣһ׶ûˡ
ȻǺ췢Ŀⶨ˳Ǿ֮ϣЩ̾᳾֮Ůӣħǵһμǲð̲סҪƷһҪҵˣ
Ƴһۣû˵
ô㲻𣬹ȻŮӣüͷһħЩֵص
Цҡҡͷǲÿɷ񣺡Ȼ£֪ҵģ
˭ǸСһնؾߣأܵ˾ȵ㣿İɣаЦһħÿɷ
ǳȻЦҡҡԴ貵Ĺâ㲻˽˵Ļһģ
νһЦǣЦ뵽׿ʱ¶ַĵЦݣڳ˲ɵô˴
ֻˣŮˣסˡ˾գֻУǷɲգ
Ҳǲɵ㶣ֹǿе˭
ͷԼ촽ħ̲ס㱣૳ˣ̫ˣ̲סҪõ㡣ģҲЩɫһɸʬһԶҵߣΪҵŮˣ
סڣʦòµġ
ž
ħȻʼǶ֣һȴǱħһǶʱȷ˳ȥ
һ䵽ϣһ˿졣
ӣŮˣһæȳ
ħȴؿһۣЦߣСӣ㳢һЩ֣֮波ˣҸŮˣ㣬ŮӶ㳢ζΨСΪ㣬䣡
ݺݵҧڵϣһݺݵؿħѡ
мƲƲ죬ħ˿Ϊ⣬תٴοаЦˣģҲǿϡ¹һҪҸˮ֮ˣ
˵ţħָһʱһС磬һͳĻ潻תã
ˮֻһ̲סһͣҲ紺ˮһҪˡ
Ƴһɸæ۾ȵϽ񣬲ҪǻǴ½еħ棬ͺϻȡؽ֮۶ɡƿ֮ں֮ǱƣħСģ
ԣ˲һݣæ˫Ŀ
ˣǵĶͷ̲סðȺһʹ̣Ӳֹ
аЦſ˿ǣħһԵõؿǣȻˣ˰ɣôԶѿǰľ׶ҡ²̣֮ҪŮŮˣʱԲ֮ʱˣ
ôҪʧˣ
Цһǲÿɷ񣬾ûһ״
ħˣ֣Ȼ棬ϸϸ쿴֮£󾪣㡭㡭ǿʣ
бƳһۣû˵ֻЦ
˵ʣ½ʮ궼ѵһԽתΪ̬֮ųⷴӦõ˫¯ңյĺ似ʱҲԵܿɣΪһĶѣ
²󾪣ħؿǣƬ̣ȴͻȻϲüңЦ׬ˣ׬ˡ벻ӳһ󣬾Ȼôһ˵еĿʡһ£Ӿ͸Ҫ˫ˣһӵ˫޵¡ͺϻҲڶʱɣһս
˵ţħһȥҪǿ
Ǽˣɴ󾪣޳Сˣոջ˵ǿϣ
ߣһʱһʱոõģֻõˣаЦһħ΢΢һ֣¶аЦݡ
˼ˣɴʧɫҪæȴκӲֻܶһŭؿţѡ
ҲЩżˣ°һ׿ǧģô
ݣ
ȻһķħҪɥĲȥʱһɫĳâȻĸһ㣬һ㽫ħӸ˳ȥ
̲ͫסһħ˻ӣоؿһʹ䲻̫أҲˣһŵؿǵǿԪȻ˼ҵꣿǾԪǿѾҷʵ
ǸոĲҡǧֺˣǨŭһŮӰ
Ȼʱδ˵һȻЦħ
²󾪣ħæתȥȴ׿֪ʱȻɽ֮⣬Ȼվš۵͸һЦа죬һһŨŨĺ̲
׿
׿ܼң
׿ֵܣ
ˣ
˼Ӱ׷ϲ⣬гˮһڵӣҲǾϲϣĹâ
ǣڳˣ
ֻλϺã֮ɫ˾˭ô˿һ
ţٿǷֻ׿Ũ⣬ǰǴδֹġ
һʱ·ʲôݲݺݵҧ
ԭǸˣ
ָ΢΢һǸâһѪӤʱƮƮط˳˲׿ߣڡ
ǺǺǡҺǰѪӤڣְΪų˳ҵôǰǶòɡЦһ׿ħаЦ
۾΢΢һУħԭǰһУΪ˼ŭңҰֿȻǰħڣûҵطˣϾҰһأضΪûзˣ
ǺǺǡûͲµԲȣϲ֡Բյһԧ죬Ϸ룡Ϊ֪УɱȤȤڡһ˲ŪҪֱɱˣȤöˣ𣿡
ӢͬħߣȻͬ˰
Цһħ۾һУô͸ȷһᷢŭ
ɵη˷۶׿ЦɵϹӣҲǵֵ˭ŭƵʱֻ㣬˶ŭ˰ɡңҲ˵һʼΪϷǲŽԹġһԼСħͷȻԲôˣ
ԣǲһ죬һۣԴȴ⡣
ħضҧгݣ˵ͷЦǺǺǣܺãǼϷϣ·ˣһ㣬ҲòһһɻôǸʽģ
һ߼ûʲô˲ʥʯҲûʲô˵ģ˭ûһ
üͷ׿йâһóһŨʯͷףŸģʽЦʮĶʥʯôߺߡ²ֻһʽʲôѵģ
žžž
ˤϵȱȽǣ˿׿һ龧Ө͸ʥʯյЦӣȫˡ
ħˣ𾪷ǳ
׿ʵ֪ģôҲû뵽Ȼʵ̶ֳȣϡеʥʯа
ǼȻˣǻϸŲμ˫ⲻֳɵǿ𡭡


619 ħͷVSСħͷ
ؿ׿һۣħƤ΢ãаЦǺǺǡƯ벻У˼ܵħ֣߳ȷѵáƵϷһһƽⲻ˵ͨߵ󷨣ʵҸ߿һۡţҲ
΢΢죬¶һ֮ɫħЦһСӾĻǸҲаһ裬ͿʱǾʵ࣬ûмΪܹǸʽһ֮׷ʲôħе죬Ըһ㻯ֻеãĿûʲô˵ġˣһߣ
һ˲ȫһһǵؿ׿λҪٱ׽ˣǾȫˣֻƾС¾ȥʬ˶ûС
λҲϸ׿һۺεҡҡԴ̾һ
̫ˣһնصߣס˵һаʽһͷֻˣ
ĳ֣ܸǴһϣ
ǣֻħڵˣȴһɢЦݡ׿ʵǹӱж˵ģ
ڣԼ֪λ׿ܼҵʵжǿΪڵĿ»ɱʱҲδóȫ
׿ʵɲ⣬Ƕǳġ
⣬׿мᶨĵģһˣǳˡȻ֪׿ı仯ʵΡ
ֻף˴δܹ˵
ˣСǰûӵ®ɽĿҲ֪ӵʵѹֻöܹ֪֮
أһͷħ뵽ʲô㣬ͻȻشЦһаؿ׿ǻЦݣȻˣǱӾ㿴ʲô֮Ĳɣ
˵ţźһ췢ħȫ͵ɢɽܲɢ
ǹ˵ƣʱڳ˲ϢһͣڵĹ϶⣬²Ȼ
ظ֣
˴˶һۣɷλϣɫͬʱ
ɷû뵽СᣬȻѾ˸ߵΪ֮ˡλа̾ӹȻ볣˲ͬͬصƣҲһǿöࡣ
٣ͬΪصƳϣʾö֮صҲδСʮ֮С
ʵɲ⣬
ͬʱһħıҲͻȻһһ棬Ϊ˴βҧϣתͣתɢϢ
Χֻ΢һдȫȵĸо
̧׵ɨһۣ׿âһһȴǲܴӰ죬૳ԭħ棬ͺϻҧβ˫ߣѹֻˣ
ôȻӰ죿ƤһħһؿȻԵõ׿üͷ²һ
ȻҲ֪ΪĻһնʱڣ׿ֵԽȻԽǳظУ̲ס
飬ĪһЦôˡ
ͷ·һֻοʨӣһμ۾ߣԼΣȻ塣ȴһֱʾ治ǡ
ΪĶҺ˲Ҫ
ʱ˿̣ħһã״ֹ̬סز
ܣһߣôܻвӵǻ֮ߺߣ
˿ħԼƽ׿ŭСӣ֪֮Ĳ˰ɣ׷˰ɣ
ս֮ǰʵȫ¶ԷǵΪȻԲ̫˰ΪħǰбҪ̵һħ󱲣ôһħߣϹž޲׿Цһÿɷ
̲ͫסһħ´ŭ̵ģռұˣѾǺأ
䣬ħ͵һ֣һӿأȻ׿ͳȥһǻֱֱ꣬ҵš
Ƴϼˣͫһ̺̾˵߸סСӣôڣ군ˣ
һˮŮ󾪣æ̧׿ȥŨŨɫɷȴЦ˿ġ

һ죬ǵʱһ飬ɢʧ١ֻ¶׿ӵƣаЦݡ
ôܣ
̲ͫסһħɴʧɫƳҲ̲סг۲ŵؿ׿Ӱ˲סˡ
ˮŮһϺȻϲ⣬˼ؿһߣȻһо͵˻ֱֵ漣
ˣǺηʥ
ǰһֱ׿ĵʱҲǴһüĿ֮ŵ飡
ǺǺǡУħɡ˵̫ˣ˵𣿡а컡ȣ׿ƳħһۣЦ
ħȴüͷ΢΢һһ󣬲ݺҧҧݣЦǵ±һ깥ʲô
ৣ
Ȼû˵꣬׿ӰȴأȻǰûһף֮ͫһɫĹ⻷
ôܣôƤ̲סһħ²󺧣Ϊû׿۽ǰһۼûУһ˼
Ǵʱ˿̣Ҳ˼ȥΪһƿ죬ھ޴ѹ֮£׿һȭǺݺݵسԴ˹

æ̧һһ졣ħͫһظеֱһʹʹ顣ǹɴڲɵֵų
ûа취ֱֻֻͬʱסȴɱˮнѵǴϮºȻһС
ԭСӵǿֱǹ
һʱԷЧӦ£æϹâʢף
¡һ죬׿һ˦ۣħ˦˳ȥʱײɽǽϡ
أã㽫ǽײһ׶ߵĴ󶴣ֱֱͨһɽʪĶߣеһů
ڳˣȴȻȫˣ
һУֻһУͽǲһĻظָ˳ȥδǰˣı̬ڵӶȲ
ƳˣҲȻȫˣ׿Ŀ⣬Щ硣ѵħ˫սĵôıȳϹҲ̫Ƥˣ
˭ùǸɴֱͶˣ
֮󣬻ԼڣȻ̫˰
ν˦˦Լұۣ׿ÿɷһЦûǾ񣬿ɷǵɷСӸǰһ˳˳ˮˣûܹʲôۣӵܲ࣬۵úܣ
ôħͷҪúøСħͷһˣ֪ʲôдۣаһЦɷֽУһԵã·һлħһ

ħڵӣҲǹЦһֻӡ
ڴʱһ죬ӿĻ͵رѿǷʱΪһƬҽħվʲô󰭣һףȹâһ˫ݺݵض׿ķûǰЦӣֻһƬĮ
üͷ΢΢һ׿Цһͷ
СҪ汾ˣֵڴ


620 
ಣ
û˵ʲôħһ̤˲ʧӰٴγʱȻ׿ǰͨ׵һȭݺݵسŴȥ
һȭƴͣǻδȻ׿ȫĸоɼͺϻǷ
ͫһ׿ҵæ̧һ
һ죬ǻȭǺݺݵײ棬׿ɵֱһ˳ʮ⣬ſͣ˽Ų
ǣһħֱϾһտɫ棬Ȼǰǳϡ
أΪһ壬˱ǰǿʮ
¡һ죬׿ûӦ㱻һұ˲˳ȥȼſ񱩵棬أȻײɽϣʱ㽫ɽײһ֮ߵĴᴩɽ
Ʈ룬ǰħײһ޶
ؿȻΪһƬ𺣵ķ棬ħɫ£䣬ո˵˭̫ˣ
̲ͫסһ˼ˣһħ·Ļ˸Ƶģٲǰ٬ԣȵúܣһ˫ͬҹĶߣŻѰ㣬һɱ
⣬ħڵһţħʵ
üͷ̲סһƳϲɰ̾һɫҲȫЩ֮ɫո֮ģûʵϡСǳˣµߣһսġոЩر𣬶ȻҰԣȫԸޣҲ޼ˡǡˣ
ԣˮŮһ˿氧˵ƳһۣҲǺĽǣǻһϣؿǻ֮ϣܰǴħ߾ȳȥ
ȻƳϵĻ˵ϣãˣ
Ҳǻ֮˱죬ĳȻ˶ǴħͷǸ׿һ㣬ϣܴӮ
ͷЦ˭أǡ
̾ͻȻħǿǶ׿ȴǽ㡣
һվа취ܻǿȻǸĶֺ֣γأ
ֻħˣһУȻҲ³˳ȴδʧȥġΪ֪׿ʵס
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һ죬׿𺣵ķ˦˦ЩұۣЦͺϻڣȻбúܣȻ۶㵲ס
Цһ׿̧׿ʱ쳣Įħ²ɵðͷ
ħȻʢͯԣľСɡȻ˲ͽ˾ս״̬ḡ֮ģʵѵãڵĵӡ
ȻˣǾбҪһˣ˵ˣԼֵͼ﷭Ǿ̫ˡ
ңСӱë˵Ҫǿ̫࣬ȷֵԼ֣ضԴ
뵽׿۾Ҳ΢΢У£ϵʶʱ
ħˣȻɫɹžȴǴ֪ԼˡԷΪȻֻնؾǸĸоȴЩڵŵһ޶ΣϢй֮
һʱ䣬ħִǱ֣Ǵʮ־񣬽׿ţ
ڿʼҰ㵱ӵƽֿУ۾΢΢һ£ħ˿ƽ
ৣ
Ȼʱһ˸׿Ӱٴκ۽ǰۻΪצŲһƣ͵ǰץ
ħɷڶʽצ

һ쳹ϣħϵǼףδһצֹסز˻棬Ԥ
̲ͫסһħʧɫѵСѪ֮һ似ȻİƷħסħ׶˲
ʵţСûκħ
ﲻţѡŵһֱһ򣬾һС˱̬˰ƷħǿȣһУˣ
Ǻ˵ħæһ̤Զ׿ǰͬʱһһݺݵ˦˳ȥںһޱ͵ײһצ֮ϡ
䣡
һ췢׿Ӱʱû֮Сħ΢΢𣬸ҪЦȴǺһצȻǻдֱܳλãʧɫҵæйâһֻŻĶꪱǰ

쳹ÿһ˶ߣħꪺһǿסɷ֮Ĺצüͷ̲סض˶ǰȥȴɢȥ֮׿аЦݳǰݺҧҧһ
ţħٴνһ̤˰׿⣬׿룬Ȼ˫ӣ׸߼似˫ն
ˣ
һĿռ䲨һһâ˲֮дܳΪͺϻ˺ҧ׿ȥ
ͬΪˣʹ似ȼͬҲྶͥħĻ֣似ʹҲ
һУȻش䲻似ǿȡ
һϣӵ׿¹˭
ߣҲ䣿Цһ׿ͻȻͫһȫţһӰ֣͵س˹ȥħɷһʽħ죡

һ춯أ׿Ӱʱײһ𣬽һıը졣
׿ó˳ħȥ
üͷ̲סһħ´󺧣û뵽׿ȻĽ˲һë
ûа취׿֮£Ҳûʱӡ׼Уֻ˫ꪣһ𣬺첻ϡ
ʱ䣬ɽֻһһâͻҳ壬ײ죬ȴ˭Ҳκβ˭
ħ˫֮׿ȴǿ޵Сһʱ䣬˾һ似Ƶò֣
ǴûȣΧ۵˿Ȼȫɵˡ
ôܣСӾȻܸѾħսò£ƺռϷ磬ѹˡ⡭ֱţ
ƳϵĺӲ΢΢һ£۾ɵϴ󣬲˼ؿϷǾս˺Ȼ֮
λϣҲ𺳲ѣͷ
ˮŮϣ˷͡
ֻħˣ⾪ǳӣмƲƲ죬һĵС֣û棬ʲô˵ģ
˵ʲôüͷһƳŭĿǡ
ɷȻЦЦ߰Դ׿װƵҼӵ׿һǫѷ͵ʲôֵһᡣӦ˵ʲôħȻܽҼ׿ôУѵˡڻûҲӲ
̲ס˶ƳϿЩħСһ߳ߣ˵̫磬СӾеͣϾվߡ˵֪ʲô깥ûơʱ䳤ˣذɣ
ԣˮбƳһۣ
Ƴϣ׿ΪսأˣҲ군ˣˮѡ

һͣƳϵ΢΢һ죬Դ˵ˡ
ƽħڵ˶˳ۣʲô¶ϲ̧ܡҳ˰һϵƣȴǲ̧ˡ
Ͼٴѹħڣ͵ԼôǶСӴϣʤɣǽҲð

ȻʱһĶ쳹ڶ˶ϣпһĻˣ̲סͫݺ˼ľ


621 

һ죬Ƭɢ׷ɣħüͷ͵һ𣬳״סˡ˫ϣһֻһѶꪣһֻȴֻһض̱ѻΪƬƮ䵽˵ϡ
ǰ׿ǷųâצаЦݣɢ޾ĳ
꣬Ѫ֮ȻߵħˣѾֱʲôİ
µˣҲǱǰһĻ׾ˣ׿ǿѾ׵߸Ƕǿʶߣ龳ϵĸ֣ҲǿħɣСӡ
һʱ䣬ֻоȴһƬհף
ҵľƷħ˫ꪡţħһƬ֮ɫʱƿ죬һļȻѹ
̧ȥȴ׿ǿһצͣųʱ㽫һæһֻһ˦׿ǿµһצһ
һ
Ȼ󣬽֮ⷴħ󳷣Ѳ˲亹졣
ѹǰһצץԼħ׻ᷢľʾԭСӱֱ̬Ҳ̬ͬúܡ
ƷħѪ֮һצץˡ壬˽ղһצҪץħϣַӽħץã
һˣħ±
ʱ˿̣׿ƣѹô·磬Ψһʤ㣬ǷųУܹǿֱอԪ
ڶ˽֮£׿粽룬ȴǺʱӡʹС
һҪСӣֻһ취
оâһħʧЦһ벻ħڵħȻҲʹֶεʱ򣬿ϧû취˭ö̫̬أ
²̾ħȻͫһ̤׿ת˲·ȥһֱ壬ĿȴǴʱȻһܶĳɡ
ɴһ˼ˣ׷һĵؿǷˮǼгǡ
ܶҲܶȴûʲôá
վȴǲţ¶ȻЦݣûпħǳԶƴԮ׿
ͫһأλλ
ͫһɫ⻷׿৵һӰٴγʱȻ˳ǰ

һ죬׿̧һǽħһһ˫񣬺ݺݵضǰԽԽݡ
ȻˣŮ˰ɣʱڿջ߳ɣ¶аЦݣħ·𿴴һУЦ
ض׿ÿɷˣֻӾãǶ˵ĶսòҪе˲ΪáңǵġǰһһӵĶ飿
𣿡
üͷһħһЦջضꪣһɨ৵һ£һâʱɳűһҺڵһе˲һâ·ֱΪҽ
аؿ׿ħƵ⡭ôˣ
ɫž׿һĮؿһԡ
;Σ˵࣡㵱ûŮ˿صúܡĻոҪǿʱӰڼ䣬ħû͵ϮӱɡΪҪǰأٺٺ١˵˻㾡ˣְղʱ㣡
һЦħ·Ϥ࣬Զ׿
׿ɾؿɫƽÿɷֻгǿ׿Ȼ֮ɫǻһ˿ĵ׵⡣
ಣ
һꪻħûȥ׿תĳǡͫһ׿æһ˦֣
龰ħӿ϶ԼжϣЦȻˣŮߣô䶨ˡΪѾħɣġȻҲϲŮˣΪӵ׸
ಣ
ʮ̣빥ǣ׿֧ǰʱȴᱻһ˵ط
˵ܿҲ˲ʮ˿ڣǼˣһȰعԼһǼᶨ񣬿Ҫ˵ڵĻ˻ȥ
Ϊ֪׿£˭ȰҲûã
ħаЦӶŶꪣ֮õòֺʵӣʱƹǣʵǴ׿ڡ
ڶ˽ս׿ʱ·硣
ˮŮӯһĶڻˣǴħͷǵǺǻ룬໤ˣ˫޵ѣм˿һ㣿
Ǹ׿ΪԸĵʱ׿Ҳ˱仯
ɷ˿ȴһ󼱣аʲô֮ȽСӣǾȳΪذ
׿ƺҲôȥЩף̫ˣüͷ΢壬תתͻȻұۺâһǰһ˦
أһǿѹϮħҵæһ˹ȥôʱ׿һϳģ́ԶȥҪһȫĵط˵
龰ħ֪ܲΪΣæ׷ϣս
һʱ䣬ꪹȭӰӳսһšħж̣߷ִ̳ǣִ׿ʵϣʤ
׿һ۵ǰȴǾ£ɫᡣڶ
·ţȴȻ쳣ǿ׿ʱбһˣȫԷսƽֺ֣ʵɲⰡ
ڵλϣҲɵðͷرڶ˼ҽսУһԲܶĳǾȻһ֣̾ʵ֮ߣࡣ
Լˣܱˣ
ǣħˣȴǷζҪըˣ
׿ҸƿܷȫһԺŰ˰ɡû뵽ѾľȻɸս¡
ⲻԵĶ飿
˵ħ˲ںһ˵ǹƽϴ򲻹˼ңѾݶˣ֮Σ¾Ȼ򲻹˼ңħ֮˵ֱǰӵ˷һζ޷ܡ
̸ܣŴˣԸģȶԸС˵
̬ʵ̫ˣ
²һħͻȻһˣٹˡ׿Ҳһɣûȥ׷ͬ󳷣˾룬ȽǷŵһȫؽȥ
ʱһٴϮ׿һڳǰһйצʱ¡һ㽫ǻɢ
Ȼǻӳ֮УħǻƮ˶ǰϿλãһһҧβڲתĻڻת
ͬʱɽҲıһһ죬ȵϢÿһ䡣
ǡꣿ
̲ͫסһɷ˺λʧɫ
ǰһֱΪħõͺϻ۵ӦǻԪ꣬ͼҧβߣӦ޻Ŷԣ
û뵽⾹Ȼ֮ѶԸ꣬͸ϵĿһֻҪ֮Уס
ʱأҪ֮е˵ǵʵԶӳ
أ˵ɫ׿Ҳ΢΢üͷ
꣬ǶԷϾߣûĶֽ֣֪ܷͻƵˡ
һС
һɫ׿תƳһ۳ǵλáڲܶڰȫط֮ڣûһȫأĵ顭


622 
Сӣû뵽ɣӵ꾹ߵȵꡣӦ꾡Ժ󣬲Żᷢӳʵ꣬ˣ
һ֮ɫħЦ֮У˵ӾŮˡڰȫطԶսѾˡѾ·磬ûκη̻ᡣǻ龳վĲ𣬾ٱ̬ҲԶ粻蹵
۾΢΢У׿תؿ˳һۣҲؿ˶
ħںȴǶʱңƺȻ
ɷǱݳ󺰵׿ваܳȥ𣿡
ûд𻰣׿ɫƽһǼɷȴûˣ̾
׿ôſˣʱһ׳ﶼ˵ûϷˣעҪԩˣ
˼ˣҲֹסذˣ̾Ϣ
龰ħиϲСûʲôıˣͷˡ
Ǻħٿ׿ʱ۵ǲ˱̬ĲŰаЦ
пʼӡħһƵؿ׿׿ȴǲֻôվڳߣͬһʿһ㡣
СӣⱲӾǱŮ˺ġֹӣһûӡôоһħаЦǸѾˣӵӡȻꡣ׼ؽ似˫󣡡
ͫ΢΢һ׿ɫأڳԴʱһ죬׿˽µĴؾұըһһ潻֯һ𣬶ʱγըֻ֮䣬׿ûӦȻޱߵ˫˽ȥ˲ûӰ
׿ܼң
ǽ㣡
ħںڵ뺰ɫһƬ𾪣˻ӣصȥ
Ǻֻ棬ͬ¯һһ޾Ϊҷɡе˶ɫɷףذ̾
ǿУ˭ӵõˣˣ
ħȴһͷЦΪһҵ˷ô򣬾ôܷס𣿲СӣѾܲˣԭԸݵһģõϣҲйˣ
Ŷôǲǻøл㣬ôƵˣ
Ȼħ䣬֮ȴأȻһмЦ
ͫһħ˼ؿȥɷҲһȥģǡ׿ܼң
ˣ
һռ䲨Ƭ𺣵ʱ㱻͵ɢλã׿ЯųǣȻԵõվǹһ˿аЦ֮ͫУĵɫĹ⻷ڷ⡣ܣ֮һƬޣռڲ𵴣еһж˷飬Щ棬һ׷ɢʧ١
ǿͫأ֮
̲ͫסħֱģ⡭ôܣ
ûʲôܵģҲҵľ򣬰ҵ֮УκβңǺǺǡһЦ׿ÿɷ
ħȴǺݺҧҧ¼Ⱦŭʵû뵽׿ʵǿֶҲ⡣
ʲôǰû˵
ɷǼˣȴǵʱϲ⣬ֻҪ׿Ǿоȣ
ѽ
ͻȻһ׿һ㶣ת׿ȥȴһԵĳü΢ƺЩʹƵġ
һ㶣׿ϸ쿴ȴ֪ʱǽ֮˺ۼȻǸոǻŽ֮ʱûüӦѳǽˡ
һˣ׿ɱһɫ˲
ߣеСֶΣҵ֮УԱһ׸ôҶҺĶܺ㡭

ħ֪ǸԼǸ׿йشδ䣬׿һֽ̧Ǻűȴһ׼Ĺ
ħһ㶣ԣһ˫ֱסǸѴôҲɫһ죬ؿ
΢΢׿ͻȻ¶һ˿аЦݣֻ̧޵ķ֮ɫǷ֮ڣȴڲֹסķŭ
һˣ֮Ĳ࣬ȷǻ֮Ĳ֮࣬𡣲˭죬˭ǵأòƸ㷭ˡҪȡָ֮°ˡܻ֮ڣҲʵڸøмʱ˺ͣռ̫࣡
۾΢΢һУ׿ųǣǰǿҲڲƽǰĻһһ飬·һλѲӰ㣬Ʋɵǿջû֣һҪ˳ߣҵЩ°ˣʽ֮УжԱ̫֮࣬㶯֡
ڵһҸħڸӣֻ룬ʹɱ֣ӡ̫࣬˼޹ڣ̫ˣҲòɱˣ
Ŷ˼ղûȫüͷһħЦ֮ɫ
׿ڴţװơûȫոջŮ˵ʱ˼׾ƭ˭أɲţ˸ħս᲻ȫġ
Цҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ûȫ֮ǰûʲôɱ⣬ڡߺߣ߿ȫͬġ
ŶкβͬüͷһħЦ
ǻһаЦݣ׿ͻȻɫ䣬ڵΨһĲͬǼڲ˫˫ţһ棡
䣬׿Ժ߲֮ʾ͵˫ͫ쳤ų׿ȫƣҲɢ죬Ϣǹǿѹʱɢɽ
ڳرϢһͣºȻǻָظоԼڲס
·ʨӣֻڵصķݶ
ħҲֹסƺʱҪӡ
⡭ôܣ
ֹħҲ´󺧣ǻû飬걻ѹƵ˳̶ȵĵز
ѵСӣѾꣿ꾿ʲôȻ˿£
в⣬ħѾĵѣ
ʱ׿ɫĮһ̤͵ħȥ˫ֻᱧųǲšĲ˫˫ţ͸˶֡
龰ħ´ȴִŭѾľҲ̫Ʋˡ
¸æӡҧβ߲ͣתֻ齻ڣħ˫һƣһ溣ˣȻ׿ѹ˹ȥ
׼ؽ似˫ױ
۾΢΢һУ׿ǰ֮Ʋųɿ˫ǰӡſھ޺ħɷʽ꣬
أ׿أȻһֻ޴߲ͷŭؾ޺ǹΪһֱֱ֮ǻ𺣳ȥֻǸһӴһǻ˲飬Ȼ͵ħȥ
̲ͫסһħֱţԷȻֲ˹似м֮
أȻ䣬ħæ㿪ͷ亹乣ǵֱֱ͵ػɽɽϣ˲ͻƣֱʡҲһ֮£˲
²ȻħӺݺݶ˶ѪӿȴǿҪɵˣСӶɱ֮Ȼ֪͡˵ĻӦüþղŶԡ
ϧѾˣ׿ӰգǰȻոճôһǾУȴû׿һһĲ
׿ͷޣʼڷŭ˺ҧٸԷκδϢ


623 
ͫһħ׿ԼƽȻ˫ֱˣڲǼʶո׿ķŭٲҴ⡣
˵ǹеĹ˫˫ţҲδǴ˵֡
С˵Ķԣ֮Ĳ֮࣬
أΪħڵһŵӵħͷһζԱ˵ʵͬԼĲ༫
ݵһʱҲԼһս֮ڣԱŭ֮µ׿ֻһӴĸоһ֮С
вЦΨһ˼뼫б
һˣħ̧ȥȴֽĿͶ˳ûǹΨһߣ
вһħسһϬذףһ˦ֱǷȥԼһ̤Ҫܡ
룬׿ҪŮˣҪڿֽţ󹤷óû·
ǣ׿еŭȴǸ֮ͫɫ⻷һȳͫڶأƿգ
ݣ

һεĿռ䲨ȻǷذ׻ɣǵ͵ħȥ
ħżƻɹȫ·ȴͻΣձƽɱܵһǵʱͷȴؽһƤȻеһʹ
ʹ׿ųǵӰǺȻϵһ˦ɵسһʮɳ߲βݺݵ˹ȥ
꣬ʲôô˾޴
̲ͫסһħֱҪˣ׿ŭǲƣ˿ֻ·֪ˣղžͲǴ̼ˣ˭֪ôͣ
ħֱҪˣ׿óôײûа취ֻҧβǰһֻ˴ڻΪһƣס
ȻħԵ͹ܡ

һ죬޿ƥеβɨʱײ泤ϣϼأȻ˫ӿȥ˲Ϩǡ
ţ˳βһɨ֮Ӷûֵײħϣ˻ܵش
ˣħҲپͷʹѣ̲ס³һѪоԴҪըƵġ
ǣ׿ɲģ˦ӣʱ˦ɽϣ¡һǶ˽ȥȻһ㣬βɽкпħҲɽﲻͣذʹУβɽĦĥ˸Ѫģ
󣬺¡һ죬ͷɽ΢΢һбβһ˦֮£˲䱻Ʒ˳ȥһҵʮƽԭϣ̣ա
ͷգҲĵؽһ𾪵ϡ
׿һŭ֮£ǰһɽͷƷˡղﻹɽʱȴȻ˲仯ΪһСɽȣõա
ȴʮͷ񱼣ؿ׿ڿеӣ̲סһ˿ĭ
Ѿģħ°ڵôֱ͸˫Ժûʲôˣ
𾪣Ըӵ𾪣
ֻڣħˣʱ׿Ҳ翴һͷ޽һ׾ˡ
⣬׿ܼһȫʵѾȫñ̬ݣֱ찡
ûǾ׿βջڣų䵽˵ϣ
ȻһȼͷȦ꣬ǵʱһǿжˡ
ؿ׿һۣû죬ֻ¶ݸЦݡƺ׿ǿʲôزжûʲô
Сӵķӡ֮ȽϸӣڵַҪ⿪ǷһЩʱ䡣Ŀ⣬׿ɫͣȴЩΣĿ⿴𴦣̾
ص˵ͷ룬ҲǿֻЦǰ
ֻǼ򵥵֣û˵ʲôֻǳ󣬺תƻ㣬ĵ˻ΪǸǽ⿪ɣ
˵ţƽŲǸһȴüͷ壬ʱһ˿ʹ֮ɫˣĽǰˡ
׿æ£ɬĿУ˵ץУɫĹâʼ֣ϵơ
׿꣬ʮֻҲ̲䣬ǻûǵ꣬ҲȻʹã
ȥȱ֮ǰȱ֤ԼõģȻΣգ׿˵㣬ţƽȴǲû̧𿴳һۡ
ǿŴʱ׿ȴȻ֮ɫ΢΢ͷ֪ˣԺ󲻻㵣ˡ
Ҳǵ㣬ֻǾɽһ
㲻ض˵Ҷס·ҹҵţżͬ·Ҷף΢΢˵ͷʮƽ⣬Ц
˫ͫ΢΢˶׿û˵ֻڰơ֪⻹⣬ʱȴر
ڵ˿һУ׿ʵǿ˵ܰһĻʱˣȴǶʱЩ
η۶ɷʵ̲ȥг˸ôһŵҩڿǱΪܶѾǲǣ
ǰʦǵҲ֪ҪٲһµĻⱲӾͶûٶˣҲЦһе
ԣ˲ЦŮҲǿŶȻЦ
Ƕħ޺øеˣ׿񣬴ʱҲǳ⡣Ϊǰ׿һлųǵһĻǷһŮġ
³һ׿ʼ磬εӣȴʧЦһÿɷֻУҸζ
ֻ𣬿Զ˫Ŀͨ죬ҧгݣһĶˡ
ˣûˣǵ£׿ȻһЦվɷȥȻǽ⿪˷ӡ
һ½ǣɷǽ緢׿Ŀ⣬ǵЦ֮ɫ
Ÿ˽⿪Ҳ׿мǳˮŮ׿ĺøиǴֻϣ׿ȴЩŹ֣ȼɵΣ
Ͼ˼ҾԼܸøлһ£һ뵽˫Ĺｻ֣бֹסؾ
Ƕ룬ҪҪ𱨣һжȸɵ
һ뵽ոտŰħʱͣǱܵͷ
Цħ򲻹ôܸｻ֣ǽħŰãм֮˰
ȻһˣƳ־гˣħأ
ʮ￪ķаɣոҰɽУתһȦɽͷһӳȥˣӦ׿ؿڵȴٴһݡ
ɽȥûʲô˵ģ˵ôɡ
Ƴϳһ󣬸æԸ죬ȥħץһûʲô˵ġٷˣ֪ʱǾ鷳ˣ
ǣ
ˮæһݣӾȥѰˡʱ˻ȴһ󼱡
ˣϣǷûħӰˣ
ʲôһƳϵüͷɫ˲һƬء


624 һͬ·
׿ɫѵĶﱻΪľȴӢ۾˿˵ԵǶ𣿡
һжˣɷλݺݵض׿ᡣ˲ҳֻĬĬһš
׿ȫںνʼ磺ǶǾȳôǻҪ
һаĻȣɷ˶һۣ¶һ˿ЦݣֻǰǾȳû鷳¿ӵģǸһ·£Сܵ˼ľţʧǲǸ˼˼
ɣμӹϽ˫ϹĶʲôС飬ӣôױռ𣿡мƲƲ죬׿ÿɷ
һͣ˱˴˶һۣ׿ϵ˸ɫɷڵСӣǰ˫;У˵һЩҪ鷳ɲһӸøɵ顭
ߺȣǴңʲôʱϲҪ鷳ˣ
ѵħ£ǲҪ鷳𣿡üͷһɷ׿Ҫȵڵ£ûϵΪŮ˵
ͣ˭˵ûϵ
Ȼɷû˵꣬׿Ȼִ̧סһħڲҲǲμ˫ν֪֪ˣսʤǽһǵӵĵϸ»𣿡
ڰ
Ծ͸Ҫ˰׿һȻӣѵǰڽ֣ǵ鱨𣿵ʵΣóʲô֪ҪǶֺ֪αסΪЩǰʲô֪Ϊ˴ӲҪ׵ġӦΪ˸еûоǰӦھȻңʸ𣿡
һ˻࿴˿ȴȫסˡ
⡭ô£ô˵˵ţǵĲˣ
ɵԴ˶һͷ׿ƽȥˡǺܿ죬ɷһİƣеȵȣⲻ԰ڣ۰˸ӴŵĹϵ׸ʲôǶһڵĵף˭ȽûΪµһ󹦼
ߺߡĿ⣬ѵֻ֮УǾ𣿡һЦ׿мƲƲ졣
һؿ׿̲סѵ㡭Ҫ
׿£ҪôҪáЦһ׿һɫоâһ˵İҪڡڶ˵̫ˣԲҵֶΣ
˻
뵹һ˿׿Ŀ⣬翴һ˰㣬ǲŵĹâ
ڱѾħ־ܶһĿˣû뵽СӵҰĸ󣬾ȻҪڣ붼鰡
׿׳־λϴ˫ǰϵʱðһأ
ǳǰ˰׿ĿǸԶ붼ȥ룬Ѿʼˣ
׿򣬹ɷһֻ̾а𣿡
üͷ΢΢һ壬׿˼΢΢ҡҡͷڵĵӣȻѰ֮ˡħ˵ҪԸȻ̽ǳ󶼲òʹ߳ɹܰ¡˫ϻбǿĴڣҲûаˡǷģһȫԸģ
̲סһ飬ؿ׿һۣȴһ
ħħϯŵӣҲһħڵһġûСӵ棬ȴ׹ˡ
ʵϣܹѹһͷģҲֻݵһţˡ
ǼˣλλȻ˵ֻ߳治֪ǫ黹԰ڡ
Ū˶һ֣Ҫĳ嶯
ƾһϣҲСӶ֡ңʵ˵ʶء
ħ˵һĪľϲ
Ǻ˻࿴˿ЦЦͷãǾͲ׷ˣֻҪΪŶ棬ʲôǶ㣬
һİƣЦתȥտЩӣû߼ȴһã
ףǰĺ£ûҪ׷°ⲻǸͷ׿óôͷ
ǣʲôţ
˻࿴һۣţͫһһ֣
̸ܣʥʯ
Ȼ䣬˻ڵóӶˡԴٹ˽֮£óʥʯڷѡ
û뵽Сư˹յƵսϣһ£СӴ˴ι±ˡΪΪſǣ̽ħڵΪ
ͷ׿СթȴûȻһʱ䣬ǻڵֱ飬СƶˣȻɾͰҺõһʵܹȥˡ
ȻǼթƻϺ꣬׿ܼҰ
ǻڣ׿иڣ
ղһڣĴͷ֪ûģ϶ͼǺίߣ
û뵽ųţͳսˡ
ܼ򵥣ڣħ͵֮Уˡڵãȴȥȥˡ
һħʵѿڵӵĲ򵥣òʹ֮ŽСӳ׻
лбħĴڣҿˡʱս־أҲ
ż죬û£
žһ׿һԼͣа̾һ
ʱˮ֪ģȴǺǰ龰һ׿ӣǺ⣿
ҡۣüͷ΢΢һ壬׿ÿɷ
ۣ
ؿ׿һۣˮһĪҶǾµߣôСë
׿ƵӣˮһЦ˳
üͷһ壬׿ֵšʲô£רЦ۵İɣ
ôܣҲǲŸ֪ë
ǿЦ⣬ˮһȭ׿ӣζлԮ£ġ˴δҶȥμ˫ᣬ˳·ǼڵӶв㣬ҽ飬·Ҳϸǣ͵Ǳ׿ӵľ֮ˡ
ҪҵаţҪǺӸԤ׿ǿӲܾ
ˮһɴ󼱣æЦ׿Ӳؼ⣬ǵĴˣڵж㣬ϣӦ
ؿˮһۣ׿Ц׿һϵڱָ֪ͼ֮£ֻ°ˡʱΪЩ찡зΪ㾿кͼ
²һˮ׿˫·ֱļ䣬ʲô͸Ƶģؽ֧֧ᣬ֪λػ
ʱԶŭɶĴʲôǸħСͬУܣţܸۣͬ
ӣħ֪ȥħһرظһ֡ҲΨħڵӣֵܵסֻиһ·ܰȫִ˫ᡣȵĿĵأȻֵ𣬲ȥߣΪء̬ԴΪأίȫɡ
ҲǱԱƵüˣһλҲȻشȽгֻ̫ɽȵ˶
ħˣŭǣмƲƲ죬ҧгݡ
һڣӲţʲô
ˮ׿ǰҲͨ죬صԴĶߣȴ׿ǱֵЦ
ԭˣħˣҵڡϧһĶ֣һĶѡĳϴӣҲˡȥ˫ᣬҲעǵףʹ˴ظĺã
Цһ׿תħȥ
ˮˣһ׿Ϣŭ
ҲûзŭһȺɵӿɼŭҡ˰֣׿ЦһȴûлͷתؿԶĳһۺĵǵĶг̻ǲӵʱյĻ͸ɣ
ԣˮʱ˫ͫһæصͷϲгл׿л׿
׿ȴûлػ뿪ˣֻˮıӰЩԣǻһĪЦ⡭


625 ƨ
һһ
峿ĳ£һĿںţħһ̡̤ǵȽʬӣһһظԼҪӲҧͣǰŲŲ
׿ɷλյǰ棬ںЩͨĵ˵˵ѡ
һ㲻ͬǣʱ˿̣ǲǶнˡھĵطһͬƨңңš
ȫշУ˲ǧ׿⣬Ѹٸ·ʱȴǸЩʬĲֻܻǰС
һ֮ɫڣţȴħƨɺǰУԽ׳һҪ˿ˣɺͳ
Ƴת׿һۣ̾һҡҡͷ
λԴӾº䣬һˡѾǧ˰ٻˣֻиħڲ㰲ȫ·ָʲô״
ǣȫԷˣ˵ʲôûá
ϼһɴ಻ȰˣԴŶںϣħҲԣСӷɧɡ
ƳϿ񣬻ֹסصǡ
λıħյħֽ֣֪ҪħԨ޷԰Σȴ˳֮°
Сܣͱô಻ˡѵ˼һٳλԸǵıɡһһħС˼ң̫ˣҪȥûأʱˮͻȻת׿ЦȰһ
ȴһԽ䣬ݺݵضǰ׿ıӰҧгݵħͽƶˣձɣ˴ǣҲһͼŲɸ˵ܡٸ˻һ뻢ıƤǲΣأ
ӣ̫Сˣûʲô˼ͼʲôЦһתת¶ƤݣؿǣЦʲôͼĻǾǽˣ
һŮȫЦǵ֮ɫ
ղһ죬ǺݵһۣܿȴεҡҡͷȻʧͼңƽԸϧ
ôǶͦõΣѹͷ໤ɲƼٵģüͷһˮֵؿĪľ⡣
Цҡҡͷǲÿɷ񣺡仨⣬ˮ顣ˮϢעͣЪֻһɲǣˡ
һŮ˴˶һۣЩ⡣
һദòǺǢôǽ̸˻˸У
һԿãȴɫ࣬˫ȭɵ߬תٿǰ׿ķֹס¶ɭĺ⡣
ǣǰǽһ°ɣôתͻȻ
Ůǰһкãˮȴһ˿Ǻ׿ķ򣬲ɳƬ̡
ڴʱһŭȴ𣺡֣ǼŮ᲻£ƽ㿪ЦҲˣĪҪʲô֮£´ѵʦ³ǰ֮Ŀ
²һŮСؿȥȴƳһؿǡ
ʱŮͷٳˡ
ţƳֿǣؾ棺ǣǵͽӶŴγ֣в֮ģ㵱СĽǣģĪҪħԨ԰Σ
Ҫǵͽӣǵˣ
²ʧЦһǻǵ˵ͷõģף
һ棬׿ǰ棬ɷʱת׿ЩˣмƲƲ죬߳ʲôţһƨ棬Լ£ǵƨɺ棬ǱħСʲô
Ҳһ߿ݺݵ˵ͷ
׿Ƣôţüͷһɷһŭ
νʼ磬׿ÿɷ·죬˼ϲ͸ɣֲǵ£
һȺƨ棬ķ
һɷһֿ׿ЦСӣ뱣Ůȫɡٺٺ١йأ⶯飬˰ɡ
˵ţɷ׿ǰش˴ָԣҪڷˡˣҲһаЦؿ
ʲô׿װɵ㶡
ЦһɷаЦֵܣװˣ˼˼ѣǾӡֻҪǸǧ˰ٿʥʯֱӰڳʲôҲû
ʥʯǧ˰ٿ飿ôȥϴ˫ԺûУ
٣ֵܣĲ˰ļҵǿǶİǮƣ֣Ҳǵ񡭡üͷһɷ׿ϾͷӲʩʼȰ˵
׿ȴʧЦһʼ磺磬ʥʯ½ϱѿŵϡȱԴΪʲôҾٸж٣һ㣬˫Ͼõģû뵽ȫùˡֻʣ飬Ҫ˰ɣ
˵ţ׿ó龧Ө͸ʯͷӸǣһί
·ǿƵġ
ɷȴɵˣ࿴˿ɻѵСӣֻ
㲻ţҲģǻͷһҲԡʥʯԴҩͬǿ¢Դ
СӾ㲻֪㵽˵㣬ܸ٣
Ǻ˽ǰ̾һҡҡͷ̾Լ׸һ
׿ȴ°Цÿɷ
׿ʲôˣЩթҪһΣеڶΣΣܲˣֲԩͷ
ԣеʥʯҲó׸
ɷ˴ʱҪ֪׿룬ƶҪˡ磬ѾǷȺ껹㲻ױ˾Ѿܲˣ˭׵㰡
Ǻ˼ţһǰһĴϣǰС
ǣ˭ûзֵǣھǲԶһɽϣһ˫յ۾ڽעһУнǷŭ֮ɫ
϶ѪȾ죬Ӷĥ˻Ƥӣʬӵظܳһ㡣
ˣħɡ
Ƴһ㣬ħ֮ˣرȻ˶ûãѾȲȵ㣬ҪһձŰ֮
ħȷһߣϾֻػεĿģڿġеһУڿʼǾף
ǣһǵн·ʱȴǵʱ޵ĳ嶯
꣬ңȻβħǰУôְ
һħͷλã׿ͥŲӰħ˫ֹͫס˫ȭգ¶˼ɵ֮ɫ
ǺǺǡڵӣȻһڵͷһ㣬ҪȥݵһЦˣȻһϵĴЦ
ħһæתȵʲôˣ
صģֻһƹѣȻأһɫӰ֣¶һӵͷȴ׿ڿջǸƹɡ
̲ͫסһħһݣͷϸܵĺ飺ǡ㣿
ͷϤӵ°ʱֻд˲أһ̽ʱ˲ųǿƣǧ׿⡣
ʱ֪˾ɲľ֣һ˵ġ
ֻͷûʲô⣬Ҳûдæȥǣͷڵĵط˱ᣬʾ⡣
ԣˮץƹħ㲻ȥ֣ŭλǰֱƹ뿪ۼ˫ʱûʱˣŲò֣һˡ
ֻû뵽ͷûߣֻˡ


626 ִ˫Ժ
ħڵħμǰɸæһȭħǾƹ£ǹͷȴ亹ܲ˫˫Ҳʱ£㷲
ֺ̧һںƣǾƹЦһʵؿȴأһâħڡǺǺǣħŻϷ𣿡
ǰˣң£ħתתƳֻܹ·ǰʵ֣ܹãϲħҲػὫǰϱԴ˿
ħ̴ú죬ڲ֪ǵ֮ǰȰ̧ѹһ¡ѵƹͨô죬ô֪ܲħڵ
ʱбó֮⣬ǲף֮⣬ʵǷѡ
˼˵ҪǸǽãӣǾͰ㵱ͣҾˮˮҪǸҶʲô˼ߺߣףһأԺ鷳ˡ
аЦؿǾƹƺѿһУÿɷЦЦСôϷ򣬻ĺء˵һħڣʮڣϷҲһһŹǻӭģǲӭģ˭ң
ʲô
ͫ͵һħ˼ؿǾƹɵظӲͰ͵ѡѵ˵ǰǡ
ЦŰ˰֣ƹ̾һСһ֪ͿˣضϷ˴ػݣҪ죬û뵽ȻһϷǽɽв˳ɧ갡
̾һƹḧ룬ңңԶнĶУͷ׿һľâૣͷ
벻һǧݾ۳꣬Ǹڵĵӣ˫ҪӿˣǺǺǡ
ħһԹžƹѾѣһҶ
λүݣȻ³˸߰˷֣ǼڣҲǵĴڰ
ף㻹վʲôȥɡʲôʲôԹ˫ٽʱ㻹ռأϾڵĵţʦֵҲڵĻѾԹˣִ򲻹˼ңα˷ʱ䣿
üͷһƹбƳħһۣЦ
²һͣħжµûţ֮ɫһǾƹ񣬱ûƢ
˵ĶԣСڣҲ׷ѣ絽˫ϣսˡ
ھڣһǿʲôãŵǱܲսϵģ
뵽ħ͵һȭݱǰ̻壬ʹ˸ˣ
䣬ħһתʱΪһâӰֻǾƹٺһںƺʵؿ׿ճյЦ
һºһƬУЪϢһÿһ˵ϣչ¶˵аɫһħˡ
·ˣٸһ·͵˫Ժˣ
ͻȻһһͷȻһȦŭȳħأСӻûϾ͵Ŀĵˣ˰ɣǻҪݵһ𣿺ߣûֵСӣڴ죬ַϷӣôҪĳ¡ǱҴ䵽ûкùӳԣ
˸һ޵ŮӲЦһ˰ֵˣϣʦֲôûзִˣһϵģⲻһʱô
ǰ׸˭ĸӣĸҲŵġϾˣݵһŵţɾ׸ˣһЦһӣ¶а֮ɫţ׸ǵ˺ܶ˰ܾô
˼Ҳ΢΢˵ͷϣ˵ͷϹɡСӣԶôʮ㣬֪أҸϷǺݺݵһɣ
ˣ˴˶һۣȴǲÿɷʧЦһмƲƲ졣
ħΪħڵĵһţи߲ģµˣڿ»ˣ˭̵ܵ
һϣ΢һ£͸󹩷ͲӦˡ˵ǵ̣ҲһѣΪϣûʸ
΢΢˶ϿǱĵݣ֪ʲôɸŭȴûа취
Ϊʵ
λŵӣҲֻܹڶѣܰôŲɣ
ҰСôˣƲգҲͱЩӵϼһôˡ
һˣ̲סҡͷ̾Ϣ
ݣ
ͻȻһƿ죬һƺâأسǰâɢȥ¶ʱȴħɡ
ʦֹ˲ϲ׷ǰ
㿴˵ʲôţ׸һ̴һսĻᣬⲻͻô
ǰǰ˽ʦ֣
̸Цܿ㽫ħΧ˵УǻѯһǴһŭɶس嵽ǰݺݵһļͷСӣַӸǲǣһ㣬˫ᶼĻˣ
ѽ˻
̲סһħʱʹ죬ղɵó鶯ͷ棬ѪԵ쳣Ŀ
һŮһָϣͬץСһȵϣ군ˣȻִħʦ֡Ҫħʦ˫ʧһкɶҪе
ȡȵȡⲻҸɵģûûһʱ񣬼ڰ֣Ҿһ£ܰ˰Ƕ֪ûôģ
Ŷϣ㲻ħʦ֣˵û군ˣ
аЦһŮָָϣЦħʦٰ֣ޣĻûЯ˽ǽ˵ˣٹ˽ħʦ֣棬ҪǴŸ߲Ļ
̲סһ飬ϿŮޣǳˣֺ޲ðĳ嶯ħŮһף
Ūˣ֪ⲻ¡һģңӻ첻ˣתۿŮһۣħҡͷ̾
ЦһҲǵͷһؿôʦ֣ôģ
һҲǼȥ¶ɫ
ݣ˵ħģҲడ
طһĺ⣬Ƿߺ֮УдļɵˣˣŴԣӥۣͻزˣ
һ˽ǴʧɫϸæĸŵϼһôҲ󵨣ҳôص֣ħ鷳
ҲʲôϼһһسΣħȴҡҡԴڳڣ̾ˣˣֻһ£ұ֪㡣Ժ»ǵ͵һ㣬ǿһƹͷǧǣ
ô
һ㶣˽һɻ
̾һħ˲˵еǸ˻ˣԺǣӦʮ֮ˣöβȽϺá첻۾ײְ˰ǰǴβҾ
ʲô˵ˡͫɵ΢΢Ҳ˲ŴˣҲֻ˵δ벻Ĵڰ
˵ͫ΢ƺҲĸ룬ɵƽﶼ޷֮쵹ùߵģײǹϣǿŶ˰
һˣ˵ͷʱħƵԴҲûѯˡ
ţ̣ǰ˫Ժ
Ժ׿˵ΣҲ


627 
ˣǵˣǾ˫Ժ
һľĹԺǰƳһָǰȳ˼ˣǰһȲǰȥҪһ̽ݵһŵķ緶
Щ˸߲ҵشԾûһۣͳȥħ˽ŭһмƲƲ졣
ߣһ·ĿĵأȻк򣬾;뿪ˣ壬úܡ
ţٴŽӲӣһһǰš
ǿ׿ǰȴǲûпֻһʧ䣬Ȼ𣬾Ҫֿˡ
ţǾǵˣ׿Ҳûп
ʧЦŵ˵ͷǻһЦݣǰȻô˵ЩʱҲ
Ҳǣ˿׿ǵȻ
ص˵ͷֱ˹ȥʼûп׿һۣƺһ۹Ҳᡣ
׿ҲɫĮĿбӣֱԶȥûжĿ
ֻǴ˿̣һ·˽ˣûйཻǶж˴˾ߣݸ֪һжˡ
˵ĵ·ֻཻͬ˱˴ˣ
˷ֿ²Цһ£ڿ԰ЩħͷˡˮǴһŵӣ׿ǰ֣رȭһ·ϳ׿ӹգ£û
ؿֻԼ·ǸŶѣûʲô˵ġƳһۣ׿Į
ݸһЦˮÿɷ
һ·ϣǸ׿Ϊܻ䣬ÿÿʲôˮ档ദˣ׼׿һЩӡ
ʱӲˣûʲô⣡
Ҫжʱ򣬷ЦݣʵЦ滢ֻЦ滢ȴδչʾЦ
׿һۣЦһƤ׿ӣ˫ϣ᲻һ£
ǺǺǡ˵أѾͷƬӣһЦ׿аؿ
¿ɰСͷæԴڰֵǧЦȻҿɾ͵ùˡڣ˭֪˭ЦҪ˭ˣҿɲ뱻㶢ϣÿֲ˵
һ˲ȫЦֻЩŮӣħҲǴЦͷ
СѾͷһѪأ׿ܼҵƢԸָˡֻ׿ηŰۣи̣ôαô
֮ˮŮҲܿ׷ǰĶ顣
Ů˽ԶȥɷҡͷԣȻص˵ͷǻǲô֪лǰϼһߣʲô
ǰαŮʵ̾Ҳһ̾ƺЩȻ
΢΢˵ͷ
ɨһۣ׿ʰݣȳˣжӼӿ첽˫ԺȫǰȵǾͻָˣ
ǣ
һȣ˲滶ϲȻ˫ȭսǰ̤С鲽һ·СԺȥ
ûµĲĥϣڼ˽ʬҲȻ糣һܲнˡ
һУ׿ص˵ͷ
մ˿ǵĽǿȣӦõõ˼ĥϡһⶾΪǺǺǡ
°Цһ׿ǵһ·ǰ
ܿ죬˱ǸСԺǰֻǿصԺӣſֻһһ׼Ĵţû˿أ˵ĺᣬȴһɻֵػ࿴˿
˫ԺôһССĺԺûŵһ䳤Ҵ̵ܹӣΪʮ֮ף
ʲôЦǲߴطˣ
еɻλ˴˶һۣǴЦɷһָ棬ɿһ￴ʲôǱжأһǴ۽磡
˵ţǱǰȥ׿һۣʹ˸ɫҲ׷׸ȥ
ܿ죬˴ǺĴţû߼һ䷿ŽյĴǰһһϥλߣ԰ףĿ
е˽ǰλֻ߲ۣǵߺˣ
֮һħǰμ˫ᣬλϷУɷæǰһذȥ
ǶûлشֻǸ֪һ£ͷħڻˣһˣնˣһˣˣհˣվˣͳһʮˣŷУ
²һݣ׿ؿһۣ°̾
벻ֻƾ֪ܽ˵Ϊȫ֪ͨ
ûڼ䣬һ¶ͿաӥҲȫһǺһԼҲһǶһ㡣
ֻɷҲˣЩʬסΪˣҲܸ֪ͷ˵á
ţ˫һԣŷǿ˫һ죬ͬɽ㣬ʹȫݵĸ첲¶ݺݵؽŻ򿪡
ʱ䣬Ũʱڳ˲Ϊ֮һ񣬿Ǵĳȫˡ
ɽ͵ϣﻨ㣬СϪ̲
һĿԴ
Ȼ˫ԺҲڽڲţ
ͫ΢΢һ׿ͷ㹧λ߹һݺ󣬴ŵǾ˽ȥλβ
˶ѽȥɷһȥǰǶ˰ݰݣЦʶλϣ֪ǵڼģ
һѵ֮ǰãڵˣ
УǣҪһ·ϻţǵʬ嶼ˣ޺޵ƲƲ죬ɷپƣȻһġ
ҲףһȺȫǽʬôܿˡ
ٴݰݣɷ̧ҪȥǻһλȴǺȻֵǵĵӣǷ˽ʬ
ףô֪һ㶣ɷ΢΢˵ͷȫǺ֮ɫ
üͷ΢ƺҲЩݣħǹעһҪд˰ɡýʬѵӣȻɳЧķĴ󣬼Ҳ׳԰
ˣʲôƷ鵤ôɷںذ˰֣׿
ȴЦҡҡԴƷóģǸˡҪ¶ˣƷ鵤ȷáҪԴߵӵΪнҩǽҩʮƷ֮У

һͣɷ΢΢һȴֲмƲƲ죬ںΣҼ
˵ţ󸹱˽ȥֻͷش
ãһصħǷˣڶ᲻õĵҩǾȻ˲ںá֪˭֧ţҵһʥɡ
ǺǺǡ˵˵ʥ󣬻һͷЦһĿڡ
˶һۣЦ
󣬶˻վ𣬿ʼȥˣѾ룬Ҳýȥˣ
Ǻ̤ȥǵҲպ
ǲ֪ǣȥһɲǣһȫڵӰȴس
Լĺӣٺһںƣ¶аЦݡ


628 ޵еĸ֪
λħڵĹɣ
һǽ֮ڣ˻ûüɽһǫȴأ쳹˶ߡ
̧ۿȥȴһŻ۵ˣ΢΢ǡ
̲ͫסһ˲ʧɫæҲ°ݣҲң
ΪֻһۣȻ˲ǳˣһλʵĻ֡ĸ°ݣĶܵ
ǺǺǡλؿڴֻһͨ·˰ˡλǹǵŴҲѰ׵ɣٴι˱ǰ·ˡ
ҲǸæһݣظš
ǻǵһμл֣ء
ɷƳһۣмƲƲ죬ǵϢû档˫Ժĵطһа˫ԺĹﵽǻ֣˫ԺУҲײĴڡԶǿͣǲͷѵλͷӭ𣿡
ԣȻص˵ͷ¸Ӵ󾪡
˫Ժʮ֮ףȻţ쳣ȻŽӴĺͿŵˣǻ֡ҪڱţǹҲǳ˰ôţ
Ҳ˵˫ԺеδǱʵˣ׿ڵ
΢΢˵ͷɷЦһ޵׿мأûʵǿˣ˫ԺҲؼڣֵܽزˡЩһʵǿӣǷ棬û˫Ժ֧֣ҲͶ͹ˡĻ˫Ժ˫ᣬſһսǱߵԣҲԷƱֻҪܽʵ৵İ
۾һǵ˷׷׵ͷӦǣƺȻԼõδԼˡ
׿ˣȴǲЦһÿɷ
šɷǵ˼ҵ棬˼ҵĶ̣𣿡ָָǰǸ·ģ׿ʧЦ

ɷ˱˴˶һۣǸеЩա
ҲˣƤˣǰ·ľ˵ûʣȫƾԴĸ֡ⲻָźͺô֪˼кθ룬᲻Ǻǡ
Ȼ˫ԺǶţǲҶԿ񣬵ƽ޹ʵһλ֣ܹǲõİ
ƺûһ·ȴû˵
ڣһСԺǰͣ½ŲָָЦλǵŴˣʮ˷䣬Ϣ˫᲻üʼУ˫Ժڽֹ˽λѭ򣬺Ը
ؿһۣȻͷղŭɫŷ˼Ҳûаǵ٩֮Է
׿˼Ҳ΢΢ͷһСѹǶ˻ͨΪ˸ǰŷ׼
ǺȻȥǾɷҪ̤ʱ·ȴЦŵλոһ˵ˣֶǹ̶ģΪһ̶ȣٶԴҲӦòǳϾǹɣķѵԴҲò١˫ԺҲһʲôɫͽʱͣһҲͶ̶ȶˣٲ˲⣬Ҳˣ
̲סһ飬ɷһͣת׿ȥȴԽ˵Цݣ֪ŭǺޣʱίر˱졣
˼ˣ͵Цѣæȥոǻ˲ˣҺܽⰡ
Ļɷһȥװɣ˵ģûϵ
Ǻһֵ֮󼪣ֻµģһεſֲӡ
šǷ˵ģҵ£ָָȺûļһɷҲǸæһԴ˽ȥҲһۡ
ֻ·ˣ¶ЦݣĿȥıһ
СԺ׿һȦصͷﵹȷ徻ǸͻƵĺõط
ǣתۿЩӲĵӣˣԼѡ䣬ȻҸǽⶾ׼˫ɣ
໣
һ˵ʱϲ⣬
ʱˣˣǶһӲӻܽţҸᶼˡ
ڴʱһȴ𣺡˭󳳴µģӰӺʦɢ顣
һӴӰһͷ׿һˣһǴ󺺵¶˳Цݣǡħڵģ
ǰôˣüͷһ׿Ȼͷ
أ
ң׿ٴεͷϵ
شһۣǴ󺺲ٴδЦǼ֮ɫħڵӾȻǸصߣ˸һֽŶĲзϡħû𣬾Ȼμ˫᣿ǵļƻǶԵģǵĶֻһˣ
翴ɵһؿħ˲ÿɷƲƲ죡
ιСӣ֪Ϊμ𣿡Ц֮Ǵ׿ߣؿڣЦ
Ȼӹǿˣô
üͷһ׿Ƴһۣ
ƺΪ׿ԼˣǴ󺺲ؿڣһԵõصǻΪӣǵľӢţû˿ãġ˫ʶһҲöԦڵĻܵĸ֣л۽磿Ҳ۶ѣתһȦȥˣװԼ
ǸͷߣҲֹסصͷЦ
ûǵħ߹ݵԦڵӻܣǲ׵ʦ³ɡ
ǲǸлл㣬ǵĹݣЩӢӶſˣлμ˫أüͷһƣ׿Ц
ҲЦѣǱ֮ɫ
ȫûпԷļǻܰ˰ԴΪȻص˵ͷǵĸлҵϡֻȰǵʱòҪֱ̨ɡҿɲΪһȺУͶġ磬Ǹԭˣߣ
˦˦Щϡɵͷǻܷ·Ȼ辡˶֣̤۾Ĳص˳ȥ³ҲǼЦһͽһˡ
Ŷ˵Ӱʧ׿Ƭ̣ˣˣ׳ˣǼղŵİš
ԣ˽ǼشЦ

Ȼʱ׿ȴһͣ˫֮ͫɵɫĹâȫµһһұϵĺâҲһţʧ
ȻֻһɲǵĹ򣬵׿ǹ˲仮Ŀֲѹȴڳ̲סһ𺧲ѡ
׿ôˣüͷһ壬ɷһؿ
ҡҡԴ׿ҲüͷһãصҲֻ֪ͻȻļµĸо֣ô¡
ͬһʱ䣬һ徻СڣһĿʣɫ۵껷һȦЦСʦܣﻷɣǿˣ
ǰﳤ˯𰡣Ķ棬ҲǸò㣬ŻҲϵ꣬Ŷʮ£һӣ˸
ЦһһСӣһ쵽֪͵ô֣ˣ˴˫󣬾ҪΪ֣Ϊݵһˡ˲
ʦģҲġǻҲʧЦŰ˰֣ͻȻȴͫһ˫֮ͫһأȻһӿ͵ر˲佫ڵһȫΪ˻ҽ
꣬ҲǶپ˷ڣ󾪣еʦܣʲô
ҡҲ֪һƬã֮ɫǻҲɫֻĵָоƺҵ޵УҪˡ


629 
ôˣ㡭û°ɣüͷ𣬹ɷǵؿ׿Ҳһصؿ
Լķ׿ãųһɫҲ˵ĳأҡҡͷûϵֻǺȻиԤУ˴˫ǲ̫˳ˣ
ˣ⻹˵˫ᰡǿȫˣ˳ǹ¡ڣҲδظұ֤˴δһ˳ﵽĿɣذ˰֣ɷÿɷЦЦȻ׿Ȱ˵˵ΪģοҲ̫Լôѹס˵ģֻҪﵽھͺˣûŴǶݣαѰأ
׿ܼҴѹģɣ
̲סһ飬˿ɷ񣬽һ
һھȻҪһ֮Уѹּ׿ܼҲеѹɽˡλǶĿǲ̫˵㣿
׿λɷҲ̲ס֣֮ʧЦ̾ҡҡԴðǰɣȷʲôѹӵ
㲻Ҫô˵ôԶĿǺõģЦһɷ׿۰ʾ
׿ȴǿЦһ
еļ¶ֻףǾΪŵǣԼĵ׵ľ档ƺһ˵ƽвҪӽһ㡣
Ǿͷ·ɽֻͻҪʤһֻռɽΪһֻԶ֮ս޷ܣ
ѵ˵֮
˿׿һ˿ǡ
ߵߵߵ
ͻȻſڴһת׿ȥȴһӹվſڣͬΪ·һ޶
Цһ΢΢һЦħڵλǰӵĳϹǰͨй˫ˣ
ŶǾǣ̨ͨæɷɲٵһλȵˡ
΢΢һЦתȥ
ţɷ˽һУ׿ƹܺ󣬱㼱Ҵҵ뿪ˡ
˵Ӱʧ׿ٿˣɫ£ˣǼղŵİţѡԼķ䣬ȻˣĴͻƣ
˵ţ׿ָһÿӹȥһСƿ
ùһǰһͨ쵤
ǰͨ쵤ɽҲǽʬĽҩǰˣȻǿ̥ǣ
ǡǰԹ㲻˵ֻܳһ𣿡һ㶣һ
Цŵ˵ͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ǰ˵ЧֻһΣΪҩȻͬͻƣЩǰùͨ쵤ˣͻƵķȻСܶ࣡
ԣȻ΢΢˵ͷ
ӥЩҩˣȴʱЩʧ䡣ԣʬĥ֮ٷͨ쵤Чá
ϧǷˣǵڶηã˽ⶾ⣬ЧûʲôãȴеԿ
Ҳ룬ǵһηãɶǾõġûǵһΣڶٷ
׿Ҳҡҡͷ̾޾
ţ˱ҵԼķ䣬µҩ氲ͻˡ׿Ҳ˳ָǲ·󷨣ǻ
ߵߵߵ
Ȼʱһ𣬸ǰһ޶׿һתĳڣǵĹѾǰͨˣк¡
ſվŵģ˫ԺĻ龳ȵģ쳣ϤŮЦȻؿǾϲ֮ɫ
˪ô
ûʥŮ˪ˣ׿˲סˣãȻ֮ɫ
˫ᣬݸھɱ֮أɲҵĺ԰ôأ
ŮǱ˴˻࿴˿Ǿϲشһ˹׿
ȵȣ⾿ô£ڰ֣סˣ׿ٴβʵò˵Ҳμ˫İɡ
ٻ࿴˿ŮȫʧЦ
ţڵǿɲ㣬ôϲɱɱ˫ᣬҪĦģ
Ħ
΢΢˵ͷ˪ȻһЦΪÿ˫ᣬԴСַⲻͬĵ̡ÿֵʢᣬ۹ɴĦ˽һפǹҵŵҲ˵ħܹڵĻͻֵĵ̺͸ԴҲͲĻڣܿܶܵһ۹Ĺ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿Ȼ
ѹħڸ߲˫˿أϧκδҲҪһסԭϡеԴиԴ͵̹⡣
ǹڵǧﰡ
һõĵ̣øԴŵķչٶȽԵƣ
һУ˫Ͻз䣡
³׿ĳҲ˵ڵˣԶһڵõһ۹Ĺڣֻ֮ܵһĻڣ
Ҳô˵ȫԣҪԴ̶ȣ
Դ룬ȴʧЦһ㿴Ԧڣ֮УȮֹشƫƧûʲôԴɣһ۹͹һڶѡȻȮֽС࣬ȴԴḻԲڣһأԲл֮˵ڣÿһ۹ˣԴҲǿʮֹ
ԵȮ飬ҪŻڡϾý۹£𿪲ɵԴȴйŵķչǰ;ˡң۹ЭһöٴҲܲ֡˫ԺĹأŲ˼£ݴ֣֮˪Ų
ֻ£ȴֹסذ
׿Ȼа˵֮£˭ˣ
еһУ˫Ժ֤սʢ˥ĲԶѡ
Դ۹һȺϣڲϵؿԴֵֻҪǲңÿԴǺ㶨ģη䣬˫߶ã
ȻԻŵƣǯҶ֤˲дҷŲֵ۹£ҲǶס֤ݵȶ
һݼֱڲƽȷչսĻ
˫ԺֻҪסڣ͵ڿݣ죬ȴЧֶΣ治򵥣
оڣ׿°̾
ڴʱһЦȴ쳹˶ߣֹס˸飺ߺߺߡǰ˵Ȧˣ˫ԺΪ𣿡
һ׿æתȥȴʯԣ֪ʱһϤӰһ࣬ľǣįģһһںźеƣ·ԶȲһ㡣
˿ȴֻһָо¼ţ
ˣ׿СǸƹ
ǰ˫Ժˣ̲ͫסһ׿С̽ȴǺĽ
˵ʵʵ̫ߣ֪ʱû֡һ֣Ͼͻᱻһֻϰ㣬ݺŰ
ЦҡҡԴǾƹ̾һ̾˫ԺǺǺǣǰǣڣˡ


630 ͬһ
ǰǣڲǣ
ѵ˵ͽʦŵ𣿿ɼȻˣܹٽһţͽرķ˫Ժĵطһ䱸ûаɡ
зɻ׿°˼
ƺ룬˲ЦһҡҡԴЦǺǺǡǲٻˣϧϷȥĵط»û˭סң

²һݣ׿ؿȸеͬʱˣ˵úӢ޵У˵ò㣬Ǿ޷죡
ҪǷ˭ܲˣûֹˣ
ףôеʶĸоⲻ
׿˼ȴͻȻЩסˣоϸϸͷʱЩ
΢΢һǾƹؿһۣȻʧЦڰֵؽţϷ֮飬ϷֺͶΪģ
ţֿһԵˣ¶Цݡ
һ˸æ˺һһؿ֪ģͷܸһΣյĸо
ǺǺǡػţϷɲ۸Сˣ
ЦһǾƹȻѾͷĹɡǺǺǡ飬Ϸ;˵Ҳ֪һЩոˡôã㸸ʴ˰оΣ
ߵ˪һۣƬ̣ĵȻҸʣ֮Уȴǲҹͬ
һȻĹôֻδ뾳أЦһǾƹ
һ㶣ɻⲻһ𣿡
һȻһ
΢΢˶ǾƹЦҡҡԴ뾳ɱӣ𺦵Ϳաȴδػ˶˵ףǻʼҵģհëǮϵûУĸӵλϵİգкˣտࣻտࡣϷ˵˫ԺŻǸ۹²ȦѡѪĶ󣬾·ϣ
΢΢һ˱˴˶һۣƺ֮ж
׿˼Ƭ̣˫Ժ˾ȶȲǿսνһСս񲻸֣ģ°գ
ƨ
ЦһǾƹٺһƣмƲƲ죺ǽڶѣػʥߵ棬Ѱа˸ӵĹϵݴ֣ռҲЩԴ֣Ǹ˫ԺЩһҪЩϸǿɳľ޴Դ
΢΢һݣ׿ƹƺЩŭæŮɫǲҪ׼ŭ
ƺҲеĲǾƹЦһ˰֣ǸϷոЩˡ̸ֻ£ɵижʵǰϷһͦãٺдսҷ̫ƽʢǣԴǸˣеһоͶıˡ
ǡǸŮӰɣ۾һʵ
üͷһǾƹؿףСô֪
ǻ˵ܸıһ˵ģŮôͦͦСظһԵõص
ЦһǾƹΪص˵ͷЦСͦо鰡˵׸ı˼ˣ
˵ҡҿǺܵģڻûıһء͵͵׿һۣͨѪ
׿ȴһǰǲӼ˵Ĺ˶ѣ
ӼˡǺǺǣʱҲֻǹ¶Ѱ
һ磬Ǿƹ̾һƺ˻֮У뵱꣬ϷҲǷΣ¡ȴƫƫһɵĹԴ˶쳾԰Σ
ʱϷǸɵÿСһȴƫƫϲ䣬ȼ࣬Ĵεĺƭڸģ
׿ĳǰɵĹ֪ն񣬳¡ҪϾðԼҲݽȥ
Ը⣬ܵ𣿡üͷһƹݺݵصһۡ
ʼ磬׿ˣԣѾݽȥˣ
˿Ǿƹ䣬Ͻ֮ɫŮˮ˰ʱҪŮߣο顣ȻʱҲĴ̹üΣҲϹ鷳ͷҲûʲô˭ţأԸͿ£
ԣŮתףһԵ׿졣
ƹӣĳеλ׿ܼңƺҲ˿˲°
ӣ׿ÿɷ񣬿𴦡
ǺҲŷ֣ʱϷǰﹴĶǵϼһҲĵʱ򡣡
ͻȻǾƹ۾һУһɱ⣬һ꣬Ĺ˵йԼҵ۹Ļţû£Ȼùܣȴ˱߾աͷҲ߲׵Ľƽ˼ΣȴǱйһ״浽˫Ժٻءûа취ұٻܷȴû뵽һ𣡡
ôǹ𣿡²һʵȥˡ
׿۶Ѿͷ㻹Ӽ˹µİ
üͷǾƹɫʱصؿ£ݺݵ˵ͷЩ˼ڱߣ㿪ʼļƻһ߼ɧű߾һ빫Ӵƻǵط׹أˣǧɽ͵ϣ֮Ϊ߾˫İգкô
ûеֵùջ󣬰͵ȥ˻ʵ۵йǩ˸Э顣йҲԴפش󽫺ǧռƬĵءȻʵ۷ʱѾˡָѳɣŴŭȶԹǼ»λҲΪϢϵʱһжˡмģֻʬ壻ģǱ˵áе۹˵ĳЦ
ɵ椡λĶư
׿˼ڵǿǾƹݺݵ񣬸æĿڣЦһţǰо仰֪ʱ龳Ļɱһͨһ£ǣѾͷŵġ˻ź󣬶һͷǣȴȫͬˡ
Ǽ㲻ȻҲٸҴǹˡŵһ͹ԹԻȥֻǹԱԽ׳һʵǿҲˡֻ֪Ҫһ֣ϸ˫ԺС棬ͱס˰ѱƱ۰ҪһʼͱֵӵĻǸң
ؿ׿һۣǾƹȻͷ̾ΪʲôûѡħڲʱҲˡֻ׵̫˵㣬ʱĸֽЩСŪڹ֮䣡
һ̹ĵĺɫǾƹҧгݣƺ龰ٴĿ


631 
ǰϢŭ
׿ǾƹϢֹסɢæȰ˵һ䣬žƾסˡ
Ѿͷ治ʱƣȻǹˣʵǺأôģ
η۶׿һ飬ӳȥ
ƹ˵ʹ޵Ļ䣬ȣ㻹ĵٸʵף
ȻǾƹԽԽҧгݵҳ嵽йǵĻ¾ɾֵǵĻдɱһͨͷϵӻﵱգ衭
ãʹ죡Ǿƹû˵꣬׿˳ֳƿ죬޳ϣ޲ʧأƷ衣
ֵǣ̾Ǿƹɫһб׿һۣСӣΨ²ңΪĻ

һͣ׿ʱһӣмƲƲ졣
ΪѾˣû뵽ϼһ˼ţ˼ŵɵģ˵ӻ
˭ǻ룬ûȥ˼ţ˼ŰɡţⱲӣڻûС
׿ֹÿɷ
ضƺ˼ǾƹЦһָָλõСӣѽıѪԣʲôáֻһ㣬ĲšҲԹ㣬ħˣ˵ħˣûϷڶûϷԼҲǰǺǺǡ
һЦǾƹʱϷ´ǵ˫Ժ˳׽áϷ˭׽׽ϷǰܷĸԸǵʱϷʹʧˣĹôֱ࣬綼ԼΪУԸɴ෴ţɱķʮڣϷһһ̤ȥһͨЩ߸ϵŲڽ¡֪ӲԺӣ
ǡʲôãйһʱ֮ˣѾˣƹ˫ͫѣǺܿʧЦһεҡҡԴʧ䣺˵ʱϷҲ͸һг𣬵ѪͷҲǣˣЩ˱޶£й֮޲ʱеԼ׷ˣ
²һݣ׿תתüͷ΢΢ôô찡ǰ
һǺһƣǾƹ³һЦһ㣬ֻһ㣬Ϸͷħˣ޾ຣ֮У԰Σ
ôָأ·ǸԹµı㣬˫ۣžƹȻݣĳ
΢΢һ̣ǾƹƺСķӦһλڰ⣬Ҫл֮ʣŮ齻ҡǷţҲסԭƭеһУ
̾˿ƹĳǶԷƲߣҲ֪Ǽ塣ףǿطȥ˳Ϊй񣬱㲻ս֮ࡣȷģģǵȨߵģ
ʱҲǰֹ̽һ룬Ϊ仰˵ףж٣֮ˣи֣²ΪΡʵϣȴħħ͸˵ˡǸո˵˫Ժάݵȶû֣ǲʬţ˴ɣֻٵİȰˡ
С˵ҵǸѽй𣿡΢΢һ̣ƹ
ҧһ촽ͷòĵİձǰĺ˵Ļǵǲġ۹Ϊ˱ղŴڵ𣿡
ãмʶ
۾һǾƹЦһ˵ͷ޵ΪҵǸһɵȴֱ˴öࡣɵңһʱ˵ҪһΪؽ磬ˣȴݣŪȫ˳ԡɵɵ
׿ľƹı۰򣬿οǺǺǡǰؽ⣬ôǰʱѣܼ˻𳵣̫ϡ
ƨûô޳ܣǰ˵ĿɶĻݺݵص׿һۣƹȳӾ֪ѾĲԽˣԽҸѾͷһ¡Ǹ˵ɵǺǺǡ̫ѣ
һ׿üͷһƺʶĸо
ƹλĸоƾһζĸоһ㾡ۣǿһ߲Ÿе̤ʵ
Ϊα磬ֻˣǸеڣ
ãоƺ׵ߵڿǰ˻ΣȴûһξƳƹʧЦһҡҡԴ̾ûˣϷȥЩˣϷ߶ô죬ҲѵˡԵϷ԰һ¡ҲֻһЩС²ſԣҪһô£͵ټһϷܰˣҲʦ
ʲô²һϲ׿æʵ
ϼһʵɲ⣬ܵõһŵϵڱĺ°
ӣǾƹһַ˻Ŀ⣺һϷʱΪ棬úɽĿҲϷƽƷֻǿϧļ˥ǷҲӰϷųȥ˭ҵǷϷʹӦһһԾŶϧôȥˣһϢûСܽϷҲ˰ɡ
̾ҡԴǾƹһתӰ
׿һæǰǷʲôĻ
ŶϷǻͦģԻɽͼƹӰȻʧȴش˵Ķڡ
üͷ΢壬׿֣ôеôϤء
Ȼ·ʲôɽͼǲǡݵһˣ黭˫
ͫһŮҲ΢΢㶣źݺݵͷûҲĴ˵һǧˣȻţ
أҼǵ׿æٻһֵٻ
Ҳǲһ˼أñŶˣԴϴȥ˵۶λ֮ǻͲˡ绹뽫ǻͬƸһ͸㡣ⷭˣûҵ
ӣؼʱ̵ӣ̲סһ飬׿̾Ҳһ
ʱҲˣ˳ˣûˣδزһ¡ȻʧȥһᣬҲͬʧȥ˰
ӣһֵ֣֪˵䣬Ͱ͵½ĵλĶţ
³һ׿ͷҲãҲá
һ棬ͨ󶥲㣬λλߣһλͷ׷Ӥ˫֮ͫоڣһλǸڷߣƮɫ˵ϡ
ǵ·ȴһڻǿߣǸͬǰĳϹ
ô¾Ͷˣ˫պʼϹأȱȣλһذɣ˰ڳ䣬׷ߵ
°ݣ㹪˳ȥǣ
ʱһӰ˰ݵμλ𣬽紦״
ʲô״׷ڡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬˼˴˫ᣬڵӦŴΡǷ֣žȻܹʮΣ˰л룡
ˣȥɣϼӷ
ǣ׷һ֣˱㹪¡
ֻжʱ׷˲ſڷü˫ԺĽ磬ûһʵĽӡַǲϢġ˵᲻ˣ
˵ƤӵǱֶ˫ԺϤģݣҲֻˣֻǲ֪ͻȻк£ϣͱʲô¦ˣ̾һڷα۾
׷Ҳ΢΢ͷоһس˿
ǶĵӣطʦţΪ


632 ȫԱͻ
պȣ
ǸŵСԺڣ׿һؿŸոշصλɫתֿһ۸ڣڼӽͻƵĵӣüչʱеȰɣ֪ܸܲϵϡ˵֪ʱȣҲǶһʱ䣿
ͫһɣɷʱһôһ飬ˣһССھܷ˵ʱˣѾȥˡǰ죬ǽҩͻƣ𣿡
Ļֻܿ컯ˣûȥɷ׿ƺҲԲ˻⣬ĳ
ɷȴ¸ŭƤ̲סݳ飺ѾѾ޵ģ׿ħڵӣô׿Բʲôп컯ǰûмƻ𣿻УոճȥŮô£椣㻹ûеӵġ
ɷѣצλţƵʱҪȥ׿ˡ
׿ȴνŤԴʼ磬˿ڣƺ²ؼһ㡣Уȴһֱʱ䡣
ûƴĻ֮Ӧȫͻơֻ˶죬˭֪᲻أ
һøоˣҪͻƣչʮ£Ҳûпܰ
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üͷһ׿Ȼ̾˫ô࣬һϣȺŹһܲǺܿ𣿡
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ǺãȻˣҲΪˣʱ˵ɣ

׿Ļ˲һɷñףҪȥˡҺţŰҪ׿ɣ
Ǻ㣬׿˲£ḡ̬£λ㷵Щͻƣϣܾ߳䡣
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ӲһͣͨͣȻЦһǺǺǡף氡һ˵һ治ʹˣ
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ţǽϵ췢ǿƴӸӿ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿۾ԽԽҲǽһȻĻȡ
ľ޵һƿˣչ߷ɵʱ򣬺ǺǺǡ
һ棬һ޴Ĺ㳡У˷Ŀ̨ˣȫݸ۹Թ󣬱˽ʵġ
˪һڴؿ棬ȴζҲħڵӰΡ
ںԦڵˣȴ̨ϾվţųǩǵǰǸ׺ӵͷǴ˴еĳϣ
ڵӵľս˫û˼ɸӦҲͲˡ
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ǳ̧ȥҲ̲סüͷһصɷλôֻˣǵĵأ

һͣ㿴ңҿ㣬ȴ֪οڣɷӲͷƤϣǵĵʱЩµˣҪһܵ
ʲôˣǸ˱үˣ
Ȼɷ䣬һŵط̧ȥȴԦڵĻɡ
ҡž޴壬̨λãڳˣҲ֪ڽǰҵǹƥħڵľӢš˿ɣЩбӶֻǸصСӣһЩĳϹΪأʱҺȥһ£̨֪ӲǸϵģѾ˰ɣ
һ᳡˲֮ﲻǶǽͷӶоǳ
Ī˵ħڵ˱ˣǿ̫ˣ̨˻ݶνǧ˫ᶼûгֹ°
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ǻܼˣΪԼ¶ˣڵķ򣬴ЦһƳǣ֮׵ᣬҪҶ֮չˣ
мƲƲ죬ڹǣ뷭˸۶
ʶ׿ֲʵǣִ׿ӻᱻçܣʲôЦ
ǿܸŵһսĸ֣׿Ӷ֣Ҳ䣿
ƺǸܵŮıģܴܲ´ŭǣٴһȣ
쿴˭
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633 ׷׵
˾Ŀ⣬ƣͬаЦݵӰطȴħڵĺֵɡ
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û磬Ҫȥ̨ϵţҲɨһȦϤӰɵ˵ͷ
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üͷгһ⣬ٿǺλӵΪȴҡҡԴɻ
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Ϊһȼţ˴ضǣ˵Ŀ⣬ǸˡΪħںĵӣǾģҲôͻ£Խݰ
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ܺãǹȻ֪֪֮˴λԦڵ֮˶Σڶλˣͦʶ
ȻڴʱһĴЦȴٴ
üͷ̲סһת׿ȥȻǸĿ˵Ļܷġ
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гҲǺ̲סһŻܵӣ´һҡҡͷһ
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ûĿ⣬һԴɪҲǻ֪ҺʦȥħǵľӢźɽ;УϺǡǵ֪ҵķṦΰ󣬶رݣ޲ڡһ㣬ʦǿ֤
³Ц⣬æصͷǶֵˣƺŵħ˶ӵĿޣǷԷθġ
վڸ̨ϼˣ̲סһ飬һ
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ľ֣ش֮벻һΪʵ̫ˣھȻħλϣΪ֣ҲʵЩ
ţܲ̾һŸ̨ϵ˺ݺݱ˱ȭȳλӣǷİɣǵ֪Ϊ϶ǿ֣֮׵λһλ̸ֽУԱλ𽵹ǰԮ֮

һ̨ϵǫ̈̄ϻʶӢӢ۵ĺţٿ̨˵ĺˣȫһ֮ɫ
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ڣħڵһţħ̲ͫסһƷ岻˼ؿǺ췢꣬ɫ˲
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ϾںֻʵͲر𣬸˵ǵӼĲ࣬͸ˣ
ħνͣòᣬϷİɣ
μ˫ŵӣжİ
磬ʲôüͷ𣬺أƷ塣
Ƥ̲ס΢΢һƷ建ҡҡԴͬɻ֮ɫĶֻ֪Ǵ˳֣ضżȻòǶͬһ˰ɡҪĻɾ͸ˣ
ôһ㶣һ֮ɫ
۾΢΢һУƷ̾һҲ룬ܱħ֣ضԴˣһĿ½ɫ
ԣ䲻һ¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ


634 ǿϮ
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Ů֪ʦзߺޣҲǻŭض˸ߴħķ򡣿ħȴûǷֻһ˫ڳÿһ䣬ѰǸϤȴֿµӰ
˫ԺҪ£üͷһƳ򣬾һңħҲǲħڣǸǲ𣡡
۾΢΢飬ˮ̾һصͷõĳǱˣҲǳǡˣ
һˣˮȭͷýģָ׶۽ȴǺ޸о
Ȼ䣬һУȻ
ܿϷħвЩ磬ãصʦ˰ɣͽħˣ
ţȻΣգҲǡǡ֤ʵõħڵһŵϿɣΪʦΪ٣³ҲЩ֣س
Ǵһ˱һȻһĵؿˡ
һҲ̫˰ɣƾʲô˵ħҲΪǶģ龳ûͻƵʵƾʲôûصħϣ
֣ҲиȰ
гϿŶˣҲһҡҡԴ
ȲõĸоһССڴȣ㽫ںڵĸгϰ˼ˡ
׿һǰٿһǷ嵥رע˸ڵӵʵгϱһɡ
ҲûһģʸǶϵİ
ˣˣȱԿʼһжˣ
ʧЦҡҡԴǳϿˣߺһʱ䲻ˣڿǩɡθսԳսʽﹲöǩк롣һڶλսһλսȻλٸӮһսֵֻ֣Ǹսɼ
˵ţǳйâһһͲǩ
˴˶һۣںԦڵĳϷ׷ǰ׼ǩɷ˿ſλã׿ɲļ١
šϣǵЩ鵢飬ܲԵƬ̣˴ƣɷһЦؿˡ
ǳȴؿÿɷ񣺡ʱѵû˻ǣ㻹ǸϽųǩɡã鵽λǾʱô
ţˣ
ԴɷǳϵɫЩΪѣһ˫ʽڵϴȥǲǰ
ϼˣɴŭ鲻飬ĻȨۣ
ҳ顭黹ôǲһɷԶһۣ¶һݣӲͷƤǰȥ
ɷúõ㣡

ɷɵĲӸո̨ɷںһⲻӵʱһŭݵһۣȳ
ʼ磬ɷһ޹״˰֣㣬û˵
һɷݣǳǰЦĵзϣɫ˲Ϳ׿ʮ˴һ顣
СӣôҪӸӰ
ɷ룡ǻһаЦݣƳһЦؿɷ˸ơԦ³Ҳ֮ɫš
Ƥ̲סһ飬ɷݺݵƳһۣ޵ҧгݣ
϶治ǶҪǣƽôڼѣȻЦ
ߣӵţ
бһŭɷҧҧһӣأһֵֻĴֱ˽ȥȻѸٳһǩ
ǣǩϵĺʱȴǵʱһӯӯ⣬޵ĳ嶯
ôˣ鵽ˣвһɷæʵ
һɷؽǩø˿ʧǸ̫ã鵽һţ

һɷ˶ʱ̾һεҡҡԴƳϺ³϶ˣǱ˴˶һۣ볩Ц
ǵûһֱֿգǿҪʧٷ˰
ŶһС˵־ֻӣɷ޵һûа취ͷһ֮Уγǩӡ
Ԧǵڶλһָħԣǵλڶֲϳ
úչʾһڵ磬û뵽ħھȻ˲Ǳ̨ǻ治̨ˣû취ֻüֳɱˣܽǩ￴˿ĵЦ
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ͻȻһ֮𣬴ڳÿ˵ĶУȻħڵӻûڽһ£ϰɣ
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²һݣˮɷһۣ¶Ǹ̾˻ԭλһ̾Ϣ
ʵףһĻᣬħڵľ֮׳˼ħ׿ڣʵ̫ǿˡ
ֿһأڻϴƣٺò˵ģȴЩⲻȥⲻ壬侮ʯô
Ůˮ飬ҲǸеƳôЩص
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һ㶣˶ؿǣֹ
ǲǸ׿ӽôôһҲΪǣѵ򰮳ɺޣˣ
֪˽׿ģǡǡǳǡ׿ҪʲôҪʲôﶼһ
С£ǲҪǳְæģ
΢΢һ̣¶һصĻȣȻԵá
϶̫ûˣأŮ޶磡ɷмƲƲ죬һ
һЦƳϲÿɷ񣺡ڸħûκιϸǰҲ˵ú·죬нߵãΪ߲ãǲǷʲôʱڸǾϵǾ͸ûҪʲôˣ
㡭ɷһŭͨ죬°ޣڹȻĹΣòȻ֪ˣǰͲóȫħźأ
˲Ȼ֪ڶԹĪ
ħ֪飬ȴҲЩˣЦһ֮ɫߣʲôţһЩα֮ˣħǵù˶޷սǿϧúܣǸ
۾΢΢һУħԼ°ͣ̾һ
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ħڵĵӾˣĻ־ֿˣгؿɷɷȴһҡͷ
ܵԦˣǵذԴȻʧЦ
ǣڴʱһɹɼΪǿȴ͵ӿ᳡룬ڳϢ̲סһͬ͡ʱһϤЦҲصÿ˵ĶߣǺǺǡǸħڵӵˡ


635 
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ͫһ˶뿴˳ڷ򣬰λӺħ¶֮ɫ
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ħͺλӣҲɵͫ͵һгôܣ
ֻʱ˿̣׿ԭؾΪ⣬ȴ̥ǣ籡ֹסɢš
ݳЫͰλԭǾӢǿӵˣͻ˻龳ƿһ⣬һ·ͻƵ˻ؾĵز
ǻؾߣǺͻƵһصĵز
ֻӥպ¶ˣΪ֮ǰùͨ쵤ҩЧѾǺˡˣҲɴնͻأؾĵز
һħڵȻֻʮˣǻ龳֣ϵĸֻ֣һ׿ز¶һ㻯龳ֶĹ
ݣ˵ڣҲȻ˺ȻˡҲֻڵĵӣ˰ɡ
ħؿֻ볡ͷһ˿亹سǸսѰ죬սЩ鷳˰
Ʒǲ˼ؿʮ˿᳡ݺݵص϶ʵ⡭ô£ħǰսĵӣһ϶ǻ龳ȥħô̽ģôҪ鱨û̽
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ٺͺٶҲЩˣŵؿ·һȺͰ͵Ҳ֪Ǿܳģ
Ǻܿ죬ٱڶϳݳǣⲻħڣôô
·˰㣬ټָǣг磬˼ǰվغͰߣôھѾɻظˣҲ̫˼˰ɣ
ʲô˵ǲǰûͻƻ龳
һƷˣֿ˿٣ŵҡҡԴǾôܣ϶ħڵĲҲոͻƻ龳һССħڣôôʱڣЩļͻأ
Ҳӷѽ⣬Цҡͷ磬ң˭ȥ㻹ŵĻܣʱҲڳ
ǡôͻƵô죬Ǽ˰ϸϸúҲǴʧɫ˳֤ʵ
һʱ䣬˽Դڶ¾֣
۾΢΢һУƷطǳôĻħڵ治СˡѲܲвǵĳ̶ˣȡǵʵԣƻб䣬ǵĿħϣתϡֻҪǲǵףħڼڣҲвǣ
ص˵ͷڸħӲǼΪǵΪ
ˣϴ˵Ǹ˭ڲ֮УͻȻƷ忪ʵ
üͷһ˻ҡҡԴźһָǰ׿żɵ֮ɫĵ磬СӡΪͣʵǿ
ѣҲ֪
һƷһ¶˳૳⼸־ȻԸ棬˵ȷز¶ֶηǷΪֻ߶ӣһԴ
۾΢΢һУƷ˼ãּ̾һɲĹħڵĵϸѾԽԽˡȻǼʱתƶԸĿ֮꣬ߡֻһ֣Ǻηˣܹ˶̵ʱڣǵΪزֱ漣
һ˼Ƭ̣Ҳһ̾ص˵ͷ
һ棬ɷ˿׿׳Ķ鵽ҲǾˣű޾Ļϲӿͷ
׿ѾˣôһݾϲӰˣɷ㵸ȥס׿ڣ׿ƴѣŰ⼸Ӹƿ
Ӷؿһۣ׿ݺݵصӲڣ
ٺٺ١㲻ãҲãոֻ˿Ϊ裬ɷһЦذ˰֣Ȼֻ۾Īľ⣬ϸϸؿĵӣȴԽԽϲԽԽ˷ܣаޣ
Сӻˣʱ䣬Ӳǽ˵ʵļ龳ƿͻˡ
Ȼ׿Ǹ漣ܰţֱǼ񵽱ˣ
ɷ͹ɷһԿţҲֹסͷ˷ܴЦ
ǣһϲҳںԦڵ˼龰ȴһ˲ġ
ڵƳϣڼʶ׿Ŀֲ֮󣬱Ͷħڻн䱸ʱã׿ǿҲһˣսвռˡ
µãħڵĵȫ˹ǻеô򰡣ֱˡ
ˮŮҲǾˣز֪˵ʲôźáЩ˻һ·ֽŽӲжĽʬ
ôһӣ˿ֲǿ
ƺϣǵЦһǿ˵Ķ԰ɣСԼᴦõġֻҪǵɵˣȫԸͿˣ
ǣ㻰˵ɣһȺ֣ôȫԸɫһ࣬ˮڻϣħֿһأڵսֿһأҲʮǿƣڸܱȡ
Ǻܿ죬üͷһɳˣո˵ͻȻģ׿ģôģ
ǺǺǡĶֻ֪֪֮һ㣬Ǹܹ漣ˣݸһЦңң׿Ӱ¶֮ɫ
ˮŮȴһӾȡԭλ׿ʵǿֶζ죬ʵĹﰡ
أǿ׿¶֮̽ɫһԵ𣬲ŭɢĹâ

гϲϵطеҲǱûֽšħھʲôʱ򲻶վ𣬶Һüµߡ
ôһ󹤷򣬾ȫɻ龳ˣֻһ¡̶찡ô仯Ԯ˰ɣ
ǷŷţǳϿݵƱͣ΢΢Ƭ̣ԺֻλųϵĻ
ħƺʲôˣȻýʬĥӣ
뵽ǳҲһȻˣ̧ʮˣֹи˰ȻƧѵʱߵʵ
˫ԺҲֻûʵǴ˾Ȼõ˼죬ɼֶε
˿ǳһ̾˫ҪˣħڸڷˣǺǺǡ
ˣħںԦڵĸսʼ˫ǩгϵʴ˫ӡ
ǵĿͶʱȴֻӶֹסɫҲɷδս˥ˡ


636 
ɵؿŶǿƵģֵӰ԰ףӶɸʦɫ޳ˣʦףǰǶһУôڶô̬ˣ϶ʲôֽˣ
ǰʲôֽأ
³ҲǴؿħˣͬ޵ĳ嶯һ
һ˴߻ˣôߵô죬ֱˣһȺô
س˰Σתתĳʦǵһ䶨ˡҪȨɣѾԸϡһǸһնûа
ƨ
ɴһ³Ϻ޺޵֪˫Ϊʲôûƣ˸ȨСУĳһšЩҪܺ͵ģȨʹһֶò
ղһ񣬻ΣʦǸǱԣҲͬһֶò㿴˼ʵҸоǵħڣа¸ˣˡչʾģĵӣ˲ľӢŰ
̲סһ飬³ҲЩŭ
û뵽аһ֮ȻˣСУд裬Ӷ¶Ҫȥо޳Ц
Σʱ̣Ҳ˲ôˣ˼ȻͽܣҲ̫ģսǳǩơǱȻʵǿģͬĸʵİֻҪãüֵģ
šʦ˵ĺе
̧ǰʮˣ΢΢ͷĿⶨ׿ϣָָʦСֻΪҪҳ鵽ٺòˣ
³Ҳת׿׿һۣмƲƲ죬ͺݺһ»ܵԴûϢĶǱĸվƫһıȡУվأͲһصģСԼʦܽһǻܶõأߣСӣԼ
ʦҲ˵ˣǩ˭˭ģ룬԰һѱסԴί
³˼΢΢ͷС˵ҲԣֺܿݺݵһۣϷŭ㲻֮⣬˼룡ǿߣҪǿսŻǿһ쵽۸ģûϢߣ
ԴһƵصԴ
ˣӶǩɡľУʮǩӣź롣ӷֱӸľͰȡӵͬǩӵˣǶ֣ս˳ɴһʮĺ˳
âгϵֻϣֱֻľУչָˣ
׿ǰνؽȥóһ֧ǩӣǳһ
΢΢˵ͷħ׿鵽ʮǩ
ǺǺǡʮǩ治֪˭ôùҪǸˣ̨ϷħһЦ
ʱһЦȴسߣħʦ֣ƽǾӢеЩʦֵܵĶսÿôôˣ˵ͼĶս
ৣ
һһΪ޵ŮأȻߣЦȻ
Ŷ
̧ƳһۣħЦһ̾ڵĶսȷǹͼˣûʲôȤ
˵ħͻȻһϬĹâͬһֻǣݺݵضһӰҧгݵһˣֵӽԴ
һħ׺ݵģ²˶ǳΪ֪ħ̰棬ﲻڻΨһĵģһս
ڣ¶ȴʱһϬй֮
ѵ˵Ҳħʦ϶Ķ֣
˳Ŀ⿴ȥ·׿Ӱɵ΢΢һؾ
ǰء
εص˵ͷħ׿޵ҧгݣѾƭӣøؾӣϻϴξͲ㡭
ħÿҪ˵ʱʱԱߵֱ첻ˡ
ȴº棬ʵϴôˣ
ûʲô㲻öʣ£Դ΢΢ƫƫħһ죬ЩΡʵݣἰ¡
ѵ˵ϴβ㱻صСĶţ
Խ˵бԽ棬׿ķ¶һ˿Цݡ
СӣȻܰħʦʲô·
Үʮţʮţ
·ս̨ϣܸճһǩֹסϲɫ衣ȻһаЦؿ׿λãЦݡ
гϺֳڼˣ¶˱֮ɫ³Ҳһ죬صԴ
ô̳ôһûϢͽܰ˵ôһվغһش򣬾Ӯˣʲôɽģ
Խ˷ܣֻ֤ԽǸ߶ѣֱϷˡ
Щ֪׿ʵģӣȴȫЦһ°̾׳գ
˴ûþȣǸʲôɸ˵ģͶ̥ô̾һĳڡ
Ʒȴӣÿɷ񣺡ҲԦУǻǿˡһǹͣȻѾõˡ
˴˿˿ͷ
ףոû֣оȻôһƥʵֱˡΣûŻڵĵλ϶˲ˣ
̨֮ϣ˿ħڷ򣬷̾Ų֪⻹ԦǸ󺺾Ȼ鵽ǸǺ
΢΢˶ħȴһЦøƨѾˣ
ףô᣿üͷһһɻǿΪأѵСӮÿ𣿡
ֹӮԸֽɫֱɱ
ɷ˷۶ħÿɷ񣬲ٷˣȴӺˡһ˫Ŀ׿һ
ħϢλϣɷǰ׳֮ʦһ֮飬ȵλֵܽãǿοǴ˴ڣƺڻˡ
˵ص㣡ؿһۣ׿
һͣɷЦŰڰ֣ȴΪ裬ĳţһ£׿ܼô˵ˣҾ˵صɡصǣһԦں󣬶һЩɾͿˣǧŪˣ
ΪΣһ㶣ЫǸʲôܣǰôţѵˡиᣬȻ飿
˰֣ɷͻȻɫһࣺ飬ǲԣ˫ǻƣǰǴˣһ֣ڣǲڰһôҲ֪Щװŵĵ˱Ƚ֮úܣ
ԣ˲ǰһű뷢Ц֮аȣ
㣬ӣͲˣĶֿǿһˣҰʵãлˣǾ͵ڰڷˣţɷһ׿
νذڰ֣׿ͷİɣзִ硣˵ʵǻܣҲ⣬òŵġ


637 ڲһ
ˣ
һεĿռ䲨սܣسεǽڣһнڣһ˿
˫λ
гнӡϣתۿħԦ˫ʾ̨
һЦΪߵݳȻԵõȥؾƣֹסɢڳ˶Ϣһ͡
ֱǽУƲű絲£ǳһǹɺȻĪþòͻ
ԦǱˣŵľɫɷˣ
һֻϸСǩؿһ֣һ
ԦλҪǳ׳꣬˫ֲ˶ٿһ̨׼һЦݳʱ޵ĳ嶯
˵ʵҲصΪƫƫã鵽˶ԷΪĸ֣һ¶ʱ֮С
Ҫȥˣַ˼һŪ
һ³ϣ˰ϣҿ϶䶨ˣȨòã
ƨ֪˫Ĺأ
üͷһ³߳ƱԣӮ֣ƽһ֣֣Ȩߺߣ֡Ҫǲϳʧɾʹˣ
ǲ˱˰̾˫˵İɣȨãⲻţô
ߣ߲뷨㶮ƨ
мƲƲ죬³ϲÿɷν֪ΪΪ֪֮ɽлƫɽУ˫˾٣ǿŵûΪľһճֵָĻǿɲֻʵˣ⣬עĩˡԣΪ棬˵ǸأǻذأҲøӲͷƤϣ
꣬ȥĲ㣬˵ɡ
һ󸹷̣ûа취ֻܰ̾һ̤ɵĲǰȥˡ
ϣº׷ֱʹأ
һԿţ¶ֻЦݣιǰܸŵһôںˣǸһսĻᡣǶ֣ӮҲûʲôùʵģ
ݺݵصһۣ°ޡ
꣬СӾͻ˵侮ʯ
ţֽĿ⳯ħ׿ķ϶ʱһĽ֮ɫذʵ˫طǸȥܰſ¡
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һĽʺޣ˲һʱ䣬˱ֻֻصʵݳЦݣֱҡԴ̾ѡ
ӵ࣡
ųصĲ̨ȥӶڲͣضţݳֻ޾ĳЦ
ˣ˫ԿʼгϿһУҲҡҡͷ
䣬˱æһͷ˫ֺʮݳͣðţͷһ˿ӦսûС
龰ݳʱЦ϶Ǳ֮ɫħڳڣҲȫ̲סЦ
ʵãսûУ̫û˰ɣ
³̲סһ飬к޵ֱۣԦ˸صԴ
ʦҲ̫趪ˣҲһ㰡
ǻһаЦݣݳоһһۣЦãɫʶ̧٣ӽͷһɣ
ৣ
ֻһ֣һǿķӭ˻ûӦô£һ̨ӡ
عȴǷ֣Ƿͣȴû֮ģȫ»ġ
һħʤгϰĳڣԼҲûʵʵ̫ˣ˫ϣǴδֹϾͬһȼţ֮
ΣħǸ̥ˡ
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ѾȻסҲ̫ûڲˣ
ԦڵӼȴǰһԭͿԱ˰ȥҲԣ򲻹ܱͺܲˡ
ûпһۣݳһĮ̨ħˣ¶˻һЦ
ʵⶼǰõĲԣͲ׼ǣáȴͷ˶ΪһħھͲˣǺ
ڶԣڵ̨гϵٴбƳһ¡
黺ͥŲǰȥԦڵǵڶӣǲΡΡŲżɬĲսսǰ
ͦǰСһûϢսҲҪйܿǵڶӣݺݻ˻ȭͷӢţֿǸոջĵһˣһģ㣬ոն˰ˣŵ涼ܹˣ軹
صǻһۣаŭ
ߣվ˵ۣѾǳ˸ģȻˣǳĿһһǿҪӢָۣǻѾʱģң
ûǷߺ޵񣬻ȫ¶ԽУĭӺɵƿڴ
·ԦڣһӢۺú˶ǹһ
ηʵǸŭԣš
һ棬Ԧڵڶλߣ̨֮󣬸ǻ龳ǿϢʱһԴٲ¡
û˵˲ſڵأ˸ͶصĴ񣬾Ǳǰһû֣
ս˿һУǱЦЦöӶﻹ֮սԦħڰݸɵ˰
ŵĽڲ٣һأ
³ȫѪӿѲǶֱۣʮ˴ڵ涼Ҫ˰
ҶڣںεأԦڵô
ǵĹһףֻҪܱʲôǿ
ͫ΢΢һԦڵĵȫ۾ؿ̨ϵˣ㷲ոλʦģϾͻˡ
λֵøҲܻ˵ħһף˾Ͷˡ
ԣʱעƵģԦڵӡϾɹϵǵС
۾΢΢һУؿǰһۣЦһϲʶʱӣɣ
˵ţҲһ֣ʱ˻˳ȥȴδô
Ӵӵ𣬿˿޴ʱϲ⣬ʱ־֮УϲشЦ
ԦڵӣҲǰһ׷վ𣬻裬Ц·ⳡԣӮһ㡣
ⲻڳһһؿǣһ󣬲ŷӦȫĵشЦ
ԭԦڵӵĿôֻͣҪž͹˰
³ȻÿҪ۶ˣǻӣҲûһгϢİ
ǺħԦڵĶսһһļУԦڵӣҲȫһأһ̨ͿͷģϣԷԼһ
ħҲȫǣ̧Ÿ߰ͬʩؤһһ֣͸һ֮Ҫжµл
һĻĻ˰˵ĳϵط³ûƢֻʣѪۣ߿Ѫˡ
ǣƳϿһУȴԽԽԾһʼһıģɵضħڷ򣬵ǴʧɫеãħڵĹơ


638 ̨
ôϣʲô𣿡һˮһֵؿƳϣ
üͷƳ϶ݺݵضħڵķҧгݵɷȻϷֻУߣ
ԣ˸Ӳ⣬׷׿дź֮ɫ
ѵûзһôħԦڵⳡսûһ˵ģ˿Ƴϲɳ̾
üͷһˮؿ˳һۣʧЦ˫̫ûдսȻˣ
ǰ̫սȫһˡ飬˫ϣǴδ֡Ͼÿ˶ҪƴȫΪӦõ棬û˿ƿش֣
۾΢΢һУƳϲɳ̾ΪϷһʱûħڵĹթߣ
һ㶣ˮֵؿƳϣʵϣһֱ˵ħڵĹƣʲô飿
ѵǻûħڷˮ
һƳϺ޺޵ǲԦһӣҪǵսһֶʱȫԸ
ʲôһˮ˳һۣԦڵĵһϳͿͷ˰νֲЦˣ˴ˡ
ǵ׼ħ˿ɲһס˵ЩħͽԸ壬һ˿飬ǫ̂飿⣬ǰźõģڵĲԣ
һƳҧгݣЩħС뼷ѹڣǵף
ԣ˲׷һɫ
ǸɿһһЦߺߺߡħ˹Ȼ޳ܣЩĵ飡
ʦִԲӣֻùƿսֶѣʲôģңǱͿǷǣոջ侮ʯŭҲ֮е£ħ޹ذɣ
ͻȻһ֮һ㶣ת׿ȥȴ˵֮ǳɡ˼ȫ΢΢˵ͷ
ǰǵȷúܹ֣ѹħڻһŭ֮£תǹͷָǣ
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ϵŭɫҧҧ޵ʦãΪҪЩħС˵òỹΪСӰɣ
һǣһ벻ǣ
΢΢һ̣̹ȻϣҵĹʽۺʱεأں־أҶԸվһߣ벻ң׿ϵ˵£ǵжԣʲôֶΣֻҪƻ򣬶֮С·ʹ˼ԽУҿñӡо˭£ҳǶῴģ
²һݣؿ˳һۣ˼ã΢΢˵ͷͬ
ȴͷֱҧгݵʦãô˵СҲ£ǲǾͲٵˣ
ᣬԶᣡ
ǻһȻĻȣ磬ƺµĻУǲ˽ǰ˶ʤٶȣռкܴƣҲ˺ܶ౰ֶΣּ˷ѪſΧȴԼһãƷҪߵĶ࣬Ӧȡ˵λáǾã龳Ǻã
࿴һۣŮȫ˼գգ۾ֻһ룬ҩƷʸߣô룬㹫ƽڼ䣬Ҳȡ߰ɣ
ǺǺǡʱϵˣƶôġֻǸʱ˵˱ٶȣȻٶȣҩƷʸΣ
ףɵˣ㲻˵Ŀľǰ˼ôõһᣬôͻȻˣһ㶣գֻˮĴ۾һԻ
ŮҲֲ⣡
ЦһȻ䣬Ӯ̹ΪȴôʱҲʧȥһûᣬЩСԹͷ룬ĲΪĿģֶΣԭ򡣵ʱұ֪˲ƶ񣬵һˣ
²һŮԣңң׿ʱȴһã֮ɫ
׿ɵ£һأ
ȴ÷ζҪըˣǴԲô׿ˣѵͲ
еŮ˵㲻ˣǸ˶Ҫһˡ
ˣǽ㣬ǺӮ𣿡գգ۾ŮҲǾ۾š
һЦǵͷȻ
Ǹôˣ𣿡
ǺǺǡ˵ҲţʱΪѾɱˡţǰĽøҴŲ֪ԭ׷һǱΪˣ
ôܣ
һŮɵˣǲӦǳ
ݸһЦȻʶӢӢ֮˵ħֺûϧ֮أ˵ǿɶһʦ
ǣħбעִ磡Ȼǻû˵꣬ƳƺȻȥˣﱻȵ
ʼ磬ǲ˵ˣŮҲȻ̾˿ǿ׿ȴ˼
һ棬ڱĵؽţһħ̨֮߰վԦڵȥͿͷģȻħ֮һ˦ְˡ
һʼΧ˻ЦĲϣˣҲˣеĸ˹Ƿ
ʵ࣬ѾⳡԣܳΪǶսǻİʦ񻹲ࡣҲֻпա¶ЩվߣȥԺֹУҲƾչĽͱӿ纣Ԫɻ֣ܶ
ڣһԣ׿ͻܶˣҪϳˣ
ߣһȺ˰˵ȥǿʲôԦڵ磡ŭһһĵؿʦǣ
ţһλսʤĽ۾سˡ
Ѿַĳĥľ³ϣͻϳϣĹâܣԦûõһأеϣˡҿɲһֶսǱˢ˹ͷ
ʦİɣˣҿɲǰûõļһһһֶò˰֣ܲЦһ˵š
ڵӼˣȴ˲ɫٿһ׿мƲƲ죡
һصߴ򣬾ӮҲûʲô˵ģʲôҪǳ鵽СӣҲһ磬ߣ
һ֪ܳ鵽ǱӲӲ磡
׿վǸ̨ȥϹžûʲô˵ġ
ɷȴǼȳѵ׿һҪѹסŪ
֪ˣͷŸˮôʲô˵ģмƲƲ죬׿ÿɷذ˰̨֣ȥ
ɷȻԵõıӰ㷣Щ
Ȱģ׿ܼУľߣһշ磬ҶҲһֵģ
֪ʲôƲһˣ
ɳ̾ɷҡҡͷһָ̨ϵǴӱϿǻ֣ԷǾŵˣֻпͷĵķݶǵȻշˡٿǸܣ׿ʱһǷģ˵Ǽȥ𣿡
һ̧ȥȻǻһģʱһ׿·µһƵģ˵бɵһŭ
ܣҡͷ˫ȭ˽
ҧѾ̫ţ̨ϣҲ
˵Ƿᣬû취ֻϣ׿ԣλĻСˣǵļƻҲһ룡
ɷ˫ֺʮһ֮ɫ


639 ʧ
ϳˣ
׿Ӱһ֣Ϭ̨϶˹ȥֻħͺֵܣעųϵĶһصĿ⣬ڴӰУ˫ͫɢ̽Ѱ֮ɫ
˪Ůڿ̨һ˷ܣĿ͵ؿ·Ǹˣ
Сӣǰħڶǵ裬ӻȫϣҪ־͹ãӳ鵽ͬһɣ
ս̨ϣǻܸһ̨ͼ£һſ׿Ƴ
ħ˼ˣ°һ׳գ
ɷȴһа׿һҪס
ң׿ľ֮ߣ֮ȣǳ˿ɱȡǸǷᣬ׿ɫƽвһ˿
龰ɷ˲١
ͻȻһ¶׿üͷ壬ʲôٻ㣬͵ת׿ڴ֮У̲ͫסض˶
һ㶣ڴ룬֣ؿ׿ѹûһۣλã¸ŭǳ
֪ߵغСӣֻؾѣѵ㾹ҲҴǲǣ
ţɫһһСӣʮУȹӾ֣
ܵĴԶԶȥش˶Уȴһۡ
һվظ֣һǰʲôͷ⡣ȥǱ߳䰡ߣӲ
ħЦſһУ°׳գҪСȳ֣ûˣ
ǣս̨ϣûһ㶯
׿·ס˰㣬ֻɵϴ۾һֱڴؽ磬·ѰʲôȴôҲҲ
ܵĻҲȫûڣֻôվţһ·ɵһ
龰˲ȫסˣɷҲһĪ֪ԡ׿ôˣȻ۸̨ϿһЩ飬ҲûƵֵزɣȻľ׮һô£
жźɣҲЩĪ˼ĻȻ򣬼Ц֪ߵغСӣӵɵ˰ɡɼˣҲˮģӿǸԭˣ
䣬ܶƴţȫ»ɫĹâ֣سһֻõľӰӡǵأǽ֮УҲûƺȫأ
˼ˣ󾪣ؿһۣƺһµʶ
ͫ΢΢һ˱˴˶һۣҲ¶档˵һǷģϾԦڵһӣȷʵѧġ
ʵѾȥݳվʱˡϧǣεĶǹ׿ܻһߵĻӮû൱󰡡
ϧǺǣû
Żһ緢ӣ֪׿ʵˣֻһͬҡҡͷ
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·Դʿһ㣬׿ǿʱܿƵ뱬
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֪һǿȭ׿Ϊ֮ʧءʧصԭ򣬾֮
۾΢΢У׿ǰе⣬ʧڱڵֽƽϢظ
޵Уǳˡͬʱ˴ķӦֻǴˣ˭
׿ü³һ


640 ͣ
һľڳȫɵؿųǹ°Ӱ翴һӵӳް㣬ֻĿ־塣
ЩӣǳҲһ
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ħھ˿µĹĹսʵ̫ûȫˡǵˣԹսĳҲһ
תۿ˿ûУƮƺȻ񲣬󺰴е³ϣƳǱֹסر󷢺
ˮǾˣǵӼ𣬼ֱţ
ǳǩʱӶֱȨ˭ȰңҸ˭ڵһλӣ̲ס˶촽ΡΡص
Ӽˣ˼Ҳͬص˵Դ
ʵǿҲͰˣؼĺ˼ٶˣ̨϶սҲֻɱ̨ϵĵзӡ
赹ãɱ̨ϵģ˼̨µĵӣ϶Ź̫ײˡ
һˣ˿׿񣬱ͬһֻ¶±ֹס
סħʦ֣˾ηʥһʿĭ૳
Ƥ̲סħ˭֮ҪȥˡߣΪҲ֪ոյ뷨ڸôǸͷ˰ɣ
䲻ֱͷȻ
һ߰ħ˿׿Ҹȥĵϸкι֮
ڲҲȫˣǸܹڵλˣѹħʦֻӹעˡ
뵽ؿһۣظ
ڶԾҪǰλСܱܿͻħڣȥ䵽֮УǶ˵ɾʧ̫ˡ
ڸսУ˾ܹøڵһзڣħʦֱˡ
ת׽ضħݣɫ쳣˫ֻʱһ£б㲻̾һ
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ҡҡͷħһħһһԵһɽһԵһͬȻ޷ȽϡʵĻСһȭҲѾ
²һݣ֪ȻħԸ׽Լһֱ׷ѰĶֱͣȴȻʵȻЩڵһŵ֮ϡ
ҲҲвɣ
뵽̾һĵ˫ᣬҪ츲ˡ
һ棬λӿǰĳѾòپãһݵصԴֹ̾
ƻˣڴȣһҪסǰλǲСӵȭͷĻбƳλֵһۣƷĳ
ɴصԴ
ڼʶ׿һȭ֮ǿҲСκνӴˡԭСӵħڸǶʱûǷﰡ
Ļһ㣬ǾȻСˣ
뵽˱˴˶һۣЩ꣬ǴѲǰȻﶯ֡룬ԼǼһ
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ս̨ϣгҲһؿ׿öû˵һ仰ƺ뿴Ѿʲôһ
ڣǳϻ˻˻֣ȵ˴ڱԣͻ״ͣսϷǰȥʾλ֮аšλӸ۹Ĵɢ˰ɣ
Уϣܾôˣ
ʱһâȴ³ϵƮԦʮλӣһлɱôôˣ
ԣгϺ΢δ˵ħڵɷֺ̨̤ȵ̨ϱԣۣʲô˲ģҪô˵˫ɴ涨ҵ㵽Ϊֹˣ˭Ҫɱ֣һһòãҪĻ˭軹ȫԸгŵӵʵ
ƨЩ̨̨±ɱģ
ŷƨ׿һǫ̃̄ϳģɱ̨ϵĵӡֻ̫󣬽粻ȣ˲Ų̨µӵġҪֵĻ͹粼̫ͼನס˫Ժɷһͦìͷ˫Ժ˫Ժѡ
Ȼ³һ֪ͣηˡ
гȴҲһ飬Щεؿ˼ô˵Ҳģɷԣ³ô
ǣ˭뵽һڱԣǿʵĵӳְҲѳôһﰡ
ңȻѾǹֺαضһͨôص֣Ҳʵɧúܣ
ؿ׿һۣйҲҡͷ̾λȻȥɣϷѴλһλһġѵ˵˫ԺҲŲ
²һݣ˲ٷֻõͷӦǡ
Ȼ˼˫ԺӶ˳ټƽȥǸ˫Ժȥˣǿܲ
Ǻֻʣһ³Ȼ뿪ˣֻǰֶ񶾵ص׿һۡ
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ֻǴΧû˺ɷ̾һεؿ׿ְʱҿҲͦȵģɱʱҲǲõʵ¶һ˿ˡô˳ס˼Ͱ㼤ŭ֣Ҷһ㵱ʱĺŭ𣿡
СӸոƵҺҵûôע⣡üͷһ׿ÿɷ
ˣȴЩˣȻвŭôУǰμӱԵĵӶˣѵǵĲ𣿡
ǵǣ
ҡҡͷ׿ת׿ڴǸ䣺ңһȭҲΪǸ˰׼ģ䣡
˵ţ׿һ˼ˣȴǲȫˡ
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ͬһʱ䣬սУȺ뿪һλŻ۵꣬ǹһ˿Цݣ뿪
ৣ
һɫӰ¶һݿʵΣǻǰЦʦܣһ첻ӰһΪȥˣԭڱԵİǺǺǡôһ㣬ڵĸֶսÿڻͻȻעڵĶˣ
ǺǺǡʦˣҲڶսģֻ˵ģ
΢΢һ̣ǻ¶ȻЦݣʦ֣㻹ǵǰ죬ͻȻļʱ龰𣿵ʱҾ͸еˣĶּ֣Ȼˣ
üͷһЩֵô𣿡
ǰҵ
Цŵ˵ͷǻ˫֮ͫâһ¶˷֮ɫȻϣͬˣ˰ޣʥ֮ڵҲˣע֮У
ͫ˶겻ؿһۣʦܣһǵһμ˷ܵӡ
ȻΪֵһսĶô
˿ǻ죬ĵ޶գɽ޶ͬȼޣҪʤŻݣ֮Сʦ֣ǸˣݵһŵţʦҪˡŶӦ˵ֻעһս޼䣬
üͷ̲ס˶ؿǻһۺ󣬼ᶨص˵ͷϲ


641 ε
ʹʹ죬Ǻ״ֱȡ谡
һ磬ɷЦŴصŵСԺһӣŵɷ͹ɷˣҲǲݸһЦϲ⾡ԡ
׿ƿֵ߳ؿһۣĵôˣѪˣ
ٺٺ١ȴѪˬаЦһɷۿ˿ȺСأϽӷһ½յʤʵ
Ҫ԰ھ͸԰ںˣЩСǲ½磬ˡոͻƵΪó⼸úȹһ£
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ҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡֪Ҳ֪Ǳȥˣܸ

һͣɷʼ磺Сӣһ˺޵ĸƵġб˭ϻ˵֪Ӷɨˣߣ
ǺǺǡɷСʲôӺģֱ˵ɡ㲻˵Ļҿɾ˵ˣʱɷļЦ
һԣɷӿɲӦˣ˵飬ԽŸʣ
˴˶һۣ˿ɷģƵʹ˵ʷһ㣬ȫЦҡҡͷ
Сӣƽʱûʲôãϲ񫣬Ǿȥɣ
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ʲô˫Եˣһ㶣׿Ҳһݡ
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˫ȻΪһ˳棬ҲʵĪˣɷҲǵ˵ͷ׿ȻЦ
üͷ΢΢һ壬׿ֵѵ˵¾ôˣ
ȻôҵʱѾ˵ˣ̨ϳ֣ԵǻܣЩԦڵӲȫǱನģûϵһ㣬гϵҲֱԲ䣬ʵ˫һִ£ȻΪǣɷȻ
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ԣҲݸһЦЦҡҡԴ
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һ㣬Լ˶ԣ
˴˶һۣղٴδЦ
Ȼʱһȴأ𣺡׿׿ˣ˪ץˣ
һ㶣̧⿴ȥȴһٻӰżæŵȴɡ
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ҲЩɣ׿̧ǰס˴ҴҸӣʲô£˵
׿ˣǸճű㱻һȺӵϷ˪סǣȣڹѾץˡżæţעЩ硣
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׿˵ƺǿвţʧٴһǰĻһֲ䣬е֮ɫȫ١ڣ񣬶Щ֮С
η۶ɷʧЦһãѾͷ϶ܴ̼ɵˣ˵ӻ
ˣˣھȥ˪ؿһۣ׿оһͷ
ɷˣȴһ㶣ι̫Ź˰ɣ㻹ȥ
ǣ׿ûĻ㣬һ֫طϸ߿գתʧ
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֪ɽлƫɽУüͷһɷЦ̾Сӣո˵󰡣
˵ţ˱˴˶һۣȫطˣ˿Ϊ׿İΣǡ
һ棬һУ˪˫΢գһ񾲵ɿһôǰͬһλ˯˰㣬
ܣһ㵭ɫĹ֣һֻһ׶೤ĵɫΧϵط裬ɫԡ
ৣ
Ȼ˪˫͵֮ͫǳض䣬һĲһɢʱ㽫ȫ飬Ȼر۾·˯һ㡣
ֻ͵һӲ£´󺧵ؿ˪ϤСŮ޾ʲôˣϷȻ޷ʶסֻܽ裿⡭⾿ô£
ˣ³ϵɣ
ǰʱδԳ̬֪ҪҲӳ
ɷǼһһ
Ϊ³ϵ꣬Ҳ쳣꣬޾ʵĵ֮ε


642 ͫVS
ݣ
һƿ׿㱵ƬֵϿգָ£Ѱ·ÿһ䡣
ٺٺ١ˣϷʰСٰŮȥᣬߣ³ϲЦһʧֻ˪ɿڴԱߣһƬƽ֮ɫ
׿Ͽһ·ۣ̽·һСȻһָ·Ĵԣãؼ˪
ǺǺǡһãЦһ׿ǻĪĻȣһ³˹ȥȻˣȥɣ
ৣ
һ׿䵽˵ϣ̧ȥȴ˪ڴԣԲѡ
һȻ׿Я˪ȥ۽ⲻʱţ̽ƣȴһֱһа컡ȣЦ
ˣ
Ȼ׿˻δ˪ǰһεĲȴǶȻĿռţһɫĻ𣬶ǰĻ㶸һ䣬˲仯ΪһƬãã磬ʲôûУһߡ
ߵҲǴνȻܿʧˡֻʣ׿һ˶ѡ
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üͷһ׿ЦȻǸ壬ոʱ򣬼Χ޲ۼþӦΪɣ
֪廹̤СӣȻŵúܣ
ͻȻһϵĴ׿ֻһ㲻мƲƲ죬ĵ³ϣĻ֣ȻСﵱնӶ𣿡
мƲƲ죬³ϲÿɷ񣺡Σ˭˫ԺλϷ򲻺ǿֻüˡȥʱҼŮƺ׽ûǣȥˡһŮ֪ģԻȴϷѽúģ
Ŷ˵˪
Ȼص˵ͷ׿˿¸һʥŮƿʶ;ɨһࡣֱײǹˣԵ
²һݣ³΢΢ͷȻԭˣϷţһ壬졣һȻͬ졣СӣհܸϷ򣬾ͲϷŮץȥúоһ𣿱ϾҲǸţ
оƨһˣо
΢΢һ֣׿¶аЦݣӽռȻҸܣаܡˣйܵģ
ԣ³ϲɴЦһÿСӣ߬ţƾʲô˵ҪϷ
ѾǱӻٵģٻԪҲǶһˣûʲô˵ģ
䣬׿˫ȻչɢɵĹ㣬ƮܣаЦͷӣ֪þչǻþʵʡӰչһۣһþ԰ΣþȻƣ
˵ţ׿ȶ򣬹۷䣬³ϼˣȴЦмСӣ֫ͷԼ򵥰Ӱȷϡ棬ֻ֮ˡϷѻ٣Щ۶޷ڣþֱǣͽ޹ˣ
Ӳһͣ׿üͷ壬ɫ˲·ҲŷӦһ
㽫˫ջأֱۺâʢŭߣþǼ٣ȭͷ档þʵĻϲóģҽһƬطˣþƲƣ
һ׿ͫһųâǿһȭݺ£
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һ췢һҵȴƽһâǽԼӸ˳ȥ³һѪҺ
ͷ˰ɣСӣǿҲͻϷĻþ³ٴε
׿վ˼ҡԴܣ֮ⷴһǻþҵȭһˡȭþƣ
ţ׿ͻȭֱ͸񷡣ǣȭͷڿУȴһռ䲨󣬱أط˻ʱԼٴλˡ
ȭĹ׿Ȼ˺ۣԼòˣ
³һԿаЦȳСӣǿҲˡϷ磬ɲ
ͬǵеޣС³ҧгݣ
ţΧռٴһ䣬ΪһƬѪɫ磬׿Ľ£ҲرһѪء
ųƵĹ˷˷ϵ£ǧĶ׿ƽȫѪ죬ãֻɢа뱩壡
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׿
һˣ׿ɱĵˣʱ
̲ͫסһ׿ɴʧɫ૳ܣⶼǻþҪȫ飡
һ׿Ȼ̧۰򣬾ҪһǣӳȭͷֱȴأȻץסˣʲôסһ㡣
ͫһ׿ת׿ȥȴһֻֻӣڲϿʳֱۡ
ǿۣȻ˲䱻г˰׹ǣͷûˡ
۲ŵҡԴ׿ܣǻþġ
ǰǻþڻþˣʵҲǺǺǡ޾Ĳ䣬ִ³аļЦ
׿ŭĿӣϴһڿڱʳʹ࣬ȴûа취ֻʹвֹ
ȻԼһɣȴһ˿ʹھ֮УҵȳѪ֮Уûȥʧ
һ棬ǿô£׿Ӻö˶˵˫ĿգüͷһʹģֽŲɵö˶ȴû취
һֻɫĺתתɫӫаĴЦٺٺ١ɵСӣ´ˣһʼͲ´ˡϷε֮УǻþԸþһ׷ϷΪ޾Уȫûκõģ
ϾǸУϷܲٿһСƴӶȭͷҲлȭʵ޹ءֻһصģʵ֮ҲˡΨһͬǣеҲϷٿŵġϷҪʹԱԦʮ֮𣬺ߣ
ǺǺǡ̫ϧˣûǸˣȻڴʱһЦȴǶȻ
䲻һε겻˼ؿ·Ǹجеӣг㡭ˣ
û˯Ź
ʹɫչ׿ǻһЦݣ۾һаЦؿεȷǺϡٵܴ꣬ԷһֲϧӣϿˣ
Ȼһ³Ĵ˿ܻԼɫĻûɢôܣȻϷѹˣ
ǺǺǡûҵĻôӦ˵ˣӴû˯ŹмƲƲ죬׿ǻصĻȣӿʼȫʧ
³ϼˣʱʧɫԡ
ڲԶһ׿ӰȻؿһôԣЦ֮ͫУɫĹ⻷
³ε⣬֪ʱѱһεĽ硣õĿռ䣬ˮһ㣬ڲͣš


643 
ͫأÿգ
һȣ׿ͫһط˹Ľ⡣
ͬһʱ䣬³϶پضڲͣضԭʵգأرһͫѪ£Ŀ£ȽȽ𣬷·һֻа۾ڸ·һ顣
³Ϻһɵؽŵ⡭ǻþѵеģϷ𣿡
ˣϼһ
ƿۣ֮һаĴЦ֮ǰȻҵĻÿ֮ǰԣʱ˿̣ӵҪģ㰡
̲ͫס³ϲ˼ܣʲôʱϷ֮صģ
ôͲҪ֪ˣ
ǻһаЦݣ׿ǰȻʧεЦѪӤżĹЦವһɵ׿ϣһۣ޾
ʵϣ׿ָ䵽Ƭ֮ǰǰųѪӤ̽ȻڲԶҵ³ϵꡣ
㽫ƾͼƣԻÿ֮ƬӪһþԼӰ䵽ʵû֮䡣
³ϳ֣ΪԼıóʱԻÿս֡
ʼգһеһжǻ³ΪԼӮˣȴʼձ׿Ļþƣһζѡ

ͻȻ𶯣˷һ߰쳹ءţ¡һѿȻӭڷɣЦ죡
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Ҳ֤ˣϻʽĲ򵥣µúܡĸվߣ˲Խ뻯ּĲࡣ
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648 ɭ޶
Ԫ󰵺ϻ֮Ȼһ壬ؼ汸ǻֵ֮⣬ȷ档һڣ뵽ʽǺǺǡۿ̨ϣﵭͷ޵
ħˣȴǲÿɷƲƲ죺ʽҪҲܸߣǳġȲߣǼΪԪ֮塣ˮǽ壬Ůǻ壬Ůľ壬ϴغأΪУغΪһ壬˻Ȼ֮һ˵ĻתȻ֧飬䷨
ǰȷҪܸߣ޷˿ʹעʵ˶ԣȴһɱػѡ˫Ժɣ
Цŵ˵ͷͻȻһָǷЩɻף˵ŮˮƲ񣬽ˮˮľˮ嶥жȻνӣΪȴ·ִĵĸо˵Ĵغ֮ϣ
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ģ˱һ˦֣ش̨˲ûϢ
ͥŲ̨ʵ̫ˡɷȴҧгݣģ顣Ѿƭǰ˷ˣһҪǸۣ
İɣɷĶսǿɶʮþˡϾԷûһ֡ܲܣһϻʽɣ
Ц׼ϳɷҲ΢΢ͷΪǡ
ǣӰƳϵǣȴһаĻȡ


650 ȡ
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ңңŶԷǵӰ֣Ƴḧ룬¶Ϻľ𣬵ӣ֮ǿֵĻȨϷҲȥˡǡǺǺǣϷжԵ֮ߡȥǵĺ⽣̨ô졭
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һаЦݣŶĿǣ촽΢ȴǲֻﴫ
Ǽˣȴ̲ͫס¶쳣֮ɫţüͷ˼ã̾гϵҡȨ

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׿һ֣սڵʱû˰ɣǺǺǡսϯϵΣǻȻЦݣ԰ɣ䣡
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ɷȴǲסˣȻһŭؿЫаѾнҩóûˣһǡ

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΢΢˵ͷ׿Ҳһ£֣µôֻʹҵĲܷˣ֤䲻ˣ
۾һɷһŶ㻹вܷ˵
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̲סһ飬ɷʱһŭʹ˫Ҳܲס׿Ĳܷޣ˭˵Ҫڵģĺ׳أһ·ˣʲô

ش˸Ƿ׿ÿɷ񣬻תȥȥ
иĵµŽأйЩ
棬ǲôˣܴϵڣѾﵽĿģ˺аµЭˣڣǺǡԼ취ɣ
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Сӣû꣬Ժ˵ȳȥݺһ׿ɷһת뿪ˡ
׿ÿɷνƲƲ죬ǾڿǲҴţҲҪСظ뿪ʱ׿ȴͻȻ뵽ʲôʱ˻ȵȣǣ㣡
׿ܼкηԸֱ˵ǣǸæ߽һݵ
˰֣׿һͻɫһ࣬ĿڵǣλӦúɣĻ㲻ΪðȨ
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ˣ׿ЩĽûûεľ񣬲Ҫôǡ
ˣȥɣپ˻֣׿뿪
΢΢˵ͷٹһݣˣû߼ֳһ£ת׿س׿ܼңо仰Ҳ֪˵˵ħĲȻȲԬˡһ㣬ġǾǵʱѡħǲ뱻ô֪ôģҾǰԼסˣֺαأǹˣ°Ĳ̫࣡
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δϣҿӣ˵Ӳ̸ֱдȻ׿üͷ˼ʱһǱԹشĶС
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ŶԭǴȵˣһ־ͰȥĵİмƲƲ죬׿֪ǴĿģЦһҡβ֮Ȯó̬ǰһצҧˣûԸ㰡
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Ȼ׿䣬ŭȴһǳ깫֮ڣһȴǰ׷С

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лħڣСӵ˵ףӲ߳ȥߣһЦ׿¶һаЦݣתˣĵ߹ݣǸһϣ

һУȫ˷쳣ֿһսλ׿ܼҪٴγˡ
ߺߣڵǸСӣѾˣ
һ棬δڻȥ·ϣһ󴺷⣬δϸֹסؽ볤ϣСӲûʲô˲ô֣ӦӦȫɵסˡɽֶЩӳ֣ҲûüǵĵǶǵˣ
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ϧǴ˷̽û̽Ȼһͷ޵ŭˣ׼ҧǡ
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΢΢˵ͷƷ嵭һΣȴһϷʽɽĸ֮Ӹͣ·ҡضǴֵ֮ȴһй֡׿ǿǿӲӲĻԼᱻƵһԣûκá׺ϻʽᲢã汸޴ְ
ǻһĨЦݣЦŵԴȷǺ鷳ĺϻʽ֪ΪҪתϷʽ𣿡
Ϊ£Ͼзա׿һȭ֮ûҲšǹ̫ǿȫܲסĻһһԼڣǵ³Ϊ˱ѡй֮ƷɫĮ
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ȻڶЦţҪ˽׿ʱ˵һأȻ𡣽ţëҪ飬ȴǺɵģأȻˣ

һѵȻ׿֮ڣռ䶼ڲͣɽǷųȥɫǿһײ׿ϡ
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̲ͫסݺһ´󾪣ˣǰ̩Ȼ׿ǲ˼֮ɫ
ɫǿɫ֣ҲۿɼٶѸѣӳǰ𶯷ΧǰǵȻޣɢҡ

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ûǾ׿۾һһϣͫǻһĻȣ΢̤ȻǶ˳ȥգۼ
ȻһҪܣ׿ǾǿұǻΪצݺݵֳȥͬʱ֮ͫһƿգҪԮĴɽƿ
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۾΢΢һУ׿Цһצ֮ϣֳ˹סŵɫ׹ը죬ԭǿצҲ쳣Ϭ

һ췢ܵǲ̹⣬Ǳ׿˲˺飬ͬʱ˺ģдֽһ
ѪɽƬɣֵӣʱ׿һצ֮£Ϊ飬ɢڿС

Χˣһ̲סгҶͫһ׹âɢ˷֮ɫȻûǡ
һ˽׿̤˲۽Ǵɽǰ
Ŵ촦ӣɽŵûɢҪȾܡǣܵù׿
׿ǰûа취ֻһҧƴˣ
ɽӰɽ־ɽӣ
䣡
ɽһȣ˫ƣһ췢ɫǿӿ֣ʮɸɽ׿ѹȥƵġ
Ҫʵˣһ˾̼ѹ࣡
ϧߵǣ׿
װǿĳŵ׿ֱ³ǰŪ󸫣
΢΢һ֣¶аĻȣ׿Цһұ۹âţһȭ
䣡
ͬһ쳹صؾ췢ɽɫâո׿ۣ纣̲ϱ˳ɳһ㣬Ȼ飬Ϊǹʧ
ǹǿ磬һɨɽ壬ӱʧˣֻһƬѪˮڴϣʣ۳ɺӡ
ңңȥǾһ֣ң


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ɽֶڶսеı֣ĿõģǾʸܹھӢӵĴڣҲսĴڡ
Ǿˣ׿֣ȴǲһغϣ˫˫𣬻˼£ǵѪڵƴ֣
׿˿ֲʵڳ˶ѡ
Щǰ׿һȭ֮ˣʱҲ̲סٴϾһȭ׿ʶ֮£ҳһȭһսʵչ֡
ֶֹ似ƵЩۿ̾ѣĿһ£
Сӡÿμһ̥ǵĸоñǰ̬ˡ⼸ֹڿǴ򲻹
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ߣʲôв֪ηǰǽе֪ѣмƲƲ죬ƷЦ
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ǣеһУǵӹδϣɻʲô֪أ
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Բһǿ鸡ΣԾˮ˺ܶࡣСӣǱȴлҪµöడ
ۿ̨ߴһٳ̾棺Ȼ棬׿ķǱѰǶ˵ʵУҲδж˿ʤȴ
УĶĶС뿴ģüͷ΢΢һħƺ˵Ĳʹҡҡͷ٣ڿ궼ûأ
üͷһﾪꣿһվѾ۳𣿡
ϻû꣬ƾʲô龳ֶ
ΪбԪħƾžǿƾⲫȡʤĿǰΪֹĻ۾һУɫ
бƳƳħ̾ʵɣ꣬Բһ㣡
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΢΢˵ͷǺܿҡҡԴ̾һô˵أ˵ɣҲ˵ûɣҲûʱֻ¶һ꣬һ룬ҪҵǵеӵĻͶˣ
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ƺеɻ׿ÿɷЦЦȻ󻺻̧ͷŹâǰȻΪǸոѾˣϧʧ˶ѣǺǺǣ
˵ţ׿ͻͫһδǲ˼Уֺݺһ󣬵ҵıŹâر˷飬ʧ
ӽ쿪ʼ֮׵λӣҪһˣ۾΢΢һУ׿ĳ
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ҲλӴʱҲѱ
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СӣԼ
ЦҡҡԴ׿·𿴴һ㣬ЦûӾ㣬ӿк֮µķݶϣһᡣսĹأʱ֮󣬽Żٴδ򿪣ʱʤƽ֣ս㲻˵ǶϤôǾ͹ԹԵֻС󣬹͵ضʱڱҵǡèɾǷڵˣ
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֪ΪΪ֮ΪǡվŽǶϽ벻ӮĶֽ˱ᣬʵȷ֮ߡ
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ͫһ˵ʱ´󺧣һ֪ͣǺãҪˡЫһЦؿһΪģ

˿ǵܿܵ˴ȸҲܲסһ־ͽԼȸˣһֻȼQǰܡ
ЫˣЦһָٵһ䵽һϡ
ǺոһĳˣһȺһԼѡɣ
Ƥ̲סһ飬ɬЫһȻӣʹǻģ¶аЦݡ
㣬ͷʱ䣬˾ǽԼ֫һһնϣЫаĴЦУһ㣬䶯ǰ롣
龰սڣҡԴ̾˫Ҳǳ³һȻζ
飬Ƭĸط֡ȻʲôսŰɱ
治֪εħˣ˲пı
ԼĶͷλϾٿʼĿˡˣҲûע⵽ǣⳡŰɱжʼٸ׿ȴǲûв뵽
ħڿʼ׷˵һɲǣ㳹ʧˣ·ѲɽƵġ
ৣ
һƬּ䣬һ˸һ°Ӱȴ׿ɡתܿ˿׿΢΢ͷţܺãӦǼ󷨵äڣ
ţйâһʱóһ龧Ө͸ľʯȴǵʥʯɡ
кɫϢƣʥʯʥʯҲɢԽԽС׿ǴʥʯɢƮ֮ķ۾һ¶ϲ֮ɫǸ򣡡
˵ţһ˸ʧˡ
׿һ·˫Ժļ󷨣һ·ƾʥʯָһ಻ĸɽǰŨȣոǸɽȣй֮޲
ڣɽһ۵ĲɢϢ
Ȼˣݵʥˣ벻ý绤ңң޴ɽ׿һݣͷ
ʵϣԽһɲǣȻɣܾʥ֮ء
Ϊ󷨴ҵȻܹĸ䣬Ȼ˫Ժ˼󷨣Ƥӵ̽ʥڣǲ
ԣ׿ħŰɱΪͷèϷİϷת˵ߣ˼ɵ̽ˡ
ŻᶣڵԸȡʱ䣡
ڣҵеǣҲԽ⿪


661 ʥ
а˵ݵʥֻܿɱ߽ǵһ֣󶼱һǿţʥĸΪ
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⣬ӦúʥйذɡԼѰʥ޵䣬СʣӦЩ
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ϧӣ󷨲ãӿǵʦүߺߣ
ЦЦ׿֮ͫУǷһɫĹ⻷˵ӦñЫǵı򣬹˲˰ɣٺٺ١
ৣ
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׿һƭСĻ壬¶һЦȻйâ˸óһʥʯȥ㿴û˵ɣҵĽָУһԲΨһͬǣ㻹һӣã
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ѽţƣʥ֮Եֵʱѽ⽴˭ܵˣ
һʱ䣬׿ʱ񣬲֪Ǻáǰѳǰһ˲䣬ȴǺһӴ򲻹Զ㰡
֮ͫһɫĹâ˸׿ʱʧٴγʱȻ˰֮⣬³һ
ǰѳһɲǵĹƺһ㣬ԭشȦתתȥ·׿ټȴôҲҲ
׿ֳΣҵķλ˲Ϯǰ
²Ҵ⣬ȴֲӳ⣬˫ԺЩ󷨷֣׿ֻСвͣתλãǳ׷١
ʼղһ֮ƣϾʱˣԪķ̫󣬱ضƶֺѳʥУԶڲȴǲ˿ġ
һ˳׿治
̸ܣûͨٴһͨΣʱûм󷨵ͨӳӳ죡
ţ׿ֱܿһǳ׷֮ͫУǳɫĹ⻷
ͫڶأƿգ

һ죬ƿյǵռ𶯣ʱ䵽һǽϣȴر˻ֻɽͣ𣬽˶ѣ
ͫһ׿ʱ´󾪣ʥѵƿ֮ҲԴ͸ʥĲ谭
ǣȥǵȴٴηɵǰ


662 շ
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̲ͫסһ׿ֺɫͷǺˮ
ʱ˿̣ǰѳȻǰ֮ĿͫڶأƿδɢȥȻתΪλλˡ
Ļ㲻ǳնɱ
Ψһİ취δɢȥƿͨǳǣôأ
ƿǿҲȲ۶˼һᴩƿֹǰѳǿϮأ
һʱ䣬׿˾У·
ǣǳڲƽ׿̲ͫס˶Ҳֻһҧƴˣҽɣ
֪סҲҪԲУ
ţ׿ͫ𻷷ڽ⣬ȳͫڶأƿգ
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һռ䲨׿ͫһε𶯲ʱֱֱĳײһ

·ǽ֮һ㣬ǱأȻһ˻ȥڿתȦʱһʥʯǽС
һ㶣׿ЩɵˣȻ󿴿Լۣ滹մȾѪһӣȻһԱߵǽҳһ
û۱ƿǿô۶סʥӵһƿոˣô£

׿һ˼ţһǽѵǰѳŤһ½ֵسӣ׺쳣׿߳
ͫһ׿ɫ£龰ҵһƿʹ

һ죬ոһ޶ǰѳֱɳȥҡҡ·һ㣬ԭشת
üͷ׿ɻΪǿκβⶫСƿնһһ׼أ
ѵ˵ˣ
ţ׿תоһ⡣Ȼƿܿǿͫͨأ
ৣ
ʱǰѳٴκٵ׿֮ϵɱǰǿʢɢ
۾΢΢һУ׿پˣֻֻϺ㣬ھصף
ڣǰѳɽİ׷Χ֮ڣ׿ͻȻͫһ֮ͫĵɫĹ⻷֣ȳͫأ򣬿𣡡
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ʱ䣬ɽڲܱͣߵʥʯҲڲ䣬ڵϣҲֻ𶯶ѣûǰһɷĩΪޣ
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°ͷ׿ٿǷɵǰǱȴҲⲻϵУͣԭأȫµĽâڴŲ·𷢶һ
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ͫһ׿Ȼţ֮ͫٴתΪɫ⻷ȳͫأÿգ
ˣ
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ߣȻ㲻ΪãҪɱҵĻô⽣飬ҿɲˣ۾һУ׿кȻһɱ⡣
ʥ飬ѳҲн飬ѽԡ
ڣѽĽ鲻ԸҪȫõѽֻܰⲻĽĨɱˡԣûþǽʶ
ʥȱԣϺüΣˣĨɱֻǰǰٷһֻУ
תת׿ͻȻһһѪâϴڷɳʱǳ֮УȴıѪӤɡ
пʼӡ׿ɴһħ󻯾Ϊλ
ৣ
ɫǳ֮˸ѪӤаЦһֵļҲǳзȴǴ˽ԭֻ顣
Ϊ׿ûÿѹʶȻҪȴ޿κΣ׿ͬѪӤһʹħ󻯾ʶֽ⣬ȫΪѪӤϣմ
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أһǰͣڿеĳʱԭྻϾĽҲȾ˲ɫѪƣ˽֮ϣѽأȻ͸˿˿а֮
ÿͨ׿һ֣ǰѽȻС
ؿǽһۣ׿صͷЦӽ쿪ʼһƷʥȴֶһƷʥħСһԺ⽣齣һ壬ӵıѪӤʥǿƷʥħţƵúֻܰϧڵ޷ӳٷ֮һ
΢΢˶ȴͻش׿зɳڿлȦâһʱֳѪӤı
ȻѪӤ˵һӱ׿ڣʧˡ
ɵ㶣׿һ󣬽ʧЦҡҡԴ̾Сһ˵ܲȫʹǰѽ㶼һ𣿡
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ǸôıѪӤԭĽҪöˡƿʥӷĲٰǺǺǡ
ȻЦЦ׿йâһֳʮʥʯԼСǰʥҪʥʯСԺҪһˣ
ৣ
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ʧЦһ׿θ̾ôʥʯӶõʯɣǺǺǡףôʥʯΪθոҪԼͣ
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ҲûϵʱЩߣ͵ˣ
׿޳ܵţ˿ԼѪұۣüͷ壬

һ׿ұ۷ɫĹâϢǣȴֹֻѪѣ˿ڲûκκת
һ㶣׿üͷǡ
Ϊ۵޷أǱʥˣ޷أ
Ͼ۵һˣ׿Ҳ֪о
ˣɣ벻ô꣬ӾҲˣɲñ˿Ȼ¾Ҫ¶ˣ
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ô˵ԭĿģҪ̽ʽġܵʥͰĻȥˣ
֮ذɣɽڵڲȥˣıڣظɽǽڣ׿쿴
ãʵǽ棬·һ㱡Ĥţֹθϣ΢΢˵ͷз֮ɫȻⲼַ൱ȻɣҲһ˿󣬾ͺ񡭡
۾΢΢һ׿̲סһͺ񡭡ųϿһ㣬òͬһˣͬһȼĸֲİɡҪĻ⾹һλۼֵżˣ
ⷲǰʲô£ô˸µĺۼأ
˸Ĳַо¼оأ뵽֮ʵҲΪ
ǰ֮ܽϿΪƴһʽǷ׹طʽйصĻǴҲҲȥˡ
˵Ǽֻʥ޴ʽĴŶˡ


663 
ظǽڣ׿˼ͻͫһɣ֮ͫɫĹ⻷˸ͫڶأƿգ

һβֱǽڵıĤϣȴǷһ󣬱ʧˣǱĤһû
ֻ޾˸ϣ·ڳЦ׿Բ
ɳ׿ҡҡͷ
ʽ̫ǿƿרͨѺһһĿǰʵҪƿݺȫܡǵѷף˵ɡ
ţ׿Ƿ̽ѰʼطǸɽȣֻǰŪңǰܵôɨһ°ɡ
Ǻ޳ܵؽǽеʥʯͨͨװˡ
ţʩչͫһأλλͨ׿һһرܿɰǧļ󷨣ĵˡ
ֻʣǿտҲɽʥʯﱻߵĿտ֮أ·ϴһƵġ
ĳҺû˫𿴵ѪɡʥʯǴ˴˫ᣬҪڽʮǧγɣôûˣ
׿Ҳ˱ڣ
Һãλ𲢲֪飬׿ҲԲֻ֪ұ۵ȴΨһ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ǵһ˵ұۣĵ̾˿
⼸սһ޵УֺұͻȻˣλȻµΪǿɾ鷳ˣ
۾΢΢һУ׿˼Ž֮
ݣ
ʱ׿ӰٴγǸСɽУѲɽˮ㣬ѪأѪȵĳζ
ͬʱһźĵЦֹסط׷
顭
ˣˣˣͶˣǷҰɣ
ѾѾ޵ģ֪ˣȥˣղŵأĲأӲź̹ˣӾͲħڵӣǵĴЦ쳹ɽȣŶа
׿ȥֻһȭУǵһȺүΧһȦڶмһߺߣҲǵϤİȴδɡ
¶鶼ŮԶԶվţǰϻЩ֮ɫ׿ˣæǰݵ׿ܼңˣ
ţСӴסˣ΢΢˵ͷ׿
˴˶һۣŮ׿˿һȺ˺󣬲ÿɷصԴ
΢һϸ׿ܼңڵ˴󲿷ѾǻУֻδһˣݣնɱǺܻ񣬷ΪȺһŰأ
ţˣδСӵȷ˶ˣڹǽ׿ȻͷȴһаĻȣСҲȷúúʰһˣǰװƣٺ١װףˣȺүΧһȦߵôǰһȥ
ղһ죬Ů࿴˿ǳĬԴ
һ㶣׿ԣܿ·뵽ʲôһ㣬ЦǺǺǡ֪ˣŮôӵүǰ˴³Ϊħˣ÷ſ÷ſߣȥţ
׿˰֣ҡڵǰȥǰŮȴɵԴֺ
ףɲƽʱǰ
һ㶣׿ͷֵؿһۣ飬۷ϴˣǹ׺ݾҿǼģôŤŤģȥһŶôس
׿ܼңǰɣ
һһεЦЦָָǰһȦˡ
üͷһ׿¸Ӻ棬̧ǰܿ󣬸ɿһȿȿȡֵǶһ°λãҲһţ
׿ܼһ˰Ҷÿ׿ܼҪԳ˰׿׿֣ǲǰһϱ㳶ɤӸߺȳ
ҲǲЦŸæ㿪ճһƬط׿µȥţ
ǣһɲǣĹ⾰ŵʱ׿ǰ̲סؿһۣԶȺүһɢ󣬱㼱תȥĹ
ڣ֪ΪοʹδʱǶԶԶˡ
ֻʱ˿̣Сһһţ΢΢鴤ţ֮⻹ص㣬ؼǣСӾȻ˰ǹ·ڵϣ»һ̲Ѫ
ؿһۣ׿ЦǼĹİ˼ǹˡ˼ҺôڵôǶսǧ˫۾˼Ժγȥˣ
ٺٺ١ԺͲټˣƼԼţҲ̧ͷˣʱһаЦ׿ߣָָδµƬѪȻ˳Ѫգһ·ָЦ׿ܼң㿴
˳ָķȥ׿ȴͫ͵һãžСǣǿζͦذһƳһۣ׿ϽƲϵӶذڰֵԺ˵ʶҰûô̬ѹôѾͷԶԶˣ⼸ȷһˣ
һԶԶվŵŮ׷׶˶ӣ϶䣬ƺԸйκֻƬ
ڵϵδҲ̲סһ£֮ƺࡣ
̲סһ飬ο׿׿ܼңʲôˣҲû̶ֳ̬ȰⲻΪСʵ̫ſˣԡùӴġ
˵ţ˳һֻմѪľȥ׿æűӼݺݵصһۣߣޣ
ްޣء
ڵϵδϣӣҲ̲סǵһͬ׿Ļ
תؿһۣ׿ҡҡԴЩͬ͵תԴǣȵ̫ˣ֪ʿɱ𣿡
һ㶣˵ʱסˣ˼ؿ׿λ׿ܼңʲôʱȻˣ
ӲһͣδҲ΢΢̧涵ݣؿ׿һۣѵ˵СӲȺ֪ˣ
ǣ׿һ仰ȴǵʱҪݳԼ͵ĳ鶯
ߺߣǶˣһȺħͷӣôܻõȥ
ǾͲܻȻúŪĻʹ࣬һôģ
žһǹĿ׿һӶҡҡͷЦ
ˣһ㶣ҲȫаЦ
׿ܼҾ׿ܼңһҲҪŪ˲ŰݣǵӰЦһظĺˣûôĴô׾ͷŹġһ٣̫ˣֻǰ˵棬ǻкֶܶûóأ
棬Ǹʱ䣬ɲǵŰһѡ
Ŀǰ˵Ч
뵽Լ˴εջ׿ЦЦֿǸ˵ҪŰǸӰŵö߶µӣ׿ֲʧЦҡҡͷ
δϴ˴˺Űһħǻˣ
ܹ˭˭ǰװƣã
ףȵȡ
۾΢΢һУ׿ƺȻ뵽ʲôһԼұۣ˫һִ֪ʲô⡭


664 
ֵǣٺúĥһ꣬Ǿչһۣ׿ָʾᣬȳ
΢΢ͷ˱ȫаЦδȥ
Ӳһδŵȫηη
ǣڴʱ˵һռ䲨˵ǰسһɫ¡ͬʱһϵĴˣСһǣҲֹ˰ɣʱѵħս
ôô죿һ㶣һĪǻûСҲû湻أôʱˣ
ҲЩɺе׾Թ϶Ƶġ
Цһ׿аЦؿһδʺ벿ɵˣõʱǶݣȻʱ䵽ˣ˫ĹأǾְͣɡ֣ô˵Ҳǻ֮׵ڴӣս֮޸ӣս֮ɺһڶԼ߻ȥҸ˲ȥ
α
Ƥ̲סһ飬սеΧˣȫ°һ
ǲʶʲôħˡ޳ܣα̬׿ֱһˡ
δǱһûгֻĬĬشӽָóһϣѵƨŤŤǰ׹ȥȻ棬ವһ㲻Ӱ
˴˶һۣ׿⼸үЦ
ͨ죬ݺһۣÿɷҡҡͷ
ţ׿Ҳ½ǰ׹֮ڣǰºһ䣬Ǳֻص˫ԺĶսϡ
ӭǵĲǻηҼɵɫ
ħڵսûǰ㼤ң෴ȴһߵľ׿£ⳡսǳΪһèϷɱ
Ӧ˵Ϸ
ΪˣǱֱɱģǱġ˵һսħڵĺбɫ
ڴδϣǶͷΣ׿˵пᣬҲʲô³ġ
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ɲֹδ볤ϵĲ£վħ˶档ֻͷԾɵţĿ־Уڵǰˣ̧߰ͷ­ȥһֻֻħӡ
볤ǿԼҹܴ̼ģݺݶŶˣ޵ҧгݣ˫ȭ߬𣬷졣
׿ȴںɹаЦ·˵ͷӣϰ
ɨ˫һۣгϲÿɷ񣬵˴ħսħǰʮˣعˣǰʮˣعһˣԾʤħڣǻҪս𣿽ʱǵĶ֣ڵڶλħڣ
սȻҪս
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˵ͷгٴοħķĳħڣǿԸӦսǲԸӦսĻħԶһ֣
۾΢΢һУƷĬϸϸ˼
׿һ㶣ؿ⡣Сǰ˵Ҫóһôôֳˣ
ӦսȻʱƷȴͻ̧ת׿Уս⣺ǲӦսȷõѡ񣬵ĻһһǱΪǣħֻսĹûˣ
ߣǾ͵ʱơһЦЫĵشȳȴǱ׿˰ֹ֣ˡ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿ؿͷܺãҪ׼Ǿˮ
ߣûҪǷˮһЦƷ߳
ǻһȻЦ⣬׿ÿɷҡҡͷħ˵ħڵ˸ǰڵĲһŲġĶ֣ǾͱˣԴɡ
ôֻǻ龳ҲҪ棿һ㶣ؿħһֵۣ
Цһ׿ĵ㿴ǵ񣬶Ǹ֮־ȴÿĵġǣ͵ǵľˡһʼʹű֮־ϳģ֪ΪΪ֮֮Ⱥźɨȫ̵Ķ鲻ͬЩ˸ϷˣЩ˸þأҲиִ磡
²һݣǵңңħڷȥ
ȻȻڵʵ£ÿ˵ɫȴظöࡣ㿴ԼŰɱЩ˺ǵ۵ȴû˿ӣ
ЩˡȻֵԴüͷ΢΢һ˵ͷɫҲǶʱ
ЩˣǶʱ˵Լû׿ǴʵĻǹҲħڵĵǰ㣬ֻŰԼӵ˫϶˰ɣ
һʱ䣬˽Ǹп࣬һ
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˼ͬһʱ˽ȥ˫Ҳͬʱ룬ٴδ͵ǸСɽʱ˫Ҳͬʱ
СҲϲĵطôӲ쵰͸̨֮ߴ￴һУ¶ȻЦݡ
ħһԿţͫ΢Ҳǲص˵ͷȷħʢСӦſ񡣿ոٴνǽǰȴǹפúƷ룬ȴǶԶԷľˣ
ǰ㾴һ֣һһɣ磬һٳߡǰСָʹħڵŰɱˣûеġֻڳֻħڵĺȴûпڳµſ˾Ͱħ˿ǶħĶžɴ˶ǺǺǡ簡
ؿһۣħͷ벻һӣȻ֪ħӵĿԣҲǲˣ
ǺǺǡΪԲŸҪпŰ֮ġħƫִһҲôƫģ
ʧЦһͻȻħˣҿ׿֮ˣֻǶ˶²ֶͬζ˵ˡ˵ϴβ㱻Ūôǵˣ
⡭£ղһ죬ħÿɷŤԴ
龰ﲻЦһҡͷ
ħ£ȴֲ¡ħһܻ鷳ӣÿϴһߣαα˵㣬Ҳƽ²ǣ
뵽ﲻҡͷħֱŭαƽͣȴ֪˭ħ˭ء
һ棬ڵһɽȣһ׿̤ʱؿ档
üͷһƷһ⣬׿ȴЦһĿڵԭǾ仰ҹѻǾˣǰɣ
̲ͫס˶Ʒɫʱ׿ŭ𡭡


665 ս
ף֣Сӵëôַˣֲ𣿡սУɷһĪ
Ҳһ㶣һؿĻе׿СӲѾħ˱ʾôôˣ˺ᣬװˣ
ս֮в֣Сֵ֣ı֣ôֱںȺƷ˵
ҲˣΪɶղȴȸ˿棬ȻȣҲ̫Դ˰ɡСôģ
֪׿ֲ֣ٳˡ
ұ۱ʥˣһС¶˿˫𿴵군ˡ֣ûôǿ
ǿֲã֣ӻ˵Ļɡ
ԣɴװǻƣٶˣ
ħֿգֱӶϽڵΣǿɱڵӵʵӵļƻӦڳˣҲͲ˱ˣ
ϧ֪ħĸԣȻˡȻǵĵʶǲò˵ʵ̫ݲⳡϷȻ̫ˡ
û취ֻܲˣ
ӣ׿Σĵ׳̾ҡҡͷ
ǺƷ忴һУȴŭ޵ҧгݡ
׿Ѿʲô˼Ҳˣ̭ǣǽһֶм𣿼Ȼˣ˰ոָͣһ½ŲǲУˣǲǣ
ݺҧҧƷ۾΢΢һУ׿һֵģ
ߣ׿ܼҽ֣ȹ˵һݳ˺ƷǰȻսսҲռǱˣһһսŴλ֣Ҳû׿ܼսˣ
ʲôһĳս
ͫһٵǻҪҪһˣҴǻߣ˶ǻصĸ֡ǳսɴվŲǴˡ
죡
Ȼٻδ˵꣬ƷǴһսĻֻߣֻҪֲסǣ˻϶Ƿַӱɱ³Ȼ󣬱ΪԶľ档Ϊľ棬ܳŶã
Ӳһͣٵʱ̾һԴ
ƤһƷ峤³һŵԣ⳵սȻһȴǵģҽܣ
Ǻãаɣ΢΢˵ͷݳǰһ
̧׿һۣƷͻͫһһһ˻һֻʮɸߣȫɢŵɫӫ⣬˫ľʨ˵ǰ
ңʨһ֣¶ر㽵ֱ˹֮䡣
ͫһ˲󾪣ǡƷꣿ
һʱ䣬սеΧˣȫ
һԣ˻ֵǿ֮ìȴҲĵطȫԸƴһеף겻ܵش⣬˲ʹꡣ
ϾһԼҲƨˣ
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û뵽ǣڶսϣƷ徹Ȼһʼͽ˳ȴȫԸˣ
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һˣƷٴͦͦţȵؿ׿
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սУοһĻȻͷһս㲻ΪҪΪ֤㲻κսֻߵøԶ
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䣬ЫͻȻӡٱ䣬ֻʨϱɫĹâһž㣬Щâ˴ʱ㽫ǷʨС
ͬʱЩɫ·ҲͻȻʱһ

ʱ䣬һ޺ֻʨʱǵ˿סǰһͣͣ
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ǰ걻˿ɲһһΣӵอȻ˲ѣܿ㲻ˡ
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ţֻǺƷҲһйᾢǺǺǡüҲЦһóǷдԾ塭


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ΣгʧЦһҲҡҡԴа⣬ħһССڣôôһԵ
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ߣǰܺڱȣ
мƲƲ죬ɷʧЦһ˫̨ʮˣǰǼʮˣһ϶油ȫǸϹ칦ģһϳûáξͲͬˣȻֻʮˣӢ׿һһٸսֶսһ˾ͿԸ㶨
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䣬׿һѽЫӵϣطţû˸ѸپͳЫոʲô˼ǲ׼ѺƷҲ¶ȥ
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۾΢΢һУ׿ԾԼұۣסɵĺܺãҪǸ͸¶һ֡
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£Ыֿ˿һԣ׿µҩƿ˼ȥ
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һ棬׿߳ЫҿûˣԻصԼڣȻ˿ԼұۣѪˮһ죬üɷ־ġֱ۵˾Ȼָ֮һͻѪˮҺøոЫϹʱ䣬ȻĻ¸СֻҪһ֣˾ͱ¶˰
۾һУ׿ֻϺ㣬һԼļƻ˳ء


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ͻȻһϵЦ쳹׿ߣ̲סһһת׿ȥȴһӵͷ֪ʱķ䣬ȻغźеƣЦ·𿴴һƵġ
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һͣ׿Ƥ΢Ӳһ£ЦǺǺǡǰǰܴݹ٣ֱԣܲӭأֻͻȻǰ֣ϲͷ˶ѡ
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мƲƲ죬ÿɷЦЦ˫ϷŰתѪˮɻұϣĵգϷײ˰ɣ
ʱЩ׿תȴʧЦҡҡͷϵǰ˵ﻰһոճͷͨӣôǰ˵Ƥӵ£ʲôܣǰ˵ЦˣǺǺǡ
һֱЦţ׿ʶؽϣ˵ұڲ˽ȥ
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Ȼ龰ɫȴֻͫȣݺݵضȻʵСӣ˵ʵֱϵģ
ֻתת׿νذ˰֣Цˣ⻹ģôೡսûһأҲ֪һӲ˲»ߣһֱšڼȻˣǾһʵܳ
ƨٸϷ۶Ϸ򲻳һף
ƤɫĮ߳սУĶϷֲǲ֪˭˵һëοصƣֱ۶ᴩһ˿ڿǽˡ˵ǲǵǸطˣ
²һݣ׿ؿһۣͷб֪ʣ֪ҲȥֻóϵǰȻʲô¶˫ۡûҵȷǺ֮£̽һǸطŲСһ˻ġ
ߣСһͦԼЩŰɱڵӵһ־磬ԼȴȥϢ͵͵ȥ̽ʥˡ˫ͷӣҲûвСһⰵɳ²֮ƣõĵǸ
ǺǺǡǰⲻûӹǰķ𣿡Цһ׿ʱķӭһ
ⵤȻ˫Ժ˴֪ԼΪɲɫ˵еûзҪΪ˼
ԣ׿Ͷ˼գΪ
̧ЦһƨСӲصùһʼϷǳսʱҲֻЩ֣ΪèϷϷӶ׷Լصԭؼϣôǿ㣬ȴٳٲأħڵһսϷſұ۵⣬Ҳֻǻɡǰһˣ
СӣôĵӰʥ˫ԺأȻҲӲ˵˭ģΪɫһ࣬ȳ
΢΢Σ׿ÿɷʼ磺ǰСˣкָɣӲ֪ͲʥˡֻǳʱоŨˣһʱ̽һ£û뵽ײܵҲʵ֮ʧ
֮ʧߺߣСӣƭ˭أ
ЦһмƲƲ죺ʥڣֻǶ˫ԺǶݣǶ֮ءȻΪĸţǸ˲÷󷨣ǧƵļ󷨣ȴǱضǡûڲӦҪϢǱǲܵ¡
˵ˣ˫ԺĵӣڹҲʽñʲôˡһͷ˲ͻǰȥ£￴رиȴܵĵطΪ൱ڲǧ˫˫۾κ½ŵذ
üͷһ׿֪ԭЩʽȫ˫ײǵǰ͵̽ȥϼһıӵ·
һˣ׿һһգ
ҺԼҲʦ۽ǷȻ̤һ군ˣܶܲ
бƳƳƺеңȻʵ˵ɣ㾿ʲôģ˫ԺӦ˭
ǰûƭ㣬Ҿһʱ棬ܹȥ˿ѣûʲôͼ
ʧЦҡҡͷ׿εЩ󷨣Ҳ쿴κ仯һ۾ܿˡǲǵä㣬һ·ȥģȻһ·˻˶ѣûʲôͼı
²һ𣬵˼ؿ׿һۣɴɻ󣺡Щʽɶ˫ֲõģ쳣ƾ㣬һۿƣ
ǰΪͣôҲʮʦң⻹ֻĿǰ۵ҶʽĲУɾ;ԻҪߵĶ࣡
η۶׿ɫһ֣࣬µʱʱޣӺ¾˫鷳ĻÿһʽҶܸˣŲţ
Žɵؿзֹ
ǲ˹֮µģ˫ֲʽѾһСӲŶͣ츳ж裬˵Ͳ
ǣ׿һƶӣȴֲòˣ
ضسݣ׿ƺҲеһЩ㣬Цһǰ֪кηԸҪ͵ģ
СӣԼ˻ˮϷˮɣ
ǺǺǡǰû˼ˡǰԼˮ̽̽ˮǳôְȫӵͷأʧЦһ׿ҡҡԴÿɷ
ؿһۣоâһ°һȴŹӣĳСӣϷǰ̽һʲôͼɲҪԴⰡ
ǰ͡ǺǣҪҸ𣿡
εҡҡԴ׿ûǰѲ˫ԺˣȻ˽ʥ󣬱ûôҵġɼȻˣһֱ׷ûӦֻܲ²Ŀˣ
Ҫô˫ԺδˣػҪΣհγ£˫ԺѣԼȽϺðɡôǵڶԭΪԼ˽´鱨ˣҾһĿԸΪĿ꣬ҲҪӦ˽˫ԺϾոҲ˵뿪ܶˣ𣿡
ؿ׿ã΢ʧЦҡҡͷ̾Сﵱ˵ãȷģֺѹڶԸħһսʱһֱ㲻ԸЫ棬ƽʱƴӵˣΪ֪ûã
ǺǺǡ֮ŶСЫСˣҲֵΡʱе飬ֻС˲ܰ죡оâһ׿ЦȻŵǰкҪ죬Ը
Ƥ΢΢һ׿ãվҪǰѽ


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У¾ܱ֪һҪסǣȥ󣬿ʥûˣҲһỳɵϰס
ΪôһƫƫʥأҲϡúģ㽻ȥ
׿˲صɫһɣʵո˵ʲôʥ˭ģ
ҽǶʱǰѳƱˣԷǷҪҵСһͬͻ룬ΪʥˣǺǺǡ΢΢һͣ׿ЦһϷܵ
Ȼص˵ͷ»ȻԭˣԼȡưһΪ֪콣أ
ʲô콣һ㶣׿ѿ˵
΢΢˵ͷ֣ص콣½ݣһʥ󡣶ʥ֮ڣ£ض񽣣ػСݵѣ콣ҲǴ˴֮
ֻ뿪ݵң;ǵòˣֻǿ۾΢΢һУҡҡͷԣϣܹõһǰʥ·ͼշ콣ǰ˫ĸţ
ԭˣ
׿Ȼͷüͷ³૳ҿ콣ǰԵҸһͲ㱻Ҫò˳ȷܹշ𣿡
Ȼ
ǻһ߰Ļȣ콣ȻͬСɣǷɱȡѰ֮ˣǵ̶ȣ벻ʥȻӲ۷ˡϷС˫Ժһֱ콣һӳﵽ˽һ֮
ǰлշģֻҪָװ㹻ʥʯ콣ԸԶġǺҲ֪һŭ֮ºɨʮڣ˫𵱼ǽ֮أ롣ȻĻ֣Х½ˣ
ԣ׿Ȼͷ֮ͷ̨ȻҪˣΪҪأ
⡭£
ƺ֮ΣȴǺ޺޵ҡҡͷ׿Сӣ㲻˵ܿʽäϷ򲻹֪װǻƣֻҪϷ򻭳ȫ·ͼϷ㣡

׿ЩΪѣ֪£ôˣ񲻾͵ڰԼװȥˣ
ڶ󵽣ȥǸɽſտҲĶѨʥûˣʥû˵龰ɵۣ֮ıס
ʱһ׷ɱԼ
һˣ׿ԼԼϵ顣
ǰû֮ǰǰѽȻշأ
ôܣϷ˵ôǽԣ˵ģǡ
ʲô۾һ׿ƺֿϣ
ɫ΢΢һ˫֣ǽתˡ콣˫һֱŵģҲ˫ӡ˫ҪƶҲᷴԣ
ŶҲ˵㲻ǰ񽣵Ψһ氮
׿ȻͷгӾͷˣڹ˱ˣ
ǺȻͳһյϢ񣬽Ժе·ͼ̻ȥȻ󹧹ؽ˵
ڿʼ㹲ˣ˭˭
ӹ쿴һ󣬲ϲص˵ͷܺãϷжˣСһˣ
ǰˬˣΪǰǰҲҵģǺǺǡνذڰ֣׿һ֮ȴŨпζ
̲סһ飬ʧЦһҡҡԴϷ֪ϷͼҪϷ̸ˣȻˡ˵ɣҪʲôϷеģ㣡
ǰ˵ﻰôСһͼûʲô˵ģ˰֣׿ǵõ
ηۣЦһϷ㿴ˣСӵľϷǷһ黹ϣһҲʡİ˭֪պʲôΪϷءУϷҪ˶ǣ
ʲôĴۣԵֵֻ΢΢һ֣׿ʱһаЦݣȴɲۣԼ
ƾˣôһòЩСɣ
ݺݵ׿һۣҡͷʧЦһ̾Сӣ㾫Լ۵˳ԿȻϷԼ˵ϷôһͣܲܿһСһɡϷŸһ׹似ˣ˵Ҫ񽣵Ĵۣһ㹦е²ˣ
ţûû׿ֹסصͷаЦ
ʵ似治ںһССķףʲô۵ģ
ҪģʵǾֵһŵ߸ϡеĶ
ϸϸ˼ؿ׿һۣһ֣еǺãϷϷһԴط͸ɣһʺϣ
˵ţйâһһɫ򣬵ȥ
׿ӹϸĲ쿴ʱͫһг˫󷨣
˫󷨣
Цŵ˵ͷĿڣСӣʵϷһޣͬˣ
ǰԿ𣿡
ɣҲʵΪǶվ۳֮ˣоâһǻصЦݡ
Ȼһ׿˼ؿû뵽Ҳվﵽ˻龳ʵ
ɾ˾ˣ׿ԼףԼܹ˱̬ĹЧǵȴǴԼʵﵽһ㣬Ǿ츳ˡ
ƺ˼ЦһСӣΪֻϷĲʶ֮£ҪȻҲô׵سԽλʦ𣬱ݵһ˵λӡϷ֮ɾͣΪ˫꣡
˵ţʱָ£ָ֮䷢⣬ض׿ͷϡ
ʱ䣬׿ǰسһ䣬һƬǽ硣һֻ޽ȻͦǶͬʱһ߲ϼľϣצȴɡ
ৣ
ǰһ䣬׿ٴλصʵ
ǰǡ̲ͫס׿
΢¶һ˿Цݣ˰ɣǾϷ˫ꡣһΪ꣬Ϊꡣ˫겢Ϸ˵ֹҲΪΣϷݣΪһ˵ԭ򡣶һݵһˡСһˣǺǺǡ
Ӳݺ׿ԭأǲ˼֮ɫ
˫꣬ʥҲǾ޽е°Ͼ൱ֻռɽΪϻͬһңҪֳ·ɣ
ڣֻȻȻͬһؽ磬ô£
һʱ䣬׿ֻзھ⣡
ⷲףҲкöڵİ


671 
ֻۣһλᣬǱǻ龳Ԫ֮ʱ
׿ضǿ򲻷ţ΢΢ͷʼ׿Ҳͬվ£ԪѴɣꡣһǱĻᣡ
׿ɫ£ȴͻͫһ֣صҪɴɡһǵڶԪǿȣԶԶǿڵһβſɡԪܵһֻţΣ
ӦúװɣϾ˳µ顣Ȼվ꣬ǵ˻龳ʱԪǿӦǿĶǣ
׿ȻؿȴЦһÿɷҡҡͷǺǺǡԱ˵Ҳ׾ٵ£ȴѣ
Ŷ˻˵üͷһ׿¶ɻ֮ɫ
оâһҪ˫ĵڶˣһɽһɽߡڶȻҪķѸԪǾͱǿڵһſɣѹһ꣬۳ɹȻɳ£
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üͷһ׿̲סһ⡣걾ۣеļƷڣڶҪǿǵǺǿ귽ܱⰡ
ƺ׿еĿգЦЦ̾һСӾûϷ򣬷ϷϷƣһͶԵػ۵һǰѡϷһǽ꣬ڶ꣬ѹס˫ɣ
šǰºɡҾͲţʱһлǿ꣬ʱѹ궯Ϻ۽ꣿϾ»δ˫ܷͬɡη۶׿ÿɷ

²һͣʧЦһ˵ͷȷ۵һʱȷʵûꡣҲˣ˫깲֮
ǡҪһأͻȻ׿ͫһ
ȻڶѳԽһǾŪֻĺˣ½ȥռʮֻѡ
ǵȴֱҡҡԴ񶨵Сӣ֪һɽݶһ˫꣬ͬһ̩꣬Ȼ֮Ҳ˵һעֻ޻ꡣ빲棬һֻȻꡣһ꣬һֻȻӦ̵Ϊؽʧܡ
⣬Ҳ˫ĵͬ죬һͬ壡ӣ˽ΪַǵϲʱϷɳӹȴţΪΣΪȫѶԷΪַĸ塣ΪģҲΪǵĳѨల£ȴʵʵڵعһؽ磡
ԭˣҲ˵ĽһӣڽҲһֻ棬˫ûеӳͻܺгͫһ׿Ȼ
ص˵ͷЦӿɽ̣ǴԪֻһȴֻԪգԤһͬ塣һͬ壬ϷطнмأúòбǣϷͲ׸ˣǺǺǡ
ǰҶ۳һֻ껹Ҫǿ꣬ǹؼǰͽ̣²һͣ׿˼æһȭ
ҡҡͷʧЦ⡭Ϸû취ˣǸ컯
һЦһת˲ʧӰأˣ֮ϷˣϷҲˡպܷɹȫƾϷҲΪˣǺǺǡ
ȵǰ
׿æҪסȻо˵Ϣһƣ°
ͷӣƨ鰡һ˫󷨣ӵˣȴӺѴɣⲻǺô
ô죬֪ôһصʽȴܵãо͸èץһ
ߣͷӣѾң껹ǿ꣬ﻹû׶أطôȥ
Ǻܿ죬׿ַӦǵ˴ҪʥѾԼȵˡԼ·ͼҲһ˶ѣûʲôݣϷˣ
ĻҲûʲô֮˵ܲԼĹԼ鷳ѾܲˣԼôʲô
ţ׿йâһѪӤǵʱ壬˲仯ΪǰħС
̧ȥλãȻ֣죡
콣ʱæŪʱû˵ŪĽһϼһҪҵĶֻϣǧһϣȻӾ군ˡ׿ḧǽ૳ڡ
ڴʱһϵĴȴǵ۷СӣڽĶսУôҲزסˣҪͷ֣ɾд鷳ˣ
ǰֻˡ
Ȼһ׿æѽԼȴ۵һ⻮СʱһѪէֱ֣ʹ졣
ǳһЦæѪӤֻصڡ
ݺݵصԼСһۣ׿޵ҧгݣ°С̫ûɫ֪ͷ˻ȥҪǱ֣ǳԲ˶ߣ
ãεֻǲƵƤ޴󰭡
׿˲ϴˣæشлǰģƣ
ŶǾͺãֻ㲻ұסˣֻԼ¾ͺãǧϷŪȥĻߺߡ
һЦֳ̾ҲǸ˹ע֮ˣ𲻱Ҫ鷳ʵֽ˵ʡ¡
̲סһ飬׿ͷ߶η۶ѾĹȻҲǸרеҺӷâ¶Ŀ𶯣Ų֡
ȻĻһģ֪ܣֱڲɣ
ĶɢͷҲȻԶ׿ų³һǿעĿãһߣҪײҪһԺлأȲһ˵ɣ
ţ׿ʼеݣϲһ£ԽУԽ죬°̾ⵤȻһţ˵ط
ֻϧף𲽵ˣܳʥĻƿɵʥһҲһ
ڶһ磬սкܿɽ˺ǶȿֺؿŶսλãһ˷֮ɫŽմս
ϾսͬСɣ½ǿڵսڣǱ϶Ϊ޽ӽڵš
Ҳ˵˴ħսɹֱвڵĵλԲЩֵĸ༸ֻҪŵģ㶼֣عս
Ҳһս֮£ݵľƺ䣬ʹ˶Ҫдˣǲòעý
㿴Ƕˣɫеأǵȷевˣۿ̨ϣˮһָ༸λãɢž֮ɫ˵ħвǧ겻ĵλ𡣡
ǻȻЦݣǲÿɷ񣺡ս˭ƨɵµλӣ̫οġ飬ǰֲˣжٸ߸ϵ˺ǱġҲѹЩţ˽ˣǺǺǡ


672 齣
ǽ㣬ôţڵʵǸǰЩţȫһȼ˰һ˫۾ǵЦ
ȻһЦɫȻĳһܴ漣ˣֻҪûʲôǸɲɵģһֱһ㣡
ؿųǣΧ˲ȫһݣ࿴Цֻɫÿ£ƺһȴ
ݣ
һƿгϵӰٴγ̨ϣű˫䵽߹ս˼гϵĸߺٴ𣺡ħ뽣ڣڵ볡
䣬˽ǰһˣΣֻǴʱ˿̣ɫѲƽʱôɣ͸һغ¡
ħΪ֮ˣȻ׿ħֻо˶ѣЫȱϯ˼ˣз׷ףˣսˡ
˫̨г߸Կһۺ󣬽ͷת׿֣صħֻо˲սʵǷ油ϣ
лϺ⣬ħڵھڶ࣬һ˲սһս󣡡һȭ׿ڣ͸һӢţֱÿ̨ϵһڹڣðͷ̾ѡ
гҲȻԴתη򣬿ʲô˼
ЦһγгϡħڵӺڳα˱ȭ¶̹ȻЦ⣺ҽڽҪռħڱˣʵǶ̫ǿǲòӣҲò𰡡˵ֻһˣ˾ˣֻ׿һϳҲʮϣսսԴɶԵСԡǺǺǣ׿֣һҪ鰡
ֿˣ
׿ͬһ֣оâһ°ͷ
εȷʵǰ֮ոһûС˵־ſûɥʧһǫѷ֮У룬дգʧֺԵˣûȻ֮Уȴһء
齣Ȼ鴫Ტã͸
ˣȻ˫ûʲô飬ǾͿʼɣгϿ˫һۣ֮һ˦֣ȳ磬սһħڶսڣʼ
ಣ
ٴγս̨ϣ֮ͨǸɽȵͨ
βЦһһƣΪ񣺡׿֣룡
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ڱ˼ҺŰףǳԼϡѾʵ̫ˣȻ㲻˼˼ֺαҪ
һʱ䣬ҲǶԸŵƢһ˿˽⡣ħڿ𣬽ڹǫ񣬶ħȴǶԹô
ת׿һԶѾֻʣ˵ڵأδһԹ񣬺ݺݶ׿ķ˱㲻мƲƲ졣
ѾѾ޵ģװƱã
أǿʼѡǴ˴ξλ÷˸ı䣬һЩʵǿĵ۹ǿĳפġ
棬ȻҲԸһЩ
˴ζսħڶڵıȻһʼ˵ķУźħڵӢ黳ȾڳˣǶħڵӡ󷴶Ĺ˺ܶࡣ
ԵģǰЩУҲȻȻתƵڵˡѾʼΪڱ𣬿϶Լϣ˭һʼôŵģ
СǼװ޵ߵţźˣ
Ǻڳ׷׽ûа취ܡĻҲôפ۹
ƺǸܵΧǳЦδϺݺݵصһֱۣǶɵŻȥˣź޵ҧгݵؼ׿ʧǸ
˵ܺ߰ôͷܵ˵ıӣϻûйˣ
볤Ҳһƺɫÿ£
Ȼʱһȴ쳹Ƕԣ볤ϡιӣʦо仰λ֪ɷһ̸
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һ㶣ת׿ȥȴһȫںеӰǰΡΡذڶӣƺ൱һͻᵹһ㡣
ͷѹúܵͣ˿òģ́ͷ¶ǲ԰׵ʱȴ̲סһ૳Ыô㣿
һ棬׿ٴǸСɽȺǰһ㣬׿һεЦǾ仰
ҹѻ
Ȼ׿δ˵꣬ЦһЦ֪ˣҲ׼ͨطˣ

üͷһ׿Цǻǿߣ㽻ֵģҲѣʣһ˲ڣֻˣ˵˵ʮӣȫǻ֣㲻س֣Ҳ׹ǰɣ
ǺǺǡǿɲУȻ׿ֶµĿ飬ȻҪԴزſɣʦǰæƹأ벻׿ַۣЦһβÿɷص
ڵӣлڣҲ΢һͷһ֣صؿǰ棬ƺ˾ֵľģ
̲ͫסһݳ˵һŭȵΣ˼Ҫһ֮ͬԸǰඣߣǻظ֣Ҳǿߣһظֺһظ֣֣Ҳδصеùǰɣ
Ŷǿδأ
Цһβÿɷ񣺡Ϊ֮Ĳ࣬ʱɲܴʵĲࡣһ㣬׿Ӧõӣˣ˵ֻ֮һΪʵϿȴֹôһ˰ɣǺǺǡ
һЦν̤رǰ˹ȥһ߳廹һߴЦ׿֣ܿҪˣȸɣһ֮£֣뱻
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ŭһݳӡأһֻʮɸߵɫӡأȻͷ־һ򣬵ʱ£
һ֣˿⣬ͫһ˫ָ£ʱǰһָ
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һâֱ⣬һǴӡ֮ϣʱ㽫Ǵӡ˳ȥڿת˰Ȧʧֻصݳڡ
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ʲôôܣֻһо͡
̲ͫסһ˼˲ʧɫǲŵĿ⡣׿֮⣬ݳʵǿˡ
û뵽ֻһΪ궼ˣȻ˼һлܣ˼ҿ궼ûų
еĲ࣬ǲԵƣ
Ȼ䣬˿εݣ׿ҲؿȴǲûеģЩϲ¶һ˿Цݡ


673 ̵ú
Ǹ֣ոѾ飬ʱûˣд󰭵ģһ·ǰڵϵݳοǶһʧ߶
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ûڵȷս֮Уﶼף˭ġ׿ڣڵŵ⣬˱ϻڵĲζѡ
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ǴȲ˵ЩѾ˵ӲʵɽֵĺϻʽǺ˵ġ
Զ˲𿪣˵ܣ׿Գ֣Űʰ
ħڵĶսƷΪһ㣬ǽгսʱ˺㣬ǰǿǶȫˣ˼һȴܡ
һΣǿγ֣ǲе֮Ĳࡣ
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Σһӣǰ壬ƺȫǷһ㡣
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ڵĻͬȻڵλҪ׷ڵĲҪµĻа
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˵ţ˫ָǰһ˱ʱͫһصȥ
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ڵЩŵӣ龰Ҳɵ΢΢
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Ŷʮ֣ʹȫĳ棬ǻδô϶ǲ׿֣Цһؿħҳ׿ǿκͽҲƱ˴ʮһҵǾãʤ֮
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ţͬħԣ˴ζսʤߣһ׿ɣʱҶҲǵͷΪȻ
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Ӹոǲ˵̫ˣװװͷСҵ⽣ƽ֮
һʱ䣬ζʱֺݳԼ͵ĳ嶯


675 Ϊ
׿һӾȫͨ齣ˣʵǺǺǡɫ׹ǴۣβЦһε
һЦ׿ЦֽϸֿսǰͽԼΪֱӵģⲻɵ𣿿ǽһУȴһµĸôɵƣǾ֮У̹
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׿ǰأرֹӣվԭءͻǰһɴʱʮԶſͣӲŵؿǰ׿һĲԽ³ȥͬʱҲ㯡
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676 ڻ֮
ڶˣ˴˫ϣƺδսȫԱֹɡû뵽ΣΪ˶Ըһˣʮȫ֣ǺǺǡ
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ת׿һԵǼҲüͷ΢壬ãҡҡԴ૳Ԫƴƽ˭ųڣ׿ĸֶսױܵشǾȻȫųˣ𣿡
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ʱ򣬼һž˫𣬴ʱ˿̣Ҳ˶֮ɫ
̸Ц䣬ȫ⾿ɵִš
׿һУǵסһҪ㿪ǲ׷ģ͵ˡĪһʱִ֣ðΣգ
лӡãȴͻȻ׿󺰳
׿һסˣһؿһۡȻ֪п϶񣬵ѾѾ޵ģ˭ǿǰ궼ųˡ
ôţҰ궼ˣ
μƺЩţҲɫһ࣬Ȱ׿֣лʦǿЦһһҪΪ֮Σǹߣ
䣬βٶԣæӡһ򣬴ȳڻ꽣
ȣ
Ҳһȣӡͱ䡣
أ֮ϵʮֻ꿪ʼ۵һмһֻɢ֮·һֻֻ˿߰㣬ֻ֮ϡ
ţٴͫһȳһҫ۵İ׹ɢ񷣬ֱյͷ̫Եðࡣ
ǰ׹ɢȥϿʱȴ̲סͫһ󾪳
ֻʱ˿̣ǾֻȻӰֻʣһֻѡֻһֻ꣬ȴɢ޿ҵƣֻ΢һӣĿռڲ϶·ʱҪѿһ㡣
ǡڻ֮Ƥ̲סݺݲ˲ü𲻾г죬⡣ڻ֮Խһ壬ӳǿڻ֮൱̣ܽһ壬Ȼѡû뵽ʮӣȻʮֻںΪһȴȷ漣
Ҳ΢΢˵ͷ̾и֣뽣أµҲȫ۽ꡣҪϰڻ֮ȷʵһŵҪ׵öࡣһʮֻ꣬Ҳȷ̫ȻЩؼڣ齣ΰɣ
ᲢãƲ񷣬Ϊн飬Բһܿɹں֮۾΢΢һУü΢΢ͷֳǱᡭ
ħ˼ˣͬºȻʮһ൱µģ׿ĿǰֳʵҲϵġ
ǿ˭Ҳû
ѹκлȶȰ˵׿ǧҪ㿪ˣǿ׿ǽ˲³
ǿҲӲ˵ˡ
û뵽κų齣սһڻ󷨣ߵüΪԵӲӲʽȻᵽǼǿ
ѽȷǿӲĺܣ
Сӣд鷳ˡƤ΢΢һﳤ̾ҶۼˣҲƽͷһ¶֮ɫ
ֻħоȣоЩΡ׿һ룬Բǿ̶ֳȣûǸʸ̡
ڿСӵǸֲ꣬Ҫˣ
ǽ㣬ô죬ô찡ôǿ꣬ƾһ֮˭°ڹսڣȹϵϰ㣬һţųǵʵ
·׿գ˭Ƶġ
Цһ䲻ȵǸħͷʹ˲źãߣ
ԣŮֱӣǶеؿǣΪ֪˽׿ġ
׿ܷӳվӦ
ڵҲЩϾ׿ĵƣһ㶼֪
ǣ׿ˮƽɫʱ±ҲȻЦ̫ˣûˡ


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صķ˵Ķ쳹ֻʮ󽣻ںΪһľ޴󽣻꣬·һСɽ㣬ֱֱ׿ѹ
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ֻƯḡһ쳣ǿѹµķʹﶼ̲סȥ
·еȻԶԶرĺѹƵģ
̲ͫסһɷ˱˴˶һۣһºȻʮںϵĽǱĻҪǿöࡣ
ǿ˷Ȼ
ʱ˿̣׿ͷѹȥ׿ȴû˰㣬ɫƽվ˿ûж˼
龰ɷͷٲһĵľֻħڵλΧˣҲн߬ţ׿ǽ֮ɫ
λҲ¶ǰδеظһо춯أսЭ֮¾֮ڣһ˿ƾһ֮£ڣҲͨһս
һ㣬ǵǿݵһ˺ѡ֮СպǵλӣҲһ
Ƥ΢΢һ£λ׿ӰԵޱ桭
׿֣ĲԸ㿪׿⽣ʯһ㣬ȻΣβٴοѵ
׿ȴЦһÿɷҡҡͷһ񲻾֤ˣ֪ΪΪ֮㶼㣬ѵҾͻ¶ӣ
ãӡ˴һսʤζסˣһȣӡٴһ䣬ֻâľ޴󽣻꣬͵غݺ׿¡
һ£ƴͣٶҲǰ˽ɽ£һֳصѹĻֻ޽·һֻ˲ţҪԷҳһ㣬գۼǹ˵ƣ׿Ҳ̲סʱϢһͣ
ǿ
²һݣ׿еףҲҵ¸æӡ
ʱ䣬ǽϾҪҵϣΧ߽ŵúҪͣʱһȴشڷ
һ̣߲ϼɢܣֻӿϮĳ콣â֨һ£أȻͣ
̲ͫסһʮһ𣬲ŵǰȥ޿ƥеһö˶˵ذͣ£·ʲôסһ㡣
ǣǿϵǸʱȴȫ̲סһһ
ֻʱ˿̣ǵֻϣץһֻצ߲ϼⲻӿ֡Ƿצ֮һɵľβһ̣ͽ׿λ档ϵĿһɨˣսΧˣȫ̲סһ
·Ŀע֮£ǱǳһϣԵС¸ǲ˿Σ
⡭ǡ̲ͫסһﲻɵþгڡ
ħˣҲǾˣã˼ѹˣϴֻ¶꣬ûĻӦþǴ˵е꣬ݣҲֻλ˷ɹǿ꣡
˵ţħתףλ֮ȴƽһȻͷӣʱҲ̲סվ׿ķǾ죡
꣬ǿҪ۳ɹѡû뵽¾ȻһվСˣĵҲû°
Ȼ䣬λһп˴˶һۣܿԷеľͼ
ݣҪһλˡ
ԭˣѹողʮ˺һĽˣԭҲ۳ɹ˰Ҷۿ澵УݵľճʧЦҡҡͷһҲãҵ޵Уܲˣףȵȣѵ˵ϴʦἰ˿͵ڣ˲ɣǺǺǡ
ƺૣﲻһؿҶۣʦܣո˵ʲôڣ
ûʲô˵СӣȻҽ֣֣ǺǺǡЦһҶȥ
ɻ૵ʦܣ֪Ǿȴ֪Ȼų֣꣬ʲô
ôܣٺٺ١Ժ֪ˣһЦҶ۲ÿɷ
ˣȻɻ˵Ҳȥ̽ˣ
ҲһɲǵĹΧƺҲȻعζ³ȫ˷ʼӡ
갡ݾֻ˫һλǰû뵽쾹Ȼ۸һͨŵĵӣȻҲ۳һǿ꣬ǿˣ
һ֮ʮ֮Ȼ鴫
ŮѼѣ˷ܵߴߴɷλˣǼ档
۳ľħڣҪ׷˫ԺĽ
̵ģҸ̫ͻȻˣһڣҲδ֮ˡ
СӣľϲҲó˼һС඼ͨͨˣɷĨһѱӣϲ
ǣһϲҳ׿֣ħںһЩ׿ѣȻϲ쳣Ƕڼϵڶԣòˡ
Ǻ˵ɫ˲ޱ׿ŵĽʮˣ޵ĳ嶯
ңң׿ͷǰɾһ̲סѾѾ޵ģ׿ոճʲôβǣ˵ʲô֪ΪΪ֮Ȼ꣬ʲôɲģոԵô׳ʲôӶˣװƣ
˵һӭѶϣûָǣôʲô
ɷ۶׿ˣЦҪս𣬲Ͷ˰ɣ
ض׿β߳ͶûţʮȳҪѪսף
˵ţһȣʮٴнӡнһǰս⡣
أȻ䣬˵һ̵Ĵ̶쳹ϣǱצ̶ŵĽ꣬һĦȥ·ʱҪצƵġ
ǿʮ˽֣ҲۿǾ޽Ҫצ׿Դ
ͫһ׿Ȼҵӡֻצľʱټ֡ʮһ̲סһǷ֮ɫҧţֻҲڲ»צƺȻֹǽ¡
ΣҪôƴôôȥҪôұǽҪôǵ걻ҵצ顣һʧܣ𣬱ҸĴۿҪˣӡ˫ڲס׿׿˿ǼµĽ꣬Ȼʮ˾
ҧҧѪδһ־֪ΪΪ֮֮ǽͶˣ˲ʣ޽Ƕ֮գϧ
׿ǰֻǸգֻ֪ǿʤ֪Ϊǽ뽣ڣԼĽһսҲΪս㣬ֻΪҵĽ٣ʱлҲһȣ쳹ա
ͬһʱ䣬ˣȣ٣٣


678 ΨһĶ
ؿһۣɫ㣬ðѪݣ׿΢΢ͷһҧҧȻˣҳȫǡħɷڶʽצ
һ׿нӡһ˻еľҲ͵ش

ƺǾ޴Ľϳ˵ѣʮٴһ̲ס۵һһʺ
ҧֻҲڲϵĥţ
׿еӡڽɣצ֮ҲڲϼӴ󡣴׿ӡʱΪ꣬ʹצһצ⽣ɷ顣
ʱ⽣ڵʮˣʱ
ǣӡҪʱ׿ȴͻȻͣΣ˫ֻһӡ
ħɷʽ

ӡһɣצϵʱͣһţǽ
أǿЯǿݺݵسײǽϣǽֹסز
һ̣һ죬Ǿ޴Ľ꾹ǵʱɢֻΪʮ꣬ɢɢرɳȥ˲صڡ
ʮҲ͵һһѪ󣬻ήҲ
龰ڳ˲ȫһаζӿͷ
ΪͨһĻȻȫˣһ̣׿ħߣȻʮ顣
ûһĺħߣȻ֣ˡ
Ȼ֮нڣ֪ħǲġǰ׿Ѿһ·ֻҪͶͺáԼԸ⣬£׿ʹɱ֣Ҳ御ˣ޿ɺǡ
ʵҲˣ׿Ѿԥ׼ԪˡǾһɲǣ׿ȴͣɽʮ۵ĽɢֻǶѣ˲⣬׷ײ²ͼ
ħߣƶˣʩڣԱ֤ħڽһڵͬˡߺߡħС㼿˱ˣסԵ
ڵأԵҡͷԣ˫ȣ·ȻһУ󼱼תףԵӣѵǿ˰ɣħͽôƻһ£ڸöǸмˡһ˰
ԣһǰĵʦ˵ǣֻϣǽڵʦǣħʦôȻ˫ȫ֮ϡ٣ʦϣã
˵Ŀɲô
°ͣԵһ¯ƨĵģ൱̹һǹӣ̾Ҳĵģû֮˴ڵţױħαƭҲһֱ˵ѹͲøħӴҪһ򾡲ŶԣϧЩӹ˽Բԡ̫ڣΪ֮ףõħΣȴ
ʦĪҿҵҪﲻǷǵ֮ף
һЦţƨݵһŵӵλʦֵŶԡҲֻʦȻ֮ˣܴݵ氡
΢΢ͷԵһΪȻӣǺܿɫ׿ķ򣬰̾ô˵Ҵ򲻹ħҲ򲻹ֳһĹħͽ⡭Ҫ𣿡
ʦַģаʤݵһ˵λӣʦģٺٺ١
ƨϣԵȴҲúܡʲôаʤȫǹƨؼǿʵ
ھ֮ĩֳһħһ·սڵλѱסĻʸž֮װܱסλͲˣ
һ̾ԵҡҡͷתתŶԲߡ
ۿ̨ϣ°ͣؿ׿һۣĳΪδĴɡϾħԭڣո֮Уͽ֮׽ڵĵȫ𣬵ڣķչҲɡϾ֮һ£Ҫ˫ԺµԴչڵʵɻҪһʱأ
ҿûôӣڵĵӶûὫһڿڣ
ҡҡͷħȴпңħӱΪ˵־Ͷ֣;ԣҿ֪ôͻȻûɱˣ˶ѣ
üͷһﲻؿһۣЦûɱģѾ˲ˣûɱľյˣħʲôʱԼɱģշˣ
Ƥ΢΢һħҲǳĬ
Ϊħӣħɱأһɱ֣ضҪһɱףȫͷųǿӲȥᷴԼľͱһҲпܣ
ֻ׿ױȥģȴǲˡ
ټ֣
ȻڴʱҶȴǲмƲƲ죬ĵħնҪľշľء׿ɱջأʲôֵģֻ֤ľΪߣϼһ֮°ˣҲйֻ֣֮ΪҪɱģѵΪ˽飿ɲħ£
۾һУҶüͷ΢壬˼⡭
̨λãλ֮󣬱˴˶һۣȫЦ
üôЩСһƵҰḧ룬ʧЦ
ת׿һЩۿϯԻ񣬰üҲЦŵ˵ͷǰеĵһ˻ѿħȻ󣬵;ͬ顣ĵ·ϣӡ֮УҲǳе¡ͺҶˣֺ׿뽣һڶɣ
û䷲˽׷಻Ͼһ·ǰˣж٣ǲСΪɱͻͣԭǿ׵úܡʮǶԼִŵӰ·𿴵Լļһ㣬ٺħߣֻҪеܶͬе֮µ֣
ǰħ飬ҲʶӢϧӢ֮УʮСһϷҪˣǺǺǡЦһüóǱᣬϸϸʮ֣
ˣ
һɫէ֣洫гϵȻʤѷ֣Ƕɣ
ԣ׿ջڣңңԶʮˡȴֻ㲵ϣ˲֮ɫ
ˣˣȥɣȻ˰ǺǺǡ
ЦҡҡͷվһĨ죬˵λʦܣ߰ɣͷɥġȻսˣǵĽû䣬û٣ǵĽȥδһܴǸһϴǰܣ
㡭ȷüͷһ׿ÿɷЦ
ݺݵصһۣһָ׿ȵһΣǾӮ
㣡ؿʮˣ׿ɫһ´ٽĻϣʮһ𣡡
ض۾ξ˾ԼȭͷİɣԻģ
˵ţҲȭͷս⣬·ʤһ
ţ˱ǰ׹ȥֻ뿪ǰǰδ򵹵Щħڵǰǲһ뿪
׿ôţЦ⣬һ
лһҪ뿪ʱȴת׿׿Ц׿Ȼô˵ɲ´һս㡣ٵΪҪսΪҵĽ档ңҲһսǻǾλһͬµʦ֣һս
˵꣬лͷҲصǰ׹ȥֻҪǰ׿ЦȴȻƮĶڡ
л䣬ĿǰΪֹģΨһһ֧飡սʤˣֻӮ˸սѣ
ԣлǻȻĻȣʧǰ׹֮С


679 ڴ
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һռ䲨ħںͽڵеӣصսСһѵõħõĻ棬ڳ˶°ͷпࡣ
ħй֮ͨôľڵӡ;ͬˣ
гҲؿһۣһ̣΢΢˵ͷ˴սԣħڶԽڣħھ˰ˣһˣʮʮˣ˲Դ˴սսħʤ
žžž
һΧ˿·ħڵķ򣬽鲻Խعơ˴ζսսħӮҲ䣬Ӣ黳ԷϧǿħĽ֮Ϊж
ǿ׿и
Ͼħ֮Ӯô˴սȫǴһŤתǬ£ʵ̾
Խʮ飬δԷ˾ءˣҲףλħڵľ֣Ҳ˭Űɱġ
ǿ˰ɣصˣǶ֣ҲԷʮľأԭô궼ûٵʢһǹŵȻЦݣ׿֮ɫ
ŮһҲ뿴׿ƺҲЩ΢΢ͷ
˫ֶڳˣռ仺һѹȻֹгϿ˿ɫЦǺǺǡζսǸɴúܣʱ棬ôϷڴȿʼŵĵ볡
һ䣬ڳ˲һűһ˷֮ܵеǿڣڵĶսҪʼˡ
ںڵĶս˵ڵӼıԣԲһȼϵġǴδǿӼƴⲻڳ˶زѡ
ˣϳˣʦܣﳤ˸ЦһԵҶ۰ǲɵЦȰڸɵ͸׿֮սˣȻȲ˰ǺǺǡ
̲סһ飬ħһεؿҶۣҲ֪жǿʵɰƽħڣûôף
ûƽǣֻҪɨһȥӰ˵ĶսÿɷƲƲ죬Ҷ۲мֿܿ׿ķһĪľ⣺ˣϾҪˣǺûʽɣȥк˵ǺǺǡ
䣬Ҷһ˲ʧȥӰ
ͫһħ²ɴ󾪣ΪոҶ۵ٶȼ죬ûһ䣬˾ͺزˡ
תײ˼ؿȴҲֻʼ򣬿ЦҡҡԴ
·˵֪ʦܵĿ˰ɡ
һ棬ڵӿʼ볡׿ͽȴ˳ˡݳЩܶĵӼܵħεٴؿ׿һۺ󣬱ʮˬת뿪ˡ
ֻеս⣬ȼգľ׿Σȴڴ
֪´ν֣ʮֻľϲ
ʵ̽Ѱ·ϣôһȺոƨɺ޲ԼҲʧΪһ¡Ͼûжֵӣǹ¶úġ
Ȼһˣ׿һݣ볡ȥ̫ڷѰǸļµ꣬ȴȥôҲ
׿ɵƯ
ͻȻһЦɷһ׿̾ղһһ²飬ڵʮȫŪأãǡ֪ŷչһЩʱգʱ˵֮סڽǰֵڣǸܵа
ںˣСӹؼʱ飬˽һ飬˵ܽͬˡ˼ԽԽˣ׿ܼңĻɷһ׿һ̾
бƳƳ׿ÿɷЦЦγ
һǿˣûô࣬˴˫һ뿪ħˣΪſôʲô
ʮ֣ҲΪͻȻʮ˲˹²ȥ˰ˡ
Ϊʮ˵ϣ·𿴵ԼӰӣ
һ÷ˮž¼󷨵似Ҳһħʻ
ǣ˭Ǵ޵УѹϴأһҲл㣬һ֪ΪΪ֮ò򲻿ܷս˰˻֮׵ı
ٿˣһļ㣬ɵģ׿ľͲ˹ˡ
Ҳһħͷڼ֮дļ˿ɡ
һ뵽ɷĻʵҲԣѶ·뿪ţΪſˣԼպʲôѴҪ˰æĻ۵Ľ飬β෢չһЩأ
ţ׿ͻȻͫһƺһŵûأǸæڿ̨Ѱš
һҵħ˵λá
ɷȥΪѣʱںԱڣҲްˣ׿һаĹâ
üͷһɷ˳Ŀ֮ȥҲͫһȫ˼ͷúúãȥɣСӰ£迿ף
ԣ׿ҲǲÿɷЦЦŽһ̤ʧӰٴγʱ˺ֵܵǰ
٣٣֪ǴˣŶ˱˱ȭ׿һĵ
һ˼ǰͻȻһӰǶһ׿ʱŸæȭ
ٸǹ׿ֹһȻڻԣ޴󰭣
Ŷͺã
Ȼ˵ͷ׿ͻȻâһóһСƿȥʮƷ鵤鵤޸ꡣȥַ£ɻָ

̲ͫסһһǸƿǾ֮ɫʮƷ鵤Ǻټġ
ǣ֪ôģ˵ɫȴʮֹŹ֣ҪӹȴֲҽƵģηηţѡ
üͷ׿֣ʳžһ죬һֻǿĴǺݺݴļϣͬʱһЦ𣺡׿֣ɱǲҩΪѾҵʮһƷ鵤ԪˡҸ˲̫̰ȻǴûˣͲҪ˵ҩԡ
̲ͫסһ׿´ǺȻ֮ɫʲôʱ˳ıȫ֪
ҴϴɹҲΪΣյĸо
͵Ťͷȥ׿ݺݶϣȴһ˫Ϥ˫Ҳڽע֮ͫУһĻһš
׿У·Ӧ㣬ҲͬһɫĹâ
׿֣ʽɡǺǺǡã̫ڵҶۣܿǾҪʽˣڴʥ޴˼ս
ǹаĻȣҶۿ׿Ŀ⣬Ƶζ


680 ʥ޴
ʥޡˣ
̲ͫסһ׿Ҷ۵񣬲˴ǵһڷף˵ʥ޵䡣
ټϴ˾Ȼ˵˴˶֣ڵǹԼڵķĹּ󶼱˾Ҳһλʥ޴еߣ˵ѾĸһֻʥޣСһ㡣
뵽׿ɫǴʥ޴еĻԼһ㣬෶롣
ѾֱӾʥ޶ӵĻǸСӱ޶£
һ뵽Сǿֲʵ׿ֹסһ
ףôˣʦ˭Ӧöһˣ㲻˾Ұɣƺ׿ϵĽţҶ۲Цһ
üͷһ׿ϸϸζ˻⣬һˡӦû࣬ͺðˣʵô̬
׿Ϊʱֲһ
һؾ
ͬΪʥ޴еĻΪԼ߳һף̫ˡ
üͷţ׿ĬҶۼȴǲЦ׿֣ո㲻ǺôôڼҺ󣬷һ仰˵ˣò˰ɣûɰ޺öʥ޴ˣη壿ˣʦ˭Ҹոտףòǡ
Ҷ۵Ļм֮⣬׿ȴ̽ҲУǷһôҶ֣ʦǺηˣ
ģشңٴҲٰüͷһƣҶЦһ
Цҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡Щսʦ˭㿴𣿡
üͷ̲סҶؿ׿ȴЦһÿɷ
û׿⼸յȷս˼Ҳ¶˺ü־ѧҶȻ¸˾Ųʮˣ׿ľѧʵ̫ӣҶԽսԽľԽãһСġ
СӾλʥ޵Ĵаôһȡʤһʹףǿô£
ͨ϶ʥκһλľѧҲʥ޾ѧ֮£
һʱ䣬ҶԼҲͿˣԲ̽һû뵽׿˽쳣˿¶ڷ磬ư죬ƨ鱨ûţһȻ̾
̫ڵӣѵ𣿡
ͻȻսУгߺȡæǰһ񣬶ת׿̨׿ֽĿ⳯ҶۣȵʦܣϾҪˣ
ʼ磬Ҷ۲ƲƲ죬׿ЦһĪľ⣺׿֣ڲҴûϵǽֺһܲµ㱳˭У£ģҿҲڻ£
˵ţҶһ˲䲻ӰٴγʱǰЦ
ÿ죡
̲ͫסһмһĻģºȻҶ۵Ŀ⣬֮ɫ
λ𣬴ʱ˿̣Ҳһ졣
üӵٶȿȻҪ龳еĲ˰ɣḧ룬ĳ
üҲ΢΢ͷ֮һ˫ɨһ׿ֿҶۣЦ˴˫ᣬ˲Ű
ţⲻԸôǺǺǡЦһλ˴˶һۣȻص˵ͷ
ؿҶ۵ķ׿һ֮ɫ۲졣Ҫⲻ֪λʥ޵Ĵˣк͡
ѹһ˫ԺͻĸоˣԭʥĹ
Ȼ׿ϸϸ˼ҶʱٶȴǰһȭǸǸ׿֣ոҲˣǰǵҩǴ磬Ǿܾġԡ
ˣǲ˵ˣҶסң֤ģҲáֻ޼棬˴ҫһҲġǺ֣ʮһƷ鵤ȻʮƷ鵤ãֻҪȬͱһжˣ΢΢һ̣׿һƵصͷ
ԣ˲ǰһһмؿ׿ȭ׿Ǵ˴ҵȾѡǰ׿Ƿдͣɾȼ֣˵ҩʵڲ
˵Ļ¾ҪЩνֻҪƷְȻҲˡھ֮ԣµǶƷǹɼͣ̾׿һ̾Ŀ֮ɫֿ⣬Ա
ֵܼˣһж°̾׿ƽ⣬ĵֵܰЩƽװǻƵαǿˡ
Ǻٴιά䣬ֵܱȻˡ
ȥ׿ٴת׿Ҷ۵ķʱȴǲмƲƲ죬ૡߣСڵҩϼӣɣ
ǼĥһʮһƷ׾ƳˡΪ˴²ǹؼ
˼һƿʮһƷô˼Ҿͽ⵱һʽˣòŹء
һƿûͰħڵĽ㵽ˣ
µˣûǴûˣ飻µˣҲˣľ
Сӣʦʥޣף㻹۵úģߺߺߡ
һЦ׿·Ҷ۵ӰǾ⣬Žеƿһףʱʧãʡһƿ
磡
սϣڶһǰǩҶһ磬Ӹӣ°˭ң
ҿȴҲɣֻжһָ˵ʲôڶָָ㣬һͲ˵û
أҶ۵ɫ
̫λӣˣгϿǩ
Ҷ۵˵ͷһóһǩȥǶţ
ҮҵĶ֣ӮˣͻȻһأȻҶһ￴ȥȴǸոǸ󺺣˷ܵ㵸ϲ
ԵˣǺݺļ򣬴Цʦܣ治鵽Էһģǿˣ
ǵȻһأŸոͻƻ飬ҲӮûǴҲһ־Ц
ˣȴҡҡͷЦɵ棡
˵׿ħеĹҶ۾̫Ĺˡֻﻹһͨ㣬αװ
Ǻ׵Ϲˡ
ǴǰҶɫĮιոڳЦ𣿡
̫ڣǿţ˴βμӴȣȻһոͻƻ龳ĵӡݣϾǿţмƲƲ죬Ǵ󺺵Ц
ԵˣҲǲ֪زһ䣺ι˵䣬ûո˼ҵٶô˼ҲһǴǣ
ˣʦ֣ս̨ϾһĶֵصĵطٶٿ죬ܱQĶȥ
Ҳ˼Ҫӵսأ
⵹ҪսôһС󵽴ҴܣҲȷͦ˵ģ

һһͣЦҶȴƤһ飬һЦô˵ܳ鵽ΪĶ֣̫ˣ
ɲզأ
ǺãԸͫһɣҶɱһȻתȥ
ˣ̾Сӡ군ˡ


681 ķŭ
ڴȣųǩһֶս̫ڶսڣ
ȵһս׵ıǣλӵĴս̫սݵһ֮Ƶľ֣ؾΪ
߳ȻǴͷβȻΰؾΪԵ
˻ӣ˴˱˱ȭһ񣬽Ц֣аɣ
ãֳã
ЦһԵתתͻһӡ͵һƻȵ׼ؽ似ƣ
䣡
ʱ䣬ؼƱ任ϯأһɫľ޴ӡҪѰ㣬ݺݵس£һҪĳĸо
龰Χ˲һ˷ܲѣ°ޣڵĸֱԣһ־һѵơ
ԵҲ͵ӵܣȻ鴫ַǷ
˫һ֣ǰҲǲһóǱᣡ
úãֹȻһ֣¾ıսգ
Ҳ̲סЦһֽ֮УݵͬһУҲֻвһսˣԵһˡ
˫սλݵһŸеС
ǺһߴЦһѸٽӡգ̫ת
ৣ
أã˫ǰһתһεת̱ǰȻǸӰΣȴظܵǿϲתתϣ
ȥɣ
һХ˦һӣ̱㶸ȻתȦǾ޴ӡϮȥ֮ŰĿ綼ǱУΪһɹڲת
ǾҵײһһɺȻУرѿȻ󳹵ɢ֮䡣
ֻֻڲתԽԽҲԽԽϡջΪһɢˣȴһƬգ
һգ氵صﲻݵһţ治򵥣ߴ򣬸Ǻ
üһޣǱᣬЦ૳˱Ӣ֮⡣һȻԿѡ
ǣüд¶ȴǻڰ֣ЦȲæǴ˵ȿϷǺǺǡ
һ㶣üؿ˺һۣҲ̲סҡͷʧЦЦϼһﰡһͣô֣һ㶼
֣ڸҳˣаɡ
ȵȣ
һ˷ܣԾԾԣǵҪȹʱԵȴǼڰ֣ЦһһȭִţĳʵҵĶ֣ˣ
ʲô
̲ͫסһһ𣬺رסˣɫѸһŭؿԵ֣ʲô˼
ŶʵǿԸ䣬ֲҪͱˣһݣԵ
һΧҲȫոֻһаɣôôͷֳʤˣȫû
üͷ΢΢ķŭҧгݵ֣ոֻɣôôˣ
ȡЦո¿׼ؽ似ʹˣκβַֺҶ֮ĲѾʮԣ²˷Ѵҵʱ䡭
˵ţԵ㼱ת׿гϵķ򣬹ϣҸԸ䣬볤У
ؿһۣгḧ룬ոǶֻǹһжѣпʤ
ѵϷҪѪʤ𣿡Ȼгϻδ䣬ԵǼǺ
һгϷػ˻䣬ϷûʤȻԼͶˣϷҲˡ̫ڸսһս̫ڻʤ

£һƬȻ˱˴˶һۣǲԣô˸ոնϣûôţֳ̼ʤˣ
Ƕûôͷʤˣ
˵УãģҲֻ˿жߣԵȫزм֮ɫ
ߣҪʵѹϵħںͽһͷô
һԹսħһĵƲƲ죺Ҳ֮Уң
ڵӲ⣬æʵʦ֣⾿ʲô
㻹ûôڵĲԣרսġھܱʵԷֹڵĸսսħڵսս
оâһħȻ̴ú죬ȴһʵĶУӭѶϡͶȡɣѽλŭ˰ɣ
һЦħת׿ۿ̨λ֮أҲĿ⿴ȥȴλӡ
ùűǲԣͶȡɣСƴǻۣȴԭϵˣ˿Եܾȴʧȥ˴ࡣ֮˶֪Ҫıʣֲи̽Ѱڵӵܣȴ˾֮£ȴָкβͬ
ǰϷոյȷ̫ЩҺûӽȥӽۣѷ̥Ҳֹֻڴˣ
̾üҡҡͷǱᣬֻдһ˵֣
ˣڵһԵʧȥѡ˫Ժʸ
ϵԵҲ֪Ȼһ£ɹһݣ֣̾Ƕ˲ȣҲ֪¾ֶ֡д»ħĺáͬӦСܿ԰ɣ
ƨ
˫ͫһɣеر˴ֿڣҧսԣȫԸǶԶֵ裬Լ裬ѲһߡսӸеġˣԸȥħڵĴٻ߽дһߣ
һ˦ӣȻ̨Եҡҡͷſ̨˶ĳһ֪֮С
ص̨£֮أһƨΧ˹Ȱ˵ʦĪҪŭʦִ˾٣ȫΪֹħУΪ룬ʦֿԣ
ǰΪţȴа֣ħСһʦ㣬ħޣμʦֲӵĿģǲαѣ

ؿһۣԵ΢΢˵ͷ̾˽ңİɣңңҲһͦȥԵһֵס

һ𣬷׷ͦ
ǰԤõܵ÷ֵĶս;÷֡ܵ÷ֵģʡȥȻ£Ͷ̫ţһ㲻֣ǲȨ̫ࡣڵףֻҪħ뽣סǾӮˣ
Ե˲𣬶Ǹ󺺵ʦܣһǸСӱȡ̫ʵǿеӶǻϸ֣СӸոͻƻ龳ȻǰչֵٶЩ̬겻רٶȵôֱǸͷְһҪסУ
һЦǴת׿һԶҶ۵ķмصİɣʱһݺкʦְһ
֪ǣҶ۴ʱ˿̣ҲһؿΪԹţѾѾ޵ģңҡ
ȻףҶ۴׿ȴȻԵõڿ̨ϣſλ޵еľʶԾء


682 ֲҶ
̫ڶڣڶԣڵ̨ǰ
г̧ۿ˿ɤӣȳڵ󺺣аЦһе̨ȥһ־ڱصõӡ
ҶҲЦһмƲƲ죬ȻԵõȥֻеâȴɢĹԣ̫һ֪СƢˡ
̨ħ׿Ҳȥһµ̽һһŪʵΡ
ʼɣ
ҿ˿˫ӣгĳڣһ뿪˶ˡ
һشЦһǴ󺺹ֱ˱ȭŵȻͬǾ̫֮ڵˣս޸ӡ̨ӣҿɲģ
У޳ܣ
ԣڳ˲ĵҲǶڸࡣǿľͶ䣬ƴһѣľŰ裬װƲҪڵŷ
죬ôҶʶˣߣ
ҶҲǲмƲƲ죬ȴֻ˦˦֣ʾȶ֡
ɫ΢΢һǴ󺺼Ҷ˲ʶ̧٣ԼҲŭһЦϽ֮ɫãСӱԼ̫ڵľͿˣս̨ϣû˻һаʽ
䣬Ǵ󺺶Ȼһȫ±أ÷һɫĹԣܱһɽӰâʱø̨ϵϢһеĳһ䵽˵棬·ʯذ㣬̨Ҳˣ
Ҷ۵ӣҲ̲ס΢΢һͣƺࡣ΢΢˶Ÿƺ̧һ¶ܷƵġ
ǡԪ꣬ɽüͷһħؿǴһۣ΢΢ͷ˵⺺˵㣬ȷŵʱԪ꣬ܿѹȷǻ龳еٮٮߣҲǿҶСӵĹٶȡǣСѵֻٶȹô
оâһħԵø
￴һУƺڼǺǰǳսɫᣬмЦһʼ͸ҷųӦսֻҪôƴһҪôȲʤȯڵԣǺߡС֮ͽеƴһ𣿺ߣǿʧˣСʦǰųֱ꣬
ԣ̫˱˴˶һۣǰ࣬Դҡҡͷǻǵһλʦַ˶񶾵䣬ǰȷò壡
Ҳܹʦ֣Ҫ־͹Ե
ҪĻͱ̨Ȼˣͺúôʦʺ񣬾ಫҲδػ֡
УĲؾȥˣ˭أ˵ˣѹʦҪˣ
͵һɫ˲ǸæŤͷȥ̨ϵҶۡ
ʦͷϣǿɲ봥
ŭҶ۵ҲûõȥŶǸצӣҶ۵ֻһ֣
ȻҶ۾ôվţԲһǴ󺺻Ϊˣɸ˰ɣǰٶٿ죬ˣʶĸϽͷģһȻĻٺٺ١
Ǵ󺺷һЦԵˣҲЦоոնϾҪһˣǡ
Զ㣬ӵĶֿɲ㣡һȣҶָһ
ݣ
һɫĻⶸȻէ֣ΰСһǰȻǴ󺺻ȥת˲Ǵ󺺻ûӦô£ǵ۵һڡ
һ̣һɫĻڶⱬǴһҽжûüȻǽӲӵĻ£Ϊ˻ҷɣ˲ޡ
Ԫ꣬ҲһɲǵĹɢȫûӰ
ǽɫâϨս̨ǿտҲƺǸ󺺾ûһϢɢûˡ

ոջˣ龰˲סˣһץסӵѼһ㣬ûϢ
ֻɵؿĿɿڴ
ֻǣڳйڿһĻҲȫصһֻӶ챻ŵõ˳
⡭ô£
ֻһ˲Ĺѣǻصĸ֣ôһʧˣѵɵôɵģոʵ̫죬ȫûӦ
̲ͫסһħħڵӣʱ˹һĻҲ̲סԸӡ
ħڲʶһֱԳ׿޵е˵ʵ
ȻСһ㣬ǹﰡɫسħƤ΢ٿԶ׿ȴֻҲһӡ
Ȼڳ˭ûϵСӵʵ죬λ޵Ҳһ
˫ᣬѴ򣬾Ȼһ
˿ٳ³ħֿɬҡҡͷ
Ｐ̫˿һĻҲƬ̣ſЦҡҡͷ̾ԴСʦͻƻ龳󣬱û֡һǱǰ̬ˡ治֪֮ڣλһս
˵ţس׿һۣȴҲɵ֮ɫεҡҡԴ૳Ҳ޵УҲδСʦܵĶְɡ
̫ڶڸսڶ̫ʤгƬ̺г˽
һ䣬ϵʱ쳹һƬ̾˷ܵļС׿֮һǰ
ʵսǿʢָտɴ
ûĻҶһȤ̨ȥߵ;ȴͣ˫Ŀض׿ķưػ˻֣üͷָָս̨ȵ㣡
ৣ
˵Ŀ⣬ˢˢس׿˫ͫ͵һ
֮꣬սпͷˡ֪δݵһ˵λ׿أҶۣ˶ǿĲࡣ
Ǿպ˫Ҳ˵ģ
һʱ䣬˷ܸȲҪ֮Ĵսˡ
ֻǣ˫𣬱˴˶һۣҲԭΪǧֳһľţû뵽ǣҸ̫ͻȻһ
ǺϼһҲЩסˣü̲ס˷ܵף׿ħߣšҶߣϷ̵δسɴ
ǰǰ̵ʱһһħ㽫ˡºˣһԼĴˣҲḧ룬ϻο
ѩ׵üͷ΢΢һüƺ뵽ʲô۾һϼһ۴˴Сһｻ֣˭ʤ˭ǰºÿǱһȱǸԵĽ̵ɹΣ
϶һˣôö
ָŰüЦһܿ죬˼Ҳ΢΢ͷȤ϶黹Ǿһŵӣ̳ˣҲ֪˭̵ĺã˭̵ĲβÿһˣҲɺúñȱȣ˭̵ĸɫһǾǵĵˣôǵŽ
ʲôѡӣ˫Ժ޶༸ʮ꣬ӣ׼ǵĽӳ˵ųºǻȥľͺãħں̫ڣҸ˫Ժ˵֣
ˣôôеҪͽܵ˼˫Ժ֮ףǰûɹ°ź룬ʧЦҡͷ
üˣȴǲмƲƲ죺ǰɹûôʵˡκòˣף÷𣿡
ãЦҡҡͷ
ţλ࿴˿̲סЦ
ʥ˲ΪֻǻûֵΪĶ֡ԣнж
ڣǵ¸صλˣλ֮ӣҲ̲סҪѹˣǿͽˡ


683 ̫
ͷʥǡϹʥײеģ棡
ر۾׿ϸϸ˼Ժзž¼صϹţҵҶ۱ޡ
ûոյһС磬ǻķף
һˣ׿ɫֹסس
ഫءγ֮ʣһ㶼֣Ҳ֮档
˵֮֮ףףԾ֮֮סǽ飬ΪȻ׵׸֮е
۵ƴɱǿˣ
֮άȴǷ챩壬ּڻһУƶ
ֻ˴˽ڣ治ϣؼֻ֮
ˣ׿Ҷ۶Եʥ޴УһǶд棬һȴǴܶŹȴǲͬĹã
ʱ˿̣׿ҶȣǱ˭Ѹ٣׿϶ֻҪϾ£⾰׷СӵĽȡ
ȴǶսбԣһʱ·磬޿κεҡԴ
ĻףôС׵Ķ֣ͬǻ֮ԣ˵尡Ű
ҶҲһ㷴ûеģ˵ײ䶷ȴҲ䶷֡Ըһƴ
ֻϧҶ۵һ㣬׿ڵʵ̫ӣûרһ·ڵףҲȼҪƴ𣬹ƻõõӦ֣
̸ܣӵ˾¼ȻͨŲ񣬸طŽУҲ˲Ķϰ
ͬʵľ֣ôȴ֪óĸӭУʵᰡҪˣǲԩúģ
һͷ׿ʱᣬ̾ѡţ侲ϸϸԽԽԼʤ̫С
ոҶָһһС׾˲һظ֣ɼ̶ȣѾ൱ŨټõĸʥĹ似ս൱գ
üͷ׿֮ɫ
Ҳ˼֮ʱ̫ںڵĸսǺܿ
ڴľǱʵСּ̣֮Ҷ۵ŭɱһˣǵսľˡ
֮ļ֣ȫʧȥ˶־ȫܵ³̫ڵһս
ǺħڵһսҲˡħڿû̫ôĴˣһս˴򰡣
ڵĵʱͶͱԷֱӸɵˣʱŪʧءǺ󼸳ԣڸɴȨˡһݺݵħ飬
ѿαĹۿˣȴȫһ֮ʱͨ죬̾ĲŰ
ڣħں̫ڵĶսʼˣ֪⻹ģһϳģڵӡ
ħһս̨н˷֮ɫ￴ı飬Ҳ淺Ц⣬һɨǰȥ
ħòҲԵһ㣬¾˰ɣﶨؿħ۾Ц
ԣħɫһŭƨҵʲôˣܱȣҪսսݣ
ãҪľ仰ɣЦһﵱţѵõ˷
ħҲһЦӡᶯ
أıһҧβһԲɫɫĻڲϵؽ任Ҳһ̣¶ȣ̨϶Щ
üͷ̲סһг´󾪣૳ǡꣿңӵĹߣ綼סӣʵѵѵã
˫ˣҲƤһ澪֮̾ɫ벻˴˫ᣬĸֱȻѾ׿ҶĹʣҲʵŰ
ħλһ۾Ϳͺϻ𣬵Ҳֻ֪ܽάƽ⣬ʵ׵ġ
ħȻֻܽ湹˫άֵʵȹ̣ʵ츳ˣ
￴Ͻ򣬸ϮǰȣǰҲǲһһɵЦħһʼͷų꣬ƴһսǾӮˣòҲǴһڣ˰ɣ
ƨӲҲǾӮ㡣ֻѵõĻᣬҪʹʹһȫԸ
ãʹ죬Ϊϲħˬ죬һ㶼飬ɴЦҲϽӡе˷ϲ֮ɫԱ
ˣ
һռ䲨˫΢أƽȴǺڰ׶һתɢȥ֮ȫɢ
۶ȥǲźȻ֣֪ʱĽǳһ˶̫ͼڲתš
ħǻһ̫֮ʱɢΪһ֮вת
⣬һ꣡
Ƥ΢΢һħɫأ૳̫ڵģ̫򣡡
ۿԿԿħ꣬ħףͺϻ۶ɡ̫ڽһ֣ڹм̫Ե꣬ڵӶǰڵܾУؾ۳̫򡣡
΢΢ɫȻڣܾħҲúܣؾ֮۳꣬ɲħħ۳ԣħ֣ĪⰡǺǺǡ
üͷ΢΢һħһÿɷ񣺡ٷϻ̫ڵܾǿζǿߣ߾ܾ꣬кθı䣿ҿصģֻˡֻҪ㣬ǿҶȫԸ
̧ĳҵ鲻һ࣬΢΢ݣر˱ȭȻ˿أĳҲȫ֣
䣬ﶸȻ˫һϣᶯӡ̫ʽתԽԽ졣
ħЦһͬ˫ֿʼӡҧβ߲ת˷ܵͺãʹһս
ʱ䣬һ죬мײ
ħߺâӳˣȴתⰻȻһ֮С
ȴܿ嵭֮УȴɱΣķ
ױˣ
أħӡͣ£һâ㻯Ϊ캣ˣݺݵײȥһ㽫̫ײҡҡ׹ѡ
һȵڲ͸ԭ񵭵ĻҲس֮У
üͷ΢΢һ˫ǰһָɫĽȺȥ
컯ƽ
ۣ
췢Щ֮УʧǺܿ죬ǺȴǺһӣήţǺϵȥΪһ̫֮С
龰ħɫ˲ڸ̨Ϲۿ׿Ҳ̲סƤһзĹâ


684 ʾ
ĶսΪиԵڣ˭ݲ¶Է˽ս֮ײ
ɢ֮ʱ̣֮
ǸոգħԼ˫Ҫ̫ʱﲢûѡԷӲӲǰѶԷսˡ
ȴħ󻯾ԭ֮ͬ
һˣ׿뵽Ͽ׻⣬ܻһ׻鵽ԼڵҪԭ򣬲ȸĵټħ󻯾ô
Ǵ˷УõԸҶϣǷҲأ
ϾҶ۵ķӦҲûϿеɡҪŽ⣬ҪսΪһ֡
ٺٺ١ⲻԼĹľôôϱиˣ
Ҳֻһ룬ܷ˳УҪٳ֤ſɡϾǰԸԶе󷨣οҪԸˣӦؼڡ
ʾȴǵ˸ѣ
ţ׿۾΢У·˽ս˼
죬˫
ս֮ϣħһвɣֻһУӡһһһֱ̫ȥħҧβ߰㣬תʱ̫С
ţħӡٴ˾𣬻һǽΧ̫ıԵڲѹ
ʱ䣬Щ˿ʼʴս磬̵쳹ߣ̫Ҳֹסرѹȥ
ۿţҪȫû
üͷѸٽӡµ̫ͼҲڸѸٵתǿҵҲסزɢš
ħˣնס档
ڴʱҲӡϣͫһȳ֮˴󣻺ɰٴشͬ
ৣ
˫һչ̫Ҳ͵ر鿪͵ӿ˽ȥʱǰҪû
ǣҲһ˲Ĺµ̫ͼȴŻ죬ɢʱ㽫ħ򸲸ǽȥ
̲ͫסһħƺȻҪʲôһá
ǣһѾˣ
˵һռ䲨̫ͼʱһһҫ۹ԣתͬããеһܻ棬˽ȥȻΪ䡣
ħæӡҪٿЩ棬ȻˡΪʱ˿̣˫ȫԷ̫գҲûκΰѿ֮
̧ۿ˿ԴһƬգħҡҡͷ̾һҧβ꣬ڲͣתȴǲûʲôˣԵįµ
֣ã΢΢һ̣ңң˱ȭЦ
̾˿ħʧҡҡԴʧЦ˰Ȼݵһţ鴫
ִ˻ˣʵոԾҲһѺأܹͷʤһҲʵң
α
Ƥ̲ס飬ħߵ㲻ؿοңܿóԸһġֻߵĲǰԵ·ߣΪԲܽʤõĻ˫һɲǣˣ
ʧЦŵ˵ͷﲻÿɷ񣺡ˬ죬㻹һ仰˵ˣݵһŵλӣѲ˰
ЦҡҡԴת׿򼺷Ҷ۵ķ̧׿˿׿Ŀ磬૳ֻǲ֪λӣǶ˭ģ
ߵðԵ·ߣֲ顣ǸǶϣض˰ˡȲʵΣûǺݣһ㡣ҲˣСʦֱܳ㽫˾ɱ۾գһµģ׿Ҳܺԥ꣬ǽ˲ˣǶ˵ǹɺݾǫǫܶԸ˵ģ
̧ͬۿ˶һۣħĳˣҲʧЦŵ˵ͷ
ȷͳӣһߣպȷʵ׿Ҷ۲ͬûǹɺݾע޷ǿ߶Ծʤ
ǣȴֲôظ磬ȴܵ˵Ƴ硣ΪһֿеħҲ֡

ţħֵݵһšСӶǹܵ˿
˵꣬ħת̨ȥгϵ涼ˣ䡣䣬ȴԵͬ
ΪȻȫԸͲƴˣƴӮҲƴֻ֪˼ҵƴҲӮˣֻóʧˡ
ؿħȥıӰƬ̣Цŵ˵ͷ
СȻʲôˣҲ֮ͽȷǸӣ
гҲǽעıӰãص˵ͷŸ̫ڵһʤ
̫ںħڵĵӼһһ̨ԡ֪Ƿλӿ˸ͷƵķʽ˵һսڵӵĶսȻҲȫսȴûôɱˡ
̫ڵԲ˵ǫ񣬹ؼħڵʤ󣬶ʹɱˡ֪ǸԷӣħԡ
ڶս֮ȫԱ˵Ĳ٣һҲû˽𣬷ȫһԹսڱĲϡ
Ե˼ˣҪ캰ԩˣôˣս԰ôûǣ𴦴ǣ
ģҲǹ
֮󣬾սˡӦڴУʵһĻȴʱͬΪҶڣڵʵʱ˺üء
̫ħڶսʱһ˲ħҶһ֮㽫Էȫ̵ˡ
ħˣΣֻܺ䣡
ƺ׿֮⣬׿һ˶սʮˣҶҲ飬Ҫһħʮ˸ɵȴֱӷˣ
ĿģҶۻʲô¶ˣħԺųֶʮĳ档һֱҶ۽֣Ҳǰбˡ
һ㣬ħҲȻЩʣףҶǸ׿һ׿ֲĹܶԸ˵ģҲˡ
ڵ˵оȻϣǱʵĲԡ̫ڶԴ̫˺ƣֵ¾ˡ
ⲻûðɣҪãʱȥʹԵˡ
ãҶۿûôƢ̫ڿɲϷģҪ򣬲Ļ͸ϳ
Ҫ򲻴򣬰ǵˣȥ
ǺԵҪڣûüͶʱҶָһɫȻ˶Էϣʱյʬȫ
ⲻԵ۵Ҫ˿ǵɽû취̫ںҶ۵ʵǺܾġ
ħڵսڵȨˣ
̫иҶۣʧԱ󽫣οħһȺɷţ˺ҧأ
µʱͶĻᶼûУȫûˣԵƶļƻ
һ֮ڣڴȽ̫ںħڻƴ˺ۣͶȡɣȴ˴ʵ
ǵĿ꣬һ·սħںͽڣڵӡ


685 
ڴȽĿǰΪֹΪ̫ڡħںڡպ󣬽սȣɢ˰ɣ
гϷɨڳһۣ˰֣һ̤뿪ߣҲᶯӡŹرգʧ
սΧһ²̸ŽսһȻ뿪ֻֻ۾ʱħںͽڵ˵ķн˷֮ɫ
ƺҲ뿴һ·ϵƥûеսڵȨ
ۿ̨ߴ׿ɫ࣬˫ؿ·̫Ҷ۵ӰšҶƺҲоת׿ȥһЦ촽΢ȴû췢
ֻͣ˵֣պټ
ţҲ̫ˣ뿪
һ׿³˼ʵħڽܹߵزѾ׬ˣʵûбҪս
Ҷ֣Ҳʮֹ졣ıʥ֮һķ棬ѹַ׿֮£Ͼʥ޴˰
⼴ʥҲǹĴڡСｻ֣׿Ҳûбʤİգܲսòս
ǣ֪ΣҲʥĺӦоּ¶СӵһսڱУ
ӱˣôнԶźʥˣҪ˭ӽĴڣ
۾΢΢һУ׿еһ˿˵ս⣬˷ܵȫѪʼ˷ڡ
⣬žֻһ޵а龰ɣ
ô׿Ҳо⣿ͻȻһЦ׿һתȥȴβ֪ʱǰϸϸһۣĳ
üͷһ׿ֵֻ۾Ҿˣ

΢΢һͣؿһۺ󣬲ЦǸո¼׿΢΢Ϊ̫ڵǸСأҲſ壬׿ֲǾ壬˷ܰǺǺǡǾͺãʤΣֻҪܹȫһս£ͳĲҲдġǣ¾Ҫֹڴ˰治ġ
һֵؿ׿üͷ΢壬֮ףսӦá
ˣⲻ֪ôȻʱ飬ǵ껹Ǳˣٺõ鵤ҩҪָҲһءʧЦҡҡԴεǹһ˿ɬƺһ㲻ʡ
׿ȻҲǱսȥģֻڵսսƴһУûڵĸսսˡ
ǸʵȺ˳׼żڵһšδսǱȻ֪Ҫ˻ȥȷʡ
ɼˣսսϣûбʵΪս׼ĿԭͻʱסǵĽĵط
³һ׿̾ǽڡǿϧˣ
ǺǺǡûʲôϧģϾǹرˣķڷʵȻЦЦβÿɷ񣬶ؿ׿µ׿֣ǧ꣬ûôһǲˣͿǵˣǺǺǡһ棬Ҳûʲô˼ġΪҶ۵ʵǾˡһպĿ꣬ͻüߣϣһ˵İ
ضǳֿ˫ͫ׿ЦһΪص˵Դɴͽ̣
ˣЩ׿ֱҶö࣬Ҳ߶һ£ǺǺǡҲǶһٰɣذ˰֣ǹŵЦȻתף뿪
ĶŵıӰʧ׿ҲǲЦҡҡԴ֪ҶԼսһºԼġ
Ȼȷ˵㣬׿»һ˿ů˵˾ҲԼӮʵ
ಣ
ȻڴʱһӰȴͻȻ׿ǰûüӦǰǽ°ˣһ˿֮
ͣΣźȻ֣˲ǱˣݵһˣɡֻǴʱ˿̣ɫΪŭ
²һݣ׿ͷأϸܵĺˮ
ѾôˣòǷǶûʥ֪ģ鷳˰ɣ
һ뵽ղⵤС㣬°ߵĳ׿¾һ㷲
Դ˵ʵɱ׼һ㰡ô죬ô졭
׿нǣȴɫһ޹ʵǰô㣿ְ°ˣ
׿˿ΧȫֲݴԣһƬɱ˽ٻıذ׿¾ԽţƤһ飬Ц֪ǰΪ˴³ذҽٵǰ𣿡
ߣϷˣϼһȻһŸˣݺһĴȣŭȴεҡҡԴ
ԣ׿ȴ۾һһ֪Լ°¶ˣǾͺð졣
Ǻ׿ٴС̽ǰʲô£ʲôŷˣ
ȥʥĽŰ
һҡͷÿ˫ᣬὫսʥڵĽڣΪԣڵӼʱԪȫΪԷһʥºͷܼʱϵԣʥĽڵأͨһڶս˫ͨ
Ϸ˫ĿͶעھڴʱͨ룬͵͵콣߱ǡû뵽ͨͨȻˡһֻ߶սˡ˶ӣϷ򿪽ţȻܿ˫׷飬һоȫ¶ˡʱϷҲ콣
ǳ̾ӣ׿һУо͸
ԭѾǽûȥ͸ˣ㳹׷ˡ
ţ׿Цȴ¶źɣʵǰȻˣ취ȥǣͻȻ°Ҹҿû͸¶һ㶯˵ô㣬£ԣ˻պʣҪǶң񲻴ݾߡ
ˣԼˣϷû˼
׿Դ޻û˵꣬ǲͷذڰ֣ͫһһµСӣſʱգҲ˫ڼˡȴһͷͻὫ糹׷ӡԼ⣬˫Ժûٽȥۿ˫ӽβϷ뾡жϷ뵽㣬ϷȥϢأǶսнȥ
ңһ㶣׿æҡҡͷвУôȥ㶼һˣҲŵĵӡݵҲڸǲסɧ
̵ģɧأ
ЦһÿɷϷܵġϼһ۹ⶾúܣֻǸıòƭǡϢϣǾ֪ʲôˣԣϷ˼ǣռָһãϷȥ


686 
ʲô
һ㶣׿æڰ֣ܾԣԲԣҵĽָֻܷԷŲ˻һָ˼Ҳῴôֻһָˣ¡
׿Դҡĸ˹ƵģƲϵ
üһǰ϶һŵͼûʲôϾ㱻˫Ժ˵õҲ鲻ϣǰѵ׽סй
ݵһôױ׽סͿȥʺˣ
ԣ׿ʱǽһʹ죬ϰߣ¶Լʵ
βһĿ֮£ôһ˫Ժӷȥһסǿ߲񰡣Բ˶ߣ
ķգɲԵƵġ
ˣ׿ƲϵƲϵܰͷ߶ԶͰͷ߶ԶԶûйϸźá
ߺߺߡСӣΪһӣǸڣеĴָôͼ㵱Ϸ˰ĹһЦ·һۿ˼㣬ЦԱѾˣ
ǲһ׿οЦǰ֪ھǸͨۡԦڵĻ˵ĲڵľӢˣû취۷ϵġ룬һۣʲôö
ϣһۣںڵľӢӴܣ⻰ҪǴȥòǼŵĵӻˣ
ЦһͻȻɫһ䣬ݺݵصСӣѾϷôæҲðҲðĻϷ񽣣ﳤȥ˿ĻϷ񽣣ͽǷ·ͼ֮ڡ˵棬úøлһǺǺǡʱ򡭡
һЦǻյЦݡ
Ƥ̲סһ飬׿θͷ˼Σǳ̾˵Դӱѡ˰
ͶˣϷлɲôװյģЦһϲ쳣
üͷ΢΢һ壬׿ΣЩǵǰȥΰųεĶֿɲûǸģҲûǸˣˣﵽǼ󷨣Ӱһ־ͻ¶ݣ
ٺٺ١ģϴεϷѾ뵽˰취һ֮ơЩ˴ݱȻڻ취ѽָһʽä㴦Ȼͽ˶עʱϷȻߣǰʥ֪
üͷһ׿˼Ȼͷⲻ͸ϴõͬһôȻϴû˻ɣôоͿһΣֻ
鲻תת׿ͻȻüͷһΪѵֻǰӦǴħˣڵŵӶӦһ˰ɡ
˵ҶۣüͷһƣƺȻµ룬ƿڵ
΢΢˵ͷ׿ЦһǰҶȷʵҵϣûʲôסָӵˣ˫۾Ϲºһܲ³ȻҲֻҶۣҲһöָ
СӣѾдˣȻ黫ĺܣ۾һһ
ʵһʼҲף˫ԺУκ˵κһϸС޷˫ķۡ
ҲֻӽָһֵľٶλɣڼסӼĶսǾ̫Сˡ
ֻе콣鱩¶󣬲пܲ鵽ϡʱԼȻ֮ززˣֻ׿һܡ
Դһʼֻεˣδ׿öӵĺ·
˼ҲΪ룬׿ԼøԼ밡õҲеǣô̵ʱ䣬Ѿ˴㣬ʵı֮
ͬʱҲ˸ԵĴ㣬ڣֻղˡ
ЩΣҲЩΣϾ׿³ԼҪӲŵ飬ЩģǺΪֲǷݲǰ׿ģƻüͷ壬ĿʼΪ׿ֵսˣҶСӣز¶ʵ֮¡ֻδʹȫϷҲжʵǿܷһսֻǽɫ棬Ϊ죬Ĳǣ
ǽ뵽Ӧ֮ǻһ⣬ȴûףǾ꣡üͷ΢΢һ׿µҹҲ꣬ҪζԵСһʵǸУǰ꣬Ǿḻǰͽ̣
ʲôҲ꣬ô֪ģһȻüͷ
ζ벻ط˽ܵ𣬾Ȼֳһֻ꣡
ʮֿ϶ص˵ͷ׿ÿɷ
÷ĴˣܲôôԼˣҲҪԼҵĻ꣬԰ɡ׿û꣬ʦϣҲͲ³˸˾Ųʮ
һľ͸ˡ
꣬˭ܱ˽⣿ײСһʦ̵øΪõ
ʱϣ϶³ˣǲ޻֮ˣ
ؿ׿ȡʤϣλḻǰָϣȻ۾飬ԶˣôʤްǹǰСӱʦʮ˵ãҲ൱˽⣬Сضʮ졣ǰҲָһҸսƽ֡ȻʱұѹŴſˣҲûʱѽָļƻ
ˣôҪЮϷĻ֮⣬ϷסȻѾΪϷðôˣϷضҪȫģ
üͷ΢΢һϸϸ˼ͻȻ׿㶮𣿡

һͣ׿ȴ΢΢ҡҡͷһѣ̫
ʥ˻УҲֻнͷ˵꣬ħʿⲫаƣ⽣ȴ˽٣
Ϸܰģɾ˰̾һĵҲ֪Ϸһǽ꣬Խ꣬꣬˫һ㴴նһرģХɽҡͨĻϷ⾢һ꣬ضɽƺǽҲסϧ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿ȴǳ̾ǰ˵䲻֮ԣʦ˽⣬Զǰ֮ϡնѵûʲôͨ÷û˱˽ˡֻ֪꣬кƽ֮
ǿ꣬ҪƽҲûпܣǾʵΪǿ¡
ɫһ࣬׿ӵǿҲҪǿӵ˲ǿӵУĻݴϣô֣Ҫͳһ½ˣʵȴǣ½ǿݣԶԻ˵һվǸ֮ؼ
һ㣬˵ˣ˽ˣ˽⣬ҲֻԼСҵڽڣԽϣն˵СӵʦҲӦú˽ⶼ֮ϣҲӦ֮ھţ۵ϣȴδ˽ᡣΪ٣ڻΪףͬˣӵͬһ÷Ҳͬ˭˭ǰ
׿֪ʶ㲩٣ܽΪһ壬δؾͱ˵λǰò
̲סһ׿΢΢˴ƺ򡭡


687 Ӯ
شԭأ˼ã׿ͻȻǰһƺͨ˰㣬еǰҲ˵ҶС꣬ҵꡣͳҲҵҵ꣬һͳǿԲԣ

һͣʱЦһҡҡͷûܲί㣬˰ԼΪģѽӽϼһԿһԣǳ֮Ϊ
ͫһ׿΢΢˵ͷ˲俪
ûûʲôˣ֮棬˽ˡҶ۵ģҲǿӦ֮
Ӧãϣ岢ǿĴڣ˲ǣ
ϹʥǿҲʮ۾ƿ¡ʮۣǸһǿΪ֮
ǿĲ츳ǲǿ似빦
ģúĲϱͨսʤʥ޵츳ǿȨ
Ҳ˵֪֮ûʲô˵ģ׿һԴЧӦ֮ڴеı仯֮
ͨһ㣬׿еʱɢ٣֮ɫҶͳô⼯˸е꣬һܴı仯δؾͳС
һˣ׿еսƺȻȲҪλ괫սˣ
ر˱ȭ׿һݣмлǰһˣ֪ҪӦˣ
ǺǺǡʵϷҲûʲôæԼԸߣϣڣܴ漣Լ꣬ǸСӺúÿۣаҪǿö࣬Цһϻο׿·Լͽһ㣬Ȼûͽܡ
ţָָ׿ĽָЦ׿˵ϷûʲôȻϷ飬ϷˡôǷҲϷ򡭡
ǺǺǡǸȻΪǰðһգҲֵõģǰ룡Цһ׿һ֣Ǵ˽ָϵͨǴЦһ˲˽ȥ
͵׿ٴνǸһ͵͵ųˡ
һʱϦ£׿ٴλصħŵǸСԺԺл˼֮ڣƻ
ǣһ̤ǸСԺȴǵʱһȺϤӰ֪ʱ˪ˣѵȺˮŮҲڴˣ
ɵã׿㶣зźɣЩѾͷˣ
ɷˣʱǰллصϣҵģȥˣڶսһͲӰΪʲôأ
ܳʲô£ǣʲô°üͷһ׿ֵؿˡ
ʼ磬ɷÿɷ񣺡ƽʱ϶ûµģڲǳһ㻹СôҾƢôһţҵطԼȥˡⲻѾͷҲΪ˵СӺٰ֪ٺٺ١˫תһȦֱһӾȥ
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νʼ磬ɷЦһÿɷ
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ʱ䣬ط䣬һХ֮Уˢ쳹˵Ķߡ
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Ǽ龰Եȴ˿ģ¶һ˷֮ɫЦ׿ϵˣӾ͵ϵһءԪΣؼϡһ£ؽ𣡡
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ҶһԿţҲ΢΢ͷԭʼȻˣܽںϣǱᷢı仯ֻǲ֪ûУֻĴأ⣬Ϊĵ£
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ŮҲ˲٣ֻһˣݶҧˣΪûҰ

˻˼ƺǷˣһĳ£ϵĲϼҲɢͣŤڵӣҲС˰ڷ
龰ԵǰһЦûˣֵǣǳˣҰĥˣץԪ𣡡
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һȣ˷쳣¼ӡЩ˷سھϲϳĥʱ䣬˺һ㽫һƬ覵ĥ
ر㻯ΪһɢûӰǾȴ˻һһΰľʹ
׿ͬܣüͷҲ̲ס˳飬ȴǲûʲô
ԵˣӷЦСѾûʲôֶˣҾܷſ˺˺Ҳˣ
ô˵ҲŪˡ
ǺҲǷſֽţӡÿ磬Щ˴˽ĥҲԽѸ١
أȻ䣬ԽԽ۱ĥ˺ѿ׿ȴһֱüͷûж
ʦ֣㿴ȻˣβоգҲûʲô˵һָ׿Ц
ԵˣҲæͷ˳㴵ţһԼ˵ˣԵһֵס
ûûʦȷֵסǺǺǡһԵĵӣҲϽӭһ
ˣˣ׿һ̽ȷʽ׿áǶ˵ٴμǧɳǾϣʼĥ
ʽǰ˶һ֣ʱܡڣȻ֪׿ʽѹŴˣ޷֮ڵٶĥ̫ɴͰѹϣɵСӣΧ۳˾̾Ŀ⡣
ڲǻ㾡С£踺ء
㿴ǲͰһħŵ֮⣬ŪһǴ󹦼
Ǻʮ˸ظţҲĥٶ죬˻
ħˣüͷ𣬰̾û뵽׿ľ֣ȻᱻԵСסءǿ꣬Ҳ˵˱޷֮ѵ˵ħҪڴֹ𣿡
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ҡҡͷҶɫһ࣬˫Ŀüͷȴţո۳Σԭʼ״̬ÿͬ䡣ˣҲˣڸ˸򡣿ĿǰΪֹ׿һֱԭʼ״̬δֳԼĶѵ˵û򵽡ɾ̫ʧ
Ҷзɻ󣬿Ļδ£׿ͫ͵һű¶˾ϲ֮ɫҾ֪ˣ
һ㶣ħ˻ûӦĻ׿￴ȥȴҲ̲סͫһ󺧳⡭ʲô
ꡭ䰡¶аЦݣҶһ˷ܵҵҪ꣬ҵ֣ǺǺǡ
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ԵȻ˷ܵؼЦƺϾҪףԼʤɹˣȴͻһ΢Ŀռ䲨ЩĦһЩĸоƺҲĥ𲻵ЩƬˣ
һ㶣˸æ̧׿ȥȴҲأȻˣֹͣı棬ȴǷһĹâʾаϢ
ҲâϣЩĥһһ
⣬ô£
˴۵Сۣ㿴ңҿ㣬Īԣ֪о
ǻһЦݣ׿̧ƤԵǵһεĶʹȫ˰ǺǺǡôҲóһʵǼʶһ£ʲôҲܲˣ
䣬׿ͫȻһȳ䣬䣬
䣡
һʯҵأȻǧٿ׵궸ȻͷųҵƣʱȥЩϵ죬ҲڲϵضƺʱҪһ㡣
̲ͫסһԵ뵹һ´󺧣ǲ֮ɫ
˵ȻĥûôֻͻȻɢǿƣ
һ̣˱һУ˫ؾʹסˡֻ꣬ȫ·âеڲϵر䳤øͣϵۼײ޸ˣҲȻһ䣬Ϊ˳صףź֮УٲǰƬ
˻һ񷣬ͳ̶ȾǱǰǿ˲ֹʮ˱֮࣡
˵꣬˵ǻһ˰꣬ҲҪǰǿ
꣬ƤһҶ۰̾ʥϣǿ꣬ȻûҵķҲǲˣʥĹעǺǺǡ׿Ȼһս
Ҷ۵ĸ˷Щ㵸Ȳ׿սˣ
ǣһϲҳԵǴʱ˿ȴѾȫɵˡ˴˶һۣ޵ĳ嶯
ôö˶˵ģۿҪŪˣôö˶˵ֱһô˵ĻǸղŵĹˣ
ңصǣͲ˵ˣؼѾȫͶ뵽ʽУ볷Ҳܲ˰
˼ԵͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬ָ׿ˣѵ˵ոһֱ֣ǰͶ
ǺǺǡڵӣеӣ
һ֣׿ĳÿδȦͶʵû˼ĶھͲһˣǰͶҲǽ˲֮ءҪôŪңҪôŪǣ˭ǺǺǡ
ԣԵ˶ʱһоϵˣܿ죬ԵǰһҲûţĿǰΪֹ껹ţǿռдơ
䡭
Ȼ˵꣬һŤӣǧȻ鿪ԵʮûӦ̲ס۵һһѪɫ˲ήȥ
㡭ո˵ʲôüͷһ׿һаؿǣǼЦ


692 ֲס
аâβڿȻԵõ˦ţǹɳصѹȴеӵĶֹס
ƺֻ΢˦Ŀռ䲨Ȼֹסҡҡ׹
벻䣬治֪õͨȻƽǿʮ֮ࡣü¼ǣҲ첻ɣ
зž죬һԵİüȴֻü˫ͫУȴҲ֮ͬɫ΢΢ͷ޵ᣬȻϵĲﵽ˵زδɾͱضҵ뿴ǸҶۣ˭ʤһδݵһˣ
üͷһҲͬص˵ͷ֮ɫ
֪׿Ҷ۶˽ʥ޴֮ˣͲһȴϲġ
׿ʥǿĳ϶ΪһȻԭʼҪǿöö࣬Ͼ֮˽ҲǷ汾ˡ
ΪĴˣҶķڵĽ֮ȻҲҪǿ׿ӽƷ֣
һ㣬׿ͬҲ˼˰취ʱ˿̣ȴȫ¶ˡ
ǻһаĻȣ׿һͷһһ˦βһѸֵЩõǰһ㣬ģЩ׿ȫɨϣ׿һλָ֮Ե̲ס³һѪһȻؿо岻ѡ
Ȼȫǵʮ۳Ȼȫסһһ
һǾȫˣκβ£ʱô簡
ı̬Ҳ֪绹ãһҲҪȫˡ
һˣ˵ɫ̲סһ޵ĳ嶯֪ˣǾͲôѪƴʲôûȤġ
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üͷ̲סһԵ°̾ϲ¶һ˿֮ɫûǰĿЩ׿ҪǴɣˣǾʹ֣ͣħڼսһȥ˳
ԣڵĵӣæͷǴûһʱͬλʦֵľ⣬оǿ֮ɫ
ǳڼˣȴ뷢˳ǸǲмƲƲ죬ҡҡͷ
ȻǹĲ˳ʺѾֿʼȥˡһͬǿɻᶯӡŴأ
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ʽĻ׿ȫܳʱһ硣Ҫ֪һǿƴƣ군
ԣǱȸ׿˵ˣ˫Ժͺ󣬷ҿʼ߽磬ȻǱ׿ûǣҲˣ
ΪùߵͷƣҲȻ޴ˡսǺ͵ľȨȫǸס׿
һƺЩ̣֪ˣǰѾŸʲôֻȡ裡
ɨʮһۣ׿¶֮ɫȻҪˣˣǰǲǺô۱ĥ˼ٿ鰡ߣûôף

һ췢ɺβݺһ˦ʱǽϣԵһ۵һٴ³һѪپȼһ㣬ʹ
ǽҲڲϵƺʱҪѿһ
ٺٺ١ǲÿ춼ںħħôӾͳȫǵĹʹûӣûǡ֮СɽУֻһܻ߳ȥ׿һ¶֮ɫ
ħڵ˼ȫһЦһؿʮˣʮӣȴһݣɫʷǰĳ
׿ԣҪƴư˾أܾ˻Ҫиּۻ۵Ļᡣ
ڵǣ׿кܴܳȥȴǺټסĳײˡ
һʱ䣬˵ĿȫۼԵϣڴָʾ
üͷţԵ˼תȴ͵һ̧ͷʮӢŵشħСĪҪ㵱ûк֮£ŸһĻᡣˣֻһˣǿʮͬͬ壬ҪƴǶ֣
ʦǣһƴˣǺú֪һ£ڵĺȻǲµģ
ţԵֿӣȳǼסˣԵڣһֵסħСԵǰһ̧ͷ

أȻ䣬Ⱥ鼤еȫ˼Ѫ㣬һ֮£»˱ʤнᶯӡ͵ǿ
ֹǣϯϵˣƺҲܵǵĸȾȻ
˳૵ȲԵƫִӣǵټû뵽ҲֳܱӢŵһ棬ʵѵã
ӢûֻǿһСıݰˣһħоڣ·𿴴һа㣬¶мЦݡ
һ㶣ֵؿһۣȴȻһЦ૳֣̫ٶթȻףʲôеòȻαӡԾǣҧĹУеĹҧڹʦֵȡʱ׳ôʲôҾֵסǺǡƨ˭ֵ֪סģʵֵסȳȥˣĻƨȥĶˣ
ǡͫ΢΢һĿڡ
аؿ˿ħмƲƲ죺ȻڻҿԼˣǵưɡ
ģħͽƲȡ壡ڣڵĺ׿ʱ龰ɵҲ޳
Ůǲɵ÷ۣȥǸǲмƲƲ죬ЦС䶨ˣԵǱСˣҳݣ
ôǣⲻͦӢµ𣿡һ㶣ˮ˲Եؿ
ЦҡҡԴֶ̾У׶թȴǳúܣ£ȫǹĶǰģԼȴû˵κΪ˵ʲô
һˮŮüͷƺһЩʲô

ʱһ촫Ż춯ٵǳȥڵĵҲȫ࣬ƺȻԼȫͶС
ǣǳһ˦β£ɳȥ
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һѪ˵ɫ˲ή˲٣
ҲҪţԵһֵסʱԵٴ쳹˶ǰ˲һ񣬾ٴҧҧٴκݺݽᶯӡ
ûһ˻ɣλʦֱǳ֮Ϊλʮĺ
ǣѾܲôˣΪά棬ͷһƴٴٵǳȥ
һΣǳȴǲˣЩٴνһ
вһϣĹâ̧ףԼʤʵҲƴȥӮϣأ
Ȼǿȴ׿ǳ

Ҳһ̣ܷ˲һ㶣ȥȴԵǸȻȻϣҲڲϺˣϴǸ֮ɫ
ǸˣʦǣʦΡֲסˡ


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ŵĹâڵĵӣ˼ؿλ𾴵ĴʦԶȥӰ۵⡣
أأһʹ
ʵû뵽ǻᱻλ캰ҪסǵĴʦ
ؿһУ׿Ϊ˵ҲڴȼЦǻûôոʦָǴһܼѪȫԸά磬óѡȫԱڶãǾŸһҲ˰ɣǺǺǡ
Ƥ̲ס˶һؿԵķжѯʵĿ⡣
ƺҸʦֵܶӣԵԴһֱʹţ֧֧˫Ҫ˻Żȥָĵ׼½˫ᣬ˴֣ǡ
ڣԵ޳Сˣαӣǡ
Ȼû˵꣬һܻشǻ꣬һ죬׿һͷǴǺݺһ˦ӣʱ㽫ϵȫϡ
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žһڵϣްֻһֻ˫ͫȴǳ˷ߺ޺Թң֪ɺϻ׿ƵúãΪ֮
Ǿӱǿѹ󣬷߿գֵ䵽ԵΧΧһȦ
˵˫Ŀصֻһ̧ۣ̲סŵһ򣬲ҶӣȻɫ
սеĹڼˣҲĵؿ²мһ
ΪߣӭѶѾ˲мˣԼϦദʦֵڻңԼһɾƷˡ
ºôڣãйԱҪ⣡
ǵڻô󷽷ϣҲʧΪɣԺͶħˡ
ڣŤ̬֮Уȴ˶ĵúܣѾǲǸ˰
εس̾ҡҡͷ֪ħ֮⣬ʧس̾ԵǱûģ
ˮŮҲǰһȻصͷһؿ
治Ǵ׼年ĶŮӣαӵһ۾Ϳ͸ˡֳеĵӣȴٵúܣֻ֪ħƶȴȫ֪Եĸӣ
ʵţԵڵӣ޳ܵԺҪ˱ᣬ˾Բֵύ
һˣˮתۿüͷֹ
ʦ㣬㿴ҸʲôΪ׿ӮһƲ֣ͻˮ۹⣬һ㶣ʵ
ˮҡҡͷ̾ûʲôСܣǿϢеöˣҪԴΪ䣡
Ŷͷذڰ֣쳣ĮȴǲΪ֪һĺ⡣
³һˮתһǡ֪ģʼվãԼСĵܵܣԽԽƫˡ
ৣ
һ׿ӰͻسԵǰƯֲľϴŹЦݡ
ͫһԵæڰ֣гͣͣˣ㲻ٶˡҿûгֲʽ磬˵Ͷûٶˣ
ϣǻȥˣԵʧ룬˲˸ոֵʱΣŶսегȵ
һгһ˿мҡҡͷųϵ˸ɫ
ǶᣬϿš
ʱ䣬һ׹СɽУгϵҲش˹ȥսħڶսڣħʤ˫ж䣡
䣬սɽХĻɷλҲǺݺһ߬ȭͷ˷ܵ㵸
ȻǶĿڣˣֹס˷ڲѡ
εȽڵӣҲǱ˴˶һۣȻһЦħڴڣһ·߹λϣʵڿϲɺأ
ȻΪ׿Ĺϵֹǰܿǧλ˱䶯Ҳлϲġ
֤ݵڲϽȥħڳΪ˫ĺôһΣ͸ֵǽˡ
ǣģ
еļᶨ֮ɫʮӱ˴˶һۣȫ˺ĴЦ
·߹ݳɹģһ
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ǸСɽڣгϲϵȻ£׿ǰеĽŲȴûͣ£ԵƽǹаĻȡ
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ιιιѾˣ׿㻹ҪʲôһţԵͷ󺹣ʧ룬ѡ
׿ܲˣ˫ԺĹضˣֱأ
ħͽǲ֮˭֪ǻʲô
Цһ׿ÿɷҡҡԴӡһǳʱصڣǺǺǡԵ㲻صģǸܽصˣгѾȻٶ㡣ң㳤ûпҲᶯ㣡
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ǺǣôܣħͷɲЩСħͷɱȣôױҵŵһı
ƺ룬׿ȻһЦݺļֱĵһ£ŴЦûҲ㣬ȷҵ˽Ĵڡһ룬ϲһĶ֣һĶѡȫΡЩϽ֮ħδǰ;ǰһЩԵƻģؼʱ̾ͱͬ飬ӵѵĻǲ꣬ħһͳ˰
˵ʵǵĸǣҳ㻹ôܶһָͷȥ֮úøɣöͬţħͰ㵱һŰˣ
׿ٴļͷϷŰħڵҲȫЦѡǹս˼ˣҲ̲סЦ
û׿ȻֻϷŰ֮ԣ˼ûġٶ༸Եαͷ죬ǻǰ;ǰ
׿Ȼ˹ңҲòϣθɵƯСٷŻڵңšѾеδħǹҪմˣħ죬һЦЦֹ
һԿãҲҡͷʧЦֹһ£ֻԵڣƶҪΪݵЦˣ
ò˵Լҵģ
ЦſΧЩȻЦúϲ£ǣҲݸһЦÿɷҡҡԴ
ҲʱҲֻǱȡЦԵЦ˰ɡ
̲סݺһ飬Եɫؿ׿һ߳Цһͨǰ׹⣬ص˶սȻȥ
ţħħڵĶսΪħ̫ڶսʱشⳡսħ߾ȫΪ׿°ܽҲֻϧܸգ
֮ڣħ˾ǿ̫ڵǰ׿Ҳ󾢵УͬΪʥ޴ˣĵӣҶۡ


694 սҶ

һ쳹ڶսϿգճսе֧飬ڳ˶ˣ
һ֧ݳ˫Ժǿţ֮ף̫ڡǧ겻ɺĵλһֱߵĹڣ˿ժ£
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һƥǸ߸ϵһʱҲڲͣز²⣬һţܷסⲻһĺ
ǼϣܵסҰĳ۳ң뿴ƥҰǸ߸ϵţŲĵλײ龰
쳣ìܵ飬˶ħڵĳڴһΣ¾ߵĶս̫ܹһס֮׵ĵλħһ·ǰУƲɵһԾΪڵİⳡ߶Ծ˼ѡ
ֻڳڣ֮ˣҲ쳣ŵؿһУеǸtýģȫ΢΢Ĳ
Ѿжˣûгֹ˿ҵĶսˣü׿һУһˬʵЦ
Ҳ΢΢˵ͷЦûǧĵλ䣬ݰǰˣҲ˲٣˲ų֣οɺãλ䣬ἤڣú˰ɣǺǺǡ
˵ͷüΪȻλ𣬱㽫Ŀ붢׿Ҷ۵ϣΪ֪սʤվǼڴ˶˼ϣ
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ڳڣֻҪϹҲ֪˫ĿضǶ˵Ӱϣɢ˷ܵĹâ
˴ڶսɲֻǾ֮׵⣬Ҫ˭ĵһŵӣδݵһˡ
ڵӶѵ룬Ȼǵ⣬ϷҪһ䣬ħڣҪս֮ף̫𣿡
гƺҲЩȻеǰ˸ͷΣ֮ףҪֳհ
ƽɲ˵
ȻĶƽˣﻹֵס⻰ո֮ʱڳ˾ź񷣺սսս
ԸȻǣս׿һȭͷȳ
һٴαһХ˷쳣гҲ΢΢ͷЦ⣺Ǻã磡
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һռ䲨λųٴδǸͨɽȵڡ￴׿ǫѷһЦȴ˽ȥ
׿ƤһϵĽָҲ̧ǰȥûǣɻָвأ취Ҹͷ֪طųС
ʱΰգ͵õʱӦˣ
ʱ˿̣׿ϱν൱أҶ۵һսжԵĳŵ
µκһܵӦֵشȫԸô½ϵһ𣬾Ҫúıˣ
νָ˦ȥ֮Ļգ˻ɣǸ˵˼ƽϣܷ˳УÿҶǱߵĶϷΣ
³һ׿ͫһʱǰ׹Уʧٴγ֣ǸСɽС
ΣϤĺܣҲȺˡмʽʽä㣬˭
ˣ
һܵĿռ䲨ħҲȫ룬ʽһ
ǺǺǡ׿ʵǿҪһϧûˣСʦܷҪ˵ģĳҲöãֻܵ´ˣ
Цһ̧ǰ׿˱˱ȭǫţһãҶõǰ棬˴սڵҲ˽⣬嶼һ˳ġΣҲһ˾ʤʦܴϳɣǾһԿţ֣
˵ţҶٴһǹ˷ܵЦݡ
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ȫǿһ˵һôûС˵Ҳģ㲻˵̫ˡ
׿ƺҲܸеԼ˵ķŭҪһسӰ㣬Ų̫תȦЦִ˵ĲҵĶսȷһһСһս𣬹ڵӾæҲ岻ְ˵ǲǣ
ûһݳǵЦ
׿ԣۣǻ˵ûãһսǲҲ岻ôаëǮô
˵ĺһһǨǣʵѾĸû²뵽˸߹սУҪҲȥͱڻҹˣʲôͷ
ԼĶͷЦһҡҡԴȴǲÿɷ
һ㣬ҲϣϾ滰鳡滰ʵҪصģҪϲԼĽǲµġ
̫ȴҲ¶ŭݣƺԸһƵġ
սеĹڼڵһ棬㽣ţǹལӣ˷ܣа񫣬ⳡսһܼң
ʦܣ㲻˵ʲô𣬷Ÿݻ£￴ЩʦֵܶѾŭɶˣʧЦһҶۣ૵
üͷһҶؿһۣӣԴ׿ʮֹسϵû˵ĺܶԣЩУʦ⣬˻ԺԲơⳡսҵ飡
̲סݺһ飬һͷЦʦܻǶ治֪Լų
Ҫһ䣬ܼǺһӣҪţȴνˣ
̫ڵӣҲͷߴ£ҡҡԴ
λСʦܣԺרҵ
ǣ֪Ҷһʥ޴ΪЩӷƾʲôǳ
УҲûôֻչĶ࣬Ƚ׽ѡֻ׿һǸ߹ʥ޴ˣֵ֣ضԴ
ǶԶ㣬һǶ˵սನǵĻҿɲܣɫһ࣬Ҷ˻֣ǿʼ峡ˡ
֪ƢҡҡͷǰķԸ˳Զ
߶ĲȻһͣ׿ҿ˿ؽ磬°ͷǸĽǶȡҲǶԶݳ֣һָ˵Һǧ֮⣬һˣһѪ
˲һ㶣ԣֱ˿ˣΪλҪƫƫܹȥ˵
ף׿Ҽ󷨵ǣǸǣڵһ£һ㵤
Ǻڲ֮£Ŷ׿ܼҵΣ˻˵ָĵص㡣
ˣ¾㱸ֻǷ磬ǡ
ͫ͵һ׿һ̤ųڵ㣬ݺҶײȥұ۷˵ĺ⡣
ҶҲһЦ˿壬ͬǽ͵̤һɫĻ㶸Ȼ֣һ̣Ǻ׿ǰзŽɫһȭݺŻȥ


695 ⲫս
̲ͫסһ׿һȻ֪Ҷٶ죬ԣᵽٶȿ쵽˷ָĵز
һգ۵ĹδӦҶ۱۽ǰ
ûа취ͻһȭ׿ԭ׼һȭʱһΪǰһλãΪأȴȻʧȥȻ

һصı췢Žɫȼգ׿ӵʱҶһȭ˻ȥǹȵ¶ȣȻ׿۶еһʹС
أ׿ɫأȻһ˲
ˣħڵӺɷλ̲סһ˼ؾгôܣ׿ܼҾȻⲫսһ
ֻǲţ׿ԼҲѽʵ
ԭΪҶۼ˷ķףҲеĻ廹
ֻҪܿײֱಫ㲻ѹƣҲռϷ硣
û뵽Ҷ۵Ҳǿ˿֮¡ѵ˵Ѿĸ࣬Ҳһӵܣ
Ǻܿ׿ҡҡԴƷ뷨Ǵֵ壬ֱ̣ӦСǿı̬ʵȴǣǿҲԼڰ֮䣬ûﵽСֲĳ̶ȣ
ѵ˵Ҳõ죿
üͷ׿̧ԶȥȴҶҲһа߿ֻղŻӳһȭϣɫĻɢȵĹâʹܱߵĲľѸٿήȼ
ɫۼȭͷʱʱ֣ķϢ
׿һȻɡȻСӵѲͨ࣬ˣ
һⲫս׿Ҳû˱ʤİգ
ֻһʥֶ֮˭֪Էмָˣ
ȫ¶ǿɾ鷳ˣⲫսϽûκʤ㣡
üͷ׿ϳƲҵǽһĻĶüҲ̲ס΢΢һ£²һ
û׿Զʱ¶صı顣˵ǰҲǿг֣졢߼ҸΧȣٲ£Ҳа취ӦԣҲδ˼ɬݡһΣȴǸ⡣
Ҷۺǿ˶ĿãʵԶҲ˵ǣⲢ³صɡ
ΪǰҲ龳ôΪʲô¶ûŵЩзء
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˵ֻǳһ֣ǳеӣֻйۿˣֻҪϹӣȻ˶ߡ
׿˲ѹƣ˵ʵƺȻֳʤһ֮䡭
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ʱҶаЦһʤ׷ٴλΪһ˲׿ǰһȭ
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ǣ׿Ҫ֮ʣҶ۵һ۰ȻҲ˽ɫĻ棬˳һ˦һ׿ۺݺײһ
ʱ䣬׹ػѲෲֱ̥ۣײһľ죬ʱһֲĿռ䲨ȵĽף˲ܷɽ֮ǻΪһƬ棬ɢ֮С
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ȴһ׿Ҷ۵ĽףǽʶˣҲڡ
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䣬Ҷ۽һ̤ٴλΪһ⣬׿ȥ˫ϽɫĻӿɱδǱƵ׿̲סϢһͣЩ
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²һݣ׿ʱͫһҴ⣬֮ͫнɫ⻷һһͫһأλλƵƵʹ
Ϊ֪Ҷ۵ĿֲٶȣҲֻλλԸˣ
ǺৡһһӰڿб˴˽ȭ첻ϣǽ˷ⲫսС
ǵӰһţһط֣ٶ֮죬գ۲Χͨɽڵļ󷨹ۿ۾ҲȻ϶˵ٶˣ´󺧣
ǿ˶ˣԸ˽ֵĻ˼ӰӶͱɱ˰
ħεһھڵӣǿľ
ʵ꣬Ǽֱ֮𰡣ǵⲫս˭֣
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⣬ʵ̫ˡ
Ǿħڡ̫ڵӣֳ͸ǾǳˡΪ侳ˣ紵գȴӰǵľһģɫЩ΢ס
ⳡⲫսУ˲ٶȣﵽһֳȻ֮ǹɿֲѹϯȫʱ˶һ֣ǵսһ֣Ҫĸо
̫ڵڵӣҲˣΪսɶ˵ĸսǲֵԭˡ
ǰҶʱ׿ʱһ㣬ûԴʵʹɾ㲻ˡ
ڣԣֽģٷְʵӣܼٷ֮һٶĳ̶ȡ
˿µͷȫʱ֪ʲôУʵز
ǰҲֻڵķݶˣ˭ҲһŽȥȻ֮ء


696 ֮ս

һľ죬쳹׿Ҷ۶˵ӰҲڲתŲƣӰһڶߣһ
˿һУĿϾӣ˳Ŷ˲ӰƶڲϵҡԴȴã֮ɫ˴õôˣֻܿӰӣȻ
ڳҲֻ֣ܹ˽սһһǿ֮ơ
ȻҶۻǼһﰡƤ΢΢һ𲻾̾ҡҡͷⳡⲫս׿ײҶǹˡ˵׿һΪǿ󣬵Ҷһȣȴʵвȱ
ص˵ͷüʾͬͬ̾׿巽̫ƫִֻһֱ۵ġǰһķӦԣҶȴǡ̫ȫˣ
ҲįʱüͷһʧЦſ˰üһۣǶǺǺǣ
ҡҡԴüЦϲ»Ц
˵ţüһصؿս̾оһֱϣȻõһۣҲĶСҶ۵ķʱѾЩ֧ˣ
ԣսȥҲһصص˵ͷ
Ҷ˫ϽɫȼҲˣ˫ҲܽסǺҶҿ׿ֻһֻǶ֧ʱ·硣
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һˣ׿üͷ̲סҲһ³ȥ
ĵ飬һȫǵҶۣһһұۣȫ£ʮȶǴԼʱˣԼذɰ
뵽˵ԿӵоԪʱ龰ʱҲûˣҺСæŰСס
ףȵȣСѲΪлͨ𡣿СӲ֪ûͨ챾죬ҪûеĻ
оһ׿ҶۿĻ£뵽ʲô㣬ͻһȭӳԷ⣬ȻϺ˼ʱ֮Ϸȥ·ҪƵġ
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һͷ޼һͷ޺󣬿ʼ˺ҧһݣ
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ǣʱͻ˭Ҳû뵽ǣ۾Ȼأرһµ㣬ݺݵسҶ
󣬳ţӲ㣡
׿һȣű޿ƥеѹݺҶ۵ϣ

һ죬Ҷ۵˫ȭǺݺײ֮ϣһصľ졣ȻΪŵһҶҲ̲ס˫ۿһһĹǱɫأرɫȻѵֵһ˿ϡ
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һнɢȥǿȵʱȴȫˣ
꣬ʲô⻹ϵ
ˣһؿȻѿڣȫĿɿڴ˵һ仰
λ𣬴ʱ˿ҲǴؿһУüֱƮգ֪ŵãǾã
ϼһôǵһοϡŹֵ°СӾôұۣȻ˴׳
ʵڷ˼
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ѵǸһĹʦܣףͱһֵĹһŲ
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ţҶ۵˽⣬Ҷ۾׾Ͱ˵ġֻţ׿ҲţոǿҶۣڻһϢûС
ԣɺݺѹţõһ˿ɳ֮
ǣڴʱ˶ûдǰлعʱ򣬺һ춸Ȼ·
ţһɫĻ棬ǵ·ϴܳ
üͷ̲סһ׿һʹһ㣬ش˹ȫµʱǣȴһֱҧţұϻһݺѹסǸҪܳСӡ
Ȼһз·ûʲôã׿Ѿóȫѹƣһ̧š
·ɽ緢һ㣬ǿڲϵѹƣ赲ɿµ

Ȼһ˻дȽ׵籡ɽСɽڲƶһȫ׵ӣѣ˫˫ͬʱӲһ޽Ÿ
ȫ£Ѿ˽ɫĻ棬ۼҲȫ£ңңȥﻹиӣһۼ׵Ĺ
ٸֻǺһβֱͣӾһֻѵˣ
ڳ˿һУɸһ˴˶һۣǲ˼֮ɫֻǹﰡһˣһҲ˰
ѹǰڵӣǿǶˣԭˣѹͲš
׿һУǹɾڲϵؽ϶ɫҲ̲סسЩˡ
ȻСȫ˸죬ӳ׶ˡҲӵʥޣѹһۺԼȴôҲȲˡ
ⲫȻˡ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿ɳ̾һһȻ˺ףûӮϣ

һȣҶȫɫĻ籡ǺݺһƣŸӷ˳ȥ
׿Ҳ£һ򣬱˦ɵ˰Уͣӣǰһȴ̲ס󺧣ԭҶȻٴ߳תۼ
׿ۣⲫսУȻˣûϣˣҶͬһֻ͵ľ׿ͳȥЦ˷֮ɫʥ֮ҳԽ룬Ϊ̤ϴ̤ʯ
䲻һ׿ƺʲôʲô֮սʲô֮սΪⳡս֮һǰ̤۷һΪԷĶʳԶʧܵӰУлƴ
Ҳ˵ߵĴ֮·øӼѡһս䡭


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ߣУӭѶϣֻҪһŲģһֱԼĵȥֻ߲֮ͬһֻҪֳʤ̡
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Ϲʥޣ֮ûзֳ̹ΪԺΪ󣬶Ǳ˴˶һԳԽ֮ԴΪ٣ưԣ˭Ҳκβ˭
ǣԣһްܱǴޱȻΪԷ֮£̧ͷԣʤΪ
һɣȻҲţ໹һӾɣʮӶʮӱʮ겻
ԣҶ۵ⳡսһ˿ûʲô˵ĻӮֻҪпϵģһسӡ
ǶǶ˶ȴô£Ƕ˶ʥ޴ˣҲҰ޵֮
ŷһˣԶ䵽Է֮£Ұ޵֮
࣬䲻ȫ֣ٻľܵӰ졣
ԣν֮սҲһϣӮ̤ڶԷļͷľϸһ¥ԼĴԽˣҰһԶӰԷðһͷԽĴ֮·д͵ģ
һʼ׿ûôֻ࣬ǾҪսļ¶Ҷ۵ŷӦ
ԭһսĵǽĴɾͣһ͸Ӳˣ
ΪӣֻΪĵ˳н谭
뵽׿ЩįģӢҶԼͫһʱһ˦˹ȥ̤ӵļߣûšսӱӮ
ߣûнܹͳĴаɣȻὫʥ޵ͨõ˺·ƾ߰Ĵ򷨣Ӯҵģ
оһҶ۷·𿴴һУŭһһһž˦ȥβƿɨ

ʱ䣬һ쳹ҶһɨһõĽɫβҲһɨȥ
ɫ渽ϣһ㣬ݺݵն£

һξҵײ벻ȴǷˣǰţһξǱ׳βһɨ֮£ʱ˿ȥ
ңһڵıӡؿͨϣ˿˿Ѫ̲ס˳
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һâһ֣׿ұٴλֱָ۵ģһȴȫģǱҶһβԭ͵ġ
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в׿ֱ۲ȥ»ЩšҶۣȻǿ˹
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ҡҡͷоһ̾ʵһʼ׿־ͽⳡսʤؼⲫսˡⲫսռţսеĴⲫսˣô򣬿Ҳĥʱˣ
ԣл΢΢һת׿һ׿ǰ֮̾ɫ
ֻǽʵħڡħڵȸطĸ֣龰ҲȻ³˾Ųʮˣ׷׶Դҡͷ
Ǹ̲סվ׿˫Ŀ֮еǣԱѹոջ¶ɫԭһжⲫսˡǵ֣ԷǱǿʱѾûȡʤϣˡ
˵ţǵˮԭҲ֪ΪΪ֮𡭡
ǽ㣬ǻǿôʤδ˸Уæ԰ο
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һ棬˫עĿһУü˼Ҳ΢΢ҡҡԴ
Ȼ֪ҶΪΣ׿Ѿ֪ʲôԳٳٲԸսСĻⲫսոʧ֮ʱתսԷһֲõĽַ룬Ȼ
üҲǵ˵ͷⲫսͬٲתսսѽᣬʤѷ֣ûٴȥıҪˡ׿⺢ӡѰܣ
ţͿԼ䣬սˣ΢΢ͷ˫ͫɢľ⡣
ϣսװɡ
ɽһ䣬ǽָһԣȴȥѰʥǰעⳡսһֻϼ°ͣɫµСӣⲫսֻһ̽ս׼ôϷɻ뿴ŤתǬء㣬ɲҪϷʧ
֨
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׿óѾˣӽʥĵӰ˷ӵ£㻹ǸϽɡ˵ãСܣԺҵϴ㵱϶ҲӰеĴԺһͬʥ򣡡
ҶһǰЦϾ֮£˰޵ģֻͬˣ
мƲƲ죬׿ЦһʤΪ߿ܣҪʤ߳Ұ֮߸ʤһܵóоᣬǰ·
֪һã˭Ƕʥ޴ˣʥ޵ͨȻҲ̳ǵĵͳû취ˣΪԼҲã
ǺǺǡǸӵϴϰˣмø˵Сܣ
Цһ׿һĹâȵⲫսӮˣҾսӮյʤһӵģ


698 
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㻹ʥ޵ĸͨĻҿԺȷظ㣬ΪڸϣȴĩġΪ봫ˣⲫսˣȫˣ޷ϣȰ㻹İɣ
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۾΢΢һ£׿Ҳȫһ㣬Ĵвֻһ·߰ͨںϡ
ȻЩͨûоͨʤֶηࡣ˶ֶα˴˽ڣܲڶı仯Ҳһֱ仯ʤ֮Ҳ˵
˵һ㣬Ҳ꣬ӮǴأ
׿ȻûбʤİգҲûȫʧȥϣͷȻֱսʤҪȴ֪
Ǻ׿ͫһǶ˵ֱֱҶ۳ȥʥʥޣվˡʥ޵ĳ̱ȽǶ˵ʤ̫ˡħɷڶʽצ

һ޺׿۷˵ĺâҪץʰ㣬һצҶץȥ
ߣڤ粻飡Ȼʥ޴ˣʦʵ;˵ӵʵʦͨǵӵͨʥ֮ϣΨһϣʤҵģǴڣȻûˣ
һҶͬһ䣬һ̤ݺݳǰȥȼŽ׵һֻצͬ׿һצץȥתצ˺צ

һ޴գ˵ٴκݺײһȴǵʱһ𡣿ǣȶ˷ֿ쳹
ɳľ޴꣬ͬʱӶϣֱ˳߲ϼβһް㣬ƿռʣݺԷȥ
䣡
һľ졣ֻƴ˸൱޴ȥʱ㽫Сɽܵɽ˲ĨƽΪɻңС
ħ̫ڵӣҲ쵴£ļ뿪ȥǾ֮ɫ
׿֪û뵽ҶҲӵߣ
ˣȻȫɵˣҶ۵Ƕ˴ҲǵһμҲϺ꣡
Ҫ֪ǧҲ˫۳˴˵ȳȻ֮꣬˭۳ˡ
ڣ겻ٴݣһӶһΣ˶ˣͬʱµ˷֮Ըӡ
ĶԾȫ൱ǿ˫Ծǿ붼ġôҲ벻۸ǿԾ˴˫ǰսֱ׬˰
ֻЩͨˣ˫ˣҲ̲ס˫˫վ𺧵ĳ棬סˣ
ôҶҲꣿɵգգ۾ƺЩŰ㣬૳
ص˵ͷü𲻾һ̾ǰǻˡǶһħһͬʱϡе꣬ϷڿʱԼһ㡣
ǰ˸ǵĺһ츳
Ƥ΢΢һƬ̺عЦǺǺǡǶ˵˰ֱһģ̳ģ
ؿһۣüҲЦһ˵ͷȻ֮ɫ
պ󣬲ˡ
ǵ˿һУǰ׿ΪγٳٲϳԭԭҶ꾹һ޶ҿӣй֮
սϣ׿ȷһʼʹˣ
ңңȻ˴˽֣ԵģҶߵǿһ㣬һؼѹ׿ǵ±ֹס
ս֮У˵Ҳڱ˴˶ԿֺˣҶ׿һ׿ڲ˵꣬аЦ˵ƴ꣬ҵĶ֡ԭʼ̬Ѿ·ˡʹ洫ڵڵĻ㽫û˿ȡʤ֮
ߣǿδأ
۾΢΢һУ׿мһ˫ͫһɣȳ䣬
䣬һ죬׿꾹ǰһ㣬ϼâţƬƬۼױÿҰ壬羫֣һʱ
βһ˦һͽҶ۵˳ȥҶһܵ𵴵Ҳͬʱ׿һȭɳȥһ𱻶Էˡ
龰ħ˲뻶ΧҲǸźֻоڵûʲôһֱؿһУɫ£ûʲô͡
̫ڵӸƽ磬ƺҶ۵һʧ˿ΪȻƵģ
νп֣пŵ
ֻоڸֲ֮ܿ£׿ʹ䣬ʵѾ·ˡҪ֪Ҷ۵仹ûʹֻ֤ûó汾£
׿֪ͬһ㣬һл˶Է󣬶˵׷ȥҪʤ׷ҪƶԷóƣĻƵ˱
ǻһЦݣҶ۵һֱţȴ˿Ϊ⣬૳Ȼʶһڵ֮ǾúüʶһɣǺǺǡ
䣬
ͫ͵شҶ۵жʱӿһĹâȳ
ʱ䣬Ҷ۵ӺͬʱͣɫĻܳԭ㣬Ѹȫ߲ϼâʱѸû˽ȥʧһĹ߲ʾǶʱΪһӲӣ
ͬʱצ֮ϵצҲǰ͵͹һ࣬һŻ泤ǹ㣬ֱɢŰ֮
ǱһצץµĻӲ֮ҲҪץһſɣ
Ӳһͣ׿ͣسǰδǰֻԶԶӴȵĻ棬˴ǰȻһֿҪɵĸо
ȫ˼Ƭ̺׿ͫһһôһǰĳ˹ȥ
ô֪֪ҪҪ̽ԷʵУ
ƺȫ׿˼ҶһĨаЦݣȴ˿ΪȻЦʶһʵǾԸˣҲ޿κΣ

·ǻӦҶ۵ĽƵģһХҲЯӿݺȥֻգ۵Ĺٴײһ
ֻһΣȴǰһսˣ㣬ݺݵؾһ𡣶⣬Ҳ׿ƽΣʱ̡

һ죬Ϊβһ˦ʱǽϣҪɳȥڴʱǽצȴ͵һץ׿ǲŵĿУݺݵؿ˳
ȵĻʱӿ룬óһʹذ޴ֹס
׿Ҳɫһ죬ԺأȻһʹ۵һһȵѪ³ɫ˲Ұ


699 
׿㿴˰ɣĸ죬ǾͶɣȻĻ
ԭҪɵӣΪһצץ˳϶ͣţǽʱһڣǳһܶ˦ѲĲ
ңײϵ˿ųһ˻ǲâΪֵĻȻյһëûˡ
ǼˣǳҲֹסľΰţƺ൱ʹӡ
׿Ϊ֮ҲӲɫɷ׵ÿ£ȫѱ亹
Ҷңң׿ɴЦ¶ЦݣԶ׼ҵĶ֣ٲͶĻ¾³ˣ
˵ţҶһ·õָһ㣬һţٴζǳ棬ֱǳյһ죬ʹ಻
׿Ҳȫֹ˫ȭգȴǽҧأһԣֻ˫УȴǷĲ֮ɫ
˼ˣȫһ̾˿
սⲫսһʼͱ˼סˡȻСҲ֪սߣӲƴԲⲫս㾡ȫġ
սǰһⲫսϧ˿ռϷ硣
ûа취ӲͷƤһŲ֮ģǿʼսʵʵսȻƴ
ƴƴʸҲûУ˼Ҹѹˣ
׿ûκλ̣ᷭ
е˶Ϊ׿䶨ˣ׿궼˼ֻܲгǣһֱ˫ȭлϣ֮ɫ
ǽ㣬ѶҶ̫ǿˣ׿ˡǽӣҪ԰ο
ǳȴһֱᶨ񣬽׿֪սûʲôգֻҪԼû䣬ҾӮһ
²һݣŮǣ̾˿°̾äĿΰɡ
λ龰ҲҡҡͷͬʱҶ۵ķ֮ɫ
Ӿʲô·֮Ȼ֮Ϊ׿Ѿˣû뵽Ҷ۵꾹ȻǿʵǡǶ˲꣬¶ɣ磬س˿
üҲ΢΢ףʾͬû·ʤοˡҶ۵꣬ƺǰǿ̬ģʵβܳȥȻǰˣ˰
ü̾һۣҲ΢΢ͷĿؿ׿ų̾һվгϵҶӮˣǻɣ
ʲô
̲סһгһŵؿλķ򣬻ΪԼء
ٴ˫ᣬλһԹߣĹƽӲڵӼĶսһж
ڣʱ仹ûʱ仹úܣλȻҪսʤˣǧͷһⰡ
һʱ䣬гҲɶͷԣһãӡ
ﲻ֪ʲô𲻾̾һʤѾˣѵֳ𣿡
һ£гȫӦˣؿһСɽ¶ʱȻһС
ԭλ׿ܵˣԿھһǶٰ
Ҫ֪λУݽ档˫˻ҲûλģΨ׿
պ󽫻λĳ谮˰ĸģ
²Цһг˫ңңһݣűųϵɫɤӣ׼ֹǣʤˣ
Ȼڴʱλųϻûд򿪽ͨгҲûüǰһаЦȴСɽд˶У̲סһЩëĸо
·ǰҹĶһ㣬ɭɲ
СӣҲҪиȣͶߣ㻹䣡һɭɭЦ׿̧ͷȻһ֮࣬˫֮ͫȴȻһ⣬ûǰ뵣ǣǳķ
ķ̶ֻȵĻôǸˣӮˣ䣬ħ
أ׿ͫһȻ󺰳ˣҶ۶ûӦôǰ׿ȴһ
ţĹâȥ޴˫ͫһգ·˯˰㣬ǺâʧǾٴĿȴȻһƬ֮ɫ
ǰǿ񱩱Ű⣬Ȼʧȡ֮ȴڵ˫У·޾ɡ
ͬʱǾҲʼȾ֮ɫֻգۼ䣬˲仯Ϊһڵĳ죬ȴɢżΪΣյϢ
̲ͫסһҶ۵ʱһ
⡭ô£꣬ôɫľͱˣʶˣ·һһ
λˣҲ̲סһ𺧲ѣ
˵Լ͵ͳйأһԽϣ㲻ٱ䶯ˣôһֽȻ෴䣿
һֲб׺ݣһȴݶ·ڰеɱ֣
ؼ䣬Ȼͬһֻϳ֣ʵ̫˼ˡ˫ģǻһӣû˹顣
ֻǣָ׿ĵʱһҲ˲סˣСһ򵽵֮ôʵ̫˰ɣֱ͸һô̬˵Ĺʲôмֵͳ
һʱ䣬е˶һУ۷׷ףﲻѣгųϣһʱԼ
΢΢һ̣׿û˵ĿֻаЦе鱨Ѽȫˣڡʼ
䣬һ޺أȻǺзˣҶ۶ëȻ鷢ˡ
ȻβһȫʱתǽӡȻһţһھҧ˽ϣǽ̲ס˻ҽг
Ҷ۶پһʹ֪𣬲һæɽӾ̰㱼ӿ
Ǻȴ׿㣬ĺܣ˿ӦĽ
ȫºɫһתױ˲䱻Ǻڣתʧ
̲ͫסһֵһҶ۴һˡ
⣬ôܣǿķװ
ʵˣ׿Ծħ۵ǿħ󻯾ĵڶ꣬ħһﶼɵĴڡ
꣬ҶǷķףǰûˣ
һʱ䣬Ҷ۵ɫʼ׿ķҧгݣ⣬ͨ𣿡
ǺǺǡΪأ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡˵վˣʥ޼ĳ̱ȽϣǲǾõġڻΪսһӮ𣿡
Ƥ΢΢˶Ҷ۵ɫ˲૳Сˣ㻹Լ˲ٹ򡣼ȻˣҾ㿴ʲôɣ
䣬ҶѸٽᶯӡ˫֮ڣ


700 
ǿ֮ħȻ죬ܿҽף̫ˡھ㿴һľе̬
һȣҶӡǽᶯϣչֳıŰɣ

һĳǽȫɢҫ۵Ľâһ𣬾ͽħˡ
ţħûüȥ˺ҧȫµ۾ǿֱһƬƬϸСĵ㣬ֱֱħӣ滹ȵĽڲȼգ̱죬·Ҫըһĸо
̲ͫסһ׿Ȼ֪Ҫʲôһ˿ΣյĸоǶ˵ƾŶսֱæһħȥ
Ȼˣħûü뿪ǽǰϵĽһħȥȵĽħڣħɣЩ۱ȻȻرը
ǿҵĳŽȵķգħȫ濪ʹʹʹֹסȫ鴤ֹ
׿ͬܣԺҲһʹƤ̲סݺݳ鶯
龰Ҷ۲һЦٴָǽ˲ħľצħ޴ͷ­ϣݺݵҿͳ
ڵħɢɢڿУħֻһ쳹˶ϵĺȻУȼŽ׵צݺݳԴȴ˿֮
һ֣Ҷۿǽħʱ򣬷·ڳ׿ƵģЦħܿҽΣһеĸȴˡ߰꣬Ķ֣ۺʵģսҶ֣
Ҷ۵ſ֮ɫЦΧ˼׿ոһ˿תʤ֮ȴգۼֱԷѹˣŽȼһ˿ϣ֮𣬲ֵĮȥ
˫ҲҡҡͷȻҲ׿һ˫֮ò˵Ҷ꼯أȴ̫ˣȱݡ
׿ĳħÿ궼ܿһϧĶ̰Ҳ٣׾ͱ˼ץסˣȴѹ޷ܶԷǡ
Ƥ΢΢һ˫˴˶һۣղƺ뵽һܣܿҡҡͷˣ
ôܰ쵽һ˫ܿɹôֲܽӵοƺͳҲͬܡ
ĿǰΪֹ׿ȻѾ߾ȫò˵ʤѶ
ܹ϶ΪһĻλãлƺҲ뵽ܣ૳
һһԵαѾҡҡͷȻǲܵģȻħôҲԿ϶Ǽ֮ΪᣬԲܿǽף͸ǵ齣һ㡣ǳͣˡһҪôںϣΪǾʲôûˡҪôˣ˴˳ͻδ˵УԼòʧ
׿һ꣬һһֽȻ෴꣬ܿɹҪһ㣬ȴ򲻿ˡңҲδҶ۵Ķ֣Ϊһ㣡
һüͷһл
ص˵ͷһࣺûǾıŰǿûҶ۵˱̬֮һ籩ꡣ׿ֵ꣬ǳħһԡעڹϣЩ㡣ڷϣҲѷסһԵĹǽ
Ȼ̽һʱһ޺ǵʱСɽдһٴζȥȴֻ׿ٴα˳צһӣ۵һ㵲ǽҿһŭȣһצݺݵǽɫԴȥһ죬ͽǽҷɳȥ
޵УǽҲ俹⡣۵֮ǵ֮һ
սе˲ٴθߺ˷ܲѣΪ׿תϾҪˡ
ʱһֱɵĽȴһӣβһ˦ҵĽٴϮȥ
һ㣬æβһ˦ԴУž䱬УһҺ£ϵۼ׵ʱȵıըը÷ֱֹסƮɢϵĺâҲ࣡
²һݣлο˵ıŰ֮⣬ԭ׿꣬һסҶĽ
˿񱩵Ĺ׿תûκõģǱľ棡
һ㣬ڳֶܶע⵽Ҳֻһ̣ڳйڲŶ׿꣬ҲȻûиı䱻ľ档
һʱ䣬ȫ̾Ϣʧҡҡͷ˫Ǹг˵˸ɫ׼ʱⳡսˡ
΢΢˲׿ٴһ˿죬ȴǲ⣬ֻһôһתΪħڵ彫ϲĽȫյ°ֻ̬κβ
׿Ѿ;ĩ·ˣ̬סҵĽƾƣôⴿĶ֣
Ҷһؿ׿֮ɫҲ˦˦βһؿ·һӵڿһнǱ֮ɫ
мƲƲ죬׿˵ɪ֮ˣǸǰɪģӣСӣĪװƣװһ˭Ҳܱ֤ʤ
Ŷ㻹翹ףߺߣֻҿԶѣ˵ûأʱҰɢˣ
ٺٺ١˴˱˴ˣҪҲܲסԼһЦ׿Ц
ɫһ䣬Ҷ۳ҷඣߣƣ˭ȱƷ裡׺ųƷ죬Խ
ԣԿǰҪ죬Ҿͽ񷶥𣬲ݣǺǺǡ׿ȻЦһǻа컡ȡ
üͷ̲סһҶ¾Щ죬ôС̬ûʲôãˣôأ
ܿ죬˲˼ŹˣΪ׿ٴλΪӿȵ
һЦҶ۲ÿɷ񣬼ߺߣ°ܽǰ㲻ת꣬ȥã
䣬ǽȫٴεһǳϡ
һΣȴǲ㲻ܣηسȥҲûкûбħĴ㡣
˼ˣһ㶣ѵ׿ӲҶ۵ĽǲǴҴ
Уû˿Ӧ԰취
Ȼʱ˶û뵽鷢ˣǳҪЩȵĻƬӴʱϵĺâȴɢζЩ
һ̣һ췢ǾϾȻ͵ȼɫ棬ֻգۼȼΪһɫĻǰȥ
䣬׿ͫһӡϣȳ


701 
ʲôˣ
˼ˣȫˣ˭Ҳû뵽׿ܹһ˫Ѿ˼ˣȴֳĵ̬
ⲻˣλ𣬶е𾪲ѡ
·׷׺ɣСӵĵͳ򹦷ʲô·Ȼ֧ģ
֪׿Ĺħ󻯾Ҫɰٴ׸ǵ̬֮ͳͻΪУ
׿˵䣬ٱҲܡ
Ҷۣ洫УҪ۷ͻ롣ε齣дգᲢ̬֮ҪѽɴĴ̬ȴͳ޷ﵽ
Ϊ׿ĹߵĵͳԾħ۵ĺɰٴܹ˶˵ĴкɵӦ֣ûиеͻ֮
Ҳһͳ޷ǰҶۺڴ̽ѰϣʤϣȴӮڹϣ
ⳡսһʥ޴еãû˱Ҷ۸Ӧ֡ͬΪʥ޴䣬ǴıȲϷ׿֮Ĳ򲻹Ӳʵ
Եģ׿ܹͨת䣬ֲԵĲȱڣҪⱩŰͣͱҪܹɣ

һ˻ƵĽۼ׳ȴ˿壬ô˳ӭȥ
Χ˼ͫһһǣǰһᱻ۱ըը÷ֱ޻֮ʮң
ǵǿײһʱȴǲɵȫסˡ
ֻɫۼɵУȻȻɫĻӿıȽ⣬ȴգۼֱ׸˽ȥŽɫϵı֮أȻɢҲΪɫС
ǺǱĽۺڣϱըȴֱ޸ըۣ֮䣬ûһ˿ή֮Уϵ׸ȼˡ
Ҳͷ޺һ·ǽĳЦ㣬Ȼؼǰȥ˿ûаͣ
ѵǡĻף
̲ͫסһҶ۲ɴһ૳ʦ˵ʥޣֻƹһ棬𣬷ףأһʥ֮ףĻ𣬻ףҲ;ŵԴĻĻ֧
˵˫һһˡܹؼǿıŰ֮ѹסģҲֻǿĻˡû뵽ĻȻϣı󾹻ô˭ͽܰ뻹
һʱ䣬Ҷۿ׿ЩãҲ˺Ϳ
֪׿ֻʥ޵ĴУ׸׿ʾ˵ĶˡǺ׿Ҫۣ϶ӡ
ʲôףǽв֪ôմϵģȻΪõ裿
ԣϸжϣ϶׿ӣ϶ת֮졣ⲫս⣬սԲĶ֣
ڣȴǷˣ׿óһԿݱ䣬꣬ķˣ
ֻϣȷˣǰϵĻ
оһҶҲǰǰ̨һԶ׿ˣһǽŭһȻ˹ȥȷ˽
ߣ˲٣Ϊ꣬ǿΪĻܱ꣬ȵǿ𣿡
һȣҶۺݺݵ׿ȴֻڴУûǰſ
һ֣׿Ȼ֪ĴһʼԸû˾ʤĵЦһ֪̽Ҫ֪鱨
֤ˣ׿սߣЧģСȻˡô͸ȫˡ
¶һаЦݣ׿üЦѵû˵˸һӮҵĻ𣿡
ߣǾԵģȻһЦҶ΢΢̧̧ͷᶨҪľǸͣˣ۵սҵĽ֮ϣƣ
˵ţҶ½ӡͫһٴγһȫ׿񱩣һצ֮䣬βһ˦˲ǰһצȥ

һ췢ɫצݺݵϣ͵Ľɫ棬ӿ֮Уĺ󱳡ϻؾװУ˲㽫ˡ
ˣǹɸ͵צһ˻
׿ҲüͷݺһپһʹϮԺȴɺݺҧš׼ʱоһͬһҲŽŴ֮ʣһצĸץȥ
龰ҶȴǲмƲƲ죬˿Ϊ⣺ûõģĻƹһצҽϣûʲô𣡡
ߣǿδأһ֣׿ÿɷзаĹâ
ˣ
ͻȻһռ䲨һâأ
Ҷۿƺϰ㣬Ц֮ȻҪˡУҲֻɿһϧȴֻѣ깥УֶΡһצཫǽɣҪңɻûС
Ǹ˭˵ֻģ
Ȼ˵ȥ׿аĻط
ţ۵һ춸Ȼ쳹ʣȻƣȴش˵ĶСţ˶˼鷢ˡ
ǷĸȻһֻ͵צֱӴϹᴩֹסй¶ţ
ҶҲأһ˫ͫһ͹һ˼ؿ׿ػʺĹ켣δδֻУһƬã֮ɫ
ôܣ˵꣬˵
üͷ΢΢˶Ҷ۽ӲԴתȥȴңң֮ϣǰͣһ޴ȴǰ֮һһֻȫɫâէֵĳ
Ϲ⣬žצâУݺݴ˽
ǡǡ׻˵ġסƤסضţҶ۷·׿ɻ׻ءѾ̬꣬ôû⹥ǿꣿ
ֻʱΪ˶Ը״ˣȻĻ
룬׿ʧЦһڡϹ˰
ʲô˼˫ͫһҶһã
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿Żش𣬶ָָ䣬ҲһսΨһó֣һ룡֮ǰұĴڡ
̲סһҶƺʲôѪĭڲϺˣһ󾪺ѵ˵ǰһУӣ
·սҲǲһгˣмˣ


702 Ű
ʦ֣˵ʲôһλӲԣɻʵ
üͷ˼ȴǳ̾ҲǺǿһĻҲԼЩ֣׿һСʦװ
һڵȫԣһǿ׿꣬ÿһóôתСʦܵĶ֣Сʦܵ꾹Ȼᱻˣǲ̫һֱѹŴģ׿
ǰⲻǱС͵Ϯ𣿡ڵҲɻ΢΢ͷܿ˴г
ҡͷﳤ̾͵ϮҲҪиʱʱҪôǶִ⣬ҪôԼġ׿Ȼںߡ
Լأ
ƾ׿һצץʵ̫ãʱŤתȫ֡ʵСʦĸ֣ô˴⣬¶ôԷꣿֻǣһʼ˶ԷӣüͷţüչֻǸʲôӣʲôʱͲµģʵԴⰡ
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СһССͣʵǿļҲʵڿ£ķתЩϼһﶼƭˣǰΪĲأ
ḧ룬ɫ£һԵİüϼһ𣿡
ţı䣬ΪӪ
΢΢˵ͷü˫⣬૳һ䣬̽ʵǰѶԷǳ̽ˣ䣬㡣ħĳ֣ǽ׵͵㣬ʹԷ˶Խ׵Ϊ͵Ϯ̵棻䣬յ롣ԽʽĿƣټϱսȴǸӣյн
ΪҪ忪ף˶֣ǽȫ׼һ忪׻壬ҲʹԼȫŴ󿪣㱩¶⣡
ͷüŵһУǰȫ̵ɡҶ۸ԼŴ󿪣Ϊ׿ǰӡ˷˾衣ħ㣬ͽߴȴûսϣһƣ϶Է˲ԼŸұ书һۡ˭֪ɱŷų
Ϸûʲô˵ģʵײУڽ֮¡׿ƺûн£Ȳǽ֮Ҷһ˿׻Ҳûôף
ǡ׿ǰһУ׷ȥ𣿡˿𲻾ֳ³ĳ֣ϣȴûǿĹͷ·һŽƱͯԱ߶ǶֶϽŵڣһֵٷˣȻԥȥΪñ䣬ֲзϱڷɴˣʱȴͻȻһȫڣõͱ˹ȥɣ
ʧЦһü˺һۣĵϼһǻڡνգҶΪʤ׿õСһ㣬ʤĽɣϧ
Ҳûʲôϧģʤ֮ģ˽Сش֮ϼһԷһֶΣò׷һһƵеĻᣬ᲻ģüͷһЦ
΢΢üҲʧЦҡҡͷ̾־͹׿СӳǸ̫ˣҶʵ֮ϣļȴʵ˲١ⲽΪӪ֩ʳ㣬ʤת˲ת˷ʤ
һۣؿ׿Ȼص˵ͷеģǰ;زҪд仯˰
Сɽڣڰ׿˵˫ڣȴصͷЦǺǺǡϼһȻսĶߣһ벻֡ⲫսʱͲˣ
ⲫս㵱ΪӮ㣿
֮У׿һؿҶۣȳҶǽ׿˫Ŀ𺳲ѣѵ˵ⲫսҲһ֣
Ǻܿ죬׿ʼ磬ЦðɣⲫսˣҵȷûӮ㣡
Ƥ̲סݺһ飬Ҷһؿ׿аŭѾˣ
ǡⲫսİܱȻܲģҲ׼
۾΢΢һУ׿жʱ¶Ϻľ⣺νʤΪһֱʤܣΪڽܱתʤӣʥ޽ΪΪĵӣңõͳУҲʰһЩ߽ǶѣСⲫսϣаܵ׼
ˣܰװܡʥ޽ԿҲ࣬õһսİܱݵ֮ģҲáңΪҵʤⲫսҵƶˣһ֮ģսϴĴ⣬ҵڶáڵⲫս϶Ľ죬ӶҪ˳򣬴˵ã
̲סһҶ۽ض׿аݣȫˡʵû뵽׿ڶսô๦ΣЩʦû̹
ʦֻǽʤΪ߿ܣ似ʵΪ
ʵ֮⣬һսô
֪ʦֻҰޣҰ޼ľսܵ㾡ʵôǿһ˻Ʋ̫ǸطֱȽϴӣûʲôթСˣǶսҲ͵úܣ
Ȼڣ׿ʵһϸ¾Ͳ˵ˣؼ۶࣬ʱ㽫һһ㶣ԼΪȻֱŻȻ
Ŷԭ򵥵һܣҪݷʵ̫ˣ
֮ԼǿϣȻҲмһˣҵʵΪʲôҵ׵ԭ򣡡
ţ׿ǣҵǱȽΣûԵĳ̶ȡ֮경ƣһһƽʽһϲһϲپ£ҵףƼҲΪ֮հɡ㵫һ۶һҲɹˡǴ־սҲĲ㣬ôǺǺǡСӣ˵ˣ̫ˡ
䣬׿ӡһ䣬˦צһӣǷצӽڰγȻһը죬͵һצݺؿȥ
ͫһҶ۲ɴ󾪣ȻˣҪٱһΣǻˣǷ˲ɡ
һǽȫ£һɫ档һ棬һȻУʱɢ١
Ȼ׿׵ĵȼǽ׶֣
龰Ҷ۶޳ˣҪôＱҪһԷش׿Ҳ˲ƾĵ
ڣⲻĵ꣬һ걧ͷܣ
ȫ׵ʱҽӽϱħһҧ£ʳĽףš
óʱħתһ䣬нȫںת˺ûܵ
ȻһתΪǿβһ˦ʱɳȥǣǰһûʲôѽ
׼˿ڣһצһצ˦£ץ˽ֺǹɾֱ͸˿Ҳǽһܣ鴤ѡ
Ҷ۸̲ס³üѪԴ۵Ҫըˣ
һ˵Ĵַ꣬任εȺŹҪǿ㳡棬Ǳñȥɡ


703 ڻ

һײ쳹ȴļײֻǼ򵥵ĵŰ
ܴ˲ءٴҲֻܽɣȴ꣬ûʲôŰͣǱŰ֮κȼͻ׷
ô룬꼴תûһǿĹֶΣԶȫĽв
ȴͬˣ͵Ϯһе֣ʱȫķһĿӣڼǳĴҲΪֶܲΣ
Ǻת䣬ħıŰ֮ͽ׷գʱգ޴ӹֻܱ
ˣȴǷˣ˿һʹʹ಻书һۣҲҪ˶ֵĻڵء
ǿȫıŰͽ׷գʹȫҲֻȴشһȼͣԸͬŰףȴǷַܽ޷ӹᴩ
һȻȫڱ򾳵أ·𱻰ֽŵĴһ㣬ĸܺΧһȦȦһ˻Űѵʱһ¡
ǸսսעǸõĺӣֻһһ㣬ȴ޷֮Ҳ޷֮ˣһãٴαǰСһ£ǾҪˣ
׿еȼ͵ģҲ̬ĴڣǶԵ˳вȴĿã
ǽٴ͵ϮǲҷſֽţȫԸһҲֻܱ׿겻ĥģû˰ַ֮
ۿ˿һ˲췴תǱȫסˡôǰ쳣ǿƵĽڱ޻֮
һʱ䣬˶оЩ磬ϷϷǿתҲ̫˰ɣ
Ůһ󾪵ôͣߴߴָǰǽ㣬ոշʲôôûףôһ¾ռˣ
⡭
ϲҲһ㶣ǴӺȴεҡҡͷʧЦȴǹһȻĻȣΪ˽ͷǲ˽Ⱑû뵽սʤóĵط󣡡
üͷһˮŮԣһؿ׿²Ҳһ̾ո˵󰡣ԼѰʤ
ߣѹԵƶ̣ҶҲǸݺҧҧȴһš
ڷʮ󽣵ӣһת棬һ࣬βһͷʧЦ䣬λֵʵҹĿ࿴ǰֻʵ̬ҲżʶʲôŲߣӴˡһʵʤĶս˵ʵôǽĶְǽȴǱѹŴģôӪ˷˼ľģ
ǺǺǡʲô˵ģҲǸ˵ôĳ׼һҶѡڶ̶ʮ䣬۹һλɲƾ֮͡ĶթҲΣղϣߴһٲ򽻵ģĶϺ
ЦһлȻʦ֣Ҳ֪׼Ȩжôпᣬż˵Ĺϵܽ۹Ƕ£Ȼ֤ǼϵĲˡҶľţʵҲ֮ϡıϣŹӣ֣
ؿһֽۣĿת׿룬һ̾سıսʲôıǶԼóʩչŸʩչռ䡣û뵽ıûⲫսչǷսϣĵʶ岻ѡһˡĵӺţ
ͻƣ
ʱŶսһĻϵȴͬʱλģһԶڰۿһеĵ
˵УɢĹâ΢΢Դ
˿΢תȥ׼뿪ˣЦţͻƣ˾СνݣսϷУΨһǽǿĵطҲˣҲǱԷΪԵĵط㡣ǶΪ˻طصıرоĽ˧УרǿĹݣһʤԷһֲǲƣ
Ҫǻۣһɹʧء׿СһҲһսҶΪȴûʲô׼սϣȷ벻Ҳ˶Էһʧǰ㣡ǺǺǡСһ´󵨣ϸ糾գ򵥰ⳡսʤѷ֣ϷԷȥԼˣ
ҡԴһ鳩죬·һսһȻԶˡǣԶһŭȣȴǶȻ˵ĶУҲɵöʱһ͡
׿Ƕһ˻̤ŶԷǰ۷壬˾㣡Ҷ۵ŭȣռ³ѪȻѾȾʪ½󣬵˫ĿȴսͨһƬ˿ûĴ㡣
飬׿ȫܹ⡣
ȻǶ˶ټ̳ʥ޵Ұ֮ͳٶЩӰ죬ҶĹŵӣӰ֮ޡ
һսܣҪԶҰ޼ķ򣬲ΥܿܣԽľһˣ䲻
׿ҲһͬԸ䣬ɲԼպװһܸҶСӵӰ֮·ġ
ԣǶ˴սвɣ˭ã
һаĻȣ׿ӡ䣬Ҳڲϱ仯ǽŹӼ٣Ҫⳡսֳʤȴʱ䣬ƵߣʤѶɣҪ֪׿ʥ޴е£ҲʾġϾҲһɣ
ƨʥ޶֮˵һһģʦ˼ҶһüͷҶ۴һǿ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡νʶʱΪܣʥʵ൱һģŰܾ֡ʦҪսǾɵһ
ʦɵơ̲סһ飬Ҷ۵һŭ
ڴʱһ׿Ĵٴһǿɨβݺݵس鵽ǽ˿ڴʱһ
ҶһѪ³Ǹͬܵش
׿ǵаЦݸۣһ߼ӡһٴοڵЦڴʱ·ƺȻ˶ߣɴгʦܣٸѿ֮ˣʲô֮ϿУʱ䰡Ҫٲ⼸شҪҲˣ
ʲôмˣ
һ㶣Ҷһݺݵؿ׿ҧгݵ׿ⱰСˣңʥ޴𣿡
˵ˣˡߣҲѵǰû߹㣬ܳ˶ȭͷҪ𣿡üͷһ׿Цơ
ҶһŭҪȴִľ棬ѹƻˡ
ǺݺҧҧҶ۽һ̤˰׿⣬һҲһ˦βԷˣ˵ǰ
Ƥݺݳ飬Ҷ۽Զ׿ŭȳ׿㿴ʥ޵ĶսʲôӣʵǾԵģǵСΪ壡
һȣҶ۶Ȼᶯ־ȵλΣڻ꣡


704 иɻ

һǽ̾ӣΧҶ۵ǰɫĻȼգű·һɴ㣬
ӴҲҶΪģھ£ֱҶ۵ϡһΣɲǽȫڣ㣬ÿһ缡
ʱ䣬һױ죬Ҷ۵ȫµʱһصףըѣ졣
ֻػӶһֱۣ·һ˦β㣬ʱֹסܣɽʹ󴨣ľһ˲ڣȻΪ˻ҽʧ
⡭ôܣ
̲ͫסһ׿һλҲһ˼վҶ۵УǾ֮ɫ⡭ֻڻ꾳ֲģں֮
û龳֮Ϊڻ꾳Խȫ֮ϣﵽһֳ֮ΪȻϣ֤겻˻
˵ڵҶȻشսΪһ֮԰ٷְ˵ֱ֤شʱ㽫׿ǰֵ͵ϮɹĨɱʣˡ
ʱҶۣ·ٴλصδ״̬ûаֿɳ֮ҸؼǣһҶ۵Ϊһ壬ǰǿö࣬ȴ׿üͷһ֮ɫ
Ѿġһ¾ǰıܴɣֻص˰ң֮ǰöˡ
üͷסض˶׿˫ȭһݺҧҧ
ۿ˼Ҳǲ뵹һ˴˶һۣ𾪲ѡ
ô£һ龳ĸ֣Ȼʹڻ꾳ֵͨѾҲ̫˰ɡ
׿һվߣҲʹ˻龳ôǱҲͻˣ
Ѿ˸޵ģ˶ֻǿ˭˭ѣ˻治ܸǱȣߣ
ֻгǵȹ׿Σ֮ˣּ̬תֱ£˫΢΢һٴ¶˵֮ɫֳ
ǺǺǡû뵽ɣʥΪΪһ壬ɷָΪӣڻ֮Ҳ˳ˣ
ض׿𾪵ݣҶ۲Цһٴ¶棺׿ڵҾһСķ棬ҿ㻹Ӯң
䣬Ҷ۽һ̤Ȼ׿ٳȥǿȽף̨һ׿ȥδǹǽȫˮֶҪˣ
̲ͫסݺһ׿Ҵ⣬¶ǰδеأæӡһᣬع黤ݡ
Ǻһɵ;س׿ǰĹâǵĹԣǿ֮ȴ䣬

һŭ𣬴Ҷ۳̧һצݺСȥأǿѹҶͷֱֱѹ£Ҷ۲ͫһɣȴЦһ˿Ϊ⣬Ὺڣǰһ¡
һһȵĽױɽȥ֮СĻ浱Ӿһ㣬졣
ֻ֮䣬ǹɽױ˲˳ȫ£յһʹ鴤˻ĳȥһצҲΪգҲĲȥˡ
ҶۼˣЦֹϡ
׿ȴһ飬ǿʹæӡ任أأһתֻΪħɫ彫ϵнȫɣҲûκʹˣ׿Ҳǳһ˲١
Ҷǰ׿ѹôʱ䣬ʱ׾Ͱ֣
ħս⣬Ҳûʲô¡Ҷһţʱħǰ˫һӣǧɫȥ

һ챬ըħڵϲըѡħҺŤӴ
׿üͷһæٴα任ɫĻһ㽫нɣת۾ͽǱ֮ա
Ȼ֣ҶȴаЦһ¶֮ɫΪĻҲᱻƵҪʹȫ͵Ϯ֡
һף
ǣҶ۷·Ҫǰһַ֮·׿ʾʹǰһ޶
͵һ̤Ҷ˲ͷϿգһȭ߸߾ȫɫĻȫһȭϣȫû˽׻壬Ŵ󿪣
Ҷۣңüͷ΢΢˶׿һŭⶲŵ
мƲƲ죬Ҷǳ֮ɫ㿴ҸҲң־͵ϮһΣ
䣬Ҷǽ׵һȭǺݺݵ´£ǰһצһ
ǿ׵㽫ϵ׾ɢҶǿһȭҲݺıϣֹסشһƺ൱ʹࡣ
Ǻܿ죬ʷһĻٴݣϻ׵һצݺݵץҶ۵ؿڣ
ž
һ׵ըҶ۵ӵʱɳȥǺܿͣΣ˿Լؿڵһ㽹ڵӡǺȴǸûһаЦƵƤûһ㣬׵ĵȼȷ̫ˣ治֪ղô͵Ϯҽɹģߺߺߡ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ͷʹѵԴĲ³ȥ
ڵҶѾȫͬǰ͵Ϯ֣Ϊǽн׻⣬ʲôûˡ
ڲһҶڻ֮ҲΪһʵܼףȴǲô׵ˣ˵ʱҶȱиɻ۹ûһɳ֮
ʵ
ٴȥҶۿԺ޹˼ɵس֣ҲŲ˶ˡȴҲҲԷκһܹƵĵطȴⲻ顣
⣬ȫΪһ֣ǿӲع
۾΢΢һУ׿°ҺΪһ׼һУǲ֪ûЧ
ţ׿ϣӡһ򣬾ǲٹൢ飬һǾϡ
Ҷһ㶣֪ҪʲôѵҲҪڻꣿ
׿ֲʥ޵ͳУڻʵڲᣬǺ
ž
һ˦β쳹һתһ˦β׿ҲƵˣⲻҶһ㶣ʱסˡ
ôģô򵽰м䣬ѾľȻĶӣ⻹ʥ޵
Ǻܿ죬׿ִĶߣҶۣʱ쵽ˣǲʤս
ԭˣСۿ򲻹Ȼ뱣ͣһݣҶ۵ʱ˼һŭ⡣
ʥ֮սսףˣģոѾ˰죬ڿûʤ㣬㵱벻ˣôõ飿
ߣûţ
һߣҶ۽һֱֱ̤׷ȥ׸׿󡣼龰׿һЦ¶һĻȡ
̫ڵӼˣ˲ɵǵʦ֣׿ƶˣСʦܲ˰ɣ
Ӧòᣡ
ҡҡԴоâһСʦܣиɻ׿ʵѹǰСȴҲûʲôˡ


705 ȸ
ݣ
һ޴Ӱƿӹֱֱħڵڷȥ
ħˣ׿꣬滹ŸӿֲҶۣȫһеĸҪˡ
׿ܼңҪʱ䣬ĵطȥͺˣҪˮƽûõŽְ֮ȫ
һʱ䣬˶׷Ӵܡ
ĵҲһСӾʲôսתƵʲô˼֪ϷŻ𣬻Ϸ֣ƽСӣϷ񲻱¶ˣ
û취аŭҲܳȥ׿һֻҸ깣󷨲鲻ĵطٶ
ֻ£һ󷢺ݡ
ߣСӣǻͷ㡭
˫ӰҲһƬãüϼһСڸʲô˵ǿҶ۸©ԣ㻹ʲôϷӲӲ⣬Ҳʲôʹ˲Ŷԣ
ǺǺǡǰ
Цһüḧ룬΢΢ͷСӣǸ԰ȵ𣿾ǰжϵս̣ᷭ
üͷ΢΢һҲЦһΪȻСµȷ˴Ϊ̾ڣҶȻѾһˣǰսⲫսԲͬ˵޿ޡСʲôҪӮѰ
ؿһۣüҲεص˵ͷ
ˣҲ뷨һǵؿ׿ںϺҶۣõ˼ӳɣٶҲӿˣֻ֮䣬׷׿;
׿һۣ׿Ҳüͷ΢壬нӡþټӿٶȣ
㲻ĻˣٶǱȲҵģһЦҶ˫죬ʲôıƣڻ֮޼£ꡣϧⲫսң첻
ôǿδأ
۾΢΢һУ׿̧ǰһۣԼֻ׹⣬ЦһΣþͻȻȳȸ

һȻ쳹ƿգţ׿ոͨǽָϿգҶ۽ôǽָϷʱһɫأз
ţһʮɣȫɫâը񣬱һ£¶ϣݺݵϷҶײȥʱֲ
ʲôǡ
̲ͫסһҶ۵ʱһ˲סˡɫâ̫Ϥˣ׵ĵȼҲ׿ǰӵҪߵöࡣ
ġ׻ˣ
צ
һĴȣȸȻ˫һչ籩ʱ㽫֪ʲôµҶϯ˽ȥ
ţֻצŻصܣرؿǳ׵ĵطһצ
ۣ
ף˵ػͬһеײһ𣬵ʱ㱬ǿıըȸһצץҶǸ͵ۣҲͬǿ֮ì֮һ㣬һ˽ö
Ǽˣȸ͵Ϯǰֲ޷ӲǰץƬۼף߿գ
ʱ䣬һƬ͸ȾǰҶҲǱǿĳֱθ̲ס³һѪɳȥ
龰йۿ˲ȫˣ۾ؿɫа裬չʾһİȴһã
⡭޾ǴĶͻȻðİ
λһ̲סվжԭˣ
ϼһҲ𣿡üһ֮ɫСӣȻֲôһ֣
æ˵ͷüҲһµǰлɣⲫսʱСӵָôô׾ͱҶɳȥȫˣԭԼɵģΪľһ̣ڵסҶֱۣڣ˸ֲ
˵˲ܽ񣬾ǿҲһ죬׿ǸҶۺú˼Σ֪ס˶٣ǺǺǡ
Цһؿֻüͷ΢΢𣺡Ҷ۵ʵһ޺˵ɣʲô
ָ룬üϸ쿴ΣȴҲЩɻֻޣʵȴԶడ߰˼ޣҲδ֣ЩˡҴϿЩȸӰӣֱȸöࡣ⡭
ǺǺǡʲôˣʲô谡׿СԼ̬ҲͰˣֻҲô̬ϲǷˣӣЦͷ
üһۣҲЦֻǿ׿֮ɫŨ
˵ҶǲŵĻ׿ǸԳ͵Ĺֲţ
ϳԽ˵Ҷۣ׿в׳ɾ͵ĸ֣ȴǸǿصĺܣ
Ͼ˫ȭѵ֣Щ飬ǹ⿿ʵܽġ
ʦ֣㿴֪Сӿ϶ı̫ڷһָԶѪƮһƬҶۣ·˴һ㣬ص
̲סһ飬ݺԴСʦܱ˰㣬ܸǲǣʲô
Ҳ˼ֻ˵ҿСӵı
ʲô㿴ˣϹµġСǰˣ˲ٹƣûӵ˲ŻΪڸղСʦиɻ£ˣء
ݺݵصһۣܿһ̾ΪΡ⻹汻ЩԵ˲ˣСӾȻˣ˹ƣˣ˵Ķҵô̬ޣһ޿˲Сʦֺܷ
üͷһƣ˿ȸӰҲɫسһɡ
ҶͬʦֵܣȻ൱СĹ֮ǿǲܼޣ͸ӼèƵģ׳Ƴ
ҶӲ裬Ҳκ˹Уû뵽ͳôһ⣬ҶҲˣ͵ؽˡ
޽ս
â˸Ҳһ̾޵ͣʵǷ˼ͬʱӸ̾׿ıԶǵ˼
ף͵ϮҶ۵뷨ɲ׿Ϊ˸ԼĺУרΪԼɽָҵͷ˫𿴵ġ
˰ɣɽָǸ˲壬ڲ𣿵ʥȥ͵콣ǸһϵûУǲҪԩˣ
ǺǺǡСӣ˼ܵؿ°
ЦҡҡԴһ̾ǵã뷨һôָн˵ʱ׿뵽ˡ
ɼ׿ıжôԶòд֣
̨ϣлͳǼȸȴǲȫ¶֮ܰСȸѼڰټϣǱ׿ù˴ټĪиС
ֻޣ벻Ѿɳôˡзһ˿ɫ૳


706 
ף˺ȫһҲֻǴǰץƬۼף˿ûȸһ֮һչ᰿ɵ׿ǰ³ص
׿Ҳüͷ΢΢һз֮⣬̾ǰ⻹͵ϮţȻ޷شСӵǿȣȻﵽ˾׵ĵزһ޶Ա⣬ʵڿ£
۾΢΢һ£׿̧׿Ǳȸ֮󣬲ϺɵҶв
ȸͻѾֶˣҲɹĻֻƴˣԸܵġ
Ϊĵ׵ǸƴʮΣգֻǶԵˣԼҲһΣͷʵڲԸó
ϾǸΣֻ򵽣ûʵ

ߵķ죬ҶڿкŷŸͷؿڵѪѩһڿеĳһƬ֮ɫ
֨
أأҶһͦȻͣӡͷȥԼǰһƬѪģɫرŭ¶˿˿׹⡣
ԴҳʦһѪϴʦһƬֲ֮󣬻û˳⸱ģġ׿ǵһ
̧ͷҶۺݺݶ׿۽ⲻʱƳһԵȸ¶ɱ⣺֮ף˺ۣ֮ܡ׿ŭˣ
²һݣ׿ףΪСӵǿȸķһ޷ȫˡ
ԭԼһǵõʥϵһ֣
Լ˳̳Ҷ۵ϵۼףǷͣӲޱȡ
Ҫ֪ӵۼΨжһƬΪӲ֮ҲΪڡ
˳˵۱ڶ˼ҵĵߣ̵ð
ֲѪ壬ǶǻҲѹ֣ǿӲֶۼ˿ء
׿˺ۼףڰۣ⣬ȴĵΪĽ׿ַˣѹǰԳ׿ͬˣҪշ׿ʱ˿̣ȴǶɱ⡣
뵽׿ҲسΪԴʱٲһͨʤԾಫ

ԷȻɱ⣬Լʤ֮Ķսض촦Ǻ׿ĿҲǲԵȸҲǸеյ΢仯Ҳ˿˿â
ʱ䣬պһ±ƽֻƽȴǷš
ʱ򣬶˵нûʤֻ
²һƺҲеսеղԣɫȻô£ɱôͻȻˣѵ˵Сʦܶɱ⣿
ܰɣʦ֡ҶСƽʱɵҪɱҲǾͶ£ûжɱոձŰôҲֻǷŭѰ
һ֮ɫĪȴ˻֣ˣҲûСʦ¶ɱӣҲΪǰûɱĵ˰ɣΡ
üͷ΢΢һص
Ϊ̫ڵһĵӣȻϣҶ۳£Ϊ֣Ҳ׿ʲô⡣
ϾôĶսڵӵԣ˱˴˶˽òˡνϧѾã׿־ͬϣͬŴǰĶ֣ɲϣʲôʧ
ڣԣ˽սúܡ
˫Զս֮⣬ƾľ飬ҲеյĲԾоһüͷ
աƽÿ°ӣص
˵ͷüͬĵСһˣҪˡô˵˽ݵδû취Ļ˵ϼһҪƽһ˫ΥָԤˣ
ţȻ˫ԺĹƽò˵ֵãص˵ͷʾͬܿοЦһϼһô£Ϊȶƽû뵽ɵСһȻҪԭˡˣıˣǡǵԭˣ
΢΢һ󣬰üÿɷҡҡͷȴǳĬˡ
һۣҲû˵ﵱԵĴãǺڵġڣĵף˫ԺԹƽϴ󣬶ǲôҪˡ
ȸϣ
սУ׿ͫһһȣԼ͵Ҷ۳ȥȸҲǼһӭϡ
׿ֶξûʲôı׼ںˣֻӲӲ潻棡
һʱ䣬һսһţ
Ҷۻһޱȣ׿ȸ˵֣ɲ·硣Ľ죬ֲĶսನ纣һɢȥһ˷ĩɢ٣
Ҷ֣׿ǿҲֺǶһȭһţмܵΪΪѡ
Ͼӳɣȭ֮жŽȫһɫĻ׿мܡ
Ѽ䣬׿صԼʱתֵ̬Ҷ۵Ľһ׿ܵв
Ҷȸһ󣬱׻˵ķ緶ǽҲ˿壬žž׵ʱ籩ҶϮȥȫһƬɫĻУ죬òֳһֽˡ
ȸף׿ǰӵͬרһжĳɹڣȸȫгΪһ׻˵Ǳʡ
ҶҲǰǰ㣬н׾һ׿ˣⲻǡǡֶΡ
ˣԴǰҶۣ͵Ϯֺ󣬱ҲûٴĻˡһһޣҶǿʵѹ·硣
Ǻһ޾ôţȻǿ֣֮ʱȴ˭Ҳκβ˭
Ƥ΢΢һ׿䴦·磬ȴ쳣ƽۿŶսʱҪˣ϶˾ƽճҲӮȴ
ΪףִŵʤģҶ۱ֻҪԷȼһ¶ҲһʤĺûᣬļԲȶǴ
ƺ׿˼˵׿ҶۿģԼмУҶ۹Ȼüͷһ壬Щ
Ҫһ׿ȫ£ȴֲʱһȸгʱ䣬ȷҪȲˡ

һ첻ϷҶ۸ո˦һǽ׿нȫҶǰҪһצˣȸȴǵʱ룬ǿݺײһ𣬽ٴη룬мɵʮȴҳ˷֡
ʱ˿̣ռϷ磬ȴţй˼ɣ
̸ܣȽֻ񲻿ɣ
Ƥ΢΢Ҷ۲ҧҧ㡭
צ
ȻҶ˫ͫâһȻ׿ȥһֻΪצצ죬·˺㣬һצ׿ķ
̲ͫסһ׿æ̧ǰһȴ֮ǻһЦȣˣûģǺǺǡ


707 ͳ
ݣ
ǽɫһצ˴˶Ĥķգۼ׿ǰ׿Ƕ˶ֱۣʱΪһƣεذǰȴ˿塣
ô˵Ҳǳ֮֣ұعǶϽۣôߺߣҿûôס
צҲһ

һȸҶר׿ˣɼǰȥԮһΧκ֮ơצݺץȥ
һ£ҶҪټȥĻһצץ׿ϣǽ׵ֱڣѡ˻һҪ׿ȴ򲻿ܵġ
۵ӣ
Ǹʱȸ񱩵׺צȴܽץĿȫǣһϵ©ؿ⣬ͻټһöԷпɳ֮
ȽʵǱ״֮٣
ǰ˽սʱҲֹΣÿҪһʱһ˾ԻҪϮƵòطÿÿ޷ȫƵúܣ
һҲһȴֲͬΪҶ۵޳֮ɫ·书һۣԸȸһΣҲҪ͹׿ɣ˻˵Ĵ򷨣
СӣңǶһ˻˵Ĵ򷨣ɶûаֺôһȣ׿ٴζųȴһЦѾĹȻļˣ
һҶһЦ˿Ϊ⣺˻ˣߺߡˣҶǰ㲻ıƣǸç׶һΣҿҪȰֻԮ˵
䣬Ҷ۵৵һ£ʧӰֻʣһֻɫӰһצ׿ץȥ
ֻн׶ûҶ֧ţһצץ׿ϣҲëëˣϾ׿׻ħ󻯾ĺܹɵúܡ
Ҳͬһʱ䣬Ҷ۵ӰȴǺһ³ǽӰһ࣬ͬһйצݺݵץϮȸ
̲ͫסһ˼˲󾪡
ԴӼʶ׿˱֪񱩣۹ȻǿúܣǷȴ©ڳ׼Ӳϸܡ
Ҷһצֱץ׿ν׿ȫ𵽸ǵãץȸĻȴΣˡ
ȸǺױצץ˵ģȸһˣ˵ϵͻʧܣҶ۽޺֮ǣ׿ҲֻǷַӵˣ
ʵǣ˶սУʱҪǰΣʱ̣
ȸƺҲһûϵԷξȻֱӳˣǹɱצϵķ֮ë
צһʵһ飬ʵϣ
ǻһаĻȣҶ͵һצϾҪˣɴЦ׿ǰôΣҲֵһ˰ɡոУʵУǶġѾˣҵˣ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿ûгֻĬĬͣա
Χ˼ˣҲһݣ벻ҶۣҲʼİϷˣҡҡͷЦǺǺǡСʦܣڿʼˡҲٶۣڲſϣʵǰûһ֣ܹӵİ
أǶؼԵһĻƺʤϾҪ
Ȼڴʱ׿ȴ¶һаЦݣ֮ͫУһɫĹ⻷ڷ⣺ǺǺǡҵǲںʲô棬ֻҪ޼ɵسУǾ͹ˡͫһأλλ
ৣ
䣬һռ䲨ȻأȻ䣬׿ȸλãһ½˹ȸӭҶ۵У׿ӭʵˡ
̲ͫסһҶ۲һеô£ֻأ
ۣ
ͬʱһǽɵӰʱȸ˫һȣը죬㳹׻ˡţȸҶؿץȥ
צѾ׼Ƭûۼ׻ǰأҪץʵ˵Ļ壬ʣˡ
ʱҶ۱˵ӮˣСܲǶģ
龰ﲻһؾͽλҲ̲סվҪȣȴҲˡ
һжڵʯ֮䣡
˭뵽˵λûʱ任Ҷ۱ҪͨʤĴˣʱȴǵʱΣյľءŴ󿪣ȥ
˻
һҶۼֱҪŵûɢˣ׿һצҲٹȥˣջطȴһʱղ
֮£Ҷֻһ࣬žһ죬ȸץƬӲӵۼף滹ȼ
ʺѪˮȾ˱ֱ۵죬ͻһˣҲ׿ץȥһצ
Ĳ߻æ˰죬ԼֱһأȴԷһëûţȴ˷۱
ȸųٴλص׿צеӵǸףոתˣȻһܰͳ
޷Ӧ죬㡣ҲǴջˣѾ©ˡһǰлǹǰǷ󣬹
һЦ׿һϷŰؿҶۣЦܹʤƫƫҪӡԼ̣֮֮㲻֪Ǻ޴ǰıƣСӣ㻹̫ˣ
̲ס飬Ҷһߺ޵ص׿ҧĸֱ죡
Χ˼ҲεͷԭΪҶ۽׿ˣû뵽˼ҽƾͼƣԼȥˣⳡ̴ã
οǸҶܻĳҲǿЦѹҶʵȴǱ׿СǣűߣԼĵͳʧˡܼԼĵͳͲᱻ˼ˣתˣ
ͳüͷһл俴ε
΢΢˵ͷεЦͳ׷ڡе׷ʵе׷λеĳԵ·˵еѭ併˵İԵ̽ԼĵͳӶγԼصΪ׼Ҷ۲ϲֱֱǾ浶ǹƴ
׿˼ΣҲãˣƫԼĵ˱˵ĵͳ֮У˼ǣűˣ
Цһ̧׿˿ɫĵʱ쵽ˣҶʣµʱӽϵ׿ҪһҲܣӦǸƽְɣ
Ȼ䣬ս֮У׿Ҳ̧죬ȵѽϾ͵ʱˣֻƽ˰
Ӳһؿ׿һۣȴεҡҡͷʧЦ׿ǻģһ̣ҲҶһ¡ͬǶʤĿ׿յöడҪնԷڽ֮£¶Ųɣ
лȴǲÿɷЦЦ˿Ϊ⣬ˡ

ڴڵشŴҶľƣǰغľʹݺݵصŶһһޣзߺޣȴǲ֪£
Ѿģʵ̫ƻˣˣϵµĻ͸ϵöԷͣ˶Է⡣˽άȣ֪£
һʱ䣬ã֪ôˡ
ƽͷһ׿ôѲĶ֣ʵĽ꣬öԷû취
Ȼң䷨֮ʱһȴ͵شĶУСʦܣǹļأ򲻿ϵ֪жʱеĵ
ӲһҶת׿ȥȴ֮ˣĴʦɡ


708 Ӯ
Ƥ΢΢˲ҶƺЩʲôڲ֪£ÿÿˣԭеĵͳãˡ
Ǻ˿Ҷ۵ƽ˫Ŀ˼ŹһС
ʦžҪŴˣֻ¼ʮˣŲŶʮһλô죿Ҷվǰһǵص
޴ͫĮῪڣǰǶʮ˶ɵ
Ҵ򲻹ǰ
ȫɵȻԺͱϷ򣡡ĻǺΥ
ɫһҶ۲ƲƲ죬Ϊѵǲ似֮ϣôɵңѡʮ˶ѣҸɵʮ˾͹˰ɣ
ߣûϢ
ףʦң˵Ĳ𣿡
Ͷȡɣ֮ĻûʸϷΪʦ޴ͫ΢΢飬΢΢չһڣ޽磬޵ȼ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷҶ۱ʾӲޣô֪£
мƲƲ죬ȻΪϹʱڣʵ˵ģ㶨ˣ汲ˡΪһʧܣԶ˺ʥޣλãҲಫջûʤŻᲢгÿһУʱ޿̲ţΪ޶𣡡
ԣԼĵһ֣ӮһʤϵȵһУ˲ܶԷˣǿΣΣϷסΪϷĵӣֻҪһͿɣӮ˵ֻȡʮˣȡһˣҲҪӮ˲УƴҲһ·ʤʱ䣬º󣬿ɼ
˵ţ˫һգǾ˯ԲˡҶ۹һݣ˳ȥ
ºһâҶ۵һγǰֻһΣȫ½ϣϢ٣
ʦʦӮˡҶۿ΢΢˶촽֮
ؿһۣȫӮ𣿡
ǰҰȫˣҸƴȫΪҷˣ˭ƴҵ˵һ
ǻЦݣҶĵʦ˵öԣͶȡɣ֮ûһ˸ҸƴƴˣҾӮˡֻҽϣǷˣŲҪң˸ЦɵҲںӮĺˬΪһֵ̣ˡ
΢΢˵ͷͬص˵ͷ˽Աۣʤļֵ֪һ㣬ҷĵӣϷ£
ˣ
һεĿռ䲨üͷһʱüһѪҺǵѪҺ㻺Ҷ۵üͷ䣬Ȼûȥ
ţ޴צڶһĨʱ˺һƬâۼȴӲۡͬһž޴ıӰ㣬ظҶϡ
ţ½ףҶۺһͬաʮ֮Ҷ̥ǣΪ洫ˣյľţ
Ұ֮Ҳ̳ˣǾǣӮ
һˣһС
͵˫ͫҶ۵һ˿Ǽᶨ֮ɫڣĵͳȫᶨ
ˣôСûʲô˵ģҲʥ޵ӵ硣Ҫֻһ£Ӯ
ԷֲöԸҪҲƴҲҪӮ
еĵȻȷҶ۵ľ״̬ȻȻһ£ǵᶨ񣬼׿ˣҲһ
·Ĺâܴһ
ȸСһ㣬СȻȷеĵٱŪˣ¿Ҫƴ汾ˣüͷ΢΢һ׿ɫǰδеء
ΪҶ۴ʱֵȻÿÿģ쳣ᶨ֮ǳֵĽɫ
ԣҲ̲סǰδе
ž
һ죬Ҷ˫ֺʮʼᶯӡӡᶯϵҲڸѸš
ǿķڲӿգˣֱʣ·ҪճƵġ׿ºȻСӾҪʲôȻδУǰ׾ȻŵĹ
˫ˣҲǲһĪйɲΪѾˣҶǹΪȡʤһеķ

ڣҶеӡϣһɽɫ͵ȼͬʱһֻ޴Ӱͷ֣죬ǱŰ
ǹҲǻ㣬ƺʱ籡һ㣡
⡭ǡ
̲ͫסݺﲻһºȻѵȼ󷨣СʦΪӮȻȼԼ꣬þ
ʲô
Ȼһ̫Ҳ̲סӲŵȼ󷨿ƴʽһСľ³˵һǧ˰١ռ˴ƣֻǱΣûƣõʹͬھĴҲ̫ƫ˰ɣ
ǲ˽⣬ҲСʦܰ
ҡҡͷ磬ƺ뵽ʲô㣬૳ǱˣŴʱСʦŵһνŵģ
һݣƺҲȫ£ɫس΢΢ͷǰʱһûķӣΪӮʤһеĲսѶֶŵƨŵһֶˣԼҲŪýĵزųϿˣҪʦְ̧ܾȥʮ֮ĻˣΪ˾šˣǴ˵ֻܾأذϧȥȴʲôöûУ
ǲ֪ʱҿŴȺ󣬱ִŸжΪܾҪ֮أһϢ֮ʱԸǺȥʬȴˣΪѾʬûȥʮֳ֣˳šҲŲ룬һܣֻԸἰѣ
̾˿ﲻĵҲף֮ڵֻص˵֮ʱˡȥģ׿϶޵У
üͷ΢΢һؿһֿۣԶҶۣȻص˵ͷˡ
ԴҶţһԱʹȫܽƵ㾽ģҲֻ׿ˡ
ˣСӲֻصǸƴɵʱ򡭡
ȵˣۣ׿ݺҧǰҶۣȴüͷǰδеһ
ǿȻȸ˵ģ򵥶ԸһˣûҪ
СѾȫ˶Ƕ˸ƵĲԣ׼һˡڳ˿Ƿӡ
һ˶Ը󾢵Уõİ취ǷֻһͬԸǸĴۼֱ仹Ҫöࡣ
Ҷʥ޴ˣֻҪӮһоͶֵõģ
ȸһܷʲôа취Ӧüͷ΢׿أϸĶ
ؿһۣȸ΢΢ͷȴĹâ


709 ͫ

һɫȻ棬ҶȼգǾ˷ָĿֲϵɢȥֻ£ɽȶҪƵġ
ħں̫ڵˣۼƲԣѶ㵽ʮ￪⣬һصߵĶսˣȵĸʹȫ麹ֱðˮһ˲ʧ٣˷·Ҫ˸һ
Ҫ֪ˣʵǿ֮¶վϵߣѾѵֿǿȣ㵽￪⣬ʣµĿȫǻ龳ϵĸ֡
ɾǵΪʵµĸ㣬һɫǺȻ·ػһ㡣
Ҷȼ꣬ĽȫӳʱһƬҪľоѡ
ֻǹеˣͨʽһжΧ۳ϵĹڣƺҲܹܵǰȫȵĸо
˫һվ𣬽һУг⣬ǵǡǿһУ׿ܵ£
˵Σʱ͵˼ʱˡ
ǵ׿ˣͬ˫ֽ߬üͷһ񣬿׿ǵ֮ɫ
˽ѸܵɼΣյϢҶ׿ֲܸܲȣ
ɫ岼ȫ棬ħҲ޴ӣ档ħ󻯾ĺನ¶Ⱦ
Ƥ΢׿üͷţɫǰδеأԼ꽫ȸӻת׿һۣȸǾʤһսˣһһ֮ȫ֧ԮҺ󣬱뿪ʣµ¾ͽˣ
ǣף
ؿһۣȸ΢΢ͷеȴЩɡһ㣬Σ״֮£׿ȴҲûע⵽
Ŀ⣬ѾȫҶ۵ķ°⣬СƴһˣֻҪܽУʤֻ֣ҪͦȥĻ
ţ׿ͫһҲһᶨ֮ɫؽᶯӡ
ˣڶսǰһ̣˶׼ʤһУ׿ҪƽѧһУҶȼΪۣųǿѧ
ңңһԶ׿Ҷ۴ڴڵش˼ڴƺȼܴ֮ȴûһ˿ɣֻжʤĿ
ʥ޴֮Ķսʤߣһң
ͫһҶڣ׿裬аɣ𣡡

䣬ҶܵǸ޴ͷӰ͵ĺУ쳹أɽ·Ҫһ㡣
ɾ죬һȵĽ⾹һ㣬һ¾׿ȥ֮һнػΪޣʧ
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ǻûܼһͷų龰ο伫Ϊµķס
ҪǱеĻ˲ʧ³
ڰĵҲһָ˶ȥˡ˿µǻ龳۷ֶδܵ͸׿վεˡ
ĽŲնȴһͣ·˳ôһɾǰˡ
һʱ䣬֪úȥδӣ
˫ҲǿһУһ֮ɫ׼ʱ֣ǻ뿴׿Ƿʲô֮ʹ
üͷ̲ס˶׿ƺҲû뵽Է֮磬²ݺݲϣòֻҧҧȳȸУ
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һȣȸչ˫ᣬɫ˫䲻˸·ܻһеĴ̶׻˱
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ط·ڲպɪȸ˫ǰһȣһֻɴСľ޴񣬱ЯŲһѹݺǽɫȥ֮һнԱ˷顣
ͬʱ׿ҲǴһʹԼȫħɷʽ

ħתһ䣬Ϊ׵Ŀǣſ޴죬ǰ˻һһ纣˰ӿɫ׺ǰ˹ȥɫϵһʱصơ
龰ۿ̨ϵĹǲȫˣۿǿײһÿһжǼ֣ħЩ֮ǣʱ˿̣Ҳ¶ݡ
Ҷۺ׿˵Ķս˵˫ǧǿ˵Ķսû֮һݵŵӣ˱ֱͲֵһˡ
ڣֻ뿴˾˭ʵݵһŵӣδݵһˣ
䣡
ڣǿһ𣬿쳣ǣȸֻ׿ų״󺣣ת˲֮㱻Ҷ۵ơ
ɫת˲ͽ״󺣻Ϊ˻ҷɣһನûɢɼǶôѹԵʵ
һʱ䣬ɫһ׿ɫҲ̲סԽأͷ˿˿亹ɵðš
Ҷ۴еǿʵڳԤȵĹƣȻѾ˹û뵽ûֻи
ĿǰУǰıЩֶΣҪһУҲЩ
ˣֻܾ£ˣ
ͫأռϣ
²һ׿ͫɫĹ⻷˵һ׿⣬ȴأȻһεϣ
ʱ򵽵ĿܹͫͨԼǰεĿռݣ赲ԷĹ
ոֻܰһ֪ܲܶЧ
ͷϵ亹Խܼ׿һŵؿ

һ죬ǵǰƵʱ㱻αǰ޴ǿȼգȴûһ˿͸˼
ɹˣ
üͷһƣ׿һϲ˿Ҳһ׷̾ڣ׿ֳʲôֶˣȻǰ·ͣ
˫ҲɫһȻ͵ص˵ͷСӣв
Ȼһȴǵʱڳÿ˵ĶСǽȼյ죬ռ侹Ѱ㣬֩Ѻۡ
׿ҲǶʱеͫһ㣬ʹ̣ȴɺݺҧ֧ţɫĹ⻷ڷ⣬۵ȴȻ˿˿Ѫ

ڣһ췢ǵռϱڳױ飬ǹٴκ͵׿ͳȥȴѲǰǰӿ
Ȼռϱڵһ£һЩԾĪвȴҲ׿ϣ
ǲֹģ

һʹİ׿ڲѪͫȴһĪĻȣ赲Ч޷һסǾһĥ
ţ׿ͫƣƿ¶ѪͫȻɫĹ⻷һ䣬Ϊĵ
ͫأ
ˣ
ǿĿռ𶯶ʱ׿׷ΧԱޡ͵سƬ˽УȴǸûܵһ˿Ӱ죬ֲļǰ塣ңǿȻҲһջˡ
أ׿һ˫ͫŵض˶ȻûаЧôһ׶Σ޷ĥֺ
ôҪʣµˡ
һʱ䣬׿Ľ˱㣬ûĥٵĽɫɫΪֹǰδеس


710 
֪ˣովӦóиһʤˡȻո򵽣죬Ҳ൱ա
ǲò˵ΣյֶΣֻǶԼҲǶԵˣ̫𡭡
գۼ׿Ƥ΢²ЩڡΪûҶһ㣬ͷһеƴʽ
ⶼˣãҲѾˡ
˿׿Ҫ޿ƥеĽɫһһ˦βӰ棬ǿɽһӿ
ֶΣ׵ͣǽ׵ıŰ͸к׺ͽˣҪ뽫ںϣýĥһ̶ȲУǽ̫ͣ׻ͣᱻ׳ɢ
ؼǣɢ׵ĸǺ󣬽ױֱˣҪĵطпܣֻһ˲䣬³
ɫû취
ԣҲĲˣ
üͷţ׿ҧأݺݵǰҫ۵ĹâԽԽͷ亹Ҳٲ´ţ°ϣһΣƴȫܵɡ
ңң׿ҶȴĮ˼ĿڣûõģȼʹķףǸ·ʥްӵĴУǵġˣҵ޵С

Ҳͬһʱ̣Ǻݺײϡǿĳʱһʹ
׿ҲһʹǧѼ⵶ڴһ㣬оԴ챬ˡǽҧţһƴصڲȥҪǿĽ׳û׺֮С
ûа취·Ǹ޴Ķһ㣬״󺣸û˿취һӴȻݺݵصˣ׵һ˿һ벻ȥ
˵ĥ׵Լĥ㲻ˣ
̲ͫסһ׿һһˡû뵽ҶоȻܽ۵ܼ·һβһ붼ȥ
Ļ׸޷ĥǰ룬ȫûκáֱֶΪ
֪ˣӦʹеģȷʹеİ
Ȼ䣬׿һ׾ˣͬʱֺڡϧһѾˣȻ˾

ǽɫ룬һȵķ籩Ȼϯӣʱ㽫Ǻ嫵ȫϯأȻ¶ڵ
ɫĹδȻǲϵϮʱյذ׿Ҳ̲סԴһʹ۵һ³һѪˮ
һģ͸
ˣֻҪƿ³һжˡ
Ȼ൱Ҷ۵ʵվ̫ˣûóƴļóѾˡ
սİûڣ
³һ׿͸ǵ˼ˣ󾪣æվж⡣
аЦһһֻӡ
˫۾һ飬΢̤׼ֹ
ȻʱһȴǶȻ쳹˵Ķϣţһɫâը죬һϤӰȴǰգۼ
ͫһ׿ȥȴһֻʮɵɫȴȸɡ
ǣȸΪͻȻɻأǰǸо뿪ô
ȸӰ޷˵Ǽͱڵȥ
ȵȣȸƺĴ㣬׿һгϧѾˣȸâһݺײ֮ϣ
ʱ䣬׹ػףؼбƺ˹㣬ϵغȻ죬˴˺ݺײ
Ҳȸȫĵȫ׵Ľǲһһ£ǰܣҲڴʱһ³
ǰͷסǽȴ˿׷ӵȸȥ·Ҫȫû׺һ㣬ȸ͸ִ֣ȫҲը죬ҪեԼһҲҪƵġ
Ǻ׵ײ䣬ڿʼĥ𣬶һۿɼٶȣڿĥȥ
׾ͷ·һ֧֧ӣû˿϶һƽˣˡǽףҲ·һߣڲȸϴȥ˺ҧһڣɫë˲仯Ϊ˻ҽ
ȴܲˣִ񣬺ݺâⶥţҲһḥ̂
׿һУȴһʹףȸԼڱ
ڣǵǿһѿɢ١ȸҲȫâʧ۵һ䵽˵ϣϢ٣
΢΢׿һ˫ֲڵ̲ס˶ŲȥǿһУҲǲ̧촽ӿ૳ȸлл
һֻ谡̾һһп
һԵл䣬Ϥ׿ɳ̾ҲһĿڣޡ׿ǵԼŮģ
ԭˣѹֻ£üͷһƣؿȸһۣǾ֮ɫ
ҡҡͷл俴һۣεʦ֣㻹ûҵ˼˵ȸ׿ŮȴҶ˳⸱ӡҪŭˡһŭĶ֣ǱҧģǸ³
ǣҲҪܴùԷɣҶ۵ʵüͷһһ
ЦҡҡԴл䲻ÿɷ񣺡ǰټǴδսҲǶԷ֣˻ˡңҪŪˣûлȨʵ޹أ
²һݣβһٴתףؿ׿ɫ
ɵѾͷоŮˣĻˣǲǣ
ȸߣ׿Ǳյýһ˿Ϣæóһŵҩι£Цһȴ쳣ƽ
ǹƽУȴܸеһɾǿɱ档󣬲ûһ˿֮ܰ⣬ĵһɲĸо
΢΢̧̧ףҶɼոķ˶ͦͦţȵ׿ղһȻˡҲֻʱѣƴҲӮȴûĵ䶨ˣ
䣬Ҷٴǰһǿʼӿٴʹȼ󷨣
ȵȣСʦܣѾû踨ɲôƴˣˣһæȰ
ҶȴǷ·û㣬ᶯ־еϢԽԽ٣ɫҲԽ԰
ʱѾˣ׿ֹƶˣҪӮͱÿζȫԸǿٳκβء
޵ʤϣ
˫ȭ̲ס˽׿ȸǰվȴ˫Ŀͨ죬ɫһƬҧƴǰɣǺǺǡԸ


711 ֲ
СһҪٴȥ
սУǸƳˮĻ棬üͷ𣬳̾ⳡսѾӮˣಫǾʲôʲôԹҪƴֵز
ظ˸룬üҲε³һĵȲǶԹؼҶٳһǰĿ¾ѧĻԼܲܳŵסҲ˵׿һˡղһһܾˣܿϧԵĻƽò
гϣⳡսж೤ʱңң±ߵгϣе
̧׿˿ɫгϹλ𣬻һʱɣ
һӣ㹻ٴһˣϣ˫û°ɣҡҡͷü˴˶һۣȫǰ̾׿˵񣬼ϧΡ
žǣһɽݶɡ

ɫٴȼգҶ۵ıһγǾ޴Ӱףһؿ׿
˼ˣ뾪гۿϸǻһƬ˷ܲѡϾոҶʹصǴ۽硣
ܹټһΣȻ԰Σ
ǵˣɫһǵ֮ɫǸոҲˣ׿֮£ȫûл֮ȫûз֮
ĻһΣ񲻷ַ֮ǣ
ҵСڣ׿ܼҰͷˡѾúܲˣûҪǿŵףΪƴɷڳѣ˫ֺʮһ϶ǵ֮ɫ
˼ˣҲһء
ħüͷšţضﲻţһԵʵʦ֣ͬǸĵ֣Ҷ۸ɵأ
ǿ߲Ҫͬ飬ֻ֪ս֮䣬һ˻ݵһŵӣδݵһˣ˶ѣ
üͷһħɫ˫Ŀȴǽ׿ķ
ȻһУҡҡͷλʦͶԴս򣬻ϣ
ûȷ׿ʤȻ׿ûгϹȴȻʶǴܴĽ飡
ͬΪħӣĵͬģҲ׿ˡϣ׿ʤȻԼҲ֪Ҷĸ֣ϣôã
Ǻʱ˿̣˶עһսڴʤǾڴ󲿷ֵӣϣ׿սˣҲƽ¡
ҲֻԵЩ׿ȥˣֻСԶɡ
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һ죬Ҷеӡٴνᶯϣܵ͵شţȴǸ
ȴȫںһ죬·ȻʤƵģЦ׿Ӯˣ׼ٽзɣ
䣬һ޺͵طǰǰ㣬һȫɽɵĽɫ͵׿ȥ
֮һлΪޣ
ͫһ붢һУǽ֮ɫ
ػǣĨߵѪգ׿ȴ쳣ƽ̧ۿ˿ǰȻԲѣһȸȴҡͷʧЦһȻȸ֪ΪӲǷκζ顣죬飬Ƿȴ̫ˡΪƴȴΪԼƴǺǺǡҰ
ôڣмΣգҲʹΪƴ׵ǿСӣ
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Ҷۿɻ󣬵ǻӦһ죬׿Ǿͷϣͬʱ˸ո
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ںϣһɼΪֲϢҲڲɢ
⡭ǡ˻ԸܵһУ׿ҶۣȴظеĿֲڼ
΢΢һ̣׿ÿɷЦµûһ֮ǰûһҺϲˣԼҲЩ£ƿزסʳͨˣȻƴҪóƴںʧܣǾҲǳɹˣľ㣡
²һݣҶ¶Ȼ֮ɫŽλãһءǲ֪ģЩһȴôҲϲ
ʱ˿̣ҶǿֲǿҪ׿ǰˣ
ǺǺǡûʱˣ˵ɡЩȫʥ޸Ե츳ôںϣ
·Ǹ׿·˵ԼģҶۿԼϾҪ׿ճɷ棬ЩЦ
ÿɷҡҡͷ׿ĳҶۣ㲻˽ҹԣұߵðɺ֮·ʲôںϣңʥͬ磬һѵûЩĲǳͬһ𣿺ǺǺǡҲϹ£ҲġΣңһҪҾû֮£ں֮£ƺҲ
Цһ׿оâһ·뵽ʲôüˣȻҲܹںϣôƺʵ֣ټһְɣ
˵ţһ죬׶ͷλãٴȼһɫ棬ȴǷɣ
ʲô⡭ôܣ̲ͫסһҶ۲һ
ڰ֣׿ÿɷ񣺡ţףħ͵ģûʲôˡ򵽵ںϣҲǴˡϾ˫һ֮ܳǺǺǡ
һЦ׿ת׿ͷλã·ҲڵŽ
ƺǺӦĲƵģԴǽ׼к׺ͽ׾ȻתѸٿʼںϣҲм䲻ž죬С
أһƺʼе쳣˳
âΪ¯ħ󻯾ĺΪںϣ׽Ϊײ˫֮У˵͵

׵ķըڶϣգۼ䣬ǵǳ׿ǰֲ׿ͷϵ˿˿׷ƺʼή
Χ˼ˣһһǵؿȥЩŮӸǼһ̵رͷȥ
ˣ
ȻڴʱһεĿռ䲨ǾĶͷϺð˺ɫĻ棬ɫâҲǺвϴһɼΪֲĻϢȻϯܣһУʱΪС
ҶǿҪҵ׿ϵҲ·ʲôа㣬һ£ͣ
˵ܽͣ£ǰ͵ĳ档ǰڲɢĥʧ٣ѳ嵽׿ǰȴһֱܽӽ壡
ۣ
һѪ̲ס׿΢΢ɫ쳣أת׿Լ꣬ȴҲڲϵؾţͷϺɫֹסطſ
ȻԤûµ䡣ڵ޷ȫԦȼʥ֮ϡ
Ƥ΢΢˲׿¼ϲǣлһֱڲͣѪ·һֱܵʲôشƵġ


712 ֲ

ֲѹӭ洵ȫŽ׵ҶҲ̲סϢһͣĲһ֮ɫ
Ľףʱ·Ҳܵʲôѹư㣬ήõӰƺҲڲϵز·ʱɢƵġ
Ҳɫ׳ֵһ˲䣬ȻֻǰƴСһС飬ȴضΪ֮ɫ
ǿ׿ǰϵδ׽Ӵѿʼɢʧ
ҶۿһУȫˣ
⣬ôܣ
ɫ׾ʲôķ׶ѹƵ˳̶ȣ޷ӽһ˿һ
СӣóһʲôĿֲ
ͫɵغݺҶңңԶ׿Ǳڵ׹âֵӰǳɵˣ
ʥ޵ǿʱϱѹƵ˳̶ȣ⣬ܣ
ֻţʥԼˣҲţؼ
ʵˣ
һҪԽһĿֲˡһУȫ׿ǵۼʥ޵ͳںϣ
Ϣ׿ܼҸոճʱɢġһģһӦ˵ֲض࣡ͫݺһǸԶǷ·ҪһеĿɵز˲ӣɬʿĭ૳
ҲһȻص˵ͷԶǺâ˸֮ͷǲ亹
ʵڲ׿ҪʲôУΪɹϢԼҲе˾壡
ħڵӶоˣ̫ڵ˾͸ǺԸӡ׳ֵһɲǣɫȫˡ
Ȼ׿Ͼʲô£ѾȫܹоĿ£ԶҶ۵Ľס
ڣⲻӵеĳ֣ػ֮ʱ
Ƥݺݳ˳飬ﲻҧҧӾҲֹסضɬؿЦģ˵ĶսҪչľ춯أҺɣսȥ˫ԺΪƽأҲǲܵģ
ʦ֣⡭̫˰ɣô˵ֻǻ龳ʵ˫Ժɻ˫ôǰˣһӲһһؿ
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۾΢΢һ£ͷɵ¶ϸܵ亹
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һü·뵽ʲô㣬һؿǲ֮ɫ
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üƺҲӦ˲¶֮ɫ
ĪǺɫǿɢನܽʥʯƻ
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ʵǶ֮Уһ˱֮֡׾ǿһ㣬Ÿæȥֹģ
ৣ
ֻһһâէ֣ʵռ˲һɢҫ۹âİɫͨ˵˽ȥʧǰ˫սɽˡ
ϵ˼ˣһ㶣ǲԣдɻ֮ɫȥʲôˣ
ǻδ˫˽ʱ̣
СɽУ׿ѪŻ²ϣȫžžžرѪݣѪעӣȴҧšɢĿֲϢڲƻӣĪѹ
Ǿ޴꣬ҲڲͣزƺȻЩѹƲס׵ˣ
Ƥ΢΢˶׿ǰԴ巶Χڣ㲻ɢػһаĻȡ
ΣΣΣл
ȻΣգҲʮֿɿֻԼеֲСӣ
ͫһ׿˫ֿʼӡҲǾӣ΢΢ſڡǴֲףҲڻĶͷĺ䣡
ӿȥ·һһСƵģȻҡҡ׹ƺһܰǴ
һҶ۵Уȴ˵Ŀɲһղɢһַĵľ£ɵ
Ҳ⻹һθеʲôǿ־ɣϸСΣ֪Ǹֲֿĸо
һ˿ĭҶۿ׿ǽŵȫ亹ʪ
Ҳͬһʱ䣬׿ӡڽã¶һ˿ҶۣѪЦη㿸ˣôǸþСˡħɷʽ

һ׿ǾһǵɫױػһСߣವһ´˳ȥ
ûһСߣֱ۴ϸûУ̲һװˡ׿ƽʹһ
СߣһȴöǿҶۣʱĵһĸо


713 ʤ
䣡
ϸСĺɫףֻգ۵Ĺ򣬱˲Ҷ֮СţһȻ췢Ǿ޴ʱֱɢܣʧ١
Ǽһ֧֮㣬ѸٴܳҶ۳ȥ
ôܣֻһСףȻ
̲ͫסݺһҶʶ׵ĿֲͬʱҲӡ֤е˿塣ⶫȻµĺܣֻôһ㣬ܾǿ˹
һʱ䣬Ҷٴ̲סŶ亹²ŵظæӡȼ꣬ĽȼյøӾңǰγһҫȹâĻϣѾĹ԰׵ȴǰδе
ոշǵжǿб˭ˣһ˿֮˲ըѣɼ׾µĴڣ
һʱ䣬ҶۺݺҧҧԴȴ̲סط
ңң²һǵһο߰Сʦܣ˵ӵӡ
ۿУü𿴵գۼɢٵĳ˲侪ˣ¾âػҪǿöࡣ
âϸܸǽɫȣϾҶȼ۳Ͳ걬ˡɼˣȴ෴ɼϵĲ࣬Ƕô
ҺúϼһＰʱȥˣȻҶ۱ɰ
Ǻɫһڼǰܶü𲻾ǺȻ
⸱ģˣЩΧ֮ˣ͸Ӿóɵסˣ˭Ҳû뵽׿η̣óѹԵʵ˲˶ԷȫһһԷƵԵ
Ͼڳ˶أ׿ȸֶԵֵĴڣڣôһ£˲
ǺɫףǶôɲĴڣ
ؿСɽ˲תʤ֣β˴󣬲ų̾һĳ䣬֪㻰֮ˣ׿ֻ治Ǻǵġ벻һŭ֮£ŪôµҶߵһҪԵģ˲佫ȫһզҲզĿֲ
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ؿһۣͬеصͷοЦһ
ҶϣȷǸµĹϧ׿һӿµĹΪأ޾
Ļǡ
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׿ǻѪȣ˿һУȫһĽеģ˷ܣмüһľһüͷ壬㷣ϼһﻹûȥ
ŵģȻĪڴ˴Ǻɫ׵Ŀ꣬Ҷˣ
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ȫµĽ׿˵ȫе·ǰǽ㣬һܼλڵУ
ˣȻ㾡УɫҲѾɷףһս󣬱Ȼȫɲ֪ôЩ飬Ͼйܲӡ
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һ˻Եȸ׿һͬעĽ

һ죬ȻҶǰǵϣʱѿɢɽҶҲ͵һ۵һ³һѪһֵؿǰ
ɫС߼͵ɢֲϢ
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Χ˼龰һȫüüͷţ˫ȭ΢΢һģ
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üʱϵҲҺϼһﵽļʱȻҶС׿пû˿ֿ֮
ʲô˼սʱ䵽𣿡üͷ΢΢һ׿յǸϼһд֣
ҡҡͷʧЦСӣȻʤѷ֣ûҪƽô˰ɣ
˫սأһ£ӮӦñŶԣһ׿俪ڣǴ֮ͥ£òʹʲôǱɣ˫Ժһ㶼ںô
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ף׿ŭ˵裬ûи˵ģֻܿҶۣ˸ɫ˼ԣ
Ѿϸ䣬ⳡսˣʵôԣܺ˳׬ˡ
˼Ҷۿ׿ȴôҲڡΪʥ޴ˣֻսˣûĵ
ɫȼգҶɽ׻Դս⣡
˿ȴοЦҲǸְ
ȻʱһطץֻõצͻȻһɫ׷£Ȼ鿪
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Ҷ۵ǵƬѪ֮У˲һȫסˡƶ˶Ҳһ˼ݡ
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˶Ŀõ飬ˣҲÿס֮ʱȴͻһצȻҪסˣǰ򵹣ⲻĿһĻˣȫˣ
׿СӣţƣԳҪˣȻҲܱŴͥڵɵǰ޹˺߰
ħؿʧЦһ£СҪˡպݵһֵλӣĪ
սУҲǿʼͷӶϸϸ˽ϽǾ֮ɫ
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һʱ䣬᳡ը˹ȫڸոǰֵһĻ
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ǺɫǿҪǹǿ׿Ҳʵܵ˲˺һֱǿţڼѵҲŵȥ
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ĵص˵ͷڵϵ׿ȴ̾ţߺߺߡûҪСӵϼһ׵˾ųɾϣһǴڡĻĻаϣ
ιιιϷվأΪ˵СϷϷǲǣ
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ŭ˴룬ֻǿȸĳƣ˼θ˵⡣
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ħڵҲ׷׿ǰ׿ķԸȸ󣬲ڱ˵Ĳ£ǹȥ
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һгؿһۣͷսɰܹϵ棬ôóȥųϻͬϷ֪̫ǾóϹӵģɼŶжôģ
̫һĹֻҪľͺáˣûʲôñ粵ġΪһŤģŵͳ΢΢˰Դﵭڣ֮Уڳһ壡
гϼˣҲ΢΢ͷðɣȻˣô˴սڵһǡ
гϿħһۣϾҪɷλڳ¿üѣҲ뵽ħгһգսгưԾڣ
ǻ˵һȴǼȵȣ
һת׿ȥȴһ׿
šôˣüͷ΢壬гһ⡣
Цһ׿ûʲôֻսڵһλʵڵ𣡡
׿֣Ӯʵ顭
￴ҪȰ˵ȴǱ׿ڰ֣ϵ֣Ȼսʮ˶սҶһսվǸԼǶսһսսλȻʲãΪôǺǺǡǣҲˣҶһҲ֧ŲסˡƾʣµĵʵǶ֡սվˡ׿䲻ǺˣҲ䣬ҸõõģҲãҵõģҲϡСһʩᣬǶ˸裡
΢΢һؿһۣ֣ر˱ȭ̾׿֣Ȼħʵڵþ֮ƣ
ֻǸЩĶ˶ѣǺǺǡЦһ׿ÿɷҡҡԴ


715 λ
ҿ˶һۣгϲص˵ͷ֮ɫܺãȻǶλô˴ս֮׿֮ƺеЩôϷϣ˴̫ڶħڵս̫ʤһʤ
䣬ʱֻΪϵʤߣ̫ڵģȴǸ׿˵ģ
õãõõ˿Ҫһ֣׿ѷ緶ڳ˶˼ħˣҲܶзȣ֮У
ħ˱˴˶һۣҲ΢΢ͷƺ׿Ͽʲôħıʣ
ħǸӰ΢΢һҲǳ³һ򣺡ħеƽʱǲе̫ˣǺǺǡ
ǽ㣬Ȼս֮׵ҫƳȥˣйڹѾҪˣ
һ˫۾һĻᣬɲÿζӵеġҲһ˫ᣬǾĸ߷ˣ
Цһǽ·ǵӰɫƺֿ˵ڰٵʢϿӣ૵һûб
ˮŮƺҲ֪˵ĵΪΣؿһۺ΢΢˵ͷת׿׿Ƕ˼˿Īζ
ֻɫ׿ҧгݡ
׿˾ٵʱӮڳ˵ĲٺøУҲǡǡгʱΪһ˽㾡ħڵڸս
ʱ˿̣Ѿвϸϸ˽һĵصЦڵ֮ʱ΢һ㣬ʱλٵĶС
ⲻƵҪıƵĻ׿һսˣ˲١ڣֻˣһζѣ
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Ȼܹᵽ׿Ǻˣаƻˣıȴи֡ΪΪ
ˣǿǸĶˣ
ǣţȴƫеĵͳֹֻܸܵͷȳħܵö࣡
˵һĶ˱һ޳ܵαӸֵýύöࡣϾǰߣظܵĵ֪ദ
ߣȴѾû˵׽͸ˣ´ʱᱳͱλεĵӣĽύ
ȻЩǴ󶼲ȥϸ˼ڶıܣܺȴܹܵ˭׽˭ԣ
ǺǶ׿ħͷøУȴԵֻеαӣ֮Աǣ
ϼһ˫гϣϷǵһμƫİ̫ʤʤˣʲôʤһﰡǺǺǡ·һУ΢΢źӣЦ
üƳһۣҲǲЦԾ˵ս׿ʤսϵ̫˼ӽʵŸոձ׿߳һѣ̫ʤ˵ԾǰθħӵôϼһͷƫһͷϷû˵ʲô㵹ȿˣǺǡ˱˻ԣ
ʲôƫһͷʱ׿˫Ժϼһһ̣Ҳʦ

δ˵꣬üǷۣЦҡҡͷô˵Ҳħӣ鹣ϷĽ̵Ǹ˵Ϸҵӣ»ҶˡȻˣϷµЩʱգȻд󳤽ʱϼһǵԼ㻹ǵðɣ
Ȼٱһ˭ĵ̳ɹ׿Խüͷһ𲻾Ц
΢΢˵ͷüҲЦŵãһΪϼһôֲʤǾСǷʤɣǺǺǡ
˱˴˶һۣЦ
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ˣݾ˫ᣬԴʱΪֹȻȫǽʼͳƸڸսսĻ֣Ծ˴˫ľԼǰʮŵӵλ
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˴˫ĽҪ¯ˣҲδõ棬ͷչǰԼ˴βμ˫Уÿ˵δ
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гת̨ϵڵӣ˸ƣˣͳƻҪһЩʱ䣬ǿȥϢˣ
΢΢ףڵг빧ر˱ȭ󣬱ԻصԼ
ħǲ˵׿ŵϢɷƵߣϹȻЩԹؿ˵׿ܼңһսûӮҲˣӮ˻ʤʵƵİ֪ս֮׵λΪ˫ϵսӶٷ𣿡
λҲЩΣ̾ƺҲΪǧѷֱ߻þ޿
簡ոһ̫ڵӮǺ֪ҵжʹʧжҲǾΪһʤ֣ܹڣڡ
ֱԸԸ⣿
Ȼɷδ꣬׿ȴһмƲƲ죬ŭȵ
һ㶣ɷһɻ󣬲⡣
׿ȴη۶̾ǹͷħԭһССڣͻȻ˾ս֮׵λӣ㲻úΣ𣿡
˶̲סһɷƺȻʲôɫһɫ
Ҫ֪֮Ҳһûʵȴ˴λյĽֻлһ;
۾΢΢һУ׿ңңԶںλųϿټڻ״гϣĳʵվǲϣħ˫λ̫ġ֮֮ħڵʵ̫Сܲĸλʸ֮ģǺ£
ͫ΢΢һɷæͷͬԶԶԣˣҲŷ֣ڿ׵λӣǵȷܵã̫Σˣ
˵ŹôĿǳǱͷˣ׿Һ˫ְִ˲ͷ亹ɷһꡣ
λҲǻȻ򣬺µص˵ͷ
Ȼ󵽣ǵõĪ󣬱ųӵ龰ԺӿɾͲùˣ
ͬʱ˿׿Ҳһ֮ɫѹ˫սƣͳȫ֣ȼ֮
˵ֹۣλȫС֮һ
뵽˲ȫЩصԴ
Ҳǰһ׿հкܴһƵӰ죬⼸ýʬѵûƣ򲻻ͬġ
ڣķˣΪ׿жǣһԽǹؼʱ򣬱Խ侲Խ˼ȫħס
۽ԶЩ⣬ʲôûеĸܱȵ˵ġ


716 δ
ս룬λһžڲϼ¼Ÿڻ֡Ҳڽɫһš
ǣħȴһ⾰е˶ûнעĿ⿴Ƕս̨ϵͷɨŵķ
׿ָָ㣬ϸϸ˽ţ˭ҲһԳɸӣضܵ޴󷴵òʧ˴˫һսسɼף֧δӻƵóԶչԣǵĻλҪҪǣƽȷչܸšȡڣڳżƺϵˣˣǲǽӦùעڣ
˴˫ᣬܳΪһƥõĽֻһСջջǽ˲ţ
оâһ׿һһǰָȥУħǷһ飬ԺӦûѺãǵһսд꣬ϧӦҲǲͬˡڣȻҶۣǸʩо֮ˣҲûʲô⣬ӦÿԽύħڡ˵еᣬħƺûʲô⣬Ӧ
üͷ׿˫ħ˼оһȷħڿԽύ
ʲô
һħ˽ǲԵؿ׿ֵ׿ܼң㵱ǲ㽫ħˣǿгİҲԽύ𣿡
˼׿Ƕصͷ૳֪Ȼ֪ȻûħڿԽύȻϴǵĹټħʱħȴû˿Թ֮ɫһǶսȻҲ֪ô£Կ϶ǣ֮ĳԹѾˡ
ν֮֮УҲһ̹ĵĳԹĻǾ͸ܽύɹˣ
žһ׿һ֣öǽҪѺýľĸţڵ̫ڡħڣڵĽںħڣԺǵʲô鷳£˵ǳæأ
ǡǽύģɶڵĵӣֲǳϹպǳ˴£öڵĸְ߲æ𣿡
Ȼ׿䣬Щسس
ԣҲһɻ󣬿׿
Цһ׿һĹâЦ֪ʲô𣿾ǳ㷢ǰύպã˴μ˫ЩȻǵӣȴǸŵĶǻŻȥˣǰ;һƬ֮ЩڵϼһﶼЩн֮ѵЩδŸ߲㣿ֻҪʲôҡŸĻڵĻȨзģҶˣŵľ⡣ǽǽύֵã
ǻʲô鷳üͷ¶зãһ
ҡҡͷ׿ʧЦһԴСѾͷһ۶ѵ⼸˫ᣬ㲻֪Ѿ˺ܶ𣿶ҲҽҪ˵ģպҪ֣طţȱڵڣȻڵڣڵںԦˡڶԹӦö֪
֪ˣͲˡЦһɷԴ̾ЩɽύܷύóɹҲ˵ڣǿʵʵ͸ˣպᷢʲô治˵
˷۶׿ƳһۣȴЦõμ˫ᣬಫв˵ģȻ޷ǰؼǵЩˣ£Щ˵⣡ѡĽύţʵǿǵĶͷҲǸֵΡڣԼ˶ôףûǣҲὫύΧڣ
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ңûоԵѾͻеˡԵֻʸ֮ģһ·սΪѡδѣҲڸѡδĵˣ
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һ㶣ȫסˣһؿ׿Ϊ˵ǣǡ
Цŵ˵ͷ׿£ǳ֪ǰҲ޷֮ǰȻ˵ˣ˫֮Ҿͻ뿪šҸոԣҲǶǵĶΪ۷һЩ°ɡȻ۷ҲôģϾһֽģҲϣô׾վʧպ󶼽Ÿ߲㣬ԴΪ䣬˵ķֽߡȻħͻȻ˳ڣһ֣֮ܵ
ȵȣΪʲôҪ߰˴˫ӹΰ֮󣬵Ĳѡɷһг
Ҳһеؿ׷׵ͷнǲᣡ
Ȼ׿ƽʱò˵û׿ûǵĽաһ㣬ķڷֻǵӣǳϹҲһ
ǣ˵Ŀ׿ЦŰ˰֣ǲ˵ˣħھͲԸֻһ׶ѡɣڿԻؼˣ
ؼң
̲סһؿ׿ݣȴһ˸У
ԭ׿ܼԼ֮ԼĹ֮أң
ħڣȴ֮ܳΪһң
³һɷǵ˵ͷ̾ȻˣҲǿˣסˡӽֹһңħ۷еӡϡġʱĴܼң
ǰ۷ûйְܼ֮ģԴ׿ܼˣôһֱƺﷴеҵˡʦֵǣֵһ㣬־ɳǣһ¶⡭ؿ׿е¶һ˿ɫ
˿׿Ҳܰ΢΢Դ
Ƥ̲סһ׿ûùģڶȨĻضѣɷϣһЩ
Ӱ¶ܽٵӢ۷ЦţеһУȷĵӣ۳һ԰
۷ȷеӵڣͬҲûʲô𣬿ϧȴ
Ƥ΢΢£׿¶ݸһЦħڵгϾҪսˡƺó̻ɡ
ˣ˫ڻѾȫˣλĿ
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΢΢һ̧֣𵱼ǾУüϸϸ˿ȷ΢΢˵ͷ
龰гȻתΧλãȵ˫λȻȷڵ̨
ǣ
빪һȭڵȫһ£̤ׯϵĲ̨ȥ׿˻ߣҲǱżȥյĽ֣
˭Цڣ˭Ϊףεߵתƣ˫һֽ֮ϡ


717 
üͷţ˶һŵض߹ۿ̨֮һ̲סʿĭԴںðȺһ˫ȭͷץţָ׶۵
ֻħˣȴ쳣ƽЩ˸СΪѾںˣ׿˵Ķԣħڵĵ̣Ӧ̫ߣ̫Σˡ
ûڴҲͲˣ
ֻǵӣ׿Ҫ뿪һ£аˣ
˫ڽ
Ǿչǰ𲻽ɤӣڵȣĩλԦڣ
˶߻죬˲Цһÿɷϵˡ
һڸտ㱻׿һȭţһûò㣬֮󻹰ȨۣõȫǸ֡г϶ˣŲף˭ף
ҲȷǵùȻһ˹׿ӵħڡ׿ʵ֮ĿãԦڵ³ôǺǡҲпԭˡ
ĩλ
ţڣһæ䣬עδүԭĩλһͻ䣬֪ܱܲΡ
ԣʱ˿̣ͷԴˮһ˫ȻѪ˫ͫǺǺͲţ˵֣
ϧ첻ԸῪڣȴǽгһŵ֣ħڣ
䣬ֵܻ࿴˿ǿЦҡҡͷ벻˫ᣬٽһΣȴû뵽ڵڶλĩλ»ȥǸϿϵɲ֪νˣ
гδϴүȴȻһİˣħڶĩλڵ³òֱӵڰɣ
һ뵽δٱһ޵ĳ嶯»ȥǱɣô䵽˾أ
ĩλ
ûڵӵİڣ
һεʮڵӵסˣžǴϲ벻֮׵λڰˣڣ
Ǳ׿ܺսʧܣǲϣˣû뵽ǾȻһԾڡ
Ȼֻĩλ㹻ϲˣ
׿˼ͬ˽ԭҲϲأεϲԽعֻǶֵˡ
ǼһϲҳڵĩλڵԵȴǵʱɵˣһ˲˹ȵף
ڣп϶һҪ˭˵һˣ
һʱ䣬Ե촽һһ񣬶پȫǿɬ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣ
˳ɼ˫ȥŸ߲㽻
бƳƳ𲻾¶һЦݣűλڣ
΢΢һԼҳϱ˴˶һۣȴǲϲسһϾҲûʲô
ֻҪ֮׵Ŀ꣬ȴûдɣ
ڳǣȴƺһ㣬˫˫Ŀע׿ƺħڵλǱλҪƵģ
λڣƺ⿴Եһۣ󿪿ڴȳ
һ£ȫȻõţ˴˫᲻ѱڵλȻһ䣬֮׶ûбסֱ䵽ڵڶλ
Ĵڵĸ߲һ˰ɣ
ڵĸ߲᲻裬Ҳ֪һجĺԵȴȷˣ˼شеȵȣˣô£ڿڣһ䵽˵ز
ߺߺߣɾҪı˰
Цһÿɷرĵħں̫ڵĶսϣΪ˱ʵȨ̫࣬ûõٻ֡ڵսϣְܱħڣŵķһǧɣպλϣ
̲סһԵŵӣʧһƨ˵ϣȫ֮ɫôܣڶսĻ֣ԶںҪö࣬ôȲϡ
˵ĲڻǶ࣬ΪڵӵʵǿӦģȨ۷Ҳ࣡
оâһüѽǻ㾡̫˵زϣ˴ΪںܹŶҪմȾ׵ЩˣҪ֪ǽһ˫нƲãͻᷴԼգɴ
ͫݺԵһƬãҲ֪Ľ̵ȥ֡
ҡҡͷλҲȥλħڣ
΢΢˵ͷħӶһۣǳãǻ֮Уϲ£סˣ
ǻħںͻϮǸȥأǿɾܴˣ
ôڡ׶λţ
󣬺ɫһ࣬ҪڵΡһʱ䣬ҲȫüעĿ񣬾š
λڣ
˶ϣҲδӵĶ䡣Ȼϵ𹫲δϻǰһڣ΢΢Ҫˤƣ
ĴʵǺѳܡ
أδת׺ݺݵ׿һۣҧгݡһУСӣӲŹġߺߣҵţ͵һ졭
оâһδƺ֪Щʲôڲ㣡
λħڣ
ڣгħڵţ׿ڵǱ˴˶һۣȴȫݸһЦϲ
ⲻڳ˶һ㶣λҲɢɫħк
һԾ֮ףѲµܱƽʵڲ򵥡
˵ǵˣǱڵģ
ǣ֪ħڵǼ飬ѱ׿ȥǳûˣ
׿һ·ǺˣҪ뿪ٴľϲҲ˲
ʼ磬λҲɶͷԣҲȥˡţһ֪λλ̫ڣ
ľߣ̫ڣδ˫ܣһҲһˣ̫ڵڣȫ֪˴ܱסλжôգ
ؿ׿һۣﲻ̾૳ϣԺ˫ϣڵӲҪֹˣ
ȥͷ亹ƺδ㣬׿żɵ֮ɫ
ڣµλ˿ȫȷŶڴ飬Ψ˫Ժ˫ϲŻʹģʥķַ
΢΢ɤӣ£üվ𣬴ȳݴ˴˫սʥַ£ڣλ̫ڵʥʮʯλħڵʥʯĩλڵʥʯ
һԣ˲࣬ôడ
ֻвμӹ˫ĳϹŻһЦҡԴ
ࣿǸʤߵģ
˫Ժ԰ߣûô


718 ֮
λħڣʥһʯλڣʥǧʯĩλħڣʥǧʯ
üĸߺȼ˶ǰ죬²һݣ˴˶һۣȴȫʧЦһһȣڵõʥʯʱһȼ䵽һʯڡ
ոջ˫Ժ󷽵ˣر˾֮ģԭ˫ԺַʥҲнƵģ籩ôӻ
ѾڴһΣôֻأߺߣһж֪ˣ
ˣҲǼһϲҳ
ħڣһڣǧ˫ϣ̵ֻһЩƬʥ󣬱˵չˣü˫ʥʯŸոܹûڴ󣬿νúܣ
û뵽˲͵õһʯʥⲻɷλʱϲżʮδᶼδܵõ밡ʱһӾ͵õμ˫õܺͻҪööö࣡
ʱ䣬ħ˶ֳ˱ĸоһʯʥǴȥٷչʮһһΣȫڵӰˡ
һУȫ׿Ǵģһʱ䣬ǿ׿Ӿͬʱ뵽ϾҪ뿪Ҳֲᣡ
㶫׿򿴲۵ġȱ˵ϴһ˫ԺʥֻϰʯĿʯߣ͸ЩԼʥʯȻӻӶˣ
һ棬µǸλ˷ħڣǱȴһǧɣ˲ʵ۱ؤڣ
ǧʯʥʯһѾˡҪ֪ԭȿڣǵףÿ˫Ҳõʯʥʯ
ƾЩʥʯڵĵ̿νʮӴÿԵӳϹĿҲܾ޴
һΣȴֻûȥǧʥʯһҴҵ˵νǱˮнֱһ˫ΪֹŹ⼸궼Ҫսˡ˵ʵ½ѵ֮λ
һ뵽Ÿ߲ǵ֪һجĺɫԵһ޵ĳ嶯ε˫ᣬʵǴʧܰ
ôܹ뵽˴˫Ƶ֣ħ뽣һӲǰǼز
֪ˣ͸ðĶսõõõĻ֣Ҳˣ
ħСΪҪʵԸǣӲ³Ǹҵţߣ
ݺݵ׿һۣԵаޣҧгݡȴȫ˰üǰѵ⣬㾡̫
ؿһۣüҡͷ̾ӲɽҲ
ħڣȻҲһ콵һ񣬵ô֮Уǧʯʥʯǧʯ˵Ҳɽܡ
ǿһùߵźǵƽࡣ
ǺЦֵ뽫Ŀ͸δȴֻһףǳ鴤ھŰü棺λڣʥʯһǧʯλڣʥʯʯĩλԦڣʥʯʯˣ˴˫Žʥʯַϣ
лλʹͣһȭݵȴϲŭбаζӳ£вͬ
ƳϿδϣƺаŭƵģЦһοιĪҪգħС˵־ֻһ˴ʥѣڻûڵʵҪλ»Ҫʮʱ䡣ڼ䣬еǻᡭ
ŶҲģоâһδؿһۣȴ¶һЦݣ
¿һ£Ƴƺ֮̽ôιѾдˣ
ߺߣдˣ˶СˣֻһѡֻҪʱһϣͨɲҪùĲźã
΢΢һƳüͷ²¡ֻ㰲οįĻ֮׵ĹӣҪ֮ѹħһͷʹѸ
û뵽Ȼ˶ԸĲԣҪһɣ
ֻǡǾǰֵ̫˫Ժ֣ԼҪɲҪҲǣȥ
һʱ䣬ƳüͷĬȴǲشˡ
ƺеǣδϲаЦһĵİɣ֪ڵʲô˫ԺΪս𣬶Ծ֮ĦǺеġӦһ仰Ѷϼ£
ʲô˼ǡƤ̲סһƳƺ뵽ʲô
һЦδ϶ݺݵض׿ǻһĻȣϵɽǣ־񡣾ħڣСҲͲ˴ˣʱһУħڵļ°ˣ˫ҲûʲôʵֽܲǡǲͳݣҪԼˣߺߺߡ
˫ͫ΢΢˶ƳϳȻص˵ͷ
ˣ˫սĻҲų˱ʮŵӵΣӦĽ
ţü˴˽˸ڡһʱٴɫһ࣬ھ⣡
ħлĺö֮ˣǻΪԼһеĵλ
΢΢ɤӣɺվɨһۺ󣬵ڣ˫ᣬǰʮŵӵʮλħں٣һʥʯ
üͷһЩ㶣û뵽Ҳǰʮǿӣϲ
ǻгٴ𣺡ǰʮӣھλ٣ʥʯ
һֵܵʱһ߬ȭһ˷ܲѡֵܣȻѡˡôҲ˵Ƕлѡ˫Ժڽޣ
ǰʮӣڰλδϣʥʯλл䣬İʥʯλƷ壬ʥʯλΣʥʯλԵ߰ʥʯλħͰ˰ʥʯڶλ;Űʥʯһλ
˵𲻾˶٣ȴһšüͷнɻ֮ɫ
˵˫ǿˣĪ׿ҶĪΪʮŵӵλֻʣһˣ˵ȴûᵽ
òᡭҶѾ˰ɣԺûŽȥ
һ뵽ոҶȻһϢʱҵӣԽԽˣ̾̾˸֣ۣʵǿϧ
Ҳã˭һµĴڣֻܸ̾һɽһɽˡ
ǣȴˣǻ򱯻򰧵ɫ𲻾һʮţһλҶۣʥʯһǧʯ
ʲô
һϢȫȫըˣȻȫһ˫˫׿ȻĲƽ
Ϊսʤûбǰʮ֮У߷õ˿סѵ˵˫Ժ˫ϣҲʼкĻ
ǣĻҲڵ̫˰ɣϹ˭ʤ˭ֲܷû
һ뵽ʱͻȻ־Ҷ۵ĳ棬ڳ˶аز²ţҶ۸òλʲôϵɣûнڲٵ̻
Ӳʵݵһŵ׿ųȥΪ֮
ûʵԶ˾ҶսҶ۵µһ׿ȻеݵһûλϣĿе֮˭Ҳܷϣ
һʱ䣬ǿ˫񣬶˲ɡ
ڸǱ𡭡


719 ս
Цһλ˴˶һۣﲻ֪룬ҡͷ벻˫ԺǧĹվһС˲ɵľʵǷ̵úܣ
ƽĹ󣬾׾ͱ֮Զ˵ʵʼδ
Ҳ˵ˣ̶̼ռ䣬׿Ӱ˺̶ֳȣĸԸΪıƽ
˵ĺ˸λӿ࣡
ˣ֪ΪΣǰʮĵУû׿֣ңңλ£Ϊ̫ӣǵһΪ׿˵ˡ
һҲǷ׷ǺɺͲ
Цһ𲢲ֻǽעȵ˫Ժйأ˲죡
Ȼ˵ĵĮȴ͸һɲΥ˼棬ڳ˲ʱһٳˡ
ǿǲҵǿĴ˵ģ
ô
ȻԣȴǲÿɷһЦȻһݣȻ˫ԺĹأӲκ飬λ𽫵Ҷ۵Ŵгȥɣ
ʲô
һڳ󾪣λҲüͷ΢ؿ
Цһλŭûб˼ֻǵӲԼűһ֪νλӺͿҲû˫ԺǸСʦܵƢԣҲԸõʵλŰɣ
˼ǣ˫Ժˣǵţüͷһ
ǹŭڳ˶սս
Цҡҡͷæм䣬ȴǳ˸ǿ֮УǺǺǡˣ̫һӣĸ˲֪ߵغֻ¾ãʦֵܶ˵λʵû˫ԺԵĻ͵Ǹ׿һλ޳ɣ
ԣ˲һݣ˼
Сӷ˵Ƿָû׿Ҳмϰ񣡻֮˵Ƕû˫Ժλʵڼǹ˵λʧʣǲмС
һʱ䣬˿ķ¶˾֮ɫ˰˫ĵɫȻˣݵһţ
׿Ҳؿһۣ°ͷһ㣬̫ڣȻֵýύ
ȻǶϰˣô˳ȥҾݵһ˰ɣ
ȻʱһЦȴǺת׿ȥȴħɡ
һаؿ׿һۣħνʼ磺Щгȴ̫û˼ҪҲ˳ⳡλˡûжֵλֻиǵĲԽԽ󣡡
ǺǺǡħִǰ˶˰㿴˿ԣ𿴲֮㰡ǽĩλ´ξһǣɱܣҪһ
ЦһҲǲƴڻرԼ⡣
ʱ䣬л䡢ƷҲȫ׷׳ԼλԮ׿
һ£սһ·ˣǻǵһμ˶˫Ժľأ
λƺҲû뵽׿ܵô˫漸ѣĴŵĵӱȻ
龰˫𲻾ݸһЦؿ׿ͷ
ֻʵȺΪݵһ˶ѣڿСԺΪݵһ˰
ţ̧»һѹ˱ȫûؿ˫𣬵˵
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Ȼˣսսϣһ˳ģҲĿá˵ӦôԸսսΪλĹأ鿼ǡ
ʲôһ˼
οЦҡҡͷ𳤳һĵʮӵϼһģ׿ıѾǵзΧҲ˵вʵУϷֺ󣬻˶֡Ҳ˵ϷҲ°ܽˣȻһ⡭
ˣ׿æһݣǫѷ
˰֣ЦһҲأҪ֪ϷʵΣʵΣϷǰ˶֣ѾǹˡԣǶԾҲʧȥ˶еʸ񣡡
СһǣǵĽԭҲǵġλ񵥣׿ŲϣΪǡǡ෴ǵλ񵥲񰡣ϼһǧͷһΣλһλλ֮λ׿Ϊ˿λҲ˵ʹˣӦ˵ʥǧʯ
£ڳ˲ȫסˣ֮ɫõ˫𣬾ȻûʸһӵʵİֱǧδС
ڣΪһˣλϼһλ⡭
СӣԾҪˣϾҪλ˰
Ȼ䣬ȺУȫһؿ׿нδݵһˣ嶤飬˵ǰ˫ʾĳˣ
ǽһȣҲǷ׷׿أϲɫƺ׿ܵô٣Ӧ飡
׿ȴںֻǷŸ˴к£һ¹ϵѡ
ֻδϵˣ׿˵⣬ȴɫԽԽȻ˲ע⣬ĿɨħڵЫĪľâ
ߣݵһˣ
δﵽӢţ
ˣ˶
˿񻶲ϣü𲻾Цһվ
أٴֹͣ˽ؿλԸ
΢΢ɤӣü𵭵˫ȫλԶλҲ԰Ȼںˡڼ˫Ժ޵ӵһԻ֪ᷢͨôھͶɢˡ
䣡
ȻüĻδ䣬һȴǵʱ쳹˶ߣĺҲֹסزš
̲ͫסһλʱ󾪣˴˶һۣʥ
򿪼ʽ쿴﾿ʲô£һȣ𼱼ųϣ
΢һףϽᶯӡ˵ǰʱһƬĻǹĻ֮УһӲɽɽͷһӵͷɫա
һɳĺ蹵쳣سǰ˲һŻǿƻ

в˫˴˶һۣٿǺ蹵ĺۼȫףСս


720 Ԫ
ףʦ㣬ǲСǸƹͷ𣿡ڷ򣬵ָɽ֮Ͼߣˮֿǵ
΢΢˵ͷˮһ죺ûʱ׿˵ز¶ľ֣֮Ѿ֤ʵˡû뵽ʵ֮ߣܿôһ蹵ʵڷ˼
ǶؿҲ΢΢Դ
۾΢΢һУ׿ؿüͷ壬˼һС
Ϊ͵͵ﵽ뱻֪ȴŪ˴󶯾עˡ
ǽǸɽҲǰʥΪ˫תˣŭ֮£˫ǰ̯ƣ
ǰ͵ɣҪˣ
˫ô׾ͱ˵ݵһ֣ҲֻڵѣλʦǷأ
˫ȭ˽׿üͷԽԽ
ʵ龳Ҳ˫һԿڹܾܿͽȡʥ¶ˡǵʱ򣬵˫ͬʱ鷳ַӾˣ
Уһ·˼иңͲύģľͻᣡ
˶֪ʥǿһշģ˭뵽Ŀͫǿʥأ
һʥʧ٣ҲֻڶԷΪֻƶǰʥỳɵ
˴ûڵأ֮ԤõϷ룡
ڣ׿ֻϣԤıõܹ˳Ϻڲ棬ñ˴˶ΪʥڶԷͺáǧŴĽᾡȥ飬ʦͽ
ĻǺܿͻỳɵԼͷϣԼ군ˣ
鷢ļʼΪ΢Сǲܵġ򣬵Ͳô͵͵ؽȥˣ
۾΢΢飬׿°š
ôᵽͨѾȫסˣʣһˡѵƤӵ£ȥ𣿡
΢΢˶ȳƺŭ
üû˵ֻüͷ΢΢ҡҡԴ֪ʲô
ڴʱʥǰĵϵݣڷд絶̰㽩Ӳ΢΢³һȳʱͨǼʽشڳ˵ĶУλʦͽǰݷã𣿡
ʲôʦ˫Ժ
²һһؿн㯣
࿴˿λһΣȻһȣһնʱһҫ۵İ׹ͨһ̤˽ȥüҲǽϣ
ˣͬʱʧӰ
Χɻˣǽʦǰȥôʦ𲻳棬Ҫλȵȡѵ˵λġǣ˵λһֻչһλӡ
ݵһˣ
ʱ䣬ףǸڿĲӰǿĴ
ħһУʵѲµݣϣһ
Ȼ˾ǵҲֻŸҷųԣʮڣȥ˭ܵã
ⵤԭʦǿ˫ʵ߲ơ˵ãһ춯صĴս
ܿǿ˾սǲаǺǺǡ
һЦħǼȫ΢΢
ˮŮ֪࣬ȴǳ׾ˣȻ֪ͷ򵥣Ҳû뵽ͷǿ˹
ǿ֣˭˸ǣ
ǣǸСЩ֪ɵѾͷȻô̱ƹˡ׿ۼ⣬һУֹǵĻ˵Ⱥ֪Ѿͷǿʲôֵ
һ뵽ͷŭľ춫ˮһ£׿Ǽģûɴ
أȻ䣬Ůһмؿ׿ȴֻǻƵģ˫ĿضǴеĻ治ţһ˫ֶ߬˺ˮ
ݣ
ƿ죬λʱ˵ǰ·ǵ׵ĺ蹵ٿɫλҲ
ӭʦ̬𣿡۾΢΢һУ
̧Ƴһۣջǹ΢΢һݣͽμλʦǻͽĻ
ߺߺߡ㵱ôĻȻ˫ԺѲͽҲѲˣʮѵ˦˦䣬һ
̲סһ飬һȻ˵ĻﻹҸʦͽ֮񣿡
һΪʦΪѵûн̹𣿾ǲͽˣͽܾܲʦ𣿼ǣܲʩ𣿺ߣԽԽûˣ΢΢˰ͷӦ

²һͣȴοЦһ̾ʦǺǰһû䣬޳ܰ
󵨣˵ʦ޳ܣͶ˾һ
ǣҵȷʲôеվö˵ˣ⻹Ǹʦѧа˷޳ܷ緶Ҿڲ٣ͽᰡǺǺǡЦһ༥
һ۶ȥȴҲƺЩܰ·ֻصǰ˫ԺָСʱʱ龰
ü⣬ʧЦһٿͻôΪ
򿪽߽ģΪûҵǰѽ

üͷһüȻ콣ɣѾˣαҪȡ
ôңǵӦңֻҪгһսʤǶ֮һʸ̳ǰѽ
ǶͽܵĳŵѲˣضͻ߳
ÿɷһЦνʼ磺£Ҫǰѽģ۸ʲô۶νԭͽԸλʦͻҪĵشȻǷˣôֻðԼɡһˣˣҶǣõǰѽ
ߣôĿΪг˫ԺʱһΪܴˣЦһ𵱼ȵݵһˡˣ˫ǴӲֿġǰưݣ㻹ûǸʸ񣡡
Ƥ΢΢һаŭ˫ȭ߬ҧûǸʸս˵ɣ
˵ţȫǶȻų
ʱ䣬رɫӿĽǵذ˷۹֮һнԱǿĽâΪɻҡ
δУ֮
龰ڳ˲´󺧣ʵһϣ˲䱻³
ݵһֳ֣Ȼͬ죡
׿̲סͫһгߣԪ
ûڻ꾳֮ϣǷ豹棬Ԫˡʱ֮νǻأ޿ƥУǷǿڣ
һ׶εߣҲ͵ųʥͻƷˣֻǸߣʸʥؽ硭


721 ʦͽս
ӿ֮ڣضΪ֮ϲ紵˫һһףͷ෢˿Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ٽǧ겻ʵȻ࣬ڼǶ֣ҲǿʵΪɵ
սУ˶Ҫ棬Ҳȫ֮ɫͬʱлһ˿С
ԪֵռսǧѷĻᰡ
ʦͽ˶֮ǰϷһҪ㣡ͻȻü΢ڵʵ
Ƥᶶһ£³һ˵
겻ΪλȻȡǰѽǿУҪưһҸɣ
һҲһ˫ͫضգһ࣬ƺҲڵȴشƵġ
۾΢΢һУԥһ£૵һҪ˵𣿡
˵ҲԣѾͽܣû棡΢ü
ҲǽעŵһƬĮǰӦý̹㣬κ£жи˵ԼɣǴҲá٣㲻ã
λһһͣʱһȤ龳
һʵﻹûٰǶ˵ʦ̽ȡ˽ĳԣ䲻̳Ѿ񽣣˴
ƺҲЩˣ˼Σ̾ʵ֮󣬵ӽݵǸϹսû֮콣󣬿ȡʤ
ݽǵ۹ġܽ𣿡
̲ͫסһü𲻾һŵôǸϼһģսˣ
̲סݺ𣬺Ҳ˫ȭ΢΢˽ҧҧ󣬴СӣǵιͷˣΪ˸ݵһ˵ţΪ޵ǲǣݵǸϹǵĴڣĻΪͬݣȴɴƣ
ûٹֻһƬȻƺȻѾ
·𿴴˼ü𽥽ƽʵ㲻Ǹçײ֮ͽӦúִ֪磬˲ǣΪΡ
ɷ䣬ΪΪ
˿죬̾λʦ𣬲֪Ƿ񻹼ǵã뿪ǰ˵ģҵԼ֮ʲô
˴˶һۣͷȻ´ͬ
ûҵĵҲĵ
һ֮ɫһ˵ĳǹͬһͬ¡Դһȷһã֮ͨˣڳ޵ʹʧңħԣȥʵ룬Ҳ뿴İɡ⼸ڸݼļзУȷһĵطԴ
ϧþҵʵطûЩСȴƫƫݽǵ۹ţƫҪսһʼ뼴㽣ǵ۹ǿǲǸ֮أټԪҲҸӡû룬ǸϹﾹԳҶĶ˵ĻԴ֮أϾͻᱻǵ۹ΪƽأѪһ
˵һͣ˵ȥˣλȴѾΣüͷһ¡Ϲǳİɣ
ǺǺǡûλʦȻĿ档
ʧЦҡҡԴ̾ǵطǸС۹ĴС޷ḻԹҸ˴֣ýǵ۹ҧţֻΪͷ롭
˵ţһͣûֻ촽ڶȴﴫˡ
λͫһ¶˾ݣ
Цһ̾ϼһչ꣬ʵǣγأѾʼдˣΣӣϣλʦ׼ǡҶ˴˫ϣҼ˲űЩСһܳɳһ˿
ɫ˵أλ΢΢˵ͷ³һ
Ǻܿ죬üͷһһµȻˣϷ򶼲֪òðѽˣ
ǺǺǡǰȷìܣǲҵĻҴսذܣһ˿ʤ㡣ǸҵĻ˵պѽͻΪ¾ݵλʦҲ൱ìܣ
ЦһһȫٴδţȽгȻ˵ĻǾյԼһ㣬ʵʤɣ
ؿһۣλҲǶص˵ͷƵãʵʤ
䣬λǰҲƴţɽֹסϵ´ܳǻǵ࣬ǹصʱѵǰ޾ѹ˻ȥ
ʱ䣬󺣣Хɽ֣ӭԣǿƷ·κ˰ؼһУռ䶼ڲϲ·ʱҪըһ㡣
̲ͫסһ˼龰ʧɫ
ǿֵ𣿼ֱףزݣƶҪ˰ɣ
⣬Ǵʱ˿̣Χе뷨Ȼţȴǵʱȷȷʵʵᣡ
ǿǿ
ֻ׿Ƥ΢΢һһ°̾ãǴˣûйʥʧкλɣ
ڸ˻̫ЩٿᣬܷɣҪ˫սΣ
Ǻ׿Ŀתš
˫˫
һȣ˫˴һƣһ£һһǿʱΪһ壬ת̫㡣
תؼҲڲʱ۳һɽĺڰ׾ſ
ţ˫һƣХǰݺݳײȥǹǿѹδǱƵõֹסŲ鲽սˣ
ͫ΢΢һҲżָ£ָ񷣬һУһָķһ֧㡣
Ȼؼǿ͵Ľ·ҵ˹ް㣬׷ʱָϷγһõ콣Ӱ
ʸһľ
񷣬أضֹסز
ն߳
ȳȻӿһݺݵ£ʱײڼĺڰ׾
أȻ䣬׹ػ𣬾޽ӭ˾
ڶཻһ˲䣬һ춸ȻըأҲǺһƺ¶ڵ˹ԡǿĳɨܣʱ˷ʥ֮ɽΪƽأ
ٹһƬǽ徰ĩ٣Ϳ̿
Χ˼ˣȫȫˣԪֵȫһȻ˹Ȼ׿Ҷ۶˵ĶսҲܿ£ȴûԵĳ淢Ҫһ綼ľ
һʱ䣬˵ɫЩɷףһμ˾ֵĶսǷﵨ
ѹֵҷųԣʮڣȥɣ˫Ⱥס˿ֲʵ̧̧־һڣȷʸ񰡡


722 
ݺݵسһ𣬲Ͻţұ죬ؾ䣬˭Ҳ˭վʱ
һ죬ӰʱȻʧ˫Ǻڰ׾ҲǺȻ飬ɢ
ȻǱһɲǣһ˿˲䴩Էֱֱ˫ȥ
ۣ
һǿ͵˵ؿڣһƵ춯ֹסȻ̲ס³һѪ
ݣ
Ľ̶ķգۼλǰǻδӦôʱǷֱ𴩹Ƕ˵ļͷɢѪ
ʱ䣬˶սʦͽ棬һй󣬾һܾ˵ƽ֣˭Ҳûռһ˿Ȼȫ˲ʣ
˼ˣ²һ̾ⵤȻݵһ֣һжǶǰʦȻսɸƽ֣ڵһ˳ƺŰ
սϵʦͽˣԴ˾ȴ鸴ӣζӳ£֪ȥδӣ
Ӳ΢΢һ£бƳƳԼϵƣãȴ̾ĵ߰ɣ
ϼһ⡭Ƥһüؿ˺һֿۣƳһǸѾû˿ϤϢɢʥ󣬲̾΢΢˵ͷ
Ҳ̲ͫסһĨһ˿ǵѪգٿԼؿǰȥӣҲһ㣬һ̾
ǰֻ˫ƴ˸ܾ˶ѣʵԻ˫֣Ҳûʸǰѽˣ
λʦȻǰһΪݵİȣǺǺǡ
οЦһ°̾˫һݺתʧӰ뿪üüͷһǵؿϼһѽ𣿡
ǰǶѾû˽ϢӦ˰ɡǰŪô󶯾ǰҲҪ֤һ£ߡˣҲѽ°ɣ
ʧЦҡҡͷٿһ¼ͷ˿ڣ̾Զһܸƴƽֻ֣óˣαǿأ
΢΢˵ͷüһǳϼһ˵ûҲʹ㽫⽣ˡոҲ˵ˣϼһѾʼжû֮Ļ
ĳҪ֮ΣѵϹû𣿡
ЦһҡͷʱϹǱǰɲǶ֣⽣Ϊ֮սɡӮ䣬ûźˣȷǿ
Ƥ΢΢üҲǳ̾һͬص˵ͷǰûά֮ߣΪеĵͳսҲֲǴǰĹˡǽͨǸͨˣվǰ߽𣿺ǺǺǡûϹĳʲôϵ߾ˣ
ЦһüƺҲˣǺܿüǡô֪ģѵǴƤӵĲɣ
ǺǺǡˣ׷ЩϸڸʲôνˣЦһתʧӰ뿪Ǹģݵĸ֣׼ӭϹ֣ǵǰ֮أ
üüͷһҲʧЦŵͷʧӰطȥˡ
ǣ˫𣬻ǵûз֣֮ᡣ
˫ԼˣõߣΪѾѽˣ뿪֮⡣ǵȴһֱΪλ֪ˣԹ⽫תƣǱλ
ټ˫ƽ֣뿪Ϊ˫֮⣬ûսʤ˫𣬱㲻ѽֻȻ뿪
Ǻ֮콣ʱΪĴڡΪ˫˫ȴΪˡ
˶򲻻뵽ѽȴǾ׿߬ţ
˫ٴλصսУɢȥûʲô쳣󣬻ع˸ոջ׿ųһȻ˫ˣĴȻˣ
ݵһˣ˸ĺڹ֪
ͨͨ
ЦҡҡԴ׿һ̾
ǰʦͽϵǹϵ֮һΡǹ°֮ˣȻϸ֦ĩϽƽϣ˴˹ͨ
һ˱ײᣬҲ׿һֱ顣
Ļ뿪Ļִһ㣬׷ǱڣĲݵĻ׿ıѾ¶ˡ
䲻ĻɣΪصӶ¶ǳ°
ϧֶ̫̫߰ˡ
ûӮûʸõ񽣣ţ϶ķ䣬˵Ťͷߡųɾһǧԩ
ӿԷĵңȥˣ
΢΢һ֣׿°Цذ˰Դ
ɷ˼ˣ֣ףôͻȻôˣôˣ
ǵ֮׵λӣѵø𣿺ǺǺǡüͷһ׿Ȼطܵ

һ㶣ɷɶĺͷԣλţѾˣôڲһϲӣղҲû˸˹
šҷӦתת׿Ц
̲סݺݳ˳飬ɷ˲뷭˸۶
Ѿſڴƻˣⶼ˿һʱʱˣѾ񾭷仡һʱ
治֪СڵʲôΪڸˡȻ˵Ǿˣ
ʼ磬˱˴˶һۣҲʧЦҡҡԴλ׿ܼңʱô֣ͷصúܣ
ţϱ׿صǵŴϢ׿ƻָǱ̻ڣ
˫ѾԲɣֻȥŽˡɷλȻȲҪľϲţüˣ
׿úȥһںδţϸ⣬ɷ׿ܻڣϷţЦһ뿪ˡ
׿ҲݸһЦÿɷ
Ȼڴʱһϵȴǵʱ𣺡СһҲûȥ˰ɡദ⼸죬ϷЩţ
Ȼһ׿̲סһ𣬸æת׿ȥȴһϤӰһʧغźƣǵɡ
ǰǰôˣ²һ׿һ˿ĭȴ¶һӲЦݡ
ͷòᷢʲô̽ɡ
׿Щģƻľ޻֮Ʊ϶ʶƣ鷳ʹˣ
ʵؿһۣʧЦһҡҡԴ̾վʧˣλзǰѽϷò˰
ôᣬҼǰһж˫𣬺ǰ񽣣ǰݣ˭ʸӵУæһĴָ׿ƨһٹάȴǲ¶ŵǰĿģŷ


723 ϧǰ
ʵضʧЦ˰֣ЦСӣϷסǴƽǴ䣬Ϸˣûʸӵǰ񽣡һĻϷս׶༪ˡ
ʲôǰһսüͷһ׿̽ʵ
΢΢˵ͷ̾ǰݵһ֣ܽϷʣܹ¹ʮУѾˣ
ǰʵֻսʮУǴ˾ǿֵزͫ΢΢һ׿һͣݵһˣݵһˣ˲ࣿ
Цһ³һڴŨŨľ׿֣صСӣᣬδʢѱҪסˣ죡ݵһʲôݣܲŵǰʮ֣һأ
ʲô
Ƥ΢΢һ׿´󾪡ΪڵʵݵĲ࣬ǾʵĲ
Ͼ׿ʥħתʲôûֻͬһ½ϣʵȻܲֵزʵľ
ͺһ꺢ͯҲƣھȴһֵĳåܷĵ£
ⲻҪ˳ô
ΪΡݸֻ˶أ
ƺǿ룬Цһĵ½ϣֻݲͬĵؽ磬֪ʲôͬ𣿡
΢΢ҡҡͷ׿ʾӲǱˣ֪£
Ǹֲͬ
ǲһ֣ɫ̾ݣΪ԰ټƵĵ۹ʵΪڷɢβսϾ۴̣ǵ۹ơ֮ƴʲôսģ
²һݣ׿΢΢˵ͷü˼
һٺһھƣݲһһϹһӴĵ۹ǵ۹ܽ𣬽ǵ۹ڣǧǰ㴴۹ԼʵǿһΧĹҺšչһݣȫǽǵ۹Χ
ʲһݣһ۹üͷһ׿´󾪡Ȼ֪ΪݻǿݱȲ˵ˣ
ֻΪⷢչЧʣһ۹ΪλһȻһɢɳҪǿö࣡
ֻܰһ۹ưһݣҲţˡݾûĴڣǲ룬û䣬һҲ첻
ݣ˫ȻǿܿϧǶߣû۲ΰԣ
ؿ׿һۣصļЦСӣܿóǸɴµˣеϹһʡȺۣưһĶҪӽˣʵѾʼжȻҪʱգ̫ᣬʱ䲻࣡
˵ʲôж£һ㶣׿һŤŤͷ
ЦһȻϹһ鵯۹ǧ귢չһͳݡҪģǷ֮䣬Īʱе˶ᱻǣҲ⣡徻ŮܶǱ۹ܶ𣿡
ǺǺǡδǵģΪˣδΪǵĶ֡ڣϣ׼ҪʱĪ
Цһվͦͦ׼뿪ˣ֮ǰС߶ϣݵܾɳֹܷⳡѣɣ
Ƥ΢΢׿أɲ
ֻ뾲շʥ򣬵յô˵ĻһϯݵĴҿʱᷢ
Լν徻ﲻУ˭κε
ҼҴҵģǺȻⳡսңȴǺǲǵȫ׼ܰ뿪
׿˼ţӰǽã뿪Ǿʧһɲǣȴַ·ʲô㣬ѵСӣǸŮҲи׵ãҪϧǰ˰
УħG˶Ů鳤׵ָ˭׿һ죬
ǺǺǡħΣȣ㲻Ǹ˶ѣĪҪ֮£һܵĵЦʧӰ뿪
׿η۶ͷȴǶʱһǳ
˫һ𣬿ɾͺټ˰ֻҵĵ
һĪİˣ׿ر۾
׿ԼķϵǴһ롣ڴڼ䣬ڵ½½Ѿŷء
ħڡڵȵӣǰ׿˸к˵Щףտ֮Ļ󣬱Ҳˡ
ص˵ͷ׿ȻһЦЩŽύѾͿЩһպθЩѴ򽻵ˣҲܷĻˣ
׿Һ˪վҪˣǺʱȻһŮЦ׿ķһ˴򿪣ۿȥȴɣ
üͷ΢壬׿δ»Ҫʮʱ䣬ܶԷ⣡
Է⣿˭Ҫ㣿һһֵ
Цһ׿Ȼ˭ҪҲ֪̫࣬һЩǺõģ
΢΢ΣŮȻص˵ͷ׹˴˫ᣬ׿ȷв٣Ϊǰ͵ϮȫҲӦõġܲһ˲֮лɳ˰ɣ
ȻˣǾһˣˣ˻֣ŮЦòһƺһ˿֮ɫ
׿֣˼òǶ˶Ի³Ҫٵȼգǻȥ
ģһϲ
˪ȴǺݺ䣬һۣŻعЦˣǸǽһ·ȥ·Ҳ̽һ̽Ѱ˼ֺ㡭ء
û˵꣬˪ͨظæ͡
ҲҪˣüͷһ׿ԼҪϢ³һлŵԣæ̧ȥ
Ůˣһ㶣Ҳæϣ
һĹ˱˫Ժ֮ءǴʱ˿̣ȻۼһȺˣڵӣ׼뿪ˡ
ˮŮ׿Ҳǲһת˳
ǽ㣬ˡ䣬С
΢΢һ𣬳ǻתȥȴ׿˫עЦһ̧ǰʵƺö𣿡
öˣôڲ̫˰ɣ
ǺǺǡ׿ܼҲһôҲȥ𣿡ؿ׿ǲЦ
΢΢׿֣ؿǣͻȻҰʱ䣬Ǹ⡭𸴣
˵꣬׿ת뿪ûһ˿ɣǳȴԭءţ΢΢һ̣سҸˮ
Ȼתһһڽߡ
Χ˼ˣȫɵˣׯıˣʱ¶˲õЦݣôúö
Сӣ˵ʲôˣ
ǽ㣬ôˣǣ·ʶһ㣬ʵ
һϲץ֣ƺЩϲõո˵ҪҴ𰸣ɿˡ
˼ˣһͣ仰ʲô˼
ֻгԼףһܾǰʹ׿׿ȴʼղԸԵ⣡
ؿһУ˫ȭ߬нǼ֮ɫ
ꣿߺߣܺá


724 Ƽ
ʮպ׿ƿţһھΥʿֳ³ȣϵ㳹׺תˡ
⣬ѾˣȴħڵǾӺɷλǶһֱʹ׿˺ú󣬺һڡ
⼸ռ䣬ڵѾ½½ȥˣֻˡȴһ뿪Ҳһ
ǰȴǽȻͬˣ֮ǰʱȴϲ
׿ͲһˣԳ˰ɣ
Цؿ׿ɷһ˿ϷŰػȣѾŷ˴Ѷ˵ºȥֻٺ١ûͨεս
üͷһ׿ɷһĻЦ̿ģЦһôǻǻģ
ǸżȤƴƴŵֳɵϢǣҲ̫ˣ
ɵôЦһɷ׿Ƥգգ۾㶼Ҫ뿪ˣô˻ú׽ŪһǰϼһԺɾûˡֻҪǰϲѶȥǾŭҲʱϨģԲԣ
˴˶һۣҲȫЦһÿɷ
΢΢ʼ磬׿νðɣҶҪڵˣڹ׽Ūǰɣ
˼ǵĴܼңˬļɷЦҲǵͷЦţ֮ȴǸ֮ܰɫ
ΪǶ֪׿ദӣѾԽԽˡ
׿˵Ҫ뿪ħˣȻʱһŮͻȻ׿ת׿ȥȴ˪ŮһؿҪȥܵøһ׼ȷĵطɣҪǶ֪ȥ㣡
Цһ׿Ŀ૳ǲȥˣһصħڽ󣬾ͻؼˣͬǻ𣿡
ģһŮϲг
ЦҡҡԴ׿ֵͷȷϵȻҸǶգڣһߡһؼңСѾͷ·ϻʲô⣡
ϲԽͷŮʱĻŭš׿ܻصңǳϦԣҲóԶ˼֮ˣ
ֻǳǲһͬȥŮȴЩϧϾ˭׿Ϊ˽⣬ûһܱȵϳǵġ
Ůӣܸ׿ϦദͬΪУҲǾϧ
ʵǵӺݴȣŮУҲų⣬ͬһĻǶĽҲ
ˣǳ
Ȼ˵˼ȥ׿һȴˡ̧ۿ˿뿪ӰŮҵæϡ
û߼˪ȴһͣ˫֮ͫҹǳâܲڼ䣬һҲأȻڴڵشŴ֪ΪΣ
˪ôˣˣһæס
׿ˣҲüͷһ壬ߣѯʵʲô£
ֻ֪һ˲䣬һ¶Ѿöˣзã֮ɫ˪ȴҲһɻҡҡԴ֪ν
ڸղţͻظеһ˿ΣյĸоƺʲôΣڽӽߣǺָܿоʧˣһ֡
׿ҲϾܲ̽һûʲô쳣ҲͲˡš˪Լϵ⣬ȥúõһûˣ
Ǻȫû£Ǳ˫Ժ̤˻س;֪˪εļ¶ȴңԶĺ

һ죬һּ䣬һѱǧ۵̦ǵʯţȻըѿ
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ӲһͣӰۿЩͨҲġû뵽̫ӷԸӵãȴ˴
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725 Ƶ۲ʶ

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727 Ŵ
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ħڴϣгϹһãｻ죬˶һ첱Ӵ֣ģ˲μӹ˫Щѫ볤Ϲͬ⣬ȫڴϯ
ڼ䣬ɷչ粻֮࣬˵Ŵ˴˫ľճΧˣһ㶣һֵصȵȣɷѾ˵ˡ㲻һֱ˵˫׿ܼҾӹΰôô˵׿ܼûʲô£Ӣ쵼£õ֮׵λãҶۣҲ׿ܼҰĲڴܵģ
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ҲЩŽɣɷôţƽôû֣
Ǻк̽ͷ׿Цʵ׿ܼң˵𣿡

һ㶣׿תȥȴɷһɫ˫ֺʮȻҡҡͷ׿ҲЩȫǰɷӢ쵼£õ֮׵ϯλĻ֮жȥأ

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ˣԬϻû𣿡Ȼ׿һԵĿʵ
Դǰ֮ȲȥѰԬϣֽеɻ⣬ҵ𰸣ΪǻڵĽ͡
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һʱ䣬׿ҡͷļ١ꣿֻм¿ɵȣеɻһղ⣬޷ش
ȻҲ֪ԬϿɷ𣬵뵽ֻˣ
׿˱ȭһ£׿ܼңҸȥԬϻδ
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ԶԶȥıӰףȥҪˣȫ̾һᣡ
ֻŮһ˷ܣȲ׿ȥˡǸ飬ǰƣ׿أȨС㻹ûʸԼٺٺ١
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һӺ׿䣬ֻаһβסЦ⣬ڸһö͵ĿռָʣʱЦһ·ţлѣ
һа·ȥȴ׿Ӱűվţüͷһ壬ȳ׿Ǵ˴˫Ĺ칦ףʲô
ûʲô԰
ʮֹǰ£׿ָָеĽָһȻһʥʯѣ
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Ҳ£۶׿ÿɷ񣬺ܹȥ
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ٴλصϯ£׿ͻȻ˪Ů׼һ£ϯ뿪
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а¶˵ÿһ֣μģÿһΧƵ˼Ҫ̽û֮λҰġ
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һеǸ׿ܼŵģԬϻˣ
΢΢һ׿üͷһϺ¶ϲõЦݡ
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729 㲦
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һȣ쳹۷ƬƶУ׿һźţһ߼һõ顣һ㽫ײȴһϤӰԼƾɵ
һԬתؿ׿һۣؿڣΡΡѽԭ׿ܼҰô𼱻ǵظˡ໹Ϊٸһž˼ˡҪ֪ⲻ಻ŲɹĲûãִ´˷ġ
ԬϣԬϵ߶û˵꣬׿Ǵһη۶
ЦԴԬһεŶˣ׿ܼǸɴµˣ˼ëƤС£϶Ը߶ףǰˣһھ˵׿ܼ˫˴󹦣ȫڻ죬칦ϸｻܵ
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һ㶣ԬϺ΢ŵߣȥ
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۾Ԭϸ׿һۣȴЦһôҡһ䣬߶ͷһλ߰㣬ص˵ͷ˵ɣΪ׿ܼҴɽҲϷң
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΢΢һ׿سһ£ƺЩţڻǹһҧСԬϣʡħߣԸ𣿡
һԬؿһã˵ĸ顭ʲô飬飬Ů
һһ죬׿
ʧЦҡҡͷԬȻŮ֮飬ȻˣΣգҪħڵڹֹأ
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ϲЩʧ䣬׿֪̾뵽ʲôִһ˿ϣѯʵǣ˵ûй飬飿Ҫ飬Ҫ飡
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ǺǺǡԭʧЦһԬҡҡԴݵһˣߵ˽ħ·
ԣ׿ĶʱһΪԬѾȫ˵ǵĴǷ񶨵ˡ
ǣ¶ʧı飬ͷȴֹһЦ̾λ˵Ļԣݵһ˰оǸߣ
Ƥ̲סݺݳ˳飬׿οԬЦáһŸոȴģֿʼůˡ
ԬϣܲܲҪңʵĿǺ氡
㣬ԼԼѡȻѾ˴𰸣ΪηҪң
ؿ׿һۣԬϲɵЦ׿ܼңʵ˵һ䣬Ů֮ħô
üͷһ׿ֲɫһݵԬϸ߼ҵȻԻԬСԣԹ壬һ׵ġθħУҾ͡
ˣаؿһۣԬЦ
һ׿ҧҧݺݵص˵ͷ
ʧЦһԬϳһĻһϴŮ֮ħɣȻ޾ʹ࣬ȥ÷ħ֮մ֣ٲǶ׿ܼңȴǷȰ㣬ܷſֽȥɣ
Ϊʲôһ㶣׿ԡ
ЦҡҡԴԬϵΪѳ٣ˣȫ̽գħ
Ƥ̲סһ׿´󾪣
֪ħΪһֱŲĽ𣿡ݺһ࣬Ԭ϶ؿ׿˫ۡ
һ˿ã׿ҡҡԴ
ǺǺǡʵϷҲ˽⣬Ϸ˼һЩĵáħ飬һħ治ѣǸ߶ģ

һ㶣׿شסˣ
еɻԬϼسħĽħͬʽҪﵽںϣħȴǡǡ෴ƺ쳾ɴҲ˵ǳħҪħа֣֮ǼҪأħħ˵
ħħħǳħԶѡҪģվǹ鵽ֻ֡;УǾħ׳ħԣȻ˶֣ǵħߣȴԷǴ֮ˣħĹǰûɱӡΪǼȻɣȻ죡
΢΢˵ͷ׿Ȼ
ԭΪħ˽֮ҲǽƫִħԽ˽Ǵࡣһʱ䣬׿оԼǰȻʣá
Ů֮飬ûʲôȴײ˽֮һ٣ٲ󣬺ܶħȻֲΪ飬Ϊֻ޾гħԣԶԣħ˲ŶΪͻޣ֮ΪˣԳһ㣬˱ˡǱ֮պкͣȴǲ׳١
ţԬϼҪףԵÿп࣬Ϊˣ飬ȴǹħҪļոΪ᫣һóɣ۷ܱ֮ȣ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿ȻҲ˵鲻£ֻҪûгŮ֮У
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ЦһԬָָĵ֪ħħʲôźȻѾθ飬ȥźк档ֻУҪγѣȴҪƾԼˡϷ˵Ǹ߶ģһé®Сӿ治ˡţϣ㼴УܶԼĵǰһ͵ıٸħ֮СҲǸˣջǻصˣǺǺǡ
˿׿صԴݵлԬϵ㲦֮ôˣڿԸһˣ泩˺ܶడ
ǺǺǡϷ򲻹Լ򽲳ˣδؾħͳǧ˭˵ԼһǶԵģеһУøԼߡ
ЦһԬٴ֣Ȱ׿ܼңʵ˴𰸣Ǳͳͳס˶ѣŻϷɡǣԽǽӽ֪Խ٣ʱûܸɣŵģֻԼѡƲʱЩǰĵ·δؾȷģԼ߹֪
²һݣ׿ٴ£µ׿ܽˣ
䣬׿ת뿪һƬȻĿǣڣ
ĲԬصͷֳܿε⺢ԼĵΪȴԽԽʧأ


730 
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ߣϣǺ˰ۣŮ˺㺦ĲôΪ˴󹦣ڹڹ棬ǾòģİɡҲǧᣬʱΪʦҲȲˣ
׿õѣ´󳩣ⰻȻ֮ʱǰĽŲҲ࣬ƺȻҪȲǰˣȴͻȻϤִʲô̧ȥȴݹͿʦͽˡ
²ɻ׿ƽʱù˼Ҽµģ˭أЦһȥôˣʦͽʲôأ
Ŷ׿ܼң
ǿ׿ˣæһݣݹҲ׿΢΢񣬳̾ǲʡİһСͿʼˣҲǵõǷ˺²ű۷ģߣ
һԴ׿ȴһ棬üͷһôˣ˵
³Σ̧Ƴ׿һ£һҧȻ׿ܼңҵҲ֪
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ǣǱһ˿ϣǲôҲʮָˣôʱܹħ棬̸̸ȳ
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Ҫ֪׿ҲǵݣȴĸһΪӮ˫λΣ֮
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ݹΪȻصԴݺݵصԼͽһۡ·˵ɣ׿ܼҶ
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Ȼʱ׿ȴǻһתЦҪ̳δؾͷҪ治ɡãҲҪȥˣһɣ

Ӳһͣ벻˼ؿ׿ȫסˡ룬ݹŵ׿ܼң
ǺǺǡҲ˭
Цһ׿̧죬Цħ꣬Ķ࣬ӦǸ߶˰ɡ֮ô٣Ҷ壬
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׿̧۳˿һۣȴǵ˸ɫüʧЦŸʲô߰ɡô궼ڣ϶ûжʥʯǧʯʥʯϣͲ̲Ůãһһ
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׿׿ܼңĴ£ûϵɽ͹Ƕʹˡ
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Ҫ֪ǰȫڶҲһǧʯʥʯҪάżӪڣλ׿ܼΪŮӣ͸Ըǧʯʥ󡭡
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ǰ⡭Ѿϵ̫̫á˿׿вЩ磬Ц
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۾΢΢һ϶˲һϲæ졭ȥǽ㡭


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ڴڵش˼һݣжˮ㣬㣬ǡǶ
Ƥ΢΢һ飬׿ҲΣ˵ǵôˣ
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׿ܼң˵⺢ŵġǼæȰ˵һ򵤶СѾͷ˵ʲô£һְæģ
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ʲôüͷһ׿ɫ˲ҧгݵ֪Сввȫû뵽вҲвȻҰŮϡ
׿ɱð־ηؿ׿һֲۣҳǲ֪ô׿ɱȴͬʱһЩģƺҵ˾ĸо
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ȥμ˫ᣬҲΪ޶ȵزԪܣûдﵽҪ󡣱ϾֻԵˣһʱܰʽͷųϾǺϸˣҪβˣ
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Ԫ󿿵ԪʵĴӣ֮İ﹫ϴ裬С󡭡
˵һ죬ҲȥԴ֮Ѫ֮ȫӵӣ

һ죬׿һʯǱӲ飬üͷݶҲ˵Ǹɫ߹ӣҪˣ
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ĿĨȻԪȫˣʱӺÿ£˲˸ɣʱƺţ˴
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Ƥ̲סһ׿ҧ¾ǵʱСϣħСӵħħħߣ޵ľǴ˵Կࡣħԣ㳹ױԿˣ
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죡
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ǽƺ֪һƵģǰ׼Ǻ˶Ǹǿһɢ˵а֮Լδǡ㵽ˣĴ𰸣Ҳ԰뿪ˡңԴ˻ˡ
һֱǣĵǱΪжƺǽ׼һǴ˺ⶴǺǧӰʦ֮ȻǧӰʦƱڶ⿪ǵķӡһɱųϹ赲Ҳֻҽӳֱץȥˡ
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ǧӰ㡭Ƥ΢΢һҧҧôˣ
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̲סһؿ׿һ֮ɫҲһ𣬲˼ؿȥ
ڿݾ֮һƽʱĦһ»ԣҪսɲģҲͻ˫Ժ롣
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ǣ׿һŭ𣬿ɲôࡣƺ鷳ҲǺ£ٲжǵͻһ
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һһĵؿŵȴͻһأȻűѪ죬Ʈܣ֮Ҳʧ
ʧ֮Ҳأسһֻɵĳȴ׿Ǵ֡צץ·һ̲⣬ȳѪצ
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ͫݺݵһؿ׿ӵ㡭˵Ǹ˫ϴʵĹħ׿
ǻһĻȣ׿Цһˣϧû

һ죬һֻצǺݺ䣬תۼֻһ˲䣬δһҵĺУȻûϢѪƮɢķ


732 ټ
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ڳԺڵģҲôˣǺǺǡһЦ׿׺ĳǹ磬գۼͫһһһ쳹ʣһ˵ĺȻ籡

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΢΢һЦϽǽ֮ɫҲһԵãͦͦŵǧӰ׿ܼҿɲһӣ˫ϡ
˼ǿҲ˼ҵ£ʲôϵ˵ĺһĵذ˿һǧӰЦһҡҡͷʮ궼û䣬ôϲţ
ЦԴʮѵõأغЦһ˫Ĵ۾ǧӰĿ⣬Ҹ֮ɫ
˫̲ͫסһ׿ǰҲǲɵ´󾪡ȻѾӻĵӿУ֪׿ʵôҲ뵽ǿ
Ҫ֪ǻصĸ֣׿ֻߣмʮΪء꣬ҲܿԽôĲɡ
ȻڵʵȴǣǱ޿ƥеĳǹ£ûа׿˲׿һ˻֮󣬵⻯ڵĸֶЩȻ
ƺ룬׿һЦߣҵͻվʱ۵ģҲ˵ҵȫ൱ڻص꣬οǿꡣҪңûôװɣǺǺǡ
Ƥ΢΢һ°ŭ˫ȭݺ߬
ƣƣһж뵽֮ᱻһվĳСơ
ңؼǣƵػеԷ
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أһȣಡʮƿ쳹񷡭


740 ǧ
ৣ
һӰԼʮ뽫Χ棬ǰƣʱͬһ㣬˶Ȧ棬ûһ˿϶п֮
²һǧӰŮΧһϤףɫЩءЩŵĳϹʵߡǵĻÿһ׿֣Ⱥӵϡ
ν˫ȭѵ֣ͻҲȺǣ׿ҪҲˡ
һʱ䣬Ůһǵؿ׿ֻ׿ǻ˽һмƻĵ˿Ϊ⣬ɫƽ޲
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˶ࣿһǽ֣ǣ
׿·㲻ߣ㴳
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׿ë̫ˣܺͿȥãα֪ôأ
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Ŷȷһѵ𣿡
ǺǺǡѲҲû취֮ľˣϷǾٻȥˣЦһͻȻͫһȳһϣСӣۣ
䣬˱һȣ׿ȥָӿ˲ͽ׿ĴΧ档
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䣬׿нָһâ˸ʱǳʮħڳϹһ죬ײһ
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ΧȦ׿ЩͻȻĳħڳϣȴǲûһ˿ɫ
Ϊ϶һУ
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ͫ΢΢һһ¶ʱЩǻô£ڳ˶쳣£ȴƤӵأȻˣ
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Цһ׿Ϸҫ۵âţһǽָһɹǿƶʱա
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㤵ĴУĴÿ䡣ܶ󣬶һ㶣ԣǬ컯֮£ĵϮ
ң綼ûһ㶯Ҳ
֪ҹ͵͵ϮģǽҹϮվǰģǲŽеϮ
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׿˽ûǷ׿ųʮҲûǷԶûø֡
ڣ˵Ϯ֣Ҳ֤вŴڵȻƹΪĻڴĺأ
ֻһУѰӻ⣬Ҳûʲô׼ҲΪı
ôܣ΢΢𲻿˼ؿǰǺͷܶʧɫôˣǽָôװ˶
ǧӰŮҲŵؿһУոջյһƬգʱ˿ȴȻһƬӰɵ󺣣ȥ֮ࡣ
ֱһŵȫˣ
ôܣһֻͨĴָôܷ棿
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ⶼҪˣؼ׿ǧħٻ֣ɵͨڵĻڽ硣
һ浶ǹŴս˭ûƣ˭Ҳûƣʤֻʵѡ
һսǷᱻڡǺǣһнпܣ


741 ˫צ
׹ݹЯҷˣϡѩ㣬Ǵߵˡϣʣ໯֣Ϊǵг忪һͨӣҷɻֱɱȥĿ䱦⣬Ԯ
һ׿δڣƺǰǰ㣬סָӴȨһλԪ˧㣬ָ
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ô˵Ҳ֮󣬱ƽҧҧȫڲս꣬커ھӡ

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۾΢΢һУݺҧҧת׿·һŮҧгݵͽѵÿ泹װҪ˵ˣٲ֪ˣϷ򵱳;Ϊͽ
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ȫ̲סݺݶ˶ụ́뷢裬ͽǱħСӸˣΪʦŻ㣡
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ҪײʵˣѾͷ鲻ɣ

һԴһæ㵽󡣿ʱһ׿ǴȻεصŮǰβһ˦һǳǹصײһ
һ̣һǿɢȥԱսĻɣǱǹҲ˻ȥ
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Ѿͷҷ˵ãǾСˡҪǰɱǲ̫ҷˣ׿ȻǰЦ
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У˵ĺӲ˴ţͻŹһαӣмƲƲ죬׿аĹâΣӽҪ¡һǻشҷǸǷʮ⣻ǰҷ˴ΪҵĹϵű˴ĵطߣôߺߡ
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һȣ׿һ̤ŲЯųݺȥҲзݣҧгݵسȥ
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ħڵĳϹǣһμ׿ս²һҲǱǿ𺳡
ȥ׿һսһս
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㣡ԵλǽһսɴһҪǰ
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Ƥ΢أؿŶˣǸ׿ܼҵսϣǱȥšҪĻϷ㣡
ؿһۣ˲Цһ㲻ضѣǶȫǻصĸֻ֣һӦסֱ룡
ǺǺǡ֪֮ͽǸ׿ܼҵˣôܰΪʵΪһ̸һЦ첻мƲƲ죺ҲֻЩߣŻ޴ļ⣡
üͷ΢΢һŭЦߺߺߡһ֪ߵغϼһǾ㿴ڸ˫ɷ
䣬Ƕһʱһ޸һֻǰɢıҪհ㣬ݺݵնȥ
Ǹ˫ɷ꣬Ծ֮ݣһ꣬Ҳܱջһӡ⻯صߣǶնֱ
Ŷô֮أ
һĪľ⣬Լɾʮĸն΢ǲһĻȣͫһһʮ׺ƶȻϰ
䣬˫צ

һ𳤿գ͵شܳһڵľֻצޱȵɷ͵Ǹ˫ץȥ
Ƕ˼ˣһЦ׳գַ꣬Ǳնն鲻ɡ

Ȼǰѻ˵꣬ȴһͣͫһ͹˲ûϢǵǰǵ꣬һ˲ѿɢ֮С
Ǻצ֮£Ƿĵĺڹ⣡
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⡭һܸ׿йϸģȻһ˰


742 
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Ǻһ˸ȣ˱ѸԵĶ֣ƺ׷ȥ
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ǿֱֱƽƺüͷҲ壬ת׿ȥһŵ亹
ﶼӣǻʵĲǱЩ׷ĻʮˣҪǾʧء
Ϊǵʶǿȣ˵ЩǿߣЩֻҪų²һ㣬һһ罫Ǿ
أѾΣյĹͷ
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¶оâһգ㰴Լͻһб񣡡
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ţɰǧһһ䵽ϣûϢصˤƺһУ絶ʡ
Щɻ׿Ƶսʶ⣬ϲˡЩҾְأƺֵô꣬ƺѽǵ˿
ڿ˶˵䣬ƺѪȴݺҧʣµ˼š
Ҿ֮磬廳ȵս˵ս֮Уֻһʹ壡
ֻŰ׵֮ٴȥ˿ûκμļ·ƺǰһУͽ޹ɵ죡
ЩֿһУҲǼЦǺܿ죬ȴЦˡΪˣƺͷɻÿһ˵ݣ£ȫԸ˿û˼
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һʱ䣬ΪֵǿߣҲ¶֮ɫˣûִŵˡҲˣǱ
˫֮ͫ¶ɱ⣬ǳһ䣬ֻ׼˲ɵø죬գ۱ƺǰǹȵâƺȻ̵ıǼⶼֽʹС


743 ͬĵ·
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̲ͫסݺƺֻ׼ȻٽǰҧüͷţȵˣҲҵסǣսһһ䣡
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²һݣٴһǰʮ֮ڣͷһļɵ֮ɫ
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⽫һµ˵Ǿģħھ˶Ըĵӣ
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Ǽʸϵžըѿ·һҪзɻ𲻿ɣ
ƺҧüͷһ亹ֹסΪǣǵϵʱ䲻׷ϿǵĽŲǾȫܴˡ
˵ԪעϣȻһȣһƮƮŮȻǰ̴ţʱ³һֻɫ
ͫһɣƺȥȴ˲Ǳˣȴ׿ĵӣ¶ɣǶ˵æзɻȫԪעλϣ

ʱ䣬ͬɽХ㣬ոջۼһάʶǽڵˣͬһʱ䣬ûκγɵأϾͰԪע¶ϡ
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һԣֲˣ֪ԼˣҲһ仰Ҿհĵزڣ˾ˣ˿ûκγɡ
ǲһȻĻȣ¶һܰħթĵط󣬳˽⣬ûικˣҲûκιͷһִеСԼıĿġ
Ǻܿ죬㷴ӦæЩǿԪһת֣ȫ͵ϡ
أӹâţҲֹסȼʱ㻯ǽ˵˺档
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һҵı춸Ȼ׼ǽݺײһȴǵʱһǿĻ籩
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ʦһβ£ֱһǰҶᾡ㣡
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ΪҪЩüͷһ¶ЦһƺʦΪ㣬ˣǶҰ
ƺȴ΢΢ҡҡͷ׿ҵİԼȴôñ˵ҵ˵ң׿һ齨ģûǿ߸һ·ΪҼϣǵʹǱ˻м䡣Ҫ֣֮ˣɲ硭
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˵ţ¶е¶˲Цݡ
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ʱոǱ˵ĳߣҲǻָҧгݵһȺϰĶꣿϷ򲻰ʬΣ
ι쳤ϣվСʰˣϰ
ЦһԱ˼ɣϷ֣ЩСӣӣǿɾܴˣǺǺǡ
˵ţһ֣һֻ泤Ȼգɽ͵һѹ£Ǳǰ׼׺
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㡭һƺüͷ΢壬ո֮ôк壿Ͻ뿪
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һ㶣ƺһȴʧЦҡҡͷҲһֻΨһĺˣ
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֪ôǰ˵ۣȴʦ˸ơ˵жôǿʤĻȴҲû١ڣҵȥˣϧȴӭڡ
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׿ңңһУҲǻĻȡˮ񣬵լ󹩷Ȼûһʧ


745 ǿ
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է֮£һͷƣڵʮ֣뽫ǰΧ棬ǹ˿˿Ц
ܰǵܰǺǺǡܵǾЩ׸ɡһǾƶֺˣȻЩ׸ǿɱס
һӵ߲Цһˣ¶Цݡ
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һЦȫɷ񷣬һŭһشʣǺڰ״֮У䣬צ

ڣ˵һۼҪһ磬ȴͻһ쳹أһ㶣µʱһôˣ
Ǻܿ죬ǱһУһɫצͬһ֧֧ǿĳì㣬ñϵ¸䱼ӿǿɷŲһͣʱ˵֮ϣһֲ
ۡ
һѪ쳹˵ɫرҰЩصߣǽһצײȻ飬ûϢ
˼ˣ󾪣ϸ¶˾֮ɫΪû뵽˴ΧĻÿһֻצżˣżֲ˹
ֻһɲǼ䣬ԭʮλ֣ʧ룬ⲻ˶ѡ
ǲ֪ǣǱŵȶӷ죬ҲȻ۵ȶӷˣڴڴڵشŴ̾һԸôˣȻ򵥡ͷʣ»ʮ֣ˣ
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ѩҡͷʧЦһһۣ˵˼ҳǿҲûõĶȥ
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746 ʤ

һէ𣬽֮еʣǣսս⣬һͻֵצ͵ϮȴͻͷϷһҫ۵İ׹׹°㣬Ǳƽ
ȵ¶ȣδٽȻǿڸ˲йɱ˸ɵĸонӽǰ׹ʲôҲãҺҲգͨͨΪޣʧ١һɿֲϢȻϮ˵ļ䡣
̲ͫסһ߲󺧣ٴξСģҪǶ̫
ϻǵȻ֪ؼôܶ㿪ⶫ
һ󸹷̣ȻѰ֮Ǻãȴͫһ¶ľ֮ɫ
ǶôԽԽˣ
ǶˣСû˿֮ˣ̲ͫסݺ˿ڲĵؽ磬һٽǵȹ˵ͷ״Ŀ־壡

һҺ֮أСİǹȴǵʱջޣֱۿʼһرǹ
ֻһؿˣǹУۿɼٶɢȴû˿취Ϊһ̣ҲҪˡ

֪˭һһţϣݺݵͷȴûһ˸ô˭ܱñȥ顣
ûа취Ǹȿڵˣǵһ߶꣬ݺײȥ

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龰˫ͫһ͹Ҳû˸ðķգԼ꣬ȥײֶˡ
Ǻһѹ֮ʣе꣬ûаַأȵĹâɢ޾֮䡣
һҺ쳹ߣȴеĿ־ء
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˲˴ܿйؼжʱһû
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ҡͷһֻ̾ʣһˣô죿
֮⣬ǵ׹شֿܳΪһһâؽ˳׺򸾵ڡ
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ҲеܲסˣҪ֪Ƕ˵һܵԱܵĳҲС
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˿һĻȫסˣ˾ʲôͷǿʮ䣬Էȫ
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һ·ǰ¶ʱ׿һУҲȫסˣƺͰ͵ǡ
ǺǺǡˣ׿統Ե̵ģǰָģǳΪĵһ
Цһƺؿһۣɳ̾˶֮һٺξȻ֣ҲǱƲѰɡ
΢΢һ飬¶һ૳Щ̬Ĺ
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Ҹ׿Ĺϵȥ˵һĵģǺǺǡһƺȴ΢΢һЦο
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ܿ죬˱һ̻Ի͵ĴǰֻǵŽţϷ֣䱦⣡
ǵˣǰһƺ´ϲ̧һӣеͻ䱦⣬ϵв

һȣȥħڵӣִյ£˷ܲˡ
ǣ˸ո䱦ǰ˵һâէ֣һǿľȴǶȻȫ˲Ѫɣܡ
ֻգ۹н𣬰ǧǸֽǵķɻڡ
ͬʱһ֮쳹˶ߣ˴󵨣䱦⣿


747 

һէ죬ƮƮĵϵӰȫ΢˫Ŀվţϥ䵽˵ǰ
һɹǿƣֹסشɢ֮ڣһ˵ǰһ
üͷ΢΢ƺһʵ߬ȭͷû뵽׿ħڳϹѾôĶȻûнԷȫȥﾹغ
ңɢϢǰлֶҪǿö࣬һʱ䣬ƺ˼֪ξϡ
ңңԶһߵˣȴ̲סһֺɫãǡǡ
˵ţһ̤ƺǱ߳ȥԮ¶ǰδеء
ҲƺΪʵԭֻ֪ǿ󣬲֪ǿֵزȴȻ֣˿ʵʵڵĻظ֣һͻƻ飬ﵽڻ꾳ˡ
ľ֣һ¾ͳĸ˵ЩСһĻ龳֣Ҳʮ֣ƶ
ǿУڼʱܹӦĶְ
ǺƴؼٷȥԮһǼ군ˣ
׿ԶԶһУƤһҲЩģŲնһ֣һֻ쳤ǹȴǺһ£ӿ
ûа취׿ָӴβһ˦ݺݵؽǳǹ鿪ת׿ȥȴһаؿ
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üͷ壬׿ٴؿԶĸһۣȴǲÿɷλصĸ֣ȷ鷳ǿҲͱ⻯صĸǿһˣƾܹŤתڴսս֣ƺûôװɣ
ٺٺ١Ϸǿһ㣿׿߶ǳ֪ڲŶٵ̰ɡһЦһĵָĸͷ֮۾úÿһǾǺηʥɣǺǺǡ
䣬׿Ҳǽȥȴͫһüͷ
ֻʱ˿̣Ȼɱ˫ۣ֮䣬ȴȻˡ
ͬΧһֱĴȦ㣬Ȧвͣתÿ϶ɢһֶصĹâࡢ̡סĵâ˴˽ڣȴǰŴصɶأȻںϳ˴Ŀɫʡ
󣬵һ쳹գһֻɫΧ˵ȦӲҲڲͣض·ϵľ˷һ㡣
ЩߣվţվסšɫĲһһɵس˶پƢζܵһǿҵ𵴣۵Ѫ˶Ƥһ˲ûϢ
ֻգ۹ǧֵ£ĸƺûʲô㣬˫ھתţ
̲ͫסݺƺ󾪣еϸ߿գԶĸˣǷĲ
ԴҲɵӣæһ̤ƿգԶǻɫϯ
ǺǺǡһȺСһǣƽʱЩϣܾ˰ɡǵַأͻϮڽ䱦⣬ĿĸϼһΪ߹ɲ׷Źˣ
΢΢˶һ߲Цһţͬʱ־һ䣬˵ڶˣ˵ǵǸȦӶ˸ʣ
ֻɱĿҲΧһֱתȦεȦӣȴһֻһವһײ˹ȥڲߵɫǰһתȦǹתǿȴݰ㣬űȥգۼ
ûӦô£һѪɣһšֻɫȦ˲ɨһȺ˵м䣬ǧĪбһ⣬ȦӵͷɨһȦǧԶʧȥ
ֻһأϢ֮䣬нûϢ
˿һУȫˣһֵעɫȦӣ˫̲ס
ƺҲǴؿһУȦһո˵²һľ
Ӧ˵ȻΪջƻŸæ󺰵ɢΣҷɢӿǲĸϼһĶֻ֣ܸˣ
䣬ȸɻ˸ƣ˱ɢ׷ɣ
ףԭָﰡƺźһ߲ЦһȦӱصתͷݺƺϮȥ
һƺæܣ¶Ϳսڲ࣬ǵٶǻֵĶ֣
ֻһĹȦӱȻ׷ǰǹɿֲѹһҡͷߵӣ˵ʦھΪʲôѵֻΪѵһ£òǱѵ˰
һۣƺû˵еļᶨȴ˿
ʵҲ֪׿ôԭ򣬵ǼȻ׿Ҫôˣͦף׿֮޽Ρ
ڣԵȴûаֺڣ
ৣ
ȻһϤӰƺǰƺһ㶣˲Ǳˣ¶ɣʧЦûõģǰһվǰҲҪ
û˵¶ִֵվǰǼᶨ֮ɫ
һƺû˵ʲôԵҪһɣǸ׿һͽܣǺţܻܲ
ҽпգη۶Ҳ˲վԣһǰʶһ°ɡǰʱʦû۽ܹ˶֪˭ţǾ̫ˣ
ãҼƺɴЦһƺȵ
¶΢΢һЦҲ¶ħڵӣ
ǺǺǡСһͷͦ黳ģȻд֮磬ΪСָߣ
ʱȦҲϮǰĸͷǵֹۻЦˣϷҲŹǵģ˭ǲڵأ
ৣ
ĳЦǿȦǺҵǵǰֻһܽ˳׷飡
ر˫ۣ˶˱׼
Ȼڴʱ˵һռ䲨أȻȴǺڿУһ¶ûУǿѹȸУҲشǰʧˡ
ǰȥȴؿһֻڰĴǰתţǲԶλã˫ʥͷ󺹵ؽӡн֮ɫ
ߵؾ
ûǧһ֮ʣ˫ʥüʱϵԼ꽫Χ棬ʱ㽫Ǹˡ
˵ӣʱƺ൱ʹƵġ


748 
ضϣлǡ
ƺǰһʱϲŶ˸æȭлǻ˵꣬ضʥһͷ㻹ĥʲôǴߣ
ৣ
һӰ˻ûüӦʲô£һ˫׳ֱǴһץǼȻһ̤˲佫˴
һ㶣ת׿ȥȴɡ
ϣ⡭üͷһƺлɻ󣬵ǿ쿴ǰĿʱزˡ
ͬʱҲ˳ĿǰȥȴضʥһȻһѪɫ˲ήҲǺȻ

쳹ص˻Ͽգɫľߵؾһɲǣ㰻Ȼռ䣬̻һȦַɻΧƵֻȦʧ
ȦΧɫľþòɢųǿϢϥ·ոʲôҲû㣬һƬƽ
ضʥˣȴͫݺһе¶ļɵ֮ɫ
ǺǺǡ벻ԷλӵĳߣǷ·ǵһμɣǺúģ
һλһЦûۣȴΪ̾ϧΪ㣬Χס֮ǰ̫󣬱һЩơĻ˵ҪһЩˣ
΢΢˵ͷһλ߱ʾͬĳȷ֮תߵأԱ֮ʩѰ뾳ȷ֣֮԰ΡҲԣûǿĹֶΣֻˮ֮ջ·̵Ļᣡ
Ҳȫ΢΢Դͷ㣬ƺ˿ûضʥƵģ˵
˵ĻϷȤۿǺģ
ߣĸͷôĿô˵˵ǻһˣǰɣ
Ȼʱһŭ߳ȣȴǶȻ˵ĻţһΪĿİ׹Ȼ˺ݺ˹ȥôĸϹйΣ
ݣ
·Ǿ֮µһ֧ܹڻһеȸ£ݺݵĸͷķ
䣡
һ죬ɢĿĹâλãΪһŰɫĹ򣬶ǹΧеһУյ÷Ť
׺ѩؿǰľе֮ɫûеΪ֪˵ʵʹҲܽǳ״ܡǵǰɫĹâɢ¶˵ľʱ˼׼̲סһе⡭ôܣ
ֻʱ˿̣ڵػתţ˫Ŀɱպϣ棬ǻһ˿ЦݡƺԳ׺˸ոյһУ˿ΪƵġ
ɫľǰûһ˿ʧһ˫޴ͫôϣһ
Ƥ̲ס˶׺˱˴˶һۣ²һɫǰδе
ȻոڳǰȻˣǼˣҲƴȫһǼˣȻûöԷܵ˿˺˵ѹûҡԷһơ
ĸͷƺǲСɫһ㣬˿ǵעӣ
һʱ䣬˻࿴˿һĶ˹ȵסĸͷʵ̫˸ܶԸ˵Ĵڡ
׿ңңţüͷҲ૳ꣿ
û꣡΢΢һ֣ЦոϷ˵㣬֪ݸڵĵ̣ħڵĴ󹩷ɣ
üͷһ׿ؿһۣͷûǸ
ǺǺǡǺãϷ͸㣬ڣͬΪڣÿſҲء
һЦȻһǻڵĴ
ʲôһѵǡ
Ȼ׿δ˵µĺǧӰȴһгŵ૵һֱΪֻǸ˵벻д£λĴڣ
һԿò⣬ɵʦ㣬㾿˵ʲôô֪Щ
ǳȻ֪ˣҡҡͷǧӰЦһһЩ˶λŵĴ󹩷ƽλϣħλײβĴ󹩷ġ˸Ǵ󹩷һֻȴӰʱ䳤ˣǱѵˣû뵽
˵ǧӰңң֮к¶һ˿֮ɫ̾˳ֵĻħȫ֧ǣλ󹩷ҲûӮϣˣ
ǺǺǡڵˣ֪ʲôʱư
ɴЦһһڣһһ콣ڡ֮Уľ϶ڣΨǵĴ󹩷ħڡȻʵ˵֮ףһεֵùأ뵱꣬ʿϴսϣܶ飬ԽҲ˿壡
۾΢΢һ£׿ϹžȻˣλǲصýʵڲó
ߺߣλչأӽͻڻ꾳˴š˴Ƕɧңλɽأ
Цһؿ׿ȵ׿͸һ˴ɣ
Ҳһ˷ܣ׿ħСǿڣ֪ŵ˰ɣ
⸸Ӷһһ͵ӣ׿һӵԴûأǲֹ̫һ㣿
׿΢΢ͷȻǿҲܵĽȫǷƨ

һȴڸղţƺ˺ҵĻǿҲ׷׸˲ʮˣŰΧ
ǣӡһᣬ˲תȦһ͵ľȦִܻܳȥ
ÿһֻǺݺײΧĶ֣ǰžžǿĵ꣬ټ籩ĳʱһڻǿ߳ʲôеζ
ӽȦӵʸûУһѪգ֮䣬ҰأȻȥһ롣
龰˶ˣħڵĳϹǣ֪뱾ڴ󹩷ȴһʱû˷֮
󹩷κβ˵ǿߣȥ
ˣǴһʼĵԣ˲߰ǵĿɽˡ
벻ĸ֣ȻǴ˵ʵڵġ꣬ɴҪζԸ
ǧӰһҡͷ̾ϢЦſԵĿǵǣദֻгϦʱˣ
ͫһȴǽץ֣ǼᶨصڣϦ㣡
΢΢һ̣ǧӰҸص˵ͷ
˼ˣοȴЩ˸СοȻΪô겻ĸ飬˸ȴǶϾҪܵƶ
ħһܣҲǳϦദҪֿ֮ӭӶ˵ģ
˿һĻЦÿɷ
׿ȴоһγһ°붯Ƶģû취Է̫Ƿˡ


749 
䣡
һը죬İ쳹񷡣һֻϣɫƽȻתȦвͣشܳ꣬ȴ籩ϯһС
ҵЩǿߣը£ûһ˿һĿ϶ӽˣЩ͵һײ󣬷׷Ѷֻգ֮䣬ʣµʮҲȫû
̲ͫסݺڳ˶¾ѣգһ˫ȭҲ̲ס΢΢Ĳ

Ȼһը죬һɫ궸Ȼ´󺧣첻ҵæ˫һӣһɷĺҲȻڱӿϣǰֱֱײ˹ȥ
צ
һɫצӰƾץȥÿһצǷ쳣·ܽץƵġǣƾȴ˿Ϊ⣬ɺͣ͵ǰ

ըѣǶһ̲סȥҲ֪ʵǻǾըУһڶ
һ̣۵һ죬̲ס³һ죬û̱ȥɫ꣬Ҳأʧˡ
ϣƤ̲סƺһг
žણ
ڴʱһӰ˲ǰǿҪӷסȥ˲Ǳˣȴǳ׺ɡ
ؿһۣ˿ɫɷ׵ӣ׺Ƥ΢һ̫ţǳͷոһѾѣĸϼһﲻܶԸ˵ģϽ뿪Ӳ
û⣬ͷӣ
ৣ
һɫٻӰѩһ֮ɫҲ˲˳׺ߣаɫһչ֫˵Ѹ룺ضϣڻǣ
̲סһ飬ضϱ˴˶һۣȴοЦ
ǿ֣赲ˣΪ˼ȫҲֻӲͷƤˣ
ߵؾ䣬
ͫһȳӡᶯʱ䣬ˢ쳹˶ǰطɳһһĳֻ滹ԲһһϢ
ֻգ۵ĹΧϵȦȦȻݺݵһֻȦӻҪƶȴֻſ죬߶ֺ
ף˼ˣüͷ΢΢һһһɫ
ص˵ͷһ߽ŵͨءȥǺưǵСˣСֻʣһĴСʵȴǰˡΪͨأǵܴһֱɣˡû뵽˾䣬Ҳˣ
ߺߺߣǶվʱڲ򣬿סһֻĹһЦضʥ΢΢ͷ뵽꽫֮ͨסĳ棬뻯龳иǳ뻯ǾͲţĸϹбֻﻹѲѵ
˵ţʥԶϳߵĳ׺˸ߺȵǴͷͼȫطˣｻˡǱ֤ڴսǰĸͷԲܴƶֺ
ãǵǿضʥؼʱʵ̫ɿˣ׺ңңһĴָЦ޵
ƺĸͷڱסҲ¶ȻЦݡ
֪ضʥʹࡣ
֮ǿȫ֮У󣬳ܷ̯ܵ棬㲻ܵǿҳ
ڣǽСϸɢǿʱǵܵĪѹȻأѹת˺ܶࡣ
ǣʣǲǿȫÿһţϸܵĺˮɽҧȥϣҲҪš
Ϊ֪ﵲĸ֣ǵļܿԴʱ˿̣Լĸͷˡ
Ȼȴǲ֪һЩħڳϹ϶סˣɴ޵Щ治򵥣ȻһеסˣУ龳߹ܹɣ
ǰǰЩߵʵôôǿ治׿ܼҽİ֣׿ܼһ̬
ľУղΪβʹôˣ
ѽѽѵֻΪһװƣ
̾󣬱ǲɺԣضʥƤһ飬˫ɽӡȴ°ŭƴ˭ʹ
й󣬹Ǽû˻ȥҲӭսΪ˾ȼٶˣǶʹ
˲һУƺͳ׺ԼˣҲһ㡣ֻ׿ƺ˵ߣ°ͷһֻǻ˽ָϡ
վöˡ
׿òΪƾǶ˾סڵϰɣ̫ˣ
ǣ׿֣һ֮ת׿ȥȴһԵõشţһָλãȳͺúÿһʲôǾ
תۿȥȴɾţû˫һ΢̣ЦǺǺǡ֪СĪҪΡȻпȡ֮ﲻϷ˿۵ĵز
䣬ӡһ䣬㶸ȻӿζٶȣͬʱһɫĲƲ𵴣ֱˢϵ춯Ŷ졣
ʥˣüͷͶæӡгûõģۣ
ǻ˼˵ȥȴȻһͣͫһ³һѪһ׹̱ȥ
䣡
ͬʱһ챬ɫĲƵʱգ˫ҲѸٱѣɢ֮䡣
ǺǺǡ˵ǵ꣬ͳԵǶ˽ǵأȻʹǿʵĵǱ壬л£ܳŶأ
ɾգһߺ΢Ц⵹ΪǵֻΪǣñ˶ѣ
ضʥ䵽ϣ˿˫Ŀſˣȴزʡ
ûһۣһߵǶ˸ոشѶˣܲˡȥЩұĴϡ˰ɣ
΢΢˵ͷһͬ
ţ˵ǸȦٴݵһϮȥʱϮڻֵս
һ£Ⱥһ㣬˵ľǵطһȺȺħڵĸֵ𡣾־ڶ
ڳϹȴһ˷ܣλڹսȦŤתǬħһʼӪľ˲û˲˵˼ľС
һʱ䣬ħ˵ϣ¶˾ûڡ


750 

һҽڶ

һ쳹
죬һϲҳĸʽսȦħ˵ߣȴȫȸԾ
ֻ֮ˣħʮ䣬ʿһеĸѾδսӵĵزһ㻯ֶսҲûŵܣս
ȥܾѶ
׿ô죬ȥ䶨ˣ취糷ɣɷһ𼱻ǵӣ嵽׿ǰԼľǶսѾڽڰˣٳŲ˶ˣ
ʱ׹ҲͷˮҲһ֮ݲҲսȥˣ
׿ܼңмͨҪǺΧˣǻǰһͻΧɣȻˣݹصشмڷȰ
۾΢΢һУ׿ÿɷ񣺡мͻΧҲûãⰵɳ²֮ƣȻƿ˶Էػ磬Ҳ֮ˣֻƸһսӮû·
ǰͻΧΣƲڽ磬ǻǻᱻΧû˿·ԣ׿ĻݹҲǰ̾һҡͷ
ݺݵգգ۾ɷԼѹȻһصؿ׿ǽȥô죬ѵҪƴһһ䣿
Ȼãоâһ׿̧һԶ
һҲ˲˼ͬؿ԰ֻҪͷץסڲͷ
ЩħͷǳĿ⣬ȻǵĴ㣬Цһһ̤Ǻ˻ȥˣҪϷ򵱵ƣûôף
ٺٺ١ݲףԹ֪ˣһЦɷǻһаĻȣֵǣһϣϼһܻܲųȥͿһˣ

һ⻹һ·붮ˣȫ͵һ̤׷гĿֱͬһåڿһλŮ
²һݣҲ̲סһɫ˲û뵽ؼʱ̣ʸ֮ġ˶ƣؾͱΧˡ
ڸֿԼȻΪħͷĿ꣬Ҳ׷ǰԮ
Ǻսٴη˾޴ı䣬ǶϱΧһȦսΪģۼ
·λģ˶Ҫһ
ͷԹǵ⵲ƣǳȥɣһЦħʮǰ׿⣬ʮ궡㵱ȥ
̲ͫסһݺ˿ĭͷǲϸܵĺˮصΪҲסôΧ
ǣλڼ԰ʱһȴأȻ쳹˵Ķߡ
ţһȦ˵Ŀ⣬ǵصľ޴ӿȵײˡֻһĹ򣬵ʮ˲ֱ
ǰϤֲֿɫȦӣһΧȦӲתȦаš
̲ͫסݺһħ˲ʧɫеϣô͵ˣ
˵ţħۼ׿ԣһɵؿǰĸ֣ҲȫΧ涼ǵЦݣһмؿȥ
أ˫ٻսμչ˶šֻڶԣħȴǳ˾塢ɵη
ֻԷĸϹ赲
׿ϷѾмսˡλڹڴˣǰܾѶ붯Ϸ򣿺ߺߺߣȹλĹذɣ
һЦһȻؿ׿ȳ˵ĿˣܲٻٳûһأҲȵ׿ħСʦã硣һӰʬΣɽιǻ
ݺҧҧħȫһŭΣǽϣĿת׿нѯ֮ɫ
ô죬׿ܼң
û취ˣǱôģɱڣҪˣЦһ׿оâһ΢΢תһ½ָ
һɷϱ㷴Ӧһ׿Ҫ𣿡
ʲôϣǧӰһ㶣ȴüͷ壬صλʵǿôǶ֣
ǣ˻ճȴǰڰ֣ΪȻЦǧӰ㲻˽׿ܼң׿ܼҿǻоѧġû˫׿ܼһ\ʲôﶼҪϼȥˡ
ȿȿȡ
ǵĴδ׿ȴȻɿһ֮ɫ
˵ʵĸͷǰ취ҲûеġǺɫ׵ȷӵܹµܡ
˫ȴҲʹˣΪǺ۱Ҫںϣ׽ڷ
ȴûף˫ϵĽףҲֻ͵Ҷ۵һ˰ˣԼġ
ԣûǿֶΣҲûԸǿ֣
һó˫Ժ͵ʥãһͱ¶ô˲򲻵ѣǲԸ¶Լ޴鷳ֶεģ
ǵĻȴ˵עĿ˶һؿ׿óʲôͨ쳹صƵֶΣǶĸ֣ҲˣЦŶ˵ͷ߰ɣй֮ˡϷҲ뿴Сʲô࿹ϣһ°ɣǺǺǡ
ǰ׿־սһλʵɣ˵ͷһͷҲһʲô𣿹ûҲ޾صЦ
΢΢һ飬׿˲ͬɫĿ⣬бģаĽȴǲһ̾ʧЦһҪλʧˣԼ֣
ԣħ˲һʧ䣬̾ҡҡͷô׿ܼҲû취
ǣ¶֮ɫ׿ȴǻһתֵһҪģⶼǱҳģڣ
˵ţ׿Ŀһһ˦һأȻһ֣ţһСĺͯȻǰȴǲͯͨɣ

ش˸ǷͨȻζؿ׿һۣϵôôòŷҳҶҪ˯ˣ
ǺǺǡⲻͷôǵƣ¶棿ܵùؼʱ԰ɣһ֣׿ǺСӵӣЦݡ
ͨ΢΢˵ͷȻɡ
ڳ˿һУȴأȻˣɷ׿ʶ֮ˣһؿʲô㲻˵ôӷųˣ
԰ҵư
Ȼص˵ͷ׿һ潾شΪһףҵĶӾһơģˣĸ֣ǶˣҪӣȹҶأ
׿쳹˶ߣͨͦͦţҲһܹΪϵڷ絲꣬ΪأСһһҡ
仰ȴǳ״סˣֹڵˣħҲһãؿӣڶѲΣ밵һޣ


751 С
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ǻһĻȣһЦÿɷˣҲȫЦЦ׿ħû֡
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·ֻص˵꣬ǵƬһ㣬Բֻжˡ


757 ɱ
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ݹԭΪԿ֮Ůڣ磬õôսƷٿ׿ϣϲ֮£Ҳںˡ
ң׿ܼҶܰŵŮڣͽΪβɣҲƾڴݵĹͣͲƽأ
ڹһж
һȺ֮ʦٹ׿ûнɢ˼ǼħڷȥҲȫڳ
ֻص˵ǸϵϿУ˪Ů顢ݳȼ׿ŵӵı£ڽصȴš
Ȼع飬ŮŲһϲгǿǵҲȻȳˣ˸͵ȥһ
ҲǵȻ΢ЦŮ̸
ǣʱɳʤϲʱ׿ȴͻɫһ࣬ȳţװսûأ
һ㶣˽ǲԵؿ׿һԻʲôսû꣬ڲѱ
ȣһ˴ҡеɻ׿ͻɫһ࣬ǰ˴ιռڣԼ˽ĿģǾȳҵӣ˴ζлҶ
˱˱ȭ׿͸ֿ
˴ضΣȴǺرЦ׿ܼң翴ˣʲô˵ģ
ǣĹѫսһŮ˻ȥ˵ʲôģνذ˰֣׹ҲǳȻЦ
ʧЦҡҡͷ׿ɨһۣҪλ˵һ£˴֮սа²֪飬Ҽٴʥּˣ

ʱ䣬һͣȫסˣһŵؿ׿н֮ɫ
ٴּ⣬ȻǴˣȻȫڸֵһţֱˡ
аµƢǶ˽ú¾װݡһʱ䣬˵Ӷɵò
龰׿۾һУ˵һڳ˸ĪĻ·һذը㣬Դը
ԣǽҪıǣħڣȨλ


759 ű
˻
ݺݵһ仰ɵˡ
Ҫ췴ڴһź󣬾ϻشԼšеħڸ֣ζû뵽˴γںٻȥȻͽ
ħߣŵҳ϶ȻеģһʱԽܡ
˵ˣǺǧӰˣ׿˴󵨵ĺȺҲǲɵôסˡţС鲽ǰɵ㶵صϸʦãԼžȻ˵ͷһƱϹһ𷴣ڣɵһŪڹ֮ɣ
ʦ㣬׿׷֮ˣԱˣҡҡͷǳ̾
ǧӰҲȻͷҲǣٴ֮ⷢڴսԽ֮ˡ㲻Ҳħ׷ɱˡֻ˶ȴ˶㷴˹ϵģǸ֪ԼʲôˡҼҿǣıӵƶô
Цһǵصͷ׿ͦεӰӣнŨŨİ⣡
ǵķضӢۺӢܷáںִдûʧܵ
ɨڳ˵һۣǳֹӣ׿ȻڣʵܺƽҲԸ治֮¡Ҳ֪Ҫ뿪ħڵˣҲϧ˭ҪӵҲǲܵģĵߣ˰ɣ
˴˶һۣתû˵ȴǲ֪ʲô
֪룬һ˶ܶѣ
·Ѳµǵͼ׿ɫƽȻ취Ӳûпǹ˴һУһ˶еҲӦһ´˵Ҳںˡǣ룬аµƢԣĻŹ𣿡
Ӳһ׿ԣһŸողϣݣɵֳȥ
ؿڳˣ׿ȳඥѰɣͶȡɣǲʵʵƽ֮ˡаµĲбѪȫڽ֪Щûͽ壬չŴսĳϹǶȨƵսжСǱ
ǣⲻ㡭
ǣҼٴּ⣡
վųųָ׿ȴǱ׿ϣҪףΣΪųϹûһҳأߺߺߡƣаѾʧȥΡȻһʱôˣħһʥʯ꣬иĳϹͳͳ滻
Ҳˣ۷ĳϹҵıǣӶӲˡаΪǷߣ˭ܲˣ类ħźʯǵ¡ô꣬յȨƣȫ˳ȥԼûк³˽Ǹ𣿡
͵һ˶׿ǿĺȣ¶һ󲻸ߺޣ
ʱ׹ͻȻվ˫һӣȵ˵׿ܼ˵еȻο׿ܼҰǿˣ˭Ҳˣ۷úôʱҲ׿ܼҵĹͣǺ׿ܼһϵƣҲܲ
˴ǻڣƽϵĻʲô˵ҲԸڣԼ˵ĴսҪͰ׿ܼҵĻ˵ĵ÷ˡұˣ׿ܼǵͷ죬ɢ׿ܼһôҪŪκһˣСһҲ޷ˣ۷йϣı׿ܼſɣ
׹˵
أݹҲվ˳λǧ֮ƣΪǴ˿оƵġ˴ڴս˵ʵĿã׿ܼСӵʵҲ˵ʱ˿̣ӵǿսܵǸ𸴣ҹ£ǾͱĳˡѶϣ֮ʣֻڷĲֶ̺ΣҿĿõģ
²һݣ˽ɫһ࣬΢΢˵ͷս⡣
ݹһ˵ǻǷ֣ԭǵսôǿҪԼҲСһ
壬һߣаٸƵĻǾĳϵ⣬׸ˣ
ԣҲԥʱˣ
˵ı飬Ȼüݹת׿׿һֿۣˣЦң׿ܼǰһսظλҲˣǲ°Ϸãûавڣ׿ܼħҲǸѡ񰡣ǺǺǡ
μ׿ħ˵Ҳתúܿ죬֪Ҫ췴ˣǰΰͺ۹սУ췴ǰǰƵһ˳ô
üͷһ׿Ƴݹһۣ˻ӣ΢΢ͷ׿ЦһҲˣһ˦ֱôװħڣ󣡡
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һȭеս⣬ǱȽʱҪǿҵöࡣϾսΪսǾ䣡
ɷ˼ˣȴһͷ̾ѽ°ƽʱƽʱ˿ںˣ˼һת۾췴ˣѾĴء治֪ôźã
ҡҡͷɷæӰüͷţ˼Ž֮
׿а¶в׵Ľ飬˸Ҫ˭أ
ȴǳű䣬ۼ޵¹𡭡
һ棬ħڵĽ紦˵һ죬ű򿪣а洺˽л֪Ѿҡҡ׹ˡ
ˣ
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ͯӣһܣͨһϲѶаҲ־ǰţһ㼲ģȻ˲ƨúأ
ûȴüͷһ¶˺֮ɫҿֵףôô壬·֮

ʱһʯŲһٵųϹǣ˹аº󣬸æһݣڣϷЯڳϹӭӳˣˡǺǺǡ
üͷһа·ۿһۣɻô£ֻǼأϡȫڵӣĶȥˣ
׿ܼҴ뿪ڻûأ
һ㶣ʯװ
ͫһɣаһ󾪣׿ôֻˣУʲôʱųϹڵģ
ףⲻ𣿿ư
װ㶣ʯḧź룬૵ʹ˰׿ܼ˵Ҫȫڸ֣µӣϵȫߡϷ֣ϹƣҲ֪۷һڣϰͰ͵ظˡһ£֪ȥˡòǶ˰ɣ
˵ţʯбƳƳаµɫȴֻɫ˫ȭݺ߬¶ɱ⣬Цһ
ֻͻڵҪ˺ĵز˰ǺǺǡ


760 һ
ݣ
һƿħڽ֮⣬һƬƬѹѹȺ£ȥȴ׿ɡ
Ѿı֮⣬˵бûųǳļᶨɱ⣡
ңңһϤĽڣ׿һ̣Ц
а£ӿɲôԹԵӵħӲϡȻҪ˺ˣӾΪǿҲ˳ֽˡ
ϾɹϵӸǵа
۾һУ׿ת׿ƺƺСţսĻ˴򿪽ǽȥģ
ǣ׿磡ݺһȭƺ
СҲ΢һͷһĴָظİɣϵСڴ˴κҪСӰƽ
СӣﲻڣԺɻҪأ飬ܲ־;ˣǺǺǡ˲ͷ亹ݹСӣοЦ
˼ˣҲЦ
ȻСǿǿգҲ޾ĵֻҪСڣǴսӮû
ڴ˵еǸ󹩷ֶûκãϾλСү϶ɱﰡ
̧һۣ׿ɤӣȵˣ߰ɣ¸ûˣߣ
˵ţ׿̧ǰȥߣ˵ǽһƱɷԼϮȥ
ȴշҹѷ˵һ죬Žɴ򿪣ûаã⻢֮ʦƺƵ˽ȥ
ৣ
ȻĵӰһһ뿴ȥȴħĹӰˡ
ģԼˣǶŵĶ
˰֣׿˷ȻĹǼСа𣿡
˵ͷɷæһȭ׿ܼңһǰѻڡֻ˵֮ˣһŭʮӱǨŭͿرˣ
ǺǺǡȻˣҪ̯ˣ
Цһ׿˻֣ǰȥһһʣʯʲôſһЩԱ߸ֳ֡
׿ܼңʯǳ˰ŪǷ⣬ûʲôħĹҲһ߸׿ߣһһ㱨
˼ˣ²һݣ̾ԭ׿ܼ׼ˣǰߣж
δ֮ǰȻ˷ħڵ׼˼ԶǳħƱаﻹҪǿöడ
һǴ˴ηȻصѡһλҲԵħ˰ɡ
˴˶һۣ׹ݹ˽΢΢ͷ¸ԼİõĽڣ
ܿ죬׿һ˵ǰƺƵǹǿѹͬưֵǰõеаҲɵüͷһ壬Щơ˫ͫһһ̤˴
ʲôˣųǿҵƣ췴𣿡
৵һаſڣǺƺƵһȺˣɴгֿͷλ׿ʱͫһҧгݣ׿Ȼһ
üͷһ׿ÿɷЦôңħڵӣħҵļңôܻ
ߣһ޳ܱ֮ͽ
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һ£˿Σ׿ȴǿ°ЦѣȻˣԭʯô죬ȵþһ̰
ת֮ߣ˻˽⣬׿ܹ
ͨתѱˣ˱ѣͨһСϸڵı仯תתףױ֮ߣ
ǰʯѿ棬а´ţûа취а½Լţ֣ºһһͣʯڵʣ
ʱʯȻ˳ȴԭ֮䣬ìܡ
˵׿һʼа°ģΪľѹšڣ˳ˣаȴǺȻ֣׿ѾвǶ˱ᣬת
ʱʯٳһͷһͷνѴ֮öԷ߽⣬ߵıֶΡ
ףԱ˴˵в̲סҪһҲ㲻ˣʯһɽۻ֮㡣
ʯһһУ׿ͬóһȨıֶΡа¾ìܳͻһ˷ȥعı̬ȣɾ裬СӳߵģҲôż
һ׿д⣬һȴΪʵһԱֶΰˡ
Ǻ֪ǳ£׿ĬĬˡǺ㲻ѣһˣܵ
ȻѾλߵļɻ䣬ԽְȨôһף׼ˡ
ϾһʮᣬʵǿʱһȨıƶֵһᡣ⣬Ҳʯ©֮ʱ׿֮ħ滹ҺСԮ̫ǿ
ʯа֣Ҳκˣ
һ㣬òƻûǺаһ˦䣬һʢģȳˣҰ׿£
һľ
аµĻþô˶УȴǷ·û㣬ţûһжġеĸǷ˷۶мƲƲ죬˿Ϊ⣡
üͷ΢΢һ壬аؿЩˣһǸʲôûڵĻ𣿡
ǺǺǡϢŭЩ۷ĳϹ׿ܼ׽㶯ְɣôϷ˶֣ЧͰɡ
ЦһϡͿʯ˻۷һ֣˸׿ۣͬѾֵаˡ
ôҲû뵽ǣһֺڵģڶˣ۷Щֻﷴˣ׿һˡ
ֻѣĵӡ
˻֣ʯˣΪ׿ٴ
ǣ
λ߹һȭаЦһ׿ȥʯҲؿһĻ¶аЦݡ
һɾͽа֣֮׿ұִۣ۷Ե϶
ǣǶ˻û׿һɹɴɱӿƣȴǶ׿󷢳ֱֱǶգöֹסһͣЩ
ڸ룬־ʯҲǺһһ̲ס˼ؿȥһᵽɤ۶
Ϊǣ׿ˣ־ɳǵ񣬻һɱ
Īǡ˸׿һҪˡ
ͫ΢΢һʯƺʶԣͷ亹


761 Ԭϵ
ˣ̫ССˣ
˫̲ͫסغݺݲ˲ʯɫسһҲڷͨͨǰ˱Ŀ⣬ɵ̧ӣ˲ͷϵĺˮ
а֣֮س׿ٶ۷һѹơû뵽ǣ׿¾˺ϣ˵ͷ
ңɹô೤Ϲһ췴һа֮ȫ˸ռӣ˿ûˣ
ڸаվһߣһûУΣվأΪԷĿꡣȴǵԭеļƻ󣬵òʧ
׿Ŀ찡
۾΢΢һУʯݺҧҧһ󰵺ޣΪû綯֣СóװǻƣҪȫǰͽ¡
һȻûغ۷һϼһĲƴڻ£β벻ΪǿĻᡣ
ڲһˣСϲѴͨһбǿ֮£ҪȴˡңԼȴзַӱΣգ
һˣʯͷ亹࣬ǲʡļƻδʵʩ̥Уôʱ䣬ͷȴΪ˼£ʵڲİ
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һת׿ȥȴɷĵسȺص˫ǰһЦؿа£
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üͷ΢΢һ壬ΪԼȨƱԽŭͷԵа£һֻ׿лû嵱ǰƣŭ
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ʲôüͷһаɻ
ٺһЦɷ̧̧ԴЦʲôֵǣ㱨һǵս˼Ҳúÿһ£
û˵˶ؿɷǶԴЦӰȴĬ
ɷⷬԴǣڳͷʢа⣬ƴ˶Ȼ˶ߣڴԲ˫ս
ɷ˸㱨սҲҪסаͷ㲻λҲ㣬ҽԴϲã
췴Ȼ˵ɾͲˣɢҲ˵˲ɡ
ԣһʱ䣬˵Ŀȫˢˢؿ׿ָʾ˶׿̬ȣаµȴŭգ޲ýǰСʬˡ
Уħڵӣа
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һУɶ׿հ
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΢΢ֿ̧ɷǿĿ⣬׿̾аһλԺ͡
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׿˵ɷϲ⣬һмؿ׿һۣ׹Ҳǽض׿ãȻ΢΢ͷȴǴĮаµ׿ܼҴ˴δǺɨڣս񣬹ѫʵħڴǧ겻߲֮ȷǰ޹ˡ
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ԣɷһæйâһ߽ף£𼤶˵εսƷǿǰŵıﶼ˰ʤ

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аµ˶߻죬ɷؿһۣγ̾ҧأԴ
ɷ͹ɷһУҲ̾Ϣૣа£֪ɷһвΪ׿飬Ϊ㰡
׿жôͿأȻǻ裬һ㲻
ʯˣҲҡͷ̾ϢаѾױŭԴʧȥжȻѾ
ǰ֮ŪϹڹ֮УƽĹϵڣѾûٲڲˡ
ʱ˿̣վһֻȡ
ḧŪź룬ʯѾų˺·
ƳǱаһۣ׿ȥǿһԵİ׹Ц׹治Ͱֻȥ̼֮ǰľƶʡˣ
ǺǺǡ׿ܼûлͷһҪҪףûа;ϵĵϺͳңȥˣϼһаˣǰǶ𣿡
Цһ׹׿˰ݵҵȶΪ׿ܼұаµʣڵǧ׿ܼҾͱƴˣ
ؿһۣ׿΢΢ͷжһɫãǾͶְɣ
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ʱ˿̣ƺŸողĵ˲ֻ׿һЩѱĵĳϹǡ
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۾һУʯȻǷ֮أΪϲߣ
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ֻаһ˾ȴЩµ۷߲ǣݺ£
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Ȼ˶Ҫ֮ʣһɫĹâȴǶȻС˲һ󾪳򣬿ϣ
ͬʱһϵĴҲ˶𣺡Ϸס֣
Ӳһͣ˶һ㶣ת׿ȥȴһɣӰһһ֮ɫ
Ԭϣüͷһ׿૳
ʯؿüͷ΢΢ɵʲôˣƽʱû
ʯ۷һ£׿ƨɺ˵ͷٻûʲô˵ģʱһųϴյǰм
Ȼųһ˲Ԭǰֺۣŵʲôʱˣ
ǺǺǡŵϷǲʣùܱܵŵĨ͡˵գҪΪ𣬸֮ڣٲ֮ء໹꣬ͲòˣһЦԬ
ղ΢΢һ죬ϼԬϵǵ˼ɸ߳ŭЩŸ߲֮£ֲָֻţӹ
˵ţ˱̧һƣݺݵԬȥ
һƣǻֵɹǰԬ͹Ǿߵϣǻɢ³
ֻǶ͹ǾĻ


762 󹩷

ǿ͵ֱֱѹԬǿµݣҷ紵ķҲӭ衣ȴɾվһУޱϲΪƽ·ƵĲһλǿĻ֣һƵġ
ʯ۾Уؿ
ԬԻӣʯȻͷĲиȡֻ֣ʲôʱһ
׿ҲǽضһУȴǿȻûҪֵ˼ףԬϲһˣҲħڵ
ڣҪɵħ߸һУҪԬصġʱ䳨촰ҲãҪһ졭
ߺߣۣûʵ͸ر֣£
ӿһԬǰϲЦһڿϴθҪ۵Ϸһģ۷ѹϷ򡣹ƵĶǸȵģϷǰˣᣬڿ˭㣬
ԣȻԭλϸԬϱйᣬѹó֮ʱܹȥҪɱԬˡ
ǰ۷ƲҶ֣Ÿ߲㿴λˣСӲŵ֣һйͷ֮
ԬƽʱأȫΪ׿Ĺϵ۷߲׿ûг֣˾͸ùˡ
ǿһ㣬λϲŸţǡ
΢΢һ£ԬϲÿɷЦЦĳһرְң˼˫ìܣȴԼպȨرֵķ𣿺ǺǺǡ˰ˣĳϣħлûеĺã
䣬ԬʧЦһȴͫһɣ

ը죬ɽӡûӦʲôһȻ֮£˲䱻˳ȥδأȻͫһգûϢ
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ʱϲûκ˺ۣڶûһطһ˿ѪҲ˵ûܵκˣôˣ
ܹģֻһַ

̲ͫסݺʯһؿԬ֮ɫսս㡭㾿Ǻηʥ
˻
˼ˣҲ̲סһԬϵķĪ
ȷǻ龳еͨ˲Ԫõ˵𣡲ֻͨжԻ龳µ߲ɱ
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ڣһųϣ֣ôڴ֮ͥ£һɵˣ˻û¶̬˵ж󰡣
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׿Ҳ̲סƤ΢΢˲˿˿亹
ݹ׼һ£˰СӷŽ֪Ԭϳֻվһߣ׿³ǾСӽ׵һЩ
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һȫһ㶣ؿ׿һ̾δԴ˵еŵһ֣Ȼ˰Եǣ۰
Ҳȫף׿֮ţƣԴ󹩷˵飬ȫΪһĶӡ
Сһ֣󹩷ס
˶Դ󹩷ȻݣûеäĿزʵǿжϻǺġ
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죬Ϸ£Ҳֲ
Ȼ䣬ԬȴбƳһۣȵʯЩҲ˲¶ˣúúðһˣ

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϶췴ֲңìͷ϶Ϸʲô
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ȻΪ󹩷ǵǸ̸۵Ԭϣûиı䣡
ˣú̸̸ɣûнⲻĸҲûн˵飬òʲô¶ɱɱħڿûпŮˣɣ
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ڿһֶûˣʯʧƣʮֹϵҪȥΨһϣǴ󹩷Ԭϰˡ
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׿ˣЦһ޵ãҵŮˣˣüǾȥ󹩷վһߣҶǰ浲ţ
΢΢ͷǻҸЦݡ
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ǺǺǡԭǳǰЦһԬâش˳Ǽصͷ׿УˡСӣϷĻһ㵱У

һͣ׿ʧЦҡͷԬϣ漸ٸ֣Ƕţܲ㣿
ǺǺǡҲ֪սһʱʱͿ̿鰡㻹һƱ췴üͷһƣԬϲЦ
νʼ磬׿ÿɷ񣺡û취ҪҲ֪аµжСκһλ߶Խ֮ԣֻΪǿħڻʲôӣֻҪҺǶ˻žˣ
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ν˴˶һۣ׿˽ЦһȻǵȴǽ߬ţԽԽ
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ǰҾֲǵһʶңаЦһڰд׿ĽӣԺҪ챻۸ˣҲˣ

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ˮ˪Ůǻ鷿ƹϨһ̣֪ΪΣЩʧ䣬·ʲôʧȥһ㡣
˪˵׿СǽԺ󻹻Ҫ𣿡죬һԵ˪
΢΢˪ȴǻҡҡͷ˼ҿɲ֪ʲôϵǽ㲻˵ôֻҪþͺã
ǰǽ˼ڴ˵ķҪҲô᲻ᡭü˼ţֻ鲻ͣת
ʧЦһƺߣȴҡͷƾͶȡ֮ģǴ򲻶׿ģ
ʲôͶȡɣƺ˵ҲһƬĺðɣ
ǣȷһƬģǵĸϽ࣬һռ档̾ƺؿǷһۣЦǽ׿磬ȴ˽׿ǽԭɡ
΢΢һŮ˴˶һۣȻصͷǰǱôһСǼҪ׿ռΪе˼
׿ħ֣мңÿ˵˽Уܿǵ˼Ҳˣ׿ԸЩŮˣȻףЩŮӶʵ⡭
һϽǶλرأ
һ̾ƺһͷɫ
ڶ峿һ˿͵͸ӵķ϶ǻĻ鷿׿Ƥ΢΢˶˯ۣԱһȴǿտҲ
һ㶣׿תһȴԵѲ٣̧׿ȥǼѿʼϴ
Ӱ׿ʵУԵǷ
׿ǲЦһ٩׿ܼһСĽȴ˯øһҲ͵Ϯ
û취˭Ǹһأ
ʧЦҡҡͷ׿ٴɵڴһؿͷ컨壬ǻܰЦݣ磬Ӣڣ仰һ㲻ǣ뻳֮ʱ˵ڻǶƷе龰һƽˮٽķ粨֮С
΢΢һ𣬳ǳҲЦʱֻʵӣ
ǰҲΪˣҵڸƽˣ
վ׿Ȼ󣬽뻳Уд֮ɫǣ֪ôԴӸǻദպǼֿ־塣Ϊҷ֣һҵ֮ҲĥˡԺһֱų㡣ͷһǱˣʲôҲȥô㳤ȥ
׿Դǵ㷢У߽ǸоӺģȴһۣüҿɲ㣬ֻԼĿꡣ
ûõģֻͷϣˣ
ͬһֻС㣬Դڳ㷢һֱţ׿ƽͷһ˽ǣԬ˵ĶԣѹҪˣⶼ㺦ģҪһһ


770 
꣡
̲סЦŭض˶ӣЦôСһϲˣ
ԣҾСˣҾҪճ㣬ճһһҿ
Ȼ׿ȥһԴǷҷ㷢̧һشг⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
һ㶣תԵؿôˣ׿ʲô𣿡
ҡͻˣؾֻ˯һѣ
һ׿һűһؿǣ̾ǣĿʹȻ鴫˫һҹͻˡ²˳٣˫ޣ
̲סһ죬Ǻݺһۣģ˫ʲôޣҲЦ
Цʲô˫ޣ£ѵȲˣٽʵʱ˳ٽ޸飬ǺǺǡ׿һЦߣ¶ɫɫĿ⡣
΢΢Դȴ΢̣ưߡ
ǻǼɲһ˫һ󼱴ٵأȻǶڣͬʱһϵ𣺡ȿȿȡ׿ҪһҲˣʲôʱ˫޶Լ¡һ֮ɲǸϰߣ
Ԭϣ
üͷһ׿гҲ˫һ죬֪˸ոյĶԻͷȥԹص׿һۺ󣬱æȥˡ
֨ѽһ죬Ŵ򿪣ǺСԬ΢΢׿ȴһû߹εʦΪҵȫҲûĸ۵Ķҵķûвý硣ôһͣأ
̲סһ飬ԬϺ΢ȴҡҡͷ̧˽һǰϷûô۵İãֻ֪ͨһǸˣ
̣
һ㶣˱˴˶һۣһ죬׿ǲʲộҲŸոյҪ뿪𣿡
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оâһԬϵ׿ڲ쿴һȴüͷһ壬૵ôԱһ𷢲𣿽ڵΡл䣬ħڵħ̫ڵҶۡﶼ
ǺǺǡȻ
ЦһԬϵЩ˫϶ʶϾʮڣҪദһǰ֪Ҳǰи׼˫ʲôԹһУɾҪǢദˣž˫Ժ˼ɣ
žһӵϣ׿ҡͷǸҶۡúܣǢദʮ꣬ߺߣ
ҶϷѾ࣬Ʋ硣ԣҲͱˣҲǰĻɫ
ЦһԬϻӻ䣬վˣϳɣˮȵѾ׼ˣ͵ˣ
ô죿һ׿е
ؿһۣԬϲЦϷ֪»̲סžžžѾϷϺܾˣڵӹѳˣٲ͸ϲˣ˫Ժеǵطžžž

˫ղһ죬صͷ׿Ҳһؿͷʲôʱϼһˣſڱտžžž˿Ǳ˸ܣ
Ǻ˼ʰһ£ԬŽ紦ħи߲ˣͬʱҲ׼Ҫˡ
˵һ򿪣׿߳磬׹ݹǰһر˱ȭµģ˫Ժڼ䣬һдСҵȺʹ󹩷ϣµģһаľǣ
꣬˵ʲôʹ󹩷һϣǰԼˣ
ӻûλأǵԾúܣԼʯߵһԣԼλˣȻҰҲС
ˣ˭ԼأְȨǽ˭
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²һᡣ׿˼ԣĴȨ󹩷ǲԽȨ
֪׿ʹ󹩷ܹϵҲȻˣ
ʱԬϳһǰ׿Ѿħˣ޵ǲͬ˫ԺһҪ֮λ˫ԺҲ֮֮вһԣ
ף󹩷ģ΢΢һЦ׿˵ͷ
ԬϼˣҲǷĵЦ
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󹩷λǴѶе˼Ҫ׿ˣô᲻᳹׵λˣ
һ𣬿е೤ϲ֪ʱԬ
ҡҡͷԬ̾һйâһֳһ򣺡λ𵥶Ϸģϣܹ׿һţҪˡǿ׿ֺγǣϷӱ޷׿λλΪ죬ܲӲѱǿȥɡϣ׿֮λϷ˼ԴֲֻˡҪǿģҲû취
ǺǺǡ󹩷ģ˫ҲˣҰģͳȺۣЦһ೤Ͽο׿嶤λҪҲ޿κˣ󹩷Ǹ
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о˸󹩷ҡҡͷ¶Ĺâ
ԭһУڴ󹩷ı֮ڣʵҪаλģǴ󹩷ơ
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ǰû˱ңԼڱԼѣ
ͫһ⣬а²ҧҧᶨΪұҪûʧȥһУ˭ңҶؽ


771 ޳ĵ
׿磬Ǿʹ˱ˣ֮һҪҿ
ҲҪȥˣʲô鷳ҪɼܵĻǧСӣ
뿪ħڣԷ롣
ƺҪؼ壬˳˪ŮȥСҪɽ׿ͳǵŮҪǰ˫Ժޡ
Ȼ׿мǰȥΪħҪȥְ𣬱Ͼݺܳһʱ䣬ħڶÿ˫Ժţܲӣ
صر˱ȭ׿ɫ£ص˵ͷ˴ζлλڣ
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졢׺ˣ뱧ȭӦűƺ·ˣת۲Ӱ
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ǽ㵱˵ֻҪһаãǾͺˣ
һԶȥıӰʧ׿ҲǸпࡣǰȻΪħʣ˾ˣûκζ
ڣһͨߣȴӵ̫࣡
뵽׿׿߿գǲɵûһȻЦݡǼˣűͬܵȾһҲ¶һĪ΢Ц
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һºƺһڸڻصҴӪڷɽǰȥսλȴνʧأ֮һսʣ֮ҲĶࡣ
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Ϊ˳ϵѣվʵ⾿ô£㽫սȥô⸱ˣذ
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ллǰһļ壬ǣǺǺǡЦһƺݷл
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һת׿ȥȴһӵˣ˫Ŀǰ
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һݷбƳƳ֥ҳļ壬Ȼû棡
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һЦݷĵȻⲻڹôǹʵĽȴǣȻ
ȻΪһǰļū
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Ҫǰæ֮ãΪرǺܸߵġңոûȻħݾ֮һ˵ķչֽѸ٣֪𣿡

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£ƺһ˦ݵ뿪ˣֻһϼһ㿴ңҿ㣬ֲصԴ
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̲ͫסƺüͷһ˫ȭ߬


772 
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ƿһ⻮һСǰĵӰʱۿȥȴ׿ǡˮ͵Ů
һµĸ·ǰ˫ԺҲн˴·̡
ףһ·϶ǻĽҰ⣬ѵȴһ˷СýȥЪЪţϢһΣ׿һָС
΢΢˵ͷŮЦӦǣһЦؿ׿һۣ׿磬һ·ϻĽҰⲻɣҹǽҪСʤ»ˣ
Ѿͷٸ˵˫ղһ죬ŭصһۣݺ첲һ£׿ȴ˿Ϊ⣬ЦѾͷƽⰡȻҶ֪ҵļƻǽǾ͸æ˰˭Ҳ˭
㡭Ҳһ֡˫ղøǺݺһۣȴصͷȥ
׿аһЦںȴ̤ȥߣһҲ
ؿ̤ŲıӰһۣŮ˴˶һۣȻЦЦǰˡ
Գɻ֮׿ӱ˺ܶడٲǰһˣв֪ʲôˮ
ЦһҲǵͷǰ˻вκθӣҲˣֻǲ֪ҪĽ𣿡
ǰҪʲôչֻҪ㣬ͱٶˣļˮ
ҲشչһЦǰͦãǰһװͰ͵ġҪô˵Ů˸ıأǽ㣬ţ
ݸһЦҡҡͷ˶Ůһۣٿ׿һյĻӣҲǷͷܾõİ
ԼĴڣǲĥ˵־ڿֻҪľͺˣʲôҪأ
ǣǾ¥Ϣɣأ׿һʮֻĲ¥ͣ˽Ųת׿ǵˣе¶Цݡ
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һȣƺͻȻ뵽⣬˳ǻûشˮȻЦһ
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СԴһͱˡûħħˣ
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Ϊأһ˿һĹضƣ࣡
ˮŮߴߴħ֣֮׿ȴһֱ˫ۣʱ̧һ裬ȻЦš
ħħ˭壬ΪΪħأԼˣջԬ˵Ķԣħ;ͬ飬شеһ𣬺ǺǺǡ
ֻˣŻȥǿħ֣֮Уѳɴ׳գ
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ġġڵ㣬һҪóɴ
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ķ׿أ·ڸղţֶһݳĶ֪ʲô
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ʲôҾȻ˯һʱһ׿ºȻӣôܳ˯ѣⲻԼЦ
ͬʱҲڻŸոһô£ƺһһ㣬ž޷ԭ
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ңѾͷССͣ˭ѧãѧʡ
Ҳһ壬ݺݵһۣͨ졣ˮǺݺͷһ£һŭؿСѾͷƬӣ˭ѧô
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죡
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ӲһŮת׿ȥȴǲŷ֣֪ʱ¥ӵûˣ˶ˣСƹĶʧӰ
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ʲôħŮһʧɫ
ҡҡԴ׿۾һУ¸ûô򵥣αϴλ㣡ϴħ϶֣żȻǹ컯֮£˱ȫʧֻ֤һ㣬һ壡
䣬һը죬һǰδеǿѹݺݵͷѹ

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ǳɢȥӳģȴصмдӡŵǸʮɿľ޴ӡ
ڲ¥Ϸ߿մһͷߣһĮؿ·Цߺߺߡ˫һٶעĿħ֮㣬ֹȻ˵ãȻǰϷһƣȥˣ
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üͷһ׿ųŮվһĮȴǲɵýΪǰһ֮£Ȼߵʵǻֿɱȣġڻ꾳ǿߣ
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ôһ壬ܶԷֻһɣôΧǲȻû·أ
һˣ׿˫ȭ̲ס߬пʼɿŶԲߣ
׿ּˣΣħСǲѷˣģһϤ
׿εس̾һû뵽ҲϵĶͷǳǰ


773 ʱ
ڣԵ
ͫ͵һ׿תףȴǿӣǵҲһɫ
û뵽γַǵģԭ֮ĩڣ
ѹǻ׳ڻ꾳ˣڵĵ̣ȷʵ
ҡڵǰʮɢǿϢĻ֣ԵаЦһô׿û뵽ǻǰɣ
ǰȷû뵽
۾΢΢һУ׿ɫĳ֪˲ٶͷǽڻϵģû뵽ǡ˵ǵڣѾҴˣûʯǣд󹩷ţǲ뿪͵ϮǣţӦڣһ֮ĩжһа취Ӧԡû뵽·ģڣ
ǺǺǡ˵ǵĳʱ·ʱħԶƽʱûϵǵоֻһ׼ڴ˷ħڣǵӦЩһַҲ£ʲôʱ򹴴ϵأ
üͷţ׿뵽ʲôʧЦˣ˫ᣬЫʯʱʹͬ˰ɣ
²һݣԵؿ׿һۣȴǺشЦ˶˵թƻöԸһȻˡħͷǲȥĻ´󺦣ھҪնħе
ʧʧ㣡
žžԴ׿ƺȫûԵƨһգ̾ϢҶħڵȷ̫ˣӪΪӪô֮ˡŸһƱͻˣλı˭֪վԹҪԼ
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿һָǣԵµ֣ҪħҾͺãǶţ뿪ɣ
²һǽץ׿֣һƬֿ΢΢ҡҡԴˮŮҲۼᶨı飬׿ȴѹûһֻۣǽԵţɫһƬ
ߺߺߡħͷ˻һˣĻ֮ȫħҪ֮ء
ݣ
ԵһЦǻû˵꣬һεĲǶȻӲһԵһʶԴһƫ˹ȥ
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ֻǵ꣬Ƭ̣ƮԼٵһŭİš
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ЦһԵȰ㻹ÿ·ɣˣ㻹ܶ๶Ӳдһ󣬿ǲգһȭɣҲȲǼŮˡ˵ˣ꣬͵ڰǼŮ˽𣿹Ҫѡѡ񡭡
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ҡħסҪһʱȴҲûôףǺǺǡ
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Ű׺׵ĲԵȴ·ڴͷƵģҿˣһӣ֮ء㵹µһ̣ǼŮҲ·ԡ㡭һжǰ׷ѣﲻκˣ
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ʱ䣬ҽϣЩӿȵδӽǰȻһƬɫĻ֮Уʱһ飬ȫʹ̣ɵþ
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ߣɱ𣿡
ЦһҶһмƲƲ죬ˣ¶֮ɫǡ䣡


781 
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аһԿô󼱣ͷԺΪȻХԬϵĽսλȻ·硣ٲϽĻ˵ĻᱻԬϳ׼ˣһˡ
˭뵽ԬϾȻڶʱͻƵڻ꾳ʵ˼֣ǵһǣǼӲޱȣǸХڻصĸֱȣҲܰѹ÷
һˣао͸Ӵ󼱣
͵ڿﲻצ賤βҪû취ȷ̫ǿħǰһʱҲ
ʱ򣬺õĲ黵飬ĵ飬ڷˣ

һܾԬǿӲһֻצһ˦ʱХǿһȭŴţԬץסᣬƺݺݵؿڡ
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һ췢ХƵһѪɳȥɫزҰ

а¼ˣ󼱣Ҳһˣһܣ󹩷͸ʰˡ
Ҳһʱаһʧ񣬵ץɫĹ֣ͬһʴ˲佫ȫҲһУεסҲֺܶ
аһһű㷵ģǲɵó˺ףҲ¶˾֮ɫ
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һУѾˣŽӽԼǰһƣǿҲЩϢѹХƶʱһңһɬȴ£
ݣ
ȻڴʱһϬƿȴ𣬵һҫ۵ĽâԬǿһδХһëȴǵʱ̲ס˻ʮſֹסΡ
Ȼһصǰȥֻ۵צʱ˿̣Ѫ죬ۼѣ
һУֻһУ
ոջ׺ޱȣХѹŴĴ󹩷ʱˡһһתͷȥȴһĮӰ֪ʱǴХԡֻĮͫУʱһ˿⣬֪ϲǰؿŶԬϣһ


785 ħ޵
Ԭ˸գþò
ԭҲ˰Фɽ
ԬϺФɽôؿŶԷ嵭·겻ٴƵôϤȴδİ˰㣬Į
ХƿФɽӰһϲ󹩷ĸոպãϼһȻͻڻ꾳ȴиѶԸ
Ŷڻ꾳
üͷһФɽؿԬһۣȴЦԬ˸գҴһʣҾͶԣͻƻ龳ѣû뵽վȻͻڻ꾳㣬ȻǸܹ漣ˣ
ʧЦһԬϺ΢ҡҡͷûʲô漣ֻ޾ļֻ֣ǰҵĿ꣬һֱֵ׶ѣ
ǰˣҲһδ۽ˣؿһۣФɽ΢΢ͷһ̾
ЦҡҡͷԬԣȴǺ¶һ˿ʧϧһˡɱҵ𣿡
ֻ˵ŵľ⣬֪ӣһ棡
ҡҡͷФɽת׿һɫХһۣȴֽŵǲòˡԬ˸գҵƢǶ˽⡣ǶʱԣҲڶϣ֪ҵľ⣡
Ȼص˵ԴԬϲЦһǰһΪءȻھҪϷΪ󹩷ζȻҪִˣϷ⣬һֱ⣡
ôض˵ˣаɣƽһζսҲһζս̧Фɽ˸ƣΪһԵһԲľţ
۾УԬϺ΢ص˵ͷһսʶһ£ϷЩĳɹ
ǺǺǡǾ仰˲һë
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ЦһԬͻȫƴţصɫۼףر鲼ȫ£ǿƣϵɢȥȻǾȫ
Хڻظ֣ʱ˿̣ҲƵϢ͵һͣ´󺧣Ǹոͻڻ꾳ܷų
Сӣ治򵥣
ФɽˣҲ̲ͫס΢΢һһãϼһԶҸе⡣ȻˣҲˣ͵ٱǰΪаɣ
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ıФɽվָ֮䣬һƬ죬Ԭϵ졭
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а¼ˣ󺧣ڱţ˵ǵܶܲˣһ군ˣɵŵ˲ɫɷף
ХƼˣɴ󾪣æ󹩷ϼһɱаȻ鷳ˡ
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ģһ̶ԬϱҪҵаͷϵһƣʱһͣȻ۵һ¿Ѫɵڵϡ
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󹩷
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ХƴЦһ˦˦ԪȭͷмؿһۺаǰЦаû°ɣ
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˵ţаһ̧֣һֻڵצӰطɳһУֱֱȻ˲𣬺޷Ŀǰ
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̲סһѪ³ϽûϢȥֻ೤ǰĿڵ󹩷ǡֵܣһˡ
ͨͨͨ
һ߾ӵµ쳹˶ǰ󹩷ȻҲˡֻȴɫȻޱϲǿӲ֧ȴ¶һȻЦݣ૳Фɽ겻Ҹһ£һһͽܣţšһ죬ᳬ˵šϷǷϲģϷһŵĵӣТ˳е塭
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죬ϼһħ֮ԻΪڣȫҴġ׿ûκιϵһöӶѣֻҲܽħڴ۷壬ΪξͲң
аһŭݺݵץԬϵļҡΣ
ϧԬȻˣǵѪɣֻ޾ĳЦ
Ԭϣ
ؿ˿ԬǽʬһۣФɽֿ˿а֮ɫγ̾һԬ˸հ֮ûκζۡ
ȻĻδ䣬ȴǺһ̧һС̲ס³һѪ
󹩷ôˣХһæǰš
˰֣Фɽٴ˿Ԭϵʬһۺ󣬲ȻЦãԬ˸գһǧˣսһһΣһζսϷһУ
ϷջǰĻ㲻ǷţϷȥ˫Ժ޵ţһ˸УФɽ̾һȥ
ХƿаӰһۣΣѾ㲻ȥæ˴󹩷ĽŲ
ʱ˿̣滹һɱ죬˷þò


786 ʦͽ
ҹ죡
гФɽǸߴԣ¸޵Ұϣγ̾һƬȻʧ
Хһ·ߣȴǹ󹩷ѵħڴ󹩷Ϊλ⣿ǺѣΪΡ
ɱ𣿡
Х˵˵ˣֻüͷ壬ɫФɽһۣЦǲʲôѣ෴ǾУ
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ʧЦһФɽ񷣬磬ƺ˻֮У뵱꣬ħڽеӼдԣϷΪͷѡ֣ȻҡħţӢӣϷţŷɥھϣδսȰܣڡʱϷ緢ħڽǵС֮ǵĵҲҿǺȴСӣ
ħڵĴ󹩷
ûʱ˵ǹˣӶǣһѣ
ЦһФɽĵʱһ۵ӣȻҽа壬ȻװŵҲûȴʹ鷳ʮʮ꣬Ҫұԣʤ˵һ۸ʲô˵ؽţҪϳԽսԼޡҵʱЦˣӱ㼫޸߶ˣĿ꣬һӶﲻִ֣Һţ
Ҿ棬ûʲôˣֻĴ򷢶ѡȴǸевСӣһ׾ӵۣһƽҡҲҲ˵ػ˵һһëɸҺţʱƺҲˣңΪɱ֤𣿡
̸ܣǺǺǡҲ䣿ʵ֤ҵȷˣ±ԽһۣȻһţܱͣסԼĵλԽ붼ЦҵȷǱġ㣬ʱ䳤ˣҵľУ
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ԭˣ벻ħڴ󹩷Ǹ̫־ˣХȻص˵ͷ̾
ЦһФɽγ̾һ˲ˣϧ˲Ϊ˹»ö˶һŪķѡа°ĲŸɣһɴ
û˵ǲŷЦһХǾ⣬ƺա
΢΢˵ͷФɽ૵ȷΪ֣ǵȻԽԽáһºаħڣƻᱻʯסѱʩչˣڣǺǺǡħڻúءֻǿϧԬ˸һѪ
ô󹩷𣿡

ҡҡͷФɽȻҸ˲ԸΪŴ壬óʱҲس֡ӦҲһҲǰĳŵϼһ˽һġ
΢΢˵ͷХ°̾λ󹩷ǷǷ֮ˣ۴֣ؽǳܱȣѡ
ܺƽദһμѻϧ֮ǰҪһħڴ󹩷ȫФɽɱаɱģԼ
ˣϼһǰ˵һͽܣƺ൱Ƴ簡˭ҵȤһ
ģФɽХʵ
΢΢Хȴǻҡҡͷ󹩷ӣ˫߳Ƶ׿ˡֻƼˣ
ŶΪΣ
а˵ڵȥԡ
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ڰ֣Фɽһ̾ڵ˳֣˿϶ûˡϧͷƳĵӣϷ
䣬ФɽһתʧӰֻХɾվ·˻ϲ
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аһЦЫһؿϵˣԱ߻ŵĻ鳤ͬ˽ǷյЦݡ
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ߣҶ֣󹩷Ǻܿͻ࣬ҲܲˣҲǸŴȳв
ԣЫ˱˴˶һۣȴǴЦ󹩷Ѿѱˣܵǣɽǰ˻ͻ𣿺ߺߣ۷Ѿˣ
⻰ʲô˼ͫһ
мƲƲ죬ЫЦһҪûˣҾ͸Ǻú˵ɡʵϣһսҺʦѾıˡνľ֣ش֮Ǹ׿һ·˫Ҳ˷ͷǣҡˣԻྡྷУʱҾͰʦԸЩ׿磬׼һսˡ
ڣھͳȥԸ׿ˣںڣӦϣ۷׿ĸȫ󻼣ϧԦ˫ϵȫҲһʱϵϡˣһҲ޷
ʲôǾȻͨڣüͷһݳһ˫ԺԻԤ
ݳպû˵꣬Ыǰ˰֣һĵΪû뵽ǴڶҪҸʵοˣߣ˵׿ֻһ첻˭ܳϣںڣžΪħƽģа»׿ǣ֮ͽˡ˾Ƕסţ
̲ͫסһأݺҧأȴ˵
Ϊô˵˫Ժȷǲڲˣ
УƻʦҲѳﱸʱˣһֱ踺ءΪ㵽ˣ׿аǿһ𣬳ҪڹȻϡôʦʯǲǱ׿Ҫ㣿
üͷЫһ⣬˽£̧ԪһȭЦݳ˵ŵһӳҵġҰǳһ˰ˡ

Ȼδ˵꣬췢ѪǱӿ
ЫһӲԴ¿ȥȴԼؿһѪȻ֣תȥҲȻڵϣؿͬѪ
̧ۿȥȴһϤӰؿ㡭㡭ϡôᡭ
Ы㰡̫ˣȻ͵ˣǺǡȻ˰ǻһаĻȣͫâһһӡһֻʮɸߵӥ͵شڷɳʬһӣǶڵץʱ˺顣
ţӥЫץɫɷףгȵȣ㲻ŵôᡭ
ǰһǵľ⣬ϴȣϷǹʦ


787 ׷ɱ

һֻӥգ۱ǰЫˣŵûɢҪܣ֮϶ӲˣҪӭսȴκθձ͵ϮԪˣӦսܡ
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ߣ㵱Ϸ꺢𣿡
ЦһϲмƲƲ죺ʲ뵱ŵһӣʯŵϷúܡ㿴Ϸϣ˺аأߺߣƢԣϷɱ˭֪նݳѺ۷˹ϵƹϷǽúã
䣬͵ؾһӡᶯټֻӥצķâϬ֡
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˵꣬ϱæ̧˹ǰйâһһСƿ浹ҩһһ£
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˻࿴˿Ҳ΢΢ͷĻˡΪʵҲɣΪҪԼЩˡ
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䣬ݳһ˦䣬˫ĿעԶ֮ҧУүүǻ
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촽̲ס΢΢ţݳݺ߬ƣ̯һԿţĸܣҲǱݵصԴ
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£תǻķ򶨶ȥ˳Ҳһҧϣ
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ɷΰʱɷ°ͣȴǳüչ˵֮û˸Ҳ˫ԺĹء
һɷʱʧɫ˵Ǳݵ˸ɵģ
ƨȻ䣬һȱأͬʱһϬƷʱ
ȻһɷæһƣãеϮ

ԣɷһŷö˶˵ڵϣ͵Ϯ֮ȴǱһɣˤڵء۵һ̲ס³һѪ
ףô
һ㶣ɷգգãĴ۾űǴϲһЦرȥ׷ɱȻô͸ӽİӷɱǵǲǣ
ޣϷҪܱһ𿪣
Ѫ׷ңסգ˿棬ȴ쳣ʶ
ɷ󣬲һæǰҷؽеô㰡׹ΪҪ͵ϮңѲѵģҪӺң
ޣ׽ѵǻ᲻֪˭ɵģŭһ׹ҧгݵؿˡ
һãһ޹ҡҡԴ
һЦ׹мƲƲ죺װǾװɡ˽ã᲻֪Ĵ㣿֪ˣ͸óƽˣӲ׿ܼλǡ
׹һûڣȴøӺͿˡ
Ѿ˵ľ˭
˵Ǳڣħģһ𣬵ƿ죬а´ʮֵʱǰ


788 ۶
ؿһŭԼİ׹а²¶һаЦݣЦͷ㵹Ǻܴ򰡣汻嵽ˡˣ
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ɷȴȫˣæڰֵȵȣ⡭⵽ô££ΪҪɱ׹Ϯʲô²ȵк𣿡
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̲סһХ´ϲϻװüͷڰֵðɣ˼ŸѣôҲ̫
Īν߶ãƾħ⸱㷭ӣԴԺİҪڲǣݺһȭ𳤷֣س
üͷХŭ֣ⲻƻ𣿿ңħϾҪڡ

ǣû˵꣬𳤷ЦһһµؿüѵųĴ£ʵʸ𣿡
һХؿͷһۣűǴЦݺļ󳩣



792 
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𳤷Хһݣ¶һ㶮ҶҶЦݡ
Хḧ룬Ҳ΢΢ͷԺľӪҪҶ˰İɣΪڣԺû˿ĵ̵ңڵҲ֣
ǺǺǡǾˣٴһݣ𳤷絹뿪˴
ӰʧХص˵ͷĻ󳩡һӽħڲвĵλĴҲͶڵ¡
˵ĻĿľ󣬾ȫڵڣߺߣеţʲôʸӷǮ
˵׿ⳡ粨ڷˣħڲˣΨߣִ硣
һս費
Х´Цģ۾һУȳˣ
ǣ
৵һ£һӰأȻǰݵ
ϸϸ˼ХĳѶЩȥ׷ɱħڲ˻ɡҵ壬ںħڷ棬ڶ֣Ӱ
ǣٴһȴǳһ󣬲û¡
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ոͷ̸ʵûͨʵЩ׷ɱħˣǰȻˣ
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˹ݻ߾׷ЩȴҸѾԷ󷨿סԷȴǷ˻˵ӵϢЭͽˡȻ⣬Ҳûӵ򣬵ԷİǷˣţȷˡ
ɴվڴãХɵ㶵ģû˵ã૵˵뱾ڴЭ飿ôܣɣҲǸոա
˵ţХת׿𳤷ʧķȴǺסˣȻų۾һУһ̾ţƾһͷ˵ǳͷ֮ˡң˱̶ˮԽԽ˰

һСؿХһۣʵ򣬻𣿡
۾΢΢һУХһҧȻı֮ŪƼ䣬ò˵𳤷ϼһĻĴϷ򡣡
ڵ˶֪ߣҹ˳ˣڵĴˣħ޸ϵ
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һͷʧֻʣХƿǸڣȻ૵𳤷硭ǡߺߣϷˡ
һºݵһ죬𳤷صҴӪٳǣڷɽеˣȫڴһصϢ
ǰ׹ˣϿͨȮ־ڣӱ׷ɱƺ˵˵ȰϢġ
ܼһع飬˲ʱΧȥһؿĻش
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ڴ̩ɽˣһ޳һʱ˿ȴһ㲻żյ裡
ܼңôˣƺɫ̲סæʵ
ǻаЦݣ𳤷Ҫڣ޳ŶȣЦһϼһǵɪܲɹ
ιͷϷǰðΣȥ˵ͣ㵹̨úģɫһ𳤷Ц
üͷһ޳̧̧ԴΣϷ˳ᢣ
ƨ˳ᢣǹҺ˭ܸɣмƲƲ죬𳤷缥б£ȥХƵܲ˵
վܼߣ˵ܼ֮֮ţ֮
ʱҲһ죬Ц
Ƥ̲סݺݳһ飬޳һ٣ǲǣϷ˳ᢿɲǴġϼһǲǰ»ˣħڵһɣӸڣڲ䣿ٺ١Ϸ֮˵ģ
ϻ⻹㣿
мƲƲ죬𳤷ĵȻħҪͷǾͲضˣҪµıɡħһ滮ڣڲħڶǵĺ⣬ͻתȥڲֻֻħЦһҲǡټڵıӣ˴δѽ⣡
ģܼңԵ棿ǰһƺϲг
ص˵ͷ𳤷ЦȻģûʲô˵ģһף򵥶ˡڱͲһ壬ڣϳа£ʵĿĲΪѹħڷչѡϾħڴﵽ֮УвĿģΪǧʥ󣬾͹ȻΥ˫ԺĹأ
Ȼ֪ĿģǾͺðˡͶһѹħڣִ˲ƣЦˣ
Ϊ˱ħڹǽֻһ롣ͻëͷתڣǡĻԴṩȫϵһǲݹأױһЩҲлٵĴ㡣һȫشˣţ޳͵
䣬𳤷Цһ˭ҪִȥȴеġҪȥ̸Уǧ˰ٻˣ
㡭üͷһ޳һƤֱ
ƺһԿãæһЦȰ˵ǵìܣ
ν޵һ޵ڶһҲֳ˭˭־硣
ǣ׹ǿһУȴȻȫɵˣ
벻η֮绢ǵ׷ɱȻ׵ؾͱˣٲ׷ɱ֮࣬ء
⣬ǵ
ؿǼڲϰ죬ƺƣڱΧӰ׹ǳķڷˣ
˵ΪҲѳΪеĸ֣ĳЩ棬ȴһ޶ĸ֣˭ԳԽ
ˣǾ͸׼Ϊ׿籨ˣ
أ޳˵ոͣ£ƺȻɫһ˫ȭ߬ͫͨ죬ҧгݵ
ˣҲɫһ࣬ûЦɫͬ
̽ӵĸոջر׿ܼϮ֮ԲǧﶼһƬҽ޴֮˿޳ҲһȻ治֪ǰˣʲô
ḧų룬𳤷ҪȾҪ񡣱Ͼǵĵˣڣһǿڣ
ǻҪ𣿡²һݣ׹ؿһۣŵǵ֮ǿ룬еǽš
δ䣬ƺǴһҧ˭𶼷Ǳɣ׿ıӻ׳ģ˶Ƿһĳֻȥ
ƺĻڳÿһ˵ĶС
׹˽ضҲͫһȳôټǰɡ


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һӣ򵱼أһ㣬а²мƲƲ죬ġ
ʯˣҲʧЦһ˫Ժ֮ݱ磬һʵǿ󣬶Ǵ¹κ񡣴ֻҪǰѴ±ΪŭҲȨ֡򣬾Σ˭ݱң£Ըģ
ţʯ˵ƻҲܣǺǺǡЦһа°ڰֵôȥŰɣһҪ׿йص

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ӣʯ·ϰ㣬ÿɷҡҡͷȴǲˡ

أһܵĴһӽϵس򣬹аǰϡ
̲ͫס˶аЩһһùϸϸ쿴һ֮£ȴӷŭðɣžͽЩȫˤڵأ
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ʯһԿĬĬƽòŵҲǾû׿û˷չǱ˰ɣ
üͷݺһаŭĿʯ˵ʲôΪ׿ôܣħڵа£
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ЦһʯȻǺǺǡʵԹ˵ϷҲͦƳ׿㣬ģ󹩷ľûǰ֮㵱ûбʵģڳһʵģȻҪˡ֮ϷһҪ׿ǧټŪҲΪϷĵˣ˶ѡͲŸ˵ϷҲ֮
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촽̲סаɫףָʯԶȥıӰݺݵصջ̱Ź¶ϡ
ӣҲֻһӶѡ

ʱһ쳹һӷ汼ȥȴǱҪ߳ʯ£ЩԺͶϷɣ鷳ˣ
ǣһ㶣Ŵص˵ͷаһ̲סݺݵ߬ȭͷȴΪ
ݿһ飬ʯ˼ת׿аµ˴ǲ׼ȥȶҴ꿪ʼǵĹһɣ
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аһڵһվ˼顣ʯǳһӣȥֻȴҲһΣǱҲ˰Ȼǣڵߡ
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Ϊͬ˳⣬ƺŰ׹˵սĲرڣѲսΡɽһ׳رľӨʯ
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üͷһƺؿһۣɵܶ𣿵ں׿翴ʧأ͸һʯⶫ˵ʥ۲󣬻Ũȣͨǿö࣬ӦܰǶʱֲ֣ǵʧʱһĺܺá
ոհڲرû죬вճͻƻ龳ˡҲǰǿ˲ֹһ㣡
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Ƥ̲סݺһ飬ɷһץסƺ˫֣ӯԺǾ͸ˡһʥݹֻ˫ԺĴڶﲻԴܣܿǵʵͻͻͽ̵׿ǰƭǣԭóľʡ֪ˣʲô˫ᰡ
ҲͷȻһץƺǿҪԺˡƺǴصԴкɣףջô
ȺǵٻӰȴĬĬ뿪ˣ
׿˿µϦһƬˣ˪һԿţȰѽ㣬ģôʥ󴢱׿ĳǳᱨģ
˳ʲôã˶زˡ˫ͫžӨ飬пնʧ˻㣬¡
ͬһʱ䣬˫ԺˮŮ£ͬһգ˫ȭݺ߬ȴǲʡ
ģһO@ĽŲﲻ֪ʱǵ̾˫ԺĴò𣿰ֺγǣ׿õԩҲ˫ԺϾǣĴţô˵Ǳ߳£ʱֲȣλֻȶΪˣ
ҧû˵ֻ˫Ȼʣޣֹסɢ


794 ׹
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һƬڵĿռУȼһɫ棬ѸܿγһɳľȵĻ⣬ʱƬռյĴ

һγɵĻӿذ˰Դת¿ȥȴϸСӰӳϸһȴˣ
֮һɫվ΢΢̧ͷҶɡ£һѾûϢıʬһ˸󶴣ѪѾ̣˿ⷭԵ˿ɲ
ؿʬһۣ΢˵Ǹ𣿡
ǵģʦѾˣ΢΢ףҶ۹
˫ͫһУ´ʬһֻۣݰϷֻСӴҪʱϢһ£˭⸱ģģһûˣǱϴ֮𣿲С˵ˣΪ׾ͱ˳㵹һ˺۶ûôϴ˫ᱻ̧Ȼ෴
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һЦҶ̾ͽΪʥ޴ˣ˫϶ʥһս˾ˣ˽ΪϴεսܣٶҵҲûս֮ˣ
Сɽ޴ͫһһֵؿĽ͡
΢΢Ҷ۹ʦҸȥʱȻڵΧˡʱҲֻʦ͵ϢǽȻӻˣ
ԭˣΧ˰
Ȼص˵ͷḩףϸȥȴԽԽ棺ףСӵʦоǺηʥеĶҲ̫˰ɣҶЩͷ½ƶϷ֮£
üͷһҶԣҲΪȻصͷûʦͽʱҲǾʦвӵúܣδϵͳκһɣǡһƿƿεĴУͽˣǸʦ
Ҫ˵ĻϷҪƣ治ԩҡҡͷȴ˫ͫзž棬һµ
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ƺǿеɻҶۣӦϷ㽲Ϲʮۺʥޣʥǿߵ°ɣ
ص˵ͷҶգգۣ˵ȥ
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Ϊ׿һʥ޴ˣ屻ʥ޸û뵽˼ҵֱһʥ֮ԭװƣȴܸ˼ұȵġ
һʱ䣬Ҷ۵ͷһ̾ЩԱ
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ȫûע⵽ͽƵɫüţأֲһͽͨˣСǾĵĴˡҲֻǸϹŻаΪܣ
ƤһҶ۲ɾгϹʮۣǿ֮ħۣ
Ϸ֮ڵԪǹ죬ƺܽϷ˵ƺڲۿ࿹ĵͳܹһ壬óشһֹƺǴˣ
ص˵ͷһᶨҲˣСȫôͳһҲûзų⡣ʥ޵ĻԪ񣬳ϼ⸳Ѫ⣬׻˵ĺ׾ڽలһ硣һ˵ĻըˣĻڣ
ʲô
ٴһҶ۲˼˵һ˾ͼ̳ʥ޵
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Ͼʥ֮һȻХȺۣοѾһ˶
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ߺߣʥ̫Сˣ
Цһָ׿ǽӲƤһʱ¶治ʱ𻷵ͫɫؾҶۣסֻ۾ʥǿߣ۵ĿͫҲǰǼֻʥѹڷףף
̲ͫסݺҶ۲Ӵ󺧳졭۴ˣ

ǿ׼أ³޴˫ĿУĳޣܴ֮۵ͳƸûʲôϵҵǸɡߣԼľѧȻҲܰհɣ
ЦƺȻǷŭݣҶһָͷһеʥޣλۼ֣Թԣ󶥼УСӾηʥ
Ǻηʥܹһ˶
һЦͻȻüҶۣϷһ仰˵ɱԴװСӿɲֹ󴫳Уһأ
˵ţȼŽ׵ָ׿Сһ㡣
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ħ΢΢˲ӣȴЩηһӣԵ׿ڣӰ
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ЦһѪħĴţϷӦø˵ɡʥףѪӤۼֶԸ֮ʧû뵽ֿˣѪӤʥ֮ϣΪ˽飡
ǺǺǡ治֪ѪӤɳʥ׺ʥ֣Ŀֲ᲻նɱһĵۼ֣Ҳնвһأ
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Ҷһӵؿ׿һۣĽ૵󶥼У֮ӣسҲŴһʲôõɪģ
ȿȿȡܵϷ򴫳УȻеˡҴôʲôã޷һǰķݶɿһɫ΢΢һ
ƲƲ죬ҶţҪǶأ
⡭ͫݺһ̾Ǿ޵ˣ
̲סһҶ΢΢
ܿ죬Цҡҡͷǲܵģۼֺʥ޵ÿһͨǧɣҪÿڻͨǻȫܵġ㻹ǺúϷ£֮ɣ̰á˵ûоħ۵ĴУںϲôͳıɣ
ȻЩʧҶۻȻص˵ͷȻһؿŵ׿ĵʦûһϢˣҪ˰ɡ꣬ǿԾһ£
ǺǺǡлӦԶ޸˳ҲϷ̼һ²УȻ͹ˡҲȫˡѪӤ壬ԪѪӤ֮ڡѪӤͲֻôõҪú޸һа
ЦһʱӶ˺һ˺һƬɫۼ׿ʬϣȻһ£³һȵĽףʱȫ˽ȥȼա


795 
壬ף
ͫɵúݺһҶؿϤĳãʱһӣЦһ૵ʦԼۺͷ壬Ժ󲻾͸һ𣿡
ǰôʣȫͽܵ飬̧̧ܹԴ˵ͷ
ղݺһ飬Ҷҡҡͷ̾૵һߴ󶥼ˣֻҵķҲˣûеУⲻƽⰡʦ
ߺߺߡСӣʲôƽģ
мƲƲ죬ÿɷϷȥ£һ𣿺ǺǣϷòһ֮ţͬˣϷȻҪȫʵΪϷˣ
üͷһƣҶֵͬˣ
ǰͬˣһĪľ⣬һаĻȡֻ޴ͫڽŻڲϵȼգȼա

ġġ
һƬɵĿռУһµӰµƯڿУһã˭ڽʲô
ûлػֻһ˷죬ںţġġ
Ӱв⣬˼󣬳ٳٲҲȥֻƾԼӣ縡Ƽ㲻Ưš
ȻǰһϵӰվһҹһڣԵ쳣䡣
Ǹˣûת˺֣૵㡭˭
ûлػһֱĬšӰøǰЩûʲôҲȥƯǰȥ
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üͷһӰһֵʲô֮أ
Ԫɢĵط˵
ҿ˿һƬɣûе·ȥ֮ҲһƬڣӰһãҸȥĶ
һͣͣһ£û˵˵գȴǳ̾һȰɣ
ŶӰ˵ͷʮվطǰȥһƬڣȥҲǺڰ޼ʣҸǻһƬֻվŵһƬ
ġġǵ
ͬԶŴĺٴ΢΢һû˵Ӱȴǲɻڽеġ𣿡
ǰ
Ϊβǣ
ΪҲûش𣡡˵ĺ󱳲΢΢̾ϷӦǵûҲزȥˣ
Ӱתͷܣһ޼ʵɣûе·Ȼص˵ͷǰزȥˣû·ߣˡ
˵ţӰһָǰƬڣĵߣ
һԶˣҲزȥˣĳ̾ϷȥԲǰߣ
Ӱһ󣬵˵ͷȴǲǰƮȥƮ֮˲仯Ϊڣûκ·
һʱгʲôǲǰ𣿡
ǡֻ·˰ӲһͣӰˣɵ
û˵ֻڲϲƺ൱Ƶġ
Ӱ⣬ǰȥ
ȵȣ
ģһȣסǰ֮ǰܲȻشϷһ⣡
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һӰüͷȴãҡҡԴ֪˭
ӦϷͨǰҪǰˣ˶
ӰԴ˵ͷǺܿ죬ãŲԾǰŲţӿڰ֮У૳԰˭˭
ˣϷԸλزȥˡ̾ȫţ쳤̾ԪѾ˥㣬ϾҪɢһ˿ûˡ˵ԼǺǣʲôãˡϷ򡭡Ҫȥˡ
˭˭
Ӱؾߣȴȫûз֣֪ʱ˾ͬǺڰ֮ȥһԲ

ͻȻڴʱɵĿռУأҫĿĹâһž޴Ľɫڷ⡣
ĵĹҫӰʵ棬ȴǵʱӳճһϤݣ׿ɡ
Ҳڴʱ˿̣·Ӧ㣬һ죬Ӱͷ͵ȼɫĻ棬Ż˲ȫӰһɫĻˡ
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һֱţӰɢ֮ɫǵӵͫʱȴأͫһɣƺʱѹ㣬ȳҡ׿ħ׿
ͬߵģ޺쳹ЩҲʱ˲ɢȥǰһƬ֮أҲת˲֮䣬ʧ
Ƭռ䣬ȻΪһƬڣ
׿ӻ𣬽ǿеĽɫƮȥǻǻ֮Уȴ·ǺȻʲô㣬ȻתȥȴǸ˵Ӱĵҫ£ʧ
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ûлش˵ӰȫʧǾ׿Ҫȫǽɫǰһ̣˵Цȴ𣺡ǳ绹ģ֮䣬Ҵ֮󣬺ǺǺǡ
䣡
һҵıը𣬻Ľ׿һͦʱӽɫ˫ͫâһײȼաȫ£ɫۼʱʱ֣֮ƺܽһжڻƵģ
ڻôСӣ
ڴʱ׿̽ʲô£һȴأȻը졣
Ȼһ׿ת׿ȥȴһֻСɽСľԴһգգضлʱɢаĹâȫɫȼգŤպƬʡ
̲ͫסһ׿гϹʥޣ棿ǡ׹ȣ
ٺٺ١Ϸĵ̣ӭͣһЦʱ³һȵˣ˿׿ֹסȥ
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Ҷۣ㣿üͷһ׿׾˼ôȳˣأôˣ
ƤһҶƺЩ֣ʲôʱʼˣ
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û£ҵʱȥʱֻһӦսˡǸɵˣӦò׷
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濴һУȴͫһɣСӣո˵ˣʲôϵ
棬·ˣæһݣ׿ʵľǿߣǺʶʱġ
Ĵ𸴣ȴǵʱһǿ³ϷҪȰ㣬ǸϽЩ˶ɣѵԼݺִԼ֪Ϊ룬Ǿͳ뿪ɣ
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796 ʮʮ
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ضǽӲɫȻͫһɣȳϷش֮ǰҪʵشϷʲǡ㾿ʲôˣΪ͵õ˶ĴУ
²һݣ׿΢΢һ£ȴûпڡĵܣʾˣЩԥ
˵ȻʱĪɱԹϷû㣡һֱ·Ȼץİѱ棡
̾׿ĵ׿Цһ̸ȫ·磬жˡҲûϵѲཻˣǰٶཻһЩҲûʲô˵ġ
ֻ֪ΪԶˣǡ
ǺһһʮԼ˵˳ҲһֱѰʥ޵飡
ǰȥ治΢΢㶣ؿ׿̾СӣҲˣ˷˼ľҪ֪ЩֵĴУκһɶѰζβĺ£ȴǶռˡϲϲǾϼһȻܿתϷ򶼲Ҫдķְ
ʧЦһ׿Ҳǵͷ¶Ծħ۵ͨ̾ѡ

ȻʱȴͻػһתǻһаЦݵСӣˣϧվʱ˲ãϼһĵǵˡעһҪڻ̻̲жգʱֵ֮ķգ
̲סһ׿ʧɫ⡭⻰Ӻ˵𣿡
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³һȵĻˣ΢΢˶޴ӣ񷣬Щį뵱سɣڻԭʼХ½˿ɼ֮°ݷʱʥ޵ֻб˴ˣΪ˭صһףɱϡСֻ࣬ǵʳû
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׿Ȼͷʥ޵ƢҰûʲô㲻״ܣѱ⿿ڶݣȫûκá
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ǵĴ£Ҳʼ˸似ǿʢǿ޴Ӵ½İλ䣬ɽ֮Сˣǲԭ󹫡ȻǿԲ㣬ʥ޻ޣûи֮ģѵ۷塣ȻСȴĸߣе֮ʮˣȻﵽǿ۷λã
˵治ֳ̾һ׿СӣڲѪħĴѪӤ𣿿ǲֶΣ̤۷壬ȴûʲôá֪ΪεѪħǿ۾ֶԸǣȴʼմʥ𣿡
Ϊ̫ҡδ۾ȱˣһ㶣׿૳
ԣȴǵЦСҲǵ;˵ǿߣԽǴڸλԽϧϾסҡ֪֮ԼʥףȴҪȥս۽ףǿҲ
һ׿˼Ҳ΢΢ͷ
ǰҪǵѪħĻԵͻƵ۽ײŵɪһ㰡
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ʱͫһʮģλѾʮռˣλҪһ۲УѪħΪһֱҪս۾֣ɹԭʥħʣӦüʶǡѵûз֣еĹ似ʮ֮УӲǣ𣿡
̲סһ׿´󺧣ô˵ǡ

оâһ涨ʮ۲𣬼ߣҲ޳ͷ֮գضƽ⣬ؼǿҲܹ࣬ƽ⡣ʮƽ⣬һһˣҪʮתӲ
ش˴׿Щʵ߬߬ȭͷ˵ߣ߳ɾֻܵʥ
Ҳδأ
ҡҡͷ浭Ϸո˵Ҫһһ档ʵҪ̤۷壬ع߾硣ֻǴ֮ʮ֮У޷ѡʮ֮ĵͳ˵ѣ˽۾ʸȻһȻһ䣬⡣
ԵѪħս۾֣ΪԼѪ֮ĵͳܹΪµĵͳʮ֮һʹڣѪӦýѪħǾµħעʥߣѽλ˵ѪӤҲֶֻΣȴԶԶﲻʮƿ֮ģ
׿Ȼͷ겻ѡ
ѹôϹʮ֮⣬޵۾ֳ֣ԭҪô߰ûʮǶռλҲҪһΪ棬ʸʶ۾
һ⹦磬ûʸˡԼʦԬϿһϧܲȲ˵ʾһΪϲȥ
뵽׿ҡͷ̾۾֮·Ȼѿǳ˿ɼ
ؿһۣ·𿴴˼һЦǺǺǡСӣΪѵ𣿴ˣʮۺʥ˵۾Ѿǹȥʽˣûʲô˵ġǣ㵽˵۾Ҳطܵв޷ƿСʮȻ̩ɽϾգпܷȡķաˣǴߵḷ̌Ҳ˺һϵоޱķˣҲǣУ
̲סһ׿ɫأüͷҲĴ𰸡


797 ۼ
ԲΪҪͻƣǾ硣ʥΪҪٽһҪϸǿΪ˺ϹǿսĸԴ
һϬľ⣬治ҧҧǺε¶˳ĺ⣺˶ѰͻƵȴ䷨жۺһޣȴԼĸǱǿۣаģ޳ܵϼһҪûĻ׻Ҳ۶֣
üͷ̲סһ׿һеô׻Ǳ
׽ģ
Цһĵһ뵽ͻƵ۾ķвͬԿͫȻУȻסħѰ˼ţܽﻯ鼺Уش֮ǰһУȡᣬҲٿأ
ԣ׿һݣ΢΢˵ͷžħ󻯾ĹԴˡֻϧħûüѾ֪٣

˵ţŭȵצͣץţɢ͵磺ȻҪȡĴʥ޵ع֮Դͻʥ޵ﵽ߶Σ
ʲôʥ֮һһ׿üͷ΢壬ϸϸ˼ԭ룬뵽ģϹţȻˡ
ûںϹĴĻ׿һˡּһ׹ػ𣬻ʱǼֱȡ
ںϹ֪ǵȷǱʥκһҪǿĴڡ
ڣǸһ־磬ز
ԣȻ˼ȷѡˡܷɹںϣȫͿֶεˣ
΢΢˵ͷһԴʮ۳ֺҲǰˣ˼黫˹ֱΪʮڵǿߴ򽻵ǲŲòƾ֮дԲΪʥ֮ףӦǿߵ̸С˭֪Ȼǵĸ֣ӴˣմȾթ֮
Ϊ˲ںϿԣһ޺ƭ˵ǶԸʮõġһ죬ȻҲûںһ˿òЩʧ֮ûںϣֱʥڣûйһԣգҪǿǵǾ۰æ׵ģ׻ˣ
˵СӲǺΣգ²һ׿ɴ󺧡Ȼɻ󣬵δʲôкǵ飬Ҳ˾衣
ἰĿģ֮ӹͨǵڰô
ƺ׿˼΢΢˰ףİɣϼһﲻСӳ֣Ͼûءؼеһƽ⡣һС˵أھںϣ̫ˡңҲûҵں֮
Ȼص˵ͷ׿ҲףǲСٴһʱҪϼһˡ
ǡǣ˵ĺǾǡﶼףпͫ㣬ܾȵǣ˼Ժͣô˵ڶйͬĵˣ
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һصصͷŵ۵ѣֱش۵Ұģڶ׻˵ĺ׺󣬵Ը߰˭ʥҲһʥ޵Ǽɵġ׻˵ףԻ֮ƣʥµ׶գô¾ûκܹӳĿ֮ͫ⣡
ڲԼˡһȷԼʵҲ͸ʵʩԼļƻˣУ
ǡʲôƤһ׿ƺ뵽Щ̲סʳ
ǻһЦĻȣ治ЦǿͫĴߣͫǿѵ㲻֪𣿡
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ƾմһ磬һжװȥΪף˿˫ͫƺҲе¶˼ɵ֮ɫ½ѣһУͫȡᣬûʲôֱ𡣻߸µǣ½ͻ۾ﵽȨ
飬˵ʥ޲̣༸λ۾֣Ҳ޷ܣǺϹʮ֮Ĵսʼˡǳս½죬һսǧȥͿ̿ǿҲҲû˱ʤգΪֹԼľѧʧûӰʯ¼һСǵ֪Ϣȥ̽ͫ㡣
ܿ죬۱֪һУ߳ŭĴʥ޴׷һ֮ͫףǹ˵ףⷲײ۵ļˡʥޱÿܺ׻ҪǽߵĹôҲ뵽ϣ
쳤ЦȴЦᣬʥ޾ȻһһڴˣѾ˵Ƕֱ谡
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׿һУȴѾȫסˡʥ˶һΪײڣףؼȻɣȴû뵽Ϲʮ֮ףһ֮ͫʥڡ
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˵۲ײ𣿡ͷϿ˿׿Ҳü
ҡҡͷһЦҲⷲ׾һ֮ͫ£һͽѡⷲ׵ѹƻ᲻ʧҲϷܸоǿµڽעڿϷûӳ׺ɱ֮
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оâһ涨ڷף۵粻ѹ˵Ϊ˿츳֣߳ʥĻߺߣ۶µǴҲϻᵽ㳹Ĩɱ˵ףһΣƿߣǲСѣ


798 ͫ
˵׿Ȼ״סˣòŵ⡭ֱ񰡡ѾǼ򵥵һǿߣݵˣ
ߺߣûͣԴط򣡡
Цһܿ̾ⷲڣ۾ͬһƿһСǿͫǿ簡
صͷ׿Ҳһ꣬Ϲʮ۵ûۼ󰡣
˵ֻ֪֮ͨһλǿ֪Ҳطǵ֮
ô棬ҼҲƿռһУ
ţ׿̧׿˿һƬ⣬ĳû˺״ڣҶҪ봳ӦҲǾ֮Ͱɡ֮ûгȥ۷𣿡
΢΢˵޴ԴҲܻ䣬ֱϵ˵ϹʮͬʱʧҲҲʧ಻֪ż㲻ҲشԸɡˣⷲסҲЩϰ΢Ϣںʥһ֣һϾͻᷢ
ǣⷲҲ׼ͽ۹ͬʥͷڷءһ֪ǵϢͻὫʥʳɱǡʥǿܲںڷףͫĽѹǵҲʥĶ֡˵һѣѾշˣ
ʲôݵʥȻ뽣۶˴ɣרǵģӲһ׿󾪳
΢΢˵ͷ浭ǰʮУ֣Ҳ۵ĸ裬кܶʽȴǽͻ׵Ҳ򲻸̤һЩʥغηı䣬ܲ˵ģ
ѹˡ˵ҵĿͫôһӾסʥԭΪˣҶְ׿ȻͷеĺܶɻҲȫ⿪ˡһʥͱʥҲǲ۵Ϣ
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⵹ǣ˵ʵڶһöûУҲץסʹ䣬ϧһֱû
ʲôûôһɽţ޳ˡһ㶣׿һĪ
ЦһȻڣΨһĲˣվǵ۾ȻʵֲףӲơСӣҪ֪ϼһĻʲôǵ֮еĻɽƾϢΣ֮ⷲڣҵҲ򲻿ܣǿ͸ϵϢһҪҲֻǴˣ
ң磬Ѻ֮ô뵽ϼһѲɽڱأνºڣΣյĵطȫĵطϼһҲأ
׿Ȼ˵ͷŸշ֣ԭ׻áҪô˵黫أȻúܡ
ˣȥԹףѾȫ˽ˡϷǰȰնϺЩԭɣҲӦ˰ɣ
ڣ˵Թٴλع⣬֣ѵ
̲סһ׿۾΢΢һ£ʵҧء
ϷոӦ֪ǸʲôˣףǹѺ׿ʢŭ֮»ûҪǵΪʲôΪһǹ⴫𣿿֪Լ⹦Ŀء
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ҲҪˣҷӣΣӺݺݲţ׿ҧڡ
ҡҡԴ治ЦСӣ֪ΪУǲֻͨеͳͫһѧںĿʱڲϸ򣬴꣬һһ˦һʲôãۣܴϢҵ㣡
̲סض˶׿Ȼһͷе¶ְû֮ɫҧضѪ
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ǣףһڵ˲׿ϣʥ޵ͬɫ㣬ϵرɽȥںϣ
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Ҳһ̣һը񷣬ڵȻ졣ڷǲ˼У׿ȫ£ǲ˺ɫ棬\Уͣкɫڲըѡ
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ȵĿռڣǽɫȼգȴΨһأûһӡ˵ɫĻ·ҪУ·ھʲôƵġ
ȴ׿֮ʱ˿̣һĮضŷ޴һ˫Ϊ졣
ͫһƬڵĿնƺкɫĻͬڵıڲը졣ͫǳɫĹ⻷ͫٴͻƣﵽؾ
濴ǰСȴ̲סɪӣ·ڶһϤӰǿˣۡ
ǱȴǸЩǰСӣͫеڻ档Ȼ֪ͫոγɣȻޡ
ǱϾĴʥһ£ȼʥ֮ϣѹ
ֻɫͫԸԷʵͫǿҲӲʲôЧǴӱϣ棬ҲǷǳµģ
ڶЩڣԼķ״и׿ȻôĹ̥ǧټõռھȻһëͷСӵõˣ治֪֪θ롣
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Ȼһըأ׿۷׿һȣ̲סҧҧͫÿֺǻָ糣ǿµͫˣͨͫһѪͫ
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ҡҡͷ׿üͷ壬ȴû˵ʲôȴȻסǰʧ֮£ֻζԸԺۣѰֶο϶С
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Դһȣ嶯֮£ȫĴʥħ󻯾ȫںϣ͸˫϶սҶһ㡣
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Ǻͷųȥǻû֣ȴǺȻ֣ڱۺϣγµʥĴԴԴϹɣһȻǣһ𣬸޷ȫϴ˫ᣬʱȫͬ
ɰŻˣⲻԷ
ҶؼʱͻȻ뵽˿ͫķһ֣ſһУ
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Ҳǲɾڵأ׿ͷģŲϡ
η۶׿һһȣסˣֹ֣ͣһĮõʲô˭ҪǶˣҲ䣿ߣ˵ǲֵĻǼ⣬ʵش󣬾ϸӹܹԶԶ
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үһЦƨߵߵǸ¥ȥ˿ûʶΪ׿ŰӳģģȻҲûа֮ģ
νġܺӰ
׿ૣЦһһ˦ǰ˵̫ӵһԣյֻص˺ߣźһС
ذ˿һУȴȻȫˡ
׿ǲ֣Į˭һ֣㱬˭ǲ𰡡ǿ̫ĿȫǵӣǶЩΪ˸У˭˭ˣ콵ôɷǣֶҲ̫˰ɣרϴж˧簡
Ǻܿ죬Ƕ˱ַӦãǴˣ
ذ磬Ǽͦվ׿̫ӣȮֵĵˣ뿪ɡȻȮָ붯Ӳˣ
һҲǿ׿ֿذ磬Ǽᶨ磬ҪǺ͵Ҳһ߰ɣѾݲˣ
Ҳ밡Ǹһ걨Ҳӵİذһ̾üͷ
ҲֳݣյصԴ
ƳǶһۣ׿ƺ뵽ʲô°㣬ЦһĵսҲΪҶô˵ͷϴǺǺǡ
Ļñ˴˶һۣҲͬص˵ͷ
λԪ˧֮һֱƳ磬ǰսʤս⣬ǹֱǲġ
׿Һ͸׶һŮҾϴߣذμһ˿Ѫɣ
һҪ澰أ
ذֿٴο׿ȴǱ׿ܾҾܾɻ⣬һ飬Цá
磬ѵһνĻ裬ܱԼ𣿡
裿üͷһ׿¶֮ɫѵ澰ֻǻ
ʱûйؼһЦȴǶȻ쳹ϣ̫ӸܣôףǰЩϼһ棬Ķţ
˵ţƿ죬ŵǿǶȻգŵϵӰҲǰ
ˣ̫ӸľŴ󹩷ˣǶհ˾صĸ֣˻۷ǿߣ߲ˣ´󺧣ذ羪г
Ҳأ˫ȭǽŵؾ˺ˮֻ׿üͷţɫȴΪŸͷǸоԼƺҴˡ


811 
ಣ
Ÿͷ£һؿˡһ׷ͯգǿǰһбǣߣȻ̫ӸңǼֱˡˣ̫ӵأ

²һͣذû˵ֻһƵؿǣ亹Ȳ˵ˣΪˣѿ۷壬Ѿֻ̤뻯龳Ĵڰ
Ҳһ꣬Ļ֣Ϊ۹۷崫˵һǿߣ
ĸ֣˽ǲҲѷˡһˣذ±̲ס̾һȴǳ˱Ĺȵס
治֪׿ͻȻ֣һǲң
˵ΪԵʣ̫޷ǿռˣ˵ңȴҲΪĳ֣ذμɵر㷸Ű̫ӵͬ췴ȴҲûκλ·ˡ
ذƺҲգ˫۲ؿһü˼ȴ·ûʶΣմ׿һۣһ̾
Ϸǣ̫ӵأûһ˿ڣ߲ٴδһ
͵һذɫѣ֪˵á
ǻûڣذȴһĮָָ̫ӵµĵط̫֪ǻϲϵã
ʲôǡ̫ӣ
һ㶣ǸȻڵϣĿģӰȥȴȫסˡ
û뵽ϻΣӢ̫үʱ˿̾⸱ģ۾׵ĸͷᵽ̫ƽ󣬾ڽ׵Ҳȫûˡ
ذָϵĻǻûʶ̫ү
ɵ˰룬Ϊ߲ź÷Ӧû̫ӵϢôᡭô˵ң̫˳ģֱˣ
ৣ
ŭֱǰϼһһŭؿˣҧгݵ˵˭ɵģϷͰƤǣ֮أ
Ϣһͣذ˱ǿѹü´󺧣ֻ׿ƺǳԼ˼У·û˰㣬һԣ
ˣλһжҶ𣬲˵£ҪɱɱҺˣãǿǹѹг
ذһɼã㡭
ˣ磡
ȻĻû˵ڣǴкһ˿ݣЦȷȫģûд˳˵ջˮǰһǳᵽˡûңذμᱻƵ㾳أһжҶҲҶա
Ļ˵ҲȫǾ֮ɫذüͷͶ˫ȭҲݺݵزҧгݣȴûа취
ףҪԼƽϢⳡɸ꣬һжذμ壬ѾˣֻڸԼֳ׿ˣȡһҪǶҴŴ󹩷˵ء
ǡΪֳԼӵǰ桭
̲ͫסݺذͻÿ׿ŭ׿˵ԼµĻһŮΪ㶥㻹𣿡
磡һгȻ˽ˣΪλҪǣ׿
ذҲǼᶨ񣬾Ǿ֮ɫ̫ӲС£ͬıɱҪԱ췴֮Ĵ·һˡҲֻ׿棬ܵҲɵġ
Ҳ󣬾λע⵽׿ǰ׿һֱһﲻ˶ˡ
һ˵ʱһݡ
հؾȷ൱ǿʵ˰
۾΢΢һУΪ߿׿аһЦԭˣǸ̫ӸģǺǺǡոϷŮأǰȥﱨŵ˵ǿˣ̫ӸܵСôһСŮޣô̫Ӹ޲ߣհصʵһоͶ˵ͨˡǾŸϼһҪǲֵĻ̫Ӹڵȷûκε㣬ǺǺǡ
Ĭ׿һֱû˵ü˼
Ϊ֮˼ˣΪˣӳЦϷ֪̫Ӹжԭ˰һҲѹ֣հǿߣǾˣһ֮µʵҲǲˣеӣҲӦΣͷһŮӳȴ̫˰ɣ
һЦҲһĵشЦ׿û˵·ȫû㡣
׿ѩˣ
ȻڴʱһϲĽԶԶү˷֮ɫһСܵ׿ﱼ
׿ҲǷ·˰㣬죬ȴǲûпǾŸͷǽүٱӰߴٵˣϽҰѩȥҵҪ澰ʲô

ЦȻֹŸͷŶڻϣȴȫûпһۣԹԵں߽һſѩ׵ӵ۲źĶͷأñ봹һԴĺߣ
ѾѾ˸޵ģϷ˻ŻˣȻȫûҵȷﰡʵ̫Ŀˣֱд
أСӣΪհؾʵȮֺˡ̫ӸϷŽųȥ
ү˵澰ֻǻ裿ǲ̫ͨˣ
š׿ģ澰һ棬⣬ֵĹˣһʧģٺٺ١
ŶҾͷˣȿһɡ
׿׿ȴһֱߵү̽ź澰֮£ȫûпһۣһԡ
ӣӣ
̲סݺһ飬÷ζըˣȳˣҰװƲҪĳС£ϷҪƤ
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λһȣ͵׿˹ȥǿֱֱѹȥɭɱ⣬ʱ
ˣ󾪣׿Сģ
ѽɱ̫أĶҪŵòˣүҲǶپһ󾪣˳
Ƥ̲סһ׿ɫ˲Ȼ͵ŤͷȥȴöȻ嵽ǰǰǿߣϼһ;

һǿ綸Ȼϯʱ㴩ǰߵӡ
ͫһգǰлûüӦô£˲ûϢͨͨص˵ϣӽӲ
һذˣһУȴشסˡ
⡭ô£
飡
Ȼڴʱһ춯ǰǸΪ׵ߣҲ̲ס˫һʱͨһ¹˵ϣͷңǸոǹ紵£ɫɷףн޾Ŀ־壬촽૵ܣǡǿߣ
ûпһۣ׿תͷȥ棬·ǰʲô¶û㣬ʵүû˵ˣ澰ܿᷢɣ
ţˣүҲǵͷЦ
˷·;İ㣬һƬƽΧҲһƬƽ
ֻذ硢ˣ׿ȻԵõıӰȴĵ𺧡
СӡǰΪ˸µĹﰡ
ذζӳ£ΡΡš


812 
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һӺƽĺ濪ʼЩɫѩƯ֮ǹཹཱུݡÿһ󱬿Ǹطѩӱʧһ㡣
һεĲҲϿʼ
ͫһ׿ȥȴˮɢһĻ䣬Ǵˮ׸ʼںϣӭĵ⣬ƫƫ
һ䣬䡭䣬䣬һǧ使εʻƽĺϣˡ
׿Ƥ΢ת׾ؿһԵү΢΢üүΪ⣬Цô׿ɣٺٺ١
΢΢˵ͷ׿üͷ΢塣
ȷֻһʻԣΪ棬Ʒйءһǧ䣬ʽĻܣ棬ԣЩˡ
׾ʲôִܳ˵ѵ˵طѨ֮أ
ţ׿ֿүʵˣո˵ֹǻ裬бģʲô
ٺٺ١Ǿǡ
һЦү׿üľ괺׿Ҳûɣ
ľ
üͷһ壬׿дźɡ
˼үʱһһǱͷ̫ǰֳָָɵĲϣ˿ľҲǱ˿ľ˰ɣ
˵ţүץһѩӣȻ߿һףȳ԰ɣӣ
飡
ģһ춸Ȼƽĺ澹رըţһˮأȻɳϮǿӣȫ˽ȥȻһֺȻһƽĺ㾧Ө˻
ǣ֮ȴһƬĽɫ㡣ԡ֮£̫Ȼͷۿɼٶڻָݶ˲䳤ˡ
ڲԶûбЩϴֻ΢մһذ磬һҲȫˡ
ⲻ׿һ棬°ͣٻָ֮ҵĻ࣬Чǿ
׿ôɣ
үüЦ̫Ҳ͵վһӵؿ׿ȥȴǲ˵κһ仰
΢΢˵ͷ׿˵һ̤˲̫ǰһץԴٴˤʯͷϣһνײ˸ͷ󣬲Űڵϲˡ
ΪΪʲô̫ᣬֻܻѪٴײϵʵûʲôҲû˵ʲôôҪҡ
үҲǺ֣׿һ󲻽⣡
νʼ磬׿Ȼǰ죬Ե徻㡣
Ҳаүһ㶣૳
̫ҲǿſڵϣǱߡǰҲа
ֻذˣؿ׿ĮɫҷһСԽԽ޷ˣҲԽԽˡ
̫ӵ˭˭ˣαͬһħŰҵڶλһɲ
ǣ̫˽϶û̫Щûţͱ˴򵽼Ρ
ûȥ룬׿ֻǾضź棬ٿһǰ˸ո֡ԣɫֻѸˣһЩ˵ҩҪǿö࣬ȴûĹЧϾԪˣЩһȻ͸ˣٸ
ôҪ̽Ѱɫĳˣ
ţ׿̧ұۣɫĹâڷ⣬ʾɭɲ֮
ۣ
ͫһ׿һ˦۰򣬺ݺ洷¡
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ٵأ׿˦һ֮£һѳںпһ㣬ʱһΪ籼ڵҰް㣬˷Ƶܾκ˵ط˲㷭˰֮ߡ
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׿ǸʲôһүˣΪ𶯶ϸ߿գٿ׿ɵ
һЦ׿ҿʲô
ʲôûУ̾˿ү૵Դӷһ澰Ҵȥ̽ˣʲôûУ
мƲƲ죬׿棬ȴһȻ֮ɫ̽鲻Ķ׿зΪһйŹ֣
۾΢΢һУ׿Ԫ񸲸ףÿһ䣬ȴʲôҲû֡
ѵʲôûУ
ȻԼɻʱ̵һ죬һΪϸĿռ䲨ȴǶȻһɢ
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ˣ
ǵٴγ֣׿˼ͻͫһ֮ͫУɫĹ⻷Ȼ֡
ͫأ
飡
һ죬·ʲôײǽһ㣬׿ǻаĻȣִһָǰʱһεĲȻһŰƴСν磬ǰǽ֮УһָСĽɫСˣϻһεĳڲͣȶţ֮
Щѩӣһŵؿ׿㷲ѡ
ףʲôүˣҲһ棬̲סǰ汦㾪
Цһ׿ĵ飬Ѫ࣬ĸԡֻľľ֮˶׹ǡȻսʱòߣԷҲǲģٱȿĵҩҪǿˣ
գգ۾үƶǶһⶫʮ
⻨˴ȻĳȻ֮УʵǿĸҲѲ˵ǴסˡϧҵĿͫأһԼĽ硣ֻҪȷλ壬СһͻײҵǹϣǺǺǡ
ǻУ׿һаЦ˵ǲǣС
ŤҪ룬ûã׿ץúܽŤûʲôãε̾˵ֿ
䣡
ǰɵϵĺˮ¡죬׿ȴڿһֻۣץŻ飬Ȼתȥ
үˣɾ׿ҪȥĶ
ȥҪҵĵط
ͫһ׿ϲǵĵطȻŨ澰ֵأûʲô˲ģ⻨Ǩ˵ءڣҾСһ·ȥǸطٺٺ١
ԣүȻϽϣ׿Ҳȥ
Ǿȴ˫ֻۣŭؿ׿üͷ壬·ڱʾӾһ㡣
ǺǺǡСһͦиԵģ
ǻаЦݣ׿ضСһǿɫȴǺͫһɫһݺݵʱ򣬸Ҫ۵ġ֪û׼أС
䲻һǻŵͷ󺹣ææصϸСԴȫ¶ʪĸо·һ㡣
ո׿һףᵽˣʲôлϢ
ţ׿Ȼץž뿪Ա߸Сƨ棬үذˣ׿ȴûһ¡
ͬģǸ۷ߣʱ˿̣ѣ·ûӸո׿һɱ˴ֵУع


813 ˿ɵ
Ȼǰûһۣ
ؿ׿ʧӰһʼİˣϣٵ𾪣ٵˣٵ𾪣ٵˡڵŭݺŲС졣
ذ翴һУһЦãæɰ󣬽⿪ҵķӡ
õĴ磡
ʱ·绹ܶأϽߣ⿪Ԫ忪ķӡ
ˣذڻɡ
ҿͷɵط㶣ûӦذæεĻʵ̫ˣǸϽȥ游ףǿԵĻһҪŸһӡ̫ӸȳɲС°׿Сӣһ̬ԼνǻȴǺǣҪ룬˰
磬ô˵
Щһۣһû׿ֵĻҪ̫֣֮֮Ľ붼ˣ
ؿһۣذҲ΢΢ͷû˵СͱĿҲӰǵæǵĻмǣǰ֮£ǻǸϽܰɣ֮ܳ꣡
ص˵Դذһϸ߿գ뿪˴˵ءֻǿŷͷɴ̱ڵأز
󹩷󹩷
ʱһO@ĽŲһ̫Ӹҿ˿սսͷǰš
ͷûзӦ
̾˿ǳĶ䣬󹩷ǹѾˣ
䲻һ߷·Żعҿû׿Ӱǳ³һҪվʱȴǶپһ쬵ĸоˬͷһ֮Ҳһ̲ʪˣ
ۣ
̲סЦһ죬ݺݵһۣһЦ˻ȥ
ȿȿȡС뿪𣿡
뿪ˣ
ˣ
һ˰ɣ
۾΢΢һУߵ˵ͷãΪڲϷ򣿡
Ϊذǡ

Ȼδ䣬һ죬Ǳһƻ˳ȥ˲ûϢ
ؿһۣзźâҧĶ˲ÿģ֪˲֪ģٻȥ𣿺ߣ
˵ţ߼ûˣϽӽָóһˬĿԼʪĿӻˣż̫ǰ𣬹ĵ̫ӵ£ôˣϽԿ˵ҩȣ

˰֣̫зźâҧźҧгݵȥһϣҪΪұ𣡡
˵ͷ߹һݣǣ
˵ţ㱧̫ӵӣֱֱշȥգ۲Ӱ
һ棬һֺԺǰڷһֻצʯʨӣʨǰĸ֣¸ԺͥϷһңذθ֣
ǣլţʱ˿̣ȴúܣ绬ɳ˵
Ǹ֮ۡУʱҲӰȴǵȮִԪ˧ذɽйʦĦɡ
üͷذɽ·ԥʲôȴǺݺһҧʱվȵˣټϷһȥ̫Ӹһ⣡
ȵȣذĪ嶯ȻٲĦæȰ˵
ҡҡͷذɽǽֵܣҶӣȴ̫Ӹ治֪̫ӵҪζ侲
żҲ㶯ó
оâһĦᶨҡԴҪ֪һԵ޹ʶ˾ӣһָ̫Ӹ췴ͳˣʱ˭Ȳ㡣ң涯˾ΣѾسǴ󽫣ǵذԪ˧ˡ̫ӸƣŴ󹩷£֣ȥˣҲռ˱ˣʲôã

ݺݵһӣذɽѣûãϷҲҪƴһѣȻΪ˸
ذ侲
̾һĦ˼ĳҪټ䣬ܹ࣬Ĺһ棿
ҡҡԴذɽֱ̾ûõģϴαѾ½̫ӴٸĻһɴն䣬սս˭ҹأ
ĦҲֹס̾ҡͷ¶̫ӣȷ̫ˣϳ飬ʵ˺İ
ˣү
ģһ촫һѾ߼ܵذɽǰߵС㡭С
Сôˣذɽʱһе
촽΢΢˲ѾίСոհҴΣܳȥˡȥ̫Ӹүȥˣ
Ѿͷⲻ뻢ڣҪ𣿡һͷذɽ󼱣ţ˫ĿһɣȥΧ̫Ӹ
ذ֣򲻿ɣҪ侲
Ϸ侲ˣϷСԶģϷһĦȰȴǱذɽһ֣Ȼܾ
̾ذɽԶȥıӰĦһذɽѵҪһȮ𣿡
΢΢һͣذɽȴطһ˿ᶨصذɽȮԪ˧һΪѡңϷҲκԹԡǡϷҲλװܿԼŮɵꣿ
ĦϷԴͷ߹ҳţҲҪΪƴһõδԹ޻ڣ
䣬ذɽȻٴǰȥܿʧӰĦһ̾Ųȥ
Ԫ˧ȻϣԪ˧
Ժ⣬Ѽһذɽɨһۺ󣬴ȳ
ǣ
һеһ˷֮ɫһֱѹгᣬڿʹʹһսˣȻ̫ӣҲг죡
ΪԪ˧սһҫ
һ£ذɽ
ʱĦ׷˳ذɽȴͷҲصؼǰߣ㲻ȰˣϷѾ
ϷȰģôˣϷһʱȰ˵̫ӵ·ԺãܵĻϷһѹҲˣ
΢΢һذɽؿ˺ĦһۣǴЦã
Ǻ̤ϵĲٴ۾̣ûһײײӰȴǶȻǵߣһǻʹĽ̡
ãѵôͷˣǰֹǳ
һذɽ˱˴˶һۣɫءǻʵ۵ּ⣬ô֤ǰȻдˣѴ粽ֺ
ǣû뵽ǣǽ̼ⷬ龰ȴǴϲذԪ˧ǵ۹սԪ˧㣬Ȼ֪ʹΪѣҪɱԮˣ
ʲôʹΣѣһذɽ˵ס
ڴڵشŴǽһǰүһ˴ʹ˿ɵȻ쵽޹˰


814 ǿʹ
䣡
һĽɽХŷȴһ춯صľзֱʬΡ
Ѫֹס£գ֮䣬ҷ
׿³ȭͷתϽץŵֻ飬Ϻޱ飬·ոֻ˼ֻ㣬ȻߣˣаС
ŵǻΡΡҡҡԴһָһ޴ĹǽΪ׿ָǰķ
䣡
һ췢׿ƺѾ·ˣֱӱǴǹǽмֱֱ˹ȥʱʮɸߵĹǽϿһ޶Ȼ߹
үһȣڶЩɣ׿ǷѾ˼άһͷҰްֱײ
νϱû·һŲȳһ·
κ˸ҵǰ촦³ʱ˿̣׿Ȼû˵ĴڣֻҪϰķֱ
ү׿Ҳʵ̫ˣʳǽذôӲ˵ɱˣɱʵǿţƺ䣬˭û¡Ҫ۶㰡˻ƨˣʱԴ
Ľ𲻻λ龰һŵÿ޳ˣæүȰɡ
һ·׷׿˵ĽŲģ̫Ӹ׷ʹԺÿһδﵽֳĿȴȫһƬǽ壬θĿ׿ĺףΪӵǰ;
үñ»ûзһǰǸϽ룬Ʋϵպ˵вģְ֮
üͷ΢΢һ壬үϸϸ˼ȴͫһɣŭߣ׿Ǳ˵ҪҵҵǸһҪ˵ȻǶȻҪˣҲҪ׿ۼ֤ɣǣĻ뿪ͺãùң
˷ӣүһ˦ˣæһ·Сܵظ׿ĲЦ׿ȵҡ
ħ֢ħ֢ҡҡԴ𲻻˱˴˶һۣγ̾˼һ󣬻ӲͷƤȥ
ô˵үҲӣǲܲܣ
Ǻ׿޼ɵؿ£ֻӲͷƤΡΡظţΪ鷳һǡ
׿뿪Ǹô찡
үȴ·ȱҰ㣬˿һ㣬ֻһƤЦں׺ţȥνӡ
£˾Ѿǧ׾룬ٻرܣ
£˾Ȼ˰ˣٱѣ

һž׵С԰ڣʱ˿ȴǳ˽աǻһϢһﲻͬݣ죬ǵͨ죬һֽ֮ɫ
ݣҲǴһ¡ǵͣǵסˣɣ
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˶в⣬ǸŻۣӵĻʵۣҲǳü壬ȹϵϰ㣬ı治֪·Ŀŵı
Ҫ֪Ȯֵ۹ԦŵģԷ㲻ȮַҲÿԦڵɣôᡭ
䣡
ǻʵǲʱһڶ߷ǰ׿⣬һǧ׵СɽǺȻ鿪
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ʣ˵ʲôأֲҪ췴ҲûҪĻλĴǶ;ͺˡݣû¶ͷذ˰֣үη۶ίһ
һ㶣ʵЩԣ췴һ·ʹ
ܹ𣿡
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䣬һƿذɽ˺Ժ䣬ذΧһ׿ǰΧڵУϽս⡣
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һͷҪϡڴʱһȴٴ𣺡
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ذɽˣһϲе硭ǡ
ףȱ˵ˣϽа£òµģͽæذɽߣذ缱ҲһɫصԴ
ʶ׿ǿʮ׿սƴذμҵļҵףҲûʲôã
ذɽˣȴ´󺧣ذμ˾֮ңŮСսǵ֮ˡ
δ֣ǱȰԼ£ô˾ǺηʥȻԾԼ˧Գ֣Ҳûаʤ
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ȥҲ̲סʧɫǲˣ׿ûٳԿ
϶֣˵η壬̲ס΢΢Ų
׿ûпһۣĬĬǻʵȴǾذԪ˧ʶ
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ʵȴһе˵ǰǰսĵڶս񣿿ǡôȮ֣ĪǡǶԷ̽ӣ
һذξ˲һһ飬һؿԼĻʵۡ
£˭ɴԪ˧Ե̽ӵģ


815 ͨ
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ʧЦһذɽҡҡͷٴת׿ȵ׿վǿȮֻʳǣϷΪسǴ󽫣վҪá
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Ȼѻ˵꣬һǼһ㶣ذɽת׿ȥȴԼĶӺŮһߵضֱҡԴ
ףǧܺͿСıǰˣĪ嶯
вЩãذɽɶͷԡôˣһҧʮ¾ǰǲڴָô
ھһˣôˣƣѵòһԪ˧
ףҪ̫УһԪ˧ҲǺһˣ
һֱţذ뷨һֱҡԴذɽҲһ󲻽⣬ʲô˼
ǾڴʱһȴǶȻԿ𣬽ĵӰЦǿ̫Ӹ˿ڴ˴
ϣǴˣ̫ӸǸ󹩷˵̫ӣһᣬȴ˱ȭ
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һЦǳ˫Ŀͨ죬ҧгݣߺߺߡֹǳ𣿵֮Թ

Ȼѻ˵ȥһѸ͵ĺХ֪ܳһ޴ĳצһѺݺݵذȫץУ߸߾
Ҫȴǵʱ֣ȫһһ궼צץڣŲˡ
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Ƴһۣ׿һ˿૳ȻţǾͼнβͣúûȥһһĳ̸£룡

䣬צݺһգ˵ΪһƬѪ꣬ܣڳ˵϶ǡ
ڣ˶û󰧺һȻɢ龳Ҳһͬצˣò
е˿һУȴȻסˡ˭뵽֣һ۷壬˼򵥵أһ
ʱذɽ˿׿ٿ˿ذãȫףΪθոնҪֹˡ
ڵ׿ȻǿĲˣһͨĻֶǵǣôǵɱǿߵ׿أ
Ҳ̲סţһֱڲͣڿ׿Ȼǿ⣬Ǿߵͣ
ǰǵ׿֣Ҳܿ˺սռһ˿ƣȴȫûˡ
ΪǶԣ׿Ѿһȫµľ磬ľͷ
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ڳеˣһηؿ׿㷲龳о൱һĴڣǵġ
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ǰ׿²쿴Щȴ̲סЦԭǸ󷨣ʥʯѹֺѷ֡Ҫʲôأ
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·ʲô˰㣬׿˵ǰͻȻѿţͬӻ㡣ǰһεǽһ󶶶Ȼʱѿʧ
ӳǣСɽһĶѨڲף
ǻˣæǰһָʾǾҪǰ֮
ϻȻЦݣ׿̧ǰһȴطеһ£
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ҪõĶûסлѣЦһ׿˿Ϊ⣬̧һǰȥ
ţүҲҪȥʵ۵ȴٴ𣺡Сӣ
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ȻһЦүͻһ⣬ĵȮֵĳ裬Ҳǻĳ衣߲нҿһ죬ֻûңû˸ҽңţ׿ǸԸҿһеˣ˫ϣӢˣЩαӣȫͬ
䣬үҲһȥ
ʵһҪֹȴȻˣֻΰ̾ر۾
ذɽһԿãһ󲻽⣬ɵ£澿ǺεأΪΡ
ذԪ˧ǻزĻ͸Ͻܰɣһڵġγ̾һʵûлش⣬ֹֻסҧԴ
ⲻذɽɻǡ˭
ৣ
ȻڴʱһӰذʱҲ˽ȥذˣæ׷ϣҲȥ
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һ棬׿ֱ䵽ףһȴһǰѡǻ龶ָָǰ׿Ȼ΢΢ͷǰȥ
ȴͷһƬ죬ҽУҡҡͷ׿Ƽÿλã죬Ӱصˤڵأƨɶˤˣȴү˸ŵˡ


816 Ԧ
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һЦүÿɷ񣺡ٺٺ١׿˵ҵҪҵĶܰ;ϰ
·ˣһԼҵģ׿
üͷ׿Ѿ̫ӣո˵ƺʲôȮд󺦵ĶҪԭ£
ⶫȻӡ˵ܴ˵ģԼСƳһۣ׿ת׿ˣذ磬ʵǸʲôģ
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ţУףϽǻȥɣ΢΢˵ͷ׿ֱǰȥ
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ذһֱüͷ̧׿˿Ǹ߲ʵңңڣⶴжƺ޷Уոտɰˤˣ
ǰף׿ôûˤү˵ͷһɵÿ׿ʵ
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ٺٺ١Ҳû£׿ڣôܻأʱүƤһЦ
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һͣүӲӵԴһԦȮֻţûԦڵ£˺ǣô˵Ҳţý
ǰԦˣ˵ⷢصݡԪ˧Ҿ죬ǸøӰɡذҲ΢΢ͷ
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΢΢һͣ׿ƺ֮вƮһ˿˸У̾ǼٵģҸͬھˣʱվǰģǺˣ
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Ȼһдɽ׿һ࿴˿תǰȥǴǰ洫ġ
ܿ죬˱ɽľͷһʯڲࡣһʯŷ϶ϣȴ¶˻Ƶ⣬ĽǴ洫ͬʱţƵĴ
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һʮֱǸؿ׿һۣԼűԷֵġ׿ȴ˿Ϊ⣬̧һߣͽʯ߿˽ȥĵֵܣ⣡
ôĵӣʲôˣҴϷͫһɣӴȳ
ոŮӣڴϣмƳˡ
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ԦڵôʲôأǳŨΪʺģ
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Цúܲ׿ҲЦεǰǾġȻˣǰܸܲǣǿںηλ
ߣûʸ֪ģһЦ˵ͫһһȣϱشܳһͷӿıӣֱֱ׿ȥҴԦڣȥɣ

вһ˿â׿Ҳأسһֻצ͵Ǳȥֻգ֮䣬һ죬Ǳӱʱһצĳɷ飬ɢӰ٣
̲סһһȻؿ׿¶֮ɫ㡭㾿Ǻηʥ
ˡûʸ֪ģ΢΢һ̣׿¶һаЦݣ
ͨ
ֱֱصȥ˫ĿԲȴĿҲŪ壬һհصСӣôܻ˲ɱأ

ʱϵǸŮˣӵµʬ壬Ҳ̲סг
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬һӰһǺݺһƻŮϡŮһ۶ʱҲûϢȥ
ۿȥȴǳ֮ˣǱˣȴүɡ
ֻǴʱ˿̣һֵүȴۺޣ˫Ŀͨ죬ҲҧһΪŭֹסزš


817 ֮
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δүʧ̬ذ˴˶һۣЩɻһؿ׿ѯʳ
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һ㶣ԣæϣʵ׿ǲ֪ʲô
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үղΪͻȻ֣
ΪڰɣԼɫɱ䣬׿ǰšˣһ죬յض˶š
ʱүҲʱָƽϸֻɫȴǰˣñ׿صöࡣ
һ֣ҪѯʣȴǱذקסҡҡԴ
˭óһ飬ǹɫ֪һǺ顣ˣ˼ҲԸش𣬻粻ʵĺãô˼еĴ̣
ǺзźɣȴֻܱڶǰС
ܿ죬˱ľͷһڵʯڣǰ·ԡһû·ˣ
ǺǺǣ׳աû·ĻոһһŮķңｨһ䣬˵ǳ֮أ·Цһ׿ҡͷ
Ѿͷ֮ǰ˰ɣʵ̫Լˣ
Բŭؿ㡭
ûٿһۣ׿ظʯڣ֪һ£΢̣ͷһŷ磬ħڵһ޶ûбڶ־Ļ˿ǺѴȥģ
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΢΢׿ûпһۣȴĵ㵹Ǻܿ϶Ԧڵĵؽ簡
Ǹո˵ģиոǸˡһͣүת׿׿̲סЦһ
ǻһϷŰĻȣ׿ոǲµģǸֻ˵Ԧڵˣɲû˵Ԧڣ
Ҳǲµģүӻ
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Ȼүһͣؿ׿ȴ֧˵ˡú֣һ·ϲ׿һֱҪǰߣƺʲôô
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ֻүԼף׿⣬Ȼʲô˰ɡǺүʧЦһ׿׿ҪҵĶģһΪ׼ҪͼҪطͻطһжģ
һûʲôǿд鷳ط𣿡
üͷ̲סݺݶү˼Ǻݺһͷᶨһ׿Ϊ׼ķ˿ΪԹ޻ڣ
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Ԧڵؽˣ
ǻһаĻȣ׿̤Ǹ󶴣ȻԵõƬɽ֮ЦҲԣطѨıأǼף֮˿ӵе˵ģҲֻţԣ뵽Ȯ֣һҪҵĵطԦڲŶԣǺǺǡ
׿¶ЦݣǸæϣƬɽ֮У汦㣬ҿš

Ȼʱһ췢ֻʮɸߵľޣ͵һ̤أǰצ˻ϣ
һһɫ৵һ¾ͱɷе߼ޣֻ
ԦԦ֮ݣȮҲѧϰԦ޹ȴر֮ˣ㽵ޣҲܽ߼޵ľء
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һ˿׿񣬵ʱˡ
ǰ׿ֻ޶ѣСӾȻֱܽˡѾѾ޵ģѧԦ֮ǱԦڴĶţƵöࡣ
׿ԼҲǲ㶣ȷ˾µģû뵽ֱʧȥʶˡ׵ĵȼȷʥ֮ϣЧǰǿöˡ
ţ׿ЦһȻؼǰ
ӽ֮ˡ
ͬһʱ䣬һɫĴڣһλɫ΢׵ˣλ֮ϡԽЩ׷ߣǿϢֹסɢһǻǿߡ
е΢΢˻Σüͷ΢壬ҡͷ̾ǰ߳ԽаһǧʥʯȻ׬Ȼɳʮ鳤ǰȥսˣĴսϣռֱˡ⵹ãľˣ˵ô죿
üͷţһϼһҡͷ
սͻͽûǻԮ⿿սȻʮλǿǿ
ʱһϷȡʤһսǰȥУ

Ȼ䣬һطһں󺺷ŭվߣɱɳȥЩϹкܶѾˣһȥҪ۽
ǻںŵȨݣаҪѳŵЩϵʵֻǵֶѡХҲĿȵֵԲŰۻ𡣿ڲ飬ʲôϵǱˣǰĲʹѵ˽ƻˣˡϴǱ˴Ƭֵʹǽ붼һϣѵǻҪص𣿡
ǰǰ
˵ǵǻǾ˳á
ĻҲ΢΢ͷʾͬ
ɫ֪ǺáǽǰߵٻȥԮأֱǰ˵˰ɣѰ
ǣԾʱһȴǶȻŵĽ䡭


818 ޼
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ãƿ˻ڴ󣡡̲ͫסһʧɫеλϣ汾һȥǺ˴󵨣ǿԦڣ
Ӳ΢΢һ빪һݣǣ
Ǻһǰȥ˲ֱǽϣգҲʧӰ
ոջһƬĴ˲˳š
վס
һ棬׿ԦڣٴеĻָ·Ȼҡڵָķȥǽ׺ţҿ¾֣ɿ׿һ۹εӣȴֿЦá
磬͵͵˼ҵؽģûʲôóְҵôҡڣԼ԰һ˼Ҳ֪ǿİ
ΧֱĳЩ߼޵ûӦۻ治ԸĴү棬̫ҫˣ类֣
ȻõĲ黵飬׿˻û߼رĳԦڵĵŭ󵨿ͽҴԦڵؽ硣˵Ǿʲôˣ
Ӳһ˺ĸæ׿󣬲ҳ
׿ν̧ƳƳ˺Ȼǲ֪ôﻹң
ʲôʱ֪ˣһ㶣ԡ
ָָԼıӣ׿ǸողǽҴ󵨿ͽ𣬶ԣӾǴ󵨿ͽ
ۣ
̲סЦһʱס졣ñӶˣһˣǣ
˵ţһӱ͵׿ȥȫƴšӼ׿ȴÿһۣʱһ̧֣һȭ

ӣ˲仯Ϊһ̲Ѫɢˡ
̲ͫסһһ´󺧣ȥŸոշ֣׿հؾʵؾѣȫǵз֡
Ҳûоʹ̧һӣһ̶һֻ߶೤ȫķӥ㶸Ȼǰ
ޣӥüͷһг
ЦӵޣǾ벻ԦڵĵӣɲʵԼϣӳʵڣհߣҲ

ȻĻδ䣬һֻӥƤһʱɵ˹ȥͨһˤ˵ϡĶ棬׿֮ͫУɫһţ

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ǣιȥˣֻϼһӢˬͣȴû֡

Ƥ̲ס΢΢˳飬˶һȴ̾˿ȻҲŲˡ
Щӣ̲ס͵Ц
ղ΢죬ҿΣüͷĸˡ
ô£ѵԦΪޣʧ˵Ļ˺ܾܿרԦڶģ׼ôһ׹İ취Ըǡ
ȻҲ֪ʲôԵʡ


819 
ϼһţţƤ˰ɣ
˰ŲԼޣһ̲סЦЦղŻ˵ҪһСһԼ趼⣬ᣬȴٿʼɣ
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ŵЦݣҲ˦һӣʱָ׿ȳƱС׼
ˣ
ռָУһ𶯣Ǻܿ𶯱ʧˡ
һľ
Ǹͷһֱ׿ͣ·Ӳһ㣬ȴëûų
ǰǸͷˣʱЦٺٺ١ȻϷţ϶ϰҲôôǹؼʱӣ
˫ղһ죬ߺݺŭһۣȴǱҭ˵
֮ԽԽ֣æ೤ϵҲԣô£
Ǻ˶ʼƴغԼޣǳսȴûһɹġеͷͣ˦ԼĴָԼ˦
ûãûһֻԼ˵ȫڽָ¶ͷ
龰˵϶һƬ֮ɫš
ʹսԦڵľǵ޲˵Ļжһ첲ԦڵһʵҲͷˡ
Խճֵ󲻽ž֣֮
һϣһǵ
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ǺǺǡʵҲܼ򵥣
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˵СӲĳƵ֮
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Դ׿аЦ֪һܰɣϧҲҵܣûɸ㡣ʲôˡ
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ˣЦһǺǺǡԭֻ֪һأȴ֪鰡Ҳνڴû㣬ôڣҲ뿪ˣ
Ŷôţüͷһ׿Ц
һЦʱ¶֮ɫСӣ̫˰ɡƵǵԦ֮Ϊһõţû޸ô˵ǿҲгٵĻأ
٣ڣ˲٣ǿӦ΢΢һ̣׿ÿɷ֪˵ʲôáⷬҵﷴе˲٣ǺǺǡ
Ƥ̲סݺݳ˳飬ŭСӣհضѣƲǣˣҰСӻ׽ҪǰƤ֪СԦڵ³
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ݣ
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е˶ף˶ףֻһ㣬߲ƣ
۾Уƽö׿׿˫ȫ֮Ϸûأ벻ԼˡߺߺߡûҪ벻ԦԽˣҲⰡֱο˫ϱڵӵ֮飡
ǰڶûɱңڵףкʸҪҵüͷһƣ׿Ц
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׿ԴȴǲмһˣǻаЦݣ΢̤ǲ˷˲ǰߣЩһ
һ㶣Щϻԣʱһâ׿ﲻ֪ʱһѺɫĳһ


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üͷݺݵضţԦһ׿һָһϣȺսҧ

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̲ͫסһ˽´󺧣æʹԼͣ棬ϰһͣô
һ棬׿ȴһЦħȥ
һ̤һɫ׿˲Щ֮У翳в˰ո
ЩҪһգ۵ĹսȦ֮ززЩҪ׷һ棬ٴΰǵ
Ǻ׿һһãϵ޼䡣
𣬱ǿ׿壬ٶڳˡֻһӰոʮҪΧǽ³ĽȴǽΧȦϣ
׿һһڳٸֳַһһ飬ȫβս¾
ֻգ۹ǰٸһٶ֣ȴֻܸɿţȻ׿ɱ
һУ˶ɵˣһԼϵĴ򷨣ȴٶŪڹ֮䡣
˵ǰλʹǺ似Ļ׿һһսȺۣȫǿսжȣ޼䣡
ֻٶòһˣ۽ȴ̫˵㡣ֻԦЩӿбݡʧ䡢ö޳ˡ
ô۸˵İһ˴٣Űˣ𡭡


821 Ԩ

һҽ쳹׿ħͬһֻոĶħ㣬׷ԦڵĻ־ҿһֱǿùǺҪַȴǱĵһһֿȴ̡
ʱ˿̣Ǿ񱻰ֽŵľˣƾһСһذףһȴΪ˶ƣȫֲ
˭˼Ⱥأ
˵ϣΣֻܿ׿±ĴԦڵĸһһɱȴ֪ΰǺá
׷ʵ̫ǿˣ
Ѿ˲ءʱѣϰٻôȥˡĻȫ𰡣
һϴǰ߾ʧӻ
üͷݺݵضţԦҧгݣ֮ɫΪʲôԦڼȫ֮ȻСò𣿡
ĪСӵȷǿĲˣǳܹ࿹ҡ
ʱһλսԦ֮Ȼڸ٣ֻҪԼ裬ʵͻһսħ֮¡ǣڹؼǣǵȫԷ֪ʲôаŵòҳսˣսԭ򰡣ԡ
üͷһؿһۣɵʲô˵ʲô
ڴ£޷ȫ㳷ˣҲˣԦ
ƨ
ǣ˻û˵꣬ԦǴһţһСǹƥˣܲˣ˵ǲ裬ǻٶŸְѵǰȥô˵ǹɣ
Ӳһ˺̲ס૵ҪΣѵҪѱڳϹ˲Ű𣿡
󰧺ţмѪƮ㣬֫صĳҲ˿üα۾
⾿ǺðѵˣټŽһСռţǴȥǻ㣿

Ȼռ䣬֪ʱһߣǵĹâ̶ǶǱԨֻҪݽȥʵߣʬ޴³ǰǶȥȻ󡭡
ǰһʱ˹Ȼص˵ͷЦǺǺǡܺãҪǵĶ츣ôǾϺˡ
ֻǡҪȥиնоâһԦȥ׿޼ɵطɱǧ֮⣬СӰ̽ͷ̽ԵؿһУȴүذˡ
üͷ΢΢壬նҵˣǶǸСһģӦЩ飬ĸһ㣬նأ
һץ˲ˣ

ԣص˵ͷ߶˼䣬Ȼص˵ͷ¶Цݣãİ죡
˹һݣܿȥˡ
ͬʱ׿ɱǷˮ𣬸סʱӦսȫһ¡ڵӯٶѸݣЩֵСΧȦסټǿ꣬ĸ
ôʱ䣬ǰһëûšֻɱ˵ķݶûб
ֻƺǱ׿ˣЩ˲ͽνˣսˣʼˡսȦ㽥Զƫ룬׿ҲԶ׷ȥ
үذöһּ䣬յսȴһ󼤶治ҵżһ֮Ԧڣ˵׿᲻ʹǣ
šԣȷܣذҲǿôˣص˵ͷһֱΪǸʵǿʹıĴԪ˧û뵽ʵǿֵز̶̰갡šصĻҷģٲսˣ
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ȵȣûȡ׿ҪȴȻӰҿȥҲȫˣԴ૵ʵץǣûʲô塣ǿиҲҵ°ɣûҪδǣȥ尡
ӣ׿˼ǾԼ£Լ·Լȥɣ
Ǻ׿ûٿ뿪ķһȻԵõóǸ飬ĸĳأ
Щηؿ׿һۣǻ̧һָ׿һףܵķһô
Ǻ׿Ǹٷȥֻȴûа־˼ֻΪԼĿĶѣ
ৣ
ʱһƬǻԵϣֻи뾶һ׵ʯ̨ΧƵʯ׳
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һߵƴǻ֣⧲£ҲǱүߵһᣬʱ䲻ǻе£
龰˲ʱһ󺧳Сģ


822 ˫ӱ
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˿ǷˣҲ̲סһ龪һ
̵С֣ող㺦ӣ
žһ˷һ¾˦ָүһ⣬ϽǷŭ֮ɫ
ǻһ˿죬үݺݵȴûһ˿ӣֻߺޣ
ؿү֪Ϊʲô߾ȻУһɿ̹ĵĺ⣬̲סʹ˽Сӡ
ΪѾ֣СеķߺޣȫѪ⣬ĳޡǲܾҲ᲻
סˣϾСʣɱã
Ԧһۣ˼ǵ춼ϣһͨ籨ţǵļƻǰ
õģһؿүһۣһ㣬үʱ˵ˣֻзߺɡ
ˣҲ㣬֮ܣ
ˣŷˣȻȥǰ̽һĹ̽ӻСӡСˣ
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΢һͷɢȥֻǼɢǰʮСĵģҪǻһ¡
ȻеΣ˱˴˶һۣüͷԣ׿µװ
ǻ׿ķһƿ׿ϤӰǵʱǰŻңңǣ
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ţͺãҪ׿شغܹϣԦȻдʣȴһʱûתҪ˳µػػȴǵʱһ㶣һͣԵؿ׿˵ʲô룿
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׿磬ոǲǻش̫ˣûӰҪҪٻشһΣ
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һͣ㲻׽֮ˣҲѡ
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Ѱĺܣ棬ֻм֮Եһʶһ칤򣡡Ȼؿ׿ޱ飬жĽ飿ǸңӲҪģĿĶһ£ֻİ˰ɡ
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ԦһѪ˰죬ѹں˵ǧټư°ն
ʵ˼ҸΪⶴ츣ģֱ岻𣬻ôиʲô
һˣ̲סݺԴһ
ϵˣʱ˿ȴĺܣԭˣ׿ʲôλûУȵʸûа
뵽ﾹЩˡദһ·ˣҲ˰ɣѾҲ̫ˣ
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۾΢΢һУ׿ϣһն£һ㽫Ǳն롣ǱǱҲѸٻΪǵ㣬ʧˣ⵹Ǻϡٵ޻갡
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꣬˫ӱݿǴûֹô˽ô߻һʵغ
һЦ׿ΪӼʶ㰡ɽڣ
䣬׿һ̤˲ǰһݺȥ
ͫһ´󺧣ٴһַųһǵǰԼΣ˲ʧ
Цһ׿˿Ϊ⣬̧һžһʱֽǱ飡
һ£ȴǸողͬ˳ǽƣ׿ûסر㽫ħ˻С
أȻ䣬׿һһ°һãѵǵ壿
ΪѾеˣһȥ󣬱̶㣬Ѱγ
ͬʱһƿ죬׿ȻһֻķȣȻߵıϣʱһбһ¾͵ǻС
ۣ
ˮУǻ·ϵĲڲɢȥ׿ȴǺԼȫ±һڵ๸ΧҲڲ³
ҪȴǶپһ·ʲô㣬ڲϽ£
ͷϣԦ˷Цݣ
Сӣˡٺٺ١㲻ҪǵĶ츣ʵ㣬ǡԨ̶ˣʵǿҲû˿ٻų˫һˣɱӳϵĻСӣ͹Թɥ˴ɣ
üͷ΢΢һ׿׿һµ龰ɫҲ̲ס


823 ̶
ཹཹཡ
ڲϵϷţԴ׿̶㷢һݣ̶ͣ汬
ϵƺҲ̶֮ۿɼٶš·һ˵θУڲϵر˵θҺƵġ
ã̶ǿĸʴôȥ˶Ҫûˣ
²һ׿¶еݣһӣҪ̶ȴôҲ
̶ֻкǿĸʴмΪǿ͸
̶һɲǣЩ๸罺ˮһ㣬˲ճסӣѲЩཬҲʱ䣬Ѿ˳Ƥ뵽ĽУرԪзֺ
ҪȴǰʹֻһˮˮƵģͣڣȴûаã
ԦտһУشЦСӣĻˣӹ̶еˣûһأ͹ԹԱ̶еķϣʵҳ̶װɣ

ǣ׿ѵӣҲ´󼱣ſڴУȴΪôҲв
ߣΪӣץס𣿡
Ѿ๸У׿ϸϸ˼ȴһЦԦҸǰֵЩᲢۣҪӵһԦڣûʸ񣡡
䣬˵һ죬һĿռ䲨Ȼɢ
Ԧһɫһ࣬Ȼؿ׿нǽ֮ɫ
ȷ׿ѰֲͬվʱӵԶֵʵĶѰܹ쵽أ
ԣ׿ʵҲʮֿأɸ߹Ҳ͹
ȻԼԨ̶ģǷȫס׿һ㣬ǲܵġ
ǺҲǽ׿ﲻţüͷ壬ʱ˳ֵ׼СӵӳĿܣжûǰ侮ʯȥвӳˣǱŵѣ
ض׿ԦǺˮ
ͫһأλλ
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ռ䲨ԽԽ׿ҲǿʼƺϾҪռλˡԦüͷһ˫ȭ߬𣬼㲻֪׿Ҫʲôʱ׼

Ȼڴʱһ춸÷εĿռ䲨˲䱬ƿ׿֮ͫеĽɫ⻷ҲȻֹʧȥ貵Ĺâ
׿һΪĿͫͷһʧȥЧ
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Ȼ䣬׿ɵˣ˿ڵӣüͷһгؾɻ󣺡ⶫʲôǷײĶѲǡ
أ׿ٴǰԣطѨʥѲʥĶ
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ˣΪԦֻһھʹˡû뵽һܾ̫ڵܾȫ̫ͬǸأʺȴվɭ
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Ҳ˵ཬʵʥҲˡ
һˣ׿¸ǰ̾εҡԴӼ³ȥȴΪ
龰Ԧһ㶣žǴϲ̲סЦСӴţݸ壬ոǶһװƣӸסˡӻΪʲô취û뵽ǳѿ֮簡˵ףҲһˣѵ˱Ԩ̶
ؿ׿û˵һ仰ֻӻڲݣӶ̶֮УʧҲûг
ֻǲðŵݣ׿ڱ̶ܽš

Ŀ棬Ѽ˻Ȼûÿ˵ɫǵͨ죬ͷһ鱬ţҲӯӯ
ཹཹཡཹཡཡ
̶ϵһðţ٣ȫʧ
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ৣ
һƿ𣬴ܵԼ䣬ȻܳһӰȴǸոܵԦڸ߲㡣
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仰˵ڵʧħ⸶ǣ
ҲǵصͷΪȻڴ֮ǰԲ֮գԦÿһε̶ԡ֮ʱҲ֪һԲҫ£ⷽӻữΪһ̶ȪŨǳڴ˾ƽ°빦ҲϴʵĹЧÿǶɴĴӡħڵ̸Уպ󣬱ȥɣ
һȭ˹֮
Сô죿
ʱһһָүǣ
üͷ΢΢һ̣ؿݵһۣȴЦһӻֵȰǴȥģò٣
ǣһȭһ˴ˡ
ţҲ½뿪ֻǰٴת׽ضһƽ̶󣬲ŲЦ׿ΣûУȴԦž﷭ɣǺǺǡ
һЦһʧӰطٴαƽ
ֻ˶뿪ƽ̶Уȴǹཹٴӿݣϣ
ħ󻯾
̶Ѿ̶ףȫ¶ɫӰ׿ȴ˫ۣɵɢڵ壬һ籩ؽ๸ȫڡ
ʶͬЩ๸ռʶҲͻȻ
һȻΪħһʶе๸ҲȫǾϾ£ȻȫʧڵС
أ׿ͬʱ̶ĺ࣬ȫɰٴƵģӿ׿ڣһڶ㣬ף
ħ󻯾ܻΪУǲ֪ʱĺฯʴǿħ۵Ĵħʤһˣߺߺߡ
΢΢һ֣׿˫ػһ⣬аǡ


824 
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Ԧи߲㣬ٴ̶ߣվмǿʯ̨ϣ˿ϾҪ谵ɫǲ¶ڴЦݣ
λڵĳϹǣϾҪԡ֮ʱˣڴ֮ǰǰڵСһɣ
ɨһۣЦһ̧ƳƳһλߵķ
ᣬ̧һӣܿӽү˳ˤǰ
̧үһߺ޵ؿˣЩηضһУ㷡
ذ磬°ûڣ֪ô³Ӧôþ뿪ǣԦ˵УȴǲҲˡ
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ҡҡͷЦһһɲȮֵ߳ܣؼԦڵҲٴ˫ԺУΪţȻ
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ҲǿүһЦǻ֮ɫˣȴһԻʵô°ǸܵʲôΪʲôҪ֪˶ѵºҵĳسҲ

Ȼδ䣬һԵذǴһʹɫȻҲܵһ֪ȴ֪һ㣬Ԧڵļɻ䣬˭֪ܵˣûţЩ࣬Ҳˡ
ҲףΪεʱ˽ط⾹ǸԦйأ
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ݺҧү֮ɫ
ȴһЦתֿգȴһϵգɴ¹⣬ҲƬ֮У

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С椣иˣãٺٺ٣ȥɣ
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ԦһеŮ֮ͽȻ°ӵˣҪҪ
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ЩԦڵĸ߲㣬˿Ϊ⣬׷״Ц
бƳƳǣһѽΡΡڻЦڣΪΪ˻ȨǻѴ´ȥǺǺǡ͸ܵһ˵ʲôʲô˵һˣܳʲô۶ߺߺߣļһ
üͷ̲סݺݲţذˣѣҧгݣȴǺް취
С㱾һаɣǺǺǡǻһаЦݣֻ̧ǲΡΡСϣʱһ˷ܵһ֣˺һ˺¶۵ļ
ⲻƤһ˫ͫбøͨࡣ
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һУۣ˭Ⱦң
СѾͷԦڣΧǱڵˣ˭㣿һЦ
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Σѹͷһ뵽ˣǸףֳ˵֣
ˣȴٴδЦǼ֮ɫѾͷƬӣɵ˰ɣѾȫʬǰۿģȻ㣿ĪǣĹ㲻ɣ
ˣҲǼЦֻһֱţ׿֣дһϣõϣ
˭ҲûзֵǣǱ¹¶峺ˮ̶ʱ˿̣ȴǽȾһīڵɫ󡭡


825 ڶ
ཹཹཡ
һݴˮ´һĺڰϵˮܿ㽫һ̶ˮȾڵɫ
ڿЦˣƺҲڷ˲ԣһָǺ̶ʧɫ㿴̶ˮôֱˣ
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أȻ䣬ǶһţиոΪ׿ϣ֮⣬ٴαΪء
һЦ󺰵׿ԼѾˣ˸ҳ壡

һŭȣгڣֱֱڵͻΧҲһͨ㣬мܲסڵĵˣһʹͻư
ͫ΢΢˲һУ¶˷ܵЦݡ
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ôܣȻǹ̶һԼ棬ˣ֪û̶ܴ
Ԧڵ
ʱ׿ϷŰ֮ٴ𣺡ոһˣ˵˫һҪ񣬱ǵڶҪǿڵһꡣ⻯ôܱأǺǺǡΣ̫ˡУòҲı䲻ʲô֮Ҿȥɣħ󻯾
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ڵɫȾ˵ӣ˱һڵĵܣĵҲȫûڰ֮С
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ֻЩԦڵĸ߲㣬ԶʧǻĺڰУΪ׿ϡ


826 ڤ
֨֨֨֨
¹ĺǰУƬǰ쳣ĵ˲ʱðͬƽˮ㣬û˿
ͬƽģˡ
ǰĺɫʧһɲǣĵ¹ҫڸľȻϣ˵вЩ硣·һӴӵãٺĻԽ
ƺʱ˿̣˶Щס˰㣬֪ݾΥƽ

Ȼһ췢һˮȥ峺ˮУ߳һ׳ӣȫ΢΢¡𣬲ʱɫĹâۼ׵Ķһһ֣䲻
ҹҪڵĳӭ·ҹаʵĺڲϵذڶ˵߽˫ͬڣ׵˫ͫʾǸϤò
׿׿
Ƥ΢΢˶ˮ֪ǷǸղܵĪľţʱ˿̣׿ϤӰ翴˾ݰ㣬˿ûԼҵ͵ȥݺݵرסԴؿڣʹ׿㻹ţ̫ˣոˣء
ǰǵȣŮǽϲĦ׿ɫƽ׿һۺ૵ȻҺСٺľ֮УܲҴ·˵

һ㶣΢΢˶ŷ۵գһֱŵȵؿڣ˿ûһ˿ȫǼഥ
Ӧ̧׿ȥʱȴǲŷ֣ʱ˿̵׿һ˿ңͷ⵽ţ

һæŤͷȥһСѺ÷̣Ӳϵزţ΢΢ŭ㡭ôӾˡ
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죬ȴƿԣݺݵûУ
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͵ŤͷƺЩԹ
׿ˣЩĪʲô𣿽ţ´һָָǱ˺ؿڵǴˣ㲻Ҫһ𣿡

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Уֲûϡ𣿡мƲƲ죬׿תϷȥûһۡ
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ЩεԴүЦ׿˫ȫ֪ʲôԭίǻعһʵ棡
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Ϊ͵һˣǺǺǡ
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ףڤʥ׵֮һʥ߶̤ĵؽ硣ڤУŵʮ޸Լҳ걻Թ֣֮γصļ
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һ̲ס˶ŷ֣ԭ׿Ҫնݳڰ
үȴһϲæװ£һֿл׿£Ȯ


827 Ȯ
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дžͼıȨһ񲻴ңĸ۹Σ飬Ӧ֪˫Ժ

һ죬ذɽŭɶһѽԱһʯĳ˷飬
ǶԴ˽飬ʵۺү˴˶һۣȴǿЦҡͷذԪ˧̫ˡ磬ûνаνҲū۷˵Ĺضѣ
ŶǸʧı飬ذɽ⹢ֱӲһһ⡣
׿ȴ΢΢˵ͷ
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ͶˣֻҪԦڻţϼ꣬ı۹ܵ˵𣿡
׿ȻʣذɽȴɫԽأֹס̾Ϣ
˿׿񷣬ЦƺЩ⣬굤һȾʱˡؽ磬˵ײǸȵĵˡʲôʲôȫĹƨЩ飬͵ħжĥԭ˼
үһ·ҵ̫ӸٵʹҲ˼ɣЦ׿кһĹ⣬ү˵һ·ûҵҲȥġΪģҺԦڳͻ
ң
Ȼ׿δ˵꣬үǸæߵͷ׿ᱻá򲻸ֺȻʱ뷨Ҳô˫ϼ֪֮ˣضЩαթ֮ԸֻǴһ˿ϣϣܰȮຣˡ
û˼ܹҵҪҵĶҲԸ׿һҪţ˿
ؿһۣ׿Цһ˵ͷ֪һ·Ҷ̽ˣʱҲûԤҵľ⡣ܺãܲ


828 ѱ
ԣүǰһ¶˲õЦݡ
׿ҲЦЦת׼뿪ˣˣҲȥˣǺذɣ
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䱾ˣѹƽ񣬻ѹ壬ѹ壬ѹšؼǿĸ֣ȴɱطأС
ΪܹѹȣֻܲϳԽøǿǿ֮ϡ
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ħڣ
һâһ˴ȳ룬ħΪţȻϳһǧʥǹթһʼǿʲô֪ˣǳûǺ·
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΢΢޳ҲǺĵ̫ãͽ޹Ĳ˰ɡǺ󷽳ʲô⣡
һâ޳ƺȻµʲôæˣȥȮִ̽ʲô飬
ǣһ˸߲ҵˡ
ƺҲǳƺ˲٣չһӣĴ⣬ĵսСˣڽˡħս֮ĲԷͻȻһ񣬵׿֮鱣Ӱ
ܰй׿ܼҵ֮ϰԣ޳ȴǲҡҡԴʧЦ
ؿһۣƺȴǲÿɷ񣺡Ͻ˵ԴҪ𾴡ڱӣ׿籣ӣһǵıӻġ
ţҪ׿ܼĻħѾģΪǳͷ󻼡㿴
üͷһƺ޳һۣȴЦҡҡԴ㰡ǺǺǡ


829 ٷħ
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һЦ׿ٴӡ
ӡǰһȴȫͬڵԦλʱԬԴڣֻյ־
һԣֻҪڴ䣬־;ϡҪ˵ĻǺǣǿǸ󹤳̣ʥĶ࣬ûĸܼ飡
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һһصߣôţʲôȥɰ
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º˫Ժͨϡ
λ𾲾λãüͷ壬룬֪˼ʲôǵ·׹ʮŻǿߣȴԦڽĸ߲ǡ
˵һжħڵļƻɫĳ΢΢۾΢飬૳
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ǻճڣŭתǣǣҲʲô˼Լŵ飬ѾƽϢˣǲһô£
ԶԶԣѵ´ٲˣΨΨŵŵͷˣȴŭһݵһۣŶûˣ´Σ
ףǵݷһԣؼ֮£ħڸɵ𣿡
ʱü˼ǰΣǿڵȲ˵ħûʵؼĵ𣿾֮ìܣԲǣݹʶһڹð֮踣ħڣ־˭ɵģһҹ֮䣬ȫһû˿
üͷţҲǳüչѵ˵ǡ

Ȼʱһһ˫Ժżæŵش˽һȴڲϲţҲǾ֮ɫΡΡλ𣬴²ˡݾڣħڣڣȫһ֮ڣˣ
ʲô
͵һվλʧɫ
Щ״ԦˣҲǲɵôסˡôħҲѵ˵£޹أ
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834 С

һԶԶ쳹ÿһ

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üͷһ壬ҶֵؿԶһۣ૳ôλټ˫Ժѵеô
ϸϸ˼Ҷһ̤ţʱͨȥ
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˴˶һۣ̾볤̾ԺҪԶˣ
ʦ㣬ǡ
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ô˵Ļһţǡ뵽һ󺧣üȴǼڰ֣ο̫ģڸǰŲһô֮Уڻ꾳Ҳв٣İɣµġ£ҪúòСݵȶһ𺦰
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뵽бһ󼤶
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ϴҿʲôû˵


835 鸴
ղãģĴ紵ƽĺ棬˿˿ůϢḧһƬԣ⳯ֲҲ
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ǣľУһӰȴԵø䣬·һֻиո㣬ȫɢ˲ĺվں롣
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΢΢һ֣˲Цһ૳ڵĻڽˣȻûԼѰҶˣ
䣬̱͵ط˵ͫкһڵסһ̣֮оҲȼڵĻֻգ֮䣬εձʱտһ׳Ĵ󶴣ʾ˱һľɫ
ЦһȻ˲ȻԵõ߽档ͬʱһ̶ķҲٵش˳ȥ˲ǧ֮⣬鲼ŵÿ䡣
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Ȼڴʱһƿ죬һϤӰȴǵʱǰ׿⣬ԭôŵؽ㲻ҪҸ龳ôߣǹϣ㻯һصʵɣ
΢΢һͣǺͣӰ̧ˣȴǲʧЦҡҡԴ
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Ƥ̲סݺһ飬δ͵һ𣬶پƨɺȷЩʣأߺ޵صͺ׿Ȼ㣬㻹û

üͷһ׿ȴ¶һ󼥷˭֪أҲѾˡ˵ôʹ죬ҾͲʹ찡ƱҪһµ̹
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ӲһͣеĵӲһ㶣ȫһؿδϣȴǳٳٲȥ֡
˵ˣӲôˣǣ֪󣬲м˶֣ҲҪԱߵ˶ʲôʵ
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ݣ
һƿ𣬰ǿѹ٣һ쳣Ӱرδǰһȭ׿
Ƥ΢΢һ׿ۣͬųĹâһȭϡ

һ췢׿ŷ˻ȥֻصԭءˢŵ棬ֱֱʮףŸոͣ
µĵѾһĺۼֻӶȭͷϣҲڲ΢΢š

ʮƿʮǰеϽɢǿơ
˰֣ХƵɫ쳣أݺݵضԶ׿Ӱ¾ˣҪôţ
ף׿ģ
׿ûشһԵδȲشС棬¶ߺ޺͵֮顣ӵİˣ׿ˣ
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ǺǺǡҪؼǣ˶ˣǻһаĻȣ׿ĳ
΢΢һХƽضȴǶȻһЦһû͸飬ȻˣǰЩʱգħںڵĲҰİɡɱڸȣȻǱھٽһذɡΣڻȫ͸ģҲѲ
Ŷô϶üͷһ׿мƲƲ죬Ц


836 ɥ

һ죬Хһ̤Ǻݺ׿ȥӿ۳һȭ͵ɱ˲š
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ʱ¡һ죬δץǷУһֻצشʯ͵س˳һצץδϵԴϡ

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ֻǹ󣬲˫ȭ̲ס߬˫Ŀͨҧгݵغ׿֡


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׿ȴ˿ںؿ¶һ˿аЦݣ֮ɫ

ȻŭģŭͷԣХҲ˲Ͽ׿ʵΣΪڽһȭ󣬻Ȼվ𣬱͵һ̤Ųݺ׿ȥ
ŭһȭǰһӦǱǰǿݺ׿ȥƺһ£Ҫ½䴩һ
׿ɲܣǽضȭȻۣͬǰԵ


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ǣͣӣһ׿Ӱ֮ǰУıȻٴһȭһֱֱı
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һˣХжЩһ֮ȻӶԼţһǰҳĻҲ̫ûˡ

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ǣΪɱʮϼһһҾȭأ
һʱ䣬ϣʧʧ˾ټϿ׿ԼչˣХƤһ飬޳ˡ


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ⲻ׿һ֣λڴ󹩷ǼͷԸ𣬻ľȻﵽ˳費֮
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˿ٽض׿һۣФɽȴǲɵôЦԭˣϼһ֪Ϊ˵ˡȻãõĺܰ


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ϼһԼĵһֱšҲԼĵҲڼţҲţûΪʦκƫسǺǺǡʵĴУ߳Լĵ·ϼһ˵һֻˣĵҲİˣ
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龰ХƵѶܵԶŸ߲㣬һʹȴǲһӪȡ
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ο֪Ϊ֣Եˣ³һħʧЦҡҡԴǰϢ߳ǣǹӦҲ滺һЩɡ
˭֪òƲٹ⣡ɵƲƲ죬Ҷ۳̾һ
бһۣħаЦιȥǣòƲô㣬Ÿʲô
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ôˣһ㶣ҲǼ˹ȥڲ쿴ȴǺһͣҲ˲סˡ
ֻʱ˿̣ڵٻӰ˸ебڴԣ˿˿ѩһ˿Ŵڵ΢磬Ưš


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˵Уɽ֮ھסһֻռޣûκһ߿俹⣬ܴצ
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˴ڣϧȴҲûд
Ǵʱ˿̣һɫ۷Ӱȴһ֮ɫأȥ޶޺ǳ⣬Ҳᡣ
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ļҲ弶ȥˡֱֻ߼ǰ˲׵ɽǣ֪ʲôǿ־壬֮Ѿаȵˣ
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ôʶңüͷһƣ׹ѻһ
ЦҡҡԴǺ˻̧Դ¶ǸϤݣЦô㲻ʶ𣿼ǵҵһδСȥǰأ
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ͫһ׹ѻ㶺󣬱㼱ؽӣ֪׿ݹ٣ʧԶӭˡˡոҲ˵ɽǿңȴ֪׿ˣð֮ˡ
˰֣׿ÿɷЦǺǺǡްҪȥģãȥɣ

һͣ׹ѻԵЩΪѣǸ׿ʮֶԲͻȻãҵʾԺƬ̣׻һ޲
üͷһ׿ؿһۣȴЦ
׹ѻոǻ˵ĹάмȴǼ֮⡣˵ʲô˵׻ޱ㲻㡣֮ǣСı⣬ûףô׽ɽĸ֮豻;޸ˣʲô
ȻڰԼһ·£ǽѣ
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۾΢΢һУ׿һЦ׹ѻǰҲǾɽˣαô⣬ֱӴȥͺˣ
ɲУɽԼĹأҼˣ˭Ҫͨˣɵüôȥһή𷣵ģ
ҡҡ˶ͷ׹ѻϣ
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿̾һһһأҪѶٹϼһﻹҪңɣȥ˵ҽٳȥģΣ
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һ׹ѻؿ׿һۣȴ̲סȻЦе֮ɫΣ
УСô˵ҲǸԴˣô˵ЩûԵĻأþżޣôܱٳֵˣ
һ޵ĻܣϾҲаƾʲôѹƵңֱЦ
Ȼ֪˼׿ȴǲ˵ֻǸһЦ
ЦЦţ׿ɫȴǺһţ֮ͫУɫ׶Ȼ֣ɢϢ

أȻ䣬·һɸɽݺԼıƵġһ¡죬׹ѻ޴һݺ˵ϡмԴĶͷ䣬һȼյףҲֹסض·ھʲôһ㣬˼˸ʧؽ׹ѻڣҲˣ
ֻϸС̲ͫסݺһ׹ѻһȻԸӡ
ˣ֮ʥ֮͵Ļ֮ףȻһ˲䣬ͱ˱ƻڣҲɢôܣ
سǿ֮һôܻᱻ׵ѹƣ
׹ѻֱģֻת׿׿ͫȼյڻʱȴֹסвһ㣬ʱҷֺˣ
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һʱ䣬׹ѻƺȻһУȫֹסز亹ǽȫëͣشŰӣ
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ʱ̣һһޱȻǾ޴ɽ۴ǸϤĶڣһĴ㣬·Ҫһ̽Ƶġ
ΡΡطɵڱϣ׹ѻЩΪѣϾû֪ͨˣͽ˴Ƿ߼ɻġ
Ҳû취˭ǿأ
Ǻڳ˺ðκ׹ѻӲͷƤ֧֧ش󺰳ˣ׿ˣ
ʲôϵˣ
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ģһͨؿ׿һۣʱϲشг̫ˣҪһֱˣ̫ˣеˡ
ʱһˬʵĴЦδ󺺣׿ǰһֹסЦСôпˣҲӸŶϷȥ㰡
ͷˣлص˵ͷ׿۾һУЦ
˵ո˻˵Ŀ׿ȴȻ۵ף˿Ľ֮ɫÿ˵ǲߣôƵء


849 
žһ׿Źͨ׹ѻůƤë·Լҳ㣬Цˣлˣûˣȥɣ

ǰЦݲһͣԺ治΢΢˶ЦҲɢȥ
һ˫ֱֱ׹ѻͫУɢ˱ŭ⡣
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ǾĸȻûͬ⣬ͽһ˴ĸۡңΩǴӣԾѱ䰡
ң׿ҲԽ֮ǽǣ
Ϊ֮龰ܲŭֻ׿ԶǿͣҲûʲôֵ̫飬Ҳ׹ѻΪԼūͣɾˡ
Ǻ׹ѻԽ䣬ڵǳ˳ɱ⡣
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ڶһһŭѲ˰Σ׿֪ʧЦһ֪Ǻ⣬ǽϽͣȻؿڵ
ԣȴǸŭȻκˣһ󸹷̡ӵ£Ӱôžôţƾʲôˣ
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һ˼ؿ׿гСӸո˵ҲҪЩأϷЩʱأ𣿡
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Ϸֻʥ޽ѲԺܶ鶼֮ǰ졣Ե˵Ҫż۴УϷףչΪǵˣǺǺǡȻûϷʧûϿУǾĵĵӡˣϻʲô취𣿡
³һ׿ɫįڣһһ˵
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СӣúûŰɣҲǻᴴһƬأݺݵ׿ļЦ·Ȼʤ
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Ļƾһ˳ɣ鷳ȫԮûҪС߰¡ǽϷúõ̰ɡ˵Ժʥ֣Ҫ֮۾΢΢һУ
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һͨԣ¶ɻ֮ɫ
СӣҵĻ͸ߣԺһ֪ͣ룬׿
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ƤһȴǲЦߣ׿Ϊʲôط߾ߵ𣿡
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׹ѻǺĸæԴؿ־֮ɫ
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ؿѻһۣȻֽض׿ԶȥıӰǳ̾ȻͷԭˣСӡȻ˰


850 ݴ
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ڳſڿŷڵģѲʿҲвٻǿ߲С龰ݵߣȫľΪݵʵ࣡
һݱΪһɢֲ²ͬǿͳһ˺Ȼ
ǿط˴Ǿ͸ա֮ߣҲֻݻ˲赹ˮĻƵˣ
ǺЩݵǿʢԼҵؽ綼ߺһĹǣôϸ˶ܽǿ߹ɵȫβͣսսСع
УȻҲһԹ︸ӡ뵱꣬ǵĵؽ磬ǿǻ׷ծģװƴɱƨţ˿Ϊ⡣ȴҲòСĽһЩҪ鷳Σ֮ǣ
ȵȣĶģ
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ſңվλ׷ߣĿ⣬ȫǿƣֹסɢһ֪λѵãȴţëĻǿߡ
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һϮһǣһལкӣС΢ǰ΢΢һλǰݵؽ磬򱻳׷ɱһ·λǰиǣ
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ĹͨСԴ׿ЦﲻݣƳݾ֮һĶǣһλǳµĸ֡Ļº죡
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ҡҡԴ׿̾Ϣֻˣǵ򲻵ѣҲ˷ѡⷲףϢӵο
˵ţ׿ͫһһᶨˣҪ㹻ǿ󣬲յģҲ̫ԼУ
һֱʲôԼΪˣǲ⣬ͨ죬һ
Цһ׿ҡҡͷоĿڣĹΪԼΪˣԻģֻǱʵϣԼع鱾棬عƽһֱϰĻ֪ľȻɺӡһħһɷҲѳħԣ԰Σ
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Цһ׿۰ǷཱུСЦСӣиĸϣԼӳģϵִѳǳϵŨŨİ⣬ҪһֱŰ
Ƥ̲סһ飬ͨһϵҿٶˣ㻹ҵС˵ⳤĹֲǲ֪ڲҵʵôǻصˣɴ˭ΪֻǸСһһ·ϣ˶ҵҵͷҪţһѰ
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֪ϵϢħΪҺãܲСģôͻأĶôһǰඪˡ
ͦԿɰģ
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851 
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ر۾׿ϸϸ˼ϹٷƸۡһƣҪϢǱȥ̽飬濰ȵ찡
˵ţ׿üͷһ
ͨˣҲǲ̾ô죿ϵ˵ƣǸҲѱϢһȫ𣬻ô죿
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ᶨҡҡͷ׿оâһЦƴһƲϸΪ㹻ǿκ鱨йνֻҪ̤ƽκһ䡣ݵ̲ڽɣӪ˽գЦڷƳӣֻ˵ˣϹٷҲò
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ʱ󣬶˳һռĴլԺǰǰһƬ壬ƺסˡǵߣҲĪһӵĴ󺺣ɢصǿϢ
λ͹٣ˣǷƳΪĺլӰǼʯҿ᲻ó֣Ǵҿûˣ׿
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ʲôó·ҵʣؽ磬һƬ찡
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ϴȥͨһ漤ҲЩ˱أûҵҲϵĴҵıӣһҵصң
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ЦҡҡԴ׿ؿ˹ͨһۣ૵СӣҪⱦô죿˵ٶˣ⸱СòҲòϰ
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˵ͷͨҲѸ˽˺ԺϾʰһķ䡣׿ȥڸɾĴϣȻתָĶ䣬

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ģһУŮӵʱӴˤͨ죬ƺеˮڹ׿ҲЩΣ

ȻڴʱһȴǶȻһ񳤽Ǻݺݵضס׿ʺŮ߷ߣҧгݵǡҵĳǣ㾹ᱡһҪʬΣ
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û취ͣЩ˶ܻ֮˵ʲô˵ʲôҲûãҲᣬЩо֮ͽˣ
΢΢һ̣׿ÿɷֻһ˫ȴǲʱܲ쿴Ŷ㣬ǰЩʱŮڰܲױͬ鷢֣ھô컯֮ҡУܸܹϵ˰ɡ
⣬ҲΪԸŮӳŵԭ߳
ȵȣʲôˣ
ȻʱһѲ߶Ӿ¡ŮһţҪܣȴǵʱ׿һס
΢΢һ̣׿ǰԺżң
óһϸϸ쿴˵ʱȻ˻ֵԭ½ĹżҰһ̡ͨˣǿˣ
˵ţѲ߶һתѲߡ
Ůһ֣Ѳ߶ô׾ͺŪȥˣ
·֪룬׿ЦһˣǰЩʱǿ¼ģǵݺòڣǷƳһڣ
⼸컹ʲôǸèƵģһŮӵʱɵˡ
ʧЦһ׿ʼ磺ǰҲ֪ʲôͽС顭
üۡͷĿ
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859 һϮ
ϵҪǸټǸ
Ĵϣ׿һ·ι䣬һڳƵģǻ֮ɫͨͯĴ𣬿ֵԵʲôҪһʮ
׿Ҳ̬˿ںóʯִŵӸ̯ãȫˣ
лл͹٣ллллЩ̷ţɴϲҾ
ͨǱһЦ˻Ҹ֮ɫŮһԿãƺҲܵ⸸ĸȾ¶ȻЦݡ
˶˶
ģһڴ𣬹ͨһתͷλΣӨ͸˲һݶ⣬һϺڽϽһɣϵʲô
ŶпõĶ⣡ңңһۣ׿Ȼڡ
ǹͨһˣ۷⣬Ϊᣡ
ƺ룬ŮǰһһЦظǰЦСӣòã
΢΢һͣͨת׿׿
ǺǺǡѾͷۼҰ׳԰סģƵҲӦõģ
ӣ׿бһۣЦСӣҪʲôܿڣɱʡţ
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׿ÿɷŤͷȥ°ЦͨȴɫһС죬һԹؿ
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һЦŮվԳ̷ȥֻǰͷݺݵص׿һۣĹĵ죬ͨһ֪ȣ
µȻһЦ׿ȥֻŹͨС֣ܲ쿴ֵĽ־
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ֻһɲǵĹ򣬱ʧȺУΧûȻûӰ
Ǹ̷һ̧ףſտҲǰвЩɻ󣺡ףոǲţôûˣѵ˵ҵĻþˡ
üͷţ̷벻ף㲻ȥ룬߰ţ˶˶˶
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һ棬һĽУûһ˾Ůӱһֻ޴ͣͣţǿ־塣
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Ȼ䣬д󼱣ſȫƣԷƴˣ
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΢΢һͣϤŮӲһ㶣Ҳֹͣ˷Ȼ󲻿ŵתԴֻҲ˿ӳģһΪӢݡ
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ǰʮѾˣԾ˿ͷ˵ûٶƳ˰ͨҲüͷϸϸ˼ȴһѵ˵ץˣ
ҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ߣҪץɸֺΧУα͵͵°أ˵ǴǼҳȥġץҲԲ˶ߣ
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¡ǸԼ˽ͷ˰ɣ
ͨлɻ׿ȴЦһоâһĵѾͷ컯֮ڴϴҡڵţĴ棬ԼҲһԴҪȥúѯһɣ
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΢΢һ̣׿ȻЦСӣӦһˣúʹɡ㻹ȥĶϵ㣡
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Сӣһ쵽֪ԡ
ʳΪٺٺ١
һЦ׿ӶƿһУȻĿĵسǷƳ
ֱ죬ҹʱ֣δػصǵסǵǸոŶʱֻȴǵʱǺһѽסͣǷһ춯
ţѸٱϣӰŶˣԺȥڻ֡
ͨһȭͷһ뷴ȴǱ׿˸ɫͣ˱Ե£ùҹˡ
Ϸȫףжڼ䣬ǶȻŷȴǾӪƴеӣŪ첱Ӵ֣·ھȫһ
ڣ˱˴ϣȫ½Ƶĸ֣һǹԪǿߡ
λһˣް߰ףǿúܴ飬ҲһλԪ֡
ˣ׿ȻҪĴ㣬ȫϹˣ
Ӱ׿˴ãǻȣͫһɣˣٽеĻҪǵ
̲סһ׿˷·סƵģʱûΡΡصԴ˵УǾ֮ɫ
˼ǿͣ˶˵ģңﻹһλСأ
ʱüͷ΢壬˻֣ſˣ壬ʲôˣ
ǣ
Ƕ˸æһݣſ׿ˣèȥ
ǻһƵЦݣ΢΢һЦ׿Ҫڣȴ벻֪׿ǿеλүһҴ˰ɣմǨģԭ˲졣ҪѰĻǧҰ޹ģ
ǺǺǡλСֵܣһˣǲѰġȻһЦȻڡ
ǻ˵꣬׿һװѰѵǴ٣ģ˵Ƴǵΰͦõİô
̲סһ飬˲һһ͡
٣СΪѰأ
Сֵܣ˵ǲǡ
硭үλˣҾһվ߶ѣڷƳƨһ߻һӣûʲôͼġǱΪǰլӣΪж฻ԣʵҾһ
˻ҪͣȴǱ׿ٴһϣɥ


860 ݵһ
̲סݺݳ˳飬˿ԼΣٿЦ˵ǿǴٵ𣿡
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оСԺԣһصߣʲôʶ
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৵һ£վңң£
΢΢˵ͷٴο׿ЦСֵܣʵһڴ˴ǰͻȻŹ󸮣ʵȲѣбѣܹǿգ£м
˵ţǻ׿ңңһݡ
ؿһۣ׿°ͷܴģ֪ʿ
֮Ϊһλߣ㣬Ѿܿɹˣ˾͡
бƳƳΧˣ׿һ죬˰֣ί̽磬ѾѵܵǸӲˣ˵ҪҵլӣҰʺȥҲ
ۣ
Ӳһ̲סЦˣҲֹסȻЦ
Сֵܣûôأֻݽ裬˺ǵģ
˭׼һĶǿĶ࣬ɱҲǸһֻϲ𣿡һԹؿˣ׿˳ӵ磬ﰡ
ô㻹·ǣһϱ˴ȳʱ׿ŵԴһСӶһߡ
ݺݵһۣˣЦһʵҲûʲô˵ģԶݣ
ݡ
üͷ΢΢һ׿˼ȴ̲ס̾ݱ׷ɱ;ݣݵģҺûȥݻأȻЩ֣øеĵزɼݾǱݻѻ찡
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˾ˣǰ΢΢һݣȴǲûп׿һۣǽ׸Ů۹粽룡
˵ͷЦЦ˲ٴο׿һָŮӵСֵܣŮʶɣ
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΢΢һ̣һаĻȣ˲ЦȻˣףҾ˾ˡ˾ͣôҴأôһĻǲǸˣǺǺǡ

һ㶣׿һۣȴʧЦһ
ϼһȷǸԭˣȴظԼ̨°ǿռ˼ҵӣӲݣ˼
簡
о˾ˣ
³һ׿װԸӣγȴǱһۣʱѵڣԼ׿ˡ
η۶׿ʲôҲˣֱ⣺ǸӶ˴Ǩո⴦լԺͷŮ˵ءһʦŮҾȵġǰ̲飬ŮвɻأӵҹŸƾ֤һѾΣˣĵһô࣬Ǻڻ
ˣ˼
˰֣˵ɫһ֣࣬صСֵܣǰҶ̶ˣðΣһΪףʮָлǴУغŶƵֻɳɹʧܡΪˣЩ飬˵ԸҲѶΪ֮լӣһռˣ
Ϊʵ벻бõŵءҲ֪ĺϣʱڸլԺͻ顣̶ΪĹϵլԺݣ㲻ԸϣҲȫס̲飡
üͷһ׿ɴ󺧣ʲô˼ɱڲɣ
ֻ˵ϣǣҪǸ̫£
˰֣˿׿̾ǲǸôѡֻҪһ꣬ϷǡȻԸϣҲֵల¡Ͼҵ𣿺ǺǺǡ
ɫЩ׿˿ߵĹͨ·ΪӰȫǣεصͷǣôǣ˺ǸӶˣ
Ϲټҵ
оâһ˶
һ׿̲סгϹټңѵǶǸһ壬Ϲټ壿
ϷϹټҵļϹٷۣ
üͷ΢΢һ˴ȳȻһָԼŮ˵ҵŮϹ̣ҵϹ֡ŵģϹټҵĹϣ
̲סݺһ׿ֱţݵһ壬Ϲټҵи־ô˵ĻŽ֮һƳǵˣϹٷǵġ
ҵܵܣ
۾΢΢һУϹٷȴǺ޵ҧгݣԴѶݣͶݲܽϷûֵˣ˴ǰҲҪûرߵĶСֵܣϣܿ˵ķݶϣһ֮Σ
̲סһݣ׿ؿϹٷǵ˫Ŀݺݵ˵Դİɣ˾ˣҶԼˣһϹټδƣ
áȵȣ˵ʲô
ƺǱɺԴϹٷۺݺݵ˵ͷгǺܿͷӦһ㶣׿Ī㡭ոսʲô
ӣ׿ٺһЦ֪ܵ˾˰ողҵôôôˣ
˵ţ׿ԹͨСԴһСӣԺǾˡۺ;˾˻صݺ˭۸үֱӱϹټҵţҿ˭̫ͷ϶Ҳùˣ
ԣҸɱݣЩ׷ɱǵͨͨɵԾ󻼣ͨҲæǿɰСԴаЦ
ڳˣȫˣ
̸ܰոӻһСµӣ˲͸ͷ汧ˣҲ̫޳˰ɡ


861 
˶ɵؿ׿һЦȴ̲סҡԴһ
ӾôģûϸأѾʼӵܵˡʲô۸ˣϹټţ۸˰ɡ
Ϲټڶݿǳ壬֪ɱ˻Ķܻ
һʱ䣬˶һεؿϹٷۡ
ǵûŰɣ
һͷϹٷҲ̲סƤͳ飬ЦôԵ޹ʣ˸أ
˵ոֻҪʸ飬ôһˡû뵽ϻ޳֮ˣ˳ֱӾˣ
⣬ֱƤ
ǧ㣬ûϵӵˣ˻һ˶
˶׿Ŀ֮ɫʱȴΨϹ̸ŶһЦϲΪ⼸յദλСѾΪǢ˽ӵڡ
׿ûû޳УᷳΪϲιһɾұˣ
һ㶣׿תؿһۣȴʧЦҡҡͷ
硭˭뵱簡ٰ֮ˣ
׿ʱ룬Ϲٷ֪Ļһ̡УϹټԸ㵱㼸ĸ֣Ծţһ̤죬̵ĵˡ
ߣ˹ˣ
ϹٷȻ֪ԭɣֻǾͻȻôǵϹټɨأԼƽʧɡ
ǣΪһ֮һԾŶȻѳڣҲٱ粵ʲôֻǳ̾һӻֵȻˣǾΪϹټҵɣס̲飬һ¹󣬸Ϸضݣͣ
ǣ˾ˣ
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ðɣѾ˻ȥȫ˳Ц׼ˣ
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˵ţϹٷվԺȥ
˾ˣҸϰŸ÷䣡
ʱ׿һ·СϹٷ߲ţ԰̬֮ЦݣǺǺǡ㣬ϻط
ˣѾҵԵķˣֻҪر־ͺãһҡҡԴϹٷ۷ܵ
ԣ׿ȴǲˣִֵôУҵþТ
ȥľТոӾǿˣ
ηŰ۶ϹٷһЦŰڶƣ׿ƿ׿ţƤǰ㣬һĵճϣǲⲻ޿κΣ

Ȼʱһķ֪˭͵һײ׿ǰʱײɿȥŵŵ岽ſֹסΡ
̧ȥȴ˲ǱˣϹٷ۵Ϲɡ
ƳһۣϹ۲м֮ɫűϹٷ۵ĸ첲뿪ϹٷҲûų⣬ˡ
˼ˣҲǰʼ磬һۣȻЦЦһĵɨ׿һۺҲɢˡ
ֻǲʱĳЦȴǲʱشǸӶ˶С
ߺߺߡ⣬һڲŰ
ϹټҾȻƦӣǶ
ɲôû취˭˼ãǸպ˼ңʨӴ󿪿ˣǺǺǡϹټҵţɹϼˡ

ȭͷ̲ס˽ͨһҧҪ֣ȴǱ׿һסҡҡԴ
СӣĹùˣ
һƮ֪ʱոϹٷһ뿪Ϲ̺˻һ˷ܵСȥϲ֮ɫ
СӿȴһžһͽϹ̵ִˣ˭ϡҹùãߣ
һߣͨת뿪ûκһۣ׿û
²ɰ̾׿³һҵĲܹͯ裿Ϊ񡭡
ҲԼðߣϾСĻǸ޷ɽ
ԼǷˡСѡ񡭡
Ƥ΢΢һ׿жʱã֮СϹһ㶣ЩؿСôˣǵ𣿡
£Сôһ˵ͷ⣡ʧЦһ׿תϹͨĲȥؼ
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ʱһߴ͵ӰسȴϹɣһֱңʲôƵģЦãڿʲôأ
Ŷ磬ոҼСòƲĵӣʲô£
ʲô£ǺǺǡһḸӣϹټҵĸ֦Ѹ˰ɣʲôĵģǻһĵĻȣϹЦ
üͷ΢΢һϹ̺ݺݵصһۣŭ֪ʲôǲˣ
ˣǸոյı֣һпֻҪϹҶɣΪ㻹ҪǱ⣿
֪ʲô
һϹŭתͷȥҸգѡԸһֱТమ̰޶֮ˡ˵ĻͰϽˡ
Ϊʵ㣬ɱǡ
ǶҴûп־͹ǫã춾̰֮࣬ܰˣݺҡҡԴϹ쳣ᶨһ֮ЦŭǱѣ㲻Ҫǣ
ãΪһֱˣ
ôˣûҵ˹𣿡
ǸûƤûļһӲģ˾ŵڣĥùֻӣ
ߣ˵ˣɫ۾ˣݺһۣϹ̲ת뿪
ֻϹһˣŷŭ֮ɫ˫ȭ̲ס߬
Ʀå޳֮ͽôʰǡ
һ棬׿صԼڣ̧׿ȥȴͨſϣһƵذԴͷ
ЦҡҡԴ׿̧ȥСƨЦôСӣǺǺǡ뿪ɣոǳЦǣΪʾʾҪǾ裬ܵõǵΣȻǣΪǳƭǣӦóЦǲŶԡոǳЦǣٳЦһΡȺɵϣƭˣ
û˵ͨôһֱſţãĵǱˣڻ֣ǰ֮⡣
֪ǱϾˣǿ϶ǣͨ籨šʧǣڻ꾳ǣǲ̫˵㣿
ǻһаЦݣ׿ͨƵСգգƤ۾
ؿһۣͨҲ̲סЦԴǣСүһȭȫɵˡ
ͬһʱ䣬һ谵ķڣ֨ѽһ죬һӰ棬ȴϹٷɡ
λضϣĿ
ۣôˣһĿڣ̽Ѱ
ذȥϹٷ۹λҵˣȷСһǸ߰ĺӣԷţǷ˹ⰲţ
ǺãԴΪݵ㣬׼չڶͻϮƻɣ
ͫ΢΢һɣһߵȳһΣһҪضݴأ


862 
λǰ簡ǺǺǡ
һ磬׿Сſȥǻűϣȴأһͣ˴˶һۣȫһĵЦݣȻ
ԭʱ˿̣ǴǰǰΪߴӰڻ꾳֣ǿƣֹסɢ
Ƴһۣǰʱȴһ֣סǵȥ·
һ㶣׿һؿǣȴֻһλ󺺣һЦмǸˣǼΪİȫǲ˳Űɣ
ŶŶŶԭˣҵݱˣǰɣǺǺǡ
΢΢ͣ׿ɵøЦΪǸӵİȫ룬Ҫȫλˣǰɡٺٺ٣ˣ
һͷزЦţ׿СӣȥȻת뿪ˣ̤Ժһ
бŶ˽ʧıӰ࿴˿ȫĵЦ
ɫЩ΢޷߳ԺŰ벽ĶˣԺȥͨݺҧ˵ֱռȵȻˣߣ
뿪ɣСӣҲ͸˵죬һңӣ
ǻһаЦݣ׿ĿڣãǶǽ㣬Ǿôǵжǰǵ񣡡
΢΢˵ͷͨʾףЩ˳سֻ̾ͷڹ֪꣬ʱŻжҪʲôʱ򣿡
ǺǺǡİɣȺ˱ﲻ˶೤ʱ䡣طǶһӱһΣաǿǱǻ񣬻ϼȥأ
ʧЦͨԴ׿оâһ·һжУЦҪģֻеȣ
̧ƳƳͨεصͷ
ðɣ۾ͼһؽɣҲû
ףǸոմ𣿡
Ȼʱ׿˸մӴߣһЦ쳹ԡ˵ϤȫףλСˡ
Ȼһ˹Ϲ̵Ӱʱǰһ̲ͨסЦСӣҹùûУ
η˷۶׿ÿɷѾͷ⻰ʵģֻһҹûֲǼû׽Ҳ˼
˵СûôĽ飬أ
ȻͨҲ뷨ؿһۣῪСڣأ

̲סһ飬Ϲ̵ʱһͣЦСӣ㡭ôи԰
Ҫȥ˯ˣһͨȥŤͷȥص
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˵ţϹ˪رŹͨȥĿɷ
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׿һؿţҲ廰ȻҪϹټΪ·Ҳڴڼһ´ڸУһЩڲìܳ
һЩϹټҵĴͷĳǰ֣ܳҪԿˣ
һֵøպã֪ϹټҵĴСǸӶ˳أҲһЩ֮˹Ҳˣ
ûһۣ׿ĬĬվһԣЦۿλС㣬Ϲټūţ۵С۵Ķš
ǣڴʱ˶뽩ֽ׶ڼ䣬һȴǶ𣺡ã˾˽ȥһˡйֺǸӣҲһɣ
ԣ󺺲һҪѴСٻˡȻĻٽȥǿԽΪˣ
ȥҵһʰߣ
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ؿһۣ׿Ц˵ͷͷһײһײ°
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˵ţϹЦţת뿪ˡ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ضȴ̲סʧЦҡԴ
ӵܰ츳ȴĿ⡣㶢Ϲټҵλ֪иߵ׷أ
ҡҡԴ׿мøȻȻظȥ
ܿ죬˱ȫ˴ǰϹټϹٷѵʱˣһԼ׵棬Ϲ̱̲סԹ
ǺǺǡˣϷֻǱǸӶѣ˭֪ǰ˲£֮Ϸúѵһģ
΢΢˰֣Ϲٷ۲һ֮СºܿƵϣֱӽ⣬׿һϹټҵˣ͸ü縺ϹټҵǼϼһﲻڳ߶ôڳ̽Ϣͽˡ̡֣һһЭ
ǰһϹ̵ʱϲôСǿԳȥˣ
Ȼ
΢΢һ̣ϹٷЦϷ˵ˣϷ˼Ϸûƹǵж
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ĴϣһСӰȺвŶУΪڹʲôҸ֮ң
׿Ϲ̷վߣͨм䣬ֱŶ˵ƣһĸźӳܰ棬һĽʺޣǸ൥һϵ׺ݴ
ǶһӰǺ޵ҧгݣȫ˫Ŀͨ죬ȴϹɡ
˴ϹٷǼ˳̽ϢϾЩϼһʵ̫ǿҲ̫էˣһƳǵѲ߶ӣȻΰ¶
׿ǲͬջΪǳ̬ҲʲôˣѲ߶̫ע⡣Ϲոͻڻ꾳ΪҲ̫עΪ̫ƽˡ
ԣ˳̽Ϣ˵ȫöࡣϾϣ˭̫ע
˵ķֹϹڰ׿С
˭׿լӵˣڷƳмأϹһڻ˵Ѳ߶ӲΪһǰһ飬¶ˣֻһֱǱаһֻĵ㣬ۼ޵ÿҸĹֹһŷζҪըˣ
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̵һĻǿԼǵĶһ𣬶ǿˣԼܵݣֹǣ
ǿϹҪ߿Ѫˡû취˭ڻܼأֻܰӰУĥ

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ǸҲǷһڻǿߡ
˶ۼ˲ɿһһָԱ߸ոͨƳǵ˶ע˰۶ҽǵ۹һţ̫ӵʦ޲ߡعʦ븰۶λ˭ôӣԿɵɸѡǻƼλϵ۶ְܷκ̫ӣһƬǰ;Զ߹·ǧҪ˰
һȣ˿ȴ˫Ŀð⡣
ؽ磬ûκſԣǵ۹һͳ˧ڵ۶ıһְλν֮ϣǰ;һƬ
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΢΢°ͣ׿һУȴ۾΢У˼
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龰ϹҲǷĵЦЦ׿ȻеĶߡ׿Ҳ⣬ҪСӾҪʲô
Ϲ̱ŹͨլԺϻأϹһ׿ı۰ԶһƬдеɽǰȥнɱ֮ɫ
ʲôҪʦ
լԺڵĴϹٷϢһ㶣ȻɫѸ˫ĿؿոջϹ̵̶Ϣɿ𣿡
ص˵ͷϹȻֶˣ
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ü˼ãϹٷ۲̧ۿ˿⣬ףֺСأ
˵˷Ķߣѹһȥڻˣ
ŶһȶôһɡһһӦû£
سһϹٷ˫΢У˼ոմصϢȻʲôҲ˵Ժȥ
ܿ죬һϤԷŽȥڴϾ
һݣϹٷ۰һϢһһ棬üͷֻǲ֪ϢǻᣬȦˣ
ΣΣΣղлᣬлĵطҲһΣٽ
۾΢΢һߵô˵εһûᣬܱͷӬһӲҪǿöడһΣǿʧأŮ˵ʵ治ôЩСһ
ҡҡͷϹٷһݣˣϹټˣṵ֮̂Ҳû֮ͽŮҲһЩСһҲΪϹٷƲ죬ؼʱ̽ӣᱻϳϴαԷ˳ϣֱǳѨЩСһﱻɢҲʵǸⰡǼƻ꾡ӦòϴΣˣ
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˿̾Щϼһﶼν˴ݣʹϹͷĴ㣬ҲҪءֻЩСһףҶδ治˰
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ʱһҲ˫϶˶ˣҲûôף˵ôʲôڵĿģȷλá˴ļʦΣһλᡣֻ˭ܹʤǱһʹأ
Щϼһ϶¶棬ȻϹٷȻ뿪һٶ꣬ǣȴ̫Ϥˣڲأױϳ
ظ˸룬Ϲٷüͷ壬Ŀڣô˴ֻܴСѡˡֻС֮У˭ܹͻ𣬳ɹѡ֮أ
һ˱˴˶һۣȴ̲סֱҡԴϹټ壬ŵǲȱòƲŰ
˵ö԰Ϊйأߺһɴʦ
³һ߳̾˴ηļʦضƼûڻ꾳ʵº͹Գ
ôĻֻˡ̧ۿһۣϹٷ૳
˴˶һۣ߽εͷ
ǰȻһУʸͱѡлģҲֻˡ


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һĴⱦûʡһλĿ񣬷ʵˣڵλáеĲ룬žžžߵţһ˫ܿһеĵâֱֱͶֱλá
һλ溬΢ЦȥΪ񾲵ˡƺһλ㣬û˿ӵİԡ
һ˫׵˫ͫȴϵǸ˶̲ס¶֮ɫ˿̬֮
ةˣݵһ
ǻһȻĻȣ˲΢΢һЦ֮ϵˣ׵ͷǺǺǡҲҪ̷ƽ⣬֮ǰ󸮷˴飬پǿߴΪû۶ʵ飿
ûˣݾŴ֮һҲˣǰݵһ֣Ϲٷɡ
ˣǽǵ۹ŽִƵ۹ȨƵȨ۹ة࣬ﾭγ
ʱ˿̣ﾭγǧӵ۶ֱۡһžͶĻָֻţ䲼̫ˣȫʦĲ档
ڣȻ˵һϢϹٷʮְաоСеռȵΪ˼
Уǵ۹ة࣬ҵϽȴָʹԼūŰ㣬ָҵˣ¡
ǴĽҲͰˣؼ⻹ǸĪ֣ǰҲһʱֱܿյĸоŭ
ϹٷѵС£õ۶㱨ƳһۣϹٷɫƣֱֿλãǷ¶۶棬ԵǾŽǳԸɷ˵𣬵֣
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һֱһƵľƺ«ţƺȫ˵ʲôϹٷƵʻ˲һͣؽƺ£ȴǵʱ¶һϤͷݡ
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˵ţǰﾭγϹٷذ¡
ͫ΢΢ϹٷƽضǳʾʮȰµˣɫ΢΢ݣȴǲ˵
ﾭγҲû⣬ɫ糣ڱչأδ֪ܵϢҲǰ۽ڴڼ䣬񽣱պ֪񲻿ջϲһ˼ңһ൱ŭġ
ߣòܽѹң
һϹٷ̲סһӣȳŭ֮ɫ
ҡҡͷﾭγɫƽ̾һƽ׶֮ƽ룬²ҡֻǲһʵʱڷŭ²ֻǽǵ۹йصģҪǣڵ֪º󣬱ͣظ̫ӵµȻҳԱϡڣ̫㲻̫˵ϢҲݸأΪľҪˣһʧǶϢϢذǱ뾫ϺУ
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ĻǲǷ·Գ콣ΪʦɸѡΪ·ƽͻϮĵ·һǾ͹Ŵ򹷣һܲĻϹټΪףսʧ룬Ϊպͦݣνǳд󻼰
۾΢΢һУϹٷؿȻͷԭة˵˼ֻ뱣콣ؼģΪͻݵĴս׼
ǺǺǡ¸ող˵ô̰˵ĵһԣҲ԰Ѱ
һǵĹâﾭγȻܹôһһãֶΪ
ضϹٷƳΣ΢΢˵Դة˹ȻգϹټҿûʲô֣ʦ·ǻ𣿡
Ϊ·˵ô˳Ÿʵջ
Ȼﾭγĳڣİɣ;ĩ·֮ˣ̫˳ĵ·ߡԽ֮·Խ볢ԡˣգ뽫ĵȨڱ࣬ٽǽ⿪ջѲӡౣ֤£һЩץԽ⽣ģ
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ة㣬ﻤȥģ΢΢˵ͷϹٷƵڡ
ȻһЦﾭγһȥл
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ǺǺǡϷֻʫ黭ƸȤةԱɣ
ǰﾭγתףɵȴЦһ˰֣Ժ
ݸһЦﾭγҡҡԴһת㾶뿪ˣǺǺǡ̫ϧˣʫ黭Ҳ
ӰȻԶϹٷ۾΢΢һУɳ̾һھƵĵ૵֣˰ɣﾭγǻңǾηмӣǵڣвǵ̽Ӱ﷢£Ȼ۶֪ˣߣǾŽ𣿡
ʲôŽǰܾ֮ѣ
ЦҡҡԴоһ³һʵǵطֻҪ̫ܳƽû̽ӣж̽ӣν
㵹ǸߣֻԸԼ֪ˡҵԸ治ܽ𣬿ɲΪͽĽţǿߣһƬԼ£
оâһϹٷƶһ죬һų콣Ϊݵˣ
Ѿƺ£ؿһۣЦݵˣˡһ죬½ǽǵ۹ǳһƬĹ߶ѣƲˣ
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ݺݵһۣϹٷƲʵҧҧҲᣬᡭ


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ּ䣬ƿ̶𣬽ţӰɽһһ˴˽ͣΣ¶ϤӰ
һӢΰͦΣĿ㣬ȫɢڻ꾳ǿϢȴϹɡһģȻòƽ˫ȴ˵䣬͸һϢ׿ˡ
ǰ̽̽Դ׿ǰһ޼ʵ֣װԻ֮ɫһԵϹֵ磬ǰʲôôʲô
꣬˭磬˻죬ĻݡѹֱñԵߵ
η۶Ϲаһϻ¶һ˿ǳЦָָǰ֮¶˹ɫ֣ոҿĻƺˣҲó棬ȥ̽һ¡ǣ˵ɽ;ģһû⣬ǺǺǡ
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üͷ΢΢һ壬׿̽Դǰ˿ȴת˼ʲô
ǰƣϹǵаЦԽԽʢаƻǰģոյȷзĻ߹֪ȥʲôȥ̽һ£ضΪ˾´󹦡
ĻҵȻ׵ˡüͷ΢΢ţ׿˳Ϲֵ˼һǰ
Ϲȴǹӣ׿Ȼȫǰ棬۽ⶼʱȴر
ڣǱĿУųɱ⡭

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²һݣ׿һȻ֪Ϲֶƣû뵽СӾĸأԶ֡
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ǣ֮ϹҲֱɵϣӦòֲذɡ
һɻ׿üͷ壬һһƣñܻǲܣ
Ǳܿʵʱ㱩¶ˣ˵þ͵ðСˣɱڡһȥ֮󻹵Ҹ׵˵ǣȻϹټҵĻɡ
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һʱ䣬׿ΪѣȴԼİΣҪҪһƵ⡣
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Һ֪Ȼƴҳ͵Ϯˡ

Ѹ͵Ʒգۼ׿ü˼ȴǺһ㶣ʱӦű磬ס
һƼվҲҪСӸûɱԼҪԼˡ
Ȼ˵Ļһ°ɣ֮飬֮˵
ת׿˼ƽϣ΢΢һӲǸԼ˿˿죬Ҳ̲ס
ͬʱϹ׺һƣҲݺݵشıϣ

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ʱϵǡôһľ֮£׿Ѫֱֱ˳ȥˤ䵽ϣȴװ˹ȥٶˡ
ǻһаĻȣϹһЦŵһ׿૳󡣬Ѿ㣬һ쵽ڱߣԼͱֱˣߺߺߡ
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üͷ΢΢һű󽥽ĺ׿֣СҪʲô
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һâϹ׿ǰֻҲȻ̧ǹŹ΢ЦȻҪڲΣҪǣȴ޹ؽҪġ㲻ʲô߽似ȴʤֻ֮ҪϸѨλһ㣬Ľϱ𽥸ã
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ǡ֮£ҲǸ㲻±Ϲٷ۲鵽Ʒ֮ҲŮ𣿡
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ȻЩΣϹ˿Ϊ⣺ʲôѾãСû˭˵Ҿ˵˷Ļ͵ϮˣҾġ˾˾㻳Ϊϣ֮йأҲضΪ£֪µ֣ȵȣ˭
ϹֵЦȴǺһͣɵʱסˡ
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Сӣ˼޳ܣԴĸĺħ緶뿪ϹټңϷħɣ
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һɫİӰͬһʱ񷣬ֻһɲǵĹϵ±ȫΪһƬ֮ɫȻ㽫Ϲֵΰ棬зֺϵ
̲ͫסһϹֲһꣿ
Ǻܿ죬̲סЦмƲƲ죺ߣ꣬һ龳סڻֱ֣췽ҹ̷Ӳһȭҳϡ飡
䣬Ϲֵʱ̧һȭҪڵȥ

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֪ʲôһ㣬˲ӡڵɫؽеԪɵһͣأͣת
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Ȼ䣬Ϲ־Ǻķ֣Լڻ꾳֣УѶһָͷˣɴʧɫ⡭ôܣ
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ԷһƬڵڲУԷȴǱˡ
ǻһаĻȣϹֵӱһڵľŲܶһãȻµı飬׿оâһ¶һ˿ϷŰ֮ɫѹСһҿ㱰޳ܵϷ緶ʵϲýΪͽϷһٸͷʦɣǺǺǡ


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龰׿һص磬һ΢͵ô壬Ϊҳһ뵽ˣľǹ̡̹Ǵϧ
˵ţ׿ʱʱؽȫϹ˫ȵϡ
˵ᷳģϹٷڴˣȴҲֻˣǿ¶һõЦݣοֵ֣壬ʸ־壡
磡
֣
硭
֡
˱˴˶ӣŨŨһֱ̾ϹٷŮһ̾黳
ֻдУһֱˣĹͨʱ￴һۣ̲סغݳ˳顣
꣬ϵָݼˡ˵޳̶ܳȸϵеһƴӰۼģ
ȻǺӣȴȻٶֺ׿˼˾ͨѿһС龰мƲƲ죬Ҳ˵еˡ
ˣֵд壬ϷΪοǸٺãҲð˰ɡˣ޿ģʲô
ڣϹٷۼ˵ʵ̫ŨȻϽˮ಻жвˣЦһǳ
ԣ˲ɱ˴˶һۣӲһЦǷ˿
ʵϹˣǿԼ˫ϣմ׿СӵҺ壬ֹסضıġ
ȴ¶˿Цӭ
ǻһ˿ȻȣϹٷۿŶˣصͷܺãֻҪȫͺá֣ʱûβͰɣ
İɣ˾ˣһСģβ͸ϵģоâһϹֶ
ЦŵͷϹٷĵţҲǡôڣ֣ϷһΣҪίļˣ
ʲôΣ
һϹֵжʱ¶ã֮ɫ
ǰǸħͷίΣľ˾˾ȻֶίΣôصҪһ˼ͷ
Լȷ̫ˡԽԽ󰡣
һʱ䣬Ϲٴκ޳ܵ


870 Ūɳ׾
ڵҹ£ȣϹٷ۴ϹһصķǰһݵλѾˣ
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д˲ϵϹٷ΢һͷƷţ˽ȥŵģϹټ곤λ
֪һǼΪشϹֽȥ󣬸æһݣȫҪί˰
Ϲ֣μλˣ
ţػ
΢΢˵ͷλ΢Ц˫ȴط֣ǵǰôһͷɴʧɫۣ⡭ʲô
ͷϷһ˿ε亹Ϲٷ۲ɲЦһλ߶߶˼䡣ˣ˲һȻص˵ͷȻŶԭΪ̽ϢԡѪսų⸱ģ
ɲôǺǺǡЦһϹͷΪ帰ϧ
ؿһۣλ߲ɺ³һֱҰ죺ⳡսʮֲҰ⺢Ӵã趼ϲˣ
̲סһ飬ϹֵʱһԴ£ϹٷһԣҲǿЦҡҡԴ
ôЩƤˣ£ϢЩʱվͺˣ
Ǻܿ죬̲סЦÿɷţȻ󣬺ɫһ࣬˫ǵУɢâϹ֣ΪϹټҵһӣʵΪһеٮٮߡһΣиǳҪΣصȥ졣ˣǼһˣСԸȥ𣿡
鲻һ࣬ϹֵһȭȵֳϹټҶ࣬ǣ
ãй
ɴһһߵ񣺡֪˷Ҫʦˣ˵գĴžͻʦϣܻʦǱǽĵΪǵڶͻϮ׼
̲ͫסһϹֲɴһʲôװʦǡҵ
ףϹټϳߣԲȥģ
³һһȻڣǼΪߺһܵǶǵļȻǿ֮ˣǾΪ͹һ˵վΪƷʦ龳ΪƷڻΪƷԪſʮƷ½ʮһƷʦĴʦˡ
˵ĹֻͨľƷʮƷ㲻ʦ͸츳Ĵʦˡ㣬Ʒʦʸ񶼲ƷУΪաڻ꾳⼸ͻ㼸ϣܻƷʦɡĻ˵ʸһ̽
üͷɵúݺݶ˶Ϲ澪⼸գҪᵽƷʦôܣҶ֪֮٣һЩͨĵҩһ£̫ӵĵҩҿѹû
Ŷˣùȥɣʦ𣿡
תתϹֺףһΣյΣյĿһһ˷ˣǾ·һ
£Сȥ̫ϧôߺߺߡ
ԣȴȫεҡҡͷ֣ʵǸչŵҲǹ˼ȥ˰ɡոϷҲ˵ˣһվʦƷʦǴʦģܽƷǱΪסˡСһΪҲǴʦƷʦͺܲˡĳ̶ȣݵС۹л˵ڽǵ۹ĵؽϣȴЩˣ
˵ϾˣлܵõǵΣΣȫ飬Ҫɱŵùǰȥźã
ԣϹƤ΢΢һ飬һؿˡ
϶˼ǣĻǱȥȽϺã
̸ܣǼϲôȥȥ˻ˮ
һ󸹷̣Ϲüͷ壬ת֮ߡ
ģϹȴһͦţȻλҾǶԹʵ̫ˡҲڽ֮ǰǻȫǴӽҲ벻ѰҵϿȫֵεġ˵أ˾ˣ
ţȷˣ
΢΢˵ͷϹٷҲһȷ£Ҹ뼸λ֣̽Ȼ˵˳ұ¿λһ°ɡ͹һ֮£Ѿûǵ˼ӣȴδг֮ģ֪ӦöǼΪҳϡǸӶ˵Ľ㣬ԳˡӦðǵϹټҵһԱҴӽ֮Ͽ⺢ӻľϹټҵļҷ粻ıϰ
üͷ΢΢λؿһֱۣ˴˻࿴˿΢΢ͷۣ۹Ӧò˼ȥɡȥ̽ϸ񡭡
λһᣬĺŬϹټҰ
Ȼǹû˵꣬ϹǺݺһȭһֿؿ
龰Ϲٷص˵ͷ֮򶯡ֻЩףôֻǳȥһˣˣ
ѵǻ빲黳ţһˣ
Ϲٷ뵱Ȼ˼ţҲŵλһʦƷҲܿɹˡ˵лĻأҾãҲкôһȥ˭ѡˣǶһ氡
֪Ϲ׿һأ
ô˵ĻСҲȥԣ
ź룬λཻ˸񣬿Ϲٷǡ
ԣϹٷȻ˵ͷϹָǼæٳɴ£ǰһҪһᣬȥԣٺٺ١
ǡһˣϷ˲İ
üͷţλȴеǣȥԣһҪǵ˼ţ˲ӣ۵һ巸գ
䣬ϹֱȻһЦÿɷû⣬ֻҪܰѹֵһˣһֵĻͺã
һΪȥ£ǻ˼ºǺӵİ
ڴʱϹٷȴüͷһ壬ǿǺӵıˣǺȻЦŭȴƵĺܣϹټ˶
ۣ߲Сڣ
ǰ˾ˣֲģ
仰λϹȰϹٷۻвҡԴ˵ˣôһİ˼»У֮⡣̶ȥɣΪм֮ҲˣӦò⣡
ʲôãвСҡԴϹָæֹ
ãô죬̶ǲѡ
ۣܵͰ˵ɣ
ţϼһﶼͬˣ
ǣϹֺλҲͷӦǣ˲佫ĺѹȥѹûķ
Ǻ˱˴Ц䣬׿ΪڶӣǱڣϹ̶һԸӼӣ
һ˲䳾أϹȴȫɵˣովʲôⲻǰıƵС
֪ˣ粻ټأŪɳ׾
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ɵãϹֺݺݸԼһ͡һ㶣ȫһؿȥôˣ
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871 
ʲôȥμӷʦɸѡûȥ
ڶһ磬Ϲٷ۱㽫׿Ϲ̶˽е˴ǰЦϢ׿һ㶣ϸϸ˼һ΢΢ͷ
ʵõϢʱҲȥ̽һ̽澿
ϾǵϹټҵ˺ͷĸֻƴٳûǱĻʱϺܻܿǳȣ⻹鷢
һᣬǰȥȵϹټҵ˻ɻƣٺòˡ
Ǻ׿ݺһȭ˷֮ɫܹΪϹټ湦ҲǸϹټҵһݴʵٺòˣл˾˸һܿɹĻᣡ
ţ֪ܿɹͺã
ЦŵͷϹٷ۵ҲףϷΪһ£⵽ڲ˵˽ܰµĻǵǴһû˸㱳˵һԣ
ص˵ͷ׿оȣɷ
Ϲ̼ˣҲһЦҪպһλᰡܷϹټŸͿһˡ˵㱻ϹϿɣΪϹټүʱлὫӽӻءʱ򣬲˶鷳ϹټڱҲڿžˣ
΢΢һ㶣׿ؿһۣȴ峺Ȼ֮ɫҲǵȻһЦ׵˵Դ
Сԭˣ˵ΪδչǸأҵӵô˿ɵˡ
ԭҪһԼӰҲǹĵġϧ鲻ô򵥵ġ
һ˿˭Ҳûвĵˣ׿ÿɷҡҡԴ
ΪϹټҵˣҲ̫ˣ
Ϲ̵ĻϹٷƵݵһۣѵܿ죬ͫһ׿ЦģϹټҵҲô۸ġĺ˾һǣ˫Ժ˾Ҳһֻع
л˾̧΢΢һЦ׿ÿɷعһ
˫Ժô򵥣Լͽˡ
̶˴Ǵֺһ˫£һμʦɸѡ
ţϹٷۿϹֳ̣أһ˿Զһ档һΪлԲ㣬ҪһԴԸ粽룬ܹѡ֪𣿡
ص˵ͷϹһЦǣף
ٺٺ١ԺҪҵˣȻֻЦſ׿¶аݡ
üͷ΢΢һ׿Ҳǲ֪ɷЦЦףϹٷ۴⣬ӦŮԼ
ǳϷȫϹټҶԼɡ
Ҳ¹شСĵȷӦã
ȻһУ׿Ϲٷۿ䣬㹪һݣˡϹǱıֱ׷׿ȥ
ǺϹֺ׿˹ֽȻͬĵ
ϹΪϹټҼѡ֣ʼ˱λԶĿӡûûҹ¯ԣϼһ̵ԼôϾϹΪˣֻǼ׾ӣͻҲչϼһԵø档
һ棬׿ӿɾ͹дضˡ
˭֪ʦȻض˵ٲܲĶȥԣҲûϸŸ
ȱģΪϵĲѡ
Ϊֲһ͵飬ΪϹֵĺ򲹶ԱǶ˼Ҳ©ģҲûôҪ
Դӽ˽׿ٴδŶӣǣϹټҼŮۣȴʮĵӡ
ϹһֱߣΪලʵһ棬СӵĹϵҲԽԽˡ
ڣںԺлʱ˻ĴЦʱǱСڣ¿һ㱻޴ǳϹ֣һ̡
Сӣַŵһ㣬ҪȻֽҪˣԣ
ùãţȥøӣ
áιһǶ͵ʲôӵֽ𰣬ӦǣŲŶԡ
Сǽģһ¾ͺˣ˯С
٣СӣСӾ˭ӣôӵôܶܡ
㵱Ӻˣ
ޣòҪ
⣬һЦ֮Ϲ˫ϥһ¯ʢĶ¯ǰ̲סس鴤ȫ˫Ŀ̲ס
ǸСӣ羯Զ㣬ھȻ˹ȻϷãţӷ
ľרעһ㡣Ҫת
ʱƺǿϹƣžһһʱݺļͷֱһ죬ʹѡת׿ȥȴһվضڣ𣬳ľǺ־
꣬ԼıǶаӻЦƽľ
ž
һ췢ٴκݺͷһ£ȥƽľֻ־ĪҪ룡
Ƥ̲ס˳飬Ϲһƣֻܰ̾صͷȥ
Լܰ˼ԼȥԼȥ͵ˣﻹҪǸ˵һأ
ڵãûȥأȻǱˡˮȣƵ滶Ц
ĥ
찡ذӾʲôˣҪͷң
ߣһҵţȵ󣬿ô
ž
һ죬Ƴƽľ
ԴһϹһƵصԴ
һ죬׿ϹֶŽȻ෴Ҳȫ˲
ʵϣϹΪˮȵ׿ȴܡʵͦһģ
ֻ˵˳ǩˣӦ׿Ϲֵ򲹲Ŷԣ
ӣ֮ʱڵڰ磬׿Ϲ̴ŹͨٴδӼлȴǲһɣһɫ
ֳͨˣպھеᣬʱɸѡһʵʦ͵۶Ϊ̫ˣ
ҴǰϹһϹٷ۵棬ֹס
͵شϱϹٷоڣгãԴ˵Ҫɸѡʦ𣬳ŽӿһˣѲ߶Ҳˣڵȵˡ󣬾ȥȵӣ
һЦϹٷƵԺȥȥ֪ͨλжӵˣ
ϹɫһϲҲǵ˵ͷȻת׿׿ЦһˣɱӰ˵Ǻ򲹡
İɣģоâһ׿¶Ц⡣
Ϲ̼ˣҲ΢һͷ׵ĲԺˡ
ؿıӰʧһԵĹͨؿ׿૳ϵһ𣿡
϶һ̣׿
ǡ⼸ϹټҴݵ̽ӷ鱨˵̫ӵȷˣղˡ᲻ᡭ
ҡҡͷ׿ĹͨСԴЦαΪ̫֮£鱨жô޷죬ֵʱעһ塣
ǻѵǲ֪
û취ԸԼҪŵ飡
Цһ׿ÿɷ֪壬ҲǧټƵ֤һ壬һᣬ˰̫̰ˡô᣿ǺǺǡ䲻ȴϹټҴʱ̬ȴĸ֮и˰
оâһ׿Цεȵ㣬ңҲҪСˡ


872 
ϣⲻŴʦôҲˣ
ɲôѵõԾŵĻᣬϷܲ㲻ҲһôƾһٵǶΪǻҵϱ
ҿûôֻǴֵĶѣǺǺǡ
һ磬ûüĴǰؾһȦˡȫĽʦ
УеҲʦһ֣ͶȡġͼܹϹèӣûгڵҲҪƾһ־ѧ뱣Ķ֮УֱϽǵ۹߲㣡
һȺ˾һ𣬻Ц٬໥ʺȴصúܣ¶һ˿ϸˣͻ׼
Ȼÿһ˵϶źЦ⣬ÿȴҲȫףĵ׵˿âݺݵضڳо֣
һαף׿Ϲ̶˵ӰҲȻس˵ǰ
ףҲʦǺټ
Ǹոյк֮˴յϹǰһϡ棬ʵĿĵ̽ʵʦһУѬǵģŮԸﾹȻһϡеŮʦʵ
ȻһЦϹ̻ҡҡԴһָԵ׿̨ˣֲʦҲǰѣ
ʦ
΢΢һͣתؿ׿һۣű¶һ˿Ц⣺ԭ̨μʦǾŶˣǱиˣȥкǻؼ
˵ţ˱˲뿪ǣһȺȥװúӣЦλһʵۺʦ֪ǴӺδ
⡭
΢΢㶣Ϲһؿ׿˭ΪĴأû˵䵹ܵȥ߶ˣ
Цҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡Ƕ飬ϾʦĻΪ»еʵľߣ̽ʵĶѡصߣȻμӵʦʱûȤϾһԣʦĹΪҲǽģ
ʲô˵㣿
˫ͫһɣϹ̵ʱشҲ̫ۿ˵ˣʵҲôμӵʦܱЩװǻƣˮǿɣƽˣߣ

Ӳһ׿΢΢һͣЦҡͷ㣬˼Ҽٿңôءɵãʲôʵȫͻͻˡ֪֪𰡣
ǸǸⲻǸ򱧲ƽô
ӲһЦϹ̸æһε׿Ҹողļڿôûб˼ң˵ҲʵһصߣǿǿĶȥίεĻҵôǿƱأ
ۣ
Ƥ̲סݳ˳飬׿޲һѪ³һεؿϹ̵㣬鷳Ժǧ˴򱧲ƽˡҲƤҪǻ˱ˣǰ˼߷ԾɡǴ򱧲ƽֱǰЩΪŰ
ᣬ⻹Ǹģ
˫ղһ죬Ϲ̲ɺݺһۣһ£ÿ˻죬ŪñС㶼ֲˡǰưƷʧˣüչıܷΧء밲ο䣬ȴ˳˵˾ϲּû
ۡ
һ׿ȻʧЦϹ̿ɫǴ壬ŭغݺݴ׿ıͨ죬Թ㻹ЦЦⲻѧģˣ
û㣬ⶾѧɲţʲô£
㻹ЦЦˡСȭֹסشţϹ̬̾ϹټҿŵڣҪǻһ𣬱ܵӰ𣿶㣬ͲǫǫһЩåƦԣ˶ӣﶼˡ
ҿֲÿŵġ
͹㣬͹㡭
һ֣壬ڹ㳡ǰ˵ϷšǣԶһ˫ԹȴȻѪˡ
ûǶ˷ֿжϹɡ
Ϊ˲˻ɣϹֺ׿㱻Ϲټҵ˰ΪʶĶˣֿж׿ڷƳݣȻʲô¶ð졣
Ϲ֣㲻òܳһˣȻٷװɸһΪ˵ᣬӡ
Ļż¶ļʾС˺ܶࡣ룬Ϲ¶ݣҲǣ׿ڹżҾͻǰȫġ
ϹټҸ߲İŲνϸ㵽ȴΨûпǵλϹٴү˼ԶԶ׿ͱöһŵ龰Ϲֵķζըˣȴûй̲סݺ߬ȭͷ¶
ףλ̨Ҳʦڻǿߣ
ڴʱһΪгٴȴǸոǸ̽ʵСӣǰһǫ̃ȻǷ켫оƷʦ̶˰ɣ֪ʦӺŰ
ûпһۣϹҧгݣ
ʲǫ̂˵ʲô
ҲΪ̫ߣҧֲ壬Ǹ̽Ϣ˾ǲһ㶣֪ٴѯʳ
۾΢΢УϹؿһۣȴ¶һ˿аЦ֪ҵʦУߺߺߣǿˣݹ˲֪˲컯֮£Ҳܾô˵͵͵㣡
˵ţϹһתһĹսǴ˲˽ȥʧȥӰ
ǰһ˲һ˷ܣȥ
ǣ߽ȥһ£һӰסͣݺ˽ȥţһžͱڶ
ʱϹִӰ߳ˬɫҲǰȻˣ³һЦˬˣ
˵ţٴȻȺСǸĽȴǲʱطԹ
ΪΪʲô
һֻѪأȻǻ谵Ľſŵ棬һƶһѪĿӰ˳һɥ̸࣬ܰļôõĺ𣿼ûɱ֮û֮޵ģôء
֪ոװŵģȷǶ֮޵ŭ𡣲ŭ𷢲÷ͷϣùߵײǹϣֻΪƷйһˡ
˵һᣬȫѶѣûʲôԭ򣬾ǵù
һĨĨһӵѪί޺޵ҧҧѾѾ޵ģҵţҪȥ״
ͬʱһ֨ѽ𣬷ĴҲش˿߳һڻ꾳Ļ˱˱ȭߺȵλʦǣү룡
˵ţһתǰ·
˻࿴˿һ˷ܵظæϣнǾâ˸˸·ٻȨƣȻֿɵһ


873 ԩ̽
ةˣλүСӿ϶Ϲټҵӣдģ
һ主ûʵĴڣλӰߵһΪةﾭγмλΪƽϹٷƣұߵһն
˾ԼλϣɫȻ˫΢ضǰ棬һȫԡѪñ׵ӰĬ
һԹ֮ɫ̧ĨһѱǼ䲻ͣѪˮɷµ˵ţλˣһҪңСӿ϶Ϲټҷˣ
̧ƳƳﾭγÿɷЦһ̾ϹټҵҲ̫˰ɣǵĵ̣ôߵ£
ǰϷзؽ磬Ȼܵ͵򾡿ܵ͵¶Ϊãô֮У
ؿ˿۲룬ҲЦҡҡͷ
΢΢һ̣ﾭγٴؿһۣĳȴ˵Į˵һ飬ҿ϶˸Ϲټйأ
һͣתתȴ

һ죬ﾭγʱһȳةȥЩ˴̽ǰڣ̽Щмֵ鱨ֺЮ˽ģ
ǰʵ̽Ӹϸһõ͵£
̾һЦǵƽŰˣǵ͵ҲѰɣǺǺǡ
ɫһ࣬˵ʱһίæ͵λүةˣĺܵ͵
͵Ϊʲô˼㣿ŭһϹٷƺȻȥˣ͵һָ˱ӣŭ
촽̲סزҲίǰΪʲôأҲ͸һ仰Ѱ
ЦҡԴﾭγÿɷ૳ûоԵżȻ³ǰôʦల£ΪƫƫˣԷҲûҪֻǽѵһɼԷʶĻݡĻһ˾Ҷ㣬ϹټҵҪ
ֽûзȴ㱻ˡȻ˾ϹټҵˣǺǺǡǵɵӣǰѷΪĺ̨
ûУûа˰֣һ󾪽Уŵû
мƲƲ죬ﾭγôûУһΣˣϹټҵ𣿡
⡭²һͣһȴǶʱˡ
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ݺҧҧϹٷŭأҧгݵ̵ģ˵ΰӵˣ϶ȡЦӡߣ˴֮Ҫúһ·С
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֪ոǸ̽ӣжԩȷҵϹټҵϸˣֻϹèӶѡ
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ô˵ҲϵڱϧЩ߲ھȴûסϻ˵úã㲻㣬Բ顣
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ҲδأٿǱߣ
һȻ澪֮ɫ϶˵ѡһȴǱĵҡҡͷָһŰ׷ߵǸһָϷ죬ϴε۶ǰʮˣ
ʲôǰʮֱӾͱ۶ְôֳ룿
١˭֪أϹÿ˶и񱣬֪ʲôȻˣƫҪ֣ҡҡͷҲһƬã
˼ˣ̾һĶ˹ȵס
֪ѡ۶ȡǰλ̫ٵĻЩǿ߾ǰëǮϣû˰
ֻܸǰ֮һ㣬ոֶѡ
ͬʱѡ֣ҲǺݺһ𣬶Ҹһ棬һ·𻨴磬˻ҩζ
ѦͷҲˣ
ߺߣƽƹܵؽ磬ѦҵǷԲ֮ڣ֪ġϷʦɸѡ䵤֮ƣ
ٺ١ôĿϴε۶ϣϷȻϷǰ˴ԲѡѦɣ֪ܰһЦϷ
Ѧɼˣһ飬úҲҧгݵϷ죬㵱֪ʿյĿοϴε۶ᣬʮǰˡǶ˵˭˭ͣδжأ
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ͷһ֮ɫѦȻֽҲͨ졣
ո˴δ˼İﾭγϷǸͷҲ̲סһͷοЦһﲻӦڵ۶ʼְô
ةˣ˵ǵ۹ȫɸѡʦϢϴ˱Ȼȥ۶ʼʦһְμѡ˵Ҫˣ΢΢һһλЦ
̾˿ﾭγҲǲÿɷʧЦҡͷЩ̰Ƣô֣ڵ۶ɵĺúõģҪǻҪѡ۶𣿰治֪ʲô
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˰֣ƣĪҪ˵ԼݣﾭγŴЦһߣϣϴε۶һ𣬽ɺã
ة͹ӹһаãáǺǺǡ
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ϰ˵ڵ۶ɵĺúõģôͻȻܵˣ۶ҵĻᣬ͵õ𣿡
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üͷһﾭγЦΪƫƫܵƽĵؽأŴУӦòɣ
Ƥ΢΢һϷʱͣȴǲ֪λش
ʱһԵѦȴǰһ͵λӣϼһҪϷһµġʵϷͬһʦҵһֱǲֲ٣˭Ҳ˭һε۶ᣬȴӮϷѡ۶ʦϷȴѡˡϷвʣҲû취ѵһѡᣬϷ¸߰μӣ˭·ɱҧϼһˡߺߣʤϷ򣬿ûôˣ
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ƽͣԼϲŭֶƲסʮƷҩľͼ⸱ģʲôɫʦ𣿡һЦﾭγĵذڰ֡
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ⵤᣬȻǸ壡
֪ΪйϤϢˣ𳤷һģһǻһаĹЦ׿ÿɷҡҡԴ
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鲻һ࣬һݣ֣ؿ̨ǸӰҲ˿֮ġû뵽ɸѡʦϿ֮ǰȻĪ̭֮һˣǳ֮󡭡
˴γԵĿǣһƷ鵤ɣ
е˿ţﾭγ۵ײһ˿ϷŰ֮ɫĳոҩѾȫˣʼưɣ

²һͣ˲ʱ˵е˸һɻʵšλˣѵֻһöƷ鵤ûҪ󣿱ٶȣʲôضĵ裿
һҲǽ˰ﾭγѯ֮ɫ
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һʱ䣬ַ˳᲻ỹбè壬ڿǣûע⵽ģ
ǻŸʲô춯ְ
ǳٳٲжﾭγʧЦҡҡͷߴٳⲻ˵ãһ˵˻˲ʱǰһƺȻ˿⡣
죡
ת׻˸ɫ˶أᣬ¶˵΢Цոλ˿˵ˣ춯֣ԱٶȰ
Ǻ˸æһ飬ԼĻ棬ӽϽǵЦݡ
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ǣ˶ӿٶƣˣ治һее޻еȴֻԪ֮
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ͬģȺõϹ֣ʱ˿̣Ҳȼһף˵ƣȴҲһֺе
⻹ϹټλΪ˴βμӵᣬ׼أϾѡְ
Ļ棬ټΪͻϰǿһЩ߰ƷͨҩˣҲһսʵ
ǻһЦݣϹֿԼװ𣬱ĵʱԶ׿ķ
룬׿һأû׷ɱܵߣʲôõóֵĶԼԪ֮ѡ
ǿ߱صĵϣԪ֮һĻ棬򶼴ţ㻹ʲôʸ񾺵أ
ʱСһѾͷ󺹣һ˰ɣߺߺߡ
һЦϹ׿澽࣬ͱö񣬿ǵȥʱȴǵʱɵˡ
ңֹɵۣ׿ΧЩʦǣҲȫɵˣ

ӿĳɫ棬һɸߣȼգ˿Ӱ졣׿죬ȴƽȻĮúܡ
Χȴһ˫˫ǲŵؿ۾գһµġһԵϹ̣ǲ˼ššǡ
Ԫ֮𰡣ôˣбƳƳ׿һȻӣʱһͣҲƤһ飬¶һƬôڶҵ
˰֣Ϲһȵ֪Ԫ֮𣬿ô޻ڵ£Ԫ֮ôһӰ춼ûУ
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һڶϹҲһŵؿػôʦ˭ػ𣿿ԼԪ֮𶼴ţôԪ֮ôʢ
ԣΧҲȫϣؿŪоϾҲʦڿػϣҲҪ̽һġ
ⲻһ
ҡҡͷ׿̧ۿΧһۣʼ˰ٵغ˵˵ԣԵ͵ȼĻ棬ϸߵȼĻ棬ȻųҲԣֻԷͬԲᱻѹѹơһˣǰѻԣ˵У滹ᱻѹ𣿡
һ˱˴˶һۣһ졣ۣǻδأǻˣôܻΪһ̸
·𿴳ǵ˼׿ƲƲǿػı֣ǻˣ߷ֿôܿƵúأҾͲһѴﵽ˻һ֮ҵı۰һ쵽쵽ҲߵȻѹҵԪ֮Ͳ壬ǿػ߾磡
Ŷԭˣ̨ǴŰȻܰѿػ˼£
ǰ̨Ȼֻأȴ̫ˣ̨һеŵɡĻ̨ΪӦͻͽ̨еĺģֵҲ
ûΪԼԵѾ˽ˣμⵤᣬ벻̨ӼչˡǴ˴̨ΪΪѡ̫ϧˡ̨β飬ţպ̨ضһɳ졣ǰ޹˺ߣ
ԶԣǺǺǡ
žžžһΧȫһؿ׿ϹҲĿ͵ؿ۾Ц
ֻϹԶţȴҧҧˡ
ʵû뵽׿б£һͨԪֻܱܱ֮ܣУֱͳ漣ˡ
Ҳòϣ׿ֿػǰ޹˺ߣ߸ҵڸֵ۰
˶û뵽ǣ׿ֿػУϹġ
Ԫ֮֮ţƣţȫػûйϵ̫ǿ
ס׺ֲף
棬νפ˵ųԼԪ֮𣬵֧ŵģȴƣֻ޻ѹôʶôѹ
ͺһ꣬ŰǵɵѾͷȻǿɽּ䣬Щǿȥ۸һˡ
һ̧ףȴѾͷ󣬸ϰһĸ۵ǿǰأ
СѾͷ׿Ԫ֮ϰ棬Щצ޻𣬾ǿ
ЩǿŻСԣŻôɽĺӣߺߡɻûǸأ
һ㣬Χȴֻ֪Ϊ׿Ŀػﵽ˶컯ľأ֮̾ɫ
׿ҲӰ档
ϾУĪҵ·Ǿ̫ҡˡ


876 ͷ
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ߣػǿ𣿡ղһ죬Ϲִֵ̻һԴҵ˵վƷʦǼޣ˼ҳԾҪƷܲ˳ͨԻδأ
ЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ૳ΪЩӲҪľͿػػһϵȻءУȻӣʦӦһ㣬˵ǲǣ
˵ţ׿֧Ԯ
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æͷҲһЦͽ˵Ĳ˵ػҪȻĻҲôվţܶˣ
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̫Ϊˣⵤƣǰʮѣ
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ٺ١ǳ˰ɣոǿػûôϵ·ץסǵСӰ㣬Ϲ̲Ц
ʼ磬ΧҲǲÿɷһЦ͵Ӱ̫࣬ػ֮һܷǰéÿ౾ΣͲö֪ˡң֮̽ʱѾʼ֣Щֶˡҹǰһλѽˣ
ʲô
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һͣ˿Ǽеɫȴʼ磬һ޹ࣺôǵǹ򣬷СһֱŹ߶ͣ
ţ˵ĺеʱ׿Ҳ΢΢ͷʾͬ㾿Эҵģ谭ҵİ
ɫһϹ̺ݺݵһۣĹĵ죬Ҳô˵Լĥʱ䣬ֵͷˡǶˣ
˵ţϹһָϹֵķȴǵʱסˡ
Ϊǵã˫ǻʶġ˳ָȥ׿Ҳ΢΢ͷ૳õģ
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ѽڲſʼҲˣ
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ݺݵһۣϹ̲ȥǣֻһһŵض׿
׿ȴ˿Ϊ⣬ǻһаĻȣŻֻ΢΢һ׼ɵˡ
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Ƕףʱ׿ջ𣬱ȻҩĻΪҽʦĴɡ
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ټҲ˻ٵ°ɡϾ̨ϵ߲û˵ҪȡǰλֻҪҩΧܡ
һٵɾǰ˿ûΧϣ˰λ̨﾿ôİ
ôˣϹ̲ΧЩ˾УҲ³׿ƺһЩ飬ɼ
ЦƲƲ죬׿˿Ϊ⣬ֻ˫ĿضȼյĻ棬ĳûʲôѣᣡ
˵ţѸ£ҲŵĿ£˲֮С
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ٺٺ١ѦͷϷҪɵˣγԾϷʤһﰡ
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϶֣ڱ˴˽ʤ˭Ҳ˭ȴڲ֮䣬󣬺Ѳµ˭ʤߡ
վ׸̨ϣ쿴һеİﾭγϼһţƢҲǲ΢΢ͷο֮ɫԱߵЦϻʦܰһƬʦУҲֻǶңңȣѾϾҪˡˣлһĹĹ࣬ǲԵưγԵͷ͵ڶλǰ֮оˣ
ǣô˵ҲǻˣʦѦɸô꣬ȻҲǸк֣Щʦܱȵϰ΢΢һͷҲЦһ
Цŵͷﾭγɳ̾һ˿ʧ֮ɫ˴εᣬҪĿ߳ϹټҵһȺӡҲˣܹΪ۹һЩ˲šû뵽˲ǲаƽ򣬳Ѧ⣬˶̫ƽӹˣЩȣ̫󣬸פ۶Ϊ۹Ч
ǰҲ˵ة⼸Ȼе˲ţѾة£©֮Уʹ֮˰
ǺǺǡ㵹ǳһ죡
΢һĳﾭγʧЦļ򣬳̾Ҳ˰ɣ۹ǿ˾ţ֮ԸҲ
ϼһѾ쵤ˣλӮ
ȻʱһЦȴͻȻһȥȴ֮Ϸɣеĵ裬ѾԲֻ󵤻վɳɵ
Ѧеĵ裬ȴһЩ覴ãҪȴҲǲһ˿ѣ֮ˡˣʤҲȻֳ
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΢΢һ̣ﾭγɶһۣЦ󣬻ʤȻֻһϼһ˼
䣡
ȻﾭγĻ£ϷĻҲûȫ뵤֮ʣһıȴǵʱ쳹˶ϡ
ţһȻ쳹ˣҵˡ


877 
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һﾭγ˼ԶƬͨͨԪ֮Ľ俴ȥ̲סһ
Ȼʦ죬ѵлδĵţ
̲סһϷҲǱոŵһ£еĵҩû˲ˣɵʱһ
ôܣѵô깵ĵطѦ϶⣬˵Ϸ֮ϣ
ţϷüͷ𣬽Ÿæ콫뵤ڣһڶȻȲңң
ѦҲ΢΢üͷһã֮ɫһˣѦ⣬ҲûǿĴʦ˰
ڣôͳ˸ٶȱʦֵܻҪأ
ôҲ벻ͨۼΪʵĵҲҪˣҲæӿٶȣһҲ鵤һλΡ
ǺﾭγϷѦˣңңǸкɲϡҲͣеĶ澪ؿȥҪ˭ôţٶȶλʦˡ
ةˣȥǲģƳ˰ﾭγһۣ૳ѯʵ
ﾭγȴǻҡҡͷ˼Ȼժȡ˳Եͷ൹ԼһǴţʿ۶ҲӦõġƭңߺߣƢҲô̫º͵ģ
˵ţﾭγ˲Ų̤֮ȥϷѦɶ˼ˣҲǸæϣҪȥ
Ǻ˰һڻɻĿУһ·ǰУܿ׿ʱ˿̣׿ץţδɿ
ո˭ĵɣ
һƬﾭγɨһۣ
ԣ˸æһָ׿ƺ˴Ƶģ˸æ㵽һߣ˽ޣɫҪѿжѿ
ϹҲһԹؿһֹۣס¶ĳݡ
ոǶ׿ҩĲ˶ʱ򰡣ҩĶûأһͬȫץ
Ľ޷ǾҩٻϨκοˡʱ˶ΪˣˣԱˡ
ǺǲףѾֻǷˣɵˣҪˡȻҩȫץеһɲǣͺ˵ɵĺȣҪλʦͷ
ɲһĵᰡŪǷǣ˼ҸϳȥµġǷٰĵᣬϿúܰˣ˵ɣϷˣƽǵԴ顣
˵ãǣУҲ
ǺЩԭȻ̾ػһܵʦǣȴжԶԶһҲʶı顣
ҲֻϹεվߣҲ㲻ˣίúܡ
ôܹ뵽׿ôڷô󵨵ϷˣأҪ˱ɱ˭Ȳ
ϹңңһУȻȴ¶һֻļаЦݡ룬÷׿һжڵãû֣СԼͷˣʡ¡
Ǵʱ˿˵Ļ쳤ЦһСӣҲн찡
һпﾭγƺȻʲôȻľȻת׿㺰ĵɣ
ǣˣ΢΢һͷ׿Цһƽغܡ
ǻһаĻȣﾭγؿһۣȻЦֻЦ֮УȴǱ亮⣺̨ǰڵ۶ʱҲһЩΪҵעװǻƣ֮ͽԴ˽۶߲㡣ȻбµˣȻǲһ˲šǣֱ˵ˣĸо
۾΢΢һУﾭγʲôܣ˽ңëԼϣƴıǵԴΪҹȴչʾܡߺߺߡǸ⣬ҲϷˣңᰴذ£𣿡
Ȼ΢΢ף׿ÿɷ
Ƥ΢΢һﾭγ°ͷ⻹еģѵǰ̩ȻˣԣﾭγѾĿ࿴ˡ
ԭԭ׿ոǷſڵĻǻĨ
Ǻžһﾭγһ׿ֻ֣֣ؾᣬĵ𣿡
ȻһЦ׿̹Ȼ
̹ȻΧЩȴȻҪˡ磬ͦݶϣ˼ҶѾ㽻ԭˣҲ̨¡
ϸֱ˾ˣαػôأûеɣǻ
εҡԴЩһ̾
ﾭγ˿ˣֿ˿ЦҼ̬õˣǰô֮أ̩֮Ȼ̬ٺãϷչϷܻ¶ڵһ졣ôȻ˵ѾɣǾͰɵĵҩóɡٸһᣬ߬ȭͷ߳ȥҵʲô¶ûչֻƣһѳɶ֣ɾʲôˣ
ݺݵؾ˾׿Ϲ̸ʹɫ׿ȴ˿Ϊ⡣
ǺǺǡл˺⣬òƲҪô
Цҡҡͷ׿оâһſֻƣУ²̬ã˸ոյĺʣǿɫɡ˾ˣķӦδȷģ
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ݣ
һƿ죬ǵһӴϱ԰㣬˲˳ȥϷһۼֿ죬ʱһ־£ǵҩضסȻֱջС
Ǵд¶ȣǵʱǹ㣬Ϸæﾭγǰһص˵ͷӣǸոƷƷдģ
ʲôСӺһץȻĸƷˣ
͵һԣ𾪵ĲǰﾭγЩ׿Կֵʦǡǿ֪׿ôģǾΪˣǲһ𺧵Ըӣһͷ񱼡
Ҳɵ
Ϲ̸ǲ˼ؿ׿ǲ֮ɫѵףֻǰҩķŽȻ͵һץͿ
ǼȻˣЩʦǳ쵽¯ǰһһ׸ʲô
֪ʦû׿ĶһǬ
ƾͨһΪǵ֣ŰòҪҪģ󻹳ɹһʦΪͽܡ
žѧ׿Ĳ֮ˡ
ؿһеĵ裬ﾭγٿ׿ЩΡո֮Զ׿ɣȫΪע⵽˶̬Ȳɻģû뵽˼һ֣ٶȳԽʦ
Ǻﾭγة֮ȴҲʿ֮ˣ㻺׿ǰذȥǸλոͻˣе£
˿ˣһ̣׿ÿɷЦЦ
ԶϹֿһУȴҧгݣֻлǲףСӾʲôһҩĶˣô
󣡡۾΢΢һУϹֲص


878 
ĦǿŻЩȵĵﾭγٴο׿޵˶̵ʱڣȻƳƷʵ鵤Ҳǵдʦﰡ
Ҳң˿ˣ΢΢ף׿ǫѷ
ڰ֣ﾭγһЦٴ£ţ٣֪γƺӺζںεأ
¹һϣѶݾǰԺլ
ŶԭǸݵؽ簡ǺǺǡӭӭ
´ϲﾭγٴιһݽǵ۹һͲţʿܲԶݣԵط˰ŹһдʩȭŵĻᣡ
ԣ
ʵҽǵ۹ûκһ˲ţ΢΢һ̣ﾭγһƣ洺˴˴γͷλʦӦλ
˵ţﾭγǰ·Կ˵ķ⣬׿ӡ
°ͷ׿ؿһۣӽ˴˽ﵱ澡ġùʱɱù˳ʱȻΪ˿ûаּӣжȣ򵥰
ȻıϵĳȫѾﵽеļ߾磬һĹ£ôȣ
һ˿ɣ׿Ҳ飬ԸȥһԵϹӦҲϸߣ⣬Ե⡣
ֻһĽʺ޵ʦңң׿˱뵽ǰ棬פʦ֮ǰٹ⣬·ȻΪϱ
ԶԶһеϹ֣Ǻ޵ˡ
ѾѾ˸޵ģΪһ鷳ˣԴҪˡһ˲Ĺȴǵʱ·תһﲻԴסˣͷܵ˵ݡ羴ʵд
Ҫ֪Ӳжѡְһ油ôͷʲô
һˣϹ־ӿˮǿϹ׿һ˷ϲ֮ɫֹסظеߺޡ
ΪʲôѵһΪƷʦ
вʣݺҧݣԹ˫ͫǲǰȻԵõӰһ󸹷̡
ߺߺߡչŵģ˵̫磬ԽߣˤԽءһվƷʦˣļˡߵôߵλãȸԵʱĵ˰ˣ类˺ȥ
ϹټҵϣǱĹͣ䵽ͷϣߣ
ӲӺúɽˮ꣬ǵƣ
вϸԼοϹȴһƬ֮ɫеĻҲȼգһɵ
Եʦǿ⸱ӣȴһɶͷԣһƬɻ
λôˣûðɣԣܵʦ
ôǰﾭγõ𣬷ŵ¡ոջвأھͰѶԷϱӭǰˣм˿ûκγͣ
һ棬һĽ֪ʱϹٷƺ͵ȻԵõߣ˸ոյһĻϹٷƸоâһͷȺԣϷҲʲС֣Ҫ˼ǵ۹ةأߺߣ
ȻһЦһҾƣЦǺǺǡԵܳŴûȣةְ֮Ϊһһ𣿡
һôˣǵ۹ڣܽһءûһţǵ۹ݣܵפŽְ֮
ô˵¿䣬ƽ¿ġ⽣ǵ۹ƣȷǿܽڳšﶼһ¡
ģоâһضǰﾭγЦݣĿڣ⽣ǵ۹ǿһϵĹɶﾭγأ˵ûаﾭγܽҪݣȷܣȴǼΪѡôҪ˰ɡ
۾΢΢һУϹٷؿһۣҲ΢΢ͷ૳ǰݵʵǿʢһЩԾŽƣͿԶˡﾭγôĲϾҪЧˡ
ףСôҲˣ
ȻϹٷƻ£ȴǵʱһ˼ؾгţк¶һã֮ɫѵҲ
ز⣬Ϲٷһɵؿϼһ˵˭ˣ
Ŷûʲôϴˣ
ȴЦҡҡԴÿɷЦЦֻеľƺҲǰôɵˣǺݺݵץ˫ͫоâ˸˸֪ʲô

ǰλãλϷ֮ǰﾭγʱ׿һݣЦ˴˴ףڴ˴ʱҲϸһ漼
˿ˣ΢΢һЦ׿ÿɷ񡣰ﾭγ΢һͷ񣬱ת̨ۿ˵ˡ
ֻ׿ȣȴǻĺء
бƲ׿ϷϼһﶼһӣҲͬɻʵ׿ΪͣȻϱǻһôҲ벻ͨ˵
СӣʦкŰ
ҴģǺǺǡϷб׿Цһܵ
˼Ϸ˲˴˶һۣǲмƲƲ죺ߣ˵ˣϷҲںʵ㣬Ƕ˶ҪϵġƷֶǲãͶԲǶʦԼԸո˵ǱٶȣǶĶǼƷΪԼƷٶȳǣ͵ˣ
١ϼһƷΣǸոտ˷˴ʱԣ׿δ˵һԵϹǵʱˣشг
ǻû˵꣬׿һְסЦλǰ˵ǣѧǳոɿһ㣬λǰҪⰡ
ôܸһСһأǶݶ
˰֣Ϸ˿Ϊ⣬̲ס̧ƳһۣòϵƷΪܹǻ죬˵鼫ˣΪ˵ԺᳬԽǣǰ;һƬСӣúøɣ
ʧЦŵͷ׿΢΢˱ȭллǰ̧
ûж˵ʲôϷ˻ӻ֣ȥˣǶת׵һɲǣȴǻһۣ̾Ϣһ˼ĸо
ǳǰˣһһǿȻе˵в
һǵһμϣʧı飡
̨֮ϣﾭγ·ˣ¶һ˿Цһλ˲ţȻѾõλʦĳϡΪв㣬кֵܴεᣬĻͦɹôñһλ˲ţǺǺǡ
һԱصϲˣΪ۹ٵһͲ
ƨ
˰֣ﾭγɫһ䣬Щ˵ĵѾòˣȥЩ𶼴ŵķȫϳȥϹټô˵ҲǶݵһ壬ȻҪ̽ô涼׼ãߺߺߡ
ǣةӢ
΢΢һǻȥˡ


879 ū
ʲô˼һûʼأ
𶼴ţ㻹ʲô
ⲻƽǴ𣿷ǱѹƵǲ۸ʦûĻ氡
һسǿʼЩûüʼʦǣʱ㱬һֺȡ
ûǵĲֻذץȻݺϵſڣݺݵض˳ȥáҲûá
ǻвʣǿЩʱųǿƣȥ֮УǼ˱ɱ⡣
ԣȥض⵽ֵĨɱ
أһˣֻһ뿪⣬ҲٴλָƽûκһԹԸҷһ
ﾭγվ̨֮ϣĿһУɫ쳣ٲǰ׿ʿ翴һ㣬ֻ޾Įӣ
⣬ǽǵ۹ة࣬ﾭγһʵߣ
Ͽɵ˲ţԷΣߵȫةݣɶЩ۵ӹ֮ȫ񺮶ûһ˿¶ȣ
⣬ȴҲһ׼λ߸þеƷʣԵ侲ϣ
ųһô
һУ׿۾һУȻڲźܿͻҪǸˣ
뵽׿ת׿ϹһۣȴǵԼ鵤һĵؿЩʦǣһߵΣֻı顣
Ƥ΢΢һ飬׿ΰ̾ҡҡԴ
׳գȻ˿ûʶŴѾץþѽ
˿ﾭγ̧ɨ·һۣȴȥٶˣѾֻˣЦһ΢΢˵ͷλøոҵ׷񣿡
Ӣʮ׵һȭ˽ɽХش
ʧЦһ׿ÿɷҡҡͷ
˶Ǽȵߣų˾֣ǵȻ׵ˡС⣬ǸԼ
ӰĵȷǵᣬǲԴᣬЩųȥģĲϸ񣬲ǵ۹ϷŪǡ
ҪȻ۹Ͱܻˡ
ص˵ͷﾭγƺȻԼҸͷȻʦöÿһȫԸμӵᣬ͵ĵ۹ᣬϵָָǻ汻ѹ˾ռߡ׼μӡȻû׼ȫط֮вӣôˢҲ֮ˣ
ԼǣǶǻõģһϱ˹ȭЦ
Ҳæͣһһ󡣷·һƨ˼ҾͻƵġ
ֻ׿ϷѦɵˣĬʾȻǲԸҲۣͬһʦӦеƷʡ
ôеʦǴǿСģһʼҲֻӵԪ֮棬ҲǧշģһһϦ
ʦļѣֻʦһЩʦҪҵ棬ҲǺѵģеҪۡ
ûлģͲ˾Ĩɱһ㣬͵Ĩɱ˴ǰԼ
Դʱ˿̣еǵʦԸسĬˣЩͣ룬ķ֮ˣѲΪʦǳ֮е˰ˡ
ؿ˵Ķﾭγ׿ǲԲ죬Ҳ΢΢ͷһ޷Ҫ˲š
Щһƨ֮ˣȴҲ¶мЦݡЩˡߺߣһξͲټӶѣ
ţﾭγǻһа컡ȣĳôɸѡʽʼ

һͣڳЩղŻȸԾǣʱסˣˣ˵ʲôɸѡʽʼոǲ𣿡
ȻˣΪôף
ЦҡҡԴﾭγոֻųȥһѣɸѡڲŸտʼأǵĵҩóɣ
˵ţﾭγйһ˵䣬һͷĻ߽Ⱥ֮УʼŲǰ鵤ˡ
ʱ䣬ˣ̬еǣеĳеĵеšŲһʱĹ˵鵤ֳһ
֪ôֵģǰɵǰ֣Ҳǰ鵤Ʒ֣ҩУȫŲͬƷʵ鵤ƷƷƷƷһ㡣
ҩﾭγǰ쿴أһָһЩˣҺȥ
ǣ
һݣЩһ룬嵽˸ʦǰȻһץӥץС㣬ɵˡ
ֻٱץǰǻǲףǾΪʲô̭
ȵȣȵȣƷΪλᱻ̭
ڣ˲ȳһָһڰ͵Ц˵ұÿ죬ҲãֻƷΪδҪ̭ң
˼˾ٱҲ̲סһӷηηؿ̨ϰﾭγ
ҲԼṊ̀ˣǾǲ֪Ϊαˡѵ˵Ǹ˿ˣ
ϲͨأڱ˾ٱȴǵʱŵһмȺǣǾٱߵʮ˴һ顣
̵ģܱ£ãܵΪɶ㱻̭Ҫһ
ǰﾭγԣȴ˿Ϊ⣬ЦΪĵҩŨ鵤鵤ûƵ鵤

һͣ˵ʱﾭγɣø׷ˣǺܿһشѾ׶ĵҩŨΪõǰƷҩȻŨˡǵҩûҵĺáƷҩƷʣҪƷҩĺã˵ҵ֮ϣ
ˣҲͷʾͬ
ǡ˵αȵ𣿡
ȻﾭγȴüͷһÿɷЦҪסԺ۶ҪźҳԱġҪһǵǷȫԸľġҸոտǵĲƷٶȣܾܲԼȫأƷѸ
ȴ֣ЩʦֻԼżҵҪðƷҩĿԾȴƫƫҪƷҩƷðƷҩƷƷȴƫƫƷҩģƷƷУǵǻңʡҩģҲҪǵǿֻҪȫԸõĵҩϾС̭ЩˣȫûȫԸˣǻʲô˵ģ
⡭
Ӳһ˻࿴һۣȴûл˵ˡΪﾭγո˵ĻȻʦҪȴǹٳҪ󣬺úһūţ
ǰԼķǺԼΪΪԺҪúһΪЧūŲҪ
Ҫǧټפ۶ҪôǺǡ


880 صע
ҡͷЦһһ˻ľسԭлʾû˵⡣μôೡᣬڵ˽𣬽һ˰ǺǡҲã̭ȴұ̭ˡλǣףԺ˺ͨ
ݺݵظڳ˱˱ȭ΢΢һЦתȥҪϳȥҲԸˡ
һʦϣǲ˼̤ģ
˿ǹ°ѵıӰζӳ£ĨЦݣ֪ǳЦʧ䣬ǵԺ֮ȥвζ
ˣȨˣ
ڣվ˳ﾭγһݣĳ²ʺ۶Ǻúңʦĺã
ؿһۣﾭγ΢΢ͷǷԸΪ۹ЧֻƾĶΪҲǿ󣡡
лˣһݣҲת뿪
أȻ䣬ԽԽѡ뿪Ϊ˵̰ͼҪĵ߻ҪסģǾΪʦ
Ǻлûн븴ʱгȺӵ뿪ֻаˡ
һ棬ڰϹٷƲһ꣺ﾭγСӲƳɳôɽⷬСۣȴǵʱʧȥһʿⲻƽʿ֮簡
ǺǺǡ֣ǲǺͿˣΪǵ᲻ɣ
оâһʧЦˣﾭγϹټҵأЩй˶ˣµԽ٣Խ׷ֱ档ô˵˭ߣϹټҵǾԲߵġһ㣬ﾭγϵŻ˵ôߵĻɡ
΢΢һϹٷһɵؿ˵ЩϹټҵڣǸոСѾһƱˣҲߵоϹټҵأ
ﾭγ£δй©һǶ൱
۾΢΢һУ૳˵ǲ֪ųԭʲô϶ģڽ£֮ˣϹټҵϸ
ؿһۣϹٷƳҲ΢΢ͷ̾ǰﾭγγأš
磬ĵᣬһǵһμأ׿ӣϹ̵ƺҲһӶֻűֻ̬ܰйԼĲ
ϹټҵĴС㶼߰ﾭγۣǾ͸˵ʦˡģϹټҵ̽⣬ƾȫЩԸΪȨƶʦų֮ˡ
һȴСӵ⣡
תңңһԶϹ֣ȴһӣƺԼˣ׿ҡҡͷʧЦһ
СӣûʶѾԽԽ
ոհﾭγɸѡԭҲûףһȫˡ
ϹټҲһϹٷ֪ģôӵʼٰΪ̶ֹʮѡ
ô̵ʱڣһʦ췽ҹ̷ɵ񡣵ͻһ£Ūαʦȴײˡ
Ըոǳԣ˵ٶȣ˵Ǽ
һԣʦǾ£𲽵ݽһƷʼÿһ͵أȻܽߵĵʦ˵ʮۺ
˵һƷʦ˵ֻҪеƷµеҩƳ
ǣһʱͻαʦƷʸһĵҩԲܣֻЩ׵ͨҩѡ
Ҳ˵ӺܱƾΪƷƷȴ޷ƷƷƷǶϲˡϹ֣Ĵڡ
Ҳϵһ㣬ﾭγʱĺģȴʾһ֡ǱЩģҪĵҩƷƷҲûҪ
һ鼱֮£죬ֻܿΪ̺ҩƷ߳ɵˡһЩʦаǣ˵ƷƷҩһ֤ԼƷʦݡ
ǰﾭγȴⲿ̭ˣʵϾ֤ǲϹټҵˣµˣΪصע
ǰﾭγƲߣֻ׿⣬˶ûпˣֻΪʮأ·רΪ۶Ƕһ
ȴ벻֪ΪϹټҵϸʵӣ
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ĿҲ̫˰ɣ¼ȡҪʲôƷ˵¼ȡǸƷģǵĶ˵ȥ
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ĵᣬҲ̫û׼˰ɡ
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վΪֵ˼ȷ׿ԣѹ׵ĿұóɣҲǽ߾ȫƳƽõĵҩС
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ԵǣǼҪҲܱǰҩĵȼͣΪΪĸˡ
Ǻ˴˻һۣ˽΢΢һͷƺȻ˾⡣һ󱸣Ҫǰǿ͵ԼȫԸˡһ;ֻʦԼ֪˼ǸҲŪȥˡ
ǣ·ǿ˼ﾭγңңɨһۣЦñˣС˵˴εֱԣ¼ȡıԣҲò֣
ˣԺ⣿
͵һ˲ٴεʱһһؿ
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ʲô۶ʦҪֵһڳ˶ɵסˡ
Ļʱƴƴ־Ϊһ㳤̫͸ˢʵ̫ˡ
ЦҡҡԴﾭγÿɷҲûܣôͨڶֺ󣬾˼Ļᣬ̸ֵأǺǺǡ˭˵׼
һͷ£㿴ңҿ㣬ҡҡͷ³һٸǰ;һƬĵ⵱ȨߵƷζҲ̫ˣиʦֲСôƤأ
һ԰صϹٷƣⷬ˵ǣҲ̲סȫƤֱ顣
̵İﾭγôϷϷԺҪҪˣ
˿ϹٷƿһԵĵָԶİﾭγֵСԷ壬ϢǴȥΪϷɫ֮أϷԺμˣ
ÿɷذڰ֣ҲȻʧЦĪǰﾭγҲҪץϹټҵϸô֮һ仰ôУ˶пܶҡ˾֮ģΨϸȻᶨƣ
ǡô˵ųϸߣôֱ棿üͷֱϹٷĹĵصԶǸЦӰ
ͬ˰ﾭγһۣḧ룬ϸϸ˼ȴǻҡҡͷ϶Ĵ㣬Ǿͺã
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ƲһۣҲɵȻʧЦȻؿǰ׿
Сһؽ羿Ҫʲôѵй𡭡

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ΪոյĳɵٶȣӦòͨƷʦѵõհƷʦɡٺٺ١ǼΪϡаСӣν츳
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ʼ磬׿ҲȥǣֻΣʯɳʱǰһ󷨡
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ǻһصЦݣ׿ѸٴûʽҪʮһƷ鵤ɾ̫ˣǺǺǡ

ģ׿־ոմ꣬һָһ㶶쳹ա׿һ־Ԫ֮ϯҩıȫȻէһʱڿշɳ׳ۡ
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һܵľ޺𣬾ʱʼݺݵײһ𣬾ͬһ㡣ڵҩҺҲÿһײУϵں


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ԣ׿²ЦСӶ䵽ˣʵҲɵЩС⡣
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ҲλǾôˣôÿ˾һ鵤ʲôʲôԹ
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һƽһԽӼԵƬ̣ر˱ȭﾭγЦת·
ЩڰﾭγΧǣȫһĽʺ޵ؿ׿ֱӴӵڶ־ͽĸְԶýУȻñнرչˡ۶»ٻֿɵá
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ԶԶһУϹٷбƳ˵һۣЦϼһ߰ɣˡҵҪڲﾭγĴ֮УǺǺǡ


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ϹһֱķѾڲɶﾭγȴϲعƻڣϹͫһʱ°ȥߺȳ
һﾭγϹٷƱ˴˶һۣǴϲϹټҵˣҵˡң˳ϹٷǾ˾ˣҲ˵ϹټϹٷ۵㰡


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˵ϷôϹټÿļף㵱ʮඣ
ǵȻ
оâһϹֹ˾ˣϹټÿ棬ҪʮԼΪݣϹټҶսʮꡣԡʮʱǰһ죬ڶʱųԡԱྻ֮ݼ棬ʾʮԲ֮⣬Ϊ
Ƥ΢΢ϹٷƲɴϲЦֻϹټҲеڣÿ룬Ϊʮλ˸֪һ㣡
ôô˵ĻϹټҵ̽ҵඣ
΢΢һ̣ﾭγЦϹȴһţӡ
ȻһЦﾭγὫ𣺡ϹٹĪҪţǷô󾢶Ѱ㣬ûб˼ָֻ·ѡϹټңպǷƽͶˡңոջ˵Ƿƽôһϵڣպǰ;һƬ
ǰ˵ϷϹٷǰôϹټҵˡֻҪмӵԸͶһչˣοԼˡˣǡԣϹٷҲ΢΢ͷǰô䣬һ֮ɫ
һݣϹϽԼһһʮ棬Ϲٷ΢΢ͷһȻ˽ˣŶԭӰǺǺǣͷˣ뵱ǵĹϵǺܲģ
Ҳ˾ˣ˵ʮýأǺǺǡϹ΢΢һЦҲ˳Źϵ
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ڶǰѲۣﾭγЦһϵƽǾ˾˺ؾۣȻϲɺأڶžۣ֮֮ǰ໹ϹٹӰæǳ֮⣬ʣУɻϹټҵˣ
Ƴηηһۣ˶壬һؿҲѾˣ·ǸϹټҵģ֮ҪʲôֻҪΪϹټҵˣܻˡ
ԣ˿ϹֵǰɫʱֻҪϹֵͷǾܡ
ةˣϹټҿûӹ֮üͷһϹЦһһĮ
һǶ˫һ˲̱ڵأ֮ɫ
ؿһۣﾭγЦŵͷϹٷƵˣոɱӺΪҪѰֹӣȻûϹټҵˣǾͽǴȥɣ
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ǺǺǡİɣֹӣ˺úÿǵġ¹ˣŷǣЦŰڰ֣ﾭγȰο
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ǰԺżңоâһϹһЦܸɴس
üͷһﾭγǰԺżңƺе찡
ܲôة࣬żҲǱ𴦣ǽΪϱģһѣ
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һϹ΢΢һ죬صͷ
İɣȻǹӵˣ಻ġڰ֣ﾭγŵ
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Ϊ˵̫ˣ£һݾߣ΢΢һ̣ﾭγоȣңǻҪϹټҴϢأ
ҪʲôϢҿ԰ɴظϹֱʾ׿ģҲ
ﾭγһۣȴʧЦҡԴֹӣ治УΪ˴εᣬѱ̭ˣ
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ǰ̭ܹһֱϹٷǵĶ
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۾΢΢һУϹֳΣȴǲԣǲǶ֪ϹټҵڹլֱͻϮˣαء
ǺǺǡү㻹ûҵ˼
ǻȣﾭγĽ͵ϹټҸƣȥͻϮһɢץСබѣֿɲ׾ͷڹլΧ壬Ҳܿ챻Ƿ֣òʧôõĶսص㣬ڡʱǲ׵ǽɾͳȥˣ
̲ס͵һϹͫ΢˼ǣҪȫߣ
ǺǺǡ˵ҲǸ̰ĵˡҪôҪôã
˿ۣﾭγɳ˿аЦϹټҴս󣬶˥ʱΪ˴ս۽ʣ֮ˣȥݣΪǵӦؿ¶ݡʱƽ˶֮˳Ϊһٹ⡣˳㽫£Ҳ׾ٵġڽʱӢۣ踺أòƽ֣඼һ£֤ر˹顣
ƤͣضţϹֵڶˡ
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ﾭγǽǵ۹һңة𣬷·𿴴Ϲľس㣬ÿһ仰֢ᣬϵ˿ΣֹĨǡ
ףĸͻϮżңϹټҺܴ˾Ϲٷۺͼλʵ־סǣϹٷԳҲһ
ǰﾭγҪȫǾˣϹٷۣ׾˾˰Ҳһֱչףõ׵
պϹ֪ȫ约ĵĻŹأ
ڣﾭγһ˵ȴǵʱ⿪Ľᡣ
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Ϲֵģʱͷƫơıǣ׳Ϊİףħ֡
ˣһûκθУأȻͻٲ֮У̶԰Ρ
Ҳһ룬ﾭγܰڸһУѣΪһаѱ߬ء
㣬ʹһϻ˵ģһɡûԴһעûзء
û뵽Ǹȥ룬ֻһڣҪﾭγٿضѡ
ϾڣﾭγץӵĶ
ûעģ˾ˣҲãԼ
ôǾô˵ˣֹӣ
󣬰ﾭγϹᱧ˱ȭЦϹҲһݣȻȻ뿪
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Ҳ˽ˣ
ͬʱϹٷҲת׿һƬѪϾͬûʲô飬ҲòôҪذɡߺߣԼᶪˣ
΢΢ͷﾭγҲЦһǰոҲûҪŹһıԶѣһԻԳˡСӡΪãҲΪšˣȥѹլСӣ
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һһȥǻ뿪ϹٷƵٴ𣺡УǸҲҿСΪʥǾٸһ޳ܵɣΪɣǺǺǡ
ݸһЦﾭγҲ΢΢˵ͷƽ˵Ĳ໹һЩɻ뽣ɣ
ة˿˵޷
ǾǣˣСĹϵ
ǲ΢΢˶ϹٷƲмƲƲ죺ƨĹϵѾͷǰһ󸾣úܣϷͷ벻жӣߣ治֪ĸù䵽Ѿͷˣʮһĸҹ氡
ǽ˸ոջװһ֮ӵӣݼǰɴЦһﾭγϷŰ֮ɫܿüͷһ壬̾ҡҡͷֻǹŴʦפģû뵽ȴƫƫϹټҵǣһˡôݲεðǡǹŴʦһǾ̫ϧˣĺ̰
һ̾ţﾭγԺȥϹٷؿһۣҲǽة࣬ǰа

һӺԺһСͤܶûˣֻһһٶеض裬ò⡣
ϵģնٵģȴ׿ˡ
˿ɫ׿òˣʧЦϣǱӦóˣƺܿ죬ﾭγҪҵͷˡģǻһ糣లµġڣǰҸ񾴣
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üͷһת׿ȥȴ˲Ǳˣǰﾭγ˹Ա߻Ϲٷơ
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ŴʦĻһǫǫð֮ǺǺǡ𣬲Ȼ֮
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üͷ̲סһضȴǲÿɷ
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šŴʦȺ⣬ȷûͨˡϹ˵ûŴʦȷʵǱϹټӲ̽ӵģϹټûôϵ
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Ժһ׵СͤУĵӰ̸Цò졣ĸδѰ㣬˴˽̸ŸԵĵãȻ죬֪֮ġ
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΢΢һͣ˶ͣбյת׿ȥȴ֪ʱͥԺǰվһλŮȴϹɡ
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λǹŴʦıãСɣǺǺǡ
оâһȻһеϹٷƣԼŻţұ¶ݵֶŮȻһЦָһλȻո̸һɡ
üͷ΢΢һϹΪϹټҴС㣬Ҳǵһε̽ӣ˵ǰѾ׺λ϶ѵΣҲĿԼе壬Ϲٷƣֹס¶˽֮ɫ
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ô˵ո˽̸ʱﾭγǱѾ̽Ե̽̽ĵףҲǡôıһ˿ţϸ緶Ƿ˾裬ΪԼǳ뽭ĴϸءϹһã
ǻһЦ⣬ϹٷƽϹ̲ţȴԽţһ仰˵ãִЦһЦϷǰһ𣬹ȲҲֻôضϷ򣬿ʲô𣿡
̲סһϹ̸Ӿȴǵʱ֪λظأһ϶ܵĺˮ
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ǣһݣ׿Ҫˡ
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΢΢һ׿ƺйɲЦһڰֵлү⣬ؼõĵƸӣʱĳʵڲ˵ơסУ»Ǿȥư
ؿﾭγ۾һУЦһȻˣǾͲŴʦˣֻŴʦ׼ҲգǾҪǰ۶ˡǡŹľҩʦһҪЯٲסˣ
Ӳһͣ׿ЦſһۣεͷʹϹ뿪ˡ
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ǽнԶӰ޵Ƴ˰ﾭγϹٷƶһۣ૳ȻŹëôסأ˵ǸոյķӦҲ̫Ȼ˵㡭
ȻȻˣ̽ӣнŸôƵƵҲ֮УǺǺǡ
£Ϲٷǲÿɷذڰ֣Ц
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նոմһϷ֪顣
΢΢һ̣ﾭγػǾâڸղţѾץһ̽ӣǶ˵ĴڣϹټϸһһһһͣ˫հǺԼ֪̽ӣĸĸǰĸǸߣĸǵͣŪɳ׾ȫץסˣ
˿ȻǱС˵ˣﾭγ֪ݣҲҶֻǲ֪飬
ţʵȻˣΪλҪأ
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˵ͷϹٷƼڹһΪ̽ӣֻǸ֣ոҲˣȻ򾲣ϸϻвٴ©ֵġֱӸ̯ƣϹټҴϢϹټЩϼһǰһҲǽ©ٳϹټҵ̽ӣơ˵鱨Ǽ٣Ϊ棬Ϲټҵ˾ͻΪ档Ļ֮տɴӡ֮ٽΪãһ

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΢΢һͣοﾭγЦҡԴ
۹ة࣬γ֮ţοҪͷˡΪǴõǸСӣǸŲߵСﰡ
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˫֣˴˸ŶԷϵĲֻ׿װģϹȴĵ


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ӻһͻɫ׿ҡҡԴһͽļ򣬰Ӱţǲǻõ㣿һǻҪȥ˾˸أܲôѿɫɣԺ󶼲ٽҪˣ
ʵ׿Ϲ¶ߣϹٷ۷ˡ
ڰﾭγǰװ¶ΪţԼǸ̽ӣΪ֪Լ̽ӣҲһԼϢԼܽյһȥ̵
ǣѾͷɫϹٷǷֵĻһɣôǶûɣһ⡣
ĻҲмͻ˫֪²ܺݺײһˡ
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СѾͷǸʲôӳûˣåӰοռӱˣԵĶ𱨰
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Ϲû˵ȥ׿Цһ˵˳ǺǺǡոҲӲŵģȻһ¶ҼһνСô죿ҵʦ˵Լ֮ССҲԼĻȻһ㣬Թ֮ˣΪȥƤҲĥñȳǽսǻˣ
˵ţ׿⽫յϹǰȴǽÿһЦЦŰƿˡ
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ض׿ǿЦ棬Ϲ£ʱһϧ֮⣬֪ģҲ̲ס
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ӭϵľش
ȻҲֻϹԼĸоѣʵϣ׿Ǹ䷲ʹеĻ壬ʲôĸûں⼸Ԫߣ
ֻһ㣬ȴҲǶԵģǰ׿Ͷˣһϸ߲ģĹԶϷܶӡ
Ǽ߶˵¥ȫҪֻһػ۷壡
ǰŲһһŮӰܿͻصǵסϤĴţϹ̲΢΢һĪЩʧ䣬Ϊ·ô͵ˡ
׿ӳţûĸоʱ˿죬ദЩʱ
׿ȴûʲô룬ǰҪšǻ£Ϲ̵ȴٴ𣺡һ£
ôˣһ㶣׿׿ȥɻ
˼ϹһҧֿǸСӵĻ𣿡
üͷһ׿⣬΢΢˵ͷ
ô㰮𣿡
Ƥ΢΢˲׿вЩʣȻص˵ͷ
ҧҧ촽Ϲ̲˵ˣܵǰš
׿һ㶣ԣѾͷ⣬ҪʲôϹ̲ٿҲ˵ֻأԵԴ
ܿ죬֨ѽһˣͨشƳһۣεôǲŻǸƨͻˣ
ٺٺ١˵ɣԺ壬ֵܣɲٷ̰ˣ
ͨϹ̷·һзնˣཱུޣݺһڣСӣùùһ£
ţֽͨ£ƻܽ˺Ժ
һ㶣ͨһãؿ׿ֵϵùôˣ
ô֪
η۶׿ÿɷ񣬵Ǻܿһ㶣һؿͨСӣոսʲô

һͣͨСһ죬૵ùð
ߣСӣݸϷˣСԴ׿ʧЦȥȴȫûз֣ͨ
׿ҿȴǿտҲûһһôˣϹټҵʧܺͱѣת˲ɣ
ǻ˼ǽ⿪һȴǵʱ˷ϹټҼϹٷ۸Ǵͷ׿ǰλߣλɡ
һЩϹټҸ֣֮ڣһϲؿĵͨ죬ȴȻţͣЪ
еã׿Цһε˾ˣǡ
ʲôҲ˵Ƕ֪ˣ
˰֣Ϲٷ۲Цһ㼼ѹȺۣϹٷƺͰﾭγΣΪϱһ£Ѿȫ֪ˡһȻûϷʧɹ˷֮СңСӲصÿɹȻʮһƷʦ֪ˣһȥ͵ˣ
ݺݵش׿ؿһ£ϹٷϻοļͷѣһڿϹټҵӢ۰


892 ȫͼ
Ҳң˾ʵڹˣΪϹټЧȮ֮ͣʵҰ
Ϲٷ۵Ŀޣ׿ȴǼ˰֣һǫѷŵֻƤȴѾЦ˻С˵־֮硣ͲϿ֣ɪˣ
ؿһۣϹٷ۲ȻһЦҡҡͷĵףȴȻȻ׿ȥǲо֮磬̺ŵ󣬵÷ϵǣȷʵ֮˭޷ʤεĹѫ
ֻƾһ㣬һЩ޹شŵСϸھͲôҪˣպ̾ǡ˵ʦһо죬Ҳ̳ܰŹӣϹټҷ磡
ţϹٷۿ׿۹⾹ԽԽ˳ۣԽԽϲֻ˵ȿ׿Ҳһȫ˵ӡ
˭ϹټҵľӢ£˼ҸأλĸΪϹټҳ˶ˣܵĻ̫˵ȥˡϾ˼ҿĵİ
һ˫˫ƽĺͲм񣬴ʱ˿̶ڻˣ׿Ŀⶼ֮ͬУеƵ֣ûͣ
ʱһỺŲһϤӰ׿ļͷ
һ㶣׿ת׿ȥȴ˲ǱˣѻصϹɡֻڵϹֶȴûаֵ֮⣬Ȼرȭ֣ϲϲΪϹټ˴󹦣ΪȻپϹټңһ·ͬʱҲΪΪֲĪĹʧ
ɹڲΪִ˴ʧܣΪˡ˵ڲ˽ε£ϹټжٸֻͷӬ㴳ȥִ˹Ϲټǧĺ湦֪ҪϹټҶ顣ΪڴˣԼҲϹټҴ˴βμͻϮˣлִ£
ϹĿֿ⣬һмȥ鶯ˣ죬ڳҲһͷ
ؿһۣ׿Ҳ΢΢һЦ֪СӱʵĻҲҪⷬˡ
ȻϷܲУ
۾΢΢һУ׿һЦȴǴֽںʵǿˣһϵƣΪϹټЧʲôңҲҪڣİɣ

ӲһͣϹͳ˳飬ȴЩΡСʲô˼
һ˵˵ʲôĻģҲǶȻ𣬱˵ЩĻϹٷҲüͷ̲ס˶߳
˰֣׿ƺǿ˰㣬æͣǵģ˾ˣҵ˼ǣδɵ־ɡ
͵һ飬ϹüͷһһԴ¡
⻹ղأǰǼ裬ڿɺãѾȷˣ־ˣС治һ
ǵģ˾ˣҵ˼ǡ
ϹֵɫΧЩϹټҵ˿׿Ҳ̲סЦ׿ƺӽţ˵ɲ˵£ɣˣҲ쵽Ŀ

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˵Сڿǹǲãⷸŭ
СѾںԣԼ֪Լ˵ʲôʱȴÿһ䶼Ҳʵǹ˵õġ
ѵԼôôӣ
׿Խŵݣ˵ʲôϹһͷǲȥˡϹٷƺҲȻȫȥһĻڰֵˣ㲻˵ˣϷ˵ɣ˼ǲǣһͬ壬ǰ̣Ϊ
ûҾ˼
ݺһĴȣ׿ЦһҾ˵⹦ҲдһڣǺǺǡ
֣ʵ̫ˡ΢΢֣ϹһεЦЦ
ϹٷˣҲ̲סЦСƽʱģʱ𺬺ˡʮϲĻôͱ˵ôɥϷҲ֪Ϊ̶˵ôôˣԭǸС˻죬˰
Ǹ˾ˣҰѱôˣԭ£ͬһµĺӰ㣬׿ʱڵϻȦȦһί
νذڰ֣Ϲٷ˿Ϊ⣺ްֻҪһЩϸڲô̫ںһ
˵ţϹٷ֣صһ׿۰ֿΪϷΪϷһڵ£û뵽ôΪϹټҽ湦Ϸ򵱳ľû
üͷ΢΢һ׿Ϲٷ۵Ҳж
ǰۣʱҲǾôӹ棬ȥִģڿȻû
ʱҲ֪ܵشЦһ
ԣȴüͷһη۶һмϼһﵱôͲˣ˼ӣºˣУ
Ϲٷ۵ͬλǿĿޣϹټ˿׿ȴǸֿˡ
龰һԵϹĵ׵ӰȴǸ࡭
֮־һЦϹٷ۲ɫһ࣬⣬׿һǱΪϱʲôջ񣿡
˾ˣұȥ̽һϧм䱻ն£ãԾ͡
ʲôնҲˣһϹٷ۵ʱת׿Ϲ֣жɫ
ͬǲ⣬Ϲֹ˾ˣڲδնӰ֪£
ȻصͷϹٷɫ̾һϹٷȻԶԸһŽе۹ةﾭγ򡭡˴жԽԽˡǲ˽Σٴ´˴εʧϴλҪöడ
գɫһƬ΢΢ͷ
İɾ˾ˣһᾡ̽ģоâһ׿ɲϹټҵжһΪĻжҲ޷չ
üͷɽţϹٷ۵Ǹ˵𣬰ﾭγҪѡõʦص۶չˣ˿㣬ü̽𣿡
һü
Ȼ׿˵һŮǶȻ
һ㶣ת׿ȥȴ֪ʱϹִӺԺ˳
дɻϹٷ۲ʵ̶һԺк֪ܳʲô
ȻǸˣ
üͷһƣϹһЦһͼֽϣǰϹٷһһǡ
ͼ
ǻһЦݣϹ̵ǰնסʱתһȦ̽Щֻȥ֮أֻЩͨеĵطӣҲһ崦ҪĶط֮һ
ؿŵͼϹٷ΢΢ͷҲ˵
ҵǲȫŵͼоâһ׿


893 ƿؾ
ݣ
ĺԺУϹҿûˣ͵͵óһŴ̵ӡһ˲㻯Ϊһ⣬ֱʣ
Ȼû˰㣬ԻصԼķڣһסأһĻȣߺߣһɪ죬˾Щ˳ϼաЩ˶Ϲٷʰˣ͸һɣ
һаЦ쳹䣬ĵԹ
š뷨ֻǻɹ𣿡ģžķڴһͳɤ
ԼеϹҲû⣬ںسЦȻˣǳصġ

ողһͣЩסϹ֣ȴͻһīڵŨ˲佫档ΧеһУȫʧҲˡ
ʦʦ
˻
һϹһ飬ʱ¶һſΪ˾ϤˡɽǸϱ̬Ȼ׷ְ֮Уȴǵʱһɬ
ϹټҸֵפ֮أﶼǱ㻹ò˻ˣѵϾûһȫطһӶѲϱ̬
ϹֵҲڿһʦôֳˣ
ôϷ򣿡
ͽɷҲ򸣽𰲣׿ǲƵϹָæһͷĵ
Цһ׿ȻСӣΪϹټҵĵطϷκβ㡣ߣ¾ûϷ򵽲˵ĵط
ǣͨͽ֮æԴϹ湧ߵͷȴһΣû뵽ôͨﶼǱ
Ҫ֪ΧڿǱϹټҸѲӣϷͻϮ˶ϢǱϼһȻˡѵϹȷĸֻҪǿöࣿ
֪ϹסڲԶλáǱŶ͵ˡ
ؿ׿ȻʧЦʵոաϢȥˣ

һͣϹתȴǲЦһװɵ㶵ʦ˵ʲôϢͽ

δ䣬׿һβݺݳϣʱɳȥߣСӣϷǰˣʲôԣϷһͶϹٷƺͰﾭγΪǵˣѵ㻹ҪϷװⲻɣ
ʦĪҥ԰ͽʲôʱͶԩϹ˿ϣɥϹټҵ˶֪Ǳ̭ģҲûʲôˣôôͱ˼壿ϴǰֻʣˣҲŲòӦģ
˵ţϹֻһίƺĺԩһ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ЦϷŰ㵱ΪʦϹټЩһ֪𣿺ߣﾭγԣϷҲһԿһƷҵףڶȫԸȴɱ֮ߡ֮󣬵ضʦĵ̡ĿҲµˣƷƷɡ
ǺǺǡһƷģȴƷƷ񲻺𣿽ʱͨǰѾעǰƷʦҪ˶ΣһЩ򵥵ƷҲû취ˣǰﾭγľ·֮ߡȥˣ²ˡ˵ڰﾭγƤ£ɻأ
̲סһϹְ࣬иǾ졣治֪ϹǱһ߿ţԼµģһֲ
˵ǰﾭγΪ۹һңǴ³ç֮ϷһͷߺߣȻù֮ߣҪ˵ޣкѵģ
۾΢΢һУ׿ŭСӣϷΪʦԿɻĿأû뵽ھϷˡǺǡܲϷȥҸͽˡ
˵ţڿռ˲䲼˱ɱ⡣
̲סһϹֵʱɷףæͷĵʦˡոͽʦЦû뵽ʦ㣬һ㲻ǣͽȷͶϹٷҲȲѰͽץءǲͷĻ
ˣ㱳ѵϹټңֲΪʦΪʦôࣿ
һ׿ÿɷϷ򵱳ʱ֪㲻ǸöһЩ캦£һ㶼֣
Ƥ̲סݳ˳飬Ϲһ
ģֹȻ˿Ʊǿ⣬Ϊô£
ڶʱҲȻĹӣôﾡɱأ
ңһɾΡҲˣϾ˲֪ҲôȥˡƫƫôùСӵһȺ󣬻ֱϹʵ겻
Ϲһҡͷ̾Ǻڰе䳰ȷȴ벻֪˶ͬһˡ򣬷Ҫɣ
һ׿ǵЦһ⣺Ϊʦ˵ôأҲ˼һؾ㱳˭ܱΪʦˣϻΪʦӡأСĶС
ǣͽ̻壡˵ͷϹŵ
мƲƲ죬׿ؾǣĳŵӵеģҲΪʦġϹټҪĶΪʦҲõ
ǣͽģɲŵԴϹֹ¡
Ȼصͷ׿૵ôȻ֪ˣͰ㷢ȥ鱨һ㱨һɣ
ǣʦʵûʲôϹټѾڵĽṹһЩȱҪùһǳСȥ̽һ̽
ôԭͼ
ǻһЦݣ׿ĻǸͼǲȫˡͽΪʦҲһţ
΢΢һͣϹֳת
ϹҲҪǵͼĪҲڵĶĻ
۾һУϹ˴㣬ݺݵҧҧ˫ȭգȴɹǣͽΪʦ㵽ֵģ
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һЦҲأȥ¶˷ڵһУֻаĴЦȴ쳹ĶԣǸͼȫΪʦġ
£ϹֿΧһ˵ķ䣬ȴ¶Цݣ¸̡
ߣ֣ʱӷǸһݾͼɣ
һ棬׿Ϲһβ鰵ˬػصԼڣȴͨڴϰһֻľߡ
ֻһۣ׿֪ǲԼģʵôѾͷģ
ǰ
һٶˣͯδ
㲻ҲһȥŻСˣеİɲͣͨĳ
Цҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ҲŻֻҪѿסѡǣŷϹټ⣬ҵһߡܿϹټҵжȴӰﾭγľϡ԰ѿסܰѿס֣ǺǺǡ
ĻĸԸģ̧Ƴ׿һۣͨСӣֵΣ
ҡҡͷ׿ǻЦݣҲҰڲֻҪӰǾӮˡʱҴˮȣ̵Զ߸߷ɣ
ǡùأ⣬⣬ͨĵ
νʼ磬׿ÿɷ񣺡Ϲٷ۸òĵ£ϾѾͷŮֻҪúǣԼ¾ͺˣȻܼǰһص㣡
ľ΢΢һͣͨɫһ̾


894 
һ׵Сͤ䣬Ϫˮ΢棬ﻨ㣬Ƣ
ﾭγϹٷơˣеͤ裬ȴһƿһʱ
̧һӣһ̵ʱ˰ﾭγС
˼룬ϸϸ쿴ﾭγǻЦݣ˵ƻ˳ϹټЩû˿ɣϹСӵɵҲƯЩЩҲСӸˣܺã
ţ벻ǸѾͷԣȴ֮ˣ˸ΨΨŵŵµİɣǺǺǡ
ǻЦݣϹٷƿﾭγĵСûᵽϹٷǽļƻʲô
΢΢˵ͷﾭγȻòֶŮתһȦѾѵβ͸ˣطƺǾأԽ롣ùŴʦȫطȫ֮ߣ
ߣԭˣ
ʧЦҡҡԴϹٷƲмƲƲ죺֪ĻϷǰ͸ðţ̽ôҲþжˡҲ㽫һ򾡣ֺαô鷳
˰֣ﾭγЦҡͷƽԲӣļԲȶôи͸Ļ񲻸˻ɣ
ҪΣؿһۣϹٷƵŴʦʱҲվ΢ĩΪƴ粽Уʲô
ʧЦһﾭγȻշƽ˵ƻ֪Ҫִеȥˡ˵֮ڽһڼ𣬾ǰ¹򣬶һҲСûô£ڽɽˮ
ҪΣ
˸·αǲȫͼǣ
ǻŵĻȣﾭγǱפóԺúȺĹӦΡȻҸᣬѵͼͳȥڼ䣬ֻҪ㹻ӣȻΪǶ츳мӣɡϹټҶ֮ʱҲýŴʦסЩɧţ
΢΢ϹٷƾͷűһЦة࣬㻹ǽŴʦİȫŵһλϧ֮ģ°
Ϊ۹ة࣬Ϊ۹ţӦˣ
΢΢һ̣ﾭγҲǵЦſһһֱĬĵնϹټҵˣҺͷƽ̫ϤˣǰȥûһߵĻֻ˻ɡһ⣬Ŵʦۣʾҵ֮ģ
΢΢ÿɷ񣬵˵ͷ
һ棬Ϲټ֮أλڵǸڣʱ˿ȴǾۼʮ֮ࡣϹٷۣҲȻУ˵ҲǹԪеٮٮߣǿϢֹסš
Ǵʱ˿̣˵ɫȴúܣ
ͷϹٷ۲Щ૳ǰڴϷ»ӰʿֻǸף˴һɹûԡĸλǼ߲㣬ЩϷ򲻵ò˵Ǵ˴ζͻϮƻ̫࣬ΣأԶǰԤ֮Ⱑ
Ŷ˵ﾭγ͵ˣüͷһ֮˼ɿڵ
΢΢˵ͷϹٷ۳³һͬˣΪжųݵһˣʵϹٷ֮¡֣ʱǿһࡣ⻹ΣϾλ֣Ҳܵһǹؼǣﾭγ
γأﾭγһƶˡݳٿıʵڷʤ
ͬüͷһλ֣̾찣ټ֣Ǵ˴εˣԹ
ˣ˴˻һۣҲ΢΢ͷʾͬͬʱس
ﾭγͬ˵ھһִ̣ߡִ֮ˣҪ֪Էƽ֮򣬱һͷˮͻϮ֮£Ҳ޿κΡؼڣǵж˲˽⣬˽٣
з˿˿âϹٷ۽ŵһ֪ĻôͼͻϮ֮£λʤҲĸߡ
ô֪ܲǰﾭγǵ۹һңʲôܰڹ
Ҳδأ֯ᣬΪ̫˵ģδػ֪ڡ
ϹٷƲ𣿡
ǺǺǡһͲ˽ϹٷƣǸ߰úܣѱԼؽ£˳ֵģһһǽ

Ϲٷ۵Ļû˵꣬ڵȫը˹е޳ɼмƻ书һۣѵôûᣬ˻״壬ɾûˡ
еȴҪΪǣȵͰﾭγ뿪˵Ͼ˵вʵ̫ˣ
һʱ䣬ϹٷҲǲ֪ǺãΪѣϾһȫصĴ£ΪҲ֪ξˡ
ҲһóȻͻݼٲ֮أ
ǺЩϹټҵĸ߲ڲֱӴӰ쳳˺ҹٴӺҹ賿ָڶʱ֣Щ˾ǻûӳî
һҹ룬Ϲٷ۵ĶﶼˣȴǻûκξҲ֪ξϲǡ
ֻ֪ȥ̽ӣϹֺ׿ȫˣòưﾭγʲô֪һһῴ̽ӵΡ
ϹҲһ֤ͨǰﾭγȫ̶ǶʦϸѡΣʱ̫飬ÿʱݣΪ̫Ӷǳǡ
ˣϹٷ۲ٿ۴ᣬ˾ȥδӣжϸڡĻаﾭγֵĵط򲻸ġοߣһλն
Ϲٷ۶Σڴﵽ˶ҡжԭĵزҲˣڱ˳ͷʹ̣θŶͷ̾
ڴʱһٵĴȴǶȻһŶ룬˶һˣǡǡ
󵨣λ˵ķ䣬һڳϹִ¡ʲô£㾹Ŷ룬񣿡
ӲһϹٷתͷһȴһڻ꾳ɴȳĿŭݡ
ǻ·𿴵ʲôµĶ㣬ָǰԺ߶µؼһͷ
һͷѣʲô
˵ն
ʲô
أ˶´󾪣ɫ˲ˢϹٷ۸ֹסһûзĸָ棿
ݺҡԴ˽Ͱ͵ûûУֻ˵ҹŴʦģС֪ͨ£
֪ͨҸʲô㻹ȥ֪ͨһǼȥӦǸȥһϹٷ۵ʱ
һ˻û˻ҵʱ򣬲ɸæͷźԺ׿ķȥˡ
ͷһ亹ֱðϹٷ༸һŵľļ߲һۣǺݺһͷ
ߣҲȥʲôġ


895 ȥ
ǰԺһƬĲݴԼ䣬ڷżʯʣһʯм䡣һеߣжһֻ룬ؿ˼£ȴ˵ⰻȻնɡ
վһλͤͤŮСؿɫȴЩʱ͵͵һۣнǽ֮ɫ
̧֪ȴ¶һϷŰ֮ɫŹ֪кμ£أǻ񣬾ȥæϷԵȹŴʦͺã
ôأǰѽ˶ڴ˴ûдһСŮʲôʧ֮ǺǺǡ
һƬӲϹһεЦȴȻð
ⵤͻȻãǴԤϣòװڴ˴Լһ뿪ϼһĴй䣬ַӰѺԺϹټȫ
λǾŽ¶һжܴˡ˵ûжͻϮȻҪʧء
ԣŵҪҧͦţͬʱһգȥ֪ͨˣôûţҪô죬ϵ㵹֨
ǹһôûⶼŲסˡ
ؿһۣȫ룬ȻЦЦŹʵ̫ˣʵϷƽʱúܣϷ򵱸ͨ߿У̫ϷҲڵġ
նǹǫһܺأ΢΢һ̣Ϲ׵
ÿɷذڰ֣ЦȻˣŹԸͷӵĻǺãŴʦһʱˣϷȥԺתתɣ
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Ҳ˵ûôأԷѾ׼øȫһͼĻˡﾭγǶϤģ˿ϸҲ©
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ڣеһж߸ˣˮΣһһ˶֮Ρᣬɽʯ׳֣
ʱ˿̣Ƿƽ˵ҲףҪҵǴطѨ
ϴһֽ֮ɫϹٷ̧һָЦǺǺǡŴʦû˵ɣǼ½쳣һ澰ŋˮ޸кˮ޸ڿգմȴֳɽʯˮѨˣԣͻ֮ѵءˮʣ°빦ڰģҲĪ洦ΨһЩĵطǲȸйصУ
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է죬˺ѵءǿѹ·ǳһ㣬أ˷ɢȥ˲ʹ֮ڣ
еĻ˾촫θǽ䣬ͷʹѣ˿˿Ѫֹסش֮Щʵ΢ģǵΣ
ЩڻԪˣ֮׿Ͱﾭγˣ͸ضˡ
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ةĪҪȡЦξ˸λʵ˱֮
ҡҡ֣ϹٷʧЦȻ׿ǹŴʦܾˡãͷѾΪʦųˣմʦһطϢձٴʦ԰Ҳ׽֮У
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ة࣬ⲻİǣϹٷȴüͷ壬һ֮ɫ
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ת׿û˺׿һɻؿʳеǣϣոǳ콣ôᱻϹٷ׾סأǰ˫ԺԹ콣ĿԷǳܵ
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ǺǺǡԲӣֻ˵Ļͽ߷֮â½ĸְݷּۣܽߣ˫ԺŻûнɡǺǡ֪ݾڣΪθԸԼǧټ˫Ժޣ˫ᣬѡΣ
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Ϸ˫꣬ն콣²óϹٷǳ콣Ҳڳ콣²á֮Уÿǿ֣ʵ񽣸򡣲ǿ֮ԸߵͶѡеٮٮߣǲܽ𣬰ˡϹ콣Ѿ뻯ǳܱȣҲֿɵСǲģ˴ǿĽԡ
Ӳɵúݺ׿´󾪣ҲˡΪһشܣʥֻͨƷʥлʮ֮У۵Ľڡ
Ҳ˵Щߣͨʥ򽣵۵Ľ
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ʱ˿̣·˵ڴ󹩷콣ФɽԣƺҲ콣Զ죬ɼѧ콣ġ
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ֻЩǺ󻰣ڵ֮ҪȰͷãǴطѨӡȻС֮Ϊȣ
ü˼ȻûԼĻȥη۶֮ԼСΪϰɣĶΪ䱦ϹټҪûس콣ֹ쳣ܵ²ܽ㣬˸ֵΡһ㣬ҲһҪǸҶ⣬ֻϹٷƣﾭγҲŹģ
ţףһСĴµģ
ɵЦһ׿¶˸ȻЦݡ
ؿһۣҲȻͷף׿ǸˣԼĴ㣬ðжոҲ΢һ¶ѡ
Ǻ׿ͻؿͷ뿪ˡ
ڶ峿ϹٷƵԼ׿һΪѹǴΪȫͼ׼
׿ҲԼϸݣ̽˸׶ʲôľܷʣʲô֮Ҳ˳ͲϹٷûкӶҪһһʮ̽ˡ
׿޳ܵҪϹٷƵֻװʶأʱشͬʱһΣ̽ӵҲ̫˰ɣʱ䶼ʳˣ㵱Ϸǰ׳𣿾㲻֪Ϲټ̽ӣҲ֪˰ɣô͸أ
Ǻܿ죬ϹٷƱʶ׿ǸҲʵ⣬Ǻò˼ʵ⡣
ڰﾭγ׿̽ӵ̫ʱ׿ȴǸ޳ܵʵ֪û֮ܵڣ
ܸܵ
Ƥ̲סݳ˳飬ϹٷһΣЦǺǺǡŴʦ˵ﻰô˵Ǹ𣿡
ܰ
׿ֱ׳˵ǰñ̿ʹһأҪһΣҲܰ
һ㶣ϹٷؿһۣЩɻӦǼɻɣôôʹʳˣѵҵģ
һԵİﾭγȴȻˣλŴʦҲôôȻ̽ˣǸæɽκС˵ҵġҺܿǾҪص۶ˣ̫ƷأŴʦΣ
ﾭγĻԣֻһ˼Ϊ̫Ӷʱ䣬û£ǸøôҪˡ
һƬȻ׿ЦһͷﾭγһۣղضЦ˳
Ǻ㣬ʱˣ׿ĵͼҲȫˡֻȴ뽫⸱ͼؽϹټң
ֻΪ콣ŋˮһǵĿͻˡҪõʱж뽫ϹټҺϹٷǵսƵ𴦲ǡ


899 Ϣ
ŴʦһǾҪˣ
ڶ峿׿ûҪعլһ˵Ҫ󣬰ﾭγ罫ȥȲظṩ鱨ĻˣǴ˴ǰȥ۶ҪȻΪ̫Σڼⲻ෱Ƚڣʱĳ԰פ۶˵ãŴʦҪط־һʱˡʱ֮ǰŴʦҪҪٻȥ˶һϧʱ飿
΢΢һ̣׿ȫ⣬£мة˼ȫҲд⣡
ǺãŴʦȻסžһնҪǻص۶ˡԴӱɵ۶ˣѽӽ̫࣬Ҳʵڵ鲻˰оâһﾭγƺԵúܼȡ
°һЦ׿ÿɷ񣬵ͷǣةΪΪʵ˵۹ʯ֮ģ۶֮һĽΪ̫ˣԱة֪֮
ţŴʦˣж̶һʱ䣬ʦǾȥž۰ɣ΢΢ͷﾭγӻ֣ЦϽο֮ɫ
ٴһݣ׿˳ȥȻ뿪ӰԶȥϹٷƲŵʱԱߵĲ˽аЦȥˣ
ǰǱߵķӦɣǺǺǡǻȻȣﾭγ˫αϣȫģƺƣȻУ˭Ӳָɽ
һ棬׿һƬһҲȻУ㰴Լǰǰ㣬ϹټҪͼѸٸϻԼľ
һţϹ̱㼱˽Ȼ̽ͷ̽ԵѲΣûʲôɶŷݺݵؽŽ֣һ·ȥ
ɣ͵ȵòͷˣ
ʲô˾ڵң
һ㶣׿һɻҲǽձﾭγǷųô͵õϢˣ
ΰһۣϹ̲ʧЦ֪ʲôʱԴճΪֹҵһڳϹǣصˡһȣɾհٲҵƶҪõȥȥˣ
ȻصԴ׿һ㣬ϹٷһˣԴ˴жǺܼüޡ
ҲãԽԽϵһۻ֮ƣ͸׳ɹˡ
ţ׿ǲһĪĻȣȻϹһ·˻ʹǰϹٷһ˵ȣѼȹϵϣڵȥ·϶жһ㣬ǵƨɸá
ңнչϴƣ
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ܿ죬һϲŮʱ쳹Ƕߣر㽫Ǵļǵ˻ȻһȵĿȥ׿ƽס
ʱ˿̣⸱òƽҲǸоǿһУ
ûж˵ʲôϹٷ۵̤ǰȥֻһĹ򣬱˲׿ǰһץסı۰һ㡭ڻˣ
˻
Ϊʵ̫ϹٷһƲЩֱ׿ץüͷһɫг
˾ˣ㡭֡
Ǹ˾̫ˣʧˣǺǺǡæջأϹٷ۲ЩεЦһܿɫһ࣬ʱ˾һϣؿ׿ŵôһǱôͼ
¶һ˿Цݣ׿йâһʱһѩֽ湴軭飬ȴʱһϸµϸµĵͼ
˾ˣҰ£ģͼÿһʯͷ춼̽ѰģԴˣ
̲סǵͼõУóԭϹŲͼȽһϹٷ۲ʱЦȻˣ̶ϴλҪϸ¶ˡң崦δ֪֮أҲϸ档ֻ崦طǺڣΪγΪأرأһ֪𣿡
ȻС̽ǲǺϹټҵֵô
һЦ׿ʱһָͼϵ䣬һһ͵˾뿴䱦⣬ѼĹ֮ݱֻ֮أħҲﴢأϹٷƵĺԺҾ졢˫ް£Ծڴˡħ̵ģȻô˫ް£ǡɷҲ
˵׿ʱ¶һĽʺ޵飬ҧгݣ޲ôϹٷȥ˫ȥ
ǻ˵ȥһСǲ֪˭ݺһţֱʹ죬ðǡ
ת׿ȥȴһ˫ŭ˫ͫݺݵضȴϹɡ
з֮ɫϹŭһȥ̽Σûȥ˼ҵĺԺѵԶݵˣ
ǣһ̫ˡ˫ʲôʱУִأϷ㣡
ͬ޺޵صһۣϹٷҲ̲ס߳ܿһʹ˸ɫʵϹټҵĳ콣Ϊɢȥڵǹɼƻɷ˫ǲɱ;˾˻صݺ󣬾˾Դʲô
΢΢һ㶣׿ʱȻѹϹٷƲƺɫ֮ͽôԺô˫ް£ԭǸйذ
ϹٷƴԺʱɵһⶼԺʮˣ治ǽǵ۹Ľʵ۲ࡣ
ΪλҪأҲһʹˡ
ҺҲŮɫȻĻԺӢͷףȴδһһ
ڣףԭ콣Ľйء⽣̫ȫգҪѰͻƿڣڶɷɢȥȻۼ𡣶õİ취˫޵ˣ
ͨһ㣬׿Ȼ΢΢ͷϹټҲ̲ס¶һ˶Цݡ
ֻϹ̣ɫԽԽ޺ߣᣬϲޣôһ֮ģء
ȿȿȡԶԶԣ£гˣ
һЦϹٷ۵׿ԴƵϣСǣͷǿأôܰעϣˣ崦ܵ˵أ
ηۣ׿и̣Ӱб˫ӿûɹΣϹټӵΪ֪ҪٻƻŮأ˵ң
Ȼ⻰˵ֻĵͷֵַظ˾˾˱˺ڹɫµָŵͼϹٷƵԣȻرأһŋˮĶ츣أˣҲҼһ콣
ʲô콣ط
ͫ΢΢һϹٷ̲סݺľϲ֮ɫȻת׿ˣ˵Ҳһϲãڲزס¶
ǰǲ֪콣λãת˴ʱδȻ֪˳콣ڣôеķʸˡ
˴ͻϮȻɹ
һˣ˵ݶһ󿺷ܣϹٷ۵ϸ󳱺죬þ£м͡


900 ٵͼ
һΡ˰
촽΢΢ţϹٷ۲ЦƲٴκݺ׿ȥֱļͷĵֱ죬죬ȴǺ֪
ֻǹɼᣬĵȼ
ڰֹ֣ȥ׿ɲЦһ˾ˣҪҵľǳ콣ɣ
ţΪϹټҽ湦Ҳˣ
΢΢˵ͷϹٷ۲ɳ̾һĿڵʵϹһϸ֣ɽˮӶһ·׷ݣǸϹٷͽȥϾʵڶǶĵˡΪģǶݵ콣жҪ
΢΢׿û˵Ȼ
Ҳûǰʥ֪֮٣ȷ̫ˡ֪ʥֻһ˵ǿ󣬻غһ˥
ҲѹƴƴҲҪʥӭˡ
ǣ׿ĬԣϹٷۻΪ޷ƵģЦҡҡԴҲȥˣֻһм֮һΪĹϵϹټҿܾͻʢȥ֮󹦣Բ˵ģϹټҵǧŹ
ģԺڼ壬ǿԺˣ
üͷһ׿һЦƦͻ̬֮
ϹٷۼˣȴǲΪ⣬̲סЦ˼Ҳǲ¶֮ɫ׿үȻоϣѫˬʿɰҲŴЦ
ֻϹ֣ĬĬض󣬶׿ȴ֮ɫ
ֻ̧˻ӣ˵ЦֹסϹٷת׿һȦоȣɫλǰǻΪ˴ͻϮİȫԿǣϷ˵ǵһ⸱ͼλΣаﾭγΣͻϮ֮£س콣ͣ˿ϷضݣǺΣ
˾ˣ֪λˣֻϹٷһˣפȻڴʱ׿ȴͻȻһЦ
һ㶣Ϲٷ۲Եؿô£
ǺǺǡǰﾭγ̫ƣվҪΪ׵ʦص۶ˣնԻͣ
ɢϵЦ⣬׿૵Խ죬γһһˣٺüˣһȥ۶ģ
һϹٷؿȫסˣ˺һŵԵ棿
ﾭγ׿˵նҲô˵ӦģȻһЦ׿ڡ
䲻һϹٷ۳סˣãַӦ̲סЦҲϹټҰﾭγնˣֻʣһϹٷƣǵʤ˰
ϲϲӣ˴һɣҲһ˷֮ɫ£
ÿһ˶Ц̣Ʈˣ·Ȼʤһ콣Ƶġ
ţϹٷ۳ȴЮ˳ֵ̫ϲ죬ʼƶ˵ڶͻϮļƻ
һȻģɾӣһԵ׿ȴ¶һЦݡ
ϣĲ죬ֻԼѡڣҪллǣǰңǺǺǡ
ݣ
ʱ󣬾һδμҵۣϹٷƶϸսжͶڰﾭγ뿪˵պ
õϢһֱڰԼƽϹ֣ٴγ˲ע⣬˺ԺһƫƧĽӡһһʱ˳ȥֱֱŷȥ
ҿûˣϹװûκ°㣬ȻԵõطԼķ䡣
ǣոչϷţ৵һһڵŨīȴٴνܵһУ˲ʧһֲָĽС
Ƥ̲סݳ˳飬Ϲֲһ̾ҡҡԴ󣬱ʮԾһڵأͷ󣬹Ϲ֣μʦ
ǺǺǡСںʶʱô
ʦĻʦݵͽӭݣӦ𣿡û˿УϹַ·ȻϰƵģ˳С
ؿһۣ׿оâһɵʱ޳Ǵﵽһȫµĸ߶ȰΪʦħŰĸ֣
û˵ϹһֱĬ·û㣬Ϲž
ţˣϻ˵ŵͼأ
ض׿۾һУٹĨǣֱɱ˵ûȫϷۿСӻˣ
˿Ϲֲҵйâһһ߶೤İɫ»һݣϣʦŲȫͼͽΪ׼ˣʦЦɣ
ţܺãʶ࣬ٺٺ١
̧΢΢һУǰ׾ڰ׿ϸĲ鿴ͼϹٷ۵һ޶ѵ˵Ϲˣûͼٶֽţ
Ǻܿ죬ϹСؿ׿һۣʦҲΪ콣İɣ
Ҫ죿
̧ƳƳ׿ÿɷ񣺡ΣΣ
˼ϹֲɵЦһٺٺ١ǵĻͽȰʦһ䣬պ֣
ΪΣ
ΪպϹټ׼ֵӣʱȻңʦҲȡʤ¶а컡ȣϹֵ
ؿ׿ЦôģôΪʦ룿
ǵȻһΪʦΪΪʦ룬񲻵ڱԼ׵üͷһϹֽ޳ʷﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
Ĺ׿ЦһһļأأҪ𣿡
ʦ˼ұҪǻЦݣϹֵϾֻҵ
ؿһۣ׿Ȼͷ⻹е
УʦӦҲ֪Ϊ£˴Ϲټ콣һ壬Ǹƨɺȥ񽣣ûʲôô
ţϹٴιߵݳ·Ϊ׿ƵģȰ
üͷһ׿װŭʲô˼Ϸȡʤ㣬ϷҪУϷŪϷ𣿡
ʦˣ
ڰ֣ϹֲаЦϹټȷǸô㣬ҲȷʵǸûᡣǴʱºܴˡͽ뽨ʦջɳ²֣Ǵûȣ
۾΢΢һУ׿˵
ʦϸעĿⷽͼλãһΪŋˮǳ콣ԭ֮ءһΪԣǷƽؽڶص㡣ͽڷۼϹٷƽ콣֮ڣҲ൱Ũ⣬Ϊس콣׼ġ
аЦһϹֹ֪ϹټжȻὫתƣôضͻתƵڶص㡣ʱ˫ŋˮʦͿǱ뽣ԣ֪ĵ񲻾֮
һɺԣ
Ȼ׿ȴһЦ
תһȦ˭ܱ˽أƽԣ֮أ
С˺˵ҲħͷУ赶ɱ˰ɡ
ûв´ѷųϢϹٷطҲɱˡǣô뵽ӴصͼԭҲǼٵأߺߺߡ


901 ʱ
ݣ
񵭵ĺͤߣﾭγϹٷƶ˾䣬ǰһֱʯϣѰζҺ
˾ôԺźɽɫ٣Ҳ⳩Ȼúܡ
ģһƿ죬ﾭγ̧һӣһУɢ˵⡣
Ϲٷ̧ƳһۣɵЦǺǺǡôϢˣ
ǰò˵λЧʵأǺǺǡһȤؿϹٷһۣﾭγҲʧЦԡ
ÿɷذ˰֣Ϲٷ૵ЧʣǴ̫ˣة˵Ļ˵̫̰ˣȻĻôëëؾͽƻƶأ
һٴα˴˶һۣɽЦЦǼ֮⡣
ţﾭγϸϸ쿴еݣֻһʼ΢΢ͷԵõЦţԽԽɻ˫ͫж¶˲֮ԻüͷҲƺϲ˲Ƶġ
ôˣةˣʲô𣿡
Ϲٷǣ뿪ն֣
ˣǲ͵ˣڴѾ£ˣة˻ʲôŲµ𣿡ﾭγӣϹٷҲЩ⣬ݺȴǲÿɷذ˰֣ȻЦ
üɼ˿˿ɻ֮ɫﾭγ૳ϹٷƵļƻǣиͻϮŋˮǿͻޣɱ㡣ܵãʧˣҲɵĽŲ㲻ֹǶó콣
ߺߣõ
һЦϹٷ˿Ϊ⣬з˵ľâҪΧԮϷͲڴϷ֮أ¸ֽ磬ϷŋˮǧةָӣִЭϳ֣ãȥã
ؿһۣﾭγ΢΢ͷüĳ˼ȴ˿ô˵е֡
ةˣʲô𣿡
ƻûʲôףֻЩϸڳ˵⣡
оâһﾭγɻݸϹٷƣƽһϹִʱϵһԵͼ
ӹϹٷƵҲһ˿ɣһ󲻽⡣ͼǹŴʦȥôʲôÿģѵԼҵλ˽⣿
պϹټһڸ֣Ϊ֧жϹٷ۴ͻϮŋˮ콣λ幩ϮԣһɱУ£
ϹٷƽݴгȴҲǺһͣüͷȻٿǷݲͼһɻŋˮ󣿿ˮ߰ԣɱڶϷݵͼô£
ҲǴǣﾭγͬһ֮ɫݵͼǴϹﴫģ˵ƭǣ߼ƭҲôԵƭǰɡڷһ֪ǱҪĺءôֻһϹٷ֪ĵͼżٵġϹټҵõģżٵͼ
ʲôٵģ
²һϹٷһĪôǼٵأѵŴʦϹټҵģǼٵͼΪô
üͷţﾭγҲ֮ɫ˵һϹټңҪɻڴóġ
ڣ˼Ҽٵͼǵļƻһ񣬵ʱӹΪˣòʧ
ѵ˵ȻҪǵ۹ʦӴϹټһˣ
ҲˣӦõϹٷ̯ƣüٵͼϹһһ򾡣Ǵ󹦼
ȻҪѣ͸ñѵسһ㣬ײģ˭ûкô
ϹټȻΪżٵͼ˸գǾʧ󣬶ΪڶʧܣݾߣûͻϮĻᣬϹټһһġ
ߣ֪ٵͼҲλŴʦ۹͡Ļ߲ˣֺ߲ãαأ
۹ة࣬ﾭγԴ˾Ҳ²еĵǾ͸Ϲٷˣ
˿ﾭγҶ˼ãǴһŴʦڸڵĶ˭ģҰ˽
ǣ
һ䣬˸ߺһȥˡһĹ˰ﾭγǰμةˣˣ֪¶˺£
Ŵʦ⼸ڵĶǶ˼໤
ǣүҵŴʦȫ粽룡
ôŴʦʲô֮
ﾭγоâһǶˣȴǲһ㶣üͷ壬ɻŵɡȷкܶɵģǰŋˮͽԺ·˺üΣЩأЩʱүة˲ʱǴǰȥ
˺ˣЩǶ֪ûġͷػӻ֣ϹٷƲÿɷⲻǹһڻͼô׼ģʲô˵ģ
ǰﾭγȴüͷһʱΣһֵȵȣ˵Ǵʲô˼
ةˣʲôɻģһ̽ӣ
ǣЩطǶȥˣα˴εشϹٷνذڰ֣˿Ϊ⣬ǰﾭγȴɫһ࣬
һ㶣Ϲٷ˼Ҳ¶ã֮ɫ
ǰСӴôθʲôԼ¶ǲǣǶԴһȦˣαôѵ˵
ǰһϹٷҲ뵽ʲôﾭγﾭγǽضһ
˼һ˺ܾãüŴʦˣĺܹ죬˵ȥŋˮ󿴿ȴƫƫݱ֣˵̫ˡ
ˣˣȥɣ
ûѻ˵꣬ﾭγֹ̧
ϳ˲⣬ҲҶ죬һ񣬾ôȥˡ
ţﾭγʧЦһϹٷƵˣ𣿡
ȻѾһ·գ
Ƥ̲סݺһ飬ϹٷҲҡҡԴ̾˭뵽ʮһƷţȻһ·գһ˼̽ӡǺǺǣ·յ̽ӣǰδаѹֵͼţͷ죬ߵƵߣϱߵϵ˱ߡϹٷ֪ǵĵͼǱôһ˻ĵĻǻѪɣ
ڰ֣ﾭγÿɷЦˣŴʦֻǱץ׳һץ̽ӵģҵúܣСôǺǺǡ
Сַ˶ɣЦһϹٷƲмƲƲ죬Ǻܿ죬üͷһľ·һʮһƷŵ·գ
üͷ΢΢һﾭγѯ֮ɫȴǳĬʧЦڣûбɽһУ͵·հɣ
ôǵļƻ
ʵУǰһҪżٵͼűˣ
лĺ⣬ﾭγǻ˷ܵаЦݣʱ٣˵ͼǼ٣ϹټҵЩˣһףǺǺǡ
ؿһۣϹٷҲ΢΢ͷΪ˱뽫콣𴦣ܿսȻͼǼ٣ҲûҪˡ


902 ͻϮǰҹ
ϵĻս𴦣
ҹīһڣ½¹أʹؼһ֮ɫӳҹɫ֮£ҼһһĨĨƵ⣬ȴǸҹЩů⡣
ͨСѾſȵĴϣ˫Ŀ͵£ϲԼǰħ׿ĳ
ǻһаĻȣ׿һЦĳȻڷжȡϹټҵĶϹټҵжֱŵͼյɴʱ˿̣ŵͼֳɹ˷ǺǺǡĻ˫жڱٿأǾɲˣߺߺߡ
оâһ׿Цʮţƿشֵţ
֮ô죿
ؿһۣͨתת૳ŋˮϲҪҪٰһϹټҵ
бƳƳ׿ЦһĿɽעԼħأǾԼͺˣĪܣ֦ڡηһ۹ة֣ʵȻԶϹټҽϹ֣֮鱨ǵıɢǸϹټҴϢᡣҲϢ˶ˣ
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΢΢һ̣׿¶˹Цݣһὣڰϵı²ѪдԼṦΰһ
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ת׿⣬ЦСӣ˯ˣ֪Ҫ

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˵ţ׿һתȥĹͨСԴ߰ɣСӣԭƻж
΢΢˵ͷͨϣֻǲʱǻһʧڣૣʵùáĺܹ


903 ǹ
ڶ峿δȻһȺˣǽʸ߹ߣֻʮˣ˷֮ɫ׾⣬·ոմɽ߳ȫ΢΢ȴǴ˴εѡγļλϵʦ
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ֻϹһˣˣ׿ԶеӰеɫֹס¶
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΢΢һͣϹ¶һݣűϼӿŲլϻȥˡ
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ةһƣӦùǵ˰ɡة໰˵Ӧǹ̰˰ɣǺǺǡ
һӺϹѸٻص˹լһžͼԺȥϹٷۺһϹټҸ֣Ѿۼһ̽ӻرϢˣ

һϹٷ۵ӰϹ̱泱죬üϹٷƸոﾭγһߣѳǣ˵Ҫųǵˡһ˵ǰﾭγͻ׿ǣл뿪ģ
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һʱ䣬ɫ֣̿ãҲû˸Ҵֻȴʧȥһʼ˷ܹâ֮ɫ


904 ҹͻϮʼ
ŴʦһΪǻͻȻɡ˵Ѿ൱ˣֻǵȴǵȷ϶ѣǺǺǡ
»صǸԭζԭĴһԲ֮ǰϹٷơﾭγ͵Χ¶ȵЦݡǰﾭγЦǰа죬Ŀڵ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ҲӰۼԼźõϷ룬װɵҲҪȥ˿װһãȻӣЦŵةˣ֪˵ʲôأǺǺǡ
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ҺϵҪ̤ǵʬ񣬿㻹ҪȥϵʱùüѣҲְɣô
Ƥ΢΢һͨһתҡͷʧӰ


905 ˲ͻ
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ǾǽһɲǣһâҲǽ˽ȥֻ޾Ѫˮڵţʾ֮ʽ򡭡


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Ȼڴʱһ貹âȴǶȻԶһ㻮գһֱֱײһ

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貵Ľâײ˰̲ϻɾȫɢ֮СѹȴǶʱһɹϮһУֱƵϢͣеڻԪ֣ҲҪ紵ɢܵơ
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Ǹ˷ۣϼһնҲﲻˣรɡ
ţһҧǲ͵ȥȫͶ뵽λŽĶսС
ЦһҲǽ΢̤˹ȥ
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һˣϹٷ۱㼱ͷ󺹣˫ĿѪѡ
ǺǺǡٷˣӲȥģ
ͻȻΣ֮һЦȴأȻţһǿϢ֣֮ڣһṫӵӰǰǵ·ϣȴةﾭγɡ
ؿϹٷһۣﾭγЦϹټǲͽˣǱ۶ʮõʮһƷʦСʱ䣬µʮһƷʽõĶʥ󣬿ʮƷܾܳŽĸʮȫһҲ˵Ϲټ壬ֻǿʮܽƿ󡣲ϧնս𣿿²Σ͸˰ɣǺǺǡԣǸû˿ԣ
ﾭγĻУʱϹټ˵ģ˹ȵףû˿ϣ𡭡


909 ӡ
ﾭγ
Ƥ͵غݺţϹٷɤǳΣɽҰް˫Ŀ֮ǳĺ⡣ת׿һԶ뵤һλٿ׷ǣϹٷɫһٶǰİﾭγٸֻ۾һУ˼
ʱ˿̣Էֲ£Լռƣ֮ƣΨһʤ㣬ֻС
أϹٷоâһһݺһ֣ųƣǰȥĿֱָﾭγ°ﾭγǲл·ϣ

һ޺Ҳ濺ܣżӢµˣǰ
ৡ
һýӰϹټΰӿ֮Ϯﾭγǰ˲ΧһǿĹԪ֣λУɫƽ޾η˿Ѷ洹ϹټҸַ
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һͿ֪طӡ⴦طѨˣ
ؿһˮ׿Цһǰȥ¶ʤ⣡

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ǰֱ׿ɱһһռ䲨ȴֹסؽһͣ·ںʲô㣬ɵز
ǲ΢΢һ̣׿ʱ¶Цݣ˵ӽĿĲ㣬һԸţʵ̫鷳ˣȷһЩʱ䣬˰ɣƷʥ콣
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׿ĻаЦ£ΧĿռҲǾҵܵգֹסλ콣ѹ
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콣ʱǱģϵĺâڲɢǰϬǿƣŵġ
ˣ׿ȻҲԸһ·˭֪һ᲻ܳң
ͫأӡ
һȣ׿ߵɫ⻷Ӵʢţռ͵ѹ˷ǵѹǳ콣ϡ
أãǳ콣ʱһͣȴҲֺֻܶһƯ֮ۡηηƺġ
ȫûᣬ׿ɲ֣ͣյһ۵죬Ŀռ֮Ǿȫѹǳ콣֮С
֨
һͣǽͣ˲ٶȻžһ䵽ϣû˿ԡ
һƷʥ񽣣Ȼ׷ӡû֮


910 ô
ԣὫ׿ǳĽЦһָһâһ˽ָ֮С
ʱ˿̣ûԣѲپʥֻ֮׿ոյһͫͫأӡ˽Ľ飬׷ӡ֮УԳ
УҲۿͫʮУеķӡ֮ռ֮ӡӡ֮䣬
׿룬ʥ޴ž˴űӡⷲġ׿ڵĿͫزŸոտۣдﲻ˵Ƿӡʥˣӡ޶ЩѣҲͷӡһⲻ۵Ľѡ
ҲֻдﵽΪдͨ쳹صܰɣ
ţ׿ҲЩԽǲ۵ĿͫԽ۵ɲ⣡
ľǿߣǧĹһ׷ߣʱܹΪ𣿻˵䵱Ķ
˿׿һˣЩ꣬Ҳֹסذ̾һδһˡ
ǰԲںڡ
Ƥᶶ˶׿ݺҡҡԴȥ룬̧ͷʰģˮȥ
ৣ
ˮǰˮϢ֮ٲ¡죬׿ȴǲûй⣬죬ϡ֮ɫѰеķλ
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оâ˸˸׿ҹ߿Уҫ۵ǳ̤ѰӦλã˫ӣһſžӨʥʯһһɳ£Ӱ
һӺ׿ͣж΢΢˵ͷ¶Ȼ֮ɫĻ·źˡһǼ㷢֣׷ϹҲа취ߺߺߡǳڷƺûжͨɣǺǺǡ
һЦ׿ٴתͷˮ¶˼ᶨ
Ҫʼʽӡطˣ
ಣ
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սϱȣѪӰ죬ֻ޾ңͷ˶ɱ˰㣬ɫɱⰻȻһƬͨ졣
ŋˮˣлȥԸϹټˣµʮֱ׿ϢĨ˷֣ȴľúܣʩļƻӳʥʯûһ˴š
һ棬һİСڣϹٷԶĶȴһֱҶɵһȴǱڵɱǰͻϮЩģЩΣвϸ̡
Ǳ߶˴ʱˣô߻˰ҪٲȥǱȥ˰
̵ģϹСӵ鱨׼׼

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ڻ꾳Ϲת˲׿ߣȫԵһȭݺ׿ԴȥϹȴǿô󼱣˫ȭ߬ţǽǡ
ڵǰԼƽΪβֻǻΪֹڻǿɱˣٶȶϲϡ
׿ϱҪɥϹ̼öˣȴûа취ֻ˻󺰣Ҫ硭Сġ
ûɱȻϮ棬׿˦ֲԼʽϹȻǰһ˫ȭݺݵػգаЦֻжЦСӣɱˣڱҴᣬȥɣ
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䣡
ֻһ˲䣬ϹֵӶȻ棬أñ¡һɢȥϣ΢̳ɢȥӳϹȴһ뾶һ೤Ĵ󶴣ϹزݣвѪˮص֮УǾ֣ضеǸӰȴѳŵɫ
׿ȴǻջұۣÿɷ֣·ոһֻӬ㣬ء
һУȴǰһԹۿϹ̣ȫˣ
˭һڻ꾳ֶվߣĽվɱ
㡭ʲô˰
ƤڷвͣزϹ̴صӰͬʱҲԽã͵ľӣȴڷһҡ


911 ˮ
ƵƮ׿ûٿȻһƬҰ֮ɫһϢϹ֣ûĿתһƬϹ̷
ֻһ˫ˮķλ˫ֻ̧׼Ҫˡ
ض쳣°ıӰϹ̲Щ磬⡭ԭȵǸ
ѾˣһΪİˣһɲˣ
ˣȴǾãڵĹһƺһħþƲעӵĿ⡣ֻͻȻʵһ֪νϢ
š
׿ϾҪᶯӡˣϹƬ̺ȴͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬С˲ˣǲѰˣǲҵ뿪Ƿ֮ȡ
ᶯӡֲ΢΢һͣ׿üͷһ΢΢Щݣ㡭Ϊܵģ
ǰΪôܵǷ֮ظ
޿еϹȫˣԶҲ̲סƤ鴤һί
ڵãӸܵԵ޹ʣͻҲˡô˱֮£СİΣ
Ҫ֪ΣյģҰ
ˮֹסʡϹֵһ޳ˡȻʱ˿̣׿ϹȫûĴڣȫһ㣬˵
ⲻӾãһȭ谤ԩûš
ǣСֻǸӣͻȻֵܵطǺΣյģ
ص˵ͷϹһ£֣صҪʲô׵ģҵӣ֤İȫ
תؿһǼᶨĿ⣬׿ȴתͷȥȥֻԱصûϵģСӵ㲻òģҲ뿪ǣǵĻϵȺһҾ͹ȥ
ʲôһϹ̴һнԻ֮ɫ
Ϲη۶һЦ̲ϡã˰ɣ㻹Сİȫ⸸ѸԼ·֮ˡ
ģȫ˼ҵ¿η˰˼Ҹϡ
üͷͣزţϹؿ׿֮ɫô˵Ǹˣһֱƭң
ƭˣɲһϣ
ɫž׿һҪˣȻСﾭγҲܿͻע⵽뱣뿪ˣֻ·һ
ضǱıӰϹ̵Ϸһɾǿ⻰ñϽǰ˵֪¡ǲ˵֪һУǸҵЩ£
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ҡҡͷ׿̾һÿɷѾᣬǹСһƬģ御ԼҪ͹ֲˣ
ţ׿ͫһκγɣڿʼᶯӡ
ʱ䣬ӡ׿нᶯ˫ֵʮָͷҹľ飬ҹµҫ裬Ϲ̿һۻң
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ʵû뵽׿Ǵ½ĸ֣涼Ǵʦ
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Ϲе˫ۣǰһУ澪
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һʱ䣬ϹֽɻĿת׿ȴǸոջһݣʱ˿ȴ¶һ˿ȻЦݡ

¹ɢĿâҲʱӰǾǹâɢһ˲Ϲٴ̧׿ȥȴֹסһͬʱȴǲЩĴסˡ
Ϊʱ˿̣ǸոջһֱˮȴȻȫסˣһɱֱʣΡ׳
ϹŮ޿ãһ
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һָ׿ĮؿһУһ죬Ȼ鿪һмܣмһء
һʱٲˣͬʱŋˮҲŻΪޡ
һطѨ׿˳ӡɹӡУҲ⵽ƻˣԲˡ
ʲôúõһƻˡ𺳵ıת˲ʧϹ̲һ׿һԹ
οһۣ׿ȴǲÿɷҡҡԴЦǲѾͷոﶯôЩӦûᱻˡ㲻ԼһΣȴŷ羰ۣҲʵǹĴˣ
˵ţ׿תңңȥǺɱͣϢĵط
Ҫܣ˼Ȼһ𣿺ߣݺһۣϹҲ˳Ŀ⿴ȥܿȴ̾
ʵã벻أֻʱԼȣҪ֪˵ܣһѣ˶ѡ
͵͵һԵĮ׿һۣϹ̳ȴʧЦҡҡԴǿɬ
벻Ϲ̣ӲмһˣҲиɵµʱ򡭡
ʱ˿̣ңңսеƿƽ
һ棬ǰսϣϹټҺɱѷѽ⣬Ѫɺӣء˵ǰﾭγһռơ
ͷΪǰһǰ˺뵤Խ֧ȥ
ﾭγϹټҵôҲܲˣֻսסϹٷۺλǿڵϹټһڶ¡һսʱΣµȺ׵ľ棬ⲻ˰ﾭγһͻݵ
ͬʱҲһĴ©ݶݵһƽʱڡ˵ãڰﾭγ֮꣬һ׳١
ԽһսνǹغһͳĴ֣ǱѰﾭγԴҲΪӡֻļʱʤȻ֮ʱܾһ˿ͷ֮ȥ
桭ʲô⣬û뵽أ۾΢΢һУﾭγ


912 ӳ
ǵĸѾ˴룬Ҳסˣ
岻ȥʵ̫ǿˡ
ҪΧˡ
λȻЩסˡ

һĺ쳹սԡѪϹٷ۶ߣһѪ汯ߡ
ˣȫˣȫˣ
̰ðϹټһڸ֣֪ﾭγ͵ֵʱ򣬻ǿȡ콣Ż˲Ҿ˵Ȧס
ϹټҲȫûΣգλȾŽʵҲϲ죬²ŵصվ
һжûеãûʱƣû˼У
˫ĿңңעԶȻԽߵλ׿һΪ˵ֵ׷ԡѪսѪеӰһţһҽ쳹ϣϹٷڻĿһ˲Ѫᣬ¡
λֵܣ˴Ϲٷ۶Բˣ
ǧô˵ǰﾭγ̫ƻˣǲŻļƣ˰֣һԪָæߣסѾԡѪʱƣ۲ҡҡ׹ΣһָǰﾭγݺݵصֻҪǸʣϹٷҲǳȥ
˵ţһ֣ȴ˳˳ȥֵǣϣ°ﾭγͻΧ
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һ޺쳹ƿգϹټһڸ֣ޣݺﾭγšǣﾭγǰ棬ٸεǰɽ룬ʯ̰ӣ˿Ϸ죬˿ͻȥ
ǺһɱУ֧֧ŵĸӣȴһЩȺΧһȦɱˣ
һֶֻֻϽŽɳԴһɫոճȥһСӣһֻ˻˲ûϹٷ˫һһڵأ˲ˡ
˫УֻһƬѪɫڻζÿһ£ĸžһ£ʹ
ةˣѾʧȥˣºܿܽⳡսﾭγԱߵһԶԶһϹٷǵΣЦһĵ㣬˳ᢰ
ص˵ͷﾭγɫžȴǲδ¶ϲ⣬üͷ΢΢ţһת׿һԶĵλãֵѾս˿һʱˣôƽﻹû桭ʲôΰɣ
ǺǺǡة˶ˣϹټѾȫʲôأЦһǽңѾʤȯգûзƽսҲûʲôϵȺӣѾڽˣٺ١
Ƥᴹﾭγ˼΢΢˵ͷ૳ˣзƽսĻһսҪʡٹ򰡡
䣡
Ȼ£һǶȻңңԶðﾭγֹסһæתȥȴǵʱһǡ
ݣ
һ¹⣬һ㣬ֱֱ䣬ʱⷲ״ϣҫĿԡڽսˣһ˾Ҳ̲סأȻס۾ĺɱҲʹ˽ƽϢ
Ӻǵ¹ɢ˿澰ȴǶסˡ
ոաʲô£
Ƥ̲סﾭγ֮أֻתȴǵʱһãŋˮ֮콣
мˣɫһﾭγ´󺧣תؿһۣѾҪΧ׷½أϹټһ˵ȣĲ֮ɫܿ죬һҧȳ򿪽磬ȥˮ񽣣
һԱǸæһȰةˣ򲻿ɰۿϾͲˣǴʱ򿪽磬Żɽ
ž
ǣ˵꣬ﾭγ˦ֺݺһƳϣŭūţة࣬ةࣿߣʱûʲô飬ȳ콣ҪǿҪĶǾôˣﲻҲûŸʲô쿪磡
̲סһ˸æԴһӡǽ֮
ˣ
ɲǼ䣬һռǽ˫һƫ֮صĽ磬ʱɢǰ±磬ٴδÿһϡ
Ϲټһڸ֣ʱ㣬ÿһڿûоûʶܻõһ£
նˣȥˮ󱣻콣
ǣϹټҵ϶ʱɣﾭγȴǵʱȹϵϰ㣬ǰﾭγة֮˳ᢣλƽͷһʧ̬еش
Ȼ󣬱㲻ˣˮ󼱳ȥҲǸæڲ࣬İȫ
ʱ䣬ˢˢ뿪ȫϹټҵ˾ƺٹעƵġ
Ҳǽ̤ʱ뿪սȦ˰˰ֵλǰˣϷҪȥ￴Աɣ
˵ţҲˮȥͬʱﰵЦǸСӡ𣿺Ǻǣ治򵥰Ƥӵ£ǺǺǡ
Ȼ֪׿ҪʲôȻ뵽ĿĴﵽˡ
ֱܣϷ˻ҪսǧغϡȿȿȡأȻȥһǿгǻû˵̲꣬סѪ²ֹ
龰ϲһ̾æȰˣţսѾ·磬սȥҲǲҪڳѿ֮ˣͽЦѣ
Ӳһͣת׿ˣȴҲҲʣȴ̾ơ
ݵһ˹Ȼ鴫ôöԸġ
ţ˱æӣϹٷߣʵۣô
û°ɣ
Ϲټˣʱ˿Ҳһߣǹػ֮ɫ
лЩ磬Ϲٷ۴ؿߵһŹеףȴһãȻĵǡ𣿡
ţò˳˫սȥ˳콣һȥˡҲ㣬ӳɣ
Լĺ룬һɳ̾һǲ֪ǺηȻ׼ְȥ̵ǽƻúģۣҪҪҲȥ콣ɾ˵ܳûأ
Ƥݺݶ˶Ϲٷ۳ΣȴǼᶨҡҡͷ˴̰ðȻʧأٲ֮ˡҵ˼ϣϹټˣһ𳷣뿪Ƿ֮˵֮аﾭγ֮أǾͲ׶֣ƣ
ǳ콣ߣҪô
ҺλʵߣҲףȥ
һλЩʣϹٷһµˣ̳˵أ뿪Ƴǣڳļϵػϣ

ˣ˵ˣѾ
УϹٷȴǺݺݰڰ֣ϷȻһΣٴһˡ콣ҪϷΪ˸ͻϹټǧĸ
ԣ˱˴˶һۣ֪Ȼģ㲻ټˡ
龰λ࿴˿͵ص˵ͷ
ǺϹټҴ׿֮˳ӳ죬Ϲٷۺλˮȥ
ֻǹôҲ벻˫һֱĳ콣ʱȻˣԭҪΪõǿӡ


913 ¶
ݡ
һƿƶˣܿ䵽ŋˮȵģȻһԣжİﾭγһˡ
һصıмɢһƬ̧ȥϤӰʱӳֻ׿һĮؿһϹȴƺе㺦°㣬ŲŽŲˣη֮ɫ
ﾭγʬüͷһ·ʲô㣬ƽ˳ᢣŶƵеǰ׿ţЦŴʦ⾿ô£ܷ汾һأ
û׿Цһÿɷ¶һΪصЦݡ
ৣ
أһƿ죬Ϲٷۺλǿζǰ㳡Ҳǲɵ㶣Ի֮ɫ
ǿԼŮϹֳ̻Ϲٷ۵о͸Ի󲻽ˡ
⡭ôģΪСһҲǷ֮أ
Ȼ䣬ﾭγһȺǵ۹ʯ֣ϹټĸǿͬʱһȴǺల£˭ҲûҪֵ˼ƽദ
Ϊȫɻһ£ǰһУôģеɻʱ˸ոջɱĳޣ˫ĿǰˣҪһ̽ԭί
̶⡭⾿ô£ôˣƤϹٷ۽עϹ̵˫Ŀһʵ
ЩɫϹ͵͵һһԵ׿Ȼת׿ԼĸףȴҲĪʼ磬һҡҲ̫ҾСӵģ˭֪ոշʲô
Ҳ֪ʲôţ
һ㶣Ϲٷ۽ضԼŮеɻȴǸﾭγһУȴֹסЦ֮ߺߣϹټװʲôͿѵһУϹټҸ𣿡
ﾭγʲô˼ǸʲôˣüͷһϹٷۺݺݵŰﾭγЦݣŭĿӣϹټеöˣҵģһϣģҲ׸˱ڹﾭγðѻ˵һ㣡
˵ף
üͷһﾭγЦⲻǶôߺߣϹټҰﾭγòдְϿո˵󣬾Ȼôһ塣Ϊ˶س콣Ȼĸùһô󱲣ͻɱĽ䱸ǺǺǡò˵ǹߣһֻǱû뵽һԶغʾ˵ϹټȻҲ˻㾡֮ѹַƽʵȸ¸ﲻֹȴڶû֮λԭˣߺߣ
һϹٷ۲һϸӲλĿŭݣﾭγĹƨҼҼһΪɼгϹͬ飬ü֮λԣӬӪ޳С磿Ϲٷûϼ£ʲôııвšﾭγҪʹĪҪܻҼҼϷһ㲻ߣ
Уαӣ
мƲƲ죬ﾭγһЦмһˣǰһŷۼӣ쿴˷ۼĲ֣ȺϣжϹټٸֵѪضó콣ĻᡣһǿݣнԺϵѾǾӲŹˣߣ
ĵƲƲ죬ﾭγЦλûѡϹٷãһƬɻ
ʲôˣôͳɵ޳Сˣ
ۿߣ޵µģܺЩᲢ
ֻеһԿţĬĬһУȴǰ͵ЦתؿҲ翴Ϸ㿴ǵ׿һۣҡͷʧЦһ
СǰдﶼŪƼˣʵ˲ðǺǺǡ
ಡ
ͻȻڴʱ˫˴˼á֮ʱƿһӰ׷£ȴһֱɵһһҹﶯȻ򣬼Ϲٷɡ
һûȥһۣǸһǵһ۾ͿصıмбǸΪŋˮڣʱ˿ȴǿտҲһƬȴأؾˡ
Ȼ󣬺һ㣬Ǳ˸ŭ⡭ô£Ķ츣أŋˮأȥˣ
η۶ﾭγЦ淺ɷƽǹעˮʱصǳ콣
԰콣ҵĳ콣أˮûˣ콣
̲סһϹٷŵʱȻһ˫ݺݵ۾ݺݶڳ˵գ·ÿ˶ǷһƵģ׺ݹâ䵽Ϲٷ۵ϣҧгݵ϶ʶľ͸Ͻѳ콣ĻݹӲ㲻ֵˣߣ
̲סݺһ飬Ϲٷһʵ治Фߺȳ콣˶֮иòصĶϷûضݣӦ
Ʊǿȴǲô˵ˣĳϽԼ˫һս֪ΪδģʱΪеЦ
ĵýۻ񲻸ųЦ
ϹٷƵͱˣϹٷȴûúֱλأǽϷ
˭ߺߣһףӲԣŭһϹٷһ˦֣Ц
Ϲٷۼˣɫȴǲٶԡ
ؿһۣﾭγһЦϷŰϹټҪϷ⽣䲻Уȴֻǡǵ𣿡
˵ţﾭγһָ׿Ǳߣŭ
ԣת׿ȥϹٷ۶ˣܿȴҡҡԴÿɷЦ˳ǲ֮ɫ
ة̫࣬߿Сˣ콣ֻϹټҵĸ֣ĸУýߣмƲƲ죬ϹٷһЦ
Ϲٷû˵Ҳͷʾͬ
콣ľԣֻиദϧ֮˲Ż棬۷һμûëͷС
⣬ܣ
ǣﾭγɼᶨݺݶ׿˫Ҳ콣Щӣֻ֪ܲǱоŴʦͣȥǲϹټˡ˵ĶԲ԰Ŵʦ
üͷһƣ׿˰ﾭγһۣȴǵʱ¶һ˿ЦȴǲûػȻԵöĲǰ߶ĵطפ
ةǰة࣬Ȼ˼ϸܣǺǺǡ
ô˵
̲סһ𣬰ﾭγɶʱгϣ֮ɫϹٷ۵ˣҲǲŵؿ׿һ
⣬ôܣֲϹټˡ


914 
ض׿ӲţϹٷ΢΢ţ۾һ飬ɫһ⡭ô£Ϊγ콣ֻձϷ
ʲôһϹʱ֪ԭոԶ캰ɱϹټҵ˲ͻڱɱɵжʱ¶һǣôǵôˣ󲻴󣿡
ͻһϹٷ۲ݺҧҧ̾СҺ˶ﾭγ˽磬ǲûиϾɱӳһˡ
ԣϹ̲ŲɳͬʱҲһŵؿ׿
ⶼɵΪʲô
ô˾ĲϹټ𣿡
ؿ⸸Ů˵ķӦ٣ﾭγüͷҲǲɵһº૳
һЦϹٷ翴ɵӰ㿴¶֮ɫߣ˵ǵ۹ة࣬ﾭγһҲˡϹٷۼӳ񽣣ǲһٿطϷϹټһڸֺԼȥȡʱ񽣣˿Σοةոԣ⻹һ壬һɹɸĴҲ̫˰ɡӮһͿأةĴ˻𣿺ߣ
Ŷԭˣȫˣˣ
̲סһ𣬰ﾭγԣƤʱһƤ૳̵ְԭҹһУеִߣ尡һֱΪԼ˫ƹŴ֣һԤƵķչ벻֪Ƕһе˲ٿƴƴȴΪ˼£ˣྐྵȻû뵽Ϲټ⣬бĵ˴šǰ䣬ߺߣһܱʣ
ɫ붯ݣһ£˫ȫһУȻ˵Ŀ⣬ˢˢת׿ķмȾɡ
ﾭγ˫ͫһֱλһƳĹŴʦ㡭˭ָܺɣ
һһͨʦѣȻһĺΪңǺǺǡһЦ׿ϷʵؿˣнЦ֮ɫ
ⲻһŭɫֹס
Ƕʵǿ۰һĸݴУʱȻһСϷˣˣƴ˸ѪɺӡȥͽЦ
ǶǾþӸλλߣҪˣʲôԲں̵ȥ
ǺǰﾭγһϹټһ࣬ʱ˿̣׿񣬶¶˳׺ݹâƺھͺ޲ý̻һ㡣
أ׿Ϊ˹ͬĵˣǧָ˺ޣûһѿԡֻϹһ˼龰½һƬ
֪׿ѸԼ˺·޿֣ȴȻļ١
׿Ȼɫ糣еĳЦǲй֮ⲻˣµŭһ
СӣôΧˮйͨͷˣȻôţʵǿɺ޿գ̫ЩˡϹٷɾ˾ˣ̲סŭҧгݣһǰϷһֱΪǰﾭγƣû뵽Ĺƣô˵żٵͼҲݺǵˣ
ǺǺǡǰɣҲȫǣ
Цһ׿ÿɷƲƲ죬ĵʵٵͼνΪţǵİةѶ塣ģǰΧȦѣ
̲סһﾭγ²һô˵֪һУʲôʱʼģ
ᣡ
һ̣ʱȻ̣֮֮׿ҲаЦڵϵֶΣҿһĿȻҲ֪ͼ߷Ϲָǰ£ҲȫҵԤ֮ڣ
ʲôϹ־Ȼѱˣ
̲סһϹٷۺϹ̸Ůɫأغ䣬ô뵽Ϲ֣ǵףȻѱ壬Ͷ˻ˡ
һʱ䣬˶һɵؿ׿ԽʵܿﾭγķӦȴǵʱӡ֤׿˵
۾΢΢УﾭγɫͬЩȣҲݼţָȻʲô֪ˣôеһУҲȫ˫ǣˣ
ԣɳŻѪϹ֣һʱᣬ޾źš
ةడӶѣôһ˵Ϲٷ۱ͽһӻٷضݣǵ̽Ӱ
֪Դ׿г֮󣬲ϹٷŲţȻɣҲû̽ӵļֵˡ
ˣﾭγźԥؽ˿ûһس
ǺǺǡةǴˣȻһһ׼һЦ׿Цŵͷ
˫ȭݺݵ߬𣬰ﾭγԣȴһŭ²ߣŴʦңڿ౾ࣿº£λǵһθɣ
Ҳֱ󣬻ͿǿɣǺǺǡüͷһ׿ʱЦ

΢΢һﾭγɫøѿ˶ؼ䣬ֱԣո׿ǳĳòˡ
ﾭγǵ۹ʸݵš
ΨһЦȺۣģָ㽭ɽ˳ᢵĲܡڣ׿ǰһһĲŻҲ⵽˳裬ⲻðɣپƽһ裡
ϾһִߣŪڹ֮䣬ŪʵЩܲˣ
ϹٷƼˣҲǶݺݵض׿һʳô˵ϷɵһһҹҲıඣ
ǺǺǡƽɾҴˣ
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿ʼ磬Ц֮һָǻڴкŻѪϹֵԩͷծǴϢǸǰҪ֪һ˽ģҪ赶ɱ˵ĻԭĲϺһڣƽء֣ϹټҸѱ̼ˣʱжأǺǺǡ
ӲɵһϹٷתϹŭ²࣬һΪһ֮˽Һ£๼ߣ
䲻˸Ϲֲ´󺧣Ȼܶŵȫֹͬʱһ󸹷̡
ӵ£һôȫ֪ѵӸɻʱһԿţ
ƺ룬׿аЦѹĵͽܣΪʦ˴³ɣ˰
ħͷ
ΪϤּΪɵ;ֵϹֲɵʱһȻʺѪ󺧳
ôҲ뵽ǸĥȥӰȥٵħ֣ȻһֱסڲԶ׿
˵ôʱضǱҵͷأԭ߰
һʱ䣬ϹֶپһоСһ㱩˺ؿҪѪˣȻھڲͣѪ


915 ߶
һԼʹ޵ˣϷˣŪôʱ䣬Ϲǹӵ棬˲ʱܵĪ裡
ȻԶ̲סһ󷭹ȫ£ûڵֹס£һͷ񱼣Թ䣬пȫǳǸðħϷŪ׿ģ
ʵϣٱ΢Ĳݽ棬ҲԼСϣҲԼĵߡһֱūģһλǿߣħ֣Ҳˣ˭˼ұԼǿء
Ƕ׿ͬˣȴûͬԷʵȻȻ֪ǳų⣡
Ƕݵһ壬Ϲټҵүòã֮һĲأһ֪ܵ
ԣһʼ֪һֱūħͷ׿Ļ϶ӣΥмӺ
Ϊ֪ħͷǺηʥб˾ηУ⶯ҲΪΣ׿һʼ׼ӣȴʾ˵ԭ֮һ
ʱ˿̣ڵ֪󣬱ûڵشʹϹ֣׿ȷϣʱԼľǶôȷ
Ļ־͸иĻֵӣӪһǿķΧȻʲô˽ˣûˣҲͲΪˣ
ЩϹ˹춯ˣɶЩɻһ󲻽⡣ѾôˣʲôôģǶǰСˣ˭أ
Ѿ޳⸱УҲ̫˰ɡ
ҲֻаﾭγһϹֵĸܡǻĳ裬ĳ裬Ѫͳϵĳ裡
ЩԱ߿ֵûᣬҲСȥܾϷŪ󣬴žͻָܣһ֮Ŀ֮£һؤһڿˮĸܣ
⣬һϴȥ߳ܣɱǰˣҲһ
뵽ﾭγ۾һУʱâ׿Ȼμ鱨ϹСӲʶʱ£ӦҲйĹͰɣ
ǺǺǡҲǶһ£ŵ뾡ң֦֮¡һУҲ֮УҲ
üͷһ׿ɵʱЦĵة˵֮Ҳ
ۡ
أͣӶϹֵĺˡԣǴ飬ֱ׿ݺһ
ɱ׿ģû뵽ֱ˼Ƶˣûɱɣ˼ҴﵽԼĿġ
ߣôܹܵȥűӵ£ĲҪæ죬Ϊ˴򹤰
𰡣ҵ𰡣ɲƬˡ
Ϲ°ϣ᲻ͣȴȻš
СίģȻ°ޣҲŭ䲻䲻ҡֻϹټһ˵ţϹٷƶôϸҲΪ
Сӣﲻһɴµˣ⻹϶֮ıޣߣ
һֺıγһδˣһΣò˵
һжһ飬ﾭγʱһУ׿Ҳһӡֻʱ˿̣ӲǿأļɵﾭγôһͷˣԲ򵥣൱Σգ
Ǻﾭγؿ׿һۺֿܣȷûͬӦһ֣û׿ŰΧգһжı޷죬һ©·Ҳ̺˰ɣ
ǺǺǡةҲǴˣȻ֪αҪһ٣Щ˽°Χأ
£֪һ£һ£һϣɻиһأ
ԣ˲˴˶һۣЦֻ׿޾ĳЦﾭγЦϷ
һâԣֽ֮УϹٷۺλ־ǿȴǵʱһߣﾭγ׿һ˵ȣˡ
ⲻһ飬پһȤͬʱϹһĸܣܵǿҵ˺
Уܲܿһ㣬ô˵ҲǶϹټҵĸ֣ôǣǺΪѰ
Ǵʱ˿̣˭Ըעĸص϶ϹٷƱˣҲٿһˡ
Ͼ콣ֲϣ
ʱĿĽ㶼۵һϣ׿ÿ˵Уɢž£иŪ֮ĹŴʦʲôߣԼ˶ǿߵĳΧ£ţ£ȷԼͿ϶أ
ǲ֪ҲΪ֪ԲŸСĽԤܷһпܣ
һ˫ĿﲨתϹ̽ǧǿȴ˿Ϊ⣬֮ɫ׿סˡ
ʱ׿Խİİȴǲ֪ģֹסӿ죬ͨһƬѪ
û뵽ǸСԺжʩԮȣȻģͨĲͨվʦһ¶治ɫĸӢۣ
׿ȫ£¶İŶغ֮ͬȴһִƽɽλϢ
ǲò˵С˵ȴǸ׿þ뿪ӡ
ԼĿ⣬ʱ׿ȴǲûע⵽ϾڶĿǧ۾ע⵽һأ
ٿЩһۣת˰ﾭγ׿аЦһةˣҵľ籾һʼͶˣûһ
࣡
׿ʱͫһӡؽᶯȳ
ˣ
ʱ䣬һεĲȻ׿𣬽ţ֮ϣǣأعâʢһ貵ĿĹȻһǳأ£ʱҵ׿һĶֵϣʱ㽫εذĹ֮ڣ
̲ͫסһﾭγ˲ɴʧɫ׷Ƥˣ֪кè壡
ʱ֪һϵ⡭ϹǳôܣӦʧ˲Ŷ԰ôᡭ
ʲô֪󣿡
̲סһﾭγæתȥȴ˲ǱˣԼӵ۶ʮλʮһƷ󷨴ʦ֮һɸæʵȻ֪Ǵ󾿾Ǻ;
һؿ貹ƺȻЩˣﾭγѯʣַӦæةˣǳĶ࣬ʧϷҲǵһμΪ졣ΪΣϷҲⰡ
ㆪ¸ƨߣ
ƽһʿİﾭγʱҲ̲סŭ
׿ڹ֮мˣɵʱһЦյةĪŭ֪֪һˣҲ޷Ϲǳ߶;ô
˵׿΢΢һһЦϷǡͣ
ʲô󣿡
̲ͫסݺﾭγɴһȻæһ֣˵ﴫߣ
ǣ
һȣǰ׿ȴЦҡԴÿɷ񣺡ˣǳ󣬾һ֣һת˲ţǹԪ֣Ҳ׷⴫ٶȡֻҪһ͡
˵ţ׿ǻЦ΢ԭʵΣҲýģƺϾҪʧһ㡣
龰ﾭγʱƤһ˫ȭǽŵغݺ߬ǲʵĺɫ


916 
ˡ
ǿ貵ĴĿ׹£ϵⷢɢ׿ǽõϣˣǰﾭγǳЦ뼥
ЩԪǿߣҪǿͻʽ׿ˡ
һУﾭγݺҧҧ촽ҧʺѪ
ܴ裬ΡǱⲻ֪ðСӣˡϹټҵһڸûܾ콣Ҳˡ
ȥڽؼǣǵ۹ة࣬γ֮ŵӣǳˡܷڼΣδ֪
ɲǼ䣬ֻһҹܱȴе;˲һƬڰƵġ
ҧгݣζըˣһԵĵȴĺһĨĪЦ⣬׿һۣͷ
СһϲԸɣ뻢ѨǺڰɣǺǺǡ
ݣ
Ȼڴʱһƿֻգ֮䣬һƬӰ˲ǰһسϹǰһѱץסǰĲݺ
һϹֻǽע׿ϣûӦô£ǶپһգȻ˲ͨѪܵýԿԿţ˵
ϹٷƣʲôùԪ۷֣Ȼһӳ֣㻹ҪҪ
һϹٷԼҹŮ£ȥȴǴ˲ˣ壬ԼֵܣϹٷɣŭ㲻˼ֶŮҲù˼һԼݣҪĻϷ㵽ף̶
ƳһۣϹٷƲһмƲƲ죺ϼһԼٷ֪ϷûȤ򣡶ңô˵ҲǾŽ֮׿Ѿͷ׵ķϣֻϹټһ龳ͨߣϷҲԽݣֻ֡ߺߣǵѡǸˣֶŮ
˵ţϹٷɫһȻϹ̵ӣŰڵ׿ǰŭȵһϷˣʶĸϽѳ콣£һ·㾶ȥɣȻѾͷɾͲˣ
һ׿ӡ΢΢һЩݡ
ﾭγһǰʱһţæ˻֣ЩͣýһƼˣʱˡ
ʱ˿̣ȰסѾͷ̸У˵ûûس콣أϾ۲˵Ĺϵʱƺ൱һ㡣Ҵ鱨жϣѾͷΪһ룬ԼϵҪõҲгˡ
ɲǼ򵥵ѹϵԽˣ˼Ҫûʲôǲء
˵һûдʲôģϹټҲǼãڵ֮У˭˵׼
һСӺѾͷദˣվأ
ûﾭγϹٷϹлǲ²⣬ľһһ
뵽ﾭγתؿϹٷһۣͷ
ƽֻһʱϸ۹ة֮ϣѹϽ
ǵۣܿ
ոԼʵ̫Ȼɥʧ侲ƽ۶ǧ˿ƵУܳôһתΪʤһ۰
ﾭγ°޷˫Ŀ׿ͷǺˮĻش
Ϲٷ۵ҲǼ׿˫ȭ߬һƬ¶ϣ֮ɫ̶һ֮˰
һʲôˣô̶㲻㼴ʯĳҲЩɡ
Ϲؿ׿Ƥ΢ƺҲڵĻظҲһЩڡˣϣ׿ó콣ֻϣܿ׿һ̬ȣǲΡ
ֻҪ׿¶һ˿֮ģ֪ˡ
ǣ˽עӵĿ⣬׿ȴһ̣ʱ¶һǳ棬ڽƽԴˣץϹٷ۵ŮȴҪЮңǲǸˣ
һڳ˵ʱɫһ̾Ů޻СӰѱ
Ϲٷ˫ȭһգȫݺҧСӣ
ϹҲһɬǹĿôȻ飬
һˣ˷ǲľ顭оһϹٷƻ̽ǻ˵ȥ׿ǴЦһÿɷһ˷ǲľ顣ǽվò顣ҸѾͷʶһ£ұû⣬ֻҪϹټҵĸΪҳˣĿĲ飿УҲǱˮ֮飬嵭úܣ
˵ţ׿ֿϹ̣аЦѾͷոѾ㣬ûʲôô㾡뿪ǲǣ
΢΢Ϲ̵˵ͷ
ǾͺãѾ御ˣԼҪԹˣһЦ׿תϹٷЦˣǲ֪أԼЦҲԹ˭ԼҪԼҪ۵ġһ㣬Ӧöǡֻе㣬еֻһΣϹٹ㣬ˡ˽ԼֶŮĸܣ֮пҲֻһΰɡƽúܰ
شЦ׿ѣӡٴνǿӵҲ䵭
̲סһϹٷɫ䣬û뵽׿Ȼ˾飬˿Ϲ̵һ˿ûУ;ȥˡ
󣬻ЦԼʹɱףҪȥò˵ҲӰɵϹ̵ҲЩɶ
ۿһĻĻе׿һ΢΢ͷüסѾͷˡ
ǣϹٷƭﾭγȴȻһУɴȳƽɱѾͷ
ʲô
ոڼ㣬治ںѾͷĻôϻڼ㣬ֹ㶯֣
۾΢΢һУﾭγƺõ׿ѱƵģɺݺݶǹĻ֮УȳһҪߣѾͷԣ
ԣϹٷϹ̵ƲٴνЦԭˣһԭ㻹ҪǾͺðˣѽ£ҲΪ㣬ǰȫ뿪Σ

ٴһϹ̶پȻûһϢ룬ǲ֪ģﾭγĽͺо˿˿⡣
Ͼţ׿ﻹҪֻͱ˵ķʽһˡ
ǺǺǡǸĵˣ˶顣֮Уȴ顣㾿Ǹʲôء
԰׵ϣᣬȴ΢΢¶⵫ЩźЦݡ
ϧҲ̽ȥˡ
˵Ϣ£Ϲٷ۵˲󼱣Ҫ֣ηηβ»ẦϹֱ
һʱ䣬ǲ֪ΰźá
Ļе׿һУһƬɫӡ׼뿪ϹٷͷԡֻһۣѾ֢ڡ
ﾭγϹʣΪеĳ콣ôֻҪ뿪Ϲ̻ʼֵȻû¡
ǡǡ෴ֱӽǾûôˡʱǾͿ޼ɵ׷ɱԼϹ˷ȫ·磡
ﾭγϹŮޣһܻس콣ǣϹһ֣ɱ𣬺ߺߺߡ
һЦ׿ȻһУÿɷƲƲ죬Ҫ뿪
Ǿڴʱһ۵Ľȴǵʱ𣺡ùá


917 ȭâ
̲סһͣ׿־һʱСӡôˣûȥǵĻϵص𡭡
ˡ
ռ䲨ڲէ죬Ŀ⻹ڷҫ۵Ĺԣǹ֮У׿ȴǵʱסˣ˼ؿ֮ɻ֮ɫ
һ⣬˳ᢵƻʧصıԵ
ˣҲһͯɵǴ֮ȥɻ֮ɫ
Ժڣĺӣ
ùãùá
Ǻܿ죬һͯԶĴȻһɫĽСӰһĨᣬһץϹ̵Ϲٷﱼʱˤϼ򣬽²ȵӣֻǲĽһһΣ¹£ԵüΪҫۣ
ضСűӰĻе׿ѾȫˣǿС⸱ڵĺͯжо͸
Ϊ֪Сװģ֮ôȻжȫǹԪĸ֣֮ӣδ꣬óȻ֣ҲΣذ
һʱ䣬׿¶ʱһϤĽӰɫأͷ亹
СӣҪ嶯Ҫ嶯
ǣеźȴСǽĿУСһڸ֣˵ע£ܵϹٷߣεСȭͷһ㣬ֹסشϹٷƵϣͣˣҹùãҹùá
Сӣߡ
ݺҧҧϹҲһ󼱣ȻӱݺţŬȫʳ˫ĿŸж⣬ȴҲ޾Ľһصɳƺš
ΪͨװͯȭͷҲ红ͯһϹٷƲ֪СĿ£һͨӰ㣬ǰһʱһ˦ְЦһ˵һӣӦþСӰɡãҲˣ㲻ѾͷܲܲԼɣ
û˵׿Ƥ̲סس˳飬ȴһǵؿС˫ȭݺ߬
Сӣ㲻
ˣҹùãˡ
ͨϹٷţ߸߾ȴڲţȭߣȴϹٷϣһ㣬Ի̬֮ɸϹٷƴЦ⳩һ£Ͻ콣ĻҿɾͲɱѾͷˣҪӵҪ
Ϲٷƣ޳֮ͽΪԪ֣Ȼһĺ¶֣㻹ҪҪ
ݺץצϹŴϹٷֻᣬǽ׿ʼ˵ʱ
Ƥֹסز׿֪£

ϹٷٴһȣеɱҲǿ׿˫ȭգȴǻ˵ֻ˿˿亹СĶš
ﾭγһԿţ׿ֱʱΪɵЦһŴʦʯĳ鵽ˣǰ˵Ѿͷʶն̣֣ڻĶˣѵҲദն̣û֣ߺߣ벻¾ָףΪһԸҪɣССͣأͬǸѾͷദһ£˵׸ô·˽Ȼ෴
ﾭγЦһ֮£ǲò˵汻˵ˡ׿Сӣȷ׸ӣ
Ǹӣȴʤӡ
׿ɣǲȣҪСӵж˳ȹϾСӵʵȫƿؾԮʱĿܣ
ڵȣǸӶˣ޷ϣ
һ
ڣϹٷƵĵʱյ㣬׿ﻹûжϹٷƲɫһ䣬ȳǸĸףȻԼӵˣȻ˵ĻǱС֡
飡
Ȼ£һ쳹صľǵʱţеһɾֱ͸ķΣǹĵʹʱֹס۵һ³һѪȻӱأص˳ȥץŵʣҲõʱֶɡǿĳȻܷɢȥ̷ֱ裬ϣ졣Ҳʱըѿɢȥ֮ڣԲʮأأȻΪƽأ
Ҷ˶ǹԪ֣ʵǿȻֻǸոһನͲ֪Ҫٶ߶ˡ
΢̳ɢȥһǺһϹٷƣ˫ͫ΢΢һǰȥȴǵʱһ˼ôܣǡСӣ
˿ȥҲ̲סһ¶ŵݡ
ôᡭС㡭Ȼ˷ƽ⡭ôܣ
ʱ˿̣ͨڴڴŴȫâţһֻ۵ȭͷڳչţϹٷƵķͬ쳣һ֮ɫ
һԪֽ֣仹һʼͶ˹Ԫ۷ľŽȻîȫɾȫԸ
ˣ͵Ϯ֮£ױȵ֮ȻֻϹٷһ˿ѣδˣ
Сγ֮УǾ޽е顣ʱ˿̣Ҳ֪׿ĵǣƳǣ˹ԪǿߣȻΣأٲǰŰĵطˣ
Сӣ
ͻȻʱ˶ոһĻ˼Ī֮һȴ쳹˶ߣţ˵һСʱһռ𶯷ԶĹĻ֮У׿ͫһɫĹ⻷ȴǿͫһأλλ
Ƥ΢΢һСҲ֪̫ǿսǲһϾһץס߻ĪϹ̵֣е¶֮ɫڣùãһΣҪϵߵģ
һ㶣Ϲ̻ԣǿһСĺͯȻ¶һ̬֮Ҳǲص˵Դʾס
С֣˱
ǾڴʱݵһƿϹٷǱŭһ콣Ȼ
ʱ䣬ռͻ䣬ҪһΪǿâʱת˲ǰǿѹֱѹأغһͣ
һҪǻʵˣͨǿ쳣֪ΣϹȴǾضʬ֮֡
龰Ϲٷ۲ɴ󾪣ʹϹٷƣòҪΪԪߣȻһͯͻ龳Ůӳɱ֣кڴ½֮ϣ֮䣿
ƨǺӣǸ֪Сĸӣһȭ˵Ѫ˵͵Ϯ£Ҳǳİɣ
ݺŭһۣϹٷƷ༥ϹٷһʱȴҲֹֻһؿŶвΡΡһƬһĶᵽɤ۶ˡ
Ǽ׿߸ڱҪʹȫתͫضҪϹٷƵĽУĻ
Сӣ
˫ͫѣ׿´֮ͫУΪתԪ̫죬ǿͫ˿˿Ѫȴ˿ںɺݺݵصɴ۾ͨߵĿռҲھҵţϾҪռתˡ
һʱǵҲģ֮䣬ֻһ˲ѡϹٷƺ׿ˣ˭һСӺϹ̶˵ˡ


918 
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յ̵öۣǵȻƫеһ֮⡣ĿռƺҲƽϢβǿͫһصλλҲܿҪǾ˵أΣ֮
Ϲٷƺ׿ˣһɱˣһˣȴͬʱԼʹľѧֺ
ҲⲻֺôʱĽϣ׿ȴǵʱ·硣ϾɱҪ򵥵ضˡ
˵ռתǳ콣ͬʱڶǰ֣ǽϾϹٷƷûȫˣǹɰҲЩʵ˽˷θˡ
ͨʥ֮ӭȻؼϹѾͷϹٷƵʵʵһԪ۷壬һȴڻ꾳˵ϣǽһ˿Ϣ¶ҲǶϽۣ°ˣ
ȫһ㣬ͨۿ׿ƺȻȳǶˣʱͫһСһؽϹԼȻСһ̤ʱݺǽ˹ȥǾ֮ɫ
Сӣ
龰ͬʱ׿Ϲ˻ߡȻˣͨһ£Ȼӭǽͨâһȭݺȥ
СүǲͯͨһδܹССһҷ֡
ۣ
ͨڽӴǽһɲǣЦϣ緢ﻹ޿䣬δɵëӣЩΧǵĹԪǣʱ˿̣Ҳܵ飬ѱӢţ
ǿϧϵǾŽ֮һϹٷƣһȭǸĹԪֵֽܵһɶϹٷƵĻ
һ췢ǵǺͣ͵ش͸˹ֱֱֱۣͨϹȥҲ̲סʱ³һѪոջûŻҲȻֹ
ԭأزҰȥСΣڷƮ㣬ֱֱȥ
ҲΪһȭͣǵʱһȻһ빤򶼲ڳ˿ǿԺԲƵġǣΣĹͷȴҪá
ǽٶȣڱ׿ĿͫҪˣ
ৣ
գۼһ˸Ϲ̵Ѹʧٴγʱ˲׿ߣҫ۵ĹĻС
ǵֱֱƬգˣź¡һ춸طһ˻ۿȥֻ֮䣬أ̼һƬ档ǸĹԪǣװ˳֮꣬ʮɼϹٷһ֮жôǿ
龰˲ͫһºȻǲֻǾϹٷƵʵ׿ͨȻа취ǷƽƤӵ½˾ߡⷬͣڳĹԪ֣Ҳ̾簡
ϹٷƬ̺󣬿ԼŮȣҲ̲סǷֻǿ׿ȴЩӣ֪øмǸʹޣͬʱҲ档
Сӡܣ̩ɽǰ治ɫǺηʥ
Ǵʱ˿̣׿ǹ˲˵Ŀˣұߵͫ׼˸ڽϹ̾ȵߺ׿æʼʩٴζ֮󣬻ڿкƯĹͨռ䲨ٴη
ȻֹУȻһεٴУ
৵һ£һӰ͵سǰһѾץס˹ͨϸ۵Ĳ˦һӣһ𶯵ĿռʱɢӰ٣ٴλָƽ
Ӳɵúݺһ׿ϢһͣеĽҲɢȥٴλָ˳̧̬ȥȴ˲ǱˣϹٷɣ޵ҧгݣ˫ȭҲ߬Ϲٷƣ
ߣһ벻Ǹǰ޹˺ߵʮһƷʦ⣬ϵŹҲ治ô
һЦϹٷƽͨӵŰ׿ǰѪ˳Сӵֱ۲ϵ£һһСǸӶ˻Ϸ۽ˡӼթƻ飬ССͣˣոһȭϷᣬϷһŭ֮£ʹɱСңҲͣһȻٲʶĻϷҪŪСˣ
Ƥɵһ׿²һγ̾
Ϲ̼ˣȴǵʱ󼱣Сӡ
Ȼæת׿һȾһѽֻûʲô˵ģӰ
ǰһѽѣһܱȵԼҪһЦϹٷ˳Ϲ̵ĻʱЦһЦţһСӵӣڿҡΣ泰֮ɫ
εѪţСǲ԰׵ɫҲԽòҰҲ࣡
龰ڳ˶Щ̣֮ġ˵ͨոչȷˣǸӰǰĴ֮٣ˣҲ˵ͬ
ץŹͨϹٷƵĻѾҪεˣ
߾ֱ۸СʲôүǶ
ؿŹͨԽݣ׿³ڴʱͨȴǿ̧̧ͷ׿¶һοЦݣʹ˸ɫϹǱߣȻ㰲Ȼر۾·ȻںƵġ
üͷ΢΢˲׿Ȼ˫ȭݺ߬ܿɿȻɫһ࣬ץסϹ̵ļͷӡڽһ
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Ϲ̻ףǻһǳâȻʢű˾ĿУѸʧӰǵҫ۵Ĺâˣ
̲סһ˿һУȫһǰﾭγˣҲ򲻸šһȻ鵽ˣΪһѽԼӶҪˣ
ϹٷƸƤһ飬˫Ŀǹʧ֮أȫץŹֻͨƣҲ̲סݺݽͨӲʥ֮ĻһץȻԽץˣ
дʵд
ϹٷĿ࣬еĺӣеɱֹס˳ĹһȻԼĺӶҪϷͰС
˵ţϹٷ˫ָ£ԪţҪһָͨˡ
ڴʱǳһָδ£৵һһҫ۹âȴǵʱٴδӾ֮ϣǳֱֱ䡣ֻһΣҵҵ׿ڷƳǵ֮أլ֮С
ʱ䣬һͨ񷣬ҲϹٷǺһʱڿУû
ȵȣ
ͬʱﾭγҲǸæһȰ裬һԶǵ󣬼ߵЩʦʵô£
˴˶һۣ˸һλʦةˣ֮ԼķҲһѭɻ۵Ҳжһ㣬ʲô󷨣㴫ҲһѸڲ´󣬼ǳõʥʯǾͨ󷨵ĴʦҲضɸΪ֮µҲֻС󷨶ѡ󷨣Ͳ˶Զǲʹ󣬷ʱĶ࣬ݵ˿ܣϢ£·ߣҲͽɡ
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Ȼ˵꣬ﾭγ˦һƺȥŭĶ˵Ȼ˶Զǻ׷ϡƽǺӣ׷


919 â
£ﾭγæת׿һֱĬĵ˼˲ߣץӣǹ֮ȥ
ֻǸ߶ѣûиԪǿߴţٶȣ˼СʹҲ׷ϡ
ϹٷƼˣҲ˼СֻüֵΪĳáǶ˵ҲǴŹͨӣ貹ڷȥ
Ԫ֣Ҳȥ˿£
ʱ䣬ղŻƵԺڣʱ˿ȴֻ˻šϹټϹٷۣԼϹټҵǿһϢ٣ڴԶϹ֣˶ѡ
ת˲ȥӰһ۵ĹÿϹٷ۵²һΣЩʧ䡣
ѵ⼸λݴûдڸкͼֵˣ˼Ҷ۵ˣŶŵġ
ӣӣⲻĸϼһһơǰ۶ڰ±˼ҷ֣С΢
˼Ҳ㵱ˣлģ⻹ǡ
ҲǣһᣬȴǿŪڹ֮䣬ı˾̾ȷǴʡ
ش֮ҲעϹټƵСϾСӵȷʸ
ճ콣Ȼ㹻˵ĽۼˣܣҲ˴Ϊ̾ѡ
ֻһ׿Խ꣬Ժأ
ΣյһܹܲעϹټһٹ̣Ӵţò˵չǧ꣬ѾûַչĻ
һͬĲܽһȻһ˴£ǹ޾Ǳȴɵġ
ҲΪһ㣬ﾭγϹٷǣŻģ׷ɣΪ콣
ţϹٷңңǹڣɳ̾һǰˣһһǿֻ벻ϹټҵĹԣôˣǱһëͷСӸȥ
ˣĹâ̫ǿˣ
ۺ룬һλҲ΢΢ͷ૵ҹǳ֮Ϊڵ¹⣻¹֮Ϊ̫ɽ¡¹ƣǹⲻٲá̫ɽۣ¹ȥâڣСӾ̫Ĺâ̫ҫۣǴ˴ܰȻպĹâҫۣǰ;
ԣ˻࿴˿΢΢˵ͷ
µʱҪˣµǿҲҪǡˡ
ôҪҪ׷ȥϷ̶Ϲٷֿǹڣһ˼
ҡҡͷһλɲأոջǳȺǰΣ龳Ƕ޷ȫȳ̶£Сȴ쵽ˡڣСѾȻѸԼõĺ·ϣôܻȫˣ̶µġǣȻ׷Сӣò콣ˣٸȥҲͽ޹
ϾȻСӵڳ£âǰ˵㣬СһǵĹâͻŹʡʱﾭγǵעеϺⲻһսִ򲻹ôˣҲ᲻ҵʣⲻûôɵӲȥأǺǺǡ
ԣϹٷ˼˵ͷ°̾СӣȻСӼаƻǰٰãϷʣҲûжġ̶ͬĶǸӣϣҲܺúƴȫϷԹˣ
ţϹٷ̾һص˵ͷȻһָ޿еϹ֣˫ôλСأ
ȥúʣ
оâһһλŭȳϹٷˣҲǶͷȻأطӶ̧һץͽʧ룬ɬн֮Ϲ
ȻĴ֣ͷҲصأֱȥ
飬ȻܲˣԼͽôߺߡ
ȫĮ˵ǹ
龰Ϲֶ޳ˡ˭˭ˣôⲻˣ̽Ҳ̫ʧ˰ɣΪ˭˭ã
¼䣬ԩûԩ
ҲˣΪ˭Ҳȫӹˣȷְܲûһְҵ£ҶӣûЧҹκһң
ǣⶼص㣬صǡ˲õˣŻɥ֮Ȯѣﶼû֮صġ
һ棬Ź˸׿Ϲ̵εʱ˹լԺ֮СǻϹ̿ʱһƿȴǵʱϹٷˣԪٶȣգ۱㼱ٷɵ˹լϿաϹٷץŹͨӣŹе׿ҡźţһӲҪˣͶˡҪٲ콣ӾǰСӣ
СӣǡϹһæһԵ׿г׿ȴɹžɫӡ诣
ৣ
һ˸׿˵ӰٴʧͬҲһɢ֮䡣龰ϹٷƵʱһ飬Ѿʯĳ˵زС涼һ£ֱˣ
ôûл֮𣿡ʱﾭγڵĴ£ҲѸٸ˹ʵ
ʼ磬Ϲٷûðɣֹûлת⣬һ˿ɶûСϷû֮ˣѾˣߣ
üͷţﾭγҲϷѡ
һȡʤ粻֮ඨʤ׿ѹԣ棬ȴʱβһ㣬ûޣ
ৣ
ʱһ£ڲԶλãﾭγһæһ֣ʱǰȥ
ϹٷŭһŹͨǰȥѰ
һӣ㡭㡭
ৣ
Ϲٷƻûǰȣ׿ȴٴδߣʱûƢͳ顣ţ֮£Ѱһ׷ȥ
ǺƳǾͿһЦһĻһ˵ȣ׷һܣɶ˻һ㣬ˣת
Ϲٷƣбźӣ׿һԹǧѰһͲϾ͵һ˺ѷδûĵģҺͺӾͲˣоһûַȿԣ
ⲻϹٷ÷ζըˣͨ죬´
̵ģ﾿˭ĺӣϸӸͶӣ㻹ҪҪٲӣҲˣһƱ˵ˣ
Ϲٷи̣ô룬ҲôΪǣƹһĳˣ˷ѵ
׿Ҳ׼ǲСôȻȻ뿪ģ
Ȼ飬ȴʮǡ
ǸӶҪǴһ𣬾ȫ·һһų콣뿪һ˿϶ܻ
ϹٷСӵ콣ĳ룬׿ֺγԳ콣Сӵأ
ʱ˿̣û취ȳСӣΨһģԴǣƶԷСһȥδȣ׿ڲϴ֮Уϸϸ˼š
ϾСӴ˴ȳϹ̣ʵǸ⣬ƻ֮ڡҪ²ʵҪúôȲǡ
˵콣ϡСӵȴһҪȫ
оâһ׿ڹĻ֮Уɫ˵ء


920 ҹûʤ
ᡢȨ⡢
һĹ˸׿ӡ૳ڲϵر任λáÿһζ˲ԶϹٷٹ֮ңǹâµλãֱֱɳƳǧ֮ء
Ϲٷǣ׷ŵƹܵСӰ㣬һֱȴÿϾҪ׷ʱֲ˶ԷӰģת˲ţ°ء
ÿÿʱǱֻһ̾¶һ˿ŭĿЦԶĹβ룬ϢɵһϷˣȥȴ֪ʱǸͷ
Ǹһĵ֮Ϲٷʧȥģ̲ס󴭿ŭ̵ģѾ޹أߣҪȥϷǲ׷ˣСӣԺǹһˣݵؽ磬ϷͲܵóϷȥ
ƽĪ˵һԳ콣Ϊȣòس콣ӣһŭ֮£ѳ콣֪صǾ͸֪ˣ
ƳһۣﾭγѵȻָæתǸһ·ʮλʦλʦҲǵ۹һ󷨴ңھôʱ䣬ʽĶ𣿡
˴˶һۣʮλʦ˸񣬽Щջ߳һ󷨴ﾭγةˣҵȳǳҲ˽⣬忴ЩŵԭһĴߵǵ֮·سɴ֮;ضȻơǳߵ·ǳ֮·ȴ·裬Ǳȵ͸˲֪ٱ
ڲϵ裬Ǹ϶ٱֻ֪ô;УסСӣ
Ƥ̲סݺһ飬ﾭγʮλʦһŭ㴫ȥͣͣʱǸͷۣһ·׷ȥҪſˣ
᲻ᣬةɷģ
˰֣ʦһָգæϸĽƽתзȣݲ÷ԽǳȻҲӲطԼ޾ҵȸոۣ˽Ǳ֮ࡢ诡ᡢȨ⡢ζУӭ½ʽת֮У𲽴ͣС󣬶д֮µûв´ĻһվǴ֮յ㣬ǳ֮⡣뾭ոռ͵Ӧ½λãǸط
˵ţλʦңңһָǰһݰݴԼ䣬أ¶ԵõЦݣ
ٺٺ١˰ɣרҵľרҵģŸոռ󷨲ãҲһ¾Ϳ˶ߡ⣬ʮһƷʦʵ
ž
Ȼȥһİٴ𣬶ʱ˸ͷתոףת˼Ȧֽͣ
̧ȥʱȴֻﾭγǷŭݺݶǼˣ
Դһ⼸λʦһĪЩίôˣةֶôŭǣûʲô°ɣ
ƺ룬ﾭγҧгݣ⼸ϰ׳գôҪոΪβ˵һûõģڲ˵СӻߣֲصĶƽߣ֮ǰǰס
ã
һͷϹٷץͨҲǽ˰ﾭγĲȥǱߣδ£Ҫ׿һǰˡ
ة࣬⼸ʦӶȱ㶺ˣ
û취ƽһֱ󷨲ãͨʣ䣬úܡȻǱǵһ㣬ȴҲЩΰʦǲʦҪǷ켫ҪǱоͻظҲ⣡
˵Ҳǣɾͼߵĵʦʦȷȳ˵ܶ࣡
ص˵ͷϹٷƱʾͬǺܿüͷһƣɫسСӿǸⰡôߵȴǱȺ껹ƻ治֪ƽʱѾڹĶϣôģ
Ƥ΢΢һﾭγҲ˵ͷ֮ɫ˵ǰе⣬˲ԣҲ˸еΣյúܰ
оâһϹٷһۣҲͬͷֻһֱŰﾭγٷеĵ˵ɫϹžȴ̾˿
˼ӹţâ̫ҫۣҲΣģСһ
ಡ
һ⻮ֻǼʱ䣬ﾭγƬݴԸͬʱ৵һ£֮ϣǳһâ£Щʦԣǡǡ䵽ݴ֮С
׿Ϲ̶˵ΣҲ˹â֮ڣ
Ȼǰ϶¶ˣСطһЦϹٷץŹֱֱͨת˲ϽϷ֮ɫһ£㻹ôܣŴʦϷͶˣ
ȻһϹ̿һ֮ɫ˹Ϲٷƣ󺧳ôô죬ǸأǾ׷ˣ
ǿ˴йɣҲѹ֣Ͼǻʮʦţ
ͫ΢΢һ׿ضţȺʳˣȴǹž˿Ϊ⣬еӡٴǣѾûʲôˣ⡭߶
ˣ
һεĲ͵طǹϵĹâıѰէſĿİâǵصܣֻ򣬱Ѿڵҹյһ㡣
ǹӿƣҲǵʱɢȥҪǳȥϹٷƵˣأر㱻ƱƵϢһͣͣӣ貵ĹâҲεȫ
˫ǰݺݵţֻһϸ죬ǰ֮УǹаЦ׿ﾭγʮʦȳô£ô󷨵ôԪֶ޷ˣ
ةˣʱ֪Ǻúù۲һ˵
ã
ǼʦͬƤʵﾭγȴպݺһ飬⼸ϼһؼʱ͸ҵӰ
׿ȴ̲סЦһةˣǼȻ֪Ҿ͸ѰɡΪ߶Ϊǹؼ𣿡
ৣ
ǹⰻȻ΢Ц׿һ˲ʧͬǹҲһصϣֻƽȴ쳣µȴʱڳ˵ĶУգȮةչˡǻҪس콣ĻͰиλȮİװ֣ʱԻӻأǺǺǡ
ݣ
£֮ϣ߿ڷǳ䣬֪ʱһİߣ΢֮⣬߿ǳ
Ȼ󣬱ǣһ貵Ĺâವһ£һߣ׾Թ϶㣬գ·ҹһ
ߵյ㣬ȴԵģңԶıǴţһǱǳҫ֮أǰЩһĹȻڵ棬һ㡣
ϧѾ׷ˡΪʵ̫ԶǹԪֵٶȣҲǵ÷ϸҹɣ
׿ˣƤӵ£ѣ
ؿλεһԣڳ˶شסˡ
һҹ֮׷£æһҹ˼ҵ޹һϷˣһҹȴ˼һëûţҴ˻ֻǸվߡ
裬ܴ裡
ⲻֻǷĳ裬ﾭγǵ۹Žĳ裡
һˣﾭγθ϶ͷֹ̾
Σ۹һңǱǣűһⰡ


921 һһ˹鱾
֪ˣ֪ˡ
ңԶĹԽʧ˿Ǹ΢Щʧ䡣ٹԪ֣Ԫ۷徳ǿλ͵۹һңةﾭγڣ˫˫ϣȻһ١
ⲻ˶ЩƣһʱҲ൱ǾڴʱһЦȴʮֲʱ˵
Ƥһ飬˶Ҫɱ˵ĳ嶯ȻЦûʲô壬ǶУȴ˵ķ볰Ц
Ǻ˶ݺݵؿЦ֮ȴֻ˲Ǳˣǰʮʦ֮һ
·ȫûע⵽˵ʦһ˷ܣ·´½㣬ƨߵߵ˰ﾭγǰһݣة࣬ˣ˰ǳİ
üͷһﾭγôضǣû˵ȴÿ˶һЦݣϲԽοЦҡҡԴ
ةˣԭ߶ʽֻǶ;󣬻һ󰡣ոմͣһߴΣൽΣһνǰŵȫȻСȴ˴áñ뱱ǵĻϵֱһδռתơҲΪʲôǰ˵ص㲻ǣڶϣǱǡ߶ǽǵһתƵ֮Ⱑ
ȫûпﾭγ֮ɫλʦԽ˵Խ˷ܣԽ˵Խ·ʲôµĿгɹƵģӶֹסضҪ˵ǳϷոҲ˵ˣɸΪ֮ûԴ˶Զû뵽ȻһˣԲŻ󣬱ôҵ̫󣬶ôСʽ϶ܲˣԴվһԵġһˣ
˵ţλʦǲݴԸһٷң͵ؾ𼸿ʥʯƬȵȻˣһΪոյ̫Ѿȫˣ

ǾλʦҲ̲סߺȳ˷ܲѣΪǸոյĲ²⣬ǵõ֤ʵȻǶԵģ
ﾭγǣûˣ̾һįתȥһȥˡæϡ
Ǽλʦˣȴһɻôة˶ǵķֲ𣿸ոǺܼ֪İ
ˣ̫ˡ
ؿһۣƺȻ˼ϹٷƲЦãĵ˶ˣ˵ʲôãߺߣ󷨴ʦʦ
һϹٷҲ뿪໤ҲϽڲࡣеˣ뿪֮ǰмƳһۣ°һ䣬ӣﳤȥ
ֻʮˣԭüͷɻĪ
Ȼ˵㣬Ҳ̫ɡûץסˣôһʧѾõǳҲѾ֪еļֵ
ߺߣˣƨ
мƲƲ죬Щȥķʦɱĳ˵ǻȥˣ;ȥоһ˲µʽСһ㣬ǧҪ٣ǳ󰡡Щ˲֪мֵǿɸǲһ˵ãǾʹܿʽأ
ǣǡ
˵öԣ˵öԡ
ͬΪʦЩ˵йͬԣϱֿʼо׿µżרһ㣬ϸ¶˷ܣÿһ䶼С̽飬һƵġ
Ǵʦ͵ˣʦעǱУÿһµͻƺͷֻ֣ͣǰ档
˵Ⱥ壬Ƿţ༰ģҲǻġЦʦظʦȴм͵ʡͶרҵû취ģɹʦͣһӾͻˣ̫࣬ﻹȫоҲֹڴˣ
ﾭγʿעģЩ˲ŸˣǶڱ׷ִţ
˫ǲͬˣȻ·񶼻࿴ߡ
ﾭγһǣִֻźظܳʦǿߣദദȴΪͬһ㡣
Ϊ֪ƷʵĴʦܸ档ոŭŭȴûжйɱͲ
һﾭγʵǸϸλߡ
ٴλصԺŋˮһرмﾭγ˵įô˽ͷһΡܵôң˿ʤʵûеõһ㡣
һȷһţȴǱһ֣
Ƥ΢΢ᶶһ£ﾭγ˭أ褣ͬΪı֮ˣ൱ģȻҪʤ⣬žɣǺǺǡ
ಣ
һƿ죬ϹٷҲسһϢĹͨة࣬СҪδã
ţȵǹһϹһŪ۾һУﾭγҧгݵ
üͷһϹٷƲɼЦѵðһ򰮲İة࣬˴ţȻôɱȻϧ֮УǱòᰡǺǺǡ
ûн֮£֪ţҲһΪãҲһ
һâﾭγʱһתͷҲصˣֻɱ֮ȴشϹٷƵĶУ಻ϲһˣ
ؿһֱۣʧΪֹϹٷƲһ̣Ц޵һ޵ڶ¶ݣ˹ĶǣȻ벻õİة࣬ҲסĸевˣǺǺǡ
һЦϹٷתͷԭˮ鿷ɿյڣڿտҲĲҾɫҲ̲סسҧһҸأϷ򲻻ģߣ
˵ţϹٷҲŭһȥлץɫ԰׵ĹͨεѪڵأһʺӡǣԶԶ
һ谵Ľ￴һУḧ룬ȴֹס̾ҡԴ
СһǱ蹷˰Ҫǵľɲס
һ棬һ£׿˵γһƬде֮УǷƳʮǧˡ
Ϲ̿һһ죬ʵ벻ոջǼＸﴫ͵ǣһ͵ôԶĵطƳǵӰӶˡ
ĻϹٷôҲ׷ˣ
²һϲϹһؿ׿ôģôᡭ
ţȾһ
ûпһۣ׿ֻȻأǰȥһڵɽڡϹһ㷣û˵ʲôֻ׿ԣš
Ǻܿ죬ɽб㴫һ죬һŭ˻쳹ɽ䡣
Ϲһ㶣ܿʲôһ˵صԴף׿ڷйϾļƻܲСӶܳɹƳǣԶ߸߷ɡ
ڣΪԼӱץˣܲ
飬ҲΪϹ̲ȥֻ۽Ǻˮš
޺ɽг˴ҹֱʱſͣ
Ϲ̲֪ôˣҲҽȥֵ׿Ǵ˳ɫƽʱһƽúܣڱǰƽöࡣ
ֻϹ澪ǣʱ˿̣׿ƾȻǰһ֣ΪҲһԭȵأؾˡ


922 ͻ
ô㡭ض׿ǵĮΣϹ촽˼֮ɫоɻ
룬׿³һĵûʲô˵ģҸպͻ˶ѣ
ͻƣᡭ
⹦˲̫ͬΪع鱾ԴΪ
һƬĮ׿ֳģϢ䣬УΪ֮ʼ̬֮ʵͬʱҲõƽľÿÿķʱҶǱһҴһֱŹɡ
˵ţ׿Ȼƽ۵ȴɲһ˿
꣬һֱԬϸµŹƽ飬Ҳ˵һֱƽΪ֮£ҲֻС
ؿһۣϹƺ˼̽Ų¶ȵ˵㶼ӵ顭
ˣл𣡡
Ȼ˵꣬׿ǴһشϵϹټҵļϵȥɣ
΢΢һͣϹٴһۣȴĮ֮ɫž֪ԸἰҲ˵ˡֻ΢΢˵ͷأط߿գǰ·
̧Ƴһۣ׿оâһҲһ̤ţϣ
ǺһһŮӰһǰһ󣬼̫ո𴦷ȥһɣҹȥˡ
ڼ䣬˶ûʲôĽ̸׿һֱһϲޱԶһƬƽϹ͵͵תͷ͵һۣҪ˵ʲô˵Ҫ˽ʲô˸꾡顣һ⸱ǧ֮ɫһ̾ҡҡͷִ⣡
ڣֹһ֮Ϲһ䵽һƬƽĺǰ׿Ҳһ׹䵽ߡϸϸشһĲã˵ͷϹټҳ˺ŵ˰ɣȷܣ
ףô֪һû˵أһϹؿһۣĿ֮У
Цһ׿ÿɷҡҡͷˣҲġн磬˻ףȴҵ۾¾ôͻ˵ĻھͿƿ磬ȥ
ؿ׿ţĴ۾ʱȶţϹȴҲ˵һ仰ȫˡ
ֱ׿һؿһۣûзӦֻ׿ţ͡
㡭ʲôͣҲ֪𣿡
ȥˣֻҸҪ㣿ϽŰɣ³һ׿ҡҡԴ˫ָϹ̶ͷһһ㽫Դһʹ˶ͷ
ȴֻ˫һ죬ӲӵЦЦ󣬱нӡ׼ˡǣ֣ȴ뷢ʲôˣ
ţӰλ׷ˣʱǰɷ뾯֮ɫ
ңǲʶ𣿡΢΢ѩ׵°ͣϹ̵Ц
˶ȥȴҲһ㶣ȻǴϲС㣬ˣһֱڵ㰡
һ̣ȻһЦϹҲȻס
ȵȣһȻҳǰɣǺܿ죬˿׿ȴһű˫Ŀ죬ȫɱȻڻ꾳ֵǿƣݺ׿ѹȥŭȳ
²󺧣Ϲ̼Ҫ׿֣æǰŭǸʲô
С㣬λѾˣһǸϸ֮ʧأǰͣ죬Ƕ˾ҪΪȥ˱𣬺ߣ
ݺҧǶŭĿӣȻֿϹ̣ȰСÿҪٱСӵĻƻˣСӽɣ
һǶϵɱϹ̼Ҳһɫæ˫չ׿ǰһᶨҿ˭˹һë
С㣡
Ƥһ飬ǶϹ̼ᶨɫȴΣֻܰ̾һ¶һʹļ׵ݡ
ʱǰϹ̲ɼ׿СߴٵϽߣҵǳ֮ǰ뿪ܱһڡĻĸֳҶˣ
˭㱣Ϊ˼ģϿȥгɣؿһۣ׿ÿɷ
ϢһͣϹ̲ݺһۣŭ㻹ʲôӢţ㺦˲أҵΪ峤ܷŵù㣿ⲻô
ȻˣΪϹټҴС㣬͸ӦðгͰ֣Ϊ˱˰ʲô
㡭
²һϹ̶ʱȴǰôôʶôл·ߣҪŹϴҪˣҿɡСӿô찡
˿׿ƳһۣͲùˣξģ㲻ȥͨĻҴȥҲν
˵ţ׿һ䣬׼ҪӲˡ
龰Ϲ̸æֹԹҪǾôȥˣ͸鷳ˡ˺ˣˣȥͨһ˵ûɣҲ
ҡҡͷϹô˵ģҲþ飬Ҳסֲ׿ֻӲͷƤˡ
ǺϹӡһǰһָ˵һ죬ƽĺ϶ʱɢһڵĿնȻǰֳңңһȴһ䲻׵ɽ
ʵһ㣬Сû֮ǰûУ򿪣Ϲ̻׿׿һۣ̾Ҫ档ڽ֮ǰЩĵؿ廤
˴˶һۣǶ˻˸ɫʮ˳ӵعһݣСԸҵף
ã׾ͺã
صͷϹһȹڣǶڣգʧֻǺִܿǻЩǵĶҪˣ뿪ü
û˵׿νط۶ÿɷ
Ϲ׿˼һ̾ҲˣֻþȥأڵɽдO@ĽŲԽԽԶֱȫʧ˶
΢΢һûСĶ࿴˿ǲаĻȡ
Ȼ˫ɱ۾׿â˸
۾΢΢һУȫ룬׿ҲǲһȵĻȣɤ䷢Ц
СˣСˡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ϲڶ˲ףϾ˶ڵѲߣɵʱһűϲһϲѶ˶еÿ䡣
˵ĺУһȺҲ˳ǼϹٷۣȲӭԼŮʱɶʱϲɫǰס㵸̶ڻˣûŰɣ
ûУл׹ģ
ҡҡͷϹҲһϲɫؿϹٷȻͷȻ·뵽ʲô㣬æʵ̶ôôʱŻСûôŰɣ
ûУŮһֱΪչˣŮ
ʲô˵
Ϲ̱׿˵ûһҲǻû˵꣬Ϲٷһô


923 ̸

²һͣϹ̳Σȴǲ֪λظһЩû׿̵棬ôҶӡĹһ¡һһҲðˡ
ڣ˵䣬Ȼǿƴϣ䡣Ļֱ棬˻ҩ㣬һ¾ըˣ
⡭Ǻð
üͷţϹһسȴǲ֪ôźáϹٷۼˣ֣ô㲻֪˻ɴ˰
ףһһҪ侲һл˵ҲôҲԵأ
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ǻʱˣغ򡭡
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ڵˣʢģһСѾͷĶ
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ЦҡҡԴϹٷ¸̣ȴǲٶ
ǺһϹټҴУƺƵȥÿ˶ɫ£·Ҫʲô㣬һٳٷɲ
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һǶ׿ĿأǲԵưѾȫһٮٮߣƿؾƵһˡ
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˴˶һۣڶнΣֹסҡԴǶϣոջ˵ԼԲϹٷ۷ġʱ˿̣Լǰ̲סðɣԪֵǿƣʱͻͻֱðһʰ֮ƣ
׿Դȴ·ûһ㣬ЦһϹٷǵ˾ˣղﰡˣ
һףĿǰϷȻһˣͱϷǰϷˣһ񲻾һ䣬Ƥ΢΢һ飬Ϲٷ۶ʱŭȳǣʲôͼ
Ӳһ٣׿ĽŲȻͣ£ȻӲӵЦЦÿɷҡҡͷ
Ϲ̼ˣæٴδԲ΢Цף·ΣգרŻһġ
Ҿ·רϹټһģ
Ȼ˵꣬׿һЦĻɫҲüΪĮȫĳ̶ȣĵϹټбʽף֪ɷȤһ
Ƥ΢΢˶Ϲٷ۳аݣ˵
ǺãҾֱ˵ˣ
˵ͷ׿Ȼ֪ҶΪűϹٷץ˵ġϹټΪңǲǸ֪ͼҾȻذأ
̲סһϹ̶ʱȻԭΪ²ŲϧðգҵİǸæϹٷۣҲǼǰСΪҡ
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̲סһϹؿԼĸףһʹһصԴˮ
ԭ˵ԼҲȷˣһȻҵȡĻҲᡭ
Ϲһ˸УȴҲ⣬Ϊǵļҷˡ
·ȫûע⵽ԼŮ˰㣬Ϲٷһݺݶ׿ôС
ߵĳϹǼˣȴݷ壬ҵ棡
壿
üͷһ׿˶ϹٷһۣȴȫһףЦϷ
ˤӣ⣡
һЩ̸еСжѣ㵱аĵߺߺߡ


924 
ֲм⣬׿һĵؿϹٷۣȻϹټô˵еǿʶǷˡ˵ĺʧأǸһŮҲԵֵһ£Ϲټҵʧɵ𣿡
̲סһϹٷɫ΢һƬȴû˵
ߣϹټ֮Ի˼ҵУһǰﾭγĻǣıϹٷ۴²ȣ¡ûӳ֣ϹټҾͲˣͲͽˣʱﾭγٰ쵤ᣬȲϹСȥμӣСӵѱ壬ᱻﾭγΧˮйͨȫûһУûаëǮϵ㣬ϹٷۣϹټҼɵģӲǳû˸˳糵ѣϹټҵĴѣָаëǮĹϵ
ţ׿һ䣬ĴϽ޾ĳ෴ǡǡΪӵĴڣˮŪ˶ﾭγž֮Ź˽һ򾡵ĺûᣬȺ˵ӲŮ˵ھȻҧһңԼܶӺԵͷˣʲôǶݵһ壬壬Ϲټҵޣƨα
׿ŭ˵Ķ߲ϻ죬˽һһȫסˡеиǴƺ뵽һƵģЩصԴ
ǰСȻԼ岻⣬ְѣûжϹټɶΣ
˵ǰ㣬ѵûһԼ©ְ֮ͲɱһϹټܽԼʧܣȫһأ
Ҳ̫û˰ɣΪݵһҰ
ϾȻԼṩһͼͼǼ٣ﾭγҲ㲻
չһսľ𣬸޹ء
οҲСԣֵ̳֣ĻͳΪ˼ҵвͣʳˣʸС٣
˵СϹټҵľˣҲΪ
һʱ䣬ϹٷλϹڽͷӶOO@@϶֮ɫֹסҡͷոտʼǿӲƣʱһ࣡
ô˵ȻǹԪ֣ȴǿ֮ңζҪռַɣ
ν߱£粽УҪɵ㲻֮£ҲҪǿҳСνְֵжסˣ
ʹ׿һ٣ʹǿ콣ġڡ˼һ粵ðɶվסţﻹ˼Ӳ
ǲСˣ˵αҲαĶȥͨ;ﵽĿĵĻҲԸеǿɻҪƤأ
ѿǵĳ֮׿ضΪ֮ɫЦϹٷɫźĸO@ȴǳ֪¡
Ȼ䣬ϹټһƬĬȻ粵ƿԣ˵һ仰
΢΢˼Ϲٷ˿ֿ׿ȴȻأһҲոԵȷˣ˴δܣϹټ֮û̫ϵҪȳɣҲðɣҲʧأӲƴȫܡΪϷܲΪ˰ȫǡԼǵľˣϷҲܡ
α
Ȼ˵꣬׿һЦмƲƲϹټǰ˵ô˸أݴ½ѵûʧص׼𣿺ߺߡ
ƤһϹٷؿĬ
һ׿ÿɷ񣺡̩ɽںëÿ˵ضļֵЩ˵ļֵô
콣оâһϹٷ۶
ǻһаĻȣ׿ص˵ͷͶôϹټҳ촰˵Ǵ˴ݲΪ˳콣ôڽҵҲ˵ѽ˵ȥðһգѵ𣿡
Ȼǣ˵ôˣҲһߣ̫صĻ
ŶǸҲӦ˵ˣмλ֣Ҫһ¡һЩʵСӣҽȥҲڻңûκ壬ǺǺǡ
ϹٷۻЩ׿ܿ㿪ڣĹǣ˳㽫ñ׵СߣЦ
龰Ϲٷ°ͷǿԷˡ
ϾĵߣЩʵǷˣصݻֵôȫ䣬ȴ̫ϧˡ
Ҫ֪Щ˿ϹټδһϹټҵĸͶˣؽį
ʲôʱмһĵ̣ĻûмǿߣֻоֵĻǶԷֻҪľĨļͳˣҲˡ
мͲһʮһú巢չ಻ϢΪ˳Ƶ
Щǿ֣㴳зӪֻҪϴĽ壬Ҳ練Ƶģģ
׿Գ콣輸ǾǸٻ㲻ˣ˱˵ͷӦˣֻǻЩǵֻǹһҿԽ㣬ҪθľǿʵЩѣа𣿡
㵱𣿺ߺߺߡ
мƲƲ죬׿Ȼİɣ˴ҳ֣ɲôԣʧô˵Щһ٣ܰյ콣׬˰ϹټǺǺǡ
΢Ϲٷ۶׿ļڽȴǲֻǽŵ񣬳ãŵص˵ͷ
СӵĹթѾʶˣϣ˰ɣҶҪĶЩ֣ʲôͻ飬ҲܼʱӦԡɱٱŪڹ֮䣬Ե޹˰
üͷţϹٷȻӦ£ʼ㷲ǶȴһƢҲ̲סˣ̤ǰһŭߣô˵ǶҪСˣ
ǰʲô⣿
Ȼ⣬ϹټҵĳϹԼհԵ޹һСƨĵǲ
ŭһǶϿ׿µӣͫðɣͻͻңϹټҵĵԵ޹ʱˣҪô㣿
ؿ׿¶һЦݣֵλǰǰһλֵ飬»ǰһĽģ
ߣǸˣһϲŴ׿ǰϻŭ߳ȵϷӣˣ͵ڡ
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ǰ׿ÿɷ˦˦૳͵ʲôǲǣ
˻
̲ס뵹һ˿һĻǲɵ˲侪ˡϣԪ֣Ҫֵǰ벻ʱ򣬾ȻһվСӵһƣͷԺҪĶŰ


925 Ů
һˣͷһɱģ
һʱ䣬˿׿񣬶һκ𾪣ʵû뵽Сĵɳôð֮踵飬ݳһԪֵ
λҲЩȦƵģ룬ŷӦ
ǻʹſµƤҲ̲סݳűһŭ𣬱ŭȫԪڵֹסɢϢлгɱ棬ֱֱ׿űȥ͵̧һƣҪ¡
Сӣ㻹ô
ӵȻˣ϶Ӷ֣
˿ûа־⣬׿һЦ༥ˣڳ콣ҪӴˣϹټҵò콣ˣ
֨
أ׿һƵأȻͣ˿Уͣ΢΢šϺݺݶ׿ɫ˫ĿѪȴҧгݣɱһƣȴôҲ¡
Ͼ׿ոǾ仰ȷץߣǴ˴ǰݣǳų콣ҪΪԼһŭ֮ɱСӣ˼£ĳ˼ˣ
Ȼ䣬ɲҲԽˣջһҧݺ߬ȭͷֻǹŭȴؿһֱٻֹסظƲѡ
СӣҵţҪΪ¡
ž
ǣ˵꣬׿һϣһĶȥЦߣʲô϶ϣոѾ˵ˣó콣˵ǡΪ˲ݵôڱ˵ӳƣŪҲûʸּۻۣߣ
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͵һ飬඼ڳ鴤һֺֻݺָ׿ıӣȴǲ֪ô
ΪСʵ̫ˣһô˼ңֻܷ衣
˰죬˰Σȴû˵ڶʲô
龰ڳ˶ˣһԵĶϣȻôͱһСӸʰû˰Ƣôܣ
˵Сг콣ҪЮǶԷҲǸսϽˣôô׾ͱ£ûаַأ
ؿһĻλǿ˴˶һۣ΢΢˵ͷһ¡
ĹҲѹ֣ϾǸﾭγˡ
ûǶϵķŭ׿ٿһۣɽȥڶûһۣأ˽ȥֻһߣһߵҽȥҪˣж
£ӰҲʧڵ֮ͨڡ
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Ϲ̣ǵһμ׿ħԾ¶ʱ򣬲סˡǹԪֶҲİĸоͺ񡭡
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Ǻæתȥȴ˲ǱˣĸףϹټϹٷɡ
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İɣۣзִ硣ϾǿɲԵ޹һСȶ⣬ǺǺǡ
תٿǷŭĶһۣһλǿ͵ЦһÿɷҡҡͷȻɫһ࣬ٷǶУ׿Ĳ
Ȼ׿ֻһСʱ˿̣ЩУȴǼΪӦļֽɫݲǵġ
ǶϣҲڼλϹĺȰ£ȥ˻׿ͷļӴƣ
أأֻգ۹ֻʣϹٷ۸Ůˡ
ǣϹҲҪȥʱϹٷȴؽסһ£̶
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³ϹٷЩسܿɫ̶ֿûڳΪΪոǸ
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˵ͷϹٷ۲ɳ̾һ̶ȥ磬ΪΪҲ٣ֱգҲֻһŮѣΪףĶû˿ԸոΪ˵Ը֮ҲȨ֮ƣ׼ģ¼丸ĸ˭Լӣأһʮ٣ҲһûԸģ
̲סһϹ΢΢ݣнϣ֮⡣
ЦһϹٷ۳̾ոΪô˵Ҫǹһ̸ϵĳѣܽȨСҲΪŮҾ͵㾡ȫȥ˸˵ЩΥ֮ԣҲ⣬̸аҲΪαǸ䣬ΪϹټǽΪλӣҲûа취ˣ̶ոΪԸеģΪҪǸᣬۺʱεأ׵Ķǿõģ
ף
²һϲϹϲϹٷ۵ĻȪӿʵһֱ֪һֱˣôԣԶʼһһֱףԶҰڵһ㸸ײǴȻ֮ʿҲԶĸװ
ԣϹٷ¶ο֮ɫص˵ͷ̶ˣһ¸αһ¶ͲٻΪˡڡǺǣһж˵ˣΪҲ˲ٰ
˸ףո˵ǰ˵ǣΪ˻̸Ȩɹ𣿡Ȼ˵꣬Ϲ˾µգһ
̲ס΢΢һ飬ϹٷЩƣСʵ̫թˣ̸УΪ̽䰡ѵûոСһŰӣ峤϶ҳ𣿰ȨϣΪ˴ǱɽˡֻĿĺϳ콣ˡȻСУ裬֪ҪŪʲô۶ءߺߣǸħ
Ŷ
ص˵ͷϹû˵ʲôȴ¶һĨЦ
оâһϹٷۺܿ̽һ㣬һ̾
ŮŮĴӸܵһˣ뿪ӣҲͿඡֻˣҲ̫Σ˰ɣ
һϹٷһΪϹټҵļͷһθеԼȫ޷ѿغŮҸ
ΪŮϵˣǸ޷ѿصˡ
һ棬׿ɽһ·Ѳӣ·ؽ˰㣬ϹټҳϹͬУٹһƺƵݣ
ڵЩϹ˼龰ȫסˣЩˣһɣĪ
ⲻǹһͽôڣһһȺϹźŲιܾݵأ
һʱ䣬е˶ɵˣؿ׿ֺδǰȴǲԣһԴ


926 
˵Сһⶴ￴ȥʲôأ
׿ɽ˴Ȧһ·ѲȥȴǲûʲôʲôҪһʼ˵ҪѡҲûѡһλǿɻʳ
оâڣ׿ҿЩһãǣڣˣһŵˣ
ţ

˵ͷ׿һЦҪѡһȵģȥӸŶ׼ʵĵص㣡
һ㶣ЩϹټҸ߲֣ʣ
ǰó콣ҶӵߺߺߡһЦ׿Ȼڵ
һϹټЩϼһ˴˶һۣһɻͬʱЩС̵ģ˵ѽôȥأ
·𿴳룬׿ЦһÿɷٵģͬǰѽȥֱܽﾭγǣҶӵĻȥȥˣ߶Ϊﾭγǲţ̫ΣգҲҪǵȻˣԸĻðգֱȥҲûʲô˵ģ
Ը裬Ը衭
׿Ȼִ㣬ЩϹټҸ߲æڶƣڣԴ亹
̵ģСҪǰѳ콣ֽȥˣҹʧĸ֣ĵڰˣʲôûɳɣ
ڽСǻ̸ȡأҪ䵽ﾭγǸˣ
Ǻ׿ץǵʹţнүԭλϹټҴж׿̬ȣ࣡һˣˣǾˮһˡֻǵʹ߿죬αأ
ˣһȺϹټҸһΧ׿ߣǲ˿̬֮ʱЩǸӿˡ
ôϹټҸ߲Ľڲټ嶼ôΪôһȺϼһƫƫΧһδɵСתأʵ̫Ϲټˡ
ǡɷҲ
Ƥ͵һ飬ӶĽʺ޵ؿ׿лһƬ˵ͨˣ̳ˣҲû¡
ûǼ޵׿ôһȦȴüͷ壬Ͷ䣬̾ѵѾûڻ꾳𣿡
Сһܳڻ꾳ĺ٣ܹҲôѡݣϹ⣬Ҳ͸ոſӶѣһæشʻܿЩɻͷҪڻ꾳𣿴ŶѣΪҪ󣿡
üͷ΢׿ҡҡͷֻǴŻ˵ؼ
ʲôһһ˼飬
ûǵĴСУ׿ͷػӻ֣ѵʲôʲô˵ģ콣ҲҪֻܶһѣⲻ׬𣿺ߣҪڻ꾳ҲΪԱҲҪڻ꾳У龳ϹٷǵĶĿҪӣҲչǳϹϾǼߣҲһҪûеӵĻ˵á
˵ţ׿ЩϼһѲˣǻаĻȡ
̲סһгϹɵһҪȥԱ
ԱõĻǻϹٷŽ𣿾ΪԱҲ˲ǰëǲŲԸװȥ
ڣ׿ҪȴǵʱЩΪѡ
Ȼ׿˵ĺܶԣ콣˰ֻһͰѽˣѾ׬ˡ
һ壬ʱֻʧҪӸס
ǳ콣ȻĶ࣬ΪŵΪ˵ˣ壬һּ
һʼ׼һԱﵽĿĵĻڸϻ˺ĵġ˵٣ԺԲƣȻɢˣ嵹֮գҲͲԶˣ
Ǽ
׿ϹټҵˣȻῼһЩЩ߲ȴðգһ壬˼
˵Ըǰ̣ϰȡʤҲԸһʼһˣȡʤɹ
ⲻü򵥵һ档ɢˣ㲻ô˰
λ߲㻥࿴ţ˴˽һȴǻҡԴͬһ㣡
˵۵ף׿ƤһҲһ̾Ⱥ˻Ǳ֪Լ
ҪһϹټҲԸҪôأ
üͷţ׿Ҳ̲ס˼

ȻһҵĴ쳹ɽɵһ㰧һ㶣׿ЩϤתʵôˣ˭ڴУ
ߣ˭ϹǸͽ£мƲƲ죬һλһĵȳ
ǰһ׿ʱ¶һĪЦλͽϹټҵĻɷһãҿɲ㻹Ŷ
⡭
һͣ˱˴˶һۣűȫ¶һаȵЦ⣬һλǴЦһްްǼСﻹǻȻҪĻһ֮񽣹λҲˣٺò˰˵أ
ԣ˻࿴˿Ҳ̲סЦ㶮Ҷȫı飡
ˣϹ⵹ùˣһαߵ䵽׿
⣬žԵְɣԵٺٺ١
΢΢һ̣׿¶һаЦݣϹټҸ߲һۣ뷢֮յɽգþòɢ
ÿֲ֮Уһ㡭

һ棬һյڣϹȻĥȫεӣΰһʵʯϣΪȫա
һλںߣһѺݺݵץļͷĿ⣬Ԫֹס͸ȥֱÿһÿһѹʹ̣ϣ
һЦǺںߺݺݵضʵ˵㻹Ϲٷ˵ʲôˣݵ㣬֪֪
ϣ
۵Ϲ氧ⶼ˰˰ٶˣ͸˵ϹٷֻЩ֣ûϾɱҲò֪⳷֮ءųضݵ̽أɴûʹطҲû˵
üͷ΢΢һٴμӴ󣺡ߣȻҪصݵ̽ӡȻѾ˼ʮˣÿϷ򲻾ͷһŭ޲ĳСӣߣ
ã˼ʮ㻹ʣ㲻ҶˡǸҴˣϣҪ˾ˣ˾˾ҡ
۵涣Ϲһ󰧺
ǣʱ֨ѽһصʯŻ򿪣һϤʱЦ쳹ڶ˶ϣǺǺǡСˣ˾ǲܾˣΪʦܱһأ
һ˵ʱһ㶣תſڿȥȴ֪ʱ׿ӰȻسǸطɹһЦݣһϷʵؿϹⱯҵľ󳰷֮


927 ԰
šһ
̲ͫסݺϹֲ´󾪣˼֮ɫô£ΪͻȻطһеٻصط
Ҫ֪ڿǹϵϹټͽôܻϹټҵĵؽأ
һʱ䣬ϹԴʣӶǲ⣬иãһƬ֪νǺܿ죬㽫һж֮Ժ˫֮ͫʣµģֻ޾ĳޣҧгݵɱ⣡
˴ĻϹֵĴѳˣϹټΣ̤δ;϶һƬġ
ɾһĳ֣һжˣϹټҵͽ˰̿ϹٷҲʧȥüֵ
˵˽վӣⲻˣ˭мһˣ˭˱ĺͷߺޣﶼкõǰ;ˡһеףһ
һˣϹŭͷ򵨱׿һЦݣͺ޲ǰ˺
ǣ̵ǣСӾȻħŴϷŪСӿ˲ͷүζ̲˵ġ
ʵ۸ؤͷ⻹ӿ˭Ҳܿ㰡
ʱ򣬼޳ܱ΢֮ˣҲһߣϹֵĵ߾׿ӱ˭ܱλ˭֮£Ҳλ֮£
⣬ҲϹһ𡣶һʼ׿ʱııУôҲȥҲǶϹ̵ִţ׿ӣôҲ
֮ʵȻԵǰչȴһ㣬ͷ£Ըʵ
ֱĵˣʵļƣҪԶǧֹز¶ĸ֣
ԸϣһΪٵһʵǺٴμ׿Լǰʱû˼Ϊ׿ܴҡڵؽܾǰУԸæһԵϣҪ赶ɱ˵ϣΪһǰȥͻϮʧ˲ǼٵͼҲġϸϽСˣȥǱ𰡣
üͷһת׿׿ɫһ˫ԭͱøӱ
ʵϣڹլУ׿ҲӴ࣬Ҳ֪¼ȥҲѰ׿ϸոһȺϹټҸ߲׿̸УѶϹ֣Ҳûμӡ
ԣȫ֪ϹټѾ׿˺ʶ
ǣںļϸ֣Ȳνģ뵽ģȰ£úýѵһСӲǣ֪ͽûк³ġ
Ϲټϣֱ֮ͽˣ
أʲôҲû˵һ̤׿ȥɱһƣݺ׿ͷץ¡Ԫڵǿƣʱ׿ѹȥֱѹϢһ̲ͣסоЩˡ
ȴ⣬ֻɶվһǲΪЦݡ
һУʯϵϹ֣ȴǵʱ¶аЦݣһֻغٺЦš
ȻҲˣʢŭ֮£ɱǣɱȴδ׿ǹ˼ͷҪһ
ҲϸҪһģֱӻУ
ˣһ֮£׿ҼҲȫ˰ɣǹĵʹ
бץֱ̿ķΣǹʹ࣬
ţϹĥʹ࣬ƺ˲ƵģЩʮЦٲƵļ֮⣬ݺݶ׿һ󸹷̡
ٺٺ١ΪϹټҵүĥ˲ˣˣѾһˣ䵽ĺƵкܵģ
ʱһӸٱֹĻӵ̹ˣ
ϹһаЦϽʹ֮ɫдȣݺݶǿҪ׿ͷħƣǹ˷ܵĻȡ
ڣʱ˿̣Ķ䶼ʼϵƺҪʱ׿ǼͷһɲʱʹĲҽУ
⣬ôΪڴĿ˰ɡ
ס֣
Ȼڴʱžһ죬ױȵһδ׿ͷһֻݵǲ֪ʱأشڵŶһѾץסӿһƣȳ
һ㶣ϲԵǰȥȴлһӰϹټǿһλҲǸһڳϹ룡
üͷ΢΢˶һԻ֮ɫ⡭ǡ
Źǹͣ񣡡
΢΢̧̧Ƥ˸ɫλʱһԣϸϸ˼䡣ĻϲǲһȻصͷȻæ׿ǰҾȥ²ոնеŹӺ

·ĺĳӣݺľɽ䣬һ죬ʱϹֵԴﴫ˲ˣ
ⲻ˼һĻ뿴׿ϷϹ֣ʱȴǳɵˣ
ô£ô峤ϹǣСӵ̬˹άϼһǰԾ˾˼ңû
֪߲ûʲôŵ㣬ǴȣģǺǺǡ
˰֣׿ѹûȥȻ˵Ϲֻ߼ͦͦţװ˳˶ıƸ΢΢ɨۣЦѶİŵӶûС
СȻŹ˵ҪУǾһҪУ
Ȼ׿δ£һλǼһȻ󣬸߽ˣŹӱһϺõľΣʲôûѼŷڴӰ
ǣ
һ𣬲һλϹټҵĵӣƨߵߵ̧˹׿ƨɵ£׿ǰϸϸӺݺݲ˲̬֮Źӣ룬ٺٺ١
ûоûôαأֲôˣǺǺǡ
ǻһЦݣ׿ϱֵЩ󣬵ƨȴǺʵ棬˿ûκοԡ
ţ׿¿˿üͷ壬ƺȱ㶫Ƶģɤ¡
ͼٴһˣϲ裡һȺСûܲأ
ǣϣ
һȣܿӴҴ˽һ̧һС׿ֱߡһֶһյ裬Сطϣ㹪ˣ
ǻЦݣ׿΢΢˿ʵΣϾǼרǲһȻⰻȻضյƷһڣܰĳȻ
̹
Ƥ̲סݺһ飬ΰʯϵϹǳɵסˣһҲ粣һϡﻩ
⼸ϣۿ׿ܱʹ࣬ʲôСǰ԰
ЩϹô£ôһȶԼڻ飿
ǵĽڲأϼһǣ
Ϲźǿǰ׿һƵݣȴֹסǷҧгݣ޳ˡ
һרĥҵĶħء


928 յ

һ¶ǣ׿Ų룬ֹסط̬֮֮ңңϹְ˰룬Ц⳱ʪɽڣղ⣬һȲ¶ǣ˵˵ǲǣǺǺǡ
ûû
ŹǻǺǺǡ
ԱһϹټҴУһһ㣬ԴͬϽһЦݣ·׿˵ʲôǶһµͷͬƵġ
ֹסس鴤ϹһƬ֮ɫһȻ䣬Ǹе׿ôȻǰҫװƣ⼸ܵĿУпᣬܵһ֣
ԻймߣѶƶ
ʵҲһͷ˵ֻҪԷñԼãоʹԷǹñԼʹ࣬Լʹ࣬ҲҸζϮͷ
ǶԱȣԣ
Ǵʱ˿̣׿Ȼ£˵ƶǰֱбȼҫΪĿܶ־꣬ô̵ܹȥ
ǣڴﵽĿģۣʹ޵׿ⲻС飬ʮ㱩˺ǰԼʬεĶˣ
ƾʲôͬǸϹٷǵ̽ӣǾңҿɻϹټҵүһƾʲô
Ϲֲףֻޣͷʹö޳ˣ
ؿһۣ׿оâһ°ЦûѾˣ㿴ЩϹλǰƲһЩĻ뵥ͽܺú߶߶֪ɷ񣿡
ȻȻдҪǶ㣬ǺǺǡ
Цһλǿ΢΢һʩ񣬱˵ȥ˵Ĺôиˣк󣬾ֱԱǣ
˵ţ˱ȫڵɽڣȻ¡һʯŽϣ
ؿһУϹƤľǳ⻹ϹټǸ߸ϵĳϹôô߹ûʲô𣿽ڲپ鰡
֪ʯŹϵһɲǣϼһɫҲԭȵЦݣһƺεعϣ
رϣ˵ǹ䣺λ磬һ治֪ǻһأǺǺǡ
ˣСһϷȻ˭ôڿװﰡη۶ոǸԸӸ׿εĳƣΪ߹Ϸ֮࣬ҪΪԼֵܵЦˡ
Ȼһ󣬱˿ҲŨŨϷ֮ɫⲻơ
ʱһλǿݺݻ˻֣˵ЦµЦˣǼ¡ñͲ׵̽ţͺΣգܻܶ©ǰץסǣҲҪֶΡСĻ֮˵ãҪϹӣȻҪǰԺˡȻм˲أ̽䣬Ҳûʲôô
ûһС˼ܣıƻˮ©ǰʶˡﾭγˣд𣿲ϴڰﾭγʹơҪﾭγˣԼӵĴϣСһ㣬׵ҲпԭǾ͵Ϊ˳콣һΣʱһλǿϿڡ
󣬽΢΢˵ԴΪո޳ܵЦаַˡ
һ棬ϹټҸֶ뿪ɽֻ׿Ϲֶˣ׿ϣȻȻվΣϹ֣аЦǲǺ֣ǶΩǴӣ
ɷ˷۶ϹֲȥѾ˸޵ģСǰʼװˣװѾģޣ
ʵҲҶǳϹټҵͽûʲôҲòһֱҡ˵ˣǶһˣ
̾һ׿̲ס³һȾһ˿ɫ쿴СϣȳϹֻ̺͵ϹټҾݵΧߵģû뵽Ȼǵ̽ӷ֣ץסˡڡҲ
һЦϹ̧ۺݺݵصһۣЦҿñȻʵ۶ϹͨͨΧתͲӭȢ̶ϼ֮λ۷ˣ㻹ʲô㣿
ǺǺǡһϹټҵˣǰɾôҵϹټҼ
üͷһ׿һʧЦҡҡԴˡң֮Զ˹˳ΪҪĶѣ
üͷ̲סһϹ־콣
ǳ콣
оâһ׿һ£ճ콣ǲҶΣҲһֱڴ̽Ѱ񽣵䡣ڡ˼ƶˡ
ʲô
ģûУ
ϹһӲݺݵرѣݵϹټˣһŮӰɣ˼ǡѾˣ׿æڰ֣Ȱ
ܿ죬׿һЦа˵¶ûôУоҲˣҲ̶֪
죬˭ôеģݺҧҧϹֲɴǼɫ
ÿɷذڰ֣׿ǽСĶˣоâһǿʼ⣺ҲôУϹټЩһֱǡŵңֻҪҽ콣ҾܳΪϹټҵĳɻڴҲ֪ҵĶ޵ġʼնûӦԭֻΪҶӻϹٷƵһţǽȥҶӵأ
㵹ǻȥϴ̶ʲô
ɵȥͻȥˣϹټǰȥ𣿡мƲƲ죬׿һĵؿ
ʯ⣬һȺϼһǶ͵͵ţȴһụ́Ǻ졣
С֪̽ô˵ְߺߣ
ͬʱϹٷۺϹ̸ŮҲϸϸš׿˵һºϹ̵˫ղʱͨ˫Ŀǣȴⷺһ˿Цݡ
Ȼ֪׿Ϸԡ
üͷ΢΢ţһ漰Ϲ̵£Ϲ׿żҪô죿
ȻţѣȻ㣬Ҳȫﲻȥֻ˼ӣ
оâһ׿Ҫ˸ȥţǶʽص㡣ʱҳȥҶߵ̽ӣطܰҽǽ
ͫ΢΢һϹֽض׿ţͷһ÷Լ
һҲ׿˼Ц˵ȥţ
Ҹո˵ˣҶһˣϹټҶסҲҪµ֮أĻŹֻˣΪйͬĿ꣬㲻ң
һ̣׿Цճ콣ϹټҶ񱦱һţȻȴܹκǷߣȥѶʱ˫Ӯ


929 ѧŵ
˫Ӯ
۾΢΢УϹֽض׿ֿЦˣҺôҶáǡΪʲôҪ㣿
ոҲ˵ˣҶáѵһֱϹټҹţ·һ𣿡

ݺһͷϹֵʱ¶һ֮ɫʮ˲ҲһҪʮ㡣Ҿ޾尾һ뵽ɥ֮ʹݣҲ̲סЦģ
ض׿һ̾ôңòûôԹɡҶ㼸Σ˼ͷѣ˳ϿħŰĸ֣˼ʦ˼ΣСʲôţҼǲסˣӦþôɣ𣿡
㻹ҪʲôѾˣ
Ƥ̲סݺݳ鶯ţ׿ʱ£ʱĻٴͻͻðûðɣһʲôһоӿ壬ϹټҺ֮㡣ȴϷŪ裬ĳޣѵʿɱ衣ϣûңܵ裬һٱǧȾʹӿʼ
ϹЦ׿ȴǾؿһԡ
һϼһǶ͵Ҳ̲סҡͷһǿǳ̾ĵ벻Ϲ־Ȼĳ񶾣ҺţⲻФӸˡպ书澫ڼ嵣Ҫְ˵һϹٷư
ǰǰ
ҲֹסͷǣϹٷ۸һ̾Ͻϧ֮ɫֱ¼еĺӣ벻ϧϧ
ʱһǿȴǲͬϹִ˵㣬³򡣱ϾĪ裬ദѵǱǹһϷŪ󣬻ܺɫƽ𣿡

һ㶣˳˴˶һۺҲʧЦҡҡԴÿɷ񣺡ǺǺǡҲҲ̲˰ɣֻ˵չŵСӡ
ۣ
һЦϹ̲ס촽ϹٷۼˣȴǺݺݵһۣ΢߳˲϶һҪĶǹһϷˣϹ֣Ӳ㻹Ц
ص˵ͷϹûгֻͣЦֱˡ
Ȼ֪ԣһ뵽Ϲ׿ǰͷ絷ߵǰԼ֪龰ʱôô
Ǹٷ磬ʲı磬˱΢ʱ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ֹסԹϹȴһֱûЦݡ
һУϹٷ۲̾һҡҡԴ
Ĳϰң
ʯ֮ڣ׿ϹЦͣպٴζѯʵǻظģϹֻ֮ɫҰ㣿±ӰɣϹּµ֮УҲЦſÿɥ֮ʹģ
ɥ֮ʹǿ϶еģ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿ؿһۣ̾һܿȴЦһÿɷ񣺡ʹӦҲɣʮһ͸õ˰ɡƾõԣʹʱ䣬Ӧò㳤֣ͬͬãӦҲܻⷬʹɣ
̲סһϹֲһ֣ͬ
ǰòΪҲˣֻһӰɣ
Цһ׿ǵʱһаĻȣ˵˵ҾжõĻءˣ˾˻ϹټһϼһǿźҪϵһأֻҪҽ콣ȻңǺãҲˣһӣҿࡣҾȥ̶ϡʣҰѳ콣ȥҲ׵ˡǾ˾ܲԼҹŮ˲Ѹɡ
㡭ҵĹͽܣµҲãǻҲգпľӳɿ񣬻ǷΣãǿɾͲһ˰ǺǺǡ
һЦ׿һתʯȥ˵⡣
ϹֿһУȴȫɵˡ԰ôˣ˼治ǷҪȶӵİܺѡ񣬲ǿׯһӣ飬δ֮ٻɣ
ԼأǸ汳Ķѣ··һԼڵ￴˼ЦǸң
Լôôù·Ǿ·˼·߳ׯͿ˼ôѡˡ
òƣǸùӣ˼ҵϹټŮøãţֻҪñҺãҾܲ˵Ĺӣܵˣ
Ǻۿ׿Ҫ뿪ʱϹǼеȵȣȵȣҡҴӦˣҴӦ̶ֻԶһ㣡
΢΢һͣ׿תƳһۣ¶аĻȡ
ڸ㶨ˣߺߡ

ʯ⣬һǿɳ̾СӵĹ֮ȻȫСŪڹ֮䣬ϲŭ֮С˶ֵڿġ֪ոݵǳϷ˰ɡΪǳϷϹţǶԳ콣ĿأӶԹһΩǴӣҲ˳¡Ϊ̶Ϊĵͬһ㣡
˵ͷҲֹס̾һλǿǿϹٷۣѧŵ㣬Ϊһ֮䣬ļҲҪģ
ѧ
һϹٷ۵ɫһ죬ЩΪѵһֻһСѡ
СôˣϷ򵹾ãһȽϣʮСʱ̫ˣǻ˼ϹƵģթƻ
΢΢ƲƲ죬һǿѵûھϼһһѧ𣿡
˵ţǹǰһָϹٷ˳ſȥȴǵʱһ㶡ֻʱ˿̣һȺϼһȴһڱĿ¼ʲô
̲סһ飬Ϲٷһǡ
ʼǰ
ۣ
һѪϹٷһλԣʱ׵⽹ۡЩǧϹһé®Сһﲻʰ
Ȼ˱ʼǣǰʥ
ֻϹƺЩŭһˣ뿪ߣʲôǣں˵˵ģѧã
һ㶣Щԡ̶ôˣ
ֻϹٷۣƺ˵ʲôЦҡҡԴ̶̾СӺ˵˵أŭѴſڿӣŵأǺǺǡ
һ棬ȫ֪Ķ׿ϹִӦһ˦֣һأسϣȻݺһˤˤϡ
ʲôҶӦˡ
죡
Ϲ־ŴУ׿ȴһ䣬ȳӦˣ̫ףҵǲǡҸ;ˣʲôУߺߡ
˵ţ׿˦žһֵʱ㽫ιȥ
ȻһıͫкɫףҲڷӿ˳ֱϹڡ


930 Ѫ֮
˵һҪó콣ףԼĶӣڱϹټҵЩ˽ţѲǾˣ
պ󣬷ǽ̻Ի͵ĴڣﾭγŲ룬૳оâһ޵ǰƳȥϹٷƺ͵ԡ
ǰηηվһϤӰȴ˺ۣǱ⼸ĥòϹɡ
ʱ˿̣ΡΡվȴһļɫԴǰȷҸϢģǿԿӡӡǣˣ
˵ţϹּóһȥﾭγֽӹϸϸ̽һ΢΢˵ͷֽһԵϹٷƵȷǹһ겨ǰº󵽰֮ɽ
Уѿӷƨһ١ڣ˵ǽ񽣣ͷӣϣѾӾܡڵãȻҪ󽻻ˣߣ治֪ǴǺͿˣ
ЦƲƲ죬Ϲٷڿݺ󣬲ÿɷӸһߵĵЦ
·׿˾٣ѾеͶһ㣬Ҳֻаﾭγ˼Ҳô˵һǸ֮ˣӲΣǽ֮¡ǽذΧǵܷĵ£ش֮ɱ࣬ҲôġԼص㣬ԼȨһ˺·ʵ֮١˼ǵعƾٴ˫һսûˣ
ߣϴϷˣһЦϹٷƲмƲƲ죬֮ͫлŭ¶ƺɺϴα׿޹Ϸˣĳ衣
Ƕһ㣬ﾭγƺȻõˣâΪذڰֵƽĪ£ϹټҲǵжصó콣㱻һΣǶԣҲ޺ǺǺǡ
ֻ
ȻﾭγƽЦţƺȻӦ׿ֻһתһ˫ǺɵֺݺݵصǰϹֱ֣ɵһ㷲ЦֻǱһ㲻ǣϹٹӣһѳֳ콣ҪϹټҷȥǡǲһ򲻶Ըôûп֮ˣѵĻ㣬ţο⻹й
ɫһ࣬Ϲﾭγһݣǳݲҵة˸߼СӵȷңǰѾֽţǿ
˵ţϹߣ첲չ¶ǰ
̧ǰһȴƤһ̲סһ¡ֻʱ˿̣ϹֱһŤĽڻ䶯ۿȥٵ֮࣡
²һݣϹٷһ֣̽ץסԪֹסش룬̽壬ȴ̲סʱһ
ԹԣСӳɳ˰
Ƥɵúݺݲ˲ϹٷһָϹ֣˼СڿֻѪɫĲϳ渽ϣζϷԪʵڹúܰ
üͷ΢΢һԣٴؿ
ŤЩĵĸ첲סϹֵǿ֮ɫةˣ֪ΪС˷˰ɡʱҴ裬ʱڱĵѪϣǸҽ⿪˦Ѳ
Ҳ֪ٶĻΪҲ𣬹ͣڴˡֻҸ͸ţҷΪС£ͻһǰ;ɡǴӦˣһøϽȥŶءֻʮʱ䣬ѪԶʳҵľѪ˰
Ȼص˵ͷﾭγ˿Ϲһ֮࣬ͷĹǣżʵˡ
ǻϹټʲôأ
ߣ벻һһʦֶξ˴һЦϹٷ߳
ﾭγҲ΢΢˵ͷȴǲÿɷ񣺡ԹһǿݣСǾӣ޶ɷ򡣹һĴ֮öԸˣҲòǶ˽ˣ
ˣֹӣ໹һͷ֮Ҫӽ𣡡
ţﾭγٴεȻϹټһӦҲ׼뿪һɲǣȫתƵ˰ɣϾѾˡôȥһţ
һݣϹֹةˣҲˣ֮ǰԼ֮أܺܿҵҡֻҪĻŸָطԻȥȡȻҽ˿Ѫϵ־ڳ׸ǵõ˫ʱȥԽ⿪ˣ
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΢΢ͷﾭγȻȻֿһ۵λǻʲô𣿡
˴˻һۣϹٷƺ͵ҡҡԴԼͬة˾׵׵ˣǶû飡
ܺãôôˣ¹س콣䣬ܴ˴ʽһĻǼ⣬඼ԸһԣǺǺǡ
оâһﾭγǻһĻȣóһ򣬾Ŀ¼һ£ֵ̧ݸǰϹֵϹٹӣǱżתһȥĽ飬ˣº
һϹֹؽӹȴǲûкˣǳΣЩԿڵӡ
ﾭγˣһ㶣ô㲻˵ʱܽôȥ
ةˣʵ˴ǰһһ½°첻ףةżظҲةûг⣬ύ֮ˣ
ʲô£üͷһﾭγʵ
ϹĿڣةˣǶһۣǷȫ
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һ죬ﾭγδڣϹٷǴһŭĿӣ
ǲһϹҲΣƾ˾ˣҷ𰡣ҲǳСû취һС˵ˣѾ˵Ļó콣ȥӴ򹷣һȥأ
̵ģ˵˭ǹأ
˾ŭⲻ˵ģǹһ˵İ
ϹٷһŭȫֹסطϹֲһæڰ֣ϽһƬԩ֮ɫ¸̲ϡ
ĹһԼ˼ұȴӴ˼ҵͷˣ㵹Ƕڱң
ʲôѪ֮ƵĻӲŲⰤĲأ
Ҳû취ֻӲͷƤЦ˾ˣʵҲ֮ôһ׳ڼӣЩһҲôǺǺǣ
ԣϹٷҲԣҲص˵ͷ
ֻаﾭγоâϣƺ˼ʲôݺݶǰϹֲţĪһаĻȡ


931 
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˼ﾭγ¶һЦݣһ裬Ϲ֣ĳ
ϹٷҲǲÿɷذ˰֣Цǣôȥ˵ѵۣ֪ͨļûСӲɣ
ôףͺðˣ
ɫһ࣬ϹҡԴҲ֪һСӾøһô׾ͱƭǰ˵ǶƽиţұԼСӣǸţȥŻţȻΪ׳ȡˡϰѽϹټңǻضݣԺ͸Ϲټһˡ
̲סһϹٷƲһʲô飿ǣһҪС
˵ôҡҡͷϹҲúΪѡʵ׿һҪĻҲԸȥͨ
ϾҲǵӵúܣһҲǸϹٷЩǿ˴һûаȫУҪ
üͷţϹٷת׿һԵİﾭγһۣѯ˼ɰﾭγȴһֱĬһƺ˼ʲô
龰Ϲֲ¿һ£پһɿ־ȻϮ㡭ǸòİСŪ˰ɣô죿ǻҪҪ콣ˣСһһǱߵòϢȡǵò콣Ҳ·һ˰㡭ô԰СŪأŪҲõȵ񽣵˵ɡة࣬ҲǸзִˣô͡
죡
ȻЩŵĻ˵꣬һϹٷƺݺݶСеģСûأ
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Ǹոһ裬üչӣӼһСжΪƵģˡӻΪҪһʬأ
³һϹǷȻһϣؿǣǵĴ𸴡
Ƴһۣﾭγ˼ãǻ˵ͷðɣʹȥһСֻܴܲʳһ԰Ϳ컯ˣ
ʲʲô˼Ƕˣ˵ˣһ㶣Ϲֲһ
ţϹٷǣб¶˸Ӿֵļɵ
ȻҲŹʵ̫ˣȻϹֱҲʲô񣬵ҲЩԸʩĶС
ܵ˵ŹӣһķߣٻҲ̫б飬Щˡ
·𿴳룬ϹٷƲʱһŭȵʲô񣿻ΪСӶˣңСӵĹǺ𣿡
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Ϲɻ󣬰ﾭγȴȻԴϣȻվȥϹٷƺ͵ڲ࣬ϹԴҲæϡ
Ǻһˣ̨ͤ¥һɽǰϹٷӡһᣬǼɽ˵һһռ䲨Ȼ󻺻ƶ¶һĶڡ
ǰ˾¶ڣȴǶʱƻͨһһУ룬򶴵ڻԪֽĻڲ࣬һڣ岽һڣվһ֧֧㣬ⶴڵİȫʮˣ粽룡
һǿϢӭϹֲ¾̾Ƿܵΰɣܡ
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ܿ죬ǵεײȴϹǰ㣬ɭ谵ɢŶ볱ʪĵؽ磬ɴʣƻɺǵľɽң˵ݻǵ񻨴󴲣ǾӨ͸ںأŹ棡
⡭軹𣬴Ҳ̫˰ɣ
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һϹֶȥȻ²һϲãû
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û֪ǣʱ˿̣ϹС䣬ѾȺӵѪϰ֮ɢȴǵʱ¶һӰȭͷСӤò׿ıѪӤ
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׿ѪעϹڣҪΪڲѪӤڵġ
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Ǻܿ죬ɿƣԼƽ
ڻǶֵʱҪȣҪȡ
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һϹٷƵϷ䲻ǺˣҲһӷѪĥ˵̷ûϣϷóˣôٸѪأ
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һϹٷƺݺݵϹһۣȻֿͨ̾Се֡ҹϷ֮Ϸ뵽պҪвչŵСӣʦΡǺ֣ʲôҩֹס˿Ѫ˵Сһ棬Ϸ˰Σ֪ǺáΪСûҲԶˡԲ֪ʱܲȥˣ
üͷ̲סһϹһСѹָոģԭСֻаˣ˵ðº󣬾Ѿûˣ
һҪ֪£ǻƨĽ϶ֱͶϹټһ֦ɢҶȥˣ͵ûˡ
Ӱе׿ҲǲɵӺݺһ´󾪣Ϻ˽벻֮ɫ
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932 찵
ֻشڹͨ۵̽̽ﾭγת׿ˣҡҡͷӣƲ˵Ѫֹסȥûˡƽ㵱ʱʵ̫ˣ
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Ϲٷһ󲻽⣬üͷҲһ񣬰ﾭγؿһۣҲǲЦҡҡԴǺǺǡ˰ˣˣҲ޿κΡؼڹһҪӵһ𸴣ɽףӣô𸴣ҪϹٹӣȥԣҲΰľͰأ
˵ţﾭγָָͨϹ֣Ц
ðɣԡ
üͷţϹҲЩسɹϵδǰ;ζҪСõظС
һΪˣȡףΪ˵ؼǹһСƹˤĵϹټŮô죿
̶ҵ̶䵽Сأ
ֹסһϹֺͫһ۾ؾͱ˹ͨĴرߣȻʱ¶һȿ޻ѿЦϸúСӣѣ㸸ģѰ
ûжСһʬ㣬Ѫڵδδôֱۼ£û˿ԡ
һУϹĿ̲ס˲ͷĺˮԶԶע׿ҲüͷزţһƬ
Сӵƾжأֻ֪еȾȳԺܲ쿴ĿǰΪֹӱϿӦǼصģȻӰ쵽
һˣ׿̲סݺҧأ˫ȭҲ߬ȴΪɿ
ģСʶ˵ϵƽİţȻӿɾͲˣ
вͨϹֵһ˦ӣӲģָɫƽĹͨһϵ޹ؽҪӵǣأǸӶߺߡС㻹ǰŲûУ
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Сô·һ뷲ʹ׶ԹôţԹҲһ
龰ϹƤһ飬ȴΣͬʱһ롣
Ϊ鷳ǰﾭγǵĵѣû뵽󿲶СƨСӲѣûɣ˶ң
Ϲִӣ˭˭ˣôÿε˫УϹټҺͷģǷ͹һġ
ǰһеϾҲϹټһԱô͹һаëǮϵΪСӺͰﾭγǵĽףҲҪ棿
ǽѣָʲôϵֲƻģչżҵСӲѣŻ˵ģ׷ɣҲϹٷ̫زŻ˵ģһϵûа
ΪΣҽѣ
Ϊÿ˵ģ
ϹίҪֱԼԩֻԵ޹ʱԩѣǳܣûйͻпأǱԩƾʲô
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Ϲ쳤ХڵѪʲôù¶ͷˣôôù
·𿴳˼ﾭγЦһĵֹӣǹһ㴫ôȴǾ䡣ҲǸ֮ŻΪ棬˵þܽ⺢ӻأԣǺǺǡ
ӲһϹֵʱɫһ࣬ƺϣݺݵͷ
ãô죬ҽɣ
ǺٴſСӴرϣŵỺСӣҸ仰Լ㻹ǵðɣΣ֮ʱһȡЭĪ
ףӶԶ˵Ļôƽ۽ĸоһϹٷһɻ
üͷ΢ﾭγҲǲ⣬ֻ·źɡ
ǣڴʱһ΢ĻȴǵʱЭǺǺǡ
һ˶ȥȴ֪ʱͨƤǻɱ촽Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⣬ϸ΢֮
̵ģܻѰ˵ʲôţһϹٷƵг
ҲЩؿһۣﾭγʧЦҡҡͷԸӣǲͬѰҳЩദƽ۽ٳڣǴžһְɡһЭǺǺǡ
Ҳ΢΢ͷϹֿɲǹżҵʲôֵĸദֻ֮뾡ٳ˫ʽףԼ˵
ǺϹһϲæСӣˣϿӣİʲôҺøϽϵȥ
ħŰ࣬СүƾʲôѾģ
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ҧĸֱ죬Ϲ˫ȭݺ߬ŭĿӣСӣøʵ㡣˵°䣬ýСĻҺãҶáĻӲʹ죬ǸҲʹ죬ߣ
ħŰ࣬СүƾʲôѾģмƲƲ죬ͨ۶ȥ
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һϹñӶˣСӣոѾ˵ˣкôȥ·һֻý㻻ȥܻ˵һ䰵ŵʲô
ħŰ࣬СүƾʲôѾģ
ðܺô˻أ
ѾҪƷˣϹһԴʱҪĸоȴ˫һڹͨߣСһǰģոհҲˣԼˣܲ°䰵˵ҽԴϲ𣿡
˼ͨؿһۺȴǲʱ¶һаЦݣȻῪСڣħŰ࣬СүƾʲôѾģ
̲סһ飬ϹֶʱһһѪǱͨӶľ񹥻Ѫˡ
ֹӣһ£
Ա߿ţﾭγȴͻȻڵⰵŵ°䣬ǲǾǣħŰ࣬СүƾʲôѾİ
̲ͫסһͻϹԣʱһ˼֮ɫȻͨȴǾµСϣЦݡ
ڣСݼٲ԰ףʱ˿Ҳ¶ֱ֮ɫСүողһֱڸ°ôߣ˭˻׳գ
Ƥɵúݺݳ˳飬Ϲһλãͨһڵϣǳˣֻڲᡣ
ӾʲôҪѱĽô


933 
һʲôİţȫ㲻ʲô˼ϹӲϳ鴤ЩĵıģϹٷƲЦһˣҡҡͷ
΢΢ﾭγҲף벻ͨ㲻ȥˣҡҡԴЦ˱洦ҲֻΪ˷ֹ˺ҶϰŰɣûбҪϸ˼⣡
ôѾ֪°䰵ţԽ˽ˡϹٹӣӦܻȥ˰ɣ˵㲻Ǻܸʱ𣿡
ţﾭγһƵϹ֣Ц֮⡣
˼Լٳ˫ףϹֿվһݣҪǣȻˣȥһȥˣǰףةСӵĽ˳ɣԲس콣
ɹӼԣ
΢΢˵ͷﾭγȻЦЦ˿ϹҲ΢ЦСȻûʲôüֵˣ쵹ͦģƨǲ²ĵ̹ҲΪãҲδɰǺǺǡ
˫شЭ飬ȻǱҲڴϲܶĹͨһۣȥˡ
ؿԶӰʧͨһ԰׵ϣȴػһаЦݣȻ󳤳ٴλر۾ֻУȴǷ˺֮ϵҪˣǺǺǡֻǲ֪Ǿ䰵ţûС
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·ֻҪطһ룬ԼûбƵġҲ֪ΪΣΣУԽߣȴԽǿʮ֣
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ģһĿռ䲨ɢϹ̲סһʱͣӣҲ߲ˡ
ʱ˿̣ǲߵжζѣڻԶأ
һ㶣ϹٷƵ˼ͻȻͣ£ҲЩ֣׷׻׿ɵôˣΪβˣ
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кɸϹٷתٴߣ̽СӾˣʲô۶ӣ
ϹҲϣؿз·һ㣬ڸɫϧ̫谵ˣȴûпôΪߡ
ǣ벻ǣϹһ˫ͫʱ֮⣬һ谵ĽУһ˫ͫͬһ˫۾ھص
۾΢΢һУӰе׿ͬһֻȴԱ㣬ӡϹӶԼñѪӤߣϹٷһϹֵӿңԽԽеһĨ⣬ҲԽ䣡

أϹٷȫϹֽǰʱ׿ͫһӡ͵һ䣬еʱȳ

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ǺǴӵͻȻĹצɫѸײڶ֮ƣѸһУ˻ǽڣһϱ棬žȼգ˲ɢΪޣգΪ䳾Ļᶼûˡ
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һҽжûüǱӴ꣬ûֲĺ֮Уûš
򣬰Ԫڵʮˣʱʧǳ
ֻǣλ龳ҲǻֽţǱըϹٷƣǱǵصĺûܣҲȫһƬ֮
ԪǿԪֺݺݽ׵Ļʱ˿̣Ҳ꾡ˡ
ˣҲظоԼԪڴģǲϽǺɫճĻҲҪˡ
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ž첻ڶǿֲףǾŽ֮ҲǸееԷâ
ֻϹٷﾭγ͵ǱߣҲͬľ
ﾭγֻǻ龳߶ѣٻȻûз֮˵һӦԼǿԪԼαУһѡüͷ壬еľ֮ɫȻλնŹףҲ³˼ɵ֮ɫġ
벻СһﵱĻ棬Ѿﵽ˷˼ĳ̶ˣԽԽ˰
нעǺŰͣ˸һ󾪺Īǵǰ˫ϣ׿ֻŪһָͷĺף㵱ź棬ҶСΪݵһӡ
ڣĴָСĺױһƬ󺣣һУŽҲС˰
Сһ⼸ԽԽˡ
˿оڣһ̾


934 ɽ
֣׹죬ǵԪ޷ѹƣڲʴǵԪֵ֡խǺܲǻȳȥ˵ɣ
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ص˵ͷɴһã
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ݡ
ǼƿϹٷƺͼʵǿĹԪֵʱҲ˸߿գǿֲ׺ͬҲǽԼԪѣǳ׵Ϯ˿
أЩƽ߸ϵĹԪǣƽкеøеһִĿ֮УƺԼ֮ǺȻ
ǿһƬӣڲϷյĵؽ磬ǸִĵĿ־Ȼ
ⶫʲô˿ɲ
ʱ˿̣ԭǵضʮ˵ĻӳȴֻʣˣⲻǸһǺɫףأһӰٿˡƾǺɫףԱӣһڵؽ磬ȫΪޣȴΪֻɵվţɿŶѡ
ϹٷƣҲôգһУһֻƤ̲סغݺݶţнǿɲ֮ɫңҲƽһΣԼ˲Ϊ龰ûдȵġ
ΪҲⶫΪ
ʱʱ仰ˡ
ةˣ֣ⶫʲô֪𣿡
˰ΣϹٷƲŷɵԱߣɵؾǻ棬ȴԪ𲻿Ҳ˲ΨոɾľϨҺǹԪ㣬ٶϼٱŽҲƨˣʵ̫˰
üͷ΢΢һͰﾭγ˴˶һۣҲȫصص˵ͷ
֪Դ׿н飬Ȼ˵ﾭγеǳأ׾ʲôҲ˵ؼж׵Ŀֲܹƣ֮ӳ죬ҲΪԭ򣬵ȻвŽ֮ˡλ룬ոǼʱԪֽ׵ˣһע⣬մϵĻ
ǿɾ군ˣ
һϹٷƺ͵һ³һմ¶Ҫҵȵ
صص˵ͷﾭγ̾˿µĶŽմҲأǿⶫֻһƬѣиأʱ
˵ﾭγ˵ˣϹٷȻеǡ
ǰҪǻһƬֻҪ㹻࣬ǲܽϼһҲҪ˰ɡ
ؼôĶǴĶأ
üͷţϹٷƲ⣬ﾭγҲ⣬ֻ޾ĵ档
֮ϹԱģ϶Ϲټйأգﾭγͫһ
ݺһĴȣϹٷƵ϶ǰ쵰֪ôΣյĶȻСӼţ˷֮ԱԾҪϷϷʱд⣬ûжԱӡԱԪҪؼմһ㵽ϣϷˣߺߣϹٷۣúݰ
Ϲٷۣ
ȻϹٷѾ϶˴˴ԱըֲϮıﾭγȴüͷ淺ɻǸغº͵ļӣ˺𣿻˵ıһеģǹš
䣡
Ȼ£ʱԶ
һת׿ȥȴﲻǱĵطĶԺ䡣ңǿƴﴫ֮䣬ʱֳϤĽȴϹټҶеĳ콣
Ƥ̲סݺһ飬Ϲٷƺ޵ҧгݣة࣬㿴˰ɣǰһԤıд̡ϹǳСϷǰԱǱϾͳ֧ԮˡԾϷ򼴱ûըҲոͷĴ㰡ߣҪϷûôף
һϹٷƵһ̤ȥ˼ˣһƬ֣Ҳû취ȥսأҲȥ
ƽȵȡ
ﾭγгϹٷȻŭͷԣˣͷҲصطˡ
΢΢ﾭγ۾΢΢һУٴؿһۣȻʹ˸ɫҲϹٷƵӰˡ
ûע⵽ǣ˶뿪ǲӵĺɫ֮УһֻѪӤӰȴǶһ˽ȥ
ţ˳Ǳ׸ǵڣֱֱص׳˽ȥܿǼ֮У˹ͨӰ
Сӣ
ѪӤһϤĺУͨһ˫ͫȥȴǵʱ¶һȻЦݣϵˣ
ǵȻϵʹ뿪
ɼͷѪӤʱҡһ䣬Ȼһ֧ڵĳͨ£ؽȻವһŹͨӰֱֱ˳ȥ˲ʧӰ
һ棬ϹټϹٷ۴żλǿڵʮλԪ֣ڷһԺƻɱһƬĻȻҲи֣λǿ֣ȾŽʵ£ͨͨһ֮С
οĻϾޣЩϹټҾϸѡиֵĶ֣
䡭
һݺӣһ
һȻϹٷڿУܲ쿴ȴٵƿֱ´󼱣Щ߻ˣ֪СǱ߾ôˣҪۣϹٷָϵĻʮ˲֪ܲ˳ͻȥˣ˵ֵùҲʣ߶¼У
Ϲٷۣƥ򣬾ȻϷըˣҪϷߣϷգԲٷŹ㣬ɣ
ģ˵ܲٲܲٵϹٷڽأϹٷǻŭľ޺ǵʱ쳹Ƕߡ
һϹٷת׿ȥȴϹٷŭƽеŰﾭγȴһϲһֵ˸Ϸ򳷣Ϲپˣ
£಼ǰƻϹټһˣתۼȫˣʱһӰû¡


935 
һͣϹٷƸϹʱϹٷ֮ززӰ涼ûһ¡
ⲻŭףָȥķʹƥͷڹ꣬ϷȻ󣬾ͼβˣޣʲô򲻹Ϸ򣬾͸ըˣԭϼһҲôˡҪըҸԪɣǻеͷøͻڻ꾳СһʲôӢۺúҪȱ£±Ǯث֣Ϲټ
ϹٷһˮɽķжϹٷ޳ܣ˳ŻһϹֵСԱûһë
Ϲ־Ȫ֮ĻһƵҪ
˭˭ˣ͸ŶôôϡͿأ֪ô£ȻٿԱ׸˲꣬Ļᶼûˡ
˵һĺͿ
ǰ֪ô£Īعˡȴⲻ֪Ϊ׿ŵһɲǣѾעΪ׿ʿΪλħʴӪȼƻеһˡ
˵ˣ׿ţģŲǸӶѡ
ƽʡˮɣ˼Ҹû㰵ɱ㡣ôȴе̫ԩˣ
ಣ
һͰﾭγӰʱߡЦһﾭγøְֱˮϹٷƣҡҡͷ°⡣
һȻǸλߣվһ򰡣ֱɵúܡ
ӲһϹٷת׿ﾭγϽɻ֮ɫةˣ˵ʲôû㰵ɱϷǸոյԱټͻϮô£ϷȻû˳콣εĿģǳϷͷ𣿶С粻أԱϷԱǰɱϷƻĻô龳㰵ɱϷ򣿡
ǺǺǡƽʵȺ֮ڣ֪
ЦһﾭγҡҡԴҪԴĻһᲿϸļƻûҪëؾͳ֡ڣǺö˶˵ģëû𣿡
ǱСģʱסǺףȻĻ
ȻֲʵѰԪʶһڻСӵԱͻȻϮôùϵĸʶңԱʱǹ׾ͱͬһȼԱ治ΪͻϮֶã
ҡҡͷﾭγÿɷЦЦһ룬һܱ͵ϮֶΣȴ͵Ϯ⡭ǰɱ𣿡
̲סһϹٷؿﾭγжʱ¶ã֮ɫة˵˼ǡ
ֻʱΪİɱ˶ѣ΢΢аĻȣﾭγףĳ
Ƥ΢΢˶Ϲٷ¸ɻ󣺡ʱ
ǰʱ
˵ͷﾭγɴЦŪһУǾ͸ٻǴҿɣ
˵ţﾭγ̧һ̤ٴطȥΪæϡϹٷƳҲǼС
ֻصضǰʱһƬƬȻȼյز࣬Ϩֻжڼǻ㣬ȼղֹ
üͷһϹٷһ֣ͽЩʯȫɳȥҲ䵽Ƕڲ¶Ȼȥ
ֻͨΣΪԱƣȻһ࣬˺ܿҡ
ǣõϹٷһ󾪵ǣǵϵĹͨȴѲӰ
æǴǰ̣Ȼ˵ãϹٷƲɴʧɫأʲôʱ򲻼ˣ
ӦþǸȥӦϹټЩ˵ʱ򣬱ߵİɣлһâﾭγȻ
̲סһϹٷؿһİﾭγһۣةˣЩ㶼֪
Ȼһʼ֪ˡ
оâһﾭγǺĻһаЦݣεĶ֣Ϲټңǡһ
²һϹٷƵʱ󾪣ôģңǲǴӦȥӻôôҪ
ǴӦˣõ콣ĻǸӶ˸߸𣿡
ЦһﾭγÿɷҡҡԴ˻ֽף˵಻ţһšڳ콣ıһɹҲ͸ȫ׷ɱʱˡһվĸףһ˵ĺӣܵԣһҪϹټҵڻûг콣ϹټԴһʼûǽףֻҪ˶ѣ
˿ﾭγܣյңЦȻҲ֪ǱȡʤȳǺӵģϹҪһҪʱҾ֪ĿľһǾˡ֮һУǼƼϹһԱڣһɽ𻢣ǣ
зʱͻţ˵Ȧ֮СҲŶԷƽ˵ΪϹټɱģ뷨ֻʱġΪһ侲ٷСӲʱͻףǵĿ㣡
Ƥ΢΢һϹٷƽضŰﾭγţ˼΢΢˵Դˣ
ţոճ£ϹٷǱͻϮһôԶǵɽͬʱȷ˷ƽаɱ֮˵ŭǹԼ棬Ậŭ֣˵ء׷ڣĻɵֲĶûʲôΪҲ˳¸ˣ
̲סһЦﾭγƵɴʣĵһͿ֮أȥˡǰϹţŵݸ֪ǣҲΪĵһШӣǺĽڰºڼκ춯޹ءԸոϹԱϹټҵͻϮȻȻؾͽųˡ
ǺǺǡһǰеϲŭ֣̬ı㶼ȥˣ򵥰򵥡ݺô꣬ûֵĶأߺߣԴñкܸߵĳɾ͸аɣ
оâһﾭγһЦʱ¶һаЦݡ
ϹٷˣҲһصصԴ亹ֱðСӳֿ׼ݣĺ伫Ļϲ⣬θǵϹټʮ֣ͰǺӸˣȫˡҺϹټҵˣȻ嶼ּˣ
ǰһıʿʵҪȴܹеӣΣաһĴڣǱõĻݽǵ۹ʵΣյΣյĵزˣ
һɱ⣬ﾭγݺݵصԴ˴ΣһҪնݳ󻼣
ضǺݺ߬ȭͷϹٷƲҲͬ΢΢ͷȷ˺ΣգةǷа
ûУûУ
ݺҡҡͷﾭγּᶨ˵ˣ಻ϲһˡһִԣҪٶһһ
ؿһĬֻǳ³һǵһμﾭγ˼ӣԼĵλ⵽вɡ


936 ƾͼ
һȥ˽ϹٷǴ˽ľЩɻؿﾭγȻة˶һϣΪβǰ׼أ
ƽ̫Сǹһˣ
˰֣ﾭγÿɷЦһԴϴ֮Ӧ൱һ˼ϸ֮ˡﲼ壬º˫ۣܳɹҪĲֻǽֻƻĺòٴʧʵڶԲˣߺߺߡ
ԣϹٷ˼΢΢ͷةǣСӵȷǸ׵ϵĴ㣬Ϲٷǰ޶֮ȫͬСѾСߣѵة֪δ
֣ةյ飬仰̫˵ɣǺǺǡ
ȻĻո£ݸһЦﾭγ׵ذةȻ˳ᢣһ˰ɣ
ǻһЦݣﾭγɳȻЦһ΢΢˵ͷն˱֪ȷȻ˲𣡡
ŶôǸСھδһϹٷƸæʵ
ЦŻ˰֣ﾭγͷͶȥһĵȻоâ˸طЦ֮ߺߣСӴ˴ϮҪֻһǿ֡ϹԱϹٷͻϮɽۣһ־֮Сеһһ˼ƱҪܴܺʧܷա
ǣҲΪһ֣˵жҲԿΪ׼СڣһжϱȻ©Ҳٻǰô˵ȻҪٽС΢ֱﰲȫؽ֮ǰϾ˼㣬ԸķˣԿ죬ƾͼƣ
˵ţﾭγ΢΢һаĻȣйâһسһСƿοƿǣ΢΢һߵأصһֻ̣ͨĴָС䶯С
һޣ˼棿
ǰһϹٷƵгȻһؿﾭγĻش
ЦһﾭγͷȻԵõ˼棡ʫƣ춹Ϲ֦Ըߢ˼˼˼Уλֻ֮࣬ͨ޶ѡǴȴһԣΪˣԶ֮ܣſ֮У
棬֪һԶֻԸۣʾΪ˼֮棬Ϊ֮ţƤ΢΢һɳų̾һЩ̾
ؿһۣﾭγͷЦնԼǡ˼淲棬Һң㣬룬壬ʾΪ֮䣬֮ꡣ㽫ָ֮أջ˴ңӦҵԷԲӼˣżԻ棬겻֮飡
ߺߡԳأ֮ˣȴమʼж٣˲棿ǺǺǡһЦϹٷƵЦ
ﾭγҲ΢΢ͷЦȷˣ΢С˵˵ȷӵöˡңСҲֻǰ£ɽˣ椰ţ仹и;
ֻԵĳӷֿ۳Ƴ海֭ҩһɵһҩƮ㡣˵ҩи֣ȴɫζ˼ǹԪҲᵽҲֻ۳棬˼У᲻ϳŴƳζ֮٣Ǳ׷֮Ҳ
ô˵ոةǰƮĨСˣʲôʱ򣿡ǰһϹٷ˼
Цŵ˵ͷﾭγЦȻڸոձΪСް֮ʱ˳ͿϡǹһôϵרŵɡϵˣΣǸ֣ԼҲ죬ûʱСʲôè塣ǡСˣһһУһˡԵͷҪһѣıû׼Ȼˣ
ﾭγһ󳩿ЦϹٷƼˣҲǸŴЦֻеŶˣҡҡԴرǿŰﾭγϵֻ˼棬һ̾
һ壬ֿ飬ȴթ˴ơȻ飬һߣħһɰ
ѵվʤصħô
ˣƽСӵķѾ̽ˣھ׷ȥû񽣣ժԴɣ
ӵʱ䣬˼ŵհ˵ķ򣬲ƴ䶯ţȻСÿ䶯һ²׶ѣȴɺͣ͵š
ǰﾭγˣȴоâһǻһЦݣɱͣش˫ͫһ֣ߺŷƽ׷ɱȥˡ
˿Ҳǲòȥ
һ棬ħŹͨɳ׿æһؽͨӵ˻Զȥħ˲䵽ڣʧˡ
Ȼﾭγһ㣬׿ʱ˿̵һ֣ûʱע飬ֻ뾡ԶǷ֮أȻһȫĳСӾˡ
ϾΪûܹһ˿˵Ĺͨ˵εʵ̫ˣȻѾΣⲻ׿¸
ݣ
ǻʣ׿ŹͨСӣԶȥ˿ʱĹȻƳǧ⡣
ΪϹԱϹٷǵͻɧԭƳǵĸֶطϣ׿ӳʱԤһûܵ˿ɵسˡ
׿ɽ֮ƣɲֻǵϹٷơﾭγֻϻзͷƳЩǣһСϻȫĵ뷶֮ڡ
һƻ˵ˮɣ˳˳ˣһ㣬ǡﾭγ̬ȣ
оâһ׿ƿһС
ವ۵СϴţͨʱڣʱѵСԴǻ˫ȴһůźݺݵСֻ˫Ҳӣռ䲻ϴ
һϤӣԼϵ׿˭أ
أͨС΢΢һ¶پһжǴû㣬Լ常Щϵˡ
ǵȻҶӣҲ㣬˭㣿׿һԼδĸɶӣ׿Ȼ£ǿһЦο
촽΢΢˶ͨһǸϵԲ𡭡
ΪʲôҪ˵ԲԲˣ
̫ԣϵļƻ޷죬ҡððʧʧشϵ£ðôվҡ
ǲһ񣬹ͨ˵˵ţĬĬسȻˡССһϣȻˮմںޡ
׿ôĬĬؿû˵һ仰㾲ڿзţš


937 ݼ
ֱãͨȻ޸ᣬ΢΢ʱ׿ȻһЦĵСӡ

ȻˣôҹһĻᣬ㻹óóȻȥѾͷ𣿡
̲סһͨʱһ𣬶ʱ˳˼֮Сãȴɻ˵Դϸϸ·ȫûеģף
ôΪδˣҪٴһΣȥϹž׿ֻǾڿзУĳϲŭ
Сؿͨ˼Σ̾ΪҲù£
㻹˵ˣ
˵ΪҵķˣҵĴҲܿŹù£ƽʱͦõġԡɻȹùãǲϣΪðˡֻϸ۵ָǰ˼Ȧͨһϸϸص
Ƥ΢һۣ׿ƽףСӣȻ˵ĻǾͱ˵Բˣ
סһͨһǾš׿˵ĻĮΪ׿ˡ
ǽ׿ȴǳɵЦ˭йºµʱ˭Ҳйûʲô˵ġ϶ԴԣûбȻֻҪø;ȥɡǴģֻҪֵã㾡ܴȥɣֻҪ֮ܳĽɣ
Ӻɷ䣬ҪܰѶԲֹߣûκáһˣҪǳеܶԴҪеȻѾͷ͸óеһ飬ĸңΪ˸дۣ
ϵû㡭׿ȻѾ־ͨɼҡҡԴǿŻˣвˮ
ʧЦһ׿ƽ˼ССӣ㲻ǰһˣÿһٶǣ㡣㲻ԸѾͷ£ѵҾƾҿ
촽һͨԴȴѸжϡﻩ
ǸףԸΪⲻФһУееĸס
ʱ򣬹ͨᵽ׿ǴɽĸҲоһ
ǰ׿ʵǷ¶׿ƽ鷳ϧҲֻ׿ĸӼ´ѡֱʱ֮ʣᵽ˸ǿı۰Ϊڷ絲ΰ
һ̣׿׳ΪУ常϶һ޶ĸףܹ۰ĸס
СǸʲô˵أҪѾͷǰ˵һԻᱣȫνݼڣ㲻óµˣһһë
ţ׿ҲʧˣЩһֱŷӡǴˮļƻûע⵽ı仯⸸׵ʧְһ˵ҸǸ
˵ţ׿һ̾ϲЩΡͨ˸ѵڰֵⶼҵĴһֱΪϵֻǰ˴طѨ඼ƻͻºˣᾡųҲûҸ˵һ
̲סһ׿ؿŹͨǸС²һʧ䡣
ѵԼڶУĮҲǰǰɣ
СӣסΪһ仰ݼڣһˣϲģΪ㲻ϲҲᾡȥϲԺ󡭡ң
˿׿ǰһһֿؿͨ
ض׿˫ͨȻɫ㲣ǺݺһԴʱ¶õЦݡ
龰׿ҲݸһЦȻ࡭
ȻڴʱӶ˵ĸ֮ʣһ쳹صĿЦȴȻ𣬵ʱŵһһҵˣ㻹ܣ
̲ͫסݺһ׿æת׿ȥȴµʱһ
˻ô˰
ݣ
ƿʻһֱߣǹһ㣬ת˲ţȴϹٷơﾭγ͵ɡ
ֻﾭγٶޣɵŷɵģ
㣬һλ۹һҺλӰʱ׿ǿֹס˱Ƕʱ׿̲סϢһͣ𺧣üͷرݺݵüһ
Щôô׷ˣ֪ǵλƵģͨˣҲ´󾪣ͬʱһ󲻽⡣
۾΢΢һУ׿Źͨӣٴκݺһ̤ţ˵϶˱ˡﹷ˳ζŹˣ
ʲôҰģ̲ͫס˶ͨʱһͣһϵǸҡ
СӣҲ˵ô˱͵Ǹҡ
΢΢һ֣׿ʱЦһУϵԤϵˣ
ģ
İɣϵ
ݣ
һ˸׿ƴӣ˫Ŀ֮ȴǾڣûа˿ţ侲غܡ·׷ҧѣһةľǿϣ
䱸󣬹ݣܴܵûˣ׿ȴ֮ɫȻ˿ٶȣܵǽһ
ϹٷƲɵʱЦЦСӻǲİʱ־ܣΪԼֵܵ𣿲ͶˣҲģ
ǰһ
ǻһаĻȣﾭγЦһֱ׿Сӣ󼥷֮Ʈζÿռ䴫ߣҲ׷šôصƣ˼׷ͲԶˣʱδã
ة࣬ĥϷɵȲˣ
һϹٷƵһ˦ָ׿ＱָȥչŵģʶĽ콣Ϸ㲻򡭡ߺߡ
ৣ
һ콣Ͷ׿ϬĽâʱ׿һëֱֱէ·𱳺һڿһ㣬ʱһ̤һᣬ㱾ܵԱ߶˿ȥ
ಣ
һ棬ֱֱջֱһۣ类һƤһ쬣Ѫܵġ
ţ¡һ죬ǵâݺ·һƬȺɽ֮䣬أر㽫Ƭɽ֣أΪƽءǿѹӱը֮ݺϮȻ棬ֻڷе׿Ҳ̲סҡΣβȣǰֺ
ǰƬɽֱը֮ϣ죬ֱʣƣ˲ͿĨһƬ֮ɫգ̳
·Ȼ䣬׿ǰĵ·ϾسһƬ̳Ƶľ޴ɽӵأȫסǵȥ·
龰׿ͣӣ´󺧣ɫҲǸŽһ֮Ȼͬ죬ֻһУ͵ȥ·
Ļǰܣֻƴˣ
۾΢΢У׿ǰ壬ǻŤͫкɫһţͫнɫ⻷ԣ׼ƸۣӭսһŽˡ


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ǰӷ׷ͣͣǧ֮ң׿ңңϹٷƲЦһЦߺȣŴʦôˣ
ߺߡȻ޿ɱܣʲôӵģһսһЦ׿·Ȼڴ㣬ȳǱ֮־˵Ӣš
ȻһЦϹٷһмƲƲ죺սŴʦͿôҪһսƾʲôиһսʵ𣿹
ûУҲ־ܣ
һ׿еĹͨɱĸ˵㣬ЦңһսǴȥ˵ǸսģҲˡǱɱģǸкβͬҹһΪΪʮһƷʦҲ֮ӣɸһ㣬µµΪĬĬأ
üͷһϹٷؿ׿һۣЦת׿ﾭγˣЦߺȣչŵĻͦ׷ôҪڲͬǧŰ
־ȻĻ˲ͬˣûʲôֵġͬһݽһ㱻Ϣһϣǣ˭ѡ߰ɣ
ﾭγЦһ׿Ŵʦ֪һֱòţҲѵõ˲ţֻҪ㽫콣δͶΪ۹Чأ
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׿û˵꣬Ϲٷ̲ס촽ЦȻﾭγи̡
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ǰﾭγȷţҲʲô˲šеĲ֮ʿ£Ҿûֻһ֣һι֮ţִģ±ȡԼλ
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ǰ۹֮У۰ةƨλ᧿Σ
ԣһˣΪ͵˳콣ֻΪﾭγ̫Ĺϵ
ŴʦǺǺǡ
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һ̣һɲǹǰסֱϷ
Դ˾׿ѹ൱ģϾһζԾŽڷ۷ĸ֣ҲȻ亹ʪˡ
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ڣϹٷ΢΢һ˫ָһ˦ֱݺ׿ɨȥâת˲ָ֮ʱ׿Ȼ˿ͫ˵һռת
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ǿʶϸеߵĶȻ֪׿ģҲĵϹٷƲٴתԪ˫ָʼ۽ʱ˿̣׿δȫֳ
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ƿգ
Ȼ˵꣬ոճǰ׿ͫɫ⻷֣ͫըѣ׼һУʱ

ͬһֲֻ͵ӿ׵ʱһɫϹٷǰ͵ػҼλãرֲ
ǿֲ׾Ȼٴγ֣ϹٷƲһʱŵʬȥ꣬ǡæȫԪγԪ֣ɲֲĶմκһ
ͬʱǵڶҲݺݵߵ׿ȥһ˽ľ룬׿ٰպƶʱҲҲܲˡҪǻʵĻ׿Ȼ³
ǿѹֱţĽ̵׿һۣͷ亹ɫһƬ
ǣڴʱڳƳ׿ˣû뵽鷢ˡҲ£Ǳø߸ϣ׿Ӷ˲мһ˵ϹٷƣʱŵƨҲСǰˣ
ͬʱһвУʱλƽļ䡭


939 
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һ춸÷ǰЩɫ׸ԪϾȼȫͬһ׾רעһ㣬һ̴ֻһ㣬͵ر㴩Ԫ֣Ȼϻȥ
̲ͫסݺһϹٷƲʱɫ󺧣һĶ㱻ŵ÷˳ô뵽ֲ״˴ξȻǿܻķ
ǣ֪ϹԱʱͷųףֵĲױǿԶѣͨ
ƿգȴ׿ͫʹõľƿһн磬Ȼˣټ׵ĿԣȻʤһ
˵ԪˣҹϹټһڸһصʮʽ磬ҲƲ
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׼׿һҲΪһתȻ˱𴦣һһ߷Բ֮أʱһƬ棬ϡ
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ʱöݵһ֣ݾŽ֮һķƽܹ˿µĳ棬ֱûʲôֱ
ǣһ̵ؾȴǵʱ𡣲Ȼһæת׿ȥȴأŵƤһ˫ȶȻֹסش˰ӡ
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˿⣬ϹٷƼæһǿԪȻԼȫ飬ǺҲѵɢܣȼմ
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ȻڴʱӾлһһƿȴٴ𣬽ţ׿СӵӰأֳǰ֮ͫкɫըѣͫɫĹ⻷ԣǴٴιʼʩһƿգ
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һУҲȫԤ֮УԴ˾˵һ̤ٴԶԶ룬Ҫˡ
ﾭγ͵˼ˣҲȥ׷ΪǶ֪ʱ׿ϹٷƵλƽ׽أ
ٺٺ١ܣˣ
Ȼ֮ңϹٷȴɲΪ⣬ǻЦ˫ָ£ɢ𶯣Ϊ֮·Ҫһ㡣һָȥ׿ԶֻҪĿ֮˲佫ֽɱ
⣬ǹԪŽĿʵ׿Ȼƾƣǿһ£ʵʵȴԶأ
һ˶Ϲٷƣƽ͸ˣߺߺߡһò˵һţʵ𣬸Ϸ򵨺ҲõĽʵϷɱˣΪ°ϧ㱩¶̫ˣϷɲǸʱȥǺףǲܽϷ򷢶ĻҲûκáĻû·ˣһ
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ʱ䣬ǵâ˲
Ȼһ׿æת׿ȥ֮ͫɫ⻷֣֮ͫкɫըѣȳͫأ죡

أһɫ϶س׿ǰ֮࣬ʱǵ׷ɱ·ϡ
һϹٷƵҲһû뵽׿ȻôһзʽҲǹĺϣȻ
Ӧһ߻ãϧҪԵȴǾŽ
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龰ϹٷƲЦﲻϣǻ£ȴǵʱһͣ˫ͫһ˼૵⡭ôܡҵĽ


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ЩѸվǵҲʱȥķ֮һ˵ȻǿǱǰȴή˲٣Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
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Ҫ֪ȻͬǹԪ۷ֵһУеĲǺܴģԵƣ
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ڷϹٷһ֮ܽԼһʮԪһ𣬱ϹټڶǿԵֵֺ
ѹԵʵҲֻоŽУһԪ۷֣ͬʱԸԪڵĸ־ͺܲˣ
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һڴ½۷壬֮ӵһУȴھ׿Ϻ˲䱻˲٣Ϊһ˳еƴű˴ɡ
ⲻڳ˶ʧɫеظһͬʱ׿ҲӼɵ˵׿ǰһûκ˸С
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ûǼɵ׿ǼɵʵǼɵסΪ׵ʵ̫Եˣֱ
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ǲעϵǿֻᳰЦ׳ͽ
ԣϹٷһɱһҲʱ׿Σյ龳
˵һйԤϣȴ΢ƫԤϣֻһƫ룬Ϊ׿Ҳյ


941 ֮
һɽ𻢣ľڶеɽֱӰѵлߣȻ취ȥγûˡĻĻҲᱻǸӶӾͼ򵥶ˡ
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Ϲٷۣ̲ס̾ǲСϵˣﾭγ׷ôԶĵطȥС˰
ǰıϵȻﾭγĶϵˣţ˸룬һλǿҡҡͷϲֵ֮ɫֻǲ֪СӾҪδһλةӳأ
ԣҲǲһͣüͷһǰʲô취أϹټҼ˶֣Ҳû˰
Ҳٵˣ˵а취Ӧдɣ˰֣ϹٷҲǲɵó벻ô칤򣬴ҶСӻͦĵİǺǺǡ
һ죬һλǿһʲôģǿСӵȷвţ˿ϧ˵ûأˣ˭Ҫȥ
ǺǺǡԷģڶ̽ʱ˵ˣֻҪǸӶӳ죬ԻὫϷȻغˣֻȰﾭγǳˣСҪ񽣣в
ǡۣôСӵĻСӿɹĺأԣһλǿЦһ
˿Ϲٷ۲ʱ¶һȻ֮ɫ˵ͷϷţΪϷǰĶӶ䷢ġţûκһ׻ԼŮЦģŵԣ
ӲһҲŷص˵ͷ
Ҫأƻûбʤգ
ˣҲ񽣵ȥңƤ΢΢һϹٷٴοǷ֮ĵ˵ǸӶˣֻϣǸӰᣬǸˡ
ضżţ˳ĬĬص˵Դٲˣ
˵һĻϲ⣬ҲܸܵԼǷݸֿˡ
ˡ
һ棬ϹٷƵĵĽãֲĲҲһ׿ôض΢΢ɫȴǼΪƽãΧûʲôʱЦһ۾ƺȻָʲôˣһƬ֮ɫ
ֻ⸱ȴ쳣İ꣬·һ㡭
ǰ԰˲ۣ̫ǿԶ޷ܵľ龳׿Щ걳̫̫࣬ܵ࣬һֱܽеһУȴңңڣ֪շݣ
Щ꣬ĪѹͰжȹһֱϰƽ飬ħˣ
ж˵þжʹҲףΪħ飬Ϊһຣ
ʱ˿̣ѣҲǸĽɡˡ
΢΢һȻĻȣ׿Ȼÿɷ
ˣ
Ϲٷһڲͣ𶯣׿˫ҲԽԽ䣬ͫŨҵɱ⾡ųһǵصһݺ׿ȥ׿ҲǸ֮Ȼ£ǻԵЦݡ
ۣ
ȻһָҪ֮ʱһ췢Ϲٷһָǵʱͣ˿Уϣһֻɿݵץš
̲ͫס΢΢һϹٷ˳ȥȴһϤӰӳȵ֣ʲô˼
ﾭγˣҲһɻؿ
ûʲôֻڳ콣䲻˶֣΢΢˶Ϲž
һЦϹٷƲÿɷ񣺡ߺߣСӲô˵ʲô취ңڻǳ콣𣿿´ʱ˿̣СӵΣճ̶ȣȻԶԶ콣ļֵ˰ɣСӱ˵أةࣿ
ϹٷƿﾭγﾭγҲ΢΢˵ͷͬˣ콣ʧ٣ڶʧȥһǲвڵĶˡԴӿСڷųǵףܻ
Ϸȫ񲻸ã
˵ͷ΢΢ףſ·׿һոҲˣɣ콣ҲˡǰӦҪԸݣһ࣬Ӧףŵʲô£һŵζ쵽ʲôδԸܿڣ
ؿһۣ׿ЦǺǺǡǺãҶӣ
ܣ
ȻڣﾭγȻȻܾһոҲ˵ˣնݳϷ룬֪ġвǲţ
üͷһ׿ʧЦȻ˵ĻһûʲôԸˡ
ĳСӣȻûˣǾñ˽ɣһϹٷƵһָ̧Ҫ¡
ڴʱ׿ȴǺǰһ˰֣ЦȵȣһһԸո
Ŷʲô˵üͷһ
ؿһۣȻתϹٷ׿ʱ¶һаЦݣϣһʱն֣˽ҵ
ΪΣ
ΪҲ뿴Ϲٷʹ죡ûɱңĽҲһë裬Ľɣ׿һЦ
ϹٷȴƤͳ飬رҪָ̧£ŭ˵㣡
ȵȣ
ȻڴʱﾭγȴǼһֹ̧֣Ȼоâһؿ׿ãǴӦ


942 ɳ
ؿɫ԰׵׿ﾭγоâһȻնԲ˵Ҳɱֻ֤Ҫ˵콣ڣССԸһ㣬ʳԣ
ة࣬⡭üͷ̲סһϹٷƼȴǱﾭγ͵һֹ֣סˣƽԴΪأ콣ĸҪҶ˳콣ͬ˵սȻ覴ãһ㣬кΰ뽣Ϊ˵۹ҵίһЩ˰ɣ
ԣϹٷһ⸱ǱӣŰӲ˵ӻʪһƬŭߺ޵һ˦֣תӣԴӽָóһոµˡ
龰ﾭγصͷȻٿ׿ЦڷƽҲѴӦûʲô˰ɣ
ǺǺǡȷȻˣӾͽǳ콣ڣǰɣֻǡ֪ܲһˡ
һЦ׿һаĻȣŰﾭγǼжר־񣬲Ϸʵǳ콣ھڡϹټҵ
̲סһ𣬰ﾭγɴһ˼ʲôŴʦϷˣǰɣľ̶ȣֱӽǣ
ȻΣ
Цһ׿ǲͣѪգÿɷҡԴҲ֪ϹټǰƵˣǲѽƾʲôҳ
ϹٷƲüͷأȻһɫѸﾭγة࣬⽣ĵϹټǰ쵰鷳˰ǵʵ͸õȻԶ߸߷ɣҪץϼѡŽԳҲѽοôκ󣬸һѿ١ˣûоŽӣǰȥΧҲѡԽԽ鷳˰
˿䣬ﾭγ۾һУҲɫЩأɺݺݶ·׿нǺɵصŴʦͷˣͱϷˣˡոҲ˵ˣǰƣǲ㡣ⷴҲһѵͻ˽£ץйޣ񲻿ˣ˾֮ˣὫⱣǰأߺߣŴʦɱǶɵˣ
ﾭγЦоȣ˵ľϹٷһţȴ͵һ飬˵ơ
ﾭγոеɵָ˭Ϲٷưɣߺߣة࣬¼һУ
ةڴˣҵɵأǺǺǡ
ݸһЦ׿ؿһۣΪҡҡԴȻûҸϹټҵȷΣʱȻҪˣ˫ǣƣ׺ֲụ֮ʱ
üͷ̲סһﾭγƺʲô˵
ǰǹͬĵˣλ֮ʱǺǺǡ
ȻЦЦ׿ϸ˵Ϲټ˽λɽ󣬰нСӾȳ㽫һֱҵЩϹټˡҲֻһʱ̽ףǲŶǰȫģΪǶڸʱ䣬Ϊ˴˾÷ĸ׷ĻϹټҵ񽣵öʧǸҲᱻץȥûôԼ˫ΣʱϣȴòΣҲûйƽǰɺޣ˽˳ة࣬أ
̲סݺ𣬰ﾭγɫ䣬׿ⷬͱ׫õ˵ǡϹٷƼˣҲǸæةˣСӴԣţ
ǰŵٿˣ
ص˵ͷﾭγϲЩ磬૳չŵĺϹټҵ϶һǲܶκġ֮ǻ͵һУҲȫΪ콣Ĺϵڣ콣ʱסǽˣϹټҷڣ׳ˣϹټֲġڣ³ɺףܱ֤Ϲټҵ˲ºҲֻһʱڹͬ˵£ٽɣһɢ˫׵ģ
Ƥᶶ˶ﾭγתٴνض׿ȴʧЦ֪Ƿߺ޻ʧ䣺ŴʦȻգıԹˡʱΣúܺãʵ̫ˡ㱾˼ãҲһʱ׸׵ķˣ
ǺǺǡة˹ˣȻһЦ׿ÿɷذ˰֣ȴ֮ɫ
۵ǳĳﾭγ˿˿ŭźݺһ֣նոոչŴʦԸǸӡ·ɣ
ã
΢һͷ˫ָ£ǿȻ˫ָзضʼ޾𶯣·ضһһ㡣
˫ؿ·׿ԼĽָйž׿ҲǽŵĮݣȴǾȣǸǻһĪĻȡ
ৣ
أǿòϹٷκһ֮µһָݺݵ׿ȥʱ䣬ŰǽѸһ·һ㣬ʱһѸ¡
ţź¡¡һƬľ׿Ϊģȫ˲仯ΪһƬ档ֻգ۹ϣʱ𣬽նȾ˰߻һƣ
̳ɢ֮¿ȥ֮ȴȻûаϢԡеһУΪ촷ۣɳǣѪأ˿ˡ
ɽʧοʬأ
·һƬû˿Եĵطﾭγ³һƺЩįˣһжˣ벻һʦţʬ޴ɳ֮£ϧ̾
ةȻлţڳ̫̾𣿡ƳһۣϹٷƲЦһӣè޺Ӽٴȱ
ЦҡҡͷﾭγÿɷϧϧţΪ֣˲١նƽ߰ɡȥ֪ͨݸأ׷Ϲټһ٣زǰѳ콣ݵؽ磡
Ҳ
ҡҡͷϹٷƲ̾ϷոҲ˵ˣҪŽҲҵٰοЩߣ£׷س콣ĸʣһɣ
̲סһͣﾭγҲǲɵһ̾£ɡ֮һΡ࣬Ŷǡˣ
£ﾭγʱһ̧ţƳǷȥ
ϹٷһɫҲ̲ס΢΢˳˫ȭɵúݺݵ߬
ǰ˴βֻﾭγʧܣûгϹٷһˣѳ콣ŪˣҲϹٷƵʧܡ
һһս˵һսܣϾһֻǸվǹԪ۷ĽɱһˣĽһȻûκεֿ֮ķˣȻԷƵãûɱˡ
⣬νϹٷƽʧܣһܶܣϹٷʤʤ
һ뵽׿ǰȻ԰ȴЦݣϹٷƱ̲ס౩챬ըƵģǷǶϹٷƵĳЦ
·˵ҲϹٷһ㣡
һˣϹٷƵɫ쳣ͷ¶ǵһαһʵ΢ϷŪء
ûа취أΪȻˣǰһ̻ڳЦܣ
뵽ϹٷƵʱ޺һţҲŰﾭγˡֻеؿһ׿Ӷǰĵط¶һصЦݡ


943 
һСӣ
ʱһƬովһǿ֮սϴ񣬱һƬݲٻķ֮ϣȴһ׵Ůӵĺ
һλŮӣɳ죬紵ķУһߺ֮Ǽ뵣ǣڵȻ
ΧʮŰ׷ˣͬĴߺȣСӣСӡ
ϧŰ֮Уȴֻǵĺȣûκλ
ɵã˺˰ʱҲˣҲˣҲٺˡֻŮӣһ㣬ĴŶ˵֣ͣЪɤӶЩɳƣɼţһСӣﰡ
С㣬ٰ׷ˣոĶôҲˣǹȻ˲⣬Ǳ㲻ͽ޹ˣ
ʱһԱߣ̾һȰҲ룬˭أǻǰԣûи³콣ɣ
üͷ̲סһŮӵʱתͷŭĿȴ¶һϤݣϹɣ죬һǲµġǶˣѰǶ˵䣬Ҫˣ
˵ţϹ̵ʱͣ˵ȥˡ
С㣬ȻһƬ棬Ƕ˻ţĿܿɼȻǶܿûλϹӣǻšΨһĿܣȻˣʬ޴棬Сڰ˳䡣ǵ֮ҪҹǷ¡
˲ҡͷһ̾Ȱ˵ǻ˵꣬˵һռ䲨ȴǵʱ֮ɢ˳
ţźһ£ȻһһСӰɵأȻг֣رˤɳ֮ȫ¶Ѫš
һϹ̶ȥȴǵʱһȻϱأֳ˾ϲ֮ɫ˫жˮϲ˱ȥСӣû£ǻţʵ̫ˡ
Թ¡ضСӾȻĴӳ˰ôģǹﰡ
ҲǲһԴ澪죬ŷӦæܵ׿߲쿴Ӹոո£һֻѪǿı۰ʱץӣݺһקһֱ˺ŷӦԭ׿ץסлǷŭ֮ɫ
ɻһ󲻽⣬׿ȴǴڴڴ˼ڴ󣬲һ˿ȳӽǽӦģʬģһȷ˵
˵꣬׿Ҳûһף˹ȥֻУɽͬԲѵĹͨš
⡭
ϲ΢΢ؿ׿һۣȻѪģȴȻͨţŨŨľ֮ɫһӢ˵ã˳ģȻˡңԼӱ൱ð⺢ϣûһ˿ˡ
촽ϹֹסصԴ˫ȴʵ˵ֻǿ׿Ǽõӣϧʹ֮ɫ
ˣϽͽݵ㣬ˣ
ϹѾû취ٷʩ˵һ˶ټһȻŻԲѵĶˣ뿪
ٴγΪһƬ֮أֻǻɳµɺѪˮȴ˵ޡ֤֮أҴ桭
պһ谵ɽڣ첻ѵ׿ǻ˫ȴǲûʲô졣ΪȻ֪ԼӶ˱ضþˡ
ϾϹٷǰõġһսУǸӶûҲضһϢˣʱǾôڻĽҰ⣬ҲԶˡ
ԣϹټҵ˻ƺ󣬾Ǹ
ҲΪʲô׿֪ܹھȳСӺɸϹټҽףȴûаѽǵԭǻҪۺġ
ھˣֻҪһûѽϹټҾ;Ǻǣ
һս˵ĻͽָĽϹټҵ˰ɣûˡ鷢չֵز׿ﶼ׼
һ滣ŰﾭγǵߣһǣϹټߣⶫݵһΪã
ţڱʯϵ׿ǲ΢΢һаĻȣ°Ե⡣ǺǺǡͷ۷Ϲһ壬Ӱѿ֮а
һΣ־ˡ
ȻЦЦ׿ʱһͦһҪȴظеһʹֱļ䣬ȫ¶ʱ˺Ѱʹֱ۵죬˻ĵֻݰ
ݵĻôϹٷƵʶأ
Ȼ𣬲Զһ۵ͯȴǺ𣺡ϵⶼ˼ģڻ˼ңǡͷ֪˼Ҹµʱͺ޲һˣ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ת׿ȥȴǶʱ¶һȻЦݣ૵Сӣ㶼֪ˣ
Ȼˣ
׿ԱߵһʯϣҲǸոĹͨ˵ɫ㲣Ц£в֪ģԴǸϹʲôţҾ֪ǰŸǸͷԵģƽʱû˵κΰšǰݣʲôЭҪʲôģҾ֪˵ͷôٺٺ١ϧƳͷ⣬ﾭγϹٷƶ˶ʲô˼
ȻһЦ׿ҲЦŵ˵ͷȷǰǸϼһģֻҲȷǷҪҡ˴μƻؼҲȷһϼһݵ˫ˣϼһһȻӿȴǽɢܿռôңӰϹٷƵĸʶô˻ᣬÿͫأռУƭ˵ĸʶˡһðﾭγΪپȥ
ǡͷ׼أбۿ˿ͨɻʵ
ЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ񣺡ԭ㣬ΪõֵĻᣬȸϹٷƶУˡȻϼһ̬ȣϰæһᣬĻΪ˱ֻжϢˡǺ鷢ƫұϹٷ˵̫أϢûˡʱҲֻһ·ˡͷ㽲Ҳһѣʲô㲻㣬Ѷ·ˣٺ٣
ϵô鷳һʼֱϢһˣ
ɵСӣϢǲмţͳźòã
η۶׿һһϢϹٷǵȷף֮أһة࣬һɱǵ۹ʲôӦλ׷ɱǾˡ㻹һϢըˣ
СӣʱǸ˵£νԴһҪе֮ĺǰϢǻᱻ׷ɱ뿪ݵؽ硣ǲϹټңиЩԪҵҲ򲻹ǡΧĻ汻Χˡֱк޵Ķǲ򲻵ѣвɶáǻǲܽ޵Уç֮вУ
ԣС΢΢˵ͷˣܿǰһϢȥըڣھʣˣԽ˰ɣϵ㲻ç֮У

һͣ׿һ죬ĵʱҲ嶯ģҵʱ뿴û˼ǺǺǡ


944 
ӶɽУûˣЦѵõֻ֮֡¸ʱ׿ʱԾ㵸ȴֿȫµ˿ڣɵٴ۵죬ȻֲڵµǸӶ˵ľ
̸ôݸʲôȻһûӣ⽣ನҲ԰һƤ˰ϲ޵ģûأ
ֻҪǱȥĻһụ́ಡҪˡ
СӣӾȻ飬ڱ̰Ϸʵд
һЦͨȻݣǿԼϵʮӣҲ̲ס¶ȻЦݡ
СӣƺûУϵ֮£Ҳû취쿴ϵһ취κģģ׿ƺͻȻ뵽ʲôæʵ
Ƥ΢΢һͨȴǵʱ¶һοЦݣΪҡҡԴϵİɣֻЩѾתˣϹټЩ˸ҷ˲˵ҩ
ǾͺãǵĵҩȻϵҵģôܻƣҲǲģǺǺǡЦһ׿ҲǷ
ûзǣͨЦ£һĨĿɬһֱۣ׿ĵطѪڻ͸ǽĵط
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ȻڴʱһһʯŻ򿪣Ϲ̺Ǹڻĵؾ׿Ӷ˵Ϲټ׿˶ˣʱһϲе̫ˣǶˣ
ˣлȣ΢΢ף׿Ц
Ϲ̶Ҳ΢΢һЦȻϹ̱㼱ɴ׿ǰ֮ɫ㡭ȫ˳ҪҪѾ˺ܶ൤ҩȻƵõǡ
ǺǺǡͲصˣҲʦֻҪû£Ƥ˵еǰ취
Цһ׿ÿɷȻйâһһСƿ̧һóһ̵ͨҩ
ʱ䣬ʱ磬ƢǸϹһһеҵĹԹԣƤ˾ʮƷʦϹټҶôã
ǺǺǡҲһЩƤˣСƣƵⵤҩСҲÿȬˣ
Цһ׿ҩˣȻת
Ȼ䣬һɹ׿͵ɢ֮ȻָûʲôˣƤˣǺܼЧġ
ǣֵǣһΣ˵ҩһʹù׿ϵ⣬ָȴɻ
΢ǣһӣ׿Իеʹֱĵף
üͷ΢΢һ£׿׿֡ô£εҲ֣ô׾ƺõģ·˫Ժ콣һΡ
ƺɻǸϹټ˲΢΢һЦÿɷӦննɡ˵նǵĳ콣ͬǴãȻͬСɡһ㱻־ˣָ൱ģһΪʮܶأھȻѾһ㣬Ѿ漣ˣ治ʮһƷʦ˾ǿ죬ǺǺǡ
ʲôնͳ콣شƣָ
üͷһ׿дźɣϸϸ˼ƺʲô˫ԺʱҲǱ콣ˣ˺ܳʱŻָ
ڱնನˣҲǻָնǴ콣ãĪǡ⽣Ȼ񽣾裿
׿ɻ󲻽⣬ʥദվãýޣֻؽҲǿ
Ǿ绹Ϊϳˣǳ˿ɱȡĪǡҲһԽ۵
׿˼ţȴǲԾض˶ұۣȴǵʱһۣüͷ̲סһǰȫʹʲô˵ҩͻʹ⣬͹ұ֮ʹ
龰Ϲ̲һæץסұۣԹ㣬ֱ۸ոհãһֳѪˣôֹ
üͷһ׿ת׿ȥȴһ𣬹棬ұڳѪһֹֻ֮䣬Ⱦʺ졣
С㣬ֱ۵ʮ֣ȥǱϹٷƵĳ콣ˡǳ˼ˣ˵ָҲлָ󡣵֣ʲôҩȫûϵļ󣬸ֹѪҲֻʱġҪôѪֹĻɾҪ˰
ʱǸϹһָ׿۰򣬼
üͷ̲סض˶׿ؿԼұһۣ֮ɫ֪˼ʲôȻæһԼͷȴ֣ԼͷȻҲˣȴδѪҸһովΣǺת˺ܶࡣ
ƺĺɣǸϹһָ׿ͷҲһֵҲ쿴ƣұۺͼͷӦǱϹٷƵһᴩġǺֱ֣һֱǼͷȴطûʲô˵ĻһΪϹٷƵĳ콣Ѿȵնøǿأ
ۣۡ
Ƥݺݶ˶׿ʲôв૳ѹʱҰĳ콣ڻ꾳ʱɱһᴩԭˡ콣룬ʥ콣ר˳룬Գ콣ĳ콣Ҳר֮ġ˵ĻСӡ
һ׿žʹСߣ͵ؽһֱҴŲŵֱȴǸһ㣬һѪֱֹۡ
Ϲ̼ҲǲɾһæͳһǰȥϣСӵѪֱųˣֹѪУ
С㣬α겻α˵ˣǸ֣콣˵ĵطԶƵģ
ҡҡͷϹҲһ̾
Ϲȴںô࣬ɼСӰţ˴˴£ô˵޷ҲҪܱסɡôȥǶû龳Ѫ˾ˣûˣ
СӣոΪʲôң
Ƥݺݲţ׿߬˫ȭҧгݡ׿ǻ龳ƴΪͣͣỹһСӲͬʥΪһ壬һ𣬿ûκٻȥĻˡ
СѪֹ·һ˰
԰׵촽΢΢˲Сӵ⣬ĵϵԤУԴӱǳ콣˺ұԤе˿ǣѾٻȥˡԡҲϵΪҵǡ
ʲô˵Ҹǣҿ
ݺҧҧ׿˼شӽָͳһСƿʱ浹ĵ裬ʮһƷҩ
ȻϹ˾ʱ׿ԼһţȻָСӷһţСӣˣŵҩǵϹѾͷģʱҲǱ콣ˡֻⵤҩã֪ϣǷЧǻеĻϵʹݣ
ݣһͨת
ص˵Դ׿ȻǣϼһǵʵһܰõԣһҪͦȥСӡ


945 ط
ˡ
һâ˸׿͹ͨڷҩ֮󣬶Ĵ˹תҩ鵤Ҳڲ䣬ƽϵ˻ǲѪֱۣչڡ
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946 ڹ¶ıӰ
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ϣʱСдѣһ
СһϷɲΪ㷸յģ
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948 ѩԮ
ãһƬĴϣëѩХ񷣬ǺŰؼ䣬ȾһƬããɫҲһ޼ʵĵؽ磬˺Ļѩų߸ߵĴ󺺣һŲ£Ҳûʡ
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˴˶һۣҲǲɵÿЦһȻεؿλӻҩͰûһ㿴ֵ׿һۣ¶ˡ
λүҲǸǷģ鷳´󰡣
˼ǶӺݺݵضǰˣ˫ȭǸ°죺ūţǰɣǱӿɾͲˣ
䣬ӵʱһ̤͵Ƕ˳ȥǿƣǵصѹ¡
̲ͫסһǶ˲´󾪣ӣǣ
ӽͱˣ־ңȻҾӵܣƤ̲סֱӵɱ⡣
²һݣǶҲЩΪѣܿһһȭݺǶȥӣˣ˻ӵܣ̻Ī鷳ġΪ̻룬Ҳֻõˣ

ģһȫǿһȭ̴ݺǶȥΪĻĻڻʱܻΪӲޱȣ
龰׿ͷƷһ¶˺ԼϷˡ
Ľ겻񲻿ɵϧǸ
ۣ
ǿŶ˵һȭݺݴ˶ӵĸڣ˵ʱʧɫӵӣô㡭
ǣӭǵȴһЦ
ǶӾеâȴǲÿɷ꣬Ϊ˵𣿺ߺߡǵĽûĥ˵ҺëĵزԺҪˣ
⡭ǡֹסش󾪣˵䣬Ҫϳȴǵһ£·ڰ㣬ζ鲻ˡ
ЦҡҡͷĳҺٸڻ꾳ĸֽҲѹǲ֪ӵȻԪ꣬ǧ꺮ǣһڻ꣬廯Ϊǣ̬ΪޣǵĽԪ㹻۵ĻȷܹҡϧʵԶԶҵĶ֣ǺǡʱұȻ˴ˣ龳ʱƣڻ꾳Ȼ֮Իܣֻǰ϶ѣԺúɣĥһֲ첻ģ
˵ţһ̵췢ֱ۱Ѹ˵ı˪Ȼһ·ϣǶ˾ֵУӶȫҲƶֺ
Ǹӣ˲Ʒ˺󣬻˲ǶǱ˪ȭͷŴ˳Ȼĸǰһ󺮹ӿٴλָ糣·ûһ㡣
ǰһȭҲ̵֪ѵ̵ˣ
Ȼǣһ㣬Ҳûеڻ꾳˻᲻ˣ׿ȴ˭νڻ꣬һɲֻǼ򵥵ǿʵԡ
ڻ龳ڻ꾳ʹ˰©޷ĳȻ״̬
࣬һ޻ꡢ֮꣬ײꣻڶԪ꣬ȻԪᣬ̬еȣ꣬һаУҶᣬߵ̬
ԣ龳ʱΪ겻ͬΪͬʵҲྶͥһ㣬ڻ꾳û˿ٴμǿ
ӵ޻ڻ꾳ڻ꣬ʾ൱޻ΪҰޣӵ껯Ϊ֮ƻ󣬼ڻ龳֮Уһ˲Ƴ˶֡
Ȼⲻ׿Ǳ̬˫ǿڻ꾳ܲ⣡
ǣڻ꾳Ȼ͵ȵĴڣΪԪһڻ꣬ΪԪ̬֮ӰԪ۳̶޷ֵĻ޷ʵ壬ȻҲ˲Է
϶һȫһȼĴڣ˵ǿΪ࣬ΪĹϵȴȻر
ڻĻǾ͸ǽ廯Ϊһصռ䣬޾ˣǸӱ̬Ĵڣ
ǽԪ㹻絤Щһ˺ѵصĳ̶ȣ˵ԪأããռҲ˺ƣνˣ
겻ͬƲȣǾԣǿߣʵ¹ģ
ǣ֮ͨ䣬Ĳ죬ʵĲ࡭
ûٿȻĻһۣǶӻƹӣֱ׿ǰŭɫ
ɱ𣿡
һаĻȣ׿ƺһ㣬ָָˣЦոһǸӶˣոʢ˵ӣѵԼҵĹūţô𣿡
Ƥ΢΢һӽض׿ţ¸ŭո뱾Ӷ֣Ϊ˾ѵôǵɱǣ
ʲôɱģ
аһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡⣬ǵĿˣǱȻ顣ңôҲΪ̻鷳˵ǲΪҶְɣΪӲŶ֣𣿵ǼȻԼĹȻҧˣʲôԭĹ𣿺ǺǺǡ
̲סǶҧгݣŭһһȭݺ׿£죡
΢΢һЦ׿ûжǣ֨һӿһȭȴǵʱֹǰ
ôǺˣǻҳԱüͷһ׿Ц֤㻹ç֪֣ҿͷ
ޣ
Ȼ˵꣬ǴŰСӣ˭ӽ㲻ɣֻǡȰ㱳ĺӷ£Ӳ˼޹
ؿһۣ׿ٿ˿Сӣ¶ݸЦݣԭˣ
ţ׿΢΢ףһ˲ǰһ㶣ô£һ̡

һըѣȻǶҲǶپһʹһͣʱ̲ס³һѪȻ󲻿˼ؿ£һֻȭâݺݵصСϣ
ôܡҿԪڻ꣬ôõңڻֶ
Ѫһһεص£˼飬ȻһǰһΣأùӶֹסشŲ
Ԫڻ꣬޵еģûʲôˣСˣҲһߣ΢΢Ļȣ׿ûпһۣһתףȥһЦȴǵʱӣȤһסģҲԺеǺᣬǺǺǡ
ȵȡ㡭ʲôˡ
ؿ׿ıӰģǶҪȴȻʹʲôҲвȻǰһڣԵȥ
뾢ʥ֮ڻ̬֮֮꣬ܡ׿Ȼûдﵽڻ꾳۵Ȼڻ֮ܡԪڻ꣬ڻ꣬κΡ


953 ̲
ͥԺǰϸ΢ӣ׿ûĻһڵĶӣֱеĴǰ
һ룬ʱ̻ԻͣĿ֮ʯۼеļʯҲɽ񣬱̶̣ΪϡУҳԻã󵽲Ŀɡ
ʱ䣬һŨŨĸ֮ӭ׿
ͻȻôһİˣ䲻ۣǾȻŽˣ֤ȷнʸһЩ߿ǰûʲôһǫõǺǺǡλ֪˴ǰΪ£
̸
ؿһֻۣҲǸڻ֣׿ֻվǰȴ˿ûмӣ׿ԺеľӪӰͷǵ
΢΢һЦû˵ʲôֻ΢һ׵ôжÿһλͻ˽ϸıܣ̸ʲô뵽ȻרŵĽӴԱǢ̸ȻˣϷĽӴԱˣһʲôǷǢ̸ɹҲֻϷϷֱӸϲ֪Ҿйеһɷģ
΢΢˵ͷ׿һ̾⺣еĹصȷܣڲϵϷҵй©ȷյö࣬ѹѹܺڰͨԣݹˡô˳ẉ̂κ˵̽ˣ
˵һҲõκһرգȴǡǡǴǻۣܵõĹա
Ͼ˭ûеù£Ҫأм֣ݼˮ࣡
һ侫µķڣ׿һŻǷϸ̵ĳϣ˶ȣ̸
ҲżһжУһţȻӡᶯ˵һ죬һεķ磬촫Ҳ
ˣ߲ŵЦһٴת׿΢΢˸ǫǿ̸ˣ
ţйȻ鴫һԹ˿Ϊأϣ
ˣӦģǺǺǣ
ֻǲ֪еʵȷӲʵǷҲƢܽأȻ׿еز֮ȴüͷһһתּ
΢΢һ߲ÿɷ񣬵ЦλеʵݶĿõġʲô⣬ģģҵǶͨͨɡǶĻô¼䣬ܹٽˣǺǺǡ
߻ǫ֮ȴ˵ĽţҲֳ⺣еǿ
ǺǺǡԸˣ
΢΢һ̣׿Ҳ׸ȥֻɫһ䣬µҪݴһãҲ׳Ƶ̵֪ԸԸ
ʲô
һ߶ʱɫһ䣬ٲǰôͥŲˣһҪǵ̵ã⡭
ô費𣿡
⵹ǣֻǡ
˰֣ɫЩѣ̵ֻɲֻУóʾСǣҲ⣬ҸϷϲ̸ˡԵƬ̣Ϸȥȥ
˵ţнӡʱ糷ȥȻȥ
΢΢˵ͷ׿Ҳ̵֪ñȽϣôð죬ĥĴ㣬ôš
ܿ죬һO@Ĳ𣬵֨ѽһ򿪣ٴλֻһΣȴǸһˣȥʮ꣬Ϊϣڻ꾳ʵ׿жϣӦҲн˰ɡ
ٴнӡ粼£ּ߲׿ǰһָˣλеĴӣȻҲϲ㸺ˣ⣬ǸǴ̸ɣ
ã˵Ҫǵ̵
΢΢һȻȻм̳ˣǸǶӲһȴʮʶǴһЦݣ纣Ҫÿ֪׿ж⣬ǶôһվߣȴǫûаԹɫƵġ
ؿһۣ׿۾΢΢һУ°Ǵô侫ǿɣ̻ұۣһǰ̻Ҫ󣬵ȷˡ
ֻ׿ȴЩϲΪܸо˵ʲô
û̫׷׿ֻǳ΢΢˵ͷǵģҴ˴ǰҪ̸ġ
ŶǺǺǡ
ЦһȻûж˵ʲôֱֱ⣺Ҳ㲻̵֪ȻǺн裬ȴ۽ܿءҪ˫һ׼Сÿεҵ;ǰһ걨öٴΣʲôиƣܱǸıѾˡ˽Խдͣ»ǵõ۹¼ɣ˰ɣﲻģ
ضʽЦݣ׿Цһôѵÿʱӵ⣬豨
ǰҲеһ⣬û취ٴ󣬵в۹֮뺣
ôǲǵõоͿԽ̵һˣ
ǵȻֻҪ׼㹻ֵһδĻ˵ʲôΥƷˣжҸͣϢܲ͸磬е
һǺǺǡ
΢΢֣׿оâһЦȻϣ¸Ǻ޵ҧгݣ
۽֮ǰ̽ﾰ񲻹һ竷£ÿд磬̵ѡǵôܱһ竳⣿
¾µĴ򽻵Ͱ竸ιˡν̹ᣬˣ
ԳﾰΪڣ۶ѣ̧թԼа취ӰﾰǶõɣлᰵдʹѾĽѣºƽ档
Ĺ׿ˡǲ̽˿͵ĵϸÿһ⣬ȴἫѹեʹ󻯣ν̲飬治
ԽģԽթûʣҲˡ
ӹȻ鴫ǿɰ
׿˵ŷоâһڰ㡣ȻȴɴƵ΢Ц֪ûУǵͷллޣ
ô̸̸ɣҵ㹻Ļ֪ǱߣǷԳأ
ǺǺǡҪ˵Ļڶˣ΢΢һ̣ȻȻЦݡ
ʧЦһ׿ͷȻӿ̸ⰡǺǺǡ
ȡЦˣйذˣǲޱҲôһǣ
һЦȻÿɷȻ˫ͫһ׿ֻǲ֪Ҫ̸ʲô
оӪǧ꣬Ҳ벻Ĵٺٺ١һ̣׿ʱ¶һаȵЦݡ


954 һ
ǰһȻʱһ֪󣬿ɷ֪һ
ǺǺǡոտӾôͷͿأ̸㣬ô̸ӴԣǷһ٣
Цһ׿ÿɷ񣬾Ц
ȻԣҲǲȻһЦͷȷˣԼǣȻͻˣ
ôʽ̸֮ǰȸǿһЩ˵ţ׿йâһٴóһʥ龧һСƿȥ
һ㶣Ȼ˳ֽӹ龧ǸСƿһţɵʥʯʮһƷ鵤Ĵ˵ʮһƷ鵤ʥʯϡлϲȴϡȱ̻ÿͨĻҲвٴǴĻ¡
ӣֺͿˣҸոѾ˵ˣʽ̸ǰǿĶɲǴ˴ε
΢΢һ̣׿ٴȡЦ
˫ѵõһ죬ȻôǵһαһôǺ©֮ʽЦҲ΢΢գָֻܿЦôǡ
ݣ
ʧЦҡҡͷ׿΢̧Ƥĳ˵в̽˿͵ϸΪ롣Ϊ˫ܸĺ±ݰɣһʮһƷʦⵤҩƵģʥʯҲԵҩȡġǻ߲ʸ̸

΢΢һͣȻ߱˴˶һۣȴʧЦҡҡԴȻٴιֻݵĻǴɲˡһдţйͣΣǶֿԴ
ô˵
ǲһ̣׿Ц֮԰̤˵ɹͣΪŵľǼ˵ĴڣͨǽģȻǹͣǵȻ𡭡ǣֲͨǽ룬һҪ̸ȻҪǿ˫ˣ
ʲô㲻ͨǡһȻʱסˣؿ׿Ī֮ɫ
ûͨôģڻְ
ƺɻ׿ҲΪ⣬ĳҴģ̵ˡ
̲ͫסһȻʱһ˼ؿ׿ǿɶڻ꾳ôܡ
УҶ·˳Ҳ̵ˣھſأǣ𾪹׿׳һذը
ûϵҲӴˣôŰɣ
ؿȻЩӲݣ׿ûټ˵ȥķӦãȴǳ³һٴƽ׿һǸ񣬲Ż˶񱨣ºһúõ飬һܣƢ³ç¡֪еǸ⣬̸𣿡
֪һˡԣ
ؿȻǹžƺûκα仯׿۾һУʧЦҡҡͷ
˵Ϊ̻ᷢչԺΪĹأǹȴǽƶȫˡ
ոԼ˵򵹣λӲ׷пԭϾ׷߶һͨ㣬ū
һͻ棬ūܵίʲô
ǣԼ׵ܵѣлûκηӦ̫ˡ
Ȼ׿еı䣬ɲ˵飬ΪҲԵһ֣ٲϲܵܣ£Ҳвйע
зḻģԵܹܵذϵܱ۸һŭڣġиֲָĸҲڲزסġ
ʹ޵ܵܣΪжԼҲĲ£Ҳ˸߲ҲŶԣԣжƣ
׿Ȼȴһ㣬ֻ⣬޾棬һ֪ҪֻǱܵ׷ѣĳ˻ˡ
⡭Ǻ̻ģǿô
Ǻǣˣ̻ᣬҲҪ̫ѿơ
кâһţ׿ؿȻһۣЦһ濴ÿһһ֪ôԹأϾҳʱ֪ǶӰ
ܵܵ˽⣬һµģ˹ͣ΢΢һЦȻÿɷȴǼʵǿ̸Ǹ
˵ͷ׿йâһ˲һƺ«ȥȿ
«ӹ򿪸ţȻȴʱһ
ʲô
ߵǸߣʱ˿Ҳ̲סһеǱݵĶڵҲ൱ϡŪ֣ǱȨߣҲࡣ˵ⶫֻб֮У൱գǾŽʵȥˣҲԵ֮൱װѵҪǽж٣ͨͨҪˣǮ⣡
һǹͻͻȴ׿ʱסˣôֵز
ѹСѾͷھ͸ҳҪһǧʥʯԲ鰡
ⶫ𣿡
Ȼˣ˵ʲôƣ֮Ҳ˲˵겻ֱܽݣ޵УݹͬԮĶࡣƾ콣˵ǿ˲ȬӲǰϳȥġôдȻ֪һߵе
΢΢׿̧ƳƳǣͷҲǸŪ֣ȷ̫Ϥôôһ㣬ǳ۶٣
ǧʥʯûȻ󿪿ڣǵʱг
üͷһ׿´󾪣ôһǧԼǧСϵҩֵ̫ˣ
ǣһֱԣȻΪԥɫһ࣬Ӽ۵ǧҲԣ
ǧ򣿡
ͫһ׿˲产һȻ׷ıԣȻ۾գգͷųǧԣ˵ôһ㣬ֹǧأ
ҵĹԹԣʲôôʥʯǰʯͷˣ
ɲԲȻΪԲۣɳ̾һε֪ǧȷ٣ⱱһ㣬Ҳ޼֮ݹ֮ܵʽֻǧ˰
ãӵռˣ
˼Ҿ۶ӣ۶˼һǧ򣬻ΪȻ飬˾֮ˡû뵽֪ܣǿ˼ҵıⲻ
ӴӲǷˣǷ̫ˣ´ٻɣ
Ƥ̲ס˳飬׿һѶǺ«ÿɷ˭ν֮ˣҾһʶѣ
˵ţ׿Ǻ«ٴ˽ָС
һȴǶ˶ʱɵˣ˫Ŀǽָ˫Ŀͨ죬۵иǴϡ
磬ˣأ˵ҪģڷųôһǳҪôµͷֲأ
ⲻ۸ô񫶼ˣȻ˵Ͳ
Ѳɣ㻹бⱱܰɡ
ǣʵȴǣ׿Ĵȷںͷһ󵽣̻ᶼ̲


955 ħ龧
Ǳ𼤶ҪĽף
ŶǳļֱֱԼ·ԼǸһ˿ҵŮԴƵģ׿һйâһʱһڵľʯȥ
üͷһȻʯͷϸãȴɻʲôûҲ֪ܸʲôáпɴЩ֪;Ķҿ㻹ǰǱóٺú̸̸˵ʽ𲻹Ҳܿ첹ġˣ۴ǷҲаеǿǸܸܵģǧֺˡ
Ƥ̲ס΢΢һ飬׿ҡҡͷ°Ц
λӵȷǱȵĺܰ˲ŹӣСˣݺ̸мɶҪˣƼ˰
׿ɲⶫףҪûȥϸоءҲǻСӵһ;Ҳ˵
ӣνשҵһóʮһƷ鵤ڶóЩҪ㽻׵ĶѵΪҵóǰ𣿡
Դ΢΢׿Ц˵Ҫ̸Ȼñֶĳ
ʲôôĿ䱦Ȼĳ
һȻ˵ʱȻһؿеĺɫʯͷǺ֮ɫ
԰һÿһǷͬ죬һһ󡣵һʮһƷ鵤ڶǱʯͷǵĪǡɫʯͷȱ׾û
ɵãȻʯͷǰϸ쿴쿴ƴز쿴۾͹ˣɻûһĸо
ʲô
üͷţȻȫԻ֮ɫջһãؿ׿Ľ
תԪƽʱһ£
ǻ컡ȣ׿ÿɷذڰ֣Ц
üͷһȻؿɫʯͷһۣȻתʼȡ
ʱ䣬˾鷢ˡֻǸոתѣʯͷϵɽȻӿȥ
ңͨʯʥʯͬʯͷȻֱӾԪ˲ԪںϣȻӿӿˢĽȫֹסǡ
ֻգ۹һɫʯͷ˲䲻ԪȴǱýۣȻҪͻƵĸоˡ
һȻ˲ɵˡ
Ҫ֪ʯʥʯҪŨȻԪһҪܳʱ䡣̶Ȳͬʱ죬ꡣ
ɫʯͷȴȫֱͬӾͿԵԪڡ˽սʱʯͷǽԪ޿ݽ֮գռˡ
ʱֱӽԪ壬Ҳƽöö࣬룬ոɫʯͷһ˲Ĺȴеʥʯ˴һ
룬ڵԪӯ̶һġϾʥʯʯУܶɢԼԪĲһСֶѡ
ɫʯͷһȫٷְٵԪԼڣֻҪԼܳܣҪж١
ĻؼʱͻҲĶˡϾͻʱͿһӯƣֹ
ֻʱ䣬ȻȻ뵽ɫʯͷ£ɫʯͷĻٶȣȻһʵķԾ
λ˿λӣȴЩ⣬ʵӣôˣðɣ
Ȼõٺˣ
ھ⣬Ȼ󵱼׿ñǰȵĿ⣬ʲôﻹж٣
ǻһмĻȣ׿һ̣аؿһۣĵ˾ĿȪ֮µħ龧ݣҲֻһӵУôǺǺǣҪ٣ж٣ôãɣ
ȻȻǳˣȷ̫ˣ
ƤֹסһȻ˷ܹâǱֻưˣħ龧ȴһߵĸľʯ䵽˭ܼٶȣ˵ףʵԼıϡ˵ʯȱˡֻǡϣһֱȥ
⣬׿ؿһۣЦôҪ¢ⶫˣ
ǡֻ֪ݸٹ̣ԸΪǰ䣬档ǺԿģ
ôҪ̵
û⣡

Ҳû⣡
ݺһ֣ȻʲôΪ׿аˣһᶨֻҪһֱǺ͡е飬û⣬лΪ֮ţ
ʧЦһ׿˵ͷǺãȸˣȴӺϢɣ
˵ţ׿Ҫ뿪ˡ
ȵȣ
ǣ߳ȻȴǵʱһȻЦصֻĻжأܲȰǰڻṩһ£Ҳ˵Ҹ׻г
ôһǣ
ǺǺǡôأֻǡ
ʮʯħʯеطĻҶѡôʹأ׿
ݺݵ˵ͷȻҲһڴӦȻôˣǱ̿¡εأжѡҪ֪ݣֻŶѣǵţ
ţ
ԣݵƹ߲ʸУսʱرʣҲͣһЦȻĳ
ؿһۣ׿ҲȻص˵ͷԭǻսưҲ⣬ҲһǺָ̧ӣʮʯħ㣬ϣܾõļ
õģĺˣ

ָֻһԣռתƣɫʯͷ˲䴫ȻָУ׿Žɫ𿨣Ҳյ˽ָţ㱳Źͨ뿪
Ȼһ·ֱͣͳ⣬ͣ龰ȴǲһ㶣Ȼؿ׿Ǿ֮ɫ
Ǻηʥͷ̸ҲͰˣӻһ·ͳ⣿Ҫ֪ƽʱĿˣҲ͵ǰͣ˵ģɽ졭
ӣӱ˴Ժǰ
ʱһҴӰȻǰǰ̻Ụģˣӷ쿴ơ
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񲻾һ䣬Ȼ󵱼ȳܣˣһԺΪ󣬲нչģҪȻûдʹΪô쵽ڻ꾳𣿶ûʵǰߣ⣡
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ڶߣ£ȴǿߡǰˣôߵߣԼúɣ
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䣬Ӷ˱ûٿȻһۣԳȥˣЩĿŶȥӰһݣ

ȻֱһȻ̲סһڻת׿ȥȴв֪ʱȻһ˶Ķڣõ⣬͵ر˽ԭȻλ֮ʱȴȻտҲ
ˣˣϿ׷̲ͫסһ˱˴˶һۣȴ´󾪣һ̤㼱׷ȥ˳Ƕڣ˲񷡣
ȴ벻֪ǷԺ·ĲݴԼ䣬ȻԴı˳ԶȥӰ˫ȭ߬ҧгݵߣ̸⣬ƫƫã
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Ǹ˭ҳҪ㵥
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СһûˣܺãܺãǺǺǡ


957 
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ؿ׿Ȼ޺޳ǶˣӿҪóȫˣٲǰǰ㣬лɳˣ
üͷ΢΢һ׿ؿһۣʱЦԭˣ˼޹˵İĻ湻ĵġԼ˲ϣűˣҪ֪°ܽεĴӮң
죬ܲӮǺеǽˣɣŭһȻһ̤͵׿ȥͬʱнӡϢʱɢ˳
׸߼似
׿ͨɫӣȻһʹ˿ұ죬ȫԸ
ʱ䣬һŭХ죬ȻӾ˲仯Ϊ˵⣬ȻȻһɢŵ԰׵Ӱݺ׿ײȥ
۾΢΢һУ׿Ȼͬһ似ͬˣͬʹҲвͬ
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˿ԿԪĸֵĻһϣûѶֻԼͻʱվԳ
ܿϧ׿Ĵڣ
΢΢һаĻȣ׿̤Ǿ֮ǰǾԷ룬ն
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һ죬ǰ֮أھĳرըѸɢʱѿջΧһȫӭһһȫѡ
Ǿȴδһ֮󣬱ʧ٣׿е׿ݺ׷ȥݣ
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ؿ·һۣ׿һ̣¶һа컡ȣȻ֮ͫУɫĹ⻷ԣ
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ǣȻȴɺݺݶ׿Ⱥâȴ١ΪҪ׿һëԡ
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ţȻٴŭһʱŵͬʱ쳤ƴʢǺϢƬնýӲɢɷ֮ɫ
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һУ׿ҡҡͷʧЦβȫҪǲСٴſ£ǲưոˡָ·ģһҪ֣ʵڲ˼ٺٺ١
׿ô˵ţȻߣ첲ӣһ˷ܵӣȫаЦ֮ɫԾԾ԰
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ǵĸ׼ˣҲ̲סüͷһǰūôģû𣬾ȻңǻѵһĴ⣬Ϸôʰǣߣ
ȫûԼֶԼȻȻ뵽ˣˣأ˿⣬ǿƼͷš

һǾȻﵽʷ߷壬أƻֺꡣţβһ˦׿ݺݳȥգۼǱǰﲻֹ
һΣղҳײ˷ͬһһȫ׿Χ棬Ȼݺײȥ
һΣ׿Ҳˣֻұ֮ϣǵĺâͣزţ񱩵ƣ
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ֻһƺǿӣҧгݣҪײȥջ̲סӵ𶯣βһ˦ʱ˻ȥ
ǺǺǡⲻҵ𣿡
Цһ׿оâһʱһ̤ŲǼٳıȥֻգ֮䣬ǰһȭݺ£Ԫֻһڻ󻯵ãԲֿܵոտռ𶯡ӣǰ˿ûа

һصش쳹գһ˻ʱһѪˤ䵽أ¡һҳһֱϰ׵ľ޿ӡ
̳ɢ׿ǰģһɫҰ׵ѣǻһ˿δˣȴǶӣȻɡ
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ߣӮ˵̫磬˱ӣǲưڸݵģɣݺҧҧȻǲʣȻŭһת׾ߡ
ǣ߼׿ϸȴǵʱ𣺡ô룬иʴ𣿡
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Ŷôҿֶ⣬·ȶİŶӦֻ⣬û㣡оâһ׿ԣЦ
Ƥ̲סݺݶ˶ȻҧƱҴǴ磬ǵУҵ
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죡
ݺ߬߬ȭȻشָ׿ıӵʲôҲڮУ㣬еˣҹϹ
ؿ׿ʧЦҾ˵ôƻ˫׵ģôβ¶˰ɣ

촽һȻ粻׿˵һ仰
˾ʲôˣΪϵȻһ˲俴ҵ˼ء


958 ǧ
ǲĺⵥ⣿
Ȼһֱվԭأ׿ضȴ¶һЦݣĵ˵ԭɳֵĻҿԷⵥ⣬Ը
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㲻ùˣҾôԵˣǺǺǡ
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ȻһЦ׿岻ֵ㣬ܲУʵ̫㣬ָı䲻ҵ˼ʱ˿̣ⵥɹ񣬾;ҺУ˶ı䲻ˡӰʹĻôˣõңԣԸģֻˣҲһɶѣѵһ㣬Ӷ˵ֻһʱߣǵǸСʲôѹˣ
촽΢΢˶Ȼض׿ţãȴ̾ȻãԭǰɣҸ㡣Һ̻ᣬҲˣ԰ɣ
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Цһ׿ֱҵһ޴ʯ£ǷŭӣĳֻҪǳЩ֮ڵĻһ⣬ϾϰԹԣ⡣Ϊ̳ߣľ֣ȻΪжƫƫҪ˼ҵ˭Ҳûôֻ˵ǸܼˣҪܵڻҵ˵㲻ڼеλҲԣԲѣ˵ᣬһˣһɢҵòҲõǰҲȷ
أȻأ㾻Ҳν̰ͼ̻λ
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޺޵ҧҧȻƺһŭŭǺһԿ˹мӣĺҲǰĽΪҾ͸úƣܳ¡ǺҲŷĺƣһһЩ߲㣬򲻻֣ҲˣŪˣҪάǵϵ̫ˡ
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ƤһȻݺݵ˵ͷҧǰһ𳤴ֵܣΪԼӱﾰǿˣ˫˫ʱҪȥĳҴܣϵʮŷҳµǸʱҲ֪̻ǶôС
ǰ̻ǳЦﾰܣ۽ǵʵȨǴΡҲ֪ӦñЦԼһ֮һͨݵĴ̻ỤҿһҪһĳˣǻ𣿱ʵ̻ᣬԭ
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෴ǵʱܰСԽﾭγǰٳһة๦һԼģ΢һ´ڸСλة⵱ذͼĵġ̫ˣһ޹ؽҪģǺǺǡ
²һݣȻؿ׿һۣϽ֮ɫ
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׿һֱӣȻɵʱһ㶣ѯʳ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷһаĿĵӣ֪̻ԭˣν֮֮УֻǺ̻˵ϣԼ˶ˡûҲˣˣ͸裬ǲǣ
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ոһֱں̻ܣµͷ㲻𣿡
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аЦЦ׿¶һЦݿֻǽʱǧڰӡ
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üͷһȻؿݣȴЩȴ˵
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959 Ƴ
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ⷽһƬҷľϵ˵ŭǰžһһƺϣʱһմúŭȳӣ㾿ҪΪͱ¦ӲŸİ
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׿ȴֻһζЦݣ㲻ٿˡ
ֱǸ޷ˡˡһ֮󣬾ͲٿǲĶһۣ߸æ׿ǰ
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΢΢һ̣ȻҲǾֱǰ׿ʽܣͬʱǸոܵȷ̫ˣҶ˴ǰӣڴ½УǸл
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⸸Ӷһ䣬һԣάǸΪ֮£Ҫס׿ͻŭͷˡ
ȫǵ˼׿ҲЦЦ˳⣬˵ͷȫûаŭ֮ɫ
龰ǸӶ˲շһ

ֿ˼䣬⽭΢΢һ£ԣֱ˵ǲô̽ϸģǧŲĹأίа֮£ҲӦȫȨиסǡ
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ڣ̻ԻԲ˵ؼĿ컨ϵģЩζ磬ƺһܳԵذ˰˴˽棬ѭ󶼻۵ǰһ˶ӾУ㣬˱Ƕ
ǾƳ֮УһͷȫһΧ⣬ʲôҲûеˣ֮У׻ĶƤ峺ľˮԵЩۡ
λŮɵߣӵұʱһڣôҡ
۽ǵķﾰˣ
ţȷϵģѹּ궼վͣ͡Ҫ֪ǻ壬ڱӣֵҩʯϰһڱ˵յˡ
һֻվпԭӾȻҲΪֻ˵Ƿˡ
¸Щ鵤ҩҲȫڱἡ˰ɣߺߣʵ͵ĶƤ֪˶֬ˣ
Щ飬׿⣬ֻһ㣬ʲôʱ̵
Ǵ˵еľƳ˰ɣ˺ûܰǺǺǡܿ˿׿Ц΢΢ף
ǰһǰӲʱһĴָ޵Ȼһ۾ͿǷƳ֮֮أʵ˲ͬ˰
ͬƨӾ⣬޵ôԣϹӶÿóɡң˭ʱģǻô
Ƥ̲סһ飬׿һѾĲֻǷһ޳ܰ޳ܣ֪
ﾭγȻôһھ۽ǣҲʵǸзȨˡ
ǲ֪ÿпطĲôǶ֧֧𲻳ֻ㣬һ۾ͿˣȻ֪
һﾰΧһײԴǾƳ˳Ůæͬڲ࣬һԵùϣ˿ûй˼ɡǰ׻һƬεΣ⽭ⴹߣҲԾŤԴϵƤԳһ˿
ؿǰһۣ׿¸
磬˼Ҳ˵Ǹأͱô֪ˡ˵޳ܵ˶ˣô֪޳ܵģӻǵһμҲ㿪۽ˣ
ֻ׿Ȼʵ˵ˣֻǺٺһЦ˵ͷʾԼͬ˰¸ĺͶԵν֪٣¸˽һҲһԵ֣
ϣ˵ϲôû˶˵ӵĻأ
ǰһﾰʱһϲȻһָԱߵһŽΣ֣س
˴˶һۣ⽭θӶ˱˴˽˸ȴҡҡͷ°ﾰǷﰡ˼Ҽ乧ά˰


960 ̹
׿ҸӽﾰҲ¹Űײ𵶵λϣ˿Լ⸱ͣЦ
Ů࣬ź
Ȼ֪ӦòⱾ̸ɡҲû취Ҳģ۽һˣ˵һԣ
ˣǧģҾϲ飡
˰֣׿ûһ㲻ã͵۽Ǹĵ̣ôô˭ܹܵˣ˭ԸɺӸţ߿ߵĻǾҪ˶֪﾿˭˵㣬˭ĸ
ǰһﾰؿ׿һۣĹâȻվ𣬼׿Ĵ֣ݺҡҡһֵ֪ܰôûأ˶˵Ӧõһ㣬ӣҲֻ㣬ױİһʶ
Ҳһٺٺ١
΢΢һ飬׿˳ְֻƴӶԷ³鿪ȴһ˷֮ɫⲻðﾰĻţϲѡ
ʲôѰǧٶȣȻףȴڵƻɺⲻ
ǧ֪ѵһ֪Ѱϲ
ֻ⽭θӶˣͬʱиһͷ񱼡ԵӣòײŰסˣСӼ仰ֳҰסˡ
ﾰ񰡣û֪֮˼Ƕά㣬Ϊ˼ҺܿҪ뿪򽻵ˣۻҪѾദ
ԲںۿںѾҪģԼ˰Ǹɣܲ˵ģ
ȿȿȡ
ɿһӵļ⽭οˣЦһˣλҪ̸̸̵֮£֪ɷͨһ¡
ޣ
·˰㣬ﾰɫ΢΢˱䣬Ƿ˫ֳ˻Ȼλüͷȴ𣬰˼ӣѰ찡᳤ӦҲ̵֪ȻΪ̱ͨ׼һݵĴͨϾֱ۶أѿϸ񣬲õġÿδҪϸѹأҪһ顣Ϊ۽ȻȨգǸģȴΰҲ㣬ͨҪǳʲô£˭𣿡
üͷ⽭Ҳصص˵ͷǰҲ֪˵Ϊֻ֮λ̻ĴͻǸӣͨһ°ɡ
ͨڣôͨڣ
üͷһﾰɺߺ߳λʲô֪Ҫʹ̵ʲô֪٣ʲô֪ôͨڣÿ̵ʹãñɣ
üͷһ⽭θӶ˱˴˶һۣٿ׿Ҳ̲סصԴ¶һΪ֮ɫ
ؿһۣ׿Ϲžȴǲһ
ӿôϽ𣬸̻ദôˣһССӶôܣ
ֻͷߣƽʱûͨ
ңͷոյӣΪ˵ʵӸô
Īǣ˫ǹ̹ᣬˣ
۾΢΢һУ׿˼ƽϣˣһʣΪͶԵձ磬һС¡û뵽Ϊһ֮Ҳ˾Ȩô󣬲¶ͻˡ»ƷһЩתս۶ȥͨһ˰ɡ
˵ţ׿վ׼뿪ֻǰǲСһ䣺ԼڶûȨʲôǵۣ
˭˵ģ
Ƥ̲סһ飬Ǵӵʱһŭվ˵һʲô첻ɣ˵Ҫʲôұ֤Ը
ģ
ģͷﾰһƶ
ǻһаЦݣ׿˵Ҫ̵
û⣬⣬ϰȥãʮһ֣ﾰ񵱼׼
ȿȿȡ
̲סٴκݺݿ⽭ձһͨ죬ƴظɫȴŭڣʲôˣϼһʲôȣؼҳҩɡ̵֮ÿηҪﱸ죬ȥðɣǳ˵㣡
ǳˣ¶лˣ
ݺһȭ׿ϲԽȻҪ뿪ǻߵǰٴδһȵȣ
ôˣˣ
ո˵лңôл΢΢ӣﾰոܵ裬ƼˣʲôҪûᣬֱӰˣɺܿԼûúôأǱʮ޳ܵؿʼߣﶼˣôҪ
ǻһȻЦݣ׿ָҲղָȻһһ¡
ţ׿üˣʶɣö
ʮʯħ󣿡
üͷһƣﾰʱ¶һȻЦݣ˵ͷȻҵ֪ԺҪ۽߶ѣ
İɣˣһʱģǺǺǡ
ȻһЦ׿ʱˣ

棬źݺϣ׿ɫȴҧгݡĺ̻ᣬȻ̹ᣬѹӣ
ߺߣϧȻӼӣӾһŰмߵҲһˣ´ټʱ̻ᶼˣߺߡ
кâһ׿ǷЦݣ̤ŹĲȥˡ
һ棬׿뿪ֿһӵݣ⽭εɫ΢΢˳ˣǰ˵õĿɲһ
ʲôһһЩ𣿡Ħ˵ĽָﾭγһЦݡ
΢΢˶⽭һǻûĵϸԺ磬⻹ã
̽˿͵ϸеԭ򣡡
βһⶫжôҪӦ˽⣡ݺݵҧҧ⽭һŭǳ˱ı¢ݵĵλԺģȡ棬ʤǿߣȿֺûǿԿҵʱĺôҲ٣
󵨣ôҪʣֵܵȥҪة˷ֵĻɫһ䣬ﾰɫĮؿһۡ
εƳƳ⽭βÿɷ񣺡ˣʲôҲ֪ʲôʱôĽǵ۹ˣ
ǰǲģǵ۹壬ٺٻҵ£ֻ޾ĲƸŸϢϢذ
ǽָһڣﾰЦħʯɱǴӦҵĶöö࣬ЩҾͨ۶壬һ¥ˣٺٺ١
Ŀǳ֮ߣ
²һ⽭βҧҧǽλ˽⣬֪֪׵ĻԺϵħʯ޾ڡһһȥ
ģģ
ô֪
밡ô⣬ֻǺңҸôͶһģоâһﾰʮƶ
Ƥ̲סݺһ飬⽭θӽκѾҸоҲ̫ˣС˵ʲôŰ
һ㻹˵ĲģĴҲֻǺвĻ˭
뵽һ㣬ƺַ˲١


961 
ھ˼ú⽭κȻ˴˶һۺ󣬽ҡҡԴЩڡ
Ǵ׿ǰλνĳˣһ˫ɣܵȡöԷΣȻι̵ĺϵ
û뵽Ѿܺ
ﾰһ̬Ȼܱȥ˲²׳СӵʹӦȫҪҲʵǸ漣ˡ
ﾰ޵˭˲Ǳ֣Ϊ飬ҲСӣݶģƨĵ˲źۼĵĻŭţҲȷʵǸɫˡ
뵽⽭γΣοﾰ˵ˣλ̸ݶ֪ô
㿪һ¾£ʲôƽʱ𣿡
бƳƳǣﾰЦǱΪҲ֪ƽ͵Ŀмģ㱨ˣߺߡ
Цһ⽭΢΢˵ͷҲǣ⾭һ;мܼùĴڣѵúͿɡ
سһ⽭ҡҡͷӻ֣ȻҪ뿪
ǣ߳䣬ﾰٴ𣺡үӣʲôûɫԸһЩ𣿡
һͣ⽭˵ʲôת׿λһۣĵˣⲻ𣿡
ƵҪ˫޵¯̫ˡ
ȻһЦ⽭ЦؿˣҪ˫ޣǻˣҲڻվˡŮ˾Ůˣôڸ𣿡
ǰˣ뻻ԣ
Ҳˣﾰֱ˵ܿ죬ƺʲô㣬ĵУҲҪǼҵģϼһٸӣߣ
üͷһ⽭ؿһۣʧЦˣʲô˼
ʲô˼Լף
һﾰĳ˵ǰ᲻£ʲôôΣҪף͸ɵˡǰŮ㣬µĻ㣬вҪȥﾭγ˶ϵĻ㡣ΪҲ֪ڸʲôΪϢˣѾ˰ɡҲںģֻںܳˣɱ˰
˿⽭εͷãҲûʲôøģ㣬ҲΪÿȡ֣ҲŲò㰲һ㡣һֱеĽɡ㲻ңϷȻԸȨ󡣳ˣúϢɣˣС⸱ͣһԺͣһ㣬ôҲǳ˾۽ǵˣ
˵ţ⽭ζǾ߳ţת۲Ӱ
Ը⣬ϼһܵ𣿡
ǣǵȴأôһﾰһٴǾƳУƲôˣͣ첻һ𣿺ߺߣ˵λ۹Ⱑͬˣٺٺ١
һ棬⽭ζ˳óǱȻɫ丸ף벻Ǹ׳վȻĲµˣ¿ɲö֪ܵĹϵòƲҪַ֪첻ɣ
֪ҲԤϣס
²ͣ⽭ҲɫñΪ˿ĳȷǶһЩֽţȻӣҲںС¶ȥ֮Ժ󿴺ܣǸӳٽӴˡСλռ価๵ͨһЩǴͻȡΣ
ص˵ͷȻһᶨİɸףһʱڣλĳúģ
ԣ⽭Ҳοص˵ͷӣεĿ⡭
ǺȻְ𣬴󾡵֮꣬ȫ׿ӶˣҲ۽˲ʤżͬʱ˲鵤Ϊ
Ͷ֮ң֮
׿Ҳ˳ָȻ˸ĽЭ飬ʮʯħʯٴνȻⲻϲǳúļ
ˣȻ׿ǰæǰæͬʱҲʼħʯˣҼ۸񲻷ƣֻ۹ϲᡣ
νǮ׬ﾰ񿴺ôڣԷԼѵõ֪ǱҲԾ֮ˣ׿ִ߽з⣡
ɳ˺дͬ룬һĻʱóв˶Ŀɿڴ׷ɻ׿ʲô
Ȼˣʲô֪Ϊͬģڴ̽ãһԴԺ׿ҶĺŪȥˡ
Ǽ׿Ը˵ǲɸ֮أǸһĻһɣٸʵףġƫƫǸʲôҲںӵܣֻԼңûе۹еΣҲ׷ˡ
иνֻ
׿һּصݣھ۽Ƕãȴû˹ʣת֮䣬ѹе̵Ȼ׼׵͵ˡ
һйҲȫ²ĳ㶨νǲͨһ·ͨ
ǣϾҪС뿪˲طǰһǵ۹Ĵ£ȴأ÷
Ҳˣ׿ħھ۽µ㼣˷ӦǧƽĽ֮ǣ֣֮
ةˣ۽ǳﾰùٵةˣףة˸綫ٱɽ;һ˳
۶ةฮڣﾭγոջصԼĸۡϹٷƺ͵ˣһ̱㼱ǰأ˫һɫʯͷȥ
бƳһۣﾭγüͷһ壬ĵ˵ǰﾰǸģߣûȥɣҪȥڣû񣡡
⡭
ɫһͣ˵Щ֪ôáΪǰﾰǧһҪݴ͸ة࣬ΪԼ;·ة಻գȥô
ƺɫЦһȰ˵ة࣬˼һ⣬αؾǧ֮أǺǺǡ
ն֪ﾰһӹµ֮˰ˣѧרӬӪ֮£˴񣬱ͼȨı˽õ۹Σעȷϲأɺݺһ֣ﾭγɫ䵭
ϹٷһԳĵ˵Ǿ۽۽ǺڰɣȻ㿴
ǿŰģ
Цһﾭγִٽ̵ǷŸ˵ĳȻӰ캣еӪûضȥҰһ˼˼ã֤ǻڹעŵ㣬̫硣Ҳʲô鷳⼸꣬Ѿͷʰķڷ˰ɡ֮ƺһµãɲָʲô
ةǺĻ˶õﶼŹЦһϹٷƵЦȻֿǺɫʯͷһɫףʲôǰôû
ǻһصЦݣǽ̸æһݣة˺λǺŪĻúģֻССһţֵһʯʥʯǣɹӦ󡣶̶֮ڣ۶壬Žɶ۹ϲ㰡Щү˶Ѱ͹ˣûһþܾģֻةܸջص۶֪ⶫĿɹ󡭡
ŶôУʲôüͷһϹٷһţɻ֮ɫ


962 
ƽȤǽ̸æˣħʯʮֺһʯʥʯͬħʯԪֱܹʹãˡħʯֻ򣬱ʹԪ棬ٲصԪݽ֮ʱƿ֮ħʯ˲ͻƣ谭
ҼҳˣȻһǰͻͣͶʮΪ۶ཫħʯ֮ҲвѸͻƣʵǣҶھ̾ħʯ찡
Ŷô棿
üͷһϹٷؿʯͷһۣȻֿﾭγЦةˣȻ죬԰ɣ˵꣬ͻڻ꾳뵽ԪΪ˫ȫأ
η۶ﾭγƳƳĵƽôⶫĻûȥ԰ɣ˵ܿʵܳڣֱͻƴδ˴ĹԪ֮أ
ԣϹٷֻȻЦЦҡҡͷ㲻ÿɷһ˦ֽ֣ʯͷӻǽУǲм֮ɫ
һ㶣ǽ̲Щ֡
ڵ۶Ȼ˼ʮˣ壬Ž࣬û͹óٸ߹Ҳᣬ˷ܣԱ
ЩΪĴǣһħʯĹãҲϲԽ֡ôλ˿ȴƵᣬ˿ûκأ
ѵ˵˼ʶ㣬ѵ֪ħʯˣҲ԰ǸոշӦǲ֪͹ã
һǽҲԺˣ⣬ͬʱ°̾ĴﰡЩ֮˾ǲһ˳ȶɽ˱Ҳ治ɫ
ȥ߰ﾰֶҪ۶ˣж˵ǧݵؽ֡ĻɾͲˣ
ģﾭγɫһ䣬Ȼ߳ȵУٵǵ۹;ʵĴͨһشͿڣɲȨı˽ԼġҪԺٸռùٵ˽øˣؼֵȥɣߣ
ȻһȦˡ
ô£ѵǳôҪ͵۶ãҲд
ңλة˸֮磬ҲûҪϳݰɡⶫֵܶʵͻͽԵ۹дôİ
һҼҳǺ̻ᶼܿûة˺λɣȻôõĶ֮ԱǣǼˣҲ֪ôġ
һԻ󣬵ˣЦһСһһ;УǾѣûнݾߡⶫ̫˳ˣ̫˳ΥΥʣسˡة˸հԶŽֹⶫڵ۹еģ
ǰǶǾйģ򲻴
һЦϹٷҲĵǰΪõҩͻƵΪҲҪȶãٽػȣպɾдҲһЩԲȵǿջǶԾŽһЩԪ۷ϼһ˵ȴǲмһ˵ġһ;޵Ļܲãܵ۷λáǶ̫ˣպܵǶģ¾޽ˣǻٵһ˰
ةԶ׿ʶʵܿɹֻһ㣬Щϼһ⣬ة˾ȻҲףΪ󣬾͸ѵˣǺǺǣ
оâһﾭγбһۣЦ䲻ǾŽרעеߣҲһڣϲڱ̫׵õģʧȥҲ̫ˡԣʯͷĸ֣˹Ҳף򣬾ڸ⣬٣ܵõ٣ǧŲ֮е̰еԲ̰һ۾˴ĵĶ̰ãд٣
ة˹Ȼдǻۣҵؿһۣ˵ͷݸһЦ
龰Ȼȫסˣû뵽˿˷֮͵ıЩ߲ǲֵһĶд󺦡
Ȼλ֮ˣ뷨Ǹһ˲ͬ
ǺؿеĺɫʯͷһۣҲһЩ򣬴һʼЩ̰ҪЩ˽¿˿һЩԼ飬ƽûκ֮ģе˿Ҳƽࡣ
ǰڣƺ⣬Щôħʯˣ˵Ϊȥˣδܴﵽ塣
ԼһһӡУȴ޾Ǳעصǰעصȴδ
뵽˲˰£϶ֳ˸м֮飺лة˺λ㣬¸мϾͽЩħʯȥҲة˵Ļһֲ䴫ģ
΢΢˵ͷﾭγû˵ֻǻӻ֣ȥˡ
ةˣˣˡ
Ȼ뿪һȴͻȻ𣬽ţһŸĹԪ֣æ˽˱㹪£Ͻǽ־塣
üͷһﾭγһɻ󣺡ôˣôˣ
ةˣˣˣة˿ȥ쿴
ةˣ³Ϲүˡ
ةˣ뽫˵أڸ




ȻԭɣһȴǽӶش𣬽һĻ룬ǰ£ҲȫǼɫ忴ȥжʮˣҶǵ۶壡
ɫﾭγҲ֪ˣһ֣ȥߣȥ
ǣ
һȣһȺฮϣϹٷƱ˴˶һۣû£Ҳȥˡ
ʱ󣬰ﾭγһһƻֺĸլǰͥϹһңӲӵ֣
ûйﾭγѸٽȥȴȻһˣȴǾǡ
λãһģĶȫһƬǣûаƤ⡣ϸȥһʯһ㣬Ӳ΢΢»ᷴ⡣
ǣôһʯȴǱһȺŮΧſϡ
أ
üͷһﾭγ¿Ȼȳ
ĨϵᣬһŮӵ滨ؿﾭγңңһݣָǿɫʯͷةˣˣǾˣ
ʲô
̲ͫסһﾭγɴһǾô
촽һŮӿ޵ĸˣŮͬãҲ֪Ǿһֱչճشϲһֱͣڻ۷ΪͻƵԪˡǻϲͻȻ鴤ȫɢźȻ󽥽ӲʯͷģĶûϢˡ


963 ۽
Ƥ̲סһ£ﾭγкɣ˼⡣
ôܣ⾸Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ϹٷƶһҲǻ࿴˿¶ɻ֮ɫǻôָ꣬û˹֮أ
˶ǰľˣôҲ벻ͨ
ʱոǸҲ͵͵˹ڵʬ壬ٿԼеħʯüͷһɻС૵֣ôҴħʯһ
ʲô˵ʲô
䲻΢΢һﾭγȫֹ͵ת׿֮ݺݵص
һŵһ£Կ԰Ͱ͵ةةˣҡ˵⾸˵ʬȥеħʯ
ʯͷң
ǰһﾭγǰ͵һѽеĺɫʯͷ˹ȻæǾʬǰȶһ£ȴͻȻһеȻһģһ⾸Ȼħʯ
˻
ɵһΧҲǲһôܱʯͷˣ
Ƥݺݵض˶ﾭγ˫ȭ΢߬ϸϸ˼ջǽЩŮ죬ΪӦÿڻ۷ǧˣΪλͻȻͻƵģǲʯͷ
šǰɣ
΢΢سЩŮ㿴ңҿ㣬սǲ̫ȷص˵ͷĵһٶʮ꣬Ҫ˥֮ˣٲͻƣ֮󣬾ͻǡ⼸ʮһֱܿաֱǰ˸ʲôʮָˣ˵ͻˣǱչճأȻͻƣû뵽û뵽
˵ţЩŮӱٴصؿˡ
ﾭγҲȻ˽ʲôȥǺݺһףǸ˵ǰǲǸ͹ʯͷ
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Ƥ΢΢һ飬ƺҲѾʲôЩճ˵˼۶壬һЩ
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ֻ֮䣬˲أϣ
龰Ȼɴ󼱣丸ףƴģǸϽɣ
Ϊܳܲˣ̾˿⽭һۣȴǿЦҡҡԴ֮ɫ


967 
Ƥ΢΢һȻһؿԼĸףʵôﾭγӲƴʲô壬ֻøѡףⲻ簡
ǰⲻģȴܵȻģ
˵ͷ⽭β΢΢һЦʵܵһֱڸǻҲһֱȴӲЩ᲻
һȻؿԼĸףнǲ⡣
ȻЦЦ⽭βɳ̾˭ûйѪֻǾöˣԲûǡϷϳʣ䣬ȻҲһ˳ϷȴϲȻÿθͱ¦ӵӣʱϷʣȻǵһѣһഺʱѪ˳㡭ȻһЩʱɡ
ʲôʱ䣿
ǰǶ̻ŹǣﾭγŹǣȻһһѪͷİܼӣﾭγҲܻ
˿Ȼٳ³⽭α˫Ϸʱһֱ룬ӣһܸɣͣݻҵȻˣһͷԣӣҵ䣬Ҳܹ͵һ͵˵ôǿֻû˻עѣڡȻǺúûȥɡף磬ӦģǶܲˡ
һȻؿĸף˼ãȴǳ̾˿һԵĹԣǰƽʱûΪʲôڡ͵Ϊɣϣӳ졭
ؿһۣ⽭Ȼͷ
Ǻʱ˿̣Ӷеزɢ飬ȻĿ֮һƬƬʬɽѪԼ˵ġ
ǵУȴûκξ壬Ǳƽʱůö࡭
һУĽѩһ̾ҡҡԴ
Ϊÿζͷ֪С
һ棬ҵĵڣⶼһν磬һسӰµһСϣнã֮ɫȴȻɡ
֣˵˼ʲôԴȻ⣬ϸϸ˼

Ȼһ췢ҵĴźı˺ݺײһѪĲӰأس˽һ֮ɫ
Ȼ̧׿ȥһ㶣ףⲻ೤ôôˡ
ӣˣϽϷӰɡ
Ƥ͵һ飬нӡ˵һ죬ǽ˲⿪Ȼ߱һץֱۣԴ˳ȥ
һȻǲ⣬೤ϣ⾿ôˣʲôˣ
ӣﾭγԸУϾˣ
ʲôô
ˣħʯǵĻڻ᳤ʹӶݺҡҡԴһߣ˵һ
ȻȴȻȫסˣĵƺһֱһΪħԵߵ٩ţʱǧڣڣڡ
Ǹˡڸ
ͫݺȻӽýӲȽŶˣֻ೤ܡ

һǽײ˵ʱ˻⣬լԺڡҲѱһʵ޳
ɱϣѪɽǰǧ˵սÿһ̶ʧȥڶ
Ѿȫ÷ӦȻأͣ
೤ȴǴ󼱣һָǰΪ׿׼δ̵󣬴ӣϳ˴ߣǷ֮أϷϺ󣡡
೤ϣҡҲߣҵʹ磬Ƕ͵
ˣӣھͱˣϷߣ
ݺҧҧ೤һץȻ۰򣬵ʱǴȥмԪ֣ԱĴˣҪҲˡ
ȴܣƴȻǴŴҶصӡʱᶯ˵һ죬׹ػ𣬵ӿǴλãأóһڵͨããʲô
ݺһƣ೤ϾҪȻƽȥӿߣ
೤ϣһ߰ɣһץӣȻȴͨڵʱֹסΡ
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쿴Ҫ̵ˣסǣ
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ة˵նݳɱۣһߣ
һáУһɹǿɱֱţ೤ϵʱǰһ࣬ȻݺҧҧԪһһؽȻɳȥʱǴͨڡ
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ʱǼӰȻ׷˽ǰ೤ϴȰЦһű¶ѪĲбЦһأתЩ˵׷Ҽүûţ
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ǣǸոշӦ೤ȫƿ˲ɢʧ֮䡣
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ͬһʱ䣬սҲβҸּȫ𣬼ûҲ׽⽭θӶˣǺ䵽˰ﾭγС
֣ﾭγ˵˸Ǳŷ²ٵѺȥ׼ط۶
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ոСŮʶ˰ةֶΣ鴫ɫһƬ䣬Ľѩ΢΢׵
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ֵҴӲʣةʱĻ̸ˣһ֣ĽѩЦ
΢΢һͣﾭγҲȻҡҡͷȴǲˡ
ոյѾˣ۶֮һҪԱǺæģʱĽȴĽѩô˵ֱӾܾûʲôˡ
ҲŭѾϰˣľ֣Ҫܵģ
Ľݹ֪˴۽Ǻθɣʲô¿԰æ𣿡
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룡
Ƥ̲סһ飬ﾭγʱĽѩҭ˵Ȼɫһݺһ֣
һЦĽѩٿ˳ݣ׹Ŵ󳵽ˡ


968 ħʯ
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ӿڵУȻһֱţǷڶ沨֪Ʈ˶ãźǰһʱһҫ۵İɫնд˹ȥһ䵽һƬƺϡ
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һĽŲһȥ΢ЩݵӰʮ֮⣬󻹱һԲѣཱུĺͯĳӣû뵽ô˰ܸټ㣬ǺǺǡ
̲סһȻΪϤЩ־ʱסˡţӲԴתӰȴ˫ͫһʱҧг޾ĺɽŷ㣬ĵȻ𣬺ݺ߬˫ȭֹסطǵĹǱ죬ɱ⣬εҪһ㣡
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Ƥ΢΢˳飬Ȼڴڵش˼ڴҧˣݺݶ׿㡭㺦Ҽģ
ŶԼãüͷһ׿ȻһЦ˿Ϊ
ӲָıӣȻ޺޳೤Ͼҳʱ˵Ϊʯͷź̻ᱻﾭγɱҵʹ֪ȫΪĴ쵰㻹̻ǧ
䣬Ȼʱºݺһ̤ر׿˹ȥӿɱɽѹȥɱⶼ̵
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ݺҡԴȻŭǺܿ죬Ļû˵꣬һͣȫסˣʲô㣬۱
ǻϷʵĻȣ׿վȻôǰջſڣ׿˵Ըˣø˲ǰɣǺǺǡ
ǲô롭Ƥһ飬Ȼеؿ׿ǰûڡ
ô֪ǰĻĻ棬һ쵽һ㡣̶գ̻ͳ˵۹ж˲䱻
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׿Īı֣ȻһʱףͶҽ׿
ҡҡͷ׿ЦӣνпΪɻһֺģôҪ֣Ҳףϧҵ£ǹҲûа취ˣ
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΢΢˵ͷ׿¶һЦݣӣ㲻һ򿴲߹ôôҾ͸¶һ㣬ߵ¡ǰֵܺӣǱʹ͸ﾰģⱻɫеģ
ʲôһȻŵôܣ˵
Цһ׿ÿɷ񣺡ûҪƭ㣬ҴӰﾰ׳ġʹĿڷǷϲĵĿڷɵĺġңҲΪֺǷǸ¸ףץѱˡô󣬿ɲǱôһζǨǿƵģֶοǿӲúģνʲô¶ɣֶΣ
ܣǿԼһҵôܡ
ݺһ֣Ȼɫأȫģ׿Ҳľ룬ǵУȽϰˣūŵһƿأҪ̫ˡǼ֮ǰﾰʲô̬ȣ֮ʲô̬ȣߺߣҪ̵ֻҪǵͷɣõǷŵʲô̹ᣬٻǵǮ۶ˡ
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Щʯ׿аЦһȻӣЩʲô
ħʯͫһȻ
ҡҡԴ׿ʧЦһħʯʲôħʯҪÿزнݾͼġЩˣ
ʲôˣ

˵ͷ׿һ£⻯ǰŪˣͱӡħʯͻͽΪĶǱ˵ԪЩԪǱҶŹħģû£ˣԪͻᱻȾȻҲ⸱ӡԣ֪Ϊ̻˰ɣһΪˣ
ô㺦̻ᡭ
ԼԼ
Ȼһг׿ȴ˫ͫһѹ£ѵЩԪʯͷģҲЩԪᷴɣɲҴʳΪͻͽΪ֪򲻴޽ݾĵЩʯͷǷ켫һΪȣԪɢҲԸġȻҲǿԼʵԼĿģһסˣнƣ
ǹأ֪ʯͷʲôͿʼӯˡڳ⣬Ǵ⣬ǵ£ֵܹ˭ƺ⣬һ̫׷һ㣬Ȼ̫ˣ˴ѣο
οʲôһȻæʵ
˿׿۾һУοǵ۹ȡ޹֮⣬ֻ֮ǸӶѡûħʯ֮£պǵ۹ҲͷĨ˵ģǸڣ·ͻȻԷҲǺȻѣû׼Ҳǻ͸һ¡һ㣬Ǹллˣ


969 ħͬ
ʲôɴһȻԻ
৵һ£ȥ׿ؿһָָۣͨλãȻЦӣԴұطѹ˴죬ǿĶǴӻ㱻ô˵Ĵͷˡ֮޶ôعлйӲд֮գ
дã֮ɫȻǲ⡣
ڿةﾭγĴ㣡
оâһ׿˵͸ûʲô𣬶ֵͷǰﾭγһι֮ţ˽˶Թ׵Ժ۵ݴϡǴ˴ѵĻΪǴ˶ֻΪûˡһβ󲻵УﾭγҪͳһƣ
۾΢΢һ£Ȼ˼ãȴ⣺ǡǻͨݣԵ۹д氡
ǰôܸᣬ֤Ѳںˣ
ȻһЦ׿ΪصؿȻһۣĵҪ𣬿²գǵ۹㣬͸̤ݵؽˡ
˵Ҫݷѣ
ȻȻôᶪмأ˵һֱС΢ûжй⡣ѲԼ˵˲ֻһԭ򣬰ʯ
ȻЦЦ׿·ȻһУ˫ǳ㣬ڷ⣺ݴսһ𣬹лͨݣΪ۹һ©ٲܴڡɱҪɣⷢ˶ѡҲӦ֪ʲô֮λ޴ǣһᵽң·ͻȻҲû׼ãֻʱѣԹؽķֲӦл棬ھȻüԣ˵Ӧллң糬ǺǺǣ
׿ԣȻãŰͷһС
Ҳ˵ҸȾûЩ֮ˡ
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˵ͷȻæˣˣϽѶֵܡ
㺰ʲôûģ
ǣ˵꣬׿Цһ˰֣Ϊ˷̸Ƕ뿪ˣֻգ
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৵һ£׿óһŽɫĿƬȴǺжһ޶ֻţ⻹ҵģϧԺҲˣ
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£
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׿ȴǲÿɷЦЦģɵǧĻҵĻɢġǶԺɢԺôٰǾۼѵ㸸µĽɽױ𣿻˵ǰ˵ģԸ̯ӵŵԣ
̲סһȻüͷʹ˼С
ǰǰٲ£嶯çײƾһǻѪҪı̻ᣬǴʱ˿ֶ̣ʱҪ֮ʣȴȫ·ȫδЩҪ£
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һˣȻֹסԴһںޣǰΪôûиŸ״أ
ҪһָߣΪָ㷽򣡡ͻȻһĮ
ӲһͣȻת׿ȥȴ׿ĬĬؿϹž̾˿ȻҡҡԴеĳϹƶѣֶԷֲ˽⣬֪˭ҡ
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Ȼȳ׿ñɤʱѹȥ߳ȵѾСˣӦ֪еñʧĵչǧ̻ᣬҪľܸĵ˵𣿴ӹ񣬵ÿһαĴβѪɺӣȻҪģҪĴ᳤ۣ̻λӣɲôģȻˣҪأ޷ͷģֻǽ̻ᰴȥ˥į㸸ֵѪһ񣬽˶ѣ
ƤֹסؿȻһس̾˿ͷһὫ̻ᷢȥҵѪ׷ѵģֻǡΪҪ˴һܾħͬһ㣬һ⣬ǲ
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۾΢΢һУȻ˼ãһҸֲ̻ܰ᲻ܰҷһУӹӹµµƽܣΪǵ۹Ϲᣬȴ³һҪðﾭγͽǵ۹ۣ
ôԸ̻ᣬΪ𣿡
ôԸ⡭Ҹ𣿶Էǰﾭγͽǵ۹
Ҫʱ䣬һܰ쵽оâһ׿
ǼᶨȻҲ΢΢˵ԴȳãҽվħͬУΪǧˣ
죡
һ֣׿һֻ֣аЦ˵лиܵĺû뵽ô죬ǺǺǡ
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һ죬ȻҲһֻ֣ݺݵظ׿߬һоâ˸˸ôǽ£
ȥֲѶӼ𣬺ת״ʧ֣Ҳˡ粨ȥҪʬ꣬ƣ
ԣȻϸϸ˼ݺݵ˵ͷãǾһʱգӱʮ겻һȫţ
һ棬ããĴϣŨ˷κ˶һӰӡӿĺ˲ͣĴźŨвϴ޺ңӦ
ֻСɽͫŨ֮һһԱ֮ɫ
һȲƮƮӰңңվŨ֮ǰһǺĲͣؿһҧؾͳ˹ȥҲиֹ˰ɣƬһ˵ġϷһۣˣݵ

һ޺쳹ķŨ֮еʱ޾ĳЦС࣬ԪѣҲҶִ֣Ϸ򶨵˺Ƭ

һ̣죬سŨ֮УǵĴս


970 ʥ
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׿ôŹͨһϤɽȥȴϳɽ
һͬû׹ѻӭӣ޶·õǰЦһ㣬ڲ࣬ˣԼϴ
һ·ϣȻ޲٣ȴûһģ׿ôһɽȥ޹У޵ĳ
ڣ׿һɽǰϷǸɽϤŵأ
ǺǺǡǵ׿ү˰
һЦһųߴ󺺵ʱɽǰȴ״̬ɡ
һбſ·׿ǳףСôˣΪμ˲仰ûУҪһ౳ڱϣò˰ɣǺǺǡ᲻ᣬСӵ常׿׿ү뿪ɽǰţƺشԼ֤ԼӵİȫôˣûѣǸСһͱˣʲô˼ҪҸ᲻ɣ
ǰ
Ƴһۣ׿ǰ̬ȵȷЩçײ˿СӣҲش޷ǰǰʥһķϣ־һ£
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ǰ½ȻˣҲҪ̫ˣ
̧Ƴһۣ׿һЦǰ˵˰ؼ潻Լո¸ǰǸ׻ѣǰӣǰǧҪˣȥˣΪѵġǺǺǡҪ֪СӵģӦòңͬΪʥ޵ǰɡҪ׼ʲôʽʥ޺ܷãԸۣû˵ɡ
Ƥ̲ס˳飬һ̵ͣģ˰»ôţǷһСӣǰһ㲻갡
ˣСһɣ˭һأߣ
ݺݰ˰֣һͷشһȻת׽ɽڡ
һ̣׿һ̤Ҳŷ˽ȥָʾСӷŵһʯϡ
ţָ̽Ǻܿ죬͵ͫһ󺧳ô£Сһôһ
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üͷ̲סض˶׿һ⣺ôҪãʱҲ֣˷һ⣬òûʲô˵ģ
㣬ֱ࣬ӵУȻǱޣȻ󣬵Ҳûʲô󰭣׻ָͲͬˡһƣ˼Ԫֻǡ
˵ţüͷ𣺡Сһ˺ְһּԪˣҲлָܡǸֵƶȴ·ȫˣѺϣʹڵһֱԾۼһֱԲѡôȥʱһѱס
̲ͫסһ׿´󾪣ҪξΣ
ȲǸȸ˵˵ʲôˣƤ΢΢أ
˿׿̾콣
콣

΢΢˵ͷ׿֪޲ԣ׵ʥ뽣רŶԸʥ޵ġҷֱʥ֮ǰҲ֪⣬ʥˣƺЩףרƲͬʥ޵ʥǰ˫Ժұ콣ˣȻָҲָܻα콣ˣȴѻָҲ֮ⵤҩСӾ͡
۾΢΢һУ˼СӣϿʥ
һ콣ѾҸͷ棬ҵѪˡ
޷ˣͽڣóϷɣ۾΢΢һУִҲϷ֪ʲôΣ
׿΢΢ͷȻһħʱɳ⣬ֱֱȥ
ʱʥ㣬ûжҲ⣬һɫʱӿΪһǽڡ
ǣħ̵ǽʱȴǺĽһݵһһĿ˲仮һͨȻħ͵غݺȥ
̲ͫסһȻû뵽콣Ȼ˲仮׻ܣҲҪϾѹţһëû
ţһһֻħǵʱ˻ȥٴ׿ڡ
̲סݺݶ˶ӣ׿³һѪȻأҪ˵ĳ嶯ǰ㲻˵һôģ
û취ģΪʥʥޣɱ
Ƥ̲סɳ³һ֪СһΪ˳ˣ˵֮
һ㶣׿⣺ʲô˼
Сӣ֪Ե֮˵ģȴֻд
˿һ£ˮˣԹ١ˮ𣬻ʢˮΣûй֮ʥʥˡһݣˣֻǿǿ򽣻٣ǿС龳Է֮ϣһˣȻ
ǰԷ콣ģͫ΢΢˶׿̾
ԣҲһΣ֮ϣ壬˰ﲻæСһǿȻܰѶԷƳϧδأϷҲңûгɽʥʥʯϷѹƣȻԷһս𣬺ܾܿĹˡۺͽۣݶôױڷǣߣ
ѵûбİ취ǰĹҲ岻֣
Ҹող˵ôɱģֻб˴˽˲岻ȥǡ
ҡҡԴһַ̾ܿ·ʲôȴεˣϼһﲻ֪УʱڿҲ
һ׿æʵǰ˵˭ѵܾСӣ
ǰʥУΨһԴӡġ캣
ص˵ͷоâһϼһķӡ֮ǿɷأпռ䣬ڻ£ǵʮۣķӡľ±ӡǺͻƵġңҲΨһ۳Աʥޣ۵ĿͫһʱǶιۿǱһʱ䣬ȻƷˣҲԱϼһĿ¡С֣ҪķӡȱӡȻȫ


971 
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ǰǲ֪϶ںηˣص˵ͷҲǳ̾
΢΢׿ͻȻǰһйâһһƺ«˹ȥǰո˵ֻз캣ܾСӣط;Уżһ֮ΪģȴǶСƴ棬֪ǰǷʶã
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üͷһ˳˹ȥ򿪺ţɻ󣺡Сӵƣ˵ʥ۶˵֮սʲôƷε˻
أȴǵʱһͣһؿǺ«⡭ζǡ
ôǰ
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˿ЦҡҡԴȻǺ«ֻ׿ЦСӣո˵ʲôĶõģ
ɻ׿ҲɵƳǺ«һۣĵ;бȣԴСӵˣΪ˵Ϊǧʯʥʯôһ㣬ռ˴ء
ۣ
Ȼ˵̲꣬סЦҡͷ׿ҲϷ֮ɫ
ôˣǰʲô𣿡нǲ⣬׿һɵ
Цָָ֧Ǻ«ЦˣҡԴ໹ʲôܵôϡ
׿ǲ⣬㾶ֱСӣϼһľ¼вҩϢм¼𣿡
ûУҡҡԴ׿һΣͬʱҲΪɻ󣺡ҲǷħ۲δ֪
ƨ
ǣ׿˵̲꣬סϹʱɲǷףҲǲ֪ⶫֻû˼¼ѣ
ǡ
캣ϼһġйüͷ΢΢һЦ
ԣ׿Ҳǲһȫסˣʲô⣬ǡ
֪˰ɣʥ޵йϡ䱦һʮУ˼عע㻻㣬һĸڷ㣬˼ĦºҪйȥо
ЦһҡͷҲֻЩӲϼһＴ֪ĹãҲ¼Լؼ֮УЦģ
Ƥ΢΢˶׿һУȻѹˣѹⶫСӵ˶֢ԭǷ캣֮йҲڣ
ûҡ˫һǻһصĻȡ˼׿Ҳ˫һ˵ͷҡ캣Ѿˣڱݱ֮ʹСȥһˣ
˵ţ׿ҪС뿪
ȵȣ
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˿Ƴһۣݾǧ֮ң㵽ҪڱһѰϼһټһʱ䡣⹤Ȼ̣ܵȵãСӵȲáں𣬶ൢһգͶһΣգ
ôǰ˼ǡ

ʱ䣬ûٶ˵ʲôֻأȼһɫĻ棬Ȼ˫СȫѨһһ׵һСǰ
Żһ£ը죬˳ǼѨʱСڣȻһɵȹΣؽС
³һÿ֣ĳ˵۷ӡǲϼһ֮һЩС⻹ǿԵġԴոϷԻ֮ӡ󷨣СӾӡڣ޷޸֣Ҳȷ񲻻ʧɢȥԷ׷ӣɢô⺢Ӿ൱ʱ侲ֹٶȥˣдʱҵǺȻ
ôǰһӡ𣿡
ɣҵǻĽ壬˼ֵˣֻܸ˾ְұ겻ɢ岻𣬽˶ѣ
ؿ׿һۣȻ
˵ص˵ͷ׿ٴҪСӱȴһֹˡ
ǻаЦݣȻСӣ⺢ǣ̫ż㣬ˣòɽϷܵһЩЩĽչˣ
˴ѨӡбƳһۣ׿˼ʵ
΢΢˵ͷ޵Чʻģⲻص㣬˴ѨѰҲףҪǷȴôװ쵽£ֻһ˵Ļǧ궼ϾһͨݵĴ󹤳̣ʲô㣿
ͷİɣ·ϣ˳˸ǼĵӣҪ쵽һ㣬ӦòỨ̫ʱ䣡
оâһ׿Ƴһۣ㾶Խ˴κ̻꾡˵
һУʱЦ˳صͷ̶գ˼Ūü˼һΪСӣá̫ˣ
ǰô˵ҲͰˣѵ㻹𣿺ǵĲңԼֻʱǰ˰ˣ
죬̾ϣܻ·ģԼģԼѣǧ
ؿʧЦһ˵ͷ̾׿㳤٣ԽԽе۾緶ˣ
۾
۾
׿һֵӣ΢΢ףȻ˽Ϊ۾ʵ֣ȴ벻֪ҪƵۣҪ߱һŵġôΪģĹأط˳ǰգԵڡ
ڵ㣬Ȼʵδﵽĳ̶ȣ磬ȴȻѭʥƣӲΣǽ֮£׾ȴΪΣǽֱ治壬´ͷҲûʶǰ´۴ƣдˣһıһ졣ڹعɣһ򺣴бƾȨڴ˼ڣ᧿Σ㲻ѡһʱ㣬һ̣Ȼ˳㽫жѡȻûʲô˳˳ˮǵ۾
Ƥ΢΢˲׿ϸϸ˼Щãҵûôֻ࣬ǾãҰħʯһף̻س£Ǵ£첻Ҳ𡣶Ƕӣҵˣ̻ᣬҲҵģֻҪĵȾͿˣ
ģܹδ֪ˣ㿴ǵδ˳Уǵ˹켣ÿһ۾ֶ򵥣˷ף۷̥ľϣȻˣ
ؿЦһ͸Ϸ򵱳ѡȥżһϷ㣬һҵϷܵδĽǺǺǡûѡ˰Щ£°빦
ˣС߰ɣϷ׹ѻһ·ֱͣҵǺΪֹ
ôߣüͷһ׿һ֡
Цһ¶صЦݣǰ֣ǱҸҪ֣˵ˣʱϼһͻߵİֲˣǺǺǡ


972 Ž
䣡
ǵ۹۶һɽۣ֮һֺĹֻɽ֮ȴǳը죬ÿһϸҲˮͰСֵĸ£ֱһ֮
ֻλãȴԱɽۣ˲ʧһһľžڿв쳹ÿһľմԵԽ׳Ϭϼ񡣷·һƬһݣ׵ܴʯǽһ㡣
ǹϷҴŵ߻ƣ֣ȴǴ̵鷢ۡ

ⲻܽԺ˵ټŽᣬȴܵ治֪ڸʲô
⣬һӶ˱ֱվſأ˫ĿбӣְǿƶֱǸԪ۷ʵһһٶˣ
ϹٷǸ⣬˼ģһɧϼһûµĻϷȻȥˡϷɲЩվڵĻǧִܵˣߣ
꣡
Ȼ䣬һԵĵһƣЦ֣԰˸С棬˵ȥȽʱǿ޶ˣǺǺǡ
ߣʲôֲû
Ƥ̲סһ飬ϹٷƲƲƲ죬ȻЩη壬˵ˡˣҲȻЦЦÿɷ
Ǻܿ죬ȴǺһȻ˶ԼǾǣǰһЦǧ磬þư
ȻŽУֻеָϷ֪ôԶųˣ
ৣ
һӰֻգ۹һ룬ͷͺӵ߱ʱǰлһƺ«ֹסشɢ
ЦһָЦƽɣþò֪ѰټȥˣôиϷһ𣿡
ٺٺ١͵֪ܲ𣿲һΣҿû
ôˣбƳһۣȤ
˰֣ƽɲȻʧЦ֣βҲ壬ʵ󣬾ôһ㣬Լȣܻȳأ
ߺߣĴβô˵ģƽɵòǧ̳̳𣬹ƶȰɣмƲƲ죬ϹٷƲɵʱȡЦ
ˣݸûʲô˵ģƽȴǼˣæϹٷƣѪˣϾƹȻȾҸֵĽ飬ǧ̳ƣøһ̳
ԣϹٷƵʱη۶Ͼƹǹŵģֻǧ֮һ
ǲ˵ˣֲʲôˣƶһ޶ģһǧ̳
ҲȻһЦÿɷϹ֪Ⱦƣô棬ҸӰɣǧֻ̳һ̳ôλӰ
ǣ֣㵱棬Ҫ
ƽɳھɵˣŽԴǣҲ˵һһûα񱻶˵Ц浱ˣʵŪ磬ѵõһ磬˼Һòײſϡ
һ硭ݣ
һʱеȥĽݼĽ־ˣѹ־ζ㴼ȣļңضþƣĽҼҵģһ޶
ΪŽȻܵͷ־ƺȣҪǱǰﾭγ֪Ļߺߣ군ˣʱϹٷƵʱһЦĵ٩
꣡
˸ƣƽһţʲôУǸÿһ˫۾ͶϷˣҪ֪ˣøϷˣֵܵĻ͸պܣͱȥ
ãһ룬˴˶һۣ˵ʱһЦҪơ
Ƥ̲סһ飬ƽɿ˶һۣٿµľƺ«һᣬܻҲһѣǾҪһ룬̫˰ɣ
Ҫһ룬Ǿôڣٺٺ١࿴˿˲ʱüЦ
ϸίƽƺ«Ρʱһһεʱ쳹˶ǰλˣǾͱ۸ʵˣ˼ðΣһҲףο⼸սҪ̨أͽЦ
һ˵ʱ˳ȥȴ֪ʱǲԶһһɫƽƮƮĿӣھĸ٣ǲʱĻȣһֳ֮⣡
ףɪĽףҲˣ
ǰһƽɵʱһϲıؾǰЦ˺ã֪˵乫ץϷѱͳû٣ʵúܣߣ
ȻһЦĽɸ٣ȻƽɣʲôѱЦѣոҸҲЦǺǺǡ
ģ
üͷһϹٷƲЦŽȻͬǰةһͬʣոսΪպգ𣿡
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أµٺһͣĽͣе࣬дһĨصĹԣЦûǸ˼ֻ˵һʵˡŽУҵռϯʣϯĸġѵұ֤ʲôشߣغģϯִѹǣǺǺǡ˵ة˶ԾŽһͬʣķֲȴͬǱһֻȭȴһɢɳҰɪɰƣ棬ִʲôأǺǺǡ
üͷ΢΢һԣɫ
Ľ׵ĻǶˣǰҵȻһ¶ģĸսȴǸвͬ治һ
˵ĻԷһ壬ȴһһһѡպҪʲôͻĻ߾̫ΣˣΪΣ
뵽˱˴˿˿²ʼƽ
ɪⷬ빫Ȼλǰ𣿡
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Ȼһը죬һ⣬Ĵ󺺵ʱǰ˫֮âը죬鱬ѵƣֹסɢ
۾΢΢һУĽؿһۣЦ׽ףôҸոǷͬ
ǲͬûҪͬ
Цһ±ǰҵģǰǽ֮λҲΪػǰҡ˵ˣǲǸߵȻѣĺǰҳͻ·ҲӦģ𣿡
Ƥ̲סһԣɫѿ
һľƽɣʱ˿ҲЩ̲סˣô˵ϷǿһּҪѰãҵҲҪǾƣҪ˭
˭ģȻ˭ؿߵ
ݺҧҧƽһޣǾϷ
Ǿƽɸɣ
˵ʲô

һ죬ǿƵʱƽŭڣһݺݶǰҲһЦԣ
龰ĽҲƴţƽɡ
أȻ䣬ɽƺһر㽫׵ѹ˹ȥڴʱˢˢˢĵӰŽ󡭡


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ô˵⽣ǵ۹Щ˶ǺѵõεģٲŽһ̣Ժ¾ûǵĻȨˡ
ŽλҲǰѣ

˼սţһˣһˣʱ˽֮ơ˫ȶԣȴ˭Ҳѹ˭ֻ޾ںݺݵسײڣɽ۶ڲϲ
ЩŵĿɿڴɷףѻָǰ侲֮ơ˵ҲǹԪ۷֣ôܺ;ŽᲢۣ
Ŵ棬ȴֻһԸɵ۵ķݶͬʱ´󺧣ֹסˣ˿ûһֹͣ
Ǻ˫ô˴˽ţ˭Ҳκβ˭ÿ˵ɫ쳣أЩϰٻǵ£֮ܵ꣡
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꣬ʲôõģ˶һһϷ㵥ԣƽɵʱһ
һ½εͷһƤЦЦͷû˼㵥
ߺߺߡϹɣ
ȻԸճһЦϹٷоâһĵֱڲܽһˣ»Ҳ˰ɡԳƱǺǺǡӦŻϹɣһĸϻһûҪϹ
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Ҳûа취ΪǿʢżȻʤ̭ƣһǿʢ۹̬壡
ԴӲܽ忪ʼʼչ᳹ǿλ̬ÿһﶼǲѡΣʤ̭߾֮
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̫ӲǱֱӵ˥ǳеƳҲ֣ûлλλ̳ȨһǾͿһǧɵؤˡ
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ﾰôϵģͼֱˡ
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ⶼҪлλڣһ˲ŵķԡˣ̨ҲԴιɵ۹ʢ
ƶȣ۹Уֱǲ˼ģΪһҡȴһֱã˸ҷֻڰǿƣ֤һ㣡
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üͷһﾭγؿ˰λһۣλλɽΪ۹ЧġְȨСܲλ飬һǼں󣬾͵ɣζ᣿
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974 ܽ
ضڲϲƱŷڳǰģһų£쳣İߡ
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üͷһλתؿһۣͷ̾ѡ
ң治򵥣СӴļ塣
ˣһЩʵǿƣֹסŵȶӶˡֻңûȴ֮⣬Ž֮ǾҰ


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ǰǰλаǲΪ˱ЩˣԼѲ˰ԣһҲǸæվһȭ
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УΰҲϣΪĵӣҲһǺǺǡģü·ʲôǴһЦ
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Ƥ̲סһ飬¸Ϊ˭֪ܸħɽϹϵнģҲֻ׿δˣˡ
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ݸһԵһ״󺹣磬Ԯ
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ô㲻ʲô𣿡
ˣһŵǧ𣬲ʣתͷȥǴ󺺹žȻ뿪Ǵ󺺵ıӰĽѩȻһЦȻǳ˫ңң򱱷ȥ
ոմҪȥˡ
һ棬ѩƮҡ֮Уһѳ쳤ڿƮ߽ΧһȦӡʹǽָͣȴϹټҵλǿ
ʱϹٷۼҴҵǰ龰ʵôӡⲻ𣿡
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ݺһˤ磬ϹٷĹĵصĹһѽˣϷиƨáۿҪԸܽˣǺãߣţϷ´μ㣬˺㲻ɣ
ϹٷҧгݣϹһԿһ̾ж˼ȴ벻֪׿ҲҴҵⱱ֮ؿӱ޵ظ


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ݵԱǣе챦鵤ҩ½Ͼ޽еĴڡ
ҲΪһ㣬˸ԸԶȥδ֪硣ҲǱȽģϡΪԭⱱ֮ıǿٳһ鱦أ½ϡʣǴµġ
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ΪÿγѰ·ڣǻḶزʹۣʮȥŲ飬ʵ㷲ѡ
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Ĵϣһѩϼ˪һƬ˪˵ĸӱɪɪ˫ȶ²ϡ
еһУȴո˵صĳˣûаëǮĹϵ

عһڰ׿פһعĳǰǲ΢΢һ̣Цȸڵˣ׼ȥ֮ҷ캣ɣ
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ֱһСཱུСŮȴüͷһ壬һؿ
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Цһ׿ӽָлͳһŽɫĿƬǺеǰ˻ΣЦǸˣŮǰЩ
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۾΢΢һУ׿ؿһۣ΢΢ͷ
⺣ͨݣȻ˵үҲǵ֮ʿȻؾ˽ʬĺ·
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СΪΣνУˣ
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ƿֻʮƽС̨ǰֻһ񣬰һЩӻһȿľţľһλȥͬɱͷ޾ɵӡ
Ǵһӣ˸񣬱תȥˣû׿һۡͷȴоâһؿ׿ķ
΢΢һ̣׿ȸ֣߽棬ǰ´һȴ˫΢ϣٿֻ촽ᶯȴһһĵվХһǳ̲ǰʴӺѰҩϾӢ
ʬɽѪҿ·ɳǰµĸս죡оâһ׿Ҳǵ
΢΢˵ͷ̾ϣˣ룡
֨ѽһ߽Աƿ
ȸţ
ͷһԼŮ׿ֱǺźȥ


981 ͷ
źڵȣңңͷ׿ôһֱţ·ǰУһӺ󣬲ǿһ˿谵ĵƹ⡣
׿ߣ˾ͷȴֻվʮӰ£Աһ̴ľϣһյƵ͵ơ
ؿһۣ׿ǱϤҪȥǱ֮кΰţ
ԴӲܽ뱱ݸغ󣬱ݸڱĻ̻̣ÿķ쳣ϸѰ˵ȼǴ粽Уߵ޾̲ȴɧĻǸ鷳
һṫǰһ׿ңң£ܹЩ鷳İ취Ҳֻ⼸һǱŵĵӳϹֻҪԼԪ񲨶Ӧƣ˳ߡһΪ˸ݱս̼֣ר̵һ·ͨǰһΪʣܸΣҲ̲һ;
üͷ΢΢׿˼ǵôǡ׼;·
̼֮ңȻ̣ҪиҸΣʵ̵ֽţǺװ쵽ġ
΢΢һ̣еʱóһƣ˹ȥЦ̼֮һǮң˭Ҳ֪ʵǺ̻ᰵзֲġΪ˷ֹ˫սŲ̻ˣΪֵ̼ǮҲӰ죬Ϊáڱ̻תڱؽ磬ǮҾϵƣΪáǮҹݣڱлǮƣֻҪԪעһ˿ͺã
ƽӹ׿ؿһۣЦ̻ˮĺģǰ˲׼ô
ǺǺǡ˵ЦˣӰ˼ΣǽȨңҪʱ׼ʱϻ᳤ʱȻԤϵһ죬·ǵʱﾭγ̫ĻҲһ취ûУ
Цҡҡͷһ̾ſ׿ٱȭպǻᰲһ·ȥ;Ŷ顣Ȼˣÿ鶼иǮңԻ䣬ʲôжҲǮҵײɱǮҵԼˣ
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׿ˣҲǲ΢΢ͷЦǰʱǮˣȷͦзģ
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ϾҲǷʱٿôһӥߣɵñ˰֮С
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̲סһȸʱһȻæ˳߿ȥȴһ毺ã׵ŮаߣЦ
ǡҵģ
֪οڣȸֻԼİ߱Ƶģָߣ
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Ƥһȸ뷲ûʲôоŵߣȴǲǰƽؿŮӡ
ʥʯһ־ʮ飬ߡôɰ
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ܵҾϲߣ
΢΢̧̧°ͣŮӵЦһüҸǮĻ쾭壬ɱ˵ʮʥʯһߵģ
ЦҡҡԴűվȴǲÿɷߣһ޳ӥƤëֵ
ɲҪ۰һֻһ޵Ƥëֵ٣ȻڣŮǼ
ȻҡҡԴȻʧЦһֵʯѣһӳʮʥʯʵ̫ˡ
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һŮһ̧̧ԴȻȸһЦСѾͷɴûأٺٺ١
üͷȸɰСǣţ촽
ǿӣŮƺӸƵģһƤСЦСãȽⶫˣǻټ㣬͸㡣ǼĻˣҪҪһ߰
Ǵ˿𣿡
ƳһۣȴЦ㡭̫ˡҪ֪ߵģþã˾벻֪һİ֮׵ġϷҲԸϷĻƷһϧ֮˵ϡʮʥʯûȥɣ£͸Сˣ
˵ţһĮʮʥʯǰһƣ߳
ȸȴһϲʱҪȥߣҵˣ͸ҵġ
ȻõŮһ֣˲佫õһԣȸǼС֣һؿǸͷ¶˱ɱ⣺һֽǮһֽ쾭壬û˸Ҵӱжضءϼһ𣿡
ߺߣһ쾭壬һʱ籦һûˣһ
һЦߺݺݶŮӵ˫ϷãǴ飬ϲԸ߰ɣһΣ¸Ҫκν
̲ͫסһŮضǸͷµ⻰л㡭˭


982 꽣
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Цһһ̾ŮӣϳǮｻ⣬иԸԭ򣬷ڣ಻Ըˣټ۶㻹Ƿ¶˰ɣ
ԣŮӵɫԽȸȴǸӽӶ˫ֵǶңˣˡ
ǰǲˣϧ㿴ϵĶҲҲɲ
ɱ⣬ŮаЦһȫشţǿʱ߱ƵúݺݶǽϣϢһͣ˿
ŮӵϣҲɢӿĽɱϼһﲻǸˣ̸ʲôˣΥ汾˼Ҫ۵ģߺߺߡ
һЦŮ˦֣ӿһ׼ɳǿҲ̲סͫһҧء
һϵģֻлϴϵ˫ӭһ̵ĵ
Ϊ˺̻ᣬĲΪΪ᳤ԩ֣ڣӸ֮飡
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ס֣
ȻڴʱһȴǵʱĺڰдţһΪƽȻҪɱ˲Ҫ⺣ж֣򾪶ˣ˭ûкô
ЦһŮһмؿǺڶڣѵΪɵ˭𣿡
ﵱȻɵκˣֻɵһ˶ѣ
¶Σ׿ƵشǺڰź˳ĵ˲Ը£𣬾ΪһߣǺǺǡ
üͷ̲ס˶ŮӲɫ䣬أһ˼ãָһգȫƵʱҲûгֵͼˡ
߸еԷϨٵñǽˤڴڵشŴһƬȻ
Ȼ־Ȼһҵġ
ض׿ţŮ۾΢У˫ȭ΢΢˽ҧǺˣ֪˭𣿡
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ȻһЦ׿ҡҡͷǱǮҵһ£ǮҲСҲҼҴģ飬ǺǺǡ
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޺޵ҧҧŮӲÿɷ룬һƽʧΪôСӳ뱾̸У˵ȣҾ治ɫǵ֮ڱɱ¾ȻȻ̸Ц򵥡һССǮңô£㡭ʲôˣ
ȻһЦ׿΢΢һлޣǮĳ֮ʲôˣﲻʣҲʹһ֮ҶԹ޺ǲҵɵ˵Ļǵల¡С·һߣԶнģǺǺǡ
ǡѾ֪ҵˣ
ض׿ţŮнһƬã֮ɫʵԿ͸أȻǰһץסߵˣǺηʥ
㲻ϸ֪ݣ㣬޺
εʼ磬׿Ц֪𣿺ǺǺǡˣֻǾùﲻƽ޹¶ѣʲôҲ֪Ҳش̽ˣܸȻ˵ˣʣµ㲻֪̽Ҳûãǻ
вң
вǾ棡
Цҡҡͷ׿Ϭľâ߶Ļ͸ףúܣû˿޵¡ȻҲû˿ıͷķǽãĪҪһʧǧźޣ̫ԸǼ£
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ѲɡǸ
أ·ʲôŮӵʱһؿɫùŹֶ䣬֪ԡ
꣡
ƣ׿΢̣¶һصЦݣȻ֪Ͳ˵ˣ֮ǾˮˮţýʱͿ̿Ͳˣ
ؿ׿ŮӲɫӣسãŭһת׾Ҫ뿪Ҳˣ
ȵȣ
ǣ뿪׿ٴοڣһֻ֣ЦŮߣǷԹ黹
ӲһͣŮת׿ȸһֿۣЦŮǺǺǣò˵СӣȻ˹ƯŮҲʵ첻ˣ
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Ҫǣȣض׿˲Ҳ֪Һ͹һӣӿϵĶһһߣҲáŮϵģҲһֻҸﲻһǣҲ迴ɫǳʲô˶νɹ͡
Ƥ̲ס˶ŮҧгݣȻ޺һ˦֣ʱ㽫׿ȵãС֣ҵš
˵ţŮӱͷҲصؾԶŶ֮ɫ
˦һߣ׿ǲ¶һаĻȣ󻺻ȻһϣڵŽӹȸϲѡ
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ϵƤһ߳³һ૳鱨˴뱱ݴصĸ֣ʮӲܽšھŽ֮УΨһŮӱǡ꽣꣡
΢΢˵ͷ׿Ȼ
ǹӸոսߣ֪Ρ
ɵ
Цһ׿ÿɷɵһˣΨһµģܽ𣬰졣ЩԽ뱱ݵؽԺ󣬱ݷûκζȻǰԼôȻڵȴһһеڴ֮ǰ˭ɧضûкùӳԡˣ԰ļɵԣ¡ԣҲ֣
ԣ˼΢΢ͷȻֲΪι黹ߣȫԡ
Ǽɵ
һ̣׿ŵ˴жȻʧĻǺǺǣ˭Ļˣʱа𣬱ȻҪ˭ˡ
ǵʵ˭ܷǡ
˵ݵ𣿡бƳһۣ׿Ȼе鱨ʾﾭγȥݲҵĵˣӦҲ֮¡
ħɽ

˵ͷ׿âһħɽ̫أһ¶ΪǿʵþŽǲܽҲѲ׼ԣδ֪ΣգҸոհʾħɽԽǿԷԽΪҲħɽûʲôһƻǵļƻ˭ˣǺǺǡȻ˭ħɽ˭͵ùˡΣ걳𣡡


983 Ҫһ
ź룬תת˼ò׹˵ͷ׿Ծ˸߲ţ֪΢ϵȻǰ໹֪ΪλҲûôģ֪ˣǻʶӢš
ǺǺǡô˵úһ΢΢һ̣׿ٴǿһԼλ
һͣһЦŵ˵ͷ޷Ψհֻ໹һɻǳǴ˵еġħɽ𣿡
ħɽ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿ƺЩ磬·ʲô㣬¶ȻЦݣת׿ϣĿ⣬Ȼš䣬ôط𣿡
ӲһɫʱЩŻҡҡԴһã֮Ƿطʵڲ֪Բ󣡡
ʱ٣Ϊдлޣ
һصĻȣ׿оâһÿɷЦûطνֻҪڣʹڡĲڣѵԺ󲻻𣿺ǺǺǡ
Ƥ̲סض˶ɫʱһ࣬˼ãŻȻ򣬽ſ׿Ӿ壬ع£Ͷصذݷˣֲʵ̫ˣϵ䣬µçȻֶ֡Σ޷ֻ̫飬¡
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˼һݣм
ϾҪɽܶôǿƣʵ֮Ӧǰ
أ׿ʱΪ̻֮ͬˣֻ¶һΪָǰķȡ˵ײµģ
ȻҪһݺ½Ȼܷ¶ǶӳȻֻ·ˣҪִ֣˵ģǡ
ԣǰչʾŸɣҪһ
һֱ³ذŪߵȸ׿ûٻ׿һۣ˳ȥһֱţû׿˵ľء
ſڣǸ˵ĳſڵĻٴγǰһŵΪҺã
˵ţǰ·׿ȸеظں棬ڼʲôҲû˵ŵǱ㰲ֻˡ
һ棬һƬžС䣬ղͺɪɪıУһֱĽ䣡
ǣ˵ؽ磬ȴʮ˾ʪĲݵϣĴͷΪ׵Ǹߣ˫΢գ緢ȴǲܽ𣬰ɡ
ˣϢʯߵĴҽɡ⻹ʮ棬ȴǽ̫İǰ;Ļӵǣںλһ𣬾죬Ǽǿ񻰣
ৣ
Ȼһƿ죬һȵŮӰʱǰƺЩŭ޺һ֣ͷض˶ţȻλ£Ҳʼ˾
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ȻûһȻڣ˫ޱ꣬ʲô£γǱ߿ʼ𣿡
ԣ༸Ҳ˫Ŀ׸üͷһ壬ݺݶ˰꣬ѵ꣬ôˣôƢӰڵУǴ̽ʲôǲϢ𣿡
ˡĵģ
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һæոշ֮ǰȥ߾̽δʲô쳣ةӦûûֻǡ
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ˡҲǸʶòħɽġ
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ڶ֣ʵҲضǿھŽ֮ϣӲһ𣬰׼ԼϴȻ棬֪ϵƢַˣæҡҡԴĳ
һ֣첻ЦЦâףϷǰǸ߹ôϷǰôƵĻУϷýʵȥЩħɽİʵͨ쳹أԶϷ֮ϣǲظϷΡʲôϷ£߲Ϸ֮ģߺߣͨͨǷƨѵǼ𣿡
ԶԶԣ˵ûǶûݵҲûж˼ڴôǿʶѡ
˲ͷ亹׵ʱЦҲ֪˵һ㶼ţͼӴ׵ĵطȥˡ˵ݹųרǵġҲħɽڣûôǿҲ˵أ
΢΢˵ͷ쵭ȷûܣ֮֮ࣿսթ֮ͽҲв٣һƣҲһеħɽϷ򣬱һʱƽҲûܵģ
԰˵̫ˣ
ǣħɽˣȴĳˣ
һͷڵĴϻۣǰȴǻһתͲһƣΪ˼ƹŪ飬ҪľǸ֣ܼ⡣ȴӶɳˣ˵ħɽȷ¡Ϸ򡭡Ҫȥˣ
ʲôҪȥˣüͷһײɾ
΢΢˵ͷоâţЦϷ뽭δһݣһֱڿѰ֡һôͻȻĳϷһ˷ܰϷȻţһսĳˡڴ֮ǰȼһˣԽҲǲģ
ͷЦֿ꣬˼ľʵϷҪһ¡


984 ɱ
ǣڣ
ķԸ겻ҵһݣһһʮؽ֮ǰһн˳
ǰ󣬰۾һУ³૵꣬ǹԪ۷壬ħΪʱȻųɱСӦ֪ʵҲ֪ݡǼˣһվصСӣȻ޾壬ʴʣͽˣһƬ߶أǣ˵ã
ߣȶĿɱ䣬ѽԴˣ
˾ˣôڣ
޺޵һ˦֣ŭȴһ䣬߳ȳ˼һۿߣһץһ׼Ǳ¡־͹ûڲغԼ˼ץ㣬˾ҪķڷڳһСŮ˵ļȣǽҪõ𣬷ŵ£
ƤһһݣȻлԹޣȴ̾ˡ
΢΢˵ͷĵ꣬ȥСӣʲôӦϷһħɽӾжٷҰΣ
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һ׵ʱ죬ɵڣ⡭
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һâĮһǧޣԣִУ֮
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ת˲ŵıӰеƤ޲˽һ̾ǰĵطŰˣ
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һЩ޲˻һųǰ񱼣ڳУСƣů¯òڡ
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㿴ǺˣΪһֱǲţ
׿ڣָȥһصڱأôᱻ˶أ
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һЦ˼ȸһԴָȺЦʲôֲҰôҪȻĻǰǷҵ߻ҵʱѾˡȻǻû֣ھ͸ᶯˣǲôţ
ʲôʱ͸ִˣ
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Ȼ£һ͵ֱرɫضɽҡ޾ѩɽ
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е׿ҲһҡڣеˤʱŸæһ˳ݣ˳վκ󣬻ȥӳȴʱͫһ¾𣬺˫ȶ˰ӡ
ֻʱ˿̣Ǹո֮ѾѿѩɰأһߵĿһƬڣݲһ·޾Ĵ󶴣ʱǰ
Ǳ˴͵ܳҲֻʣβ˵ͬŵƥޣͨͨʧˡǽڴһ㣬֮˰ɡ
Ƥ̲סһ飬˿Ҿ˫ȷҪˣһ鴤ת׿Ǳߣɥ˵ᶯôô
ǰǰǲ֣ô
۾΢΢һУ׿ɫƽλүӣɱ⿪ˡߺߣֻǲ֪⵽˺̶ֳء


985 ̽
ৣ
ƿ죬һٻӰʱ׿ǰ״ǹĻȣȴǰɡ
Ůħͷ֣˶ȶӷţֻ׿ɹȻԵõЦݣǰ˻Цּˣɺã
ߺߺߣһ
һЦǴһ˿аȣ׿ЦСӣ㲻˵ҲҳôҾͳ㿴һ˴ȫˡˣ
ĴЦ˶߻صֱëȻ裬׿ȴݸһЦÿɷҡҡͷȥĵյң޹أҾͿˣαǣ޹
޹ߺߡһ޹𣿡
һЦ겻мƲƲ죬ϷŪ֮ɫҿôںǵҾƫƫȲ㣬ȻǰһһسۿǸߵһ𣡡
̾׿ҡҡԴαأԩͷծѾߵǰҪɱҲɱҰɣҵǰ桭
ߣô˵飬Խǰ棬еҾƫƫĿһһǰ㱻ںĥŪ㣬ﱾ³
ݺҧôض׿һ߽Ҳ⣬ֻǺȻ㲻ǸطǲǶǿôҪһЩ˵ˣ
ֻǡûôѡ
أ֪ʱ׿˰ǰһ֮ңǻЦݣȻôˣϣһĹԣɲһ£ΪβϽԪ޲һ£ƫƫҪ˷ȡ֮أ
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˰Լ㣬´ͿɺãȻһЦ׿̧뵹âէ֣͸֮
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üͷһݺһҧһ֣ȵܣҵ𷣣ʲôʱúãӦӦúãڲֲܾܣ
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ǺǺǡħɽħɽţվȴ˷ǿߵĹעȻˣû˵ǾŽҲ㶯ħɽˡ
˵ŻǺð
ǻŵЦݣ׿оâ˸˸·𿴴һУþŽ֮ǰȴ֪ΣЩãЩ¡
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ţһɱңߵǰ⣡
˰֣׿ЦȻһ̤ٴαƽǰڶεľ룬Ҫݺײһµ˶Էѩ֮£ȴ˵ů
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ǰ־ܣɱüͷһ׿Цôƽľٶʲô𣿡
촽˶꿴ǰ׿Цݣֹסֱ죬ͨ죬ӶԺˡ
Ҫ֪ǽݽǵ۹߸ϵĽ˭ùؾأģܿô٬ƤЦģ
һʱ䣬꾹Щʧ˷磬һָ׿ߺߣҾô㣬ûô˵¡ôĥ㣬Զڿ־֮Уÿɱһˣ֪ʲôʱֵԼˣ;һֱڿ־֮Уߣ
һݻûٿ׿һۣһת৵һ£ʧӰ
ֻǽµѩӡ֤ոյȷһλȴĺĹ
ЦҡҡԴ׿мһˣһתٴ߻ǰŵλһ³ݣǼ·
ǣûһ˶˶ؿǾ֮£˫֮Уľ̾
ףôˣ֣һֵؿǣ׿üͷһ壬ٴδһ
Ц£ȴûæŶǿ׿һ̾ոڵϷ꽣̫ţˣɱ˲գ۵Ůħͷ

ǣû˵꣬׿ǺغһЦε˵˵Ҹո̽ĵߣ
ߣʲô̽𣿡
Ȼ
һ̣׿һȻѾͷȻ˰ɿ˴˴жƣɱһΨңոҸǧɣ֣Ȼ˲ٽڣȴӡһӻһŭ¶ɱŮˣôèϷϷ˵Ҫһڿ־УǸôߺߡԣҲصʲôɱ·ͺã
ԣ˱˴˶һۣҲǳһ
һ㶣׿һۣɵ˵ᶯңû˵ᶯǣǷĸƨһٱϾɱˣ
Բӣ
˰֣һЦһǲôԺһҲˣԽһͬͬ˯ͬһֻҪͺãٺٺ١
Ƥһ׿һۣʧЦŵ˵ͷ취УȷкܴҪ볹װĻֳ󶯾˳̸СĻһֱС㱻ţ˲ݣûһȨ̫û˼ˣ
֮ˣ
üͷһ˼ȴǺĻȻ򣺡ѵ˵Ҫ
˵ͷ׿оâһЦǰݵһ֣綼ôʱҲԼһˣǺǺǡ


986 
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ѩ֮ϣ̶һ󳵸ϣװ̣գ۱ʧããѩ֮С
˭Ҳûзǣǧ֮Ĺɽۣ֮ܽվѩ֮ϣǰһĻ³һ૳
׵λվţɫҲЩĬ
бƳһۣ쵭Ϊʵȴˣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Դøͣɲһֻشüǫ֮ɫʾ¡
̫ӣЩСһΪأ
ȥǣתʮˣĳ
̫ӵվһݵڣΪ꽣˴γ֣ʤȴʤħɽ֮Ϊ⣬ưȴֲܡֻ꽣̫ƾעթļƽŻᱻԷƣԳǳǣԷٴץߣʵΪźҲĿǰľֵĴ̫ͨˡȴ벻֪սǸӶ䣬ɵһеĵ
̫ӴԲӣ
Ȼ̫ӻ䣬δǰһֱĬԵİؿڣȵطǿʳǿûôƽϿԡӥʳֻһϢͻãһһͣô֮ҲֻʳȸʳѣСʮƣۣʤǿ̫֮ǿҲֻһƣΪϲ߷һá
˵ף̽ҲãļҲգоʵĲšǾŽº֣ƽȻ˼̫࣬ѵ±ƲɣߺߣҲֻ̫ʵδ֮ˣŻǣǾŽһɽСǣ֮·磬һ컬Σǡǡ
б̫ӣһ֮ɫڽѵ֮ԣǸ߰˵ȴһͣԼòưѻ˵ˣüͷ̲סزͷϵ亹Ҳð˫ȭŵ֧֧߬ᣬȴҲ˵ȥ
̫ӣ΢ЦôȴҲһԣƾεվţ²̨
Ƴһۣ쵭ʲôǲ˵Ϸ̫࣬곸⳸βԷȫˣϷඣ
Ϣŭײ˼
æһݣ׺ٲֱӣϴֻǾŽѣְԼڣأ
ո˵ǰԸۣҲʵ˵ͺ³ˣģɵؾͽìͷԼϴϣҲʵǵùߵģĪ
̫ӼˣȴǲЦһ׽Լ˵һɽСǺǺǡ
Ƥ̲סһ飬ŭصһۣȴǲһ죬ֻĹĵرڷ䡣
ˣǶϷɣ
ͷһ֣ңң׿ԶȥķĵĴ𰸣û˵ϡʲôĻʲôһ㣬һϣ˵һǿ֮ġûģʲôĻ޼¡ոһ˼Ƶǣ򶨵Ҳ˼ңԳ֣СȴܰȻΪץȨûǣܳ£
˵Ϸ궯֣ľͲҶ˰ߣҷϣϷȨսĴϼǰأϾϷԶѹţ·ˣʹ˶ѡ
̲סһ˻ǲԣ׸һ㷵ڣ˵겻ĺã
ȷãȴһâ˸űһ̤ţ˲շˣֻһã֮ɫƽ
ڴ˻⣬Ҫ߳Լ·ֲƫƿأҪǵ⡭
֮ɫֻ̫˼ȴοЦһ̾¡Ȼֻһܽ𰡡
˵ţҲطˣڵĲֻ˵ȣìܵþƽ
һ棬׿̶ѩϼۣһ죬ֻͣͣǲʱӴȥʱʱЦݣȵӰⲻЩ׿Ů֮ǣ㷲Ǿ֮ɫ滺
ŮħͷһֱںţǸ˵˵϶֣һи仯˭˵׼أ
һλ׿Ľǣ̵֪վҪأ
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ʵĵһվڿ쵽ˣů¯һˮ׿ڣĳ
ԣ˱˴˶һۣǲ⣡
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ѵҪҺڱӣôܣ
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ʱһѩɽǰ֨һͣ׿ʮֵܻ³ݣһλǹȿڹȵǮ̶ӵˣ뺣ڸλǰŷУҼƣĿ
˵ţǻ̧óһӣ͸׿ǿһģһǰһӣ˹ȥ
˵һ죬ɽ˿ռ֮ڣʧһӺ󣬲৵һ³֣˻
ţһռ䲨ѩкĳһͨȴûӰֳ
˼ˣҲ֣׿һۣ˵ͷ˱󳵣߽ĪС
Ȼһռ䲨ǸͨϣֳһƬѩɡ
ৣ
⣬һٻӰǰɣݺݶȴ߳ߣȥˣţ˭ȳ˭Сӣ㲻£
ڣ׿ǵĳӸһ룬һ˲ܳʮˣڻ֣ؾͽΧǿʢ֮ɫ
ΪһǸŰ۵ˣеͷĿƲСӹߣȴ͸һ˿
λģй¶ѣѸλóҪһ£λǷǮˣ
ϣⲻǲִôôܲǮأҶѾ˺üս˰ٺٺ١
ʱһʱЦһһƣݸǰĺڵӣһߣЦ
ؿһۣǲִҲ΢΢ͷţԭ令ȷʶ㣬˲ٴˡ̫ƽǽã
˴˸ɫЩףһһ̽ϵ겨ͱ˵겨Ƿһ£˻ˮ㡣
ĽȻûʲôƫ׿ҲһǲִߣִĿǴ˴̶ӵţ˶ԣ
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ǮǮҹ£ǻһЦ׿


987 뻢
üͷ΢΢壬ǲܹһɵؿǮǮôô
ǺǺǡһذ£ֻ̬Űҽлصģִ²֪Ҳ֮У
ȻһЦ׿ֵúƽû˿ţҲ˿ߣǲܹȻɻȴûκοɻɵķ
УŮΪڼʵڲģʹˣûУܹ²ɣ
ʱ׿ֽȸеߵƣⲻǲܹµĺɸӴϾĸзִ̽ʱ򣬻Ÿƿģⲻ鷳
֪޿ɲô޺
ؿһۣǲܹ΢΢ͷģй񣬻Ҫȷһݵĺã⣬ǺǺǡ
Цһǲܹ΢΢˰֣˸¹Ȼ׿еƵݸ߶˼䣬ˡ
ıӰʧǲܹ²ֿ׿⣬ػɷ֪Դӵ֪ݵжǱѾǿȷϵĴʩҪԱź겨¼Դ顣ȷݵĻһӶѣĪֻȴһ
˵ţǲִһֱ׿һһҪʲô֮ϧеһУ׿֪Һ̻Ҳ˱˿ɵ̽
أ»Ȼ֪Ͳִˣ΢΢һף׿ͥŲÿɷ
ضţִ΢΢գգ۾ҲǸЦһ˵ˡϾ̽ôãҲû̽ȻȻųɾ׿ˣ͵ͺá
һӺǰɳڻˣƵϣִ´ˣǮȷǮµţ겨Ҳ޶ȷǮˣ
Ŷǰôû˵һܹʵ
һݣ˼ϡܶ࣬嶼򣬻ȡ⣬ھͻȻţ׷׽ԼٻأҪ¼ԱҲͺܶࡣ죬嶼¼µԱǮ¾ǰ²¼ģ
ޣԭˣᣬǺǺǡ
Ȼص˵ͷǲܹǰٷְ׿ݣЦǮ±⣬ողʵöˣΪ˰ȫô
˰֣׿׼ᾪţΪ˱ݰȫǣ⣬ǺǺǡŶˣڲܹ¿Խʣ֤˰ɣǻҪȥһء
ȻȻû⣡
ȻһЦǲܹµʱóһ򣬽Լ겨棬ʾһվݣȻֽ׿׿ĲҲ˳㵼УʾǿǮǮµվݡ
һ׿ǸȷˣϾڲǮҵײ֤Ҳ֤ӡ
Ҫһ·֤һһڰݷãʣȡ֤ݳ嶤뱱֮ûô鷳
֮һϵзҲΪһŲ̽ӣŹһϾͨһأѵعضͨ
һ󹤳̣ûκ©شͨйؽڣǱֱ͸ǵ۹ˣûôҪȥˡ
֪ǵ۹һ㣬ȻΪʬĺ̻ᣬͨݣȴ
Ŀǰһصǿ׿߬šҲΪսݵĵ巽룬ֻڻû˹עˡ
ӡպã׿תһ嵥˽ڵĻж£˻֣˸Ҫ뿪ˡ
ǻǳһȴǶȻ𣺡ţһ£
Ǯ£⡭ﲻ԰
üͷ̲ס˶ִ²һֵΪʣһأ
ҡҡͷ׿ƺЩɫãųǲܹµܹ£Ȱֵѹţͷ͵ʱ򣬸㲹ȫǣ
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һǲִ´ȳǻг׿Ǹæһ죬һִ£ܴ磬аҪǴȥһҿǳԲ˶ߵģ
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꣬ţ
Сظ˸ƣ׿Ҳ˵ô´θ㲹ִ¶ڻòţ´Ҹಹһ㣬ԼŲ͵ˣҾ͵飡
üͷţǲִ˼ҡԴײף̫شˣǰ복ɲ٣׷ҵˣûɵôգ
õãͣ˰ɣ
΢΢Ƭ̣׿ƺЩɣܿһҧ·¶ʲôİ㣬ʹļ׵Ǹݵ̽ӣǳ׺ţרƻʵġϴα˰복ƺͷģںţʱƻҴףץҪ֪Σ֮£ץ̽͡ҷһ룬ץʱʧ⣬ܵõҲΪ١
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ץܵúܿ죬ϴƻ˳ʮ˶ûΧסüͷ΢壬׿ϸϸ˼ȴΪѵҡҡԴ
޺޵һִοһۣץͱץˣ۽ˣ߰ɣǵ´ΰǰ복ҲˣҵǮȥˣ
٣ץˣ
ץʲôץǵҪְŵģǸץ̽ӵģ
ŭһִ²ͷػ˻֣߿ߣŻأֽͷݲһ·Сĵãˣ磬ǸϽ뿪·
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һȣ˵һ򿪣˼
ؿһۣ׿ƺףһ֣ҡҡԴ˳ֻȴǲϣȷ黹죬ĹҲҪЩŵǹġ
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ŭſִһ࣬ȴƲƺͻȻƵġ׿һ·ǲִ²źɫһ䣬֣ʮڻֶǼں涢ǳӣǷй˸ţһȥסץģûУ
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һ棬׿ڳУҲ¶Ȼȣ˵̫ˣѳȦڣֻĸϻڳֻ֮ǰǲǵģм徲ӿɹˣǺǺǡ
һ㶣˻ǲԣֻǿ׿һȻغȥʡ


988 ץ
һվ׿ĳѩмǱУѩϣ̵ĳޡǳ֮ϣһٻӰȴһݺݲȥԶԶǲϱ۵ĳӣأȻһаĻȡ
ߣСӣһݴһֻ޺ͼˣߺߺߡ̧һֱֻۣڱķѩУһָֻȴǸӺâǱˣи͸һа֮ɫ
ˢˢˢ
֣ʮӰʱǰΧסн޾ĳЦǿȫѹȥһҳԶӡ
һ΢һüڳˣɻʲôˣҵ̵ȥ·
ǺǺǡһ̽ӣȻǱݽƻжʲôˣϹĹۣ
Ϊһĸߴĺӵǰһվһͦڻ۷Ƶʱ˵Ŀ˶һۣЦֵǣŮ̽Ϊ̽ӻ治ϸ˭ĵ̶֪жˣʲôˣֱǻ֮˵Ƚѵһ٣μסʲôˣǡ

Ȼ˵Ľδ£һâʱһ˱Ȼһסˣһ˫Ŀ磬۵ǲ֮ɫ
һһ죬мһΪͨһ˵ϡ֮һƬڣһѪûˣ궼ûüߣ𣬳ûϢ
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Ѿľ˭˵ʮڻ꾳̶Ӿ׷Ĵôһʼ˵Ĳһ
ʮŸ¶棬Ѿ˼һ˸ǿڻ۷ʦˡִ»ץģðôץǶץסˡ
ȫǿݣ˿ŶǱվİ꣬ȴЩ˫ȷͷܵĳ嶯
ôܻ뵽˵ץ̽ӣôߵأǿʵ̽
һ¶ߵ㷢һаȵؿǣȴЦոոԱŵĻᣬȴǸһѣڱﲻˣãɣǺǺǡ
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һ޶ؾ죬׿ڵĳҲڲϲѣλ͸ӣź𶯣ɾ治֪ʲô飬ôĶ
ĸϻڷ쭣ʳǵ£·бϣ׿˫΢գһȻ֮ɫֻ΢΢Ļȣȴ˵Ĺȡ
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кŰѩִ꣬¾ǰһ࣬棬˵Եá
ҷֹͣߺߣһ̼֣Ҳ䣡
Դ׿ϢȻԾһ׽̽ӵĹ͸̰һһñ˶ߡ
֪С˼ȫ׿ƵУ׿ṩ鱨Լɽ󣬽ʱʲô⣬Ҳò׼׿İѱֻԼưͿ
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ǲִҲȫˣԣǺַܿӦ૳ʮڻ꾳һûˣɲýĹסˣҪѰԮϣԣϡ
߽һ㣬ִһ֣һ߾ʧȥģ겻ᡭ
һӺһ侫µķڣһ׷еڴϣԱǲִ¹
ִ£̴˹ߵ壬ʮ֣Լе𣬲ҵģ
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˲ͷ亹ִ²ЦһֻǾץ̽Ӷѣʵò߶ųϴˡȻˣܰ£Ҳϵ쵼²ΪŽ˹ĸ̰ûΪأǺǺǡ
ţ˵õƯ¶ȴ̫ˡô̯ӣϷʰ
ЦһؾâһͷĲִ£ĵԷһնɱʮڻ֣ǹԪǿߡˣȥټʮԪ־ٳؽҵ£Ҫġ̽ôܵô̽ʲôǣ
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һȣ˱Ȼ뿪ˡ
ţϲִֿ£ЦСܰǷһ飬Ҫ֪³ç£Ե޹ʮڻ֣㽫ʮҲѳְиˣҲûʲôˡĻʧôȴ޴繦ɾͳԲ˶ˣ
лϳ¸жڻһĶģæԴִһЦķӭȴһŭ¿ɺãֵĹͷˣһ飬ǲ̵ġ
ǸǮǺ˰ṩʲô鱨һ㶼׼ߣ
ִи̣ȴ˵ڣ뼷һЦװ࣬غܡϾһţǸĸһ㣬١
Ǻܿ죬ԽҲûˣΪץĻаȻյĿͷ
̤̤̤
һ󼱴ٵĸO@ʱ𣬵һ죬һԪ˿ǵŶ룬˽˵ɫǱ־塣
ϣ²ˣȥʮԪǿߣҲȫȫûˡ
ʲô
̲ͫסһϲʱһ˲ɵˡ


989 
˺óһ䣬ƺûлعӦʱȴǽӲԴһԵĲִ£Ƥһ飬ɫ˵ƣ˵СܰȷǸ̽ӣ
Ӧðɡ
Ӧƨ
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ƿڴִҲǷίƤһ¸Ǳ֡
ֲֵ̽ģʵǸǮʮڻ꾳߾ܽܣҲûϡ
˭֪⾹ǸӲ磬ǰʮڻȫûҲͰˣȥʮԪ֣Ҳһ
أԽԽǶ˿ǲסˣԮɣ
صԴ˵ǲִֻǸִ¶ѣôˣȻ죬ֻƾá
ȴȹϵϰ㣬ֱţѲ˼ŭηηĲִ£ʱ˿ȴҲ˲Թ֮ҪϲǣʮԪǿߣɲܰװûȥ
˼ãһţسȥҧ
֮ɫִ²ҵæȥ
һĹһǵ뵵ķڣһİ׷ˣüͷأòͣнǾ֮ɫгʲôԿģʧôǴ˵ʵ˵ã
ǰһ㣬ɲֹ̽ô򵥣
ߣоâ˸˸һͷʦӣıߵʵͻȻڱݴأһ˵ʧ˲ֻҪ£ǾǱĹһˡǱߣڣЩǰҲһ¶°Ǳʮ󹩷֮һֻҪ£Դ˹ѫܽǰ֮а
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䲻ʵ۷֮УöԸź룬üͷһֱţȴɲɼƽʱһһСС΢֮ˡ
˴˶һۣϼƻνصġֻһԪ۷ѣЭͬʮλ۷徳֣ΧסֵͬΪʵʮһûвʤ֮ʱֻҪԱһӦǣ
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ٴϸϸ˼ǿ궯Ĳӵɻһ˿س˲һ۷֣ݾŽοҪ
ǣ£ЦŰ˰֣ÿɷҡԴǶˣǾŽĻ˹ͷ¶棬׺һ̶Ӻƻ±ŷ֣Ӧȫ֮ɲǾŽǿ֮еģȥ׹ɣ̫ģ
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ţȥһ֣ݶΪŽҵߣ
ţһ˦۷̤Ŷȥ϶ع£ȵף쿪ʤ׹
ûлػæԶȥӰȫʧʱ϶˲Żֱ˴˶һۣεãֵĹͳȥˣ
ǰǰæԴִͬС
ԣȴɫһʱžһָĶ⣺Ǹƨ²Ķߣȥſ׼ӭɣ
ϣȥӭ
ϻݹ㲻մˣ⣬ܵúɣô˵鱨ҲṩĲǣ
üͷ΢΢һЩɸֵسһۣ涼¶Ȳˣȫ϶Ͷ̣ӻأߣ
һ˦䣬ϵʱ뿪ִ³ΣǻȻ򣬸æƨߵ߸ϡ
԰ô㣬ܵúȵɣǺǺǡ
ǺҪϼһðѩſڣϺ磬ôվţֻʮλ߸迭ǻһմմѫϲ
ǺȻ鲢Ԥǰ㣬ΪߵĿɲһ壬ӲӲĸְˡ
ʱŽ紦˵һռ䲨϶˼ˣʱǰһҪǰӭӡ
ǣ৵һһӰһϤȴǵʱǰ²ȥץǺˣ
Ǵʱ˿̣ȴ˸߲ң쿪ʤͷ棬һǱ·Ǵ˰̵ʿƵģŻӻģ
ǡ
龰϶˸æӭϣһˡץ𡭡
žž
Ȼǿڣһ̲סһ˦ƣϺ޺˦汯ߣãǻˣǲڣһĶ֣һĶѰԷͷ㲻͸ϷȥץˣǡϷĶˡ
Ǻ⣬òҲû취üͷɵһϵʱһ´󺧡
ǣ£¡һ죬ſεĽ磬Ǻݺݲһȫ鿪
ǽ֮һĮŮӣȴǵʱֳӰϽһƬŭ֮ɫҧгݣ
Ȼ׷ˣʱһ£æ·ʲô̼㣬ŮӶӡ
ˢˢˢ
ʱǧƿʱ𣬲һĹ򣬺ȫǵʱǿǵŮѹȥɱ֮ɫ
Ůȴ΢㣬˿⣬ֻһ˫ڶŲηһǳɱ⡣
̤̤̤
һĲһçݸߵǰݺݶŮӣºƣˣһŽ磬𣿡
ߺߣƣ
ǻһĻȣŮһЦȻ˵úġСг׷Сӵ̶Ӻö˶˵ģаëǮϵƫƫҪĳ谭̣һĴνˡӬһ㣬ûûˣǲӷ̶ӷˡɴӬѣһ˰ˣʡ鷳
üͷ̲סؿһۣȴЦҺڣôĿΪԼʲô˰ţƤˣ˳Ц
һΧ˽̲סЦŮӵ֮ɫֻƺ֪࣬һز߶²Ҷ


990 
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ǻһаȵĻȣŮתһǸȻһۣЦ֪ʲôˣȻ͸谭£˻治˰ô͸Ķˣǡݽǵ۹꽣Ҳ
ʲôŽ
̲ͫסһڳ˵ʱȫһŵؿǰ꣬ȫֱ
Ϻǲִ¾͸ɵˣô뵽һֱΪ̽ӣǾŽĸ֣ѹȥȫһͿ
Ž㻹Ҫʲô³
Žϸ˵ȷ㣬Ǵ󵽲ٴĴ㡣ؼǣ㣬ȫֶԲ°
Ƥ̲סݺݳ˳飬Ʋɹһѵ˿ĭҲһ㷣ŭؿˣģ˭ѾŽģվ
ί֮ɫƵվ޳ˡ
ޡϼһﰡ³һƺ޵ҧгݣ˫ȭ̲ס߬𣬾뵱
Ǻܿ죬·ֵ˹æȭȵҰǡ
˵ţ͵һתͷֿϣžһ˦һİƣ˭ѾŽģô౾ֵܣ
ҡ
Ҳ̲ס˶ίȻ͵һתһƵĲִ£䣬žһһʺӡĶЩԪڻֵܣȫǱ㺦ģ˭ȥǾŽģ
ɬִ±ö޳ˣ鱨治ңǮҵǮ
ִתһץ򣬵ǿϧ׿һԶ߸߷ɣ׾ʣˣץץˣֻԼţֻ¶һɥˣ͵ҲǮǹµ߱ȥץ̽ӵģ˭֪ǾŽ
Ķûв֤ݣ;˵Ļţֱϧߣ
ݺһҧƲһȻæ꣬꽣ȫᣬ⼸ҥ£ҪҪáݺͱδսҲֻսδȫ˺ǲƼݱ𴦣˴ҵĺ
ǻһаЦݣ겻Цǳƣ֣˫Ҫսˣ㻹̸Ӻζ
ǺǺǡÿ˫֮ìܣǺǣͷŷͷôǲñ߹ĶѣûʲôԹ
ҷϣ
ѻ˵꣬оâһΪڣ˴ȻֻŶܣûһ㻤֮ģӭ֮£Сһվ磬ڱǰءţȴû˿ǣҪڱأʲôôߣûʲôˡȻˣ汱£һЩˣ˵´ټŷ죬лأǺǺǡ
粻ɫҧгݣô˵Ļǲòˣ
Ϊأߺߡ
ãȻˣҺã˵ȥˣ
۾΢΢һУƺݺһҧȳ֪꣬ǾŽСһ֮ôҲٹԪǿߣ۷徳Ǽ֮ƾһˣҪһڣδؾֵʲôô˵ˣҲǸԪ۷ѣ
üͷһؿһۣȴЦôǺãԿ
ɫһ䣬һѩأһ£ȫֹסˡһ̣˺һ㣬ɫ磬ɣâ˺ѵءÿһɹ񷣬·Ҫһ㡣
ʱ䣬Ƿѩ磬һɫĿռ䣬ÿһÿһ䣬ɫâ߳ơ
ɫâһУأȫΪ˻ҷɡ·Ȼȫףûӵóġ
龰˲ʱ󺧣ͷϵ亹ٲ
ȫ֣һŮӵǰȴ·һ㣬ƾᣬû˿֮
һȫƴţȥԪּˣҲϣһ֮ģȫ
أյâкϵԪײ¡죬쳹֮䣬ȴް޵һ㣡
׿ĳããѩϱۣͷյǸ澰ۿɼռ䶼ڲ˵вǾ֮ɫ𺧲ѡ
׿Ҳеͨڣۿһʱص쾰в⻮һ˿ͷ
Ԫ֣ƿ֮Ԫ֮ײƿضѡڣ굥ƾһִ֮Ʋ񷣬ѹڵĸ͸ˡŽ֮Ȼ鴫
ԣҲ΢΢ͷࡣһѹһڣŽʵȻ̬úģ

Ȼ˾ǿʵڼ۱ߵ޳ݣȴǺ˻һͣ
Ҳһζû֮ͣ˦ȥ
⳵ȫˣһƿ쿴ȴǵʱͫһæ׿׿桭
ôǺǺǡ
΢΢һ̣׿·Ȼ֪ʲô㣬ȫΪ⣬󻺻ƿӣǰȥȴһʮ˵վнĵ·ϡΪ֮Ǹųµĸߣʮʮֹ˳վ棬ü˳ۣɫƽ
üͷһλһɻʲôˣҪʲô
Ҫȵˣҵģ
ȸ³׿˿ңңˣؾâһܽ𣬰죬ڼˣ
ʲô
̲ͫסһ˲ʱ󾪣Ͻ֮ɫ
ݵһ֣ܽ𣬰죿ôأȥ·Ǻ⣿
Ǿ֮ɫеЩţ׿Цһָָһ֮أĵǿĵؽΣ
ԣ˲̧ȥȴһɫر㽩סˡ
ֻԺ￪ʼһֱٹǰâѿգɣΨ֮һƬƽ˾˿ܸš
ֻһ֮ؽ磬һӿȣκˣһƽƺӣ죡
֮£Ҳֻа죬ѹƵסƣ֮ܵ˿Űɣ
ؿһ񷣬׿ЦһȸС֣˾ĿУȥƽȻ
죬ҲǶؿһԣֻ
ৣ
ǣʱһУһӰȴʱ׿ݺݳȥǿҵɱֱ׿š


991 ٲ
׸߼似콣
Ǹڻؾ꣬ĿᶨƱˣֻһ֣ȻóԼ似ȫԸ
Ŀ꣬ڱ濴ȥֻվص׿
龰̶˲ɵʱһг
ǰȴʮƽôվţһУû˿ƺǰҵǿȫƵġ
Ƿһڻ꾳˵۸һվôŲ̨ϵ£ʤˣҲֻԼѡ
գΪǿİңȴڵǰȻôֻһ̽
Ҫ̽ħɽӵķ̽ħɽķĶ֡վʵڻ꾳һ»ô콫ħɽһɵеĶ֡
ͽ죬ʦԲԲ٣
ǣ׿˿ûӱֻ֤֮ħɽһ˶ûʲô˵ġ˵׿Ǽٵģ֮ͽ
ˣߵڼƭˣҲǻã
Դ˴˶֣ҵû˿ҲֹôţŲԽ
׿Ҳȫһ㣬ֻǹŵȻĻȣ˿Ϊ⣬ȸҲƽһ㣬ɲȻԵõţ·ʲô¶ûһ㡣
ڣһžâ֮ƣ˺ѵأ֮ǰǴƲĽָȻüĴʱ׿ȴ΢Цÿɷ񣬷·ûüӦⱼһƵġ
龰Ƥ΢۵¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ
˵еħɽҲˣӡͨ졭
ݣ
ȻһЩͳʱȴͻǰ޿ƥеһ׿ȷûκζߵȴǶˡ
ħɽ׵ͼ似צ
һΪ۵쳹˶ߣǰһӵһո׿üĴǿĽȻ̵ĶͷЩʹһֻɫâӿצȴǵʱб·һشܳ
ţûüӦǰݺһץȻǽָץƫûл׿ͷǿӣڿתȦһ׹ϣ鳾̡
̳ɢȥӳģȴͫһ̲ס´󾪡
̶ֻЩǣ½ȸ֣Ҳͫݺһɵȫˡ
ֻʱ˿̣ҵĻӱ˺ݺڵϳŵģǸո׿ֱǣŵǸСŮɡ۵ƣʱҲݺݵץǻӱľ׵ɫâǿʵʸ͵ָצͣ͸ڣȴȫһԣ궼Ѿ𵴲ȫʧȥս
ǰһĻ˶ɵˣһԸĲܽҲһǾ֮ɫ
ȻǰСʵδǶҲֻ갡;˲佫ǰһڻظ˲£ʵҲ̫˰ɡ
һ˼ң͵СƻûءǰҪϸѵϹǾһЩ͵ģҲѡ
Сʲôֱӽڻָ˲ϢˣҲ̫̬ˣѵħɽ
Ҫ˵Ļǰ壬ʲôǿ壡ħɽĵӱֱ͸ûʲôô
һʱ䣬ֳ˿˿ã֮ɫǧһ˵Ǻ㷣Լʵĵ׵ɡ
֮Լǲ

һҽдǴϴλȸ׵ѹ£ͷ󺺣ʹ衣һʼҧţΪڿųһ棬һʮַŭԼ˰ҵˡ
ǣ׵İԵȴҸǰ콣ˣ壬ʹӼٱֹ
ˣûٹȻ̲ס˻вϡ
˼ˣüͷһ΢΢˶֮⣬ûȴ˭Ҷֺ
ȸȴһЦԴҸ׶֣ڱСٺ١
˵ţȸµ֣ǻӱ˺ѷεʹ
ȸ
ʱ׿Ƴһۣ
һȸһۣ΢΢ͷһ֣ſˣһǣף
Ȼ㾶Իص׿ߣֻλո͵ϮδɵĻӣ廹ʹҪȴǲɵٴһֵˤ˸ࡣ
ȸһԿòЦȴɫȥˣʾһ°ףȥﶪۣ
󣬰ֽض׿еر˱ȭħɽжţһȻ鴫Сﶼʵɽɲˣ
˹ˣҵľҲ¹Ŀ࿴벻֮ⷲأ˾似棬ǸոСŮּʱĻԴҪˣ
˵ţ׿ȴǺת׿ȸ߳ȸոл̫ˣ㿴Ϊӡߣȥ
΢΢죬ȸһݣ޿κεǣף
Ƥ̲סһ飬첻ЩŭС˵ĺǰڹάҵ似תɽѵŮˣᣬǡ
һСŮ֣ܽǰҵӵһоƽ⣬㻹ȥټӰѾⲻǳķ
Сӣ¶ϷǰԱ˵ģ벻䵽Լͷϣǲٵ
һƣֹסذŭϧûа취һҲ
Ͼǰǿ㰮ô˶ν˼Ҵ򲻹㣬Ҳ㡣ڲһˣħɽһǿĵطǳȴǲġ
Ȼ޵һӣһӣλܽ𣬻ûеĿ˵ĵز˼еĵ׵ġ
ңһ⶯ŭԵɣ׿ˣ
ˣҲףǰ̽ڵ̽˶ΪƽȻ
һʼΪǿߵǣ˼ǵȴЩˣҲĲŽϷ򰡣
ϾħɽһӶʵǴǺε˵ãϵأ
һ뵽òܽ𣬰Ķͷĵ亹ɫҲǼΪ
ϸ˼ְСƴǷ֣ħɽ治Ǹǵĵطܽ˶ܹԣѵ۹ֻһʱʹ졣
ô˵ʲôֻҪ֣ûеòģ۹Ҳһ
ΨħɽЩɵˡ·طս񻰵ķسһ㡭
üͷţϾس֮ɫ׵˼ˣҲ̲סһǻǵһμڣѶϵʱ
ֻ׿Ƴһۣ°һЦ³һ
ȸ֣ϼһĿģڴﵽˡԺúƽȡǲƽȵ̸̸ˡ
֮α֮УɲһȺç˻ҵĺ£ߡ


992 ŭ
ħɽ»൱ϽոһУϷ൱ˣ벻Ͽ
׿ѵԼŮؿã˵ǹ۲ãֵЦϡ
Ȼذ˰֣׿΢΢һÿɷ񣺡˼Цˣͯδһһʽùҹ⻹©ǲС̣ܽͶƷԣɶһûУ׷ͬ
ôСħɽһͬ
΢΢һ飬첻һݣһҲüͷͶ˫֮Ǽɵ֮ɫ
ħɽĹģж󰡣ѵСǳ
һˣڳˣλڣðźһŻ壬һ̥漣һһǾǳѣµѣ
Ҳ˵ֻһܽ𣬵ħɽԣȴ֪жٲˡܶˣҲѰٳΪˡ
üͷ𣬲ܽ׿Խǽ̸ԽľҲԽ뽻̸̽ȥŬԼ¶һЦֵþƽ
̬ȴȻƽʱôԣǫ֮ɫ
ħɽ˲żüãϷ
ر˱ȭض׿ţоâһֻǲ֪γƺ˴ݸأΪأ
̧ƳƳ׿ҲǹһƽЦ˹ˣǰȻ꽣棬䣬ǮҲѾ˴ݵĿģǺǺǡԸûκγͻ˷ıǣ
ħɽȴ˲ǮҹһְͻҲδɣϷܾţ
۾΢΢һУ쵭Ŀģ˵Ϸܷģǳ֮˶ϾħɽݣϷ򲻵ò
˵ţǳ׿һرȭǴȴҲǼᶨΪϷɣĪҪҲʲôǣ
ħɽûã֮£к͵ģ
Цһ׿ɵȻ͸ɲ֮УĵԹǵ£ֻҪǣǾˮˮǣ
£׿΢һͷȸתȥ׼뿪ˣ
ʱȴȻٴһȭǿ𶯲һ̶̶Щڻֶֹסס˶䣬ĳ͸Щǣ˻ϣŵʮ׳Ĵȶˣһ¾͹ɪɪ
΢΢һͣ׿ûأֹͣһ䣬ĳˣǺ⣿
ûʲô˼ֻ˵ǰĿģ˫ʲôᣬ⣿ϷҪ̽㣬ҲΪҿǰ
ض׿ıӰһֱڿķӦ
һΣȷʵҪ̽ħɽеĿĲǣǵУֻǸ·ˣǰ̽ǡؼʱ̣ͻȻһǿг֣Լֲ񲻹һ
ô꣬α书һۣڱصõĲܽ𣬿ɲ©ϸСĲ
ٴ̽׿ǳˡ˵СľҲĶȥۼʶһиףԽٴħɽˣǲһ
ˣ˴һȭƸͰԵʯ쾪ȴǸдᣬ룬˵ƺ˼
ϾǽϹȻǵļƻеģ
΢΢׿ͷҲԣԵȷûеġϾ£ħɽҲԸ˴šǺǺǡˣģĿݴأǲһǵĿֻһ
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̲ͫסһֹ죬ĽҲǲɵôһΪ֪ݵһ֣ŷ죬ʵ൱ݾŽĴڣڱ£һغ϶߲ɼǿƣǰϣҲ࿹
˵λܽδǺ֣ͨŷһսиȶˡŽʵ˵죬ܸУʮڲܣڱ£ȴһδֱӰǿ⣬˵жʮ
һУ͹УȻֻǸֶѣмҲеĲˣȴ֮
ΪþŽУǲܽĵߣҪв࣬ȴѱȵ졣ǺȴþŽһУȴɲ⣡
ϾһУǿʼҲǽһ꺢ͯҲһжѣҲһУվҲһУŽһУ˵ܽϣҲһжѡ
һ޾һУ̽ǳܽȻǳ˾ͷ
˴ǰҲ뺣һսԼĲ࣬Ƿо֮Ƿв֮ء
ڣ׿ȻֱӾ˵ǵĿǺˣȴλֹܽס´󾪣ȴǵʱ˷磬ʵĿǺʲô
շ
ţ˰׿ԥؾͳһĻԣϻһ˿ûУ˵һȴڳ˶뵹һһŵؿþûز
ǲܽ𣬸ǲ˼շҪ֪ŷܱĹƾʲôշ
ƾʲô
ǲ΢΢һ̣׿оâһЦƾħɽ
һ䣬׿ȸּ򳵼Ǳ߻أȴòܽ𳹵׾ˣ
ħɽͣշ׹֣Ȼ˵øԷˮһеѵħɽѾǿ˵زˣ
ֹͫסزţܽ˫ݶǲ֮ɫ˫ȭҲ߬شȵȣ
֨
һͣ׿ٴͣӰת׿ȥŲܽǷŭӣȴЦô˻кδͽ̣
ײп񱩣˽֪Ϸ಻Էâ
۾ɵзһߣڣǿֹסɢնâ֣ɽȴԺһ£˲мһˣƺֵһ㡣ϷͬдܣȹϷһأȥǺΣ
䣬һը죬ر㻯ΪһƬɫգâ˸Уϵɱֹסس𣬵ʱ㽫ռ䶼𶯵زƺضΪ֮ҪƵġ
ǰǰӪɫռ䣬գ֮䣬ʧɫɡܽڳ֣Ʋɵ
أȻһףŽҲԷֺ
ݵһ֣ܽĿʵ
龰˲󺧣׵˸ǸæӣⱻǣУһ֮ɫҪ˰
̶ˣŵηη굽ףͷ£ҳʮֻޣǽ˫ۣһţҿˡ
ֻ׿Ůˣۼ֮ɫȴƽ糣ֻ˫֮ȴţ·ڿһ˰㣬ضŶĲܽ𣬲ԡ


993 ˮˮ
ǰ浭ĮӰȻŭɶԳ˲ս֮Ī֮ܵдڡ
ǣ׿˿⸱ݵӣȴǾôվţûκξº;֮ɫǱĮŵⲻȻŭЩ̹ǵı
ʲô˼ѵϷʵһ㲻ΪȻ𣿻˵壬ϷΣ
һˣ챾ʮּᶨЩ
˼
Ȼʱ׿ǵĮȴٴ𣬱飺Ǵ˴ηʦշȥɽſãǣ֮£ҲԸκִǽ˿֮УȴǺѰ죡
Ƥ̲סһ첻´󾪡
ʲôѱջȥΪ˿ţ
ǻף׿ٴδţ˰شſԵǽִ£ǲĨһˣȷ˴˳
Ĩ
üͷ̲סһԣٴμ˿֮ģЦôĿħɽǿ֣ҰҲǳصġǰĶǰҵǿߣôĨ
˿׿ضȴ̾˿ҡҡͷʧ֮ɫ֪ߵغ񣬱Ϊվڷ׶˵е֪֮ȴ˭֪ɲ֪죬˵ĵ˿
ħɽҪĨˣȻһܲˡˣҲһҶԳ֣δذܣҲףΨжüʦǰˡֻǡԭԤģϣʵ˷˵㡣ߺߣûа취ɻ
˵ţ׿ǻ̧һ֣ҫ۵ĹâֲϢҲֹסشɢƺҪóʲôصһ㡣
ͫɵúݺһ㷲ͷҲеϸܵĺˮ
ǲ֪ħɽʵδ֪µģǿ׿һƵᣬʵмɫ뵽СĿֲʵ
λһɱݶϵĲܽƽͷһ˺֮ġ
Լոʵ̫嶯ˣǴʲôε˱ôضʮֲֿҪԸҲ׾ٵ顣
˵ǣһˣδؾǲܵ¡
һˣͷϵ亹ĸˣ׵һˣҲһصؿǰӲţ΢΢
ҲǾŽڳ˲ܽ⣬ͷһζ¶˼ɵ֮ɫɡ
ܽ𣬰졭ܸʶ㣬ǡˡţ׿ǽָ˽ӲӵĹâȶ죬˿ֲϢ
ͫݺһæڰ֣ȵȣ
ô˻кҪ
ոһֱ˵׶壬ѵ˵йԪ֮ϵľ粻ɣƤһֱţһؿ૵
ǻһ΢Ц׿΢΢˵ͷȻʥ鷲ֻطʱԪǷװˡͻƹԪܳףﵽƿؿռ֮ƣ˥֡ٽ٣򲻻ϲǸոս˳ʥżﵽСɡ˵޵۾ͬ٣𡣵Ȼˣﵽһģëǣɾͼ򱶲ֹˣ
ʲôȻ˸ߵ⾳ֹסһ첻ɴһЩҲǲɵɫһš
Цһ׿ɫȻˣʲôҪʵûеĻɣ
ٵȵȣ
˰֣ȻһܣŵĲ궯֮̽ɫħɽһʲôĵطгԽ׵𣿡
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ񣺡ɽŻܣˡ档Ȼǿ˵Ļˡ
ضݣ׿ǼЦ֮ɫ
ɲƺЩջǳ̾һƣҡҡԴ
ԼҴˣ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿±۰򣬽ָеĿֲϢҲʱһЦһҪѵģԼ̽ʱ򣬿ҪһˣЩط̽Щط̽áⱱѷǷ֮ԽΪ
ضã첻ǳңңһݵлѣϷġֻϷΪ콣ȴǲǺˡϷ򽣵뷲֮գҪȥݻһħɽġֻǲ֪ɷңɽţݻɽ
һԵɣ
΢΢һЦ׿ħɽɽɽޣ²С´ν˻ħɽӵĻҲԵһɽأ
˼ɫȻЩʧ䣬΢΢˵Դ֣һȭħɽɽӦòɣοոҲ˵ԼΪǺǾˮˮ𣿡
һ뿴˰һۣ²һݣȴǵԴ
ΪѾ֣һԼһ󣬴½ǿĲܽҪǰǾԲܷġ
죬µӣεȿ֮ˣ
ڡħɽ̫ǿȻѾ˳ʥ֮ˣ𽵹һԼҲͲˣ
ǵȻ
ǻȻЦݣ׿΢΢ͷһƬȻħɽһ͵档α˽ϣҲԸ󶯸ɸ꣬ǡħɽϾһţ̫â¶ֻҪ²ǣҲˣ
ԣ쳤һǷ
ˣ𣿡
Ŷ룡
ĿĴɣ׿ЦһʵǸæһһƣǹ
һĻڳ˲ȫɵˡǺڣǫӣҲֻħɽǰˡ
ৣ
ȻڴʱһɫٻӰȴǵʱǰȴ꽣ɡ
׿棬ȴǻ﷢ʲôȴǵʱаЦһһָ׿вСӣΪƾһھܾ𣿺ߺߣ룡ڹ̾ͽһ˵ȫ𣬿ô죿
˵ţҪٴζ֣
ס֣
ǣһȴת׿ȥ˲Ǳˣڰɡ
һһԵӣæڣ˾Գħɽӵļ黫СӣոڶŭˣԸˣڳ±ɣ
˵ţ̧һָҪû˽˽׿
ǻû֣һԼأȻݺݵ˳ȥڿб۵һ³һѪƮѩ֮С


994 ͬ
ۣ
ˤѩϣֹסؾһ£̧ͷȥȴĮݺݶ֮ɫ
ڣΪΣ
ãһؿзɻ󡣰һȴһ̾æǰ׼
ǣǱȴٴ𣺡ף˭ȥģ
Ӳһͣ׵ʱͣ˶һ̾˸ɫҡҡԴ㰧ֻ̾صԼλϡ
ƲһˣСӴʱڵǲõܶأ
˵ˣԴӸոռʶǽָеĿֲϢǶ۶ϣЩ˭ָСأ
ɲ⣬ɶ
˵һȷĴ𰸣Ψոʲô֪һԴԻȴǲ֪ô£
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ӰǰѲΣ׿ȴЦһǰһֵֻ⣬˲㣬ҲһǺǺǡ
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ݺһ˦֣ʱ׿͵ش򿪣Ĺĵضߺ޵߿
꣡
üͷһݺݵһۣŭ˼Ǯĺ⣬㻹ҰʲôʱôʶǵĶԱǲǣ
˵꣬׿ȭĪҪ⣬ƢʵӲĺܣˣ
ĻŽôûƢ𣿹
Цһ׿ƣÿɷرȭˣȻûʲôˣ˫ѾԼ¾ʹ˱
˵ţ׿ȸٴҪߡ
תת°ٰ˼ãȴشһȵȣոǲΪʲôϷʵϰң£ҲֲǰˣΣ
ʲôҡڡ
ɴʧɫ꿴˿׿Ǳߣֿǲ밧󡣰׵Ҳһݣ¶ŵɫ
ڴ⣬ΪΣ
΢΢һͣ׿׼ټϳ̵ͣ£ת죬оâ˸˸ȴ¶һȻЦݣ˵ĺ⣬ˣ¶жˣͻȻ㣬Щϰ߰ҡýߣЩί˰ɣ
ĪҪƴǣϷһƬ⣡
΢΢˰֣֣س꽣ʵ鷳ģʱ鷳ҲɲᡣԼչ˲ԼĻϷҲ͵ûˡݡǺǺǣϷҪúܣĪҪܾϷһƬ֮ģ
üͷһ׿Щسðɡ
ܾʵ̫Ϸˡ
װһŭ첻һոѾЭ飬ţܾϷ⣬ͬڲϷӣǶϷơʱʲôأĪϷСǼˡϷȻ񽣣һԹˣһЩԻٳǵ£ġֻϷԣҲôҪʦ
ؿһۣ׿ȴǲʧЦҡҡͷ⻹ǹǿӲģǷǽӲˣҪȻܸۣѡҵĵˣ
Ϸ˼һԴܽһȥˡ
Цŵͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ðɣȻˣͬǡˣϳ·꽣ںһֱţ

أ˵Ӷ̲סһȫסˡ
һãؿ֪ʲô˼ΪҪԼ
ǣüͷһ壬˼֮ɫǻõģƵľЩ̶ӻˣһ뵽ȫҪɱ˲գ۵꽣ͨУǱһмţϦ
ûǵķӦ׿ϳ໤Ҳæȥ׼̣ؿ˰һۣȻŸʲôϽǮǰȥסһ·ҪǮţ¡ĻϷĲ㣬ûУ
ƤֹסزЩسôԼö˶˵ؾʹ׷ɱߣɸأ
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Ǻܾļ尾͵һȭǣڣ
䣬أ˳ݣȻһ˻Ǵﳤȥѩ֮С
ǳݽʧӰӣ׻ߣһɻڣΪҪǿߣʲô𣿡
뿴ħɽʲôһĿ꣬ħɽ˰ɣʱ̫ӴһЦ
΢΢˵Դ죬һ̫Ӵϻۣ˽ϷԸϷţǿߣټȣǿ߸ҶˡۿϾҪһͳϷΨȸߣսããϷٽ
û뵽ʱһµĿˣţħɽң侹󾳽ͻơһˣϷԽźǰôǻķˡߣΪģҲҪħɽ뿴ǵͣϷ򾿾жٲѡ
ϷٴεǶ֮գħɽǾİһս¡ۺʱۺεأϷҪĲܽ𣡡
оâһ˵İ˫ȭ߬
һ棬ѩ죬󳵼۶ʮͷޣڱУŲ԰׵Ϣ˪ǽ䣬Ҳδů紺⣡
һ̶ӻڳд۵Сۣţȴûһ˸ҴһضǣǹЦȴ۵Ĳм֮ɫ
ǮҷϢٸŪŵı
ģ׿̧׿һۣһ˲һ죺Ҫ
ǰ˼Ҫһ·ģǰڻãԱܶǱ֮ڣܵýȥɣ
̧Ƴһ䵭İһۣ׿ֿˣЦûиݣȥ˻˼ʬˣ˵ǽڽפģҲǽĸ֣ǺǺǡ
ԣ˻࿴˿һüҲ˵Ҫһ·
Ҫ
Ȼǻ£ɲһ𡣼㵽ǺڣҲа취Ǳȥˣ
ؿ׿ͷ£Ǹҵģҵ
ߣģʲôЦ
͹ȥ߲ܽҪūšҪˣ̺ɣһ㶣׿ƿڴ
һ˽Ǻȫ㷡ȻǲǺ׿ŭǾ׿ŮħͷŭĽòѾֱһŭ֮£ȫɱ˰ɣǿɾ̫ԩˣ
ǺȻ׿ȴס˰ߡ
粻ãݺݶ׿ţҧгݣȴ̾һ޺޵㰮ôôɣˣߣ
ԣ׿һ̣ȴ¶Ļȡ


995 
һؾ
ѩƮƮݱ𵴣ڵȴ쳣ѹ֡Դλ꽣ݹٺƺ类èŵ㣬ΡΡ˿̫Ƶģһſ͵ͨ졣
ɰȴûһƺһж޹ƵģֻǹһЦݣһмƳÿһˣ׿ǲмдʹޣһã
ЩˣΪʲôأ
ܽǼǱˣ¶ټڵЩҲû׷Ůħͷˣһаã
̧״Ӵһƽѩ棬׿ɳ³һĳ
üͷ̲סһݺݵһۣȴûгźͺӣ껹Աأ͸ôĿŵŮħͷʵдĻߺߡ
˫ȭ߬øֱ죬һҧˣȴǿѹԼķŭñߡ
׿ɲΪ⣬ؼǸ˸棬ͨ˸˫˾ˮˮЭ顣˵ϼһܲصǿа˸ӣҲ˴šǴ˴жаӦûôħɽΪУҾ͵ùҹɡλͻȻ˸Щƨɣʲô⣡
ͷϵٲԽԽӿ˲ͣŶͷ͸ɫȫһƬƣ޳ˡ
磬Щ˽̸ֵ𣿷Ҫ˼ҵⲻô˼ҺôǽҪǻҪأ

Ȼ׿ǹķ£ҲסˣݺһڳϣʱҵҡһΣѣһؿ׿Ǯģôߣ̿ɲǺǵ
Ȼһڳ˼Ůħͷ̲סˣ뺧һ
ǺǺǡǰҪǺǵģͲǽˣ
ǣ׿ȴɲΪ⣬ֻһֻۣǴʱ˿̣ҵ°£ȴٲǣҲøţڵķԸ߿ģô޹ڵֶҿǼģΪǽ͡Ǻǡ
ضаЦݣ˫ȭգɲسòһҧ޺޵ڸҵҶ֪ѵ֪
ȻҲ֪
ʲô֪
ǰҶ֪һ̣׿¶Цݣⲻðɻ󡣴Ҷ֪ôҲ֪
ЦƲƲ죬׿һ£ڰŪԼǸӥߵȸһۣȸϼһʲô
ݺݵصһۣ°ŭȴҲ˲׷ֻǽȸʡ
ǰ˲Ƕմ
η۶ȸƺЩ˴ˣոͷӲ˵ô£ⲻô
ǰⲻմ׿Ҳ˳һƲ꣬Ц
ˣȻηҲ̲ס۵һЦڵĽյʱࡣ
Ƥһ飬ͨ죬৵һ¾ץס׿죬ˣҡ
עУҺҶֵģڼûֹɳԲ𰡣
ۻֱ׿Ц
θЩˣھͺ޲һƱ׿Ѿģһ뵽ڵķԸ껹޺һ׿Լһֻ۾ģ޵ĳ嶯
֮꣬ŮСһ˳˳ˮûҵ飬Ρ治֪ôģ
бƳһۣ׿ÿɷЦЦֿ˵ȵ꽣壬ôģҲʲôƽһԳıɡЩĿĲͬʲôͻνġ
ԣ˿׿һֿۣһĬĬİ꣬΢΢˵Դ¶׿޷֡
λүƾ˲ܽ𣬽Ž˵á
Ǻ˶԰ηҲ˲٣ҲǢ࣡
ʱȥԸ꽣֮ǰȥڵļƻЩ鷳֪δʱһλ˵
ÿɷһЦ׿˿Ϊ⣺ؽţʱֻǸ˸ӶѣδĶǳûƾʵݣֻƾκβǣ
ʲôЩ̵ģһ㶣ʱתԴע׿δɵ档
ʧЦŵ˵ͷ׿ҲȫгǰһֱǺ׺ŸƻҲ鷳Щ˷Ÿ磬һһսȻ춯أôҲˣػҲڿϲشɻŵЭϾ˵ǲܽ㿪ɱ䣬ô˵Ҳнֳ̫󶯾չ鲻ã۸һڴսȻǿע⡣
ԣҸұ֤ĻصߵĻ˵һϵе𷣵㰤ءɱɲûڶȵԡǿߵĿⶼۼݴеһܱʡֻǲ֪϶ĸԣ˭ãȻߣ²˰ɣǺǺǡ
˵ôҰ²
һ׿ЦܿЩɻļƻңѵһȥڣ
ҡҡԴ׿¶һĵЦݣҲ˵²Ȼô򵥵ⶼ벻סƵĲ㡣һ㣬һֱڿţ֪ˡΪֳôĶ֪ˣ˲òҼ棬Ϊǿˣû̸ˡôˣ֪飬ٻȥͼӴһ飬δأǺǺǡ˵Ƥްͦؿڵģٺٺ١
Ƥͣزţ죬޺޵Ťͷȥҧгݣ૳ǰﾭγһƻᣡ
һ̣׿ÿɷֻǼڳУ˫ȴǽŰ겻ţоâ˸˸
֪콫⽣ߵͼ̽νħɽĵֻ̡ôǿߣǲã񲻿ϧ
мٵ˼ţ׿ŽֵܳΣͼƻ
Ǻһգ˽ڳжȹûͣƬֱ̣峿һӴ⿴һǰĵ·ɫһϲȭǰǷ˪ˣоݵ㣬ϵǮұ꽣ñݣ
ãȥǶפƬ̰ɣ΢΢һͷ׿Ӧʣ
ৣ
ǣʱһҷ绮һͬŵĳݣʱǴںХͬʱһϤζʱ˱Ƕ
üͷһ׿̧ȥϤĳӰȴһ˿ã֮ɫ



996 ҽ
׿ɫԻҲһɻȥȴǳǼڷѩУգ۲Ӱӣɵĳݺܳʲô𣿡
ŶûʲôֻǡϤ
üͷ΢΢ţ׿˼ȴֵǡôҲ벻ˡĶأ
ԣһԵİȴǲмƲƲ죬ˣǲ̫࣬벻ˣ
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ǰһ֬ζѵֵܣߺߡǮİͦ㷺¶ЦݣʱЦ
ˣ˶ӺǴӺƮĵ㣬Ҳȴǲ˵ԴֻЦݣȴֹס¶
Ůˣ
üͷ׿ãǻȻ򣺡Ŷԭǰ
˭صҰŮˣ

һᣬʱЦȸҲǰһЩ죬һУ˭Ը׿Ǻ֮ǣֻܸСȸ˼ҳһȥȻǢĹϵ
Ҫô˵Ů˵˼˲²һһСŮӣ֪ô£ܵһȥˣȸǱǰˣ׿
׿Ҳ⣬ֻǳĵϴСˣǳйȣδлμȻˣȻҪȥкˡ֮ܳζԺãȻĻǷţ
ôǷ飬̾ʲôѵûỹ𣿡׿ĳһУ˼Ҷоֵֻ֮ǣôթƻ֮ͽȻһ忴ôأ·𻹲ϾĲƵģˣǵһμ
ƺ룬ȸ˰֣Ц㣬Ҹ׾ôƢԹϴҸ˼Ҷݣ֮ϵû˼һʣ˼ұһֱ
ʲô˼Ҿ㻹˼Ҷ
Ƥ̲סһ飬꿴׿еĹ۵ֱ˱֮ɫ𱨣Ȼ㲻ʲôöߺߣ
ҡҡԴ׿ʧЦһϴеᣬΪǧʯʥʯС«ıǸ߼չˡҲ˿Ļˣ˭֪һм۾Ȼܳǧʯʥʯ̵ģô֪ô㶫ֵô󰡣Һһиⲻȥˡ
ۣ
̲סЦһ꽣ͷһ¶ЦݣΰһۣŭһΪСӼթƻͦģȻҲǸͿǱмУʥʯ
Ķ֪
η۶׿ȥǰϳĻӿٶȣǰݣĪҪͻǣᣡ
ԣǰһͷٴμӿٶȣ꿴׿ȴüͷһЦ벻ЦصСӣԾ˵ϸµģºȻǰͻ˼ˣ᣿治֪㾿ǺˣǶˡħɽȻиħ֣ľħ
֪ڴ̽ħɽ޵ĵϸ׿ɲϵȥֻһЦÿɷŤͷȥˡ
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ǣڣȸȴǰһ۵Сֻգ㣬Ҫ㻹Цÿ
ǰȸС˵ǣ꽣һЦͳɴůˣǺǺǡʱһҲ˳Ц
⼸ദ׿һ·ѹưıƢ˶η塣
ղһ죬ݺݵһۣŭٸ˵˺죡
ԴһսսҡҡԴȴǲٶˡֻа꿴ųÿһˣƺЩԽԽڣҲԽԽͨ졣
ֱȸЦ²滺һЩ¶ȻЦݡ
ǾŽе꽣ɱϣ߸ϣ˵Цݡůꡭ
⣬ǧ⣬ѩƮ£ѩҲˣ졭ˣ
֪⻹⣬׿˰һֿۣ˳ıѩһ£طһĸп
ʱһָоصı仯УƺҲر任һ㣬ȻıšһУܸܵĸоһ࣬ôȻЭ
һֱڻѩϷɳۣԶԶǰ㳵ܿ˱һѩɵСǮһɸߵʯǻѩȴ¶֣˪
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гͣǰϳ֮˻׿׿ǰǳҲڷ˪ͣЪǵĳСٸţͻᱻˡ֪⣿
ȥ꽣ƣԼȥǳͿɣ⼯ϣ΢΢׿Ȼֵֿ꣬Ѵ겨ȥ죡
΢΢죬겻ÿɷ񣺡ʵòš
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Ͱôһ겻ͷذڰ֣ʱóһ򣬵ȥ
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΢΢Դ굱³ȸﳤȥֻ׿˻࿴˿Цҡͷ
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һ׿æߣԴϴμ㿪ʼⶼˣôûã
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̾׿ʧЦ£⸱Ӹߣôüˣ
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üͷ΢΢һʱЦǺðҾǾ˿һȵʲôɫԺˣҪ˫۲авܾʩеĶˣٺٺ١
ʸ˵Ҷ񣿿ԪˣȻĻ͹سȥţɫһ׿߳
½εͷе¶ͯԣҡԴͲҾھǰɨأ飬ôߣЩһֱŰѱѹţҲ̷ֵ˰ɣ
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һεĲ׿âһ䵭ؿ꣬ԸԼ֣Ҿ㶯ӵĻƤ֣Ѿܾûˣھ㿪
䣬׿ʱһȥǺգ֮
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ҲȸһȻЦѵõ¶̬֮ȥ·Ϸˣһ㣬ʱ˵ϷŮû˹ܹ컯֮µġ
ҲҵϷ㣿Ѿ˵֮£˭ܵϷ㣿ڴڵشŴ׿һ޺޵վסҾһ¶ѣһ£
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Ȼڴʱһȴ𡭡


997 
һڴϷͣת׿ȥȴһ׵Ӱվǰֻȴ˪۷ŭ֮ɫ
ؿһۣ׿˴ΪŮӵòʵ˾ޣٳ֮¡ʵţϾòŮӡ
ǣ׿ݣŮȴɫӷŭȳ𣬹
ףô֪ҡ
üͷһ׿ʱסˣԻ֮ɫȷʱȷʵСӵգùһ֣ⱱݡ
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·׿ȸ֣ȴǿо󣬵ĽǰģǰǱݡ

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Ҳǻأ
ᣬŽֻܽ˶޷ָʹʱةﾭγģ⣬ŽһŲǽǻʵҲһ
üͷĽѩس֮Уֻһʲôݣܡң˽ǵ۹֮һ߲ףô뽣͵һأ
Ľѩв⣬׹οһۣҲǰ˼⣬ֻܶؿǰ˫Ķţüͷţдɻ֡
Ǻܿ죬ȴؾ֮ɫ군ˣСоŽոô᲻й˽þŽɱҰǿǺãС㣬һء
ƽʱ಻ˣ˵˵ӿڳ֪𣿡
ݺݵһۣĽѩȴʧЦҡҡԴģǾŽɱôСѾͷĻһ۱ǰҲˣ
ҲҪ۱ǣֻúûŰ
ɵѾͷûģۣЦҡҡԴĽѩ׹⸱ɵݸ
һ棬ĽҺͰһƣ׿ĵϸڱ¶һ룬ĽҵľҲأ׿ţͬʱĽѩһҲȫɻ֮ɫ
ҳݾŽУֻһŮӣ꣬ǲ֪ºˣ꽣㻤˵ã
ĽݼˣЩ˲֮ˣֻһ·˶Ҫٲɣ
ûת׿ĵ֮˵Ļڸ̸ľͲ£ǲܽƥˣ
ƥ
һĽԣʱסˡ֪и߲Բܽǳ羴а֮ĴڣӲҳڿˡ
֮ڣҲԼ˲Сӿھƥ٬
ѵ˵ĸ޹أ£Щĸ⣬бŽ࿹ǿߴڣ
һʱ䣬ĽҶ׿ͻȻð֣ȴǵʱĴֻа꣬˫ȭ˽һŭ
ڣɰ


1001 ʥս
ض׿ţĽҳãİ׷ʵȻ֮ˣҲǰΪ
ոȻ˵ˣֻһ·˰ˣĽݼ㲻˰ɣ
Ѱ״±ز񣬴̽ϸֻϧƽ²òСΪϣ£
ǡƫƫ֪أ۾΢΢һУ׿ÿɷ񣬵Ц
һЦĽͷųǿƣҲǼᶨ֮ɫãôܱǸȷı֮ǰ¿ɾ뿪ˣ
ǺǺǡԾ˵̫Ը˰ɣ
Цһ׿ÿɷ񣬽űȸ֣ǰȥֻһȴĴ䵽˰ĶУҺȸߣһ
۾һУĽҼ龰һ̤Ȼ׿ȥȳ˵߾ߣҲ̫·˰ɣ
ৣ
ȻڴʱһٻӰȴ͵سǰǰĵ·
ϵһУĽҲ죬ֻأȻһյʱһƬȵĻƣ󺣣ѵԭѩ裬мıݴأؾͻΪɽ׵һ㣬е¶ȣ˲ȻҪﵽҽĳ̶ȡ
ЩµıѩҲ¶£δڻȻˮɢˡ
ֻգ֮䣬ⱱʱͷ棬ΪסأҲȫĽҵƿ֮С
Ԫ۷ļʵƬµ飬֮ѡ
Դ˾һ˹ˣֻ־ܣʲôˣܱݵһ˵һס
ǺǱ˫Ҳǲɵһаâһ͵طǿơ
ʱ䣬졣ǵصľ죬ԭȵգһ㻯һƬɫĺŵ׹⽣ӿ·нâ֮µһᱻ˲Ƶġ
龰쾰ĽѩѾͷ׹ȴһ󺧡Ȼѿ겻򵥣ֳͬһȼĶ֣Ҳû뵽˾൱ֺá
ŽľԽضڲϲԳֲ֪վһ߲źã
Ȼѵõĺö֣͹ԣ²£ѹλţ԰µľˡйĻ¼սҹҲδֳܷʤĻ׷
쿴˿μգ׿˿ƽһһӡԶȥ׿ӰĽҲɵЦһһ̾ص˵ͷ
Ǻܿ죬һ̣аЦϧǿ©һ£Ȼʵ൱սδܵʮУ
УǷôĿ
һһĵؿĽңмĽݼһϳɳأһҲǸţ˰Ŀ֮ոǶ˵ȣǲಮ֮ƣǽ֣ǵɽˮ֮أѷֳʤǧ֮սҲпܡĽݼȻڷſԣʮлңǺǺǡѵ˵ĽݼΪСŮӵ似ȲĽݼҾѧ𣿡
ؿһۣĽȴǻҡҡͷ¶ص΢Цˣܹһ޶ĸ֣һܴﵽǼѧԨԴ֮似ˣĽݼȻЩС⣬󣬿Ӣ۵ĳ̶ȣ
ŶȻˣ㻹˵ʮʤңһЦаƳһۣĳ
ض꣬ĽҲ̾һҡҡͷĸսǧغϣ죬һ¡ֻϧΣݲһ֮ˣ˱ݰΣ˵áЩˣﺣ
΢΢һȭĽ񣬵Ǻܿ죬оâһɫüΪᶨȻһȵĽâأҫһֻ̣߳߳ȫɢ˵ĽɫȻС
Ҳ𽣳ֵһɲǣ֮ٴηת
ĽߣĻƣʼͣ䶯ɢǿƣȻϺ˺Х㣬һ±Ǳâȥֻգ֮䣬ȻһɫգҵĽȫû˽ȥ
ৣ
ʱøӳӿɢջһе¶ȣؼХ֮ƿȨٴλصĽҵһΣе˷ǿĽҵĹõ˴ǿ
̲ͫסһ겻΢΢˶ӣ񽣣
ǣ
ǻһȻĻȣĽҽǳһڣǰȴ̾ҡҡͷ£֪ύ֣ͻȻóʵʤ֮䡣ҸոҲ˵ˣƽʱԸԵȽսʹ죬ڲУ뺣
龰Ľѩ׹ǰһ¶ȻЦݣȻ״սʤ
˵ǸŮʵȷˣᲢۣΨȱٵģȴ
Ҫ֪ɲһɱȣһ֣ʵԽǿˣԽܷĿ
Ȼֲ٣Ľó콣ʤȻ͸Ľǰ˵һ㣬£ȻʮС
׿ҪȻ뿪ȴǲˡ
뵽겻ݺݶŶĽңҧ촽ȴ֮ɫ
Ըķ콣״콣콣ڱһ˵ߣڣأ
ֻΪϵȱݣԵжԣò䣬˿ûз֮ܣȴоңޣ
ʱ飬ͬΪ˵ĽңҲͬУ΢΢ͷ̾⣬βˣֻ˵ǵѣȡˣ
һݣĽҲٿԹߵİһۣתֿͥŲ׿ЦλȻˣ㻹뿪Ը𣿡
Ȼ
Ӳֹͣ׿ƽ䲻ʤ㣬һЩʱ䣬ȴǴ´ࡣҾţҲʮǧˣ
üͷһĽҺɵؿ׿һۣȴЦңʮжѣҶãɣ
ɫ΢΢ţĬȴ˫ȭ߬ǲʣ
˵㣬㣬𣿡
ǲһа컡ȣ׿ȻЦЦĽݼո˵ĽݼһЩСȴӢۿˡ֮ȷЩ԰ˣ˷ˡѵ˵Ϊֻ𣿡
̲ͫסһĽҲһŵʲô˼ѵ˵
ڶλĶս©˵ģң㣡
оâһ׿ʱһЦһָ˵һһâ˸һֻźɫƵĹ쳤س
˵ͷҲأ׿ʱһ˦֣أȻжŵİȥúһĽݼĸаɡ


1002 
ݣ
ͬһɫĵâƳգ̧һץ۵һ㽫ǺڽεС
ɫȵĿռɢŹɫ΢΢Խħؼ䷢Ƣ춯
Ƥ΢΢һ£ⳤ𶯣ȴؾˡΪѿˣ⽣ʵԣе콣Ľķ콣һ޶
⣬
ǡ⾿ݵΪԼǰûмûأУ˹죬źɫƵı
ĽҼˣҲֹסضƤ֮ɫͬʱеķ콣ҲǺڽУ
·ʲôһ㣬ɢɷ
ô£콣ôˣؿһԼвϲĽУĽҲɽüͷвһ˿ã֮ɫ񽣽Ϊ˼ȫƽͣǰͷҲû°ɽôᡭ
Ľв⣬׿ȴȻ
ħȻˣϾħ콣Ѹı䣬Ǵǰģ
һƳɹʥٴʱȴĿȫǣ˵ǽˣһ˼ˣҲᾪȰɡ
ÿ񽣽鲻˵ĻȻ콣߾СӣȻռȵռֵܴ˵ֵأ
ٺٺ١ˣ
ôģ
ˣ˭š
ţӦþⷬˣ
ǻһаĻȣ׿ֻĽԲǵĶԻȴ¶ȻЦݡ
ϧе⣬ȴ֪оҲͿˡ
Ȼ񽣵֣㻹Ÿʲôְ
еĶ˶סˣһ׿ɿУȴشȳӣ
̲סһŻعħػһ˷ܵĻȡӣܹĽʹһսˣ
ʱ˿̣Ҷ֣˭˭
ţʱȫע֮УħҲڵ͵һƣʱӽֱϾ⡣
ʱ䣬ণǽ죬ԭȻȫóգٴαм˺һѿڣէ֣ĽҲɢһƬƬƽ飬Ϊޡ
ֻһĹȻһƬԼա˵ƬպСֻǻ֮һˣȴǸǰȫͬϾѾһս֮ٲʮ֮ڣ׸֮ˡ
ĽҲǸոֻ죬ִƲ֮
˶ֳ񽣣˴˶ţһսҪʱȻˡ
ǻаЦݣ׿˰֣ȸС֣ǰȻţ죺λһˣǺǺǡ
Ƥ̲סݺݳ˳飬Ľҿ׿ԶԶȥıӰһŭٿǰֽİ꣬ǻƵаЦȴûʲô취̾˿
ΣĺѾ˽ˡ
ǰʮ֮ڣǶˣǧУҲһˣٺٺ١
һЦ굱һâĽȥĽݼһδù񽣶Եأ൱Ķ֣̹аɣ
ģҵˣ
΢΢鶯һЩĽȴοЦһֱҡԴ˷İҲ޿κεһ̾أطȥ
һ̣Ľ֪׿ǲˣʹãȴһ˷ܣ֣ȴǷǴ򲻿ɡ
ǺһЩʧˣһ˸߲ҵŮ˵ʱһȴǶƵشս
أȻ䣬ؾɽҡڣپ졣ǽˣ񽣽սһվѣʯãһĩյľʱǰ
֮һһƬƻͿ̿ûо֮أֻɢನҲһжʧΪޡ
һսս֮ңû˼Ϊû˸λֽսԹ۵ģǲˡ
Ľѩ׹ŮڶһսʼȻ˳ȥͷһ۵ûУֻж߲ͣĿըѶ˵Ķ䶼ˡ
ӵ֮죬㱻Ǿ춯صսУʬ޴ˡ
׿ͷҲصʧ֮УûӰĽѩҪϵģȴҲҲˡ
һսǡý׿еնϣ׿ٴγΪһ޸֮ˣ˭Ҳ鲻

ǰһͣ׿ȸȻԵõ˳Ȼǳٴﳤȥ
ϵĻ׿һۣٿǾ𣬲ɸɫ㤣һɻõҵĹԹԣ⾿ô£ǰڷ˪ոհ£׶أæӳȻС򶼸ˣǻΣءڵãرĩյôôâɽò˻ˣ
£ǵĳ꽣ڸĽһƴѣ˰֣׿Цһɫȴˢһ£԰
˷·ûע⵽ƵģһʲôĽңôǵģʲô£
ûʲôСı˶ѣۡ˰֣׿ÿɷ񣬵Ǻһر³һѪɫ
̲ͫסһ󾪣⡭
ףոաƤ΢΢˶ȸҲһĵõ
ʧЦŰ˰֣׿Դӽָóһҩ£ĵ£ֻһθ˵ĶԹѣ·ɣ
˴˶һۣ˶ԣֻȸһУ̾һ׿϶ϧ֮ɫ
ػڲϵǿҵĲҲѸܱӣֵನڻԵ쵽ܵĸ䣬֮һ⡣
ֻһֻʧĳݣڵƽĵ·ϣһ·ۡ
ʮպ
ѩƮҡĴϣһٻӰһ˸ʱһͣĳǰ˵ţ˽ȥȴǰɡ
ˣ׿Ů⣬ǼϤĻˡ
˲ǰһЦڻˣǰһֱ㣬ʲôأǺǺǡ
ҳ£
бһһɫԲ԰׵׿һۣЩ⣬һƲЦǹܺԼɣҿ»࣡һɷףˣ
ǻһȻЦݣ׿ÿɷ񣺡˵ˣһºûˣ
ɵӣҡҡԴ׿һۣЦ˭ȥĽѩеģų
ںЦЦ׿˿Ϊ⣺ҪһǲԼӲһУ̸


1003 Ū
ߺȣƽһթƻӣôôɵأ
ؿһۣ겻Щ⣬ЦͲİˣȫʬ޵ĻᶼûУ
ǺǺǡǰվˣʲô
³һ׿ÿɷǾ仰ȻҪҪϣ˼ȡĻᡣֻΣҵ˫ʵ̫ǿʹȫҲɱҡҵռҲܽЩ˺գֻҪ޶ȼɡּ֮һ
ض׿ţвЩ죬Ц֣ȻҪԼ
һ㱨Ȼа취⳥ϧҵ·ͬ˵мҰܰʲôҲĵ䲻ã̸ȥֻлˡôԵ޹ʶ͸áòߣ£İˣݶҲˣ
΢΢գգ۾һԻЦ˼ǣһǵһģ
˵׶İ֣ҲǷˣ˲ǷңɡֻҪԼˣ˶ϣνˣʽѣ
ţȷ۶˵׶һ˿ǣңǣ˾Ϳɣαع˵أ
΢΢˵ͷɫЩ£Ȼһ֣صؿôڣᣬһǣΣ
üͷһ׿ؿһۣҪɶһʲôǣҿ˵ģ
㵱ȻˣһĶ飡
৵һ£æ׿ߣ˫Ŀֿض׿һǮģñôɣ
̲סһ꽣ͻȻʣȫסˣӲӣһؿ
λҪˣ
Ҳֱ˵ʵ̫뺷ˣ治Ůİн֮簡
Ƥвȫ׿֮ɫܰѽܶ㻹ǶˣĪô
˼һŮӶôˣͽһ˰ɣ˵ǸĸϻǱϾҲϻǺģ
ݺݵһۣٲͣ׿ת׿ϣ˫вЩɻ󣺡˻⣿
˵ƽʱôɣ
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ϢŭǧһȽϿǧһƽϣ˼ĸϻҪæڰ֣Ȱܡ
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л˵ƨţû±Ϲ٣̧ƳƳ׿һ
Ǻݺݵض˶ûݺݵض˫ȭ߬ҧֹ꣬ȴٴ³һѹŭ𣬵Ѿղô飬·е̸еӣ˵Ǯģڷ˪ʱΪڻ㳷վһԸĽң㲻ľˣòñ𣿡
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ǰ͸ҵĻʲô¶ӦõģҸ쾭壬ΪʲôҪ㵱˱𣿡
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㲻񽣣ԼҲܲˣӦõİ
ΪӣκκôӦãǶݣӦҸж²ǣΪΪūŵһжҵģ
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üͷһ׿һȴ䣬ббزǰ콣Ȼһֵˣɣ
Ҿ˵ܲܡ⽣ңЩŤ󣬰е¶֮ɫ
ԣڳ˲ȫȻԭλ꽣ĥ˰죬ĿڴˣǱװ
ˣǰ˰죬Ȥ
η۶ȫһŤͷɸȥˣֻ׿ƺϵһУЦſ͸㣿֪ʲôôȥ˵᲻콣͸㣿
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ʲôҲ˵ϻ񽣣
ǵȻѵһ㣬񽣶ħɽ𣿡һ׿ƲƲ
Ȼһ겻Ըӣĳȣʲô񽣶ħɽ
ǰÿһħɽճɳɽǰʦ𶼻ǹͬΪǴԼ彣ݵ񽣣ߴ½ʱģ׿Ƭ촽һણſڱ˸˶ͶصĹ¡
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η۶׿ÿɷض˪һս˭Ӯˣ
Ľң΢΢ЩسǴ˰ҹǵвҾͳûˡҶҹ࣬Ҳסң׷Ҫ׷ĺˣҲûǸ򣡡
Цһ׿΢΢ͷȴʵĽҹ൱ӦýǧղܲǣôͰˣ
ôһأеķ콣ǧˣ͸һһ˳֣⽣ҲŸǵ黥ͨȻʹӲǶ֣Ҳ֮ô
ⲻ͵ˣ
΢΢һʼ磬׿ħΪҴģȻǰ콣ֻʹ콣˳֣⽣ûð
콣ڲҵģôǰ񽣣ȻӲ㣬Ҳûкð
ģһҪĽŶԼкôñ˵Ľ񽣣ʱ䳤˻Լģ
˰֣׿ΪɣҺħɽ´󹦣һȥʱϣüʦΪһѸ콣ǲˣαطҪѣ
ǰһʱϲģ
ǵȻʲôʱƭˣЦһ׿
˵ͷϲɫȻȻħ˳
иڳ׿ʧЦҡҡͷҺħͨû˭ˣĻСӷǾǱӲɣøּۻۣ
ţ׿˸־ħٴλصԼڡתٿ˷ʱ׿ȴ°Цһ
Ȼ˫ۣɵ뽣ˣԼҲú룬񽣣˵죿
˵ˣʲôʱ˵ʵء


1004 º
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ãӽٶȰɣǻȻЦݣ׿ÿɷĳ
ԣȴüͷһոû˵İĽڿ϶ڴѲ٣ھǷ˪ǵ٣һҰ飬Ŀ϶ǺˡȥڣͶ
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ںͣ͵ǱУֱʱһ֮ǰͣ˰ΣȻһ£һƬεĽУʧ
ͬһʱ䣬һƻԻ͵ĴǰϤӰȴǵʱȴĽңЯĽѩѾ׹ɡ
ǵǰһλɷǵߣ뷢԰ף˳֣һݣЦݽĽݴˣҽĽСݹ٣ʵ԰ֻǾ֪˴ʱ˿Ӧںڣ׼ŷһԸܽϹǣôͻȻأ
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ǰԭҲôģǲܽһĻȻܽǾ͵£ܲ鵽ǵЩ٣ҲǺܺõģüͷ壬Ľ˵˵ţȴǵʱзã֮ɫ
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1005 ֮
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ߣ˭ϡһжֻжǳ鷳ƣ
Ŷô˵꽣ǲǽȥҲҪˣã˰ɣ
˭˵ģˣﲻҪһæõУ߬ţȴǺݺݵ׿һۡ
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䣬˱һͷȻ׿ųݣɽ£ֱѩ֮ۡ


1006 ٳ
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Ҳֻ׿֪νĺܾһֱѰҵģϹʥ֮һΨһܾСģ캣ɣ
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1007 
ȲҪȥƣǼ£
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ǰ꣬תת˼ΣҲͷȷݱ¶ĻдֽΧסˣȥʻԷȷ
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׿ԣȻûһǸģǵ棬ȴȫ
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νһһѡиľȣػƺƶ棬ѹֺһ֮ԦˣȻʵ
ضǴĿ⣬׿΢΢ԷҲͱѰѿضԷ˼ǡ
֮УΣյģǲִºǸƣˡ


1008 
ض׿ţƵ˫ȭ΢΢֮߬һɱ⡣
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Цһ׿˵˵ĶǲԡҲյĻƱԺ˶ڱˣݰΣܱϣ
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1010 
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ǽԶȥıӰϹ˿ػһ۵Ц⣬תСһ۷ȥ


1011 ݵһ
컨Ὺڡ
һ侲׵СԺУһ𣬽ţϹӯ˱سطıϽҸЦ⡣
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΢΢˵ͷϹȻǰϹ壬Ľǣϱȴ֮ʣҪô˽أǺǺǡͽУζͶ

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صԴϹ૵УҲǱȽƶѣʵõġ
ǸǸǰߵı磬Ϲֱأ
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ʧЦҡҡԴĽѩäĿģݵú˵ϹٲԣϹֵȷƷвˣòʵͬУٮٮߵġЬĻ˵㵽ʲôز֮ˣǺǺǡǲţбϹǿôˡʩð㽫ε̫˰
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ϹҲһ߶һߴЦĵĽݽ㣬Ҳˡ죬Ǿ֮ܣ
٣Сѧ˵ʲôãСҲʲôö㻹˵ͫһɣĽѩʱЦһ·׷Ϲһ·Ц
ŮһһţȴǺò֡׹һԿţҲϲ⣬ʱʹСͣϹСͣλСһͣ
춹Ϲ֦Ըߢ˼
Ȼڴʱ˿̣ŮЦ֮ʱһȴǵʱص˶ŮǰȻŮļô̶
һŮʱͣеĴ֣Ժڿȥ
̤̤̤
һĽŲ𣬲һĹһų۳ӣͷϰһ鷢٣ӱյ˽лһֻѩ÷
ͫһĽѩӰʱһ૵㣬ŷ࣬ˣ
ݵһӣŷࣿ
ǰһϹ̲ЦҲˣβˣ
΢΢һ£ŷ಻ЦϹС㣬´ʱ䶼ڱչأܺϹСû£ҲУ
ѩãþòֻ÷㣡
ţŷЦĽѩǰһ񣬽е÷صȥǺŵȻЦݡ
ƳһۣĽѩȴûнӹֻʧЦھͽѩã̫˰ɣ
ô磿ոպʣһЦŷȻüҸȬأҲں͡ΪҸ棬ףǶҲܺɰǺǺǡ


1012 
ʲô
һϹԣʱĽѩŷǰѲűһЦָĽѩǰúÿ࣬ԭˣȴȡЦãʵӦô֮ʱǣ
˵ʲô
ݺһۣĽѩȴתٿŷϣЦŷ֣ӦûûǵԼɣ
ȻûУ
ȻһЦŷ൱ִ죬ݣһ֮£֮ϣ
мƲƲ죬Ľѩôŷӣĵһˣ
ȻֻһѾͷˡԼϽУܿ԰ɣ
Ŷôô϶ϣأüͷһƣĽѩЦ
һŷ߰ذ˰Դִ죬ôҪ֪ҵ˭ǿŷ죬ִ콣ҵҴ˭
񽣣ߵ֮ɲǸõģһĽѩ
Ȼص˵ͷŷҲһ߰ȷˡ׿ҵ̸˭ݵӴ֮еĶߣŷࡣǱݵһӣպӳиҵΪݵһˣִƷ졣һ㣬ѩò᲻ϰɣ
΢΢ƲԴĽѩĬȴҲǱ㡣
龰ŷ಻һЦݣպΪݵһ֣ȻҲڻˣ
һ֮أ
ʱϹ̲ɸæڣһڴȻĿ궨ôߣȻҪһ֮£Ǹ˭ѵݵһ֣ܽ𣬰𣿲ҲԣûһܱȵǸϼһأٹǧҲһˣ
˰֣ŷʱ¶һм֮ɫϹС㣬̫Сˡŷ࣬עһٵصˣܽʲôŷ콣ɣǲܵʷ͵øҸдˣߺߺߡ
˰ɣҲϲ˵ԭ̫ʵͷĹӸࡣܽ涼ûҪԽ˼ңʵǳ˵Σ
ŷһֱЦĽѩȴɫһϹ̣
ЦŵͷϹ̻һϣؿʵȻˣܽ𶼲֮ϵˣ˭أ
ⲻŵô
৵һŷʱȭ죬һֿТΪȣԺ죬ǼҸĺöӡһ֮£ȻǼҸŷˣ֮ôҴ˲ܽȻ֮ˣ

²һͣϹԣٿһģʱ˽ĽѩոԣɿЦһ֪ո˵ĵһôˡԭ㻹ϵ⣬༸㶼밡
룬ǳģ˰֣ŷʱɫһ
η۶ĽѩɳȻˣʵԺɣ
̶ãȥҪ֮ˣ˵ţĽѩһ˦ѩ䣬Ϲ̵ĸ첲ȥţλȤЩ
ʼ磬Ϲ¶һĪ񣬱ĽѩȥˣŷǼгѩãһģҪң
ã
Ľѩи̣ȴǲ
࣬㣡ȻʱһЦȴǵʱ쳹գűһƿ죬һϤӰȴǵʱһץŷı۰࣬겻ͻͽȻڻصĸˣݿûĵӣȻǰ;Զ󣬺ܺãܺã
ˣŷ಻ǰһʱ£Ľݴ磬þòɷСҲ
֨
һͣĽѩˣҲתϹ૵֪ΪΣϲý޲ðǣ
ѩ˵ʲôأ
ûʲô˵ڻˣǰ˵ˣʧЦһĽѩٴδϹ̶Ůǰ΢΢һݡ
ԣԭЦĽңȴǵʱɫһ̾ˣ˼ֱ͸ƵģʧˡǺڲ˽꣬ȴëûѾ뿪ǸؽˣûʲôԣΪֱأԻˣ
ףȻץˣʲô˰ôüͷһϹ̵ʱһ
ŷҲЩɻ治ĽݳټϺڵһӦ÷ַӾͻΣôһټûأչҲĽ֣㽫Щ˵һټǺúúʵһѱݷ׳죬ҲԸҵ
ǧ򲻿ɣ˵Ļһҡڲܽǵٻδȷ˻ҵľ棬һôûУǳ룡
ǰѩ˵ֻ˵ȣûҪΪǴ󶯸ɸꡣϾǵĵˣǰǰص˵ͷĽҲһµ
ԣŷ˼Ҳ΢΢ͷ
Ľݴ˵ȷǲݵˣǻ˭أϹ˼꣬Ľһе˼
ЦһĽѩ̾૵˵ǸͬһˣʱԩҾ磬Լ˲ʧ˸ϵε˱ݣǴһܹƽɫĸߣ治֪ҪʲôˡȻǲȷǵˣȴǸΪΣյ
ʲôȻĽݴֶ޷Ը˭һϹ̵ʱгŷҲһؿǡ
˴˶һۣĽѩһµصҲ֪˭ֻ֪һ䣬һ
ʲô
ͫݺһϹ̵ʱڣгȴһҧֽ˻ȥֻɫȴֹסس
ôĽݴѩҪץˣȻҪô찡
ǣ֪ȴ©ƫҹ꣬ŷ˼һҲǻҡҡԴ̾ûʲôţûһ㶼
ǵȻɻµ˭ţƾǸɷ۶ĽѩЦ
ʼ磬ŷ಻̾ˣȻԷأҲǼٵģһʱҲ鲻һȥԼİɣĽݴҪҪһȥ
ҪȥʲôüͷһĽѩʱЦ˷һḡˣȥʲôݾ߰ɣ
˱죬ŷεѩãСˣοίȥġ˵ڸոսפһ̶ӣǱ̼Ǯҵġ̶ӵĹǮЩΣȥ̽һ£
ʲôǮ
̲סʧɫϹ̵ɫʱɷΪ׿˵ƺ˵Ǯ˵֪٣ʮа˾ţõľ֡
ðǧұܣµãŶ೤ʱ䣬˼ҾͰָˡĽݴѩ㣬ָҪģô죿
뵽Ϲһ˼´󼱡
ǧģôġ


1013 ǿ
ؿһһէϹ̣˲һŹ֮ɫϷɻĽѩǲɵʵ̶ãôˣʲô𣿡
ֻͻȻ뵽һҪ£ҪĽݴǰææ˳˴ҡЩᣬְǺǺǡ
ЦһϹ˼ʱ۾һһӲӵص
Ȼص˵ͷĽҲʧЦԭˣһΪǮʲôʶ֮Եأ
Ľݴ˵Цˣһ̼֣ĶʶŷָᵽС֮£ɾгغ˶ѣٺٺ١
Ϲ̼ΣĽҵҲص˵ͷЦǺǺǡ̶ãôˣôզզһ㶼أļ޲ȥ
޲ȥãһӾѩˣüͷһϹһĽѩ۰򣬵ʱЦ
СԴĽѩݸһЦÿɷĽҺŷ࣬һճһȺ˴˶һۣʼ磬ʧЦֱҡͷ
ȻĽұ㵭ȻһЦٴοϹ̵ô̶ãʲôҪ£ҪΪְæģܿڱǣ

ǰѲ˰ΣϹ̳ȴǲЦʵҵ˵ģֻһֱΪ˼ϣΪŮȴΪǣʵǡ
üͷһĽҵʱɫһ࣬أȻʲôϹֵ£ϹټҼΪ飬һǴ¡̶Һú˵˵ҲΪܰæأ
Ľݴ磬Ҹ˵ˣǿǧҪҵҸǵİҲ֪ҵǺӡ
¶Ϊ֮ɫϹ͸һأĳ
Ǽ龰Ľҵ˲ɸӹעŷһϣ֮ɫæߴٵȻȻ̶ÿ˵ɣһ㱣ܡ˵ʵһͰţģٺٺ١
η۶Ϲ̲ݺһۣǣ΢һ̾ʵĽݴ磬ȻǴݶ˳콣ǽȴȻˣ
ʲô
̲ͫסһĽҲɴһ񽣣࣬ǵأǿ֮˭ı£ܽһ񽣷ˣ
ĽݴˣСÿ˵ϣʲôˣֻǽ鱻⣬ѷһûʲôˡ
̾˿Ϲ̲淺˼ĳѾһˣҵλһֱ뷽跨ӡȴûʲôɫԷӡʮֹȫҲͻƿڡĽݴ֣ܷҵһ֮
һ֮ɫĽⷬʱסˣ˺һشͿϹʵ̫Ϳˣ˴£Ƕһ֮£ȻһֱǣҪ֪ǲܽĽɫû˳콣ܵâҲ˵˴£µͷϹҪ񽣺֮ʱٸǳ콣ˣ˴£
࣬ȥ֪ͨ㸸ףȥϹٷϼһһӡѩȥϹٷ˽һӡϼһôôͿأΪԼһ棬Щ˴£
һߣĽֵؾϹټҸ߲סǷȥĽѩˣҲɫһ࣬æϣȻ̬
Դ񽣱ܶԸܽľʣµˡһѣ¾ͺѵֵˡ
ϾϹ˱ʵǿ⣬пҲһأ
ŷ࿴һУ˴ȻæĽݴ磬Ҫȥء
ͺʵһôʲôʱУڽ콣ӡҪȥ֪ͨ޺޴һĻ̌űֱʷȥĽѩ׹æϣŷҲǼ˵ͷæظȥ
أ˶ˣֻʣϹһ˾˵ء
תתϹҲǸæһ̧ţ˲ˡнȴ˲ͬ
ףԲסˣŮûа취ֻˡҵøϽ֪ͨǸȻɾҪ˰
һ棬׿Դ뿪ƯͷС󣬱أ·ȥһ·²һϣҵԼһ˵ŵأ
һƬԺ䣬ģʱ󺣷紵˵ʱˬ
ûйȻľ£׿һСԺڣ㾶ֱŵǰһͭȥȻ˼£أôˣС΢˭
ңǵǮ£
ҿ˿ûˣ׿Ҳѹڡ
֨ѽ
һ̶ͭűƿ¶һһ˽ķ϶һͷĿԴ̽һ׿ŵʱһϲæȫ򿪣ӭϴع顣
ûжԣ׿˽ȥȻһŹϣϸϸ䣬ˣһ١
ôûʲô°ɣ
ǵûʲô㱻ȥʻ¶ʲôŰɣ˸겻Цһÿɷ
ԣ׿ɫһĬĬ
һ㶣һؿʧЦô¶˰ƽʱͦģҼڶܱŪһһ㶣ָôˣӦ춼˹ˣ
ҺͰƥûʲôֱӳͻȻӦС΢֮ʱһͿܱʲô취
٣˭ƥأ˵һԣ
û˵Űһɷӣ׿ʼ磬ʧЦһȻüͷһ壬ˣµô⺣СʱˣʲôûУ
ž
ǰһһʱ׿һǸոһ·뺣ڵģǽΧˡ⺣ڵĵؽ磬ֱΪ쵺쵺쵺һ㣬쵺Ҫڸ߲סݵĸݣҲȫţոȻȥˣ
΢΢˵ͷ׿Ȼ
мһΪ쵺ҪŵסһЩִͨҲǰ֧ԮĵӣҲȫסط
ţ˼һĿǰ쵺ˡдһЩͨţһЩŵס
üͷһ׿оâһٿ˵ֻЩ𣬻ûбģ
ȻУ
Ȼ˻δػǴһֻʱ˿̣ɫȴ쳣أڣһֻҪطǾܲˡڣ
ͫɵúݺһ׿ʧɫô£
ΪŽ߰Ĵڣǹƥ뺣ڣɱ˿ɵҲǽжȣ˿塣
ڣһڣȻ˵Լȴǲɵ׿һģӳ󲻰Ȼ
ڱûҪ£
ʱ򣬰Ĭֻ̾һǸٱһȭһ֣صո꽣Բ飬ڿȫ֮ڣǿĽ硣Ž֮ҲƿĽ硣ﱩ¶Ļһ˶ܵ


1014 Σ
üͷ΢΢˲׿Ի֮ɫǿ硭Žƽͭǽڣ
ؿˣǶԴͷ׿Խʵǿ˲ţݸ˲żüã󷨴ʦݶûܲµǿ磬ⱱѩأƶ֮ػڣ
ȻΪз񽣣Ȼصͷ국
üͷһ׿оâһ૵ʲô˼˵ǿйأ
ûȷˣ
һȭ˼ǰ̽˽⵽⺣ڵĽ磬һǽŷ֮񽣵жǿû˼ʶΪûܽӳǺڽ֮ȴ˿ǿ
ڵԣ콣δʹǰǴ쵺˴ķڣͨʽ콣뻤ڴ֮ڣɴ˱㹹ͭǽڰĽʽ㿴
˵ţƿһȴָƽĺĵƬкûʵˣ㱱ݵһ֣ŷ춼¹һغϡˣޱߣ̼ܽٹԪͺסǿԺŽһһֻΪз콣ػƽɼ˽֮죬ǳܱ⣡
ǰո˵͵͵ȥ쿴һǽ硣ȻҽԪУȴһһ͸ȥ˿Ϸ죬ȻɡؼȫһҲ𶯷ֺɣʱҲ̾һֹסҡҡԴӢ۳ĺ̬֮
ؿһԶƽ󺣣׿˼ĵô˵ҲǿĽ磬뺣ڸ뿪ǰǺǣ
ô˵ǡüͷһ壬һ˼ǿĽ磬˵ǣƾǿ춼ܡ
ȿȿȣ
Ȼ˵꣬һȴǵʱת׿ȥȴǱע
˵£ǰڴϣ˼Ҳ
Դ˳ײ֨ˡ
ȻһЦ׿оâһƵȻˣֻܽǷ콣ˣ
ʲôȡ콣һڳ󺧣Ƿ콣һʧϾͻᷢȫ׽ǣǲӰ
мƲƲ죬׿˿Ϊ⣺׽õңֲǣʲô֮õ콣ԺҾֱӴӺߣȥҺе׷͸һȥɡǣߣǵˣ
ۺǺڵΧΣգ
һ֣˵ļ׿һ˿âô˵ˣ
ǣ΢΢˻࿴˿׿˼ᶨεص˵ͷ̾
ߵߵߵߵ
Ȼڴʱһٵʱ˲һؽ
ôһ̶ӶѣڵӦòڰɡ˵Ѿ¶ˣ˻ɣ
üͷţ˶һţԴϸܵĺˮ׿ʱһ˭
ң쿪ţ
һϤŮأȻ쳹ϣ׿һη۶̾Ѿͷôˣ
˵ţ׿Ȼǰ˳žһŴ򿪡Ϲ̵ٻӰǷغһ´˽׿һϲȻ㣬û´㻹Ǯ֣
ǺǺǣǰôˣһЦ׿ɬ
˼˾ȻʶһʼŵģҲطѷǵˡһЦǮģ㻹ǴĶãˣ
˭Ϲ̼꣬Ҳǲһ㶣ɻʳ
̶䱸ӣ첹ӣ
ӣٸ̭С㣡
׿һ۶˳˵һʱɫһŭȭͷ޺޳
ɵڶǰѲΣϹ²һ̬ͣϸˣֻܼд鷳ˣɣɱݵһӣŷ㣬Ҫİ
ʲôô죿
²һ׿ɫأ֪Լǰı֣ܸͷ¶û뵽ϼһϿǸĶŵߣȴ֮Ѹݡ
Ļʵ֮ǰҲüӿٶˣ
УôǵĽˣĽݽĽݴҲ㣬Ҷ㵱صĳ콣Ƿӡ˽ģҸһᣬϱȥҵӡˣһʱˡȻĻǸŷһʹˣ
ţϹЩԹѳ
һ׿һĵʱѾˮʪֹҪ̽ȻĽҶҪ
գ
ҪҲһĻĻʱж¶ˡһ̶ͨפţӦÿԲעһʱ䣬ؿʤ
ڿȴǲˣΣһ̣һΣա
뵽׿֣Ϲ̹һݣֿζлϹٹȻ¿¾ʹȥˡ˶˵£ǣ
ʲôΪСӡ
صԴϹЦ۰𣬿Ǻܿ죬һת׿ЦôȻ˵ҪҶ£ɲԽʵ棿ȻĻֶ֪ô֪أ
һͣ׿ϣ񣬲ʧЦһص˵ͷðɣʵ׿׿
׿
ĹʣϹ̲ЦһˣҼסˣǧǼٵޣȻҿɲŹ㣡
İɣĲˣֻ֣ǲҪĺãϾǸˣ
ʲô˼
Ժ֪ģȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣬽żˣ˵ȥ콣ӡˣֻĽ𣬻𣿡
üͷһϹ̵ʱһ飺ˣĽݴǰŷ֪ͨŷ죬һӡ
ͶˣȻսڼȻӡԽԽãԽԽãĺ⣬׿΢΢ͷŽж
ӣϹ˼Ƭ̣ȴǺĵ׿һһҪ㣬㻹Ϲټҳ콣ʱǹӡ𣿡
Ŷǵǣ콣ʱҰˣߵʱæ⿪ˣҡҡͷ׿Ҳ֪ʱСӵ״жô⣬ﻹܼס¡
Ҿ֪㲻ǹƭǵģࣣ
ģ׿ȻŵһУϹȴһϲʱ׿һڡ
أ˿棬ȫסˣ׿ԼҲͣϲĿ࣬ԭأþûز


1015 ޵ڶ

ռ·ˣͨؿһĻȫĿɿڴ׿ǽӲӣе㵱˰㣬һ
һ˫˫񣬻εķΧϹ̲ŷ·ǰĳ嶯ٶرͨ죬˫ճѪʲôҲû˵ȻתҲƵˡ
ˡ
˺һ׿˿ٳ³Լƽʲô¶û㣬ǴţúϣתˣոϹСĻǶ˰ɣ
ˣǺǺǡ
˴˶һۣ˲ɵǺǵЦ˳ǹһݵǰ֪գ֪γƺڲ֪ԭ׿ʧʧ
ؼǡ׿֣ǷҲǼٵأбƳһۣ겻ʧЦм
η۶׿ɫһ㶣߳ȵҲЩ˵ӸոϹٹУᵽ㡣һĽݼöɵˣ߲ƽ콣ķӡƽӡݵһ֣ŷ춼нȥˣʲô˵ģ
Ը
࿴˿˶΢΢ҡҡͷȻ֣׿¡
³һڳ׿΢΢ͷܹڵơһʱȣΣءںĽݼκһ֣ǶڽӣڶǵĻˡڳ콣ӡ·еĸֶæӡô콣͡
˿أ
ǰһһ˼ǣôʱȡ콣Ȼֱƿȥǡʱ᲻̫˵㣿
ҪľԿ죬ûʱˣݺһ֣׿һµǵǰѳ콣ӡ⿪Ǿͻ뱻ûԣϲϣңǻھͿʼж꣬ȥ
һ㶣΢΢֢ȥ㲻Žˣ
ֻҪϽ㰮ĶĶ
ͷػӻ֣׿ÿɷҪĲǷ콣ֻҪ򿪣ܽ뱱ͺáҪԸ񽣸׷֮ãңҲֻ⽣ʵĳɹʲ󣡡
ЦŵͷȻ⵹ǲͬ⣡
У׼·һɹƿӳҲѾܣܵͿǵ컯ˣ
ؿһۣ׿ЩصϾһң⣬ȴܾܿҪˣ
ôЩ˿Ǻֲ̻ʿֻҪ̻ܶɽѽԼ֮ˣȴǲûôǿԡ
һȭ˵жǼᶨ֮ɫԸֻҪʱж
ԽԽãжвһ׿Ȼ
ȻصͷҲȫ΢΢һף׼
飡
Ȼڴʱһصߵʱ𣬸ǰϹȫͬ
̽ǵŷൽˣ
һۣ֪׿Ҳ΢΢һЦ˭֪кιɣ
ºڵŷ֪࣬Ǯλһ·Ѻʵڣ;ۣһ£֪㣿
һĺ˵ĵжȣǴϣȴһŨŨԽ
мƲƲ죬꿴׿ѹӸһ
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿Ǵǰ֨ѽһ㽫ǺصĴŴ򿪣ȴŷڶԾݵĳȴǲһ㶣ЦǺǺǡŷӣһСС̼֣Ȼͼŷʵҵ
ôʶң
˫ͫһŷ࿴׿ʱЦҲԣҵǱݵһ֣ŷ졣Ǳݵһӣŷࡣ⣬˲֪˲ҵĴҲȻ飬λһҰɣٺٺ١

һͣ׿׿˿ƲŵǣҲǲɿЦŵͷλݵһ˵ĶӣȻǸӸ磬ǸԽкĹӸ磡
ǺǺǡȻˣŷܴݹ٣ʵҵԣɣ
Ȼʵ
ɴЦһŷʱ̧ͦͷ˽ȥ˵λ̶ӳԱûĿİɣ
ʧЦһ׿֪̽Ҳ֪ﲻȷҲ壬ЦŷῪЦǺǺǡ
ףλɩ˰ɣǻһѵˣ
ؿ׿һۣƽȻ˿ûеӣŷ಻ʱ̽еζõ
һ˲ɫ΢΢һ䣬׿
ȻƼ򵥣ȴĵףĸԣضﲻ죬ɫٰĵˣɫҲбʱ
εĻ˿ܻΪڲΣ⵭⵭ŭ֮䣬ȴһȡȰղãͻ¶
̫ŭɣΪϾһ̶ӵˣڵӣ̫Ҳɣ֤һжαװģӿɡ
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৵һ£ȸʱݴܳŷŭĿӡ
٣⺢ôأûмҽأ
Ҹ߻ˣͯ޼ɣǧⰡǺǺǡ
Ƥ̲סһ飬ؼʱ̣ȸһŷʱЩҲסˣ׿ǸЦһ˻ŭȸһۣ˭ܳ˵˵ȥ
ŭһȸݣֻǰȴ͵͵һĴָ
˿ŷһƣЩ˵ȵģǻû˵䣬ͱһӸùѪͷ
ѵ˵⺢Ҳǿոǹֵģ
ɣһСƨʲô
ȫûȥŷྭոһ֣Ҳ׿˷Ͼ׼ٴط̽
ǻٿڣһϤŭȴǵʱ⴫ŷ࣬ҳյıԻûأ
ף찡˭
üͷһ׿һɻŷȴη۶ɢӵʱȥħôһҲͷ챾ӽѵ㣬ѵòȻƤ
ٷϻֻսһѣ͸ҺųһУݵһˣѰβڽˣòҪ
ʱٴδһŭ졣
һ׿ૣħҲˣˣʶҰǿ
ţ׿һصؿˣָָԼָָ棬΢΢ҡҡͷ
Ҳʼ磬֪Ǻã
Զŷ࣬Ȼûע⵽׿ʱķ֮٣ħʲôڸ˵㣬ڴݣɲԴӦսʱֺؿҫǿˣ˵㲻ܴݣ
ߣʲô
мƲƲ죬ħ˿Ϊ⣺޵һ޵ڶܵһҵĶս󡣼Ȼˣ׷ŹΪҳݵһģ͹ˡ˭룬ñݵһ˵ĶӣȻӮһ֮󣬾͸ҺųƴӮݣֱ޳
ã޳ܣţƭңƤ̲סһ飬ŷʱһ


1016 ǿ֮
ৣ
ģһɫӰ䵽ħߣŷ࣬ȻЦλŷְɣǵħ˵ħսдŷֽƣһսʤ󣬴ݵӣҵ޹⣬ƺҲǾΪô˵Ҳһ֮ģ˶ǣҲװɣ
ôףûλ죬ûǸ£˵ԼݵһӴ󣬰װ׸һ˵ˣñݵһӣҪߣЦ
мƲƲ죬ŷ˿Ϊ⣬б˵˵˭
ݸһЦ˹һȭ̫ħһ˫Ժѧգ֮ͬ꣡
вɿһ£ڵ׿ɫ£ȻﶼˡݶԱݵ֧Ԯǹ׵ģ˵Щӽһ£ʶ
Ļ᲻Ҳ
뵽׿һ֪Դ
Ҳ˫Ժеӣȫûע⵽׿ɫ䣬ŷ´һۺʵ֪˫Ժݵĵλܱѡ˫ԺˣǷֻ֮ǲ֪ħͣ
ԣﲻݸһЦǫѷͬд裬ǰûиߵ֣֮
ǿ֣һûܹħȴǳָָ̾˿Լİܼ
Ȼص˵ͷŷԭˣݵһӣѹôŵݣذѹᰡ
ŷӣҲˡ
ûᣬħȻʮ첻Ƣҿ˽⣬ǿŰ裬˭ҲձӻڵأҲû¶ӣ
һĴָһħļ㣬ŷֿǽռ˳ӣҾ֪ķ㡣ŷģݵһӣ˭أ
ЦҡҡԴﲻÿɷ񣺡ŷӣˡ
ضͣҪΪֵһس𣿡
ݺһ֣Ļŷ಻ʱһͦأһԣ磬̨ϼ£ݵһ뱱ݵһӶս˭ǿӣδݵһˡˣշųĴݵĿԣԻջأĿá˵ĻǸǵʵʵϣһǿߣѾȫŷĽ¡һΣɱʲôҲǳǿʤװݵһ˰
۾΢΢һУؿŷһۣȴǵʱ¶һĻȣҲȼս𣬶ͷãȻӻ˵ϣõĻе̫ˡô쵺䳡ϼɣ
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ƤһʱһЦͷãȻŷϲͷǷ㵽סֻǽʱ˸ͷ棬ӹôʽҲЦ󷽰ɣ
ӳ֣һǿ飬ʻ֪ʲôж棡
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۾΢΢һУﲻЦһһȭȵٻᣡ
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ȻȻŷ֮ӣһ쿪ʤǺǺǡһȭ׿Цһȴǳһ
̫ˣѾҪ뿪ˣһһǿ԰ȻˡϾС̽ǣûн֮ǰô춯֣Ƕ֮ʱôɹʻ൱
ô˵̽ӣջҲ˲䶯֣׿Ķ飬ȴҪⲻܱɿܣҪǴֲ
뵽׿˵˸ȻҲ΢΢ͷ¶һЦ
ǣǰŽŷȴʵõУǮ£̶ӣһȥѹǰСӣǧٵ

һ׿ȴǵʱ¶ɫŷӣԶǿֲͣǹ֮ˣݵӵˣǻǲȥǸˣ
ʲô̶;Ͷ٣ѵһαڣһ£ǱΪλˣ
ôҵһֶ̼ѣͷù˺˵ǰúƽǺս֮ͽЩɱɱĻǡ
ѽ˶˵̼ƲԹɫôͲأ
գ׿ǻǲɫŷ಻ݺһţŭ̼֣ϴϢͨ˵ǾɢϢˡȥսøλʤӢˣҴȥǲŻ֪ŷ࣬һǿߣδĵһˡȻĻֻбڵ֪ǳȥɢϢֻᱻ˵С˵־˵粻˵أǱӽӮ˻ʲôã
΢΢֢׿ؿһۣȻͷޡԭˣĻǳԶý鶼뵽ˣȻ˫ȫݵһߣʵǸߣ
ǵȻɲǴţʵϾҲ񱾹ľţûһ˼ʶӵӢΰ񲻿ϧ
ٴ͹㷢ŷ಻֮ɫȻ׿ţü㵽Ȼӿ̶ӣȻ롣ʱ̬ȲãͱֱӲʶˡϾЩ˾ǲԾƣҪԷƣûţ
Ƥ̲סݺһ飬׿ؿһۣȴε˵ͷȴһ󸹷̡
ͷĹӸ磬ǹҡģ
ȫ֪׿룬ŷصͷȻ˸߲ҵ뿪ˣлʱţҵøϽζսϢ֪ͨѩ֪ϴθħһսѩûûûῴˬӢˣοɲˣٺٺ١
ңңӸȫ뿪׿̾˿ֿ˵Щ竣̫ԡܶ¶Ǵˣ治֪ÿﶼЩʲôߣ
ͽʤУܰЩıϼһȴЩԵСûޣҲһｵһˣаЦһĵ
ҡҡԴ׿ɫһ࣬СӾҪֶѣ˸ĻʵôˣôһҲνңôţһж󡣽ʱڷһиҲǻǸĻء
꣬սʼʱ㲻ȥˣȥ쵺Ƿ콣ڡסֻһʱѡҹ϶֡˵ȸС곡Ժϵſڣ׼룬𣿡
ףһȣȫһ¡
ǿڲϼ¶ȻЦݡ


1017 
ʦ֡顭
ʦ֡顭
磬쵺䳡Уֻһ̨ĺ󳡵УȴӲˣÿһһɷÿﶡ㵱ॵţͣ˻źΪŷ
׿һֻӥߣܣΧһƬѹѹȺ˻ѷ֮Ƥɺݺݳ˳飬ʧЦѾսڵܽǰѹһͷˣ
ǺǺǡ˭Ǻڵ̣ŷĵͷأȻһЦԱߵһҲ΢΢ͷ
мƲƲ죬׿ȴǲÿɷ񣺡Ȼˣȴеˣе˵ĸоȴ³ˡĻʤˣҲǱһĴڣһЩǫǫӵںȴǲġ˰ĸ꣡
ۡԣ·̬һЦһһЦ
ÿɷҡҡԴ׿̾һˣˣҲʢˡҲԣçײһףҸͷᣬŷһֵ绪ï֮ʱţ»֪գھͷأʲôҲˣҲʧȥʲôҲױɿӵ
ϵľͲһˣӵ˺ܶ࣬ŲΪӪһȫɥʧԽԽ˭һȱǾ飬׺ƭȻ̫೸֮ȴǸƿءؼǺʧȥʲôסһ㣬͵ڿסȫ
лͽ̣΢΢һ˲ЦһҹֺȴֲΪӪȫ֪ϻ٣
΢΢׿ЦϡǺǺǣһͷβħͷ
ϵĻҿûʲôͻƵģ
صĺãñ˷ֶѡҪǰԼ㱩¶ˣ͵ڸԼϼ˰ѵһ㣬ܶϼһﶼע⣬ҾãǺǺǡôô
Ҳңֻԣ˴֮ˣҪ̻壡æһ˼
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ񣺡ȻСӾѣиģȴκˡһ·ңδû̽ҵ˼أҲںǰ˶¶ŵĻҲ͸ޣٻȥˣ
ˣǲңҡҡԴһ
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һ㶣ŷ׿һۣȴЦֶѣαص棬ӽֺ곡棬Ҫҡźȴ̫Цˣժ˵úã
˵ţŷǶȥժ
ժ״Ӧҵģߣᣬ߿ʱȸʱһ˶ǰ׿Ҳһ㣬ħƣЦˡŲںǰ⵱׵Ӧ𵽱ʣ빫Ӽ£
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ؿһۣ׿˴ȻȻͷԭˣŷӻôʹͯӰʹģ
ǰһ˲͸̸ݺ׿ļŷƳ·ȸһۺٿ׿֣صӦңǧƭ
һģ΢΢֣׿ɿЦ
Ȼٸ׿һеŷת뿪ˣֻϻл֮ȥ֮ɫ
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ۣ
˵ͷһЦҡҡͷЩӸ磬治֪ʲôпѰ
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̲סһ׿ʱסˣ˫֮У˿˿ʹֻȭͷҲݺݵ߬ݽҧ촽ѪȴǶûз֡
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Ҷ߻ŮӷţȻ浣ʲôʱͻᵹ£
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Ȼԣ
΢΢һЦħҪǰȴǱһסȻǹڵؽ磬ҪݼǿӾս޿ɺǡֻﻹвˣܲþšɷùڵӰһ㣬и㣿
ˣ
üͷһƣŷ಻бۿǰ׷֮аЦ˵ΪԮݵİɣ治֪ǰǼ˼ǰҷ֮ȥڵʺ򣬱֪һˣ˵Ҿ㱡ǰݣʲôðǾȻָң޴춼ãǻ
Ǹǰɥ֮ʹ󣬱һֱ㱣ʧ˺ܶ취൤ҩȴûЧֻܿԼָˣ
γ̾һﲻǰ˿һۣ̾ھ޴ıըɥþ죬ǻ־塣ҲһŸ֣עĿһսݵһӣҶ۵Ǵδսǲ룬ĳ棬ҲָаϧܺҶʦ൱һսģ޼ˣҲŷһλҲ˵ǰԣ
ԣŷ಻һŭޣԭǰһսɵӵҩ˰Ҫ֪Ҷһս൱ӵģʲô𣿡
ȻǣҪݵһһս춨ݵһӵĵλǲ˳糵һʦöѣֶΪأضŷ࣬ﵭ


1018 Ϭ
ݺݵصǲţŷʱһ˦֣شһıԣ˶Ϸġʲô൱Ķ֣ӿɲΪһŮˣˮһϷֵǣҰ
ʦ֡顭
ʦ֡顭
ʱ䣬ŷһȣȫкڵӣҵöеźҲǰˡ
أ䳡죬񷣬ǹЮڰ׷еŮˣ·뵽ʲô㣬ǲӣηηԱŮһڻοϣжϧˮ
龰ﲻʱһŭȳŷ࣬ô˵Ҳ壬һʤ߼֪𣿶ңǻͬˣȻһ֮Ͷ
ߣҾˮҲһƾеļϷֻΪһ
ƾǼٵģƭһԹˡȻʧǣ۽绹ڡֻҪǿԵļҳҲֻҪʲôֻҪȫԸɣҲ𣿡ؿﲻȳ
ŷһִ֣Ʋͷ

ʱһһɷˣʱһ̤Ҷɡ
ݺݵضŷ࣬Ҷ۲ɼЦݺͱǿӵᣬұûȤҪǽָǰĻҸø֮˽֡ڣߺߡ˵ҵúúýѵѵˡҶ൱㻹䣡
ݵһӣ
۾΢΢һУŷ಻һЦãѵӣܷҲðĻȱӻ㣬һ˭ݵһͷֻҪһȥܻҳģߣ
ʦ֡䣡
ʦ֡䣡
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Ȼʱ˫̣֮һֻȴǵʱηηĳǰһӥߵӰҲ˵ǰǸطͦģɡǿӾսϧˣ
ǸҪˣҪȥƳ׿һۣȴȫûϳˮһЦ
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΢΢˵ͷ׿̾ǰԶҵ㣬ΪӽһԶߣ벻ҪԸˣȴʬϲȹȥĶƣƲƣû˿԰㣡
ؿųǣ׿ȻʣոԣҲ֪٣ʱ׶١
ֻ˫ɫƽƽط·һӤ˯˰㡣ֻץǴֵƣȴǲ΢΢һԽ˽
ˮ˿ǾȻ˳ӵظһ˰ַӦæϣտ
ֻˣû׿ϲ롣Ͼ׿ǶԣǸˣٳأ
Щ̶ӵҲʶʱ񣬿Ůչ˳ǵˣæÿλԼǸЩĵһ㣬վڸ̨ζսˡ
ˣǷҲˣǿԿʼ˰ɡֻ˵ǰͷҿɲˮ
һжһ䣬ŷ಻ٴδһųԡ
һЩŵٴκֻΣ⼤ҵź£ȴҲûκηӣΪУһֱץһֻĵ׸еĵĴ֣ⲻˮŮһ졣
ҶҲһЦվŷ࣬¶аЦݣȻˣӿҪúýѵ⹫ӸһˡȻĻڴǰûչ˺ɩӣֵܵĶ飿


1019 
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ҶۺŷȻվڿ̨ϣļλִ£ҲѸٴ˼־Ͻ̨ϵĽ𣬽˺Ĺڸ뿪
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һһе̳һǱݵеĵһˣ֮Ķս治֪˭ʤ˭ǺǺǡпͷ
ҶĳʤϾ޵Ƿ콣Сϥ³󣬶̵Ȯӣ˫ԺѡθھӢδܴС̣ʧȻһʧ콣⺢ӻδл콣ӣȻ
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˿̨ϣҶ۲Ŷŷ࣬һЦڰֵȳаɣñ˵۸㣬ߣ
УڻصСӣȻҷŴ˿ԣ治֪Ϊôݵһӵġ
мƲƲ죬ŷȴЩĲɣҿŹϯϣѰʲô㣬૳ôûأѵĥһʱ򣬲ȡӦģô£
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Ҷۼˣȴüͷһڿʲôѵ˲ɣ
ãӿõڻظ֣ڻضѣ㣿ȥɣ
һŷһĵƲƲ죬ȻĹϯЩصѵøô棬ҪΪӢˬ˵ĻҲͰ׸ôѩá
ѩ㣬Ҫʼˣ
ŷ̨ϣٳٲֻ֣ǾĿһ棬ϹȴһεĽѩһ·Сܵ䳡У϶Ǽ֮ɫ
η۶Ľѩ̾һ˵ӵıѣôŸ
ô˵ŷȻǱݵһһ˿ĹУεĶֿݵһӰҲǳҲ˵أѩ㣬ѵ㲻뿴ͬ˻Щ𣿡
ЦһϹ˵ɳ㣬䳡Уһ˫ȴǲԾܿţ·ѰʲôƵġ
ʵҲΪⳡŷԼŵװƴսҪ˵׿һ˱Сǿ˸ŸֽڣĽѩһġ
ڻ᲻Ľѩ׿мȴǲôġΪһ׿Ȼҳִ棬һ׼ôһ׿ҸĽѩˣﵽߴڻܱ֤ȫö˸׽ֶΪ
ȻԼС̣Ҳܴ̾죬קԼĺýĽѩƣһ·е
Ľѩ֪ȴĸ˴˴ζսʤ̶˵ʵŷ಻ǡһ֣µӣͷĹӸ磬ƵģļҽȴǼϵģ͸׿ʼչأ콣ˡ֣ȫԸ£Ҳ˶ʮС
ףô˵һӣ䶨ˣ
üͷһϹ̲һЦѩһУǿߣ㶼Ծ֣ȻӮݵ֣ǿӣǸֱ磬ѾûţҲѩ֣˵ҲˣֻҪٻݵһӣǾݵһˣ
εص˵ͷĽѩ̾ǰ֪Ϊʲôô˰ɣݵһλӣϾҪֿɵãȷֵףΪ֮ĩǸһӣǿҲǿȥһվıսѣҲǰɪ
ٺٺ١ôǵɪأ
ЦһϹ̵ʱ¶һΪ񣺡ⲻǵԼôһսӮˣݵһˡҲ˵Ժǵڶܽ޵ˣ
ʧЦҡҡԴĽѩһмƲƲ죺ݵһڶܽ𣿺ǺǣսĴݣҲǰʤֹڴˡһУһˣӮˡǸˡпδڶܽ𣡡
˭üͷһϹؾг
еǸˣò׿
ɫ΢΢˳Ľѩһصݽǵ۹̫ӣﾰ죡

ǰǰˣ
ʧЦҡҡԴĽѩ̾ȥݣǵĻӼ棬Ĳˣ˲żüãʢ˥ţǵȵܹ֮ܽ½Ŀ´ڡһУǵĻӣǰʮÿһвڸݵһӵʵǰλԶЩˡڵһİﾰ죬Ҷһжȥǵڶܽ
̲ͫסһϹ̲شסˣǻĺʤ㰡ԺҲĻڽǵ۹£ɣ
ǰǵǿ˿־壬˾
غһĽѩһįλӼ棬ةﾭγŵģʱ˵Ҵ硣μ棬֪⣬Ϊ˶šò˵ĿĴﵽˡΪǴμʶ˸λӵʵͽǵ۹ǱԽԽ֣һУѡ˭ǿλʱǵ۹ȻĶ壬Ի͵ʱҲһ̣ݾͻڽǵ֮ˣҲžãŷڻڿ̸ʲôݵһĺġ
ؿһۣϹҲȫ飬Ȼصͷ̾ѩʶ㣬ȻҲڻǿʤĺɡ
ѩãˣҵܳʱˣ
Ȼڴʱһȴǵʱֻŷ࿴ĽѩӰ󣬲ʱӶ˫֣˷֮ɫ
Ϲ̺Ľѩ˿ȴֻһЦҡͷ
ʱ˿̣Σ֮£ǵݵһλֻܰһˡ
仰˵ǡ֪أ
Զ׿ĽѩҲˣʱһߵԴ΢΢˵͡
ʱһԵĳȴһֻץס׿ֻֻ֣ؽ˽·οһֻ˫֮лһ񣬽ӭѩ˿У֡
ǸʧģһԵˮǾȻ˶һæǰҪȥÿ
ϾһİˣǸӣôֶҲʰ˼Ұ㵱ӿ
׿ȴ΢΢һֹ֣һؿ˫һЦô꣬ҡ


1020 ƾ
ǡ
׿Ļˮһ΢΢֢Ͻɻ֮ɫǰʶ𣿡
һֱ֣Գʧ״һ˶ᾡӴΪδȴǺԥԮ֮֡Ҹֵǣ˶ܽĳǣȴǶǰˣûһųС
ֻǣǱκ˶ѣʶ̶ȷͬһ㣬ǵĽ
ûϻش⣬׿˰ΣĵҺ൱죬ֻû뵽ô겻ǰļ˻ӡ
ŶԭˣǰѰɣ
Ȼص˵ͷˮһֻ̾޳Щ꣬ȴǳ˲ٵĿ࣬Ϊݺ
ȫǰɫˮ񷣬ЩĵεΣˮһػ˵
׿ôţŰЩÿһ֣жһ㣬ܵʹ࣬˫Ҳٴʪ
ȴҧţҷһֻǱˮ֮С
ԵˣҲֱĹ£ʱ׿ҲԴ
䳡жǺ죬Ͻֻȴ쳣İİһĶֵǰþɢȥ
Ҳˮ˵Увʱ˿˿⣬΢бؿ׿ļϡ
һ̣׿ʪˣеһſŵ֮бڡôΪɷҲֻһʱܽԼļƣӿһ¡
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һ棬źУ˵ĿϾ˼ʹһǡ˶˫Ŀؿ̨ϵĶˣ϶˷֮ɫڴսĿʼ
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˫ȭݺݵ߬߬Ǳ֮Ҷ۽Ŷŷ࣬ȴҧгݣСӣո˵Դսжôأǽ´ţﻹˡԭôһ̣һŮǰ԰ڰߺߣ˹ˣĶԸɧŮǰװųҲԸһҶ۽úýѵһ٣費ʥ޴ˣ
٣˭ɧŮˣŮӲŹģ񲻾һݣŷҲǲɵô
ţһ죬ȫǶȻȫɢɫĹâֺأһеҪϢĸо̨Ľ磬Ҳ˿סǿֲϢȴŷķ콣֮
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սҶĿأȴ˿Ϊ⣬ֻͫһһ𣬵һ𣬵ʱ졣ȵĽɫ棬ʱȫǿֲ¶ȸǺһ£ɢȫ˶ɵ
ֻɲǹóĵשЩڻŤˡ
أսֳ룬һŷյķһҶѵĽ졣
˸ոճУֻǸոշųԼƶѣѳɽ֮ƣƽɫá
龰ڳ˲ȫͫһ׷״ʧɫٲǰһ浹غŷأȫסˡ
ΪսǰûʲôضŷѹԵʤڿȻƽ֣֮ٴ˵ġ
һʱ䣬ȫͣȣʼ˽еȴԽԽų⻪ʵû뵽һлŷ൱һ£һսɾ;ˣ
ЩǰսϼһҲ¶죬ָֻţЦͷֹ
ݵһӣȻ鴫һսеĴඣǺǺǡ
Ϲһ˷ܵĽѩѩ㣬ǰԤϵĲһŷδؾӮ
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ǣȻ㽫Ҽ׿ȥҲݵİ

ȻĽѩĿȴһЦ൱ֻ֤¡ʤ֮ȴдᡣٹ似ȸֶΣʤؼŷǱǿŷ֮ӣЩȻڻ£ֻСӡ
һЦϹ̲ÿɷ񣺡Ǿͽſȥɣ
ȻһЦĽѩҲ˫̨еǲղôƽ˼ֹˡ
Ƥ΢΢ᶶŶԷǲԼƣ̨ϵŷ࣬Ҳǲɵüͷɫ΢̨µĽѩһֿۣҶۣ˫ȭ߬
ǰССˣǰĶȫͬģҲζսǱӵıսˣѩų̂¿ţ̫
ߣսپһʤϵʱ䳤ˣҵᣬӳ࣬ǿɾ鷳ˡ
ĶֱӿԲںؼѩû濴ţǱҲ¶
ţŷһҧʱһ͵طɱҶ
ҶһЦһ˿壬ҲͬһŽţݺײȥⲫѡˣ

춯صһײһȭһźݺݵػһȴǵʱľ졣ǿҵ𵴲͵ɢȥײǸսĽϣȻ˺¡¡Ĳ
ţٴһˣֻص˸㣬ȴҶν˦˦ŵɫۼ׵ֱۣǻаЦݣŷ࣬ȴȻһֻţ΢΢鸡زȵ棬Ȼǳ˰
̵ģСôǿ콣ǿ嶼ƴһ
ݺݶŶҶۣŷҧгݣ˼ˣȴһ㶡һСʦ־Ȼ·磬ôܣ
ֻǣŵЩϼһտţҲǲɵú΢̣Ǿ죺ݵСӺһǵһμ࣬˱أ
벻ݾȻôţѵһأһߣҲͷһ̾
δ䣬һ̾ȴǵʱ𣺡ݵ˲żüãֺֹֻôһ
һ㶣ת׿ȥȴǵʱһô˫𣬲Ϲټƽ콣ķӡôᡭ
ˣǷӡ֮ǿ֮죬Σַ˾ţ֮Ʋҹˣҳ͸ǰͷưɣ΢΢˦˦֣ҡҡԴ
Ȼ˵ͷ˹һݣˣֻոǺ⣿ѵ˵ݻ⺢һĵӴڣܰɣ
Ǳǿ
ʲôôݵһ
ΪǸǿģȻȥˡڵĻϷҴƱδǵڶܽǶԸҰģϣˣֻϧ֮ɫ֮εذ̾
һݣϷź֮ɫ
ϼһ˵𣬲Ǵţɣʲôʱ˲żüˣһ油϶ѹǱݵһһݵһӣǻ˵ã


1021 
ħȻûŷʦһսҲ׿ʦǴδս˼ң൱һˡ
̨⣬̨ϽŵĶˣﲻ΢΢ͷһԵħЦɵúãίˣ
ЦŰ˰֣ħÿɷ񣺡ûʲôֻǳһŷʵֵ´Ź˶ʮУҶʮУˡݵһӣȻŰ裬ʵȴ˿٣鴫ֻϣһսܻЩǵǣҲԵȪ֮µ׿ˣ
ǰһսһϣȥ׿ҲһοжУҲΪˣ
쳤̾һתȴһ񵭵ؿ׿ͷ꣬˿ûΪľһ˿壬ʱһ㶣һԵħָιħǸ˾ǺηʥʦԴȫˣ漣
ؿһۣħҲüͷҡҡԴ֪ߣϲժˣǹҲʶŷոսܣǱ̶ӵģǱˡǼһûݣʶ
ܾãʶĸоüͷţ벻ףҲȥˣǼս̨ϵĶˡ
ʱ˿̣ŷһʧת׿˿̨£ĽѩϣĿ⣬ԼãĽѩġǺݺҧҧҲǽпʼӡ
Ҳӡո֮ʱ¡¡һھ֮ϣѹҲֹסغݺѹ£ʱڳ˶ϢһֱͣƵĸоͬʱҲڼ½䳡ƺ˵ı˪
̲ͫסһһЩϼһʶУгСôͰϵ׶ˣҪƴ𣿡

üͷ̲סһɾǺڵĵؽ似˵似Ǵӷ콣вģ
ɫ΢΢أһֹסص˵ͷǰ콣̲ŷӡ֮콣Ҳˣзƣз죬졣ʵϱǷ콣е֮ҲףֻдﵽԪ֮ܽԼĽ޷Ŵ󡣵ȴܶݵƿؼ֮δԪߣҲʩչԪʵԪ֣֮ܽǿ似
ô˵ĻŷڶʱڳΪԪ֣
˿𾲾ؿ·ս£һ˼磺Ļ൱ˣΪŷ˲ԪҶҪʱ·磿ڻԹԪư߰ߣҶ䲻һڻ꣬ŷҲһԪǷ콣ļ̳ߣһҶʤˣ
ɫһֱ³ţλˣȴһҡͷ̾Ϣ䲻ҲΣ̰֮Ҫ֮ѣͻԪߣһƿغãοǸڻأ֮Լƿظɣ֮˼޹ǾͲˡҪǣʩԼ֮ɣȴ˭ҲȲˣǲأ
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γ̾һĵϣһԷϾͻܱҲͿͨˣ´
üͷһһۣƲƲ죺ǿɾˣҶ⺢ҲǸΪݵһȥǵʱϷ֣ھǸʬˣ

һͣ˱˴˶һۣٿˣȫЦҡͷΪִֵˣյһأ
ڵĳߣΪ˵Ĳϣ䳡еȴ֪һ㣬һŷҪˣʱȸԾ˷
ŷ࿴Χ֮ŮһԿţҲһЦ¶̬֮еӡᶯظѸ١
ӡԽԽ࣬ǹѹֵҲԽԽأ̹ǵĺ⣬Ľâݵڿвͣ˲һսľҶ۵ɫҲԭȵĵ⣬ԽƤֹסţ˫ȭ΢΢
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һɽݺײǽ֮ϣȴǲûбսס׵رǽҳ˵ڣ˲ͽһˡ
սϯΧʱʧ١龰ϯϵ˲Ӽؼźжŷ֡
ȴ벻֪һˣսϯ޷ֱеˣ⿴ֵˣҲȫս֮С
սϣ˶һ⣡
ǲЩϼһȴ֪һ㣬ɫأһʲô£ɾͺʰˡߣСӷҪѡ쵺̨սѵ֪쵺һЩͨӵ̨Ľûôǿ𣿡
Ϊ쵺డŷĶӣȻ鴫ٹˣ΢΢˵ͷЦһôҪҪֹ

һͣһϼһЩΪѣҪȥԣ
УҲŲأ
ɷ۶ÿɷǵĵ̣óȻ֣Ժ֮ǣò֣ϷŻᶯ֡ȻĻڽδ֣Ϸ֣񲻵䣿˵ǺӴ֣ҲǵϺòã
ԣЩϼһﲻɫһ࣬ҡҡͷҲ֣СȻԣ츳Ǹܸܵģδϵİ࣬Ϊ콣ִߣǰ϶£˵֮ʱɨأ
Уһ֮ͽѹСŰˣƽ£ߣһһУĬ
༸ϼһҲΣôĬĬһ𿴣δ֮ǰ˭ΪСԼ޹أ
·ǰƿأŷ಻˷ܡΪǰûܱʹһУǿҲǵһθܵ·ƿһĪļ
ɴһŷʱһָ죬ǧ͵ͷȥֻ֮䣬γһѷų֮ģâӰϰ֮ߣǲƥеƣضΪ֮𵴡
̲ͫסһﲻɴ󺧳ǹԪǿߣõ֮ôᡭˣԷʵһ¸߳ôһأСʦӦԣ
ǰⲻֹһصʵǾڻԪĺ蹵ɲô˵ģ
ħҲǲɵһ۾ݺҧҧԭΪҶ൱û뵽ôһһ£ҶǺѽˣʹȫҲ
ԣҲһ̾ԶԶǳһۣһƾеĶսû뵽ŷôʹȫѹԵȫһⳡս
Ҳ̲סذ̾ͷֻ̨ϵҶۣһԶ׿вŨŨս⣬ٿŷ࣬еĽҲֹסرŷϾļᶨ
磬úÿɣȻǰһУ⵫⼸Ҿûֺ


1022 һ
ӵʵ˰ɣ仹üô˵ͬˣҲ㣬֮ꡣֻҪʶ࣬һһ̨Ļģ
һ֣У
ŷһָ죬߾ԣɢſֲϢĽâŰ裬񲻶ϡЩϯϵĺڵӣҲǸ˷ҡź
ֻĽѩοϹһۣЦҡͷСʵУ־ëȴǺѸˣϲ˴̨档
治֪պݵ˽Ǹʲô붼
ҶҲؿǸĽâȴǲû˿ų֮ɫ¶һΪаЦȣھ¶ۣǲ̫˵㣬ŷӣ
ôѵΪ㻹ܽһɣ
ǽ£ǻ飡һӲӵĻâҶ۲һȫҲĵҴﵽڻ꾳ʩչҴ󣬸дʱõġռȻǡᣬȼʶһ±ӵɣ
󺣣𣡡
䣬Ҷ۵ʱһ쳤Խ죬ر쳹ռ֮䡣һ̣һɹɽɫȹâ͵شڱŷɽ緢һ㣬Ȼֱʣӳ񷡣
ֲ¶ȣѸ͵պ˰գҲΧһƬȵУһ͡Ҷ۵̬Ҳǲ˼ĿУı䡣ɫۼȫǿļأ¡𣬼ݴཥֻգ֮䣬Ҷ۾ȫһǿҰޣͷͣɡ
龰ڳ˲ȫˣѵ޻ꣿȻڻ󣬱̬ٶȻԪת˵ĻܵһҲ˵
ŷˣȴǲмƲƲ죺ΣһǷ콣ڻ꣬Ҳûκã
ߺߺߣΪһڻ̬ûмʶСӣȥɣӸո˵ˣͨߵڻ
һЦҶ۵ʱٴδһ
䣡
Աһ͵ĽɫӿأȻɢȥǿڳ˲ͫһƤݺݱǱӿҷݺݳţʹ
ŷҲǲɴʧɫǳһͷڷڣгɻ
˵ǣֻݵһѣֲսòԱɡЩϼһˣҲǲһĿɿڴǺҲˣ״סˡ
Ҷʲô벻ģûɽˮ֮ʱôԱˣ
Ǵʱ˿̣Ѿݲ˼ȥˣǹ˲ܹϯӿȥٲֹҪһƬ˰
ǺǶ˵׼æȥֹɿֲನŷҲɫһ࣬׼һֱ߾ͷһâԼӿɽס
ǣǶ֣ɢȥĽɫ棬ȴȫͣһ󣬺ر̨ϹһͿ񱩵Ļֱնһ󶴡
ǻƽϢһ쳹ʱ˿ǰһĻȴȻȫɵˡ
ֻ̨϶սŷ࣬ǺҲŵؿǰһУþûزû뵽Ҷ˫Ժô꣬Ȼôһ캧׵ʽ˲˼顣
ֻʱ˿̨̣ûҶӰ̬ڻ̬һɣɫģľڰ֮ϡ
֮նΪ֮һ·ηƵġ
ǰޣභУں֮ʱҶۻΪȻƽǷ֮
̲ͫסݺŷɾǽâȴЩľˡ˫ĿؿƤһ飬૳ãѾڻ˵ݴĶֹ̫̬ˣ
ֻЩҶ۵ʦֵǣ龰Ҳȫסˡ֪Ҷû뵽ҶҲ似սƵء
ŷֽ࣬ģһս
ɷϣһսļҳ̶ȣض׿Ҷ۵ݵһս
뵽ħ˴˶һۣǵЦŵ˵ͷ뿴˳
ϹҲʣץͬһ֮ɫĽѩѩ㣬пͷˣ
ǰݵһӣҲˣȻŷ֮һսĻǵǰĵĻӶԵˣֻǿİﾰ͡۾΢΢һУĽѩȻûǰ֪ʤôǸϣ

һ죬Ҷΰľ̨֮ϣ޴ͫݺݵŷһۣȴǲʱ׿׿
˰ɴ磬ڵʵɡ
ȻЩɨ˵ǣʼգ׿ûп̨һۡ˫һֱڽԳ񵭰ȻݣˮųǵĹȴѹûעе̨ϵĶս
ҡҡ޴ףҶ۲̾ʧ䣬Ҳ⣬ٴοǰŷ࣬¶׶೤ȾЦСӣ㻹ǰţ𣿵ھ˺㣬𣡡

޴צݺһս̨ʱ㽫ķ֮һս̨飬ǿҵŭشܣڳ˶һͣɫɷף·һѹѹһ
ǰһֱΪŷڵǣҲȫˣҳһڶûǸǰ·𲻺һ㣬ǲӦõġ
ʱҶ۾ߣڳûһ˻ɵġ
أȫ¾ǰδеذһ϶Ϊǰ֮ѹѹһУ
ͷ΢΢˿˿亹ŷǰСɽСĻԴȴһŭ
ǲ֪ҶʲôڻֻںϳһҰ̬ӣҲӳһѣãԼһˡ
ﵽ⣬ϵ£ﶼû˵ӣѵһﱾһ
֪Ҳֻ֪֪һ㣬Լıսȫˡʱ˿̣˵ĿⶼеҶϣˣСһ̲õġ
սôೡĴǹһΣ˶˹עԲٵֳôĳ棬ŮȻһ˱ˣӣôܵΪµ³
ǴսʤĻһӶ֣
뵽ŷ಻ݺҧҧҲȫ֮ɫָϵĽâ׺ݣȻˣ˵
䣬ŷƴһȻҶǰɳݺ¡


1023 

ӴĽѹЯ֮ݺҶǾ޴£ϢɢȫǰΪҶ۽׶ȵ¶ȣҲѸٽͬʱҶȼյĻ磬̹ǵĺ£ƺҲЩη壬أز˲ʱһ棡
Ƥ΢΢˶ҶȻҲС콣֮޴ݺһ𣬱ٴӿɶߵĽףֻצץǣݺǾ޴Ľâץȥ

һ죬ըѾ죡
צ뽣ײȻŷ̶Ⱥͺһȴǵʱֲ¡ŷֻݺţĿǵͨ죬ҧгݣҶצץŽ棬ȵĽײͣȼգȴֱǱ亮âϨȴҲǿ֧ţͷˮ
˶ʹ˸ԵʵóԼѹ׶ı£ȴƴ˸൱ֲ١ⲻڳΧҲŽ˫Ŀ֪󾿾˭ʤ˭˭ݵһ
ߣƾ͸Ҷ±Ӱɣ
֧һ̶ӣǰѽҶ˫צļ£ȴɷδⲻŷЩż
ϾҶ̬ʵ̫ǿԼֵ֮֮ԪҲǼΪ̬ȥȻԼ
ȻԼ֮ܽǿʽƿⲿ֮ȴҪķԼԪġԴ־սǼΪսپ
һҲǵһƿôǿ֮ȻļޣӵĻ͵ġ
ŷسһҶɫ̲סݺһҧһٴνϤӡ
ʱ䣬Ӿ֮ϻ۵ּ䣬뵽õľ޴â֮С
أĽٴηǿѹʱҶǾ޴һѹ¡һ㽫̨ѹȥ
龰ŷ಻¶ЦݣѾܸҳŶá
Щڵϼһǣտȴɫһ°ɣ
ԸᣡҡҡͷҲһǡ
ЩΧ۵ӿʦռϷ磬ʱ¶˷ݣǵ˷Цά룬¡һ죬ҶǾ֮ٴνǽ涥ͬʱ޴βһ˦Ƚâһ泤޶ñݺݳ鵽Ǿ޽ϡ

ݺݲһ£޽΢΢ķâ£ŷҲ̲סݺݶ˶ӣӣȴϢңĳɫرѿ
һЦҶ۴ڴڵشŴȴǺݺݵ·ŷһۣЦСӣΪ֮ʵǿĶȥߣ˵㱾ԪֻҪ⽣а𶯣㱾Ԫ𵴣ԪȣͽǣһȫӰ£Ҳûʲô˵ģ
䣬Ҷٴһ泤޺ݺݵس鵽Ǿ޽֮ϡ

ѪϣŷɫȴҪѿжѿ
Сӣ챾Ӹƴˣ
ڣֶԷ֪Լߺŷ಻֪뵽ʲôһҧӡٱ䣺Ҿúÿ콣

ʱ䣬ŷһգǾ޴ĽâǵʱһɢĺȻҶ˶ȥ̬޸ţ
Ҷ۾޴ӣצжʱûһǵʱ˸աκȻֻգ֮䣬㸲ϣϵĻϨȥ˲ɭ׵ı˪
̲ͫסһҶ۲ʧɫʲôܶˡ
˰ɣǷ콣ӡ°ͣŷ಻ЦǿֻҪУѶֺˣݵСӣˣ
ݺҧأҶɫ
ЩտһеϼһǼȴǸɫ֣г콣˷콣˭ֽͬʱõģⲻҪͱ¦𣿡
ôʲô𣿡
üͷ΢΢һΪԼҵӰЩϧĺô˵ɻÿǣѵ˵αȸղΣգ
ص˵ͷһأǰʱǻƿء˽һʹãѿزõĻ֮ʧأ޾ۼǽӡͻᵼһֱߣ˿Կơǧǰǿֽ÷콣֮жϣֹһѡʱҲԺͱ˽û뵽쳤Ϊȡʤһǡʱ̫ԶԵȻǵõĴˣ
ôҪô죬ܲ
ȻˣζҪֹˣ˴˶һۣһµͷҪȥҪֹս
ʱһطȻ˪ҪҶۣأһ޺ϵĽٴȼգȻһ½ǲ˪ըѿǣҲһ˿Ѫ
ͫһŷ಻һЦȻѪǱߺߣûõģ֮޾ж࿹⣿

һȣŷٴνᶯӡ
࣬Ҫǰϼһһʱһɽгڵŷ࣬Ȼǿݳͷԣõǵĺӡ
Ǻǵ֮ɽâ·
ţŷٴα䶯ӡ콣
Ƥ̲סһ飬Щߺ޵Ҫȴֹ
ɲǼĹЩɾ֮µĽâûȫжؼľ˲仯ΪǵصҶ۳ȥ
գ۹򣬱ֽС
´󺧣ҶƴȼϵĽףֿ⺮ȴҲûˡΪӡʹãȻͨ硣
ٲŷƣؼǿ콣ȻҶѹ
龰ŷ಻ɴЦһ˷֮ɫԭӡͬʱʹãԷôԴԴӿ£Ӯˣǰôûأ
㷢ָ֮ʧˣ࣬㴳ˣȻЦͣ£һǵʱǰȳȻת˵ȥ֪ͨ죬÷콣նͨ
һ㶣ŷһĪǰˣϣô£ѵҲǵһ־ͬʱʹõĵһ𣿡
һƨΪܷǲǣ
Ƥɵúݺһ飬һΣȻ浣ǵؿԴԴϴӾ֮ϷµĽâе¶־֮ɫ

ͬʱһ޺֮£ҶǾ޴ٴαǺâסһΣǺȴЩ֣·һ㣬Ҷ棬Ȼ֮ȴǵʱһ
˫һţ˲쳤Хн޾ı塭


1024 ŷ
ݡ
һķɽմܶźݺݵǱ֮УںϽ档ǱҲŭһ¡һ̨ȫ飬ЩںһϢһϢʱȥ
Ӧô£Ϣ˲仮ǰǾһܶ궼Ȼᣬû˰졣
ˣˣرһԴһҡͷ̾Ϣ϶ǿɬ
ŷҶ۾Ȼĵǳ֣һŭ٣ݵСӣʲô˼𣿡
㣬࣡
ҡҡͷλߵʱŭ֪֪㴳˶Ļͷˣ֮㿪֮ͨɷ˷ӡ֮ӡ֮˼䣬ú󣬱ɢ֮䣬ػط򡣡
ͨȴ÷֮ӡΪһ壬൱ڸ֮˸һѿز֮ʱЩ֮ͻԴԴϵؾۼڣͨԶزϡΪѾʧȥ˶ͨİѿأ֮ͻᱩڵģ
΢΢գգãĴ۾ŷ಻ЩɻԴϣ˼ǸСӣ֮۳ɣô㹥ˣһ𣿡
ͱԣ
ҡҡԴǳϲЦһµ֮Ȼ߰ѿأʲô⣬֮۵һ𣬶һһԵĶϣʶصĿ񱩣ûǾǳѣԼ
üͷţŷ࿴һԶһسôǸݵСأ˵֮ϣ壿Լʶأˣ
㻹ң
Ƥ̲סݺһ飬߲ҡҡԴոʲô㲻֪õǷ콣СѾӡˣʶ֮ȫûʶϣʵٺòˡԣÿƣֶΪһ¹ƱǧǰǴδѻҪѽ͵Űɣ
촽΢΢˶ŷһɬǱǸµĺӣűӣ㷡

һ˺ѵأ˦ž޴ܺһϢǽһƬ˱һƬãɽ֮Уһֻٱǰֵ񣬺;ȵݣ¶
龰ﲻʧɫæСʦܣôˣס֣

ûǱת׾һϢ
̲ͫסһ֪еһţԾ군ˣǸæһ뿪Ľ£һȻһƬľ档
ովʲôˣ뿪
ǰһֱڽ£Ҳûעս̨ϵ龰ھȻһȻⶳˮɵʱһ׿Ȼ˫ǼȥȻҪ뿪Σ֮ˡ
ؿһһ񵭣Լͷ˯Ľޣ׿æһ֣Ц£ҪոյĹ»û˵꣬ˮ﷽Ļȥ
ƨôҵ龰ĩհй˵£ңҲҪǵҪסģȻôǺýã
ǣִҪ߳ǰһ̶ӻȴǼץסƣȻһЦȻҼ˵¼˵£ǱûˣҼҲʲôΣգҲᵲǰ棬øλﷸյģ
ؿ׿һֿۣ˿ЩȻٿŰıˮɣȴûа취ֻüͷǿͷˡ
ݸһЦ΢΢ͷ׿ٿԵǣ¶ȻЦݡ

ս̨֮ϣһʱǱϣҪƿȳԼͽǱȴأһǽǹɾȫΪ˱мڡ
̲ͫסݺһɴʧɫôܣⶫʲô⣿
ĪҪ֣ڲʲô˲һһ
ʱݵһһ׺ߺĳǰǷ콣зκ似ᱻӡգΪԼǲܶʲô˲ֻܾڻ˵أ;
̲ͫסһɴ󾪣ƳһЩʧ룬ֻ˵أȴɺܲбϢסĵӺֿߵǰô˵޵ˣζԸܲôȥŵȫסɣ
˷ģⶫܷӡȴⲻס֮
һȭһָЩڲϴӾ֮Ϸµ佣뿴ͨȻͨⶫһ֪ƣ۵ֻܶš÷콣ͨӡٽ飬ɢ֮Ȼӭж⡣ʱ㣬ܽͽȳģ
üͷֹסţǱһۣٿΧЩǣȴһֻ̾ܵͷͬˡ
ϾⶫǸĹһ£ոӦǾŷ̯ӰɣӸģߺߣ
ŷۿŰԼҲƲˣԽԽ࣬ȴǿҪ޳ˡ
ϵ˿ֳ棬治֪һննҰء
ŷ࣬ΪԵʣŸѰʱһٻӰȴǵʱǰϹŭɫݺݶĽѩҲŭؿɸֵӡ
ֻĽѩֳ˴Ļ£ǣ޹ϹȴǸΪ׿Ǩŭһţһ߻ĴѰ׿Ӱӡ
ɢӣҲ֪ܲҵˡŷԼŮѣһεصԴûκα粵
̬ȣǱϵǰҪ˳ӡ
ҵˣ
ڣϹҵ׿˵λãȴû˰ﾲţһС
ⲻǲѹﵱô̫֮ûˡ
ҲǾԼҲΪԱߵǶܹˣʣ׿һǶɪװơ
ڣǱһ޺ǷԼһ̤͵׿ȥɭĺûȻܽһı˪
Сģ
龰Ϲ̲һæȳȴȻˡĽѩת׿ȥûг룬ϾҪΪǹƷҲǲɵһؽ
ʱһȴ𣺡ţⶫˣ
ˣ
ɭĽھ֮ö֮һɫӰת˲Ｑ

ŷһУȾϲֺ£ȴǵʱǰһ¶ϣ֮ɫ
ݵһ֣ŷ죬ڴŷ콣ܼҶͱĲоˡ


1025 ׹צ
콣ն
ӿĿ紵Żɫ۷죬һŵӣзŵâϣ֮ɫɢտɫĳڻɵ£ȴųҫ۵Ĺԡ
ϬĽâǷҪһΪƵģУ쳤ХĽڽⶥ֮׶㣬ϾҪԽããռʣǱ
龰˶һȴⱱݵһֵ֣һ̡
ǣһնһĴȴ쳹ƿգ飬Ǳ֮зűԺӣỺ֣Ī
ʲôȻˣǧǰǴ֮ۼȫͬ
̲ͫסһŷ첻һͣҪһҲͣת׿ȥȴǺ֮˲Ǳˣݺɡ
ٿԶ׿˵Űıŷȴ˳ɡǱԶֲ֪ǱӡĵӴںδóóȻһ£Ȼ԰ѿطִ磬˫ͽꣿ
һĻǰһˣȻǱݱ֮£ȴǽάȣݵһֶ֪Դ
ǾһˣˣάݼĽ飬һ˶˺أ
üͷţŷ֮ȴԾݵȣأ⴦۷Ҳжϡ
Ҳ֮䣬ѵĳʱȻȥ׿Ŀ񱩣Ȼ˭ֹˡٻӶ棬֮ʱǱѽ׿һ˺ˡʱն˱Ҳ޼£
ڤڤ֮Уŷ쿴ûѡ񣬵ʵѾѡ
ҶǺԳҪˣݵĵλضͬСɣİȫҲҪġȷİȫҲǿԵġ
˵ԣƽȣУֺγƽȹ
뵽ŷֲֽ˽̾˿û뵽һɲǣջǰܸ֮ˡ
ףȻ˵һûΪıǸעݵˡ
޹ؽҪٶҲνҪһһֵֶĶװ
ݵĵһ֣ߵúܣȴӲԾУ
Ϲ̿׿ѣ;ģŷˣ¸һ˿ϣⱱݵһǾһһȴڼ֮ʱָͣȴ˲סˣô£Ϊ֣
ǰϵƽʱѣضεôô֣Ǿ̫Զնƫˣ޹𣿡ŷҲһ֣г
Ƥ΢΢˶Ľѩһпȴһ̾²½ƫԼȻƫˡ

쳹أѸ͵ı޿ƥеѹȻ׿˳ȥգۼĺǽⶼΧһıֻҪһᶳȴ˭Ҳˡ
ʦãˮʦá
龰ﲻɴʧɫгħҲ¶˼̬֮Ϲ̸̲סСģ׿
ǣǿçıȻ˿ֹצ׿ǰ˫צط̶ݺҪ汻ˣͱ˺Ƭɣ
ǿµצϮˮŮȫסˣһ飬ȫǿ֮ɫʱһƽ׿ȻУȴǳԹ֮ɫ
˵ǿܣҪװƣںˣܶܲˣǲؼǣԼΪλҪǣǣûָǣôϡͿôİˣǲʰ
˵ôԣһᣬǲҲˣ
ţˮԼ֮ʣת׿һЩ̶ӻȴֻǾƽ糣׿ǰϹž
һ㶣ˮ¸̡
ôҲһѰôᣬһҲԩû
֪׿һ·Щ׿˼ӼԦ꽣ԲֻܽҪû¶̬֮˵һоգҪġ
ڣ׿ųǵƣͷ῿ţȴǲûκξ֮УǱƽʱƽǻʲôɵĵģ
֮һ·Ƕ׿ƿķڷͶصġڱ˵ֻһ׿ţǱ㲻ţΣ˵

ĺԴǿѹǽأͬƨµΣȫݺѹ˵صʮ£Ǳ˫צȻץǰ
ˮһһǿҪιȥΧߣħĽѩŷˣǼȵǣΣ߬ȭͷȴʹŷǳ³һα˫ҡҡԴȥ
ϾǰνЩ˵ȴΪɣԣ
˳Ůһۺ΢΢ҡͷЩΡΪܾȳҶݵδֻЩҪĵˡ
ۣ
Ȼ˶Ϊ׿ЩҪˣһֹ̾ʱһȴͬʱǱѸ͵һǱצҲأȻͣ˿ռʵУѹһ
̲ͫסһ˿һУؾˡ
ֻʱ˿̣Ǳ׿֮䣬һֻڵצȴȻ׿ڴܳ˲ͽǱֻצӲ˿Уǰһ֡
ôܣ˵ӴȻûӡô£Ƥ̲סһųϿһĻ˼似꣬һԪϷӡڣôܻ˽ӴȻأ
ռٸŷ죬ǰĳҲǲһټ۵ӻҲЩˡ
콣Ȼٷ죿
⡭ôܣ
Ȼ׼ҪɥµˮŮƬ̺ûȵ٣̧ȥĳצʱҲǲ˴ȫӦ
޵еǰֹ˵Ĵڣôô׾ͱ
㡭ת׿׿ˮŮǾ֮ɫ
ûпǶһۣ׿ֻǿһԳɵȻбͷ񾲵Ӻ󣬲ȻһЦٿͷڲץıһۣɫر
徲ˣ
׹צ
֮ͫУɫ׷ӿѸǺɫצҲһ̣ǺɫצرΪһֲֻ׾צ
ž쳹֮䣬鱬Ϣشÿ䡣
ҲһɲǣЩ䳡дĵǣǺŷ֣Ҳɵ¶˾֮ɫ
ڸոջצʱ˿̣Ǻɫ׵ĿֲϢУȴͷһκе¶˾ֵݣмڲֹ


1026 һ
䣡
ֲצݺһǱ˫צʱ¡һмǱмػرڣ޾˲佫Ǳмȼմʧ١
ֹסزǱĺˣ϶ǿ־֮ɫ
ô뵽һԣһӣ˺۸һˣôֲķ֮ӡˣ
β΢΢˦ţǱӣһšϵı佣âһһȥʧȥ˫צҲУʼָ
׿׾ͻôϢ֮ѾˣǾһɵף
һâ׿һǵ׾צʱʤ׷ֻգ۹򣬱˲ץǱԴ¡һһץ˷顣
ͬãڱм׷֮У֮ɵıʱ׿ֲ£˲仯Ϊޡ
ţ׹צ˳űԴһ·ǰץţϰɵۿɼٶȺѣֻǼĹ򣬱Ȼצһ·߸ͽ£ȫɱɢ١
ǱڣצһգȴץεĶص׿ߣһɣͨһ˵ڵϣȴҶɡ
ֻʱ˿̣ƺոս⣬ԴʮԺλƶϣЩ鸡Ҳ֪ô£κ૵лˣ硣ô꣬û뵽һǱȲ㰡
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һУڳ˲ȫȫˣ
һ߰ŷ࣬Ŀɿڴؿ׿þûزô뵽һ̶ӹ£Ȼһ֣
ٸոһУ˲񼼣̾ΪֹҪ֪ӵзıûףҲδܷӡﰡ
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Ϲ̿ҲĿ羴֮ɫǵ׿ͳʮָ۵˫֣˿׿ͷƽʱȴһϲɫɵɻ֮ɫ
ŮˡʲôϵΪһûƽദ
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Ȼʱһȴǵʱ𡣲һæתȥȴĽѩüͷ΢壬ض׿ﲻţŸ֮ɫ
һϹҿûע⵽æѹʵѩ㣬ǲǿˣôܿǹһģ
ȻߣԱǸʶ
оâһĽѩʮȷոкɫҲʶ½ɫĻҲϡ٣ˣ
ݺݵ߬߬ȭͷϹ̽ҧأ΢΢Դǳ֮ɫⰤǧıѩϳˣôԲȥأ
ѩһϳһᵱµģôźã
ֱţϹ̿˿׿ֿĽѩЩΪѡ
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龰Ϲ̳æѩ㣬㲻Ҫ¶ȥˣ治Ǹˣ
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η۶ĽѩÿɷȻһֿۣԶ׿̾ʵոһ֣²ҽҷҲΪʸ֮ˡںڣƻص㿴ˣ¶ݵģ
Ǿװһɣ³һϹת׿˿׿ǹ֮ɫ
ĽѩˣҲһ̾ҡҡԴȴ˫ˡ
׿һоڣһһ׿ߵȻƵ۹ˣΣ
֪
΢΢˵ͷ׿ת׿һ񾲵ĳǣȴ΢΢һЦֵõġˣӦôûĿɡǷģǷġ
૳׿˫Щ磬ǻһȻһͷ˻ȥ
ˮŮ׿˫ȴǲЩסˣǵĸоϤ֪ǰ
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һЩסˣǮҡǱݵġ
ԣ
ޡݻǳ˲ŰȻص˵ͷ׿һۺһ󸹷̡
һֱΪݳҶۺ׿˲ţѾˣû뵽Ҳô˽ܵ飬ôǽɽв˳ɧ갡
磬Ҫˡ
ţ쿴һҶ壬ֿˮǣϷǻȥˣ

ˮʦæһͷҪȥ뿪׿ȴְ˰ֹ֣ǡ
ת׿һһƽĳǣ˫δ׿˵λ̨ǰȥɡλҪƽͱˣæԼȥɣϾλ̨˵ŸҪǧ飡

һͣ仰֮⣬ԾڷʱҶ۶˵ľҲһ̾˵ˣһȭҶ뿪
ˮԭأҪô
ৣ
ʱһƿŷӰ䵽̨ϣһԼνӣҪһƺȥȴǰŷŵһͷܣʧ롣
ӣ㴳֪֪
֪ˣոռλѾҽˣԴίŷæ⣬ָյڵ֮ǲӦȰͨӡ֮й©ô£ôûнˣ
һŷͨ÷ӡˣΪѾԶˣ
ףô棬ǸղŻ
㻹ǲ֪ǲǣ˵ոճѾ˵ˣҧгݣŷһСӣˡ֮ҪӲ뷲䣬˲ٿءһ־ӡرΪӱˡղţӣ֮ľۼءڣѾٵʣȻûˡ֮·Ȼָƽˣ
Ȼص˵ͷŷס
ʱһȴ쳣ᶨȴǵʱ쳹˶ǰŷ࣬´ս
תۿȥȴ˲ǱˣǱҶɡ
ߣսս´һֽӮ㡣㣬ݵһλӣǱӵģ

ȻЦδ£ŷ̲ס׺ݺһģսƨӸͱ¦ͱòǲǣ˵ˣһݵһѾô
˵ţŷоâһת׿ƽӰ
˼ҲԼͬؿ¶ʱȻһС
Ҳˣֹݵһô򵥣Ҳ˵ء


1027 
ؿ׿Ǹŷжʱζӳ£ȻҲʶ˶Էǿ󣬵Щ૳ûʽȹ˭֪ʱ˭ʤ˭
ʽôֻǸոһ£֮ܿĲ๻ˣ
Ƴһۣŷת׿оâڣһµҪ֪ոǱݵӺĹ൱Ƕʩһж˼׵£Ĳ಻ԵơĹǿ屶ϣҡ
΢΢һͣŷ˵ɫȴҲ˵ˡŷˣһ֣ʲô
ǿķ콣׽˵ˣѹƣݵһӽͬûаƿԣӮˣ
ʱһԵĽѩ̧ǰһʱŷû˵Ļ
ضԼĸףѯʡĽѩһۣŷ͵ص˵ͷѩ˵ˡֻϷ߽ô꣬û񽣽Ƶǲܽ콣ҲûСӡ˻Ǻηʥ
۾΢΢һ£ŷݺݶԶ׿ţнɻ˼ˣҲһؿ׿²ٲԼ˵ģһ̼С¶ѡ
ĽѩһԿţϹ̵ԼûнҴǴʱ˿̣˵벻˵Ҳ޹ؽҪˣΪ׿Ѿױ¶˵֮ڣ۹ȫϣ˲ˡ
ҲƾһΣյڣܲ˵ģ
˶ôضһڹ۲һֻϡжƵġ׿Ҳʲô¶û㣬ôԵ˲㲻ô
ºŷ죬֪ʲôˣԺεأҺкιɣҲϸϸ۲һֻ׿ҵĳȻƽȻȷǷضǵ֮ŷǻǰ׿ȻԵһȥվߣӸո׿һУҲҵ֮һȭ
²һݣ˿һУȫɫһࡣŷ࣬ţ۾Լĸףñݵһ֣ȻһСʩƽ֮񣬶һɼλݵһ˵У׿Ŀأ˿֮£ֻΪ׿ոһǾצ
Ͼǿǽ޿ƥеķ콣˲ݻٵһУ˵˾Ƿ콣Ŀǡܲ콣ִߣ¸ӿأ
˵˵ʵԶȴ־壬״֮
̧ƳƳ׿֪һ£ԼҲڲΣҲͲôнǻָģΪˡλǰҲ񣬾ôţŷǰǮһ¶ѣΪʣЪţ˶ѣ
Ǯҹ£ǺǺǡϷСǮҵĵϸһɲˣ
Цҡҡͷŷ첻ÿɷ񣺡Ը飬±ʡĿǰ̬ͻȻִ˴ҵһ̿֡δ©˵ûҪίˡʲô֮
䣬ŷɫһ䣬ԱЩߴ˸ɫ
˼һȺԪĸ֣ʮ֮࣬׿ǰһ̶˵Χ棬ˮйͨ
龰̶˲ɫһ뿴׿ķԸ
ϹҲǲһ˫ȭ̲סؿץţüͷ壬һĶᵽɤ۶
ĽѩӣȴҡͷЩݵӺͺڵĵǣؿһУȴķչ
ˮŮǳסˣ׿һգգжԻ֮ɫôλһ󹤷򣬾ͱΣշӣҪأ˭
ûκζ׿żͷǷܰǻȻĻȣȴȫûЩ˷
̧ŷһۣ׿ŷǰɷٸҵʱ䣬ٺú
ٺúҪʲôüͷһŷ첻ԣת׿˿ܣȴǸ׿ˣʲô
ȻһЦ׿ĵҡҡԴŷǰغɣ¾ûʲôĿġ˵ոǱһ֣֮£ѩϦ֮ͦķ羰
ͷ羰
üͷ̲סŷ׿˿ķԫϱڣ˪ѩ꣬ȴֿ׿ǻ΢ЦĻȣ˲Ȧˡ
Ѿô£ҪץˣȻûûûûŭ˼ͷ羰«﾿ʲôҩ
ؿӥ֮£׵˫ͫŷȴأסˣֻ޾ɻ
׿ҪôҲ㲻Χ˿ŷһֱûоҲ֪¡
أ˶ôɵ㶵Χ׿ߣȻɫңңԶգȴǲ֪Ǻá
˵ʵôЩϼһҲʶ˸ָĶ֣ٽƻĺҲ׿ģǵһμ
ӣ
Ȼһ𣬳΢΢˶Ƥǻĵ˫Ȼǰ࣬Щ׿ļͷ뿪ˡ
ˣ
龰ˮǰһгжο֮ɫˣûƽϢû뵽֮أ˯ôʱ䣬Ҳ漣ˡ
˵ţˮвâ׿ؿ˳һۣҲ΢΢ͷת׿ŷŷǰ߰ɡˮͽչˣ
ѵ˵ոһֱ´
²һݣŷؿ׿ǹžɫȴǺʲô΢΢˵ͷԭˣϷˡɣ
˵ţŷһ֣׿ߣ׼Ѻߡ׿ҲԽǽˮϣҪת뿪ھâ
ǣģνСӾˣұ뿪һɿˡ
ž
Ȼ뿪һȴطȴǲ֪ʱǯһ㣬׿Ʋš
²һ׿ת׿ȥдһ˿ϣѵ˵ǻָˡ
Ȼźǣļ˵Ŀɴͣûаֻֻ֣ȴ·ץҪĶᣬԽԽζ֡
ˮ˵ͬһôֲˣ
ⲻˮһΣ֪βźãͬʱɻ󣬽ôˣֻ׿·ȻһУһץָǣֻǱΪˡ
ۺʱεأʧˣûˣǷݸоǲġʱ˿̵ĳǣƾоѰ׿
뵽׿вһʹתŷ죬ᶨŷǰҪ´ܴλ𣿡


1028 ѩ
ԣֻҪݵ˲ͺã
ؿ˳һۣҲ״׿ߣҲﲻʲôʮָ۵ƣǰһУŷҲ²µ˵Ĺϵ֮˵ͷ
ڻ֪׿ǵУݱԺδŷȻ
ԣ׿Ҳص˵ͷЦЦֿˮдΡ
˼ٿ˲ᣬӦýǳǽԲ档˼ǵ˵ͷɿųǵ˫֡
Ҳһ̣ǵɵһصĻȣ׿ߣץҲࡣ
ţںһųϵѺ£׿һ̶ӱȫߣصûʲôֱˡ
һԿһеϹ̣ȴһһǵؿ׿뿪һֳŨŨĺɡǵһο׿ϸضһŮˣڰ˯ʱһ˿һܵš
ֻǸŮˡ˭
ˮʦãոô£˭Ϊʦýˣ
Ҳ֪ݣֻ֪ƺ൱ʶǰŻƽҾߣܶԲкô
ʱ￴ոյ龰æˮˮҲƾоߣûо˼ǡ
һԵħƺһôôͿ˲֪ϸֱڿˣѳǽһʱǳǵô죿Ǻڵ̣ǾȻǲȣ˼ҿɲΪһݵӣ˴ʲô
ǷҪʲô취ֲûոճǰֶˣǲֵģ
ʧǣȻȡ֣ѵҲû𣿡
㡭
ħˮһ󳳣ȴüͷ壬˼һУŷһȭŷǰոǵʧķʦøǲϸˣʱǰչˣĪʲô⣬
㲻ض˵ˣ׵˼ģ˶ʦãûκδ⣡˰֣ŷ˲Ļ
һ㶣¶ɻ󣺡ǰôôȷ
˸ոնʦõĿãʦöҲǲƭ˵ġЦһŷ첻ÿɷ񣺡Ϸ߽꣬ǲῴ۵ġʦߣӦǾ԰ȫĺˣ
Цһŷݺͷ뿪ֻһԭذ˼еľҲԡ
ţŷߣȴɫسһƺݺ̧𣬾Ҫ£ŷһʱһԴĶȥ
Լǵӣŷݺҧһȴգӣ֪֪ĻֻЩӡ˵ĵӣһҪ̧һ⡣ؼ콣һ뿪Žͻʱǲܽûô죿ʧǧˡ
ӱȰѽŻȥǮµ£¾ȼ£һжƽʰ㣬ߣ
ݺһ˦ӣŷʱһ̤ţ˲ˡֻŷ࣬һίС񣬿ϵ뿪ıӰݺݱ졣
°ϣԶƽɣϵͲˣ
ŷడ
ƺ룬ĽѩЦһתһԵϹ̶̣˵ôͲ㡭̶
ǣ֪ʱϹ̵ӰҲʧˡ
һ棬õŷ׼ȷ𸴣οһħˮ˵ģɢȥˡ
뿪ǰȴ˼أԴв֪˼ʲô
ˮ뿪䳡󣬻û߼ǰȴǵʱһٻӰһ㶣С㣬ǡ
ݣϹ̣һȭϹˮһ
ɻˮһ⣺ϹС㣬ʧʧֻͻȻסҵȥ·Ϊ
֪ոǸһУ޾ϸܸˣؿˮ˫Ϲֿ
üͷ΢ˮһҲǲ֮ɫΪǵ£ôȤ
ǿǼɴˮ˼ȴ΢΢˵Դͬˡ
ʱɽͩҹĻ̡֮
ݵһһէ֣쵺ϣһĸ¥ϣأƲʱƮɹ¥̬֮
һŷӰʱطǰȥȴ¥мλãڷһֻףֱ׵̨ͭķţ̨ͭԿ̣ڹԡ
˿ŷɫ£з콣һᣬ˫ϣͶǸ̨ңң£ŷ죬豾ڷһã˹黹λ磬񽣹λ
ǺǺǡεǻ
أͨڣһϵЦţĵ׺ӵͷĳͭܣŷ죬Ц죬轣˵ڳصĴ£ҲʣͽȥˣϾʱȡǰܸø˰ɣ
ɫһŷ첻ҡͷŲҰӴЩɴѡ
һ̾Ϣţŷ콫ȥ˵һ顣λɫҲ΢΢˳
⺢츳ǸӣϧôϲԲʵԽǿԽ죬ӣ㵱̵źãպɾΣضŴҡа·Ŷݣ
λָ̣ףһݣŷߣ˼ˣҲ΢΢ͷٶԡ
ӡһ˵һ죬ͭһռ䲨Ǵķ硣һλ߻һУŷϵķ콣ʱշ䵽ͭϿհ״Ʈ
ЩҲһһռ䲨ΧĽٴκϡ
һɲǣһ£콣ȴǹâţ̹ǵâأشŹ⻪ֻнƣǹ⻪ȴûзɢ򣬱㱻µͭ˲ˡ
ͬʱŵĽҲ΢΢һ𣬷˵⣬аȶ졣
龰΢΢ͷˣһŽְȫˡǲܽҲô׽ˣǺǺǡ
ûλ컹Ҫʹȸˣ΢΢һͷŷٴһݡ
΢һף˻֣ͬ⡣㹧ŲˣȻһ̤ţ𴦷ȥˡ
ֻ˭Ҳûֵǣڣ⣬һٻӰһԣ쿴һУ綾߰žâ
ѹҪķ󣬾һ˿أԭñǿؽߣѩϿ
һֻӰһ䶯ӰʱǺڰ֮УͭĸһߣƤ΢΢˶ɫĸϼһ֣൱ڽʵŷ֮£Ҫɲס˵һս𣬱Ȼǳ־֮սһΧɾ鷳ˡôأ


1029 ¶
ڰ֮Уضĸ϶ţһس˵׿û뵽ںⱱݵһŵȻʲô׵顣ŽҲ׶֡
Ҫô죬Ӳǿ
üͷһֱţسΣȴûа취ֻȴһֱֹšҪС־棬ôأ
ƽһ˳ᢵӣӦҲڻ°ɡôҾʲô벻أ
ü֮Ѿšһ񣬰سϣڤ˼룬ûʲô취
ʱ˿̣ڽ֮УԷ콣һϣʵҲƲɡοĸǿͷǶš
νǹ£ȱͭǽڣָιƣ
ҪȥСӵ
תţ׽ֺܿݺҡҡͷԼĴ㡣вУ˵ǽǵȥҪЦ꽣δ棿
ӲĻҪǺã
ңķ꽣ûޣʲô취
ûһҲûа취ҾĿǰ̽Σֻһ繤ѣȻʱ䲻ȫƻ⣬꽣ëǮϵûСһȥ׸ҲһһûС
ţû϶ûޣҲ㶪Ǹ޽֮Ⱑ
ţһԼοȻȻҵ˷̨ףһٴǺڰ֮Уĳˡ
Ҫȥ׿Թǲɵ񣬺ߣ
ǣ֪ʱ˿̵׿ѱڵ˿ˡ
һ棬ڣƻͨವһ죬ŷس̧һȴһ㶡
ֻʱ˿̣⣬ݵĺͺƶڳ
˼ŷˣһȭѾ֪һ˰ɡ
Ȼ
΢΢һͷָָǶ˵ոպͲѾһˣû뵽ǮϷȻͬѰҲûϵһλַǷˣһоͽɷγɵľˣ˾̾Ҫ֪ûҲ޷Ը֮ۺģ
η۶ƲƲƲ죺ôˣһϸݵϸϱȻˡһûɣ
Ҳô˵
Ȼ䣬ȴʧЦһڰֵ˵˹죬ʵǿȷʲôġ˺Ҳ²⣬Īԩˣ
ԩˣֱ岻ļһڻʲôⲻɣѵΪݵ̽ӣףٵĲɣңԩΣֹؼʱ̣ɱŹҪʹǳֶβУ
ɲɣ֪Էͷնɱ˲ǵǸ鷳ƵĻȴǼҡҡ֣üͷţأ·ʲôµƵġ
ӣƲЦһ˵ݷзһħɽѰɣߺߣһҧʮ¾˵ħɽ˭ûҲеĶĴڣҲʮֿ£ĵѵ¶ǣôô磬ֱˣ
Ҳô磬Ҳһ
Ƥ̲סһ飬𵭵ʵ֮ǿݣм˿ɱȣħɽ֮أ˭̳ܽĵӣңħɽĻǻ治˵
Ǳħɽ˵ӣħɽĶұж⣬ѵǻҪЦӭίȫУ
ħɽ֮£ֻҪǲǣҲΪУ
أ
ᣬٴᡭ
ˣ
ͲƳݣһ䣬ȳǺڵؽ磬Ҫδ˵ȣǺĺãͲλˣ
˴˶һۣŭһȴǲ˵ˡ
ο˿ǣ쳤һֿŷ죬ôõģ
ûԸ⴦ãҿǺǷǳ֮ҲҵѡüλϽһˣԪͶ磬ʱֻԸ
Ǻãǳ콣Ʒôˣ΢΢˵ͷʵ
΢΢ŷҡͷǵķ콣֡˵ǲǷӡƽӡ¶һݵġΨ콣ķӡ֣֪ν⣬Ҳ˺ܶ취޿κΡ治֪ӡѽǺηʥӡ˵áҪ⣬ǻоһ¡
ǰϹٷҲͷ¿ôѵķӡȻԼоƽ֮˴궼û⿪ǰƷʱϼһײһӶ˵ܰɣǺǺǡʧЦһҲǳ̾
΢΢˵ͷŷҲƲƲ죺ף㻹˵ˣҲһǽĽҽȥӡһһֱڹأ
ϼһܣ𣡡
ϼһҲ֪أǱܣǻͱη۶ŷ첻ʧЦҡҡͷ
˰֣ɫһࣺˣλץ⿪콣ӡΪҪһԺáӡ⿪߶úоһ£λǮµͬδã
΢΢ͷһָֻͬвüͷɴоʲôֱɱ˲ˣ
У
Ȼ䣬ƳһۣϾǺڣɷһŵĹأҪĴ߶ˣ

μһͣƤһ⻰ʲô˼
ǺǺǡӦ֪Ǻڵĵؽ磬˵һһϷ൱ŵӣһֱǮһ˵ĶҲȫȻĻΪճ£һڸ״ľأ
ҡⲻҲΪ˺ڵİȫôǧ밡Ƥ̲סһ飬ƲһЦ
ž
ı۰첻ȻһЦ£Ϸ򲻶ĻҪԼеĶˣСԽ֮£ԺɲҪˣ
²һݣؿһۣ΢΢ӣ˵Դ
ϼһȫƽʱôƣ
ͬһʱ䣬һռؼΪĵУ׿һ˶ΪĬĬͭǽڣӲʯвεĿռ磬˹棬̤һ
ȸһԵνΪǸСЩڳǽˣϾһȥ
׿Ҳɫƽúܣ˿ֻҪл߬˵ֱ㹻ˡ
Ҫô죿ǰԤƣྶͥһ׿ǰĳ
ȻһЦ׿ҡҡԴ£ƻϲϱ仯ƾͼƱɡˣȼ죬ٳȥҲ٣
ڶǿÿǺܽаգ
ûյĻһǫ̂𣿶죡ݺݵһۣ׿ֿһɫɴ͵ĳǣ³һ˻ҵǾͦõġϾȥΣڵϦһ죬һˡ
žžž
ģһһЦҲȻ쳹μ˶ڣҹȻµû׿֣㡣㻹ûֻŻˡ


1030 ̽
üͷ΢΢һ͸ӥߣ׿ת׿֮֨ѽһŴ򿪣һϤӰȴǵʱǰȴɡ
ǹȻЦݣвЩһ̤ǲʯݣ׿
ЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷĳôôȷ
Ϊ֪֮󣬶ʦ֮ˣΨ׿֡ܿܿʦ÷ĵģҲֻ׿ˣ
ؿ׿оâڣ̾Ҳģһȥѣ»ʱŷǰһȴһ󵨵Ĳ롣˵ʦ֮飬ῴ˼ᶨƵ飬ҲֻˡԵܵ£ΨһܵˣȴĿܡҲصؿǷĻˣ
ʧЦһ׿ҡҡԴḧԼյϣժ£¶ϤӣֹȻ˼ϸ壬汻ˡǵûҺҶĻݵһӵţʵ鰡
Ȼ㣬㡭Ļˡ
û׿˵ʲôֻǽǵȻЦݣвʱоâζӳ£òųƽ˼飬ĵֻŲһ¶ѣû뵽¶ˡֻô꣬Ȼȴӣܵȥˣ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿û˵ֻǳĬſ
˿Ƴһ׿ĳǣЩҡҡԴж־ķʲôҪ±Ҳû㡣ʦø֮ˣӸԤ٣ӸƽҲòʦΪӣͷ׷ѩ˵ǶѾʧˡ㡭ƺѾָһͷŨܵĺڷǱúܺðϲˣ
˵ﻰЩŭҵֳ㣬׿÷ֲΪԼ
ûһ䷴׿ôվĬĬŶԷָ
ΪһеĵһˣħңСʦܣ㶼Ǵĵ
ţݺݶ׿۲ǣʵ㶼еٮٮߣǶķڷں˵ѣҪΪ㱨ѩޣֻعֵҲڡΪ׿ףֵҲĽչˡħ޷ļһʦҲչмӣⶼΪⱲϿɵ֮סأթһʧꡣԲһֱعʦãֵôȭȭ⣡
Խ˵Խŭ󼸺
׿ôĬĬţ񲻾Щ磬૵֪껹ˣʱҲˡʼվãʱĨƽһЩʲôԴʱڣʹҲ⡣ٹһʮ꣬Ҳʹ㲻ôˣʮȻһС֮ðˡ֣Ҳᱻʱ嵭𣿿ǡ
˵ţ׿ֻһ˫ȴأһʹ˫ۣҲ˵ȥˡ
ʦõȲôʱ䣬ȷȻıѸһˣؽţҲɫ£һأֻ֪ȻΪβӸո䳡ʲôϳߣҲָǣҲǲܵ¡Ĳҩҽûκ鵤ܾҩ
ҡҡԴ׿ȴһ˵ҲܼΪұҵġ
ΪΣ
ΪãҲ뺦ؿ˳һۣ׿ץֲֽ˽ȻֿҪˣһ𣿡
üͷһﲻһʲô˼
ڵѾԼˣ֪ʱͻᱻȥҲ³һ׿һȻ
ؿоɲȻҲ֪ʲô鷳Ҳ˼˵ôΪţ
΢΢˵ͷ׿ȴûٳƺ൱ƣ۵ӡ
Ǹոʧ̬ˣӦ֪ʦò˾飡ϸϸ˼ﲻ΢΢һǸ
˰֣׿ÿɷ񣺡ûʲôոһٳһ㡣ߣЩǶչˣҸøлǲŶԣ
ʧЦҡҡԴȴһݸ֮ݣʦֵܣӦõģ
ߣʲôӦõģǸ˽Ůˣ
ȻʱһŭȴǵʱſλôҪ˵˫ԺʦֵģӦٰӵĺˣٺһ㣡
һ㶣׿￴ȥȴֻ֪ʱϹ̵ӰسǸط˫Ŀͨ죬Կ޹һķŭ֮ɫ
΢΢һͣ׿һɻôˣ⺣ڵηǸ˾Ҳ̫ȫ˰ɣ
ǰҲǸЩǰҪκǰ̸ôᡭҲһĪϹС죬һĪ
顭
޺޵ضŴصĲϹһ·֪˫ԺĴʦ˫ԺеλЩڳǣҲͦӡվǵӶѡСϹټҵĴС㣬ҵ顣˵ǰ϶Ӷ࣬Ӷࣿߣ

һͣ΢΢һ飬ȴǶʱ
ǰ˫ԺȻ֮ף˫Ժֻһͨӣٵó裬Ҳʮ깤򡣶һӵˣһˡ
ⶫϹټҿǼƣ˼ҴСһΪС㣬ǴС㣬ӰɲһǿλȻ˫ԺӸˡ
һȣǰϼһȻԸʼӰ춫ݾĴСˡ
һˣﲻʱ˷۶һơ⺣ڵĳϣǹġ
Ҳ룬˼ҲܷݵҪɷأΪ㱳˫Ժӣ˼Ҽɵô
˫Ժ͵ڵǿɳе⽻Σ
ͬģϹҲһ
ǺλСվ׿ǰݺݶȴһĪ
ϹС㣬𣿡
Դ׿һɻؿ
촽΢΢˶Ϲ̺ݺݵ˵ͷҧǰǵˣΪͲŮˣ
ʲô˼
Ӳһͣ׿ʱһԺӣתҲ֪ʼ磬¶һĪı顣
׿ӵ飬Ѿȫ˵ˣһһζû£
ؿԻϹȴ˫ĿԽߺޣҧǶѾôѲһΪľԴǲ֪Ҫʲô
͵һ׿ɫһ䣬


1031 
ض׿һãţϹɺͿĬĬ̾һɫҲĵݵʱ˵ӣΪӸͻ𣿿ǣӸأ
⣡
񲻾һ׿֣صҲΪҵĹϵһµǵֽԨ䲻ǺˣҾ
Ըµ
ҲУݺҡҡͷ׿³һ૵ԸңֺγԸ̰ͼһʱۣȴ֮ԸҲˣԸӴңԶ
˵ţ׿ת׻ųͷ˿˫ȴһʹ˫Щˣǡȴϣǵġֻһ˶ѡ
ˣԼȴΨû㣬𣿡ʱϹ̿ųǴ͵ݣҲʣʳ
΢΢˲׿α۾ȴ˫ȭݺ߬ǰ䳡ϳǶ˶ܣΨӥİ׽ȴֹסʹġ
龰ϹҲĬĬصԴ̾Ը쳤ؾãֻԸӵС׿ǳ˵һ仰֪˼𣿡
ʲô
Ҹոϸʹˮʦ㣬ڳʧǰһ仰һֱ䣡
³һϹ磬ĵ׿Ǹ׿ҲãһҲգߵȻһ쳣ȻҲΣءһ㣬׼Ȼѡ㣬Ըһе׼ں쳤ؾãֻںĵεΣҪģ
ǣЩȴȫĶרиˡ˵ΪİȫǣԲԶҪʲôܸģȴҪġǺúûţȴͬʬ⡣׿İ˽
Ƥ̲סݺţ׿΢΢˶ӣԵĳǣȴ̱ڵأһƬûڡ
ҴˣĴˡ
Ϊħ۷ߣܿһма⣬ȴΨ鿰ƣǺǺǡ
ЦҡԴ׿ǰˡħ鰡ħѣΪƣԾ֡
һ㣬ǰ쳣Լѡһõĳ·ͷȴ˼
ҲһַɵĻ׿εļ㣬ǳ׵ʧˡ
˳ģԼҲˡ
̱ϣ׿Ŀ磬Ϲ̺ˣҲһ̾ͬˡ
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Ȼʱһȴطһһ׿Դ
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ץסͷƣ׿ץվ𣬶ųϾݵģӽ󣬾Ҳһֱ֣¶ˡ
ԣϹ̺˽΢΢ͷοЦЦϹ̣ο֮࣬ĵ׻һĨɬ
Ϊ׿밮ž۶ˣͬʱԼ޻ˡ
֮ף׿˵ģϣԲȹһԼʵһֱСӵĹùãҲġ
뵽Ϲ̲¶һЦǱʲôʱ򶼸￴΢΢˴ҲЦŵͷ
˶ûע⵽ǣʱǵҲ΢΢̣еҲᶶһ£ȴһţ˭ûз֡

Ȼһ͵ſڱ˲һ׷ת׿ȥȴǵǼһֻȶϱ۵ʬأ÷˽ȫѪ죬ȴûϢ
ţһʮֱ뺷ٻӰ̤ر˽һ׿ȵιСӣû°ɣˣ
ʲôˣкڶʮԪְأô׾ʹ̲ͫסһﲻ󺧳
һЦ˲мƳһۣÿɷʮԪͷʲôҪɵ£ܵסһ룬Ǳˣߺߡֻû뵽⺣ڵĵôƵģһؿȻڻ꾳СްأǽУԽԽ˰
䣬˱һ˲ǰǿɱʱ˰˲֡
̲סһﲻͫһʧɫʵ֮ߣҪɱǸѴ֮ѹЩԪǿǣûʲôͶһһĨɱˣ˵
ʱ˿̣Ҫֱ֣һֻϻҪףûаԣеĻᶼûа
뵽ﲻɫһɷף̾˿ǳûôƫƫأ
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֨
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ǺӲ̫ʹʵȴѰİ꣬ʱΣԼĴ׿ȳƻ
ȻĻ治֪ˣ
ѣ̽ҵģӣҪŪǣ˰֣׿૰
ԣȻ֪ϰ˻ģĺ׿Ļνʼ磬Ķ˵ԭԼ˰ǺǺǡոնе˰⣡
⣬⣬ҽ⣬ǺǺǡǲ¶һ˿ЦɫЩӲͬʱ׿ɻ
С⼸궼ʲôǿ֣ĪҲħɽģ
԰ħɽ
ոչŸˣûлôɻħɽǸʲô⣬治ڰ
תٿǰ׺ݣȴ΢΢Դٶˡ⣬Ժʰɡ
ϹСǱոհŵȴǰҲ˵ˡ
ûŹȵСãֻһ׿ǰϣǮ£ô°칤򲻼ôɽˣﲻǡǮ£˳أʧ𣿺ٺٺ١
С˵־
Ƴһۣ׿ÿɷתЦҼסǮµѧʶ˱ԺˣܲȾͲȣܱͱ⣬ǧΪһ־¶ݣͻڣΪεˣ
ۣ
ЦȴƤһ飬ɫѸٱ


1032 
ݺҧݣ겻޺޳ĳСӣ˽ܲסų졣ǵģǲжҲˣڿңˣǳȥô죿
ȾͲȣ˭ţߣ
üͷһ׿Цһץץǵƣؿʵգ֮áûʲôµĻ뿪ˣڱţͲԶˣټ
٣⡭
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Ұȥɵģﵹɴˣ
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š׿ǡʲôˣ
ӣ
ӣ΢΢һ𣬰겻֪ģһ󶶶ȴЩĸоô˵Ҳǽ֮Ůеսܰ˿չֳɫȴǹž૵ǰôûҲû
η۶׿ÿɷߵʲôˣʲô𣿺ߣط꣬ҲҵԵ֣һϧġ⼸֣֮飬Ҳֵˡ
ţ׿⼸ʦúúദɣЩǷ̫ˣ
׿ųǣҲ΢΢ͷЦȴǵʱ˻иŮħͷءǿ˲նɱʮԪûϢĸְ
һУ겻һãֽ׿ȰǴȳȥȻһ˵
ˣӾܹˣ̫ɸ꣬Ҿͦã
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񲻾һ䣬׿ݺݶ꣬ˣӣҶһëҶ㲻
ͫɵúݺݶ˶û׿񣬲΢΢˴ҲŮ׿еĵλ̾˿ȴǲ˵ˣֻƵصԴ
Ա߻ˣɴԲϢŭﲻΪˣƵķͬ⣬Ȼգ˺ǺǺǡ
ⲻǺ⣬ԭ⣬Ҳ˶ųǵ֣׿
ˣĬֻɫһֱţҧϹǿЦҡԴҲһ˿įˡ
׿ԴǣȻŮȫͬˮʦ˵ĹȻû׿ͳǱ˴˶ǶԷĽû˿Խǲ𿪣
ֻ˸ոյһԻƤ̲סһ飬ȴǲΡΡʳеɻ󣺡׿ոλʲôţꡭô꽣䣬һģһʵ̫ˣǺǺǡ
ʲô̫ˣ
΢΢̧̧°ͣ׿ÿɷ񡣿Ϲ̶仰ȴһ״סˡ
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뿪ʱԻ뿪ˡֻԼһ뿪ˣ
뿪Ҫ뿪ˣ˭ǣŭһΪ⺣ڵĵΣ˭ܴˣҪôҪôһӣصΪֹ
ҲҪģҪ뿪ûסҪ£Ҳû˸ϵߣݺݶţ׿ҲǶ꽣˶Ѻ㲻ҪԻȥܽ㱨ˡ׿ô㱾£˸סˡħɽĵûʲô˵ģħɽеĴڣô˵ˣ
߬ȭͷݺҧź촽ȴʣ˫޺޵ض׿ţĲҪˣ
Ҫ߰ɣ
ҡҡԴ׿һţҪŮ˳֣ᡣΪҵˣҹ񣬰ǰƻѾɣԷֵˡΪˣڿҵ³ҲԻȥˡ֮ѾûıҪˡ
̲ס𣬰Ϲ̾ͬʱһʹֻ׿Ǿ䣬飬Ů˳֣ȴöͷ
ˣȴǻûжΪԸߴŰʵҲܹˡֻںڽôǿҲ֪ôȥ
ô콣û͵𣿡
͵ô͵˵ף
η۶겻߳У콣ڽУƲбǿػߣѩϿţ֣ܵĸ϶֣ǿŷĴڣͭǽڣô֣㣬͵𣿡
ܣ
ǲ͵ˣ
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תתʱȻ˵취ǣĸϼһǻ˼ǧϽмƣǽҲ˰
ԸЩϼһһֶԲߵȻãԱƣ
оâһ׿˼Ҿһӣӵе࣬԰ѱҲ࣬ң˳ɻûУ
ã꽣һ⡣
΢΢˹֣꽣׿ôŲ磬
мƻؿһۣɵĹã
İɣң˼úŪϽҲһ˸˸⣬׿ÿɷ
˵ص˵ͷһת˳ȥȥԣǻУٻˣߣ
ǧʧܣңֻһΣ˷ҵѪϸ
İɣһγɹԸٻ㣬ߣһŭȴȴȻԶˡ
Ůħͷ뿪ˣһص׿Ͷݽǵ۹ˣ
ǰ㲻˵ԱݲôϹҲǼ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ǰҲԱݲҲûͶݣֻΪԼ¶ѡǿȥ״ıҵļƻǸոҲ˵ˣҪȥھΪҽȥġֻ֣֮ܽöǰǿʡһϢֶΪأǺǺǡ
׿Զ׽͸Цݣ˼ȴǸԻˡ
֮⣬һʬ֮ǰ֮ɫ˿͵óһƣҪݺӵǸոջӶֱۣȴͣ
õǰϸϸȥȴ׿˸Ǯơ
ǮǮ򸾣Ѻʵڡ
ʱڹµĻȻڶϻصǿƽţȴǶʱһ㣬ݺ࣬â
Ű𣬱͵һ̤ʱԶͨȥ


1033 
žİҹǳ񷣬ľûһ˿죬һȻУ׷ҲȻΧһֻͭǰ˫΢գɫƽž
֮ͭϣ콣ɫĹԣȴǲʱɢصĹâӳһεĽ磬Ҳʱ
䣡
Ȼڴʱһȴ͵쳹ա쵺ԶԶĵطʮ֮⣬ը죬ֱӳð񷶼˳֮ɫ
̲סһ߱⾪ͬʱѣңңԶǵƻɺ֮أһӿʼ˷ȫȥ쿴״ˣüͷ
ôˣôĶ˴𶯣òʲô°ɣظ˸룬һзźɣ˵
΢΢һȴǻҡҡԴĿ૳·ʲôûƵģ£ٴտĸְŶѡԼּɣ²عˣ
˴˶һۣ༸˼ֿ˿Զĺ⣬΢΢ͷٴƽ飬־Ĵ
·ոըǺڵؽ籬Ƶġ

ǣĸϼһٴ붨һӵʱһʧĴȴǶȻԸ𼱻ǵش˽
ţһźڵӷεӣ㼱ææ˽ˣһߵλ²ˣܽѾˣѣŷʦҲ춥סˣλϽԮȣ
ʲô
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üͷ˸ԭƽҲʱˡ֮ڼ䣬Ūȥжźá
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˿˱ܵһת׷һԣ˿ȥ

ǣǶ㿪ˣ󹩷зɳ۵ķ콣ȴȫûжһϮһ췢ʥǶȻͻ˸߻أת˼ȦǷֲ󹩷ķͣԭشת
Ҳһ̣һٻӰʱǾзɹһѱ㽫Ƿ콣ץȻ󻺻䵽˾˰ĵط¶˱ȴǸոǸɽǱŵŮɡ
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㡭ʲôˣѷ콣£žɣȳѣ˫ȭ߬
ȴûпһֻۣޱؿе񽣣ȴֵģû˿ϲ֮ɫ


1034 ɱ
ǰϼһ߽ǧ꣬򵥵ƭǵġңߣط콣Ľ磬ҲƲԣҪ߳УԼѽóΪã
ʲô£ǻ᲻Լְ𣬺ԥýܼ򵥣Ŵ֮ʱϼһﶼŹ֮žǵĵ׻һӵеĳɾͣҲǵڡǣٺòˡգһƣ˳ɻ
֪ЩϺ꣬һС΢ǺѺƭġʲô£˵˶ˣ㲻ҲţԱͶɣ˭һ˵ҲҪȫţֻҪһɣټµش󣬱һȡȻˣԾǻԣе϶٣ҪԿ졣æ֮£Щ϶һʲô˲ˡټϸһԼͦԸԡǺǺǣõһ·ˣ꽣
ضǸոյֵķ콣з·𻹻׿ڵиһУ΢΢һ촽ȴЩŭݺݵĸͬһŭϼһ󣬴ĸϼһ﾿ô£ôôô׾СӵļƣǵǱ𣿡

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£бƽٷԼ𣿻˵Ѿͷĸ
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ݺҧĸϼһּŭ
ǰȴǲмƲƲ죺ĸ϶ĽǺԼĵǰɡҰǰСУǻûʸ񣡡
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̲ͫסһ߲һôڱ֮ڣôģ
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΢΢һ죬Ҫǻһ½Ų˵һ죬Ƿ콣͵·Ҫֶһ
񽣷û޹콣ˣҪ߷콣ûô򵥡
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񽣲ٲ󣬰굱һ־㽫Լָڡ
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֮һƽ̳ɢѩǰȥʱȴﻹ꽣Ӱأ
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ͬʵ£˼жὣ첻˼£Ҳȫס
˶ѣ˭Ҳû˭ǿ١ԣȻո˽Ҳ뵽콣һУƾǱˡոճ֣Ҳѡ
ңңǿյİҹգûһӰ˱˴˶һۣȴǰյҡҡԴǺ֮ɫ
һ棬ǰ֮ʱ˿ȴΧˣȴŷ졢˫һڸݸ߲ۡڵĵӳǣҲ׷Աߺţ쿴һУŹκ˿ȴʲô
ʲôطĽüͷ壬뾶һĻ𳡣µԷ̼佫ٳģһǵ֮иݵһֵʵˣֻǡʲôҪģôƻ
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΢΢쳤̾һĵǺڵܶҩﴢƣѵҪǵĵҩ
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˴˶һۣ˼Ҳ΢΢ͷḧӣĬȴǲ֪˼ʲô
·𿴳˼ŷ첻Цһͬ̽Ϊɣ
ǰոҲ˵ˣ˲ƻĸ֣ô˵ҲһǿߡˣҲֻоŽˣ
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ٳݺͶͽֻĽҺͱŷ㹦ˡѵ˵ǻ磬ǻŷԼԼպԺ
ǲ⣬ҲֻĽң׿ߵİ꣬ȴֲ֪ǺηʥԼӵ˼ѩ˵ǸŮˡ
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üͷһĽ֮ɫʲô£ܱȺͻȻϮҪ󣿡
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ȥˣһͣͣӣһУȫɵסˣ
ǿ磬ڵķ磬Ȼƿˡ


1035 Ҳ
֣ҵַô
ĵڣǶһϣ׿վһľᣬϵ££⡣
ԴҺǳ׵ĵһ죬ͱȸ˫Ժˣδ٣ǵһΡҲЩ׾ôҵԸˡʲô֮λһ£Һøƣ
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ǰʵո꽣ҪǳȥǸһ߲ˣαطҪأ΢΢죬ϹҲһ̾
ȫû˵ʲô׿ֻĴ۲Ű޵ķ˿ʱ߶ǱƣЦ⻹еңȻҲ̫óöϰǡǣˡ
ι׿Ҹո˵ģûУ
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ȻһЦ׿мƲƲ죺񣬸ûʲôϵ֮ҲˣǺǺǡ
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׿һȥŷ٣ܰȴ˵¼Ļ
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ǻЦݣ׿ؿ˳һۣȴɫһ࣬ᶨǰҲΪгһܷžۣҸΪҪҡҲ׽ҵȥģ˭òߣ
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ãһħţҿ㵽ܿʲôʱ򣬺ߣ
˼Ľѩݺݶ׿ȴ࣬ҧгݣ޺һ˦֣㾶ȥھͽһδںɱ˷Ż𣬻ƻŽħ
ԣ׿νػԴĽѩԼ֮ɫϹȴǲһæ׷ϣѩ㣬ҪûʲôܹԵģ
ԸƨﲻҲѴˣݺ̻ǴһǾǸͷβħֻҪţ׼û£
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΢΢һ̣׿¶һ˿صЦݣΣҵİȫбˣΪȻѵܿ죬еѣǺǺǡ
һﲻԣֻǾ׿ص΢Цȴ·һŴȻֽ棬ݣ㷲


1036 
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ұ죬ҾǸ̫ᣬԲǵô޹ٲħ˵ǳʲôĻأ
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͵һ˦۰򣬽Ϲֱ̳ĽѩһǰĴţһ̤ű˹ȥϹһɫһҲϣ
ǣǶһǰһʱȴǲɽأһ˲Ż˲ٸҴСˡ
Ϊʵ̫ѹ֣ڱơǹŨǳ·ŨĻˮ㣬ֻǸոսţһֿҪϢĸо
ҽеĴ죬ʱ˿̣Ҳ֨ˡ
죬һ棬þɢȥΪеûƽյЦԵŷ졢ĽҺ˫ȸݸ߲㣬Ҳֹס֮ɫΰ̾ҡԴ
ǵǰߣΣصԴ̧𡣶»ˣȴڷŰ걨ŵĵӡ
ʱ˿̣Ϊɵ̽ӣһץ
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һųƲҵӣѩ¸ѵ빪һȭ㽫ƽذȥݺ᣺˴Ϸ˵κ˵ĻϷǰĪˡﰡ
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˵ţ쿴ˣҲ΢΢ͷƺɵغһ·ǶôһȻһвƵġ
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̶ѩ˵ĿģüͷɵһϹٷۼԼŮ
Ƥ΢΢˳飬ϹһΪѵص˵ͷ
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1037 Һ

ĵУһطϹٷһѳ쳤ش˽ѣͨһƬ˫·Ѱʲô챦㣬ݺɨһСǼʵһӰϣȴ·Եõ׿
ô˵һ׼ʱϹټɣˣ֣ǹаЦݣ׿ƺĳ֣ǿЦԸķ䣬Ƿһȥ
ʼ磬ﲻʧЦһãֻҪΥҵĵģʲô¶ԣ׿ֵԸ

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Ϲټγ԰üͷһ׿֪ʡ
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һλסջηǹѺģô˵Ǳ㰲ȫһ㷴ǲǣԽУ
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һʼɻֻԼһ˳ܶѣȴûȤ
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лƨҺö˶˵ĳ콣һ֣ɷ㻹ˣ
޺޵ҧҧϹٷ۰ѽһ˦ݺݵΣҰѽˣȻĻߺߡ

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ͶôʵϷҲûʲô˼Ҳ㵱ʱУһʱ硣ֻҪڸҽ⿪ӡʲôҶ׷ˡң˵
һЦϹٷ۵ϲüҡʵĿľΪ˽⿪񽣷ӡȻĿĴﵽҲûôɷˡΪո׿ѾĻĥÿҪϨˡ
Ļһת׿ȴ¶һаЦݣǴһʱһʱѽҽ⣬ҵ˵쵽ڱǸˣٵȵȣ
ʲô˼Ҫȣһ㶣Ϲٷ۵г
΢΢һ̣׿ɨЩˣ¶һ֮ɫΪ޸ֻ֮ѵҵһѵӵأ
ͫһϹٷؿһۣƺʲôת׿˵ˣȻص˵ͷ
֪ƷϹٷ۲̾ҡԴ
ͬʱҲ׿ǰ˫иɢž֮ɫ
ô뵽ȻݵһӣȻٴγǰңԵ˵أ
ⲻǵ񣬱Խ׿ɫƽûʲôԵɫ¶
ǮǮ¡һŵʦݵһӣ׿׿أ
ض׿ƽݣ첻ȻһЦĳţԣ֪Ϸĸƺأ
νʼ磬׿ʧЦһɣ׿ţһ˳㣡
Ǻã׿ɣ
ص˵ͷȻô֪׿ɷϸ֪ݵӣȴûлطݣܵұкҪ𣿡
ص˵ͷ׿ɫһ࣬˫ھ⣺ȻݣǹڣֻΪһ
ʲô
̲ͫסһŷһǹҪʲô


1038 ѵ
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿ȴ¶һЦݣܾⲻǵ£Ǳ㲻شˣ
ǰ˽ûʲôȤҲֲϡ
΢΢˵ͷ첻һϬصâݺݵ˹ȥǱڷ콣类٣֪кλ˵𣿡
ǣ
ΪΣüͷһݺݶȳڷ콣˱֮ʧȥ˷콣ɶɥһˣͬ־ˮˮΪλ˴֮£Ϳ̿
ΪǸǣʯĳģ
ʱ׿ûڣĽѩǴһŭݵһ¾õ֤ôɥ֮ˣĶԹȴȫĶ֮֡˵ҪеʱȥĻһ˲
һһݣ˴˶һۣȴתת£û漴͡
ǲƣͿ׿һ˲˳ֵۣĽݹǣ˵治Ȼѳһйأϸ۴Чȣ
Ϸ˵ﲻǺڣʲô鷢͸·ģ
бƳһۣ첻ƺһȻֿ׿׿ûشΪε
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡Ǵˣ⻹Ҹո˵Ҫȥȴǵͨˡˣôǰȥ
ѵΪôС£Ҫҷ콣
С£
ؿŷһۣ׿ЦҲŷǰС£¿Ĵ¡ΪȥҿԽ콣ҲԽǵĽˣбҪĻһҲν֮˭ҵҳ·ҾͲƽ
ˣֱˣѵΪôС£ҪݵİΣڲˣݺݶ׿ţŷ쵱Ҫȥ˵һǷ߾ͺˣһС¶ѣҲǲܵģαطҪĻǵ˴ѣ
üͷһ׿΢΢ƳƳȴЦŷǰ˵һҪȥǾͷУߺߣ˵ĺü򵥰׵ĻǺΪҪŽڱĳڣռԴأ
̲סһŷ첻ʱһͣ˵
Ǿ仰ȻǶɵţ˭Ҳ˭ж٣
һЦ׿һмˣ˵ֻһС¶ѣ˵һ¾ͷСǣû֮·һֹ̼µݣ˵ˣ𣿴Զ׼УԺϲҵʲô򣬵ʲôΪǽڿģҲŻἴǳһС£ҪúҲСΪѾҵ·ϣˣҲŲСҪֱ̫ˣ͹ƽ̫̰ˣûи·ߡ
촽΢΢һ£Ҳ΢΢˵Դȷ׿һֹ̼µĻҪŽǲ׼ġش֮Ϸ򻻵׿λϣϷҲҪܳɣ
ôô˵дСô˵ֻǳѣݵ鰲Σ㣬ȴǲɱȵģ
ҡҡԴĽѩɺݺݶ׿ţҧΪһ֮˽´ڲˣĲˣʵǷ治
ԣ˱˴˶һۣ΢΢˵ͷƺ뵽ʲô㣬ҡҡԴȴǲ֪﾿ôġ
ȻһЦ׿һɣ˿ԼİΣĽѩЦĽݹȻϧ󶼲ĳħ֮ʿв׿ĳϧˣԸҪˣ
ߣ⣬һ壬֪ħΣģϢݺݵһۣĽѩֿһȭϣ
Ľݹ㲻˵Ϸо⣡
˰֣ĻĽѩʱһϲΪ׼׿ħͷ֮Էˡ˭ֻ֪ǽ׿ʵ֪׿ŮǷ񻹻
Ȼص˵ͷ׿һЦȻҲˣȹңΪ齿ûߡ֮󣬳ʱȻ
ǺãôǾ͵ȼհɣʱϷλ΢΢˵ԴƷЩһȭȻˡ
˼ŷһںȥգ뿪
һ㶣ĽѩɵվԭأĪԡ
⡭ʲô˼ôˣСӿǺôŹԪ֣еǲ׷˵Ҫ⾿ôģ
Ľѩ⣬ȴѾˣϹٷۣ׿㲦ҲŽˣֻɬߣָǳ콣Сӣʲôʱְҿɵأ
ҳ֮ǰ
ţҲԣɼţвٸˣ´Ϸ㣬ɲ֪Ҫȵˣ̾˿Ϲٷ۶׿һ䣬Ҳ뿪ˡ
ţ˫һǰĵ׿ܸ㻹ţǱġ
λѴ׿ЩԹʦȻˣôλչǣǸмȻûн˫Ժһ죬Ҳ˫ԺˡλģҶ˫Ժݣֻим΢΢һЦ׿û˵꣬һͷ
ص˵ͷ˫ҲǷǻ׿ΪЩǼڵĴòףгǱģɺء
һ츳һ˶ţϼһҲ㷲
ںˣ׿ûʲô⣬Ҳͷˣ
ǺһλҲ뿪ˡ
أ׿һ⣬ֻϹ̺ĽҡĽѩöˡ
ؿһУĽѩɻ󣬿硭⣬ô£ڷô£Ϊħͷ˿󣿡
ѩһ֮Ȼȫ֣Ƥ΢΢һĽҲȻ
ǲ֮ɫĽѩĳȻȫ֣ӦСǸ֮áټȥһẦ˵ģ
ǰħͷɲˣһţһẦˣ
ǻһаĻȣ׿ЦĽѩ۹һ۾ͿҵıʣҾħĶĶĽݹҪɱңħħô࣬ԸⱻɱҲ㶯һëģ
ʲô˼
˵Ǻħ졢ŷ죬˫ǣҵħħȻǲԸϣȴħģ
Ƥ̲ס˶Ľѩǲ⡣
ȻһЦ׿Ϊֻ֪Σյ˶֪һ߳ȥ϶Ϳ̿飬ϧû˸ɱҡΪѵҪɱңѵضɳȥͬھ᲻
ѵ
һѶϹټҵĳ콣ˣ콣ӡԶⲻĺǣϹټҵ˥䣬˴벻ܽһսʧݣ̶ʧݣȫʧݣڶѵ콣ǳ콣һѵħɽ˫ԺԴǰħɽǵľħɽӡħɽһŭݣ
Цţ׿ھ⣺ǸںЩˣֻںܲܰѷ콣ѳ콣˷ӡǵδͿ̿ûϵһͳҪᡣںģʧȥĵλţ޹ؽҪ飬ʵνġ
˵ҵ»㱨ȥʵǸԼ鷳Ϊ˵Խ࣬ԽҶңһȴѿǵˡ˵ʱ˿Ѳǽһɱҵɸֲǣ

䣬һٴηѩϵӰʱǰɫµ֮ӽ쿪ʼ˿׿һڡ


1039 
̲סݺĽѩؿĸϼһƤͣزţĳλػ񽣵ĸֿǣʲô˼ǸŮٻ𣿡
ǺǺǡĽݹ֪ˣߵĻˣõŴĸͷܣ
Цһ׿һаؿҲ֪һҪ߶ߣ˵ԸģǿҲߵˣʵѾûʲô̫ˡһµˣ㻹˲𣿡
Ƥ΢΢һ£Ľѩݺҧ˫ȭ߬ûʲô
ĽһۺҲ̾ӵѩˣⶼΪ˴֣
ʲô֣
ŭһĽѩѩϲţҧгݣλǰСŮӾ֪λǰôһӵ˷ͼʲô
˴˶һۣѩϳȴɴ󹩷૵ĽСǰȷǿСӵġ˵ڲӣ׼ԺأŮ˵ʵȷɲ⣬ȫҲֻܵˣһء
˵ţ󹩷СؿĽöһۣȴûˡ
˵ʲôȻĽѩǲĵشȳ
ԣѩû˵ֻǵͷе׿ȴȻһЦŵĽС̫Ϊλǰˣѵ˺ɣǺǺǡʵӦҲ֪˼ǣλǰǰĿģҪǱҵġĳЩ£Сİؼɱˣѹλݴ¡˻иʵǿĴ磬͸Ҫˣ𣿡
촽ݺݲţĽѩҧأ׿һֿۣλɳĬ·Ĭˣŭһ˦˦ӱίﳤȥâ
λõ֨ĽҿһۣҲҡԴ׷ȥˡ
ʱ䣬ֻʣѩϡ׿һлϹˡ
һǵһμѩ㣬أ
ؿĽѩӰʧķϹ̲ɫ磬²˸Уγ̾
ĻҲ΢΢ͷеǰΪԼһħ²׳١תͷһǰͬȴǷ׷ױѣɷ󣬸ˡĽݹʱ˿̵鲻ֹô򵥣Ǻİ
ǰΪаʤжôǿƵģͷһŷ֣һ˹¶ӭսħͷѣ˭ģһЦ׿ÿɷؼ
η۶ϹЩԹص׿һۣҲǣȻѾలˣαٳԼѩأ
ڼԼѡһ¶ĵ·ѣ
˰֣׿ɫһ࣬޾ħ޼˲ƤȴѳħԵ˰ˡҪħ·һֱǿȥֻܳĹ¶ͱѣֻͦȥˣܴﵽ۷塣ۣ䣬ʵҲѳɵ
Ҫô沨ħײࣻҪô䣬ħиȻĽݾǳʺ쳾Ĺ׳ɵħȾ֣ҲߣľͣΪȰһ䣬˼̬֮󣬾͹ɽ־ްɣ̫ˣʺ
ԣ˼֣һȭл׿㣬ܽˣ
Ҳܽˣ
ѩ˼˰κҲ˼ص˵ͷ׷׿̧һһ壬ϵħߣȴǴǻ֮ˣҵ˸л㡣ŴѣлйŹȴѺ󣬱ػԣޣ쳾
η۶׿ƲƲ죺ڸֵὨ飬ʲôϵ飬ߣ
ȻһЦٴһݣأϯǰĿҲ˵ɡ
Ϲ̶˼ˣҲǵȻЦЦ׿Ǿ⡣׿Ȼǵͬľȴ󣬲ȻѩҲ𽵹׿¶м֮ɫˡ
ɼ׿㣬֮塭
Ϊ׿һθ֮ԣЩһȺ֮ȴûĸ֣õ׿ĴΪһЩ¡ĶǶղϡ
ôСӻѽ𣿡
Ψ²ң˶ţѽȫôˣͲ׷ô˵㲻ɱҲøβƤЧȰȻЩ˵ĳϽڵĶţ
Ƴһۣ첻ʧЦһ֪ΪκڻȻ꽣ȫˣֹµⰡ
ʲô˼
һ㶣һ⣺СӼթƻڿǺǳѣҲѲ˸ϵʲô
ʧЦŰڰ֣ĻĳΪһ֮ԴΪء׿ȷܽƻʮڴ̫ոҲˣһȥʲôϣһжһжӦʵʵĶһû콣ûƷ⣬콣֣ǵߡ
Ҫô죬̱ƹѾˣʲôΪȥЩˣǺǡﻹƣѾ̸ףϾܻΪСˣǰ̸õò񽣣ݵ˴˸ࡣʱ˭

һͣһƿԡ
ҡҡԴ첻̾׿ﻰ⣬Ტã޴ֻ֣ܱǣűߡ˴һʼѾһУ콣ֱӴߣҪ񽣵Ļᡣŷһǣ޴ʹȻڱǹţӴϿǲŷ·ľżһСӽأ
ҡ
˵ţת׿ϹټҺ˫ǱߣоâһСӸݵ˶ʶǣҲܹ㣬ϡǾ붯ҲӦġοҲ붯û˷콣֮Լ֮ڣѾĬЭˣֻνĽѩѾͷһƢϧ֧ԴһʼţΪôΧţҲûһܶһë޿֣
²һݣתɵرһСҲֲ̫˰ɣɽ¶ˮͰ˵ֽŶסˣ
ǰǳ˸˵ϧѾݵˣؿ˫һۣüͷ壬һ̾
ʱĽѩش߳Ҳûи˴к;뿪ˡ
飬Ҳ⣬ֻĬĬؿ
Ǻܿ죬ĽҲ˳λȴǵˣǰϾĽѩСѾͷŭԲ£ĽеĽ٣ȴһҪĨƽģȻԺݾͲˡ
ǸæһݣһǸصĽݼˣ콣ʵ̫Ҫ򲻵ʧԡ
ףˣСõƢȻԷһҲӦõģһͷĽҵɫǺƽ
龰ڷЦĽݼ壬ĳͷĶˣĽСˣĳһǸСһġ

Ȼ£һٵĴ쳹ţһӻŻŵǰżæŵصһǰ߼ݽǵ۹Ĵն죬Ѿͦˣ
ʲô
̲ͫסһϢȫסˣֹסضš
ǵ۹ܵ㣬ڿʼˡ


1040 ɱ
ֻ꣬ô𣿡
һƬڵɭУѹѹһƬ͸һܽ쾲ϥһʯϣ˫΢գɫƽȻ
ǰһϤٻӰϥ£˫һտı䳤ȴǳɹ󣬻ع۹ӪİɡеĳҲǷ콣Ҳ
˫ؿһ񽣵Ĺâǲ¶ȻЦ⣬һУ㽫УЦ꣬εûϷʧϷ򽫷콣ûˡĻڵĽֽûʲôˣϷҪ̤ƽѴ֮꣬Ϸ׹
л࣬ҵ
һȭ깧£֮ȴСصֻ˴֮˴󹦣ÿ׿ƣųɹ֮һݹ֮ͣ࣬δܵڱӡ֪ںʱ֣ȳ
ųĽ˶۰򲻽һͣ˷ܵɫҲбƳһԵİ꣬૵׿ǸϷǰװǻƵǮɡôħɽӣҷźϷСӣᱻǼСץߺߣҲô
һ·ϳ䲻࣬ڻ꾳ѡʵȷûʲô˵ģֻһȽϲưˡ
æٴ£һץסֽǵ񽣵Щ˿϶ǣϣ֪֧Ŷãڼʱ֣һȺ֮һѵֿʩС֮£֮һãֶΪأؽʱһж£Ψհ
üͷ΢΢һ첻ݺݵص˰һۣоâ˸˸ڽ𣿡
겻ң̲סһæڵء
һߣһмƲƲ죺Сӣǿʲôı£п̽һħɽĵϸħɽҲ˸߲ʵĴôСӵʵȻֻôĻҲûʲôעˡ
ڡ
죡
껹Ҫ˵ǴһɢŲƵĹâ꣬ԽԽûˣųȥ죬ҰǲǣϷǰȻੲݣǿûط콣йķϣϷɲ㡣ߣȥɣ
üͷţһɣ˼ӲͷƤСȻʵǳͣıˣةﾭγ֮££һҴ˴εСӵ׹йͣڷ緶ڳ־һڶ¸١

Ȼѻ˵꣬һ͵طһʱɳȥ׿⣬ײʮòõ̲ס۵һ³һѪɫ৵ľͰ
ֻȴûǰķߺޣǳ˲֮ɫ
꣬㵱ǲҪˣϷ죬㾹ҿڣΥϷɾûʲô³
ݺݵضȫƴţɭȻɱֹס¶
ӲһҲ㷣עǰ
ৣ
ʱһӰȴǺ˶ǰȴǾ׽׵ˡ
ǰĳֿڵϵİ꣬ˣ˼ƽϡ
ûٿһۣûйѯʣ׹һĵڣةﴫţʮǾͿԶˡʱķݱ֮ϾҪˣ
ţ֪ˣ
΢΢˵ԴùҲٿʱָУתڵɭֻĮȴʧǰһɲǣȳŮһӣǼԣջɣߣ
һݣ׳Ĭתǰüͷһʲô£㽫콣أӦʮֿĲŶԣôᡭ
ڳ־Сһϧڲϡ
ĨĨǵ죬겻̾һΪڿûط콣ķϣСһӦ
ҡҡԴײһԹ꣬¸ʲôֻ뿴СӵǳûжСκ֮⡣⼸Ҳ˵ˣСӽƻúܣαһУԵĻ˳ֳҲͰˡֻ˽;Ƿ֡Сӱץ˵ˣڶħɽļɵҲ˲١ûֱӳȥɵСӣѾܲôپأ
ʲôҪɱΪʲô
һһأ䲻ǾŽǹԪʵ츳˫ȫֻҪƼպǰ;ΪλҪ
̾˿ײγ꣬˭µһˡ˵ƽǸ̾ܣԸ˳𣿺ߺߣڶԵϹٷǼսмӣʲôʶӢӢۣΪѿ⼸˵ǱѾͷûκв
СӲһϴûֻͰںסˡǹǣͲͷʺˣǶһһ㶵ġϣҲȷǼɵϢϴڶʮֿҲ˾衣ڵ֪ûʲôˣֻƣ͸Ҫˡƣȴ޵ǱʣԺܾͻģ
ܷŹ㻹˵˫ȫ͸ǴɡŴڲΪûһܴùһ϶ܡﾭγҲûϡһʮᣬٴûʵǾǱѻĿ꣬Ҳûʲôˣ˲Ū˫ȫͲһˣִ£ܵͻⲻǻڻҵôԽ˼ǰСӣСӾ͸Ҫ군
ô˵ǷҪɱˣôźã
̲סһ𣬰겻Щ磬˫ֹͫסزţ˫ֶɵö
׼ˣüͷ΢壬¶֮ɫ꣬ԻԺͱúܲԾΪôעСӵǰһǶ˵ģദ˼һƬüͷڸСӲż°ΪҪڣ꣬㡭
״磬ҡҲٹµȥˡ
촽ֹסزţؿ˰һۣ״磬ƽʱСöչˣмҪɱܲС취ȫ£м
˵ţ굱¡
ž
һӷס׽ץץı۰ȴε꣬Ǹ˸ⰡҪɱˣ˭ܱס
״磬ˣ
ӯӯ⣬ֿ
ؿͷȴһȥ̰ɡ¡Һú룡
״ԸæǶлˣһϲ굱ϲЦտ¶ȻЦ˿˸ոյơ
׼ˣȴǿЦһ꣬⻹ǰôЦˣܺá


1041 
󣬺ʽս״̬еӣһ˼ѪƵģȫװʲôҩȫ롣
ҵʹĹâҲͬ°㣬һ֮УȴɵԮͨͨ׷׸ϵˣר汱ݴһսġ
ڵǣ֪䳡ֵȻȥ׿׷״ʧɫҪȥ̽ȴΪս½ϼӰأ־ҲЩʧ
Ͼλݵһٴγ֣ǻҪһɵģ˵ǽˡ
мѣɣȴڽϣ
ЩŸ߲㣬⼸ȴȫΧϣݵĵɳ̣սƣæòɿǽŵ
ô˵Էοǻ͹ܽѾͻǸأһĶʱըںֶܶ뿪Ӫ˶ˡǰеǰҲͬûиǱȻڽڰˡ
֮᳸£ⳡսǺѴˡ
ﾭγһţɲܽ˹ݸأûǣǵսǰҲ׳ǰǲʳҲֻܿţҪԼ
üͷţһƲҵݴе֪λԴ˿н֮ߣʾ£
ؿһۣĽҲҡͷˣУҪ⾪֣֮ȴҵ֮ң⻹һıʿǰﾭγļƻҵȾ͸мˣ
ǰݵм׵ıʿһо֣ݱ߾ϧϷûĻǿЩ취
üͷţ𲻽ĳ
Ȼص˵ͷŷҲǸŵ⼸иˣԽ˧֮ΪףչĵȷѸ٣ݵı߽Ӧöƿذɣ
ǽԺݵİȫȷǰǿˣǺǺǡʧЦһüҲЩɫ
ֻϧݷĻԮǰߣǰս£ǾͲ̫ˣ
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΢΢һ£üƳһۣȴǰһÿɷƲƲ죬ˡ

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˰֣ҲһݣΣˣϷСǼ֮ˡֻݴѣǲܲαս޷æʵڱǸȶս£ڳһٸһ֮
ǵȻλһ壬ԮŶԡ
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ǰһݿ飬ô˵һ֮Ҫͬʱݿսǽǵ۹ҲҪѾͿ˰ʱ򣬹һ֮հôᡭ
Ƥɺݺݲţ˶һã֮ɫԡ
Ϲٷ۳ȴ̲סʧЦǻ˵ʲô˼ٲȡʩĻĿǰɣ
԰԰ǸˣǱûȥˣǣ
ǰҲﱱݵæѱˣǸ
ȻѣϧˣǸ

е˶һ󾪻Ŵң챧ȭͷ׼Ҫ뿪ˡǻȹԼңٹ˱˰ɡ
ʧ䣬̱ϣγҡԴɢɢ˰ɣһɢˣ㶼һˡһܶݵأܽȫһʧ䡣Ȼݣһʧ䡣ǲŽһÿһĽ֣ѣֻ˭˭ˣ
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һ˻࿴˿εԴ˭ԸԼĵ̣ԱڰԼȦݴո
е˶ҡԴһ̾ȻҲǸֻԼӲдˣܰãðɣ
Ҳһ˿Խģһ֮ȴͻ쳹˶ϡ
ǰһ˿ȥȴ˲ǱˣϹټϹٷɣɸæ˭
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оâһϹٷ۶ŶӦóƺΪݵһӣ׿ŶԡݰҶὣﾭγν֣Դ˭ƽﾭγŵĻֻˣ


1042 ħ
仰˻࿴˿΢΢˵Դʾͬ
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£ȥҲǼϣϣ֮⡣ֻĽѩ߬ȭͷվԭأȴ֮ɫ
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ҧҧ촽ĽѩⲻƫСȻа֮а²İΣֻΪΣǻҪħͷħ裿
Ҳ޷˵˾иݾͲħأ̾һĽҲʧЦҡҡͷԼõԴת˵Ĳ
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һľᣬǰк㷢ϻٰĳӳ׿С
ǻһȻ΢Ц׿ؿǰĽһۣн޾飬һԵȸЦôεΪķΣ
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³һ׿εƳƳǣЦ˭֪أһħɣʦȴԣħһؿǺ޷˵Ͷ˽ȴԽԽҲ֪ߵҲΪһȫͬħ֮·ϧ·ֻ߳㣬ȴ֪յʱǸͷƫ˺֪أ
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оâһ׿һᶨ֮ɫѩϼˣƺУҲٹʾ⣬ȴǾĬ

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һֱػѩˣüͷƺЩ춯Ƶġ
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ǻ֪֮ģΪڹͻȻݵ϶£ҲͲ÷ŭֻȴȻȻʡˡ
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1043 ݴԪ˧
ԶԶԣ׿ӣʵݴæԴæٰһ£
˰֣׿ÿɷ񣺡㲻˵ˣҶ֪ݴǲǿݣݸλ裬ֱ֪Ǻð
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һʱ䣬˿׿񶼲Щ磬ŵɫѾòװƣŪǰɡ
ƺҲ׿ţƤе󣬺ڴ֮󣬲һӲӵ׿ݵĽıǰ˽⡣¿ɲ֮ܵҪضԴСҪ֪ݵһıʿﾭγ֣˿Ϸ죬û˿Ҿúú˼һȫ߲֮Сγλ˵оΧԮյ룬һƣҪоһźáϾԷĲǿǾӰҪǱʶơ
ո˵Ķо֮ϧҶо˽⡣ҪĻƺСӽ϶ǿ
΢΢һ̣û˵꣬׿ʧЦҡҡԴϵ֪ҼС鳤۴̣Ҳ簡

΢΢һͣʱ¶һã֮ɫ˵׿㲻ǿЦİɣƺҲȷǿɣҪܶԸ˰ﾭγĻµˣﾭγҲΪݶͷʹĶ˲ǣ
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һ㶣˽һԻǽȭͷô׿ⲻսʲô
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üͷ΢΢˶վĽҲ૵ָ͡ݴָһ˧к𣿡
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һЦ׿¶һЦݣһϲһţҲ׷̽ԴĽ֮
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νϵ磬ϵɰ
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ڶ°Ժ׿ҲͷĶˣǰٲصǰΣ
³һ׿̤ʵٺһҲֻһָȺݴвʰɣνʦ
ŶԶԶԣڿʼһͦ׿ΪݴԪ˧ݣ֮ż壬
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һҲǷ׷ױȭ£ԸΪݴԪ˧У
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̶ӻ΢΢΢Ц϶Ǿ֮ɫ
׿Ȼգѹֵ¶ݺ˿ԭѽһˣ˰


1044 ߵ̫Զ
ѩãͷİɣҵĽݴǶǾǧ˼̬ϽʲôûᱻδɵĳСԻģ
ǰĽѩسһŷæһЦذĵŮġ
λŮȴǲôðûһۡ
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Ƥݺݳ˳飬ŷཀྵӲԴתͷͬһ͵ˣδɵĳСӻͣȻĽôϼһԻ˰ҵϽ֪ʲô취ôԸƨߵ߸棬ô쵽İ
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΢΢˼ĿɿڴӣĽҲʧЦһ˰ֵˣôҪȥսˡ˵ʵϹټƾٵѡǲǺǺǡ
һЦĽҲæУȥˡֻһڱһըԵϢǣɵɵվԭأþûز
ãȷӦʦʦǣҶۻСһȫɵסŷ࣬Цһ˰ɣݵһӵʵǻ˭һĵһˣȴѽ˲ڽ£ͳȫֵĴԪ˧һǰΩǴӡ⡭ǲడͬˣȻ̫߳Զ̫ԶԶǶ֪ʱ׷ϵĳ̶ˣ
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ǵһμŷ࣬һƵصԴþ˵һ仰


1045 ֻһϷ
Уħͷһ⣬ĴıⳡսأһĻԣ
ĽѩԽԽŭ޺һȭȥǼᶨ˼ˣԼڴأҲͲȥעˡ
Ǳܴŷ࣬ξҲǺûȥŮĲ̾һǣ૵ô󣬱ӻǵһμ˲ϼһﳼءʲôݵһӣ׿Сӣؼǣոһ𣬲ᱸܴӰ𣿡
ãϾû˫ԺǰʹѶʧˣǵ黹ûôݲйǺǺǡ
Ƥһ˲΢΢һͣЦο˿ǣŷ΢΢ͷ̾ãôһ𣬻˸ԱȵĻһģôͳͳ˧ء
ŷڵϣһ벻ͨĽѩȴǷش˴֮УȴȼԪ׿һ˵һһã͵һѨλ׿ǱһʱǿȻȴȻ⿪˷ӡΪӡ
΢΢˰֣׿صͷ¶΢Ц
Ľѩ޺޵ƳһۣҲû˵Ǿǰ£ո˵ֻȥʲôߣСŮвޣҲɽܡǴɽָӴȨȫȨأҪ֪ϵһΣѰ
ĽС㣬Ϊսϵ²Ϸ˲Ȼ׿ͳȫ֡ΪֻﾭγǾ֮һսĽС׿ƫɷͣأɫһƬ䣬ƺҲᷳŮ˵룬
ĽҼˣڼʶ׿ŸɺҲûվĽѩߣͬȰѩ´£Ҫ£Լöб֮˴֣˭𣡡
ôҪ˼׿ְȨⷢʩÿһҪһִͬСĻʹʲôݱµĶ񶾹ƣҲüʱֹѣ
޺޵صһ׿һۣĽѩԼ綼Լ֪ЩѾȫ׿ԻԻˣȰ˵˶ΣҪȨޡ
΢΢һͣԣ׿ȴЩԥһȷвҷĹЧսµЩôԷָ߳ʲô©Ҳüʱȡ
Ǻ˶Ƿͬ⡣
ȻһЦ׿бƳһۣÿɷ񣺡ʲô˼ѵҵĵһȫȨָӡҪҵְȨߺߣܺãҲˡ
ȵȣ׿Ϣŭû˼ֻǡ
˰֣첻Цһ΢΢ƳƳĽѩĵֻĽݹҲԷôʲôҲüʱѣд⣡
üͷһ׿ؿһۣЦǺǺǡǰ˷ʥͣ޹ҵȷܻ
ô˼ǿԡ
ԣ
¶һ˿ϣ֮ɫΪ׿ͬĽѩˣȴǱ׿ŭѹ£߳ȵĽݹǾսʲô
һͣ˱˴˶һۣȴǵʱ֪ôشǶͨߣ֪սĺ尡ǻ̺Դ𣬻ʲô
һ䣬׿֪ǴϣսһϷ
ʲôϷ
üͷһĽѩʱһŭһսжͿ̿ȻֻһϷʵ̫Ϸˡ˲֣ضԴⳡսܴӮأһǾʺϡ
ĽݹսϷɣ
Ȼû˵꣬׿شһһµؿ˵սһϷе˺ʡ򣬲սӶѡҪӮһսҪԼСĴۣȡԷĴۡʲô飬ʲô޹ؽҪһָߣ̫ЩĻ֮ʣӮһսʱսˣʧøࡣ
촽΢΢Ľѩһʱ˵֮ԡ
â˸˸׿תݺݶ˫վ˵սв˵ģԼ˵˵ս˭ӲȦȦĽݹÿ²вϣΪƾǵ֮ģԴӮһսָȨָԱߣǰְŵġΪʤҵȷôȡһֹҵⳡսͻһͿءҪȲӮսԼѡ
ҾãӮսȲˣǺǺǡ
ĽѩǼᶨһĬһԣȴǸЦһ˵˵˼
Ȼﶼ֪ӮսȲûоԵĹϵݴռ챱ݣһ㱱ӮսҲһ
֮ô˵ֻԼһûʵɡ
֮ǵĿģչҪӮսȲĽѩһ˵˼˵˼һʼġ
Ȼȣ׿հ׿ͬǾͷɡ
ȵȣ
˰֣׿ֵĽѩһۺɫ΢΢ƽһ£ſᣬôҪרУʵȲѡҲ֪Էսǰﾭγûʲô⡣ҲһУ˵һûֻǼƸλҲһЩӰҵ£˵æǾͲˣ

һͣɫ΢΢˽Ц׿ʲô˼
ǺǺǡǸʵӦҲⳡս˵ףҺͰﾭγ֮һϷôŪӣеľҲֻԼ֪ѡλԱ߿ţҲϹͲҪٲˡֻҪǰ˵ɣɣ
ô˵˵̲ˣƤ̲סһ飬Ʋһ૳֮Ľ𣬶ûʸ񣿡
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡˹֪֮ҲҲҪ˴ЭĵڶɣǺǺǡ
Ǻð̭˰ոմųģʲô񣬵ٰץȥŭһƵȫƴţƺҪ֡
һȴǵʱǰŭĿӣǺڣܲе㵱˵ӣ˵׿ǹƵݴԪ˧ͨˣҲֲô
ǲһ񣬲ƺݺݶ׿һۣȴҧ
׿Բ𣬲ôƢ֣
³һֿ׿Ǹ
ؿ˲һۣ׿һЦ˿Ϊ⣺Ҫ蹷Ҽˣÿֻƽϣô𣬺ǺǺǡ


1046 
㡭
һ˫Ŀͨ죬ȴǺݺݵһۣ˺󣬲Цɳǰ׿׿ǰһϷȸһľƣεǲǺǺǡĿǰ˵ǰǵĲι̣ء
ˣ
˰֣׿оâһȴһ۶ûЦ˵ﾭγǸͣⳡսĹؼǰߣԲҪע̫࣡
עǰߣ
һ㶣ĽѩǵһɣһɵؿΪͳȫֵĴԪ˧˲ָӣԼעƣҪôҪôָӣȻСŮӲѧǳ֪о֮ҲʶһЩоҵķԣδһĨڣϹָӵġΪ˭𣿡
ھͼˡһңǺǺǣ
΢΢ʼ磬׿ÿɷ񣬽Żһ̫ʦϣȻطȥ˱⣬б߷ʿȫˣ߽磬븹ءݾ͵˫ԺطĶݱȫڱڣ
ʲô
̲ͫסһڳ󾪣ָɳ̵ƣҲǲɵһ£һˡ
׿׿ո˵ʲôо鶼˻ؾڣ뵽Եıһֱ߽ʧأԷֱ룬ЧµֿˡĻݲֱøԷˣ׿˼š
ǲң
üͷһ׿һۣЦһȻˣԼɣҲˣ
׿ֻǾʵ̫˼ˡ֪ɣǺͼ
ɫһ࣬쿴һۣΪ֮ɫ
һ̣¶Цݣ׿Ȼ˵ˣҳֲ֣ôܿóоأⲻϺ˰ɡҪȥģǵˣʤսҰ
˵ţ׿һ۶һȣȻغС˿ںӡ
Ҳԣ֮սëϵ
ں˼ȴѾȹϵϣҲȽŸˡ
׿ĲܺԶǶŲɡһ׵Ƿ콣װϹټҶس콣ﾭγνֶ·ˣɡ
ֻؼʱ̣׿ȴһڣʲôûУͷôɱʽȴ˶ľ
ȥĻһ֮ڣݱȻ䡣ûݹƻܶһصġ
ֻǲ֪ص£ʲô֮ˣ
һʱ䣬㿴ңҿ㣬һ̬֪֮¡
磬Ҿ˵Сӿ϶⣬ұøɱ𣿡ĿɷĽѩ׿Сӣ˶֮ʱæ
ԣüͷ˿ڵ׿ɲ׿ȴЦһѾͷֺαرϥҳأȻѾˣѵ𣬺ߺߺߡ˰
ãˣ
΢΢ãջһҧȥˣ֪ͨȫس߾صܲȥڵ󣡡
ǣ
һȣȥ
Ӳһ⡭
ѽҽɣѵʲô𣿡ΰ̾һֿ׿Ц׿˼Ѿհˣ֪ô
˸׿Цһÿɷ񣺡Ȱɣж
Ҫ죬ܼЧһ첻ЩȣҲһϾʵ
һЦ׿ͷǰļԲȶģ֮ڣݲġңΪԸҵĻҲжȨˡ
˵ţ׿ɫһ̶֣࣬һнԣ϶Ƭ̣ڻȥϽϢȻ̻ݸհɡڱսݣԸˡ
ô죬ݴս
һϯ֮أ˫֮ǵȻڰߣǿԽˡһƽ֮˭Ҫʰ̯ӣˣоâһ׿ݣҸˡҪðﾭγĵ飬ǰ֣ȴ޷ǺǺǡ
ص˵ͷ˹һݣԸ
ţ̶ӵһ뿪ˡǼʧӰ첻һԻ׿ǡ
ޡǵжħɽȻţףʵвȥϵһ£Ǹﾭγ鷳
ģ
ǰһʱһϲ£ܵôħɽʵϲ񰡣лԮ
ҲһƬϲɫһ׿ݴԪ˧治ǰƾٵģȻԼҰϣԮǣֵ̫ˡ
׿ȴһЦذڰ֣ÿɷ񣺡ֻЩͨѣɽŻģףǺǺǡ
ңҲǰǣֻ˳չһԼѡսƣײˣǺǣ
΢΢˷Ƥ׿ţĽѩȴǽһ·𶢷Ƶġ
ǧˣʲôᶢһһģߣ
һ棬ݱ߾ƺ𳤷硢޳ڴƵսƣȴǸü壬ΰ̾
λѾƵҹˣǿʲôƵߣͷƺɫЩ㲣ǰ
˴˶һۣ˽ǰ̾ҡҡԴ
սıһָɳϵĶԷӪصԷ֮ɪûô·ҲǺϽҪǸһ˵ĻǿӦԡϧһʮᡣԷǧи֣ɪʵһǲα󣬶ȺǿߵĶ֣Ӳǲˣ
˵ţһԵ޳
㿴ҸʲôӲУѵа취ҵĶֲ֣ɣ
üͷһƣ޳Ҳΰ̾ҡҡԴȨı֮ƣıı֮֡ıڲ֣ıľġϧԷɪһ򣬵ƾ֮ˣȴݵһıﾭγııǴңҪ֣򲻿ˡϷͳȫ֣ﾭγ˴γȷ©ɲ⡣˵ʲôĻ͵ˡ
󷽣
γݣݱ˴˼Ͼ˼һģٲǰԻӦˡҲˣ󷽳ֿնں󷽵Ӧÿļ˱
΢΢˶޳һ£ָɳ̵ϧͨ·£˭ܵ󷽵أҲˣΨһ©㲻©ﾭγĴѸͰһ㣬ΧֱΪֹκʤ˰


1047 
ؿɳ̲ţƺͬһüչ૳ݽԱǿлƣҪսȡʲôԽչǲܵ顣ôûпݳڲʲô֮أҥ֮ƣӪͷΧڲ߽ǵĹƣ

΢΢һͣ޳ʧЦҡҡԴתһԵ𳤷磬ѵ⽻֮£ܼ۹ة࣬УǽɣǺǺǡ
ԣƺϣĿ⿴ĿǰҴܼң𳤷
η۶𳤷ҲǲЦһ̾㻹ôթ֪ܰ쵽ƵϷϣҪϷЦ𣿡
һЦ޳ĬԴ
ôܼңڲûһ𣿡ƺȴƤһؽص
³һ𳤷˼ãȴһֱҡͷ̾ˡϷܡ⽣ǵ۹ǹһ⣬ѰƲ߿ԹƵ˵ġһԣ۹ǹĶǣ̬֮۽ҲˣʵɻľǳȨ̫󣬹߸һսԽ⣬ֻҪǳڲǵĶԹĲɣͺװ쵽
΢΢˵ԴƺȻϾ常ġʹ֮ĲɣȴҲʮ϶
ĵ۹ǿ󣬾һַ϶ᣬͺ߽⡣вܽ˧ֻܳҪʵ۾вͻ뷽跨Ĩȥ
Ȼ󣬵йͿˣΣͽˣ
ԣ£ƺǫǫӣҲҪһݺս֮ϣһΪˣııֻҪӮˣұɲأ
Ȼ𳤷ɫʱ˿̶ˡ
Ȳ۽ǵﾭܲڰﾭγ֮£һõ֮ƣŪؼǽǵ۹Ľṹ͸һ۹ͬʺ䡣ǵĵةȨڰ߾֮࣬ûʲôìܺȻҲûôɣ
΢΢˶𳤷粻̾һ۲෴಻µ۲飬˵Ĺϵ·Ǻߣǽǵ˫ͷ˴˻ţ޷䡣ɹﾭγһսҲܵԼûáΨһõǾǲܽˡϧǸˣΪµһǵ۹˵ﾭγı֮ģŶţҲںΪţܴԻã
ǰܽѾĿһˣ˷乥ģΪװ£Ҳûװûмɵˡûмɵûã
˿޳ҲһϾ־õĽᣬ޾壬ѽС֮ԣ
üͷһ𳤷бۿ˿˵˵˭Сأ
ܼң⽻õ㲻ʵֶΣ⣬ûЦһ޳ĵ
мƲƲ죬𳤷粻ÿɷ񣺡ǼȨıģ˭˭ϸɾ٣Ϊ˽御췢չ׳ô
ǰҪͬ˽ʩֶΣǸеΣգôб֮£׿ܼǰôôҪ̫ɣƵ׿ܼҾͲѡǸˣ
Ƴ˶һۣȻ
ԣҲɫһ΢΢ͷ޳ֹס̾ǰ̫ɣЩȥɣֻڣˣȻģѰˡ׿ܼһĻ֪ξأ
һ˱˴˶һۣɫįƺиֹסسʹ
׿磬Ȯһսִ֣űͿ̿ݰնҪ̤ںηָӦ԰
ƺ
ȻʱһͻȻɴʾϤٻӰʱǰ
Ƥһƺɾг㣬¶ôˣ
̼֣˴ݶԿУȻʡãҺ¶£˳㣡
΢΢һ̣¶ݸЦݣؿƺһۣȴЩϧƺ㶼ˣһܲͰɡ
˰֣ƺʧЦһӦõģ
𳤷˼ŮǹһݣμС㣬ˣ
λضλչƺˣǣл˵ţѸ𳤷Ǹæڰ֣ٴι񣺡ҲңС
ո׽˵ԷӪ춯ºܿҪжˣ֪ʲôԲ𣿡
ʱ¶ƺߣһĵ
𳤷˻࿴˿˽ҡҡͷЦ
Ȼǵ˼¶¶һЦοĪҪ̫ģǰ˪ѾػطڵӢսµĽ˵ģҲǣлأ
ʥŮڴսδʼǰȻԤ˴δ֣ѶҪƽ⣬ǧѣϴս֮¡ãǾ£ҪҲû취ˣЦҡҡԴƺһį
¶ˣæڰ֣ȰοĪż˪˵صԤҪ׼ҲתĪҪ١˵ϴΣѣҲ𣿡
Ϊ׿ڣʥŮ˵֮ˣܸΡЩӣ춷
Ļ˲һҲεͷȻ𳤷Щ˲ô˵Ը첫һѣǰĿǰȴҲֻˣΪǸû
Σȵ˪ĽɣΥҲҪ£춷оâһɨһۣ
˼Ҳ΢΢ͷ
ৣ
ʱɴٴδ򿪣˪ӰҴææǰһڷ
ʲô
б䣡
ϣ֮ɫ˪ڴڵشŴʱƾӢ֣ͻȻ䡣һɲڸı֮һһսҲеô򣡡
ͫһƺؿʵʥŮԺ⣿
˵Ǵսһһλ֮ˣڸݶӮս£Ҳת
̲סһƺʧɫи׿һ֮ˣս£ʥŮ㲻˵֮˼ûУ׿࣬ôôֳһ
Ҳѵڷ𣿡üͷţ˪ҲһԻ󣬵ܿȻˣ֮ҲеڶˣҲ˵
۾΢΢УƺȴǳŵҡԴؼ䣬ӳ˵ж٣ôôɣΣ֮ʱֳһλԤУ˸Ǻʶڡ
˵ƺ˵ȥΪ̫󵨣գ˵ʧֻ˫ֹס˼ˮҲͨͨš
׿磬㡭


1048 
Ԫ˧о
һһĴһߵ˧֮Уȴǵʱǻʡ򼤶سɫȴǲһ㶣ôˣ
ʧЦһƺ΢΢ԼݣЦذԪ˧ʲôôżˣ
ǰذɽ˵ʱ򣬲൱ôһѲҪſϼ롣ҲǼʱһ˧ӦˣǸҵĻߺߡ
Ƴһۣ޳Цôˣ㵱ҪҼҼƽƽҪ֪߼ҶûĴȮְܾ֮

бƳһֹۣڿȥƺŲЦһذɽȭǸոܼҶԬ˧вˣ϶ൣ
Ԫ˧ɷˣ
˰֣ذɽ̾һʵ˵ĶԣϷ룬ϷȷϣĶ֮¡ҲΪϷǰܾ֮յܵŹһ¡û뵽Ԫ˧˴ʿһհ˵ʵ֪Ȯֻ̫ܣ˱ڵĴ㣬֮бˣһѣһ㣬ϷлԪ˧֮ǣ
˵ţذɽƺȥƺϽסЦһذԪ˧ˣذԪ˧常Ĳսܼˣһս³ƺܼԪ˧Ӣ⳯ù֮أֻǳһСԪ˧عһϣ
ԣذɽؿƺһۣȴץ֡
֮ʦ
Ԫ˧ˣ
ǻȻЦݣƺҲǽץѺ¶ˣǱ˴˶һۣο
ֻ޳һУȴޱ飬תһԵ𳤷磬ĵϼһԪ˧֪ȮֻʵۺȻɱģȥŪǷǵĻ֪ڻ᲻ôӯˣ
꣡
ݺݵһۣ𳤷૵üЩ£Լˡϼһһﻹװƣûװ˰ɣߡǼһֱҪ˧ĻϷûȥһˣԸǵΣ׿ܼҲҲôɵôңȮֻʵжûн٣ϷôҲûáվǾ⣬ϷֻҿѣҲˡԽԽغǿ¾ɱ֮Ƕȡպ֪ϷҲǸµĺ˰
һ̣޳΢΢ͷ˭أǺǺǡ
ˣԪ˧ոտ𼱻ǵģʲô£Խ͵ȫ֪飬ƺһ̹Ȼؿذɽʵ
ԼذɽæϣŭԪ˧ĿʵдݵЩ߲㲻֪ô£Ȼ˻ƵȻó֮ȫ߾˵ȥ˵ⲻϹ𣿱߾ķʽһ˻ȥ˼ҳֱ룬ǽַӾҪɽЩݸ߲ӱ𣬾ʲô
ʲôд£
üͷһƺҲǴһæù쿴ɫҲ૳ڵֱ֣ԾĹ
æ˵ͷذɽҲǷŭǰͷһûϹսİ׳գȻָЩսĽ죬ʵдⲻ䶼ûˡ˵أҲһӮҲôɡԪ˧˫ǰԪ˧ǰģ˵ôźã
⣬ܣ
žһƺݺݵؽˤڵϣ׳һе³ʶĶصģֱǰսϷ
ǰͷȫһͨһݵĸ߲㣬Ӳʹݵĸ߲Ҳȫǰ׳𣿡
ڴڴŴذɽҲûðɣݵȨߣȫһȺԵĶ壬治֪ôݵĲϮ²ϵ浽ڵģߣѣ
ԣ˽Ƿ׷׵ͷͬ޳˼ȴǳüչɵ˭µģ˼ǿ񣬼ӮˣҲܵĳʹҲԺҵ֮ˡһӮǶûʲôôֺαսأ
ɷ£ΪΪо˵ְƺһ̣Ϊ赲㣬̤ǧͿ̿Ϊ˰ġ
ŭһƺһﲱӣȵֻҪһһһ䣬ͱ뵲ݵǰ档ȻݴԪ˧Ͱ׵ˣ֮Ӯ䣬Ҫôȥɣߣ
һ˲һݣƺݣǾ֮ɫѺ¶ŮҲһؿ΢΢ͷ
ƢԽԽʦˣ
׿߶ĿȾģЩƢԣ벻ǻ˵Ӱ΢΢һ̣ѿ¶ȻЦ
ذɽһĴָ޳ãԪ˧ΰɷҲȻԪ˧ԸݹϷһţ
ȻѶôҵԵˣ
˴˶һۣ޳Ҳ΢΢ֱ۲䣬ȴüѣ׿ܼǵͼҲˣԸ£ȥͷֶΣֻڴ֮ǰҪľźãذԪ˧˭˭ԣôͨģǶҪһһŪźһƣ⿹֮ѳ
΢΢˰֣ذɽüͷ壺һֱӵһѣϷȻ˻ȥˣȻһˡҵҪĸӱ˵ģ˻Ƶľʸָ𣿡

Ȼ£һǵʱ
һЦذɽ˵ˣٺ١
ৣ
ѸٽһʿʱǰԪ˧ذԪ˧ĳѾ˻ظǾݸ߲һ¾ƾٳݴԪ˧ݵһӣ׿׿µģ
ʲô
̲ͫסһԣʧɫ׿׿⡭ⲻɣ
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вھ⣬¶룬һ˷ܵؿ˵ʦţֻݵһӣҶۻǿΨһһˣ
̲סݺƺһ֮ɫȴǺһ䣬üоӨâֹס£Ҿ֪֮ˣ׿磬ڻˣ
ǰ֮ˣȻֻһ˰Ử£˪Ҳֹס¶ϲЦݣһΣҪͷ㣬ˣ׿ܼң


1049 
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̲סظЩеʹ飬أϡ¶ˣæȰοѽ㣬ʦŻǺ£𡭡
ǸĻ쵰ȻţôһŶûУ˼һΪʬ׶Ҳأء
ݺݵĨһᣬѺϣн޾˼ϲ˿˿Թ¶ҧǸˣһҪȥЩǷҵȫ
˴˶һۣ˲ȻһЦ˪գգ۾ϲƤѽ㣬ʱȥ׿ҪծĿŮӣƲֹһŶ֪û׼أ
ղһ죬ѲݺһۣˣҲϺðɣ
ǵȻүүһֱߣ£һҪȥģüͷһ˪һЦǿɰ
ذɽӻǴű£ȴĳС㣬ǲĻΰҼҲϰɡԴǰҼ׿ֱ֮󣬱跹˼
ǰ
üͷһһɵؿذԪ˧㲻Ǵ˰ɡԴս׿ȥħڣȻ˫Ժսžͱݺʧ٣ʱ
ʼ磬ذɽÿɷ񣺡贫Ѿ˵ʱȮ־ڹһԦڡȻʧˣҼ˼úġ
˵ԦǴ׿ܼģ
üͷһ޳ؿ˫ԺʱôȮֹһûв鵽
ذɽҡҡͷ̾⻹ΪǣȮֻҵĳôһ֤ݡʵ׿ֻԦڶѣʲô壬ɱӵ£Ǳȥġˣ˫Ժ飬ڣ£Ҳ׿űǣҲΪ֪ܣ¶ɱģ˱ӣȻϷȫеá
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ڰֹ֣˵ȥ޳Ϸֻһ£Ԫ˧˺Լˣ֪׿ܼ˼䣬ǼС˼ɼôͲ˵أ
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üͷһҲǶݺݵؿһֱϾмӣ벻ôɶ˹ؼ飬Ϊβ˵ˣ
ԣڳƺڣغݺݶнԹɫңĻ㣬ܰһУΨ£ȴСǼԭ¡
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οЦҡԴذɽ̾һĵҲ˵ҲϷɡһأϷȮԪ˧о֮塣ɶҲʣҲܶ塣ҽ׿֮˵ȻǣȮֻҳţҡϷһΪ˲֮٣
Ϸ׿й⣬ȹһ˫ŮϷжǳȫ⣬ϷҲἰ
ԣȻ΢΢ͷҲԪ˧ٰ֮ɣҲ½⡣
ߣҲˣҲţȴǲã
ѶԴȴǺ֮ǣԭ£ݺݵصذɽһۣŭذԪ˧֪Щ꣬ΪǺ˿޸˶𣿡
ȻһЦذɽһݣǶԲСˣǺǺǡ
ˣȻѾȥˣ׿ֻˣǾ˰ɣ
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Ƥ̲סݺݳ˳飬޳ʧЦذԪ˧ոտɲô˵ģ˵ĸԲµɰ
Ҳǲ֪ĳ𣿡
üͷһذɽȻǾӱˡ׿һϷֹͰаУƫ棬˭뵽Ϸһ⣬ɲ⣡
ʧЦݸ𳤷粻һ֣ЦԪ˧ôɲ⣡
ΪߣɲⰡҪ˭֪һͼĻǵ˲Ҳ֪ˣ˶֪ˣǻʲôģҲ˵׿䲻о֮ˣûһ֮ǼıΪΪΣգ
ͬеؿһۣذɽü˵ǣѵǿʲô𣿡
˴˶һۣҲȫʧЦҡҡԴ׿ܼһпգ䲻⣬ҪܿŵҲˣǺǺǡ
ô
΢΢ذɽתƺһ̣ƺоâ䣬ȳȥȫ̿Σ˫Ժ󣡡
ǣ
⴫һȣϴȥˡ
һ棬뱱ݱ߽ڣݴӪ˧֮ڣةﾭγһն
бԱߵһۣﾭγЦնݣӦϵԸ˰ɣ
˻⣿üͷһһۣЦ
ʧЦҡҡԴﾭγȻ˿ݣݱϤݣ׵š֪飬ñȥˡǷƽһ˵ҪսëԼҪȥݡɼԶϹټҺ֮ǰҪ𲻿ɣҲе½˼ǺǺǡ
ǺǺǡةҵȻְ̿һЦֻةڱפôˣ֣ڵʲô𣿡
΢΢һͷﾭγÿɷ񣺡ûǶ뱱ݷ͵һӦ֮һٽˣǺǺǡ

Ȼ䣬һȴǴ⴫
ʱˣһЦﾭγһָָ棬Ȼ

һһʿʱ룬£һöĴţҪ棡
ûˣ˵
һǰƣһڣﾭγЦǲǺڵĽ磬ѾˣǺǺǡһڳ־͸˳ˣ
һͣ˳ةˣڵĽˣ콣ҲˡǾһΪ
Ŷ˴콣⣿
еľƱһﾭγ΢΢ȴʧЦ£ֻҪǽ类ƻǾͲܵͷڹˣ˭ƻĵνǷ콣ڳ϶ģǺǺǡ
üͷ΢΢˶˳ȴֵ˼Ϊ˱ţҪة߾衣Ƕὣ֮һ˼ΪϻۣǰǽʹһƳ磬ѱƾΪݴԪ˧ȫ֡˵˺ܿة˵֣ة˶ӽΪã
ҵ֣
üͷһƣﾭγЦҰﾭγݺô꣬ҿϵĵ֣֮١ʲôʱҵĵҪһϸҶ壬СˣǺǺǡƣˣ˵˽ʲôûУ
΢΢˼ͨű˵˱Ϊݵһӣ׿ʱ֣һ
ʲô׿һ
̲ͫסһﾭγйâһóһȴһ֣¶һ˿֮ɫ˵ݴ̽ûйһȴֻ̽һ޵ţ׿ȻͬһˣܺãȻһöּ֣ˡôһΣǿݵˣ¹˭ְɣ϶֣


1050 ճǼ
ϵ˫ֲ΢΢һ£ȻϢһ£ɵһȻĻȣһźֿﾭγĵôζԷͳ˧ǹһ𣿡
ǰӦý׿ŶԣǺǺǡα˿ﾭγɢ˷ܵĹâ
һЦ̾ȻĻţλֳΪǵĶ֡һֱ֮صСӣة˵֪ݱȨа
ǰҪײΪΣաĿǰȴеʧ䣬ҲЩźôһö֣ƽҲһΣδܹƽؽһʵһ¡ܿ죬ֵ֪δЩʣڴ˷ܡû뵽ô죬ǾҪˣһΣĹƽǶݣ˸֣ʵ൱ʽѰڣͿǶ˸ԳˣǺǺǡ
ȻĿǰة˵ƻǿ˶Էֹһﰡڣ²˾ͿԽˡ»Ҫٽಽ裬׷ϴ˵ĲְһսһʼʤƺȻʱŤתǬȴЩ˰ƳһۣЦһ
һЦﾭγÿɷ񣺡䱾޾ԹƽھҵĴţ˫ȴǲġһǧҲа˰٣ܷתΣΪͿˡǺǺǡˣն˭ʤ
ة˺γԣô˵ݣѵϷӮ𣿡üͷһؿһۡ
ȻһЦﾭγһۣȴشЦһ˰֣оâһȻնĪ룬಻һ£п֮ԶѡϾϴСڱնƤӵթѣʵǹթúܡҲǱƽһʧܣѾƵ֮ˣôأ
˵ﾭγ˵ˣֻһ΢ЦؿЦݿڵУȴ˵
Ȼﾭγ仰ûκ֮⣬ǺԣлѾڻɵʱ׿ǵ̽
軨۲΢΢УĬ˼ﾭγôǵЦȴԽԽ졣

Ȼʱһȴأô⴫һҴææ˽˱㵥ϥ£򣬴ŵĳةˣˣսͬʱ򣬶ݱȫʧڱ߾ϣ֪٣ةʾ£
ɽŵţȫȥǴһۣﾭγǲһ֣ʧЦһжСӳˡնô
ݱͬʱʧڱ߾ͬڽ߾ҾǴɳֱ룬ΪӪһݣָտɴ
ϵľˮһֻԾĹʵΥ߾һͻƣڸźͼ壬ǸΪݣ޴տأν޵ֿ֮ˡһͨˣҲԲеľοǽթСأϷΪ棬һթ
΢΢˵ԴﾭγЦһնǡСӵļթ˻֮£թ˵
˵ţﾭγоâһ뵽һֿܣߡΪթأ
Ŷ
ƣʵ֮ʵ֮
һЦﾭγݵıӲȫܵģ꣬һ꣬һ¡ڹʲҾģǺթҽսʱ⡭ҲһճǼƣҲ˵
ϸϸ˼΢΢ͷǡǿճǼƣûϵ׷ȥ񲻵¶ݣǿĹ˲䶪ȴһͿˡգðʵ̫˰ɡǿճǼƣʲôһ룬ͻ᷸գҲʧҲһ
ԡǾͿһжɣ
һ
԰
һЦﾭγ֮ɫҪҶļƣͱҪҵҡֻһճǼƣﲻЧһк֡һĺ֣Ҿ֪ҪҸʲôˡһǧټƣӪϹĻ

ȻĻδ䣬һһ˽ɫеعڶǰݵة˼´ѶݸңسѹƣةɱԮ
ʲôݴң
һ󺧳ôܣǳǰǽݸط׵ûŸҷģôô죬ͻֱңĸѹס
۾΢΢һУﾭγ˼ȴһЦȻЦԭˣСն㻹û𣿡
ʲô
Сӵư
һЦﾭγ·𿴴һУһŵ֪СʩչǿճǼˡĪ˱ñ֪ξϡغõݵ̽ӽңĿľ˱ƽҡһΧݵıͻ٣ÿͻΧһֲڣ˻ᣬ˺ǵİΧȦֱݡǺòӪİΧ֮߾ûˣ˸ܵУĴҵξ棬ҲӮ˿Է̵ʤ
üͷ΢΢ţ˼΢΢˵ͷòƵȷˣةǻ˫ô·
£ȶţһ£Ҷݣٻرƽң˰֣ﾭγɫƽǹЦݡ
΢һͷ˹һݣȥˡ
ϸϸ˼ĵٻȥƽң᲻ᡭ
նˣһЩݻݵ̽ӣǳ鷳ܴýǵ۹߸ɣ
ȻһЦﾭγȫΪ⣺ⶼ׿ķֱ֮ƣҿɲϵҡһҪճǼƣգ޶ûضȥҾλ̴ɱݣֱһ֮ڣضݱ
ǣ
һȣ⴫ȥˡֻɫ£ϸϸ˼ĵһ⣬ȻʤЦݵİﾭγƳһ˿âʱ۵
һ棬ڣ׿ϣԱһϼһżæŵߥţ֮ɫʱ׿ɫȴֹ

ʱһȴһӵʱ¡Ҳôˣ
ǰرϢƣݽǵ۹ңʵ۰ﾭȻҪﾭγӱƽң
ʲô
̲ͫסһ˲ɫһȻһϲɫؿ׿Ǹм֮ɫ̫ˣ׿ʵ̫лˡħɽ˻ͣݸظһǰﾭγ㲻˱Ҳˣ
ǡ
ȻЦδ£һɫص̽ӱﾭγûʵۺ٣ٽݡݱ߾Ȼ䣬·ֱݱضȥ;ûܵ˿ӣֱ룡
ʲô
̲סһ˸ոջ˸߲ҵһȴִסˡ


1051 
üͷĽѩһۣ²γ̾һﾭγȻ׶ԸĴڣճǼƻǱˣ
ǰǺãճǼһֲĴ
æصԴһ׿׿ô죬ʾ£
ǲһƲĽѩæǰҲˣֻЩԹشȳôܻأΪ⣬ɶݡ㻹ģıҲˣ
㲻ҵģҲҪȫˣʲô£УмƲƲ죬׿ÿɷһ
ĽѩֻǺݺݵҧгݡ
ûȥĽѩĽ飬˻һֿؿ׿ľ֮ߡ
һЦǵ˼׿ȴǲֻȻʵһУԤ֮Уҷģһнеú˳
ߣͻᴵţǿճǼƶʶˣ̸ʲô˳ݺݵصһۣĽѩһмؼڽ
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ѩĪҪԴĦҴû˵õǿճǼƣǲԼĶѡʵһʼҾʹǽݣյ֮ơڵ»ѵǲø𣿡
ʲôյ֮ƣһ㶣˽Ǵ󾪳
ضţĽѩϳؿŲŶ֣յУߣ㵱ûѧյеĿҪ벻Աҷơָ£ݱûκ׼ȫһ;жûݣսʲôã˼ҶѣΧ𣿡
֮ǻѧõģ㶮ʲô
оâһ׿мƲƲ죬Ȼɫһ࣬˵Ѿȥˣϣ˸ݱ𣿡
ݺͶݵѾż㣬ˣ
΢΢˵ͷĵֻһʱһжһ죬ܻ·ϣδʱ
ʧЦŵͷ׿ȻݡܾµҼҼɣǺǺǡ常һȷеŤܡξе죬ӦܵľΪϽ

δ䣬һǴһö򣺡ݴţݴȻصֻ׿ܼʾ£
ɫ΢΢һ׿¶һ˿ȻЦݣ׿ܼҡûôƺˣܿҪˣҪ㶼㲻ˣǺǺǡ
ˣ
һЦ׿أһ⣺ݱдֱﱱݣȫҴ͹ǵսڱݣ
ǣ
һȣȥˣȴȫɵˣ̲סؿ׿׿׿ʲô˼ݵô죬óȥ
ǰֻҪһסһصĻͿԴɹʶˣָӣΪǶ뱣ȫԼĵԲŲ֪Ǻõģô
ض׿ţϹٷҲһ֮ɫ׿˵ˣҪҲǱݣô뷽跨ǽ۵֮أ˵찵ʾʲôˣôôڲƭǣ
˰֣ԣæɫһ࣬Ʋϵǻβס¶ϲ⣺ϹټĪҪ˵Ϸ׿һǳڴ룬ôġ
ϻ㱱ݣ㵱Ȼ˵ݾôͿ˰Ҫôأ
ɫһŭϹٷ۵ȳˣҲ̲סը˹ίһֱƭ˵ĸо
ضǣ׿ҲǳˣɤӶ쳳ˣ󣬲ĵǲҪˣͼҪ;Ұţ
֨
أһͣȫ׿нϣĿ⡣
Ϲټ˵ֻǼ򵥺һݵĻҪָʲôã
ؿһۣ׿ЦûңȻ֪ΨһʤǺÿ˶ԼС̣ûǾһȥҲѡһݵġԼ룬˵ĶԲԣ
ϲ΢΢һϹٷ۳³һȷκһݣ˶ƽ⡣ҶүǣΪ˱ݣȴԼ磬˭ܵˣΪʲôǾͲܺҶأ뷨ƻ˭һǼˣҲԸԼսҲԸƽ޹ʳΪ˴򹤵ģ㡭
㲻ԼԼĵͳȥȲѣ˱ɣϹٷ˵ߺޣ˵ȥĽشһӹ磬ǸоϵˣƵãԼ綪ˣ
ȫ΢΢ͷ
ֻһЦռ˱ˣȰοҲҪôѹȻ׿ַʽЩǷףôһѵľݹһұ֤ұݺұһмӣҶԼˣؾ
ޣ
˱ԣߣ
ݺݵһۣȴ
ոԣһ˵׿ôĻ䲻ɸλƾΪͬԪ˧ˣ
Ȼ˶һƣʱ׿ȴֻһתЦ
ӲһȫĪ
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ݺֻηءϧ׿ءҪĺǽν᲻úײסǣ᲻ϱһ᲻áǺǺǡ֮ڶȥݣ⣬޹ġǺܿ죬Ҿðﾭγʹ޳⣬ҹԹ³İɣλĵ̣ԭⲻصλУ׿֤
һؿ׿һۣϣ֮ɫģ
ȻҲкɣû취ȥôţȻѾݣھֻܼϣ׿ıôˡ
ҲֻĽѩʲô֮ͨܣֻԻЩȻʧ˷ĸϲѡ
Сӣһһֱ㣬ˣʲôƣ
Ȼݵǣϣɲٻұˣߣ
һ棬˫Ժڣƺָɳ̣üͷɪĴѾֱ룬ƨɺ档ûǣ֮˵û˱߾£ֻһ¡ڿһ֮ڣȫݾҪˣ
ǰ׿ܼҵĿճǼƱʶˣüͷţ𳤷Ҳֹסͷ̾˷׷׳üչ
ǣôݣҲΪ׿һǹǿճǼơΪƲգݶ˶̾Ϣ
ϧȫ´ˡ

һ죬ʱذɽӰٴγǰּɫˣдȫͨȥݣս
̲סһɫһ䣺ȥݡսѵ˵һУ׿ܼҼƲ֮Уδƫ룿һжΪ˽ӭս
뵽˻࿴һۣ
׿ܼҡҪʲô
ֻذɽ˼ú󣬳³һ̾׿ˣȻɲ⣬ȫĶ߰


1052 
׿Ѿȫݣʾ£
Ҳȫ˱ݣʾ£
Ѿڱǰ߾أʾ£
һͨ׷״ڣ׿еİŶ뱸뿴

˿׿룬Ʒһ裬Ȼٻ£ƽ֮ɫǺܿ죬ȴоâһվһһָȳҵһطݱ졣ڶȫݣ죬һ죬Բԣ
ǰһôʥʯҲ˲ٰ΢΢˵ͷϹٷ۳
η۶׿ÿɷ񣺡̵ȻҪǮ
ҵֻۣ롭ֵֵ
һеֵģ
һЦ׿ӣǻһаĻȻǰѾִϣôҾҪһҲҪһ˽ⳡսݶݵĴսܷӮһˣ
̲סһ˼龰ɫһ࣬ȫ
һܽһУʲô֮߰˴ã
һֱ׿ˮݵĽѩʱ˿Ҳס˺ʲôȻŵٳ
ôǡ
ضڳ˵۾ֱǿһڸ׿кâһһһٵսɱݵĲܽ𣬰죡
ʲô
˻
Ӳݺһ˲뵹һ׿ȻȫĿɿڴû뵽׿һȻŵľϡ
˵ǿ
⡭ʵ̫˰ɣ
촽̲ס˶Ϲٷŵ׿׿ûɣһɱ죿ֵʵɱ˸²ûʲô𣬾ϼˣҲǷַӾͻͻ˰
Ҳż֮Ҫɱ
оâһ׿ǺǿǿҲˣڵҲԪôˣ϶һɱɱ飬֮ʱԴԴһ̣һսǾӮˣ
Ƥ̲סݺݳ˳飬˰Ǽݵһ֣׿ֲ飬ŵľ
ȻҪóǧĥܽǰ붼ûڣ׿ôǲЩԥǵ
ƺǰȻʬɽѪĳ棬޵һ㣬˲ֱӣ
ƤֹסݺĽѩһ뵽Ĳ󣬵𣬴ħʲô⣿ô޹飬ȥֽУж˲ˣȻǸѪħ
սܽս𣿡
Ǽսÿһ˵ĶֶǾȵġܽЩһߵĲʵ̫ȥڻң壡
Ĳܽһ˿һԪҲ壬Ͼۼö˶ܿ󣬸οսĥĥ
ǾɱʲôãΪɱһܽôˣսӮˣǵĶֻаﾭγͽǵ۹ʱʲôȥԿǣ
ǰΪɱһܽ𣬿ܾҪһݣս԰ﾭγͽǴأ
ĽѩĻҲ΢΢ͷüͷʵѵ׿ô࣬Ϊֵͷ𣿡
Ĺâ׿ǻаĻȣ΢΢ͷˡǱΪ²ܽͷΪʧ̫󣬾Ӯսˡǡǡ෴͵սʤ۽ǵ۹ǰﾭγַ군ô򵥣
²һݣȫһɵؿĽ͡
ǵ۹һ۹ͬʵǿ󣬼ûѭһУǲܽ𣬰ģ
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̫̰ˣҲ̫ˣȲҪԼλ֮ʱݴһͳķṦΰ԰ѵ۹չ̫ˣ
³һ׿Ϊͬʱѣﾭγ˱彣⣬£սϹٷƣˡһõ۹ƸǿݺԵֻֿΪ˾ݣͿ˵۹ȫ˽ϣõ۹ڲѷҲ׶ҡŻԺ̻֣Ϊ̻᲻̵ͨǱԹ˵ϵܻڵ۹ʱӰ۹ȶҪء
ڳǰ̻һҪʧһôӴļţڵ۹ڲؼʱ鷳䲻ò˱ʹмƻһĽС㣬һֱ˵ôҺģʵѹûôϵ֮λ޴ǣﾭγҪҪǣ¶ѡ·Խǣ˻ԽࡣֻһӰˣĹ֣
һĽѩȥֻ㱾ʣ޹أ¼£¸أ
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˰֣׿ʧЦһŮ˹ȻǺýģǱ㿴ЩүǣڼȻ֪ǿԵɣиɻĵطҲӦס浶ǹӲɣ򲻹ǡǵȴһᣬﾭγ̫ԸҲ̫УȻǵ֮ڲܽӵˡܽҲǸԸˣΪ޵УҴˡһǾлˡ
˵ܽĺΣգһݣŵ˲Ҷͬģ˵ڲҲΣաΪ֪ǽ㾡ȫɵڸɵʧ̫󣬲սĵǣұ֤ﾭγСӣǸӵġҿһ룬ܽ븹أΪ߸ŵĶǱ彣ûһյأ
üͷһü˼ãŷĵΪΣ
ŷǰ˵ĺܶԡ𿴰ﾭγͰ춼൱ԸҲСĽߵˣԲġ࣬ı졣ﾭγҲأսǵһµʲôѡݵһ𣬰Ѱˣ
оâ˸˸׿·Ȼе֢᣺ˣЭģǰұ彣ΧݴģȴĴսһڰﾭγĸҪһĿȻ½췴Ҳµ۹ݣڱɼˣðǰǼԸֽһˣ
ʵҲȷˣǼκһ֧޹ؽҪҡ˽ǹΨⲻܽˣʲôûλǿ˵壬ǾŴţƣﾭγĴսڲܵڽǵǲʱսˣԼ͸ķˡһ۹䡣ĻǼ㸶ݵܰݽǵ۹ˣǲǺܻأ
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ǰһսʧٴҲνܻһһݣֶΪ
ֻĽѩƤֹסزض׿ţҧǧһʤħЩ鵱ʲôݴսսˣҲôˣ㡭
ͳ˧ֻӺ֣
Ƴһۣ׿ĳֻ֪һ£Ҷ԰ﾭγ壬ͽˡ


1053 
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ݵı߾ϣݵսȻ׷״͵˶ǰԼشһ򣬵İšͳ˧ĸڸ֣Ҳˣǻ߾֮أн֣֪һ⡣
ͻȻһȴⱱķѩ֮أһ߷ڸ߿գĵؽ磬һ߳ɤź
ৣ
ȻЩȲˣƺսָ߷׷߳˧ʣ죬ϽǼ֮ɫоˣ׿ľ֪ɽˮ֮أ׿ʲô
ǰȻݣ޿ˡһж׿ܼҼƻ֮ڵĻǷ֮ˡ
룬𳤷˻࿴˿ɫһ࣬ϣ֮ɫֻһƣĪأǺǺǡٴμ׿ܼҳ֣Щڴ
һˣҲͷüͷֹסضţǼ
ݣ
һƿ죬һʱҵǰһȭݴԪ˧׿һǿߣ֧Ԯݣغñ߾
˵ţ˱㹧صһȴǺеĴû٣
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һ㶣ƺȴûнӹã֮ɫ׿ǴݵֻΪ˷ݣ⡭
ǰֻ˵ĻǰеĲ𶼵ȫʧˣǻԵѣұǰķãø죬ⲻ׿ܼҳֵӰ޳Ҳһɻظ˸ɽ룬۲֮ɫ
ؿһۣǴЦһȭҪᣬֻǵģ˻б
ʲô˵һȳ
ɫЩǴһһɨڳ˵ݴԪ˧붫ݣټݳһսڷƽһдۣɱڱݵĲܽ𣬰죡
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˵Цڳɴ͵Ǵоѣ뿴ǣһɻλߣôˣΪΡ
ضǣɻΪȻЦţǳЦЦУȴŵı¶۽֮Уӯӯ֣
ܼңǡǹģƺĳ
˰֣𳤷ʾް˵ЦҲȫȻֻ࿴˿ȴȫ˵ͷЦ
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λôˣһԻ֮ɫƺнã
һȻĻȣ𳤷һݣ̾һӦ˵׿ܼҵ°ܽЩҲ׿ܼһϸµ˼˵£ӦҲԡڿѾˣķڷ׿ܼϣһδܵõĶ
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ǺǺǡȷ˲ƸȷԼ۸ˡȻһЦ𳤷ôһֱ̼Ŵѹأ
üͷһƺ¸ɣܼʲô˼ôԾô󡣵ǽǵЦĿ⣬ƺǳһνͨ񣬱ŴѹǾҸĿɽѹһ
ȨıԼԴȡԴԼԴһЩģ
γ̾𳤷Цһͷȴŵ㰧˹âΪؤ۸ˣǾͱֱ̼֣̼ѹˣǾΪ١һȴǻǿĶѹȣһӲѹˡ⣬ǣ׿ܼȴǲͬҲΪ㲻ͬҲŻڶ̶ʮڣǿңΪƿȨߡǡԶģ
²һݣƺؿǣ֣صʲôͬ
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ôܣɫһ䣬ƺĪ
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׿ܼǵĲͬˣǡǳܱȣ
ƺߣļͷ޳ҡͷʧЦǰһֱ⣬۲ǲ֮£ǵͷɲǸǵġˣػû㣬۹ûԶǸԱ⡣
ܽ˽֮Ǳ֪ģ̫ǿˣǸ߲£ΪĴ̫ȫܳɹ׿ܼһʼͶƸۣݣֱǣ˭Ȳϡƻϸ֮²סһݵսǧ֮࣬һݰǧսƣﾭγҪԮͻơ
ݰսǽܽǿųһսһݣڻ¡ĺϹܳŵʱݰһ˭˿ɼǰ붼롣һеĽǽǵ۹˲׿ܼһУֱͱҪǧư¼ǶİﾭγҲ뵽׿ܼһĺݼƣ
Ƥţƺ󣬲׿ǿգǻĪЦ⣺ǰλܼ˵һǵõǱֻʱ׿ҪҴ򶥵ԣ˵ľˡǵʱԼţڡǺǺǣ׿һһʼ׼ˣû룬û£׿磬ҵĳܼңػ񣡡
΢΢һ˽ͬصͷ
ôΣ׿ѡǡ
ǣ΢һ޳ᶨ벻ܽǷӽսԸﾭγնҪ򵥶ˡ
ǰλ˸ò£ʱǸҲǲĽǳ˺ð°Χ˲ܽĿƶҪ޳˰ɣ
Ȼ䣬һ˷䴫˺ѷΣֱ


1054 
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˵ҪȥܽƴĽУЩ׼ǲ½ΪһƬɥһ㣬쳹ءڣ鰧Թ֮أֱֱݴľǰ
ﾭγԼ׿ʲĿճǼƣ׼֮ءСҪδͷɥЩ˺ݴǣⲻˣʱȴͻɥһ㶣ȳ
һĹһ̽ӵʱ嵽Уرةˣ֪ô£ݱ߾ͻȻֻǰ죬Ȼǧ֮⡣Ȼ߽磬ı֮࣡
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üͷһﾭγɻ󣬵ǺܿȻص˵ͷЦŶԭˣճǼˣݱ֮£ȫˡߺߣһȺӱѣƿ϶ѹֿ޵ôءȥȫ䱸ʽԷǽͻϮ
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ﾭγһ֮ɫɵúС߳ţԼ̲ס
ৣ
˧رÿȻ˽ɪģһ㶣Цةˣʲô£˷ܵģ
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Ŷô˵ҪллةˣǺǺǡ
ȻһЦ΢΢ͷȴһȴûбֳǼЦǺǵˣة࣬˵ⳡսúһôôôжˣ
ؿһۣﾭγȻԵõ˿Ц⻹Ҫл϶֣׿׿ĿճǼưǼƲһʶƣ͵ڰݡڱݱ߾ǱƺȻƴݵսȫͨˡҲ˵ûеֿһ֮ڣܰлȥĴͨˣУ
ţðʱ䣬Щȥݵıأһ𹥴ݡһǿɾͱ˽ӣ·ˣ
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Ƥ΢΢˶ﾭγǰףĻ䣬ȴǳĬֻǵͷŲ룬ĺ⣬֪ʲô
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΢΢˵Դﾭγ֪ѲµҲˣֻӡһ򣬵ࣵһ죬ǿķӡǽȻϽ쿴
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׿㡭úģ
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ȻȫﾭγһӺ󣬲ڻعɫȫŤ˫ȭץţָ׶лԾҲݺҧţѪȴҲûᡣ
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һ·Сܣһʱǰ£ȭةˣ·Ը
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ǡûмة˱ŭǴһ󾪾壬æԴ뿪ˡ
һŵ˧ȥﾭγ·һһٲǰ侲ǣӲ羪֮һ㣬૵ھˣжҲ˵һ֣ͻɽ˵ľѻĿꡣһ¡׿㹷ģ̫ˡ
ݵϸҴ󣡡һȣﾭγָǸŵʿ
˵ԴҲة಻֮󣬶˵ˣ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ţﾭγѾ޷ˣֻͷð麹ݱݸȻ죬Ҳ˵ܻص߾ϣôȫҪ칤һ죬찡ڣܶסЩ˴˷׿Ҳ̵ģ˱ң
ﾭγһȻˡ
ˣȴһ㶣Ȼ̣ʵةˣʲô𣿡
⡭û£͵һﾭγת׿һۣȴǻˣȴҧҧָ˻ȥ
ڱ׿ɱ鱨ĸս֪ȻĻ¸鷳ˡ
׿湥ĸְмıһеѱˣ˭޷ָܵУ⻹̽ӵ£ǲ֪Ļ
۾΢΢һУﾭγȥֻıȻ亹ʪ
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1055 ܵ

ﾭγһѶȻˣͲûಡ˵ͨȴٴһֺһ´˴֮ڣ
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ȫûע⵽ة˽ĲףǴֻͷ󺹣ææةˣ۶ʮȣ¿ɱԮ۹ǧ˰ٶʮǳأʮݣұڼ֮Уѹס
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̲ͫסݺһﾭγһ󺧣ô˵ⳡСС֣ǴûģݣĻѵǺ̻᣿
Ƥɵúݺݳ˳飬ﾭγҧأ涼ŭɫ̼֣ϴνǵܲǵķֲ˲ȫʧˣ໹Ϊɢˣû뵽ҡߺߣãˣþƽɴ̻ȥѹ
ةˣƽݸأҪҲУҡ΢΢ƳƳƺ³˵ʲôĳոշǴ͵ݱ߽֧Ԯڵ۶漱Ȳһ̣ҪȻǾзֳһȥƽѰɣˣֹͣ棬رԮ
̲סһ𣬵û˵꣬ﾭγæһ֣ϵšܻԮ棬һҪ棡
ةˣҸǼʱԮϾѹסﷴ֮ͽǵʱ۹ΣӰ
ضţתת̽ǼֳһЩУƾڵķ£Ҳżʮ졣ʱ䣬ƽѳɹɱˡ˵ܿݵıҲҲ칤һܶס
ܶס¶סˡǿǱǻʱ䰡˷һӣпڶ۹̼߽⡣
ֻҪڻţϣĶûʱ̣ƴĵ۹ˣҲȱڰ
׿ӡ
ﾭγҧгȴһʱӦ˹ѵ˵һж𣿾Ϊҵʱ䣿ǲǿճǼƣյ룬һݣûдʹû취ʱԮڿճľ԰ȫʱ䡣۹ıҲŵĻҾǸܵС
ʱ䣬ص۶ƽѣûڣôǾˡҪڣȫ޷ǷߣȳҲ൱Сҵ۶ıڳ˵Щڽض˵۶Ԯ󣬷ͷ谭ǽҲǵľԮôߣ壬Ȼˣ
뵽ﾭγһֱԼϣ˫Ŀÿն
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˴˶һۣҲ뺩ЦĽҸһ͵ؿܳưﾭγ֮СӵģҲֻ׿ˡ׿ǼƷǷҵ塣ոǰߴսﾭγһ̬ɱ͹ǰߣȻ֪׿ߣƷ˰ǺǺǡ
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ҵǰƣﾭγϹˣֱҷһǰڰԤս¡Ϊô죬ͷֲأһԺ񡣰ϣ֪۹ѺӦûһǰȥؾȡΪ³ҵͼûȷ֮£ڵ۹ѣòŲʣ
оâһ׿ɨˣô𰸺֮ˣһ³ҵͼȻȷˡΪλȷ˸ˣŻʲôˣһǿ߾
ֹסݺݲ˲˲һʲô֮оȻͽ˭
أ˶࿴ţһ֮ɫ
׿ȴأһЦһνذڰֵ˭ͽҪҲûϵıģı֣ıҴ군ˣıϵĶҴҲνӱѾݣһʱء⿿Ҫһݰսʱǲܵġʱ䣬ǵʤ
׿ǲԤϵ֮ͽ΢΢һ˻࿴˿ֿ׿
صԴ׿ÿɷ񣺡ڵĽôǿﾭγȻҪһ̣Ӧ֪սУϸսǱģһʼͲ²⣬ӦжԷ̽档ҵͼûһʼǣǰҲûйͣ¶ˡνΪѾУǺǺǡ
׿ҲҵȰݷɫһݣڳ֣ؿ׿¡ֻĽѩбƳɫ䡣
ϲ׿ˣֶκıԣҲ°ޡò˵ˣǶħɱ̫ˡ
ݴսһ˵ʲôҪ˽ɡý˵һʤ
⿴˿ֻɫ׿ֿˣһЦλԸܽİȫ죬󣬰ﾭγ֧ۣʲô¶ܷˡҵܽ𣬲Ū
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΢΢һЦ׿ͫɫ⻷һǳ쳤һβͫڶأƿգ

ǳһݺȻ̵һ㷺˳ĹâȻ·һ㣬ವһ߿գػɵС㣬ⰻȻ
龰ڳ˲ȫˣ⡭ôһ£콣ķӡͽˣ˼򵥣
ǻûûҹһ궼ûƷ⣬ǲ̫ˣ
һʱ䣬˿׿۵ľ;塣׿ˣıˣֶηǷ
ϹٷҲЦֹâʱһ־ְѳлУ׿лллǰҴæˡ
ǺǺǡ׿Ҳ֪ܵذ֣һͬӿǺܿ죬Ϲٷ۱أһͣӦɫҲǺĳһ۵лӦõĺòãǵĽ׾ߣ
΢΢ƲƲ죬׿Ϊ⡣
ˣȴȻһЦϲ˶ߣȰοȴĿģϹټ㲻ˣ˼ҵ˵û˵׿Ϊ⣬㻹ʲô˵ģ
٣㡭
˺ˣĳ콣ѽ⣬û˰ɣǾͻȥɣ
ƵһߣһЦſ׿׿콣ˣǷ콣ǺǺǣ֪ǻʲôʱͽ
Ŷҵͼˣ
ôһ㶣˵ʱһ
һЦ׿¶аЦݣԱ꽣˷콣ȻǸȥˡʱϼһҪɣ
ʲô
һĲɵúݺ׿һըԵϢٴȫˡ
׿졭һģ


1056 
ض׿ţڳȫȦˡĽѩڴϢ֮һŭش˰ɣҾ֪ɿǻƫҪǰһֱ÷콣ԼǣڲŸǣڲܽˣǣ
Ƴһۣ׿Цһÿɷ
˳˼ã࿴ȴҲüͷ壬һ㷵ؿ׿׿ǰǴӦǣỹ콣ģô֡
ǰҴӦˣոҲ˵ˣֱܽҪ͵£
Ƥݺһ飬޳ˣ켱ֱţ׿ⲻǷϻô־콣ģڽˣҪ𣬳Ǹɵӣ
˵ҲǸɵأٺٺ١
üͷһ׿ʱ¶һаЦݣ٩
һ㶣˶һؿԡ
΢΢֣׿еߣողҲ˵ô콣ģ⽣ֲԼȥģʱô˵
OO@@һ׿̧ЦݡüͷǺɵؿһۣ𣿡
㻹𣬱ӵ⣬Ĵʧ
бһۣ׿һָͷԼķṦΰŽ磬ҳɣﾭγΧݣǼĸһҲӳΧɣֱΧ˰죬ǰﾭγƷˣҲҵ⣿ĴûЧǻң
ؿ˼̲סصԴȷ׿ﶼǴɱ֮ţ֮ɵ¡ҺվˣȻǹø죬ҰôǳȥѰܽټʱͰ˵ɣϣһĹã
϶ã߰ɡʱѷ콣Ҫһһͷذڰ֣׿æغǳȥˣѾʮˣǸϽȥɰɡʲô⣬پвӦ㣡
˴˶һۣ˽΢΢ͷ׿һݣȥȻˣҵȸˣЩָͣм
˵ǿΣ뿪˴
Ȼ䣬طֻʣ׿һֱ벻ʧȥǵĳԼŮȸ˺͡Ľѩ
ôأüͷһ׿ؿһۣѾûˣЩϼһﶼˣ㻹ʲô
ල㣡
ලң
ûһƬĽѩؿһܽ˽һһǳıߣʵǲšҪס㣬ֳʲôУɲʰ鷳
һ䣬ĽѩһȵһľϣٶˡǱ˫Ҳ׿ֻǶĶطʾԼĴڸжѣ
˼˵ˣУһֱأ
Ů˻鷳
һ󸹷̣׿תתȴЦһߣĵĽݹȻԸ뿪Ҳȥֻվã⼸ֽһЩ£òνСʤ»飬˵һǷ޶ҪЩˡĽݹԸ¹ĦţµҲν˵Ըһһ£¸֮ˣǺǺǡ
㡭
ղͨһƬĽѩ֮⣬ߺޣɷһƬֻƯĴ۾ݺݵţȴҪ˫ȭֹס߬𣬵ջ˵һ仰ź޺޵һ֣أȻתͷ뿪ߣˣûһö
ף⻰綼ȥˡ˵治ǰʵһ𣿶Ժкô

׿֪ܣҡҡ̽⣬ɤӴ󺰣ȴֻԶԶشһ߷ߵıŭ
ʧЦһ׿ÿɷҡҡͷȻת׿ĿпնһƬĳǣأرһƬȸȥˮǼҪ˷֣
ǣף
΢΢һͷȸɫ£뿪ˡڴһֱţδԶڲ쿴׿涯ĽѩȻôȸСﶼˣһͣ׿ոյĺݺݵǴһۣҧɫߣ˶ˣšߣ޳ܵĶ
ŭһ˦˦֣ĽѩҲټӣ뿪ˡ
һʱ䣬ڣֻʣ׿ͳˡ
գȴһͷ԰׵㷢ǰΪϳĺһ㣬׿˫ٴйâһóһľӣٲ㴹µĳչ
ǣǷޣҴû̹׹ҵһС
ˮų׿ȴӯӯұͲˣóǰұħʣأ֪֮ǲ޾ѡˣ㡣Ԥֻ٣ԶǷ֮Ϊҵ·ǺǡҵȵҶĻҪصöࡣҵ꣬δʧ
ֻǲ֪׿һ˫մѪĹ֣εºܣԵԴ
ų΢΢ţ׿Щʣ׿δ˿Ĵҡһңʧ䣬ҲοǺ£ΪˡڶˣҲңҵȴֻʹǣϣңֲϣңģǣҪȥ춨ϣǰȻҲʹһΣΪҵ˽ģϣһƬհףġ
еͣ׿عǰͷ˫ϥ֮УֹסزţɤӸȻ˵
ݣ
΢ǲ԰׵ĳǵ˫˹ʣҲۿлת˫΢΢˶ǽӲԴ£׿ǲϳ鶯ӣȴûеģ¶֮ɫ
һֻҲɵ̧׿Դȥ
׿֣
Ȼʱһ𣬷·Ǳһ㣬ǵӵʱһ̧Ҳȥٴοն
ȫûע⵽һ쳣׿̧ͷŬԼɫƽ⿴ȥȴ֪ʱҶۺˮȻ׷׵룬֮ϡŵģǰǽȸ
֣ر˱ȭﲻЦ׿ݴԪ˧⼸֪Ԫ˧ټкηԸ
ǺǺǡ˵ЦˣڸλЩǰʲôݴԪ˧ģֻһ֣ˣǴңҰµģɱ˰
ԭˣ׿ôҪˣɴЦһﶨͷã׿к·Ը˵޷ֵһ
һҲǼᶨصԴž֮ɫ
Ƿ𣬽ǰˮ׿ɫһݲǰҰͻȥڽݵĴӦѾѸٻسˣôͨص˫Ժȫѡ񣡡


1057 ʮ
ã׿ַԸǣ΢΢һڴӦֻǺʱ
ϣȻǺڱսϾͻյʱΣգϣǾ뿪
û⣬ھͶ֣صص˵ͷ׿һȭ׿֣أ
أ
׿Ҳׯһȭ˱ųǻ뿪ʱȴͻȻһ˦֣˲ץס׿ƣǯһ㣬ץţ˿ɣ
˫ͫ͵һ׿Ȼ̧ףϣɾǣϳˡ
ǣӳģȴǿն˫ͫû˿仯
ɫһ׿̾˿
׿ǵıܣǵָʶ»ҪЩʱУˮҲǳ³һ׿ǰȻһֱץųǵקǺֵǣγץ׿ȴ쳣֮ڲϧָ׿׿У˿˿Ѫ֣
˼ˣ˴˶һۣ޿κΡ׿ҲЩֻؿųǣƬ̣ĳֻȴǰδе֣أǣ㱣֤һʳԣ
΢΢˲ǵɫƽʲôǺȻ׿ı֤ֻק׿ɵ֣ڿʼɿˮǸæһק˻
ˣ˲ɿ֣׿ȭ󣬴ųǻ뿪ˡ
ң뿪ǰҶ׿֤һôɩܴչ˺
ݸһЦ׿жЩ˻ǱȽϷĵġΪȻڿҿչ˳ֵ꣬ˣ
˵ӰȻʧ׿죬ȴ֮ʣǷǰףϾҪ峿ˡ
׿ȸһ鶼Ѱףȸǳɣ
ȥ
һ׿
һ㶣ȸЩ⣺ף뿪ˣٳʲôµĻǸô찡
ǰСԼȥɣ
оâһ׿аЦ̵ְ֮ѳɡս൱ɱذܾ֮ʡʱǴӱ̣֮ݵľƣһ췭ظı仯ǵҲзֵһʱ֮ͨ·ͿԿʼˣǺǺǡ
䣬׿ʱһ̤ط򱱺֮ǰȥȸһЦҲǸæϡ
ų΢׿ŮԼĿĵǰǺڵĻڽ磬ûǷ콣ӳ֣׿ɾܸճһ󶴣ʱɱϱﳤȥҲǸЦˣ
ͬʱ׿ŮںʱͬЦһϣҲͬá˵ǸòŶԣ
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ڣһը죬𶯡ڵĻڽ磬ˤڵϵļ㣬һѳһƬƬ㣬ɢ֮䣬˲ûӰ
ţ֮ϣɫâǧУ񷻷ơµѹ·Ҫضѹ˰㣬ڵڻԪǿߣɫĻ֮£ҲֹסǰһͣԺƽ籼󺣰ԪҲ·СϪ㣬Ҳתֺ
ֻһѹȻŵǿߣʧȥսɫĻֲ֮˹
ݸ߲ͻ˶׷׳һУȴҲ´󺧣ɫŵɷһƬгܽ֡ˣ
ʲôܽ𣿡
̲ͫסһոոĽѩҲǲɵþеǾ֮ɫǲֵܽ󣿾Ȼȴ㻹Ҫֲö࣬⻹𣿡
֮ɫĽкóһѽɫ׳ͷȴǱٲҧܽϹܳƵأҪ˵ĻöԸˣߺߣ
ԣڶ߲˴˶һۣȫһص˵ͷеȶӶڷ
⣬ǲܽƣδ¶棬ƾȻܰһڸ߲ŵõСˣ
䡭
һ쳹صıƴԶ͵ҷ磬ŵ˺ѷεİѸϯڡѪʱƬͷĲ񷣬ɫ޵һ㣬˲뵨սľǾ췢ѣǹŨҵŻµѪζȴȻƮɢŵ֮ء
²ˣܽЯʮӵܣȻڽ磬ɱˣ
ৣ
ʱһȫԡѪĳϣʧǰɥֻƬ̹Ѿ
ӲݺݶţҲЩֻŽŵӣת׿ˣ죬Ľݼ˫𣬻иݵλǡǱҪ׼֮ɱֵģԼˣãˡͰ׿˵ȥӭսʱ䣬ֻҪǰݰսһϾͿĥǣ
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ݺһȭ˽Ƕȴ
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ǲһĽѩزԸ
˫һɣĽҺݺݿ߳ȵѩŸʲôȥҪ׿ƣǱҪȥӭսĻԼȥˡ¹°ΣͱСƢˣ
εһĽѩ䲻ԸǴΪأһ̤ȥˡ
ĽǣżæǱըȥɫһƬء
ݣ
Ϣ֮Ľҡŷǿ֣ڸϵ˺սȴֻʮӰԵõǰƽš
ǰɫĮһ㣬ǰһƬ֮ɫڣ˫֮ǰնһƬʲôûƵġ
ʲô󷨽磬߸ߴĽǰֹǵųϹҲֻӲӬ㣬һ˦֣¡¡һƬǰһȫΪ˷顣
ͥŲǰȴ־ͣͺһ㣬ǰһУͨͨ顣
ǵǰ棬Ϊۿ·Ʋɵ
ǵһθߴߣǹµƣȴ˭״صƿ߰㣬˳߲˿ɳң
Щ֣Ҳø׳ƣû⡣
⣬ݵһ֣ܽơ
ʮС˳һֻèͷϽǹ˳֮ɫȴʲôҲ
ҲʲôΪǰĵ·Ѿɨƽÿһһֻ鶼ˡ


1058 һ
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̲סɬ˿ĭĽҺ˻࿴˿ͷϵ亹ðø㷵صλֻʮˣʮˣܴľѡôоݴѹһҪԸǧ˰
һܽ𣬲൱ڳǧôȻôϹ˼ѾˣǾ㲻ҲӲͷƤˣ
ͷϵ亹ŷ˸ɫŬŬϰɣ죬׿˵Ȱѷ콣Ҫ˵
ϰϰɣȥɣ
ǲһ飬ŷ޵ףһҧ򲻰ܽǳȥĽҼˣǹѵһ̤ţҲ˲ŷ콣ϣŷ֣ͬһ𣡡
˼ˣҲûʲô˵ģ׷׸ϡ
ˢˢˢ
ֻգʱ䣬ƿݸ߲ǿߣȻ˲ܽǵǰǵ·ϡ
Ҳһ̣ͣĲǰǿǰЩǿߵȴǼ벻м֮ɫЩ֮⡣
ƾЩ˾ڶ֣̫˰ɣ
ĽȻҲ֪ܽǿ󣬲ǡǵע򲻰ܽʱȴǸһݣһ˲ͳȥûˡ
ΪǷֵ֣ϣȻδ콣
ǰ϶û񽣣ƾѾ˿ɲǼ񽣣ΡΡЩסóǻˣ
϶겻ʵֳˣǸ޵׶Ǳѵûоͷ𣿡
ǲһĽҵ˱˴˶һۣȴҪ޳ĸоǰ˵ϼһʵ൱һսڿֵˣһݰݡʵȺսݰսϣһµ𣿰
һʱ䣬еĲ
ضǣܽȴһⰻȻڵúܣȻϷ뱱ô죬Ӧݻһ¹ڵģû취ϷǾγһҪϷȼգλһϲϷڸλ콣û˵ʱֵЩʱգڲôλְɣ
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ݸǿߣȴһɫأ˫ȭ΢΢߬亹ð
ܽ˿ˣ
΢΢Σ΢תתȴǹһݣЦݣ˭˲֪˭˲ҪݻڣڵԣеӭֻҪӸǱػ򿪽磬ӭϵĴݡֺαطҪҷ񽣣ǿţ͵أܽĴ»Щ۵㣬˳ЦɣǺǺǡ
Цһܽ۾һУЩŭ
꿴ʱ̤ǰһݺݵһ۵죬϶첻úýѵһ٣
˵ţȫ͵شţҪ֡ŷҲǸæǰ
ȴ˿Ϊ⣬ɵЦݾŽе꽣ɣǺǺǡһһᡣʮǰ͵ڣѵָܲܽ𣿵Ȼˣǹʸڷϣһ£Ϸ޻˵ǹϾǲܽ˵£˭Уܽģ͵
㡭һŭ굱Ҫ쭣ȴǱܽȻֹ꣬
ҧأݺݵһۣȴǲòһ˻ȥ
һ̣ٴο򲻰ܽ𣬹һ񣺡зʲô͸ʲôʲôͲʲôǺǺǡ
ʲô˼˵Ϸ͵ˣоâһ
һЦؿһۣѵѵʱ˿̣콣ڽУ
ڣߵ֮֮˵ˣûб֮ᶪ͸һ΢΢̧̧Į˫ܽ𲻽Цһ
ȻصͷҲϣǰػ񽣣ҲǻãֲñˡⶪͶֲһͬΪϰ֮ˣǽڶãķڷȴıƴ͵ã⡭ǺǺǣҲǣҲıϼ޻ҲԹ̫ϵȥȴЩӰ֪ˣΪڵķ콣У͸İˡܽţҲ˰ʵ͸൱ɣôᰵ
̲סһ𣬲ܽ˫һУɫؾ͸ࡣ
˵Ϸǹ᲻񽣣ߺߡ
ЦЦܽĮϷÿԣǶڹﲻϷˣõŵ
ǰô˵ǾܾսǲԸ¶ˣúƽȴʵվʡ
ˣ
ݺݵػ˻֣Ļܽйâһʱһɫı䳤һһȴǷ콣ɡ
͵һ֣ܽʱͽ콣ȥŷۼֿ죬һУȻ㽫С
ڷ콣ǣʱġڽƣزˣϷ򼴱㻹񽣣Σһ¶ѣ˶ãϷʱǿɾû˵˰ɣ
˵ԴһϲɫǵȻ˹Ȼ˿䣬ݵһ˰ǺǺǡ
һЦָæһתͷ˵׿ļǹã϶Լ̵ķ콣ֻˡ񽣣ԸܽԴϹ͸аˣ
˴˶һۣͷȻৣ񽣵ʱָ죬󣬽ɫâĴѽ佫ֱϾ졣
䣡
ʱ䣬ѵأƬԭ죬ֻգ۹һǱϼڱΣ࣬ȴĽеķ콣Ϲٷеĳ콣ŷеķ콣ǿǣֽ֮Уٲǲܽһֻˡ
龰üͷ΢壬ݺݵؿŶˣơ
Щ˸ոüƭڣʵд
ܽȴ˿Ϊ⣬̧׿˿ȥڽɽգһЦðһǷҲܽ죬ܹһʹ֮
䣬ʱһ˦䣬һӣһɫըĳĳУֱָ졣

رһ㣬׸ӿĹǰǰڽɽȫֱ޾û·צĶ񻢣˲ǰ롣ǽסâûֵܵһ̣ں¡¡һ£ȫ˺ѿ
ƬգٴαΪããһƬ׺
ĽҡϹٷۺŷˣһ۵һѪֹסϹٷۣʵͲǽ֮壬ɫɷףȻˡ
ҲһȻؿǴЦݵĲܽ´󾪡һ֮âֱѹ⣬֮£Ψܽ
Ϲǿ̫̬ˡ


1059 ؾ
ףȷǴ˵еĺǺ𣿡
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ǱôҪȥĶѰأ
ãĴϣһһСӰಷɹת˲ţȴ׿ȸɡܲͣţһ޼ʣȸв¶ã֮ɫ
оâһ׿ǰţأһ룬ɡֱϿǧ׶ͱɽʱʱڴ½ʱʱ֣ûй̶֪ʥ֮Ͽ룬ǧ׶棬ô캣֮أɽˡ֮Ľ磬Ȼʥĥ涨̫ڣҲⱱɽ֪֮ڱǱ֮ϸϸ֪Ӧÿҵ
΢΢˵Դȸһ߷ţһܲ쿴ţ׿Ҳǳľϸϸıϣ֪Ǹڡ
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ȻڴʱһըȴǵʱԶ˵ıңԶ֮
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ﲻǱأǸողŴĺҲ
졭ܽôͳˡüͷ΢΢һ£׿ɫسȻһ̤ʱԭ·ɷȥ
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ȥûаȫ뿪ҪǱסĻһâ׿ҧô£ǲòԲܽϹˣ
䣬׿һ̤ವһٴμӿٶȣ˲䲻Ӱ
ףȵң
ȸһҲǲһУĲǰȥǻɳףȴͻһɴ˸£һãܿ˿૵ô£ôͻȻô䰡
ѸٵĦһմЩӣȸһɵܲ쿴šǺƽȻ
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ЦŰ˰Դϵ˫βȸҲǸæһ̤ţѸ׷׿ȥӰȥˣϲӰ
ǣû뵽ǣ뿪һɲǣƽĺȴͻɵ֪ģĵֻգ۹򣬱Ƭֲָãã֮С
˿˿ϢҲػƬ˲ʱͽһߵĴ󺣣һı˪ԭгǧζ飬ʱȫܶˣӲӣһ㣬ǾӨı֮С
ֻСɽĹŨĻУֻһֻرһֻȴԵЩ
ǰʲôֿսô
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ϵƤɵһܽؿһۣȴʲôЦЦ㣬ʱЦῪЦ⣿ЩˣܸϷ𣿡
ܽ㲻ҪΣЩ֣ɲǾŽ빥֮£һ㵱Ĵͷ﷭
ɫһŭĽҵʱһٳֱֱָҲ߿ɢԼǿƣݺѹȥ
ǲܽԴˣȴɲΪ⣬ֻظ˸Լ콣УһۣĳСֻ֮ͣ͡óϷʶһ°ɣʲôҾŽߺߣϷﲻС֮°ˣǾȻϷ򣿺ǺǺǡЦ
λǵĿ걾ڳûˣǺûᣬһϣȫԼ˷ڱϾа׼ȷץס㣬æҪҪǲ鷳ˣ
˴˶һۣͷȻһ˱׷óԼĿҾѧ˵ͷ쵱£
콣󺣣
ৣ
ڵջһȦĽֳֽɫ棬Ű쵱ͷһأɫ滯ΪȵĽУЯսѵ֮ƣ͵ȥ֮ռ䶼յŤ˵ɫѷ졣
콣񷣡
ݣ
ţϹٷҲһȣһѳ콣ֱֱȥɫĽâǷţţգۼƲɵ
콣պ
ͬʱŷҲֳ񽣣һ裬ȴǲôǿƣ룬Ϊ麮ʱ㾪κ˰ߣ˲ͽȫ¶ƶֺ
ʱ䣬Ÿеľѧ似ܽʱ֮š


1060 ѹ

񽣣ԵĽʹȻˣҪϱˣǽʵҲѹ֮ƣϧϹȴǴδܹĲܽ𣬹֮Ȼ
ȴ˫ʱ֣һһµӿغݺ򲻰ܽײȥ
ݵλͱѩϣԼĽݼҵļؽʱ˿̣Ҳ֡
ɲǼ䣬׹ػĩսٰ㣬ǵصӿһԶǲܵ߷ȥ
ź¡¡һѾ֮£ضڲϲ·ҪȫƵġ
Ҫֳ֪ģĽ񽣳ֽ⣬Ǹ˫ؽߣһͨң˵൱ھŽҲһ㲻Ϊ
һսһͨһҲضҪ롣
ǣǾ£֮ʱһ쳹صʱըգӿ͵ϯķƬս̳˲ͱһɶ
Ǹոտը֮ܽǸߴͦɽ콣ڵϣȴݣһһëûҡһ˫Ȼǻ˿˿Ļȡ
̲ͫסһڳ˲ʱһŵôܣһȻ˲һ֣
ǰϹҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
Ƥֹסݺݳ˳飬쿴һУҲһֹסز񽣼ǿֵ빥ȻԺһë˵ĻҪɱأǼݰսܹһ𣿡
²㷣첻ת׿ˣнãʵȻѾԤ̫࣬Ǽ½ǿ֣޷ƥеĴڡ
ҲǺȻһ㣬һأĳ˹ȵףģ
ҲһʼܽΪУǸĴϹȻղ޵֮ˡ

һ죬ڳסǣֻ˻
Ӳһ˽ӲԴתͷȥȴܽɢɫâ񽣣Ȼḧ֮£뿪˵棬ʼˣ
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һʱ䣬ͷһͷٲĺˮ¡
ǻаĻȣܽоâһ̧һ˸ߵɫаЦոǳˣ۲ϷʧУʵǱô͸ϷˡϷԴʱҲ˳µعϷˣ˭κη飿
ԣһݣغһ֮ɫ
ৣ
û˵κһ֣Ҳûʲô似ʽֻзŵâеĳǰһ˦ͨͨһʹ˻ӳ
ȻͨǴӰʹȴȻȻشһɼΪֲѹ·Ҫһ㡣
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䣬Ƿ콣һȴǵʱɢɫĺ⣬ر㽫棬һ㣬˵İȫ
ߺߣ콣
һĻȴǲмһЦƲƲ콣쳹أϧŷ칦ԵסϷȻµ콣ɣ
䣡
һ㣬һը죬ǵı֣˿ûеֿ֮ģһѵص֮£˲飬ɢޡŷҲǲɵ۵һ³һѪȻ㱻ݺɳȥ
ĽҺϹٷ۶һæϧŷûʲô˫ѵǿ׽âҲǿѪĭ类߷ɵ㣬ݺݷ˳ȥ
һ޷һ֮ˣ͸ûа취ˡ
ӿĽâ֮ſ񱩵¡¡㽫ȫɽǿĽ֮Уһ£ֱֱɵ޾ߡ֮أһƬ촷۷裬档ڵȻգ֮䣬ȫʧޡ
Щݸ֣һҽаûҲһ˲֮䣬ȫʧɵǧ֮⣬޾ķ֮Уɫ԰ף֪
ܽһ֮ɲ˹

һĺ紵Ĺ̳ܽųûб߼ʵĵؽ磬ܿһȴǳ³һ̧Ųڶˣֻüͷȴ΢΢š
֪ˣͲЩСȫǲɢˣϷһͰЩȫˣҪ񽣣ԼԳߣѾ
飡
һ̤ţܽʱ߿գһƬһ·Ѱȥ
һ棬ܷɢ彣λӣͻȻǿµ춯һ
̫Ӱﾰһİɸߵ̳˿ظεЦЦھڣ¡һ֮£ЩҲ͸ȫ군ˡֵǣǱߵսѾˣлɱһˣȥڰСͷûȥһ
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һȣӽǻһּ̫ӿȥ
龰ལҲǸæ٣ͷֻаüͷһ壬һԵİ׵״磬ֱȥˣǡ
ҵ˵
оâһ׶ҪǱںҵСӾûˣ
һͷᶨ¼٣ವһڵηȥ
ͬʱߵʧȥǵĳһ·񱼣ʱ󿴿ԶǾ춯ص龰ͷͷ󺹡
治֪׿㣬ѻ졣˵ﲻȫǴ뿪ȻôͲȫˡܽ𶼴ˣٲߣûϵ׿оͲˣ
ʦ֣жԶĶԽԽˣˮһ·ųǣźɱһ󽹼
˿ħҪɱǺڳϹģӦˡܱסˣʵӦû̫̬ǲܽ彣ǣ
ȻˣԶô󶯾оضˣܽ϶ｻսأʱǰȫģİɣ
˰֣˿ģңңǰЦһӾ͵ϾͰȫˣǺǺǡ
ԣ˲࿴˿΢΢ͷϽ¶ȻϲɫȴǸˡʱ˿̣Ҫ
Ȼʱһȴ𣺡վסҪȥ
Ӳһͣ˲ɵʱͣ´󾪡
ôԷô׷ˣɱԶôᡭңȻ֪ʦ֣Ƕɱ
Ҳǲһ㶣ɵվɶͷԡ
Էô֪أ㶨ɱֻһӣֲʲôҪǾɱǱӣҲŲϺŰ
ݣǰ滹һ׿Ҷۣɱ˳Ҳɱͷϰ
ôԷ֪أ
һʱ䣬ǵʱس֮Уþûز


1061 ǿ
ݣ
һƿ죬һӰʱߣͳɤǼȥﰡ
Ǿ·ҲӲԴתȥ֧֧ǵ˵Ŀʱȴǲɷ۶һ̾ŷ࣬ô㰡ˣǻΪݵ׷أ
ݺݵضǣŷ಻ŭݵˣǲ֧ԮǱݵڵͷ­Ѫ֮ʡǵãȻܣߺߣԭ˶޵󱲰
˭˵ˣ
ԴһָָһԵĳǵǷݴԪ˧ǻݵġ˵ԲܽļҲûð
ؿǣֿ˿Ǵ͵Ŀ⣬ŷ΢΢ͷȻԼİŮ͵ȫط⡣ҪߵĻǰǴȥɡֻܸܲңλݴԪ˧׿׿ںδ
ݴԪ˧Ȼˣͳȫְ
ƨͳȫ֣ȥҹˣûӰˣߣһмƲƲ죬ŷһգСӾ̰֪ܽɱˣ˵ԼˡҺѩһֱëҲһ
һ㶣˻࿴˿֣ɣ賿ʱǻأôڻûأ
ҲԼͨأʼ磬ŷһĵݵһӵ簡˰治Ҷأ
Ҹ㣬ϴɲˣ˵һ䣬㣡
٣ʵţ㻹Ҫ˵˵ˣݵһӵûˣ㲻˾λôʲôģ
ҶҪõĶһõӮӮ䡣ǵһ˭ãǵڶҲϡĨڵСֶεõһֱСоŷӽԣⱱݵһţˮҲٰɣ
٣ʲô˼Ҳõġ
ŷҶ˴˿˳۵çײһȻ㻥ץ죬˼ˣæȰܡ
һٮٮߣֻҪ֣ЩȰöǣ
ǺһУ˵ңд֮ơ
ৣ
ʱһٻӰ֣ȴĽѩ龳ɵʱסˣһɻǸʲôüëڧ
ѩã
Ů֣ŷʱ֣¸Ů²ӡ󣬸æ͵ѩãҪңǸˣ㶯֣̫³
Ƥ̲סһ飬Ľѩη۶һƲ졣
⹫Ӹı֪ʲôˣƽʱҲ絹һѺ֣Ҫûиֵסĺõ类˴ˡ
Ҳȥֱǣ׿أ֪֪
˴˶һۣʼ磬Ī
ͽؼʱͲӰˣݺҧҧĽѩüͷ壬֮ɫ
ŷˣѩãǾǸ̰֮ͽڿɱˡ˲翿ҾͲţûǻסˣƽʱҲ˵ôСӾһӻˮ˸ãʡĺ˱ˣٺٺ١
ԣҶһŭҪǰ磬ȴǱһס¡
˵Ҳԣ͸ϴݺ̻һԼ鷳ƨˣñʰ̯ӡüͷţĽѩ˼Ҳ΢΢ͷҲãҾͲţûϹͣƾĺ²ܽǣߣ
ĽݹδЩ̫˰ɡֵ˼˼һ֮У
ȻĻո£һЦȴǵʱһ಼̣ƿ죬ʮƷǰӡӡӰȻǰ
ΪһˣĶţò㣬ȴ޵أǷаĻȣеľâһ㣬ֱ͸ڳ
ֹסһ̴һķһʹ
֣
أڳ˶һݣɫ£޸ոյ̬֮һḡŷ࣬ʱ˿̣Ҳɵ˵˫Ľѩʵѩãʶʲôˣ
һһ֣ǵ۹̫ӣﾰ죡
Ƥ΢΢һ£Ľѩеɫɬ˵һһˣλӣֲ
һǰﾰ첻ΪȻʧЦһλǸ淺񣬸߸ߵԴЦ
˵ɫǸӳأ˫ȭ΢΢߬ôҪͷϾҪӳ죬ʱǿأ
ЩУƽЦŭγɽȻ෴̬ȵǣŷ࣬Ȼ¶˷ܵĹâ˫ȭҲǰǰɽץţز
һݵһ
·˷ܼŷнȵĹâ
ȫûвĽѩֻǰעǰﾰϣĳڣ̫ӵ£벻һǾ
ݵһ
Ȼδ䣬һ죬ŷ͵һ̤ŲȻﾰ˶ȥﻹϵ˻ֻҪ㣬Ӿ˳ݵһˣ
ŷ࣬Ҫ㲻֡
ѩãúÿŰɣһ֤㶩ʸ񣡡
Ľѩһȫû뵽ô嶯ϴŷôԸǰȻȫκȰ˵îһ˲۽˰ﾰǰźâһǽָݺǰȥ
콣Ѫ
ӿһﾰȴ˿Ϊ⣬һֱŵȻЦݣһλǱݵһŷĹӰɣȻȮӣŷǰ洫ˡϧܵõ洫Ĳֹһ㡭Գ֣

һľ޴طǿҵľһɢܣֱλӵ졣
ǰﾰȴվһһ㡣
̲ͫסһŷ಻ɴһȻǸոʹĽָȴ˶ͬһɫâĽָ˳ǽָȥ֮ˣȴ̫Ӱﾰߵһλӡ
ݵһδ֣ߵһˣȻܽȫһе£ôܣ
²ŷֱġ
Ǻܿ죬ֻĽѩǰ˵ĻǰʮĻӣÿһ˶ʶݵһӵʵ
⣬ģ
Ƥݺݶ˶ŷҧأʡ
ĽѩҲһüͷǿ壬ҵ£һݵˣ
һǿҲ֮ˣֻǲ֪׿ϣûʤˡ
ʱ˿̣ȴءŷʵǶ֪޷Ƶðﾰ֣ô˭ܡ
ৣ
ȻʱһӰŽɫ棬ݺﾰԴȥ


1062 

һ˻ŵɫȼգѸ͵ױȵƣݺѹ˰ﾰšδǹܽճһȣȻķ˿΢΢Ť
üͷɵᶶ˶ǰƵ̫ӵ£ʱ˿ȴɫһ࣬бۿǽϮ֮
ôȺ֮оȻиִ
Ȼ¾죬Ҳţôվţ˿

һľըѶϣǽɫӰھﾰ컹֮ʣأȻһǿı۰ݺ񱩵Ľ׵ʱһ֮±͵ɢȥ¶ӰȴҶɡ
ǰһ׳ĺӣȻһ۵סһߣɫͬأܡϾ۵˭ܱȵϰ֮ҶۣѪ֮סһߣȻ漣ˡ
ôܣ廹Сʦܿ⣿̲ͫסһˣɴһ
ݵӣҶ֪֪ףҲǾ󺺵ǿ
ֻĽѩüͷᶶһص˰ĶӣﾰգС׶壬ǿʵֻڰﾰ֮¡˵һУ۵ǿȣܳң
ӲɺݺһԣһĲʱ˳Ҷ۵ķ֮ɫ
ҶһǿΪһ£ˡ
ǲ֪ǣǾڰﾰյǿ󣬿λӣֺγӾҶ۵ı̬أ
׶ĺ壬ⲫǸողһӴҶһǷߣȻǿˣǽɫȺǰ֮ȣȴ͵һһ㣬ֱֱĹ֮С
ۣʹ׶İʹûиܹľʹʱĵȻҧţ¸ոһ£۰򼴱㲻ϣҲҪ۳ˡ
ô뵽֮ڣ˵Ҫ̬öأ
һʱ䣬ﾰ鸴ӣͷҶ˫ǽ֮ɫ˸Բϣǿˡ
ţ׼£ϴֽɡʱģĽѩּΪƳڳ˿һĺ
һ£鷳ˣô£̫ûˣ
Ŷǿһ񣬰ﾰղ°̾һףԿɬıƣԼᶼҪװȥˣȻ̫˶ԼǽƳˡ
ǺǿҶǿµһ˦β߼ϳԼǿȸоﾰһֱҧǰţһˣڻҶ۵ڲš
龰˲ɸӴ󾪣ҲԽĽѩոյ鱨ˣﾰչȻǿȻͰСʦܲˣ
ǿãǿⲻ֪Ĺɣôӵֱ۶챻ˡ
Ƥݺݳ鶯ţﾰ޾ˮֻҧżֵڡڼֲסʱŹעһŭһһʱҶ۸˳ȥ
ͬʱŷֵཻĻӣҲһУһ˦βߣʱŷҲ˻ȥ
죬ŷҶȻ˻ԭأһ֣صؿʮˡǰﾰնˣҲǷ׷һ˲һĮݺݶӻȥ˫ֺ󱳣治м֮ɫ
ǣҶ۵˿ǣڶǱ˫֣ﾰյֱһֱڲϲţһ˵˫ָҲ΢΢˪Ȼָͷ涳ᡣ
Ȼոһ֣Ҷ˱ƺʤһʵȴǳ˰ֻΪ˱ݶǿװһνӡ
˿ǵľ̬İﾰ죬ȴһĿȻƤҲ΢΢˲°̾
û뵽֮УҲ˳֮֮еһȫҷϰ
϶Ǹ£ҵģ˭Գ֣Ϊ˹ȫֵܵ棬ﾰƳһۣ߳ȡ
ᣬһ˵󣬲Ҷ۶˶ӣ
˸˲ͬţ̫⣬ǿµ
ɨڳһۣﾰ̤ŲǰʧЦŷĹӣ֪ģ֪һλǡ
ݵһӣҶۣҶδشŷһԴ
ؿһۣﾰȻصͷԭˣ˵λô˵ãԭһĵһ˰
ʹˣֻǵڶһϴ󣡡ƳһۣҶ˿ԸⱾԼͷΣĮ
һﾰ²һݣʲôʱ˲űˣڶȻ֣ǵһҪ𣿡
ˣʹˣǵһǸСˣֱӾˣ
˵ϴӢ˵ãôܣٸҸ˵һԣ
Ҿ˵׿ǸСβܵĵС
ŷ಻мƲƲ죬㲻мһ˵ЦҶһŭ˵ָһץ˺ĳ졣ŷҲãĲӲš
һʱ䣬ٴŤһ
龰Ľѩ˲ͷϵһߣһеǰȻִˡ
ֻаﾰǵĻȴüͷһһĪľ⣬Ц׿Ǹո˵׿ǷǸǮ̶ӵǮǮ£
ûǰǻ쵽ǺڵģһŤŷ໹شﾰ⡣
һ֣ﾰʱ¶һаЦݣôʸλλ׿׿ھʲôطأ
Ķ֪ǣ
ȻһĶ֣һĶѡŷҶŤһȻͿˣֲѡ⣬һŬ죬ָǷ򣬻ضڻ׿Żȥžۣ϶֪
Ŷ׿š
ǰһﾰ¶˹֮ɫ̧ˡ
һʱһݣ뵲ڳǵǰǲôãôһﾰ͸ȷԼĿˡ
Ȼصͷﾰ첻Цһоâһаȳܺãץˣźܿҵ˵ˣǺǺǡ
䣬ﾰһ֣ʮӱವһǳȥ
̲ͫסһ˲ɴ󾪣ҶۣǴʧɫ˲ٸŷŤ򣬵ʱ
ŷ࿴Է֣ҲǷӦ˵ѽޣҶһǰ
Ƕ˽Ųն৵һ£һӰȻǵǰȴǰﾰɡ
¶ŹЦݣﾰǶ΢΢˹ָλողҪҹ¶ڹ¾ͳȫǣһϰɣ
Ҵɩ
һŭҶ۵˫붯ɫ滯ƬƬۣ籩ﾰȥ
ûҪ׿ȥˣŮˡƽϵģǣĻ쵰
ŷҲһŭȣȫƴţ˫ָɽǰһ˦ĺ㶸ﾰȥ콣ǧ⣡


1063 
ಣ
ɭĽâһǣգۼ֮ǿռ𶯣ؽһ·ʱֹһ㡣
ˢˢˢ
һɫۼ棬ͬ꽵٣ǵǽﾰȫΧУҲ㲻ˡ
ҶۺŷԩңһֶԵУҲã޼䡣
ֵΧﾰȴɲΪ⣬ԶǵȻЦݣĳ֪ƽڶԹµҪΪϸÿζս޷ӦԹֵͬĺΧǲصġЩϰս˵λֱֳС׼ףͬëëˣǺǺǡ
һЦﾰؾһӿȵǿϮֻһ֡
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ըѣ߱Ƽ䡣׹⻯Ľñֱ֮ǹɿֲѹĩհ㣬ϯŴء
ҶۺŷųоδﾰǰȻ˲˺˷顣ǿĳɢ˵ʱһǿɳȥͷһѪ
أ΢΢׵ɫǰȥʱ֮У֮¶ǰﾰǵȻЦݣһɲİȻ̬Ծɾվһ
ոն˵ǶûκӰ죬ǶȴǱ˼һˣ޷֮
⣬ֲ̫ˣ
ǶǸһͷô׾һͬܣ⡭һݵһ˵ʵ
һʱ䣬˱˴˶һۣ´󺧡Ҷۣţʥ޴ˣ׿ͬҲˣȻһͬˣôףⲻһ󱯰ôҲܲˡ
ҲӦ֪洫ˣͬǽ۴ˣʵֻʦţڸˡ
Ͼʥޣ༼иҲ⣬ʥˣŷͰﾰȻǴʥýУȴഫУͬͬҲˡ
˵ʱҶװܸﾰ죬˵;ǽ۶֣ʦСֻ˵бʥ൱ͽܣЩʥ޾洫ȥˡ
ο֮Ϊ࣬ҲǺ蹵֮
ݺĨһǵ죬ŷһؽǰˣ׿ҶһۣҧҶ֣ˣСǹԪȻҲţվڻ꾳̫Կˡ֮ϣǾͱȲ
˵ĵܱܲôҪԿԼ˵žˣԼϣбƳƳҶʮ֣ص
η۶ŷ಻ʧЦúúã˵ôôɣ֮һ⣬ҪҶϣ
ʲô˵
ǵǴǽ֣֮һΣҶ۴Ӧôʹ࣬ŷ൱ɫһ࣬Ҵ֮ͨӡϣһҪס㷢ҲҪֻҪס˭ǵ˾Уҧ
η۶ҶۺݺݵһۣѾǹʲôҧ⵹ԣһᾡסȫͷȥ
ãôˣ
һȣŷˢˢˢʼӡ

ӿ֮ϣȻ˴Ľ汼
üͷһﾰؿһ񷣬ЦǺǺǡȻʼˣվԼġ൱˶УҪĹԪֱ֮ȴǻأ
һ֪ˣһŷමȻҶۣҶ֣
֪ˣΣ
ݺһͷҶ۵ʱһһ¡죬ǿĽɫ͵ϱػһ쳤ںХа֮ߡ
ţŷһָҶ۵ͨ
ˢˢˢ
֮ϵϵ·裬ҶڡһΣûнͬϽͰ㣬Щ֮һڣϵĽױȼȵĽâ·Ҫʣհ˷һ㡣
ǾɫҲһԵЩʹ࣬ҧ֣ϵҲǲ
һΣŷ಻ҪӡҶǽ֮ڼͣʵʶûбסǿԴԴϽڣпٴαʶôҲðźܴΣյĳԡ
Ҷ֣ôܶס𣿡
û⣡ݺҧҧжִ֮ɫ
ãǾͳȴϰɣݺһָﾰŷȳ
һŭҶ۵ɽͻ㣬Ȼﾰȥצƺһ¾Ҫ˺һ
龰ҶǲһƣŷһΪλֽкããҶ֣ϰﾰ죬군ˣҶҵķ㲻ܳʲôκᱻӡڣǿԪ֮һ޵еģ͸ҵɣ

ҶŷźҲǲһϵܱȼࡣ
Ŷ
ǣﾰȴɲΪ⣬¶һЦȣ˫ָ£ǿĽָɢ
ŷ࣬ǳﾰ죬𣿱ӸողѾˣκ
䣡
ȻĻδ䣬ﾰȻһ˦֣һɫâĽݵһֱֱ
һ̣ź¡һ죬ǾȻըҶ۵һٴ³һѪӵŴǾеڵأɫɷȥѪֹסţؿǱһᴩ
ոǲ֮ͨȻҲķ飬ȫϿˡ
ﾰ쳣ƽվʼչĪЦݡ
ŷˣȴȻȫˣ
⡭ⲻܣ
ŵҡԴŷнɻ󣺡ҵ˵ֻ֮÷콣ܷӡôᡭ
ǻһ˿аЦﾰĳ˵Ӧ񽣣Կ˰ɡûи߹㣬콣Ƿӡ֮콣ǻֽ֮˵ģֻʹ֮˵Ĺζʤˡɷ콣ضңû֮κʰΨ콣Խַӡȫ÷Ըµ콣ǹʵǺǺǡ
ǲһŷɵ㶵վȫˡ
콣Ȼ콣ƣôܣ
ݣ
ͻȻɵ֮ʣһâ˲䴩͸š
ۣ
̲סͬ³һѪŷӺݺȻ̱ص˵ϣŨŨĲ֮ɫ
ñݵһӣȻһоͱܡ
ﾰ쵱桭̫ˡһеģܽ


1064 ʱϵ
Ӱצ
һ棬ħȫƴţһӽ֣һһֹĻ棬ʱعצԷݺץȥ
ǶԷȴֻһ䣬ָǰһһ㶸һ㽫йצȫ顣
ţǽһǰ۵һ㽫ħǰ䴩ħʱ³һѪǵŵȥɫ˲ɷ
ħ
̲ͫסһнսﲻɴһʱǰﾰȴ˲ǰըһȭݺ̫ȥڸӽ֣㻹Ĺ˰Σ𣿡

۸ֱҶ⣬ǿݺײ˸յ̫֮ϣȴǵʱͽ˲ҵϡá
޿ƥеһȭʱؿϣǼ죬عȫѡ߷ݰ㣬ɳȥѪֹס磬ɫҲزҰ
ֻǣʱ˿̣Ⱥǰľλӣֻ֮䣬ͽЩݵٮٮǣȫܣеĸǳѣϾȫɱˡ
еˣգۼҰܣ̱ϣս֮
ǰʮλĻӣʵ֮ǿݣƥУ
ͨ
ɵùڵأĽѩǺѪ˿üͷ壬ܣȴѪһƬе˶Ȼʮλӵǿ֮¡֮ǿҶۺŷ࣬ʱҲϢ٣һؿǰǸӰвʣȴ޿κΡ
ˣ
ƤһĽѩ°ˣεҡҡͷףʮλӵǿԵ˵ġ׿ǿﾰ죬ֱǵڶ̸ܽλӣҲ
ЩȣֱǷӣûпɱԣ
ڱŰ½ʱ̣Ȼ·
һˣĽѩɳ̾һεر۾βǶǰõļƻٸǰһѣȻȻԼЩȻˡҲѰˣ޻ܣ
̾Ҫܿˡ
磬Щûʲô˵ģѾȫƽˣֻŮˣҪôãɨɨڳЩܾ֮ǣﾰŶ߶£µĳﾰǰ
΢΢һЦﾰؿ˳һۣĵ㲻غ£ǲ˺ģֻɷ׿׿̸̸֪ںδ
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һ㶣ﾰת׿ֵһۣɻ֮ɫ
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ֻǰЩ˶ѣûɱأôų⸱ԣ
磬ģ
ƺ˰ﾰеɻ󣬰ﾰոæոǶ֣Ů˾һֱԱ߶£ʲôҲûɣץҲûɵһҾˣ׿СǶŰ裬թˣƣڶƭˣôȢһɵǵأ
üͷһﾰҲһɻ󡭡ɵӣ
ȿȿȡ
̲סԼ³һѪĭҶǿָųҧҴɩʧǣʲô֪ҪץץҺˣ
ץƨã˭֪׿ʲôϵܲ
мƲƲ죬ﾰת˲ΡΡĳһۣ˼ͷ˵Ǹɵӣ׿Ȼ˻뿪һǸնֵǣȥ
ǣ
һͷӦǣȻﾰձץųǵı۰ҪѺ뿪ǻû߼ֻ׿˵磬أ
˵Щ΢ϣ˭֪ԺأˣгΪǿߵʣ̫鷳ˣһȽϺã
ƳһۣҶۺŷ϶࿴˼ۣﾰɫĮ΢̤ա˫ָ£һָź¡¡֮£ֲϢָⲿλɢ
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벻Щݵ֮ӣȫط硣ŷǺݺҧҲʰһûѩöףûݵһˣôˣʰ
ߣƾҲΪݵһˣ
мƲƲ죬ڿеİﾰ첻һЦ㶥̳ϵŷλӣΪݵһ˰ˡݵһˣǰͱˡŶǸܿζˣ²ûУ⼸֮ڣúһΰɣǺǺǡ
촽΢΢ŷ಻ʵҧ
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ȻĻδ䣬һը죬ǶʮǱǵصâ˲顣һҽжûУȻΪѪɢھ֮ˡ
ﾰᴵ˴˫ָмƲƲŷӸղǲû˵ʲôƽϰսһа١ʮԪ϶ӳ죬ǲ̫˵㣿
̲סһŷ޳ˣ󺰴ֵ֪֪ʲôоϰ˵ͰһͰ׵˼ɱˣкôôûǰһôǵİ
ڳԣˣȰͷˣһͷ£ﾰصһۣɱһš
һŷæһͣΡΡˡĽѩˣȴҡҡԴЦһӸ磬ͷҪˣǷˡ
ٴξǽָ޾Ľﾰؿˣǻа컡ȣٳˣڹѾûжսˣҲûˣǻǹԹԸ̫µȥɣǺǺǡ
һЦﾰʱһ˦֣һɻصĽأȻȥδǹɿֲǽļʯѹ˷飬Щ˵ǸֹסϢһͣҪˣ´󺧡
һ£ǽɱȫʬɡ
Ҳ֪һ˿ɵվҪɥڴˡ
ϴˡԲûܱסɩҶۻ˫Ŀа̾
׿ֵ㣡ħ࿴һۣҲεԴ
ϱ̬̫࣬ݵһҵˡŷ죬ίʡ
赲ˣԹ࡭Ľѩҡͷ̾
Ǻһ̣֮ʣ˶¶ˡڴʱһϤȴǵʱǶϣͫأױϣ


1065 ˭
ϴ󣡡
͵˫Ҷ۲ɾгˣȺҲǲɵͻȻһ˫г׿
ˡ
һռ䲨𣬾ǿ͵һҪǰһȼźɫ׵ϣȴأȻǰˢˢˢ֮ࡣ
ﾰ˹Ķ֣Ҳǲɲһһɻ
ʱ˿̣ǵױȵ콣ǺݺײǺɫױϡ
ۣ
ûôҵ춯·ײ޻һ㣬ǹɽ嵽ϣϾҵȼ˲ͽ˴롣
龰ﾰ첻һ²Ī
ô£콣ôȻôࣿ
ǻӦǵһľһѣǵ޷˵ٴγ嵽ڶϡ
ǰһҲֻһѣûоҵĳײ˸հ㣬ǽ嵽ϣȴôҲ岻ȥڱͣĥš
ڶ飬ǽȻʧ롣ݺݳ嵽һϣȻһһըɢޡ
ǿɢɽ֮ڵ㷢ϸȥȴ׿ɡ
ͫһʮλӼ׿Ҳǲɵһɢ˷֮ɫ
Ҫõ׼ֻҪժԴͷˡ
һʱ䣬ʮλӵǿе̫ӵ°ﾰ죬Ҳȫף
ϴ󣡡
зż֮ɫҶ۲ɾгǺܿɫһ̾Ǹҹ˴Уûչ˺ôɩ
Ƥһ׿ƳһۣԶԶǰﾰеĳǣȻȴû˵Ĭ
ֻȴǱñ࣬˿˿ɱ֣Ų̤Щ˻ȥ֮ȫǷƵġ
Ľѩɴ󾪣еˣʲôֻǶһʬѣ㲻Ƕ֡Ҫ֪ͷˣһǿߣﾰ찡δĵڶܽ𣡡
ûлף׿ֻһƬĮŽŲǰţбһƬ
ˣȻȥɣֶͽҲãȰĽѩһȥ
ŷȴһؿѩãȻǰﾰܽһǿĲˣ׿ҲߵҶݵһӣҲеʤأ
϶ûУ
ʮֶȻҡҡԴĽѩһϴֹ֮ߣŷǰѾ˵ĺҲÿƷ֮ѡǰֲ֣١ʵǿܿ콣ﾰĸ֣Ǿֻѣ
ʲôİ
һŷոϣֽȥüһΪһ֣òһˣȻֻװѣҵôô࣬ûһбµǰ
ŷһ̾ɧһΪȴǵʱЦǺǺǡŷӲҪżǲǰ㻹Ķȥ
һ㶣ŷת׿ȥȴħŬ֧ǰǱӰ⣬Ǽᶨ
ôǾܾǣѩøո˵ˡ
Ľݹ
ȫûŷɻֻת׿ĽѩЦ˵֣֪ȫƽʱɵȫԸ£
ȫ
üͷһ壬Ľѩϸϸ˼ҳȫˣѵΪȫԸƲȫ
ЦҡҡԴﲻÿɷ񣺡˫ԺʱħЩԣλ׿ֿһʱ䡣ûļܣɲôٻһ˵ɣĽݹ׿ֽʱ۾𣿡
۾

δ˵Ҷоڵض׿ıӰϴɡ߳ʵ˫۾ϡϴû㶯۾Ǿѡֻʹ˫۾Ҫˣϴ֣һʼϴ۾ûֹͣת˵ϴû۾㶯֣ʹɣһɹѣ㻹ȫûϴأ
һĽѩŵؿһֿۣ׿üͷš
۾۾ô𣿱ѵŵʵֻռȫʵɣôܣ
ŷҲæ׿Ǳ߿ȥҲһǿߣڲſʼҪء
̤գֺظ沽ƽ׿ﾰ첻һЦȻǮ׿ǺǺǡҸγƺأ
㣡
Ǿ׿ɣ
һЦﾰȻǵõһμ׿ʱ׿һɲĸо˼Ҷƭȥˣֶεƣûһܿ꽣ǲŵ֪ԭ಻ڻʵȴװøһ㣬⸱װǻƣı£ҵ尡
ֻƭȴƭˡڶԴ˿ǺģҪԴɡǾˣĻɷ׼أ
Ӳһͣ׿ͣ˽Ųȴ̧Ͽ˰ﾰһۣ૵˭Ҽ𣿡
Ȼݽǵ۹̫ӣﾰ죬һһ֮Եô˰ɣһЦﾰһɫؿ
˱۾ƺ˼ʲô׿˫ЦǸҶ·ûʲôӡ󣡡
ʲô˼ոѾͨɫһﾰ
ЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ񣺡ͨҾһҪס׿֮򽻵ģһ֮֮硣˵ϴǸŰģǺǺǡǸϴμ棬Ҳͼסڶѣ彣ҶüǣοСأΣҪǵҪʵ̫࣬һЩ޹ؽҪϢҿɲռҵԴ
ϢƤ̲סһ飬ﾰɫ׿δ̫Ŀ˰ɣ
˰֣׿Ƴһۣȴ¶һ˿Ļȣ׿һԼ׼κжΪ࣬ѣˡãһࣿ
ˣ
ҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ
òѰɣ׿ѡˣ
һ඼㣡
ʧЦһ׿һۣȴ¶ЦݣΪûҵйҸողѾ˵ˣһ·˶ѣ׿ѹȥǵġ˵˭
ۣ
ˣ׿ﾰ죬Ц
ﾰȴһݳ鴤һ£׿񣬸Էŭ񶾣ɱֹס¶
Сӡ


1066 һȭ
һֻװǻơŪС֮ͽʱ˿̰ϷˣҪʼʩװβ𣿺Ǻǡ׿Ȥúܰ
ض׿ţﾰеɱãȴһǣ¶һĻȣﾰһ֣ĵϧѾٺȥˣͷԹԸɡ϶ɵûˣ˰ɣ
͵һԴﾰղʱЦһȫը죬ǿһȭȻԴȥ
ǻа컡ȣͬʱﾰϵĽâҲɢΪֲƣƳȻֵİﾰһۺֿ׿мǰŪ鲻ǺԵۼҪ㰲ȫŮϾҪһȭ֮£ȴΪ㻹ܵô
ȻĻδ䣬׼׿ֵһδȴǵʱһͣͣӣ˼ؿ׿ԭ֮أʱ˿ȴǿտһƬһ
ˡأ
ৣ
ͬһʱ̣ﾰݣЯŷ֮ƣǿһȭȻ˳ǰ磬ȻƮİ׷Ҳ
ͻȻһռ䲨һâȴǺһʱڳǰ棬ǰﾰճײȥ
ʲô
ͫ΢΢һﾰղһһ˿ã֮ɫ
âէִ֣ʱ䣬Ҳâ̬Ҳûзϣɵϵʲôɡ
Ҳûйϵ׶ĺƷҲһȭ飬ڻ¡
Ǻٴδһﾰղ˷ȫâӿǻһȭҲϬࡣ

һȭݺײǰĺâıڷ֣Ǹʲôħһֻźȭͷ
龰ﾰղ´ЦȻ֪ȭͷôģ֮£ҸⲫˣҲûмˡոҶȻǸѾ˵أսѵﻹٳһ
𰸿϶ǲܵģ˶࣬ô죿
ЦҡҡͷﾰһмƲƲ죬ˣһּ˷ܴȵ飬ȻҸүүⲫƴȭʵүүҳ࣡
ҳģɣ
Ȼϧ䲻࣬ߵȫˡŻոºһɱɭ֮ȴǵʱ쳹Ķߡ
һﾰջûӦô£һһĹشĶС
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ʲôˡʲôˣһȭ֮ǿز⡭Ѫ֮ȭ
˫ͫɵúݺݲţﾰһؿǰǳȭâ֮ģӰҲȴ׿Įעһһ㣺Զ㣡

ȭͷ΢΢һһǿ𶯲৵һȻ˳ȥﾰȫâǵֱۣҲһɲǼ䣬ʱըѿͷѪѷɽɢһա
ȫɵˣԼԭǿֱ۵ĵطʱǿյĸоﾰĺӣסˡ
׿ȫ𾪺Ϳ־֮ɫô뵽Ͼܽ˿ֲĵز׻Ʒǿǣɵѿ
ˡ
һʱ䣬ﾰ²ҪȾܡϧո̫̫ͣԸȫû֮ơҪͣ£ȫˡ
ǺɢŨŨĺ⣬һ۵İﾰƾԼӣŹԣǿµĺâȥȴΪ
䣡
ڣﾰյ׿ȭͷһ𣬵һ쳹صľ췢ﾰһҺ£ʱΪһѪĭȫ֮ˡһȭȭӣأһ㣬Ŷʱ㽫֮һͨͨ˷顣
̳ɳʯֱ
̲סһŷӦȥȴֻŰ֮£Ǻ׿Ӱվѡ
ǰѺǵİﾰգѲӰֻһѪڿƮɢȻ˼䣬ȾһƬء
ոն˽Ȼ۷𣬵ȴ׾Թ϶һɲǶѡֻת˲֮䣬ﾰȻ촦
ڵ˶ӦʱߵսȻǶ֪ﾰող̵ģ
磡
̲סһҵλӣת׿ƬҾȴǸºȻأر¶֮ɫ׿Ŀ⣬ҲЩɵԻ
ˡô֪ص϶Ǹطȥأҡʵֻ̫֮µ϶Ȼ˲ɱˣ
αɱûüǴ˵ʵ񲻡
Ȼ䣬л뿴е̫Ҫأжء̫ӰﾰҲ̲סƤֱɫСӲȫưֻǡôƹλʵܣܵȥأѵٶȻ쵽¶סĳ̶𣿡
۾΢΢һУﾰ첻ɽ߬ȭͷ¸ӽ
˵ĽѩˣһУҲȫˡĽѩţ˫ͫݺţɫһƬ졣
ѵҶ˵ǶʹȫʱӣȻʱҽȫͬ׼˲ɱǶӣ
ʱ·˵׿ڷ˪ϸһĻ׿һУȫΪ˻顣
һˣĽѩݺҧҧ֮ɫ
ֳ񣬾ȻҪöãʵڡд
ιιιҶ֣Ҫ˰
ͬһ𾪵ؿһУŷæҶ۵ı۰ӶɳˣݵһӣôģôǿҪ֪ǰﾰտǲŸ㽻֣·Ȼô׾ͱһˣιιι˵˵ǰǲǴţǸݵһʱֻһаܵ𣿡
Ƥ̲סݺݳ˳飬Ա⹫Ӹ룬Ҷ޲õһһԶ׿ȴƤᶶγ̾ЦҡԴ૳Ȼʥ֮ǿģϴԽ¯ˡڣңƾ֮Ҳѵһˡֻǡż갡ôôأ
ݺԴҶһա
ŷˣƺͬУҲ˵ˣֻһ󸹷̡
Ҷְô̫һȵĹ⻷ţ㻹ҪȹҲʵǿˣ
ө֮⣬԰
Ǳãûı̬ǰתƣȻҷǼɡ
վλ׿ȴԽ̬ԽðǵŻٺٺ١
Ȼ䣬ʱŷвɢϣĹʣ׿ڴ֮ɫ
׿֣ڱӵСδҸͶˡܾȵҺѩ£ŷضû


1067 
ǣûˣڣ
ȫûΧ˶أϣɵǵ׿ֻؿ΢΢ӣ²һʹطļ򣬽˻У˵ο
ģڿ׿еһɲǣǲӲ΢΢ͣ·𺽴˱ܷۣƽ밲Ȼ
ʱ˿̣׿ıܷۡȻδָȴֻܸ֪Ҫ׿Աߣƾɽ𺣣塣
Ƥ̲ס΢΢˶ﾰ۾һУ׿Űӣ°ŭ
ûڰﾰڵ׿Űӣŵſӡ
ϾһŰ裬ñǿ׿ˣ񱩷һ㡣ˣ̫ӵµܡ
׿ȴͬӣӡ˵˰Ű裬ȫǿ
˵һʼ׿ƸǲסգǳƣЩŭĻʱ׿ӣȴŭ˼㡣
ΪȻ˷ŭǴһ棬Ҳʾ֮⡣˼Ҳ㣬㣿
ڣ׿ΪУ裬ȴֻа˵񣬰ﾰˡ
ԭѾĸղŲǼ򵥵ƣû
Ҫ֪ݵһĽ̫ӣﾰ죬ﲻǱ˵ؼԴΪεȴ۶һۣ
Ǻλ̫ӵ䲻С٣ҲǻӵܣǽҲմŹٲӣܲˣ
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Ϊ׿ʵ֮ǿȻев֮ܲܽʵԼĶ˲ɱǷ֮
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ŷ࿴һУö޳ˣ󺰴С
׿νӣųǵ֣һֱǶҡţǹЦݣҡһ
Ҷ۵˼ˣǲ׿ȫֻ̾׿ôһʦǰһűҲڻ˰׿־ȻΪ˸ƽʦøոܾ飬߳ôѵã
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ѵΪиߣҲͬʱ빥ôܣ¶첻ѵܡ
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׿ֻڳǰǸˣˣȴĶħ˭ҿֻбɵˣһ⡭


1068 ǿ
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أȻ䣬˿׿Щ磬㱣ƺһֱҪﵽĿ꣬ȴԶҲﲻƵġ
Ľѩʱ˿̣Ҳһĸо·׿Ѳһֱ޵ħͷһָߵĴڣʲôȴҲ˵ˣ
˶ôض׿ţʱ䡢ռͷĵˣ׿ȴֻһ˶ѡ
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һ׿ֻӲӣôʤܾȫ˫ˡԼǹԪԷֻڻѣʤ
Լ֮з̣֮
ﾰһԵã¶ʤľ⡣ϧ׿ǲ˽⡣ͫؾͫϣżֶѰ

źХ֮޿ƥеĽ˲۽׿ǰ͵ľ磬졣
ȴûʲôֻɫԽԽĮ૵һ·˶ѣҲް˯𣿡
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һɼ׹ʱһѷɼ㣬Ȼ񷣬Ŀֱָﾰɡ


1069 

һ춸ȻǺɫﾰ콣Ǻݺݵײһȴǲδǿҵĳ
ΪֻɲǼĹײ˲ϢɫȼճޡţһӿĽӽ⿪ʼѿ׷׻ΪȼϣǱޡ
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֪ƿףǿͫڶأרƸֽǿͫǿһУϣǿɱ
콣ûдﵽʵͻ븯ʴԽһǿɱУҲûаֵ֮ܡ
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˵ݻæߣסСǺǡôʱ˿ֻ̣ҪһתԷһƿգˣȴǴʮֵľ񣬰ֲĻ˼źݻ
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ﾰ죬иԻ󣬴վڿвˡ·˿ˣҲЩɻ󣬵ǺܿǱƷʲôһЦضǰﾰ죬ָָ㣬вʱ˴˽ͷӶЦ֮
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ҳеһ˵ԭô°ǺǺǡŷ׿Ƕ棬ʱǿ̫үյ໽ʱ̲ס


1070 Ҿǲ˵
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Сģܳˡ벻⽣̫Ӹոʰ׵ݽֳ˰
䲻֪˭Ҳǲ˸˾ŲʮˡʱԮ̫ӵģ˭
ǺոջЦˣɫһٴνһ̲ס˿ĭȻһߵؿ׿Ǹطд˿˿ϣ֮ɫ
֣⽣̫Ըͦ˳֣⽣ֳ
ûε׿ֻ˿ٻ³ű˵ģųǵӣȥһ㲻š
Ǵ󺺼ˣƤһоڣȴǲ֪˼ʲô
ﾰҲǽض׿ţȴԹ֮ɫҧгݣֻһֻ۵ǽ߬ȭָ׶Թر׽ɱɱ
̫ӣҸȫطΪã
Ǿ׽סϤӰٿǰ̫ӵıŭȫһСȴûа̫˵ȥ˸ڣס
ȫûв⾪׽Ĺ֮Ϊ׿ԴôĹͰǰǰ¶ĻᣬȴˡĵعȻ˲зϵ̫ӵİΣˣ
ﾰʱ˿̣Ǳŭͷԣֻǽ׿ţ˫׽ˣ׿նҪɱˣҪԴ¾һְֵĹֻͣҪ͹ˣ
Ĭԣȴǲûжֻϸϸ˼ж
׿ҲȫûевֻĬĬǴǰйâһһСƿƿָһ̵ĵأȻɵǰ
뿪
ƽĳһνˮУ׿ɫƽĳ
һæ뿪㡭
׷ĽҪģ
ûпһۣ׿վɫ쳣㣬һתǶ˿аĮ˫֣ͫɱ֮ȼա


1071 
ৣ
һֱֱ䵽Լ
׿ϬĿ⣬˲˰׵˫ͫȴǵʱֹסһĪһŨŨв
·СһսһпƵġ
⡭ôܣǿǸڻ꾳ôԼյĸо
²һݣؿ׿һֿۣһԶ˵̫ӣµظһء
Ǽ򵥵ڻ꾳̫ʵ˳⸱ģ⻹ԼüʱĻƶҪ̫ʬˣ
۾΢΢һУٴν׿иӿһ֡
Сӡ˵ֻƵıɲ⣬ĥ
Ƥᶶ˶׾ôؿ·ȴδ֡׿Ҳôһ
ͬʱڷ׿ĵҩҲȻָǿжˡͳ뿪Ƿ֮ص񣬿ٴνС
˶׿ܷӦ֣ǡ
Ҫ֪ݽֿ൱ڸʵǿ֣ĽҺŷȼĴڡȻ׿һгͣոո̸Цʮӣô˵ҲһĽ𣬸ЩѵǶƸȴ൱һصĲࡣ
׿Ҫһλļʣ㰡
վ˿׿ǼıӰǵǡˮƺ˵׿ǽߣԼһں·ǿ׷أս龰ɵˮųǵ֣˽
ǣһĻʱơֻϣΣϴһ㣬ٴʧǰˡ
üͷ΢΢壬׿˶Ѿжˣȴɵվ󣬻뿪ʱһ߳ǻʲôߣ
׿֣ǵľ֮£ͬ죬ŷǲǵģ߰ͷŷඨǿУܶѣʵ̫صˣŷ̰֮ԣȻҲﲻʲôæ빲İɣֵأ㲻ǹ¾ս׿֣
η۶׿㱻Ӹ̣вɣ֪ﲻæǻƨðҲ˵ˣҰǻߣȫ뿪Ҿ͸жǴˡƴƴǻҪͬޣ˭ϡͬؼˣô죿˭ȫ
ޡˣ׿֣İɣֵܸҶ۲һһ°׵ġľ֮ŷһϣȻص˵ͷŷ൱һȭȳ
ǴһҶ۾ͲˣƤһ飬ʲô˼ʲôҲһ
Ȼˣ׿ɩӰȫߣأɩվ֮У֮£һ㶼û쵽ӾͲһˣԱУбع׿֣Ҳʧģ
٣ץҪͻȻܳסȥ·ɩͱǰȫˣһ
ҩҳԣɲ˵ܹ룬Ҷ׷ǣǽЩ׷ǣҲǳô
˵㡭
ҶۺŷƺԩңΣѽʱ̣Ȼܳһ׿ţͷ¶ͻͻֱ
Ϊôô磬ÿζ쵽һأ
ǵһжͦãһ𣬱²ˣ
еİﾰ·ĳੲݣȴȻЦһһ񶾵ļǻܣߣ̫ˣ׽֣Ϊܵȥ
׽
˵ţﾰһָ·ˣݺݵȫɱˣǰΪ빦
һ·ӵʱͣڳˣһصؿжˣǿǰףԴ϶ð˱ĺˮ
׿ҲǳǿĶ֣۾У˼ŶԵ֮ߡ
԰ﾰȴǺֵģһƽ֮ɫδгֵĴ㡣
һ㶣ﾰؿһۣдź֮ɫ׽СӿյҪƽʱһôΡ
û˵ֻƳһۣӣȴɲ
Ƥɵúݺݶ˶ﾰضºɸڶ˲ɡ
ৣ
ʱһƿ죬һӰ˶ǰȴ꽣ˡ
ףǲǡŷһʱ˳׿ӰһĪ׿֣ǲôȥˣ
ݣΪ콣ڵ£׿ֻȨ߽͹ŷֻһŵӣûл֪׿Դ飬´󾪡
׼ˣҲʱҵ˺ʵɣﾰ̫ӵ£ˣҸȫؽɣһ·͡ڵ׹ǰڶıһֱøɣ
ԭˣ׽չ꽣ǰ;ǺǺǡڶǰѲﾰƺʲôоâһʧЦԴãȻˣ׹꽣áҪһۿţ׿꽣ʬεĳ棬Խͷ֮ޣ
ɫһͰױ˴˶һۣüͷ΢塣Űֿ̫ӵ£صĽӰˣñع塣ƣǼΪáһУͶɡ״磬̫ӵ뿪
ã˵һͷҪﾰ뿪
ǰﾰȴһ˦ִֵ֣½ղ׿ľһҪǰʬβУ
£ｻˣѵ㲻ű
Ƴһۣ̫߳ӹأڶ൱ӡ˼֪ǹ˻ʱǵ˼һŭǿɳﲻ̫ӵ£뿪ˣĻǼ㶯ǿҲҪˣ
ɫһ䣬ﾰؿһۣȴǳ˳ĳ꽣ĹģˡֻǹҪ֣޹ءʱ𣬹ҲһеͶλģ
ڵƢ̫ӵֲǲ֪˭Ĺ׷˭ϡ˵еͳе𣿡
ضţϣ̫ӲҪΪѣع塣ȥݹǿˡҪǰһ״ҲνⶼΪãڻģ
Ƥݺݲţﾰض˰׺ͰۣȻһ·׿򣬲ŲʵץץȭͷҧгݵЩ²˵ƣҶǰҵʯ˺λҪôֵ𣿡
Ӳ͵һ𣬰׶ٴζһۣ³һһһ֣ﾰ춨̫ӵ£룡
ãϣǱڣһУߣ
˫ͫţﾰãһ˦һֻı۰򣬺޺޳ȻһתԶȥ
׸˰һĵҲϸ뿪
ʱ䣬ֻʣһλ׿Ȼһ˿԰ȻĻȡ


1072 ׷
ӭ磬ӣƳ׿һۣЯűϢȥ
˼ˣ׷ɫ΢΢Ųһ
˵׿һ֣Ǿʲôϵ˻ȫ֪ġʱ˿λ꽣һɱǰǵУȴȫͿˣ޷жϣ㷲
Ůʱ򡭡վһߵأ
³һǻһȻЦݣ׿ؿǽƽӰȻȴЩɻ󣺡û뵽ʱվһߣ
ֻ۾վһߵģߣٳˣ
Ӳ΢΢ͣͣٴ׿ƽֻ˫ȴǲȾ˿˿κ죬еɷҲࣺҪСӵĹͷģ
һٴһݣɫӳࡣ
ֻ׿ÿɷҡҡͷ˿Ϊ⣺ҪɱңովͿɳˣûҪ̫ү֧иոλλͦİ֪ǵĲ£Ȼô㣿ֻλֻǲȻѾˣΪλҪֱ̫նݳ񲻸𣿡
׸ƽտȻȽϴֱȴ彣ˡ̫ӱϾǰһ֧׸Ե޹˺Լ˵
ݺݵضţǰ޺޵˹Ȼһӻˮ˼ðôķհ㣬Ȼ赶ɱˣ¾Լף㻹ûеˣ
ԣĽѩҲΪȻصͷ޺޵ض·׿ĵƵġ
ŷɿһСȿȿȡѩãעһ׿ֿԼˣҲˣ
ֺڰףƶ񣬺ߣݺݵһۣĽѩһȴҲ˵ˡ
Ȼ׿ڰ׷ˮݣڴͬһӪ£ҲֻʱħΪˡžʵˣЩĶʱƨûУ
ģҲֻжħΪ飬ȴҲħΪ
һߣħһɣ䱾ˡνаʤںŵģҲǶħҲһ
΢΢ʼͷ׿԰ѣȫΪ⣬ֻʧЦһûʲôԣʱԸ׿ҲˡѣҲ᲻ܵģ
ޡأȫҶѣߣ޺޵һۣĿɷ
ЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷлĹâңղҲѰǺǺǡ֮ǵĺҼסˣһɣ
˵ţ׿һתʱһؿˣﵽж·̣뿪
һӵĹٸ·ܸ㣡æ
΢һͷ׿֣꣬뿪Ҫκβӣ
٣㻹ҵūʹ˰
ôողѾѡҵ𣿡üͷһ׿аؿһۣЦȻˣ̶һ·һھҵ㻹ʹĻǴʱҲϳ֣Ҫҵ㣡
㡭
²һͣ鸴ӣջŭһݵһۣǰȥǸǿ·ˡʱתؿˣŭĥʲôϽ߰Ҫˣ߶ˣߣ
˵̤꣬ǰȥȻԹȴǲûк⡣
˲΢΢ãȻӦæŮĽŲͬʱ׿׿ȴǾ̾
ŷֹ࣬ס׿ı۰һ羴׿֣ţܽǽǶˣһ˵Լ˵ǽǡҪ֪ǰǲܽͰﾭγ۵ǽţϹٷƺ͵ȫǶȥˡ׿ְ꽣˵Ǹݳ˵ôģ
šֵ
΢΢׿ԼǿȥȽƽݣһԴĳ㾶ߣˮһȥ
ֵ
üͷ壬ŷҲֹסԼӣϸϸ˼׿õмưɣܳɹǱҲƾˡף˵ݻŮ𣿡
һ棬̫Ӱﾰһڿзţǽڽ޷κС
Ȼݡƿ˷ϤӰʱӶǰﾰһʱһæгλ
֨
Ӱأһͣͣȴ彣ˡ
ǵӰȴüͷһɫ˲ߵİﾰ죬ƤĴ㣬ȴûа취
ܲܵλ棬СֱӴΰɣ
ϣⲻ̫ӵô֣ôյһˣˣҲһ졣˵̫Сʵޣǲһжģ׸
ڡ
۾УϸȥȴǺһף̫ӵ£ֱۡ
ˣ
³һﾰһ룬΢΢᣺ڲҪ׿Դʮֵҵˣ
ʲôҵˣһ˶ʱɫһ࣬˴˿һۣǲ¶ʧ֮ɫ
̵ģȻҵˣͷ񲻳ǵˣ
̫ӵ£ȻˣѾ쿪ʤõСͷ˰ɡЩǣǷѾ׼ȥ빦ˣ
еˮŸҫ۵ĹâﾰһݵҡԴʲôС̫µλʵܣɥ֡µұۣǰͣŶġʱǾ׽ʱϵ¹ȻɥȪ˰
ʲôһؿһֻۣ˳򣬽ºȻ
̫һп̳֮ˣ֮˭˿ɱȣϾλӣȻһһëͷС
ħɽĵӣȷײͬ
ǵľҲһɲǶѣܿǱְĿⶢ˰ǻ߰ļЦȭôһ׹ˣϲϲ֪һмӣ˵콣¶򼸸ءʱֵʵ֮
ɫû˵ЩͬԲԵֻǿص˵ͷӦһ¡
λˣ
ǣڴʱﾰȴһǰıһЦڰֵ׽߷ڣˣ뵽ıǴµһȫؽˣȫͷǸж
ͷǰһ˸æ
ǻа컡ȣﾰָƳһİ׺һָ׿֮ո꽣Ҳǡɵˣ׽ͽͣø꽣ˡСе㱾£꽣еԨԴŲôҪĥϷˣһźãλڡ
ԶԶԣȥüɼ˵Դ˸æ˱ȭ׻˵ָ̫֮ȥ˲䲻Ӱ
龰ﾰаƳ˰һۣȴ¶˵Цݣ׽ڹ¿Ը㰲ȥˣǺǺǡ
ɫ̧ۿ˿Ҳεͷ³һ
꣬Ϊֻܰ㵽ˣһΪ׹ɲӡʱҪΪ֮ĪΪСӣĸԼ˺Ǿ˭˰


1073 թ
㣬ٿ㣬Ƕڹߵô
һ᫵СϣһֻĸϻһӶӼѸ·ˣӶʨ񷡣
һŬһǰߣһ߻Ҫĸϻĳȫֱĸо
ŷλүЩͲסΪһ䣬ƽʱôǳˣʲôʱֵ˺ǳˣ
Խ𣬸ϵһȼİ꣬ȴǰƢҷֻܲЦһһΌ㣬Ƕ˻ߣߵҲпԭ¡
¸ƨ
Ȼδ䣬һʱһˮΪ̫ﾰʮӶԸˣƽʱʲôԵģ
·˲仯˽ٵɽһ·ǰеһһŶֱöĤ죬Ҵ𻰡
ŷ̲סԴһȻи̲ϣȴҲҶˡ
ѾѾ޵ģվ˵ۣȻƲﾰСӡ˵⽣˶೤ʱŴﵽ˶٣ܱ
ߣŮˣ
ϡ
ȫûע⵽ŷȻһԲȦӣɳһӰǰ߹˵ǼҲãҲգǼӽ·
һӵʱ䣬˵˵̲̣Խٶȣܿҵǡʱལ׷Ӧԣ
Ϊ˱סЩСЩһ͵ڳױѼ壬޻ͷ֮աǲǰɣǱûϵ׿ˣ᲻ˡ
ԶνеļУ˿֮£й֮ټֱƢȻȻΪеһֿɾŮħͷ
ֻŮħͷ˭Ķ䶼ҺΨ׿ߣ׿ıȴһͣ˲ˣƹλүں޲Ⱥǡ
龰˲ͶĽĿ⡣
׿׿˲ܽǽǲ㣬ܰһѱ˷Ҳ˹ˡ
ѵǿֵм
뵽ŷйâһʱһͭʮ˧ͷݣüͷ΢塣
˵ĻҲôλ͡
ž
Ȼһ춯طŷ໹ûоǺصʱ˦һƣ˼ңʲôգƵģ˷ʱ䣬ߣ
Դһһ飬ŷŸʵգԴʲô˵·ˡ
˼ˣȫЦ׿ҲǲݸҡҡͷӣǸ
ݡ
Ȼ춯ƿ𣬰һʱסˣһɫѸ
׿Ҳüͷһͣӣתȳ꣬ߣ
˵ţ׿ǺˮƵǰ档
أһؿһۣȫ˼ȴüͷ壬ĵ
ЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ񣺡Ųµģǡεģˮʦ㡣ǴߣҾһˡȥץңûôף
üͷᶶת׿˿͵ĳһۣɫӣֿ׿س֮ɫ
꣬㱳ŰңҺܸжϴ˵ҪˣʵڱǸΡҪ㣬ҵӰȫߣ
ضǽüͷ׿һƬȻĳҲ֪ҲסˡңҪϸ֮ңҲϣòҪˡǴߣа취ѵһ·㻹ҵ˳
ضţ˼Ƭ̣һҧһץǺˮļͷһ̤ȻзȥֱǸһû
ֻУȴȻشˣأǧ
٣λôˣ
뿪ŷ಻һ㶣ǿ׿ѯʳ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ˣܸ֪½ˡոǸеǿƽӦ֡ңǰĽ飬ǰñ˷֡ȰߣǾͰȫˣ
׿֣ǰȫˣأһ㶣ŷ಻գգãĴ۾૳
мƲƲ죬׿ָָԼЦݣⲻ𣿡
㣿ܶԸ˽
ǶԸˣҴ˴α֮Уǰ׼˵ǽ㲻ܽͷҲӦ֮ߣ
оâһ׿һתףһƶ˸߿տȥοڣǵĿ걾ˣҲ㲻
ˢˢˢ
ģͬʱӰ񷣬λǰǿ˲·ֱ˱ƵϢһͣ´󺧡
ֻ׿ɫƽ˫һУɵػһĪЦݣȡ
Űףֲով׽꽣Ҷˣظλʣµ罣뽣׽ɣ
ǺǺǡ׿þòǰǻల£벻һ˲䣬ǵҪĿ꣬ǰ׾Թ϶˷ǰ
֣ص׿ﱧȭ˻࿴˿ȫЦɢŶĿľ⣬׿񣬷·ڿŹ»Ʊһ˷ܡ
׿˵꽣ոҲܵϢôôͲˣأ
һ֣¶ɭİ׿ƵĶһа˵ǸɵŮ˰ǺǺǡոոһȻȡԴߺߣȻ˻ˣǸеֳֵĻҶ׷ȥ֮أ
ʲô
²һݣʧɫ˵꽣˻ˣôܣ㲻ǲڻꡭ
üͷһǻδ䣬׿һЦؿˣڻ꾳˭ǵģ𣿹ǾȻҲţ
ʲô˼ɫһ࣬˵ʱһüͷ
ϹթЦݻ׿˫һУĳð굽ߣ˵Ҫ̽ʵΪǵС˼һ᲻֪ߺߣȻ֪ˣ¶׸ǻ֪ɣոǰʮСִ˾Ÿʣһպñ꽣;׽ˡҲǾȣΪѹûСû׷ɱѡĻΪܴ¾ˣߺߣħɽӣǿɲҪ˰
䣬һ޿ƥеƣǵʱ׿ɢȻʵԪûǹɲһȣȴڳ˲һݣ׷ײĿ
λҲ̲סһȫסˡ
ѵ˵ħɽӣɲ⡣꽣쿴һжǼȫƭˣ
Ҫ˵Ļǿɲжˣܽ˻˵ˣѰ֮
һʱ䣬ϾֿɵõͣλȴǱ׿һթٲҶ֣СĽ
֪׿ǿиɶѣˣɱһͷм䶼һ񡭡


1074 
｣ƽʱֻô˵ʲôǶţ
ضϿպȻòΡΡλ׿ǹŵɪЦݣȴһ󸹷̡
׿֣벻ôֶܴܰ
ʱŷȻ̽Դһ羴ؿ׿ǰԸǰﾰ죬ɹûð׿ߣǾͷĶˡֻ׿֣ҶһˣôģôͳԽˣǵԴӦò֮£ôô̬
üͷ̲ס˶׿бۿ˿λӣһ飬૳ŷ֣߽Ҫһʲô
֪ϵ˵֣
թ
εƳһۣ׿ŭ𣺡꽣ô£㲻֪թǣ㻹ˣ˵ƽʱʱǲҲǳЩĿֻ꣬Ⱑ
ۣ
̲סЦһĽѩ׿ŷؿȴɫһ࣬Ҳ̲סʧЦҡͷݸ
ȻصͷŷһУԭˣ׿թǣǻ𣿡
᲻ţĵװβΡɻ󣬾꽣ͻȻʧֻҪײ©ܸǽһ󣡡оâһ׿
Ȼأŷٴʵǲܸһֱȥɣֽס𰡣
ûֻȨ֮ƣʱˡȰֵˣһн
֣˭
һ֪ûҾ͵ˡȻǲУǡüͷһ׿һȴ˵ˡ
龰ŷǲ⡣֪׿˴εĿĺȷֻǵҺѣݺݵĴսǲײ͵ġ
̵ֵĻȻƽ⣬ôͻ˲ˮ
ȷʵòܽ군ôΪˣ˲̨սûк£ֱӽϷݡĽǣݻ˴ʲôò
˫ֻдһսĲݺĶʤ̣׿˼ǵȴƺ⡣
ǰһǿ۵һʼƺƣҪƺ𣬷һͳ£ѵһ
еһУݺݵ˶ǲ֪ġ
ܹ뵽˫˴Ϊ֣ǻиͬĵˣߥǺݺȴԼۻ𣬲ԸһԸһ׿
ҪǱݵĸ߲֪һڵҪʲô뻢ıƤˣ
ͷϲ˿˿亹еλ׿ոһͨţһһ㶣һʱ侹֪ôźá
һݸߵӣһ˵ƴ磬С꣬ʵ൱ˣ겻ȫ˵ĻᶼûСĻǼ֣ҲδСΰ
ǰǰ˵ĶģüͷһƳૡ
һһֵˣæո˵̫ӵ£ȷǰ̫˵һ֤鱨Ѿʧ׼һڻ꾳ô̫ܽ˳һУƭҲû뵽ôʵ﷭ˡΪ̫˵ȴֲأ׹˱⣬ʲô뿪
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һЦϤӰسǰǺǺǡλҲݺݣǧȻ۸һȺСӺ𣿡

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ǰһŷĽѩʱгϲ⡣
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ֻʱ˿̣Ȼֳ񽣣ݣɫȴǲҰһƬǻһ˿죬ȻˡҧţݺݶŶλ˿ûɫһս⡣
׿ո̧ƣֻˣ³һ
Ȼ˳ˣͲóˣʡһֶΣٺ١
׿֣㰡ȻаˡҵڣҲܰôˣŷһѱס׿˷ˣô죿ҸȫĵطҵʹһԼҵǴ׿֣˳ᢣף
΢΢׿бƳƳȴƵȻ˵İ֣ǣȻǼʱϵҲһѡǻǡܰɣ
һȣ׿һתкˣ𼱻ǵﱼȥȴŷ˲һ㶣ȫɵˡ
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ȻĻδ䣬ȻӰ˲ɹǰͨһˤϣѪʱһƬضȾѪɫ
ȥ˲ǱˣȴŷɡǵϣѳֹϣƺǷı֮
龰һԼ׼Ϊݵŷ࣬ɵסˣʱڵأþûز
񽣵ĸףôܻһбܡ


1075 
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ѪˮȪһ㣬һɫŷ˵ɫԽɷȥϢޣʱʱϾҪӡ
ŷĽѩˣһУȫԭأɵšǻδԼĸֳ˵ĳ̶ȡ
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һЦ׿ÿɷҡҡԴֻûݼãʱȻǿװ򶨣ȴ麹ֱðȻѾ;ƿˡǸǿֳ֣񽣣Ѿ֮ʱȴʲôûˡұָǵһһʱ䣬û뵽һжûŹ˲ᣬƴûˣ
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У϶ôױһǻôмƲƲ죬׿ǻ֮ɫ
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ʵոһ֣ǲÿҲףǾǿ֮ĩƶѣǰˡǼֵܸô꣬û˼һ֮£ȻءܻվѾ챣ӣ񽣻ˡĻǲҲ˲֮壬Ѷڵ֮˶֣ߺߣֱ
˿ŷɫһŭʱһ˦۰ǿӲǰһ콣һ˦ָˣȵ࣬㻤׿һС뿪ΪٶһֻҪǵ˴Ƕ̴ߣͰȫˣ
һĽҲһ˦첲Ȼվŷ첢Ȼɫȴ޾Ķ־
Ϲٷ۾ҵؿãҲǿҡҡ׹ӣͬվǰ棬䲻ãԴ˲ڻС뿪ΪδĻ֣Ҳ޺ˣ
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أһʯˣ޾ź
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1076 Ůݵ
Ƥֹסغݺݶ˶ŷ콩ӲԴһЦŷһƬ֮ɫ㡭˵ʲô
ǺǺǡףҲܹǣʵ̫ǿǴ򲻹ˡո׿ָһŵҩǲܿжġȻĻվûУһӲӵԴŷ಻֪ôֻͣ૳
üͷݺݶ˶ŷؿһۣת׿ǿλдŨŨɻ󣺡˭˵ǣ𣿺ߣýһнɱȴôĥСʲô˼
ŷ죬ᣬô˵ҲݵˣҲûô̬İãСһⲻȥģ
΢΢ԴƲЦһָ·һ˵˭ǣԼȫ𣿡
۾΢΢һ£ŷֽ̽ѰĿ⿴ӡ
ŷգЩףʵӵģ·˰ҵʮλӣ͸
Σû˵꣬ŷλǰѯʡ
࿴һۣ˶ȫصԴ૳ȫ𣡡
ʲôǰʮλȫˣǰһ˵ʱ˷ܽгӢţˣ˰
ǿ˷ܵݣŷȴ볤̾һĵϵʲôأǱ˼ȫˣ
Ӳ͵һ˵ʱһ˷ܵݵʱӲ
ʮһﶼ̫ˣǰﾰ죬ҺҶֵ֣δܱʹȫͱܵˡʦǣҲӻܣһ⡣ҴûһеģҲû˵˼һë˵ϵЩ̬ôİʵձ鶼߳һذ
ʣŷ࿴ǰλλȴȻȫʯˣŷ죬ֹס߽૳ǵĵâ谡Ǳ׻Ҳˣ벻һǿٮٮǣҲȫЩӵĶ֡˵ǿ߽ԱŰ٣ˡʵѹƴӮⳡսһʲôδϵĲܽˣµĲܽݡ
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Ӳһλɫһ࣬뿴·׿ٴŷҲǲת׿׿̽ѰĿ⡣
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б۶λŷıǿ׸ܺһǾǲͣ£ҪжҪɪжɪ·˵ԺҪɳṦΰһ
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Ǻ׿Ϊѵص˵ͷǸԼݵ㣡
ӦŷźٺһЦ¶Цݡһ£ڿ˳غٻɵɪˡ
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ԴӼʶ׿ԵֵʮȫһĻףΪҶѵõĸ֣׿˳ӡ
£׿ⱲˣЩϼһﶼƥ֮
ԣôҲһͶʡ϶׿һɳ춯شҵˣŷ࣬һҪ˳
ǸӸ磬СĿʮԶҪݵһˡڿǿô࣬˱̬㵱ˡô㵱ߵ֣һ֮£֮ϣ
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ŷתؿ׿ոյ¼Ҳ¾죬е˿ϣ֮ȴٴεȼ
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еλŷȴǲûзǽ׿һ֣΢΢˵ԴûС˵ûݵʵݸ߳һȼĻħɽӵʵǱ׸߳һصȼҵ𺳡ԡ飬ǲ׷ģ
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һɱ⣬һȣλһ̤ʱ·ȥĿֱָ׿
龰ŷ˸æһȫŬƣ׿ߣȵסǣ
ߣƾڵ״̬Ҳ䣿Цһ
ʱâһ߳ȴǶʱ쳹˭Ҹף
΢΢˶׿֣Цڸˣȸ


1077 ǿ
䣡
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һͣ˵ʱһ˦֣飬㽫뵲£ֻǰӣַԭأüͷ΢壬¶֮ɫ
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ǿɲһҲģأô˵ۻȥƵؼʱǺǺǡЦһ׿ÿɷҡҡԴȸȴ΢΢һƲ죬ɰСǣһЦ
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룬׿ȴ˿Ϊذ˰֣ҲûشŷʣֻɫȻЦЦȸҾͷĶˣͽˣǸҲСһ㣬ǵԸ㷸壬ǵ콣
İϵ֪ˣٺ٣ȫ£ȸ˦˦Ժ˫βʱһתףǰֺؿˣصϵ˵ˣϼһﲻͨȻ֮ءСк֮£ΪǣǿɲҪôߣҲʹ찡

ĺģ쳹Ժ˷ཱུС˵ǷĻȫˡ
ȻһӦǡţ׿׹Ű裬˵ζһģһ˷ޡ
ŵڶӦǣѾͷǲǷˣȻССͣʵڻ꾳ֱ츳ǿҲǽֵĶְѵôߵ츳زˣǾ̫ϧˡ
ȸССӰվں֮һ򵱹Ī㣬ǰŷ˲׷¶ϧ֮ɫȻȫؿ׿
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ǵõһ֮ʱڸɽҲ˱Ƹ磬ǱŰ˰ӡ˵Է֮ûƵϵģݰҲΪԼĶ죬ҪչƵȨ֮ơò˵ΪֲҪ̬ȣڶʱڣɳɹ
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磬ôĿţƣƿװ̫˰֣һСӦ׿·
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ǵҪСʲôܹͣڻʵĲ
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Ϊǰȸʵڻѣո׻Ҳˣǲô⡣һֱŵģ񽣣нԶȥ׿Ӱ
Ƹ磬ԭΪСԴ׹һû뵽ϼһͽˡҪǰ񽣳ʸڣǹϼӹ˵ã꽣ϵ۹ͣͻ͸أʱǿɾǾŽУ񽣵ĽˣҲøƽƽˣٺٺ١
һλƣзŽľ⣬ƳҲаЦŵ˵Դһǻʲôὣɱˣ
䣬λʱЦһһ̤Ųŷ׿ȥн˷֮ɫȴȫûаѵǰȸ
龰ŷɫһ࣬Ҳ½˽һ˦ʱָúãҪɱ˶ὣȴϼһʬϲȹ˵
⻹˵ǾģЦһ˵һǾۼƮĽϬǳһ˦֣һը죬Ƿ·ҪֱĿֲƽ£ǵ˲仯Ϊֱֱ
üͷ壬˵ĶȻϸܵĺˮ񽣺ڣǰظǽҧţ׼һ
ڴʱͻݵһһɫĹ㣬һǰ㣬أһ˲ӭǿĽ
ͫһƲһ㶣ʲô
䣡
ǣ׹һȻ˲쳹ƿգɫʣȵķ籩Ȼմһ󶴡
ǽɫĹײʱױȵǿը˲ͽճһƬɫ׺
Ǳը޿ƥеɢܣ˲ǧ֮⣬ǻأһȵտ£Ϊ촷ۡ
ŷϼһ񽣻ݣȴҲµУݺݱ˳ȥһѪٴңǵѪҲȵģոڿУȻˡ
ֻȸǽɫ˳֮£ҡͷϵ˫βЦš׿ǴûתͷȻǰĲǴĻȡ
ǿ塭ӦŶ԰ǺǺǡ


1078 Ϯ
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ȵĽɫƿգǱӰ뵹ɳȥβƣڣԭͷں㷢ʱ˿̶ɢŨŨĽ֮Ѫ̲ס³
Σ̧Բ԰׵ݣȴλһĽǺˣ
ֻʱ򣬸ոջֺǣȴһ淺֣˼ؿǽ׺֮أǽɫâӳµģСŮЦݡ
ֻʱССõЦݣȴ˿ֲȻСѸ߿һۣôҲû뵽ѾͷǱеĻҪߵĶöࡣһ֣ͽ˲˻ˡ
⡭ôܣ
˫ֹͫסزţºȻ蹵㵲ǰĽɫ𺣣ȴ˫ȲԾزҲûǰһˡ
ոһ£˱㱻ˣˡµĻƼλ֣Ҳֱȥ㵱ˡ
СҲ̫̬ˣ
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һСﶼͣǴĻˣ
һʱ䣬˳ü°̾ȴҲǰ׷ˡ
֪С˰ɣ
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²ɿһ£˾һıһɫء
һĻЩӵܿ϶ᾪ°Ͷǿ֣ȻᱻһСѾͷһ仰ˣҲ̫췽ҹ̷˰ɡ
ǣʵˣСǿ£ֶǡ
ŷǼˣҲǸĿɿڴһƬ˲ȫɵסˡĻҲСѾͷȻôֲͶ䶼˽ʵ
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죬Ƶǿ𣿡
ǻһаЦݣ׿̧ʧЦŷֵܣ˵׿ǿ壬ȻҲԸ̫ҡҲбҪЩ˼ʶһ¼ĵ̡ȻĻ񲻶ΪڴţƤ𣿺ǺǺǡˣｻȸϺã㻹ǿȥĸףһ·ɡĲȫ
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ʱ·ոǵ춯صıըƺϵǰȫƷˡǰֻžȸ֮УڲŹѰӰǷȥܿ㿴ϼһ
ʱ˿̣λҲǴڹ̵Ĵϣһգգؿǽ֮ԼȸƤӰȫסˣԼƶһ㡣
ʱ飬һģһġ⣬ŸľǾˡ
û뵽侹˷˼֮£һСȻȻ
ϵ˳ˣء׿ѾڴˣϽİɣʱŷǰݺһ̧㽫ŷӼڼϸˡ
Ĵ󺰣ҲǵʱӦæǰЭ˵̧ߡ
ֻ˵飬ȴһ仰û˵ûһۡΪʼգ˵۾ȸӰûƶֺнǸӵ⡣
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˻һӣڲᵽ仰⡣¾ûǾǿĴڣұǿˣҲֻһ
ˡҪоη֮ģԴ󰡣
뵽̧ߵ˻࿴˿ȴ볤һԴеį
Ƕǿߣվ۷вܽȴҲֻһ֮϶ѡ˵ǶĶŵʶ֮ˣǸߴʤö֮ͻǿߵĽֻ֮һˣȴ˷Ϊ϶Ķֻ֣вܽһ˰ˡ
ȸı֣ȴøһƣǵʱѹ¼˱Ӣ۲ϣΪǵϼһɻԶأ
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˵ǾĪĸоҲǷǰȫˡ
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ж٣ˣλɾ˭סˣ
İɣʮӦҹƼضˣµģһЦ׿֮ɫ
һҶ۲ʧɫôࣿʦҲ̫ƫˣϴֻһӦѣξȻһóʮţҲߣ˵Ϣ̫󣬲׼ƭ˵ġԭһСأ
ҲǣһЩҼģգΪǶ׼㶫ҲԷһ
գϴ㲻һֱĴӡطѨһ֪ݣҪأܰʲôæ𣿡
ﲻϣ
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뵽ԼʦǿҶҲ΢΢ͷ֪׿˼ûǿмˡ
㣬˶ĵؽ󽻸ȸһ˺ܿķȥգ۲Ӱ
λͨǽ׺蹵ǰңңȥȴһҧгݣ´󼱡Ҫ׷ϣסǣһȸЦݣȴһ׺Щˡ
С̫Ѳ
һҲͰˣؼǸģ֪ʲô̶ˡǱСѾͷǿĻξߵˡ
׷ȥҲ޼£
İ꣬鱨̫ˡ۸⸸Ůల£֪ǲǣҲͼˮˮˡ
ڣ˺ˣǲܳûպҪָôأ
üͷţ˱˴˶ӣнһԹ˰ϣһٰʮ飬ȴҲ޼¡
ৣ
ȻʱӰأһߴӰȻһ㣬ת˲ϵĴ񷣺ոճʲô£Ϊô󶯾
ڣ
ӲɺݺһλէһϤæתһݣȵ¹ӭڴݣ


1079 Եֵ
ݣ
һܽ˲ǰһ˿еݺݵضǣոճʲô£ʵ
ڣոס׿ŷһˣϻ񽣣࿴˿½ţʵͷ
ǰһ΢ȴЦϷҪͷѽ۵һˣⲻǺܺ˺ͽأ
ܡˡ
Ƥ΢΢˶Сؿһ°Ǹߴȴȫɸսս૵
ͫ͵һɫ˲ˣô£Ϊˣ
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Ȼˣǻɵʲô׷ŵ£Ͱ˵ȴһŭ
Ƥֹסزţ˻࿴˿һ֮ɫŲɰҧҧӲͷƤһָȸ﹪ݵˡ˼ˣС粽׷ʵǵѣڿģ
һС
۾΢΢УһݣתȸǸȴһǰסǸС𣿡
ڣһֱ׿ѾͷС磬޺ӣƭˣʵ

Ƹæͣǻ˵꣬һǿȻ͵ˣһ췢˲ͽƷɳȥѪٴ³˵ɫҲ˲ɷ࣬϶ȻûѪɫ
ضǲţнŭ˿˿ɱ⣺ϷҽڣȻܱһСסߣ
ǣ
˲ٻػߵ
ûٿһۣתֿ˶ȸ΢ȴǵʱ¶˿˿Ц֮ǺǺǡħɽϷôƣҲееô˵СǷģܽС㻹治򵥰
ߣ֪ͺã
һȸոһﲻʶʱ񣬱С΢ѵһ¡ϼһʶôĻ͸ϽǸҹϵ˵ˣ׼̤ߣ򡭡
ΣüͷһЦ
ǻа컡ȣȸأһ˿ɱ⣺򡭡ϹͷñС˰ɣ
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ȻһЦ첻ÿɷҡҡԴȻһȴǷ˵֮⣬˶ĲҲǽɫ淽һ߹ڲƺ㣬浾š
СϷԳһҶô˵ģ㻹ǵһأôϷ㾿ûʸ񣬷ų˵ȿ԰ɣ
Ц˵ĿŲ˶ӣҲڽȸƽ
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ϼһҵġ÷ǵ³ҲԹˡ˭ԽˣԽأ
ûиòԽߣֻûԽ߰ˣ
̧ƳһȸеӣǵǿϢҲеس֮ɫܿתϲãǰĲҲԽԽ࣬ƺȻȲҪʶһȸǿƵġ
ոԱģⶫ˰ɡǺǺǡ൱Ϸܸܵ˵СԼУⶫҲħɽˡʶһħɽĸְϷ޺ˣ
İɣܿͼʶˣ
оâһȸЦһеϢݵһݺķȥ
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ɫĹ㣬·ǻת˲ֻɲ֮䣬͵ҵȻⲽİϡ
һ쳹صľ췢ǰǴαըһ㣬ռ˲䱻ɫĻǧ֮ڣٴνһƬɫ˳޿ƥеĻ̼֮ϯ˰ڵؽ磬ֻǧţһ
ǲܽ𣬰ӰҲգ۵Ĺ£ȻɫĻɣްӰ¶
龰λɴʧɫгڣ
ϧûл·λûܹĸ֣Ҳѵʴ˲޴ˡ
üͷֹסţλɫ磬̱ڵء
ȸһЦüͷܣã㲻ҪԽ磬ҪԽ硣˵ʲôҪħɽĸֽ֪˰ɣԸԳ˰ɡħɽĸ֣ڱ£ҲĿˣٺٺ١
ǺǺǡĸ֣ʵͨأ
ȻĻ䣬һϵЦȴȻ汼ӿĴС˵ʲպȻǸ֡ϧڵ㣬ֻݣȴֵĽ޻ԶءôϷھúƣʲôĸַ緶ɣ
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Ȼը죬һ£һ͵Ľ˲仮񷣬ٵذ㣬ؾͽ롣
ܽ𣬰콡˶Σǻ˷֮ǰһ㣬ǰ·ʲô¶û㣬ǹЦݡ
ÿһǰһҲըѡ
ţһƬյĽ͵ѿ֮ϣɫȻ䣬׸֮أȫ˺Ƭֻգ۹򣬸ոջȷڵˣȫΪɫ
ƬİֻҪţǽӵĵط
ڣ
ǰһϲλ˷ܽг
ȸӺݺݶ˶ŵؿǲϵӰǰУȴǶʱסˣôܣϢȻ費ʲô˰
ϢǺǺǣոõĶ𣿡
һȸƽĲӼᶨһĽֻԶԸϷ򣬽һУҲԾض˶ǺǺǡˣûϷЩĸоˣϷҲһƳϢǺηʥ⼴Ҳֻѣʱǿȴ޾ϷҪģĸ֣С㣬ҶߵĺӡôϷʱһ䣬Сħɽĸ𣿺ǺǺǡ
ͫɵúݺݶ˶ȸŲܽǸߴӰƽȴǲɵЩˣŲйâһһϢϡ
ţȴЦҡҡԴСûϷĻϰϷȻ˵ˣ߲ϷҪġ
ಣ
ǣ˵꣬ȸеڶϢǺԥ˳ȥߣȻˣϼһٳһŰɣ


1080 
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һ죬쳹ȸĵڶϢҲݺ˰ϣֲĻٴϯ񷡣
Ǻܿ죬ϴһ㣬ŵը죬ǻܿ㱻˺ϡ飬ɢڿռʡֻǵףھ֮žըѣ·ڸһ㡣
Ҳǰһ˿ңжĲȸǰȥǵĳ֮Խԡ
С㻮Ľޣ˱ˣȴסϷ򰡣֪Ϊʲô𣿺ǺǺǡΪϷ̫ǿˡеĹ򡢽ޡɷΪǿ·ȻϷǿߣ
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ˡֱǿòˣʥˡֻĽ׶Σûڣʥڰˡ
ˣȸҲʵ̬˵ز׿⡣
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ѹˣΪ˵ܽǿסΪ۽򵽼µˡ
һ㣬׿ȲϡΪ׿ϴ̫࣬ÿһжһЩ˵ȣȴﲻ
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뵽ȸɫҲԱ֤ȻسҲɵˮ
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ۼУǿɲǺҴģٲи·Ҳǿеǿߡοܽ׿һ켶ţټϲۼ͸Ƿͬ죬δɾʥ޶ҲĿˣ
ڣȸȻСϢԽ콣ļ´ߣȴҲ޴ˣ
Ҹƴˣ
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ɫҲڲϾҺҪ׻ɢغϵ̫ۺǾ֮ϵľ׼㲻ϺҲûн׺͸
龰λɫٴǵǡǱװеİ죬ȴɻǰû˿֮ɫֻǲϵݣҲֹס΢΢ࡣ

Ȼһз޺ȫƶȻŷ׺ϾҪȫ֮ǰ¡һŰľ׾ǶȻ籡ӿֻɲǹ򣬱㻩һ½׺˺顣ֱֲʣʱһ˶ĿǾҲ˳ӿ£Ӧϣн׶ޡ
ոջɫǵλʱ˿ȴǸĿɿڴ¶֮ɫ
ڵȻѾ֮ͫݺƿԶˣеԱһԪ֣㱾ʵǿ֮ҪԴȪǽҲһȻ
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ͬ쳣һλæԴ֮ʱ˵֮ܳʱ֮ϣпٵصĿܡԭһֱΪǸ˵֮ôоͷأҲ֪ھȻﵽ⴫˵ĲΣʵŰҪ֪ո֮׺Ȼˣ֤
Ҳͷɢ˷ܵĹâ
ǰҵĽݵһˣܽ鴫ضԻĵһǿ߰
֪֮޾ģأȴǱƣ֮ޡ
ֻһĹԪ֣ЩҲԴޣǰȴˡ
ҲʾȻﵽ˷׼£ζڷˡ
ȻĽѹƣҲһޡ˵ֻҪ㹻ǿ޾ͻơ
ѾǰֻԼ¶֪ѣ
ҲȻǷôʸʥˡ

ϯأһڽڵĻҳ˾֮⡣ʤĽ֮УЦţСϢȻܹӣϾһʹǿߵȫһرġмνӵĲ֣©㲻ӶٸϷҲа취һһ顭
ڵؽѵС㣬ȴǺķ֣ǰȻտҲȫûӰˣɫĳ
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ڣոӳϢҪƾ˴ҪܰʱݵһƵʱǰȻ
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һһݣȻŲܽʱǰ׷ȥ
һ棬ڼٸ·׿ˣȻ죬Ťͷȥȴǽɫ׺ûԻͣɻѹеľ
СССͣôôǿأ
Ǻܿ죬ԶĽױ˲ʧȡ֮ȴǵ졣
ŷ첻һʱгܽǲ֮ܽʱ龰ϼһ׷ˡֻǲ֪Сܷ񵲵סأ
ˣϵͱˣ׿ǿ壬һӶܰλøһܽˣҲκβҼС̣ٺٺ١һŷ͵һ֣Ц
Ƥ̲סһ飬ŷοһۣСӣ㲻ŷˣô͸ĻͥõȵϵԺʦ棿
ϵ˵ģֲǸգʲôʦģⲻǰݴԺҸ׿ɣɳһҵҲҫô
η۶ŷ׿һۣȴɫһ࣬û˵˵ǺڵˣȻҲǺڵĽӰˡǲò˵׿ʵ̫ˣȻǸɴµˣǸɶõǱɰ
ԼĶܸһ˵ԺǲѡءȻеΥڹ棬ŷҲĬˡ
Ͼߴߣˮʹ׿ԣɵӲŲ
ĽѩԴȴ֮ԱǣߣħΪ飬û
䣡
ʱԶһҵıըɫĹâٴθ񷣬ֱܿâ¡
̲סһͣ׿ҡҡԶͣһˣٸˣȸǶסˣ׼ӭսɡ


1081 
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׿ͣ£Ҳ׷ֹסΣһصؿ׿֣ȷȸѾͷסˣ
΢΢˵ͷ׿һĮո𺣣콻治ϣȻȸκβ˲ܽ𣬹ƺܿǾͻ׷ˣǵٶҲûãսɣ
üͷɵúݺݶ˶˻࿴һۣɫ˫ȭֹסؽץһֱֱ͹ȳȥ
˵ڶǲб֮ܽʱһҲϹһ֮а
һ㣬ŷϼһидΨһȸΪ˵֣סˣһϼһ׷ʲôȥƴ
һʱ䣬˸Ʋҵ˵һ仰
׿磬ƾ⸱ӣƴù𣿡ʱŷֽϣĿ⿴׿
ԣҲȫ뿴ϣдŨŨѯ֮ɫϼһҲһʱ˿ȫûĹǣֻ׿Ըˡ
˵ǰ׿ݴԪ˧ʱǻ˼׿˼ĻȫҪԼˣƾ׿ָӣǱô
ϾȻ˾ֻˡһʱʲôͶҽֹʵ¾ͶˣκԼĿǣֻˣ˶ôףƷһֻҪ˵ӣͻհ졣
ο׿ĲǾʱ俼ģǾ͸ˡ
ʱǻûι׿һֱĽѩʱҲòҽԼĽϣڲ
ԶǾ£ĵЧֶΣȻԹôũ壿
ؿһۣ룬׿Цһڰֵİɣȥƴڣ£
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ѵλϴʵǰʹֻǾţһëȻԸݵһֱȼˣ
⡭ôܣͬ˰ǿҲܡ
Ǻܿ죬еĲɱɢˡһ뵽ȸССͣܽ˵ʵ׿Ϊĸףʲôܵģ
׿ҡȻԻǳ˰
뵽ŷ׿˱ȭһ׿صÿ湻ģƽʱɽ¶ˮǶûξСܼʶһ´緶ش벻ܽһսʷΪǿԾҹĦҪ˰
һҲǷ׷׿׿澪죬ѵ벻ܽԾɣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ܽãðҲܺͲܽŵĻЩԹ߶ҪΪϹﺦˡ
ĹȲ˼ҼʮΪⱲӵڹˣ
ˣţϾ׿𲻹ʮ꣬׿ǰʵǶ֪ôɡĻȱ˵ܽҪƣҲƣЩ£䵽ĸˡԼãô͸˼Ҳôأ
е˶׿ţĻش𣬱졣ϣЩʣȻ׿ǿֵز˶кô˵ôôʹ졣
Ѿ⼸꾿ʲôôϣܵôأǶӰˣ
һŷҲֱضĿתìܷǳ
׿пⲻܽʵĻôһ޷ʵ׼ѿȥϵģƾˣ
˱ˣˣҪô̬Ļô
ڳһۣȫǴʱеĸӣ׿ȴǲʧЦһҡҡԴĵλƾڵʵ˵ܽ𣬾ǿЩĹԪ۷֣ҲûʲôձʤֻҺȸһʦŵõֶΣΣ֮ʱȫ˻ǿģ
ޡԭˣ
ȻصͷȻͬʱ˿ĽʺޣҲ˲丧ƽ˲١
Ҿ˵ôΪôܴڵô죬Ҳ̫̬ˣԭֶΰѹˣСҲô죬ֻƾѡ
ǱΪÿ̿
رŷλǰǿŽסĲģǵõĪİο׿ȸĶ̶ͳǧŬĶҪƲͷˡ
ھͺˣǿ̿ŵ۷ʵϣ㱣סˣ
࣬ǺˣһָһջبŲĵҪʵǣ͵ÿ̿ܿΪʱֻԼʵʵʵ֪𣿡ʱŷŽѵӵˢһԼܾ֮ĴڸС
̶Щ׿˼Ҳ⡣ǰôͷߣҪչʾһԼݵġ
ŷҲ˳˼΢΢ͷѵʾȴǲмƲ졣˶ʵߣֻ̣Ȼϵ˵ԣɾĿǰ˵ôôû˵أ
෴仰Ǵ׿˵Ļ϶ϴˡ
ݣ
ȻʱһɫӰػǰȸɡֻڵȴ澪֣Żŵر׿ףǡǸϼһ̫ǿˣϢסѾ׷ˣ
ֻǿ׷ˣѾ׷ˣ
ȻĻ䣬һ쳤Хȴ𣬽ĵƿ죬ܽЭͬλӰʱٴγƶ˸ͷ
龰˲ʱһִ󺧣ţȸҲڵһʱ㵽׿󣬿ǰУǼɵ֮ɫ
Ϲˣ
ûôţ׿һ̣Цһǰȥ֣رȭˣּˣ
ǰ׿ϷҲúܿడһ֣¶һЦݣЦħɽǺôͷ鴫ϷˡֻǼˣԴ񽣣ϷҲ־ڱصã֪ɷȫأ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿һۣȴǲмƲƲ죬ĵǺôԣǰˮˮԼھȡԴǲ̫һ㣿Ҫ壬Ҳ˼У̫Ҫ˰ɣ
ԼǶԵ֮˷ſ֮£ǰҾˣֲˣ۾΢΢һУһâһаЦһԼ͵ó汾Ϸ򿴿ǷʸϷԼ
Ŷ𣿺ǺǺǡôǸԼǾʹ˴סɣ
ôôͷ𣿹εûƣ֪֮
뽣ˣ
ȻĴЦ׿ȴһֻ̣ذ˰֣ɢһĻȣֻǾã˶ԼĶϻûʸκʽԼΪ̫ˣ䣡
͵һڿЦݺһȻ׿˫ɱ⡣
ߺߡո׿˵ϷԴû뵽׿Ը󰡣տ֪֮ھֿʼˡڱǰҲԻһϷ·


1082 ǿԾ
䣬쵱һ˦ָŵը죬죬һӿĽವһ׿˷ȥ
ǹǿϢѹʱڳ˶͵ϢһδƤһҪѵĸо˿˿ѪɫҲֹסشƤ˳ƺʱҪһ㡣
ŷλ֣ҲǱգһ˿֮˵϶񽣣һӣȴѹûʲôá
ܽ޵Уָһ
ʵǵǿ򲻿ɵһ죬ֲ˹ˣһ֮£·Ҫĸоȴû˿취
׿ոϷߣףֻϧвϷ׿Ϊ˸ֵΣʱ̣òҲһͳһɣǿɾ̫Ϸʧˣ
龰첻ɴЦǳ֮⡣λһԿţҲֹס¶֮ɫб·ˣ¿Цֹ
ҵڣ³˭ڶ֡ħɽϢܶԸ˽ǰһ߶ѣֵһᣬ
۾΢΢У׿ķݺݶϷ˵ȴЦһÿɷܽ⣬ֻǿ޵СȻûʲôߣܿϧȴƫýд˴ͽһ˳һ£ΰɣ
䣬׿ʱ͵һƣ˵һ죬пռָĿռŵʱ򿪡

ģضɽҡѸ͵ĽҪ䵽ԴʱһֻСɽСצ֮أȻݺһץ㽫һνץצСһź¡֮£ǲܽųһ޿ƥеĽ˲ѳޣɢؼ䡣
ڷգְĳֱϾ죬һȣƬҷХʯɽƿ졣޾˸ڷϯ֮£Ҳǻһѳ㣬ɢ١
ֻգ֮䣬ԭܽŵһƬգ˲䱻Ϯһһֻֻףͷȼһɽڱյľ޴񣬶Ȼǰ
쳤һضɽҡŵȻϯ˷ǧ֮ڣеţ̲סһ׷׹ݼ㣬ȫѣ
ǡǡ
̲ͫסݺһǲܽˣҲǲɴʧɫѲǴ˵еĵޣżޣ׹ѻ
ؿһУλҲȻȫɵסˣƤһΡΡڣ˵ĲǴ˵еǿޣż׹ѻֻһ˴ûû뵽Ȼˣ
ħɽУȻžżޣ̫˼ˣ
ɫһŵĿ⿴·׿㷵żǿ˵֮ˣ˸ǡʷϣҲûǿʤż޵Ĵţ۹ż޻Ĵ˵Ӷࡣֻû뵽ĵޣȻķǲȴ̫˼ˡڣħɽġ
ǣȻڵóӶˡܹż޽ĸǵ֮
ؼǣɲһţȻǸˡǺãҲʱֵĸ֣ѰţڶԵжأ
һˣƻ𼱻ǣæ졣
ǣƺϵҪ˵ʲôƵģ͵һ֣˲Ļһ̣˫ӴΣأ¶һ˷ܵĹâЦǧˣϷѰƥеĶ֣һδܣȴôҲҲ˵ɵħɽΪǣܼ⴫˵еľżһսʵϷ̫ˣ
ڣⲻ޵⣬ؼǽ޵ˡ
㲻˵ˣϷ֪
˰֣ܽϵ˷ܲż޶ܽһиˡΡߵˣϷ򶼻۵壬Σ֪ǵ۹νϷҲ޾ĿսŴﵽյλǿ߳ôãˣϷȻį˶ˣĸоˡħɽжǿжǿ߻׷ɱϷϷ򶼷㵽ףݣϷݣս۷ʱһ㣬ħɽ̫ˣ̫ˣϷ򲻻įˣ
һЦϷܽ׹ѻ񣬴Ӿ˷ܣ˷ܱ㡣
йâһ콣յϣǵâǰܽս⣬һǿƱٴӿ籡
ҲһɲǼ䣬ٴαɫըѣϺ죬ӿâٴ˺ڷ磬ռƬա
λҲ͵УƵòˣºȻǶûǿֹ
ֻΪǰûʹȫԾżޣڿԷһˣ
һһ۷ǰĿ˶ԣܡ
׹ѻˣҲֹסһŵضһֻۣԴɫ˲
˵ʵżޣҲûǿ࣬󣬷׻ࡣ
ܽ鴫޶ηĴڣ
ͬʱŷǿ׹ѻҲȫˣ׿֮ɫ׿㡭ħɽ
ţȿŵģһ£׿Ϸһһޣۺ˵˵ȴǲЩ֮⣡
˵ϳɳأԽˣӵԽ࣬ԽʧȥԽǹءⲻܽͬϣĲϣʱ۷ս˿ĽԼҵûˡ
ˡǺǣѹǲܽˣ
ݵĵһˣȷǿˣ
ת׿һԵϼһ׿УȴǲһεĲм
ʱ˿̣Ǹһ·ģǵĶֶǲܽ𡣵۵ȴܽ
ֻΪǿߣǿĶ֣ǵӣܽȴ˷ܡǿߵ𣬽˶ѣ
ţ׿ħɽʲôط׿Ļŷ˵ľ
Цһ׿û˵ֻǼϷȥ˼ˣȴҲԣ𣬱㲻ˡ
ֻǿ׹ѻľ޴Σ𺧣ͬʱһƬϲɫ
ż򣬾ܽҲҪ˰
С
Ƴһۣ׿ʧЦҡҡͷȻٴξصؿϷ
ʵСǣΪƽʱҲǸصӢֻ֮䣬ѵõǿԾǸԼȴҲ֮顣
ԼȻ赣ģЩǻ䣬¸ûףȼˣкβɣ
һζǿǵǿ֮ģȴ̫ˡ
һˣ׿һգȴǺԼľ·ֿһȴ㣬˫֮Уس˵Ĳϼͷף貶Ŀ
Ǵʱ˿̣˵ĿⶼۼϷսϣȴûһע⵽һ㡣׿ԼҲһĴ


1083 ս
ৣ
콣ǰһڣһؿͷϵĹѻȻֵ׿׿һۣЦ׿ϷҪлл㣬Ϸôö֡Ϸˣȡ׼һᣬԱս֮
轫˺ԺҲһʬռһͻؽǰᣬʬױҰȥģǴཻһɣǺǺǡ
һЦ׿ÿɷ϶Ȼ֮ɫ
ţ˱˴˶һۣȴЦ
ĶԻȴȫȦˣҲһġ
˻жҪ¶Էأȴ·̸һô£
ֵǣǻδеĻոԣƺǷ򼥷ֱ֮档
ֻ˭ɱ˵ģɱ˼ңٰ˼Ұᣬô
ǲܽ˵˿ֲĻȴڳ˶ɶͷԡ
ŷ²⣬׿ѯʵ磬ϼһոԷ𣿡
ȻǣֻǺѺõؽ̸ѣǡϧ
Ѻãϧôûһ㶣ŷԻ
Цҡҡͷ׿̾һĵ뽭֪ʲôн塣νڽɼǶɱöԷǱ˴൱أΪԷ£Ϊ⡣ҲΪɾĶһ£Ҳìܣ
ﲻìˣôأеԻŷԴ벻ס
ŷ˼ȴˣ׿һݣ壬ҵ
ôϵˣ
Ȼ
˴˶һۣЦڽɼ
Цգɫһ࣬ٴ𻰣ֻǿϿսսһһޣûոյػϲãɫȻɢŨŨľ
ʱ˿̣ǿѲԼδһڴ½۷ߣŸ߲սľη
бһۣ׿Ҳ΢΢ͷ˲ݵͷߣϾˡûս֮ģԼǾµĴܳƵأ
⣬žԼһţԼ֮У̤һɡҲͬʥȴ˲ܽһҪԭΪǵģѱ׽ˡ
ڣڴ򿪡
ৣ
֮ϣ׹ѻһֱų磬ǿУ˿ҵȻ͵һȳ򣬱˲򲻰ܽȥצ˺㣬ֱֱԴץȥ
ڣСģ
ף˺
龰λһеȸȴǴһΪԼҳҡźҪǰڲܽܵ۸ͨͨһس

Ƥ΢΢£ܽǽ˶ı۰ݺһᵲǰǾצ͵ץ콣ϣĽ
ǿ·ɽѹ˽ֱܽӲʵֱˣֽ˫ۣǼ߸¡¶ͷأϸܵĺҧгݣ֮ɫ
ǣȴûκκתڱ׹ѻȥ
ûм˼ѵսһʼ·磬λǽŵֱðɫǲ
˷ܣϲһĻҪ˷ܵرˡŷ̲סٴ׿ߣ̾磬ıóҲʡҵǷѾ˲ǣ
øڵϣԭȱ䲻⣬²ܽأû취ֻˣ
ɫƽ׿ڣɻȥܲ˵Ҿ뿴ܾ˰ɣǿǺдġ
Ҳ൱˭֪Ǽ˫ʲôʱ֣˵㣿ж׿жɻ󣬷׿˵ǾˡĻսԲѵ㻹ܱȵλԪ˧
ֻŷǣƺոյһĻȻҲ⽻ս֮£ֻǽϷս۾һ

Ȼһţͳŭ𣬲ܽһһͦأһֱ˵Ӿǵʱֹסˡ
ţܽһһһ췢׹ѻ˶ΣȻǦ㣬ݺ˳ȥڿзĸͷͣ
̧ۿǰ˫ֹס¶֮ɫһ࣬ô
Ǻһˣ仰ŷ಻һгѵ˵ż޶ܿԣǺҲǾżޣ
²һ˻࿴˿ҲǲصԴŷĲ²⡣
Ҳֻ׿ȸ֪ż˵ԭģ׿ǡǺǸµĴڣ޿Աȵã
ֻ׿ҲЩǣܽԾżޣȻһս֮Ҫ֪ż൱ʵο׹ѻɵ֣ʵͬ˵Ҫߵöࡣ
ˣܽȻһսô˵ܽʵȻﵽֻѹţͻƶѣ
˼ţ׿ͻȻиɻ
ʵȻͬô࣬ΪȴһֱѹƣⲻܽʵȥѵΪܱѹ
ʵȻѹͻƳɹȫˡܻٽ£ˡ
Ϊ۴ˣ۵Ҳδȫˣֺȥδӣڷףǡ
ңֿʼôѵֻ˲ܽһţɽв˳ɧꡣԹ֮۴Ҳ϶֪ô࣬ȥأ
ȥʥΪδû˵ʥгֹ֮ˣ
أ׿ƺ滹οѰ۵Ľ磬·𲢷ֻǹѺʥô򵥣

׿˼ţһ쳤ХļУȻƲ񷣬쳹˶ߡ
ƺԸոձһŭˣ׹ѻɷŭ˻һȫƴǣֻСɽĳǺХɽȳɫ磬Ϯȥ
֮ɽǷ飬ʧΪޡڷ·ִݿǽӴȫʴ©
쾪ףʱ˿̣Ҳ´ѡƬգأûΪһƬڰ񷶥˰棬ֻХߣһ㣬ǿֲ
ԱҪѰ죬ɵĽడ
龰λٴδ󾪣Ӷֹס˫Ŀͨضڳֽеĵ¶ɡ
¼ˣгһգý¶ɫΪǿĲܽ¶ġ
ڳ˶ףż޵λµһˣȻҲû˱ʤ֮ˣ
ֻвܽˣΧڷ֮£оâһеĳȴǽ˸ҫը졭


1084 
ףúýѵͷСȸ׿󣬼ֲⷬƣʱҡź˸߲ҡ
ӵ׹ѻһᣬԽҪһ£Ǻһ£˫ᶸȻƿȳɷ𣡡
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ڣ
龰λɫٴδ󺧣̲סгٲ亹ǿƽǵһμмǲܽµһֵĻˣǽʵҲҪ̼ۣ֮ˡ
ڻֻѹٽδӴ磬ǽʱǿֲһĻ¼ڶ
һˣ˸Ӿֵǣ˫ȭŵ߬һָѪԾ
ŷۼ𺳳棬ܽ𶼿군ʷһ̣ȴǼȾ˷ܣ²ؿϷжϲ֮ɫ
Ҳֻ׿ŷ֣ʼնǵȻɫ
ʱ˿̣ǵսѲǹϵ˫ʤһսˣվ˵һһ޵ռ
غһߵݲκȥˡ׿˶ᵽһ㣬ԶԴһսǴ̬ȥģûκƫġ
ֻ뿴ǿľս𺳣Լ۷廹жԶľ룬˶ѣ

ǿѹԽԽֱͣԼϹͷѹýӲ쳣Զֺŵı췢ɹɴĵʹֹסȫ¡
ʮֺеأͷܼĺˮҧأǿţȴĪǷϲĻȣ˫֮и˷ܵĹâ˸˿ûаֿ־͵ӡ
ٺٺ١ˣĸоʹ࣬ûиоˣ
⣬ս⣬Ϸе
һЦȻ쳤һţץһȫȻâʢе콣ҲǺȻըѿ貵â
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ৣ
ǺɫȻϮǰʱֱһĹǱٴҵ쳹ϣǰŵӿ͵һת͵ĽâȺ㣬˲˷ɨȥ
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׹ػΪֻ֮գ۹˱ƵģԲܽΪģֲ׺޾Ĳӿһ㣬޿ؾϯȥЩֲĺɫһױӿֻǽһϢĹˣ㻩˲鿪ɢ١
ӿ׶ʱһУǰڷ񷣬ٴȼɫĹԡֲǿҲھ֮ϲܣʤ赸

ΪһͻȻط׹ѻ˻ȥڿֱֱתʮͷŽֻͣ¶˾֮ɫ
⡭ôܣһ࡭
ž
Ȼľδɢһҵı죬Ͼǵʱըһëһʮţе㽹ζʱƮıӡ
һ£׹ѻӾˣɵɵؿһð̵Ľڵطֻͫһ¶֮ɫ
ôܣȻңһࣿ
ûһ콣ˣǳǺڷ类ȫɢ󣬲ܽһ£
龰Ҳǲɵȫóͣ˼ӣҲؿһУȫסˡ
˵˿ɵеľżޣȻˣһȻе¡
⡭ʵ̫˷˼ˣ
ܹǺڷܿɹ󡣽۾͸ϽӣپˣϾ˼ҿоż谡
û뵽ڲ磬ûһǺǰ޹˺ߣڡ
ܽʵ鰡
뵽λһϲϲˡڣ۳
ǸˣŷȴЩˬˣһγ̾н¶֮ɫ
ôż޶κβͷͷҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ֻ׿ˣҲͬ¶Щ΢֮󣬱ٴεĮǿսĽ

ڴڵشŴܽ𻺻˲ͷϵĺˮЩƣӣȻոһУ̫
ȴǲ޵ǣһ˷ܵЦݣǾżޣս⡣ǶԷ˵ĻƶҪǰһӵˡ
ѽֵܣ˵ôûأ㣬ϷҲô¶˰
м˷ܣ׹ѻȴһ³Ҫ֪׹ѻǾżޣڷһĶֵأôλķǷ֮ˣ¹˭
û뵽ȻһͨγԱȴвʹúܡ
޿ձ֮ϵġͬһȼޣҲŵȣµȺеȣ൱ֵͬ۷壬ϵȵޣͬǿ߸߳һأԸһȼǿˡ
׹ѻǾżޣھżжǸ߸ϵĴڣϵеϵȡټɣȻ֮˰˵˼ʥ⣬ǿΪ඼ѹš
ͻȻһһȵ࣬ˣộԺȦﻹô죿ǻصô棿
״ӣҪҪˣ
뵽׹ѻиߣֻ˶Դֹסҡҡȥ򲻰ܽǳɱ⡣
޿ûôྴ֮飬ϧ֮⣬ѾҶӣҾŪ㣬ô򵥣ԣ
Ȼŭˣŭ𣬾ͲԼˣʱȸСѾͷȴƫƫϽͣеףҪˣСҪȥɽͷ״ȥˡλǲ᲻ó˰ɸֻôõģǲûˣҪǵĻԺ󲻱ˣԼϰɣ
˶ͷ΢΢һ׹ѻ׿һȸľ߾ȴƲƲ죬°̾
ǸʲôˣѧʲôСѾͷô׿һգרץ˶̴˵ץˡ
׹ѻƽû¹˭Ψʥ޶ѡﵱֱ쵼СѾͷҪɿ𼸾䣬Լӻ治ܣ
̵ģСѾͷƬӣ׻˴оô𣿺ߺߣˣĳֻ޶ѣקʲôק
ھȻҽѵˣǰӻϹϾɪɪأھȻɷҲ
ͬΪݣô۾ûֺأޱޣް
³һ׹ѻ뵽ʱƷǳҲҶȸ˭˼Ѿȣɵͷأºܿ죬ѾͷҲˣ
Ǻ׹ѻĮ˫붢˲ܽɱ⡣ǵ鷳


1085 ɱ

ƶ˸׹ѻͷϵԣֻȴԽɱǳطֱָĲܽȥ
ȻܵɱһЦȴ˫ֳֽɢŨŨս⣬ЦһϷڶ
󵨣
ŭһ׹ѻҲ͵һӣȵ࣬ƱȨʵ

Ȼ׹ѻ͵һһ汬֮Ȼͷһֱ˸ŵף͵ɢɢȥǺܿ죬ЩɢĻͣȻؾ£ر׹ѻϡ

һҵĺХ췢һŻҫŴأ׹ѻȫ¾ȻȫȼɫĻ棬ֲϢʱϯ˷׹ѻƣҲ͵ǿʮࡣ
ⲻڳ˶ϢһͣĿȻ֮ɫ
ֻλŷǣҲ¾ǳ׹ѻȻǿˣȴû뵽ǿʵһողܽǿܸ޶ţڿѷ˰ɣ
뵽ŷٴ¶ʤϣɫλȴǸӳüҵһǵؿ򲻰ܽһŽŵٴ
ڡ
Ƥ΢΢˶ֱֱǾȴǲûйྪֻĮ˫ֳֽǰһڣɣ
õ
̲ͫסݺ׹ѻ¸ŭһȻ˫Űķ͵һȣ࣬ʶһ±צ
ݣ
䣬׹ѻȶǷӿ׵ʱֻΡɽ׳צȻץȥ֮죬ȻأŤƺҪռʶڻƵġ
ɫֻ޴צգ֮䣬ȻǰȵδٽȫµԾؿʼ΢΢ŤɱҪȼƵġλµһ˵ĻԪҲסȵĻŰȼա
λ󾪣ŵʲô棬ڵĹܱ߱ըǡ
ɫԽأüͷšһӿʼϲ
ͬʱŷҲֹסţ˫ȭգֻǼԱϹҪ˰ɣ
ֻ׿ˣ·˰㣬ɾͣһԣ
ڶ𣡡
ǻצϮ˫һɫĮ˫ֽųȴû˿η塣
һеĳȫݺݵ˳ȥ
ݣ
ϴһ㣬ӿ֮ƣըѶϡһΣܽһȴһΪϸĽʱɳ˽ˣֱצȥȴķ֣ӳһϸСĽ쾹Ǳȸոƺ㡣һȻӷˣȻ͵ӡ
ǻɻһϸ΢Ľô๦Ƶģ
Ǻܿ죬˱һС
ֻ۵һһâȵֻצݺײһȴǸ˲һ㣬ûз޴ıըôСԴ󣬷·ѻʯһ㣬ôܷҵĳײ
ǽź¡¡ľ޴˷ķֻצڲ˲䱬˿񱩵ףֻ̼ͽֻצǰը飬򣬱ȫûǿ͵֮¡
⻹꣬ؿǵϸСĽצڲȴǸ޷ֹ㣬˿֮ͣоը죬ɲ񷣬ףҲԵֵֺ㱻񱩵û
ǺʱѣֻСɽС׾צ˲û֮Уһצ󣬼ֱֱ׹ѻȥת˲
ôܣ
˫̲ͫסݺһ׹ѻʱʧɫһɫâҲҴ⣬æ̧צݺǰץȥ
¡¡
ǾץµһɲǼ䣬ǵϸСĽâٴαը籼ڴ󺣣಻ϮϹѻǰת۾ͽȫûȥ
ǵĺ֮ڶǵǰֻ׺ڣҲǾ޴Ӱˡ
龰˲ȫȦˣŵؿԺһΪʲô
ΪʲôϼһոյһУûʲôˣȴôֲżޣˣ
ֻ׿˼󣬲ŻȻصͷԭˣѹֽˡȷ۵һ㣬˲ͻƺͷţֲȷһеĽа
û콣˻֮ܽϼһ콣򣬵Ƿ켫ҵȿɱȣ
ͬص˵ͷŷ첻ɳ̾һȻܽ˿񱩵ѹһ㣬ǿĹƿǳ˿ɼܽ𣬵鴫˵۷ڰ
Ҳȫͷǣɫ̹ȻȴǸҲȥ룬ܽӮˣǿɾ顣ΪڵģȻʼ룬Ĵ󾳽ˡ
ৣ
ȻʱһӰ֮У׹ѻȴƾűǿǣҧأӲǳ˳ǰȣʱȴҪǱöˡ
ȫ£ֻϻе΢˸⣬ûǰ£ȫëǽڣĻоż޵ϴڣ
еһУһɵģǿܽ
ݺҧ׹ѻǰ޵Ӷˡһؿǰͷݺųҧгݽ쵰࣬ȻĴʧգηҧ㲻ɣ
һȣ׹ѻʱһ̤ţݺ򲻰ܽȥȻȥǱǹɿ͵ƣȴǱǰ˿
ò˵࣬ʽƣǵǿ˲ֹһԼʽ٣һ˲ܽȫһЩ⣬ڵ⾹ɶûС
ǲܽȫ֣Ǻķ̫ϣȴеߵ˼
޵Ĳ࣬ͻƵĲࡣ޵ǣʵ̫ǿ˵㣬Ȳϣ
ͬҲ㣬λɴʧɫȳڡ
ৣ
ȻǼȥǺݺݰ˰֣ǡ
ٴ̧𣬴ڴǿЩɷ׵ɫȻ壬ֱǰǾ޴Ӱٱƽȴ¶һ˿˷ܵЦݣ૳Ұ۳ҽв֮䡣Уÿֻ֮һȻʤû⡣ǺϷжûлˣΪ˿ɱϷٳѹ׵ΡǺǺǣϷȻʵʹ죬ʹ찡
׹ѻϷҪл㣬˽ϷԸս׵ĸо
һЦ˫ֳֽٴζˣ˫֮Уȣ˷뼤Цݣʽɱ


1086 
ৣ
䣬ܽе콣ʱâʢһܶ˫ҲǽŽȴǺ֣ģһʧһǳڴһ֮ҲйĪӿƺһתƵġ
龰ŷ಻һԴɻףô£ϼһʲô似ô֣¥Ƶģ
˽һ壬˺һ֮׿ȴǲһг̲ס쵱ţ˫⽣ϵ򣬾˳ɾͣ¹֮գеǶ֮
ף׿֣ȻǶˣʲôɵǶģݣûһ֣ż޶
Ҳ˵ݵǶ˵
ŷѯʣ׿üͷһҡҡԴȴֹ˵ˡʵѿԽ򣬵ѵ۷壬ֻǹûûһԱĵͳ
Ļʥ۷֮˳۾ʸ
û׿е۷壬ǵ۾
۾֮ѣɲܳģ˱ĳһ̶ȣͳﵽعͨС
ܶʥ۷ֻʵˣȴһֱ޷ͳ򵽼£Ҳûʸ񡣶ܽǡǡ෴ͳȻгɣȴδֻ̣֮ʱѣ
ʮȻռλһ䣬ôе۾֮ʣҲ޷ɾ͵λطʳ˵ǿ֣̫࣬Աƽ֮
ⲻܽܳƵۣҲҪΪۼ²УǶںѵһ㣬һͬ׿
Ҳŵ۾ߵˣƽľ׼۾⣬Ҫ׼ս۾֣λСֻǲ֪ʥĵ۾֣мλǷпȱأʮʧʥû˵˵ˡ
ֻʱ׼ŶѣδսŵͷȻֱɡ
뵽׿ǲܽӰȴǸ־⡣ÿһлᵽ۾ˣܿɹģֻǽʱǷ㣬Ͳɶ֪ˡ
ŷ˿һУҲֹסݾ죬ǶģȻᵽܽ㾳ĿɹǼĿתȥ

Я磬׹ѻķŭȻӭײŷ֮צʱԴݺץȥƺһצ֮£ҪץѪƵġ
ͫһƿպХһֱץ˫ڶˡֻһתӶӺ֣ǴžըѣݵһնһɫĽâֱ׹ѻǼצȥ
龰׹ѻʱЦϼһ̫ѵĽڱǰƨûУϴĽǱץģڻֱ
ۣ
ȻĻδ䣬һǶ÷űѪռʣѪС㣬Ӿ֮
׹ѻҲһͣ״סˣȻӲԴ¿ȥȴأͫݺһʧɫ
ôᡭ
ʱ˿̣ǰХ죬ݵצȫʧˡֻ羵һƽѪ⣬ܲпظһʵ
һֻצӣȻոյǵ˲ˡ
£ȫ±ˣ
ô뵽ż޵ǣôᱻһ²УôܣҪ֪˵Ľֲûӹոӿ׽ϣûôôͨͨһ͵ʱȥһأ
⡭ʵ̫ˣ
һʱ䣬׹ѻУȫˣֻССļУԻ֮ɫ
ǱǵޣҲͣʮʲôö㣬ʲôö㡣Ŀǰ˸ǰѽ潻⣬ױʥ˵ҲšĹʥӶĽҲܡôᡭ
һ㣬ζ벻ͨ
ƺɻ󣬰ȴһЦһתһת˲Ľ˲仮һߵһȳ
ৣ
ոһѪˮ죬壬Ǿ޴һչչˤȥ׹ѻȫˣľľͣڿУȫɵˡ
ôᡭ
ߺߺߡϷΪɱһɱ֮⣡
ЦЦһ֣ʱ¶ɭȻϷǰǺϷһնɱ¡Ҫ֪Ϸ⽣콣һ죬ʲôģ
һ𣬰һתȦʱ˫ֳֽ˫ͫɣҲȫֳ׹ѻмǸԴǺݺһն£
ȵȡ
ݣ
Ǿ֮ɫ׹ѻæƺҪģǲܽ޿ƥеһâȻݺݻȥ
ʱ䣬âǸ£˲仮Сɽֱʷȥ׹ѻһͣȫΡ
һ̣һǾ޴ӾǴмһΪ¡¡ˤ˵ϣһ㣬𶯴һϡ
ֵֻ۾ȴȻȫû⣬ͷϵҲǺһ£ȫˣҲûһ˿¡
ⳡǿǿ뷲ǿ޵۷һսĻֻ˶û뵽ǣӮû࣡
ŵؿһУڳ˶Ȼɵסˣŷ˻࿴˿Ҫ޵ĳ嶯ľ֮ɫ
żޣ׿ֶζˣ־Ȼûô죬Ǿ͵
λһ˷֮ɫϲãԸӣ
ھȻһ֮նɱ˾żޣʵ̫˰һܽͷɸʵ飬ֻǿУǷ޽磬Ҳڶ֡
⣬Ĳܽ޵еĴڣ
ֻ׿ˣһս̬ȣûôףֻǿ׾޴ʬ¸ӳࡣ
ǲΪԼ˳أΪδսء
⣬۷ĴڣҲһֱĿꡣ׿ؿһۿеĲܽɫҲǺ
ܽ𣬷۷壬벻˾ܽڷ˵زﵽ㾳󣬱൱˵۾ʸ
ԼҪƵۣôڻصʥ֮ǰͱҪﵽ˾粻ɡԪ£ǿԼʲôʸصʥսϣ
뵽׿һǲܽͦεӰػһаĻȡ
ܽ𡭡սڷĶ֣ҳԽһ̣뿪֮ʱϣʱ㻹ڷװɣҾṳ̂ˣǺǺǡ

ȫ֪ԼȻ׿ϣڴڴŴɫ԰һƬȴǱǰԽࡣ
ѹ׵һʹķѾ޴һǵһôءȻڣҰ׵ϣȻ㡣
ţֿ·׿شЦ׿лĴս֮Ϸս൱ʹ졣ܿϧӮϷ㣬ǰԼϷȡ׼ˣ
˵ţǳһֱֱָ׿ǻЦݣλҲɵߣ˵ǵ
ôķڷ˰ɣߺߡ


1087 Ϯ
²һ̲סһɫأΡΡ˵
ֻٴϣؿ׿нǿ֮ɫ·ˮ֮˿һݰ㣬г˾֣һ˿дϣĹâ档
磬
ɫƽ׿û˵ֻǳֻ̧˰ƣȻͣ˿Ŵҡ
žžž
ŷҲǾվߣɫ£ƺȫ˼һȫ޻֮С
üͷ΢΢һܽؿȴĿɻ󣬲ԡ
ˣ̫ˣʵӦõлģ²Ŷԣ
İͣ£׿Цһлǿһ亱ǿ߶ԾҲߵǿߣѿδĿ꣬ڴл
˵ţ׿ǻһϹŷˣҲǸ΢΢ɫֿͬ
ݲһλ龰׷¶ã񣬱˴˿һۣ֪ԡ׿ģˣʲôУ
ŷҲȫɵסˣæ˵׿磬ϵڸʲôɱǵģǻϹʲôڻǸϽһ룬ʲô취ɣҵϡ
࣬㲻
Ȼ䣬ŷޱĬĬסڽɼ֮ĶԹǽ£ΪһߣһȴǶǿߵ𾴡ǽ޷׶ԹôҲԶ޷̤۷֮ˣ
ǰǰǾڽϲ̫ãһֱ׷ֱ׿ǲŴ󳹴ڽ֮Уȴڽ֮⣬ǰ̫ˣ
ԣĽҲɵó̾Ȼ˱뿴׿۵ľ֮ɫ
ͬΪߣһֱãȴЩϼһѹˣǲ
ؿһۣŷ໹⣬ʱȴһ
Ϊʱ˿̣ܽƺҲͬܣɫ쳣ׯ£·˵е¶ƽ֮⣬·ȻΪԵȴڡ
Ҫʱ򣬿ǾԲᷢġ
ܽµһ֣ͨԣ˭ܸƽƽһΣȴԸƽӴ֮һ㣬Īˡ
սܽׯصһȭȳϷݺ£֪ȴһˣϷˣߡ׿ᣬȴ꣬˾壬Ϸ򶼹Ŀ࿴ǿϧͬ򣬵ȴ⽭֮УϷ򲻵ѣҪȡ˸λ׼ر׿ϷܷŹ׿ʶϷңʹ˱ɡ
˵ţ쳤³һƺЩϧǺܿ˫âһ¶˾ģֱֱ׿ָȥɱ⣬ױȵͷųʱضΪ֮ϡ
龰ŷ඼޳ˡ
ոΪ׿ڸܽƣʶӢӢۣôͶԵɴԻɡǰֵӣƺҲܳһס
ôһգ۵Ĺ򣬾ֽأ
׿ְһŸƶˣǻʲô취֪˵ĻղžͲöôάҲӲڣǶֶʲô̲ţ
֪Щߣ黳أǹ˽ԹԹڶֵľҲΪԹƫġ
Ļ˽޷϶ֵǿôԼҲԶǿȥΪǿʣѾԼǻ谵ûˡ
˵򵥣ȴ
׿ˣ׿ǣͷ£ŷҲ󣬲ܽŻằе¶֮⡣ͬʱ׿ҲӿأеɱҲ
ΪѿǸһɳһ죬Ҳ־ĴڣδĶ֣
Ȼһֱһֵĳ֣Ǳɣȴֿ־ˣҪû
֮ìܣ۷ĲܽҲԱ⣡
Ƥ΢΢˶ܽĳ̧𣬵Ĵ·ĸ質Ҫе˶
ŷˣȻˣʱ˿̾η֮ģ̧гֱָ񷣡
ֻΪڳѲΪ˽ԹҲΪΣΪ۷սΪԼĵĶ
ḷ́޾ηΪУһжȻˣ
һʱڳ۷ǿǣչʾԼеʵλҲָоŷ˼ֽȻˣĪ⡣·ؼһ߾ۼ͸ǰһ㡣
ǵĵġһ¥ˡ
뵽λºȻͬʱüͷһһ˴˴ǻδʵǣ½ʱλںͽ֮䣬Ҳδزܰ
ǡ̫鷳ˣǡ
ŷǣȻǸܲ˵䣬ֱð亹˻ߣôܴùأ
˰ء
ţ
ǣⳡʵĴսǰ׿ȴǺһ̧֣ȳˣȰ㻹ǲҪ󶯸ɸ꣬°ɣ
ôˣ
ǺǺǡҲ£ǲᣡ
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿ɳ̾ĳҲں۸ոմһսҲŷ֣Ҫִܵĵ֡ڵʵû취쵽㳤꣬ʱ䵽ˣԻԵսڡһҪ
һ㶣ؿһۣȴشЦ׿⻰˵ϷѽⰡʵھͿҪϷαصԺûʵ̸ֺҪϷϷὫԺϷ鷳
ˣһ㶼ìܣ
Цһ׿ҪǱսƽźδ뽣˺һս뽣˱Щһãպɹƽʤ߽ħɽǴ˵أ
˫̲ͫסݺݶ˶ܽɴʧɫħɽ㲻ħɽôҪȥ
ʵħɽʵѻزȥˣ
ʧЦҡҡԴԼϿɵĶ֣׿Ҳ㳨ˣʵ˵ĺСҽħɽ֪ʲôǿ硣ˣ֮ϡȻ츳ܳԽȴҲû٣ֻһƱѡҾս֮գƱ֮ʱҲҰܱҲֻ֤ûʸٻȥˣһȥɣ
ӲɵúݺһسϣԾ
ˣɸæڣСںԣһ˵Լħɽһ˵ԼزȥˣĸɽŻԼӻزȥģԾдʣ֪·ӣթǵģǧϵ
һͫһֺݺݵ׿ŵ⣬ȴԾ
ħɽǸǿֵĵط𣿡
ǿǿ΢΢˵ͷ׿죬ɫ磬ƺڻʲôƵģǿ˵ڵʵֻɽ¶ѡϢ˵ǺǺǡûħɽﶼɡﵹһɽ裬ֻһó½˾Ҫ̻ҷˣ뿴𣿡
̲סһ𣬰ݺݶƤȴĬ˵һ
ȻʱŵŨ𣬿ĺϣһɹɺȴݴ˰ߡ


1088 ɽ
ڣСӾͻŪ飡
ٴ˼УƲɸæȰ˵Ȼ˵ħɽ˿£Ϊǻ㲽ΪӪӳУʦų߶ûɳ̫ˡĸţڵһ˶ģҲиϵİɣڣȻȴһ㿴Χ˭ڱǣ
˵ûħɽط
ӦûУ˵УҲû˵ôʣ
ݺݵ˵ԴһᶨؿŰ죬ߺߵ߽Ҳǧˣϴǿڡ۷֪˭ֻ֪أɵǣħɽĴ˵СӳֺеġħɽĵӣǧҲֻ֪СһˣѵҪǵǧΪֻһˣ¶ԣһĻԣСԴװǻƣŪкܣԱ֤Լжȫ
üͷܽ˼ãɫҲһֱţݺݶ·׿кɸ
ǰ׿Ϊħɽôֻ꣬һ˳֣ڲƭϷ𣿡
һ޺𣬲ܽŭĿӣȫƱǣɱ⣬ֹסɢ
ҡҡͷ׿һۣȴǳ̾Լ䣬ɫƽȻ˲ԣһսǲɱˡֻǽδ˺õһھͼʵвᣡˣҲֻˣ
ɢϧ֮ɫ׿˫ͬʱֲָҲֹסɢ
龰׿ͲܽҪˣҲֹס㷣ŵ߬ȭͷ϶亹
ʵڲ֪Ӻе׿мɰգԸµһְֻƵĻ㳹ˡ
ܵ˿ϤȶȣܽȴǲЦһԿϢôǸŮûⶫϷɲã
ûȷϢֻҵĺȸȴͬ˿ɲҪͬնﰡһЦ׿ÿɷŵĹâ
ƭңǺݼߺߣ
ͷſ׿һ飬˿ֲκװܽ°ЦгǸ߸߾
ʱ˿̣Ȼ϶׿ڻҲûκɣҪˡ
֪֮Էֲ׿κΪ׿˵һжģ׿š
ֻҪҳֱ֣Ӿʧ٣
Ա߹ͷʦȰ˵ԥʮؾͽȫ֮У׼һ¡
׿ǽָеȹâҲǽɢ׼ʱӳ
أȻ䣬һһͷΪҪʤĴսϾҪʼ˲ͻĻ
۵ȫϢһ֮˿Գܵ˵ģǲܽҲһ

Ȼڴʱһ紵ڳˣԽԽ󣬷ণ麮ϢϮڳˣܽŷ֣ˢˢһ䲻ĺ䡣
䰡
²һݣһ˴˶һۣĪǿǽĸ֣Ѻ֣ôᱻһͶôأ̫Ī˰ɡ
ǲܽ𣬸üн㯣׼ֵһͣ
ˣˣ
ֻŷ죬˫ͫһɣոյȻɫ˲ϢȫȻֻ޾ľֹϣӻֹסز
һ㶣ˢˢؿȴ淺ɻλݵһ֣ܽĿ־嶼˷ˣô¶㾪֮ɫ
ѵ˵ʲôµĶȲܽӿֲ
ŷؿϵһۣҲĪʵϵ˵˭ˣ

Ȼڣ𣬷졢졢졢İ񽣣Խ·˷ܣַ·ս߰ǲƵʣҪֽ˵ѳȥˡ
̲ͫסһûмԼִֵΥߵİ죬ɵʱ󺧳ʲô£Ƕҵ콣ʲô
콣ܶ콣ʲôأͬ˫ֳֽݺѹԼ콣ŷ죬η۶ˣǸˣ
˭ȡ
üͷ̲סŷת׿һ±ߺŨϮܿ뵽ڵؽ磬֮ԱŨɣ̵ĽҲͣ쳹Ƕϣֻ֮䣬һĵǽ˺ı˪ڵŨȴ·Զɲ㣬ϵǰϮš
ˣƽʱзػﲻϮڽƣﾹȻ˲½ˣǺã
ԣҲ漴ǱȥȴҲɫ䣬󺧳ֻвܽһˣ¶˷ܹâЦʢ⣬Ϸһˡֻǲ֪⺣żޣ׹ѻΣ
ɵƣ˼һָͷ㣬·
η۶֪ϸ׿Ƴһۣ¸̡ҲͬŨɢ֮оâڣȸһۣͷһ̤ʱǺȥ
캣ˣ
׿ɣŷһʧɫɸæг׿ŮĻһ˽ȥ
ת׿һۣܽҲǽһɣ׿ȥգ۲Ӱ
ڣһæȳԲܽԣĻǵģ
ǺವһܽӰҲʱǺˣֱֻţüͷһ
Ƹ磬ô죿
˽Űƣϡ
üͷ˼ãҲǺݺһţŲܽӰȥڣԴ
ǣ
ҲͷתʧǺ֮С
ֻŷˣ࿴˿˲סˡǵĵ˶ˣǸøʲôأ
һʱ䣬ʧȥĿ꣬סˣ֪롣
ŷо飬ǺɵٶȣæŤͷ˵ǻŸʲô·ҪǱˣͳˡ
ʲô׿֡
׿ҪĿ⺣รɣɳ̾һŷٿŷǵߣϷ÷콣ȥڵٶȣܿҲᱻ˵ģ⺣Ŀֲǲܽ޷Ტ۵ģǾ󣬿ߡ
䣬ŷҲʱһ̤ţ֮Ǻȥ
ףŷһȣ潹ȴȻˣŷԶȥ
ĽҶ˿һۣҲǱ˴˶ӺһͷҲŷ˹ȥȥŷһ֮ǿߣ
磡ĽѩһȣҲûˣֳŨī֮УӰ
һУ˻࿴ݳأջһҧͷղؼ·ˡ
ǲЩǰĿģ
һ棬׿˴֮һոµ磬һƬѩ֮ء
⡭Ǳɽˣعһڰ׿ɫһ࣬


1089 캣
ܣֻ˷ǲ٣ѩ壬׳ȸЩ÷ϵı۰򣬿׿ףǺڵĽ磬ɽ
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ĻζҲġ
˵Ǹ̸еûᣬһˡ


1090 

ɽ±ߣһֻʮɣȫīзľ񣬹ڵءͷһɫĻ棬˸ɢĹâȴǻɡ
ǰһθߴĺӣԼָûأһȴʥ֮ף̬
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̲ͫסһȸһԾҪ׿ǰȴӸһɴһϣʱ㽫ɳǧ⡣

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ȸֱţһתȴĳҸᣬѡһǲСڣ룬˭˭ѡһɣ


1091 ѡ
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һ쳹ѩɽʼѣݱ٣綼Ϊ֮𶯡һֻµĶħҪ˼Ƶġ
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һؼ𶯸ƺռ䶼Ҫ˰㣬һĩյľüǰ춼ɵ˲亹ؽ
һ棬֮⣬ŷ졢ĽҺϹٷˣֳ񽣣ɢâںݺݵǺֹǰƶֺ
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Ǻģź¡һ죬ʱ͵رѿǿĳر㽫ɳȥѪֹס³ɫٴɷֻҲǶѷɳ֣˲㱻Ũϯ˽ȥ
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󺰣ϧȻˣޣ˴ʱӣҲ׷ȥֻƾǳ˺֮⣬¡һҽ߷ڣǰһڣ׻˹ȥ


1092 ʳ
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ڲͣز£Ҳ˫ֽץ񽣲ţز쿴˷ĶһĸǰδеĽš
·һνɭִԣҰ޶ƵģǹΣصĸоȻûˡǴʱ˿̣⺣ȴǸΣյϢֹס㷣˷ܣֽţȴֿϲġ
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һֻСС͵Ǳ֮´ܳǼӲǣɢڶĿĺ⡣ϵƤ壬ڲɫۼ֮Сɽֻͫһֻɢǳɫڹ⻪һֻȴǱȽ֮ͫ䣬ʮһѺۣȻ֡һͫףƺȻʧˡ
⣬žǵ꽣۵Ľˣ

͵ݺһͦΡɽ㣬أ졣캣ֲƶȻϯ񷣬ǰҲֹסһ˲еԼСƵģȫˡ
⣬Ǻİ
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ܽһƷǷǺȴ۶ûһۣܶıǿĺգۻ
ܽǿԵӰʱһײˡ
һһ龧Ө͸ıڵأִܽ콣ɫ䣬ȴԶ棬һ˿Ϣ콣⺮Ľʴ֮£Ҳǻͣ˲û졣

糿ĺģԺл죬λ龰״סˡţһɷ׵ؿǺ޴ͷ­ȫɵˡ
ǵڣܽ𣬾Ȼһжû˼һϢ͸ɵˣ⡭辿ʲôﰡ
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డ࣬డ
΢΢һ̣¶һЦݣЩҡͷԣЦӲ޳ܵ壬ǰɪôˣ˵øһʵǶģϷģ
һŭȣʱһں͵һ硣
λ󾪣æҪܣǻһָǺ˲仮ʱҲ˵ȫûϢ
Ȼ䣬׿ڣĳ񣬶³ƺܿͺǰһײˡ
ؿһУȸ㷣
бһۣһЦС׻ˣ˰ɣڣѡҪุףֳ
ͨһٴ뺣УȤָŽӲ׿ͻԵĹͨļЦ
ڶǰȸҿѡгϣ૳Ǹ׵Ļһѡ磬ΪξΪĻø׷գѡ񣿡
ٺٺ١ˣ
Цһȸţҧص඼Ǳ壬޳֮ͽ˸ոѾϣֻҪǶѡˣʲôɲأֻĹߣУҪΪȫֵð
ĬȸٴγĬ˵ˣ˼ãһͷˣѡˣɣ
Ͷˣ಻ţǾͶˡ

ЦȸȴǻҡҡͷɫᶨѡŸ׻ѡ磬Ҳøʧ
֨
ĴЦһͣؿȸţ૵˵ࣿ
࣬Ÿף
Ǽ㣬ȸһ˦ֵѡɣҺ͸׹ͬԸ׼֪֮ˣҲһοġ򣬾׼ĸΪʧʱ֪Լ绻һھһ
ƨôھΣ
ݺһ֣ȸȴһָӣȵѡˣ㻹֣ѵҪʧŲɣ˵ⲻãǲãԼʧˣ񲻸ʥ޶
۾΢΢һУؿȸһۣȴǶʱһ죬¶ɭ׵ЦݣԴãļóˣС׻ˣ͡˵ֵزˣϷٲհĻɾ͡
أ
Ȼ䣬ȴǵʱЦһſڣ¡һ±㽫һҧ飬ֱһԴ̵˶
ǲ֮ϣȴСھš
һڡСӳˣ
龰ȸһ𣬳״סˡ


1093 ׵ķŭ
Ƥ̲סݺͣȸ˫죬ۿ֮ˮڴȦתֱֱָָһЦĺ촽㡭ƭң㡭Ȼˣ绹
СѾͷƬӣָϷ£Σ
һĴЦ캣ôб·Снǳ֮ɫƺʮܿ¶ӡ
Ƥֹסس鶯ţȸȴί
Ϊ˰СӾȻǸŮǧ࣬ɽˮ׸ΪԼ⺣ⶳסˡԼҲ⺣̬Ū£żѵѡ
ǵò¶ʱȴǺȻ֣ѡһʼǶԷϷŪûκá͸סϷˣˣ
һˣȸӷ죬޵ҧгݣ˵ˣҡ䵱֮ʥޣ
ϷǳˣˣôЩϷϷ򲻹Ա֮ʩкβף
Һ粻࡭
մȾ̫ۻ࣬࣡
ȸһȣȴһ䣬ɭ䣬³ɱ⣺Ϸǰ˵ˣմȾϢʥޣѾʥˡ㣬룬ǸԸϵǸุףͨͨࡣϷûܻ뿪ġ㡭Ҳһ

һȣʱ͵һϢһɭİػһ磬Ȼ·ȸϮȥգۼ
龰ȸ´󺧣ȫסˡ
Է캣ľһδ޵ֿ֮ǸŮˣսȫûһܻųȥ

δǱĺ˪ǻ˵졣
ȸ磬в۵ǲ˾֮ɫ
ǸˣףεȸûɡȲˣҲȲˣԼҲѱ
ף磬ɣ
˫ȸǳ׷˻ȥϣֻ㻺£ȴ̺ĵĲʣ
ؿһУҪǰһɲǣɢŲ̬ļЦʵɣС׻ˣһʼҾûҪʲôϷֻˣˣٽŪ˶ѡܱǸոϷǲϣͶˣϷͰȥΪǵϣ״ƺ󣬾ȥ

һĺУȸڲʵźеί糱ˮӿứ¡
аޣ⺣թȻһʼûŹǣΪһѡĥĸסֳһȥһʩȺ󣬲ŷָûõ£еܡ
ˣһʼͽһµظΪãǻʹ졣ڣȸ˵ȴ޾ĥ
ȸĺ˺ѷΣ쳹ȴЦŸӲ̬ƺͰһ㡣Ǻķ籩ҲȸǰֻһϢ򣬾ܳҲɥʧϢԶˡ

ȻڴʱһȻһڵĳɢɫ棬ȴǶȻһ͵شֱֱܳȸ˲䵲ǰ

쫷ݺݳȸȴǵʱײǽ֮ϡһڵľ췢ǰһ㣬쫷绮ͬǹɺֻɲ֮䣬رը˵뵵աȸӰҲİ֮УӰ
֨
첡̬ĿЦһͣͣһ˫ɵ΢΢ȴɫһ׿Ũ֮вʱ˿˿֮ɫ
ܿ죬ƬɢȸǽСɰȻֻǰȴǾͣһڵĳϵɫ棬ɢǷ캣ҲеֲϢ
ʲôˣ⽣Ķģ
˫̲ͫסһ캣һɫҲȸȴؿϤĽУٴϣ֮ɫ૳ס
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һϤӰ̤ǵм߳ȸߣһ֣ǺڽУǻһȻĻȣȸոίˣ°ɣɣ
ף
ǰһȸϲгû£
ܣҷ캣ԷӡôôƷ⣿캣һУҲ̲סһ¡һ˫צںϣ˲һ籩꣬ŵŭ
û׿Ʒˣһûһվ˷캣ǰȻ΢ЦĻȣһ˫ȴǱñࡣ
ǰɽѾˡҪɱ࣬־⡣ҪȸѡҲѾѡˡһСﰴָʾȫȴһŴŮģȴ̫ˣ
Σ̫ƻˡ˵ʲôϷӡıˣô֪飿˫ͫһݺݶ׿ȳ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡׻壬ҿûôסⶼҪؼ֮ǰһУ̫ʧˣҼȸŪˡ

ֻǡ
ıɱֹס׿һӣֱָ캣˶ԴֻŭһλĸףŮίҶӵ㶼Ҫ
Ƥɵúݺһ캣ؿһۣȴشЦЦлζϷ򻹻ȥƾ𣿾ӳϷӡΣԸЩϣϷ֮һĹмʹΪܰϷ
Ҳֻ֪Ϸˣ֣ҲҪƵģЩˣǺǰ㣬ҲŪõģ
оâһ׿ʱһһ̤Ȼ캣ŷȥǰܽһģһ
ֻΨһͬǣǿ۷ʥսǣ׿
龰ȸɴ󾪣ףСģ
ûлػ׿ֻмᶨһǰĶ־
ߺߣСĸƨϡֻƾеĶֲҪСģϷСӣ㻹ûʸޣ

мƲƲ죬һڱ׿͵һ磬㻯ݺ׿ײȥҪǰһ㣬⣬ϱǻΪ³
ȸˣҲֹסһᵽɤ۶Ϊ׿һǣ
䣡
ǣ׿Դȴƺ˿Ϊ⣬ȫûҪ㿪˼һ޾ĺǺݺײϡ
Уˣ
ЦһмƲƲ졣ǻ¶ĵĻȣټȸ䣬һ죬һӰȻǵд˳ңȫ£ȻȫڵŨīĺɫŰ


1094 
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˫ͫ͵غݺһһУǷ캣Ҳ̲סһķ֮ûס˵鷢
֪ʥ֮֮ϵƾһʥ޵ķӡ֮ôЧ
Ҳ˵׿ȫ޷Ͼ˹ôȻ׿ȼߣ˼ҺֻҪ΢ӴһЩ׿ԸĻҪӡʵҲѲ˶¡
һʼ׿оâһ˿̤ٴμӿٶȣͷȥ
֪Ժ۷ĴڣΨһһ˿ʤ㣬Ǻӡֻаס֮ӣڹؼʱ򣬸Էһһսʤϣ
Ļںϡϡܷ죿
۾΢΢һУ׿Լ䣬ˢˢˢ̤ٶȶת˲㻮ӡ
龰˰ӺȴһЦ΢΢ͷ¶аЦݣٺٺ١˼Ĳ򵥣Ϸķӡ֮ĪκΡСӣжֺףԽϷķӡ֮ȼմ

һڳ캣ٴ׿ķŭһһױȵĲãݰ׿Դ¡
ʱ䣬·һ㣬¡¡һ죬ɱգƹһ৵һ±
ŨĻĺȾʮϰٹࡣﻹǺɽ˰
׿ڵ׼ٶ࣬⺮֮£ûˣղеʮ֮һʱһݽߣҪ⺮Ҳˡ
ǰƷΪӣκȻѲٸĻˣ
Ƥɵúݺݶ˶׿һݣȫװٶȲۼϱҪײϵǽݺһҧͫеٴιȼգͫеĽȴǺĳ
ͫڶأƿգ
ৣ
һֱֱֻ֮׿źһһɫȻֱȥ˲ͻŨĺ֮Уʱһһ˴Сͨ׿ҲǸæȥ׺ں档һԵĺʱǰȼյĺף˲佫ջʧ١
Ǻ㣬׿ҧŨĺд
ֻ⺮ʵ̫ʱ׶ݽˣ׿ȴɺݺתͫͣ͵ؽͫȻΪ̫ѪҲںֻΪڴں֮УһͣͣҲȥˡ
֮䣬ݲһи
龰ȸȴ޷ԺĶ֣û취ĸӦС
һУҲǺüͷһ淺죺ССôôϤأǰ
üͷţһ֮ɫ

Ȼʱһأ÷һڵǴǺĺƲͻƳһɳ졣׿Ҳ棬˳ǺˮͫеѪˮֻһϵĺףȫΪޡ
ǣ׿ȴ˲һ㣬Ϸɱ
ʱ˿̣Ȼ˺ŸһĿĵأԴˡƿսһʤĵط
뵽׿ͫһȻЩߵƣһ̤ţǰ
ްɹȸҲǳ
ˣۣ۵Ŀͫ
Ȼڴʱһŭȴǵʱ𣬺׿ҲǸɱ⣺㡭۵ˣϷ򲻻Źģ𣡡
һŭ𣬺ϢǺȻ˦Сɽצݺ׿ϸСȥ޾ķŭɱ⣬˫ͫѪ϶ϷһӣʣϷȻ۴ˣô͹ԹɡϷһң֮أ𣡡

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̲ס󺧣׿һĸӳ
⻹ֻʥķѹѣѾҪһǿ͵צԼʱĳɷ飿
ͷϵ亹ð׿üͷһȸ·ţҲǼֱţȴΪֻܰӸˡ
̧ۿ˿Ϸ׿ʱȻӸԴҲǧ׶ѣˣ
ͫһɣ׿ͫУٴһ䣬ʱһɫĹ⻷ԡ
ৣ
ͬʱ͵һצȻˡǾݺݻ׿ʱȴǺһ£ˡ׿ӰһɲǼ䣬ʱʧٴγʱȻ˺˶ͷ­ǰģ֪ΪΣȴ¶һаЦݡ
ͫһأλλ
˫̲ͫסһɴгԣȻŭͷԣ˿ûз׿Ĺ죬ֻһֻõͫ͵һɣһȻƵĹâȻɢߣСӣΪпռƶϷκβˡĿͫ۱ǲʮǧأռ
ˡ
䣬һεĿռ䲨ڿе׿Χһεǽڣȫ档λλҲϵȻܡ
ʱ˿̣νˣǲһĻȣһֻԵϣĦš
׿ʲôͼСץסˣʱЦЦȴǰ޾ı㻹ܣΪܵõĶȥϷǰϷһëޣСӣΪ۵һ㴫УϷǰ𣿸ո֮ĴҴܣΪϷмԴڣ֪ëĹϵϷɾͲˣ
ۣ⹷ģϷκβ㣬վĴ˿ԽϷͷ֮ޣ˵ţ쳤ХһͨűһſǾ޴ͣ͵У޷ٶ׿ҧȥСӣϷͽС˺ʦҺΣ
һȣҸ׸ûϵ㲻Ҫ˺ˣ
ȸɵʱ󾪣ȳǺȻܲô࣬˼棬ۺ죬ֻ뽫СӳˣԽͷ֮ޣĻô͡Դô࣬ҪŪģûһԩ
ף
ȸֿ׿г
ǣ׿ԴȴǸΪ⣬һֻֻǲͣĦǽָϵĹԣۼúѪԽԽǵа컡ȣȴԽԽˡ
캣İܱȫΪԴɵģ
ʲô
һ㶣ƺû㣬һֻɺͣЪǰҧȥ
зâ׿ǵа컡ֵ˶ĳ˵лôһĺûᣬ㡭ˣ
ৣ
䣬׿ʱһ֣һֻλ̫һȵĻ򣬱㶸ȻУɢֲϢ


1095 ǿ
ʲô⡭ǡ
޴˫ֹͫסݺһ캣ʱϢһͣ澪֣̲סȫһϢΪʲôΪʲô㣬һ۴ˣ
ǺǺǡ۴ˣȻôҡ۴˺ѧ۾ѧ֮ˣġҴӦ£Ȼӻҡո˵ģǶһЩ֮ͽûôߡô
аĹâ׿Ϣ΢׼׳
龰Ӵ󺧣æһҪˣסͣһǼȵȣлǧ𡭡
һ̸ҪڶԵ£õ龳̫ǿˣһ׿ɲĻ֮ƣòôһܹŹ
Ǻݺһ˦׿޷˵ؽϢݺݶ˳ȥнǵâ˸ȳǸǰллոչҶӺŮˣ˵һ䣬ǰҴʺã㣬屶ǺǺǡ
ࣣ֨
Ϣ͵ײǽڣһ̶ûͣͣؽǽ忪ݺݵ˺ҪϣȴȻϵľ޿֮С
䣡
ʱ䣬׹ػ𣬻ɽŷ˺Х
Ǿȫ֮Ϣ˺˲䱬ҵĻŷգ۹ɨķֲʱеı˲ϢڻˮգڣΪɢ֮䡣
Ҳȵײ£˲飬ΪмӰȵһ·ᴩڸ䣬ĸƢ̵ҽ֮Уһơ
ֱյӸŵѪ֮ϣֱ񷻯ΪһƬɵѪɫ
Լֵ̼֮Ѫֹס¶ԭȻɫҲ䣬һ±Ұȫµۼ׶һƬҪڻƵġ
˵׿ոһ£ֻһ㣬̼Ҫ˺
Ͼ涼ʵµľ֣ȫһҲ׵ֵǣڵȴȫһҪ⡣˵ƴһҲܰѺ˳
ֻΪǶˣǱ˴ӵĶ֣һսȻ֣ԴһжСΪϣԷɳ֮
׿ȴǰˣСȻԼ㱩¶ˣ˼ҴⲻûȤô
Ҫ֪ʲôⲿٸǿղ֮ڲҲҪⲿöࡣԺӲȫһҲֻһƤˣǱ˼þйڣɾֲͬնˣҪ
عͷ˵ҲֺܹУ׿ʵںԱҲ˲һë˭뵽ȫһϢأĻ൱ͣһ絽ڣɶ
ʵУ־սҲܹԼĵط˼ң˼ȫְɣⲻ
ԣ׿һ£ǴʩһоͽˣҲ׿ƺõġ
һʼóϢһãϣҲֶֻѡûãἤŭͷҰޡ
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׿ǴϢģһŴţſڣڶٸȥû뵽ѾôϣһʼſҪ˺ҧ
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ǺǡڣӦóôĶˣ

ʹ죬캣ᶼ۳ˡģϹûôʹʧܣ˵Ϲʱ֣ûܹôҵİܾ֡û뵽ʱգڷôһȺϱصĵطúϰʥ޺ȴԵһëͷСӵϡ
ⲻŭ쳣Ҿ޹⣬һ׿ɱ죺Сӣ쵰뿪
ǺǺǡǰڵ㣬ʸ˵Բѵ𣿡ؿһۣǽڵ壬ۼףȫһƬѪģӣѪֹסȫ¼ǧڳ˿ڴ׿Цһÿɷص
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ٴһѪ˲ǼѪˮ󺣣ȾһƬ캣ݺݶ׿ţҧгݣŭɫСӣ⣬ձ󡣾ϷҪԸ㣬ҲֻӬˡСӣ
䣬캣ٴһֻצݺ׿ȥ

Ȼһ֮£һĳ˷飬ȴû׿Ӱӡ
৵һ׿ٴγ֣ȴ䵽˺ǽڵı۰ϣǻаĻȣǺǺǡǰû̸˴˱˴ˣҲûҪͽ˼ǵʡûأ
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ֲĺףʥâ̴ֱֱ˺Ǳըùѵۼףֱ
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һҺ˵ĺٴܴһŭһֻצݺȥ৵һ£׿ֲӰٴγʱļͷ˵ббһһɫױֱֱӹƬƬۼףըһƬٴúҺϡ
Ǹȸģ
ûκθ飬һƬ׿һ񽣣һҽǿں޴ϵҴܣÿһΣ㵱ѪϼˣΪģֻΪ֪ʲôʹ
׿Ůɲϻ쵰װ۸ίˡ
ǰڵųϣҪסҵжƺҲûǸˡ޴壬ĸǰղ˵ľǣ㡭ҺΣ
һаЦ쳹񷣬׿һ㣬ںǰشܶеĳҲǲͣ飬ȴΪֻܲϺУҪ޳ˡ
ʥʥҲǶڣʮۻҪء˭֪񣬻ƽȮۣǳϺϷôСɫŰʵ̫ûˣ
ûӣҲ޿κΣ˭˾ųأҲ׿ûҪ˼óһϢһӣλ캣ʷһŪʥˡ
ǲŸǧţų꣬ûӵأ

໡
׿ĴЦͺϵĳ쳹ô̶ոձײȥӡڻλ֣Ҳȵб˹
ܽ콣תȴ۵һ³һѪˮѪˮб飬ҲֻǸո³űȼ
λҲǻ֧ӣͬŻѪɫһƬɷסӰŸæΧһĵڣôˣ
ûʲôǸоɰˣ
˰֣ܽ˿ȴ̲ס³һױӵѪ˵ˣոնʲôˣ
˴˶һۣʼ磬һƬã֮ɫʱȴ󰧺Ǻȥ
ⲻãһ֮£ˣܽڣȴȫ˲ɵˡΪǰչһȣǿĴš


1096 
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캣һУɫŭʹŤ쳣ֻɽ͵ְצǵصڿз裬磬ֻΪץ´ܶС顣ݵΣټϺֵľȴ⺣ϰĪκΣֻһԼĽÿһųʮѪʹİ
׿һаĴЦ쳹񷣬лɢŵ׺ȴָӱ̬Ĺâںһߣƺĥʥ޵Ĳ̬У

һУܽλˣȫˣ˫Ŀ磬زãǰƲ̲סݳһƤһľګؿ˵ڸʲôŰɱǹûɣ
ûû뵽СӾͣ
ͬĿɿڴܽɵɵؿǰ˼һĻ૳˵Ϸոôˣ
ڣǹһϢסˣ
Ǻأʲô
Ҳסˣʲô֪ȻȦˣ˫Ŀֱؿǰȴ˰㣬еػشƽ־ڵʻҲûʱĹƺҲûĽ飬ֻǴصͷǲټƽСӵ
Ϊʱ˿̣㾪һĻҲ˲ϼƽˡǵǾ޴£ٷ֮ʮ˲ʱжʱһξĹâ
˿µĹϷ򶼲һ֮УȻ˳
Сӡôأ
ؿһԶϴ׿һۣ˫üͶλ˴˶һۣȴǳεԴ
˼ģʵ°Сӵƣһһ彣ʵ
ԼҲԼյɷϣʵһɱܽгӵ֮£˭ֵܵأ
ħɽǸµĴڣ˿ֲҺû˼Ҳ̫ĳͻ֮Ļ
һˣλ࿴˿ʱԴ亹ٲ㴹£ر㱻ʪˡܽҲ۾΢΢һУ䲻ʵҧҧгֽ࣡
䣡
Ȼһ쳹صľ췢һڳϢһͣѸͿ񱩵쫷綸Ȼϯ˷ܽˣûӦô£һԱ紵ͬѹӢ㣬ݺݵˤ˳ȥ
ֱǧ֮⣬ͨһڱļϣţĵѪֱֱܽǵɫٴήȥȥӲҰˡ
̧ͷȥȴǵʱסԭɿ͵쫷磬ǸոպΪ׿һ£ġ
Ȼһٴգ׿һ˸ľв˲ͷλãźɫ׵һݺ£ǰһף㸣綫ٱɽ

໡
ɫͷƤʱúһʵѪҺٴαŷһ㡣캣Ҳ̲סٴ຿һʹŭĵıʥޣԸôһСôһ취ûأ
ǺٴλӶ˫צϸСӰţ׿ҲһЦкңϺȫסΣֻҪһлᣬٴδЦ
Ŀ쫷磬Ϻغظֲģǿ֮У׿аЦһֻӵħھϷˣϵ
һУλƤһ̲סͬʱһ˿ĭ㷲һ߶紵ľ޴飬һ߽׿ǹȰӰоеس˿־֮ɫ
ǰôû֣СӾȻֲϾﶼСӵ£Сħ
ڣǻǸϽܰɣñСӺͺսǾ̫ԩˣ׿һ·ֻŨŨĺʱ˿ȻǧٿףǱɢ忪ģƲɵʱһϲæ
üͷһݺݵһۣߣûõĶʲôϷݺô꣬¹˵ս
ǣ˵ûݣ˶ᵲڷâڣսļһԲ˰úǰϾ͡
ӶڲһϣؿڣȰ˵Ȼִ֪֣һǲ䣬ڸǳǿʱ򡣴ҶٱǺನ˭ûųȥ
ڣˣ߰ɣ
ݺݵҧǼͷǺ
ؿһۣٿԶڼսһһޣãȴʵس̾һŤͷȵߣ
Ӣ
ԣ˲ʱϲ

ǣһһȴǵʱ𣬰첻һͣ׿Լ֣ȴֻǰâ񽣣ֹסŽֱֱָ˺ʵķ
Ƥɵ΢΢˲ܽ˫е¶˰֮ɫ죬սԲԣ

·Ӧ콣ٴһ졣
ϧβԣսǡǿ磬ϷûǸż
ɳ³һر۾һֻץĽȴǸ֣Ϸһνץʱ㷢ģһǿ۷壬ѡϷ򲻻ġ⼸ǧĶ֣ϷֻҪ㣬δȴһΣǸϷŸոףϷûдﵽ塣Ϸ򡭡İɣϷĳŵ䣬һ죬ϷľսΡ˰ɣΪǻûʸ񣡡

𶯣أ콣ȴͣ·˲ܽĽƵġ
⽣ƺˣǻɱӳʥޣʥ޾ǰȴˡ
ֻΪ־϶ˣΪһ塣ܽԸǽ֮ԸҪսʥ֮ģֳ񽣵ǵһѽѣ
ٰѽõǰܽ¶ȻȣЦţлл
һ䣬㶸һ̤ţʱŨȥλϽϡֻҪ뿪֮ǰ̲ܽסͷһ׿ȴشȳ׿ǧϷˣҪ۷Ϸ򡣽ħɽƱϷҪˣ
˵գһתʱವһ£ʧӰλҲһͬ뿪ŨС
ڻӽ׿΢΢һͣȴأһЦţںըצУٴһλλʧӰٴγʱȸߣһ̧֣ͣ°ɣˣ䣡
֨
糵Ť޴ĺϻȫǱŭ֮ɫէԣȴһͣ״סˡһ˼ؿµ׿нã֮ɫ
СôˣΪͻȻˣȻϷߴͣĿǰΪֹһֱռϷģôᡭ


1097 ̸
ͨ
޴͵ط£Ƭ޼ɵ֮䣬캣һڵؿ׿ǵĮݣнǲ֮ɫ㡭ʲô˼
ûʲô˼ˣã

е콣һ壬׿浭Ȼһ䣬ڵϣɫƽ͡ȸˣһף
Ҳһ㶣ӷ˼
СӡڸʲôУ
û˵׿ֻǹŵȻЦݣٲǰ񣬷ǫǫӣﲻڻ̩֮Ȼ
Ĭ˶Ĭˣǰڱŭķ캣ⷬ쾰ҲǲɵôԭأĪиոջŭһ¾ȫϨƵģȫһԴʺŴ档üͷ˽Լøˡ
·𾭹׿ɵľٶԴ˲ͰˣʲôҲ֪ˡ
ôˣǿԺú̸̸ˣ
ãźǴȵӣ׿оһЦô뺣ǰȮ³ɣ
һ㶣ؿһۣϸϸ˼ӻȻŭȳСӣˣң
ˣ㣬ֻǰ侲һ£̸У
ǻЦݣ׿ʱ˿̣һλʿ㣬ӣ˫֮޾ǻ۹â˵̸ҪԵȲźãԸոյˡǰǰŭºѾԣ²ų²ߣϣǰƽľһ£
ƽľ
üͷ̲סһʱȳϷһǵһƽҡϷΪʲôҪ̸Ϸ޲ýǴң̻

Ȼ䣬һȴǵʱ׿עɫƽǣҡҪ̻ģֻһ𣿡
һ𣬺˫ͫݺһȴû˵
³һڲ԰׵Ϣ׿۽ȸһֽۣո뺣ǰһսǰκҲãȴǿʱȸͻƿڣûһٻΪβôأ
ߣʥʥϣ˭࣬ɳ˱֮£ʣޣмƲƲ죬һĵ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷҡҡԴǰͲ̫صˣǰˣŪȸʱбֶΣǰ˸ҿʥУǰǸȾ֮ΣѹͷǰָʥϣЦ𣿡
ң
һͣҭ˵ܿһﲱӣִֵոϷʢŭ֮£һʱ˻СѾͷڡĻ𣿡
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿Ϊ⣬Цһʼ˵ɣһǿţдʣøһì𣿺ǺǺǡǰʵûȸˣҲûɱ𣿡
²һݣɫһ䣬ȴǲ˵ˡ
ʥޣУһֻһֻˣ
˿׿񷣬૳ΪеĴڣ˴жٶԹѵĻϣԷʧ𣿸ߴʤΨһԼݵʧ¶ֻԼ
˫̲סһ΢ĬĬ
ضţ׿˵ǰ̹֮ģʥմȾϢҲŹǹɳɱ⣬ֿĸоġҲţǰȸСӣĲɱ⡣մȾϢʥޣԼѧŮһŭ䲻ѵµ˶𣿡
ԸոգһֱǰΪ뿴ǰ裬Ǽٷ衣ʥǷбɱ֮ġοǰòƻûԽߡȻǰûɱģСӦû£ǰ־Σ
˵ţ׿΢һһ
࣬Ϸǲǣ
ݺݶ׿ã캣ͣ˫ĿȴԽԽͨ죬ش籩꣺Ϸһֱ֪Ļϲ⣬ôһ⣬ΪˣթƻӸոóϢʱϷȻˡϷģɾҪСˡϷԸϷսٻغϣϷҲҪģߣ
ԣȸɫһһصؿ׿׿ȴʧЦһҡҡͷǰ˵ﻰҸողȻ˵ˣˣ
ˣϷڱˣҪϷסҪɱϷ򣬿Ҳа취ɡϷô
䡭һʼˣ
һεĹâ׿£Сӵ٣ֻǰһ˿޸Ҵȣڱ֣֮޷֮ģֻǲҰܣȫûѡǰǲϳ֣ʲôûáԣǰֻʥ빲ϣεɣ
۾΢΢һУ캣ؿһۣȴЦ˵˰죬ֻصԭˣҸ㡭
ǰ
Ȼδ䣬׿شһһ˫ᶨ˫ֱֱţǰԸ룬Ҷǰĺ⣬һ˳еɡǰӦ־εĻԸһһǰԸ
ףһȸȳ
캣Ҳ̲סһ˫Ĺâ
ǰԸϣҲӦֻ֪Ҫ²Ը⣬κβҡոȸϣûʲô󺦣ΨŭĳˡҪйޣɱǻ㣬ɱʹأ
һ̣Цһ׿ĵǰĺҪйԸͲǰԮ֣ɷ񣿡
ֹסȸ׿ţ⣬һŽ׵ҧ촽ҧѪȴΪصԴ
Ϊ֪׿ľû˿Ըı䣬ҲΨһİ취
Ҳ澪ݣݺݵضкɲܿȴһЦЦС̫ƻʹù֮ˣٺٺ٣㵱ϷɱʹˡϷĻң֮أ
䣬ʱһӰƣݺ׿ȥ͵磬ѹ㶼Ҫѡ
ȸứֹס¡
ȵȣ
ȻһƿҪȵ׿ʱһȴ
֨
͵һƵʱͣסÿצб·׿ȴǵʱһĵĳЦȻļưװηҪȡϷͬ飿ϷȻֿԽ£ģ޶Ҫˡƻ࣬Ϸǰˣɲϵ
ǰˣȵȣΪҸƻ·Ҳôֵΰ
һЦ׿йâһ㻺ԼĽָһӣӵȸϣȸΪܰװˣǰСӣաַϷŪĻ㲻ٶ԰䣬ָﻹһϢɵϡڵ״̬ӦΪСˡסѶԣҲκдʣһ˿ɣϸɵ


1098 
вϷ򣿡
ֻϸնѣ
ǻа컡ȣ׿ЦһȻǰֻȴСӡѲ⣬ʥ޶ԣǰΪʵڸࡣˣҲұ֤ǰǷѶʥϣٸɳ࣬ҲܻСʧΪһִ֣ͰԼϵɵ°ɡϾʤҪŵġɱңȴһʱƤԼͼʲôأǺǺǡ
ضţһҲǳ˳ɱãȻˣϷɾҪˣԸС𣿡
ӣ޿ɺǣһƬȻ׿¶Цݡ
üͷֹס˲һۣأͫһӿһצݺȥǺã࣬ȥɣ
ৣ
̩ɽѹգۼ޾ɱ⣬Я͵ݺѹ׿ǰ
ף´󺧣ȸһȴǽ߬䣬ҧأ֪ζֹֻסţһĶˡ
ǵĸ׿ΪСӵİΣȻ֮⣡

ӿǿѹͺ磬һС׿쫷Ķȴɫƽ峺û˿
֨
ȻʱǾƿҪ֮ǰȴأͣţǾƿؿ·ȴֻ׿ɫɣûбǻŵȻЦ⡣
СӣⳡûʤսӮˣ

һ죬һƺݺˮϣˣ³һں
ؿһۣ׿¶һ˿ȻЦݣ΢΢ͷлл
ף⡭
һԿţȸһ澪ɫһɻȻ׿Ȼĵ׸ˣǶһĻȴԴʡ
ȻһЦ׿û˵ʹȴĳС׻ˣʵһʼұ㿴ȻթСһʵ⣬ܿɹ󰡣ϷʱһĻ֮ˣװҲװĳ⣬ذ֮飬ȡϷøСȴװΨͼϷ⣬ΪľǽһкڼСȥ
ҵȷΨͼ㲢ޱ粵֮ԣ׿ƳƳȻ
ȻһЦҡҡԴÿɷ񣺡ˣܵϷϣҲǺõлСһﵲ֮⣬һȴϷ߿һۣ
΢΢һЦ׿ͷĬ
Ϸû뵽ȻܳϷķӡϷˡȻϷ֪ôкޣԱԼֵȷ̫˵㡣Ļϲ⣬ϷոĿ챻ɵ˰
ţʱϷ룬Ϸǲǿˣѵ㲻Ϸıɵû˾ֱϷŻȻһжƻ֮ڡŰϷ򣬲ҪϷã룬ֵã
һ㣬Щᡣ
Ȼ䣬׿ȴӣĵȻұǽǰĺһϣʵϸոպŰǰȫΪȸûôƻԼҲͦˬģǺǺǡ
ۣ
Ӳһ򣬺ûһѪݺݵ׿һۣҡҡԴЦһҲ¶ǲСһﵱףΪǶŭˣֻϷһϹͷƾЩϷɻȫ㣬Ϸͣ¶ɱģ񣡡
񣿡
ǰ񣡡
ɳзɬиˣϷ£Ҳй޾η֮⣬ࡣ֮Ҳȷˣ˵֮ϷҲĪ֮ΪΡȴᱳأϷһֱ⣬һֱѰһһңǧ֮ȴһ󡣡
ÿˡ֮䣬лٶٲô峺ǴȻ֮ҲˡϷ˼⣬񣬾γֵģ࣬ոϷһ֮£Ϊûаֳɣѵ϶Ϸ򲻻ɱ𣿾ĻˣϷĴ㣬һ̣ľĲᲨ𣿡
Ƥ΢΢׿˼ȴʧЦҡҡԴ֮ԲΪʣۿ־塢ŭǱʲô𣬶һҶԼӵûĲʣеĴЩźɡҶӵĳŵиոĳ˵ԼսŶʵֲˡ
ԭˣ
΢΢˵ͷ³һںʧЦϴԽ㣬һִţǷ¡ִţɵ£ѵõִܷԣִ֮ǡѵѵáСӣ㽫дﵽ۾ʣϷ򲻻ῴʮܷһλͿ㱾ˣ
΢΢һ׿ͷ

ţһﲱӣһϡﻩ춯һ³һ鷺ɫԣӨ͸ı㶸
ȥǾһһ׿׳ĲСǽСӰضһ
磡вһϲȸг׿Ҳǽзϣ֮ɫ
΢΢˲ԼǣҺϷڽУȻոһ׹೦Ҫ⺢ˣ
ǰǡ
ϷθҺף
΢΢һЦСҪֲҪϷθҺ֮ȫڲɡСһ֮ڣʮ죬׻֮ʣȬ֮ʱ
仰׿һϲһȭлǰȣ£û
ȸҲǼ£Цݡ
ͬΪʥޣ˵ĶԣһֻϷҲġֻϷ˶ڽ磬޷տСһиһɿ֮ˣϷԸ
壬㲻һֱԸ⽫иˣһ㶣ȸЦ
ÿɷҡҡԴҲǵЦһҲûа취İ취ԼҾԼˡɺޣǰҸദ֮֮СҺ޵ԽֺγǰԽأ֮и֮ˣܱǱаҪá׿СԺտˣĪǳˡؼ䣬ֻֻʥ˰
ǰģҲֻһ˫Ů΢΢һЦ׿ͷ
Ҳʾ⣬¶ȻЦݡ࣬ǰ񣬶е֮ˣϣɣ
ž
Ȼڴʱһ̶ķȴǵʱը˶׿ͫһɣ˫֮УѪ˳
Сӣôˣ
֪üͷһ׿ɫһҲǲԡ
ž
Ǻܿ죬һ췢׿ʱе˫ʹ͵۾һ̣žžϣһɹɺɫףֹס˫ּӿ˳񱩵Żһеʱӿˮһ㣬˲㽫׿Уǰ뺣һսʱȫ׵ӡ
ֻʱ˿̣ȴѲܿƣȫ»ʹԼֹס

ףⱾôڱˡ


1099 ĵӦ

Ŀϯ񷣬۾ڵŨĵص׵ħȾƬء
أңңԶǺȻͣµĺϮɢĵǡˮʧĳǣͬǳ֮ɫʱ˿ȻĴʽȴǼֱ
ˡôûǳʲô°ɣ

ȻһľO@֮ŷһ˻ߣھ;棬ӳĵطһ˵棬ɵʱһ㶣ףǲӦô
Сӵɵϱߣ˼һǣʲôͻǿаŪ߲٣
η۶ָָĳǣֿˣɵˣСأû°ɣ
˭ŷ಻ɳƣȥҺˣһʱزǻ߰ɣ
ʲô
ǰѵûпԶƬȻصԴŷһָԶǺƲҵľ󣬱æ㣬ǲ֪ո׿ͣλúһǲܽ󣬾ȥˡǲܽҲҴһսʲôҲˣƨߵߵظȥͬǺ֮С
ʲô˵ڸ׿ɴʧɫʱһɫŵɷס
ڶϣСӻл·
ƺеǣŷʱһЦڰֵżҵ˵ˣǺȲܽ򱶡ҴȻź£ʲôܽ𰡣˵ˣкôͻǰܽ𵱼ͱСˡΣգҲǺΣգ֮£ܽС׼ףԺԲˣٺٺ١
ȿȿȡôȰ˵ô
ɿһݺݵһۺ󣬲һµؿ꽣ŷոԻڣ׿ֲ³ç֮ˣȻ׼Ը;Ա֮ܶԸǲܽ͸ڻˣ
ǰͱˣҪҲǸõһǲǡҵ˵Ǻĺһʴ˶Ҫ군أǻǸϽ֮Ϊãˣ
ߣСҪߣ
ŷĻ겻ٴκ޺޵һۣ߳ȳǲ֪Ǻжֲڵҿ൱ġУ汻ڶϵĻһøȥ鲻С
뵽ʱһ̤ţ͵ؾǺȥͬʱĶ֮ҲǴڳ˵Ķ߰ɣѾǻ͵ˣУ
ãǴ㶼ˣʣһȺСҪ鷳ǿɾͶ˰
ת׿һۣŷ಻ʧЦһʼ磬Ȼɢ뵹ԵĴͨĳأأء
Ƥֹסһ飬Ҳ̾ʲô˵ģ߰ɣҲûã
˵ţǴͨȥҲϡ
һ£ʦ֣ǲߣ
ȻˮȴǸæе͵ˣȴһֱ׿;뿪Ƶģ
ؿһۣҲǳȻʦĲ°׿ֵͣҲϺȰˡߣǿ°Ҳѳʦ°ߣôˣ
䣬Ҷ۵˴˸ɫǱ㼱ߣ׼ߡŷԸ£ŵߣЦŵɩ˼ⶼΪã׿Ҳ¡˵ʲô֪ˣ
˵ţץļͷ

Ȼڴʱڤڤ֮У⣬һϤУȴǶ쳹ڳǶߣôʵ
̲סһһӣǺһ±˿ŷһŲûվȣһƨɾ˻ʯϣʱʹ죬ᶼˡ
󡭡ɩûҪɣΪãûԪǰҪ֪ڿб֮ܲһ¡
һˣȴһͣǵɫȫˡ
Ϊ⼸ʧʲô֪Ҳٲת˱ˡڣȻתˡôô˵ǡҪָʶˣ
뵽ǰһһƬϲ֮ɫˮֹסץı۰˷ܵǣ㡭ˡ
׿׿ôһΣͰ͵³Ϥ֣ǵвʱ
ϲɫ˱˴˶һۣĻڡ
漣Ҫô˵ΰءֵܷѾ˼ô궼ûѣ׿ֲŸദ˼գлָס
ĲҪҩҽοɶ֢ˣ
һƬϲ裬ˮϲ˼ˮǳȴ촽΢΢ɢľ֮ɫ૳׿׿ΣգΣա
䣬͵һ̤ŲȻֱɳȥԶŨŨĺ֮С
ȵȣǣ
һˮæһ֣Ҳһ̤ŲҪ׷ȥǸȴ۵һ³һѪ˿һУҲ潹׷ȴû
Щ˸ոնﾰʮӴˣ߾Ͳˣﻹշе
ңңųת˲ŵӰ˽һӣŷ̲ס̾ؼʱλôˣɩһûУУܿƵⲻַ財˲ǣ
Ƿ財ʧֻ־ȻգΪͻȻ뿪üͷɵúݺݶ˶תת˼Ŀ˵ո˵׿Σգǿʲô𣿡
ʼ磬ŷ಻ÿɷ񣺡ɣ˼ɼ׿Ǻĺ֮Уտ϶еģô֪أ˵⼸⣬ǺǰҲ֪淢ʲôɩôȷˣ϶Ƿ˰
Ƿ˻ã¡
Ƥ΢΢һңңԶǵǵس̾Ƕ˵ĵӦĻ׿ֵˡ
ԣ˲һݣԶҲ
һ棬ڼǺȥȴͻĵӰٴɳͫһʱһ
Ϊ˲Ǳˣȴǲܽλɣ
ûвУ
²һͣ΢΢һ׿ĺֿĸϤӰаתǧء
Ҫȥ쿴һ׿Σģĸ˲ˣɾʲôɲˡ
Ǻ·һ²쿴һƬȥǣжѾѾ޵ģùߵģ˫۾ǡ÷Ӱɵʱһףⲻ𣬿ˡ


1100 ˵ĵȴ
İƣ۾ôͲһһˡŰɣҵᣬһ˫۸Ϲˣ£ߣ
һ󸹷̣Ʋ֣ȴֳܱһ𾪵ؼٷɵǰ򲻰ܽĵʲôھȻˣôô֤ڰȫģ
ɫһ࣬̾ҲǾˣֻû취Ǻʵ̫ˣǸһ֮а
ôڶ
²ɿһ£صΪ֪׿ҲǺȦءܽ𶼲Ǻ֣׿Ǹˡ
вһŨŨĵǣؿǺһۣ˫ȭֹס߬
Ϊ˵Ĺϵбˣʱ˿̣ûоĹ죬ֻ۵һ³һڱ𽻼Ѫˮγ֮̾ǿϷƽδβҰܣķڷֻǿʼѣһ죬Ϸۡ
̲סһڱѪ³ܽɫٴβҰࡣ
ڣ˵ˣǻǾҸƧ֮˰ɣεĲᰡƼæȰ˵
ǲܽȴǻ˰֣һֱֱĺϷߡȻϷˣϷҪ֤ѵõǿ߶ԾĽ˭Ӯң
ǿ߶Ծ
һʱǰһæôڣǺս𣿡
˿û˵ֻ΢΢ͷγ󣬿꣬ЩԹ꣬ᵽΪֿɾͲò˵ˣ鱨ôİΪ㣬ǲ˴鷳ȫûˣ֪֪
ҡôˣһ㶣Ī
мƲƲ죬ƺ޺޳㻹˵ǲ˵׿СӶڻ꾳ûʲô˵ģ
ǰôˡ
ôˣ֪֪СߵСǽֵıˣǰ㱻С֪𣿡
޺޵صһۣίҲֹסͷɫ롣
裬ʵ裬һСñͷܣҪЩ֪Ļǻ߽
ǰȴһã֮ɫҡҡԴ˵ǡȸСͦɰģô𣿡
ɰôû
Ƥ̲סһ飬˶һۣ°ŭֺݺݵӻ򶴡˼һСѾˣӵģ֪֪ܲСжԸıǵϵĸжԸڵıҵһ־Ǿż޵衣֪𣬾żް۾ŽҪɱƬײĴڣ
˻
̲ס͵صһʱʧɫʲôżޣⲻֻڴ˵е𣬻аϣ
ô㲻֪
֪
˵㣬鱨ôģֱţƴڴڵشŴһĵؿҺ񹦸Ǿż޶ˣǲݲ֮
û֮ԣ͹ȣ˭Ҳ
һݣСǾż޶ˣһֵ˰ɣڰôˣ

²һͣһɫȴٴ͵͵һ۲ܽƵɫֺݵ꣬ŭȵĺĺԺҪǰ𣬷ɻ䣡
ģƸһֱ˵𣿡
˵鱨̫ǣҪ
ˣ
Ȼû˵꣬һŭȴϣؿһŨŨγϷֱӶսǡúˣȫͣˣҪҺϷҲảȫǺĵ̡ϷȥǺס㲻ȥᣬսһغûҲסˡ
ϷתȻһˡϷǰݵľһĻϷȴǱǣ
ʲôһĻĵģæ
üͷ΢΢һ쳤̾ĳ׿뺣սһĻȻʵȥȷû򣬵ڱĵزңʱȻ˾ųϣĿȫǡȻҲ֪ôģ϶ģľ뺣ľԾನҲǽ⿪˷ⶳͬʱҲǡ
ԲһУϷҪǼ俪սĻڹѻҷˡܽ𡭡ǺǺǣﲻˡϷǰʵ죬֪֮󰡣
һƬ֮ɫþûӷȥҲεԴҡͷֹƸٺݺ˰һۺԹ˰ɣṩ鱨һֻͻ˵è䣬ǿǲ㱻ͻ˺鰡һ뵽ڱأߣ
Ȼȫˣ겻΢΢գգãĴ۾תۿ֮Уȴǲ֮ɫ
Сӡôôǰûء
ڣҪսֽô֪ʤأǾΪðʱֿ죬
΢΢ʹĳܼ򵥣Ȼǿս£ȴԶ׼׿ӮˣͻгӮˣͻȥûһӰ֣Ϊˣ
ȥΪβǰ
ǺǺǡʤҲǲʤڵƣȥˣѵ෴˺𣿡
Цһоâ˸˸ǰҪȣϷպҪսĶ־˭
²һݣһۣ΢΢ͷһ
ҲǾվͬڵȣȴǵսڵһϣǸ߳ʱ
Ǻܽλں֮ǰȴһֱڵȴţȴԼҪȵĽ֡
ৣ
ȻʱһٻӰȴһ͵س˺֮Уգ۲ۼ⿴һͨͨôͻȻˣǰûõĶû𣿡
ףȻԼȥ
ͬʱƵҲǸӰɵʱЦСӺͺսǾȥոӹǸŮǻؾɣʵܽȥǺǺǡ
ҲСӮˣðȫˣ
СˣɲŹκһ࣡
Ǿรɣ
λһЦ磬֪ǺãҪȥַܿ롣
ԼŮˣΪǳСӣǳСӶδŮ˵ʲô壿
ˣȥɣˣ
ĺâ¸̣Ҳˣһأ룬Сǣ֮ˣǺǺǡ


1101 һ

ѩ֮У׿ȫϺɫ棬ȼգĲҽУ쳹񷡣ȸһԿôʧɫæת׿壬⡭⾿ô£
еۿͫɫּΪͣȼ֮ͺѼԦˡһױ״̬ɽԼû³
˫ͫ΢΢ţ캣Ҳһ֮ɫոϷһսתͫǴﵽ˿ͫٽ㣬׵Ŀ񱩣ڷɼˡֻǲ֪εõΪλͣϷոնķӡã
ԣȸ壬ҵףǼĴʥ֮ں϶ɣǿ쳣֪кο֮
ʲôʥ֮ͣôܣ
ɴһ캣תתĳѵ˵ϼһоɹˣСӣ㾿˭ĴУ
ʦСԾħۡ
ԭˣϼһĳɹˣ
Ȼصͷ캣һѹˣ˵ãʥںΪһϷȼ֮ϵĴڣϷķ֮ҲЧˣ
壬취ô찡
׿Ǵ̶˻ȫڻļȸĶ޳캣ˣҲҡͷ̾СӸոҪԼϷгޣ˾СеӢ˵ãϷǰĻϷԳٱĹǿѹױϷոձ׵೦Ҳ֪ˮݣϷѲܣСҲûáĻոϴϷܷ
Ҫô죿
û취ϷӣԼ˲оųɣΪҡ˶Դ캣Цһį֮ɫ
龰ȸˮ޵ûģ׿ʹ尾ȴѡ
ݣ
ȻڴʱƿâʱŨŨֱֱ캣ȥȴŷǶķ졢졢
ƺǸܵ˺ϢУʱҵǰķҲȥԼˣԶǰΧɱֻ޴ʥޡ
̲ͫסһ캣´󺧣Ҫæ굽ˮ£ȴǻһ콣ವһ£һתһĺ㶸ˮ£ʱͽӣ˱֮ϣһܶ
ֻ񽣣ͣ͵˲䴩ԼΣ۵һѪֱʡ

̲סһ캣˺ѷΣð˲ҪôصģϷߣһ̫Ҫ˾ôǵ𣿡

·𷢳ļЦΧһźٴηֿವرǰѺϹᴩһѪʹ಻
壬ôˣѽѣӦûôô㡭龰ȸһæ
޳ˣ캣һʥұûʥǰûжҪϷֱӽǷӡǡڲͬƽȮ۰Ϸˮ壬ңʹ֮ˡʥĺܷϷ챻ǻˣ𣡡
ʹధȸˣǴ󼱣ܰʲôæԸһֻʥɡ
ǧ𣬾ʥޣʵҲǱķݶ˰ھ޴ԴֹȸźһȽȥ˷콣Ľ棬ӲһѰѽȷɳȥ
ǳôʱȴ붴ţֱϣ˫ȭѵ֡ѽÿֻһ㣬ʱ䳤ˣҲܰοлһĿǣ콣أȴܶܲˣ
һˣҪڶˡ
겻֪ˣͲóšΪսˣóûոû뵽ո
̸ܣû̫ˣ
ݣ
񽣲ͣڿз裬Ѻеǰȸ·ȴһ󼱡Ψһܾ׿ˣҪʲôµĻ׿͸ˡ
޷飬ȴǸˣ
ͫأӡ
Ȼʱڵ֮£ȴߵɫĹ⻷һҧصĴȣҲĶ㣬ط
ˡ
һ죬ռ𶯣ѷɽȻһ´󺧣æҪͷܡһȻˣռأһ˲ͽѹλáȻ৵һ£ѽһͨһ֮ϣȫӡ˽飬Ϣˡ
龰캣Ųɵó
žžž
ͬʱһұ֮£ɫ׾Ǹӷըѿֻգ֮䣬׿ֻͫʧȫΪޡûͫƣ޾׸ֹסӿʴ׿ȫ£ʹѵ˻𲻶ϡ
ף
ȸһӴ󼱣ؿһۺ³ȴĳСӣոлˣֻû뵽ѱְϷΧ
ǺǺǡ
ҧŬԼʹĺбأ׿ʧЦһ૵Ҳǰ㣬ֻһ׿Ƿ飬Ȯӣҵлովұ֮
ͬΪʥޣӦ֮㱨𣿡Ƥһ캣ɫһ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡Сʥ֮٣Ҳӣӣҵ޿ɺǡҳһ㣬ڶҲҵ˽ġұ׷ɣϣֻǡɽնѣҵʵڲ·ˣҲѷ¡ֻСӺȸףвܱȫͳ£֮ˣΨˡ
ܱǸֵиˡ˫ŮҪиǰǳֵΣҽվ㣬ҲµĴֻպǰˣչ˲źáȸ㵱μǣ÷λǰຣδҲΨһһ·տǣǲܸȫƻĹҲˣȥҺ̻ȻɣеļƻҶѲȥˣ
ף
ͨһȸڵأ
׿ؿȴ΢΢һЦҪСԴȴǳһ£˿Լĺף˻ǻȻЦݡ
ˣһˡֻǸǰͬǣһ˺ܶණֵˡ
ţ׿ǻǿʹ࣬ȴһƬƽ
һ̣ȴܳʵ
ضһĻ˼һҧȵСӣھͷʵ̫ˣϷ޷ףһѹƣӺˣ
䣬캣ʱһ̧צݺݵԼ֮ͫС
ʱ䣬Ѫӿˢˢˢһغˮ
Ȼ󣬴צʱץһɢâͫԡ


1102 ӡ
壬㡭̲סһȸؿѪܵһŴӣʱסˡ
һЦҲһԼǵǳǳİ̺ۣʱ̾˵ֻ۾СӴһЩˣôҷ֮ӡСӵĺף䱩ߣӦÿԣ
ģǰһȸʱϲɫ
Ҳ΢΢ͷȻۿеѪˮͣȴǻȻȡ
׿ҧɬǰлֻԻһʵڹⲻȥ
Ǻǣһֻ۶ѣûʲô˵ģ
νذڰ֣ոҽʥϷֻ۾᲻ã񲻾˵һЩɽƻкϷ򡭡ֻʲôȥأˣ׼ϷķӡɡϷһҲԸǷ飡
˵ţǵһף˫أһһεĲ㶸Ȼм䣬ŵ˵Ŀռ䲨ֻ޴ҲǷ˵ɫ貹âȻۿɼٶȣڼСţȫһ۴СĹ㣬׵׿ȥ
Щ񱩵ףܵϢƺҲЩŰ΢΢ƽ
һɣǰôʹ࣬׿ɵó׿΢΢ͷصɫâڣѹ񱩵ĺס
ݣ
ȻڴʱȻ׿ţϾҪʱһȵĻâȴ֮㣬һ佫ϾͽǾ˲˳ȥ
̲ͫסһɴ󾪣æһצݺݽǿҪʵסȻһؿ׿ȵʲô
סƿգ
üͷֹסݺݶ˶׿Ҳһã֮ɫôûʹù
ȻĻδ䣬ٴʹرԴϵĺ׺һϽͰ㣬ҵؾ
ţݡһƿգӶ׿͵̧ͷ·ǻǹǹһ˷һɨ䡣
ʱ䣬ֲױڰ㣬ֹزֱض˺׵мȸһҲǲɵϴֲմһ캣ǵùߵģ̫ȴûôףʱʮϣըðһƬƬѪų

һ˻ը죬׿ԴʹͫߵɫĹ⻷ԣֹס˸ǽ𻷱أһ˿˿ɫȴǽȥɫĹâʴ֮⡣
ȸˣǾһ߶һ߼æ壬ҵôˣ
໡ĺױÿͫҲűˣ
һߴ˻ţȫһƬ캣һ߽ͳн֮ɫͫ۾ѧһ֣˵˾ǰԼǿӡУΪáǼյҲ׶ѣСдصĿ֮ϵףĹֱȲ˫ôܽǿȫӡأ
ԣ޷ȫӡʱ׾ͻᱩߣӿֻոֻй©ȴҪըˡͫѾ״űߣܿơСڲΣյʱ̰ǿͫҲˣȫʧȥ˴ȻԷ٣˿ɾȣ
ԣȸ´󺧣Ҫô죿ֻأܾҵ𣿡
ǰԣڲˣ
ҡԴҲһ֮ɫüͷšһ񣺡ǰпͫ൱ڻѹãƽױڣͫܿƣûУ൱Щ޷ɣôѹ
ܵ𣿡
ЦǷ캣Դӡ֮ȫǷӡ൱װˮˮ滹ٷŶ𣿡
η۶̾ң˵ռ֮¼˭ܱ۵ĿͫǿͫŹǿǿʥԴ츳һ׵ĵȼʥ֮ϣǵܰΣյĶվͫϷ֮ãᷴ
ô˵ûˣ
Ҳһ
ҡҡ޴Դ£ڿֻͫʧأδ٣ͻһֻҪⱩߵڣϷûӡ˫Ŀ䲻ԻƽҡؼǡܽȫأĻھһ̨鷳Ļ޷ֹ֮ȷͫԴȪٷͫ޲´󼪣
ݣ
Ȼ䣬ƿ𣬱ǼɫȻֱֱĲһ񷣬ȴǵʱ޾Уһ˶ĶڡֻǸУȴǹسһĻ棬СˮɽȪˮˣɾ
˻
̲סһ׿Ƕڵľɫ״סˡȸҲǲһ󺧳⡭Ǹ׵𣿸׵ƿȻǿ˵زĻҪ׹ѻ֣״оǽǲܽˡ
ⲻױߣֱӳԽ
ڴ󣬺ת׿һۣȴҡͷ̾Ѿȫ޷ڲǿȫɼٲϽӡ˭Ȳˣ
ɫ󼱣ȸ֮ɫȴ޷˿£ټϿͫߣֱǻصĴɱ˸Ҷ
˵ˣԴȪܽµĶھôܣ
һʱ䣬ȸֻ⣬׿ʹధȴ޷Ҳһ߶ԽԽֲһεֱҡԴ˿ȴҲǰ̾
̫ˣûа취ˣ
ಣ
ȻʱһİɫٻӰʱǰǿµŰرݺݳʹధ׿סһƬ촽ʹ຿еϡ

ʱ䣬һ쫷ԶϮǰɫٻӰϵʱɢĽ׹ԣһҲʱΧڶߣͣת·ڤڤ֮Уһ׾۵ʽ𶯣ֹסǶ˾׿ǺɫףҲӿˮ֮ƣ籡ٻӰȥ
ĸס
һУȸ΢΢֢૳캣ҲһΧŶ˵ǰһȳ޾֮·Сǰһȫ磬ȻôĺǺǺǡǣԷӡˣ
˵ţֲɽ˽ɢᶨ֮ɫ


1103 첹

һƬڵĿռڣɫĻ䣬һֻɣɢɫʹľ׵£һ޺ʹ֮ɫǷצƬҲױŰ֮£תۼɢ١
ֻʱѣȻȥ֮һΡ
Ǿҵʹ࣬΢΢һУȴγ̾
ˣѾϣֻҪһԼҲͳ׸ˡ
ţǾǱ˶ͫɫð
ѾһУϣΪԻһĿȴȥϣڣû취ˣȴ־˹ȵס
䣬ĴӲƽƽȴ벻ƽС֪ˣһʼƽĶԴ
ҲãҲգ׿ѵ㻹û
ţǻһȻЦݣȴʹ֮ɫƾȵĺ׼ȼգȴȫˣ

ȻһϮޱ߼ʵĺףҲǾӴϣˬ죬ȴǺһ㶣ףôʹˣ
˫ֻͫʣһԼٿ޾Ŀռ䣬ȴǵʱһ㶣淺졣
أôʧˣ
ǣɻһȴٴδռڵĸ䡣׵Ĺ㣬ͬөƮõǣʱ㽫ڰĿռ䣬յͨҲǾһͣɢϣĹâ
ʲôϤĸо
вЩ磬ضǹ㲻ţвʱ֮ܰɫǹҲǽظϣڣۿɼٶȣ޸˵Ĳ֡ѣȻȫ޸
ǰһǾһ
ô£ԼϾҪˣΪЩʲôѵ˵ǰҵ˾֮ҲˣҿԻȥǣȻ󸰲֮ܽսˣ
һˣɴϲһͷʱص֮ϡ
̡
µȼţ׿ȴȻôʹѰյ˫Ҳǽ˿
ǣǰӰʱȴֹסһǣ㡭
ûǰӵڻеģǳɡֻʱ˿̣ǵУƺʣûнǰϳһУȫǱܣֻƾоѡ
ǣʲôſң
̲ͫסݺݶ˶׿ԼŰٿϣҲɵʱʧɫ
ڣϽǰİƿԼۡǵҪ̧ʱȴǺȻ֣ʱһָûˣɵʱסˡ
бƳƳЦһϣˣٺٺ١Сӣ֪ǰʲô£ô鷳أȻȥҲʵˣ
ʲôң
Ӳ͵һ׿ŷ֣ϵףȥǷףҲȼÿ䡣
龰׿ʱ󺧳ҪƿȴֻܴǣߣҲȣߡ
ǣǷ·û㣬ôؿûһ˿ȴڲϵתϵĺףԴԴϵԼڡ
һУ׿ڵѪ˸ĿͫǿյûһֻۿУͬʱ˱˵ˮǣ߰Ҳȣ߰
˵Сڸв֪Ϊӣ˭ܾȵ㰡
Ĵ𣬺Ƴһۣ׿ɲͨûиʺϵҪȫ򲻿ܵġѾͷͬʡ֪ʲô˼ҲϹ֮󣬺˽еˡϷ㣬۾ǿʡˣŲ˿ͫΪƵ۾
˰ɣѾͷһʣԴĿͫЩסұ꣬꣬ꡣһ֮Ϳʽáʽ֣֮ȴΪսãΪ˾ոյͱûˣÿŮ޼ʱ֣ŰȻˡĻֻʣһ㣬ҲԪˣѷˡԺºѳƵۣڲͬˣȣ޴ǰ;ⶼҪлŮްǺǺǡ
̲ס׿˺ԣؿܣӿ֮ƾ󷨾飬ûҲȫϳΪΣ첹󡭡ΪʲôΪʲôʽ֪֪
еˮȪˮӿ׿ؿǰĳǣȴ絶ʰʹ˵ģΪΡ
ǰϷΪʥޣҲףʽԻ겹꣬Ǿ֮󣡶ÿ겻ͬô󣬿»ᷢͻҲֻп֮ˣԦ
΢΢˵ͷСӣû˻Լֻһεľ꣬ǡֻΪһģֻڹؼʱܹһˡСӣииĴ֮ˣ
еˮӿƲסرӿ׿ؿųǿնȴ¸Ӱʹ
һֻΪԼֱ˿̣ȴϲԼϲԼ
һˣ׿ʱȳȸߣ
ӲһȸɵþǰߣǺֱܿһֹ
һ£Ѿˣ
ؿǣ˶ȾףʱŮߣҲ޼£ֻһѡǼȥСӻоȡҪôһҪôֻһСӣôӦ壡
Ҹһ
ԼƿС׻մ֣
ƳһۣȳС׻ΪΪĸǴʱ֣߱ɱĸ֮׵Ĳ𣬱
Ǻǰ֣
ϷùܣϷΪ㶼һֻ۾ôˣϷ񲻰Ϲˣݺݵһۣҡͷת׿һһȸ̾һ鰡ÿ۾ֺγû߹أʹ࣬ᡣ
Ǹ׿ҪŬƿǣȸݡ
ȻһЦÿɷ񣺡ûģ׷ɣȾͽԼԪûˡԪ˵ʱ˿̹ûֻǰڲˣ
˵ţ˶һֻۣǺ״󲿷ǱգֻСֻ׿ڣȻңԽ࣬ԼҲȼգȥˣ׶δȫǰˡ
һˣоһʽֿ˿һԵѵ񽣣ʱ⡣
⿿ѾͷֵôףǿʽУ
оâһһ֣ʱù񽣣дʣ˾ۼ֮ǽľˮۣʢûϷԵˮҲһ
˵ţ캣óһѳ쳤ųһλñȥȳ콣Ϊأغ󣡡

콣ڳߣâ
ŷ콣ΪˮˮԴԶ󣡡

һ죬콣Ҳ嵽˳⡣
Ȼ󣬷콣𣬻ԭ󣡡

콣ںһ֮£ҲԼϡ
Ǿʱˣһô죿
üͷ΢΢һǺܿ죬ݵһһѺɫĳԸ£ʱ˺ǰͣز


1104 ۾
콣
ضã캣˳һô⸱ģϷϲˣ
Ǻܿ죬ǰһȻ黻ˣԲԣ

콣Ž
ѹˣ˵콣ĻոôûΧϷԭˣѾ˰ǺǺǡ
˵ͷЦһȻؿ·׿һۣ޵Сӻͣʥ鶼ܻˣΪáҲѹ֣۴ôôȻˣҲˣôϰɡ콣磬ӿ󣡡
캣͵ǰһָ콣ವһָķѸٲָĵص㣬˳⣡
ʱ䣬İһɲǣʱҵɫףҲವشӳϣİȥֻգ۹İ񽣱ȫɺɫĻ׽ڹԡ
͵һӣڴʹ£һӷؽ׿ϵȫԼڡ
ǺֻǷ·ͻȻӴײͣףǷֱİ񽣷ֵա
һӹȥӹȥ׿״Լϣת˳ϣããоʹ̡Ҳǿţ֮£ֱΪޡ
ֱһʱ֮һ˿׵ʱȫգ׿ڻµ׵һ̣ۼֿ죬ʱһӾƣֻɫһ㣬ݺݷ׿šžһۿ֮Уɢĺ
ˡ
ƺⲻ֮ͲĪĵ⣬ȻߵĿͫȫʧȥ˵ĿƣߵɫĹ⻷貵ĹâֲϢҲʱɢ
ͫ׿ֻؾûдﵽߣֻ۾ȴʥ޷ͫȻЩƣ޵Сһʼϱʥ֮ȼߵףͫ»κβͫ
ڣѾȫֻؾĿͫȴǷʲôˡۣҲֻͫǿֻһֻͫʱӡأ
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Ҳһ̣׿ǰһڣʲôˡǰޣǺɵĳ

һ캣Ȼ֮ɫ·Ľ΢΢ͷСӣͫߣÿͫҲңʱ־ѧշֺԷӡ˫۷ӡǷӣտͫԭ׵ķӡ֮з⿪ӡĻ׶кϷôҲΪãΪ֮
ǡ
ƺȫû˵ʲô׿ֻǽץųǵƣϴǺ״̶ķȴʲô絶ʣҧ촽һƬ
ǣشңһҲãΪʲôҪҡ
û˵ǾôؿƾϺɫգȴϲޱȻ󻺻ر۾ϢѸţ

̲ס׿촽ɤʣ˫֮УǱ֮£ȴûһܹ
ˣҲһ̾˿ްɿްɲٴıˣһҲáòûȨϷķӡ£ûжģҡ
СҲûˣڰ˳ɣؿ˳һۣҲЩ֮⣺࡭ȤȻе񣬵ɷϣеȴ˾η

׿ɳɤ˵һ仰ֻԴͨһƬ·ѹ̫ıˣ޷ߡ
ȸһĻŸ׵ĸ׵棬Ҳ̲ס档ܿ޳Ϊø׸ʹֻš
̧ƳһۣҲ̾
С׻ˣԽԽࡣǣϷԴ˵ûô񣬺ǺǺǡ
Ҳһ˿ؿǳǵӣջ˴룬ڼﲻȥ
һˣһ˿ˡһ˾ƿݣѾͷߺáϷ࣬һ˿ϣ
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Ȼʱ֮ʣ׿Ȼĵ㣬һֱƲ񷡣Ҳһ̣һռ䲨׿Ǳ˪˫䣬һη߲ϼ飬ȴǶó˱ķӡϻ䡣
̲ͫסһ캣ɴһôܣϷķӡ֮£׶ôһأ
ǣʵȴǣôö֮λӡĿע£ҡڵܳˡ
·žžƵģĿɿڴ
ôܣҵķӡѵ©𣿾УҲֲһӶɣ
ȫûע⵽⺣Ǿ׿֮£þеԴһգ˲ûʶȥ
ǣǵ߲ϼˮȴ˳µӣžһ£˳ǻδվʬ֮Уʱڡ
ˣ
һεĿռ䲨漣ˣ
һɫĲʹʱɢֻգ۹򣬱㽫ЩȫϨȥţһŰɫĹâһƬϼ֮£ʬ֮и˺ǰ
۾
̲ͫסݺһ캣ٴδʧɫű㲻˼ת׿ȫǳãôܣСôܻе۾˵ʮ⡭
ţ׿񣬸£
Сӡηʥ
ȸˣҲǲһָϼ壬⡭ʲô
ԳһɣΪһ֮ģΪ۾۵۾һͬ٣𣡡
ɫǰδеأؿ߲ϼ⣬ĳʹ⣬ֻʮƵߣֻе۾ֲӵеģ۾ҲͳֻҪ𣬾ϢոѾͷȻҪȼմȱȫȴ۾ȣһϢд棡
ǰһȸʱһϲôô˵׻оȣ
Ȼֹоȣ۾ˣָ
Ƥ΢΢˶ؿĹȶε׿еԽԽ죺ֻС׻ˣʲôˣΪλʮеһ
һ㶣ȸã֮ɫҡҡԴ
ڶ֮ѲƬ̣ٻ׿һǸոձ׻Ĵ󶴣Զ޸ٶԣæǲʹУݺһףǺڶȥ
ವһӵ棬ʧ
ǺڶҲؿʼں
۾γ֣֮СӲ򵥣ұø
оâһؿǺڶʧڣ¶һȻЦݣѾͷʥټˣǺǺǡ


1105 
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ʵգƣѤȴǺ쳹صףϯ˷һƬƬɫϼ⣬֮£ҲڣŰ޼䣬Ǿ֮ϣ⴩ֱҲǸŲ˷纣һ㲻ͣ
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ʥʥɽΡɽ֮䣬һ¥֮ڣһȺŰ׷üԳŵİ׷ˣһź󱳣ͣҡڵɫ󺧡
һ׵Ĵ󺺣ҡһεشײǾֵλʥߴˣʲô£ôˣ
ҲزʣΪۻǿ֮ѰҵȻʮ꣬δ澰д·ȥѰżһ̽Ҫд˰
ǣһȭٴģײȥת۲Ӱ
ͬһʱ䣬ʥϼڣһȺŮҡڲ´󺧡һģϸַǽǿǰ񷣬߲ϼ⣬ӿתҲǲɿһ£淺֣ͬʱи㯡
ô£ʥ˹
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ȻڴʱһϼţԶǵһ³æӿƣԶǶȥܿ첻ӰֻʣЩŮӣҡһΣͻײҲѡ
һ棬ʥĻȫͬǣһľСԺڣ̨ͤˮ֮УһϪһֻϸǰϣȴǺһͣ
һ̣ϵ֣ʥһƬңΨȴɰܰɧš
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һˣһƬڷ֮Уòɾôô죿һûУ
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΢΢˵ͷǺ˼ҪҪȥ̽һ£ĵ۵˭
İķУǳ֮û˵˼ŷһʧЦ֮ǺǺǡطˣ۵ɣ˱⣬˭Ҳ䡣ҶҲģαطңӵе۵ػ֮ˣȻǵ֮ʥҲ׳ͷأǺܿͻᷢˡңҪֲֹĵ۵أ
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ĵѻأ֪˺ʱǺǺǡ
һЦ𣬻Ʈɢ֮䣬ȴǾ֮ϵĲϼֹסһ¡
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ˣԴӵʮ۵۾Ϸûмǿҵˡ
壬ոʲôôǰһ¾ûˣͬòײŴƽȸҲһؿ
һЦ̾һвЩ磺۾Ȼķݡʮ۳۵Ҳ㡣۵ڣȻһ壬ˣ
ڡô˵ǰһȸƺʲô
Цŵ˵ͷָһɻԵ׿ĳСٸɣѾͷԵֲδߵͷ
Ȼʱ캣ȴǺһͣüͷ
ôˣȸһپ
üͷ΢΢˶ŭȳôͻȻۼôսȫϷ߱ϷİϷ򡭡
˵ţ캣׿˿Լⷬ˲εӣʱηۣһҡԴ
ߣзƴ󣬽ϷˣϷһ
䣬캣ʱһı棬˵һһεĲʱȥ
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ʱ䣬һ췢棬ͬƬ򣬶ŻƶƬŨŨĺ磬Ҳˣγ롣׿ȸ˶ıϣȻҲǱ롣
⾿ô£𰡣
С׻ˣܻоǰ֪ô£һƱߣʵƻӡ
Ƥ̲סһ飬ȸͣɲϷЩ棬ƽʱٶ࣬Ϸ򶼲塣ڲУϷˣĲˡ಻о仰ôúǰܽ˷ӢۡϷڿɲ˸ǿսˣ
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˵գֻצٴǱ鳷ٶȱټ֡
ȸȻһۺ󣬱׿ߣϸչˣ뿪ˣ
ǣھǿҵ𶯺ҲĪ֪ԣǺܿ죬Ǳ㿴ŨŨĺȥϲӰȥ֮ȴʬ֫һ˻š
龰ܽǲһҲȻγ̾һջǺʤˣ׿վûܻų
ǰոô𶯣֮⣬ѹûһ˿϶Ǻģ
ŨŨľ֮ɫδȥҲǲɵóӲӳ벻ǺȻѾ˳ܳ˾尡һǺʤһﰡ׿ģѾˣ
΢΢ͷɫįЩϧͬôһδĶ֣ôˣҲǿġ
磬һʹ˫ȭݺ߬𣬽ҧأ˵صԴ
Ǹˣˡ
ݣ
Ȼڴʱ˸˼иӣȴԶ׿³ϧʱһƿ죬ȴ쳹졣
ţƵߣǺѹѹһƬɱ߳еĸĨᣬأһַˮ׳ʿһȥⲻı׳֮С
Ͼһľڻңѵл½ͲܽԴ´
ԣڣ϶һ࣬дҲûʲô־ֻһգϳˡ
׿ǰƶģսͬɱܽľƣڵ
ǣƺ֪أۿôһɱĳ뵽Щ֣ǳģΪԼԮˣ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
Ƹ̲סЦһڣةĴͻΧɹˣһ±ˣ
ţһҲǲˣ
΢΢˵ͷٿǰЩƽӰȴǺһ㶣ȵȣЩôòݵģǵɱǶǵİ
Ӳɵúݺһ༸λҲǲסˣЩ˵֮ɫ
ף԰ôǳģ


1106 Χɱ
ܽõģӸսٻغϣֱܣ
ܽ㹷ģӽҪˣҲŹ㣡
ܽӽ㲻ݣҪԴҹɣ

֪Լڻ³Ǹɴ಻ǰ񫡣
㲻ܽƽﲻţ𣬲޵˭ҶаΥ档ӶҪˣôôҺΣ
ǺǺѹѹһƬϯ˳ȴһһ䣬֣ӢۺúӰ
ԻֹסشڲܽͼλУֱ⼸λƽ߸ϵϲ˲ɵˡ
һ﾿ʲô˰֣ˡݸ߲ڶҪģаֿ֮ԣС඾Ȼ˲֪ôſڱտûһɾģǲҪˡ
֪˱ͲҪˡһȺҪˣ㻹ʲôסǣ

͵ǰһ̤̳ƵһȭڣȥǵɫǺڽĿ֮У

һ̧֣񽥽ҡҡԴǳϷôǵԵϷոߣһȺ֪ǳĶϷ򶼸Ǿǳôĺ
䣬ʱͫһе콣Ȼɢ貵âҲǺı졣
һ̧̣Ǳӿ֮ڣǺݺһɨȳߣΪ׿ĻǺȻϷ򣬼ֱ֪ߵغ񣡡
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һӣر
ֻһɫâ֮ͬ㣬ವһǰҲǽâ֮žʱ㽫һڿ֮ͽȫ׺֮Уֻգ۹򣬱һƬƬҵ˻УȫΪ˻ҷɢ١
̳ɢȥһƬؽȻȫһƬ֮أʬ׶ҲҲˡ
ֻһжѣݵһֲܽڷ캣ǰǸƣⷲǰȴһĴڣ˭佣֣
񹦸µһʵ鰡ǺǺǡ龰Ƹæһȭʱһƨ
飬ǰãΪʱܽΪԼ޵еĴڡڣȴëöûˡڼʶ˺׿һս󣬰ĳôƨڲܽֱ죬Ѿ˵Ƿ
ž
˦־һĶȥƵʱ㱻ȷɳ⣬һѪ̲ס³վԼʱһã֮ɫ֪Լӡ
ȿȿȡ
ֹס˼ֿȳһлѪˮѪˮиŭɫ˵񹦸µһޣ۾ϹˣûǺǿϷʲôµһ
ڣǺǹǡ
ƨµһз˺͹Ϊ׿˺Ϸȴܣߣݺһ֣ܽһۣҧгݣϷֻҪɿһսĶ֣Ҫ֮𣿡
ǣڣ
һͷǹӦҲǸæͷʾˣȴٲ˵һ仰ˡ
ȿȿȡ
һۣܽٴο졣ڱɽʱܵı׿ϢĲɣÿһ˹ƣոһȴ˸ࡣ
ģֻǶԸһȺСබѣòƣܼصȥ
Ǻܿ죬㷢֣ˣ
ոСඣֻǧСеľţһëѡȻһһǡܻӶأ
ݡ
ϵƿٴǲϵؽҲǸһ𣺡ܽеս޵ͷڹ꣬үү㣡
ܽԳƲܣƨ죬½УòҪ
ܽﲻܣˣҪүүأ

Ƥֹסغݺݳ˳飬ܽ͵أһŭ֮ɫӲԴתԶ֮ȴһϳԳȴԽԽˡ
һȺĶȻǰȿȿȡ
ûܽҧ콣һ𣬾ҪٴһӳǻӶȴһ̲ס³һѪˮ
龰λæǰסڡ
Ƹ̤ǰԸµڣЩϺԳ֣Ұɣȥǣ
ҵϷϷ棬˵һˣݺһưƵı۰򣬽룬˫Ŀ죬ݺһ콣һâȥ¡¡죬Ϣ١
ԼҲٴ̲ס³һҡڣƺƸࡣ˼ˣæסжǹ֮ɫ
ڡ
һӣϣ
һ棬⣬һƬը֮޳оâһһָǰ֮ڣסǽȥҲǧϹơǸĸ֮ˣֿǣֻҪƣͻһֱȫԸȻǿϢȴΪĶȡϹϺķѵԽ࣬ĶĻԽĻҲǵֵܻǶǴ˴ε׷ѣ

һ޺˱ٴһ̤Ųȥ
龰һ߲һ̾ߣ΢΢ͷ˫˵˲żüãȻ鴫ǶıڵӴҷ䣬ÿںĶ鶼׺ѴڣΪ˸¸벻ҲѰǺǺǡ
һСϷˡ
΢΢һף޳ЦңζԸܽ𣬻˺սģòϣҲͲҪ˴ôã
Լǣô¾ȥкһˣǣ
¹ִߺã
΢΢һ޳ĿȥǺܿ죬˱Ӱʧ֮޳ɫȴرǻһмĻȣߣñ˵Լλӣһ㶼ϧݵĸ߲㰡
ô㱰֮ˣҲˣȻʱһЦ
޳һת׿ȥȴǵʱһλϤӰݸһЦ˰ݵҵ˭ԭ˪ô˵ӣôпսأ
Ȼսﶼǲпģ
γ̾˪ʧЦҡҡͷ˵һøлƣɱء׿ֻǺ֮Χ˲ܽȴûо̡Ч֯Χ֮ɫ١ÿһ˶ǲܽĻƢضŭģһĺܴôҲܺܿˣ
ص˵ͷ޳ʾͬȴһЦϷæ֯Ҳ˼ֻº׿ܼҵ˼˰ɣ
Ǻ⣿
׿ܼԸܽĻûо尲𣿡оâһ޳׿ܼҵǣҪְܾ֮ɣ


1107 
̲ס˪˼ؿŵ⡭ܰɣ׿粻Ԫ˧ΪλҪ
˵Ԫ˧ǻʱ˵䲻ģ֮ΪҲΪ
оâһ޳һµ񾡣أ߹룡ս³Խݸ߲ûа취׿ܼҳɽͳȫ֡սˣԪ˧ʲôݻԭݣ׿ܼңԭ׿ܼգ׿ܼҵǻۣܿأ
ң׿ܼ֣ȻǸֱ֣ʱ߽ݴƣͬʱսҲһᱻ߽⡣ν̵ְ׿ܼƿȫ֣Ϊ˭ıأɺܷ˼ģ
Լɽ޳͸һصЦݣ뿪ʱ̾治֪պ׿ܼң֪Ϸһܾ˵ָˣ᲻ᱩϷһأˣʱƸɣ˭Ҿôһֱˣ˵ǰɣǺǺǡ
ؿĪıӰ˪üͷᶶ˼ҲЦҡҡԴ
ˣôһֱû䣬Ͳ֪Ϊ²࿼һЩô
䣡
һ棬ܽⲻϳַеĽâͣնȴëûС
Щ˶·ǲķƵģһһǰ̣ԴԴܽ𿳵öˣȴʿâ
λҲȫɵˡһ˵ɱӺǳ֣һ£ЩСͨ߱㲻ǰһˣȴô⣬η͸Ŷ鵤һȿֺǰ塣
ⲻ⼸λһĪĸоⱱЩ˶ôˣ
֪Щ˷ˣ׿ĥ֮ƣ֪սֵʤʬɵġǣͨʤĽݡ
ʱ˲òֵ
ǰ̫ǿ󣬾ˣҲ˲˼һëǲǰ塣ڣ׿˴𰸣˵սǡ
һ˵Ͳһˣǵмֵģܹȡòܽͼλͷټ޳״ɢķֶӷʽȻȻظǹˣļֵ
ȺԽ֮࣬׾Խȫ˵ȡͷ
˵ĻЩʤĳʿη
䣡
һʿ£ܽȴ۵ɫɷףʱ³ѪȴǸӷˡ
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ʱǡôߣǰΪȻĹϵûִ֣˳̨ױλ£Ϣ
Щʿɰ˽ᡣ˵ǵǲƲܽ𣬵үȻûٸĵҲͲͷ¿ûԵϢˡ
龰޳Ȼ£ɽˣǺһһӵɳɳǵѹЩ˷ͷȫ򲻰ܽȥ
Ҫڣʱæңƣ
ûа취λˣҲøˡҪ֪ԼأԸʮУһӶԸϰٲԼЩƼأ֧ˡ
Σͷ״̫ӰﾰҲϵŵ
Ȼˣڰ˵£λλ˽սϻʿԤӵĥ£ҲЩˡ
˵Щʿ˲ǣǲϵĥȴԪľ޴һ죬죬졭ʱһǱͷĿѣƺҪԪݽ˵ĸоƵġ
ʱҲֻǧʿ滹أ
ȫ֪ӴĽǣԶɱĶ֣ѵվ֮С
ֹƣ˲٣
İﾭγ㲻˵ϾͻƱݱ߾֧ԮôǸоսۼˣѾĶȥˣ
һҲֹסŭݺҧءལҲһߺޣȭͷ˫Ŀͨ졣
һֱŰﾭγıΣ֪ΪΣȴԯ޵ﾭγµ֣֮ʲôӰ
źã֪мУﾭγȴǱǸӼеöడ
塢塢壬һҳ߾˺ݵĿӣϧһдۣ
ݱ߾ؽ磬ﾭγ˫Ŀ죬ȫָս֮ڶ׵ҧĸֱ죬
׿˵Ȼ˶ƣҺ·Ըû꣡
ǣ֪ôˡˡΧˣս񽣣ڲ°ɡ
һˣﾭγ˫ͫͨ죬壬ϧһдۣ壬ð

Ļһ쳹ʣָգһ¡һ죬·ٹԪڸֱһ˲ʧȥϢǱ߾󣬶ڲҡΣά֡

һö쳹սÿ䣬Ǻܿ㶸Ȼһ䣬ػߵʽݺ˷ȥһ£ٸ˲䱻еķѣѪģ͸ˡ
ٴ滺ǰսϾ٣ǹŵȻЦݡ
ɪСνһݹϳгĻδ䣬һ죬˲ըĩѪɡ
Ϲٷڸ߿գָؿ·һУߺߵսλֻСɪһʲôˣ
ǰɪ߯ҡսϸʲôٰɪ
ʱƽҲһЦϹٷǰٺٵǲҲһ´ڸаҪȻͷⵯٵĸˣʱة˵ǲϷ򣬿ɲ֮׷ϷĶ߶ͣ
һЦƽɵʱ۵һһҾͫһһָһˮȫһƬɫĻ𺣣ɵ꣬ɨһƬ˲ɱ˽ǧ֡
龰ϹٷҲǲ￩һ£̾ƽɣǲݷ콣ɣȻɱ˻ǻ㣡
²װ
ҡҡͷƽ̲ס̾һĽԾ۽Ҳ֪Ѱܴ󷽵ϷǷ콣²һ꣬Ϸ֮û뵽ʱǨ֪᲻ˣ
ߣݣҵľƲˣ
֮ƣǿ͵֮ƣһζοЦһƽ֮ɫ۵ˡ
ʱȻƶ죬ﾭγʱðɣָǱϹٷƣƽɣǾۻ𣬻ҳ壿
ãֱСץסСˣʼ磬ƽɳ̾ݱ߾ȥ
ϹٷƼˣҲǸæϡ
ڴڴŴﾭγӷ
սȻסûһĵģô죬ôˣڡ
ةˣǱߴţ
ʱһʱǰһݡ
æùﾭγȲ쿴Σ̣֮ʲôϢأ
Ǻܿ죬һ𣬵ʱǰ
СӾȻʧˣͳݣûᡭ


1108 ˵
䣡
һƬƬк֮УһӰأȴǺɡۿ˿Զըĵؽ磬˵ӿգȻή˲٣һڼήȥ
˫΢΢˶ȥϸܲ쿴ţƺѰʲôһ㡣

ͻȻһʯ촫УƲǰһʱҵĿ֮꣬͵һƣ¡һƬƷǷ֮£ȴǳһ˿ϤӰǺ죡
ʱ˿̣Ļһ˿һƣڲ˵˿쳣ɫҰףǻһĨѪȴֻʣһİ״̬ˡ
ôˣ˵ָһ£㵽ȫؽһƸæһԲڹ⻬ɫ裬ĿС
ţƱʮؽϣһ̤ŲԶȥ˲䲻Ӱ
һ£˾͵ˣǺǺǡ
ৣ
һӵʱ䣬˺ʮصһƬǰǰѲ߾ģǴ˴ĺڵӣˣƺһУҲ̲飬æߣһűϵ죬һмĴС
ڣȴ滹мϤӰһֻֻʱ֧ϣͬɫҰһƬȴʶȴ˫Ϲټλȸݸ߲Ȩߡ
ԭܽһȻ޴󣬵Ϊ񽣵һЩ־ȫд˸Ȼȴһɡ
ʱһҲ˻ɫһϲе
Ҳһ֧ϣ˵ɵ˫̧ƳƳЩף૸O@⡭ﰡϷôˣ
ǺǺǡǱϹ￳ԺǿȫĽ˰ˡҶϵʱһһȻأȻĻǹƶҪǷµˣ
ȻһЦһ߽ͣһǸмؿһԵĲһۣ޳һβǵľ˰£м
һЦһǫذڰ֣ЩλˣĳʱûüλսʵڲЩ֮ͣ治ҳݣ
㵱ʱҪڳҲһҪ棬˭ЩϼһﰡʱûδսǶԼˡǰϷвϣ
ˣ˵һİƽʱһЩëƤС£ҳݣǺǺǡ˰֣ʮִȵЦЦ
˵ĶԻҲȫ˹ԭ˶ǲƾȳİǺǿ֧壬ҲԱл
ৣ
ǣڴʱȴǵʱƿһȫںеӰسǰЦλƽο˫𣬻жݺݵλ֪λزأǷ񷽱һԣ
Ǻˣһȳ
һЦǺ˵һͷϺڸǣ¶®ɽĿаЦλеʶ£еĻϵáôڴܣݽǵ۹ة࣬ﾭγҲ
ʲôǰﾭγͫɺݺһ˽ǴʧɫôͻȻݸصģǺڵʱݵ㣿ˣ£
䣬Ƶʱһ̧֣ﾭγץȥ·㲻ߣ㴳ǲ½֧죬ǵһңﾭγˣû֮գָտɴ
ͬʱһO@ĺڵҲ룬ǰô֮Χˮйͨ
ţ
֨
ǣڲһƿҪʱﾭγһȣһȴͣסˣǰ֮ˣаЦة࣬ʲôУߺߣȻ˫ݣȴʵô
Ȼˣֺαؽأ
ǻһЦݣﾭγ΢΢ʼͷǵ˫ձһδһһ䣬һ׸أֻú̸̸̸£Ļ͵Ͷξáôѵô֣Լϣһ޸֮ɣ˵仰Ļᣬ𣿡
Ƥ΢΢ת׿죬ѯ
ȼȴػ˻֣Щĺڵǣ˳ȥ
ҲǺ޺һŤͷصԱߣֵҲˣʲôУߣ
һ̣ﾭγ΢΢ͷ϶Ǻ֮ɫ
ôة࣬˫ѾսòɿͻȻΪأؿһۣĿʵ
Ҳ뿴ﾭγм죬ֲơ
թة࣬Ǹʲôģһǰ
ȻһЦﾭγÿɷҡҡԴǺܿɫһ࣬ʵصǰֻҪȸλһ
ǣһ㶣˱˴˶һۣȴȫǱĵĴЦֹסЦة࣬ûɣʿոջе˵Ҫסˣǿɻǧ˶ȥأϾҪ󹦸ɡھȻܵǰ֪ܵ˵ҪǣߺߣЦ
ǰ˵ةı˫½У벻ջ˵˺;˵鰡ҲǸһЦ
ʧЦҡҡԴﾭγ˿Ϊ⣬ôվţǶЦЦ֮󣬲Ȼλ˵ĲεȷǸλʤһγܵķڷûʲô˵ġǽǵ۹ȷǱλƱƵÿˣǱǰԣҲһ㲻飬ҽ군֮գҲǸλļ飡

أЦһǵɫݺݵضţﾭγʲô˼
ǺǺǡλڳ²֮ǰѵûпǹôĺ𣿡
أǵľ⣬ﾭγ΢΢һЦһҳϣӮˣͬʱҲˡǴҴδܹĽǵ۹Ĵۣȴͬھۺڻ˫ԺϹټҺĽݼң󶼲ˣΪѾͬҽǵ۹һʧ֮䡣
ƨ˴һս㽣ǵ۹ʲôϵôܸ᣿
ûϵ֪ʤǿ̱֮𣿡
ǵȻ
üͷһЦֻҪ²ܽԴ㽣Ǿ͵û֧
һǧĽ֣ȴΪľ޴ս֮ݣ
ߣôʱеƣըԼըɣмƲƲ죬û˲ܽ壬ϵĽڲ𣿡
һҲǷЦɪؿ
һĵĹâﾭγһЦʳôô֪ڵ֪ѵϢ󣬵һ¾Ƿأ
⡭
һٴһȴִסˡ


1109 ûӮҵս
üͷڳ˻࿴˿ȴֺݺݶ˰ﾭγɲĿ⣬ɤ㡭ʲô˼
ǺǺǡûʲôֻ˵ƺĳ˵֮С̵ְⳡս˭Ӯң
вһŭįﾭγ̾
ӲһٴλһۣҲŨŨɫһؿ
ЦҡҡԴﾭγ³һȴ˲ɫһ࣬ˣλңֻôһôҾʣµһ룬ηչɡ
ȣĺܶҼڣҴûǻȻҲԼֻǲͶҽ˶ѡɷϵǣץҵʹšΪҪݣЩ˵Žǿߣǿ۹ʵȴΪȶءһûѹƣϱᷴˮΪ߸۹в
ⲻǸ׿˵һô
ཻ˸΢΢һЦͷû׿ƣȷλµһˣȻҲգܵͣߺߣ
ֻǰ벿ֵķչѣ
ƺ˵ǵС˼ﾭγһתķչҪֻҪҵҪǵġΪϢһĴͻϷˮߺߣЦʲôˣΪ»Ͷ֮ˡʣûвǣսûֿܵʱǾãǻôһ᣿
̲סݺһڳ˽ʧɫͰ͵㡭˵
ߺߺߣҲ֪ǽʱô룬ǽҵĻ˫ƴܾˣ֮ʱһϷѵ۹ӵأΪڸ壬ⳡսȥѪϴݲսܷʱŻݣ
ħһ㣬ǹЦݣﾭγаȵĹâɢջԵǵ˵ҽ֮գҲ֮ʱȻ£ݴأȫĽ֮֣ǲ֪ûУ
ͷ亹ֱðЩݸ߲ȻȫǱ亹͸ˡ
ǷЦݣﾭγƽȵ˴սŰѺų޵еڽȴΪ˼¡ʱûˣ˫ԺûˣϹټҡǺǣϹٷƶԱҵޣ㻹棬ʲôùӳԣ֮һ׿¡ǲ֪ݸѣһѸݸ½µ׿һָϷ磬ûɲԼֱɣ˵أǺǺǡ
Ƥݺݳ鶯ţЩϲ˴˶һۣͬء
հﾭγ˵ĻƴƴһսΪʲôѵ˵׿һʼƵģֻݣ
һˣ˵ɫӳأͬʱһ뵽׿ǵĮЦݣҲӿ־塣
ˡʵ̫ˣ
ıôıǾȻֲˣףǱˣǮˣԼűˣǾȪ֮£ȥڣ
뵽˶̾ŵԴҡͷֹ
׿Ҿ֪թСӣһʼûģͱˣλǻǲǵã˵ҪڲŻԭǽ̶ʱһֵؿ죬ѯǽô찡
üͷţһɫأҲԾֻǲɵãȴ̧׿ǰһ΢Цİﾭγ˼һҧ૳ةصòֻΪԴһԼ̣ǰɣʲô˵ɣ
Ҫľ仰
ﾭγ⺣ڿڣ¶˺Цݣ΢΢һͷΪ¶ȻҶΪ£ȫ޳֮ͽγλݸ߲㣬ֹͣǵΧɱ
ʲôͣǷ˲ܽϹ
һ㶣ؿһۣȴЩ治ʵץȭͷò׽˾ĻᣬԺﻹУ
ǺǺǡվλγҲãѵüѻʹ˷Źʵ̫ϧλӦ֪׿ıһУ׾ϡ廹ϵˣҪƽ⣬Ҳ㲻ɡλڸݶ˵һѵϸݻҵΪıǰ;λ٣γж
ٴκݺһֻཻһ󣬽ҧԸص˵Դ
һ£ٴοﾭγ˼ȴãǴӦˣֻǲܽ뿪󡭡
λģǵ۹Ҳ⻼ʧأҲȻĲˣоâһﾭγһͷڻȥս̽˭ʤߡұǱ֤֮ڣݴһҵΪ֤
仰иӷģͷ
һ£а갲ˡ
ҲǵͷȻеˣ

䣡
һ棬һâը֮ǰٴα˻ҷ𣬵ǰͰ׶ˣȴҲǲһӣɫһͨͨҲˤڵأû
ˣҲסˣڴڴŴ꿴˰׵һۣƣһžףҡԴ
ҲɫһؿЦ
ôںͼλַȴ˵ϼˣû˵ҲԪľ֮
ݣ
ʱƿһӸԱȿֺ߳нҪȴǺһ͡
ףô£Щô̱һƬһվŵĶûˣѵ˵
뵽ԭŵĿ⣬ʱٴηųϣ֮ɫ˷ܵӶֵ֡ǣûˣϣԴ
ʲôûˣҲ˵һڻˣ
ֹ²ܽ彣Դǧʷݰ

һ˷һȺʿǣʱ˼Ѫ㣬شž˱ȥ˵Ҳ·һȺ鵤ҩ㣬Ŀ죬ѡ
»ǰ̤ǰЩֵܵʬ壬ǰ׼˰
Ƕֵ˺ϣһȺ״񲣬·Ⱥһ㣬ҪȥЩ۷ֶʳ֮паһɲǼ䣬չ¶š
һУ촽ᶶȴŭɶʵץ񽣣ҧгݵ벻òܽûһλĸȴЩϳ룬ֱܴ裡
ལҲһüԣвʣ
ΪͬȼĽҡŷʲôǹ׿ҲðЩСҧʵ衣
ȵȣǴ˲򲻰ܽǳ֣Υߣɱ⣡
ȻڴʱһߺͻȻ쳹ƿգЩɱĸԱһһͣȴǵʱסˡ


1110 ȫ
⡭ô£
ɵɵվԭأ˵жһƬã֮ɫ㿴ңҿ㣬ƺġ
ϾҪѿеĹͷˣô˵ͣͣأ
˵жǲ⣬ܽǣãоݡڸʲô
ৣ
һɫӰ£ԭ֯Ĺǰߵܽ΢һһֵ̧λǵˣ
ǵˣ
Ӳɺݺһ˻࿴˿вǴʱ˿̣ϵ⣬׸ʲôµģ
ǺҲںʲôУٴŻѪ󣬱ڼλĲ£ǰɵĲ뿪
ƾʲôƾʲôߣ
ȻʱһŭĴȴǵʱ쳹أһɫӰȻһ̤Ųݺײȥ͵һƺݺݳԴ£ʦʦܶǷô󹤷򣬲ŰĥƾʲôֻһˣȡΪֵǱ𡣲ܽȥɣ
ݡ
ȻƷǷһδܽëһױȵǶ佫˲ϣʱʬΣΪһѪʧ٣
׷˦˦Ԫĵ˫ָмƲƲ죬ˣոϷĻûݸ߲һ¾벻ܽ뿪Υߣ³ߣ
̲סһ˿һĻǲʵصԴҧ촽ŭȴǸŭԡ
ǲ֪Щ߲㾿ʲôˣ󹦼֮ʱȻôһôǰǼǧˣ
ûЩ˶޷ϣ˾Ŀбӣߵͬ£һֱǰš
ܿ죬ǱһƬС
ѹʱһϤӰҲУȴǽة࣬ﾭγ
γô£ܸϷ˵˵𣿡ؿһۣȻˣһ
ͬأﾭγҲǹһȭڣǽˣսˣ
Ŷԭˣ
ص˵ͷȻĿбӵؿһռ𶯵ӡʽǿռ䴫޵ôأСɣһֻͨһˣĽ
ڣΪһγʱⱱݺ󷽣޽
ܺã߰ɣ
ʲôˣ쾶Ǵȥ˸æϡ΢΢һЦǰһˣ˴˫ಮ٣ˣϣպҪˡ
ûʼնûпһۣôĬĬ߽˵һʧӰ
Ƥɺݺһ飬ΪΡ
ߣƾҲҼ˵սսȥ϶ߺߣбƳһۣЦҲʧǴ֮ͨڡ
ལͬһм֮ɫһͻȥ̫ӰﾰҲһ
ﾭγˣЦһǰر˱ȭ¶һЦ⣬ں｣Ƣγڴ˴ⲻˡ
ϣةˡ
Ȼ˵ǽ֮ڣలµģǺǺǡǣһЦﾭγҲת׽˴ڣʧ
ֻʧɲǼ䣬۽ǳȴ˭ܿó
ˡ
е˶ˣֻһ˵ȡʱɫҲɵó
ﲻʹ죬ƺǺһЦƨܽĿ֪Ϊݻҵ踺أίˡ
飬һһ鵽ף
Ȼ䣬ȴһŭ𣬴гΪΰﾭγֱܹӴǰߣ͵ұݸأôһصĴΪǺڵľݵڣ֮ߣ׿˵ûǱͽҴ˵λһ͡ĻôϢôţ
ݺݵ˵ͷҲһȭͷԣһҪ飬ģ½ңһˮʯ
ؿһۣ΢΢ͷ̾һ󸹷̡
ⱱݵͽ˭أ
һ棬ﾭγӪ֮Уһռ䲨𣬰һ˱ﾭγһ
ЩϤ׺ͷΧܽ彣Щĸо
ڻˣǵĵؽ磬аȫеĵطھǧ˵ĿֲΧɱ󣬼⽣֣Ҳ㷵ĸоҪؼҵ
γة࣬ˣ
ﾭγ̫Ӱﾰ첻æǰΪֿ㼰ʱ֣Ǿѻعˡֻǲ֪ة˵ǣƽʹأ
ܼ򵥣Ϊץǰѱ
ҡҡͷЦһﾭγһ˳ȥ۶ǽǵ۹̶̼գǧǳ䡣ڱĥ֮£ֻҪһĽϴ⻼ǧٿףûս֮ȻĽǷŻˡ
ʲôôôأ۹ڲ´󺧣г
εص˵ͷﾭγҲһɬǰ׿Ǹͱˣûʮ깤
ô׿ģ۹̲ͫסһﾰལ󾪡
ؿһۣﾭγЦλҰﾭγԲںʹңڲıϣСˡҲǻ֪ƶߣݴԪ˧
˵ţﾭγһһʮؽȥһһ⡣ȴһɵˡֻ֪׿Ǹز¶ĸ֣ӵܣû뵽˾Ȼƣݸ߲㶼Ūڹ֮С
˾ʲôͷ俹ڣĵаة֮࣬ţ˫
֮ܰ϶֣ȫΪСʧٵԵʣȻĻ¼ȥۣԿҲԼСӡǱµĶ֣
ļɵﾭγɫһƬ˼ˣڴƬ̺󣬲ųɰƵةˣͷĺˣСȻ޷Ϊвˣ
ôһ㶣ﾭγɻ
ΪѾ֮ˡһǰ˵Σ
һЦƽžͰ׿˵һ顣һΣȴǰѰﾭγȫɵˡ
ؿ˰ﾰǶϱһۣ̲ס󺧳ðСǵǰҴٵϣĵ䣬ȻһŰһ飬ûܹʤһȻôĪرǺɱˣô죬˭ȥ
ǰƽ϶Ķ־ôûˣȥ˭սѵȥЩҲ䣿
˫ȭݺ߬ţȫװﾭγеĲʣҲǽüͷŭݣ˫ͫ졣
Ȼ󡭡
ۣ
һѪݺǰһڣ˹ȥֻ֮ʣȴһֱţ׿СӵϷġ


1111 
䡭
ةഫ
һ˷ɱ˻񷣬뱱ݱ߾ļսϣѽѷ֣Ĵ֣ȫ
ʱһӰȴŸһ㣬սĸ䣬쳤Űﾭγ´͡
֨
Ӻݺһ׼ɳһأͣסϹٷüͷ壬ǲ૳ϾҪ󹦸ˣȻﾭγʲô
սˣҲȻֹɪ΢΢ĳ
һ󲻷ޣϹٷƼŭʲô䣬ˣһƬãϾ±ˣô䣿ǰﾭγǰӦϷҪϷ򷴹ݣڼ󹦸ɣȴôԵ޹ʵسˣӲ
㲻ΣսսսҲ֮սȻةս˭ٴҪȻһȥǿߣǺǺǡȻһЦһ䣬Ȼȥ
ƽһЦҲֵУƨߵߵظϻȥˣٺٺ١ãɱǰѣ̫㣡
ɪƳ˶һۣҲ뿪ǻһȻЦݡֻϹٷƤֱ飬ûа취ҲǺ޺һ˦䣬ȥˡ
ةת˲ս䣬սҲձ½½طء
ܿ죬ԭȻϵսϱѻȸҲûɱƽ
ͬһʱ䣬ݱ߾ȻʣٵʽҲһˡܿķҪݣôǽøо³
սʱʱԪ˧ƺһУһţͷ亹û뵽ʵǿǰǻƾŴǿ죬Ľһ֣һ춼ˡ
ǣȴɽҧأţסٶһ죬ƴһ˶ҶסҪȡʱ䣬Щ˹Ԫ˧Ĵƣ
䡭
źȴǱıըûˡе˶սսӦǰǿУȴֻƬﶼûȥ
һ̾ƺҲǳ³һֹסҡͷ̾ϢֻӲˣûʲôıƺսԿãȻս󣬻ʵ˵ٹʿĻ䣬Ļ
ৣ
ȻǾ޴ıըأֹͣƺһ㶣һʱزܿذɽһ˷ܵشǰܵԪ˧Ϣ˱ˣ˱ˡһսס˰
ʲô˱һ㶣ƺЩãתһԵĲıܼ𳤷磬ɵܼңڸʲôô˱
üͷ壬𳤷ۺ룬Ҳǲԡ
ʱһȻǰһݣһöϣ󷽴Ѷ
ù쿴ܿƺ䣬ݺˤ˵ϣʱˤķѣŭʲôϼһ
ôʲô𣿡龰𳤷˲һ㶣뿴ѯʵ
˿ƺŭɫһһ٣ҧгݵѶܽϾҪ֮ʣǰϼһȻˣ
ʲôˣ
һ𳤷æ׿ܼأҲ˼
ҡҡͷƺ̾˵׿ǺϮʱ˽ȥʧ٣δǰϼһģ
ԭˣ
Ȼص˵ͷ𳤷粻ңң˿Զƽսֿ˿ǸƽգоâһһУ˫߲ĳЩΪ֪Э鰡ⳡսˣ
ͣôԽͣ
޺޵˦˦֣ƺһʣ˫Ŀų죺ǰ˴ǧ֮ࡣϢΪ˶ԸܽǣҲﵽǧ򣬺ʧһս൱ս֮ˣΰϼһߣ´Ļл֯ս⣿
ҡսʧ˾޴Ǹôۣ˵ͲˣЩȥսʿ˭Ǹ񲻰ˣ
üͷţذɽҲ죬ֻ𳤷糤̾һƺ˽صͷˡֱԣǰҲһة̷֪࣬ЩϲںʲôΣ׿ܼҲߵʱ򣬰ﾭγϹߣǰѱǲòսˡںʲôǺǡ޷һЩ˽ȨЩսУҪˡңôսΪ˹ϲ㰲ȫ𣿡
Ϸ˽¶˵ʵɣЩܸ߲㣬ȻڣɷǵվȨĺУﲢδһУΪǸܵġԸԼЩȴҪͬģҲǵҪ׿ܼǰ˵գôﾭγ£ûеģ
ǰﾭγרץ˽ĸ֮֡£ܹץ֮ģȴֻ׿ˡ
Ȼصͷƺɳâ˵ܼңЩ׿ˡ˵ڲ֪٣ȥңѽһϣһҵأһˣ
΢𳤷絭һЦͷ֪μί׿ܼҺ󣬿ɲҪǰһޱӰǺǺǡ
룡
ݺһۣƺʧЦҡҡͷ
һ棬ңԶı캣Ľ֮У׿ɻԲѣڱ˪ѩϣݿ£һ㡣
ȸһտǰˣҲһĵؿûΪԼˡ֪Ī
ʱ˿̣׿ĵ޾ĺڶ˵ֻҪԸԶѲˡ
ણ
һˮƽĺ棬˿˿ڵĿռУһϤӰһҵһƬˮԡȥȴ׿ɡ
һƬţûһϢͺ׿˫㣬ûа
ʱһֻϵ֣ȴļͷ
ûᣬ׿ĬĬ˫ĿһƬ
Ƿһ˿Цݣһ͵ӰߣȥǺǺǡˣϷ˵㲻ڰ֮𣿻Զȥģ
㡭˭
ӽӲתԴ׿һۣȴǿֻкڰһѣǺܿʲô૵ǡϴΡ
΢΢˵ͷںڰ¶Ž׵ݣϴϷ͸˵ÿϷͻֹ֣ȥֻϴθΣգҪˣ
Ǹˣ
ô㲻˭𣿡
ˣҪ֪ˣһƬį׿ĳʬһ㡣
ȻһЦ߲ҡҡԴôʵ̫ϧˡİɣǹϷ㱣ˣͻȥʥɣ
ʲô̲סһ׿һؿ
ֻ¶ŰӰģһƬȴأط߲ϼ⣺ǵǰ˵ݼϷҲˡϷ˵ˣԨ;ԻֻϧһˣϷԺػˣҪСˣأ
䣬ߵʱһƬ߲ϼ⣬ɢ


1112 Ľһ
ǰ
һ׿͵ȴȻˡȸʱһϲгףˣ
Сӣˣ֪֪ϵƱûжأֻѶѣȴǻ첻ѣϷΪԶѲأһЦҲϲɫºˣͺðˣ
ǰһƬڰ׿Լ˫ķӡȴû⣬¸֪Ű޵Ϣȴֳٳٸ֪ʱ󼱽еأǰ
ޣ˵СӰİɣѾ
ʲôҾ
ǰ
Ȼصͷɻ󣬱͵Ϊ˾㣬׾ϾҪɢȴǺȻ˵۾ʱһƲл걣Ų𡣷ĻѱҲˣ
üͷ̲סݺݶ׿ԣҲһ֮ɫ۾ǲǴ˵Уֻ޵۾۵ͬٵͨôУ
㲻֪
ҵȻ֪ˣҪе۾һ죿
㶼֪Ϸ͸֪ˣʼ磬Ц˵۾ֻеۼֲӵУĿǰ˵ֻʮۡСӵ΢ĩУôֶ˵ĳλ۾ڣСģٺٺ١аͦСӣ㾿ηʥ
²һƬã׿ҲĪǺܿ죬ڰǸģߣѵ˵ʼһֱң
ǡǺηʥΪÿ;ƿʱ֣
ԴͻȻųʮΪʲô׿һʱ벻ף㲻ȥˣֻżæŵؿǵأ
Ϸʥȥˣ
ʥ򣿡
ǰ΢΢˵ԴٺһЦСӣŮ޵Ǻð֪ⱱʥĸط𣿡
üͷ΢΢һ壬׿ϸϸ˼ĳŵͼȷиطѨڣǾҲ֪
ٺ٣Ҿ͸㣬ֻأ
˵пתֻأ²ɿһ£׿гֻʥֻǸ˵ֻ˼ʵܶ˶ΪǼٵġֱҿ˾ħµľ¼ֻ֪ʮֻش۵ĵŤתʱնֻҪһ˿лͿֻתֻǽǿԵ˿ɽ˱⣬ŵ۶֪ν룬û뵽ﾹȻ
Цŵ˵ͷʮ۸ͨҲԼĵţԼ̤벽ΣױʱҲΪͬʱͫĹϵ㾹Ȼ磬ֻڣ˵ǲԵ͸СѾͷ֮ĻһƲлѣ㲻Ҳˣ㱣кã
üͷ΢׿˼Цŵ˵Դ
ѹλǰһȥʥᣬԭѵȻˣȻҪǸʱټ֮
ֻǰǺˣʮ֮һεҵڣ˲ϧһд۵İңԼɢҲҾǣ
ݴ£˭ҲһҪֻǲ֪ûлˡ
ţ׿΢΢һȻĻȣȴǷ˲١
δɣֻһع飬ǰԵ
˿׿ǰŵɫʱֻյĻǰʥΪսһĿģ
ˣ
Ȼڴʱ׿ոתãһȲǶȻ쳹˶ǰ
һ㶣׿ת׸֪һ£ȴǷ֣Ƿ֮ħǽ֮ϣֱʱȼźɫף಻Ϩ
ٺٺ١϶˰ɣϾˣСӻ˶գѽͱ˶졣
һЦ⽣ӣʱ٩Сӣ֪ĶҵĽ飬ôɵģƷʥǵ꽣ȡ巽ʯͬ죬ǿôҲ˵⽣ԣ⽣ӦúܿϨ㿴ѽʱˡֻ⽣飬ȻԼͣҹʹ࣬ɵɵ
ˣ
ƺڷԵźƺʵڱԼ飬ǽһֱͣȴϵĻԽԽžʢˡ
ԼĽͨ׿ֻ΢΢һ£һЦȻص˵ͷԭˣҰҲСǾ԰ɣ
ʲô˵ʲôһ㶣ԣ׿ȴȻˡ
ȸùԼĽָϣ׿˫һ龧Ө͸ʥʯʱ˳ȥǶѩ֮С
һԿò⣬ʱ󣬴꣬ŶʱƤһȳҪʲô
⻹˵ôǰȻ
Цһ׿ʱһ֣ħ㻶Ǵ֮Уͬʱ񽣣Ҳ÷档
Ȼ׿ɫһӡѸٱ任ȳƣˮýĽһҽ飬ִǬ߳
䣡
䣬׿ӡݺǴһָһҺضڲϲͬʱħϵףҲ֮Уתۼ󷨵£ٴȼʱֱʣƺҪ񷶼ճ
İʥ뱻ǿֲװ
СӣҪʥǸ𣿡һУ˴ȻһѾǽǿƷʥ㻹Ҫô
ȻһЦ׿ҡҡͷ۹ַȻȲϽˡҲҪʥҪʥһ⽣һԸ
ⲻܣ꽣ʥʥ֮ϷռءʥϷˡʱҲںϣƳʥ֮ϵĵ۱ˣ壬Źһûɣɣ
ûɣΪһֻУɫһ࣬׿ʱȫð˫͵Ǵһƣħ󻯾
ৣ
ڵŨīҹٰ㣬˲佫еİɽȥײȼգҲǽİѽյЩŤ
ôʱħѪʢʱ㻩һѿȻͬ㣬ѽݺݰ˽ȥȻ׺ͺϮ£ǰҲǲŤȻڻ͸ֳһڵĽ
龰شסˣãֹסȵϷôˣǽʥںΪһˣʥһкѣʥǿԴ죬ȴ˵Ļ׻ħڽ⵱ڽ϶δɵ£ȻϳɹˡСӣа
Ǻ
һһѷࡢ졢ɫƵڳʱɳ档׿˫һץץ
УǾħۺͽλǰСҡǲھ˵ļ϶ѣǻһĻȣ׿Цǰ֮׿ʹ˸ǡңҪ׼ʥˡ


1113 
׿׿
ϣĿ꣬ڵĲǣæŴɨսʰо֡ǼӰȴűһ˻ããȴѺ˪ʧٵˡ
ƺߣҲҡҡǲãһۣ̾׿磬òֵȥأ
ߣˣǳһ¾ʧˣ涼˼ҼͲˣ㵽ǻŰһֱôһյˮѳһߵ
ԱߵĽһ󰲸ƺҲǳ̾ҡҡԴȰοϽ㣬ѹ׿һ򸣴Ҳ⣡
֮˵ģЩа֮ˣûĺȻʱһȴ
һȫŭȥȴֻǸŮӣʳףȴĮ֮ɫб֮⣬ȴ侮ʯ̡
ݺݵصţѵʹŭ׿ôˣδ㻹ô
δȻˣ
ؿһۣŮӳ̾һ˶֪ϢҲ˵ˣȥʱֻвܽӳǸǺ⣬Ǻ֡˵ǰأΪҲͲ˵ʲôˡֻҲļа֮·
٣ʲô˼
ѩ㣬׿ڶˣͲ˵䣿ɫһŭߣߣ첲Ҫǰ粵һŮҲǸæߣȰ˵ǸʲôģĽݴҵǣûҵأ
ʱһӻλƵǰȳѩã̶ãûҵǣǱأ
ûĽѩϹ̺ŷ࣬ΪҼҳʧ٣Ҳ²Ѱء
΢΢Ľѩȥǣ뿪ѰңԹаħͷȻȴǾ֪Ǽ㲻ѵܷ֮𣿡
ȵȣ
һȣҪ뿪ʱƺȴһ̧֣סˡھ⣬ƺߣǵĮ治׿Ҵ磬Ҳ˳Ĵܼҡôڹ˽ΪܻܵǼҶܵû˵Ҵʮ⣬ɺڣ
ôҲСܣҲôɣ
һ߶ȥ
ŷĻʱٺһЦǰ׽ȴĽѩһ˻ȥȻؿƺҲڱ˵ǷǣҲһˡǶ֪УҾһһʮ˵ˣ
˵ţĽѩ֮¸˵һ飬֮ƺȴЦһÿɷ񣺡ǵˣ׿裬ԱɱУⶼ޿ɺǣ⵱ݸ߲㣬Ľݼң˭û
ô޹
Ȩ𣬾Ӧ׼Ȩ䡣
Щվز
㿴ҿȴǹоâһƺ˵Щ޹Щ޹Ȩ˫ѵɾˣûմණ𣿼ȻմˣǾͲ޹ҲΪʲôͬģ
һĽѩüͷһǰҲﲻһôˡ
ò㶨Ҳ㶨ƾʲôΪǲ׿˵Ҫġֻ͵һ룬ӦʱҲûοټһ̻ᣬȡô˫մĶ׿екβɣ
ֲ죬ƾʲôͣôˣ
Ҳ죬ƾʲô϶׿Ƕ񣬶еĵƺԣȴĽѩһʱƿԡ
𳤷һԿðʧЦĿڲԽԽˣҲǰһϷǰҲһة֮࣬ĵ˭ˮúܣ˭ԩĽݼ֮ңҲֻǧ䣬ȴûиеĶ˵ʵΪĶֻڵͬţ׿ܼҴ£Ǻܹģ

ЦһĽѩһָǧʬŭĹǳô⣬ô᣿
ƳƳЩʬ壬ƺɫĮһذԪ˧ڣ
ϷڴˣģذɽӰƺߡ
ذԪ˧λʮǰʲôϵ
ˣ
׿أ
ˣ
սʤΣ
սϷҰܣ۽ԴϷڵ۹;͹ȣ
𣿡
սɱƾʵʲôɺ޵ģʧЦһذɽȳޣųı֣ޣܴܵˡϷ׿£ֻǾ壬Ÿսûб˼
΢΢˵ͷƺ˻֣ȥˣȻĽѩ˰ɣսɱȵʤǼȻս͸ж㣬ûƶֻ֣֮ǿ֮ʤǿսʤݣ˶٣Ӯˣ׿壬û˻Ϊа񣡡
ңսаĻҾٸʲôа
͵һ֣ƺ˲óһŵͼǰ׿ĲΪսڱݣݶʮְȡԷݸأΪ׿ļƣһֱоҵ飬ûжʲôʵӰ졣ԣھͿԻȥǷƻһһľ
ңڱսǰǶţԷṳ̂벽һֱΧɱܽǣм䱱ݰûܵ˿ɧšֱսȻҵ׿Ĳøȥ˲ţǴ󹫣
üͷɵúݺݶĽѩ૵Ϊƻʧ˶ǰˣҲôˣ
ĽݹղûҵĻ׿øȥǾǸˣ
ݺݶţƺʱ˵ˣ֮սЩԴߣΪ֤ԼһսٶӦõģΪΪԼսǰ޹վǲĶˣտࣻտࡣ̫ƽʢʱʲôôΪսʱȴǣ
ʻһ޴󳵱ۣǰ·ȴͻȻͯˣҪı·Ա߻һֵַͯڿԣҪѡ񣿻仰˵Ҫײһ
ҡһĽѩȴǶʱסˡ
ѡ
û˵꣬ƺǴȵֻһײһؼĺͯȴڴ·ˣСΪ࣬Ǵ󰮡׿ǡǡ෴һײӣΪǷ˴͸ܵͷһûĴܳͣǴ󹫣
ҲһΪԼս޹ǣһ˽ǲǴԼ٣ǶҵģΪǲϷߵ⡣ΪΪʳʲôñԹģ
ȫסˣĽѩɵؿƺ֪η
ֻƺٺݺݵһۺ֪׿粻ǺˣȴҾصĶˣΪûжֹ֮жĥζ˵й٣㲻ҪΪĺ壬磬ûô


1114 
˵գƺʱ˦˦ӣͷҲص뿪ˣֻԴ͵ͣþò𳤷ȴǸæϼ粽롣
Ǻܿ죬֨һ£ƺȴأͣס
ô
͵ۿ˿ȴֻɫ˫ȭգҧأʮַŭӣ𳤷粻ĳС
˿ƺɤͳܼңʵ̫ˡ㵱һʱҲûиеƾʲôһ仰ôӪʤôûˣ
˼
۾΢΢һУ𳤷粻ͷЦһоâһ·𿴴˼㣬ĵһȨˣ
ƺ˵ͷЩݷչȻѸ٣̫ȽˣûõҴƵĻȨڣΪʲôƴΪʲôֱɲԼʵ̫ˡ
ҡҪ£ٱϼһŪˣоâһƺʱһһ٣ҧ
ؿһۣ𳤷΢΢ͷЦϷˣİɣ´ҸոƽϢ︴գĴʱϷ˻ıһеģľǣ
Ƴһۣƺû˵ֻ֣ȥˡֻ˫ȴǵһɢ
ǰʱ׿ıСһָţǼջ˴Լ
׿ˣµҰŴһҲɣ˷չ׳Ҳֵ÷֮ңӼҷ粻䣬ûҪ˾ĳ̶ȡ
Σ󣬵ݣ£ҲöӶѡ˺ȥƴȫʧأȴ޷ðӦеȨοЩȥ顣ڵ۹սУнءݴսУȴ˵ͣͣûǵһ׵˵
ǲ֪ϲ˺Э飬Կ϶ǣЭǵһϵûУ൱ȫˡ
˰ڲݽĸоƺǰδܹȴزӿͷ
Ȼп磬ûȨκεְǹƨǰϧʿᰮϧգ
е壬ǽȨ֮ϵģûһ㣬ʲô̸
Ҳѹֵ׿ֱҴǿ뿪Ϊһ֮£ҲǱŪ֣ɼӡ
ֻЩ꣬ȴиˣ׿ĿģҾû⣡
뵽ƺ΢΢˱ۣ죬˫Щʪ󡣵ܿͫһھ⡣
󲻻ˣ׿ҵңǸҽģǰڹءӽһߵĵطôûϢͣͲǰˡǵ˵Լףټˣ
һȣƺ㣬̤뿪ˡ
Ľѩؿ˵
٣СӾʲô˰椶˱ӵˣãŷŷӦɴ
бƳƳϹ̲һ죬ε˼ųոոȥˣ
ǲǡ˵е۲ñ粵ңôҲһСܣ̫ܲðɣǴû£ٸһ״
УԭǷſڰη۶Ϲ̲мƲƲ죬Ľѩ˫һؿŷҲ˵ǶǴ󹫣

ŷһʱ͵͵Ľѩһۣ֪λشʱһϤȴǶȻ˶ڣѩ̶࣬Ƕڰ
磡

ף
һ㶣ת׿ȥȴǵʱһȻǴϲرʧѾõˡ
ûȻǰģĽҡŷϹٷɡֻʱ˿̣˵ɫȴʮࡣȻܰȴ޻֮⡣
ƺ˵Ĺ죬Ľѩüͷһ壬ֵ磬ǡôˣ
˴˶һۣ˽ǳĽҴǿڵѩϼһǺ󣬿ºܳʱ䶼ټˣһҲпܣ
ʲôɴʧɫг
˰֣ǰĽҼϼһոѾ飬ʹ˽ӽѩʹĽݼɣ
࣬ԺţҲҪԼչԼˣ
̶ȥҵľϹټҵĹǣúչԼ
ţŷϹٷҲ붣ŨŨĹꡣǣĽѩȴȫɵˣǲ֮ɫΪʲô
һΪ˴벻ܽһսǲףײ̫ãѾǵĴϿǵ̫࣬ȴ׿Ͱףڴľ磬Ҫɽˣ
ཻ˸񣬻Ľҳ͵ôӦҲ֪ˣⳡսôİɣ
˴˶һۣĽѩǽЩã
ȻһЦĽҳ̾ҡҡԴ૳ЩСҾ͸ǰɡһʼǴӷѣսҲơҵǣ֪ԭﾭγ˽ס겻սƽǰ֮أ˭ܵвܽ𣿡
ʵǵʱĬˣǲû뵽ֻǲԸѡΪ𲻰ܽǵ޷ѹƣ˸ݻҵǲܽţпٷݴսʱ˸࣬һͿ̿ѩ㵱֪Ľݼ֮ңϹټңҹʱҲĬЭ飬Ϊľٱҳ꣡
üͷ΢΢Ľѩͷҧ촽
ҲԾˡĽݼ֮û뵽ΪԼļҵҪʹ࣬ӵ˳ܣ
ֹסҡԴĽһįѩմȾףǵĵͻˡĽݼҲǵĽݼңϹټҲһǴ˳¡һȾף͵ħϣҲ󣬻ħ߲أ
͵һĽѩʱ֢ƺֻ׿ڿͷĸ룺Ҫ۷壬ջǳ̫ӣȾħһӴѸ
ˣȻħ˾ͨѵ˵а֮ϣң
ˣλСǣ
ûٿ˼ĽѩһۣĽأһȭͷЦҲ뱧ȭȻһ̤˲䲻Ӱ뿪ˡ
ŷǼȴȻûãԶݳ
ֻĽѩ۾γ̾ǰƺֳ׿ǳĳЦݡ
ʵʤ۱磬˴аֳ֮ԼʧȴԲνȻˣ˳ģȻԼǼаƻĶͽ
Ҳһˣ
һɬЦݣĽѩ̾ϣһк󣬶ĻиĹۣˡ


1115 ´
ݴսȻ˫׼һ࣬սͣսҲʮˡǾʮĹȴݵƣ˷츲صı仯
δսУľǴھƵսˡǼʧķ֮ſס˶ԷϮ˵һβʤҲһʤʤʤ
˵ʤΪǵȷʤǿݴò˱˵ʤȴпܳ׻ⲻܵ۹ʱĳԭ򣬾Ȼˡ
ⲻƴս׵ĵײ㣬һֱˣ˵ĸоǸô࣬Ϊʲô
߲ǵĽͣµ꣬ҲܺúŪֻҪ˵Ϊ룬Ƶ˹ûʵɣôˡ
պ󲻰ܾܽҲɥĲͿ̿ǣȴֻĳЩսָ߲ŻȥģЩֻ˰ڲϣĻῼôࣿǣھ޴ǰոյ˰ʹҲգ۾Ժ
ΪʧأݺܶҪλȻ˳ݾǾڴӳϹ㣬ǱʼգݺݣǶļʧ٣Ҫܶײ㡣
ǺôڱǰֻȿֺҪһɳ죬Ļйϲվϵĺԣ
ˣΪʧأյļҲԺġÿ龰ǳƺֹסҡͷ̾Ϣ
Դˣ޳𳤷ȴּɵģΪϵȨǱЩһԴȥûЩЩȨƵĳ룿
ʵҲˣһŲͬһһգȴһһɡԱȱ£˵ٶȣ˵ǾˮֻǼ¹򣬱Ȼָսǰһⲻ༸ңĪĿࡣ
Ҳˣ˳ΪսȻֲ࣬Աڶ࣬ϾͽڶλãҴмڵơ
ٶȣ˫ԺˣҲ̲סҪĿɿڴˡϾսǰ˲һڶĴڶѣȴȻſڣ˵Ծţһ
Ҳ⣬սô˿˵ǷսˡʽͷչѸ٣ǰǶŻãһսʱƾԳˡ
㣬˫𶼲ò̾׿Ǹ˸õӣºܿ죬˼֮ܵף˫Ժ֮Ҳһ
Ǵʱ뵽ս֮ƺȻֱָ۷壬պ˫Ժѹסˡ
һ棬һϲҳ߸Ȼ죬ȴػָսݡݺͶңȴ©ƫҹ꣬һͷɥͷӡ
ȻҲɵػָţҪĶȴû˰졢졢񽣣ΪŷǴ˶ԸŪǿսҲɽ֣¡
ⲻݵʱɵˣûλͷ綥ţԺ˵ԸܽˣԸŽƶ
ǺΪλٳɽһȺ̤ŷļţһȺغϹ̷ǰݸһȺϼһĽݼΧ˸ˮйͨĽһ첻ͷӾһơ
ǣû뵽ǣŷ߯ص֪ҪȨҪʯÿɪ֮һҡڶǣǻҵʲôʱɽͱˡ
Ϲ֪ûôƤҲǽشţһ˲ߣϹټҲǳصģǿɻλլءˣüɱӺҲһɢپ
Ľݼң˴۾Ľ֮ĽѩҲʧˣһ˭ȥӰˡ
ʹʧս񽣣ȴʷ͹ȡûа취ֻѧһķչ²ɡսò˶໹أǰɣ
ֵ֮֮ʱһݷĴûᡣݾŽʵһӾܺɨݣɴһͳ
ǲԣﾭγȻݽͣԼķģ겻֣ȴûٷˡ
ﾭγγ֮ţôԼİ겻أԭ򲻹ǣ붯ˣ궼ˡ
ǵ۹Ȼǿʢսڶ࣬ǰǴһͳĵ۹ʱȴȻֱշò
ݵشﲩ֮ڶ̶ʮڣʮ򱩶֮һǳ䣬ʷϿǾ޽еĴҡ
׿һֱĺ̻ᣬսʱеʱ˵˷ˡȻʱ̣ܶΪڲ飬û㹻ѹбûôǣֱӽеƶһͨ
ӦģһͷһܶСĵͷߣҲųû٣Ǻһǧ̫ƽ۹˲ͺԺŻ֧ˡ
Ҳﾭγû뵽һֱȶĵ۹ôЩһʼѹҲˡؼǣͬһʱ̣ڱΧսͣˡ֮£ֻжѹȰھȻأȶ˵
Ҳףˣǵ۹ҲǰĽˡΪα̫󣬼Ѹѹ£񣬽ǽ󽫰ӿǰһһͳˡҪԵ۹ôĵꡣ
԰ﾭγǸģǰ׷ģڣҲݴƽҡֻЦݸ߲㻹ΪԼưﾭγЭ飬Լⷽʤȴ֪ѱﾭγУ֪
Ҫʱģǣλةడ
ʦڵˣ
һ谵Ĵڣһصƿһ׷ԲԵ߹ش˳ﾭγһæǰѯʡʵ۰ﾭ̫Ӱﾰ죬ҲǼϡ
ʩһ૳¡ةˣ̫ӵ£ڵ΢ȻʮƷĻ鵤ްˣֻǡ
ֻʲô
üͷҡҡͷֻ˹أԪľ˸ڹа˰⣬ڿ°֮󣬾Ҫ˥֮ˣѾȡ
ʲô˵ֻаꡭ̲ͫסݺһﾭγ´󾪣ץı۰ʦǲûڣ֪кΰ취
ϸϸ˼Ҳΰ̾ʱϷҲ޻֮ˣǡ
ʲô
֮ǰͻƣ٣ֻǡϷô꣬ڵĹȻ۷֮ȴû˵иһ¥顣ԡġ

ȻĻ䣬һ췢ﾭγȻһƻԴзĮĹâ
̲ͫסһﾭؿ˰ﾭγһۣȵγ㡭ǵ۹еʮƷʦ
ڵƣ⴫
зһĹâﾭγбƳһµʬĮ£˵ʮƷʦɱҲɱĻ֪ڼޣĸˣ
ؿһۣϸϸ˼ﾭ΢΢ͷôôŵģĲ֪𣿡
İɣһ·ڻص۶üΪܣҲ彣͸¶ˡ彣ǻȥˣĸȥƽˡ֮һλǾͲΡԡһ£
һĺâﾭγᶨ
ͬʱһƬּ䣬ȻվĶһСȸһСкͨм˫һײ׿
ʼɣ֮ͨ·


1116 

ڵҹīһȾ񷣬ֻͷ£ɢ΢ĹâһƬĹǺܿ죬˿ǻƮڵˡ
һȺಲĴ󺺣СһѰİɽڣOO@@ôǰǽڣԭȴڿһɹһ˵ɽ
λ˽߾ͨˣǾͿ԰ȫȥˣĵĻˡֵǣӽɰɣ
ʱһ׵Ĵ󺺣͵͵ǰȡ
һϵʱ¶ϣĹâ
Ӵҵ谡Ҫˡϴɲ֪ʹߴ˰ӵɻǰˡ˭֪ΣյǱȫʬһ˼ˣҪؼˡٺٺ١ǲ֪ʱûлҵü

мط˷ۣǴ󺺵ʱЦϰˣǵԪϣҲûһ棬꣬ߣǳ룡
һ䣬ҲЦϴźҲг
ԴлЩϣǵʲô֣֪ʲôĻ𣿴˵񹦸ײβ˭ûӣ֪ǿֵزҲĽż뱾ģҲ֪ʱԵü
ѽͲ˵˰ֻ߽˿ɵСбֵܱʮԪְһգ۵Ĺʮ־ȫΪѪˮֵֻߣȴδ档ˣǿ쳹ڣ
ҿļٵģʮԪ֣ǵʵ񲻿ݽͫһһС㣬˶һ֮ɫš
ȻһЦǴ󺺲ÿɷذڰ֣ݽʲô˵ܿȽˣʵ֮أ

һɫȻǴţɣȽҪֱ׷˵еĲܽ𣿡
ˣǲܽδ¶ˣҲˡ˵ǰǴδսܽȻϢ٣ˣֻǲѡ˺ˣЩСϢ˵ˣϽɻɣ
ͷػӻ֣Ǵ󺺴ߴٳһ죬̽Ŀ⣬ȻڶţȻĲˡ
˵еصηʥǷǿأ
ÿһ˵ɻϣ
ʱһСӻ𼱻ǵر˹ˣ쳷ĺڹˣ
ʲô
̲ͫסݺһ˽ǴʧɫǸӣǿ޳ˣҾ˵Σô깤ˣȻˡϹٷƿʮУĺô죬ô졭
ž
һİϣǴŭɶʲôô죬ܰסѶˣǷ֣ȻͰ׸ˣ
˵ͷ˸æһԵĴ˳ȥӡһᣬǶڱ˵һʧûȻǲżæŵأԶȥ
ݣ
ǣǱأһƿʮǵʱסȥ·ȫǿֹסȴǹԪǿߡ
龰һɫ̲ס
󵨿ͽȻҷؽʵǲˣһߴЦһʱ̤ǰһȴǸԪصǿߡ
üͷ̲ס˶ǴҲ͵һ̤ʱȫӿֵǣӸǿ·ߣ
˵ţ˱ݺݳ˹ȥ
ŶԪؾüͷ΢΢һ߲ЦȻֻһأһؾһ죬ΪܴϷЦ
һЦҲ˲Ǵ󺺷ȥ

һ죬˵һƣߵŵŵ岽ǴȴһһҧһʱֹסΣȴǷһȻ͵һ̤˷ֱϣûӦǰһһƴؿڣʱ㽫ɳȥһĨѪطɢ
״磡
һʱһȻһϲǻǵ۵һһѪǴ󺺿
ɵ߿һУȴǺݺҧҧĨһѪǿӲֱȥ޺޵ߣ֣ȻǿܶƵķ֮ϷôֻϷ˵ĸأʵ޴
ٺ١޲޴
΢΢һ죬¶ѪĴǴȣֵǣ尡Ҹǿ·
һǰȥȴǵʱ֣ǴȻˣȴ߻ˣÿ˵ŵĵ·
вâһĨ۽ǣʱǰȥ״磬ǲṼ⣡
סǣһߣΧȥ
৵һٴγǰסЩˣҪҵСܣȴѹȥ
ߣд⣡һЦʮѸΧϡǴҲЦЦطֲĲ
̲ͫסһߵʱ󾪣ãҪԱ
֨
һͣЩ߲ٿʱˡ
״磡Щ˼ˣҲ˻ߣֻǴ󺺣ǻЦݣ쳤ХǱԪϣ˭Сң
ӢǴǧʱЩСٴһ淺⡣
ϣ˵ıԪϣʲôȻڴʱһӰһӣȴȻǰضҪԱνѵ˱һ˿ëֻǱҪǣ㼴ԱҲûãûڱ£ܵ˵ģ
̲ͫסݺһǴ󺺵ʱһԱĲҲͣˣ촽ŵɡƽϹٷƣ
ôˣ
ǻһЦݣϹٷƽţ̧зǿĲЦȻԱǱһ̣ôڹ֣ҲϧôһĶǺǺǡ
䣬ǿֲһǺԴ¡
ƤֹסǴ´󺧣˸ţ󺰳״硭
ݣ
ǣһ߼䣬һȴȻһϹٷһ֮ϡ
䣡
ǿʱɢ˷ֹЩߣʮĹԪǿߣҲֹסϢһͣ󵹷ɳȥϹٷƸǱһ֮⣬Žͣ
ǰʱȴ淺ɫηʥ
ǺǺǡƽǰ㲻ǵ𣿡
Х̳ɢȥӳģǸʮ꣬˫Ŀǹһ˿аĻȣȴһơ
Ǵ֢󣬿ӣʱһгǱ󻤵֮һģ
ûԪϣٺٺ١׸գգ۾겻ɵЦһ
ڳһɵˡ˭û뵽ǵ󻤵֮һȻһΪɡ
ңɾһŽϹٷ߷ˣ
ʵȼǵ񲻸ǿ
˵Ļ˵ģǿȲܽľǿߣ
һʱ䣬˵ַ˾ϣ֮ɫ


1117 ħ
ضǲţϹٷ۾΢΢һУ۵һɱ⡣ӸոһŷߵҲףԷǵ֮ʵ²֮£ҲǶʱ
һָǿĽָ⣬ƬҲǴ˺¡ǿƶǵѹ£ȻҪˡ
ǺηʥϹٷƵĵؽҰֻ·һ
龰Щ߷׷Ⱦɫ´󺧡һŭ̼ǻҷ𰡡
ǺǺǡôĿƽҲǰ˵㻰Сүη֣ѲǵСˡҽ֣˭ʤ˭δ֪أ
оâһһЦ˫ȭ߬ǰǰɵĹǱâҲ˸Ǵۡ
üͷ΢΢һϹٷɻ󣺡ǰչôǵˣ㾿ʲôˣ
ߺߣƽôԣСүĳôˣ
Ϲٷƽɱܴӵȴֻ࣬ˣҵӡֻҵȷǵòϷĸ˶İɣ
ٺٺ١ûҾǴ˶վˣ
һЦʱһ֣ץǸ󺺣˲˺Щˣߣλˣˣ
ߣߣôףϷһȣϹٷأ˫ͫһ׼õһʱ콣˭˿ɵ
䣡
ױڣһӳϵĽҲһ৵ǹɻصƣ·ҪһжΪƽһ㡣
̲ͫסݺһ˼ˣ´󺧣ŵȶӷҲƶֺ
Ǿڴʱһ޺𷢳ʱȫâʢ׼õһȭҲǺݺǰȥͬʱһ׺ϹŹ޵ӰǺĻõĺâֱ񷶥ȥ
䣡
ȭ˽â޻Ӱײǧֻɲǹ򣬵һ쳹صľ췢ռ·Ҫ˺һ㣬ضŲֹ̳סطɵ˲ƬһƬɳ
ЩߺͷĹԪǿǣϵľУѪӿͷʹѣֻǼĹ򣬾Ȼ߿Ѫˡ
ң޿ƥеĿֲ𵴲ûг೤ʱ䣬ƽˣ̳ҲǻĻ
ǵ¹ٴ⼤ҵսʱӳһĻȴڳ˶ɵסˡ
ֻϹٷƱ˴գ໥ţûʲôˡǵмλãȴǿһ󶶶ƺһֱ֮ͣϣ·һ㣬ռ䶼μطֳ룬˵֮Ĵأǳһ׵Ĵ󶴣ǧֱɲ⣬ңңͷ
ոһ֣˾ƴ˸൱˭Ҳûʤ˭һԷûдԷһ˿һĻǰ˾Ҫùˡ
⾪㤵һĻڳˣ߻ǷĹԪǿǣ̲סɬ˿ĭһģͷٲ˺ˮ˵Ǿ֮ɫ
λүʵ׺Щǰֱûʲô𰡡˵ֻҪ͸һ˿һЩ˾ͶҪ֮ˡ
ǿʵ̫ˡ
ЩͷǣһӶˡʵһֱ׷Ǹʲô֯ôһܸǽ࿹ĸִأ
ҪĻǻ׷ƨ鵽ҲץԷϴʵֲ̫ˣ
һ㣬ֻǼĿ࣬ϹٷƱˣҲüͷһвסسȥ
׷Ѿ׷ˣֱڣڿ̽һǡǲ֪һһ˭ôֲܳһˣ
ؼǣĸ֣лжأ
һˣϹٷƵıҲ˿˿⣬㷲
ҡҡһԶһֱϹٷƣȴһ֣¶һ˿м֮ɫƽ겻ҲûʲôôСүΪ˸ٽһ֣ר븺ƬڡǺǣ̫˰ɣ
˵ţת׿ˣЦߣû𣿱Ҫ⽣дһСĲǣ
ŶŶŶ
һǺܿ˱㷴ӦæԴȻǴһȣٴֵѾ
һķŭϹٷƽһ̤ݺ׷ȥܣûôף

նһȴǰһǷߣٴ߻ԭء
ƽĶأٺٺ١һЦƳ
һƬŭϹٷҧгݣȴΡиͬʵĸȷٶһһЩͷǣҲҪ׷һаĿ⣬ʱһ£ǰһˡ
ʵָͷҪǹĻϸȥ
ǺƽһĻˣһ˫˫ֻͫǰϰĳܵԼȴΪֻܴһзŭйϡºݺһ̤͵ȥеĽâǺͣ͵һһ

һ죬ʯ쾪÷Բǧ֮ڣһЩ߲ʱ׿Զҫ۵Ļ⣬ͼҵսȴɢױȵļ֮ɫ
׸磬ֵܼ뱾Ӷˣʵʵ̫ۺ˰һСĨĨᣬǽ֮ɫô˼ҵݰ
ˣҲһͷϣ֮ɫ
飡
һԴӣǴĨһѪˮЦ˼˵ͼģӱԪ϶ûأҪҲȼźͷţ
ԶԶԡ׸˵ǣǺǺǡ˱˴˿һۣЦӭż̫жʱϣ֮ɫ
׸磬˵Ǹڴ½صĸҥһʼ룬ȴԽԽˡ
΢΢һǴһСɫҲ¶ȻЦݣҲǿЦ
ֵǣŵǰ;һƬ

һ棬ľϹٷǹٶУʤ˫ݺݶŶԷҧгݡ
ǿͷȻĵأȻ룬һЦڰֵϹٷƣʹգСүսǣ
䣬ʱһ⣬ʧ
վסֱܣ
ϹٷһȣۿǺâգۼţȴûа취ֻܺ޺޵˦˦֣Լ
֯ʲôͷ

Ȼʱһһʱߣһݣһˣ۶ةټʮ飬Ӧݸأˮħˣ
ħ
üͷ̲סһϹٷ˫Уңңһ뿪ķ૳ôܳħǸʲô


1118 ®
ϵһˣϹٷƬĹԲˣ
һİĴڣֻŻ谵ں˸ŵ⣬һ쳹֮ϡ
ţһλѹӻ˴롣ȥȴϹٷƴսٻغȴ·ɡ
ףϵأֲˣ
˼Ұǰ뿪ķˣʱһΪԵأڵĽУȻ߳һǹƲСӵӣЦСӣȻϹٷƬȫˣҾٸһƬϾҪ깤ǷͻȻˣȥӦһ¡
ûλСӣͨ
ˣͨʱ˰֣Ц𰡣壬ҲŸջϵȸͶˣȥ֪ȥ𣿡
Ľ߳ӳǻƵĵƹ£ȴȻ¶һϤݣǺ̻Ļ᳤Ȼɡֻڵȴǳ࣬ǰôѪˣʢˡ
۹Ǳ巨֮һ㣬ְλҪߣȥĶӦñ˽ǵӣ͸Ӧְ֪ȥĶˣôأ
ǰϵȥļطˡҪôȥһ£һףҪôͱչҪôŶˣ®
žһһƣͨЦһ֪ˣȥ
ȵȣ®ʲôطҸ㲼õأ
֨
һͣҪܵĹͨʱͣӣתͷȴ壬˽ǳ㽻ҵ£Ҹøæⲻ˽£۾۹ô۹أְλ֮ϣҰ˵׵𣿡
ǵʹȨģɫһƬ£Ȼ˵ѾˣʵҲҵ¸Ǹɣǣ鷳
壬͹˰ཻ꣬ʵ˵ǵ𣿡
˵Ӽ߰ߣΪҪǿ
Ƥ̲סһ飬ͨһضòһŤͷȥ͸ϵȥôӼ߰ˣ˵ҵøϵˣǧҰ
ȵȣӣ
žһץסı۰ȻһۣȴʧЦһˣĲɵӣñɡϹٷصжԹҲԸݿɡ
壬̫ˡ
ȱˣһ󣡡
˵ֻҪȥһһһأ˾У
ɫһ࣬Ȼ˼³һĳܴܲһ£Խǵ۹жʲôʱСÿֻ˵ʱҵȣ
͵£ҵ˵ʱ϶ʱ㻹ҵ
ĲҵȻţֻǡԼ޷ٵȥˣ߬ȭͷȻ¶׺֮ɫˣұˣĽܽ⿪ҲܰΪͻ͡һȣȵҲȲϾ˰ﾭγľӪȻٸǿʢʵڿ⵹ϣһȷϣȴֻҵȣȡ
˵Ȼҧĸֱ졣
ͨضţȻҲļͷ֣̾ص壬ģϵƭ㣬ȣһڵһǡʱֻǽǶѣǵչظѸ٣
Ƥ΢ȻΣҲ΢΢˵ͷ
ˣһģĺˡôҾˣ
ٴͷͨת뿪ǺܿһͷЦж壬ʹ䣬ⷸɻ䣬ħĹؿǺϵġҰˣǷһ鰡ٺٺ١
˵ţͨһӰֻȻʧЦͷԴ۵ŵİˡ
һºݱ߾ڣһСλȻ˿ڲ࣬ǱСأս·ˣҲӲ֮
Դһ˵ĵȴһз췭ظı仯ˣû֪˭ֻеسΪäʦ
Ϊ˫Զһײգȴ̾ΪֹмңǧԣδӰֻǿ齣ȻԲλ࣬ͷ뿪ˡ
طҲֻ齣
ˣǳΪäʦҲΪ򲻽оˣ˳ƺֻ齣ܶôϡУֻҪطƵ齣һȣϱȻ޹⣬о֮ơ
壬Թ˵ҲĽʦλʦȴصغܣһ㲻ͣײβҪҲѡԵҲ붯ӲʩҲСڸӲĵˣܿʧⲻЩȡֵ־־壬Ρ
ʱ䳤ˣǵòôеʧأˣҲǡäʦĴ˵ҲĮ˱⣬˵ˡ
λäʦ֮أֻɽһСӶѣһңŽ®֣

һһСڹ˸ʽ齣һʮӣһͷɫٲµŮһѷźİɫһãЦ齣
ѩɣ̣߳ؾŽƷбԵкɢɰس࣬Ϊѩɣ
һŻľƵĳǰһ˫Űײ꣬΢̣૳ȥȴ׿ɡ
ȸ˽ҶԷ콣ĵú󣬲Ƶġ챾з֮⣬졢Եʴ˽һ˸գʤǿɱΪءԸΣգƵУŮӣ
ǰһȸʱϲôףѽרҵģ
ô
΢΢һͣ׿ȴЦȸһôʵƷ˵пޣǸѡôҾҲԸΪʽȽϺã
Ƥֹסһ飬ȸһף˼ǸŮӣܲ˵ί㣡
ŶҾӦŮӵĽʣ֮ģǺǺǡ
ֱ죬ȸݺݵһۣϾͰǽǰִֵˣףҾҪѽˡȻȸ˰ʱ⣬ҲŸոճꡣ࣬ҲʮĻŮѽ㸸׸ҵʮˣ
⻨ǹİĻǺǡؼѽʺ㣡
ҲܣҪѽˣҵ֤ǸŮӣ
Ҫֲ֤ѣ𶯾Уһ¶ݣ
ݺŤŤӣȸԹ֮ɫ׿ȴ̲סЦ
ʱһչ֮ȴش˶˶Уöݺתäʦǰǰһ֪ɷ񣿡


1119 ֮
ŸŮеǺǺǡ΢΢˶׿Ц٩
ȸˣѯôϵҪ𣿡
֮ˣʲôɼģ𣿡
ǻһȻĻȣ׿ҡҡԴ̾°ɣ⽣®֮Уֻ뾲˳һֽľڡ
˵ţ׿ؿڱϣ¶֮ɫ
ؿȸһ⣺ףȻ徲ǻطäʦĴѾȥʮˣò徲˼꣬вˣҲ껹Ĵ֣ˡ
ǺǣǾͼɱռطƾʲôҶǣмƲƲ죬׿ĳȸ뿪ٲߣĨɣ
΢΢˵ͷȸ棬ȣҵͣɣ
٣ϼһȻЩ˵һ׶ĺܰ˭֪͸ҺˣߺߣҪǵǱţǰɣ
ԣһĽſ񡣵䣬һҲط˼ãҪΪȥϼһץͷ
ߣȻǴ
룬ȸʧЦһмƲƲ죬׿ף⼸ʮˡӵܣ·ˣȶ֣ھȥǣ
û˵׿ôϣƽ꣬ǵĬˡ
˵ȸ̤ҪɱصسȥЩ֪ߵغС֪˭ݵˣ˭ǲõˡ
ǣţǵŮȴٴ𣬶֮лŵŭסڣôأңҲʣܸɳǿҪҵ֪ˣǴǲɣ
֨
ŵһ׿üͷ΢΢˶
⣬ȸҲǶʱֹסΣǹɱٴսڣתۿָʾ
˼ãⲻҲǰѾ˼ʮˣÿζǳɨ˶飬ÿζϼһﲻڵʱκòˣһƢ涼ͣ߯Ƕˣ
ǰ˼ãҲ۳Ͷ٣ҪϴԸʱ
׿ţɫһƬ£ҵС벻ҵԵ˰ɣǺǡ
ôʩˣ˼ԸԸǣ˼ҵ£ǾǿǸǿʲôֱ𣡡
ݺݵѵһۣǸСĿٴηäʦǰСŮ˼ĳǰǰСŮʮε޹ķϣһɣĳ
վſڣȸ׿˼
׿΢΢һЦڰֵǽɣҲ뿴֮ҵСʲôˡ
ǽɣ
΢΢һͷȸһ֣ͽŻӿȻ󾲾վ׿ⱬһ˸߲ҵĻӰ룬߽
Ƚһλ΢ֵӣʮ˾ģһ񣬶С˺ᣬ¶֮ɫ
ڶǸӣлһѳһͼΪ󡣱лЩŭɫһݹŵĳ󣬱ͫһ¶֮ɫٿϵ׿ʱ¶ľ⣬һݡ
ڵģǸСˣһ崿ˣЩȵӣһ׿棬æһݣͰ͵ǰǰ
ˣոĽҶˣ㻹˵Щ˻΢΢һ̣׿յ˵СЦ
ԣӵʱһŭҪǰ֣˵ʲô϶
ǻ֣ȻǸӸˡСҲǺݺݵһۣŭ죬ȻҸȥ
ʴԴ΢΢ǲٶˡֻǵ׿Ǻ⡣
׳գҵǳЩĻ̬ȣһٰʮˣ
ؿһۣȸмƲƲ졣׿Ҳ⣬Ūǵϸ˵ûôĻߺߡ
СϷո˵ǸˡݾڵǸ𣿡
ȻˣȻôˣ
ֺصһĵôϼһ˰ɡ˿ݾ֮ף˫Ժ֣ȻҲӣǣֱ
û˵̲꣬סгתۿȥֻСݺݵһֻţҧгݣ죬һԷǲǣ
ǰǧ˼ƺҵ֣ʲô֮ǰ
ţŮȭ
ɫһ׿΢Դ֮С
˼˼˼
ˣС㣬˭
˵˭Ǳͷӣ˲
ƽ׿ĵ˵ǱôҰ
㡭һͣûðɣֻǿ˼ڳö֣￴񱿵
￴ͷӣ
˶˵ͷӣ
Ǳ˶˵Ǳ
˭ѽ
԰˭ѽ
񣡡
ȸ
С׿粵Ƕ˰ѴΪ֤׿һָԵȸػ˵ʲôʲôȸҲǱˣ˵ǱǾǱˡ
ۣ
Сҧгݣͨ죬Լ֤˼ȴ̲סЦһסͣ׿ϲ⣬һֹסЦǰǰͱʶˡһǵһμǰôأ
Ҳǵһμ˲֪ˣ
һЦ׿ɴȳ˵ĸӵܣòҼҲǵɣ
лǣ
ţ
ڣʱһԵ˼ֱߺ죬ݺݵһۣ׿һ㶣׷ʵʲôлǣǾǣǾͲǣСŶԭˣǸ۾㣬ԭô°
Ǻܿ죬׿ȻһУɿһνŵԣΪԼ˭ʸ𣿡
ߣʸϼһ㻹ϹˣҪ֪ҵ˭Ͳôˣ
һﲱӣӴʵ㣬ɽҵԪϣƣүүߴԪ֮һ
ݷɣ
Ȼ˵꣬׿˵ôǱһˣ
Ƕ׿˵ȴǵʱסˣʲôǱ˵˵ʲôʲôǱҶ˵ˣԪϡ
ɽҵ˵ڼǰǱ󣡡ʱ˼س
΢΢㶣ɽһãôû
˵ôǰСֵ𣿺ǺǺǡʧЦҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ
˿׿ȴ죬ʲôˣǰ飬ЩСѾ֪ˣȻһұô£
һʱ䣬˿׿񣬸ã


1120 
û˵ľ棬׿һָǸӣʲôˣҲ߼֮һ
лҸл䣬ݽʮ֮ףүү˴Ԫ֮һлХ磡׿͸һأӲҵæӦ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿ԭˣһˣлأ𣿡
ţǰҸԣлǰ͹ɽ֣֪٣ҲδаŴءүүԼʮʸ֮
ôСһ궼ûعôѵúܰǺǺǡЦһ׿ҡҡͷֻЦȴеİ˺Ľ
ʱֺûЯϧŪˣûǸ
С׿ӣȴǸɻ󣬱˴˶һۣ˼һСǰҼλʶ
ţеԨԴɣȻҲͼ⼸ëӣȻһЦ׿΢΢ͷ˵ɣʲô£
ä壬ʵġ
ţä壿
ǰ֪γƺֳΪäʦҸԨԴֶŮһ壬ɡ
˼תתʱ˽ϲֶ֪Ůγƺأ
촽΢΢һȸţ׿ЦһλõǸ죬˳ƺЩ⣬²ɣ
û۱֣ƺ׿ԴƣŮƺ׿Ϊ壬˵ֲȻСˡӦǴ󲮣үү֮ġ
׿ҲƽЩϸ֦ĩڣʧЦһڰֵСѾͷʱΪǸҹ㣬˳޳ӣϷ緶ǵ洫ˡ
ҵҹùã˫ղһ죬˼һɬҹù˵ҪƼң͵ôûƤûҼҾôҵģ
ûȷôҵģǸûûƤľǡ
̲סЦһ׿ƺվ£ɵȻôѵõػĳ죺ˣСʲô¾˵ɣܰﵽģһﵽ
²ɴϲ˼õؿǶһۣæһݣлȫʵä壬ٹ¾ҵˡֶŮΪҵ˼׼һر񣬿˼ȥҵӵ£ʲôȱʵա·˵أ֪ǰǷ齣һѣȫ
ԭˣ㵹Т˳ĺܰΪ׵ôķѵѵãȻص˵ͷ׿ǿ佱һ˼ҲЦݣǺܿ죬׿üͷһ壬еֻСôͿʼˣӻûأ

·һͭ죬Сէԣ˲סˡ
Ѿĸո˵ʲôСӣȻΪСӣʲô˰ôưӣ˵ʵ˫Ҳô˵ɣ
֪֮£ôƺƺģֻ׿ˡƺվǰ׿ôҲûΥ֮ġ
˵˸ʸ׿ô´࣬ûʲô˵ģ
СͲˣ߸ϣôСǻǵһμ
һͻȻɵ˵ӣȸʧЦһֿ׿ЦôԴˣҪꡭҺҲ٣
ˣһϣʲô٣룡
η۶׿ʧЦҡҡԴֻû뵽ƺСӣȻҲʼˡ뵱һμСӻɿأû뵽ǺǺǡ
Ƥֹסһ飬Сٴһݡ
ѾȻСʱӣѵھصǰɣʵǿ鲼ݣͨϼһҪʵûʵضѣҪûǸ¼ҹˣֻһŮ飬໹һӣôȨ󰡣
ףˣֹ˰꣬ôôᣬȥʮСһǴ˵ⶺʮˣǻǸǰš
̫ʣ˾ôؿ׿һʱסˣнһƬã
׿Ц֮ǻŵ飬͵һ֣ȵСҪû⣬ǽ
ǣллä壡
һ˼澪ϲһͷæһԵлҲǶԽоҿһѸã
İɣˣ˼ã
У
ǰһлʱһͷһֺ࣬˼ĿĽ֮Сɽ΢΢һƲ죬һҲ˽ȥ
ǣⲻ֪һһ
лϸز쿴ÿһ齣ȴԽԽľŵĹâ
ûУþ͸Ͻһˣ鷳ߣɽһ͵شߴٳ˼ҲǽɢϣôлİѺã
̫ˣİѶ޷죬Ͼ޵ĺýرܹǣʱãһƷ齣ȾƷ齣ҪĿҶ֪øһƷǾƷ
ȻƷˣһƷ齣ʲô
Цһɽʱڿһģ˶֪ƷһƷǿ㻹᣿Ҫ˵ðƷ׵ֱ˾С߶٣Ʒɣһ߰ɣ
ǡҾһƷá
ƨһƷȾƷõģԴˣ
лس֪ѡɽȴǴһЦ˼ã㿴˰ɣѾÿ촵ԼҶԽжô˽⣬ԭʲô֪һƷƷӶ㻹ЦˣҪɣ
ĽһѶ˫л֮Բ֪ѡȴǡǡ֤Ƕ֮ˣ
Ȼڴʱ׿ȴ΢΢һЦվǽ֮Уһһǽĵһ㣬ÿһѽǶһ޶ĴڣԼԡһƷҲãƷҲգˡҲˡÿѽԼĽʹ֮˵Ľôͻͬİ·޷֮ǡǡ෴
ոлһƷ;Ʒ齣ϳ֪ǺǺǡǽˣԽȻ˽⡣ǾƷ齣ǰһƷ齣ǰÿҶԽµ򣬱һƷʼһֱʮƷÿе򣬶ѭһ飬֮ܽ衣ƷȻƷ׸ߣǳһƷƷ׵ͣ򣡡
ߺߣЦ齣һôһǵһ˵ģԣɽһЦĳ
һ̣׿мƲƲ죺ǰҲһ뷨ǲ֮ˣȻ֪С㲻ѽѣܴ㽣ĵãҪ֪˰ٱ֮߰ĲϣȻԵо衣ҲΪΣô򽣵еǳе⣬ҲҪ


1121 
ߣ˵ĺһô˵ôģԽඣмƲƲ죬ɽȻŵӡ
һǿɡ
㻹ֻأǶѾ۷ˡĪһٶн޵ˣЩСأ
ɽһ⣬ӵؿ׿ưúܡȸˣ˫һ䣬һȴǲмƲƲ졣
׳գ
˼ҲǺݺݵһۣɽôǰ˵أ񣿡
ţֿ׿һݣǸ⣺ä壬Ǹӣ߻ˣֶŮ񡭡
ްô꣬Сһ۸ڶˣϷˣûʲô˵ģ
Ȼ˵꣬׿ЦŰ˰֣ÿɷҳϣҰѴ󲿷ʱ䶼򽣵ˣΪȷͣࡣû취˭Ұ·ءǰҶԽһϲֻܼͨӱԸԼս
УһԼսʲôԼսģǶָСүСүȥ˾ͺã
ɽסڣ
ɽٴοڲԣһȴǱ˼ٴѵһ١лȴԣԽľôǰǰ·ңȻܽ˵Ƿ켫֮ʵ漣Ҵûĸʦ齣ǰЩģ·ǶƵġ
ٺٺ٣۹⣬ȻܸܵЩҾǿ򽣵ġÿᣬȻһƷʮƷһ飬һôǧѽˡе齣ҲԽԽԣ
һȻĻȣ׿¶Цݣźܿ죬ٱչͻƺ󣬾ܸǰ֮սˣ
龰ɽмƲƲ죬ٴηгһߣѹάòϣ˼սȥɡңҪүôٷ磬㹦òҲûʲôؼƽӹ֮ˣǸϹӣάݸ˭
־òάͳ
ѽѽҵҲ־ܼҺǲһȥҲϣʱ˼ҲǸæ죬Բ
мƲƲ죬ɽ˿ţôһأ⾰ڻ۷ǿߡͷҲǰ⾰ȴֻܲϣƽάԼǲ˧˰ɣ
һСؿ׿һۣȴҲûˡ
ȷΪԽߣԽôòͻᱣӦ׶Ρƺڻ۷壬ǧô꣬׶ڰˣĿҲһֱ̬
𳤷ǣȻ˥Ϻ󣬲ŵõᣬңƾʥʯΪȻҲӳ࣬ǰȻ˥ϣָݵĻһֱӡ
ӣǲмȥάǵģҲֻŮӰݿʤԼϧķѹա
˴½ĳȴഺ޵е꣬һ־Ȼ˴ΪҪ´ݲˡ
׿ߣôҲ־Ӱ
֪׿ع鱾棬Ϊ˶ʵΪʵҲڻ۷塣ΪȵĻӦȻ˹Ԫ۷ˡ
ä壬ɽȻͳ˵ĻġȻҪսԼҲûҪˣͦʵġ
꣬˼׿һۣӲЦʵվΪģ£ǴﵽĸģڻǸϽޣЩʥʯҪĻ
˵ţ˼Ȼ׼ӽָóʥƷʥʯݸˡ
͵һ֣׿ȴشɫҲǰδе£Сǣģʵߵֵ͡Ҳգһ˿ֻһֻǸʱΣǶ·ϣȥ͹ȥˣҲҲΪҪȴ׵úܡ㹻Դʱ䣬Ϳˡһ򽣵ΪΪ֪ءжԶ߶ԶܿͻͣͲǰģ
Уһѣʲôʸѵǣɽһмӣ΢΢һشסˣлЩ磬ƺûס

Ȼһ׿йâһʱһ߳£ɫεĳԡǹǿ͵ɢСرϢһͣ´󺧡
⡭ǡ
ལ߳߰˴磬ؾŽž֮λǶ֮ףΪȣо֮ȴ԰Եâ˽Ϊ࣬ͨأչӺӣĵȥɣ
ǽ׿ֵ̧ݵ˼ǰ겻⵱Ҹˣ
̲ͫסһСʱǳɫյһ㱣ľƽɽʱ˿Ҳֹסһ㶣ȫסˡ·˽ǵǸƿĿֺ
ֱ֮лŲɵô󺧳ǡʮƷݺҾ֣
ʲôʮƷҲ󺧡
ǺǺǡҲ˵ô򽣵ǴһƷʮƷˣǿýˣ
΢΢һ̣׿ʱӵ˼Ȼһƣһ͵ƷʱƳ⣺Уҵ飬Ҳˣ֮д̸

һ죬űݺݹϡӲ˲Щ¡ŷӦеǰɫеľٳɢ
ô£վȻһƳˣһ㷴ӦûУ̫˰ɡ
һۣ½һݣȻѳ˼ٴι°ݣлǰͽ֮£ĪҸǣԵһǰ
£˻࿴滶뿪
ûаһˣ󽣳ɹˡôһѵΪһʮָ˵ġ
ȸ뿪ɣ
ȥĽŲ׿̾
һ㶣ȸһ֣ף㲻˵
˴طѨֻʣǵ۶ݵķʽҲѾõòˣ󽫽µһ̣Ƿʥ֮ʱڴ֮ǰҲٴƽˣ΢΢׿ĳ
ؿһۣ⣬ȸҲǵ˵ͷ
Ǿڴʱһش䣬һɹɿ͵ƶϯصС
üͷһȸ쿴һۣһɷԷడֻ깵ĵطôأ
ȸǼС챦ҡУ֪ߵغ񣬿»ӣȥӦһ£΢΢Σ׿ĵ
һۣȸ΢һͷһ̤Ųɳ⣬ֱ뿪ķ׷ȥʱ˿̣˻֪лɾǳལһ˷ܵɽС·ϣʱҶᣬĿ֡


1122 ͺӥħ
˵λǰʲô˰ʲôԨԴǰɫͣ棬˼ɻ󣬿ˡ
ЦŰ˰֣ɽ˿Ϊ⣺ʲôԨԴƾǰ죬첻ȥɽģ㣬֪Ŷѡһ߶ѣܸ˳ʲôϵߣЦ
ǿ˵׼
˰֣лһ£ҿɴδߣʮƷģһַپľٳȣҲ°棬һΣ
иƨΣΪĿõģոһưƳҲǳǲ͵Ϯ֡ĻǵʵܶһëңԼҲ˵ˣԼ˰꽣Լ˲ǣҪ˵Щָɵ£ûëǮϵûУʲô֣УϡЩ⣬˭Ŭʵ𣿡
˵ˣܾäʦ͸һظУɲ⣡üͷţɽĻлǴ
η۶ɽмʲôɲģǾװƸǿģҾͲţһ˻ߣʲôزȥ
һ˼˱˴˶һۣҲǻȻصͷ
ǰһߣƺĺѸﳶһ˿һƵĹϵ
ʮƷеļƷڣϷγԣǺ˵ͷȻڴʱһаĽȴǶȻ쳹Ƭա
ţһͺͷߵӰȻһ˸ǰʮĵطЦһָǳལСôĵӰʮƷ͸ҡУʵǲ¶ͽﰡʶʱģͰѽȻĻߺߡ
ͫ͵һ˼ʱŵһ£ѽݺݱڻеʲôˣ
ԣ֪˭ôǵĽòͷˣɽҲһŶԷǿƣֹסŰӣǲŪԼݣ
һЦͺͷ˫ֲаСǣүүĴǱɲҪˡˣүүݵͺӥħ
ʲôǸ°ӣɱ˷Ż޶ͺӥħ̲סһ˼󺧳˵ۣںҪץסӰӣô֣
æԴлҲأǰͺӥħĻ˵ʵڹԪؾڣҲ⣡¡鷳ˣ
֪ͺãô͹Թ԰ѽɣ˳㡭ɴЦһͺͷߵһаâ˼СͷҼ죬ͷұ֤˺ǣô
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͵һ̤Ų˼ǰɽŭĿӣȻͷ亹죬ǿթ֪ʲô𣬾ȻҶǣˣ
ŶҵȤǾηʥôϷ򰡣üͷһͺͷߵʱЦ
Ƥֹס˶ɽҧҧȵϴɾˣ˵ˣλС飬Ҷı˸Ͼɱ
ʲô˵С㣿һ˼һۡ
һЦɽһôˣ
£¸ƨ
Цһͺͷ֮ɫʲôݵĵͷ߶ѡϷ첻ݣܵݶܣҲһңǿħǿ𣿡
ʲôħ
²һ£󾪣ɫ˲ֳ
˴˽˸˼֣군ˣôħүү˵ʮݴ½һ֯ħضǿƣƣҲ֣ĵһֱȽϵ͵ûݸйҲͲȥħͷû뵽޶ͺӥħȻħˣˣ
Ҳһ֮ɫ
Ϊ̫ӵһ˵ģ˭룬ĴסˣܶԸħͷ
һˣ˶޳ˡ
ݣ
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üͷֹסһﾭγɫǰδе


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˴˶һۣе˶죬еɻеĳأеĳɣƺ뵽ЩʲôƵģֻûб
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ǰ̻֮Ƶã֣֮׳֮ħǰЩç򣬲ͬնﰡ۾΢΢һУɪҲӣ૳ֻȴǲʱһĻȡ
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1125 Զĳŵ
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һаĴЦڵĴ죬Եɭֲ


1126 
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Ȼص˵ͷɪɫ磬˻֣ȥ
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ҵ˭أԭɪҪǺǺǡȻʱһЦȴ𣺡Ȼˣ֪ӸŶɣαô£Ҽʮ꣬أ
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ǻһаĻȣ׿ɾǱϣһһεĲڷǰȴͻȻһ֣ơ
ۡ
ߵȫԸνϣȴǶʱһĳ죬Ȼأʧˣһ˿𶯲ûдˡӰ磬Ů޴ϵСȭء
̲ͫסݺݶ˶ɪ´󺧣Ҳͻ޾ĺ⡣
ⰵҹħʵȻ˱̬ɲ⡣ǽνϾûЧ̼ͱȫ⣬ƨ硣
⡭ôܣ
ͺӥħˣҲǾĿɿڴŴܹѼˡͬʱǸڰôõ⴫˵еĵˣȻʵͨ죬߳Ҳֹһذ
Ļ֪Լɪ̽ӣҪɱԼɪҲ
һʱ䣬켱ÿ޳ˡΪɪδԺݾͿԺˡ
ʲôħ巨ģŶǴģôܸݽȣ˵Ļ͵תˣÿ͵͵ģ
ʵȴǡðǻôʲôɪ˼һָͷ
뵽ͺӥħæ׿£ⲻ°ҲǱƵģɪģ
ˣԹˣ֪Ļ֪˿ɷ֪£ΪǧҪ̽أ֪ʮУɪӦǸɣɽˮôŬҵ˰ҵĵж൱ɵģҲûɪΪ˿
ȫûĿߣ׿ֻǽŶĽףЦ
ؿһۣɪȴǺЦô˷ܣǺܿɫһ֣࣬ص˺ڱشǰ֪˿ɷٻشһ⣬ħݣǷ½ǵ۹Ĵ㣿
Уɵأ׿
Ϊʲô
Ϊ·ˣͬһ֮ɫ׿شú档
û׿Ҫ÷Ǹͨݵʽǵ۹פݣ綤һ㣬γʽγɡѵȥøضӲǾˣ
ƾʲô
ǵ̶Դǿʵ˵ģûʵ˼ƾʲôȻʵֺȥ
գ׿ΪԼĿ꣬һҪ½ǵġֻڻʱҲڵʱĵ
ضţã˵ĵȷģɪһЦɢϣĹâ˵ĻԸϲˡǡɣ
üͷһȸСԣһؿһۣڿߵͺӥħҲֹסһؿǲ֮ɫ
˵ϴ«ʲôҩҳ䣬Ϊ˶ԸҪ֣ôģ
ΪΣ
׿ɫƽƺ뵽ֿܣǿʵҸɣƾʲô㣿
ΪйͬĿ꣬ǣ
оâһɪ̾һ૵ʵʵڽһͳ֮ǰִ콣ģҡʱܽĴսҵͷϡ˵ʵǸţδ콣ǰȻ޵£ӲǼУ񽣡㣬۳ݣ߽Ա¾ǼҲįˡ
ض콣ǵȴһƾ汲¶콣ҲСɣڼݽ֮УȨͳġҲԶǲܽ°̫ܽ࣬ǲˡҵĵҲûаֻɡһֱݽĿģһᣬװ⵹
ҵǣ
ڼʮǰҾѾע⵽ħĴڣκ˶緢֣ÿǸᡣҲ֪߶ԶŵδǷпв۹ΣԱ㰲һЩ̽ӽȥ۲죡
ؿ׿ɪ¶˼֮ɫҵĵȴûа׷ѣ˵ţ̶̰䣬齨ܹ⽣ʮԼ޵Сôڿȷ֣ӦϣǱ䣡


1127 
΢΢һȸ͹ͨһۣ뿴׿ϡͺӥħҲЩȦôϷΪҪ
Լħˣʲô
һֱΪԼǽֻ̤ͺӥħʱ˿̣ȴǺȻ֣ȻҪϲԼǰô£ΪʲôǸǣߴ
Ǿλϣ׿ãһЦÿɷҡҡͷɪĺ⣬ˡϧʱ򲻵˼УǵĺܽӲδܱȵã
ôʲô𣿡
Ƕˣʵд棬һս𣬺ƽϢʤˣҵɰȻݹעһΣҪǡʤļʻС
ô˵һɪæ
Цһ׿Ŀڣܽ𣡡

ƤֹסɪȴǺЦǣϼһδˣҲһ˲Σս֮

һͣɪ׿ôͻȻһʣȴǳãҡҡͷϼһֻаﾭγͻʵ֪ûһ֪ġ
΢΢һЦ׿ͷͶˣһΣյĲȷţҶɪһ侲ʱȴһҪ鱨֪⻹ǹ⡣ѱü겻ǲ˺ǣ
˵ţ׿ߣȸ͹ͨڲࡣ
ɪһæȵȣº˵Ѿôʱ䣬ںٵȼ꣡
ˣô˵ȴɵԼˡ˵ʵҲ뱻ۣԼĶܲס۾ɱεˣɲ˴£
ôôſԺƤ΢΢һɪæ
뿪ӻͣ׿˼ЦǸˣӦ֪ʱҪ๵ֻͨҪϬɡˣȻĿĲһĿͬġ㣬֪κˣǺǺǡ
üͷ΢΢ɪͷ
СǸҥʱ׸ɣ׿˰֣ЦһȻﳤȥȸ͹ͨҲǸ˲ʧӰ
ɫ΢΢˱䣬ɪؿ׿ʧķ򣬲̾ⰵҹħˣﾭγжˣ
ˣԭҪ
ʱͺӥħٴɪߣĳǻ˵꣬һѾΪһѪʧ
ɪջƣһƬĮ֮ɫ
㡭֪̫ˡ
ףǸͺӥħȻѵôŹ
˻һַǷĴϣͨʱԶɪЩԹ
˰֣׿ʧЦǲͽ̽ӣֻ۵ʮѡĽ׵ˣĽֶûж⣬ӣΪôС˺Է졣ңϼһĽ׻ʰġ˼ҵĹñԼɣǲԽ޴ҡ
ô
֪̫ˣĽףԼħ˽й©ȥ𣿺ǺǺǡĽ׸ոնǿϲʱѾעҪϼһˡǻȻЦݣ׿Ȼ
СˣҲ˵ص˵ͷ
ʱȸתʵףո˵ǸҥڴǸ˵ҪǡǸĽ״ģ
˾Ųʮ
΢΢˵ͷ׿ո˵ұжԽǻִţĸҥŷ֣һн赶ɱ֮ơ֪жԿǵʵԹɢҥ˫ޡһǶԽûǸ˼ҲòˡøǺһ˽ǵ۹
ʱҥǻˣҥԣõܡ˫Ƴˮﻢˡ䲻ôᱻá˵Ǹҥ£һǿӦȷǲġǾ֪ˣСĵ㣬ˣСһΪףٸҸ㻨ˣ
˵ص˵ͷСӺȸȻ
ι˵ôնҪȥɱл𣿡
ʲôȥɱ̫ݶ˰ɣôҶݵˣ
ʲôݶ˵ն˾⣬ݼķΪһǧĳŵ˰ʧɢĻһˣҪôΪǰǰһ׮ҳޡ½ˣ¾ݸ֪Ҳ岻ֲ֣ս£
ǶԷݶҪɱ
ΣٶҲǽˣϵĶԹ㶼㲻
ˣ֣ǧҲˡڽ֣ȡϽ׼񲻸һ˼ֲǧ򣬹Եء
ɲզء
ģһO@ش׿Ķ
Ӳһͣ׿΢΢˶˫üͷ𣺡ȥɱƺ
ףҪȥ˼Сĳ
˰֣׿˼૵ΣȥɱΪλֵǷ꣬˾֪أ
ףʲô˼
αΪһΪ˵͵ί֮뱨Ҳزôһ鱨й¶öԷ衣Ҫ칦Ҳõͷ˵ѵô϶һܳɹ
üšһ׿˼ú󣬶ȸСӣȥҵһݶԴµķӦȥ԰ѵ£Ǹ׶
˴˶һۣ˹һݣǣף
һ棬ݺڷɽ˴Ӫұʱ˿ȴǻ֪ͷŵƽʣ׼ƺһʮĴ١
ڼﲻ׷׵ϰȴǸƣݵͷȫˡţҲһ䣬档
ϣϲϲ綫ٱɽ
ˣ
Ȼӭɷˣ
żˣӦõģμ磬ʵ԰
ӭﲻƺ¶˾վŴͱȭЦݣȴȻЦˡ
ʱƺ¶ûǲɵ¶Щɬ¶һʮʲô٣˵죬Ҫ죬ڲô
ܹ˭㣿
η۶¶Цŵһۣ˭ǰҪȨƣȻҪ͵ϵõϵʽܼҲ˵ôһСʮһͷˣĶҲ˳㽫֮ɢȥġȻе鷳Чð
⼸ʮ˵Ϸչ⣬ݵĻȨҲվܱ˫Ժ겻˺ö˰ɡݾڣŷ˫Ժöܼ࣬ǵļƻûд
ǲһƺεͷǰôȷЧȻ˵ҲԽԽֻ࣬ǿÿθΪӦ鷳ˣ
˵ﻰⲻӦõô˫ղһ죬¶¶Цݡ
Ǻܿ죬ƺĴף˼ѾͷأĶȥˣ


1128 
£¶Ҳǲһ㶣Ĵ쿴ţһãǰѾͷĶȥˣҡƨҲˣ
¶ã˵˭Ǹƨ氡
Ȼʱһ٩ȴǵʱ𣬽ţһĿӱǰЦСӶѾãӰ϶ϲߣܲƨҪɴԶһˣ
Ƥһ飬¶΢΢ƲƲ죬ȴһ
ǶҼҹŮ
ƺҲһЦڰֵƴ磬˼ͽɽǻС۲ȹ˵ɣ
СС˰ɣüͷһƺٺһЦһϣƺϵܣҵĹϵͿʼˣ˸Ǻ齨С÷С޲£ʮֿۣǾϼףһ׮𣿹
Ϳ۶ˣҼҹŮܿǶӣ
ԣ¶ؿһۣȴһɫҲЩƺҲʧЦҡͷÿɷ
ǾڴʱһȴǺ𣺡ƣô꣬㻹˲ҪǶӲѧĿˣ˭˲֪ǧ𣿡
˭ѽ˭ô˵ϹҶأüͷһأתŭȵһĿȴһ죬³һߺ˵˭أԭ㰡ֲˣ˵£ƨ°
̤̤̤
һŲ̤ӳǸĮӣ߻ƲСӣһ˫ͫϬ쳣·һѳ衣ȴǽʮ֮ףԪ֮һлХĳӣлˡ
ƺ˱ȭһݺлٿƣЦ䲻ˣҵǣҶҲгҪ£Ҳ룬СĻ£ұǲ벻ˡ
ʲô°
Ȼҵ£ȮӶǧ𣬿ҲкøУ˵ţлƺ˱ȭЦƺϵܣϷƽĽȮտлƺϵܶӹˡֻǺѳ꣬׵ģҲ뾡һЩ׵ΡȮӶһƬϣϷи֮룬ȫ
˴˶һۣƺ¶εصԴ֪Ǻá
ãһƻģ
Ȼǲ֮룬ǾͲҪˣΪģȻƺδڣЦһڰ֣棬ƺȭƺϵܣ¾ȶˣʲôʱ£
ģʲôͶˣݺһƣ˸ģлٴƺǰϡ
ǻ˵һлģ㶼뿪ˣڲ£ܵ𣿡
ǺֻɲǹԭȵѣʱŤһ𡣲ǵȻֻǺƴֺͯϷ˭˭
ƺһԿÿЦҡͷȴǲ֪Ȱ衣
ţŵ
ʱһȺϲ̵ǰȭҪϲȴǺһ㶣ǰһĻˣлǡ
ʦ֣
Ƥһ飬лʱֽͣţƷֿˡο˶һۣɴЦְлǻؼˣɺܶôôࣿ
û˵л䷭۶ȴǺе¶һ˿΢Ц
þòƺα˱ȭϲЦտ
Լĺ񹧾ϣ΢΢˰֣ÿɷ񣺡ҶԼֵܣͱˡҿؼǵãݴսǰƴҵұȻûˡ
ӦõģҵܽڣҲ١
ⲻһ£ǵΪ׿֣Ϊľ֮ͬն֮֮Ǿһˣϵܣϲϲ֣һȭϿҡ
ƺҲһϧ
ʱһź𣺡ħڣħ̫ڣ
̤Ĳ˺ܿǰЦһϣֵǶˣǳٵˣҪԷƺϲϲһ֮Թ٣ҶˡֵܰǶټ
ħҲǵЦһ΢΢ͷһ˹ȥ
Ц׵УʧЦҡҡͷƺǫ
οһۣʵˣҶأô궼û֣ûҵ׿ڣɾˣ
˵ţһֻĴָ
ˣˣԴǴݴս֮Сʦܻûʧˣ֪ȥˣѶ
Ȼص˵ͷҲǳ̾һ԰Ǵδս֮󣬺ܶǰֶʧˣҲΡԺǶɽһںˣ
˵˱˴˶һۣǳĬصԴɫءսȱݸ֮ˡ
λȻСܴ٣㲻ЩĵˣСһʹһΣ֪ǣƺʱЦһ˴е˻ˡ
࿴˿ҲǴЦһã
Ȼ󣬱˻᳡
ݺصﲻֱƻ裬Ż롣𳤷޳ڲ쿴к嵥ȴüͷһ壬һۣһ³
ôˣλܼңкβ𣿡
ʱһȴ̧һһݣС㣡
΢΢˵ͷù񵥿һ£ǻȻЦݣƷ鵤ʮƷʮһƷҩģ⼸ʮ͵ԽԽˡƺеλãҲԽԽ˰ǺǺǡ
ǰԽԽˣ֪Ǹǻüͷһ𳤷粻̾һ
̧ۿ˿Щ֡
һ𳤷繧С㣬ԼҪϧһдʱǱйԤ룬ڿĳˡ
ʲô飿
˫ԺǡԽԽˣ
üͷ𳤷糤̾һ˷չ٣˲ģһʼ˲ŵʱ˫ԺϣһĻǰʮ꣬ٵ˫Ժ񣬶ʹ˵ĻȨԽԽأǿҲԽԽࡣ֮Ķʮ꣬˫ԺҲ䵭ԽԽᡣ
ֱʮ꣬ûй񡣶ʮǻȨصʱеĲ˫ԺͿɾڳãڽܿգ߸ɱ֮֮£
üͷ̲סһѾ˵˫Ժƺ
ûǸ̶ȣ
˰֣𳤷ϸϸݾأڷϣ˫Ժ׶ǣˡнĹأûеķˣ˫ԺҪִݣṫȻ£ֻ¡
ֻһֱǣץСӡһʲô飬ʵˡԽǷ˼⣬ԽҪ͵ٵ͵ǣĪҪʲôӣ
Ȼص˵ͷѲ̾ƺѡ·Ҫţ۶ķգöţһ㣬׿뿪ʱ͸˵Ҳ׼ɣ
ȷ׼۷塣һ㡭׿ܼĺ񣡡
ǣʦ׿죬ǻȻĻȡ


1129 ҳ
ĴڣڱȻϯ䣬ƺЯŷǰλã˹˱ȭЦλϣμС磬ʵСңҲԣڴСܺ˶лλݹ٣
˵ţһݡ
ˣǺǺǡڳͣҲ洺磬뻹
ƺ˻ŵΪǰЩʱСһֱݱ߷֮£˴׼ԲִһЩд֮أλ
˵ţٴһݡ
ˡ˴˶һۣϬǵЦŰڰ֡
ƺԣȻǿ׻лڳ˶ǽϵһ⡣
⼸һֱ߷ͱҵĵλݵľԪ˧ڳֵܵĴڣҹϵʮܡݳȻʯ˭Ҹ˲ԸǸԼԸԺݻˡ
ǣ˰Եʾƺȴ˵ıԴ֮硣ָǿǲȡ֣ʮֵ͵˶֡ȻҲܶڳбͣιˣ׺̬֮ɼһߡ
ԣڳ˶ҼȾη׽нύ֮⡣ĻһζʾǿֻǾԶ֮֮ߡ
ڣλı֣ȴܰУȻǿ󣬵ȴºͣԶļɵ
ٴֱڳǵЦ⣬ƺҲ΢΢һЦ㡣һ£ܽüʮˡ
ȻڴʱһƬ̬֮ܰʱһĴЦȴǶȻ쳹ϯ䣺٣ϲ֮£ΪβϷ򰡣
㲻ܽȥ

һOO@@ĳ֣һųߣͷ׷ȴ̤֮߱ڣӣףɢƣȴڳһͣһǹԪڵĸ֡
ļҶһֱţȴǱЩһԣôҲסֻܿһ·档
һݣһЩͣҲһͷϸϸ˽غƣϼһôˣǸ˲𣿡
ǰ߲ƣкϷˣص˵ͷڳ˶ղۣͣһ˫Ŷˣԩ¡
ǷҪס
ˣȥɣ
ǼҶһɬæ״ƺ΢΢˻֣뿪ֿߣһЦȭʲôˣ
ǰòû£˲֪⣿Ҳ˪վ͸һɺ⡣
һЦغƲÿɷشЦ˴СԸ㣬Ϸ֪ġû뵽˸ǿܵҲɫô˵Ҳˣ٣ûɲϷ򰡣ϷǰʱջأǲˡȻæڱ߷֮£ˡûϵϷǰף٣
ߣһɽկǻϧ룡һЦѵˣһˣ
ۣ
ͣڳٱͶ͵ЦغƵҲǹ֮ɫ
ݣ˭֪ȸģҲݵһ塣˶ǺЧµģʩЧһŪòײ࣬ûʲôɫֻˣһӣֱ׷ϡ
һзӢۣڶǾǳԻǰһֱǻӰеĴڣ϶˫Ժںͷţ϶ǡ
ԣѹȻڿ࣬٩ΪɽկȴԶԣֻһݺݳţɫ
ûϷ簡ϷˣòᵱϷȥɣƺΥ˵Ĵҷ緶
ôɣǾ͵һ˫꣬ûʲô˵ģƳһۣƺЦһơ
ذ˰֣غ¶һ˿֮ɫȴǲ޶Ϸǲʶ̧֮ˣȻϷϷҲôʶʱֻѵһ棬٣ϷȻˡˣ̧
ǣ
һȣһ󺺹һ񣬵һĿ⣬һųߵľӣȥ
֮ɫƺؿ֪ˣʲôС
һ̣غ¶аâһ֣žһǺӵʱ򿪣Ŀĺأ÷̵ֱ۾гһ졣
ӦǹʶĿȥ̲סȻһгʮƷ齣
Ϸ͸񡣱ӢۣЦɣǻһ˿а죬غƺһݣǿȴơ
龰ʱը˹һͷӶ澪졣
ʮƷ˴ĶŪ䱦
ǰʮƷ֮ڣҲǼΪĴڣ˫ԺҲһС
ֹ˫ԺڣֻݽôһѣݣδοǼƷˡ

еˣ貵ĺâĿ⣬涼Ǿɫֲ̽ϡƺˣҲƤݺһ˼ؿǣɫ¡
غƷҳӵġ˫ԺָʹѹǵġǼ٣Ǽ棬պ˻ţһЩ׸֮ͽҪȫˣʱ޳ƺԣɫأϸ
΢΢˵ԴƺܣǾ֮ɫһֹס¡ѾĸŸģѡǲܼʱס˾ˡ
һʮƷ˵˾Ǽϵûʲô˵ģĲǹؼֻĿǰΪֹóʲô俹⡣
ţƺת׶һԵĳ׺ૣϣоãʲô˽ûУ
ϷֻʮƷʦʮһƷóʮƷļƷĶмܵסɫһ࣬׺ҲΪѡ
һ̾ƺҡҡԴ°ޣݺݵغһۣȴûһ취
ˣҲֹסҡͷһԵνͷӶ˫Ժ˵ķչ٣ԽԽԲŸ֧ƺˡһȻԲ顣ڷչ˼٣û˫Ժ֧֣ôܣʮƷΪ˫ԺͣƾǵҵףˣóΪͳȥǲ
ǰǶ֮ͽһʮƷǽǣ˫ԺĿʼ˰΢΢˵ͷβ̾ɫһ꣺ֻ˫ԺǰǸ˫Ժ𣿡
Уǰ˫ԺûввȻҪˡµĲչٶȣ̻ͨᣬӪʥʯ˵˲˫ԺҲԸ㵽ʥʯʥʯţҲתʱ˫Ժܿˡһ˫ԺȻҪı䷽ˡڸƺ֮óˣǺǺǡѹֵ׿ȰңҪɵԶףȾ簡
ؿһۣҲ΢΢ͷ̾һһƬʧҡԴ


1130 ȫ
ŵâغƻܣǳԵĿ⣬аЦһȭλѽΪƣϷϸѡ֮£ָġϾΪϷֺܳ᣿
̸ܣʮƷмѣ⻹ϸѡкܶƵģװƣ
ǲһ·׷ײޣ齣âȴһ
غ⼸仰ԾǱбĺôǾɵǮࡣѣҲͦ⽻ģֲԿϾ˭ʥˣҪʱЩҵģǵȻԸཻ
ȻЩ϶ؿ㣬˿һ㡣ʮƷȻˣһԸ˫ַϣ
ȫڳ˵̬غһЦĽǳ쳤ƺһݣɢâ
Ƥһƺۼ˾²΢΢ݺݶŶԷŰȴǲ֪˽ýӲýӡ
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1131 ҷ
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ޣԭˣȻص˵ͷˣʱȻһЦΪǻǹҳϵģϷأ

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ĽݼĴС㣿üͷһЦϷƺĽûʲôƽϼһǸһЩŶԡ֪ĽݹϷ򣬾£
˼³ݣȴΪɵԴͬʱһԵĽѩӾ졣
λȻôӣⵤ֪ܴ֡Ϊǵ˲ĽݼΪǧȴݽǶСġ
Ͼ˼ҲһλѹģܸЩһһᲢۣ


1134 ܼ
̧ϸϸشһǽ®еûд򶷵ĺۼĽѩҷ̲סһ䣺äʦأòᱻ˰ɣ
Ҹ˵أżʽ裬ˡ
ؿһСݣ΢΢һЦֻڣֻнûˡò˵ÿѽ̲ĽУ̾ΪֹϷ򾹲֪дˣµһʦ˰ɣǺǺǡ
ԣ˼ɳãäڣûⶾ֣
ĽѩɲСǳֹ֪նäʦΪ£㽫أ
Ϸֻʸ⣡
ô򵥣ֻ⣿
Ǵ𰸲Ϸ⣬±˵ҪժԴˣ۾΢΢һ£оâһݽ
ԣĽѩҲһֶɱ⣬ƾʵǵģ˵ҲǹԪ۷徳ˡ
˼Ҳ´󾪣żһäǧɱأ˻Ǿ֣ºҪǻûˣҸˣ
ǺȻûʲôá
ϣְ⽣®ܾûôˣ
̲סһ˽ת׿֮ȴһŰ£˫Űײ꣬ǻһֱһ˿аЦݣлмϤϢˣǺǺǡ
̲ͫסݺһ˼ʱ󾪣гäܣҪɱ㣡
ɱң˭ûǸλɣ˿Ϊ⣬׿ÿɷЦһûаֹǡ
ѣ
һɫ˼ת׿Ľѩ˵ݣȴǺķ֣ǿ׿쳣죬·һ㡣
ʵҲȷˣָ׿ӲãŴг㡭û
ҵȻûȻģ𣿡
û뵽äʦ
ĽѩҲƤ΢˿ڳת׿治˼һۣ㲻صˣλä壬µһħͷ˾ˣ˭ܺ
ԣ˭ɱأѾͷˮ裬λѣҪúģ
ɴЦһ׿һ֣˵ѡ
ʱĽѩ˷˵ҩ뽣®֮׿Ǹˣ®֧һСͤӣӳźɽɫƷ衣ǰŵĽѲˣֻ޾ƽ͵Ȼ
˼һһˮ󣬱һؿˣˡֻǸ˵®֮ڣɽ˱㼱һԣĶʵ˼ãϹӾηʥôնȰˣܸƽƽǰʲôİ
ô֪
дɻ˼Ҳؿ棬֮äһ򵥡Щܶ˽顭
ű˫龫ֵĿ⣬׿΢΢һЦҲΪ⣬ֻǶ϶˵ˣѵûܼǰѡĽݹڶ𣿡
еΣħͷʲô
η۶ĽѩһܿĵֻôɲǴδսΪǶƣǶǴЩ꣬ϴ˼ɣҪѰһȷĴ𰸡ֱʱã
΢΢һ̣׿ͷҲ㣬ľɣ㲻һǣáɲһȥ˼ħ֮Ҳ⿪оᣡ
ؿһۣĽѩ΢΢ͷǰôųˡ
׿ѽ𣿡
ʱǳལһѹϣݣ֮⡣
˼׿Ҳϣͷ
ô£Ϊ콣⽣г֡ʲôʱ콣
ɣ
³һ׿Ȼĵϣʵм£ã˫Ժս
˵ţ׿ȡ콣飬һһʮȫѳǸʱǶƭˡ콣Уλ𣬶ΪǶԷᡭа˰ɣ
ʲô
̲סһ𣬵ؿȴƤһû뵽ݵһ֣ȻСƭ֪źڹʵд
ĽѩȥؿһۣҲֹסЦ֣ǰʲôǣȻ͸ˣݵһ֡ݣҲڶĴ󵨿ͽˣ
ǰʵð̫գһֱ㷲
㲻㲻Ͳİõذѽˣأ

һ̧֣׿ҲǺܹҡҡͷ⽣Ұٶ꣬ûɸˣҽô˵ҲͽһĽᣬҲԼһô˵ǰһ£ƺЩף
Ϸ;ȹòףˣڲŸң
ǰһŭ֮ɱң
ڲˣ
ţ׿ʵҴûôʵصԴţȴǺӺݺݶţֱ
̵ģǳӲˣʰˣ
ʵԴӵеǳལϵ콣ʱȻס˵Ľ򣬹Ʋ֮¡ּ֮˾׿㳹Ȼˡ
׿ǰǸڹ˰꣬Ȼӽȡ¼潻սʰˡ
Ǻö˰Ӻ󣬵һӣҪ뿪
Ҫߣ׿ҲæǰȵȣϣǶδδԣȥĶ
ԸƨϷûʲô˵ģϷҪȥɱˡϷ򻹴û㣬˿Ҫɱ˳Ϸ
΢΢׿ȴǾֹϣȥɱκ˶νֻ˵ˣƺСӣɷСܱϣи㣬һ
з㣿ϷһԼȳ׷˼ŻϷҪԴϷܲȥȡ
ǵϣֵϢ˲䴫£˽֪пթ
թϷܲô࣡
ݺһ֣޺޳ϷϷĹأ˵Ϸڸ㷭ˣûǶе֮ˡԭҲҵĵҪءԣϷǰ׷ģֻҪϷһҪ˼£
Ȼص˵ͷ׿ʾ⣬˼ĳǵΧأ
ʲô˼
˵£δȥƺߣ;ᱻ˽ɱ֮˰ɣ
üͷ̲סһؿ׿һۣɱϷ˭
ң
ɫһ࣬׿
ضţ˫ȭ߬۾һУɱϷƾʲô
ƾǡҳܼң׿
䣡
һ䣬һɱ֮Ȼ׿ɢϯأɭ̹ǡ


1135 

һХأֱΧһ飬ĸξңһԵĽѩԪ۷֮Ҳ̲סŲºȻ
͸˼СֲƣŵɷһƬˡô뵽ǿä壬ɢƣȻ˿ǰ֮£
ѵ˵ҲһλʵĽֻ֣ǿ˼ڤҲûף¼ĸУһäģҲйǶ۽ˣ
׿ıӰ˼˾죬̾λä壬ʵ̫ǳԾˡ
ͬ׿ţҲȻ֣׿֮Ѳ֮£Ҳǵ°ˡǿУҲֹס½ţɫһࡣ
˵־ͼɵȴûǸز
󣬰֮䣬߹Ϸǧĵ·׿ȻǾšϧǣڹϷȣҲսƽ֣δӮϷһаʽϷɻؼǵأʵһ˫ϡȻ۾ʲô£ԣ˫òˡƾڵ㣬ҪϷ򣬿ûôף
䣬һ̤Ųֱ˫ָ£һָһ¡죬·ҪƵġвϣǽָ˷ȥһ
ʱ䣬һɹɿֲѹȻǾ֮£Ϣ˲СԺ䡣
龰Ľѩһͷ˿˿亹ɵÿ׿˼СǺľһ˫Ӷ쾪ˡ
ǽֵһȻǰ۴ûиܵѹмʮԪǿ֣ͷŲ
֣Ȼ鴫һ˿ɼֻǲ֪ä壬ܷסˡ
һʱ䣬ȫһϣؿ׿ȴֻ׿ɾԭأ졣
˶ʱһ޳ˡѵ˵Ե޿ƥеһУɵˣҲԶֺ
ৣ
ǣ¶֮ɫ׿һ˲䲻ٴγʱȻλã˫һ׶ѡ
ôܣôô죿
̲ͫסݺһǰƽĵʱʧɫһֱ׼δӳһһæؼ׿ȥ
˽ľ룬׿Ƕ㲻ˣһ֮;û𣬽ȫϣҪȫסǿȴǱһ㽣ҪĸԪСҪǸŽһλȫһҲ򲻸ҵġ䲻ҪҲһˡ

ݣ
ȫûҪ㿪˼׿ұۺâһʱһצݺǰץ


һ죬Я޿ƥе֮Ľâ׿ǻδ֣ȴǱ׿ǿۣݺץС
ʱ䣬׹ػ𣬷·˱һ㣬ǽâצཻ֮ǷȵĹâǿĲֹסɢֱѣضɽҡһĩս֮󡣵ˣҲǿ´󺧣۲֮ɫ
ǽֵĶս̫̬˰ɣôôǿҪ
ֹǣǵҲǰһĻôᡭһ֮ͽϷ

ǲ£һɫǶצдܳ˲צݺһץ¡һǿĽǽɫ֮У˲仯Ϊޣʧ١
ͬҲűޡ
ǡ콣Ƥ΢΢һ飬г
Ǻܿ죬ӦһâӣһױȵѹǶóһȴ׿һֵֵͨͨϵĺâȴһϢ
䣡
âɹһɳ졣ǰǧ֮ڣ˲仯ΪޡȺɽƵľ򣬶ʱһƽɳĮƽԭ
Ƥֹסһ飬˼˿ֱ̳֮أò˲仯ǾĿɿڴɫһƬҰˡƺֹͣ
ĽѩҲƤ΢΢һŵؿһ¿еǸӰһ˿ĭ
ʱ䣬ıƵħͷħˡ֮£˭֣
԰׵ͷڷңΪոյĳĲɣ˿ɢڿС׿һ࣬ûɫƽϣֻû۾ţɻȥ˰ɣ
콣
üͷ΢΢һ͵Ŀ⿴һۣȴʧЦҡԴֻЦлɬǰϷˡϷǲɱƺֻɱˡһ񽣽򵽼µ˵ǰϷûᣬûСᡭ
ƤᶶţΪʧ䣬űת뿪ˣ·һ²˼ʮꡣ
ֻ뿪ǰֹס׿һۣ૵׿콣Сֵã
˵꣬һתʧӰطȥˡ
ףʱ˿̵׿Ȼ̫ǿ󣬲ܵжԵ˵ġһһһо
Сӡѳ˵ڶܽˣǺǺǡ
ŵ뿪ķ׿£ֻĽѩĿ⣬ȴѲǰôȻЩ־
ԭǰʧٵİ񽣣
ǰҲǡһ㣬Ժ֪ģ
ǻȻЦݣ׿ûп®Ǳȥ˼ˣȴٲǰһȻĪط
ǵ飬׿СԴȻһЦˣûˣȥˣģ
ǡ΢΢һͣ˼ӲصԴ
ȻһЦ׿Ϊ⣬Դ󣬱㾶ֱߣ쿴ƣò΢΢ͷĽݹҩǺİʮƷϵ˵֮󣬾ѣһңܿˣ
ҶԲˣӲģҲǵû֣ǸͲôˣ
ǰʵҲһʿֻȣƲѣʱøɵΥ°ǺǺǡȻһЦ׿ĳҲһܣҲԸҲһ
𣬿ûзˮĺۼ
ԸǲԷˮģȻԸȾͲƭԼİǵϵĵ΢΢һЦ׿
һۣĽѩҲǰ˼
ʱ˼׿ţڹʵä壬ˡǲʲôԨԴ
ԨԴǺǣЩ
ɫ磬׿һ̣ͷǻ˵ȥݵһһæһӣϸĲ쿴Ϻ¶΢ЦȻɫһ֣࣬صѾͷ²׼˵ǵûҡ⼸ϼһˣϴߣ𣿡
һ㶣˶ʱˡ
ô£ôȻ̬ȴء


1136 ϲ
ɫ˼˼յä壬⡭ΪˡҪүүˣΰǾȻأô˵նԵ޹ʾ˻ȥˣҲҲʲôͷ
⻹򵥣
üͷ΢΢һ׿ЦһǾ˵ƴ飬嵨жͷǣԼȥˡȻٿĨᣬѵʱ龰زһ㣬ɻȥˣ
ҲУ
Ƥݺһ飬׿һۣȴǸƤֱΪǣҲ̫˵ɣŲŹ֡
ƺ룬׿Ȼ£Ǽ֪ǲ˵ǲ˵˭֪ǰô˵Ул𣿷Ѿȥˣ
ǡ
ˣ˵ҵ£Ļ˵ţ׿ɫһ䣬ȫɱţȥˣҿɾȥˣҪ
һһ뵽׿ʵСɫ֣ʱæԴ
龰׿һЦͷͶˣȥ칦ֲȥΪѵġ˵ǰǸ߹ǣôְѵ쵽ˣ
˫ͫһһ˱㲻ؿһ㤵ɽ
ޡСӣ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿ݺգЦǰɣҽǰɣͷǰɣã˾һ㣬ٺٺ١
ɫپһ࣬ɽʱŵ̱ڵأǰҴˣĶ֪ôǵ㱳İʹ˴Ұɣ´Ҳ͸¶ˣ
ä壬ɣ˼ˣҲǸæ飬׿һָͷЩǰ˵Ƣ˭˵׼׿ô֣
ȻЦЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ǱӽݻˣƽʱϹɪӢ۵ʱˡ㽫ݳӢҪ¶ףҵǰԴšŲţ
ţǰôţɳʲôҶţǱöϵˣɽֱ
龰׿صͷ˼ȴǵͷһЦ΢΢
һˣ׿Ҳڷ̧ȥ
ä壬Ҫ
СѾͷˣ¿ֻǸСƺܿµĴҪˣúñذɣ
ƺԤеʲô׿ֹҡҡͷ˵ˣתĽѩĽݹ㲻벻Ҵȥʲôʲôħ
䣬׿һתʧĽѩһҲæ첽ϣգ۲ӰֻСһעŶʧķɽһƤһֱš
ҵѽˡ
һ棬˫ԺΡħȼλͨúʱʱŲǵĻػ
һĹһλ׷ԲԵߴ߳˹һݣȻλúˣ֪кιɣ
λҪλˣ֪ɷ񡭡
ʵڱǸλ⣬Ҳ֪䣬λιһݣǻû˵꣬Ǳһ仰ҭ˻ʱһͣɫ΢΢³
ħ˼һʵǲ֪λʱ
ǲλƢ׽λ˫Ժ޹ģӦһɣ
֪ˣǡˡ
֮⣬ҡҡԴ̾һٶԣ༸˶һۣһת뿪ˡ
ֻ뿪ɲǣϤӰȴǵʱ˳һһף˫
ңңʧıӰãΣҡҡԴ̾ϾݵӰǿԲ𣿡
ˣȻԴƺҰʵ̫ˡЩչλǶ˫ԺġĵֶΣҲʵҪ֪ǿɶǴ˫Ժȥĵӣȴȫˡݹǵ׿洫ˣǵõ׿թһƼ𣿡
Ƥ΢΢һ𵭵ͷȻҸոսӵϢһ˲ԸˣҲ£ˡƺ̫ˡ
ǰôҰļݣʼݲڽֳ֮ˣҲͦáḧ˸룬üתȥҡͷ̾һҲȥ
ͬʱϹټſڣϹ̽ͽȫǸ⣺ʦ֣ǸҼҵλ̡̫
λǰһλǰĿǣǣǿһЦݣ﹪һݡ
ϹҲ΢΢¶һ˿ɫ
Ӱ뿪֮ʣϹ̲۷ظλǰһݣλոʦڳ̶ֱʡֻݳŷ磬ϹټãѣΪǲܳԮ֣һѣҲݹϵգ
̶ƹܼô꣬ûʲô·öЩëƤС£δ̫ˡ˫ԺʱҪ£˫ԺΪβܣҪҶϹټң
Ҳ˫ԺҲӦأ
ַݷֻһʲôӦģ£Ҳ˫Ժ棬ϹټЭֹ̫ʲô£
⡭üͷһϹ
γ̾һڴλµɤ̶ϲ⣬ǲȥⴧȱˣҲó۶˫ԺϾ֮ף֮£û˫Ժ׿ϣóȻ֣δԽ֮ӣݽ顣ңոǸ壬˼ˮ̫ǲ˲ͣ
˵˫ԺĬ˫̲ͫסһϹ粻Ƿ֮УȴѲ˵
һºȥȱˣǻصڣ˴˶һۣǿЦҡҡͷʼ磬޿κΡ
ħڼƺֻ¶һǸЦݣϵܣλǡΣԡ
ʲôΣҿǸǱܶ
ݺ˦˦ӣβ̾һҪǾһ£Ҷ֪Ȼλ⡭
ԣƺ𳤷׼ͷһԡ
ҲһϹټλ˵ӣˣţҲǻ㱨
ɣȴЦԷǡ
ӣôҲǻ˼ǧϹˣڹԪ۷嶼һǧֲ꣬ͻƣܳʲôӣ
Ц֮ˣֱÿɬ˫֣ûԸ֮У˭ܵµǿأ
һʱ䣬˵üͷٴһ
Ǿ벻ǣ鷳ѱ;˻ȥˣʱ˿̣ǲԶĻ谵ع۲һһϻΥܰЦݡ


1137 ʹ

˵üͷûһĺȣǶȻ쳹˶ߡţ˼˺˵ǣĳǰ
Ƥһƺ˼⼸С⼸ܵȥˣ֪֪Ǻң
ǶСˣ⼸쵱Ȼȥɴȥˣ
£
üͷһƺĪȻǣ¶ѯĿ⡣⼸С⼸ôˣ
ӳģȴͬãĿ⣬ʼͷҡҡԴ
ƺٿС˼ȴǵһЦ㲻Ϊ·ˣϼһѾǴˣڿǻ˰ɣ
ʲô
Ȼһڳʧɫ˼ؿ⼸Сŵݡƾ⼸ëûСһܰնߣôܣ
ƺҲǲ˼飬̧׿ǣϣȥֹģʲô£û°ɣ
лģʵ¡
ǹһ񣬽ǻ࿴һۣȴǲӲӵգʵҲǺ
Ҳôܣ
ʱǶڵεˣ󣬾Ϳ˼ǰǴһˡ˵ѾѵȰˣҲ֪٣ֻǻһ·ϣûϹټҸؿҲû˵Ӱ
һ˵ԼﻹǺͿ˵ҲЩȷ˼Ƚã
ϼһ﾿û߰
ƺȴЩͷٴεؿ˼һۣȰߣôȰߵģ
ǡ
תת˼һЦ׿̣˶θ춯صĹ£鲢ïرɽлҲһϣʱĳȾҪգжգҪ౯׳ж౯׳칦ʱǿǺģ뵽пѶһһ˵˸飬Ͳʮ˲ˡ
նڱǳĸжȥˣɽżǻĨĨӣǱ׳۵ȴǷ˿˿֮ɫǲ֪ʱ˼жΣգҺͦ
ƨͦ
˵ң
ң

ǣ˼ϣɽҪлȴǵʱ˳Ӣ۾ŶΣðȥĻһ뵽ԼŮǷ˼ô飬˼
ԣСӶˣͿԲҪһҪ
ǵ˼һԣȴǿһ͡Ǽٵģʲôģ֪Ĳǹͣδ˵ƫģ
ԣƺӢ¼һ㶼ðһŭˣ˵ˡСӣ˭ȥôΣյĵطȥģˣʮԪ壬һطһ£

ʲôǳԣ޺޵شӱǹܴƺһ֣ϱлȥ
ֻЦ˶ף˵칦ôܷˣ
ֻڰ׿ȻЦЦȻһĽѩı۰򣬱Ϣ˳ȥʼգûһ˷֡
ƺǣȻ׾ô£Ƿд̼ƻ㰲ƽϢˡ
ݣ
Сּ䣬Ӱһ׿ĽѩƧ̲סЦСγԱ˰ɣֹҲð죿ҪƺҲҪǼƣĸŮ֮㷸գ
˳ܼңλ˽⣬ȥ磬û˷һ˿˿ؿһۣĽѩֿ磬޵
ǰĽʽҵ뿪ʱġӣҲԭʽĻϣҶﲻҪ̫˽ⰡǺǺǡ
Ҫҿħǡ

΢΢ʼ磬׿ȻһЦ˫ԺݵɴһŷϹټңҲǳ֮磬ѣҵҲأĽݹ˵ǰε᳦ʱˣȴ֮Ϊʲô
üͷ΢΢壬ĽѩĬ
һ̣׿Ȼܼ򵥣ֺáƴѱ˫Ժݡ˴ѣƲĺʱ׽ȣϹټҲţûоϴ֮£Σ˵˫ԺҲֲǵġôĽݹ˵ħ
˽İӣħĽѩһ̾
΢ЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ񣺡ҲҲ˫ԺôҲԡϾ˫ԺվãȻγϵһ䶯ݶд䡣֪֪治֪ģƺţΪϴ˭ܲɵҰޣ˽ԼأἫˣοأΪΣΣգ˫ԺҲҪΪԼ㣬ʱʧܾʹɥ
ڶϹټңҲΪԼҴ㣬˫Ժ͵ʧȥһǿͬˣȱң壬кβɣԼʧˣ̸أһħ
ɫЩ磬ĽѩԼҲЩԺˡ
׿ˣЦһﳤȥȥɣݵĶԹҪˣһ˵Ϳ̿ģʲô
ؿһۣĽѩϡ
һ棬İĴУһٵĽŲһصһݣةˣն޹˵Ǳ£ûٰ£ƺ
Ŷϼһˣڰ֮У˰ﾭγ
ҡҡͷɫأǣ
Ǻˣ
֪Ҳᣬֻ˵
նһԳУȻô˵ǾǳˡȻص˵ͷﾭγ˼ٴεȻʧܣҲްݶ̬ķӦأ
Į΢΢һͷ¹Ƕ˵£ˣû˸Ԥ˫Ժû̫֡ڵϹټҲʧˣ
ͷﾭγ¶ЦݣǾͺãЧеġĴˣûȤٻ
ʲô
Ϊʹͬͬʹݣһħһ¡ݣ񲿡һƷԪʹҪ˵ԣٳɴ£󣡡
ةˣǡһ㶣⡣
ǻ΢Цﾭγ֣аĴˣ㻹Ҫɣˡ
ڻƵ£ﾭγһOO@@Ҳæͷ
󣬰ﾭγӻ֣򷢣оâһ°ˣ಻ûҽǵ۹
лة࣬΢ʹݺһȭ¶нε˷֮ɫ


1138 ٹ
ﾭγһĹ飬ݸ߲㷢ʹȨΪǵ۹ϢΪల¡˵ݶԽо䣬ƤǱסˣû˺ơеʱݼһЩˡ
ʱ򣬰ﾭγʹݣҲʾ֮⡣ӣìܣͲˣ»鷳
˵ֻһʹһ£ʲô⣿ңħల£Ժأ
Ҳδһ죬Ҫͬжһ֯ˡȹͨһҲһ¡
Ǻڼ˼ݸ߲㶼һͬ⣬ǵʹá
°Ź̶ӣһ·ǰֻݵʹͬȥ˫ԺǰҪȥһط۹
ʲôǵʹ·ӭӣ
ºʳ鷿ڣ˹ĻʵĴϣǰô֣˺ܶ࣬þǿˣһƲСӣоâ˸˸ǰϵƺûɣݱ߾˫ԺôҲþ㲻Ϳ˰ɣ
üͷ΢΢һƺ̾һô˫Ժر֪ͨģ˵һλʹʿٹҲðţ
ʿ˭
üͷֹסһĴⲽϸϸ˼ʲôٹǻװƵġߣ޿ʵۣ˭ǰ޵񡣿ԽʹݻǻҪϹϾ⡭̫ݶ˰ɣ
ƳһۣƺʧЦ£ʲôɵݶģʮӶʮǰǻӵʱҼ㣬ҲϹϾô
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ʧЦһĴϵͷ˵湻˼ΪȨ׿СȡһӾֻܵˡû뵽׳󣬻Ľ۹Ȩֻޡݶ飬޿һֱж°
ȻһЦƺÿɷ񣺡ˣҲ¶չˣ
ֻ֪Ͷʣ׿˵Ļ졣ҿûκͼĳ⣬ôᲢ۰
ݶ飬ʵһֱռŶ֮أ
΢΢ӲӣĴȻЦЦԴãƺϵܡ㾴һߣұؾһɡβǶ˭ɪҸӣһٹ⣬Ҳ磡
Ҳ磿
ǰϵܣֻһСݵ»˵һЩġ֪ڸ˫ԺԸҪǱץһЩСΪѣͲˣԲԣô˵ҲλˣΣǽ֮£δ£֪ģ
Ƥ΢΢ƺٶһۣ¶ݸЦݡ
۹۶ڣװûȻһ£ƮƮʵĴϣʺվڳӭӣʷ߹ĽӴʵӭ
һ뵽ԷǽʹҲûʲô˵ˡ
վŵģһڸ߲㣬ͷλñƺеˣվȴֱʱ֣ͷգһ¡¡ʮ򾫱Ļ£ʮ޴ǻǰ
ݵʹﾭγᵽݵķ϶׼ݴһˣǽһƬӰ֮У׿ԶʻӴ飬΢΢һЦ
аؿһۣĽѩɵô֪ǰﾭγҪԸˣ
αΪϢݵʹûộ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷĽѩĬ
ΪݵʹֻǶƷԱΨʹУһλáݣݣ϶ͬ
΢΢һ̣׿ȻλŻǸǺǺǣ㿴ɡ
˵׿˵ˣĽѩ֣ϸȥȴһڳǶͣ˳ǰ
ƺǰһһȭʮƺӭʹˣ
£ʵĴϣʹˣţĴҲǣŻʺ֣ǰһ΢΢һЦ
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Ǻܿ죬һаĴЦȴǵʱ쳹˶ߣܣþòˣʵ۰Ҷˣ
̲סһĴϺݺݵǳݣֹͫסŵض˶Ƥ
㡭ǡ
ǺǺǡô͵Ϊֵˣ
֨ѽһǳݵĴŴ򿪣һзӥ㾫âӣ̤ȽĲ˴󳵡
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£ֱõúף²ɴЦЦȴŨŨĺ⣬ҧгݵѽ˵װ۲۰㵱˻ʵڻ͹һǰ
󵨣ҶԱ񣿡һߣȡƺüͷһҲʹˣǴݶءô˵ǰʵۣòҪ̫֣
ҹΣһ۹ľѵܱȵҽöƷԪɵ𣿡
бƳƺһۣ²һЦԪ˧ݶģʹ϶ҪϹϾΡʵۣʲôڰˣݵ˫𻹸Ұô𣿡
䣬µʱһƣԪƺһش󾪣æһ֣ץסȵҪʲô
ûʲôѡҪ̫ţô˵ҲʹԵ޹µģߺߺߡ
˵ţչһӣ˸ֻ֣Ҳƺƿأна֮ɫ
ݺҧƺ߬߬ȭͷɫĴɫвʣһҧˡһݣֵʹˣɣ
ã£
ҧ֣аһЦһкĳӣǣСĵ㣬ڰ˯ĪҪͷ
ǣ
һȣľ̤ź¡Ĳʮ󳵣ʻ˳СĴίͷŭֱȴΡ
ǽʹߣݿˣΪӴˣܸ˶ŭ
ǰҲʹŰ裬ڳίȫЩίǵܵģʵۺִ
ڲһˣһռݵĴ۹ʹһݻ۹Ļʵ۵棬Ҫ̫ɰ


1139 
ǵ۹ʹţܿȫ˵۶ֻĴϵںУֱӡ
һֱڰ۲һе׿΢΢ͷû뵽»ˣţǸıçҲǻ㾡֮ˡǺǺǡʱ䣬ĿԸıܶడ
Ϊʹ˫ԺҲǸϳܰôʹ൱ǿսݿûļӣ˵ίֻԼˣ
ֻίãһ£ǡüͷ΢΢һ׿뿪Ľݹȥݣֻ㱨ʵô򵥣
ĻĽѩһҲǸæϡ䣬ϰ˸׿󣬿˼̬ĸо
ʱɽʵɫͷ۶֮ڣĽֵ϶ŵƽʣһҵľ
֮Уһͷӣһ仪ķҡҰڵŲ
֨ѽ
ʱ죬¿߽䣬ӣ㹪һݣ΢£μ
ѽĴˣˣһڳУѱˣ
µľǰ红һ㣬æҿĻһֱڳﲻЩңҶûȥϣɵðŵӸɡ˵ةһģҲȫѱ
΢΢һ̣µаâİɣ£˼Ҷ͸㰲ţ
ģٺ١ǾĴˣһЦ¶һ㶮ҶЦݣŷʴָ
оâһҲ¶Цݣָһӽָóһƽ˹ȥ£óȻж̫ˡٳȥɣڻȥ˷ˣ۹棡
Ҷةһ㣬ҲĨڵģ
ճһЦǹ˵ͽˣȻȲļԣȥĴˣʶ࣬ȱȥһةǰúһٺٺ١
£ǹʱȥ˹ʱˡ
ԶȥӰµǻһصĻȣԡǺǣˡ
ߵߵ
Ĵˣʵ͹ǰȥ磡ʱһţ
΢΢һЦ²ÿɷ񣺡ˣ֪ˣͲȥˣһȥɣ
ǣһ뿪ˡ
¹ڣҲų
ֻ뿪֮󣬺ڰһ䶯׿ȴֳˡ
׿һۣĽѩ૳ȥʹ
Ǹ׳ǹؼһ䣬׿һʧĽѩҲǸŲӰ
ʱ󣬺ɫҹ£Ƹգ磬ʱݺ£ƮһǻС¥£һɶߵңôĿ
ƮԺ
һһٵ߽¶Цݣٺٺ١ҵļҰʥأ̻ţǣˣ
һ𣬹ͬһͷҰޣ͵˽ȥ࣬˴˶һۣһЦҲǸ˽ȥ
ܿ죬һȺ֬ӵ£һ䣬̧һ죬Ƕ˼صһҩƿ
ÿƿҲͺ˽ȥ˫Ŀó죬һ쳤ХҪսˣӦս

źݺһգϴݺݺľЦŭ˻ŵ࿴˿ҲղЦ
λ˰ʲôöûУͺڣٺٺ١
ҲҪȥһӰΣĽѩǽյķţֵ죬֪ڸʲô˫һ죬૳
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ˣŸҪȥûɿϷһ룬Ҫ߳ˣȴĵ
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ͨ죬Ľѩ߬˼ҲǺݺһ塣һ£һ㱺ϡоʲôȥʲôûֻΪԼ
䣬׿Ӱ֮ڣҽУĽѩǺֱ׿Ƥȴνӣôصȴ
һʱȥˣʱȥˣȴûʲô鷢ֻǹƺȻһͷޣҽУ׷ֱݺݺ࣬һʹధ
ݺҧĽѩǺ죬׿һۣôʱ䣬㷢ʲô𣿡
ˣ
ʲô
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Ƥֹסһ飬Ľѩ޵ҧгݣ˵ﾭγı㶼ڹעЩʲô
Ҳڿﾭγıϧʲô̫ϧˣֻˡЩź׿
Ľѩȴỵ̈Լɣﲻˣߣ
䣬ĽѩҪ뿪ʱͨһ洰ӽһȥǸ˵ӣֻʱ˿̣ȴһֱҪôˣҪôˣ
ˣ
һ̣׿ȻĵһѰ֣ҪǸ£ҩҲܰԼҰޣʧȥʶǻʲôøģҿǽӽ񣬺Ȼҩб˶ֽţŻʶģ˵ǰﾭγģĽݹʲô𣿡
ҡһͣĽѩʱЩã
뵽ʲô
ţ׿ǺܿȻصͷЦѽ̫ˣħˣ˫޵ġȻҶû뵽
㡭Ƥһ飬ĽѩߵõԴ޵ҧгݡ
Ļ쵰ˣң
ӣ
ǺģһʱǸӰ˶ӣŮĽѩһŶ죺Ǻӣ
ǰ˼׿Ҳ̲ס̾
ǷĹƺҲĵŮʱ˫Ŀͨ죬ԣһ͵ǵزŮȥ
»ɫˣ
ݡۣ
һָᵯϣʱһͣӲǶҲˡ
׿֣ĬĬĽѩһۣҪȥȥСߣɲóֵطڣ
ž
׿һץͷȴֹסĶǲ⣬Ľѩһۣԡ
ʱ˼ЩѣԴתҲͬһʱ䣬׿ָٵǹһٴܹˡǰĶ˵СʱһǺһͺݺȥ


1140 ¶
ʲô˰
һУ˼Լոѣһȫ׺ݵԼɵʱʧɫ˫һͽڵأһѪֹס³
ǣȻҩͷȫĹ˲ԼˣŮڣһʳ˷ܵر˹ȥнâ
龰˼ȻŻˣӵ۷ʵٴһƣֽǶǴڵأѪֹ
ǣǶɺηһδα򵹣һδַϣ·ȫںԼƵġ
ʮغϹȥ󣬹ȻȫףҲشɲѰ˼ټϻųճɵЦ
һĻ˼СʤߣҲ̬ŻˡĽѩؿ׿ʵΪΣ
ʲôΪΣ
ΪθոհסȴְˣһС֣
΢΢׿֪ﾭγʲôˣ롭ɹ
ɹ
ôһֱݡϽҵļƻصǸطҡ˶֮һֱûֵԭһǰĴڣǸԡ⼸Ϣ̫ˡݵսҲսܺͻҪǿ
üͷ΢΢׿̾һͼʯûܹһֱڶˣͣ
ƤһĽѩؿոΪλҪֹףȥ𣿡
ĽݹᣬҲҵĵߡҵˣ˺
³һ׿ĵʵϴεɱƺҵļƻҲԸʵСΪƺոʧȥǵҲһ˼ʧҷﾭγļƻУҲ԰ɳ²֣˼۷壬ֻճڣ£ֻ֮ƺҪܵίˣ
ضɫȻĽѩתԴȥ治֪˵ʲôıң
ǺǺǡĽݹг˰ǰһҪεеҳħˡڡ㶮ˣ
Ҷ̣ΪҲ֪ΪԣΪһ֣Եı꣬˼ɣԽãڸһ𿴣ֻ֪жϵģ۾΢΢УĽѩĳ
һ̣׿ͷĽݹһҸ㽲£Ҳ֪Ϊħˡ£Ҳʱ˽ҵģľʵķԾΪ弶
ˣ
ǰҵı֮ع鱾档ʵǿҲûãֻľߣܻع飡ع鵽ԭ㣬Ҿ֪شΪˣ
ôҲȤһˣ΢΢һЦĽѩе¶Ȼ֮ɫ޲ɷϧ׿

һ죬ǹǵʮαǷƺоʹǿӲվһЦе˿ֻǲ³ѪĭȴǴЩ࣬һء
龰˼ƤͶԼȥˣĵҪ¡̬˭ôʬһûо
ٺٺ١
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ǵһȻεӣ˼ȥʱҲֹס´󺧣еʲô˼ã
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˵ʱ٣ʱ죬˷׷ű֣һ˳ƣһ˷ȣ˵ƽȫҲǰ˾ųˣҪϡ
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ʱ䣬ѪӿӲͷʬ΢΢һ£㽩ӲصȥһƬѪ֮С
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ү
ǣǶ˻شһǶһѪ˴Ȼֿ˼ˣָǣݺݵôĵӣǽǵ۹Ĺɱ֪֪ǽʹɱ൱ڸǽǿսˣǵ𣿡
ʲôʹ
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׿ڰпţȴȻЦЦܺӰǴ鷳ˣǺǺǡ
ѵǰﾭγļƻҲݿս
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һ棬ʹ֮ڣƻͨĻΧһȦһȦ´ʹ磬̣ⷬճһЦ٩ܰþûʹμӹˣôЩİأʲôʱǽô۹ڻˣһ¾ͼʮˣܣЩ۹չòǺǺǡ
ĪҪȡЦǽʹЩ˳ġʵֻһ۹ĵ۾ʸڻֱأ˵ʵʦڲضѣɫһƬ䣬ĴϵȻƺ˸߲һͬҲؿ
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ǺǺǡֹΪǱɣԴḻɽˮûôϣֺϣҲӦõģ
Ȼصͷ΢΢һЦϣʵ˵ݵȷ̫ˡݼ㵱Ʒ֥٣Ҳʵǿ
֨
һͣĴƣȴЦһٴλָƽ˸־ͷβˡеϲͷе˾ϲڷ˺ߵβͣʺζ˭ǿȲ˭ʱ⼦ͷҲ˭ܵģ뵱أ
ڼв˵һҧҧأɫĳ£ɱҲֹסķų
Ĵϣ֣
ӣƺɫһ࣬ЩҲ˻ʵߡ
Ǻܿ죬ȫɱ˽ŵݣаһЦʵܰôоЩҵģǱأ
ֿĶôӣ
ûĿ׻ֻоâһһЦĵֻеʱ򣬱˷򣬻ٶǿҲûð
²һݣƺɫһ࣬ţüͷ΢΢
ʲô˼


1141 Ȧ
ˣ²ˣ
Ȼһ·ľӵһش˻ߡüͷһ
ֻ²Ϊ˲һаĻȣת˲ţƽ
ܿ죬ǽ߱ײײسǰĴϼһææʲôɺͳ£ϸϸ
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дôᷢ飡
̲סһ»һȦҧŭ֪֪ʲôˣǵµʮʮٷţ۰мӡγʹݣҲίΣ˭֪깵Ĺطˣǽǵ۹ưոݵġԺ۷ʲô飬еΣҪԼߣ
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аЦһԪֹסӿȻѾҵҲ֮ڰƲãҲͲΪˣǺǺǡ
䣬һ˼Դ¡
˼һУŵñ۾ӿһƸҪҵͷʱȴ֨һأͣƤȴǾצݺץƲţԽץԽϽŭ֮ɫ
ߺߣڻ۷壬ʵȺȻ鴫
Ƥ΢΢¸еһʹģֵֻƣҲ˲ƣˣѷһֻƺɫȴƣֻǸʲôոձʹĴֶΣ˽˰ɣ˽ҵĻְأҶɱˡ׷ǰɱǣ;ǣǣǺܺ𣿺ߺߡ
ҧأƺ֣ڳ˼ˣ׷¶֮ɫǴЦһǺ⣿ѵҪֹҳͰ׷ɣһ֤׷ָʹ㲻ôưոݵġһսΣǳе𣿡
ƺϵܣ
ĴһҲֹסһȻ˼ͻȻֶŮô¥֣оʲô
һﾪˣƺ·ץһݣҲǼǣʵ԰ȥʲô
Ҳ֪ڽй䣬ͺȻиӰҴˡͷǸ˳ҵȻʮȭûί˼ĳ
ɽлˣҲǼͷǰһֱ׷ǺӰô׷ϡ׷һС¥˼õܽȥˡŵһﲻǽֻôȥˡһȥͿһֶ˼ȥûסдš
һ߷Դл֣Ҳǹϲ䣺ʵڲ֪ʹ
üͷţڳҲˣΰӡƺݺݵ£˫ȭֹס߬ҧгݣĴˣҪαسźӣòҵԴ㲻ǲǣ
˵ﻰ֪ǽԹҿǴ۹ǰĺƽʹߣôܶݴԪ˧ɱأ
΢΢һ̣аЦЦǾ仰˽£С˵ǱݺǸأ
һͣһεԴҡҡͷɬ


1142 ʵ
̲סЦһͷųϬâû˾û֤ݣô֪˵Ǽ٣ǸԼɱ˵£ȴ֤֤ڣԼҲˣ˶أ
ӣϧǻЦݣаؿƺһۣô㻹ʲô˵𣿡
üͷֹסƺһֱҾ֪ô¥
ǰôأܵıء׼¹һЦǻˡ
˼ǻһȭɴˣԷڽ֪γʹܴŮ죬ձǱﻵˡκò򣬱װ磬ƽݡ˶ʶݣֻ棬ҲȽɣֻû뵽
ѹ֡ѹֽ㲻棬ԭΪж̵棡ȻһУƺƤͳ飬ŭؿ¡
ôĻӭ̣¶棬㻻ǵ̽Ҳϳи棬ӱڡ
ǻа컡ȣһָҡҡЦƾ޾ݣɲҪ˵ʲôжҿ֪ǣǵ˽վãȥһ£ŽϿװȥˡȴ¥СԵ޹ʲɱҵְ𣬾²ϣѾȫʰˡСǹܲס°ɼ϶ѣҲѾˣʣ¾ϳˣ
ĻСҪˣ˵ţһ֣ϱһʿ׼Ҫ˼ˡ
ƺһʱһԣҿ˭ң
ˢˢˢ
Ͼ˵ĵֻ̣Ϣʱ䣬ڶǽŰΧˮйͨ
ƳΧˣҲţΪĿģȻﵽ
ʲô˼
¶Цݣ»ڰֵǿʹݹǰûκε⡣ǵ޹ҲǺܽǣ֮⡣ֻǾĹֻظ˵֮𣬾ǸͨҲһһɡӦ÷ĺ׼ѵ֮ң㣬
Ƥֹס鶯ƺͷֱ˫ȭգҧøֱ죺Σ˭ܰ˴ߣ
ϣ˺ôϰ컯֮¡µ֮£ö֣֮ƻݼĺƽ
ؿһۣٿͷգ²ʱЦһһֱΪ˫Ժû뵽ԭѸҸţ˵˰
²һݣڳ˽ɫ䡣ʵ̫ˣǽ赶ɱˣ˫Ժְ
龰¸æһ֣סĪͳһؽݷֹݸĹͬϿɣ˫Ժίεġڳô££Ҳְڣ֮УûʲôԽȨ֮ӣ
ְڣ֮Уߺߡ
һЦ²мƲƲ죺Ҫְڣ֮У׷й͸ñˣֵõ飿ʵҲͺͷϵʭӣţҪٲֻķӦȴЩӵζˣ
ضţϵĹЦԽԽƺǳĬŭӿ
ã˵̣һʹжܴˣնӣ
˰Σƺɼᶨ²һЦһ֣ЩӾˣ£ʹϷǵ۹˫ԺδáҿϾҼ磬»СС»Ҳ͵ˣƫƫǲ顣ôһкԸɣߺߣ
ݺݴ˴ƺţ²ɴЦһﳤȥֻƺʵزӣɤ޺
Ĵһִˣ󼱣뿪ķ򣬸æ׷ȥȵȣ֣л˵ǧ𡭡
ǣĿĴﵽﻹǷϻͷҲؼȥ׼Сˡ
ةˣƻһѾɣߺߺߡ

ֻ򣬻ɫĹâ֮ڣֱ𴫵˰ﾭγ˫Ժ
ֵһɲǣݸعƺŮ׵Ϣ㴫øǣȻﾭγ׼
ͬʱɪĽ״㣬Ҳ˲ݱ߾׼ӿȻҪսĴ㡣
쵰ǰﾭγݷѣҵĿʵ

˫ԺڣݺһӣһǱ߾㱨һʹдĸ״ţŭշôͳ±߾ģԤıߣ
ѩ׵ĳüᶶüҲ̾üͷǰҾ˵ʹΣԭǹⷢѰΪƫƫأݶû£Ƶġ֪ˣͲôӦȺʹ
˵ЩʲôãϽݣжɣη۶̾
΢΢ͷüҲǳһҲֻˣҶ̫࣬ﾭγδ׼̡
Ǻ˫ԺԮţҲݸ߲㷢ȥֻһΣ꣬ȴԭôιˣ
Ļ㵱ﾭγݵʹǳ԰׷ڰﾭγƤ£϶ƷԪĹ٣ǵ֮
һ¹ȥһ谵ĴУ׿ڱϣϸĽѩһԣϸزԼƻһϤӰԭ̻ӣħʹߣȻ
ȥģôҪܵίˣ׿ĳɫһƬƽ
Ƥ΢ȻһݣɫЩҵһѾˣҵһöӣҲԹ޻ڣ
ӣһؼʤӣ
΢΢һ̣׿ˣôˣҪס˰ɣ
һݣȻݷϲ裬ûаֻ˫ԺԮ֧֣Ǻܿ㶼ˣ
ôᣬһ干ݣѣԹۣüͷ΢΢һ壬Ľѩ⣺㴽ݺҲۿݷս°
һЦ׿΢΢ףȻʾһ£˵һ¾
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һݣȻٿĽѩµĽС㣬ݶԴµĿһۣһ£ΪìܣֻΪݣʵռ֣
üͷһĽѩɵ
ʹӵ۹ǴһǴ֮Ӹ߲ͬնɱʹͬöԷͷԴκ˶ģ뿪սնɱзʹնɱط߲ͷ죡
һ࣬Ȼݣýͷβǣ֪ӱȫ޲סټݵʹҲ粻֮֮սȺ壬ʵûɲУ


1143 ҿ
΢΢˵ͷ׿Ҳνɱ˳ǷծǮ쾭塣ģҲǵԻĻûһɢɳ˵иݵ漯ŴˡԴϣе˶ܷǷԼôûƾʵ֤Լ֮ǰ˭û취˵
ģֵֵðҡǹ֧֣ǾĨеĹǲŲʣݽݷѣһѡټʹڸݣڸȻûдĶҲǾʹͨϣ´»СС»ˣ
ǰΪʲôսҪиʵС뽫һֱϣ֮սһвľ
΢΢һ̣׿Цһ½ǷսȴûбҪﾭγС΢ǵ۹ӿֻ̫ù岻ȡֻ򾫱ڱ߾ʾŻһ°ˣûʲô˵ģ
ͬصͷȻ΢΢һЦ˵ǣڰﾭγħĴڣǰ󶯸ɸꡣȻǶһ£ҲȻŵˣǺǺǡ
ûѾǰһʧˡ
³һ׿ݲ˳ôݸﾭγͽĽֻˡĽݹȥҿɡƺǵҵɣﾭγ˼ƣ˲߽⡣ǡϾҡ
վ׿ȥĽѩϣȻǹһݣ͵
ͬʱ˱е˶üչüͷһһߵȴ˫ԺǱߵϢһϸϸ˼Žߡ
Ȼе֢ᶼڹɱһϣֻҪ˴£ݾûͱ˵ɣٳȡ֣һ干֮
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˵Ǹ˸ѰʹЩǿô໤һСĺˣȴǴ룬ҵó
޽⣡
ҡҡԴ𳤷λܼһһۣǳü壬̾˼ƶǰﾭγ裬ֻΪôѵ𣿿ҼΣ˽׷ҲиˡһӣҪʲô
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ݣ
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ôˣƺæվӭǰȥʵλǣҪδô£
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Ȼһ𳤷ɿαϣ
˼Ҳһޣĸ׻Уĸס
˼ģﲻµģı¶Ҳᣬ۲ѡ
Ƥ΢΢ƺҧҧҲ˵λҰŮȥ˼ȥȰ㣿
˽εԴ
֪֪ŮǱݺģһƺŭ
Ȼص˵ͷ̾£һ֪ô£֤أû֤ݣݾ˳ĿʵҲȨԲ֡ȻʲôԮˣɱʹӷĻݸ߲㻹Ͻ֮أض𲻷սһҪ壬ϣҲһƤ
ǰڲݲЭֻûɲ֣
ƺһۣƺϵܣǸֵʵﲻϡ
üͷᶶ˶ƺ磬ֿһ滨ŮкľһȻתȥգ۲Ӱ
һ㶣ԣҲûȥ׷
ҲҪɣ㣬˵࣬ɽӣһսҲͿ̿ǰ߽ʿȻʧأҲ˲Ըİ
ͬһڵҹ»һɽּ䡣ȻһƿһϤӰ㶸Ȼǰ
ˣ²ɳճһЦȭϣⲻ𣿸ոոҴţģ𣿲֪ҹڷɱҹģҪʲô
ŹŮǣһƺݺݶ
üͷһƣµʱЦԺ⣿ǧɱˣǽ񼫵ķˡѾֵǷ꣬ȴҷŹŮҴ˰ɣֻһʹûȨ۹ط
ٸװǻƣֻҶˣҳ촰˵ôҪʲô˫ͫݺһɣƺȵ
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½ҧļΪƺҲ⡣
˼ǼδɣץȥҲûʲôá˼ƺ۾΢УҸߣﾭγβǳҾԸǻݣ
ؿһۣ²ʧЦһǻݣݰڽɽģԵ޹ܽԪ˧˰أһЩͬȺ֮սͲˡ䲻ݶ꣬ҲúܣΪȣѿǶúģ㶯㣬ǿҪͱѵģ
ٷϻҪʵ𣿡
һЦƺмƲƲ죺ָʹСһﶯ֣Ǿ͸һЩ̿һֻ¶ѡҿˡͶЩµСͷһ·ɣ
ضǼĿⲻţ³ȴǺЦԡ棿
ҼһԾŶ
ǺãȻô˵ˣٲӣɾ˵ȥˣٺٺ١ЦһоâһƣôɡֻҪףֱҽǹǰ߾ϵǲ᳷ģ
ò˵ף
ûпһۣƺɫƽǰȥţǻЦݡ
ڶ峿ʹŷصϢݸ䣬ͬʱһ˶𾪵ذϢԪ˧ƺָʹɱʹѺȥ


1144 
ݡ
һƿµʹŸҪ֮ʱɰǧĸ뽵СС۶ڣʱͽΧˮйͨɷнɱ⡣
бɨɨܣһЦһԵƺ˿Ϊ⣺Ҿ˵ѶôǻûƶһЩ˵Ŷˣߺߺߡ
λһðɣ
˼ƺǰһ֣һȭлλƺ˵ȭȭ⣬ֻǴ˴ݱ򣬽ƺƺһΣʵƺԸλȫɣ
˵ţƺ˹¡
΢΢һڳҲһرȭһ񣺡壬ҵȾ

ʱһ˼ٻӰĴȺб˳ܿԣŮĻӦŶԣõŮ
Ȼ˵꣬ƺǻ˰֣΢΢һЦ˼¾Ͳ£ǾǳġܴӦ׿£ˣȥɣΪ¹ڻûˡ

˼ϣɽлŮߣҲǱ˵صԴء
ʱѡ¶𳤷˷׷׵룬뽫ȻأƺѾҲһ̾ٶԡ
ֻ¶ƺߣסƣҸһȥ
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ˣԴӵǵǣһ󣬾ͷֲˣ΢΢һЦ¶һֿۣѵ㣬Ժ˼չˣ
Ƥ΢΢˲Ƿ޶ǰѲãʹر˵Դ
Ҳ˼ݸ
¶ȴḧ˸գ¶ҸЦݣԸһģײ롣˼ҸֿˣҲû취տˣǸ
˻˼޵ĸĴ۾źˡƺ¶ȴǱ˴˶һۣ¶ȻЦݣԴͽ
ǵݹȥһĵѱֶŮ뻳УٲֻǸùõģҲǽ˫һƬʪڵѪ
Ժңλܼˣ
ƺ𳤷һݣµѺ뿪һ·ϣͷ͡
Ƕ֪ǧԩŮԩѣҪƽϢɸ꣬ƺֻԳס˶Ĵ壬һ󾴷
ʵĴϡεȣĶ֣ոպͽغƶˡ
ν֪£ƺһ·ͣݸ߲ļһѺ¶̲סһˡ
˵ƣݱûҪ󰡡ֻΨһ˫ԺĴ
ڰһе׿ҡҡͷϼһﰡӶһ𣿺ߺߣô˵˼ҲΪݰģΪͷ죬ʾʾҪܶԹˣ
ô㲻־һƺûڵҪڽǵ۶ԩˣԵĽѩбƳȤ
ҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ﾭγô£ʦڣΪһǺǡֻӣˣһĲֵƺȥǣûôüֵﾭγûʽեȡأأ
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԰ƺöӣеĳӦòˣҪˡֻҪһұɶ
һЦ׿ֻ̾ǰȥˣݸ߲㻹ûʲôﾭγת
ؿһۣĽѩʧЦôĿǰֻбĽⷨҾƺô⣬һ°ΣͦġǰĽⷨҪô⣿
ߣԼ°ΣǴ壬ⲻģûа취ﾭγƵôģ
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ˣҴӦ㽲£ӦΣ
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üͷ΢ĽѩȻ֮£Сݣ磡
Ϊˣ԰ɣ
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ʦҲһ֮ˣӦ
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Ϊʲôһ㶣Ľѩʱг
аЦһ׿ĵǰǸҲĪຣʲôʱʦ˴𰸣ԭٸһһЩн˽Լҵսأū֮ܵõܵõ˵أΪǾһ˫ասȴҪʲô
սҪǮҪ˽Եµ£ɡε˿ຣΪ̬Ͳʲôˡм丶ͣûв˭ȥսҪΪ˭ȥսǮһЩսòأǵйūһһˮ֮СôĻ㾿£а£
ȫȦˣĽѩؿ׿˵һ仰
дһ츣дħҲһͿ̿
ৣ
йâһóһŽ׵ֽţڶǰ׿һЦĵֽҿ㿴Ҳ˭˵𣿡

һͣĽѩԡ
ɴЦһ׿һ˦ֽţѡĲаҪԵ棬͹ˣ֪ʲôǲܸ뿴һ档ǸһһĿģΪսຣֲĵ£ô¸ʲôﵹæ
ǡôܿ뿴һ棿
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΢΢һ̣׿˽㲻ܷһ㡣ħҲĨһ㡣ⲢӰ죬һħ֮ˣ֮¡Ǹһսһ֮ʱ˵ƣơ˺˽ûìܡ֮Ҫ˵ħȥҪ˵ħݣħҲǶ


1145 ⷨ
ؿһۣĽѩȻͷҲ˵ֻҪźõķ淢չƣʲôֶΣ޷ħ
ֱĽСԣȷԸ
΢΢һЦ׿ȻһһһС͵һ˼͵ǽΣȴ˱ץסˡڴϣةֱӽͷšо˵ģԸԺС͵ˣҲԸ޵ں
Ҳһƣ˵С͵ߣݡȴӪһƣأûбصĶ˵Ļ˼ǴҲˡΪ˵ĻСΪԼħΪһƣݻΪǺħħǵȴˡΪˣҲΪԼ
ص˵ԴĽѩ˲俪·һȴ򿪣Ϊµ硣
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΢΢˵ͷ׿ƺչ̫Ѹ٣Ҳ̫ǿҪõݻȨԵɾ˫Ժе񵱳ҵ·֮ԸôѸٷչΪţʱ¡˼㷢չ٣ҲûΪȱĸؽȡ˫ԺԶʱ䣡
ϴλ£ֻѸٴϵԽԽΣաҴңԿ죬ڷչ֮ǰҪҴţһ·֡˵ͼֹˣּʮˡ˵Ϊλԭ˫ԺҹΣ϶ȴԽԽϴε֮£˫ԺûҪһ£ѺۡﾭγǳѺģ
۾΢΢һУĽѩ˵ﾭγͷݿսҪ䣿
ҪսϣħأҴģ
Цһ׿ԣֻСС֣ȴ˺ӡӣ˫Ժ϶˵ǰ϶¶ô죬϶ѸΪһǽϵһ˶ѷ졣ݵӰǶˡƺ³²ֹвޣĵҲԹ԰ɣ
ô˵˫ԺҲϴ棬ϴôѵѵСܶν棬ϴܻСȫϴʧְǶ֪ԩƺһ˳еҲӲˡֻڼ䣬˫Ժһά֮ⶼûУ͵Сӳȥ£ñСô룿ĺ˵˶˫ԺȷвϷܻɣȶһСܵ԰ɣ˵ϴôϴģ
Ƥ΢΢ĽѩЦһλǧǰ¸أôƻˣϲ⣿
ٵ¸أҲħ棬ҲмʣռġȻôῴô˳ۣԼְˣ
ǰٶǰһĻǲƽĽѩҲǳ̾һЩϧ
˵ͷȻҡҡͷ׿ϵҲܲˣշʱϵ֣ûеһʱ侮ʯ֤ǻ֪ǷǺڰףûбͷǲΪɡڸ߲㣬ѵõˣҪҡ
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ҵıȽϰԵĽݹˣв죡
˵ֲֻ֣̽⣬Ҳݵúܣ
ţҵİ취ǡ
׿ͻȻ¶һаЦݣĶսͬˣƴˣɱѪɺҲں̵ģʲôˣҲǷȥϵģ˭˭

ĺкĽѩ˲סˣ׿һåĿࣺĽⷨⲻһ𣿡
ǺǺǡҾ˵ܲˣ˵ܰˣ
ȻһЦ׿ָֻƽĽݹղſЦҵĽⷨȷǱ书һۣսסо仰û㶵ģ㶵²ҪġʱµˣǷӣ
Ҳûôİ˵ʵƴĹ𣿡
ҪƴֻӣŶԷˡʵﾭγģҲһģһ
ǻЦݣ׿ĳĽݹǵǸոշʲô𣿡
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ɫȻһ࣬׿˵ʵȷȲʮ֮һǣһȫ˼ϼͬսûһ룬Ҳ֮һЩսһ˫ԺҪжҪôܲʣЩսˣݼ̤ЩսʧݻʲôΪˣΪԼ˫ԺٴԹҲö
ݲսΪһͬ˾ܲһݣһɱݣٹʲôսʦǷ൱ڱսͦҵȰݣٰݣˣǸҲսЮЮ¶Ϊã
һݴսͿ̲̿ͫסһĽѩüͷһ壺ȻǸӣ²ƺƺ׵㣡
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ƺ⺢ҪĿףͲ˳֮ʹˡǺǺǡĽݹˣڵǲܸݿսġǸôʽﾭγֻܿŸɵۣƵĵ㣬ˣݺ̸ûһƨǸͰˣ
յСӣߣݺݵһۣĽѩƲƲ죬ȴȻЦ⡣
ǰ׿¿ƴ󵨷񣬵ǽȴ˺õһ棬žħںϣ˰ɣ
뵽һ㣬벻𣿡
Ҳ벻޳𳤷⼸ǵֻ֮ǡҰˡ
ң
ǰûоԵİգǵȻң
γ̾׿һҪ̣Ҫ㹻ӣҵӻ̫ˡǲ֪ħϴսҲ֪ﾭγļɵԼܷô̫δ֪أҪģеĹǣ˫Ժݵĸ߲㣬Ϊպ֮֡հǰ˺û뷨Ͳ֡޳ǶıʿȴߣǴﲻ
ĻĽѩҲ΢΢ͷǰжܸħͷһעʤأ
֮СĵáϾǻ̤߱ĻٴһԶȥƺˣ׿һתʧӰ
ĽѩҲңңһۣתȥ


1146 ϣ
ƺ򸾣Ŵɱ뿪ˣݵ㣬Ҳʱ˻ȥ龰ݸ߲㲻ʱ裬ûγս𡣲֪ﾭγôģǲͰﾭγսˡ
ϾӲʵ۷ǿߵȣǶݲһȼϴδսǻ׿ָӣٿս˭ȥԸﾭγǿ԰
һϲҳݸ߲ǵĿ񻶣ȴҵİˡ
еˣСѱ͵˼λһϣݡ𳤷λܼңڲ෽ļϣҲǳ̾üչǼǵͳգֱ´ˡ

һ죬һӣ͵վ𣬴ȥѼȻظһأȥˣҲνˣ
ƨ㵱ץ߼˭ݽǣѵϴڵаܵòȥȣСİԼٸϣߣ
Ȼһ޳Ǻݵһۣȳ
˲һΪƽʱλԼλأûȵġʱȻ췢ôƢȻҲ˼ȣ
飬ҲֻǺ޺޵һӺҧҪΣôü䵽űǴϷżսûôҵأߣ
ϣȵȰɣ
˿𳤷绹Ƚ侲оâһ̾ﾭγųµһ࣬ļıԽˣ۹սԸܼôۣѵֻΪԴ˵䲻ĻǿﲻǸ˽ʾ֭ƵĵزͻȻ£кģȵȰɣ
ֱֱضһۣ˳Ĭ΢΢ͷ
˼ǰһүү˵Ҹ׻оȣ
ӦУڼһöӣǲ֪ﾭγҪöˡԿ϶ǣõӣô
üͷţ𳤷ĳܿ̾һֻﾭγսթıɶϣǲµͼΣǿ¸ûи̸еĳ롣ʱ׿ܼھͺˣ
æԴ޳Ҳǲɸ̾ǰҪ׿ܼڵĻܱ״ߣһа취ǰʳ
ԣڳˣλ̲ס΢΢ԴһƬ磬ƺյ
׿ܼҡ
üͷ΢΢˼ૣǹùõİôܾҵ𣿡
ž
ḧһСԴϣѵǹſЦȴǲȻζǰڵĻҾûйȥĿ
˼Ҳ㲻֪׿ܼҵĳܼңҲ˵ߡйͬ˵λԪ϶֪׿ܼ߳ƣҴھصλã
ʱҲһ֣صˣĵġǵ׿ܼҵȴںܶ𣬶ȾֲȾηǴĵﻹ뾴ġ˵ߵ׿ܼҵߵðԵĻǵ׿ܼһġû׿ܼңûڵˣ
ͫݺݶ˶˼һ죺׿ܼôһֱΪֻǹùõİˣǲᣬ¹ùģԭȻôأԪϻҪ
ֹҪԪϼҪϹϾأ
һ򲻷Եʱ˿Ҳ̲ס˻䣬ô˵ҵʵʼҲҵĺڰ
ڰ
ǰܷչôҴҵûкڰǲܵģһЦҺڰ棬иģûвµġֻǺ뿪ˣɼʵȨҲſʼתԡȻڰУͷǰôˣתҲҪչ֮磬£ģ
ιιιϷ˼ǰǺͰ׵үүڮ
ǰûӴڰƵģ
ԣ𳤷޳ʱԷݺݵһۡСǰ˼ϵ׺òã
ȴǲмһЦĵˣװʲôˣǿңװҾ͸Ҵ˵Ӵû뿪ڰ
ǣ鱨ģͰӰӽͷ鱨ͷӣ뿪ڰУмƲƲ죬ͷЦһ
ÿɷ񣬵ɫһֶ࣬Կ϶ҪȼͲܹ󣬾͵ôӺڰֽšϼһıóûа취ɣ
ʲôãеĻóˣ
η۶𳤷ֳ̾һֻƾѳζǣûʲô߿ᰡԸﾭγֻ׿ܼҳˣ
ԣ˼ǰһæô׿ܼܾҸĸף
˵˭ܹﾭγһϸ£˵ĻǾãҲֻ׿ܼˣ
΢΢𳤷һ˼֪ܲǰǴݴսݱǿ׳ͳ˧ﾭγıԹˣ˿ɵС֮£ݹ׿ܼΪԪ˧ƣŤתǬﾭγȫ̲𣬾𡣿ô˵˭ܿµһ࣬ﾭγıĻҲֻǵµһܼң׿ܼˣ
ɫһϲ˼æѻ𳤷ץ½ǣڵүүң׿ܼھ
Ҫ֪Ҿȥˣҡ
Ϸһ˿ɫ𳤷糤̾׿ܼҰǰ˵֮ڣ֪Ǽ٣δˣֻڡ
ˣ
̲סһ˼ոϣ˲ȥòܾĸ䣬Ȼʣ
һĸĸҪ˲ܾȳأ
һʱ䣬˼ЩݣЩ޵ĳ嶯
ǣӳһЦȴǶô˶ԣǸԵȻǼٵģ׿ܼһû
ʲô
һת׿ȥȴһλŮЦеǰ
˼һʱһϲȥ˪̣
˼İɣ㸸ĸϣȳؽڻУŮһЦ
𳤷Ǹæ˱ȭʥŮ
ûʥŮ˪
˪㲻ôˣ֣һϲҲǸæӭϡ
΢΢ף˪һǳɫâǰҵȷ࣬ǺֻܿΪġԸæɽһ£֪ȻɱǱ֣֮ȴ˻⡣ʶУܻģֻһˣƫƫΪ֣˵˭
׿
̲סһгȻѱҲЩȦ˼˼㲻˵ǱǾϸж뿪𣿾ʲô£Ǽˣ
ͫ΢΢˼Ҳһͣнã֮ɫ
ǹùǿе׿ܼңä塭˳ܼң


1147 Ѱ
ʲôɣǸäʦ˵ĳܼң˵ߣ
ɭУһʮ˸OO@@ݴԣɽ˼ȥ˵һ󣬲ʱɵˣĿɿڴòŷӦ̾ѹˣôϤ˭ʶ屾үԪ֮ݣԭ˵λȻ߲İ
η۶仰һԵлбƳһۣߺߵУʵ㲻ȨҲԪ֮ģ
˵Ҳԣ
΢΢һͣһ뵽׿˲ɷնѴ֮һĻɽһݣӲԴ
ǰľ֣ܰ˭ﰡ뿪ǾСݲˡʵҲȷˣȻƣû۷Ĵڣݵĵλ϶ȷλ񣬰
뵽ɽ̾˵˼Ѿڶ壬һһ˶⣬ܿǣȥ˼ҳɽ֪˼һԸԸأĻΪһֱݣй©žǲ˰
ž
䣬һֻǺݺһԴ
һɽת׿ȥȴһ˫ݺݵȴɡ
СƨϹ˵ʲôأҵĳܼң˽٣һ׵ʱĸδοǽ죿
޺޵³һŭĿѵΪ˶һۣŰ裿ȥүүúùܹˣǸУᣬ̻ˣ
ùãҾôһ˵ʲô𰡣ǲһɽί˵ҵȻɵүү֮ͦģ
ǣ
һԣѵʱЦÿɷˣҲݸһЦҡԴ
ʱ˼׵һۣɫСɽƶˣ׿ܼҹùʮҪ˿µģ˵һ䣬С˺죡
ôأ
һɽСһ˪һۣŹ⡣
ùãäʦò˰ɣٺٺ١
ʲô
һѱ֪ʲôɺݵһۣŭȻֿǰ˼˼ûУ
æԴڵŮˣ˼ֶŮҲǣæָָǰе쵽ˣǰ棬и®ä
쵰ҵˣ
۾΢΢һУһŭɫ۵ȴ޾ĿϲϣȻ󲻵˼·㼱һ̤ţ˲ǰȥת۲Ӱ
һ˴˶һۣҲݸһЦ겻Сǵȼ˰ǺǺǡ
ͬڴҲæӿŲȥܿ죬е˱㶼˽®ǰһĻȴһյݣʧ߳Ӱ
˼أ
ùá
ңңһۿտҲӣ˼ҲǸæȥ̽һȴ˲ɻⲻ԰Σǹ齣ġڡô齣ûˣ
幩ϸϸ쿴һҲ΢΢ͷǰϴ󣬵ȷкܶ齣ţôûˣ
ߺߣ⻹˵ôǸֶˣô𣿡ʧЦЦɬһƤһ飬޵ĳ嶯
ˣΪǣҶǣÿʱÿҵģȴһݣ
ⲻЩʧģӾѲܸܲ׿⣬׿ѹڶǰ
һĵ׾Ҫһֱܶˣ˭ҵأ
һˣ̲ס׷ڵأͷ˫ϥ䣬Ҿʲôˣôء
ùá
û˰˵ӣ˼һʹ૳
ʱһϵƣȴļͷֹǰοһȴ𳤷ɡ
˼𳤷糤̾һȻɫһ֣࣬ʵ˼С㣬ʱô龰ȷäʦ׿ܼ𣿡
ȷ
üͷţ˼ɫسΧһ죬Ƕ֧ˣ˵ʲôҲ壬Ը֪˭
Ȼͷ𳤷ϸϸ˼Ҳǵ˶ʵ۷֮˼վѣ˲Ķǰֶģȼ̫ˣ
ǰ׿ܼǣС֪ݣ
ء
Ȼ𳤷һѲˣ֧ŵǸ쵰Ȼǲҡ
ҡҡԴ˼С޳ˣҲǲ֪ȰڣҲȰʱ׿Ҫİ
ಣ
ͻȻƿ죬һӰأóǰһݣһöʵݵ𳤷ǰܼңǰǴָҪܼ۹Ŀ
򣿡
۾΢΢һУ𳤷ü𣺡ﾭγҪöˣ
ȻˣѶϢҪ̸ˣ
û
޳һۣ𳤷ҲһͬҲǼһˣʲô
˵ţ𳤷˼ϸϸ쿴ȴǺͫһڿͣѵС㣬ﾭγԼ̸ּ
֨
һ̧ͣ׵˫𳤷˵ﾭγҪ̸ˣƺͻоȣ
ûǾȥʲô˵϶û£ôһϣ
˵ͷĨһ⣬أվҲУϵܼңλͬǰȥϺѩһʣµǸ쵰ǧס
ùã𣿶ȥ¥ˣ
ߣزǶţûУһֱŵ˼ֱġ
ѹ˵򰮳ɺޣùŭ𣬼ֱҪ׿ܼҳһ
ˣȴ΢΢üĵС㣬ôȥԼΣհ
ΣҲȥ¹ƺ
ôټɵ˰ɣ컹ǲģ
𳤷ȴǰڰ֣ÿɷ񣺡ϲض˼ˣǱǿ׳ơк֮⣬ȥ˶û˼Ǿ㵥ᣬҲνؼǣⳡ磬Ǳȥ
Ȼص˵ͷ쳤̾һҲ˵ʲôˣֻ֣һȭأ
İɣȻԼ̸ﾭγӦòôǧټֻΪץˣɲľγıԣǲµģ
΢΢һЦ𳤷ҲһµǱ˱ȭ󣬱㿴
ٴؿһ۽®оâһһת뿪ȴһ󷢺ݡ
ţܵĺǣһҵ㣬ߣ


1148 Լ̸
ѵ˵ӰܿʧȻԶ˼˻࿴˿ǳ̾һҡҡԴת®ȥ
ǵڽ®׿ѰλܼҵԮ֣˵ĿǰѶȥȴϣ졭
ǣתһɲǣǿտյڲ֪ʱǳһһΣһŰۣ˫һ㵭ײ꣬ȻԵõƷ裬ʱ졣
ֹסһ˼ʱסˣ촽һгää塭
׿׿ܼҡ
ǣҲ˫ֹͫסݺЩ죬ֹסرӿ
ˣǴ£һˣٴγ֡ⲻλģʱĳȣѡ
³һ׿΢΢̧ף¶һȻЦݣϣλδλɺã
׿ܼң
ͨһλ˵λߵĹعڵأ˫ֱȭʲôҲû˵ֻ¶֮ɫ۵Ƿ꣬ȼƺʱҪǿ֡
ûЩ⣬ʿһ㣬˼ٿ׿ȫȷ
һֱ㾴׿ܼҡҺʵǣ˵ӰȻĸףƺ
һ㣬λ˲Ϳˣ־Ǿôĵعţʲô˵ֻԸ£·һ
⡭ôܣ
һǰĹܼңʵǿȻǹ˼ⲻǹҪ췴Ľ
ǣȨƣҲֻһ˶뿪δһȨ֡
أ˼ƺЩףΪǸ׻ǹùãˣ
ɽл˿һĻҲǾĿ࣬þûزζǶ֪⼸λƢĸúܡֻʵǿĻǾĸԸݷġ
ҲǵһμЩͷ̬֮һʱزûôϥģڡ
촽΢΢Сһ׿ҲӾγ˵ڣ׿û¶ֻ࣬һλʿ㣬ھƷѣ
ضţ˼ȻתͷԶ׷ȥǻܳ׿Ȼ֮˲𣺡Ѿͷȥ
ҹùȥһֱ㣬ڹƻûԶҰǽлת׿׿˼
ҡҡԴ׿΢΢һЦˣҾǲǣŶŲֵģ
Ϊʲô
Ϊһһֱڵȴļƻ
̾һ׿磬ĵ²ǣǰﾭγȻѡǣҲֻ˳ˮˡ˵ίϣ
ί
һԣ˼ƺʲô촽һܵ׿ߣӵä塭׿壬ܵίûʲôҵҪǵ˺ˣȾǰɣ
İɣǲ£ֻǻٶ̣ܵίˣ
С滨ӣ׿΢΢һЦ߳⣬ЩڵصλǰСǻȣ˸ûʲôҪӮ͵һЩҪĶػغڰˡסǽʲôҪ̫ƽˣ
һ䣬׿һתٴκһʧ
һ󼱣׿ܼң׿ܼҡ
ǣκҲӰˡ
һƬ磬˻һۣЩԺ׿ܼҴ˴γ֣Ǹʲôʾģֻʲô˼ء
󣬽ݱ߾һصɽУѺ𳤷ˣѶϢʾһƾɵķǰ
һ˹Ⱥ
˵λ𣿡
ǣ
Ǻһۣɫ䣬˴Сѣһ
СҼ˵Ⱥʱˣ
ٹһݣǺһţ˸ơ
˵ҲûпһۣѾôڵ˽ȥ𳤷æϡ
žһľźĹϣǰʱһƬڰֲָʲô֪еˣûһ˿¶ƽ糣
žžž
ȻڴʱһİҲǺȼĻ棬ʱյý̻Ի͡һŻһЦݵ꣬ƣڳˣ޵˵ҾһŰǣһȻ鴫СһŮ֮ǽüʶˣ
ǡ
ة࣬ﾭγС㣬ˣ΢΢һЦǻӹһָָǰΣ룡
һۣѶû˵£վ
΢΢һЦﾭγҲһȺˣɢǿƣȻǣ
֪ةСŮǰкδͽ̣
ͽ̲ҵֻм飬֪СһѿżɽﾭγﾭγҲЦһв֪ӺδóһʵΪֽţ˹ȥȻӰɱʹһº󣬽ǵ۶켫̣֮ЧȡСΪΨһǵʬǺǺǡ
̲סһѺݺݵﾭγŭ㾿Ҫʲô
ûʲôְ֤ڶѣǺǺǡһյ򣬰ﾭγǻа컡ȡ
üͷţѵɫؿ¡𳤷صةˣ˲˵ة˴ĻǰҼҼֻÿԴɣ
λܼҰɣ
̧ƳƳﾭγһЦĵ˵ǣͬ죬һ⽻һ򱾲һı£ݣύһˡܼңԭҲһة࣬൹ͬˣһҡ
Сҳݣة°
̫ǫˣܸСӶƳˮ˵ʧˣҲС
۾΢΢һУﾭγؿһۣ¶а컡ȣôѵλˣñ࿴λı°ɡ⴦Ȼǩ𣬶ҹ£ݽ֪ǳˣҽźڣôλĿǰҪξȼأǺǺǡӦ⽻ˣǾɣ
һݣ˻һۣɫǳﾭγǵô
˿𳤷һЦﾭγ֪ةʲô˼ҼҼһ˵ԴԹƺûôҪɣҪةʲôҪ󣬾ǣ
¸ң뿴ҵĵߣ
ǳԴֻԸ
ǺãҾҪԴˣоâһﾭγһЦзżᶨ
һ˽ǽ߬߬ȭͷݺݶţͬʱЩԻ
Ѿǰ̸Ϊ̸ְʲôԻ֡


1149 ûʸ
ؿһۣ𳤷ЦةЦˣһԴֻΪȡҼҼһԴǷ̫ˣմĴ·񰡣
ǺǺǡȻ֪ҴӦףΪҰܵľڻҴ𣿡
Цһﾭγаؿһۣ˵ʵںСؽϡһԴʲôǶͷһ˳⣬ǸͲһˣΪ£һˡһԴһδ׬⣡
΢𳤷ɫسʱ޳ǰһةǰ𣬲Ҫ̸𣿡
ϣλɣ
ǰһﾭγЦ˵ӴôĦȻ˵̸Ǿ˵˵ʲôɣ˵ĿҲĻǺú̸̸ģǺǺǡ
üͷ΢΢޳üעӣ˼Цǳ˼ܲµó˵ҵȺúòһɣ
ǽƻһҲ̽ϸƫ˵ٺٺ١Цһﾭγĵ²ǾͻһɣλܸһĴ𸴣αλǰҲֻ֪ͨλʬѣٻɣ
˫һ޳ɫأﾭγϷˣǣֲò¹ؼΣֻܷ㵽ס
˸òˣͶǰɣ
һڳȫɫ䡣Ͷǣ񲻵ڱݣͶȻصĳش
ߺȣ˼
ǰһﾭγЦŵ˵ͷһص޳¶Цݣ˵ģǿˣǿСأ
Ĭ޳ֻüͷһԡ
ȻѾµ˰ﾭγץƺĿģЮ֮ӣ˾ͷҪôĻȴڻݽĸ
֮ɢ⣬ǨݣҲݸѾγɣֲǽ֣Էֵһ㡣ôԻٳǡ˵ȼҪϿȴҪ˼ˣϾлһء
ƺ룬ﾭγʧЦһڰֵ̫ţ´ˣֻټ飬ƾƺͷôܽأңݵ㣬ҲûôطôˣѵԼ鷳𣿡

֪ΪΣﾭγ仰ȴ볤ظĸоﾭγϿ׽㣬Ҫƺˣ
һ
ǹЦݣﾭγȻҵľ²ı²±⡣ǲˣǵ̸У
üͷ΢΢ϸϸ˼ةݣץΪ뽻˾ټͶôĻĪҪұ߾£
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꣬˲վãةҪݣҪ͸ݷðɡҰݷͼзʽ֮͸¶ةˣ㹥ݵʱ°빦׾һΣºǲϣ
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֣ﾭγҲǺúʹ죬ȻɨһۣЦǰô׿СӶģôһֱױأһʼѾ˵ҵİѾȥˣݽ֪ϦģҽǺڣҪҰ˷ˣܵøҸûʵɰ
Ҫʲô
ϱ࣬Ӧϣݣɫһ࣬ﾭγ֣س
ʲô
̲ͫסһ󺧡
ݣֱȾͶӣ߱˵֮ͬţݻ빲ţأ
ƤֹסѺݺҡԴԣƺӦµġһƳ֮£֪˰ɱԼһʹ
С㣬ʹˣ籾Ǹɱĵط㲻ɱˣ˾ͻɱ㡣㲻̶µʱǶµʱһ㶼Ậģ
һɣﾭγ΢΢һЦʼ˹ƻ֮ǵε𣿱ˣݸˡ̫ǿڸ߲㣬ǳֻûڶѡһƣȻЩǣҲܽץﰡ˵Ǽ޻֮ƣǸӣҪ군ģǰ˵ǻǿ𣿡
Ƥ΢΢жҡ
ţﾭγֱֱ¶Цݣң˭֪аѱ䵽ҵУǻᱻһץסѱĸ߲㣬жôΣǰϼһ˭ֻƴһӶ֣϶󳹵װǴȨṹмܿճʱʲôǣֻ⣡
ǣʧȥȨҲʧȥ֪
֪֪𣿡
һЦﾭγ¶аЦݣˣһº̡Ȼͨ棬ӻЩ˻ô룿϶Ϊ֮ʲôɸ˵ܣǵɼϸʱǰٿĪ磬ģЩڲɱֵˡǵҲˣʲôûͽţ
ֹסһ˽´󺧣ﾭγĿ⣬Ǻ⣬ļɵ
úݰ
룬ﾭγ֣ʧЦ۹⿴ңڿڰǡֻҪǰݣǾһУ˳¡ˣҿԹ£һơЯһͳΰҵٵ۷塣ʱǾǹͽʷʤдģܱǱŶԩðɣ
еˣһ֪γ
΢ĬĬ
ة࣬ɷǴС㿼Ǽգظʱ𳤷Ҳûа취
ȻͷﾭγҲżԣʮʱ䣬һֱúλֻλҪ찡һºҪˣ
ףȻصͷ𳤷ѲΡΡӣȥ
ǣ뿪ﾭγٴ𣺡λǣǰ׿𣿡
һͣûлͷֻǳĬ
ǡûʸ񣡡һЦﾭγ¶Цݡ
ȫһ󴥵Ĳɫʲô˵ֻĬĬ뿪ˡ


1150 ¾㱸
İﾭγȻһֱ̽ǣ쵰
ǰ̽ǳûһҲ˹ˣ
µգһƬɭּ䣬һٸ·һͷһ˲ͣɧáȴ޳ˡ
𳤷ˣȴһ̾ˣûһܲµͼ˭֪Сô󣬶üֵեˡǶĸ飬˵һ˵ĶԣǾͼϣ粻˫ԺΣһЩ£ֱܱԼҪĿ
ǰΪҲðû˭ΪҲ˵һͶǣΨһĳ·żǰе·˰ﾭγ
һҡԴ޳Ҳֹס̾Ǻܿ죬ֿǰǳѣһڣˡ
ʱʹĴžλС㣬Ϊ䣬һѾϵģ
Ҳһͻõܵܰԩ˵ųҲһѹһ˶ܲˣοһŮӣ
һˣ˽ǽüͷ첻ˣ
ܿ죬˾ҹ·ֻصǽ®ǰ档ǵǸոأ˼㼱˳ǣϵùãүү׿ܼһˣ
ʲô
ǰһѵʱһ·пһϣ⣬æУ²쿴Ѱˡ
ϵĵ̫أҪ˳еΣôѰңⲻʮƽСڣҲҲ˵һ˿Ӱ
ʱ컺ǰһݵС㣬ˣ׿ܼҶƬ̣뿪ˣ
뿪ˣ
һһŸոȽȽϣ֮ģٴȥһʧ񣺡뿪ˡΪʲôҪ뿪֪֪ڶôҪߣҽ⣬ô뿪ˣء
˵ţѲ㣬ſŵ䡣
𳤷ߣɫ£׿ܼ˵ЩʲôûУ
˵ˣҸǴ
ʲô
ǡǺͽ׿һֲؽ׿Ķ󹩷΢΢üϸϸ˼Ҫ˵ǰңһУعڰ׿ܼҵ˼ǡ
С㣬ǰʲôǺģ̫ƺ˵üĿΪȷϣ𳤷绹ʵ
΢΢˳ӣĨһᣬ޺޵ǰһôһף׷ɱӣͿˣ
׿ܼʲô
б£ѣɹƭʲô¶ˡʱǱִ£ͿһЩҩԴȰ˵ãô˵ҲͬˡʱҲͬˣ˼ұǿˡ˵ǿң˵׿ˣء޾Ѷӣ˵ʲôЩǷµծԺٲ
ԭѡ
Ȼص˵ͷλǻ࿴˿¶˵ȻЦݣȻ𳤷翴ѵ׿ܼѾﾭγĴˣǸǣԼ˲ϣ㲻Ҫȥܱˡعڰ˵ǰʲô֮綼ȥˣȱԼΪڻǽ֧ǣڲ֣ңͰﾭγһ£
ţ
һֵǻ˵ǴӦﾭγͽһݣʲôʱǱȥˣȰͶ
ǺǺǡ׿ܼĸﾭγ°ܽôȥأҰﾭγ׿ܼҲУǲϵһȥġ׿ܼңıˣǲһ£˵ôҲûʲôʧ
΢΢һЦ𳤷糤̾Ͼﾭγһ·Ҳֻһˣҽɣ׿ܼӦûı
±ӣ仹ŭ׿Ľ飬ʱ˸㣬ƽˣãﾭγѶ˵ǴӦˡ˼İɣȻǸıͲ£
΢΢һضԼĹùãǼŵݣ֪ΪΣ˼ҲһĪģ
ä壬ҵȫˡ
һ棬һƬѩ֮УһµӰ̤ںصĻѩϣȳһƽĽӡ˫ǰİײѩУ΢΢Ʈ
ݣ
ȻһƿһɫӰسǰһ棬һȭ磬ڵˣɷСˣ
࣬þòǻһȻȣ΢΢̧̧ͷ¶Ϥݣȴ׿ɣӣݵһ֣ŷࡣ
˭Ҳ֪ǣλݸ֣һصݣħħʹ֮һħʹ
ΪħʹϵĵλǰΨһûбħ͸ıݣҲǱ鲼ħΧ
ļ׿΢΢һЦɣȥ
ô磬Ҫչذ
ǰﾭγֶˣҲҪץʱˡ³һ׿ĳαչأһԪδܼʱɳءԭƻж⣬ٰտһң
Ȼ˵ͷŷ¶һĵЦݣİɴ磬һעġֻ㲻ǲǣħҲûϵΪǻᡭ
һֱڵŰﾭγѡӲ֣û뵽ѡҡȻֻܲǾǷˣֻǽʱտһºˣûʲôˣ³һڰ׿ҡͷЦҲЩΡ
ŷͷӡһᣬ˵һ˽磬˻棬Ǻڷ롣֮󣬾׿еıչسڡ
кأ˭ܴ
ĴƼʥ򣬶ûܹ
ͬһʱ䣬۶ǰﾭγһׯأ֮ڰֻңǺ¡ըףвһ˿Ĺâ
ڣγˡ
˿ﾭγЦݣ꾭γʧ㣬ܵشǧ̵ҡԴˣγһֱΡǲ֪ǺãȴִҪչأһվǰˡˣʵڲ˹ΣգҲ֪ľ⣬˭Ҳı䲻ˡһδ¶涼ѹţ۹ҲԽԽ󣡡
ģоγڣ۹£¾㱸γЩصɨҲѾʼˡڣǷڣ֮飬Ҳðɣһͳݣʱ򣬵ˣ
̲סһﾭγٴζը֮һݣһ㶸תȥжǱʤ
ʱ¡һ죬زڿѡ֮ϣشȻѸٻ۵һγһѰɳľ޴׽ֲƣϯ񷡣
ֹסһ𣬰ﾭγ͵ػ׿ȥʧɫڣˣ


1151 Ӧ
룡
ѩУʮӰ಻ʣһǹСӣЦӣһ߰ĳǿץһ̽ӣﾭγͣұ֮Ĳ
Ҳǽüͷ̾Ϊʹкͽ㣬ĿǰǶԸħǣôǶұĲȻ̽ˣ˼ܣô궼û¶ݼǿ裬ӹܱݷȫ֣һû
ˣҲҺڷ֮ôǺǺǡһЦɫ
ûǱݺͺɡڵ경ƹؼʱ򣬾һڸ߲㣬ĵΡ
ڣ˺Լƹܵ⣬һϵ񣬾ȫ˺ˡټٽ߾߷һ£ȫȫȨá
䣬ҲɵĳͣûһʧⲻΣ
ǣڴʱ˵Ƿ̽ӣ븹أԼŲ֮أһаﾭγжش鱨
һ仰쵱סˣҪǲƾ͸æλѩأ̣ץ֮̽׼̽ȡ鱨
֮Ŀ֮ȴһƬããѩ˵̽ˣӰûС
üͷţ첻Щɻ󣺡أ
ǰأתתҲһɻ
ڴʱһЦȴǶ𣺡Ҫ̽ӣǾ𣿡
ݣ
ƿǿӰȻǰһаЦֺصǣһƺӣһֱһƺ«ʱڡһǸˣɫĮһۿ䣬Ʈѩ֮С
ƣô̲ͫסһ󺧳ִ뱱ݱ߾Ϊûͨ

һ죬컰䣬ʱ˳ȥ̲ס³һѪ󣬲ؿЦһǵȻΪǶҷŽģԲûͨ
㡭
ֱԼ۾ҧأָָþ˵
ȻЦЦаؿһۣ죬ǰҾͿ㲻˳ˣΪʲôǺھ֮װΪʲôҪָӣҪ֪Ҳһ֮ƾʲô͹һƨɺ氢ķУߺߣ㲻Ǻ֪ǰǸϸ˭𣿸㣬ң
ʲô㣿
԰ֻЦϼһﻹϸƸˡϺͿƾʲôͳ챱ݰЦһ󼥷
쿴һУȴ۷ŭҧгݣȻˣΪλҪǣ
ǣΪԸ㰡
һЦƲмҪΪ˾Ƚǵ۹֧˼ңҪЩݸ߲ͣǽսͣΧĻҲȥءʵɣⶼûа취£ة̸Уǻŵģ
Ƥֹס΢΢˶´󾪣ԭһУǰﾭγľֻ֣ϧۻ軨ûҰģɾˣѱݱ߷Ȩ
һˣʱڵʹ
ôô˵㺣ڱͻڣҲǰﾭγļƻΪľ˳Һڣ

һͣƤ˫һ죬ȴǶΣ֪λش
ˣȴ̲סЦһˣֱжǰǿɶ֪ĵϸֻаة֪࣬ݡǼ£ǴˮǵˣŻᱻѵġʵ㺣û£ҪǺڣҲ˳õôֻҪƻǽѣֻ¶׿ˣ˶ѣ
ԣʱˣȴǸΣһ곡˥壬ù͸ˣǸæ⣺ˣλˣѾ£ǲǿʼة˵ļƻˣ
ԣةҪľٶȣսپ
˵ͷϵСӱȺףǾͻϮڣնж֮ݣžһɢɳ̼ɨƽһУ
ˣ·֣ѩϺŷ࣡
֪λ
Ȼص˵ͷƿǶ죬ǰŷཻ֣°ܽȻһۣԸӦûɡҺ;ƽȥѩϣǰĸͷ˽ᣬȥ㣡
ɫžﾰ컺ҡҡͷҪӦ
ãǾôˣ׼ӭǵĴӦϣ±ݡ֮Ǳ
ǣݺһȭоâһ
Ǻƭúڵĵӿʱݵľǿ棬ɱķʹ쳹񷡣ͷܣ׷ߣﲻ
ǣƾλѰ·˼㣬ŷࡢѩϵڸ֣ȻʧûӰ
ͬһʱ䣬ϹټңһȺɷת۴˽Ϊ֮ǸŮӣԱһϤӰƽϹٷƣ
ɨһۣտյϹٷƿŮӵĪأôˣ
ǰҲ֪
üͷţŮӺ޵ҧгݣȺɱҶӵ֣Ȼˣǲʱ򶯾̫󣬱ǵ̽̽ˣ
η۶ϹٷƺݺݵһۣϹĪǵùӣϹһӣ²ࡣϷͻϮҲô죡㣬ǲǰͨ籨ˣҿ˵̶Ǻӣɲ൱ΰ
Ƿҵģ
ݺһ˦֣ϹĪŭɱҶӣһҪ굽ص£ҲҪڵ߰ҳ磬һҪҰ
ȥȥȥ
ͷػ˻֣ϹٷһӶؿһۣͷʶ̡ǵ۹£ܵǱݣӦġˣţϹټˣȺףõ۹ӽɣӦϣһ¶ݣ
ǣ
һһݣȥѶϹٷƵУȴǼĹâ
ˣ
һ棬붫ݱͬģĽݼҲݣ֮նȻѸӦϣѸײڶ֮ƣ˶ȫ
ﾭγıնжЧ
ΪӦģƹܸݱ߷ĸ߲㣬ýִžǿ֪븹֮ڣֱȡָġֻҪЩطһɢɳ֯սˡ
ңΪǶԸһڣͻ벿ҲҪжˣΡ󹦸ɣӦϣȫߵз
Ǻ߾ߣͬ£ݶʱݡʣµģֻһˡ


1152 ħж
ಣ
ƿһһӰʱһСɽУȥ˫ˡ
ңң·һСľݣɫ˵˴Сﾭγ˽Ӵˣط𣿡
ϢӦû
΢΢˵ͷüҲǵȻѾ׼ϧ˾Ȼ߳һΪƺﾭγ˲һˣҪݰ
ǰô˵ݵ飬޷̵ġ߲ҿкλ˵ߣ
ŭ𣬺·һв
ڴʱ֨ѽһСľݵŴˣСسſ˿ûˣнӡ˵һһϸڣ˳ȥ𳤷ˣҲһһ߳Ȼֽӡǽϡ
龰𲻽һ飬޺޳飬ýСӷ̽顣ߺߣСӿ϶й̽ӣһ棡
ҲߣץУоâһüʱһ̤ŲȻ·ȥͷҲǽϡ
ৣ
Ӱֱֱ£Ҫ뿪ѵǰʱһ𾪲ѡ
λȷǰĻɡ
Ƥ΢΢һ飬ѿŶ˲ɲӲһЦλôﰡһǺǺǡ
ǵȻǳˣıƣôԱ¶ڹ컯֮أһЦ𼥷
ԣתת¶һã񣺡λԺ⣿ôװ
ףҾͽ͸
ݺݵһۣü𶨶ĵܵ䵽ˣ̸Уóݵķƺ̻ԲԣС̽ӣûɣ
촽΢ѳȴǶʱŭ·˭Ƶģ첻µز£λǰҾƺûʲôν档ҵܵһΪݾְأԹԩѣƨһ䵽ڻҳ棿Ȱҵܵܳģ
ѣǸ֮ƺݺֲݺģΪݱͿ̿ԼǴ塣ôֱڲ֮ءܸ𣿡
ֲҵܵܣô֪һˣңд岻ͱΪȺûȥǱôȥ֮磬ģΪôֱܾίǽ͸ˣǾɱ˷ŻˣǾǧ飬һˣôˣֻ׼ǻţ׼ǻŰ
Ҳжʱһʹࡣ
ü΢ȴһݺһ֣ŭΨŮСҲϷ򲻸һʶ֮Ϸץ̽ӣǾ͸ǻ˫Ժݸǰ˵ɣߣ
˵ţüǲǣСǰȳţʶĸϽףϷ㾾ͷԣ
ϣ˫Ժλ𣬺ôĿɽϻӳưֲµֹһƨһȴҫݻû˰ǺǺǡ

һöСдһЩȴĻʱڳ˵ĶС
˫̲ͫסһλ¶ʱһ£ٿǰСݣɫ˲㡭ʲôˣ

תʱΪϣСݶʱըһεĽ˲ɨˡ
²ɴ󺧣ǿֲ˵æ֣һݺǰһƣһ죬һǻмȴٳ֣һ࣬ˢˢˢǰɹֱϾ죬񷶼ֹס
ν
ֹͫסгɪĽף
ϵٴλΪת֮Ľ΢΢һЦɸٲֹֻǣȴǻһ޵֮ɫ
˵ոλ˵ʲôţԼȻҺùӳԡǺǺǡҳˣλʲôùӰ
üͷֹס˻࿴ʱһ
ΪǸС̽ӣһһ˺ֻսƽˣ¶Էȴˡ
ѣôĵӣȻаѽַݣ֪жΣ𣿡ݺݶѲţ㾿Ҫʲô
ƤһѲмƲ죬𻰡
ɪȴһЦȻΪһ㲻ֱ֣Ǵ¡ĿģȻСС֡˵ʵɣȡλ׼ġĻ뽻ɣǺǺǡ
ƾ㣡ͫһȻЦǶʱʮֵľ
΢΢һЦɪÿɷ񣺡Ȼֻƾˣҵİܽѵ˽𣿺ǺǺǡʵ˵ɣδ˰򾫱Ǳ븹أͻ˫ԺֻҪ˫Ժһ䣬ȺףһɢɳȻǧ򾫱Ӧϣݣǰةնж֪λãö೤ʱж졭Ṇ̀
ʲô
Ȼһ˫´󺧣ȻݺݿһۣѾͷΪǧ˰
һ䣬λǹ˲ˣæһ̧˫Ժϡϣܹնжǰ˫Ժʵݿ
龰ɪҲȥ׷ɸ١ǻ뿪һһŽɫ涸Ȼ˲佫˵
ôѵеڶˣ
Ȼһ´󺧣ǰȥȴǼһϤӰ㣿
ң̫Ҷۣ
ɫ棬Ҷ۵Ҳɢǿƣɪ֮£΢΢һЦ׵λ𣬺þòǰ˸Ǵ鱨˵˽̸Ұŵģ
²ɿһ£λ𿴿ɪٿǰҶۣʱȻһУͬʱҲԽ֡
ԭˣǹϷˣҪ˽ǣɰﾭγնж
ûȷǰة˼һ̣ɪ¶аЦݡ
۾УλĲ³ЩȻҶۣһõʧٰ꣬ôͶ˽أ
λᣬҴûͶǣ
סǡ
ǵ˼ħ
΢΢һЦҶ¶Цݣλħħʹ֮һħʹħжﾭγ޹أ
ԣλһжʱã
ãﾭγҲͰˣħҲһ֡һһһжǾʲô


1153 ۶

ڵҹīһ㣬˲񷡣ǳ¹⣬ҲȫڵŲ˿⻪ֻһСɽУߣĻŹ赸
ºڷɱҹһҹעƽ
һźۣ̻һͼӣ֮£ǲϲӣȴǺȻԳʱ˿̵ļ顣
ǰǺѹѹһƬͷܶҲȫں֮£һߡ˶ô׾ԲһžֻǷȼյ
֪óһյǰһ˹쾴һ£ǰˣߺȵҹϮĩ·ħΨҵۣħȡǣһͳµӣڵˣ

䣬·˶ʱұۣ֮ٴιƽ뻮һ
ǵ۹·ڲ飬ҵȹݵ۶ȡ֮Ĵûᣡţ˺Ȼɫһ֣࣬صͷУ۶䣬ǴңҵķֿɵáôڣͰԤȼƻжصأͻͻⱭ죬ףɹ
˵ţ׺һȻһݺˤ˵ϣˤķѡ
ǰˣҲǽԤ׼õһƣ߸߾ǰ˰˰ݣȳɹħ޵У
顭
䣬ҲȫоһȻһˤ£ը˷ǵԽ͸¶޾ս⣬˷Ī
ħɰӣڵˡ
ħʹˣ֪˴жλǷμӣȻǰλһݸӰΡΡؾĵ
бƳƳħʹһâħ飬ʲôʱֵˣ
Դһ˲ᣬֻһ˫۾ڲת֪ʲô
ߣûصĶ
һݺݵһۣħʹֿ˵ҷģ˴ǵжʮաݱ鱨ﾭγΪ˶Ըݣһִֽͻݸأһڱ߾ӦӦϡʱ˿̣Ȼûиǵʵµ۶´࣬ûҪκ飬ħʤ
ħʤ
ħʤ

ħʹһźٴȺ鼤쳤Хս˼㣬ǰȣֱ˷ࡣ
źʮħʹźݺһ֣

һкٴιƽӥҹɫǰǳ
䣡
ʱƽĵ۶ǰȻը죬޴ĳ˲ķѣƬһ۵Ӱ룬ֱʳǷǰȥ
Ѳߵĳ˶ҲǴһæǰȥ赲Щ˶ڣҸƣֻǹԪ־н򣬹Ԫ۷ĸǧ
˿µսŵĻʼӣ˲˸ֲܹӦԣֻ̼䣬߽⣬ɱðҽУɾ
ͬʱҪǳأҪأͨŦҵصصȣҲ̱˶ҡʱ䣬۹ָϵͳ̱ûԮ;ȥ²գǾҪ군ѳʮСˡ
ǿ۹˲̮Ҳѣ
ħ壬һɱ⡣Ǿ޷֮ˣ
ħʹҿ֮£ӭƮ̤ʬɽѪһ·ʳȥɫпĮʱģָµӣͻЩǸ߲㸮ۡնɱ
ףЩǽָӲһܴһԮǰʳǣһڻնɱ⣬ЩسҲһ
Ǻһɱʼˣŵ˷һŴԺڣѪĽҰһƬͿ֮̿ࡣ
˽ȥ۾ǳģֻɱ¾СӣҲûҪŹ˼䣬ͷأֹϢ
ǱͽҪɱͽ£ܶʱԲпֶˣǾò¡
ȻģɷϵǣʱȴֶΡû̵ı£ҷģ
ݰȥһƬ죬۶̼仯Ϊ޵ȻһУ΢΢գ¶ЦݣǺܿ죬ֲʧЦһҡҡԴҪĸöãֻϧֻˡ
䣡
Ȼڴʱ֮ʣһǿǶȻϯ񷣬·ܹϹ˫۵Ҳǲͣըա
˻
ֹסһ۶ǣɵϢһͣ´󺧡
֣
ৡ
ʱǻӦһĽâǶ紺һ£ವЩħӷȥ֮һѪ˷ѿŵҺ𣬶֫ɽõǡ
ħˣ
һĮӰ䵽ͷϿգк˪ûһ˿飬׵ɤҲһֺǵĸо
ֹͫסһ˲г꽣ꣿ
ʹˣԷн򣬲֪λûеţ˱ȰؿȻ
ȻҲһƬ죬Ȼݺҧҧһͷȳ
ͷûôˣǺǺǡ
ȻҪת˵ʱһаЦڳ˶СţһӶӾǿ˲佫ŷ룬ǰͷģȴة࣬ﾭγ
бһۣﾭγЦλħħʹʹ߰ɣǺǺǡǸͬҰﾭγûõġԺ𣬱ǳûչôҿɲٷˣ
ô£ǶȥȻһüͷ΢ȻһۣȴǵʱЦﾭγһʲôãǿɲֻʳһ߱ʧˣطɹ㽣ǵҲҪ̱ʱᷢʲô¾ͲԤ֮˰ɣ
ȻһЦﾭγÿɷص˵ͷǵľ¡ҵͨȫ̱ȷЩ鷳˵ǻʲô۶ӳô֪طıû׼أ
ƤһȻһؿһۡ
ةˣСɣְʱȻһݵӰ߳ﾭγߣһݡ
ӲһȻǳ㣿
ʹߣô࣬ҵ˸ʹұةˣǸһݣ΢΢һЦ
ȻƤ޵ҧгݣﾭγȴǴЦһΪŷǵ𣿱Ѳãһֱ̲ڵȥЩ̽ǣħλ֮ʱò˵ħ֯ȷܡôˣ̽˸ʹҸоѾǾͷˣѽұ㲻صˣԶˡǼĵط׼нء෴ȥģǽǸϢҷųȥļϢǡϵˣ


1154 ´
ﾭγ
ݺҧҧȻŭһ͵һ֣еħɱȥ
ǣ
һȣҲȫ壬ʹߵӰ͵ﾭγǱɱȥҪͻΧǣ˼ҼȻ׼ôл
ﾭγǹȻЦ⣬΢΢˫־һӣ׼õľǿˢˢǰͻЩûҵıͽһ򾡡
ʱ䣬ɱ죬ֻһΣǵɱǵսһšÿ˵У޾ɱ⣬жŵģֻеˡ
ô˵ħ뱩ĵӣҲǾǿǳصģƵǾҪһӽΧɱҲûôס
ϧǣ߻һλ󣬰Ľâ֮˿ɵⲻħһ˲䣬û˻֮㣬ֻܰϣ¾
ʹˣҵ巨ڣԷһǶס
ʹˣ뷨󰡣ΪβӰ
ʹˣݽһϸµķΪڻٳٲӰе

ֵǵҺȻݱ䣬α۾ԲԺƺֻ𵱳ٱǰ׿İοΣҪܵίˡ
ߺߺߣһίΣֻҪý䣬ҼöӣҲνˣ
ţȻһŭһȫƴţȻԷȥԴͷɱη
ǸҪģ
ָָȻǷӰﾭγĳȻɨһУͬЩɻ󣺡ǰħ巨û𣿡
һ棬˵۶⣬ǵ۹ܶҪǳأ˾ҵıǰͬǣαһ𣬱㱻׼ĽǾʱҲѣһ򾡡
бͽ˵ˣıûʲôΣѸٱȥǵĵ⵽˼γˡЩ鱨̽δμӱĵӣΪϸҲѸٱץ
ħݵһаգۼһ©
Ǹԭħʹˣڵ۶ͥϣһݣ£ةˣСȻħ࣬ºةʾ£
γ£۹ڲ㰲ˣ
̧ƳԱߵİﾭγһۣʵ۰ﾭ΢΢ͷڲ𣬽ħ۹һͳˣ
ǰǰǼ룬µ̶̼ڣ䲻˵ȫһ򾡣ӵҲǷëǣʲôˡħȻأʹ֪Ҳһ룬֮߳ƣټϸʹ鱨۹еħð˾Ųʮˣ
³һﾭγҲȻһ۹ٴΰȣҲõÿñµ۹ٺԺ𣬳⳸βˡһڿȫˣ
Цŵ˵ԴﾭҲࡣĵǣ⣺ڣ͵ǱߵϢˣǺǺǡ
ǱӦ˵߰ɣ
΢΢ףﾭγֿǸʹħʹߵݲ𣬾ʲôˣ
һݣǸʹةˣ⼸ڣѾݽ˺˲顣ǵ꺣̻ӣȻҲ
Ȼ
۾΢΢һУﾭγЦߺߣҰղ紵ǰǴңҾͲ⺣̻˷ˣΪֻǻͨµĸ˲ôһ㰡
ٴθһݣʹ޵ة㣬
ǣȻħǺ̻ݣΪֻħʹħûǼƨﾭγбƳƳ߳ħʹߵݲ鵽𣿡
΢΢һͣǸʹЩةˣħĪ⣬¶档ħʹУħʹҲصúܣħҲӴֻʹߣҲأ˵ұȽϤܶ񣬾ųµģҲͳݵӣȨԡ
ʲô
Գħʹ⣬ħһ֪ʲôݣɫʹΪѳ
ﾭγһߣȥλӡú̻ͷӣǺηʥߣ
˦˦ӣγ̤뿪ʹʵ۹˱ȭҲæϡ
ܿ죬˱һĵУһ谵СڡȻΪһŲϯϣĿƽ޲
žžž
ǳడħħʹ˲٣
һ𣬰ﾭγЦһͷ޵ֻñ಻׵ǣħǰǺ̻ɣôԼ˴ĲҵˣԼ򹤵أ
˫ȻбƳһۣЦλߣԹ߾֮ҲϣȻܡңҲҿˣȻֺ˴ˡ
Ժ⣿ضﾭγʵ
ǻа컡ȣȻĵεչأǧסʱٴ㡣ƢһлɳˣûסԶˡѿľӪȫˣʹҲҡҺҲǵٵľͲֻħˡ˵ңǲֲ㺦˴ңǺǺǡ
ѹֻʹµˣطûԭжʹȻͷͨһС
ǰﾭγȴȻţ۾һУһЦáⷬ˵ǣһܸ˵ʵ
಻νֻǸ̾Լ嶯ֲ㱨ʲôҵĻԼȥеʣǺǺǡ
ȻթˣǰǸ嶯Ķˣ
ضﾭγһЦĵħ˭巨أ
ĬȻмƲƲ죡
ʹһɵŭؾҪǰչһ¹ӵĻʣ̣й
һֻţͱﾭγһ̧֣ˡ
ҴñƹΪҾãƳĶûģ
ǻһ˿թﾭγȻˣȥʮպ󣬽ԭ̻ӣħħʹȻ켫̣֮ݽ֪
üͷһȻаؿһۣмһЦŻң
Ż㣬ֻλˣҹԹԳѣ
ҵıԶǣϣǲСʧ֪ģνЦЦȻÿɷ
һۣﾭγҲ¶аĹâ֪ô׵壬ˣܿһ壬ȴҲ㲻ˣ
ʲô
Կη
һЦﾭγħں̻ĻϣչġҲ˵к̻ܶˡôݼҲãˣȣ£ܵҲҲ
̻֮ˣִ֪֮硣꣬Ŀü˱ҲһڳϽסġ˵ţȻ˫Щͨ죬ƺʱĲ󣺡֪ʲôʲô
Ƕ㣬ħһˣǻһ뷨𣿺ߣмƲƲ죬ﾭγȻ֮ħʲôˣҲ֪ҲνʮһԼģ


1155 
Ƥ΢΢Ȼ߬߬ȭͷҧءȻ򶨣еѪ˿ȴѳеķŭ
龰ﾭγһ̣¶һЦݡ
ʱһٵĽŲĴһ첽ﾭγǰһݣĵ򣺡ةˣݴսѾȫˡֻɢĴӴܣλ˼׽áϣѶ
ģ
ǰһﾭγæùһһ쿴Ȼ̲סЦ´󶨣ҽһͳݵԸڴɡʣˣֻҪǳˣߺߡ
һ֣ﾭγʱ緢ȥȥйлص۶Ҫ۹ͣ࣬´󶨣
ǣ
һݣҲϲɫæʹбȻǽµݺ󣬼ЦһһصĺŹϣȻڵĲԶȥֻηУȻ¶һ˵Ӱ
ǣҲûһ˿֮ʱȻ촽ȴֹס㣬ôһֱϰ֮ɲٿ֮ĻոڰﾭγǰҶҪ˵ЦˣǺǺǡ
˵ţȻ沿鶯̲סЦֻЦȴҹӥ룬̶йɺ̹֮⣬һ󷢺·޺Ҫ˭µƵġ

˫ԺɪĽͨеתգ죬Ƕ
ڴʱһضҵĲ˲ϵɪٵҲأȻһͣͣ
֮ˣ
ҡҡԴɪǰȥȴѴȼֵĹǰ΢΢ݣ׷ɱЩӵأ֪ʱɪҵǰΪ£
ɪؿһۣεǾңҲϰúõǸˣ
üͷһ˱˴˶һۣԡ
ˣЩΧ˵ˣûнǸϾɱҲӳݣ
İɣҿǳľıԣͨЩɢ£ӵóƣɪͷİɣüһЦ
΢΢ͷɪҲǷйâһóһ򣬵ݸǣةഫԣ˴δս۶ܷ⡣Ӧϣжǳ˳׹һȥɣ
ô˵ﾭγҪƺˣɫһ࣬Ѹæù쿴һ¶ϣĹâ
Ȼص˵ͷɪ΢΢һЦ˫ḧٴת
ͬʱݺڣƽһڸ߲еϣɨ·һۣɿȵȿȿȡλɵΰȻ㱨һ£
⼸Ǻλİ򾫱Ӧǧ˲ɨݡûкͷڸɢ£ͷӬɱܶ˶ŵöһأôҶҲڣڴΧЩܵһҪϾɱ۹κκ󻼣
վǵɫͦŵֻΪֹŷѩ⼸Ӳ绹ûҵȴЩ鷳Ͼ·֡
˰֣һЦÿɷ񣺡ǺǺǡˣȷһ߰ɡ㽣Σݶǵ£ǻҳĴһΧˣ
ǰܽΧˣǱ·˾ʲô˵ģ
ҲһЦһǱȴأһͣپˡ
ݺݵضţ֣سǵ۹سǱݵˣǽǵЦ
ǣǽ
ֻ˵һԸ·ֵķûӳڣ㡭
ˣҴˣһɣƤһƵʱأʹѣͬʱ
̸ܰǣͷǰ£ȴֵͷϣǲ׶
û׶ˣ
һЦһ⣬ڰֵˣƽˣֻԺҪע㣬ǲûģ
ǣлһ죬ƺƽԼ顣
ˣͷŽó˹ȥة෢Ϣһص۶۹ͣࡣⱱۿϾҪʵ˰ϲϲ
Ӳһжʱ֣ĹʣһаĿ⣬ʱһС
̵ģѹСӸԼףԭұȨ
ˣ˵Цˡβĳ˹ȫǴ˶֮ɣ¾󼴱㱻ⱱҲһԴհ
ˣ
˰֣ƹЦЦ
ⱱǷ⽮ԺڽǵĻȨԺءѱУԼڽǵĵλͻˮǴߣԸոհƲųСӷǰôһ
ҪˣҪ취֮أҲ׵úܣ
˼Ϊ֦ڣϱģð㣡
ףƽ϶أ
Ҳ⼸첻ӰƸոʳϻش𣬸͹һ㡣
ʱһɹŨҵľƮƽɱһ̳ƣžöǰǾӣԵøͨٺٺ١Ϸոշ˺ڵľƽѲŷ֣ԭ֮أҲþưѩ㻬͸ĻδйζҲ̫࣬ϷҲҵʮ̳ѣ
ʮ̳ñ˳̫ࣿߺߣƷӣ
мƲƲ죬Ʋͷػӻ֣üƽɣةǻص۶ܷͣ׼̰ɣ
ʲôھͻȥⱱ֮صĺܶƣϷûءҪ߰ɣƷ죡
ץʱ䣬˴£
üͷ壬ݺݵһۣһ䣬һ־ʹЩȻȲ뿪ˣ߰ɣϾƹߣ
ؼ
˵ıӰ˻֣ƽ¶ӰЦݣֱ˶Ӱ΢ݲźȻһ࣬üΪȳˣϷҪ
ͬʱݺأҲͬʱӵ˰ﾭγĴѶϹٷƵ֪ҪҲ˷ܵؼǵ۶ȥʮ񣬰ͻϮݵĹȫߺ󣬸ƽһ֪«ʲôҩ
Կ϶죬ǵ۶󣬾ͱȻʱˣ
һ棬ҺȵķѩУһͷϰŰײӣһźıϣǰһڵĳչҫ£Եùаȡ


1156 ͻ
ˣ
һռ䲨ͣţ׿ϵҲӿӿ˳ǲһĴŰߣ겻·ʲôŰڴһ
ֻ׿֮ƽһ˿ơƽȴйѹֵƣ̲У·һѹйǾǻɽŷرѣ֮

Ȼ׿һŭ񷣬գһΡΡĶţɫԾ֮ӿ·ҽڣһУֻգ֮䣬գ񷣬
һƬգȫΪһƬڣֲָ
⣬׿Ԫ֮ħռ䣡
⻹ֻ꣬׿ٴһ𣬵˷ǺڰռУ֪Σͻأðڵľצ֮䣬ÿһΰβÿһ𵴣˷
·٣˼ĳͷҪƵġ
⣬׿˫ڹԪʱ䣬ս죡
ǿ޻꣬꣬ħռڣʱ޳Լ֮֮档κζһ֮ڣͻᱻ˺Ƭû˿ܿռԡǽһȴȫͬն
նǿˣƴ㻹ܶ𣿵׿ħѨȴһĽϣȻӲᲢˡ
ǣ𣿵Ȼǣ
Խ׿ԭҲ˽Ǻ

һħ׿ڵԼαٶǿʱ˷ܵһȻһ˲棬ֱȥ
Ҳһ̣ҲŨûĺֱֱħӿȥڿĺҲ鳲һ㣬ħȥ
ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬еħ󣬱ɵģ޽ֻһɹɿֲϢȴ磬ֹסز

ٴŭһ׿Ҳһһɽֱ񷣬һֺֻݺץסǽ
䣡
չǿһϢ֮䣬ΧǽϵĺȻȫըƻȳһ˷ɢɹǿĺɫҲ̲Уŵܼȣ֮ȫǽռ䣬ҲſѺۣҪĸо
ֻ׿ħģ·ޣѵأΧһУȫڰɣ޾Ľ֮£ɢޣ

һƽ紵ٴ¶ĵ⡣׿־ħ£ȴҲҲһı㡣
Ϊոһ£Ѿȫɱм˴󺣡
Ҫ֪ЩνǷ캣֮ɣ겻ܽҲ콣֮ڣ޾ɫĽ£ȴǱնѳв࣬治Եơ
ʱ׿ȻԽ˲ܽǰǰ
СӣҪ
ͨ
Ȼһһֻһֻľ޴Դ͵ԺӾټӽֽ֮ͣСҪ찡ѾݲˣɣϷʲô߰ĵطˣߣ
΢΢һ̣׿һݣ̾ǰлָȻֽһҲ·
Ϸ򲻹ǰѵ꽣޽ĵ͸¶ѣܷ֣ԼֲϷ򡣶ңϷҲ뿴İѽܺһֽǷҲϣֻʵѣҪ㣬鰡
ȻһЦ׿Ȼͷãףֻڴ޽дţ뿪²ٻˣǰأ
ţҪ߰
һ˿ᣬܿ캣㳤ԴǰǸˣ㲻ƴҲȥСﰡ١ҪǸû
ɫһ࣬׿΢΢ͷ²Щء
ۼֻеۼֲ۳ɹӵͬ٣𡣲ܵ˭ڵģڵϣҲûʲôᡣ
䱾ı˷ˣһᱻ죬ԲΪ˵ˣ
뵽׿ٴιһݣɫһ£ǰˣǣ
䣬׿ȻͷҲص뿪ֻºǽʧıӰһƬ磺СˣͻȻоİҪҸ㣿ǣ֮£˭СȤأ÷
ˣ
ռ䲨׿ӺǰǹվӰǹͨȸˡ׿˲һϲȸæϲףͻƹԪɹ
ףڸһأʵǹԪǰԻ󣬹ͨ
һԼ׿ĳԪأ
أһͻأ
ûʲôΪ򽣵ΪΪһֱûôͻƹκѡңлн֮ЧֻΪ˵е٣
γ̾׿ܾãϹʮһֱ׷ѰĴԶڱԴ֮Ȿģȴ֮ʣ
ˣЩ߸ϵĴһֱ׷Ѱ߹Ȼƽ֮г֣
Ҳƽ
ȸĵ٩׿Ҳһֻ̾еߵ̫Զǰ·ֻԽԽԶˣ
ԣãȻ׿ԼҲʣֻһָоҪֻ֤һֱʵȥ
ЩǺ󻰣Ҫģ֮ͨ·
Ǻ׿˶һۣʵƻеÿɻ˳
һ縸ϣ
ãȥǵ۶һˣΪڷһսɣ

һڵĳǰһָ׿һ̣϶޾ս⣡
ħҹħ¶˷
ͬʱǵ۶ڣһͳݵĸ󹦳ѵ룬ľɪһˣǶϹٷǣȻݺͱݣǷ;ƽɶˣղſִ
ѽǸǸˣǺǺǡ
ˡˡ
˱ȭͷ۶;ƽ۶ʹﾭγббؿһۣЦն;ƽɣٰ
Ͼƹҵ˼ҵĺþƣةˣ㶮ãȾƽ˵Ǽ
ƽɺݺݵһۣȻ󺩺ЦЦÿɷ
΢΢ͷﾭγҲ֪Ƣ㲻ٶ룬ֻǿնأε飿
Ϸݲ鵽һ䣬㽫뵽ةĪ֣΢΢ףȻһЦ
üͷһﾭγɵ˭նԳ֣ĽݼǼɣ
ȻǣǼϼһｻ֣Ĺð͸˵׷ʱˣǺǺǡ
ǡüͷ΢壬ﾭγǡ


1157 
žžž
֣¶ЦݡţлһòŮӴһǰﾭγҲһĽѩ
ǰϷϢŻᵢ鼸գةģۺ룬΢΢һЦ
ص˵ͷﾭγϲնǵ۹˴һ󹦰Ľѩ꣬Ȼ䵽һĻĽһĽݼҵĹǣҪˡʱǵ۹Ϳһ򾡣ٳһ
ߣҴҶҲͲ¡ұץˣҲ֪ɣһЦĽѩмƲƲ졣
һ̣ﾭγ¶ȻЦݣĽݹֻڶ㵽ɽ֣ŴˡĻഺɾͿϧ˰ǺǺǡ
ˣټһպ󣬷ĽݼŮĽѩ켫̣֮ҰϢݡĽǲֵĻߺߣǾ͸ĽݴСʬˣȥ
ǣ
ر˱ȭ˪Ľѩ¡ﾭγ΢΢һЦֿڳ˵λй֮»ڴ֮գԸλڷͣԱλΪս֮
лة࣡
ǰһϲϲɫȴ˼ֿ꣬ةˣ֪ҵܷܵ򸾶ˣɷųˣ
ޣ
·㣬ﾭγȻصԴȻһЦأһϬĹâȳˣһ˵ȸ£
ʲô
һѵ´󺧣ಣƿɪϹٷ˲佫סǶȻһҲˡ
ة࣬Ǻ⣿΢𳤷ŭؿ
΢΢ʼ磬ﾭγ¶аЦݣ̾һ⻹Ƿڱץˣһ̰ɣ
ة࣬ǶѾ˳ΪΡ
ǹ˳ˣǸû鰡
üͷ΢΢һﾭγƺܿգ˵ǰﱾݣӦǹҸýͣ˳Ϲ˳һָô죿ɲأָԹ˵Ҳı֮ġ̫鷳ˣԱɴһɱ֮ûˣ߲˳𣿺ǺǺǡ
Ӻݺݶţ𳤷ﾭγԶţ
Զţʵʶٰ̧
ҡҡԴﾭγ̾һȻֿ𳤷ˣ˵ˣСУ͸˵¶ҵͼҲŸ̸ûһʸ̸Сеĳ붼ڱǴͷβûѡȨߣ
һȣϱлһڸ߲뿪ˡֻá֮ڶ쳹ﾭγȴһֱЦţΪ⣺ֻ֮ˣŻáõĻǻҪȭͷʲô
ةӢһ޵
صͷﾭγֿɪұʰûУ
ƿݱ߾һз紵ݶͻû취һʰ
ûϵʰɣɱ㼸ܶҲνֻҪһڸ߲㼴Ϣȥǰͷɢ£ԻͶģ
ھȥţ´ص˵ͷɪ΢΢һЦ
龰˱˴˶һۣһݡ
ﾭγöֶΣǴԷһ·
ںеķ飬ﾭγԶǹŵЦݣ˱˱ȭˣڸλڻʳڰźõľϢպܱ·͡һ£ǧģγжĥɱ¿֮ˣڵ۹ģγһҡʵ˼γ֮ҿɣ
ة˼ȫҵȺգһݣ˹
΢΢ͷﾭγ뿪ҲǸOO@@뿪ǰ֮¡
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պͣ
ߺߣ̫ˡպҽǵ۹һĴӣеĲأ챻
һЦﾭγ뿪

պ󣬵۶㳡ͷܶ۶İգһؿ⼴֮
ΪΣ֮׳ۣ֮࣬ǰ
ǰֻ̣лʵ۰ﾭةﾭγڳѣΣʮ㣬мλݵĹҲϯλϣǲǼͽ
Ǵ̨ϣһɫһȺˣ浹ǸĶСңһЩĴ
ȣưӣ죬׵塣Ϊ̨ǰԼ类ˣ㣬ΧΧۣǺ޵ҧгݣѵ쳤ХƣⱰСˣڣһǴģ
УǴڵһǴģϼһмƲƲ죬аһЦôɪؿǰͷͷ뷢ƮУ߽ӣȴǸӵ⡣
ţȻ̨ϣȴɫƽϲֻ֣뵽ݣһȺȴһָָ㣬ϧ֮ɫ
̻ǰôˣòֲͬĺ󳾣Ҫˡ
Ͳܸ˼
Ȼ󣬾һˣǶߣƲҲһƣҧгݣ·Щ˵Իشӱǿ³ܴ
׿ıʲôСôûܹءҪˣôңѵҪûĵġ
㣬˵ʲô
һԵƺֹԡǺݺݵһۣĵɣ˵ʲôߣ
һͣƺʱɵˣһЦá
У㣬۶Ҫһ˹ȪˣͲܸһܰĻ˵ܿҲûʲôˡ
ҡҡԴƺ̾㣬֪Ϊ룬ǰﾭγˣôأȫѣԸ˼°ɣ
İɣѾͷ£ϽôŰﾭγСӣϽšˣݺҡҡͷѻߣȴȥ
ƺøã˼ȴǲҡҡԴ
ǲǱɵˣ
̾һƺֿһԵ¶¶һǹȪɺ£
ߣҲ£΢΢һЦ¶ɫȻ
ԴƺҲȻһЦޱϲ޾壬ֻۺҸ
׿һﾭγаЦһԴʱ䵽ˣ̰ɣ
£̨Χ󷨴ʦѸٽᶯӡˣ龪ҲڲϵŰתɢ˼ΪֲϢ
龰ƺϹٷƵһ󼤶Ϊ֮󣬾Ҫ۹ͣǾҪ࣬Ϊһˡ
ֻеˣƤ΢꣬ͷ׹էֿ֣Զյգüͷ΢壬֪ʲô


1158 ҹϮ¶
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켫̣֮Ϊǵ۹ߴֶΣ裬㳡ĲõʮʽУŽ֮ڰ콣ʱĵؽ似նգ
ʮλ󷨴Һӡܾ۾ɻ׽֮ѣݲء֮ˣ˵꣬գ۱ޣ֮أ
Ϊ̷Ե̣ޱߣ˿ɵԲűɵ۹ߴ̣شҪÿÿδ̣ʵۺة䶼ڳʾھ֮ġ
ھ٣˼䣬ȻҪĤݣ
켫̣֮Ͻ٣ǼһӰأ
쳹ص̶̳һɹҲڲϴܶһ𣬽γһ֧ӿĿֲâ
Ľѩ쿴һǴĿǿ⣬̾ҡҡԴʧЦһһˣΪʲôӦ£֪׵ġ
ЩΧ۵ĵ۶ǣҲһ淺죬͸¶ż˷ܣȴּΪ𺳵⡣켫֮̿ǺѿϾôصҪܵ۹ӣԴأ
һǧǰģºܶǵһ̷ģڻŵĶûˡҲͼһζѣֱǴͳĺ̷֮Ҳٳ֣ǧ겻ҲΪ
һΣǰǰ̻ǴΡڣٿ٣ǻֹס˷֮飬ĳȡ׳۳棬ǲܿΣѪڰе˸ǵһμѼز
ۿ·ǳԵȻЦ۵Ǳ֮ɫ
Ҫķкܶ࣬ƫƫŪôƣǸ˭ģǸǿһȺ֮ͽɱӺǼǺǵ׽ͷγУǡʲôɸ˵ģߺߣ
˫ȻٿǣֻһȻڵȴţȴеİҹϮ߾ǵȴ׽һɲǣʹ˽ѡ
ģȻȫˣԹ޻ڣûźˡ
ûźºܶȴĲʣͷâľ߳λҪˡ
ǰǰǿһֱ˼ҵµһҹâǱؽ䣡
ħʤҹϮɲ񷣬Ψҳ
ħʤҹϮɲ񷣬Ψҳ

һź˺ѷΣ֪ĵΪҪץסһ˿ο塣ħĵӣһǣͷԽԽĵӸźȺУֱƲ񷡣ǹרע⣬˫Ŀ¶˻𣬶ʱΪһɴ̶۶СС䡣
ЩΧۿֵİգҲǲɵһ㶣شסˡֻѰˣ֪ħΪΣǼЩǰź䣬ȴأһвЩã
ǾȻҪþȣҵþȵķģʲôħʤѵ˵ħܴ۹У
⣬ôܣ
̨˶ǲţǿôרע񣬶зĺȣҲЩȾˣ૵ظš
ħʤҹϮɲ񷣬Ψҳ
ħʤҹϮɲ񷣬Ψҳ

΢΢˶ﾭγڸ̨ϣۿ·һĻȻҲЩO@֮ȴȫں
Ҫľħǰһ򾡡ˣħײȻ׵۹۷磬˿ɵеĵĻ˽еԽףҹħԽȵס
һûкˣʵǿܸȣߺߺߡ
ȸݷ²һħӣ˰غȣҲҡԴϣ
а˰ɣӶϴɵˡ⽣Ǹأʮפ֮ʲôʵô
˫ȭѵ֣겻ܽõӣɵˣðΣǣˣߣ
ƺЩˣҲҡͷţЩ̫ˣϲںЩСඵأǰҹħôǣ
ƺ㲻ǣҲǵģ
һ㶣ƺת׿ȥȴһԵѣݺݶţɢżᶨĹâⲻʱãˣϽ㣬㡭ôô϶ѵʶʲôҹħ
ֹʶҲʶǡ
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ǣ˵꣬һǶȻը񷡣֮ϣɶߵ׽ȻͣЯ޿ƥеǿƣʱ·
ȫһǼǧǰģҲǳ˿ɵаһ£̨ϵˣһҴ档
һСѾˡ
䣡
ǿƣطӿٱƽĿֲѹѹϣҲѹʱ򣬻û˳ȵĻ֤ѾˡϾõľԮʱ䣬׽γ֮ǰڡûˣ
оԼ˰㣬ħǼᶨ˻ȥʱ֮ء
ǸˣĲ𣿡ѿ׽ѸµĿֲƣŵһУ
ƺɫƽһԵӣ΢΢һЦһ·ɣ
ãȻص˵ͷ¶Ц⣬Ҳǽ
ţ򸾻Ŀȴ١
ﾭγ˿αǻ֮ɫҹħˣǺǺǡ
һУƺѳ䶨޻֮
ؽףħƣ
ȻڴʱһȻȴǺĴڳ˵Ķ䣬Եôѣмһˡ

ţ޼ʵУһӰɵͻȻ֣ȻѸֻգ֮䣬ʮɴСǸڵӰ
׽۵һҲǺݺֻӰϣһ춯ֲƶʱɢȥȴҲ޷ƶֺ·˵ʱסˣ
ͫ΢΢һﾭγʱֱӣȥ˫ȭɺݺ߬߬
ѵ˵ˣ
İҲһз֮ɫΪ졣
סˣ켫֮̾Ȼסˣôܣһģĵؽ似ôܱô׵ס
˭Ǻηʥ

ȲƮƮ֮شǶڡһɸæתףȴһŰ£˫һײˣ·˾ĿУƮ裬̨ȥǴһ˿аЦݡ
ЦݣһȫסˣΪ֪ģЦǸһִһеĸоĪ⣬ǿޱߣ
׿
̲סһﾭγеľ죬͵վ˫ͫʱ֪𾪻Ǽ
ৣ
ʮλҲǸŷ׷վ𣬿ϤӰг˾ļɵеģ֮࣬޾Ŀϲ
вâ̲ס¶ϲЦݡ
Сӣûţ̫ˡ


1159 
䣡
ͷϿ񱩵ֹסغըŭ׾޽Ҳڲͣ³棬Ҫ·һ飬ɱ
ǣǺɫӰһֱţȴ·һư㣬ȫ֮ϣ·ֺ
׿Ҳż·ԼʮţôɵƮڿУǴ̨ȥ
ûֹΪةﾭγʮǣδĿ¶ѾȫסˡЩǻҲûֹΪǸе۶һ켫֮֮£Ȼ˻ֹȫɵˡ
׿ƴ飬Ǵ͵ĿУôȻƮ̨ϣһ̣Щͷѽ˫۵ȴȥ
Ҳûдţȫѻȸƺһϣš
Сӣʲôʱ̹㣬ǿУҪίȫˣ
ڵŴ޽ƺϤ𣬲Ӷʱһ˲佩ϣȻ󻺻˫̧ӳǴĿ£ȴǹȻţ˼ĺ룬ΥϤݣһůҲǶʱӭͷۿ˲ʪ
ƺڵڶѽεˣ˭뵽ʱ˿̾һӰ㣬ˣ׿׿硭
ʦ
׿ܼң
ţҵҲ׷˫ǰվŵǵɫӰɫϲشгδҶܼ׿ֻˡ
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˵Ŀ񻶣۶㳡ҲطȥȴҲһ
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жɣĽѩǳȻһЦãûʳԣڸˣȻҪϡͿˣ
Ȼ죬ҲȥǻȻЦݣĵˣ
ħҹħˣԣЩħӲɴ󾪣ٿͷǱµ׽Ӽ֡
ûǵǵĵ
ˣˣμ
μ
һ˴ͷЩҲ׷׺ȻţҲŬ׿Դн˷ܹâ
һ£ֲ׿ħƿݵİҹħ
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һۣЩҲؿ׿һָָ㣬׷ײ²ݡܽ켫֮£ôط׷ʲôﰡ
ʱ䣬ǵĽ·𶼼׿ϣȴûʶǴ̨ǵ۹طĵطʥ쳣ǵͷɻһѻص׽أ
Ƥֹס΢΢˶ﾭγɫĮ̧˫֣žžž
Ҳ죬Щӵһͣ˲ͣ·ռɵؿϷһۣ·ŷӦǵ۶ģΣʵۺة඼濴أǧһǣԼźá
̨ҲǶʱͣɫءȻ׿ˣܷǰȻߣɻ˵ءϾǽصأʮô׾ˣ
ھ͸ˣȴ̫˵㡭
ض׿ţﾭγ΢΢һЦȻ׿ǺþòˣһΪˣϧ˼꣬û뵽Ȼֳˣʵ̫ñˡһ£ֿһϸˣǺǺǡ
һ£ɵһ˵Ȱͷһ¡ȻԴһѽʵҲСĸͨͨģǺǺǡ
ǻһаЦݣ׿ЦһұۣȻصУݺһץȭ
䣡
ǵɫľ޴ӰҲݺһգѣ޽Ȼһըǵ㣬ɢܡǿƣʱɨ˷Щʦܵʽ壬ɵ۵Ѫæȥɫ˲ɷףжǾ֮ɫ۶ֵİǣҲǱӿһѹϢһͣºȻ׿Ŀ⣬ǿ־塣
֮ڰµ켫̣֮ô׾ͱˣôܣ
ֹͫסʮλˣҲºȻɫǳһƻ켫׽ǽҲ
СӵĹˡ
֣·һ΢С°㣬׿ٳﾭγһЦȻةˣʲô
ƣ
һݣﾭγɫܿʧЦһֵǺǺǡ׿˫ȫγȲˣʱȥ׿ų֣ҲŤתǬ˰ɣ
Ŷô֪
ⲻڵô׿չص⼸գѾ֣ˡ˸ﾭγһЦһͳӲ㣬ɽ裬Щʲôأȴܹս𣬾͸һһ˴ҵ۶ģͶٺٺ١
ԣҲֹסҡͷ̾Ϣ
ǰǰǻܱݣݽеݽʧսãƾһ֮ܵеùݱ۷أ
ֻǶԿս͸òڽ׿һˣܡ
е˶ʧҡԴ׿жǰһƬڰֻˣһЩžį̬֮
׿Ҳ¶һЦݣةˣ˵ĺܶԣƾһ֮ûӺսãܺӴĵ۹Կֻô֪ޱأ
ô
¿һ£ﾭγһĺ׿ҲǺɣħݵȫγѲ׿طܹγвǺǺǡҪ˵Ļ綯ˣõȵڣҾͲţ㶼ûҵ۹һս𣬷ˣ
üͷһ׿ÿɷ񣺡Щ飬ɲ㲻ţҲأ
ʲô˼ͷһﾭγضеĲ
ǻһ˿΢Ц͸ЩظУ׿Ȼ֪Ļة˲ļƻһɣȻһĿȻ
ã׿ָ̣
˫ﾭγ˼꣬΢΢˵ͷǱҪĻֻЦһмһˡΪľıȡ
Ҳֻ׿ֵ֣вУΪӪ·ʥֶģ־ıҪи֪Լ޵Уõ֪
ô׿ҪˣеһжǴӰǴݴսʼġȻʱ۹ʷƽĶңǱĿ⣬ȴûݹ뿪


1160 
бƳ˲һеϸϯ˺󣬰ﾭγЦһ渵ݴսȻԺͽҽʧҲ٣Ǳ׿̻ͬᣬҺԺŻ˲صҲǽͷöֱʱҾ֪ûа꣬۹޲ǧٿףԾ͸ݸ߲Щɵ϶˸ЭҲҪݣݸңǽڲӲȣ
һǵ۹˽ЦһЩطǱ֮ɫ֮ƣ⣬һ׳հ
ŭ޵ҧгݣ´ﾭγʵ̫թˡԭǵ̸Уһôûа֪ˣҲð
Ҳ룬ǵıԣڰﾭγأ
ҵս֮Ҳ˽ڲӿѻָǰͰһ㣬ҲܽǰĴսˡһϱڵ۹άȶȻһκԺ𣬵۹Ǳɣñ೸ֳβ֣ȫԸ
ţﾭγ˵Ȼһâָ˲ʱ˱಻ϴδսలڱݵһϸҲܼ򵥣ûƻڽ硣ǺΪһڸ߲㣬رأίΡȨݱ߷Сⲻ뵽ǵз߲ǵˣͼ򵥶ˡشսҲػ̫ʱ䣬ֻҪƻõ˲Ϳµзѣ
һԲ̫εĻﾭγôףͻƱݷߣ±ȫأ
ûλĲ׿Զһ˿ȻЦݣة˾ͿʼѰϸ𣿡
ڸݾصΪϸȻҵ°빦
оâһﾭγһЦָϸϯϵһһսոսս𣬼貹䣬ǸʱѡǱΪã
ȶݣϹ⣬ΪģΪݵһӣϹֵĸסϹֵϹټҵĵλ͸ĸ׵ĵλΣֻϹֱѲĸխȻкޣٺòˡλָߣʹϹٱңĺòϰǺǺǡ
ﾭγЦϹȴǺݺݵһۡ
ʼ磬ﾭγÿɷ񣺡㿴Ҹʲôֲ˵ģǷƽ˵ġʵȷˣһ˺ޣͲܲˣʲôٵǣ˳֮ģôϸλԱĪΪĪΪĸΪɵʱϹٷ۹ټ壬ֻһСѾͷ
Ů˰ݣأҲȻĽǰһ׽ӦǸ׽Ŷԡ棬µһˣʱС壬Ͱ㵱׽ˣҲࡣϹĪСߣһ£ƾԼƿر߾˱Ĳ𣡡
˵ͷ׿һֻĴָ
л׿ܼҿ佱
΢΢һЦﾭγʼ磬ݣĽݼûˣֻмϼһ꣬͸÷չϸֻΨݣЩ鷳˵죬֮£ȴ̫񣬵صúûʮգǲǽӴġֻƣǹ˳ˣ
ҵħʱ׿ѵ
ȻһЦﾭγԴԣ׿ܼŻħǱĸֻ֮طݵصΪж㣬ֻ̫ܽζԸ֮װݿ飬һ򾡣
žžž
֣׿ةȻ˼άܣŲߣ֣֮޷찡
׿ܼҹˣڸˣ棬׿ָܼνأ΢΢һЦﾭγÿɷ
˰֣׿ʧЦة˵ЦˣҶ˵޷ˣܽÿأ
׿ܼҲعǫµһ࣬һֱµһܼңٽһְǧʧоâһﾭγаһЦ
΢̣׿ͷȻˣ׳ˡո˵ˣة˾Ǿ޷죬ݣڳɽˣиɻǡة˲֮ұѾأ޷֣֮Ƿֻ¶ٳأǺǺǡ
ʲô
˫ͫһﾭγпһ£ǰ΢ЦݣҲǻȥһȭԸŴͽ̣
΢΢ף׿ĳةмƻĹؼѡȡݵϸˣЩϸѡأ
üͷֹסһﾭγһһ˫âǡ
ةû⣡ɴ󺧣˼ڰ֣ɫţæ׿Ƕι׿ģ˵˵ǿûѹ۹
ȻЦЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ģ¿ɼҵȻ֪㲻ᱳѣ˵ǡ
ҲûѣȻû˵꣬ϹĪЩҲǸæ֤ףȳͷϵ亹ֱð
ﾭγζԸͽҾ֪ˣֱ顣ֻΪ˼һûģܰ˼ȫˣĺԼЩ˱ﾭγ¼ɣǻкùӳԣ
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ʧЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ񣺡Ҳ˵ǣ˵ةԼ
ңôˣüͷһﾭγĵ
΢΢һЦ׿ҲһƬ֮ɫةˣһʼѡЩϸȻ¶ˣֵΣ
Ƥֹסһﾭγɫأ
Ը꣡
ãֵˣ
΢΢һЦ׿˵ͷɽ׸ıƣһôһӾͱͨΪӵĴ¸Լ־㲻е˵һУСĺܺʹŮ˵ǺȴᵽеĲףһֱϹĪֻֻŬչ޸ϵҿ϶ûУԺҲһУ
Ҫڶһˣġ˵ݸ߲һºұ㻳ڼ顣ֻ֮÷ˮѾкܴȨƣȴǽСĵúܣȫԸһ뵽ϹĪҺȻ֣һ˲߻İɡȻةΪ˱ǣ겻ϵһΣǵȴһޣߵ£͵ˣͬţ
Ƥ΢΢ﾭγţеĲԽԽ
һУѱ˿ֶΣԴ
ƺ룬׿΢΢һЦǶһУҶɫûһչȥô˵ԷӪŶѾˣةǰ÷ݴսӲ𣿲ǳǴս֮˲ŵ㣬һƻ˴һѪǣ˵ҵʵŮһҲǺġҿǡůа
أ
ӲһﾭγƤݺݳ˳飬޵ҧгݡѾҪůУ¾û躮ˡ
Ҳһͷ£ˣǳôû׿ܼʲôˣⲻҪӣôĲ˰


1161 ŤתǬ
׿ܼңʲôǺܸȤ
Ƥݺݲ˲ﾭγ׿ţ൹Ҫ«ʲôҩ
Ȼͷ׿ãҾ˵һ䡣Ȼޱ䣬ʵд棬Ǿة˵Ķƽٸٹ⣬򵥵úܡֻҪսһţǹ˭ˡԡҲȫҰģһ
ʲô
ֹͫסһﾭγʧɫҪҶ롭
˿׿¶аЦݣةˣɻǵðǰĿճǼƣʱǿնգȴǡʵʵ
ճǼƣ
üͷһﾭγٴδ󾪣Ȼ󼱼ЩݵĽǣдѯ֮ɫ
ϹٷȵȥϹټңȥ¥գ֪صܿռ춫ݣֻ˶ܵˣ
ǵ˸ʵںڴɱķѩϺŷ಻ڣЩߵĴˣҲûֶߣʱҲǸŵ
˼Ҳ΢΢ͷĽݼҿһˣֻĽѩ
Ϊʲô˵
ǾûҪӲһЦʼ磺ԾУǷˣҲ֮ô
ԣ֮У
ǣ䣬׿Ҳ΢΢һЦŵǸ֮еǣǽӵϢֻѹʹϣĻһЩ©أǺǺǡЩ©ؼġѵ֪ʲôҰղ紵𣿡
Ȼһﾭγ׿ĵ٩ɫø˫ȭݺ߬ҧء
ǰȴǲмһﶪܵѣʲô˵ģУ

ȻŸ˵꣬һżæŵĴȣǶ쳹۶䣬һﾭγǰһö򣬼ةˣ²ãݴƱ߾һ·ݸͦ߾פشȫûةɱԮ
ʲô
ֹסһ𣬲ֻﾭγϢˣȫˣ
ﾭγǺݺһץӣЪ˹شô£ʲôݲѾΪλͻȻݸأ
⡭촽һɬҲΪѣֻǸǰߵĶ֪
ǣ˵һȼݴ߾ݸأةԮ

·Ժһöͭ죬ﾭγ˲ɵˣҲǾĿɿڴôҲ
ݱ䣬ͻƱ߾ҵ۹ؽة˼Ԯʱһ˴һ
䣬׿ȴǼЦһȤة׼ıԸҵģĻԮرǣԼ취ɣħǺҪҪ
׿
ݺҧҧﾭγݺݶ˫Ŀͨ죺㾿ʲô
΢΢ʼ磬׿ÿɷЦЦǲ˵һǶû˶ߣĻ֮㲻֮ˣҲס
ʲôֻıѣȻͱչȥˣֵǣ
ɪĽף
̲ͫסһﾭγ׿Ǹ֮ˣʱŭΪʲô۹
΢΢һЦĽ׳ة࣬Ҳ㲻֪ҵˣҲȫ켫֮µġǧˣͶǣ֪ǲܽ˴£ѹûҷû밵ҹħ֣Ҫ۹أΪѩܱ൱ְɣ
ʲô
һ𣬰ﾭγ˼ؿˣôָӵöЩǽʿҵ۹أǶҽǾģһζӣҲԼң
΢΢һЦ¶ػȣɪеɲϣǡǸݽǽʿأ
ʲ
һͣﾭγ´󺧣жʱˡ
׿΢΢һЦ͵ة࣬Ҳ˵ǸճǼƣʵʵΪжǽռݣʵϣ˭ռ˭һأ
Ӿ𣬰ﾭγ̲סƺȻʲô
ةˣʵ˵ɣѣΪܼңһֱԿţûжֶ֣ԸݡһǵսŻɢݵıѱҺɪȦУһټˡפݵģֻǻݷεݱؽѣɪڻû֪߾פΪԼˣи߾󷨶ˣݴֲûл֮
ô˵Ҳһͫɺݺﾭγɴ󺧳
΢΢ͷ׿ЦŹɳ²֡ΪһͳͶݷ˾裬߾Ҳ˴Ÿݷ֮
ԣةˣ˵ǿǴ±˰Ȼ׿ԣȴǼڰ֡ô˵ĻԼЩȥݵͷߣ񲻶ͽˣôУ
΢΢һЦ׿ÿɷ񣬿һǵͷȴͷιƣؽˣС˵û
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ǰǴ˱ݣ뿪Ϸд۵һСɽ׼õŷЩȫɱˣһϷ죡
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㡭һȫҲϼһƽɵؼʱȻôĶ֣ǿǧʿ湻ĵģ
ﾭγȴǽӲԴתҧնʱҲ죬Ҳԭɣ
ǰûƽôõͷɻȥСӰĽݹｻϷ˵ͷȻԶɣһôһݴһԼϵʲôˡȻ˵һϾͽҹ磬׷ˣ
ȻصͷΪ
÷ζըˣﾭγݺݶǣһһɨȻĿ⿴ϹٷƽòҲ
ة˱ᣬҸЩ쵰һҲ֪ҶϹټҵĺ⡣֮Уû£˵𡭡

ǣδ䣬һٴһٹǰһֻݴңةɱԮ
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㡭
һָ׿ţﾭγŭ࣬ӲҪˤ
벻̶ʮղĹݵս־ٴηתǬߵִһеĽǵ۹ʱ֮ء
˴תðﾭγةû뵽ġ
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1162 ĶԾ
΢΢һ̣׿ңңŰﾭγӰǽȫ̼ƻгةˣʵħҪչ׳󣬲˷ǲܵģǼʮǰة˷֣ȴΪ֮ҵ̽һ£ҶһڹΪ֪֮Ϊʲô𣿡

Ŀ԰ףﾭγڴڴŴȴ˵һ仰
ܼ򵥣ΪҪƿءֻƿԼбˣ
Цһ׿ĵǲ֪ħĴڣԺܴ󵨵ضñҲٴθԺŻ𣬵ûκáǰͣսҶֻҪﶲһЩݸ߲Ȼֻصޣ״ؾƽңҲǿ˲άֵ۹ȡɶˣʱ޸ǲ꣡
ҹ֪ħĴڣ̽ӽյΪƿȫ֣ʵƿȫֵҡħĴڣںⷢҿ̽ӵĽٶȣֵܿٶȡȻǸǰһô̰ƾ֡

㷸ˣﾭγڰƵĲ£ȫһ˫ŭ۾ǽ׿ţ˵һС
΢΢һЦ׿û㹻鱨ǰ϶֣ұһһطϢ̽ӣһֱǣıӣΪǵؽıʵΪԼȡʱ䣬ǰû׼ã׼ˣұҲ̽Ӧλã˽˸鱨ݣݵ鱨ɲ͸¶ȻճǼƾͱˣǺǺǡ
ΪҪȻңݵΪע𣿡ҧﾭγŭ
ȻһЦ׿һԹȻ¶Цݣ૵ة࣬ҵڡݳ֣ݿӣҪ֮УǲµĽûҲͻȥ̽սΣº׳ߡңħһղһղģѸٽһʱһݵҲױ¶
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ԭˣħôľӪȻΪ֮ƴڻ
Ȼص˵ͷﾭγƤ鶯ظˣҧ׿УķڷͶˣ
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ݣ
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һЦﾭγ¶а컡ȡüͷһɪûа취
Щﾭγ£ȫڰָʾλةҲĻʵֻҪɿڣ߸˾Ͳͣ¡
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ĳЩ˵ĿأɪҲˡ˼жĥĴˡ
Ǻٶԣɪһ̧ţ˲ȥҪŵһ;ƽѳ
ͬǽ֣ȶǺ󶯣Ȼһ

ǿķѹֱĽѩ¶ЦݡֲƣϮ۽ǲʱƳ׿һۣûʲôһɱ
ɲΪɱ˲ɱˣ׿ַ
ﾭγǼһĻƸˡ
꣬첲յĻ쵰׿ëϵɱ
Һã˷ܺͳ֮£ʲôȻһڼˡ
Ѹ͵ɱϮÿ˶һоٽʱ׿￴ȥ˭ֵǣ׿ôվŲʣ²ؼһûаֳֵԸ
龰˶޳ˡ
磬ǣֻװƵİɣ
顭
Ȼ˸ǽѹƽϢǻͷ׿һΰʱһĤ춯ȴǵʱը˶ߡ
ţϹٷƵλˣɫأ̧׿ȥȴߵӰʱǰ
ѩû°ɣ
ĽѩߣվһźۣһƵӡĽѩһһϲ磿
ϹٷۣȻֳˣ۾΢΢һУϹٷƽǰҧгݡ
΢Ϲٷ˱ȭЦƣ겻ɰ÷񣿡
üͷһϹٷ´ȴһƣɽʯ
ϵﾰ콻ңеҪ㣡
ãСĵ㣡
һԸӣһˮͼƣۣһͼ
ʱһۣȴǻһԲյ꣬˵Ҫ˵ҲУøҰɣ
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ұǿ
Сڰ֣겻мƲƲ죬ÿɷ
أ׿ɲվеȴȫסˣΪ⼸ϤӰѾδˡ
ʧĸֽ֣Ǿǳ
ֻЩħӣһۺ󣬶ʱϲɫ˷ܽгħ巨˫ʹڳˣ
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üͷһ˾ƽһۣЦѹϾƹԵ޹Ҳħ쵽һԭĽҵĽ飡
ţϷÿУȻҪˣǺǺǡȻЦЦƽɾ΢΢鶯һ£¶ȻЦݡ
˼ˣҲ΢΢ͷȻƽǽǽڲӪںĽݼҿһֱϵúܡҲһʼӦ뽣ǽУѾΪĽݼҴڻĴˡ
ϾгһգĹݣΪҲɳֱȫĽһ
ߴħ巨˫ʹ˫ಮ٣˵ıѣȴʱڸֲѩϼ˪ʱ·硣
ۼ˾ʵ۰ﾭüͷ壬ƽһʧ˷磬ﾭγγǺã
·ģǿɻûɽˮ֮أ
ƤﾭγҲɫҧأȻ쳤Хŭǽʿҹնɱǣһ
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΢΢˶׿һ̣ÿɷ񡣵һķȺĸֱӿ֮ƣһ̤৵رǴ̨ܣ˱ڣһ˫ҲǶܵĵط
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ðǲֵģ˭˭ˣƫƫĴҡڶ˵۹Χˣ֮ơ챣ӣۿɲ֮갡
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ǰ׿ܼңǵԸڵĺΧ֮ƣηˣԸǣ
һЦﾭγ¶а컡ȣյ۹ݲҪԴҪˡ˵ݴҵ۹裬֮ǰѾɥȪ˰ɣߺߺߡ
ԣ׿΢΢һЦÿɷϹٷǼǽ¶Цݣͷǰ㽣ǽոֻҪǼڣٴһͰɽҲ⡣پӪǧ꣬һǡЩһĽɽҲܸˡʱ˿̣ʤ֮δأϹٷۣ
ƣ˵δ̫ˣܷǵԴɻδ֪֮أмƲƲ죬Ϲٷ۵ȻһЦ
̲סЦһϹٷ漥ʱٽ䣬ҲͰˡⱾ°ܽʲôʸô˵ģ磬ϺͿˣñԴʰɣߺߣ
һ䣬ϹٷƵʱһ̤ϹٷﱼȥལҲϣ
ƣʿյĿ㲻𣿡
һ棬ϹٷҲǴһǰȥĽǽϣ׷׸ԼĶֽ֡
ʱ䣬׹ػʮĹǿƺݺײһ񷶼ǲסֵĻսʱչ

һ죬ϹٷƺϹٷ۶õĶǳ콣ĺâݺݶһ𣬵ʱŷǿơ
Ϲٷǹнǲмû뵽ǣһһǺĴ࣬һʱǲ˼ĿУѿɢһɾҲֱֱţֹס˶ӣˣɫһ죬һ֮ɫ˳
촽ֹסضϹٷŵؿϹٷǵĮݣ૳⡭ôܣҾһУСϹٷƶʤߣû㣬ôᡭ
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΢΢һ̣ϹٷЦȨĻǣᶫ֮λϷǾ콣裬׷츳֮ϣȴȴδ˿չĲ࣬ˣ
Ƥֹסس鶯ϹٷƺݺݵǰӰȴǺ޵ҧгݣнǲԸ֮ɫܣϹٷƸ涼ǿĶ࣬㵱һΪʲôڣȴԽңҲţҲš

Ϲٷ첱Ӵֵŭţһ˲쳹ߡţһӰɫڣѪˤԱߣɫ˲ɷнǾ졣
ôܣĽҵĹôǿôࣿ
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һϹٷٿϹٷȴֻɹŵȻĻȣУϷģϷ츳޶ۣûʲô仯ֻϷľˣԳ콣ĲȻһ⡣֪ǰں估ҪĲǿ䣬ֺܼ
ֹסݺݶţϹٷҧгݣҲһ³Ϊѷ֣мһ˵Ĵ磬֪䣬࡭
Ǻһ浹ģĽԽĴڳ֣ߴȫԵֵˣսƽֵʸûС
ЩȻҲڲ̨ĳ棬еǰ浲ţһʱЩҲ
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ⲻ־棬ͬʱ׿ҲǾ졣ȻٴαǿСйء
γ˫ǽ֣ΪζԷǿôࣿϾҪסˣﾭһУͷǺﾭγˣܶԸǵĳ͸˰
üͷֹסﾭγɫʱը֮۵һĪľ⣬ƺڵʲôƵġ


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һĻ˲ɵˣôħĸֲ棬ôǿ
㣬ʵ㡣Һҵ⣬ʣͷӣֻҵչزѣ
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һ棬һУʵ۰ﾭҲǾĿɿڴ˲ӣͨһ̱˻λϡ
ˣһжˣֶ
ﾭγۿȥ˫ȭ߬ţɼͦվƺڵʲôƵģвûͼ

һ췢ϹٷƵص䵽˼λǽϹٷۺĽҵˣǰؿǣǰΧ
ŷһЦָŰﾰô֪ʲôоӱ𣬰겻˰ɣ۽
Ҫɱɱݶϻһﾰ
΢΢ƲƲ죬ŷЦϹٷǽϹٷ֣صƣ㱳Ѽ壬ϷΪ峤νسʹ
ܿܣûʲô˵ģ΢΢˱ۣϹٷƳʵ߬߬ȭͷŵѪ۵ϣį֮ɫ
ͷϹٷ˱ȭλϹٷƽϷðɣ˵ħ²⣡
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ܽ𣬰졭ϼһȻţ
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ը죬ߵӰ䴩Ѫ˿˿ܸţߵ죬Ľ³һѪɫһףѪ֮Уվˡ


1165 ۷Ծ

һؾҷХ˲԰׵ķ˿ǹ㳡У˲ͣɱ֮Щǽʿͣ˳棬ǵҲͣеĶ
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ܹϷһϸµǿߣڳˡϷ۷սȻǶԵġ

һЦ̲ס죬˵ش׿


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ܽظ֮ԷԼ֮Ƶ׿һٴγڰǰгâһ콣ٴκݺͷȥ
ˣ
һâƳУ˲ͫһݺҧҧæһ̧ڶε¡һΣΪ̫ǽͣø׼˿ûнƫƵ㱻ݺݵѹԼϣλãȫȫ

˲伴ܽѱ˪ĿףȻһȫѿ콣ǿʱķΣֹס۵һ³һѪȻҲ׹䣬¡һݺ˴룬ʱһǿĳڳٽǽʿȫ˲֧飬ϢûжʮҲʮˡ
ﾭγۼֿ죬ٴſڵأŶ˹ȥǣȫ赲ನϮˣҲֹס
һɢƽ׿ڿռ䣬ɫȫʧˡƺܽѾƵģ˵ߣʱ˿̿ƵѾ
˫ֹͫסزţﾭγǰʮľ޿ӣ˫Ŀعڵأôܣڡˣ
Ӯˣ
û춯ָƽ񷣬ɪȳӼֹס
׿콣֮ǿ¼ǲܽҲסɣĻһ˿Ϣһ˿ϵɫʧ
ͬһ㣬ħЩطҲֹסźһ˸߲ҡôҲ뵽òܽҲһ졣
ֻЩͽǽʿǣһͨͨعڵأ˫Ŀ磬ֱġ
ڡôܻܣ
ŲţʵѶâʧ䣬ܵ۹Ų֮˵Ѿȫˣ
Ǻһϲҳŵ˸߲ҵĿ̾׿ȴǽ·ǸӶϸϸ֪Ĭ
ոһǿǶ϶Ҫڰ
̣
Ȼڴʱһըѵ𣬵ɫâĿռУٴֳӰӡ
ͬʱһɱǰǿڳ˶ֹס͵ǿƣʱǵص˷
һϵҲǽĴУ𣺡벻ǵһֻһ̫û˼ˣ׿


1169 
Ӳɵúݺһڳ˺Ϥֿµȫסˡţе˶ӲŲӣתǾ޿ӷƤͣزšֻеǼɵ뾪֣еȴ˷ϣ
ǡû꣡
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ɫ˼䣬նһƬɫҲûһ˿ڰڣֻϣ֮ĿУһɫߴܶε
ʱ䣬ڿе׿ʱ㱻һƬâƣϵ£˷ǣȻȫΧӲȥˣ
ô£
ͫݺһʱ´󺧣һ˲ᵽɤ۶׹֮ܶ󣬽ߣϸܵĺˮⲻ֮ΪʲôΪ綼·Ϲأ
ž
ǣ䣬һɫâ˲ϣըѿʱ㽫ɶʮףɫһ죬ֹס³һѪг˺Ȼã
ˣߵ׾ȻʱǾĪŵľ
⾿ô°ȻϹ֮ˣΪǻԪ֣֮Ҳǿ񷣬ʲôưڣֱо綼ƿһǶķ²ֻҪ˿׾ͻᱻĨ
⣬ʵ̫ˣ
ɪˣԵףͷһ亹ֱðﾭγǴЦһݺһȭ䣬޵СֻҪڣǽǾԶ˥
䣡
䣡

ĻЩǽʿҲһ˼ѪƵģȭͷźн˷֮ɫЩݺħӣȴһɫأһ׹˹ȵס
ǿ֪Ǵʱ˿̣ϹѾֻǿôˣǷ˼ѳǵ֪롣
׿ЩâߴܶʱؾܽƵģһŸոջ˷ܵģֹס
ھϼһС׸ϼһʱ˿Ѳˣǡ
µĴڣ˭֮࿹أ
ţ˲Ծֿ׿ǹ°Ӱбһ˿ϣ֮£࿹⣬ͷģֻħˡ
ֻ׿ֻħûأ
һڳе˶ϣΣǵһħһɰɡ

һʯ𣬰ŵâը죬ܽΰΣǾ޴ĿӶƮȫâһ㡣ȻǰĿȫѣǻһ˿ѪеľâȴǸ䣬ȫҲǸӿ񱩶ɲ⣡
龰ﾭγǸǴϲٴ˻ȣ䣬䡭
׿Щ˶Դ˲ԣӦ֪ɣ
ȫûЩ˵Ŀ񻶣ֻǽ˿ɵĮ׿¶аЦݡ
΢΢ͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡Ԫ֮ϣƿռ֮˵Ԫֻ֣ܿͷϷսĻ⽮㣬ԿһĿռ䡣ÿ䣬ɢһУȡᣬԿ
ȻЩӲ֪ͬܶǲ֪Ķ
ǰһ첻ɴЦһͷ׿֪ôһθϷ˵𣬹Ԫ֮ϵʱϷɵģֱ뺣һսҵɻһ㡣ǣȫͻƣĸܵ˵Ҳ֪ûƭңģʥ鷲ģħɽҲģԣҪȥȲҪȥʶһңͻƺû죬Ҳоҵӱӯ·ҪǿٻϷ뿪һ㣡
ô뿪
ԣһɬзɧ׿ȴһ˼ͻƹԪ󣬹Ȼٴڷˣѹַûгʥǿߴڣ뿪ˡֻ뿪֮ȥΪûǵĴ˵أ
׿˼ȴһЦ˵ϷӦ˳ȻȥǸءϷ򻹼ǵðǰǴԼս˵֪ΣȵȿټϾγϷ˵ϵ۹д䡣ұʦϷ׼һʮһƷףϷΪñǿ롣
û뵽ԸˡϷҲܹʹһսС׵׵˽ˣ
ȻˣոΪβȫԸأ
üͷһ׿ЦһǾԪܽˣ𣿡
΢΢һЦ쵭ͷҲϣ׿Ȼ֪Ӧ֪Ŀ֮һսδ̫۸ˣϷҲսòʹ졣û뵽ȥ㾹ǿزոһϷ֮㲻ҲҪˡϧʮһƷѣϷʵҲƲסٹһʱϷҪǿˡ
˵ţ첻̧׿˿
Ȼ׹֮⣬һΪĿİ׹⣬󣬷·һͨ㣬Ҫ籾ôڵ˴ߡ
㺨սһġϧʱ˿̣ϷûҲûˡΪһֵľ⣬Ϸһ̰ɣ
ţ쳤³һ̧һ֣ռһգ׿ܱЩâ˲䳯ȥʲôԸϷɣ
䣡
û˵׿ֻħݺһӣһɽɫʱһȦЩɹ׽ͨͨΪޣˣˣ仰Ӧ˵Ŷԡǿٻ֮ǰһԴʲôԸҿ԰æɣ
ǺǺǡ׿㻹ǸƢʱ˿̣Ϊ㻹ʤ𣿡Цһ첻ÿɷ񣺡ĽǿȻ˲ϷһëˣΪʱ򣬲ֻƬ񷣬һУϷִƷΧڣû˿ʤҲΪϷݸԭ̫Ȥˣ
ݣ
ǣĻ䣬һƿȴǵʱ𣬳ĽâٴηأֱֱԴȴ׿һȫӳĳ콣
ֻһΣܽȴûôأָֻͷ˴һ档
˵һ˲˼鷢ˣռ侹ȻۿɼŤ׿ǵ콣âʱһתۣƫ˰һ׿⣬ұ߻˹ȥֱֱĿյϣһҵı죬
Ǿվɫƽ޲ĳҵ㡭Ѿ˲һë
ԣһ̾εصԴɫһƬأĲʣϮͷ
ΪʲôΪʲôڳһܽܽµˣϹȴͻƣµĿ
һ£е˶군ˣеļƻҲ֮һ棬ıһУȫһգ
ܽɲܰ
ֻаﾭγˣ淺ϲɫЦݶֵˡȴû˷֣׿ǣĪҲһаĻȡ
ʱ䣬˫İײɫƽ
ҲȫԸˣǺǺǡ


1170 ӡ

һȣ컺̧׿ڷ򣬾һץɢھ⣺ϧҪȥħɽˣϷˡ׿ˣ
¡
ըѣ·ռ䶼ҪƵġ׿Щâȫۼһһֻצ㣬˷˽ͷϽ£ǵصףҲӿȥ˿ûκο϶Ӵܶܡ
һ£׿¾ҪʬΣˡ
˿ΨһϣҲҪ⵽ϹĶ֣׷װ̾ѣҡͷѸֹס׿
ʦ
׿磡
׿ܼң
ˣҲУҧгݣȴûа취
ȸ͹ͨˣΪ׿ŮһĻȴƽĺܡڣ·ѵǸİƵġ
ŷ첻һ֣ǣǸվǾһ㲻𣿡
ʲôҵûȫأʲôվбƳƳͨÿɷ񣺡ʲôʱҵ㾡аٳ޿κκǲվĶĶòżٺٺ١
һ㶣ŷؿһۣЩסˣ⻹ûȫǽֽȫñˡڣֳΪʵһΣôܻа취Ը
ѽ治˽ҵı°
ҡҡԴȸЦһҵ򽣣Ҳ¶ѣѵǰҵ򲻹ƵġҪ֪ҵ߳ɵ۾ϣûǰȫԸ
ۣ
һ㶣ŷ˶һۣٴǰӰȥȴǹȻ֣Χ֮Уû˿ţǻֵײһ㽫ǲ£¶淺ŵ˪˫ֵӡʽڶͷ֮䡣
ҶԷ콣˼£ӡ֮Ҳգ˫۾Ӧòٱ˰ɣǺǺǡ
Цһ׿нᶯӡȻ˫ָ£صԼüС
ˣ
ʱ䣬һĲ׿ͷϵǸӡǣȻɢ˵ɫĹΣض䡣ţ㿪ʼʧ
ӡǵʧ˫ǰƬ˪Ҳڲڻɢ׿ôصţϽⰻȻûаֳֽ
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׿һٴ찧ˣһ̾ҡͷ̾Ϣѡǰ꣬ҲЩįĵԴɢŰ֮ɫ
㲻Ҫԣڿɺã㡭
ŷ쿴ţһ죬Ȼãؿͨˣ·˵ǵĵأˣ
һƵᣬÿɷ֮ɫȴǼˣ
쳤һٿ񷶥ǰɫĹâԽԽҫۣⶴŵҲԽԽ󣬲صԴȻЩȤôħɽƱϷõˡ¿Թȥˣ
ˣھȥħɽ֮ĵ۹ٵôݲ𣿡ȻڴʱһЦȴǶȻ
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һЩ죬ӿֲһɹɺɫףʱըѿЩһ˲ʧ٣ΪޡһϤӰһ˿ǳЦ߳ȴ׿ɡ
ֻʱ˿̣˫ȻͫĵɫĹ⻷˸ͣͫһƬըѣ׷գֻǰͬǣͫԵǶһ㵭ɫĹΣض䣡
ֹͫסһ첻´󾪣ôܣ㻹û
˵ˣԵ㣬ôأһ̣׿ÿɷЦ
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һողż׿¶Цˣֳɫ
ǰԪز࣬Ӧ
ﾭγаЦţ׿ӰӹһΣⳬԽ˵ĳǿʵǰ㻹ܷ˲ɣߺߺߡ
ٴ̧һֻоâ˸˸׿Ǹ򣬱ǺݺһƣȵݺᣬϷ򿴿Ҫƽ⣡
ಡ
䣬񷣬ըѣǵصɫǺݺ׿ϮȥһΣϴСΧ׽ͬѪΧ⣬ǿǵص׽飬·Ҫ׿ɸһ׿ӿȥܽǺݺݶӰʲôֶγ֡
ֵǣӿĽɱ׿վţȴһ
ৣ
ģ׿һ˸ʱʧӰЩǧУȴǵʱ˸ա
أֹͫסһ´󾪡
ݣ
ʱƿһҵ磬വ𣬼Ϯǰ
ɴһӦ콣ǰݺһ

һ죬âէ֣ǹϤĿֲٴϮͷ˫һʱ۵һݺݻ˳ȥĿѪӿͣǰȥ֪ʱ׿ȻոǰλãұͫУһɫĹ⻷һţ
ôܣƬռ䶼ҿƣʲôʱߵģô֪
ƿգ
ûлش⣬׿ֻһЦݣ֮ͫУɫĹ⻷ԣͫУɫ׶ʱ
ಣ
һ֧֮һɫ׿˫ͫݺȥٶ֮죬˼գۼΪʵߣ׿ͫҲԿֲš
ʱ˿̣ǰĸոͻĸ֣ƿյٶȣһֻ֮СûӦǿֲǰˡ
Ȼһ첻Ҵ⣬æָͨһ棬ǰĿռһŤҪϴһиƫ뷽
һΣӲˣ

ȫûбŤĿռţɫֱֱռ䣬ͣ͵򲻰ܽ˹ȥҪ֪ǿͫڶصƿհռ֮ĿǣܿռŤӰأȻȡ֣
ףʲôվ
Σܽ𼴱ͨĿռ񼼣Ҳ޴ʹС͵죬ֻˣ
Ͼͫ۾ڿռ֮оϣȵʥһֵģ¾޽аɡ


1171 ȫ
Ƥ͵һۼ棬ŵ´󺧡ôҲ뵽ǳԽ˼ʶͨȻ׿СǰʧЧ
Ҳ˲йؼżæ£æ̧ܵ콣ǰһ

һϾ췢ܽ˫һ˲ͱǿĳȻ˳ȥͣǧ֮ңմȾĺɫ棬ȼգǳֽ˫֣Ҳֹסһֱš
ԶаЦݣٴ¶ɫһαǰҪصĶࡣϾڣͨĳ붼ʹˣȴûռơͱпܰܣֻǹԪȴзƽͨģعϣ
·˿һУҲѾȫɵˣǰﾭγˣǾĿɿڴôţȻ۷ڣһ¥󣬻ᱻ˲Ƶ˵ز
׿ηʥ
ҹϮ䡭ҹϮ䡭
ʱħӵУ֪˭ؿⷬս૳Ҳǰһƺ뵽˴½֧ҥ鲻ԽظźҹϮ䡭ҹϮ䡭
һʮʮ٣ֻգ۹̨ϵˣźнǼ˷֮ɫ
ħҹħܵ۹սˣ

ľ޺ʱڳ˶ߡﾭγˣһɫ޵ҧгݡЩǵĽǣһĿ࿴˶ҡ
ڻܣǻ꣬ǡ
ˣ
Ȼеɻδ𣬵һռ䲨𣬰ﾭγﾭнǵļߣĳһεĿռȫ档
֮ϵĲܽ𣬿˿ȼյĺɫ棬вЩɵֱܿս⣬͵һ˦۰򣬾ͽЩȫɢ
ǿƶ÷ų֮䣬䣬ʼĪؾһɿֲĻϢʱÿһطһһݣֹסزή·ĩտҪٽƵġ
ͫأռϣ
ƺȻ֪Ҫʲôˣ׿ͫɫĹ⻷ৡһռ𶯣÷Сӵȼд̨ϵһ˵ȵ⣬ˢˢسߵν磬·߸ӣǺݺƵģ
ţ׿̧ḧħÿһ罣ϻɫףҲ˳ƣʱħ֮ϣħϢһǣԿֲƣ
ৣ
һ˦ֱָǰӰ׿ɹа죬ȴսܣȫҲ˲ᵽ۷ڣ


Ǻݺݳ鶯һ£нǽǣǲϲĿռ䣬ңңһ°ﾭγʹ̨һ˵ȵĴʱʲôһ񣬶޳ˡ
磬ǶλҪŴ˰ǰȫҪﶼˡǡǡأ
ǾССϺһȺνǲǣ̫۸˰ɡ
У˼Ұҹħ۵ˣôҲˣôҲһͷ
뵽˵϶ǿɬζһۺ󣬱һ飬ǲԼͬɢӡ
ܰ
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ǣһȣϵ£˷һȫǵصըףֲѹ˲ȫһɻҽЩʣĽǽʿǣգۼϰǧʧǰûһ䰧£ͻҷˡ
ܽһ콣ݺ׿һն·𶼳Уڰ㣬ĽһԶ׿ȥûпռ֮Ļһ¼ǽ֣Ҫ̼ɻҽˡ
龰Щڵ˶ʧɫ
ֵĻȫʵֲ̫ˣΪУڸΪˡϾռڣһжǱٿأе˭Υ
ѹ˿ǰý罫ûûĻǿ̼͸һҷˣ
ŽЩ²һգۼһʧ飬е˲ͷ亹һڴԼҪû
ţһĵؿ׿һ磬˷ǵˣ޴ӵҪԣ
ɲڵսΧܽй֮
մ׿ȴ΢΢һЦ˿Ϊ⡣綼ģΨһĶأΧ֮ڣ
һ׿֮ͫĵɫĹ⻷ͫеףҲǷӿ
ͫأ׿𣡡
䣡
׿Ϊģһ֮ڣռ䲻Ͼɫ׶ʱ䣬һƬ׿Լĺɫ
Ȼ޷Լռ䣬һĶֵڣħƣ̤һ
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ǿɫ׽׿ȥһǺɫ۹ȫǸӿֲ𣬸һһ
˫ֹͫסһȺûаãһתȫݺǰһѡ˵ͻֱȡн֮
ৣ
ɫĽٴλ񷣬ϵӳ֣ʱΪɾ޽ݺ׿ǺɫȥҪ޷̤ĵƵġ
ӲӲ׿ĳ콣Ҳǳصġ
ǺұҲǹâʢκ֣һת֮ͬݺǰȥ
ಣ
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âཻ춯ȴƴ˸൱׷ըѡֲѹʱأ׺ͺҲ㣬ɢ䣬ʱⱾͱٳ˷ĵؽ磬ٴλΪҷ֮
Щڣע۷սҪǣһʱҲȫˡǻصĳʵǿˣһҲֹסһ
ãһ
ħս
е£׿һ̤ٴζˡħݺȥ׿ɲ䣬ѲΪģɢǻһһﳤĺ֮䣬ɷ֣һȣɱȥ
ռ䶼ƿأϵ׶ȥëã
ɫͻң׽ϣΪޣǧҲȡϽ׼
²ɴ󺧣ۼ׿֮ƣɫӳء
ʱźȻ֣ȡȫ£еﶼȡᣬΨ׿ˣҲܺ޼ɣʵǹеĹµһħͷȫ޷ƵĴڰ
ǺһҧһǷ˿ƴΧĿռ䣬͵һеۼһ


1172 ̤۷
̣
ռ֮ѹع飬̧һָеױ֮ۼֻգ֮䣬µɫâ·ȼݵ־㣬ȫ۵ߣɢֲơ
һУЩɫâǵʱγһֻľ񣬰ִ񽣣֮ңôܼľۼҲǾ·һִĿհ㣬յ񷶼һƬ磬ε

һ죬ըѵգ׿еĽУٴνһֻһΣǲֻƾȴǿ
׿ĿͫףսࡣǰʵȫԿռѹͨ۳׾ȴǵʱʵʮֹ
˵ǰ׿ѹƲֵܽĻôڣܽ˹Ŀռ䣬ǽһ㣬ӵȴ׿Ӧˣ
ಣ
һ׿һ֮£ʱ׺ɳ֮⣬ܽӣҲǸһء
˸ոͣΣһκݺһ̤ٴԷȥеĽâϬ͡
Ǻ첻ϣ֮ϣһһֻ׾񣬲ͣײһһһϣһ£ʱ䣬˱ǽսʮأѣ綼Ϊ֮ѡ
˿ţҲһ󾪲Ī
˵ս㶯ָͷǧֻҷ𣬶˽սನɽ֮ơ
ȻѲеˣ硭Ȼݲˣ
ˣƴҪиʤ
ڣһľ֮һӰʱӾ֮¡һҳʮĴ󶴡
һһȴ׿ɡ
²һ浣ģﾭγǰһϲüң

һʯ춯׿Ƕվ̲ס³һѪ󣬱˼ɫЩƣ

һֻɫ񻺻գͷܽף·ǱǿУҲǴڴڴŴȴЦ⣬׿ˣĳ콣ǿϾǹԪԪǿϣôܱȵϷأϷ򵥱սƴʧ㣡
ߺߣô㲻Ҳһ
бƳƳ׿мЦǿƿռ֮ûдǿǿȵĿܡϼһÿռ֮һҪĵԪٶȣ±ҪٵöࡣңôܼǿϣϼһܳܶãҲѾ˰ɣ
һЦ첻ÿɷȻЩҡڣʱһ·ͷѵ춯ս⣬ֱֱӵܵ𣿷Ϸͦסˣôܵľ㣡
˵ţܽ˿ͷְ׻λεĹΣ¶˼Цݡ
Ƚ㣬Ϸȥˣ
һЦ컺񽣣ս⣬Ҫͷ£˽ǿ֡
һ󾪣һҲؽ
ʱ׿ȴǵʱ¶һ˿ЦݣĳˣҪȥ㻹˵㣬ǺǺǡ

һȣ׿ýħݺһ塣
ʱ䣬һɺɫˮ㣬ӿȵɢȥ˲ͽƬ滯ΪһƬڰ֮
ţŭУ˷Ǻڰĵ棬纣һ㶶һɫľ͵ױݺ񷱼ӿȥգ֮䣬㽫ֻû˽ȥ˲ϢӰϵ£ƬҲǺȻһڰؽ磬ֲָ
аЦݣ׿оâ˸˸ĵܽ治ӦýƬռ֮һ㡣Ҫ֪ҿ꣬ʧȥĿռ䣬˲õСҵ֮Уܷʲô

һ˻಻ǧźɫ棬ڵУͣ˺ҧףҲ޾ĥ֮£ɢ
ԴˣȴǲÿɷһЦֻһѣϷΣ
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Ȼʱһ̶ʱ𣬲ܽûӦô£һӰ৵һ˲ǰӹ

һͣܽʱܶˣ׿һԼ£ȴ֪ʱԼǾۼСϾǳһͨͨһ·죬չϣһ˹ȥ
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üͷֹסһ£컺תԴȥȴ׿ǵĮݣкɫĳ棬ʲôˡ
˿ܽץ΢΢˽̧׿˿ϷǰɫĹΣƺЩʡܿɫһҧҧһ˦֣е콣ȥ׿Ӯˣȥħɽ㡣Ϸ콣һ̤۷ɣǧûѽ
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ᣬϴϢֱʧ֮ǰ˸ɵ˰ɣ
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ӺݺݵһãʱһΪаЦз


1173 
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˵һռ𶯣ﾭγӺݺݲ˲̱磬Ͳ֮ɫ
ལǵ۹سǣԴ˾Ҳһͣ˲̱ʵ۰ﾭһͻ˹ȥ
ǵ۹Ķڲܽ𣬰죬ȻôˣңΪ۷ǱԷһնɱ
⡭ôܣ
е˶ŵҡԴʵͰǰȻܽʬȻճ˻ҽǧ꣬粽񽣣ȴе䵽׿
һУģ
ر˫ﾭγֱƤϣֹסᣬЩָǹڵأض㡣ֻϹٷƣؿһУƤֱ顣
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һʱ䣬Ϲٷ°ޣһֻȭͷҲֹס߬
һϲҳ䣬ﰧһƬЩ̷ȴһ˸߲ңڲѡ
Ϲڼˣ
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أĽ׵۽ǣҲ¶˼ˮ鲻ѡ
ѪóԸˣҲڽǵţǧʱˣ
еˣԼķΧУеףеڿֻ׿ǰ콣ؿһۺĬĬؽյ˽ָ
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һռ䲨ħһƺʲô׿һۣ΢΢һЦ֪˼ʲô¶ȵº˵ģȻȥɣ

һħҡҡӣವһ£ص׿ڡ
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Ҳ΢΢ͷ̾ǰ׿һ˶ݷȷûʲôԹֻĿһ£ͬԵжѡ׿ʲô㣬ǰ˵һֽǾǣһ°빦αطҪ֮أ
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С㡭
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ڰֱ֣ؿһۣ΢΢һЦ˵Ҳ㣬Ҳңǻһ˶԰ɡôɣ׿ܼңλӣһֱΪšҪʲôһȥҪǹҲһǻһֱңֻҪ㲻ǣ
һҲתԴؿ׿нǳֿ֮ɫ
һů׿˼Ц΢΢ͷãԸҡҴܼ׿ˣ

һУ뻶ϲɫ漤ⷬ׿ȻЦ⣬۵ȴŵˡ
ؾۼദӣ²ôˡϾ֮ͨ·Ҫˣ
ס֣ǱʲôԹ
Ȼʱһȴ׿üͷ΢壬֮ȴһȻͷűŽŲȥ


1174 ܿ

һ죬һӺݺһŽһߵڵأЦߺߣǲһĽְô
ס֣ǶѾͶˣǻҪʲôһŭ𣬰ݺݶǲţҧгݡ
һЦһа죬ʮḡʲôƽݽǺţڲܽˣٵֿȥʲôãͶΨһ·ʵ㣬ȻĻ
ȻΣ
žһһֻצǺݺץס󣬷Įһ죬ŤͷһҪȴǺϢһͣɫɷףʱè㣬ֱԴ׿Ԫ˧ѾЩ²ץסˣƾã
Ҳüͷһ˼ҹӣвЩ硣
һЦ׿ǻа컡ȣôҲ֪Щҵķ²֪ģΪץءݽץô°
Ҳң׿Ԫ˧ݴԪ˧ǰˣǶΪµģ
ߺߣһûʵдʣûΪҰ£ݱˣҰˣߣ
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Ǿһȥ£ڶ뿴ǿ磬ȥʶһҲο˼֮ˣ𣿺ǺǺǡ
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бƳƳײÿɷҡҡԴ
һ棬һ𣬰ﾭγͰﾭˣһڵشЩϸǱñףϡ
һУƺüͷ΢Щ̣ô˵Ƕة²裿
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ǰ˺ԴңҺԴˡҿɱ
΢΢һЦ׿˵ͷǼ˵㣡
һԣƺʱһϲǰȥ׿ȻҡҡͷһԵ˰ɣ㿴ħ֮֡ʱ˿̣־˭˭ħأĽݹ


1175 Ƶٻ
ߺߺߡǽǸ߸ϵĻʵۺͲһةడţţƣڻǱҲڽ£
벻гһգЩҲб˿Űʱ򣬹

飡
һȭߵ˷ϣﾭγ˽ҧأһֻǿܣֻж߻صĽȴԽԽ룬ֱᷳƺǰֹǲһԴɢȥˣǹŵ˿ĻȣȴС˵־ӡ
ۿһУĽѩҡͷϳʧ䣺벻ЩƽòȻ֮ͷ䱣˿ûеһƣԴȴֱ䱾ǰﾭγΪͷĻϲ֮°ɣ
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ƶһ䣬ħͷϣмΰϣѳֵסأǺǺǡ
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ݵķսҲܿռϹټٴζ˶ݵĿȨ
һǳװˣλҲع鱾ˡ׿ȻҲͣЪˣعҡ
ļٵ˼СڼнȴĸǶȻع飬ϲ͵ӭǰȥһȺϼһǣڿĴܼ׿ع飬빪ӭϣׯؾη
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ḧ룬𳤷ʧЦҡҡͷ׿رȭ׿ܼҵ·ԽԽϬˣϷʰ·磡
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׿ȥðɣϾЩ飬ȥһɣԺҲ˼ˡ
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Ƥһ׿һɫ۵˿˿ɡʧƵۣȻҲ֮ⷲأ

ʮɭУһһŮӰһ˸Ƭϡ̧ȥĿһЩӲݵʯڡ
Ƽأ´һۣ׿ʵ
΢΢ͷ˪ЦһƼǨãķ˲٣Цˡϴս̫󣬹ҲصطѰӡ֮󣬱һ̵ֱˣ
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׿׿һۣ˪һЦ֣Գǲбȥ৵һʧӰٴγʱǵʱˤһƬڵĿռڣֲָԼҲ·Լư㣬Ưš
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䣡
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üͷ΢壬׿˼ĵֻǲ֪ǰҪһʲô
Լף
ؿƵ۴һ֮ˣϷ俴˹켣Ҳɲ֪Ĺȥ١ôϷһ֪֪Ϊʲô𣿾Ϊ֪ʲô𣿡
Ƥ΢΢׿˼꣬ƺѾµˣѵ˵ǰһصľ
һʲôֻԼ֪Ϸ򲻹ѣ
û˵ƵкȻһƬ׹˸һƴСĺɫԲ򣬱أóȻһ˦׿Ǳߡ
Ϸ۱֮ƵƷʥͨ硣ϵ£ֻҪܴ㵽κεطҵκҵĶˡҵĶҲָģ


1176 ͨ·
һӣǺɫǰϸϸ쿴ȴ֮У֮سǳķ棬£
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㣬ߵֱݵĸ𣬶ʱ˵һƬֻŽơʥҲǴߴطѨУԴԴϵع˵۶λá

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˫ͫһ׿ʱȻԭˣ콣ȻܻͣƲ񷡣֮ƣȴɢܿؾۣ콣ͬĽ֮ˣһ֮£Ʒ˲٣


1180 촫

΢΢˲콣ƺڻӦ㣬ͬ˵
΢΢һ̣׿аЦһȻˣ콣һ·ϣնɱϾиӿȻұףոҷ𣬹

ǣ׿Ц콣ǵתݺһ£˳Ӷˣ
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콣ȴֲˣ
ؿһۣ׿ĵҰͨˣֻԸƣ

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׿ǼᶨħҲûа취ʱһڹ⣬ڡ
ˣ׿ֻһ콣콣Ҳûйͣϴ׿ӣϮȥ
һ·ϣϣ׿Լ֣콣ֱۣĴ裬â֮£Щ׾ȫķѣɢ٣һûˡ
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䣡
ڣһ죬׿Я콣Ĵ߽ǰ档
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Ĭ콣ûʲôӦ
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Ӱ׺Уͣɢжǿ֮ɫ񽣣ֻϷӵУӣУֻ
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ף׿ܼңΪˣ˶͹ؾˣʱ첻һ㶣г
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ոձѾ׽٣ﵽԪ۷׿ڼ̳콣󣬲ľֱΪ˵˶͹ǾϣΪͻƵڵĲΡ
ֻͻӦе׽ٸյͱ׿һ콣˦˲ɢˣԼ֪
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1181 
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ʮƷ鵤ɢһƷʥֿ࣬˰

һСϣһСǰ̯ϰڷԼĻĿȺӵļشܲ쿴ЩۻҵĻò֡
ӵǰһ߸ߵԯţһңصĴ֣ϲ
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֨
ոջӵС򣬵ʱûϢеˣתͷȺİף˴˶һۣнĪĹâӺǱʲô¶û㣬£ּۻۣԭȵĲƺȫǵƵġ
Щ֣һɻؿ׿һۣ׿ȴֻǵȻһЦʲôҲû˵ӻ֣к˿
мԭôֻ֣֮УȴǲķΧƺ˵񣬶ڲʱɢŵ˵ľâ
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Ѽˣæӻʵ׿ܼһ;ʵڲܸᲢۡΪ˻飬ϽҵصȫġܼôֲǳҪôǿΪʲô˵ǰɣǺǺǡ
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Ѻ׿˶һۺҲ΢΢ͷȻֿ򷽶һݣôͶлܼˡдţ뺣
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С㣬Ժȥ֪ͨҼˣȥȥ
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϶Ծ׹׵֮˭ûｨӰҾ֪ԭȷһδս˻֮أûԴû˵ģ˭Ըﰡ
â׿ⲽ쿴լӵĲ֣ǻȣԸ⵽ģЩµͽǵӪҲԲ࣬ŲϵĶħߣײֵ飡ЩҸݵЦ£ѪܵҲ˵أ
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ߣʲôܣ̽ǿʲôϸ㶯𣿡
Цһ׿һô깵ĵطڸԻ֣ٶܶĶȥ뵱ˣ׽˭ﻹһأߺߣ
΢΢ͷܿĵ׿һҪ˵̶𣿡
Ȼ
һͷ׿ʥѻôױġЩҪֵ㣬ͱʬꡣ⻶ϲҲǸأ֪ǸݣǱȡã


1182 μҼ
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ǰһ·̽ǵĵϸһȺֶ̼ѡ˼һСһ⣬ûʲô˵ģԶ֣
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£һݣģγɫǸСʮǹԪΪֻǸСܼң͹ǾضѣԺԲˣ
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һĹ򣬰ȣŷ˻ʹѵһæǰΰݡ
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ŬԼƽЩΣӯӯһݣμˡոСŮͻˣð뺣
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μ˵Цˣʥ˻ʣ¡ʥһ˻ͳ죬һʥɽϽʣµļ㹷ĵؽ磬ֵһЩʵּȡҲ˼ҿϵĵؽ磬ܲңǾ˼ҲԸ࿴һ۵Ĵڣ
ЦҡҡԴһ̾Ҫ˸ƳæټһͶ¡ϧ⽣ʮǳεһǣﶼӳˡ֮£ֻ顣ЩĴȣɲñ
΢΢ͷҲǳ̾ǰûиǿɽΣذܴһƬǳأͿܱ˴ܣȡ֮˭붯㣬Ҫ࿼ǣһ
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ǻ컡ȣһЦĵ˼ǡûʲôɽҾͷˡȻ⣬ԵĻأǺǺǡ
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۾΢΢꣬׿ķȫȻĹ⾰ʱԭĽ磬深㣬ʵϲڲʬɽǺѣ
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ģһЦܻĿռУһ첨ƻζǸٴγ׿ǰЦѡ
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̲סЦһ漥ڽЦˣ˵ϷˣҲɲϷͷϣŲţѾͷ
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΢΢ͷ׿Цȷ൱ӵˣ֮ǰ෬̫̽ľֱӷŹֻбǳģŻᶯ֡һЩȨƵģȲ˵ûǸˣҲг׹ȴڻ㱻ʶƣ۷ʵҲװ£˿塣˵⣬׬⣬൱ȫİ
Сһﶮң˵ʵãϷʼϲˣЦŵ˵ͷ߲ϷɣϷһΣ
мƲƲ죬׿ûгÿɷ
ȴŭ𣬺ǽ죬Ȼ۷徳ܹΪһˣΪλҪôأ뵽˻֮һ£Ҳװɣܱⰵعðɣ
Ƥݺһҧҧ˫ȭգȴ˿Ρ
ΪѾûлͷ·ˣʥ˻ϧţҲܰһɻµģѵص긲ޣʥ׷ɱ𣿡
Ȼڴʱ׿ȴоâһȳ
̲סݺݶ˶Ҳǲһ׿ţ㡭ʲôˣô֪
ЩҲһ淺Ȼ˴˶һۣš
ɻ󡭡ʲôüͷ壬ȴЩã
ǻ̻ȣ׿ǣٴνҿŶ˰̣ɻһħţͨߵľѸ߹ֻ⾫ߵԹĥͬʱ֮Ҳڣ˥ԣôнƣԹǿ˹͸Ϲһˣ
˵ţ׿һָݣЦ
Ƥһ飬ûֱȴǲһԣ


1183 Ǵ
£ؿѾȵ
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Ϊ˻ȥˣ֮Σգࡣ˶ѭֹʣֱǸȫΪСһΣĸ˻ɵˣҰ£ⲻ˺ʱѲ֮ˣ͸Ǹ棬춡һ
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Ҳüͷһֵ춡
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ٺٺ١СӣոϷ򶼲㱻סˡţݸ壬ϷţһϷͰȫڳԣһϲЦ

еˣһЦ׿ǱѾٿӣҲ˵ôû׵°ɡҪ·˵Լǰ˻ʵҲһа
Ҳһɵͷأ
ԣȴҲ̫ˡ

Ȼ˵ĿЦûֹͣһը˶ߣ˲ͽЦѹȥ
ɻ磬ǰʮֻգ֮䣬ѳޣɫĻ棬ǽһȼա

һͣ·Ѽӱץס˲ӣ˵ЦȻֹȻϵЦɽϣһ˫˫Уȴ֮ɫ
׿ͫУɫףЦȣĳǸ˲ὲЦ˵ͻǡˣ
һ䣬׿һ֣һâֱֱգȻ¡һըһĺɫ

ʱ䣬ǿƶȻԶ˷γ˺Χ֮ƣֲѹҲȻϮ氲꣬С
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ֹͫסݺһߵ󺧣촽ŵһʮʮ꣬ôôϮǾǵ˭ˣ
˿Լ֮µǿƣƽȫ޳ˣҲҪˡ
ʮΧһСǵʽ׸ðЩʲô˰ִ
ֹסҲҲܵߺȳҿӣһһǲǶ֡
ǣĻδ䣬¡һ죬ռǱһƬӣЩзܼңлûһ˲仯Ϊɻңʧˡ
ֹסһ߽ӲԴŤתͷһаЦ׿ŵڿռʣƬռ䡣㡭Ҳ֣
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΢΢һЦ׿̧һ֣˵ͳȽУȥɣ
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䣬ȺȣһɭĻ˲ռ䶸𡣾ԼĿռ֮Թȫɢ
Щһ𣬾ȫǺɫյʣȴûá
龰ͷɵˡ
⾿ʲôԼĹˣôʹƨĶûأ
ϼһĹ֮ϡϧȼϵĲ̫࣬ˣǺǺǡһЦ׿һգߵĺױһ£ȥת۾Ͱ˽ȥ

쳹ϣ˺ѷεʹ࣬յĿŤȴãΪʵش㡭Ǻηʥ
ǧǰԭʥ˻֮ףħ׿һ
оâһ׿ǧҴܼң׿Ҳ㡭ԩ

һ춯صİ쳹ƿգ֪ǲʻǻںޣǾ塣ڵ֮£˲Ϣմһ˿Ҳû¡


1184 

һըգС򱱱ߣż֣һ·ɨƽ춼ƣոܳʱײķѣѪɣգûϢ
ϱߣ˲ʱΪ꽣˷նɱ˿
ĽأһƬ⣬ء
ŷ±ǽһ㣬ĳ·صõˮ©˲һϢ򣬱˲佩Ӳɢһرм
Ǻ㣬һ֮£еȫɱûһ©֮㡣
е˶뵽ӺһƬʬɽѪҲ̶áĽѩһУЩ̣ҵ׿ӰʵЩˡĶµһӦ𣿡

΢΢ʼ磬׿ÿɷ񣬱˵ȥȳɨһ£Ժǵŵˣ

һУ˸߲ңϿʼ֡
Ľѩûпֿдѯ֮ɫ
΢΢һЦ˼ѱ㽫֮ǰһһһ顣ˣȻԭӣҲһƬ֮ذ
ҲӦǾϻжĥһȺСħͷĴħʣͳԱˣ
뵽Ľѩתؿһָۣ˶ֵ׿ǻһ˿ȻЦݡ
ħͷ˵Ķԣֵж󣬶ǶԷҵġ
ţ˰ʵߵͣ㾶פУҸ߲֣Ȼլθˡ
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ͬʱ׿լԺУҲҵ˼Ұ󷨽磬Ƿúܣֳɵʩٶˡڶ˼䣬˸Թλбչȥˡ
ֻΣΪΪԼԸˣ

һڵĵУ׿ֽ󲼺ãԵħˣ˷ܵزһӡ׿ȲطУһλá
οһۣ׿ʧЦҡҡԴ˵Ѫ鰡㱾ұѪӤΪά콣ԣݴġںһ壬ܷƳ˵дδֵĵ۱ҲҵԸ㲻ɵ۱ֽںϣõҲ֡żҰô㿴һأǰİںϣҲûõʲôô

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úúãҾͿʲôʹ˵ǰͷգɵٳһˣζɲܡЦһ׿٩
ħһֱڶƺȻ൱˷Ƶġ
ǻȻȣ׿˵ٴνᶯӡλλһ壬ʥ죬۱߳

һ䣬׿ͫ͵ɢɫ棬ȼգ˲СҲ˵ط˿ռ죬ϲֻգ۹򣬱ȫɫϯħײ£ͣŽ·ھƵġ
ÿܷҽУɱ㰧ɣ
ͬʱ׿ҲóǰȻûн콣̧һӣǴ֮С
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ħ󻯾
оâһ׿һٴγ֣ȫðʱȫ֮ڡ
أأ·ϯɳ̲ɫŨžУһûһͷ˻ȥ˲ͽѽȫ˺ڰ֮СҲȫϼһһɫԲ򣬵㣬ըѲϣ
˿׿עеһз죬Ҳһֱδ˵۱Ĵ˵Ҳû⻹һս˵Ǽ˼ҽֳɵʥںϣҲûʲôգȻЩš
治֪ʥںϺ󣬻ָʲôǻǰһɹֻһµı仯أ
ϾֽںϺ󣬱൱ڽ۵Ľˡ
ڴ
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׿ѪӤ֪ûµĻΪˡ
֣׿벦濴һ뵽һںϵؼʱԼһŪùһô죿
Ǻ׿سǿѹк棬ţֻԽԽ
ֱ֮ǺûӦ׿ЩȲˣ˼꣬뽫ɢȥǺջ
ǾʱͻǸȻҵزڣضڲϲ׿һˤ
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ǰȻʮ֮УûһȻģ۵۾Ŀܡһ˵۾ۼֺĵʸֻϧѪӤѪӤԼɲ˵ѪӤܳɵѪӤĻ
ôܣԼıѪӤ˭ɣҡҡͷ˲ÿɷ
ЦһִٴһӣͷǰãϼһԶǵ۾ֵԭ򡣲ǹȥˣδֵ۾ѳ˵Ǳˡֻǲ֪˭أǸһȺ𣿺ǺǺǡȤȤǳ˲ŰȻԽǼĵطҲԽ漣


1185 ͯ
䣡
ǿҵ𶯣ֱʱſͣ¡
׿֮УûҲž죬ֻǽǺ򲻷ţȴҲҶ³ʲôӣ
Ȼڴʱͻ˻˻˻Ǻɫ壬Ȼڻ׼ʱȴأ¶һİӰʱ׿ֹסһ˫ȭɵþ߬
ţǺǸӰ¶ĲҲԽԽࡣǺȫ׿˫ͫ͵һ״
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Ƥɵúݺţ׿һĻȫˣ
Ѫμˣ
ȻסˣǺȴԵ൱飬͵ǰһǹڵأȭ
üͷ΢΢׿´нɻ֮ɫѪ顭ˣҵıѪӤ
ǰл˴ҽ֮Լ֮һ̣Ǻм֮ɫҲ˻֪ɣʥںϺ󣬵۱лΪ֮ܡԣͿԵһˣⶼ͡£Ī
˵ţǺ׿ͷ
۾΢΢һ£׿ãŻعζ۱ΪΪ飬꣡ԭˣѹһżںϣĳ֮
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ʵˡ飬о鶼ҪΪܹһ䣬Ц˵ϧ֮ΪЩ͵飬һ޵Ƕ磬Գˡҵ˼ʥһںϵ۱Ҳ˳˷ţⶼͣ
£Ǻٴι򵹿ͷϵĸм֮ɫԱ
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˵ﻰӣ죬˾ҵĸ˶ȥ
ƺ׿еΣǺӸæһͦţĵӽеһѽ࣬粽룬ǰûʲôΨһЩ仯ģֻԺܹĽˣ
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ͼˣǲңǲԼ
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ŶѾ˵ˣʲôǸѧãһһġ㱳壬Ҳͱ壬Ҳ㲻ߣҸɵ㣬Ҳ뿪ġȻͬһȥɱӣõҪõĶô򵥣
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˵ţ׿ȥֻһߣһлڲ˼ǰûʲôΥ֮£СѧȫͷˣŽбӦˬ
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Ŷʲôѧͨ˵еľѧ㶼а
ǲܣĿͫףҾûУֻֽҴǶ̳ˣںΪ˵
֣
ǰ

׿һߣһߴԼиǶԵҲãǸԼԤ룬бҪġ
ܿ죬˱һǰһ֮߳У棬ȴв˵ˣҸ߲֡
ǿ׿ŵһСʱȴȫסˡ
ιȥ죬ôŪһԼģ
Цˣʱޣʮ°ɣ
ƨ֢𣿹ؼǣһôޣһܵô󣿲ǻĸİɣ
ܣ׿ܼұչأ˷ţһֻӬɲȥȥһأ

һʱ䣬˸OO@@ͷӶţнɫ׿ˣЦһʵǶʲôʲô𣿡
š׿ܼңոش䣬𶯲ϣʲô£칪һݵ
νذڰ֣׿ÿɷ񣺡ûˣǻȥɣϢȸǻҪ
Ŷ֪ˣ
ص˵ͷȴǲûҪߵĴ㣬һ˫˫۾׷׳˽ͯ
ǵ˼׿Цһܵҵͯ

һ˱˴˶һۣĪ׿ܼңʵ⻤ʵǲˣҲܱ̫ɣһСޡ
ǰϵأʱͨҲһֵ׿ǰмƲƲ졣
飡
ǣ䣬׿ǺݺһԴЦ㻹ʸ˵ˣǰһޣưԣ
һҿ룡̧̧߰Դͨɫ
ž
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ֹסһͨת׿ȥȴһ˫ڵŨī˫ͫǲʱãһаĻ
ҵѽôϵһģһòʧɢ׶Ӱɣ
²һݣͨһ


1186 Ե۱
ְ֣
һѪϴĻϲٴӭ˾ΥֻһΣڣصһƬչС
׺֧˸̯ӣ㿪ʼ˻ߺȽҶԼˣʲôѺʲôûƣֻͼ֡үһ׿ܼߵػͯһ壬ע˰
䣬һȺ˱㶡ƵǰԼŵıȫ˳ӵ˶̨ϡеҩоҩġ
Ǿʱһ죬һĴ̳ݺݵӵϡ
˲룬֪˭ˡ
Ƥֹס飬׺̧ۣƽǾӵݣʧЦǰ˵¸ո˵ˣûƣֻͼ֣עҲһ̳ưɣʲôʮʯְ
ʲôʮʯ֣ĽݼҵĳϷǰ⵽Ľݼ˳ģмСǿô֣ĻһأߣмƲƲ죬ƽֺ
ЦҡҡԴ׺Ҳ޷ãǰϣʮʥʯˣҪѺ˭
ǻ˵׿ܼҵү
һ̣ƽڴôˣ˭֪ͨʵҲ°ʥ򣬴Ҷʵ͸˵ˡǸͯôϷɿүɣ
һ˽΢΢ͷΪͬһȫ֪ϸ˵ѺڹͨϣǱȽϱյġ
ǣڴʱһ죬һѹǶ̨롣ͬʱһȻ֮Ҳ쳹ߣѺǽͯ
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һ㶣ƽؿһֵۣ֪ǽͯʲôʵ𣬾Ѻϣ
аЦһĽ׻ҡҡԴ֪ܱ׿ѡˣʵܲĶȥλү׵ؾʹӦ˼ҵսʵ̫ðʧЩϾ֪֪ˣŰսʤ˼ڰʤ֮ƺ⽣ͯյøһЩ
еΪҳôɪ˼ǾǱܰǰһ˶ʱéٿ׷ְѺڹͨһĳ룬ȫŲ˽ͯ¡
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һ棬һƬӺȽϣ׿ƺȴǾվɽǰֱֱǶǧӣɢս⡣
ƺ׿ɵ׿磬ǽͯηʥСһϳ𣿡
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˵ͷ׿ĳȻСʥͻƵڣͯǰħһı£˵һ˫ʣСӴӦò·磡
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磬СĵɣСǸ彣Ҳ˰һ񽣶ʥޣʤɾ˵˰
ȫ֪ԷݣҲ֪ȸеĵǣͨԷһʮޣҲʥޣҲûأֵһᡣĻߺߣСһһָͷˣʮִֵصСӣô˵ҲԼˣ˳üҲΪ㣬Ҳ²̨͵ҵһӣ
Сӣ㻹Դ󰡣
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һ䣬ͨ͵һ̤Ųˣȭâ͵غݺͯȥȻһȭ˷ִ磬ҳ߷֣֡ˣͨǾˣֳ
үܷͺãηηβһȭһס
ǻһаЦݣͯ˫ָ£һһâָһͨһȭȥ
ৣ
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׿ܼҵ彣ļ̳׿ܼҵĽ谡ֹͫס˶ϹٷҲһ̾
ͷ׿ǹЦݣǰһ壬ϻֽ֮СֻԣƺȻ˵ֽǲ뿴ģ
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ҲǴЦһ˫ĿؿǾսϣڴ֮ɫ
ͬʱ̨Ǳߣв׼ǰֹ֧ͨĳ룬Աˡ׺ɣЩ˸ʲôûеˣ˵֣ڿүˣת׮ˣûôףߣ
ģСүʧһ֣˾ͶСүʧȥˣ̫ˣһسӲУ
Ƥֹסһ飬ͨǳϵĴȣʱһͣɫŭ潣ͯǺݺһ̤ŲǰȥСӣոСүţСүҪˣСĵɣ
˵ţͨ˫ȭһ𣬺ݺռһӡ
䣡
ɽХرѣ𵴲ռķѣڵĿռѷ죬֩㣬ͯӹȥ֮Ҳǻϣڶ
˼ˣ󾪣ռ䶼ˣǿռϵ˱Ҳһᱻ˺ɷ飿
ɲ˰
ǰͨĿ𣬶త𵴲ɡڣȻĹͨȴռ䶼ѡռʲôĵطǿռѣҲһһѡ
׿ܼңҪֳ
һʱ䣬ֿ׿δá
ֻǣ׿ȴɲÿɷ񣬲ЦһˣСֲˣҲ޹أ
һˣ˲ŻȻ
԰񽣽ռ˺ѣ˺


1187 ӡ
գ
ѣһڵͣ͵ͯǰѹȥߣҪǺڰѷƵġ
ͯԴȴ˿Ϊ⣬ǻĪĻȣһ˦һӡ

һ紵飬Щɫѷ켱ٴܶӣأһͣȴǵʱһϢ򣬱ͣ²̵մ˵ı˪
ֹͫסһͨɴ󾪣콣
ǺǺǡ彣˵ĽȻҲڻͨүֿǧ
һЦͯһ̤Ƕˣ˲ͨȥһָӶ죬󺣡ЩողűĿռ䣬𺣵ķ£ǿʼŤںϣЩɫķ϶Ҳֲڶ֮ǵٴδ˵ͯʮ׵ر㴳˹ȥһָݺݴͨţȴžը첻ϡ
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Ѿ˵ˣ彣

һ죬ͨʹȫȭâֱɳ죬ݺݵػ˸ɫâϣ֮ǿĳʮɽ壬ʱһƬΪ촷ۡͨԼҲನ£ͣ˼
ǣǽͯȴǿನ֮Цһ˷һָͨȥ񽣽Ѫ֮ûอ֮ף·֮һ㣬ʥ֮ҲĪɣ콣ڣ

һ𣬽ͯ׷һָױȵĽٴҵ˹ͨǰǴʱ˿̣ͨŸովΣ׼
Ҳûʱˣִ֮£ֻٴᾢǰһȭҳ

һ죬ͨæµһȭȻﲻʮɣ߳ɶԴﵽģֱǽͯ˻ȥ
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ͫݺһΧ˲ɵһ뿴׿׿ܼң񽣻ΪΣҲʵ̫˰ɣû˿Ѱʥ޻Ҫǿǣֱݣ
ؿսһۣ׿Ҳ΢΢ͷ૳ǰҲû뵽СôͻᱻǽͯѹƣѹһΪΣ͸лҴ֮ȷΪ壬ʵ̫ˣ治֪ʲô취Сӵġ
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ˣҲǽɫʼͯʵ̫£δǺ£һأ
˵Լ׿彣彣һжԸ£ûԼ⣬ڣСȻ
׿ܼңǸɪģһ޶ضţ޳ת׿׿ָֻǡ·ʱôǿ϶ġ
һ׿΢΢ͷûңֻʱſ޾ôȥĻǵڶң·ӣҪ˹ܹܲǣ
׿ܼӢ΢һͷ޳һЦ׿ǿսԽԽ䡣
һ棬Ӷܴ죬ͨԹȻŭһȫâţһӰʱǰŭһֱضڲϲ
ЩֵģҲֹסһִ󺧡
ѽүҪȫˣֱ춯ذ֪ǽͯܲܵסˡϷǰ̳ƣѺүǱ߰ɣ
ƽɿ㾰Ҳ¾죬ɵָ˶עҲеĸһתӪ
ֻĽ׵ˣǰ治ţȴǲΪƽɣҪˣ㿴ǽͯ񣡡
һ㶣ƽңңԶȥȴǵʱԹͨȫӿǽͯУȴǲм·ȫûѶԷһһ
үȻ㻹ʶ̧ٵĻҲֻöԲסˡ
һľâֲָ̧ͯĺɫƣѾʹȫҲֽɣߺߣ
˫ͫݺݲ£һ߰Ĺͨʱܹ˳ƣŭһȫ͵شǣһ˫ȭһ㣬ǰһƣСӣ㳢СүУѣɣ

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аЦһͯ˿壬׼õĺɫҲȻǰ͵¡

ʮֵľûһ˿췢ֻһΪϸĺɫУӿһţ·΢һ㣬һƮû˿Ƶġ
ǣǽ֮ȴһأȫʧһ㳾û£ͬûֹһ㡣
һȻûκƣҲûκοֲϢڳˣȴǴĵһļµĲ
صƣµģϢĨĳ˾ڡ
У׿ǷӦ˫Ĳ࣬æһͯס֣ͣ
ѾˣǵɫѾСӵӰݺײһȴûκǿҵƱֻǺӰһǻӰһǾ޴ӱһͣȻ৵һȫɢˣ·ǱһؼĨһ
ۣ
һ̲ס³СܴɫɷǺͨȥɢϢһ·ϻǽнӴһͨͨĨ·ԶƵġ
龰СӲ󺧣ҲǷ׷״ʧɫ
һ¡Ҫˣ
ͯס֣ûУ׿һУǲŭ
Ƥᶶ˶ͯǰǾʧɫǻа죬ȴǲûҪͣµ˼
ˣ
Ȼڴʱһռ䲨ռأÿʼģǽ֮ͯ
Ȼһͯ͵תͷ׿ȴֻ׿Įϣ֮ͫУߵɫĹ⻷ھ⡣
ˣҪ
ͫأӡһͺȣ׿૳
ৣ
ռ͵һͯӺһ˲˫񣬵ȥȻһڵʱǻǰڵĳĹâ
ֻʱ˿̣ѽȴ˿Կԣ

ͬʱͨǰѺɫУҲǺһ£ʧˡ;֮أͨ˲ͷ亹оԼƽ׼һƵġ
һֲ̫ˣֱϵ֮°


1188 ٴͻ
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ǰ׿ڳؿһۣ̾㰡ȷҺֻʱңԴĿˣĻϲ⡣ǺǺǡɵСӣΪ˵۱֮Ҿβ𣿱ˣ񽣣ܿͫƣںϺҲһú÷ʡɣ
˵ţ׿ӡһħڡ
Сӣνˣ죬õѵ˰ɣţ׿ͨǰһ١
΢΢˱죬ͨصԴЩʧصͷ֪ˣϵԺ󲻻ˣ
仰˵һٱˣһ㣿ǺǺǡԺԼοͷԼɣЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ
ǰҲǹһݣȻһħΪɵ׿ܼң㵱δ⽣ͯԼ˶µȥ֣δ̫Σ˰ɣ
Լ̵Ƿİɣ
΢΢һЦ׿Ҹοһ˾µģųֵ⼸յİ٣ʥˣҪиķչʥ˻һĻǾܵġԡȥһʥĿǰֲ֪֪ˣŰսʤôǾϢʱҵǲ
һȥ̫Σ˰ɣ
ǰһ˰ɣ
ԣѲϿڣҲǽӻ磬
Цһ׿ÿɷذ˰֣ûϵʥҵĵ̣Ϥö࣬ҵʵʥ򼴱ʽ׸֣Ҳνİɣµģ
˪һ£
Ұ˼䣬׿ְһ˪еһԣ˺󣬵ˣ£⼸죬ûв쿴䣿
üͷţ˪ҡԴ֪ΪΣǽ˹켣·һʧˣ͸һ˵һˣǲǸǽˣǶ˵ߣ
۾
۾΢΢һУ׿૳Ȼָæǻʲô취ҵأʥôû
ҧҧ촽˪ΣҡҡԴǸΪ
ʲô
ҵ
ң
ǰ
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治ǸǶָ㣬ҵҪҵκζˣ΢΢һЦ˪͵滹˵ˣǸĶȻǣҡǸҵǸȻҵǽˣ𣿡
üͷ΢΢˶׿˼ȻصԴԭˣƵ۸ҵǺðֻǡôã
ԼɣҲᣡʼ磬˪ȻһЦĪ
Σ׿ԴһᶨĹâðɣ·ٺú˼ɡ֮ҵһˣ⽣ͯĿֻţ˶ƽһ²УҲóպúõһСӣ
˵ţ׿˪֣һȭ˱ȭҪ뿪
ˣҲʮֹؿ׿ȭУֻһͷԼǸ̳ӣ涣޵ȴȫû˼׿к
ѽҵĳ𰡣᲻㰡ͷһ棬ΪʲôѺ˹ͨأ
ƽǰĳ޸ӣԼѺҲﲻ㣬
ƽɿ޵ϡﻩͬ飬׺Ǻݺָ죬˼ҹߣȴǷ˾ţ֮ûǶעԼ۵İ
Ƥֹסݺݳ飬׿ңңͷһۣһΰ̾
ԼΪʲôҪ
ţ׿һˣ˵Ŀͱ·ˡԶˣ¿ûˣæҸû˵ɽ󷨣ΣóƵ۸Ǹ
ζ̽ʥ򶯾˳°ˣҵǵ䣬ǹؼеĹؼ
ɣȴܸЩ˵Ͼ˼µģŮ˵ģΪ˵ͷ磬֧ܸй˵¶һ˼Ҿ㲻ҵı߾ô죿
Ϊһɫ쵼ˣҪʱʱ̣̿ǰֳһ˽ڶŮ˽ôȻ˽¸ˣٺ٣
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ӽָóǸ򣬷ŵϣ׿Ųţǣ㾿СðƵͷǲ˱Ҳ÷ҴӺ֣
ضǶţ׿һس
ǣĿһҲǽģǺеĺƺҲڲͣת·־޴ҪȫȥƵġ

ͻȻ׿һǰһڣ㳹˹ȥͨһڵϡ˫ָ־ʱǶʱһƬڵ£岼ǲϵش߻ֱܹһ
⡭ôط
һ㶣׿гɻ󣬵ϸ˼ȴͨһУˣƵҲˣ͸У㳡ѵ˵ⱦ÷ֻˣҸҵ䣿
üͷšһ׿̧ǿſǳԻ֮ɫֻҲͣⲽ˼֮
ƼҵʥŮҪ࣬Ƶۿ췲ˣҲǴǿյѵ˵Ҫ䣬ҪϤǳ䣿ǡֲ֪֮ȱҪ˪У츳ɣƼҳ峤ҲܾͨҪΣ
׿üֻǽ󣬲֪Ǻá
Ȼһ㱣ɫòЩƵģǳԵУҲǷ˵Ĺâ
Сӣؾ֮˵ڣʮС棬أңӦÿһ˳֣һǳػ㿴ǳڿ֮ˡУ췱ǣֻءҪѰ˺ڷ֮УĸԻ˵ã
ʱһϵشĶڣʱһǳתҲרע
㣬׿һͲ֪Ǻ£ʱֻôţǳ˶Ĺ켣ȻҲһԪתǳһ㣬ܣĪ⡣
أ֪˶ãǸоǳ·ڣǳͬԼڵһ㣬ÿһѪҺÿһκĸอ֮𶯣һĿȻޱȡ
ҡҪǣ
ʱ·ȻУһǳҲʶĸ֪£һεĲʹþſõǳһߣֱֱ򶫷ȥ
飬͵컻գ۾أ
ԭˣڶ
ǰһ׿ʱһӶأѹӵߣǷǸ
Ͻ׿˸߲ңⱼȥǸյ⣬ȴѺˣǳȴ·ںһſ貵ǳһߣǾ֮ơ
ֻǲ֪ǺӰǳǳӳںϣ˵׿ƿǳ
дã׿һ£ȴһ
Ҳڣͻˡ
ҪǣΪҲ˶͹Ǿһأ
ҵľҲˡ


1189 ϼ
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ʵƿ£һ⻮񷣬׿Ĺԣǳָ֮һ·򶫷ȥ
̧֮Ͽ˿׿۾΢΢һУǲһȻĻȡǾ飬һǳλãϾҪˡӦþ˲Զ˰ɡ
ţ׿ҲԽ֪ΪΣԴǺй֮Īĸоƺﶼǧ˿ƵϵƵģ춼ܿ춥ͷ岼ҲǼˣ
ʦ㣬ʦǼ˴ϽյȥᰳʦǻϣоᣬҪǷڤͼ㵽֡ǾôԼǰȥСʦòܣƺװɣ
ʲô׵ģǱѾͷʵʣƽӹúܣ˵Ǳʦ㣬Ҳǿö࣬ôһ׸ȥʲô
ǰʦȥմһֹͶѣûνɡ
ǣʦ˼
죬ʦǱЩ֮ɱΣѾͷʲôûУͻƨѡݱѵõͷһ˻ȥ󣬾˵ٶ̫ʲô˵ģ
Ȼһдеɽּ׿΢΢˶䣬üͷ
ڤ
ǲǴ˵ڤ۵ȻڷףԼطѨһΣν룬ȴö֪ѵôһŵͼ
˼׿֨һͣӣתһ䣬ɽУûһ㣬ǷïĲݴԣȥ

ʲôˣһ͵˫ϬĿ⣬Ȼݴ֮
׿δԷӰǸеɱܣɢ
аһЦ׿ÿɷ񣬵װʧشţҾǸ·ģһʱ·˶ѣûʲô⣡
˵ţ׿ǴҴҲݴԣսս˳ӳģŮӰ˹ɫȴǷű䡣
ش׿ã˼һ͹Ǿˣʱ㳤Ϊһˣƺ˵ʦ㣬ǲмƲƲ죺ʥôǶ͹ǾҲǵһμ˰ߺߣʵɽϹתʲôޣһڰˣͷʣߣ
ǣҲ֪ôЩΣգû취ڰɽɵҩ⣬ҲûʲôɸɵˣǺǺǡ
Цһ׿һ˫֮УȴǾڣ⼸ŮΪ
šһڣڣʣǹԪȫ۷ڣöԸغܣ
ǻһ˿а죬׿ٴιһݣװ¶ָָǰλǰʲôطɽתˣһֱûתȥ
һ͹Ǿշжᣬתȥߺߣ
һЦʦЩֻصЦһŮҲЦǱġţ˲ֺСӣȰ㻹תͷȥɣɽתҲñǰߡĸѿ
Ϊʲô
ΪǰǡϼڣǻһʦаЦһ
ֹסһ׿ʱӦɫҲ΢΢
˵·ôôأԭǰϼڵİߺߣ⼸һֱžߣʥĵؽ綼㲻ˡ¿ɺãϹŵĵطˣߺߣ
ƺûв׿ɫĲƣ˵û׿ʦ΢΢ҶüЦӦ˵ɣҵϼڵĹأûԴ룬ģǱιʹˡҪʶĻ͸Ͻɣߺߺߣ
Ǻǣ֪ܲǸ̫ŵĸڣʥ˭֪
һЦ׿ƳһۣҲ¶һ˿Цݣô˵Ļλﶼǵϼڵĵˣ
ǰôˣ
Цһ̧̧˵أеıģȴҲúܣûҲϧСҲǴ֪Ҫʦٺ١
ǰɣ
еɱһ׿ǵаҲԽԽ˫ȭ߬߬ȴʧЦǰҪʦȷЩѰ죬ǡ
˵ţ׿ϣǽȭâ
ʦ㣬ʦ㣬ǵȵҰ
Ȼǧһ̣֮һεĺȴǺ쳹ڳ˶ߡţһӰϮȥֻжʮ£һϮµСʱǰȴǷЦ⡣
һģ
°һ׿ÿɷһЦ
ҲһͷֹסҡԴѾͷô׷ˣ겻ɢ
ʦ㣡
һͷŮߣǸСһЦôȵңԼˣҺòײ׷ģ
η۶ʦ㲻ЦһСʦã·;գţһΣǺã㻹ǻȥɡʦô㣬ΪԻڣġˣ˵ʦȥҲ԰
ʦ㣬˵ﻰǽһʲô鷳Ҳðæң⻹ҵһγôܰ;ϣ
Сֵúܻ˿ûЩʦǶ֮⣬ֱȦĵûɽеĲ׺ݣ
׿аһЦؿһۣĳʵЩʦ㽫ţΪãϾ磬ʵ̫ΣˣǺǺǡ
Ц׿ȭͷڽ߬۵ȴԽԽԡ
ף˭ҲʦǶҵĺˣɢŴЦݣСת׿￴ȥ
Ļϣ׿΢΢ͷҪ֡
ǰʦǶð԰ƳŹأ˭֪ԼܽǾ͹ֲá

Ȼʱ׿͵һȴǺסˡСУ֮ɫ
ѾͷһΪͨݣǾȴƵ͸ɾ˫׿쳣Ϥĸоֻһ۶ѣ۵㲻ɵ÷
ͬʱС￴׿Ҳ΢΢Ƭ̣Щɸоǰ𣿡
㡭ʲô֣һ׿ڡ
ǣû˿ԥģСֱ˵ȫû׿˰㣬ѿڶǣ
Ӻݺһ׿ôؿסˣֻп߽ͬ㣬ڲţǣǡ֡
ӲԴת׿ԶתСã׿ȭͷɿǻȻЦݣȥ
ǣҵˡ
Щֲڵ˫֣ḧ˳۵˫գУ׿ôֱֱؿţһнο֮ɫ
ҲûоܾİƣǸеûйİĸ·ǰ֮ʶȫʶѡ


1190 Ů

һ죬׿ݣ΢ҪڣһѸ͵ƷǶȻϮ̼ͽһƻɳȥݺˤ˵ϡҲһ㱣ع뵽ղų˫նʱɬ糺졣
СӣǳıӵˣǵϼڵӶҵϷĲͷ˰ɣΪʦ㣬ָŵµ׿ڴڻҪǰš
Һóţûܸж
İţ
üͷֹסݺ׿Ҳûðɣ˫ȭ߬еɱҲǳɢ
Ƿ޽պòؾۣûü´һͱɨˣ׿ְĳ嶯
һ뵽ǾȻҲǵϼڵˣ׿Ұܲܵŵ棬ŵĹһ˰ɡ
ֻǡʵ벻ͨΪξת˵ϼأ
һ뵽Ǿ鷽ָһСϤĸо׿ǿԿ϶ɣֹͬˡ
Լǿ׿װȫʹת׿ЩŭŮˣȴǼƣæ͵㣬Ǳᣬʵλ̫ȥӣԸոһʱ嶯Ż鲻Խ´Ҳˣ
㻹Ҫ´Σ𣿡һԣʦŭ𣬾Ҫǰѵ׿һ٣ȴǱǵסȰʦϢŭҲһʱԣŻ˲֮٣Ǵģͱˣ
ߣʲôֵģռ˵ֲң㶼ģһʲô˵ģ
ŭһʦ޺޵˦˦ӣһ֣߿գգʧߣѾͷˣ˵ĻҲ棬ñ˼ҵϷ
ʦ㡭
һǿһȺԶȥӰȴҲЩ˶УЩƵصԴüչȻգŴĴ۾׿ٴȷϵոյȷΪҿˣšǹģǲǣ
ضϣ׿ֻ֪밲ĶѣΪԼһɡʵԼֻҪͷԸҲͺˣ׵úܡ
ǣ˻νǣܹƭ˵ˣЩݶˣʱ̻¶ˡ
ҵȷ鲻Խǰ㿴ãҲûãǡˣ
ʲô
˫һ죬ǴߣŭݺݵһۣתҪ뿪ҿˣΪǺˡʦ˵һ㣬ǹռұˣָЦұѾͷˣ
ίҲû׿ΣֻҪ϶뿪׿һæУȵȣ
㻹ҪʲôҪٸҺҿɾͶ㲻ˣ΢΢һת׿׿ǳв
вȴ׿ȻʧЦҡԴ
һԪߣԼ͹Ǿле㵨ӣ
ǣ׿ҡҡԴᣬոҲϷŪ㣬ҲǹҪᱡ㣬ΪҰ㵱˰ˡҵˣһҼһۣЩ鲻Խ
һǿ׿ǴĲһ˿ʵ˫һ죬΢΢˵Դȴǲˡ
ӵȷ飬ȻˣҾԭˣԴɬСתŭҪ뿪
ȵȣ
ôˣ
ʱ׿ٴδȣҪ뿪ĳǣһͣתԴÿ
΢΢һЦ׿̾ҿóǸˣٰܲһæɽ·ˣܴҷɳȥ𣿡
Ҵ㣿
ô𣿡
ԣ
ϿЩΪѣ׿󣬲֪ΪΣȴǺѾֻܾ׿ߣ¿ûˣɬһֻ֣׿֫૵šҴɳȥ㡭𶯰
˵ţǽһ̤ʱ׿շȥ
ž
ʱ׿Ҳ˳һ֣˳ǵ֫
һش󺧣ͨ죺ʲôſ֣
Ҷ͹ǾƽһηУҺ°ǻһа죬׿ЦһôĿ͡
һûа취ƾԼϸ֫ˣܷܿɳȥһɡ
ž
Ȼһδƽһ𣬲֪ģ׿ǸʧĵԴֿСһĨϡ
ٴδ󾪣ɸæУָʲô￿ϣ
ҵһηɣ°ܲҪģ׿ǻЦ⡣壬ɫͨһƬ׿åоȴǴĵһ취ûУƺ޳ܣҲȫ᲻ֻǿӲһι̫֣ҪٸҶһµĻҡҡҲˣ

ǣ仰˵ãһ˵׿Ǹӱ䱾һֻҲǰλãļͷֱǽȫһ
һ£ǰѳŪ´ңߵһֱͿҪƵġ
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ৣ
һ壬˲أ׿צһ㣬ųǲţȴƤһ飬޺޳ιѾƽϣ㻹֣
ܣһƭңǻڿУҲϵģٺٺ١
Сå׿ţƤճЬϣײˣζٷŹ
۾΢΢һ£ǺݺݴӱǿܴȻ͵һһ˲佫׿ѿ׿ӣҲǺ¡һ£ˤ˵ϡ
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
վϳ׿˿Ϊ⣬΢΢һЦһشǰȻش𣿡
𣿡һ㶣ûӦ׿Ȳڵ
üͷһǻҡҡͷ
΢΢һЦ׿ж𣿡
һ㶣ǻҡԴһ㯣Щʲô˼
Ǻã
õĴ𰸣׿ɴЦһǰһ֣УԼؿھͻش⣬ոҾǹģΪϲ㣬㽫ᡭҲҵŮˣ

·һڻͭԺ죬ǵȦˣã֮ɫ˲ɵۡ
⡭ôģôȻ˶ҡ
ãطӦȻݺһ׿ӣ񾭲ǲŸʶһʱ˭֪
ҽ׿ʶˣǣ߰ɣ
ðǵϼڵӣ£Ҫʦ
ǸϹţҲԤӵ£ǣߣ˭Ҳ谭ǣһ׿һ¶


1191 ɱ
ضţƤ΢ȴһҡҡԴһתȥӣ֪ʦ˭ôǴԲѣ
֪ʥ˻֮һ޻ʣǾĵعһսħӰ죬ɫ˥Ǳڱ٩ΪϹûʣ
оâһ׿ǣߣұ֤Ϲκβ㣡
Ŷ䣬ǺݺҡԴסڣ׼ʦΪ˭ʦԳֻЩʦǶָͷҪҪǲͲҪٿڳԣɱ֮Ҳ㣡
ң
ͷһȣ׿¶ȻЦݣǣ˵ҪϹǰңô֤ңΪβߣ
һͣǵʱ޲úݳԼ¡
ôˣΪλѿڶҪСأŸʶãֶǸ֪ģ
ɻ󣬵ȴǱ䣬ݺݵ׿һ۵˵ˣ㲻ҵӵƷѣⲻϲǲŸռ棬ûϲģ߰ɡѾɽˣ㰲ȫˣ
ǣһҪңҵӾ㡣Ʒͬһˣзżᶨ׿Ϊ
η۶Цð׷Ұ׷˵ɣ
䣬ǵʱ׿˸Ȼһ̤ţ˲ϸ߿գգ۲Ӱֻ׿һˣʧķǻȻЦݡ
㲻ҷɣԼඣֻǳ˵˫ɣһ˷ɣİǺǺǡ
Ц׿̤һʧӰ
ʱ󣬳ڼʦʧķ׷ȴǳٳٿǵӰʱ󼱡
ѽҵĹͲǡֵôʱ䣬ôȥôȵҰ
ΪϼڵĴʦ㣬òȫͬ꣬ǲǰɡʶģͰϽյĻߺߡ
ȻһĴֱʣһȥȴǵʱǰ治ԶԼͬʦǣȫһȺŰΧŶʮˣоȻ֣ǿĸڡЩͬţȫˣʹʦһˣ֧š
龰Ƕ˵˲¸ȥź˪һƣݺһԴȥ󵨿ͽʦ㣡

бƳƳǺ˲мһЦָ£һָһأȻָʱĲ㺮ڡ
ۣ
һѪһ֮£ˤ˵棬ȴȻˡ
ϼڵǻ׺ݣԪؾ͸ҸҹԪ۷Ӳˣǲ֪ǳĶ
һЦ˿ҲֹסЦ
ˣҡҡԴݺݵ˳һۣŭѾͷȻѾǱΧˣϽȣԼʲô˵ǵܸʲô
ʦ㣬ҡίʧصԴ
ŭһȥֽЩˣ󵨿ͽȻ֪ǵϼڵĵӣҶ֣𣿡
ٺٺ١Ϊǲ£
һЦǸͷڣ͵ǰһϾǻ뱻Ϲû׷ɱĺǡʶĻͰѱｻҲͲΪˡĻҪҵһ֣λҼңһүǣ밡
һҲЦЦа֮
ˣһҧˣŮҲŭЩеâȴǲЩӡ
һ޷죬ǧ𡭡
ЩһʱԾǾôѶȥĻⱣ֮𣬺ȻҪ䵽ͷϡĻȻǣǹȥˡ
һˣѣ֪Ǻãɹϵڵĵλǰ;
Ȼһѻĳǣʱǰһͷһǰйâһͽһ߲ϼյ˳ݸ
ʦãűߣסǣǧʦʧ
ʦ㣿
ߣٴδһг˼ᶨЩĸо
Ǳһᣬ˵ͷ͵ùȥǸжʦʹҶΣһҪƴãܶԵи
Щһűˣһ׷ȥѾͷѶ£Ȼĺùӳԣ
ৣ
һɫӰЩץǣӹǣ׷ȥԵصֵһ£㲻ٶˡǿҪڳӿûӰػһΪ˲֪Ĺ컡ȡ
Ѿͷߣ
䣡
һȣһѸ͵Ʒ磬˲ڳ
ǲһתһȴ󺧡˲ǱˣǸոǸһнܵĹԪ۷֣ҲǶʱ˹ȵס
ǣΣʦǵи׶¡
Ǻݺҧҧյ΢΢˽һֻ̧֣һƣҲǺݺԷȥʹ˻
Ǽ龰ǺȴһЦ¶˲м񣺡С°ܽθ£ɣ

Ȼڴʱ鷢ˡڳˣôǺ˵ĹʤһǵǶཻʱǸȴǻûӦô£˲䱻һƬѪɢ֮䣬ȫʬûˡ

͵һͣ׷ĺǣȻͣɵɵؿһУ˲侪ˡ
ɣһԪصôܱһԪ۷ĸ֣ǿôࣿһƾͰɱˣǸղôأѵǹʵ
ЩϼڵʦǣһУҲǲɵ΢΢֢ȫġ
ǵСʦʲôʵǻ᲻֪ôǿ̶ֳȣ
ոǸʵɲԪ۷塣⣬˭֡Щʦǣǰǳ˲ٿô
һ̣е˶ɵסˣԼҲȫ˰㣬˼ؿԼƣٿµһƬѪˮ֮ɫ
Լһƣôǰôû֣
ǣ˭Ҳûע⵽ǣڲԶУһصӰĬĬעһжұͫУŰ˵ɫĹ⻷
ͫڰأ˲գ
ţ׿ջԼĽָаЦһκԾռ䣬ת˲ԷǰӦĿռ֮䲻ⰡǺǺǡ
ţ׿ת׿𾪵ķɫһ¾ͳŮˣ֪ǲôǰ߱ȴƫƫڻߣĿʧְ֮еΣȫת޵ϣŮˡţȻڵŰֽ˿ɲôӦģߺߣ


1192 նɱ
СѾͷ벻㻹ˢô
ڴ֮ǻعһţĺӣ͵ǰһɢǿƣݺݵصζ뵽ԸȺСѾͷȻʧ֡ߺߣΪֹˣֵȥɣ
˵ţ̧һֻ֣˳ĿռҲֹס
˫ͫݺһǴʧɫ֣
ȻֻڣԸԪأȴǴ´ˡٶʵԪ֮ĺ蹵ȴǲԽģ
һЦǺǵɫ԰ɫһһ˲˹ȵףйâһóһʮƷ齣󣬱սսز쿴ΧȴŵòΡΡ
ףܿΧĿռ䣬ԷĹܴ˷κһϮȴӦ˵ġ
һ̣Ǻð
һʱ䣬·ȹϵϣֱšЩ˼ˣȴһаЦǵЦ֮ɫ
ڣǸһδЦ֮͵һץȭͷ˱ˣѾͷȥɣ
ݣ
ȻһɲǼ䣬Χռʱһ󸡶ļ꣬Ҫİ㣬ǻȥ
²һһĶʱ˰أһ֮ɫͨ޷Ĺ޷Ӧ
ɵãץ齣֣Ҳ΢΢һɣҪصĸо
ǣЩŮǣҲ漱УϧûãǣȫﲻκæֻؿԼͬСʦãɥԼǰΪˡ
ৣ
Ȼʱͻ͵ĳǣһ˲ʧˡЩϬļ棬Ҳأû˸գ˼Ұëû
ֹסһǸֲ󺧣أ
ͷϣ
صУ׿ǹһĨа죬֮ͫһɫĹ⻷ͫһأλλ
ˣ
һεĿռ䲨ͷϷ״ǵӰʱһ˸ȴǴͣþûز
⾿ô£
ӲԴת˹ȥǺҲ澪֣˫иǳʡ
⾿ʲôΪƬռ䱻ҿˣСѾͷ˲ߣȴûаֲʲô
ǺǾôɵ۾нã·ԼҪʲôƵģȫסˡҲɵؿŶˣд˲֡
ǳЩͬʦǣǾˣзֹǾʲôô˹ֶ׽
ܿ죬һλʦȷӦæȣǣûᣬ֣
һﾪˣŷ֣԰Ƕȣʵ̫ˣһԴҲܸʮƷӲɡ
ţǲһϲӶУݺ£ֱָ룡
ͫݺҲǺܿ췴Ӧһŭһ˦䣬ΪצݺץȥǺ
Ҫץʵˣ˲ִܰͨͨŤ
龰Ůһ̾ҡͷ
֣ǽⲫǶǿߣǾ̫ǳ˰ԼҲһ㣬һֹס³ȥ
ۣ
ǣǧһ֮ʣ˺ݺץȥֻצ֪ΪΣǺһ£Ѫ˸߿գֱֻۣҲжϡ
أ˴סˣǵаЦû£еãжʱ̤ʮͷ
ֳʲô۶ˣ˭ҽһ
ϧû֪֪Ҳûᣬװȥˡѵõһವһֱֱ¡
һ̣һ죬ǲһ֣˲ɵһΪ˵ϣе࣬ɳ㻬˴ϣΪķϡֻǾʹ˷ָص۾ڽӲţеԻ˿ɢȴĿ֮࣡
𾪣ŵ𾪣
˵һʼһƻɱһԪ۷֣˾Ļôڣȴڳ˿־Ĵڡ
Ͼǲһˣǳʥ֡һնɱ飬۷֣ҲɣСȴ
Ƥֹסض˶е˿ǵ񣬽ǾֺءЩͬʦǣҲǱһĻĿɿڴſĴ춼Ѽˣ
̤̤̤
ڣŵصĲǸڸ֣к˵ͷ죬˳ǵǰȻɫȴԿ۵ǳɱͼɵ
Ȼ˲ò࣬û뵽СѾͷȥ޺ģȴԭĸְ
۾΢΢꣬Ǻ֣ر˱ȭȳôϷһ£ĸаɣ
䣬һǺǶ÷Լȫƣͬռ䶼ڲϵ·Ҫʱһ㡣
ںһһкòϣٴӿ
зźȻǿѵǿƣȻӷţ϶Ǽᶨ֮ɫ
ţǺ˵ɫ΢ôﻹԸó汾ոɱԪ󽫵ʵܶסϷѹɣ
˵ţǺٴһӣɡһأ̲ס۵һ͹о嶼Ҫѹˡ
˼ˣ뼥ЦҲϣĹâ
ȻöԸϴ֣Ȼϴ䰡
ֻǺͷ죬ųǲţȴǲû¶˿и֮ģϾո¶̫ˣɲصǸޣ
ã۸ţΪû𣿺ߺߣ
֮У׿ۿһУȴЦһȻôʶôҪóµĻǺãɱڰ
зЦ׿֮ͫУ˵ɫ⻷
ͫڰأ˲գ

·һ΢紵ǳصһɣȴǵʱǿֲѹ½ųվ
һ㶣Сɻѵˣ
ǣΧʱźȻ֡ߵĿռڲ𶯣µĲݵҲѹ˷飬ʯ鱻˷ĩֻڣ·һռ㣬һ˿ţͣ
зԻ󣬳⣬ԷڸʲôȴǺ˴ЦһкŨŨս⣺ôҪʹ汾ǾɣС
Ȼϴѹվˣǳ⣬һ߶İ
ǰѹɱ֣ǵ֮ոʵ̫ˣһͨСôܻȻ֣ô˼뻢Ѩûȥģ
Ҳֹסͷǵ񣬽ԭǵϼʵϵĴʦŶԣͷˣ
ԣƤһ飬һҧˣϡ
СѾͷд˳Ĵʦ㰡


1193 Ӱ
ûЩ˵ϸϸ˽ǼԷս½̧֣ضŶԷǿģɣҾϽյģ
ãҲû㽻սȻʤߣߣһǺͷǶˣðŵɫܣеɱ㣬ֱ͸Сĵףֹס
ݣ
Ȼʱֵ鷢ˣǺͳδһ˿һǵǰѽȴȶˡ
һϬĽֱֱӺͷ໮˲һλϡ
ۣ
һѪէ˻׷ʲô£˲仯Ϊмʧˡ

ֹͫסݺһǺͷأؽӲȫˣǵҲƵģﶼûôĵ׷ë
ովʲô£ȫûӦֵܾˡǰһУǶ׼ˣԼĻ
ལ
һˣͷ̲סһڼɬĭͷѲ亹ȴСƺҲһãȻ֮ɫȫ׷ʲô
ոĽԼһѹûκιϵ
ݣ
ʱǵĽٴζˣһâɹǺͷմһţٴαѪһλ֣ʧȥϢȫʬ
Ӻݺݲ˲˲󺧣׷ţǵڿħһ㡣䣬ɾ䣬ɱ治ְң⻹µģµǣȻϴ棬ɱˣﰡ
ڸֶܲСʵ˺εȷ˼֮ʽ׸ְɣ
ԻһѪɫεѪֹסǺͷ쿴ųǵȻη塣
˿ĽδСҲǱôոַɱ˿ħŰûʲôֱ
á㾿ηʥ
˵ˣǺͷ쿴ǵǾ㤣ӶЩ
ؿһۣǳأ֣صر˱ȭСŮӵϼڵʮӣǣʸմ
ʮСһӣôʵֶΣ
ȫû⣬Ǻͷֻǽ˫üϸϸ˼Ȼ̧ͷʱȴǺһִ󺧣ǡǡ
ǵĪسһӰأ˿壬֣ȴܹ΢֪һЩ
Ӱɢǿѹͷ첻˫ȶ˶̲סȥһҲ㷲ͣš
˸æһȭʵǿɽˮǸٻᣡ
ߣ
䣬˱ݺһ֣ȥһ㣬ѱ亹͸ӶڴŲ
˼ˣҲȻæϡСķͬСɣϴδ֣֪ǲ𣬽ŵĨͿˡ
ǿһУȴЩãֻǰعȭ૳ڡ
ߣ˭ڡ£ͱŻȥˣ
ǶЩˣûʲô׷׿ּ䣬ȴһЦ̧Ľָٴһ
ͬʱǱǸӰҲǸһеǰѽҲܿƵǰһ
ݣ
һ˲Щڣֻգ֮䣬紮Ǻ«Ƶģؿڣһܶ
ۣ
ѪλԪ֣˲ûϢ
̲ͫסһǺͷ춸תͷǣŭǿûһˣҲҪˣͷҪôϾɱ𣿡
ңǽ
ίһؿеĽǻ˵꣬ǰѽȴٴζˡ
ǺݵĽӵգЩһҺ£һû죬޷֮
Ǻͷ죬һƬɴ󼱣ŭ̵ģŮйŹ֣ǸɱԵŮħͷǿܣٸˣ
ܣǺǣûôףǰɣߺߣǸ𣿡
ৣ
׿вͣӶָаЦϣǸӰҲǿųǵֱۣͣӶҿɣ·ɳնƵġ
ʱ䣬콣â֮УƺʬҰѪȾ˴أ˷ЩϼڵʦǼ龰ȴȫˡ
ôʦþȻǰôûأ
ǿô촦ȴǿҪ޳ˣеְ֣ͣͣ
ͣҰղ紵Ϊãǣ׿ڲݴУҲֲͣ
˫ֳֽҲû취齣ͣ»ն֮£ֻúݺһҧеҪٲͣԸԶϽҾͲţûҵԪ֧֣㻹ĴҰ
֨
ģ׿ͣ˶ҡҡԴ
ðɣȻ㶼ô˵ˣֻҪ㿪ľͺá
ͬʱǱǸӰҲʧȥǻӶǿȻͣǴʱ˿̣Ǻͷڣֻ˴
ŮħͷˣĽٷˣת׿һ۵ûУæԶ룬ת۲ӰǸڰ
ԭΪץֻС򣬽Ǵˡ̵ģˣǵùߵġȥѰԮˣȻκβŮħͷ
ЩٷˣʣµĵϼŮḻ̌ڵصĳǣȴȫɵˡ·ʶСʦð㣬ҲǷ˿˿
ʦ㣬û°ɣϽյұסˣ
ǲŻָһЩվߵŮߣĵˣҪҪҸˣ
ž
һ죬еյһѶضһۣȴЦû뵽Сʦûôһ֣Щʦ۽ˡʦóЩ˿ɶҪɥ֮ˣЩʦģûðҪʦֱ
ʦ㣬˵ﻰⲻӦ𣿡ؿһۣ㷣ǲ⣺ֻǡգʦ㿴ôе㲻˰
ʧЦһһؿˣﲻ˰ʦǳϢˡһˣܶԸʮ֣лв֣Щʦĺհֻǲ֪ʦʱ˺ݶɱ飬˼Ҷ֪Ѷˣһأ֪ģǵϼڵģ֪ģΪħɽأ
ǣʦ㣬ʱûɱǣѽԼ
Լˣ˭أ
ϽǼ̱һЦֵǣǼ·ɣٵСʦðȫˡ˼һԶɱе񽣣úܣòǱˣߺߣ
˵ţǷһ̤Ųȫ٣תʧŮڳһ˵Ҳ˳һۣЩİ뺦£ҡҡԴҲǸһȥˣֻ³һˣίԴͬʱĪ齣ְֺޡ
Ȼ⽣ڹؼʱ򣬾ʦһ޵ȴ⽣֪ΪεıߣʦǶԶˡ
֪ðú޵ģǽˣһĬĬעˡ


1194 ʽ׸ֳ
ίŲǵԴ֮ɫʱ齣һ̾ϢʦǶˣ治ɱԡ
ףˣʦޱҪ˸ô죿
ģǷ·ʲô˿齣æڤȥʦǣҪޣɱˣһҪҵĻȻĻ
˵Ƕʱûˣ֪в齣źݺһҧ޺޵ȻĻҾͰ㻻ˣߣ

ɵã齣΢΢һ£·ѽڳЦвңոջӳǿͽֲңвëãߡ
һгȻ֪Լ齣ͨˣһ̤λʦȥķ׷ȥ
ǻɳԶһ˺ѷεشУǶشĶУ

ͬʱһ̶ķҲڶǰ
һ㶣ת׿ȥȴǺͫһ´󾪡
ֻʱ˿̣һֻȫȼŵ棬ʮɳľﻹһʹ֮ɫˣȴ׿ɡ
˼ޣյ񣿡
üͷݺݶ˶ֹסгһôֱ˼ץסˣڤһȥ
˵ţǶ˵ὣȥǰ˼űǵһն

԰ɫĽâݺ֮ϣʱ˲˪ȼյףҲήࡣ

һУ޵ɿ˾޿ڣ׿˳ƵȥҲŮӲתױҲķȥգ۲Ӱ
ǿˣǻһĻȣȻŷ·׿Ӱæ׷ȥȴֻ׿ӣǵԴе˵صס
һǸæǰץĽţǸԲ𣬸ոչ˺ˣû°ɣ
ǺǺǡû£ô˵ҲǸ͹ǾӸ߿ˤ£ˤңһЦ׿˲ǳ棬¶ȻЦݣǣлл־һԵעһˣ
ɫһǵһ֣ӵϣߵߣͽӣ²Ҹողž㣬㻹ڳԵϷҡ֪ˣͲˣˣ
㲻ᣬΪ᲻ң΢΢һЦ׿֪ܵ
˵ˣһ仰ǲ֪ΪΣǰǣɣ˫һ죬ЩС¹ײĸо
ܿ죬ݺҡҡԴĸоѹ£ʲôˣҸ᲻㣿ߣԼ߰ɣﲻˣһҪȥҵʦأǣ
˵ţŤͷߡ
ѽ
ʱһط׿˻˻ͷ϶ٲ亹ɬǣм¾߰ɣعҡĽҰ⣬ղһֱ׷ʱһԵ޹һֻ߽ޣ˾ͺáҲ㣬ֲʲôˣϽȥ°ɣ
һת׿ȥȴ׿죬԰ףһֻȻѪ
æǰǼóһɴǹУ㲻Ƕ͹Ǿôˤأ
ⲻˤϵģǱҧϵģ
ϲ¶һ˿Ц׿̾һ͹ǾҲֲסЩ߽޵ļ찡
Ǳ˵ȷһţ
æóһƿһŵҩ׿Уǲ֪ΪΣﾹĪֻǡЩѾﵽԪߣ׼˵˵ģ˵ҩȴ׼Ҫãһˣ
εͷ׿һ˿ǰһܲܶһھޣԼӲˡ
˵ڣ㲻µģݺݵһۣѵǺܿ죬ֿԶŮʧķ򣬲Щ
룬׿΢΢һЦĵǣ㻹û׷ʦͿȥɣˣ
ȶˣôܰһ˶
΢΢ͦͦСظԴǵصǺܿ죬˼ȴץס׿ı۰򣬽ȻתܵԼıϣЦͿˣұȥʦǣ˰ȫطٰ¾ͺã
ףôǰһ׿޵ͷ
΢΢һЦǵüͷǵȻ߰ɣ
˵ţһ̤Ųշ񷣬գ۲ӰֻŮûע⵽ǣǵı󣬸ոձһֻȴңңԶȥӰ³һ
ԹԣСˡ
֣㱳ôһ۰ʱһӥһֻʮɳľӥǴߣ٩ǲǱ۸ˣߣһسӣ

æŻŵ³Ǵ쳤Х·ʮżӣǧȥҿٲˣ
ôһ˺ҿҲûʲôǳǳһۼѣƬëûš
֪ƨĲǸʹģǹⱻҵǸˣɢļɵһ뵽׿ǲ׵ͫ޵ϵĻ棬ֹסţƺҪϨƵġ
ǾӥһˣѾľʲôȻų⸱
һ棬Щߵĺ˺ܿһͺɽͷһŻˣȻԵõһųϣƷűе
һĸϹҲʵĺˤߣȴǸæݷ
ôˣص𣿡
ܣδõʧأ˴˶һۣǺͷ

еĲ豭˷飬ߵһĺâʧܣһȥ˶ʮ֣ڸִͷ󣬾ȻʧܣԷ߸СѣǾȻκβǣǾǷﻹǷͰ
Ϣŭ
æͷһݣ˲ΡΡͷæ߸СֵһᣬһŮʵֲ̫ˡɱ˲գ۲˵ʵ൱졣Щ˸һ֮аܵĿ죬Ҫȫûˣ
ƤһбһۣǱӣֱɢϬâǿ߶κβ˵ĴڣԷǵ֮ˡ˵ĻϷְɣ
ʲôҪԳ֣
ȻħʴԷԸܰˣ
ݺݵһۣߺ޺޵ǼﵫеãϷֺα𽵹󣬸͵֮£
˵ţóһڲգħʴзԸòҪˣ̫šֻҪᰳǵĽףһоˣ·
ǣ
͵һԴЩ˽һ˷ܡ
ɼԳ֣ȻֵٲСѾͷˡϾ˼ңʥǿ֮еģʽ׸ְ


1195 콵
ݡ
ƵľϣһӰӹգȴǵϼŮӡ׵һλȻݽɫȴһֱŴʦ㷽ɡ·Щ㣬ȥˣû¶ɫ
һŮӣʱ󿴿Щĵʦ㣬ǵĽųǲ̫ˣôȥûʦøǲˣ
ߣ˼ֶô·ܸϲ𣿴ǵһڣɽˮȥˣмƲƲ죬
΢΢һݣŮӻǲⵣǵǰʦһôԶʶ·ΣҪ;ЩǺš
죡
Ȼδ䣬ǴһϵѾͷôͣȥģǺšʱûѾͷѵ˸ô죿
΢΢һŮӿʦŭɫŵһ£Ҷˡ
Ǻݺݵһۣŭתͷȥ·ֻǽµٶȸ࡭
䣡
ǺȻڴʱ֪ģһǿѹǶúݺѹһ㲻·ȥˤ˸ࡣ
ͬʱһϵĴЦҲأȻ쳹֮䣬䣺ǲǺţѵϷҲǵ𣿡
ৣ
һӰ£ת֮䣬ʮ¸ǰйжʮϡΪ֮ˣźڽǿֲֻ΢ǣĵɵһɿ־УһҲվˡ
콵ʽ׸֣
Ƥֹס˲ʱһǲϵӰǾͷ亹͸ˣȴһĶŵؿҪųƵġ
ŮǲΡΡҴһ¡
ؿһۣ߲ЦһλϼڵСǣϷԸϹŽ̫ӣֻҪǽϽյϷԻǰȻȥǰëΣ
ǰȻǻʽ׸֣ôʥҲȻͷ͵о˳Ц𡭡
³սսĳҪｫԷˡĻδ˵꣬¡һһӿֲѹúݺѹϣ̲סһ۵һ£³һѪˮ
бƳƳ˲԰׵ɫ߲аЦһÿɷǶںڵҪʲô棬ѵûϷȻ𣿺ߺߣСѾͷʶĻҸ߸档ϷɲڼŮʬѰһ
һԣŮһȫ㷵ؿ·ڵľϡ
ʦ㣬ǸǺã
ǰ
תתȴһЦȻǸǴ˰ɣ
ôϷ֣ǣñ𣿡
ǺǺǡǣ
мƲƲ죬ʱЦǰòˣô޶翹֮ˣʵǱϣɱǣҲ޼£
Ƥ΢΢һһۣɵϣ㵱Ϸ𣿡
ŵĻѰ
˵ţǻŹЦŬվԼĴָ£ӵ˵ϣȴҿʼҵмҲƣ㿴ôŵĻǺǣҲν
һ䣬ǻȥˣʼһ·۾Уضš
ԽԽҲǽǰЩ˵УҲԽԽɢھ⡣
ཹཡ
̲ס˿ˮͷ˸ɬ촽ƺһ̣ʲôҪˣֻʲôʱܰϰ갡ʵ̫谭ˣ
ʦ㡭
ЩŮǣ龰Ҳһʦˣòֵǰɣ˷۱˱ﻹҪԼ٣αأ
治֪ʦ«ʲôҩ
ˣ
ȻڷֻһܹϹ˫۵ĺǶʱȴǼ˰֣סˡ
ں˼ˣʱйƤ㣬ʧҡҡԴһ󸹷̡
⻰˵ʵ̫ʱˣͲһˣϸʱ䣬ֵǹ
ǣĹôࣿ
Ů޾ȻزҲ룬ҲûǶڵϵĽָʵϷĻﲻϣǻ
ʦ
ʦã
ǰʦʵǿȻԱܣǲյ֮˰ˣǶɱˣҲòһô΢΢̧̧°ͣЦ
΢һۣԭȵĺͷǰ¿һۣ϶صԴǸСѾͷȷûı·ͱˣ
ʦ
΢΢˵Դٴν˷ݣµ˵Ϸͷһ·Ļ
˼ĳǰϮΪ˰ȫ͸ʦֵˡҲ֪·ȥ̽
Ҽڲ̽ٵģϷ·ȥң
תĬĬԸһֺݺݵ˷һۣ޺޵ѾͷаٻڲƭϷϷʱܷҪǵߣߣ
䣬ߺݺһ̤ŲವһϾ죬Ӱˣ΢΢̿ˮһŮֲҡҡͷҲϸȥ
ʱ䣬е˶뿪ˣֻŮӵӰеľлûȥ
һ𣬴ϣٽǽָУңңЩʧķǵʱһмĻȣߺߣϼһҪıڱУҶߣ
ʦ㣬𣬻᲻ٻʱһ֮쳹ԣһŮӵߵĵ
Ҳɫ£ǰ׷ʦãûҵϽյ϶Ҫ׷ǣǸı··ȥᰳǣǵ;ɨȥѹۼ׷
ǣʦ㣡
һȭȣǺܿ죬ŮӵĵǡСʦô죬Ҫ汻ҵˡ
أոǲЩǾͱˡ
ƳһۣһһԴĬˡ
ǻа컡ȣһתǰȥȴһɨڵϲԵã
СѾͷˣߺߡ
պ뷽ȫͬһ·ϣһεӰϱһݵӣһ·Уʱ׿ᰳôһûʦأ
İɣҲָ·ģ
һЦ׿¶һЦݣ·ӰӣȴȻۡ
ָ
ߺߣǰʥϴô꣬ôָ·ֻߴ·˵׼ˡ
׷ȺѾͷƽ׶һѵݣĶ磬ͦãǺǡ


1196 

Ѿ׷߰죬ûһۼǱ׿һ·ɳۣҲΪнձûͣЪԵʣԪֵͷϣǺˮ
׿ˣ²̧ۣӸˮǣҵȽѾˣȥЪЪŰɣ
Уһû׷ʦǣôͣأǲºܶ𣿡зִ֣΢΢ҡҡԴ
򶼴ˣٸҲ׷
ƲƲ죬׿̾һȻֵǣ׷׷ɣǽų̱죬ô׷׷ġǲᰳ𣬵㵽ﲻܼ𣬺αôż
ǣҵһγԶţ֪ᰳﰡ
ҵ£ⲻҸ·ˣ
㣿һ㶣תһۣ㲻ҪɽҩҪһֱָ·ȥᰳǣ·;ңԶ𣿡
ʧЦһ׿ÿɷ񣺡ʲôһ·ƯߵĶĶҺһȥᰳǣ㷵ʱһ·һˣ
Ŷǡллˡ˫΢΢һ죬һʱҪ׿һ𣬶ʱЩɬȴûʲôܾ
·𿴴˼Ƶģ׿ٺһЦĶϴ˿˿ô㲻Ըң
ЩǲӸ죬ȴǻҡҡͷ
Ըⱳඣ
û˵Сﱳ˵Ϸ֪λش
ǡһӣðɣ
Ȼ׿طɢȵ顣һ㶣ӺݺһǺתԴȴ׿ˮ˫ʱסˣһƬն
ʵţ׿ôͻأض˵㻰
ضţ׿鵽ѣʱһǰ㣬˳ǵ˫

Ǽ䣬һжֹƵģǳסˣԴ·ںһ㡣İϤϢ˰ΣŷӦһ˵ӱصȥ
ҳն
ţǼǵضߺ죬ת׿Ȼӿ׿ߣָ㡭㡭ռұˣ
šǸ鲻Խˣٺٺ١
һЦ׿Դȴаֻ⣬ЦôɣղռˣҲռʮôҲ⣬Ǻǣ
㡭޳ܣ
ݺݵ׿һۣתߣԺҲˣ
ǣ߰㲻ʶ·Ҹ·
ˣԼʣߣ
ǴаЦ׿ֵǳҲ޳֮ͽŭһһ̤ϷȥϵŭþòɢȴҲûл׿һۡ
Դ׿ȻҡҡͷǲԼ̫ˣչе̫찡ǺǺǡ׷Ůӣ治Ǽ¡治֪ǣʮҲ벻ܶˡεãҵ׷ˣǱӦˬ
뵽׿Ǹп
ףˣҸʲôٳǰϴ޵ŷɣѾùˣһ͹Ǿô׷ء
ৣ
Ȼڴʱ׿ҵ˼Լ椴ƣһӰȴ˲ͷӹѹѹһƬڱ˰գǿƣֹסѹ
Ϊ׿ڶ͹ǾϢ̫ϵЩǿǣ˿ûӹˡ
׿Դˣȴɫһңң˿Ƿȥķ򣬳ôô׷ˣ·ߣֻһѹ켣ӦҵȺǣ˶뿪ͺã׷
ѵ˵ˮ
üͷ΢΢һ׿һ̤Ųʧ滹иʽ׸֣ٲͷ¶βˡ
һ棬һ߷Уһŭشţ׿׿ͽӣĴռˡǱʦ˵ˣ˵ĻţǸ
䣡
ȻڴʱĻδ䣬һ춯صı췢һɼΪǿľѹ񷶥͵ѹ£һֻشݺõƵģ˲ͽ˵ϡ
¡
һըı𣬵ķѣر㻯һһ﷽ԲĴӣ𣬳ǽӰ۵һֹס³һɫ˲԰ȥ
һӰǰΪ֮Ǹߣ丩ȴ󵭵Ůûʲô˲ɣɱǶʮ֣
ɱΪԻѾͷǹغܰǸͳ죬æǰһ߶ߣ
̧԰׵գ̲ס³һ۾֡ǡ
ѾͷϽյϷĺѿ
Ͻյ
üͷ΢΢˶ԵЩãҡԴϣǵϼڵıҲ׽ǵġ
΢΢ͷЦһܺã

һţгСߵ߷ɳȥһΣٴ³ڴڵѪĭ涼ѵࡣ
ôǸһԪô
龰üͷһ壬ת׿ͷ죬ɻǿУɱƨĸ֣ôû
Ƥֹסһ飬ͷʱһ飬ίĵԴҡҲ첻״̬Ҳ˵
ž
δ䣬һ˦֣һĶ⡣
Ц𣿡
ؿһͷǲΡΡصԴһ䣬ǿѳˡ
Ѿͷʱֵôͣôˣʹʮ֮һƣۼʶһ֤ʧпԭҲðڵã֤ˣǸ֤
۾Ҳϴˣֻ֤Լ˰
һʰ㣬ߣ
ǣ
صã߲ŭһȥͷίһԴ޳ˡ
ţǰ̧һֻţؿѾͷôˣϷɲܰ⼸Ůһ˵žͷšȻ㻹ôӲϷֻòԴٴѰ䣬ȫʬˣ
˵ţһ̤¡
ǿѹգѸ͵磬ζ
ǾôؿţʹأҲһ³
ˣҪ𣿿ǡһкܶûҵΪΣûеôԡ
䣡
һ죬ʱֹ˼۾׺ˣߵһţҲǵǰȳһ뾶һ೤ľ޿ӣס
ǣɳɢȥһж䶨ߵȴֹסһԴ͵תһͫ΢΢һȳηʥ
һȺ˰ˣα֪ҵ䣿
ɳ裬һӰӻɳ֣֮ĮɱЩѪͽҲǲɵһĵĸо


1197 ʼӡ
е˶Ƿɳ֮ɫ˵ĽšߣҲһǰУɫֻ̤ţ΢΢˻
ڣɳɢҲӰһݵӣбŵģȴǸոһŲ£ȴûĳǡ
ֹͫסݺеĺ˽ɫ󾪣š
ȻܴӼ֪˾ȳǴǡ
Եģ֣
оâһؿҲǲ˿ͳࣺϷ˴βǰһˣӲӣҪϷ
ûǣ׿ֻḧһ³ȻڵӣɫһƬű㽫תˣȴŵ⣺ϼһǻҶ֣ǲˣ
ߣԲѣܴϷн˾ߣȷ͡ôһԲѵСѾͷ׸ҪĶ೸֮㲻ɡ
ݣ
԰Цǻ£һâӵһѪرʮ֣գۼ䣬ʧΪһ̯⣬˵ˡ
ÿ죡
ֹͫסݺһʧɫߣҲɫһŵؿ׿
˿ĽϷԷӦֺ˿콣ȻҪʰĻʼ˰ɣ
㡭ηʥ
һΣʳ仰֮У΢ļɵ־塣
ûлش׿ֻһ̣¶컡ȡǺͳǳ͵ػȻָ׿³ˣǰǳֵѾͷǸµĹ

ָһӣǺͷ˲仯Ϊ룬ûϢ
׿ЦſˣȻ˭ģΪ
ཹཡ
һܵĭ˷˽׿ĺȻʱǱߣԸ
ͷͬ亹ת˼ŶԲߡ׿ҡҡͷⶼҪǺã
콣գ
һ⣬׿һ֣ռʱɢһĺ͵һͣҲֺܶ
ô£
˴˶һۣе˶һֹס뾪졣ߣҲɫأ΢΢˶ӣϾǻʽ׸֣Ȼûһ㣬ȫҲЩӲԴɫҲֹס£¸̡
˾֣ͨҲ׾ܽͬȼ͸һĻߣ˲ס
ʲô˰ôϷʥô꣬ûôһأ
ؿǣ׿ȴԽԽôҪ˵𣿲˵ĻҿɾͲˣɾȫû˰˵ո˭˵ҴһѾͷгģԸǣõȫԸ𣿺ǺǺǡ
˵ţ׿ǻӶ˫ָǿĲɢ
ȵȣ
ȻʱȴǴһ˵ҲǵϼˣξηУ֪ˣҲ⴫ɡϾйذ˻֮ĶԹû˭ϣ֮У
΢΢ͷ׿ÿɷ
ʾ⣬߱Ҳģħʴ˴νɱϼڵӣΪеıϽյΪᰳεľ۱Уһڤͼ˭õлҵڤ۵гƵۿܣҲʥ֮СϼڵıߣûбﾺۣҲһ֣
ŶԭˣҲµòô
Ȼصͷ׿ޱ飬һ֣һƬȵ˱͵ػ˷ЩոջӲˣһ£ȫ֮УΪûϢʮ֣գۼ䣬ȫûһ
˫ͫݺߵ󾪣ŭ㡭ʲôҶѾʲôˣΪλҪ
ǰˣ͸£û˵ͼҾͷŹǵģ
ػһаЦݣ׿ЦһǣߺߣΣ
ǰǰɡ
˫ȭ߬߬ҧгݣ˫Ŀͨ죺ʵдϷԸ㽻棬۽ֵöѡѵΪϷһʽ׸֣ûһս𣿡
䣡
䣬ߵ͵һ𣬵ʱ׿ǱĺռѶһɳ졣ţеᶯӡȫҲǲϴ͸ȳʼӡã
ৣ
âʢߵĸֳһֻʮɳӰͬʱռһѹҲȫѹ棬ֻգʱ䣬֮ϣһɢâķӡ̨ߺӰȫ棬һ
ۿһУ׿Цһÿɷ
ףǻʽ׸ֵͨԼϿռѹγɵĻʼӡǹ룬ˮ֣ӿռ䷨һӡ£ѣҲû취ֹԣڻʼӡУܷӵ쾡£
ߵĻʼӡǹãԣӡڶֵҲӰɡ
Ȼǽɫӡֵ̨һɲǣɫĹâ׿ȫҲһ̣һ঺ХҲԺ˼һ㱣Ҳҡҡ׹
ߺߺߣǸѣܿƿռ֮ѵκεϷʼ𣿡
һЦгɱ⣬һǸɫӡ̨ವһݺ׿ȥСӣ񲻶ϷǰҸǲɣ
ףƣ
°һ׿֮ͫУɫ׵ʱͬʱԺռ䣬ҲǶʱա
ʱ䣬ЩɫĹâһƬգ֮ȫΪޣ׿ҲǺٴ¶â
̧׿һת˲Ľɫӡ̨׿һ̣֮ͫУɫ⻷ʱߺߣʼӡȻ޼᲻ݡ֮ƣҲҪ˱˰ɡ
ͫڶأƿգ
ݣ
һȣһֲĺɫ˲仮һڵֱֱͨǽӡȥ
üͷֹסһ߲󾪣ʲô
䣡
ǣĶʲôһڵĻ棬˲Ľӡ֮ϣȻƿ֮һ·ƽ˲͹ᴩӡһ뾶һףʮɳԲ
ۣ
һѪˮ͵ߵɫͲҰȻĻʼӡܣˡ
⻹ҪģҪǣɫ׿ɲǽӡ򴩾µġǽӡϲȼգµһ¡

·Ǹ㣬ǺڽӡһգҲ꣬ʹ಻Һʹ裬ʹ࣬ȴϡˣ۵öˡ
Ȼ䣬߲ͣģ׿ȴĮ֮ΪӡȫճңҲʹ֮УʧϢֻŤɫȴκһˣ¶ֹסһݡ
⾿ǳ˶ʹ࣬Ż˱׳
ǰû÷콣һֻѣҪģ
׿Ťʬǰ΢΢һЦָһһŴͷ­С


1198 ĳ
δδ𡭡
ɽһƬŢеѪ밹࣬ˢøɸɾ˿档Уɢ㡣
һʪɽεˮǼʯͣ£һ޴ʯǰһŮӣüͷ壬˵֮˫⡭
ףǣˣ
ʱһԵ׿ǰһȥٺһЦû뵽ɣҾ㡣ôǲǸ˰ǺǺǡ
ң
лЩɣ۾ϸϸǰ֣һУ׿ȴɻ󲻽⣺ôȵңԷɶЩʽ׺ְ
ʽס
װһ㶣׿΢΢ʼ磬ãûǰԼˣһ·׷Ϳһ˵ϣ֪ʲô¡ǣұ㽫㱳ˣʲôû
۾΢΢꣬ҲЩˣʱɷģҪɱҰһ赹ǰѾ˰ѽŲҵԴѵ˵֮ûҪĶ;뿪ˣ
ţֿ׿·ѯ
׿ȴ΢΢һʼ磬ÿɷ죬ʾҲ֪Ī
˰죬벻ףǱҲȥˣֻԼоգˡ͸ü׷ѰʦǵĽŲˡ
ѽ
ȻҪ϶뿪ʱȴǺиһʹһΣֵڵϣƤ鴤
׿ˣæǰס֪ʵôˣ㲻Ҫɣ
ˣһʱˣ
ʹ֮ɫǴӽָȡһöɫ裬ȥһ̾ˣ˵׷ʦˣܷʱᰳǶˣ
תת׿һЦٺٵʲôⲻǰ㱳ңұ㣡
㣿
ǰֲշУܣҲͣͲǰǿɣ
˵ţ׿ǲɷ˵ڳһУǿн˱ϣһڵ㣬ЦѽŵڲͬζһһӣԶǣˣ

һ췢ǺݺԴߺ죬ŭϹ˵ʲô˭˭š
ඣ
˵
ڲǣҲǣܲҵĵģٺٺ١һЦ׿ץץǷ˫ȣ̧̧ǵһŵǰȥ뿪
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Ǻ׿İ֮ˣһ·ǰУʱ̽һı
ˣǣ˭ģãǣճ𣿡
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ޡԭˣ
Ȼصͷ׿ˣԼǸˣΪԼǵúܵԼҲǣʱֻǡ
ˣ㸸ĸأʦûҵ㸸ĸ𣿡
ԣǶʱصԴ̾ʦ˵޸ĸʱֻһ˶ѡԣһֱ룬л뿪ţһҪȥһԼ
𣿡
ûУ
ҡҡԴһͷɥӡ׿оâһ˼ƽϣ΢΢һЦôҰɣ
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ôҵüͷ΢΢һ׿Цһ׿ϴô꣬Ȼʵãôʶɣ˳ưҲʲô£СϢʲôħʦ棬޻ʼǧķ£ҿ֪һ
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úúãҲ˵ˣ˭ûʱû˵εԴ׿мƲƲ죬۵ȴֹס
ϹôĹרŽǱŸһ⡣ǰ£ǰһúòˡ
һֱ˼£׿·ϱҲĬ࣬ǼˣʱЩǣôˣ
ŶûУԶģ΢΢һЦ׿
ϻһȻ²ЩһŴŵҸ֮Դǿǿıϣʰݡ
׿ҲǻƳƳ¶οЦݡ
׿һ·죬ǵҲǺõòˡʱȻԼж׿ֵ𣬵֣ⱾĶЩ벻ĸоټ׿ô򣬷Ҫָ·
Ҳ;¿ԼĵΡ
һֻǱշСºᰳ֣ӳ˶˵
ǣ֣ĳǳأͷһμ磬۶Ǻ棬׿ȴǹʵΣд˿˿аĹâ
ǣᰳʥĶĳǡСطǾ۶ʥءǳǳľ۱ԷǸׯ԰νױˣ
ףǶĳǣⲻ߱ڵؽ𣿽ĵط
ǰ߱ڵȷǽĵطǵԶĶͽ˳ƶĻʣ⽻֮Ҳ͸ĲˡףҪô㱻ӣҪôȴûһιƽ鷢
ʲô
һ㶣һ죺ûйƽף˭Ҹİǰ˻֮һ˭Ӯ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ĶͽǿġǸģûаʤĻ˭ٸأһͽûжѣ񲻼įˣԣƴʱ򣬶ĻˣٴҲƽϣ˽أǶϵĹءأĳҲû˹ˣ
Ȼص˵ͷǻȻȻǰһЦ׿Ĺ𣿺ǺǺǡûаɣôôģòҲûʲô룡
ҸĹ
оâһ׿¶Цݣһ׹һ似Ӯˡǿҹſϰ似ң
΢΢һؿ׿һۣȴĪ
һ͹Ǿߣ׹˼Ҷ似ţҲûôİɡ
룬׿ҲǽãȻһЦҡԴǣҲŰ浣ûߣ㱻ˣڰ˼ʯأ
㡭ƭң
һ㶣ǵʱ壬Ȼ㽿Ц׷׿ֳһţ׿ҲǺеøŮһϷ
ʱһ΢ЩŭϸȽУȴǵʱ쳹ڶ˶ߣǣڸʲô


1199 ĳ¹
÷÷ʦ塭
ֹסһǵһת׿ȥ󣬸淺֣ոջúöӣ˲㽩Ӳͬһ˴СƵģίصԴŵòҶ
Ǹʮϸʽڸ֣ۣȫطӣݺݵŶˣŲʮ㡣
ݰҲֻһСˣ׿ħͷȴǰ㲻ġ
÷ãǻûôߣɨˣ
бƳƳ׿ЦһмƲƲ졣
÷ǺܿǰųǲţǸŷŮһ湫ӣһָ׿ţǣ˭Ϊϼڵӣ֮ͥ£һɺͳ
ʦ壬ǡһ󵨲ЩΣ֪νܡ
ʱȴǽЦһʦ壬СӾǸɽҩ֮ͽˣûʲôˣǰǲŸռֻû뵽Сӻͦ͵İ仨ͽʦùˣһ·ֻʦðˣҲõġС˻һ𣬾ͼʲôǺǺǡ
һŮҲǸЦ
ʦ㣬ǱᣬǡһǸæͣԽţȴԽͲ塣
÷üˣҲǴ󼱣ǣô£㵹˵Ҳ֪ʦϣ󣬿ɱСϷͿǰ;
ʦ壬ҡҡ
ʲôңֱӸǾˣ
Ȼ°죬û˵һ׿͵ǰһ˲ץ裬ǰֺ˼Ѿҵˣ鷳Ժ㣬򡭡
Ӳһе˿һУ´󾪡÷ãŵָųǣָڷǣ㡭Ѿ
ûûУʲôûУ
һƬͨ죬ǼĿڳݶ˾ȻŭĿ׿Ϲ˵ʲô˭ˣҪôǰҺòãҾʲôʱˣҪô˼Ůף
ʼ磬׿ÿɷ񣺡û㰡㱾ҵˣڲǣԺҲǣû˿Ը
üͷ΢û˵Ȼɾ̬ͨһƬĵȴǱ׿Եļˣǲ֪λشˡ
һ͹ǾСӣҲ׷ǵϼڵӣģҲֲ㰡ߣ⣡
ʱĴЦһĵسһۣȻֿӢӣЦǽƹĵӣ˽ͨ𣿡
΢΢һЦбƳƳˣҲǲмҽƹĵУûɵӣ˻֮¡˵ʦԾֻСأ
ף˵ö԰ô˵ʦû֪֮ˣЦһǱģһᡣ
ίõԴһԡ
÷üˣ̾͵һǱ۰򣬱㽫ˣѾͷ컹Ӷ˶ò𣬻ȥ˼ȥ
ûзǾôߣ
ǣ㲻µģʲôʱңҾǶһë׿ˣҲֻ֣ǶŶңңԶȥıӰȡ
龰ǷǼЦСӣ㻹ûְſʲô£ֵĻֱȥ÷ʦʦŶˣҪȥĻڶûˣʦƢɲã
λ̨մûȥ׿ֱǸһֱڷߵӡ
һ㶣˲⣬Цһ֪к°
ûʲôֻеҸҪ֪һ
һаĻȣ׿ĵŮģ룬Ķ˲ŻĶûõģǺǺǡ
˵ţ׿תȥֻһķŮкȻ΢΢ڵء
ãſʵСʲô˼
ûʲô
Ƥһ飬ƺЩȻܹȥ㾶뿪ˣȴһ졣
Ѿ鳡֡ŮĶ˾Ķʵ̫еˡո䣬ԭҪСʦԶʦţͶͱ
ʣ˭ÿжأǽ֣֮ŮԸ뻳ʱһ˽¾ͳˡ
ߣʵǸߣ
ֻǡܰѾͷ㵽ΣԵϼڵ׷ɱƾǵУӦ
ӦΪγУ˼ŹϵǸ֮ˣ³ç嶯֮
벻ף³ɻؿԡⰢôˣС˵߶߶ģǼˡ
һ棬÷ýǴᰳǵŵأݺһ飬ǰ
˵ˣ·һ·ģֻ·ûʲôĹϵ
ʦ壬ûУ
ʲôңѵԺҪ
ǾûаɣӴ˸£Ǹæҡͷϣ÷ų̾ϢûоͺãǣʦİӣĪҪʲôʦ֮²źá£ȻֻǸᣬǾ˰ɣֻԺҪټˣ𣿡
ǣЩίǼɤӵ
صͷ÷˻֣ó뿪ˣȥɣϢ죬ױҪʼˣڤͼһڱصã
ǣһͷ޾ɵĳȥˣ÷ؿȥıӰҲ޿κεҡԴŮ˼Ǹøµʱˣ𼢲ʳһЩ֮ͽƭ˲źá
ͬʱ׿һ򣬰ĵͼʾһռĹԺǰ⻹Ԫְؿš
ˣ
оâһ׿̤ҪȥȴǱˣһ棺վסᰳǹסصأ˵ȣý룡
ÿҾĹ
㣿´ãǶȴЦ˰ɣһ͹һصඣӹ
ˣÿ
ңһ˱˴˶һۣٿ׿ȴǵʱЦСӣ㻣ûһᰳǵ¹󣬶̶ʱ䣬ʮʥʯĴңԲǳ԰˼Ҹƣ־˶ʮأ
ɫ΢΢һ׿ʧЦҡҡͷǺã˽гз
ƾʲôôĿ˼һϵĴڣҲ䣿
׿ܼң
ȻǶһۿ˵͵ض׿ĭʱһȴǶ𡣽ţǰ׿Ǽ֮ɫ׿ܼңڵˣһûɷϷˣ

һͣǶ˵ʱɵˣȻһЦؿλʶ
ֹʶҴܼңԺӷ㡣׿ܼҵǶҵ裬һǳ˵ģ
޺һ٣һ׿۰Ц׿ܼңѶһǴǮϧͲˣ
ܺãױᣬڱصãоâһ׿Цһһ뿪
ֻŵĻɵɵؿŶ뿪ıӰһ飬ȴôҲ벻ףнã
һǿļ壬ôһ͹ǾСܼأҿ˼ƺͦƵġ


1200 ױ
պᰳλõľ۱ԷȺϢз䣬ҲдԹе˶ǳױġ
˵ױʵҲ͸ĲһˡΪеı۵չʾˣںڰУ֪Ϊؾȡ۸ߵã
ԣе˿ܻ˴ʯȴֻûһתͷеĿֻǲʮʯͶʣӮһ޼֮Ӵ˷ɻڴ
ǶĲȤоմ̼һҹˬ죬κ˶޷ܾġ
еˣ룬һ죬޷ֹ̻Ի͵ĴڣԼΣԼλϣܿʮ˽·λõһչʾ̨ϣһϮµᰳǳҲ׼
ƽǳΣȴǴ˴ξ˾ǡ
ϾмƷʵ̫أӦЩӸظĴǣ
˿̧ۿ˿λãǾŸĹҲЩ
ô˵ŵģɶǴԼϰĻʣͬһȼ߻ģһãʱܰѳˣƽʱˮƽģʱʱģͷϲ亹ƽ顣
һˣδλôŵʱ򣡡
һڣ쿴˿ǽӰһֿۣ༸вЩǣ׿ܼңһ֣ɾ͵ڸʥ˻濹ˣ׼һ꣬ҪôǸᰳǳĻôĿɽЩˣǡ
ȻһЦ׿һʵĿϣÿɷ񣺡ȷ¶Щðգǻʧʧ˳˻֮һᣬʧȥˣͲ֪ҪȵˡУҲ˵𣿴С㣬Ľݹָʲô
˵ţ׿תףεؿŮ
ΪҴС㣬ô£¶˵ùȥ𣿡΢΢ʼ磬ҲһųϣӦ
ĽѩһۣѵüʶһʥĴʲôӣҾ͸ˣڿǷûʲôô
Ȼû㻹ʲô
ʱһԵİη۶߳ҪʥЩǣչʾǵʵɦŪ˵Ĺ׿ͺãʲôã
٣ô˵أ֪˭ǲǣ
ˣ
гķգ׿æڰ֣ϵȻˣһʶһɡʵС˵Ҳԣô£һܼҵȷ޷ȫҵ˼СҲȷʵ
ԣüͷһؿ˿ꡣȴһתԴ
һУֻҡԴʧЦ
ۣ
ȻڴʱһĴ졣ӵĻ᳡жʱһǳ΢Ц˳Ȼ顣
λεһǧٰ߰ʮĽױᣬڿʼᣬһףδУһθı˵ĻᡣѵüزǻʲôϽóǵУͶǵıɣ

һ޺Ⱥ鼤
ôڣƳǵĵһϳ
ţǳһмһС̨ϣֻǳϸźڲȴ˭澿ʲôֻгһˣĵؽ飺һŮԣ˷һ˿˴ʧɫı޷˾Ĵڡô⾿ʲôأ
˫Ŀе˶̨ϣ²ų˵ıǺǺܲӡ
ǻһصĻȣѹɤҲ֪Ҳ֪Ϲأһ䣬ܾһͨäͶʼ۸ߵáزĪҪԼ˿ɣԼһٻ
ʮʯ
䣬ϱ˻ǣ˻£˴һʯⶫҪˡŮԣ˷񣬱ضǷ
򣡡
Ȼܿ죬̨±˽۸̧屶
ԣ˲ʱһƬȻ󿴿ԼǷܸžͶеĺɰĹģȴҲЩ֪òøһֻһͨ񲻿ˣ
ڣ׿·ǼֵˣЦһԱߵǶĻʵж̧۵ģûʲô˵ģҲ̧ôߣ
ΪΣ
߼ͼȻϧȴ򣻵ͼ߼˷Ḭ̄ôĻʾǿһֱӵģȻףƫƫϾкܶ˳ףû취ǺǺǡ
ЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷһҲǶͷЦǰֻǲ֪ĸɵҪϵˣ
ɵϣ⻹˵𣿵Ȼˣ
һ㶣һɻ󣺡׿ܼң֪Ǹ֣ǻҪ𣿡
Ȼ˭أȻĻһڣʥʯ񲻰ˣ
һЦ׿ĳʥ˻ʣ۸ڶôܸ׽أȻɵǮ࣬ƭ£ˣ˭Ը㵱ѣ㡣Щ˵ļֵȫû
Ȼص˵ͷһЦ޵׿ܼңóԶ
ˣȻˣ۰ɣڵˣ
˰򣡡
ãǾͳһǧ
һǧ򣡡
Ȼ׿ڣһǴӲԶһڴ˲һİ
Ƥ΢΢һ׿תңңһۣૣʥ˻ʣ
ǿɲĻʺĵģҲûôʯӻĵͼؼ
һ棬ǸǧʯİУһü΢΢ƳһԵɫһ࣬߳
ȴ΢΢һЦÿɷʦĪҪŭʦֶΪ˹һѣ׬⣬ҶˣֻҪ˾ͺãᶯʦһһ
˵ţת׿һۣһԵķһۣ¶΢Ц
ǷҲһٿʦǣüûҷˣôﻶģôĽɣ
ŮҲ΢΢ͷ¶Ŀ⣬ֻгƲ֣ƺڷԼ׿Ĺϵ
԰ǳúܰܿҪˣǺǺǡ÷üˣҲֹסЦ۾Цϴ׿֮£ȫ̬ͬȡ
£ȴһ̾Ȼһ֣СԵߵߺߣʯǰЩϣڤͼʱʲôӼۿܣ
Ϲţ˼ƶˣ
ǰüüͷһܲйؼС˵Լװֺγʣ˵Ƕĳǣжؼֲǲ֪һӼ۵󣬶ʲˣһһ㣬ȫӻˣһôžۣ
Ǻߺݺݵһۣʾ⡣
˼ȴΪ⡣
ôܲɱģСųѹǸСѾͷĿ˽ӾôʯһЦһ
˽к̨ģѵϼڵĴʦ۽£Ǹڳʯʲô˵ģߺߣ
ǧ򣡡
Ȼ¶ЦݣҰڣ׿ʱ˸ߵļ롭


1201 
Ƥ΢΢鶯һ£ɫתۿ˶ǰᴦҧصʦ壬ķ˰
ŶǸҰɡ
΢΢һ۾ȴһϲĳҲĸĴֻĳдң÷ˮģǸɣ£
£
ߺߣû͸Ҹ˻ʵҪǶˣ۽˵Ķ飿
Ǻͫһٴδǧ򡭡

һæȴסϧѾˡ˾ôʢܲ˿̼ء
ǧʯۣһãôȫӳȥˣΪһ֪ʲôĹȴƤգһ¡
߼ˣһҡͷ̾Ϣܼǿϵɫ
ǣٴͬŽҫһ׿ǸڣȴƮƮ¼֣ʥʯ

һʯǧˣڵȫȻˣһɴ˫ۣ׿صİᣬнǾ𺧡
ǧʥʯ˸֪ʲôĶȥѾǶĲȫǮ˰
ľʲôˣ
ҲǺһƤ飬ڷϣУˣֻܺ޺޵ؿǸᣬ޵ֱ
ѾѾ޵ģҾʲôˣӳǧʥʯǵʯǴôȻȱʵӻ£ʵд
ʦһ¶棬ȻҲЩ죬ջǳ³һǻȻЦݡ
ãܼӱֹˣϷοǺǺǡ
¥ҵĸλǵȷǧʥʯõƺҲǱһǳ˼ٴȷһ
ʱڳҲ붢Ǹ䣬ȴ˵Ļش
ܿ죬ǷдһЦˣֻʥʯ֮нмۣҲȫʥʯ
䣡
ʱ䣬᳡ˣе˶澪ǰ᲻ţһֹסֱ˵Ҳƺƴ󣬲ۺԶѰû뵽Ȼܲƴ̶ֳֵȡ
ֻǵһ־ۣʥʯ֮ȫʥʯĻ˻ôȣ
һʱ䣬˶ʼOO@@ͷӶɫ΢ˡһûκʤ㰡
ɨɨȫڣǳȻȻҪ̣飺Ʒϲҳǧʥʯûиߵˣ
Ĭе˶һĬ
ûˣǳʣ˷ԡ
ǳٴ˵󣬼˾ۣãôŮ˳ԣ˷Ķ͹ˣ
䣬ǳһ˦֣ĺڲҿȴڷһ֧ͨ貣ɢ߲ϼΣһʮ˿͸Ϻ飬ڳ˵˫ͫһ˲䱻סˡ
ЩŮӣ¶Ϊ񡣷·ǶйħڶһƲ顣
߲Σɴһٰʮľ죬ϸÿ飬ϽУֵǡΪŮӣܹöΣӺݻ޲ɷ
ʱǳʼܣֻöγװ⣬ûʲôʵЧáλӺǣôһ֧пõĶȥƻڵóӶ˰ɣǺǺǡ
һڳˣҲ뷢ΪȻĴЦд󲿷ҲӣЩŮǣε񣬻ɳ
ǵϼڵŮ÷̫ţʱ˿̶Щ͸˵ЩСˡ
΢΢ҧҧ촽޺޿һۣԹûãôһζ򲻻
ãҺû򰡣ôһͷΣ˿⣬ʲôðһʯֵɣ
ƨþãҾҪݺݵһۣˣСƢһԣҲ΢΢ͷ¶һ˿Ľ˵ȷǲֵ̫ôʯҪܴһξͺˣ
㣿
һһЦݼֻëҲɲ˷ˣ
΢΢죬įصԴ
ʱǳεļֵֿҷЦȻˣӢۣˡǸոյ٩۵ͣվӽǶ϶ԣŮӡС֮ˣȻۡҲĵοɲֵֻöѣֱӦĹˣ͵Сȥ
ǣ
һ䣬ϱ˹س̣ȥ
һ·ϣ貵Ĺâ򣬼еŮӣһʵ档
Ȼʱǰȴٴηһȣţ
ô
Ұ֧Σ͵ϼڳСϣ

أȻ䣬ȫٴը˹һۣ˴ţȻɻĿ⣬˵ϼǸᴦ
ҾȻֱӽǧʥʯµı͸˵ϼڵˣʲôѵǵϼʵ
һʱ䣬˽ͷӶٴɧ
ǵϼڲҲһĪ࿴˿ԴǷȲؿ÷õʦ壬ҡǵˣ
һ£Ҳǽţһ˫ȭֹס߬
Ҫⵤϼڻôֵ֧Ļľ̫Σˣ
֪ûԮ˰Ҳȫǲ⣬÷ͬԡ
ʱһߵ죬һλУ˹һݵλǰ֪λǹ
ৣ
еˣˢˢ˳Լɵãɵؾ֣ƺδӸոյлع
΢΢һЦȻ㹪ǰ̳ϵعոѾˣλүСת͹Цɣ
ޣ
ƺеز񣬳һͣӲֱۣҪҿǺڲǻ֣һֻƣǿ磬৵һ½Ǹǲÿ¶ǾµΣֱ̧
һ䣬һǵħƣת˹ȥλ㲻ǳǹǲܰѶ㣡
ǵϼڴʦ㷽ȻѶǵϼڣΪβãеļ֮ȼգݺݵ˳һۣҧгݡ
аЦһ˲ÿɷ񣺡Ҵү£Ȼָ֮ˣǶĳǹءոүָǵϼС㣬ɲֻǵϼ֣
㡭
ˣûֹ𣿶ۣ
˫ͫһɣҪȴǱ÷ôһֹȻֿǣ΢Цǣ˼Ҹ°ɣ
һϲ΢΢ͷȻ߹ĳʵ£貵Σ嵽ͷϡ
ɲǼ䣬Ȼ˿ֻգ۹ǽϼĳ£ƽС˲޲ɷ


1202 ̨
ǣҵˣ
һ棬׿ȣһûɣڵϼڣȷ
΢΢Դ׿³һǰǲɰϼڻô죬Ҫҳ⳸βˣ
ǡҪϲ㡭
ЩΣ૳༸ŮҲɫЩȻһУ׿û⣬ֿϣǺȻڵϼڣأЩŹ֡ڵϼڸ̽һ£ǰûʲôܾϹţʲôͼıľٶ
õģ׿ܼңİɣ֮Ҿȥ
ţ
ͷ׿üͷڰ˼š
ʱ̨ٴǳ߰ˣλС㣬ǰһƷѾλģǵĵڶƷԱȵһҪöࡣˣѶ
ǧ򣡡
Ȼʱһٴ
ǳ͵һ̧׿ҰᣬƤֹסȡһûء
ؽܣҲҪˣ
䣡
һ绮ڳ˶ʱٴɧ˵һƷ£ǻгܵǵݵĻοʲôֱ֪ӳ»ˡһֻһתͷǧʥʯϧ
תһ룬һ
һ˼Ҳƴҵ󣬾ǲϧأؼǣжҵôǮ
һʱ䣬˲ٽ˼ǼĶƷϣȫעҵˡ
壬ηʥ
ǳҲЦǰ̣䣺ƷҪӼ𣿡
û˻شе˶һĬӦԡ֪ǸʲôûУǧʥʯðյ飬˭Ҹ
ãҴүƷ
ǳٴһô⾿ʲôأĿԡ
͸ϼС㣬лл
ǣ˵꣬׿ٴδȳһ򣬲ˤ̨ȥȻһεؿصİᣬʧЦѵͲ뿴ʲô𣿡
Ҫж͵СǶûаֳɣ׿
һ֣ǳҲΣӻ֣Щ߰ѸĶٴȥеˣǶûȻĿȥˡ
ʷᰳУͷһη顣
ϼЩ˼ˣҲȫɵˡҾ˭ӶذѶƷ͸ǣѵ˵ֺţѰɽ
ţ϶ֻΪεֻһˣǸСĵӣ
һ㣬ȴЩ벻ͨˣ
ǺЩڰеĶƷһһ̨ȥǸոյ·㱻׿һ۸סˡȻ󣬰Ϲأȫ͵˳
Ȼ䣬Сʲôûƽ޹ʵһѱȴЩסˡ
ЩĲ۵ǣôһǰҲһʱͣʸûˡ
ΪеĶƷһϣֵĻᶼûСڶĿ˵ȴЩߡΪһ룬׷ĶĿͣĶ࣬ҲĲң²İ
ߵģǳ䵱˾ǵĳˡ
Դ׿ƢˣжƷһϺȴһĻ˵ˡ󶥶䣬һϹ
һ˾˵ȴĪ󱯴ߣ
ڣжƷѾȫǳҲչ۷磬ɤӵˣǵѰﶼ꣬ȹϲǵĹңΪʢƷôǱʷʢ䣬ʥ˻ʣԱһƷڤͼսڳҲԲֻҪӡʵ
ʲôͰ˻ʾ
һĻᣬҪһУϮҵһͽҲֵˣֻһʹѡ
һ˻еȴǶһһݣȫһš
Цɣ˻ʶģⲻҪô
һʱ䣬᳡ѻȸе˶ǳбƳƳǣһЦȻֿͷϺȻĬǷһۣǻ֮ɫ
ЩʵǰҲû˰ɣߺߡ
λ˻ʵĴǶĻʴرҪλǵĶǰӮŵͼˣΣ
£ϱ̧һŴ̨߰ϡǳ΢΢һЦӶ棬ӽָóһŻɫĵͼһϣȻҪׯˣ
¥ϵĹڣʱȻ½½÷Ҳһֻ˵ɫЩơ
ȫˣҲ淺ɫһοЩһһ¶
Ļʴʲô˼Ǹĳǳų𣿡
ǰǺôͷڴ֮ͥͷ¶棬˴أѲɣĻʴչʾһԼ磿߻ʵҪǣű𣿡
һЦֵǶǰһ£ɧʵĴۣվ
΢΢һЦǳÿɷ񣺡λŭȻ˶ĳǣȻǶϼˡڤͼλϾǶĻʴˣҲڤ۵ˡ
ǻǡ
ģ
оâһǳ¶һаЦݣǲǣǣֻҪӮ¾У
۾һ£÷һͷãôķ
ѰķλضۣôǾͶ⣬˭ܲжԷյף˭ʤǴƽˣׯʤ
ǻЦǳȻ
գ
תת˻࿴˿ǵ˵ͷãͲգ
Ǻãôǿʼɣ
һ£
ȻҪϿʱһȴǶһ뿴ȴﲻǱˣǸᡣ
ټһӣξģҲ룡
ʲô
󾪣ڳеٴηҾȻҸ˻棬𣿻˵˼иı
ǰ˻ʴҲֹסüͷһ׷ײ²Էĵǵ֮ټǰǿֲĲ
ѵ˵Ǵʥɽģ
һʱ䣬ǰ˻ʴҲأس
ǳڳЦˣټһϯλ֮ϣ˿ɲ룡
ǣŴԣּһλе˶ǸλĪĹâǰ˻ʴҲһ
һŵ̤ҵ߳˰ᣬ˵ǰ
ǣϤӰʱǺ͵ϼڵŮȴһ㶣Ƚе㣿ô
ǰҵˣȻҪͬСһǰˣʲôֵ𣿡΢΢һЦ׿ǰ棬Щ˵͸صĹâ˿﾿ʲô


1203 ׯ
Щ磬˻㱣ǽ׿ţԽԽס༸ŮҲˣʵ벻ͨ˲Ĵ壬ô׿ô͹Ǿȥأ
ףҲף׿ǾǰǹŵȻ΢ЦǵǣղЩܵ𣿡
ҵġ
ǰΣϲ𣿡Цһ׿̾Ǹദʱж̣һ֪ʲôϲãҲû취ѡֻȫ£Լˡǲϲģ˾ǣϲģһҪң´ٸѰ
ˣͦõģڰ֣˫һ죬ɬصԴһۡ
ؿ׿΢΢һЦͦãЩʲôܶԼûи굥´ٸѰһ
ˣƷѵġ
ߣʲôƷѣԾ˼ҿۣҪģűСӣ軨׷ӸĶѣΪڶ𣿡
Цȴֺּޣԣո˼˾ǰײҪЩûСӲ֪ǰ˵ʲôûŵõЩȨ΢ĩУôǧʥʯð춫أ
ǰСӾã˼Ҵ˼ҿϣȥС˶ѣʸҵʯͶ
ʱҲõʦãȰ㻹Զ㣬ڲߵһѵһֱ𣿡
Щί׿һֿۣʦ㣬ʵҲͦõģЩģҲһ⡭
ʲô⣬ñ˲ҪĶ㻶ģ⣿ɵѾͷôôأ
ݺݵһۣתλϵ÷õʦ壬ʦ˲磬ǲǸùܹˣ
Ƴ׿һۣ÷û˵ֻǿǲԶȵҵСѾͷǲǸùܹūţз
ϣλţǲ˩ӣĸҷˣ˶䶼徻۶ѷ༥
Ǵ˻һ᳡ٴһȻ󲨡
ҾȻҸ˻֮һĵϼ̧ܣʵ̫ţ˰ɣʲô
÷ýҲǵһαСѾͷô裬ȴŭͷ𣬶򵨱һһӣһǿƣݺѹȥѾͷõ
ৣ
һӰ˸ǰͬһƷһ÷õݺײһ𣬷
÷úݺݶ˶ӣ´󺧣˼ؿȥȴҲ΢΢һ÷õִֺͺɫ
̫ţˢӣ
Сôܡ
ͫ÷ϸϸΣȴԽԽ˼ˣҲ˼֮ɫĵ׵ķָ߿֡
Ҫ֪÷ÿȷȷʵʵĻʽ׸֣ȴֻڶѡˣ˻ƴ˸¡
Ҹ˻ûеİ
λ˻ʵĴ³ٸ֮ģ̨µĹڣҲһľսٴ
ٿϹص񣬷ǿĿתųǵ׿ŭȵ׿ܼң鶼ǳģԼ椣ʲô˼
ǰ׿ܼң˵Ҫ³һѣǲġûһЪţСϳİҲؿЦֻЦУŵɬ
ʲôܼң
̲סһǲ˼ؿ㡭ҹܼң
ˣҲ¶֮ɫȫסˣ
һ͹Ǿһܼңôܣ˵ʱ򣬲ʵ
һٸͣ
¶һǸЦݣ׿ǻӻ֣æתã뿪ˡ
׿ʱλСʮȻرóµλֽλһλã׿£Թ֮⡣
һ£ڳ˲ţȷҹܼңؼ壬һ֮£֮ϵĴڡ
ǣΪΡ
ǳؿ׿һۣҲãȻ֪Է󣬲ʵΣܵ
ǣǳҲ΢΢һЦ޵׿Ϊ
˿ˣľѿʼɣ
ʹ죡
΢΢ͷǳ°һȻ㿴ϰ˵ȻλĿͽұһ´˴ξĵĹءȣȲԽߵˣгԽ࣬ԽʸףΪׯҡ͵ˣҪһӮׯңܼһ־ģһˣѪ޹飡
۾΢΢һУ÷ò⣺ʲô˼
ܼ򵥣ׯģ
аЦһǳĵȷǶóҵıҪмֵĻôҾׯңҪҶġӮˣҰѱﶼ㣬һ˶ģֱӮеˣǻʤߣ
΢΢һݣ˽Ǵ󾪣ô˵Ļڸ֮ǰҪɱеıܶ㣬һУ
ȷ˭ҵڤͼ޼֮أ۶ٱû취ȣȻׯҡ֮ǰǾʤɡӦףȶĵҲкôҲʱˣׯܣǺǺǡ
ɫһһ˺޵ҧгݡĻʵ̫թˣַڲƭ˵ɱһѪ޹飬ʲô̲
ͼģбҲˣ˷۱
ģֲʣǿڤͼ
ǿĻֻ𲻱Ҫˣ˭ûôϾľ¼ᲢۣؼͿã㻹һҵء
ΪһĪеĶɸ꣬ʵΪǣ
ţ˳һͷ
ãƴˣ
ৣ
һ߲ϼյǰ÷ýǶ̨ϣҵϼ֮ϽյƷ߽ʥ
ħʴҴħȭצƷ߽ʥţһڷҲóһƵצ棬ƺЩΡ
ϾϽյǵͶ࣡
׿ˣȴƤֹסһγ̾һ
ⶫΪͽ߳ɾͣû뵽ֿˣ
Ȼ༸˻ʴҲ׷óԼıƷʥƷĿǰΪֹ߽׵ģȴԽʵķ˻𽣣Ʒнʥ
˲뵹һȻϼһڶׯˡ
ֻϼһҲãıóġ
Ȼţǳǰչ׿֪ң˴εľ֮ǡ
һ壬ʯǲȱδˣǳ²ܻụ̂óߣмƲƲ죬
΢΢һЦ׿Ϊ⣬ָһһ죬һ׺㶸óǰ˻񷡣ǴĿİ׹⣬ǻε۾ˡ


1204 ú
ϣ
ͷתһȦ˲ǳ֮ϣ¶®ɽĿһͨɢӨӨľų߳ǽϣŵۼףƣ
Ƥֹס˶ǳ󺧳Ʒ۷ʥһƷ£ʥҲǺټİ
ֹˣϸͽַӹ֣֮ѰƷʥɱȣʱüͷ΢΢һһ
æԴǳҲ̾СԼǣڽϵĸǷ켫ʥҲɲԣʵھˡ¼һƷʥأҲҪμ˰ɣ
Ŀ£ˣ
һЦ׿һָǽ뿴˲ϣһܸ㵽𣿡
²һǳٴϸһ۹տտˣŻȻ򣬾гѲɣǡۼ򣿡
һ˽ԾֻЩйۿ˵һ༸λ˻ʴҲֹסһŵؿǣþûز
ǾȻ˽ƬʥҪ
塭С㣬֪֪ӵ֪¡Ƥݺݳ鶯ǳͷֹס˽ᡣ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷذڰ֣˷ģǼȻóʥͲʮ۷壬һʽ׶Ҫǿõǵۼ״ѵǳص𣿺ǺǺǡ
ǰǰ
Цһǳһȴͨͨͬʱڳ˿ҵҲ߿һۡ
޽ưԵڣƣʥɽǣҾȻҷ˺ԣǱ󾿾Ǻأ
Ǻ¶⣬ȴֲԲ
ǳһۺ󣬲ŸЦһλҲ֪Ʒʥʥ̶ȣλбóҲȲҺͽһΪôڴ⣬һׯǽʴȻλԼұƣûɣ
ǻʲôĿƽĺܣ
һ䣬һɫߣֻħȭצһɫаĹӵţɴֲƷͽʥϷħʴˣһģׯ
аһЦҡһеĹȣȻͷðǱӾͻǧħȳɣ
ׯң
ãȻˣҾͲˣ
ž
һȣǹųһĳҳһ⣬ʵشǰƱʮűһ£ǲħʴ˸ɵģ
΢΢һǧħʹ˼˻֮γԣǲѾ壬ӥ𣿡
ǰôģǺ˫սһ󣬻ˣǿճĵ̣ȴħʴ˳ûˣνͣ
Щ˲ս֮֮࣬ܳ꣬бħʴˣʲôֵģ
ǰûʲôֵģֻ˫սһ˭ûõô߷ħʣƽǧؽ磬ô벻ͨ
ǻЦźݺݶǧħţ֣ҽһɱͼɻء£ﶼֻû֤ݣð̨˵ѡĻʴˣǳڶϹУ˵ٻɾˣ
˿ǧħת׿һǳȴǳɫĮҲǽƺг񡣺ȻҲ֪飡
ãҳϣħʴ˸ɵģֻҲΪ֮ǰ
Ͼͺãʲô˵ˣӮˣ
ǧħ³һǻ˵꣬һЦбǰһƣ֮ǹʴˣͬӥʴһȥħָģ׼ðɣߺߣ
Ƥ΢΢һ飬ǧħݺҧҧǶջأãһת棡
ǣ
ٶԣŵʱվ˱ȭֿǳлĻʴֹһˣ
˵ţͷҲص뿪
˼ˣһԺǲôĻðˣ

ǧħҲǺݺһӣߵˣǶĻʴ˵˼𣿡
ᣬĻʴֻ⣬λĶԹǧׯˣ΢΢һЦǳÿɷ
ǧħߣȴҲֻ¡
ĻһϢͨ¿϶֪ҲһֱϣǶû֤ݣҲûͷħʵĲ硣
ǽ죬ƵΣֻóˣȴǶ˷ѵĽڡ
ҲȫǰħʸһŵͼոǷϣʲôҲûˣȥֻķݶħʵĺǲ档
˿ٳ³ȻߵزǧħֻܼӮȥˡħʵҲǶ˷ѣŵͼȴһҪõ
ǺǰħӥʴǰȳϷׯɡ
һЦǴǸ׺ߣӦս
ǲò˵ǧħˢӵģŻӪӲһ·նеıҲԽԽ࣬ǵ˵ϼǰȵжǳ
ǳ˭壬֪𣿡һ㶣÷÷༥
һЦǧħҡҡԴҲ֪ǴƽˣׯңƽҲӮùɣ
һ䣬ǧħϽյСϼ˼ˣȴȫˡ÷øǼȵȣһûأ
ոѾˣǾ䷴ʲ𣿡΢΢һЦʼ磺ǶĳжһȻ˫֪ǴͣׯӮ
Ƥݺһ飬ŮĪضһۣǿ֮ɫ׿Ǽˣȴ̲סʧЦ
Ȼǰħ˰üǰбһƣݺݵص֣ϷҪˣã
ȵȣ
ǣ˵꣬΢΢һЦڰֵׯң
ã
Ϸǧʱмָ
⡭
һ㶣ǧħ˿ϵЬӣΣµʮɣû˵ܹʲôˣӦȫ
ǻһа죬ǰü߻һֻЬ¶ȱָֻͷȻоâһָһžһһֻѪܵĽָصڵء
ͷ亹ֱð߳ԳһЦϷǧ٣ֻоŸֺˡǧħ´ˣ
úݣ
²һǧħؿһۣЩʣһ֣бƵǰȥϼһУϷˣ
ͷׯҲǽӮǧħʤ
Сһˣ
˲ͷ亹Ѫܵһֻţת׿¶ǿЦݡǻӦģȴǵЦ


1205 ɽ
΢˿ǵϵѪգĿģϼڵһЩСһ㤵ס۾ô뵽Ͼĺ֮ˣԼ֣ô飡
Ƥ̧ߣ׿ٺһЦ˵Ĵݵǰôݰ
СһʶǳĶĶϷݵ˺£أԺԻھ;죬»ʺ̨ɣ
ǺǺǡѵǣֻһ鰡
ΪϷˡϾͼǽˣڱصðȰ㻹Ǿ˳ĺãСӼҼҵģ˵磬ǲᶮģЦһưؿ׿
ԣҲһĵؿ׿λǰ˺˫ȫһëͷСĶְֻϣǧǰӲܵ˺Ͳˣ
һľ⣬׿û˵ʲôֻ΢΢ƣ룡
Сһţ»ҪͷѪİǺǺǡȻһЦ߽ţֻֽ˵Ľ˳СһղŵһϷǧʱмֺ
аЦſ˿׿ĵǰǾŸʱӦҲǾŸɣ
ǺǺǡˣΪϷ򲻸ٶһָ𣿡
Цһ˫ָ£Ϻݺһ壬һѪָܵͷٴڵϡʹЦϣִˣǰ˸Ŷԣ
һ̾
ĿֻҪжָһһ˭ܲ¶ԣ
СåҲȷʵǶְ
ৣ
ȻʱһâѪӿһûӦʲô£һƬѪͬʱһĵʹҲǶֱĵס

ҽзһ򣬵ڵأϣѪ֮УȾȽš׿Į񣬻ǲ֪ʱеڳɢھ⡣
ѽǲ´ˣʶǳòǰԼĴҲǴİɡǧ٣ǰ˸ֺһҲûˣǺǺǡ
ֹסһ˿һĻǱĿɿڴ
ǽʴ߻ʵֻж͹ǾСӣôҡңôʵնһʽ׸ֵ˫ȣ
һʱ䣬е˶סˣǸɵˡǵһμ׿ӽɱ˵ӣһ˿ԥģĻƽʱǸĴСӣ
ʦ壬ʦû°ɣ
ǰ쿴ŭĿ׿㡭Ȼҡ
üͷһ׿ÿɷ񣺡ôˣȻλǰıľֽʲôܸĵģˣոһôУ
ͣƤһ飬ǳ׿ҲЩءҲû뵽ΪߵСӣȻˣ
һЦ׿ɢа죺ȻƽֻǸոһ⣬ģׯҳ˰ɣֻǡλòûˣ油𣿡
ߣСӣ˸ģ
ݺݵһۣҧҧҪǰȥӸնȴǺһͣת׿ȥȴѪеʦ壬ץ䣬Ǽɫ
ʦ壬㡭
㲻֣
ƤͣزһаЦݵ׿㷣ҧгݣϷոտˣʲôʶǳСȸһϼ޻ͺաСģ
ֹסһֱĶ䡣۷֣ôܶһ͹Ǿϣ
ӣҲһĪ֪λǰ⡣
ֻм˼ر÷ã׿һٰʮȻת֮⣬о졣
ʵǸոһ̫ɾ䣬û˿͡һԻʽ׸֣ͺһܹӵС
ѪУĥ֮ʬɽѪĥĽ档
ֻһ͹Ǿľ
ץţߴڴڴ˼ڴȻǲʣҧҧ䣬İɡֻСӣʶ֮ˣϷ򲻻ôưڸݵģҵţ
ʱ㣡
΢΢һЦ׿һתǳ˵ѣˣҪ𣿡
Ƥһǳ¶ǰδеĳأ׿ܼң֪Ϊִһˣʵ鰡

Ǻã¾ȳˣ
ݵ˼ǳŵͼڤͼҵǣõŵͼаҵط𣿡
һݣеʻ뿴ǳǽ׿ش
ؿһۣ׿΢΢һЦͼû̸գֻղرͼ˭ᾡΪɡΣҵĴ𰸣
йоأ˵ϴϾֻУȥɣ
Цһǳһƣͼݵ׿ǰ
ɨų¾ɵֽһ׿ôңҵ⻹ûʰɣׯңʤǺܴģ
ո׿ܼҵֶΣȻ֪һ⣬һˣǺǺǡʧЦһǳݵȻÿɷ
׿룬ǻЦݣҲͲƴǣùͼ˽עĿУ˽ָڣлˣ
˵꣬׿һ֣뿪ˡֻЩǣǲš
лһЩį񣬼Ů֮Уʱ̾һ
Ϊ뿪ʱûпһأ
һ棬ڻȥĵ·ϣ꿴󣬲û˸٣ЦһмߣΪͼʲôأôף
ף
üͷһ׿ʧЦҡҡԴҪ׵ĻղЩ˾ͲѪɺˡѵû˻ʰԼİﶼóѺ𣿡
ǣȻҪĶ䵽ǳҲûβ氡
ΪֻһͼʲôˡӲӥϼһĳֶΡҵڤں쵰϶һðˣûһµģߣ
мƲƲ죬׿εͼʲôһɽѡе˶ڵҵ·١ǶĻʣҲ⡣ͼΪβԼȥңƽⲻó˰æģԼĻ
Ȼˣ߻ʣΪҲҪͷѪ
߻ûͼȻ֪ý⣬ԣ˵̰һ⿪أͶ𣿾ꡭ
˵׿ʧЦһҡԴ˵ˡ
ľĵع⿪ģߣ
ȫ˼ҲȻͷֲܿȻǸɽΪҪѵǲܶڰ۲𣿡
꣬ڰĶǹ͵ϼһʥûͷأʲô㣿ŵͼΪһשÿʥ˻ʵĴţǵȨ浱Сûŵͼʥİ˴ؽ磬Ǹ岻ȥ
Ŷԭˣ˭
ħʣԳϣоâһ׿ǻһĻȡ


1206 ˼
һڵڣ׿վ룬һһڳϳ֮ͫУɫĹ⻷֡
ͫڶأƿգ

һβݺݻ˽ϣֱǽһȻ৵һһɫڵĺӡǽֱͯųˣ
ˣڷҳˣ֪ͯҲˣһ׿棬ǽͯæݵ
ؿ׿Ȼ֪
ͯ·ϣү֣ӣֻ彣б𡭡
ƨĴ𣿡
ضţ׿ȳڲ裬޽ơƶʣħ޵彣Ϊ׽Сӣ֣ȡ֮Ǵαԣһ٣ٶŭȻȲѣɱ֣û˵ɣ
һݣͯĬ
ţ׿Ҫ֪ڶ࣬ÿһҶһͬʣֺһǲеȼ֮ڶ֮ʲô֯һʵڶϣǾһ塣꽣ԭ֮һΪﾭγţȴڶСԼˣҲϣҵ彣ҵַɱ𣿡
ǣˣ
ˣеɣ
һ㶣ͯؿ׿
Цһ׿ÿɷ񣺡˵ˣԸڶҪһͬʡǴ֮ƢңҲ׶ӡȻСô㼵ʣұҲΪӣһ㣬磬Эû֮ȻҲʲôˡ
ǣףһЦͯһϲ
ڰ֣׿ٴξ棺ֻǻһ㣬Ӧ֪ҵ׼ħħħеԼ˾֡ʦ棬֮ͬӡǵħڵаҷһħ޵֮·ҿɲʦ飡
ǣףһԣһͬٲᱻħˣһ֤ͦͯ
صͷ׿СԵڣԸ˰
֨ѽ
ʱ죬߽ε׿ܼңң
ң˭
˭ջˮ£
ǣƤһ׿˼΢΢ͷãȥ
˵ţ׿æ̧ȥˣ׿ܼң׼ʲôʱǹܼţӵϼ
ʱڲǸ˻濪սʱҡ
˫΢΢һ꣬׿ĳϼһڣĲóȻǿֱ൱ɱ裬㣬ⲻˣҲһѭ򽥽Ϊáǹϵѣһжˮˣ
η۶ʧЦҪȺ£˵źܳ谡Ƕ̻úܣʦǸϹûʣ
ҲֵĵطЩ̫ĻúܣǴûбֳʲô֮ôõЩôأ
üͷţ׿ֿʵˣȥҲ𣿡
ûУ˵ǰȫ뿪ĳǣȥ񣡡
ȥ飬ĳжĻʵտû˸Ұ
ڰ֣׿˵һСӣȫϲ⣬Ͻȥɣ
İͷ׿תȥüͷһؿǽͯ򣺡СӣҲˣ
ǿɲô˵Ҹ׿ĳϦദ
΢΢һЦǽͯаؿһۣô뵱𣿡
˫һ죬겻ȥֻһ˿ϧŮеľһˡ
һ棬׿̻Ի͵ĿУȴⲽĳǣػš
ǣôҵˣ
׿
һϲ׸ոսгܿɫһεԴ
׿ˣˣǵôˣʲô𣿡
׿⡭
ʲô¾˵˭˭Ϸ޵ˣʲôÿڵģ
˭Ϸޣᣡ
һ죬Ǻݺݵһֵۣܿʹ̾׿ʵ治֪οڡ÷ʦ㣬ǵͼ͸ǣ
üͷһ׿ؿһۣ˼̾ǣ¡Ϊˡ˵ţǵͼҵģҲһܼҶѡܼʶŵҹܼңܽҵҪأ
ҲǹܼңҲǼ£ʦǵҪȷ̫ˣ
ͬüͷ壬һݺҧҧˣ׿ǧΪѣͻȥǣ˱һٶѣûʲôϵ
˵ţ׼뿪ǻ׿ȴץסļͷȵȣ˵ǻ㣿
ţʦ嵹ûʲôֻǼλʦҪ䳰ȷˣ΢΢죬ǵͷ
ǰؿȻ˳㽫ӵ뻳Ҳԣ˲䵹ĻУ׿ǰҵĿŰôأҪ뵤ϼڣͶΪɣ
ôУʦʦǶҶͦãЩίҲܣô㱳ʦأ
Ѳµ뷨׿һ̾ҲżֻװһҧҧɣȻܰͼǣֻҪǰ͸ңҾ͸ġһŵͼҵĻǿǸܸܵģ
ʲô͸㣿
ǰȥô˵𲻴Ӧǵ£͸ûϵˣҲûˣ
ٺһЦ׿ֽȥŰû˼ֻǷ޾žֻۡҪܹһҿʲô۶ܸģ
Цſһۣۣ΢΢ͷǺܿ죬ַ·뵽ʲôϸϸ׿һۣʵˣǰǶ̨ô˫ȵģǻʽǿߣֻǡ
͹Ǿ֪Ƕң
ǣԴǼ֮÷ʦ嶼࿴ˣôİ
Ǻף֣
üͷаȵ׿Цһ૵׼ʱôһ⣬ûֻҪм㹻ļһû͵Ϯ˵ǻʽףʥҲܲˣ
Ҳ԰ʦ˵һʬɽѪĥ³ģһ͹Ǿôܡ
ʵǰɱģ
һ֣׿ʧЦ¿ûǧҲаˣɲʬɽѪĥ³ôʦ廹۹ⰡǺǺǡ
Ȼص˵ͷǻȻ򣺡ԭˣֻɱɱˣܴ󰡡
ˣ˵ˣʵҲûٲ𣡶ˣʱ˰ɣϽȥɣҵĻ˵ĺ¾ʹ˳ˣҾҪǵϼڳأǺǺǡ
ᣡ
׿æߴٳ뿪Ϸ֮ԲͣȴûУֻһȻ뿪ˡ
ıӰʧ׿ȴɫһץץȭͷĵϼڣȻʩչ˼ƣǾŵʲôˣ쵰ߣ


1207 ͼ
ڤ޾·רˣ̤ҵر̥٣
һ侫µķڣ˪һ飬ǺڵֽţͷСʫĽѩѶŮһԣҲü˼ԡ
ãĽѩŲ²ѵ˵ľʫƽڤͼĹؼ
϶ˣֻǡʲô˼أͷ̬Щƣ룺ͼȫЩĺڵ㣬ܲ䡣Ψһⲻ֪ƵľʫѾˣʲô벻
ʼ磬Ľѩÿɷ񣺡Ҫô뵽Ļôܽͼóأ׿˵ĶԣԼⲻͽ˽ͼ׸⣬ۻ𡣲˭⿪ܣȸǺô㡣ֹףʥľ֣ҲһթޱȣӲһְ
ԣŮҲͬص˵ͷС
ʥǷףֻǵݺʵûģֻǿ׷ģ
֨ѽ
ʱ򿪣һٵĽŲһϤӰʱӳŮ˪ǽ⿪Ҫû⿪ˣҲǰħɽˣ
Ǹ׿磬̫ûˡ
ûʲôǱ⡣ͼǲſ죬ǶĻʹƿ˼ʮ궼ûףóġֵۼֵĵڣⲻ⿪ǲ漣أ
νذڰ֣׿ùŵͼϸ˿ЦˣֲգֻשѣͼȥСӾˣߺߣ
˵ţ׿һֽţ׼ָ
ǻ˪ȴǺһȵȵȣ
֨
һ׿Īôˣ
Һ˵ʲô
׿Ӳùͼ˪ǽһСƬڵ㣬ǰһˣոôûҲڵ̫ܼҾû֣ĴָһСƬǻ˷򣡡
üͷһ׿ɵʲô˷򣿡
˷춫ϽǵһƬǳս䡣һ䣬ͱ±սҷֻƬܴģôͼϣȻСôһ㡣ֽ͹ԳĻҶûз֣
ʲô˵Ƭͼϣǳͼһ׿ٽǵͼ򿪣ϸϸ쿴ȴǰһҲЩϤڣֻڵ²Զѡ
ûͼǳλ۷Σѹôֶסֻǣǽ⿪ǳôȷڤλأ
ϸ˼˪Ȼ뵽ʲô׿磬Ǹأ˵ʲôطʲôˣ𣿡
԰ôˣͼȻͼƵռǣıһã
ţ׿йâһóֻڵ塣
Ǻܿ죬ˣһŵͼһ򣬸ôð
Ȼڴʱͻ
Ǻֵһɲǣų¾ɵͼȴ·Ӧʲô㣬ɢɫȻವһȫɢˡ
˫ͫһ͹׿󾪣ͼأ
ˣ
ʱǺҲǺĺâʢ뵵𶯶ɢ׿һȻǰһڣͨͨȫˤڵأ˹ȥ
ٴʱһһƬڵĵطǳ岼
⡭ôطɫ󾪣ѵе
˰֣׿ֵ൱򾲣Ϊط̫ˣؾţǵԪǺУӦûʲô󰭡ⱦ֮⣡
ǿ쿴ŵͼ
أأ˪һУһָȥȴϣһֻƴСֽţԼα󡣲һ󹤷ѣǽ񷶼ȫڱ
ֻЩͼϵСڵ㣬ȴǲʱǳ͸¹ϸһʱһƬͼ
˫ͫݺݶ˶׿ϲʥͼֻǡڤ
ɣ
Ƥ˪̧һָǸΪ貵ǳĳͼСʫ˵ˣרˡǿλãƽʱ޹⣬ֻдͷǳҫµ˱Ż¶ʡ˹⻪ڤڣǧ֮ɣ
Цŵ˵ͷ׿´ϲӦˣ벻λջĽ⿪ڤ۵ڡͼǶûֵˣ
ŮҲĻϲֻ˪ɫһЩǵ׿磬ȥڤ۵
ǵȻۼֵڣͬ죬ʥ˭ߣ
ֻڤ»Σգ
γ̾һ˪ָ૳׿磬ٺúÿ⸱ͼǸʲôĵͼ
зɻ׿ͷȥȴһȻɫҲ
ԭͼеǳһһʥͼЩڰıȴֻһ֡

׿ڤھˣҪⴳڤҪ㡭龰һĵؿ
Ĭ׿˼ȴ¶һ˿ȻЦݣްۼܻЩյġѵȥʶһڤ۵ܷŹ
׿
ˣǳȥɣ
ѻҪȰ׿ȴǻӻ֣ľһ˵ವһֻص˸ڣȻǺ˵һɢ˹⻪ŵͼҲ৵һ£ϡ
˻ǵͼζӳ¡׿Ǻͼֽջ˽ָǺܿ죬һ˺ɡ
ΪƵ۵ıڤĵͼӦأҵʱƵ۶ԼĶǿĶҵκεطˡ
Ȼǣҵطѵ˵
һʱ䣬׿еԼڱ˭ǣűһ
ߵߵߵ
һһɿȴ˶ڣȿȣ׿ܼңˣ
֪ˣϣ
ְǺҲջأ׿뿪ŮǿȥıӰ뵽ڤ۾Ǹ֣ЩƽĴ⣬ȫɢˡ
һ棬׿ڵȴĳǣһЦǺǺǡŴˣǵĺ½˰ô׼Ϊ붴𣿡
˵
˫һ죬һۣ߳
ɫһ׿ɵôǲԸ⻻
ʲôģֲʲô
΢΢죬ҿûˣæѹ׿÷ʦ˼ǣȽǷͼֽġҲáǵ¡صţʦ˼١
˵ƺ˼ЩɬصԴ
һ䣬׿Цһ
Ѿ̫ţװǰϧӿɲɫǻСĵ
ϣ׿ȴǲΪ⣺Ǻãţȥö㣡
˵ţ׿۷ȥһַһµĽнЦֽ÷ãҪĶ棡
ģ
ȻǵҸ棡΢΢һЦ׿
صͷǻϲϲ뿪û߼ȴͣһת׿һڣͨ棬ҲƵ뿪ˡ
ֻ׿ʶ¶ȻЦݡ


1208 ͼ
ʦ壬ʦ壬ҰѶûˣ
һСԺһϲı˻вֹ
ƺζʱһȺӭ˳Ϊ֮Ȼ÷ãг˾ϲ̰ıǷˣĲмͼʣֻǿŻǡ
ǣˣأ

һЦϵϣ÷ǸæӹӶڲͣ
ˣصϣ벻гһգʦҲʩչ˼Ƶʱ򰡡ֻ⾭黹Ƿֻóһġģͼû׳ҪʦҳĻߺߣ
Уʦ㣬ʲôƲߣġ
ɬصԴ૵˵ˣͼ϶Ҫǲ˵ĻһʡġһݳѾð˺ܴգܡ
˼÷ҲֹסͷȻûСΪز֤أʵΪˣҲڣġģѾܲඣǺǺǡ
ǶֵԺ÷ȲǸС
ʦ壬ҲôҪ¡
ȥԻʦ㣬㲻ż
ţȫƾʦ
Цݣ䣬ԴһֻڵϻȦȦһֻСȴɬ¶
һԿţǺ޵ҧˣֻǰһ֪νĳСӣʲô˲ģʲôߣ
ף
ȻʱһɵȴǺķһϲæȥôˣʦ壬ǲǵͼʲô⣿
ôأ׿ƭҵģҲһæǰ쿴
ǵĵͼ⣬ֻǵĻΪ£ʦ巢ŭǵĺֱƻˡ
üͷţ÷һŸɱֽţһְƵһ𣬵һͼӡֻ⻭ľĸĵͼµӣһʱῴס
ڤͼɲ⣬ȫûһ˿ͷ
ʦ壬ҿ϶ģתתҲСǺһŪأڤͼָǶûƭˣΪ氡
ԣһæʦ壬ģ׿ºģҵһᾡԼܣȫǵͼġ֤ʲô룬ʦϹ˵
Ϲ˵㿴ľʲô

ǣû˵꣬÷ǺݺݵһۣͼȻǿġͼô׿ڤʤˣꣿŵͼܿóСӺĵġ
ʦ壬γԣ
ͼûаΪյıʷڣһͼȫͬ
Դ÷һһһżͼĻһΪ滭ĺۼ¡ڤʲôطͼһʷ湴ճԽõԽģҲԽ֤ġúġ⼸ưգڤˣֻǲ֪ôƽѣ
˵ţ÷ýǵͼŮǰһһչʾȥҲǵɴ۾здĴã⡣ҲЦԺ
Ż
ģһ򣬾ͿҪŻ³ȻһָǵͼСӾʲôġģôֽһɧأ
𣿡
һ㶣÷ôսһţҲǸæ㿪һǰʲôġİǱīӣ
һ´󼱣ɲʦ׿ǸæԲŶʦ尡׿˵ΪҪڤͼġһģһһī밡һīǺڵģõѣ֮Уǧ࣬ҵһּΪ󣬶رʺϵɫīġġʦ壬ĵģ
𣿡
üͷһ÷ͼһۣص˵ͷûһīȷЧСΪŵͼĺİˣǾͳ뿪ᰳǣڰͼøһΪϲãǴһģǣǺǺǡ
мƲƲ죬ʡ
ҲЦݣ³һ
ºˣʦӦò׿˰ɡ
Ǻڶ峿һ磬õͼĵϼ˱̣׼뿪
ǣΪɺϵǣڳſڣҲ뿪ˣʱһ
׼ãҪˣ
ɫ΢΢һ׿һԵİǸ̫ţһҶؿҪ
΢΢ͷʱӦս
û뵽ǣ÷ټңȴһϲɫǶ׿ЦǴкλҵѣҲҪ𣿺ɰҲǣֻǲ֪˳˳·أ
Ӧò˳ɣ
һ㶣׿ЩĪôûԼĵͼôôõ飬к
Ҳһֵؿ׿һۣʱӭս𣿿ӣԷ׽ûҪʱֵӰ
ȫһã÷ȴãһһȭ׿ǰЦһ仨ⰵʾ׿ܼΪԺкܶĵطٻᣡ
һ䣬÷緢۾뿪ˡڵӣϡ׿ǰƤգգ۾ǻȥ
ֻǺܿ죬һƮƮﴫĶ䣺İɣʦ⣬ǵĺ»ɵģ
⣿յĵͼ⣿
ȫɵˣ׿ųǵʧıӰһĪ
㯣˾͸һԴˡ
׿㲻˵̫쿴ĵͼ󣬽ȫ׷ɱôǽ쾡·ôڿ˼ϲ㻹أ
ߣǧ꣬ɡ
˿׿Ҳֲ⣺԰̫ſݡ᲻ŭ
ʲôݰǵͼôģ
ô˭ôСͼôûЩΣ׿˼㲻֮ӻ֣ȥˡ
ˣǲ⣺ͼǶûʣôܻ
ιͯʲô˼ʱͯ߹ߣһץʵ
ؿһۣͯ¶һΪЦݣҪһܼҵԸ㻭ͼ
٣ʲô˼
ҵ˼ǣҼҵóһֽһɺͷһˣ
Цʼ磬ͯΪ⣬٩ͼôǽ飬ûСʱûⶼ֪У

ԴһȫɵˣȻֿ׿ȥӰףΪ׿϶̫Ż׷ɱˡ
ϷŪһǰ˭ᱻɡؼǣ̫Ҳɵˣⶼﶼȥˣߣ


1209 ·ٵ
׿ܼңǳǺòƾкܶ˶ˣ
뿪Űʱ׿һһ᫵Сϣһ׺һǰ߶Ｘ䡣
΢΢ͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ͼϣֻҪһղͻһֱûʲô˵ġеҪųߵ㣬е˾ͿҪ·ٵˡԶŵ࣬ҳ֣Ըֵģȴûж٣ް
ǣ
΢һ˵˻أһ·г̡
ܿ죬ֹһʱһƬȺɽڡһৣ½ת۾ϰ֮ڣǰΪ֮ˣϤףڶĳǸħʴǧħ
ƺ֪һ׿ʧЦһҡҡԴʲôˣʲôūšǰ˵ԳǼһļ꣬ҲһëȲ
׿ܼңλ
û׿ֹʲôǧħ͵վ˹ر˱ȭϷλԹ޳Ҳ֪λŴԺǺ֮ҲԹֻϣλܽڤͼ£˶˵£Ϸ
̧ۿ˿׿΢΢һЦǰֵǰˣѰ֮ҵԸǰڽ϶ཻѡϧڤͼǳǧڶ̨ӮõģûɽǰУ£
׿ܼңϷǻϷɲһף
һЦǧħ̧ɨɨˣϷǲ֪ҵΣжٸû¶档ĿǰϷһսģֻλǰ÷ԵĹ˰ɡˡߺߣȻжʮ֣ĿҲ٣Ϸȴϰ٣һս𣬱Ȼơ׿ܼԶ͹Ǿƹְܼ֮ȻǼΪ֮ˣӦϷԣ
΢΢һЦ׿Ȼǰ˵֮ڶҪඣ
ûϷ֪ǵΣħʴ˵ƢϷ̫˽ˡϷ򲻰ѶȥĻħʴǲŹϷġħʴǰ·ûСе𣿡
ǣδ֪Ȼ£Ҳȷȷģԡڴģҵĵ̱Ȳϰ˻ʣԵǣҲû⣡
ȻһЦ׿ɢŵ⣺ϲ㣬ĶˣǵȷȲϰ˻ʡӲ̣ˡϧЩǣ˫ʵǿȴжϴˡƾһǵĶƺðɣ
΢΢һݣǧħٴɨɨˣϸ쿴ʱŴЦһ׿ܼŻϷ𣿵ȷλ۷徳㿰ȻʽΪ֣ȷʵϡң㻹кܶࣿͬΪ£˵ʵ˶٣ռоơһ㣬ڿƣ
ھڶ࣬һ߾ǿ·ߵģǺǺǡ
аЦһ׿ĽͯСԴӣȥҰϼһԴҪģλˣ
ǣ
һݣ̤ͯǰɢŹаâ
һ㶣ǧħһһӣժͷֱЦ
ৣ
ȻĻ䣬һӰأһ˸˲ǰХ𣬷Ľûš
²󾪣ǧħӦϵԴǽһ㱡亹췢˿ҲֹסƮӭ衣
ǣ⻹꣬һգ
ǾֵУһֻССɽţҲǺϺаԴ߷ɵơ
ֹͫסݺһǧħǿֲѹæһƫһ࣬˲ܿȻ̤ʱ뿪ǿֲĵؽ磬ǧ֮ң
ȶΣǰȥʱȴȫˡ
ԭոպȻǰУҪģǸСĺͯҴʱ˿̣Ǻͯһûߵϣ߿ˣǽϵķȴһа㣬˲ɳգۻʮࡣ
һ̣ۡϣǧħϰǿߣʮԱ˲ΪѪɢ֮ˡ
˻
̲ס뵹һе˶ŵɫɷףǧħǵľ˼ضŽͯţн־塣
ô뵽һ߰Сͯ˿ֲܣ軹֮ܳΪ
ʱǧħ˿־⣬ǳױ
ǣ֪ͯΪ۱ȫ´Унնⲫʥ޶֣ο已̥
Сӣôͣӻͦô
вУͯаؿǧħǻȡǧħˣȴ˫ͫһнͬʱķɫҲ쳣ء
ʱҰδ֣һʽǿߣǰСһ˵ĻԷʽ׸󣬶൱ˡ
·ٵһûռ
뵽ǧħнɬҪˣһͽͯ˻ȴһ̾׽Լףȴϼˣ
ҶʽǿߣлʽǿߵƵģ֣ԶҲȲϵƣ
оâһǧħؿʼӡָռҲǽʾһĹ
ʼӡǧֻ߱ӡ
䣬ǧħݺһ̤˲գȻһ£ʧţһɢŽɫâʮɸߵĹسǰЦǧ֮࣡
ٺٺ١֪ΪǳϷΪǧħ˰ɣ
ֻˣǧħǧŹ֮£ЦϷĻʼӡÿһף൱һλֵ깥䲻ʵҲа˳ɹˡڣϷǧ˴Сޣ̥ʵǿԱû⣬չ˵׿ܼңС㣬̫ˣ׾ͱʶģǰѶɣ

һ죬˵꣬ͯǻһ˦һֻ棬мСʲô˵ģһ
˵ˣⲻǶԸǵġǿʲôãܶһŹ棬ѵܶǧ𣿶ңϷĹһֻ죬ܴƶ٣
һЦһ£һŹǰٴδǧ֮
˫΢΢һ䣬ͯÿɷһ֣񷶼ƵģˣôҾͰǧֻ棬һĿ죬յÿ졣ߣ콣پ˻ģ

ʱ䣬ȼգЩһţܿȫѳΪ촷ۣ˻ҽ
ֻգ۹ǧֻ棬˲ɢͬʱ֮УһʹĹֽƺʹѵ
¶һаЦͯһ֪˭̲סЦ֪ӵ˰ɡ
𶯣
ȻʱһȴͻȻ󴫳һֻڸɿݵƣҲǲ֪ʱץ׿ĺϡ


1210 ͷ

ڴڴŴǧħᶶɫɷһƬſŶĺٲ£Ȼ쳣
ͯͰת׿ȥһǼ׿Ҳ˲䵭Įˡ
ȫûвɫϵΣǧħݺҧҧ˻ڤͼȻϷɾͲˣ
˵ţץ׿Ŀצֽࡣ
࿴˿û˵ɫ쳣ƽ
Ϸո˵Ļû𣿾ֻǸ͹ǾҲǹܼ治
֮ǰǰǴ̿Ͱɣ
ǧħŭнɻ󣬵ǻоһȻ֮ǶôĶڣߣԼԪֻǧԻˣȡʤΣҶû֣ȷѵõı¡Ҳ˶ԷһƣĥĻᣬҪ֪Ԫ¶⣬ʵҲ൱ģڻʽ׸սУǷǳ
üͷһħ̧ۿȥȴ׿񣬲ʱŭʽ׸ֵս͹Ǿ֪ƨٸҷϻϷھŤ㲱ӣ
ǺǺǡҪôҲлᡣֻϧ̿;Ǵ̿ͣǿ׼ݣһɱץʡûһ־ʹɱУѾעҪ̿ˣ
һ㶣ǧħؿţȴֲ⡣һ͹ǾϣϷûʽ׸֣öһɱԼץţҪ˲Ϣ֮£ô
ǰɣ
ȻһĹǱǧħһԣֻǸоԼץ׿ʺֻצ·סƵģ޷ٶֺ̧ȥȴȻһֻʱ˿̣֪ʱ׿ŵĺâץצšһֻǯǯһ㡣
ôܡ
Ƥֹסݳ飬ǧħҪָһͰ׿ʺ顣ϧǽӲצȴҲ۶ȥˣһһŵľڴŻ뿪λá
㡭㡭
ڳ˾ǧħԼצһԶԼߣٿǰ壬׿аЦݣҲ˿־⣬ͫ׶ԽԽ󣺡ôһ͹Ǿ
ǺǺǡ˵Ĵ̿ģͷˣ

һ䣬׿һ䣬ֻ͵һקǧħǱӣ˲ļͷ˳ȥֱֻۣҲΪ֮£˲˺ѿѪˮһء
ݣ
ǣǶϱ֮ʹһӰٴ֣ǾֵУһ
ৣ
һŴͷշһֻСС֮Сǧħͷޱ۵ӣѪ֮о˰ΣһţҲˡ
Щǣϴ󶼱նɱڴˣҲûоȥ֮£һĶӣɢ
׿Ҳȥ׷ֻЦſȥϽǱ֮ɫ
ôˣƫƫץ׿ܼҵʣϵԼߺߣ
õͷˣ
׿ǰͯɷžȡֻšɻͷ­ʵǰ׿΢΢ͷյ˽ָȻӻ֣û˰㣬˸·գ۲Ӱ
ǣ뿪һڣü·ȴѪ½֣Ȼʧ
ᰳǣڣ̽ӵĻ㱨ü˼૵˵ǧħһˣҸɸɵˣ治Ѱħʶˣǵĵϸ𣿡
سˣȥϲ̽ȷô塣ֻһƫƧ֮ıٲˡ;֮ԣҲǧڣԶʥӦû̫ǣ
ǧһͷߣΪƫƫʱأң˸ߵ
תתǳתµĻʴˣһûҸ˻һɱ˰˻ʵˣʵڹŹ֣
ºһ谵ĴڣλϣһеӰ棬λһһ˴ζĳ顣
˵֮󣬹ã֮ȴһˬʵĴЦȤȤϷŵκģ쳹ʥİ˻ûһӮģһСͷ¶ˣҲǧδţ
Ļʴˣ֮˲żüãһ˲šܼ׿ȻΪ΢ȴƸΪְܼ֮Ϊ˳Ȼ棬лز¶ңǵ֮
Ȼ˵һزռܴɷ֣ûӦʵٺõҲﲻ㣬ϷСļ壿ǺǺǡ
˰֣ǶĻʲЦһˣɱħʵ£ˣָӦأҪһȻᵣġĻҪôȥԼĿɽҪôͶ߻ʣѰӡĻǵͼһҲͳˣô֮ȥأ
ǳٴΰ£Ļʴˣһ·ٵ̽ӻرнķƺħɽȥģ
ʲô
һǰⰻȻĶĻʣڰеӰĽһ£ĬΣЩɵ૵ɱ˼ҵ£ħСӿȫѲءǵãԼˡҡڸʲôѵΪħʿսԾˣ
üͷţĻʲԣǳҲ治⣬벻ס
һ棬һ죬һֻϺõݺˤ˵ϣһ촷ۡһŻˣһŭվڴ룬һȺηηĺˣӣһƬ
˵ζĳǾģڤͼûûҲˣȥһʧ٣һֱӾͱ˸ɵˣǸСɵģ𣿡
ħħʴϢŭҵȷ̫Σ̫öԸһ˲ΡΡС档
ûʱ˿̣ŭˣǼ׿֮ħʣԳɡ
ֻ׿躹ޣԳԵЩС˵־һƣͿʼֶֹ̣֮ڵ׿й֮޲
ҲòֻǶ֣Լ˶ľ׽
ɨ·һۣԳϲ¶аЦݣöԸǧħһ֣ȴһС嶼ò£Ҫкã

һȣԳһ֣һոմ֮˲ķѣѳһ׷״󺧣ݵϢŭ
ߣÿֻһ䣬ҪǸƯƯģĻôɷ
޺޵˦˦ӣԳϼʵأںδ
֪
֪
ħʴϢŭǧ˱ɱ˺Ǳ㲻ٸˡ

һȣԳһ֣ٴνһʮ˵ȣͨͨһ̲Ѫˮڵϡ˼ˣŵ֨ˡ
ʱȻһĴħʴˣɽ˹Ŀ

üͷһԳЩɻ󣬵뻹ǵ
һ䣬С˱µľл˽ڵϡԳᵯһָǺӴ򿪣ȴֻŵģѪܵͷ


1211 Ͷ
ͫɺݺԳϽϤȴԶĬף󺧳ǧħʸԣԴô͵
ˣأʲôˣ
ħʴˣ֮ԳƻϲңħʴˣɽأһҴææܽԳݣҲЩţϽǺˮ
Ƥֹסݺݳ˳飬ԳϼֱԼ䣺ҡǸңͷ͵ǰʵ̫˰ɡˣҰץҪúÿǺ«﾿ʲôҩ
ǣ
һȣһǳˡһĹһһŮӰһȺ»Ĺ£֮ڡ
еȻ׿Ůǰ꣡
һ߽Ϥľ£׿·ʵΣ¶Ȼ֮ɫǵԳϼǧ궼ʱȴǺĻһаĻв֪ǺޣЦ
ԳҲǺһǵһμӣȴϤСҲ֪ģĵһֵľڣ¶Ծһ֪
ž
ݺһȭһ˿ԳϣһݣħʴˣҶ˾Ѵʾ£
ȥ
ض׿ţԳϷйƤûոյı壬ֻǴؿţӻ֣૳ȥ
šǣ
˴˶һۣһ֡ħʴôˣƽӣԵе㰡ħô˵ҲǵһΣ˵Ȼ뿪
ʱ䣬ֻԳϡ׿Ͱˣеһ̲Ѫˮʮʬ壬˶ѡ
ɨһݣ׿΢΢һЦȱȭħʴˣ»ϲҴܼ׿λҼһꡣյüħʴݣʵң
׿֣񰡡
۾΢΢һУԳƺûȴʲôţ૲ϣֹҲ񡭡ֲǲôƽ͵ƢܼҵġܣܣһˣǺǺǡ
ؿ׿΢΢һЦ٩ħʴˣ˵ʲô
ûʲô
ڻعԳٴ¶˱ݣбƳƳͷ׿ܼǰɣʲô˼򱾻ʾ𣿻Ҫս
ħʴһˡҼ˵һħʴЦɣ
ɱҵˣǵԴǰм񣿡

һ죬ԳϺݺһӣŭļ²˵˵ǲػȥˣҲϡһ˵ԴǵȪ·ϵļģ

һ䣬ԳǿƵʱϯǰҲֹסϢһͣ΢΢ɫ󺧡
ʥ˻ʹȻͬѰʽǿߣǿ
׿Ҳǿǹɺѹһ꣬æȣħʴϢŭ½͡ǽʱ˻вҪ˵ԴǾаԹԣ
˵
һգԳؿǡ
΢΢Щ죬׿΢΢һЦɫƽħʴˣǷȥϮϼڵĵǣϽյȥˣ
ûУ
תתԳϳƬ̣ĵ
ȻһЦ׿Ҳ΢΢ͷҲûУħʴͬϼΪ˻ʣԵ޹֮£˵Ե޹һλǿУοΪ֮أ
ȴħʴĸҡײƭħʴָʹٽͷ˴˴£Եϣȫѵд𣿡˵ţ׿һָǵһͷЦ
ؿԳϲÿɷ񣺡ǧħأ
ħʴˣǰƱһ£ǷùӥսԴ˴Ĳأ
˵ԼҶ£ʲôϵһݣԳϵϡ
Ȼصͷ׿ЦǾͶˣⱾħʴû£ǧħȴڶĳǺ˵˵˶ˡӥ͹Э֣ҪԸءūţܲ˽𣿡
ʲô
һԳϵ粻ܿ͵һ֣˰ˣ϶Σѵʻ𣿡
ȻһЦ׿ȭħʴ£ȻǶˡֲֻ壬أĻأǺǺǡνһĶ֣һĶѡǧħūŸħʴĴУ˺γΪǧָʸ֮İ˫ȭѵ֣˾£ҲסһȺ˼Ұɣ
Ƥݺݳ˳飬Գϵ˫ȭݺ߬޵ҧгݡ
ô˵ֻǷǰ˴˴æأţ׿¶һЦݣ
һ˼ǣԳٴζ׿Ŀ⣬ɫȴ˿ͣūдҲǵ˽ѵŶԣ˲֣˵ˣˣ´ȱʧ㣿
ħʴνɵĲȥµĲûϵҲ𣿺ǺǺǡ
ֹסЦ׿£֣صǼһĽħʴ£ڰ˻֮䣬Ͷħʴ˸һʵְλȻˣǲ͡ΪʵǰЧʣʵԣǶǿ֮¡һǵҲͲ˳֣Żˣһã
ӲɵúݺԳһ󾪣Ͷҵģ
Ȼν޹»ΪͶһݴǰЦɣ
˵ţ׿йâһóһų¾ɵıֽϡ
һӣʱֽУһԳ϶ֽϵһСʫȴϲɫڤͼ
֪˶ԴͼڱصãǧټƵҪ׸ˣ
΢ЦŵԴ׿бƳƳĿͷ­ЦңҲ֤Ļᡣϼһﶪ첻ɵ£ȴֵŴǺ󣬱زʧ
ֹסԴԳЦһ仨׿ҲǱǺܿ죬ֳɵֻǡ˻֮УΪƫƫѡͶ˵ʲô֮ԣЩ滰Ҫʵ
ħʴ˹ȻˣûͶ
˴˶һۣ׿˽΢΢ͷȻֿԳ֣صʵڻϲǧ꣬Ҫ߳ǸСطҪ˻һ֧УҲѡʵӦҲܿǵʵͶκһʶ⡣׵ģǰ˻֮ףˣ
ʸϣΪӴνΪףΪβڽ£ûʲôΪˡʣһЩ֮ʿظϳɣѳɴֻħʴˣ̶ǧ⾰֮Ѹ٣ǰδ£ҲʿǾӦܳһ֮£֮ϵұۣ


1212 ֮
ͬص˵ԴԳϱĻŭţ۹⣬Ǽ治ӹ֮˰Ҵţ˻֮УҲֻħԳϲʸʵͳʽףΪλ̣ñҸ̨ߣ
ǰǼҲ˼ҡ
ң
Ǹոɱ£ܵʽ׸£Ȼܱһʱ䣬ҲǸˡħʽڱǿǳҹֻ߰Ͷܰѳ˱ѣζԹ
ЦҡҡԴ׿̾һΣǵѡ񣬶ħʴ
ؿ׿ţԳһصԴıúáȷô˵ĻǴԴһݣһֻǡܵĴ㣬˭ıأ
һԳзž⣬ƺЩС
ħʴˣ׿ܼǼ֣ıߣҾϵ£Ȼ׿ܼҷˣ
˼Цһ׿һۣȭ
Ȼҡҡͷ׿ǫ飺׿ĳıһģǼ
׿ܼҾͱǫˣһ͹Ǿ޹֮һ֮£֮ϣҡҡͷ굱Цħʴ˿֪ܲ׿ܼΪͣ˵һҪȫĻʵͶʵģϾǼҵĻͶʣʵ飡
Ŷ
ƤһԳٽ׿ڷ֣˻ǸϰĶ͹Ǿǰû֡
ǣԽʵ΢ȴʵȻ෴λáԽ֤вȡıܡŮӸոԣСӵǸɶõı֮ˡ
ģҪ˲Ű
뵽Գϵǰһϲס׿֣Ц׿ܼԭͳȫֵ˧ţѵѵãħɽ׿ܼΪʳѡȻĻȺģ⼸ǧĻҵǻﲻɣ
ħʴ˹ˣҡ
⻹˵ôʮħʮǣʮļңǴǧħŵһλһ֮£֮ϣ
ݺظԳһ֣֤ħɽس׿ܼңҪΪ֡˭ҶһëǸħԣ
ħʴˣ֣Ǽ𣿡
ʲôϵﱾʣ󻹲ﱾ𣿺αмٶһϰ
ǣеԽȨɣҪȼһҼ
ʲôԽȨģ˵оУˣϯд׿ܼҡ
һȣħɽԳʢ׿ˣҹʥҹħɽİģҲȫȥˡ
ӽҳΪʮħ֮ף׿ҲΪԳϵŹǣ½֪
ʮԳϽ¶ʮǳصĹȨң׿ҲҴǱħʣ׼˽ӹµˡ
һ·ɽ߳ɽţ׿ٻ׿䱸ɭϵħɽ̾ǰȻһɽų˼ɽ󷨣˭ת֮䣬ؽһ㣬ԱӣɾСӣһ̶ˡߺߣ뵱Ӷһˣûκε̣Ҳǰ˻֮סնõˣҪôʲôǻһɽˣ
㻹Ͷʲô
ͬ׿һǳصѹ겻ɵҪԸӦý˵ɵ£ЩˣǱӻ࣬ô֣
ǻһȻȣ׿ŵâƣҪȡ֮֮κ˻۶ǿǴڲ߽⣬ⲿõú١Ͷ£һйһУǲǾѾõʮǳ𣿺ǺǺǡ
һЦ׿˫ȣȥе䣬˭Ҳס꿴һۣҲǽϣдܰ
ͬʱڶĳһ˵ңפħµϢҲȫ˸УʱһƬȻ󲨣
ᰳǣУһƬĻ󣬶Ļе쿴ãǷ£ҡȻħʵĵһħһ֮֮ϣչʵ̫ˣŰ
ĻʴˣڤͼħĻŭţǰӵģ

˰֣ĻʿһĻǰĳһۣ૳ħʵ˽⣬ã鼱ꡣҽڤͼϽȥһûɰǱӻԼ°ǣرǿԼ֣Ϊʮħ֮ףôߵλӡɾ̫ˣһΪŭˣҲܶʱ˸߲ҳɣرǸħʡ
ô˵ħɽôߵλӣбֶΣ
϶ˣ򣬾˫ûκγԹҲѵͼˣ˴󹦣¾͸˸ߵĵλȴҲ̫ˣ
УĻ˼ֵˣħʷµİУǲᵽҹܼң׿
ûֻҲ̫˰ɡҳΪĵһħҵĲǼһܼң
е֢ᣬͿ϶ܼˣ
΢΢Ƭ̣ĻȴǺЦ˳ȤȤܼȤͲСˣҶܼңʵҪܼҾʲôͣԻΪ棬ǺǺǡ
ǣ
һȣкһ󶶶
һ棬ڣӰԶݡ
˵ôǸڶĳһʱңͶħȥˣ
Σǲ𣿡
ȻҪֻЩŹ֣³ʲôӣ
һͻȻðͷС壬ʲô˵ġǶ˵걻ħˣø˰ڽɽӲһҲճƻˡҿ˵ˣʥɽж˻ʵĴ㣬̫ģбȡĿܣ
ô
΢΢һͣڰЩɣܿҧҧãμҪҲҪǸħʲɡҪŴɽɻڴֻϧѡˣߺߣ
ͬһʱ䣬ϼһȥʮĵãΣϣһŷƵֽţϸϸ쿴ȴ¶ɫʦãȷġڤͼ
Ȼˣ㿴õ㱵ͼΣ໭ܹñʷ湴ճģһüɫ裬÷ĭҷɣϸϸ⡣
ŮһͷǳǣϲԽ
÷û빦ʦ㣬ζʩչ˼ƣȻСðôգⱦͼġأ
ʦ壬ⲻ˼ƣǲǽô΢΢ͣǿǵøæʦ׿˵ˣҪڣƽӡ
˵Ŷ㱻һӴߣȻԸճ÷Ǻݺݵһۣѵ
ԣǴ󼱣ǣʦӦ
ҴӦʲôˣ˵ʦ㣬ʦ㲻ͬ⣬
㡭
ˣóˣ
࣬ǵòΰ˰֣ĵ˼ҲãĴӦСҲãڶˡΪͼǼٵģ
ʲôٵģⲻܰ
˹Ϊ𣿡
ЦҡҡԴǵó̾һ㰡Ǳˣ˻ڵءͼ˹ΪҲ˹Ϊñʹհˣ

һ㶣÷òԡ


1213 ս
ҡҡԴǵƳһۣʧЦǰӸλ֮꣬඼ˣ
֮ࣿ
ǰԺ֮𣿡
һӣǷƵֽӵ÷ǵЦǵõǱŸʱտÿĴڴ齼仭ôһͼɧǾòˣǺǺǡ
ʲô
ֹסһ÷ٴսֽţǻȻŭɫʦ㣬˵Сһ򣿡
أ
ʵд
׹÷ŭɶ˦˰ӣͽֽ˺ɷ飬ݺӵ˵ϡһ뵽Լ⼸ÿ䱦㣬ǻֽϸϸУ˫ֶմɧֹסӶֶڷŻµĸо
Ůӣ֪࣬Ҳֹס˫֣д֣޲ðԼ˫ֵ
ǿŮôôĶأ
Ҳֻгǲ˼ҡԴЩʧ񣺡ܣƭҵģôⶫϷŪң
ߣѾͷ˼Ҹˣ㣬û㵱¡㻹ɵȥʩչ˼ƣڱ˼ҷ˰ɣǣûð޺޿һۣ
ûֻʧصԴǰˡ
û뿪ɽŶԶһøеӣ׿ҶҲϧҪһ𡣵û뵽׿ȻҲƭ
ͼĲġĻܾԼͺãΪʲôҪƭأ
ѵ˵ʦ˵һϷŪԼûԼϣǰôû뵽أǶĳУֵ߳ŮӸò绨λƽѾͷͷ
ϵɫԽԽ࣬ǵһҲǽȵס
ƺ룬ǵøɿһǣжԱңΪ̫ѹЩ֦ڣɣ
ίǱһ΢΢˵Դ˫֮ȴʡ
ʦ㣬ʵ̫ûˣһ;ȻᱻһëͷСϷˣȻһ򲼾ͻˣʹţ÷ٴһȭ
ЦŰڰ֣ǵòΪ⣺ǶǧˣʱļģҲථﻹлӴ飿ҲֻΪտ꣬żǵЩϸڡҰͽϸڼǵþ͸ˣǺǺǡ
ʦ
ԣǸжѹ˵ߣˣ°һޡ
Ѿͷͻƨû°ֹͣʦôǲۣ
һУ÷ԽԽȴǺݺһץȭͷСӡʦ㣬ȥץǽѵһٲɣȻΪǵϼĺ۸أ
û˵ǵḧųԴĬŵľâ
ħɽʥİģĿ
ȻϹжһĴȴǴţһŮӣǰһݣһöϡ
һУùǵñĿ쿴һ˫ȵã㲻ȥˣСӶã
ô
ԼɣѾħʵŹ֮͵ںħʿսˣ
ʲôһ÷ù쿴ܿҲɫѸٳҧгݣһڤͼλȥˡ򹷻Ҫأһ£ħʱӣǻû˰
仰Ҳһ°ֺ̾ÿ찡ôʱڣͿħŴˡ
ǵڳȴʧЦһΪҡҡԴİɣôǿ˶ˡɢʱǸǳҲ٣
ô
һ㶣˽ǿǵصݣ²⡭
º׿ѾӹԳ͸ǵĶʮǳأǰǧħ֮ء
ΪԭľַЩͷߵҲ⣬ҪȫٺõطµʱȻ
ʲôˣеɣټĽҡĽЩ֣˲żüá̶ʱڣƿȫ֡ʮؽ磬ȫУҲʥµĵڶƬ򡣱ϴλϲĵؽ磬ǧֹ
ֻǡ˫УովȽŸûõңȴǵʱ˼ǰ˻ҲǼֵ顣
ս
׿ܼңвӿֲ࣡һһһ׿ǰ档
üͷ΢΢壬׿૳ǽӵǹɣѵ˵ʺӥôҪжˣ
׿磬ΣҪ𣿡ʱƺǰüʵ˼ҲǸ߰ü־Ͷ֣ڱħʣҿɲһսԮģ
ʲô֣
ݺݵһۣ׿һǻԼͶˣǴ̣ǺԮǰҲˣƾʲô
ȻصͷƺһҲףֻڹħԳϣִڱ߾֣ѵֱˣ
Ҫ˵ĻǺò׽뵽˻֮ķȫˣ
Ҫ
ȫİ취ۻ𡣱ϾԹ˵飬ûʲôϵûҪֻͣǡҪΰأ
ϸϸ˼׿Īľ⡣
ʱһӰһһһϣ׿ܼңħԳ룡
ãҲȥˣ
һ֣׿ù򣬱ϰħɽȥչ򣬶˱
еħʶǣһ·ǰҲû赲
Գϣ˲Źһ񣬰ݵ׿꣬μħʴˣ
׿ܼҲؿ
˻֣׿£ԳϿżɽ׿ܼңƹܷǵȶʮǳأѾ֪Ϊ°ɣ
΢΢ͷ׿һЦƵͼ죡
ֹ죿Ҫˣ
ŭغһԳ˦˦֣нǺɫӥʵҲһ߶˿϶ˣҪּлʡǡΪӮ˱Σߣ׿ܼңĿģ㣬ҶǶʮǵˣǷȻȫܹ¹Ķ
׿װЩΪѣħʴˣҳէǿѹͷߣפҪȫƿƣ¿¡
ˣ˼ֻǴսڼϲˡ˵㻹֧Ԯ֮Ҫ֪ħԳϾһҲܰǴ仨ˮƨˣߺߣǻûʸ񣡡
һ֮ɫԳҧߵ
˴˶һۣ׿ٿĳħʴˣ¿սǲսΪ


1214 ݺȨı
ô׿ܼҴԺ⣿üͷ΢΢һԳϲؿ
΢΢һЦ׿վüν̵ְħʴȻ£һϾ˫ȭѵ֡йҲʧأռʲôˡ෴ģЩ˻ˣȴǿԳûѹδ˵ĵ̣òʧʺӥһսֺγأ
֪ܲ
üͷԳϲ̾һֻǡڲҪ򣬶϶ҲŰҪǲӦսĻƽױӶ᣿˵̲˵ʵŵ֪ˣ˭Ͷʣ
Цŵ˵ͷ׿ͬǲ򣬴ʧԴսҪֻǡɴ˴򣡡
Ҵ˭򣿱ʿǵĿ갡
Щۻ֮Ϊǡ
ǻһթĻȣ׿ζս˭룬Ȼ𡣴˺βЩ֮ˣսλãԼۻ֮ͽأ
һԳؿһۣ򣺡˵ͬˣǡʱ˭ͬأζԸλ˻ǿߣҵͬˣ¶ԷҲʨӴ󿪿ڣʧһսأ
ħʴˣͬˣҴ֡ͬǻҪսͬǳǿžˣҪһһ䣡
׿ܼңûɣ
΢΢ԳϽضȴǺĴЦ׿ܼңɵ㵽Ķȥ˰׳˻ı𣿡
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ıȻûУ֣Ҳȫۣǰ˻ʣ
ôҪĴۣɫһ࣬Գʵ
ǻһа׿ţһһٵħʴˣڤͼ֪⿪ûУ
ҪڤͼУ
һԳ˼꣬ݺҡҡԴȻܾڤͼڤ۵Ψһ쳣Щ֣֮һǽ⿪أ
ͼ䣬ǳܹ⿪֮ĻҲóˡΣǲҪڤͼһġرѡĵͼħʴ
ҲУǽ⿪رô죿
˵رֽžУ֤һӶⲻ
ֽţǲᷢ𣿡
ħʴˣ뽫ǵͼóʾһ΢΢һ̣׿һݡ
˫УԳؿãֲؽǵͼóչڶǰ׿̤ǰͼһһָʾ뿴ͼڵ㹹ɣرʱһ㣬ٵһ㣬˭֣ᷢĻԼϲɡϽǺ½ƣǻŲһ£ӦҲᱻ˷֡ͼȽϣ˭ܱо۾ˣƶϹ
Ȼص˵ͷԳϲɫ޳ڣ׿ܼƣȻˣĵͼһЩСϸڼ㲻ͬҲȷѷ֡һ£˽ĳ룬һǿװǣνĶֻǣǸȥ˭أ
˭ͼȻ˭ˣ
Цһ׿ⲽһһڶĳǣĻʰͼ׳Ȼῴ̫أԼر̸ܺ༸ʴȻҲõͼͻģȴˡϼڵ֮ɵӸʩչ˼ƣҪôͼرʴΪ˲ϧָġǸ֣ɹʻ࣡
ȻͷԳϿ׿񣬸̾ѣǻˣ˴ҡҾͶȥǶ̸У

ڰ֣׿ҡͷħʴˣĪļǵƣǶ֪ʱǼŵͼȥҲᱻǺһʡжĸԸΪã
ƤԳǼ˵ֻǽ׿ţãһ˷ܵصʵһôݺͬˣȫƾȫȨˣ
˿·֮£
һݣ׿֣صȻֺŰˣһĿĵأȻǳڵĵϼˡڶĳδɵĽףڿɵýȥ
ৣ
ոɽǰһƿʮλŮʱǰΪŴʦ㣬ɡ
ǻһаĻȣ׿ֺĿѾͷ鷳һ˵׿ħʴˣǰݷ޻ʴˣк飡
ߣСӣϴˣǻˣò𣿽Ȼеҵϼڣһɫһһ׿ȥǣҰͽ˺ɷ飬ȫʬ
ǣ
һ䣬ŮҲȻȫ׿ȥ͵ƣǵصѹ¡׿Ǹ͹ǾĻʱȻѹ࣬촦ˡ
ৣ
ʱһ׿ǰһ˦һĽâ㶸ûڳǰ

ıʱʮŮ³һ죬㵹ֵ˻ȥ̧ͷɫһƬɷס
ҲÿǰˣĻ˲䱩Уˡ
мƲƲ죬¶ĵЦݣ׿ȴ̧һǴħʴʹߣҳ֣͵ħʴ˳֡ôϼҲҪħɽս𣿡
ߣħԼܵУǿ𣿡
Ȼ׿䣬һ֮ȻһϤӰȻǰ׿һˣⲻ÷ʦôþò
ޣ÷ʦҲеģ
ȻǽУһЦ׿֪ܵ
÷仰ƺ׿ɧ÷ĵͼǺ޵ҧгݣСӣϴ׽Ūˣûأ
УڷӦ˰һΪ̫һӷͿأЦһ겻мƲƲ졣
΢΢÷ú޺޵һۣ˫ȭ߬ȴǲҶΪ֪Ѿͷ򵥣һʱֲʤѵ˵ġ
׿ǴЦһΪϴε°һٸؼΣҿǴħʵģǾô⣬ýȥ𣿡
ޣħʲô˲ģħɽ½ūţѧٻˣ
ǺǺǣ÷ãûʶ˰ɡ
ʧЦһ׿ɫһ֣࣬صħʣȷûʲô˲𡣵仰˵Ϊ㲻䡣ħʴȻǵϼֵ˫棬ֻߣ˳Ϊϼڡ÷ʦ壬ѵ˵ܴϼˣǴȨλأ޻Ѿˣ
㡭
Ƥֹס飬÷̣ȴԶԡֻǺ޲ȥһŰ׿ȴѹŭ
Ͼ˰δܹ⻤ؿ⣬׿һ仰˵Ҳܶԡ˼ħʴδãϵϼںħɽĵѹϵԼûȨҲûʸ
ֻһ͹Ǿ϶ʸ񣬵ԼȴûС
һˣ÷õʱѪˡ׿򽻵ټǧ


1215 ̸
÷ʦ壬ɱ
㣬Сôɱûӣ
ʱʵܲ׿ǵɪܹߴ١÷ȴǺݵһۣ
Ѿͷ㵱ɱԸɱ
׿һУǸӵ쳤ЦŮ񣬸
ৣ
ȻһٻӰǰ׿һǰʱһϲǣ
÷ʦ壬ʦǵһ𣡡ûпֻ˪÷ùһݣתȥʼնûһۡ
Ȼ׿̾ЦҡҡԴϴ򲼸ˡʾһ£ô𣿡
ͣڵʲôֺͣǻȻȣ׿̧ǰŮ죬š
ܿ죬ǱһɫĴڣһ̴ĵá׿һ˳ʥ˻֮һ޻ʣ
þòˣϹţߺߣ
޻Ҳ׿ϸϸһһ֣Цλ׿׿ܼҰɣ
޻ǰˣ˱ȭ׿һ䣬һϣࡣ
÷úӣһã޻վţǲš
׿ܼǻϲһʶư
˿۲豭޻΢΢һЦָҲ߳Ƶռ׿ܼң֪λкԨԴ
΢׿Цħʴ˳ʱҲйĸпֻ´СңҶݴҪλʧˣ
Ŷ£һȥ˶꣬һʱˣûʲô˵ģ
ѣħʴˣͬ𣿡
üͷһƣ׿Цµܺ棬λǲĺ£Ϊζλ£˸пܳΪλѣǷǷ֮ҲһǺǺǣ
ض׿ã޻ʲЦҡҡͷֲ񣬳ټѿɴûЦúܣúܣһһ㣬˼˷׿ܼҲͬһƽͣ׽
ŶħʴҲô˵ģǺǺǡȻһЦ׿˳豭ҲƷһڣ۵ľâȴһ
ֲ̥ǣ
׿ħ׿һתϧ׿һѾˡڳǰģڷ״ĥ׿
޻ʰ޻ʣıӣҲٿҵӰ˰ɣ
΢΢һ̣׿в豭£Ц⣬ãò裬ܽˮƢǵϼжŮҷ
׿ܼǶ֮ˣǵϼڵɽ裬ǳʱɴժȡմرҷĵطûƷ
Ŷժȡ
üͷһ׿ʱð⣬ȻڲһѰңƬժģʮߣлл
ۡ
һЦŮӿ׿һֿۣǣ棬Цϡ޻ʣҲǲݸҡҡԴ
ֻгǣߺ죬ŭصһۣʾ棬ҪȻ׿ڷұвҶȴûпŭ⡣
׿ܼĬĺܲǺǺǡ
Цһ޻ɫһ࣬⣺ôã֪׿ܼҴħڣкҪ̸
˰죬ûʲô׿㽫һԣ֣ؿ޻ЦʵҲûʲộֻи޻ʴ̸һ£

û
һ׿µ޻ʴҲӦ˵ҼҴ˺͹ʡӥʶ˵ĹᡣǶҪǲħʴ޻ʴ˳棬һ£ͣһ³ɣд
üͷһ޻ȻԭΪ¶ֻǹʺӥʶҲǺǵģƢ꣬²Ӱ
ͶˣǶ֮ԸҸҼҴ˿ս޷Ǿ˶ڣһô޻ʴǳͣվҼҴһߵĻ͵ʱɶԶľˣǶ˻ٴ𣿽ʱһǽԴϲ˫ձľ档Ϳ̿Ҳ´Ұ
ԭˣħȡ֧֣Դ˶ǰ
۾΢΢һУ޻һУȴǶȻҡͷϧ׿ܼҿϻظħʴˣ˻ˮǵϼڿɲȥʣ
޻ʴˣǵûأҲأ
ʲôҶȥʡҳ棬ȷʱǶ˱ˣ֮أǶ˵ĺ⣬ת޵ͷˣΪһ΢ĩ棬λ˻ʣ޻Ŀ֮ˣ
һЦ޻һ֣˲׿ܼذɣˣͿͣ
һ䣬ϱһȺŮӣǰ뻮һһ֣룡
ؿһۣٿЩɵĳǣ׿Цһͷվ̾ħʴ޻ʴȡģڡȻ޻ʴ˲飬ҾֻȥһˡڤͼҲȥˣ
ȵȣ
ᶯ޻ʺһ̧֣ȳո˵ʲôڤͼεڤͼ
ص˵ͷ׿΢΢һЦڤͼǲ汾ر
ر㻹ر
һԣ÷õʱϴθرﻹûأһŪǲǣ
ԣ޻Ҳɫ΢׿ţش
аЦһ׿ݺݵ÷һۣЦ£Ҹ˵ءǣðΣġͼǸҡ㵹ã棬ҿͷ֧ƱҲСĹַҪͼҪȻ裬Ȼŵԣһݵͼ
˵ţ׿Ťһǰǰ˶Цѵ˵ⲻеͼֻڤͼѡҿԸǷǵͼңҲԸǽֵͷϣ
׿
һĽͣʱжϡﻩһڻˡ
޻ڳأεĵͼ𣿡
Ȼħʴóףм٣
ؿ׿ȣΣħʴ˵ĽĿǰ˻֮ףʵġֻҪ棬ϼһﻹԹ˱УҲϣڵϼݹԿģȰ˵ħʴһͬ˱Ƚף֮޻ʴ˽ˡһУҪгһգǽߡҲ˽ϹˣϾҪ˱ֻҽһ˾͹ˣ𣿺αػҪٴһݵͼȥ
üͷţ޻ͷȻʵô֪ǵͼǼ٣
رʱǻͼϣԼ𣬶ǻĻһ˼٣
ãȻˣǾʹӦħˣ
һ޻ʴȳҲһ⡣
Ȼ»Žʣӥʺ͹֮Ӧùֲͷˣô˵ǰҲнʶţȫ


1216 ټ
һ̸ף׿˴˶һۣǡ޻ǲ˹ӭǳڣһ̸֮ϸ֮¡
˵ӰʧԶ޻ʽǿյԶ³һ޵ѹִӶ͹֮ãȷˢӡħǸç绢ˡ
ôʦ㣬
ոһԴûа־ܾɣһûּۻ۵ʸ񡣺ߺߡСӣħȴռƵģһף
ЦҡҡԴ޻ʵŵâѹǱԵߵãԺҪǣĪҪСӹ˲ǣ
ɫһ࣬÷öͷʦģǵҪףⲻ֪ðСӣƽ޹ʵֵģ
ԣ޻΢΢ͷǻĪЦ⡭
һ棬ϼɽǰ׿ҪȥһĴȴǶ
ȵȣ
һͣ׿ˣЦתͷȥȴ˴ҴǰˣǣˣڻҪȥ˵һȻҪһأɷ֮˵ʵæ
˵˵˭Ҫޡ
˫ղһ죬ոǰĳǣݺ׿һۣȻֵ׿ǸǰˣһΪֻǡ
ҶĵģʲôҲ˵ԺԻף
Ȼ˵꣬׿һǣ裬ǰ㣬δüӦǰԴൽǰһ£֣صһ죬һⵤϼڴߣ
ط쵽˲ӸȴûʲôŭֻһԴ͵øˣ΢΢ţ·ͷǻҸЦݡ
΢΢һЦ׿ٿһۣתȥ⡣Ҳǽһۣ׿һ뿪
ֻ³һˣŶ˽ԶȥӰЩ룬۵׵Ũ飬þòɢ
ºƬƬȺɽ֮䣬ⶸûӳӰ׿Ͱɡ
Ͽңңкֵһ̻Ի͵Ĺ׿΢΢һЦձȭȵħʹ׿ʴˣߴͼ
ৣ
һӰӣܿٴαһʮ˰ΧеĽУĵ£ɢŵĺâ
׿˼ˣΪ⣬¶
⣬Ҳнߡ
׿ôĹᰳǵǱǻûȻ͸ܵǵĵҰǲˣ
ģһһϤӰ֣ǰǹЦ
һ̣׿Ϊ⣬ֹ̧˹ȭҵ˭أԭӰþò
׽
ݺһ˦֣аЦһ·㲻ߣ㴳ڶĳǣǶĻʵ̣ǲö֡ڣԼģݹǲˡʦǣڽնɱΪϱ𣡡
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䣡
ǿײЩУֻգ֮䣬һ쳹صľ췢ʮѽ˲仯ΪмһءЩ֮ˣҲ̲֮ܵס³һѪɫصɳȥһűǺ濡ʱҰȥ޷սˡ
ֹͫסһ´󺧣׿Ͱˣ㡭ǾȻڽףǸҵţʦ岮ǣ֮أ
Σܴʰ˼𣿡
мƲƲ죬׿ֺ֣õףǴħʴǰ뽣ʴ̸ҪµġΪˣ֪⣬Ͻͨȥ·ɲֻǶħʴ˵ĲǶǽʴ˵ǴȥĻСģǽʴ˰ôµĵӣŶ𣿰ݼĿˣܲߣĪǣ˼ұ˲ɣ
㡭㡭
Ƥֹסһ飬׿ҭ˵ͬʱͷ亹ֱð
԰Խ֮ɲ㴫棬ȻʦУԼˣ
ݣ
ʱһ⻮һϤӰǰһϮ£ɷǣֻ˫ȿտҲƯȴǱ׿˫İüߡ
ؿ˶һۣзȴһ˦۰򣬳ȵʴ룡
ʹ·
ûһ׿ḩ㾶ǰȥбۿһۣһ·档
ϡ
ˣߣȴǱڰ֣סˣһнʴż
˵ţǰ죬һԡһĹ˱һƻֺĴڣʮ˸ӣʮ֧񽣰ɣݣ߷緶
һֻľϣΣһ׺ߣ絶̣Ŀ磬Ƴһۣļ䴩һ㣬һֹסʵʵʹС
ǿĽ
һݣɫЩأ˫ȭ߬𡣴˵ƣеһѹȸУʮΣա
׿һ֣һЦ
ʰ죬ּˡǶϱŰӲڣ϶˻֮׵λˣǺǺǣ
ಣ
Ȼƿһâ֣ͫһһ˫ָǰһСǺһ˫ָ֮䣬Ǻһ֧ĽС߳磬ƣָ׿λáҴʱ˿̣ǽֻк֮ɴ׿üڡ
գ
겻һһǳ׿ȥġ͵תͷǽλá
ǽҲǽţãһǣЦѾͷ֣ʦӺδ
׼Ҵ
һâзŭ¾ǽǰɣ֪Ǻ⣿
ߣƯڽߵһ£ޱؿˣҲվϽǱ䡣
бǶһֿۣ׿ʦܵһ˫СӿµİɣħʴϷͲˡֻǽΣٵ˫
ʲô
Ƥһ޺޵ؿҪ׿ܼҵ˫ȣûôף
ǺǺǡҽʵؽ磬ɾɲˡ˵ֻҪһ˫ȣҲǸħСˣĻΪܻųȥ𣿡
䣬ʶƴţһ̤˲˳ȥɱɽһѹ£ֱǴԪУࡣ
龰´󺧣Ҳ˿˿亹
˻ʵʵǿԶԿ˵ġ


1217 ̸
ֲɱ⣬ǧâʱҪԼķǽŵЩӲ׿ȴ̤һǰȥʮƽûаֻŸоڤͼģ
֨
͵ƶһͣǿҪ嵽ǰӣͣ׿дɻ󣺡㡭ո˵ʲô
ʴˣڤͼģɱǵĻ¾ʧȥһˣ
ߣԴҪЮϷôף
޺޵һ˦ӣƺΪ⣬һתȴ˻λ£׿ǺȵǾʲô˵ʱɲ࣡
Цһ׿ر˱ȭʴˣġҲ˵ӥʹʶ˵жħʴ˵ǲǣֻΪ˱Ϳ̿ϣɸΪ񲯡صóڤͼر뽣ʴ˳֣еͣһ
Լ򲻹ϷǰҲͰˡԭͼֻøرǷ̫޳ˣߣ
û취ħʴ˵ĵˣ
ҡҡͷ׿̾Ȼʴ˲ʣֻøˣ
˵ţ׿ǹһݣҪ뿪
ȵȣ
Ȼʱȴһȣסǡ׿ףзãôʴ˻кηԸ
ǰѽԼ˫ȿȻȥָָ̧ӵϵĽбƳƳ׿߳
ɫ䣬׿Ը
һĪľ⣬׿ȻһЦ̾ϳãȴǿЦʴˣɷ´ҿɲȱһ˫ȣ
ҵģ˭㿳Ϸʦ˫ȣҽʵˣ׸
ʴˣѾ˵ˣԴʲôҿģԸǣֻҪҵȾУ
ʲôģֵܵʦ˫ȣ
ڶĳǣλǰָΪڤͼڤͼӦֵܵ˫˰ɡ죬ҪȵĻǰҲ˫Ȼͼ
һת׿˽һۣɫ£΢΢ͷʾ⡣˫УҲǵͷĵãܰڤͼãֻܴħõ𣿡
òرõĻ
ر
üͷһ壬ٿһֻۣҲüͷ˸һ̾Դ
ررɣܹûкã
رĻòٵİɣ
ȻᣬзһģҲҶĻʼα
ãǾôˣȥðɣѾͷʣһİƣʵ
ǻһа컡ȣ׿ЦһϹ£ʴ˶ˣҪκʡֻҪڴ˴ħӥʶ֮УħʴԻԽرϣ
ʲô
Ӳһ𣬽ʺݺݵ׿һۣŭˣң
ʴˣγԣ
׿ϷڤͼرԼȡ㻹Ϊħ˵ôаëǮϵ
ʴϢŭȷ´ĳɹ
װһ󾪻ţ׿ٴ°ݣʵħʴѾҺѣǵϼڵ޻ʡʶԶʣʵ൱ӥʶ˱ɸꡣڵϵ飬صһ뽣ʴ˽ˡô˵ʴҲǰ˻֮ף򣬵°빦
ǣħʴ˶ԴȴЩᣬϾرˣڤǺǣġԣ¿νȰ˵ҹ粻֮࣬Ȱħʴ˸ı˼뽣ʴһǵжѣƤӣܵõڤͼر׼Ĳ˶٣ֶΪѵ⻹ΪʴĹ𣿡
⡭
΢΢һͣʿٿ˿׿΢ЦӣȴǵʱʧЦһ׿ѹڶĳǵĶϳͷȻթƻˢӡһħ߸Զλˣ
ʴ˹ҵ
زҵȷʸ񣡡
һЦʺݺһֵˣǻȥɣħСӵϷӦˡ͵Ҹʱ䣬̸һ£˳ѶĻʽԼһǵͼҲˣ
һݣ׿ϲлʴˣ¸ǣ
ţ׿ת뿪
ǵӰȫʧ󣬽ʵɫ΢΢һ䣬ֳСӣǽƻˣϷ򾹹ҧ⬣κβˣߺߡǸ͹Ǿȴ

һ죬һ֣߷ĳɷ顣
һԿţ󾪣æǰһݵʦôСϵĶ֮𡭡
ոѾ˵ôڤͼرϷ˫ȡЩʧ䣬ϲ
ǣǽǽ𣿡
ǽף˵ͣͣΣѵϼóѹǣǲҲνһڤͼֻǶƤӾܵõϵڱַɣ
ˣɿԿ˫ȡôҲΪĹͣΪħʵ˵ô׹齻ףûˣҪɫ޺޳
˴˶һۣʺȴʧЦҡͷ
ԺҪСӣ֣ϳ֣аֻƬ
ΪΣ
ΪֻҪһڣûκζֵˣ
³һĵǰϷԳ֣ȴʧȥʱڤͼһͨƣƵǵɣϷûжֵɡǴħģɱ׾ͻˣʮںסԣǲٳˡСһȱסԼħ񣬰
ԣסˣȴҲһ̾Ϣ
˫ȵˣʱֲˡ
һº׿ٴλصħɽԳȺʱһӰ㼱ǰѯʣôˣ̸ǲ֪⼸ӥ϶ԽԽˣǳǱͻϮ¡ǱһֱڵĻرھѾԳǸˣ
ħʴļһж統ϣչ˳
ŵĻȣ׿޻ʺͽʶˣԸͦˣֻҪһŵͼرûж⸽ӡͿǰһ赶ɱˡΣӥʺ͹ʶˣҲزУ޷ܣ
ǰһԳϵϲ׿ܼҲô׾ˣʵҲãԷǶʣ̸һϲģߣ
Ӣ
һݣ׿ǻЦݡ
ħɽºһƿ𣬽޻ʶǴͬʱһŻӣС


1218 
ŽºڷԳϴʮħĴӭǰ׿Ȼڵһλʣ޻ʣþòαܵλϲ񰡣
ħʿˣҲ޹»»ȻǺǺǡ֣ر˱ȭ˽ǳЦʸֱ˵ǲȰŵǵĶóһǿƤѼ˶ˣ
˵ţóһָߵһӡ
ͫһԳϵʱгĻʣҲˣ
Ȼˣ̬ʷҪ֤Ҳûʲô£͵ո֣ȥڤͼǷƽһЦĻָ
ȻҡҡԴԳϲÿɷ񣺡Ļ˵Цˣֳľͼƽ˼ʮ궼ûɹŶհּر࣬йȥƽܣˣ
Ҳô˵ʱ͸ĲһҪʱǴǻֻۡСȴ޴ǻۣνޣ㡣Ҳȫռգƽأ
ιιι˰ɣͼӰûǰڣⲻǰɪô
ڰ֣ǶԻʼȻ̸ǰȻǰͼóһϽɣ
˴˶һۣħĻʶ˲Цһ㻥๧شȥ
룬ǰһ׼ķԳйâһóȥһһ򿪣ʱ¶žֽ
мһţȽϹӣǰһȻȷǾڤͼԭɡŶʮո£ȴ׼õرˡ
ͼֽչգۿȥһģһȫǺڵ㲼ǿգ׵СʫҲͬʼġȥû˿
ڤͼرǴΡ
޻һ÷ã汾ǰһ̾Ȼֺݺݵ׿һۣƺպ׿ϴεϷŪ
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷȻĻʣһݵĻǰͼ汾ǷΪ棬رġк©ָ
汾ûʲôɼģ˼٣
ƳһۣĻʶͷ汾ֽϹڤֽֽأˮ֣УʧֻҪֽϵͼһͼǰͼرɣ
˵ţĻǿһһ쿴
ǺһʱȥˣʱȥˣûвһرһȥȷһرαȻȥ쿴һš
˼ϸҲͲţϾ¹˫ĳ⣬Ļ֮ܵ
ڣ󣬶Ļʽر£ֱֱͷû⣬ġúϸûһ˿
ԣҲǵͷ¶Ц⡣
ôڣǾħһˣȥ˵һ£϶˻ȥɣΪ̫ƽߵıҪõ֣Ҳû
޻ҲǼͷʾͬ£ͼ
ʱԳȴһ֣ȵȵȣʸˣ
ô㲻뽻ˣһʸæ
ҡҡͷԳһЦǲףǼӸλֻҪƤͽͼرߣǲ̫ˣ
Ҫüͷһ˻࿴˿¶Щ
ǻһа죬Գ֣˱˱ȭһ飬λɡڤͼļֵλӦö֪λõͼرʱٰҰһ¡
ʲô£
֣ӥʺ͹϶ĵ̰ȫ
ʲô
һɫʱأ޻ʸֹסе׿ܼҸǴĻУûҪǳֵ˼ô㡭
ǰ
ʱ׿Ҳ澪ɵħʴˣλ̸޳ҪڹȻڣƺװɣ
ʲô׵ģһʱһʱķݶ£ݺݵһۣԳȳ
׿ΣֻҡԴ̾˿ˡ
ţԳֿ˵׿ܼȥλЭ̵ʱδս֮ʱǶ˵ҲˣҶûʧڣ˵ѾҶˣʮǳءҪǻһسӣĶ飿ڣУҲԸˣߣ
üͷ壬ɫʱرȴЩᡣǳΪرͼƺ
ħʴˣˡСĶ죬ô̫صˣ
ʱ׿£ٴվڤͼȻ󣬵Զˮⲻ˽ʣƽйؼҲԺˡڽʺ޻λħʴȡ̵ĻضҲˣûе㲹˵ȥ飬ӥʶ˵ĵ̶ħʴܹ֣λˣҲ㹲ͬеĳ͡ټݵͼرӦֵˡ
ˣ
Ȼ䣬ԳǴһȻҾʤɹǲ̫ˣ׿㾿˭ˣ
ˣҵȻˣϹ棬̫ͣ˼Һ㣿
УٸǶʮǳأҿǻݵͼء
ħʣ
ǣδ䣬ȴһȴˣΪ׿ܼԺʱĳɹҪ֮һȻԳ
޻ʣ㲻Ҫۣһһݵͼأ˫ͫһԳ̲סȳ
һЦ޻ʲÿɷ񣺡һʱһʱ裬ҪǱΧǷݵͼܰΧ֮ȻҪսҲȥˣûսսȴǲϧĲġʴˣѵԸƽ޹ʸ˴𣿡
ǺǺǡϷɵӣû㣡
㡭ǡ
Ƥֹס鶯ħҧгݣǺݺһ˦֣ŭãǱ㣬ȻƽʤɹǾҽˡݵͼҲͱ𡭡
ǻҪ
ΪΣƾʲô
ƾǶǳģǳֶ޹ʹȴǱֵġбƳƳʲһЦǵͼ˵ıɣ
ڴڵشŴħʺݺݵǣ͵һ䣬ת뿪ðɣǱˣξ͵ˣ
㡭죬ߣ
·׿ǰʱԳϺݺָнŭ𣬴һ㾶뿪ˡ
ֻ¿Ц׿ɫĽʺ޻ǡֻжĻؿ׿һۣǻаĻȡ
Сӡ治򵥰
׿ܼңġԭͼ𣿡
ԳòӰ޻ʱ׿ǰ̵
üͷһƣ׿аؿһۣѾ׼رλΪλҪأǷǡ
ŶֻԸһڤͼ׿ܼңǧᣡ
΢׿΢΢һЦͷλɣ뽫ġõͼֽĻʴ˱档Ļʴ˵Ĺ˹áκ󣬸λܴӶĻʴûرɽף
ף
΢΢һЦ޻뽣ʻһۣóֽţʼڤͼ汾ġ
һУ׿һЦ
ϼһǰһСĽúܰǺǺǡ


1219 ˻ս
ʺ޻ʶˣŵͼ쳣ϸġ󣬻Ҫϸϸȶԣֱҹ󣬷ŷĵͷرмˣĻʱܡ
ţ׿ħɽλߣ׼ϳˡƺɶԴŭ𣬾ԼˡʼգħԳϾǶû¶棬ʧ̬
һ㣬ʶȴǸˣԼûп׿΢΢ȭ󣬱ش뿪ˡ
ֻжĻ뿪ǰؿ׿һۣЦħʴ׿ܼԸ
һ䣬ҲЦһˣֻ׿һɽͷǷĪЦ⡣
ô黹˳𣿡
ʱħԳϲȻش˳׿Ц⣬Ļǰŭɫֱǵɪء
һ׿ϴȻЦݣ˷ģһж˳Ϊ˾õĻϵĵͼᾡǲƽӥʶ˵ģ
׿ܼ˰ȻͰڲϸųҡҪǰ鷳ǣ
ħʴ˹ʵⲻǶˣ
һЦ׿зĹâֱҪǳȣóڤͼҲӦʡǵУƭ̸ϣȻ˱ԡ˵һʼʵĵͼֻֽĻôǿʵжĻֿ֤ɵãǻܾовˣ
ٹִһһ
ţԳϴЦһҸǼС׿ܼΪȡȽ֮£Ȼԥվ׿ܼߣȴˣǷսǸÿǵ顣˳ˮۣԼûʶⳡǱܱܿսˡ׿ܼҳ֣ȱǰЩͷıǿˣ
ȻһЦ׿ٴιħʴ˿ֻħʴ˰ˣίˣ
ûϵֻб˳£̫ˣ»ᱻǿؼǣ´ҪңҪڤͼرߺߣ
һЦԳϿ׿ǻ컡ȡ
׿ҲղصͷаЦһóŵͼ汾лһƿһãȾŵͼ
Ҫġ漣ϧͼҲֽţֻҪⵤҺϣͼ϶ĺڵȻʧеģһżͼ
⻹׿ܼ㣬ϵﲻģġְ
һľâԳϺ׿˴˶һۣЦ
ЦգԳɷôǲǸǶˣһټӥ϶
ħʴ˴Բӣսǲܲ룡
ŶΪΣ
һ㶣ԳϹǳģ˭룬Ҷò밡׿ܼңǷкƣ
¶һصЦݣ׿ϸϸħʴ˿һ£֣ӥʶ˱ذܡ˻ǽأολ˻ʣʱ֪Լذɵǣ޵˭һ㾡ȫͬھʱǱʧأʶˣܱۻľٶȻҲսȴᾡֻܾˣ˵
û⼸˻ûһöһó۾΢΢һУԳҧ
ȻһЦ׿ô˫սʱҲĻӥʶ˱ضȫӦǣս˲أۻľˡʤʱͬݽ룬һãգ
ǰǲһһ䣬Ϲ֮һĵֶ̣ΪǰһԳϲɴϲ׿ܼң˼
˵Ҫħʴ򹤵ģͬˣ׿˵һթ׿ĳ
ԳϿһۣǴЦͲϡ벻֪Ϊı֯ʤ֮ҲŹص˾һסҲˡ
һºħѱ˶ʮǳأӥʵҿ񣬸˿ɵ
ⲻ쳣֣Ƕ֣Ҳûɽħʴúм֮ôô׾͹ộһ˿赲ûС
ӥʶˣҲǷԺ
ʱͻ֪ʲôһĽʺ޻ʶˣͬʱӥʶսˡ
ңսͳ׼õһ㡣
Ǻߵս»ûǱжʱٳ£νܵСħʱûκζӥʶһ˼ɴȸǿƵ񾭲ɣ˳ħ
ħߣûһһ䣬ʧء
Ҳǲİɣ˱֮󣬶˳±߾һܣ쿴ħûʲôӦ˱б˽ʺ޻ʶ
ʱ˿̣ǽǱ߾֮ʮǣսۣ
ⲻӥñף̻ӱؾȣϡ˵ûģѾĸʲôʵ̫صˡ
Ǻ˵ıһϱǿ׳ʼ˷ˡȻ޻ʵıǿҲʧء
һ¹ȥʶǣƲɵʧҲķ֮һˡ
һ£ʺ޻ʵ΢΢ʹҲʼϡǲӥʶˣϾ˼ұԼĵ̣Ӧʲôģ
и̵ģǸħԳϡȫģһˣңڣⳡսĻʵˡ
Ҫħܹл˲
ڣĻǽһҪװսȴô׵ˡħԳϣܿԴΪɣܾǵͼرǲͰ״
սһʼͲκͣˡһУҲ׿ּɵģ
ߺߣʥ˻ʣΪһͳߣɱ;Ǳ˴˺˺ɣǺǺǡ

һУ쳹񷣬֮ʬ֮һֻɣͷӥһᣬաıϣǸյĿӣзŵâӥһ㡣
ʦ㣬ӥսˣһУݺ÷żæŵܽ
üͷһ޻һۣӥϼһˣ˻սǶ㲻ˣⳡսҪˡãҵϼʮܵǣ
ǣ
һԴ÷ȥ޻зźâһ̤ɳ⣬תս֮ϣöӥ
ϼһڳˣһΪҪƴһһأ
޻ʣϷˣҪͻϮӥ򣿡
ΪΪʳﶼûңֻ֮У֮°ˣЦһ޻ŵâ
۾һУӥȻħ𣿺ߺߣ˵أö˶˵ģͽôͻȻǷѣ˵ɣʲôôӥ˫ϣ
ǺǺǡӥʣΪѰ붯ǶĶûУ
Ǿû취ˣֻпսˣ
˫һӥһ䣬µľӥ͵޻ʸȥɱ⣬ֹסɢ


1220 ʥɽ
ӥգ
һȣӥһӣһֻŽɫâľӥ㶸ڷɳֱ񷣬ԽԽڸ졣˫һչӵգʯһ㣬ǵص¡
ֻգ֮䣬Բǧ֮ڣȫһƬӿһ㣬𵴣ӿɢȥһж˷顣
˫ѽɢˣһ£ʮ֣꣬Ҳ㲻ȥ
ֻԶ֮أԶһеˣҲֹסһԼܵÿ졣
ͬʱҲ̾˻ʵȻͬ죬Ѱʽ׸ܱȵϵġ
ʦ㡭
üͷ΢΢һ÷ԶԶһУ̳֮Ϊġܿ죬һЦ·ƽһ㣬ʱ㴫ǵĶУǺǺǡӥʣһ־óԼĻʼӡ㻹ƴ
ৣ
һ͵ϯܣ̳ȫòӰ
һ֧ʮɳ£Žɫ뵭Ļ꣬ϣ˼䡣޻ʻڻ֦ͷϣǵô磬ȴĶˣǻһ˿аЦ
ʼӡ
۾һ꣬ӥʲЦϷ˷ӥǾ޾ءҶ˽֣֮ս
һ̣޻ʲÿɷ񣺡ع棬һһˣҲʤҶȴͬһҪܱģ
ߣԹرҪܵľ㣡
Ǿԣ
üͷһ޻һЦȻ͵һۣؽ׸߼似ٻţ֣
䣡
һ䣬췢ؿʼѣһɫֻֻ߰գ֮䣬ܳʮֱ֮࣬񷡣
ʱ䣬ণӰɣƺܽ춼ǿƣӥʣҲɫһ࣬ʹ·ӥһ߿նȥ뿪Ӱ֮
мƳƳ죬޻ʼˣһЦôף𣿡
޻ʣҪ⣬ϷҪֻ𣬿ҲѴ֮һ䣬ӥһӡؽ׸߼似Ӱӥɿʳ

䣬ͷǾ޴Ľɫӥâһ˸ȫ鿪ΪɫĹ㡣ȻЩ㣬һ󶶶ٴαΪһֻײеϸСӥݵһϵʮٷӡ
ȥǰӥ£ӿޱȡ
޻ʼҲֹסɫһһϱ㸲ǰ棬
飡
ҵĳײ˷ЩĴָСĽӥ£ǿҲǸѣķ򣬱زк
ӥʼˣ¶˵Ц
ǣײʱãĴ֮ϣȴٲ޻ӰͬʱǻʼӡҲˡ
ֻд룬һһ׼Բס
Ƥ΢΢ᶶӥʰ˼Եض棬ѵ˵Ƕݵˡ

ǣڴʱһ𣬶ʱӥʻûӦǰݵһһֻ糤߰ؾǺԵصֱֱܳǰϮǹɿֲɱʱһл쿴Ǳܵһ̤ӥѸϸ߿롣
ۡ
һطͬʱ¾ӥĲҽУҲأ
һӥʸæ׿ȥȴ̲סʱһϲ˲亹ֻʱ˿̣ʮɳľӥȻû˰ӣѪȪˮӿɫҲǼΪʹ࣬׹䡣
ո֮أǴһֱֻľͷһֱʮɵֻ̡̣ȴѪڣ죬лǷӥİӣ죬˳ľҶ˲䱻գѪȿֲ
޻֮ϣӥʵа
û뵽ʳ˻
˫ȭ߬ӥҧгݣ˦һӣٴμγһֻɽӥȵ޻ʣɱϷҪʬΣԼӥ֮飡
ȻһЦ޻ʲÿɷ񣺡ոӵÿ죬ÿɾͲֻʮޣԼСҲ뱣ˡǰܾ֮ȴְ£
޻ʣݵ⣬Ϸշǰл˺Ƭɣ
˵ʲôɫһ䣬޻ʺݺݵһۡ
˵л
һɱ⣬޻ʵһ־µǸʳ˻̱㶸ճȥ
ͬʱҲһƬǧܳİ㣬ֱָӥʷ
ӥҲǺǵãֻһһӥأ𣬰ǽɫľӥ£ͷգҲǷȵĹâΪһΪӥ󡣷ۿȥʮ֮ڡ
أâԵ·ʿɱһ㣬˫캳صȫһϾҪݺײһӿƣֲδɢ˷ȻһϢ
ԶԶˣҲֹסӷ㷲λ˻ʵĶսȥ֮ذ
ס֣
ȻʱһȺķ쳹֮䡣޻ʶһȴѳ֣ջء
ݣ
ҲҲǵ״˺ûջؾСֻղĻֻԼֹˡ
ƿڳ˶еһĻֻ񷾡ͷ֪ʱǷ԰׵Ľâֻ֮˲Ϣʱ䣬޻ʶ˵ǰɹ

ֱڵжϣޣЩµĽɫӥҲգ۶ϳ룬Ϊ㣬ɢ
ֻһɵľӰʮ˰̵ͬĽ棬˫ȭһ죬˲ͽ޻ʵʳ˻ӥʵǾ޴ӥУ޷ƶֺ
ǡ
ֹͫסݺһ˽Ǵʧɫ껯ʥߣ
˵ʥɽʥߣ壡
ǾӰԴ룬ƯһӢ꣬ؿǵ˵ʥ˻ʴսͿְֹ̿ɣոʼӡϣɢݺˣ
̲סһ´󺧣׷°ݣлʥ飬Ƕ˸м
ϻ˵Ǵ˴ɽǷʦ˻Ҫ£˭֪ǾĴ£ߣ
һָʹһº󣬵ȥҪ·Ը
һ䣬建ɿǾƣһʧֻ޻ʶľͷƤ顣˴˶һۣϾƸոճԹֻüͷ淺ǡ
ʥɽʥߣһֱչУö˶˵ģôɽأһγɽΪ¼һΣѵǡ
ƺȻ˴𰸣޻ʲһ̾һ
ģһбʥɽҲʲôöߣ
ͬһʱ䣬ҲƴĻڵأѷʱһҲͻȻֹ֣ȻǾۼ˻ʵ
һ£ⳡϯʽ׸ֵս˲ƽϢˣûһΪ˿ġΪɽеϻڳɽЩưԵĺ޼ɵӣһȥˡ


1221 ټ
ʲôʥɽˣ
ħɽڣħź󣬲һȻŭһͽֱߵӸĳ˷顣
ʥɽ粻ƫƫڹ۶ʶҪȡʤʵˣǵңƤӰ£ⳡսͣˣʧô࣬˭û̵κκôʵдߣ
նûʲôʧ㷢ʲô𣿾ҪҲǽʡ޻ʣʦһ
òôһս£͵˶ˣڹһҲǸʧ˰
ֻʥɽģܳӦΪˡ
°ͣ˼׿ԳϵħʴˣڤͼǴʥɽҪѵͼȥˣ
ȥƾʲôݺһ˦ӣԳ
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿Ҳǳ̾һǰѾǧ࣬µ汾ҪҶ˲ֵֻԼһŵͼ󣬸øỹøᣡ
һԳһۣ뵱ԼʦΪ¼ʥߵĽѵҲֹס̾һα۾
ǰʦ¹ڰ˻ʣ㱻߻ΧȻڲ֮أʥ߳֡
ʥɽ
ŭһԳϴڴڵش˼ɫЩͨ졣
Ƴһۣ׿³ĵħʴˣ֪ƽǵͼûأƽˣ汾ȥҲν
ƽ⣿µĵͼһʱƽ˵ģҡҡͷԳϳ̾һƽˣҲͲںⶫȥˣ
â׿Цһʵڤͼµ򣡡
Ŷ׿ܼңƽ˵ͼ
ƽⲻ˵ֻǴ˸򣡡
зͺðҲġһرϸϸУǰһԳϵϲóͼǰ׿ܼңķʲôʾһ
΢΢һЦ׿һݣǰָͼı߽ǵĲ򣬾ôͼһͼ
࣬׿ܼһࣿ
֪һҲ֪Ϊ΢ȻҪ¿๦ˣȻɷˣ
Цһ׿⼸䣬ƺǴһƬ򣬶мĳЩطҲиֻܼ֮ĺڵ㣬ȴǲжϡ
üͷţԳ˼ĻȻ򣺡ˣڵһǸڡ׿ܼңֻƵĵطرɳͺãЩģͲˡ
ħʴʥҲģѾɺˣ΢΢һЦ׿óһŰֽǰȥ뿴ǹɵĴͼ
æùϸϸ쿴һԳֹסͷȻԳǰһЩͼܳɵͼгⲻʥ𣿡
ӢЩǳΧʥΣ
ͶˣǳΪ򣬹ճʥڤڣͼλáֻǡأ
ǵЦݼţ׿ҲװɻָͼҾͲ̫ˣ֮УЩǳãǾŻǻȪ򡭡
ȵȣȪ
ǰ֮˿򣬶ǻȪһǣرʹҪӣض׿ر˵
Գü˼ǰһЦǰڤǵظȪ֮أڤ𣿶գڤ֮ţ
⿪ˣڤͼҽ⿪ˣ̲ס쳤ЦԳ˸߲ҡ
׿ǹһݣϲ˻ǣ˫ϲˣ
׿ܼң̫άˣû´ĻӦѽ⿪˰ɡǰ֪ͨһѡ
ʧЦҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡˿޶ۣ
ˣҲذѹϣҿġ׿ܼţʿҪһأ᲻ҲͱЩҷһƨάˣ
ϲ⣬ԳϽǵͼջؽָ׿õڤΪʥߡǳΪ۾ʱ¡׿ܼһҵұۣһ֮֮ϣһģ
л۾
бƳƳ׿һݣ°Ц
Ȼôڤ۴Уҳȫˣֻ⼸ˣҲڲǺǺǡ
һº󣬰˻ʶԼţȫ۽ڡֻʱ˿̣ǽԼĵ̣Ҳֲˡ
λŵһˣǺ壬һˣüĿ۵ĺâȴһš
ݼλʥߣ
е˹£Ҳû˵ֻк΢΢̧̧֣ưɣ
лʥߣ
λϣɨһֺۣħԳϺڣ
ʥкηԸæǰԳϹٲƽôԵ
Ƴһۣĵ˵ڤͼ£
ʥߣȷ£
ɽ⿪аأ
ʥߣ޶ۣûУ
˱Ƕȿƽ˵ģЦһһؿ˿ᣬǾͰѵͼɣ
ϣԳЦȴǹâһؽͼϣʥּ⣬ͼڴˣʥ߹Ŀ
΢΢ͷǺ˳ֽ⿪ϸϸһۣЦЦȻֵݸ߿
ôͼûв𣿡
ֻһͼѣֿ߱Գϣʵ
¶ǫЦݣԳʮֹ˳ܹͼʥߴˣԳϵԸаֲ֮ʵϣ´˸λʥɽʥУԳţͼˣ
޳ܣ
һūŵɲЦȴһġ
֪˼ԳƽͼˣĻںϲϽأ
ܺãһסģ
ƺЩɣɽԳʵˣرûеĻͼٸȥһ
ЦҡҡԴԳϱֵغѣʥߴ̭ˣ¼ȻĳҪͼףر˵һԸܹʥɽ£ǰ˻ʵΣҲΪʥɽȶףøλĲ𣿶ۼܹĴڣرֶôЦ
൱
صͷǻЦݣʦ׿һҪöˣСӾǲ֪㣬ͼƾħ۴Уʥɽ֮ϡ㲻ûзǷ֮룬ɰҲ
ʥߴ˿佱
һݣԳЦ仨ȴһ
ߺߣûᣬȻ˭Զͷ֮£İ˻ʣĸǲȥ
ܿ죬Ҿͻˣٺٺ١
ԳһЦԶ׿Ҳɫƺ뵽˵걻ʥɱ棬ȭͷ΢΢
Щʥɽϼһǣ׹ǵģֺԶףʥȻһ뱻˻ƹܣ˻ֺγӳǵƿأ
һȺ⣬ȴһֱǣˣһϼһһһľʥԴû򵽵۾
Ҫܳɹܳɵõˡ
˵ܹ۾żĻӴӷ״Щɣһǰǣƺܡ
αӣ±Ӱɣߣ


1222 Ѱ
ͼ汾ָУɨ༸ʣָǵħʣҪʲôãʲôãҪи㣬磡
ǰǰ˵ǺǺǡ
һЦͷȻ޻뽣ʱ˴˶һۣһ̾ȹһݵˣǰǴħġرھڶĻﱣ棬Ҵ˽
΢΢ͷߵһֱǳЦƺ֪
Ļһݣҵæǰһ񣬴ӽָóŰֽϣǽʴ±ر˹Ŀ
ţ
һ˳ֽӹȴչһۣ㲻ȥǽŶĻʣаЦڤͼģûʲô˵𣿡
ЦһĻʽóһŰֽϣʵʵʵҲԤһر˹Ŀ
Ļʰڰ˻֮۶࣬ڤͼв֪꣬һû¶
²ֻҪƽйؼҵڤںһϸ
˵꣬ĻǼ̬Уȴֱ߻ӻִˣˣ㲻˵ʲôҶֻ֪ϷҪȰλһ䣬ĪҪǵСžţʥɽ˿ɶ֪ǡǧٲħʵĺˣ
һ˻ʵʹԴмӣĬȴǿ־塣ʥɽʥãܹܵ˵ġ
۾һ£׿ȴĵһɺ⣡
ˣˣˣǱ㶼°ɣҺ廹ҪЩ顣Ҳעһ£˻ʿЩ䶯ˣи㣡
ɨڳһۣһ֣˳ȥֻһ仰ȴ˶̲סһ飬ɫ
˻Ҫб䶯ѵ˵Ҫȡ
в⣬˹˳Ǻܿ죬Ǻƺʲôе޻£
һͣ޻ʻ׿һۣɻУ˴Ȼǰһݣ֪˻к£
޻ʣҸһİ˻ʣ˹ָ彫޻ٵǰϸҸ׶㣬ҲΪΣôǰشҸ׵飬ôˣ
ˣ޻΢΢һЦͷ˷ģܺã
ȻˣǲǸðǼһˣ
³һǺзž⣺ѾͷǶôʱ䣬ǲǿԸһʥɽˣ
⡭ִ̫˰ɣ
ҲԣżأԸ⣬Щ鷳
üͷţ岻̾⣬ǰ뿪ʥɽֲԵ޹ʱʥɽ˻ɣ÷ŶԡĻҲˡ
ԣ޻Ҳͬص˵ͷԱλȻһЦÿɷ壬㲻̫ǣʥɽݣҪһŮӷģǼ򵥵ĺ޻ʣ˵ǰɣ
ǣǺǺǡ
æԴ޻ȴһɬ
Ҫǰ˵ѾͷƺһԽԽ׽ˣ֪ܷ񡭡ӦûаɣϾʥɽȣСʲôأ
һ棬߻ʸո߳Ѹپ۳һѣOO@@̽޻ʵų⡣ƽﶷòɿħʡӥһǰڿսأʥɽֵѹȣȴַ·Ƶģ鱨ŸԵʧ
޻ʸʥߣʲôè壬ôƫƫˣ
˭֪ѾһŮύĹ㣬ʱԸ׿һʱֻǰ֪жôѸ٣˭֪Ȼʥˣһɾ֪ͨģ
ɣʥһ¼˭ûݶˣ˲ȱ¸ʲô
ˣǰ£ؼڣʥɽƺѾ¶˻ʵ˼ǸΪ˴˵ĺ·һˡ

һ֣̽ÿһüչ̾׿һţʱյĴţ³
ɧǺʥɽˡҲһȣ
ˣʥɽʲô̬ȣǶΪﵣ£Իظԣٹɣ
Ǻܿ죬Գϱ˱˱ȭ뿪ˣǣ
׿Ҳһ뿪ⲻڳһԻħʣǼƢƽһţô˴£ںأ
ʵ֣
ĻʽضȥıӰź֮ɫƺ˵ʲôαΪѵȻںʥɽ̬ˣ˻ô˵ɡ
һܺħԳϻصħɽһֻ׿һֹ࣬סЦ
ʥɽҵڤ۵ڤ۴УںǣޣʥɽͳʥӣһȥˡͳƬؽߣֻһˣԳϣ
ȣԳϵž⣬ȻȲ׿׿ܼңϵмŵùģһȥѰڤڣ
΢΢һЦ׿һȴҡԴĪļʥ߻ûɽأڶ֣ѵǻȸں𣿡
ԶԶԣ׿ܼ쵰ڣȷö֣ҿɲصʦĸޣ
Ȼص˵ͷԳΪȻô׿ܼңǸô죿ʱְ
ڤһʱҲƽˣǵȵν鷳뿪ٶֲ١ʱ䣬˾ͰúڵԱɣ˶Ŀ
ãͰ׿ܼԣˡ
һȣԳϽ׿鴫ȥֻʮǳأҹ⻹ٿغɽ󴨡
ʱ䣬ΪħɽһȨ죬ǰδСħ£֪ħʴߵĵһħȻ¢ħɽһȨ׿ܼңǺ÷ϣֻǸ͹Ǿˡ
ҲǳͣܿӹЩطҴࡣʱ⣬ħеȻһ£ȻԳϵһ㣬оڹˡ
ڣλʥ߶ԴҲͷмӡȻԵõطʥɽ֮С
ʥ뿪Գǿ궯ģٴ׿ܼңڿԶ˰ɣ
ȫٵ£
ͬһӣ׿һϯٴνԳǽĺĹ
ʱ˿̣ԳħʣǶ׿ƴӣٲǰôԡ˭׿˼㣬ٷأôһʦԱߣʹӲ˴£ʧĻԼ
ԳֲɵҲĻǰѣԳⱩƢһȹȥˡ
ģħʻħʣҪģ
ڣ¹ȥһжƽʥɽƽûʥ¶棬ԳǼڲˣ׿ܼңû˰ɣ
ˣǳɣȥѰڤڣ΢΢һЦ׿ͷӦǡ
ԳһʱֵƨƨߣЦֹƺڤ۵ĹȻ䵽Ƶġ
һ˸߲ҵӣ׿ʧЦһֿգþǰһ㣬ǺǺǡ


1223 
ݣ
һƿдеɽּ䣬˼ϤӰΪ֮ˣħԳϡǰ׿һСڲͣҲ쿴ȴ˪ɡ
׿ܼңȷڤڣ⸽𣿡
дżУԳϻ׿׿ʵҲֻֻ׿˪ĳλɣħʴ˵Ҫ£ݲһ
׿ģķλҶȷϹˣв
΢΢һЦ˪ԵúţȻɫһ࣬յգһ۾ֻǻǳ͵˶仯ұȷյλòСɴ˿ڤͨҲʱ仯ŵģ
˵ͷ׿ֿԳϵħʴˣｻ˪ɣһܺܿҵڵģ
һǳ˲ŰôһСȻ˾֮ͨʵѵãȻص˵ͷԳһ̾ͶʣǱ컯
ȻһЦ׿΢һħʴ˹ˣҲ֮̾˵ľۼ˵ɴ£Ҫħʴ졣ϣһɳҲܹ˼ҵȽ֮ӹգҲˣ
ģʲˣЦһԳϲÿɷȻ˪ţһһһš
СѾͷˢӣва׽
ǺںܳһʱĿȴУ˪ɳüչⲽȷܿ죬㵽˻ƻ裬̫ҲҪɽˡûҵκζߡ
ԳϵģҲһ£ĵ˺ɡ
Ѿͷва
ֻҲûռǲ֮ˣҲֻˡ
ڣ˪ǰһվϲҵˣƵһٶʮ˶ȣƫƣйŲ´䣬
ݺݲ˲Ƚλã˪ʮֿ϶
ǰһ׿˲ϲȻ쿴
ڤڣǡôȥһƬдеӲݣԳϽ׿дڴ
΢΢һЦ׿׼óٿʥʯ৾ǸطһʽͨȻοռϹʽֻҪҶˣͨ磬򿪽磬֮䣡
Ϲʽ
һԳؿ׿һۣ㻹һϹŵʽͼʥɽܣô
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ҴģҲôһѣôܸʥɽӴĴأٺٺ١
˴ˣǻǸϽͨɣڤѾǰˣ
ԳϻЩɻ׿æ飬עȻڤ飬Ϸ˶׿Ĳɣ˷ܵصԴ
ţ׿㿪ʼ־ڤΪҿĻԹĪֻΪڤ·ǰհ߳
ˣ
һεĲʽķĿİ׹⣬Ȼһ£һֱϾ˲ͨһǳΪĹâ
˪һУǣ·ǶԵģڤһǽǲ硣Կ·ҲһҪн飬ȥڤһ£͸ڤͼˣ
ãǰȥڤѰڤ۹
̲סһԳ˷ܲѣⰡҪҳƵۣ
ȻЦһЦȴǶȻ𣺡ħʣȻƿڤͼϷ갡
ʲôˣ
üͷһԳɫ䣬ת׿ȥȴӰһϤӣĳǰħϵܣ벻Ϸʮ궼ⲻ⣬̶һ겻ͽ⿪ˣ
Ļʣ
ɫһԳҧгݣôطģѵ˸ͨ籨ţ
⻹ͨ籨ôϷӳȥĵͼȻҪʱӶˡ
ȻѵͼȥˣôҲţ
ǰǽȥˣ㽻̬ȴ̫Źˣ
ǻһа죬ĻЦһĳʥ˭֪ħƢŭò׵ĵͼֱƽ㵱ʱôĸԸұ֪⡣ǳôһɧûУҴȥ͸˻ˡ˵Щţһǿ϶ƽ˵ͼܣҾʹûɹļӡȻ򲻸ˣ㻹Ĵҵˡħʣлˣ
Ƥɵúݺݳ飬Գ˫ȭ죬ɱ⡣
ҵıأó
׿һޱؿţĵȴǰʧЦʵĻʵƲ⣬׿뵽һΪ֮
ԣڵ֪ʥ߳ɽʱŻὫͼƽ͸¶ԳϡһԳھ׵ͼʱͻ¶ţҲͻᡣ
ϴʴսûǾͽŴ¡οսڤ۴ֻһһñܣ֮ǡ
صʱ̣ǻಫߺߡ
Ц׿ۿŶ˺ƣ
Ȼʱ˶̣֮һöЦȴǶ𣺡ϣħʣĻʣڤڣ𣿺ôҲ׵ģøǵϼڷһ𣿡
޻ʣ
üͷһһתף뿴֮ɫ˲¡
ৣ
һ֮޻ʴʮŮӣ䵽ǰǹŵǳЦ
˴˶һۣ˲һ꣬ħһתĻĻʣͲΣҪҪ֣ɵˣڤ᣿
ãһ˷֣ܺñȶһ˷֣޳ɣ
һļϣĻһЦɱ⣬ȫȻɢħҲǰһƵؿ޻ʣнǱ䡣
û˿⣬޻Цһÿɷ񣺡λδ̫˰ɣǰǻǺ飬Ļ㻹ǹ֤أǵԸһŮӣ𣿡
ȷʣ̫£
һЦԳϵĺңѾرˣԼϽģǿûκκϵ
ⲻǶҲǹ֤ĻҲһ֣аЦ
ؿһۣ޻¶Цݣ֪ǲԸ֤һ֤ôҳûôװɣ
ɫһ䣬˻һۣ¿һ¡
бҰˣ˭أʻǡ
ιСӣǲǻҪʦðˣʦѾˣûˣߺߣ
ʱ֪׿ǰ
üͷһ壬׿ԡ
ǺһϤӰسǰ֮һǳǣһǵ˻ʰݼǸʥߣ壡
Ҳ֪ΪΣʱųǵ֫Ӿ֮ϻ£ǴŵȻȣǡ
ã겻űˣ
Ӳһ׿ʱһȭͷ߬
ԳϺͶĻʶ˼ˣǸ̲סʧɫгʥʥߣûɽ𣿡


1224 
ͯŮƮ˼䣬ԶһЦ⡣ЩŤǿ·׿ʱԴһͣȥֻצȴôҲ
å
ɫؿ£׿°ߣǰ´򲻹һ뵽дҪҲˡ
ȴǳҪ
ҵţߣ
ôλƺ⿴ҳﰡǺǺǡ
ڳ˷ͷ˿䵽ϣ岻аЦһһԵĳһ۵ڵϼڶգǹһʣʦȥˣʲô𣿡
һݣ˹һݣң
ȻûĻǾ˵˵ʲôɣ
һ̣忴һǳȻħʣĻʣ˭ҽһ£Ǿʲôʲô
֪ʣ
밵һȴ˿¶ħʲһݵʥߴˣ¾ù⾴һݵͼʵѱ¶ʥɽȭȭ֮ġһֱڤ˼룬ƽڤͼҵڤڡȥ̽һλʥߴǰ䣡
ŶͼرûУƽħʣǲòдְЦһ弥ڽ
Ϊ⣬ԳϼݵΪ¶ʥɽȭȭ֮ģʱ̲Ϊʥɽ£Ҳиλʥߴ˵ĸƾҵĲǣͰǺǺǡ
ĵһֺƨ
һЦ岻ĵǰħһʦɣû棬Ҳ˵ǸЦʥ׸Ҳǵĸ֮߰ˣôͽ̳ͽأ
ƤһԳϵЩȻܿʧЦҡҡԴ̾ԡˡţԾΥʥߴ˵˼
һݣе˸ոջڱĳЦԳ޳ܣ仰ȴûһЦĳˡ
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˵״˶̵ʱڣġֱۿһ˲ʱ䣬갡
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һԵ˪ȴǺȻǰһָϵǳǣҪڽڤģǶή´˲裬֮һʬΪˣ
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һȻصԴڤ۵ȻʲôӶܽ˵ĵؽ磡
˵ţйâһóǷݵͼ汾Сʫһһٵڤ޾·רˣ̤ҵر̥١Ǿ氡û˿̤ڤ۵ĵֻ⿪ڤڣҲ޼£Ǹ֣ѹȥ˰ɣ
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ȻһЦ׿ָָеĵͼողѾ˵ôдģ
дķǾ棬˽˼
ʿֱҵѪ㿴СʫǾ棬ҿȴ룡
ǻĻȣ׿ĳڤѾǽȥķˣ
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һ뿴׿š
ʫдǶ٣ɱƭǰ


1225 ר
׿ڣڤµʫ俪ͷѾ˵ˣڤҪУˣ̥۽ԻᱻԸոնĻվ·ϣŻ˲仯Ϊҽ
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˼˵ֻ˲ܽȥˣ
Ƥһˣȥкã
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ񣺡ڤʫ˵已̥룬û˵Ҫɱʣɽ롣˵˼ǣ沨ִܵڤ
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ôȥԣһвޣֹסгһŭǺܿ죬㱻׿ӻסˡ
ǻһаЦݣ׿΢΢ȻǸǻ龳һ͹Ǿûа취ǺǺǡ
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һĹâ岻Цһô㻹ȥʵж𱾹ӵĴ£
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΢΢ͷ弤ǺܿƳħǱһۣЦħʣ汾ȥһɡ޻ʣտǵĺ·⣡

һͣ޻ɫ󼱣ǡϹӣΪͬȥҲڤһ̽ġ
޻ʣ
üͷһһȻ󹴹ֽеǰﴫǼҸˣˡħ̫թҰ߿ţԷӺˣĪҪǶʲôֽţܰȫݡǧ𹼸Ӷΰ
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ԣڤ֮УҪԴ
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һԣ޻ʵ֣ȰոǶ֮壬ɱεõǵģԴǵļƻҲ
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ͷذڰ֣һЦߣֻڤ쳣֮أʲô⣬ְɡʱֻҪǷ֣һжˣ
΢΢˵Դ޻ȻãһƾϹӾϣֻһҪذ
İɣһģ
һһ֣ϯضһŻɵ꣬⣬ǰħʣϽģ汾ߣ
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ֻʣ˫˴˶ӣڿˡ
һ棬£ֳӰһһŮȴǳǺ׿ˡ˿Լˣʵʣʱûʲô𣬳һףﻹԱĿ֣һΪԼء֪֪ҵһһϲأ
Ϊڤ۵Եʰɣ
ȻһЦ׿ǰؿ̾ɵϣոΪҪգƶϴĻǵͻɢ


1226 ɺ
΢΢ԴǵɫЩɬҸոûô࣬ΣյĻˣ㲻ˡںνˣ
ǺǺǡ㻹Ǹǰһû䣡
Ὣڻ׿ı¶ȻЦݡ
ǿ׿ͷĿһ̤ʵ㡣ģ·ʲô°㣬ֱеˣǧᡭ
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ɫһ죬ǴָЩΣǡǸ尡Ҳ֪ΪΣһʥߣǴҵϼڣҺƫƫҲţֺáѾ˵ˣСС
ˣ
ǽͰ˵պĶŻˣ׿΢΢һЦϷ
ûзϣֻɬص˵ͷܿ¶֮ɫǸ̫ԵˣҸܣÿŲšոգһֱץңѲˣ˵ǧᣬҸһϵûУ
֪Ҳᣡ
Դ׿¶ȻЦݣ˵ҵģҲ˵ҽռ㡣ʼռţֻңҵҲֻ㣬ҾỳɣҲʲôҲҽʲô
ȫûϵ׿˵ⷬ¶ʱһůȻ͵˵ҸЦݣ׿лл㣡
Ǳģ
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ֻʥʵҪ֪ǲܵġڤ֮أǷأ
˫гһϸߣһâɢĺ⡣
Ҳζ뵽ǣڼƻŽڤӻ׿ͬʱϰĶ͹ǾҲڶͼı졣
ҪǱ֪ĻһЦһЦɡ͹ǾɱʥߣôܣվŲҲûжһëɣ
ô²ǣеֻϣϵĵǺȫġ
ڤʲôʱ̸˵ĵطˣ
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ȻΪܽ⿪յ𣿡ɫһ࣬߶ͷܽ⿪ڤ۴ʫյģǴǴ֮ˡˣôһܻŻȥǰǺǺǡαأ

һͣһ㷣ȻһЦٺ٣ǰǸıˣȥʲôڤ۵ȥˣ֪ôذ
ߣȥˣˣ
һһָߵڤףȥסȥҪڤ۵ſɣԶߵɣ
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ǣǸطûߵӰ
ܿ죬ͷƮ֮ȴٴδϷֻˣԵ컯ŪԻ
һЦ쳹ϣ˷ȴǷֲĸˡ


1227 һؿ
ǰ㲻ˣ
վûһӦ׿һۣνʼ磬ЦǶ˵ģɻˣԺ󣬹ٶǰɣǺǺǡ
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һˣ׿΢΢һЦȻˣξҪŴȥ
ţ
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Ȼڤ۵ҲҪ˲ɣûǵû⣬еʵȫʱһ޶
һ㣬ȴǲֻ֪ǿ׿ҲܷˣףȻշУ
ҲΪڤԵʣˣҪ棬ҿ϶ƮˣǺǺǡЦһȥҲɣС

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ǻûӦô£ǰһڣ৵һ±㱻̽˶
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ȻʱȴǺһͣͣűһΣɫʹŤ

һ죬ѺУıըһѪɫ棬˿ڴƣҲڷ
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ʱ׿һ޴ɽǰͨǰʮɸߡȻںУҫ˵Ĺâ
޴λͣ£ֻǵĺޣת׿һۣˣѾˣǵһؿţ
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üͷһƣ׿һͳʮɵľǰ˿ɵһţҪԼƿ𣿡
˵ͷǺ޴Ҫ޾ɴ򿪡ſ󣬷ܼعش󽫡ҪŶ򲻿ĻûʸȥǰвˣֹǰЩʥ߼ﰡ
˻
ֹסһת׿нǵǡ
İɣЩʥһԸޣһ濪ţȻ򲻿ˡڶలȫȫԸȥԣ
΢΢һЦ׿һĵȻǰʹȫһơ
ۣ
һ췢ȴ˿
˵Դ׿ȻŵأǲóȫĻŷĿ
ţ׿ر۾˫ұۣɢ˺ɫĹâ
Ҫ뽫ƿ۵١
Ȼ״̬ԼϵûбжϣҲ׵úܣǰͫһ㡭


1228 
ˣ
ڤ֮⣬Աߣ׿˫ϣһұۣȴɢ貵ĺâռ䶼
üͷᶶ޻ʿⷬ⾰澪棬ȴǲ˪˱˴˶һۣɫ̲ס
ոӾڲϻζΪѵΣգţ꿴˪һ۵ҽȥһ֮㿴ţ
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ӿɢȥڤ޾ǧ֮أҲֹסķŰХ죬ٺ׶֮£ڲҡѣںʼѿ޷죬˺
ٵͽ׺ޣⷬ棿ɵýɢӣͷܣһƬ
ǼˣǾ޴ʯţȴ˿һҳû
̧ۿʯۣ׿ûиӼᶨ̤࣬ұ۵ĺâҲԽҫۣҧأšһĹɭɭڤףͷðȺʪˡ
˷ʯ̩ɽûаҪƶ˼
һԿô󼱣ɵҲǰһѣһ֮ϧӣ˵ǹԪʯǰҲûаá

ڣ׿۵ֱǷӲʯţͷĺˮεˣ֮أܺ
Ҫô죿
ͬ˲㺹ǿ׿ʵǲƿţôͨһأȥ
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ƿţڤ۳ĿǼȻƲǾֻƿ⣬ȡඣ
ȡɣ
ǰ
ǻһаЦݣ׿ٴζǴţͫһ֮ͫУɫ涸ȼ𣺡ͫƣ
䣡
䣬һ죬һƬڵ˲Ǿȼաֻգ۹ʯϱ㱻ճһ׼Ĵ·һֻСڱǰһͨƵġ
ں޼ˣ־о壬࿴˿ת붢׿һ̾
Ǻ˿е࣬ͬѰôˣŴû˴򿪹û뵽ھȻô򿪵ġֻǲ֪˹أλô룿
Щسһֻʮĺ޳ջǳ׿ϵӣعˣǹһˣףǺ˰ɣ
лл
΢΢һЦ׿ޱ˱ȭ͵ĳǵ֣Ȼ˽ȥ
ǵӰʧ޲ŵʱеĸǽͷӶO@ϣһزҪƿʯţ㴳һôôϲ
ܺϲλϣʲô£
ʧЦҡҡԴΪһֻ޳ֻ̾û뵽һػܰŴġֻǡžȻܴ飿뵱꣬Ϸ˵ʱײͷѪûײһ϶û졭Ǻǣ˵ʹߣб¡
һҲֹסԴ̾
ǻ¶Υľ֮ɫһŭ˲տĶϣüǺôĵӣϷĴոǳףкýģ

һͣޱ˴˶һۣ¶˵֮ɫ
ôȻУλ˲һʹߴҪͨˣ
һտյĴڣһߣֻһֻ㻪ľӣǰλãһٽŴ󺺣ףȥʮ£۵ȴ޾䣬˿˿ŭڽǰˡ
Щŵĳǣ׿ǰһ˱ȭǰأΪڤ۵ĴкͱֻΪŻȥ⣬ҵĽֻⷨҪͨţǰ͵Ӯһ룬ֹأ
ϷǲôģҪ֪ǰǹùϷأҲܺùȥ
ȻһЦǴϷһ֮ɫֻϧǰȡɣϷͨˡʱǲȡɵģڼΪؼʱ㶮𣿡
һ㶣׿л̫ףֻɫһ࣬ȭǲ֪ǰǸͨ
ܼ򵥣Ӯң
ʲô
һЦǴ󺺿׿ˣϷʳŽҪӮҾͺܼˣϧڡǺǺǡ
Σ
˫ͫһ׿һȭȵǰͽ̣
һ䣬׿ǽ͵һ̤һ˲Ǵ󺺳ȥˣеɢڹԡ
ۣ
Ȼһ췢׿۸ոջӳûӦô£ӱȻһɾú˳ȥڿд˲֪ٸͷŽ̧ͣ׿ȥȴֻǴȻԵõڿľϣд䣬ָֻͷǰ΢΢ζһ¡
ôܣ
ֹͫסһ׿ɴʧɫһҲֹס³ȥ
ոճֻ֣̽ѣֻۣͨɱﵣЩ͵Ϯרõġ
ǣһ̽ȴһ⣬þòɢ
۵Ȼǵʥ߶ӲӡˣȻָֻͽˡûиоκӿֻǵѣָȻǿ˹
һʱ䣬׿Ȼأĸ֣ƾڵʵôܴܣ
ݣ
Ȼʱһƿƺ׿æǲ֪ʱһǴǰһǷź˪ƣȥ
ǣҪһ׿㲻֣ҪŭһƣȻղ
бƳƳߵǴ󺺲ЦһСѾͷû£ȥ
һȴ籩꣬Ǵһȴ˲佫ǴʮǧӰ
龰׿ʱ󺧣ǣ㣬ȥˣ
ǵĿĵأڤ۵
ۿ˿Ǵ󺺲һЦô˲ɣϲȡɣҾ͸ȡɵĻᣬһǰôˡȻСһڤܵʲôҾͲ֪ˣǺǺǡ
²һݣ׿˫ȭɽ߬Ȼͫһɫ⻷֣һ£ʧ
ͫһأλλ
ৣ
ٴγʱ棬֮ͫУ˲ɫĹ⻷ͫҲǺɫȼգͫڶأƿգ

ֲĺףһߣǴȥ˽ľ룬ûѵĿܡ


1229 Ӯ
䣡
һ죬Ű
׿ǰǺһţϵ˿Ϊţ˸֣ô׾Լ͵Ϯ֡
ǣڱ׻еɲǣû˿־壬ҲûоĴʵ̫Ѱļ²ҷ

Ȼһڵʱɢ¶δĴ󺺣µľΣҲûаյĺۼ
Ȼ׼ⷬ龰׿̲סһ¶֮ɫ
ײմãһմöԷ֮ءڣë˲ǴһǸʲô
ǲ񣬴󺺲ʧЦһ֮̾ͫɫĻ棬ǺöֻϧӶרδܾܣڻͨСӣСǴǻۣҲ¡㡭ͨأȥɣ
ȥ
üͷһ׿ȴһᶨ˵Ѿˣ˵ȥ·һܻȥҿɲΪ飬ԶڤƮ
˵ţ׿Ƕһ̤ţ˲ϸ߿գ˫ͫжҫâ˫ָ£һɿֲĽҲȻָǰˡ
߱죡
ݣ
һӶӿ
Խ֮ͯ׿Ҳ彣һһ𡣺ɫĽ棬·ոǴ󺺳ȥ
̲ͫסǴ¶ɫЦһ㲢Ӷר⽣۽ͦʤҪԸϷ򣬻ûôףȭ

ָֻһֻȭͷǴ͵ǽȥȴǺ¡һ˲ɢ׿ҲΪǷ֮ñ˳ȥգ۲Ӱ
һжƽǴ󺺻ջȭͷһȴ̲סʧЦ벻ϷҲ׵ʱ˵ҪǰʽˡСӡ˵ͨˣֻϷĿĻûﵽǺǺǡ
ֱϣһİӡȻ֡

һ棬׿вϣǾһֱţֱӴտĴŶֱɳȥ۵һײһϡ
žһȴǱһֻСɽƸסˡ
ţһֻֻɽһͷ­׷״ţࣺⲻʹߴû°ɣ
ʹߴˣλûɣ
ʹߴˣǸŮأôûһ

һȺ࣬ͷˣֻҲ˲Щĵĺʳʶ̣һ飬վ쿴ƣȴǺֵģû˿ˡ
ѵ˵֮˲֮⣿ոǾ壬ҲҲˡ
س׿ɻ󣬿ΧЩʵǸ˾˭ôôҺƶۡۻ붼ӣ

һͣ޷׷Ťͷȥտڲԡʱ䣬ոջһƬӵȺ˲û
ضǲţ׿֪ɿһвǲ˵֮ҴѯǣΪβ˵
֪ģò˵
ϣһֻȻشһͷ
Ƥһ飬׿һһȻõ͸¶˿Ϣ֪֪ˣŰսʤǿߣȻвУҪȡĻԷϸָܰ
뵽׿תٻһʷǴʵ֮ǿʥ߰ɡζвˣһʥߵĶ֣
ǺǺǡʹߴˣȻô˵е֣һǾЩ֪ܡλˣɾ۸ģ
Ŷô˵
ٺ٣Ҳ֪λƽʯҲǣڴ߶졣ĻʯһƾƶҲһлͨλ˵İءΪλˣҲӦҲԵУ
ôܣ
һ׿ţһǷָͷܰ˴ʮǧҲʥߣҲΪɣ
ȻһЦ޲ÿɷҡҡͷͬһȼĲ࣬ҲǺܴģҲҪ˶ƿءһ˵ˣλʱȥʥߡ˵δܳɹȫҲǺ䶯һʱΪʥߣֻʮޱռϷ磬޽һʱ䡣ٺ˳ͷſƴ˸¶ѡ
ʲô
һ׿̲סгܣǡ

͵һ죬ֻ޷Լ˵ˣæڶž޴צʹˣⶼµİʲôû˵
ǣ׿ѾĶֻ̣üͷȻֿ˿ǾţȻ
˿׿һצ˾ǰ̧ۿǸոճľ޶ɵ¶Цݡ
Ȼһ˫ʯţұϵĺâٴδš
޼ˣ׷ײ⣺ʹˣʲôһѾҪģȥսλ˲Ŷ԰
һأҵ˹ˣȴû
ǻһȻ׿ĵǰ˵öԣͶȡɡһزģûˣСأ
˵ţ׿˫þȫʼƶʯһƬſգֻרעţ顣
Ǵ󺺶΢ƺ֪飬ǲһȻȣ佾Ե˵ã
һʱʱǴ˿ʱĸʱȻ״׿ôһֱţûа˫ĿҲһֱţɫ䣬ֻм㣬ȫ±ˮʪҲδ
Χ۵Щǣһɵ۾Ϳ˺ʯţƺһƵģһôʱ䣬ҲĪ
ŻƲôôҪ֣ȥԽ֣ԽСϢһ¡
ǺǱȰ˵һ£ǻǿڣ׿ԼȻӻˣ˫ȴû
˴˶һۣȻͷҷҪϢˡ

Ȼʱһ췢Щһ̧ȥȴǺصʯţ¡¡һ˲һЩҳƮǶˡ
ͫһٿ׿ʱȴδ˫Ǻâŵ˫Ҳӯࡣ˿ȥǰ˫ۣȴһ¡£ǺصĴŴˣ¶ӹء
۾׿ǻһ˿Ȼ̧˽ȥٴǴǰʱ׿ʲôҲû˵ֻȭͷһգǰһӡ
ۣ
һȭȻšǴҲǰô̧һȭһȭϣʱɢ޾ĳƣǧ֮ڣѣһƬﳾɳڤҲٴ˿纣ХһЩ޲ֹ
ǰɣ
һ̣һǴµľΣʱ۶ϣ˵ϡ
бƳľһۣٿ׿Ȼص˵ͷӮˣһءͨˡ


1230 ڶ
лǰͽ̣
һ׿Ŵ£ҲûԷݣղͺá
ؿһۣǴ󺺻ĳ֮Ϊ֮Ϊԡ֮أ޼᲻ݡûͣЪĿ񱩣԰֮Ϊߡ֮ĽߣԻ·˰֮ԴΪӣ磬һ˲֮䣬ض鰲㡭֪˵ʲô𣿡
Ϊһ˲Ϊ㡣籩ֻһʱһֱõĻ罾İԵڻأƽ֮䣡΢΢ͷ׿
ص˵ͷǴЦԼģܱϷĲҪѵõĶࡣͨصƾ֤ȥɣ
˵ţǴָͷ׿ͷһ㣬һ貵߲ϼת˲һţû䡣
أ׿һһƬƺĶľƵġ
ǰôڶʲôλƽһ飬׿ٴ̧ʵ
һ֣Ǵ󺺶˵һץļͷ㽫ݺ˳ȥգ۲Ӱȥ
ݣ

ԽԽԶǴ󺺿׿ԶȥӰȻصԴʱ˵һ죬һߵӰ
׿ĻһϳⲻڤϼǸɺ
ħ󻯾Ĳͬ죬ϷİԵȻֻţȷʵ˰³һǴ󺺸̾
߼ˣҲ΢΢ͷЦǰһǵļƻϣˡ
䣡
Ȼ£һȴǺڤϿըѣڤҲڲϵҡ
ɫһ˱˴˶һۣ̲סҧأͬʱų֣ۣ
һ棬İĺһ⻮һһ׸ߵľϣʱ㽫ײϡãһľͷ
ǡĶ
׿վ˴һϻҳ˿Ļһ

һ̴ֻգۼǰͳɤôûڶصģҲþûˣǺǺǡ
Ȼһ׿һ̤æӳ׾룬ͣתȥʱȴ֪ʱո֮أƮһŨŨĺʲôˡ
ǰǵڶصˣ
ҲǾص׿£ʱڴܣľţֹסһⲻǵڶصĹŰɣǲѾˣ
һ㱣Ե翣˵аЦȻˣ㶼ײ⸱ģѵ𣿡
ôأ
ң
Ǵһһ𣿡һ׿
ٴηЦǺ٩ٺٺ١ϷɲһϴôҺ񣬿ǰСԤȣϷֱӿġңϷǿģҪôһͨҪôͰ£
Ӳһ׿ɫ䣬һ
ͨһصȫף˶ǺεȽɫǰǴûɱ֮ģѭѭգµĵͳ
ˣȴһͶ֣һһԾսԼûа˽⣬һʤ㣿
ǰ֪ʲô𣿱ҲΪҶ֣
ˣϷǸϴô˵Ҫ־ͱػȫԸаɣ
ݣ
һ䣬ǵûΪһ֮͵׿ȥ
ͫһɣ׿Ӧô£Ǻವһ£ڡһ̣һĵɢȻһӰأóı󣬸š
üͷһ׿֪ô£ȫǸæһ̤ŲӰ롣ͣתӳĳȴʧɫ
㡭㡭
ٺٺ١ǰҾ㣡
ǻһаЦǺӰҲתȴ¶һ׿ϤϤסԼ
ûӰȻһò̬ҲҲһ㡣׿ǺӰֱ͸վһһģһ
Ƥ΢΢˳飬׿һʧЦǰʲô˼
ǵڶصĿ飬֪֪ˣ
аЦһǺӰֱ׿һģһϷҲ۸㣬ԼʵԼ˵˽ԼˣӦþԼɣͬģϷڶ׿Ҳһ˽㡣һֶ֣˭Ӯ
üͷֹס˶׿ϸϸ˼΢΢ͷһķ
ȻԼΪ֣Щ󣬵൱ֻҪսõʤĻġ
ЩϼһﶼɲĹʵóĻԼȴû˿ʤˡ
Ļһطȵһغùˡ
ţ׿ɫƽֵ̧У
ߺȣͦȻô
ӣ˲ЦѵãԼ𣿺ǺǺǡϷ͸㣬е˶ǱԼܵġһУǿߣֻ֣һˣԼ
оâһָʱΪָ׿Ǳ߱ǵͷһ٣
ݣ
ֲĽڵĽâ׿ȥ
ֹͫסһ׿´󾪣ôܣ
⸴ƷܸƣǶֽΣʹҲŲãвڽ۵ΪҲ̤˵ĵͳɡ
Ǹ飬ֻ֮˵ר漼ôᡭ
ǣѾ˲ôˣۿǿֲĽϮͬ£˫ָһϷء

ֲͬĽݺײһ𣬷챬죬ôХƵ
׿ſֹסǶǸƷȴȻԵõվûܵ˿Ӱ졣
ôܣ
龰׿Ǵ󾪣˵һôͬռϷ磿
аЦһǸƷÿɷ񣺡˵˽ԼԼ˽ԼģԼ׿ڻʤ𣿡
üͷһ׿ݽ£˫쳣
ԼʽƵˣǿԼҪǣԼ˽ԼĻǺʤˣ
һʱ䣬׿һ³ƽĶ֣
ৣ
һ˸֪ʱǸƷ˲ʧ´γʱı
ͷϸܵ亹׿תһȴ˵ͫоȻ˸һɫĹ⻷
ͫҲ
ĵ׵ûǽɫĹ⻷ǺĻΪ֮ͫУɫҲȼ
ˣӵ͵Ϯ񼼣ƿգ
ʱ䣬׿亹ʪһĲҪζû뵽гһգԼᱻ޵ɱ
ǸƷǻа죬зǰĵʱ¶ɫһģһ


1231 Ӱ
ǧһüޣ
׿ҵæԣͬͫ˸𻷣ͫɫŰƿգ

ͬʽٴײ졣ֲĺɫףɢȥپ˻ġ⺣ˮڳޡ
׿ڷ֮£ǧ֮⣬ֻͫһۣ˿˿ɺѪҲֹס¡
̧ͷǸƷãö˶˵ǰ¶Цݡ
һͷ߽£׿¸
⸴ƷȻѾˣԼͳȻأòˣԳԽԼࡣ
ԽȥʤԽãأ׿ǳüҵ֪δ֮
ǸƷˣ̲סЦôոյĺȥˣ㲻Ǿãػȵһ𣿡
ǰΪƫҪôأʲôô𣿡
ŶԭһֱΪҪɱ㰡ǺǺǡ
ȻһЦǸƷÿɷ񣺡֪֪Ϸ˶ˣΪûҪԶڤﲻա
ڤֻطΪβֻأ
ֻأ
аؿһۣǸƷЦֻҪһУϷŲµĶʵ̫࣬ôֻأϷԼİ취㲻ȥֻأҲתǽ˵ԪȻֻءֻô꣬ûл˵ںˣҸԪֻҪ㱾ˣҾܽ踴ƵԪصڣΪˣ
һЦǸƷٴһ̤׿ȥнָͣӶ졢졢졢죬ֽ廨ţȫ׿
Ȼһ׿ˣ籩꣬ɱǵУĺгɱ⣬䵱ëֱٲ֮ġ
ۣ
ģ췢׿˫ۺͼͷǱʹ顣״̬һˣʹļٱֹ
׿ϰˣֻ⸴Ʒ׷ᣬȴǲ֪Ӧԡ
أ׿ƺ뵽ʲôٴҫϣĹâ
⸴Ʒյǰļܣ֪ողģǷҲȥأ
뵽׿ǵ£Ĳˣֻǻ̧ұۣһƬƽ
֮Ե죬ֻһɲ
ȭ
ͫ͵һ׿ǿƮƮһȭ͵ԷȥֻȭͷʱȴǵʱҫĿĺ⣬ɽ㣬̵۾
䣡
һ죬ռ䶼·ըѿڤ˲ˡֲȭ˺ǰһ谭ݺǸƷȥЩҷɵĽȭ֮£׷֧飬ɢ١
ڵһ򵽵֮۵治Сһȭ֮ʥߵʥ׵ֵ
Ǹ߼ˣȴ΢΢һЦ˿Ϊ⡣Ȼ׿˼УƮƮһȭҲǻ̧ǾӵӣǱ׿ոոӾֹöֱ࣬ռ䶼һ
ѵ˵Ҳ
ǺǺǡ˵Ҿ㡣ʲôҾʲôһЦƷһȭҳңұǿ

˫ȭرѣˮӿռж˺ɫƣڲȥֻ˷ɢ޾УǿһȴǺݺ׿ȥ
Ȼڸոնȭ׿һȭֱǸƷѹˣ
ֹͫסһ׿ֱģȻðƻú޻֮

ȻҲòˣǹɷǺݺײϣ㽫ײһ￪⣬嶼һʹ˲˺ܶࡣ䵽ʱɫҰһƬ
ҺѪ࣬Ȼոһ£Ӷ÷ˡ
ݣ
һٴߣðƻţ¶аЦݣǺǺǡˣôǴˣϷҲҪԪˣ

ڴڴŴ׿Ŭ֧壬ȴΣһֵҲֻܷα۾˰㣬ͷɥ
龰ǸƷٴδЦһ̧һƣҪݺ׿ȥ
ˣҵ׿
ͫڰأ˲գ
Ȼʱ׿ȴ͵˫֮ͫУŰ˵ɫĹ⻷
ۣ
һ죬ðƻؿϣشһҲͣһ׿ݺݵضµĽָ΢΢Цô㲻Ǹʽѵ֪ͫڰأܽκιڿռתƣ˲תƵ𣿡

üͷ΢΢һ£ǸƷɫһܿ¶аЦݣҵȻֻ֪ѡ
һݣ׿š
ЦһƷָָ׿ؿڵ㿴Լɣ
һ㶣׿׿ȥȴ͵һ֪ʱԼǰȻҲһ˶Ķڣ͸ǸƷһģһ
ȻڿǸƷʱƷؿڵˣȻʧ
Ի󲻽⣬׿˲ˡ
Ϊ˭
Ʒˣ̲סЦһ˵ˣҾ㣬Ҿ͵ԼɱҾ͵ɱ㡣µκƣ֣㡭κβҵģ
ֹסһ׿ֱģһ鶯ôܣɵƣôû£
ǻ΢ЦƷÿɷ
ضţ׿еԻԽԽ֪Լδ֮ˡƷԼǿ˲һë˵ȻԼǿöˡ
ĻԼʲôȡʤ֮
ڶؼȻǸؿӦдصĿܣӦ޽Ⱑ
ûţ׿˼⡣
ƷضȴԽЦԽа죬ҲڻƮ𣬴˰׸߿ʱŴһһ壬нָݺ׿ˣӽҾ׿ˣ
͵ɱƽǰ׿ȴ벻ס
ΪʲôҵĿͫΪʲôҲСЩҲˣҸոİȭͽҲһޡ
ͬһˣ˾ȡҲܽĵߣۼҲѵ˵
ģ׿뵽һ⣬Ȼ͵̧ͷǸԼһģһף¶аɱʱȴͫһ˫쿪һ󵨵ľ⡣
ƷĽָ׿һ˵͵ײһͷšǣǸƷȴǲûʤϲã׿Ҳɫƽûغͺ⡣
ʲôʱֵģ΢΢Ʒĳ
ȻһЦ׿ողãɱ㣬ԼˣҾ֪Ǳһ塣Ҳһֱ˵ң׿һ
Ӯˣ׿ΣҲϴһˣǺǺǡһЦƷΪһź׿ڡ
΢̣׿ǰһģȴֻԼڵϣǰԼײľţֻΧȴƽոմսӡ
һӰ䶯Ʈ룬֮γһź۵Ӱοعϲ׿ˡ


1232 
лǰ
վ׿ǺӰһݣ˸ŵâǰոյһУǻ𣿡
Ҳ㣡
Ǻν⣿
þǼ٣ո٣ǺӰҡڣȥڵҡڣ
ɫһ࣬׿ʣǸոˣʵҲ𣿡
Ҳᣡ
ֺν⣿
׿ǻľǡ
׿һû£׿ǵڵһʧǰһ
ȻһЦǺӰص˵ͷô˵˵ʧδˣϾǱһˡνµˣȷеģ˵İɡħ׿һģ׿ģһ𣿡
ϸϸ˼Σ׿ҡҡͷ׿ӷ׶׿һʥ֮ӣǵȻһ
ȻĲͬΪ㻹Ҫأ
ؿǺӰЦҪ֪ĲͬͬŲһĹһìܣħ㲻Ҫ𣿡
΢΢һЦ׿ΪҡҡԴ˼䣬۱øûǸǰԼݷ񶨡Ͼߵĵ·ǰӰ̵ģǰٻٽĵ·һȴԼϣΪǱһ壡
ܺã
ص˵ͷǺӰЦһܶʥ߹ͺ󣬾ͰԼǰӰӵĨһֻ׷ߵĵ۾ȴ벻֪еĵÿһ˵ĵǴһʼµӡǣӡĨȥҲ޷ɵʥ߶ţë۾ȴٵĶ࣬һԭ򣡡
̣ܽһݣ׿Ͽҵ
ص˵ͷǺӰƮ׿ǰһָ׿ͷϣ˸߲ϼ⣺Ϊ׿һϷȥħʣҶ㻹׿Ǹͨصƾ֤ǺǺǡ
һ׿еԼٴοһƬƺֶһ泩Ӧ֮еԼľˣȻǺӰȭôǰǲǿǰˣ
Ȼȥ
һ֣һ׿ǰһڵ顣׿ϸϸ쿴Σûʲôбһƣһ֮У˲͵Ǻգʧ
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ৣ
ʱƿǶɺߺ͵һصĴ󺺷׷׿Ѿ뿪Ȼص˵Դ
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ǰϾڵ׿ǵ׿һ
³һʱǺӰŷ·ЩҵҲģֱ׿һǾ͹һˡҪ֪׿һħߣСħǴħ֮޷ħ󻯾ľ裬ڻͨҲܴǵĵͳ׿ǰӰӻǻе⣬ûгɵĻ۹ؽٴխ޷ɰٴңҰ
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ȱ˵磬ǻһҪڤۿ顣ǵʲôӣǰʤߣ¾˰ɣ
˰֣ǴȴءҲֹסԴ
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ģһ췢̧׿һ񷣬ɫӳ
ڤ˵ĵ۾ţô۶κǲáֻڣĵ֮Уȥˡڤ۹ڤ磬֪ܳŶãϣڴǰס
䣡
䣬һ췢󲻶ϵطеĺ޶ǲΡΡض𣬰ЩʮҲһ

Ϥľٴͨһ׿Ӱٴˤһĵططǰ⡣
ﾹȻ˷糵ľǧҡҡεȸ֡ͯߣ
Ƥֹסһ飬׿һͬʱҲɻ
һһ޴ʯţƿ֮ԵڶǽԼľǰƽľĵ
ȻλǰڳˣУ͸ԼҲʧҷ緶ǰ˰ô£ͯ԰
һǰҾͲСֶˣ
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һǺͯƺҲһ£ٴεǾľͷ˰ɣӮ˾ͨأ
ãͨĿҸҲ̫Ͻ˰ɡǰλǰߴӰֱԯް
⡭ǵصˣ
Ƥֹסһ飬׿ҡҡԴʧЦǰܱЦ˵ҲͦͨأĿǲ̫ˣ
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׿һּΪĸо·һСƵġ
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1233 ͯ
ؿһۣ׿˼һ˵ʮ֮Уĩۣͯõѵǡ
ιܰĩĸȥô
Ƥֹסһ飬ͯοһۣмƲƲ죺ͬǵ۾˵˻ãϼһǰ֪ܵؼӸǿۣƫƫӸĩǾͲܼӸ֮۸Сǲǣ
ȻһЦ׿ҡҡͷȻ󹧾һݣǸ۾¿ˡˣҲλ۾˼˰Ǽ֣Ҳǧϲϵģ
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شˣȥɣͨ
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ԣ׿ʱЦá
ͯۼòǺͯҲµĵ۾ˣĹͨвͬ˾ϹֲڣôһͯƢԣ
治֪ôƵ۵ģĵͳʲô
ڹѣԼȴûа취ˣֻóСӵİ취ʼ۾ˡ˭Ƕһµĥº󣬻Ǻͯأ
۾ոðڲԡʵϣʮ֮Уľǵ۾ˡ
һ׿Цһĵ룬˭츳߰ôҾûõˡӹͨʱҲΪʥ꣬ſΪڲҲôֻͯղϣһ۾ϲҲǼĲŻŹ⼷ңĩġҿʮ֮װ
üͷһƣͯۿ׿¶˲õЦݣģ
棬ƾͯòŵϲĽʺأǺǺǡ
һЦ׿ֱ˵Ϲ˵õȷ˾ޣǰ޹˺ߡλ֣һӵޣ
ͯҲ츳̫ߣ볤ˣֻԼοԼŵĽô綡أ
˵Ǿλˣ׿ԼħҲԸ⸱ģ˵ǵ۾
ص˵ͷͯ۹Ȼúܣƨ൱ãոջɫϱЦúϲ£죬ͷţСеʶġҲգҪǰɣҳȫ㡣ոңֱͨҲû⡣ô˵ҲڤͷѹأôҲóĿ˼˼Ȼ
ǣǰͽ̣
ͷ׿һϲǰأȻüգȴкܴջһأӦҲв棬Ҳϣ֮ɫ
ͯЦһɣҲΪ㣬ץϷҪץңؾ͹ˣ

һͣ׿Ƥһ飬ʧЦҡҡͷ۾⡭ǲ̫ˣ֪ôһͯϷʲô𣿡
ʲô⣬ذ
šֻǹذգ׿оЩʧ䡣ǰ¹ؿ̫ѣԼˣ¹ؿ̫ףԼѧʲô
ԼǼ
ѿ룬ͯ۲ЦһĵôӴѶȣ԰һϷⱲӶؿУߺߣ
һݣ׿ٴνһۣ
ͨǰأѿЩ۾ز¶ƻĵΪ֮󣬱㺬塣ҲСϷǿȥô򵥡
뵽׿ͫһµص˵ͷ
ôǰͽ̣
䣬׿һצ̽ȥץͯСӰ
ৣ
ȻһƮͯ۵ӰǵʱʧٳʱȻһֻľҡҡȥЦôһƬ½Ƕţ㻹ü𣿡
ݣ
Ǻģһ˸׿ӰҲ˲ʧͬʱһֻצ͵ͯۼͷ̽ȥ
ҵȻ֪Ե۾֣ѹ࣬Ҳһֵܵ˵ģһЦͯ۱׿ͫ˸һɫ⻷һֻצҪͯ۵ļͷ
ƺЩģ׿żȻ۾ʹʲôͨĻȻǧҲץˣ

һâͯ΢΢һаЦݣģϷʱۺ棬ỵءֻǼˣץСӣǺǺǡ
ľҡΣ׿ǰӰȥȴҡڣԽԽޡ֪ģצǲͯۼͷ̽˼һƬû
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ֹͫסһ׿´󾪡ͯҡҡľϣЦҿûƶ㲻ץ𣿺ǺǺǡ
䣬ͯһ̤ţһִܵһߣһҡϣϽЦ
ת׽ȥ׿ɫЩءͯ۵̫ˣոƺľҡ֮ƫצݶϸڵİգ˾̾ǵ۾㽫Լʵѹ£ƾľʶϬͬˡ
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ʱͯ۵׿͵ػͷȴȻ֣֪ʱͯһǧϣͣڶֻСţǴŵЦ⡣
ÿ죡
һ׿Ӿ̾벻ۼ֣ʵѹƣٶȻܱĿͫ졣Ȼ۾Ϊһ֣ǲһ㡣˱ʵ⣬ԸԵ򣬽ķֱҲǲ㰡
һˣ׿սһ̤ݺͯ۳ȥпͫĹâԣ׿Ҳǲͣ˸˫צ裬һŴ㣬ͯ۵ȥ
ǣͯ۵ȴҲƮһߣһͣǴ֮дЦǲڶ˷
ʱ䣬ֻƬߵĳһһСӰûǧ˴׷ֱʱûн
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üͷһ׿룺è
Լ
ֹסЦһͯĵֻץңϷȻڲ棬ץõң֪ô㣬𣿡
һ׿ϸϸ˼򡭡


1234 
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Цһͯ񷣬̾Сһ֪ϹʱڣϷµһţ־е˶һ֣ϣʹҵõۣȴǾʮ꣬Ҳ˵ʮĩ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
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˵ţͯת׿ǰļЦСԳʼӲеʲôЩ֮׷һУԼġȻõ𣬾Ҫѧŵ¡ո㲻ͽһж𣿻عģһų֮ģĿ磬ץסҡ
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ʱһȴǶ𣺡󵨣˭ڱ۵Ұ


1235 Թ
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ƺ׿еľᣬڤ۲ɴЦһһ˲ǰ˱ʧٴγʱ䵽ȺԹΧ֮С

һ죬һӰ߶һƣѪӿ˵ڲûѪǸоӶˡ
ģ滹ʥ߼Թ顣ڤȻ򵥡ףǣڳˣ
ʲôǶˣ
ԳڴһԹҲת׿ȥʱϲ׿ܼңǾȥˣǴ󣬾ûӰû°ɣ
üͷһ׿˼ƺʲô
òƲ֪ص£ѵֻΪԼ׼ģ˶õۼ̵ֽ
ৣ
ʱһӰһ׿ȥ˻ûǰһ߷˳ȥȻӰ׿ߣ϶Ǿϲ׿û°ɣ
꣬˸ȥ𣿡
ʲôأһͱһȺԹ׷ɱû˵ҶɣЩԺǲǶ˵˰ôˣ
ޣûʲô
΢΢ҡҡͷ׿ɫ£ȷһжרΪ׼ˡҵڤ;ƾƵ۸ǸȻǸ۾Ĳ顣
Īǡڤڤ֮Уⶼⰲţ
ֻǣⶼΪʲôǰһħʰѵ˵Ϊҵħ۴У¼Ĺϵ
Щã׿̫Ĳ⡣

ģһ˺Ʋ񷣬׿һǣ
ת׿ȥȴֻǼ㱻ɱǸʮּϣƶܶԱһȺԹ飬ΧԱߣֲУȴҲûǰ˺˼
ǣ
ˣҲ̲סһȴֹסϲ
̫ˣӢ۾ʱˣȻҲ֪ôȥģôȻôײеĵطԿ϶ǣֻҪܰ£һİʱǸ͡ߺߣ
ţһ̤͵سȥһһƬâ˸һŰ˰ѳɵľ޴Σ㶸Ȼǰ
ʥ߶һ޶Ĵڣʥ
Թ飬ȫԶ㣡
һǾ޴Ӱӱóѳǰһӡ
䣡
쫷绮ǰԹʱƷ˳ȥһҺУʧӰ١ǰɵӰֱֱ֮䣬Ե
ǻЦݣ·ˣüͷһŸ߰Ķɵˡ
ôǣ˧ɣ

ǣûüɪӣһȻӴӰһǸӴȭͷ£õ˳ȥûأ㻩һЩɢ룬ʥֻȫʹˤڵأɫ˲ɷȥ
˭
˭ģô
ڴڴŴǿ̧ͷǰȥȴͫһʥʥ۷壿ڤôʥ۷ǿߣĴҲ
ǰһͬߵľ޴Ӱȭͷâ֮УһһӣؿмСޣû档ϹǴδսۼֶˣʥ۷ƨֻʥ߶أҰҴطˣߺߣ
ԣƤһ飬һسȥ
ڤڤ۵黹治ְ


1236 
ʥߴˣǸô죿
ôǿһֳ֣Գϲ񣬸æߣѰ֮ǶʥߣӦӦ֮ɡ
ңֻǸ飬ǻİ
Ƥ̲סһȫûĻ㣬ֻвԼҲ֪ǺˡǵʥɽΪָߣֻ۸ˣû۸
ڣȭͷˣӣ뵽ð취

Ȼһ췢Ǹʥߵȭͷٴǰһӡ׹ռѿһůϢĶڣ㶸óǰ

ǰһʱеǳڣͨĳڣ
ߺߣڤһ·֮һǻ·ģ
һЦһ֣óһǩӵ˵ϣǩһǧǩֻʮǩеˣûеģ
һݣ˱˴˶һۣЩء
ʥ۷ֿţӲǴȥˣֻаĹذ졣ֻǩƾһˣ°
һʱ䣬˶㷲Ҷ

ûκθ׿վ£пǵȴһϵεİţкͼ
ȻⶼǼ۾ͨõĻӦòҪɡ
Ǻû˰㣬׿־ȥһǩɫƽ޲˼ˣ²
Գϣֹסͷ̾
׿ܼ治һˣ˶͹ǾΪ˵㣬ķ涼Ӣۺú̩ɽǰ治ɫѵá
֪˼޿֣
ǩ𣬵дһɫС֣
ͷ
龰ԳϲЦһеٷ֮һĸʣһͳ鵽׿ܼҵĸþˣ
ʲôӦǻŶԣ
ݺݵһۣ޺޵һǩǳеĸʾ͸Сˣ
һͣԳϱҭ˵
ţָõڶ˳ˣȴǶû϶󣬰Ƕֳ
ϸСǩ£úֿ̻һ˵սľ׭ģ
ɫһ꿴׿һۣ̾˵ģһֳǰǩˣǩֻǲ֪ˣܲܵԼͷˡ
Ǽ㶯֣
Ƕ˳ٳٲʥ۷һߴٵٲ֣ҵȨˣԶڤˣ
˴˶һۣнǿɬݺݵصԳһۣȵ㣬ȥ飡
ûа취ԳϲƣóһֻǩȴǺɫ֣ӳ
Ү
һ˷ܿԳ̲סЦһƤһ¸̡һ֧֪ˣ͸ȥˡ
ƣ쵽ǲ亹Ǻģ·뵽ʲô㣬һָԶĳǵȵȣô죬ǰôǩ
ǰ£űġǩ˴飬ǩˣǩĻֱɢڤס
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һ˶˼ؿڤʲôˣҪԴֻ׿˽о䣬Բ
üͷ΢΢ţž⣬͵һ֣óһֻǩȴǺȻĺ֣
ʱŵɫɷףǸʥ۷̲סЦСӣոڤɱ˶壿Ҳñһˡ鵽ǩҲˣɣ
䣬˷׹һƣǺݺ¡
ȵȣڰ֣һ
֨
͵һͣ£˽ȵ㻹ʲô˵ģ
ոǩҳģģ˵ţһָǷ򣬸æ
ֹͫסǺݺҡԴûҳ飬ǩǴԼ
ǰƾʲô飿
ƾƾҵδޣ鶼Ҿ
˵˭δޣһǿ׿һۣæϡ
̧̧߰ԴȵʦǵʥɽֲģǺ㣬Ҳһֱ׼Ҫҵġ˵ˣһֱͯϱһУҪġŵĻԻȥʦ
ܣܣ
һãҡҡԴṵ̆һں˵
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Ȼʱʥ۷ȴһ״̬ڤ˵ǵ겨ڤļ֮¡˵ѣǵһзӦڣûκβͱû˵ѻ
̲סһ𣬳ƤһʧصԴţôܣʦ
׿Ҳϸϸ˼ʲô
ڵĵ۾ѱǷ֣Ȼô죡
Σҿǩɣ
ԣ
ûįݣæѯԼոյǷЧڵõ϶ʱһЦ
һ£һĻˡ
ǺٴνһθСĽࡣ
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һ죬ݺݳһǩŻ𣬴ͨɫʱֹסϲгǩҳ鵽ǩˣ԰ȫȥˣ
ãȻˣ˶뿪ˣŮ£
ɨһۣʥ۷ĵҪһһǩˣҲǿԵģ
У˭·ѡѡ·ӵ̫ˣмƲƲ죬ԳϺٺһЦ
ǵתͷʱȴаЦݡ
㡭Ҫʲô
ʲôֻϣǩǣеɱһţٺٵҲ֪δޣұߣ
ãδޣոѾǰ˰
Ƥݺݳ˳飬Գһʹȴû˵ģ׿æˣʥߴˣҪҵİǲǻһ𣿡
ǰ
һаľâһЦƵؿ׿
龰ʥ۷ٴοڣǩһУֻ˫Ը֮²ܽЧҲ˵鵽ǩ֮˲Ը⣬Ч鵽ǩ֮˲Ը⣬ҲЧ
УǩԸ⣬ǩʲôԸģ
мƲƲ죬Գϲÿɷ񣺡˵ô֪ԸԸ⣿
Цһ֮Щӹ֮ﶮã˵ˣڤʱ̼ǵ겨Ը⻹ǼԸ⣬Ƕһ
ѹڤ귽ʽ롣ԭһ͸û·һʲô¶ڶԷǰˡ
γ̾һֿ׿׿㲻һֱ⣬ڸʱˣǩ
ڸˣ
Ȼ׿ȴаЦЦһ̣귽򣺡Ҫ֧ǩ꣡


1237 
ʲô
̲סһ˶ĪǰԼҲû뵽׿ľ
һֱôᡭ
̤̤̤
̤ỺĽŲ׿ǰ³һǩõǰܵѣ㶼ԸҰǰʵûҪڤ֮أȥɣ
ǿǷңԲŸ·ˮĴ۾֣µ
ȻһЦ׿ҡҡͷҲǰеǷ˼ȥΪģֻ֮
Ƥת׿ʥ۷壬дѯ֮ɫ
˵ģĺܳϿңƺ˼ʥߵ
ҧҧ촽ת׿һԶĳǣԼǩȥ˼ȻֻҪģӣ
ͬϿң˫ʥߵٴ
׿ȻһЦ§ڻļͷ㽫еǩӹתȥ
ǵȻĽŲЩʪ
˱˴˶һۣɻ󣺡ôˣõǩĻĽõǩһ
Щ̰֮ˣܹףΪ
һЦʥ۷岻мƳƳǣȻһ˳Ƕߣ޴ͷǻǩ˰һȥǾͻɢˣ
ȫû˵ʲô׿ὫӵڻɫһƬƽˣ𣿡
Ȼ룬ǻں𣿡΢΢һЦǱֵҲܵȻֻǺְܿ̾һֻǡڻûȥ̽ҵЩź
ѾȥˣβӦúܿܳ
Ҳνо飬һжҪˡţǻ߽
䣡
ʱ˾޴ƺݺ£һĿâ֮󣬶˲ʧ·Ȼɢˡ
һУ˶֢ȻԳϱʼ磬תǶȥڤ̽ʲôû̽˸ұۣʵڲֵ
ǰɣ
һ죬ݺȭͷ治ޡ
㻹ֵӸֵˡ֪ǵļֵж𣿴ʥɽĹżЩأпܸͻƵ۾йء
ôڤֱǱ֪ˣͲôΪԵ۾̽ʲôߣ
ݺһ˦֣Ҳת뿪ˡ
ֻа꣬Ŷʧķ򣬿ЦһҪתȥȴǱʥ۷Ȼסˣһ£
ôк£üͷһįתԴ
ؿһۣĵ˼串֮ղԶӡΨһһ˿׿ϡոռţӦǿ֮ˣڤ۴һת棬ϣʱһ֮
ôĻţǰһϲ
һ棬׿һ˸ٴλصǸ̨֮ϣڤۿǣصͷЦηηвɵãá޹ҰһУԲ˼֮ڡ׿Ŀ飬Ҳͨˣ
л۾˴ͽ̣
һݣ׿תתֻǣģֻ϶Ҫ𣿡
üͷһڤ۲ʧЦҪΪûжɱ彫λ֮⣬е׿һһոǶֵ۷ʥߣһûһˣ顣ûðԵУͨһأ˵ȭڸоΪ˿ڹѾˡٶతΣͷˣҪԶפڤˣ
ֹסһ׿ɫ󺧡
еڶأ׿һʤˣڵͲԼˣԻ˻صʥʱħʱڣ׵ĳ֮һ棡
ţڤۼأֻͯϷʱƣۣʵϣһغĵľδܼʱԪ˥߶
ལ
ֹס˿ĭ׿һһֱΪЩ˶Ǳŷ̵û뵽ôհ
ضţڤЦ彫ÿһ˴ͳͬʱҲɱ׼ûѵͣԽԽ󣬸ʲôĴۣʲôĻرĴҪϸڣһҲôܷˮ޷иܣǼٵмвȫ֮
ոգһƣĲˣġ㵱ʱδܷſнҵĻһɢˡȻˣһи޹أֻѣǺǺǡ
Ҵܣ׿ʱ˿ϸϸ룬źȻһ·ǲհ
Щ۾Ҳ̫ˣɱ˶Цеģ﷢ë
ڤ۾ôЦ
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ģٴҵ˶۶ֱùĤۡڤɫһвЩȵ׿۵λȥҪصĺƽ٣ܷתͿˣ
ʲôƽ٣
һ㶣׿֪ʲôһ£һ߲͵شڤӡ
ͬʱһɵҲѿɫĹâھš
ֹͫסһڤ۴һȥɣ
һ紵裬׿˵ͱһɾݺݴ˳ȥ৵һ£Ӱ
ţڤۿ˿յĽâһХֱϾ죬˲Щߣɫصؿǽâɢۣ֮벻ô꣬㻹ǹˣ
ǺǺǡⲻҵ𣿡
ЦûһӰֻһƬɫĲڲɢȥǾһֻԲľ޴ͫʮɫĹ⻷ԣǿͫɡ
˵ĵ۾ţҪǲܵġ˭ƫҪͳѰ·
·
һЦǵһصĴ󺺲ÿɷ񣺡ϹʱڣǱѾˡˣƾŴΪӲдĻѣ̸·
޴ͫһۣڽ֮ԵۣӰۣۣͯڤۣСֻشۣǼȻ֪ԼĻˣΪλһֱҪ谭۵ľ⣿Ǹ֪ôӲΪԼı˽ֻΪ
̫ˣ
̧ۿ˿·ƶ񹲴棬ûҪô˰ɡô˵ǧ飬лȥĵ
ˣ
еľ˸Цش֮Դħش㱻֮ģǣµģħΪۣҪеħ񾡡˵Ǽ˽ħ뱾۵ͬΪı
ǲħֻ˵״̧ۿڤ۶Ѱ֮ƣȴƶ񲻷֣Ȼͬ·ˣ
ߺߣǰͬ·ˣͬ·£ħںʮ⣬ϧǵ̣Ҫ״ˡںʮĽǱۣǼϣˣ
Цһ̾Ҫˣǡ
ˣ
޴ͫʮһ𻷣ǿҵĹâɢڤ˲ʧͬʧģڤǵȻݡ
ۣģһ㣡ǵĵͳ֤һ̵ġ


1238 ͻƻʽ
ݣ
֮£һɵĲӰգΣ׿ڡ
һ۵һ׿ֹס³һѪ˫ڤǰ˵ǰܲһŷԵǰǼȭʹ谡
ȫʹɢܵˬ׿ֹסҡͷЦ
⼸λ۾ǰ治Ǹǵģûһˮʵʵǻ
׿磡
ȻʱһУ쳹Ķߣ̫ˣˡոǸϵĻԳϻʱ˵ǽڤˣˡҿܿ˵û£ǵšȻѹˣ
üͷһ׿ת׿ȥȴ˪滨Цݣ֢ȻӦæ²̽ȴѲ˵Ӱֻһڣڴˡ
ףЩأأ
ϼڵ˵ǽˣʬȥˡǸħʺϵҲ߯飬һۣ㾶뿪ˣ
΢΢С죬˪˵£ϻֹסŭ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿סһﱾ׷֮ˣûõȻٶһۡ
ʱԼȻλǱӦҲҪթʬ˰ɡ֪ϵСϢ󣬲֪᲻֪ܵȥ
ڤûɵǸ˵ĲӬź
һ̾׿̾˿ȻֿһȦɵˣأôôûˣ
ˣ
ֵؿ׿һۣ˪ȴ¶һ˿ã֮ɫ˵ʱҪȥ죬һʱؼˣǲصģ
Ҫ£
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üͷ׿ºɣһʱ벻ףҲͲȥˡҲ֪أӦòӣ
ǺãǾͻȥɣӦԼĴ㣡
ҪҪȥ֪ͨǸħʣ
֪ͨ
һĺ⣬׿һЦ˴ڤһУĶջýͻƣûʱ顣ҳ֮գҲ͸øǼϼһˣߺߣ
ԣһ㣬н¶ս⡣
⼸̣׿ܼҪ˻ˡ
º׿һǱұһţ׿Ȳչȥˡ
ⲻһгӭӵˣʱЩΡո飬ֻһȥ
ֻеȼϼһ׿ԶȥıӰһۣͷЦСӴ˴ڤһУð֪ˣϷ͸ͬڲˣǺǺǡ
ǰżæűչصӣһдˣ
Ҳһ̾ĽǾֵĵһȥջ񡣿ϧС̫ƫģʹŮȥ˵ʲôǵʵɵãʧ˰
ֹסԴڳ˽Ǳ죬Ľдʧ䡣
ȫûйЩ߶׿Һϲ÷󷨣ѸһʯϣĿ˹ԺнڤؿĻ档
Ե۵ȭӰǰ׿һĶԾͯ۵ʥ۷Լ˲ĸܣڤĶ
ÿһ棬Ӱһ㣬ϵ׿ǰȫƣҲǿԪˢԼΪٶȣϸ䡣
ˣ
ģһ𶯷׿أɢϼ⣬߲ĿңЩϼƺȫ赲˲͸Ƿ󷨣Ҳ͸ҵĲֱϾ죬ӳ񷶼һƬۼĹ⾰
쿴ʲô
棬̸ˣȻ󣬲һгǺܿ죬ǱвˡΪ߲ʹâҫ£ǾȻҲһĸо·âֱڣӣůģһƬ֮С
΢΢һ£һ¶ɤǰϷ򻤷һ£ϷҪͻˣ
˵ţͷطϯضҪϼ֣˹̻ʽ
ã仰Ҫ˵ģ
Ľҿ뵵ĹâҲǱȻͬѸϯ£˫ҲҪͻˣ½ˣֵǣ
ҪͻƣǻҪͻء˭˭Ӳݺһ֣ŷ˵Ҳϯ
̫ƻˣԼͻƣأ
ԣҲͻƣҲиоˣǧѷ꣬ɴ
ǰǴһͻƣ˭𻤷ˣ

ǺһģˣȫһƬϼ֮УϵСǿһĪĸ򣬷·ܿʵľҪٳɳƵġ
ʱ䣬ûٹѲߵĲѲߣڵҲˣ̽ӶϢԡ貹â֮£Ŀ˹
أҳУȫһƬţڵأɫƽط·޷ˮƵġ
ô£
Ƥһֻ۵İﾰ죬ǰһƬϵĳݾأûһа૳׽ûᰡЩ˶Ъˣ׿չأûػóȥɱֲΪǱΣ
ţûл
ﾰЩ֣һȴ׾Ҳһۣϣϻһ˿ǳЦӤƽ
ôҲ
ֹͫסݺﾰʱŭΪǽǸ׿ߣһ𣿺ߣûã㲻ȥȥ
˵ţﾰǴ̤ǰ
ǻȴһֱǰģ̧׿ϼãŭɫʱɢ٣һ˿ƽĵЦ
ǷǶԹתͷգҵΪԹˣ뾲·ʱдջʧȥ˾Ҳûˡ
Ƥᶶ˶ͨһﾰҲһƨɵڵأϥȻ
ϵĲϼŮޣͷΪǡˣҲȫŹһĻᣬ˹
䣡
Ȼһ죬һ𣬵һֱϾ죬ɢâһѰɳգأȻԼĻʼӡӡ
ϵƣҲ͵ذθ࣬ʮ֮ޡ
ʱ˿̣ϼ֮£ͻƻʽ׳ɹûͣ£ڲϸ򣬼š
䣡
ģ֮ʮǿϢ˷ֱ𵴣Ҳ죬ȴĽҲͻƳɹˡ
ţƺ˻ҵ껤ҲͻƵ˼Сһһףֱӵ˹Ԫ
ⲻ˷ܣ̾ʥ㣬Ҳͻô찡
ΨһĽֻͣǴ׿չɢϼˡȻǲ֪ʲôҲ֪Ǻö
ϼ֮¸ֱǷٳɳ
ԣͻƺҲûһٶһ£Ϊǻϼԡ׾Թ϶㣬Ԫתٶȡ


1239 
ϣѾˣҵı
ಣ
һƿ£ʮӰӹһȥʮ£׳ţĴ󺺣ָǰϼڣһ׺ǰڶĳǴģˣ
ظ˸룬ңңǰȥһǡ
ʲô
ʱһλ췢ᲽǰüͷţϷʮ࣬ûʥĸطʥ֮У˭֪ϱУ׷ɱǧﲻݡɸóҡУĪʲǫ̂޿ֲɣ
ǰ̤һλڷǰһ˿αΪȻȥûʲôֳֹ֮󣬲ò
΢΢ͷ
Ǵ󺺼ˣȴǲÿɷƲƲ죬Ȼǰ˰ݣϣϣϣǹˡҳʲô󣬲ʺ𣿻˵ͶħԳϵģʲôɽһʽ׶ѡңʲôɽʥɽѵЩʥɽϼһǣԣ
ô˵ʥɽУһʥɽʥɽǶֻɽһĻ
üͷţ˼سСΪɣаƶˡһʥɽ⼤ŭǣǿսΣʮǰʥɽΪ˵õȪҲ磬ҰܣòóһءǱֳͬھǣʧ󣡡
ΣһС壬ͻȻƣǲòýԴСҪסǰ֮
΢΢˵ͷݷǴ˼ٵҪôȥ̽һ£и֣ʹӳ顣ĻƾһˣܽСȫ𡣾˻ˣҲ壬οǣ֮粻ƽɪ󣬻ܻڣЩ࣬ǸСˣ
꣬ϼһһۣ΢΢ͷ
׿ϣǴ󺺲ϲһһ̤ǰȥǻǳǳϿգ¡һ죬ȴǵʱһ

һŭһ߲ʳ÷߿գŵɫĹâǾһΪ壬ɫƣɫ˳תγһնȻؽһ֮Ͼǳһͷβƹھ档
⣬׿ͻƻʽĻʼӡħ쾵
ţವһǺھ˲׿ҷʧϵĲϼҲأɢˡ
ֹסһʵ۾ͷٴαյգǳ³һƺЩδ㣬Ȼʧ
ôǲϼôûˣٳʱ䳤һãǻûܹأ
ǣһ쿴ϵΪȴǴϲͻƣ˶һȼֱǷ
ĽЩ츳Ϲֱӳ嵽˻ʽ۷塣ʵ㵥˻һȺ´ˡ
Ͼǿǽ۴ˣֵøո׿Ĵ۾ԡǰ˻ҲᲢۡʥɽЩ֮ӣΪףҲȲǣ
̸ܰҾ˵ǲʺôⲻһ¾û𣿡
Զ󺺣΢΢ƽһʲôˣոۻʼӡɣôꣿ̵ģС͵ˣꣿô쵽ģǿÿǺϰ
üͷţǴЩԻ󣬵ѹܲôˣ͵һ̤ŭȥ
ôģһ࣬͵ǵʵдˡ

һŭ쳹񷣬ϲʵĵˣŭһ㶣ȥȴǷŭĴ󺺣͵س嵽ǳͷϣϣССң죬Դ󣬽Ӿͽһ˵죬ɣ
䣬һʽ۷ǿƣ˲ǳءǹɱ⣬ֱķΡ
ǣƣųĻ˻ٴУмɵ߷֡ڣҵ֣ȫͻƻʽףȼߣֱӻʽ۷塣
һʽ׾͸Ұȴǵʱе㲻ˡ
ѽôĿ
бƳƳšĽȻһЦһս⣺ģ֡ͻƻʽ׺󣬻ûְɣô
ͬ⣡
һͷ˵ж¶аЦ⣬ǰҲ̲ס˷Ƶ˵ãŶϣһȫ
֪ˣϹأ
һЦĽҿǣԭְɣǲǺǺǡ
Ǿȴ֮ˣǺǺǡ
Ҳ˱˱ȭս󷢣һ̤س嵽˳ͷĶ֣
ؿһۣǴ΢΢ͷʽ۷壬벻ôС壬ֻϧǸ࣬ͬΪ£ǿʮֹˣߺߣ
ʲô壿
һ¶˷ܵЦݣͺˣܸսҾʹȫˡ
˵ʲô
Ҳģͽ̣ûлشĻֻǴЦһȻǴ󺺳ȥȫźɫɷһȭ

죬ǿ͵ɢȥռ䶼ڲϲһȭƫдǴֱϣ͵ı磬ȴǲûƶһȴ΢΢˲ȻȭҲܵ˲С𵴡
һ죬Ǵ󺺲˼ؿһۣ벻ܰ޵̶ֳȣȷѵãֻϧ࣬壬ԶȲ壡
䣡
һǴֻ΢΢ֱۣ㽫춸õ˿ȥŵŵ̤ʮſ̧ͣǰʱǲ˾컹˿˿֮ɫ
壬Ȼͬն
ûʼӡɣǿֲǹޣôĹޱȣ࣬似ռϷģ
ʱһȶشߣ츩ȥȴǴ֮ˣǳ׺ɣԱ߻һȺ˸ŵͷ
Ǵ󺺼ˣҲЦͬ˵Ķԣ࣬ԶȲ塣Ǿ罫ΪĻʼӡôˣûóʵĿЩ˻ָʽ׸ֱأ
֪ƨЩǴҴϳǼĽ֣ôˣҪĵĻᶼûУЩĹﰡ㶥ǹޣɪʲôߺߣ
һ󸹷̣ǿʼӡǲٳɣҪóԼո۵Ļʼӡˡ
ϾֵĶѣѵ浣ľгǴ󺺳ûɱҲʲôطҵĵ̶ɷأСӾ͵ű˺ķѰɡ


1240 Щ
ʼӡӡ
۾΢΢һУӡᶯϣһһŽâһھƵľ޴ӡ̨㶸ó֮ϡ
Ȼݺǰһָһ죬ǾӡȻǴȥ֮ͣռ䶼ֹסš
ͫɵúݺǴȻҲûϵӡҵ̧һۣϼ߸¡𣬱Ȼǰȥ

ʽ۷ȫһȭһâֻһ˺Ʋľ췢ӡ̨ǿۺݺײһ𣬽ֲ¡ֻǿռ䲨һ㷺ɢȥ
Ƥֹס˶Ǵ󺺸Ǵ󾪡
û뵽ʹѧ󣬾ƴ¡˵Ļʼӡ޼᲻ݣǿȡ
Ϊ֣ô׸ƽʵܴ裡
ţǴ󺺺ݺҧͨ
ǰɣ
һ췢Ǵһͫɵø󣬵ε亹ҲֹסӶͷ¡ɽҧأŭһһ£ͽӡ̨˳ȥ
͵ز˲ɫһ죬۵һ³һѪݺݶŶԷ޵ãӮˣ´ΣϷӮģ
ߺߣҲһǵһαһͬߣֱ۴ϵأ
ת׿һһֱֹұۣٴοЦϧû´ˡҵһֱֻ۶ˣһսѾˣʼӡ±˰ɡߺߣֻҪˣѵһһǿػ𣿹
ͬɵһ㿴һۣҡҡͷת·ȥ
ҵػߣͲϷˡҲֶѣ˭սңԺ϶սɲ㡣ֻҪЩϹҪϷҲνɣ
䵽ǰ쿴˳׺һۣˣ
˵˵֣ôƴʲôԼ˲Ҫһۣٸ֣Եʤ֮䣿ңҲⲻʵʵ
ٵɪһֻ㣬ȥɣһЦ
һ㶣ǴĪôһһǿػ治򵥣λǿĻʽ۷
ºһƬǴЩţȳ׺ǰʱڷ֣һʽ۷尡
΢΢һЦ׺ǰһݣϽǵɪͽ̣
ߣǱΪʽ۷ӮңܣҲһϣһһս
䣬Ǵ󺺲ɷ˵ȽȻһǿĻʽ۷壬Ҳܼɵֻսپˡ
һΣսپ
Ӻ󣬳׺ɫЩ԰ףڴڴŴǻһѪ˿֣رȭ֣ã
Ƥֹסһ飬Ǵһ׿˿һֻðŽ̵ƣ޳ˡ
ã˵ʵ֮£ҵһֱֻˡ˵ʲô·ô򣬶Ҷ˻أ
ôӦþˣеɡ
ιһֵ˭ˣ
ǣͷ𣬳׺һ仰ȴһˮͷ£Ķˡ
զΣа
ಣ
һ˸һɫٻӰسڶǰȴѩɡ־ϣѩЩŭָų׺Դôģ˵ôͷһôƴֶֻˣô֣Ļʼӡô
ţԲһʱˣٺٺ١ЩεԴ׺Ц
ֵ֣ģ
һ£ǴǵĶԻȻһѩΪǻʼ۷壬̲סеιǼҾжٻʽ׸֣
ǰûУڡЩȫǣ
׿һۣѩһָ·һˣҲܸһ̤ţϸ߿գ֮࣬۷Ҳмʮ
⻩һȺɷֲƣǴƤһжЩʪˡ
ðȺװƻʵͶʲô˻ʰֱӸɷǣ̾ô
ѹָ޿ˣ治ǵ֮ڣҲбȻҪ﷭ˡ
뵽Ǵ󺺶ŭһֱϾ졣

һ㶣֪ʲôǺܿ죬ǵЦ¶˳ٺٺ١ǾٶҲˣҿǴġλ峤⣬жʮ۷֣ÿһ˵ʵ֮£Ǿٶʽ׸֣Ҳˣߺߣ
ʲôһС
һЦǴߵôˣ
̫ˣֵˣ
Ȼ˵ķӦȴǴ֮⡣죬ȸԾ
Ǵ󺺼ˣȫɵˣιǷ˰ɣλϿʥ߼жʮʽ۷ҪǣǻЦó
ǵȻˣոͻƻʽףҪ֣ܲ𣿺ǺǺǡ
ЦҡҡͷĽؿһۣ̾˵ʽ۷壬֡ϾĻʽףʽҪǿĶ࣬ӦÿԴﵽҪ󡣲ոտսǾãӦûʲôĵطҪԼʵʥ߼ˡ˵峤ˣǵȻˣ
ֻô䰡ʱƽɴܳ⡣
΢΢˼ĵʥߣ϶ͬ졣ʱǿҪֶսûҪϸˣ
ԣֹסԴ
һǿǸң
ģһתһȴ֪ʱͯҲǰϽ񣺡ҵ彣ոҵĸ£Ҳͻ˻ʽ۷塣ҵӲֻʥûʲô˵ġҪǿסɶøң
Ƥһ˽аؿһۣҡҡԴİɣгֻģүһԿžͺã
Ӳ΢΢ƳƳ죬ͯÿɷŤԴ
һУǴǳɵסˡҾһһǣǾȻҪ֣ѵôǿ
ʮΪʲôǴ󺺵Ȼ٣羿ôˣԸ߸ϵ壬ô
ݣ
ʱһƿʮӰأسǰΪλ峤ϡ
Ǵһۣǰϸæʲô£ոǷѵи
촽һǴݣָֻֻ̧֣ڡ
תۿȥλҲǲһôôʽ׸֣ϰ˻ˡ
˻ʶûôţƵɻʽ۷尡
˻
Ȼλһо쬵ģٶȥʱźȻ֣Ⱥʽ׸֮Унʮ˵Ŀ⣬Ѿȫǣ·㣬ǳâ
ⲻ˳Ȧˣǹ
ԣ
ǡ壿һλʥ֡


1241 ̬
Ҷ֣
ĥͣĽҵҸ֣ѷȵĹâһЩֱȥ˼ˣҲǽϣ
龰λϲһת׿ǴһۣȵôûǱ۵ݣ
ˣ
ǻһЦǴֹסҡԴΪˣǲŸɪģȫûη֮ģһսƵģ
̵ģ⻹ˣһȺȻľηûˣҪɱһӰ٣ۿûˣ
һԣϵʱŭˣǳˮӿҸ֣һ֣һȣȻǰȳȥϷ壬겻ЩСѾĿˣھٺúûһ°ɣ

ֱʮλ֣գ۱Ҳϣһںݺײһ
䣡
ǿĳɢȥֱôҡʮˣӲٸ֡峤ϣÿ˶˵ĸ֡
ɴ˿ɼʵȷ鴫Զʮ
ǣʱĵеĪģȴǴңǿ壡
β
һȣϾȫ֮һƻӳȵİ׹𣬿͵绯ɳβӰ͵ǰɨȥ֮ռ𵴣ѣڵ·֩
ǿһĻʵˣԲǧҳǶᱻΪƽأ鵽ʣ
β壡
ն

ʱĽҡͰҲ֣ŸԽĻʼӡ͵ȥһǵβ˲ѳʧˡ
⣡
һ岽ſֹסΣ̧׿ǰǲ˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ôܣʼ۷࣬ȻֵϷһʥȻǳڵģҲȺ˾ʲôͨʽ׸֣
һʱ䣬ϵɫ࣬ƺҲףΪЩôˣԭǱҲǹ
һ֮Ҳֹס岽̧׿ǰϵ񣬼Ⱦ˷ܡ
ʥ֣˺Ļ˼һ֮аҲãǲʹȫ̸ֺЧ
ֻĸ֣㾡УӳеǱ
һʱ䣬˵øȣԾԾ
ͬģ䣬ͳϣҲͬ⣬ϱ粻ʮʽ׸֣ȻЩһľǿߣһȺʽףʮһҲǽͷöˡ
ɵã˫Ļսýţһʼ²֣ҲǺȻ֣ǸĽսƺô򵥡˵һȫԷˣܷӮ˰
һУǸһʼ˵󺺣Цҡͷ̾Ϣ
ǾһʲôĵطأѾһľۼذߵʵԶһߣˡ
ǼλϹеĸ֣Ļʽ׸ֶ硣Ͼûƾ˵ϵģǡ
Ϲǿߣ
أڸֹ˼кһص૳
仰ͳ΢Ҳ˵Դһ뿪սȦԵؿ
һߣ˫־ϵĴʳеɻ󣺡ϣ˵ʲôϹǿߣ
ϹʱڵУֹ岻µǿڡԶԶǣλʥ޴˲ģϹʮۡ
Ƥᶶ˶˵ǸʱʮеǿߣܸĴڣֻϧһսǿȫˡǿ츳Ժûʲôı䣬ǿĸԴȴʧˡʵȲޣŵʥɽҲһǽǡ
˵ϲ˵ˣϳĵǸԶŵǿսһóʵºȡʤˡӵֳ̬һսҪȫԸ
ʲô̬
ֹסһеӵܶ΢΢㶡
̬ӵܵΣһֳԭʵͻ
һ˵Ǳʵǿ󣬼̬Ҳ˦ְٰͬʮֲֹʱǲϧġΪǽУһֱΪС಻ȫԸò
ݴ˵Ϲ⣬ҲʮǰǼֹһʥɽĽԴ޴û뵽ǲʮȺ٣Ҳûеɽˮ֮أȻҪˣ
⡭᲻̫ˣֵ
ϣ
ض˵ˣȻϹǿߵʵǾս
ᶨ֮ɫת׿λһۣ˵ϹսõľǾأ
˵ͷǶҲ¶ȷЦݣͬ⣡
䣬λϵʱһ̤Ų˲սȦֱϾ졣ȻУһأȻɢĿĹââɢ֮󣬺졢סɾس֮ϣգӿһβǿХ
ҳǲʮҵķ֮£ҲԵҡҡ׹Ҫ̮һ㡣
ϼһƣȸոոǿʮ
ֹͫסݺɴʧɫɫҲ˵ǣ鷳ˣɲôˡƾΧһҲ˰ɣ
Ƥᶶ˶ĽһҲֹסð亹ǰʥߣȻһ֡ǵµĻǳضҪΪƽأʥոմµһҵҪȫˣ
صصԴ˵Ͻ¡
Щˣò˵̬Ըǣ԰ˣϧΪֹˣ
Ǹ˫˵󺺣аؿһۣЦҡͷһʥ̬ԸһǧʥߣٹһʥɽȻֻʥټ϶ʮʽǿߣѾˡҪ֪ʽ̬Ѿ൱ʥˣǺǺǡ
һЦǴҲһ˲仯һʮɳצ˵ǰֻצ˵ģƣԽһЩͨʽ׺Զˡ
ţ˷ոջڶս֣һһ˾࣬ϡ
ն޴ĺӰ֣֮
һĩ˵Ķֹסһüͷ³һͣ˼취ȴûһЧġ
ʥңЩʽЩǰֱ˵ӦҪǺð
ģһ𣬸ŵεĽŲ˶ߣһϮ¿ʼǰȥ


1242 

ӿڵӰھ컮ռ˰Ƭա
޴ͫУŵâ·ˣһֻ׵ĳβ˵ͷذڶͷʱ¡
ৣ
ģǰһֻβݺѹֲѹǳصĳǽ촷ɳƮС
˾ôţƤ࣬ȴǲûʲô
ݣ
Ȼʱһâ񷣬ֱֱβȥһݺײһ
ʲô
˫ֹͫס˶ٸԼ̩ɽѹľβͣˣ·һɼΪǿסһ㡣ţһʹȻӿǰ
ô£ʲô
ۣ
죬˼ذźǻ׾ΪΣһ췢ŵ׵ۼƮУ˿˿ѪɫҲк㣬еĸ䡣ֻЩӵܣǵЩΧ۵࣬ҲŵǴɬѪζ
ֹͫסݺһЩӵܿŰ׳ϺȻƮβͣ󺧳ôܣϾȻˣ
ʲôˣϷ
һǰҲǺݺݶ·˫ͫͨ
һУֻһоʥˣȻֻƤˣ֮˱Ҳǵ֮ǰЩġ
û뵽СС֮оȻԻЩϹǿ߰⣬и󡣶־һ㣬˻ˣɱʥߵ
һʱ䣬ɫࡣλϱ˴˶һۣһҲֹס
Ҿηʥжٸа
̤̤̤
ỺĲŵĳǳŵóһɫ磬ǹаЦȥȴֻа˾꣬˳ȴǽͯɡ
ǺǺǡҵ彣˭ȾָұؽնΪмʥ鴫ոһȻûնϣֻǹЩǿ
Сޣ
üͷһʱ󾪡˱˴˶һۣнǾɡ
ѵոһСնϷȻһ޸˹Ҳʣôܣ
˵ҲŵľЩĹһһ⣿
ո˵˵Ϸ򣿡
ʥߣʵ֮ǿҲʥġĿǰҵ⣬ֻ˰ɣʲô𣿡
üͷͯһ֮ɫѵ˵˭նʥ߿ɾֵ̫Ǯˣ˭ɱģǳ氡ǺǺǡ
󵨣
ͫһɣŭȻһ˦βٴͯȻô£ٽϷһβɡӲסҳǱҪΪƽأǸһɣߺߣ

ХһӰֱֱѹ£ա
һ˵ľâͯ΢΢һЦһ̤֮Ǻ˲ȥһֻұۺڹէ֣ɱ⣬̲䣺ȻˣǾ㿴Сүʵʥ޿ɶǿġǿأ
죡

һȣɫľβͽͯڵӰ͵һ𣬷ֲһֱΪ֮ЩӵܣҲǿѹ£̲סϢһͣˣ治֮ɫ
Сӣܵסϵȫɨβ⾿ʲôﰡ
У˵彣ӶţˣϵǺηʥĪǣĻиδ
أ˼Ⱦ죬Щ
óȻǲ̫ˣͱˡ˭뵽ʥĴڣڶ࣬ȴزأ
ۣ
ǣеĸҲΪֹˡһ췢һӰشǾ޴βֱϲ񷣬۵СϣʤаЦڵľβƬɢѪƮ衣

һ˻ѷεŭ𴫳ʹþӵȫɵˡãһλʥֱˡθأβͶˡ
ӣôǿ̶ֳȣֱ˷ָ
ֻеǻ࿴˿ղЦݡ⽣ͯʥ򶼴δֵĵ۱ҲܵΪƣʵδؾܱȵʥߡԸոն԰һҲֻ˼һƬ޴󰭡
ô˵ҲǱУǿȣȴǱʥ޻̬ЩˡԼѪ֮ȥײһⲻǼʯͷô㲻ײͷѪŹأ
ɰƣܰѶ
Ц˿ϷʥˣֹסЦ
ԹϧඣǺǺǡ
ž
ͯأȴǺһƿХԼһת˲ĺӰ£˲䲻ܶˡ
Ӧǰʱȴһľ޴ӰţԼӣҲӰ޴צ߬š
ȴǳϣע⣬һצסˡ
ǷаĻȣϲشЦСһ̫ˡ࣬似ǿȴǴúܡϷ䲻֪ոʹʲôǿ似λʥڣ˾צУֻҪһͷǣȻ·ˣ
Ŷԣüͷһͯ¶һƵ΢Цϣɱҵķ࣬оûһٺٺ٣
޴ͫᶶ˶ŭôĿϷһ£ʲôзǣߣ
䣬Ǻݺһҧצݺݵ
ǣȭͷո߬ȴǺһͣҲܶˣŬȭҲƶֺ·ʲôס˰㣬ȭͷղ
Ҳ⣿
һɻ󣬳æ˫צգݺＷѹȻⲢûжá
ͯһַֻ°ͣڣǳĿŤӣֹסЦϼһȭ̫ͷˡСүֽǣǲ䲻ѵģ
Сӣ⣬ǿҲԱȲ壡ݺҧޣɺݺȭͷ
˶ɻ󣬿ΡͯǴ˸˿оʹ㣬ֺõӣеаԽԽ
ڣ˴ʱļ尾ǳһֱ˫ȭҲɿƵģˡ
ǣʱһֱƽĽͯȴһâ۵ɱ֮ɫһ
Сģ
Ʒʲôһæѡ
ϧѾˡһɫĽâǺɫצһӿѪȪһո䡣
ͬʱĸ׳צָҲˢˢؽɳȥ·Χ۵ȥ

һҽУʺצ˻ѷΡͯһ˸УЦϼһ;̫ıϹͷڲӦ𣿡


1243 Ϲ
²һݣ˿⸱𾪵ĳ棬溧ȻЩӵܣͯ񣬶¶Ŀ־֮ɫ
СӾʲô϶ץˣȻǧټƶŪĸָʷֱǧŰ
˵СӵѵıȼλʥҪǿ
ôܣˣ
ûͲˣǸֱŰ
⣬ͯı֣ҲǾȵúܣҲ׿׶ӰսʽһģһŪڹ֮䣡
λʥǱˣˣԼ̣֮֮ǿûз֣⽣ֻͯǻʽףȴ˿ɻٵ񽣣
ЩʥԪ񣬹ѽƵˡֻϧԼ̫ţȴ֪νǶ̰ˣ

ҵŭڿɺͣЪָ֮ʹȫ亹ֱðͯǶ񶾺â
ҲǼʹޣּɵؿǺӣѰ㣡
ӵһϣҳǡ࣬һɱۣڣǳŭ´˴ݲĴݻ
ԣҲһ·ȥǿ͵ѹȵϢ಻¡
˼ˣҲһ̤㷴ȥ壬ǿУǻȥԮɱ
ʱ䣬ĿˡǰССֵΪֶսΪս𣬶ָ֮֮
е˶ɱһƬʵǿһʮڶ࣬ʮΧһǵЩǿߣһ˾ܶԸһǸǿ൱Ĺ衣
ոս˫ƴ˸£˭Ҳκβ˭
·ľ棬ʥгءǰȻ׼Ҳû뵽ʥɽ֮⣬ʥ֮лѿеĹͷ嶼в
սĹؼȻҪ䵽˫ǿߵĽˣҲԼǸС
ԼʤˣսȦϾܰһ࣬ʣͬģСӮˣȥɱһڻʽףӣҲǷַӵ¡
ˣҺ֮սһϾʤ
뵽ղ͵һ˦βͯлȥһĲԡ
ҪǱ˿Ҫˡ
ô˵ҲĳϣϹޣ۸һСҪҪ
ǣѾʲô˲ˡСɲһ㺢ͯĻոѾѪĽѵƮ죬ÿÿˡȥСһ˽󣬹ֿУûˡ

һ˸˽ͯߣһХβٴ˦𣬺ݺ˽ͯϣ˲ͽɳȥ
ǣͣΣӰȥ·ϾúʱȻͬһצٴνݺݴɳȥǿ𵴲ϲö죬ҲںʹЧ
һ㣬Щʥȴȫк󣬳Ҳͣ㵽ķɵķǻȡȻݺһȭóǰǿ޾⣬ݺϣٴνҷɡ
ľϣͯһֱڿз裬ûͣǻŷ򣬰Сӣͣգֻ򣬱֮ࡣ
ҪǸһ˵ĻǿǱҳɷˡͯȴɲ۲ԶŲмЦ⡣
ڣ۵ͯӰҲڿͣЦſǣм֮ɫ
̸ܣСӾʲôɫ˻ΣǿñˣôûƵģ⻹𣿡
ؿһ۽ͯķ򣬳ڴڵشŴ治ʣȴΡҲֹסͷʮͷ񱼡
аЦһͯһ˫ָ£ɽڿкݺһ˦Хꡣ
ոǼϼһ˰ɣڸֵˣ
䣬ͯ͵һ̤ݺȥոĸָצ
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ߺȣѽôӣû뵽ͦ
¶թЦݣͯһתȻһٴ㿪ķնϧҵһɲô׶ߺߣ
ৣ
һâӽֱֱָǾ޴ȥת˲
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ΣҲ㲻ֲС
Σ֮£ֻ͵ſڣһĹâȻ

ͺɫĽݺײһ𣬵ʱ˾޴ĺ쳹ķӲһ£ɫأͯ͵һʮϲЩ
ǰһһУ·ʲôг쿴СӾȻನˣƺеʹӡ
ô£Ǹոնǧ㴷˲һëһ㷴ѣôüͷ΢΢˶ֵ
ʱӦ֪ˣոյķܵ𵴵ĲֻԪȷǿĿֲǶ̾硣Ԫȴһʽ޶ٲôֱ̬Ԫ񣬱ȻַܷŪ
԰ֻǰǶȫûǹԪ顣û뵽˱̬ģֻѧһԪˣǺǺǡȻص˵ͷЦԶҲ˼¶թȡ
üͷһͯɨ˲ƵɫһһĽ£Ҳ΢΢š
ˣϼһ﷢ҵˡƴһҲνҪԪĻ
뵽ͯ⣬ֻҿܷҼˣЩһԪأ
ϧʥȻûи˿ߵĻᣬ졢סⲨ½˹

һУſڣ
ƤݶͯæǶһһǿⲨ·һ
ǺǳǰٴһӳǺ첨ƴ˸൱ನ𵴣һˣܵҲˡ
ʱⲨһ˲ǰ
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СҪˣٺٺ١
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Ȼʱһռ䲨ɫľͷβνӣɵһڵľӣȴǶõ˽ͯǰ

龰֮ɫĽͯʱϲЦտгҲǲ¿һ£شסˡ

СĵϹҪˣ


1244 ħ쾵
䣡
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ôܣ
ֻ޴ͫһ£˼ؿǹľӣȫסˡӲãǷӦг۵ػʼӡ
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ԣҲһ˼غ˳ȻǾӣԽԽĵ׷
Сӣһһ̬ȫ
ಣ
ȻǾƽϢƿȴǶǺھ֮дȻһڵצٴǺɫдܳգ۱ٵ֮֮࣬㣬еЩȥ
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ЩûӦһʱסˡͷʱż֪ʱԼƽ޹ʶɫľצץšצ֮ǿӲ֣Щʽ׾ƴһ£ȴǰɶļûУŲɵôʧɫ
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ƿգոջյľգ۹ãƣ˽ʣֻʥڳ䵱Ƶ⣬ӵܣȫɴ
龰׾ˣǵǣҲȫɵˣ
׿СӵĻʼӡʲôô˱̬أ۶һ˶ԸһͲˣСӵãһһͽЩȫʰɾˡ
ҵĿӰһ־֪ûУķʵ
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ʱ˺Щ㱵ʱ򣬵ʥһһȴأô󺧳
ԭʱ˿̣ǵҲЩɫצץţ羫һ㡣Ǻݺݻζһӣûѿ
һ£ҲΪЩӵܻױץǺڶΪצʵ̫Ӳ֮ǿҲ˿֮£й֮
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ǣ˴˶һۣ΢΢һͷȫƴţǿȫ֮ݺһڡ
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ӳҲսһ˦βԶȥ
̵ģλ﷭ˡǸҵţȥټƽۼأȳǵߣ
ߺȣ뿪ûôףȥ£ԶԶǾʧıӰͯһЦҪ
ǻһشĶϣͯͣ£ȥ
ݣ
һӰֱ񷣬ħ쾵ڣȴ׿ɡ
ңңһʧıӰ׿ǻһа죬ֻ̤һ˲һãʧٴγʱȻֱǰȥ·
ÿ죡
ͫɵúݺݶ˶·󺧳ʲôȻܸʥٶȣ
Ҳǲ󾪣ɫ
ѵǸϹˣȻ֮
ôӦʥҪ뿪סɣߺߣʥɽʥߣҲûͣ
ţٴζһۣ൱Ĭβһ˦ٶȶǲܲˣҪֱȥ
׿ϸǿߣսܿٲ֮ءíֱ壬ǵġ
͵쫷رɫٹâ·𻮿س񷶼ڵѷ졣
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ϧˣҲͳȥˣƫƫ˸ոմĵ۵ͳ׿ô
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޴ӣҲǵŷʮȦſλƵ̧ͷԶ׿аʱǾ֡
ôܣ
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һ԰׻عһۣʧЦҡҡԴ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
֮ܰУæŰﾰġڡÿÿͻƣ׿һزࡣȻǺ蹵֣֮͵Ϯ˲Сһëˡ
꣬İɣǺǺǡ
̧ǰ׿ûгʤ׷ʮ˱ȭЦλѣ¾úʱˣ
ô֪Ҫ
ȻĳΪʥϢͨһؽ磬óһƵʥᴫܲ
ô˵һУ壿
ɴһһɵؿ׿㾿ʲôˣôкĿģ˵ҪʲôʥɽȺ˸ǿս
Цҡҡͷ׿¶ЦݣλǰĪҪᣬǸʥɽûйϵֻλڳСסգʱҪ̸
ʲôҪ£͸ǻ̸ɣתת²ģ
΢΢һЦ׿̾λϻǲҰû취ˣֻλίһˣӰ
䣬׿һʱߡǼˣ󾪣ǶȴǺһӰأ׿˲סǣڵĲϼһ㣬Ҳܶˡ


1245 ̸
ڵľٴγ֣׿һ֣㽫˦˾Ȼµ֣
˿ȴǸӾηֹס̾СһϷ㣬֪û뵽ߵôԶЩϼһҪ̾ΪֹˡǵĲܽ𣬶ûǸе˴Ĳ࣡
ԣֹסصԴ֮̾ле
ϿˣҲãǰָ϶ˣ
΢΢һЦ׿һЩʧϼһһ£һ¿ϣôˣ
֣صر˱ȭ칪׿ܼˡЩѰ죬Ǹطѱƽˣʵڲ鲻ʲôмֵ
ƽ
ǰ˵ǰ콵ѣе˶Ǵɥһüͷţһһ棬ȴЩɻ󣺡֣ѣҲЩ߰ɡûлˣҲеµżֵǣʲôûСǵһЩн·䣬ŵ˵Ļ˭֪ﻹס
üͷһ׿Ȼԭˣû泹װ
׿ܼңҪҪټ飿
ˣûʲôɲˣ
ڰ֣׿ֵˣҶۡСӺȸĸǳפأȥǸٻ˴ǣ
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һ뿪׿ǻӻ֣ǲɢˣٴλصУ
ȻȻͻƻʽףǶĵ۴Ĵ農ǺȻֵ֪ˣҲ;ϣȥӦǡ
Ǻһºصɤ׿ܼңҶۡүȸС㶼ˣڴȺ򣡡
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ף
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˴˶һۣ˶ǲмƲƲ죬Ҷ۸ǳ̾һ磬ǼȥһĵˡҪʵ۵Ļڷ׾ˣαظʥأɵ£ɲص
ôˣһ㶣׿
ҶûпڣСҲǵЦһףǲ뿪೤ʱհһЩϼһȫͻˡһ֪ϵĽؼǣǰǶ˻ʽףǰһʵȴһأ˭ȥ
ǾǣҲǽлһʵ̫ƫģߣҶҲǸһͷϷЩŭ
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿̾ȱ𼱣һ⡣ҵĵ۴Уչ˭֪۾ϼţ˳ҲҳǵĴȫͻƵۣ֪ЩңСʥޣûϵѪͳǹؼǸʲô壿
ֻΪҶƽôϷ˷۶СӺȸŤȥš
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ʧЦҡԴ׿ϹźƵЦݣٹһݣλǰˣû彻񡣿ңϸ˵Լ˲Ŷԣ
Լˣһ㶣ԴԻ
ˣ˭Լˣ׽
ƺ룬׿Ҳԣһָ֣һԵҶ۵Ҷۣ˵˵ʦ˭
λǰңʦϹʥ֮һģ棡һҶɫ֣ء
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һλЩɡ
һҶ۸̧߰Դʦ˵ʥ޵أ״Է١˵͵ģ֪֮У׵Ļ֣˭ģ

üͷһ̾ŵ˵ͷȷˣ֮һλԪϣɹĽףûͱ׷ɲԴڣȷѼ̳һ𣬼ӵҲһˣ
ô˵洫ˣһʱ䣬˿Ҷۣ߰˷֡
龰׿ָСӺȸ˵ֹˣǷֱ׻˵Ĵˣʥޣ࣬˼һָǣ
˵ţ׿˴˸ɫ
ףͷųԼơ
ʱ䣬񱩵ĺâŰǳأӿҲžڿε
˼ˣӺȻΪȻܵˣǹ۷ȻСӶ˵ʵϲǣ޵ȼѹȸУȴǶʱֽŷ˿ֿ֮
Ȼʥޣ
ȻԸӣλһӵϹʥʮͬھû뵽дһ˵ӣϾҪˣ
һҲǼ㵸
屻ʥɽѹŵӣҪͷ˰ֻҪλʥ޳󣬷ַƽǰ
׿Ƥһ飬һλǰǻǲҪֹ̫۵ĺã
ôʲôѾʥ޳˰޽緭ӣָտɴ
šô˵ޣ߻е۾أ
۾
һͣЩɻ󣺡ʮ۲Ƕĵ۾
η۶׿Ц˭Ƕˣ˲аģˣʥĸһңʥޣɬģֻء뷴࣬岻ĪҪõ۾ȥȫɽľˣ


1246 
ͣľ
ĻǳɵˣǲΡΡ˵ʲôʮд棿иɽ𣿡
ǲ֪ʮǷȫд棬µĲ٣ٺһЦ׿а
Ƥֹסһٴοɬ̲ס̾治֪˭ŵҥԣ˵ʮۺʥ޶ˣڲĺúõġףˣո˵ֻɬֻˣǵ桭
ûһз׵ĵط
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Ȼص˵ͷʱ˿̣ȫ׿ԣԭˣô˵ĻǶǷģ˼һȳ
λģ˼һаȻ
˵ͷ׿οֻڲóȻжʥ̽һ£
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˭
׵ĵߣۣоâһ׿
Ȼһɴеʮ֮ףۣǷ׵ߣ
ǰǱǸѺʥ޵ֻЩ۶ȴûʲô֪Լʲô¡˵˼ǣ̽һµ顣ǷʱңҲʥһЩ׼Эƿ׽磡
ʲôô˵ίɣǵ𣿡ǰһʱ˷ܵ
֣صص˵ͷ׿治죬ࣺû˵˼ԲȫҪôҪһɹҲ˵Լˡ˷׵ʥˣ֪Ը𣿡
ǵȻΪ£岻ݴǣݺݵ˵ԴȳҲһ棬ʮּᶨ
ΪֱԼⱲӵ
ҶۿһУȴֹסؿЦ
ЩȻΣް㵥ʵͿԳ磬ػʥˡֻλʥԻвɣһ̽ġ
վĻϣʥлᷴ
ȻˣǲǹͬˣǷҲͷʥ޵׼ˡǷͷʥޣ浱ĻǼˣ
̧һֻ֣쵽ǰ׿΢ЦôǷأ
ֹ֣Ҷˣһˣ
ž
һ죬ݺץס׿ƣӽʲôƻϣҪȳ졣ˣôƺ
Ҵܼң׿
ƷϣһЦǰһۣݺţֹסͷΪ࣬Ǻǿôģ
渣壬
ŶѹˣȷŶԷݣֹסЦһ衣Ͼ滹ţҪϻǾ延°
׿ֺһһָҶǵβãܶԿۣҪ׳ϽǴһΪ˫ֵĴҲټϾֻʥ޺ͽܣӦ޽кܴɣ
Ȼ֮ף׻ˡϱݣгԳһ޽磬Ϊ׵˴룬һɺʥ
ֹסԴһ̾˵ʵԴʥ󣬳һȺûнɢܸǿ߿⣬޶Ѿɢˡβͬλĺ٣ǹʥɽν
˵ͷ׿¶ЦݣٺòҪأĪҪǰй©ʥصأ˶أǸʱҲûҪȥ˵ľ衣취λ˹ʥۣǰͣǴѵľϰµģǲҪ֣
һΪ棬ɷ򲻾СڣЦһҲƽˡ
Улɬ֪ʱܳ졣ںܿʱսҪʥȫ֪޽磬Ƿʲôٳɳķ
ô
ḧ˸룬ͷ޽磬ֻܻΪΪһأأϹʱ޶ݺƽʱеӰ۹ͬ졣ŨľӰ۵ĴӵܿڳӳӰȻΪΡҲǿֹ
ȻˣʥޱͿԻΣܾٻһ飬УϢһ¥ϾӰ۴ֹ˷Ϊ꣬ӰһӰеӳܷӱǱ⻯أν۾ʥֵһٰ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿´ϲܺãҶиˣؾݣֲһȱʧ˰ɣ
Цŵͷ˶еڴ
׳ϣвȪأʱһӵܵʱС
üͷһ׿Ȫ
ǰȪ
³һ¶һ˿ɬĳȪҲϹͯ۴졣ȥഺ䣬˥ҲഺòңȪľҲкôľ飬һзʱڲȪУ󣬸κĽħڵ۵Ҳ°빦޽һǧޣֱӽŽ׵ĿܡλʥȥȪףпܺܿﵽڣָʥ۷壡
ǰһ׿ϲֹСһǣҲȥˡֻǲ֪ǷǿأǺǺǡ
׿ܼȡЦˣⲻȪͲǵˣ̸ʲôŲŵģ
ô
ʮǰȪ㱻ʥɽˡ
ЦһĵڲȪʥɽȦڽڣֻʥɽҪԱܽȥ򣬶ÿʥɽÿְأܽȥأλ٣ܼʥɽ˸ߣⲻȪֻص𣿡
Ȼͷ׿¶һ˿ս⣺ãھΣʥɽ˵ôλȥ׼ɣʱӦ
׿ܼҴԣ⣬˱ȭλҲǴЦһеսȼ
һֱʥɽѹĳڿԱˡ
ɽһƵ򲻹ʥţһսʥɽŶãߺߣ
ţ׿ȥˣҶһȥڳǶָ֮ˣǺѽӺã׿Ӱ۴ͨӰ֮Ǹȥˣ˴Ϊ档
ίеˣȻ˵ã
Ȼ󣬿ȥıӰ׿ڷʥŵùĿɽˣôͿԷֶԸ˻ˣٲӡ
ʥɽҲûʸˡ


1247 ӹ
ħʴˣ׿ܼҵ
˭˵˭
ħɽ׳Ĵ֮УһʿҴҵǰԳһ󾪣˲סˡ飬ǷӦôܣڤôᡭ룡
ǣ
һͷת뿪
һĹһỺĽŲ׿ǹŵȻЦݣȻԵõسԳǰһݣħʴˣþòɺã
׿׿ܼңû
˫ͫ΢΢ԳŷӦشЦһ׿ǰļ̫ˣʵұֻˡǲ֪ʱۿʵжôʹϧ⼸Ҳǳҹߣϲѡ
ƽؿ׿һЦͷЦʹ˹һܳ
ˣ˵˵ӳģдźɣԳϸæ
ȻһЦ׿дʣ֪ڤϹŴܣҵСƽϣеһУ˼ҵĿˣܲҲ㽫ǰȻŻأΪѶ٣
ԭˣǲеҰ
ȻصͷԳϳ̾һǺܿǰһף׿ܼң㡭ΪôȻɾˣ͹ǾѾίˣզأ
ԣ׿°Цһô࣬˻ءڲĵ۴ʱľͻͽĽչɡ
ϣ׿ȴ¶ſЦʵڤ֮Уͨڤۿ飬Ͼʵ̫ڤȾΪܵӰ졣Ҳգ
׿ܼ˰
̾һԳƺҲͬ飬̽ԵʵڤۼȻķӦʮ׿ܼҲŶԡ״ûһ㲹𣿡
ؿһۣ׿֪˼Ǵ̽Լδڤ̵ʲôôûУһ
ã׿أһ˳ˮۣЦЦ˻񰡣ǰڤ۴˻һݹң
Ŷʲô
йâһ׿óһڤڤ۴ԾΪ˵˵ܿǿʵ£ָܻˣҼչ죬ʮأΪ볣죡
Ŷ棿
ǰһԳϸæһ򣬱ϸĲ쿴˿ûʶǱ˵ĶԼµľ֮ֱ졣
û취۾ֵıȷ̫ˣɲջ֮£αƵߡ
Ҷһ㣬׿Ҳ⣬ⱾǸ׼ģ
˹ΪУΪΪԼΪ˻
ֻǿ˹Ŀͷһ䣬Գϱֹסһһؿ׿⡭۾͹Ȼǿ¶
ǰҪôô˵ٳɷأǺǺǣ
Цŵ˵ͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ֻϧΪ̫ͣޣÿһǼˡһ֪ҪǴȥһɹеġҲӦãⶫΣգ
æԴԳһ˷ĪǰΣգǺǺǡ
ǣôΣյĶô͸ôö֮ǰóأѵ㲻Ҷ⹦ɱڣ׿ܼңǻ۲ڷĵͼɣ
ţԳֽ׿ţŵ⡣Ȼ⹦ԵúܣһСĵûб˲Ҹͷԣһһң
ǻЦݣ׿ͷԲⶫΣԲֻǶԱˣԼҲһԣҲҪһϲ࣬ΪԽԽ࣬ҲҪԽԽߡƾһ֮ºױ¶ԽʱҪЭˣ
˵е
۾΢΢һУԳֿһۣͷ
֪׿˵ĲʲôҲһô˺޵Ĺһ»Ϊʸ֮ġ
ͬģеõ⹦ˣƶԵֿջʵļɲһ˻ģֻҪ⹦ԡ
ǵ۾͵ıﰡ˰֣
ĦԳ߽ͬ㣬૳Ȼֺݺݶ׿һɱ⣺׿ܼ˵ڣҪ˷ֵļûбڻġǣڹѾϣΪʲôҪϾ£֪ԽԽã
䣬һԳȫȻɱɢĺ·ϾҪ׿ɱƵġ
ǶһУ׿ʮ㣬Ϊ⣺ħʴˣ㣬Ͳһ٣
⻰⣿
ħʴˣҪҪĲϱҶöࡣƾһ˳Ѱңҵõ٣󣬻Ҫ˰ѰңȻˣͿ϶֪һСѵܱ֤Щµˣ㣿
üͷһԳתתϵƽࡣ
龰׿΢΢һЦȻŵùҵĻҳռϣҲߣһĹ±¶ҲкӦܻݡĻֺαضһ٣ɱһŵİ֣һŵİȥôΣյأ
׿ܼң
˿ԳϿ˫ͫݺݶ˶ֳ³һ̾˼ȫȫûκɣ㶯ˡˣ
ڣ
һȣк˼˽һݣħʴк·Ը
ӽ쿪ʼħɽڣħϽȫ򣬶׿ܼҴǱͨȫ򣬲󣡡
⡭
һ㶣Щɡһ񶼽׿Ǹħ֮λʲôһ췴أ
ң׿ħʵĻħʴҪʲô
ɲԳҲ룬ȵҪչأڳ֮ǰ׿ܼҾʹˣ
ޣԭˣ
ǣ
һ˸æȥ֪ͨ
ıӰʧԳٿ׿ǵȻɫаЦ׿ܼңôʵϣȫˡħϽΧһ㴦áһϵˣ°¶˭ûùӳԣҪҪǶʱ䲻Ҫ˷ˣ𣿡
İɴˣҲҪƾġʮˣҿɲñ˵ǷˣǺǺǡǻһа컡ȣ׿Ц
ؿһۣԳҲ¶թЦݣ׿ܼң˭˵ǷﰡƾĵԺͲǣʵͻͽ治󣬻жô¡ҲʱҶҪɵˣ
˹»֣̿һݣ׿
бƳƳԳеɱһţЦһʲôҲû˵ת뿪ˡ
ߣ׿ߴ׼ΪˣʵɣپЩʥɽֺһȰСӲ̫Σˣ
ڡǿ£Ⱥúðɡ


1248 
ȻȲҪˣԳ˼ħɽϵ£һңҽ𣬱˲ûϢ
׿濴ţһЦת뿪ԺӴٴ߳ħɽѹѹһƬǶùϵظߺμ׿ܼңף׿ܼɸ룡
ողһӵʱħɽǶ֪׿ħȨϢ̼䣬һħɽʮħ֮ף̫ү
ʵ۲ڣ̫ӵ
һȺ˺ʶʱأȫʼ
һУ׿¶ЦݣҴӵһеʧȥУһ˲䡣һУٴӵһУȴ㻨ϰ꣬ǺǺǡ
ʧЦҡҡԴ׿оâһݺһֵ£ӽ쿪ʼħǳأ뱸ս״̬º󣬿ս
ǣ
һȣ
Ǻ׿մȨ֮󣬶ħ³ǳضģҸ߲һ˸ؽ統ͷ졣ڸڶ࣬ǿڶ࣬Գȫ֪£ҿÿһͷߣҲǳÿ졣
Ͼħڵ£Ϊ߶ǻʽ׳ڵĸ֣ҹ۷־һƱ̬Ҳʮ
⻩һȺӿȥʱ㽫ЩΪǵĵͷˣԹԽȨ
µʱܿ͹ȥˣħʵȨȫ׿ƿءԳϳأҪûأҲǲˡ
׿ԳУܶȨĿȻﵽ
ʱ˿̣Գ֪һеĻƶҪˡôܻ뵽һôʵ׾ܽܿգ
֪˵ĻὫȨ׽׿ϡ
ô˵ʵΪ磬ֻҪħʵڣʲôʱһӦûħʺ٣׿ħʾǸƨôȡԼĵλ
ֻϧʵǡǡ׿һھԲȱĶ
׿ܼңѾԳסȫˣµ˾Բ£
һڣ׿һݣµս׿ŵâȴǻҡҡͷЦСӻáˣ͹ȥϣ͵𣿡
͵ˣӲϴߴأ
˼ߺߣ
һЦ׿Զ૳ʱˣɡ£ʡӥʶħˣҪʷսȫǣ
һ˹ݵǣ
սһףٴʥը졣׿ָ£ħʴ֮ƣѸӥʹʶˡ
ǻûκ׼㱻˸̶ֲ죬ʮǳر١֮ˣԱɱ֮֡
ħʴǸħֶ֣κ˺Ȼ
Գϣ

һ죬ӥʺݺһͣû죬սؼǣСϴ߯ߥǸ޻ʺͽʴܾˣԼۻǻûָԪִˣթúܰ
һԵĹˣҲüͷ壬ֹסԴĹթǻӦ¾»˱թ鷳ģ
˭
һ㶣ӥת׿һۣϱȻصͷ˵Ǹ½֣׿
Ŀص̾˿ĵӥʣ֪㷢ûУԳǰȻթǸ֦Ҷ֮ˣŭ׼ϴδս˫ٿսеıȴǲΪӪϸ˷ָƺǣľżһ㣬˰ٰŪ

룬ħΪθͬʱǿսΪϴαʵ𣿿ϴαʵ붯޻ʺͽʶƴ𣿶˻һײ޹ǷǣǴôأ˭أ
ħʴܼң׿
۾΢΢һУӥȻص˵ͷˡϴβμʥʱһ棬ûʲô˵ģԳһֱߣǷˣ
˿ʼǰϴħʽˮǴܾˣֳû˵ħȻչأдȨ׿Ҳ˵
ս׿µģ
̲סݺݶ˶ӥٴκ棬ôĹ˻սȻ⿪ʼ鷳ߣ
̾ĵħʲڣҲҿսȻһֵĵʶˣ񡭡ħһ
һӥһۣҲ΢΢ͷ
ȷСӳʵ⣬ĸ涼ﵽλߵĲΡǸô죬ȥСӣ
бƳƳ΢΢ͷ¶аЦݡ
ʵΪ簡ûʵλߣΪģΪױɱ涼㣬ǺǺǡ
һ棬ħɽǰ׿˱ȭħʴˣҪĶҸˣ
¡¡
һصľʯŴ򿪣׿˽ȥȻʯֽϡϤĵط׿ǻܰȴЦ
ǰһȫŨɢӣͷɢȦڣ۵ɢŵ֮ɫȴԳɡ
µϵȴԽԽأԼ϶һɭɭĸоɭֵĶǣʱ׼ʳƵġ
ؽ磬ҲԶ˰ɣߺߣ
Цһ׿ǰһݣμħʴˣ
ٷϻءأݺһӱ۰ԳϴһѪһţ¶˷ܵޡ
һ֣һɫĹâپӰ˲ǰ˫գظӦǻ˹ȥ
üͷһԳôôʮˣأ𣿡
˿ЦˣʵһһӶ࣬ôࣿ
ôᡭ
ˣ˿ʧٹ࣬һ˻ɵģҪߣǻСΪϵĺá΢΢һЦ׿ãӥʺ͹ʶ˿սսὫһвʧȫĨƽ֮ҶǣʵЩ˶Ѿתˣ
ʧصԴԳ޵úãáףǿս𣿡
ǰΪ˻øϣֻսһ;˶ĿŰɣǻа죬׿
һ£ԳϾЩ㱣ǵͷûϵֻҪЩϣʲôν
䣬Գ϶𹦷ֲĺ˲Щ˯ǣŰȻصڣЩȫΪĩɢˡ
һУ׿ȻһЦת뿪ȴ޾Ŀ⡣
ն㲻һֱõ¼ģǾ¼ľ裬ħ󻯾ϧһ仰Ҹɾˡ
˹Էԭ
Լǰţ޷ħ󻯾ľ裬ɰٴġң̫꣬˹޶ʳ
㰡ᱻԼ̰ɵġҲǵΪʦϽ¼ԭ򣬿ڡǺǣԸɡ


1249 Լ̸
ԳȫƣҲǱ㱡ûз⣬ֻʵ̫ǿƿĸоȫҲֹסͻʥߵĿܡ
ǣԼоã׿ȴֻܸеӶơǿȴۺϡһôҲʱ䣬޷ͻʥ߲Ρ
ҡҡͷ׿߳ңʯŹϡ
׿ܼңǸʥַԼ̸ˣʱú죬æǰһ
üͷһ׿ù̽Լ̸ĸʥôаŸտսԼ̸ŶǸ尡ڵϼڵĵؽ硭ߺߣ

һ׿ʱ飬ŭ⡣
ѾѾ޵ģȻȥˣ
׿ܼңȥȥ
ȻȥôǸʥ߰ø˼ҸӲǣ
ڻøӣʥ׿ܼҶ׽һëͷСӣ׿ܼҷַ⣬ǺǺǡһЦ׿ü
ǻа죬׿˵Դ˵ͦеһ壬ҵȷûʲôµģֻǡӴڻ˹籩¶
ô˵
һʥ߳ڣûʲô˲𡣵ǵʥɽʥɽʥɽȥ̸ֵ˻ûţ֣ټҲʱ䡣Ŀǰʺ˺ҡ
һǵľâ׿Цڰ˻ʵĵ̻ûһͳأʥɽ˺ǻḹܵеģ
˻ʣ
һ㶣ߣߣ첲ʲôÿϴӣɨǣ
ǲǱ¶ʥɽ𣿡
ţ׿ЦһҲţתŻȰڣ˵꽣ǺͰﾭγĽѵպʥɽս˻ʵǺ󷽣޷Ͱһʱ鷳ʱ򣡡
ȻصԴ캩Цͷ׿ܼ˼ȫôǾ͵һͳ˻ʣ㣡
ǰһͳ˻ʣһǲº֣ǺǺǡ׿һң׿аЦһȥæϡ
ͽܰǰΪʦξΪʦһЩڲаɣ
ಣ
һ֮Ӱڿл⣬ת˲һƬɽУȴ׿ͳ׺ˡ̧ǰȥϼ֣ԡ
˴˸ƣ׿ȥݷǣʥߺϹסʣµ˲Ϊ壬ǰƻж
ףһȭ֣ص
ɿһ׿Ȼ˳ȥǸߵɽǰ㱻һ߳סȻৼٻӰʱǰΪ֮ˣɲˣ˭
ϣʦ㣬þòɺã
˭ʦ㣬Ҳ䣿ߣ
ݺݵһۣ´һףֻһû˱𣿡
ʼ磬׿¶Цݣ⻰˵ģڵݣû˱ֻת˶ѣҪҸǽгû٣Ҳаٰʮˣ֣ڵҶмã
Уɪħһֻʲôҫģ
㻰˵ˣҲŵȵġܴħʴ£Ǵֲᣬ㶥ûпɱԣ
㡭
Ƥֹסһֱȫƴţɱֹס׿ӿȥ׿ˣҲ⣬ֻƮƮڣʥߴң˴Ҫ£ʦɣ
һ𣬷ڴڴ˼ڴݺݵһۣѹвޣݺһֵ룡
Ͷˣ֮Ŀ޻ʵˣٺٺ٣аһЦ׿ڷ˵Уȥʱţˣأôûң
һЦҵ˱ᣬʦðⱲӼˣ
ô˵һ׿æ
ǻ䣬ЦʦʦʥߴˣѾͷʶôƫƫʣߣʦŭ֮½ѩɽ壬˭˶ɵüֻʥߴ뿪ǰһ߾С˵ʦõʥɽǲǾԶˣǺǺǡ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿ˣеһУҲز࣬׿һ²ԶӲ֮
ֻͳ׺ˣ׷׸˸ƣʾס
׿£Ҳͷˡ
ʵϣ׿ոչ⼤ŭҪĻû̽ѾͷȻ̱ʵĻûôС˵ӣ׶Ըöࡣ
ܶ¶ˣ
޻ǽ˸ͽܰ
ǻȻ׿ͷǲһ㶣ЩֵؿСôˣոǴ̼ôһ㷴ӦûУ
ʦ㰡
ʱ׿ĳΪǱ͵ʥɽôأʥɽΪʥأȥǿɼҶΪ˽⣬ӦüʲŶԣźΪȥʥɽĲңǸѾͷʲôȲģòΪ¡ǿܶǲǣǺǺǣѹ֣ûô
ۡ
һЦֹסЩͬŮӣȫͨգЦҲǶݺݵضҧгݣȻݺݵЩŮһۣԴһЦˡ
ߣ˵Ĳ
ɵ¶ʧ֮ɫ̾һС󣬳ʲôǿģʦǳʲôõĶʥɽʥˣҲһѾͷ۶һۣѵôѾͷôã
⵹Ҳδأ
ҲôãΪȫΧת
͹۵Ľķ涼ǿһϲ
ĵ㣿
һǣ׿
ǰΪǣԼҪ޷˵رҲΪĳĵ۾޻ʺʥɽǸʥߣŽĿⶢϡ
һѾƨɺ׷һӰˣ
һ㣬ȴǸ¶𣿱ʦʲôԺճ𣿡
Ժգ൱Ժգ
ɫһ࣬׿һ֣صҿԺܸεظ㣬۳һָͷȲϣʦȲһëŲţֻҪ˵һ䣬ǵϼڣ˻ˣСӶ޷ΪɣһЦģ
ôܣ
ȫɵˣһ㿪ʲôЦһʥߣٳԼŮˣҲ˽ݰɡ˻ʥĵλ൱ʥɽ׵Ĵԣ˻´Ұ
ɲǽݣֵֵ⡣һЦ¸֮һΣһа컡ȣ׿ĵĳǣ£ҪôǳأǺǺǡ
һЦţ׿Ŵ⡣׿¶Цݣȥֻ·ɵվԭأԣɶͷԡ
ѵǡôҪ˭


1250 Ӫ

ХдѩƮװعɽͷϡһʮ׼ʯУѩЩƺ˼ʲôãֹס̾һԴį֮ɫ
⣬һﾲһƽ̹ľʯϣĿ񣬲ԲѩƺҲûʲôоƵġ
̧͵͵˿СվȥٽſڣлӡȻ˫ͫһһƻ

ѩ嶼ڲͣѩҲڽϵ¶䡣ɳǵȴವһ˻ȥ䵽ϣɫЩ졣
Ƕڷȴһǽڰ㣬һʧ
˫ϸһ𣬵ʱ㽫ȫѩƬɢ¶һϤݣȴ÷ɡ
̧׿˿ʵĳǣ÷εҡҡԴ̾˿ڲɽĥ֮⣬ȴǸСħͷԵûˣʦĻˣ
÷ʦ壬ŹҰɣ治ȥʥɽ
ΪΣʥɽԴʥ֮ףͬʦðͲȥˡô˸֣ȴãڸв֪
ȻȥȥͺˣΪƫƫѡң
΢΢ɫɫ૵ҲںʲôԴҲںΪܵʲôزҲȥ
ؿһۣͬ÷оâ˸˸ǲǻΪСӣǣŸ˼氡УĪʲôԻҩɣ
Ҳ֪
쿴˿ͷѩ׷ɣ¶ҸЦݣԴӼһҾ;ʶʮ׽ҪԶһֻҪߣʲôãʲôطνˡ÷ʦ壬ͷҳȥɡ
ž
һͷ÷ó̾ЦǰǱԵòᰡʵɣ磬ʦԲãĹ򲻿ġңܴ򿪣ҲôⲻΪ㣬ҲΪСӡ뿴Ǳʥߴ˿еŮˣǸСˣʲô³
ʱʥߴδ㲻˵СӺˡȻħ»ķˮ𣬵ܵеùʥɽأǸһ𣬺ĿһȺšϲҪΪ룬ĪҪ̰һʱ䣬쵶նɣ
ɫһʧصԴ꣬ĲޣΪҪأôʦ㶼ǿǸʥϹˣҪѡң
ҲϹˡ仰û˵Ҳû˵ʥߴ˿ζأĻԵ
ݺ߬ȭͷҧгݣ˼úȴǳ³һʵر۾
÷üˣصͷЦЦ
ѾͷˣǺǺǡ
ݣ
Ȼʱƿأ÷һûӦô£һӰ˲ǰһץסĲʱץסȫʱһͣҲС
ţһӰͬʱ䣬һֵžһĲ
÷һǰһڣ̱εڵˡ
ɴʧɫֹסеʦ壡
𼱣׿ܼнǲ˵ϼһëģģʱӰתȴʮֹʩһ
Ƥᶶ£ǲˣ˵׿ܼģ׿
Ϸ죬ҹ׿ܼҲǲӪȹ
Ϸ׺Ҳҹˣ
ͷųٴ֣ر˱ȭ¶ƵЦ⡣
ؿһۣ죬ǲȻͷˣʶ㣬ڶĳǼ׿ġô˵׿ҵģ
ǰ
˴˶һۣٴЦ
ϷϲǼԸӣôô֪ұˣͬʦȥ𣿡
Щͬ˼׿ܼ뵽㸴ʦʥɽĽ׻С˴Ҳ֮УмƲƲ죬Цһ
ɫ΢΢£Щʧ䡣ʦĸװ㾴˭ʦף͸ʥɽأ
һˣıʹѣոյļ˷Ҳ˲ɢ١
ٻ࿴˿ǺĳĬһ̽鷳һˣҪ˹磬ĪҪ㣬׿ܼҿҪǵġ
Ŷˣ
лع˵ͷѵλǰʦֲãѴ򿪵ģǵı˰
ˣ
ЦͬΪʽ۷壬˵ǼϹ⣬֮ͬ¹˭
˴˶һۣ˲ÿɷЦЦ
󣬳׺ǰһȼ𣬴ȵõǱ磬壬һ˳־ˣһ߿Űɣ
䣬׺һƳһһų˲νϡ
ˣ
ʱ䣬εĽһҡڻζʱһըɢ١ǿó붴ڣֱóˮ۵ƤҲȸëЩĳ̶ȡ
ֹͫסһ׺󾪣æչҴǰݵˡոϷˣû˵ɣ
ûУ
ҡҡͷǿ׺˫ȴǲ˾棺ǰʦֲĽ磬ʦⲻ㾹Ȼ˲⿪ˡʵǲʦ
ЦЦ׺νذڰ֣ɫˣ΢ĩУʵ㲻ʲôұǿĶǡҪǸʦЩ˱ȵĻҾ͵ʲˣǺǺǡ˵ʵո̫߹ʦˣ˹ʵϣӣ
ʲô˵ʦôܣʦʥ˻ʣʽǿĴڰ
¸Ǵ󾪣Ǽֱų׺˵ľǴţġ˵һǿˣʵѹ˻ôͶħأңϳʥɽ⣬мܱȰ˻ǿ
²⣬ЩȦˡ
׺죬ҪţȴǱһԵһ£ѵ׿ܼҽǵ񣬾֮ˣ
ŶԶԶԣ߰ɣҪǴʱɾûϷˣ˵ţ׺Ҳæųһ·Сܡ
ܿ죬ȴǷ·ʲô͵һ˦֣˳׺ڵء
һ㶣˻࿴⣬ʵк£
Լ߰ɣҡˡȥ׿Ե޷ݡ
ΪΣ
ǽңһϼڽʥɽӡʱǱʥɽ壬ⱲӶ᲻ġ
һ񣬳ʧӣ׿أΪܼңҺҺǻȥҪˡܼҵȨҪˡ
ţȻʱ¶ȻЦݣȻ˵һһ߼ǵӣǰɱȥ
һǲԣȴǴһģһ׿ܼҶźˣʥɽǲģ


1251 ʥɽ
һ·񱼣˴ųǴѩɽȴǲûֱӳϼڣǱŴ
һѲߵŵӾ˵һХǰӰɣ˲ϢؽʮӴιȥ
ʲôɳʡ
ڰ֣˸ʰͬǶû£һǧ
˵ţٴδǰǱȥ;ĸȫܰγǿ֣ǲˣҲǣš
һƫƧǽ£ǽڴڣȴǺһϤ׿ܼңѾʮˣǿԿʼ𣿡
ʦ
üͷһɻؿ˶һۣȴƣɫ쳣ء
üͷţǲԣ̧￴ȥȴӰʥ壬ʦ޻ʣа׿
ʱ˿̣׿ߵŲ룬£
Ӧò˰ɣѾĥ˰ʱˣҪȡһʱ䣿
޻ʴˣڵĴӲˣٺȲᰡһ
׿ܼңʥߴ̸£Ʒģɫ޻ʿ׿ȻѾ굽˼㣬ްġ
ҲһʼҲǵ֮꣬дġ׿ȴ߯ޣһӲһӲȣһҪԵģһҪϲֱǹĨǣƫߡ
Ҷ˹ˣݵĸ߲ʿʲôʽ̸ǰÿǾһף׿ȴĥ˰ʱʱ䡣
޻ʶ䲻֪«ʲôҩⷬĥȴǰǵӶĥˣѱһʼĵȻš

ݺˤϣ׿ҲװŭЦߣ޻ʴˣô͵𣿿ҪʲôԵģѵǵϼڴ֮
ѾҪһ룬ʮˣ
Ƥݺһ飬ҲЩˣŭȵڣҲѾˣܻܲʵģּ㲻ӷǶӷˣ㾿Ҫʲô
һ㶣׿ЦôѾô𣿺ǺǺǡǸҶûʲôУ𣿡
ˣ
һݺӣŭ׿Ҵδ޳֮ˡΪҲ֪ʲôʱѡӣҲܲ˵ΪԵ޹ʶ˷ѣħʵ˼𣿡
νʼ磬׿Цһµʥ˲֪˲޻ʴ˱ʲô֪ˡʶǰħʴ˲ͣڿսǵʱʥߴ˳ֹĻѾֳʤˡ֮ʥߴڤͼҲ㹦ˣǵ˽˶Թ˾Ͳؽ˰ɣ
ʥɽľ⣬Ҫɲ֣ߣؿһӣȫƴţɱ̲䡣
۾һУ׿²мƲƲ죬Ϊ⡣
ǰ쭣Լ֣ôߺߡ
޻ʼˣǸæڰ֣ɫʥߴϢŭĪҪСʧ󰡡ѶǶ²ʰҪѾͷһѳ飬͸鷳ˣ
üͷᶶ˼죬ѹŭơ
޻һֿ׿׿ܼң֪ħָӣԳȻչأħλ˻ʷѣȻɼΣħʳغ㲻ýɣ
ò޻ʴ˲ˣһУΪħʴ˵İҵսҲǵõ׿ϵģͲ̫ˣǺǺǡ
ϣ׿ܼеӲˡ
Цһ޻ĵħʵͷսΪҺͽʶĥ£ʱǸۻܾˣˣǾͲƽˡڣֲǲˣе㲻صɡ
ûʲôصģĽײڤͼˣǻҪأ
ߣҲǹʲôԹ֮ڲ򣡡
һٴκһӣ屩ŭʵ㣬ΰ˻Ҫ䶯һˣʥɽɽ˻ͷΡ˭ᱻ棬˵أھ̣̫˰ɣ
üͷһ׿ʥɽ˻ʡûЦɣȻ˻ʥɽʥɽġô˵˻ʥ䣬Ҳ˽ʥĵؽ硣ʥɽһȺ̫ӵţ֪ʥΣһЩͷŽľҲûУңŵʥ򲻰źáǶ˭ûкôʥɽĹ¶⡣
Сʥɽˣ
Сʵ
ŵâ׿ʥһǿΪ𣬵ǿҪγҲҪֶ֯Σ֪£ܣ䰲ĿԴʥɽ˸߸Ϲˣǻ֪𣿱ʱָӣʥγɵ򱻴ƣǲͿ̿
ԣ޻ʲݣȴһЦÿɷ񣺡ʥɽˣ˭ΣǾֻ˻ʣҲû˸飡
ǻֻ𣿡
ʥɽٴδţ˫ͫ
޻ǸæٴֹȻֿ׿Ȱ׿ܼңʥɽľ⣬ֲҲʥɽ츳ʤΰ˻֮λأѣʱ䳤ˣҲһô
ߣʥɽôߵȹԴĹ£ﲻʥ߲Σ츳ܺõ
мƲƲ죬׿Цһ˰˻λӣʱ䳤ˣУ̬ǲġӵײǻ˽һģǳ鷳ʥĶңԼˣʥɽİߺߣ
׿䳰ȷ岻мһˣ޻ҲԶԡ
Уţ׿޻ʼ޻ʴˣȡ˻ʣ´ξͻɸ࣬˻ʶȡΨһɵײͳεĵ̣ҲȫΪЩ߸ϵʥɽϽΧ˽޳·ҲһԺʥֻʥɽ̤ʥ֮ܣ߲ǿ߻ȫʥɽ¢ϣ
мƲƲ죬岻ÿɷ񣺡Σڲһ𣿡
Ȼһڰ˻һԴԼʥطͻһЩɢʥʥɽһ¢ԴϣûˣЩʥɽߣʲô̤۷ϣ
Ǿ͹Ͷ̥úˣ
ǻа죬һЦ֮ڰ˻֮ĶԹΣ˭ܶˣ»ֵؽ硣Ϣܿᴫ˻Уû˸ΥħҲһˣߺߣ
ݺ߬߬ȭͷ׿зݣеɱҲһš
壬Լ£Ŀġڣʥɽľϣŭˡ
ǰǴײһˣ߰Ҳûκ˵͹ͷʥɽ
Ϊţһ죬ܳʥɽȺϼһȻԴϲǣ޾Ŭ
⣬ȴǻõײһȺһԶʧȥϣԴƿز˵ƶЩϣͻʥߵˣʥɽǿܿأµġ
ΪǿߵĻᶼûˣ
Ȼ֪ʥɽʲô裬ͻȻðô뷨ȷǣ׿뷨ʵ֡
һͳ˻ʵĽ࣬Ҫٿˡ


1252 
Լƽ׿Į
ûпһۣӻ֣ȥħʰɣǰ֪ϢУû֣һȡİ˻ʣܻ棬ǺǺǡ
ʥߴˣҪҷ밡
ֻǲϲˣ
Ȼˣ˾ͱҲһЩˣ
񣿡
üͷһؿ׿вңǺǣʲôʸвҵģ
һ̣׿ǾâȻУˣǡ
ǣ
üͷһƣ̲סЦһвңʡʡɣôᱻһŮңڣҲвءʵӣײңǰ˻ʣҲʮˣ֮Զ飬Ů֪ҪҪҽȥʥɽϢգɾҪСͷˣǺǺǣ
ԣǽĳǲȭͷһŭҪء
ԭСӴ⣬Ҳ
׿ת׿˿ҲֹסЦʥߴˣ̫СˡһϰߣܳΪħ֣ɲǵƾġΪҸһһŮ˵ĸ벩Ƿ̫˰ɣ
ô㻹ʲôõóĶ𣿡
ȻУǡ¶аЦݣ׿ĳΪΣһҪõǵԭ򣡡
һסˣɫҲ˲޻һæ׿㲻Ҫ˵ʥߴεһγɽ·ϼڣһʣϧŮӺҪߵԭ򣡡
ǰô򵥣ҲǸæ
ЦҡҡԴ׿ÿɷ񣺡ˣ촰˵ԭ򣬲Ǹ˿ĶѣĿģ˶Ŀɸ˵ܡǵ
˲һ˫˫Ƕݺݵص㡭֪Щʲô
֪ģûж٣Ҳ㹻ˣٺ١
թһЦ׿ǰ󣬱вԤסǡɴʱ콵ǳڵϼڸ޻ۼ⣬ϲ֪̽Ůϼһ㣬ӲߣΪӡڹϵش󣬶֪Ů֮ˣȫնݳɱۣĸ

һǽĳͣ¶֮ɫ޻ʶɫԽԽҲɢž֣׿Ҫ˵û£
޻ʴĪżҽ
Цһ׿֮޻ʴ͵͵ǱڸڡҺʶʱģ±ԼĿɽʥɽˡڵ֪ºɽǵԵ޹ʼһŮӤȻ⡣Ա㰲ԼӣԵԳݣŮʥɽ˻ɡϾŮӺϰ
Ƥֹס˶һ˦֣ȵһɺԣΪҪô󹤷򣿡
ΪǿʱѾ鵽һЩϹżأ֪롭۾йأͫһ׿ȵ
ֹסһ岻˼ָ㡭ô֪
ʥɽйżѵҼû𣿡
ܣʥɽĹżҲֻǲ鵽ֻƬһίħʵС壬ôС
Ϲӣ
Ȼû˵꣬ǱһĴȽסת׿ȥȴ޻һشɫ
һЦ׿Ҿ˵ôʥɽ̫үǣ˿ɽ⣬ʲôǰ;ѵ㲻֪ոһ仰֤ǰ˵ʵڻҪ𣿡
㡭ӣңݺָ׿ȫϵɱֹסɢھҲˣ֪̫ˣȥɣ
䣬Ҫ֣׿ȴΪ⣬ɵ̫үִˡ֪ö࣬ɡҳұ֤Ϣɢʥ䡣ʱǵˣﲻǵʥɽʲôʥɽַ֣ŵˣǺǺǡһʥ۷ϼһǣͻƵ۾ܣƴ
֨
һǰӣҲˡֻǺݺݵ׿ҧгݡ
޻ǽ׿ɫأ°һ
˻ʼʥ߶ҪսսС΢ĩУȻƾݺıԣʥץģʵǷǵ֮
ֻץʥߵİѱץһֱȼյը˵ʲôʱͻԼը÷ǣСӽ컰
ȻһʱסԼȴ޾ʥɽǲưڸݣһһ𣬽նɱܵġ
뵽޻ʼ൱أ֪ģ
һ޻Ҳ൱ڳһСǽĳһҪгȴͣǳˮ
һʦĸ縸û뵽ˣ
ߣòǺ䣬װӹˣҰҵ΢΢һЦ׿Ϲ
ʵһ֤ûУжǲ²⣬µĶԣö˶ʱԼСһнҲԷֶԸЩˣˡ
üͷţ޻ɻ󣺡ܰҵʱõˮ©ô©֮㣿
ǿ϶⣬Ҫôô֪ôࣿ
ŭһֿ׿㾿Ҫôſϰڶ
νʼ磬׿аЦһûãԺ㡣ǡҲϣҺħʴˣʥɽУʲôǣ
˵ţ׿תȥٳſǰЦһĶˡ
׳գʥôҶԶأ


ݺһȭδϡãŭõʥɽȻһһ취ûУʵд
ǰСĿ¡
޻Ҳֹס̾˵ʱŸæָָԼͷ­ЦֻԴѣʣʲôطȲ
Ƥֹסһ飬һǾһ˿Ѫ
ãʸұ𣿲ƨĶ
ʦʦ²ˣ
ȻһٵźһŮӼǰ£ʦڵʦǶ͵Ϯιȥˣʮˣ֪Ϊ
ʲôʮ˱裬һ㶯ûУʵһĪ⣬ȥȫѲ飡
ǣ
һͷȥˣܿһӽ룬ݷȥʦ²ãѩ֮ϣ÷ʦ屻˴裬ʦҲˣ
ʲô
ֹסһʧɫǺݺҧҧǵʥɽһıҪ죬˴ˣֱд˭ӶҪʬΣ
䣬ݵһӰ޻ס


1253 
ݣ
һƬɭУ׿ָصȺʱƿͳ׺ųǶʱ׿ǰ£׿ܼң
ض񣡡
˰֣׿㲻ȥǣת׿һįĳǣиܣ΢΢󣬿οǣˣͲѹˣȥˣ
ͨ˫ۿǶʱһί͵˵׿˫Ȼʪ󣺡׿ûˣ޸ĸʦֳ֣ҡҡ
ˣѹⲻô
ĺ󱳣׿һοǸϹţͼʼ壬ܿ࣬뿪Ǻ¡ԺôԸҶȫԸɣΣ
һͣЩسȴû˵
˼ǣ޻ʶ⣬ôϰ֮ʦͽ֮飬һҲܡ
ʦͽѣ׿ȻĿĴﵽˡ֮ǰų޻ʵĹϵ׿ж⳸⣬ӴʱʼȴҲûˡ
֮׿㽫̫Ū䲻֧֣Ҳᷴˡ
뵽׿һ³Ǳ󣬱㽫ǣǵҰɣñϵСӷǿаȥ
΢΢ͷǲ֧ȴ˳ӡϾ׿Ψһ
ǽﰲȫͻȥ󣡡
ǣ
ֶһˣǱٴιһݣǵı۰ವһ˲ʧ뿪
ԶȥıӰʧ׿ǻЦݡ
һӺƿһ⻮̽ѰѹۼҧأŭĻ쵰ⶵȦӣҪԻ󱾹ӡߣӿɲϵһǴסʬκٶǣ
ৣ
Ȼһ·ǰУȴأһӰʱǰ͵һ٣ͣۿȥȴ˲Ǳˣ׿ɣǻһ˿ĪЦ⡣
ʥߴˣҪȥر˱ȭ׿һЦ
Ƥݺݶ˶ҹû£
ΪʥߴЧͣҵȷ֮¡˲˵˵кҪ£Ҳܰأ
ʥߣʥں绽꣬õϽȻҾͲˡΪǵһѱǰֺˡ䲻һŪ㣬ķɶúģ
Ŷµʶһ£۽磬ǺǺǡаһЦ׿ǻڽ˫ۻǰô̩ȻڿУͨ
üͷݺݶãҵģƲԳԷƣߣ

䣬ӿ͵һǿʥƱΡɽ㣬ݺ׿ѹ˹ȥǹɿֲѹضΪ֮һĻʽ׸ҪײĽϣڸ˲ɡ
ǣ׿ȴɾվԶƽЦݡһһתʥߵѹƱ˲ɢ·Ƶġ
ôܣ
ֹͫסݺһһһϣȻܡף㲻ǾôշУ
аЦһ׿ҲˣȻԵõľĻ˵շˣİƶסǸոյ̩ɽѹѹѷˣĻ߶أǺǺǡ
㡭һֱʵ
ǻȻֹסһɫҲô㾿ǺεΪ
˵ʽ۷壡
ߺߣԭˣȻѲˣڱǰɲ
ԣ࣬Ȼ¶ſ֮ɫһ֣㻹ﵲӹ
˵ţǺݺһ̤ţ׿ȥȫƿ񱩣ҪǰһУײɷһ㡣ʥߵĹʽӲѹԵơϧȴһĻʽǿߡ
ۣ
һ죬ӿһײ·һͭǽˣرͣһһ岻ȥ
ͫݺһ´󺧣̧ۿȥȴֻһֻ۰ϣεץһֱצצˣǰǸʽǿߣ׿
ôܣ
źǲ˼ض
ֻһֻ־ͽӵֹסˣǻʽܹ쵽

ǣ˼꣬׿ֻֻһ˲佫ǧ֮⣬ڿз˼ͷſͣǣ׿ȴӳࡣ
㡭Ǻηʥ
Ҵܼң׿һ̣׿Զôƽţ⣬·ܵĸȾ޷ˮ㣬뼫¾̬
һУУȴӿ¡ƵؽԼطʵɲ⡣
ǰСˣ
üͷֹסزţ忴׿ҲԽ£˫ȭһҪˡ
ʥ
һȣ͵һĿİ׹һֻӰľʹ󺺣Ȼ֮䣬˰񽣣ɢѵصķ֮߰Դھ˵üĴ·׿š
һըѡ
˫ִӱ͵سڹԵ񽣣ʮɳ̣з֮ơԶԶȥһ㡣
ոհٺñӵ޻ʣңңΣҲֹסһ̤Ų˼
ʥߴ˾ȻԼʥ߾ˣ°ǵĶ֣ɵ֮
ৣ
һƿգֱֱָ׿ǻʽ۷壬Ӧ֪ʥʽ׵ĲࡣǻʼӡʥǰûаôʶľͽǽȻһħʱķʽӿɶʤ
Ŷ𣿡
üͷһƣ׿Цһ̧ԼۣеսȼôǸˣȻ޳ԹҶǵˣ紦ΪҲԼ֪ʵڤұ㣬ֻϧһֱûлᡣڡǺǣ㻹˰
˫ͫһЦңôĿǱӵҪƣʽôʥߣ
䣡
һ䣬ǺؽѾ޽ݺ׿£֮ǿءؼӿڿձգһƬĩ졣
ǣֵǣ׿һĶֵȴƽ·˿Ƶġ
ȫ׿ʱͫһƮƮһȭѸǰһ
ȭ
¡¡
һȭΪ֮飡
ֻո׿ȭһĿĺ£ʱըѿѣռһƬƬڵĿռѷ纣˰ܱӿǹɿֲȭҲ˲֮ǰûӦǰһ޳͵ش˹ȥ
ʱ䣬ʥؿأñһ뾶ǧ׵Ĵ󶴡޴ҡһ£Ҳǻһɢʧ
۵һ³һ죬ˤأȻһƬɷס


1254 ҾǸͶ̥
飡
صˤڵϣȫ¹ǶϽۣ⻹ҪġҪʥ٣ڸͨͨشûиʮǾѻָģڸзһ㣬˿û졣
ʱ˿̣±˵ǾǸڵޣðıУװˣ

һ紵׿޸֮ʥߴˣǻаЦݡ
忴澪ֹ֣ס촽㡭㲻ˣǹޣ壡ʥߣǿôܲûʼӡʥ֮ͻҵʥأ
ǺǺǡˣȴеƫģ
Цҡҡͷ׿ÿɷ񣺡ʵǰޣһɲһ޻ɱȡȫ±ʥ޷壬ղֻұҲʥ޳һֻڤʱֵðԵ۽̵֮˵Ըôʥ߳ڵСӣõô໨ҵĻʵԶԶ֮ˣòã
ʲô
ͫɵúݺݶ˶岻ʧɫıȻôϹŸֳ㾿ʲôˣ
ԭʥ˻ʣħ׿һҹܼң׿
΢΢һЦ׿гħʣ־ûҪٶ˵˰ɣ
ལ
˿ĭ㷣ħ׿һ˵õħ۵Ĺѵ˶ϴμ֮
ˣϧΪʱ
Ҫʲôͷһŵɪϡ
аЦ׿ȤҪʲô㲻֪𣿸ոҶ˵ģĵ׵ܣ֪˼ô飬еʾ𣿡
ʾ
԰úðԼϣıʾˣ
һЦ׿̧֣ðץȥ̻¶飬ͱѾˡϾ˵ϵģˣʥߴˡϣ´Ͷ̥Ͷ̥ͶʥɽһͶ̥ôײһҲ⣬ΪͶ̥ģͶ̥ȥͶ̥أ
ҪҪ
һҽУ쳹ŵ죬ҽҲʧ׿ʱȴֻһѻҷɣ̲һأмƬûлȫǻУӭҡڡ
³һ׿޵ʥ߰񡣺þûħ󻯾λȥúúˡȣøԳͽһɾ͵òʧˣǺǺǡ
ಣ
ģһƿ׿΢һУһתʱʧ
ãʥɽɥȥɣߺߣ
ৣ
һ޻ʵӰʱطҲ̽һЩɻ󣺡֣ոտʥߴ˵ʥȷֵİôȻͲأ
ʦ
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ѵ˵ǲǸѵ̫Ũ֪ѶѳˣԶ󿪣ʱ뵽һ㡣
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ѳ飿ǺǶӲʶãѳʲô飿ӵҲ̫߿˰ɣ
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ԣƤһոջ͵ݣٴγֻצһס޻ʵĲαϴθ࡭


1255 ħʳ
ȿȿȣ
ݺôǱצ޻һɿȣ촭ˣɽ
ĳ²㣬࣡
ݺݶҧгݣҶҲͰˣһıŪˡ˵ңţ
Ųӣ޻ȻͰ͵ɽɽȻˣôûһܱˣԶҲðɣ
ߣøƨ

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һ󸹷̣޻ȴô˵ֻǹݵɽڰ
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΢΢һЦ׿Ϊ⣺ħʴˣͲˣ
ʲôΪʲô
ӥʹʶ˳սս裬ץ²ûϣ

һ죬ԳϺݺһʯͷĳ˷飬ֱд϶Һ£ӲŹǵģ
ǰħʴ˳սǶʲҡ˻ʹǵȻһ¥ؿ׿һЦ
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䣬Գһ̤ţݵһ׿ӹֱȥգ۲Ӱ
ԶԶʧıӰ콫ͻҺֻص׿ߣ׿ܼңʲôô񲣬ˣ
ģƨĹϵ
Цһ׿³һ¶аЦݣħʳˣһȺ蹷Ҫҧˣ͸ħɽһǺǺǡ
׿ܼңʲôʱ֣
ʱִ˴ƣһڴǲֵ֪Ƕĺܡӥʳֺ󣬺ܶ˶޲ȥһ˻ʵֻû֡ȻҾӥʺ͹ʵĵ类ˣٺٺ٣
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ݺݵһۣ׿âҵĸ֣Ҫʥɽսģڴ֮ǰκ˵Ļʥɽ˻ʣǾͺƬʥײͬػˣ


1256 ֲѹ
䣡
һ˷ӥ̶ӰХӥʺ͹ʶַ£ԭȱħʴʳ˫أҲĺУ˲䱻˻ң˼ҷǳء
еһУΪȫԼأŲӥʺϲˡȻϴδսǶǲбܽɲСολ˻ʣ췴أ
ǵ޵ĲҽУӥʽŲӥһȣһԵĹʹȭЦ֣ѵܷԼĵ̲ˣǰңм
ӥֿȻǶľֻ֧šһȫԸˡħ£ٷֶʳָ֮񲻸ãڵʧνˣ
һƬƬɫƲ֣ʲЦһ˿Ϊ⣬ӥҲͬصԴ۹ǶʺħҲκβǡңҸʶкٲϴһҵԮˣ
ԣϴξǸ׿ǹϷħʵ̺һҪ취ǸͷʦŪ˵պʲô۶ӣһɱ⣬ʵͳɤ
ӥҲֹסԴǻһаЦСӵȷƻħ߶ɽʵڲģ

ţӥʶ̤űʬǴŴһΡĳǰһ֣ǰĴűһľбը
˱˴˶һۣ¶Цݡ
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ৡ
䣬׷ɵӰ˲ǰǧ֮࣬·Ǿµʯ㣬
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ǣһ֮УǵȴȫǾһĶɢҲ͵һǷֱֱ֮󵹷ɳȥͣӣǺͷһ۵һ̲ס³һѪǰӵԳϵҲǾ֮ɫ
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ৣ
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ħʣݵſͬΪ˻ʣһ֮Ƕˣߺߣ㻹ûǸʸΪʦ׿һİ˻֮𣿡
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ǵаԽԽԳϲɵôЦһſԣʦǰ˻֮ףԳһܹңһøãԽĵλӽԺᵽǿħʣǸ׿һħԳϣ
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ܶνᶯӡǷӥ͹Ҳϣȴβֺ
һʱ䣬ӥʶ˵Ķͷ϶亹һҲݺ߬ѡ

һǺת˼Ȧӥ͹øа˫ͫӡҲǳ˳һ㡣
ֻԳϵ֮УȴǷ
ʲôٺٺ١
аؿŶˣԳϲԽز˲ǿˮճЦ϶ռϡȻ˵ĻǾ͵ҵϺˡ˻ʰǵĹһ󲹣
֪˵ʲôǴУҲɵ˿־壬ӥʸ̲סȳħʣɶģǲʵˣǺ̸ɡǰЩʥɽǸմϢͣЩҪȡ˻ˣòʱ£˴ɣ
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1257 
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ԣ˼ֱţħʾȻ˿Դ󣬶ҿҲһ㣬񲡣
˴˶һۣһٴνᶯӡ
ӥ棡
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Ӳһͣӥʶɫ쳣ѿΪʧܼ©أûֱȥˡ
һֻԲƣĶ˱˴˶һۣɫӳ
ааЦЦԳϽǣ¶Ц֮ɫӥʣʣϼһѾҶˣҲûãǹԹԵҵϰɡ̤ϵ۾̣֮Ҳһݹͣ
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һԳϻûӦǵɫӰһӣ˳ȴһֻɫӥľצ»ץֻɫĹӰһֻ棬һֻӥȴӥʶ˵ĻӡǺ
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ৣ
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龰ҲٵУǲԼͬģʮĬһ̤Ųתȶӣٶ֮죬ƽС
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תתӥһۣȻһƻӥʼͷԲסˣӥ֡һסСܶģպһɱԳϣΪ㱨𣡡

һûӦԼ˰㣬ӥʵʱһһͣ˲䱻Գץס˲ͬʱ˵ӣҲʱסˡ
Ĺʣҵϣ㲻ú˫Ŀͨ죬ӥʿŹʼټӿıӰ
ǹȴû㣬Ŀͷһ۵ĹûУֻڼܡ
ӥ֣Ǹһܱã׷ѵġ
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ӥƤһ޳ˡԳϽץĲӣﻡȣǵͬ˰˸ж갡
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ӥʲΡΡɥ飬ǻû˵꣬һǺȻһȫûһӺ󣬺ɢԳǰȴֻһƬ촷۶ѡ
ߺߣţ㵱ҸһŰ˻ʵĻ𣿹
аĴЦ쳹񷣬ӥʲħʴʤ֮䣬ִƲ񷡣ոջɾħԼϴԣҲǷ׷׳ҡźϡ
ܿ죬ħʱת俴һۣһ֣˾֮У˲仯Ϊ촷ۡ
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ضǣħŭһҴ¸ĵ̣ռķ²ūҪϣûУ
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Զ׿һ￴һУʧЦҡҡͷ³һһԵҲЦһ૵׿ܼңħԽԽɵˣɱ£˵
ⲻɵǷ񣡡
΢΢һЦ׿ŵâħ󻯾ʵѾ˽ơΪոʲô¶ܸɳҪ񣬵ȿһ̶ȣĿˣʲôҲˡŰɣʥɽ˸ˣǵλɣ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
УǱϢ𣿡ģ׿תʵ
ҡҡԴ칪׿ܼңûôҲȲˣ
ǵȲǻһ󣬼ˡüͷһ׿תʧӰ


1258 
ʲôħһ˴ӥʹʶˣӥʻɱˣ
ϼڣ޻ʽӵոմ򣬾ĪƤֹסôܣӥϼһʵҿǲǰŽôᱻɱأǶһ¡ҹҲ뽣ʹ˰еˣûô
촽÷Ҳǰ˼⣺ʦǣʵȴӥˣʰӣ֪١ҵĵ̣ħһ·̼¡ħѾ˻УˣС
ǻ᲻Ǹ׿ֳʲôףӥأɫ΢أ޻ֲɵ
ҡҡͷ÷õʦ㣬Բһ˽սĿ֮£ս֮ϣü١˻ʵʵɲʲôıֲ˵ġСӳƲ壬ҲܱƵӥʶֶû֮
ǰ¾ˣѲħʳʲôҩôˣüͷһƣ޻иɡ
ǲͷӻ֣ˣ⸽Ϯ»ûֲ֪ķ°ȥĻ˻֮Թ
ʦ˵öԣ΢һ÷ͬ
ʱһŲһǰʦһ򴫵ѹǿԲ쿴ָʦײģ
ӡ
ù򣬲쿴޻ʲһǹʴģ
˵ţ޻ü˼۵һ忪ӡϸϸ쿴Ȼһеǰ˻۹֣Ҫ̣
ӦǹҴսģ÷һԵ
΢΢˵ͷ޻վȥãǺ¶ûͷǾȥħʵΰɣ
˵ţ޻շ÷ҲǸæϡ
һº޻ʶ䵽һƬصһڣ岽һڣͷӲݣµ䡣
޻һ·ͨһ䷽ͤԣһȺϤӰ˹⣬ʵȰ˻ʸ֣Ҳ䡣
޻ʴˣڵˣŮˣʸæȭһָһԿ
Ҳ޻ʻһڱֱ⣺չʴǰΪǰħɱӥ֮£
һ˶뿴˹ǳصɫҲ¶ѯ֮ɫ
Ͼ̫ΣòѰ˼ࡣ
ǰټλ̸Ϊ£³һֹס̾ӥòҰʬ׶ûС
ôһ𣬰𣿡оâһĵ
ҡҡͷɫһҲҲʵ˻ʼĶԹѾã˭Ҳ˵ѣǵˣ˭˭ϣǾȡûʲôɱġֻӥȴΡǲܽ⿪㯣˶ΪǸӵϣú
һ˶һ
ôħôǿǶԶһĶ֣ӥʻ˲ǷʲôԵʣ
ʲôԵʣĽǵȷһ֮У޻һۣ̾Ϣ˵ǵ漼ˣɱȫӦ
ɫһ࣬ٴζһۣһҲŽ
ǽʣһУԵΪءô˵ʵȻв˻֮׵ĵλ
ˣϷϣҲδӮˣ
ʣ
ԣʲЦһˡֱԣӮ˵׿һ𣿡
һɫ䣺ΪˣѾǧȥˣǲ˽¶йʶ𣿡
ǰ˭Ǹɶħʣܹһߵİ˻֮סȻȻһȴκһ˻ʲСһ˿ɵǧ
˿꣺ڣ᲻ˣϾһ׿һҪˣʵԿֻԼ
Ƥһʽţô˵ʲô˼ѵǸԳܱȵʦ׿һˣߺߣôܣ׿һ츳ڳʥɽУԾ˵ʥɽҲʥ۷֣пܴﵽ׼ۣ۾ԳСӵԣôʦʮ֮һĹûﵽôܡߣ
ʣ㻹ţǰûﵽûУһӿֲأ
۵żɵ֮ɫʵͳɤ˼ˣڿЦɫҲǸ
ɨһۣʼټԳСӣǰˡǰհԵȴǷʲôҲˣͷûǷҲͰˣʥɽмһˣ˵ܿƽʥɽ
𣿺ߺߡмƲƲ죬˽ǲÿɷҡԴ
ȴһЦ쳣˵仰ɲԵ޹ʵģǼڵӣҲһָоӡģô˵Ƕʱھͽߵɱӥʵĵزֱ׷׿һ˰
ôʲô

ʣ˲óһʯһ̯ʱһƬҳǻЦݣǾãʲô

ˣ
ˣ
û
˵ͷһһٵҷħСӣҵǳսҲһ㣬սΪҪϡӥ֣ҲȵĹ£˲仯Ϊɻҵģ
ʲô
Ȼһ˷׷״󺧣ʥֹģŭԹǷˣҪ֮졣ѵʥɽֳɽ𣿡
ҸոѾ˵ˣѲʥɽҵʱ˵¶һ仰ǺܿܳƵۣʱʥɽƨ
Ƶۣ
üͷһٴδ󾪡
Ϲ⣬Ͼû˳Ƶ۹ĵ˵ԼһƵأʥɽ֮УҲûܳƵ۰
ܳƵ۵Ļʥ۷壬һȺΧҲΧ㣬Ҹɳð֮踵Ķ
ֻнʣĵƵ۵ķֻ֣ҪôԼ򣬿ϧûܹﵽ֮ǻۣҪôǡ
Ϲŵ۾У
ȻȻ򣺡ѵ˵˵ۼУ
صص˵ͷҲ̾ԼҪȻֹʱʵأһ˵ǵȿԣҲͺýˡ˵۾УƵ۲ʱ⣬ȷʵԲںʥɽĿˣ
ףƬ
ģ޻ƺ´½촷óһž֮ɫ
ʼˣ֪͵͵ѼЩʬϵƺĹܽ껯Ϊ촷ۣҲһ
ôʬһѵ˵
أ޻ʷ·ҵʲôȻص˵ͷ°Ц
һԭİħʣߣ
ˣɽܵġ
λ
Ȼո˼ˣ֣صǶȻ𣺡ֵŽһ£Ըħ׿һһ㣬ԸԳˡĽѵһǵðɡΪʥˣ׿һ鼱֮£¼ΣǿҪˡ򼴱˵۾Уְװױ˱ˣαأ
һͷȻȫת׿޻·Ǹܵģ
Ƥһѹ޻ΣҲֻõԴͬˡ


1259 ı
ɵģС¸ͣһȫںеӰļŵɽпǰһһͤҿôǻû𣿡
׿ܼңˣ͵ݹˣ
ģһĴЦ쳹ƿӰֵǰǽʵλ˻ʵˡ
Ǻ˼ˣҲǲЦһͷӷ£¶׿аЦݣѵðλ˻ʣȻħʹܼǰСʵܳ
׿ܼҿˣܰԼǰҵοһ˸ƣǰʯǰ
ˣҲǷ׷
׿ϵˮն˶ͬ£ЦλǰԼΪ°Ҫˣħʴ˶˵
û߹ɣ
Ȼ
Щŵݣ׿֪ЦħʴСͷ˼أȻҪܼҺãܴȻʹˣ
ԶԶԣ׿ܼҵǷ֮ˣܶһ棬ͷ
ȻһЦʷصͷ
׿ˣȻһЦֱˣոµλûشǰΪô˵ֻǸܼң̫ľ߿Ҫħʴǣ
ǲ㣡
ǻһа죬ʸɿһĵ׿ܼҰʽ̸֮ǰϷһ£ħʴ˿ʲô쳣𣿡
쳣ûаոմʤ̣쳣üͷһ׿ɫһҭ˵
ЦŰ˰֣ʼ׿ܼǴˣӦϷĻϷħʵܣֻǴһ״ǷסӦ֪ǰսϵĹ̺ͷ񣬾൱µġߣɷӵϣĿɲǡ

һ׿¶֮ɫ૵ʴô˵ĻħʴЩԾ
ﲻԾ
˱øˣͶһҪ²ͣšȻôսħеĽʿҲܲˣɹעһ˭Ȱûð˵ħɽ⣬ȰɵĶħʴ˴ˣ
Ҫô²ʲôǲʲôаŹʵԵøӼࡣ
׿һͣȴǲ˵ˡ
Ϊģʸæһ⣺׿ܼңǴʲôʱʼģ

üͷһ׿ãҡҡԴҴڤԪڼº󣬲ֻصħɽټħʴ˵ʱ·ˣ
ڤ֮󡭡ˣ
˴˶һۣλ˻ŵâ¶˷֮ɫȻƵġ
Ѿ϶ڤԵɺµڤ۱̬ġֻһֱضһ˶̣ͬ׿һһߺߣ
һ㣬˵Ŀĸȷתתֵ޻ʿջ׿ܼңħԳǸƢ¸ɵĿɻ˳

΢΢һЦ׿һƽħʴ˶ԱȻȽϿ̣һмӵģҪôôȰɵ˶ˣֻһأǺǺǡ
Цŵͷ޻޵׿ܼҲŻ磬˵ħˣĸ϶᲻ȥǡû㣬Żáһ㲻ˣֻǸ̬أ
ţһһֱõģ¶һ˿׿ݸһЦÿɷ
һݣ˱˴˶һۣɫ΢΢˳
׿ʵͣǸ֮߰˰
һ㣬޻ȴЦ׿ܼҵǻۣҵǰ˻ʣʥǣ˭ܵ׿ܼ˲ţΪĸǡһʮᣬһ˵ǿ˿ɼʱǻ𣿡
ʲô˼
Ƥһ׿Ӳ˶٣ϵЦҲ
ľٶ޻ͷƻ󣺡׿ܼӦףħΪ֮ǿȥǿһŰ߿ҲΪ߹룬û˶֣ܼһӦΪԶ㣬׿ܼңҵ˼𣿡
û˵׿۾һ£ʼ
׿ܼң
ʱֽſڣԸ²ǣȻڰ˻֮Уʤڰ˻ࡣϷţκһʽ׸֣׿ܼҸȻа˻֮ܣ˻ʡûħʣɻԼħû㣬Ӧ̨ˡϴҺӥʶ֣԰ȥѵԸĲŸɣһû֮£Ҫ𣿡
˿׿ƺģ죬૵˵ɣǾҪʲô
ϣǸɵԳϣ
࿴˿˼׿ڱ˵ͨˣʱϲʸǼ͵ͻȻħʵһᾪݾߣ鷳ˡԣǱΧǣħʵؽôţҪжûڲȫܵģħɽַô࣬ǰ˻ҪϢȥǳ˵Ρ
ħʱչأħɽħָӴȨ׿ܼֻҪǿ˷֮ţһоͺ˵ˣ
ص˵ͷ׿Ҳϻֱ˵ô֮ʲôô
˻֮λ֣
׿ʹ죬޻ҲǴϲæʱһƾΪ°˻ʣȻԼǻʽ׸֣Ǽκһλѿأʵʰ˻Ҳûʲôֱ𣬶ǵʱҲֻƽƽǸܾǸ˿ģ˿׼İɡ
˵Ļ𣿡
ȻǿԵķġϴθλʥҲȻ㴫ʥɽİɣʥɽҲͬ⡣պ󼴱ʥɽɽҪĳλ˻ʣҲ㣬ĵλ൱̵ġ
Ϊص˵ͷ޻ɨڳ༸һȦŵǼ˶ûСҲ˵Ժǲ˻ʣҲλһģ
ԣͷ׷Ȱ˵
԰Խ㻹ʲôӦģ
ǰǶˣʥɽֱǻѵһħʴ򹤣³
ؿһЩϼһǣ׿һЦϡ
Щûʶˣǳջ˻λû˿λգЩư˻ʶﲻ
ϸϸһ룬³֮Щư˻ʻں˻֮λ
õ۾еǣ۹Ȼ۷λãﻹںڵ
Щϼһ̴ãǹ졣
׿ϣôԸԽԽá
Ǻ°ͣ׿ƺҲ⣬̧̧ƤЦôλˣʱ֣
仰˻࿴̲סȻЦ
׿Ҳһ̣¶аЦݡֻ۵ȴû˲ģһһ
뵱꣬Ҳôƻͽİɣߺߺߡ


1260 Χ
һºħɽǰ׿㣬ݵħʴˣǸոǳأ²ǧʮˣѾ͵

һɳƣȴּȵ𡣽ţ¡¡һ죬ʯǻ򿪡
׿һ̧ۣȥ棬ȴԳϴڴڵشŴ˫Ѫ죬о޾ķҰһ㣬˻أù
ৣ
һ֣ǧӰ˲ڵУʯء
ԳϼˣмһȫˮƵģ˲ûЩȻӰ
׿Ƴһۣǻһһת뿪ǣѾԳϣȴȫûʶ쳣龰
Լ£Լкһ¾뿪ˣʲô
ʬ
ģһش֮𡣵˵һ֮УɵɢһɿֲĲ
ֹͫסһԳ°һ⣬һ̤žҪ뿪ϧһȻˡ
䡭
һܵıը˷ǿҵĳʱ˲ɢӡֻգ֮䣬ħɽͷڵ֮±Ϊƽء
Ũҵ̳ɢȥ·ɳһϯաһۼħҲ֮仯Ϊ촷ۣȫӰ
ಣ
ǣը֮£̳֮УһӰȴԹҽ˳䵽ϣ̲סεֹסؽȾµĻɳһƬѪɫ
ʬʣ
ݺҧҧӰ̧ͷ¶ԳݣǵεµѪʣҰӣһ֮أ
ģɲֹһ˰
ȻûãһĴЦȴǶ쳹񷣬ţƿӰˢˢǰȴǽʡ޻ʵȫˡ
ͫ΢΢˸ԳϺݺݶǲţҧгݣ϶Ȼˣλӣʵд뵽Ⱥ쵰ûһסġΧʦΧң
Գϣ⻰˵ľûˡΧʦģҲķݶô˵ĸһʲôöߺߣ
һЦһؿҲֹסЦǰԳϣϿұ˶̣ԼƨɻɾءΣ˵ҲǷ̵ĺܣʦһУֱˣǱӦˬ

üͷһԳ꣬źȻ𣺡԰ôôħʵؽ磬û˷ֵģħɽر⣬󷨲ϣǼɽҲһ㶯ô£
аЦһ˱˴˶һۣ¶Ȼе˶һԳϼˣҲǵ񣬿ȴһһ㣿
£ħʴˣ
΢΢һ̣׿ǰ˹Цɴ˺񰮣ƹħħɽĴȨұЩ˿һɫͨ⼸λ˻ʴ˽Ǹˣ
Ƥֹסغݺݶ˶Գҧгݣ׿ͽ㣬㾹Ȼ֮£
˵ţԳ͵һǿȻ׿ѹ˹ȥͬʱһƻӳһƬɫӰֱֱ׿ѹȥ
ֹסһ׿¶ɫæˡ
ʱһʵӰĻңһѳأǰһݣƲ񷣡
ݣ
ƿһΪĿİ׹ɾ޽ֱϾ졣˲ͺǾ޴ɫӰݺݵײһ
䣡
쳹صܵĸ߷嶼ڲͣ΢΢˶ɵʮſֹסΣԳϵݣҲǺȻ֮ɫ
ԳҲ΢΢˲ӣؿһͣһٴǣελأȾһƬ
ʣôˣ
ʶһˣߣԳϵɫҲءʵû뵽ԳϹȻĵزֱǵڶ׿һˡ
۾ֵĴУȻǿ
΢΢˰֣ʴڴڴ˼ڴɫҲǳصúܣͬʱȴǸңСӵĹȻǵ°ɣҪضԴˡҶǰ֣ȻȻ治֪ζԸ
ԣͷԳȴԽߣ׿š
׿
ҧĸֱ죬Գ˫ͨ죬жѪʳƽն㲻Ϊ˸ң㽫Щֽŵʬ壬ڱĲУױش֮ͽôվҵǰ
΢΢һЦ׿ǰȻõ˵ͷħʴˣΪΪʳҵͶˣ뱼ǰ̡ڴԽԽǿպ¾ͲҪˡ飬ҲϷرǼλ˻ʴ˿ȷջҰ˻֮λ䣬ʵûɾܾôһǰ̡ԡǺǣǸ
Ǹãұħʵģ
ǿܴԳ͵һ̤ţһƻȥһǲӣԳ֮ƣݺײ˹׿ɱĿꡣ
׿ܼҲصģڣ˲㣡
һֽ׿󣬽ʴһ׿ȴֹסЦ
뵱ƺҲôԳ˵ģӲԳǵĳŵħǰãߺߣ
׿²мȴ֪һУھ׿ıԳϿҪӽʱһ̤ţ֣Գϣ㻹˵ˣ˵αʦ׿ܼҶԣʦƺûʸô˵ɣ
Ҹˣ˸ң
ͫһԳǾȫӳ˫ƣǺҲǾ޺һɳײȥ
ҵڤȫ
㻹û
һȣҲǴͷųԼĻӡѵأϽ
񷣬Ʈ飡


ৣ
ʼӡ̬죬ȫһ𣬺ݺħȥһڵĿռҲ䣬ѿڵĿӡ
ʼӡײʥĿռ䶼鿪
˺ݺӣˣɫ죬˿˿ѪɵǡԳȴֹס˲ֱֱʮſͣ۵һһںںѪˮ˲ɶԶ
龰ֹסЦԳϣ֪ǹǲûлǵꡣֻҪһֱƴȫײǰﻹܶס֮ⷴ𵴣ֻҪײΣϽ϶Ƕ֡ħʣ־ܰɣ·ˣ


1261 ʲô
־ܣ
üͷݺݶţԳԹ˫ǰ˲ţȴ¶˿־ĹЦݣͶߺߣŶûУǼҵţƣʵһһˡǶҰѲϴɾԹԵˣ
мƲƲ죬ʲÿɷ񣺡ħʣѾǰΧˣܵȥ·ˣʶĽڤõĹҲΪ㣬ȻĻ
Ҿ֪Ⱥ϶ֶԵеģҲˣһģһ
бƳǣԳȴҡԴ䣺ϧҲǵʦõﻹԼһֵġǰ֮ǰץңǳ룬
һЦһԳȫƣ˲ûС
˫һɣۼֿ죬һһָߣûôף
ৣ
ĿİâգǺ֮кڰɢǣĿɿڴǣǺоȻһӰûСԳϵӣô컯֮£Ե޹ʲˡ
龰˶ˡ
⡭ô£
˴˻࿴ɻ󣬽ʸǽ׿ʵ׿ܼңıָħ߲ӣ֪о𣿡
üϸϸ˼׿ĳħǸԼһֶΣҲ֪ԵɡԿ϶ǣոһ¾۷ѣƾʧ⸽ӦʲôܵӲŶԣ
û׿ܼ˵Ѱң
˵ͷʴһ˱뿪ʼѰ׿Ҳǿߣ쿴ܻ˼
ǣһʱȥˣʱȥˣ˶һֱʱ޻ʲһУ·´½˷ܵǿҵˣ
æȥ쿴
ȻһƬдеĲݴԼ䣬һĶѨңң¿ȥһס
ȥ쿴󣡡
ʲ˻֮ףڱʣʱ̣һȣҪȥȴǱ׿˻ֹ֣ˡ
˲⣬׿ֻʧЦһ̾׷ĻˣʱȥԶˣȥҲ׷׷ѣ
ǡи
Ϊ˾ޱ䣬׷ٵ𣿡üͷһ׿Ц
ˣҲֹסüͷʸ̲סģħʱĻָˣĿɾˣ
ɫһ࣬Ҳ
նݲ紵ο˼ֵһǿˡǲϳֱʳѰ
׿ܼңʲôöԲߣԳϻ𣬵һҵĿ϶㣡ʱ޻ֿ׿ѯʳ
ԣҲ뿴
ô˵׿Ҳƾı˻ʲСģ⣬Ϊ
΢΢һЦ׿˿Ϊ⣺İɣܲ˵ģ
Ŷ
Ȼǲܴͨҵ䣬ǿڵĴٽƻټҲܵɡȻҪĹǡ
Ҫˣ
ǰһ޻ʵʱ׹ֻҪǰѸ˿ڶˣһʧ˿ڣͱȻҵ䣡
Цŵ˵ͷ׿ʾͬҾ˼
Ȼص˵Դ˿׿Ҳһ׿ܼҹȻ˫һеİҶʵУȻǳǿ˻ʲɣ˿ɾû֮ˡ
ôǾͷֿжһ߸Ѱһע˿ڰɣ󣬽飬˵˵ͷȫ뿪
ֻ׿˿޵׶ȥȴ¶һЦ
ܿ죬ʥ˻ʵؽ翪ʼһܵŲ飬ΪԳʧٵĹϵټ׿˳ƹħҸӢɵغץȨħȻˡ
һ壬׿һ˺
һµʱȥˣƬƺ൱ƽûʲô·ڣ˶Щйʱħ޻򽻽紦һذϢ
һˣȻȫʧˡ
ⲻʴΪ𾪣æ׸顣ֻ׿ûȥҶһȥһط

ħɽ⣬һεСɽҶïܣաһЩӰŲڳʪɽּ䣬ǰһĹ򣬱һɽڡ
ϵˮգͷҵͷ£¶һ˷ܵЦݡɱָĨһеĽָʮؼȥ
Ҿ֪ᵽģ
Ȼ˸ոսһȱ㶸쳹䡣˲͵һת׿ȥȴһϤӰȻԵõؿһƬʯǽһֻ룬Ʒ裺׿㣿
ǰħʴˣаһЦ׿ÿɷ
ͷ¶ԳǷŭݣֻǰȴǸ㲲ɣ࣬ƹ˲
ôҵҵģطӦúأҲûʲôɣ
ܼ򵥣
΢΢һЦ׿³һطСʱĵطǣÿΰ˴㶼ܵһΪ˭֪ʵһһֱԱ߿㣡
ֹסһԳϲɴ󾪣㡭ô֪ʱ飿
ûлش׿ֻ΢̣Ʒ衣
ؿˣԳϳȴǺݺһ֣ȥ룬ֻ׿ܼңξһ𣿡
ǰ棬˵Ӱ𣿡
ЦЦƽǹƶˣôҲԺˣһ˾͸ҵûǿ߱ǸϡҵɽΣûȥˣ
ҪȥɱңǺǺǡȻһЦ׿ÿɷ
ɫһŭԳҧгݣɱ㣿ߺߣǱϧĲܣɱѡұѱʣɱ֮ˣ
ħƣ
һԳһƻһɳľ޴ɫӰ˲׿ǿֲƣɽڲҡΡƺһ֮£ɽҪȫΪ촷ˡ
ǣ׿ûһֻۣһ֡
ৣ
棬ǺɫӰ˲ʧ
ֹͫסԳϴʧɫȴһĻӡҲǺ¡һ˳ݺ׿ײȥ
Դˣ׿ȴɲᣬ΢һָһ
ۣ
һ죬ವһŷ˼ͷָԳڡҲǲɵʮɫһ죬أһںںѪˮ𾪣Ա
ôܣ㡭㲻Ǿ𣿡
ǣҸһʽ۷壡
ˣ׿ûʲôƷһ裬Ц
Ƥݺݶ˶Գϻţʽ۷塭ⲻܣͬΪôô׽ҵʽƽ⣿ҿǰ˻ʰȻǻʽ׵ٮٮˣ
仰ǱʳʲôģǺǺǡһ˵֪֪ʲôˣ죿
Цһ׿аȵؿʵĻһ㡭ħɷħƣһ¶ҽ̵ģ㼸ʽʲôֵģ
¡
Գ͵һ£鲻Խ˲׿㾪֣㡭㡭㾿ʲôˣ


1262 
أԳϣ׿˫Ĺâ
Ƥͣس鶯ײԳһҡԴ񣺡ܣʦѾˣʱԱ궼ɢˣٳ磡
ǰ궼ɢ׿һܻص
³һ׿¶Ȼ֮ɫʲôʧˣ棬˴Сһõ꣬Եɺ֮£Ϊ˵ڶ׿һӦǼ̳־ˡ˵ף׿һ׿һ׿׿
ƤͣᶶţԳϾôؿһãɻ󣺡ʲô˼㾿׿׿һ
׿Ҳ׿һ׿һڵ׿
Цһ׿Ȼն㲻һֱÿ¼ľһˣת󷨡˵ף֮ˣ壬Ҳֻ꣬ѡ
ֹסݺһ£Գæˣһײʯϣǳ׾ˡ
㡭ʦ
ÿɷ׿ǹǳЦ
ʦҲĵģǱҵģǧҪǨŭҰ
ͨһԳ˲˼ͷǺɷףصĵҪˣȥǧҡκηԸӶԸͣʦˡӣˡӰ
飡
һ˷ԳϵͷԵú׿ôţҲֻһֱŵǳЦޱϲȴһĪëȻĸо
Գһͷ׿ųЦնΪʦʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
ʦĹˣϲԳϵʱ¶ϣ֮ɫ
һЦ׿¶һͰݣôʦͽһ֪Ǳǹƻģͬ飬ΪʦҲˣ֪ܲ㵱Ϊѣ
ʦ׾ͺãлʦлʦٴͷԳһм
ûȥֹôţ׿ôΪʦħ󻯾ÿɻã
ħ󻯾
һͣԳã֮ɫڤôôֱɡ
ħ󻯾Ǿ¼е߹ΪʦħףȻҲħᴫԼͽڤ۵ĹⲻԲ˳𣿡
ŶԭˣʦڴҾ¼лʦ£ûһϲԳٴΰ¡
ڤҲãħҲգֻҪ۾ֵĹ;Ǻö˭Ķһ
ؿ׿ɫƽ㻹ûشңо⹦Σ
ʦȻ˫⼸µͽȻʵХȺˡ벻գҾͻʥˣ
һЦԳЩ㵸ֻɫȴԽüͷм䣬Ǻƣûаԡ
׿һУص˵Դ
ݣ
ʱƿһϤҲô˽Գһ·ˣд㿴ѹ켣
ֹЩЩŨħҲµģһ⸽

ǣ
һڻԳɫ䣺ôܣºСĵģΪλᱻǲ鵽˿ٹ
ն
ȻףһԳһ㶣ת׿ȥ׿һҳĺӰ㣬æʦʦʲôԸ
ո㲻˵ҪΪЧʱˣȥǶɱˣֲǰĹɡ
һۣ׿Ȼ㽫һ£
˷֮ɫԳֹסԴǣʦͽ
˵ţһת˲䱼ɽ⡣ıӰʧ׿ȴʧЦҡҡԴ
ˣɵͽܣ
ʣǼ϶ȻҵȻˣǾͶ°ɣ
ɽһﴦϸϸѰһԳſӰ˲ԹȫŨĺĻľɲǼή
ħԳϣ
ͫһ˻࿴һۣȻһȣһԳϳȥȫԪĵó˱ȫԳϣѶĽվļգ
ҹ˵
ȫʷԳȻ񲣬˫ӣڵӰ籩˾ȥħƣ
գ
컨
Ǻ

ͬģλ˻ʸҲԼľУȫһӳ
ʱ䣬֮䣬ӿײ쳹صıըڶڵĿռڶһѣķܵɽҲһޣ촷ۻɳ޾ա
ۣ
ǿķ֮ÿһֵĽĵۣڸˣһ̲ס³Ѫˮɫ˲ҰϢҲ˺ܶࡣԳҲһĴӿзѪȴ֪㣬˷ܴЦ˫ƴӳȫԸ·ȫû֪֮ƵģԼ˶ںˡ
䣡
ڣǿħƽλ˻Ʒڵأһ㣬սԳȴ৵һ£䵽ǰǰһƬԵü
ǺǺǡֻҪɱˣʦͻԭ£ع¡ħ۹¾ʦͽ˵ˣٺٺ١
ཹཡ
һɹѪݴԳð˳£մǣȴ֪̤ȻɵĲһ򽣻ȥнǳâ
һѾ׷ˣ
˴˶һۣɫأ޻ʸֹסҲˣȻŸƴ治
˲ſ°һӴ֪ʲôƤݺݶ˶ֱۼţһԳϵЩ־塣
СӾôˣû·ȴ쳣ͣȫƴ򷨰
˵ŹӦŶԣô˲Ҫⲻϳ˵ȻǸˣ
Ȼһ߻˵ʵİ
˴˶һֿۣһǱƽħԳϣǼȼɵֱ
ǣԳȴȻŲǰ¶Ѫݣһǻȥϼһȥɣ
֨
Ȼ£Գӿһƣȴ˲ͣ˿УѽĲȥˡ
Ȼ˷˼鷢ˣȫ¿ʼðȻһŤתʱȫȥͬʱ̶ĹХ֮£ҲЩǹĵʹֹסƲ񷡣

һͦԳ˺ˤڵأͣ·ڣʹ಻ѡλ˻ʿһУһ£ȴĪ
ôˣ
ʱԳϵһ仰ȴٴ˾Īоɪɪʦʦô£Ұʦ


1263 
ʦ˵ʲôʦħ׿һ𣿡
üͷһ޻һؿˣСӲȻǧôôԳڻ䣿
΢ؿǺ¿Ӱ˼΢΢˵Դˣ߻ħʧһֱ׿һǰþ֮ģŻг֮˵ɣǵǲص棡
ԣ˾ͬص˵ͷ
ȷʵԳΪӣȴʦ棬ʦȻ֮ħһ֮ƣʦӦҲһĽᡣ
Ƿ߻أ
һˣٿʹ˻ѷҺԳϣмȺޣЦһ㰧У
֪ԳϿеĺǻþںʦֻϧФͽ׿ֱõģأ
ն
ģ׿һﴫԳ϶ڲͣڵԳϣһͣ·ǰ㣬ʦңʦҡ
ڣ˵ħ󻯾ĸ𣿡
Ȼеȴʲô֮׿ǰ⡣һ㶣ԳЩãһƬ
Цһ׿Ŀڣ֪Ϊʦ¼Ŀ˰ɡ̫̰ûнơħ󻯾Ȼٷţȡ˹Ϊãôףÿһ㣬ҪѸΪӣټ꣬Թⷴɡĥ壬ʴǣʳ
ҡҴˣʦҲü֪ˣȾҡ
ֻһ룡
ǣģ׿ȴЦһʵԣħ󻯾ѭ򽥽ҲûʲôáΪ㲻ȫ
ʲô
ǰһ䣬ʡˡ˹ҪԷϹ
³һ׿ĳħ󻯾ȻҪ˹ΪãԼ͵Ǹƿܳͻ繦⣬ɸңյĹԽ࣬Խ࣬Ҳᷴɡ
ôƤһԳƺʲô
һЦ׿ŴûҾˣҵһѪֽšԲ㶼ûлɹͷ룬˱鼱꣬ĿһУҰ汾㣬Ҳûгɹϣɡֻǡϣϣּһݱնѣ
ԭˣλҪģ
̲סЦһԳһڵأƾǺƣ˫ȻȫɷĩȴҲˡȻǹʹȻģУȫ֮ɫ
ʿһ㶣ɻСôˣѾ
ո׿Գ϶ﴫȴʲôҲû
пտҲʱԳûκα飺ʦڵʵҪĻ浶ǹ˻֮Ҳûһ֣αظôӣ
նͽܣΪʦģ㲻һ𣿻Уǲһħ۹ΪʦĿģ㻹ڹΪʦ˽õһжöأ
촽̲ס˶ԳϵžӨ⡣
ǰħ۹ȻˣȴҲˡȥٳ֮ȴ˵ġûˣԼֻܡ
ħ󻯾Ȼħ۷幦ҪħԼҪȥħ󣬺˲ɣԼԸˣ
ʦ֪ˣ
ڣԳһ£ں޵ر۾
ԶԶ׿һУ̾˿ȻˣôˡȻˣͰħĹʵ˰ɣ
ʦ㲻Ҹ𣿡
նһ˽汳ʲôħʣ
ǺǺǡǰ֪ͽĪʦµĹһ˱ЦЦԳһа죬žʹһнָâһһ㶸óУȻˣҾͰʦɸƣ⼸ϼһһµˡԳֻǷʦһˡ⼸϶ֻгûж
ৣ
һŭԳǶһ̧۰򣬽˳ȥȴ䵽ǰ
һ˻࿴⡣
ǲΪ˶𣿸ǧǰһߺߺߡʱһԵԳϷ˵Ц
һǰʱǰᡣ
ǽʣأʱֽȴһͳͽڻһ⻹ˣְ˽ŵȥŤ
٣ʣ˵˴һãɱ˽̣
ʣϽѶȻǿɲ˰

ȵȣ
͵һ֣ʴһ˲ͣصһۣŭ֪٣һţɺͳϷһ˵
ԣ˻࿴ͬص˵ͷһ˫˫ȴǽϼһﲻţһƵġ
Ԫв쿴ϣĿ⣬˵Դûڤǰһ
ǻʲôҿ
һ䣬ʵ˸ȲҪȴǱ͵һ֣һࣺǼʲô˵
ʲôɣѵ϶Ҫ̣
˵˵ʲôȻҪΪСӺȻͿϽˡˣ׿һģ

һͣ뿴ԳϣҲЩΡ
аһЦԳϵİȻںлûˣǲػʲôģȻĻָǿ֮Ҳ쿴ġڵĹʦͬھǲˣʹ˽ǣõ۾ʧ̫ϧ
˵ţԳһժָӸǡ
Ȼǲ쿴֮κ˼Ҳǵͷ޵׻˵֮ҲơԳϣʦҪˣ
ǺǺǡǱᣬֻ֪˵õֻǸʲô³
üͷһؿʲô˼
ڤȻǵ۾ȴǲһֻԩǧԩ깳ϧֻǽ˭أ
һаȵؿǣԳ̲סЦţǺгױΪҽͬǰʱЩһ㡣
һ˶پȴǲ֪Գǰʲô˼
벻ͨҲȥˣ˶ĵ۾ÿһ˵۾Ĺâ̰ԡ
ʣ⹦ÿ˳¼һݣȥɣ
У
ڰ֣Եúࡣ
󾪣˵¶⣺ôϼһ̲ɣ
ǱᣬֻǿԳϵ³ѵһɣƳǶѻҽһۣ
仰Ҳɫһ࣬


1264 Զóĵ
ۿһۣĳԳ֮ԱɣԵɣžͻϮ£߻ħɶʱҲôҲͬľ·
ôʣҪΣ֪µ˶ɱˣǸ׿кһ
ҡҡͷðŵâα겻αûʲô塣ɱ׿ҿܻ֪ųңħûտңȻʥɽ顣ңʥɽ˽˻ʴ㣬ѵʥɽܲ𣿺ȻĿǰǻﲻһ㣡
ô˵Ҫδã
ԳڤؼһʱҪܱšҪ㵽˭ҲĵطҪڶ࣬ȴǡǡһìܣȥ˶ĵطѼһмױ¶Գһ㣡
ôҲԳһ㣬սɣ
תתװϻսһƬսѼϣ˭ע⵽
˴˶һۣ˽ǵͷǡ
ⲻ֪ĸģŶԣħԭұۣ׿⡣
һˣ޻ʱҡҡͷⲻУ˲֪׿ʼٸһ֪ˣҲաҪɵ񽣻˵ǣ̫ʥɽ鷳ʥɽ˻ʽղ£׿Ǹʥɽ̸޼ɵǿûȨ
ҪǺã
ͷذڰ֣꣺ҲУҲɣѲľ𣿡
۾УһЦе۾УɵӲŲֻǿλ᲻ĵλˣ
˻˵
Ǿ仰Ҫ޴˹ǰӣֻԼ֪˭֪Ǳ˴Ҳһ˵ʵǵСžţ˭֪˴Ҳءһ𣬴Ҿͱϵˣõʱݺ˭ò˺ô
Ƥ˻࿴һۣ¶ղЦ⣬΢΢ͷãȫôأ
Ҷǰ˻ʸ֣Ҳ󣬴Ӹռɣ
Ӹռ
üͷһ޻ʾ˿ʧ٣ҵģʥɽҲע
ǻһ˿аЦʵҪλģûӣ˻֮λ
ʲô
ң˿ʧԱĹɿֻţ𼤱䡣λҪٵ˻ʣҲȫܵˡһʧʵǿҲû˻㡣ѵԸ⣬һȺħһ𣿡
ųаâʴЦһϷ˵ǼȻҪ񹦣ͱɳħаһǿݣֻҪܴﵽ۾Ǵ˵ϣӦù˰ɡֻҪ۾ǰˣǰ˻λ𣿽ʱʥɽǶպʥ۵ģΣ
ʸһΰͼ˶һԡ
꣬˵Ҳ˸аâһͷӦˡ
ţ˿ʼ¼Ȼ˴˱ȭ󣬸طԼˣҲû˻׿һ۶Է
Ϊ˵һ䲻а˻ʣۡʱˣ
ಣ
һԳʧĵط׿׿һ뿪ķֿԳϹǻ֮أػһЦ⡣
նϼһҲϹˣǻܿȥġǧǰĶԹҲҪˣǺǺǡ
һЦ׿̤һʧ
һºؽħɽĹϣ׿ǰһݣЦ׿ܼңϣʵؽǳˡ˿һҹһҹʧ֪ô£˶ڿֻ֮УڵϼЩţȫЩȵҶҲ˻ʼӰʱǸͷӬһҳһˣٺٺ٣
ȡԳϵĽѵΪ˰õİ취ֻǾ·ͷУǿ°˻ʵؽˣ
΢΢һЦ׿Ըϣȥְɣ׼ʲôֱȥӹܾˡڸĵͷߣӦоɣ
һЦظ֤׿ܼҷģƺðɣһ¡ǲһһ䣬͸°˻ȫһԷʥɽĴ󷽾ˣ͵ټһ룬۾ͿԸʥɽͥˣٺٺ٣
Цŵͷ׿һ֣ȥ졣
̣һƿ𣬳׺Ӱȴ˲˶ǰ
ףͷôˣɫͷЦ
۶׺ֻ׿ǰ˰ݣɫ£׿ܼңʥɽˣָҪ㣬ұأ

üͷһƣ׿ʵʲôʵ
ʽ۷壡
Ŷ˳ӹܰ˻λӵˣȻصͷ׿૷ţʥɽһףлģˮĻˣӥҲˣλؿճħϢһûųȥƽΪ˰ȫҲἱŷųôʣµһˣȡа˻һλˣ
ߣòǼϼһ·ˣճôһƬ̡ȺʥɽСֳɵģʵдȥԴš
׿ĻɫһŭؾҪȴǱ׿һ֣סˣϢŭʲô£û°ײ˶ѣʲô˵ģȥ͸ܿˣûϵҪİɱˣǰʥɽŻأ
𣿡
΢΢㶣һ׿ܼңЩ߸ϵʥɽǣĺܣɽȻƨҵ֮Ļеġǿصĵ̣ạ́ǲЩѰ
ѣûʲô£ȴСǸ׵ˣ
ɵôЦһ׿ĵ˳ᢣ㲻˵ƨֻ׳־Ǿǵ׳־㹦ͺáʵʿȨľӪֵ
üͷһ˻࿴ȫشЦ
ţ׿ų׺صңȥʥɽĸ߹үǡ
һõţλãǺȻˣɫƵƷŲˮʱƲƲ죬ƺЩһ׵һλŽţƤ췭ˡ
ȻǹӰ˼ͣԼȴλˣ治Լˣ
һ̣׿ǿһЦᲽ룬ȭЦѽλʥɽĹͣõȾõȣʧˣ
֪ʧͺãȰˣҲ̫˰ɣλЦһмƲƲ졣
ȻһЦ׿ͷϴȷʧΪγʱûж೤ȣܵÿһ㣬λӾõˣʵ
磬˵೤ȣһ˳ҳô󣬻ûôЦЦأ
ʱλǸ̲סЦҲǸŷЦ׿ҲǸЦ
ǰصķΧʱ˲١
ֻںԺһֱǰ涯ѵŮ̲סһЦ˳ʥɽݰΰ˻ʰ׿ոǼûģԼѾ޶ظˣǻ浱Цˣûм֮⡣
ʥɽЩݰ˻ʣʥ򣬿ɼδ²ϡˣôʥ߲㣬ƿʥ˵أĽѩȴֹס̾ҡͷԲȺ֮˰ڲеʹϧ


1265 
ǵЦݳٳٲˣ׿˹ݰݣˣ֪λӸγƺأ
ʥɽ촨߰ذ˰ԴΪ׵һбŵţڶҲЦƲƲ죺ʥɽ磡
ʥɽǧǸ׵һλӣһǿ׶쳯졣
קøƵģ׿ȻͷЦֻǲ֪λӽǰ׿ĳν°
£
˴˶һۣ촨Цһ˵òħԳϵ֣԰˻Ҳ൱ʶص̽飡
λӵ޷׿ĳ֮
ʵҲûʲô˵ģǡ
촨üɽĿģҲǸҪ˻ʾһۣһ»ľΡãĶĶҲˣȥĸطûˡѰ˼ħ̸̸յ˵ǰħɽƽϢãħСҲˣɴˡ
˵Щ˻ʲúôԼܣ춫Ķȥˣһȫʧ٣ӰûУֵܼôطȸܶˣʵд
˵ţٴŭƺ൱ޡ
׿˼ΣȴȻһЦЩΪѵҡҡͷλӣ¡治Ҹòֵ飬ǻǵǼλүԼʱɣһҪ£ʹ˸ˣǸ
ȵȣ
ۿ׿ת׾Ҫ뿪촨ȴǴһסɢɻ󣺡ףӣ¶ʲôҴʵ
λӣ˻үǵ£治ýӡ
٣˵˵ǣѵͲ𣿡
˫ͫһɣ˵ʱȳǿƶ׿ѹȥŭǰ˻ʣҲҪΪ˻ʣǻʥɽġǣ˭ҲСߣ
װӿѹˣ׿첱ӴֵλϢŭ˵𣿡
ৣ
һ˦ӣб׿ǹЦݡ
ʵ˵λǧ
Сؿһۣ׿̾һĵλӣڼǰЩ˻ˣҶλĵ˾ִħɽ
ִʲô
ִ͵ƳƳǣ׿һ죬ţִζԸλ
ʲô

һȣ촨˵ʱһӣŭĿվǺôĵӣȻҪԸǣǲҪ𣿡
λϢŭԼ֪ԼķҹλΪУԣҲֻܰˣ
Ҫô˵
˭֪λ˻λġǸɵĳɹĻʣʥɽȡ˻˵λԡ
תת׿ߣĵԽ飬βǳɹ

һ죬촨ٴκݺһӣЦߣôĿҪֹƿػ𣿡
˵ֹֻҪʲôԼͻңֻҪϷͺˣ
ʲô

һ죬촨һȭϣȵ
ιʥĹӸֻô
Ƥ΢һ۴ϵİƣ׿Цһ˵λӶʥģȱײ㾭飬һѻ߰㣬ɹǾһԿšȵǰ̯֮ʰˣʥɽȻлأǳɽʰҾ֡һ˻ʥĵλ㲻ɶҡʥɽҲκβǡϾʥɽȡǵã
ߣȺϼһҲ̫߿Լ˰ɣ
ԣ촨˻࿴˿ֹסЦ󣺡ʥɽӸſͳ˻Щײ飿
ֹסԴ׿Ҳһ֮ͬɫǰħʴҲģһֱȰ˵˲Ҫʥɽԡ˲ɣҪħʴһˣλʰҾ֣֪Ѷˡħʴ˲ɣǺ
ôˣ
Ǿֽħʴɱˣ
̲סͷ׿Ȧ죺˵ħǽ˰λ󲻵ȲʥɽǳΪʥɽ֮У֮ءǱֽħʴ˻ɱˡħɽĺƽ٣ǵ˴սɵġһħʴǶ֣

ٴκݺһӣŭʵдԼЧǣñЧҡҰ֮СǰɣߺߣǾͰǿճĵȫգúθǿ
˵ţ˻࿴һ˦ӣ緢ȥж޾ţ
λӣǲȡã˶Ļʺӥ⣬ħλҲˣλħ򰡣
ԼȴŰɣȥʵĵ̽չúһ
ͷҲᣬ촨˻֣ЦҪЩڰпЦϼһúÿûǣط׵ûǣһǻٵ˻ʣߣΰɣ
ŰĴЦ˵Ӱܿʧ׿ԶԶǣһ֣мƲƲ졣
׳գң
ৣ
ʱһӰȴ׿ǰ˿ſڣ¶ݣ׿ܼңȥӹˣҪҪӹܣ
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Ƴһۣ׿ʧЦһǰѻüɹʱؽӹҲ٣ǺǺǡ
ÿһۣҲ¶аЦݡ
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ģһæǰȫ̲סЦ⣺ˣˣˣ
üͷһ׿ʲôˣ
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ݺĴȣһ˷ܣλ˻ٶǰǹ˴˿ЩطĻ̻أʥɽСΣ˵ҪͳˡһʼǻӵӭСҲͦ˷ܣҪһݲ˿ʧٵİӡ˰죬û˲˿ߣ
һ£ŭЩ̫үǻΪЩϼһµˣΪءǱ̾涨鲻䣬ͷء֪ɰǧӵܶò³˶׽λүˡҲ˿áܶɱ磬ڱشµļҵҲҪԶǷǡħڵ˿ڣڴӣǴطģǺǺǣ
˵ͷ׿ȻأҾ֪ʥɽЩӸ¼򵥴ֱ£л˶˲ɡֻעعעģЩطƾɹҲԶˣ
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΢Цŵͷ׿ڱϣһң뵽ģҲֻˣǺǺǡ


1266 һͳ
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һŵ鷿ڣһͷ󺹣Ų
촨ȴһֱڶţ˰Σȴһˤϣǣͷšһ񣺡˵λظ
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ǧƤһ޳ˣ£ʥɽǾѯôе˶ҪܣסܶʯҩĿɵļ壬ҲȫȫˡԭҪʥɽԴ˵½ȫͣˡôȥôʥɽʦʦǽ
ǻʲô취
Ѿˣõİ취ˣգøɵĶˣʲôáǸֶȫˡô˵ҲʥɽˣƾʲôǶȥ
Ƥֹסһ飬촨һƬƮεԴıǰ˻ʵıǾ뿴ЦⰵʹġĻôŬӪ⼸ΪʲôȴԽŪԽˣһʼΪЩʧٵ˿ڣôҲҪǶȥ϶ȴͨˣ
ûЩȻ˹Ǻ⣬ʵڸ
һâ޺޵ҴСûôŬȫȫΪǣȻ飿ߣ磬Ӧü̷Ժ˭԰ĲɼԴʥɽģʮ壬ھӶŹһ˸ܣȫɱȡҾͲţ˭ܣ˭ָñܣߺߣ

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촽΢΢ལ粻Ըصͷ
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һºħɽڣֺ߽׿ЦعǰݵλӴݹ٣ʵ׿ĳ԰
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λ߶Ӧף˿ڴս˲ųֵļʡ˻ʳ˸ʵ⣬˭ǿϿǵ򣬵ʵϵ˿ڡ
˭ĵ̶࣬˭ǿڰ˻лȨ
˻ս̣Դ⣬жĵ̣ܹˡ
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İɣ׿ܼңķԸӿħˣǶչˣ֮ġֻҪڷŻȥǺܿջʵȨٺٺ١
Ȼصͷ׿һ֣ȥɣ
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ЩܹҶݵĸߣҵİʾ£ȫصԼĵ֮磬ȣʱЩܿѵһӡ
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Ȼˣ˺һҪ׿ȻҲǲġ
㣬ڸеҲ˲ߴܰ
һҵøشʧ˿ڵԪףҵǸ˰мӡ
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ĻƿصصͷߵҪķѹ
ںˣ˶ݰˣͷ߶ҽӹЩط裬ﻹǣҲԸأ
˼ҿǰ۾ȳຣľ


1267 Ѱ
ʲôǼԪ򣿡
һ侫µ鷿ڣ׿ƽ˿˿Цվǰ鰸촨Ŀشг
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һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ҵǼˣʥʵҶ۵˵Ǹʲô£Ƕʸ־ŵġ˵ƷĺҪȻһ죬ԩ㣬㶼ԩǺǺǡ
׿Цĺƽܲã˽ȴȻסˡ
ã촨ֹס̾ڣʵ̫ˡ׿ܼҰ˿ʧٵûôϻ㱨
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Щͣ촨ⲻʦ𣿡
ߺȣǸԱ
칫ӣɲТ
Ϻһֿǣ׿ѭѭգ룬ʥɽǰƽʱΪǲģǽⷳ»㱨ȥż𣿷һжȥˣǺõģǺõģαأҪǻǵⲻǸ⣿
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Ȼ׿ȴǰڰֵʥɽλǰǣͽУһرעν˷ʥͣ޹ǽ˻һûУ̫ˡⲻֻǵģԼԿ࣬οǣⲻʵ䷴𣿡
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ǰȷ˳ȥʵ顣ڿ˻ĿܣҲʽʥɽؽˡһ֮˳֣Ǳ֪Ȼ
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ʥɽϹ֮󣬳ʥ֮Уһֱ۷԰ǰʱ䣬ȴԤһµ۷Ҫ֣۾йء
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δĵ۾֣ʥɽԼ˲С
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͵һ֣ŮӵһԣɽҪ뿪ȴֻʵô޻뿪ǰʲô鷢𣿻ʲôֹ𣿡
ûʲôֻǡ
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һɽɻ󣺡ôҲһʧ𣿡
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ʲôˣͣѰ˻Ϣ°߲˵üǳص˶һ°ߣ
üͷݺݲţɽһ⣺ʥߣҲûͰɡǡ˶ģԸߡֻǡ˾˭
һʱ䣬ɽ֮УŮӼˣ϶æлһ󸹷̰񾭲


1268 
ûǸ͵͵ӵŮӣɽһֱɲǰߴ̽
ģһ쳹ߣ˵ʱͬһӿȥҿҷŰˣ

ˮһ㣬Ǳ档ɽˣȴɻ
ҡʲô˻֮
вɽ˼Ƭ̣Ҳǰȥȴǰ¥£һŽӲӵİġдĸ֣׿
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֮Ұʱңǣó˽԰ͳ߱ǣǸְ
ǰǰ˻ʸսϣֻĬĬܡͳܰ׿ܼӢ䣬Ǽ簡ǺǺǡ
ʲôͳܰ򣿡
ֹͫסһɽһץֱۣɴгں˵˵Щʲô˿ؽ粻ʥ˻ʵĵ̶ôҵģ
ɫһ鴤۵ֱ֣Щɵؿɽⶼǳϻˣһǰ˻ʾʧĻʲôʥ˻ʰ
ʥɽ½˻ʵ»أҲ𣿡
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͵𳹲񷣬ɽɳʯ䡣ϧûʲô·ûһ㡣
˿ɽɫȴաˣõȥѰźã

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͵̽ǰץļͷȴǶʱץһͷ棬ΡΡС
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׿񷣬ɽһЦãϷȥǣڸʲô۶ӣߣ
䣬ɽһ̤ţ˲ʧԭء
ºǱɽƶǰɽΧǱѪȾһ֪ˡǽ̤ܿɽ档
ǲãһȥǰһУȴֹסʧɫ
Ǹܶռ㣬ڣȻɭɭĿݹģ޾촷ۻҳѵĲƬҲǺزСһȥس档
ЩҳץһѣЩƬɽһƣֹסͳ顣
Ϊ̫Ϥˣĳ𣿵ʱЩ޻øģ벻ٿȴ޻ʵС
ϷɱҶӵǲǾ㣿׽ӣϷһʬΣ
ͨ죬ɽ˻ѷεŭɽҲڲͣҡΣЩ촷۸ǻ磬ĵõǡ
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ģһ𣬰ŵ˸ϣһѵĸˣ䣬سҽӿ֮С
ͷɢڣڲðţ۵һ˿ˣȴǷ
磬ҵūˡʱūҽӵʥɽ㳤أ


1269 սɲ
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ƤһɽʱϤװ鲻Խܿعɫһݣŭ޻ʣ㷢ʲô裿⸱Ӹʲô
̧һۣ޻ϣȴˮôǰϲ޶ΪΡ
ǰǰǰ㻹ǸŮڲһϸģһͽЦ
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Ƥᶶ˶ϺƶмƳƳ죺Ҹ㣿費Ҫˡ˵ӽңǱбĿģ˵ˣǾǽ׶ѡҲһʱգҲʥɽĵؽ׹㣬һϰ˻λĻûҰаһɷгһ˵ˣ
ҪĲֻһУ˵ʥɽ
㵱ȻʥһŮʥɽѪͳġʸɽ
㵱껹ŵң
ͷĻҲ棿޶ʶ֮ǰҲ˰ɣ
ЦһϺƶȫΪ⣬˰ͷǵʥɽɽ̳ߣΪ˸Ů˻Լǰ;ʵɣòδʣҲ̤ʥɽţߣ
㣿
ҧ޻ָȫȫŨ
ϺƶƳһۣнӶ񣬳㿴ڳʲôӣ˲ˣģ˶ġ
Уô£
ţϺƶڽ⣬еĻҽһ£ŭĿԲҲʲôаøҽһ¡ΪЩҶʱһģһҶӵǲҲйأ
ţ¶ЦűǷЦأ磿
йأ˫ȭݺ߬Ϻƶ˫Ŀͨ죺ǿӶӣǣİ
һЦ޻ʸ죺ӣǺǺǡȫԼȡˡһӵģ˭㵱ôģƫƫҪ
ԼĶӣ޻ʸ
ѪлûУ˫ͫһɣϺƶ˼ʱ
ϵһͣ޻ʷЦЦһѪʥߴ˺òϡȻˣҵĹⶼϧִֻĶӣﻹʲôֵģ
ɱҶӣ
Ƥ̲סݺݶ˶Ϻƶһʱһ̤ǰȥȥ
üһ޻аһЦһ䣬Ϊһɺ̣ƮȥϺƶ򣡡
ܣ
ৣ
Ӱһǰһ嵽⣬޻ֳΣ׿һۣʱЦһһתӿȫȻ󱳺ɫĺɲ㶸ȻϺƶǰֱʣɸߡ
ʥ߾
˫ͫ΢΢˲Ϻƶ˼Ȼͻʥˣⲻܣǧ㶼ûͻƣֻǶ̶һ꣬ôĳɾͣңҸĹûͻʥߵ;
Ϻƶ֪㲻ʥɽôܸùֻϧ㲻㡣ͻʥߵĹҪɲֻʥɽأڻҵõ
ߣʲôոͻʥ߳ڵĳǣӿʥ۷壡
һЦϺƶмƲƲ죬Ȼͬշһתâէ֣ܱأȻһʮ񽣵ŭĿգݣֻͣǸոճ֣Ȼضҡ
ʱ䣬Ӱңңնɲһ
ضǸˣ޻ʵ˫Щ㱣ƺֻ£Ǻܿһٴ¶ӷЦ⡣
һɲǰֱ壬ֻɫطɳѪȴڣݺǽҧȥƵģаȹ졣

ȻǾ޿£һâɺ˲䱻ɢޡ
ǽһִһ׽ͣݣȴȻһƵСڽ֮еϺƶһУǻмĻȡ
Ȼ󣬳ʤ׷Ϻƶָӽٴǰ壬һֻҲǰڶֻ׽ץ׽·ɲǰ˲Ϣ֮䣬㻮ʮ
ֻ洩ٴͣͺ󣬵¡ըѣɲ˲鿪޻һ򣬵ڵأ̲ס³һѪɫ԰һƬȴȫˣڸҲشΣ
̤̤̤
ͬʥջأϺƶ̤ŽŲǰ޾ĳޡ
ţһǰһץס޻ʲ߸߾ŭǣɱҶӣҪҶᣡ
һЦ޻ޱϲû˿⣬ֻЦţħڶӹˣڵŽһĻᡣ
ô㲻
ӣϺƶüͷһȴ¶аЦݣȻ㲻Ҿƫһ֪ʲô
û˵޻ʵϾǳ
Щ֣Ϻƶɻ󣺡ǷˣΪҲ̣
̣ʯĳ֮ˣʲô̵ģǺǺǡ
ɵЦһ޻ؿЦ㣬Ҫģ
˵ʲô
˵һҪ֮ˣôأٴЦЦ޾죬ȴִűࡣ
Ϻƶ֣׿ȥȴӿĺȻ޻˫ȣѾȫɣΪ촷ۡƣңӡ
⡭⾿ô£
磡
ûлش⣬޻ֻؿһۣѸе³Źעһһսġôıߣǰйһ£ҲǼõġֻûˡ㡭Զ֪ɱӵ˭
ʲô
һϺƶĲӴ˵ҶӲµ֣˭ң
û˵޻ֻ۾Բ޾Ӱɡ
ֻʧǰһɲǣȴֹס¶˿Ц̾
׿ܼң˶ˡ뵽ħʹ֮йأǵʧٹҲɵġ
ֻϧݵ۾֮Уʲô˲ˡ
ΨӮңƹ˻Ƕݹ֮У԰Ρ
ļƣǿĲְ
ֻ֮Ҳƣ⺦˹ǲٴȥˣ񵱳贫һҪʧˡ
Ͼ˵ҲֻѣǺǺǡ
޻ʣĸ˵Ҷӵ˭йأ˵Ϻƶ
޻һۣȴױ۾
Ҳ㣬ҲΪһŮ˵ĶӱҲһ˽˰ɣǸ
޻ʣˣ
ģʱһϤﴫ޻ʶڡ


1270 ʥɽŭ
üͷᶶ޻֮ʣȵǡ׿
Խҡѣħ׿һ
ʲô
ķ£˻֪ڰ˻УӦûм֪ģоһ
ԶУ׿ľĿҶģ˽ᵱĶԹҸᣬ˽ᵱԵϧˣ
ԭˣ
Ȼص˵ͷ޻ʧЦһˣѹˡĻһͳʵ顣Ͼģ˻֮װ

һӿ޻Ҳ˲ûֻһѻҽɢڵءϺƶץһƬ촷ۣǿ鲼Լʱһ޶ȴȻȦˣãؿ񷣬ŭ⾿ô£ɱҶӵľ˭޻ǲ֣
𰸣Ժ֪ģڲҪ̫źãɽ
˫׿һƾ⣬¶аЦݡվϳȻ뿪ĵߣһƬƲʡ
һº׿صұϴŵȻЦݣԻصԼ鷿ֽ̧Աһƣʱ¶һŰ˿ľƬļÿһƬľƬһλ˻λȻ顣
Ὣд޻ľƬ£Ħ׿һЦ૳޻ʣˣȥɣ
䣬׿һ˦֣ľƬӵԺ
һľƬڿȼ£һȴ䵽һ֮Уȼ
׿ôŻ裬Ͻ⣬˿
׿
ģһ췢һٻӰʱֱ룬Ц⣬ȴǳɡֻŸλľʱȴǶʱһ㶣㡭ڸʲô
΢΢һЦ׿Ϊʼ磺ûʲô
Щ𣿡
ɵؿ˿ֿЩľϵһһɨЩճλʱвһ£ٿǻȼյľƬȻȻ˴룬޻ʵһǣܹ˿ģΪʲôҪʦƣ
ţǣݱȫҵ֣㻹ôע𣿡
ɫһһɣҡҡԴҲ֪ȻҼˣҲʦҰꡭ
Ҫȥξ񣿡£׿ɫһ֣࣬ص
һǸΪѣһֱҡԴжỨҲ֪Ҹ޷׿治֪ôźá
˺ˣ㲻֪Ҳã
Ὣӵڻ׿ͷ̾Ҳ֪ˣҲƭ㣬ʦѾˣ
ʲô
һ˽Ļ֮ұҪ֮Ҷ꣬ʦͽ֮顣ˣΪӣӦТ
ؿһۣ׿ĵѾˣйȥһ£Ҳ㾡ʦͽ֮꣬ûźˡȻֻҵʲôѴԼȥң
ڰ֣Ǹæ˵ĺܶԣһȻˡȻû֣ȥһҲʦͽ֮飬Ͱ˵İɣ
Ǻãȥˣ׼ɣ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦת뿪ֻǰֻͷ׿һۣЩľƬеĺɸ
ıӰȫʧ׿ջĿ⣬¶ȻЦݣһһɨЩľƬϵ֣Цһʥ˻ʣȥĻʣλ˵ħ߹ӦҲ˰ɣǺǺǡ
׿ܼң
ʱһ·СܴһЦոҪʦô˵׿ܼҵļƲ߳ɹˣ
˵ͷ׿Цǰȥ޻ʱѾͻʥˣ̶һѣÿ찡ǺǺǡ
ǧûͻƵģһͻˣ
ǰһһЦ׿ܼң⹦̬ܺúƺܿͻʥ۾˰ɡʱ㵣ĵ¾Ͳᷢ˰ɣٺٺ١
ڰ֣׿ȴǰδеࣺͨ˻ħ󻯾ҸȷŹּһ֣ϡ֮ħ˼ħħ֮ϣﵽħ߾磬ħأԸħ󻯾ٶȣȷһջܹջ󣬷ɹˣͻᱻɣԳϺ޻ʾõӡ
˵򵥣ȴѡ۾ֵǻۣǷ˿̽ϣЩǰ۾ԵҲһμ㣬ޱߣĪļ꣡
ǺǺǡ׿ܼҹˣ⻰Ե˵ɣҹûʣЦԴʧЦ
һ棬޻ԼǰȥϺƶеɻȴԽԽʢ޻ӵ޹أ»˭ǣأ
ȻԲµûʲôҲ˲ˡϾڣһϼһ
ʥɽԻĲ֣ȫߵһ·ϣ൱ڸˣЩ֮ܵˣ
ⲻǰʥɽ˵ɵˣô
ɽ
ʥɽһ̻Ի͵ĴǰϺƶһ֣һȺʥ߱ݵ
ͷػӻ֣Ϻƶɨһۣɽ𣿡
λɽҪ£ҵͨ
ͨƨָԵҪ˼ժˣʲô޺һ˦֣Ϻƶŭس棬˭ס
Ϊ׵ǳ߿ȴȻһЦֵƶˣոǻ֣ȥǼСӸɵĲ̫ƽʢƽȺ׵еġôǴɽ˻λӣȴǲ֪Ҫ˭ˡƶǵʥɽʲôſûУδһȥ
ʲôһ˼ܿˣ󣬻벻֪أߣ
ݺ˦˦ӣϺƶʱһųϣҧгݣλϸ磬ǾǰСǶͣɱʥҲȥ˵أȻȫˡֻ֪ңȴ֪ʥɽɵİ˻˭ܻʵ۶簡˼ҿܻʵۣô˻֪˼ҹأСӣ
ʲô
ɴһ˵ʱȦˣƶ㡭˵ʲô˵һ㣬ô°Ķģôû
οһۣϺƶƤһ飬̾
ϼһһֱʥɽ֪ı仯һϢͨΪֻÿԴˣȴ벻֪СӸһȥ»ʥɽף򵥴ֱûʥɽˡ
ҳûȨҲȫ޲֪ĸһ
˿ٺһڲ裬ϺƶεУȫг
һ£ͷȫˣǺֱܿŭʥɽӶƭʵдˡ
Ҳ룬ʥɽӣڻָЩȱ£˶ˡǻŭˣС


1271 
׿ܼңˣ
ʲôˣ
һ磬켱ææƿ׿鷿飬ֱ˽ȥԲ쿴Ϣ׿̧ͷһۣüͷ΢΢
˷ܵĻȣ칪һȭ׿ܼϣٴλеطʧ˿ڣ嶼ԭʡʵϽΧЩ϶þֳʳˣٺٺ٣
ħ󻯾ԹһҪѭ򽥽ħԡĻȻħʧȥԣ񲷢Գˣ޻ҲˣǺǺǡħ޵Ϊħ߹˺𣿡
۾΢΢׿ЦҲֹסԴЦ׿ܼԲһ׼ʱúϸ壬ڲߣ׼ȫ¶˿ۼεãɱɼԴȻˣϾ˼ˣ
ôЩطôˣ
ֻšӣͿֻ̿ܲܶطأ
Ǻã¶ʱֵˣ
оâһ׿ЦϣѵЩֶǷͷжλ˻ʳ˽ɡˣڻ죡
˵صͷһ뿪ˡ̫ˣڿԶˡ
ܿ죬༸ǿϼһȫϸһȺطֱǰĿĵأȥʰλ˻ʸ֡
ҲѾʥˡҲͨĻʽ۷壬׿Ǵ£ǳĵġ
ͬһʱ䣬һ̨ͤ¥ǰ촨λʥɽǣʮһųϣӭ⣬ůĴ磬ǼǱ̲£ȴ˵ⰻȻ
ؿԶһۣ촨аЦһ˻ʵҲͦ׵ôûôѣǺǺǡ
ǰʲô½˰ͺˣαΪǰǸʱ̫ûˣֺã
˸ԳһЦ磬˵ɱʥɽ˰Ҳû˿ɽ߻ʵԶǺǺǡ
ֹסԴǧҲͬңÿʥɽ㱨ǶòģֻҪǵͺˡǱɽЩʦֵ֪Ƶüǣ
һ䣬˱˴˶һۣЦ
ţ촨һ˵׿Ļֵͦİǰǽʾ֭˵£ͰƽˡѹֵħʽħȨˣʡİôһܼҰ鰲ŵ׵Ǵɵ˦ƹˣ
ɲôѵõǣôΪȻܵô֣ǻԸڲҲǸš
һͦҲЦֻҪѻ򽻸Ǿңӣʥɽˣ˵أ
ٴλ࿴˿ղһδЦ
Ȼʱһƿ죬ŭҲ쳹ƿգСӣʥɽ𣿺ߣһ
ݣ
һһϤ׳ǰн޾ŭ
˼ʱһŵõ£æݷˣݼʥɽɽݽ١֪ɽкʾ£
Ϸк£ҲǾʲô£

һͣһԴԺ࿴˿ã֮ɫ촨һɬٰݵɽ֮ԣǲˡȻǳԴʥа˻ְ𣬲˿ʥɽӣ̩֮ƽǲͣ˵ʲôȴʵڲ֪
Ŷһͨûʵ˵ǣ
üͷһϺƶʱЦô˵ǰѻôãϷüνඣ
Ҳҡҡͷ˲Ц
Ƥݺݶ˶Ϻƶϸŭ٣ǻҪνҲĻšʣһƽ֮ǵĹ𣬸ƨĹϵ
һ˻ཻ˸һСɽ֪ˣʲô˵ģõŷôƢ
ɽеһ䲻ԲٵҲģʲôֱ𣿡
Цһ촨һ⣺򣬹¼ҹ˵ģмذҲ޿ɺǰɡǰʦҲҪضʶ֮ǲɵͦõŴ
һЦϺƶ޹һһɨߺߣһ֮ǻѡ˸ðְڻѾһˣȻ˶֪ĴڡһҰگ£һʥɽʥֶûаֻ֪Ҷ֪ʥɽǣҧгݣ䣬ûб˵ˣΪʥɽĴ󹦣ߺߣ
ʲô⡭ⲻܰ
һ˶ʱɵˣһеĲ棬׿ܼҶԳǹĿģ᲻֪ͳ˻أ
ҡҡԴϺƶŭ˼ֻǹһۣ߸ˣгȥÿΰ϶˭Ŀң׿ĸ⣬ʲôҲûˡǱ˼ҼܿȨƻ֪ܻʵ۶簡˼һʵۻиأʲôûУɽôƹܻ𣿡
ʲô⡭
أ˶ʱȫ±ˣű޾ŭӿͷ촨ǺݺһĳΣʱĳɷ飬ŭ׿ôĹȻŪǣǲƤǣйͷ֮ޣ
˵ţ͵վ𣬾Ҫ뿪
ϺƶˣɫǿܴҸһȥϷɽǸġǼСʵ̫ʧˣ˼ҵʹһ꣬Ϊ»֪ʥɽ档ѲǵİϷȫ̼ලٳӣǴʲôߣ
˦˦ӣϺƶһ̤˲𣬲Ӱ
촨һֱԴҧгݣ
׿Ϸˣǣ۵裬ǾŹġңɶҪˡ
ǰɣ
һ죬촨˵˫ȭȻ߬𣬷Ǳ
ͬʱһУ˻Ұ׵촷ۣп鲼ڼ䡣ģƿһһСӰǶóطȴ׿ͽͯˡ
ĨһЩҽͯת׿׿ǰǳһҲֻǳرϾǴǣźҲͰˣĽҰҲô࣬Ǿ֤
ĴӪˣеһУģ
оâһ׿аЦһ𣺡ʣضˣ֪⸽İ˻֮ףԼԼɱɱ޹ôû𣿡
סڣ
ͻȻһŭɽֿʼ޾ҡһڣͷ׷ӭƮߣأ÷ӵգ˶ǰȫŨŨĺǰԵа񡭡


1272 
䵽˶ǰ԰׵ķ˿һԣ¶Ǹɱϡܱ彣ʵòʴĹ֣ȴǸһֲֿĸо
·ʱ˿̣λѲǵǸ߸ϵİ˻֮ףһԨħ˵
׿ʷ·Ȼʶ㣬ݺһָıӣ˵Ϸ˻֮ף䣬ôɱԼͬţ˶֮£ֻħǲóϷǫǫӣôȻ֮£
԰ϵһѹǻңô֪ɱˣʬûУӦñ治˰ɣ
㿴ӣһȣ
ָָ̧׿ͯʵλ˻ʴ˶ʱΪ׼㹻ĲϣҲûֻΪɽ׼ѡ̰޾ġħ󻯾ȣͻὫħԷŴϼһǣ֮£ͻ˵Ʋסе̰
ܿסĻҲ⸱ģӲðΣճ֣ȥԳеˡԣҰٷְٰգЩˣҲˡֻͷһԼߣɳ£Ҳܵ˲С̼޻ˣȻ˶ʶˣֻһֻʬѣǺǣ
Ȼص˵ͷͯˣҾ˵ôͷԱˣ׿ܼҶʶˣ
׿ܼң˭˭׿ܼң
ʱҲҡԴĴҰڣ뾪졣
һЦ׿ǰһ¶֮ɫ׿էýƴûп۹ҲӦġһ֣ʴӦûİɡ
˵׿ͣһ£Ҳǽ䡣
ʣ㻹ǵħ׿һ𣿡
׿׿һ
Ƥֹס˶ʺݺݻ˻䣬ħ׿һǰ˻֮ףҲİ˻֮סѾˣľ¼ҲϷģҲвϷλԳǸСӣϷܷϰ˻ʣҲ̽קûиϷʸ׳հΪǣϷȥƽѣиƨı£Ϸ򵱳̧Ϊ˶Ըʦ׿һѣ
˿׿ϲֻ޾ʣôõ¼𣿡
Ȼħ۹ºУһҪõ׿һңҾ
ǹϲ㣬Ѿõˣ
Ŷ𣿡
ǰһʿʼԼǰ䣬ɵЦţҵľ¼
ڲѾ𣿡
ŶѾˣˣ̲סЦʸ񲣺ɾ¼ħۣף޵¡ʥɽʲôҪҽ£
ǰ޵Уֻ֣һ֮ϣԶ򲻹
˭˫ͫһʵ׿׹⡣
ȻһЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡ң
㣿˭
ħʣ׿һ˫һ׿
ʲô
ֹס˶ʺõ˼ؿܣħ׿һˣٻ
ˣħ׿һûվǰֻҪ׿һڣ㽣ʰԶ϶Ȳ
ܣѾɾ¼ħۣħҲҵĶ֣
ˣħҲ˾¼֮ϡ㡭϶ߣ

̲סŭһ˫Ŀͨ죬죬оǲ֮ɫſ׿ǲɱ⣬৵һ£ȥзźâһݺ׿Ŵȥ׿һֻˣҲİ˻֮ףµһ

Ȼױȵһδһ𡣽ţʱһɴ˻岽ſֹסΡ̧ͷǰȥȴֻ׿ǰǵһ˾꣬ǻһ˿аЦ
Ҫҵ֣ȹأ
ʲôˣ
ǽʣŽǾ׿ĳⲻýʶʱһ㶣㱵ҡҡԴʣܣǽʣ˭
㰮˭˭ԲٽнʣΪѲƺţ
һЦ׿ʽʣлߡҲʵǰ˻ߣӦڽ۷λ˭󼰵Ĵڡڣ죬ĽѾ˳ԽˣλҶӵˣ޹أ϶ˣǺǺǡ
üͷݺݶ˶ʽŶ˲ţڵݣ𳱺죺ǽʣ˻нǿˣ˭ܰҽʶԳƺţ

һʶһ̤棬ֱϾ졣âڷɳֻգ۹򣬱˲γһִ˫ĽɫӰֻвǣ棬ȴ԰߲ˣʱΡֺ֮ƣ
ʥ߾
üͷһͯ׿һۣ⽣ʹȻͻʥˣ
ҲҴ򣿡
ЦҾŵġǰҳƽʣǲҴ𣿡ٺһЦͯȫս⣬һ̤ţʱ򽣻ʾȥ
ʿСŭͷ򵨱ȼ׿һŭϷλ
ৣ
һ⣬£ֲƣضڶ
һ죬⽵а
ߣ㻹аѾմȾаħʲôʸ˵аһЦͯÿɷ˫ָ£һâţǰһӣȵ콣𣡡

û˿͵ģǽ˲ѡ
һ֮ɫŶ˵һֻϻӳɨ˻ʣħ񣡡
ȴ֮ԡ
һЦͯмƲƲ죺ĽҲҲƻʣֱǸ֮˶
͵һ֣ͯһâը죬ȴ콣ʹʱ䣬ڶѽҲ˲ѳ
龰ʶʱסˣԡΪʥ֮ӳĽ˲һأ
ǻףͯǶǰ˫ָһƣ͵һʶһĽ

ɫǾͷһף˲ͽǾ롣
¡һ죬˲ѣʧӰ١һѪڵأɫȻ԰࣬ȴûжˡ
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ʱ׿ǰ³һͯҲ˲䵽ߡ
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İɣѹѬĵʱΪǵӣٺٺ١
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1273 ͻʥ
Ƥᶶͯ׿ȵϵҪ
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ûʱٲ󷨣׿ɫһ࣬ϯضͯҲ˼˲侯쿴ΧĶ˴׿ͻơ

͵ıƬƬɳХ졣񷶼ڷӿزϵ𵴣ͬʱ׿ǿֲҲڽڽڸǿѹϮŴظ䣬ͯҲЩɵػһۣ˼뿪˼⣡
ϵ͵öλ𴫳УǱѰͻʥȡΧµĻʥɽҲκβϵˡ
׿Щĵ۾⣬ʥһˣϵĪˣ
°һͯȻһЦ
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ʱ׿͵ض˶ȻһڵӰܳŻл㱵ؽγһӰģԼӰӰ㣬ͣųȥأ֮׿͵һ˫ŭ

ͬһʱ䣬һ𣬸ڵŨī׿˲˳ǾϣȾ˸Ũصɫǵ˻ը죬ǾһڵۼףۡŨī磬ӭչݣǰһֻ񱩵ͷ˸һĺâ
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⣬ħʥһеǿ̬Ϊ׿ֻȫս
һ棬ҳǱڣѵŮ˵Ц̸׿ĹȻܵ׿Уǲûй©κǰ˵飬׿Ŀĵȣֻ̽λ׿ܼҵƢԺһЩյĵط
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ؿһۣ̾һֵãһҪţ׿СӣиˣҲиģ
ΪʲôҸʶ󣬲ѣôᡭ֮ǰ϶ҲǹӽҵģҪԸʦ⣬֪ʲôĿġ
ǽ㣬׿ӽĿĺܵûôӣֻϲѣʱ˪ᣬҲ΢ЦŽ͡
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͵һȭаЦһ·˵񣬽ǳɱ⡭


1274 
Ƥɵúݺݳ˳飬ƺһ³ȥ׿һԼˣҡҡԴ̾ѡ
Щ˶ͨĻʽǿߣʥɽʽ۷Ķ֣ңֻҲͰˡƣѹǡ
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Ҫ֪ʥɽɽʥɽ֮ףضʥ۷Ϊ׿ܼҺ졢Щǿ߶ڼңƾЩӵóƣ
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Ȼص˵ͷ˲Ľѵ׿ܼҿٴͻƣϲɺأҲҪģǧЩ·Ǽʶʲô߻ħˡЩһֻǿˣȴȫͳǿ׳Ұ޶ѡִͻʥףϷԸΪͣͲǰˣ
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1275 ս
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1276 
µʱ䣬ʥһϵж¼ȫҵĴ£һԵʥɽͷϡ
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ǻŽɣ˵ǸԸţֻĵĵӡϾЩģҲʹǸʥɽС
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ǰȻ׵Ĩһ£ЩɺԵѪգϺƶЦһĵ컹ͦӲϷٸһλᣬʵҶôģ˳֣
ҡҲ֪
ž
ƺɫ̧ۿ˿˼ڴ૷ǻ£һ췢ֹסһ£ɫŤƺ൱ʹࡣɺݺҧûһ˻
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ϷȻӦѾͷʱ򣬻ű˸ʹ࣡
ݺݵţϺƶҧأŭ˵ҶӾ˭ɱģ
Ҳ֪һƺҲǽ˫Ŀ˺ѷεزҺ
Ƥֹס˳飬Ϻƶ¸ŭߣ˵ʵ֪Ҷӵ飬ǳôң
Ѿ˵ˣԼģʲô֪
ƨǵʵϼڲˣԼܳȥҿѺ˶ǻʽ׸֣û˰ܳ޻͸Ϸͨˣ㻹ƭϷǲǣϺƶǶתø졣
۵Ŷ亹Ѫˮε£ƺɲɿڣôֻ֪֪Һֻ˵˵ϼڣֻͶǣĶ֪ôӳģҪĻ
Ҫһ𣿡
ݺݵһۣϺƶԷ񣺡治ǼٲλСϷеı̶ȣܶϷһӶõǶˣ

ڴڴŴƺЦ֮ɫԭˣʥߣʥɽ֮һӲǲ͹Űһˣߺߣʲô֪

һȭ£ƺʱԴһƲһѪлżݡ
֪ߵغСӣ˭أߣ
ۿ˿Ϻƶ˦˦֣תȥڻԽԽˣʥɽӣʱһʲôп־ˣߣ
һ˵ţϺƶƿ˺صţ߳
ǽнԶıӰƺʧЦһ³һૡ
׿˵һ㣬ϼһﲻҶǽ㶯֣Ҿͷˡˡ
˫ƺԴһ˹ȥֻǻȻЦݣٳٲɢ
һ棬߳ҵϺƶȻӰಽ档
ûпһۣϺƶֻѾͷǱôˣûֳʲô
ɽİɣҪС⣬ʲô󶯾
ǾͺãǼסˣѾͷҪ֮Ļʲôò
İɽ֪ԹżʾĶʵؽ˭ˡһǹǸееģ
ţ׾ͺã
ȻͷϺƶóһ˲Ѫգ¹ڣ¶һźЦݣµͬ£һµĹ뷿ǰŵǣϷԽ𣿡
ɣ
﷢ϺƶʧЦһҡҡԴƷŽ룬һӰʱӳȴǳɡ
Ǹæǰƺأ
İǣ幫ѣϷȻҸأµģǺǺǡ
ҪתתǼ
ҡͷϺƶڳǰȴ˵ĺͰףոˣǿɲУŮܲסȻͷûгףϷǰ㵱ϱˣһİϸҪʥɽ˼ɺͳ
˭ϱӶѾˣҸʥɽû˿ϸԣݺһ˦֣ŭ
ؿһۣϺƶ̾ҶԵ޷ġҲ㲻֪ջʥɽʱ൱˵ǵ飬һûôĵӡ֪Īİˣ
װװ㵱ûӸʦ̸ʲôˣͶĿô
۶ЦȴȫֳΪ֪Ϻƶ֪ԼƲ𴩣ΥǨ֪ԼαĿͱʶƵĻ϶ͲôɫԼ̸ˡ
Ϊ˰ƺȳҲΪ˰ȫֻܼίˡ


1277 յ
Һ׿ദһʱұúհ
ԣǱˣ
һ󸹷̣ǳЦһϺƶӯӯһݵɽ̧ҶӲ壬Źǣ
ΣŮģֻ˵ûֲó
ȻصͷϺƶ⿴һۣɢ޾ˣֻףԶӵĲֻͽᣬȴΪʲôʵ֪Ȯ֪࣬Ϸˣ
˵ţϺƶ£Ϊǫ
һæ𣺡ҲңǰɷСŮˣ
ǹӦ֮ȮԩѩϷԵ˹ݣһƬֿжˮ
ؿһۣϸϸ˼֪ǵĿģһеıݣǱжϡﻩɡ
ˣһе£Դ˾һЩ
⸸֮飬Ӧòмٰɡ
ȻԼͬ飬¹׿Ҳй©ģ

ȻϺƶһķλãһ㻩һڵأɫ˲԰һǴ󾪣æߵǰôˡ
ҲˣܴӦһ𣿡ڴڴŴϺƶȻ߶
Ǹæ˵
ǡ͸㣡
˵ţϺƶкıóһֻɫʵȥɬǲԺԨֵĹŻϰ꣬ܳһ顣пǣͻǿ֮Чٵ͵ˣдҲܳɹ޵ʥ֮Уǳ
üͷᶶǸԾ죺˵ǺԨں޺ͷ޽磬ʮʮһޱأʥҲ룬ⶫʵ̫ˣ
ǰȷ󡣡
˿ϸ΢ƵģϺƶ޶ԴǿýúģϾǣǿԽˣȥ⻹ϴʥɽӲȥʧأŵõһսƷ͸ˣ
Ǹˣϡ֮ܰҪ
Ϊ󣬲ŸҪ㣬͵ҴͰɡ
ȿȿȡ
ֹסɿ³һ죬Ϻƶ㲻֪Ǵ͸δϱĴ֮Ȼȥȴһֱ㣬ұˣ°ɣ
˵ţϺƶǿӲش˳ϣɲͣҡԴУҲա
ǣǰδӦϷ㲻գϷɾҪˣ
֨
ӲһͣһΪѣȴˡ
龰Ϻƶ¶ȻЦ⣬Ȼ˼Ӹһԣǻŵæң֪δá
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³һϺƶȻЦЦ˫΢ǿҪĸо
¼ˣǴ᣺ɽɽ㲻ܾȥ
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ҡҡǲؿǶ˵ǰʥ۷ôһ
˴˶һۣǶ˳֪̾Դɽ磬ѻŭ֮£˲ӣ᲻ɢħĲҩҽʯҩȻΡʥ۷ΣԶˣ
ƤᶶǿϺƶǰ
Ȼʱ׺׶ȴа
ɽ治֪ʥɽʲôӣڷֻɶͿ̿ԵĻǶԸɽȥ
޵ϡﻩֿǵɽǰ˵ɽȥһ£幫һ뿪˵ءҪΪɽɥˣͲͿˣ
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ôɽץɽﲻɽ𣿡
ΪʲôʼգҶȥﻹЩ˵ġ
ô˵ɽˣ
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һȻ˵ҲˣΪӵ˵زҲ˰ġǿԵĻһ
࿴˿°ͷȻϵĵĻһԣҲ˼ģɽָأϾɽһֱ㵱ϱû˶ӣͷϧˡĻҲʥɽ߱͸ˣ
һϵֿ˶һۣ΢΢ͷȻץסϺƶ֣Ԫȥ
ǰסǧҪ
ûзӦϺƶûѡ
»࿴ּͣеġֻҪܽ⿪ɽĽᣬʶͺˣ
˵ͷٴδ󺰣Ԫţͷ󺹣ȴǺܿҪݽˡ
һԿţһΡ
汧Ǹǰﲻæɽһֱ׽ֻԪΰܻǵԪȥ𵽷ЧϾɽĲ崴ˣ
ף
ҧǾͣǵȱ󱻺ˮʪûʲôá
¼ˣҲǴ󼱣һҪȫȫΰģһỽɽģͣ
ݺݵԴǶ۵ı۾ԪȻݽߣȴ˿ûκηӦ
žһ۵εڵء˼ˣһ㶣Ȼ̾˿Ϻƶɽˣ·ûг
ǼĵĻǶǲֵģ
԰׵ɫĺϺƶ˫һ⣬һԵĳǣ˫ȭֹס߬ҧ˵÷ȥթȻɡڿɺãѾͷңҲûԼҵĵزǶôߣ
ʼ磬޻˵
ͷػӻ֣ϺƶվȽϢ취ɡУȥһˣǸ׿Ƿˡ˵ȥǲСӰǶƳأ
ɽǳΪСӰѶóȴܵСڣǰ
㲻ۼֿ죬öճûǰݺݵһۣϺƶ
䣬һǼĳЦȴǶȻ쳹˶ߣõ۾ƾ֮ͽҲ𣿡


1278 ظ
ʲôˣֹͫסһϺƶһ
䣡
ûлػ֮ϣһǿ͵Ľֻգ۹ϺƶûӦô£Ȼһ¡֮У˲ըѳķѣΪ촷ۡǿĽ籩һתϺƶµʱ˳ȥһ㷴֮ûС
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촽̲סݺݶ˶ϺƶӲŲ̧ͷ˿տյתܣҲʲôû֡
أӶڲ
ߡ֣ǰδеĸ֣
ݣ
һƿʥɽϺƶæǰ꺮ůɽովʲô£û°ɣ
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ͷЩᣬϺƶʲôæȺһƬ֮أڷз˰죬žأأ
¿˿һݣɽ᲻ᱻոһиɱˣ
ܣոһߣɱ֮⣬Ҳ֮ˣüͷᶶϺƶһ֣ص
һ㶣ո˻ԣʵɽովʲô£
ˡʥɽѳǾˣ˫УϺƶҧȴ쳣ɬд־Ƶġ
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һ˿ĭϺƶ˲ͷ亹ɵʥɽӰȥ٣Ա˶ϷŪòȡʵɲ⡣ѵ˵ҶǱɱģΪģҲѾͷڵĶ
˴˶һۣȫȦˣɽǿĳǡ
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ͷذڰ֣ϺƶһͷͷˣڵĹؼǣôһصĸֿͬһù𣿶ңʥʲôʱǿˣʼδ
ҡԴϺƶ̾ŵͷȥҲݣֹסɬǰ;ã
Ƕ˰ˣܳôһͰǱ°ˣˮһհ
ͬһʱ䣬Уƺرʮּϣ˿

һ죬Ǻصűһ߿ƺһ̧ȥȴǵʱϲ׿磬ˣ
꣬˵㣡
ƣ׿ͽͯƺߣͽĶӰóһ˵£ŵأ
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֪ǶͼȻһˣЦһ׿ƺ۰ˣֵܡܿ죬͸㱨ʮ
΢΢һЦƺ˵ͷ
Ȼ׿ڿеʥɽƣôɫԼ֣ࡣ
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˼ͯȴҡҡԴܰɣڶǰѷ󶼳ˣһأʥɽ󷨶ûУҲ̫д˰ɣ˲ҹԭд룬ǰ˰ٺٺ١ϵãǴǰ档ȻĻһ·ѲߵĶûУҪ̫˳
ǣ˭ɵأ
۾΢΢У׿ɻɲʥУеʥɽΪеģûж˰
ˣôʥɽˣǿԳûˣ
˵ͷ׿Ҳٶ룺˵öԣϽҵǣȻǱ޺֮ˡʥɽҲøҴʥʧˣߣ
ǻаЦݣ׿ϱƺ뿪ͯǻڲࡣ
Ǹոճңû߼һȴǶô˶ڣʲôˣҽ
Ǹʽף
Ǹ۷壡
ûˣ׿뽣ͯ˴˶һۣһһͬʱ¶һЦţವһͯʱһ˸һâ˲䴩ӡ¡һͽײķѡ
֣ͯмڻʽڱүǰѲˣȻҴСǵ·ߣ
󵨣
Ȼʱһ𣬽űХٵǿϢóǰ
׿һɫ΢ҧҧ̸ܣʥΪʥɽȻ̶Ѩôʥ߰
ϵô죬ȥǣһֻص׿ߣͯϸ
Ƥ׿˼꣬Ծ񣺡ˣҪǣ׳ġûҵҷŴаҪȳȥ˵
ǾϵʥħסǣȻصͷͯ顣
׿ӦȫĺҲڽɢҪųʥˡ
ȻڵĹһȺʥȺŹ±ǺҪɱһѪ·ߣȴҲ£
Ǿڴʱһ˺վһ˵һʥɽ˵Ĵ󻰣ʲôˣոǲǰѳѾͷ°ߵģ˵
ʲôѾˣ
һͣ׿ʱʲôǰǾˣȻ֪˭ĿΪΣֻһȷ󣬾ǲԺ޹˼ɵس֣ɱķˡ
뵽׿ֿ˿ǰЦǺˣո˵Ŀʵ
ǵʥɽɽϺƶ
ԴϺƶȵոһ£ѺǵǼΪƽأҲˣǲģ˵֪ʲô˵
תת׿ϢһУЦǸǲ֪ո﷢ʲôֻӻҼҼѣ

üͷһϺƶ׿ƺһۣ¶ʱУŶԭˣҵġߣôĵһ壬ܵʥɽˣ֮𣿡
壿ߺߺߡ
һ̣׿ֹסЦ¸õ³ģңǵʥɽɡ


1279 ʥս
΢΢˿׿ŵȴȫסˡֹ꣬סЦЦǼ֮ɫ
ӹŵôʥɽƵģ׿ǵһ
ϺƶҲ̲סЦ㾿飬ò֪ߵغ񣬸ҷŴʴʣ
˵Ҵܼң׿Ҳ
ʲôǸ׿
һͣϺƶٴγϸϸ׿ãȵô˵ǸǳļһඣôոճǱ˽ߣûйϵ
ߺߺߣûйϵûϵˣ
һЦ׿ƺһ̤ţֱɾ죺һˣûҪ֪ô飡
Ƥ˿׿һɳӣ㶡ôûﵽô죬ô죿
һǲŷӦСթ
һ߸Ǵһͬһֱ̤ɾ˲׷ȥͬʱһ磬һֻȫ°ʮƵİɾأó֮䣬ȴλʥڵĸ֡
ԲѣҵʥɽҰô뿪ûôסϷ쵹ҪǶ˾˭ˣ
ߺߣǾúÿɣ
Цһ׿âҲӺݺһƣֱʡһֻߣȫɷĺɫӰأسǰպգӿ
ֹͫסһ󾪣ôҲʥ֣ôܣһԻСӣͻʥŵģ
һ˵ͻƸߵȾ磬Լԡ⣬ҲʮҪġͻʥҲҪ׹
ֹʥɽ¢ˡ
ˣܳһʥߣ൱СġдǻۡԵˣţ׹ɵá
ңһˣʥɽеԸ룬е˲ԸҰףʥɽҲȥܡ
Ͼɢʥϡ٣ʲôвЩʥߣҲɵظʥɽΪУҲల£ڡ
ڣû뵽ҰĲڻܿλʥɽӵȨ͵͵ʥɽ˵ҹܼ׿ҲһλʥߣǴе
һʱ䣬˵¶˳ɱ⡣
һλʥ߸֣ǰһҰҲͰˣȴƫƫҪʥɽԣǾ;Բ
뵽Ϻƶһ³ϣɱ
ǣɽһЦ³Ե൱ţ˿ţҲ¶Цݡ
Ͼ˵ʵͺͷϵʭӣŵ£ʥڶǰڣ³Ӯ˰Ȼ
ħ죡
ǻаЦݣ׿°һǺɫؿڵֻͷ֮㣬͵س˳ȥ
䣡
ֲı𳹲񷡣ֻɲǹѣ³ϻûӦǸû׿£˾裬û㱻ǺɫһײֱӴʥţƿһǧ׼ľ޶
Ǿǰŵʮɫ޶ܣҲ˲Ϣֱɢ١
ۣ
һѪ³ϵɫɲǲҰʥ¡һѣҲ߷ݰȥ
³ϣ²󺧣Уͬʱĵһͷӿ񱼣Դʺ˸
³ΪСӸߣʥɽ߹ôôͰܸһҰ·أ
СԸߣͻʥĹҲܱʥɽǧµĹ֮߰

ǣкɣһ޺ٴ쳹񷡣³ǾֵУһתۣ޿һţؾͽƮҡһȥ
ȻǾֻص׿ʥؿϣͷԵüΪа졣Ǽ䣬ڱػкðո³ϵĹǻƵġ
龰ڳһݣðźðԵʥǰδ
ϺƶˣҲüͷݺݲţҧгݡһ̤ţأ÷ȥȫը첻ϣһʮѾ޽Ľ֮Ҳ˲ǰ
ݣ
û˿ɣϺƶӱ׽Ǽ׿ȥը죬ƷǷ
ߺȣɽԴͽ̣һس𣿡
üͷ΢΢һ׿ЦһϧҪʧˣħ죡

ٴһըѲ񷣬Ǿ޴ĺһδ׿ؿڷɳֱϺƶԴȥת˲

һΣϺƶȴ˾裬һֻ׽ݺǰһʱסǺͬ͡ʱһֻ׽һն
৵һ£ֻһնΪʧ׿ľҲǺݺݶ˶ԾƺܵһЩش
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л˵
͵أϺƶʤ׷׽ڿл裬ɵ˸Ϣǧ⻮ǰ
׿ָʥһ߶һߺˡǵȽͣ£סʱʮڶ׿ǺɫϾдƬƬĿ׺Ȼѿɢ١
ʥе׿Ҳһػһȴܵ˷֮ˡ
ƺˣ󾪣ĵ׿磬û°ɣ
ãɽ䣡˿㾰ҲͬߺȸԾȻˣ׿ɾء
ܹɽʯǧ˼ʮҪСӡ˵á
ͬģϺƶҲһ㣬¸
Ͼ۷ǿߣԷʥĳˣ˵ɱԷġڣǧδܽԷ£ȴǵԼȻˡ
ܹ뵽ͬΪĻ±һɱģԼˣ
ѹָո³ôңСӡȻ࣬ٻȥ
һâϺƶһ̤׽ٴλΪӰ׿նܲ͸ĽӰ޻ػͶܵļ϶
˫ͫɺݺһƺ󾪣׿硭
ɽɱҲг
۾΢΢һУ׿侲Ŷôȳҵ彣
ǣף
ݣ
һƿһֱûбעĽͯطգһڳ˲֮ڣ׿ߡ
ͬʱϺƶǿ񱩵ĽӰҲȻͷ׿£
¡
Ȼڴʱ쾪ըѣһɫĹӰһţĿĽӰǺһ£ȫɢ
һ㶣˻ԣϺƶǽվֹסһ죬˫ּ׽ʱѳɹ㣬ɢ
ۣ
һѪϺƶɫ΢΢Ұһֱͣ˫̧ȥȴ֪ʱ׿ľϣҲһڳŵǰһģһ
ңѽͬ˸ڵĻ棬а񡭡


1280 ʥɽ
Ƥᶶ˶ϺƶһƬ죬ֳܿ޴ֱһ˦׽С
ʱ˿̣ܶԷóʲôֶΣҪӮǹؼ
ţϺƶٴǰݺݳȥǰǱҵһĻٴη콣Ӱ׿ֻؽкڽڿһ

죬׽˲ɢ١
龰е˶ɵˡ׿֮ɫŵǾʲô˿£
Ҫ֪ɽʮ׽ʥʱʥɽע壬ɻصʮϽ׽ӲޱȣƷʥǿȡô׾ͱٵأһغ϶ˣ
Ϻƶͬ벻ͨһ㣬׿Ҳڲš
ˣΣɵӲͷƤǰ塣ôҪľǸӣΪϴϡ
ĻʥɽôһϣԷǿҲΧŹˡ
ǵ³ϱ׿ɱˣ׿Ϊ³ϱΣΪԼϴؽҪġ
ˣɾǰˣ
һˣϺƶ˿أһ˫ۣ죡

һ˷ʣµİ˰׽ϵط߿գһֻֻ쾪ףƲ䴩󣬵ڵĿռѷ죬Ҳ֩㲻ӣѿ·񷶼Ƶġ
ţ˰׽һġܿգȫһƬ׺Լľ޴׽·˶ɵҰޣڵʱ˳һɲǡ
δǿֲƣȻʥɽÿ䣡
龰ڳ˲ʧɫ˷ܵĹâ
ɽľ似һرɫͿ̿㵱忪սҲʮһʥŷɥ
ңҲֻǰɽʹһʥߣɽ˸У
һУɽҲûˣ벻ٴμʶ˼
µˣһƬȻ׿Ҳͼ¸ǳЦϡ
ߺߣСˡеĽǿԼĽâܵ˶٣һûס⸱ʥ͵ñϣûסҪСˣûʬ޴³
СӣɽרŶԸѧϣҲ컯ˣߺߣ
ÿһĵ׶Ȼ϶׿Ľ֣ƺҲЩĵؿ
˼׿׸һοЦݣֿħǻһĪа죺ͯһУ
ϵǸ򵽣ûأеǰһɣһ𣬽ͯδ
üͷһ׿Ϊ⣺ǴеǰҪеġлֺαظôʱ䣬𣿡
ðɣǾԿɣͫĺУ˿΢΢ϵĺŨࡣ
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ʱϺƶ͵һ֣׽Ƶģس׿¡ֲѹ׿ʥĺֹס
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һ׿;ͫУͬʱŵɫ⻷
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׿ͽͯͬʱгȻǺɫľ޴Ӱһתгž޽úݺһת

أ֪ΪΣռ俪ʼŤһɹ׿Ϊģ˲ɢȥΧĿռ䣬ҲڲŤΧڲɢС
ЩԻصƸ£ոսӴռ׽ҲǷı仯·ȫԼƵģŤرռУȻ৵һ£ʧ٣ûһ㡣
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ˣҲȫĪһԻ֮ɫǾ׽أôôϢûˣȥˣһûУ

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Ȼһ̧׿ȥȴ֪ʱϺƶǾ޴ĽʥҲǿʼŤոЩ׽һ㡣
ƴҪ뿪ȴǸûκáϢʥһʼŤŤȻ˾ֵУʧûһס
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һͣڳȫɵˣ˵ǵɽôôͻȻʧˣʲôɽǻ
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˫ᶶƺȵ㲻ʲô˶ɱˣЩһûеˣ֪ôġ
Ҳδأռõǻ𽣵ǶԷҽ֮ϣһë
ʥ۷嶼ֵסܵסĽ𣿡һ㶣ƺ
ʧЦһ׿ɫٴȻʥ۷ʲôһֱɵģǸһ֮ϵˣ
һ뵽ԷӵʮؿͫԼŸͻƵھأ׿ٸѹɽ
ಣ
ʱ׿һڵľʱʧ
ƺһף׿磬㡭
ĹˣһϣץסɽոɽĪʧһǱʲôֶθץˣ
ģҲһȣȻĲ췢ٵֲ֣أ׿ѹʱǶϢһͣ㴭
Цһ׿ͷˮƺտĵھأû죬ķ̫󡣶Ҫһʥ۷ĨȥҺͽͯ˺ܷ֧ʥˣ
ô죿·һɷľˣƺʧЦ
һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡Σǰ˵һ㣬ǣ


1281 ¾
ǣôˣô𣿡ƺ⣬ֵ
ǻЦݣ׿׼
䣬׿һ˦֣һֻСɽĽɫǿֲɢŰϢЩոջڲͳʥ߾ǣһͣҲˣ϶Ǿ֮ɫ
ǡʲôô˿ֲɢ
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̧ۿ˿ϤĿ׿ЦһڷףϢңÿһŶȫһ֮˷һţ캣ּۻۣһšһţؼʱ̱ˣһû취ȺȻǰ˺ˣǾ͸úˣǺǺǣ
䣬׿͵һ֣СɽĻ򣬱·һھȥЦô͸ˡ׿߽˵㻰˵ǣһǣ
ƣһҪֹУ
ֹͫסһǸоϢĿֲ˸ǴгȻ˱ȫԼͬʹȫָǿ似ƣȫͨ޴ʥϢȥ
Ҫףǳɰǧʥ֣߳ɾǻأһаǵײŨĽϣȴ̼䱻ɣһ춯ûڣϢĸͷûһ֡
ǺȻֿȴûаëǮô
ڣǿ־УǾ޴Ľɫǰ
䣡
һܽضըľ޴죬͵ñ޾ķף·캣ˮ㣬̼佫ʥɽɽȥ
Щһʥ߾ţȫܹƥ֮ǰһ㳹˽ȥ
ǼӲʥ߾Ҳ˿Ӳ˰ãȫɢ١Ǳȸո׿콣ϺƶʱҪĶࡣ
ϢѣʥɽȫһƬɫĻ𺣡̨ͤ¥ۼĸ֣Ľȫɣûһ˿Ϣ¶
ʥĵʥɽһ˲Ĺ򣬱ȫʧˣ·ûгֹƵģżû¡
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Ƥֹסغݺݶ˶ƺѾĿɿڴǵһμϢû뵽˹
׿磬ѹ첻µز£Ķ˷ˣԭôֲ
ǰϧһˡ죬׿ҡͷЦԺټǿģҪʵʵβˡ̶ȣǿӦû˰ɣǺǺǡ
˵ͷƺʾͬǵʥɽɽˣ׿磬ʥ߶û⣬ȺŹҲ֪⣬ۼһûܸʥɽءʥɽˣʥɽҪô죿
ǽţҲҪʹʧһϢ˵ʲôҪʥɽ˲ɣ
³һ׿ŵȵĻ棬ĵľӲʥɽҲһԽǿԽ㡣ǽֻǾǶ˳ȥʱֹʥɽ༸ɽҲϾ촨ǼݰҲɱˣЩʥɽӺϣһسǲݵģ
΢΢ͷƺɫ£ΪȻʥʵûʲô߲ʿٹûʣҲαӶѡΪԼͳϣԣ
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ǰʥɽΪϢĴɱʵùˣ
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Цͣ£ƺֿ׿üոɽ˵ǽ㱻˽ˣ֪ںηأ
ǰԿ϶ǣ˲֮ģٶڲᣡ
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Ҳأһ
ҲɣǾ͸鷳ˣ
³һ׿˵µһۣһת뿪߰ɣǵԺҡĿǰҪģǽյĳɹһǲģΪ䣬ι̵Ĵ󷽣ǰһʥɽٴʥʷ
˵ţ׿գ۲Ӱ˵أֻ޾ڲϷȻһɽ塣
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š
ʱһһͣӰüͷ߽ĺߺߡ
ʧЦҡҡͷȻСӵĿζˣȻὫ۾ŮˣǺǺǡ
Цһתͬʧ
һº󣬵ʥɽ̼䱻һټϢʥ򣬵ʱٴһȻ󲨡е˶һ죬ŵӡ
ʥɽʥǿߵľۼأû˸ǵĴڣô˵أΨһܵ壬Ҳһɡ
Ҫ֪ܴһʥɽǾʥɽǿһ塣ңҲֻǸ衣
Ϊ壬ҲֻܳΧʥɽѣ˲ܡһʱ䣬ʥɽһ֧ԮϾͻḹܵУܶء
ʥɽĿܣҲ΢΢˭˼ʥɽһأ
ڣȻϢ˵ʥɽôҲ޷ˡΪܣֻһܳ֡
һԷʵǿʱھܽʥɽöף޻֮Էܴڶܹ࣬ʥɽΧˮйͨԮţ·ӣֻܹԹԱ
µʥ
еˣЦһ㣬ҡԴ
ҥԣҥԡôأĸҥԣǿǴˣ
Ǻܿ죬µİģͨȴ˶ˡΪΪҥԵϢҷĿˡ
֤ʮа˾ˡⲻ˴ʧɫʥɽĻᱻ壿
ǣǾǣʥɽģǱˣǻͳߣողŷսң
ôǿ˵սս˵ʥɽʥɽǿʥɰǧ겻ʥɽȻܱôһոСɵ
һʱ䣬ʥ˵ԴʹˣۺۣȻˡ
ԭʥɽҲˣǾ޵еĴڣҲеµһ찡µİȡ֮


1282 С
ʥɽֺڣΧһȦڿϣ˫΢أ߸ϣ·мˣԲ
Ҳ̧ͷֻǹعĬ
ضãλĳߣ΢΢˵Դ⼸ǧѡʥɽеٮٮߣɽ촨ǣִƻϣܾľĪҪص˵ĸޣ
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صͷ߱˴˶һۣ¶ȻЦݡ
Ȼ촨ڻıʧ͸ʥɽĲ࣬ǵӶࡣϸѡҳ͵ľӢǣӦûʲôˣǺǺǣ
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۾У˻࿴ҲЩ
룬ȴǲΪذڰ֣ȻǺǺǡްСͷѵˣջرɽŰɡڹڽٻءϾǲϲļʥɽϣҲҪʱ𣿴ͷһֱල޲أϼһڣܳʲôΣ
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ƤһǵȴǿҪ޳ˣûж
һ㶣ߴ㻹Ÿʲôȥ
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΢΢üֿ˵һһ˵֪λûУ
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Сû˵꣬
ȻصͷüžСˣˮһλͨ쳹أĸ֡ʥɽⲻ֪ߵغ񣬵ʹʥɽǧʥɵòС˭Ҳ֪ʲô£ֻ֪ǵǣ˱ġԴ֮ʥɽĹأǲˮˡ
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ˮˣ
˻
ֹס뵹һڳȫɷףһŲģҪըƵġ
µˣοǵǵˡ


1283 ˮ
һ棬һչɽڼ䣬һľ¥Աһٲ¡¡һкǧֱȵС̶ﻨ㣬ˡ
һŰµṫӣŶʮ£ʣŵض¥̨ͤϣϥһ١ʮָУȻöشɽ֮䣬Ƣ
¥ΧƣþòɢУ衣·Ҳܽǵ飬件Ƶġ
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ңǹЦĪ£Ҷûе⡣ڵʥɽԪǣʧأڻúܣӦǣ
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ڴڴŴٴγԣÿһΣͬˣƺ˻ѵʱ⣬ûκβ
ڣڳ߰˴ͻΧ󣬳Ҳڽƣڷе;Уǰһڣ৵һµۿҪˤһʯϣȴ˵һռһŤӾɵ䵽һůĴϡ
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ֻгǣһУһ־壬·һȦУôӣӲȥ
߸ߵɽϣˮظ·ˣЦһˮ£翣»תͷɿաԶӲԼ١Ѿѵõ֮ˣȻˣǾ͸ˡ˵治ɾȣ˵𣬽ģ
Ƿþȣֶ䡣Ͼ˴ӲУ
Աһ󺺣Ϭȴ쳣ĮңһֻҲյģӯӣƯ΢֮УԵЩɱ
̧ۿ˿ˮ¶ƿһеЦݣת뿪ˣǿıӰᶨؽ档
ҵҪĻˡ


1284 
գ
ǥϸָƽϲסö׿üͷ壬Ĺâϸϸ˼ʲô
Ȼһ췢Ҵææ˽׿æеôʲôϢ𣿡
׿ܼңûгκ䣬ܡɫһ첻̾һʧصԴ
ᶶ׿ҲЩʧȴüͷøࣺ˵ܹʥɽ˵ıͲ࣬һ֪ж͸Ƿëˡֻʵ벻˾Ǻηʥʥ򡭡Ĵ𣿡
һۣҲǳüչ˼⡣
Ȼʥʱ䲻ĿȾһЩǿҲ֪һЩġʥɽѾʥ۷ڣܴʥɽ˵ĸ֣ǲ
˵˭ϵ
ˣ׿ܼңʥһЩ𣿡뵽켱æѡ
ҡҡԴ׿ҲһãȻͲк֪ܶȻ֪ɢʥߵ䣬Ǿ޸ʥɽ࿹ǵʥɽˣǡ
ʲô
ϣ˵ʥ֮ϵ˭
üǰһе۾
û˵׿ֻǱԽԽĵ۾Ҳ٣ĵǸȴһֱû¶档
ǰԱŽοԼ۾Ҳȫ䣬㻹ڣҲôɡ
ӶĹ£ȴأѹ˼Ҹ㡣ҪĻЩܵͨ󣬻Ƿַӵ
ֻγǺȻ˾ߣǷأǸˣǷĵأ
һˣ׿иӳءǵԼֻǣ޹ѡϾڵѲȻһˡ
ҹܼ׿ڣϷʥɽɽɽãһ
ͻȻ֮һը죬ֱ͸Ĥҳǵиֶһ׿һ࣬˲䣺ʥɽɽôŶˣ
׿ܼң˻ûǸô죿һæѯʡ
˰֣׿תϸϸ˼ȴǿԳţżǵݣȻȴ䣬˵Ǿ֤ǵﻹмɵ⶯֡Ϣ壬áֻҪӣǾͲ
ߣȥǣ
ǣ׿ܼң
׿һ֣뿪һͷҲǽϡһ̤Ӱʱ⣬ֱֱŷȥ
һ棬ʱ˿̣ҳǳϷȻϡϡվٵӰǿǵصѹ£óе־־壬ȴȫһȺʥΪĸɡ
ǵǰλվӰʥɽɽһߣУϸϸش·ˣвʱɻת׿ߣҲһĪӣҡԴ֪ԡ
֣ҳǵˣһȺϰȻмʽ׸֣ڻҲѵõǿʥɽȴҲأСĺܡ
һʥֶûеļ壬ʥɽ𣿴𰸵ȻǷ񶨵ġ
ǣôһϼ壬ȻһʥɽֱĨƽˣȴ̫ˡ
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ԣһȺϼһͷǣһ˵̫˵ı飬úܡ
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ȥǲ̽һ¶Էϸʲʺһôָë˵
Ҫ˼ˮˣ˼ңˮɽʥɽɾ޴֮ˡһɽǲţһ
밧̾һһۣɬ߸Ǻɽӣʾùҹˡ˼ҼȻǳˣûҪ֦ڡ
ǺɽȴͦһȷӣҪΪԩƵġ
ߣҪ˵
һЦ׿ҲȻ壬ȵҰʥɽ򣬷˳񰲣ɽɽӵҼץɽȥٰŰΪҹܼң̵𣿡
·һ°㣬ɽƤһȵʲôϺƶˣ

һֻͣ׿Щɽʥȫסˡ
˵ʲô˼һʶϼһﰡ֪Ƣԣңǲͬ㾪ȸƨ
׿ܼңȻдȣϷˣ΢΢һɽ̾һǰǲ֪ɣð¡֪Ϻƶ֮ˣ𱨣ݽĻϷ͸Ͻˡ׿ܼңǣ
˵ţɽһתֺ뿪ϻ˸ʥĹâ
۾У׿ؿһۣӽӲرȭ°̾
ϼһ޳ܰ


1285 
˿ͷˣ˰컨ǻһƤ׼ط¡ǲԣܿȻ
԰Ǹոռ׿ܣǵڸˣʥɽˣǵպͳʥ
ڣ˵Ϻƶ汳ǰ棬ʹһȥʥɽ汣סˣһˡ
ʥɽȷ棬Щȡ֣Сİֻ࣬ǸҲڹ֪Ϊˡ
һҲˡ
Ҫǣ׿ˮ˵ĻôʥɽᣬȫϺƶһ϶ѡǽϺƶƲϵҲ͵ڸˮûжԹˣͬ飬һսߵˣһá
һոպɽƶһʻȴǵŤת˵ҹϵ˶ԷԹޣʵ԰
ϼһû뵽㻹ǣҵȹĿ࿴
źɽݣıӰеϼһһ̾ͲѡѾʥе۷壬һ˵ʣƽֻǲͻƵ۾ѣòٹĶˡ
ǰһ̸еĵãƺҲķ˲١ô˵ԽǿߣԽϲֱֱԸٷǸ˼
û뵽ɽδϰ˽ʱ̣˼ʵڿɾ壬ǺǺǡ
Ȼʥɽֱ׿ƽŵҪɽʱһ߿ĴȴǶԾ֮𣺡ȺͷǱ֣ɲǷ𣡡
һ񷣡
Ҫ˺Ŀѹ£һɫİɾβ·޸أñʥȺ
ǿµӭһЩΪǳʥߣȻϢһ͵ĸо´󺧡
⾿ʲô˿񱩿ֲ
ۣ
ֹͫסݺλɽ´󺧡ţһɽھ֮ϡ
Ȼȫ˵ľ˲䷢βȥ

һ죬նڲֹڵĿռѷ죬岼ѣֻգ۹ǰտգ˲㲼֮ɫȴ춼Ƶġ
⣡
סغˣλɽֱֱ岽ſֹסΣǰǳء
䣡
գһĿĴ󺺣·˵һ㣬͵վգȴֽвȳڵĴ̧ͷսȴһаĻȣЦͷȫԸ۵ʥʹ˰ɣ
ۣô
۾΢΢һУɽ޵ҧгݣò˵Լ۵̤һʥɽս֮գ
ߣΣ
Σߺߺߡ
һЦɽǺ˰ѵˣ˶ˣȻȱһʥɽսʥɽ壬ʤҪǲùȥ
ôĿ
̲סЦһĵʥɽս֮˲أ˶ȼƣ˻֮ؾսƬزϣսʿ౻ֶ֮һЩʵǳ࣬ȻȲʵҲ󷨣ҵ˵Ǳģ
սһһ
βһΪٲʥɽǰˣǵĴ󷽣һЦۼᶨҡҡԴǲڻĥ׽ԲأֻҪֱʥɽͿˡԿ廹û¹˭ءǣҪ˲ذɣߺߣ
˫һУɽмƲƲ죺󷽣˵Σߣ̶˷ǵˡȻǺ졣϶˻ҧأڻ򹹽󷽣ֱ
ǹѾγˣ
һЦؿЩͷһۣȻ˾ĿУ׿ǰر˱ȭЦλ׿ܼҰɣ׿ܼȻץϢʱۿּ·ڿԳֱʥɽˡֻǻ´ˣ
۴˿ˣ׿ĳδǰãϲ񣡡΢΢һЦ׿Ҳǹ
Ǻɽȴ´󾪣׿㡭
׿ܼҡ
û˵꣬бһۣư㣬ԣԸʥɽʥǧʮ彫ʿʮ򲻵ȣƽصشûܵκźֹϱϡۻûôĵؽϹ·أл׿ܼˣǺǺǡ
Ƥֹס鶯ɽݺһָ׿׿ͽȻ֣㻹𣿡
ҵȻˣϾû˺ҵͬ࣡
мƲƲ죬׿ؿǣʥɽλʥĹ¢ϣԴ¢ϣȴ߿ϰ̤ǻ𣿱ˣӮ壬Ϊ˵֧֣սȴӻΪϣ𱨣޸м֮顣ǡƿʥ򣿡
ȻһЦ׿˫¶ŭڻѾӱԴһ·ǰﵽ۷壬ħʵλûимκˣҲûκΪͬ࣬ΪܴﵽǸλãƴġûаȴкޣ޵ľЩ߸ϵʥɽ֮ˡ
ƾʲôԴƾʲôʲôܸ߸ϡʥɽ֮ˣӵҲܴﵽ󼰵ĵλʵ˻ҪһϵԴʥɽʣµĲԼãͷָ¡ЩɿԴģµľ΢΢ˡЩɢߣһľ͸Ǻϣ
ߣΣʥʵΪ𣬱΢֮ûʸκζбƤᶶɽһ
ʧЦŵͷ׿ƣЦ˵ĶԣԴҵ˰˻ʺףԭµ˻ɱٲҲϣ߸ϵ˿ЦҪıˣͲܱ˴ӣҪǸԣھͿˣԸǺǺǡ

һͣɽʱЩµûţոֻһʱԣɴûõ췴Ļһʵˡ
бƳƳۼ񣬺ɽҧгݡ
׿ͽ֣Ƕ
ԣͱˡҵֻѺ͵˶ѣ
Ȼţ׿ȴһ䣬ٴεƽ֥СԴɱһ𣬴ԸʱڻңͬˡڣȻ˾ۼһˣͬԸģʥɽ
ƨΪ˶һѬģԿ۷𣿡
ǰûˣһʼҲǾܾġǺܿ죬˵ʥɽĸ߽׹ԴȫǵˣǱȻͬˣ
ʲôһʥɽֶͷ亹


1286 ս
ݣ׿΢΢ʼ磬Ц֪ˣαصͬΪ࣬û˻ԸġµĻǸʣƽΪˡ
ܽԴ෢ŸһЩЩ߽׹ҲڻͨһЩϣ˵ĵߡĻ¼ӶˣҪʲô£ʲôڲ٣յĽͨͨһɵģԹˣ
ʥɽҪ棬Ͳøֳ䣬ûдҡҡͷɽԵüΪ侲׿ҳһѵõ˲šϧ㲻ʥɽˣԽ˲ţǱԽҪĨɱʥɽͻܵвԭԶܱ䣡
ǵԭڵķĹˮˮͨǽʥɽ̫ãǵĵһõУȴҲʧȥСûû˾û˷չҲΪΣʥɽʥ߶࣬ȴûһ۾׼۶ûеԭǲԴĸ֣ڳ˰ԪһǴ෴ЩԭгƵۿܵˣȴΪûйԴǶɱͬʱǶɱҲǰ̡˵˭أ
Ƥͣ鶯ţɽȴЦֹʥɽǿĹдԴףҲͲҪĴ԰Ĳ۾ݾ;佫Դɢˣ缯֮ʿ˷ѡȻˣ֮Ҳʥɽˮ
Ǻǣڣ
ЦҡҡԴ׿̾һȵϹٷۣߣ
ݣ
һƿգϹٷ۳ǰ׿򣬿˵ʲɫʽҲԶԿʥһˣ𣿡
ôܣ
Ƥһɽмʥʾ֮ĵȼ࣬Եƣǰ˻Ҳ޷ʥһë
ǾԿɣ
һϹٷ۵ı۰㶸ط˳ȥ˼ɽת׸һӵ˸ɫҲǸæɳһһֻɾǺȻھ֮ϡ
ʥɽʥߣҲΪ㣬
䣡
ȻĻδ䣬һ쳹صľ췢һâǶǾؿڻһ˶Ķڡ
ʥɽӻûӦô£ȻѪ߷ݰʥ֧飬άˡ
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ͫݺ̧׿ȥȴһɫӰڿתһȦֻصϹٷڡ
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ƳһۣϹٷѵһתףص׿ǰһȭȥˡ
ȻȫˣЩͷʵڲţʽô˲ʥأ
֢ȴ̲סЦ׿ܼ¹Ȼ˲żüã峤ϻȥ棬˵׿ܼµĸֶǳˣʵԶͬ죬й֮һȻǱѰ
ۿˣ
΢һף׿ЦһȻתЩĿɿڴߣһͨϵҲ޵ԼĽһǳ˿ɼһȺʥɽʬλز͵ˣռôԴǾ˷ѣûκôǻе֪֮ĻþͽԴɢɽ֣ĪҪǿȨӶͨ߸еʸˣ
΢΢ɽ̧ۺݺݵ׿һۣת뿪׿ۣս
ǲײĲᰡѾˣڼҡߺߣǸãǼʶһǵϴʱ޶޲ٺ٣
һЦֿ׿׿ܼңβֹ壬ޣʥ޴˵ĺ£Ҳ½ǽʥɽγѴ֮
˵ͷ׿ҲֹסʧЦһడЩαĶҪռ棬ȴа񣬱ЩûʵĽڡα¶ǹʱˣǺǺǡһΪܰ
Ǽ򵥰׿ܼԸõ˸˵ۼѲ˰ɣ
ˣһҪ࣡
ΪΣһ㶣ֵؿողǰһǴô
ǰЩˡ
׿һ·һŽעϤֿɿӣ׿΢΢һЦ૵ϾڲǶһˣǺǺǡ
һ棬ʥɽһڻػɽսȥˡһ·ϣͷɫúܡ߿ɽϼһҪսǸ׿ˮûС
϶ûУʥɽҲһһڰæġˮ϶ûаëǮϵİɣ
ôôȷ
˿ɽͣһ󣬳̾˵ˮײβĪ⣬Ӳ˽ˮ֣һԽʥɽһȣɼȻ۴ߣ֤ɽˮˣ
Ŷ˵
Ȼصͷ߲Ǽ㲻ˮҲǰôǰ߶ˣǱԿʧذ
ʧأҲҪ򣡡
ǰһɽݺ߬ȭͷ쳣ᶨֻһѰʥɽ棬ǻܺͽ⡣û׿ͼСҪԴٷ䣬װγʥɽʥĸһսˣ͵ǧŰҵһ̮ʥٷִ֮ءǾԲ飬ߣ
˵صԴҲ¶ӿ־
ʳҪǷ룿ûţߡ
ǺλɽϸԷԼʥɽʼûлأǰһ赲෴ڻΪǺԮʥɽǰߣسΪδսս
ǺսխܣעǸôҵս¡
ҲϹŴս֮ǰδеʥսս˫˻ߣ壬ʥɽ޵ȸνܶȫսϳˡ
һľһЩֲĲԽЩʵ΢ߺսʿΪ֮ꡣ
ʥɽ֦ͬɽػϣ˷ߣ׿ָۣӿ档
ʥɽĸҲ٣ƾ壬ֻ൱ʥɽսǶԷƣߵʱ벻˲ء׿Ҳ⣬ôĥš
ȵ޴ϵʱ׿ʱˡ
վ¼ͨʽ¹ˣ׿㽫ʥɽĻɽȫƳ
ʱ䣬󺣣ɽ֣һȺ޷˷ǰ񱼣ʱ㽫һʥɽ̤һƬ߽޺޵̤֮ʬҰһƬ
ʥɽףɾ
׿һ·߸ͽսѹԷʥǧĲʥɽĻԻͽƺҪʹ䡣
ǾֵսϣŵصӰȴسƿ֮Уÿһ˵жɢƲâ𵴣Ʈ޵ǿƣʥɽκһʥ߶Ȼͬ


1287 ׼
䣡
һ˷˰㣬սûУ˫˻ߵĺɱҲˡǵĶһֱֱУʧϡ
дС졣񱩵צĵ˺Ƭʮֻ޴Ӱ߰ɣ·սһ㣬͵Ұɱ˫Ŀ֮Уͨ졣
ϣ޴ӰһɢޣӴҲܿ첼ѪڵأϢ١
ƬսѱʬɽѪ䣬ȴûһ˹עƬ
ΪѪȵĸȾ£˷гɱ¾
ৣ
ɫֻ޴Ӱܿ쵹£׿սͯħЯħ۾һ·Щʥɽ·Ǳһһ
Ȼûʥ֮ƾĻʼӡҲǽں¾Щʥ߳ڵཫʿɵؼʥɽ߿൱ڴɨսˡ
ϾʥɽƵĵطҼŰһ£Ҳô׵顣
ǶˣЩĻʱҪһģ͸ҲԼֵĶˡ
ҿԭز¶ôְһһʥɽѹֵҹȻսˣȻ޵ķʸ
ۿһƬƬѪâ£һּ˷ּͬʱЩЩ޴ӣǡʲôˣòûвֵذ
ת׿˿ԼһȺͬµֵܣƵģֻŴ۾ǰսƣԼȴ̤һûС
ϾǵʵֻҪսȦҲҪصԸֻನܰŪˡ
˵ˣȥڻңûκμֵ
Цһһ˫˰죬޹ҡԴֵܣʥɽʥɽ治ҡǻʵʵǴȥɨսɡҪ֪ǸʲЩ˶ʲôˣٵ˺ö𡭡
ιɵŸʲôȥæ
ģһһת׿ȥȴһողʶõϤӰ˹æͷһݣС㣬΢ĩУ岻ְ
˭ǲˣ˵ڰæ֪֪ж˵ҪַԱҪչˣﶼæòɿˣǻɵվŸ𣬿Ϸ𣿡
ڣ
һͣƤֹסһ飬ЩɫС㣬ôҲ֣ұֿ񵶵ͷҲҸǵģȥǲе㡭ʥɽҵģǡ
ðϰûѻ˵꣬ǵͷʾȥɱнҵʱһʥɽô
⡭
͵ۿһǵڵĿռѷ˷ӣֶϽɵĲ̲ס˿ĭ󣬻صͷˣҿǻȥչԱڰɣǰ̫Σգ
˵ţһȺһ뿪ǴͷɥԴįġ
ҶӢΣƵʥɽʷʫʱ̣ҲʷɱнκԼʵУǰĵСˡ
ۣ
һЦ˪ǲʵӽԶȥֿѵѽ㣬ǲ뽨ѫǰ̣òڿɣ̫ˣ
ߣ۸ֵͣѳɴʲôֿ񵶣ǰƴСؽһկͶˣʱס˵ҲҪȥ֪ߵغ񣡡
мƲƲ죬ֿԶ׿Ǿ޴ĺӰȻҼ׿Զзִ硣ðͷðͷðͷʱΣɷ죬һ·ôġѣһˡѣһɳ죡
Цŵͷ˪׿Ǿ޴ʥɵȴЩ
׿ԽԽӽ۷壬Ǹ˿ҲҪˣ

һ棬һǿĽɫβɨɽٴ岽ſֹסΡ
ӴĽɫ⼥ϼһʥɽˣҲˣʥû֮ˣ
üͷֹס˶ɽܣȻ˾ޣʥɽĵѾԽԽ١
׿ǰ·ҼʽͷҲôͣȴʼδġϣبδУȻǽͷöټ׿ű󣬸ǽսʥɽĩ·֮ѳɣŤת֮ܡ
ֻ׵ǣΪֻϵһǰǿ
ͷɣ
ʱ߿һƬУɽת׿һֻۣҲһԴ̾
ɽڣûա
ץץ򣬳߼㶪ʥɽΣֻҪǼţʥɽӻл£зϣϼһѾˣӲˣҪϵ׶ˣźĪ
촽ţɽʣ߬ȭͷܿ죬һԴʥɽ
£ͷһ̤ţԶȥͲսȥĵǣҲǷ׷ʥһԵԶȥ
Ұղ紵׷׿ôǾʹ˰һȻһâȥҲһԿӿȥɱ˿

͵쫷ٴκβһ˲ͷϬצ֣͵ץȥ̶
ܣûôף
ۣĪҪ̫飬Ĳ·𣿡ֹͫסһɽؽҧ⣬۵ȴ޾η塣
Ͼߵʮ۷壬൱׼ʵ
ǰʥɽλɽսһźʽѹһͷڣȥһȴǵս𣬲޵Ķˡ
ôһ׼۸ֲסҲǺˡ
̲סЦһɽвֲвĻȴǸӼͬʱ۵ֳŨŨŭɫˣ飿ӸƨĽԣ֮˵ǱˣβűɱӵܵģҪһûôף
䣡
һ䣬ǿµ˦βּ߷񷶼ѿ¶ڵɫ
ֹסһ飬϶ǳأǿһֻٴֵֵһܵסǶҲû·ˡ
׷ΧˣǼ㲻Ҳᱻ˺ֻЦ⵱ǶԸսȴҪ䵽ͷˡ
ֹס̾ͷһңȴȻˡ

Ȼڴʱһ췢֪һֻεĽʱײǾ޴˦βϣͽһβ˳ȥ
ӴΣǽڿзʮͷſֹס̧ͷԼβʱһѪӡǺȻǰ
ôܣл׼۸֣


1288 
ಣ
һ֪ðߣһɫףȫҲ΢΢âϬֻǰһۣ۶򽣴ĵĸо
Ƥᶶ˶ʷͷһΣ쳣
ˣǣϹŵǿߡ
䣡
ͬʱһܾ޴֮У䣬Ҳ׷ɳǿǵأϯ񷡣
׿Щʤ׷ǣҲǺıױȵǿƱƵϢһͣͣ۵ɢ𺧵Ĺâ
£һٴӳģȴǻ߸ӿǿߣÿһǷâȴɢżΪΣյϢ
һװڹӽеȥƺûʲôǽâһ¶ȻɽѣѪߣɱӰ֮У
׼۾
һݣ׿ɫ£̧ɨһֽۣŶЩˡû뵽ʥɽȻ߸׼۸֡
Ҫ֪ǸһĴڣҲʥ۷Ϊȴȫ¡ΪЩˣԼ۷ĴڣȻһʥ۷岻ͬն
ֻǰԣʥɽӦûĴڰҲȥʥɽҲûĸ֡ĻϢɲӳȥ
Ϊؼʱ̣ʥɽȴƫƫܳ߸׼أ
׿ĵЩ˼ˣҲһԭأǰһ
ǰ߸ƺǺǵĴڰЩǣĸ֪Ԥ˵ĲͬѰҲȫͣ£Ըǰˡ
ʱ䣬һ浹ϴ׷ܵʥɽӣȴǺı߸Īĸסȥ·ŵһԭء
Щܵĵû˶׿һۣҲЩסˣԡ
ףʥɽĸô֪
أЩҲˣֻǴؿǰ쳡̬չ
ϵ⼸˵ϢЩϤʱͯĿ׿ߣš
۾΢΢һУ׿ϸϸҲǵ˵ͷûȷϤơ
񽣵Ϣ
ģĽҵҲɫµؿԷȻǶģϤϢ졢졢졢졢죬Уƺˡֻǣƺһ㡣ΪǶԱ򣡡
˵ͷͯҲϸŵ彣һĸоǶԱƿأ뻯ѹִﵽ׼ʵȻҵﵽ׼ΪҲһսϧڻʱϵҪҪȳ˵
ؼǣڲǾˣ
۾һУ׿Ŷ˲ţͯȻص˵ͷ²̾һ
ûǷͣսǿ˵㡣˵ǰսƷչô߸׼۳ֺ󣬾ʲôɲˡ
ֻǲ֪߸׼Ƿʥɽ֮ˣǰΪʥɽ˵룿
һʱ䣬ڳ˶Щ
䣡
Ȼʱһ췢һ޴ӰŴӿ£˵ϣһƬضɽҡ
ȥʱȴǲһ˲Ǳˣǿ֣ɡ
Ǵʱ˿̣۵ȴЩǱҡҡ޴ͷվǶദҲʡʶ׿һϱϳ˺۲ˣϬĽۡ
ݣ
һƿٴδһ췢׵䵽ڳǰ׿˼ˣ²ٴһ
һ׼ۣ
ͬʱǸոջĶӵλɽҲƨߵߵظ˻ϵЦݶһˡ
ѾЩ׼۸־ǵġ治֪ƽʱЩ£˶ٸˣΣѹͷȻ콵ľʵǻ˰˱ӵĸ

һŭ۶ݺݵؿǺ췢ߣȵʲôˣΪҪϼһ
ûǺ췢̧̧ۣÿɷ񣬸߸ֲվһľͷƵģųһţǰȴҲԲ
ĮӣĮӣ
׿һУºɣתתѰ˼Ž֮
ȻĿǰҪΪУֻǲԸ׷ɱʥɽ֮˰ˡ˵ĻȫҲпˡ
Ͼ˭ҲԸ˸׼۽
۴ˣҾǲǸá
˭ʥɽĶԹձˣͷȻ׿Ȱ˵֮ﻹû˵꣬ŭһ˳ȥӵҺ˺ǣ
ۣҪ
׿𣬵Ȼֹˡ
Ǻ췢̧ƮƮؿ˿ǳľ޴Ӱ˶һۣǶһȻûһ˿ԡ
һ̣ȴˡ
һ޴ʥÿһﶼһĳգ̹ǣǸ췢߾УһƬâĿз񷶼𶯡
Ȼһ˸ǲ˼ĿУ˵޴ӰߣΧסϬĽâһ
ۡ
޴צ΢΢˲۾޴ͫݺݶţʯ֮䣬ûüһ£ֻһ췢ʺѪˮǶȫ
ţһ˲ķѣ˵Ѫ顣ֻеѪȻ˱˪еѪˮûУֻһƬڣעĿ
һУе˶ɵþˣֹס
⡭ôܣ
۰еǿ׼۸֣Ȼɱˣ
ֻ׿ϵ֣һٴγȻ׼ۣǰ˸Ҳʵ
ͬʵһаˣΣյ顣
ԭȡʤϧˡǲͨ׼ۣʥɵ׼ۡ
˵ף͸ʥɽһ㣬ǽְִģͬն
ǣһɲǵĹ۱̸ɵͷУһ˾ں֮ڣҲв
ৣ
֮󣬰˺ܸɾٴ䵽ǰʥ·ʲôûɰ㣬ɫƽ
ڴһֿ׿ͷʾ⣺Ȼֽ
ǰֽļ£³һ׿̾ǲܽ£ҲӰɡ̸ܰ˸ܽ·˵ۣ
ˣҲǲͣصԴΪȻ
ڷףһܽѾ޵£ڵã˸Ȼʥ򣬵ܽ𣬻ǲܽ
ǿԿ϶Ҳ׼ʵҲδǿŵ
ȻֻţˣȴǺͲܽһģʮ궼һľǿԱĴڡ
ϾʵǰͬĽͬʵȴرġ
뵽ٿ˰һۣ̲ס߬ȭͷ
˸Լ޽۷ڣҲǱ볬ԽĿꡭ


1289 ʦ
һľ
Ƕһؿǰĳǳ׾ˡۣȻңǿǽһ֮С
Щӵܣ˫Ŀͨ죬ȫȭͷ߬еŭȻȼա
ֻʥɽɽЩͷǣת龳ʱϲû뵽ͷȻĸִΣ֮УʵڱӰ
Ǻͷƨߵߵشȥһݵرȭ֪λǰմճ־ʥɽ֮飬Ϸ˸м
˶ǾҺ۴ˣӵܲŹǵģͨͨȻǻ£һߺǶȺ˻ѷεغǼ߿
һ̣˻𲻶ϣӵٴλɾɰǧǰӿȥѹѹһƬӿнǰһơ
ǰ˼ˣȴɲԲֻĮƣɫϲޱǰһ㣬ƽúܡ
ڣȫЩķŭֵ˼ûС
ѡ޿֣
Ƥᶶ˶׿һ𣬸æУס֣ȫͣΣ
ϧ۵ĲѾЩҰ޵Ŀԣ׿Ȱ裬ȴҲһˡǾ޴˦ŷľβ˫ͫɢѪɫһȥ
䣡
Ȼ֮ϣһ͵£ת˲ǿ񱩵ûӦô£Ȼһ쳹صľУ׷ѳѪһƬ֧գ۹򣬱һ㽦ȥȥԼ
ңǵʮϸ飬ĴָСҪ֪ǿɵľһ֮£Ȼʬ˵ز
Ƥֹסݺݶ˶׿˿һУȻȫˣ˵ɫŵɷףӢ۵ĺúӶʼԾز
ʥɽЩˣҲǾͶˡô˵Ҳǧɲǹ㾰ʵ
ӲԴʬ䣬˶쿴ȥȴһ󺺣ػֻۿģȴǸ֮ˡ
£ǰǰλ׼ۣҲһǹٲǰޱˡ
һ׼ۣ
˫ͫ΢΢׿̲ס˿ĭɫԽأұǰ˸׼۸µöࡣڣǰ֮󼰣
һٿǶ۴󺺣еĽء
ǰѾǲܽ𼶱ĸˣ֮˾Ȼǿö࣬ε
ңǰ˲ͬĽ󽣵֮һڤڤƺǵĽһޣЩϵⲻõ˸֣˼Ŵ˵·
ͯڽú󣬴յ׿ߵף˵ϢǰƺϤö࣡
ôãǰ˵ϢϤأüͷһ׿ţϾǶ󽣵УƲƺЩԨԴȫǡ
ģ׿ƺ뵽ʲôɫ䣬ָֻܿƽֻ۵ƽϺͳء
ɣôҶˡ
еˣµΣ죬η壬ϲãߺޣͬ
ȫû˵˵йžնɨڳһۺ󣬵ڣشˣ˫ս
һ˫˴˿һۣǳ³һ
ɽ˳ͷʥɽȹһ٣ĻʥɽǱ˼նɱɡ
׿ǸпЩȰܵģʥɽ̵ġȻ⼸ɷ֣ٶҲҪ˲ˡ
ǰ˸ܽȲᣬǰ˸ǿĹͷ۵Ľɫܲսٺòֻۣȴеԩˡ
պĴ㣬ǻȥӳɡ
ǣһĶ֣һĶѣ¶ƻֶࡣò˫оӹһٵңȴƫƫ˲ʶʱ񣬶
Ϊ˭ǶѾʥɽˣ˵Ͳƾʲô֮Уһг
׿ʱͫһɣȥȴǸĻʽǿߣƽҲһǿŹˡڼԷ˶ѣԼǿ߾ۼʲôµģΪʥɽģ㲻ôˣ˭ȥ
ȫЩͶߵ˼׿޲ǵĳ嶯
˼ƾʲôƾ˼ұǿ˼ҺȰ۵ȻˣʱƲԳԷƣһ㣬ˡ
˵ˣʥɽƨϵƾǵʵֲ㣡
ˣҰߣˣټ
׿ϱҵǰ˲Ϊһˡֻ˻ԼʲôɴУȵȣ׿ܼңҾҪң
Ķ֪๼ȫʬ
ǣ
ӵȣһĮСӣȴǿҪ޳ˣͬʱԴһʺţأ
ۿһУǶѵõػһݸȻֿˣ׿½ģˮḶ̌ǻʲôҪʵ𣿡
ʲôˮ
һʥɽͷǺ׿һֹס˶֣ȴһãȻƺȫƵġ
ˮʲôˣʥûôܴ
е˶OO@@Ǿָָ㣬ȻǲˮǺηʥ¾ȻףǸţ
ɽ˼󣬸ߣذˮ£ʥɽмպвǲǣ
ûлشһ۶ûУֻĮעǰ
׿ܼңʶˮ𣿡
һ棬׿ݺ˵ãγԱȣʵҼЩʥǰǣƺ˺İ
΢΢˵ͷ׿΢΢һУƺ˻䣬૵ǰˮĴʥ򼸺û֪ǲעְɣ
ε֪أ
֪ܲ
³һ׿ϾҲҰʦˡ
ʲô
һ׿ܼҵʦ
һڸİķеغɽˣͻȻУŵûһͷժȥͷѪ
Ȼת׿׿֮ɫ
ˮ׿ʦЩǰģǰʥɽİҪǰСӵģǿɾ͸û·˰
ŵö޳ˣɽ׿ͽĶǰѲҪҵ𰸡ǣȴǵЦϣҲϡ
ⲻͷ㷣һĶ
˵ˮһǧǰĳôڻȸϣٸǾôİ


1290 Լ
ͬڶ֮Ͽ˿ȴɿȻæʵ׿ܼң⾿ô£ˮʦԼ˰ɣ
Ҳδأ
˿׿૵ʵ˵ʦҲԼôΪˣû˫ϿɹʱҲģҲʽڣҲ޷ݣ˵ǰʦ
ԽԽͿ⾿ô£׿ܼҪ˵ˡΪˮ¶̫ǿǴ򽻵Ժ̬ȿɷǳҪ
ʵİҲûʲôûǸǾԶ֮ɣ
˵ͷ׿˵ǺܾǰˣʱһվΪʥϡʢ˲ٳңˣѵ˾Сˮˣ˰¡Ƕʱڣˮҵ壬̸ħĵáʱҲħЩ˽⣬ħʼǼ򵥵شա˵ûǰµ̸ģûڵ׿ҸħĹһɱأ
Ȼص˵ͷˣԭˣ׿ܼҸˮʦѣԲųǰʦɣ
ǵǣʱҲé®Сӣʸˮ۵ѣһֱѵˡ˵ʦѣǺԬϵĹϵһЩϾʱǶ˶ħĵãɻཻһˡˮȴûԼĵֻûб粵֮
ʧЦһ׿̧ۿǵҲǲ֪֮ԳΪʦΪǰУ̻ʲôݺ֮Ҳĵıԣֹơ˵СħڻңɴħҪ֪֮ħħģࡣˣҿԼħҵɶʦȴֲôħҲͬˣ͵ʦɣ
Ȼص˵ͷˣǺأ
Ȭ뿪ҳɰ˻֮ףҪٴΰݷˮлʱȴҲҲǸطˡ
вЩ׿ĵкܶΣҶǲһξϸûʲôСҲûˮڿһжġҲȥˣҲ㲻
һ䣬׿âؿ˽
Ҳǽƺϰ㣬¶һЦݣ׿ˮҪ㣬ϵط
֪ˣ
˵ͷֱת˶ȥǰʦûлĻǾʹϱҪٲʥκηˣ
üͷһôȥǸˮΣգ
˭֪أһм˵ɣ
³һ׿û˵ʲôһ̤˲˸߿գżеǸȥ
ͯˣҲϸϣǻ˶Զһ޴Ƕǰ̧һȴǽɡ
Ƥᶶ˶ͯɵɵһ˿ηˡ
ңⲻʵѹƣġƺǰˣĶͷ࿹
ؿһۣȴ¶һ˿ЦȥҲûãˮˣﶼģ㵽ߣҲ
ϵ彣粽룡һͯʮּ
΢΢Դ͵˴˱˴ˣҲˮ彣ҲߣΪûҪֻҪǰɱоУ
ضͯ˫ȭݺ߬߬ȴǲҶϤΣգ͸Ź죬ȴǰδĶ֣
£彣̸̸ɣ
⺢Ӿ񣬽ѵõ¶˳ЦݣȻҲˮȤص׿ߵģ
䣬Ȼһתವһ£ˡ
ͯһۣҲǸһţϡ
ʱ䣬ֻжս˫ǰ˸۶ǲš
ɽ˰ΣǸЦոˮ׿̸̸֪ЩʲôǺǺǡĴҲС޴ˣλҪ
ȫʥɽϣ
͵һ˦֣Ǻ췢˵ˣλ֣Ҳǰһ͸Ŀ⣬ʹһȺʥɽ־ۼһһطȥ֪Ҫʲô
һʱԣɽҲҶʣֻЩϣɽǰУ˭Ǵ򲻹Щɷأֻܷӣǡ
ˣ˼ǰ׿УҺϴȫȥˣϢ
ֻǲʱģлǳϾ׿ıԶǣûԵĻ
ɼĵȻˮԼĴ㡣Ǿ׿ԣˮɶʦ͸˵ˡ
ǰ׿Ķ֣׿ܿ׼סˣԵȴ·ˣͲòǶгˡ
ϣ׿ܼҶˣˮ޶ɣ쳤̾ҡҡͷ
ˣҲһأ̾Ϣѡ
һ棬Ծ˳ɽ룬Ρɽ׿ƾյļ䣬ϤɽǾ޴ٲµľ¡һ侫µĸ¥شٲԱߣԵñһζ
˿׿У΢΢ͷҵˣһֻΪεٻصҲأ
ݣ
һ׿ڸ¥ǰŸ¥ر˱ȭˮϣ׿Ӧһ
׿
Ȼ䣬һϤȴǶ쳹ߣôö
׿Ҳһ㶣еǣ
̤̤̤
һ·Сܣø¥ֱ֨죬Ǽ˳׿ˣɴϲһ˵ǰҵô֪ģ
Ҳ֪ˮģ
ҡҡͷ׿ųǵӣϲ⣬ܿƽ˼һȻԭˣӵʥɽߵģˮ
üͷ΢΢壬ȴãҡҡͷҲ֪ڵʥɽԺٴˡ
ǾͿ϶ˮɵˣʥ֮ͨܵģĿǰֻˣֻǡǺ⣿ѵҲǡ
˫΢΢һ£׿˼ֿڵֻһˮڲ棿
˫һ죬ŭصһۣ˵ʲôأܻбˣߣ
Ҳ˼ǡ˵ˮ
ڣüˣ˵һμ⣬ˣһɵ˼ţȻæ׿ǿ뿪ܹ죬ܴĸ벻ôģ
죿
üͷһ׿һתٿ·ȴǺȫң·ԳƵģվһ㣬ȫһģһǰһ·ɽʯ᾵·һӲˡ
þ𣿡
ţ׿ɫһ֮ͫУɫ৵һ£ȼռ䶼Ť
ͫһУǻþҲܶ籾࡭


1291 ̯

ɫۿһڣ̶ĺХ׿ܲ쿴һȦȴûʲôչջͫ
һԿô󼱣ô𣿡
ǽĻӦơ
üͷ壬׿ȴɻҡҡԴҿⲻ磬Ҳǻþҵһܱ࣬ɢޣ
°ͣٴسǾˣѵˣ
ˣǣˮж˵ʲô𣿡ģ׿ٴʵ
Դ˼ǰһ˵ͷ˵Եķģûв硣˵סҵҵģ
ġԼס
üͷ壬׿ţأ㯶֪ΨĹأ߳ʣһУΪ
˵ţ׿˿˫ԭءһԿţԡ
ˣ
Ȼһ΢ķ쳹ϣ׿ҲأεĲɢȥÿһƻ綼·ŤһƵġ˵壬ҲõŤš
ǿһУһ棬ǻȥһֻһס̧֣ߡ
һ˳ǹɾһ򣬲ˤǵֱһʱȴǸӾ졣
ԭǰڵǸɽȲˣٲˣǸ¥ˡ֮أǸƽСԺӣһ᷿ʮ־£ȴǸ¥еķһģһ
ɵغݺգգ۾ǿ˿ͷ죬ȵ⡭⡭
һֱ߲ȥǸɽȣ
׿ܣ׿ЦʵǸԺӶѣһֱԺдתȴΪԼϺķУȫǡ㱻ԼɢɣͻԶ
ϲ֢Ǵһϻͨô
ǻ׿׿ȴǵʱһֻͣʱ˿̣׿ͫоɢɫĹ⻷ԡ
ҲҺʩ߱ͬԴɣ
գգ۾ͫջأ׿Цһοĳǵֱ
ʱһ𡣳һһЩη׿䣬Ǹҹˮ
ްܸģ
̾һ׿ųһ·ǰһСԺӺ󣬵ʱһλʮҵԸȻԵãȴˮɡ
ǿЩ£㵽׿׿ǰһһݣ׿ݼˮ
ȻֹˮҲԼлع
Щľչ࣬ô֮߳ˣûпˮǻȻȡ
׿΢΢һЦΪ⣺ˣúԶǰ֪ʲôʱ򣬱êԵ֮ڣĸһﰡ
ǺǺǡǰôſˣȻܶ࣡
ͷˮЦһйȻһ֣ǰڳһڰӷһԵĺǺܾûˣһְɣҿĳ
һۣ׿ͷͽ̣
˵ţڳǵ£˶棬ˮصЦݡ
ȻһſŵĺڰУȡҶᣬɱʱһɱѽѷ֣ಮ١
ǰ࣬ôðˣžһһö£ˮЦ
΢΢ͷ׿ҲһźӣȻս̻壬һӵʧң۴֣ܳɴ£ģ
ɲֻǣˡ뵱ڵֱˣ
֮
ϧ㻹һëûģ
ȻˮٴοһۺȴЦҡҡԴ̾㻹ôϲƫ棬֮£һɴ˵ʮΣյġϾԽߣĶԽͨ֮£й֮ʱ򻹸Ҷ飬ֻнԼѨ¶Է·һ
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һöӺݺ룬ˮһ֣׿һժȴɱһƬʤʣɴ
׿ɫ΢΢˳¶һ˿Цǰ˵ұһСѣͨĴûñȡΪЩȴҪСϼƽأ۴ˣ
ôѾ֪𣿡̧ƳƳˮûκξ֮ɫ쳣ƽ
ֻгǣ̲ססͣŵۣϹʮ֮׵ۣɣʮ۶Ѿڤ۶ֻλ̬ڤ֮ڣ۾Ȼôܣ
ǰ༸۶Ѿ䣬ַôܻأ
ʧЦһˮȴǲٿǣǽ׿˫Լã
׿˵ʵԴӵ۴˵ĿͫкҾһֱ½󱻴ҵ͵ѧͨļһǺҽ֣һƺһֻ֣۴ˣ༸λ۾֣߳ҿϤĽ̵û£ô￴أʱҾڻɣһǷڲٿء
Ǳǰǿˣܸоˣ΢΢һЦˮڰֵ
׿ǰո˵Ǽ£ӦҲǴӷİɡΪϣʥϢʱҾЩоƺҪϴˣ͵ѧ˺ˡǵʱҶʱȻ򣬲һСҪ˺ңҪҡڵĻͲңˣ
žžž
֣ˮЦ˵ĺеһж۵ĻϲųҲأ
ˮ£һгɿգ̧۽׿Цˣѱݣֻû˸ⷽˡ˭뵽Ϲŵһ۾ˮݣϷ˼أҸոǺԺеı£ǿͫأÿ𣿡
ˣ
˵ţ׿ͫȻ˸ɫĹ⻷ֻҵĹǳԿĲҲֻһռþѾܽþֲ˵УҲĻûô״ǻþӳǰɣ
׿
ؿ۲ЦȥףȥˣҶĿ࿴
л۾̧һ˿Ҫʵ۾ſھһħţɺϰɡںõ¼طתӦҲԤ֮аɡֻ²֪Щ߸ϵĴһֱСҪʲô
ڻѨ׿ҲͻȥˣûõĻ㰢ķҲɡüֵôͽ̽࣬Ҳν
׿ô£еԽԽҲڹ͵۾̯ˡ


1292 ˿
һۣȴ¶һ˿аЦݣ·𳰷㣺Ȼ֪ԼǸС˶ŵһӣӦףûȨѡֻбڲķݶҲѹҪ֪Ϊʲôο·Լѡôҵĵܵܰ
㡭ʲô˼ֹסһ׿һ
ûлػֻЦҡͷ²ףҲˡ֮ҪףȻڸ̹вˣҲͱΪˣ
ôͿ϶һģ
˵ûѡأһ³ǵķЦ
һ׿˼ȭͷ΢߬Ĭ
̧һӣ˵һ죬ռһ󲨶ȻѿһһͨƬﻨĴ֡
ָָ׿۵ڣȥĵ۾û
ۣʮصۣ
һ㶣׿üͷᶶ˶³ۼھ¼жֻи䣬ȴûйܣ͸䴫ˡ
ֻǡ۾Ĵôõ
ȻһЦ۲ÿɷ񣺡˻Уһԡô˵ȥȡ۵Ҳǵļƻ֮Уİɣ
ǡ
۾΢΢һУ׿¸ɻ󣺡ָڤȡߴҲȥȡǾʲô֪ȥģٸң
׿̫ˣǺǺǡ
ֹסЦȻգǵǰ̹ģԽϸ߲㣬ıԽûôҶǿϲöȵϸںʹֵƿءҽһĻЩϼһȻҲϵˣɻִмƻҲһǰ壬˭ܿõƸı򣬵ǻֳʤһֱӣǰӣ𣿡
ؿһۣ׿ٱ粵ֿ˿ǵǵݣһĵ񣬱㾶Դͨ˴С
һ·֦ȥΪ鶯һľûɱû˵ƣûй֮ȫǸ֮Դһ㡣
ֻЩֵǣÿһֲҲһǳ˫ɶԵһ
ͺɳֻŷУֻһӲݶһԶһΪ졣
Ҳֻͷ̫ǹ¼ҹˣһֹع˰ɡ
̧ͷһգ׿ʧЦһܿһ㶣һߣһҲ
ڣǳ˫԰¶ͬһ
ݸ׿ǰУһ·Ҳûʲôʽ֡õ۾Щ⣬ûаػ磬Ҳǹˣ˿ûа
ڤɭֲķΧ۵ƽ׽ˣ·Ѱ˼һ㡣
ֻôƽĵطͨôԼƫҪأ˹ˡ
׿в⣬һ·Ҳʮ۵ĲͬѰ֮ԼǾʲôüֵ
ã벻ͨҲͲˣҲߵͷˣһɽ̧ͷһ˿֣Ȼӳ
׿ݼ۾ˣ
˿׿ðڶڱ£ߺ
ûжѻȸ׿֣и̣۲ڼңָ·ˣǳҪٴγ
ǻûڣȻһĮŮ㡭ˣ
ǰ΢΢һͣ׿˵ͷҲȷԣԭ˾һֱЩ۾ƿţÿһλ۾ڵ
˭ģģٴδ
׿Ҳֵ۾ȡĵ۾ģ
ôȻôʱ䣬ûˡǾ˵Ķ԰ʤ滹Ҫˣ
ɽдһЦ׿˵ʲôţ۾ԸĻͻȥ
ҵôʱ䣬˺òˣв֮
Ȼ䣬ɽбϴһ߳ţವһһ߲ϼɽзɳ
׿ûӦô£ǵϼȻ˲ڣʧˡ
׿һ죺⡭𣿡
Ȼڿˣ
ǡôڤǲһأԴ׿ҪĶҪ̫˵㣺Ҫʲô𣿻ǽ̵⡭ǲ̫һ㣿
Ȼˣ㻹ʲô
ðɣ
һͣ׿ŭȣȴǸԻٴιһݣת뿪ôǣ۾أ
Ǻɵ۴뿪ˣһӵĹ򣬱ֻصǸͨǰٴοһĵط׿ʼ磬̤һ棬ʧ
ǣ֪ǣ뿪һɲǣǰĵط˲ʧһԶԷ治ˣͬԵ澰Ҳˣֻ󣬺ѹѹһƬƬƣڿձ£ʬأ񱼣ѻŷ裬ʱɵϵ⡣
ǰã˲仯Ϊ˵
ۿһУɽһ̾ϣһĶҩңҵƣҲٲ̤˿һȡҵĵ۾غܿˣǵʱ䲻ˡ꣬׼𣿡
ɽ֮Уվһ˪ıŮȴʧѾõİɡ
˵ͷ
ˣ
һ΢ɽнۺɫĹâ
ϱҪˣһΡҵһ˿ŴҲдڴˣͳȥ֮գɢ֮ʱҽ꣬ƿشһΡͬʱҲֲס棬Ը𣿡
ǲҪֹôʱ򣬻˵Щʲô̧ۿ˿ɽ
ĬƬ̣ɽٴŮûгޣǧټֹǵͬˣ׵ĶԹûκιϵԸҺοΪ۵棬ұȷ⡣Ͼ֮ʯΪҪƿҪ֮ſɡڤңضǾʸ񣬵ҲֻһԸˣܷ¡
ֻ֪Ҿǰ棡Ȼ˵꣬Ƕѵõһ˿ѵЦ⡣
һУɽҲû˻
źһɽһƬʵĹâȻ͵һ˲ѹ˰ڡ
һ꾷£ɫһ鴤ƺ൱ʹ࣬ܿ滺˫һɼΪֲ͵ͷų
¡¡
ɽ˲ԲǧХһ㷭ѣϡ
һ̤Ų֮㣬˲ɳգ۲Ӱ
һ棬С֮⣬һſʥʯأһʽȻʱڿ˪վ棬ʼᶯӡ
һԿţɫ£˪ƾʽĿԾ׿ܼ𣿿׿ܼҶ󷨵裬Ǹˮûκʤԣ㡭
ʽǶԸˮģΪ·ģ
Ƥ΢΢˶˪ƺ൱ʹࣺ潻ƼҵʹΪ׿·
һ䣬߲ϼ˪أ籡һɼΪֲƣֱ˱ƵһͣĿɿڴ


1293 
ʵϣҡ
ĿۣǿҪɽϦǻһ˿ЦǸһ䱸Ľͯ
ûлͷһۣȻڣ·ַ·˵㣬ţܿԸҪˣҲҪ徲ˣ
ûлػֻͯ䶢
ʲô֣׿һۣЦ
ͯ
˸
Ҹףżᶨͯ
ȻһЦĻҡҡԴ˵аԼ彣
ְ㿴ʲô
ⲻģȻһЦ죬³һָ֮֮ĽĶǽġҺͬһˣֱ˴ˣ
˰㵱ֵܿ
ֵܣֵܻģҺԶһģ΢΢һЦĿͯҪģҪġˣ˵ĺ㣬ǰ㵱ӣֺγūۣҪڲҪϸТ֣˵αɼһߣ
ߺߣΣ
һЦͯмƲƲ죺ֻǰɺһˣ˵ײָһԼѡ˵ĺҪõͬһˣ˵Ĳ㣬ĸƷûа˸񡣵Ҹ״ӣȴûǿȹ·ˣҲֻһѽѣҲ㡣˭˵ūأ
Ƥᶶû˵ֻ񷣬һŵ飬͵һ˵ôӡϹʮۣγʮҲֻһˡ˷дֻΨһƣΪԼơ彣ָһһ磡
Ǹϵʲôϵûǵǰɣ
⵱ȻйϵˣҪһǶҲã˵Ҳգһˣ˵һˡ
۾΢΢һ£Цһ¶Ȼ֮ɫĻžüĿˣ򣬺ǺǺǡ
ֹסһ𣬽ͯüͷһһ˿
ৣ
ʱƿӰسڶǰŽĹһݣˣһжˣ
̧ȥȴǰ˸֮
ȻصͷĻ˻֣ȥȻֿͯЦ֪Ƕʲô׵ǿߣһ׷۷ˡԽˣ󼰵ƿʱԽеܡûʧܹǣĻ൱꣬ҲüΪСʱվ˵ǵԸǱͷˡһǿһͷҲ̧ˣ˵ıӣ
˵ǶԷסʥĲߣ
֮أسǿˡϹ֮ʥطǳʲôˣֻзףÿʮ꣬һ
˵ͷЦܿб¶Σǿ׼ϣζ޷ǰһ߰ӱųˡԼʼѰȻԶʧȥ˳Ƶۿܡ
ΪǱͳƲ˵ۣۻŵĻȻռˣǽţͯȳ
һ̣ĲÿɷҡҡͷʹˣʮȻʮλǲ䡣ȻЩѣֻҪ辶ɵߣͬΪҲһ£˭ǽ档ͯϹиѪħ棬ӣֻһѡϧˣĴ˵һֱΪʮ棬ûôˡС㣬𣿡
ضǹ񣬽ͯ˫ȭ΢΢˽н˸ս⡣
ûǸˣ˰˵Ļ
̲סЦһСԴ̾߰ɣȥһ棬Ҳһ桭
˵ţһ̤ţ뿪ˡͯһҲϸϡ
һĹ򣬶۵ǸСԺʱ˿̣ȻʯǰŪźڰӣĹâ
һԵĳݽǣŲʱǿռͨȴ׿
ĺͽͯ¡
һȭͷһȻ
ܺã
Ƴ˽ͯһۣҲû⣬һԵĳһͯȵôҲˣΣյģ
أûлػͯѯʡ
ɫת׿һ۱ͨ̾һȥȥˣҺۻͷ׿ȥǡ
ҡԴǾ׿׶༪١ͯˣҲɫЩ
ˣ
Ȼһ׿Ȼشͨ߳Ƕһϲ׷ӭǰȥ
̧ŵâЦ˵ʲôţǸŮһġ
õˣ㻹ҪʲôΪޣ׿ֻ̾
Цһ΢΢ʼ磬һ֣ƽĵһ󸡶ֿһͨͨľͷЩдʥɽǣɽҲȻС
ֻʱ˿̣ƺȻʣ²ʡˡ
龰׿⣬ۣ֪ʲô˼
һЦĿڣΪͳˣħ󻯾Ȼʥ߳ڣһЩܴﵽʥ۷ˡľܵô۾ִУȻ͡Ҫﵽ۾ֻʣѻ˰ɣ
ʲô
һ׿ٿЩԵˣ˼ҽǵĹ𣿡
ȻҪȻֹɱЩ˸ʲôʥɽӸڣΪȹ̣ʵߣЧðɡ
㾿ҪʲôҳƵ𣿡
͵ڳȫˣ
Цһ¶һа죺Ȼⲻֻңλ۾ҲôϣģĴô۾Ĵʲô
ǲһĿģ
ôأƺԼݣһӣûּۻ۵ȨЦһƳ˳Ǻͽͯһֿۣ򲻴ĻҪһˣΪˣαصôʱ䣿
Ƥᶶ˶׿˿Щˣֿۣӡһȫֱðգ۹򣬱һ㣬Ѹٽû
Ҳûʲôӳڰ˯У̼仯Ϊ˻ҷɣɢ١Щӿ׿ڣҲڲϵ߰
ۿ۹Цб±ħ󻯾ɣɸͽЩһǰɡģħ󻯾ɣһǲƫҪȡ̫ವѹֲס塣ľԹĵħ㶼ûˣϽҿ
ã
°һ׿һȫȫ籩ϯˣ˲ͽǻΪҷɡ
龰Ǻ˶㣬صͷȻڵζݵʱ⣬ֵܶˣ̽һͳĻɣϹʱǴδսǰһ
˵ţ۵еһ


1294 
üͷһ׿ϺϨȻˣĬ˵ȥ
ɳʣ︴գһƬ֮󣬺Ȼ棬ʱ򣡡
ƳһۣۻվȻŲţֺ󣬱㽥飬ħܵħսûҲûħ˵Ҳ˵еԴ֮ϣ˵ػǷòԴأ
׿ħϧһħߣ̸ħԴЦ𣿡
ΪѴﵽħ۷壬ϤҲҪĳһ䣡
һЦƵشյߣȴǺɫһ䣬г˳ɱ⣬ͳɤаǷѾ飬޿ɾҩˡǡĸǰɣ
Ƥᶶ׿һۣĵȷնǳ
ûʲôô꾫ħһֱѰòñ췣ԵɣСħ޵ħƶȻҲȫʵһ֧ңǷ˰ɣ
ʲôʱ򷴶Թ㣬ҷԵĪ
һ󸹷̣׿ԡһԵĳˣ˼ȴǹǿжͽⱣҲĺ壬㲻Ϊ֮еĶ񣬱Ƶһ氡ô˵Ȼǵ۾Ҳߣ𣿡
ǰ࣬Դ޳ɿ֮𣬱㲻ˡ޵һгɿգҵһʶſˡƵߣأзؼĶҵΡ
һЦаƲƲ죺Ϊ࣬ҲȷĸԴ䣬һƬ˵֮ƺôǺǺǡ
һЦм֮ɫ
ˣ
ģʱһ׿͵һȫȻţ˲ʧ
ۿһۣصͷǳãħ󻯾쵽˼ôһ󹤷Ȼʥˡֻǡһ㲻Ϊô£ô˵ˣе찡ǺǺǡ
˱ڷ״һλѧͷع鱾棬ӦòЩ͵İɣ
Ӧòǣʮ֮Уû˵ôŹֵĹңʮ۵ĹǸԴ£ǳأȫǸߴϵĶⱾȻΣ̫ͨˣǷ
΢΢ʼ磬۲ÿɷ񣺡ħ󻯾ⷲ˹ҲӰʲôģصģǺǺǡ
˫Ŀ׿ȥ۵ĵ٩Լ
΢΢һЦȥţֿǵոճ˵ʲôƺ壿ߺߣαĶЩν֮֮ģڸԼħĵ߲ˡƨĹϵ
ҪԼ˽ģպͬԱҸûʵĽڡʲôħе˵ײԭһռǲв˶ѡûԭ˭ֺãҲɳÿһεжĴβ׬߰в˳ˣһΪ˶ս𣿡
һͣǱҭ˵Ҳȥֿ׿Цһ㣬׿ӦᡣԸ˻ʺʥɽʱǸѲŶ֣Ϊûʵͷ𣿷ĻܶǣҲᱻȺ֮衣Ҳ˵СӷһˣУСħħˣýĵ׵ħԷӳΪã
ɷϵǣЩˣľģô࣡
ˣ
ģһ׿ٴһǣʧǳɹͻƵʥߺھ磬ΪҲؾ˫ƺֳǵϤӰ
ֻˣѾþòˣ֪ǻ
һۣȻһЦҴӲϣĴڣϡ˼䣬ģһǵУʵ츲صı仯ҲĳЩСħаࡣ͸ն㣬Ӧ˽һ㡣¼ɿģġʹ˲ħһ硣νƣħ֮ǰ̥ˣ绹ǻģ𣿡

ӿĺǳǧʥɽ֣ȻһѶ촷ֻۣûӲдš
׿һֱǵʥ۷壬۾֮ʱ
ۿһۣʱ¶ʤЦݣ֮ͫУʮɫĹ⻷ԡ
ܵܰһ㻹ûа취˵ҡô͸ʱ˵õһ㣬һ֮ҵʱϾΪɣ
䣡
һ䣬ıӣһž޴ͫȻ˵ͷϿգԲʮɫĹ⻷˵ǡ
׿һʱѹôܶ·ѹһɸɽ㣬ȫͷѹˡ
ۣҪʲô²ɴ󺧣׿г
һЦռǼϼһĵ۾ȫɡͫʮأն
ৣ
ʮɫĹ⻷Ŀ֪ΪΣ׿еȫӿͣƤһƬ죬˿˿ѪƼ㣬ƤƯȥʲôҪƵģ

ʱһ̶ľҲ֮׿󾪣Ťͷȥȴͻ˫һͻ̲סҧء
ԭʱ˿̣ҲһΪʹźţȫƺҲʲôҪ籡Ƶġ
ۣҰ£Ҷˣ
Ϊ۾ҵȻԶšһŵģֻûǣЦһת׿нɫ⻷
ۣ
ģһ췢һ߲ϼ͵ԳڷɳֱϾ죬˲ʧϵľ޴֮ͫС
ǡ
ڵģħ۾ĵĵ۾ڹˣЦһ۽͵
űһͨһ˵ϣ·йƵģɫ԰ףȴ̧һָûˡ
һУ׿߬ȭͷȴǰڰ֣ȰģֻҪڴ˺ϢһͺáҲһˣʱɲ֤ѣǺǺǡ
ۣ۾ǳֵԸܡ
ǶЩ˶ԣҿۣͫʮصĿնܽκζ棬۾ڡ
׿ɻЦЦȻе۾ĹҲҲûô׵֣ϧ׵úܡô͸ˣҵĵܵܣǺǺǡ


1295 ·ã
ɢһ˷Цݣʮɫ⻷貶Ŀ׿ҲоǿҪѵʹʹ

ۣ
һҵĺУһ߲ϼһ׿͸ɳǰǰһֱ޴ͫȥתʧ
Ե۵ĴˣߺߺߣһЦ¶Цݡ׿˻ѷεؾ޺һֻֻ߲ʹ⻷Ҳ
ǴڴڴŴۼ׿ʹ˻֪ģǰƺЩ㱣һģĻ棬Ҳ
ƺʱҲĳĺȼԼϵʹҪʹöࡣ
ɵãЩʣһ׿ȥȴûжÿֻƶ׶ѣռɬţ׿
ͯһԿҲǴ󼱣Ҫǰæǿͫѹʵ̫һֱڵأôҲ޵ѡ
ס
ۡ
һ죬ϣ߲ϼ⣬Ǿ֮ͫͫڣ׿ɫҲԽԽҰףϵѪȪӿ
ڣһϼɳʱ׿û˻ˡ
һ۵ĴҲˣһЦ̲סЦȻӮûǱҪȡ˵
°ͣ
ȭͷ﷢ǱͯݺݵҪĶѾˣϽҸף
ССͣǾ׿ͬħͦТ˳ģбƳƳ۲Цϧ˵һ㣬ҪĶûȫأܷţ
㻹Ҫʲô
˵ߣ׿ħ󻯾۷幦ͫһۿͫеĽɫ⻷ӴĿ

·ǧ򵶶һ㣬Ȼ׿ٴ˻ɤʹ쳣ش˫ͫɳˣѪˮֹסб
һ̣˺˺׿Ѫ⣬Ȼֽһ㱻˺ѿڹʵĺѸջۣʧǾ޴ͫС׿ĺҲûһ˿ͣȫɣȻ꣬Ҳʱ¶ǰڱͣذš
ģ׿û˻·Ȼȫ
ͯǿ˫Ŀͨ죬ŭţȻȫߣȥ𣬾Ҳûˣģ
Լѡ·ˣ͸³͸ԼһҪɴɣ
ۿǽâЦϣܵܰӮˣҲʧܡΪû㣬ҲӮ͵ҵ̤ʯɣҲģȻҲٷ̵Ļᣬˡ
ף
׿
ͯͳǶôţ׿ȴһֻڻһԴԻ辿ô£˭˭ˣһ۾Ū⸱ģ
ˣ֪ǰûбҸͿԩˣ

ǣǧһ֮һȴǶ÷񷶼ڲϵ𵴣ֻ޴ͫǺݺݶ˶󣬽ɫĹâࡣ
ֻʣһ˿л׿һɣоԼȻȻ쳣ǿдһϢ
ͯһᣬҲѹˣ͵վ̧ͫȵѹʧˣ
ʲôˣ
˫ͫɺݺ֮ͫʮɫĹ⻷֣ͫɫž˸͵ؿһʲôûе޷
Ҳɫһ࣬￴ȥ˭ܴ۽֮أ
ৣ
һһϤٻӰգۼ˲ǰ˫۲ţǿƣ񷡣
ꣿ

²һ£׿´󾪣һϲг˾ǡֻ˭ףôһţˡ۵ĵ̣˵˵ʹȫ֮
Įؿ˶һۣĲл꣬Ҳǰۣ꣬ڽӣӳ죡
ǣۣһ˿跲֮͸ҿڳԣδ̫˰ɣ
Цһ۲ÿɷˣǱĿ磬˿磬ܷʲôң۾ûˣһ׼ʵôҶ
Цһ̧ۿ˿Ǿ޴ͫ¶аЦݣ˭˵û۾ˣ𣿡
ҵĿɵĵ۾𣿡
Ϊˣűɣ
üͷһ¶˽֮ɫۣ˵ôԵġϣһ֣޿ײ룬޷첻ꡣҵƣô꣬Ͼôط벽Ҷմ𣿡
ɫһͷһŭҲñ۸ǰϼһƴ͵ϮóѡңûǲФܵܵİ͵ϮΣοҲҴ꾡ɢֻʣһ˿͵۾ܻܵˣʲôɵɪģ
ǵɪֻ˵һʵĿǡһ飬ٿò׽һų޳ɿֽգѰ·
һʱһʱ۷徳ħ󻯾㵱ڱϵҲᱻһɶʲôϵߺߣۣˣ
ǵδãؼǡڻ𣿡
Ƥһɫ˲Ĭ
һЦӡһȫһۺâɢգաϵֻ޴ͫҲأһͫϵĹâԽԽ
ߺߣֻǽҴɣδü⡣ұ㻹ƿش֮ʱҾͽ飬ȾΪ

һȻӲȴµúܣֽͬӡľͫâࣺҿᱻ˵Ⱦġһ˿һʩչ۵ܳŶãһӲⷲ˾ҪˣͬĲһ𣬺ߺߣ
ʲô
ʧɫ׿ã
ҵǡ
һӣˣ
ǻһ˿ȻĻȣת׿׿һӣϽߣ
ߣôߣ
ȻһЦ۲мһӵʱ䣬ˣ
ಣ
䣬һӰͯǼ׿ǰȥ˭˵ˣǰлҺϵ£˵δлᱨˡ
ಣ
ȻĻδ䣬һƿ𣬽Ȼ˽ͯߣסȥ·
֨
һͣͯʱͣɫһƬءһˣҲһĪչûаŴӮ
һûκγ·ˡ
Ͼ˼֣ǲŸһλ۾һжݵʱƣô
·ƺԽԽãˡ


1296 ǳ
ۣôΪ֪֮㻹ʲôô龰۵
Ȼһһ͸Щͬԭǽ档
ѹˣԼһֱеĪѹ޷ƥеӣǸΪԼĽͽ
˵ףԼʦԼз֮
Ƥֹס˶ȻѾ²⣬õ֤ʵͯ»ֹסһü
һ£ӳȥˣ̸ܰ
ضŽͯţȴǶ۶ۣǶʮΨһĵ۾彣׿ǶᱳԼˡ
ǲ뱳ѣֺγŹ㣿ˣĵ۾أΪֻ׼Ϊڱ˭ժˣ
û˵۳Ĭ
龰ȻȻأһЦ㱳ѣԾͿĵ۵аı֮ģͻ㣬ǰɣˣ㻹ǰǸҪΪѡۣ
Ϊȷ˼䣬մȾҿ˵ҳϣԼұ֤Ժʲô뷨۽ҵ۵УȷѡΪȻ
ͷ޺޵һ䣬졣
ЦһĸҶ꣬Ψһ֪ǶĲɿ󡣼ҽ۵УҲʲôŻţֻǰ죬ܱƾĴµĺáһı䣬ͻɴ˵ԭ򣡡
ߣ㻰ɲҪ˵̫磬ʤûأ
ô
üͷһЦǻǻ𣬺¡һ죬ٴڳ˶𵴡
ţ֮ϣһǳ׹䣬ҵ֧飬Ȼ򽣵
ͫݺһǿֲѹóһѳųձһҿһſǻ˷顣ǵȴֱ飬ֹס
Ƶ۵ǳ䣿
΢΢һ۴󾪣Ҳǲ˼ţⲻܣƵ϶Ϲ䣬д棬Ҳǿĵ۾ѵ˵
ȻһЦӡɢͷȻð麹٩ۣ˰ɡǽ۵۵ԷƵǳ֮ϧĵ۵֮Уһ׼Ϊ򵲲סƵ۴˰ɣ
˵ţֿ򽣵ڣȻܵסǽڽڰˣâ
ʮ۴ÿһҪӦľʩչҸܼԦ˵ġֿ֮飬£һӣֵ
۶õǶ׿֮ˣԸģ
΢΢һЦ۵˵ͷ
Ȼֿ˿ǳţƵ۴ļ̳ӦĻ£ͨأƵֱϵ˷ɣŷƵ۵ġֻˣҲҪΪ׿֮ģܽӵ£ﵽƵ۵ˮ׼ֻǡСôԸΪ𣿡
ۣ˵ƿ㣬֪ΰ󣿿ҡ
ǻһ˿䣬ؿһ׿ĵֲǲ֪ܵķȣɣɲһǺǺǣ
֮·˲·˵˹ϵһ۹һʱ䣬Цмӣûʱӳˣˣ
һ䣬ͫٴҫӡһͷǾ޴ͫɢĿâ
ۣ
ֹס˶ˣɫ˲԰Ѿ󳱺죬˿˿ѪˮڲϴƤ͸·ո׿һۣѪˮͬˮһϾͫȥ
ۣȻĩ·
Сӣ㻹Ÿʲô׿뿪
ǣ
һſǳ䣬ƷǷͯ˴۴ȣŷӦæ׿ȥǱϯ
һȴ⣬ͫһɣټһһɿ͵ĳʱҵؿڣٴνƵ³һѪ
ʱ䵽ˣˡӣժˡһжˣ˵ĵ۾ǡ
ݺݶ̧׿ͫâԽ貣Ҳ̲ס󼱡
ৣ
ȻΣѹͷһҫ۵İɫâô˲ԺĿյϣյһƬ
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һ۲ɵţǰһͯСһ׿лӵǹâУ죡
һˣͯ˵ͽ׿ǰһƣ˲ӵ֮С
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ԣΪ׿ֳʲôˣ󼱡
ۼǳԽͿοǷģƵ۵ǳữǳ֮ת˲ţǵ۾Ҳ׷ˣߺߣ
˵ţۻؿһۣȴֻɫʵ߬߬ȭͷȻɿ
ǻҪȥ
Ƕģ
ǺãҾǴ˿ϣȥһǾġҪĶˣһֻ˵Ĳл꣬ûʲôˣ
ĿԴɣǺǺǡȻЦ۵ӿʼۺĹâɢ
׿ˣһæǰ˼˼
СӣŮûôɵΪ˵˸ô࣬Ĵ󷨣ųɹõġȻӣһΪ²ˣ׿
˫ջۣޱ飬৵һ£ʧˣȫһѷۺĹ㣬ɢ١
׿˴ҲǺһ£ǹ⣬ǹһʧ
ʱ䣬ֻʣĸˣۣۣͯͳǣˡ
Ŷʧڣ˼죬ζӳ¡
ৣ
ôʱͯһǾߣһɳ졣۵Ľոձƻͯʱ˳ȥûа谭
ۼöȥ۳³һۣҪ𣿡
أ˵˷ǣͷǡ۾ĻԶ֮
ҡҡͷ۲ȻһЦֿʧĵطţոѾͷʱ۵ĲѾʧ˰ɡ
ǰûʲôɹԣ۵ĻƵġ
˵֮еȷпɹ֮ϧ
ҡҡͷ۳̾һ˵˵Ƕôȷ顣ôģչһɡҽƽ⿪ǾȥֻأѵĽ磬ֻشɴļƻɣ
΢һͷ۶ǣ


1297 ױ
ݣ
ʯӿռʣͯųһ·񱼣ʱ󿴿֮ɫȻδ˭׷ٶҲ˿
εĵʵ̫ˣǸûз֮
òϣʵıԣǶԼ͸һأ˿ûпɱԡϹŵϹӳͲˣĻҵ
ᵽʲôӣ
ףȺһʲô
ȻͯһȺϤӰʱһ˼Ƭ̺һ׹㶸øȥ˲ǰȴǵǣʲôߣСĳˣС
̧ۿͯ㶣ű밧̾һĬȴҲ
֣ͯʵôˣ
ո˪ﲻ֪ΪΣ˸󷨣ˣ궼ɢˡ̧һʥʯĵطָָֹס̾Ϣ
ͯˣҲ֣ˣô£
˵Ҫ׿ܼңԼʽɢˣһЩĹ㣬γӡ
ָָ̧һͨ˶겻ѡ
ͯһƺҲһЩԭˣոǽߵͨǰ˴æˣ
ڲǰ̾ʱ˸ϽߣҪ׷һ߲ˡ
ʲôۣŰ
ϻҪô·ʲô
ǡ׿ܼأ
һѾȻȥ˵ˣ˻֣ͯߴٵɽڣûգǻȥٴӳ飡
䣬ͯһ̤ţĳǣɳ۳ȥ˱˴˶һۣҳɣҲæϡ
գ۹˾ȫʧˣֻǿյһƬĪʽͷҫ۵ӣɢ貶ĿĹâʱǳ䣬Ѥ
׿磡
Ʈǿռ䣬һϤöڶϡ׿ͨãգʱ£Ŀǽ׵ʥ⡣ת׿ȥӰһ΢ЦؿȫһϮȹЩʣɢӯӯâ
˪㡭
ɬɤ׿վ𣬿ЩõӰƺȻʲôһʹƵ۰ŵİɣ
΢΢һЦ˪˵ͷΪ⣬Цݻôá
¶һ˿ɬ׿̾ǺαأƵ棬ҲϹŸֵĶԹұһֱţܲˣֺαطҪΪأ
Ըģ
Ը
üͷһ׿˼ȻͷŶˣƼһϵ¡ոƺ㣬˪ƢԣȲ£һ׵ˡֻΪˣԼһˣֵ𣿡
˱һҲ޷ԱҲһ𣿡
ȻһǷ񱻾ȣ㶼ҪǶԣʲôͬҲ𣿡
в֪ͬ˻ҿ磡ǻȻ˪쳣
ȻһЦ׿СԴͷ˪˪Ȼǰһ㡣񵱳֮սһҴӦ㣬һᾡġ׷ѣ
˵ţ׿ȻЦŴ˪ԲֻǵЦݣȴЩɬͬʱؽ˸ӡȻɿˡ
Ϊ֪˪ֻһƲܿͻɢĻ
պʤΣٿˡ
׿磡
ģ׿Ǻ֮·ǰʱ˪ȴٴ᣺ֻ㵽ˣԺ󡭡ҿ磬ĵط
һ׿һ𣬵ʱס
ȫΪƵ۵˼ͰţΪ²ģֻΪһ˶ѡΪǸˣԼǲ
ֻΪԼһġ
˪
һ׿͵ػͷǻתΣವһȴ˲٣ҫ۵ǺӴʧˡ
ʱ䣬İǿֻʣһʥӰƯǹȻЦ⡣
ǰΪԼĺܴܽ²İΣʱ̷ܷԸʱҲģΪ²ֱոգҲŷ֣ԭҵĺСֻݵһ˶ѡ
ңң׿ʧķ˪õҲڽʧǽ˵öԣǶСŮˣװ磬ֻװһ˰ˡˣ׿硭
ৣ
׵ʥ˲䱬ѣǳϲ񷣬һ߲ϼǱĹâн𣬷·һΰ㣬Եء
ž
ʱһֻצǰһץǲϼУһȴǽɡ
˿ۿǹ貣صԴһ£Ƶ۵ĵ۾Ҳˡ׿﾿мƿأʤƺȻˣ
˵ţһתʧ
һ棬һ侫µ鷿УȻһؿһųϣŻƵ͵ƣе
ԴӽǱ𣬼ҳñȻѵö࣬ûʱֻ̻µʱ徲˲١
ʱ˿̣Ψһʹڵȴ׿ǰˡ
ž
Ȼһı췢Ȼһæתȴ鷿λã߸߹һƣɵѳ飬
žણ
е䣬ϣȻ͵شˣˣ
ôˣүкηԸ
Ǿɫԣæѯʡ
ɫǰδеأȻϴѶ󷨴ʦָص㣬׼󣡡
ǣ
͵һͷѸȥȻǿѵǰ£вʱ𵭵ɫǰԸ飬һ˴鷳ֶΡǧ°
°ͣ
˫ȭݺݽ˽Ȼżᶨ֮ɫ
ԭǵ۶λã˶ʮλ󷨴ʦʮһϡȻҴææøе⻹Ϲ̵ȷˡ
ǲ׿ʲô£ħҪжˣҴǰＱһԵϹҲһͷɫ׿ҵǸʥǲǳˣ
Ҳ˵
ҡҡͷȻ£ǰһƣһƲлꡣ˵ֻҪƲл˵̬ҪˣӦóˡڳʲô£ȴȥҵѯʰɣ
˴˶һۣϹ̵΢΢ͷֻһĻǽţĲѡ
ǰȻ˿գʱˣʱսʱѵӡʼ
һ䣬Ƕʮ󷨴ʦϿʼᶯӡݸطѨڵʦǣԼʱ䣬ҲϿʼ˽ӡ
ʱ䣬ռ䲨ɢγɵţһ죬һֱʡ
ͬʱߴطѨҲ˴ĿĹҫ̫Ȼʧɫȥ


1298 ʥ޳
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֮䣬ͣ𶯣ǵ·һص񷶼ʼֹס
СﰲȴǺһ͵˫Ŀɫ΢΢˳
һԵĽۿæôˣ
жˣһС
ף
üͷһѵֻˣϧʥʥ򣬷ӻȥһˣ
һЦۻҡҡԴֻû屾ʵǰǻҶ֡θϴһƾ󷨳죡
ףҪʥˣ
ҪƣȻһЦ۲мƲƲ죺׿ڷĺ֣һʼʥ̽·ǲЩǵĻ±ãɴڣҪ֧ԮˣȻҪЩųˣ
Ȼͷ۳ʵҪȥֹǣ׽һƣԴ
ˣѾ֣ҵҲ跲ѹơֻҪҽȻ׶ңѾûˡҡ
˰֣Ĺâȥ˷ףֻ֪ϢȻµв㣬µ췴ɱҪͷ˱ţõ۵ɡһؾͺãǼˣҲߺߣ
΢΢˵ͷ۱ʾףһҡ
ǰĵرĿ˲״̬Ȼ⡭
䡭
صԽԽңƺֹסţڵѷ֩ҪƵġ
Ϲڵ¿ţ¾𣺡׿Ĵ󾿾ʲôʽôϴЩһϴδٱֹ¶Ҫĸо
Ҳʲô󣬷ҿ־ʱ
΢΢ʼ磬ȻҲǲˣ쳣ᶨİɣẦǵġȴǾͿҵˣ
˵ͷϹ̵ҡΣȫܿԼȴɼʽûзĴ㡣Ϊǵһֱţ׿κ±ĵûд
ͬʱǿľȻҲʥ޵ע⡣
ɽԶǰ˵Ŀḧ˸룬૳Ȼۣľͣ׼Ҫˡļƻ˫Ҫˣֻ˭ʤ˭ɣǺǺǡ
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ͨΪսսɪֹǣ׷׳ɽ壬Դֲ֧
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ôⷲҪ
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֪׿ǰϵ˼˱һطء˵ˣ
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Ҳܹ׿࣬ı졣˽Щʥ޵ͼǰȻҪˡȻЩһûΣ⻹˵ãⲻڲô
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޴ԴͷȥһֻգգȴЦȻ뵽ʥȥСȥҲͰˣϾȥǿǰֻܵȥˣƻƵɡʥˮĺܰưԣȥǶֻϣ󣬺ǺǺǡף죡
ֹסЦţԴٴγˮ£ƺٹעˡ
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˵âΪһ壬Ĺʱһţ˲ǴʮֹϵĲҲǶס͵ըѿγһڵĿնӣݡ
񷣬һذ룬·𵰿ǰ㣬ѣ⣬ɢںڶ֮С
ϵϹǶƵϢһͣˡȻ৵һ£˲仮˵ӣɢȥ񷣬ҲǺ¡һȫ˺ѿһֻ֣ΧĿĳǽ˺顣
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һУ΢΢˴һֻ¶ĵ׵Ŀϲⷲ׽磬ˡĻ죬ڱ˺ˣϷֿˣʥˣ
һЦ¡һǺݺһ˫צ޴ӵʱֱʣ˲ͻǱ磬˾֮ϡһתػһЩֵĶˣһϲհһǧ֮ң
ⷴ˺۵Ľ磬Ȼγ˿ռڶط£ռڶѸ޲ȫ󣬷׺ʥ޸ңΪһˡ磬޷ˣǺǺǡ
ǻȻҲ͵һ̤ţʱֱϾ졣
ڴ˴ҲдϲȲسǽ׿ռ䣬һɫֱնճһƬɫȻת˰ȦлһգʱһŽɫ۵ˣЦϷڳˣСӣϷˣҷϷӣߣ
ಣ
£һʧ
ʥƳ£ȥѰ׿ˡ
׵࣬׿ı仯ԡʱһ£һŨϯ׽䡣
˶ʱ·ĺƵģԼգڵԪͱڷתΧˡ
⡭ô£Ҫͻˣ
Ҳһ
Ҳǣ

һУ˷շ׽ƣֹʥ棬ߣߡʥԴԴϵؽ뷲˵ڣǸܵǰδеĳ
ڶ̶һϢ֮ڣ׵߶ڲͻƣҶǴٰÿᣬһ׽ͻơ
컹ͻվˣֱӽ뻯龳һ㣬е˶޾ľϲС
֪ⱾӦõģֻô꣬ѹѡ


1299 

Ũ磬·ˮճϯŷ׵ÿߣ䲻̷ѵõĻᣬȫھš
գۼ䣬һ¹ȥҲǲ£ϥڣ⾫
淺ϲ̶ʱڣǾϣѳ겻ܽ߳۷塣
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˿ȻҲվ𣬵ȴûʲôϲãһ˵һܴͨʽڴһ˲ںˡ˵ܵӴǴǸӿġ
˵׿ħɽǱߣ
˵ͷȻµ
̾ŵԴżĹâѹˣħɽ߳ƣȻǿɱȡ׿ͨ磬Ҳܵ˻ݣм
ֿȻȴûϲãȻҲ֪ΣʽٳٲźˣǴ򿪣ԭ˵ǵ鷳óֶΡڼȻȻͨǵȥҵȥˣһ֮
ûΣҵ˵ֻǡüͷᶶЩѣҪȥĶ׼
⡭
һͣȻü˼һѾݵĵӣ̽ˡȻںϣһн紦ϣҵɣ
Ըˣ̾һ¾£ҵǸںϱ߽磬׿Ѿˡ
һ棬տľϣһɫӰһкǧգ۲ٶ֮죬
ģһŭĴȣ͵𣺡϶ͽϷվסݵӣ
ৣ
һɫĻâת˲һҵһͣ͵һתһǰɫķߣݺ˦ǽ֮ϡ
䣡
һ죬ֱ񷣬׻Ľ˲ǧֲȣյ춼ŤһƬڣ֮ңȴǱɻڵġ
˿µ¼ʥ۷ˣҪĵѣ˱ˡ
ৣ
һ֮£Ӱٴɢԣ¶Ŀȴ̬档
ϼһʲôֻȻ֣ϲЩŭ
һЦ治м㵱ĺ£Ϸûüأ
Ϸʲôˣ
ѵˣ
һҧгݵ׻˳ȫʬҲҲرôˣʥ޺
ߺߣΪܴù𣿡Ȼ˵̲꣬סЦһƲƲϼһ֪жô¡Ϸ׻˺ݿƣûʲôˣ
һ㶣治⣺ƣʲô˼
˼ǡ׻ԸģϷ
ֹסһһĪôܣˣԼ͸ۣ
ⲻǷ裬Ǵ塣Ϊ飬Сңȫң㶮ƨݺݵһۣƺʲô³һɫ
龰ԻˣһɱǿƣҲɢȥ
ʱһĺĻ棬ҲϨһˣת׿ȥҲˣ
ǰÿڱţҲˡ۵ĽˣһɰҲϻһ½ǡǴǵģ͵Ҳڣٺٺ١
˵һռһŤһ˲֪ʱ˶ǰһ֣ǻ졣
ƳƳǲ˽⣬ɣһǽġڵ֮ҵ׿䡣Ȼ˽׽򿪣ǵĻһˡٲȥ۶֣һоͶˡôĿ࣬Ҳˣ
䣬һתԶȥ
УѾʲôˣһԵɽܿǺòãһ·һ̤Ÿˡ
Ͼڣҵĵ˶һǰͽΣڿͬˡ
΢΢ʼ磬Ҳνӣϸȥ
Ǻҹֻʥڳ˷׵ؽ磬صʥڡһɽֹ֣ס캿ҲǸų쳹񷡣
ಣ
һƿܿһȺ޺ͼأóǰǣ淺ϲݵ
°ݼˣ
ӵܣݼڣ

ôݼңһ߿ţЩܹ޺;ͰˣûˣʱЩԴףűŤ
ȻһЦбƳһۣЦͱƽˣֲǺͽͽ
šҲԣȥһɣ
ȥʲô׿ܺȥ
ЦһֿЩ޺;ɫˣҪһˣΪ׿ٴ̽
һһСÿڣҪҵ׿Ҵܼң׿
һСĹܼңһִ˲ƣġ΢΢˵ͷô֪䣿
һݣǾںλʥ޴ˣ׿ܼ˵ǼλĴǰʱһֱϽʥɽĪҲӣ
ߺȣСӻżëһٳٲǳһ滹ǵͷǵˣʵдߣ
üͷһʱЦСϷ򲻰˺˲ɣߣ
˻
һǾ󾪣ôĴ𣿸Ƕƭˡλʥ޴ˣһλԳĴˣǻˣ軯ظǾͻȥǼðƻ͵
ʲôðƻʥ޵Ϣǲʶ𣿻ǸˣӦҲĵӣ԰ɣһֿ档
΢΢ͷҶСˣǵȷϷ֮ˣողϷѣ˭ǶǵģСǵԴ
ǣ
һͣǾɺͷи̡
ʲôʱϲЦģŵһˡҺûǼλԭİ
ˣ㻹û˵׿Ķأȥ
ǣæԴǾȴЩɡ
üͷ壬ɵʲô
ֻܴҵң׿ܼҿҲˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪѾˣ
ʲô
̲סһʥгһ赹ˣѪΪС


1300 ۾
ף
磡
ҳǣҸۡһڸ߲ڴУƲҵģһߺһ̧ȥȴϤӰ˽ǹͨȸҶ˻ˡ
ҴǿϢǴﵽʥϵΪ
ǰһŷ಻ǰ޵ҶۣջСȻôͻʥˣҲȥǻؿˡ
ÿ
ûѻ˵꣬ҶǺݺݽƵһԣֱƺǰʵҴôˣΪʲô˶˵ˣ
ƺаɫļͷİɣ׿ܻһ˪͡
ǡ
Ϊ˾ϵѾȫȥˣ
ʱͯǰһɫأǽ۾ʵϵлꡣԼҲ޷ܵ۵ɢˣξ𡣡
ƤһҶһҲ³һصصԴ
ȸȴЩˣƺദӡ
صģȻҪ׺Ͱﾰˡûİң׿ʥˣʧȥһ
һֱΪãȻʹﾰҲǸѪԵϵЩʧ֮ʹ
жûк⣬ϾǰԼľǺ޲κһˡ
׽Ƕ׿ĳƺûôҪˣ
磬ﾰ쿴׵꽣뿪ҺȻʲôϧҪʧȥźڣ
ؿһۣû˵Ĭ
֪ǲǵͻƻʽʱԡ׿ĵ۵ھࡣң뵱ϱ֮䣬һֱɱ׿ûעԱߵˣҵĸǡֱ۹ˣɱ׿꽣뿪ˣҲŷֻɱȴûණһʧȥ׽ǹɡҲҵҵĸˡ
ڻǣģ׿ˣǿȥ
һ㶣ﾰô֪
׿˵ģ
գĵ˼ףȻʲôͼչ˺Ҿ죬Ϊ֮δǱĻǡ׿ƽĵطҲϣⲻһĵܻعƽ
һȻﾰʱ¶֮ɫԭ£ȴԼ׶ˡ
Բ˵׿µˡ˻ԼĵὫΧ˻㼯һγֻԼ
΢΢һЦȻ׿ܼһһ̣ȥӣΣ
ûлػﾰֻǽ˫Դ

ͻȻһŭȶôƺ൱ꡣ˲ԣҶȴɫһŭȥд˭ҴСУ
Ϸģôˣ
˵ţһɫ۷ˣ۾ش˽Ա߻һһӰȴ桢ͺˡ
ϤϢͨȸʱһ˳Ҷ۱Ͼ࣬û̬ǰôĹðģҰ
ߺȣСӣӲˣҽѵϷˣһ㶣濴ԼͽܸҸԼ˵Ц
ͨȸɫһ࣬æҶͣɫ
ҪϹ
ǵΪ⣬ֻһԲͣѰšż׿İȫĵνˡ
ʱһO@죬һȺʥ룬棬ϹݵڣȻû£»صӵǰˣǿϲɺذ
ʲô㡭ʦ󾪣Ҷۺࡣ
ݺݵһۣСӣһٸˣ׿أҳ˰ɣ
ڣ֪ǰЩʱգ۴˱˸ʬˣһҪΪΪ۴˱𰡣
ʱ˿̣Ⱥɿɥǰϡ
ͷػӻ֣غһһۣ˾˰ɣʲô˵ģѡ츳õľˡؼڣ׿أûУ˾ͳ˰

һеʥȫɵˡ˵سϸ߿࣬
û뵽۶£һҪġ׿ĸȻӡ
ǺҲıԣÿ׿ˣڣǸ۴˱𣬻Ǹ׿ܼұʵһΪɱǵģͬһ˰
ʲô汻ɱˣ
ͫݺת׿ֵ̯̯ô죬Сˣǲˣ
ɫԽأˣȵˣ׿ϵǧ顣ǸϷһ׼𣿡
λǰʵġ
ڵӣе˶ֻнͯǰһɫƽؽ鸴һ顣
һȥ˺˲ֹסԭˣ˵һҡ
ϼһСֻʣһ˿лˣȫߣǷϵĲٷˣʲôϣ
ĻһɻʲôΣǸ˻ִ𣿡
ϣߺߣҪ֪˭Ͳô˵ˣ

üͷһֵϼһִʲôıܻ˭Ѳɻǵ۾ת
ȻһЦΪ⣺Ҳˡǵõ۾𣿡

һ治󾪣Ǹ۵ĵܵܣһ𲢳˫ˣɣ׿ôħˣ
Ϊе۾յĿ꣬Ͼôоâһ
ɫһ࣬캣жʱ߸֣ʮһϾ
ֻ˵еľ磬ϣʵ
λǰôˣδ̡
ͷһһһȫ˵˿ƺЦһȭ
俴һֻۣʥޣ棬з캣֮ǰ̵׿˵£ǰף
ʲôʥޣ۾Ĵڣ󾪣ƺȫˣűǴϲλʥ޳֣Էֻ۾ʤˣ
ƤֹסһƲƲ죺ʲôʤ㣿۾֮һۣͬΪһʮˡǲʤ㣿֪֮ͽˣΨһʤ׿ˣ⣬룡
׿һƲлˣ۾Ρɫֹסҡͷ
ЦһŵâĲл겻ǱƵ۵ǳû´ĻӦȥֻءûеһУϹʱڣӽ۵


1301 ֻ
ݣ
ʵҹգһǹ⻮һƬݴԼ䣬ҫ۵ĹâȴֳһõӰȥ׿ɡ
ǡ
з磬׿ϸϸطֻﻨ㣬£ƽɾûһ˿Ⱦǲƺһ峺羵һȥƺ鶼ϴƵģƽ޲ްַǡ
ߵ׿̲סִһˮ
ˣ
ģһһȦȦɢһεĿռ䲨ҲǶˮϷһ̣峺ˮֳӰġ
֮һǸ湫ӣһۣӢˬ˫Զ˿˿Ц⣬ΪơһһûаƵģǶʱӵҲ޲·ѽʤ֮⣬ֹˮ
ˣҲʶۣ
ʧɫ׿һ⾿ʲôطˮؾȻܼӵۣ˿ûвôܣ۾ĸ֪൱Ȼͨأտһۣע⵽ôᡭ
ܵܣˣ
ȻΣӰеۣȻһ̣俴˵Ѿǵھʮ˰ɣһ̶ûӮ⻹˵һ𣿡
ܵܣ
һ㶣׿¸ӺɣôֳܵܣǰǳԼܵôһѵϵܵܵȺã
ϾϰɣҲ߯ˣϽֵܣȴҪأʲô˼
²ţ׿ȥ
һЦǰӲΪ⣬ƺȻˣڰֵСܼˣķڷǺǺǡ
ʲôˣ磬ֵʤ𣿡
бƳƳ۳վߵ棬ΪأִеԼĵֵһͬۿĵ۵˸ϼһҲѾɵΪ۾ҿʵ㣬Ѿܵط򣬵۾λֻʮʣһˣʲôʱɵ
ӲΪ˳ȻɣóȻɣ
ߣ˵ĺ˳Ȼ飬ĵ̫ವӸ飬ԶѳɡɵȾҪһиŷɣ𣿡
磬̫˰ɣ
ЦԴӻվ𣺡ǲҲ֮ˣɵ۾飬ƺûʲô̫ϵɣǺǺǡ
ƤЦ
ݺݵһۣ۸߰ԴرΪϡȻ顣ǲ˵˵֮ͱȻһˡǱѡƵߣЩͼ۾Ტۣ
ҡҡͷɫ£ÿɷ񣺡Ŀǿһζ񶨱˵ĵͳ飬Ჸֻ˵صĴ󰮣˲飬Ҳ
ߣˣ
Цһ۲мƲƲ죺أغԶﲻ档Ҳ˵ԶأֻԼĹУ鲻ĳһ׶ζѡ￿ضزΪСر飬Ҫ˵һ𣬲ײ࣬ѳɴ
ݲЩӲƺˣӳ૵أ
ǲܣ
˵
ϣضĻкȻɳ棡ᶨҧǰӵһ䣬۾λֻʣһˣΪ֮
䣬˦˦ӣ뿪ˡԭأƺЩ֪δ¡
׿ں߿ţüͷ壬һֱ°ͣȻͷ˵Ļȷʵر飬ȻѡӸ飬ֻۡǡڻгƵϣұôءŶˣܵôֻǲ֪׵ĻǸɵġ׵İɣҪ˵˵ĵܵܣͱˣ
ֹסҡԴ׿һҰ죬Ļָܳ㣿ֻ⻰˵Щϰʲôֻʣһˣʮ۵ѵ˵
ôҲΪԲ𣿡
ģһϵĴȶ
һ׿æתȴ֪ʱһȫ۷һƺڰ׽ӵĳ룬Ʈǰߣǰ
һ׿ҪΪصؽߣǾ˰
ȴļֹҲһߣЦˣҶһƲл꣬˵ɢˣʲôۻһŰɣĵطɿǺǺǡ
ǰ濴ÿǺǺǡ
ʧЦһ׿Ƥһ飬Ҳ͸һŶˮˣʱۣȴǵʱ۷Ź⣬һµӣ¶ʱһ󸹷̡
ϼһʲô˰ͦԵġ˼ţԼҪʲôʱлɢˣֻⱥ۸͵ˡѽ֮ȼհ
ףˣ﾿ʲôطôܿ˽ܵأ
Լɻ׿æȭǰ﾿ʲôطΪ۵ţ֣
㲻֪һ㶣ͷ
΢΢ʼ磬׿ͷȻϡͿģģ
ŶԭˣСá㲻֪Ե˲ýһ˳ɾˡֻҪһͿˣ
ʲô
һļ䣬оһС
ŵ⣬߶ֻأκһҪɢĲл꣬õֻػᡣֻصģǰһУӰҲһ
ʲôֻأ
һ׿ת׿һƽĵؽ磬еϹʮ֮һֻش۵ĵôǰֻشۣ
ǺǺǡ´ˣҲһƲлˣ
Цһ߰ڰֵֻشһ㲻֣ĲлԹֻҪǰһУԶͻֻأҪ۳֣һɣ
Ȼͷ׿һЩȻֿǸ²ͷȻһоͿֻأô˵ʲôɢˣѵ㲻ֻأ
ոûϷֻģҪǰһУŲȻֻˡЩ̫ҪҪԼԸɢҲȻֻأ
ؿ׿һۣһ࣬Եʮׯء
׿ˣҲǲһص߱˱ȭǰЩ䣬˼ˣҷҲԸʧȥһ൱
һԼҪ鱣ˣҲֵء
Ȼ׿֮ȽȽ֮ʱȴǺһЦЦ˵ˣطÿܿǰţҲͦȤģڳãʲϣٺٺ١
ͨ
һ׿һͷˤڵأƤһ鶯
ð˵׻ǰ֮ȼյԵʣһжߵ黳أոհ׸жˡ


1302 ǰ
쿴жˣˡ
ģͷ׿һ֣ߴ١·һȺɫ͵ϴһ϶Цݡ
η۶׿ƴǣҲٴδǰң֪֪ˣܰսʤ֮ǿĶ֣˽һĹҲкôġ
ǣԸģ׿۾Ǻ濴ȥȴأһףǸˣô˵ӳǰתʱļ䣿
ֹסԴͷһЦ
Ϊ۵ܵܣʸ۵۵ˣӦҲ׼۾ˣȻҲҪֻأϹǴδսжпᰡ󣡡
ʱ˿̣ȻõţƵܵܵˡ۶˵ֻǴδսˡ
һ̾Ϣ׿ȥȴֻǰһ䳱ʪɽڣ۵ƺЩį
ʱһϤ쳹˶ߣҪô
ףǡ
Ƥֹס˶׿ٴζȥʱУڤۣ滹£
бƳƳͷû˵ֻǻĪЦ⣬ۿ
ˮ֮УЩԥջǱ˼ᶨĻԷҲ˵Ķԣ飬ҵ̫飬۵۾ݡ
ֵܶȻڲĿȴԺͺһ۶ԴֻǲķͬˡҪ磬˵ǰ˵ֺ˵ϣﵽ۾֮ϵϴ
վڰߣڤ
Цҡҡͷӳ̾˵ʲôϾ۾ûͻƣͲЩˡڤۣ£𣿡
ˣ
̾һڤһ֣һŻɵƮ˵ǰĳһȫڵıŮӣϷڤռǧԹڡϾ鸽֮ϣЩԹˣ·ӡס
˵ͷӳˣ
䣬Ѹٽӡ
ȵȣȻܿ죬ڤ۱һ̧֣סһͣ˻ȥȴڤֹۣԴӿƵۺǶ֪ʲôӡ㽫ԼӡڣǷԺǲˣ
üͷᶶ̾һ˳Ȼɣ
˵ţӡ𣬶ӡ˵Ŀռ𵴣ҲڲͣšȻһϼڷɳȻֱǱ֮ڣʧ
ʣ
龰׿󾪣ֱܰ۾߲ʣȻѾ޵ˡҲ˵ֻ׼ֻۣ۾һ㴰ֽˡֻûΪʮۣΪʲôѾ˰
׿ȴЦҡҡԴЩȻȥ
Ȼһк󣬰ӵɫˣýӲ䣬ת뿪ûڤһֻۣӳлл
ӽԺ治ˣοЦڤǱһۣҲ뿪ˡ
ӽ壬۶ԴˣҲΪ⡣¹ȥôҲ벻ͨǣû۵۾
˸ߵ츳ƺ飬ҲĪܴﵽ߾硣
Ȼڴʱһ벻鷢ˡıչʱһĺ÷겻ƺʲô飬Ƶġ
Ǻָһ·ɳֻۣصǸӡɽԣзɻ󣬻ȥ
ˣ
ǾڴʱһŮȴǶóԣӭŵϮɽڳһŮӣüĿ㣬޶ˡ˫Цӯӯ
ֹסһǰӴ󾪣׿ҲǾȳ⡭ⲻǸӡôˣ
ǰҲģһͷƮڤ۾ʲôУ˵ŮǱôͳˣ
ѵ˵ŮΪģ͵ģ
룬Ůһ˹ǰΪһһͣҲûоܾ֮⣬·ĵײܾŮһ
ԭڳ޾ԹǰбϾ۷Ĵߣ飬ûܱЩԹӡǸлˣȫİ
ʲô
ˣ
ǻˣ԰ӵΪ׻ŮӸոӵһ֪ˡŮӶ԰Ҳ൱ճߡ
ѾȻһˣҪġ
ŮڵϣŮӵĳԺôĵ޷ܾͺѪŨˮһʼϵ
һȥʱһбϰˡһ˴Ůʦ̵ڱаеŮҲٶȾˣˡ
ȻͲˣ飬۵ľ顣
깤ѾﵽʥסҲοͬʱеٴαȾ飬ŮҲĬĬعػ
Ůӣ͸Ƕ԰鲻ˡһԽͯŮƺʹɣڤ۵ȼѵĽҲʼָ
龰ڤ¶Цݡ
ڤۺհ
һп׿ֹסࣺǲͼıרŵŮע飿ǷӡѣֱŪӲ𣿡
һЦͷ׿ڲҲͦôλڻָˣ
ʲôָ˼ҪͻƵ۾ģڤⲻǵ˼ôмƲƲ죬׿ĵ֪ΪʲôʮûˣǺǣ
ȻһЦ߲ΪҡԴδɵۣȱ޵ˡ󣬲ҲûͻôСӣ㣬İ𣿡
У
ǵ۾İˣѡһôѡ
׿¶ȻЦݣѡˣ
Ϊʲô
֮Ըһۺеİӣ׿ȻصͷΥȻעͻƲ˵۾ˡλ۵ܵھһɲǣǸԶˣ
ͷ޵л׵ģ
ǰҸƺһǺǺǡ

׿ɵЦţһŭȴؽŵһٴοȥȴֻһ䣬Ȼ棬ŰӵҸոճأΪܳɵֻۣȥˡ˸Ůˣִ
вÿɷ񣺡νˣдһˣ£Ҽ㲻ƵΣ
ᣬҲǹ㣬Ҳںѱ巢Ҿңۣƿߣ
û˿飬۱һֱƵۣһֱܡﲸһǳ˵и飬ôӣһУΪѭϢѡҲˣҵܵܣϣһִ𵱸ˣҰ
üͷһһЦ㶼ˣа֮˵
е̧ˣ˵㣬һ㣡ƳƳɱ⣺Ը£ϣɱŮˣ


1303 
ˣ
ƽĺ棬ϹŵӰͣУʧ
׿΢΢ֱֱһֻ˼ҳ˫԰ԼܵܵԵҪԤ˵Լ飬ǼʣⲻֻĶѣУ
ǺǺǡʹˣ޵ǿӲͷֻǰĵ°ˣرܾܵ͸øһִ谭һ׼ģᱻΪϰ˶ѡ
һЦƺ൱Ϥһ棬һٴ֣л˵Ǽ¿
˵ͷ׿ٴèȥȴǺеĳֻһϤĵطǸ˷ӡɽڣˣһһŮֻȻֳ
ӿŮӣ䣬û˿¶ȣӽԺûκιϸˣٲ棡
ΪΣŮƺ⣬żС
Ƥʹ۹ӵҪ۵۵̫ˡ飬Ҿٸκιϵ
˵ûоû𣿱ˣһǷ飬һо
ǣ֪ı£Բǰ㵱˶ϣ
ûпһۣŮ𾪵У͵һһϼʱƮ⡣
׿һУδ͵ĵ۾
ǻ£һϼȴһ졣ţϼɢֻʣһɵţڡ
ۣ
һѪǰӵɫЩ԰ףҲ޹ȫɢʬ㣬ûпŮһۣŲתȥˡһߣҲɢһ״֮ɢΧֻգ۹ǰһƬٵ֣˲ͱʧȥϢʬľή˸ɱʬ塣
طû
ûЩŮֻкӯӯ⣬עĿ촽ֹסزš
úݣ
ſ黮£Ů˫ȭգݽҧȻԼնˣҾѡ㲻˵Ϊ۵۵նǲȫ֮ˣﻹ۵۾
û˵ޱ飬һ·ƣӰ뿪ʼûлͷһۡ
һĻ׿ĪһɱҲ֣ɿߵǰʲôΪնͲ۴أ
֮ÿУ
ḧ˸룬ҲһȻ٣Т㩣峣ţദ¸ߣԴΪ֮Ҳ˵֮Ϊ˵;ЩҪģ˵ĸһ֣ߣǲеĶǶ߶Ӳһ֣ħߣҲǲԹ޼Щ֮飬ۣǽһзſգԲų顣ûУ鶼Ʋϣ
ոսնϣûС̫죬֮Ҳ۴ϾҪĳһ˶㲻ϣܹٳĻԴܳ飬ˣ
Ȼص˵ͷ׿ˣٿǹ°Ӱγ̾һԾԸ飬˸ݵģնݳΪֻǲŮ֡Ϊ飬Ҫ飬ȴҲˡףôôϤ˸пǰҲ
ŶôǵֻصʱҲԼȫϷԴʱˣǺǺǡ
ʧЦһ¶һЦݡ
η۶׿ÿɷ񣬼עϹţȴԽԽ磬ƺͬƵġ
ŮĿŰ۹뿪ȴصɽݽӲоһ£Բ
ʱһΥгһ˿һֻСſήĵϣһֻɱʬ
ŮһʬУһۺɫĹâ֮ʬȻ漣Ļָ
Ǻֻߴߴֽһ𣬻طȥ
һУŮ˽ٴλضչءһº󣬵һϼ죬һĨۺɫĹâأɽ鲼ɽ֣ʹһƬأҲմȾ˵顣
ʱ䣬漣ˣȻµأٴλָȺӵķʼɽּ件챼ۡ
Ůӻ߳ڣȻƴǣǴһ˿Ц⣬һĻ۽ȴػһξӨ飬ϡ
һΪһˣҪٻˡϣȻᣡ
£Ůһ֣ǵ߿գʧ
׿һȻŮӾˣطĵ˿
ԼΪ׻䴴ۡΪɵʱȻŮСǵᣬʵϱ˵עڵ顣ֻʱòˡ
˵ͷһµϧ
һݣ׿ٶȥȴǵһǧֻգۼ䣬һֺԺڣȻһһҡ
һϤӣǸˡֻǴʱ˿̣ȫȴЩ֣һֱðɭ£ȫ½֮
ȫûʶʱ˿˵Σգǵವһȥƺ飬ָ
ǣһ£һһɹȫһƬۺɫû΢紵֮Уӭɢˡ
ʲô
ǰۿһƬɫϾ죬һ˿ԻȻֿǸң૵ǸܵܶչؼˣȻû۳۾Ů˻һλߺߣǳ衣ģȥ⼸¶ڱʲôأ
ǣ
һԴ۴̤ǰһ֣һŸƿˡⲻƻãһ֮£ĺƷһ͵
󾪣۸æһ֣ϬâȻǽսӴǺѩӵ˻һ㣬ವرˡ
ôܣ
ֹͫסһ۴ʧɫҲһ㶣ԣסҪʲô£
ǣ
ٴһȣ͵ؼԼĵ۾
ʱ䣬һ߲ϼǺһѹȥǣö־鷢ˣǺȻϼһڣ·ǻֽһ㣬ۿɼٶʴš
˼ˣһȦ֪ԣ׿ȴ̲סУ⡭ҵף񰡣
ȻˣΪ⼸ͬƤһƺʲô֪Ƶģɫصسֻ̾ǡ仹ûһˣպЩˣҲһ


1304 
ֲĺ·˶ɵޣ۾ѹƵý۲ˡ
ۼˣҲе¶ȴţʮǿţǰ׽еġ
ˣ
һβ÷ıһֻ޴ŽɫĹ⻷۵Ҳһڣء
һ̣һرʲôεĶЩͣⱼӿȴôҲ岻
ͫ
һ̣ૣžʧĽǰȥһαĤȴǺ֮Уǰȫεض̨ϣɫʹ಻ͷһɹɺâɢаȵĹԡ
ֻǳһۣ۱ľ⾿ʲôˣʮȻ룬۴𣿡
ʲôһһһ۾ˡҽĿģҪһŪһۣոλӳڿҲóˣ
ǻа죬ۿܵܣصͷ
ٿֲƣҲֹס̾ǰδ۵۾ֻƣҵĵ۵סľʲôأ
ǰʲô˿£ԣҲЩ֣ϸһۣȴ죺ףԼˣ
ʲôˣǻ۴
Ҳ֣ˣ۵۵ô۵ĵ۾ȲԻҲɡ
顭
ȻһܵĿռ䶼ڲסţƺʱӡЩӿĴķ磬еޣҪ˺ҧƵġ
龰۸Ӵ󾪣Ƥֹסݺݳ鶯ţЦɣҵĿҲסôܣͬΪδɣôܵס۴ʱƣǡ
ʲô
۵ĸǵ۾Щ۵Ǽ֮ɫˣֲ⣺ǵ۾ʲôڲ׼𣿡
ǻ˷ܣģǰǸȻЩ򣬸е۾֮ϣƺһľ磬쾳ȻһżȴǴﲻͻƣܵ
ôܣ۾ûͻƣֱ̤ϣ
ʲôܣ˼ͬʲôܣ
Ȼ죬˷ֱܵЦЦܵ޵һֱԲڣԼնϣԾ飬ʧȥϣΪ۵Բϴͽз̩Ȼңֻһ˵ļǲնҲﲻľת򣬼ԣֻĵ
Ȼص˵ͷ򣺡ԭˣ֮أ֮ƽ⡣֮󣬱鼫£۵ֱϡôӽʮ֮ϣˣ
ߣʮۣ
мƲƲ죬۲Ϊ⣺Ͼ۾ʲôҿʵ㣬Ҹо˵۾ֻشִߣӵƿطȴִأһһҲ˵۾϶ѡɱᣬֻһˡ۾ܸϱȣ
Ӻݺһ𣬽۴ʧɫһسһ¡
˵ϵ񣬲ǷеһõͷڣҪˡ
ţתǰһۣȴأɵ

ģһǿͫĽסµĺʱѿӿĺâߣѸٴǣͬҪȫƵġ
˴󾪣סˣȴһֱЦţЦĺ˷ܡ
ܵҪִˣȻԽȴ˷ܡΪţгһգҲܿͻϾ
ʱֵܶͬϴ뷲˵
ৣ
ȻǺʱȴǺһ£˲ʧˡ
һ㶣ɻǰȥȴ֪ʱǰͷϵĺâȻʧͬʱӲĿţȫȻ亹ʪ
üͷ΢壬۸æ̧ǰµܵܣô£ͻʲôѹΪϴʧˣ
ۡڴڵشɢ־塣
һ㶣Ϊʲô˵˵һۣɳϴʮ۶ﲻľ簡Ϊβܾۣ
Ϊ˵˼һ۳ɣ֮գ
ʲô󾪣´󺧣ȴؿΪȻΣն𣬹£ǵ䣬Ȼûˣٴĺãʱͻϣұ㴴һ̫Ŵ磬ûǵ硣ˣʱ򣬵۾ɣ
³һĵ֮ר޵ͷ۾ް˵ȫ
Ǿͺãһûչʾ֮ءȻصͷͷɣǾʱˣ
˵δĩ̸
£˵ƶ񣬶ѭ򣬱Ƕ壬زݡ˵ڵ˵ȾҲü黫˵պӵޣҲһƶ֣֮Ӷˡѹƣ޵֮˵ô棬ã
ҪɣҲ㣡޺˦˦ӣ͵վһ˳ȥ
뿪ıӰüͷ壬ֿۣƺˣǰ㣡
縸ǰ˵һ𣬺ܽ˵أȻҿ㡣ѳ˵Ǳ߳׾ˣ̬ȱҲӦãҺοǺǺǡ
Цһۿ򽣵۵ո˵ҪԼ֡ΣǶְɣ
һ㶣Ҫ֣żҪͻƣҲңң޾ڰ
˵ǰҪͻƣ·ⲻŵô
˵

˵ͷһâϾҪϾĸ֮֡䣬ʲô鶼ġȻض˵ݺᣬ䣬ߣ˵֮٣˳Ӧ⡣ǾͰ֮·ߣһϴУ
΢΢ԴôҪ˵
ոɢ𣿡
Ȼʮǿ
δɵϾ
һ䣬ĵĿǰϣûҲû֪λȡǵܵܣҲֻӶѣδγɡ˵а취ϾĻֻˡ
˭
ʥޣ
ǣ
ԣǴϹɣԶ֮һ൱ڵ۾ˡһһںϿܡ룬ĵ۾ںϣʲô
Ͼ
ģȥռЩҪǷǵͼҪԣܷ֮۵һâЦ


1305 ϹŴս
ˣ
аݣٴһ󲨵еĻ㵴Ȼʧ
һУ׿ҲУȻͷѹһֱԭǴܵϵõУϴ
ô˵ԭ򣬻۱

һֱϵ˵һ򶼿ϣһĻ壬ƶһ
˵ͷ߳̾һˣǰҲδͷϾһˣ޳ԹģҪɱֲǷӡԴӼʶܵľ·õʾһ˵;Ų֪аӣĵף֮Ĵ
üͷһ׿һۣаǰ㿴Ҳ;𣿡
Ҳ֪ûۣ֮ҲĻأ׿ǶΪ飬ҲࡣΪƵߣ׿ݲ̸磬ǷΪûأ
һЦ߿׿۵ɢâ
һ׿üͷ壬׳ãŶͷ˼ħ֪ħжôǲҲ;а·۲˳У༸λ۾ֹҲߣ
Ĭû˵ֻǾԵףϳأƺҲʲô
ǰ
ʱ׿ֿؿߣȥ۵ĵܵܣξģ
˵ͷһ£ӦõģϾΪ˶
˵ţһ֣ٴβǳһµĻ档ָǸӰ񣬵ԴӵܷܵۼƺҲоᣬУѰ𰸡һ߾ʮ꣬ڼĽŲ鼰ʥ䲻ǵ۾Ƶ۵Ͼżʵ˿κһ۾֮ͯй֮Ϊ۾ֵܶΪ˫һʱͷ޶
磬ڸʲô
ܵٴλصУӰֻǸеɽ죬Ϲȥһʱƿȴ죬ֲŷһ󾪡
бƳƳޱ飺Ȼû޳ϴ֮ǱһЩĲµ磬Ȼô׾ͱƿˣ˵áֻǿϧ㵱ܳɵöã
ǣڸʲô
ûֻؿЩϤʵ׻˵ĺףĻסΪʥ޵ڴˣ
ȻһЦ۲ÿɷֻרעؿ֮ءҲûشһֱڽᶯӡɫмɫһˮҺͣڡ

ͻȻһɫ涸ɫɣֲϢʱۺǰӶЩɵ
ף
ֹͫסһ׿¾УǰҲǲɵþ֮
˷ܵԽԽзż֮ɫ
Ȼֻ֮Ӧڲǵ磬˰ɣǺǺǡ

ЦݻûãһأըѿмɫɢâʸһȥϵһһԵɽϣҲ۵һһѪ˲ήȥ
һƽϢٶȥȴɢŸɫâƷʥԣ
ѹ׵񽣣
׿ԴԭѽںʧƷ
۵ɫҲ΢΢һƺЩʧ䡣
̧׿Ǹ⣺ۣѾˣʵںϣǸ
ոѾںˣֻ֮ںϡʱзǿ֮ͺˣۿԶתƺѰŽ֮
ӼˣȻʲôˣԭҪ֮
ǰ㵱ʱ˵Ҫ֣Լ𣿡
бһۣ۵ΪƵߣ͸ô̷㲻ԸߣߵְǾ
ģ⼸ʮΪռʥ޵ǴĲ˭һ£˵
캣ӵξѼֻġ
УЩֲҪһͷУ
ʲôҪӲһ𣬽۾
΢΢ͷ۶Щʥڣոýںϣ²ףϾôҾͽڣ
ף޷ǵὫ㷴ģ
νһΪҵңҲôçײһǣзִġһЦֿ򽣵ѯʣģ˺㻹ѡ𣿡
۵ͷԱһֻȾףԲթΨͼ
ˣǾĲħǱĿһԽԽԽħŻ䡣ãὫʥ޶ģߺߺߡ
аЦݣתֿܵܵòҺ֦ڰɣ
ΪƲƲ죬תߣֻĮ֮ȴǴ˶˶У˵ĸûϵҲܣ
նϣ˿ԹˣĻǰ
ǰһִףֻһͨˣġֻϧһϣ㲻ˣһжˡǺǺǡ
ǻ⻡ȣݸҲã֣ҲȫŹģȥ˰ɣ
һͷת뿪ȥȥˡ
棬԰ΪΪʥһڲƭɱһʱϣˡ
һģǲ׻ˡ
ƭһϿУһʥ޵Χ£ûκη֮ʹ䣬ǿֲףҲ۵һֻͫ
ƻеú˳Ҳȥǲ֪ģ׻˵ȴǱ˴˳ȥһʯǧˣʱʥΧ
ۼûˣɱڣȰ˵Ǿʱȴۺڤ۵˸ϵ
̬¶Ҳһݣ۵һԶгԴˣƻ£༸λ۾󾪡
˵ѣϹŴսһ
ҪжۣʱҲҴˣʱ˺Ƥ˵Լս
ʮ֮ս´棬˵𣻻˵ˣ˥ʹ˾ʤˡ
ʣĴʥޣΪغµ⣬Ҳ˵˵ͬˣۡΪͽΪţΪͬĵˣڤۺΪ£Ϊս档
һƺʷϵļغϲһ죬ϸȴִͬ


1306 

һ߿ţŭ˽ȥȴֻܵպ˫Ĵ󣬷˫۵ȴƽôˣΪͻң
ûлָؿһ£ɻ
һЦвÿɷ񣺡ۣѵ֪һϣ棬ô׻ָֻתز꣬Ҳδܸԭɣ
˵Ҳԣ
˵ͷɲţôô˵۵ļƻ͸¶ģ
ؿһۣԭϣǵ£ҹܣûʲôµĻȥɣҪˣ
䣬ܵٴα
ۣȻﲻڻζûϵˣӦò£ʱǰһֿۣ۵
˼΢΢ͷɻɡ
أ֪˲࣬˵ȥĻ˭˵أѵ˵
ת׽˽ãݣһЦģεˣ⼸ʮΪ˻ˣ˵Ĳ
ۣʲô˼ѵ㻳ҡ
ǺǺǡģôܻ㣿йܣʲô⣬˶ӣΪ߲֮ͲεĶµģ
Ľۼͷ̣ȴŵâȻⲻʲô£ҲںǼͼ˵۾ʲô˵ģֻ˵иһеɵģȥҰԴԷ⣡
вһС˭
캣
ʲô
ǰҵĿͫΨһӡһΣòЩֽʱôһ£ǺͲˡ
ڰ֣۸æĪҪԷƱǼ¶һǧǰˣǸ׼ءϾżĵ۾ٲˡ
ģԷһ
ƳƳ۵ɣιغϣ˵ǼϼһδΥҵγٳٲǲңǡԸ
üͷһۿȥƺЩվһͷҧɬǣȥ
˵ţһתӰ
¶Цݣ˫ȴǳ̾һ۸ʱղ̣αΪأ
ҲΪֻնǸ塣սڼҲҵߣκͻϾǹ׶㰵ѷЩ˵۾Ĺթǻʲôģߣ
ǰȻǿ˫ȭѵ֣˼˶ڣҹƶˣ˵ξҪˣҲһǺǺǡ
ô𣿡
һ¸޹أ㣡ҡҡͷмĿֻлڲţֻҲ䣬ʧˡҲްߣԼˣҲûôУһȺ϶ѣߺߣ
۾΢΢һ£۳תȥǰһȺϼһĵܵܣһϡҲϧĿ˭ҿۣߺߣ
һЦţ۵Ӱʧֻ֪ǣʧһɲǣеȴǻһ˿Цݡ
һº󣬽ۻˣȫѪ죬ʧȥһֻۡͬʱҲϢ캣۴һֻۣء
ˣ޽һӳƺ
ۣɱֻܷһֻ۾ķ֮ٲǰҲвˣ
ڴڴŴҰ֮ɫЦݣǺǺǡɵúãʵûзһۣҶ鷳
úˣº󣬸ȥսɣļۺƣ񷣬ƺȻƿһС
׿п⽣۵£֪ⲻ֮̽ôƴԼһۡҲֻ֪۾ûˣֻ۶Խ۵Ĳɣ
޵ǽ˱ߣǾ֮ľһ֡ͬصԴ߽ţǰϷ˵;٣Т㩣۵Ľ֮ף
Ȼͷ׿ô˵Ҳ˵ˣ
һһɡ
ôһ룿
Ϊ˵ȴˣҲܰߣΣЦһָָǺ棺ɣ
ɫ£׿ۿȴʱţԽۻع飬ת˲뽣۳սԼǻû߳Զ¡첻ϣѱΪƽأ˲ء
æ쿴ȥûӰĵܵܶˣµһڣǰŵĻӰʯȻƾʧˡ
ֹסۺ޵ҧгݣϸȻ֪ؼӰʯҲڣ͵ˣ
ۣʲô£۲⣬ʵ
촽˫ͫ죺Է⣬ҿͫ׽۵ˡܣк˿Լ̳ҵ²û뵽
ۣôͻȻ²أ㲻ǶԴսⲻ簡
ǻǡ
۵ѯʣڻشȴһ·ʲôϵˣǸСӣնôӦþ壬ôᴦĻң
ۣ˵ܣ
ո˵һ߰ĶôѪ·ⰵʾôġ
۾гһ죬ۺ޵ҧгݣѵ˵ָֻˣҪƫҪ𣿡
ۣô죿
ǻӰʯϣǲ͸ҿͫľһᱻƣǾӮˣߣ
˫ȭ߬нɫ⻷𣬻һо޴ҲǶɢȥһǧ
ܿ죬ֻʥ޷еӰӳǾ޴֮С
ҵˣ
һЦŽһգ֮⣬ʱе·ϣǰܣ
˲
ʧɫǾ޴θæתһ֣һɫâ
һ𣬸ǿֲϢתͷ󺧣ʲô
콣۵УĮ֮ɵ˽вģ
ৣ

Ѫ쮽ǼӲĺף˿סŷâʱ㱻ȣһ򣬰ŲҺͨһˤµȥ
һ֣ͫ׽뿪һɫȥȻ֮£ؽ磬ǧ֮ңɢ
ߣʶľ͸Ӱʯ͸ɣ
һ䣬ŽתףʧٴγʱȻǰ
󾪣ҲǸæųףڷ콣֮£ЩȫգҲգۼ䱻׹䡣
һɫâ£ס
ǾٴתҪȥ׽ʱȴǺһͣףϼһôˣˣ
ۣɵĺܿ죬ǸˣҲҲˣ
ɵٿ죬֮ۿ𣿡
ɫ۵ͫɢʮɫâɵ㵽δֻҪ¶ͷ;Ӳ׷١ͫʮأ磡
ˣ
Ǿ޴ĽɫͫȻĹâȻһصѸţʮǧ󻩵һ£һƬı߽ʥĵؽʧ
ˣɽͷ޾ѹȺ־۵ʵȻ˽ģĵܵܣ֣ҲûлĿܡ


1307 ŵһ
ۣڽУܲˣ
ᣬֻҪĿûʱв˰֣ۿһԵĽһۣȴɫȥս˵ǰϹ˽˵˳㿴ĵܵܡߣ
һ䣬һתʱʧ۸æϡ
ʱһյĴƽԭϣһ޼ʣˣֻʮϤӰʱ
ģһռ䲨۶˵ˣ̧ȥȴûпˣֻǽһǰаЦܵܣΪˣͲ¡ô˼δ𣿡
ϣڣоԴ棡
˿һȻȻڸκ氮ҲԵʰɣҪƬأҲ̵ġ
ʱûۼԭ򣿡
ܰɣƤ΢΢ͷ
һЦֹסҡԴʧˣһֱΪȻĹﲻڻ㲻ȥû뵽磬һݹû뵽ʲôʱĻ֮ȻһɫҶˣ
˵ļƻʱұȰ裬ܿұͷΪ̫˽㣬˵飬ζı䲻ˡǰ¶ҵ簵ֹЧ
͹ҵļƻ͸¶⼸ϼһһʾ¿ٹǼȥ͵Ҫҳͨ԰ɣ
ᶶ˶ŭݣϧֻѾҹˣ̽ʵûôסǼʰ֮̽Ҳ٣ߣ
ɫ䣬༸ۻһۣһĶ׾ͽʥ׽ãʵɲ⣬ҪԴˡ
ֻһӣվǻŭشȵ̫ˣˣĿͫϷ£
ϣⲻǷ캣ûȥ͵ܵĪٷӡ˫ͫ𣿡
бƳƳ۲ЦνʿյĿǧǰ飬Ҳ˼԰ڣڵ㣬Լ۾סͫǺǣЦ
ԣϸŭתݺݵ˽ǱߣҧгݣģʮҴֿѣҪϷ򻹰Ѽ裬ȴΪη飬Ϸ򵶱򣿡
û˵ҿһֻۣǵʹԴɫ

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ײͣŰźڿһ
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龰ڳ󾪣һλڷߵվеۣѺôˣ
ƤһԵ׿ɵת׿һһԵߣֿһºӰⲻͬһԭʱҲڳ
ǽԣȴ׿ٴδʧɫӶ͹ˡ
ģҲȥһȥĵطЩȥʰЩǣ
ЦЦɨڳˣôһͷǾûԭ˵ĵ۾ǿ׳ѽ
ɫһһأ˵ɫЩңǰûףЩˡ
ֻ˲䣬ǶӦɲǹ۾ͽʥ޷캣ɵˣǿ
֮ǿȻ˵֮ô
ʿ֮ʱȴ̤ǰһƽصվȡжǿֻǲΥеĵ˶ѣ
һ𣬾ĵȵۿУ˼ɫҲüᶨ顣
Ϊ˵Ƶߣ˵𣬶Ӳ˶ǿ޹أֻǱȥ
һҪԵɣԼĵܵܲţǰδ£Ӷܾ˼ҫ
ʮֿ϶ص˵ͷȻҺѡУΪƵߡţԼĵԼ߳ģҵľҵĵն˽飬һ㣬ҶκɫʿԣҲоκ鰮ˣҲԽã֮ɹҾУ˶ʤ죡
ãȻѾǾûʲô˵ˡͬΪıڵͳϵĳͻֵܣҲûʲôˣ
̾һͻȻų˹âһ̤͵˳ȥȻұз˵ĵ۾ǣʧɡ磬ǣ
ݣ
λ۾ˣҲԿÿ϶˼ᶨΣ˵סۣҪȹһأ
䡭
һ˷زϲɽѡʮ֮ضȻ棬ռ䣬ڵĶߣһ£ݲ
ͣ£Ѿûǳֻ޾ĺڰϯ˼䡣ȴĿռѷ죬ռ䷨޲¡
ۺ˵ۣȻ˺ۣǰҲ̲סڵأڴڵ³Ѫ
ֻһˣȻҲƣ۲֮ȴûа˵УǼ
ʤѷ֣Ȼˣ˵𣬹
һЦʮһɫ⻷
ˣ
ڵϿգĳһֻ޴ĽɫͫɢżΪֲһʱøңͯ۸ֹסЦͷΥˡ

һεĲ͵ش㣬Ӹ߻۵ӵʱ֧飬ɢ˼䣬ֻеϼǵ꣬ڿвεƺڸ̾串֮ղԶİˡ

Ȼһ绮˵껹ûӦôʱǰ߲ϼ⣬ȫһȥ˰ӵߣǾ֮˺ڣ˵ĽڣҲɳǵ۾ߡ
ô£
üͷһһֵؿ򽣵ۣǽҲĪҡԴҲ֪ҵĵ۵·ܿˣ
磡
ʱǰ˵ˣǹһĨЦݣҶϾżˣûе۾ʼղһңڼżǰҶ˼㺬塣һ޵ǰƽƵٸһλᡣʼţǧ飬˵ģ
£еȫأɢƲϣҲһ̲ͣʴɢ
еľŵ۾ȴڲںϣγһ߲ʾƣ͵Ǿͫȥ


1308 ѡ

ɫӡݺϣʱ÷顣
һ۵һ³һѪҺˡٴ̧ԴɫҰףںнʧӰ˫һ󶶶ţȻõһ˲ϾߺߣãܵܰӮˡվ˵ˡ
żģֻҶˡͨػһأƸԭ´˭ң㲻ǽ˼ʱ䣬ӳٰˡʤߣңߺߺߣ

Ȼڴʱһһֻ߲ϼУһۺɫİֱǰ
һЦ۲ÿɷ񣺡ۣ㱾Ҳֲ͵Ϯ㡣ͫռϣ
ৣ
һʮϣʱǰǺɫʸ赲⡣۵ð˰ͷмƲƲ죬Ǽ
žžž
Ǿʱͻ۵ͫȻ񱩵ϵʱžѿֻۺʸ͵ڣһʱؾֻͫҲȾ˷ۺ졣
ۣ㲻𣬿𣿱ƻڱνԣȴġ˵ãҪˣ㻹ߺߣ
⡭ܡ
ӱͨ죬۽ҵ׽ΪλᱩȻҳ͵ϮͿ϶ϣΪʲô
ɫϼһһõӰȴԪ񣺡ΪӮǰȻˡƻû˻֧֣ηͫ˿ƣ׻˸һ˿ڣؼʱͨҽ˰ɣµһۣ
ܵܣ벻ʤߣȻ㣡
˫ȭ߬߬һʹؿ𻯵ĵܵӰȴ¶аЦݣɵƯȻСһֱ֮ϣβòϣӮˡǼ۾ֻʣκˡƣֻҪһʱ䣬õİ֣Ӯңң
һתףߣǿ֮˱Ҫ뿪۾Ҳκβǡ
ȻڴʱѾҷĵܵܣȴǺ˫¶һ˿ȻЦݣţ磬һ㣡
ã
һͣûлֻǳ󣬶˵Դҧƣҵ㣡

䣬ۼŽһ̤ʧܵҲŨŨУ׻ҷ𡣺ϵӰʹʧֻпһе׿¸̾
Щ۾սֵܷĿֻڵ֮ͬȴ˽˶Թ
˵ĶԹǰδģΪȫħ档ħûп֮
ѹֵ˵߲භǰϵĲ֣ΪıΣȻԺԲˡ
˵Ǳܵ˵ġ
Σ
׿磬Ķȴһϵת׿ȥȴߣʱһæ£֪ǰǾħۣոնðˡ
ЦŰڰ֣ĲΪ⣺񣬲ؾҾ㿴ϹŶԹΣ
ô
üͷ壬׿˼Сؿһۣ૵֪Ϊд¼ͨˣ
ŶӰеֲңܿҵľ
ȻҲͨ濴ģֻǸոոǰұ㷢֣ǰǰԡҲˣ̽ʥôܺŵľ¼ԺҲСЩ˵ĵİˣٺٺ١
ȿȣ
ɿһĲӣΣҲ֪ħƵߣħҪ˽ħ͵þ̽˵ö֮еְҵˣ㲻ϸֻ㣬۵ܵкθд
ɫһ׿Ĭ˼ãţħ˽֮ҲΪˣΪ²ûô󰮡۵ܾܵȻΪԸϴˣԵջ󣬱Ͼͬľ磬ƿذûˣԸеĵΪ·ף͸ܿɹ̾磡
룬Ҳ֮Уǡ
ԴȴǺ̧ͷֿ˵㣬𣿡
һ׿ؿ૵ң
ȷе˵ǰ
ʱһϵһϤ߳ǰ׿һϳ㲻ڤǸڶô
ܣˣֻشۣǰ
΢΢һЦָ̧ߵҲЦͷţڤģϷĲϧѾۻˡɵֻأǿ㣬Ƿﵽˣ̳ǰʸ񣡡

һ׿ãˣ⾿ô£Ǹ۵ܵҵǰѾûе۾лҲɢģѵֻأⲻܰҷ˰
࿴˿ЦžĿȻҷأ׿
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ƾͨ𣿻˵㵱ʱԱûȫʧһֱԼ˲ˡⲿ꣬ƾʲôأ
Ƥ׿Ȼ򣺡۾
Ϸĵ۾һֱڻ꣬𣡡
ЦŵԴ۵ܵϷ㵱ϣԼĵ۾һƲл꣬תϷԼҲתˣֻȥͨˣٲʲô۾תˣ
΢΢㶣׿Ҳתˣǡ
һ˿Ӱѡ
³һֻش۽͵˵һ˿ִӦֻ֪תˣὫԼƽ䡢ܵһ£ľһֻصġΪģۿٻƻ̳еҲĿˣ
ζӳ£׿˾һۣӰ񣿡
ǰ궼㣬ǸִӰ񡣴ִ֮ʧͻɢˣǻЦݣ׿ͷһѡ񣬼̳еûصصŵԣֹҪôʲôҲ쵽ֻˣ
üͷһ׿еѡ˭Ը
ȻѡԼĵѡ񣡡
΢΢һЦµҲ˵ˣ˽ħǰǵĲ̳ͬвǷ˵ͬһˡ
Ƥᶶ׿һصԴ磬ʲôǼٵģֻԼģԶٲˡħ켣ô꣬ô˵ͱ䣬Ϊ֮أ˵ҵΪʲôѡħ
Ϊһֱҵħ۾Բתɺˣ᲻Ȼƫѡħ˵ĶҲһ
ôڿң
һ׿ǲݳ˳飺ȻˣΪһʼһ۾ǲֻоʦһԸΪҿңȫ


1309 
ȻЦЦĶ˱˴˶һۣÿɷ
ɾɫ͵ʹǼϼһˣȲ֮٣˶ڻ۾֮⣬᲻þأֻΪ˳¼ΨϷˡ
¼
ǰʱҲˣӽϾʱ̣㽫ŵһʱʱ˵ĽۣҲƲסԼĵ۵ˡ
âĽţϷ϶̤Ͼ;˵۾ľŵһط򣬾һҲ俹Ĵ˵ĵ۵ٳٲֻۣڵһʮһӾŴ˵ϴף
Ҳ˵Ǹ۵ܵܣ۲۵ѾѡУƹʮˡⲢҪֻϣŶ֮
ӦѲ⣬ҲԼ֮Ķ֮˭֪أǵ۾Ҳ˵ԼشϾҲǡ
˫䣬ţȴҡҡͷˣЩ˽ģģֻѭǵĵȲΣѼ䣬˶ѡԣʣôħ󻯾ɰٴûԣ⹦㽫ʮڻִͨϣֻʮһӦֻһˣͲٳˡˣҲе֮֮ҡ
Ȼصͷ׿ףΪ˱۵õ֮ƹصλ˵ֻǡǲ۴ӣ
ߵ۾˹켣أ˭ҲֻϷĵ۵ָȥ̽ħħףħѡħѵ㣬ڸ̽ǻħﵽͨĵĴ֮⻰˵ףȴϼѡжˣħƿأħأ
ֹסԴ׿ипʦ˵ĲҲСħ֮þǻǰɫɫħ֮ˣеĸµħҪѡҺһȽϿģʲߵ죬ȻҲһɱ˷ŻС֮ͽɡħݵģǺǺǡ
ݸƨ
Ƥֹסһһ֪֪ϷΪ˵ˣ˶ˣ
ţӦǧɣ
ϸϸ˼һ£׿ָͷ㣺ʥ˼⾰תȥǧ꣬꣬СгɹҲඣǰɣ
η۶ĲֻشȴǹһЦһǧ꣡
ʲô˼кܶ𣿡
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һۣĵħ󻯾ҪһеںϣԱ뱣ÿһԼֽһҲ˵ǰĵͳȫϵÿתһᱻһμ䡣õ¼ҲôζѣҺγɹˡǰΡߺߣҪȻŵòҪȻǸͽһȲԸԷΪͶȡɣӲ߻ħˡЩСħĴ⼸һûٷʣǺǣ
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ô˵֪ˣ
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Ϊβֹ
Ϊʲôֹ΢΢ʼ磬ħЦԴ־¼תôΣĴǣžͲ³ǵļƻˡƻҲƣԼˣҲ޷̤۵Ľ磬ǰͲ۴ơȻͻϾ֪²ܴﵽƣ𣬾͸Ӵﲻˡܹʮһ£ֶΪ
˵Ŀ۾ҲһҪںϵ۾ȴܡ񿴵Ϸħ󻯾Цɳ˰ɣֹأѵû֣һֱƲƻ𣿡
üͷ׿˼ɻɣҪħ󻯾Լ˲𣿻ҪٷŻȥһó
ħ󻯾һʲô񹦣ԷΪֻˣڵ۾ҲҪˡ
һЦ̧̧üͷôһǼٶ֪ͨһϾǿ۾ɵķΪҪħеķգԵƣһп塣ۣҪѡ񣿡
Դ׿ͬҲԣ͵ˣαٰأȻߵĴйأɴ󡣼ǵ۾Ҳû
ǰû̫Ҳûϣֻܵܣһġϧʮֻأƺħûʲô츳ʵڿȥһڳˣרŵ㲦㡣ȻЧǲһ㣬ϿˣǺǺǡ
Ƥֹס鶯׿ʱôڿǸ۲ңһģҿ̣
˵ˣֹУһжǿϲģǹͬӣȻĿĲͬʱڣǵһµģ
ôô˵Ҳ׼ඣ
Ȼ׼ħ󻯾һ̣ʼָ˵ͷЦʥڤǲڲͬؽ磬ƵЯŵ۾ͨطѨǱ뷲ףǼƻĴݡΪһߣⲻðգڷɽÿ߱ȥ֮أ뷲ףӦҲȥɣ
ûȥأ
ǵһ׶Σ㣬͵ڶ׶η
ڶ׶η
ԣԸ⽫Լĵ۾ͳȥʱ򣡡һ¶ȻЦݣħ˽ԸΪ˶׳ԼĴ˵Ѿħƾħ󻯾ħ߾硣ʱ˹켣֣Ƶ۾ͻ㣬ȥܸ۴Уﵽƻеĺɰٴ
ԭˣ
һжˣ׿˫磬ԭԼһЩǿ߻һй켣ﵽĳһ̶ȣһ׶Ρ
ﲻӹµһսܶʼΪľǴǸԵ档
ôԼǵﰡ
˰ڲģֻȫľҡҡͷɫһࣺڣ֮ǾˣľҲҲˣһжԼУǵ²
ԣ׿̧ڶֿѲͷǺãʼɣҽǰĴС


1310 ս
Ŷԭˣ
ҿڣʥΧһǰ˽ͨ͸ֹס̾ô˵׿ˣ
ͬΪȴమɱֵܡ΢΢ͷת׿ڣۺ׿ʮֻһǵõʮ֮һǾʮ˭ϴ˭ִأǧ顣
üͷ壬ôҪǡ
Ϊ׿ȡʱ䣡
һǾâ£Ҫ֣ȸҺǼˣʥ塣
࿴ͷ
ţֿһԵĽͯҲϷ꽣۳ɵ֮аΪ׿ħĶ֣彣ˣ
ã
˫ͫһͯȭͷҲǽ߬߬нս
ܹЩõ˴ֻЩˣֻʥ²˳٣ϴ뿪ǰȥֻһڣƺûʲôš
ƺ˼Ҳ־ȵλԸҸģ
ƺһϴСƺ֪ҪʲôƵģг˾ᡣ
ȻһЦƺ֮̾£ѣ˭Ӵ١ȻС񵱳Χܽһռŵġв۾ܹʱ䣬ҲǼõģ𣿡
˵ţƺǴ̤뿪˼Ҳһĸϣȫ־֮ɫ
һΣѲֹֻǾıĿ죬׿ܹأپƺһΡ
ƺս˾Сڣưĵؽ磬ûаԥһ֣˻ǱŸ·Сȥ
Ǹճ嵽С߽⣬һ죬˳ȥڿбɢѣΪѪɽգۼ䣬
˼ˣ㷣Щոչ˳ҵĻ֣Ĳ˫ѷ
ԭұˣȴûһ˵ӣǣѽ֮⣬׾˵ְʲô
ǰΪ˱һС۹İգǱ²Ϊ棬ֿˡ
Ϊǣ֪ǰ·ûκôҲặηǰ壬ϾǣΨһΪԼˡ
Ǻұ£һ쳹ʥĸ֣ԼѪ֮ײŽ磬ǧʮ򣬾޴ı쳹ؼ䡣
ȻĽ磬ǼʧٶˣҲûаôģҲܲǵĳ֣˴׼ˡ
ݣ
һӰŽݺ࣬Ҫǰ֣̼仯Ϊҷɡһ췢ˣǰȣһȺϣҪĻԼҿᲱϵȥﳳʲôҼޣ
ô̫ˣǾΪģ
ǻȻЦݣƺĵܴŵĻǵҲ׷ѣ
Ƥᶶ췢пʣô˵ΪһҼˣֵ𣿡
ֵã
һƺٴλ֣׺򸾶˱ٴһڸֳǰηǿƣӡȻȥ
䣡
һ죬ָӣǳ˱ȫҷ𣬰ҳŹǣҲûˡ
ƺԴˣȴƤûգһ£û˿ҡһ֣˫Ҫǰ壬˿ûΪղŵĲܵӰ졣
˫΢΢һ£췢һۣ۵һԻ
ôЩĶߣϷɲţ
ţǺ췢һ˸ȻƺǰûֹֻܹһУץסƺĺͷЦͷУǵָ߰ɡˣǾһɢɳϣǿ߶ûУöԸˣߺߣ
ôǾԿɣЦһƺûһ˿η壬ɫƽˣɲΪˣһ㡣ˣͻᷢ˭Ӳˣ
Ҳܻһһհ
ʹˣΪΪԼƴ𣿡
ѵ𣿡
ЦҡҡͷƺʱЦ˵۵£Ǹ̫ãѾ˵ǿһ档Ҳƽʱλ׼ۻǣڲˡΪǵǱ뱣ˣ
ƺ񷵴Ҳڳ˶Щǿߣ˱֮ģȥȴһͣûκγɣŭһȺӵǰ档

һƻƺɳȥѪڵ棬ȻûϢǺ췢һЦƳЩȴһ
Ϊ֣ͷˣЩƺ޶ԣûгɵûСƺո˵һ㣬ǲҪ˴ͷ֪ԼҪʲôˣһһɵס
ߣ
Цλ׼۵Ⱥ㣬һɱķѪɣȾƬաǹǣ޾ɱûдһҺ
վԺǰһʲôҲû˵תȥ۷ǰפ㲻վ
һڲŴѯʣĺɣû𣿡
ۣǾ޵ģϲˣ
ߺߣһȺĶԱľһЩͷأ
ǰ޶ۣ֪ԼùǼ֪ҲɣǻһȻЦݣֹס̾ϢһǵһμһȺϼ׼ۣɱġѵΪ׼ǰռ𣿡
û˵۳Ĭ΢΢˵ͷתȥ
ɱûֹͣһս࣬ѪˮȻȾƬأԼʬ˾С䡣
λ׼۵ǰǷ·Ѫ͵ĳǽڲƽҲһȻ
Ҳıµɫɫ࣬ˣǵһμһȺһȺġ
ѵǰ
ǺǣȻǣķǼȴûһ
·һ̣е඼һˣ˵кηӢۡȻֻһ봫˵ġ
ڣȺˣ
ƽҷһ
ৣ
һ޴Ӱ֣췢еʱʾԼʥһѳ콣ңңָ棺ϧڣٸǰϷֻˣ
ȫûĻ㣬е޶ԡ
Ǻ췢һЦͷܺãϷǡȥɣ
ݣ
һâ͵ػˣɢϢһУɼᶨˡ

ǣĽâûǰȻȻ飬һСӰأ䵽ǰ׳𣺡ۣ

񱩵쫷ϯ죬λ׼۱Ƶˣһ󺧡СԺĽ۸һ澪ؿԺ⣬ȵ۾ϢСӡɵˣ


1311 ۳
顭
һ˷漴Ҳȫ˰ǰǿƣðһͣһ죬ʥȫѿˡ
´󺧣ֹסˣɫ
ʥޣ൱ۣǾȻֻƽƣͷʥʵ࣬治Եơ
׼Ȼ˵۾Եĵ۾֮ġ
ƺϣϡ
̧ɨѻɽʬͨܿ㿴˼ϤӰʱͫһɣ˫ȭ߬
ˣҲɨʬһۣ̲סҡͷ̾Ϣ޶۰ôʲôãϷ˵һ䣬Ǿ䣬Ǿ͡
Ҳ࣬˵
һֻתֿС֮ڣۣϷЩſڵ࣬˵𣿡
һ𣬽һԺ⣬ɫ΢۵ƺ֮
ʱ۵𣺡ģϼһڻ㣬ȥ˶ϰɣ˵֮
ݣ
ƿһ߲ϼⶸ뽣һƶȻǣۣ㽫۵ˣ
ҵ콣ľҵġҪʮȻĽҲûʲô顣˹ؼʱ̣ܹصֻ㡣ȥɣǰ˸ˣסЩǣ
ಡ
˵ţһ߲ϼĴ۷ڷɳתСԺֱӷɵǰ˸ʥǰѹȶվֱ׼ڡ
ʱ䣬һ𣬷·ƶ񱩵ƣض𶯡
⡭ǡ۾
żâ췢̲סЦ۴˹Ȼûƭǣ۾ҵȣҵͻƵ۾ɱԸ
֮Ҳǲɵ˷ĪЦ
ֻˣ俴һУ޶ԡ
ݣ
һӰӰ֣ǰһ׳Ϭֱָˡ
ˣһֻᶶţģڳˡϷѣΪҳ֣
岻ȫֻ˵Ǹ
ߣн˵˽ֻԼ콣ˡ˴ˣǸɽɵ
һ½ͯ򣬽ƳȥƵ콣˽ǿҲ֪ɡǾԣƾǿǸĽʤһɣ
ϣ
һ̧ͯһڳָħ콣ҵ۾ʤǰǰսɣ
ǺǺǡãֻһλƵߣȻǶǽ۾ΣҪģЦһսⰻȻһ̤ţ͵ͯȥ
ͯҲãһɣգۼѳ˲佻һ𡣲ѣǧ档
ৣ
վֱ˶ԷڣԲһ̣¡¡һѣ񷶼ըѿʱһڿռ䣬Ҳǹ⡣
Ȼһ˴󺧣Щ߸ˣٲǰһǵǺˣֻףʱ˿̣ѰﲻʲôæֹܷۣͿǵˡ
һƬҶƮڶм䣬ͯͽ۶ûҶ䵽ϵһɲǣһӰ
ţĴ̶쳹ؼ䣬ȴΨӰҲֻʥ޺Ͱλ׼ۣܹǵĽݺᡣ
˷ܵش˴ƣǰλ׼ҲЩˣʥޣЦһʥȵ۾ҵȸոճƵۣλͽһ֪ɷ񣿡
ǣ
üͷһʱмƲƲ죺»ûʸɣ
ɫ΢췢ЦûʸԾ֪ˣ

һ̤ţ췢еȥ༸ҲϡЦҡҡԴʥޱ˴˶һۣӭϡ
Ǻް˵ײһ𣬿񱩵ɢܸ䡣˴۾ǣֻһжѣǰ˸װƲɵ׼۱ȫڵأӿѪֹס¶
ôܣ
ͫɵúݺ˴󺧣Ѿǵ۾Ϊô׾ͱʥ޴ܣ
һЦмƲƲ죺ʲô۾α۶ѡҪƵۣôףҪ֪۾ڱϲ꣬Ϊһ棬ɳɵ޵ǽڵĵ۾ȴ۾Уǲϣܷӳ۾
ⲻܣ˵ֻҪӵе۾ܳΪ۾ôᡭ
ƭǵģȻĻԼˣ䣬Ϊأ˵ڷӦҲ̤۷С̰ɱ˫۰ǺǺǡ
ЦҡԴÿɷǰλ׼ۣҲ¶Ī֮ɫ۵ã
ʱһ챬ӰٴηֿСֻֽͯݣȴֱȾһ˿ϼ
׿˿ֱϵѪٿͯ¶ȻЦݣӮˣӽǽۣ
ҵģҡͷͯ۴ɻ󣺡Ϊʲôȫδ֣
û˵ת׿ȴֻǳĬ
ģ
Ȼʱһһֻ˶ĽɫͫȻھ֮ϣջѡ˵
ֹͫסһ˼ۣ
ۣҵǷģֲԸ㡣Ұڵ˽£ҲȻ޺ˣ
Ҿ֪ĽȻǴ콣򵱳ܽĵ۵ҲסЩ֪ĽܼЩҲû̵ڿ֮٣
ˣ
һ㶣Щ׼ۿգ۴ˣǷˣ
ߣȻϣѾܺˣѾﲻʲô۵ڣֱ˷ѣһ𶼻ɣ
ãȣ쳹񷣬һʱաλ׼۾ȴգʧǾ֮ͫС
ޱ飬ҲһǾۣˣۼֿ죬æߣһס󣬴еģ˵ףʲôлϷˣ
콣ԶᱳΨһģҵĵȥǸܷʮһˣ
ۣ
ָһѺˣ۾ô˾޴ͫСֻʧǰȴȻȣ֣ˣϣ㲻ᱻ
ģ
˻һֻͫڲסҲͬĵ۵Ŀա
ݣ
ͬʱƿ죬ǾСʱѿһɫӰطɵǰһ̤ɽϣɨ·һһ֣ȵǣ˰죬棡


1312 ׼Ͼ
ۣ
ɫ䣬׿ϤӰƤֹס鶯ţȻ뿪˾Сѵѽ⣿
һЦ۲мƲƲ죺۵ҵУҵⲻֻЩӬ̫ˣһûȫЩ۵ǾѣֻȽˡ
ֻǡһϣһأ˹ָЦ
ᶶ˶ҲʧЦһҪǵ̫ʧ۾ˡ
αбһۣϼһ㻹ǸǰһǱǰɸˡҪȺŹȺŹʲôɣ
ಣ
ֻһ̤һ㱣أóм䡣
̲ͫסһ󺧣ǾȻûаֲǸæ֣סס뾢ȫ˹ȥ
۶Դˣȴ˿Ϊ⣬һΣʱΪһӰʧٴγʱСϿգ¶ɭ׵ݣˣ֮ӰɣǺǺǡǸɱġҸǸǣҲҵϣ

һָͷͨһȴʮɽѹƵģͨʱѹ˵صףҲ֮ѿ
ۣ
һѪˮͨݵʱҰ
ǡӰ۵Ķ֮аԵ۵޾üͷݺݶ˶ʱʧɫȻ۵ĵ۵ˣӵ˶ͨ
ڼ㲻ÿͫⲫսҲѴ֮ЦЦ۸߰ذԴ
ಣ
ʱһڽâֱȡԴ
һбƳһۣ˫ָ£һһâըѣһգ۳嵽˽ͯǰɳȥˤڵءͷλãȻѪӿһء
۱ǿȻҲˣ
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ֹסһȻľǽ۽ĽʹҲ׽ͯҰܵز
ǺǺǡǽ۽ҲĽҪ֪׿ħ󻯾ˣҲᡣħ󻯾ãǽһ۵Ľ׿ĽҲ콣ħһټϱʹΪǿһҪɱǣֶβҪ̫డ
ɫԽ࣬˸оڵĽ۱ǰˡûгЦ֮٣Ҳܽһ
˿۲ţʥԭתǬ󣡡
ճһ˻ֳԼɣ졣桢ȸǣҲŻ
ͨǿվһͬ롣
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ಣ
޴ΣȴֻʥޣΧһȦΧڣתǿγһУ۰У䶯һһ
һУҲƽ磬Զų

ʮɫʥ֮šģһɼΪֲĺɫʱǰ
ǡ
ٺٺ١һֱõ֮һ͸㣡ǻѪȺâȳ
Ҳ۷䣬ţϣ֮ɫϣʥ޺۳Ľӽ۷ش
Ȼ۶Դȴǲÿɷ
֮ǺǺǣϹʱ˷ܵġֻϧڣòˣ
ͫ
ˣ
µ鷢ˣͫкڵףͫĵɫĹ⻷ڷ⣺׿𣡡
䡭
񱩵˷رѿ֮ͬʥʱϳɵѳ˴˶Գ壬γһױȵĳ˲ͽ޸˳ȥֲĺɫһкǧ֮ΪޡһЩûüܺԶĻǿߣҲգ
ɲǹ֮ңһԡ
ָۣǹѪԵЩ׿ͫ㡭㡭
ǰҸող˵ôһУˣ
ǻһ䣬۳˵ܵܰΪ˼¡ȻܽˡҲҶ̣ӵ졣ֻʥ޵ġôڣұȫǣǹҲҶˣǺǺǡ
һа죬ۺĴȣǾȴ㿪ʼɣƻƿգ
ৣ
ֲףʮɰ뾶Ǿ޴ȥ˲Ϣ
龰󺧣һĶʱ³ȥ
ˣͷҪˡ

ȻҪʱȴǺıɢɽ
΢΢һ۶ʱͣ£ȥɢǰģȴһϤӰ
һϮ£ӭƮһֻǰǿֲֻ£¶һ޶ֻͫ
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׿
ȻһۺȴЦһҡҡԴܵܣֻش׿˿лָ꣬ˡֻһΣǼأ
һ鶼ûУ׿ƽˮȴ¶һ˿ݸҡҡͷ۴ˣˣ׿ܡ޵Ĳħ
ڵѵǵܵܵüͷһɻ󣬡ǰĹϵ˵ҲͬһˡһȻһʧҵǸɵܵ˵ֹңôܻʧôܱõ
΢΢һЦ׿ÿɷ񣺡˵ûʧˣһˣֻҸֹ㣬ﵽϾ޿κʱҲΨҲֹ
ʲô˼
˵Ͼ൱ڴ˵е񡣿ħܽλģֻħһ̣׿죬ȻҪħزôħһʼǶ⡣Ȼʦ˵۵ܣҵãڤڤ֮У֮ԸŶħڵң
ߣƾʲôңħ̤Ͼ
ô
ǻȻ׿ȻţҲ˵ϣҴһţӹ˶ûżҲһǺǺǡ
Ƥһһۣһţߣ˵˵Ͼﲻڲ׼϶ѣ̸θ׿Ҳ֪ĵҵܵܵкβͬ飬Ѷ̤֮ʱֻ֮شҲˣ⣡
ˣ
䣬ϵֻ޴ͫٴһɣ׿


1313 ̫ͫ
䣡
ֲѹٴأڳˣپһ˫ȷ·Ǧ㣬ƶֺ
һ̣濪ʼѣɽ飬תеһУ·㣬Ϸɳ۹ȥȻǾ޴ۣʧ
׿ʥҲˣеһǿҪȫǿµĿն֮С
ֻ죡
ܿ죬׿˫һϣϼƼƮݳ뵹âȻ͵һ١
ৣ
ϼֱϾ죬ѸɢԽԽֻգ֮䣬ͽǽɫͫȫڵҲʧ
ǰĶٴֵֻͨͨʥ޸ˤ߻ءĵȴǼ־죬׿ʵ治֮ˣȻ׾ͻĿͫ
ʮѪ֮УǱĬĸı䣬սʤ㡭

Ȼĵ׸ոһ˿ϣһȻǿγһױȵ˲ɢܡ
ǻûӦô£ǰɳȻƷɳȥˤһزſͣ¡̧ԴǰʱȴǱУ׿ˣȻһȭ˫ȭ֣Ŀбŷս⡣
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޴ֹס˶һ̾ǿֲҶͬʹȭֱ൱Եһ㡭׼ϵʵԵҲ󼰡ѹָոֻನ׽ˡ
ԣʥҲصͷͨǵؿ˽ֲµȭ棬ô׺ۣ˭Ӯأ
⡭жϡüͷһҡҡԴֻǽŶ˷Ѳ亹
ֻȭͷ˴ԣǱ׿۶˻࿴ţȴǲ˵һһɰȭͷϷһ˲ͽ׿ɳȥ
˻
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ߺߣǵȻʮվڴ۾ϡ۾ϣõǼϼһﴫУôܱȵϱ

һ̤ţʱ̤ȥ֮֮㣬׷ɵ׿ţЦǣΪʮ۴пƺⱾ𣿺ߺߣղǳȫ۶ѣ
ৣ
һ˲׿ǰһצֱ̽ȡķλãֻشңҲʹˣ
ݣ
һ㱣׿˲仯һӰɢ
Ӱ۵Ӱݣ
üͷһ죬Цٸ翹ˣʮͨұӲģ
ಣ
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׿ת˼򣬶԰۵׷𣬷ԽճԽüͷҲ
ڣڶӰУֳֻ۵ӰҪʱȴ̤Ĳ㱣ǧ֮⡣
üͷһһҲ̤ͬת˲׷ϣߺߺߣͯ۵Ʋ׽ԲֻϧЩϼһﴫͨȫζӳҵģ
Ĳǵĵ۵۴·̣ȴһ֪һһʽУ̺ľΣ
ֻҪǵ۵ɣͻ۷壬ֺᣬ˵ۣ
Ϊ㲻֪Ҳף˵ΪΣĺʱƱ񣬹Уֺʱɶƣηڴ˵ʬϰǣΪ֪ãȴɸԼۣ
ƮӰ׿ݹƽĵʲô֪õʮĲǵĵ
ۣ
ôʱ˲۽׿ǰְצһѲţɢ˷֮ɫ׿ʤЦݣҪľЩϵľûҪȥᣬǺǺǡ
ৣ
ݺݵؽִ׿ڳȴûκѪɫֻһ߲ϼɢԡ
ˣֻشڱõˡ
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ͨһڵأ·ȫ龡Ƶģ̱һƬ༸ޣҲŵؿȫסˡ
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ħ
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˵ţ̧ͷ˿߲ϼ⣬ڽɢ޴ͫٴνѹ˼䣬ֹסǺǺǣƾֻشõֻĻҲɢˣأΨҶ㻹ôʰң
ۣħһѭжĥ򣬴ħСħ׵ħɴħܽĶħǾ͸ҳˡϾħʴܼңħͳܣ
ţ׿һ£ҵְʹȰһΣְɣ
ضţЦôۣҪһħʹܵõͷϣ˵ʮ
ЩȥͺãνҪҲãҲںҾʮͲЩģ
˿׿ǻЦݣֻأҲʶԼҪҵĶʲôҲԵ㡭Ҷ֣½ף򡭡
Σ
ݺһ˦۰۵ʱЦԲѵСӣ㴦·磬Ҹƣⶼҵʣµģһס񱾵Ĵֻһˡһ˭ֹң
䣬۵ʱвϼһԶӽתȥ׿ôƽţʲôҲ
ˣ
ģǾ޴ͫطǿĲĿĽâܷɢţֲƵǿҲǽ˫ȫһתͷ޷ƮͬڵĹԵаȡ

ڣϵľͫ͵һ˲ʧ˼ˣ֣һ̣һβ񷾹ȻȫĲ԰ɫʮĿɫ⻷˸š
ͫʮأ̫ͫ
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1314 Ԫ
⡭⡭
ŵȶˣڵأһֹסˣ۾Ȼȫ񷡣Ѿƿ֮ڣϴ֡ˣҲûֹˡ
ԣҲһң˾֮ɫ
ֻ׿ƽƽô죬ʱ˿ȻۣݣҲǲɵЩ
ô㲻𣿡
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żˣҲܵô
΢΢һЦ۸߰ԴⲻͬףҲǿͫὫɢٽһ磬ûκǵ磬ٿ˵ûκζڣǲܱɢġ
ž
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𣿡
мƲƲ죬۸߰ԴƿءôͰϹʱƻǰ㣬ɡҪǵʧһ磬
һЦ۶ͷ̫֮ͫϵâҲңӦţĿâһɫĹԣ·ɴƮؼ䣬ɽ壬СϪ֮䣬Ǳɴǵģݵһ£ȫɢ١
˼ˣʧɫæ޴ΣΪ¶أǧյȻˣ
ǣһʧǵĶ֮أ
ʱǸն㵽һɽգ۹ɽûˣɵǻĴҶ㣬Ѱѵء
һУֹסЦн䡣
ϰԼ˶ƿز˵Ĳݽ棡
׿ۿһУĬֱһƮϣҲʼɢ
ת׿¶ЦݣܵܣˡϹŵڣô꣬ĽȻû䣡
ǻټģǻаЦݣ׿ʧˣµǾ仰ȴһ
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һ棬ҳլԺڣеսʿȥֹˡֻѺͳǵŮ㵻档
ģձɫӾµâĿһУ˻ɢһ١
龰˲󾪣磬ȴ̲סҡҡԴ̾ʧˣ֮յˡǣ׿
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Ҫˣʲôã̾һҡͷ
һ֣ЦôȻҸȻããã岻䡣ڷôãʥҲôãԭҲˣҲҵġֻҪ֪㣬ֻһӻһУҲˡ
˵ţЦű۾һҸˮӣ

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һ۶ٴοֹۣסϷȥЩܹһﻯ߲ʾƣȴǸûаô
ڣۼУһǾƺݺϣ˲ʧǾƣҲʧеһУ·һΰ㣬ûƵġ
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