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1 
յӳճһϼĺͷʱĻعⷵաɽ۵Ĳݵϣ˫Ժ󣬿ﺬһСƬҶŶͫ׶գһߵһ㣬һ
ޣһƬҶգ߸ߵĵط˻α
죬ѵⱲӾ𣿡Ȼ
Ϊҳǵһ֮ӣļ峤СĿһĸֿʣ츳ȻóĽȴྶͥ
죬
ԭľ쳣᫣״ҲڲͬȻĸΪЧȷʵǿ⡣
һһεĴ˱ûйŬͬûĺˮΪõҩ࣬ǱһأʱգȻʮ죬ȴûһ˿
Ϊˣǰʱ½ɽˮݷҽˣϣҳʵԵɣԱٴﵽĳ̶ȡ
ɽȴʧ֮˭Ǵ½Ļʼ֣Ƕʦ޲ߣһΪӦǿǿгƾʹþܹͨͨ跽ɣľ̫ǿȥǾѣɲзϡԽܡ
ɴˣ˶ΪⱲǳ׷ˡ峤֮ӣ˷ٲȻ˴Ҳ෹ۻ⡣
ѵҪ𣿡
ܲζļңСĿȾеǿߣҳǵһֵĸΪҪվ۷壬˾
εĴ裬˵䳰ȷûзͷÿǶĶһĺصֻҪǿȻûһ˿
żڰֵգЩʧ뿪
壬壬塭
ߵɽʱһҵײУмűײź
ƺڴ򶷣Լû֪ս֮ʵܸߣǻûرܣæ˸ط
һɽʯ棬ⱻ֡նһĲҽС
컺̽ԴһܵĹУ˴Ӻһ͸أصصڵϡǰ˵صͬʱ¶˺Ϯߡ
һСߣź·ȫ˿ڣŴ˹
˵ڵϣûȥγԼĽȥǵصˣƺѰʲôֻһߵϱ¶ϲɫ˵ĻͳһĺɫСӣֻմѪ
ҡ
ۣ
ֻ˲䣬ߵĻȻֹһѷذ״š
ǣǣңҲҪ㣬棬汳
˵һ˽ءذɿ֮ʱСӵ棬иǱˤһźɫӹ˳˸Ĺ⡣
쿴ûжȥһֵӣһֹĸоͬʱԼĵƺʲôתţȫѪҺ
ñᣬûʲôζȻֱӽҧһҧǣͺ£ӱ㲻ˡ
ֻƬ̣ĵһޱȳӯĸоţȫľ쬵ģַ·ڴ˺ҧˬĸоһӱʹ̡
ǿ׳Ҳ޷ַ˵ʹ˹ȥ͵зһȴɽС
ΧΧ뵤֮Уһʱֹ֮ͣƤȫںڵѪգҲѪ
һʱȥˣ¹أǳܲɽֹɽϵĲݵˡĽë˶Ȼ۾
ôˣ
һӿԺ̶ֻոշһУ˲ˡ֮ǰʹȫʧȡ֮һַǳʵĸоϵĹֳζ
ʲôôţˣ
ǿ·˿ȫںһĶȳޱȣҸطϴϴУҪȥôˡ
鿴һǰߵʬ壬ʲôûУƷĿռָҲûУΨһעһͼ
üüͷ뿪ˣɲţʬҲûܣ˭֪û˸Ҫǵͬô졣Լôˣ˿϶ˣøϿȥ
ɽɽ׵һСϴϽ壬ְ·ϴϴֱšɴϣյĻȥˡ
Ǻ󲻾ãɽϵʬ߳ʮˣһˡлһĿݵߣǸտҲĺɫӡ
ѣ
Щ̿ʼʱɽ˸顣
ϣûУ
ɽе˺޶ץһһѣҪҲϵļһ鴤Ȼ£ҪҲǾͲû뿪ˣ
Щ˶˸սƬҲδͣٴ
ңԶҳǣ䣬һֻͼȻĿ
ϣҶ࣬龳ķϣҪɱң
ȺͬʱȴѾҳǡڣ͸оڡ
Ҫҳ˭󣬺ʣҳǵһҳǳҲ޾׵ʦӣǷ졣
ӵҳļһ壬бȱźԴһҳǵһָȴΪԼú壬ֻΪ˵Ц
עⶼѣÿڽֵϣҪܱ۹⣬ܲڡ
ǣжܱôҸʲôҰο
ô룬ĵ׻ӿֳǿҵĲģ䣬ⲻ
ⲻļҴķô˴Ķˣһ
üͷһ壬ҲûǣǰߡһŲӺܹһˣǰ˫ſ
峤ôûڽ𣿡
찵̾һεͣ½Ųղŵһ֮˽ķ磬ķɵĶӣһֱͷôǲ˳ۡ
סȥ·ķļҵԶףĸա
ʲô£û¿𵱵ص
ûʲôȱǮ峤ͽҵɡķٺЦ
ûУҲ˵꣬ߡ
ţķһĨĸֵסȥ·
ҪǲĻܲ
ͷŭ߬߬ȭͷ
ôܣƾ峤ʸҶ𣿡ķƲƲ죬ŲţҲֶŪ
˰裬ŭء


2 Һ
ǷŭޱȵףķĸЦԵá
˿˵ļһгȴģ֮ãΪֹҲؾѣҲͼˡ
Ϊףƽʱû¾ûõܣѴﵽƽ⡣ԼҲ˶踺أӲ˼ƽϡ
ƾǿ壬Կȴû֪֮
ιүҰ򡣡ķ䣬ָԼıӣµޱȣ
ȭͷ߬ýģһ¡ҡһ˿˿춯죬תһ˿˿澭ȼյĻѣɿҪĻɽ
򰡣һУķ粢֪ȻؽţƺԸ֡
ǿ벻̣ڳĬбڳĬ
޿ˡ
ķ磬ĸգڸʲôʱһŭһӰڼǰ
һͷ˿ٲк֬΢ͦɻӣˮ֮񣬶˵Ư
ǰֵŮȭͷɿˣغһޱȵ˶ʱԴ˪ӡ
ǿǲǰλŮϾ˼Ҳʮ꣬ѾǺؾˣƾҲԶˡ츳ļ޳ҡ
ֻŮ˵ث֣´Σүô㣡ķһ죬תŮЦѩⲻǺСһ£˰Ҳѩ͸ĸһɫתߡ
ι˵𣿡ѩ˫ֲͬСƵĺȵ
ΪӺôһŮΪԼͷأţֻҪԼŬƾҲԱοղԼеȻһ˿򣬿Լָˣˡǰڰ֣ѩ
ˣѩֲǲ֪ʲôСôˣ
죬ѩǰѩڣЦŵ
ҾͲôô˶һΪʲôء
˵֮˷ܵ䣬иϢҪ㣬ҪҪ
ʲôϢôأʵ
һλ·˵ΪͽˣѩСģ˷ܵش
λ˰ʳָع̱ʵ
ѩᡭ磡ѩЦ
ѩѩ磿쾪
ѩ˷ܵصͷ
Ȼоܲ˼飬ǿѩ˷ܵӣӦòǼٵġǼֿɬɬ뵽Լһ뵽ѩȴֿޱȡ
˭˲֪½ŮӣԱѩȵıѩѩ磬ֱֳѩʮǰѴ龳μʮһĴ½޴ȣһɨж֣˵ǾžޣĽѡ
ѩսķ֣½ÿһ϶㼣
ôҳСطأ
ʦ˵˴Ѱһҩģһֵҩͻ龳ʾѩ˵ʦң˵˷ˣ̵ңҿѾɷ֮ˣǺء
棬֮̾ѩΪڶѩඡ
ѩԣȴֳһ˿˿ʧ䣬ʹʦ˵ҹҲûа취
Ҳ֪˵Ц϶Ǳѩѩˡ
ΪǰҹѩΪ鿴¼ΪأеһЩ϶֪
˵ͷļң峤ϵĶԺڡ
ڼе壬⣬ĳ϶Ķӡ
䣬ҳ壬ļΪһΪֵĺճɨ壬ǵļҳΪҳΨһһ壬һͳҳǡ
ֻΪǰ峤֮λͬĸĴĽݴ塣ĽڵĴ峤峤
Уһɵҩ㴫ʱֹ۵Ҳóڴϵĸףζӡ
뵽ĸţΪĴã꣬˭һǰȴͻȻԲѡһһޱ仯ƫƫѲ
ףų˯е˵ζʹԼԼĻܳΪ֣ߴ½ΪѰҽ֮
ÿЩ絶ڳ鴤ڿڵѪ
ģʹҲҪңϹŴ˵еһƾͽ˺ɽԾ
⡭ٵĽŲ⴫ѩ̧ͷһ֮峤Ľ㵸˽˷ܵӾõǹĺһ
ˣ̫ˡĽ˷ܵص
󲮣ǣֵؿĽǴûӣϾΪ峤ô˵ҲҪϵġ
Ľɻǵ˵ľ㸸׵ķ
ǵð˵ҪѸףΨǴ˵еҺ֮ͷ
ûڸղҵõһϢʮһĴ½ߴȹھĽѾˣ֮һҺĽ
ʲô
һӱֱԼĶ䣬ߴȵĹھȻҺҪ֪ǿĶ֮һ
Բմ½ߴĹ涨Ϊ߲һ㶼ǰȹھƷģҴӳǶõϢдζܹˣĽ˵
δüˣȴһ͸ˣΪ޷ôȥμӴȰ
ˣǵѩǰ˱ѩΪʦģѩӿǵĹھڹ½һ˵šĽЦ
ѩ趯СȭͷһŬõҺģ
ѩǼᶨı飬ıˣѩԣһΪʲôܣж˵У
磬˵ҪõҺôлҰѩΪΪԼģתƻ⡣
Ѿͨ˵лָԼֹ״̬Ҿͼ޸㣡
ãҿԸ֤ĽЦ
ѩ߾ضţˡת˳ȥſʱֻعͷȥʦˡ
ĽЦһĺϢȥһҰɡ
ˣ󲮣Ҫ㸸˵һỰͳ˵
ҲãĽ˵뿪ˡ
ڴǰų˯и׵ӣĵףģһᵽҺ˵뿪ǰɽ
֮ǰڼеԼеĹͣһֱ˾̺Ҳᵣڣ˻ĽΡ
ɽһֱĵطļӵܻ϶䳡Ψʵ̫ǿֽ߳ǿĽһ󾳽磬ǻ澳ĸ֣Ľɷڡ
ԣһĳֹӰ쵽ˡ
ԴԺ󣬺ɽҲˣƽʱֻȥǶ


3 
ɽҲƲסѹֵ飬Х䣬һҪΪ֣һ鼤һȭһ˺ϱĴϡ
¡
ӦϣϿڴըһ㡣
̧ͷһɵˣôֵɱһȭˡ
ɵؿǷɣе㲻ţĶϿڴȷǶˣֿ˿Լȭͷһ¡ˣ޷϶
Ȼ壬ȴҲֻ֪֮ķǿһѣôܴôֵĴأѩ
һĪ龰׵ĺģѡһŲֵĴһõȷûжϺۻѷת֮͵һȭ
أһζײѿš֨֨Ȼٴζѣû֮ǰķôš췢㶵ؿԼȭͷ
ôô᣿ȵԸӣ漴뵽Īǿӣ
ϸȥɽ֮ǰѵʱûиղŵڼ䣬Ψһı仯ǿźɫӡ
ð⣬˷ܵزһɿϲĵ״̶һ޵ĸоת춯֣쬵ģ
Ǵ֮
תܵһ߰ٽʯǰǰȻܰᶯȴҲҪѲ
ڴɻ󣬻һ˿ģȥǴʯ飬һʯ㡰ࡱع
ܹȥһץһɵؽʯͷҸԾʯ·ֻмʮһ㣬е𾪡
Ƭ֮ӵʲôҶºôֹЩɣԴɽб쳣ѣһֿγ֮С
鿴ܣܹ֤ԼҲֻһһǧľʯǱ˹ȥһ£Ȼɾ
˫Ŀ˷ܵĹâ˸ţȥһ¡
һ뵽Ǵ˵еϹ壬˷ܵͬʱЩǣڴ˵ϹʱѧһλѴϹżѰãǰ˲ſѧʧ䣬ϣæٵһλ츳ԴУΪ飬ȥ
ʵ£ļҲм֪ҲгԼŮյĽᶼ޷򿪣ԭҲһܹʶʣй
ҲȥԹȴȻ޷򿪡ͬһ㣬ԣ˾ڲؾʽ
췢仯󣬵һʱ볢ѧʰһŲؾȥ
ؾľģеɱãеǻԵãе֪͡оͰ
زؾĳһּߵĸݰСߣһֻѾ̤ײˣ¸ɿݵҶ
죬ҲûΪһУӦþ죬ΪԭƽʱҲûؾ
СӣǾᰡǺǣȥɣ߿˿죬Ȼʾȥ
ţڣԿ칪Ȼؾ
СôоһˣֹţĪˣ۾˲ɣű۾˦˦ͷбϣһƵĹ鿴
ؾֱšǰڷᣬƲ·ڳǧꡣ
ڶŽϣһ֪ʲôƤɵķɵľᣬĻƣ·ϵͼڣǡ
֣ЩšҪ֪žϿǱͨ߷ӡһ׵硣ʺʣ׵ᱻʹȫԣ
һ뵽Һ뵽ֵӣ粻һ£ʵڲİ
˫־ᣬչžһӾﱩ塣ֻоȫһ飬ؿһȣ˸˲ƽϢûκβʡ
ȫչϢ˫ĿžҶȫעһϢʧһ㣬˫Ŀһ׹蹬һһ׵֮Уʮɫҫ֮
·ʯ˵Ǿϵϵ֣Ժ˲һ׿ھ·һԶϵУޱߵĴأӿĺɽһСޣɽеķݣ˫գ¡
һӰֳ֣ʯìʯһԾǧɣɱޡһǿ֣߳ߴͦεӰգ˫һ˺һ׵ڿУȻסӰƬ̺ӰˡԾһֻޱȾ޴ޣ˫ֳȭһصľ죬޻Ϊޡ
̫ˣס˸ս˲عղŵľȴһֻԺǱϹŵʵ̫ǿˣһɴ½ּ䣬ɽ
оѪڣԸӡ
ҪΪǿߣҪ壡˫ֽץžᣬһֵصţѾ뻳УĲ뿪˲ؾ
»صɽٴչ˾ᡣ֪ٴչһ׵蹬֮ǰǵΪ˲αȫۼĵС
Īڵ׵ǴһַⲻǼʵġ׹
δⷽ˼ȫ뵽СԶŵĳĿɽޣķݣɽľǿߡأʱ䡣
֮쳤һ
ÿֲ幦ȻҪʮǧ׵ĺ䶥ϴףһͿһʼǿ߻Ϊ촷ۣʮǧ˭ܵˣʼֻۼǿߣ˵еʥʣɵֹ
׺ֶΪֲףⲢΪǿɱֻԶʱǿ߿Եֵס
ʮǧ׺½ܲˡ
壬ǺεǿʰҪôǿ־ɹ˭ǵ֣
Ӽᶨ֮ģϽ״̬
տʼ壬ǺѡҪǻ׶Σ޶壬ڵǱܣʹʯ
Ҫϵسĥ뵽ٲУٲ壬ڼ
أԷĵرǿ壬ͨ⺮ǿ
㹻ǿԽɽҽдʮЧķЩ֮硣
ԵˮСݡĽܣˮǿʣǿԡ幦ýӲҪ൱ԡ
ںɽպһٲ˹ȥٲǳӴҲҳǵĵһˮԴ֪ˮ֮
ѹ·˹ȥ


4 ֮
սӽٲһɼк£ǿƾĻǿԳܣǽµʯͷˮ³ˢѹ⻬ޱȣһûվȣͨһˮС
ˮ̫ˮ¶ͷѳʮˡϰ֮ǰĵطٴͦվȥͨһˮ쿪ʼֹ
ʱ䣬ǧʧܣڿٲվˣ˵ʮʱվٲĵλãΪҵĳ
䡭ӵңڣٲͣϢؽصײͭɫϣҵһҡΣıһƬ࣬еĵطƤеĵطѿ˿ӣ˺ۡ
ȻˣȻҧأƴ֡뵽еĸףӼᶨѾҪи־ٴ˫ȭգȫ¡վڴʯϣ·ͭһܣֿǿĳ
䡭
һȥˣ͸о˫ȷᣬʹ̣ͷ͡
ѽѽ
һŤͷ˹ȥһͷһ߶ߵİͷСվһʯϣֵĶֱӵ̬ʹ첻졣
ԴȴӶС޸ȤСޣƺ¾
С޿쿿Ҳ£Ȼӵơ
С޲һɵĵطͣϸش
ͷţһֻСӣԣ紫˵еһ㡣ֻС۾н֣е̬֮
ֻ޵ĳ֣һֱֵڡ
ĵһγǰʱŸովȣٲĵĳտʼ޷ܡ
ʱСһˣһĶʱƣʱıʱͷ˼С红һ㣬ˤʯͷ
ʱƣ̬ԽԽ࣬ǳḻ䵱޷ֵʱ֡ӡı飬ֺЦ
֮ٲ
С죬һᡭֵģҡһеģǿ޷Եʹҧؼţǿֲĳ
ССȡ֣ϳһͷޣԳС졣
ߺߡСƲ죬ǣбۣһҲšı顣
ȻСһˣ
һ鴤̶һ˿ɫƴؼš
һʮ꣬Ϊ޷䣬֮׳ʱĻԣʹһͬҪĶ࣬ǹľȴվ
Ϊɾڽʮ޷£ȻšһϣҲұ֤ܼ
һУ֣֣ټ֣䣡

жԼݵ˵أʹѸʧˣƺ춯
һʮ΢ůתһ˿һ㣬ӵ￪ʼ澭鼰׳ΧѸپۼӰ
ѽѽ
Сɴ۾ڴʯȥģ졣ʱظʱͣһͻָ

켸쳤ХˣȻ̫һ˵Եģɣ
ּһиٲ£ֱӽٴˮУʮ֮Զðͷ
ˣХ
ֻһһʱͣϢ浹ڵϣڴŴɹЦݡ
˵ôԶɼʵʵϣ衢䡢ʮơʹ˭֪һĨӨȦġ
ףһɹģ췭𣬼ᶨص
侲뵽һ⡣
ģ
˵ǡţϾһ幦壬޹ءǱǼ׵ҲܣϾԼǰǾе׻ҲûʲôЧУʱָо졣
ԭֻһǸɫӡǸɫӣһʼʱ仯仯õϿɣ׵磬
ǸɫӾʲô
˺ܾãҲûһ˿ͷ
ǰΪ˽Լ⣬ûٸԼһЩ½ԼҲһʱ䣬ȥؾһЩٿ鼮ҲǲȺ顣֪ⷽʶϲЩ١
ϾЩͶ뵽УʱЩ¡ǣɫӣûһͷû˵Ҳûм¼
ĪһʧѾõϹ챦ҡҡͷʵڲ֪лһЩϹŶһӡ
һʦʦְҵڴ½Ƿǳܻӭģȫ½Ҳûж٣ҳȴһĴڣǾɵӡ
һֱΪҽΣҲˣкܶӴλңɼӡǶѧ֪ܶʶҲ˽⵽һЩ½һЩº챦
ѽѽСקק½ǣԼë׵СظԼĶӣһܶӡ
һۣĵصԻ֪Բȵġó׼õĸݸС죬ţ԰ɡ
ӹСƺĻǳֱӽӽĺˮУ̼ûӰ
ѽѽСֻСצӲܲؽ
ʵСһﻹקһֻСޣǸǴ˵еһ׺ޱȵޡ
ˣҸˣСһƽϣȥץֻԡСǰɫԴ־˾С䣬һƬ֮С
֣С㵸ڵϷ˼
㲻һֻϴķˡѷһӣͷ˼ľһЩɲȻԭشӣںòڸʰɾľŵϣСˣ
Сվ͵ȲˣظŲһڻһӣɲȼƺ⡰ȡֱ졣ϯضתС˫°ͣſֱˮ
ʵСһǷǳ𾪵ģȻ½ħ޿ͬĻ棬Ѿʲô顣
ǣֻ鱾ϿδԶŵ˵ǵһΡǶС죬ֻ
ǵõһοСһ𾪵Ŵ͡ȻСһ￴ŵӣǳƨر緢ֻ档
Ȼкܶ߻ԵĹ˵ĳмֻûмѡУʦ϶һЩĻ湦ΪΪʦԺľǻҪأز١
ʱСһ֮ؿ죬Ȼ˸ĿɿڴľٶСצһָȼյĲ𣬡һ紵ƽ


5 Сı
Сһ츳쳹ɵˡСһıֺ⣬Ʋ죬ͷͦأСȭͷţһҿǺǿġӣЦ
˵ôСһֻᣬܹ˴ԣǺ˵У鼮Ҳû˵۾ԷɫĹⰡֻһֿܣСһǱġ
С죬㻹ʲôʵ
ССצͷǶ֮ǰϰ߶һޣһת
һСʲôƵģڴĿ£ʯͷһ㣬ಡһһ֧ʯ䴩رɷĩ
ȻˮԺϵܣ
Сһצڿץץһ׵֣ܡ
ţһĵ棬ֻһð˳Եܡ
Сצһָ߿գһŹ֣ԽԽ󣬾Ȼǹܡ
һ䣬ΧĿռ䱻ڰ֣찡ڰԣ
쳹ʯˣгһһܵԣ·ǰСһ˵еĸһ㡣
Ҫ֪ħҲܵģϵһ¶һԣԵķǳϡ٣ֵǺֵϡޣֻйعֵδţСһ;ԡ
ûģ۷Ź⡣
Сҡҡͷûˡ
СһͷųҿΪ࣬ӦþһĹ
ѽѽСͷڳһӣһôСצһžһ׵˲䡱һҶ׷ɣЩֵָ֦䣬Щϴֵã͵С
ȿȣ
ԭڴһ㱻ˮǺС˴ĴָһޱϵĿ˵ʵԱȽϴӵСǲԵã֪˼¶һЦ
ºЦСȷһޣӵԵܣ˵ڣѹСһÿԲȵġ
Сʱתڻ˿һӦˣȻĲôÿ²е㽹ϻζ磬СǵĿˮһ
ˣˣԶɣ˺һȣݸСһСæӹȣһԵؿһֻͱˣֻȾͱˣʣµȫСһ̻ʵȥˡ
ƤˣҲԱˣҸûȥˣ
ѽѽ
СקĿȣ
С˿ӣˣЦҡҡͷСһﱧŵϣ߰ɣԺң֤ÿԣ
ѽѽѽѽСվڼϣ¶һӣ·˵ѵֻ
ë׵СԴһߵĸͷɫͷɫ壬ɫĽţһţһ㣬ɰˡ
ʮأѾȲҪϢ߻еĸס
մӺɽУӭײķĸˡ
ߺȣⲻǵ峤ʮ첻棬һ㰡ķЦӭȥѽʲôħްôС峤˰ΪֻŮӲŻСԭǵķҲϲЦˡ
ƳһۣղͬѾˣм㶷ȸгɣҪң㲻ɡһƹˡ
˵峤ôҶֵܣܵøһӰɡķص
٣һѣǻȥǮءĸճ
ҲԣүҪһΣˣⲻǵ峤ʱԽǮҲǣķЦ
԰峤ǵĲүҪж٣û˿峤ҪˣĽĸո¸µЦ
찵ŭƳСѾë۾ɴ󣬱һѻĵأ˿ͷŵƨϡ
ѽѽСһСצһӶ֣˲䵯ķĸյƨɡ뵽ᱻ͵ϮοǱʵͺܵͣδӾͱˡ
ѽŻˡķ羪еǻ£˾˻ʵղС췢ĻǺǿܿͱˣһĿȴճ˼¶ķʱ졣
ĸ˵ɵģķŭ
˭ɵģĸƨɣ
˷ŭĿӹ죬ͣϾǿûǸ¡
ã찵ЦСص
뷿䣬з֧ߣĴǰץס׿ƣЩףˣףѾˣѾˣ
ƽһֻϢˡ
סѾһӱŬģһߴõھõҺѹص
С쿴С¶һ˿֮ɫ·ǰһ£ֻһûб쿴
Ե߶һ֮վߵҲǽڴֽǽϵשóһľС
ľУһǰʮǰһżеõģһ似Իɱȭ
Ϊõ似νǾһԴûģ޷һֱǽ
Ϳɱȭ켤ѡ
似ҲԵģһ£Ե似ǻʺضܷӳ˵Ե͸޷ɹ
ɱȭǽԵģʣδڳʱΪľԣ似Ϊ׼ġ
콫שŻԭλᣬϸؿ
ᣬûһҪͨǲܴ򿪡һͱɱȭסˡһϹŴܴ似ؼ汸ҲǺţﵽʾ˵һȭɱһ
ʲôأô棿
濴һĵڶͬʱһƢ̧ͷȥȻһʧ
һޱȵĳŮӣĶ˵ݣȥǷ죬ȴһȻĸоĵϣ˫۽Ǻü΢΢̣·̺һɴ飬ˮģƱ̲
ӣ
첻֪ѾӶٴˣÿζʧ
ΪΪʵ̫ˣ쿴ֻҪսϣһۣӶᾡ㵹
ŮӾ½պʦӹѣ


6 ɱȭ
ʮ䣬ȷʵ֬Ө͸覣ȥҲͶʮ꣬ǴʦʦڼȻǶһףһҲµĺۼ
Сһʲôأô棬ý㿴־ͽ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪ݣʧԵʣȻӦûüǾѾˡ
һ似֪ˣֻʵ˵
ɱȭģ
ѵͺΪ˵һĨ𾪣ѵǴ˵ܴġɱȭȻ˵似ʮǰϹżг֣𾪰˷·ӢһЩѾõϹﶼˣ˵ǻ찵أѪɺӣȴ֪٣֪õˣ
ѵ˼ƺ֪⡶ɱȭʵʦ֪⡶ɱȭ𣿡
Ȼ֪ˣѽύ죬漴صٴξ㣬׼ҴʦӣнУԵ֣дʦĻ㲻°ҽϣһ±أ
Ǵ󡭡Ŷ㣬͸⡶ɱȭɣҿܶ飬ᵽȭȴûй󣬿ɱ˰æĿڡ
ȴ̾һͷЩįصվˣȲЩˡ
ϣϣһ㶼ϣôƯһΪʮŮءҲ֪Ů˶Уæƨ
аָıǼһ£㰡𡣡
££ǰ㷢Ųӣ⡶ɱȭȴպգ˴˵һλʥʱۼ似͡ɣնɱս似ʧ٣֪ȥ򡣡
˻쵹һںܶ鼮жпɱȭƳûᵽɱȭͲ뵽ӦǷȴҲδ𾪡
ʥߣôֲĴڰϲ֪ûʥߡ
壬Ǵ˵ǿ֮һѪǿޱȣǿ
ߣڳɳĵ·ϱ͵ҪĶ࣬һõ壬ҪԱ˲ܳԵĿ࣬Ҫǧٱ
ԣ֮٣ڵĻ϶ǳ͵ģһҪǿ
ʮǰɱȭںɽϹżб֣䶯ȫ½˵Ŀⶼۼ־ʾǿȥᣬɱȭȴûӰ˭Ҳ֪˶ˣǱˡ
ɨһеľᣬ벻Ȼ㸸׸õˣҲǣ㸸Ϊ׳壬רйŲ֡似Ѽ似ʩչŲ֮ðɡ
ô֪쳣𾪣Ų֮ܣ˶ֻ֪֪ΪľǱ鷳
΢΢һЦҡҷ֦ޱȣûлش⣬ЦΪʲô㸸ףôʱδϹ
ٺ٣Ҿÿϵ̫˧ˣ䣬ס˰ɡЦ
˧ͷûһԴСΪ㸸ҵľˣұ͵ϮˣΣͷǡ㸸׸ϵǷ͵Ϯ֮һָ߼似Ҫȡģ˳־ҡ
ǿ϶Ϊѽ̫ƯˣԲű͵ϮġƳһѵǰͦΣϸһգη޳̾ģ˶̲סģҲ
أǴⰻȻգ˼¡Ȼʮ㣬һգĵȼһ𣬾ȻǿҵķӦ
⡭Ǹ㻹ǸҸײ鿴һ°ɡʵмܲסϽתƻ⡣
ѿһ˫֮䣬ЦСһ￴ˡ
һʱβѣѵ۾峺û˼Űͬʱеʧ䡣
ѿʼ鿴壬߰˵ɱȭȻֻһ似ʱʥһ۶ɵģҪ͸һ򵥵飬ǧĪҪ⣬Ҫκ֪ļҿܻ˶֮֡
ţ֪ͷ
飬ûһ˿쳣Ц㸸׵ûʲô仯ҸһЩҩҺƽÿĵﴦĨһЩԱ֤ʧ
л㣡
һлӹҩ
ʵһֱû쳣ǻԣҲδɢļЩ꣬Ҳһֱҩά֣ʹɢͬʱһоҽ֮
Ǻǣ˵ڱء΢Цͷת뿪ˡ
ѣٴоɱȭ쳣ֱӽŹرգ׽
֮ǰδκ似ȴԺܶ似˽⡣
һϸоͷ֣⡶ɱȭһ似ʵǶֲͬ似ں϶ɣҪȷס
ң似ǰǣѴ쾳ڸո˵൱һξ롣
½һֵȼģǺ죬졢ɷ桢顢顢ʡʡ۵Ⱦ磬Ǵ˵еʥͻ֮ÿһַΪʮ졣
տʼƾǺһؾ硣ȻˣĲȴʮ㡣
žᣬԭϢһɨƣ̬ٴγվߣС죬ȥ
뿪䣬һӰһѵӰˡ죬СһȻ㱻ˣ֣ľҶˣ˭ڰ
漴ҡҡͷˣ׼ͱѩӵľɡ
֪⡶ɱȭΪ似˶ѪνǾһ˰ĸ飬ܲء·֪ʲôƣԺֻһڻص
ΪףΪԼܷٿۣҲҪ֣ÿÿǷǰϣӲ
˷ת˲䣬һʱȻš
һУնڼ䣬󲮡Ѻѩ˶Լȷʵֻδᡣ
ѩһҪΪһѩӣҲԿΪ˷ǰ档


7 
һ죬ףաٲ£ȻͦǼҳԿȻҪһ˫ƽ죬ǰƾٵĶ·ҪǼס
ʱڵ֫ٺл㼯Ź̶·УһһѭתʹڻԽԽǿ
ѾۻܶӿͿǼ·һֿһ㣬˿δг壬֮δһˮγһյش
תʹ֮ͳͳع鵤ڵγһ̫״УԽתԽ죬ΧļҲתγУԽתԽԽתԽ
ڳ쾳硣
һڣӲƾͣϢĿޣԼɫӸ츳Ӻһһֱͳ嵽ʮشԲִʮԿһءǱ֪»𾪵Ըӡ
ļҳǵһҳĳǵĸֶļңļҵ¼ġһʱӺһֵء
һͻһС磬һʱ˽ʮС磬Ҳһ󾳽磬ɱļ¼пܶࡣ
쾳磬ʼתγһ޴Уһֱ쵽ٲˮ̶ıءۿмߣڻȻһҵزԪ뵤;ӣԭȶһࡣ
䣡·𽭺Ӿ̣һ㣬ͨѭתȫΧˮγɵĴȻըеˮһӳγһ޴ˮСˮ£С챻˸վڰߡѽѽĽ¸ͣʮֻ
ЦŴˮ̶߳ᣬָ߬ڴﵽ쾳ˣҿɱȭˣ
һڣ˯ǳԷʱҲоɱȭе£ǰо
оִ似нͼĺأԼڻͨҪʹãҪгܹ㣬;Ǿһءٵͣ˼
ٴοһ似ᣬһվָʾڳһƣתȫڻ˫֮ϣȭͷŲ
似ʩչڿհƮݺƴư׻ְɱ鲼ƥھ񷡣
ڶߵʯڶʱ죬Ǿ죬զ䣻ʱ΢ɢ
žžĻײ˷ڶ
ȫһȭӳһӰ֣죬֮
һȭɷɽʯ
ȭȭм
һδεڣо˳࣬ХһȻӰ£һȭ档
䡱һطȭͷΪģɢһѺۡ
˰Ķĺɽһ󶯵Ҳɽڵޣһͷħţ
ƤڶײģҲ൱ߵһؾ˯һȭĵѣŭɽ˳
ջ񣬺Ȼһֻ͵ġɳܲ˷أ˴ʵսᣬӡ֤һ¡ɱȭԣŴħţ˹ָ
𡭡оԼˣħţŭӶ棬ҳһǰѷ죬ƺҪɽȳ롣
ƲƲ죬һġӣħţӱꡣڱŰޣײޱȣֿ˱֣Ǵ̼˫ѪĹâȫɫë
𣡡񱩵Ĵħţһ棬һβҰ޵Ŀ궯ʩչǵսɣ൱ߵ似ķޱȵĵͻ̷׷״ӵð˳ҪĴͳͳˣڽɱ
ˣȵأһɰԵ׵ľŵɢȥžžžе۶ϣһ
۷⣬ЦؿŴħţҡҡͷ˼Բ㲻У
𣡡裬ӵǵܲףƵݵǿսƣǿĳʹͬ޻ħޣԻһСɽͷ
˫һĨ⣬ȭͷϽ˸ֱӺ˹ȥ䣡貵Ľ̵۾ʹ
Ȼͦ˿Ĵħţ򱻺Զʥ׫д似ʵ̫ǿˡ
һ似Ҳоȼ֣֮һ㰴ȴηΪƼؼ켶ʥ񼶣ʥ࣬ɱȭʥ׫дʥ似ϹȻ𹦷
Ŵ߳·سɴ磬岽͵ħţǰ
ոĴħţһɰɫѪҺƺ˼أɴͷײҪþȫ֮ǰ֮˸ײ
һ㿴ħţɱڵһȭӳħţͷҵĺħţˤڵأڷ
ѽѽѽС˷ܵתܵһͻˣСϿһɲ񣬡һħţԱߡ
һֱۣΪСڸأ˭֪Ȼǲ뱾ԣһԻ
ǳԱ㣬һһޱűûصļҡյԺʱ򣬾ͿӢˬѩվſڵ
ȥĶˣ
һʱ䣬ȻĴ࣬ƾŮСɰûеֿټСƤɰʮ㣬ѩһ۾ðǣԣСϲϵҲرá
ЩûѩӣѩԽԽƯˣԭ㷢ü͸һӢ֮ԭһŮװΪװѾͻеø磬ȴӢ˲
һ
ղһͷţָָţָָС졣
ţɣСװһͷţѩЦ
ǲУһ϶ԣָһߵС죬ε˵
ѽѽС콾Ŷӣ˵ͷ⶯ѩЦֽС챧СװһͷţҲŲأһţ仹࣡
ǳƣСһʵ̫ܳˣʮκ˻ﶼûСܳԣмصЩϹƺҪܳԣ˵ղŰɣͷǧħţֻ˰ȣȫСһˡ
ҲûĶжģأ׳ԵĶȥˡ


8 ߱ħ
ѽѽСѩţϾҶһܶӣƺ˵ûԶץ
ߺߣҴ˰ɣöǱ¿һҲľ¥ǹȥ԰ɡѩЦ
ݺݵصһС죬ѩôôпհҼǵʱ䣬ʮΣÿζǴһҾ߰
֮ǰҪأҪףһѩЦŵ磬֪һڣǴӺ˺۷壬ʮشԲѾԶˣļ¼Ŷ
찵ѩӹȻǷͬһˣѩӸ̤֮·˽ʱ䣬ѩĽ̵ֻ֮һ꣬ؿ˾أͻʮصļҪ֪ԽͻԽѻ˵ѩӵ
ʦ˵ˣҵʲȡߴȵĹھûпܡѩ˷ܵصңҸ㰡ǰ죬ҺһͷĴħţһܣʱܣɣʦ˵أ
ħţ
СһۣǸովͳһͷСԾǲмոͷһֻȭͱˣûие棬οǰġ
ȴţ㲻Լڱ߶ԣȷ졣
ܲѩԼȰɣΪɫӲŸıģĽѷſԣ˵Ϊ
ܶѩ˵Ҹովȭһͷħţ϶ѩһִοԼ飬ʱδ߱ˡ
ʦ˵Ҫ͸ĻѾɷкڵĸˣԺȫ˼ڽ̵ҵϣһҪһѩӣѩ˷ܵػŷȭ
Ժһˡ٩
ţʲôŰ磬ϷŪңôʰ㡣ѩȻ˵𣬷ͨ죬±쿴ʲôצؾҪ֡ڴʱǰ洫һԹ֮
ߣҪС㶯֣ɱɡ
̧ͷһʱһƧΧûʲôˣǰһʮ˾ӣ£ֳһλ˸ϹĹӹ쳤ֻѪɫ۾Թ޵ض졣
ǰ֮ˣоеӡ󣬱ɵص˭
Ҷɽӵ
ѩͬʱһ
Ҷҵɫصص
Ҷɽϵļһ鶯ɭɭض죬صҶұҳ֮һ㸸ףǸĻ쵰ȻҶˣҪܵĿ죬Ѿʬ޴ˣߺߣǸĻ쵰ϵˣҾɱıӣΪ屨ѩޣ
ЦߣǿЦҶΪҸδҪû͵ϮļңôܻᱻҸ壬ҶȡԹñˡ
ԹñˣãܺãҶɽгһΣһĨɱڵصķҪҵϣҲԹñˣ
ɭɭؿһ죬Ц֮ǰҪ㣬λҪɱ㣬һĵӡҪͳͳɱˣ֪Ѿɱˣ㽫ǵĸҪļ֮ǰһиۣ
ܰѩȻǰ
ԭҪˣһ仯һʶ飬ѩҲ֪ѣҶɽһЦӵն˹
һһĨϹ⻮ĵХԭȵĿ˲ޱȺ䣬׹֮ء
ѩ߳һһѶֵ̽ȥ
꣡Ƕֱ̽ӱնϡ
Сģ쿴ķһץסѩһһģĻУȴһӹڵһİۡ
춢ҶɽеĳصصĪҶҵ֮߱ħ
룡
Ҷɽ߱ħĵ˸·ӡһɫ
ˣǲҶҵ֮߱ħҶɽɫȻ޷ǾûѵϧûгɹĶӣΪ꣬Ӣ飡
Ҳеȼ֣֮һҶ֪Ļֳͨ⣬ǻƽףףؽףףʥףסÿһȽлΪƷסȽԽߣԽ
½ϣ߶лƽױһױڷеؽױױֻ˵룬ʥֻڴ˵С
߱ħڵؽƷ½еҳΨһһؽױǾ߱ħ
Ե
۾˸׵ԣõİ֪
õҪˣЦ˵
ͻأһ仰ڣҶɽһ㶣ѩĶ֣鵶֣Ҫɱֱ練ƣ˿һ仰ʹе־˸ˡ
ĪˣұԼ߼ȼ
ܣԲܣ֮ǰڰй۲˺ܾãûһʱ䣬Ű취ء
ҪǾͿûбߣҶɽЦţӵնһĨɫ׹
ĺôӹ
ɣһŮΪҵţһѩ
Ҫ׼ٴιѩ̸жһɰһ㣬󵹷ɳԶľ롣ƮƮһǵ㱻˿
ô£ôôǿ
ѵ
ѩķľҵһܵͷԺУһ˫ض졣
ҶɽҲЩԾһŵ棬ɲǼ죬߱ħ¡
Сģѩշµе
ĿŽ߱ħϷŵɫ׹⣬ƲסĵĻϲѿڶѵҪˣ
Ҷɽһѱˣ
Ѫȵ֮սǱԣһ񣬽ҵʬõıɱ֣һԣɱȭ۾ضŶ֣Ѱʱ


9 Ļָʹ
ԶԷ͵ĹͬһתŲ
˵ҶɽĹʱӿĴˣôǷеһҶۣȴᱻû
ˢˢˢ
ҶɽݵնʮϹ׷ף쵶Ӱ˸Ѿ϶ˣҿԼǿһЩԣӷݵնһһҵع಻
ԴˣֻǶͬʱҲڶ߱ħͷ㣬ʹַģԴǵǷġΪʲôʹ߲Լأ
׹ħն
ۼ죬ҶɽҲЩڣҳǣǰļҵˣˣᱻ֣ɱС
ȳʱ쿴һ˿ȳκεֵĻᣬһǿ͵ɱȭ
䣡ճһ޴ȭӰһӰȶƱˡ
ͻأһУƵҶɽ޷һֻߵķһһѪߣغ󲻸ʵؿ˿죬ֿ˿ؿڵĴ󶴣һѪʧر۾
һбһȭȻҶɽزˣڵѪ˳׷ɣǿ
𺳣𺳣ѩɴ۾ӣſһԲŵĿǰһС
ǰĳ·ȻƵģѩֵ۹⣬ߵϵ߱ħǰ޳ָŵŷһӤһ㡣
õ̾
ָһУ̴һ಻ϣ·һ㡣棬ޱȡ
磬㣬⡭ѩɵˣͰ͵ؿ۾֪˵ʲô
ֵָ񷣬ڳһ©ӣ˵Ǹ֣
꣡еѩ̲סЦ˽Ļ˷ܵˣ̫ˣ̫ˣ
Ľڻõͻʮزţʱĳط˷Ӧ
оСʲôŲѩͷһʱߺ̲ס
ˣҲЦ
ɫǣʵ̫ˣѩһڣֵһֵĶתˡ
ãˣԺô죡ʱɲڳһµӣʵ
ѩƻһҲŷɫһĻŲˡ
쿴ҶɽʬôȳζҾȻѾͷòˣȻ˰˵㽫ҶɽϵĿռָժǿ½ƣһɨͼ似ƺķۡ
ʰ߱ħ뿪оǰӰһ
ˣ
ͷһӵ²ܴȥ˭¶ģû䡣֪ԼΣգ׷ȥͬʱȵС죬ʬյ
ٶȿνƵ磬Ĳ˼顣֮ŸѩȥԷ㳭˽ʱûܿ㿴ǰߵӰ
ĸգһ۱ϳǰ֮ˣķ߹ĸա
ĸƴȻǸղɱҶɽһĻˡ
һ뵽ĹؼĸƽžԼȻһ䣬ȴȾܣ֪򲻹죬϶˸ղһĻ
ͬʱһɻͷƫƧĸյŵĶϰߣͲ˶ĵط԰ڣôֵط
ңɺϵǣôҶɽأ
Ժһͷ
һȻʼ£һҲ֪мֱɱ֮£ĽⶣҪ뵽һ⣬ǾǱɱļˣķĸһЩìܡ
ͷһͨɱĴó߱ħͶǹһ˳ȥ
ݣһƷ˲Ӵܵĸͷһŵɫ԰ף麹ֱð˫ȷһ򣬰ڵء֮ʱ߻ѪⷭɣѪֱðһѪ۳֡ĸղҽһð
һ˲䣬һԾһŲϡ
˵Ϊʲôץ߱ħĸվǰĵŵĸ
ңʲôҲ֪ĸնµ·𿴵˾Ķ
˵ǰɣߣһƶĸյֳһѪۣǲǰͨҶɽɱͬ
ǡĸռ޵
ߣ
һˢһĸղһѪۡ
㲻˵ھɱ㣬Ҳ֪Ҳ˸ӲỳɵҵġصҪ̹ף˵һ˵벻˵㣬ǻ֣
˵ˣ㲻ɱңĸղ
ɱһеһΣĸŵøϽ˵˵Ҫǲɱңһ˭¶峤ģ
⻰쾫һкֱðյһŵĲһ˿Ѫ
˭˵ȵ
羪ףŭħĸ졣
ǣĳĸյ
۱һĨ⣬ֱֱĶĸգô֪ģ
ķĸףļְĳϣ֡
Ҫǣļʦļʦоһˣˮƽֻǳѡ
Ȼˮƽ֮ѲԶļȴΪֹΨһʦ
ʦְҵǳ⣬½ܻӭ˵ҩͻƾزٵһܵס˵ջ
˭һʦͻյܶ׷ɱΪһʦͻܵܶߵ׷Щ߼ʦǴ½ϵ̩һԼȳӿ
ԣļҵλҲǼߵġ
ǣķ磬֮˵ġĸս͵
˵Ϊʲôôŭߣ۾Ѫ죬ĸûѡ
ѽܣһֱ󲮶ļҵ֧ļҵϣڣǷǳģķ羭ҲδԹ
ô뵽Ȼֵء
ʱһֱһõ˴𰸣Ǿⶾ֣׷δԸ˭֪־ȻԼˣֲԺҲûгֹ
ңҲ֪ķ統ʱû˵ĸղ
飬һȥķġ컰һתķǷ񹴽ҶɽɱǼԹ޵ͬ
ĸվؿһۣǣǣǶķɵģҡ
˵꣬쵶һѪһĸյĺ
ĸźҪʣȴ˵Ŀ


10 
ĵҵĳŵֻˣˣԼҵӵܶҪɱӣûʸҽס
ǳŭûĸնеˣϱ
һ뵽ֻѹеŭ
˵ʵսһ㣬ʮˣϵҩм磬Ķһϲ
ǣʦʦͷƤ顣˭֪жٶʦɲζֻƾ˻ĵҩԸҩĵͻ۾ͶೣˣҪһʦôĶ᲻֪
ʦҵĵȼ֣һ˽⡣ƻƽ׵ҩΪͨʦ׵ҩΪ߼ʦƳؽ׵ҩɳΪʦƳ׵ҩôʦںķ࣬㲻֪ˡ
ƳƽƷΪͨʦ
¶Ҫǽã˭֪ôء
ȥ鷳űɱΣա
뵽˴峤ĴĽַˣĽֵܣڿǴ峤Ҫǵ塣ֻһλʦĽɱļһͬ𣿸οֻǻԣ
ΪֻԼ֣ԼôסĶأ
뵽ΪʦѡѵˮƽѾڴʦУԶԶ϶а취ﵽԼҪ֪£϶뵽ѵסȥ
磬ôųҶˣ߳ӣͿѩš
ǷεĹе챩Ľƽ֮һ顣к֮ܶܲ
Ҫ侲һҪ侲óȻ£ﲻϾԼðյĻܻʦδʮı䣬裬ĥޱȳ죬侲׳嶯
ոһˡ쿴Ů΢Ц߰ɣȥԷɣ͡
ҲŲȥԷأҶɽ״ˣҲ㶼ˣƼ춼θˡŮŻµӣֻһµȥɣʱһֱ̫ˣȥһ°ɡ
ðɣġҲãҪƽҪǳ֮ԻԼ˫ۡ
ǣ֣ҳǷ羰ķȥ
ŮšʵĻЦƽϢеŭͨһЩ飬Ⱦ֮ŵöĶֶҪ֪Ѷ޷Ķһʦеģҩļֵڵҩ
Ǳ͵ģǾζͬôǸ˵ĿʲôԼõôǷеʣжҩ
һѵӿУǸоͷǵġ
ѩԺһ˼·ѵסȥϣѿԸһЩ𰸡
ѵסλڳһƧ¥ڣ
Ƕʱо
һŮӵԵýأĴʦƽЩм
ﲢСӵķ䣬ǻ̵ģ浭عһ˵ϢҲûŮӵ㣬һŨҵҩζ
Сһôȥҽ㰡ѿе㾪ȣ㸸Ӧûʲôɣ
û£еѽ㡣
ңʲô뷨ɣҪ֪йŮһңᷢܶŶһЦ˫ˮٵӷˡ
첢ûʧ侲Щ£ֻǵصѽ㣬㿴ûпܳΪʦ
Ϊʦһ£һֵôͻȻ뷨Ϊʦɲף㲻ַҴһɣ
ǰɡ쵭ȻһЦ
ѷеĶ˵ҪΪʦͱ߱Եһǻԣһľԣ֪ģԶ߱ôܳΪʦأ
ѵûбİ취𣿡첻ʵʵ
취Уѳ
Ѿĵϲ⣬ץѵ֣ʲô취
ıԣһһֵ
ıԣôı䣿
ɻؿѣֶԷ۾Ȼﲨӿ
ʵǿԸıġѿһ죬ŵڸտʼϰ֮ʱõĸıʱ䣬δ͡Ǹ̲ǳ˿ܣʹϾСޣܶ˻ᱻֱʹңıһݳ޵飬õһЩĵر
Ѷһ£ؿһ죬ıԣԣɹʻǳ̱֮ͣǰҪѡı䣬Ҳҵܵʹĥ
Ĭһ£ѵ۾ҿԳܵס
ҪŶ̽ʵ
ţ֣صصͷ
ãպľԺͻԵϸֵָĿռָһȭͷСϺɫС
Ե鱦۾֮ػɽɣôһ䣬޼֮԰ʵֱӴ龳۷ʾ
˻һֱӿһ󾳽磬̫ˡ
ѽռָǴһСƿ˻Σľ֮ģľۣ׹ǣҲʹ߽ˡ
ݵͣ٣ֽƿŻȥκһԶ½춯ֵ֪
˵ָ֮°ͣصСһҲˣһ־ͿԳΪһɵ֮ôصĶʲô㻻أ
ε̾̾ͷȷʵҳˣֵһԼʲôɽء
˰ɣûĵ
ߵߣЦСһ𣿽㲻Ҫκζģ󣬵ڽĿеλҪأο㸸ңҸлأϧһ֮ֻҪнˡ
Ѿδ뵽ѾŵߵЦ̣ˡ
ظ绨Ц̣޵ĸжǷۺӣȥ
ֻ΢һģع컵ľһš
лл
򵥵ֿ֣£Ȼܡ
ܷ߽㣬׷ʲôˣŶ˫ɫӣʵ
˼ĴŸѡ


11 ϻ
ȷʵֻԼˣ¶ʱŸΪ㣬ͲµļҵˡĻѱֻǣԲǵļ£ҲֱӲֻ֣Լȥˡ
ͣ٣ѽ˵Ȼϻľ֮İ֮ɹӵаٶ֮壬ʵҲһЩ֮ڵľԣֻʾǸʵԡ
ţףͷ
ȻѾˣҵ׼һ򵥵һͣҪ֪һ£ҪõһЩҩģﻹȱټ֣ȥѼһ¡ɣ
ţ治ɫͷȴһѾ֪Լˡ
ⷽ棬˲δԡ߳䣬š
ǵӰʧһ£һС죬㿪ʼա˹
Сһţ˸ط£Ȼڷŷˣδѡ
ϹʱڵĹڵĴͬһ׹Ϳɺ似ģڵĹǷֵĺıֻļĻƽƷԪҲֻûЧѡ
似ֻĹв
ʱѻˣڴڼ䣬ҲһЩСоˡ
׼ˣЦȻѣʵ
ΪỨܶʱ䣬ֻ벻ССҳǣȻܴЩҩģðɣ۾Էһ˿޵ļ֣صص
𣿡̽Եʡ
ﲻУϻﻯΪҽģҸ˸õط˵꣬ѱߡ
С죡һСŵӰһϡ
ֻ޳֣㿴ſɰСޣ˫֡
һŮСϼɫ壬ԶܵѵĻУһ泩ı飬ǳѵĸ
ܿɰе˵еᡣ۲һְСݸ졣
ѲЩνСŮǷǳϲóֻǺѡ
С조ѽѽиͣǳŮĻΪʲô֮ǰǸСŮǳϲԼֻǿ¾ͰԼأ
ҵͻȻ
һ㶣ϸ֫һôͻȻҪ⡣
ҪȥĵطЩԶҴһ̣еɻ͡
˫ѵϸ˼£˲ִĸо
۰׵ĲҲ΢죬ɷˡ
ֻһɲǣ˱ɵաžԼʮɸߵĵ棬۲ѣţԼҲ
շУ龳ĸ˵СһϣߵھͿԽշˣ˵ֻмɸߣٶȴ١
ӹߣҳһ˲ʧҰС
ʱҹĻУϵһжģ塣ɽ壬ϪɭȫǺӰϾľ̫ͣʵȲѡţĺҹͬ硣
һӺһɽ䣬˵Ѿҳǰ֮Զ
ˣһ
쿴ܣɽͺͺģûҰޣľûУΧɽ壬ʿӰ
üͷ΢壬Щ⣬طûʲôر𣬲ǿԡֻǣҳĵطҲ٣ΪôԶ
ң֪ʣǡ
첢δ˵ǰУֻС챧ĲӡѽѽĽš
˲˼ʮɣһɽǰԼɢ
ǲϲɽȣСһӴܵϣ˰С֣ĵط߿ˡ
֪Сľ飬ûжܣȥ
Ѵӿռָóһҹ飬ΧɷΧͬһ㣬ɽӳС
СһˣǽרΪҵģͷһ죬ͣ٣ɽš
ɽ·Ƚƽֻ̹ԽԽȡ
Լʮɣѱͣ
ɣ
һΧȶڿˣԼиĺۼ
صһɽֻǺܾû緢һֱ״̬ʦʦұһСףҹǶС
ϻòѽ͵ܵɽϻлᴦһȶ״̬˵һ£
еʹһ˿ܵģ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡
İɣҲһˣЩʹܴ죡ѵȰ⣬ᶨơ
ҵС˹Ȼ̾һôҪã
ţ˵ͷ
ȥ£˹Ϣָӵ
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Ѵӿռָóһӣ򿪣һҶıɫҩݳǰһĽҩҶļҶûж٣ǳмС
ҳͨһҩ׵ʮһҩĵҩֻУĬдﵽлὫ֮Ϊ֮ôĽ׵ҳǲУ˵ʮǰֹ˺ܴĺ䶯
ҶԼģľҩ崴˾мǿĻָԡ
£ѽҶݸ죬˵ҩ˵ֻһòݶѣԶԶûǰ
ҩڣоһ뵽泩ޱȣһƮƮɵĸо
Сһٰɵҩ£еݹһŵҩһƷĸǻ澳ָģһʱˣϻʱãŵҩԲѷ
Ѷһ£ӿռָóһɫУ򿪺󣬾ϻǰΧ¶ȱЩ
ʼɣѽе˹ȥ
ϸԸоһɻԵǰɢ
ûж˼ֱӽϻ븹СڵģһȵĻȻ·ڻȼš
һǿҪ˿ҧأʹԼƽľ
ֻһ˲䣬󺹣أҲûˣ˱ͨ졣Ϣ֮Żˣȫëȼճɻҡ
˫յýģȻŲѡ֪˿ѽؼʱڣͦһжɹ򣬺롣
Ҷ룬ֻĬĬţԸ챣ǰˣɹעȫϣκβ⣬һʱ䲻ȡ
˿̵Ѿһ˿˰״̬ǵкɫһ֮ǰ赼Ļʹ֮ƽ״̬Ѿǿ񱩵ˡ
ɫ߻澭һһתʹʷ仯ţ΢ĻԳˡ


12 
ҲžеѷȻԣ˴һ״̬תҲУܵۼ
Ȼ쳣һͬʱҲȲѡ
ǸСˣʱȻ֮У
Ȼ˿̵״̬࣬ѱΪǶ
ʵ߶ԣǷǳѵõһ״̬ⲻߵйأҪǻԵЩѧţһӶ״̬֮󣬲ߣҪľı仯Ͷѧһ
˿̵죬ǳڶ֮УǴغµһ״̬ʣеܶ
ԽԽ࣬ճļУʱ죬ӢȻͬ˵ˣһзͮͮģһְ͸̬з·һɻ籩תš
е죬Ժȷʵһ󣬷·һ㣬һȫµ磬һԶʱϵĵطɽһľޣ˫ľݣǿ࣬ɽ
ǵΰӰŵϵľ޴һȭȭ쫷ȻռƺҪݣ췭ظֲ˹ɽһ޴ĹɲǼķѡ
ֲ̫ˣ
ǿߣּء
˵ӦİɡȻǵһοӰÿһθĳ̫
ȻǷ
ҪǣǵӰȭһ˲䣬ȻǾǿ·ߣȻӣȴʮ
ô£
ǰδй
ĪǸղһȭй֮
ԣһмǿ似ǵʲôƷ׵似
Ұй·תǷҲһС
Ȼѣһ죬ԼǷҲǿһ㡣һ뵽Լڵ·𱻽һͷˮ˲ѹ
ǽ̤ʵأڵ˵ɡ
֪ԼϻѾо˵е״뵽غ飬ԼܻһǺá
һ뵽ղŵʹֽٺҡϾͦƾĲԼغ顣
ǣƾԼôζһ巽棬Ҫ־ȻΣʱûзЩ鲢ܸıģûغ飬˿̣Ѿһѻҽ
ǣûСԣغϣôΪһ壬ӵеԼȻԼֻǿоţһë
ˣ˶ԣһҪûˣһǿҲˣڶôΣյ£ϰСҲ
ǿ󲻵ãֻǸ˵ĻԵ
غԼĻԵԼˡغ飬ע컯
״̬еѾӰѹԼתϻջ
ʵϻӵеӴʵһȫյġˣֻһ
һʱȥˣǴ״̬Уһ˵ҲǷǳӴġҪʱ䣬
˿̵죬ѾΣƤͱջˣĿ꣬ʹѡ
ôһ˲䣬뵽ͦһߡ
ҲĪġ
ѵԼֻΪ˸жŻ
ΪԼΪ仯仯أ
ΪֵʱʱԼǳأ
ΪʲôüͷܵʱԼȴǳ
־磬Ժ쳾£̣ΪʲôǰԼС˻ᶯأ
ѵΪűȱ˸Ϊǿ־
ѵΪ֪Լ޷ľ
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ôһͨˣ˵кشĵһ˿ҡ
ߣֻһ;˵̳һ㡣һߣĿ£飬֮ǰδƽʱྶͥ˭֪ƽʱ欵ⷽʵֻһ
߬һɫƿװľ֮ģ׼ţǡʱãָ崴ˣԡ
Ȼкָܶ崴˵ҩеĴﵽףǣܱȵľ֮Դľ֮أ
һʱȥˣϵĺɫȥǱһ̿һ㡣
֪ϻȽϳɹȻûȫǴ˿ȶǷľ֮ĵʱˡ
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۾һʱ䲢ûпľ֮ģǽĿͷһӰϡ
һ˫΢ˮŹâһֿ־塢ѹ֮ļʹĸо
죬ȴԼ֪˵ʲô
Ҫ˵ľ֮Ѱһпе˼ϡ
֪أľ֮ΪǰҪʲôԺ˵
׹̽ľ̷֮ȥһϢľԵӯȫеľ֮С
أĴ˽ϣƤ⽥䣬ļس˳
ͺͺüϾȻسµüëԹҲµͷ
ľ֮Դӵ֮ܣëǾ͸˵ˡľ֮ӵ׹ǣԷ顣
켸ľԵΧˣ֮ڣľһ㣬
еľͬޱȣת٣һЩűˣһ˲ָϣһ㣬ѭ
أľ֫ٺ֮Уٴη˴仯ƽһԡ̿ɱȻԵרҪĶࡣ
һԺ󣬵зľ籩غпˮãľھתҰѳܷΧˡ
ٴνһ״̬Ȼϴβͬ
Σǽ֮ˣ֮ǰԺеĻ棬ϧⲻԵԡһ¥
ڼ䣬Զڰԭҳļңȴڽһ
ףĸղˣ
ķأ˵ĸհǼʱȥˣԲӰЩ
һֱһ𣿡ĵʯϵƿƿ޹ޣװȫǵҩȻ󲿷ǻƽƷĵҩٲǻƽƷڻƽƷĵҩƿѡ
ЩҩУмƿȴǶ
ȻҪĶڿռָҩҩо¸ֶ
ǰҶɽ˵ҪɱǷЩƿƿ޹ޣķͷƤ顣Լ׵ĵҩǺģǼƿ
ţͣеĹתķ磬Ŀݶ


13 ͻƾ
Ҹȵһʱ䣬û취ʵ̫ǿֲֻܴӦĸķޱȣԼĸףǷǳŵģǱȽ˽Ϊ˵ġ
Ϊʲôңÿ΢壬ˡ
ģ⼸㶼æţû㣬º˵ķͷ
δӦķŵһֱĸռǷĶʱ֪ҶɽʱĸջӦһȥҶɽ·ɱ
ĸͣ٣ŵǼʱȥˣԲĸջҶɽҲûӰҴˣǷʱȥ˳Ϸ򡣡
Ϸ򣿡һ£漴ȻסڳϣǷȥˡϾЩʱգһֱտ϶ǷҲ
漴ƺ뵽ʲôٴνĿͷķ磬ص㲻Ϊ˱Ƿɱ˰ɣ
Ҳķش𣬱Ƿʵ𣿷ǷܷˣͰİɡȥʲôطһʱز
ף˵ûпӰ˸ɱˣķʵ
ᣬӲ֪Եɣᶯ֡οǷﲻȥҲûмˡӾֱӻصС
֪϶ǱҸ¶ģΣ𣿹˶ãұļҵļ˵ţݺݵ߬߬ȭͷ
Լô˵ķŵҲˣЩ˷ܣ಻˶ãԼ峤ˡ
Ѿһʱˣѽ˵Ҳӿռָóһţ˫°ͣȫעĶ죬·Ҫǰ˿
һʱȥˣ콥Ӷлָ״̬Ͼ̫ܵŨˣܴɲᡣ
һһεתΧͬʱϤšĹ
оԼǻǳٴؿˣɸУĻҲԶˣҺļ󣬹ƻкܴͻơ
Һǻ澳۹࣬ԼľǿȹҲᱻѹҺ̬Ȼֻһֱ࣬־ãֻǾдͻưˡ
еתԽԽ죬ԼҲԽԽ졣
תΪȫɵͨȫ뵤תΪȻŻᷴУʹ֮ӯ
ۡһ죬ӵӿ뾭ȻﵽؾˣʱתȴδֹͣԽתԽ죬ҲԼֹͻһС硣
һһתԳһ硣
תʮǡۡһ죬һСƣؾʱת㻺ˣҲ
ʮϢоԼĵָת˾оȫ
ֹͣ˹³һվһþ㷢ԼȫģѻΪҽ
æӿռָóһ·תȥ˵۹дϡ
ʵǵһο˵壬ȻߣҲΪƵĸıתע
оô촩·ѹеʵ
ܺãһͻС磡Ȼ˷ܣʵոһЩ
С磬һΪֱɷأʸ˾ͺãϾȺ
С磬Ǳ
ʱ죬ںڵģƤ˿ڽˣüëˣͷһ糤ӿֵֹġ
Щҩ£ؿ죬
˰ɣҸоܺð
£ЩǸоģԺ־鷳ˣһӹɵ˵
ͷһůʵкö໰˵˿ȴ֪οڣֻǵ˵ͷ
ѸԼĶݣԺԼڱɡ
ʵҲ֪ѸøԼѵ⡣
ҩڣоЩ΢ʹоر泩ˡϵƤ䣬ļӤۡ
ף˫۾Ӣ࣬ǰͭɫƤ˵ĸоǿӲ˿ȴһС
벻ҵС˻ǸСأЦ绨٩
ȣ㣬ҰɣΪˣСҲЩ˼ˡ
оôʸƣƺҪ˳ö࣬ѷе㲻ʵĸо
ܺãʵҲ֪ôֻͣ³֡
ѵ˵ͷҲڶʣңҲʲʲô֪ǰ֮ܡǲҪģϣǰһаá
춼ˣûȥˣָһץҹ鱻Ȼкһ졣
߳ɽѾߵһƬף·Ц˵촽
չ˼ȽţճХһͷԼ
Ŀֽһ
ţ
Сأܿ˿ѰСӰ
Ϣ󣬡ѽѽһӰ˹ֱļϣСצͷȥƺµķΪϲΪԼĲɡ
ˣ
һһɵ˰գ컹ǿѴš
ŽӹɽӰӰϪһ֮ϵĴ
ᵱһɽС
ţʵǿĿǰǳΪߣأԼغĿվ½ۣ֮
оǿߵǣ𽥷˱仯Ȼûмľǿߣӽڵ鼮лϤֽ߾ԱȲϹߣӹɡ
ԼҲԳΪϹǿһߣΪеƣ
Ϲ幦ڵѺԼɹ֮·ϵĻ롣
ɱȭָ߽Ϲ似Լɱﵡ
Ҫǣغ飬ĴڣŵԴȪ
ԼһӺҳǱǰǲûֱӷɽȥھһұнǡ
ϾڰշУ̫ҡ
۹⻹ǺܺãȻ첻ôðѴʦǿɲҵǿǳشڡ
컹磬ֵ˱Ƚ٣Ե÷ǳ塣
Сһǻؼأȥһ·ʵ
һ·̸϶˵Ϊڡ
Ȼȥһ˰ɣ㣬Ҫѧϰ֮ҳû˱ĵǿδ˼
ţҵ㣡ˣȻһЦת߿ˡ
õ뿪ٻӰпѣ˶
ҲȥˣСë׵壬쳯ҶҸۡȥ
ѽѽСһ߽һԼĶӡ
С޵ĺ̬ĵЦˡ
㿾ԣű㣡һСë׵ԴȤ
СԼСظһקӣƺ˵ϻܳűʳ
һһ޾ţʧڽֵϡ


14 ݼĽ
صҶûȥ׷䣬ǻԼ䣬ϴһ
Ҫȫµ̬Լչڸǰܸڻ˯
ǣоһУܿõõ
ϴһ·컹վӣСԼ⣬ŷ¾ӣŶԼسŸ׵ľȥ
СΪ⣬һͭƬʲôÿģпȺó
ë׵СצӣиϤӰӣ㡰ѽѽɺ֣ļһҲѧУеøˡ
ǣǵϤӰ˿ΪԼӰ죬ԼôǼһôķŭˣॡһڵϣȻΧžת˼ȦĵԴ뾵棬ֿǸӰӡ
ѽ
С˺ԹϣӰһڻ𣬲ֻǽѬڣĵƽӰӻڣֻģࡣ
ѽ
һһڳ䣬Ƕ̫ˣ
ϵŶϵʱĴǰһֻצӣһָֻķ䷽ڿбȻţͬʱѽѽиͣ
Ƿ쾹ȻȻȥˡ
ףһϢѾؾˣҵʷ˴仯ĿǰѾˡ
֪ģǰǽԣ죬Ҹʣԣֱǻľ
ڿѧϰˣѾ֪˭ģһǼģ
һȡôȵĹھһģҪõҺ
ǳ˯еˣǱ˪ӣԶǴĴʡ˫ƣ沼ϼ롣
˫֣ԼСʱ򣬱Լ
˫֣Լĵʱ򣬸οԼ
˫֣ԼʱԼļʱһԼͷ
ӣİɣ߱ǧɽˮ̤½Ҳҷκ壡
һֱһǿˣ£ᣬȻڸ׵Ĵǰ
ᵽ׵İжǰСԼر˸׸ԼһС
ǣϣˡ
ƴԼĸס
߾ȫվ½۷壬øΪԼõ
˫ȭգ۾΢죬ŴϵǸӰߵס
Ȼ߳˷䣬ͬʱĵźš
ףҲʧģԼʧ
߳Ժӣ̧ͷգһ
Ҫѧϰˣ϶Ҫ׼һЩϡ
ǱģϰõҩĿ϶õ١
ЩֻҪڣѻ׼٣Ʒʲ
ЩС¶鷳ѡ
ȥԼĴĽȻвٵӣ֧裬
ǿǸ޵׶ѿ϶޴
Ҫļÿ󲿷ȥĶˣǿ϶Ƿֵˣû취˼ʦ
ʵԸ»ˣһЩǳҪ顣
ǣԼĴ󲮣Ӳ˿
ĽѾ֪ͣʱȢһŮˣ˷ǳǽŲãŮˣҲĴˣĽӴĻûһֱǹ¶š
ĽӿҪĶӲģ˵ļҶԼõ֮һˡ
Դѣ⣬Ľ۰мӡ첻ȥĽҪһЩ˷ܡ
㣬
Լ󲮣ǳ𾴣ȻĳЩ
ѾþûҴˣ
̾һĽԺȥ
Ľȿʼɷ죬½ײ֮ҳȴڸ֮С
ļңʵǿ쾳磬ҳǵһڻϣҳǾҲûˡ
ɷҳǲᳬ֮
ļֻһɷ죬һλ̫ϳϣ꣬¡ǵľ磬󲻴пܻͻƣֻ½ֹڴ˾
ĽɷˡĽ˵СԼŬĻԺпܿԽ澳ġ
һʮ֮ǰûдﵽ澳ģԺ·󣬼дûڲ֮ﵽ棬ܳΪֵģǴﵽ龳Ҳࡣ
̫ϳ϶ɷһ쾳ģ̫ϳϺͳ϶쾳硣
ײľˣȻû˻עľ磬ǹע
ϣ³һĽʰһ㷭һµĲҵĿĽҳǵİдҵ
ϾĽĹʱ򻹵ȥӲһ
˱ûҳ˵
үүݼ
ɣһˣĽǳˣþû⺢Լˡ
󲮣ܾûɺãݺ󣬶Ľһʺ
ãйȥ㣬ֻѲڸûʲôɣֻĽҳȥ˳㿴ûʲôҪֻǵʱ첻ڡ
һֱĴ𻰰١
ӣҪע⣬ҪðѴʦһӣĽ΢΢ɫ䣬֣صظ
Ϊͽ֮ܳһذը
ĽŴ죬ĸ⣬㲻ǲôңҪһЩơ
ķûҲѧϰʱ㽫ԼĽ
ŶӹǷ˰Ľ̾ѣŵҪúѧϰȡΪ֣Ѵʦһ
ֶᾡģͷӦ
ҪһЩߺͲϣΪ׼һ£΢˼һ£Ľ
ֶҪһЩԼȥﱸ˵Լ뷨
ðɣʮƱţȥ˷һЩĽӿռָóһƱԥĵݸ졣
ֶл󲮣ЩƱƹһЩʱյˣͲ鷳ȥˡĽľٶǳж
ĹԺҪΪʦˣǼ£һڳϻüصءĽ˷ܵص·𿴵Ϊʦһ̡
󲮣ϣʱҪ˵ȥҪ鷳첻̫֪ԼֻϣĽܡ
ŶðɣҲ˵ȥֻҶ֪ı飬ĽջǴӦˡ
Ȼ֪ʲô£Կ϶С¡Ҫ֪Լֶճ꣬ԵزԼЩˣ޵ķʸ
ֶȸˣһˣ쿪ʼ
ȥɣʲôҪңĽͷʾ⣬һ


15 
صԼķ䣬ڵϵľӣһĪ
ɿѬ÷ڵľ棬֮ǰС̬˲׹ô¡
ӣһڻԭλȻֳ˷䣬ѰСӰӡ
ӰһСѾԼļϡ
ߣȥԿ⣡
ȥй䣬ҩ֮ģҪѵҪȥ˳ڳԵ㶫һҹڣ󣬶ͶˣڼСԻԶС
ϣвŸտţǲ͹ݿıȽ硣һеȵľ¥Ҫһ䣬һֻ򣬻а˾̻ˣĿɿڴСϳ䣬С
һӣֻʣӺ͹ͷȻСŶ߳䣬ˣεڴϡ
ҳǵķбȽϼУһļҵĲҵһռһ֣ʣһЩС̻ġ
˵ɫ磬иտ·ߵСˡȻֵϵ˲࣬СĽкǴ˷
ǧ֥ݣ
ħԳǣ
裡
һС̯ϰǧٹֵĶ޹ǣҩġĿ
һ£ﶼûʲôöʲôǧҩģǼٵģ˶ѡ
еĵ̶һЩö
ֻЩ˽⣬߹һһ̯λֵĶ治ѡ
ȻǰĽŲͣΪеĺ΢һ£Ȼ΢ǸоˡƺĳֶǣԼڵĺ顣
λүҪʲôŻݣ̯һʮСӣͣԼ̯λǰк
߽һ΢һȭͷĲȱס
Աߵƣֻһͨѣ̯ƶǮ
ѽλү۹⣡˵ƵĲǿ谡ֵǣƣСӿˮɽϲһʮӵƱ˵˼ֵǡ
Ŷ׶Ǯɫ䣬ʵ
ǧСһҧ
٣üͷ΢塣
ǧ壬ˡС΢ۺ̬ȼᶨ
أǿףʵ
ƬǼģôֵǮʮӣƣ͸㣡СӵעתƵϣԹû˿ȤϾ˭֪ʲôҪǿԶˡ˺˿ԵġҪʹףһ˵ֵǧ
ʮӣ㣡ףʮӸСӡ
㲻Ҫ𣿡СӴסˡ
ûаҪף˻ιףȻӽռָ
СӿڳԲԲģƽʱԼˣ˿ˡãһƼף׬ʮӣֵˣ
ָϵĿռָʱС𾪲ѣһĸӵܣôܴռָأҪ֪ĿռָǼʮӣǿռСһ֣߼ѡ
˵öռָĿռ䣬ҳǲСˣֵӡ
У
߹һ̯뷻ڲŲͣһǰ
첻ǵһУҳǣһĴڡ
˵б鲼½СǳأЩšЩҼˣҲҪ֡бϾģƣӲطȨΣŹӭ±͡
УǻеϢʮַҲϲԭΪﹺЩ½µ鿯ҳֻһҡ
ӭ٣˽ȥſڵк
Ҫʲô𣿡ŮС
Ŷ崿ŮƸԼɣûж룬ֱӿڵ
ڶ¥Ůĸ⣬ƽʱ򵤶ĶһЩͷӣȻһԼ꣬о档
Ů˶¥ڽ쿴һ۵ĵ
ŮߵһԱߣ˵˼䣬ָָ죬¥ĶԼܡ
СӣҪ򵤶ɣ֧Ụ̊˹
ţǰߣòԵĵ˵ͷ
ǸտʼɣЦǺǵʵ
ǵģ첢û˿Լе⡣ΪÿһֻҪµˣܻһЩҩζ
һǹѧʹõģԿָָĵײ
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ϰǿԵģֻͨĵѣʹã϶𣡡
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ϵǲǻƽƷʦģã˵ĿͶ񶥲㡣
Ǯһ˿ȷʵȸղŵǸҪúܶ࣬ϸҲͬ
ʮһҧ
Ȼ˵ĻǱȽϹƽļλ˵ѾԤˡ
̫ˣѵŻԭٱһЩ𣿡
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ҡҡͷȻôֶ
ȻĶ涨һǿŻ㣡Ȼ侲˻ǿԺõĵĿӿռָóһСǳϣߵĻƷǳӣѾ⼣ֻʲôƵġ
ԾĲǵۣڽӿռָȡһ˲䣬еĺֶһ£֮ǰҪᡣ
ⶦɣʵز϶ܺزǷƷôתøСӣ
ҲʦֻǼϣղضѣûãҲǵĵת㣡
Ǯ쾡ƽϲв¶ɫ
ʮȥУһֱڿ۾ȻѾеһĨɫȻġ
ɽ첢δӣʮ˵٣˵ռָ֮ǰҶɽļƱʹ󲮵ʮĻǺܿỨġһκ춯϶Ƿ㲻ٷϻֱóƱݸˡ
պˣϣڵһ;ɾ͡˰Ѷݸ죬պƱ
лС΢΢ȭǡ
ԶȥӰ˸п
ӷǷļҴˣָտɴ
˶¥һڷŴ鿯Ǽص½¼ǿļǿļһ˭ɧȵȡ
ĸϲãǰԼһ죬ԼҲܳ档
ڲͬˣĿüᶨ
ԺҵҲ棡
ջĿ⣬ʹߵкд߳ȥ


16 Ļ
̶̵ĲһʱͷĪ飬ⲻòԴ
Ϊʲô׺͹Ŷ춯أ
ǲߵ°
Զ챦ɣ
һſԿ϶ϵı춯Ȼ϶
˵Ǽ£ԺѰұɾͷˡԵõĻƾȥ̯Ա
˵ﲻܰٷ֮ٱ鷢ֵ֣Ļ϶ǱеƷ
øϽȥѣһԼĵ
ϵѵס֮ʱոһ¯Ʒĸ
õĵҩǻƷ켰¾һûָɷͻ澳һøѷ
ȻߵÿܴĵҩҲͬͬЩߵľĿ̶ȵĲ죬ҪĵҩҲͬ
ҳСطҪǱȽϰġһ岻ɻø쾳߷ãΪ˷ѡ
һЩͷߺͻ֮ʱЩĳǳء۹ţȪˮһЩǻǵ;ӵıƷ
ҩҲƷ׵ġײǻƽףȼɵ͵סؽԼף˵֮д˵еʥ񵤡ÿײĸƷֱƷƷƷͼƷ
ڻƽ׵ҩΪÿʦַͶ̶ȲͬƳĻҲͬƷʵĲ
磬ͬĵͬݺʶȵҩģֱȥƻôƳƽƷĻһ֣ǻƽ׼ƷǴʦͨ˵
ĸҪأҩġͼ
ҩĵʳ̶ȼݶԵҩƷӰǺܴģԽʵҩģҩԽãҩƷԽáͬԽõҩҩԽãҩƷʸͻ
ҲҪáһҩԺ۵Ḷ́ɵ֮ʱڵתǳңǵУᷢըѣֱӵʧܡ
һЩǳϵĵ߳Ϊʥ񶦡ඦƣΪԭ˾ƸƷ׵ҩҩԣҩƷʡ
Ӱ쵤ҩƷʵĳҩġ⣬ǻ档ֱӰ쵤ҩƷʺͳɰܡһʦףһַЩʦԵҵĵʦ֮Ϊ
һԣòǣֶ󣬼ҪˡǴ˵еĵʦҲûжٸġ
ѷƵĸƷʽϺãһΪ֮ʵһʦһɼڵ衣
ԺɷΧʱѾ֪Ҫŵʱڴһ
ɣ
쾭Ҳ˸顣ֹ
СڵϣʼĿ쿴һۣûǣŽȥŨҵҩζϰһҩģͨҩģϰġ
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ţ˼ݸ΢ʰһ·䣬ʾ¡
ڿѧϰ𣿡
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ϹűĶģԼ
ոڻģЦŴ
У˵ܵѽ㲻˵ˣƽɣȻ̫ţȷϹʱĶһлĶеĻ»Ҫֶ֪һ䶯ޣǻȥ
ģƭ㣡콣һŵӣľ˵˳
Ǹ֪ǻҳǷеĹ£۷ĸ֡ӦòʶϾʦ˽ⲻࡣǼ񵽱ˣԺлҪлл˼ҡ֣֮صص
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СˣòðѺȻƽ죬˫ִӱס˫磬زĺ󱳣ӣԵ䷢
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͸㣬Լ㡣ϾŶϷӲãҵ˵õģǵ½ҩ
ţ㣡첻˼ֱӽŶݸѡ
ĸѺǳԾǴûô󷽵ˣű͡
ţһѣǱȵϽеĵλᶨصͷӦΪ˰ңԥó鱦ȴΪһʲô
Сˣ˵𣿡ѾӨ˫ֱ죬ص
ţ
Сˣ֪𣬽㱻жˣ⻵һôôŮ˻أ˭ģѸ쵶գص
˵ԼĻվ˫ˮӣ˫һ˵Ľ뻳Уظںڵ㷢
֪ѽʵϣһԼģϵ˵֡
˽ӵѱ۾§סԼ˵ǳƽȡ
ǰɣһ˺ѷεߣһǲƽƽӴݲ棡
һ֮ȿڡ
ϣһֱңĵϣֻһһͨˣֱ
ҵΪԼΪ˸ףΪ˰ҵˣҷģҪߵۣ֮ԭ޷򵥵Ҫһװ̾ѵټ򵥲ԸԼȷʵΪ
֪Ҳ㣬ֻǵ㡣һ뽭ζŵڲϣʱпϲˣʲôҶ֧֡̾һ
漴ҶǺĵģԸԳ
ţͷ
ϲѩҿѾͷÿο㣬Сһƺʲô
ϲɣͣ٣ŵѩǸ¶ҺСʱ򣬸׼ġǳָ׻ģһ𳤴÷
˵ͬʱ۾⣬ŵ֪ҵĸ飬ϲһ֮飬ȻҲаĳɷ档
ţ֮飬Ҫ϶ĵġ


17 
Ů˵ĸǺִܹģһˣͲ֪֡ѩ϶ǰġ
ǣŮİǰܴģǧģǲԴ׵ġ˵Ŀ˿۾
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ˣ򸴺󣡡츧ı˵˸֡
һѩ׵ĲֳطɫҲЩݵļ٣˲ƽ
˶ڳĬС
Ƭ̸Ϲȥˣ˽ֿ
ʼĹɣ߻Լǰ鼮ݸ죬ҩӳС
Ҫ̵ʱϵݼ졣ָšҩ½õļҩ飬ǰǾۻż¼ɼģֵɹǳϡ١ӡպˣ
ţȥɣ콫ŶƵǰ
ղŸ㿪ЦģǸöԺܴ󣬲ҲǷǳ鷳ġĵ㶮ãҪʾˣѸ
ֻܷӳļֵҾʺϣֵ
⣬ֻڻã㵽磬ͻ׵ģİĳص
ðɣûڶ˵ѶûԼǰ
ҪҪѧػ𣡡ѿ죬ص
ػ𣿡
ػ𣬹˼壬ǿƵ𣡡ѽ͵
𣿡ʵ
ģеʦᣬһû⣡׵ķھһ£ʳָ蹬
ͻȻһֳԺȻ׵Ŀھ
쾫һᣬ㰴տھеһһȭͷСĻģš
ǰֵԼˣ棡ǳ˷ܣһͳɹˡ
ȻǸţֻһξͿԻ׳ɹҹҲҪΣҪ֪ҵʵߴΣѾ̾
ƺܷܵԼڵģüͷ
ڿƵĲ죬ԼΣˣͿԸƿػ棬ġ
ѵĻ쾲ظı仯Ųٿػס
һΣΣΡ
ԼӺڳʮ֮󣬱ƽȵؿĵĻףʵѸе𾪣ǸŰϣ
Сһ̫ҳԾˣѸ֪̾𣬾֪ģʱյʱֱǰ޹˰ҲǺˣ
ҪҶȽ˽⣬һΪǱһϹأ
ȷʵӵʱףѾ½߼¼ˡ
ϤΣøã첻ٴһ
ֹ˰ʱǴޱȣԭҲûеôķ
㽫Ͷ붦ףʶı仯ԻĿƷǳѱ
ѵ콫ĵĻ붦ףȻʶȥƻ仯
ʶǿڵأڵʶѴأϾԼͦˣʶġ
췢ԼԷǳɵʶƵ仯ǿȺ̬
ԼʮֿĵŻ𣬿ȴɵˡ
⵽ʲô˰ĵš
һӣĵϨ߽죬۾Ҳһ㶣ѵĶȻ⡣
ҵ۾Ѻĵ
쿴˫ĲɷӣϣᣬҲĵġ
𣿡ͻȻʵ
ǰ쿴۾ȻѵеĪǺֿش
ʶôôǿ󣿡һ־Ŀʵ
ҵʶһֱģĥıȽ϶ɣҪ֪ǰƴĶÿμֲס֮ʱҶҧأ־ȥԼĿ꣡ļ尾ڼϾϻĥ£ҵʶȻǿ󣡡ص
ҿԽʶ𣿡Ȼ֪ǸðҪ󣬵ѻ̲סˡ
˵ʶ൱˵ģеܶʶһ˵Ľ
һ˵ʶһɣѻҪǶܸȤ̫ˡһ쾳ߣӵбȼɷʶʲô⡣
üĳһССӰڵģͬʶֻ̬дﵽɷŻữΡԽߣԽʵѵԺʵ
˲ʶһͬԼʶѵʶǳ£ƽĺϣһޱȡʶǽɫģ޼ʣˣʲôҲûС
סˣô£
˻ʶ֣Ȼûб߼ʣǽɫġһŵһߵʶдСģԽߣʵԽǿʶԽһ
΢һͣ٣ŵҼ˵ʶ͵ĶģҿռСߵģʶռӰú˵ģȴʵ̫ˣ
д˵ˣ֪ʶǿʦǷǳҪģӰ쵽ɵʺ͵ǰ˵ԺΪʦ˵еĵʥ
Ľ㰡Ը̾
Ժ˭֪õ£ͷ˽⵽˺ܶණԼ֪
Ļѧϰ׺ܶ࣡ҪǱЩϹŶ֪츳ôãһἵġ̾
ԺеʱҪѧԼϾϲŵ˺ܶ࣬ŵҲ١ЩŵĵӣԾһҪԼЩϿǲһǱľֻŵġѷǳظ
֪ˣȻ˽⵽ĲпαǴصıԿֻץס˱ɽһǣܴ󣬺ܸӡ
ˣԹػ˵ûѶȣҪľһһĻ۾顣ȰꡮܲݡҩҺţᴿҩҺע㣬һҩãҩҺԽԽãѴϼһꡰܲݡݸ졣
ҲõҩģɫҶƻ֮һ
콫ܲץûڵһʱ俪ʼᴿҩҺָе
ʶȥ̽ҩݣеȽϳԣѽӽ˥ߣһֵֺĸоûж룬Ϊ
ʵͣ磬ܹܵҩݵ˼ûУغһ츳
ֻǼϢʱ䣬еҩݡףǿŵҩܵ¶Ȳʱ㽫ܲͶ붦У¶


18 ᴿҩҺ
һһҩҺ˳ʶǷ뿪أҩݱ콫еҩҺȻʼᴿ
ĶʽضȡˣʣȫǸߴȵҩҺȻֻкٵһΣȴصͷ
״ᴿ˳ɣ
콫δҩҺװһƿڣӷȻһܲϰᴿ
һӣӣһʱ
ʱȥˣϵҩȫᴿˣǳá콫ȫװƿȻ۾ղŵһĻĻ˼ܽᣬĿ졣
ʱֹȥˣ۾ְҩݣ͸ղŵĲࡣ
㵥ᴿһҩģķǳãҾͲˡҪľͬʱᴿҩݣ˵ţ㽫һܲݺһ֥ݵǰ
ȿʼᴿְɣ
콫ҩͶʶŽȡҩҺǣһ⡣ܲ¶Ƚϵ֥ͣҪϸߵ¶ȣղһСģ֥ʱܲҩҺˡ
üͷͣеĹԸղŵʼ˼
ڲͬ¶ȡҩҺҪԵĿ൱ɫСֱᴿҩҺҪֿԲͬҩĺͲͬ¶Բٿء
뵽˱ȥԣʵǼΨһ׼
ѿڳ˲Ͷ˿ֹˡ
ǻȫиͿпʼæˡˮӶŵߵҩģʶı仯Ժ
أɫˡ
ǰһﾹȻᴿķģѾˣ
ѵϹŵĵתɣ
һӵʺͲ˼飬ԣעһһ
νһͨ򷨽ͨ
ʱַĹȥˡ
СڽʱѾ˳ʮҩĵĻᴿһ֣һ˼СԱȥѽѽиͣ
ͣԼϰСŶӵίģ첻ݸ
ϰһˣȥ͸͸ɣ̰ãѰСĶһЦ
ţǳȥԵ㶫һȥãչһ¸첲ѵ
ˣ磬Ѿ̰ʳҲҪʳ伢ͿԲԪѿ죬һ
ţȳȥˣͷӦ
ãϾס﷿࣬Ҳʱ֪
ã㣡˵С˷䡣
ıӰѵгϣ
С죬ȥ¥أȥץֻͽޣզǿųԣС켱͵ӣ
Сɻؿ죬ë׵СԴһȻ㵸
С˼ֱСһɽȥ
һӺһһޱ㵽ɽš
ɽ޲࣬ɽһƬïܵɭ֣кܶһޣŻжޣ١
С죬ϰоһ£Ǳޣɫɭ֮У߰˺ܶ࣬쿴ǺԶʶܵһ£һûޡ
С첻ͬĸоǳʮ֮ڵķ紵ݶ类֪ظоǰмֻޣǵλԶ
ѽѽС˷ܵţСָͷָһ
ߣ⣬Ӱһһһʧټ
ֻһ㿴һɽ޵ϢҲֹһֻһֻȽǿ󣬵ԼӦ
еĳˣ㣡żϵСһ٩
СٲȻѡ
ɽ˲ͷţͬʱʶѹҲޡ
𣡡
񱩵ĺõضɽҡֻһ׵ĺɽܱ˳һ죬һ޺ƺŭ·˵ôС࣬ȻĵҰһҪԵͷʣǸë׵СʲôడôоеѪѹ
һԣ˲ֻɽܡɽܿǰȻԼǿ󣬱ŭѣ޴Ҳ죬˫ƣҪ˺롣
˫ȭһһ㣬޵Դ
أ
֮ɽһͷʬ嵹¡һֻеĺɽͣȻ𾪲ѣֻһ˲䣬ŭų˹
ͬҲһȭ˵ڶͷɽܣֳһ쳹׵ĺ
˳Դȥɽڳһֱɸߵľܡ
׺ɽܣ˼ǿޣ첢δԵһ˿־壬ʮ˷ܡ
ְɣ
ƾԼ˲俿ܣǾ޴ƵֱģһȭܵĸֱӽҵĵһԶԼҲ߳ߡ
ԽԽ˷ܣٴγ˾ܣȭھܵĸϴһ
ɲǼ䣬ܵһɰ࣬ȴֻߡ
ҲǺǿˣν֣Ȼǳ죬öֲǿٴҲû˼ˣֱӿʼˡ
һаɣ
Ȼ뵽ϹǿߵУǼǵй·ߣռейתʱɫϣһ޴ĻӰϹ顣
ܱŵɪɪվԭزƶ۾Եľʧ롣
ɹܲôֱ࣬ӳȭջܣɵľ룬һֻ޴ȭͷӰܡ
䣡
һ죬ֳܷ˼飬֮Զ
ʱȷʵɫɷףոһǷӲ֮һȴҲȫھտҲ
С˹С֣ѽѽиͣ촭ŴСһ˷ܾЦЦ
ȻָһȻֿԣ
˵꣬ʼתԻָ
СıĿżʬ壬ȻͣСצ޸ȥˣһСֿ˿죬ûʲôСһţһŽСˣȻҲѧӣڵϡ
Ϣʱ䣬С۾˵ԭط˼£гž죬Сצ°ͣӡ๾ࡱתͣ
ʮϢʱȥˣûκζС㽫һСӽĿʼ
ͬϢʱ֮Сһ۾ǰͬǣ۾Լн֡
С켤쳣ȥʱʱߣʱڲݵϷš
һֹȥˣ۾³һվ
ಣ
СǰСץһŶ׺ɽܵˣѽѽš
ˣôˣ𣿡챻СһĪ
СָָԼָָͣˣ˷ܵؿ졣
˵㽫˸ˣȻҲܳԾ֪ںо޴һģû˵Ҳˡ


19 
ѽѽ
ССԴͣȻ¶ˡ
Ѿˣܲ죬Сһﻹ治ǸǵģǲСģȻװ£һ뵽СʳȻ
Сһ˵ͷͬʱʣµǿŴ˵졣
ҲɣԺʱ䣬һ˳ԣСɫСԴЦ˵
С˵ġѽѽţСԴ½ǣȻڵϷš
С죡ǽɽȻ뵽мһȼԸߵ޾סɽҩġ
С˷ܵػСצӡ
һɽһŨҵȳΪӭϽ
ɽܴҲȽкܶɲݣǺ˵ģҲжģǳζЩɢġ
˲ʮɣоһ˿ĲΪɽߺܰԽԽڡֻʶȥܡ
ݣ
һݿǶݣһǶеĶ˵׼ݡֱӷãǣһص㡣󣬵ȴʶҩ
ݣʶ۷壬ʮؾ
ϲ֣ӿռָóһУСؽ˳װסʵ߿ԷֹҩҩԵʧһ߶һЩкƿԱʱ֮衣
ݱߣɽϾͻָ˳ζʶϸؿ˿ûٷʲôϽܳɽ
ջ޴
ߣǳȥСĿɰģĻϲҪΪԼʹһмǿ似ˣȻڵţһ似ԺԼɱﵡ
ø似ȡ֣߱롣
һСһѸ֦˸ˮϴһ㿪ʼ⡣㽫еⶼ죬װԺʹá
һⱻڻϿţСĹſڽԱŲ𣬷ſ⣬ͬʱҲŸʲôֲźء
ͽСءɣ˼·һͨáءֹ磬ʾеǿ
֣⡣
أҺڴ
С춢ſ⣬ͻȻ뵽еˣʣľ¶ȥʼ
Ȼע⵽СĶһ߿⣬һעСһ
ʱȥˣС۾˸һϢʱ䣬ʧˣСָ״̬
Сһôˣĵ˵ͷţԺԼĶСһ׼һЩˣ˵Ժܸ߽ޡ
ţ㣡һСĿ⣬Сһ˷ܵĽӹȥڵϿ
ӹȥˣСԵһֻɽܣԵò࣬ʣⱻװռָ
Ϩѣʰһһһޱ㳯ҳȥ
ѾˣҳڵƻͨûΪҹֹͣ˰
ҳǵҹﲻֻд˿̵˲еģû˰ķæÿѣȥ¥죬ȥ¥䡣
վס
սû߼洫ϤĽ
㣬ȥĶˣķޱȣָ߸żСӵܡ
£찮ķҲQ˼죬
ߺȣ첻ﾹȻקˣ̬Ȼܲ죬ƽ˳ܣһԾߣȻҶ졣
ûж룬Ϊĸղˣ˭ļ˿Ҳ˲̬ȡ
㣬ûпĸգ
ûУնص
ģķȻ̫š
£첻˵
Ҹ㣬ĸţڻûҪ֪鲻һ浽ˣ͵ܷɣ
Ĺ٣ӦñҸôأ춢ķ۾дʣҸ㣬ûпĸգҪ͸ȥɣ˭˭
ʲôȥˣķȻϰݡ
ȥĶˣʲô£췴ʵ漴˵춼Ѵʦ˽Ҹ׵Ĳ飬ôҲˣ
˵ͬʱϬֱķĵףķһս
ûУĸյ£㿴ˣ֪ͨһңб㣡ķȻҶ⡣
ҿĻģ˵꣬󲽳ѵסȥ
Ĳ֪ԶȥıӰķֹš漴ת˵Ұɣ
ѵסһŵ֣ɾӡҳǵ˻֪Ͼһأһ˲ÿ
˵Ѿ൱ڵڶһ
ڻɾӵ·ϣɫãȭͷա
ķ磬˳ģŰɣ
ô£鲻ãɫ죬ѹеʵ
ոķ磬鲻ãûֱ˵
ſİɣ˶ãΪĵ˵ʸûˣҪվ½۷ˣαںأѿţ鲻ãԼҲѹ
ţûʲôȻһɨϵơ
֮ǰɽɭɱ˼ֻޣ䶴ҵһݣԼݵѡ
ݣǺöȻȽײߣǼֵܸߣǶʶߺ͵ͼʦȻܲ죬̾á
콫ʢװݵеݸѣѴ򿪣һȻݳǰ
漴ַסӣϣ죬˵ڵ˵ݵǷǳģڵʶؾߣݣԲ֮뽫ɵЧã
㴦˽ⲻ࣬Ծͽ
ҽһǿʶĵҩԻ񵤡ǱȽϳƷҩ񵤵ϣһЩҩҶСһǿʶĵҩ಻࣬ȼܸߣ񵤱һֵ͵ȼĵҩ֪ⷽ漸ǿհ׵ģԼŸհѡҩûڵҩ֪˵Ϊ㡣
һʱҪϸţҪı仯Ҫַĳص
ţ֣صصͷ
óԼĵͬʱҲȡ˼УװĶҩ
ҶѩΡݡ޲ݣзѪ֥ͱ١
УҶѩǶײݣݺͽ޲Ƕ׶ݣѪ֥ȴݣѷڷѪ֥ݡ
ӣ˲ȼ˵쿴̾ѡȻԼֺܸߣǸЩʦȣԶǶԻĿƣ׵̶ȡ


20 
Ѳûһõ¶ȣȶֱʮϢ֮󣬲ſʼеҩͶ붦УϢʱ䣬ڵҩȫҺᴿ
ʶһڵʱ鵽أǻһᴿҩҺȻѸ϶ǣ˫ִ˼ֵӡֻӿ򵤶
ʮϢٱ仯ȶѱ㿪ʼ˲֮ͬǰӡʶڣֻҩҺѾһŹ壬ԽԽСȴʵ
ֹʮϢʱ䣬ڵ񱩵Ĳ˲任ַһ¶գתϢ֮󣬱ϡ
ʱһŨŨĵ˱ǶƳɹ
һ㲻ڻӷѱ˶ǣһö֦СĺɫҩڶУһЩصơ
һãҩģɢĵ㡣
Ʒ𣿡쿴ķǳϸ̾
Ʒ˵ƣؽƷҩѵص˵׵ĵҩν
ƣʣΪƽʱ˽֪࣬ʶȷʵȽѷڵƣϲ˽⡣
ƿ˵ǵҩƷʵһְɣѸ̾һƷʵĵҩƽ֣ǳͨûʲôر֮ƷʽϺõĵҩֵơһϴ̬Ѻؽ͵
ƾǵҩϳֵЩν֮һ֣˵̻ġѿ۾һ˿棬Ʒǳӣģ²ģҩƷԽãƱԽԽӣ
ö񵤣ӣƷʿɼһߡѽǰ˻ΣȻװһƿ
ÿʦƳеƵĵҩһʦУֻвʮƳеƵĵҩʦҲǰٷ֮ٿƳеƵĵҩȻֽ½ûмʦ˵ʱ򣬴һš
кིܶ˻Ҫ⣬Ҫʱ˺ȱһɡƱǵҩһֻ򵥵ѡʦ̬ȣĻãֻʱԣӰ쵽޷ƳƷʵĵҩʧܡ
ҪƳĵҩǲܵģص
󣿡ԽԽһͷˮ
ǳɵʱߵ֮һ󡣾ݼǱȽȷġһǵƣڶǵơƾ˵ǵҩƳɹḲһ״һֱҩʧҲǵҩٻյ
Ѿû˿ƳеƵĵҩˣֻϹʱʦƳȻƶ˵ǵƶڵʦһҳ㷹ѡ
еƵĵҩڴڼ䣬һֱԣ൤ҩŵԽãЧԽá
㷽˵ôһʲô󣿡ԽԽľò֮̾ǿ󰡡
һǲ̬ġĵҩͨĴڣ
ƳһŻƽƷĻ˵Ʊƽ׼Ʒеƣ׼Ʒ
ɵʱһЩֵӰ񣬱˵ʹ⻪ɽӰȵȣ൤ҩѾԼĵعĴڣɵʱܵٵ谭
ƽȹ٣ԭȽεͣ񵤷롣൤ҩž˻ᵮǣ˳֮Ϊ顣൤ϹʱҲǵҲƳ
ѵĻ챻ˡδô¡ҩԵǣ˵ǻۺǿ󰡣
һö򵥵ĵҩ֮оȻ̺ôѧʣԽԽԼСԽȴԽж
ǰһŵҩ죬ԼһˣȴΪ޷տ˸С
ҺҾѵ磬ӽԺұ㲻κѣӭС
һҪŬҪȱһҪƳĵҩ
һҪվۣ֮
ѵһеӼᶨˣһѷıδ
ԣСһһҪŬȻ츳ܺã֪ѧֹǧ򲻿մϲһ;޼ʣٷ֮Ƴвĵҩʱʦĳظ
һʦ޵޵
ҽģܵѶڵһ;Ȱ𾴡
ѽ񵤵ݸ죬ʾװȲáȻŵҸղַп𣿡
ʵش
ǸֻҪĦһ£ÿʦԼеַһһЩʹ÷ҪԼȥᣬȻڻͨܳΪԼ𣿡
ףͷѵ⣬ǳһжΪԼ
öл֪ʶʶȥȡԺúᣡЩݹһ˵
Ϣ壬Я㣬󣬵ȻҪȥ׫дܷʶļҵĲؾһЩĹʶ׫дڵġȻʱãЩʶͻɢһ
õ򣬾ʼȡݡԣصϢʵ̫ˣֱڶŶȫϢļǳǿĿһ֮©ļԺ

һվ򴰿ڣŶһҫ۵ĺգû˿룬
ȡʱͻصһ䷿һ㶼˯ֱӴá
Сϣź࣬ʱʱ
첻ĳ¥ԺϰȭŹ
ԼĶֶζһЩȻе似αǻ
ȭŹʵȡٶȺϣǽʮŬ
Ժߴ½ָĶ֣ⲻ˵ġԼȭǱġ
һֱ֮󺹣оȫ泩죬ӣԼһֱڽ
ϴ֮
ʱ֣ͣҰѰСӰһӦö˰ɣôûԼأ
Ժϣ췢ǵССӰʱ򣬾͡ѽѽһ㲻ǡ
С죬⣡óһȣС˻ΣСһﾹȻֻһۣ˿Ϊ
һ
һ뵽С첻˽һֻɽܣֲˣ˵ĻǲŽйˣ
ȥ񵤰ɣҪʵԾ뵽񵤡
ӿռָóƿöɫĵҩ첻ڶ룬ֱӽ˿ʼ
ȵӿ˲䣬һʮرĸоʶо蹬Ҫըˣ죬纣Хһ㣬ʹޱȡ
䣡


21 
ʶд죬ʱеʹͻʧʶһƬޱߵĽ𺣷ǳƽ΢ʶû֮ǰôģˣ
Բʶ𣿡ܵʶﴫݳ泩˲ͷţΧʮڵ龰۵ס
ʵ첻ֻ֪ʮкھʶԲһ֮ңһȴôͻƵģٸһö񵤣ҲÿԴﵽԲ֮
ʶǸҩﶼֻǸ
оΣѲ֪ʲôʱԣȴ֪̫ˣôҲȲǿߡ
ţоܺãƲ֮ͿԳɷˣ˵Լĸо
ǾͺãͼѧϰĻ֪ʶɣ֮㿪ʼ
ţѹеǹУػӦ
ѸԼҩģеȻ٣ʡµĶ࣬ʶһɨɸǼֽϣ鷳ˣһҳҳķʲôʱԿꡣ
֪ʶ᲻أ
뵽ȥ콫ҩϲϣƽľʶȪӿһ㣬鶼뵽ÿһҳÿһͼÿһ֡
Ҳԣ쾪
Ȼû죬ɱһҳһҳҪö࣬ƣ飬ԼҪʱ䡣
Ȼϸ´κһֻ֣ôڵʶʱԿϲᡣ
ڿˣ쾪̾мصЩ͸߽ҩѡ
Щҩһȥ˸ЩһʾЩҩȻԻγˡ
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ȻЩﶼǴ˵УֽѾҲûжۼֻǴҶЩȽϺ棬ȥơ
Ҫмй챦鼮ͺˣ˵ܲغ鵽ʲôˡ
ҳ̫СˣϢͨ˵ǱȽϱڴĳǳء۹ţӦûһ鼮ɣһҪ߳ȥĵȥһܸسɳ
ԽԽѹ֣ӥӦðڹգǹ
е϶˰ɣһЩͽҩģɫ仯еʵ
ˣոһ飬ȫˣʶԼղŵ̬仯ѵע⣬ģָֻ顣
ԿʼˣصͷͣϵĹȴӻʼɣ
ƽ׵ҩڡҩУ൱Ϥһȴʮֽ˿
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뵽ԼʦϲŮˣֿһҸС
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һаöȫǻƽƷöĵƽöеƼ
ҩƻҩĺľ⡣

һֳõ˵ҩҲǻƽ׵ҩԪĳ̬ɷµߣһܵˣָơ
֮ǰ׼ҩģٶȣò˶þͻľ
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22 
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23 
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ģƽƷıһҪõҳ壡

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ٶʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡ֱӽмۣĽûв룬ҩڳ


24 ֵĵҩ
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ϤԺӣϤķ䣬ϤˣȻֻҹδ飬ɶԸ׵˼֮ͬá
ףһϢһͨʦˡȻĿǰֻƳƽƷҩоųɰƳеƵĵҩ˵һ㳯Ųؾȥ
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ȰԼ˵
ߺȣ˹ˣؾ뿴ӣû뵽յؾſڣ㿴ķ硣


25 ĳ
ļҵˣѵ𣿡쵭ص
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첢δ·ϣ֮ʱղⳤϵĺǳУоһǿĽҪǿ
ݵͷƺһ㰡
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ʵ֪Щ̫ϳÿؾ󣬶Ҫ
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ģҲ˵ȥƺһ˿͵ڲؾ˰ˣҼǵĶʮǰ㸸׾⡣ǳѧ츳ҲǶģֻû뵽ᷢ顣СӸ£ӦòʮɣѾˣߵˮ׼
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ڵĹ㲻٣ɱȭϢСŲս似̫ˡ
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ħȻƷײߣȴʺԼΪһѵؽƷ߱ħϰһ׵ʹãսӲ١
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̰ãȰѵá
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ܣΨл澳ϵ߿Բڵɣ
ôңʲô𣿡ǰȻǳ˵죬Ľпࡣ
󲮣е£ǽȥ˵ɣ컹ǱȽϽ
뷿䣬ĽһϵĻأͻȻˡһСųǰңһЩҪļ
쿴һңԼҪСһ㣬һЩ£Ľ֡
ʲô¾˵ɣ
һĽδɣֱ˵ԼĿġ
󲮣Ǹأ
Ŷô֪ƣĪҳǶ֪ˣĽɻһЩ뱣ܣܴô찡ԼҲŻ֪ڴϵֻ֪˴ҩѡ
вμӽᣡû
ŶвμӣôأжԲμԱϸҪģûһʽǽȥġĽǳɻ漴׹ˣǰҸʮƱȷԽȥôû㣿
󲮣ЩҪ㣬ʱҪܣֻ֪֪ص
ţ̬Ľصصͷ
ȣһϢڿһʦˣ˳صա
ŶôͿˣһҪͣȡƳĻƽƷҩϢĽǳˣ˲ðżѣѾˡ
󲮣ڿɲֹƻƽƷҩƽƷҲǺ׾ƳģżƳһЩƽƷ׳һôذը
ʲôĽԼˣͣҼǵǴ˵ѵģ
󲮣û˵ѣȾҸԭί
ļҵĿɿڴУѽϵȫʵ֮
ûƭңļҼ쳣ֽס


26 ɭ
ģܼӿռָóԼװĺºͶңĽ֮쳣漴Ц
ļҰļҰ˼ӯ
󲮣һЩƽƷҩȫǴеƵģպˣӿռָóһƿڵĽǰ
ţһƿļϲ֣Ǳ
ҪúøлӣȥлĽ֣صص
ţ󲮣ҽ㣬ΪĵǿƶԼͼ˵˳
ưɡһ֮øڳϺ̫ϳϼҲûʲôûʲôãֻе϶ѣҪȥĽӿռָȡƣݸ졣
ȷʵãڸղƳֵһɲǣ쵤еĺ鷢Ե춯
飬ĽҲûʣ񻹳ЩҩԼϲ֮С
ʱ䲻ˣȻȥˣ⼸춼ϰ΢һͣ£е㲻ϰߣ
ãúŬȱʲôңļ㾡ҲƣΪȡãĽ͸¶ޱȵϡ
죬ԶȥıӰĽᣬӲ֪˶ٿ࣬˶ίĸţֻԲѣһ·еļ֪
ܣиˣ㻹У
صԼľңʵڲҪϰһ似
ϰħɣ
ϰ϶СҹȽϰױ˷֣Ҹط
С죬ĵسţڳת˼Ȧǰٲ
ķ緢һЩִǼһڶԼ˦Уԣڳת˼Ȧ
ҹٲһ龳
ҫ۵ǳûеĳγһĻȻ⡣
ϰȤ
ڵ˿İСָĵеĲ˵ʦõĿ̵Լߵı
ɵ󵶣ͷ󿳵˫
߱ħǵƷϳ˵ĵ
ڵ˽١
˰ٱ֮
ν飬аԵˡ
ֻжԵһ˽⣬Լĵ
ѧĵɨӡΡնͻ˸ǵİ÷ʹЩǳ
аԵôҪһԵǿǡ
Ȼõϡ
ħƷ似ȱڻϵĴ죬һҪն¶ħⲻҪһ˭İԵ֮ģҪһֱǰη֮ġ
η֮ģԵ
ϸšԵ֣νԵ
䲻֮Уѵ֮ʤӡ֪ԵҲ
˵İԵҲһ˭ʣǴηţ
едǡеϹǿߣԵޱȣ
ؽ״̬趯
νֶ֣浶С
ħʽһʽΪҵڶʽΪħ񾡣ʽħ
һǿһУаԵһǰ
룡
һǿĵնϪֿ˲䣬̶ָֻԭ״鵶ˮˮ
ʲôʱԳ׵նˮ
İԵǲٲҲη壬£
һ죬ջᵽ־磡
ʱķϰ򵥵ʽɣõ츳ҪڷܺŬȥƲС
֪̫߸ֹͣʱѾˣסԼһͨ˵̬ȥϰֽҪһЩ
оԼʪܵ·һرʵĸо
ϴһֻ·㿪ʼϢ
Ϣԭ֪м㹦о㣬һΪϢԼϢڶǻڣΧΪһ塣
һʱ䣬һϢ⣬þͿԽ뵽С֮
ļ죬쾭ʱȥɾӣ⣬ʮ콫ħ֮ϢһϢҲǵСɾ硣
ȥɽɭһ˵Լ뷨ûоʵսϴĵȻЩѻԼЩûɱս޷еս⡣
𣿡΢һ˼Ǳߵʵͣɶ˵òǧҪ̫룬˵нӽޣ
ţֻһЩʵ൱֣Ӧ
ȥɣעⰲȫصȻϿɣле㵣ġ
С죬ɭȥ
룡
һһֻݻԴѪɽ
С죬ȡˣȵ
ССӰһ޸е˱СץѾɱĵʮֻˡ
Ѿˣޣɴ඼һģֻʮֻƷߵľֻݻΪס
⼸ʵսɱԵôޱȣɱ¾Ѫϴ£١
նɱһֻͬޣֻҪʮϢʱ䡣ȻЩٶ͵ޱȽ鷳һЩ
С죬Ǹ򣡡ָһоһ˿վ飬һֻҵޡһһӹ֣ȥ
ǰһʮɿıˮˮϵ΢ˮһ
ƬԲԲҶӣмһ֧ɫԿţȻ
Ҷ׶ݣ
е㼤ڶοݣһǶ׶Ҷ
ǰȥȻͣ½Ųһ£ݶػҸղҲо޵ټûв´Ļ޾ˮ
˼һˮվڱϣó߱ħתˮȥ
䣡
ˮ汻һɳĳ߿һĿӡ
һˮϳһֻ޴Ѫɫܣ۾ɫġ
Ѫ󸣡
һֻ׵ޣѪ󸡣޲½սˮȷȴ£ңѪĭһĶԡҪɱһѶȡ
Ѫ󸿴죬˹࿿ɵʱͣΪС졣
ѪãټС̫Сղûע⵹Ҳʱоһ˿Ѫѹ
ڿŸòðϢ¶ȥЩɵؿ˿С죬֪߹޸ʲôϵ
ܿ첶׽ĳɣӦһնѪˮзǳһ׼ǣͶ㿪˹õȻҪɱǼŭ
ҪսָսԼʵսս顣
ȻıӦˣѪˣɶྐྵȻҸԼ֣һҪԵ
һѪɫĳ졣
ǱѪĹ似Ķж


27 Գ
ɱűѪ³ǵѪ쳤࣬˿δ壬Щ˷ܡһԾ߱ħѪͷϡ
ͷһϣѪʹޱȣˮ﷭˼£漴ˮס
תնŽ͸Ѫˮ档
ȻͷƤЩ飬Σ٣ٴתѸٰθߣȥ
꣡
һɫˮղսĵطӹԣǱѪĶҺմͨ˵壬Ҳˣ죬ҲжݵԣԼжôͻΪѪ֮ʳ
ҺķӦ죡
ڸղƶһɲǣ˱Ѫλã˲жת߳ɵնһгħ񾡡
룡
أ
촫ˮ汻ˣѪҲһΪ˼£ˡ
Ľϴ󣬻صϢƬ̣˼ö漴ˮϸŵľ޴ʬ塣
żˮ棬ˮƽأһУ󸸹ȡˡ
Ѫ˱һĶҪΪѪʹһĿԡ
Сһζˣ
ְҶûڵΪҶõĵطĻĲֿԼ
С죬߰ɣϢƬ֮һһ̡̤
𣡡
ǰ˰ʱǰ㴫˿ֲ޺
ͣŲתϢ֮سԴ
ղظоǰпֲĴڣֱӿ⣬ֲȴȿ˵
ɽĽһɽȣңڿ®ɽĿ
һֻʮɾ޴汻һʮɵĽסڵϷţ֮ɽʯ䣬ľѪɽȡ
ͽǶ׵ޣսǿ֮һ춼Ƕ֣ο˿ǰֻĴڣɲȥǡȻٶǽͲͬˣٶȿͬ⣬Լûʤ㡣
ֻǿսɴδлĦһ£Լʵ
˺ϱô֣ס棬ҲϵսϢĴȴҧŽĲӣһݴ̽˽ڣ˫ţֻΧɽȴƻһͿ
𣡡
һΪֲţˡ޵ĽŲ
䣡
ɽʯѣɽһֻʮɸߵԳ·ǴԳڵϲȳĴӣװ˫ëһŭؿǰֻޣƺһԼΡ
ͽԳ֮ʱѾֿٴУ޷֮ǰĳޣˡ
һһҷԳǰſľ죬ԳʾԳǶޣǸһסǴ˿ռƣ˵ɱԷ
޵ĶԳŭ͵ȵĶȻԼϣǿ벻̣
ԳŭһһԾ棬Ѹޱȣ޴ȭҵľԴܲҷ˳ȥ˸ԶɫѪҺɽһء
Գ֮ʱˣ׼Գλã˲һһţҧԳ֮ϡ
Գչ棬ܲ͵ϮɹǳŭûˣΪı۰һӲˣĸоһʹѡ
һָ˽Ĵ죬һ߳ʮԶţԳһ˲͵˽ǰȽһȭҵͷԿǶȥˡ
ʱĽһϢڵ⣬ԳɲŹץͷʵֿһͷֿˡ
𣡡
˲ɱһУԳţС
ھʮԶĶԷҡҡλεؿԳغˣԳȻע⵽Ķһ㵽ǰ
ƺ֪ǲܵģΨƴһսſ죬ԳĲӷҧȥ
ǣԳһĹˡ˫һ壬ıϣ˫ȭϵԴôҲ˦ԳԹڵϣŵ˦
ʱҲֻʣһˣţվѪȪӿ
ǣվԳľȭȷʵһԽɽڵ£
ԳƬɱУ쳤Ÿʵš
һ֮Գƽһ۵ϵʬ壬ɽ˲ûټ
Զʯں³һ
ǾĶǵս̫ǿˡԳΪսǿ֮һȻ鴫
Լ֪ܷ֮ռƣСǿȲǲֻͲˣҲֻмѣԳ¼ʮﲻֹ
ĺúС
ΪʲôϹʱǿôǿأԭʲô
磬ź֣֪ܶʶСһ֣ǿĴڡǻԶֿɱȣڵУشѰ֮Լսʳˣӵ˿ƥ޵ǡӴˣ½סʱ
Ĺ²ġ
ʹǿ죬ΪĿ꣬Ϊ˱Ϊ˸õػţҪŬ
˵ıԣ
Գ뿪һӺվ߾޴ʬԱߣֻ޵ȥ˳˳õĲϲ
ЩϿҩֵǮ
ȡһռָװЩϵʱƲϢ˳ʬԱߣռһ̲ѪҺ
ʱź⣬˲佫ϵѪҺ˽ȥæͣ¶ؿǰһĻ
ԱߵѪҺֹͣڰգҫۣΧʮɷΧڵѪ˹һӣɽеѪ֮ʧˣϵʬѾ˸ʬ
쿴Ŀɿڴȷʵû뵽صĶֱᷢ仯
Լ⽫֮䣬Զڿռָ˭֪Ѫ
Ѫ֮󣬡ϡһƴӰڵϣɫĹâʧˡ
콫ȥ˼Σûʲôر仯ֻɫԭĺɫ΢ѡ
ǸֵӣԼǲҪ޵ѪҺιأ
װռָ㲻ȥװжкһС죬˳ɽȡ
ȥɱޣɽе̫ǿˣĿǰӦġֻҶĽ׵սߡ
ԼĽ׵޵ս࣬϶Ҫɱǲܵģսƽ֡
ȷ˷һһѸٱ˹ȥ


28 
С죬עԷ͵Ϯ
Ÿղŵķ񱼹ΪԺĴսһ֪βǴսǿս
Էǿ󣬿̫࣡
ʮֻǣһֻ׵ҪˣĶǶһ׵Ĵǡ
Ⱥսĸ֣һȺ֮
⼸ʮֻ͵ǳ˹еæҡһɱУǵ̫ˣ˴ʧˣǰߵģߵѶܣ鷳ˣ
кü˿ڣȻǺأǳʱڵľ޴ľ֮ǰܽȺôܻǿڡ
˿̣һѪˣ϶ǵѪ
սӣɱʮֻǣǹֻȺ֮һʣʮֻǣսپ

ҪӮⳡսȵó
ȺΧһȦΧУСץס죬Ⱥ
߾裬ͬʱλãҪʱﵽߣ֮ɱ
룡
գ߱ħնֻ˲ǰһ֮ͨһ㣬˲ɱ
ܹ֯Ǳһһնɱӿ˹ʱٶȱҪ죬ֻһգ۾͵ǰ
ɱԼûкˣֻ΢΢ƣͬʱ˹ȥ
ħһʽҵ˲ʹ˳лĲӡ
ۣ
ѪĽѡһ޴ͷڵϡ
һɱ
˲湥ȺˣûǵĹҲɢңһںˡ
һᣡ
ɲŹκλᣬһöٴγȺ
ħʹ˳Ϣ֮Ƿûһֻ

һٴһöѪԸСȥȡˡ
Ƭ֮ϵ˿ϣָ˴ιʮˣһŶףĶǶһס
콫װռָˣȻȡƣһʬϣ˲䣬˸ΧѪȫˡ
Ǹιļһ
ƣ̾
ʮֻǵѪֻһӾˣ治֪װĶ
Ⱥսǳս˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˲٣ԺӦŻøǿ
ԸоԼı仯ǰ޶еš
ȥǰ߿ɣ
߹֣ǰһСɽȣкܶҩģȻҩƻƽƷǿԵġ
ϿóһʵĿռָѸרװҩĵģռܴ
ʱ콫ɽеҩĲɹˡ
ɽͨҩԽԽ٣ȴ˼һ׵ҩϲæ֮װռָ
췢ɽû·ˣɽһɽƺΪġ
С죬ߣȥ
ɽģʲô壬ʶ̽·ֻܿǰʮڵķΧ
ɽڱںƽԼЩʯ̵̣ʲôҲƽ̹һɿֻ·ġ
˼䣬˽ɣǰĹˡƺһʯʯʣһʯҡ
ǽмʮ̨û꣬˺һ㳾
쵯ȥȼе˲硣
ɼǽϿ֣϶ʶǹʫʣϹʱģ½ϵ˶С
ǽϿһͼһһǳϤĶ
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ôйŶͼǳ𾪣Ҳʮֲ⡣
ĪǴ˼Ŷйأ
ź֮ģŴеʵܼ򵥣һʯʯ⣬ֻʣЩڿˡ
ûڴзʲôֱӽʯҡ
ʯų̂ܺڣѴе̨һȥ
ս棬ȵʲô¡һ죬ʯ
Ȼнƣƺһ󷨣Щжšòǹ󷨣Ȼ鷳ˡ
Ŀҹ飬ʱʯ磬İ辡۵ס
һʯһʯΣһˣ
ȷе˵һߺǣ
ȥˣʬѻ·ã·һ
ǵ˫ִʯϣָϻһռָ
ʯ̴ľӡ
쿴һΧûʲô쳣㾶ֱʯϸع۲𺡹Ǻʯ
ʯһ֣
ὫپԵ֮ˣ֮ǣȡ¿ռָڵţ֮вϣᵱмл޾
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˿һʦѰĴˣԼҪҵĪ⣿
УǸлĪǾǰĶ
ԼһĺãȻܵõǰĴкͱֻǲ֪˵Ρ
лһߺǣûйΪĸκˣ
û̴ľУȡ¿ռָ
һռָ۹Ӵ֮ͨ
ʶ̽ռָ棬󺧣Ϊʶ̽һ˲䣬ָһԼ蹬
˭ʲôͷʹѡ
ڵȵˣˣʲôԺԼֳһߵ󣬡СһΪʥṩʥĸĪҪֿֿҲûãƬ̣Ϊ
㵽˭ΪʲôңϽʶҿΪһõ壡󾪣ԼҪˡ
Уҵȵ̫ˣ֪ǶˣھҪҷ޾õʥ컯
޾Ѿˣ˿̵죬Ĵ߾ȫֿʴСԱߡѽѽļС
޾ǵʥôľӦʥˣǿ֪ĶᲢ˳
ʱĽɫʶﲨ죬޾޴֣ǵһοʶԼ껹Ҫ㣬һߵʶ
Сӣͣʶô£޾ǳɻЩ¡ò׵ȵһˣܳκβ
ҲɹģһԱȻǷǣҲᣡȻ
СӣĪҪ֪ôҶɹҽȫնɱ޾ʱѿʶԱԼĿľͰ׷ˡ
룡ŭžʹ
޾߾ȫʶڴʱһֲ顣
⵽ʲôʶôֶŹҡ
޾ɫĺ︡һɫԲ򣬾޴ޱȣɵϢΧɫ˻һ죬ûˣһ˲ʧȥټʧˡ
һжƽСȴ֪ʹ䣬ô󺰴С


29 仯
ѾѪڵϷţţ߾ȫʶбһ˿һû뵽޾Ŀʧк˲ʧˣʶϻظƽƺһŰɫ塣
ԺﻹǻģȻ޾ʧˣ֮ǰԼʶǿƿأȷ˵Լ
СؼһԼʶ޾ȷʵʧˣֻһ
Ŷ˭֪ʲôž˿ܻᷢʡ
Ƭͱˡ
䣡ʶһ죬ӿţɫʶӵ
ͻˣʶͻˣ
ͻ˺ö磬ʩչֿԸо֮Զľ룬ǻ澳ʶŻеıְѵԼʶѾ˻澳ˣ
˼飡
ڲȷʶһ硣ղǷ޾꣬䣬似ָ󷨣ڶˣ
ֻ˺Сһ֣Ķڲʶغš
һʥǿߵĻǷǳǿģȫաеһ㣬Գűһߵʶҿغ飬ɡ
ν⣬֮У֮󣬱к󸣣
˴㱻ᣬɵõȴǷޱȡ
ʶǿ࣬õһʥǿߵһЩ䣬һЩ컹ǾԼġ
쾲ѰŹڷ޾һϢ
޾Ǻʱǿߣ֪Ƕǰߣǵʥֻ˵׼ʥΪֹƳöʥ׵ҩƷ³ˡ
ľȴʥ죬ʱǶĴڣڼǰֻˮƽ
ΪУǿߺܶ࣬л񾳵ߴڡ
ڷ޾ļлϤʱ½ĸǿţֱڣ鵤ڣʥںڡ
𷨣ǿڷͽԴȱΪɭϣƺʩͬʱҲɱһ棬ħӲȻˣֻת
鵤һţڶǵǿߣеڣ˴½ʦ޾鵤ڵһųϡ
ʥһ޽ɣԽΪսǿ˵俪ʦǻ۷ǿߣȼĸ֡
ڣԼȴ鼮пǴ½ΪǿΪصšʵĴ֮еֻǱ鵤ǿһЩ
鵤ҪţսóҲ
Ĵ֮սǿĵʥڣϾռб֮ͽǿһЩȥԿǺܳԿġ
ڣлһҪȥݻһ£
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ԭŶΪ鶦鵤ڵ񶦣ǵ괴ɵõĵ
һ
ԭᷢ춯
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澹ȻֲҩģȻֽҩĶήˡ
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ҩήˣֻΪķˡʶһΣȻ󣬰ԼɵҩĶֵ档
һʱĿռֳһľСصЦһ£ȻС컹ûӦʶռ
С조ѽѽķһ룬ȻֹΪȻһֵĵطĲòΪҲͲ׷ˡ
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ѽСصͷȷʵϲطϾҩ԰Ǻܳԣġ
ԺлᣬŪȪȥѼһ·޾ļ䣬Ŀռָһ㶼һЩȪĳõʹáһȪģǱ޾ˣûĲ䣬ԲŻᵼҩ
ƣĿǰóŲ˼ꡣ
ԼĿռָժӽöĽָ棬Ȼָ֮ϡ
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컹ǲ̫ȻϾʥڵĴ½ϣҲǿóǧѪɺӵĻ
ˣǰĶˣ˭ʶ
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ֶһ϶ǳˡȻĿ⿴ʯϵӣװʲôأ
򿪵һӣһöǰʶУݿһ֮Զʧ
һöһԵļ¼һҺĿ֮
һĹΪɻ꡷ɱ˵׳ⲿ֪ʲôȽףȴаޱȣ޾ֻŪһЩƤëȻ֮ǰҡ
ȻаĹûΪûаĹֻаˣ
ڵʶԶԼľ磬Źֶһ
ʵʶͬһ£ֻǲͬߣ䲻ͬĳνѡ
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ʶûй̶ľ绮֣һǲľֵġ
˵һһߣ£ʶǿľƥ䡣Щһߵʶȴ൱ߵʶǿȣôǲ˵ʶֻ֮˵Ǳ֮ЩԽսӵиԼսһ
ӵб⻯澳ʶǿȡ
ɻ꡷˵꣬ǿԼиǰǶԷǿԼᱻᣬ޾һ
кܶİļ䣬еҡ
΢һⲿһͷԣ˵ڶӡ


30 
ڶװһƿжʼȴо
Ѱһ·޾ļ䣬֪ô¡
ԭƿƸӡˣڵʵ޷򿪣ֻƥʾʶܴ򿪷ӡ
ǵӡ
һʹľᣬϹʱǿӡб
ڶǸղ̤ʯ֮ʱʯҵĽƣҹ
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ѪǻߵѪҺѪҺ
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ѪҺõԴ֮һڵɲҳԣǺǷ޾ʥʹãԼ񾳵ʱԼȵס
˵ǸöΪǸʥ͡ɻ꡷Ҫмֵ鶦Ѷá
ΪһߣȱԴһʹԼϴ跥ڶ׵ǿǣǾϻǿ塣
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ڵͬҪǿܶ࣬Ҫ󻹲Զ
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޾ֻ˵þһĿռ䣬һ֪öԿġ
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һȥˣСڿռָ˯˯˾ͳһˣȻ˯ⲢΪ˯֮ʱ
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ַͣʶɨһ۳˯С죬Ȼó˫һЩҩġ
Ҫµַʵм⣬ڸõ
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ƽƷһöÿöĵơ
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ţ˼ҩÿһǾöÿһöĵơǰͬҩģֻƳö
ԽԽ˷ܣԽԽ졣ǰһҩҪһӣ֮һʱ䶼Ϳԡ
һȥˣǶչҩõ֮һһѵҩûƿװˣԽҩװҲˣͣ
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Ըо˵ʵԼߺܶࡣ
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ڣǲˣΪױԷ֣߶ԷѾԼˣֻùܶѡ
˫һЩˣǺء
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룡ƾǾץңΣеĳ裬һ˵һۡ
ǸˣһϹ˲ץסᣬһ㣬ӹߵߣӽɽȶߡ
׷һ׷Ϲȥ
֮ʱĵطӶһǿĵϯĴʯѣ׷ɡ
Цһ㲻ȥ졣ΪյʱͲˣһ֪ľ粻ߣһǻǿҲȥӣɡ


31 
ںߺһӣʯ˳Ѫ·òһۣޱȡ
ǻ澳ǿ𣬹ȻҪ幦±ˣ
ϽܳɽȣҳǱȥ˭֪ǻ˻᲻׷ԼǽһԸѾˡ
·ϣ˼öѪ·
ʱصҳǡ
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ȥöˣһΪˡ״̬ƺ֮Ϳͻˣ죬Сӡ
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ʲôᣡɫɷףе
ţйʱڵߣˡǵ
鵤ڣû˵ҵ֪Ѷһ£ŵһصǿţ˵һС統Уż½ÿһǼǿĴڡ
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һĵĲ֮ͬǾᴿΪףһʣ˷һ˿ҩԣҩĵĻԡ


32 ɽ
һƳɹˣȻǾöƷǳ̸ӣŹƺ쵽˻ƽ׼Ʒĳ̶ˡ
𣬵ȷ
ļһֱһ֪ҪֿˣԷһһĴ½ϵ񻰴˵һ飬һֽԵܡ
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ţҪǿʵܽҰȻȢߣ򣬻ɱ֮֮ʱ˵ţͬʱԼϵһĲϡ
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Ҹ飬֪飬оǶԴѩһͬѩְƫϲƫ顣
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УоƾͺãҸ˵ϢǾŻڽһϸ»ˣʲô磿ȴСӹƺʳһ⣬ﵹơ
ʲô磿˲ͷˣæʡ


33 ɽ
ɷ죡ƹһ˵һ仰һЩơ
ʲôɷ죿ôǿҼǵǰ뿪ʱѣȻʱѾΪƵ۹ĵһţǲѣͻ˽һ󾳽磬Ҳֲ̫˰ɣ
ǰûǴĻڲŶʮһ꣡
ϢʵĻڽһһţƵ۹֮ĵһ
۷׷ףҲǾȲѣ۹ǵ۹һЩСǳؿԱȵġʮһɷһ죬ԼϵȻɲΪԼŻӡ
ţʮһԼǷǳֲģ
ΪȵĹھȥģʱԼѾʮˣҪʵ龳š
ڽһ
찵ּ£Ǹ֮ˣԶĿ꣬Ḷȱ˶ٱŬ
ڽһһţǸȣ̫ԶˣڶʮʱѾ龳ˣѩҲǡңѩǵĴȹھʱʵӦ龳һ¡
ôҲ龳ʵУÿһĴȣۺʵ󣬰μĶ龳
꣡ȻһʾҰȻָſڡ
ֻĸ˽һƺԴһ㣬ʮ˾꣬ƺ˵ͷ졣
СļŵϷǽԱߵһʹС˵ȴδСһۡ
⼸˶Դӽ֮ͷ̧ø߸ߵģûпһۣ˵Ǹ߰ޱȡ
С˽Ժ󣬴еȺӷ
ⲻܼҵں𣿡
ںƣȻĵܵܣʮ֮꣬Ƶ۹֮һˣ
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ǰ˼֣ƱС£Ҳ֮ڣҪǿһЩ֣Ʊദˣ
𣬲ʾԼԽ
ڽ˽һʱ壬е˳ֻʣڸԵĲá
ǰҲȾƣǾĽȡرþƣرơ
˵л䣬˼ԽԽԽԽŨҡ
ʱȲ⣬ֻǸоⶫȽˬڣһЩ˯
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ѪǾҵܵҩôܽλأɽȫѪҧǰİ˸ˡ
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ֻ·֮ͣؼǹң̫أ˰ɣδҪɽѪֻ΢ڵϵɽ
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ҽûһӣڱԼһ󾳽ǰңɽ¡
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ĻɽһסӯδԼ˵ԼǺĻɽĵһɺȻͦš
ڰȫˣҸطˣʵɣҪøãҪǿʵˣ˵꣬ɽ𻰣Ӱһ㲻Ӱ
ʮǰһҲöΣ֪ҳǡȥҳǣȴδܼǰɽ
֪ǰʶϾĵ˿ɲ١
Ҳ²ʶ
˵ǼҸ֪Լĸ֮٣ҲǷǳԺ
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ǸְɽԼˡ
ǰһ£㾭ɽḻܸܲһЩעתƻ⣬ɽһֱڻС


34 
Ȼû⣬ǵһɣɽ⡣
ţ
ûп㻹ʮɣ죬ȮӰںɽǡ
ɽȥɽսӵܲлˣȻֻһȥԡɽôһ֮߱Լá
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ǵĽֵǳӵ̯ռ˴ЩߴӺɽȡԴȻԼòĶóȡҩʯ
ǰҳǣûпʯףȴǺձ顣
ǻУһЩ̣ǷƵ۹ЩĻ
߹һ̯λ۵ĶһЩҩģһҩձ飬ҲһЩ̫ࡣһ˲ϵҩóﻹһЩɵıǻƽ׵ģƷҲУ١
ҲһЩֵĶδšĿġ
һһЩ߻ȡһЩֲҩǸӦһ£ûʲô춯뷨跨õһźɽľֲԵͼԷ·
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Щƽ׼Ʒҩϵĵƣ첢Ǻ⣬ĸãǸоԼ̬ǲȶҪÿһĵҩҪеƣǳһҲС
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ǣˣ
ݻѸͣ¹תӣû㱻նϣһء
СˣٴóƣΧѪ
ԼսǱȽ⣬նɱֻޣǼ֤֪ԼܷնɱĽޣûԹһΪ޵ĵȼÿһףսȡ
ϣԼܾһĽ׵ޡ
ïܵĴ֣иܴɽȣȿʬǡ˵ģҲ޵ġ
ӦһֻĽ׵ڳ˯Ƶġ
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Ϣ˽ȥһͷ޴ħţſڵϣصĺʹɽĿܳƣǡ


35 ħţ
ʶɨһɽһСˮأϼݡϼǳʢɢ
ϼ׼ݣ޸ЧѪҩġ
ǱɽߵˮԱߣˮҩһƽ˿ռָ
ϼһʧɽŨ½
ħţĺ˲ֹͣȻ۾Ťͷˮأˮر߾Ȼվһˣеȴˡ
裡
ĺħţŭˣĵֻ˿⣬ǳ졣
֮ʱɳɽΪռ̫Сս
ħţͷϵֻۣȻסˣһþ
һƵɽϣһӰ裬Ůһ㡣
ѣ
󾪣⵽Ķ
ô
ħţĶǰ
ǰ˶Щճšѡһоȫ亹ֱð
ϵʶǰľʧѾˣħţǾ޴ԴѾ˹ֻоһƬӰȻǷ·޴壬˳ȥ
ħţײ죬ûмŹΪҪˣԼôײһԳܵˡ
쵹ʮ֮⣬³һѪ߹Ƕ˼Ҳһ̶ȵˡ
ó˼öѪȥȻžʹվħţɱ졣
ħţҲסˣȻվ
ԼôĹֻһѪѡ
ʵߣôǿײҲˣֻߣȻǿ
ҩЧȻܺãƺܿ츴Լ˶ϹǣҩС
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ħţŭ̫ˣԼûˣʵڿɶ
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ʮФΪʲôţǰ档
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ŭħţ޼ƿʩɽڡ
䣡
һ죬ضɽҡʯĵɽڱװһ󶴡

ħţʯ˶ӣͷѪֱת棬úõվ
ΡΡس죬ٶ˺ܶࡣ
֪ħţսѾ½㲻ٴ˷ʱ䣬ֱӾ߱ħһħֱնţͷ
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ģĵֻѪһѪ۳ţͷֱӽţͷΪ롣
ħţ
СˣԼóħţѪȫ⡣һһֻ޴ޣһ߸ʬ
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ʳѪĪħˣһŮҲɫɷס
ħţüˣȼͣǷǿΪǿ󣡡ɽɫҲأһظʬôնɱħţʵȻ֮ϣа죬ԺҪСһ㣬ܿҪĦ
ǣͬص
˱ɽսӵȫԱɽǶӳ֮ɽǸ˽棬֮СǸӽ֮Ǹһߴ׳зȫ֮еŮӣһŷ廪֮һʫ֮ġ
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죿磬ĪǾ˵Ķ֮ӣɻ
ǰҸһ£Ҿ˵Ķӣ죡ߵǰǣɽϲޱȣԼĶԱܵ
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Сֵܲ˶ǴֵܣҶԼˣҪ⣬ҽһԼҽ棬Ǹӳ
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ҽзȫҶҷȭˣҲҷȭɣ
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ţôжУЩ˶кøУЦŻش
죬һǰɣʫһȽϹ龫ֵŮԼСҶСûСʫһԼСˣȲԼλãȥСͷΡ
ллҵĺ⣬Լһ˴һ˵Ǹж
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죬ҪǧСģ㿴ʬ壬ǲ²˵Ĺаǧǰɽصı飬ԿҶԴµĵġֻǣǲ֪ǣǰһΪ


36 Ϭ
ʵһǽһȫһЩʲô£ҿӦһ£Ҫٿһ£ɽִ֪ţǶֲΣգǽ
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ʲôȻԷ˶࣬һɱԼԼҪѣкܴա
ոռɱ˷ϬӷϬѧη塣ôҪη壬ô˵¡
Сֵսˣҵǰ˸ˣҪɱȴټ򵥲˵ղŵҩóһƺ˵ȻҲԿϵĶ㣡
ĶѾԼˣǺθɣ
ǲأ쵭ĵ
ô˵ǲʶ̧ˣЦϱһУϣ
˳죬Χ


37 
е߱ħ΢ᣬ˲նǸꡣ
ϰСģȴԷӦˣһ֮Уһͽͷ­
˷ı˹˴ʧˣһϻһԼҲ˺ۡ
ȫʩչħ˲ɱһߣԼҲ˶ԷһȻˣ˿̫࣬ӰԼĶ
ȥˣʣµҲеη壬һַŭ
ϣ
ײȺĺһսԽҡϵ˺ţԷҲǡ
콫һɱʱԷ˱̽ԼһȻ˵˷β
ʹ߱ħһӣѱϣûһ߻ƺʯ֡
ڵˣԷĸˣһʱɱˣԼȷʵܱһսջܶ࣬ǱˣԼʧѪ౻ɱ
ʯ̫ٶȿ죬˲ûʯ˶СˣȻЩη壬ǿŶĸʹ׷ȥ
þȫڱܣؿڵ˺Ѫֱ磬ţ·ЩΡ
౼ʱ֪ԼڵĶˣʶſûиӦԷԼ˦ˡ
ƺ˼٣ӡûС
ŽŲؿڣһɽиǳǳɽ
ײײؽɽȥ£ó˼öҩȥʼ˹ˡ
εʱܳ˺ܶࡣ
һʱȥˣ붨״̬һܡ
ʱȥˡ
һʱ䣬˱仯ӿ
ĵҺ˲ֱ壬ѭ
أȫ۵۷壬·ҪըƵġ
䣡
һ죬·ʲôƵĵ籩һ㣬Űţţӿ澭ȫת˸顣
ʱĲһ
֮һǺڣԼƽʱĿѹͻƣĺôС

³һȻ˿Լ壬˿ͺˣѪ軹ڣһĨƤ۰׵ġ
һĸо
Լڵ·϶ѪѪζŨһӣһѻ֮յ
ɽˮ壬һͷȥϴһ飬Ȼһ·صɽ
Ҫоһ¡Ų
ŲǶԿռ֮ڹͣһһλƶһλãƺһ顣ҪԼ任Լλãͺˡ
ĿǰֻһŲƵĻǣƶͲǽۿɼʽ任λãֽϵʯͷӵˮСʯͷԭλձ任ˮУŲˣмһߡ
ռ֮ôʯͷλñ任ֻ㣬ûмʮԭλõˮУԽռ䡣ʯͷûжĿռڱѡ
һҩһֻŽ׵ػռ֮ôֻ޵Ƥ½ߣ޿϶ᷢ㣬ȻĿǰòߵġ
ǣ˿ռ֮ôԶ޵ĵطõҩֻǿҩʧˣ֪ôʧģȥĶˡﵽĿģǰȫġ
ܾᣬԼ츳ǺܺãҲǶģǾǲ׿ռ֮ô¡
һֺͷĸоԤе˿ռ֮Լʵһء
ʵȷʵе֮ˣشһַǳµʵ˵˵ġҪԵǸˡ
ռ֮Σӵ͵ǿռ⾳ռͿռ䷨
ȫռ⾳ǰȥˣһͣ
ó߱ħʼħˡ
ҵħ˼ٱ飬ģһ״̬С

ʱȻŵȴǷħĻ
ȻǻÿһȴǡôÿһתȴǻȻɣȫǷֿġ
ûһ㻨ڵĶ̵ʱЧĹǵ
Ķ˺ܳʱ䣬ûͿӸտʼľȣĻӺ꣬ȫ֪
һֱһһҹ;´꣬Ҳûֻһ׸ѡ
ͣеĶڵϣһº־ĸоǴˡ
ֻôʱģԼȴûһۣǶĺôƽʱ״̬һʱͻỹоۡ
ٴתʹħһʱ䣬ݺᣬˮ裬ȥأ֮ûһˮγ˷·һݡ
ػ裬ϱһˮۣɽʯĴɽ
ʱͣصɽ·ϵˮɡ
ڿռָгС죬Լ졣Сһҹ꣬ڵתһȦŻصռָȥˡ
ɽڣˡ
ΣһǿʹԼ֮ĳ̶ȣڶͲʹ嵽һֲĳ̶ȣһǴﵽľ壬硣
Ժһ㶼ʱҲδǡĿҪԼӵ֮
ڵȶĽ׵ĶޣҲмǾ֮Զ
һֻԶֹҪ˵Щ
ô޷ĿģҪһЩĴ̼
Ѫڲɽ̫ϧˡ
ҪϹǿߵľ֮ȭֻǰй·ߣɷӳءܺһԼͻᱻա
붨֮УʱȻš
ˣͣˡ
չһֽţȥ
ģˣҪͨʵս̣ɱ޾õĶʽ
һƺûʲôޣӡûС
һ·߹ҩȫƽԼĿռָ
ǿ񱼵ģٶȺܿ죬ƺȱһ幦ԼǿҲǿҲ似ȻԼսʱǿԼԺԣûһ
ǿԼӿٶȣ䶯λã䲻ѣ䲻һָԵĹԹͷа
һУ
޾ļӦǼǧļ䣬װ̫ˣס
Ժ˵
ɱʱŸоϢ
һȺ׵ĴǣʮֻΧһ黨ΧһֻǽϴӦĽס
ѪҺ٣ϲ̫ҪսˣȻЩ޵ȼߣ٣ĶɱԼܴ


38 ɽ
ںɽУ󲿷ֶӵ壬ĺ١ԺϾΧɱ
Ⱥսǿⷽľ顣
ȺδӦͿһССӰӳɱķֻƬ̣㵹˼ֻǡ
ȺţҲֻһХȺ΢ɢ
ˣȲɱȺһɢԼıˡ
û÷ħöеĻĶЧ
ȺдţӰ̫С˰ɣҲûҲ
ǿ̫΢һӣͻһֻǡһֻǣƬ̹ȥϱʣֻ׵Ǻһֻ
˦ϵѪ߱ħսռָ
ֿȭǰ⼸λС
໣
һɽֵХֻ˲죬ɭ׵罣һ
һ磬ڼֻм䡣һֻĲһȭһֻĸһȭǿޱȣǵɼԶ
ץסᣬԾǵͷȫһȭԲ赲֮ƣϡ
أ
֮ɽʹԼ
ͷ˼£ҽһȻء
ٴγһֻǣ編ơ
أֻǶȭ֮¡
ʣһֻˣ
໣
һХŷŭͰˣ죬ֻɸߵٶȺܿ죬Ӧ쾪̾ѡ
Ķֲźã
һţǸǵֻǻһ¶ѡ
ɭ׵ݿֲ֮Ѫڣҧսȭͷϣһˡ
ʧȥһʹǾ޴צץ죬Ǳץضˡ
ŭΪĸߣĶ䱻졣
ۿצӾҪץԼԴˣ˲٣Ǹ޿ƥеһȭϹȥǸ򴩣඼ˡ
ʹĽŲˣӿʼʧȥ˶ʲôʱԼͷ֪
䣡䣡䣡
ȭԴ⽬ˡ
гС죬еˣóƣֳɾ
һʬƺܾˣˡ
ƴ֣ⷢôΪ
ֻҪǷִ򶷣ʬ壬ǹ˺ܾһɵġ
콫黨սռָȻܡ
ԼնɱȺָ֮Ӧһ˿еԼʶͷŵޣҲ׽
⵽ʲôط
Ī·ˣ
óͼԼ߹ĵطѰԼλá
ҵʯ֣ʯֵıһûбעûбעĵطһñ־ʾһء
ڱ治巽λģҹĻҪ١
ǲҪһʱҹ·
޷λԼһСģ߽ǿ
ǣֲͣ¡
С죬ܸӦ˻޵Ϣ𣿡콫ĿƵСϡ
Сڵת˼Ȧǰֿ󷽣ʱתʱתң쿴֪СҲ޷֪
ССָָһ͵崣

ȥķΪǶ֮Уǰ·ôɽҲߣ
ȻС򣬾һĵ
ö룬߰ɣ
С죬ģ
콫Сڼϣ֮ȥ
ʱѾǰҹˣߵɽš
ɽԲ飬֮ǰоǺԶٶȣȻʱŵ
ɽ̫ߣ̫࣬رԣȴ֮Уաͷųȫʶ̽·ȴţ뺣ǰ·һƬԿ쵽ʮ֮⡣
ɽߣʮ·㿴һҩݡ
콫֮սռָȥ˼ֿ˼һҩ͸߼ҩģϲ⣬еҩĶߡ
ǰ˼ַҩģвҩ
Īһҩȣ
Ųͣ롣
ݣĻûΡ
һѵĵͽҩǰԷЩ߼ҩģҩָ
·ˣ⵽ʲôطȻ˶ҩû޿أ
ӿǰٶȣһ·ͨҩĶûдߣҩȴһ겻
ֻĸʱң˲ٶҩ
֦ܻǧƾ
һʼϲأƺӾƣˣԭϲ䵭ˡ
ľˣǰһѶҩȻ᲻Ȥ
īΣ̻껨ܲݡ
һݱֲ˿ռָСҧһݣȴûн·ҧһӲһ
쿴ǵļ˳顣Ǳҩʵ̫࣬ŲһҩӲ͸С档
Ӧˣеɽȷʵҹࡣ嶥ȥ˵и߽׵ҩˡ
ڹûз޵ټʶ̽鵽Զ벻ʮɽͶǧˣɽŨʶֻ֮̽ߡ
ɽȣǰߵԽԽԣӿٶȡ
ʱ᫵ɽȵأһСƬ֣Ȼֻʮÿһ϶˺ͮͮҰСӨ͸ţˡ
ʱ̲סժɲ֣С조ѽһƼУ˲ϣСצһ죬һУҲֱӽȥ
Ҳ̫˷˰ɣ㵹ǽ£ʲôζ
εҡҡͷΪֻȤأԭҲϲֻԷʵڲ˹ͬ
׼׵ҩ˵ߵɺԣҪ֮ЧŨߣʹ񺣻ңʶɢԡʳһԻָʶ
ʶǿʱʲôӰ죬ѲԺͷǵУʳʹʶ
Сһ֮ë׵צӺڶеΣУһпеĹӶᱻ¡
Ҳ룬չֳʮûйĺһһڵַɣ˲ժʮŹԶǸһס
ҧһ£֭Һ뵽ݼ䣬һأҩЧ͸񺣣Ժһʱ
ָоס˼ţʶ
βԭ˶۵ͺͺģСӱˣװʣµĶСˡ
콫һĹԽռָ˳ȥϾһȻأеʮ㣬ҩ
߰ɣ˵ǰ߻иأ
˵꣬С죬˲ûӰӡ


39 
ڵʶ̽ʮԶⲢʹԼʶǿˣԼʶ뵽ĻСڴˣһϵ콫֮ĪĻȡһܡ
ȻоԼԡϢȻԼĻⲻǡϢڶ㻯Ч
̨˲ʹͣǰĽŲվԭأȡΧľϢ뼺ģоһ˿Ϣ·˲ʧˡ
С첻ѽһǰǸоϢ
ϢһϢԲڶˡ
֮ѹԼı仯΢΢ȣҲû룬Ǹ·Ҫ
ʱ˲̽ǰӿΪޣתϢ֮ĵĿ
ǵ˵طһȻɵˣʲôޣһԪڿ
ȴޱȡԪݣ׵ҩԪҩġԪһʵߵһĵҩѩʣԪа
ʶиȥһƬأԪƽ˿ռָȻֻһ꿪ȻѾãö೤ʱ䣬ҲῪ
һҩˣǰӦûࡣ
Ȼһӣ㷢ݺͻݣһұϿһƬ٣ֻҩʯ뿪ɽʯὥήܲܽɽƽռָɣҲ˵ûǿռָҲһװ¡
Уиһα٣װУûл
С죬ǰ߻кö
ͣ㣬ҩջʵ̫ˡ
Ȼǰ˰·̣쿴һ
첻˼һץסС졣
С죬Щ㲻ҪԺ´һЩζ㣬Щô
ߵѹãһΪ֮ԭǾǷʳһԽȥϵĵ
õҩߣһĵ˺ܴԼ£к鱣Ұٶ֣ǲҪɱҪѣѩĽȵһѹԼˣõĵ
ʦߣǶڿԽȥҩǺҪġ
ҲСͬ⣬ͽеժװУѹҲѾռָȻóݸС죬Сһءѽ
־쳣ᶨȻ˷ܣ·쳣
ԽԽŨҲԽԽʪĽŲˣʶȫſΧʮﾡ۵ס
һ֮쿴˴黨
黨ҲһҩȺʪ֮ءһ㣬ҲҪһ㣬黨һְҩ
ΪԪݽӦΧӪ
Ҳ˵пԪݣ
ԪݣĽݣʪ֮أԪҩġ֮ڼǿԵʡ
ҲԣǿͶԴصĸ
ȻĽݣҲпֲػ
ȻҲмˣδκޣҲܵġ
תϢ֮ƽ黨нһٶ黨ϸѰԪݵӰ
ʮ⣬һ˿ӿһһߵĵɫϸҶݰ֮С
Ԫݣ
һǰҩǺȻһ˿ͬѰ
ƺʱ䲻ãĪס
ʶΧɽȣʶ͸뵽ص֮
캧ȻһֲĶ
صһɳĹŹֳදǱţƺ˯н塣
һ嶯ˮһ֣һɫԷͷβΪͷͻ𣬻м룬߳
ǵ
ģôܣ
һëȻĸо
˵һޣ߲ûн֮鵽޵С
һ޳ɳ꣬ͿԱüɸߣЩԸߡȴǷǳģڵص׵ɣȴǼĻۡ
ңĵȼӦ֮С
ɳޣǺˡһޣмʮɸߴ󡣵Ȼ޵ĵȼǸȷģЩ߼޿ܸС
ĳɳ̫Ǳȱ٣߶಻Ը֮ΪޣĽ֮Ϊų棬Ҳǹϵ档
˳սȴǷǳֲģһ㲻ǱĶȴʳѪȣΪĳɳڵصսϢӽױ
һע⣬ҪĶ򣬻ᱻֱӸˡ
ԪӦþǵػҩˣҿԼ򣬽ɴ
޵ļԼǵһο첻
ĵɽߣԽһҩ㿿ԪݣͷϷԪݡ
ϢĺܺãȻĸ֪Ĳص񶯡
ʮ֮ԶԪݣе㲻ᡣ
뷨跨ŪֲУ
콫СнռָɽʯߣͿȫо˵Ϣ
ȻԪݣ˲۷壬ŲеĸʩչԪݱһ˲õϣװ
¡¡
Ԫݱߵһ˲䣬һص״˿ֲ˻ѿûһʮʯͷʹⷽ˰֮Զصڵϣ
ʱûдʯͷص˲䣬ֲԴ̽˳˲صصסȻ㿴һ߸ߵͻⷽ򣬳ʯͷȥ
ҩ֣ˣԼøϽѣ
˲ڿգٷɽȵʯλ֮ʱǧ֮ˡ
˵ŭ˻
ֲ֮
һҪ£Լѣ룬춼ЩȻǱҪֽС
ȻΣգ첢ûԼҪĶᾡȥȡΪֵǿ
ղΪѣ·˺üҩȻЩᣬǱȽǣûȥɡ
һʯϣϢһöѸȻӦȻȥԽԽС˻Ҳ
ɹƭһɲҴ⣬վزڵ棬ȥ
˺ܶ࣬طޣԼҪС£
һƬشһƬ֣ɫɣɫ֦ɫҶֶɫģ׵硣
һ·Լȡ˺ܶҩҲҵһЩҩֻû뵽ȴ˾ľ֡
ľһ׵ϣƳԵı
ľ׵ݺᣬһСľͻᱻܵСˣʧȥ
ֶ˵ǸأġþδͻƣȱٴĶ


40 
˵׵ԴҲǺѻõԴܲվɽűɣĻûɣȴˡ
壬һ̫ǿң෴Ч
콫ӵ˹ϵ߽С
ľľ϶һ֣ʮɸߣֱ콫ִϣһ˿壬ûв֮У΢ľ̼ûӰ졣
׵绹ȥ
׵ܵö࣬Ҳŵһֱ֦ϣߡ
һһɵĵտʼоǺǿң׵ԽԽǿѸתķ׵磬Ž뾭Ƥȫ˸顣
׵壬տʼ΢֮УЩʹʼǾʹʹˣյ˳
첻ҷ񣬽߾ȫתŹǴƤƤݲ˼֮󣬱˹ͭɫϹ⣬㿪ʼ׵ȫĹߣʱĥ£ĹĽ˺ܶ࣬Դŵɫ
ǴอѵһأһСģ
һһ׵Ĵ̼£飬飬ٸԭ֮󣬱㲻ٱ仯ǿ
ȴԴҵʹѣԼʧء
ƶĽȴٺòԼѾȶ߽ϵˡ
һһɵĵھдУ뵤һֻʱͣ
ľҲÿޱȣͶȸǿһתĵ֡
ҪоԼ˲٣ƺʹľֻһɴһȭ
¡
һ죬ľ˼£Ҷ׷꣬Щɶˣֻһȭӡ
ΪϣȻǸǵġ
Ƽýռָϸˣֻ׵ܼĵطУԼĿռָã翳һߣԺҲ
ֻǣôӲľҲֻһ㵭۶ѣôŪأ
˲뵽߱ħ
ؽױӦÿնײϰɣ
һñȽϸľľ߱ħƽն˹ȥ
룡
һһ˲ͺϣľܸɴضпڷǳƽ
߰ɳ콫߶Σӽ˿ռָ
Ƭֲ֪ж뿴
˵һľɭ֣п̫ŵ޵֮ء
Īصһʬǣ
뵽㽫ʶ͸뵽£ֻǽңͣʶ׵ˣ׵ʶҲܴ
ʶУһףһ𣬿صȴе£Ķô׵硣
̽޹ͣǰС
׵ԽԽǿľҲԽԽ֣ҲС
н˰죬һŨĹ㴫Ƣ
ѭȥʮ˾ľлľ
ҲһɫҶľһɶߣÿһöһȭͷСɫӡ

׶Ե
Թʳ֮ǿ硣
ûмŲժȿΧûޡʶΧƬطûзټժװ
˿϶ˡżûãҪʵսȹ̾硣۵ö࣬øߡ
Ժڷȸ·Ҫ
ӿнٶȣһ֮ͣ˽Ųǰ׵ֱۻ֣Ҵ⡣
ƣֵģضʲô򣬲ôܼ׵硣
ãûз޵Ϣ
Ŀ
۲׵ĹɣƬ֮󣬱㴩϶֮Уǰ
ż׵ϣᱻգζȷܡԽܵĹԽǿңʱƤѿֱ׵ʮʱѾϺɫˣõƤеѪе˷ܻ¶š
һССĻ磬ȭͷҪСһ״ϣ׵磬ȴǷǳ
ף
һףΪоһ˿춯ͬҲ⣬໥֮ҲӦ
׵йص֣һǾףһס
״ھ֮ϣ϶Ǿסǰ˵ԼȻ֪Ӿ춯Կûǿ
ԣҿ϶ף
˷ܲѣĻԼߣǿԼ
ַˣôȡ
Σذ
ȻǿһĹ״壬Ǻ׵塣״ױ׽ˡ
ǿʹȺ֮У֮ĵطʩչ״ػζţûд˵ôֲ׸ɲá
ˣ
콫״ץУƺһЩһһǿĵ˲ϮȫǿΣ٣쾪һеغȻǿֱӽǹ״֮У˲ҽһûô±˹ȥ
ٴ֮ˣ֪˶ã˯еԺƺƺһֻԶž
󣬷ԼѾˣ·Ϊҽȫ·𱻿һʺɫԼûзϣֻЩ˶ѡ
ӵװشڵ֮У־غࡣ
ǿ״ѲټоԼĹ˴仯Ȼɫ׵һɫǹ״ͬĹҲ޹Ƶ
ⲻǹ״Ĺ
ĪڻԵĹУغ齫ͷҵĹںˣ
뵽ԼľȻûߣ˽
뵽һЩ飬УԺֵǸޡ
ڣʶеޱ߾޺֮ϣɫԼɵ״·Զŵľ
ĪǾ޵ӡǡ
ǿͷܾܿ޵ĹͷȻ֪ʲôλģǿǸоĵңҲ֪ʲôޣֱӾͽгˡ
ǿغôۡ
Ȼ޵Ĺͷںˣǲûеܡ
Զžޣһ㶼ǽط򵽼ĴڣǵһѪһǶ̺ͨ
ڵʵ̫ˣ޷ЩǴԼĹУҲҪһʵſԸá


41 Ѫ
޹еǿԴ˲֮һҲ˵ֻһǿĶĿǰ޷֮ȫա
ȵĳһ죬ȫ޹̺Ķǳǿһɡڶ㣬ﵽ
ʱԼһ֮
ΡΡվȻı仯󣬿ǹѾȫµˣȻܵƻȻδԭ˿Ѿ裬ǻС
Ͻ˼öͻѪ˹
һʱϵʹʧظойɼǿƺסˣ޷ͷţʹﲻǺʹ졣
ֹ˼ʱ˿ڵĽ迪ʼ䣬ļ֮ǰҪ׾һЩ΢΢Ϲ⡣
Ͻʳһ˵ľԵݣϵĹȻһ·ס塣
ܣ׵øԼյʱһ֡
Լߵ޹ǣӦԴ֮һ˱ʡ
иȽϾ⣬ǹغġ
һڵľ磬һһ޷ǿȫ
Ͳᷢκһ񱩵շԼûеõκηʹ
Ҳ޿κε飬Ժõɣ
롣
غһжǷǳмģһܼһΪԼһУʱΪԼšҪǺ飬Լƶ˺üˡ
ֻǲ֪Լ˶೤ʱ䡣
Сڿռָ˯أ϶Ҳ֪Ӧò֪ʱΪΪ˯˯棬ûйɿԡ
Ƭйƴ˲ʱˣøϽ뿪С
ڵʶԸӦΧʮķΧԼھֵģĽų̲ܳȥ
ӿŲȥҩԣСˡ
·ʱ䣬ڵֵı߽硣
ǰĹߺܰɽȺխأо޵Ĳ
ϲԽٳɽ
Ǹ߽ҩģǲԭϵһƺ࣬ʱȥˣֻ˼һҩ
ƵԼо޵ϢǽˣҲκ㼣צӡûС
죡
챣ǰûвժЩҩģĸӦ޵ټ
ڣ쿴˵һֻޣһֻһĴɽޣԼһСڿ˲䣬ʯȥˡ
첢ļҵڶֻޣǷֻмʮֻɽףȫһޣûʲôս
оǳ֣ĻôãǸ߼ҩģҲҩô˵Ҳһֻްɣ
û취ֻܼ룬һȥˣ˼ȺɽףҲûʲôҩʯͷǲ١
ǰߣɽȱúխЩطֻвһɿɽϵЩʪķɳͷжģȻˡ
ţұ¿һЩ棬ѣ򼣬ǧ棬ҲС档пĳӣޡ
أŵ˸ζƺʬ帯õζ
ӽŲѭζȥһһ߸õʬǣƺǴɽ׵ģƺܾˡŽһɸߵΣǶˡ
ǰȥһʬǳǰǴɽףȸղſĻҪһЩ
ɻ󲻽⣬˲٣ǰȥһ߾ʬǳҰУСӡ
ôʬǣ׷ʲôˣ
Ϊζϵ޶
ԽԽǰ߿дΣմڣȴܲסԼ뿴ȥװһʣǳܡ
һʱŵѪζ
ԽǰߣѪζԽŨ
ǰɽϵܹϣïܡɽɭɭģֲܿϰ׹ۣ޵ģеĺܴ󡣲ֹǴɽޣһЩޣȴʶ
ѪζŨȴʬǣܸо
ڵ۰׹ϣꡱڶ۲ܣϸ̽飬Ѫζұ಻
ȻԺгһʣһ亹
Ѫ٣
һֲֲֿĻУרʳѪҺ޺࣬һκβǡһѪ٣ԽնѡѪٶһƬƬļѣǲס㣬֦ϵļ̴̽壬ʳѪҺƬ̣ͻһ߸ʬ
ѪٱΪɱ֡
鷳ˣǿҵΣС
ֻҪŪĶĿܡ
һ·Ѫٿ϶Լ
ǧѪٵֲǱȵҪƻĶࡣսʱװĺ˳֪ȺУŻῪʼ
ѾоѪٴˣһЩ˹еŵĵؿ졣
˲ԣ˲ӿռָó߱ħתţԼǰɱȥ
֪ǰʲôԿ϶Ѫٻ࣡
û취ҪôǰҪôˡһˡ
Ǿǰˣ
ݺᣬѪٱվ䣬ڵϣ䶯ţһϿѪҺֲ
˹졣һʱѾЩ˺ˣѪֱȻƤˣȴ̼Ѫ٣ƺȺһ
ҿ幻ǿͨߣѾˡѪٵĹޣԲʹˡ
ԼѪصģΪǰߵӦܲһᱻס
鼱֮£һУĳһɫ

ڿУΪģӡ
žԼȫ
ѪƺоһּΪֲĴڣ˻Ѹٵ˻ȥԶԶıܿŵ졣
³һƽϢеĽš
ҿԼƶ࣬ɥȪ
첻ͣѸǰȥڡʱ߳Ѫٵء
һ·޴ʬǣеĿޡ
߳ѪٵϿȣǰ濪˺ܶ࣬ɽҲǺܸˣȴǸŨˡ
˾ǰȥһƬԼʶֻɨɵľ롣
Ҳһĵط
ϵ۰׹ǣָʬǣ߹ǣзݵʬǣèƶʬǣС
ƺ޵һ
ĲѪٵظΪֲ
ͣһӣѡǰȥܵĻֻ֪ǰطȽϿѡ
ǰ˲ʱȫ۰׹ǣЩطһЩ
ǰߴ󸯳ζдĸʬ
첻ǰһʱǰߵĳ
һޱ޼ʵƯʬǣеĸһЩ⡣ʬƺģ⵽ʲôط


42 
еˮȫǵɫģ˸ζѵʬˮ
һЩʹͺͺð˳żһ޹ǡ
µƯһөһɫţɭɭģиоǿҵ
ĪǶǲлꣿ
Լôһ룬סһ亹
޾һлͲҪԼж٣
˵壬ֻ
һл굱һɳôһɳĮ
صĲлȽϡ٣ԽľԽࡣ
һƬлĺ
ƺЩл벻ֻơ³һлƺоϢƽ
֪ԼŪĿǷǳǿҵģС޻꣬Ҳҵһôȥ
˼סȻˣһԼ˹˲ʶ֮Уսȥͱ׵飬һʶա
лӦҵ޻꣬Ϊ˿̵ʶȻ棬Ըол൱ǰڵߡ
޵һأ²Ӧ޵޻ꡣ
ȻԼвǲԸĲлꡣֶûһ㷽ն˻˺Լʶ첻Ըðգο޾ôǿĻԼһ㣬˭ῴС޻ꡣ
ôһСͣ٣ĲлӿԼѸټԼ
лײϣ˸ָ˻˲䱻ջ
ǼˣӵһĲлȴ·ɶ˻һ㡣
ڲл걻ջٵʱռָ˵һз˳ͷһɸߣͷų貵Ĺâ׹ǵﷶΧˡ
л·Ƶģ˻˻ʬˮ
Ʒ·֪л갲âأָ״̬Ȼһץ
þԿף
Īþйأ
˵þҲϣȷʵй飡
콫ıҶУɽʬˮ׹ǣл꣬ôֲĵĶ棬˭֪ʲô
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ֲĺ˻С¡¡ƺӴߡ
ѭȥסߣͷųʶʮ֮⣬һ޴Ӱʮɸߣϸ⣬׹ɭɭ۾Ĺ⣬ճʬˮ
ʬ
ʬᣡ
鷳ˣʬһֲֿĴڣûû֪оʹһͻὫɱԵ
ҪɱʬǺѵãҪôǿнķѣҪôʹ֮Ϊҽ
ɶʱ죡
һֻ߽׵ᣬǰսͺǿ״̬ûʹУսʤ
Ϊ򲻹ҪϽѣ
ӿٶȣתϢ֮ܣ¡¡ǿҡ
ղŸ֪ǸὩʬжһҪʮԶ
𣡡
һ޺ƺиΪǿĴˡͣһ޹ɹǷۣԼϣԼϢ
ȻζܣΪ˱òˡΪʶ̽鵽һֻʮߵľ޴Ѫʬٱ˹
һֻޣȻڽСġٶȺܿ죬ײޱȣǿ϶Ȳѩٶȣ¶Էһֻʬ
˺󵽹Ƕͷʶ۲ֻʬĶ
ֻһ˲䣬ѪᣬһצȥĹͷһƬţ޿һţҧĲϣʹһͷ­ּˡ
Ѫͷ­ȥ׽֮ܿһʱ·߷ˡ
ڹǶ֮Ҳ亹죬ÿֲޣ
ʶһֱѪԶȥӰ֪ȫʧټһ
˵ز˾øϽ뿪
Ϣұ߿񱼡
֮ͣŲǰһֻߵǽʬϣؿԼ
ˣʬûϢԼֻƾжŪ֪ģǰԼѲ
Ȼ¶ˣǾʹսһɣ
ǽʬ죬һ˹ֳ߱ħܵͬʱһǾȥһƬĻ˲佫ͷ
ûԴʬ׾ȻҲܶȻҶͷӬһ㡣ٴᵶʬնΡ
ڣ֮ˡ
첻ͣղŵĶܻĽʬΪϲߣ
ȥһٴ˽ʬһֻ
ǺСģڽʬѡԼΪʬ벻󣬿Ǻ֣ʬǲԸ뿪ѣڰս˿
εĽʬȽѲһֻǶ׵ɽһֻͷʹĶĽ
չƬǳᣬʮצӱãɫĹ⡣
ųɵʶɽԼעˡ
ɽ˹ֻһնϣٲһԴ飬ɽͳˡ
ڶûüգһߣԭվĵط˲䱻ץһӡ
ûһǳᣬһ³򣬷ɵ˰գĹˡ
򲻵ԷԷٶȿ죬ڿգвܴ
Źǳᣬצץ죬һɵȥٶȼ죬ǽĳ⣬Լ㱻ץ
侲ٴξٵֳ˹ΣǻӳһűžҳԼҲһ˼Զû˺
ֻһ˲䣬㽫ǳճ˻ңѸӵϣһֻҲճ˻ҽ
ڵϷ棬ȴδԸֻҳ˼ӡ
Ƭ̹һѻҽ
˾ϽߣƺһﳯԼ߹ˡ
ȻʮϢ֮һֻ߰ʮɸ߰ղŵս
ʱ֮⡣
ڰ׹Ƕﱼ죬˺żֻʬͽ׵Ķɱˣ߽׵Լܣмʤúܼѡ
ʬϵʬˮжҿٶ֣򣬾ʬҲҪ
İ̫ˣǰΪֻģվȴԼһս
аţȥһҪúо
оЩˡԼѡķûʱ߳׹ǵء
ǧ֮ɽ壬ԽԽ죬ûз֣ԼһֻһɫӰӸţԼһС
ʱԶ󣬴̵ɽǰ߲ԶûԣԼʶԴΧǡ


43 ߹
ϲ֣ٶȣ˳˳Ųɽȥֻһ˲䣬ͣ͵תԼʮԶһɫӰʣһϢ
о߱ħ˲С侲ؿǵӰϲ
޷͸ԼʶȫͷųҲǵӰĻɫϢˡ
һֲĸ֣ǿ̫࣬ȷ޾Ҫǿо
쾲վԭأǵӰȻʮ֮Զ֡
ʮϢ֮󣬻ɫӰʧˣ³һתߣǸԺбһ
Сһϣ´ܿ㣡
֣ٴͣ½Ųͷȴûзκټ
ǰһ
칰ֶ󺰵ȴӦٴκ
ǰǰ
ԲӰǵӰղվķ򣬹ݣȻת뿪
ʱٴμֲһʮɸߵĴʯ׹ǵغɽ˿
дĸϵĴ֣Լ˷޾ļ䣬ϲĸֿҲʶ
󣡡
׹Ӧص֣ʯǱ߽ʯڣԼ֮ǰɽȽֻɶѡ
ֵǺУ
ǸֲĵطղǰĻ˵ʲôʲô˼
ͷˮǲ⡣
ȳȥ˵ɣ
߽ɽȣ̤̲ݵأᵽµֲԼڵ⸱ģ⻷롣
·õģմ˹ǻҺʬˮζŨҸطϴһ裬·С
ʶһŴΧʮҵһɽȪԷ嶥һк£һСٲһ㡣
ϲ֣һ磬ɱȥʬǶǱУȻܣܲϲҵһȪϴȥϵۣϴȥеĲ֮
Ƭ֮ɽȪµˮݱߣ峺׵ˮݣȪԽԼƬٲԼСʶġ
˵С죬ƺܾûһˣкҲһֱӽСһӿռָק˳
СΣеԴڳſȻʱ﷭ţˮˡ˫ץһöִӣһӱקˡ
ǳ
ҪѽѽȻŵһɸζһʱӣûж룬ֱתˮԶԶرܿ졣
쿴Сӣһ㶣һҲ̫˰ɣûô˵ġ
һԼ˿̵Ȼ·ֱӹˮһˮ
С쿴쾹ȻˮϰԶԶؿˮܵ꣬зǳĲ⡣
㲻ȥˮһϴȥһ·ķ糾ƣŰʱųһ·󣬲Сȥ
СһĶٴδÿһС˼εͣ£Сһ͵Ѿϴɾˣţ
СԲôţһµӣС壬ʹſǳ
˫ֲСһɰӣҲ
֮ȷʵûŵζСؿ죬ȻҲûзɾ衣
ǲ֪˯⼸죬ҿһʬﴩаմһЩۻ
СΧת˼ȦȻ˵ļϣѽѽͣҲ֪˵ʲôֻǸŸ͡
ʱȴգȷһ·λŶ߱ȥûȫУٶȵ治
һ·ҩԵĴӲ£һЩȫ󷽵͸Сˡ
һһɽȣ˴ʯĶ࣬ɽƲߣȴ൱վȿʢİǻ
İǻҩģȻҲҩǣһİǻǴƬƬ߾֮ءİǻһΧǽߵϢ֮ĵָ
Ҳ˵ǰߺܿǸ߹ȡ
Ȼ쿴˺ܶߣϢʯϣϣݴС
ģ̵ģֵģϸģڵģ׵ģģҵģ̵ġָĶС
Ҳ֪ЩߴжģǾ綾ޱȡȻЩֻͨߣû޵ĳ̶ȡ
첻ߣֻǿôһѶ䶯ĶоܶģüͷСûжӦؿǰ档
ųȵĲӣе߽ɽȡ
Ⱥ˽ˣֲһеıܿеȻģٵ˹Դſڣӡ
δǰУֻͷһЩѹȺУ˿
˼ʱ콥һЩȽϴһߣһЩʬǡ
֮ͣ൱ӭȴֵĶſ˷ֻԷһ£Դ˼ң廹ڵϷš
ԽߣԽԽ󣬹ƲñԿˣϣܺúõսһľ죬Ϊ֮ϣԼÿһ綼ʵȹ̣ҪսԼΪ
ǲѣõҩҩֻӿԼ׵ٶȡľȻǺܿ죬ʵսȴ鸡
ģҹ٣ʶͷųʮɵķΧԸЩŪԼ·һ߿㱻ʶ˳ȥ
ҹɽȣԳʪҲɢ˵С첻ϲĻصռָȥˡ
Ȼʱ˯
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һʱ쿴һһʬǣӹϿԿһ׵ţӦǱ֮̽³ġ
ǰޣȼƺôߡ
ӿٶȣʮϢ֮о޵ϢһŽҡЩʧָֻ룬Ӧжߡ
ʶͷſʮķΧÿһߵĲӲĸ֪
һɱȥһ΢ǿһߣǶĽ׵ġ
Ƭ֮쿴һʮɳνС࣬ȴǺǿƤ
кһ£ֱӳ˹ȥ֮սһ
Ҳջ֣һСһﴳԼĵ̣ȻһԾͳֹԼ
ʹǻȭӥצһ£Ƭ˼ץۡ
ҲżĥԼһЦޣͬĵȽףսǿٶռƣȻ⡣


44 ս˫ͷ
ռƣȴûгɱУɱûУķֱϣһӴݵӡȻûдĸ첲ʱǿֻǿˡ
սһʱ䣬û˿оϵƬ˺ü顣оԼвǰ֮ˣ˼˿⡣
ҲսȥûжЧ㾶뿪ˣɻ󲻽⡣
Ӧǿޣʱһǰ
ʱػһܲݵԱߣ۾ɢֱʩչｫߣŷǰࡣ
ǼģֲֿȺɵѣ񻹼ǵǵ󡣲֮ǰΪһֵ߰ɡ
ŭ˻𣬽ŴϮ죬׳ɽʯ
սⰻȻܿĹߴ緽ȭ£ĽƤѡ
ʹĽƺӷŭ˻ҲӿֲֳβһӰֱܲӱˣײұϣʯ׷׵䡣
һǹҲǸоʹе˷ȴԽǿҡ
ԭ빥ͷߴ֮ɱͷһѵõĶ֣
ܿĹȻȭͷϣλֻǽöԷʹ˶ѡ
һӺ󣬽ȫ˺ۣҲ˼ΣԽսԽǿȴԽսԽ¡ץסᣬԾͷ޿ƥеһȭ鸽壬ƴ˲ڽͷĳ
أ
֮ɽͷˣ
ڵϣһȻˣƣ޴Ľ˲˸ʬ
Ҫôսͺˣ
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첻ֱͣӱһطѾ˶˵ʮ·
ϵʱ򣬰ҹ֮У͵ڴսûмų֣Ϣȹ۲һ¡
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ʱ˲ᣬ˫ͷȴáߵսԲΪȻš黨״춼ҧ˶ԷĲϣǱϾ˫ͷһԴһӾýм֮Ѹٷֿˡ
˫ͷҲȥ׷ֲͷ˻ţ·ʤս
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˫ͷ߰ͦԴӸ£ӵؿ죬ֻѹ֮ʱ衣
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ܺõõλᣬ˫ͷײص˲䣬ֹ֮ߵԴ󲱾һ˺Ѻۡ˶˫ͷ˵Сһ׮ƺûио
ȴ˫ͷ˾ǰƺе͡βһ׳ıӣ˹ৡҹһӰҲܣһȭ֮Ӳ
أ
ҵײſıβĹͣ˼Ʋס۾˷ܡ
ϲԿǳϲ
˫ͷβĹ֮ͣԴȴѸ˹һԴ򦣬ǿʹֻԴ𣬶һԴȴǳû˹Ѫҧס˫ȡ
Զ㿪˲ȭæͷǿȭֱͷһݣѪ硣
˫ͷʹ˳ȥڡȻֻǳһ˲䣬׷ڿеӰֱӱһԴȥ
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תһɱȭֱӻӸϣǿҵӿı𣬡ءһֱӽ߸򴩣һֱߵĶǰ
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˫ͷûΪԴ
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ѪĽʯͷû֮С
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𷽴֮ʣٴͷվϣȫҽţ͵ضȥ
أ
ͷըķѣ˫ͷغʹ˴һͣǹҵˡ
ķǳ֮ǰʹɱȭ֮ʱѴ߳ɣǿ֮ĩ
ӦظŶԣľԸеˡ
ȷ˫ͷض˲䣬뿪Ľٴγɽ֮УѪſڣ졣
ʱŽӦ˶ԷһУ߱ħУתʣȫʩڵ֮ϣ˳ȥ
һõ߱ħӰڰգӳֱն͵ϮĽͷУֻһɵ˲ðֹ
ʱɫѾ԰ף亹ð˳ǿվһսơ
Ϣ󣬽ԴһΪһֱŲ֮ǰ˫ͷս֮ʱĽԷԴ˿ԼԸԳʽͬЧͬҲͬ
ŽȻأһƨڵϣڴŴ۾ҹոµʬ塣
ʼʼָΧػ۹أγһ޴룬С
ʱȫظҲɢȥһЩСʮ֮⣬ǰһĹּһ
Ѿָˣֻû뵽˫ͷȻˣǳ˼ʶȻóƣֳѪȫ˽ȥⳡ棬ֱӽЩСˡƬ֮󣬵ֶ߸ɱʬ


45 ֮
ûм뿪ֿʼڵϣղŵսԺսɺƵ֮
߽ǰףһ֮ڰʱȻȥ١
³һһ·㿪ʼµ̡
պһʯĿɽ꣬ľ٣Ƚϻ
Ҫǣ˴дʬǣԶʬǣߵĹǺ
Щ߹ǣдССļɳİϣ쿴ͷƤ飬ҿԼûְɳļһ
ûһŵߣټһɽٲȻһĹ
ûбֱ̤ܿ۰׹ǰȥǡڶ
ǰɳĹǺпǧⲻ֪ʲôľļˣȻһ
ʵɵ
У޷Ϊ˻øãЩ˵еǿߣͷʧˣֻһЩ¼հ
ǹǴ½Ȼ޷ƿأջǰС
زʣΪۻ˳ϲۣ
컺ǰϸǰȻȻһȻĻ֮쾪Ȳѣɣ˰ɡ
һʱ쿴˼ΪֲһĻǰһ߹ǧɲֹĺǣһڵ£¶Ĳһ޴ĹιһδΪˣʲôߣ
촩ڡš֮У̾ƺΰǰӦһǿ߰ɡ
ԣߵһĵȼɻԡĪǰԵĺǣ
ֻһ£ٶܣڹǺУǿ߹ǲơ
ߵͷǰޱȵãͷнʮɸߣڴţĿһͷٲȻһߵ͹
һԵĹǺ
ԾԵͷΧĵƣԼԣͷųһµ
ٴλص棬ó߱ħжĿǿǼΪϣǵؽпס
תȫӵվﬡһ˿
ⲻǼ򵥵Ĳϣ߱ħǵؽױδһ㵶ֻۣ˵߱ħĵȽҪߡϲǲΰ룬ϲôõĲϣǵûߡ
ǣ״ռָͻȻǰͷųĹ˿ߣĿȥ˲佫
һӣĹлصУֻϸָڴСһɫţǿӿš
ʲô
콫ץģҪϸ۲죬ǹһֱӽ뵽ˣƺǽ뵽ˣ֮С
ô£
첻⣬ʶӣԼĹӰͬʱҲоԼľ΢䣬ƺӼͻˣȫ·ʹľ
˲һȭһһ
ꡱһĳߴֵѷ죬𾪲ѡ
ôǿ
ѵǽɫǴ˵е
һˣԣİƷһ˿֮ԽԼǰӡС
ԣӦý
ϲԼӣ˵òϢ
ٴλӳһȭ˲ֶ˼ѷ졣ʮȭ֮Ȼء
콫֮ս˿ռָŶ編ơ
պ쿴ԼȭͷдĶࡣԼһĺãȻڴһԵĹǺ̺Լպжȡ
Ī⣬ԼǴ˵֮еĴ֮ˣܳƨš
Լʮ죬ξ޴ջ񣬶ҶǶǿȻο
ԼʵûȫЩԺ󣬶Լİ϶ͬСɡ
ԽӼᶨӵźûһɾͣͶԲĺˣ
죬ԻΪ½۷Ĵڣ
սȭͷ쳤Х
־
׼뿪طȻˡǡСȴԼԣȷе˵Ӧ֮ء
쿴ǾӴޱȵԹǿʼѣһһ䡣
ѸԽԼһߵ֮ϣǧɵľ޴Թǣ¡һԹǺȻأɹǷۡ
ʧȥ֧֣˲֪Ҳ֧Ƭ̣ɹǷɽ֮յĹޡ
⶯̫ˣɽȡ¡ĻƮţȻ⸽ûߣƬ֮Ⱥ߱
쿴ó߹ǶģҲ˵ǶȻôпܣ˵ʱ߹ߵķس
ʲô࣬ʲôȺسһĶԷȵķٺϡ߷촳УŪΪԵĹǺˡ
ȻһӺһĳХ𣬶ԷӰ֮⣬ѴĶУݡ
һֲĴڣļ߰ɣ
첻Ҷ׼һɱߣ·ǿߣỨʱ֮ҪôһɱҪôֱѣȥս
вֲ׷ϣԼŲһϡ
ٶȺܿ죬δıľ߸죬ΪԷ׷Լ˻ԽԽֲ֮ԶǾˡ
һһ໥׷ţ⶯ʹ߹ȶڵģտʼоԼһˣҾȻѣǹŹֵ
ܣЩ뵽ǿ׷ɱ࣬ǲ֣򣬿ܱΪء
ȻԼ뵽ԭ޴ӵ֪
ԽԽʮʮ
һʱȥˣʮѾоֲѹļߣߡ
ģ뱻ʮ֮Զ컹ڷһûлҡ
ƴȡĻᣬ㲻㣬ǰѾû·ˡ
ͣһܡ
ǰһ׵£Ա߻һɿٲȺˮѸոճȿпʮɸߵĻң澹Ȼ֡
߹ȣ
߹ȵ־ͽ߹
ʯʲôģ
ٶȿ棬ƣʶҲ޷̽壬²ӦǸˮ̶ȥкܴĻ
߸һв˭֪ﻹûбǿġ
Ȼݲ£ÿµǿߵģжǿ
һһɵľ޴֮ɽ
û취޷ѣĴڣԶͿᵽϵζȵ
ֻɭɭֱԲð⣬죬ɺһһµģ⽫ϵľʯӳ˰֮ԶƺŻ졣


46 ں֮
첻ʶߣҲ֪ʲôȼ
һ˲䣬ߵľֻʮɶһ㣬챳Զ£ʱӿռָó߱ħȥ֮ǰǰĴһ
һԣδйδĶ
ĿǰľдɱĹ似УغɱȭΪǿġ뽫ԼѧļǿĹںһʩչֻǲ֪ЧΡ
תɱȭȭͷת߱ħٽŽת뵶棬߶е˫֣˴Ķ֮УȻ̨һ˿
ſ޴ͣһڿ̵һֻĳë󣬶Ӹ£ҧ죬˿ûĶ
˫ðŽ⣬˵Ʊɸɽΰ˲䱬еһʮɳĽɫľ޴Уƺ߱ħ״ƺнζͣط֮ͬʱɫ磬Բƥ֮նľ޴ͷ
Ȼʱ״ĹޱȣԿƣǿҵӿײ졣
أ
һ죬쵹˳ȥһ˿Ѫ԰׵ȴ¶һ˿ЦݣΪ򦱻Լһ룬ѪȪӿ
漴㲻֪ʲôƺˡ
һΣεԼһɵĿռһӣһƬɫϣѿ
εûУһ׳ɳ
εһСڿ籩аȻͦ
εһСѩηϺ
εһСһȻ
εһСв۲ƫ
˺þãû꣬ƺСѽѽиͣ
Ϥ
޷ȴƼںñӣ
촦ʵ״̬֪ԼУֺѵģ޷
ȻоԼйζȻ紦ʵ״̬㽥ʧˣԺѹ
۾漴лһСĹ⡣

ԼһˮϪߣϪˮ峺ȴˮҲܼϪˮԶһƬ߼ʡ
ѽ
һĺڶתͷС죬֮СһŰ滹мӡ
սĹ¶ȥ˲ʲôƵģСİ
ղιҳģ
ѽСһ˷ܵصͷСظһлı顣
ҧģ
ѽСһظƺ˵Ҵɡ
ʱɫѿ²ûĸоС죬ƽһСˮˡ
ͻȻ뵽СһһֱˮȻҧһС飬ˮմ˹⣬ιԼУǸо
ԺҸС´Ҫǻˣõһιң֪𣿡ĳضС
ޣСһƺ⣬ԴӣƺΪԼѽѽ˼˼˵ô鷳ҧ㡣
㰴˵ҸҺܶԣƺ粻Сһֱա
ȻЧ̰ԵСһﲻٶԣ˷ܵĵͷ
ζ㣬ȻҾ鷳ˣ콫С챧Լļϣظš
һĺãĿռָã󷨶𻵣ԴȥʱҪָʶսȥ
첻֪ԼԶ೤ʱˣԼںϵһԼȫʹԼѷѣܵǿһԼҲˣԡ
ӦغӦ޸Լƣʱûлظ
ʶԼ壬״ǳã·ûܹƵġ
Ȼ뵽Լµʱ߱ħҲ¡
С죬п߱ħ𣿡
ССԴ˹һҡͣȻҲ֪ȥĶˡ
Ӧǵµˮ̶ˣ֪±߾ģļˮ߱ħпܱҪҵ²ס
Ȼظ˵ɣ
컨˰ʱָص۷״̬ҵ߱ħȻȥ˵ĵطûӰ·ʣСˡ
ϪߣͬʱϵͷųʶӦ߱ħλá
ʵطǿҰżһЩطңһЩС꣬ˮطͱȽŨʶʱ󣬲ŷֵһʯߡ
ɴˣƵµǱȽ϶͵ʯ£ˮƺͣԲܽ嵽
ʱǻƻʱ֣Ϧ䡣һ·򣬳ȥСлصռָ˯ȥˡ
һϣڿޣһֻ׵ħƻħƻͽСߣȴ
ȴûκθоɱĶ׵Ҳ٣˫ͷпսġ
ֿȭħƻսʮغϣоһսȥû˼ˣֱһȭת֮ħƻʮԶǰȶһ
û͹ֲһȭԴϣֱӽħƻɱˣѪѰһ֡
촳ͨԳĶʮֻĽ׵ͨԳһֻ׵Գ
ʷսʹһΡ
ͨԳһߣԲߣûֱԳս˼ٸغϣǺ졣
챾ͲͨԳټӵ֮ҪսʤԳǺܼ򵥡Ҳûʹ֮ԼĴսԳǲ˼
ͨԳɸߣսԼеȭɣõķǳҲоܴ󣬲ֱȥԿضܿȻѰҿյʩչ֮
ս˽ʱȻ˲پȭɲûһˣʹǸоõϾͨԳǿ
ͨԳȴ˲ٲʣһֻ۾ҲѪסˣ˲ȭһȭ˽ʮ֮Զ㲻սԳȺΧȦţƺΪԳ͡
֣ٴڽԳУΪŵ˷ǳŨΪҩ
ԳȺȻسԼĶǷŭޱȣԳŭ죬׵壬졣
ԳĶѭҵһʯףװľһ׹ơ
鼮пԳĹƣޱȣƾ𣬻ǿ֮Ч
ֱһЩƣСŨŨĹǻֱӴͷ­תУθת˼ȦоȫһȾʼɢϢΪͨ


47 
ȻǼ𣬶컯
СҲŵ˾㣬ֱռָһ׹ƣ˷ޱȣѽѽֱ˽ȥڰбһѸץסˡ
⻹˵ãСƣǴüϴء
ԳŭܽսݣǷྐྵȻƷԼļ漴ŭһ롣СʱֱסˣǿҵѪѹƺͬ࣬Ѫʱеŭˡ
С쿴һԳ㲻һҪƺȣóƿװһƿúͻ˿ռָԼȡ˼J׹Ƹװˡ
ԳûκβЩϲ⵹ĪġҲǰùƣӿռָó߰ҩװһ֮УݸԳ
ԳôޱȵҩǱֱǸм㰡ֱӰƸף죬ΪˣܾҲûЧ㵱սռָĿռָ±Сˡ
Ⱥ޺кøУʱٴʮҩһ׵ݡ
ԳȺĿɿڴƮȻȥ
뿪ͨԳĵ̣ó˹͹˼ڡƵĺ󾢺ֻܴʵ޷ͷŵĸоڿշУ죬ƾĵҲ졣
һ·ҩֱӲˣ߽׵ԽռָʱһЩޣµ׵ޣѡսһ
ûнɱûҪˣȻǿ߶Ѫɱ¾гɳģǸɱ֮ˣöԷûв㲻ɱ֡
Ȼⲻ˵и֮ʣֻԭɱɱ֮˺ɱ֮ˣ㶯Ҳˡ
ڴɭߣһһŮʮ꣬졣
˴ʱɲ̫ΪֻľǸΧסˣϵȻᣬŮǻʧɫ԰ףЩۡ
ľǶĽ׵ޣΧľԵ壬ͬҲɭ١Ϸˣǰˣǵսֻֻɸɵˡ
ʦãοڽˣһѾѪˣɫҲǲ԰ײϵ˿ڻѪƺе˵
ʦ֣ô죿ŮԽԽ£ɪɪſǻ
һɣϣʦܸϵƺһ˿Σ˶óҰο
һֻľǰצǰһٽһˣһ˿ѪŮеĽһţʹֻͣ
ֻǿʼΧתȦͷƤ顣ʦñƶȺ춯Ǳ
ת˼ȦһֻǳŮʧ֮ʣ˲һšҲǻҲۿʦɥǿڣԼҲмܡ
ˣŮӼмܣԱ۾
ʱһǿĵԶ˲ͷֱӽնסˣղʮ֮⣬ŮΣȡ
ֻһӰȺУ߱ħţһƬһƬѪ
ǰΪΣ۾ǰȷ˳ȣҲ̫ˣһ˳Ⱥ֮
ӱ۾ȴ٣ǼϢȥˣȴûоκʹȺİ۾Ⱥﴩ󣬷·ˡ
𣿺Ŷ˧
Ůе뷨
ʮϢʱ䣬ֻȫնףյǰеˡ
ڰȫˣ쵭˵һ仰Ȼ󽫵ռָ
ʱ˲ѹǰݵлǰȣȻҶɥǸ
ллǣŮҲǰɫ΢죬ߵֱ졣
˳ֶѣ̹Ȼش˵ʵֻĽ׵Ŀľǣû
óöݸˣ˱ܾѽҩУҲûȥ
ʩһеƵĻƽƷҩ𾪵Ըӣǰ֮˹Դŵġ
û˵ֱӷ˵ҩһ˶ƻתҩȫƻȫԭڵҩЧ֮ãҲǸ̾ѡ
첢û뿪һЩҪʶˣϾԼ·˺Щ죬֪
ʩףлǰҩʦ飬֪ǰγƺʩǱ򣬱ȭʣǿǿˣ⿴Լ˿һ֡
öҲʲôǰӦñСǽ켴ɣڰ֣˴Ӧ֮漴ɻڣǲǷƵ۹ˣ
Ƶ۹Ҳһ㶣漴ʲôǴڵţ
ŶԶˣֹԼ֪Զ˷Ƶ۹
ֵܣڵɽƵ۹С㲢ûԶ۹ʩֹ˲ô£͵
ŶγС·ˣҰĵһˣ̾˵£ʵԼҲ֪೤ʱ䣬жá
ɽ˸ӹݺᣬ·Ǻ¡һֻ͵͵ؿ죬֪ԷͱԼСʱ򣬾ﲻѣĽ˿Ҳ콻̸һ£СŮʹӣסЩߣ֪οڡ˳Ļ
Щʶλֱӵ档
־ʣ֪޲ԣʩϵصˣûʲôԱģṩһЩϢԼʮְοˡ
֪Ǻڣ֪ġ
ʮһţʩ׶Ҳ֡
ǺꣿһʮһţԼɽǶ¶ʮţԼȷʵǻ˺ü죬ƺ뵽ʲôʵ
ʮԪǧ˰ٶʮǧʮ꣡ʩ׺Ȼǲĳɽĸ֮ͽδɽݶ֪ˡ
ûԼֻǻ˼죬һ㼸졣һһǰ˵ֱ飬Ҳûн͡
֣֪Ҫȥʩʵ
֪ߣһټʶһ¸ܡҲûоĿ꣬ĹмʶĺܣҲ㲻С
ͬаɣʩ׽ʵǵǿȺôͬпԱǣȻһԭǶˣûʲôԻرģʦҩΪл
ʩ׵Ľ飬鰵Ըˣȴܾûж˼ֻԼСǿ߶һ˭֮ʾʵǿҲ


48 
ðɣÿԸģ˽һ֮£ȻܣϾһֱСطڴ½ʶֻ鼮ʹԣֽдط֮ˣһ֪ʶĻᡣ
ǣ㿪ʼĿĵڵӪء
ǰһǴŵĺĵӰɣ˱߱ģͻȻʣһ˿εĽߡ
ûţһƧԶСǳأӦò֪ҲգҲʲôǰԳΪʦܣҾͽʩС㣡첢ûἰҳǡ
ŶҿҲƺҲ֮ߣսôôǿ΢΢Щʧ˵ĳƺǷǳģ漴ʳһ⡣
ǰʱȽϿ̿࣬ǿսʵսȽǿ캬ǣ˵Ķ滰
ŶҲǵһγܹ˰ˣǸʦǷֿˣҺʦһתתȴȺҪ㣬һʬˡһ뵽ղŵ飬Щ£ĸмǷĵġ
عһǵˣСƫԶ֮أڴ½ϵһЩ˽٣ɷΪҽһ£ǰŮĶкøУȴŮ֮飬ֻһֵĸо
ʦ˽Щģʩ׶ڴ½ϵһЩ¼˽⡣
˵˵һߣ컹ǶԼδĶָȤ
ʩ״Ŀһ죬ȴǸ̾ѣ㽲һЩ۹ߵ¼ȻҲ˽⵽ļˡǸСţЩź飬ԻϤġ
ԷƵ۹һЩҲ˽һ£Ϊȿܻ۹ſ
Ƶ۹һҺĴ塣ڣĴֱ֣ܡ⡢Ĵ塣Ƶ۹ŵıǻʼҵľŻڽһʮһɷ֮Ȼ֣ҵ֣ӣܼҵȻҵҵܲ
ʩ˵ˣһмٸƵ۹ȻĩҲԵ˶⡣ڴڵСȲ˵۹һС壬ֻǿƵ۹ڷƵ۹˽Ķࡣ
Щ۹νţһȥģЩǿţԲλ࣬˵ľӢˡƵ۹ڽһ㲻Ϊ۹˲ӡ
ҲǸ̾ѣǿĵ۹ֻһССĳǳذˣŵҲһСطҲֻЩǡ
ȣһȻЩٸȱȣЩ˵еűȱȣԼˣû߳ȥԶ֪½жжǿ
֪Ƕô
ԽҽȭͷźţŰɣ
ĸʱ㵽ڵפӪأڼ䣬һЩޣ϶ˡҲһЩΪǿޣǱĵرܿȻЩܽǰ¶̫࣬ЩҲȥǡ
һǳǳɽȣɽʯӦΪġ
˵ʱ򣬶һվڣǣѸٷ˹
ʩʦ֣СʦãڻˣɰǼˣʦֺͷʦȥˣһĳʲôˣλǣʮҵĻϲ֣漴ɻص
λֵܣҪȣɥǸˣȴʦֻҪúлл֣ʩϵ˵һԸš
л־֮֮м֮Ȼǰ֮жǿʩ׵Ļŵģ͸¶ޱȵϡ
ֿˣ˳ֶΪؽ⣡о⼸˶֪֮֮˶ʲô硣
ǽɽȥ÷ʦѾ֪ǻˣ룡֮˷ܲѣ漴ɽ󺰣ʩʦǻˣ
Ƭ̣оڳˣһŮģʮ֮꣬òҲΪ
Ȼߣ첢û˿ѹ
˿죬ȽɻŮȵ켸ԣʩ׺΢΢һЦȻһ죬λǣ
Ů÷ǵĶʦ㡣оʢѪȲѡ
漴ʩ׽ľˣ÷ȭ÷ڸлʦܾ֮
Ԫл־֮
л־֮
÷һ˵꣬Ҳͬʱȭݵ
Ǻһż˵ɽ֮С
ɽԼȽϿм򵥵ʯʯʣмš
֮󣬹ӿռָó̳ӣװȫǾƣó߸񱭡
ʦóǧƮ㡯ˣοմֵĹⰡԪϵľ̳ſˮЦ̾
Ҹ㣬ͿǸֺȵģͳһ㣡һɫۣеҩζҩ򽻵ʦ
ҲǻЦѣ÷λʦܣޱȣͣϣΪԼСʦãһĿû뿪졣
лˣлҲЩþƣһ𳢳
о˵ĺˬ漴ó˼ƿװĶǹơ
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һΪǴ˵أû뵽־ʹڣǴĶõģ𾪲ѣ̾ҲǾ̾֡
һͨԳĶã˵٣ȴΪ档
֣̫ˣԼţȴպưɣþƣ֪ƵļֵǿǹޱȣԼ˾Ĵˣôôصļ
ʶһҲԵֻдưˣ⣬ãҲǸжһȻ
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ˣлˣãȥֻ¾ƣʩ뵽첶ɱ˺öޣмֻ߽׵ģȡһЩȲƣԱʳáϾ޵Ѫһġ
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Ѿ˰ţǻյģӦ·ϣ÷
ϣʲô飡ʩ׵
ģʦֵʵ㻹˽⣡˰οҲ㵣ġ


49 ж
ֻһСĵϲԽδйĿġƽʱɽޣһȾ˻ᣬȻ״
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ĵ֮ʱͻȻͣ۾һüͷ
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佣ϵЦˣ˫ð⣬ǰˣ֮ģһӣһ˲졣


50 ɱе
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51 
ңЩߴ֮һ䶼󡣲ıȽϿ࣬ƤԺһ㣬ҲжʮˡԣȺеôۡ
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52 ھ
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㿴ö˿죬ƽͣǸ߸˵ĸо
ҿеʯˣܷҿһЩݣȴװ˷ʱ䣡򶨣۾¶ʧ֮ɫҡͷ˵
ܸܲ߶ԷʯȫǾѧȫܿɣ
Ҫ֪˿һĸ֣⵺ǿģ϶ǵ֣һ²һ£ҪԼйϸ
Ŷ˶۾ŰɣΪ֮ˣ¸оһ˿ѹ
ε̯̯֣һ㲻ž˵ӣҲΪ߿
ʯǰ˵٩˵λֵܣЩΧתתȥǲǲʲôˣ
һҲЦԱ䶯һϢɫͨһƺǺˡ˸䣬Ŀ
˿ɫͨ죬߿㲻ٵ٩ǼʯݵĽơ
֣һ˽⣬˿Ϊ棬Ѱۣ˼ƽ֮Ҳڿϣɹ
й˲ӣϽ¶ϲɫƺǸʵڲղŻõľ
ǹ
Ҫ͸طһҪʲô֣ԼҲܿűߣطıΣԼĸ֣֮ȻߡϧȴһȻǾˡ


53 
Ҷעǿߣ˭Ҳȥע죬ˣտʼһֻע죬֮߾ȻڴϢƿĿ⡣
˰붨״̬һ˿ʶעųϵͬʱתǹķıԼΡ
أͱˣԭĹڻϳȫһӣҪû䣬û˿ϳԱ任ű㿪ʼĸı䡣
һʼǿʶԼκ޷ΪıǼ֮ʱᷢžžȻСԳߵѲǵĶ䡣
žžž
ؽڻ彥Щ߶ûб仯ʶһԼ컹ǱȽ⣬Լûϳ
طҲޱȣԼտʼоŵƤëѣԺ֮ʱ任̬ϴĦϢԽԼ仯ĸʯͷһܲ
ֱԼģȻʮϤһ飬Ȼи뷨
Լͬ޵ķţǿޱȣڸڹȴǳʺԼҲһЩѡһרľ
ʮרţֱǰ޺񹦣Ԫķղ񹦺ͽ󹦡оʺԼǽղ񹦺Ͱ޺񹦣ղ񹦡
ڴ֮ǰҪӰʮΪĹΪǿ󣬶Ǵ˾мԣԽеľɡ
ʱ̫๦ӶԼӰԽеĹڻͨν·һŹһʮһʮһôӰأԽʵһ档
ӰһطּԣļֵȻغ飬ѧϰκιҲӶԴ˹ȴʮȤ
ʯ棬ܿȺ붨ʼӰķתغĵڣӰתǳ˳
أһʱȥˣڣֳʼӰ漴ʧ֮УȴγһӰڽ֮ϣֽӡׯϣϸ֮£ӰȷʵԼ
һʱȥˣֹͣ³һ۾ȴֹվԼǰؿԼ
£ŶԷ
ղʲôƽ̺һ˿๵
ʲô£ص
Ŀ΢䣬ʶչһǿϢѹ
ַˣҿǱԼͲˡڵʶǹ˾ͲԶˡɫ䣬ǿǧֱӽԷʶѹ
˴󺧣ƺһ˼ͬʱ˵һðϣˡ
쵭һ޷ٴڵءѸߣԶ졣
ȴǽҲѣҿԷˣٴԼ鷳ˡ
Ҳûϣƹ˲ˣ㿪ʼղ񹦡
Ϊ˷Լñģʵˣ˾Բʱһ׹ѧᡣԼ֪ղʱӰɹ˿СֻΪѾõĸ߽׹ѡ
ʯǰڿ˼ڤ󣬶ʮ֮ʯڿ޾
ΪĻղر˳ķת·Ѿãһӣתʮ졣ûһ˿ͣ٣һʱתһ죬ȫȻҺ뼡ǣ˱һ·һ룬еŭĿӰޱȡ
ԼҲò˼飬ֻһԲ죬Ѿžˣ죬״ﵽСɾġ
ûͣٴοʼԲС
ʱҹȺУߵһЩ뷨跨ƽƣ󲿷Ҳǡۿʯϵͼһ˿򣬷ԼĹеѽ֮Ҳˣ㿪ʼ
ֵڣߣȽƧû˴ţеֹһʱֹͣղ񹦣ΪоžĲԼոţҪСɾ磬軨һЩʱ䣬ˡ
һžǸоЩĲ̰ɡ
һЩָɣ
ָгξָĦڭָȥָҶָ޶ָָָһָ黨ָָ̫࣬췴֪һš
ʵʮ֮УҲָ֣֮ǿĵָɣɴﵽҵɫ֮񼼣Ȼ粻ֻܷӳؽӻ似űһָܸˣţһָȳڡ
ĦڭָҲսǿľĦڭ˼ǡ󡱣ôĦڭָӦеĵࡣָСĹλʹָԳƴĹĦڭָľ֮
ָǧ˼һ֮󣬾ָ
ڵأԺй·ָӡʽʼָӡɣޱȡغãһΣͲ͸аźһָеһɸߵڷӰ֣оһǿ͸ָȴˮֱӳһֱһߵĶͣϢŸϣҲû
Ӱɫࡣ
ϲޱȣȻҲǳһʱ㾲תղ񹦣ָ
ָ֮ʱҲ˿˹֮ʱָ˵̫ˣûᡣ
һ־ǹղ񹦣ӰָҪ˵ȥԲšǴ½ЩţҲһѧžһŶѡ
һУҪ鹦غ顣
һ£ٶѧһ־Ƚ˵
ʼ־̼һδεһδε붨˵ڶ磬Ľ֮оԼĹ˲١
ֿʼϰЩ˻о󷨣ԼЩʱ䣬˷ˡ
ʱоҪͻˣͻƣֻ۾ţͻʱļ󣬿϶ǲ鷳
һʱȥˣȻʯǰһ˷ޱȵ
֪ƽˣʯݣϲ
Ҳ˷ޱȣ۾
˵ģ֣ϲԺʵ

ָ֪ҵȣ
ԣҪɣ


54 ս
˻Ȼɣôܣôȫߣ
еˣҲڳλֶɣٵ㣡üͷ΢塣
ɣһֲ٣̬ȼ
Ϊѣһ֮󣬲վ
ðɣ㣡˵˵ô󣡡ﵭص
ͷһȻ֮ͷţָʯ˵ſʮ˸ʯ˰ɣţȾȫһţʹʧȥƽ⣬ʮ߸ֽʯңȻԼƿ
ϵҵǾֵģһ󣡡һݣ˵
λҵΪ̫ͣʯע֮ʱϣһ飬Ϊѵ
ãȡ
˲䣬Уתǰߵһʯȫ
һ״ɫĻ𣬽ʯķΧ
֮ʯƣֻǳĻҲĲȶܴ
ڿʼʯעָˣʮ㡣
ٸ߲һֳʮ飬վڶӦʯǰ˰ʯϣߵİǰߵ˱˹ȥ
һһһǰ֮ˣӣȽ鷳
ء
˵ǿʮ߸ʯĻ˲ƽûֹͣ
ģĻֿʼԽԽңһ֮󣬡䡱һ֮ǰܹʯѣɫĻɢ
ϲԽƳԽȥˣ
Ƚʯݣ˸ţȺУ˽ȥͷһº棬ֹŽ
ʯж죬治ɼĿռ䣬ǽϿһЩӵǰһţľ㡣
˵иһɼĽݿ⣬ûжºܺڣʲôҲʶһɨнǧס
ֱܵͨװ
ǿ໥һۣ˵ͷȻͷ½ݡ
ǰߣǳ岢ںʵûݣֻǴŲһ£ܹоŰپʮŽ׽ݡ
֮в˶ҹ飬յܵ硣˽ݺ󣬿һʮɼϻʮ˸ʯš
ÿ϶޺һЩ˵ڵһЩ˵µЩӦǷʶԶУֻ鼮ϼ˷ǰ¼Ҷ񻰴˵ѡ
Ȼ֪ǷڴܵĶϵĸ޺
ʯ϶ж򣬻һЩɵҩġ
һʶɨһ£üͷ΢壬ӻԭ
Ҳһʶɨһ治ɫӻԭȻߵ򣬿֮ʧĵȻǻƽƷ
Ҷʼ鿴ߵʧ
ҲߵһʶɨҲ֮˻ȥ
λûʲôöҹƱʯ￴һۣ
ը˹һ㣬ʯҿ
ֻǳŵ֣Ǳ㲻ʧˣ˼ҿЦԣѡʯңǴٷ֣λΪΣ΢Цŵ
ʲôʯңȻʮ˸ʯңҲʳԣȺ˷ֻмͬ⣬˶һ˵㱻һлɱ
߾֮ҽӦ峡˶˲÷֣ͻȻЦ˵
˻⣬ǿҲ˵ͷû˵ʾĬϡ
Ҳ֮û취ǽԶʵΪף֮ģʲô
пʼսĶǷƵ۹ڶߣ໥ɱҲɱЩ͵Ŀʼ˳˴
һ֮󣬴ʣ²ˣ֮ĸ֮ʣµĳ֮඼֮
ˣһǾö࣡һ߷һʬ壬ųϵ֮ߡ
ǳϵ߶ˣһսʼˡ
쿴һۼǿߣ治ɫһȭɱԼ֮߻ɣײǽϣѪ磬Ĳ
ıȻ˵ע⣬΢üͷеľһ
˺ǿһһ֮ߵ
粻ߣǿҲûãѵῴһͽߣںƿһ죬мصǰͻƵ֮һ֮ߣ
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ȫûע⼸˵ۣһָȳϮԼһ֮ĿѣһȭͷĶ֡ߵɴ۾һŵı飬漴Ȼء
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ںƴ㷴һɲɳҲ̾һһֱȥ
Ѿɱ˰˸֮ߣ׼ɱһȴںԼͷһޱȵģͣ½Ųںơ
ᣬԾȫʬںƱӿ죬
أ쵭صû˿¡
㾹ҵĻȫʬںƴŭӰһ죬һţۻ롣
Ȼ壬תղ񹦻ͬʱָںƵġ
䣡
һǿҵײӰһ֣ں˺һɣҲ˺һɣƾС
ˣ쵭ؿһںƣȻô˵ȴ̾ںƵȷǻʮ佣֡
ߣĻںƱŭһļӵҲ׷ӿ졣
˰ɣ֣λֵܵʵͣʸ֣м䣬һȳܼҵӶںơ
֣֣ҵ²ܣںƲ֣Ʒٴι졣
ˣ£ڴʱ
ںƻͷһȻһ֣ƣ漴죬
ʱһ´βҪײ
¹˭֣һأ쵭صںƵʵȻûаȡʤںҪɱԼǲܵģȻԷ˶࣬սԼȽϳԿ˶Է
ڿҪͻˣ֮ʮ֮ڿնɱںơ
ںûлӦĻȴν֮ɱ
лλ̨Χ֣ƹл
ÿսǿһʤ㣡ҽ֣ƣ⣬Խ֣֣֣֣ƽ͵صøС
죬л֣壡
߰ɣңҲȥ֣ļ΢Цŵ


55 Żþ
ã쵭ȻһЦüͷΪ˹һֻԼ
Ҳûо£ӭ˶Է񣬴˿˿΢ЦɻѣղſУľֻֻ֮սǿһѣ֮ǰԼʶսôأ
ǿ˵̬ɻˣûҪװֻҪԼȫʵչֳıﻹǾС
Ϊ⣡
ֻһۣƿĿ⣬ȥ
λʮˣǾÿһʯңÿһʯңҵʲôȫƾ˻Եɺãˣָһ¼֮ߵ
ãû飬ҲǵͷĬϡ
˵ʵڵģҶ֪ʯʲôﱦϺͣҪǻĶһǰæһ
첻֪Ӧýһʯң㿴ʯʯϵĸʮ˸޺̬򱯻ϲԣŭĿԲüĿ󣬻¹󸹱㣬ݹᾡƷ񣬱ׯϡ
ϰ۲ţÿһ޺񣬶ƺһ־ھŸʯҵʯϣ޺ŲƣָֽӡƣٲȻָʽ
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漴Ҳͬ⣬㾶ֱȥ
ƺвҲ޻˵սǲһ֮С
ߵǰߣʯŵĲ֣⼸һʯȥΧĹ죬˭ҲΪǸʯҡ
ƣǷԼƵһǽڻһɽ˿
ʯ
ʯ죬ôƲأ
ټɵ˫ʯǰȥʯɲΪ
콥ǲʯˣ
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ǿҲ𾪲ѣû뵽ֵˣȻǸ֮ߣΪ𾪵Ǽߵľ磬Ҳ޷ƿʯš
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ҲĿǿ󷨣鷳ˣɫأ
Ҫ˺ʯԿ罨
ãͬ⡣
Ҳǣֻ˶ʹԼǿĹʯš
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ͷ޺һֱһʯţֻ˵ĿԶѡٴο޺ĶվһֱӡȻʲôˡ
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쿿ָǸСףһ֮
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챻Ļߣ˲㵽һµĿռ䣬ռһʮ˲ʯţʲôҲûС
վʯʯϣ̧ͷʯжʮɸߣռҲʮɼ
һĴſţʶɨ˽ȥȴţ뺣ʲôҲо
ҪҪȥ
е岻˭֪ʲôط᲻ΣաУطƺһС磬ǽˣôȥ
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¶ģȥ
˵ײţǰһ䣬ǧյţ峪һ޺񣬶¹˼̩Ȼ͡
ϳһ޺֮ǰһʯϵĸơǰи޴ľ㣬ԼһߡľĴа˳Ҳ֪ʲôġ
Էԣ֪޷֮ĳĵߣмⶫֻȭͷСôôľ㡣
治ѣǰȥÿǾȻò
ⴸȻҪܶ࣬Ҳ˳߶ѣ߰ʮ֪Ȼﲻֹ
ſ֮ⴸӴʮһءٴľ㡣

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ͣϢޱȵĳξоľĲٴһ¡

һоԼɱʧȫ쳣Խ֣ٴξٴȥ

ľٴ·ޱɾȫ泩徲ʱǰɢ⣬һӰԵ渡֣һģһʮ֮ߣŭ
о첻ѣû¶ɫӰ
޺Ӱ΢ţƣӡ
ｮһԸ⣿
д󾪣ĪԼ
й죬ӰԳưһʵû뷨һƻʳƵۣĿ۷壬Լˡ
Ը⣡ҡҡͷӦԡ
ΪΣٴƽƽޱϲ
ҵĿ۷壬ػԼˣ첻Ӧ
ܺã޺ӰȻ˫ֱ˲һ޴ӡûһ˿졣
󾪣ղ񹦻ָٳӭӡ
ˣ
ǿҵײ쳣˲ΣƺδһԺȴ˸ղ޺Ӱһƣɫ࣬źۼ֮
ƺʮΤƣֻ컹ûѡϯضŸղŵƷΤƵķҲͣ
һӹȥˣţһʱȥˣȻţأһȥˡ
·ʱ䣬ͣΪӰ･ľӰӣȫƷɢƣĦƣƣɽƺͽհƣһĦڭ


56 ӡ֤
ϲ񣬽еƷ͸ҳںϡ
һȥˣ˼ţһȥˣ˫ڿš
Ҳ֪˶ãŵ۾ȻȻһǰƳͨͨûǿҵֻһɸߵӰׯϣƺԼл޺Ӱ˵ޱȡ
䣡
һ죬ӿһ֮Ȼ˹
ȻˣǴĶȴûκƶս֮ʱǽϣиСȴˡ
ǵԼսʱûţĪͨһŻǳڣ
ʰһ㳯ǵȥ
ȷͨڶڣʮ˵ݣȵزŽݣһһȥƬʱ䵽˵ڶ㡣
ڶһһҲһյ̴ֻǰ޺ˡ
޺һвͬĸо׽ӽ壬ֻ죬Ļŭš
ǰȻľʹӣ֮ǰСһЩڵţƺݵģȴǡ
ֻĸ
֮ǰһ㣬ǰӣǷӣ֮ǰǸҪһҲǶʮء
֮𣬶ľȥ
ͬͬĸо

֮󣬰һʮɸߵĽɫӰ֣ƻϲѣЦ⣬졣
ʲôϲӰЦǺǵص
šӡᡢʹ֣֮Ϊϲ΢˼һӦ
ţν죿޺ЦǺǵĵͷƺĻشΪ⣬漴ʳһ⡣
죬ǳ̶֮ߣ켴ϲ죬Ǵϲ֮⡣˼һʮϢ֮󣬲ƽصеĿֱǸ죡
գ⻶ϲ޺Ц޵Ȼ˫ƶƳȻɢƣʮϤӰʩչȴǾޱȡ
дϲҲ˫̽ʹɢƣӭ޺ӰĵӰײһ˲Σ޺ӰҲʧˡ
쿴ǽǣһСų֣Ҳһֱӳ㡣
޺վģüĿһ׽֮С˫𣬶ǰȴûľ㣬ֻһ̵Ĳۡ
üͷ΢壬ⲧӦǱϵģôڵء
ԥȻǰ㽫۹λһۣо֮ǰľ㴸ҪأŽʮ
˵ʮǿġ
˫ŷֿ۱㱻߸߾һߵǰۼ޺˫ϡ
۸һλ޺Ӱ˲両֣һʮɸߵĴӰ֣졣
ɷ𱰣޺Ӱʵ
üͷⲻûش磬ʵΪо֣֣֮֮ձ֮֡
ȴΪÿ˵ĴڶԼļֵ壬ֻƽ֮֮֡ǰγЦģӦƽȵġ
Զʱ½ףĵλĩǻǿ½
ȺʵǿôǴ½ˡ
ԣ޻˹ϵɽ棬
ûʵȥıĹԼ뷨ȴȻš
Ӧƽȣ쿴Ӱƽص
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ϲתӰͽղ񹦣ֽհӭ˹ȥ
䣡
Ҳ޺˫˲ӳԺڶ״̬Уת˫ȦֵķתпʼȴǧҶ֡
콥Ʒɣ
֪ȥ˼죬ӶϿԪ
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Ĳһ־߲㱦޺ֻȴǰҲû룬ֱӽʮصİ޺֡
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˫ۿ죬һ⻪֮Ϣ֮󣬹⻪ʧ
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ҪסǲϢˣƺδй
ȻǲסˣǰϵӰŶԷ⡣
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޺Ǹǿ׳޺̬졣ǰһľ㣬֮ǰСһЩֻȴûľӡ
첻⣬ûôð
޺˼ô⡣
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뵽ˣվľ㡣תһƻľϣƴľûз
֣ԼղŵѸͣȻһû
˼⣬ֻ۲޺ơ
޺Աǰ漸ǿ׳Ӧ幦͵ľӦ÷
ǣƻľϡ

һ𣬵ǹ⻪ԳʿӰȻ沿ƣȫͬһݵľ
ɱأӦ£ҷ𷨣
ɱ˵ɣҲɱɱңҵˣӦԣɱ˾Ϊ˻ţػ
Ϊߣɱǲܵģ޺ԼɱԼһ;ߡһ;ɾ͵ģûһ˫մѪȵģǴ˵еķҲһ
ȻģռһУԸ࣬Ͼ֡
֮֮࣬ʹ㲻ܣҲܣ
ִ̫ҷޱ߷𣡡޺ӰӰʵ˫ַɣ˲ں־ֱȥָָƣհƺʹȭ·һǧƵ֮Уһֲ֪ӦԵĸо
Ϣ֮۾Ӱķָ


57 
䣡
ǰȭӰӰָӰɢ޺Ӱʧ쾲ڵأ־һһ
ʱţĽ죬־ˣսһ㡣Ȳ뿴һ
ȻͣԼ̬ǲȶ
תķľ巨һһʹһڳ֡
޺ֳֹȣ黨״ܻȷԼûȣǺá
漴뵽Լռָľľ
Ȼе֣ǿɻóһ̵ģ߳СȰ֡
ŹȲ˷ħȷżʱֱ֮ӹ
Ӱһ֣һֱۣʹָĦڭָ޶ָ黨ָתղ񹦣һһ¡
նļ䣬ӰȽŷȻӳ˲־Ӱȣնȷͷħȷ
ԲȥӣΪ֪ЩӰ˵ԼֻԼѡϸؿţ֮С
ӰʧʼЩֻ˺ܳʱ䡣
˼ʮ־㣬ʼ硣
ǿѹ˲ͷţ󺣣ھתˣͬʱתֹۼеĺȻ֮Ҳ˲䴦ڶ״̬
䣡
һＱתͺȻˣȻתһ죬Ķغˡ
һֱӽľ֮ĺڣޱʵ
ϲһûбҪԼľȶѹĺôҲ١
΢˫ָӡɣĦڭָ޶ָ黨ָָһһӰɸߣׯϡһָ̽һһָӰǿѹ
ˣ
ǰ߳һĻϳһֱĳߵ̨Ļ֮֡
ƺһռ䴫
ĪǳȥĴ
ϲ΢һ˼̨̤
ˣ
ռһ󲨶ৡһʧˣţĻ̨ʧˡ
ֻǸоǰһڣһ֮ǰĴҪһЩ
ûеûеյû裬ֵֻǣǳģԿޱ߻硣
һïܣⰻȻʢһέݱš
ĸоǾף
˹ȥϵҶŵᣬһ˱ǶһƬγ֮УƺһзǳԽ
ϣ
ûмҲû˵˼ȥΨһǣô⼫пˡ
о˿ԼĴԷǳѣ㽫ԼѧĹ似һ飬
ԼĿǰѾ˶ʮ־Ļԣ£Уƺٽһ
أ֮УѧĹ似ȫԺһһС
ʱ䣬֪˶ãͷ˼ƬҶҲСңĹУʱʱֳӰ࣬ʱԼӰ˵ׯ¡
أϵҶӿʼˣ챻Ҷδ
ƺļ棬ҶȫˣˣȻٳҶֻصŨʱ
ˣҶֻ̣ƣ䣬ʮΣϽһöӣһڱ仯ͷ
·ʯصӶȻؿΧصĿҶöĿӡ
һۿӣҲƲĿˣʶ˽ƺܵٻһ㡣
ӣģоĲ֮أֱӽü蹬ʶĽ˻һ⣬Ӿ˽ȥ
һʶ̱㱻˰ȡ˴ΪϣڽԱ߿ʼȷѿһʱ㳪һ磬Ҷӵ״ɡ
֮ǰ˷޾ʶԼҲûգãҪмȡΪϡȻһжغɵġ
عΧĻֿһԼͷңճ˲ٿҶ漴һ𣬿Ҷ׷ɣȻøߴ
֪Լ˶ãҲܾðɣȴһ㲻ţ֪ΪΣطŷǳͨԼ⣬ǵ
Ҫȥˣ֪ȥǣΪ
Χת˼ȦĿϡ
˹ȥţһ£ûʲôر𡣾㽫Żԭλʱ򣬸ղŵλôһ͹Ļľ
᱾
̨
һ
δǳ
ʲô˼
첻£Ҳǲ
ƺǷϧ޷֮ˣδܲ
ľＸ£ȻĻǡˡһռһͬĻʧˡ
ٴγʱһ죬ֻǴ˺ܶ࣬Ҳкܶ
ʶɨһʮ
ұ̬죬ǧ
쿴ʮ񣬲֪ʲô㿪ʼľ߿ʼһ޺ֱʹ˶Ҷָ޺ȭͽ󹦣Ϣ֮󣬹⻪һһ߸ߵĽɫӰӰɳʶ
챾־ģ˼һ۾⵭ϲá
ղǵɫӰǾһص״̬գǿԾĸ
һһüĿǿ׳޺ԱһֻСʨӡ
֪ôȥˣתӰͽղ񹦣˫ֱȻŵһ
𣡡
ʨ쳹أĽɫӰһΣֱӽʶ֮С
ǽʨӺľһֵ;ǿ״̬µĹǵ
ƿֲľ
ΪֹǿĹֶΣΪҪʶΪߣԼʶȷʵȻ澳ߣǹ϶
ȴǳ첻ܶʹôСϾʶƣʹô˾Ϊƽ⣬ȫϴʶʶɵĽһЩ
Ҫչʾ˾ʶơ
ɲôֶ࣬Σһ㲻ʩչ
ᣬһ
أ֪˶ãʮĽɫӰȫˡ
ʮĸ͸еצֺɱȭЩƣ˵ò׺ܶ࣬˴˼ศɣٽɱȭĸ


58 ָ
ʹֵٽԵ⣬޵ȱᵶƽ䵶쳹׷˷ħֱӽЩԼĻܸõա
һֵǱȼľеĹֶΣǳǿ󣬲Ҳ
첻⣬ϲֿȭԵС
һΪǧַһʩչԳŷڵӰׯϣƥǧƳ޿ɵ쳣ǿ²ˣɱȭ˵ĸоҪ¡
Ȼɱȭһ֪⣬ö֪ɱȭɱ¾ȭǧַǾƷֽȻ෴ֲͬĸоȴһ
ʮĽɫӰʧʮɫ㣬һ޴Ŀռ䴫պôģֱӱˡ
Ҳ֪Լ͵ǳȥҲһҲȥĿռ䡣
ɵǰľʱȻǷԼ߹Ĳ֮ǰĿռ䣬ӦǵھŲ㡣
Ϊ֮ڴ˵ھŵĹҲࡣ֮ǰ߲ʱб仯ڷҲһ֣Ե߲㲻޺񣬶һ
֪Ϊġšʲôأ
һռȽСȴΪׯϣһʮɸߵľ̨ϣ˫ֱ̻¶ظ˫磬üĿȴޱȡ
Īһŷ
Ȼʶ⵹ǧַӰƣĪ
ҡҡͷȥΧ
ƻͨ峪оȴӰ
̴ǽϸֱڻǧ˰̬оʮ˸޺Ļ
쿴ͷƿĿ⣬񡣽ǰţ¯
Ƿ˫ּһССӡ
һŰ͸ӣָһСʲ״Ĺâһ֮У֫ٺ泩ޱȡ
ʱľʲôôô棡
ңڸղţغ龹Ȼ֮ƻҪҡ
һԼƽȻǰȥóһ̴㣬ȼ˼£嵽¯ּ͸ӡ
ʮɸߣ͸ӾҲɣ棬˲վڷ٣ȻصӡǸһ֣㱻غ뵤֮С
ﰵ̰ĺ飬㵹ҿʲôҲٰ
εһЦ·񣬿ɴʱо춯ֱԡʱ򣬲֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䡣
ӵȴδκ쳣мһ壬Լֹб仯
ֵʳָȫ͸֮ǰһ״̬󾪣ô£ѲһСǣ
ɼǵú֮ǰ֮ǣҲǱغԼĹ֮У͸ӣֹ֮ڣܿһڷӵָǡ
첻֪Լ˷ӣֻ²һͷҪɮ֪½϶ᷢ䡣
оʳָڵͷһ۽ֱڷϣתղ񹦣ǧַʩչС
ˣ
âϳһɫоռһԼƺһռ䡣
̧ۿȥ֡
ȻǺµĴ
ҪǣﻹʮˣЩ춼ӡⲻ֮ǰЩôڣ
ô£㲻Ǹսȥôͳˣһ䣬ôڣվʯǰԼһһ߾ɵ
ǰôһϢͳˣʲôһɻ
һϢôܣԼȻûмʱ䣬Ҳмʮˣĵط˵´˲༸ʮꡣ
Ϊʲôѵʱ䲻ͬ
Īʱ䷨ã˵ǲͬĿռ䣬ʱ䲻ͬ
סĵľ뻶ϲ治ɫװһãȻӵʲô棿Ҹղžͱһ£ô⸱飿
˵꣬ٿ˿ԼţͷЩңطûʲô仯
ûиоʲôͻȻʧˣǰɻ֣漴˲۾ۻˣ
Ҳˣһ˵
Ҳˣ
漴е߶µ
ôأǲۻ˰ɣֻǱһ£ǲСĴ˽ƣһ˼ɻ顣
ʲôоʵ
ûʲôǸоԼͻһɻصϾ֮ˣһע¶ݶ
ǺǵȷѾ֮ˣ˵һֱ죬´ʲôһ
ǰͻˣ⻹棡쵱ϲתһһı飬漴Ȼһ߹ʺˣ㱻һ¾ͻˡ
ʲôôֹĻأʵ
Ҿ˹һѣָ޺
Ŷɻؿ죬Ȼʮš
ٹһ¿죬в֮⡣
ֱӶ˫ۣһ£ƺ
ǰԣ˵ҵҲԱһ£絹ǺƣȻǲ̶쵹׽ܡ
֣һΣҲСŮӼʶһ£ϸƺԻ֮Ч޸о
ðɣԿ쿴һۣƳһ͹ˣ漴˵
ٴ˹ָƣȴָСûκα仯
㳢Σδ쿴ˣȻһʯš
²⣬ʮ˵ʯź涼ͬһطʮ˲
ȻԼоŲû꣬Ǵ֮ȥԺʱ˵
ٴָʯϵȭӡʯû˿仯˵ʲôĻˡ
Ϊ˴ǣһʯţûһб仯
ˣаãͺһΣ̯֣εĵ
ǲΪ棬Լá
ֻйһֱ죬ǲţ˵񻹲ȷ쵽ʲô磬Ȼ֮Թǿʶ
쵽Ŀ⣬ֻûǣ̩Ȼ
ϲ֣ʵ֣ǰֺص
ûʲôҲٽʱˣֻǽһ¹Ļѣûд˴ξͻƣ֣ķɻ֮ǫ͵ص
ʲôɸ˵ģѣںƲмĿǴ
ֱӺ֣ķ·ûںһ㡣
߻ģʯǰ
ںһᣬʯԣʯϵȫһһ¡
Ȼǵͽ似ȥҳǣҲһʲƸһСġ
Ҳֵӡ


59 壬
ʲôߵǰɻ
Ȼˣ㲻ֶܿ飬ЩȼͣһЩСǳػܻٶ˷ѣ
쵭ػӦһ漴ֿʼ鿴֮ǰ˻϶ˣûкö֪ÿһ򱻲鿴
Ȼе鿴һϲҵһö¼һǲȱģɵȼ͡
ͽӰ
ȱ׼΢һ£ⱻ˺ںƿ
ûгںȴǰصʲô
ʲô£쵭ػӦһ
ںƾαһԼ͵˺ӣһܴ裬漴߳ŭֱǰһϮ졣
쿴ûһֱֵۣ£һɻӭںơ
䣡
һ죬ںƱ֮浶ֱӴؿڣ·ˣ¶ڼסںƺһ岽
˿ںƴ󾪣̶ŭ쳣ɫѿ֮ϵļ֣ȵ
ղżöͬѰ
˻Ȼ뿴죬˺֣ķɲмؿһںơ
֣Ҳ̫˰ɣЩǴҿ۵ģ򲻹֣αأΪҵȻ֣֣ķɴ߳ȵ
ô˵ҵˣôñ˶ռˣ㽫򴫸ҿû˵ʲôȴƺгһ㡣
ǿϵĶҲгͻҵˣкʸң쿴һص
СС죬Ȼ񣬿Ҳѵѵ㣡
ϣ˲ƶץ졣ղ񹦺Ӱһת˫ֱֳԼɽɫӰݣŽʨӺʩչ
𣡡
쳹ףӰɽʨ쳤ХǿʶϮ˲佫乥⣬ĹƲֱӻϣߵ˳ȥڽѪֱ磬Ȼ˲ᡣ
Ҳ֮ܵĶѪҲɫ԰ףĸǿ˺󼸲תֿš
ǣÿ϶ầȻ֮ɫ˭Ҳ뵽һ֮ߣȻǿĹ
Ҳ˹ֿţһ亹ҿԼûг嶯ܴһȻˡ
ٴ˶˹ɵˣȴп಻ѣոʹʨӺʶδģȻһ˿
֪ˣʱͻȻϮܻ鷳򾲣ɫȻЩ԰ףǿһ㿴Ƿľ
λղŶеǵѣԺлλɣȸˡ칰һݣ漴ת뿪
˶֮ǰľ֮УȥӰһóһöҩ¡ںҲǳһ漴ɫ󼸸ܼ֮˵
ȥû𱬷ɱ
ܼҼεصͷ׷˳ȥ˾ɲǷ졣֣ķβܼ֮ˣ˳ȥ
һʱ䣬Ĭ
˵˭ôǿ󣿡ȳ
Ҳ֪δ˵ɫأҡҡͷ
ͣƺ󣡡֮̾¶ࡣ
ǿ壬ǿ似ĪǳԴţɻѡ
漴˽ĿͶˣ̾һɵ֮¶ţϳԹʶǿ޷󣡡
뿪´̷˼öһһѸתָ
µ˸вȽװһη̬ǣٶȴǿޱȡ
˵ͨͷһۼªʯݣѸ뿪һ鷳ˡ
ʱ԰а֮ԶԼȻľշ˵ҩûлָ޷նУ뿪
ܼҵѾʯ󣬾ٲŻ
λɣ쿴һȻֱתصķ
Ӱʯð˳ɫÿǿջЦڰҵܣ͸͸
Ŷλɣ쵭ػӦһ漴ϯضĿ񣬿ʶȴȫͷţɨʮʯ΢һˡ
˴󺧣ߣȻںƵĴ
ҲǼһ޴ڶ֣ʱ
εضһۣ㾶ֱȥְſռָ׼
ܵ˵۾صλ£
ɫѿ֮һ֮״Цŵǰѵһţսҵһȫ
˵ͬʱѾӿռָó˽Ҳͬ⣬ȥֱҪ
治ɫ΢һܿ˶ԷСͬʱֳƣԷ硣
Ȼݽߣ弫Ϊǿȸ߽ޣ˼ϣֱӽķɣѪ
˵ļȻжȴû֮ǰĿ־壬ƺһ˿ϲ
ô
⻰˵ͬģ˼״Ȼ׷óӭ졣
ʱҲüͷԼǿô빥ԼһһӦԣҪÿºѡ
ĴһĶеæң˴ʧˡ⼸˶ԼķǿǱ֮岻˻еġ
˵屻ݺݵشݲһԼȴѪ
û𱬷жȥһֱһԿţϲ̳˴
˷ɢ֮Զö𱬷ĸͬķлϮ졣
ĸֵ˹ĪһΣС˵𱬷ȴʶֻǱܵĶܿ
˵ַ׼쳣ֻǰööȷʵ׼ȷشڱ
أأأأ
ĵը֮챻ըԶ·飬һѪޱȣⶼըˣͷ¶˳ɫ԰ףҧվ
ɻûվȣͱ˵һƣ֮Զײʯϡ
䣡
ʯѣʯ׷ɣ
㲻ǺôǱˣôʯպΪĹأӦø˲ǣ
ںĿֱʯ£Ѫ
챾ͱըˣںƵƣѩϼ˪ٱʯѹڵ£˿ڿ϶ˣѪȻ١
ö𱬷Ĺ¶԰ˣǿԸɷߵģֻϧǵңã
첦ʯ˳վȻǸЩˣǱ
ںƣĮɱڣȻˣҲҪöԷۡ


60 ֮⾳
Ȼվǿһ˲Ĺɱ㣬ǾҵˣںɭɭЦţ졣
Ѿ׼ˣԷг䲻
ڴʱһӰм䣬棬ȻǸ֣ķɣסںơ
ܵģٹ£ںƿ֣ķɳ֣ﰵ
ҵѣܼȣ֣ķɵؿһںƺˣ
ߣҿϣںһӣ֮Ϯ죬Լȴ֣ķɡ
ֻǣ֣ķɴһӣһۻˣͬʱӭںơ
˻أںƱ岽֣ķ
˴ν֣֣ķԱںǿ
û˼öͻѪ֪֣ķɳ֣Լ˴εΣܴܱ⣬ҲˡҪˣָ
ںƿԼȻռһˣɫǳѿֻƣ漴ôصˣûϺõҩ޷ԭģοɽΣ쳣Ϊ˶á
֣ģҼߣһ֣˻شȥˡ
֣ķɿں뿪Ӱɫأתߣ뿪
л˶ģ칰ְлһ۱ٵʯ̾ϧϿ̵ʮǿֹӰղ񹦡
֣ķץĸ첲һأ԰
ҪСںƣҹ׷֣ķɽذϣߣ㵲һ
û˵ֱóУݸ֣ķɣȫҩȭлһԲ뿪˴˵ء
֣ķɱûյģֱӽзŵԼ߿ˡһ󾪣Ȼҩ
ؿһ뿪ķ򣬸̾Ǹصˣ
ڱۣѵ£ٱšȻˣָһЩҩ
Ǳӱˣʱһ˼ɽȣ˸ɽ꣬ʶ̽һΧķΧûзκ޻ˣŷ
ڴʯϣַ˼öȻſʼ
һʱȥˣȫָϵָֻɲת׽һֶ⹦òԴ˿̵˵ѩ̿
оԼѪѪҺ쳣֮죬֮ǰĵҩܿ챻ˣҩ鼰ȫͬʱתȫСҲʼ
˿ۿɼٶţֳɸߵķӰ
һʱ챳ȫϣֻģӡǡ˹״̬Уδ
ÿˣһЩ˴Ҳ⣬Ѿͣ׽תҪרŸΪǿ
˿̣ļϽɫΧһȦΣеׯء
һ죬
תʶһԼ壬ȫԭĻΪ޴
̾Լ֮ãȻ뵽ڴõǲ
ӰһؽƷҲǲȱ
ʶɨ򣬽ƪھȻſʼĥ
ⲿֻǰ벿֣Уֱѩͷơ찴ղн·ߣڵ˼ΣԸо似ĲԼٶҪ죬ΪΪʡ
ѩڵʩչޱȣ仯ˣ޼ѰƲڵռƣҪڿʩչһӰȥ٣׽
غãӰĴ֮ͨЧܿУľӰľΪչʾ
컨һʱ䣬˷Ӱڶ֮Уŷ֮⾳
ʲôǷ磿
֮ӣ֮ǿ֮죬֮Լ˵
ߣ֮߳
ڵأƻ֮ĩ
Ϊ硣Ψŭš֮Ⱥ
ԷϤ磬ڹ壬ȴ֪οڡ
ЩˣԴ
Ӱĸ£һ˿֮⾳
磬磬磬΢磬ͷ磬磬ǿ磬磬磬ҷ磬磬磬쫷֮֡
ѩҪ΢;ĸоƱмͿĸо
أһ˿ʮķֺӰȱ̺˷⾳ֻҪԼԺ󽫷İڷķôӰһؽƷʱҲ񼼡
ɽķֻǼ磬һ˿⾳ȴ㹻ˣ뵽˷һǿ׳꣬ƮƮģޱȣ޹ǡһƬҶεڰУƮ
ʱ䣬ܿţɽﻯһƷ磬ʱʱ߮ʱͣϢڵأʱڿգڡ
ӰȻȱţԼԽ䲹ȫȻҪʱ䣬Ǹʱ򣬷Ӱ¾Ͳ֮ǰķӰˣķӰһ
УŲ߾磬ǽŲƣλλռ䶯ȷ֮⾳ҷ֮⾳֮⾳ôֱӴ·ߵı仯ɵлֱʡȥʱ䡣
ӿռָó߱ħʩչ޵ŷӰùޱȣ˹ȡ
ڣϾȫˡ
ţǲǸóȥˣ֮ǰ棬ΨһɵǹˣԷľ̫ߣԼǶ֣ɻأʵףòҪӰ죬ѱûи߽һӵˡ
ںƣһҪ֮ɱǰ裬컹ȼģ˲ﲻ죡
ʱ֣ķɾԼȻɾͲˣȻԸѣǱضḶ֣ۡķɣмԷԼ󣬻ΪԼ׷֮ˣݶʵҩԱģл볥Ƿ˶顣
ʰһгС죬߳ɽȡ
С죬ڷʱһֱ˯𣿡쿴С죬ɻʵڷôãʮʱ͹ȥˣСӦ˯ôð
ޣʲôС׶۵
֮ǰһ£Ȼסˣ۾ŵôģǰСһ
ôС챻Īϸص
㣬˵ˣ캧ȻֻǸ˻Ǿ塣
šղңҾ˵ˣҲ֪СҲɻ֣֪Լôͻ˵ˡ
ѵڷԭʹǴ󿪣ԣ²ҪҸ˵ԼֻĪķˡ
ʲôСɻ


61 Ѫ
㲻֪쾪һֱ˯
ԴϴνҾһֱ˯Сһ£Ӧ
˯˶ãʵ
߰ɣССԴȷػش
ʲô߰죿ȷ󾪣ƺ޷š
࣡С˵ͷ
գȻǷȻʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨򡣡쾪̾
ܸıʱͿռ䷨ʵ̫ǿˡһ·޾ļ䣬ûҵ˵ĸʥǿ߿ǻ񾳵ǿҲû˵
ֻǲ֪ʲô磬Ƿ񻹴ڴ½ϡ
Կ϶ʮ˸޺ÿһ붼ǻ񾳵ǿߡǻ߾ĴڣΪڵھŲ㿴ЩڻԿ϶޺֮ϻнٸǿߡ
Ӵ½Ще֪޺֮֮ϱǷ𡣷вûеȼߵͣʵ;̶ֵģķӦǾߣһз֪ܣɡ
࣬޼֤뱾ʣ𣬲࣬ȼһһ࣬纣һ
Ǵ˵ڵķ˵Ƿ𣬿ҲһзҪȻôҲûڵԣʱҲûͳһ½
ƣǾѡ
ʮ˲Լֻȥ˾Ų㣬Ѿоеޱ߷Ҫߣ֪ʲô
˦˦ͷȴЩͷⲻǴʱ뵽ڲ쾳ĳ̶ȣڴ½վȽŸ˵ɡ
뿪ɽȣɽأ˶ĵطȥһ˳ţʶ˼۹ſԼһġȥ˵һЩǿߡ
һɭɱ˼ֻ׵ޣ㱻һˡ
Ⱥ˾ʮ֮Զʶɨˡ澹Ȼˣɽսӡ
ֻɨһ£㲪ȻŭΪһΪɽˣԥŲһţһ㣬ʧˡ
䣬أȻѪǿ󣬿ɽҲģɽŭѣŭĿԲǰĽꡣ
ߣССսӣҲڳѪǰҸ㣬ӽԺɽѪΪǰ䣡ŵָɽȻʫŷ廪ЦͳΪҵĵʮһ͵ʮС檰ɣ
ź飬ʫŷ廪ŭʫȽϳ嶯漴ȥɣҲŲĵСأ
䣬ôߣҩҲͰˣٴҵȣĪΪ㣡ŭ죬гǹһᣬɽţƻȥսһ
ǰҪ֮ȫʬˣȫҲŭɶ
ߣǸұ죡ҾƾҸ׵ôˣбҲҸɽ磬ѪܲˡЦţŷ廪ʫתһļҲǴЦѡ
ߣֻЦû֮ʱһߴú
ʮ֮⣬ɽһ󾪣亹ԱߵļȴǴ󺧣漴죬еıǺǰ
Σ۾䣬
˭ǳѪսӺɽսӵ飬ȰĪҪ£Աһ׷ߵ֮
СӣӵҲҹܣϿɣһ㶣ǸԼʱŭ
˵Σûǰ׷ߣȻź
㳢Ұë׷ߴŭһ
쿴ֱʩչָڰëĿڡ
䣡
ֻëؿըѣѪɽɳȥʮ֮⣬˼£ûϢ
ˣ
ϵ˾ˣɽжԱ۾ƺԼۻˡ
ѪļλޱȣŵûˣԱߵļҲǿ죬
λ̨ղŶеˡˡߣѪսӵһ֮߶칰һݣ漴ź䣬Ҫ뿪
Ȼ˵Ͱ£ô뿪ֶ棬ǲȥɽսӱض鷳ϡ
˵ֵܣǼþհɣǿǳѪսӵˣλǶӳĶӣĪҪ֪ô֮ĺ߿죬΢ŭ
ǰҸ׿Ǻ죬֮ĸ֣ҲǵѣڤǵĻ
룡ֱʹǧҶ֣Ѫսӵ˻δӦ㵹ɳȥڷ
ɽ˶ʯˣǿɴδ˳棬ȵ˲ɱʮ߻Ҫֲ
ɷ˿̵ʲô磬ûĻӦѡ
ǲ˼飡
壬ּˣ쿴ż˵Ĵεҡͷȴư
Сӣ̫˼ˣ⻹𣿡ɽ˲ع쾪̾
찡˵죬ôôǿʫǰקĸ첲ҡμ£ʵ
ɱˣ̫ˣ滹ڴУع󣬱̾
ŷ廪Ҳ֣оǰһвʵʹ۾Ȼϸؿ죬档
ãһЦ漴ʵô£
ɽһ۵ϵʬ壬ػ˭֪ʫȵĺ䣬ҵһݳݣǺ˵ǳѪսͿУ̸ֻܱҩ
ʫ˵˴ŭ壬Ҳ˼֣ȺһҩҺŷ㣬вսӣ˵ˣ
Ҳŭ档
ѪսӺǿ쿴ɽ
ɽɫֿ֮˼ۣϵʬ壬ѪĶӳ죬Ѿ֮ˣսǿϵΪ˸հԵ֮ңѪҲм֮ߣֶ࣬ɽǿʮƬİƷսӡ
ɽڼƷüͷ΢壬Ѫ࣬սǿǺȻ֮ͬɱҪǿһЩ˼ҿǼʮ֮ĥģ϶ǿЩӵܡ
Ʒɽεʵȫսӵģֻһϰˣ໥ֵ֮ܽã˴ʮΣҲҵˡ
ţ⵹Ǹ⣡΢оɽڴɽе治ףһƷսƵپҪЩƷߵأȻȥɣҿԸıһǵľ
ţȥǵפذɣѪ϶Ѿ֪Ҫ׼һ£ɽɫء
ѪѾ֪üͷ΢塣
ÿսӶԼص緽ʽ϶֮ǰҲв˿ִҵͷϣ


62 
ĬһͷȻʬϵĽָʩչȼľһʬ㻯Ϊɻҡ
¶һ֣ɽ˵顣
̫ǿˣ˵սʤѪ
ɽȻ뷨
һʱ󣬼ɽսӵӪء
һʯɽϣʮɸߣ˽ݣһ˳߸ߵĹɽǰ
ڿңɽȴǿޱȣ򵥵ʯңƺкţ֪ͨɼΪһʯľӣֲԡɽѾá
оطмҵĸо
֮ǰ˵Ҵ˴ܺãһЩһЩ߽׹Ҵ㴫Ǽˣˣ㽫ʮһЩֽ⣬ڸˣһЩĵҩǿʵ
˶ǺˣԸоĵڷĲ޺ļӰ죬ƺ϶һܡܸܵǰ֮飬ޱȡԣ㴫ھǡ
ɣ򲻿ɣĻδ˵꣬ɽ˱ܾԼĻĽ˵ҵȣ
壬ȱܾһԣ찴ɽļ֣صض˵ҼȻô˹⣬ǣҲ⣬Υ
ɽԣܡ
壬֪ʲô似Ȼʵ
ɽɻؿһ죬Ʒ칦ͻƽƷ似ɽ
ǻƽƷĴԪͶǹҲãȻӦ
Ʒ칦ǽŷ廪δɣ˵Լϰ似
Ʒ칦߱޷ʫ˼һۣɻػӦš
ϰǴԪͨȭ
ǴԪͿɽȫ
˵Ľܣ̾ѣԼõû˰
վɨһۣϰĹ似Ƚ׵ͣǵİ壬ѴҲõĹϰԴŷƽ츳ǳϰȥҲԼĽλҲǡôɽսӴ˴αֻǾƷսӣ
ֿһۼˣΣգΪʵ˲лʳѰ
˶ݣҲ֪ôػɽǵǿ󲻵ã
壬ִ̫ˣҽձΪ漴ߵɽǰָԷ蹬һ˿䴫ɽԺ
Ƿ似ĦƷ׺ܸߵ似ʥף֣ص˵ɽӦ漴ǰͬһ˿Է
ҲǷ似ħȷʥ似ǹ֮ͨϰѣ
Ȼŷ廪һ˿Ƿħʥ׽ʺ㣡
±޷պƣ콫±޷ʫ
ǹȭʥ似Ҳ񼼣ȭ
ȫĿɿڴĸ׳󺺣Ƽ˶Էʶ
ΤƷĸͨȻҲҸƴΪ񼼣
˴ڴ״̬֪һǲŷӦоԼΣ̫ѨԼѹɷǰһжʵ
ɽǰϥأл죬Ǳһס
ǲعһ죬⹦ǣҲӦõġֻǣĪҪԺҪ˻֮ˣǶĸл
ַž˵пʥΪų񼼣ҪúòһҪһ׹Ҳ˵ٴνݼֱʶ
ԪǶѧǵӦǾ޴ģúò͸쿴ϲеˣȰһս˺ϻսʮֹ
ָÿ˴һսǿĽշħȦǲս󷨣ǿ쳣ǷӺƥиԼСǿߡ
ǺúòҽʯһãҲȼ˵ֱӽԱߵʯС
໥ţβסĵļ໥˵ͷڵϣʼԪ
ʯңļװΣӦŮӵҡֻǲ֪ʱŷ廪ģʫġ
ó˫ȡ˼һҩ͸߼ҩģ뵤㿪ʼˡ
Ҫһֵҩ˵Ϊ쵤硣ֻǣ˵ıײһһֻܷΣ˾ûЧУõҩľ磬ܶʱ򣬶Ƚ鸡ȡ
첻Щ쵤Ǹɽ˷õġԼòҲá
ɽ˳ںɽսֲҩľ鸡⡣
ǵһ׵ҩƽ׼ƷûƹСĵĿžתķģġ
һӺһ쵤ƳɹܹǰööеĵƣƷƷƺҪƷˡ
쿴öҩ⣬Ͼһ׵ҩֱ˻ƽ׼Ʒ˵ܲס
ٴ׼һЩҩģпʼƵڶ쵤
һӺ󣬵ڶҩɹһöǽӽƷöеơ
ȥǰöһöƷĶƷöеơ
ĶȻǰöȫеƵƷҩļսȶˡ
嶦ҲǰööƷöƷеơ
ööƷöƷеơ
ʮ嶦ööƷеƣһöƷ޵ơ
ʮööƷеƣһöƷ޵ơ
ʮ߶ööƷһöƷеơ
ʮ˶öƷеơ
Ƶʮ˶ʱ򣬲ŵԼԤڵƷʡ
㿪ʼһһӣɹˣöƷеơ

³һŸղŵƹ̣ÿһϸڶŹʱ߳ʯҡ
ɽ֮Уûдţ߳ɽ
ʱҹŲұڵ͹ԳԮϣʮϢ֮󣬱㵽ɽ
ϡݷͳ֮ˣϣ첻ʶɿʮľ
ȵϷɣ޹Ѩ첻˼ң˸ףѣѩ
λȥؽѩޣնɱӡ
֮ǰɵĲսöĹڣҩһգ֮Լİٶ֮ķĽⶾ֮ЧʮɰնԸ
ֻǲ֪׵̫ˣ᲻ᷢ仯
֮ʱйĽչ˺Ҫ˵ȿرӡ
Ľܰ쵽


63 
Լʮĸţ븸ΪȴǼࡣ
ܶĽ峤֮λ˭֪εġ
ó˼̳ƣ̳ϾƣǺƣ巽ջġǧ
¶ӽҹףǹ
¼ʱУѾ죬֪ϹڣϦǺꣿ
ƣ£˼ˣ
̳ſ㵹ཹཱུĳˮϣɽʯϡ
ʹ죡
챾˼֮Ժ󣬽վ̳ʹɽ£ûһ˿һ˵ָо
Ƿˣȴδй˳֮Уߣ֮ǰԼʱԼȴûֺȾƺʹ֮У
νȴԽԽʹ죡һ̳ȴû⣬ԼѹסǱǿ壬ƾԲˡ
ԣʣ̳ƶ˳ˮһ㣬С
ȻʮһŹΪʩչſɿ侫衣
ӿռָóԼľľֱžֳֹ̳
һ㣬ѵʱԽ似ʩչԽλǣƵ״̬£ȴǺʩչ˶ˢһͨ
ȴڲͬʽġƵ״̬£룬һ֮һ֮ߵĶ򾳽磬򷨹һ
첢ǳڴ־磬ֻ˵һƵľ磬ͷＸѵģڼ״̬
ʩչ㲻
հ塣
ܵ־磬ʵףϾľ
ң֣ټԡʱ״̬Ǳ˿һΪȶˣҡҡλΣᣬշתŲʱʱʱԣʱʱͦʱ룬ǧ˰̬
ʱͣʱѽһ˫ֱʩչѩৡһһӰɽңϢʱ䣬͵˶ڡ
֮ʱ˶Ѿ˳״̬
ĵܴܵˣȥˣʫһСһıģһӳߣקұۣźĴ۾Ȥ
ܴܵˣʲôз챻ʫˣôһ֣гûеܵܵĸоҲûж˵ĸоĸɡ
СȻҵܵˣдôĹǶʲôʫӣС
ε̯̯֣㻹ǽĵܵܣʦܣϴһҰ죬ϰһЩ
ðɣĵܵܣҪôл㣿ʫʹץĸ첲ϲȥ
ʱȴƶסˣһˣҶҲܶʫ˫ĥ֮ҪǶһ£ͻἷѹǺá
ɴ֪Сô˵һ棬ǰѵϷŮˣԸ⡣ǰ֮ˣֻѣû뷨ҲС
Ȼ˷žڡɫһأǲ򶨡
лǺǿѹסĥ治ɫȴֱʫŶǽڵ
ôأʫţ漴һЦҪ㿴ô
󺧣ҲǷʧسԼĸ첲ʫЦŵ˵ЦˣôƯôῴأңƷѾˣͱˣ
ʲôôŮ˶ϲģвСܱȺǸ̬ðɣôСӿңѵҺѿ𣿡ʫĿһ˿Ȼ漴ָֻɫ˫ֲװͰ͵ص
ǣǣƯֻǡ֪֨֨λشŷ廪Χ
ˣʫͱ۸Сˣż漸ΣָֻħŮıɫˣŷ廪ʫЦ˵漴죬Ѿͷװ˼㳤꣬ʵ̬Сû⣡
û£֪ڶ棡ǸоЦŻӦŷ廪ɫ
ȷʵǸľɬ£ײ͸ǿԸܵǿŷ廪֣ص۾εϲһ
ļҲͬĸо
ҹƳѪһʱЩ쵤Ƿãӿռָóһƿݸɽ
쵤ģǿǸ߽鵤Ƕûж٣㻹Լţɽƿܾ
ҲȱҩרŸ׼ģ֮
ɽ˵ͷϲɫ¶ƿ漴ƿֻһۣ㾪Ʒƣ
ʲôҿŷ廪󾪣̽ƿ˹ȥֻһۣҲƲĿˣŵԲԲģĿԲ
˶Χ˹ȥ
С죬ĶôƷʵĵҩǵϴǵĵҩƷҲǺܸߵģŷ廪֡
˵ЩҩƵģ𣿡΢ЦŻӦ
Ŀ໥һۣһͷţ
ûɲţ񼼶һһѣ˵ǵҩˣŷ廪һͨʦ֪Щ쵤ǸոƳġ
ֵˣûָԼĻȴɵصͷš
ĿǰƵõҩÿöʮöɫ쵤һֻܷΣǵľͣÿһöڶڽС磡
ȻҲ֪õҩǿ磬Ե鸡ȹ̣ǲ£Ǿ޴򽻵ʵս࣬ȹ̵ġ
˵ͷȻ󽫵ҩˡ
ھɣ
˻ص˸Եңȥҩȴϣ׽
ȴ˵Ѫܲһһ似صλϣ鿴һ˲
һߴӰ˽һ£ӳүһҹδ鰡
Ķ֪ܣֿļҵŮˣҹδ飬ǰ𣿡쿴ǰ׳ص
˵үɽսӷ˳ͻ
ɽ֧Сӣ˵ëʨ㲻Ϊ˰ɣЦŵаëڤǱɽսʤˣ
ɽʤ˶ˣЩĶѣëʨǰˣӦ
ĵǶģҲӿɶȥʲôطˣǳѪܣҵĵϣ˭ҶҺĶӣص
ȥĵ˰ɣëǸоʲôһܲڡ
ҽҪ뿪Υҵĸ룡ɫ㲻ļܿٹδ飬ȥҡ



64 ָ
ķݸɽʱ䣬һö쵤ȴڴ뽥֮С
򣬸һͨȷзѸٵ򹦷Ҫ죬ӶָȷʵóɾͣȻⲻΨһ;Ҫͨɣʱ˵˲䡣
ָйбΪ״ΣֻгڵŬܴﵽ֤ɵ
׽״̬Ϊغ飬ûʲôѵסһٽ֮󣬻ᱣ״̬ĸо
ڷžҪ򣬻Ҫ侫Ҫ
׽һľ˵һ似Ҳ˵һֹȻҪǸǾƫڹ
һߣô׽ҪĹ׽Ȳ̺似͹ּ沢֮׽ǲ硣
켸Ĳ͹ؽڡžž沿ļţʱţʱֳ˷ӷࡣ
׽ؿĺȣԺͿռ䣬Ҳ޳еʡڼʣľ̶Ⱥͬ˵ֹв˿ʹ֮С
һʱ춼˳㻹һǹھ̫࣬ϿԲ͸ˡֻҪС֮һξ롣
һԹĲΪ׶Σһ׶ΣڶСɽ׶ΣǴɽ׶ΣĸԲ׶ΣǼ
ڻ׶ΣмѽӽСɽ׶ˡ
ϾǾһ㹦Աġ
ϣ쳤ÿɽϣ߳ʯҡ
ΣԷѾ֮©ϲɫҲο
֮ˣֻǻûȫɽϲص
ҴĴĦ򣿡ͷ漴ʴ𣬱ϾžĪ⣬ɽԣûҪһЩʱŻ
̫ˣʱûһ˿ɽεҡҡͷ
ߣȥΪ㽲һˬصҲɽӦԳɽ
ɽȵһ䣬ϰ似ĺõطǰɸߵʯڣƽӲԹ
ؾ˲䣬ȻимӦһԽ˼άٶȡ콫Լĸؽ˳ɽӹ
ڼбĪ⣬̡ϴã仯ڰ֮Уͨ档˵ɽ÷ǳϸ´һ㡣
Ļ֮٣ħ֮ģȻĶʤŽħȻ
轣֮ʱдĦ֣Ӱ纣ϢȻ
ϣ
¶ɳɽ䣬ʯһۣࡣ
֪׽ϣɽڸղŵ龰֮Сûлڵϣ뿪
֪ɽһһЩǺ£аɡ
Ӧûˣóָǡ
ãŷ廪ѾڴµɽȥˣҲûһԹۿϾ⻹ǲòΪ˵ãʦػҪеġ
ϲ㣬֮Ҫ֮ˣ칰Цŷ廪츳ϸߵһλҲ
㣡㣬ҹƻ춺أŷ廪ȻһЦһŮӣˣϲҵһ˿ѵĸоǾǹ
㣬Էħôˣɫʵ
һ˿оҲо֮ŷ廪֣صص
Ҫ㣬
Ǿ͵ܵܵĽˣ
߳ɽһȥ
ħĦĲ֮ͬڣĦһֺĺȻ֮ħɱħ಻ݵš
һǽ̻һɱ
ŷ廪һŮӣĽ£ܿ˽Ҫ죬κ󣬽սƲöãɽսӵĵһˡ
һˣΪǫͣеȣǱȽִţһ;ҲɾͣΪ
һִŵˣħȷʺڼǹģħȷ˵õġѾ֮ˣ֮ŷ廪Բһǵȫ쵤ʵضһ㡣
ʵҪ˵ģʫСѾͷС츳ã쵤ֱӽ֮ȱʵսĥ츳֮ˡ
ʫһޣƽ׼Ʒ±޷ʵضʡ
츳һ㣬ҲǱȽСٶȿ죬ӦϰҷȭãݴͣԾƶʵ飬似ΪԴΪдã棬һһƼع
ഫԴȭһд˰ħɼǿ֮
ȫһʺߣԴΪң·Ȼ̫ʺĿǰ촫ΤƷΪõǴ󸫣봸·ƣõϰ
޵ԪһصĹҪּǻ޴ìܣ硰Ͻһͷ򡢺ذα׹⡢籧Сһ顢һӯ֮С
Ԫʵϣϣϡźϣϣϥϡ
ϰ󷨣շħȦսҪϰ֮ͨɽ˿һϰңԪͨʺǡ
ŬΪһЩԵĵҩԼҲͶ˴ʱϰ׽ͽղ񹦡
ŬĵҹѪսӵܲһ֮͡
Ǻ죿˿һǰߴˣ漴ĿͶõֻϡ
λˡ׾Էӣ˲ŭߣϾϽˣĹм֣ǰԼһǿߣȻ壬ҲΡ
򣡡˵ص
ԣ󺧣ⱲӶûߣǿһƬĵطˣﲻ
ڼԼǲТӲ֪ȥˣʵżٶ¡
֪˺θɣ֣Цʵ
ǰҴˣ˵صʶԷĿȴʶ֮Ч޷鿴
ʲôˣɻ
һ꣬ǻ񣡡ҲûмƽϺ̽飬ֱӵݸԷһ
ӹ񣬴򿪿һۣȻĻɻ󲻽⣬漴üɲң˺ܶ࣬ҲѱȥԷ
㲻Ҫģطע⣬ֻҪĵѰУתſڡ


65 ɽսƾ
꣡۾΢УŹ˵ıӰ
Ʒʯ˽һռָӸ죬ŵһ٣۳ɹ񣬶ģ³֮һ룡
ϲ¶ЦݣʶɨһеĿռָôϵ㣿
ֻռָһöС
ǴϵңֱӸ죬ԷһȻͷСȻⶫСպá
ЩƧԶ˵һݳƷЩĴžⶫϢףҪ̻󷨣ֻʦſ
ӳ˿һۺ죬ֱʧӰ
֪ʧʮϢ󣬲ŶſڡޡһȻϲ֣еĿռָ
ʲôôˣ磡һʮҵ˽ÿ˺ı飬ʵ
ܣãԸµѰˣ죬һ֪ͨң쿴ƾ˹ȥ
ȥ죡Ŷˣ磬Զⷢղݣڻ죡ƾ򿪻һۣɻһ£ߣȻ⣬˵顣
ղݣ֪ˣȥüͷ΢壬ղȻǺöǵʱһѿơ
ƾһۺ죬кˡ
첻֪˿״̬
ˣһҹ
ȥ̽Ϣˣɽڶ似ʱϲɫ
ҿкϢѾֹͣŹڼ˴󺰵
ţֹͣڹⶺ뱼ɽ
ʲôϢʹ˷ܣ˵ɽ֮ɫȴȻһдϢ
Ҳɻ뿴еĴϢ
֮ص·ղݣҪ죬ʱ䶨ڣ˷ܵȫް֮˵ӣɷϲԽ
ղݣ˾ҲĶѡ
ղݣһĽݣ֮һС磬ЧѣǣЩǴҪģղ֮ڣںһ˿ռ䷨֮еĿռ֮ᵽռ⾳
ϰŲҪռ֮⾳񲻵䷨ղԣȻܹ򵽿ռ⾳
ϢȷУɽвţŴ˴ԡ
ǧȷ֣صصͷӦܶѾ򶫱ȥһЩҲ⣡ҶħЫͻˣ
ħЫǣƷսӣԷ飡ɽһħЫͻҲȥˣȻŲɣǸİƷսӣѪʵ൱
ѪĽΣɽƺ뵽ʲôʵ
ѪҲȥˣѪƺʲôˣҵĻ᲻йأ˵Լǡ
ˣҲȥɣС죬ôɽĵһ˲⣬ƺ죬漴˹ȥ
Ҳȥղݶдã۾򶫱ɫϡ
ãʱлᣬȡҩɽļ򣬸һĵ
ʰһ£ȥ
ֻʮϢʱ׼׵Ż֮ظȥ
֮زĻȽԭʼĶ࣬ҲΪǿʺӪפءңϡٺһ߼ȥ
һ˸ϵʱ¸ﻹǻ֮أ䲻٣˸࣬ķΧߡɢޣĶǸĸ֡
µı׵£ʲô壬±мɫҩݣҪˡ
˵ڰͣӣղӦػ
쿴һ£֮࣬к˾ߣҲɷĸ֣Щ˶վǰߣ˰¡
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ʱ촩źɫ磬ǹԼòıˣһΪ꣬طûһ˿죬ɽ棬Ȼϲ
֮࣬ѱûвʶԼˣҲܽ˶顣ҪҵԼǾ鷳ˡ
УˣصļһΪ⣬˵ѾĳȺԼ
Ǿʮ֮Զɽʱ򣬾ԶѪսӡ
ѪȻѾɽƾںĶ˵˼䣬쳯ɽս˹ȻԺƾ˵һ仰ƾɽ滹ż¡
ƾˣɽ촫
ֱӻ֣Ŀʼնղݡ
Ϣʱ䣬ƾߵɽǰ΢΢һ¼ˣ۾һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ漴̧ͷǿ׶ɽɽֶ䣿
ǰˣ֮δɽװһߵӣʱôҩأ
Ҳ֮װģ룬ˣ˭˲
ŶԴ֮Ҳûлƾ˵ɫȻأ漴ؿ˿ɽ
ô䲻ˣʲô£㿴ʲô˼ɽû˿η壬ֱӶźƾ
ʲô˼ҵȻǻʧٸйˣƾЦһв֮⣬ʵǻɽˣֻٴһ¶Է档ɽսӵʵ£Ѫʾ齵ϲǱɽܾˣ޹⣬һһôأ¾ǴõĻᡣ
ƾ㲻ҪѪˣ浱ɽ۸ɣɽŭƾ֡
Χ˼״ÿճһʮҵȦȦˣͲһսվǰߵʮλ֮ϵĸƺ˶һЩƷսӡ
ô붯֣㾹ȻҶ֣ƾɽЦãããܺãҵҪмͣ
ϣƾӿռָóһצ̹ɽ
ɽ˿壬һһѻƽƷı֣ӭȥ
ɱ
Ħ
ƣ
һέɽ
ƾ
Ὥɶɣ
ս˼ʮغϣƾԼɱоȴɽһһ⣬ƵֹͣսΧʶɽ˶Ȳѣû뵽ʵ˾ȻôԱ˺ƾ
ãܺãû뵽ز©ʧٰ˳йأƾ޹⣬漴ݡ
ߣ򲻹ͳݣ涪ѪɽΪ⣬ս뻳źƾ΢вм֮⡣


66 ս
ʱѾ˹վںƾ󡣿ܵܳ˿Ҳ޹⣬жʱһ漴ߵɽǰ
ӳô簡ȻǳѪ쿴һɽ漴Ŀ⿴ɽˣڿʱüͷ΢΢һ¡
ӳ󣬲ɽݷѪ̫ɽ۸ɽղսʤ˺ƾ˼ֵҲ죬ػӦ
Ŷе˼Ǿĸаɣ⣬û뵽ɽȻôӲҶײԼֽѵһ¶Է
漴첻ɽͬ⣬ԼƷѪ˲ɱɽ
ɽѸὣӦȻĽиǺֻʮغϣˣҪҲԼˡ
һ־ɱУ飬ۿѪҪɽĺˡ

ڴʱɽĽһָմУ֣ҲǱֱ۷飬һ漴죬֡
Ȼи֣˭׾Ǹˣ춢ɻȴżЦݣһϺĸо
ҳɽҰ֮ˣȻʶ쵭ػӦʵղŵһָҲԼ˳ɵĹ
µļղһʱֽ̼УĻ΢΢ü漴һ䣬ӽ
ɱǧأ
첻ΪȻʩչ˲䣬һӰŵϵҶ˺죬֮
أ
㿪˽ȴûͣ£ֱץ
һвУۿ־ҪץԼˣҲļһתٴĲӡ
Ѹٵͷʩչѩת۱㵽˺Ҳ࣬צץס˺һȭڶԷؿϣСǡ֮𣬹ͷѡ
ʹѸֱֻһдơ
أ
ƴֱӴ˺ƹǣͬʱԷ壬Ѫɽ˲ֿ
岽
Χ۵˴󾪣ЩվǰߵĸҲ⣬һ֮ǾȻôǿʵǿᣬȲ˺Ļ񣬲ǿֻǳ˵С죬֮£ѪͷҲѼ飬ȻҲʲôˡ
ǿ̷˼öҩ죬ɫ쳣
ҲǣɫӦԷʵȷʵǿԼŹͶԷУռơ
ܺãһȫԸݵ˵漴ʮɹ˹
ƣ
Ѫƾ
һգ
ٽ꣡
Ҳʵ˵ãḻнʩչҲӦƾ㼼ɾһ֮ƾŻռϷ硣
ʱʩչӰǿӦԷȻмӡ
ǧգ
ƣ
ռϷ磬ԷƱ岽
ãǿһУֻأ
Ӱն죬ɱ죬һСģɥ¡
Ȼ壬˫ȷŶڵ棬ֱǰתղ񹦻ֳ˷ӷ̶࣬˳ȥ
ǧ
ǧӰգ˲ϮĽͬʱȥƲ˺ϡ
䣡
ֱӱʮ֮ԶѪգѪֵڵϡ
ơ
ţ壬ڽѪ粻ֹ죬˵ֺ󣬱һض
쿴ˣ漴һɫףȻղŵһƣľ˴Щѡ
ŷ廪״ǰڵأ˿ƺֻɫãûд󰭣֪ǷĶ
̷˼öŷ廪ļϣתָ
ʱΧը˹˿һ죬ֿһϵʬ壬̾ЩɷҲ⣬ǰ̫ǿˣԽսһɱ֣ǴĺĵӰɣ
ƾȴ˵ʬ壬һˣŶӡ
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ţɷһ֮ߣʮ֮ߣ˸֮ߣ֮Ĺʮλ֮ģ֪ж١Щ߶콫ҪԵģôǿжȡղݣһ첻Щͷʹ
ȥˣ¸߲ûм٣࣬Ǽλ쿴ˣСĵˣȴûκټ
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һָо˫۾ڿԼԼ޷ԷӰ
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һ֮޺Ӱʶɨ϶Ƕ׵ޣûи߽׵ġ΢΢üƺǺǿ
ڴҵУ˽⵽ʱô¡ԭֻǵһǿȺںߡһЩֲ޻δԼǷǰȥѪƷڿռָü춼ûѪˡ
ΧѾ޳սһ޺źײҽ˷ڶͽ߲ëȻ
ιȥֽ֫⣬Ѫɽ޵һѣʵһȺ
ӿռָó˺ƣǰȥսһȦ
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ţȥҲȼ˻ӦֱŷӰϮ޳
˻δӦ㲻Ӱ̶뿴ɽ
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˭ôͣսеߴ󾪣Ȼôǿ߼սֱǻȺ


67 ɱ
ɲǣɱ¾֮УޱķֻͦƬ̱㳬Խˣսǰ档ǰĺƽܵѪҺ˹۵ǰ·һѪˣޱѪ֮Уֲ쳣ֶ˵ǹޱȡ
ʱȥˣ֪ɱ˶ޣ˶Ѫֻ߹ĵط˷ɵʬɽⲻ޸е־壬ߵҲǾ֡
һɱ
ǰʧ첻ΪƺЩ˷ܡϽѪԼ˿δˡ
Գ߱ħǰֲ̿ޡ
һ߾ߵʬ£ɣǰֱӲʬɱ˹ȥ
һͼ
ĳޱߵɱ¾֮УƺʧԼﷺŹѪɫ
ʱңѾ˴룬һСȻӶȥĲǰոµ
¡¡
ٴβ޺졣
ڶ޳٣
쿴ǰ棬˷쳣ƺԽսԽ£ȿѪ
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治ɫڰգһֱȥ
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ħţ룬ǺޱϮֹӰֱӱȺϣģֱۻ߱ħһһߵ޵ˣȻѪ
ѪٶԽԽ죬ǰһֻɸߵҪʮϢʱ䣬ֻϢ
Զ⼫ĳ棬ɴ۾ЩɷĸҲ⡣
˻ԼͶ뵽սС
콥ˣĵһ˿ҫ֮ʱսһƬʬɽʬȻһѪɫ硣ڶ޳ˣվʬΧľд󺧣ԼȻʧأɱơ
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Ҳ⣬޳ѾƲ֮󣬵ᵽֻǲ֪жٶ׵ޡ
ղôܹ죬Ҳֲܿŷ廪죬ɫ쳣
ǱɱƣʧأɫϾⲻǸС⣬һСģʧңɱħ׹ħٲ
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תһһֳֳǹİ˳ߴ󺺣ʮ꣬üŨ񣬱ͷۣЦ˵ڴˣ쵹ЩӳƷսɱĴ֮һ֮ǿһ
Ҳ治ɫԷսʵ˵ãһǹһֻޡ
ȱȣ˭ɱĶ࣡죬սⰺȻ˷ޱȡ
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һȣǹɨȥһֻ׵ħƻ֮Զ಻߱ħնǰͨԳԳ촦
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ƣУӿռָȡƿʢźƣһƿ
ãӹƿ򿪾ʱ磬ڿУסѪζɫ󾪣漴ϲüͷЦȻþƣ
Ҳ췴Ӧֱͷƿڣ๾س
΢΢һЦо˲һɺ壬漴ƿҲ
㴼ޱȣ̹Ƭ֮˽ƾң漴˹
ҽɱ֮һսֵγƺƿսռָⶫȽ󣬵ҲǼϡٵƿӣֲʣԼ£ʾء
ҽ죬ɢһҲƽϣЦŻӦ
죡ãˣ´лֵܳЦһ
ãȻܡ
ȹȥˣиǿϮԼСģҪɾɱң漴챧ȭ
һ챧ȭ
ԶȥӰ΢̣¶Цݡ̶ƺ뵽ʲôĿȺѰţϢ㿴ɽˡ
Լͼһʱ֮죬Ȼ˼˵İΣҿǰȻ
Ҳ죬ս˹
ôսûΪɣɽеʵ
ûУ˺ƣǸ쵭ȻһЦ


68 ǿΧɱ
˵ͷ漴ԶղԽԽңƵһݳ֮ʱ޵ǱӦ
ĸʱһղݻ죬ǿ޻ϮҪ׼ɫأǿʶڵȻģһϮ
ǾԶ£ΣգԽշħȭУ쿴ˣһѵսвѱ
ţ˵ͷ⣬ɽɫʵ㻹Ҫս𣿡
һѵõĻᣬҪвĥԼƼɵ
Ȼ漴ο˼䣬漴뿪죬ƫƧĽȥ
ղıȶУնɱֻ߽׵ޣͬս¶ѡķֽţǿնɱѡֻǲ֪߽ϼͶսʵΣԼܷնɱʤ֮
޳йƻսޣԼȻҪȫԸѱ
Զ˺¡¡ı޵ĺ
Ĳ޳٣
ʱЩҲɷҲԶϮޡ
ȵֻ߽׵˫βħЫۻ룬ŵĶסס߽׵޶Уֻƺƴ󣬱纣Хһ㡣
ȫӿȥɱޡҲȺУȻ壬ɱȥ
սüޱȣ֮˴룬̫ء
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޺һֻʮɸߵĻƻԾ߹֮ҲǱ˲٣ȫ죬սϵľǶ˽ޣս֮һ㲻ֻ֣оϵ߷һս
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мֻ˽׵޸˹ֱҲӭȥ
ڸһֻ߽׵ۻսһʮϢ֮һ˻һȣʹĲҽһ֮Ӷ˼޵ʩչ˻ͷϣ֮һΪۻ룬ڱɱ
δüһԶգһƬӰϢѵͷչ֮㣬ա
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Զм֮߱˹ΧƵսһˣƵƺδˣǼȻҲˡ
Щ߶ڿս޷֮ƥУƵÿϮ֮󣬱ϸ߿գĹƻޱȣѶԸ
쿴˴㣬ѸٿƵ񣬳䲻԰˳ʩչȼľѸޱȵն˶Է֮ϡ
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ʮɸߵӰǶŽ׵ʴʯϣƶ⣬ѶԸ
ۿʮ֮ҲɫأƬ̲ͣɱȥʱͣ༶սĿǰԲģɱ˼ֻ߽֮˻£עղϡ
һ᲻ȥɷĸֺԼûκλᡣ
ʱ䣬ֻŽޱɱˣʮȻûˣȴƣַƵޣҪɱ÷һ
ٹƬ̣һղݾͻ죬ֲ޾ͻ٣˼ȼֵ
𣡡
ˣһֻʮɵƱɱ֮ɽʯѣľ㵹ݣսϵĵͽ˫ȷ
ƱȻޣƫСսȴǿٶȷӦ죬һޡ
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갣㹥ߣߴĺӶС˵ԼƱɱȥأ㹥ұߣ
ãһӦ漴ҷֿɱȥ
վǰأһעսһղݡ
˵սȷʵˣƱǿҲܲס˶࣬һӺ󣬱Ǹۡ
ȻɷĸҲòȥ·ãǱ
ɱɱ갴һӵն˹ȥ
սսأսǴһеսбס
ص򣡡һӣƺʮ꣬ЦݣǴʱҲɱڣеĳƱĸ
˵ޱȣ˺ϻƱԵֿ˲˼ˣҽ
ĿϷŹᣬٴתɱȥƱֿնԴϵһ۷׷ס
꣡գشһ
ţղݳ֮ǰӦû޵ˣ갿Զĵ˵
һղݾ͹УٵһЦǺǵĿս
ǾͶлλˣһλޣսȭл
߰ɣ
˲ղݣһ֮
Ȼ֮ղݳ죬սСؽװСҲĽѣȴҲ޿κΡ
ֻʵãȱ߾֮
ĿȻղϣһʱղݳ죬Ȼɷߡղݻʱ죬ʱûᣬȻʵʱҪԼĲ֡
С칵ͨˣСٶȿ죬ݣʱԼסˣСȥݣȻȫչӰܡ
Ȼʱһֻᣬɷȫ֮ɱҲЩСˡ
ǰʱȥˣղͬʱ죬갺С
ǷģʣղǲȡԼ˿ųϵĽߣΪЩݣѾɱ˼ʣˣǴѪųģʸղݡ


69 ʨ
ԣϲ콫ǰ׼һղݡȻɷĸֲ룬ôԼĻᣬҲ˵ײĸˣϾԼ˶࣬Գȡ
Ѿ׼׵ȫעһղݣ
ھղݳ컹вӣԶһ޺һͷɽ񱼶
ԼɱУ˲룡˿ɽһ£ƺĳЭ飬սųϵߵ
ʲô˻Ȼλæ´սϡ
˲˵ֱۣӱĿ
ɽһ׵ޣǰֻ̣սײ㣬ڶ춥ߺȫսʤ
ʮλ춥ҲεؿЦһ£漴컢սһ
컢ֻʮɸߣǿᣬһֱ嵽ղʮɲͣ£ϾôɱҲѵ
Ҳսˣһʵûղݣᡣ
һֱ˽ʱսֻʣ¶ʮ
컢Ҳˣ˻ţѪ졣˲ͣعš
ɾڴʱҶղȻ죬мҲս׷׳±ߡ
˲гС죬ղݡ˵עϣ˿ûע⵽ë׵Сһ
ǳ嵽ǰļ֮һСٶ̫ˣķӰҪ첻٣츳
˿Ҫ嵽ǰ֮ʱһӰһղݾͲˡ˴󾪣뿴ŻӰѵķ򣬺Ȼ֣һղݡ
콫ղݷ£ǲõģǰļ˴ţ彫ѸٽղװУڿռָ
𣡡
ղݱ࣬컢ŭţȴΧսԴΧսҲƺǣϢǽ֮ɱ̳졣
˿̱Ƚ鷳ǰʮǿߣһվһ𣬿ǲ֮նɱһƻ±ߣȥ
ŭڽѪ͵ϮԼ֮ˣ漴üͷ΢벻ԷȻԼһֱĹˡ
㣡ƽϢղ񹦺ͽ󹦣ؿʼʩչʨӺ֪Ϊղݣɹ˶ҪԼ
ģýƣֳ˵ķӰ
ңϴξȻƭˣҲǲ㱻ƭҿ似㣬οûô˱ƽ죬ȭؿڣƺϴ˵ġ
쿴ԷȭͷѾ쵽ԼؿˣȻſڱǴ޾Х
𣡡
ʨӺƥݿ࣬أ˵߱ʶ֮˺ѣɳȥѪգҲˣʮ֮ļˣɫףѪ
ÿֲʵ
ǿĹ
ʶǿ̫࣬벻Ͼ
ԶλɷĸҲǺȻֵؿ졣Զ߶Ŷ䣬͵ѾÿѪ
ղѾ˻ˣѪɽµɶȥڵȥһ̣˹˵ס
һʮ꣬иӡǣܹ졣ֻϢͻˡ˵ȫһڼԼ㾡ȫʹʨӺľ޷ôǿػ׹֮С
ɽ˾ԶһǾȲѣɿ£㽹֣ʫſǻҪǰȥǱɽסˡ
嶯ǰﲻæֻƽ£ɽɫأޱʹϧص˵ز˾뿪˵
켸ĵŽ䣬뿪ս
Ȼϧ˲ɷĸҲ̾Ϣѣôһ츳Ⱥ꣬Ȼˡµ²֪жʲôΣգǶ֪
Ҳɫ԰ף̾ѣòôһӢۣôûˡ
˵Ϣң˲٣ʵʱɱһ֮߶ءɳ˼Ѫ±ߣ漴һЦ˼öҩڵˡ
ûǰܶսӶ֪ȥǡ
һղݣ±߻꣬ҲƽϢһ졣

죬ѣѣ
С죬վϣʹҡ졣ǰ±ϳһǧ׳쵱ʱϡ֪˶ãСӿռָ쾹Ȼڴ˴ԡ
ë׵Сצʹҡţ漴뵽ʲôǷ
֮СŬڼЧˡ
ȿȣ
ɫ԰ףò۾ؿǰĳ
ԼȻڰɽϣ¶Ԩף±
С죬ȣ־һΣСżӣжѣÿԼԣС콫ԼѡԼ˴δѲԼ
ʱ˶ˣŴӿռָóһƿȥ
˿̣ȫޣˣȽƸԭ˿˴ţָò˶೤ʱ䡣ҪǣһԼʵֿԸһ
˵ʵǿ֮һҲѶãϾߣʵССķƵ۹Աġ
ĽղȻȫǲδܴﵽСɡһߵĹǿԳܵˡˣɥȪ
ڣʱԼѺõ߰˰ˡ㿪ʼϣתʼָ
һʱڵָƺҲһЩСС֮ҲԶˡ
֮ǰƺõĿ죬һЩˣԼ׷֣úúõһ£Ѹת׽еİ
֮ƺǺˣҲżԾϣ𹦷
ǽղ񹦣һʱȻ˲ʱ
쿪ʼӰⲿΪأޱȣлĹڵԼ޷͸
µľģȤܴƾغŲ͸ˣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬һһֹ
ʱ任һƣ˺ϱϣԴ֧ţҽҲţ岿λա
⻹׽֮˵ЧãԼٵתڡ
ģʱΧĿռƺӦǰ١ֹͣкСһ㿪ʼ˳ɽϵȥ
ȥпﵽжԼʶ̽ɽԨƺֹԼʶһ̽ɣͱ裬ֱߵĸо
Īǵĳֶʶģ
ٶȺԻһʱŵȵףԼǿôԼɣǺܸߡ


70 ǧʯ
ʱ֪Ϊʲôʶ޷ˣԭﳤҩ黨ҩʶݵҪ֮һ
ȻǶҩֵǺܸߣҪ;ƶѡ
쵹ǲںȫԽ˿ռָԼòȥȡʯ
һʱϯɽȵĻ黨ʧǣټһɽȣȻûݡ
촩ڹУǰ濪ˣԽԽԿһ˿⡣
ʱƵɽȣ￪ضΡкܶȻȴҲǳ伢ʵļƷСŵζһ˿ռָ˹
ҲȥԼһȥʶ̽һɽû޵Ϣ
˹ȥƬ̱㵽ɽڡ˴ĻȽأʺϾסʻʢӢͷףڵϷһЩ޵㼣ͽСֻ࣬һҰޣӡĴС²⵽
죡ȵңŵ޵ϢʱС۵
Ŷ㻹ҾȻû˿оüͷ΢һ£漴Ȼò̾С츳Լ澳ǿߵʶȴ˿޵ϢСһӾ͸оˣò̾컯֮档
ǽȥɣ˵кöأһ£СһﱧԼļϣ˵ţ㿴Сӣƺڻɽ߽
εҡһͷһֻСһﰡ
ɽߣûһ˿ĺۼȻɣĹϳݣϲҩģȴҲʮϡٵֲ
Һܳӽɣûʶ̽⣬ΪһЩֲԸʶ̽顣
սɾûйˣƬ֮ǰ߽Ҳ
йȣ
벻ɽȻͨģ滹һԴ
⻹һΪɽȣʻʢ磬дУʤգ쿴ҩģϡһҩ
Ǹõط
ľûзղСо޴ڣòһЩ
עϢ촫С죬ȻԼתϢ֮ԼϢ
߽УʶţܿҵɽȵˡԼ֮ԶĴ£һֻһߵޡ
Ȼͱ޲Զˣ췴СˣΪ֪ʲôޡ
߽ޣħԳ
ײİޣٶȿ죬ǿ֣Ⱥǰޣ
Ȼսǿȴûһ˿տսʤҲ֮ʱ򣬿֮һս
ȻˣȴûΪֶжôǿҲΪжô߼ҩ̽鵽˾Լʮɲһɽһص
ǱʶΪⶫаһҪȡ
첢ûмŽɽǱ۲ŽħԳľٶ˴ɽȾһֻޣǶС
ħԳ˿̲֪Լĵ̣Ŀ˯ףұ죬Ŵ
нңʮϢ֮󣬱ŵɽȥͬʱ۲Χı仯
ˣϢ֮㵽ɽڣħԳȻ˯
С˼£Сһ̻⣬ϻص˿ռָ
δͣʶ˲ͷţɽɨһ顣һȻɽռ䲻ʮҼûֲȴһֱ˳ߵˮݡ
ĵ߽ˮݣǰľ
ˮݵˮʰ͸״ƺҺһ㣬ݱһ͹ʯаɫֱðһɫҺɣƺҪˮˮںϡ
ǧʯ飡
ϡеαȻμģǹЧܺáߵԸõش壬Ȼ٣ǿ
ˮɫʯʯٶȣˮѾںǧʯ顣һһΣмǧΣȷȻ˵
ȱִԼʯȫգԼǿȻһҲղҲﵽСɣ
Ҳ
ϲԽѸٽ£ؽˮڵءϵˮպû򣬲мˮֱһˮء
ݵ׽Ϊƽ̹ˮǻǵģʶ̽ףΪǧʯϢʶ굽ˮףϵ˻Ҳǲ
ûԥʶȫʯһʯʶƵˮһǧʯ飬аٽ֮أϾǧʯľڡ
Ϣʼתͷð˰дʹĸо
ָоԽԽǿң·ԼߵƤǱĸоȴաǼΪŹֵĸо첢֪ʯԼָоƽľּ尾
ģʹԽԽңļƺЩӲë״еѪ˿ˮаɫʯҲǻϸ˿ëױڡ
첻תغ飬ֻмǧʯ飬غյĻԼľֻмˣòҵôһֱô˷ˡ
Ȼغ˲һ˷ѣҲʱ첻֪ÿкö඼غˡȻԼҲ޷ô࣬İᰲȫܶࡣ
ϴһųϵӸˣԼĻǱɡһֻС磬ʵ˷
ԣƾԼıǧʯ飬Ҫʱ᳤һЩ£ɱҪܶࡣ
ƣȫǧǧʯ飬Լٻ֮
һȥˣǧʯ飬ĿǰΪֹֻʮ֮һҡ
˿̵ȻһѪˣëѪ˿ճƤϣĿ쳣ֲ
ģȥˣˮɫһЩڳ룬ˮͷߣǳرԼ·˭Ҳᷢˮˡ
ˮҲ΢ЩɫֻǺܵȻѪҺȾɵġ
죬˭Ҳ֪쾿˶ļ尾ǧʯ壬Ƥͼʹȫ⣬ʹȴܾĥп಻ܡ
˿ĵоۼſ񱩵вȴҧ֣ȴ壬Ȼ硣
ļ֣Ȼ˾ͷͻƾ磬ȻᱬƣҲѡȻһ취΢תһغ飬ᱻȥ졣ɲôҪ͵ޣȻͻƣԼջһЩ


71 
˿̣еǧʯѾ˰˳ɣδաȻҲðȻգԼͻ֮ҲҪģɵԼȹ̾硣
ͻƣͻ֮ǰһЩ׼ϾиֲǿУͻ֮ʱ֣鷳ɾʹˡ
ͻ֮ʱҪȶĻʱжʱڣǵ˳룬ͻƲˣпı飬ɷˡ
Ҫȶ̬
̬־ǷǳǿģⲢζĴš
ԼڳصͻƣħԳҲֲˣΨһԼ·ڳرߣһĿȻħԳ϶ֵᷢġ
ֹͣתʶһ·սռָȻٳˮףʼ׼ͻơ
ŵеĿȫľߣΧҲǷӵڳˮϷ
أеԽԽǿңˮȴǵҲ뵽ˮУ뼤һֱһҵС
ĶȻСħԳȻˣһ˯ô죬Ĳѣɻ
ħԳһԾȿɽ˴Ϣ֮ȴȻǹı
˲ڣŶзӿɻ߽УˮأȴûзʲôпʯҲûʲôرķ֣漴ڳرԶųˮ۾գһ¡
ɻӣ֪ûзĴڣӿڸˮɫı仯ǣȻѷ⡣
첢֪ħԳھԼ֮ԶԼ˿Ѿ붨״̬УһתŽղ񹦣еתھתһһ졣
ʱȥˣˮϷֳɸߵĽɫӰ޺࣬ׯ£ƺ˲ɽǽ
ħԳƸˣȻ֣ö˶˵ĳУôԥأ˳ɽվʮ֮⣬ԶԶŶڣȥǻ
ɲ֪ԼķӰܽħԳΪԼһ˿вתŵеһʱ֮еתȻ˲ȫľС
䣡
һ죬·ϰе˲٣ͨ˵ת
ȻѾͻƵ֮ˣ
ʱĵﲢδֹͣתѸٻܣͬЩδյǧʯ飬һ˵֮УǴתĵ֮С
ڵ쳣ңħԳԶԶŶڣǻ۶֡
һȥˣ쵤е۵һٽ㣬Ѿ޷ڼˡȻȻתתӯ֫ٺľ֮С
һӹȥˣĵַˡ䡱һʼת
֮
ӴС硣Ԥ֮УҪǽЩԼյ֣ƣƴʱѾǽӽɷˡ
ͻƣһĶࡣľĿȣͨ˵ʮȻĶˡ
ͻƵ֮ĵﲢδֹͣתôԴ˷ѣңƽʱѹƵ̫ǿʱǿңȻ˷ô
Էſغ鶼ô
еǧʯѾմΧҲ
һȥˣеƽϢ쵤еҲȶֹͣϴȥϵѪϳرߡ˿ӺЬϵˮȻó
˿̵죬Ѿ֮кڣޱȣʶôࡣ
ϾڵʶȻ棬ǷΧһʮȻǸо΢
쿴ɽ֮⣬ԼղŴˮһ˲䣬ϢţħԳѾ쵽ˣóȥѡ
ħԳоǿϢ֪ʲôĴڣϴαķܣ˿̻Ǿδʹߡ
˲䣬㿴Ӷڳһ࣬漴ŭ뵽ӦȡԼʲô֮ġ
쿴ħԳ۾һ˿˷ܣ漴šԼ֮ħԳһǳõĥ֣ԼѾ֮ˣħԳȻѾԼĶ֡
ԼԽѹƵ֮֮һսȹԼʵ
뵽˲佫ԼľѹƵ֮첻ͣԼ񱼶ĽħԳ
ûʩչκ似ҲûȫǻȭżɼһС͵һħԳսһ
أ
ѣ

߶Դ˽ʱ첢δȫ֮ս¡
ħԳԽսԽ壬ȴԽսԽ˷ܣһʱȥˣͣħԳ˵ԼĶǻصԼͻƵɽ
ղŵһսĵãûȥ˼һħԳһֱڴˣԾȥսʵսɺ;顣
صɽ㿪ʼ˷˵ġ״̬
νĲɢңרעһ˼ֹϢʹƽǷҵҪзһ㺬壺ָͨļ˼ǵָϰõģչ˵ļӶҲͱ˿ʹ߽߾粢ȫı״̬
ĴУļҵĴ֮ѧϰʮ֮󣬱ɷڵĴ֮õĴ֮˲Խһ״̬ҲǺ׽뽥Ͷ֮С
˿̣ĽղѾСɾ磬Դǧʯ֮ǿ˲٣ҲԵĽ
ĵһ׶ΣҪ֮һ˿ԴΪԴתȴ򡣳ԼĳֻԵõԶ˼Ը
ԼĽ󹦣ҲҪ֮ſɡңÿν󹦺͡ӰһʱǸо̺һǿĹ
ȻԼԺܸߣغ޷͸һ˿ѶϢԼʵɣֻԼԲ
첻ڴˣȻ޷͸ȷһţ׶Ĺһ¡
ˡӰİԽֹ似ڻͨɱȭĿǰɱǽʨӺ𣬶ǽʨӺĻҪ󹦲͸Сɾ磬Ժʱް
ڵأת󹦣ͬʱҲתӰģԳӰͷӷ࣬ׯ֡


72 С콻
һȥˣ컹ľ֮УķҲǽ˱仯ɵɣٵֽİɣӰԽԽʵԽԽǿ
ģȥˣָ״̬³һվŶȥ
ҪҽħԳ֣Էս츳ܶУսȱݡ
С죬ȥǸһ콫Сӿռָ˳
ֻСӣСȻǸסϲ֣ߣȻųԣ
СĻĶͷð˺ߣ˭Сӣ
죬˵ǰһԸԹأ㣬´ٳԣСȻǾʵ
ɣˣСһ֪ԣС죬ôֻ֪ҲѧѧޣԸȥɱ߻ޣǿԼ
Ҫǿˣ͵ԼȥɱޣǺ鷳СϿҵؿ죬㣬һ˯ѣԣǶԷ㣡
ôɴ۾СһֱˣȻ죬޶Ļë
ҲСҡСԴ
ޣһҪԺʲô鷳԰õң֪𣿡ḧСһԴ֣صص
ô鷳𣿡ССԴʵ
ںСѵˣ;ȹΣ
ŶС˵ͷֻҪ˯ͻǿģ
˯еģƽʱҲҪʵսϰŻǿ콫СڼϣңŻͬҪǿĻʵжġ
ţԺҲȥɱްɣСͷһ£漴˵ص
ţԺһ𿹵Уϴ͵ղϣ
ƺ뵽ʲôȻʵҪҪʲô似кܶģ
õģҲķţķŴԺžȼߣһ㸴գѪĹ似֣С͵
Ѫ似ô棿첻Ȼ
ţеģģҪҪСŴ۾۵ʵ
ˣҹˣԺҪҪæܾȻ޲ķţôҲһ޵ķţԼ似ˣʱҪ
ˣ
һ㵽˽ħԳĶֹڣֱӶŶڴһԼƬ֮󣬽ħԳҲǻӦһ˳
𣡡
ǰ࣬Ƿŭ֣Ҳ룬ֱӳ˹
һԿţУ콫СԼսħԳ
ħԳС죬ɫһ˿ɻǸоǿҵѪѹôߵȵĴڣôһǲ⡣
С쿴ŽħԳδ˿£ֱһԣʯͷϣҧŰħԳս
컹û似Ҳѹ˾ħԳս
εսʱǽħԳսˣԽԼսѹˣҪȡ򣬾ͱս
ħԳһܺõԼǧ򲻿ɴ
ʱ쾫ȣħԳȻƣ˲ȭͷ
̻صԼɽħԳҲӻԼĶСȴħԳȥˣǳڽ֮УȻС졣
һȥˣ컹ľţֱת
⣡СΣգһѹƺʲôˣֻ˲䣬С졣
Լǰи򣬾ȻС죬鷳ˣ᲻ᱻħԳɱˡ
Īسһ˿ҡ
СԼôˣԼĹϵΪܣֵ֮飬ǽħԳ˺С죬ģὫʬΣԺħԳһ壬ɱ⣡
˼ͻȻͣԼղŵܴ̬ȡƺ˲䱻ɱ֣˲ʧء
ȶľ֮ſʼ߳ɽ
Сǳٶֿ죬ټѪϣħԳӦòκε
С죡С죡ֻǳɽ󣬱оߵϢʶҲ첻ƺɽ
ʱļˣô޶أ
ʼųڱȥֻ˼㿴ħԳ˽ͷһƬҶӣñһĵͽСħԳļϣҧŰͮͮĹӣǵĹһߡ
˾ŵıͬʱҲǲ֣벻СһôħԳһƬˣƺܴ
죬ħԳƺЩ£СͲһˣಡһ£ӽħԳļֱӱ졣
죬Ӻ𣬸㣡СצһͮͮõĹӣ죬İȴûȥ˵
ô£ЦŽӹӣϲ˼£ҧ
ȷʵޱȣڼ򡣴˹ΪһһٵĹЧ
Сս֮ұȥ˶ɱ˳ģƺңңԣҾͷŹˣСָŽħԳ˵
С𣿡쾪첻ѣû뵽С쾹Ȼһ˸ôԵ֣֣
ţҿëǽɫģ͸ΪСôɣСЦš
ֺܺãܴһССԴ
⼸춼֮ȥ棬ȥԣööĹӰúó԰СĹ۾ðǣ죬Ҫȫժˣԣ
ðɣ㣡εӦ
죬ԺɱСòãǲˣҹӳԣҺܺãСͻȻץӣҡ˵
ãģԺɱˣҲСһҲǺܸжңҲûɱħԳ
̫ˣС첻ɱˣˣĻӦС˷쳣˲ܵħԳǰź
ħԳƺʲô£Ҳ˷ܵغͷҶеҲǵڵϣš
ȷʵֲļһħԳǺܺµģ˭֪᲻ɱԼԼӲˡңԼļңԼ뿪
ǰֻ飬ĪĸжǶ֮ĵ꣬ǰ㸴ӡ
ħԳ˼ͣȻץһ죬˹ߺߣؽš
Ȼ˵ʲôǶ˼ˣóһ˹
лˣ
ŽħԳֵ漴С죬ϵȫװڴȻСĸ첲ϡ
СϲԹӣЩأװ˷ѣװڴò


73 ǿħԳ
ңȡԲʶСҲܶࡣԼնɱߣ˲ٴⶫԼô󣬿ռСֻмѡ
С쿴Լһ˵ڵϷţºˣ˴ضԽƬĹȫ¡
תһ½ħԳȻһĴ߼ĿռԼңħԳʹõġ
ӴŵģֻҪһԽסҪʱֻҪһھУǷ㣬Ϻܺã𻵡
ħԳʾ˺üΣѧʹôȻС컹Ҫ˷ܣһɸߵ壬ɽзŸֺ
оħԳԲ츳ֺãһ⡣
ħԳʱֻܺԼ򵥵ؽЩҪͨСЭ̲С
С죬СʵߵСǰԼ˼˵˳
ģ̫ˣСʵˣͲ۸ˣС˷ܵص
۸𣿡üͷԼΪطͽħԳһֻޣû뵽ǿĴڡ
ţС˵ﲻԶһֻƻǿһЩɧԼÿζᱻԷˣҿɽȱȽأŵѣСƺߡ
ƻǿǶŽ׵ޣ˵սڶŽеȲΣǶս߽׵ĽħԳкܴյġ
ħԳڶĶ߽ޣսϵȵĶ˽ףҲκβ˶Ž׵Ļƻ
СһὫսߵģЩȥƻһˣƺЩ˷ܣŽ׵ޣ֪Լϻô
սڶŽ׵ޣԼֶһ޿ɱȵġ
СܵħԳߣѽѽ˵һѻȻ㿴ħԳ쳤ХһĴԼظڵţĿӶ
Ƭ֮󣬽ħԳͣߵǰڵϣ조ߣͣȴǰȻţٴˣҲʲô˼
С˵ܸˣܸл㣬㾡ǿС쿴һı飬˲׹㷭
ţôھͿʼɣŽħԳ˵
С조ѽѽ˼䣬漴޶졣
ӿռָóһУ֮һȵĽɢǿҵ
ݣ
׸߼ݣڽԵǿãƽԪǿߵȺͺȣ硣
ԪһֽԵ׵ҩҪڽʵߣǿ壬Ҳ硣
ħԳǽԵޣĿǰֻǶ߽׶ѣǷʳһ껯ݣͿԽȽŽϣǽħԳԳûݵҩԣ۷Ҳпܡ
е껯ݣɽãԼҲȽҪΪнԣǽ껯ݶƳɽԪգôʵһ
֮Уɱսǿ乥ԣ˵ܴϰľ棬ǽԵĹֶΣɱȭҲˡ
ϵҩϣϿƳԪȻż뼸ָҩģԪҩһزСңý֮ߣԪƷԼĿǰܴﵽĶ塣
ҩƳɵҩҩԵʣȥһЩҩԭеĸãȻҲὫҩĵĳһԸȥˡҲˣƳɽԪ󣬻Իʧȥһ֣ʳĻǿҵҩԻһ絶Ĵ̼ʹ̣ңҲһԼ⡣
С죬Ҫһ껯գлʹУͼסһ껯ݣС˵ÿ޶ҩķħԳض֪ôȥ
СĻħԳӹݣ˷ܵغֻССĻݣ۾ž⡣
ħԳǰᣬȻֱӴһ껯ݾͱˡȻڵϣ۾
һӺ󣬽ħԳ͵۾ХԾһʯǰȻĴʹĴżӲʯ棬


ҩˣħԳӦûַͨʽҩ츳ʹȻ
ʱĺֹͣˣħԳʼԼĳɵʯϣ۾ʼǿ
۲˰ʱƽħԳҪȫջݵҩҪʱ䣬ԼýЩʱ䣬Ŭ
ϴղݣûзãǸʱýռ⾳
С죬￴СȥɽղݣûʲôµĻͲҪңСһѸٻصɽ
ڵϣӿռָóһУش򿪣һɫժҶݳǰͬʱɢһصϢ
ȻСղݣ
첢֪ôղݣһ£̷֮ȥͬʱʶʹԼһ֮ϸһ˿ռ⾳
һӺղݵҩʼˣȵתľ͵֮УغҲתϾĽݣȻǳ֮ڿռ⾳δע⵽Щ񱩵һֱ죬ŽƽϢ
ȴͻƵ֮ȴĲͻƽΪ֮ǰѾͻ磬ԼֽٶȻᵼ¸ȱҪ֮սС
ǰһ裬Լռ⾳ղĽݣٿʹͻƼСġҺãغ飬Ļ˿˵Ѿɷˡ
ˣҲ޿κΣֻԺ㣬뷨跨Լľʵ
ãغղݵ͸ҩԣһЩĶԼоʶռ⾳塣
һ״̬ʶ仯ţ·ҡҷҲڽɫĺϣռڱ仯ţСͽλҲڱ任ţһߣһһλá
֮ϵ֮壬ҲԪȴһֱ֮ϣڣׯϡ
ǿռ⾳
Ȼ£ջһ˿ռ⾳
ѵõĶ״̬Ȼʹ˽ҹȫͶ֮ϸŸղŸ򵽵һ˿ռ⾳
Ŵ֮أȻֶԶһСʯͷһӣСʯͷ䰵ƺԭֻһӰѡ
ͣڤһӣ漴ԼҲǰ˼ֱӴǰߵʯ·ûһ㡣
ǿռ⾳
Ŀռ⾳ֻƤëѣԼıӰĿռ⾳ﵽСɣƾƶߵľ룬֮λñ任
һõ𲽣ԣ͸ռ⾳¡


74 սħԳ
һһԼ壬ûκ⣬߳ɽ
СںͽħԳϷɽһһڵǰ
죬ֱǿˣСһͷɻص
ţٴͻƣ콫С챧ڼϣص
СҲǿ˲٣Сƺ뵽ʲôָŽħԳ
ţ
Ϳ˽ħԳı仯ҲǾȲѡ
ʱĽħԳ仯ν󡣸ͷԭСһ࣬ϵëȫ˵ɫԭȺɫۿʱǽɫ۾ʱԭеһ˿ħԵȻ޴棬ʥơ
ʲôħԳӦýнԳ
ѹȻǶ޵ƣһЩޡ
ϲ㣬С𣡡쵭ȻһЦŽħԳ
𣡡ħԳԼţһ漴߸ͣҲʲô˼
С˵Ҫлл㣬Ҫ㣬ҲôǿС֪첻ħԳĻ漴
㽫ȫˣ̽ʵϾݣֻħԳô
СĻħԳ֮ħԳҡŽɫĴԴǺһѻ
ֻһ֣ȫҪʱ䣡
СĻȻˣҩǿԼͻɷʱýԪԸƷʵƽ絤Խ
ƽ絤ڷ޾ļ֪ģǰͻƾıرҩֽ񵤷ʧƳ˵ҩ
ЩȸһߣҲͻƵ֮ĺڣҸֶһһ¾磬ʵС
С죬ҸͻƣҪʩչȹ̸Сȫң飡С֣صص
С΢˼һ£ͷӦȻ˼תħԳ
ħԳҲǸսӣ֮ǰδս԰ܱգʱԼʵ޴ӦÿԴ˰ɡ
漴˷ܵ󺿣ظ졣ûд⣬˿̵ûѹƾ磬ȴҲûħԳսһ
ⳡԳʱ߶ȫʩΪ켼һѹħԳһء߶Щ᲻صˣȻ⻹ָħԳЩ˲ֵһᣬǿȫû⡣
ħԳһЩͽ˵ݸ죬Ȭ
ңⳡսľȹ࣬ħԳ˻ᣬһֻݵҩ
ħԳһս漴ɽȣҵһʯɽʯڣʩչԼ似һʱ䣬ݺᣬ춯أʯ˼ȭӡӡָӡһЩսۼ
һֱʯͷս죬ȥ˰СʯɽŪӿݵģͣڸоˣǳȹˡ
㲻ٵľ֮µĸȡ͸֧ĶȫԹΪֻһЩս顣첢ħԳսÿζվ顣
صɽкٴκͽħԳսһսһ죬ڶսʱս˲ʱħԳˣƺˣ治ףô£죬ôǿˣԭԼ֧һЩʱ䣬һսԼȫû˵ֿ
ʵ̫ǿˣ
ʱһս񣬱ϽħԳС죬ȥһƻȥˡ
СҪԼȥһԸڵʵԴͷȥƻ·ϣԽħԳ
ߺߣ
ħԳŽհţɱ죬ƺ˵һҪֻè
һʱ֮˻ƻĶǰʶһţоɽвҩ
С𣬽󣡡
ʾһ£ħԳɽڣһԾɸߵȻʯһȭ飬ʯɽ˲侪˯Ļƻ
𣡡
һĻХɽﴫ˳öϵʯ
һֻʮɸߵľ޴ϻӶȫë죬˳ȵϢ
ǰ߾ȻһֻƴĺӣƺЩ죬һһСĿԺԵĶƻŭ죬ƺԼܵ衣
ôСļһﾹȻ
ƻŽħԳһӦħԳĺ
С𴷴ţ˲ƻڶԷûзӦѾԾʮɸߵĻͷϡ
ȻνСȷʵȻƻǿɫȭͷڻͷ֮ϣءһѪĽ
𡭡
ƻһҽУʼڵҴѪֱðԴ뽫ħԳ˦ǶԷץýģԼֻǰ׷
ħԳһɹ㲻֣ͣȭ㣬ڻƻϴšĹĶ𣬼ŻƻĲҽʱĻƻһŽ޵ƣֱһֻҰèħԳš
ҽеĻƻ֮£ſһɻ棬սΧȼˡԱߵľȼѸͣϢ֮󣬱ʮ֮ߣΧʮ֮ѾһƬ𺣡
ƻڵϣ뽫ħԳѹֻǽħԳëգκβá
ƻ޷ɱħԳܹ߱ƺǴһ
׻ƻͼ˿壬һɱȭ˲ƻ֮ľ޴ȭͷӰ֮ʹǰն̮ˡ
ħԳȫˣѸٴԶԶܿƻ֪ϱĹʹȻײɱȭȭӰ֮ϡ
䣡

ƻ˲䱻ʮ֮ԶԴķѣֱӳһֻè
ʩչɱȭ߳ɵһó˺ƣʾС콫ƻˣȻƻʬ壬ֻһգۣϺʬϵѪ㱻˽ȥʮϢ֮ƻһ߸ʬ
ħԳ˾֣С
죬˷ôè⣬һСԿèأС쿴ǰʳɷ漴ĽħԳһۣѽѽ˼䣬ŵŵСˣ
ˣǸ´ٲ㣡첻˼ػӦ漴ŽħԳС㿴ƻẦ𣿡
ߺߣ
ħԳŽӲӵԴĿ־֮ɫ
ô£ɻ󣬿ƺӦ
˵Ҳ֪ô£һ־ϢС콫ħԳ˼ת졣
üͷ΢漴С㲻ио
ţûʲôоһѪĶĵѣ޻ɣСԼСţȻ
첻ˣһɨ⣬û뵽СһﾹȻᴵţˣĪҲ츳ɡԼᴵţСĺܶоֹѧģⴵţı¡


75 
쵭ȻһЦ̶ƻĶʩչѩ˲㵽˶ڡ
ɽһƷײҩȡˡ
ƻĶܴ󣬰ɶĿռ䣬Ľһ׵ĻԪݣֻǻûг죬콫֮ƽԼĿռָȻѻƻڻԪݵԱߡ
ԪҪƻͻԵǻƻһûлԵԪݳʱʮǻƻ̺ԴԴϵĲԪݡ
Ԫ׸߼ݣƻԪ֮һԪԻʵãǿԡԵĹߣͨԪֱüС磬澳߶õ
ѾоףԪ˵пޣԼãҲһݴ
˵ԼҪԪأ
һУ޻صйȡ
ʱսĴ٣һֱû£֮ȴˣúúϰһ²С
ӷ޾ļһʱˣԼһС֣ʹ֮ʱǴ֣߳뻯ϾǹʱĶ֮ҪϵĲС
ӲǶģغİĿԽ
ʹõļַЩȻǻһЩεİ壬ҪĲӲиһʱ;ڤ룬˼似ԶҲԽֻǽ򣬲Żа
һȥˣ춼ڲʱſʼƵҩ
϶࣬ͽ׵Ļʼ֤
ȥˣͣ⼸죬ܹöҩ׵ҩǧöȻ࣬ƷʲǴﵽƷеƣǺ
ֽһˣ
ɽѾˣ˵ʵڵģ֪ԼڴʲôλЩæǳȥˡ
ǳȥʱˣԼʵܸߣӦûˡǴĵطǸ÷ԼҪ½ϴһƬأ뵽½ȺС
ʱţǷӦüһţͲԼһˡɺˣɣԸš
СС˵Լ뷨
Ҵ뿪࣬ǻؼҵʱˣ쿴Ŷޣƽصô
СħԳѽѽһ㿴ҿ϶ǸˣС˵Сﳤ󣬲뿪
쿴ŽħԳ쵽еһ˿ˡԳ౻ȺԶȴֻʣСһֻš
İɣ᲻뿪лһ˿ģСı۰򣬵ص
СһߣСһֱԼԼǾһáСֻޣɱС죬Ҫ˸棬йȣС˸飬뿪ˣֹ¶ˡ
С˿ҲʮֲᣬСѽѽĸͣ
Ǻðɣھߣ첻ͣŶȥ
СĬĬں棬ʱʱתβںĽħԳ֪ɽȣСͣӰԶȥ˵ˡ
Ƭ֮󣬵ӰʧҰУŻصɽС
С˰ʱ󣬱ͣ۽ʪСһεҡͷԼļϡ
ǲǲģ
ţС᲻С𣬻ƬĹӣСػش
ǰ䣬ҲԴˣǺİ仰ֱ׵ˡ
ʲôʱ򣬶˳ԣһִŰ
Ҳ᲻Сϣ춼ǿĵģŰɫСԴ㲻ģΪӣС׷ˣ
̫ˣһ˵СֱӱڵϷŸ˷ޱȡ
Ҫȥһ֮Сһ仰ֱӱʱķ
εҡҡͷȴûиȥ
ʱ䣬㿴ħԳϼС죬Լ˹
죬СˣСһԾ£ӣθͣ
ţ𣿡һССԴȻħԳʵ
ˣС콫ħԳĻﴫ졣
ţǾͺãԺͺСҵĿռָˣʱʱԳʶһɨ˿ռָ
ҩСɵˣ˷ܵؽиͣСΪ򵼣С˿ռָ
򵥽һע㽫ڿռָȻȫʩչӰϷȥ
һ·߹ҲޣȼߣջһЩͽҩ
ҵߵľۼأѯһ֮󣬱㳯ɽ˵פرȥ
뿪֮ǰȵÿ˵ΣûбԼ֮ǰǣ
ϴ¶ղݣݹģȴɽ⣬͹֪ԼĿǼһԸӦò͸¶Լĵϸ
챣ƽȵٶȣ·һЩҩģҲռϾ⻹ϰĺòϡ
Ȼڰ·һԼˡ
ʤѩ裬֬·ѩɽϵѩһʥ࣡
ѩѩ磡
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ѩʶʶѩ磬ΪΣȻԶۣɶԷòôأ
ңѩʦԼü£Էǳ鷳
ȻˣһҪкУ˳ѩ
죬ѩӣѩժһݣվ⣬ְݵ
ѩע⵽;ߣֻǲ֪Ϊδ˵󣬱˿ԼԶԶܿȴǰ
ԷԱ֪˭ˡ
ѩعͷؿ죬ѩ÷˪
Ƭ֮ųʵ죿
£첻ȷʵòмӡ
кͣѩѾͷ˼ĺ룬겻᣿ѩ䣬й
üͷһ壬Լûеѩ磬ΪԼ
ѩСһ𳤴÷֪ãҲܲѩҵ⣡̧ͷֱӶѩ磬δһ˿֮ɫ
ѩ粻֪ΪΣŭһɺΧʮɷΧһţ㾹Ȼ񣡿Ҳúýѵ㣡
ѾԷɱѩϾ龳ǿߣԼ֮ûУͱһƻʮԶڣɫ԰ײѪֱ˲һ
һƣѩˣȻ˿̵ľ籶в죬ȴǳˡ
Ҳ֪Ϊλ
ͨôҵͽ
ΪԼͽƽɣ
Լһɣ


76 ٻɽ
òҪѩע⣬Ϊ䲻˵꣬ѩһּӵһ±ɱ죬ʧӰ
֪ղŵһƣ켴㲻ҲǷһ޷Լͽȡ
ȻĪر˱⣬ʶȴѵġ
ܷŭ
ѩΪʲôҪɱԼԼǿһ
ΪʲôԼ
ⱲޱԼ
Ȼ֪Ϊ˴ңˣһὫĸ߰ڽ£
ţ
ʱ춼һ;߶ԸԼߵ˻ޣȫˡ
ΪԼǸߡ
ɴ˴εͳԹȻ
ûţֻǿߣ
ûɳţһ
ƽľеľеĺȫȥҽѩһƵıΪá
ӰĴ֮ͨЧ첻һ˺ԵԺˮԵԼˮԣôԼԺ׵תɺԵ
Ȼѩػ˵ľҿ׽ѸٽƸԭ
һ֮Ƴ׻ָѩһʵҲǽһЩȻ֮ͻҲǲԶˡ
ѩȥķƽϢŭ߬ȭͷ
˴¼
һ֮ɽ˵פء˶ڣɽƺˣȻأȴҲҪһЩӡ
С죿쵽ŷ廪һ漴ϲǰתһȦͣˣɽºѶĴ̽ҲΪΪѾˣ
ʹҹˣҲǽŷ廪ķӦжѡ
ȥɣҶڣˣһˣСû޹أŷ廪ӣɽ
ǿ˭ˣŷ廪˷ܵش󺰵
С죡

˿ˣϲ֣˵ɽҲǼѣֱֻǶ̫󣬳˿ڣʹ졣
˭ɵģ˵üͷ΢
Сˣ£㣬ºʲô£ɽɫ漴ο
û£ʱɽ£±ڵһǧ֮ϣȻ˳ɽȣƣһЩʱգͳˣ򵥵һԼľȻǴҶף£ûô򵥣
壬˭ǣɫʵɽͬԼˣɲñ˺ǡ
⡭ɽһʱţ£ƲԸ˵
쿴ˣ˶һŭȴв֮
磬˵ɣŷ廪һ죬
ɽ̾һصЩ鷳
ʲô鷳ˣʫǸӣʵ̲סˣȻ
쿴ʫ漴ֽĿתɽ
壬㻹˵ɣҲóȻ£
ɽ̾һεؿ죬̰ǣ
̰ǣüͷ΢Ʒսӣ

ǰϸѾľˣ̰ǻ㣡ʲôΪ
ӳ̰֮ӳҹ֮֮ĳϣɽҲǷȻѡ
Ϊ£
Ѫ̰֮ǽӹĵ̡ǰҺڰ·ż̰սӵˣǿǼ̰ǣҵȲӣ֮սκιѲڣ̰ˣսɥɽһʱǰǳΧɱм֡
սɱˬĴ󺺡
Ҳ·Ϊ˵˾ͺû󻹲ϧɱȣʹ̰ǷŹһأ
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̰ԣɽݷã֮ڣһǵİɽ̾ϣսӦҺϣԶһ٣
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ѪҸƳãƷΪеƣ׼Ʒҩ˵ó˼ƿװĶ׵ҩƷҲеƣİöҡ
֮ǰɽ˵ĵҩƵҲԲ꣬Щҩȼֻ̫ͣɷµߡ׼׵ҩǸɽǵ澳ʱõġϾԼȥ½Ժлɽ棬һЩҩԱʱ֮衣
ЩҩպãԺõĵ
ŷ廪еƿ֣ɫЩ΢죬׵ҩֻڴƵ׵ҩ˭ó
ⶼ׵ҩ𣿡ŷ廪ƿ֪̾ʲôʱԼƳĵҩ
̰ǵ˺ŵһʱ䣬һʱָĿӹˣ֣صص
̫ˣʱǽ̫ˣ¸ȣһЩϵ⣬Ҫ˵ɽϲ֣Լ˵Ĺ̫ˣףָ°빦


77 շħȦ
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֪ôҵһ׵ԼǧΤƷʩչģģƺһ˿衣
𿴷ȫɵģɵģǷҽ۸Եڲǣԣ򹦷ˡ
˵Ľԣڹ򻹴Ƥëϡ
ǶԽշħȦ˶٣ȻԼǵս󣬼ƤëҲԷӳ޴
շħȦעطɽͬʱʩչĸ֮ҲԹƣô̰Ǹ޷սʤǡ֮ǰ̰ǵսУ˵ĻĴ
ǶŬ٣ãɽŵص
壬շħȦǿķս񼶵󷨣һƤëҲԷӳǿսĳصɽ˾Ĳ㣬ûԼ취ȼ˵ġ
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쿴һۣ⡣ҲϰԪҲٸӦ˼˵ͣ̿һ˿ֱӹ˹ȥϢս߽ˡ
˿ԼʩΪֻ˲߽⣬Щͷɥ쿴ǲҪģ˵ʵղǵı֣ҪãΪǵĹսȽ˽⣬ŵԿֻҪϰΣƣ
һ˲ŻָţٴοʼҲϵظ˽⾫Ҫָڡ
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ıֵȻˣ漴Լһϵ˶̾ѡľˣǿǼ쵫ɱ޵ģսǿ̶ȣӡڶղǵľһǰδ˳档
ԼĿռָó˼ʮƿװȫǺƣڳˣһϲٵ֮Ժ
Ҳû˵ڴˣ̰ǹ޻ˣҲ
̰ݰ٣ɽٳݼһĺ붴У̰սˡ
͸Ӧ˶Է٣ֻǲǶѡ
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78 ̵ְ
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̰Ǵʱѱŵɪɪ岻ɽҲǾ֡ÿο·һˣ޷͸


80 Сı仯
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ԵģǲǹҵչҿһԣвԴΪʽ𡣡Ͼܵ׺ʹ󲮵Ӱ죬ԾһЩ˽⡣


81 쵤
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һһ£Ҫ°æ
£¶ȫԸϲüңλүˣԼ˵ᱻܲȥСطԵ
ҪһЩҩģ嵥жٰռ٣ݸһֽźܶҩݣһЩҡ
ǾΪҽӹ嵥˳ȥѼҩġ
ڹңŶԷ
ʱһöռָ˽˫ֵϡ
ϣϡٵҩ⣬ĶѼȫˣֻм࣬ûУ
ûϵЩˣ˶Էöƽ׼Ʒĵҩӵǧл뿪˻С
ص㿪ʼҩ
һξȥˣһֱڷĽżȻЦ뿪ˡ
⼸죬ĽӵܶˣԭĸۡʱȴַǷ
ǰʱ䣬󲿷˶ҵطŬȥˣķҲǣʱǺ֮ʵȻߣԱȴΧˣмǿ
˭ĸأͽԺеҩãв֮͡
٣⼸ȥˣǺҰ
ǰ٣²ʵ

Ҹ׽͵һһöĵҩǺ֮ˣڵˣķ罾ޱȣظţ±
ϲϲ˲ϵƨ
ǼҲҪעˣֵǵˣķָԱ˼
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Զԣǻһأʲô
ķ˻д죬ƺǸνķվڽ͵Լ˵ıԡ
ߣȥ¥ͣķԵ˴һȻȥ
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һЩ·ĳϣ˾̾һεҡͷ߿ˣ
ȥˣڽ⼸յķϰյûرƽ׵ĵҩÿһƳʮöÿһö̵ĵơ׵ҩƷÿһʮöֻеƣǾöеơ
׼ƷҩƳʮöһûеơھöһĻеơ
ȴǽ١
ʰһ뿪ĸۡɭȥ
ΪоԼҪͻˣͻƵĶҸû˵ĵط𲻱Ҫ鷳
˸žɽȣʯͷϣȻȡʮƷʯģ̷һö㿪ʼת
Ƭֳ֮һһɴСĽӰԼӰڣׯϣһӡ
ΧѸٻ㼯
ʱ󣬡䡱һ죬ƣ˳֮ʱĽȻûֹͣԴԴϵĻţ˵תھдܶ
һʱȥˣĻ۲ͣ콫ܵȫգһֹ֮ͣ
ʱȻڣޱҪ֪˶ٵһöƷʮƷʯΧһ߳ɷˣغҪֻдĵҩЩ


85 Ӱ
쳤Լĵɫغ࣬ʶ΢Χźת
ţܲܽ϶Ϊһ
룬˭֪ᷢʲôǵԺɷ˵ɣ
ʱոͻƣҸ˶һ£ϧﲻǺɽСڣǿԼ֡
˽ħԳ뿪ʼݲ֮콥ˣɳ˷С
ǽħԳͱҶˣսôʱ䣬ԼһֱѹŴֻÿս֮ʵ
СһԿߵıԣ͸ˣڵϷŸﻹС
ħԳħԳʵ֧ŲµʱͣˣСʱѾƣڵϵƲ֮ɱˡ
һʯɽȣʯһ͹Լѧȫʩչ
¡¡
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ڵΪ޷ٲֺǻ֮Աġ
һǿץСɾ磬ԸŲ֮ͬŲ֮ǹļɣĹȴǿǷ
ԶƵУơÿԽ׵С֮
ˮȼľĹ似ԿĦϢϢֱֹıء
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Ȼ޷͸˵ǡ̡ɫܡ롢Сʶ̡
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ۡǡࡢ봦ϢϢأǲҲУȻҲǱϵǳѡһ㵽뻯澳󣬶ࡣ
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ʥеĸе߽ԲΪĿ꣬ȡص
ңԶʱĹʱ̫ʱԶʱϹʱǿ߱ǵʱΪǿĴڣΪǲʥУ࣬𣬵
֪Ŀ֪ԭ֪Ĺȴû취ġֵзĸԴûа취ʾڹͣʥ޷Դֻо絽ˣġ
ԣԵ֮ѡ
Ҫɾͷӵľ磬Ҫ͸ʥУ͸ؼĵѾ壬򣬲ſ֮ۡ
ɲ밴ӵܵķУ棬ûĶû飬ô֮˰ĥԼ
һУֻǽ˶ıԼ
죬ˣѣΪǿߣһУŲ£Ҳ£
֮УĽӰϵı仯ţÿһʱ䣬ͻʵһ֣أȥˡΪ˵رȽƫƧû죬ĵһʱ䡣
Ȼ죬ĽԼŪһУǲصġ
ʱ룬ЩļӵڲϿԼʲô飬һ뵽ǿеķμдȡ


86 սĽ
һʱ䣬ˮ似ֱũеĹ˼֮Żصļҡ
ʱַۡǷеļӵܶѾˡȺһе໥ϵ飬еǽԼľе似һЩǴڷޡȻķӵܣ֪Ƶء
ӺĵػصԼԺ䣬ϴһȥĽס
ʱֵʱ䣬˸տʼ׼ĵ˲ˣһꡣ
ҲԼĺ˳Ľһ
͵治ҾȻоһ˿ĽƷһںƣ̾ѡ
Ǻǣ󲮣ǶĽ׵ͨԳĹƣͽҩζãЧҲǲԱƽƷĵҩˣ㽫ԼþƵĹ̸Ľһ飬档
ƹѲ˱̸Ľ콲ԼʱľһЩĵãҲԼϵýĽԪʹĦ
˵֪־񼼵ʱ򣬼ţһ֮󣬲Ÿ̾е£Ϊ档
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СһЩĵҩǺ֮ˣĽƺԴ˺ǲݣ˷ѣôõԴȴһֺеϣ
ģԺûл˷Դˣ
Ǵ֮գҪү֣ĽͻȻ죬Цŵ
֮ãϲĽɷֹУԼԵҪջᣬɷŹ
ߣȥңĽĵط
һƧңɽ죬ʮɼһɶߣʯ֧ݶǽһ߼ļӲʯɣߣɵǿߵĴǽϿ߰˸ֱһߵԲĵذ嶼ʯ죬ӡǽҲۼ
ҽֻĽһڴֻһţһűСеǽһ޴ġָ񡣿Ϊׯϡ
ɣĽ
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˵꣬ڿ˼ơĽΪȻĽΪڵĿԪĹƷ촫ԪʹĦһɵġ
ͨĻȭԼΪѹƵ֮쿴һۣĽ˼
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һײʯĽȴɳȥʩչȫֹסΣȻɴ۾죬һ˼ı顣
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󲮣ҿߣǻ㲻ɴ⣬ҽ㽫ѹƵɷһУ쵭ص
СӣȻһףĽϲԽ̾ҪעˣһὫʵѹɷڣ
Ľ˵ͬʱ㽫ڵɷһֻ֮оǰĴ˵ƴ䡣
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أ
Ľһ˫͵ضڵϣȭΡɽһ㣬졣
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ԼѾΪɷһ֮ˣȻֻƾС
쿴Ľϵı仯ԸղŵĹҲҲץסᣬȷֽ
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콫Ӵһ֣񣬴ſֱ졣
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󲮣㻹ѹɷɣոյһ֣Ľʵ˽⡣ĽսͬӦڵײģ֮ûںɽЩߣһ
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ĽԽսԽľ벻ս֮ǿ
ûгɣٽԼľڵɷ۷塣
أ
һֱӹ죬ʱʩչȫ˫ȭͷײһ
أ
һıĽһȴǺĲ
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찵͵ϲԼǿս˼
ôСӣѹ˰ɣ챻ˣĽɫŻָ硣Ȼ޷죬Ķء
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ʲôСӾȻ
Ľ󾪣ôܣѾˣȻֻԳһֵʵѡ
ƣ
ǲŽԼʵչ¶һдƣЯ޵ƣĽ
أ
أ
粽δƣĽȴһƻ岽֮Զ
ǿ˻񣡵ʵ˼һƣĽдĶ࣬ԷͲһ쾳ߣɷߡ
ϱҪóɷʵӦսˣ
ٴһԼսĽɷԼԿſԽԼսȫӳ
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ĽһֱǿУʱѹתȫʩչղ񹦣ʩչһдԻ
أ
Ľ粽δˣȴ
ãֵкˣսԼн
žžضƴ˺üʱֱ˫ͣ


87 ſ
û뵽սǿһſԱģĽ̾սǿ߶޼
󲮣߽֣
ûУ㸸ȴ벻ŽֹĽҡͷ̾Ϣ߽֣ҲһҫԼƫһ磬лʶЩǿߡ
֪ҵսɱǿߣ쵹ǲ⣬׷ʵ
㸸׵ʱʱ򣬾ͿԻܱСǿߣԼҲһΪǿǿ߱ȼ磡
һ˵쵹һЩʵÿʱǿˮƽвͬһʵǿҲ˵ԾΪš
ֻŬ˱ȼЩŵʵ
󲮣ϢһûأƬ֮ʱָɣĽЦ
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϶޵ķʸŲӣ˼ŵ᲻ǷѾˣ
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ķȻϲģΪ˵ȴǵõ丸洫
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벻֮ǿߣƽʱ찡
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ףڵľ磬ڼļʮλҲˮƽڼǻ֧Ϊ峤ģķ翴״ʱľ磬ϲ
ˣĽ϶ôҲ벻һõö˵е쵤ɣڵʵȻǿȴǽСԺЩֻ뷽跨ͽң峤֮λڱصã
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Уδȣúñ֣Ҫٸҵף
ģ
ķͷ亹漴ˡ
죬ҵţ

֮գļҵУɽ˺Щ˶ļҵӵܣîʱ̵ʱ򣬾ѾվˡУҲʣ̨ϻ˳ĺļҵһʮӵܴȡɷ衣
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鱮ǼÿһӵܵŶʮ꣬Ǳϵĵһ֡
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ķһȺ˵ӵܾһɲ˼Ҫ֪ϵ׵ľĸգ
Χļ٩ɽ˵ųļҾ¥ĲűȽϺãļ¥ŮƯ
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鰡ŰôƯҪǿϺ˵һ仰һ²ԷУ
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Աߵʮ֮ҲǶʮһꡣĿȴֲЩȻŮӣ˭ϲ
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ԳЩӵܲмһˣЩеһµĸо
ͷ۾ƽǰУϵȺԼߵʦԼꡣ
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ģĺƵˣ

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ߵŮӣϽĵļҵһŮ
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һֱӿĺƺˣֱ˵۾ƺ˵һǰ棡
Ӣӵܶˣҵʱʱسʮӣ
ʱѵ̨ϵҲ½½ˣµֻѡ


88 
ݹȫУĸ䣬һЩԱվУĽ
ĽһУ漴ǰУϵӣοصͷʶһЩʷ¼ҽԵĹһЩעȻ˴αԵǰʮᱻλѡУΪ״ӣǰʮܵõص˴αԵǰзḻĽƷǰĽƷ
ЩƷһĽԼóģĳ϶֪
ؾѧϰһֹ似СĽʱϵúܳ˵θڣöƽƷеƵ
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89 ߱
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91 Ƴ
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93 Ƹʫ
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㣿⡭ָΪѣĹ룬ֻʱѾпˣңĹղ
첻ǣſռָóһƱԼмֱӵָĻС
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ڿŴֵǽϣϡܿƳҹڱĸ֮
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ɳɳٲΧķĸסˣŴܶˮ뵽ԼǸٲϲ֣˹ȥ
׼ѵ·ˮ̶úóһʱһĻ档
һ壬Ƴˮܽأˮţǧ˿£ˮϣ΢΢


94 ˳ԡ
ӣѩźۣϸỬıǣ߷ͻٰ̺ͦˮϡɼ޳ȡ
ˣֱһӽ߳˼ӡ
Աߵʯͷϣż
δ壬ȴ˵ˣ˲ʧ
ղԶɽʯסûп֪ﻹڣ
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꣡
Ůӣֻ˫ֱأסѸٲ˹΢΢ˮס
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95 
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⣬ѡεļŵӣҲõصչˡ
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ʦ֣Ҫͷ᳤ģСѾͷĴ۾һһģһ±첦ҵͷص
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ĪҲһСı


96 ִ
ʱ߽еϲеɥеޱ顣
ǰǿΧѾΧˡ
ܻӭĵطÿ춼ӣΪһЩģһЩΧ۵ģ쵽飬͵
߽赣ΧɶѵȺЩ˻϶µߡ
㼷˽ȥվǰϵһ֣ҲеѪҺڡ
˵ʵ˹ﶼе¶ݣҲǡ
֪ԺҲܳսϡ
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ǰʮǺĵӣҪһ죬ҵҲܳͺˣ̾
磡
ս֣
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Ұ޼ɣ
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˽𣿡첻ʵ
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תͷԼߣǰԳĽ츳Զ类°Χš⼸УȻϵӣ
ղţԶ̾磬в죬ҲΧˣֱӿڳԡ
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ţš
Զȴܲˣƺδ˷ߵļҲǸϵӵⲻÿ
ǣǱѡ츳õģٹ꣬һԳưһԶԱһ˴ȵ
ǰٲʮѾ֮ˣΪһӵģһҲǸ͵
ٿĽ츳ţЩöòһЩŵӣһҲؿ˵
ΧЩϵӣŵӣһԷĻҲǾȲѣһͱΪŵӣɲһ㰡˵ĿԳΪδĵһӡ
Ǹӣͳ磬⻰Ͳˡ
ʲô˲ģδ˭֪һܱȵʦ֣ŭ⡣
СѾͷ۵ӰɣԶԱߵһһ֮˿һͷȰʦֵǸԺܵģ
ԣԣǸ⼸ߺš
˼һۣ˵һ֮󣬱
ʱüͷ΢Զ磬ص˵Ǳ츳õģ
Զ翴һ죬ԷֻǸ۵֮ߣҲжʮˣеӵζȻ
ģ¶˵΢ЦؿԶ磬صô˵˴εﻹҲĽ츳ƺ
ʲôҲĽ츳Զ绹δػΧϵȴˡ
ߣᱻҲڽ£ԶƺδĻסͣɿޱȡ
쵹û˵۾ԶмϵżˣվԱߣ˸ղŵĻ
պ֪Ľ츳ĳ˼˼Զ
˸ղԶĻȻˡ
̾һԶҲʵ̫ˣó԰ڣǲö
ҡҡͷ׼뿪ս񣬿Զһ˺ȵιСѾͷߣ㻹ûǸأ
ͷ䣬ȴסȻԶ缸ˣ³һ֡

ûҲûʶĺ˳ȴƱˣԶ缸˺˼Ǳ
Զ𾪲ѣعԼղƺˣŭǰ߳졣
ڴ˶֣ΪŹ涨˽Զ£ϳͣ˭Ҳ⣬˽˶Թȥ䳡̨Ͻ
żݻһ¶ԷԶûǿԵġ
Զ磬ʲôˣȻԶһ㡣
ѭȥֻվȺ棬ɨһۡһ£ղŵġ
üԶ絹м֮ΪﵹЩȺˡ
Զ
ⲻеʮһԶ


һ֣Χŵ˶ˣ򵥵Ľ˵Ϣ֪졣
˽Զλŵеʮһλʵǿ
Զ翴Զ˹ȥÿһС
磬˾ײңøԶߵԶǰίص֮ǰſ̬
һϾȻŶĵˣ
Զ磬Ҳʸ㲻Ҫ𣬷˴ҵ𣡡ԶЩ壬ƺ𱸵ص
û£ǸСӳײңԶһָ
ԣǳײ٣ԶԱߵļ˸ŵ
Զҡҡͷӣ߽죬صȻײҵܵܣǸɣ
쵹ǾЩЦ֮ǰΪ壬ڿҲ޷ǸСˡ
Ǹ쵭ЦţһŵԶ磬Ļ
ҲܣֻҪǸԶüͷ΢壬ŭ⣬ǰ֮СôôۣԼ
ǲأ쿴һԶĵ
ʲô
˴󾪣Сôˣѵ֪ԶݲɡԶһļҲЦƺڵſϷ
㲻ʶңԶüͷ𣬡ˣ
쵭ص
ѵ֪𣿡Զ󣬵ҪҪҽôʦ֣
ûʸ񣡡
⻰˵ģǴȺ洫ġ˷ȥֻ˴
٣
쿴һˣͷʾһ¡
ȺԶÿһ˽˽֮ȴǲϡ
ôô󵨣ҶײԶ
ҶңԶһ˵ˣŭô˵ҲеʮһλģȻһ֮ڱˣһʵݽϵ͵ĵӡ
ߣԶȰȥʦܲǵģ
ǲ𣿡Զüͷ΢ɻˣѵ˵ĺ̨ǿ
ߣʦǺĵӣעԼУ򡭡һδ˵꣬⽫ļúܳ
һ˽Ծ
Ǻĵӣ
ô᣿
Ϊ֮ĺĵӣ
Цİɣ


97 
⻰˭ţԶ˲ͣ٣漴ѹЦŵ
ʦΪԿģ
ʱ˲ŻȻ򣬶Խ̸Զƺ̫ţĿ졣
ֱӿӿռָóơ
Ϲƣšơ֣д֡
ϵģ
Ǻĵӣ
ڵƻǸġ
۵ǰ׵ģŵǻƵģŵ̵ģĵϵġ
ƵúܴԱݣܼ¼׻֣ҲȥڸҪԿס
˿ϵƣ˲ˣǺĵӣ
ˣǲ˼飡
˶ùˣ
Զѿ֪֮ôµðˣ֣
漴һԶ磬ǳǸ
쵹ûǣһƵӡ
ðʦˣҸԶҲ¶⣬
ˣܲԺƳһԶֵ
ȻҲ˵ۣٺλʦμ𣿡
ȥʮԣܷͨӦ漴죬ʦܣҲİɣ
ţ
ͷ漴ĿƵʯϣתǰ
ǰλĺȻǼˣ
һ磡
ڶ
Ұ޼ɣ
̨飡
ﺮ

ʦֵʵӦúǿɣעŰ񵥣ʵ
ʦһһˣΪѴɷ֮ҲһУĽܿᳬԽģ
ûгϸؿһ۰񵥣ȻŶ˵ȥԣ
˻⣬㳯ȥǰȴΡ
Χǰļ˴ʱҲǽעŵϡԶֵ˱뿪ģΪǾ̫ˣǿ쾹Ȼȥˣͣ˽ŲȴſԷǺηʥһűǺĵӣ
Ȼɵʵɲɵݡ
ĵӵʵɷȻǶ֡
ûҲк̨ġ
ĵսھŵҶĺ̨
ҶݣȻþ죡
˽ǰĹ߽䰵ֻһխխʮɳĹبм䣬ڵĿռֳ֡ľͷнݣӦͨһͨ
ȻŹĳȣڵҪ⿴Ĵ
ʦܣұսǰߵĽͨһͨٿϵɻ󣬱͵
ʦܣ֪Ҫȥٲ㣿ʵ
ʮŲɣȻսǿ󣬿Ҳ³ç֮ĿǰľӦӦǵʮŲ㣬ȥĶ˵
Ǿ߰ɣʮٷֿٽѡûйʡ
ߵĲ죬ȴҲûʱ㵽˵ʮ㣬˸֮㡣
ʮŲ㣬㿴ûʲôֻЩ壬ϾʵϵˣǺܶࡣ
쿴ǰңܹа˸ĸΪսұĸΪ
ſڸһҹţζЩˡ
ûгɣұߵһŵȥ
ҵʯǽŵģһ񰼲ۣ״졣
óԼƣǶ˽ȥһϢ֮ʯؿˣȻȡƣ˽ȥ
ȥʯֹˣϳһҹ顣
ʵҪһĻֵģǺĵӣȥЩҪ󡣿ңʮ֣ǹ麣η͸ļرչ˰ɡ
һҺ󣬱㷢вͬǻҵģʶҲ̽СҪľҪܶࡣ
ϸһ£ԼнһԼϣսŵ΢һ㣬ԽԽǿҡ
쿴ǰиʯ̨һߣƺġҲɣ˹ȥ·һ㣬ʯ̨ϡ
һֱˣſȥ
һ˵ѹǳֻҪһʱءڵ󷨻ὫϣΡ
ǣߣǿޱȣһκε
Ҳһͬİۣ콫Ʋ˽ȥű㿪ˣ˳ȥ
Ȼûʯ̨ϴһʱԴ˴ʧ㡣
ŶĿսңȥԱߵʯſˣһ˳ͷɥήңƺˣŽȥ
ӣһʧˡ
ҡҡͷ̾һ֮Ĳȵߣ߲˶Զ
ʲôֻǳɹ̫Ȥˡ
ߣʧȡѵȡ飬ԽԽ£
˵ʧ˳ɹ֮ĸֻʧܣܻȡɹ
սңһƬ£ʲôҲʶһɨڵȻء
ʮܣÿһΪģĲģӲޱȣϺõܱԸһͷദһۣװʯƵģȻĶװоƣһֱάֿܵת
ܼ򵥣ǸЩսҪô䴢ȫĵҪôػλãʹþƴλֹܱͣ
ɶ칤֪Ǻ˷⣬档
쵱ȻŽʮܵĵǶܣÿһɹսһʱһʱǶǱ
һ㣬޷սҿſڵڰȫֻҪվڰȫڣܾͲṥ
һܣһȭֱӽ֮Զȴû˿ˣڵ϶˼£վ
Ͽ治һ㣬ʹһδֺֻлദЧǶߵսɡ
£еĿܶˣ죬ٶȱȼͨߡ
ݲ䣬˲ȥһ硣
ܵսɶǻȭŹû似֮ģǶȴǷǳʼͬһ࣬ޱȡ
죬ٶȸ죬ǿҪǣǸˣ˼
ʶеĿܸǣǵһһȭȥ׼ȷĻλãȻ󣬾࿴һܵˣҲûվ
һ£վƴλĿܣҪʱͨ󷨻ָȻصģʱԼ֪Ķء
ž
ʱ䣬еĿܶڵϣȴƺЩû塣


98 ͻ
˳ϸһ£ܲʮܣۺս߲ͨࡣ
˿̣վǰߣˣΪֳϡ
սڶʮˣ
ô£
ɷôʮˣ
ʮŶ԰
ʱУһģȻ쵽ʲô磬Ƕ̶һڣɸܵкӵڲͬ
·һظУ
ʱԶ۹𺣬壬ǳ鴤߬ýġΪ֮
Ǵ
һɷߣȥʮһڵʮŲ˷ʱ˼
ɲ֪ǰ˵ķӦʱѾվڵڶʮˡ
֮ǰһȽǷֻһʱ򣬱ֳˡ
սң˴Եһʮܡ
ûио˿ѹ˲һӣͽЩܻڵأȻŴʮһȥ
ʱ˵ʮλ
ʲô
˻Ȼ⵽ô£
εı仯ǰһңҲ̫Źˣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ȴһֵֻСһ˷ܵš
Զѿ֮亹סð˳
˵ڶʮ㣬ڶʮһȥ
ʮһİ˸ңֻһã첻̾ĻһĵӰɡ
ٴνʮϢʱ䣬ˣֱӽս
ڶʮһսңǰߵĲͬ뵽һǧʮĸܣһܣ֮ǰĿָһࡣ
δɣ˹ȥһд޶ָڿܵļϡ
ﬣ
һе𣬿ܱһԶˣֻһ˲ˣ죬޴ȭͷؿڡ
һȭǻУԲһлųߵмơ
ʱȴˣֱ֮ԿҲ±ܻУǿ޾ֹ෴ܵĴ̼øǿ
ԣԼԭʼս
һӺ첻֪˶ȭȴһ¶΢Ц׼ʱһƻڿܵؿڴ
أ
һ죬ܵأûվ
ϸϸ۲ܵϣȭӡӡĳЩطеѺۡ
ĹԿһƻǿӲĲϣݻٵġ
˵ڶʮ㣬Բȥˣֱսҡ
ڶʮ㣬ãһ䡣
ѡһ俿ݵңȥǼ˵սҵſˣ߳һꡣ
˱ݣҲһңüޣ쳣
ʱüͷ΢һΪһŵӣʲôúõʱ䲻ȴתʲôʱŵˣ
ʱȴЩЦԼ˵Ȼˣôתأ
תҲԼ飬޹أô˺£
ؿһԱߵ꣬ûǣֱóԼƣ밼ۡ
ĵӣһüͷ壬Ǻĵӣôܣ
漴ƺʲô¶ŭݣ߳˭õǺ˵ƣĪ͵İɣ
ȡƣǰһ£ֱӽҡ
꿴ϵ֣죡
˭
ʮ˸ĵӣԼʶʲôʱˣ
Īģ
ֻǣһ֮ôԳΪĵأ
Źˣȴû뿪վ⣬졣
룬һ֮ߣҲŰɣ
ţҪֵĺĵӵЦ
ƺѾףõǱӡ
ңݵûΪղ˶Ӱ顣ʶͷų˴Ƭ
ܣղŵǸвͬƺǸǿˡ
Ȼûһѹֱӹ˹ȥܲһ
ӣܱڵأжˡ
һºҡ
껹ڣû뵽ôͳˣһ֮ʱͳһǿԷƺȥ֮ǰһûб仯ɻˡ
漴¶˳
쿴˾Ȼһֱſڣ֪⣬ǣֱȥ
˵Сӣһֱڰȫʲô˼ʵͲҪˣ곰
첻ǣǰС
ǺĵӣҲ󵽰ɣʦ־Ȼ񣡡̬ȣ߳ŭֱһȭĺ󱳡
쿴ҲɵӰ֣ڣͨʩչһȥָָӰڶԷȭͷϡ
أ
˺ʮͣݲ԰ף亹ֱðȭͷѪ죬ͷѡ
ؿԶȥıӰɪɪ
ѾˣʵҲȡ
Ȼ֮ȴңֹ򶷵ģֻʩͽˣȻЩΥ棬ȴҲȥˡ
ϵ˶ʮ㣬ֱӽսҡЩغǰĵӣȴͱ˵ѣͣΧ۵ԽԽࡣ
ʱΣȻڵﺮ֮
ǺҲ۷׷ףǸյЩӣ׷ЩӣӣϲؽԼͼӴ׵ĸı¼
Щ˻ԶԻΪע
ʱϲҪˣЩμӶĲĵӣߴߴ˵ͣ
ʱѾսһˡ
һĿܣǰһʵǿˡ
һǰҪǿ󣬸οĸ
ãģʵǿĶֶսԼ
Σ˰˳ɵӦĸܡ
ÿһܵķӦԣѾɷһ֮ˡвһȭ
ⲻͬڵ
һ֣ܷſȥսͬʱĸ֣սͬʱҪעֵĹע뼯вС
һƻһܵļϣɳȥȻһܵһȭԾն˫ŵ㵽֮֮ܵ߷ɣȻ䵽ϣʣµսһ
ǿ͸أ˿ܲʣֱӴݻദƣӴˣˡٸǻµơ
ʣܣͺӦˡ
ʩչѩλλһ㣬ܵǰһȭɵһȻһֳһߣͬһȭ˶Է


99 ʮ
Ȼܣֽᣬûлٻǡ
һӣٴɹͣ㣬һ㡣
ڶʮĲսˣȴ˵ġ
ӦǼǰеĵӡ
ʵǸ޵ĺõطУԳ
ûгɣ̽սң˸ǿĿܶսһ
˸ܵʵǳǿᣬ֮սЩ׽⡣
ãҪЧ
첻ʱ˸ܣڴͻƵʱǿѹƵΪͻƺ󷴵øôҲԽࡣ
˸ܣ԰ԼѹƽԼ󻯡
ƹƹң
һʱˣ˸ϺԶֹͣ
ʱԵúǱѾ˺üӣûˡ
ûԥֱӱϵʮŲ
ΪңЧҪͻˣѡһõط
ȻϣȻֻңһսңһңеǿ֮Եˡ
ȥң龳ĶߣҲһܵˡ
ΪߣȻԳܡȻɣĲӺصʮԶĿʯ̨ÿƶһҪȥʮϢʱ䡣
ѹȷǸǵģ
Լ죬õ壬޵Ĺ裬ԽС
Ȼά裬жǱȴ˷ޱȡ
ѹ֮£ԽԼյЩǱѹեϾԼֻ䲻֮һ;
ڣһӺƵʯ̨
ϣȺóʮʯǰȻַһö
󣬱㿪ʼתղ񹦣Ӱʼͻ
ȵ۶ʯҲţأʱʮ֮һѾˣڴʱڡ䡱һ죬ӿһһɴУתԽתԽ죬ԽתԽС
ʮ֮
Ȼѽʮ֮ĵȻûֹͣ˼ڷתڵ⡣
ʮʯҲĴˣʱо˲ϢƺҪͻˡ
һͻƣֱӽɷڱ˵ϲ£ȴˡ
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ѹƣȵһʱͻƲС
ңͻƴ󾳽磬ô³çҪڵѹƵԼ֮Ĵ̶ȣͻơ
սٴηԾ֮ǰҪ󼸱ֹ
οظоһ˿ΣգΣԼӦľʾ
ĪǣҪɽٲɣ
һ룬һëȻĸо
һߵ˽龳ʱ򣬲Ż١
ÿʵĲͬҲǿԽսһٿǿֲġ
ҲҪ龳ʱų֣ڲŽɷôء
٣ȻĳͽֶΡУΪ쵽ΣյĴڣΪɳɱʽ׽٣٣ħٵȵȡ
һ룬һԼš
Լ٣Լô뵽ء
Ǻֵһָо
ĪغӴԼѶţ
ţҲѡˣ
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νһС磬ƺǿһ֣ʶҲǸˡ
оڵԼʱǰҪǿʮȥڶʮĲսƲüϢʱ䣬ɻܿܡ
ٴڵѹû֮ǰôǿˣжҲ˲١
ѾʱˣѾը졣
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۾ðǣϵǸ֣ҸÿҪˡ
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Ȼ֮ǰǵһ죬Ǻڹġ
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һ㣬һҪһ٣
СѾͷ죬ԭضŽţ
ƺȫСѾͷڵһһ
ֱȥʱȻ뿪ңȥ
˼ˣܶ˶֪Ĵڡ
ʱվµĳٺ֮⣬мĵӡ
һʮİ׾꣬ŽۣòãֻѡΪɷһ֮ƺҪͻƵɷ֮ˡ
ԱΧ߰˸꣬ɷһ֮ʮ֮һ֮Զ
˿ˣݲÿʱʱĴſڣе㵣ݡ
ˣ
һͱ˿ˡǰֺҪһ®ɽĿ
ǰ쿴˼ˣҲ˹ȥ
ˣ
ʦ֣ôųǶһˣ粻治ôʱų˻δ˵˵ˡ
һɻѵʲô飿
ʦܣܻе鷳֣ص
Ŷʲô鷳


100 ҶԼս
첻⣬ʵǻ˻شһ
죿
ѭȥֻһһԼ
ν鷳ǽԶʱôһˡ
ٴνĿ⿴꣬ԷľſԼ࣬Ϣвˡ
˭첢ûлشԷ⣬ֱӷʵ
ҶȻ
ҶоֺϤ˼˵ݣսھŵҶ
Ҷص
£Ҷ˵̬ΪϲҲԷ̸ֱʵ
벻ռսĶ֮Уƺеʵ𣿡Ҷһ죬ŵ˵ʵڵڶնԹ̨һʤɸҽӣ
նԹ̨
쵹еĪˣ
նԹ̨ʲôط
ҶһеƣҲط˵ŵȻԲʮ֮Ϊûʤ㣡ҪҵֵܵǸ
˵ͬʱҶһԶֻԶǰؿ졣
ĬȻؿһۣ³֣
Ӧս
˵֮󣬱ֱ뿪
Ҷһ䡰е֮ĻǿԷֱˣһż˽
Χ۵˴ʱҲ
벻Ӧսˣ
սڶսھŵ𣿡
ɲ˵ܴʵʵܿԱȵģ
ǰԭֻ츳ñѡΪĵӵģΪֻʮ֮Ҷôʤأ
ҿȻȾӰףȻ̣˵սʤҶ
˭ʤ˭ɶһϷĵӵսһûأ

Ҳ֪ڵӵۣٵ˱߱ģԼסȥ
ʦ֣նԹ̨ʲôطҶᵽնԹ̨ɻˡ
նԹ̨䳡һ̨רΪڲгԹĵӶ裡гԹĵӣ˫Լ̨Ȼ涨ɱԷ˲ƣٽܵ
ŶֵطŲ𣿡첻Ȼ
ᣬִûרŵĳΪУپ
նԹ̨ͦ˼ģȻ뵽ʲô飬ʵʦ֣кܶҲ̫⣬һ£
ʦ㾡˵ȶǰﲻ㣬شһ⣡
ڶʮһ꣬ӦǺĵӣȷʵ֮һЩţټҶָоѵڵĺĵӶŰԵ𣿡
໥һۣ漴֣صʦ֪ڵĺĵܹʮɷǵ츳ǽϺõģδڵ֮вʮ˸˶Ƿֳ˼ϵԳӪϣԲŻ
Ȼֻһ˰ˣЩ˻׽ӽģ΢ͣٺ󣬱ŵҰʦ֣ȻԸܺãӲ۸Сӣиһʦ֣ʱȥָһЩ۵
գ׹Լãһž֮
ʦҲȻôܳΪϯأƺǳ磬̨ʦ㣬ڵһŮأ
Ĺ۵еӢƯƷʲôϵء
˵ǫ̀ʦڵһŮеĿеŮʦҲǰĽѣ̨ʦ־Ů֮飬һ䣬ܾʦ֡۾ƺ̨Ӱ
ʦܣ츳ԺضһΪŬһ£˵Ա˹飡ٵüëһһģȤ
һЦԼ˵˼ҲΪ⡣
˵̨飬᲻ǼǰԼӵǸŮӡ
Ժɾ鷳ˡ
̨ʦһˣ첻ʵ
̨ʦƯˣԺҲҪʦһƯӼֱʮŮӣҶһεҡҡͷ
̨ʦʮ꣬ɷ֮սٽ͵
ɷ֮
첻ͷƤһ飬ԼŮƺɷ֮ΪԼǶ㲻ˡ
ŮˣԼдȣһǷشĴ
ŮעڣҲ⣡
Ѿ̨ŽɱԼˣ
ĵжٸŮӣƺ뵽ʲôʵ
ĸٶ⵹еɻˣﺮʦս壬Ҳɷ֮Ϊ
ʮĵ˪ʦʮӽʦ㣡ɷһ֮
ﺮ첻ɻˣһɷ֮ŮӣԼսϸտʱ򣬻ΪǸ˵أΣ
һԱߵ˶죬ҲǾԼЩͻȻѾ˵ˣ㲻ȥᣬ˸Լ𰸡
ʦѽôʹʦעˣ΢Цŵ۾ﾹҲ¶һ˿ҲǴؿ죬ЦŨ
һֵۣ̯Ҹʱһɷ֮Ůӣֻǲ֪˭ѣʣʲôأ
ŮӺϣʦܲΣʦǫ̀ʦ㣬ֻԸȽ䵭˽̸ѣЦŵ
ҲǸŮ
ôԼĵ˭
⻹鷳
ˣȥˣˮڣʱ˵
ţ˱㵽ס
ΪˣȻǽȥ̸һ
Ը˺裬ԼСʮСһе㲻⣬֪촫˵ǸŮƷģϲݣ߶ԼҲҪŮ
ΣֻýСһĵķ˳
Ʒ޲ڣͻȻǰһֻССİͷޣ
տСҲЩ£۲һ£СɰģһֱӽСһﱧڻС
ŮϲпɰССϲôƯŮӡ
ߵ飬εҡҡͷɵ椣ʲô
Сһ˵ʱ˾Ŀɿڴ֮£ֱӽС˳ȥȻ̳嵽Ļе԰ס
˵ޣǿû
ǿֲ
ǿЩˣڵϴС죬Сп˰ɣ
С컹ɻУúúõģôͻȻأĪԼʭӣ
ʼëˡ
СĿɰӣپÿĲѣ漴Сܸ˼ˡ
Ļ󣬼ȻͬʱҲ̾


101 С
ٴС죬ؽСһﱧڻУͣ۾ðǣ·Сһ㡣
˿̵С죬ָֻ˸ղŵݣķϲСԴͬʱҲ켷üŪ
پ
СһôԽԽˣı黹Ҫӡ
뵽СһҪˣ֪ʲôʱʼ
ԽСҲ˳һһһַһˮһ¡
漴ޱ㿪ʼ̸컹óԼĺƣ
Ѿͷŵ㣬Ⱥڣֻһ˵ģϲ󾭲סĻ˯
ҲεҡҡͷСѾͷط䣬ȻųڵһЩ
ֱʱ˲ȥʱ콻һЩ飬ͳš
ССĶͷ̫֪Ҫ˲Ҫȥ
˶ˣһ˯екһԺˣСޣҪܣ𲻱Ҫ鷳
ŻصԼңʼ
ڶ죬еСˡ
ʲô£ĶͷɻˣСһһ²Լģ񷬳֣һ顣
СҪˣСţȥ֪˷ܻż
ߣȥ
ϣֱС죬ֱӴӴ˳ȥڵϵС
ˣվڿſڣԶԶؿС仯СѾͷƺЩ£۾еľ⡣
֣һ£ߵСֽץۡ
ŽĿħԳ
ֻʱĽħԳϷ·һ룬ʰűϢΧҲǻ۶
ģγһεĵ
һֱʱ·ƿǵѸɢΧĿռҲ쳣
Сֳƺ֮ǰҪСһ㣬ʱȫѳʽƣϻϵƣʮֹ졣
Ž⣬ʮϢ֮󣬱ʧԭǵܳ¶˳ʱѾʧˣֻſʱ򣬿ԿĿһ糤ĵ
ɹޣ
ģǺϾݵģţ
Χ֮Сվ˷ܵ죬ߺߵؽţ֪˵ʲô
СʱΪ˵ģһʹڵСļϣﻹС
ϲ㰡СѾˣ쿴һСΣǰڴһ·ôǸˣοΰĴ󺺡
Сҿ֣ʹˣ˵ţӿռָó˴սǰսꪣݸС𣬲˵ԺΪ
ꪵƷײͣԼмǧһ߲ϲһߡС쳣ǿģպÿսꪡ
СԣֱС콫˼˵ʱ򣬲Ÿ˵ķ˼Ȼ㿪ʼ
Ȼֻ裬ʲôɡ
ꪷ
СޣӼ򵥣Ϊ򵥵˼ά׽֪ʶ
췴սʹ÷ٶ˼ʮСѾȻ˳еңȴû©һһʽ
Ͼޣܶʱ򲻹淶ⲻӰ乥Ч
һ֮Խڿңһֱϲͣʾ

СȻԼĻ˴죬⵱ǲˣ𾪲ѡ
ңСꪷһЩУһ⾳
ܺúܺã
ƣ̾˵СΪԼһ
ʦ𣿡
ͻȻһʶһɨһ֮ߣվſڣ
ҹ˰ݷã
ô£
ʾһޣн˿ռָȻ˳ȥ
ʦֺ£˵ɣ쿴һԼĵӣ֣
ˣʦܣҲǻټ㻹ȥƵɣ
Ƶڸ߲֮ҲҪĳɽһֹͨӽģǻ׼ش顣
ڵΪƵڵĽдͻٿҲƵУ˶Խ롣
ʱ麣ηҹԼӦʲô顣
䣬Ƶȥ
һ·޻Ƭ֮󣬱ѵƵ
У㾶˿ˡ
ʱжһˣǹ麣η쵽ʵʶѾɨлһλ麣ηΪ൱ߣֻû¶˿졣
ǰһݡ
찡£Ҫ㣡麣η΢Цŵûһļƣƽ׽ˡ
׵ϣû˿ľŹη֪еǰΪ£
麣η죬֣صѴӦҶԼս
֮£֮٣쵭ص
Ҷɷһ֮ڵߣ㾳вС죬ûаգҿȡ£
л⣬ɷһ֮ѣӦ治ɬص
Ŷͺã麣ηͷ΢ЦŵҲսսڶû൱ʵ
漴麣ηбȻ̾ԻǧδйԱȼŵӣյŵӣһʦĸİȫڵİΣǲ
ģʮְսʤҶ麣ηĻ󣬱㿪ο
ã
麣ηվӿռָóһٿƷʯмƿҩ졣
һٿƷʯмƿƷĵҩ˽õģ£
һ㶣һٿʯ
ƿƷҩ
Щ˵һʲСĿ麣ηΪҲжʯ͵ҩ
ȴìˣգǲأ
ԼʯȻ࣬ѾǼ主ˡڵҩÿԵԡ
ɵƬ̣麣ηƺ쵽ʲôе㲻˼˵Ʒţ˶࣬ԴЩ׽ˣЩţʱ䣬ϻһ£һЩԴ㣡
麣ηĻЩжӹʯ͵ҩŻؿռָȻóһռָݸ麣η
Ǻ⣿麣ηɵ
ӸлĹػЩ͵лˣݵ
У麣ηûָĶУ޷ԴѾҵѵˣĶ


102 
°ɣӲȱЩһܿ˹麣ηָݻ
ͳȥĶջأ
û£Ӿ͸ˣ¹麣ηָǵ
麣ηѶҲһЦðɣȻȥһȥǵս
ٴιһݣȻ˳ƵԼסȥ
ԶӰ麣η̾
ȻǸӣѪ֮ʢɷ߻ǿȶδ
߳һˣԶȥ죬̾
ǰиˣ麣η̾漴еĿռָʶһɨüͷţ䡣
һӣռָʮƿ˳еһֻһۣд󾪣ʧ
ƣ
ʲô߲麣η飬ɻͻȻ˵㾪ʵ
麣ηû˵ֱӽǸƿݸˣһ䣬ֲ
ôܣ
麣ηʱˣ̶ƿÿһԾѡ
ƷĸѪԪ򶾵һʶĵҩ쵤
ҪЩҩÿһöеơ
һжʮĸƿÿһƿﶼװһöҩܼǧİöҩ
쵤ʮöͰʮ춥ߵԴ
Ȼֵ֪ҩôʲôã϶ǷƷ
ο̵ĵƣ
һۣٴο뿪ķ򣬲֪˵ʲôźãζӳ¡
Щҩ֪ҪֵʯҪǣʯһĵƷʵĵҩ
쾹Ȼֶʲôˣ
صס󣬱㿪ʼһͳȥǧöҩԼĴҲһ֡
㹻ҩģƳĵҩɷͿʼɷ
ɷɷΪõĵҩһֻܷðöɷԶʱڽΪֻ᲻ȣսҲΪĥĥӰ֮;
õıײ
ȥһҹʱ䣬ǧöƷĳõҩһ쵤
Щ쵤ڣĻʱڿ׳ŵʵ
ûƺ쵤ΪûҪ߸տʼǴĽ׶Σú쵤Ӱһú쵤ӣֻۺˮƽ
쵤ǻΪǸ۵ӣϻܵ˵СӣȽѾͷΪ쾳˵
οеǰ취ĸȣȻù˼̫ࡣ
Լսʱѵʰһ¥
ʱڴȺ
ʦ֣һҪնԹ̨սˣ²£СѾͷգŴ۾ǵʵ
£һСѾͷԴЦŴ
ģСѾͷƺš
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СѾͷһежһ˵Щһֳ裬ǣĳֹ۵ԡ
ţǸ
̣
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һǿܶˣҲȥӦս
һ˵ĳŵİʾ
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Ȼһмηɲ˵Ǹ̰ˣ෴һΪˣս֮ʱıԼţȻսʤ֡޷սʤ߾ȫ
ţϣ
ʱڵ䳡ɽ˺ޱ۷׷ףԤŽս
һ£ڣеӳ羴ŮӰĽ
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ЩУΪǿĴڡ
ͷķֱɷһ֮ߣһԼ˵ˡ
ұҲ߰˸ɷһ֮ĵӣһɷ֮ߣؾˡ
վһλ̨£Χ쾳ӽ̸ţֱɷ֮ɷһ֮ӦþǱҰ޼ɺ͸һˡ
עǻǹ̨м䡣
̨Уһ걸վ¶ЦݣӢٷ磬˳ϴ
ɷ֮ûв´˱磬ϯӣһһˣ
ڰߣվһ˵Ӱ΢ҡҷİˣɡ
ɷ֮
Ҫǣʱе㲻ˣ
ⲻǱԼŮ

ʾԼ
Ŀ⵭ɨһЩˣ룬ĵӲ඼ˡ
̨ϣ쿴˹麣ηͼ߲ӰǸֶϲƺ⿴ֱ֮ȶ
Ҷ˿ѾվնԹ̨ϣ֣۾ƺǵˡ
һȺеĿ۶
Ź麣η⣬ȻֱնԹ̨ȥݵ
Щĵڿһ˲䣬ɻ
ôʮ֮
ΪҲӦս
̨ڰһɲǣ΢һ
ôˣʦãо̨춯ʵ
ûʲǫ̂鵭Įش
ʵȴǷߺޱȣ͵ԼϴģѾôɱˡ
ֻԼ˲ܿԼӣԼ˶
ϣҶúýѵһСӣǴñף
߸Լ͵͵ǱסլݺݵĽѵһ£
Ȼһᣬɱ
˵ۻδţżһ㣬Լ̨ϡ
һΪ㲻ˣҶ۾Ƴһ죬Ȼû뵽㻹е
쵭ؿŶԷѻ˵꣬δ廰
ģһģҶ¶һֿ֮飬ǵЦݴмּթ
ν쵭ȻӦҶһ⡣
ʱԶִȴˣ죬Ҷ˶ڵĺĵӣȶ֮ʱ㵽ΪֹĪ˺Էǲ쳣Ե裡ս˭ʤ˭˫ĶԹһʹڹ洦
꣬ͷͬ⡣
սʼˣ
ǲ֪ôѡģôѡһ쾳߽ĵ֮У
Ǻĵӣ˵ֻһߣЩرУ
죬̽ɣ
ҶϻƪȴǱնš
޺ƣѩצ
̬Ҷŭȳֹ˹һֱԼΪƷ似޺ơ


103 ŰսҶ
ϮӿƺûиоһƵĿ£ֻĻӳһȭͨͨһȭӭԷơ
أ
ײվԭδҶȴ
ʵһȭȥ˵ԷĽǣֻΪͬţûбҪ˶֡
Ҷô룬ղӭ֮ԶԤϣվ̨¹ˣʱѻЩŸղŵ龰
ЩĵӶ⡣
ǿҰ޼ǰߣ˼򵥵һȭҶ̾
˼΢仯һ£ָֻԭȵ̬³֡
̨ϵĹ麣ηˣȴǺЦͷ
ҶΧݶʱÿˣ߳ŭʹ˳ٴι˹ȥ
ѩ޺ۣ
ƮΣ
Уȴһ˵һУȻһƣԷĺ󱳣Ҷܲһ򣬲ſڵϡ
ˣ
Ҷŭ죬˲ʮʵ䡣
鷳ˣҶҪʹɱˣһҶݺʱ仯
õģʦӦÿӦҰ޼ɶ̾ѣʮ㡣
ȻҶҲ˫ֳץץ˫硣
֣׻
˿δ壬磬ֱӭȥһƣײҶϡ
Ҷ类ػ䣬Ѹٺ岽ֹסΣЩ飬ʹ˦˦֣Ϣ֮󣬲Żָ
ȻмʵҶ𺣬һܽһУ˴ξӮ
ҲӦֱʹʮ˹ȥ
񷱼ף
һҶǿĹ֮ǰ׻ǿ屶ֹһʩչ֮ʹ֮޷֣ܶԼᴦΣվأΪʱʮ֮߰ˣ֮ǰĽʨӺ֮
һȴη壬ӿ֣ա
ҶˣĿ󣬱Ȼ֮ǰսʱ㿴ȻԼͱˡ
Ա˲ɻ󣬿һģеĺȻ
䳡ϵҲǾȲѣʲô似ô֣Щ߲㶼ġ
֮󣬱ʩչ˽հơ޴ĽӰײҶ˫צ֮ϡ
䣡
һ죬նԹ̨ϿըѣҲҶֱӵɳȥ̨
԰ףѪ˫֣һЩʹҡ
ȥеվԭأһܣδƶ֣ⲻҶ֣Ӳɵò
ϵĹ֮ˣȴĿɿڴƬ̵ͣ٣󣬱
ʲô
ûпɣôôǿ
⵽ʲôУ

̨ϵĹ麣ηҲǺȻ󾪣ôǿľУδţһʮ֮ߵʵ֮Ѷá
ӣ治
似ڶ˿ϰض۰ԷƵ۹һʮɷ֮ĳв¶̰ż˵˳
麣ηݱ䣬Ȼ˵֮ˣȻϣòҪĻⳤҲͷˣ
֪ճ麣ηĻ󣬾ֲѣͷ˲䣬еһ
ҪһΣ麣ηƳһۣ漴ĳϣݵǧ겻Լļֺ͵ߣǻɣӵеĶǹ¶ǱģҲԺд֣ϳͲ
ҵȽ̻壡ڳͬ
˵꣬Щ߲뿪˹̨ʱ麣η죬Ƶ
µЩĵӣղŵǿһС
Ǹ֣
Ȼﰵ
û뵽Ȼôǿôأ
̨ȴôԼôɱˡ
ɱˣѵҪ޸ɣ
ԼԸ⣬˼ҲһԸ⣬ôˣһвŮ˰ɣ
̾һԼ˿ѵҪɣ
λҲǸ뷨
˴αȶʤִдӽԺ˶Թ˽Ѱƣڹ洦ã
ݵȻҶֻԷ˲ţһЩҩȻͷҧ
̨һ˹ǰ·һСľͻϡ쿴ͷð˺ߣѾͷôôע
СѾͷһֱܹ˵컳һĳݣ̶ֱۣߴߴ˵ͣ޷Ǿǡ̫˧ˡ֮Ļ
εҡͷһСѾͷĺףȻ˵Ȼȥɣȥ
ҸһȥСѾͷȻˣ졣
ðɣԷʼˣֻôӦ
ǣΧ羴ĿУ뿪䳡
֮ʱ컹⿴̨飬ƯŮӣʱҲ˹˵Ŀһɢֱȥ̨鿴ıӰа̾ѡ
漴ȭͷĵԼһҪŬʵȥʰСӡ
ƵڵǰȺԼ˻ҡ
麣ηڵ˲ϲ֡
û뵽ʵôǿ²ɣ
ãָѣŪ
ԺҪעⰲȫ֮ˣҲҪ֮սõ似Ҷ۲˼㲻ɵİ麣ηĳص
ӽǣͷ⡣
ˣϴĵҩһЩϲǻʲô麣η˵Լʡ
쵤쵭ĵ
쵤ʲôã麣η֣ɻˡ
һֹϵʧҩĵҩ㽫쵤Ĺø˹麣η
麣η֮棬漴˷ޱȡ
óһռָȫԼƵ쵤ǧİöǰ˰ٸߡ
麣ηʵҩĳʱ˵Լʦµġ
ʦ
ͽܵߣ϶
麣ηҲʣһЩϵ飬ˡ
صסͻȻԼӦ񣬳ȥһ¡
úá
ʱõĴӰϣ̾Ϊ
ϣдͬȼͶӦĻ֡
һնɱɽܣʮ֣
һ񣬻ͷȥǣһٻ֣
񣬻ɱ棬ٻ֣
񣬻ɱƱȡܲݣһǧ֣
ļռʮ޵ˣǧ֣

񣬽ɱ֣
֣
ôࣿ



104 ·
첻еȤ˷
ϸһĽܣ
ǿ֯ʮˣΪɷ֮ɷ֮ɷһ֮ҽᣬ޶ܲλں룬ѹ
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첻Ȼʵôǿǿǵһ
ⶼһ߼սˣôΪݵĹ
ЩˣãΪɷ֮һö֡
ѡˣ
⣬ƣߵͳĴڣƽˡ
񣿡Էһƣ̧ͷһ죬ȷҪȡ񣿡
ͷ
һΣյ񣬻ûԸȥӣҲǺģϾΣʵѰӿӦġ
ˣ̬Ⱥܼ
ðɣףˣһ̾Ƹң
콫ԼƵ˹ȥԷԾȣһЩϢֵݸ졣
ʶ̽ƣ㽫еϢԺ
˸ղǺλԼһЩϢһİ
߳á
ղ˲𣿡ȥɻ

ͻ˭ҽǸ񣡡
ʲô񣿡

ʲô

˲Ȳѣĵƺһ㰡
죡

ȻסһˣԼһֱ뿪ڣǰ롣
һǧ·̣ٶȣҲܺܿ쵽ԣûȫ·ҲûʱƣαظϵôӰľ
ɽʱͲԼ˸ˣʶһɨɻ
ⲻ̨
Լʲô
ΪϴεҪԼ˰ɣ
ǲ£Ȼ֪ôȥӦŮˣڽη壬װûв
뿪ԶʱԼ˽סˡ
һϴԼ˵꣬ƺġһȴǸʮĸ֣ɷ֮
ǸʲôȻо߲ƣüͷ΢塣
ûʲôֻ㶫ŵص
ʲô첻ɻˡ
Ҷս似Ǹ֮ߵ
˭ԣ˹麣ηѣԼǴˣ漴һۣʵ
ˣӦеòڵĳϣҵĶӣ֮ǰ㽫ˣд£˱ֶص
ȡ쵹˿塣
Ҳ׷ҶʵصֻҪ㽫似ǾһʹΣ
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ôأֻҪ似ֺ֤ĵ
ҲǵͷӦ
㣡Цһ³ĸ֡
Ȼô֪ôôԵͷ䣬ޱȡ
ʱղתת󹦣Ӱ֣ǽʨӺǰࡣ
û취Էɷ֮ĸ֣ԼĿǰǶֻ֣ܳˡ
Ľе̰¶ţЩֳƣ˲乥졣
ʱѽ˵ˣֻһţһͷʮɸߵĽʨӰȻ֣Ŵ˾޿ڡ

޺ǿʶ֮ŻγһʨӰ˲ġ
¡¡֮ɽʯ䣬ľ㵹
ϸֱӱʮԶڵϡ
˵ľԱ飬ɢѪֹٲȻѳɷˡ
ݲ԰ף֣ʮ֮Զ죬̱ڵء
̨Ǳһʮ֮Ĵ£ԶϸӵսǵĶԻС
ţ㱻ǿʵˣЩ־塣ղĺҲˣԼ죬Ѿˡ
һƵУԼҲܣʱڵѾʣ޼кȻеѡ
ҸطϢһ£ʱȴܣϾ˻δ
Ҳںķѵ̬ȣ˼һƨڵϣﴩŴ̷һö͵شָ
̨֪ڲԶûиоɱŸҽԼƣ̬¶
Ȼ̨ԶԶһ죬ʱ˹
ʮϢ̨ǰ
ϸ̱ڵϣ˿̨̿飬·˾һ㣬̨ʦֶɱ»ڲ
ʦãɱ˴ˣ򣬵ָдѣҲ
̨ûǶ˵ĻбһӣܵĲϣδţɱĿָ
̨鰵̾һջ˽Ȼߵϸǰһӣ˵ĺ
˻кһغˡ
ɱ̨֮ٴߵǰϯضע
Ϣ֮첢ûֹͣ˹ָֻ۾ӭĿ⡣
лл⻰Ƿθ֮ԡ
ѵһ𣿡̨鿴ЩԹ
֪˼⵹֪λشˣ˶ݵĳĬ
紵Ůںڵ˿ڷƮ޶ˡγУһ˿ˡ
˱ϥӰ·ܲĸŪˣһ˿ϧ֮⡣
쿴ε̾Ϣһֻ˵֣
Բ
ֻ𣿡̨ƺʧе˸ˡ
ǿð㣡
һٶȳĬ
Ƭ̨֮ƺʲôЩԿڣҲ֪·˺ܴƵģ죬΢죬Ȼ󿪿ʵ
ԸȢ𣿡
һʱе޴ˡȷʵû뵽̨˵
Լ֪λش
Ȣ
ԼѾˣôȢŮˣңԼ̨ҲֻǸʶ˴֮䶼İû̸ۼ޵ĵز
Ǿܾ᲻˺
Ůӵһ㶼Ǻܴģ̨ԼѾ˼ҵ壬ѾڣǾܾ֪ᷢʲô顣
Ѿأ֪ش
̨˵󣬱ͷٿǰƺԼСӣ˵ģ߲ѡ
ϣش˵Ը⣬Ĵʯͻ¡
ʵڼ˶֪簮Ľ̨飬ҡΪ˾һԣɲŮòһԡ
ǣҲ̨֪ξܾıףԼרעڶŮ˽顣


105 
ʵЩֻǽڣרע٣ڶŮ˽飬ûҵϲ˶ѡ
Ƿǳ㣬ǲԼϲ͡
̸ϲϲΪ˻ûнӴҲνһ顣
ֻǣ˿Լ壬ΪһصŮˣŻ뷨
ҲŮ˵ʱ򣬱ϣиΪǶԷһԣҲǻȸԾ
ǣһӶȥˣ컹ûлشЩʧ䣬̧ͷǰӣ۾ˮ
ʵͷ֮غ԰ϵ⣬ȴܽ顣
һ£˵ԲѾϲˣ
̨һʱޱȵʧ䣬ǷſЦûϵֻ˵˵ѣص棡
첻֪ˣѾ׼˱Էһ٣ǵ
ֻ̨龹Ȼ˵⣬ϸƯŮϵı顣
Ȼ¶΢Цǿգеʧ䣬˾ġ
ҿԲܶණΪ񣡡˼㿪ڵ񼶹似Ʒʵҩ
񼶹似
Ʒʵҩ
˭Ҫ
Щ½ϵζҪû˿Ծܾ
޾ԣ
似Ʒʵҩ̨ƺﲻѣʵ
֣صصͷ
벻ôУ̨̾ǿȫ½߶ı𣿡
ȷǺ󣬲ÿ˵ļֵ۲ͬҲ΢΢̾ҿЩҲҵðǣֻЩˣ
̨󣬳Ĭһٴο죬ȻһЦ
˻ر𣡡
֮ͣ˵ҲҪĹ似͵ҩֻҪӦһ飡
쵹Ǳ⣬Ȼ˲ԼĶ
ʲôļֵԳ񼼺鵤
ʲô飿
ٰҵĵ£̨һﾪˡ
£˼壬֮·ϵİ£ӵ˼
ٰ£
Ǻ⣿
쵹Щͷˡ
ɻؿ̨飬ֻԷһɨеɫ΢Цŵ
ģһֱ׷ңҲϲܾ˼Ҳ԰ѣֻܳ²ˣ
˲׹ֻһЩ⡣
ˣǶģϲģ
Ļ̨ҡҡͷһûϲˣ˵ףҸģ֪Ѷ˵ģͺˣ㣬ʵҲѡ
Ҳ˼ͬصͷ
Ӧ𣿡̨鿴죬ʵ
ҴӦ㣬ֱҵԼϲΪֹͷӦ
Ǿллˣӽҵĵˡ̨ЦȻ
Ȼ³һҪô˵Ƿģ
̨еʧһԺҾͽ㡮졯ɣ˸ţ
ţԣνǼװĳƺѣԺͽ㡮һЩ
̨鵱ȻӦˣ漴ʵ˵񣬽ɱ
ţȻô֪ˣ
ȫ¶֪ˣ̨ǿüǰ֣񣬿ɻǷˣⲻһ˿ɵģ
ʼ磬ʾνֲ£ɷܸ֮㶨οǼɷ֮ġ
̨ҲѡôֲĹȻˡ
ô̸ʱܿȥˣȫָˣվϵĳȻһ۲Զʬ壬˹ȥǵĿռָȻһȼľֱӽճɻҡ
̨鿴ֶƵΪȣ֮ǰ˵Ųɡ
öָӲ̨Уοʵ
ȥ
ҷҲţȥ뿴ɣ̨ȻһЦ
˼ͬˡ̨ʵòսԱûκġ
˱·ˡ
һ·ϣ˵Ц޻˵򣬵£Լѵ飬Ҳ˵̨
֪ϲʶ½ŮӣԼżʱ֪ΪԼΪˡ
Գ
ôӣ̨ȷʵ䲻ϣ
;нӰ̨飬Լһָ̨ܿҪ죬Ͽʩչԭе
Ȼû֮⾳ȣܴ
·ߵ˲ʱ䣬ֱҹʱ˲ŵ˺롣
ʱֵңü
ºڷɱҹ
ҹʺɱˣ
ĵվѹ
ȻǶԾ˵ģṦ˲ڿն̨飬˺ܲ
һʯͷǣɽС
ʶɨ˽˳ڵ
ܹʮˣʮ죬ʮ
쾳ߣʮ죬ɷġ
һЩӦòǺģȫסƫŮӣģֻǿĥѡм˱һò
ʾ̨ڽȻ㻯һ磬ϢǱ˼ɷһ֮ķ
⼸ζϣϣϣűĥĺܿŮӡ
첻ɱһӹֻ˼˵ĲӣǵĿռָ
Ȼ㻽˼˺۵Ůʾǲú£˵⣬㽫еŮӼ̨չˡ
֮ߵǱģһ¥ץԺǧʯ˹ȥ
Ϊס棬ƺҲǺˡ
ɲĵذɱòҸ֣Ҫö֡
䣡
һ죬ʯǽϣֱ˸󶴣Ʋ¥ڻٻ˴롣
ǽԾʮ˶ɱ¥
Ϯ
ѣ󣬴һ漴˹ȥ
ʮˣΧס
ҹ죬ŭ죬ȵ
ɲһçǰȻʮ֮ܽǧʯʯǽͨ˿еġ
ĪΪ
뵽
Ϊȴ캦飬ܷŹ㣬ҹ㽫նɱɱʢ
˭ë⡣
ڣ죡˵գֱӳ֣ǧַʩչӰ֣ҹգֻ޴ճ֣Щ쾳ϡ
䣡䣡䣡
Ǽʮ쾳ֻƬ̣ȫˣȫ
ֲ
ʱ֣ʲô似ôǿ
Ӱɣ
첻ᣬ˲˹ȥսһ
֮Ŀ˾Ҳɵ⡣ڿһʱ򣬼Ҳ˹ȥȫ졣


106 ˺
˿壬ȫʩΪһƱ˶漴ʹĦڭֱָӻһ˵ͷʱԽĽڷ
ţ黨ָ˫ֻûЯŻޱȵʣµɷ֮ߡ
ǿˣûȥֻˡ
ԥʩչһָ͸նֱӴ͸˵üġ
Ѿû¥иʯңͨԶ졣
ߵʱʶѾɱֱ֮Ӹ˹ȥ
ѾʯңһشʮĶʯɻؿơ
˿壬תȫʩչ˽հơ
䣡䣡䣡
˼ƣʯѾʼҡˡ
ֱתƴһȭڶʯϡ
أ
䣡
ʯɽʯֱӴˣһխխͨǰ
ûͣ˲˽ȥսŵʱ
ʶһɨ֧ǹ֮
ż㣬ʩչƣѸڿգȻʩչǧҶ֡
ɳǹϡ

ǹȫϣɢһء
䶨ʯңֻѾǽǣһڽǹֵؿſ߽졣
ӵ𣿡ɫĬȻ
Źңҽеղض㣡ɪɪ
ɱ㣬Ķȫҵģ
쳣ҪöԷһ£ǿĸо
ҪңһԱ
ԣ˵껰ʹָͻڶԷĵϣ˲˶ĵԷƺûзӦ̱ˡ
ûϢڣһĦڭָദ
أ
ѪĽؿѿһ󶴣ʵر۾
ˣ
쿴ʯңӦòǶģʯʵ¾ɳ̶ȣȻǧ֮ˡ
ʯӣдװֻᣬһЩ鱦
ȻֵǮ鱦ãЩᣬֻ˲Żռ
첻ЩеĶͳͳһ飬Ȼս˿ռָ
ȡ˶Ŀռָ
һ⹴ôãһѼ˲ٺöɣ
Ȼкöϣȫײϡ
һЩƿƿ޹޵ģװ׵ҩЩ˵ûôδɡ
󣬾
ʶһɨĸȻء
ˮ齣Ʒ似
ԪƷ
ƣƷ似
Ʒ似
һﻹ˲ٺöЩ似ڣҲϳ似
һ򣬱ȽرƺԶˡ
ңнƣԶʶǿȣ޷򿪣
쵹ǿԡ
ȫʶ򣬹Ľơ
ʱͷ󺹣ɫƣǽƸƿˡ
Ʈľ
Ʒ
찡
ȻǸ߽׹
쾪֣漴ʶ̽У׹ϸһ顣
⹦Լ
רŸŮĶ⹦
Ҳûоɥ֮⣬ԼĹܶ࣬ȻὫ׹
ǿ̨ȥѺѩ˵ݸ߹󣬵׹ĿǰʮĹˣѲһС
ԣע⡣
պеĶ֮ϵڽǹ
⻹һѹӵĵؽױƺ߱ħкһ㡣ԼǧǹʰɫûйâųࡣǹͷΪ֮״磬ûһ˿֮С޵УҪȥС
һѺñ
Ƚϲǹꪣνһ糤һǿǳơ
㽫ΪãԼһ
˶Դװӽռָ˰ңԺ쿴̨ڰ²ŮӣԽʬϵĿռָȡĶһ£Ůȥ
û°ɣ̨Ƚϵ죬ȥôã᲻ʲôˡ
û£˵
ЩŮһڵأͣͷл
ֹס˵ĶóһЩ˵ҩ˵ˣֻмģĶͨŮӡ
콫Ľ鱦ַʮŮӣһЩԴЩŮӡ
ҹɫ˴ЩŮ˺룬ʱһѴǱ
˽ЩŮӴһСǣɳͻؼˡ콫Ʈľһֲ©ش̨飬ú
Ȼ˱ظ;һСʱͻȻͣˣΪʱһ⡣
޷ѹΪˣҪɷˡ
֮ǰΣոоֳˣ
ѵҪɽٲɣ
ôأ
첻ˣ
˼Ƭ̣컹Ǿȥ̵ɽͻƣ
ҾҪͻɷˣңҸطͻƣһûлֱӻŰɣ쿴̨ɫ
ô£ͻƾѣȥʲǫ̂ʱһͷˮͻƾǺ°ôȴ˵˳ءοɷҲܳȥɣ
ͻƺر𣬺ܿҪɽ٣
ʲôɽ٣ôأ˵龳ŻٵǶûй̨һһ漴ɻ
ָоԼܻܿ٣ҵԤкģɫǳࡣ
ӣ̨ʱЩˡ
ȥɣ̨鿴죬ﾡǹ֮⡣
㲻ȥˣҵĻΣգɫϾɽǴ飬˵ὫһЩ鷳ˣ
˵޵˷ǽɷٵĻôһᷢܶ顣̨Լֻܵǣ
ĵ£ȻǼװģҲܿ㷢ʲôɣֱ̨۾ȥɣһվԶԶؿɽ٣
ܾŮмᶨɫֻܴ֮Ӧˡ
Ѹٽɽ֮У˲һʱͣ
ҾǰߵɽͻƣĪ̫ʣ쿴̨Ȼ
ţҾվԿ̨ͷҪСİ
ͷ漴뵽ʲôԼĿռָȡһͨĿռָһЩҩʯ棬㽫ԼĹӵĿռָݵ̨ϡ
Ҿʹ棬Ķ⣬ȫġУչ˺ҵֵܣ콫ռָ̨СĿҲеģ˭֪ܷܵ׽٣罻̨鱣ܡ
ֵܣ̨鲻Ժʲô˼ֵܡ
򵥵Ľ˽ָеСС̨龡ܾ֣ǱصĻӰˡ


107 
һ죬ӣ˵ʳˣᣬ˵֮ͷҲأɽ¡
̨鿴ԶȥӰ۾ģ֣˫ֽ콻ԼĽָ
İɣˣһԸ
ߵɽ±ߣŶ
ף㱣Ӻ˳ͻƣ
ˣѻ취ģ
ֻǡ
⣬޷赲ֻܳˣ
鰡ϣ㷢ӹãҰȫɣ
һ󣬱óһٿʯ˼ö㿪ʼͻơ
תͽղ񹦣ţӰء
أֿʼתӰ湦ͬʱתΧӿ
ķӰԽԽԽԽʵһʱ󣬷ӰʧԼĽɫӰһ㣬ڽ֮ϣׯϣؿһdָ֣ա
̨վԶʱΣĿɿڴˡ
ʲô


糱ϫһ㣬ʮɽӰûˡģγһɴСУתٶȾȻˡ
ɵֱתһɸߵĽɫ롣
ΧȻûֹͣɫս֮㿪ʼ䣬ά״
ʱĵУѾתԵľҲת
ת뾭У뵤ѭ
ʶҲڽı仯ţɫĲ죬һһڽҡҷԡɫϿյޣϵ
Χм䣬ͷųŨϢ
֮죬·һܣȵڵء
սϷƷ·γһֻۣע·Сϵ졣
ģʱȥˣĵȻըѣΧѾ纣Хһ㣬ңԵʱԽһĥ
ѸٱСľУѭת
ըѵĵںֿʼϣըѣȻָϡˣһֱѭ˾Ŵֹ֮ͣ
ʱĵһ˿ɵһƬһ˿֮Сغ飬ڵС
˰ʮһѭ֮лص˺ࡣǶľ˰ٱԸǧֹ
쵭ɫϵطҲʼζȫ֮С
ϵķ⻪һʮְ״̬
Χȫ˵ת˿յľѹţޱȴ
;бʱǡ䡱һ죬еĺ鿪ʼתȫҲʼԴ
ʮŸԺʶȻ죬һǿҵĻУգʶ˲ǿΧǧķΧǡ
ңʶеľ󣬱ԽԽˡ
һӺʶƽ
ΧĲҲƽ
ֳʮɽӰ֮ǰʮӰԼӡ
֮˳һԼ
ɷ죡
ֱӽɷ죬ڣ
Ȼղôһ龳ˡ
֣˴󲿷֡
첢ûΪϲãɫˡ
еܲѹɽ£ƺҪѹĩ
쿴еƺֵ׹⣬
Զ̨ȴǵѣͱղŵľһٿе׵磬ŵÿҪվסˡ
о׽Ҫˡ
ȻϢ֮һСֱ۴ֵɫ׵绯һ֧ɳìٴ졣
ʱ죬Ȼ壬˲ת׵սڡ
һǿҵľгȫֻϢָȻеʹ֮УԾȫԳܡ
Ϣ۴ֵɫ׵绯ɵ״ϣεʹ֮б֮ǰǿҰٱ
Լ׵ǻӪʣ򵥵˵кôġ
е׵֮󣬸оԼ΢һЩ仯ʱԺԡ
ʮϢ֮󣬾ŵֱһֵ׽˲Ϣ塣
ʱ򲻽ЩأĹ֮ǰǿʮ֪ʱֹ
רת״壬ʱ˵ɫ
ĵ׽֮ʮ˵ȴֵʮɳ׼˱סˣûС
̨龪壬һҲ֮ǰĸ룬˱׵û졣
ֻǣûܼ岨׽ٽˣ
ʮֻ׵磬˱û죬ÿһֻһɸߡɽ£ȻһƬ׳ء
ֹ̨ס涣űû죬ط
һ׽ٳһӣȲɢһѾˡ
ʮֻϵ걼Ϯɽ³һƬ׺ľ׵ոˡ
øɽʯ䡣
̨鱻ѣ̺ʮɣ˹Լʶڱ˵
׽ٹ˰ʱ֮ǰĵطγһʮֱ׼롣
ѵû£̨ĨȥᣬĿת׼룬гΡ
һʱٴݺᣬʮֻɫ׻űλáֱӳ׼֮УֻһϢʱ䣬׼ֱʮɴС
ʱ̨е֮ɫȥ˫Ŀ񣬵ڲݴУԶľ޴
ǲ̣ΪҪ˶
̨鲻졣
ֻǣͷ㱻ǰľסˡ
ֻһ޴׼˳˲ţŽɫâ

вһ
ѵû
϶ˣôôܻأ
һû£
һ
̨ʰϣվ˫ֱһ𣬷ǰ׼ϽϽɫ
ģ׼СˣʮɴСȴǰСҷС
ʱɫֱˣ
¡¡
һף׼ѣϽɫȴţĴγһֱһɴСĽ룬żзӰ֣ޱȡ
ʱ󣬵ճ˰ʮһֻʷˣķ̨ܲסٴʮɣҷһöҩ
ʮһ׵˽ϽΧˣģγһֱɵ׼룬Ӱģ
ǰֻһɫ׼룬޴ޱȣʹӳ˰졣
ʱһ޵׼ѣֻ˵طһֻʮɴСޣвʣ쳹ס
ģޱˣԼаɴСΧ׵綼ˡ
ȻŲһŭ𣬺ֱƿеơ


108 ٺ
޵ƺΪŭֱͷų˾ʮŵ
ʮ׽٣˲סޣ֮޵Ĳų̆ڽѪòһɡ˿̣ԭڵľ뽫ɡ
ס֮رһֱɵʱʱС
һֱһʱ䣬ڵҹձ̨ؿΧеľ
賿îʱңʮɴСƺС˳ʱʱѾһɴСɫȻϽɫġdְΧţޱȡ
ʱ̨ߵվήҡŽŲ˹ȥھʮԶĵطͣ£ǰĵط˫Ŀ޹⡣
ʱѵʼ䵭ˣһӣʧˡ
ʧԭسһϽɫĺǣڵϣ֡
̨鿴һۣڵϣԭήҵ飬ʱǺƺˣſڱ׻ո˵Ĳݴ۾رˡ
ʱȥˣ̨ȻδѣϽ𺡹ȴ춯
ֻϽøһźתΧ֮ȫɹȥϽ𺡹ǰγһ͸Ͻ롣
ģԽԽʵ𽥿
һʱȥˣڼ
ʱȥˣˡ
ҹٵʱ̨黹˯Уε죬ε޸
ϲޱȣĻС
§ţоԼҸŮˣ
ֻ֪һΣ
Σվѵģ
ҹȥչմ֮ʱ̨оѡ
ƺδ˯лָȻŵ΢Ц
ˣ
ѹ֪һݵζѣ
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ǣ̧ͷǾϽ𺡹ʱɴ۾
ԭԼΣ
ţ
ֻʱɽٵĵطѾһϽɫŭţɴСģһӰؿһƴġd˸Ž⣬ʮɴСɫӰׯϡ
̨ϲԽȻٴᣡ
ջ£ӵճϵһ˿ݻҡ
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ȫ֮ǰǸǵ̨飡
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¶ߺ֮ɫȫ죬ͷǣƺֲ벻
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ʱ죬ȫûһ˿ëͺͺ֮
ƤϽɫ۾ţԼԼй֡
ȻţɻܿȳƵıļ⣬ŮӼС
̨еİĽ֮ɫ¶š
Ŀתע죬壬ǵ˻Լǰʧ
ʱȥˣƺҲŨϢɢ
ΧĲݵϾȻѿһУȷС
ͷҲ˳ţüëҲˣȫеëˡ
ʱָ˶ɽǰӣȻë
ʱ죬˵֮ǰ˺ܴĲ죬ͷųı·ߵʯͷ
·һֵĺۼ翡
ؿڵġdԣƽ˼ظС
ģ۾תΧɽȥ
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ʱ죬Ѿ֮Ϣޱǿһ׽٣ܵǰδеʹĥͻ
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ʵ첻֪Լɵĵʲôס
ףֻһͳƶѡղŶɵΪľ׽١ΪŲ׽٣ǿغ鱣ͻΪɻˡ
˳ɹ٣Ȼʮ־޴ֻ޷ôѣֻ˰֮һĶ伢ˡ
ǰ֮һҲС硣ңƶĸо࣬ѾҲһ˿
ʱʶѾԽΧһǧİķΧǣԼ򵥵Ρ
Ҫǣٵϴ˴ȵѾ쵽˵һ֮ľ硣ֻҪԵãȡһ˿ԽһСɡ
ǿȻö˵׶ģôˡ
ϽصƣٲȻĽһߡ
ŲԶͷ̨飬첻ɻôŪˡ
˹ȥǸմӽûʶԼĳ¶塣
ôŪˣ

̨̧ͷһ죬漴ɴ۾Ȼתͨ죬˫ס
챶ɻ漴ʶʲôҲǾһԶ
ԼôôȻ·ܣɶˣ
ɶǣһŮǰ¶Ϊˡ
Ȼǿǹ룬ƤǺġ
鷳Ӹһ·һôԶ̨麰
̨¶˽΢Ц죬ʲô·ĺܺÿģ
ʱ׵ˣ̨仰ٻҪǿ
ˣ֮ѾиָˣǵĸϽߣȻ鷳ʶɨ֮߸ɷ֣һɷ֮ɷ֮
ϹɣҲ̨֪ȻţΪںŪԼ
ģ
شȻ⵹˼֣һӣĿռָ㱻˹
ӵ֣ѸóһѥӣٻϣȻ̨ȥ
ʱֵҹ˿ֻǺӰѣ˵𲻴
̨ϵĲݻҺۣһ
䣬ϵĲݻҷȥһ̨·ϵĻҳ
Ĩȥϵۡ
㵣ˣžգ
û¾ͺą̃򶨣漴³֡
˵ز˾߰ɣ̨䣬ʱķȥ
ľٶ̨û˿⣬ñţҲͦҸġ
Ǹǿߣͬһ·ߣ첢ǡ
ܸӦЩ˵ʵǿһ֡ڵԼǲýʨӺҲԴ
ԣֻǳԼķߣǱܿЩˡ
Ǿսɣ˭˭أ
οոͻƣһսǺܲġ
˵ٶȱȽϿ죬̨߱齲ԼɽʱΣ̨龪ﲻѡ
òΪƶƼ
ҪҪҪʶҪˡ
ر⼸ȫܳɹɹ١
졣


109 ٺս
ʱ컹ߡ
Сôˣʲôһʮʵ˵Ϊɷ֮
ܸʲôҹģйŮĽҰ⣬϶Ǹǲɸ֮£һССӵ
죡²̨ʱԽôĻŭȵ
ߺС˻ͦģϲСӿһ̨飬Ŀ쵽
ʲôˣ
һ˿ڵһɷ֮ߣźɫۣΪ졣
ڣ죡쵭ص˵ıȻأѾС̡
ڣЩȣ˱㿪ڵƬڹϽôˣ
Լ飬ҲҪ˵췴ʵ
󵨣СŭȵƫԶɱ㣬Ҳû֪
δ˵꣬Ѿ˹ǰ
첢ż˵ƾԼֻʱѸһȭ󴦡
꣡
ĹСӵұۼˣҽһˣֵؿ졣
ҲǾһȻ쳣Сӣһѵ󣬲Ȼ
ǿ
ĪΪ
ǿ˵ҲͶʮ꣬Ϊ֮ߣ
һǻϵļһɣʳʲôפյ֮鵤ҩŻģ
컺ȥУ⵹˵Ŀ־˼֡
λǰոնе£õ˿űƽ죬ֵ뿪
˵꣬תߡ
Ҫ߿ԣ£쵭ĮžɽУһ˿ɵơ
˸ȥĽŲʱͣת죬ɫѿ
СӴʱ龪쳣һĿգݻзŲ԰ףк˻࿴һۣ˶Էıŭ
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˵ˣߣ£̬ȼ۾һֱСӡ
Щµˣǣ˼ŭ
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һֱʩչһָľնƺӦΪʱ
أ
СĿըһȭͷСĶѪͣӿ˳۾ѸٵɴȻ㿪ʼɢʧȥɣԴһᣬûϢ
ܣܣ˿С˲ͱɱ֣ͬʱֱʹ쳣ҡСӵʬе
ˣ˾ͬʱ˵䣬۽Ƴһ졣
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رĺϻ֮
첻ϲ˫ȷֿڵϣղ񹦻壬ͬʱ˫ֳƣƳ
ƣ
أ
˺ͺ˵ĺϻûһ𣬱㱻ɢ˺оǺȻ֮ɫ
治ɫչʵܵķ˫ģֻΪԼǿûܵһ˿˶ѡ
Сӣ
ڶѷ֣
˺ͺ˼һ޹ʩչ˵ڶ
ֻ˵ֲͬɫУɫǺɫһһƵϮ졣
۾ŵɫĹâ˫ǰһd֣Ȼȭٴλࡣֻ޴ȭͷӰƾճֱ֣ϡ
䣡
죬ҵ˸ղվĵطһɴСĿӡ
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벻㾹ȻֶΣܺã⻹ûǵǺϻʵôƵģ
ػ
ѸӵߣٴιһȭֻڰΧһ
ͣתԭ˺ڰ֮ɫʱȻһ𣬻ɵһƬ壬·ˡ
ת˲ߵ塣˵ƺӰ첻
ֱʩչצץǰߵĿռ䣬һɫӰ֣޴צֱӻɵ
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޴צֱ˺ѵǰĿռ䣬ˣǰľˡ
ʲôȻ˵ôܣ˴󾪣岽ֹסΡ
Ĺ쵭صκβң
˶һۣƺʲôһŶԷͷȻ㿴ڿնվͷһɴ
ĻǬת
ͷһȻ죬ٴν
ĻűϮתղ񹦣ʮϽ֣Լķ࣬ׯޱȡؿڵġdֹâ
ǧַ
ֻɫֳܣǿ
䣡
һ죬˲ɢӰȥƲֱӻϡ
أأ
˺ͺ˵ɳȥˤʮ֮⣬ѵ涼ҳһǳӡ
һŻˡ
ţҡҡλεȥòϱ鲼ѪΪǱ
̧֣Źǰɣ˳˼ͣȻڵϣ
ߣǻߣȴãʱˣ
첻ᣬֱʩչָȡȻǵĿռָ
ռָмǧƱмǧƷʯͼƿ׵ҩ
˵ĿռָҵһСƤͼ
ص֮ǰʩչǺϻû뵽ϻ󷨣ȻǵؽƷĹֻĲΪֵͣӲսѡ
쵹ǶսܸȤһ¡
ǰƤͼǳϣͼһʶڼȱȫĵλãǶԴ½ϤˣҲһϵĳο졣


110 ʶﺮ
Щ̨顣
̨һֱڿ˵սȻмνΪգǱ˳ˣǰˡ
ôˣ쿴ŶԼ̨飬ɻ
ûʲôǾӺ˧̨ȻһЦ
Ҳֱ̨֪䣬˾䡰߰ɡ˱ʧԭء
ˣ;תʱǧ֮Զ
һ·ϣ̨齲һЩ򣬲СС̨ܸʶ
޵ļ룬֮Ļ
̨ɷ֮ڣþͿͻƵɷ֮ˡ
λȥҪʼɷˣ̨ðöɷԶʱڽɷ㡣
˰ʱͻȻüͷ
ôˣ̨鿴ı飬ɻʵ
Ϸﴦս
սÿ춼ս̨Ļв⡣
ɷһ֮׷ɱһɷ֮ߣɫǱ׷ɱ֮ķƺڣ
Ŷ̨龪Ȳѣ벻ʶȻôԶҲֻ̽ɱ֮к
һŮӣƯŮӣ쵭ص
̨˼Ϣ֮ǹȥɣ
ãͷӦС𻽽˿ռָȻС죬̨飬ٱϷ

С椶Ӳˣ˴нǧ֮Զһʱصȥ𣿡һ꿴ŰΧеĻŮӣЦ
ģ콫ǿɷһ·һ
ʣҲߺţȴǳ
ǰŮȻˣսǿвܻᱻɱ
ΧɱŮа˸ˣ˽·ɱǶԷˣûеҩԼ˿ͱɱˡ
ڿǴ󵨣ڶŮӴɫ԰ףѶദˡ˿ƣȻ͸֧ļ
ߣɱ㣬˭֪ǸɵģοǧڳҲڣһƺͷЦŵ
һڣһڵλ
ڴʱһһ㣬ʮﷶΧ
Ȼν׽֮ʵԽʨӺѴС֮һ
ԽʨӺΪӰһֵȽʨӺҪǿɱķѵȴһ㣬ʶõĶһЩ
ȻֻǸոкܴȱݣЩȱֲˣ϶һ񼼡
ղŵĺо˼ֹ֡˵УԴʮ
ϵļ˴󾪣ĪǱڵĸַˣ
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ô죿
С椲ɱͽˣȳɣͷ֮˲жϣԼ˵
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С椣ǷŹ㣬ϣϣͷ֮˵꣬ߡ
ǻŮϰݣȻǿԮϵͲܷŹЩػĵļһ
ӣ룡
ж̽һӣ嵽ǰ˲ס
ǽ˴ŭ漴ʾ˺Ϲ
ʱ֮⣬ʩչƣϢ֮󣬱༸ʮ֮Զ
ס֣
һȣս˫ͣŮӿһ죬ɣ˹ȥ
ʱ̨ҲϵˣһŮӣǰ
ʦ㣬ԭ㣡Ůӿ̨飬¶һ˿Цݡ
ʦãô£̨鿴ŻŮϵ˿ڣеʵ
ȵõһö㱻ڵĵ׷ɱˣŮƺģɫѲ԰֮˵
̫ˣҪ˵Ϣһ£ߵŮԣóһöԪ˹ȥ
лŮӵĻδ˵꣬˹ȥ
̨󾪣סŮ̱壬죬ǼС
סŮӵʶ̽һ壬漴ɫ˺أ͸֧ι⼸öҩ
ٴóöƷеƵѪݸ̨顣
̨ӹҩеɫһ㲦ŮӵĿڣҩι˽ȥ
תƬ֮ҩ㿪ʼˡȻſ̨飬ҩȥ⼸ֻӬ
̨ͷֵڻŮӵıϣҩ
ˣɫĮȴ΢ɱ
ʱΪ䵽ɷһ֮˿󣬲ûߡ
Сӣ˭һ˿ǰ죬ɻص
ڣ죡
˲ɻˣǷƵ۹Ĵţڵʮ˸ĵӣǶ˵ˡ
֮ǰ˭ģͷ֮ɻ
ң쵭ص
ţԲšڵĳϲſʩչֶΣһɷһ֮ߣôܻء
ңǳϼȻûг֣˵׷ԼˡϾݷѾмڻɱԼߡ
ңֻͬɱ⣬ŶĬ̬ȣ̫ļƽϡܲܵӴˣȥҶԷ鷳ɣԵЩСˡ
λֵܣղֻһᣬ⣬ҵȾʹ˱ǣͷĽ˹һ֣˻һ֣뿪
ߣɫĮ£
ʲôͷɫ䣬Щ࣬ת죬ֵܣ֪ôȻǵĳϲ׷ǱûʲôˣھԳԿͷ
һᣬֱʩչ˶ҶָѸϮ˵üģ˲Ϣ˻ûӦüıһ㶹С̱
ŲźȻأѪ˳
˼˵Ŀռָ󣬲Żص̨ߡ
ɣ̨ΪߣҩҲҪһʱ䣬ԼһЩ
ţ̨֣ͷͬ⣬óλá
˫ƵסŮӵıģʩչķڡ
Ϊ͸֧Ůӵ켰ʱ˵ҩת
͸֧һ֮٣ֻվʱ߲Ż²ߡǱܣʱǿʵԱ
͸֧ܵ˺ϻ˥̣Ӱ츳
Ů֮ǰһܵΣ
һӺ󣬻ŮѹҩѾ͸ȫˣٹһԻָһơ
оԼһ˫ȵĴֵסЩɬҪѣ㿪ʼ
𶯣촫ں޷ԼҩҪУ


111 
ĻֹͣԹԵľš
ʱҩȫ츨Ůȫա
ɫѾָûлָѾת
ˣֹͣ˹󣬱ֻҪ죬͸֧ĺ֢ȫɻָ״̬
лл㣡Ůְһ죬漴Աߵ̨飬ٴνĿ죬ﺮմ
ʦ㲻ˣҽ죬½ĺĵӣ쿴ǰԵŮӣ
죡ﺮһ֣ŵ벻ʦᣬʵȴǿʦ֮
쵭һЦû˵̨㿪ˡ
ʦãҵĵ£ʵһ޵֣
Ŷﺮǳ⣬̨Ĺϵã֪Ů֮鿴ýϵôξܾıءǣͻȻֳһ£Щˡ
̨鿴ﺮı飬֪ʲô͵һ飬ԲŻˣ
򵥵ؽһ£ﺮҲٶʣ˱㿪ʼСһһ̨黳ﶯһﺮϿͣ˵òֺ
ŮƺϲСһҲĶ
Ŷˣ㣡ﺮƺʲôӿռָóһУݸ죬ллľ֮
쵭صҶͬţлģ
Ͳ뿴ʲô𣿡ﺮɻصǱˣͲȡлأʦܵڲͬ
ûжԣҡҡͷʵʶȻԲĶû
ʶǿ󣬿á
̨鵹Щɻˣʵװʲô
ﺮһۣ˺ӣһöɫĹӳڼǰ


ȻʶԼмöڿռָСⶫ伢
ʱﺮΪű׷ɱġ
̨鲢ʶ漴ʵʲô
ﺮûڣСȴˡ
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ﺮȴҲǾȲѣ벻С쾹Ȼʶ
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С죬ⶫֻģã쿴СһﲻӣͣŮӣҼǰںɽһõʮö
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ﺮպãҪ֪Ȼó˼ƿҩ͸ﺮ
ﺮôҲϽܣֱ̨Ȱ֮£˸Ǹмˡ
콫ԼΪ䵽ɷһ֮ŮҪ˵ȥ
֪Լżʱ䣬ͽС磬ܶ鷳ġ
˵ٶȽϿ죬˰ʱ䣬صڡ
ﺮصԼס̨޹ǵ֣ȥ˵ЦΧĵĽʺġ
ôͻˣô֪Ѷ˰ɣ˿һ죬ֿ˿̨飬һ˿ɫȻĵص
ģ쵭ص
ʲôʣ漴ȻصҲԣȷʵǵӿɵģû£ɼλȥҵ»ƣ
һ£޷񣬱ҪȥһЩ֣Ȼ¹ű˽ӡλ¿Ϊû˽Ƶġ
ϣˣѾˣ˵ţӿռָӣ˹ȥǶͷ㲻ţȥ飡
˴󾪣ӣ򿪰һЩͷ­ǰֻһֻ۾Ƕû
ͷ­ӽԸһȥȻһּ侪졣
Ǳնɱģʵ
ţͷ̨Ҳ֤ȷʵΪ
˲̾Ȼӹƣһֽȥ
ƣ̨ˡʱȴը졣
񣡡
촴¼ˣ

̨Լסȥ
Ҫסһ𣬷լӷܶ࣬һһ㣡쿴̨飬
̨˼Ƭ̺󣬱Ӧˡ
Ȼ˱ȥ̨סʰһ¶ǲɢ˷۵ӣլȥ
ʦְڻˣˣһ죬ͣ˹ȥĲϣ˫Ȳϣ˾һֻצ㡣
εҡҡͷСѾͷһǣʵ⼸ûкú
ȻˣҺŬģ㿴ֽ˰ɣʱǺ֮ŹȥѣС磬϶Ƿ˺쵤
СѾͷ˺쵤ҽȥھŲȹĸĳص
ﰡҪֵܶģȻЩΪѣֻһͨ۵ӣû㹻Ļӻ
û£Ƹң콫ȻȡԼƣʶתһֹȥ
һ򣿡Լ϶һǣŴ͡
úЩҸĽ쿴СѾͷϲӣЦŵ
ллʦ֣СѾͷȸԾż⣬һ¡
εҡҡͷ˵˹һ㣬пˣ
ˣɻһ£ſϵ̨飬漴̨ʦ㣡
̨עѾͷˣñԼ֮ǰǸŮҪɰˣղ죬Щ뷨ˡ
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̫ˣСѾͷֿʼı
Ժ̨鲼һ뷿Ȼ˱㿪ʼ̸
˴һкصԼңʼɷ
ɷһǻر麣ηǸ̨õġԼòǶңɷԱ˵鵤˵ڶҩ
֮죬ûҪڷɷ磬ᵼԼ
֮ǰչ˲ɷҩģҲֻмʮݶѡ
ó鶦ǰظ


112 ʵ
εɷ鶦ơϴƽԪʱҲ鶦Ƶġ
ϾƳĵҩ϶ϸ΢Ĳ
óеҩģȻ󽫾붦ףʼ
һֻ죬ڽеҩĶˡ
ɷͬĵҩƵʱ򣬺棬ŹһϸڣҲһС
õ˷Ļر
ʮһҩģƳʮһɷ
ÿһǾöʮö
ÿһöƷҴ̵ĵơ
ʮöԼöװһJ͸麣ηġ
ʮöǫ̈öﺮöٺģϾԼʶġ
óһռָ˼ʮƿƷĸѪԪÿһöеơɷװСƿ˽ȥ
͸̨ģ˴һѾüˣ첢ûһЩҩ
һ£촫̨顣
Ƭ̨֮
㣡콫ռָ˹ȥ
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ͣ٣ŵÿһС磬һöɷԶʱڽΪȥ
ҲҪŬûһöɷ󣬱ҪȥܶǿʵսҪҿޣȸ
ôĵҩһܹذɣ̨˼Ƭ֮㿪ھܾҲҪ˹صĵҩӦøԼţôأ
ҲȱҩרŸ׼ģ
̨һдϲΪԼõ˵ҩΪˣٰĵºְܳ
ðɣ̨
͸һЩҩƮľСѾͷ˳ɷ͸ﺮˣȥҹ麣η
죬˵õ񣿡麣ηһ죬ֶԷȻɷһ֮Цŵ
Ҳ֪ľأڸ̾˳
콫öɷ˳ݸ麣η˵书Чֻ˾Ȼò
찡ڵľǰ麣ηĵҩ̾
Ϊ˵ֻһЩҩѣ쵭صȻԼЩҩ˵һ޴ĲƸҲ̸ϡǡ֡
֪麣ηҩڴŲӣŻص
ԷƵ۹Ʒ˽٣
Ʒţɫ漴ɫֻ֪Ƶ۹źһѧԺ
˵˵
ǧڣ뻶ڣںͷѧԺ쵭˵Լ˽⵽Ϣ
ţˣ麣ηͷֻһ㻹
Ŷ쵹ɻˣԼֶǴɡ
׼ȷ˵Ӧýз丮ǷѧԺ麣ηɫѧԺǷ˵ĽзǷ丮ˣ
ԭˣȻֻǸ֣岻ͬƵ۹½ǸСǶЩ˵ǸȻг֮⣬зˡѧԺ򽨹ھˣרŸ˲ŵĵطν˲ţĳ佫
½ΪʱƽѧԺе޽࣬λҲԸˡҵĸ߲ѧԺרſһרߣ丮㵮ˡ
丮ǷƵ۹֧Ƶ۹֮ûбĵ۹̲ȫڼƷ丮׵壡
֪ĸƷУʵеģ麣ηͻȻת죬΢Ц
Ƴ˵丮ʵӦǿģűڣǧ뻶ĩ
麣η󣬺ȻЦЦмЩĿɬһǿڰ
ôˣɻ󲻽⣬ڹ麣ηеΣظо
Ƴģ́ˣǰ˵ùȥ麣ηЦһʵӦģ丮һǧڵڶ뻶ڵӦĩ
Ŷ첻üͷ΢Լã
Ϊôһŵʵ麣η죬ʵ
ҾӦôУ쿴Ź麣ηɫ̨ȻӵеԴδķչ
һŵʵȷҪ֣麣ηͷĻشǳ⣬ۺ̨ʵ丮һǧӷ丮߳ȥǿЩ޷ȥߣص۹󣬶˷丮
麣η̾һ£ŵڣΪǻ澳ʮһҴ̫ϳѾǻ֮ˣ
ǧڵĻ澳ǿߣʮ˵ǿǻ֮
뻶ڵĻ澳ǿҲǲʮıǵ֮
ŶЩϢ׼ȷ𣿡첻ɻ
˵麣ηɫֻǱϵݣʵĵ̣˭Ҳ
ŵͷʾ⡣һţ׽Լȫʵչʾ
ԴƵ۹ͳǧｮԴ϶ҪŶö࣡麣η˵ʱж˼Ľ֮ɫٵģЩƷŶ˶٣
ΪȱԴڵһ˶ϲ㣬ʮϵĺĵʵȽϵͣ϶䵽ţ¡
ΪÿֻȡٿʯĳϾ͸ˣ붼㹻ʯ
ȴǸ⣬һ֮ȴǸ⵰ſ϶ҲȥǵΪǺܸߣԲȱ
Ҫǵһ麣ηͻȻɫأĴɷΪߣֺĵӵģԭֻʮ˸ĵӣҲֻʮŸѣΪߵҲֻɷ֮
뻶ȴжʮɷӣΪߵΪɷ֮
ǧڵɷʮ֮࣬ΪҲɷ֮
ڷ丮ǾͲˣÿ궼Ӹմ츳ӣɷĵӿ϶ܶ࣡˵ɷ֮߰ĵӣ
麣ηôһ˵ҲȻɷ֮߰츳϶ܲսͲȥ
ڵӵʵ͵ģΪʲôҿĵҩ󣬻˼麣η͸֮ɫҲǴѡ
һ¶ʱ䣬㵽˷ƻӰϣڿɣ


113 ɻ
ƻ䣿κİɻ
ƻǷƵ۹ָʾԵ۹һĵӵĿѡΣÿһΣѡ۹ĶʮˣμȻ䣬Ϊ½ߴ׼
½ߴȣ
֪βܱμӴ½ߴأô֪˷һ˯˵ͷ
麣ηһ˼
һķƻ䣬ʮֻдԻ֮ϰ񣬾ڰĩԶ죬ѵ֪Ի֮ʲô
ʧ֮Ĺ麣η˼
İɣڵ϶᲻ͬнʮʱ䣬ɷٿԽС磡
ôһ˵麣ηϲЦաɷ˵ЧôԼͲڵˡ
麣η̸Ƭ̣صԼס̨ڣȥˡ
׼һ£
ҪҪȥҺʵĿ֣һ룬ˣڶǺúһ似˵
ʮŲңϥʯ̨ϣʼתӰԸŲ֮
һβŲ֮֮ʱǴνղһ˿ռ֮һռ⾳Ųĸ֮һĻ
Ѿʩչһռ⾳οĽɿ죬˵Խռ⾳
֮죬ԵޱȿγƺΧһУֻпռ⾳İʶɢϢһֱά״̬
أ˱ģԼʩչ֮ʱֵķмơϽɫʱǱɫ֮ʱеסһ
һѾǰ͸״ˣԼһĶʱƣƺʧԭأʯ̨ǰߵĵطһģӰ
ţӰִӴ˴ʧҲһ֮
λһֱ任ţһ⣬һǣƮ֪ʱ֮ŻصԶָ˱ӡ
۾³һ¶һ˿΢Ц
ռ⾳ֽһˣ
⾳ΪʮΣôһֻŵĲΣΪС֮ųɾΪ֮ʮԲ֮
ʱĿռ⾳ɵĳ̶ȲΡ
ķ֮⾳Ҳᵽɵĳ̶ȡ
ǰɽʱһ˿⾳ҲΪ֮⾳ٷ֮һɶҲ˵ţһĲࡣ
Ĺ似Ҳ֡ɣղĿǰĹɻ֮ϣǾѾС֮ˡָҲɰĻҲС֮ƺ׽ɻҲС֮
ӰʱֻɵĻ򣬽󹦣黨ָĦڭָǧַָȼľķֻɰĻ
ľż
С֮ôʨӺԴݼԦʩչ˶ѡ
˿ռ⾳֮ͣʱҪʱռ⾳󣬻绻Ĺ似⾳
Ȼ˵ʱӷ޾ȡʶ
ɻ꣡
⻹һаʶź󣬿ͨߵ֮׳Լʶꡣ
һֻа֮˲Żֹ
鵤ţȻд˹ֻǷ޾аΪǿԼʶԽʥУɻ깦ߵ꣬ǿ
Ȼ޾Ʒɲῴʶ
ɻ꣬ǿʶΪɺܿɻꡣ
ԺܿõɻԿˡ
Ĭɻķʶ･˱仯޿ʼ仯ˣСʱĬʱ
תɻĹţֻ˲ǰɴֻһɴС
ޣֻ֣ʱӰֻǾ޵˶ѡȷе˵Ǳغ˶ѡ
ȻûɾƱض϶ǿ
ֹֻңҲ˵ԼôϢʱ䣬Ѿоʶġ
һطʩչУĿǰ򲻵ң޷ʶһֻǿ״̬Ȼ޴ˡ
ʱ䣬ɻŵĳ̶ȡϾĵ̫ۺˣֻҪ˼ɣ
пʼղ񹦣ĻڶɹףѾǿƥˣԽղ񹦵Ҳƽá
ٴʱѾҪʼɷ֮ˡ
һصסʱΪ䵽ɷһ֮ʵϣѾɷ֮ˡ
ֻҪܼض°빦޴ѹҺ̬ļ
˻澳ȫͻữҺ塣
Һǻߵı־
̨ڣӦûһ
ڽ޾ļ䣬ϴζɽ٣ʶʱֲ֮ǰյķ޾һЩһЩϢע⡣
ǹϢһΪԪ鵤׵ҩֵҩƣɵʵͣȴǳ
Ԫ鵤ϹŵɷߵΪûиãŻʡ
Ԫ鵤ҩҲңҩպС
ݺͱ٣ݣ
һЩԵҩģݳݺīΣһĸ߼ҩݡ
ʱֻȱͨĸ߼ҩģȥһҩá
ҩڱȽСĲţȴܻӭ
ΪרŸƵҩĵطвٵѧϰ
ҩÿɽﻹдƬҩ඼ͨҩģһ׵ҩټ׵ӦûС
Ȼĵطôȱҩء
յҩãͷڲ֮ͬ
ڵĺܶطǺֵģȴĳ棬Ÿ߲ľҪ
߽Աһʯжʮо
е˼еַеƷҩԡ
Ҷ棬ûзֵԷӰ쵽Χˡ
ҲԼϢιһҡ
ѽѽҲʧˣ
ߵȾͷʱһʯﴫһߵ
ߵſڣһ뷢׵ͷŵļöҩڴӵۡ
죬ĲүүǰɣҪǧˣƷһöƷ𣿡ͷŵеĵҩָݶݡ


114 
ͷһӣģʱ򣬳ȥģΪЦ
ô£˽ǧΣûƳƷĵҩ޹ֺˡ
˵죬㲻ƷҲˣﻹ˿ҳأѵģʵڻ쵰ʵڸʵ޳ܣʵڲǸʵڡͷੲݵţȴܾȣΪԷ֪Լſڿţ֪˼Ҹû⡣
ʶѹöһЦ֪ͷһûãŵµҩƷ޷ȥ
¶ȸˣ
ֱӽ˵ԼĿͷһֹͣ쿴˹
Ȼһ˲ǰªĴץ磬
ûŪԼ˲䵭ûӰͷĴץӰϣ·ץ˿ʲôûС
Ȳѣ۾ƺҪ˵ˡֻǸմ㿪ڣǰӰʧˣ˲Լĵǰ
СӣʲôʱļһͷҲҵϷ̵ĲǶǻ쵰ǡͷе֮ɫһţ漴ƿڴֻһ룬Ȼֹ
Ϊʱˣ
һûм澰
ֻȡ˵еöҩȻףȵܿ죬㿪ʼͶҩˡ
ַޱȣʮᴿٶȼ죬ҩҺĴȼ
δ˸߳Ҳȥ򣬼Щʦûһ˸ĸоԱȵǰꡣ
ЩǧϹﻹҪֲ
δ˼㿪ʼˣĵ뵤ʶȫƿŵ¶ǡã߲͡
Ƭʱ䣬һɵ㴫˳
˵𣬴򿪶ǡ
ֻöӨ׵ĵҩڶף׼Ʒ
ʲôͷˣӲ۾ɵôģҲţ¶ڵĻ
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ʲô
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һɵöͲ֪ôˡ
һǻ˼ǧʦΪʦ
Ϊ֮һöѾﵽ˴˵ɵļˡ
˵УֻſƳʮö
ʰһ£űʯͷһЦ
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ǰⲻޱ߷ĳͷĪǾصĴ̫ϳϣ
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ģҲ̫˰ɣ֮ˣ쾳֮òᷢ仯㲻ӢͦΣҲʷǷͷһ㶼մߣһձС
ϾǴ̫ϳϣ쾪ȵʵ
Ҳңֻ֣ҪΪͽ̫ڣ
¿ɲԸˣҲ֪ô𻰡
̫ڣ
ʲôν
Լô
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̫ϳϣ򲻿ˣ飬ǿԽһ£Сֻڵһĵӣûʵʦͣ٣㹪
ʲô˾еڵĴӣ
ţͷӦȷʵĴӣ麣ηӣǶӣһЩһӣӺͼǱߵġ
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ʲôʮߣǲҪͷٴδʯȥһ
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Լô
ɽ
ɱҳǸˣ
ұǷƵ۹֮ˣڽȻҪˣдʵ
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ˣСӣΪ£˰֮ѾǳϤˣͷ˵ĵģʱ򣬽֣ʱֽСֵܣʱֽСӣƺ
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û⣬ҪЩҩģֻǾǣͷһӣ˵ޱȡ
㽫Լҩ˵˳ͷһȻǽΪĸ߼ҩģɲʮֺ֪ͨһȴѼһӣȫҵˡ
첢ûм뿪Ǹͷʾ˼ȫ̺ͷ˼ʱ뿪ˡ
ص쿪ʼԪ鵤
Σʼһ׼
Ԫ鵤вͬлһЩرĹ̺еĵϤһЩڣ˷ҩĺʱˡ
óһЩͨĳҩģ֡ӵҩҺᴿٵҩҺػÿһڶޱԴ
ʱƷֻһʱˣſʼԪ鵤
ʮҩİϣвмֵȽ׽ϸߵҩЩҩģóȥ϶üǮ
˿ֻ̣һֵҩɲֶѡһ룬ôֵҩļֵ֪
ǣǰЩҩȫҲʮ֮һöԪ鵤
ʱ򣬷ǳ棬𣬷·֮ÿһڶɵĽš
Ĺ̺ҩҺᴿͻʱⲢʵǱӦôС
ʱĻڣĿǰˮƽʱɡ
뵤Ŷڵ¶ȱ仯ģһʱȥŨĵ㡣
ʱľ⼯У˿иĳɵʱ̣鷳ʱһСģͻǰ
ʱļʶһҩʶķǳк߳
·һֻľһ㣬ȫͶ롣
ʱ󣬵еҲʱпƷǡ
˼ŽƽϢ
ʱڵĵѾƮԺ˲ٷ
ɹˣ
һӺŴ򿪶ǣöӨĵڶףɢĵơ
ƷԪ鵤
Ԫ鵤׵ҩƷǳɫƷǱɫûӨ⣬ƷģӨ⡣ڼƷģҩһİ͸״


115 
ƷѾԤˡ
ţˮƽƳƷѣһöѾܲˡ
ǰȴƷҩȻ˷ޱȡ
øл鶦˫ĻûôõĽˡ
öԪ鵤̨һöµöԼãԱﵽ澳
ҩһңȥ
ʲôζô㣡յʱ򣬾Ϳ̨ڲԣƷ
ոһֵҩ΢Ц˹ȥ̨飬ȵˣ
̨һ豭һݸ죬Żصţǰɷ֮
ûзҸɷ΢Ӧһ£㿪ʵ
ţ̨ͷţڷãŬʵ
ûж˵ֻǵͷ̨ͬĹ۵㡣ӿռָóһƿװıһöԪ鵤
㣡
ǵҩ̨ҡҡͷ㶼ô൤ҩˣĻգ
רŸƵģҲ̨ķӦֱӽƿ棬ؿڵȻװĵ£Ǿװһ㣬͵㵤ҩֺηأ
װĵ»Ǿְĵ¶ûô󷽣̨Цŵìܣʧ䣬һҸС
ν̯̯֣ŽŵԪ鵤ɷʮٱֻкôûл㾡ãҪȫյĻ˵ɷ֮
̨һ棬ϸһµҩ
ƻüޣʱҪŬ콫ʵȥȡΣóǰĲУɫ²˳٣ҽ㻹ǻصȥһ㣡
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̨صȥˣլšӰ
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ɻˣʲô˼
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ʦڹͤλʦʦһߺȲ裬һϵ飡µӰȻʦʦ㶼ӵͬμˣֻʦֺ̨ʦˣ
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Ҿ͸ˣµӹһݣˡ
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컷ͤһۣʵˣ
аʱˣֻǵڻûп磡ﺮҲƳ˳һۣ¶ɫ֪߼һʲô
쵹û⣬˭Ҳ¡
ʦܣʱǶ˰ˣҲûۻһֻֿһӰ˹ڵƤŨüۣȫȻɵ飬΢Цſ죬˹ʶһ£ҽбҰ޼ɣ
죡
쿴ɷ֮ΪҲ΢΢һЦ漴֣֮һ˲䣬һǿӶԷϴ
治ɫ΢ʵ㿴Ұ޼ɵɫˡ
Ϣ֮󣬱Ұ޼沿ͨ죬̷֣ȻЦȻϴιնԹ̨ս֪ضû뵽ȴǿ޼
Ҿ˵һŰʦܵʵԶԶҵȣҪ֣¶˰ɣ
һº͵ӱҰ޼ɵֻһɷ֮ŵ˹¶Цݣ崺ĸо
ʲôö˵ģʦʵǷҲҲҰ޼ɺЦƺ˸ղŵľ̬
ҲݸҰ޼ɴֵԸ񣬵Ǻ˽ӽ
Ǹһʦ֣ﺮ
΢΢ͷ߹ĸһֵһʦ֣


116 
ֻ񣬵ʦܿˣҺͱҰһüζȥ°ݻᣬֿʦܷæ㵢ǵúúģ
Ὺʼһ̶ӵʱ䣬˱㳩ﺮƽﻰٵŮӣҲ˻ϻӣ⵹˱⡣
ӺˡһۣͤһһŮʮ꣬һӡ
λˣ֮Ϊˣȴ󵽳Ǹ⣬Ϊλʦʦøһ
羭ߵʱԶһ£ȴûתͷǾֱ߽ͤУڹٺ档
ʦԸ࣬ҵңһЩ˸͵Щŵӿ磬ݲѡ
˶Ӧλϣﺮ࣬ҲȴǸһͱҰ޼ɡ
ƽʱ䲻ô飬ҲȻ졣
һˮƽʮָңƬ˳С
תͳ֮ʣϸŽԶڶϡָתļӿ죬ʱɽˮһк£
ȴޱȣֻǼ򵥵һ£ûйķӦ
Ϊ罫ʶõ֮УԻ˵񡣵ǣʵǿֻ̫̫࣬ⷬͽͶѡ
粢ûȫͶ뵽ȥǲǵع۲гϵˣȻ¶ɫֻĿӹ֮ʱȴֶԷµ裬
΢üͷһһ˿ײĹЦ֮У˳һ

Я϶ͣЦض죬ƺڵȴԷ
ֻ촦̩֮ȻȻǰƾԼϣƷ
ˣɫ䣬ָ֮һ

֮ЯŰ˳Ϯ죬֮Ŀʼ
첻ΪطŵͲ豭һ㿪ʼ衣
ôһߣ˲䱻ΣȻֹ亹Ķ
ϵ˹漴ʶԷŵȻʧɫ
ͬô꣬Ȼ˼һپ͸Իʵڲ֮
ЩȴŭԼ˳̸һʼȴ裬Ǻ⡣
ȥϵĺ飬ͤ˱ȭһݣ׳ˣ
Ҳ˵飬漴죬λʦܰɣˣ
αĻ˶ϴ䳡Ҳڳʶ죬αضһʡ
ʦ֣ΥˣṰ֣Ӧ
ϧ̨ʦòڣһλˣû죬ֱӽĿƵϣźص
ЩһϷˣ
⼸ûʱμӲᣬҵǿһλˣĻɫ䣬ֱߵԱߣص
һ֣ɫ΢漴ȻգԼˮƽ൱ĻԱȵԼ
Ǿʦˣ
˵꣬˻صԼλϣ۾죬Ц⽥Ũ
˵ķӦᣬϥʮָϣز
Ȼͨɣ䲻ܱȼңŻ֡
˿丵СϪɽ̹ʵˮ֪ƣһ·š
ʱʹ㻳Ƿ澭֣֮ýףϸ긧ͩ˷紵ѩչ΢
Ʈʱʹ·𿴼Ȼ裬ŷˡ
ղɽȪƻ졣֮ɽȵ߹֮·ǲ֮ʡ
˫ֻˣ˿֮䣬˵⾳С
Ƭ֮ɫˣȭͷ߬ƺֹ죬ΪˮƽԼ
ֻǣӦоһǿҵʶ֮ӿԼԺ
ĵӴʱҲͻȻˣ˶˹ֻУš
ѽ֮ǰɽˮС˸߰սֱʶ֮磬֮Ѫɺӵս
һСսǧǰƵ۹һλͨɵر߹صĽʿ࣬սѪɺӣʬɽĳٵĿ־У޲ֲ
أĶ亹˫ĿӲɵòﲻֹͣţɱɱ
ͤе˶ʼ޲ֶ̾Ρ
쵯һ룬ͣʶȻصԼλ
ﺮҲֶ̾
粢ûȻս⾳֮УϢ֮󣬲ָ
˶ԼʲôУңӣͬ飬
ɫԭļɵʧˣɱ⸡֣ͷ߬ȭͷָ׶ˡ
Ϣָ֮Ƶɫ벻ʦ˸֮߳ǰŪˣ
ʦǫˣ쵭ػӦһ䡣
ˣȻѵ룬ôͿʼɣ绷һۣ˴ξۻᣬּ䣡һƷ裬һ̸ĸ;飡
ҶʱʼͷӶ۷׷ס
̸ľ飿
Լ
⵹˼ˣ
˭翴ڳˣ
ɣһֱߵͤģ֮ǰеͤмĶطÿ
ﺮĻУ֪к飬δ֮ʱʮĵĩλ
ǵΪɽʽһƷ似ںܶ˶
Լĵȫ˳ֳ˶ͷЩŵӣ÷ǳ棬Щû˵˺еҪܻͨаġ
齲ˣʮߵϷɱվԼĸʱʱУȲ֮
ϷںĵܵϿɣԣú棬ͬʱţȽԼĸȡ̡
ҲǺţȻкܶط̫⣬Ҳпȡ֮
Ϸɽ֮󣬱˪Լľ͸˪ʮλò㣬ֻЩ䵭ƺио
˪ԵĹڳϵټ𣬲̵ţ´ʲô
һһĺĵӶԼľ͸
һȭĺᣬҲͷкáΪĵӣȷʵв֮
ﺮҲǽԵĹ˪ƣĸԱ˪ҪһЩ


117 չʾ⾳
Ұ޼ɽԹķ̾Թǿܵ˵
˵ұ˴֮ìܲϣΪӪϣ̵ġ
ǽɱ¾ҪԼеȫޱΪȣˣרɱ¾֮ɱҪǿʢࡣҲǻ治ǳ
ĵоʣûнˡ
ʦܣ˭翴
ʦɣɣӦ
Ҿ˵ˣһ˿֮ɫˣߵͤģ㿪ʼԼĵá
ûһ˲ģҲǡ
ȻƷôϵĸ򣬱ҪǿһЩ
ǽʽı仯ڳĴ˶ýģȻʮ档ֱ署֮󣬺ܶ˻ɳ˼֮С
֮ǲŻع̾ѡ̾ǲϣýĸ֣Ҳ̾
ʱ˶Ŀ졣
콫豭еĲˮһںȹ⣬Ȼߵͤ룬һۣصҪǷ֮⾳
ʲô
һ˽Ծ
⾳
ģǿǵĳΰôᣬô⾳ء
֮󣬺ܶ˿ʼһֵ죬в⣬лɣгЦ
ƺķӦ⣬ͲÿЦԽͷ֮ޡ
ҰһЩʦô˵ȵͤ˲㰲˶죬ľ֮ԡ
ﺮ˲⣬ʵôǿ֮·Ͽ϶һļ⣬ôѡôµĻأǿֻŲſġ
ÿһ⾳ˣΪ½Ϻպǿߡ
ʱ䣬
ѳϵķӦ˿Ϊֱͤм佫Լķ֮⾳ʩչŷӰһƬҶڿлε
Ƿ֮⾳
Ϸɶоеʱо˲ͬѰ֮˼֮󣬱̲סȳ
һʱ󾪣ȫעضŷлεӰһ˿¡
ȻΪ죬ǴʱҲ
⾳
ôܣ
ô⾳ѵŲɣ
Ǹζܣɵʼɣ⣬
˲䣬Ҳһо񣬸̺ķ֮⾳
һӺͣŻڸеˣ΢΢һЦصλʼƷ
ֱʱ֮˲Żع죬һݡ
ʦܣû뵽㾹Ȼ⾳һɫƷ죬п˫еĽ֮ɫһĿȻ
ǰʦܣ治֪ʲôģ츳ãԸߣսǿֱߣҰ޼ҲǸ̾˵ʵ⾳ҪãҪá߲أãٸߣҲ⾳ãһ㣬Ҳ⾳
ֻǽҶѣңڵ⾳ֻŶѣ޷˵࣬⾳СɣкԶһ·Ҫߣ²豭ɫĿԶԶһ֮ơ
ˣҵֻˣһ̾һ
Ҫ˻Ե˵Ҳһֻ⾳쵭һЦο
ʦ˵öԣҪ˵ĻԵǿ󲻵ãʱûУﺮһ죬漴Ұˣ
Ҳͷʾͬ
˶ʱʱĿߣ۷׷ס羹еһģֶβƺ
ԭĵ׾һֵӣʱȴҲ̾һɨ˳һۣȫ޸ղŵϬ֮ɫʦܸղŵչʾƴҶջ࣬ϣʦѧϰ⾳ǽбβһݣ
˻عɻؿ磬֪Էеһʲô
Ҷ֪ƻüޣ֪˶ʱ䣬ԴͶ뵽УΪǲܹ֮ڻȡúΣΪ⣡翶´ʣҲѪڡ
ЩǴŵӽĵӣо˶ټԼǶţֻͨεĿޣܰȻߵ죡
ȻϲˣǶԷһȴеĹȻ˵һˡ
شҶԼĿǰʵЩţǾ໥дһ£ȱ©ȡ̣
Ȼԭд谡
Ҷܾû໥дˣƽֻģֻǲֺ֪Ƿб仯ء
λ绷˵
ֻϷ໥һۣ漴ͷʾ˶Էһ£ߵͤϡϾͤռ󣬵ս̫Сʺϱд衣
Ϸ˫˫֣Ȼ˵שɣ
˵꣬˱˺岽˼һǣŶԷ
Ȼд裬Ǿǵ㵽Ϊֹɱĳ档
һ־ǿɽʽأעϷɲ֮ԿԼݵƣ㿪һδǿĹʱһãȻЩ֮ɫ¶һϷץסᣬԽ䵶Уʤ顣
˪ӽŮд衣˪ԵĹӽȴպ෴ǻԵĹ֮ٸغ֮ӽʤһ
ȻŻҲϳ棬Ʈƽʤ˶Էʤ½ҶսǺӣʤҶ
Ұ޼ɺ͸һҲϳˣ˵Ǿд裬ǰһֱǱҰ޼ʤϾľռơ
ξͲһˣΪһһҲɷ֮
һȳ֣죬ȭǱ仯޳
һ𲻼ӣ
Ұ޼˫ȷֿڵϣһ˫ȭƽƣӭһǷԵ似
ɽֹ
˵ȭͷײһ𣬱Ұ޼ɺһһ˫΢ͣƬ̣ٴγȥ
һ𲻼ӣ
黳ȣ
׺һڣ
Ԩsţ
󣡡
֣

˵ĶսʮּңǱҰ޼ԡ֮ס˸һġǳ䡱ĹԡɽʤԷ
ʦܣȥдһ£ΣҰ죬ʵ
⣬һͶ뵽˵ȴԼд裬֪⡣
ûоܾĶ֣һ˷ܵĶ֡սһսĸоɱ¾Ϣɡ
ͷ߳ͤ⣬ں˵Ŀⶼ´ʵĳ档


118 Ԫ
룡｣óԼı죬ʾ
ʦ룡ӿռָóǰѰɫĳǹǰ
ãҲ˵ֱӹ˹ֱӣûһĶٶзǳ졣
첢û似Ա̶ȣԶڳˣһ׻ǹԷսһ
һʱ䣬ǹХǹӰݺᡣ
ڵ׼ؽ׹ƾȻ񣬶Ľһɱ¾似ΪѪɱ
һרĽķɱ¾֮ģˣһսĸо
ѪУ
Ѫգ
ѪƯ֣
ѪȾ˷

һ־ȫɱ죬ȴûɱ󽵵乥
ȴӦ磬Լ˶ԷĶսջҲС
޾Ѫ
ѪɱǿһУϿԽսһ˷·޾ѪѪĺѻɽʬǣʱ٣ֲ
ȻûбӰ죬Źֵʽҽ֮׼ʱǹâһǹһ˲ѪĽ֮ϡ

ò㽫ֹ֣סΡǰ죬ǰһС
Уվԭأһһָɽֹĸо
벻ʦʵ֮ǿҰܵòԹᣬֵ
ʦֿˣʦֵĽҲǿǳ컹
ȥһлʦ̣
ʱ򣡡
˵꣬صͤС
ҲǸ̾ѣǿ˵ʵ֮ǿ磬û뵽ʵѲ֮£Լľɷ֮ڣһС磬սԽս˫ʤδ֪
Ǽˣ컹սʤ˶ԷУûпʲô似ȫǻǹ
ޱȳأľ֣̫ǿˣԼǫ̀飬Ժ֮λҲʧ֮ۡ
ôأ
ѵ

໥дʮջĶࡣԴս󣬱ûг
ɢﺮͱҰ޼ɵһᣬصס׼һ£ֱȥ
ΣҪɷ֮ˡ
ýԪǿԣǿĹ
һöԪӦԼɷ֮ɣ
ֻΪ̫ˣ᲻Ӱ
һ뵽Լʽ㰲ˣ϶ĥģô᲻ء
Ϳɣ⻹Ǻ£
صĶңʯ̨ϣóһٿƷʯǰȻóһƿװĺȻǽԪ
һϢ㿪ʼת˽ղ񹦣ʼ硣
Χӿĵ֮УǰġdâϽԣԽԽʵ
ģʯƺˣֻǰʯڽС
һʱʯѾһ룬ֻ䡱һ죬쵤ֿʼ췭ظı仯ת󣬲ͣľתвϵرѹת״Һ塣
ʱȻͻƵɷ֮ȶʱʯѾˣʱ죬Ѿɷкڰڶ
ֹͣת³һȻƿһöӲӵĵҩ
Ԫ
ܹöԪÿһһöһʱ䡣
ԪƷʼãƷ̺ض١
ԪĹЧҪϣȻҪתҩ
ɫҩУתҩ
һӺ󣬽Ԫſʼͬʱգ͵ȫÿһգ̳ʱ
񱩵ڵ﷭ţ̶˾Уײžݡ
䣡
һ죬һһС硣˲ʧ񣬵µﾭе˱ңҺ̬໥ײһ𣬼ѹںϣҺ̬Ѹɢ壬ͣһҪըѵĸо
ʱеغ鶯ȫˣеıҲƽϢ
ʱ״̬ôãغ齫еȫˣ;дʱȴյģһ˿
Σֻܼתʦͽָôǲһ㵤ҩĻҪһЩʱɡ
˽Ԫ֮ϻûʲô仯
һ顣
Ǿǵ͹ԼĿǰǿ̶ȡϴѾһַ˼ǿ̶ȣԪǵҩûʲôˡ
̾һ˷ˣҪ̨ˣ֤ʵ
ѷ㲻ٹˣ͵Ƿ˼öɣ
ʣһöԪ̨ɣֻǲ֪ܲա
ֻǣʮϢ֮ĵ춯һεҺ̬ˣǺ鷴ġ
Һ̬Ԫ
ֻԪſν֮·
ԪˮһСʵɫ͸״й⻪˸
Ϣ֮󣬵ڶԪˣɫ͸״
ţϢ󣬵Ԫˣɫ͸״
Ϣ֮󣬵ĵԪɹʺɫ͸״
Ϣ֮󣬵Ԫɹˣʻɫ͸״
Ϣ֮󣬺鶯ûյԪת˾Ÿ죬ٴһνɫ͸״Ԫ
ģһһɫԪˣϵ࣬
ͬɫԪں£ںһγԪڵУҼٵתš
оԼĵҪըˣҧأȫת
䣡
һ죬ԺȴûκμԭתԪٴαɢȻлγ˻ɫԪĵУʼ鲼澭
ʱһвŻָ
ʱѾ֮״̬
֮ǰɫԪԡɫԣɫԣɫľԣɫԣɫԡ
ڶΪһĻɫص֮Ļ֮ɫ
ȫغá
ʱɷ֮ڵ죬Դȴһ֪
״̬޷ȥЩˡ֮Լõ˺ôҲͲˡ
һֱʯ̨ϣ֮ͽղ񹦡
ֿʼԪﵽɰĻ
һʱ䡣ʼ󹦡
һΣһֱ졣
󹦵ĵ죬ӭһЩرĿˡ
뻶޼Я˴ǰɽ
磬һڵ˶ڸԵ״̬ͻȻһɽ´صڵϿա


119 뻶
ԸеȻ޷ȴը졣
ʲô뻶ǰɽ
ô£뻶
뻶ڵĹϵһֱô߲ư

Ĺ麣η۾Ŀ罣֮䣬һɸֵķ緶ĵҩոͻƻ֮вȶ
麣ηüͷ΢˼Ϣ֮󣬱ָƽʱĴ֮ɫ
߳ңӰһƵ
λӣȥſӭӿˣ
麣ηҲẰһʱϿգܶδĵӶλãɽȥ
麣ηڵӭ뻶ڵĸλ
ΣɢڰյƬ֮һȺӰҰС
һˣһ麣η൱ˣŰ˸ʮ꣬׶
ڹ麣ηļĵӣüͷ壬ɫ΢ЩԼ൱ΪҪһ㡣
б
麣ηһۼˣ漴һԵļӣﰵ̾ԺƺǸ޷͸󣬱Ȼ
֣ڣ԰
麣ֿˣ޼һ۹麣ηһ˿ȣְһ£漴İ˸ӣȵټ麣
˵ǰһȣ麣λʦֵܣ
麣η΢΢׵ضڰɣ
漴һָţž˵룡
޼Ҳ֣һӣ룡
麣ηžƵʱмλϹڴˣ޼ǰһ¡ƵĴڵЩ˽ɽźɢˣֻǼĵԶĿˡ
޼ǿֶһƵ˷麣ηҲܾº󣬱ʾ
֣ǰһ𣬱չغôпأ麣ηλ֮ϣ׵޼
ƻҪˣҳغ¿⼸ĵӣڣհһ¹ɵ٣ǳһ¼ʶ
ˣˣ麣ηһЦ漴ǰ˸꣬λʦֶӦǹɵľӢ˰ɣȻЩĵӿǿˣλ䣬һȡúΣ
һһһݵ
ŷл麣ԣ
л
˾ͽл
ԭл

˸ʱ˲øУ麣ηҲ̾⼸˵ɲΪЩʲôƲ硣ƽﲻ˰ݷãҪʱˣȴͻȻ߲ơ
λʦֶض񣡡麣ηһЦ漴ſڵļĵӣһ뻶ڵļλʦֶԶǼдһ£ˣӦ໰ģ
ǣ˹
漴һŷˣ΢Цŵ´켸λιһڵڷ羰ɣ
ʦˣŷȻһЦüĵ΢
ˣһ˱Űڲι
һ֣˵ڵҷƵ۹еأҵȥιһ£Σ˲ιһЩط˾ͽͻȻ
û⣬λһ˼ˬӦˡ
һ˱ڸһͬǰ
ƣ֮ȷŸ߿ƵȻ˲̾
漴˿赣㻺˹һ˾ͽϵĪǹڵǿ赣
һͷ漴潫˼򵥽һ¡
֮󣬼ƺ񵥵Ȥ
һ֣֪Ǽܷһķ緶Ȼһˣ΢Цŵ
һüͷ΢΢һ壬ɻ󣬲֪λش
ȴǳȻб
һ־ΪѣǾˣ˾ͽϵ
ͬİƺʧøһΪˣӦɣǾ˶ԷĵӦɣñ˵С
ʾһĳϣһѸٿ˰һۣŻʦܣһˣ
Żͷʧԭء
һ֣Ĳɵʦֺʦֵˣ𩿴ս׵ļ֣
ʵʱ䣬ս˱仯麣ηɷ͸ʮ˺ǵΪһˣսܺµС
ڰ׵ĺȻ磬ȻǱҰ޼ɣ챻˵ģﺮ壬һ̨ΪûȥսܣԱ˵ߡ
λûʦֵܶ޷֪λĵһֵ
޷΢Цʵ֪ʦΪǺξ磿
λЦˣȻҹԼյĿ޷뼸λᲢۣһɫһǰ⼸˵ľ磬˾ͽϺѾǿˣοǸŮŷ뵽죬Ȼˡ
ʦӦڳɷ֮ĺڰɣ
һ΢ɲɫ˵ڵĺĵʵǿҪһأ벻ȻҲʵɷ֮ġ
ŷЦţŰϵļ̾Ҫܹʦдһ£ǾͲˣ
ߵļӣʱΪȣ粻ֳ޷ŮӵҪߣŮӵϢ绹Ҫǿ¾λڵɷ֮ˣǶˣ˳ɻ䣬ڵĶ顣
ΪˣлĻҪʦֲУһӦ
ֻ˵˵ѣʦֲص棡ŷЦȻøһвһŮˣǿ¡
˵ڵ̨ʦùɫ㣬ŷʦò£֪ҵǷңأ˾ͽͻȻ
һڼɫ䣬һüëһ˾ͽϣҪüλʧˣ̨ʦ֪ʱңѾˣҪλλͬ⣡
ʧˣһĪֻ֣ǲ֪еλǺˣ˾ͽϱȭʾǸ⣬漴ɻ
λһָ赣΢Цŵ
ָȥֻϷ족⣬ע⡣
죿ⲻս𣿾Ȼλɻ漴һ֪λʦʲô磿
λˣʦܽʮ꣬ɷһ֮һȻҪ˵ʲôó֣Ǿֻˣһ١
ʲô뻶ڵ˴󾪣Ǻ˵ŷҲ𾪲ѣʮɷһ֮
ʦʳڣ˵ʲôֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬Ƶ۹һϯ֮أ
λʦ츳ڣҲɷһ֮սģһλλɻȴǰԲмûɳţţ


120 
һ໥һۣһЦ漴뻶ڵļˣԺǼʱȻף
ļ˸ӲˣԷ˵Ҳǿ
ŷʱȴа߶š족֡
˱˱Ļ⣬ʱŻŰ˿ɫƹˡ˿棬Ȼ̵뻶⼸˵֣ʱרļƣֻʹһ¶ѡ
һ˿ƣ˲˳ǵ˼ҲԣֱӽƵݸˡ
λȥԣӦûвٿең
漴йŵӣ˽
һûиȥҲû뿪ͼĵվǰ⼸˵ս
֪⼸˵и̾ܵԼ˵ѹ
߲ƣֻв鷳ˣҲɫء
˵ɣһ̾
ʱĵҲ˽⵽׷ΧΧ
ʲô뻶ڵĵҪսⲻǴǵ𣿡
ЩʲôΪǿ𣿡
˵мʦֻҪǿ
鷳ˣ

ʱսϵ˱仯
޷ֳﺮ͸һм䣬һ˵Լռ˵ϯλ
ʲô޷ǺˣȻʦּһ
ɣûи

۷׷ףһɫҲѿ֮ȭͷգ̵ֱָԼ˵ıҲÿ޷ռõǼһ
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漰ĲǸ裬ŵӡһ£ԼŵǰУ˱ɵӵ֣һַ̣
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һӺ󣬰ͬʱˣԼõġ
Χڵˣ˵ϲһ˿мͳŪ
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ʦ֣벻ĸ֣֪λʦֱ𴳵˵ڼ㣿ŷϢе㲨Դһ˿УŸһʵ


121 
Ƕ֪ļ¼жʮˣ޷֪սʦߵüûʣǲ꣡
벻ĻλʦӦ˰ɣ֪ܷŷƽϢеļչջЦ
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ˡΪˣһҡͷλ׼磬ʱеĺĵҲȥμӣʦֺʦֶȥʦܵʱӦڳǵʱܼ
ǿͣȻҪдһ˼ЦȻ뻶ڵĶĵӶˣҲʧ϶Ҫĺĵӽгһڻпľ֡
ȻˣǱϼλʦֵˣ˾ͽһоһд㣬漴Բ
Ҳٶԣһٶż˹һڵط
ʱ׼ʱʼʱʱ̣һЩʱ䣬Ҳû¿˽һڵ
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һţûпһۣԳסȥûпΧЩӵı;ٶ
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ŷûн˵Ͼⲻʲôʵ飬ǾûҪ˵Լϴ磬ô֮ǰһоûˡ
麣ηһ˿ɫ¶һ˿ɲЦݣ֪ģһ۴еĽʮ꣬ȻһԼߵλ߲㣬˵ͷſ޼д⣡


122 뻶
ڵһϲ뻶ڵİˣȻЩȲˡ
麣ηһ֣ʾ赸ĵ£˿ֹͣ࣬㿴һд轻һ£ϵĳɳ㵽ֹ
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˲չ˱ƴȭȥʮϢʱ䣬˱սʮغϣ¡
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˫ɱĪɫ΢ȻԼռϷ磬Ƕֵʵ󣬲ӦʩչԼǿľУӭǺӵĹ
أ
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˪磡ﺮȻ壬бֱ̹ȥֱӳ誣֮Ϣ漴ɹ誵ɳȥغ岽ֹסΣұϺȻһ˿ۣѪ˳
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ɨڵһֻۣһɷ֮ģɻѣʵƺܲ
˰̨ʱҲɷֻ֮ԼһЩСֶοΪʱľɷ֮
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ŷʦֶڻжȡúΣ麣ηһ޼
й麣ּˣ
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ʱֻ˾ͽߵǰ̨鹰ֵ̨ʦ֮ңһ÷ݣǾΪ˰ʦþͨգ֪ɷͬºһΪˣ
ԣԣһˣ뻶ڵļ˸š
ڵˣɫȴǴ䣬һӽˮڣѵͲһЩЩˣ㶯˵
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ЩĵӣȴסûЦȴЦĽųˣȵ٣


123 ս
˾ͽϵɫÿһ˿𺣬һ죬Ǿ鷳ʦˣ룡
˾ͽϻصԼλʰһӣӿռָóһŹӵ٣ڵϣ졣
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˾ͽɫҲԣᲦʮָ
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Ǿ뻶ڣǵһ˹Сɾģ޼Ц棬Ȼ
麣ηͷҲڶ˵ǰĳ档
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ʵⲢʲôֻСϷѣͨңһ䷢ֶǿʶԼͨͷų۳ɴ֣Թ˵ˣʶֵ۷
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˾ͽɫ԰ףвʣһڳˣȭͷգӿռָóһöɫҩȥ
첶׽˾ͽϵľٶһ˿ɫ

һ˲е뵤ҩϣһΥҩú󣬻˺ߵıԴһϵе
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˾ͽǰվڴıԵϥأڵ棬ַ϶ˣȻתȫһ
أ

βҵһëȻĹֽ
˺Ȼȥֻճһһɸߵģ׵ãֳֹǵ˻š
޾Ϣ˲ڴС麣ηɫ΢üͷһƺе㲻ϲ
˾ͽٴһңó죬ԼΪľ͸֧˵Դѵأ˹ȥѪǹ٣Ȼҡ
Ǵʱ˵עϣûע⵽˾ͽϣҿĪ﷢ֵ磬̸ȥ˵
ó죬ǵһ٣ֱƣҪ룬ɱ֡
麣ηһɱ©Աߵ޼Ҳѿ
ȴû˿η壬޾ϢûһӰ죬ֻ΢΢̧нſˣ΢š

һ㣬ǿޱȵ쳹ףξޱ˲ɢãȥƲ뻶ڵļӿȥ
һʱ䣬뻶ڵļӣ˲䱻ÿڽѪ˵󣬶ϵĶȴ˿δ
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Сӣһף麣ηɫȻ죬ֽкáĸ߲һҲһʱ䣬ֳˡ
Ķ֣㻹ǳɣҶоһУҿԶľе磬̾ͬһţ֪˺ʱ磿
޼عɫЩ࣬һǼ˵ĵӣ˵
δŰˣҪڻ֮ǰһĶ⣬Ӱڵӵľڻȫû
ǣ֪ھȻĵӣһ˺ɨ뻶ڵİ˴Ӣ
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죬˿͸ֻǣĿӭ֮ʱоһ޷ƥеʶѹȣ亹
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ղΪ֮ʩѹ޼һ¶Է棬֪ڲַ
Ȼ޼ֻ֪ʶǿԪȻȴûĻǻһıء
ӭе棬̨飬˭Ҳ֪
麣ηҲΪܿǻ澳ĸ֣ʵҪǿ
ڵʶȼ֮ߣŪȫûġ
޼֣̽죬ô鷳֮УΣաϾڵ֮ǿһĻֻܵС˶ѣرĹ֮ſɱ
ϣʩչֶεȷ𾪲ѣԼֻйģĶЩ֮ӣϲ̨档
ڵΪɷ֮սƥзƵ۹Ļڵߡ
ԣҲǷƵ۹ĸˡ
ǣҲЩǿЩֲţԼʵӦֻˮƽɡ
üŬҪڱ˵ǰ棬˵ǰ档
ԼĿꡣ
ƻ䣬ҵһ壬۷壡
һձЩͬˡԭͺ뻶ڡʱҲĬԭ͵ڣʱȴǻЦｻٱֺ
뻶ڵЩΣʱձĸо


124 ̨
˸ƽΪǵľӢʱȴǰܵóͷβһֱͷһﲻžƣֱǲһ
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뻶ڴ˴εʧɲС˾ͽϵʵ˵ڻȡúΣηñǿ͸֧˵ҲʵҩģһӾͻˡ
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126 
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127 
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ǰ𣬷丮ĵӣڴ˴ۣǰΪ𿴵ˣ֪ݲòص


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ʮϢ֮ڹУԺ׼ڰ벽һֱӳ
̨飬˶⣬ô£丮Ӷ
ǰ֮ˣҲǷơ˵Ļ֮⣬мŭ
Ĺᳳֱͣȵʹ
С͸ˣ˲侪壬ͬʱһ˿𺣬һ죬Եҵţ
˵꣬ӣ¥ȥ
鷳ˣ칰ְл
鷳ùٴţҲҵ˵һЦҺͷ丮ֻСѣıȵ漴ݹһָҪĶ˳ռȫвҲ£
ûָԷܽԼҪҩռȫ¶ЦݣӹָҲûսԼĿռָϲͷˣ
漴ֽѵݸˣҲҪˣ鷳۸񣡡
˿⣬һ˿ɫƺ⣬ܹһƷʯ
Ҳ룬ֱóһƿƷʮöеƣݸϣ䵱Ұɣ
ϽӹƿϲҲƴǣǾллСֵˣ֪ʮöҩ͸Լģ˵գȴҲסֻܺƤˡ
ڰ֣漴ˡ
ʱһĹ뺯ûоܾȻܡ糿Ҳμᣬ˵һЩö
˳ţԶȥӰ˼

ղǸļһǷ丮ľӢʲôҵŵӣˣ»¶ˣڸղŵ飬̨е㵣ǣѣ
£һ競ѣ÷ϣʲôңţҲĵһЦοǼһﵱҵϷҵĵ£һѾĳͷˣڴһеݣ
㿴ĸ竣㶯ֵʱ򣡡̨ЦȻΪԼֶϲѡ
ԣνԶʧ鷳ֶ࣬һʡ£ƲƲ죬
˻ȥ󣬹麣ηѾڵˣǹ飬ΪԽ͵ϡ
񷬲μӻŶյȻȻҲ⡣
ҪҪһȥԼҲյȻú͹麣ηͬһ
麣ηҲǱ⣬ûʡ
ҹĻ٣صó˰ֽ֮ǰĹףϸؿ
ֽϵףֻƴС֮ǰԼǿףİƲ콫ǶֽϵĹȡȻײһ
ȻСײģǽӴʱܸоһ˿ϸ΢ĲһֺܹӻߵϢɢƺ׽һ˿ƣһ㡣
ʵ벻ʲôļ׿ǣȻԴﵽЩѺƺģȻѡ
֮ǰõ޹ͷϵơ
Īǵƣ
Ȼ첢֪Ƶĸ
콫׽һԼĵŸһº춯
ȻһеĺͿʼת𽥱졣Ϣ֮󣬵з˻ɵĹâһ㣬׸
زһĽɫһ㣬ܶţĵ֮С
ȻоȫһǿޱȵʹУԴҲκģʧڵأǿ״ʹ࣬챣Ժһ˿ĬˡӰ
һյʱȥˣĲֹͣܶûԼ
ʱеĺٴͷų֮ǰǿҰٱĹâͬʱһǿҵ֮֮С
ģһжƽϢˡ
ʹɻڣԳϽɫӰǰdֹâƽһ㣬öĿ
ʱʹвʧʱѾһ״̬һޱϲڵء
ʵʱԺһֱͬһ档
·ٵһ㣬綼ըˣɢ飡
һ򵥵Ļ档
쿴һ㣬ǵܣѡ
Ժľ궼оһ˿һ״塣
֪ôһ£йذɣ
ˣʱȥˣŶһ£أ۾˫ĿϽɫĹâһŹֵķҲ˲֣ʧӰ١
£Żָ״̬
ղŵһ棬һֱ̻Ժ֮ȥ
һԼ壬ֹжķģԣ֮ǰϸֵЩġ
ײ֪Ķȥˣټ
˸оԼϢЩ仯֮⣬һж
һ·Ȼó˫ʼƵҩ
ʵռָﻹ൤ҩüҲòꡣǣһⶫˣһͳȥһѣٶĵҩҲʱ
ڣľǸȻѪԪ
չҩУɷĲϣҪһ麣η
Ƴǣܻ֣ƣˡ֣ԼǾ֮ʱԼΪæֻһЩͽ׵ҩ
ҪԷһЩõĵҩ֮
֣Ƶ츳Ѿ֮
ö쵤ϰöɷ֣ڶʱΪ
һҹʱ䣬Ȼ
գʱķƳȴַǷ
ߣ̼֣
ǻеգʱʱһ̣ʱǳʱͷյ뵽ߺѾװˡ
˴εص㲢ڻбλڱһ͵
һ޴ĹڷƳǵĺռĶƻֺƴһ֮ƺӳǿ󷨽ơ
ڣϷһ޴ңǶԾףĽɫ֡С
գǻһΪ¡ʢᣬרΪƻ
֪ͨͷȥˣ۹ĸʡǳѡεľӢӣƷţԼսӵμӾģֻҪõĵҩȿǿʵսĶǾͲˡ
Ȼ˴εȻǼμӻź㹻ĲЩƷ
뻶ҹŸϵҺעǵĶ򣬲ܼʱõ


129 
ûи麣ηһͬУһˣݣһӣŲȥ
麣ηԼǳֵʱھͲҪ뾺ġ
ʱеĴǰһϢǿӿУвһЩɷ֮Ů
¹ӭӭλǹڵĵ𣿿ҩȴ˴ζвıˣ룬ѾΪ׼ˣϣǿĵĶһʮĸ̬վſڣŸյҩȵЦǺǵػӭ
ּˣҩȹְл󣬱żŮضĹ䡣
ӭӭλǹ󸮵ſɣȻ˴ǰˣڣҩ˽ȥµٴ

麣֣ЩڵľӢԶʤһɷ֮Ŀܰڴ˴ζȻҪһɳˣ麣ηڵһ˽֮ʱǰӭӣڵڶǣ֣漴̾
ּˣԸ˴ĵһЩö麣ηǰ΢΢֣
ǵİѾˣʲôҪͷԸĳЦǺӭ˽˴š

ǴӺŽģϾһˣĹ뺯˵ע⣬ѡš
Ů뺯ȻȲѣ½뺯Ǵ˴Ψһ߼ΪĹҡ
Ȼǰӱƹеλˡ
Ĵ뱾ԵĲ𡣴ûаڷųκֱӳ۵ƷֻΨĶʸõ
ݻװΣ磬˿Եӹס
߽޴ʱͨϯѾ˲ٵˣ־䳡̨ʽİθʺǰǶŰӣϰžµĵġˮͲ豭м̨ǰһյĹ䡣
Ůߴ죬ͨмһ䡣䲻󣬰ڷŵĶİвͬװҪİΪ£ĸŮ崿欣ģޡ
У̨
Ὺʼӣ֧ŮһڰϣʶȴǸȫ۵ס
ڵˣĵڶ䣬мǧڣҲİ࣬мΪƺӦǵ۹ҵˡ
ҵұߣ뻶ڵİᣬʱ뻶Եʮֵ͵ܵһǰǼӰɡ
İ͸壬쿴ˣ֣ƣںƣԼ
ĸյʱİʶ̽ˡ
ʱһ̵ֻ»̨ȭųе˵ӭλݰٻңල˴ᣡĹأڳĸλҾͲ˵ˣ˴ǻеٻ
˵ųϵ˹һݣֱˣУһŮŤˮ̨
ǸԼʮŮӣһ˫۾һزЩˣβҲǷǳ̣ͦ֫ȴϸ֮һһЦ䣬ƺ֫Ťʱ򣬸˵ĸоǣһСľͻϡ
Һãٻ֣Ὣչ൤ҩͱΪμӻĸӢһϣܹ룬նգٻһҲˣֳѾ˶鲻Խˡ
ڿʼٻ
ٻֻһŮһź첼̨ϣٻҿ첼һѽǰƻˣ棬һƷ
۽ƷļʮƷʯÿμӼ۲ʯڿʼģ
ٻһȺ㿪ʼһʼƷıƷȻǷ
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ҳʮƷʯ
ҳʮ죡

ҷ׷һСʮʯˡֻǸθˣͶںأЩЩСġ
ڶƷһ۾ϴ뿴ʲô˽첼ȥֳֻˡ
ǱоһҪһЩ
ȷʵǺһЩƷˣ
ֻǵٻĿɨ֮ʱֳŰĵŮ
ɽƷļһʯÿμӼ۲ʮʯĿʼ
һһʮƷʯ
һٶʮ飡
ҳһ
һģ

ҷ׷׾ۣЩУɽҩԶʮƷʯˡ
ƷǹƷļһٿƷʯÿμӼ۲ʮƷʯĿʼ
˻ȻƷı˴Ȼͷ
һٶʮƷʯ
ҳһʮƷʯ
٣ڵ˳ˣֱӽߵٿƷʯһ΢ֵˣüЩ۵ͬʱ˫С۾๾תȦƺд㡣
ٶ
ٻҲסˣݻǸʮ겻ŮӣòΪΪµһеġ
ٶǹ̫˰ɣҵİﴫһңʮƷʯ
˵֮ҵһλϣΪսΪǻһ֮˵ԼļҪЩʵ֪ѶˣͬʱҲҪЩԼһӡ
Ȼϣս꣬û˲뾺ˡ
ʮһΣʮڶΣʮΣɽ֮һǹС
ļƷǰƷΪٽȹʮƷʯˡ
ǵƷˮ׼ؽױļٿƷʯÿμӼ۲ڶʮ飡
ٻȻЩҲˣ
׼ؽױǿƷϳ˵Ľ
ʮƷʯдȵǼѡ
ٰʮƷʯٻȹݾ۵
İ٣ҩȹ۵
İʮܼҵĳܿȵֱʮʯļλ
İʮ֣ҵĳ֣ͼʶɨһܿ΢̣ȵ
İپţ֣ܿͼķһۣ΢䣬ȵ
һʮ֣ͼغȵ
֣ͼܿһ֣ͼҲҵ̨
ƽѣͼص
ߣܿһɫ漴ȵ壡
ߣ֣ͼ磬ȵ
٣ܿɱ¶ȵ


130 
ȻôǮҾͲˣҷʱ֣ͼͻȻЦһ˾ۡ
ܿһеı飬۾ڣеĻƺҪǽմ
Ƭ֮侲λϣ
ܼҳƷʯû˳۵ģٻȫˮڳѰš
Ϣ֮Ȼû˽мۣ㿪ڵٵһΣٵڶΣٵ
߰٣ٻǸָҪڵʱмĹͻأشһƽ˵Ŀ˹ȥ
ҿʼˣ˵˭ʲôݣȻмİܼҵҲ
ʶɨ˹ͷųԼʶʶ̽顣
ܿɫʱ쳣ѿǰ֣ͼˣˣʱȴһݵԼа壬Ҳ֪мİݱضֲ׼ؽ׵ı漴۵߰ٶ
߰ģǧڵԪҲʼˣǰǸܼӣûв뾺ģʵҲҪ˽м֮мˣĳˣԼﲻòҪǡ
ǣܿٴ֮ʱּɵˣֹĴҲʼˡ
߰뻶ڵ޼м俴һۣ漴Ŀ̨ȵ
ٰ߰ˣҲİﴫһ䵭ȴ͸Źϡ
һڣű˾ġ
Ϣ֮ٻٴκٰ߰˵һΣٰ߰˵ڶΣߡ
˰٣
˵꣬мİﴫһ䵭
˰壡ӵٴڻ죬Ϊǻ֮۾һֱķƺҪмǽߵļʱҲЩŭ⣬⵽ʲôˣڷƵ۹Ҳҷ
һǧֱִӽ̧һǧƷʯʵ˵׼ؽ׽ûʲôã߱ħڽǹҶǵͽױѽ֪Ҫöٱôῴء
ˮһ˿ԣ๦似ã͸ﺮϾԼҪ뿪Ƶ۹ˣٺò
һϵȻֹƺЩǲɵˣһǧƷʯһ׵Ľ
麣ηҲĸ⣬֪ĶһѽôأҲʯ̨Ҳʼɻˡ
һмֱֳۣ䶳״̬ȴԽԽ졣Ϣ֮󣬴ҿʼ˽ݡ
ãλ˳һǧûиߵģٻʱҲ˷ܲѣֳʱѾˣҪľա
ֻǣϢȥˣȻû˽мۣĿ˻ҵİ䣬ֶԷĬˣ㿪ʼʱһǧһΣһǧڶΣһǧΣɽˮλУǵԱὫ͵İ䣬Եȣ
˵֮ŮˮǸ˵Ʒͬʱˮȥ
ƷȻһѽҲ׼ؽƷʡ
Ʒ齣׼ؽ׽ļٿƷʯÿμӼ۲ڶʮƷʯۿʼ
İ٣ֱܿӽеڸղŵľۣһŻ޴ͷš
٣֣ͼˣƳһܼҵİ䣬ص
٣޼ɫȵ
壡Ԫһİ䣬
߰٣麣ηصҲ˴˽ʺ̨飬Ϊһս
̨鿴˽۾¶һ˿ĽȴЩϲ
˰٣ʱڻȵ۾ҿ˼ۣƺ⡣
һǧֱӴ󺰵ѽһҪ̨ıһƷˮԱ齣ҲǴˮԵģʺ̨飬ôܷŹء
һڣֳִˣڻƺһֱӺһǧ
һǧ壡ڻƺɽмֻۣǣһӱٿƷʯ
˻
һϵֱӵһôˣһѽѣҪôʯ𣬼ֱ˷ѡ
ڻʱҲǱտڲˣһǧٿƷʯһ׽ȴЩ˷ѡ
齣Ǳˡ
Уûнмۡ
߼Ʒ׼ؽ׵Ļ𵶣߰Ʒʯˡڰ˼Ʒ׼ؽ׵ȴ麣ηƷʯˡ
һ׼ؽ׵ıҲûۣ֮ӣҲپڡ
Ǽɵڵʵ֮ۡϾȻأǲ˽⣬ڣȴǺġڳĿջǧڵִѾ۶
ǧڲҾ۵ԭԼһֻۣʱ鷳
ʮƷһ׶ݣļʮƷʯ
ݲΪϵݣǾʶݣԴˣ쵭ȻŹˡݵúܶ˶֪ǺȥԣֻһƷʯ㽫֮С
ʮһƷǶ׶ݣļʮʯݲ壬ΪߵΪԺܶ˶ˣ󱻻İٿƷʯˡ
ʮƷͨƷܹʮöΪ龺ģÿһöÿһöļһƷʯôһƷʯÿμӼ۲ڶʮƷʯ
һ鱻ߣڶ鱻ǧߣ鱻뻶ߣ۷ֱһǧƷʯһǧٿƷʯһǧٿƷʯ
鱻ܼߣһǧ߰ٿƷʯ
ʮƷǵҩƷѪͨƷʣҲǶʮöֳ飬ͬļۺͼӼۡǰ黹Ǳңǧں뻶ļ֮ǰĸ󡣵鱻֣ҸˣֻһǧٿƷʯܿ
ʱ򣬴˴Ž˶׶Ρ
ٻŤǰú첼ŵĵʮļƷں֪ʮļƷ׻ʲôأǾСŮΪλɣ
ٻҿ˺첼һгǰУ˶ʮװҩĵġ
ʮļƷҩ
Ӧòµװҩȴ֪ʲôҩҴУλչʾһºеҩǣֻϢʱҩٻɫƺʲôһҪ
Ϊʲô˾ɻˣ̲סҲˡ
ྲٻһֳʱѻȸϢ֮ɫΪװݣ
ʲô
ݣ
ʲô
ܶɻ󲻽⣬ٲ˻֪ݵġ
ݣһĽݣ
ٻĻջ˵ֳ꣬;ˡ


131 
Ľݣųϵֻ˵ûмû뵽ȻĽݡ
õĻΪƿһ󾳽ˡ
ֻǣ˷ٻһ·һͷˮ˲佽ǵ顣
ݣ˼壬ǿԻݣ˵ɶҲΪ
һߣΪʶǿӴһʱ䣬Խһɷ۷ߵ
Ŵˣд󺧣ɵðȻ˿ֲΪҪó
ٻȻܵ˴ҵɻȻһЦȻпֲƻһЧȴϵΪ֮񣡡
ʲôЧȻֱŮ˵θڡ
̺һ˿֮ãһ˿⾳
һ
֮⾳
⾳
ǿ붼飬һ˿֮ǿðһ£򵽻⾳սüΡ
֪ݵЧãҲ֪ߵĺ¡ٻ˵ݵ֮ʱһҪԼ򶼻⾳սϡ
ٻд򿪣ֻһɫҶݾ棬ɢһϢ˵ЩٻֻǴϢУôһʱ䣬оЩͷˡɷ֮Ϊȷ޷ݵϢ
ݵļǧƷʯÿμӼ۲һƷʯۿʼ
ǧļۣа˳ϵֱӷˣûǸ޷֧ôʯֻؿű˾ġȻЩȴ˼⣬ȿ˭ˣлᣬɱ˶ᱦ
ǧ壡ܼȽмۡ
ǧˣ֣Ҳ˿á
ǧҵİҲǴ
ǧ಻纲Ϻ
ǧ壡ҩҲмˡ

ǧ޼
ǧ壡Ԫ۾ת˼Ȧ󣬼̴󺰵
ǧˣ麣ηʶɨ䣬
ǧ壡ڻֱӽ̧ǧٿƷʯϵĺƺֳѾǻˡ
ڻĽм۽˵Ŀⶼİϣȴûк۵˼Ϊ֪ڻʱ
ǧˣǹ麣ηȴ
ڻ쿴һڵİ䣬漴ٻȻǧ
ǧ壡麣ηһ˼˳
ǧʱԪٴκ۵
ǧ壡ܿƺѾںˡ
ǧ֣ͼ΢üͷ
һ򣡡麣ηֱӺƺĳ־ġ
һ壡ڻٴοˣֱռ
ʱʵȴʼĬˣһ壬һʾ޴ĿΪôһϵݣֵ
ڻ˵ķӦ⣬ұȲѻʯ
ʱȴʼˡ
򣡡
һڣ麣η˿ʵݣǴ͸ģΪ֪ʶǿֳˣʱҲеھˣΪ㲻ء
ڻüͷɫ䣬ٻ壡
򣡡粽ãؿڵ
壡ڻ΢΢ͣ٣ۺ漴İ䣬λѣӣҷƻңҵȱк񱨣Σ
ݣҲҪȻЦø㣬ûôӡ
һԾ˿ɲһ㰡ҵҲ
ڻʱɫѿ֮ȭͷգǰϣֱӽӴ飬ȻȻˣǱƣ
Ļ˵֣꣬ǻУһԼǻйصģ
ַģ´ˣеʧǻ⳥ģҵڻһ飬ǿЦŵ
ˣұû׷
壡λ˳壬û˸ߵģºٻٴ
򣡡ڻһŭ
򣡡ֱӼһ
򣡡ڻҧҧ
ʮ򣡡
ĥʱ䣬ֱӼӵʮһֱסȫڻҲ޻˵ˣҵĭ֪ܰɫ˷ˣ滹кöء
ٻʱѣʮĽмۣҲв١
˸𣿡ɨȫڻİͣƬֻ̣ǷֶԷƺѾ˾ۣ㿪ڽеʮһΣʮڶΣʮΣɽݹλУ
˴ʱȴɻˣЩѾʼȥ̽ˡ
ʱʮƷˣһ
λѣʮƷһ׵ؽ似ʱ֪ʲôƷٻһֳ˵ڴ
ʲôؽ似ôܣ
ģȻǵؽ似

һǵؽ似˿ʼˣҶ似Ŀأ鵤ҩ
һŹϵĽΪֻֻǼһֶѣٻ˵ı飬óһˮ
ȱĵͽ似ǹֻƷˮ׼
˵㽫һ롣
ȴ𾪲ѣȴϤΪڷ޾ļУϤʥһŽĽ似֮󣬿ƿؽɱУǳ档
һֹʱĽǷǳģԼһҪ֮õúòһ
ļۣʮƷʯÿμӼ۲һǧڿʼۣ
ʮƷʯ
ô
˶˾ĵͷ
ʮһǧ޼˼󣬱㿪ڵ˴δʮƷʯǾ˴似о벻ˡһ뵽ǵؽ似к
ʵͽƷ似Ʒ似ȻֻһߣǱȴ蹵
Ʒ似ֵֻǧƷʯѡ
ʮǧԪռָ
麣ηûкۣʮʯһʾ޴ԴΪһȱ似˷ѵ
ʱڻֱӿˣʮһ򣡡
ڻһʵϢˣε̾һֻܿڻľġ
ʮ򣡡쵭ص
캰ˣ˿ʼңһս
ʮ򣡡ڻĽмۣеɱһ漴¶˾⣬һ˿թ
ʮ򣡡һֱƽ·ʯ˵ֻǸֶѡ
ʮ򣡡ڻʱҲƽˣŲµ˼̧ۣʧһ󲿷ʯ
ʮ򣡡ɵĮص
ʮһ򣡡ڻҲǺƽصȴǻ֪ԼŪı顣
ʮ򣡡ֱ׳˸߼ۣƺЩϷ֮⣬ƺڶڻ˵ΪҲ֪ļֻҲںѣʯеǣ


132 ѹϷ
ҷۣڻʱȴٽмˣҪǶԷķۣԼҪʮһŲȱ似಻㰡ȥ֮󣬻лָ
ֳѾĸľˣʱڵϸš
ʮ򣬻û˾ۣʮһΣʮڶΣʮΣɽٴιλУ
ٻ˵꣬ͣٱϢһӣԺǴ˴һƷٻԱ֤һƷһôģϣ㹻ʯ
һһƷƺһ㰡ѵȵؽ׵似Ҫˡ
ĻǿɲܴЩѾʼＯʯȥˣĴ󶥼
ٻһ˵֪һƷǺˣǲԼĵʮö
ڰкһ裬ûʶǸڵǵɱڡ
ֱӴӰͨϵеĺ̨ԼļƷʯȻ˸ط·ٴλظԼòȻӺﵽǰţҡڵ߽
סģǼڵӵƺ󣬱˽ȥ
ȥֱڵĹҡһ·ϣʶɨֻǿֻһɷһ֮ʱûǡ
ʦܣô˼ҵĳˣղŵǾ֮һ˰Ĵţʶһɨʱ죬򿪣ͬʱͣ̾
ǰ죬Ĵˣ׷ЦǺǵصͷƺϲղŵִ̼档
ոЩ飬ˣ쵭һЦҲûж˵һһкһֱ֮⣬˻ǱȽ飬ŰҶҲ⡣
С찡麣η죬һЦָָԼߵĿλ̨ġ
ǸҪһЩԶԶûǸǱЩͨλҪƯöࡣгУһжʮˣÿ֮ļ϶Ҳܿ
麣ηм䣬ңҵǳ׷磬硣麣ηұǿŵģұ̨߱飬λﺮﺮұǸһ̨ұǱҰ޼ɣҰ޼ұ
̨һĵ񣬱Թ麣ηѹƷˣǵúúýм۰
漴̴麣ηƷԼĵģù麣η۸̧ȥ
ţȻˣҲܸţǿֶ飬ҲҪúò룬֪Ʒʲô麣η΢΢һЦʵ
ҲӦǵҩ쵭صʮŵζһƲƲ죬ȻΪһڴţˡ
Ŷҩ֮ǰѾƷĵҩˣλʲôҩΪѹϷأĪǵؽƷҩɣ麣ηԽװԽ˸޷Ϸ
ɣ쵭һЦ
̨ƺѾ֪ڳ˫ɣﰵԷ̰αһһ١ҲǵģƽʱôǸֱˬɵˣôһˡ
ָһƺܱ˵Ϊ
ӣң촫ȻԼƤ⹻ʵ̨Ҳ᲻ǶŮ˵ֶЩ⡣
Ҳ̫αˣұ㣬ˣŮҲǴһֱ۾ӣСе
ڿǱܶ˸ˣղžĻ˲ʯȻҪǸ׬ץס֣һ󣬴
ҲϷ̨鲻ص
һƷĻһʱ䣬ѵǾŰʱã飡һ
ߣ̨齿һֹͣ˽ġ
ʦܣ˵᲻ʲô߼׷ȻŹ麣ηȹ麣ηڼ꣬ǹ麣ηʦ֣Է֮ĳνɡ
Ӧòᣡ麣ηҡҡͷҪĿǸṩҪʱ䣬ʱڲɾֻͣбߵҩŶаѹϷӦǵҩϾǼЧķʽ
ʵ첻߹麣ηҲԲµѹƷͣϢ󣬻ȷһԼĲ²ѡ
ߵҲȻǷڴҩˣ֪͸ǵĵҩֻһЩ
ǵõʱ麣ηɷ͸ǵʱǼֱɵˣ󼤶òˣҪ֪ʡȥʮĵҩһ˵ζʲô
ܿ죬һʱ䵽ˣЩȥＯʯѾˣȻջرڻ죬ʶɨǵЦ⡣
ãҿԺݺݵһˡڻôҲ뵽Լڱ˵֮ˡ
ϢʱڿʼǵѹƷѾȲˣ֮ǰҪߴңѹƷһJҩ
ȺȻвѾµǵҩ
ڹƷ֮ǰҪʴһ⣡ٻȻһգ˵ĺģ֪ҩƷ𣿡
۷׷ףȻ˲֪ڳļԴ˻֪һҩרŵʧⷽ棬Ҫڳʵöࡣ
վҩƷʣһҪȷͨĵҩŵ㣻ϳ˵ĵҩ˵ƣд˵е񵤶еƻȻֽѾûм˿ƳеƵĵҩˣڵƺ󣬹϶سɴ˵ˣ˭֪Ķڣ
һ֮׹ԭҩôིԼ˵ʲô֮ģδš
ٻĻͷ¹ǣЩĶȷʵҿ϶ǷĴڹǻչʾʮöȷڹĴ˵Ʒʵĵҩ
ٻĻ˿ʼ궯ˣЩеĴˡ
һƷʮöƷĸȫĵƣ
ٻҿ첼һСƿ˵ҰУƿȡһöڿл˼£˿ЩĽߣҲʶ̽鵽ˡ
ЩȻɣĽƣ

ֻһöɻָһ涥ߵȫ䴿ĵԽЩ߶ԵĸһЩ
ʮöҩÿöڿʼһ飬ÿһöļʯöʮƷʯÿμӼ۲һڿʼģ
ʮƷʯ۸ɲͰ
˽мˣЩġ
ʮ򣡡ܼҰﴫһ
ʮһ򣡡Ҳŵ
ʮ򣡡Һ
ʮ򣡡֣ͼ


133 
ʮ򣡡뻶޼ҧ
ʮ򣡡ԪҲż֣±ˣɬҲֻӲͷƤ
ʮ򣡡ֱ˼۸ʹŶˡ
˾ۼޱȣʱڵȴɻˡ
ⵤҩôǵһҿǵҩĳɫ漴麣ηɻ
ѼĵİɣֻѣϾҲǵһλƷʵĵҩ
ҲǣֶǼģǶǵһνӴҵͷҪҪ뾺ģ
öȻʧۣ֮Ŭǣ麣ηɫ漴̨󺰵ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡ڻվ󺰵˴ԼܹһƷʯһҪʮöҩĵ֡
ʮ򣡡麣ηӼۡ
ʮ򣡡ڻ΢
ҷģʾ麣ηģѾԤˡ
ûٽм۵ĻöҩˣٻһۣʮһΣʮڶΣʮΣɽ
һ鵤ҩʮƷʯˡ
ڿʼڶ龺ģöҩļ۶ʮڿʼģٻҵָʾֱӽļ
ʮ򣡡ȽмˣǲŹöҩˡ˵ʵڵģʯ׵ãõ
ʮ򣡡޼ҧѾļˡ
ʮ򣡡ԪҲ󺰵ƺϣȻҲ˼ޡ
ʮ򣡡麣η
ʮ򣡡ڻϵʯѲˣǷԺȥá
֣Ӧõ˰ɣԪ޼
Ҳǰɣ޼ߵ
֣㽫ʯңĵ֮󣬱ļ֮һļ۸һöΣԪ
޼˼Ƭ̣Ҫö
УԪͣƬ̣ҧʱڶ鵤ҩѾ麣ηеʮˡ
ʮ򣡡ڻһм۵
ʮ򣡡ԪֱӽмֱۣᵽԼԳܵ߼ۡ
ʱ麣ηֹֻۣͣʣǧںͻھˣڻɫÿ£ʮ򣡡
Ԫε̾ģ
ʱڻȻޱȣϣӹߵİ䣬ɫвӵֲм֮⣬Ԫɫ쳣ѿ
û˾ۣû˾ۣûеĻһ鵤ҩٹУ
ٻʱѾ巢ˣʮöҩĳһʮƷʯǰδе׳٣пȡһɵѣǾʮƷʯʮʯУԼɰٷ֮һǾһǧİƷʯԼʮҪࡣ
ʮһΣʮڶΣʮΣɽһգ԰ʮöҩ
һλ𱬿ǰˣ˻ϲ˳ĵöȻǻϲޱˣǻ˸߼ۣҲϲġ
ûĵһ߳ЩջڰȴеƷӡ
ټһ㲻ֻʣ˲Щˣ˻ңЩŴ
ڵ˳˴ţվڽֽǵ죬ΪҪȥ̨Լʯܹһʮ򣬸ʮѣʣһٶʮƷʯУŲڵȥ
վס
麣η˻ʮɵʱͻȻһŵĺ
֪˭ͣ˽ŲûлͷĿ⿴ڵķʱ򣬼ӰӺס
Ȼ㣬û뵽Ȼ۶ںϷʵؿ죬ŵɫй֮޲ǲҲѷˣ
ǰϴһмˣ˺֮ˣϧû㣡Ҵ˷۶ȻĮؿںƣͬһ߹ޣɽ֮顣
û˵Цɣƾ㣬ˣ֪ܼж𣿡ںĻͻȻЦ
ںƣ˭һ͸Щ
ֻʮسһţڡʻ֮Լʮһ꣬Բ֮ΪںмڼԴԣ⼸˵ʵǿǼľӢ
磡Сӣϴںɽɱңں˵ƺøˣָ˺
ԣ߹ļüǲȻ˸ɱܼҵĵӣ
ŶȻɫ˲䣬ߵǰһ£Լ͸Ϊǣڿһļʱ򣬱˵һ־Ӹµ̬죬Ǻˣôĵӣɱҵܵܣ
ܼǺôɣʾɨȺܼӵһۣ漴ȻصΪڷƳǣû𣿡
ܼҼɵˣڷƵ۹࣬϶㣡ȻȻǿϹ¿ͷϴһһ·
֪ںɽܵȶֵģһȺΧɱңǱȣѾڷˣ춢Ȼ۾ص
ǿʳÿ춼ɱ˻߱ɱﾺ棬Ȼһ̬߰
ȻˣɱܵҲˣƽ
ǿɲУܼҵˣҪнܼŭľ򣡡ȻЦһдʵ
ô˵ֻܼҿ۸ˣͲܼҵ˱۸ˣȻסһսһʱЩ
ֻǿ۸ˣû˿۸ǣڴʱһΪſһɷ֮˹б۾죬ȻȻȻСӿɷһ֮Ϊǲڣ񷬱سԴ
ʲôȻ󾪣ҿԼûж֣Сӵĵˡںȴ·𾪵춼ϲ£ˣĸ£ɷΪˣ֪֮ǰ֮߰ᱻԼ˶ӡ
꿴죬ǿͷлұ֤һ׷ңΣ
һǰ˵ԴÿɰЦ
Цʲôüͷһ壬
Цʲôطֵ׷棿Ȥʵ

ɫˣɱһ׼֣ڴʱһ
ס֣
ѭȥֻһ˴˹ʹܼҵĵɫ΢
֣캣ܼҵ£ñ֣ˣܼҵһɷ֮ȵ
Ԫ⻰ɾʹˣλֵ֣ҵѣܱ裡֣캣һԪ
˵֣ҵѣԪһָ


134 һ
֣캣ͷһ죬漴תƣ˵ɣ
֣캣ϣֻȺгһ꣬ȥΪ֮Щ֣ơ
֣þòû뵽ڵ۶㡣֣ƿ죬ϲص
Ҹˣȥݷֵ֣ģû뵽棬һϣ֣Ƶļ΢Цŵ
ţ֣ɻˣǵһɢޣôŵˣѵǸռģ
ͷ˴˼飬֣ѣ
֣ҲûʣͷӦʣ漴ܼҵӣҽ񣬻λĪҪΪѣ
ߣҲʲôϵܼ֮ңҪۣһŮܼҵһŮӣ̣ɷ֮Ϊ
ۣһҰֻӽֽǷŮһߴӵ㶯Կ
ĸ˺Ȼ̨飬ﺮһͱҰ޼ɼˣղ˵ǱҰ޼ɡ
һȺԶÿһ
Ǻˣ̿ˣɫ΢䣬üͷһ£漴ɻ
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˻ȻôҲˡ֣ƺ뵽ʲôȵ졣
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ʱܼҵ˵ɫѿˣôҲûϵ۵СӾȻڵĵӣƷţԼļǲġ
ȻڵĸλܣǾһ¾ʹգλֵܣ㿴ΣԪЦſһ
׷׷վգڵʲôﺮǰһ
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ǣ˶죬ƺڿ˼
ܹסһƣʱգ쿴һںƣص
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ⲻܣԪܾɷһ֮֮ڣ⣬ܵˣ
£쵭صȻҲܹ
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ʳԣͷȻɨΧһۣҿ֤
ãԪ漴죬һƣ
磬ɣǰԪ
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õӦʣһ˿ϲɫ漴ߵǰвмصںһƣɣ
쾲ؿһȷ
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ڵ˿ˣ˼Ҳ˿һ쳡ء
ûֱʹһƣƺûôΧĿȴˡ
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أ
ֱӱԶڿһѪ
Ԫ󾪣˹ȥԷѾ˹ȥϽóһöҩ¡
ܼҵ˾ѣҲӿǰȥ˶ĿɿڴؿǰĳƺЩš
ʹթŭ죬ƺҪԷж˿顣
ʹթЦһӲסһƣʹթʲô߼
˵϶Ϊһɷһ֮ôôǿ̷Ȼ
иɷһ֮𣿸οΪкιϵԼܣӲһƣ첻ǶԷɫ
㡭˵ûһֱһԸΪԷɷһ֮ΪңղŵҪвûΪ顣
ܼҵ˴ʱŭߣĳԹưͿԪԵˣ
֮ˣȻ˽թԪɱ֣һµĸУ
ԪУȻΧ˺ܲݣҰ￪ʼָָˡһУֱˣߵ磬ʵ˵Ĺ˼ɱġ
˲ʮֳצֱץʺ
첢ûж·һ۾ֱŹԪ
Ԫ־ĲԶʱ̨ˣֱƻԪ
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ǰ֮ݵŮӣ֡ԸоԷղֻǳȰԼûԼս˼Լܿս
ŮҲΪղһ֣˲㱩¶ʵӦɷ֮ˡ
λһս𣿡Ԫ̨飬
һսֺη̨Ȫһ鶯ȴ͸ǿš
Ҿһ¹ĸУԪӿռָóһѽ̨˹
񣡡
̨ɫ䣬˲ƮľϵĽҲӭȥ
ɽ
޼᲻ݣ
񣡡

ؽֶʮغϣ̨ռϷ磬ƿ棬Ԫһʱڱ״̬
޵вɱ


ԪĽ˲䴦ߣ̨ŲţۿҪ̴ʺˡʱ̱͵Ϯһ̨ء
̨Ȳѣֻ֣ͣȻסԼ˵
ǰһ˲䣬ﺮҲˣеıֱȡ̵ĺġ
ֹ̨ͣԪҲ࣬Ԫȥǲ˿ͻᱻﺮˡ
ܼҵ˻治Ҫô˿ţ˼͵Ϯ֣ӵ֣Ƶ׸磬ɷһ֮Ϊ
ΧҲܼҵڵǵͨ죬֪Ӧԡ
̨ﺮֺͣ󣬱˻صࡣ
컺ԪȥһָˣǼһϣ
һֳˣ˽ǲ⣬Ϊλˣһġ
Ԫŭ漴нһᣬߵ˵Ȼ˼ҶˣǾͲÿˣϣ
ֱֳɱ졣Ԫɷ֮ʢڳҲɷ֮ɷ֮˺ս϶ɷ֮ǿߣĹϵܱɷ֮߸ѶԸ
Ȼûһ˿ӣڽǹһһ𣬰ճһǹӰһˡ


135 丮
һ磬˲乥ǰڽǹɣ˵ıû壬һƺ𣬽һӰˡ
ڳɷ֮ڣսԪһ㣬ֻ˲㱻ڽǹС˳ȥ
ѪȪӿ˿ڣ˵ܼҵȺ˵ҩ˿ڡ
ž뵤Զ˿ڣڳͷƤ飬ǶԷ֣ԼͱˣѲܲսΣա
ⲻԴ˿ڣԴ졣
ڳ֮ҲŽˣЩһ֡ǸŮӣȻֱ̫Ҳù˭͵Ϯ̨ء
ʮָ䣬еڽǹٴһһ·̵˲䱻ȥһֻ¶˴ۡ
޳ܣͨ죬Ĳ飬סѩ׵ļ˿սĸսҪٱ޳֮ͽŪλ·ǿɾˣԼԺôء
Χ۵˶۷׷ףǿս֮УһЩǿ̸档
ʣԪʢ㲻پˣǹͷ˵Сޱȣһ˲׽
Ȼ˲ҲˣȻ߷ԶſڵϣѪ۾ȫǿ־塣
ܼҵĵӴʱ֣սսĿǰħһ꣬ǹڳУҪߣȴֲҡ
Щܼҵĵȵ´αң򣬾ûôˣ
ܼӵɴ⣬Ҷ룬ߡе˴ʱȴľͷһ㣬̫ˡ
һ˶սˣԷöףֻʶӣ⻹Ǻεǿս
ֵܼܣڷ丮ǰʮңʵȻǿޱȣǽȴ߹һ㣬ʵš
Ȼ֪һɵʵûзӳĻǻʲôķӦ
ǹתˣǽһҵѣ
漴콫̨˽ܸ֣ƣ໥ʶһ֣ҵһڵӽʶһ˴˼Ϥ
麣ηһֱڽֽǿߵĴʽǳ⣬ˣðԵʱͲãһ˭š
֣ȥ齵ĵ۹ݣ֣Ȼ⣬֣ˣڵǰݡ
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Щѣˣ쵭һЦ
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丮֣£ʵھ丮ʮӣ˳ơ丮ܡ֣˵ͬʱ۾޿ɱ¶һЩ֮ɫ
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ǲĶ֣ˣǧСģ쿴̨Ͼ̨ʵ⼸һʤϡ
ﺮˣ丮ܣֻҪ⣬϶䡣
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Żӣ˵Żڽһ֣Ʊоȣ죬Ҳ֪ˣһȷʵ⣡
ڶ˵΢΢׵
ڽһǷƵ۹еţ˲Ŷʮһ꣬Ѿɷ֮ˣ꣬սǿԽս֣˵ͬʱ¶Ľ֮ɫ
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ŻӲ丮ĵӣȴǱѡԲòμӻ䣬ʱֱӸŶʮѡԶ֣ƿ˼һۣȻ
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صУʼջ
һУ׬˲ʯĵ˲ٶóװݵУش򿪣΢һֵϢ󣬱˺ӣӽռָڻݵʱ򣬱Ͼǻˣʱϲ
ǿʶ̽УȱġԺϸ
Ϲ֮ʱǺܳһֶֹΣһߣʮ֮ɱУУ߷ɽǧȡ׼
ֻʱƣ֮ܶʧˣڲеʱֻʥڻĽ


136 
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£ֻЩرҪܸߵľ磬ҪԼһѱľѪ뽣֮Ӧϵ
ڵ죬޷㣬ϾѧҪʱ䣬ȱľʱ䡣
ĳеĽ̬Ȼһ֮ȴŸУֻһֱͨӹֶΣǿһУ޷ơ
ȴǿԿƵģȼľһ΢ı乥ķ
һƣǿУһߵշҪһЩȻԼıɽ
ΪĳΣ֮ˣ㲻ˣ
ԼƷɽл߷УҪΪ磬ƾǿʶƽ壬ν˽һн
־磬ֻ˵ǻʵһ˵Ľ缫֮Ѿ޽޽޽ľٺõıҲ;ܼԦΪ˼ǽˣ˽֮
ÿһг֮ˣᾭĸ硣
һ֪磬޽޽֪֮Ϊľ磬Խ档
ڶǽ磬нн֮ŵľ磬ʼб潣ڣóǿݣӮ֮·֪ȡᡣ
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ڵյʱֹͣУʱֵ賿컹кڣ˶ԼķҪôҪôϢ
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أ
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ЧּΪӲʯºۼԼһɷʱ޷ֿġ
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ȥѾˣΪмʱǻĿĻʽˡ
ϴһ֮˷䣬麣η˻һŻĵطˡ
ĻʽڻʼҵĽУУʱŸտʼ˵Уرɭϣָɱڣׯ¡
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ʱʼаʱμӵ˴󲿷ֶˣͲˡ
˴βģĴĴ⣬ٸСлûжɷĵӣΪ˹ӷܽǲϧѴʯУ˳ʶ
ڵˣ
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ٻȵ˺ҩȵ˲

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뻶ڵ˵֮ʱΧ۵Ⱥʼָָ㣬Ľ̾໥γǸƸһΡ
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ǧڵˣϴεĻ䣬ǧڿӽ뵽յģ
Ǹ꣬ǧڵĵһӣ˺
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ʲô˵ϴڳǧںĶӣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ϊʲô
ΪڵĴѾɷ֮Ϊˣȼ丮ܵĴڣ
ɷ֮ôҪˣ

ǧڵ˻ΧȻУȻǰѾ߬ȭͷ
ÿһŶиԵԪվɨһֳֻںͷ丮˻û
һյʱȥˣڵ˲١
ˣ
ǰ麣ηһһŮӦ̨˰ɣ
ǸƯŲ̊ûǸȴ磬ڵһ֣˵ǰսܼĴ֣Լ˿δˣԪ˿һ٣ʵƿֲ


137 ؾ
Ҳ˵ˣƺʲôģ
ĸ磿
ǸߵӢ
ȻȲ

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麣ηԼ򣬳̨ϵĸ˴к֮󣬱㾲ڳУȴű˳Ϊǵ
һյ󣬷丮˵ˡ
ǶͳһķװŽߵİۣŽߵͼڵڷͼͬ
ӵĸ֮ߣ׷ˣһꡣİٶòãˣŮЩֻвһɷ㶼쾳Ϊ
мȽϤҵܼҵĸ֣꣬ҵļˡȻĿͷɷ֮ϣ˾丮ܰɡ
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Ȼ˵ĿҲȺţͣڵķǿ磬ƺӿһս⡣ﲻսĵط˭£ľӺ̨ϵİ˸佫Ὣ̡
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һյ̨ϵһǰȺһྲӭƵ۹ʮȨߣĻʥݣ
˵Ļ˵꣬е˱Ŵ󺰣죬Ϣ֮һӰ̨м䣬Ϲڣޱȡ
һ麣ηµˣΪǻ֮һվ۾ӹӣȻˣУˡ
䣬ǿʼ
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ȻطرأǸǻ֮ˣûоԽС
ԣֻд˴βſԣǲʹɵġ
ԣ˴νؾˣֻвһ򣬶μӻǧࡣ
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Ϣ֮󣬰׹ʧ̨ϵҲʧˡ
쿴˾棬ҲǸܹ󷨵ģںԼ˲䴫ǸС磬ſԵϾŲ
ˣɶ󷨳˺ģԺлоһ
һϵٴǧڵ˱㿪ʼ˴̨丮һҲǼϢ󱻴ˡ
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ϾСĴȼûкǸߣǸֻһ˲ͽ촫͹ȥˣҪϢʱ䡣
Ϣʱ䣬Ϊξһʱ䡣׹ⷺ첶׽һ˿ռ֮ϸţĵ
ֻϢʱ䣬ָһӼ䣬ˡ
һĵطһ֮ǰУҪ󼸱Ĺ㳡㳡миʯɵķ̨аɼһߣƺĄ̊́
վĵطһһĴ̨
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񱮣ٿеİƣ񱮵ôӦûˡ
̨һ֮ԶһŽ״Ĺ̨ȴֻаλáǺŽģ뷽̨Ĳʲһ
̨һ࣬עĿģѾڹ㳡ķΧ֮ˡ
һޱȾ޴ͨʯ̨ԼɣʮŲݣÿһݸ߰ɣʮɣɡݵһ࣬һСĴ̨վˡ
һȻ߽ǧɵȻνݡ
С⼸⣬ȫǸƣһ㣬㳡Χ档СӦþôɣĵطӦСıˣǿȻƴڣһ޷
ؾԭˣ


138 
ؾеҪԣöֻ࣬ڵʮɷΧڣԲͬһԼѹһҪ
ƺԽϣѹԽ󣬹ǶˣԽһɷѹ⽬
ؾƲ񷣡
ǧŰɣɲС
ø߰еһؾ̾
ǰûôߵĽݣν𣿡
ǲ˼飬֪ʲô˽ģǹ񹤣

νĵݣѵǵ𣿡Ұ޼ɲɻƺеĲ㡣Ͼÿһݶа֮ߣʵΪס
ӦҲֻſɳƵݣ̨еľη֮⣬¶š
ݣ麣ηǰȻÿһ㶼вͬشƵѹȣһǧѹڶǧһֱʮһһڶʮһʮʮһһʮһһǧǾǧ
麣ηͣһ֮󣬽ŵÿһף̭һߣǿԵǵʮϣôԤϵõյ֮У
Ŷ첻ɻ֪ǰԻʦֵǵ˵ڼף
ڵ˴ʱҲ쳤˶䣬λĴʦ֣ǿʮ־ֻǲ֪˵ڼ㡣
Ի˵ڶʮһ㣬ڶʮнɱ粽У޷ʮһǧشƵѹȣֱӱص˶ʮһ㣬ˣҲǺܺõĳɼˣ麣η뵱꣬龰Ŀ
գĬ
˴̨̨ȥ̨վżӰĸ֮ǰ㽫̨ϵЩˡ
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ʱе˹㳡ŷ̨ϵļ澳ߣȴһЩ顣
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꾳ҪʯƷʯ͵ÿһĻ꾳޵ĵȼͬ
˽еĹϸ˵һ飬úס
û뵽ؾоȻؾǾо
ǻޣһרڻ꾳ޣսһ㣬ǿӦĵȼУ޵ĻһߵʶҪǿһЩ
ʮŽףÿһ׶Ӧһ꾳ÿһ꾳Ļ޵ȼ᲻ͬ˵ڶʮһ׶ӦĻ꾳޵ߵȽһףȷڶʮ׶ӦĻ꾳޵ߵȽףҲǲȷ
ÿһĻޣȻγһѭϵɱһ꣬Ļ
֪޵˶ߵʶһãǻôĻˣ󣬿ԽʶһΡ
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ԣȿҪ̫ŵľٶˡ
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˵ĻǧȥеƺȲеȷʵС
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ҿȻβ꣬ʵҪһǿһأƲֹһһ˿϶ʮף

۵ʱѾڶ׽ˣİ٣ǰĲǼõ꣬Ȼٶ֮Уǲûгȫ
ֱ׵ʱ򣬲ʵ¶еͬغɣеȴȻɣ֮ľ
ѡֵʵ¶ˣ
ǰǧѹʵõ˲ά裡
ʱѾ˵˵߽ףǻͣڵסǻеһ˲һΪһֱǺɵӣͥŲЩˣʱȴ
Ӣϵڰ˽ˣһ˵ľ۾һգգضŵڰ˽ϵǵӰԳһ㣬ż㣬Ծ˵ڰ˽ףȻͷһºߣ΢̣¶һԿЦݡ
⺢ӣǲâ¶ǼලİߺǺһЦԵļ˵
Ӧõģˣ˷âһҲ΢ЦŻӦ
СʱȣƲ֮󣬾ҪһԽˣһߵ
ǿ϶ģһʵضǴ˴εĹھӢСӣӦõߵһЦ
ҲôΪϾ֣ҵСӵľɷˣһҪǿһЩǾȻʱߵ
ҿȻȻռҪλҲܺһЩȽҪأҪ֪ǿߣռдưߵ


139 
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˵мʵСһŹ麣ηķȥֻԷһеӣ̾
Ҳ˵ˣҲɷ֮ºеһȰߵ
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£߲üͷ΢ҩڵͻȻеɻ󲻽⡣
ȷʵд£֪СһղŻرһ£ŻȻָķ
ôŵװⲻ԰߲ɻˣȻսӦ㰡
ϸСһȻ󣬿ǲһֱȽУ˿ûгӣŵ۾һ˿֮ɫ
СһΪ֮͵£ƵŻ¶£ߵͷ
ɣҾ˵һ϶ȡȵģָŵھŽ׵ķֻʱһѾӢˣһɴ֣ӡ
һĲȴܶ࣬٣߿ŵھŽף̾
ʱĵھŽףѾˡһʼʮȻǸߵʮɣӢߣ֣콭֣콭ɾ룬̨һ֮Զ
شƣߵѹãӰߵꡣԣĳһ׶Σ߲ҪϵģҪܾϵĥ£סˣӼֻǻԡ
˵ʵʱûָоԣݵʱ򣬻ʱ
ȻǴһɰȴδСԼĶ֣֪вᱻ˳Խ
һΪҪһû˿ӣԣһЩֶΣҲȫͶ롣
Ƭ֮һʵ˵ʮףӢɣͷһƢԱȽĵܵܣδһԣ̧űһȥ
ӢͬĸĸѾԼȻϲĵȴǺΡϾԼЩ࣬ͬһͬһ׶Σһǿ޿ɷϵʵ
֣콭һѾŵʮһȥȴżĮؿһǰӢʼһȶ
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ûͣתһױȥΪѾˣȻ硣óȻϸߣ鸡ȣǰ嶼пܽˡ
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һʱǰ

㳡ʵǿһЩˣע϶עˣȻмΪǿģʱʱعעһ졣
ƶǸ˵죿֣ҵȺУһ߶ߵ֣ƣɻʵ˵ʱӦھŽװôڵڰ˽أ
үүӦǲ̫ߵ֣ƿŵڰ˽ǰ죬ȵ۾͸һ˿ʵȫУʱѾ֮ˣ
Ŷ˼漴麣η˵ķ򣬵˼ˣӦȥݷһڣսύƲ֣֮һΪƳǵһ壡
˱֣Ҽĸף֣Ƶүү֣ꡣ˹麣η˵ţӵ𣬿СоǸǧǰǿֻˣŽã֣ұضƣҵࡣ
ǣ֣ȻϲޱȣܽύڣȻϲߵˣҲͷӦ
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ǰҲСӹŹޱȣʼٶȶûб仯ںο´ˣĪ̾
ģԷѾ˵ںƣӦòʳԣ˵
ţѡνڽΣǶӦȥݷһ£Īɳ˼Ƭ̣
ǣ

첻֪ôһᣬԼɵŲӣ˵ھŽףŵʮ׵бȥʱȻ𣬽뵽Χشˡ
ΧȿֺӰ˹㳡Ⱥź˷ؾһ
С·ֻһˣϣҲֻһʵǣشϴ
ѹ˵û˿ʵĸоֻǽطøһѡ
ڰʯϣʶеɢһֳξϢ˴״̬Ȼʱ˿̣޷֮ġĬӰ۾żֳһ˿صķģû˲
𵽴ʱŲһʱ䣬Ѿ֧ŲסˡЩ˶쾳ߣߵѾܲˣеľ˶ûаƣֻһݵѹѡ
˻ص㳡УŸԵĸΣҲ֡ǵĸԵûǣ˭ҪȥҪʵҪ츳ҪԴ


140 
벻һ֮ߣŰƵ죬Ȳѣӡǳ̣Ϊտʼʱһֱ첢УĴ̬ʹġ
ʮϰɣ
Ȼ뵽ġ
ֲԽԽˣһȥˣ㳡ϵĹڴʱ̾
ȥϵߣʱѾ¶˸ԵʵһѾʮףٶѾ˺ܶࡣʱڳѹѾЩء
֣콭ʱڵʮĽǰʮ׵ʮ֮ѹԼΪǧ˵вСӰ졣ʮɴ̨Ӣ˵ٶȲ࣬Ӣս̨һЩҪòɷŮҪǿһЩ
ʱȴ֮ʮ֮ĲʡԼҲͰˣϾԷʵǿޱȣҲޱȣ̨һŮӣǾԼ֮µģǰľҲǣôԼǰء
ӿ첽ˡǣ΢һ˼ǷˣǴ˿̼٣ضҪĴԼ׶εĳ̲
ǰͬʱʶɨһºļˡ丮ѾԼʮˣȻԷɷ֮ϵѪ֮ȻʤԼ
֣ҵŮ֣عͮҲֻʮɵľ롣֣һ֣캣ʱѾ˵ʮĽף⼸˻ľǿС
ͬʱעһ죬ԷȻںü֮⣬ûж롣Ҫϳǣ練ơ߬߬ȭͷǰС
ʱѾڵʮˣԶҰ޼ɺ͸һ棬ﺮɡ
ʱעĿǵʮףһʮͷ꣬һ£ҪĿǰľɷ֮ȴʮɷ֮֮Уҫޱȡ
ǾǾŻڽһͣȴո¶ͷˣ
ȷʵˣҿɼǵֻжʮһɣ
ǰͣѾɷ֮ˣҪʵȼͨɷ֮νǷƵ۹һŰ

һ⺢ӣȻ츳ڣôɷ֮ͬˣź룬ЦǺǵص
ǰȻû˷ѣʵȴҪ֮ͬΣҲǸп֡
ߣȻǿԱģʵȻô󣡡Ȼ̾Ի
˵һûпܽǰʮ߿һڽһȻʵ
˵ƾڶʮңߵ
ҿȻһһԽǰʮ֮У߿϶ش
ȿ˵ɣ˵Ϊʱ磡΢Цŵ
ȷʵڽһǳǰߵ⣬Ϊҫ۵ģͣǰʮ֮Уȷʵɷˡ
ÿһߣϸع۲һҲû˵Ŀ⣬ÿһܼᶨĿһֱעǰߵߣ͸¶۷š
磬ĸ磬ǲǵģҲǷƵ۹꣡ڽһźţǵһС磬ҲȻ塣ţֻҪԼһЩʱ䣬öãԳԽǰߵˡ
ŻӹȻ鴫츳ҿŵʮϵǵӰĿ΢
ţᣬѾﵽɷ֮űȼɷ֮ʵŵӵˮƽ麣ηǵӰҲǵͷ̾ĿֻעһɲǣתھŽ״ǵɫӰ·ǻķ羰һ㣬Թ˼
֪ȣΣ׷翴ڽһȻ
ĳϴʱҲ쳤˶䣬Ŀ˹麣ηǶ֪ܲһ㣬ƺЩءǾ麣ηûɢȥԣһУ˲̫֪
Ҫȣô꣬Ƶ۹ﵽĸ߶ȣ麣ηĿһֱϣڼ˵⣬δͣ٣ɫ
գ𾪲ѣϵıѸٱ仯ţƬ̺ϲ֮ɫ໥俴һۣĬٶԣĿǵصӰ
ʱѾ˵ʮףȻ̩ȻܶˣѾ˻ع㳡ˣһ˸ԿԳܵĽϣŰơ
ǲż봫ʱ磬Ǿͣһյʵ
һյʱ䣬һѾٵʮŽ׵ľʮɸߴʮɣԵִڶʮס˵Ŀ㼯ϣȴʮɡ
Ȼһ󲽿һһɣʮ֮󣬱Լ˵ڶʮס
ڴ˿̣㳡Ͼ̾졣
ӵϵڶʮˣ
丮֮ףʱ˵ڶʮףǼٶˣ
ӵĹھһĪ

֣Ӵʱһֻʮɣһյϵڶʮ׵ʱüͷֻ΢һ£ȻĽŲȻȽÿһһ֮Զ
̨ӢҲˣȻžѹȴûӰ쵽ǵĽŲֻǣһľٶӰ쵽ǣӢʱȭͷ߬ýģһԼ̨ͬ飬Щ
ԼжôһŮأ΢ӿһ½Ųһɣǰʮɴ֣ȥ
̨ƺûиоӢľٶȻԼٶȣ֪ĽڶʮϣʵˣᱻûģûҪΪ˷
ȴ룬Ӣ˼һԼһŮӣҪ֤ԼʵҲǼӿٶȣһɣʮǰ̨鱼ȥ
ʱʮŽϵ߻мˣֱ֣ع֣ͮ캣Ԫƺ档ʮ˽ҲвˣͷĺȻڽһ˺ŷҲȻС
ﺮҰ޼ɺ͸һڵʮ˽ףܿ㵽ʮŽˡ
ʱڵʮףѾͣˣƺ޷ٴˡȻݣţԱߵļ˿Ŀɿڴ
һٶʮ֮󣬲ûлףһȥԶź̾ǣûбЩͷΪսŸտʼ
ڣÿǰһףǶһҵشѹʱܵʮһѹԣȵһףǶʮѹ
˵ȻǲСû¡
ƣԼʵܵǵʮĽס
Ƭ֮Ѿ˵϶ʮˣֱ֣ӺӢ˵ĸо֮ǰȻͬ
֣ӻһЩϻ̩Ȼӣĵȴ̾ѣʮ׵ѹȻ֮ǰͬӢʱоԵǰߵһȻϺܲĵҲ̾
𿴶ʮ׵ѹ֮ʮŽ׵һֻһߣһȴرⲻѹ⣬طı仯


141 
ȷڶʮ׺ʮŽֻ趨һߣʮŽ£ʮϣô¾һ˵ؿڷһʮ飬ϱһ˵ؿڷһյкȵʮ顣
ÿʮ׵طʹȻ
Ϣ֮Ҳ̤˶ʮףǰߵļˣ˲䳬ȥǸܵԵѹ󣬱ֹסͷ
֪ıƴڲſʼ
Ϣ̨֮Ҳ˶ʮס಻Զڶʮ׵ƽ̨ϣ໥һۣӢȿˡ
ǲҪһȣ
ԣȻȲǼһǼʵ󣬱һµ޷֣һѾʵ˶ʮ׶ʮɸߴһ΢Цŵ
ǲǵģ絭صȻҲ뼸˱һ£˭ȵ˭ǵߡ
ų̂ɫ䣬Įһ
ϣ˱㿪ʼվһߣ׼һ׽
֣ӷͬʱ𲽣ٶһɡ߿ǰûͣ٣Ѹ׷ȥ
ৣ
˵ٶȻһʮϢ֮󣬱㿪ʼ˲ࡣһʱѾŶʮױȥˣҲյʮһס
ֻһʮһף֮Ĳ׿ó
֣ӵٶ죬̨ɣӢ̨ʮɣȴĩӢɡ
㳡ϵĹȻע⵽֮Ľʱڴź
ʱƣÿһ˵ٶڼ졣ظϳһһߣ̤˵ʮ˽׵̡
һָ䣬ﺮѾڶʮ֮ˣҲڣעĿڽһҲڡ
ǲûǰĿעŽеˣ۾ŨŨս⡣ǿĶ֣ǲУҲҪһ֮һս
̫ǿˣվ֣عͮ󣬿ϷƴսӰ̾
ǰ֣عͮ۾һֱ̨飬Ȼ̾ͬΪŮˣȷʵ
ͮ㣬Ҳ̾ˣֻҪŬԼˣưοΪ֣عͮĹкѣ˵Ů˹ı
ԣԼ֣عͮ߬ķȭ۾һɨ⣬ȻһЦȻ
ŮһЦ㽫ĿٴξۼעĿļӰϡ
ڽһվȺǰ棬ĿһۿԷٶʮˣ΢˫ȭԾսˣ
ɲ֮ͷһۣᲽһ׽
ʱ򣬶ʮϵȺֿʼɧˣڽһľٶȼеĻѣÿеĶ־ˡ
֣عͮˣƶˣԪˣʮе߶ˣǺη̤˽ŲȻ죬ȴǳ˾ġ
㳡ϵĹҲѪڣܶ˶˽ϾͣǿЩƴеˣǺ񶼻ص˶ʮǰ緢֮ʱ
ǣҲ
Ƭʱ䣬ѾʮŽףһ׵࣬кüˣ˵ĽŲȴǻڹһⲻԸģֻѹ£ҪҲС
мʮˣۿҪ̤϶ʮˣǷ·𱻽µİʯקסˣά裬ؽҧȴܴһʮϢ֮һ˵һֻŸ̤϶ʮףֻķֱ֮ӽб£䵽ʮŽʮ֮ڽѪȻһˡ
־Ҳǿ۾еĿ־һɨ⣬һöҩ֮󣬱ٴŶȥ
ȻƬ֮Ȼʮ׵شƵˣбϹ
ڶεĳʧܣ߲٣ĨȥǵѪվϷᶨĿĽ棬ǰϣ̤һһɣϷȥ
ΣĴΣöεĳԣȻֹڶʮ¡
ûзĿһļᶨ
ƶᣬʯΣ
Χ߿˵ľ񣬸ȾԵÿһˡ
黸ǺģҩȰѵһţֲľǶҪúѧϰ΢Ĳκ黸ľٶжѣΧӺͳһۣȻ
ҩȵ˶ǸжѣҵļҲǵͷޡ
СһӦҩȵǸŵӰɣĨź룬΢Цŵԣȷʵѵã֮ܳԺ㣬һΪ
ҲСһɫȻᣬȴ̲ȣΧļ߶Ŀ
ǺĽУֺõĻԿǽѡʮԤѡУ֣صصҲκ黸ĸȾ
ǾôˣҲǵͷͬ⣬κ黸ı֣˵һ¡
ȻֻһСĿĻǶĽǲߣǹڣ߸Եļѡ֮⣬ע㾡ǼĽӰ֮ϡ
ûһϣЩԼĵӣΪԼ⡣
ź˷಻
̶̵ĲһʱһѾ˶ʮסڵ϶ʮ׵ʱĶûһ˿ٻһ׷ȥתȫڶʱһס
վڶʮϣʮѹͿֲĴƷ֮ͷ±߳Ӱޱ飬ü飬Ȼ¶е
ֻǶѣԼŵܵܡ
϶ʮ׵ʱʵǵˣ˶ݵͣ٣ǵĿⶼվǰͦӰĽʣ飬ȱȽǡ
֣콭̾һ˴СһȻѣȴҲǵˣ໥֮˽⣬ȴѺ͵һ
֮ǰΪһĶ֣жԹϵǾϵ
Ǿ̶̵ʱһ츳ʤԼһɷ֮ںͺڣƲ𲻴󣬵ȴ˵˺ܶ⣬ѾǸԵδĪϵ
Ĳ
֣콭ﰵôÿεĽǲ֮䣬ʱãȴû˿Эֻǽ죬̬ˣشƵѹ£˺ܶ⡣
̨鵹ûһ˿û֮Ƚϵ̬һУ޷ǸǸˣᶪ
ڱ˿ѾˣԼĿǰĳɼûʸĵ£Ǽٰġ
治ɫԼĲ˳شƵĳȴ޸о
ӢɫȴÿȻʱѾڶʮһ֮ˡ
ǿֻԼǣ˶ǳС
ǣֻ֣ǸΣ΢һСȺ΢Ȼ۵Ǹ
һִܸУǺǷŭͲʡ
ӢĲ֣콭̨飬ĸһͬǻӣ£ȴͬʱϰ䣬˵Ըͬһһǣһͬ㣬Ƕţǻʹ˶Ͽɵġ
ȻĽ죬һľԸһ㣬ȴǲʱԼв磬ǵԷѾٵʮˣﻹһʹ
ѵĲ


142 
Ϊƽеţ֮ǰͬʱܶеżʦʦóݣʦʦһֱڹУԽ
ǣһǰһжˣһδܣ
Ƶ۹ʲô˵ͨѡǣڣгȻĵλԴǸ֮ʧȥ˹⻷
ϲʦã˶Էĵ¡
ΪʵǸǰȴһ
ǰԼʦʦãʱѾû֮ǰˡ
ǣԴԼöĵҩ֮ʰģÿԻǸԼܴˡ
շ֣Լľ룬Զ
ʱĴһͻأģǲ죬Լɷ֮ΪȻڷƵ۹һУӵͷ֮ء
ǣվڶʮһ֮ʱȴһĪ֮С
죬ˣ
һǲ
֪ԼǿԷǣҲôĲడ
ͬɷ֮ΪʲôĲࣿ
ΪʲôԼǰ߻ˣ
Ϊʲǫ̂һɷ֮ŮӻԼǰߣԼ˦ʮ֮Զ
Ϊʲô
ɫ΢Ĳȭͷ߬ţ
ҲһҪǣҪң
ŲǰȥӢӰ죬Ҳ˲֮Ун
ÿһ˶ǰԼϵǣԼеǡ
ȺŲУһһɣһϢʱ䣬һϢһһߡ
ٶȣͬײ֮УȻ˺ܶ࣬ʱƣЩǰߣһ󣬴ؿԶȥӰ
ıֺͨԵߺ͹㳡ϵǼ֣һ˺ѷ֡
ȻҲûмԸȥעһεʮŽ׵İˡԣܶ˲Ὣ뾺۷֮С
ⲻҪںЩǽӣܻᷢģ
˿̣ش֮УԼķ֮ȻûԵĸȴҲһشƵķ֮֮ΪµĴҪ֮򣬲һһϦҪʱ䣬ҪԵ
ûбΧӵӰ쵽˵ûм˵ġ
ȻЩǰߣ⣬ûн֣һ
ĽŲǺǣʼһĲֻһǱϷ
һѾڶʮĽˣٶȺ컹ҪⲢΪ֮ʵʹȻ
ʮϵѹѾҪӽļˣʱһÿһҪһЩҲ׾ȫֶʩչ˳Կƥشơ
϶ʮһ֣֮콭˵ʵ˷ֲ̨֣콭ļʼձֲ䣬ӢҲǲǣ̨˵ľ󣬽нԶ
ʮָ䣬֣콭Ѿ˶ʮסʱ򣬹㳡ϵȺֿʼɧˣر֣֮ˣ֣ǵӰƷҫ
ȻʵǻûнǣĿǰѾ˵ܶˡ
֣ӣҫ棡
֣콭ı̨֣˿ΪԼķǰʮϢ֮Ҳٶʮף
ʱ򣬲㳡ϷˣҲʼɧ
һŮӣ˱֣Ѿǳڶ˵ˣ
ң̨黹һŮһǵŮμӿĻʽ֮ʱѾ˵Ľˡ
˰ĽŮ˼ʣ
϶ʮ֮󣬱ͣȥĿӹӢӹ磬ӹһߣѰǵԵӰ硣
ڿңʮһ߷̨Ŀ֮󣬼૵
˵ڿңһ߷ΪҲо̨Ŀ⡣
ˣڿңԱһµ

̨ܿҵӰɵĲȻһЦ
üһ˫ϲϲͫȴ̻ݣ¶ŨȺ˸ɽͷ̨·ꡣ
һЦʱʧɫϵߣǿЦݣͣ˽Ųľԭأƺȥǡ
Щתֿشƣֱӱ䵽ƽ̨ϣķܶ˿ȴ֮һ档ǲû˿Ĳڵϣ۾δ뿪ǵӰ
̫ˣ
֪˭һ̾ΧȺԶͷ޳ɣ⻹˵Ĺ۵㡣ǳϵʮŮ֣عͮƣõȵȣҲ̾硣
Ҳֻ˲飬δӦһ֣콭ûп̨绨Ц̣ΧһУδע⵽
һݵͣ٣̨˲䣬תǰȥµܽĳ״̬ûвԼ
ʱԽ״̨̬ǳĽ˵츳ʹȻɣ
쵱Ȼ̨֪ͶԼһĳڸ֮Уʱʮ׻ʮɣʱߵĽŲ뿴Ŷʮ֮ϵǵӰǵʷӰ
һ֪ܶѾ׼ԼΪѾʸʮɣʮĽ׻ʮɵĸ߶ȡ
ÿһܻҲܽÿһ֮Զ˵ѾܲˣٴǻķѺܶԼܲ
Ȼ̧ͦͷϸĵ˶ԿЩǿϵѾ¡ͦظֻ֤һһˣҪͦʣµʮɵĸ߶ȡ
ĽǦһأÿ̤ȥһصزڰʯϣۿߵһ¡
죬˵ĿⶼۼһϣҪʮɸ߶ȣٶʮĽס
һɣɣɣ
һҧ㾫ǰţϢǰͦ˿ȴΪ޷ٽעŵϣ˿̣ʶԼһֱ̧ͦͷȥ϶޷ʮĽס
һ㽡׳ʱȴһʮнľߡ
ʮϢ֮Ѿ˶ʮף˿̣ҲͣĿǰ̬Ȼ
ͣΪһо˲ͬشƣҪƬ̣һ
û˸оĵﺮˡҵעϷϾ˼
һܳǰŲÿһֻߣÿһҪϢʱ䣬ʮɵĸ߶ȵʱÿһֻŲߵľ룬ÿһҪϢʱ䡣
ȫ̤֮ԶֻһϢʱ䡣ʣµİɸ߶Ҫһ߾ȫʩչĿˣ
ǵ۹ӣһ·
ҧнһɸ߶ȡ
Ҳǵ۹δĻʵۣ˷һԵʮĽף
ţһǰһɸ߶ȣ


143 һ
۹ſ˭ƥУҲķƵ۹һſ
˻ţʮĽֻɸ߶ˡ
֣콭ĵܣȣǳص۹˵ˣעĻߣ
ţٴһɡ
ŵܣҪ֪츳ٺãҲûʵҪҪ۹ǧĵһ֪㲻ң
һĳХţɫͨ죬Ϣأ·һɽһŲţʮϢ֮нһɵĸ߶ȣ
ǵ۹δĻߣҪҵҪƵ۹ɷҪǧ
ʱһ۾Ѿ΢ˣһͷһ㣬нн̵һɡ
ֻʣһˣʮĽ׾ǰߣֻҪһɵĸ߶ȣͳɹˡ
ͣ
֣
쵽ˣҪ

źţ㳡ϵĹҲĬţ֮ǰкܶϣǶһЩϣʧܣһ̣˶ϣܳɹ϶ʮĽס
ÿߵľԼ޷ɵ飬ۿɣԼľӰ޴Լĸ
ڣؾе˵ףУһֻһɵٶʮĽס
һͦڶʮĽ֮ϣԼĿꡣ
һȥǵ۹һſ
һȥǷ丮ʷõĵӣ
һȥǷƵ۹δĻʵۣ
һȥԽƵ۹ɷ

ȥ
̤ȥͳɹˣ
찡Ҫ¼ˣ

죬˶źţһ˵ľһܡ
һ۾Ѫ죬ϼ΢¡ݽҧĿЩ
緢һ㣬Хһתȫ˶ʮĽףһ
ʮĽʮֻ谭غɶѣطı任˲佲һͨߵȥ
һһ쳣գ쳣ѣ㾡ȫԸԳ
Ȼ˿Ǳعʯϣ۾ĺɫȥɫЩ԰ףǶĺ˳ڴŴǴһ˿Цݡ
֪ɹˣ
һöתͷ·Լˡ
һ̣Įȴ¶һ˿Ȼϲɫ
һ̣һ㣬Ŵأ·һ㡣
ʯϵ߶ѣۼ֤һ϶ʮĽף˵ľ΢ı仯
㳡Ϸˣ丮ϲȸԾĽѣǹ麣ηҲ˰㡣
һ⺢ɷҲһʱˣղܵشƺͷ֮ĳϢѾˣ֮󣬱ͻƿˣź룬̾
ǰǺ£ʵԽߣԵ۹˵Խ󣡡̾

֣콭΢΢̾һεҡҡͷһ̣оʵĲࡣ
ֻ̨Ըв죬仯󣬻Ǹ˿ɵص϶ʮĽףߡ
ӢɫЩ࣬ȭͷ߬мŲ
磬ҲˣΪҲԵ϶ʮĽס
Ƭ֮󣬶ʮĽµĹ߶ˣʼǰУһȻͦʯױԵ·Ľߣȴţû˿ȼġ
ȷе˵ڿ֣콭ˣ
Ϊֻ˲ʸȣˣûз
оԼͻƾ粻ԶˣûϢżڻ꾳ͻơ
˿ֻ̣뿴ԼǷж֡
оһҲ΢䡣֣콭һԣϷȥ
ʮɵĸ߶ȣ˵ûжѣ̨ͬʱ𲽣ʮϢ֮˶ʮ׵ıԵһȥԵ϶ʮס
ֻǣһоѹоеٻͣϢʱ䣬ų̤϶ʮס
Ȼ˶ʮףǾҲʮ׵Ѷȣ֮޷϶ʮĽס
ǰţΪأÿһǺܿ죬ÿһֻĳ֮Զ
ʮϢ̨֮Ҳ˶ʮףĸܷǳ̣ʮشƵķȶʮҪǿҺܶࡣתȫֿĽŲҲǷǳÿһֻ֮Զ
֣콭̨϶ʮ׵ʱӢ绹ڶʮ׵İϣʱǵʮ֮ߣ粽ˡӢǵ˰ʮ֮ͣ޷ǰ
ʱ˸о޷ֿѹ쳣вᱻѹ顣
Ų쳣أ߾ȫһǿķֱ֮ӽ˰ʯ£˶ʮƽ̨ϡ
ӢоûлͷΪͷ֮ǰͷһ顣˿̣ȴоһѹƬʱ䣬Ҳᱻȥ
ҧţûŲʱѾʯȥɫѿ֮
ʮɵʱǱˣһˡ
Ӣɳؼţ֪ҧ߾ȫŲȥ
ǣһ̣ҲشƵˣʯ£ҲһЩˡ
ѾٴγԵ磬عͷϷԣֱŴ̨ȥ
翴һǰʯ£ҲͷŴ̨ȥ˴̨ɵʱͣ뿴ˡ
ʯ׵סߣʶɵؽһС
һ˷΢̣㲻ȥעǣǽĿ֣콭̨ϡ
֣콭ѾǸʮɣʱȴ޷Ѿڽֿشƺͷ̨֮ǵǸʮɣ㱻赲ס˽Ų
ȻƬ֮˶֮޹ǲûз
һ˵ɫ䣬ֱתŴ̨ȥ
֪޷ڵǸһˣֱӽ꾳ɡ
ϴ̨ڰǶʯ֮һĻһһϢʱ䣬ʧˡ
ʱҲʼǰˣ˳һ϶ʮĽ׵ƬʱѾԶʮ׵شƺͷ֮һֺ΢ĸоԺȴһӡ壬޷⿪
ڹעطĺ˵һֻԵ޷ֻطĳΪЩ΢
Ȼ޷аȻᶺ̫ãŲӣǰȥĿǶʮһס
ʱĶʮһףѾվˣֱ֣عͮ˵λʵǿ֣عͮнʮʮһ׵ıԵˡ
Ĳ֮ǰԿһЩһߣɲǼ
ݵÿһ״ƽ̨Ӧб£֮ͬģֻشƵѹڵѡԣŻ֮ǰͬĲ
鵭쳣Ȼ÷ǰΧ𾪲ѡ


144 ո¶â
߹˸һԣ߹ﺮԣ߹˱Ұ޼ԣ߹ԡ
ǶľٶĽֳݣص飬˶ûпڴš
ȻһЩҲʼע⵽졣Ϊֻϸĵ˻˲ܷڲ֮ͬ
ڽһʱ۾΢ȴ𺳲ѣôҲ벻ڷƵ۹˵ĿţЩӵ˿
Ҳ֣ǵ۹СǻҵıϷƵ۹츳û˿ŵᲢۡǱսҲû˿Աȵ硣
ֻǣҰеʱòϣݸ꣬ȷʵڲͬ
شƺͷ֮һ㡣
ΪŮӣڱȽرˣһرĸоȻһˡ
ȻûӢգ˵֮ȴɴһŮ˵ģŮӡ
ŷҲ죬ˣһֱһ˿־壬Եʱסһս
쵱Ȼע⵽Щûн״̬һǵŷˡ
δͣκһ˵ϣϣֻһˣǰֻаʯб¡
ںܶ˵޷ԽĶʮһ׵ķ֮ϣȴͬ裬ͬĲͬٶȣͬı飬ɳ˶ʮһ׵ƽ̨ϡ
˶ʮһ֮󣬱ͣʼһ׵ķ֮
ʱڶʮһ׵ߣ֮⣬֣ع֣ͮ캣ԪǰѾбˣб½£ˣǡʶ졣
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˭
ôֲôδˣ
Ӧڵģֻǲ֪ںʱ
˵ǰڻſڣһӶսܼˣǴʤ飬ĪǾǴˣ

СˣĨź΢Цŵͷ̾
¿ɾˣֻǲ֪ܵϵڼ㣿ҲǵһЦ˵
ʱٶ϶һ⺢ҪߵԶ֣صص
ţСȷʵһףһеΪˣĿ֮У֪Ǳڵײ㣡ȴҡͷ̾
Сӻǵϣɫ
ԣʡƺΪ⣬ֱӿʵ
ô϶ǽһһҲûбϣ
ľ֣ش֮һͽһΪ˷â¶Լ˵ģǵˮƽȥ裬ǲ踺أԿ£۾΢УӰص
۴ӣΪ˵͵Ϣȣ⻪ʵԴ⣬Ǳã֮࣬ǰ;ҵȿԴĦģǽõõҷƵ۹һˣ
գ𾪲ѣɫ仯ɫ΢ȻС˵ǵ
һ⺢ӣѹ֮꣬Ǵ꣬ҲûĥȥâȻ̾
⣬֪һ£ڹڣΪʼӵܣٻһԽУַ˰㣬ǴҲ֣صص
˵ͷΪͬ
ڵ򣬴ʱȴϲѡǳ׷磬û֮ǰϣЦǺǵģȫһ̵Ĺģ
Сˣ
ǰʵĳ漴٣ɴ
麣η֮ǰǲ˸ţԼɫ˵Сǲǽ˽״̬
ôܣڰˣҲһԽ״̬麣ηĻ֡
ʦ֣ǲǿˣ⽥״̬Ƿǳѵã˵ͽģȫƾ׷ҲȻڹ麣ηĲ²⣬ȻϿɡ
ǰشƺͷ֣֮һ߶ѣŶֲֿѹоҲǲףҵΪ˽״̬һȻ
Ҳǲ²⣬ʱ飬ȴе״̬麣η֪̾Լû˻ţԼҲšǣ·ϣǾͲһˣһصˣһЩ¶
ôɵӣŰοҪ۹ˣһϵǶ۲ķǳϸ
ǰϵһ׵Ķʮףһֱ̩Ȼӣǿ͸ʵ

УѾ˶ʮף˵ѶȡֻɵŲƽ̨һԵȴţܼѵŲţ߾ȫһ
ĵͶϢһ䣬Ǳܶݵļһȵز˰ʯƽ̨ϡ
ڵϣһ˲ıķ˲ʱȴţӺꡣӿռָóһöҩ¶ȥȻ̧ͷǵѽнԶӰ֮࣬һĤݵĸо
վڴ̨ԱߵӢ̬˵ı졣
⻹ڵĵӣӢɫأ۾΢У죬ǳ˳飬
ȭͷ߬ýģҧĽбһ˻ѩܵģǿֻšӢ⣬ߺ޵رĳ֡
벻ھָ֣Ӣ̾ѣ漴ֻǲ֪սΣܷߵʮĽףлᣬһս
Ƴһۣ΢΢ûд𻰣ȴǷ̰ѣܸ֣Ͳվˣ
ʱΪؾ˵Ľ㣬ȴ֪һ֮ˣĮЩټôõ˭Ǹ
˶ʮ֮ٴͣƽ̨Ե۾ϸΧط
ÿһƤÿһëףÿһƾ񣬷֮Уһ
ģϷһЩ仯ģˡ
СĿռ֮ϵĿռ䷨谭ʦ򵽵Ŀռ⾳һЩ仯
׼ȷ˵
˿·֮Уʵģá
Ϣ֮󣬰ʯƽ̨Եʧˣ·վڴ̨һ㣬ʧˡ
Ϣ֮˾ʯ̨Եɵĵط
һ˲䣬ٴʧˡ
ǰнɡ
ˣʱʱУѾб½¡
ͣȻ۾˫ֱһƮ첻Ϣܣʹɡ
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ʲô
Īۻ˰ɣ
ϢδδŰ
Īǿռ⾳߾е
ʲôռ⾳ôܣߵĻҲ֡


145 
⾳С㲻˰ɣӦʲôķţ⾳֮ɻ
ǰô⾳أָĵֲ·ߵҰݣ˵оǣǷƵ۹м⾳ģ߱۵ǾȻ˿ռ⾳
ҿˣ
΢΢̾˿һֱ죬ǶڵֳĶһЩ˽ġ
ϣѾ⾳Ϳ۽ˡ
⾳ֳĵߵΪ޹أֻߵԺͻԵйء
Ժõߣп⾳Բãµ֮ǲġ
ȻԵҪġκߣûлԵһӶӴ򡣼ٺãӴ֮ȥ
ǻԵãԶԺˡ
ڵ˶ԴҲ𾪲ѣûио⣬Ͼڹͤв¶⾳
ֻ֪ʱʩչǷ֮⾳Ҳûмʶ֮⾳Ҫ˵ǿĿռ⾳
ֻǣʱǱΪǷ֮⾳ˡ
̨ʱ˻صб½£վҲһɴעӣƬ̵
֪Ѿһֹһ֣ǣҲֱ治⾳
ȻҲЩֻںǰˡǸ׳գҲӢ˵İ׳ա
ע档
ӣһŨüԹͭɫƤͦεģ⻹һˣ
һֱǸϵŮˣδŮ˽飬ڵĵһ죬;һ
ǣֵʱˣ
һŮһʼв
ҲǱǰ˿壬ԼǱ׵Ĺȣʱʼ
Ҳȷڲͬ
ң˺ܻˣһĹػٵƭȡøС
٣һÿһһ룬ܿġ
ţ̨ʼˣоԼı仯̵Ȼɬõͷ
һ˲ûע⵽
Ҳ裬գïɡ·֮£ƮƮ֮ѩԶ̫֮ϼȶ֮ܽޡ˲a˵ԣ޶̺϶ȡɣԼءӾʳ¶޼ӣǦٶ룬üꡣʣʣ̸ȨݣǾС̬ڷݡعӦͼ
ʫƣ
Ůˮءˮŷ֮˭Ϭݣ˫ü翪ط֬Լ̬ӯԳ֡ɫˡ
ž̨ʱ˰ɣ
һʱ䣬۾ΧһУȻء
ôܵȥ𣿡ǰݣоǹ֮⡣
ˣҵʵֹڴˣ̨ȻһЦˮӽضǰˡ
ţҪǿԼ꾳еսͣһˣе㵣ģʮ׹Ʋʺ㣡ͲҪǰˣ̨߽飬ںڵ㷢ص
֪뿴վڶӣ̨Ƥգ۾룬ǻؾеŮΪģ
شƺͷ֮ҵ谭ǺܴҾ˵ܵʮףܴĺ䶯ҵĹ似촫ЩֻΪ׽ε֮ſ˵
ǵڼײֹ̨ĻҲ֣ͬʱҲǽѡ
һյǵ˶ٽף췢ļǿУƺûһӰ²Ѿ˻꾳
ǿܶ࣬˶ʮĽף̨
Ŷͷ漴̨飬Ҫͻˣ˻꾳ڰȫʵȻȥɱޣƵʱʵ϶ģ
ţģ̨СһӦ
ȥˣ˼̨ĺ󱳣˵
ţ̨ͷвᣬֻһ˲䣬㺬Ц
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ֻǼϢʱ䣬㿴֣콭ʮ֮ʱĿͶ
û˵ֻԵĵͷһкԼó̡
⣬֣콭Ҳе㾪ȣ˵ʵӦֱȽϿˣֻû뵽Է˵͡
֣콭Ǹֵķ緶
쵱Ȼ֪Լ򵥵һк֣콭룬ԼڶԷȻһˡ
Ҳûиоһϰѹһ˿ϲǳضԽطøһЩ
ңѹҪǿܶ࣬ߵĸдá
֪̫ãϾǱңûȥ꾳֪ʲô²ǲ²⣬ʵȷأɲҽʱ˷
϶ʮĽ֮ҲǶݵͣһһ׵ķ֮һЩ仯Ҫϸһ
شƵѹĿǰ˵΢΢ڴһСһԺԡ
ǣطµĴ֮ȴСȷû߿Сִ֮
Ǵ˵еЩ̫ŴܣҲǶԴ˾η֡
֪һ;ʦĳģؼԿصūۡ
νزʣΪۻ
ؼ࣬һַǳСһ㣬СӵǻۣӵһŲģԣǲſԴؼȡԿأճء
һĵ򣬱缢ϻ˵С¹һ
һ˿ֵֻҪԺкܴĻʶ۷塣
ؾУıǿռķ֮ϣռļѹΪһϰĥʵߡ
Ŀռ⾳ǿռ֮ĳʼ״̬ԣֿռ伷ѹ֮ռ⾳źܴİ
ڶʮĽ˰ʱ䣬ŲֵʩչɲǼԶĵط
ʮϢ֮˶ʮĽ׵Ķ壬һɵʮס
˶񣬿һЩѾˣϣһﱻΪľٶѾǵ࣬ʵ޷ڳĳ
Ȼ˵ϣʵԽԽãϾǵľһǱĬİ
ûй˵ҽţڶʮ׵ƽ̨ϣҲȥ
־ı֣ݺݵش̼ųϵļ֡
ĪѾʧȥã
Сʲôķشƺͷ֮
Ȼ˵ϣжķܰ˵顣
˳


146 꾳
϶ʮֻ֮ͣʮϢʱ䣬㿪ʼһ֮С
Ⲣȥ֮һ·ѾջܴˣȻǣٴ˴̫ʱ䡣
ңڴ˼ʱҲΪѾĥķ֮ˡ
ﾲϼ£ſԽռ֮øһЩ
ǣûʱ˷Ҳ
ʩչԼ򵽵Ŀռ⾳ʮϢ֮˶ʮס
˿̣ؾеѾĬˣûû꽻ͷӶ˵Ŀⶼϡ
ƺѾľˣľһȺһڳϡ
϶ʮ׺ֻͣϢʱ䣬΢΢̾˿
һϵķ֮ˣҲһ㣬Щʧ
ˣȻ޷򣬾ͲȥˣĸԴĦ˴ʵǱֹڴˣԺлᣬ˵أúõһ
룬ֹͣǰУֱӳҲĴ̨ȥ
ʱ˷Żع˰̾˳ޣֲһ
ı֣Ƿǳ⣬Ѿ˷Ƶ۹ļ¼
˾ž֮ˣҿԾһԽУƺԼҵĵһ
Ȼֻǲ˵뷨һɫѿ֮ҳڵĶ鿴ˡ
Щˣ뻶ڣǧںܼ֮ˡ
˾ı֣һھӣǶϡ
ڣˣ
վڴ̨ϣһ۹㳡ϵˣһĵȻɨһϵʦʦ㣬΢΢ףĿ̨ͣϡ
̨鿴Ŀ⣬ЦȻգգˮһӯӯʾġ
ûдֻǵһͷóʯǶʯ׹һӰʧˡ
꾳֮ؾе˷źһϵߣǼǵ̡
һߣûǿˣվڴ̨صߣҲһν˻꾳
һʱ֮е߶ӦĻ꾳
ʱǲſʼĿתƵ֮ϡ
Ŀǰֻһ֡
һʮ֣
˵һѾɱһֻ׵Ļޣȡ侫Ѫ
ϾһŽȥһʱնɱʮֻ׵Ļޣ
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ϢΧĲͣĻҲɢȥһȫµСС
վڴ̨ϣܣֻ˴һ壬ҹʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨Ȼͬһֺĸо
ɽˮвݣŨûǳ¡
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⻹һرС磡
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һУİڤ
£ǳ
ʱȲ棬ҹѷ֡
л޴棬ȴ
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ֻǣֻʱ䣬֪ʱģʱ䣬ڻ꾳Ƕ೤ʱ䡣
ҹ˭֪ʱ೤⵹Ǹ鷳
˼һ֮󣬽Щ֮Ժ󣬷ʱ䵽ˣϻϢҲָ˴Ĵ̨
ڵɱޣ֪޵Ŀʶ֮ʱ˷Ҫռֺö
Ͼʶаҩ챦Ǻ˴ȻܷŹ
Ȼ뵽ռָССһѾܳʱˣ÷ų͸͸ˡ
ʶһ˯ļһﱻ˳ֱӵϣˤ˸š
ѽѽ죬ҹ磬ҸŰͯСſڵϣ˼£㷭죬߶ͣ
磿
ң
Űͯ
ʲô˼
СĻеĪСĴмȷʵŹֵе㲻֪ν
С𻹺ãƵܣԭתȦӣƺеԺ
ˣǸһСһŵСԴЦŵ죬֣صӢ䣬ߴ磬ٷ磬ӢСǸҲôСΣұ֤Ҳᷢˣ
СһжⰡ˫ֱŶӣ̧ͦͷСӣ糤һ㣬
֪ܸģĪɣҾԭˣ´Σնģ
ûЦѾַ죬ղСһı仯ԽԽˡ˫֣СһﱧЦӦ
һһ
ЦɫС죬ڻ꾳֮У⻹һСеС磬ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨粻һҪɱޣԽԽãĸӦǿң
СĬ˼Ϣʱ䣬漴̧ͷǰҸӦһصٻңһϤĸо
Ŷüͷ΢⵹Ǽ飬漴С𣬵Сûָо
СһСһ֮󣬶˵СƺҲָоֻûǿҶѣ
쵹ǳĬˣСܸоⲢϡ棬ΪСޣĸо񣬿СֻһޣʵԼԶоСθӦõ
⣡
ΨһĽ;һﶼޣԼˣ
Сޣôٻ϶ǷϣҪӦ˵ĳ档
ȻСǸӦٻȥ
ðɣȥǱ߿̧ͷǰʶȫǧ֮⣬ϢʲôҲûиӦ
ĿľƺԶ
ụ̂ͣǰȥ
һյ˵һɽȡ
ʱͣ˽Ų
һƬʶһɨҲǺҹһĸо첻۾
죬ƺ쳣ҸоϢʮ֣ȴʲôҲССһƤЦģһΣգ쳣衣
Ӧǻޣ쵭صƺûһ˿ŸУ״˵ޣֻǲ֪սΣ
ҪСİС춣һСļϣΪ֪һսĴս
ǰ岽Ȼͣ۾ԪȴصӰ֡
ɳɳɳһ󼲷ֵоҲһɱȽǿľϮ
ֳʵ״ֱ£ճһһɳĻɫԪУ
ȼľ
Ԫ浶ǰ΢ɵֻһ˲䣬һҵ˻ͷƤ顣
һɷԲķΧһ֮ڣڰ٣һֻһɸߵߵİɫڵϣţȴ޷
ǰĹССҲ˹ŵϵĹ治ѡ
һֻޣ΢֣ȫëʰɫԴèͷӥһȴ绢ֱֻȴ߳ƣȴָֻÿһָ߳ϷĹ⡣
ǻޣ
ȽײߣȻᱻһо͸Ūˡ


147 ɱ
쾪Ȳѣôصޣ״μǰһֵһԪֱӽ޵Դ£ָһãһξѪ׷˳֮С
ʶһɨƣһٻ֡׹⻹һֻ߽׵Ļޡ
һģ󣡡С쿴Ż޵ʬ壬ֹô󣬲ſţҳNɪȻѧվ·ⲻŰô
գһСһҲ̫ˣ˼һޱģòʲôϵ
οҪ˵Ư˭˵أƯ
ҡҡͷֱӽ޸ʿȴûзˣüͷȻûˡ
ҿԴС쿴ɻѵ
۾һԪУ޵Դг룬ȻںԳһöҰСİɫ͸ӣĹ⡣
һ֮Уϸع۲
޵һصϢڲ֡˫ֽ֮ʮͼ֮һȥȻ޹
첻üͷ΢޹Ź֣Ҳء
Ȼ޷
޷ʶ
ʶ
ĪҪʶɣ
ֹͣĵڵϣ˫ֱģȫ˰
ֻһ˲䣬߸оһ˿֮лԺۼ蹬ʶбȻ仯ԣѾ㹻ˡ
ⶫȻа
һʱ䣬Žö߽׵ĻˣһöȻñ㡣
һһ񺣵ı仯ĵͷ
С죬ҪɱһЩްȷʵǴ֮ɴ
û⣬ֻ´ֳһǣǵǰ֪ͨһҵȱ۾Ӱ飡Сһ࣬˵š
Ϊ֮ᣬεҡͷðɣӢС죡
һ޼ǰУһʱ䣬һֻŽ׵Ļޣ컹һн֮նɱ˳㽫һյʱ䡣
ʱڻ꾳֮ķؾУ˶ΧŹ㳡ϵ񱮣һͼ֣۷׷ס
ֻʱϣѾֳˡ
һʮһһǧһʮ
֣ӣһǧ٣
Ӣǧ壡
磬ǧ٣
죬һһ٣
̨飬㣡

ⲻ԰ʵӦʮˣôһడ
ӦǻûȺ
Ҳǣ
˵̨ҲĻˣôڻְ
ȷʵ֣

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麣ηĻڵ˲Ȼ㲻ٶԣĿۼϡ
ϵڱ仯ţҲڱ仯š
ʮ׵Ļ꾳У˵ٶȼӿˣΪоҩϢ
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۾޵ֻ۾ĿԣоһɽǿϯԼʶ֮С
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ţֻҪ׷Ҳϲϣ׷Ҳϲѡ
ϣܹٴ¼֮麣η治ɫеĿ֮顣
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ҡҡͷЩ׿Ȼ׼һ裬˲ʧԭء


148 
ڻ꾳һһںһֻһ׵Ļսһ
ʵǳǿ󣬻޵սҲͣǴʱȴһֱ·磬˿˺ۣǱ
ǳǰβȵĻޣеı˲̳
޺ӿս̣
˸һֻ߰׺ףޡ

޵ĸһĽۣѪע˻ţˣƺҪƴһ
΢̣Ϊмнٷһֻ׺ųɱޡ
ȡ飡ɱ
һۻ޸ϣ֮ǰĽ۽֣ǹ졣
شҽ෭üͷ΢壬кһףޡ
ҹŸޣ
ɱ
磬޵Դֱӽ룬ڵϣţվ˼Ϣʱ󣬱Ȼء
һֻһ׵Ļޣɱˡ
ǰ˾ѪӶȡװռָȻǰп
û˭Եһ
ϣɱڵǰȥ
֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䣬ҲʱҲǼ졣ޣڻ꾳зɳţһ·ޣȽײͬ׵׶Уʱֻһ
ˣҲûжκѣϵĺһƵС
һſ˱ʶҲ𽥱ǿϲѡ
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һΪεɽȣǳ
ڹȿڵһʯ棬ʶȫе龰ȫС
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һ˳ߵĹǰһϸɫ޳ҶӼΪŨïöҰСź͸

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쵱ȻˣļֵǶߡ
ΪϺõȺеҩ콫֮ԽԼʶһЩ
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ҿʵǿȫֻޣǱ˵Ļƾ鷳ˡ
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˿Ž׵ĻޣȻģе˷ܡ
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Ҳʼˣ˵һһǳȻ緹ɢһ㡣
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149 
ֻʱ֮ǰĽȻͬ
һǧ˰ʮһǧһʮ
̨飬ǧһʮǧ壡
֣ӣһǧİٶʮǧ٣
Ӣһǧʮǧʮ
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ʵʵڵһȻޱȣֻǣÿɱ֮Ҫʱˣ֪޵ˡ
ңãҲĻ٣ԶԶȲˡ
ô°ȥˣôһǧ򶼲ĪǶ˲ɣ
ûҪʵӦòĻް
ҲӦûûǿĻޣ

˵硣ֲ²Ⱥܶ˲µ˴ţû˻뵽ˡȻҵǼ˵˵ãǲ֪
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ˣ
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150 սļ
麣԰쵽ˣΪ꾳ѾΣ˿޷жϣֻеֹʱ䣬ŻͣˡҵΪΪ̾Ȼ
ǰ麣ǿԵĻͽȥˣαҪȵأҲε̾һ
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151 ֥
һӺɽȣССȻڵϣ״
εҡҡͷΪһᵣԼأǿȫû֮ǰ顣

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СһöССĹӣȻ˿С죬ֻСһ㶹һֱӽ̵У򵥽˼£¶ܵ顣
㰡С̾һ漴죬ȳ֮⣬˲侯
죬һûгоٸһɣСһֺõ˱治һе̬
У˷ѣ´רռһЩóԵĹӸɣдãʵģ¿ɲͬˣһöʾˣԼֻʮöѣСֲʵǴ˷ѡ
ðɣСҲ֪ЩԼ˵ֻʳѣûдãգлֹţС
ڴʱСһоСԼļתͷȥ㿴һöݵԼǰ
еϲɫһ漴˹ȥȻСԼ԰ɣȻⶫҲ󣬵㻹ǸһĽζɣЩһ¼ʶҲã
СִҪݸС쳢СȻܾˣ̬ȺܼᶨƺСеĻһʯͷһ㡣
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Сһɣ콫öݸС죬СһʱȴˣȻܾˡ
ҲҪʵɣǿˣҪժööŶ
û⣬뽫ö˵Ȼóˣ㲻ջأοСԼֵһöкη
̬ȺܼСܾˣ㽫ҧһСڣƷ
ֽһöһöСöСһС硣
Сûж룬ˣҲѧСӣƷ˻
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飬޺֮飬ȻСȴҲǸ˷θ
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żʱһߵʯУ˴ΪŨǧɷΧȴûһŵĲݻ
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ǣΪδ˴ȴŨأ
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ô£СҲʮֲ⣬Żߵʯȣʵ
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Ϊ弶ҩǧȴ
Ȼ֥һֵҩһҩЧ鵤
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ţԼƳ׷£޷ѣٲõΪԭϡ
ڣǧɷΧΪʲôûһ˿ˡ
һڴ˴ǧɷΧֲȫȡˣתԼ֣˴Ϊһ֮ء
ϲ㰵Ծ
弶ԱߣӦػޣ
ʶϸ̽һδҵһ˿޻޵Ϣ
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첻Ҵ⣬һյʱ䣬ʯٴ̽һ
ûзκβף߹ĺۼûС
̽޹㿴С죬С죬ܸܲܵ޵Ϣ
Сᣬ漴һһ޵Ϣо뿪˰ɣ
ͷС˵ҲҴ⡣
һ弶ݣұ뽫ɵ֣ң˳ҷڣ컷һܺ󣬶޵
ţСĵ㣬ǰ㿴ţСӦˡ
ԼϢʩչռ⾳ͷ֮⾳ԼУʯС
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֥һߣͽϴˡΧճҺˡ
첻ҵʱ䣬ѸȡһУ㽫֥ժȥ
ǾڴʱоһɼΪֲΣϢϿϮ
һӣ֥УװУ˵ռָѸ뿪ԭء
һ̷ļ飬ֻһɲǵʱ䡣
뿪һ˲䣬ղĵطȻըһ߳ҵĴӡ
ʱѾ֮ˣԼղĵط亹ֻһߵӰԳϢΪǿ
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Ϊһֻļ׵Ļޣ
˵ʱʵսƽļ׻ޣôļĽףദ·磬ûʤ㡣ļ׵Ļޣֻķݡ
˵ļ׻ޣҪ
˲쮳ʯȣǰߵĶ޴󺰵ߣļ׻ޣ
ҲǸоĿֲϢٻķȥ
޵ٶȺܿ죬ʵˣ»ɥ֡
СٶȻģ츳ܱȵġСٶȴ˲٣ռָ
ϣŭɽȣһʱ֮ûץ졣
֮ľԼʮɣʮɣһֱάһʱС߽һֵĵ򣬴˴ܵɫطͬһʯɵĽޡ
Сտʼûʶ˵ص쳣ֱ׷ͣڽ⣬ȴҴһ
ʱŷ˴쳣ƺ˺֮ܶ࣬ǰĵطŨһЩ
ӿռָСȻһʮļ׻ޣǰ
С·ʱǵһ˹ʯ̨ߡСǰ棬ǴʲôƣǰƾճһĻǰĿռָ


152 ̫ż
һıݣ˳Ϊ޾ļйֹĻļ¼
Ļᵽһ磬֮ǰʯ̨һߡ
ҸоٻԴͷڽߣСָŹĻ
ֻдĻ磬ҵٻԴͷüͷ΢Ҫ磬²ף
磬ַ֣һ̨ͨͨӦĽơ
ȻַʺǡΪﲢûд̨Ҳûнơ
ֻһַʽķˣǾֱһȱڣٴȱڽ롣
ſܲܺ俪һȱڣ
ʾ˺ȫԪӰ֣һȭƴ
ȭ
䣡
ĻֻǵҲһָԭĹǲ
˺һٴȫԪӰ֣ׯϡ
ǧַ
Ӱ֣Ȼ۳һƣеķɢƽ⣬ӰУȻ
䣡
һ죬ĻһֱߵԲȱڣܿ죬ȱڱ㿪ʼպ
ߣ
һŶޣӰһӽ˽磬һϢ֮󣬽лָԭƺʹδƿ
磬Ͷһֵĵط˴İһ㣬ܲû̫ǳ
ңƺһĹųżĿǰѾһƬ棬ƺǱĳǿƻǰ
޴ʯʯשϲ̦޺мһɸζֳ¾ɵĸоԱǺʱ
۾ưܵżеζöһשһ˵¡شʯܵ䴫ݳֲ͹ϡ
أ۾ʼ۲̾һ
µûӦһ̫ż
Щʯ꣬꣬ʯ׵ĳЩطѾһһĳЩֲҪʮܳǰӡ
Ŀ˴ûһôһĻҪ೤ʱĻ
ԶӴĹųǷ棬µţҲڸ䱾ĺׯơһѵӣʮ˺Χô֣ʮɸߣһʯϵʯשɼ
ư֮ǰӦһǿŵż
һ·쿴鼮мصϡֲȻݣֵȴ͡
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Žֵȥһɿʯֵһ価ͷаĳȡ
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߽ȥ֮֮Ȼһѷ棬콫ʶȫչǧķΧſһСط
ʱˣ֪ʲôȥĹųǡ
һ޴ȭӡǧ֮㣬ȥֵڵҳһʮĴӡ
⻹Ƕôǿʵ
ʥ
񾳣
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һǿޱȵ̫ţǿڴսսĵطɸ߿ա
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أ
һǧȭͷԷǶԷǿĹȭƲֱӴɸ߿£ڹų֮ϡ
䣡
ȭأֱӽųǧ֮ĵٵˣֻһ޴ȭӡ
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еԺһյľȭƲɵ
ۣ
εɳȥȭӡ޿ӵıأ³һѪͬʱʶܵ˴ˡ
벻ôãȻһ˿һȭȭ⡣һСءȭ⵱ǿޱȣֻһ㽫Ūˡ
ǲžԼжôĿЦԼӡи򵽹ʱĻһȭȻΪء
ܵġءȣС׼סԺеǸӰſɴôǿһȭ
²⵽һǲΪ
ڵϣһЩҩȻʼˡССѾ˹վࡣ
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ԺѾܴһȭ⾳ԿˣʶɢڹԣľޱȵļС
֪ȥ˶ã۾վʮɴľʯһȭ
һȭһȭģԼΪءһȭͬں޴ȭӡдܵļȭ⡣
ԣȫµһȭȻޱǿ
أ
һճһϽɫɴСȭӰԴݿ֮ƣʯ֮ϡ
¡¡
һ㣬µĵضˣʯùɵľ룬˼ϸСơ
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ȵһ죬ľӦĲΣôȫԴܵȭС
ѽѽС쿴µľ޴ȭӡֽкãһԵСҲϲȸԾ
ˣֹһָŴӵһ죬ҿԴһȭǲŽ
С첻ԣҲûжʣֱļϣСָһ򣬵ҸӦٻԴͷ
˳ָȥƺȭӡһߣ漴
ʵеļˣ֪Լ೤ʱˣҲ֪ܲҵȥ·ʱ䣬ʵܶݡ
֮УʱӦؾеĹ㳡ϡ


153 
ʱչ꾳߶յ˴Ѷ뿪˻꾳
һһ߳ڴ̨ϣԵѣæǰڻӭĽʿһ㡣
һ꺮ůЩͷԣһ֮£ŵ֪꾳г⣬Լá
Щߵǰ𾪵ͬʱҲĽѡ
죬ʮʮǧŰٰʮ
һǧʮһǧһʮ
̨飬ǧʮǧ壡
֣ӣһǧٶʮǧ٣
Ӣǧ˰ʮǧʮ
磬ǧٶʮǧ٣

ĻңңˣǸǼʮ꣬Ҳﵽ˳ɼ
ڵļ٣뿴죬μӵĵӳһﺮҰ޼ɣ磬̨֮⣬˶Ѿˡ
Ǹܵյĳأտڲԡ
Ƴˣ
ˣ
Ԫˣ
۳ˣ

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ţһҰ޼ɣﺮһγڴ̨ϣڵȺѰĲߣȴо˲һա
֪˾֮󣬼˳Ĭ
麣η۾һֱŴ̨δգһΡ
ڽһʮĻ֣ȺһУ˽Ŀڴ̨ϵǵӰ
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뵽ʮһ׵Ļ꾳֮ƴնɱޣ֮ڣ֪жٻɥ֡
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ڵĻǾͲһˣǸоʵ
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Ϣ֣֮콭ͳˣֱӻص֣ҵĶ֮Уûпϵ
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ǫ̂ʵԼǰ϶û⣬һ죬˵϶Լߡ
Ƭ̨֮ˣһڴ̨ϣ㳯ڵĶ鿴ȥѰӰ
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ʦ컹ûг𣿡̨麣ηо˴ҳƵգüͷ΢漴ʵ
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Ŷ̨һ˿ǣ漴Ž׵ĻӦвģʵļ׵ĻҲһ˵õ
գ𾪲ѣû뵽ʵôǿ
麣ηһ˿ϲɫ漴ֻ˵ǣҲԸŽ׵Ļޣ»꾳и߽׵ĻޣļϵĻޣΣˣ
̨գȻɫеصô찡ʦǽȥɣҺܵģһĸо
麣η̾һȵȵȰɣҪȵֹͣǲܽȥҪʱ
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һ֮󣬴̨ٴ춯׹һһ档
ͦɨ·Ⱥ֮䣬йΨҶƣֻǣ˿Ȼңȴûеĳ羴
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ڵĵӣһЦһôӣѵǻػڲɣô˵һӣ
գûᣬӢһûôӣУ
ţһӢȻģʲô˼
ʲô˼ԼȥϿ͵ˣ
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죬ʮʮǧŰٰʮ
һʧɫٴ񣬽Ǵˮп
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⵽ûУ˼ֻɢ˶ʮ׶ѣΪչǵӣûʸߣӢصһԱر
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һֱӢǱһǴ˴죬֮꾳д죬Ǳĥƽˣ̬ˡǣһʼնãƷԣɾ͵ġ


154 
һȻ˵ΪǼ¼Ƴ⣬ÿһӦĻ꾳У޵ĵȼݽء
Ȼ˶ʮףôĻףߡ
ϣܵ϶ʮ׵ݣʵȻͣΪԼ죬ԸΪĳصԵֿشƺͷ֮ѹȡ
һһ˵š
ʱһһĹȥˣ̨ûжһ¡˵죬еİңеİ̾ѣеĵ£еļ٣еİԴᡣ
ʱ󣬹㳡Ͽʼ궯ˣ̾ȱȽǡ
ڵѾˣһ־޴Ĵʹ֡
̨ʧˣˮߣ˳۾ѾʧȥɣʹİˣùĵҲǱܼ尾
һûµģôأû˭˵ģ꣬漴麣ηץסֱۣܴУʦһûµģԲԣңûµģһûµģ
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֪СǸӣұšԴƻҺʱֵ˵ˣ麣ηȻŭȴ治ɫȻΪ£籩ǰ
麣ŭͽ£Īϣ꾳ɫ䣬һԣæڹ麣ηǰ
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һʱǰһֻļ׵Ļޣûж룬롣
ֻǣ첻Ը׷ǰлǣһֻļĽ׵ĻͻȻǰסȥ·
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鼱֮£ӶǿУδעǷΣա
ȽİҲޱȣǰĸʯͦ࣬ׯϴźǰȴǻҰ䣬ǰ·
ǽ϶һЩֵķĺͼڣЩ춼ʶҲûȥʶΪûʱ俴Щ
֮ƺǴĳֽƣĸʯͬʱͷųĵصĺɫӰĵһ㣬ֱӻϡ


155 ɱ¾ħ
أ
عӰɣߵķݣֱײҲǽϣ³˺üѪ
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ѩϼ˪ļ׵Ļشˣڴ˴ܵĪĹѾó˼öҩȥ㿪ʼˡ
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ĨȥǵѪѵȾڵϣ۾ʼˡ
Ϊ˵̫أһʱ޷ѵ״̬ţһյ֮ı㰲ˣ˵ʼˡ
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޷оֶĴڣΪûһ˿Ϣ۾ԿΣ񲻴һ㡣
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ᣡ
ԺֳֵֻʱѾʧȥյľ״̬ȴҲʹı顣
ȻʮӰȷ޾Ҫǿ٣룬Ѿʧء
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ϢǿޱȣȴԪһħԺķȴָ
Űļޣûһ˿־塣
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ĻȥǵЦԽԽ졣
Щ޶ǲϢġ֮ǰļ׻޴սʱ򣬱Ѿ޲Ϣ֮ʱǻ޵쳤Хͬࡣ
Ƕ뽫쵱Լʳǣǻ֪һϵꡣ
ħûһ֮ģȫɱ¾Ϣ֮Сһ֮һ㣬˲Ⱥ֮У˫ַɣѪգһ޵˽£״̣ûһõġ
еıšԴеı˺룬е屻˼󶴣еǱ顣
ʱûʶֻɱ¾
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ʶƽ֮ʼʶҷ֮һɺϢׯء


156 
ʶٴαչˣνƲܵ˵ʶԭ֮󣬱ޱȣҶɫ֮ϵһ½ء
ҲǱ˼֣ſ˻꣬ԣׯϣأһĤݵĸо
ҶϣӭҡҷȻ
ʮĻ֮󣬱̾ʶϿգʼ
ЩĻǴ֮ԼܹһʶߣֻǣⲻܣΪ޷һĻĿֲѹ
޽֮ǿʵҲʶ
ȻᷴһЩ꣬ʶֻǣҪʱ䡣
֮ʶ֮󣬱ص֮ϣ֮С
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ֻǴʱСȴëɫǳˡ
ʧȥһαѪʧ룬Ҳ˼֡
·һ伴Ļĸ
۾һжһ㣬·𿴵ԼȥˣʮĻʶ޵Ŀ˻ԣʲôǵˡ
ǼһԼ壬ȴԪָˣһǿ˲٣ҪǣԼʶ仯֪ȥѾøǷΧˡ
Сǣɫ䡣
С죬ôˣٷſڵϵС죬֮ڻʶɨȫ⣬С˽һ룬Ȼɫ
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콫ԼԪСڣιһѪ֥һЩ
ģƷ񵤣ֻҪ˷񵤣ָ֤֮ǰҪõ״̬ܴ󣬿Сʱʹѡ
СؽСڵϣó鶦ó֥öͬʱֱһЩĸҩģ㿪ʼƷ񵤡
ĵҩ˵鵤ҲΪԲǧǿ꣬
˽붦УʼȣĶСģϸһ㲻ס
ţ㽫ҩͶ붦УʼᴿÿһǴޱȣûһ覴á
·ǽ֮һĳ֮С
Ͼֻһ֥˷ˣʧʹˡֻн״̬ܱ֤ɵʺ͵ҩƷʡ
콫ҩĺ͸ҩķֿᴿǱҪĹȷҩƷʡ
һжɵĽţƷҪʱ䣬ǼʱҲǼ죬ȫƾԵʵơ
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öɫĵ鶦ײŽ⣬ɢϢ˾
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ҩĳ㣬ַ״̬ڶԵʡ
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С죬Ժǧʧȥ˱Ѫģ콫С챧ڻУë׵ԴеȰҲ£֪𣿡


157 ʯ
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첻ݸĸС죬жѡ
漴뵽ʲô߳˴ŵѻɽĻʬ壬𾪵Ըӡ
ֲ̫ˣ
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ô
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һֻޣ֮ǰԼԶԿġ
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֮ǰ¶Կ޳ʱԼһʱʧأɱδħȴҲʧԼһ൱ǿĿֲ״̬
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кСС𣬰ԼеĻռǧöˣ˲ʱ䡣
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۾ٴαѪһɫħ΢̣һޱаֲϢӿ罭Ӿ̣һʰ
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һǿһе߲жᱻƣܵһ칥
򣬲߿ģ뾳޹أǣ;ߣԲ֪ļУֻлʾϵ߲Żп
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һħʵѾ龳ߣħʵǶӦʾ
ЩԴغ飬ΪغлϢ
֮֮ţȻС
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ȫħԪڽǹϣһϺɫħӰ֣ʯš
ɱ
ޱߵɱ㳡˵ػһ޵


158 ħ˫
ڽǹΪһ壬˾ǹǹˣǹһΪһڹ⣬ʯš
𣬷·بصԹ⣬ŭɱ¾ռ䡣
һǹֱʧɫ
һǹȴǴرѣ
һǹ޹ˣ
һǹģ
һǹɱ¾ѳ
һǹŭǧ귽Ϊƣ
һǹΪ᣻
һǹز棡
Ǿ޾׵һǹӴһǹǻ˫һǹ̺شһǹ
ޣݻΪʽ
ӣԴΪ򵥵ĻʽΪ
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ݻأ̺֮ϣڷ֮⡣
һǹʩչȲˣ಻ǹ
ǹ
񷣬Ǭ
ƣƿأܷԼ磬Գһ塣
ħ죬Ȼħƣ޷
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֮ڶڹЯ֮ƣٶײʯ֮ϡ
䣡
춯صһ죬·ĩս٣âǳѣҫޱȡ
⻪ɢֻʯ֮ϲһڽǹߡǣ˶ѣʯδķֺ
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ħԪͬʱʩչȻǿǧ򱶡
ֻǣǧַڵϢʱʩչȫǿħȻڵħ񼼷ħ
ġ־ǺȻΪһħʩչȴħɱ¾Թ
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ǣȭͷײʯ֮ʱΧĿռ䱻򴩣һµƾն
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һǿͻȻ֣Ī⣬ֱӽ˼̨֮ϣڰա
˻ţţȫħ纣һ㣬кѹâ
ڴʱ̨ƺܵķٴ




ĵֻ̨֮ƾðʮɳצ죬ڿһ֮ʱһ֮֫ϡ
ɫķĴӽ͸죬ڡһ̣屻ˣڵҲʧˡ
ܲʣţҵ顣
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ڵʧ֮ʱ˹ȥ̨ϵĹĻȴγһɫĹ룬ɸ߳
һг·ʲôҲû㳡ϻһľҰ
ʯϲŵǰڽǹҲȥԼĹâʯΪһ壬ٴοȥֻһɫӶѣȻе㲻гȴҲôע⡣
Ϊû˻һͨĺľ
Ψһͬǣ̨Ͽյɸߴһɫ룬̨ɵķΧˡ
ˣԼһµĿռ䣬һǳصĿռ䡣
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վţһܡ
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Ъ˹źԷθޡ
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۾ʧȥɣɫ԰ףһѪɫҲûС
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֪˶ã۾һ˿â·ȥ˻˹ήĻ
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һ˼ά
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һң
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к飡
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ǰһǿ졣
ҲһУȥϣ־
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ֻҪһţҾͿվۣ֮
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һΣԡӰΪΪʼ
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ʱ죬ȻѾǺ֮ޱȣͬԼҪǿ


159 ħ
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ֹ߰ȥˣΪѾɷ۷壬ӦͻƵļ󣬲֮뻯澳
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ħȴر𣬻Ϊ˷ڹ˿ֻ֮С
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ֻǷ̵Ļ֮һߣһ޵˼Ƕǵ
ΪƵҵƶҵʣΪҵϲعʡ
һгڷֶֻص;
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ֻضࡢϿࡢࡢࡢԹ࣬࣬󲻵ÿ࣬ʢࡣ
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ѵ˵䶨ۣǽ֮ؽˣǵ壬Ҳ֮޶ˣĲɢҡǻ۵ˣ֪Ⱦ
νѣ뿪˼ýΪƣƣΪƣ˲࣬ŵýֻء
ƣҵ徻ҵȾ۷
޲ֻ֮Уֻз޺ܹ磬ֻء
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ԣƱжö񱨡õƶֻµµҵµĹʹδѵһ˵޵͵ѭǷ˵ֻء
һָˣеϳСƹֻҪֻаݵĽɫԶ˵Ƿܳ룬ͬĳҹȻеߵλߣҪֻء
ԣ߼Ǵﵽʥ֮ͻ֮ҲսطΪǻûֻأصƿء
һ棬ָ䣬ΪΧΪǶ
ֻ֮Уַ磬硢ɫ硢ɫ硣
ֹľڣҪֻأ˷˵һլլҲǱ֮У֮ա
ڵһЩ伮ָʮҵԵʣҪ֮ʮҵԵʣ缰˽硣
ҵͶҵƵ֮ƵУ֮޵֮˼ٴ֮˼ȴ޳ַ𷨵ĵط
½࣬ȵĵһħȻֻе˵ħ١
СĻһȻ˵ħ٣ޣԴ磬ôӦǶħ١
СǽħԳޣ׶Ȼħ١
Ȼܲܵħ־һˡ
ǽģ붨״̬ڵϡһʵ֪˶һڼ尾жꡣ
Ͷ˵ʹ࣬ҪɱΪĿ࣬ࡢϿࡢ༰ࡣȴĿ࣬󲻵ÿࡢܱࡢԹ༰ȡ̿ࡣ
һ磬һʮϤ磬½
ʱĵطҳǡ
СʱһУš
ϲΰүűһӤϲԽس䣬ǻ
̫ˣļұؽˣӹսӤ֣ڣΣ
ˣ⡭ɫʱѿʧѪ࣬԰ҹ
ʲôʧɫӤ˷䣬ڴ֮ǰ԰׵Լѵŵ絶
ˣһҪͦסӤǰŮ֣֮ϣͬʱסŮӵߵǵĶӣ
ŮӼѵؼһ˿ЦݣֲŸϣǳ˯еӤޱȡ


160 ˵ֻ
ϣǧɣĸΰġ
ҡҵġӡŮӶ϶˵⼸֣۾۽һ飬ûϢ
ˣ
ۡۡ
Ъ˹˻ţ֣һһεؽŮڣֱĵݽߡ
ӤҲˣӳ֮ʱһοޡĸģ׵ȥʹ
ΪӤȴʮ˼άһǧ˼ά
֮ʱ͸о׵Ĵڣʶ˵ǺңԶģûм䡣
СʱʸףΪʲôԼûף׸ȥ˺ԶĵطҲˡ
ʱǼСүλߣû˸ǣǣ˽˶˵ǸеûҰ֡
ʱС£ܲߣȴδԹףΪĸ
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һתۣӤѾꡣ
죬ļҽӭһرӡ
죬һҪܼ츳ԣ֮Ϊ⡣
ĸգɫ
ɫ츳ףã
ı򣬳ɫ츳ףã
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죬ɫ츳ף⣡

֪츳֮ã嶼䶯ˣļʷõ֮š˸ˣʧ䣬˰Խ߬ȭͷҧݿ졣
ˣ԰ϢˣǵĽվһԵؿŶӣа
ֻǣȴûһ˿ģǿʼˣ⵽ô£
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ͯ꣬ڹ¶裬֮¼ѵ߹ġ
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һУģӤʱڵ飬ѾǲˣԺ飬ļ䣬ǡ
ħٵ˵٣ȴǲ顣
ģˣӦʮˣûغ飬ǰǰ
ʮʱӹˣı֮λһʱ䣬ļҷ˴ҡ
¶ԲѣĽ˫˫ڶ֮УС
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߳˷Ƶ۹߳߳˶㼣鲼½Ψһûȥı
ʱѾǸˣһһΣĿ
·;ǳңԶмǧɽˮһƬ޾
˰ĻһͨķɽĽƱ
ֻǣе·޾ϿվǿĹɽֱӽɽŪˣ֮С
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һҵ˻˲侪ѣԭһֻǸΣԼû֮ڣڶħ١
ԣôǸӤ
֣Ĳ졣
ޣޣιԣһ֮һ֮ŮҡеӤļ
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ſţҲɢȥˣӦٴֻһˡ
һһƶũУֻиĸˡ
ˣ游׾ɽдԣԣǳǿ׳
ʮʱѾ˿֮ݣȻȣͨУҲһˡ
۹ݱ˸ĸìһ򵥵İ·ˡ
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ۡۡ
ү޲ޣүҪˣֻһѾ߱
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Ǽҷǳ㣬Ϊƺʩĵ𾴣ȻҲմ˹⣬ܵҵϲ
þʮʱһǿ٣ɱȫңȻͷٴγΪؤ
һӱжȹֱʮʱ˼ζ
ֱȥһ˲䣬֪Լԭ˭
ٴ֮ʱǸӤ֪⻹Լĵֻء
γһţһǿš
С츳棬һţųϲ͹ע
ǿ似ҩʯʹá
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۾ǿߣڴ½֮ϣӵһϯ֮أοôĴ۾ǿߡ
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161 
ض˼ů˰˵ķʽһŮӣһƯŮӡ
ǣȴһ뿪ŮӣˣʥڵҲ޷Ρ
ֻؿԼǰ档
ް
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ʬ壬վ±ϣɢȥһΪ˫˫׹¡
һΪŮǵǰĽΪʱȴǼһ㡣
ǲΪʲôԼʵǿˣǻأ
ٴһΣһӤһ˻Եߡ
͸һ֪ǰֻǣֻʱһӡ
ÿһʱһӺʱһ˲䣬ǵԼǰ
ݵһǱǿʥҪǿС
ʥʱ޷ȻԼŮˣΪʥǿ
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츳ףھ½ȻʮչѾ龳ˡ
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һܵ꣬һҹʮʱʮһʱ
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ԣʵǸСߣҲǴܶ顣
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սнţ˫սޱȡ
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ѡҪԷǶʮȫɱԼһʤ
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Ϊʲôȥ
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Ŀǰһһһ֮ʶ֮֮У졣
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һƵͺ˵ˣһħһ


162 ޵
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ʱһѪɫ磬ΧȺѪȾɵģŨѪζ
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ǵĸܴȥԶڴ˵еڹеҵȴ_޵ϰδУֻʽͶ
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һͷ۵İޣսƺȶͷҪǿһЩ֮ԴڲͬѪ
ͷİޣͬһѪͷı۵İޣʵٽһ㣬ͷ۵İޣսɷ֮߰ߣȻ϶ҪǿһЩ
ϾִţսһֱѪɱ¾ϴһһƵ۹ɷ߱ضɥ֡
һͷ˫۵İޣսɷʮ֮뻯һڵȣֻһѡ
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ݡ۷˵ոγɽʱ̰˱㵽˼Ϸһλڴϴԡʱˮһѡ
ѾǧһŮ֣ɽһǧ֧۾ʮֻţͷΪŰپʮţòòˣΪʼ档
ŮֲֺһйĦʶ࣬ޱȥ֮䣬ڿԽŮƺҲȢޡ
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޺δǧٴŵԱ޺һ޽磬Ѫʳ
˵һͷ˫۵İɰʥһĺᣬޱȡ


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̶Ĳҽ˯еĿɽ󱻴˸ӷ˳˭ֱ˶ڣӰ
û˵Ŀɽ˿̵ʵƽΪʵԽսģǻˡ
ɽսһ㣬ǿٶȶѡ
ɽߣټһɽֻʣһнʯϱŵһȭͷɫ֥ݡ
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֥ڽʯ֮УǾζȡǬʳй⣬ꡣ
ݽ֥ݡ
ݷãٿԽס
켤ˣСؽֱ֥ţûȥ
ܿ˿ûҵʵĵطɽǰȥ
ʱһɸߵɽϣҵһʯ㹻һɸߵϢˡ
֮Ž֥ȥ
ģɫëͷųҫ۵Ľ⣬ʹɽ·ǻƽһ㡣
ϢǿҲڷű仯
״̬һֱʮ죬ת˫˸Ž⣬ȫëȳʽɫ
һԼϢʯڱںһȭ
䣡
ضɽҡʯɢ䣬ɽϳһߴ߰˳Ķ
Ľף
ϣһֱ֥ӽΪ˲һ󾳽硣
ޣѾǺǿˡ
οĽħԳжǿߡ
컯ĽħԳȴͬΪǿġ
ǻ۵ޣսȻڻ¡

˷ޱȵվڶڣ쳤Х죬
ȻʵˣҲӦȥתתˣҼ
첻֪ʲôԾȥɱһЩȽǿޡ
ɭһƬһ׵һİѪкһ˿֮
ħԳͽСɭܵעϾһɲĸͷûһЩ޵۾ԣЩǿһ޻
һ飬аﷶΧΧݵ治٣Ƚײߡ
𣡡
ħԳվϣХһ缲ӹеཬ
𣡡
Ƭ֮һ˻𣬻ӦŽħԳơ
ཬӿһȻ˹
𣡡
ָ䣬󰶱֮߰ðˮݣˮĽγһ޴УȻ㿴һӰˮ޴ԴŰ߰СӰͫɢɭ⡣
ֻ¶˲Ѿжʮɳˣ۾ȽħԳСһЩĿżⷭź⣬ͷиСڡ
ſڣһΧѸӿ˹븹С
ƣȷƵļơ
Ȼǿ󣬵ħԳȴȻ壬ǵ޴Ӱһеһһɳļľǹһ㣬Ͷ˳ȥֱľ޿֮С
ȻʮɣҪ½أϾˮս½ơ

һŭޱȣǰС㾹ȻԼǩɱ
һһ㣬˽ħԳٶȼ졣
ħԳսȡȻС壬ôһﶷ
ħԳ֮ԶȴղסΣԴֱײڽħԳղվĵط
䣡
汻ײһɴСĿӡ
ħԳץסᣬԾףհָץסڣ罣һڸһӸʼ˺ѣһѿֳѪע

Ĳ֣ͨˣҲԽƣοǿޡ


167 սʥ
ʹ̼ڵϵһţ˻ţͷϵĽħԳ˦
Ϣʱ䣬ڱ㱻˺ץѪһεε׶Ͽ֮ѪȪӿ
һץڣһץƤôڣҲ޷ħԳ˦
˲󣬽ħԳʶΣգΪʼתȥ
ã
ħԳһţһԾʮɣף½أһŵ֮ɭַȥ
ƣɭܹ鷢ӡ
ħԳɭַŭƬҲ׷˹
ٶȼ죬ħԳٶȸ죬ԣ֮ľܹš
ʱһħԳ϶ᱻ׷ϡ
Ͽ֮УխСʯ֮УħԳ
Էʯ֮УΪŭˣ̫ˣȥɽǧ֮ߣҲ޷ȥ
˻ţɶ೤ϿȿڣֱһβôұڣԼһ·
ϧʮϢϿȿڶʯȴȥĵ·
ŭޱȣءҪ֪һľһ˿֮ǧ󣬿ԡ
õڵĽħԳϿɺ󣬱һңȥʼƷζ
ħԳ֪ԼԽ߼ޡ
һһڵؽ¶ȥֱиһ㣬ųˡ
Ȼ󣬽ħԳڵϣʼڡ
ʱһĹȥˣħԳһһ㣬ϷŽ⣬һ
أԽԽҫۣħԳγһɴСĹ룬ɽˡɽұϣȴֳħԳӰӡ
һʱȥˣѣ磬ʮﷶΧϿȡ

һ޺һɫİСӰһԾɣ˸ޱȡ
߼һף
ڵĽħԳȻѾ߼С
ʱϿħԳĺ֣ͬʱַŭ쳣
򣬾Ȼ̳ҵľԪ
ĽħԳʱ쳣ǿϢ߼޲еġ
㲻ڵ飬תȥ
ħԳܷŹһݣ׷󣬲ʮϢʱ䣬Ѿף룬оͷһʹ˻ţйǣģѾģˡ
ħԳ׵ʱԼǿһȭһȭعÿһȭЧԶ
ȭ֮ױ˸ϡãϢɢȥȫޣջڽħԳȭ֮¡
ɱ֮󣬽ħԳ쳹֮ϡ
ȡ˳ڿСⶫϣ޴л޶شһ˿
ħԳôôõĶأ
ٴڵأˡ
ĺᣬ֮е޴󣬻һ˿ѪУýħԳ˷ܲѡ
ֻ߼ޣȻӴһöˣֻһȽס
߼ף
ѾýħԳϲˡ
һ˿Ѫ֮߳أɭȥ
ʮ֮󣬽ħԳޣǿģģģСģͨģ޺ᣬ
ʤаܣʤ֮󣬱ǽԷնɱ֮󣬱˶ӡ
ڼջĶ࣬ҩ˶ˡ
ʱĽħԳȻѾ߽۷壬ֻһɽ˼޵С
һգħԳһû޵ĵطҲ֪ɭĵط
Ϫٲ黨鲼УԴһ㡣
Ϫϣߵٲ£ֱˮУ߮Ȼ
濴Űɸߵٲһк£ӵң׳ۣΰ
ģħԳ񣬿ٲ֮иɽƺصϢ
ϰԮϣƬ̱ɽ֮С
ж죬ȻֻһɴСǶȴޱȿ
һ붴Уӭһţ֮ˮʯ֮䣬ȥڱš
ħԳǷͷٿȴ˼סһ㣬ڡ
޺Ƹ񣬹ҡƬƬϼ鴰ңʰйңӻ⡣´𼣣ʯʯɰʯʯ䡣
ּһ÷ɳ꣬Ȼ˼ҡ
⻹һ츣أǹɾԶϢƺڸ߻ħԳ죬Լꡣ
һ̫żǴ֮ܵ
߹ʯţɽڲȴһʯУߣһŵİӰΣһߣ²񱮣һ
սսս磬ħ
ǸĴ֣սʥʣ
սʥʣ
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ǰڶԡʥʡֵİΪʥʥǿߣսһ֪֮Ǹʥǿĳν
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⡰ս֣ǷһȡΪţ̫Ŵսǳ͵ġ
ǿϢȻת񱮺棬㿴˾ŸϵĴ֣غ飬޷Ÿ֡
١ߡԡСǰУ
ŸϣܵǿԴȪ
̫ս
˲óۡ
ڵϣŸ֣۾һգգ
һ£ߵĹ޻ǲܹģھԶʱڣĹʱڣսԴޡ
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ӵϿµء١֡
ȫעض֣оǰһжʧˣԼֱһĿռ֮С
һ޴ĽĹϡ١ֳǰһӰһӰǱ񡪡սʥʣ
սʥʵ˫̫һ㣬â䣬Ŀ³֣ˡࡢ⡢ˣ
Ծ񷣡
˫ַ˫ʮָۣʳָӣһǿӡ
ɽ̬ʯӿۼԳһ޴ġ١֡
Ȼ䣬쿴һ١Լ󣬱㲻ټԺ˲֡ӡ
һǿӡ־ͽжӡʩչ֮󣬱һ١֣ȶģһǿķ
ȻޱȣȴȫԲ͸
˲֪೤ʱ䣬˹ӡӦ͸ˣֻҪΪȥʩչ֮ƥܡ
۾췢ԼǽħԳε̾һЩ֮Ժ󣬿˵ڶ֡
֮ǰһٴνǸصĿռ䣬սʥʵӰҲֳˣߴޱȡ


168 
ΣսʥʵӰŵģͦţأ˫ʮָۣʳָӣָʳָ֮ϡ
ڡ١־ӡĻϣ任һ£ֱӽָʳָ֮ϣˡ־ӡ
һ޴ġڶսʥʵ֣쳹׵ٴһη
ššˡڭáڭáˡڭáҰˡҰMQޡ˷߸
ϣһ㣬ޱȣ˲û֮С
ӡ
⡰־ӡǴӡٶƣ쳣ɹɷж磬
Ȼƣľ
֮Ĳ֮Ҳ֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䡣
³һٴο˵֡
ǰһ־ӡΪʨӡ湲֮͹ңѷӿ־ı֡һӡڴӡĻϣʳָջأָչӣûӡ
ʨӡǶսʥΪӡ⼸־һּ֡
涇涇Ⱥǣһֻ޴ȭͷֱ񷣬飬طҡ
ǿ
ȻǿޱȣҲǸսߣ⡰־ҲܷƢԡ
ԺսȻٲǿľ
ǿľ˵Ӧòײ򣬿ȴǺ׾ͽ͸ƺⱾһ
ĸǡߡ֣һоһָӡΪʨӡʨӡĻϣĴָʳָСָչӣۣӡ
ֱ֮ӵϵΪʽħ䣬ɬȴƬ̱㽫
ʨӡ֧Լͱս˵ԭ壬ԴԴϣսıϡ
ǡԡ֣֪ġĵԸӦΣɽ⿪һš
ӡΪ⸿ӡʨӡĻϣʮָջؽۣǰɳӡȽϼ򵥣Ϊͷ䡣
ǡ֣ʾ뾴һɶģԱƶ⸿ӡĻϣ˫ֽۣǰγڸӡ
򵥵Ϊʿ䣬˼ʱ㽫֮
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һ־ǰ־ҪѶȣҪ䷢ӳԲҪʱշƿʱռ䡣
սʥڸӡĻϣ˫ָȭʳֱֵָСָסʳָĵһڣʳָ֧Ĵָĵһڣȭӡ
ǰ־ܵӦǷھԼʮĴ󲿷ҪǿһЩ
֪սʥֳӷʱŸҿ϶ǷڹǶսʥ޷𷨵Ļϣġ
С־Ǵ䣬׼ǣȴס
ǶԱ˶ԣ첻ڴС
ڰ˸Ϊǰ֣ضԵءˮ𡢷硢ԪصĿơȭӡĻϣʮָչ⣬Ĵָʳָӣӡ
ʩչ֮ʱҪĬ䣬չ
һǡС֣һԾ־Ƿļڤϣŷġ
սʥĦ֧󣬱ӡĻϣֵĴָʳָȦָȭְ֣ɱƿӡ
ӡɣսʥֱӶһƣɲǼ䣬գƽͰꡣ
Ÿ֣˫ȴǿƥ첻뵽⶷սʥǲйأǿľԣÿһȴ̺𷨣ɻ󲻽⡣
ԼһҲǴĳЩżл÷ڹȻġ
ʱ䲻֪˶ãԼȻѾ򣬱㲻ˣɽ֮ȿ˵
˵ʵڵģӦΪˣǣԼıԣ⻹಻㡣
ﲻǶ츣أԣ˵ɽһݾҵȽ׶ȽϸߣݾͲ֪ˡ
ǲݣĸ֥֥ҩ಻ʤϺﻨϼݣεҩҲ꣬ԪƲ߽ҩҲв١
˷ܵǽһһߵɫϸҶݡ
⿴·ߵҰһֲȴΪҩ
βݣ
˽ݻβݣ
βݲҩǿ壬ǿߵΪĹֻһ޻Σ
ԣôǿʵҩȻϲȴûʧǣβ֮㿪ʼˡ
ԽβΣԺ򵥺ܶࡣ
ʵԽߵޣԽףԣ컹ðݸȫ̵С
뵽һҲ飬Щ׵һһööУȻ
֪֮׵ݵЧǺԵʱ򣬲ͣʼʳ׵ҩ
֮׵ҩЧҲˣ㿪ʼʳ߽׵ҩԪڼһ˿ط֮
Ȼе߽ҩʮʱ䣬Чõġ
ڵĽħԳȻǾż۷ˣٽһɴﵽʮ޵С
ʮޣȻ˵ǺǿĴڣںɽСʮһϵģͺˡ
Żβȥ
ؽȻ¶ȥûо׽ֱ
ڵأϱţһڽɫһ㡣
Χӿֶ֮УþòϢ
һȥˣ컹
һ¹ȥˣڹ档
һȥˣŽн˸һֻʱ⣬ȥ۾
ֻǣΧ龰ʱȻɫ
ѾǶսʥʵĶ츣ˣһ硣
İʪʱʱ˲ĺޱȡ
ɽȴɽɫˮˮȴǲɢŸζ
ʶһչ쿴˵ǹ񣬸ˮ׵ʬ壬Щªޱȣ˵

ԼȻ˶
Ǿ˵Լɹħ٣
ȻϲޱˣһԼһβûֻسɶۿġ
Ϊǻһ֮ԺеľȴĴڡ
ħ٣
һ£˦˦ͷעŵΧ֮С
Ȥ뾭鰴ҹ桢ɲȾߴߣʽ֮ƹӡ֡Ȼ֮ƶǹԶ֮ʡ
ݷ𾭼أνߣ飬ν֮Ӷην֮˹񣬼߽η壬겻ʳӺףɽ֣ٿٳԶʱ̰ڿˣɴԵʶ
ʹȵ٣ȽϣΪߡ


169 Ȼһ
̥ģÿ̥¼ٸӡڶеԵ˹ͨĲҵ⣬ر벻ʩˡ͵Ѳ֮ҵйء
һееĶɳ˼꣬ҵ֮ʹ
Ƿ۾Ǽġ۵ü
ɢڲͬĵطЩҲɢ˼硣˼ĳУ̫ж
ڿҰУʱϻ⣬ںڰĶĻ档
ںڰļʲʹ࣬ͬʱҲѹǿɱΪϹϹʳϹࡣ
ΪҵϹڵϰ䲻ýʳ
ǵĶӺܴԶԱ
ǵĽȴʮϸϵĸɲ֦㣬ܲס
ԶԶʳʱֻõǰ߽ӽʳʱҵ֮ԵʣʳΪֲܳԵĶҲữΪ̵ŧѪȲõҺ塣
⣬Ϲһ̥¶ӣҹĸĸԼأƫƫȴҲ㹻ʳչŮͽʹࡣ
ϹĿһ𣬺װСԼʹɹٵʳƷҲ޷ʡʹʳƷЩʳǺ󣬲Ǹбգʹǳ
ʳϹʳʳＴ桢ֲܹʳõĶڶһʱȫӱɺԣ䲻ýʡ
ΪʲôЩ˼أΪ֮ҵض͵Եʡ
ͬһˮڲͬҵ˼ΪͬĶˮΪζ¶ԵһеƽƽһˮȴΪŧ
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쿴ɽҰĶʬ壬ЩŻ
صĶɳȴ
£һֲ磬޵֮ãǿ컹Щѹ֡
Ҳֻж档
ǰȥ²һ߾߿ֲʬ壬ꡱĽŲƶڶ
ΪϹɿݵеĿҶԲĹĵĶǸѿȴ棬ֲ쳣
߹һʬʱͻȻ䣬Ǿ߶ʬֱ۶ץסĽš
󾪣ͬʱҲŭֱӽһֻʮ֮Զ
ʱǰĳȴˣǵڵϵһ߾߶ʬ壬ȫض
еվΡΡس컺еվ㳯˹
ϲ棬ªֲ첻üͷ
֪ôɹħ٣ǰ֣ȴǳС
һأԪӿӰָ֣ɣɶӡһ޴ġ١ֳ󣬽
ţԽ貣ǷΧԽԽһɣɣɣһֱ˰ɷΧͣ
֮ΪУһ˿ҽҲû¡
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ǵײײһֻֻŪʧˡˣЩǳ˹ƺ֪Ϊһ㡣
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ѵһֱȥ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬оԪľ޴󣬱ӿռָóöȥ
˵ҩ֧֣Ԫһֱͷų
֪˶ãҲ֪˶Զ˶ٶ
һ죬ͻȻ֪ζɹħˡ
ƽҵƣֻǻڶУޱߵĿʹͼļ尾µʸҲûУֻء
֪ԼҪȻ޾Ķȥܶɹһħ١
ɽһɽڴʯ֮ϣһ㣬ӿ֣dֹâҫǧɡ
ֽۣӡԣ
ߴơֹ塣ڴ˷©©Ľѡ۽ѡַ֪֤סѾ֪ܺСƺαߴơʵ֪ɫɫɫɫɫζɫɫʵ֪ܡ롢Сʶʶʶʶʶζʶʶʵ֪
ƺɫʵ֪ɫһĴĴɫΪɫɫʵ֪ƺɫʵ֪ϲɫɫʵ֪ƺɫʵ֪ϲɫɫʵ֪ƺɫʵ֪νʥ־ҵ㡢ɫɫʵ֪

ӣ㴫ǧᣬƯڶ֮УգһֻֻζĶŴ˵澭ԹڵأĤݡ
һʱ䣬ΧܰѮΧڵĶȫΪУ׹ȴֻء
ģĶҲǰɢķַΧ֮ڣʧһ㡣
ţԼҲˡӰ״̬ȫʱ䡣
Ҳǹһ꣬Ҳʮ꣬Ҳǰ꣬췽۾˫ֽɱƿӡ˳ȥ
С־ʩչӰֵķʱŷãҫճһޱȾ޴ġdֽӰޱ޼ʣƺжж㡣
ҫ֮£紦һƬ֮У˶磬еĶһ˲䣬Ȼ׹֮Уֻء
ޱߵġd֣ĽѣȻǳԼϵķԼȴƿأҪһ죬ԼҲչֳʵöð
찵̾ԭܣ±̫ŴܣʥʺͶսʥҪǿ
⻯֮ϣҲǿְ֮
ʲôǷ˵о棡
ּ䣬Ȼһ磬ķе
ε̾һӿԪģޱ޼ʵġdҲʧˡ
ĿȥһƬľٲݷïˮ壣ɽš֮Уǳ˸ģ֮УСǺã
һȫµ磬Ѿ֮ǰĶˣҲԺ󻹻ԴԴϵĶСǣһ̣徻ġ
첻ȥԺ飬ܵطӿȻһ磬ԼҲйͣȻȣԺԡǣÿһƣصһǸ
첻󸣱ǣǹƽģޱߵطڣϴϵļɺԵʣҲشƵġ
öãشƣʱսǿ
һһȥˣطֹͣתɢ硣۾㿴гһ޴ޱȵĹԼ
ǰʧˣֻޱҫ֮Լһ硣


170 ֻص
ڤļһ㣬Ѻ˼Ļ顣ڤһռ֮Уǿطš
֮УԵ֮ʹΪֻһͳƣʵɱϸΪ˴ȵ˴󺮵ߵ¶Ĵ󲿷֡
¶⣬Ϊ֮干ͬҵġ
ضҵߣͶڵУʮп뿪˵֮ࡣĸ̥Ѷǻġ
мأ£
ôаǧΧ⣬дˮΧưǧ£дɽƴˮɽ⣬еڶɽɽмڤڤдԹռڱˡ
а˴һʮСһ룬ڶѹллˣˣڰ޼䡣
˼ʮ꣬Ϊһҹ꣬ǵȻһҹȻꡣ
˼Ϊʮһҹʮһǧ꣬ںһҹһǧꡣ
˼ΪҹĦһҹҹĦǧ꣬ںϵһҹںϵжǧꡣ˼İΪһҹǧ꣬ںŽеһҹŽеǧꡣ
˼˰Ϊһҹǧ꣬ڴŽеһҹŽеаǧꡣ
˼ǧ꣬Ϊһҹǧ꣬ȵһҹȵһǧꡣ
ȵΪн٣޼Ϊһн١
ɴΪʹһ׹֮Уܵ޾ļ尾ĥ
ҺãʱɵģڵбҪ޵һɱΧ
У̵飬Щǰ࣬޵Ĺ鴦
óһɫϣԼϢΧռ鲼ܣʹʬһ㣬
Ȼиû壬壬ͻȻ뵽Լɻ깦˵ϰһ
Դ֪ԼѾ֮ʱ㲻Ӿ֪ΧһУΪеۿ塣
һƬڣʶɨȥȴмĻ꣬Ʒһ໥һ𣬵ȴ߱ȶҰһ㣬ץץȥƤ˺ѣָԭһֱֹĽš
˲ˣȻ˴飬צʱ룬צ⡣ңѪ߾ȻһƤ⻹ǰࡣɱ̰߶
˵ɱӦò˵ֻзŻᵽĵɱҵ׹밢ǵ
Ҳ룬ʩչӰ˲ʧԭأƬ̺ѾĻԣҲ˶Էɻı飬˲ʩչɻ֮
ĲҽĻ껯Ϊһɫ壬ʮ΢Ҳ룬ԶУˡ
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171 ֤޼
ǰɱҵ˴Եɡ
޼˼һȤ޼䣬ֱ֮׹Умܿ޼䣬׹ֱϳ֮мϡʱ޼䣬֮䣬޼ϡ޼䣬֮䣬޼ϡ޼䣬ݺǧѮαж޼϶
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컹һЩĿʯƾĸоЩǶϡ
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ڽǹ֪ȥ˺δҲԼһѱԱʱ֮衣
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һ£û˷ʱ䣡ֱԽڤǰȥ
СӣȻô֪Ȥ㳢ӵ쾶Զȥڤŭˣ˲󣬻һ߻壬졣
о˱콫ͬʱ˳ӭԷ
ոϣСӣ㵽ʲôˣȻ𣡡ڤĹƱ裬ǰľ𾪲ѣ˵ܵõһ𣬱ѾǸˣȴõ֣һǰġ
ߣܲţ첻ǣ͵ϮԼĵˣûһ˿øС
ߣСӣӽСһˣ˵ҵʵˣԼͿ뿪طˣڤ¶ʮ̰飬ٴγ
찵ã̽˻
ԼеʳﱻᣬڤȻвʣŭٴνŭйϡ
ֻǣߵʱ򣬱㱻һǿޱȵˣţ㿴Ϊֲ飬һǷԼϡ
ֻĵгһɫӣɢɫĹâڤס˲䣬⻪ڤûзûϢ
Ƭ֮غصĵ֮Уܳ
ӵֻغΧ棬һǾһףµһɫ״ԣڤֻʱڤѾûǣ׻һͨ״̬
æϸڤ𣬳ûԱȫƿء
ٶʱȥˣ۾³һվ
ӣڤ϶Ǳɹˡ
һµеڤŪһ󣬱ȥ
һֱҵ֮У֪£֪Ҳ֪ǳ֮ںδֻǸӦǹȥ
¼̣ҵࡣ
޼ֻأٳѡ
ɷ̥֪
֤ӦԻ˵
ֹȥòˣͷҰף봹أǹǧꡣ
ȷѾİٶʱˣ˼ǧꡣ
ǧͷˣˣҲˣȴ˿ûиоǴǰȥ
ֹǧ꣬ͷˣҲˣԽԽˣӣȻᶨƵǰȥ
һǧ߲ˣʱȴˣͣǰɸߵ񱮡
˲Ҫͦޱ𾪵ؿǰ񱮡
һûκθ񱮣Ȼγɣûǣۡ
𾪵ǣɸߣʮɿ񱮣Ȼһ鼫Դ
Դϣ
˵еĴڣ
ģôôһ鼫Դ
˼䶼Ѱͷ­һ飬ȴôһ飬Ƿ˼
ıϿһιӵֽ֣Ѿûˣȴʶ
ްֶҹ
٤ҹ
ߵҹ

ߣ
Ϥ
ֆoߣ
ۣ
ֆoߣ
ࣻ
٤壻
٤٤ǣ
׶
ڭ
һξģΪ䡷϶֪ʲôģʱѾ򵥵Ĳֵľĸסˣ鲻Խ
йһ֮ͷ˳йڶ֮ĺҲ˳йָֻ֮֮ǰģ
йıֳ֮ʮ࣬ÿһͬȴԼ
ڵϣʼж飬ģķ۳һ֮ϣׯϡ
ж֮ʱ彥ʮɸ߿գ֮ϣؿڡdֹâҫǧ
ж֮߱ʱӽ
жڰ˱֮ʱ𺣱صĻȫˣڵأĤݡ
жھű֮ʱһ֮У֮ϵһ˼еӰ۾ޱ߻𺣵̾٣
жʮ֮ʱڤΰĵ֮УһڤеӰҲһ£Ȼ̾ٽ
жʮһʱ޼֮Թڵأʱ˻꣬ɫŰ꣬ޱȡ
峪컨׹
жʮʱˣԶĤݣϵҵɢȥʹ˻еֹͣˡ
жʮʱҫ޼һƬꡣ
жʮı֮ʱ鼰˵ȥһҵ
жʮʱĻԽֻأ

жǧһŲʹ£طӿһص˲ʧӰ
ޱɱҵȴȼһ磬ȥһҵ˫Ѿˡ
ţӦֻص˰ɣ
ֻħ٣ѰȻɹ࣬ľϵջģΪ˺͵ǧߣ̫̫࣬ջĹ鱦Ҫá
⻪ɢȥһޱĵطǳҫҹѱļԣ죬ߣһϲɫദ

ν磬ֱµ֮磬˾ȻǸʱ򣬾ƵǷ봦죬죬һ䣬ȻҪֻصġ
֮УΪ졢ɫ켰ɫ졣
УԪǺܴģû˼ࡢϿ༰ࡣ
˵̥ʱŮһһԵͶĻеġڻʱǱмŮʽУաʱԻΪһ졣
һеһֲкܶж䣬׹ֻء
Щνʥ˲䣬Ϊĳ벻
ɴ˿ɼΪиһȴ޳ַ𷨵һص㡣ڴԭ򣬷ͽھУ֡
ࡢϿ༰࣬ǰһмηʹࡣǵԪ伫ʼһͶʱǵҵþˣһͶС


175 ֻ
ǰһʱ䣬˥ϵĻлϲٷųȻɢ֮ڷϿʼ
ڴʱ˶ԶԶܿһ¶صȻͨԤ
ɾһ֣ԤΪʱǵĿ־弰ǶôĴأ
ɫ缰ɫ䲻ͬȻӲʹĽһ
ܵ˵ڵֵ磬ȻӲʹ࣬Ҳδѳֻصѭֻһһεؾ
ֻҪһԱ̰_յȷһ첻İ
Щ鼮мصĶȴȫţҪ˽Լ۾ȥԼĶȥԼıȥᣬԼͷȥԼƤȥԼ˼άȥ͸
Ȼ磬Ϊʲôȴ޵Ĵأȫˣ
ѵ磬ľ۾ӵأ
ֵĵطûӰӰ㶪˶ˣŷԼǳ壬룬Ѹڿռָһ·ԼȻһԼûʲô֮󣬲ŷ
ǰȥעȫڹǵϣ徻ȾϲΪ˹żϵһλ
˳磬ϰ徻ȾϲΪۡ
ǹһ̫ĽܣĪ̫죿
ƶܾɫ̫졣
פ֮ϣ峺ξĳˮϷȻηˡ߲ţâ˸ӭҷɺ׷ͣҶ֮ϣˮ㣬ȴȥʳദǢ
лȻʣûһ˿ͣԶɽȥҲһ̻Ի͵Ӵ󹬵Լ죬ڣΧ߲ϼӳޱȡ
ضݣɽ߰˽׵ݣҰһ·ߡ
ϼ⣬̤Ųƣɽǰ޴Ĺ̾ѡ
Ѿ֪ôƺഴĴ޷׳д
֮ϵľ޴Ҷĸ֡ȥչ
ȥգ
Ǻ⣿
ȥǳ
ܲ⣬ȻѾĸָסˡ
ȥ֮㿴ĵӰоֻĵӰ
ǣĵӰȴ
죬ǵþˣмǧ˰ɣ̨һ£ͤͤһ㣬ˡ
СһȢңǵ˺þðһ߲ϼ£ߵ
磬ôǴҶǧˣѩһȹɬȥţˡ
ڿˣƣĿΰǰļͷϲشһ㵵졣
оһ̫ˣ̫ʵˣ۾ٴǰȥһоȻġ
ⲻܣ
ţʶеһ˿˿µ˼άһֿγ֮ȻٴξĿȥǰĹûһӰԼ
ȥգ
Լеִֻһ飬һִΪԼķգѹǧ꣬Ǵ
ղԼϵΪеʯӰ֣ԤʾԼеִδ£Ȼֻ꼻һ֣Ҳ˵Լȷʵķա
ֻصԴǷҵԷΪҪԪס
ڷУ̰_ΪҪԳΪҪԪסڸ޳յУִʴˣǱִȥֻܰɸ
ĳգִĿܽշ£˳ֻء
ȥչֻ߳ص
žףĹ쾲ϸĿ˿гڣ˹ȥ
һãһĳߵĽȻ޷ϳһ
һɮһѷطŷһ˿ҳ
ֻǣȴеޱȣɮһֱڷŷ񣬴δֹͣһ֮󣬱ŵڶ飬һֱˣվ˽ʱҲûκζƺûпһ㡣
ôûҳɮ컹ǵһμֻǣΪԣûһ˿ʣһ΢ɮΪѽˡ
ʵ̲סˣ㿪ڵ
ǰΪһֱڷûҳԸʱȥãԽʡܶʱ䣬о𣬲ƾ׶ô鷳
оУУ޲𣬷ģɮϵĶûͣҲû˶ǽ仯
ǣ磬һȾҳﰵ࣬ɮľȷĪ⣬ȴʣûͣã㿪˵
Ϊ̨
ʱʱڷãʹǳ
ɮϵĶһֱδͣ
ɮ˳˼֮Уϸϸʮֵ˼ģı鿪粦ƼգǣƬ֮ȴüͷ
᱾̨
һδǳ
ڷڰ˲ʱ¼ľеĹ۵ȴǷǳͬģøɮ֮෴ȻȻг
һ£ɮϵĶͣеķת죬㵵ıһ˿
Сʩǻ۸ҷԵҷţն֤ɮͰص
лǰ⣬Լĵ˫ֺʮװԻ
գգһԵҹʩ࣬أ˵Ϊ㿪һĻɮͷһ֮󣬱
ǰֻأѾ˳ֻͨǲ֪ǰΪָ;Ҳ룬㽫Լе˵˳
Сʩִ裬޶ȣǧأֻ಻ĥ𣬿ѳħϰɮ̾
𾪲ѣɮһ۱ɽԼɽֻصȻأ治˼顣
ǰȷִ׷һŵɣʵͻǰָԽ򣡡ٴιϿҵص
ߣķչʣΪաʩԵִţգѰ֮Ӧˣһϣ󣬷Ȼ䡣
ɮĽ˵첻üͷе׷ʹáǧѹѲڣԼ׷ͬԼһ㣬η£ܷ£
ǰѵû𣿡ɫɮʵ
죬;ͬ飬Ҷѣ
ɮ˵ϸţ´һ֡
򼴷𣬷ռᡣǰԼ򣬺򼴷ǰգ뾳ᡣ


176 
ɮֻɬѶһʱ򲻹
ʵڷʥסնңš磬֮Ϊ
£ɮ˼ҵԼĵִԿס
ԼĵȻףһ谭֮ɱħɱħĵ
ͣϢս춷ضǿ߶Ҳĵ
ƺ֪˸ôȥ칪ݵлǰ֪ôȥˣ
ţѵ÷㲻ҪͣҴҶҴҶȥɮ˵ţָòСţӦ˵ȥ
˫ֺʮݱɮСţ˲ʧӰ
ɮȥӰȻ̾ӷɲصʶ˽磡
˵֮˷һһεط˷񣬿˷ʡ
ҲԼִǷӦϰˣ޷£ȴǱң޹
ó
ʶޣ︣Կס
Ʒǻãҵǻá
ĭ磬ó޸ʵԡ
ٽĴΪıС
ǰޣ︣
ʵǷǷá
˵ıԿգ˹
𲻼֪Ƿʵ֪޷
֪Կգ̹Ȼ
һ徻ӱ޿
ǻû֮︣

С֮һ֮ǰķôͬ磬طԵĲ죬ƺǸС磬ҲȷƵϡС硣
бһ澵ӣһһɸߵľӣ죬ƺĳ־ʯƶɣԲΣؿµķģӳеޱȡ
ӵıʹâ֮ȴǷ·һ㣬ʹã顣
ϵֻ֣ؼ
վھǰž棬ȴʲôҲ
֣ĸž棬ģϵҫ۵Ľ⣬һصĿռ䡣
ӦûǾ磬Ϊﶼ·Ҳȥ
е㲻֪룬ֻƬ̺󣬱㾲ӣǰȥ
˺ܾ֮ͣˣΪǰ߳һӰһƺǳϤȴ벻Ӱ
˭쿴һӰʵ
˭ûлشĻʳͬ⡣
ҽ죡üͷ΢һ˼
ҽ죡Ӱ˵࣬һģһ
һӰ΢ŭȴҲûбһֱŶԷ
˵ľֹһ޶ıΣľٶΣȫվһ
һŭ㵽Ǻˣ
ǣ˲ûмŻش죬Ҳûģ΢΢̾һ
ǺˣѵĲ֪𣿡
£쵹ͷˣȷԼǳϤƺˣȴǲĶ˭
ȷʵӡȴǲǺˣЩĵ
˵죡΢һ£ڵʧ֮ɫ
üͷַŭˣƽϢһԼٴδˣϸϸĥŶԷĻ
һյʱ䣬ҲûпȻ˵죬˭
ҡҡͷʧ֮ɫŨε̾㣡죡
Ҽ죬ΪҲ죬Īͬɻʵ
ͬͬұ㣬ͬ̾
ϣ󾪣˲˴˭ⲻԼ𣬹ֲôϤ
ȴǣңѣ̾
˶ǶԱ˽Ķ࣬Լȴһ֪⣡΢΢һ̾˽Ķ֣ˣѣȴ˽Լ
ûд𻰣Էԣǳͬȷܻĥԣǣȴδ˽Լ
ĬƬ̺쿴ŶԷɻصΪʲôңĪǾе壿
ҲҲ㣬ΪִѾʧң
캧Ȼɫʧң
ΪҶ꣬ΪҶңͬǣδҾǧ
Ѱң˼Ƭ̺ʵ
ҳס޳
㡮ʶ۶ʶ֮ʶ̡ʶܸ֪
⣬еʶĩʶ͵ڰʶҮʶǡʶĩʶѸ֪Үʶֻܸ֪
Үʶ򷨵ġġǰʶ𷨣ΨаҮʶǡʵ䲻֮ʡ
İʶǡͺģԲ䡣ɫʶģǽ۸ɫһΪԵഥʱ
ҮʶעʶĵѿʶģֱܷɫˡʶǾ֪ġҡҡҲ𷨡
һͣ٣ŵұԾ㣬ɳɾֻͣң֤
ϳתģ֤Գɣ
ϣ˺ȻʧΧɢȥѾһռ䣬һİĿռ䡣
ǸԼһֻһ㣬ɮԻҪ£˰죬Ҳ벻Ȼʱ֮֮Ժ󣬲ͽա
һȫµ磬ǰеȹģĹƻֺ̻꣬Ի͡
۲һ֮󣬼ͬȥ
߽һֻϵһѧӵĴ֡

Ī׵ıɣ
ӿˣױûм˵ˣ
͵ƿ˴ţ˽ȥӳСһĿĹÿɱһ̨˸ָı
ȥվڵһ̨ǰߣϸؿ
̨ϲһѹ޻Ľ֪ʲôƵģ֮ͨȴɢǿҵɱ̨ϿżС֣߱ħ񽣡
ð֣
Լ߱ħȻȴеġ
ױ
쳢Žһ㱻ˣҲʵҲòϿɡ
εĿ̾һһ̨ȥ
һǹǹϿָͼ
쿴̨ϵ֣Ȼǡǹ֣
ǹȴӣҲǺܹϵıˣŻ򵥣ֱӡ
֮һʵǿޱȣĪıС
˫סǹͼ֮Ųһ£ȴ޷쵽תٴʹ˻ŽǹŲһ粻ľ롣
̫ˣ
һߣĳȴ޷ֺϼʶպ졣
ٴΰ̾һһ̨ȥ


177 
̨֮ϣڷһѳɫȣֱǺֽȴʶǻɫëУǿĻʶһ̽оɽ緢һĻƣȼš
һС̷֣Ӧ
ȸȣ
ȸëƶɵģֲǿĻ
ָһëо·ٴν޾֮Уͬǣȵĸо޼ҪǿһЩ
޵ëȻ
ץֱ֮Ⲣ֮ǰЩһ޷ŲתԪһ
䣡
һǿȻӿ绯һֻգֻǣһϢʧˡ
֪ʲôΪһתԪȸԶԪˣŻǾ޴ĻֻǣԼԪ̫ˣ޷ṩĹ
ȸȷŻԭأϽ¼öָԪ
ʱһ̨ȥ
̨ϰһһߵıòϹ񼶲ϣ˵񼶲ϲ࣬ԣʶʲôϡ
ɫСоŲ㣬ÿһΪ棬ÿһһСţſǷӵ
Ȼ仯ʱС֡
ӦǷǿߵı
ҲŽ֮ǻ޷Ųʹȴһδֺ
쵹ɻˣС쳣ƺĳš
üͷ΢壬ʩչ˷ھֵķ㷢ãֻһ⽫ա
֮£Ȼ߱յʮɱͣ
쿴ɵۣȻԱ仯⵱档
֮صԭĴСɻԭλ
̫˼ˣֻǣԼеغôûһ㶯أ
쵹ɻˣǰһʱеغͻ춯һ·ȴ˯һ㡣
벻ͨ㲻ȥˣ̨ȥ
һ·ӳĶѣǼе޷
ꪣ˫սⲻ
ǹ񷣬ƥ
칭񷣡
츫ٵأħԾ壡

ͣһ߸ߵСԱߣⲻĵǷõ񶦣ϵͼڣһͼ
ǶעĿͼҲΪµͼܹˣ
ϸ۲е丮֮󣬱µ⻹ʲôͼ
ֻͼ
ͼݣԼֻصĳ֮ȴѾˡѾµֻͼ
Ŷµ֣֪˶ֻֽض
ֻضʵֻض
ֻǲ֪˶кã
˹ȥָشŶϵĸͼһ˲䣬ƺصԼֻص֮УԺڿٵزֻصĻ档
ָ̽ÿƽϢȻ߿ֻض𾪲ѡ
ίʵ˼飬ûһͼлصӦֻ֮
ٴθӦ˼£ȷⶦһܡ
⻹ǣſøԼʶͼֻأ
ֻͼҲ˵ֻͼ޵ֻͼֻͼϣɽа˵ûʣܱ⡣
ָشϣ˲䣬׹Уã֪ȥδӡ
ָÿͷָ̻
ԼƮ޶׽
ĿŵԭϲɫȴʧˣڲԤ֪δ˼ɫ
ֱת߳˴ЩԼӵеģ֮޷ʹãͽա
ûзȥĹվڵڶſڣ֣Ȼ
񵤵
˼壬ӦôŴĵҩƷӦö׵ġ
ŽȥӳǻǳһĿռ䣬һСţȫ׵ҩ
ÿһöҩ϶ееƣеĻеơ
ȻеƵĵҩǳĿһ۾ͿˣȻռܴ󣬵ǵۣױֻ֣ʮöѡ
һ죬ץסһţ˲䣬зһ˿⣬ɲǱʶ֮С
𵤣ǿʵ֮Чҩ裬Դ
ϢУ˵˵ҩַ֣м¼Ǳ
콫ȥڵϣϸظеҩЧ
䣡
纣Хһ緢ĵＱתתҩ֮ת
ֻǣ̫ӴˣһͨӤһڳԵһͷǲܵ顣
𿾣;ƺҪһ㣬ǿʹת
ƤѾһ˿˿ѪЦΧ籩һ㣬Ҫĥ
ڴʱеغ鶯ϵȫգΧҲŹ
һ̱ڵأ亹Ŵ
˿ûһ˿ԪпտҲμΪǱ裬еգٽһס
˼öϢƬվԪָֻɣоԼƺˣʱӦǻ֮
£ѧˣЩ׵ҩԣʱ޷ܣ򼴱Ҳû˿
ԽȵԼ繻˵ʱ񲻸á
뵽ˣ̶֣ؽÿһöҩеϢ
֪˶ãһ£һ꣬ŽеĵҩȫߣŽԼĿռָȻŲ߳˴
ֻǣûз֣뿪֮ʱһֻľ޴۾һֱڶӰʧ֮ʱؾɢһ˿âռָЩ׵ҩȫʧˣŹ֮ЩҩֳڴУֻȱöԵ𵤡
վڵſڣЩȻ
䣬Ȼ似
᲻ǰһȫ似
似ѾǶˣЩʱԽףͬҲСʮɱȭԵȵȡ
ǣһ似ȣǼǾţһë
ƽ飬Žȥӳеһ̬죬еվţеţÿһǰ˫
ܹʮ񣬱ޣûпʲô鼮֮ġ
似أ
üͷ
ԶԶؿʮɸߵĺɫûз
˹ȥһֻһվĴֳִܵꪣһ֮ƣңѴꪣеľһ޶
ŵƣٵ岿λ


178 
۾ǣһ㣬Ȼһǿƺɡ
캧Ȼɫæվŵȴֵκα仯
ô£
ͬԼ
ǡ
ûͣһһȽϤª׶ֳָݣƥ
սеõİʥʼ׵еӰΪƣûĻӦ޺ʥʡ
첻֪ǷܴϻȡһЩϢǳˡ
ʥʵĵ񣬽ģ۾͸һ⣬ֱӽȻԺһӰʩչһս
Ӧţȴʱ䣬ֱѹŸоԼԺһЩϢϢһսҪ졣
һ£սûƣֱӸȥһ֣Ե޺ʥ֮սĹ£Ϊ񡱡
һ似Ƚʺ죬Ϊһߵ似
õ䣬ãһ
һŮӵƮ޶ֳһ籣Ȼɡ
쿴һۺ˼ҪҪԣϾŮ似Щ̫ʺ
ѣǧţ˺ڣ
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Ȼ㿴һֻ۵Ĵ֣ƾճ֣Լš
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ͺڲģ֮ΪԵϣΪҵʶתڳת

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
֪Ǻ⣿
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Ӧþǽ֮ģˮ֮ģ֮ĺ֮ˡ
ģǿʵ츳ҲΪ
֮Զľذ˳߸ߵĿУƮһɫĹţһöҩɲ״Χ
𾪲ѣһοеƵĵҩֻ֪öҩΪԪżȻγɵĵҩĵϣȻγɣΪƵҪ
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ʧɫǶ챦ԽߵΪҪ֮Ѿݵܳܵĳ̶ȣƺ֮
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Ϊⶫõģǽһ֪Щ̫Ŵ˵ȴʵ¡
ǰƯеǶ״еı״е飬еʵ޻
һʮö״ɫͬĹӣҶҲͬ
ɫιӣĵ׵ҶҲεģӦ
ɫķιӣҶҲһ״ȸ
ɫϻ״ĹӣҶҲǰ׻״
ɫӣҶǹ״
Ųʵķ״ӣҶҲǷ״
룬ᣬ棬״ľѣ֮治Уһù졣
첻֪ΪÿһֹӴһԻȡ޵磬ǳԵһöԴӹлȡһ˿֮ʵͻͽ
ϵЩҶӣҲʳ綥ҩһ㣬Уһ㽫京ڿУϡ
߿Խ֮ݲ裬֮󣬱лȻ֮Уƶһ㡣
һоöӣ״ͬɫ죬Ϊ֮
ÿһöӶһֵϣ֮ͬԼϲ˵ѿһ㣬ʱƣ㲻ȥУҲ
쿴ۻң̫ʵˣ
ǺͮͮĹӣʵ̲ס˿еĲ⣬ȥժ
ֻǣָһߵķΧ㱻һɽ֮ˡ
ô˽ƣ
еϲɫȥε̾һԵڴ˵
ģһֶ̽޷
йˣԶһߴСĳӣƯŵǧɫҺ壬ԥˡ
֪ĶҲ᲻˽ƣʦоųɿ϶Ҳš
İɫҺ壬ȴʶȻ飡


179 շ籩
飬ڵʯ֮УʱŻγһΣ֮ЧȻ˵ȴõĴ֮һ仯ͻƾ磬Ҳϵȵҩ
ң黹Խ߳ڷõҩϵĵϴӸɾ
Ϊⶫܴ壬ſʲôΪںЩа취Ψһȱٴ
׽ϴѾǿ˲٣ʦ롶Ҫ󻹲Զܵõһ˿ڼ飬֮ڴﵽ֮
ֻǣ֮ô׻ããһӾͿһˡ
εĿ̾һĳӣ֮ʱͣϸع۲ΧĵͿ
ҪѰҳ󷨽Ƶټ֮ܲܽƿǽ֮⿪
Ͽûһ˿ۼΧҲûвļһҲǺټ
췺˳ֻдƣ̽仯㡣
վԪųϿջԪ͸ָǰĿռ䡣
䣡
ֻһɲǣһĻ֣Ԫ˵ס˲գǹĻȴһ͸һΧ
ָһ¹ĻֻɫĻһ⣬ȥ
ˣΪⱾֹߵĽƱǰĳ
ﾹȻһС磬ҲͬС磬ɽˮԳһ磬Ȼǡ
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һǳͬһööҩŸɫ죬״ͬСҲһ
Ľ£ǿǳ״ȴʯһ㡣
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ڻиʣӦҪʲô
ûţȴһռ䣬ǵùˡ
ص֮ǰĴѰֻصİ취
ھͲͬˣ֮УǰŴŵ꣬ûһ˿еԪһ죬ٶĸҲûá
ҺԼ񵤵е񵤣ƾЩ񵤣ԼͿ߾ˣʱӦÿҵȥķ
תתʶµķ֡
쳢ߣоˮζһһһޱȡ
ģҵߵķţٶȿ˲٣ԪҲࡣ
һֱƮƮţ쿴ʯ飬༫ΪĽͿʯЩĺòϣȻŹ
ɰؼϡ
ؼߵȲϡ
վ켶ϡ
ǳɰ켶ϡ

˷ޱȣһͿʯռָȻʯת˼ȦʯֻҳһСûҵĶ뿪ˡ
Ưʯʤһ·е΢һ㣬еȴһǡ
첢ûʯеʧϾʯвٵĺòϡ
ĿĵƯţʯȥһңûеĻͼ·
Ҳ֪Լ˶ãռָĵҩһࡣ
Щģ޷ҵϢ߿ĵطôԼֻܳάˡ
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죬ճ¡¡纣Хɽ緢ֱӽжĵˡ
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ɫǳأշ籩ֲ̫ˣֱĲþһǳжǱ֮籩Уȴ֮ڲľ޷Ტۡ
쵨սľƵģȻλÿô죬ʵ籩һɲǱѮ
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ֻܼϣʯõĻԱס
Ȼһָʱ䣬Ƿ籩Ѿƹˣڵʯͬһ㣬ֱֵӱɵˣȻ⣬ǿĿռ֮ʹ֮Ϊɻҡ

֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䣬ռ籩ͣˡ֮һƬޡ
ˣ֪ԼεأԼ˯˶á֮ûΪٺеңޱȵıˡ
ȻʱѾǸˣ屻ռ֮ĥˣռָûˣغ鲻ˣֻʣ꣬ĿƯš
޹ˣûˮеĿ嵭
һֱƯУһʯȴ޷פ㣬ΪѾˡ
ûĥֻʱ⡣
٣ҪôҪôȴûиͬʱĿǰҲ޷ģΪʵ־̫ңԶˡ
Լռָһִ񵤵޵񵤣ΪֻһöûǿǣԼ٣ռָҲ֪ȥĶˣҲ޷⣬ռ֮˰ɡ
ڳһλ꣬һҡҷС
һ죬ͻȻˣ۾ָɡ
ǰҲһķ
ûغǰ״ںòȥ˵ˡ
ǣԼǶ˼ǧ꣬ߵ˳ݹҲΪԼĹ޹Цֻعȥ硣
ʲôģ½ඥǿ߶ûй
Ȼ˶һֻת
з𾭣ʹõҵ룬ֻ
ԼһѾˣֵˣ
һΣڵУԵ
ʱһɨ֮ǰ»ʣ粥еСѿһ㣬ջ񵽵ϣ


180 һ
оȫˣֵУȻ꽥رĥˣ⣬з𾭣ɢɢʯĻתתѰһЩصĶ
ⲻֻ֡
ǧȥˣۺǰ󣬲Ѿʱˡ
һ죬ԶһĹâԴһ꣬㻯ΪˣһҳϢûС
һʣһʶһ˵յɱ֮һ
⣡
֮ԻΪޣ궼Ѳˡ

Ƥһ£˿ǰһƬ⣬ҫ۾ۣгһ죬ӦǿĴʹ
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£쳹ˡ
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ͷǿԶԴϢ˼ǣȻš

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ֻǵССʯźԼŭٶȴǵԼħ顣
ֻǵԼһܳΣȴ֪λ˶೤ʱ䡣
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еļ佥ʧˣƺδйо˯һ˯˺ܳʱ䡣
֪һΣʱ⡣
ҲȥԼΣ֪ԼôˣоǣԼ˶೤ʱˡ
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֮𣬷·ʲôֲĶһ㣬мЩ¡
ģ֮ˣֽڿԶˡ
ֻ̨֮ϣɫ뱬ѿмһӰȫţתȫ
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Ҫ֪֮ǰʮ꣡
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쿴˲ʯϵڽǹƺѾܾˣʯΪһ塣
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ɻѣһ֮󣬷̫಻飬Լ·һ㡣
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䣡
ȭͷʯײʯԳ޴Ľɫϵ֣ˮеҶһ㣬ҷ⣬ӿ͸ض룬û֮УԿڹ֮ϡ
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ʱȴǾʯŵ·۾ղһС
ȫĹϣתѪҺһ㣬ֹϢԼԺҲһξģ࣬ȴޱȣغ칦ܣЩ֣ǣȴȫȻе˼
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ʯҲȷʵһ㣬ת˻֮ſǰ
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ѾЩͻȻŰǹſܴܲǹ
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ͷҲصĳ谵ʯϣԵľһ㣬ȵشң콥нԶû޾İ
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ڳˣ
̾һ漴ʱվĴ֮ǰǸͬ
Ǹΰİ͸һֹϢȴ࣬ûиߴʯûйͼڸ񣬽һ޴Ĺѡ


181 뿪
콫Ŀ˴ſڣһһ磬ͬڻ꾳ȴҪ翴ƯһЩ
˹ȥվſڣϸϸع۲ǰһС
Ǹĺȥԣ˵ľȻʡ
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һ죬Ҫվ۷壬½

йɺȻ֮ӿ˫ȭգڽǹ쳤Х
ԶﷶΧһԶȥ
ôһ󺰣ﳩ࣬˱ĸоˣȻʱҰһ㣬еĹâȴ罣һ
ģصʵ˿λʲôط֪أǷ뿪˻꾳˵
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Գޣܳɳļ϶Ļһ㣬һޣ̬ڵģҪףǷǳѵġǣСе޾ͲһˣõϢʹǽ׷ɿ졣
˵ڻǴСУҪ뿪˴ֻҵ̨
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еڽǹһգƥ

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ȡˣȻó˺ƣʬϵѪȫ⣬һ߸ʬ뿪˴˵ء
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ʱ䣬˲ޣȽ׸죬ǿȫɥС
ʱͻȻͣо˸߽ݵϢһţ㾶ֱѭϢȥʱһɽҵҩ
ֻɽ֮еʯһ֥ʲԲΣͦţһ͸Ȫһ㡣
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֥
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ƴˣ
ƶͷ㲻ٶ룬ռ⾳ںŷӰƮɽȥ
ؽڳ֥֮⣬޾ͳ֥ɵľ롣
Լƴһ㣡
磬Ѹٱ֥һ㽫˹װ׼õ֮С

ִ֥ĺɫʱޱ״˹վֻȭͷ۾죬׹¶
Ѫ
弶һ޳Ѫ
ô弶ޣ
󾪣û˿ԥһһ㣬ɽ硣

Ѫһ˹֮ľ
Ѫ弶ޣսһ㣬ٶ죬ʱˮƽ޷˦类׷ϡ
֪δ֪ԼˣȻ弶޵¿ǲˡ
ģ֮ľ벻һɣ亹ô죿
侲ʵļ٣ʮϢʱ䣬϶ᱻ׷ϣҪѣԲ
ᣬ쿴ǰɽиɽƺȽиĺۼǶֻа˳ߣպÿԽȥѪȴ޷С
ʱɽʮɣȴѪҲɽƺµĴ㣬Ȼ˲䱬һɲ˾ʧˣľצıϡ
أ
ǿУڼ֮У쵹ɳȥײұϣ붴ȴ֮Զ
ײɵһ˲䣬Ѫվɽڵλãסȥ·
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ߣóڽǹ׼һ
ղת컯ɽˣӰ֣ׯϡȻԪǹ֮ϣȴŻᣬػ
ʱ࣬Ѫƺɻ󣬵˲䱻ɷ֮ûˣצϮ
ԷĹԼǹҲ˳ȥ
䣡
һ죬쵹ɣ±ϣڽһ˿ѪǳѪȴֻ˲һɣɫƺǲ졣
ôһС࣬ȻԽԼˣ˵ǲ˼飬˵ȱ
վֲȥǵѪ΢䣬ضųѪĳŶڿ
˲䣬ʩչӰռ⾳У˲ʧˡ
Ѫˣˣôˣ
ֻǣͷ򶴿ڵʱθո֣ûнȥ

Ѫһ׵ŭˣСϷŪĳ衣
ǰţצʹȫĺ󱳡
أ
θֳܵǿһߵķһ㣬Ľ˶С
ѪȻŹ죬Լ̵˰죬ǿڶڣ޷ȥ

ŭĺ˼֮˺󼸲ſ˵ϣƺîˣ֡
е죬ǵѪȾ죬󱳣ƿһ󶴣Ƥûѿһӡǡ
ѪǿһʹĻܵ˲ˣ࣬ܵˡ
ڵϣ̷˼öҩһ۾
һΧϵǸȶڿˣֻеֵǣôһ˹ɽأ
һʮĶڣȻŶȥɽҲǾʮԽԽ


182 ռ
ʱߵ˾ͷͬһһ㣬ķû裬ֻһһɴСĴ̨
Ѿ㹻ˣҵԼҪĶ
ֻҪ뿪УûпǳȥᵽĶⲢ벻룬ܳȥѾллˣ
ϲֵ첢δ򼤶ʧȥǣؿ̨ϸؼһΣȻȥվڴ̨룬Žµİۡ
֪ҪŶٿƷʯԣóһٿ飬һһطڰС
ǰˣһƷʯ̨ˣȥκζ쵹ɻˣֱӽʣµһԵط˽ȥǻ֮ǰһһϢ㱻ĵˡ
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ʵڴĹ켣Χһ㶼пռģֻҪ㹻һȫ԰ȫУ⵽ռӰ졣
ֻǣղŲԲһԶֹͣˣ챻ռûˡ

С㣬˶ʮˣ϶޷ҿǲҪӽˣһҰ˶ѣûҪ˷ôõҩ
һʮӶǰȴ־ǿޱȵŮ˵еĹ֮Ȼ¶ǰŮӿһжα
ֻ̰òͼҲƶѣҪ֪ǼΨһļ̳ˣȻǸŮӣҵϵǱ˶Ͽɵġ
κͨȻҽôܲأһʤ߼֥Ȼ󣬵ҩѣôܱȵأ
Ů䲻󣬵㣬ǿǿӲ˵һʵϵ޹ء
һǸߣԷ˳ˣϰ룬ܳģǽе׺֮ˣһϴ鷳ô죿еһţΪеص
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κͨ뿪֮Լķȥ;һ֮ʱͣƿţ˽ȥ
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κͨһ뿪Ұˡ۾мؿһſڣɱһţ漴۾
κִͨĵ֮ʱԵԤеΣս٣˹ʩֶΣԳͽһκֻ̣ͨ۾װԡ
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ˣһ죬峿УҰˡһ£漴۾ſڴͷ˯Ů΢΢һ̾
һҹȻװ˯ǶǰŮǸмѣϾ˼Լһҹסˣո˯š
ʵڲĴܲһֱװ˯ɣ´˲ңʮְδһ

վڼװϣԶɽΧˮҰˡ˸
ô̴ǵһμϾҳǸûпĺִܹͨ󴬣ûԹ̴ġ
һ㲻̴ͻȽˮ·½·Ϊ㡣
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ȻԸв죬ҹûй𾪣Ͼô̴ûһЩʵػ϶⡣
ˣһΪȵƺһ㾪ϲ
ҰˡתǰһŮӣʮһ䣬һϲؿ
ոҴϢȳ͸һ¿ҰˡһЦŵҵģô
ҰˡȻ̫ÿԴ󣬵ǵЦݣȴǰŮһ˲ʧ


183 
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ҽ죬лл֮ΪԺвǲԵΪ
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ÿ΢΢һЦ֪Ĺôˣ
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˰죬֪ԼѾ˴ڣǴĴ֮һҵļ̳ˣҲδƶ档
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ԼļȻǴ壬ȴΪģʮʵҪǿֻǲҵңΪҵϳͣΪķһãܵ˸ء
Ȼ֪Լһʩչǿľ϶ܶ˵ע⣬Ҳûа취飬ϾֻͬʱΧһСĻ֮ǣҲܲҴš
ʱҲûʱЩ޹ؽҪĶϾ⽭ﻹʮֻæҵӣЩԼĻˡ
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˵սҲ̽ȫص˴ϣ۾죬һĳݡ
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컹֮񣬵λؿ¸мľ֮˳ûʲôλˣ
ֵսˣϷƽɽ̾
ϿˣϲסҵȿѲ켴㲻ǫ飬ʱȴһҪǫϾսɽġ
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˰֮ɽŵ֪ľ֮ʱԴĦҪôһ֮ùϵ
֪⣬ίһ֮󣬱صԼĲңʼ
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ԻҢ൱һһߵ֮еļ֪һЩʥˡ
Ӣţ֪ʱʲôľֹ۾ˡ

̾޳ҲԸԼûţֻǿߣ
ʱ䣬ѵ޷ƿĹڣĽ𣿡뵽ʲôʵ
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ţҵ飬һҪܣ鷳ϣ춣
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186 ֲ
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ϴһ˷䣬𾪵ǣʱîʱһӵȫߣϵ˾Ҫ߳
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ǽһһıĻ͹ҷָڹҿؿеȴ޷һС
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ˣϻ˵ˣ濪ʼһƷǧһӣŮһʽסӣ̨ϣǧȥ˲ʽһȭͷСƿС
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գѩ˿ǧٿƷʯˡ
Ʒֱǵؼʯʯͺھյļ۷ֱһһһ壬Ϻ߻ӭ
͵߼ƷֱǵؽƷĸѪһöÿöļǧƷʯʮƷʯͬһˣһʮƷʯ


187 ǹ
ڰ˼ƷĽԪݣļǧƷʯÿμӼ۲Ʒʯۿʼ
ǧ壡
ǧ
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ģҲʼˡ콫·ߵУ֪ÿһǿߵ֡
գԪݱһƷʯߣ֪˴ΪĽٰ֮Ϊڶǿ֮һ
ھżƷĽݻһöһ˽ߣ֮ˣ֮Ϊ
ʮƷ֥֥ļʮƷʯÿμӼ۲ǧƷʯڿʼģ
ʮһ򣡡
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Ǵֱʣ֥Ǻöҩƣ֥ɽ֮У׸ǳྥζʣ֮Ǭʳݼᣬ޼
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ԣȿ˵
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۵ԽԽ٣Ҳʼˣֻǣĺ֮˵ĿⶼͶֵǣʱȴûһ˸ʶ̽顣
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Σʱ̣ñԪ˲ԼΪ͸֧ӭбǣ֮󣬻ƻߵĵ;ǣпܱɷһ
Ҫúܶ࣬ԣ߻Ƿؾˡ
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һǧ򣡡ǧʧܵʱˣ˲ǹǺöԼڽǹУôƷʻߡ
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ǧĻ˵꣬˱Ŀ̰ҲԵüѡ
ȻǴеĿּѹƷҲǰõ֪ѹƷǺ
ԣսʱ߻ߣѹƷʱһʧȥ˰Ȼòһֻֻһ㡣
еձˣʵµߴѹֵգɫ԰ףһЩȴزţȭͷ߬ýģȴǧ
֪ҩұвȱٵĶƷʵӣΪĽĪİǧʱغڵ˵θڡ
ڵҩһ㰴Ƚ׽仮ΪƷƷƷͼƷ
ǣһֱӶԵҩƷʵķӳǾǱ󣬱ɫ󣬵ƣƺʹ˵е󣬵ȵȣ
ǰʱ䣬ǻнһһƷĸѪÿһöĵƣ񵤣
ҩǽΪʮ飬ÿһʮöҩööѪ
ǵһ飡ǧһӣŮӱ̨ϡ
ȥڸǵĲʽһСƿǰ


188 ͻ
еĿɽһӿǧޱȣϲߵ顣
ֻǣڴʱ䷢
ֻеĿǰλϣ߳˲˹ĿȻСƿ
ǧ󾪣û뵽Ⱥлд˵ȵΪ֮;еҽ٣ң˾Ȼʵÿһ֮
˾ֳʱǧŭͬʱҲ²ѣϾ֮Ȳ϶Էǿץƿ˿ѰԮ
󵨣
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鷳վҪˣֻһߵĵѾǧ߾ˣ²һϢʱ䣬ǧСûˡ

һȴֻһӰһɣ˲㵽ǧԣ̽ʳָָĵмסһš

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ڶǱʬһˡ
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ϡ٣ֵҩѾһֱˡ
ԣ鵤ҩֱĳʮİʮۡ
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߳ĺţƧһֵ¿ջȥȻ󣬸˼㷢Լ˸ˡ
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⥻ն
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189 ˴
Ȼ壬еǹ߾Ԫ񶯣ԳʥʵӰߣһ㣬еڽǹֱӰ
񣡡
䣡
ҵײٴֱӱǹ̵ɢڽǹӰֻǰһЩȥ
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ۿǹӰҪ˵ǰǶԷֻ΢û˿־壬ꪺǰסǿĹֻǣԼһ֮Զ
ʱ˶ͣˣû࿴ŶԷ
֮ȿڣȻǿҼȫʩΪʤļֻ߳ɣһ֮ĸ֣
ɫ䣬ȴҲͬԷ˵ĻղŵǿһԼѾʩչȫԪˣԷԱʵֻǱһԶѡ
ֻ첻ף˵˭Լдģ⡣
ǺˣĮ۾
棡³֣
棿쵹ɻˣ漴Ȼ䣬ա㡯㡯ġ㡯
ҳӣĸ磡
Լ²һȻ֮ˣôԼ˽ôࡣ
һһ治ɷ˵Ǳӣе˼
ԭˣһһᣡȻ֪˭Ҳ׷ֵ
Сû֮󣬲ϵǰսǿһգһ֣̲סҪսһԣ㻹ڴ˵أ
˻Ȼʣپôʵ˼֮㳨˻⣬ȥ
һ¥һᣬһЩƲˣ˫ϵĵá
֣֪Դһ˽٣ڿʼ˵Լ⡣
һ˲һ㶣漴ɫ
쿴˱飬б˼ֲ롣
вٿֲļһǴ˿̿¶֮У΢΢һ̾潫еľһ£
ŶĻش΢
ûȥ֪ǱĴڣٴνеľһ
Ǳɻˡ

漴潫Ǳ졣
ԭڴʳһɸߵǱ֪Ǻβɣ󷨣ͨߵĹ
޴ʯ֮ʹˣ˵ԲԵ۾κߵʵֻǣҹ涨˱ר˵ʵ涨Ƕʮ£һ㶼ǶʮµԵģ곤Ķ˼ȥԡ
ǱϵһԶʧҪԼڱϣԡ
һ㣬ſǸʮȥһΣȷԼǷ
ԴҲЩɻǱֻܽߵĹһߵս˹սʽûԵģôǱĲҲͲô׼ˡ
Ȼڱ޲߷ܽһķ
潫ĿǰǱϣڶ࣬ʮλ𾪲ѣ֮ſʮλɼǰжֲ
ǱǰΪİ˴ӡĹ￴Ǹ֮⣬ڶ˳Ƴ๫ӣΪ׼Ʒȵŵӡ
ˣֱ޳ӡ޺۹ӡӡ鹫ӡ湫ӡηӺ⹫ӡ
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ƽ׼Ʒڵһӣ֮ĳڣǱλ
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˸˱Ǵһʮҵ䣬ﵽ˻֮ϣ츳νá
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ղŸ潻֣սһŵ˽⣬Ҫʮл棬Լ֮ϡ
оѹԼıԶ޷Σô½ԡ
ţǲҪ취ԼľһЩһЩĵҩڶʱѸԼǣԼǰ;нϴĸá
ıƬ̺ԲȥЩˣһһһʱ䣬ſ١
ĳĬ氵̾Ҳ˽⵽ʱ飬˭ԼĶʱܻЩ
Ȼаʱ䣬Ժúõһ£ʵȥǣҲţÿһ߶ƴΪľǿ߳ȥ򿴿
εľΪңǴȵʱ䡣
Ҵ˴ξһǣ콫еľһת˻⣬䶳
ţʶģ˳ȥĹڣõĻ˵ԻһЩöصλԼһƣ
Ǳǰе꣬ʱһŵķɧ
ϣЩ˴ӣлĻԸһ¶Էǿ󣡡˼
ҽ㲻ҪȥЩһǺܶ඼ܹ°ȥ֮󷴶裬ľȥ̽һ츳ǲ׷ֻʱ⣡Ʒűеĳ¾ƣ
ֻǵͷûлش֪ȻԷǿ󣬵ԼҲ£򲻹Ǻ飬ֻҪҪľǾС
ң̽ǿߵʵ˽Է
ȻĹڣ֮ʱ϶ҲʱҶѰҲûлսǵԺȥʳ˵ɡ


190 Ǳս
и¥ˮȥɽͷ
ǧ־Ⱦ
͸﷫Ρ
ԾգӥƲ񷣬
磬˭
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⣬Ѫ¾ħ᷽ݡ
Ƿֻأȥǣ
վڴڣԶ޾ɽ·ĽŮɫҴҵڽֵϡ
ÿ˶Լվ壬ÿȴ໥Ƕδ۷壬ȴֻʣһˡ
ܶѡ˷ǵĿ겢ۣ֮һߡ
Ǳϵÿ˶ȥԣϣ̣Դ֤ԼĴ塣
Щ˶ߣһߣΪΪֻΪңɼ˿֪ķ嶥
ϲЩǰе֤Լ˲գĵ·㲻ã㲻ԴΪĿܽ˻ߵˡ

յϢпܴĹڣĽƼƿʰһǰλɭֵĲ롣
ϷԼ֮ԶٶȽϿ죬ʱʱ㵽ˡ
Ϊʲôˣվڰ֮⣬Կصɽ£̧ף
ԭط߻սҲΪͬķΧûʲôݣҲûޡ
죬ֿǡʮķΧ˴ССֳ֮ࡣ
оٵǿʶɨǻ֮ϵΪ
ȻǸǷ֮أ
찵̾
ʲôΪÿһˣᱻ絽̽һϾҺܿǾ֡
ҲΪֻл֮Ϊ¶Ҳûж˹ע
ֻǣǰеʱһ۵ĻһƷ
üͷ΢ое졣ûһ㵨ӣʶɨʼȺѰϤӰ
ǣ˰죬ҲûҵӰ̫ˣףҲǶԷ
Ĺڣλȥͣǧ֮⣬ֻɽµµһʯڷǳƽƺķġʯǰʮɷΧķʯȦγһ
ƺǸȦãʯкۻµġ
첢ûиоκνƵϢЩʯҲһ㡣
죬ҲпȻһһĽ䣬
һʱ챻ӵ״̬˻
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ô£
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ǱǰʮĴսɴ侲ǻелó
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ϯӣ֮۷徳磬Ǳھţʵǳǿɻ档
棬ڵӣҲǻ֮۷徳磬Ǳʮƽʦ֣ʵҲսΣʧܶա
ʱеɣ䣬ȴǳǷŵӣռϷ硣
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Σ㻹㣬һңξƽؿ棬
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治˵һŵأԪ˹Ʊˣֵһ˲䣬оսǿ١
ûмӭԷΪĹơ
˳ִսϣȻʤ˿ӿռָó˸Եı
ıһƯıڵؽƷΣΪལ
ıһѽ䵶Ȼͨͨ˶֪ҲһѵؽƷıΪ䵶
ȷ𹥻еĽһ㣬ֱָʺ
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Ľǿȴûһ㱿׾鶯ĵУȴ׾ɣԾƶŷŹׯϴ
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˵սޱȣˣȻʤֵȽˡ
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һɫɵֱƥɫأеལ̳һɽӭ˵硣
һΣ
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ԪײѿγһɴУγһɴǳӣϢ֮ɢȥһйƽ
۳еˣɣ֮ԶȻ󣬵ڳ߶ף˴εĶԾʤ
գգ˫ֺʮһݣûл۾һֱ˫վλãȭͷ߬߬Ȼתһԣ뿪
ԶɽվӰһװ뷢԰ףɷǣһȴһ꣬˽֮
֣Сӵıǰ˲٣СлʤһͲСɥʧ𣿡꿴ԶܶȺ
޷˽ʧԼкôֻСһ̫ˣִһӰľҵһ̵һУź룬һ˿ǣ
ǰִ̫ʤǽû·ˣ̾߸츳ǿޱȣûȥˣضܴ죡
Ҫ˵ˣ˵ǿپŸŸˣĿǰ򲻿ʤҲ̾
ǰЩСһﲻɽ¶ˮʵǿ֮ڸҵС֮£Ǹʲô⹫ӵˣҾͼһ棬ǻڡ
˵ţ߿꣬ʵ
಻֪

ڸղ˵սҲǸ̾ǰʮſʵǿ󣬲ԪĻ񣬻սɵãǾޱȡ


191 ɱ
ȴɨһ˿ѹе˷ܣĶս˼
֣Ҹط֣쿴ߵ棬ʵ
֮ãһգԼս̴ȻľԼͣԪûԼ񣬵սȴԼǿ̫ˡ
һƧɽȣûˣ㿪ʼ˼ҵĶս
˶û似ǻȭźսɣȫԸ
콫ԪǿԺԶս
սȽռƣΪ̫ǿˣҲȵġ
ԣ˲ǽⲫĻ˶áҪѧϰսɣҪĥԼ
һֻһʱ뿪ɽȡղŵһУɽ˵УΪϢҲûϸ̽죬ûз˵Ӱ
ֵĴӣǻ̾
ǰױȵĽսǿϷ򶼲󼰵ս飡Ҳ̾
ˮƽôǻ֮أĪΪʵ
Ӧǰɣ
ƺ˱˶ˣתʮɽۣǳâ˸
ֻһۣ֪˾Ҳû룬ͷûһ
ǿľ԰Ǹ֣Ҫǿ٣϶Ϊߴʯͷ̽̾мһЩη֮⡣
Ժ̽¶ˣлᣬԵݷһ´ˣ
ȻҲ

첻֪ԼȻףʹ龳ĸֽԼ˸ˣη֮⡣
һصĹڣȴſʱ̡
˵ǧҹʱĹڣʱ̡
ΪÿԲ֮ҹƵɢܶ࣬Ľƣһ¹䣬ضܶ࣬޷Ϊֵĺ
ҹ»գɴʱߵĿȫۼʯϡ
ʯĵطվʮߵӰÿϵľ磬Ϣǿ
һ֮ȴûһˣ˵ǹ졣
ڻʮ֮ģֳһٶˣ֮ģٶˡ֮ģ˲ֹ֮ģһǧˡ
쵽֮ռ˾ų֮ࡣ¼ǧǻ֮µģлмɷߡ
ЩǸŸԵǰʶġ
¹յʯ֮ϣ·һ˪ģƽʯϣЩķĿʼܶһ㣬ųɫĹâ
ʱ̣¹γһĻͬʱĹĻһʯϣγһɸߣɿľιš
ʯϵķĿʼֿ¹ʴһӺ󣬹ĻѾʵʻˣЩɫķȴˣҲԽԽ
ʱʯϵķĳɢ¹ʯڣԳŵ̬
ǰı仯˼ѣʮλڳ˻ǰ忪ʯš
ڴʱһ뷢԰׵Ŀתڳˣ
λѾɶֻҪȥʯϵķ󷨣ǱԽȥѰٴ۵ĴУ
𣡡
գ𣬺졣
ʯϵ󷨣ǹʱһķ󷨣ΪСѪΪſԴ򿪵һƣ
ʱڵȺ˲䰲Щǿߣˡ
ѪΪ˭Ը⣿
Ҳ˷Ӧֻһźµ֮ӰһϢץסһ֮ߣ˾ڷʯء
ҪɱңҪɱң뿪
Ҫɱң

嶯ˣȴ˵ʱѾˡ
룡һָһ˲ַס˵Ĺؽڡ
͵ѾʼˣЩӦȱ
߿һЩߣͷſ˵֪˹
ҡҡͷˣ
ʱʮĸ˲䱼ȥȺ󷽣һ˻ķƺҪץȥѪ
һ䣬ʶȫһֻޣ˲֮ü֮С

˲ҽһڿյӰ߷һ㣬ɳȥڵϣţȻѪʶ
ǽҳɹ䲻ŵֵģǶԷ΢עһ£Ĺ𲻵ãױ㿪
ڳȴ˲סˣһץ˵ǿҲʼδڵԼеˡ
쵱Ȼһ֮ͣ£˲ʩչӰռ⾳ɲǼԣȭ˶Էĵ

һҵĺǸ֮߳׷ϵ˹ȥüķɳһȭͷСɫӰʶ
ʱϵ߲žѹվԵˣ˿ɡ
콫龳ߵĿռָˣȻ߳һţߵʮԶǿǰصҲһ
ʱĳϺܰͽҳһ
֮ǿ߲ŵðˣˡʢӦãѪ
޷һ֣վԭأʾ
ʱǿ⿴ˣǰ˺ĽٰҲǰۿսˡ
໥һۣȥ˶ĺ飬ҿûð֮٣鷳ˡ
һǿ߽е⿪סĹؽڣص֮ǰλãǸͽߣȴǻ巢ȴǸм
Щǿߵ飬ȴԺЦԼһסЩǿߣҲԿЩ˵ĵУǿа̰
װ÷ǳʵȴɣǱЩ˷˿¾鷳ˡ
ȻֻһСƬ֮˵Ŀ⻹Ǿ۵ʯ֮ϡ
ʱŲµصĿߣӦþλǧˡ
оӦΪɢϢ֮Ϊ
쵱Ȼڴˣ˵֮ǺܸȤУ˻ǧ꣬ѧʶ²һ龳߿Աġ
ͽ׵ߺͶʢǧǰֻʯŹݣȻץһһ֮ߣָһ㽫䶯ƣѪѸ˳
ǧԪһʶѪһߣʯУֻѪҺһʯţУ˲䱻ա
Ƭ̣ϵѪʯգһ߸ʬ
ţǧҲͣ٣νʣ˵Ѫʯ֮ϡ
Ƭ֮󣬵ֶ˰˾߸ʬʯŴʱȴ˺⡣
ʮϢ֮󣬺ʧǧתżλǿߵλһ󣡡
ŵ
ʮǿǰվʯǰһɴóԼıԪעǿϢúĵͽ߲


192 Ĺڣ
䣡
ʮǿĹʯ֮ϣʯȴû𻵡

ǧ˴һŵֱͦǿУԵһ˿ɫ˲ʧԪʩչǿƿʯš
䣡
һ죬ʯٴβεĶȽϴʯϳϸϸơ
ƺϸСҹԲڳĶǿߣܿ첶׽Щ仯ˣǧˡ
⵹ɻˣͷôˣô˰ѿزסô
ε̾һﰵ̰ģԸı䡣
콫ǧ˹鵽̰һС
Ȼѷ죬Ҫʯź俪ҪεĹԣʮǿҲûͣ٣ȫʩΪ
ʱߵԣɻؿǰĴӣкܶ໰Ҫ˵
֪ʣԺ˵ʱܣ
ȻǸգӻǺģһЩ飬ҲûʣվԣʯǱߵ
䣡

ʮǿߵĺ£ʯˣ¶һɭ
ǧ˼סǰվĹڣ֮ȥ޵кڴ
ǧˣе߶ѣƺ˹似鵤Լ۴Сһӵǰȥȴųȥ
Ҳֻһ侲쳣˵̬ǿǧˣֲ֮С
Ƭ֮ʮǿ߶侲ˣƽǧˣתһݵĺߵʬ֣лأҵ԰ȫ룬ʱҪˣ
ֻǿݵĺǰһɭɭȻû⣬·
ϣʬбֱĹȥڱأһ¿ռָֻһӰʬǰ
ܣʬܣ
ԭʬһƿܵĸ֣սһͬҪǿһʬܼȿΪıҲΪͬ
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˼״Խ
ǳӵУҲֻһοռѡ
ʱǰеʬͻȻͣ˽ŲָŵʬҲսǰԶĵط
ƺܵһΣյϢȴ޷׽˲ʧˡ
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ʬеĻ˶ʼˣԪԱ⡣
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ֻǣʱȻѾˣֻʯϳСףϺͷʯˡ㶾ļʸһ㣬Ϯˣһʱ䣬ҽһͽߵڵϣΪ꣬ʬǶû¡
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ʬһŷɥĶݣֻҪմһ㣬Խһ¡
Щʸлʬݵۣ֭
ڼʸֵһɲǣǿ߶ͷųԪ壬˱˼ʸϮ֮µߣԪǿ󣬱ʸƿ˻Ԫ˾ųɣĻǿǿػ
쵹Щʸȣǿ󣬼ʸ޷͸ߣ壬򶾲֣ǻʬҲ޿κΡ
һɲǣֱץ棬ǰȥ
ȻԱΣȻæңľٶһδξա
Ȼ߾ԽΣճʱʬ֮ʸͣĳٴη˱仯ʯ춯ס˳ڡ
˴󺧣³ȥˣ
ڴʱʯ˲ҹ飬ÿһţжٿš
ողȥ˽ߣһȴľսΣأνıﻹûõѾȥ룬˭֪ʲôΣգ
˶ʼƽӿ
һ˻ǼϣʮǿߣǣԵõһ
ʱףЩǿΪηεͽ߽ԭԤϵĹлأЩ죬ռˣȷԼԻ
νѲк󸣣
ʱҶǧ˺ʬΪףڴѰҵȫ·
ɣ
ǧ˿һʬУ񽻻һ£ͷʾ
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ʱһµĽݳǰȺʼˣ۷׷ףȻȻ˽ʮֲ⡣
ĹӦڵ£ǧ˳һ˿ɫ
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а˸޴ʯţÿһʯŶŲͬͼʮֹ졣
λ󣡡
ǧأ˼۰˸ʯţб𾪣һ˿ŭ
λһֹϵλ󷨡֮Уֻֽ
ţݡˡšš
ǧڵأóһ̷ڵϣȻóһ׺;öǮҡ
Ǯʢڹ֮У۾ҡҡŴ֮ÿŵĹףͭǮҵϡ
ǧһϵȻɫ䣬Ѹ̣ߵλҪĹֻоλ󣬱ֻǴ仯Ī⣬ϣѲȫ˻Եˣ

ʲô
ô죿

λ֮л棬ҽÿλǿһ飬ѡŽУԸ߿ѡǿ߻ţȫƾǧ˻˳ϳӵһۣ
Ⱥֿʼˣȴô˷С
޳ɣʬȱǿҲʼȫ޳ǧ˵Ľ顣
ģϵ߶ͬ취
ʱܶ߰ĿͶǧˣϾ֮Ԥ֪ΣգǸǧӦÿԱһЩ鷳
ԣһϵ߰Ŀǧϡ
첢ûй˵뷨ϣһ˲
ô濴һ죬ʵ
Ҵţһߣ۾ڵĲ
ûд𻰣죬Ͼһصˡ
˺ĽٰӽĹʼע죬ʱĻһۣ˵ͷȥ
УűΣյһţһ£߾
֮ضܶ˶Ըȥԡԣվǰߵߺ٣١


193 
˺Ľٰվǰ֮ʱԵ˹ճһ֧İ˵Ķ飬ǳٵһ֧顣
עĿһ棬һƽһ磬òϢҪǿܶࡣ
ȻעĿĻ죬Ϊ˶ĹһĻ֪Ϊ
һӺ󣬶̶˶ޱȣϾһ飬ȫƾ
֮У˺ĽٰȽС֮Уȫİ˽ȥ֮ʯʧˡ
Ҳ˵ʱѾû·ˡ
ͣ˽Ų뿴Ӧһ֮ǰһĹֻҪ
ɨһ治ɫŨʶκ컹̽ŵ·
עˣٲж˲ϽʵһӾͲڡ
İó˽ⶾ£첢ûˣΪҪóһJԼƵƷ嶾ݸ棬պãеĪġ
濴ҲûֱӵһöӽȻƿ
Ϣо˵ڲͬ䣬ƿƿһɵˡ
˵ȥ֪ÿԼƵĵҩ˵ıͼҪʵ⣬㴫
Ƭ̣ƿͷӦ
ܳʮм䣬Ũ֮ʮ߱ˣұȡ
öҩ³⡣
Һã˶ˣʱ߹
Ȼ˱Ƚ٣ȴûһ
λױ⣬ǰΣ²ôɶɹϣ׼˿ǰ
һȻô䣡ĽٰɫأǽóĶԷϮ
İ֣еóһЩԵĵҩеó˷Եеó˼£ϡ
࣬̽⵽ܲһ㣬Ǽ·ܹסĻûҪôƴĹˡ
óһ׿ףһƷڼף
첻֪ڼǷԵסϮ⣬ʱ档Ͼ𣬻
ÿһܺϮģǣô¶֮Լ϶鷳
ǰ˺Ľٰͷڵ˽档
ȷʵޱȣʮ֮˲ŷ֣ԵʯǶ˴ļнɺȫǱڣѳɵıڡ
ֱʣ
Ȼ˶ļ治򵥣
Ա򼫱֮صűɽ棬ǧγɣͨ¶£ڻؼĺԽһ澳߶һ
˵ٶԽԽˣ壬ǵѪҺˡм澳Ѿڵˣһ͸ı޷飬Щöߡ
ѾȫתԪֿź״ֵ䱳ϣһɳȵڣȻоһůܺϮ
˶ȫʩΪѵ֮УʱѾһٸ˱˱񣬶һٶˣܵˣ壬˻Եõõҩ
⺮ûôڻ˳
ԭİٶ˵Ķ飬ʱȴһٶˣ򽫽һˣð˺Ľٰ˳飬Ĺʱʣ¶أ
λϷϲĻӭǵĽһ𣿡תŽٺˣʵ
£
΢𣬻شֻʮˣȷʵˣȻǰдرǻߣǣѾû·ˣزȥˡ
ЩѾڸţҲûа취ȻѾѡˣҪܴۡ
˺Ľٰ΢΢һ̾εҡҡͷ˳˵ǰȥ
һ˽ȻһȴԥˣܵϺĴݲУ־壬ǰˣһˣЩ˵ߡ
߰ɣģƴһƴ
ãƴһƴ
ߣ

ڣǻǰˣȻ֮٣֤ǵ
ʮ֮˵ĽŲͣˣһһĲ֪ǳǰ
𣡡
˵˾壬ֽϷ֮صبŻɽ֮Уȣһǻߣѵֵ
֮ȴ˲١
ƣֳˣֻ߳ˣ˰˺Ľٰ֮⣬ֻС
ô죿Ľٰˣɫء
Ҳûа취ε̾һҡͷ
漴뵽ʲô뿴죬ǰ֪ǰߣ
˼Ƭ̣һ۶ˣȷʵзԼСҪһЩʱ䣡Ȼܷ֮ͨҪԼĻԵˣ
Ļ˴ϲҲǼѡ
ǰˣٴιݵ
ͷǰһ𣬵ڴ˵صң
˵֮󣬱ֻ֮УͥŲǰ֮һ㣬֮
֮ʱԵ˾ϢɢȻҪãֻбɵķݶˡ
Ӱûڻʱ˲ѹĽٰ̾λǰǸ˰һδ˵˭ߵģ
̫ˣҵ찡Ҳ΢΢һ̾漴棬ҵСӰɣ
ذǰǣ湰ְԻ
ǰĸˣ컯֪֪ǰ䣿
ʱȴˣ֪㲻ܣһʱ䲻֪λشҺĽٰΪ֮ɫǰй㲻˵ˣǰ
ʧˣ湪ݵû˵֡
޷˻ա
˲һӣߵ˻ľͷֻжʮﳤսɣ˲ӿٶȡ
վڻһˣڤ;ʼ
쵤аӰ𣬴ʱȴǾҲˡ
ڤһ͵سǰȥǰɴеɿС
˵Ƚºͣٶȱڤ˶١
ģе𿿽Ϊ丹֮ʱ嶼ˣ֮ࡣ
ʱ󣬻ĵҲ븹УʱȴгһС


194 Ųս
ϢָƽĴСջص
һڤģȻŻڱȥ·֮һȻʧֻһЩʢĻ磬ҡҷš
ûнЩ綼գϾЩѾʧȥԭȿֲɱԻ첻в;ڤҲһѾĻˡ
еĻƼ½ȴеϲ֣ǿߣи𾪲ѡ
⣡⣡⣡
д˽Ų˳ݵУӰˣδ
ǿٴα𾪵ˣʲôʵ
ʣʣ
лǰ˹ݵ
лǰҲԻ
֮ͣλ⣡ȻҪһ˵̬һӣɫƽһƵ̬֮
ƴ޷˼λˣɰˣ˵Ȼֱתȥ
˺Ľٰ໥һۣȥ
ֽĻ޷˵ڳˣرЩֵܹߣʱȴĻƣڵĺ˳

֮УĴڣŵ֮Уûôˡ
֮Уʬкǧ˴սʬѾǧߵʬ壬ء
ʬԿʬǿĽʬЩ
ôô࣡ʬзŭ쳣Ѿ˺ۣҿתԪʬˣԼܿϾͳΪеһԱ
Щڵϵߣһʱ䣬㶼һ߾µĽʬצ
ߣʬ󻼣ǧ˴󺰵һ˿ɫ
в˵ʵڵģһ̣ɽʬľԼԼѡ
Ҳû취飬Ͼ˾һˣʬֻͽ
ģÿһ˶ѪĶһ߾ߵصҵն顣

֮У䳾͹֣Ĺ޴սЩȴɱɱġ
˿ռ䣬һ¿󶴣ݺύһСĻʧ⼸ʱ˴룬һ߾ߵµʬ޸ԵˣͷҲûʣ¡
ɱɱɱ
ɭɭؽкţеĽһֻֻޱնΣһյЩȴḴϣֻսһЩѡ
޴룬֪Ӧԡ
ԪףչЩ䳾ʣߴ
׹ʩԪףɱޡȻˣһֻֻڻлΪɻҡ
ʱ֮е˲ŷʰģɱȺ

֮Уڵļ꣬ÿһ֧ϣд㶾ȻǻʬݵĶм֮˶ʧȥжֻܱϷļɴ⬡
סθ󺰵
Ѿ˴һߣ˽ľѣǧߣֻʣһˣذ
ȥ˽һȴʮ˳Źͷȥ䳾Ҳǻˣ
ǣ˵ڰ·
һ֮꣬Ű˸ʮĻڼ֮У˲Ŀ
ǰ˴֮һǱߵ޳ŷ޳

֮УͿͷԪĶˣ绤ŵĶԼ£ͷȴǾܻ߾
ЩԼԵֵ꣬ʱһԪľ޴󣬵ڵϵҲ
ǧ֮࣬ʱȴֻвһ룬˭֪潫վⱦȻɻȡ
һʮ굹Ǳֳǻ֮ҲЩԼһСǰ
˱ǰ˴֮һǱ湫ӣӼ棡

֮У÷ΣڴǵصĶս
Щҧһڣȥȴ޷תԪ߱㷽ңŻܵȵȺϮʮϢʱ䣬һ߱һ߰׹ǡ
ǧ˵Ķ飬ʱȴֻˣء
ʵڿֲ֮
𹥣
÷δһԪףһͷʮɷΧڣȽԻΪҽĶȣҲˡ
һȫʩΪԪףŽߡ
һıҲĿܵ棬ڳ֮УһƬƬճɻҽ
ǰ˴֮һ鹫Ӷ飬Ǳ塣

֮УܽغͷеڵֿǿĶ磬ΪԸһ߻߽ͨΧϮΪ׹ǡ
λǿֻܻסٶˣֻˡ
һȴһŮԣʶˣ֪˱޺۹䣬Ǳġ
ĸϣдɵӰǰȥ

֮Уʦߣ׵硣
Ѿһһ߱׵սʬ壬û·ֻҧ׺֮С
Ŀһŵ꣬ڵľ磬һ㣬׵֮Уһ·ûܵˡ
˱ǰ˴֮һĳ๫⣬Ǳڶʵȷʵǿ
ߣ
²ˣһ㣬ͷ

֮УʧأһǧˣµĲɣĹ֮УȻǿɽġ
ʱ֮УѾһɼĴٸֱֳеĿܼʿľͷȴһߴš
üͷ΢壬һˣСЩܣһ谭ʹ
˵֮ʩչӰһ磬ٿ֮УԱߡ
֮ȴɻˡ
ôף
ֻǣ룬еĶ׹֣˲û˻׿֮С
¡¡
ǣ
еĿܶˣ˼άһɱȥ
ɫأЩܵսȻ֮ߣжȴԱ׾Щײ֪ǺεȲƳɣӲޱȣһĵؽױ޷ٻ
ɱսȦˣһ˼ҲСûʹԪϾܶ˵ԪԼ
ֳڽǹԴս׿ܡ
䣡
ǹ컯ǹΪֱܵԴҳƬ
ǿһѣ꣬Ҳ޷á
ٵһܣٴγڶȭŲã˲ֻٵһ
ϴ˶æңЩѾնɱˣЩ޷ﵽǣϾֻһˣֻܹԼˡ
ҿǿڳһ˿ɲס߰˸ܣҪ׻ٻҲ˲ʱ䡣
ʱ˰ʮ׿ܣ˻ٵһʮĽٰҲˣߺٵһٶ
ʱֻʣ²һٸˣȷе˵ֻʣ¾ʮˣЩǻ֮ϵߡ


195 ּ
Ͼٶ׿ܣǿҲ޷ÿ˶˼ɵԣ׿նɱ˴ߣоڵĵӣĽٰӡ
Ųҵսɶѵʬ壬أһ·ôˣ˭֪滹ܷߵ
ʱǲŷ֣ǰѵĴ۴У似鵤ҩʱȴʲôҲˣֻġ
̾һ˵ǵĿռָɣ˵õõ
ȻΪǣʱ˵صÿ˶ܻӲ
תǰߴţ˼š
֪ʲôԼǷԵס
̧ͷ˺ĽٰʱҲ񽻻һ£Ȼͷ
Ľٰǰֱš
䣡
Ȼأȴûзţ龳ǿУɱƿˡ
һʮֿĵãˣǽǶٿҹ飬ʹô硣
˽Ȼ󣬶סˣ۾ɵôģǰĳ
죬ҲǰǸסˡ
ֻɼĴУѷʯɫɫɫɫ
ɫƷʯɫƷʯɫƷʯɫǼƷʯ
ʶɨ𾪲ѣнļƷʯǧƷʯڵƷʯԼƷʯ
Թһ£аƷʯ
ģ
Ӵһְ
˲֮ѹΪо˲֮
üͷ΢Ľٰûио
Ҳ쵽ˣ˵
˵ôʯӦΪԣǣô޲𣿡쿴ǳɽʯĪ󷨸
֪ĽٰҡҡͷҲˡ
ȥ
ǰȥȽû˿֮Сվڳɶѵʯԣָһ鼫Ʒʯȴûκζ
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һ鼫Ʒʯģûһ˿һʯϸɳ
һٴһʯ⻹ûһ˿
ʶͷţĸӦһ£ɶѵɫѾʧȥ
߹ˣҡҡͷЩʯѾûˣ
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˶ȷʯѾʧȥ㾶߿Ĳͭӡ
ҶȥɣƾԵҵ似ǲߣֻǸһ£˽һ󣬰˴
ţкöǲ
˶˹ȥͭϵƷ棬鼮ֵֻ⣬ȱȽǡ
쳯һȥΪеغսʱ򣬶һ¡
ȷʵб
ƾŸоĽȥײ㣬쿴һϤĶ
һСף
ѾõףȻ֮ǲͨƷѾԼˣȻ֪ʲôãȻŹ
֮ĸ£˲䣬оһϤϢɢ
ৣ
âһеĹױˣ壬غΧףڡ
תֻһϵĽɫԼȫ˲С
ʮϢڵ춯ص״̬۲Ƭ̣عΧ
ʶɨ콫Щ鼮С
ЩǼش½ϵ£ʲôšȴЩжӡ
һΧˣֻһЩ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ͷϲЩȫռָ
˵ɫҶջֻǰҶջ˻˹似ϣҲҪģֻ似һݣߡϾ˵ÿɲСϣף
ǰģǲģλǿѾڷˣһʮ֮Ĵ󺺵һŵؽƷ似ΪӰǧˣ
ҲһŵؽƷ似Ϊŭ
һ׵ؽƷΪ޾̽

գʮ˻似ŵؽƷ似һƷΪĵʶɨ򣬲Ϣʱ䣬㽫ݸһݡ
ȻȴûʲôЩʧ
ʱ䣬˽ʮݸһ󣬲ͣ
λҲµһĹ֮ôֻôһ㶫أҲû뵽ҲźӦûҪĶеΣմӦĽָٰŴйŵǵСţ
ȻѾˣȥ֤Ҳûȥǻȫƾ⣡
ǣȥ

˲һĽٰ죬ǰȥƿǵСţֻӳһɿĻ谵Сģ֪ͨδ
ɻһۣĽٰͷ˹ȥ˽š
Ҷллؽƣһ·ȥƽ
Ҳ̫ˣʱߵ˾ͷ
һɼ˳Ǵһࡣа˸СţһһߴͭţϿģһЩ޵ĸ񣬶ŵмһ̫һ𣬽ŷ
ͭŵһĸСţԱߵСšµòĻӦǰŵĳˡ
һձ㲻һˡѾˣֱǶŵļͿͷӣŵĽʦ磬ԼԻʮˡ
ǿгĽٸʱ𾪲ѡ
˿ԷӪʱҲǰĲ֪УǧˣǴʱȴʮˣȫ
֣ǵʲôô˲أĽٰ磬
춾꣬߶ˣǻأܻʵװ̾
ŶĽٰ࣬ҲԼߵ֮ã漴֣ʲô
׵磬ʮʮ𺣣ػأֻжʮˣ̾
֮ĽٰĬˣгҲĬˣ֪ʵҵҲ࣬û֣֮Ҫվ
콫ʮĻƽͣǹֻ߳ˡ
Ľ֣ߵ֮ӦûжΣհɣҼǵõȥʱֻİٶˣʦɨгˣĽٰʵ
ôܣǰڣǿֻ˴ĽٰȺе죬ʦ
Ŷ
Ĵǿ߾ȲѣҲȥʱ죬ں죬û⼸˵
ǿǶǼʶˣɱ˶ʢǵΪʵֲ


196 
ʲô΢Զ죬ʵ
ʮﶾʮＫʮ𣡻ǿĻ׿ܣ˿ˣȻһһ֣߶ľ
ееĻҪֲ룬ǣʱӦòʮˡ
ǿµĹأ
ĽٰͰ˽Լĸվؽ˳գľ·侳
ҲΪĿصĴڣǰڨҲððʧʧˡ
ڱ໥ʱжˣɲޱȣֻʮ˳
Щ˺۵ߣȵҲǸ̾
Ȼĵ𾢣ǣһִͷԤУⲻָԼˡ
⻹һּĸо
ٵѹȣȷţⲻ٣
絽˽˵󵽳ǧˣм˶ʮʱ
ǴгľֻˣǧˣʬС
ʬƺˡɻˣʬеʵӦ˰
ô£
ɻˣʬ̽⵽һϢϢһ˼ΪʵϢ
ˣ
øλͬõˣ쳣ʬֵǻϰǧ˿ųϵˣ΢΢ȣ漴ְݵ
޷ûǰڳҵ಻֪ȥǰָԽ򣡡繰֣
ǧź룬˵ͷȻߵͭǰϵĸ˼Ƭ̣Żͷ˵λͬͭŴѾãһǿķӡ󷨣ҵȺлƳƣ
Ȼһǿ󷨣Ĺ֮оȻôƣ
ǰָʾ˽Ե
ΪһһֻۣȥۣſԺ򿪽ƣǧһ˿⣬ͷ㣬˼
ȴ쫷ϮǳĻҡûо󷨣ȴ֪󷨣ӷ޾ļл֪ġ
һֲֿķ󷨣ҪƳֻ
һԾԵǿк俪ҪϵʵС
һͽ߿Խ⿪ķǱƳۣƷ⣬龳߶԰쵽
ҪƳֻۣһһһΪѪȲ̵ķҪѪӤͷ֮ѪͰѪӤͷ֮ѪΪӤͷǸſ飬󷨣
ǧĿȥôһֻһַΪѪȲ̵ַ
ɱٸӤ⻹ǱݵΪ⻹ΪǶħΪ
ǧһ⣬˽⣬ıѾõġ
쿪ʼˡ
ֻǧߵͭǰóöͭǮϣͭǮһһ˿ߣųڵϡ
֮ǧ˺ߣӿռָóʮ˸ССͷǹǣÿķģ־࣬ÿŸ
ڷźͷ֮ǧ˽˿߼ͷ֮ϣ䴮˿ߵľͷóһ̣ͭͷֱС
̵ıأĸۣ봫İƣǶʯõġ
ţǧóƿһӿһˡϲĻӦӤͷ֮Ѫ
ֻһƿӣļѪСֽѪҲС
ӿռָóʮɫʯǶ̱صİС
Ʒʯ
˼״Ľѣû뵽ǧ˻мƷʯڴټġ
ʯǶ̣һָʱ䣬ϵˣ׹֣γһĻСеѪ˳˿һһͷǣ֮ȾѪɫһʱ䣬ϮˣҲຮˡ
һյ˿߽ԱȾѪɫͷҲǣϵһͷѪͽͭǮ֮ϣ֮С
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ǧ˴ϲȥ˶ǵĺ飬غһ£̣Ȼתżѵߣ˷ܵصλϷ򲻸ڽ۸Ƶˣ
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𣡡
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䣡
ǿԪôضڲֻͭ΢΢һ£֣˲ʧ

һ޹ǧٴκȵûԥٴκȥ
䣡
һһֻʯŵ΢ǿһЩ

䣡

䣡

ǿһһεغʯţֱϰٴ֮ʯŷ˺¡¡ķĶһ֮󣬱ʧˡ

Һ˿ȴǧ˷ǧȴûгȥֻͷڲһ޷Ƶļ
˾Ȳѣ׷ײ²ʱǧҲܵ˵Ŀ⣬סԼתλƣԽȥˣ
𣡡
е߲ѹԼļ
˭ΪҿţǧЦſˣ
˿ңʱֻһǰǿһݣȻǧˣС⣬Ϊλǰ͸λѿţ
ãӢ۳꣬๫ӣȻǧ˿⣬ͷ
лǰ佱ٰݣȻߵͭǰ޴ĹϵͭţغһȻתԪȣȻ
䣡
һ¡¡֮ͭűƿһķ϶
һ㶣ɫ΢䣬û뵽žȻôأһٴתԪǰƳһơ
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㣡ڴʱһӰͭţҲ࣬һִǼ档
ãֶһſ湫ӣǲǧ˿һۼ棬ٴ
ͬʱ֣濴һ⣬΢΢ף
ţͷ˱ͬʱתԪһͭȡ
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̶ͭűƿĳߣĳǰ˻ûü֮ʱٴƿס
ʱѾûľžˣ˵ĿȫͶǰĳ¶˲˼̬
ǣ
𺣣ң


197 ħ
ֻǰһ磬ǻֻǾţһë
ǾԵĻ𺣣ޱ޼ʣ˹ʶǷΧֻܿһǡ
ҽ粨һ㣬ҽɣɣϡ
ҽƽվλ֮ҷɽ
֮ͭ󣬳ǰǿĽݣͨ·ʮ֮
ݵľͷ£а׳ľ±ϣһͷһڻеС֮Զ
±ϣһһɸߵĹ״ʯʶɨʯĲϾȻʥʯ
֣ôʯأ
һ۵ĹڣȻôһʯƳɱⴿ˷ѡ
Ҫ֪ʯԻĲϣƵıмʯԽֱɱûֻصĿܡ
ôһʯǿ߶СǷǳ޾ļУ鵤ֻ߼ʯܵأĥڵӵʶ
ڻϵСȴǶڵصһ㣬û˿ĻζС֮ϣƺй춫ڣֻǸ̫Զ֮СΧһϢʶ̽졣
ǣоϢǸеĵ졣
ѵǵ˵صˣ
ޱ߻𺣣һСĵȥҶʣһ㣡
һɽҲһ

ǰĹ쾰۷׷ף㼺ɻǧˡ
һź󣬱Сݣַĵϣڳÿһ˶ܸо˶ɻѵǧĹ˵ĺ
ޱȣֻ߲ſľһЩÿһ˶תԪȿ·ữΪҽ
½ݣվ±ϣ˵Ŀʯϣֵַ˶һʶɻ飬ǧȴһ˿⣬һ˿ɱ
ϳЩ֣
ħأ
Ԫ
˸֣С֣һĿȻ˲Щֵ˼
ħأǾ˵˵طӡħħʲôǿǴ½ͬĵˡ
ֲԼһֲԤУԭ˵طӡħ
ԪĪǻ֮ϵĴڣԴ˲ʮ˽⣬ʲôľ磬һ֪
һԿ϶Ⲣʲô۵Ĺڣһ׵ķħ֮ء
ֲоǧֹ죬ԭΪʲô۴жϼһӡŵħйϵ
Ī˵ƽħͷų
һ룬첻亹ǽħͷų˼佫Ϊɱ¾ս綼пܱаֲħռ
ҪôūۣΪħĹߣܻеСƣҪôѪɺӡ
ħµߣһαɽغʱ򣬵ڶɭ֣Լħ߻ˡ
Ȼǵڻ꾳֮УԼŭɱħֻǣ֪ӡԭ򣬱γħ
УԲϼһóѣ
һֻĲ²⣬˵ûм˻ţΪˡĹĳڱ£Ҷ֪γȥʱԼ϶һЩˡ
ȻԼ֮ǰļסˣǣⲢζԼ谭ǵж
һ뵽ħٴصĿֲǾĽ
ʱǧȴˣԶеСƲסеļλ۵ĹڣǸСϣǲžȥɼĿ
ԣϲԽԽţҪȥѰұ
ţ
ڴʱһ䵭𣬽˼ѹѭȥ㿴Ⱥǰ
֪ݺ⣬Ҫæ˵޷ǧüͷ΢壬漴ȻһЦ죬
м鲻ǰ𣡡վǧǰһɣŶԷ۾
ϵ߽ԶȻ֪쵽˵ʲô
˵޷֪޲ԣ޲ǧɫ΢һ
ǰô֪дĹڣ
ǧ֮ãʷ¼ָƣټ֮ྫ֮ͨɵóǴĹڣǧдʵص
ȷǴ۵ĹڣһֱעŶԷ۾ĵףٴʵ
ȷδ
֮ǰƳЩǺȻʵǧ˲סˡ
Ƭ֮ǧüͷ죬Ϊ
ǰشҵ⣬˵֪޲ԣ޲쵭Įʵ
ֻһЩͨѣûʲô˵ģģ̌ͷߣص
Ŷûʲô˵ģ˲纮һ㣬ϲʮ˿ͷӦǾŸδµļѪӤͷǣ;ŸδµļѪӤͷǣ
ƿֱǰѪͰѪӤͷ֮Ѫ
ʲô
һ˴󾪣˲ɫ䡣
ôܣ
˵һͨ
ò̵ֶΣ

˵˵Ϸô˲̵ֶأ޻̸֮ǧ˴ʧɫ˲䷴Ӧɫ䣬ɱ©˵Ǻ⣿
⣿ҲɱйϹֻлϵǿ߲ſɲõˣƳֻ֣һԾԵǿк󷨣һֱҸղ˵ּ˵ķ֮⣬޶
УѾʧ˰֮ãͱˣô֪˵󣿲Ҫģ»һ㣡ɱˣǧ˵
ߣǿʶǧ۾΢Уһ֪
һʥĳǿߣ˼Ҹҵģһ£ܲ˵Լһʥϼһ˰ɡ
Ҳֻƴʶѣƾ޾ݣ˭ţǧɫȻ
˵ķӦȴһȻһЩѾͬ뷨
۵Ĺллǿ߲õ󷨣λ۵Ӵ󰡣֮ŨָʯУʯĲʥʯһǿ߶ѣȻôһʯǻ񾳵ǿæҲԵõһͷСʯ
ŴԣٴαˣʥϣǶ˵Ǵ˵еĴڣֻ벻һ飬һôһ顣
ʱѾһ˿ʼ˵ˡ
Ȼ˵Һ˵˵һѲˣָʯϵļ֣ʶЩ𣿡
ǧһ䣬漴ʶ
㲻ʶȴʶָʮ֣һһֵħأԪ

һƽˮͶһʯȺըˣߴߴͣ


198 
ħأ
ĸ֣絶һ˵ϣȻӡħһˣǻʡ
Ͼʼգһ˵û˿֤ʯϵ֣Ҷʶ㽫˵ɡĹڣɽҢҲûɻš
ߣ˵һûмʥϣҲʶ֣˵ʲô㣬˷ǵʱ䣡ɣĪҪ̴۴вɣǧһ
Ļȳȥ˵ڴҶҲڣ˵ڣ֮д󷨣ҼɵõбֿԳȥα˷ʱ䣡
һв˿ǧˣʼΪ⡣
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ʱѾǸˣߵ·ԭ·Ҫ˽һ·̣ߴ·ֻܷɽԽ롣
̼ҵĶ죬;ŻɳǧĻ׷ɱ
ǲµ첻ߴ·㽫ɽСҲסˡ
Ϊʲô֪оⲻ˵Ҳвټ̼ҵģ֮ǰУ϶Щڡ
Ȼʱһ̣еһɽС֮ʱ㿴һǳ̼һεߣǰ棬֮Ķǻ֮


206 սŻ
֮ߣûһϢǿùǻ֮ħޡ
Էɵʱ򣬱ͣ˽Ų
ֻһߴĻ֮ǰ죬üͷ΢壬ʵ죿
ûлشҲǵĮؿŶԷʵ̼֮ˣ
΢ٴνһ飬ɭȻôŻ죿
治ɫһ۶Է߰˸ߣ⼸ˣ
վǰ䣬ɱ¶˳ܿ
ֻҪ޷ҵ͵ɫɣһ¿ռָǹ˲УŶļˣҵǹ볢ǵѪʲôζ
漸ѾŭɶˣóԼıǰʬΡ
վǰ˻һֹ֣ͣ˶ϵɱ糱һϯ
ˣҼΪرˣİˣһǿ֪ƾʲô˿Ϊ֮˵ص
糣ͷųѹδеǹ΢ᣬŶԷģ

˴ŭͷ΢ƫ̻
һ˳ڣ
ͷ
ǿϲѪĹâ죬˹ԼҰ㣿
ֱ۾ԭӿԪƽϢ
ң̻ŭ쳣еĵؽ׶̽ţ죬յĹĿŵ۾
һӣɵľСɣɣһɡ
ֻ˯һ㣬ڹһһϢ̻Ĺֻˣʱֶˡ
ܼ򵥵һ̧һ֣ǹ˶Էüġ
ॣ
üıƣƺִһʬ嵹ڵϣ۾ʧȥ˹â
ǹһһεѪڵϣôų̼˵࣡
һ糤һǿ
ǹ˶Աڹͣ
ղһǶսĲ
ֱӣڣûʩԪܽ򵥵ķʽСյĳɹ
սɱ¾ľ裡
˶ΪǵδҿҲֻͽ˼⣬Ƿŭ
ȷʵǹƺüĵһ˲䣬֮ȷӦʬ嵹صʱȷ̻ˡ
ȻЩֶΣͷɫȻļ˵һȥСӵĽ
գǻ֮⣬֮ĳ̼һȫ졣
ৣ
֮Ϯ첢δ˿ĵģ򶨵Ļبŵʯɽһ㣬ǹһӭ˹ȥ
ﬣ
ײǹͬҰһ㣬ʳ˵ġ
꣡
ڹէ֣ǹȺ֮Уڱ֮ڣֻһϢʱ䣬ոһ
ֶ֮ߣʱȴ侲쳣δ֮ǰôŭ
ǽŵȭͷͱ壬֪һƴ
ȻɣȴҲûд⣬һʼĶ־ˡ
꣡
һߵǹ֮ˣ˿ʼƴˣʩչԼݵľС
ЩǰֻͽͰˡ
ȻϢ֮ǹٴβһߵüġ

ǣڶˣǲòˣ֮ǰֱͬ裬ʮϢ
һЩ˷ܣоѹѹ䲻ȴԴ̼ԼĥԼ
ɱ
ǻһѽţɱָࡣ
еǹͬһ㣬Ⱥ֮УһƬƬѪ⣬ӭϮɱĻ֮ߡ
ﬣ
ıײ˷˿˺Ҳ˺˺Ĺǹһ֮ߵüġ
̼һĿѣû뵽쾹ȻԶԸ
ɱ
ɱӣɱ죬ǲһʱ䣬֮ĻնɱȥС£⽫ĳ衣
ﬡ
ս쳣һҲɣǿᣬ˿˺ˣǻ֮ˣȴδ
㿪˴һһ֮Ļһ
ʹԷһ㣬һ㣬ȴܶ鷳
ǻһ֮ϣֱӽ߷Զ
һᣬ˵ȻŹأΧɱ
첢ûˣԪڿнԼ˲ʩչ˷ƣɱ֮ߡ
ųԪ
ǹ֮ʩչǹһ㣬ڿлһߣγӰ˲˵ˡ
Ĺ̫ˣʹ˲ʧ񣬾һ˲䣬ȴҪǵ
õǹӰִˣֱӴ̴Դ˲
ȴǿսһ
Ҳǹ£Ѿ޷еŭʩչƽǿľУɱ졣
˵ĹޱȣֿȭӦǳĳһСģٴ˺ۡ
ҺǹѾնɱĿ꣬˻ǹ֣Ӧһ
Х£
ɽ֣
ͬʱʩչ似ֻԻǹԪӦսֻǲУ
һֱսٸغϺʱѾǱˣ಼Ȼû˺ۣǽսеΣտ֪
ųԪ
ȫʩչǹ֮ǹӰֱӻǳֵĻ֮ߣԷҲֻأԻػ
ɽ֣
ǳֵ֮˱ɣȴʹͷһһɡ
ħٴءɱ¾
ѸסΣʩչ˾Уץ˻졣
ϽɫĴϮͷһΣûü㱻ץ˸š
ɱ¾֮纣Хһ㣬ӿûƤѿ

˻ȫԪǿнϽɫֺɢ
ɹˣǣȴˣ˵òᣬǵѪȪӿһ㡣
ɷŹȻᣬһռ⾳ʩչʧˣʹϮɱĳֵֹ֮ס˽Ų
ָ
ıٶ쳣ݣʩչ˾
ûκεĲԪѾʩĺġ
أ
һըǲע⵽λãֻǣѾˡ
Ѿʵصضǳֵ֮˻⡣

쳤һڽ鷳ˡ
ŵڵϵĻ֮ߣ˵෴һ˷ܣһǿ־塣


207 ֮
ǿǽʣĻ֮ɫףʬף
Ҳǣʱ泩Կһ£顣
⻰ȴû˿֮Ļиоţһη壬ܵš
ʼգ춼ûп־
ҽг壬Ǹ¶̼ңϰʮأ˷壬̾һҴĿܹǿ£
ǿߣϻҪǿһҫ
һУҼʶһǿĹɣܹǿĹ֮£ӣ
쿴ˣ΢΢ȣ˼˰󣬲ŵã
ʱҲ֪ԼǿĹʱʲôأǾԣħٴأ񣿻Ƿھ
رˣǾǧַó̡
ɣȹһŵأȫԪ졣
ĺ
ԪĲ纣ӿɫȻȫԪͬʱʩ֮ϣָҲʼͷܣӰ֣ׯϡ
ǧַ
ǧӰ֣ϽɫĹâʮɷΧһƬռ䣬̫֡
ǰһɲǣЦˣĸоѤģ
䣡
һ죬ײ֮һɴСγɣڡ
ģâɢȥһӣɴС壬Ѿʧˡ
غһһöǰĳ̾һ
壬һֵصߣֻǣ֮ǵжԹϵԼŹҲԸ⡣
Ǹ֣һǿߣԣԼֵˣ
쿴һµ˰˾ʬ壬߹ȥռָժȻʬȫջ١
һȼŵĻѣɫȻҲԼʱȻ·
֪ǰкܶ谭ڵǣȥ

ΰϢ𣿡ӢֶŴϵǷ
ûκϢܼҹ󣬵
ȥһ·
ǣܼ˳ȥ
Եȣڴʱһһ˽
һԵߣʮңʮ֮
󲮣ȥгˣ
ãӢתǰ꣬ͷȥأ
ţֶˣһ֣ˡ

̼ҹȻֶͨ죬Ǹɽ壬ԼߣѾʮֽˣǵ顣
Ҳˣǰ·סˣһǿ߸һԨȥʬǲ棬ԭʼɭ֡
һ£컹Ǿһ¶Է֣޷룬ԭʼɭ֡
ǰһֱţδ˿ߵˣŲƽȴ֮ľˡ
Ǹ֣ϢǿϲǶ֣ٶǻ֮ڵߡ
߱˼ţʮϢ֮ǰ֮Ķ½ߣǺ׷֮˾һԶ
ɱóǹչ˷ӰʮϢǰ˽֮Զ
ͻȻٶȻǰߵĳ̼֮⡣һ˵ô˶½أӦߣ㲻ӣҲҪͣ½Ų׼ӭսǡ
һԲֱӾǹʹ̣һһˣϢ֮֮ڵϣ
Ⱥ½ܹ֮ʮ֮ģĸ֮֮Ķǻ֮˵һѶȣûв
ʱ˿̣ĵıǺ滹ûеǸ֣ȻԻǰΧ֮ˣǣҪЩ˵ľɾͲˡ
ɱ
ɱ
ҵ

ȥͬµʮӿһֱ֣ͬʱ졣
Ȼ壬ǹһᣬԪӿ֮һƬǽ塣
񣡡
ɱ¾ԵĹɱԣɱ¾⾳չʾžľ衣
꣡
꣡

սⰻȻƬ֮֮ߵǹ¡
СӣҪʬΣ
һ֮߳ǰгһѽԪӿ˫ĿԲɣҧгݵػ졣
üëһɱ˲ͷţǹһֱӴԷüġ
ﬣ
ȻԷʵҲǻ֮һƫеĳǹһ࣬ܿһ
治ɫǹһ߳˶ԷȻٴʹ˾
񣡡
һεĹת̫ˣȻʶˣķӦһ˲䡣
һ˲䣬ȴץס˻ᣬǹڤĹһ㣬üģ˵
תۼһͷ֮ˣµ˷ң˿ΧһҵȦ
֪ԼʧȥͼɱеĻᣬΪʮ֮⣬һʮҵ˹ڸղǻ֮ߵ֮ʱҰУֻ۾գһ£ƺ̼ҵĻУһľͷ
ȻȴǸأϢǿңһʮ֮ǿߣ˵㹻в
ţţţ
Ųƽȣ滺쿴һǿš
Ӱ˵ĿⶼŲϡ
ү
ߵ֮ڣͣ۾죬Įȴеɱ⡣
£
ֶƽĵһ֮󣬱㲻ٶԣ۾ʼնûпһۡ
ʮϢ۾΢Уɱģ
ҲŶԷɫ䣬صǺˣ
ۣ
ɱģ
ҸҲɱģ
˵ǳĻǾɱģ
Ϣͣ٣ϱ쳣˲亹ȴδȻˡ
˼֮Ȼ˵սɫ䣬죬һתȻҵĶ֣
֪쵭صȴɱң
һüͷ΢۾ͻɱ˲ͷų߲˸ս
Ը꿴죬һһֵ
ţǵĮı飬ƽص
ãܺãʳûһ͵˸ң
ǿҼöˣʵ
صĻȻЩȴʵ
ϣ㲻Ҫʧסɱ˽г֮
ûд𻰣֮ǰһ죬ȳ֣
ûǣȫϣȻܰնԷĻȥᱻԷĽƣսĴɡ
ʱԷһ뷨Ӧ䡣
Ȼ޶ԣ֮΢ƺЩ⣬ȴҲûԱֳ


208 ս
˾һֱŶԷһֱʮϢʱ䣬֮ȳ֡
ֻҽŵŵأ˲ڿնһԾ֮ߣȭ£ƺҪ顣
Хɽ֣
ǻʮ֮ߣԪޱȻʱץҲǳ׼ȷȭͷһֻͻŻԪԴϮ
΢ܸоԷԪһĻʮ֮߻ҪǿһЩѾڴˮƽ
֮Ȼһ㣡
ȻԴУתȫԪղ񹦻ͬʱƳһ
ƣ
Ӱ֣޴Ͻ޴Ѫɫͻײһ
䣡
죬ͬʱ˿Ԫײûɢȥһһɴг֮䣬ըһһɴСǳӡ
һԿԲУΪֻ֮˿һɣ˿ɡ
ǲ࣬һС
˵ɫЩأغϺϾ֪Էǿ󣬶еס֮Ȼǳ⣬ԼȶԷĸС磬ȴֻԷɣһ˶ûС
˵һЩ˼飬ǿķ֮
ңҲܸоĹ似ַ֮һȷʵ޿κΡ
ʵǳҵϣѾǾ߿ˣղţһǵ͹㣬ֲÿԽҳ̼ҵô໤նɱܺãܺã
֮侲Ŀ죬ޱȣٴǰһȭΪצȻ졣
Ǻ£
һƥ޴Ӱֳֻ֮Ѫгһ㣬Ѫɫ˫ͫȭͷһСɭɭĹ⡣
ҲȫͶ룬֮ȷǸǿߣ似ҲΪ̣似е˳̶ȣȷʵټ
첻˿⣬ȫԸҲǳ˶ԷһȭǾ޴ͷӰ
ȭ
޴ϽɫȭͷӰڰգ޴ͷײһ
䣡
˷籩Ҳٴγһ޴У˱˿
еƶǳ죬˿ɣֻ֮˿һɡ
䶨̼һվڶʮɿ⣬ųһˣɫءȻԼүʵ֮ǿǿɴӦԣЩҡһ㣬ʱ׼ػս
ȻΧЩ˵뷨еǰ޷ġ
ζУǱܣȻΪԭ򣬿ԱˣǻǶ˵ܽ˵ˣǴС
ȻƾҵĹȻֻܽɶѣȷǷ˼֮˵һһֵܾûôȤˣһֵģ
ߣһǰһȻؿų֮·һлԼһܡ
֮ȻԤϵ̬ȣҲƽϣȥһΣƱˣԭͬһ꺮һ㣬ʱȻһȼյĻ档
ʨԭҰ
֮һ˫ȭٴʩչ似һͷɸߵѪɫʨȻͦѪ޿ڴţƥ
ǿϢ۾΢ϵļˣٴεתеԪתղ񹦻Ӱ֣d⻪ΧʮɷΧ
ų彫ĳ֮ͬʨһ㣬Ѹ쳣˫ָշ
ָ
ɫԪ͸ָڰûһ˿ۼײڿ񱼵ľʨӰ֮ϡ
䣡
һԪײʨαͣˣ䵭ˣΪһһɴСУٵϮ졣
Ҳûϵ֮ȻʵԼĹֵֻܿһϢʱ䣬ԷĹ̫ˣײ֮󣬳֮ƵȻǿֱӽû
䣡
ĵȫԪֿѹϢ󣬳һлָƽڵأͷãţͷҲȴûһ˿˺ۡ
ǿ壡֮ɫأûı£籩ģȴˣòǿ
һ˲˵ͽߣ
֮һż㣬˲ǰһ⣬˫ֳצһѪɫצƺҪ˺顣
ĺ
Ȼ̧ͷΣͷ˷ֽӡ
ˡࡢ⡢ˣ
Ĭ֮󣬹ϵĽɫ١ֳִ·بŵľɽ֮ϣƾ֮Ĺܣֻǲɽ
֮˻ԭأײһţɽȻ˺ɣɱơ
εĶԿƾУ촿Ȼ˿δ𣬳֮Ĺˣû֮ǰһƻΧĻ
ǿ񼼣١־ķ˫εֵס˳֮ĹԷӳ֮
ķǽԣ˵ʲô£ΪԪĶˡ
似µȽײͰɣ㽫˹ҿԷŹ㣡֮Ⱥֶ֮󣬱϶һи߽׹似ִûᣬܴԴӳ
˵Ź죬ķŹвֻǿѡ
ɱɱ죬ѾһСˣԼļõ߽׹似ưԴձɽ
Գ֮޶ԣԷص룡ǿһɱأ
ߣҾͷΪ
֮ŭ˫ȭأһ·һֻԳһ㡣
Գ
ɸߵѪɫԳӰڳ֮󣬱쳣ֲ˫צһĵ
ô־ܣֻ˺ɣ˫ӡɣʨӡ޴ĹϡֳִӲӡ
涇涇Ⱥ
·սڿɣĬ˫ֻ޴ġӭѪɫԳ
䣡
һҶײ־ȻĪ⣬ȴ޷ǿԪŵһʵǿ챻֮ԶǱĵڵϣ۳ֻ֮˺
ʵϵĲ࣬似Ҳ޷ֲЩ⡣
վԪľ޴޷֮ȥˣ취뿪д鷳
֪֮е뷨ֶؿ죬似ҷ뿪
Ҫ似룡Цһһŵأ˳֮ٶȲǺܿ졣
ȼľ
ھ֮֮ԶʱͻȻȼľȻѸתԭʼɭ֡
֮Ȼ죬ҲСԷĹȼյԪӭϮַ
ֻǣһƬ̵ʱ䣬ǿ˲ɭ֮С


209 껨
ãˣ׷½ǰӦ󺰵ͬʱɭ֡
֪֮ƭˣһԲɫÿ£𲽣ȴѵ֮ǰɭ֣׷ȥ
Ѿ˺׷ǰգſռ⾳ɲǼԶľ룬Բ׽λñòʮϢ֮󣬱㳹ʧӰ
֮ͣǰĲľ֪ĸȥ׷
ȻûϢ
ŭһȭǰĲľֱӽϣһԶ
ٵĽŲ̼һ׷˹֮󣬱ͣ˽Ų
үСӵˣǸ֮߻һܺ󣬱㿴ų֮ɻ
˵أ֮ȻͷŶԷ۾
˽ס˸սսսص֪
ͷѲǰɭСӺҪݾߣһʱ֪ͨң
ǣ빪ӦȻ·ɭ֮С
ʧǰӰɭȻˣңҪ㸶ۣ

ʱ󣬲ͣ˽ŲʶչķΧܸо΢Ϣȴڵͽ޵ģûߵϢ̼֮˹޷׷ٵѾ뿪ˡ
ʱɫﲢûǿ޵ϢҲûϢɭǱһЩʱ䣬һΪٳȥʳǡ
ɭзǳףûУľ̫ˣ޷ֱӿеľ
һ˺ΧĴи֪ʲô޵Ϣ֮ѾķϺܾˣռϴ
ֳɵסȻ˷ޱȣԼʰһ֮УŸڶʱ佫ԼΪȥ
һ˿̣ϿʵĶҲв٣Ѫҩȵȡ
ǣĿǰֻܷҩˡҩв٣һõģǱ껨
껨Ľݣ̺֮֮󲻽ԽһЩеĻ֮һҪöࡣ
ӿռָóǸʢװ껨У֮һŨҵĻϢɢΧ֮ڵҶɿˣȥ
ǻֻ֮Ƭʱ䣬˾޴Ļ֮
껨ĻϢߵʶ˺Һʶǿ쳣ʵڻ֮֮ˡ
ʶ껨֮ͽУҲûо׽ֱ븹С
˲䣬һܵʹ亹ϵļ鴤ţƴȫֿţͬʱתҩ
ģָ״̬ɫЩ԰ףʱѾ֮ϸ껨еĻ֮
껨еǳǲժ˺ܾãҲûɢļЩǹ
ŻϢ֮ڵĿУ޷ƺҲ΢ı仯
ģһǿϢӿΧ˲۹뵤֮С
ŨϢʴĴõɿݵֿ֣ʼָ
ʱ÷ɿ죬һ֮İɭ͸˿˿⣬һһ㣬ٲţ·ǧһ㡣
ʱûһϢ·Ϊһ塣
֮۾˲ϵ٣ڵϡͻȻ˵ǿԪӿ
֮ĺڣ
һδĽʱ֮ԼȫսʤԷնɱ
ļǵã껨еĻ֮ʵ̫Ũʱ䣬㽫֮һɻⲢΪжߣΪ֮ǰ֮
껨ʱ򣬻Ϣʴ꣬Һ֮ศɣһһ𣬿ʼз˶ԿһѵõĻԵ
֮䣬ֵĳʹ֮һɻ򣬻⾳һɻ⾳γ֮ơ
̽Ųݵϵһ߸ߵҰȥ⾳˲ʩչΪݲݣֱ˻ҽ
ջ֣֣̽ŸղҰĵطʩչ⾳˲䣬ǵطͷųһŨϢģһССѿµɹ
Ƭ֮Ұݵаˣջ֣Ҳϲ
ΧһȦóһۣϣȻɭֵȥ
ʹ껨磬ûӰ쵽ĸϾ껨ʲôº͵ҩֻ֮յĹУ߱һֶ
֮߳ԭʼɭ֣֮ǰ̫ˣʱȻҪѸʱ䡣
һǳأΪͳǡ
һСǳأǵʮ֮һҲٷ֮һߵȴ١
ˣųɾŶߣҴ󲿷ֶ꣬Ϊڻϣƺо龳ߵϢˡ
챾붺ڰ·ģֻԸһ³ڵգһѪڵĳ嶯ڴ˵شϼʱ䣬ľӢ
ϾǸˣôžӢȻȻľͱֳһ֮Ī嶯
첢δǵʱһ֮óһ򣬴ȥһϢ
ǳ̼ңոյһϢ
󲮣Сӳڿͳˣȥնɱ֮վڳӢǰ
ãЭСߣӢǰ꣬
ˣһ˿ԣ֮Ϊϲüͷ΢ܾ
Ѿ˵ΪӢмϵģĻ֮Υ

峿ĿջĴУڽƷϵļȣͬʱΧС
ʮöѾ˰ö֪ö
Ʊ˲ҹ֮ڣ
Ҳ̫ثˣõľӢӣ
ǰǱûУ˼ǹȥ𣿡
ǰǹȣȻ˽
ǰҲģ

У֪һϢһκ߶ԣٺòϢ
ڿͳʳ֮һǿţ˵ƷţΪǹȣڴɧ
ÿʮ꣬ǹȽ緢ʮöø߿ɽǹȵʮ졣
˵һС磬ʱñȽϿ죬Ҳ˵ʱ䷨Ӱ죬дʮ죬Źȥһ죬˵ȷǸĺϢ
ֻʱʮöѾ˰öö֪١УöƳߣпٴα䶯Ͼʵ˲ܵõ˻
ǹҲǴֱʣøأһܹݵǿߣģǳΪһ֮ʱʱʱذǹȡ


210 ׷ǹ
֪ʱϲѣҲȥһöʵ
ƷеļȣջкȻһ
ߣھöˣҮɺУ
ѪҮɺ
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һ˿ϲʱڳλһ뷨뽫ھö֡
˳˳ſڣڿͳ֮ĿҰϣ쿴˶š
һ£ֳһѪɫòiͷԵһ磬Ϣǿһ¶ԷΪƺǻʮڡ
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ҮɺĶʮ֮վһȫںɫеߣ磬סգ޷ò쿴һǿߣȶҮɺҪǿ
עǣɫ꣬гһɫǹ¶ɱ¾֮춼òעĿ
һ֣һţȻԼϢ컹ǿ̽鵽Էľ磬֮ڡ
߳һС磬ս쿴Լ
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һöĳ߾ʵôöĳߣʵȻ̫͡
ߴȷʵ겻ͬˣ٣Ӣδ½쵼ߡ
ܸܵҰϵ֮УнʮǿϢ˵ǰӢС
ʱĿҰѾޱˣΧ۵߽ͷӶָŶŵ۷׷ס
ǰõھöףֻû뵽ûȣ㱻Ǹ֣Үɺһ˿壬
û㹻ʵ㲻ҪŽߣɫд䵭
ʵߣҮɺ㲻ɣҮɺѪһӣеĶûܶߣ
ߣֻǿߣ˵ֻɫеվɣߵ㣬䣡
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еӰ˿ǹƺδҮɺĻС
ҮɺĿҲ˵ŭٶѪһ٣żһţ˶е꣬˲ǰ
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ѪɳѪɫӰ£Ŷ롣
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һ֮ȷʵǿ쳣Ƕе걻УӶˡ죬УҲܡ
⶷еʵϾȻܿԷһǿ󣬲ȥӲӣѡܿ

ԼУҮɺŭ޲ýԷƤֻеѪȥճѪɫӰٴϮе֮꣬һϡ
Ѫն
ѪɫӰϯеûٶܣеǹѪɫӰ̳
䣡
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սеһɣҮɺɫأеӰȴһƺʲôҲûз
Үɺָӵ֮ʵǿ󣬵Լò׵õˡֻԾնѪŶе˴£
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е˿壬еĳǹһ٣ŶԷȥ

ǹڰջһһɴС̫ͼڣҮɺ޺նϢ޺նʧˡ
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ȻǽԼȫֶóӦÿսʤԷ
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衵ܣϿ֧Ŷã궢սԵĻ
ٸغϣ΢΢ͣһ£
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ʲô꾪е˭
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ȷʵǿ⻹ǲŽƿɨΧһۣвǿߣһ⣬һ˲Ҳֻǣ̫ʱ޷ҳ
ţüͷ΢öͣ˱סˣ
ģţû˿Դi˲ɱͷţԼ˲

Ү뱻е֮Զס֮󣬲ûмŽʼ˼
Ƭ֮ٴξѪǰתȫԪһɳѪɫгͷȻŶе
Ԫն
Ѫɫһ¾е꣬ʱԵеǹڰջһХųѪɫС
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䣡
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磡
лһӰһתۼ䵽Үɺǰ֮
ն
Үɺ治ɫȴǾ岻ѣӵնԼǹӰ
ƮƼת
Ԫն
˷
Ѫն
ٴڣ
ħն

ǹ󣡡
ǹһĹŵľֱϮҮɺ˲佫û
䣡
Үɺħն޷κζһǹ󣬾ҵԪײ֮˲䱬ƿҮɺ֮ԶϵãڵϣѪ˳˼ϸСĻۡ
ıƽϢ֮󣬶е껺˹ɿ⣬ĬĬעҮɺ
Үɺϵļⲻͣس鴤ţʹ˼µ棬Ȼҡҡλεվӿռָóһöƴεƣ˶еꡣ
סƺ󣬿һۣɨ˳һȦŽӽռָȻתſͳ֮ȥ
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еûͣǰеĽŲﵭĮƮ֣ʣ
ʣ
û˵ˣ
ĸŵŰ



211 ս
Χ۵۷׷ףԵ÷ǳİ
ʣ
׷ǹʣ
ֶԴ˵Ϊİǲ˶û˵
һصǿߣǰڸӢ䴫Ϊ˵͵ʵȺʲô˴ӣûʸ֪Щ顣
Үɺƺ֪֣ԭ彥ƽϢԶȥӰ۾Գһ˿֡
ԶȥӰȻĿ⣬Ⱥм˫۾һֱ⼸˫۾˲ͬ
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׷ǹʣȻ鴫һԼڲѩİɴ֮еӰϣҪʧ
ʮԶĵطһӰˣֵĿռָֹ׷ǹûʧϣҪʧ
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쿴ʽʧӰԳ˼׷ǹȷǿ侲սǿηţò֮ܿһս
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Χɢȥߣʱȴо£ųϵĳ棬ֿʼʮǿˡ
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Сӣ޷ѵģ־ܰɣ龳û˵ֻһ죬вмȻ۾Եĳ֮ǰȵ
־ܣƾǣ쵭صƺδЩ˷ʵ֮ǰأĹ֪򶨣һжʵ̬
֮ǰЩɵ龳ߣǴӶԷһмʼ㰲СˣԴ
첻ô֮ɫһۣҾ֪Ϊϴ㰮ߣѷˣ
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쵭ĮؿϮӰֱӴɫԪС
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֮ͣеĳ裬һֻѪɫʨ彫Ҫʬ
ʨԭҰ
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Χ̱ðһ߱ͣʮǿߵ۾Ҳ¶أǳ̼ҵ龳ߣ۾ʼˡ
ȻûΧˣڻ˳֮ʹ֣޴Ͻ˲⣬𣬳֮ûӦ㱻ץУܵǰ
󵨣


Ӷң

̼ŭɲŹôõĻᣬ䲻⹥ޱսԡ
֮ûзӦ㱻ڵϣתֻǣѾˡ
̽Ͻɫľץ֮
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龳ֹͣΣ죬ŭӡ
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Ȼǳ֮ûзӦЩңǶԷȷཫˣ޷ɱԷ
ӣɱҳ̼֮ˣҪʬΣ龳ĳ̼ŭԪ˲ͷų죬㳢ҳܵ
첻ҵܵϢǿ֣ҪʤûпܣȫˣҪΪ
Գ
ƣ
Ǻ£
Ħڭָ
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شսϰٸغϣ촦·磬ȴԽսԽľΪľȺ嵽
˶ɹ֪쵽ʲôˣµ似ǵͼĵӡԹѽᣬܾʹ˷ŹԷǾնɱ
񷣡
ѪɫķӰϮתղ񹦣һȭ
أ
䣡
ҵɳıȥԭأǱһɡ
ν棬Դ·磬ȴûˡ
СӣȻмʵȻܽ߳ɹˣֲţֻܿǱΣϵļ鴤ţ
ϻ˵
ʱĥߴԼûȫ֡
ÿԼǿս춼нϴջ껨ʵ󣬻ûһʵսĥԼ˴δŻᣬܷŹ


212 ԡѪս
ҳȫ㣡
쾹Ȼû˿η壬ܾȻЩģ漴㻯Ϊޱŭɱȥ
ָ̩
ճһɴСָƺҪѹǷֻ֮ڿնʩչʮԪһơ
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ΧΧߴʱȴը죬ĿҰʱȴһ㡣
ǿķ
Ƿڵ𣿡
ǿ
˵˭
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磬Сӵ˭ôǿ衿ԶսһĲ˼顣
ҲʶˣҲδ˵iҡҡͷĪµŵӣ
ôܣ˶֪µŵǷôأɻصң¶޷֮ˣ˵ɱ⣡
ô˵ĸûеأңiһ衣
Ҳԣ衻Ȼ򣬿һԶ죬磬ʵΣ
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ͣ٣һָܣӦĹȵĵӣȻ츳һ㣬սͣҲ£Ȼȫ֣ƴսҹʤ
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ģڣҵĶ֣ʶȤңôȻٲˣi죬ɫ𺣬ʶôһʧϣ

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СӺǿӳȥһ£ⲻҪļһߣԶĴϣһĻ꣬ҧŶһƬҶսЩ˷ܡ

չһֱۣĮؿųܣɱ֣ŶԷȥûռָǹ˲С
ɵľ룬ƺһˣֻʩչ˷ƣſռ⾳˲Գǰǹ̡
Сӣ֪ߵغ񣡡
һƶһɣͬʱгһѵؽƷıӭ˹졣
ﬣ
ﬣ

ٴսٸغϣǹƣûԵǱֻԴ·ѡ
ôʱ䣬Ȼ޷㶨Сӣ
Щŭеĳ·𻯳ɶߣ죬ȻڼռƣǶԷԪҪһЩʱսԪľ޴󣬼ֲ˶á
ӣ
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ȻöԷļ˵ԼҪȻǿǽ˶˱ԼҪԺ˵ԼĶֻ֣ϰ߻ҪԼ
ıܿԷĹץסᣬɱ¾⾳ȫȻͷųӿܣͬʱеǹһ㣬ֱԷࡣ
񣡡
콫ǿɱ¾ʽʩչԷĸоײһ
䣡
ܱһ֮ԶȴǵɣŲڵϣȳһĿӡ
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һĵĺﻮƣ¶羫һ壬û˿˺ۣ֮Ĵǹһ˵üģ
ͬʱֻһ㣬һ˵ؿڣԷץ˳һ˲䣬໹ţǻȴûе£Щ𾪵ؿе࣬Ϣ֮Ȼء
һգ飬ѪһֵǹֱӴʬüģߵ꣬ΪС
أ
˴ʧˣԷֺֻֻֻ̫࣬ţܲһȭںģʮ֮Զ
վȥǵѪܵιȷʵץˣ죬ȻǺأȷȷ˵
Ѫ˷ˣֻҪѪ˵Խɱ
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ܵѾˣ͵ӰϮʩչȫӭȥ
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ﬣ
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˺ĹУһȫһСٴ˵Һס˵鷳ˡ
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ѸϮеɱͻԣǹٴδ̳
񣡡
ǹֱӴһ˵üģ˲佫ɱǹûг̽
ħٴءɱ¾
Ͻɫץɱ¾⾳ͷų


ҽȫһ˲ɱ궼ûߡ
ֻѾ޷ܻܿһȭ
أ
ߵķһ㣬쵹֮ԶصڵϣЩѪ


213 ǿƽο
ֻǣûüվһ㣬ٴγǰеֱüģ첻üͷɫЩء
ȻԷһ޷ԼǳʱԼԪľЩܡ
ۿһҪüˣڴʱһֻáﬡһܵĽˡ
һԴվ࣬ű˵ĳܣɫȻ
ܺ岽һֵıȻĿ㶢ŸճĿ꣬Ǻˣҹҳ̼֮£
ǿ겻мؿһ۳ܣȻͷ죬ͬʱֽϲֱʵЦݣ𣬵ֵܣƽοô󣬻ǵһμôս֮ˣ
ֲȥǵѪܵ˲ûһ˿⣬Щƽ׽ˣ㿪ڵƽˣǱ˴Ǳ
ֵܲǫǾ粻ٽһС磬ͳ֮ڣ޵ˣƽοЦ
ҲǵһЦԷȻܿ͸ԼĲʵҲãңƽοĸоãҲǫˡ
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죡
죡ããƽοˬЦٴ̾ϣҲ֪ˣЩ׽͸
Сӣҳ̼ҵ£ٹܣ򡭡ڴʱܵƽοЦֻѾû˳վ⣬ųеˡ
Σ̼ң̼ʲôҲҹƽү£ƽοתųܣҿǲˣ
һüͷ΢ϸشһƽοȻʵСӣ㵽˭
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ȻˣǾͲҪ£ɱҳ̼ʮˣ˳ܲ
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ƽοʲôӵܣС䣬ʵҲ˰ĵ̼ҷ
ϣiһأųϵ֡
磬˱ƽο𣿡衿iɫʵ
ƽοֻ֪û뵽ķʽҵҰУЩ鷳ˣi·ЩǣƺƽοΪɵ
磬㻹ûаӮ𣿡ݵ֮ͣͻȻʵ
ŴԣiĬ˵۾һֱƽοɱ¶
Ϣ֮˵ûһգΣһٻغϺ£ڶʮغϰ£սһΣ֪ܼܲٸغϣ
ڴһУû֣
˭һŵĴ磬衴δ˵飬һƽοѾiʮּɵˣͻȻðһš
һҶĿֲڣҹ߲һٸغϣҲеţi̧ͷεգ˼пǧ
ĬƬ̣iȻͷ衣öƺѱסˣʱ°ɣ
вᣬεصͷ

ƽοĻ󣬱ӦñŭĳܣȴͻȻ侲Ϥ˶֪ⲢжǣڱǰƬ
˼Ԫ˴룬ӿռָóöҩȥȻŶƽο۾綾һ㡣
ɱ⣿ܺãܺãһһ֣в̼ңǾɱɣ
ϣֻеĳǰһݣһأնԪۣ˹
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ȻֻʣĳɵԪʵǿǲɷϵģԪ۳һ̫ͼӰֱѹƽο
ƽοųɱĳܣһռָһѻĴꪳУĳ
һƷıֻЩǳǿŻὫƷ׵ıʹá
ֻƽοڿն𣬴ֱ̫ꪸܵͼӰ
ʮ
ɫꪷ·𻯳һɳʵ̫ͼӰſ̫ͼӰ̵
䣡
ҵԪײ֮汻ƻĿӿݵġ
ƽ֮ƽοѾûǰȥȴǺ
ƽοҲһս֮ˣɲŹôõĻᣬܱͲ٣Է۷״̬ҪʤԷȻҪһֽţŶԷԪľ޴նɱǱޱˡ
ƽοȴǽޱȣͬʱһߣŲɵĻᡣ
ƽοڿɣеĻֱָ˵ĳܡ
˸
ٴλһ·ĳܣ
ɫأеĳǰתȫԪֵ
أ
ײһֱӽ֮ܰԶ

ҽ𣬳ڵ˼£ͬʱԪŽϵĻʱĳܣ컹ҪǱ˿սһ㡣
ȻֻǿǱѣʵϲûжˣȴش̼˳ܡ
ֻݵضƽοصɱޱŨͫ׶ˡӿռָóһСƿһöɫĵҩҧ˼Ƭ̣븹С
Ԫ
쿴öҩ֮ɫƽοƽοüͷ΢ȻֻʣɵԪˣǷñԪʵ۷״̬Ҫǿ󼸷֡

쳤Хϵļ鴤ˣͫױѪ죬ɢǿԪΧ˶Щ
ƽο΢еĴꪺǰƴ
ϵԪȶ֮󣬲ſƽο˹ȥھƽοɵĵطһŵأԾն𣬾ٽֱָ̣طʺ
ʣ
Ȼ䣬ܵڰջӰһƽο
ؽ磡
ƽοԷӲӲԷƴʱ۷壬ӦԲǺ÷Ӧñâԣһ㣬֮⡣
䣡
һУ汻ܵĽԪ˴ѷ졣ʧܺĳܣʱȴǱŭޱȣеĳһӣٴγɱȥ
ʣµļ̼һǰҪƽοΧɱƺ졣
ǸճʱˣԪĴȴǿޱȡ
еǹһǼ̼ҵĻɿ磬ȻûԪ
ɱ΢һ㶣㷴Ӧϵļһкȥ


214 Լս
ǣ̫ǹ˵Ǿտ£ǿ쳣Ϣ֮ͷûԼȴǹ⻮һ˺ۡ
ﬣ
ﬣ
ﬣ

ײڶ̼һıȻǷƷǽ֮ǹȴǲ˲٣һյ󣬼㱻ȱˡ
ʱȴ˲ˣΪǸоܵв
ȻʮϢ֮һǹ̴һ˵üģûԥ˳һ飬Ȼǹ糤һɨȥֱӳһ˵ϣǿԷΡ
ţһܿϮĵ棬ǹһһҪ֮ϣֱӽɱ
Ƭ֮󣬳̼һǹ֮£һ⡣
ǿǹ
Ⱥв۹ߣ֮󣬽԰̾ѡ
ǹԶĶ˴ս
ɽӣ
ܵĳٴνƽοƥĽԪΡɽһѹ˶ƽο
ħ壡
оѹƽοתԼķһ֮ڻԵƽο彥˵ɫħ
һɳĻܣ𣬴ſ֮Ʊˡ
߱ħʽ
ƽοеĴһ٣ֱӴϮĳܡ
䣡
ҵĶײٴηֿܺɣƽοɰ롣
ڣƽοо˶Էҩҩģʤǰˡ
ƽοͣƬ̣ꪣɱȥ
߱ħη
ӣ
߱ħң
ľԭ
߱ħ޵У

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һս֮󣬳ܱԪľ޴͸֧Щ֧ƽο߱ħ޵еĶԿ£ֱӱ֮Զ
ƽοȴ˿δˣңûʩչؽ˲ڳǰꪺȥ
꣡
ܻûüһ£Դ
Χ߽Զ񣬿ǷԴǰѱѪȾĴꪡ
̫ǿˣ
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ƽο΢һһϵѪ䣬ӽռָȻȥ
лƽֽΧ칰л
ˣҲ֣Ҳһ˵õ㣡ƽοЦһļ򣬽ŵߣȥúģ
֮ã
գ˴ſڶȥΧ˼ˣֿʼ
ͨƽοȻ鴫
ԶȥӰǵɴеˣԸп
ڳǿ߶֮ǰս֮Уأ˷ܡ
ǵһοôʵսƽοЩӢҪĴڣս˵ֻĽ죬Ǽõߣܽսɺսǻ۽ϵ硣
ͳ֮ڣһΪľ¥ƽοİ̸
ʼգ˶û͸¶˴˵ݣ޷ǾսɵãͶһЩ⡣
ڼ䣬ʵͳλǿߵƽοȴƿ˻⣬ƺЩܵζ⵹Ӻˡ
ǲ̸顣Щž޴Ĺ֮Իýʱ䣬ΪǲμӼٵߴȴ˱ϡ
ƽοأƺвСıǶֶĻᣬҲᷢŹ
һ֪ƽοͲһˣʮö䣬һ
Ŀǰ֪ľöֱھŸУi衣ڷ磬ٹңʾˡ
һöһΪǿУ֪µûмˣ⻪ʵڵڶֻǿһЩ
ƽοˣҪӻƽοĻУ֪ԼҪԼսеһˣܡ
첢˽Ǿ˵ʵȻʵս֪ԷļΪԼս衡
ƽο˵衵ʵӦ֮࣬˵ס
˸дս˽ֱ͵С
δʱһ̣ͳɿջԺi˸յս
衸£
ʱһ£ʤߵĪҪʧԼ
졣
֪ߵغСӣȻԼսң衽սϣվŭ
ܣþˣʲôŭ˼ս£㲻òӣȥսɣʱһʵظһɫҵˣǺǵģiϣ۾΢Уص
ȥ׼һ£Ի˼Ƭ̣ת߳
߳ȥ֮i۾˿ɱ¶Ȼƽοϣ㲻Ҫ֣죡Ǵ󵨵Сӣ

һʱͳǵ߼֪Լս衺ƽοԼս֮£ʱнʱǽվˣĿҰҲɽ˺
²£ʤ𣿡
϶ʤˣ
ûǼһսԵĿֲ
ҿȻiڣʤҲò
Ҳôģ
ƽοĹϵƺ˵ʱƽο
˵˭Ըiأ
˵ƽοi˭ǿһЩ
ƽο
i

һյʱʱˣʱͳĿҰϷֳ
ռ˾ųɾϵ˾һ𣬾淽λЩͨߡ
ʮ˾һͷһʮߣòƽƽȴǽ»ڣ̩ȻƷǷȻǻ֮ϢȴǷǳǿ󣬲
Χ˵пԵ֪Ϊڷ磬ĵ
ҲǾۼʮˣͷһȽߣı찫һ࣬ȴԵúܵòΪӢеŮӵĿ̬
ȻϿϢȴǿֲ쳣Ȼǻ֮Ϊŵ棬ɱ֡
˱һΪٹҡ
ֻвʮˣʮȴǳƽʵΪǿ
ͷ֮˱ǽԼ֮װڰɴĽļ˵Цʱ뽯ڨȻԷǣȴɾš
ЩӦǽ׷ߣŮӺϣ
һöʵǿû˸ȥǡ
ڽ˵࣬ɷΧĿյϣվһźɫĸߴӰҮɺսʡ
Ұվʮˣмһ˴ߣ컹Ҫ߳ͷıȽ£֮ΪϢ֮ҲѶá
Ϊ˵Ǹɱ֣Ҳ˵ǸɢޣǴԵ׷Ǹɱ֡ȴһöĵ
վнˣһľΪ֮ȴЩϢΪǿģʵ˲¡
ҲĵΪ


215 
ϷճһƬųšڳ¥ϣѾվˣмվһȺˣһȺڣһ֮硣
ǻ֮ڵΪѪ֮ʢϢ֮ǿ˿ʡ
ΪҲһöĵ
⼸˵Ϊأ໥֮һЩ򵥵˽⣬ҲżģͻȻðһ
Щ˽ҰΧһʮɴСȦӣȦмվһˣ£磬˫۱أױĿ
˱ǻ֮ĺڣһöǴ˴ƽοԼսĶ֡
һ֮㵽ʱˣƽο벽߳˳ţȺĿⶼתƹȥҲ۾ɫء
ܵ˵Ŀ⣬ƵᣬƽοҲ̩Ȼ˵ЦͥŲ
ЩһĻ磬գƽοһǰ˳صᣬǻϲ
ˮƽսκһ˵ǿģңҲ絽쵭һЦ̾
ͱǫˣ˵սõİ࿴ս϶вСջ񣡡ƽοһЦȻļ
ҲһЦ֮ܲ໥֮ĴȻ˵öʵ
֪ɾѾǰ˿һʮĻͳϵĸӢһۣȻֻһ£ƽοȿڣֵԴǼһڼӣûеһᵽģȻѾˣҾˣ
ţϣҿԵõһЩҪĶǧɰѲҪ׾쵭һЦ
ԸǼһﲻҪ̫ܱƳʵƽοһЦЩ̬
һƽοļ򣬱㾶ߵȦ⣬ƽοŻȥ
ʱϵҲߵĿ˳еӰ
ƽοɫ΢ȴ쳣ƽο
ƽοûмŻش⣬ǴͷŴһ»ȻЦŵ
΢³֣ǣˡԼƽοǣƽο⣬ԼȴػشˣѾ·硣
ҲˣϾѾ޷ͷˣƽοҿϵսǿ
ţǫ˵Ƕ̫ƽοЦһȻŵҲϣĶ˵ȷʵǿ
һﰵһ˵ǫ飬ʵһҲǫ顣
һȫԸǲУҲװ֣ȴ˷ŵֲ죬ɫ
ϣܱʹȫƽοصȻһ죬룡
һռָһеУȻһŵأڿն𣬱ֱƽοԴ
滪裡
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Ԫײһ𣬡䡱һ˲䱬ѿȵܱˡ
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ҪΪ̫ǿˣʹȻʧɫ˵עתƳȥˡǶһЩ˽ߣῴ
ϣǿߣߣǿҪĵģǿҲֻһԵĻѡ
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ƽοڰգ̽һɴСɫƣ⻪ֱץϮĻ
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ȻŰû߳򣬱˹֮⾳ߣ֪ǹص⾳ߺడ
Χ߿ƽοʩչзɻȻţǾӢȴû⾳޷ʶ֮⾳
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ҲݵΧ۵˼ƽοɫĹ⻪ֱ˺˻ĵƵ䲻ò˺ɡ
ƽοɫֽɢȥȵڵϣȻؿһصĻ
ֹסŲƽο˺飬أƺ΢΢ӿˡ
ݵ֮ͣ󣬻ٴγˣƽοڿһӰһƬɫӰٴλɵγһԪס
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ƽοβûд⣬˫ǰɣһƬ⣬Ȼ˫ǰץֻ޴ɫƳڰգס˻ĽǿԪɢɡ
һɱ֣֮֮ǰǴιʱʩչ
֮ƽοʼ˵һֻųϵδɢһŵأ˲˻
ؽ磡
Ϣʱ䣬ƽοڻǰ֮˫ַɣڣ·ȼյһ㡣ţ˫ƳһĻ˲֣ڿУƽοĹ˻
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󾪣תȫԪڿն𣬽ееӰӰѩ׷׶£ס˻Ĺơ
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ԪĻ̶ϴ֮ԶƽοȴڵϣؿŻ
ȻǿȻһûнѧʩչǲɷϣƴȫҲ޷ֵе΢һתҲʹ˷һὫȫʵóķâ
ɣȻ޷ʩչȫҶĿһЩƽοһЦ
΢΢ףûд𻰣ٴתȫԪе糤һֶƽο
ѩУ
ɱ֣֮
˫зն
ɱ֣֮
꣡
ɱ֣֮



216 սǰ
ʼգƽοһСɱ֮֡似ƽ⣬ⲢǼϵƽ⣬Ǵϵģû취˭ƽοԪȻء
ڵأضԶȻƽοڴŴ
Ϣ֮վһУ֮һὫ㣡
ãһʮɵĹһսʾأƽοϵЦݣŻɫ
˫΢ţ˫ֱɢһɳȵĻԪ纣һ㣬ӿСģ滯ɵǰ
۾Ȼŭһ̣
Ѹޱȣƽο뽫һ㡣
ƽοɫ䣬ԪתϽӿȻ˫ǰץ
˸
һɳĻڰգſ˲顣
һϢԱУƲֱӳײȥ
䣡
ҵԪײһӰߵķһ㣬ʮ֮Զ
ƽϢ֮󣬻ãǱһһɵѪ
ƽοվԭأһبŵΡɽһ㣬罣Ż
ҡҡλεվֱȥǵѪռָһöĽǵƳС
Ҳֱƽο
ջһۣ˲ƽοУֱӽ˿ռָ
Χ˿һ̰֮ɫ˲ⶫãȴǿõģûʵⶫֻǹ͵ߵ
ƽοõԣһȺֻiվ
iƽοһһЦȻļ򣬵Ǽһi衵ֳս䲻ңȴڳҪǿҪСģ
˳ƽοȥֻվʮˣȴռ˼˵λãмһ֮ߣ۰кȺ֮״
˱iϢǳǿ󣬸оƽοҪǿ󼸷֡
iҲ࣬վһ꣬iЩ񣬻֮ΪϢ֮¡
Ӧþˣ
⼸ʲôʱȴ֪ղŵսǳңľڴˣûע⵽
ˣ˿δ壬˹ȥվڼǰһɴ衣˰ɣ
üͷһ۾΢Ϸʵؿ죬Ȱ㻹뿪ɣȻǿȴסߣҵˣòҪǣ
ȻǸҸ磬ôȻ㣡
Ҳǲмؿ죬Щ˻¶˼Ц֮״
ɫ䣬һiصûһʬˣЩҪƽԼȥõģ˸ģֻ˵ܣ
ߣûʸ׷棡
һȫ۾ȴźϷʼһǰ̾첻ʶʱ
ǰ˵ǵһi˳ϵ
ףiľҸߣʵǿ߳ɰʤңȴ޷ɱң
һͣ٣첻طڣŵɵİʤ㣬ʤУȴʮɰսնɱ
ϵ˲iɱ¶i¶һ˿ЦݣЦݣݣ壬ײС
ӶĬĬ֮ţһ˲䣬˵ʶ˲ͷų
ֻһϢʱ䣬iɫɷףЩ֮⡣
ԵʮˣҲƱ
Ҫ֪ڷؾϲشƣټʶǿҪѹǼֱǳ˵Ρ
ƾǿʶҡײƭܾˣ龳߶ˣһЩ龳ĸ֣ǧˡ
ټ챾һη֮ģʱħʱ򣬶֮սοһ֮ߡ
ʮʵģȻˣȴûпiɫ
ߣҪӮ˵ǰŭ
iҲһãȻ׸ղô£ôǿƣʮֲ⣬ԣûֹ衵ս
Ҫϸ쵽ô¡
ȻҪˣȱǿߵ֮ұԼս㣬ֻȴѹҶѣ쵭ص˵꣬Ҳ衴𻰣ֱ򳡵ġ
ϵΧ֮Ҳʼ˽ˣΪǲ֪ղŷʲô£Ϊʲôi̬˹Ź֡
ҳ罫ʬΣ衺ȻһiõԷʾҲȥ
˵뿴ԵˣЩ˾Ȼ˶עʯΪעܷ
쿴衣·һʯͷһ㣬ȴŶԷ֡
衣ȴ̬ˣȻʵǿӡ
ӲСκζֻ֣֮ȴʮֱӡ
Ҫʱ衣һҪѹԵԷҪڶԷӰ
衴ӿռָһλƷƽο֪˽Ϊᡱ衱ˣ߳Ϊὣ衡
ѽı֪ԷһĳЩӵܣһ㲻šֻиԵĻȦӣֻе֮ʣŻɽ½
ֳὣϵ˲ͷųԪҲӰֳâƥ
Уһܣ۾ŶԷ
Ȼһ̣衵Ӱ˲ʧڵһӰͻأǰһɴ
Ųƴ󷨣
ڷüͷһԽгΧ˶ˡ
ŲƴһŸ߽׵ı־ֻȦӲŻ֪
ȫעδΧУ衵ĽҪ̵ʺ֮ʱҲʧˡ
˶֪ȥˣΪԼˣһ˲䣬ǰѾˡ
һϢ֮Ӱ󣬱Ⲣʧ󣬶Ϊ֮ڹ˶Էߣӡ
⣬ѵǿռ⾳ʧôܣôռ⾳أ
ʲôռ⾳ԣҲǴʧɫ۾ųϣȷǿռ⾳
Ҳȷ봫˵еĺҲֻпռ⾳Ż˵λñ仯ʳ
쵽ʲôôǿ֮أ롣
ûлشֻҡҡͷ
վڶƽοȴ¶Ľ֮ɫֹӦþǴ֮Ŀռ֮ɣСӣȻռ⾳ˣõ˴죬ǾŰ

衵ֶһȦ֮󣬲ŷӰŭɫͨ졣
տʼԼҵŲƴɱУһ԰ڵ˼ȴݺݵһ


217 ǿս
پᣡ
һУٴʹǿ似Ԫϯ
Ȼ壬˫ַɣʨӡ־˲ʩչ
涇涇Ⱥ
ϽâӰ֣ǰdתһɴСĽɫϵġֳӡУѹȥ
䣡
衵Ӱ˲䱻ɢǾ޴ġֻ֣԰֣ȥѸͣϣֱӽԷʮ֮Զеὣ֣֮ĵϡ
켸˳ɵԪһȻǿֻʮ⣬ãѪʱӿ˳
Ǻˣ˦һͷȻһΧֻԭЩη񣬴˿ȴǳϷʣӣͬ飬һ˲üͷѹˣŭߡ
衿ὣҡҡλε˹ȥٴγϣȻͫ΢죬ŭ죬Ҫɱ㣡
Զiһеã衵ʧȥˣҪʹþˣ鷳ˣ
Ȼ衽һŵأڿն죬еὣ߾٣Ҫ͸֧һ㣬Ԫ˲񶯣һɴСὣӰ졣
عᣡ
΢΢ȣԷһ似ΪأȻ˲ȫԪ͸֧ʩչ˱Ԫһ㡣
似ȴþ¶Էֻ˫ַɣ˱ƿӡӰ߰࣬ׯϡ
Ħ֧涇أ
Ħ֧֮һɴСĹϡСֳڰգ䣬ΧʮɷΧ·Ͻһ㡣
δɣӡƳСֱѹ衵ıӰ֮ϡ
䣡
һʱ䣬⻪ռе纣Хһ㣬ҵܳײγһɴСУŰء
ʮϢ֮һгֻʮĳϣ衼²ˣڵϣ֪ǻ
ܣ
iڵϵ衣ȻɫŲƴʩչһϢ֮󣬱࣬̽һ󣬲źһ
ˣȥ˶ѡӿռָó˼ҩΪȥȻ䱳
Ƭ֮iվԵļ˵Ǽչ˺
ǣǼԶӦʣæٴη
ıһֱվʮ⣬ȴԼ
iؿ죬˹ȥͣ⣬ſڵδ˸ҵˣǵһ
üͷһصδйҲԴˣǲңǲмãã򣬱ǿʵĪҪ죡
һȳiסˣҰΧ߶סˣǶƲĻ֮⡣
iһʱ䲻֪λشԴ⣬һǿķڵӣûʲôǿķɡ
룬Գ̽һʵi˲תԪʮɹʩչƳճһֻɴİɫƣѹ졣
תֻ𣡡
ǿԪѹɫأתԪƳͬһֻɴСϽɫֳڰգǰɫӰײһ
ħٴء𣡡
䣡
ǿԪײһһɴС˲γɣݲгһӡ
iɣǱɡ
iƺԪͣ˲ʩչŲƴ󷨣һϢǰһɴ
ɱ
޴ѪɫȭͷֱؿڣǾԵɱУء
΢תղ񹦻ţӰ֣dת
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䣡
ҵײٴӿiɣѪԪ㣬ֱӱ˰ɣȴûˣʹлüͷ΢塣
Ԫ㣬޷ӳ֮;΢Щźûж룬վԶi
iȻˣʵһЩ²⣬Էӿռָ񽣣һŵأ˹
ɱ¶óǹʹȫȴԷĵ
ﬣ
i񽣴ıʱһѻɫĴꪳм䣬ײiϣֱӽɡ
ǵӰȴڳУֳִꪣĮؿi㻹ʧ
iɫ΢ƽο֮飬ϣ㲻Ҫ֣
ߣŻң𣿡ƽοһʵ
ƽοȰĪҪ£iɫ𺣬ɱ¶ɭȻ
вң㲻УѣҶһ㣡ƽοҲ˲䣬ɱš
Ҳ㾹ȻΪһ˶˼ǧάϵĹϵ𣿡i
ƨĹϵƽοһǳǵ飬㣬ûʲôϵϢʱ䣬뿪
㣡iһһƽοȻֿһ죬ϣһֱôã
Ȼת衵ķȥ
ȵȣȻֹiԷתŵ
ʲô

أ
㲻Ҫ˹أ˵õģöҵģɫ΢䣬
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ʵԻ澳˵ϱС⣬׽i˵ǴĴ
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218 ʹ
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Χ˶ԴĦѵһӵܣƺҡ
ʵҲƣȴа취ԸĴ塣
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һʦƵĸƷʵҩΪ룬ſԸļһЩ塣
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ƽοȻǿiס
ҿŽԽսη壬Ǿţ
ˣûiļ֣Ǵ粽ˣϧ
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е˼һЦһöŶƽο˼裬ƣȻЩðգﻹеף£
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쵭һЦδش𣬲ƽοȻѾ֪ȷ𰸣ʵ𾪡
ƽοô󣬻δˣ㰡ҲòĺЦ̬֮ƽο̾
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ƽοطۣ˭õĻԵ
˳˼Σ̾ǹȵĵʵۺĴڣǹȵĵÿһǸ֡
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Ȼÿжʮʱ䣬ǹȵĵȴÿһʱ䣬ԼҵӵԽ֮
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һͷţӿռָóƿƽοУСС⣬Ҫƴǣ
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Сܵһ⣬ȻֵǮҲСΨһˣ̬ȺͼƿƽοУģԼУ
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219 ջķ
ţˣǣƽοͷȴǰ̾ѣ漴֣Ǳ죬˽ֵһͷ
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ҹĻ٣ڤ֮УiһսջСЩŵʵҲһ˽⡣iݵˣ֮;еһ·ϣɨ
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ңŲƴ󷨣ƺŲĳЩƵĵط񣬶Ųֻ˵ǴǳŲ֪Ʒ׵Ĺ򵽵Ŀռ⾳ĪĹϵֻнռ⾳ˣŲҲȻȻˡ
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СϲɫҲ΢΢һЦ°ɣ
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Ŷԭˣiߵ˻ȻԾȡ


221 սϻ
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ĺͰߵļ˲ûӰ
ʱѴͳǵλ꾫ӢϢʹ߽ٿͳǣӦǡ


222 һﾪ
˾ڳſڣмվžŸӢ˲꣬ƽοiȻС
ֻǰȥˣȴδӰƽοһֲõĸоƺˣĿiȴֶԷͬЩġ
ʱ򣬽ǰվƽοǰȻ޷绨Ц̣һ˫ӣȴԡֻǣʱƽο˼ȫϣδע⵽˵ݡ
ƽʦ֣ô찡⣬Ҳ˵ɻҲ£Ƿĵһֹע
ƽοŻͷһ۰ŵ֮ݣûĺЦݣԱصֵܿܳˣ
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ʱȷ°ɣһȥ˼һָʾģɱĵȻҪǹȵŭ𣡡˵ͬʱʱؿ˼iöԷ˸ս
ƽοĬˣˣȻǹѾ⣬Ҳû塣
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ɽһݳ޵乤ߣҲһصıƶɣ󷨣ɴСٶȼ졣
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ʵһ˵ɽ㲢Ǻܹ󣬵Ƿһεĺķȴզ࣬罫ЩԴʵݡ
ˣǵȼȽϸߵķɽһķɽۣ˵ֶ˷ʯ


223 ֮ˮ
챻֮һƻؿڣ˼ԪתƸѩϼ˪Բѡ
ڶϻ±ߵԨһ̶겻ȴǱ̹ǣףˮɫĺڡּ޷ڴ档
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224 
ÿһߺǵͷ­ϣһƺǱġ֮࣬壬ˡ
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ٴ̣ѭٻ֮Դȥʱͣˣüͷ

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üͷԶСҲͣرȻţֻ쿴һۺûǣҲûС˵ʲô


225 ؽ׹
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ԼղɱֻӦǵؽ׹ޣս֮֮࣬жǻϵƣЩ޶ͬι飬ֻսܵķݶ
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Ȼ㣬̫˸УͷҲأŵȥ
ʱ첢ûпƣյģڿ̣
ֻһȵϣһɫĹĻм䡣
Ȼ·ڹϵս̫еս
Ļս
ܽŲǳһȭӳһƬΪ촷ۣ߳ǽ£ΪꣻħԳץǣ˳ȥҷ𣻶ڤǿߴһӣǧΪʬ⡣

һǳ׳۵ĳ棬Ҳһǳұĳ档
ɱ¾𣬵ǡ
Щǿʲôƻɱ¾ʲôҲûС
ĽЩǿ߻صս
ĽЩǿֶΡ
ǣҲΪͿ̿еʹ
زʣΪۻۻʲʣΪۻ

쳤Хһйĵŵǹɲ췢йȥ
˲䣬սʧˣ췢Լվڵڡ
ƽϢ飬˽ȥΧĹǽϿսͼԼղſĳһ
ǽ֮ϣһιϵ֣һʫ裺
޶ɽ顣Զ
ҶԻ飬Ʊ£ʿö
û£ʫе˼ײǶսĿߣǶɱ¾ķ
һ֮ͷҲأŵ߲ȥ
߲ĿռС˺ܶ࣬˱ڿ̣Ҳûһıڿ̣Ȥ
Ȼһӽͼ
첢ʶͼеķӣ䱦ׯϣĤݣӦò𡣵ǣͣΰׯϣƴµĸоסڵϣ۾һضŷӡ
ǷӸĸоУӰ֣Ͻâؿڵġdҫ֮ͷһһɴСġdӰ
·˷ӽԣ峪

ţ֮ӰתǧӰ֣
֪˶ã֮תǰһжƽ˹տյĹԼһͼ̡
վֱŵڰ˲ȥѾûˣӦô̫á
ڰ˲㣬첻üͷĿռСࡣֻһЩȱͼ̡


230 崫
Ȼ˵δɵͼΪ׼ȷ
ƺ׭֮˿˴룬ȴ˺һУֻǡ
ȱͼЩϤǻĹ¡
üͷȱĶＫΪ졣
˹ȥԼ˵Ĺ£Լڻ߷ƬܵĳԪУص
ĵͨͨԭȵĵȣǿԱԼţ˼롣
֪˶ãǽϱ̵ģȫǵʱս컹㡤ߡ⾳棬û˼鶯ʵ
ǲʵ¼⾳ûˣֻһȷģǱǻ۶Թɱ¾ͷ
һηڹǽ֮ϣȴͼ̵޹أֻһΡӰѡ
һֱ֮ӵ˵ھŲ㡣
ھŲĽһǿѹ֮شһ㣬ֹǰ
ʩչȫΪʵǣķɵԪŵ˵ھŲ㡣
ϵھŲȴֹס˽Ų
ھŲİ˲㲻ͬһ˵סһ
ȷʵվڴǰǰѻıʯ֮ʱסˡ
ˣ
һǿߣ
һֹ֮еĹǿߡ
ֻǵ׺Ө貵ıʯ֮ϣһߴӰڣ죬񷡣
һվԼһߵĹܣȫĹƽԣʹâ֣ޱȡ
𾪵ǣɢְشƻҪֲ·ѹһС
ֻƽϣѺۣ֪Ƿš
ˣǽأ˻ȥȥ֪ǷܻȥߣͰˣΪܸоǹٻǿߡ
ԥ֮ʱһӰڵھŲĹ
ҵˣˣԵˣ
˭ˣͣѰԴ
ɣǵٴ𣬡Ҿǰ
ٴαסˣǰĻƽ֮Ĺܣɻ㣿
ңȻǹܵ۾ʹâʢƽ͵Ķ
ƽϢ˷ڵ˽ȥ
վǰ˿ǰ㻹ţ
ԶˣΪ˵㣬֧һǧ֮ãͻΪɳˣ
ûа׵ȣˣˣ
챻˵Īģе˼һֱڵԼ
ǰ˵ڵң
ҵܾˣ
Ϊεңô֪һ
Եˣ˵ģ
סˡ

˭
ţӦһӡ
˭
ǿ֮һ̾еĳ羴֮⣬̡
ȻҲǱˣǿ֮һʲô硣
ɲһŵǿߣһ۹ǿߣһǿߣһǿߣǴ½ǿߣǿߡ
춼֪ô˵һʣһǿ֮ʱȴ˵ˡ
ҺŰ죬ʥۣɳΪʥۣĬ֮ʱ˵ˣԷʥ֮ʱֶһЩʣȻտڲԡ
׷۵Ĵ˰ɣʥۺȻʵ
ɻ󲻽⣬׷ۣǰһֱѧûʦ𣡡
ŶΪϸо׷۵Ϣʥ۵Щɻ󣬵
׷֣ͻȻ뵽Լġʩչʥۣ𣿡
Ϣ
ˡҲûʵ˵˳
׷۵ľѧ찡Ȼܵõ׷۵Ĺ
׷ۺǿ𣬱Σ޷סӵʣ
׷Ķǿߣ۾ǿ֮һҼǽ۾Ҳ˵֮ȼ磡ʥ̾
ʥ۾Ǹʲôľ磿
ʥ۾Ȼ߿Ǳľ磬磬ȴȻСҪȻ˥յزʥ۰̾һ֮£Ϊϣ
֮£Ϊϣ
챻仰סˣȻ֪Ǹʲôľ磬仰˼ﲻۣ֮ϣ
ߵɣ
ǰ߾𣿡
߾磿ѧֹߣʥ۵ٴ𣬵ֻûͻ֮̽µľѣ
𣿡
಻֪ж٣ʥֻ֪̾ʼ𣬴ڤԼ𣡡
𣿡ͨΪţȲѣ֮ʱɻ
ţʥ۵Ŀ⿴ǽϵһͼ̣һǳϤˣΪɢƣһǸһģһ
ǡ壡ɻ
ҹȣֲ廯ɹģǽǳ磡ʥ̾ǰǿ߳Ϊ𣡡

ÿţ
ϧħ֮սʱԱ壬ħʮħ񼰳ħ֮󣬱㻯ΪޣҹҲᱻ
Ա壡
ʮħ
ɱħ
УӦʮһǿߣħħľǿߣħ𣬲˵֪Ǳȼħǿߡ
ʲô֣ʥۺȻ
ǰҽ죡칧ص
죡ʥԴϲصкܶܰһʮֲֿϢڴϣҲûǿϢԲȷʵԵˣ
󾪣ʥֲ̫ˣȻغ鶼ܸӦ
ģҲ޶⣡ʥƺо̬죬ԸΪʦ
ʲô
ʦ
סˣôҲϵʥۻ˵ǰ˷ܵ÷Ÿڣȴ֪λش
ģֻΪʦעδ䣬û˭Ϊʦ𣡡
ʥ۵Ļ˼ǰǷҪȥ
ʥ۶һ£Ȼϻۣȷ㣡
ǰ˵޷ֻҪ㾡Ϊƽ
ҪδǶ֮ʱҹӡָڰеĵλ
ĬˣҪѣδ˭Ԥ⣬˭֪ܷǶ
ǰ֮Ԥ⣬ܴﵽǰ˵ľ磬һǽ֮ԣͷԸǰΪʦ
ããһԵǶģʥۺȻһɻصɢȴûֺ


231 ʥ
ֻߵĻǰ̽Ķͷҵʱ䲻ˣûһڣҽռѧġ㣬úòУǶ
˲䣬һɽɫĹŽʶ֮Уʶɨǰʥ˵ġ
֮󣬰ʥһץһѰ˳İ׹ȳϣķԾ
ǡʥȨȡȣ֮Ĵ֮ҽȨȴ֣ҹһʮʥͳǽȨʥ۽Ȩȵصǰ
ʱȴסˣΪ֮ôҲ뵽顣
ĬƬ̣ܣ̰Ȩ֮˶
쵥ϥأ˫Ըܹ崫УԸΪ֮干ˣ
õɫؽˣʥ۽ʥȨ֮󣬱ɢȥƣһߵľ޴ȴѣΪɫĹǷֻۣһһĽɫͷһʵĹǾͬʱվĵطһģӰ
ϧ޷֧ƬˣΪʦûʲô㣡㽫һǺ͹Ǿ㣬㽫֮󣬿ƾȨȵָѰҹܣлᣬǶ֮ʱҿɸ
˵֮Ӱɢˣʥ۾ʧˣֻһڰǺһȭͷʹǾ
ʱȴЩѹոհʦһ㣬ʦȴˣһϷһ㣬ַ·Ρ
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ʥ֮ǰ˵Ҫ콫ȻӡϾʱѾ֮ǰˣǹ֮
϶һصڱ˿Ȩǵλǣ쿴ΣжΡ
һжעġ
ڵϣ˫֮䣬غ飬ʼ

Զڰ֮Ĺǽ磬һ޴ʯ֮УһųߵĵɫߣʱȴţͣطеĹǿ飬ʲôΧϢǿĹߣ붢͵Ĺ塣
ݱ
ͻȻеͷųɫĹâһ
ʲôô᣿
Χӵ𣬶ߵĻȻš
⵭ɫĹǿ߷еǣʥɽ򣬰̾ʥݱ
峤㲻ɣһ۾Ĺ߿͵Ĺǿߣ
ûʥȴˣµʥˣ׼ʥݣȥӭµʥ峤ͻȻֱ
ʲôµʥˣҹоˣҹоˣ֮еĹǿҲû֮ǰϣ·𺵵һ㣬֣һʱ䶼
ʥ˵ҹľǲ㲻峤վڴ֮ϣǿ˵ʥݱ˵Ե֮ѵҹˣָտɴ
峤ʥѱǷ񼴿̳һзɫâĹ߽
峤ȵ



һʱ䣬Թ峤ΪףɵĶ飬Žضȥ
ʱǣȫȻ֪緢һС
ΪҪڰǾԲܵ飬ǻ񾳵ߣҲ޷ʥ۵İҪ֪ǿǰʥ۵Ĺ徫һ߿ġ
ҿغ飬Ǳ֮ţΪɫҺ壬Ծɬ¡
Ȼغٴͷųһ֮⣬Һİ֮С
ģоԼǵļЩ춯ʶɨְԼļ׵ںϡ
Գ˽ӰǹϢȴȻͬׯϺȣȴһְȻ֮Ӱü֮ƣһò񷸩׵ĸо
ǰǵ⣬ǵƣشһҲһǿơ
ʱŸոںϰǣȻ޷ƿذʹɢ
ѡںļ׵ϣҲԭġԵ°ۣһ˵İǴ伹ͦˣǶ԰ǵһ
ļ׵ں˰ʥʵļ׵ںһЩ޵Ĺڼϰʥ۵İǣĹǿ󵽱ȼ绯֮ϵĴˡ
һյϵٱ䣬һֻ޴ɫ޵Ӱ˲Ρɽһ㣬쳤Х
ʲô
ʥɽĹ˿кȻֵȻ֣ڵأǿƥöĤݡ
壡
壡

峤Żɫҫľޣס·Ǽһ㣬֮仹йһЩĦ
ȷʵ峤ϳֻ޵ݣ֮䲢ûн
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ֻ޵֣峤ȻѣƺֻȻȻۻҪֲ
˵еʥôȻһ࣡
ԵĹǿ;쵽峤쳣ȲѣϰסĹ壬ɻ峤ôˣĪʶ
ʥްʥ˵ʱһֻʥޣ峤ĿһֱͣаȻͦǿֲϣ̾еأԵǿ߶𾪲ѡ
ʱһǿɻ
ǰǺܾԶĴ˵ˣʱûйأ
ôãôڹǽ֣۾һǿʵ
ǵʥйذɣ峤ҵĵһ£
ʲô£
֪ʥ޵𣿡峤˿Եļλǿߣ
ǿɻ໥֮俴һۣ붢Ź峤ʲôݣ
ʥһֹϵޣλȼ棬ȻۻҪߣ
ʲôǿ
棡
½ĴߣʵǿޱȣȻ壬ȴҲڶ徴ݵĶ󣬽ڷӡ
½Ĳ½࣬еȵ顣
ʥ޵ĵλ⣬ܲ𾪡һ룬ȴ޷ȿֲȡ
Ҫǣʥ
ǿֿʼɻˣʥ˭
峤ǿı飬֪û˵ʥ
ѾǺܾúܾǰĴ˵ˣʥոյ֮ʱҲֻ˵ǹҲĴ˵ģ峤Űľ޴Ӱ¶羴֮⡣
ʥʱһʥ𣬾˵ǵʱǿߣû֮һȴҪǿѾɾ㲻֮㲻֮꣬㲻֮㲻֮⣬㲻֮ҵ
ʲô˼ƺǲһǿɻǿҲãȻ⡣
֪ǲףʵҲףֻʥԭǺǿ˼峤ǿɻδ֡


232 ܾ
Ŷǿͷɫ֪ӣǿǿӦǴ峤˵һѵʥȴûʲôо
Ϊʲôʥһʥ𣿡һǿɻʥľ磿
峤һۣ಻֪ʹʥû˵
Ĭһ˵ʥĪʧˣʱŽĹʱĻ
Īʧ٣
ǿһͷˮЩǿߵΪ⣬ʵӦػ磬ħֲ
ڵģʥ޵ĳ֣ʥйأϣǺ£峤ǵ
Ӧûʲôģһǿ߿ŰеľӰǺҲ˵
Ըɣ⣬֮У⣬֮峤ͳ硣

ȫҵ״̬ȫȻ֪ľӰһʱ֮ʥ޵Ӱɢһжָ
ƽֻʮϢʱ䣬ֳһߴӰ֮ײУɱڡ
Ȼ޺ʥʵ࣬ƥ֮Ĳ
ڣ֮ǰ޵Ĺںϣʱǰʥʼ׵ĳںϡ
Ȼһ֮Ӱʧֹںϳɹ϶Ϊһ
ɢһɰԵޱȵƣɱսΨҶ
ΧʮɵķΧԱϢ֣е΢ͷƬǱסˣֹͣԭȵйɡ
ǽ
֮ǰʯ֮ǰħǵЩƣʱĽɱη
ʱĽ򣬱־һ㣬Υ档
ʮϢ֮ɢȥпʼҫһֺ֮⣬ƽȫһͨ˵ĸоȴһϢԲ׽
ںϳɹϵĲɢȥ֮תһȻһԼ壬صͷ
ں֮ʵȻǣȻԣΪʱֻǻʮ֮ڣ֮еغ̰ˡ
ȴνԽԽغǿʥ۶۷̰һЩûʲô˵ģԺطҪغ顣
ңںȻɹǵȴһɹҲЩһغ飬ӿȥ
Բܲˣգһ죬Ὣյģʱʵٽһ
ʹǾϸظ
ʹǾͬɫĹǾΪаһĲ治ѡ
һʥۣ͸شĴڣĹǾҲڲͬ
ڵأ˫ֱʹǾģ㿪ʼ
壬ľƺԳܣͣسţ۵üͷ
ҿԼͣȫһʱĵ֮з˾ޱ䣬ԪѹҪɾˡ
䣡
һ쾭еԪˮբһ㣬񱩵سţתš
һ˸֮غ鿪ʼ춯һԪȻתͨеԪҲתֿ񱩵Ϣ֮ǰҪǿ
һ˸֮ĵ･ƽ
غҲֹͣתָ״̬һһ㣬ڵϡ
ʮʱȥˣʥɽ֮Ĺǿĵȴţûеֻ̤ܵг
ȻʹǾ֮۾һصĹâͫתһţ˵ѪȫоߵԪ
ǣʱ죬ȻѾһ۷Ĵڡ
ȻоԼ˲֮һĹǾЩΪٽһ
ĵУֶһŹջ֮УȴһһƵȴҪǿ
ûһϲɫΪ֪һԼΪͻƣôٵĵ
ȷʵоһǿѹѹ弫Ϊʡ
Ҳоƺܵ谭û
ǹʥأǿڵϢ첻ҽ췣
֪ٳٳδܵĳ谭ȴɢһٻ١
ҪģҲͲˣӿռָóʥȨȣϸع۲
˳߳İ׹Ȩȣ޳ĵطһȭͷã±һİ׹ǡ
Ψһ˲ĿıǣȻγɵ״żϵĹ֡
Ψҹ壬𣡡
ȻȴҲӵķâ
ʥ˵ȨȣѰҹܡ
ܣ
쵹ɻ廹ʲôܣʥѵ֪
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ûж룬߸ʥȨȣϸеĲ֮ͬ
һʱһüͷôһӦûС
һаɣ
һ£ӦȨȣһ֮ͣˣ̾һЩΡ
ȥҧָһѪȨȵײ˲ʧ
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ȻȨȷ˽⣬ֱ֮ʣ죬˲ʧ
ĸо˹ʮһ㣬ΪʧһɲǣھŲԼԶȥ
Ϣ֮󣬽ʧһĵط
ﲻǹһµ磬·һ㣬ǳ㣬𾪵ǣǰŵһ޴ʯ
һȻγɵʯа֮ߣʲôϣҲ֪ҿ϶ⲻͨĲϡ
Ɱϣϵķģ첻ɻ
ʯľԶϢԼеʥȨȻҪϣһֲϢ·ǻصʯŵĸоЩģԼõġ컯ƣǹ֡
찵ԴĦѵһž
˹ȥ˵ߣ˵Ưʯ֮ľ벻Զаɣǣϵؿʱ֮Լ·ԭ̤һ㣬Ŀȥǰɾ롣
üͷô˹Ź֣
ʩչ˷ӰʯȥƬ֮糣ûһ˿Чҿ϶ԼȷʵǰˣֻʯƺйŹ֣һֻԼž롣
ͣ½Ųʩչ˿ռ⾳嵴ʧԭء
ٴγʱѾʮ֮ˣ֣ȷʵǰʮɣʯԼľʮɡ
Ч
¶һ˿ϲɫٴʩչ˿ռ⾳ٴα̡
֮վʯǰشű棬еĹϲϢ
ˣ
һʯ쵤еغ춯Ǿ޴ʯҲӦغĴڣ΢Ϸ·Ȼ̶ɵķģȫ˽ɫһ㡣


233 н
ʱغɢһ˿֮ʯ֮ϡЩԾĽɫģȫ˹ȥ֮صĵ֮С
˲䣬Ժµ֡
ȻһžΪܾ»ɬһʱ⣬Ҳûϸᾭĵİ
ʥ˵ĹܣĪǾµġܾ
ɻ֪ʯϵľǷǹܣһ£Ͼռأ˵Ķ
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ǰĽɢȥ֮ʱԼֻص˹ھŲ㡣
žǹˡ
΢΢һ飬Źͼ̹£ϸⲻ
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ܾһʮµĹžҪݵģ磬޲ݵģֻҪʵ㹻
ѧɣԽӰʽݳҲԽȱĲֲȫԽһЩȱĵ󷨣һЩߴ³Ҳڻ¡
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Ȼֻеһ֣һǼٵһ֣һ֣ȴϲˡ
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תۼ䣬һµʱȥˣͣϰ似Ḷ́زˡܾ֮㿪ʼĥ컯
ͬǹž֮ȴû˿֮ġ컯ôʱ䣬ȴûл೤ʱȥоδӡܾзֹžĺôܻὫ컯֮ˡ
컯ݻ֮⣬ҲָȻ硣
һΪ¯컯Ϊұգ
컯Ǳȴ
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ԣ컯ˣ˹ľģ֮ɿ컯֮̡֮
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ܾȴĹž
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ܾе£ԽԽ᲻֣صǾǿ߶һе
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ǲһʱȥˣվ˹
һоһ־ɽѹԼӿ֪ˡ
첻ҵʩչӰʥɽ֮ⱼȥϾʥɽǹǰİϢ֮أǿƻ֮˷ڴ˵ء
ǰ쵹νϾûаϵ
ǣھͲͬˣڿǹʥǹ䣬ҪΪ롣
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234 ˮ֮
䣡
˻֮ϣ̵ûһһȥģԪֻʣ²ɣûʱȫˡ

غһվһͻʯϣŵϵĿֲѷ졣
ֻǣһʯֺʹѷзɳ٣סٴƤϣȴ޷͸
ʹȫҪȴ쳣ѡòŪһһȴͻȻ֣סһӡ
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235 
ֻԭȱĵʱȴЩɱԪȫò֮ǰİٷ֮һ
ҪгֻܵȵʾС
ڻͦٴʩչ֮Ա㳹׵ƿأӦ硣
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н٣Ⱦ׻˵ǰĽٻȥرˮ٣ʵ
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ھ׻ٵʱ𶼳ˣǱȾ׻ٸΪֲл٣ȴֻԼҽзƺЩϺ
ɲ߸ֲĿ黹ں棬ȻҴ⡣
״̬ͬʱһ˿̽Χı仯
ҪҲһͿģЩһҲ޷ɡ
Ʃ硶Ӱ֮ǰܸо̺һǿ񼼣ʨӺЩĥãȴδκη֡
ƩС컯ܾ͡žѹȲеİء
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ȴ֪켴ûаǣҲٶ˿֮ˡ
еͷҶ÷滨
Ǳ濴ţϱȽͻǸ˴ĸоԭ
ͳȽƳ躹ޣҪаǰҪаǡһ˵ںʵԭ򣬲νġ躡⡰ޡ
ȷ˲а˰ˣΪԼܸɣȱ˸߳һӶĿˡʧܵס
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236 
֮нٵԼı仯ԭǻ֮۷Ϊʱ׵Ĵص˻֮ڡ
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ʱԳ׻Ϊʵ壬죬ֻдС𣬶ңչʮķΧ۵ס
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237 
ǿΪȹߵĵؽ׺֮ʱԶʧɫ
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漴쳢ǿ߽ųȥ½ǹĪ类뿪ǽ类ԡ󡱷˳ڣıʱշʱͬˣʱӦûһƺһʱѡ
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߾绮ߴΪ߲ͬηȴȫ죬߾ӦҲȽģûȷķֽߡ
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ĪֽǿߣûиԼΪ磬²⣬ԷӦǹڣ൱߻֮ϵΪ
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Լ˵ٵÿǵ嵮֮ˡֻڹԶԶ壬Բһڶ顣
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֪ʥ֮ɸȤ֮󣬹ĪΪʵһϵеĲԣΪһ⼼ܵ壬Ȼû֮
֮Щȣ֮ʵҲЩȤڷ޾ļУʦĵλֻʦһ㣬ȷʵЩȤ
ͺãѧϰ֪֮ʥԸ⣿Ī翴۾
ٺòϲޱȣУһ֮󷨾֮ĩλȴ˵֮û
ĪͷתŹ֮еλʥɣ
̰ȻסˣЩȻ
ôأŹ飬Īɻ
սĪ磬ĵصʥô㣬Ĳ㣬½̲ã
Īһ𾪲ѣŹȵصʲôʱôûˣⲻ㣡
һĹļ򣬵ſȥ֪ȫ˵ʥԣỨѶ೤ʱ䣬գ
ðɣεصͷҲ֪أһʱȴ˵ؽ׹䡣
û֮˽վһĬĬȴţ֪н˹̧ͷЦſԷ
ˣʥϡǣǣȷҪѧϰֵ֮ľн¹Ųԣ˵
ţһһƣңҶ֮ҲĸȤɫ
ͺãֻ֮Ҫùѧϰ֤պΪʦںԼĽ״壬ָľֹ
͹ǰˣ칰ְл
ڰ֣ʥȥĬĬں󷽡
һƬʯһʮɸߵĺʯɽǰûпʯɽǶĿʯؽײϺھ
ھƱҲģõںԶ½ϣھȻֻǵؽףϡг̶ȣһµƷʵײϡ
οôһɽ˵окھľԴ
Դϣ׶ֻ鼮пһһʴʮǳԡ
Ǵֱʣ
ھɽ£̾ѣôҲ벻֮Ŀʯ
ǣ岢ûн˴ɽڳһһ֮
ڣ
֣
˱ڣ֮澹ȻǶöҹ飬ʮֹҿޱȡ
̨ȴأ¯һӦȫȻֻռ˲ʮ֮һĿռ䣬󲿷ֵط


238 
ѻЩƺǲȱģƷʵӵġ
ֲýڣӣȷʵǱĹڣ
һǽϣ֣ȥ⾹Ȼǹ֮칤ƪ
ʥ֮Ҳʥۣ˭ȥգʸ֮£ѱߣ֮Ҳ
һ仰Ѿ壬Ϊ磬ʥͣҲֹܷ߶ԱʹãЩǿߴܣһЩñߣ֮ˣһûб
һսĸߣұһ㣬Щν˵ǲ֮ֻھˣɱ¾ѡ
칤ƪһƪ֮ķһƪ̬Ĵǡ
ڹ壬ǽڡ͡սǰ
ֻʥſɵõУսǰȴʥ߲ı񼼣ڡܳĹڡ
칤ƪȻȴûбֻ׼ϰ
һĸ壬ѿһƾϰߵԣͬĻͬĹ
ԣ¹壬Ȩϰ칤ƪ
ľܹɡ㡢ʩգ֮ڣ֮У΢ǯ֮๦Ҳɱ֮Ȼӡͬ¯һ𣬴СΡǧϵ޽ڿԨһ͸·ʹұ֮ɣֶɡ

칤ƪݲǺֻܶ࣬ǧ֣ǧ֣ȴǽķŲ꾡
ֻһ飬ģϸеζĦ֮
һԸҪԼǧľ飬ʱʱضʾһ
Ƿǳţͬʱԡ칤ƪеľҪϸĥ
ʱ䣬㶯ΪԭģԺھĿһѶذס
ղذӦǵؽƷǣһȴʧˣһѲб
ûлģ˼һ֮ǰĶ췽ٴ롶칤ƪϵѰ©
һЩ֮óһݲϣٴذס
ҪϴκһЩȻƷײֻǵؽƷȴ
첢ûõذ׶е˷ܣЩʧ䡣ٴξ⣬Źź;飬ַ˼С⡣
ٴóһݲϣһ£Ȼ㿪ʼ˶졣
Ͷϣ£ۻӣںϣ͡ÿ̶ɵؽţһԹ۲Ĺͷ
Ȼǧ֮һѵؽƷذеˡ
ںڵĶУ¶һ˿Цݡ
ãܺãôյĻţҲʼδϰΣһģ˷ܲѣùеذףΣ
칤ƪȻ棬ֵ񼼻Ҫһ໺úĥһ쿴ǽϵĹ֣Ȼ
ǹܽڻĹʱǹıڰ֮жڶģЩǿ޷ƱЯҹ壬ղż汲Ĵţг羴֮⣬¶š
ǰϣʣƷǷһЩͷŹɫ
Ȼ˵ᴿʣЧΪҪúܶ࣡ɻؿ죬Ī𣿡
ţͷ漴г˵ףнٻõĵףò
ףʧ벻˼찡
еĽ֮ɫ֪һʦζʲôг˾ףݵǰʵжǰϲҽǰ
𣿡ʧ
֣геùһʱסˡ
֮ſڵڤףǡ찡ôô𣡲˼鰡
΢΢һЦԼÿľ˵Ǽֽ׵ݸ
ɣֹľٶɫ伫õȴϵ𣡡
ΪΣôһҲûϵֵ
ڰ֣˵ҹʷϾһλǻӵһ־˵ͻƾ֮ʣںΪһʹԼͻƿǵ֮
ͣƬ̣ŵҪúϧ֮򲻵֮ʱ𵽴ð
Ʋ뵽飬ںй뷨ȴ֪ںϣߵΪ𵽾޴İ
еľ֮ɫϵش뷨跨ҪʵȥôҪ֮أƲУ
Σջ˾ףĻףĿǰ縺Σ뷨跨ǲܽĶ
ԳӦÿԽذ׵ĵȽһΣѵ
ͷʼ˵ĴȻıյĵӦ֣ʹ¯еĻҪɺܶࡣ
İذ׳ˣƵģƷʹȻҪһЩǵؽƷıĴ˵ؽƷ
ļһֱڱڣϰ֮
һ˱ڣվǰеĻƹ˸ԴһЩǳɫ죬
Ǹ壿
һЩ֮⣬ʮֲм졣һֱͷУȽϼУȻֵ˼˲Щŭɫ̧ͷؽ׹䣬˭Ϊ£
һ֮ͽȻδĹ峤ѡ֮һλߣҲûʸʥ֮λһ壬ƾʲôҪҹ帩׳Ƴ
ŵ켫ΪϲĹеģһƽŹص飬峤ۣͬ⣬ҿԲʥ
һɫ΢һ˿ݣ峤ŻңԺ϶ǿ󣡡
ߣԺңںæû㣡һ㲻ǹͷеİƷ
㵱ʥˣһ߷ɵϵĿʯɭȻ֪ýɱˣʥǿˣ
ͣеĶȻ̧ͷĮصԣ

һڿն죬צ·һ㣬ץԴɱȻɾ·ûгһ㡣
񣡡
һǿѹϮɫȻȻԸŰ裬ʵȴ˿һ龳ڵߡ
ʩչռ⾳ܿ˶Էһٴγʱȴվ˹ԭλá


239 ǿ
һУ֣ͣڵϣʼѰλãվԼԭλ֮ʱȻŭ֮ǰǹɰȴࡣ
ʯ̨ϸոƳɹذף죬Ȼһڵ˼ӰצٴϮ졣
ģ
еڹĹצ֮ϣצӰƱˡ
ֻӰ֣һһɴСĽɫӰڰգӭ˹צ
ƣ
䣡
ײڱڣγһǿУϵıоɢҳһƬǱԷĹɣֻ˺һɡ
ζԾȻռϷ硣
ı쵹ɣһ˿мȻʵҹʥūʸ񶼲
Լڴˣɫʱ䣬һɱѹ˹
Ȼһ֮ɫֻιѾˡǰһĹצٴλûӰ졣
նף
˹׼ӭʱճһֻ޴Ĺ֣ĹһֻϳСһץУţȴ޷ѡ
ͻȻֹͣ˹תֵԴ
ֻʮ⣬˹һؽ׹䣬ʵƺڹ֮ϡ
ĴҶʥ治ɱ
һѽڵϣ䣬ɱⰻȻ
վɪɪеĿ־֮¶ţȴһݡݼ󻤷֪
ߣ֪Ϯɱʥͼҹϣ޿ˡһŹʦڴˣҲҪ͵
ϣֻĹûһֻɫľ޴ƣŹץȥ
̬ȣˣ֮ʣµһС壬ƾʲôҹʥҲ
Ĺ΢٣ʥ˼ҲǷָʾƾʲôɣ
˵ţٴѹ£еҲҲ
Եȣ
ڴʱȵԣȥʥкָʾ
ǰȻҸһƽĻᣡ쿴صǳȥһ˲ɲ֣Σ
ɣûлӦȳֹ죬ʵǿ㣬˾
ģһһĵ漴Ҳң
ﱾٴֹģǿ򶨵̬뵽԰Ȼɹн٣ֹͣе롣
ʱţվδϢ֮ĿƵϣһ˿壬Ե棿
ʥȨȵ巢ģΥΪޣóʥȨȣȻ
ãȻ˾ҷ㣬ϣ㲻Ҫڣ
ڣ
ڣĿյϣԶɣؽ׹վʮʯֱأųжŵߡ
ʦʥܻʤ𣿼ʹңҲСʵǵؽ׹䶢쿴˰죬ɫأ
ʥһʤģ㿴ŰɣһֱͣϣԽԽɲ⣬찡ûпʥԿ˵еٵˣ
٣ɣʦ˵˵һ˵е٣ǲȤ
ҲûпֻѣѵĸоȻԼƺڴţˣΪûй忴ɽٵḶ́Щ˼Ա졣
һˣǲЩʧĿƵ˳ͦǵӰ֮ϡ
춢Źǰһɢһʮֺƴİѹ˹
ơԶĹܵɿƣʧȻ
Ǽʥ۱ģҲʶԣʩչһʱ̿Ź
ʦʥй𣿹Ȼǿ󣡡ǲԳϵĿѹĽ
û˵ֻǵͷԻӦעϣôҲ벻Źȥ೤ʱ䣬쾹Ȼֻʵڷ˼
ܵƱ仯粻΢΢һ˼㰵ɢһɱ֮
ĶԾʼˣȳУһأ죬ֻû޴Ӱ
ɱ
ɫ·˿״̬һ֮ڣһǿϢɱ¾ߣѪȴֲ־
ڽûȲ֪ӰֹϢַΧ֮ʱŷĹʵˣԷƿһ㣬ֲĸо
䣡
Ȼ
һȭ޴ȭӰڹľ޴֮ϣɣԼ˺һɣܵĹϢɢ
ǡ򣡡
ٴʧסֹסļ֮˲ͷų
ʲôʦ˵ʲôǲҲסˣıͷһοǧʲôùʧ̬
򣡡ϲ֣ʥղͷųھǿߵ򣡡
򣿡ǲɻʲô򣿡
һǿ̺֮ܣγһԼĿռ䣬ߣؽܵƣͬشѹһ㣬ʱжĿܣ
ʲôôֲǲʧ
ȷʵֲңǧ꣬γ˻򣬽ߣжޣʵǹǿ߿ԲӰ죬ߣˣƽ飬ɫ
ȷʥղͷŵ𣿡ǲʵ
ģָоûɫ΢أʥʮ֣ƺִ̺֮ɱ¾лплߣ⡭ѵǴ˵еġ
΢΢ͣ٣³ĸ֣򣡡
ʲôǽ򣿡Ź̬ǲɻ
Ϊֲרڴ˵ǿߵ򣬼Ϊ򣡡ԽԽϣҪٴθһ
ʵͷųֻǲ²ǽԼҲܿ϶ΪǴ˵еĴڣûм
ǰʥ۵İҲֻͨǰжѣԶԶﲻˮ׼
ǲҲ˵ˣʦ飬ٶʣŵ
ɺֹ֣һɵģôͻȻǿˣһǴ
ٴڿն𣬻졣
飡
Ȼ壬ոոܵƵãٴϮĹͷųֻŴ֮ƣɵķΧ


240 ɱһӰ
֮Уһ˲ɵĹڽǰɷΧ֮ʱȴ࣬Ĺܵѹơ
ħٴءɱ¾
Ĺ֮ʱĺʱǰɱ¾Ϣϯȥ
䣡
ҵײͷųɢϾո򣬶䲢ϤҲ̫⡣
ãĹһɣǹȴ࣬ңǹǿɱ¾ϢڶԷϣʹҲܵ
ܣܣ㲻ôǿһǴʹթܴ죬Щң˻
ԶĹĬѾ϶ԼĲ룬ȴѾ򣬶ǽ
飬һ˿⣬ҲȶԷȳֻ֣ɴϽɫƣץ˹
ħٴء𣡡
ͬʱҲȥһɻߵϢУ޴Ľɫѹ˹⾳˲ͷţŻ⾳һƲɵĸо
ܵǿĹæӦԣ˫ֶϮֻֻ
Ѿ̣
ǿĹʩչȻǿ󣬵״̬µĻػĹЩңˣɱһ֡
ûܵƣ
䣡
һ죬񱩵г֣ĻɳʮɴСɳ籩γɣʮϢ֮󣬲ɢ
۶սߣ֮࣬һΪ
֮䣬һɴСĿӳ֣ۿĹ͹ǲ죬𾪲ѣСĶԿȷʵעĿ
챾һһˣԽսֶβսǿᣬѾ֮봫˵еЩ鵽һˡ
Ҳǹţ츳ΪֽĹһУǰУֻǿϧ˲ˡĴ
죬ô۾ǰ
صĹսҵϣֻȫԸʤ֮ǲɫأʥҿ͸ȥսһԽһʤֻսƽǽ֮ǰЩֶʩչֻܵķݣ
Բ޵Ҹҿ϶ʥذɣʩչ򣡡ɫׯأ
ǲĬˣʦĻеıȲ졣
ͦڳУԶĹޱϲɫĮǿһǰĴӣ漴죬ãڴ˴Ҳڿ㣡⣡
ûػż㣬ڿնڴϿգʮָɣ˲ʨӡ
ӿʮɽӰϽ֮ҫׯϣǰdֹâʢӰڷӰͷת
־˲ʩչԶǿĹһĤݵĸо
ӣţôأǷڵϾʥѵ
һ²⣬ЩʱѾߵ㣬ѹŹ޴ǹӡƾճ֣һ޴Ͻɫƣġdָȥ
Ѿ˹׼ֻʮɾ޴ƣȻЩ£һ뵽֮սֻʤ߲ſɻȥʹԼǿ

һɺɫγһ޴ĺɫã޴ĹצץϽɫľ֡
䣡
ɫñϽסɢޣϽֵĹϮ˹
꣡
һѵ𣬽֮֮ǰײԺԣȴ˹ۿߵע⡣
ˣûҩûһΪǿˣ޷ָģ
ֻ֫ϸСƣ߹ǣȫѣڵϣţȴǺ졣
ǷˣĴ󣬹û˭ˣʦһףҲҴ
ǰߵĵطŹôս޷սֻ·һ
Ȼڵ״̬Ҷмɱ㣡
ŹңŹңʱŸоޱߵĿ־壬Ҳ޷ʶĿ־壬ߵá
ˣ첻ȥ죬㻹Լһ׵ĵӣǹſδ峤ߣݡ
ǣһȴʧˣһжǰ֮ɵģޣԹȴ¶죬ŵϣ
ңߣɱһתǰ뽫̷ôɣ
͹ǲʱղŵս֮Уֱ֮ʱŻع˹
ɱԭ뽫͵Ǿս֮ȴ֪ȥ
þ
ֻǼ̵³ĸ֣㿴˹ǲ죬λǣ
Ǻǣͽᵽģһĸղŵ֮ɫЦŵ
Īǲʦ֣
ǲʥǲǰ
ʦֲˣҵƽ۽ǣڰ֣΢Цŵ
һ£Ҵȥ̷ãһָϵĹ
ʱȴ㲻ܴȥ̷ãһ״ӣҪʦ𣡡
֮˭Ҳ޷飡ʦΣʥѾǴˣҴɱ̷öǶĿˡңң
ʱѾˣһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ죬㣬޾֮£

󵨣
ͬʱʦͽɱǹƺҪˡ
ֹľٶŵϵĹصףκβң
漴֣ʾｫߡ
ֹסŭס˹˲ʧԭء
Źǲ죬˱ڣ̸
ǲǹǧеţѾǹؽ۷ˡ
岻ͬһҪǧʱ䣬ǲĹߣ൱֮ߡ
ʮ龳ߣ½֮УҲ
ǲ콲Լ½ţǲǸǽһЩ¼оһЩȥ
ʥ֮Զһ޴ʯϿȣޣ͵ȼߵȼĶУһЩȹǺĴڡ
̸ʱ͹ǲȻ
ǲ첢ǹͬʱһأţ侲ǻ۵Ĺߡ
ߣȴЩŲֽţϾֶλ϶ɱеģûɱıȶĹ
ɱ¾֮֮֮֮ĴÿһֶǾǿҵɱ֮⣬ԴǿȣִˣĹҲȻȻˡ


241 սꪲ
ģ
ָ
񣡡
黨ָ
նף
Ħڭָ
ǣ
ָ

սǰغϣһֱ·磬ǲս
սĳĽսѳ뻯û˿ڣȴʹùǲ̾
Ĺ壬ҲǱȽǿʣӲ̶ȳͨߣսҲǹ߱رֶ֮һĵǸǲһʵģ塣
Ҽսõߣ֮ͣ󣬹ǲ̾νһĹ֮УʵŽǰʮ
ԣ治ɫȴǳһʵȻȶսǲ죬ʵսſɱԷ
ǲôһ˵Щˡ
ʦǷһ쿴ǲ죬ɻ
ôֻǾڵڶν֣֣ǳ׵׵սܣǲ뵽ꡣ
һɻ˭
һɢޣһҪС꣬Ҵͬһ磬սȴǿ쳣ǲп
ţӦյʥ֮УϤδ˹üͷ΢
ǼһɹˣԼҲ뷨Ҳ˵ʥҹǱܾˣǲҡҡͷ
ʲô֣
ѩδ룡
ѩδ룡
ʫְ
ĵһоЩĽ̷ֻ̫࣬ǲȴһߣ֡
ֲ̾
֣Ǻǣʱ򣬱֪ôһˣǲ΢΢һЦָ
ǲôһ˵쵹ѩδ룬Ǻηʥ
ǲ뿪о칤ƪ֮ڶ죬ˣϢ
Ϊ˾һЩ֮ˣ̷ýΪп̷ճɻҡ
ЩʥĹߴʱȴ¶ˣԶĬһףִ̣˹
Ƚ⣬ϾԼʥΪȨǶ԰ʥ۵ĳŵǷʲôֻǷʥ۶ѡ
ǵҲҪɣɱʥк塣
ʱǺ͹ǲһģһЩϣΪǲһѺõıͬʱҲʾԼ֮С
ǲΪϲıꪣǰһսꪣǴӶġڽ죬ǹ޵Ĺ
˳֣ꪣԹǲ˵ٳֲڸñƷײߣ֮󣬱޷޲
ǣŵռ㹻ĲϺ󣬻ΪһѸƷ׵սꪡ
תۼȥˣһϰսꪵ˵ıЩִҪñսʱ򣬳Ȼսܹͣ鷢Լѧ
սԵðְţ졣
׼꣬һѹǲܹʹõսꪵĲϣ㹻ġ
ңǰڣҲ׼๤
ģߣǰ׼ʹƫõսꪵ״һģߡ
ǲϲ֦ꪣԭͱսꪣìϣȻС̸֦ꪴΣʹ֮ۡ
ʵꪵַʽһ׺еʽǶһһͬΪһɡ
ǰ췽㣬ꪵĴûкߺáΪһȻˣʹȴǼΪ
óģߣɳǲ·𿴵Լսꪼһ㣬˷ܵĹâ
ӿռָó˼ֲϣ쿴ȥֱ֮̾
ǳɰྦྷͭվԴȫ켶ϡԴãһھɽԹʵҲ
ֲϾѰˡǳɰվ֮Уֻżʯڴ֮ϡྦྷֻͭڻɽصſҵõ
Щ϶Ǽѻõģϧޱȡ
ʥΪ˱֤սꪵƷߵߵ㣬Ҫİ׼֮󣬹ת
û⣬Ըǣͷᴿͽң
ͷѡ˼ֲϣֳɼ֡
ˣ
ǰͷţմ򽫲¯ϱߡ
漴˵ףʼڻǳɰǳɰۻΪҺ֮һʱ޳Ҳͷų
ţ콫һΪģ¶ȵı仯ͬʱᴿֲϡһԹۿĹͷıּΪ⡣
ᴿʱ伫ҲΪȷϵľȡ
ʱ֮еĲ϶ΪҺ壬ʱ㿪ʼںϲϡ
һѶȼĹȻɹɣʱȴ˿͡
վںǳɰǳྦྷͭΪԱȽϺãԴΪڶΨһĲϣͬʱҲǿеǿȡ
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Ŵ֮Ϊ칤ǡ칤ƪеΪĴ֮ⲻҪȥ򣬻ҪһķϰҵŴľϡ
ǼȥˣǧɣսѾȫͣȣϿྫΣǻԼۡ
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ˣҺǳõȴ֮ǿеԺǿȡ
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һһѹƷսꪳڱڣ֮Уеǳǳ֮ɫȼŵĻ档


242 ̷
Ӧ￴͹ǲ죬
ǲȫϲ֮УڹĻûע⵽˼Ƭ̣ͽвɣ
ãꪣͽвꪣͷŹǲлʥ
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ǲӹꪣһأ뿪˱ڣʯֵĿյϣػ
ꪸǹһǹΪһֺشΪ
ԣʹսꪵʱǧĪҪŮ廨һ㣬ɣ鶯
ǲꪷʲô似Լϰߵʹ÷ɣĿǰľ磬Ǹһ似ࡣ
սꪳɣǲȫУվһԵĹ죬ֱʱ֮ͣ죬֮ҪȻȻ
֮ã쿴ԷսꪣҲġ
գռָǹ˲С
ǹֵһɲǣﾪеԣֻǰգգ
漴죬ʥɷҿǹ
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ǹܲһ㣬к񼶲ϣɽħ𣡡ɫЩҲԵü١
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ħʱħսѪħѪ뵽񼶽ʯУݱһ־ǿҴϢĽҲǷǳĲϣ
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ˣҡҡͷӦúıѪ㲻ܼ츳£˵Խ֮ĳ̶ȣ

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Ϊǿı˵ɫ֮⡣
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˼άͣ߱ħ֮ϣǹǽΪֲĵطǾǿߵĽأĽأǿ޵У̤ǽ֮ݺᣬȴҿǸطǧɡ


243 ս
߱ħأӹǿǨ㵽ǽ֮ʱѾڣʮ־Զ
˵߶޷УƺһС硣

һս֮󣬹ǲЩƣڵϣȴʯ֮ϣ֮ϸղŵսܽһЩš
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˵֮󣬱ֱӵ֨֨ؽˡ
ĿռָмǧƷʯԹ˵Ƿޱȵıء


244 
һĹòϾһò󣬵ǧƷʯһͲһˣǿüѸ
һ£ֱóһռָǧƷʯݵǲУҸһĻᣬȥ󽫴ｻ峤Ҳ͸ļ񣡡
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ϾԼһ壬еʥ߲㶼Ī͹ӵԼ˾ٶһЩ߲ȻĬĵ׶ԼʥǷǳִġ
Ѿ꣬ϰʲô޹ˡ
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ŵķˣҪ̫ͼˣֻҪһѡʲô⣬˵һ·ǽռָе·͸սҲԸ⡣
һ¹սģȻԷһãǴ׳Ĺȫ·ԵõĿɣսǲһߣ߰Դ·
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ʱĹսʵϸ۲죬Էֲǹ壬ںɫеĸо·𿴵վԼǰǣսԱǿ󣬶һǿһǰ㡣
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֮а̾ǲȻԼ뷨ߣһΪ
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㣡

һ·Ӱɱޣмֻǵؽ׹ޣõĹǾȫָ˹ս͹ǲ졣
ǰ޺۹˵ļϵص㣡սͣ½Ųָǰ
е޺۹ǣǹ꾫ӢߵĹ޺ۡ
ӹǲе֪꾫Ӣÿʮ䶯һΣǰʮĻ϶Ǽߡ
ѩδһɧռݵһǲλӵڶڵԺʱᷢһЩ䶯
Ŀǰǹνڵĵǹսڵǹ飬ڵսĹ޺۹ǹ޺ۡ
Լսģǹ޺ۣν͹徫Ӣ
ʶչʮｮ޺һЩǿĹߣойǽڡ
ǣǰʮﴦһǧﷶΧûһֻ޻һߡ
һɹϢƺĳϵһֵĸо˵


245 徫Ӣ
ʲôط
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ָȥǲɻ󣬱㻻һصɫʵԶ
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ΪǿᣬչʾԼʵûпǧɣ㱻һĪϢˣæ֮ʣ˹ǽͨʹùǿ޷뿪ǽ磬ѰԴ
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˵ǿϢ糱һӿѹ޵ϣԭֱͦˣʱȴԽ
СŴʱǰȵǸҴļ
ǿжסǿѹСţвңƾһɢޣ鷳Ҷңʦɱ㣡
С΢΢һҲŲأǸ
üͷ΢壬صʦ˭
ǲɫ΢ҵǺ
ɻˣʥĹǺȻ٣ǵȴû˵мҵǺ
еɻ󣬹ǲҵǺʥԱɢޣԳһС
Ŷüͷ΢˼Ƭָ̣Сŵ죬ʶĵһߣȡģҹѹҽǰͽʦܣʥӻ


246 ˫ս
һˣ߶Ľѡ
ǿĵڶǿߣʵñ̤ǾΪĵӣ˭Ը⡣
Сȴ˼սǰлʥ
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޴ʱȴЩˣԭżҵǺ֣Լ裬һ仰ȴֱԼƣеĺ⽥Ũ
Ǹ
ʱѾ˵ˣĹ궼˹ȵ
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ǣսʶԼ⣬æĿڣԣԣСսҳôδôʵս
˵ֹ֮СսôоԼȻǼͷˣ
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ֻƿеĴԪϡǧϵģһδԪǧ֮У˵ĳޣ޷õöġ
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˵ţӿռָóһɫСƿɭɭЦˣֵϳˣ

볤սʱһߴĹվڰұ͹ϣϢ·ұΪһˣϸؿ·ս
һǲȹĹ꣬Ϣȴȹǲǿ󼸷֣ҲҪȹǲ߳һͷ­еֲɣǰĹӦе飬Ǿߡ
ڹĪУҲҲɫ
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249 ޳Ϯ
֮ڹѾˣ߱ħѾǵĺˡ
ԽʯϿȣоֵĿֲϢʤ
ǰңǿĹޣֻʱ·ȽϰȫϾһ·ɨĹ޼ɨˣѵֻǸ𣬹ЩһѾŵӰ
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ھ˸֮صĺһǧɣһɸߵʯɽϣһʯС
ˣóһɫƿһ֮󣬿ߵ֮غ뿪ķɭɭصףһ֮
ֻοƿһӣһɫķĩڿУâһϢһۼʮɴСĿռС
޹ٴһӣӿɹɹ磬ЩƷĹɢ˹ǲߵ֮غ뿪ķ
ʮϢɢɢǧɷΧʮϢ󣬰ﷶΧĿж˹ɢϢ
˵νɢʲôƷʵģôôɢˣսν
Ʒѣνɫɻ󣬻ӦЩԾϢ϶ƷĹɢҿƷɢ
ƷɢôƷɢ㲻˵ƿװƷ𣿡սɻ
ӦòҵĹɢν˼һӦʥԼİɣ
ʥģսɻˣֹʥʲôʱйɢˣ֮ǰҹɢʲôأ
漴ǲķ򣬵죬ûиоʲôף
һ㣬νһﾹȻ˽ôƷʵĹɢϿȵĹ޶ˣǲɫأʥˣûмʱƹɢɢ鷳ˣ
죬ҵ˼ʥûйɢ
ûУʥôⶫӦǵһμŶԣǲɻˡ
ν˵ĹɢƷģʥĸƷʹɢսЩ꣬æ
ʲôⲻνĶ˭ģǲ󾪣ʶɨڹ꣬˭ϴ˸ƷʵĹɢ
ɻʱ¥ǿǲ죬ƷʵĹɢⱲӶûмأǰǼһҴ˵ҵǺһƿƷɢ֪д£
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ʥ

ȻǱ˾Űɺ󣬱ŵһɼΪŨˬ
ʲôζĪҩɣ
첢ûŹɢϢ֮ǰյ֮ʱЩĹɢνʶţ޷ӷ
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ʶԣԭطء
ʮϢ㿴˳񱼶λꡣ
ʥӣмˣĳޣɱ֮ǲţ
ʱѾˣʱķķǿĹϮвٿֲĴڣ쿴ѾǱȼǽĴڡ
ΪֲǣоȻֻȹ˧Ĺޡ
ߣ
һָʱ򣬴ȵǺʩչ˱ѧ磬ʱķš
ھŵӰ棬СŵٶΪûѧĶΪͨ似Һٶȹ죬ץסֱۣʧӰ
ǣѾǵӰǧֲֻĹΧ׷½أľŵӰֻ̾룬֪Ӧԡ
ǰߵ·ҲǿĹޱһֿӣɢǵע
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ŵӰֳ飬죬Сź͹ǲһ飬ǰ
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޺죬ֳ֮󣬹޵ĿƺҲ˱仯ģҲγ飬׷ȥ
һʱ׷˽ֻޣʶɨ̽鵽ֻǽĴڣһֻΪǿĴڣӦǿȹ˧Ĵˡ
Уȥǻ޿ڣɫأٴݺύʯϿУԵӰֿСĿ꣡
УСˣһǲ켱æֹȴĻҵģĿ̫ˣױһѶ˵ģ
ͣ٣ŵֿҪǺ׷ϣʱҸȫĵطأֻҪԿҲǣ
Σգǵˣһֻ׹޶޷ӦԣǲɫأȻͬĽ顣
ҪӣҵģյǰС󣬲ң죡
˫һƣӰ࣬
֮£ǲұȥСر࣬һƬʯ֡
ͣԭأǧɺ׷Ȼ˲תԳʮɽӰׯϡ
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ʨӺ𣡡
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ը죬ʨǿϯȥֱӽϮĹȺɢˣһЩСĹͣûǰ
ЩǽϵĴڣȴ˿壬ľٶֻԼǵٶȶѡ
Ȼ֪Ч󣬵ʤޣٿעɢһЩͽ׵Ĺޣ鷳Ͼ߳ҵĹޣȽײߣ޷͹ǲߴɱв
չ֮öǰȥ
ʱٶȣ˼֮󣬱㿪ʼԥˣ֪ǰлǺˡ
ΪǰѾ߱ħصǧﷶΧǹǽΪֲĵط֪ʲôΣգȻûиоΣմڣеغʱȴһЩ΢
ԭʮֻ޴Ĺͣǧ֮⣬ȴûǰһ
𣡡
ֻ˧˴ֻ޴Ĺǳᣬʮɸߵͦͷ­̧һΨҶİ
ֻֻԶԶؿ죬޷Խϵĺʯߡ


250 ֮
ڵϣָľ޴ͬʱſ̺ĹϢ
һֹŹޱȵϢȳͣׯϣɱ¾ҵϢ
δŹʱ˵ϢоħϢǷϢ
ңƺǷ֮ȴ˿ȷ֮
غ飬ЩڿеϢ
Ȼغͷųһ˿֮ɷΧֻʼԭһǰɫĿڻ֮߹֮󣬻ָǧͬɫͬʱҲԭеϢ
ף
쾪ȵؽгоЩ˼顣֮صĵ֮еʱ㳢ŸǱĹϢ
쾲ǧ֮Դʮֻޣȫ֮
һʱȥˣһ񣬾Ǳǿ˿һûʲôо
һȥˣüͷܵһ˿֮Ⲣ֪һִ
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˵壬һйϢ첻ҽգȴҲû
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ģо˵غ΢΢һżתʱתʱ֮ͣ
ϸһ£Լеڷϸ΢ı仯
ԵԪܻɣԺԣԣҲ⼸ɡ
ʱԵȴΪһ壬һֹԣͬڸոյǹϢ봫˵е֮ϡ
ˣʮʱһ࣬һʮɴС̫ͼ࣬ޱȡ
ʻȻһδ״̬֮Ϊ硣
ϵغ̺֮յǹϢ֮󣬽̫֮ӶʹתΪ֮
̺һ˿̫Դ֮ԣڱغպܻ֮תĵУͬʱеԵͬ
쵤еû˳תһ죬תֿ֮ʼ˳ת
ʮһ֮Ͻɢһ˿֮
Լ·˯һ㣬֪
ʮʱȥˣ֮ɢΪ̫֮־ʮʱһƬ֮С
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һʱ֮󣬴عƽɢ΢Ĺâɵģһ̺Ϣ
ʮʱ󣬻֮عڣʣʱȴʣȷ˵塣
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Ǵ֮壬Ǳ˵δܽҪ֤ǧ
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ǻԵ񣬽лʱ֮ڵûźˡ
ʵ컹ǱżֱȻ͸Ĵ֮֮׵֮
³һվܣȴ׷ĹѲ֪ˡ
̧ͷ˿ʱ·˼ȻתŽȥ
Խе֮Ũ񡣰˵ȴǱһȻ֮Ҫֲ
н˽ǧľ룬쿴һ޴ĻҰĿն·һ飬ַ·һҰУɷΧ
ܵƺһЩĶغ춯
˼ǰȥ֪ûΣգУҲҪȥ
һη֮ĵʹ£ߵ˻Ұ֮ǰͣ˽ŲͷųʶͼɫС
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һɼΪֲϢѹѹڵأȻѹޡҧأʹͦ

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ֻǣǹʵֲ̫ˣȰʥ۵Ҫֲ쿴Ҳûôֲ
ۣ
һѪȫļѾýģ͹ϵ·ΪƬ
˫ѾݵǺʯǹȴȻûȥ˼
쵤еþˣʹ֮ѹ֪֮ҲԼ֮ʱǾ֮
ƺӦǿѹϵİɢޱȿϢֻǼһ㱻ֲֿϢȫѹˡ
ʱദһɱڵ࣬ʥ֮׵ҲʼˣǣҲûмֵ߽⡣
𣡡
һֻ޴ޱȵʥӰ޾ĺڰ֮ţȥ˲ѹ
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ͬʱһֻ޴Ӱ֣нڣֲֿƶԿš
˻ᣬһѸѸȻǰɵĺɫȥ
ֹһյһʱ䣬ӰҲɢȥˣٴαѹ˺ʯ棬ܵĹײͣزţɫĹâ֣ȴҲ޿κΡ
ȻֵʳָɢһɼΪǿĺȻ֮ûһɱ¾ĸϢͣׯϡ
ǹѹɻҵĿֲϢĺȻƺ˶һ㣬Ȼһźһֻ޴İɫħ֣ץ
ô£
߱ħأѵħ
ܵϮĿֲħ֣̻ûһֻɴǽɫ֣ӭħ֡
䣡
ݵĸоؾ𶯣ֻϢ֮ƽͷϣħֺͷڶԿţƺѷֲ١
ʱ쵤гõغ鶯ˣֻ΢ζһ£һ˿֮ͷųܵѹ
ͷ϶Կƺܵ˻֮Ĵڣ΢΢ĲţһϢ֮󣬷ɢȥ֮عʳָֻ޴ħ֣·èһ㣬Ϊһź򰵺ɫС


251 һƵ
ֻǣ˻֮׷ȥ
ˣ
֮ɵľ뻯Ϊ㣬ɲǼѾԱߣŰɫħݣ㱻֮ˡ
ħ֮󣬻֮Ѹٻصϣܡ
еѹʧˣһƽ˼ٵζŸղŵһС
ֲ̫ˣ
ʱ飬Ҳηľȴûηʵ
ֲֿĴڣʥ޷κΣ޿κΣ޼׵޿κΣع޿κΣҲֻз֮ͥջҪغſɸ㶨һС
첻֪Ϊ߱ħأӦýħزŶԡ
Ҳ֪ΪЩǿҲ޷Уѹʲôʥۣ֮ģȻֲ˶ãᱻħѹޡ
ɻǣʹ˵ӦÿԵסֲֿħǣΪζѡߣ̤˴
᲻ͣǴӦȫԵֿסĴڰ
ɻĵط
ѵ滹޷ƥеĴڣ
ʱſʼˣԥҪҪȥֱǿĴڣԼȥʱغܲסԷͺ˵ˡ
غ춯ʹò˽ȥͷ
ͷҧҧ˾

Űɫȥɵľ룬֮ǰģڴʱȴֻǺ֮Զ
ʮϢѾ뿿˰ɫУϵĻ֮ƣ治ĿмϢ
һɫеʱͷųһǿų֮쵯ɣǽ˲䣬֮תų֮ʱʧһ֣֮С

ڳˣСǱ߳Ͽȣǰžʯ֮أЩĪĿ־壬֮·νǾһ
֪ʥһϿȣ뵽죬漴ʶȫѰټ
Ƭ֮ͣ̽飬һ˿ϲһأʯϿһ籼ȥ
˭
оˣѳɾ֮ĵӰʶ̽飬ս׼
ң
Сţ

Ǹ¶һ˿ϲЩǷֻСһӰʱϲ֮ɫȫ˵ǡ
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ʦ֣ûпʥ𣿡СſŹǲ죬
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ǲͷеĵǸǿҡСſ˹ν꣬ȴһҲˣСҡҡͷ
޳ҲͣˣҪǽȥҰɣνǸһۣ
У˵ǽȥʱ򣡡ǲ˵ʥΪǻۣǺ
ǰѾһˣȺ֮УʵͣߵĹϵһֱܺãΪʥߡ
ôʥû֣ķ򣬺пȥǲ˼һ£漴ɫޱȣ
˵߱ħأν󺧣
ǲûд𻰣ֻ΢΢ͷʱ
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ãǸͬ
УǷֳޣҴУҪɱʥþ
ǣ

ɰǧĹ׷ϣζӦúܲɣ޴ʱѾ뿪ʯϿر;Уһ뵽ȹ߽߱׹޳ԵһĪˬġ
ˣӴ֮󣬹ǽһΨҳ޶𣡡
ߣˣʱһ֮
˭޻ܣȴδһӰӣЩš
ģ΢΢һ£΢һ㣬һߴӰҰС
㣡Ӱ޴ʧɫ漴ʮֲϲصѩδ룬ң
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ѩδ룬Ϊǵһ˲𣡸㣬ҳ޲㣡һ˿ŭңƷʦŭ𣡡
ߣ֮Ҳǰ𣡡ѩδɱѾۼ۷壬ųޣıɱҹʥҹϣڲ⣬Ҳɱ㣬Ҫ㳢ͷ
ʲô˵޴󺧣תͣſڴƻƣңҿԼ˶Բ飬ϲǣ
ߣƱˣ㽻ʥǻ֪һеģѩδɫ䣬ų޿
˵㲻ܶңʦὫң޴ʧɫѩδ룬в
ʦ𣿡ѩδδţ𣿡
ֻѩδͣ½Ųӿռָóһɫڣͷϡ˲䣬һɿֲϢɢѹڳ޵ϣֱӽѹڵϣ彥ѡ
㲻ѩδ룡㵽˭޾˻š
ң㲻֪
ѩδƣûؿռָŵɫֵ̿ĳޣҸһƽֵĻᣡ
ʲôת޸ѵĹͬʱѩδ룬
ҲʥڵϿ֧һУұŹ㣬Σѩδ뿴ص
ʲô˻棿
ʳԣҸָʱ䣡
޿˼ѩδ룬ɫûǹڣѩδʵӦñȲ졣ԼʱǸ֧Уôѩδ֧һӦû⡣
һ£ӿռָóһСƿδԪ顣
Ϣ֮󣬳վƽѩδ룬ϣ˵㻰ɣ
ѩδʾ⣬һսսʼ
վѩδǰɵλãţӦһС
ȳ֣
ʱѩδٴ𣬳һ˿ϲɫʼתղܵϲǺأһδԪ㹻ʹָΣΪ˻ǿһʱ˵ɱѩδ롣
ôû˭֪ԼƻɱһߣͬʱԵõѩδǶصڡ
ڿնֳֳϵ˲ǣ֮ǰǿֹһߵĺɫӰ֣һ˫ɹצǰγɡ
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һʮɳİɫָƾճֱ֣ѹ˹ֺͳ޵ϡ
䣡


252 ħ
̮𣬹ֺͺɫӰԱⰵɫָɢһʮɴСָ״ӣǱ˿ӵףȫѣʧȥսһϢ
ѩδ뻺˹ȥųޣصˣ
ŹңŹң֮ధ
ȻˣҾûɷŹ㣡ҪΪԼеѩδ˵꣬Ҳ޳һӣס˳޵Ϣ֮˿ռָ
˿ʥֿ˿ʯϿķѩδһʱ䲻֪ĸߡ
˼Ƭ̣Ȼʥȥ

˵˵ĪڴвͣذŪŹף
⣬֮⣬֮УϰǮͭУ̾
֮Ǯս˹ףҡΣͬʱĬһֿʼ˲ԡ
ûлףʲôҲûУ⵽ǺⰡ찡Ǻ⣡
峤ǲˣ
ʱһĪֹͣݣŴ˳ȥɫΪء

ʱ֮߱ħص棬վǧʥĳԱǸɫأоǰ˸꾫Ӣ
죬ȷʥɫǳѿ۾һֱԶİ򣬳
ȷΪʥ˵ӦһϤϢʱķǲɫңӦ
ôʲôҲҲǲѣҲиʬǰȫûǿ̬֮ص
ѹʥȴĪ綢޾İ֮Ӧû£
ô֪ڴꪣƾʥڵΪôûأһʱ޷Լдһ˻
ѹ㿴ĪĹļռָһ׹СУҫ۵Ľɫâʥ㻹ţңĹâʥúúõģ
ģһŵӡ
ʱƭ㣬ԼҲ֪˵Ī絭һЦ߰ɣȥҵǿ
ҵǣɻ
Щ飬ЩΣǲжģСӾȻ̳ôгϢĵӣӦȥһݺ񣡡Ī翴ҵǵķɱ¶
ţԣҪһݺ񣡡

챻˰ɫ֮󣬽һĿռ䡣
ΧŨŨİ֮ɢһĺǿ壬Ҳһ
֮ƺӦĴڣȻҲɢһ˿ļ֮֮Ӧеļ֮𱸳ѹˣ·𱻷һ㡣
⼫֮УдϢ֣ƺǲȱġ
ԸܵõǼ֮Ϣļɫļ֮һҪ֮뿪ǳѡ
ʣһЩ򣬿תĴ֮Աõ
ǣ֮ȴûкôԽ࣬Խ졣ϾԵļ˸һ໥Լγһƽ⡣
κһƽ⣬ɾ޴ƻ
ֲֿܵĺǳزʾȻЩƿء
ǰȥȴǰļ֮䵭ˣļȴԽԽܼ
ϵĺָ³һ
Խǰ֮ԽԽܼʱԼԳһЩΪԼ֮׼
ȻϣǰļԽԽܼ֮ȴԽԽϡ衣ͬʱǰˣһ˿˿ɫļ֣֮Ũܵļ򲨶
챾֮Ľռ򣬿ǣʱָϵǸħָȴɢɫĹâȻ΢ȴ̺ſֲϢ
ô£
֪ħĴָ͸ʥȨһֻħ֮ֻħܹʹ
˼һӦʲôָӦš
ʱյȥʲôϾյǸḶ֮́ǿĵ
ǰнɫļ֮ʼշԼеļ֮֮ѹơ·̫һ㣬ԲǵҽԴĳȡ
ת赼Уֲֿļ׵Ϣӷȥˡ
ǰļ֮ԽԽŨԽԽ٣ͻأسһǿƣнĽŲٴμ١
һּ尾ѾˣǺٳֵ顣壬֮ǰҪ˶ѡĿռˡ
ģŵĲֻˣֵҲ̳֣Сɱ¾𣬼ڰߣɣУȵȣֻܱһɵĴ
⼸һ磬Ȼķ򼸺ȫġ
Щ粽Уô෨õϣǿᣬЩģҲȫԽˡ
ټǹѹĸо
еغͷųһ˿֮˲佫ƸˣͬʱЩ֮ϣҲû֮ǰѹɱġ
ǰȥ򽻴ǰָĹݺύ
Щȫǽ֮ոմһ˿Ѫⷭɡ
ǿֲȷҪֲ
еƸ֣Ǻӡ
ٴεת֮Լ屣Ȼڻ֮ı£֮ȴ߹ĵطɢȥûһ˿ϰڡ
һĿռ䣡
ʱſ˹⣡
һ˲䣬ȫǰľסˡ
ǰУӰϥšߵӰͬʱҲߵĻƽá
ʮɸߣͣʥׯϣĵһо
ƽÿһģһͷϸһϽɫġd֣ϲӦǷеߡ
ȴ֪ĹǺǹı塣
Ȼռڹǽ磬ɲΪһǹ塣
ʥ˵Ǩ˵ԭͲڹ塣οռȹĴڻҪ硣
ΪʲôǷеߣֻΪǵĶͷСd֣ҪͷųϢȻǿ󣬺죬Խȴûиѹ֮ôİƽ͡
ܹظܵռеļ֮ͼһЩ淨ƽӰ
۲ӰʱָϵĴϹһɫϸߣ˶ŵĽ֮䣬˲ʧ
ˣ
һǿĸϢ֣֮ĿҲһȭͷɫų֣


253 䶯
ŷ֣Ƕţǹͬѹɫš
ϸ˹ȥͷųʶȴһεɫҺ壬ƺһɫѪҺ
컹˼ʲôѪҺоһ޷ƴѪҺͷųѹϣһϢ˹ȥ
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ʵʵ֮ʵ֮Ρʲôʵʲôξ˭Ҳ֪

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254 Ŀ
ڵʣˣں˷ħѪ֮󣬱˷ħ֮
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飡Ҿģ˭֪

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½򱱲Եɽһļ紺̣γһȻ磬޾ȴûޣֻͨҰޡ
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256 
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ţĵ֮з˾ҵı仯˲緢Χŵļת
һյȥˣңеתԪľ磬Ҳڽš
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257 սң
Ȼ𾪵ĲֹЩܵ˻ߵϢڰϢɱ¾ϢϢɵϢԼһܵƥѹϢ
ʲôϢ
Ȼδ
Ȼһ˿ͷȴȫ־꣬ļʶȻ٣ȴδֶ
ָϢһֻħϣңǼУƺûһλħԾִϢ
ͬǰԵҲħ壬ȻǸſֲĸϣҲܵһְ꣬ƽͼׯϵĺȻ֮
ϢֻЩ֮˲ŻϢ
˵˵ϻὫȻ෴Ϣһ
Ⲣһһ෴Щûȥˡ
ȻҲǾԵ飬Щƶͬޣȴħ
ǰ꣬Щš
ǣʵǰȴܲš
ţҪҪʶһ飬Ϊǰֻ֮֮ΪԼ׾ͿԽ뵽ʶ֮С
ǣǴͷȻľ΢ɢϢ
𼶱ǿߣЩǿϢȻǿޱȣûһǰһһĸо
ֻǣ֪ǰΪλԵʱȴ纨˯һ㣬ƽꡣ
ͷӣô죿ôǸأңƽеľǰӰɻص
Ǹռߵİ꣡ȻǣԵ֣Ǳһ£ȥ˴һӣһֲ۳Уݸң㾶߿ˡ
ң˿еĳֿۣ˿ϵ꣬漴߹ȥϣͬʱﻹֹţʱ򣬾ѾԼ·ˣôһˣȴҸ㴩Ҳߣ
֮󣬱㿸ڼ磬éݡ

ָŻ˯еüͷ塣⵽ʲôȫڳ˯ȴвѣ˽˻һ㡣
֣һһöɫ͸ĵҩУ񵤶޷㣬ҲΪֻбǸ£
ͣ٣ҩιСҩڼһԣı仯ңվһԣĿش֮䡣

ʮξ֮Уռ֮ۿҪԲˣʱһɼΪŨ֮ľתֹͣξݡ
ǵʮξΧŵĿռɢȥűǵھξ̮֮Ȼڰأأأ֪ڶξʧصȻξ֮С
񵤵ҩûʧȻŴ룬ãʶеĽųǿҵϽâЩҩȫչȥʶĿռٴαʵʵ硣
һ֮ҡҷɢ֮Ժ˲˳˵һξ
۾ЩɻؿǰĿɿڴӰȻһԼ壬һֲ¡
ⲻԼ·
̧ͷ˿ǰһһ٣̾˫ֱţЩؿӰ·Ǹǲǰһģ
Ұ㻻ģңָɫⲻģ˷绯
ûжֶŵģ
ʲôֶţ·Ȼˣ
˵ûʲôģ
ģʲôģңͷתֻʱ죬а뷨
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㵽˵ʲô
ʱ˲ŻָղŵעȫԽ֮ϣӲĵȴͬһδ
Ȼ֪ʲôȴʵˡ
ֻƾϢ֪磬޷ӵ֮лȡκϢ
Сֵܣʲôˣ˿ˣоǺƣվԵңͲˣͷСֵܡҪСүү̵ģүүӴµģиүү·ӡ
ǰǣɻؿߣܸܵһɼΪǿϢȹĪ绹Ҫֲࡣ
飬Ǿ֮ˣź룬Ц
ңɻˣˣ
Ϸ򲢲Ƿˣ˯̫޷ѣϷΪ񵤣ſ㻽ѣ
ʲô񵤣󾪣޸ĵҩ
΢΢¶һɫͷ
´齣˹һݣлǰû֮ͣձضл
ͱлˣͷӵ񵤣ɽϵӻҪ࣡ңվһԣȤ
ң˵û㲻лңԵ˾֮ͣ΢΢һЦͷıʮ⣬
ңȴ֪οڣһʱЩɫӹǽ߱ħض֪Щܲ˵ȥ
ûϵ಻ˣ˰ڰ֣Ц
˼ǰĵط֪첻˼ͷ
Ŷ磬಻֪ĵط˵˵
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ʲô½Щ𾪣Բ²磬Ǵδ½½ߣôϵأ
漴˹ЦңҲЦָ죬̫ˣ½½
ʲô½ô᣿󾪣ˡ
˵ͷ½
һ򣿡
򣡡
ʲôôˣЩЦã֪ϲǱ
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Ҳ֪ҽʮξԸոշ֪ҡҡͷĻʵȴǲ֪Լôġ
ʲôʮξʱ˲ˣʧ
쿴ˣɻôˣǰ
ʦ˭ЩܽξߣټȻһ绪Ӱ
˼Ƭ̣ʥۣ
ǽǸʥ
Ȼص
ʱ˵üͷɻؿ죬ǰʥ۵ĵӣ𣿡
첻֪λصˣЩһֱˣ
ŶһΪһλĴأĴˣҲΪΪ棡ָɫʦǺ˰ȻյţҪǻСӰ裬ʦѾʥ֮ˣϧϧ
ǰʶʦ𣿡˵Ļɻص
֮Ե

֪֮ʱҲΪʵһ㣬ƾϵֹϢҲҿ͡
̸Ƭ֮˻صԼķУֻң
ͲȻ˵Ļ⡣ңδгԶţҲûȥĶǣЩ˵һĶܸȤԱ죬ĸûûˡ
ʱ֣һƬɽϾĵģҲûУֻһЩŹֵʱʱ


258 
ңʱصԼͷӵϢȥˣǶڼéУ˼Ųǰһҡ
ЩأΪΪصغʧˣȡ֮һƬ͸Ļ֮
֪ʲô²⣬֮ܿغйء
ʶ̽Уһޱ޼ʣ޹Ļ硣ҫ۵Ļףĸ죬֮ǰȣƺ仯ȴ˵
һʱϲ⣬ǱԼĿռָ
ʶһɨռָ˲ӻгˡʶ̽ȥĶһû٣ԭģԭ
ռָӵָϣȻעԼָϵĴ࣬ǵԵʱ򣬾˵Ϲ⣬ԼǽħѪ֮
ظƣһʲôܣȴһ
Ȼ뵽ʲôӿռָó˼Уʶţͽ˵еĻ硣
Ȼ㷴飬簳Դ涫ռһ
˷ܲѣгʥȨȵҪĶ֮ڻ֮Уȷȫ
첢֪飬Ҳ֪һŵĵﵽʲôֻǳⵤռ棬һС
ڣԿ϶һŵĶȷʵһ磬ֻǸȽ磬غ磬Ϊܵ˻֮
Ȼֻ鼮п硱һΣȨǴ˵ѣôܻ뵽Լǻ磬ǻ֮
Ϥһӵʱ䣬ʼ

峿ճԷһ˿
е챻һ󡰿ľ綯ˣƺսĲ
ʶʩչңԺԱߵһݵϰ
Ŷһר־ңչֱۣԺŪҩݵ˴һкȻ㳯ңȥͣ⣬ؿ
ңһ׽ʽΪȽӦò֮͡Ϊɺ罣һƷĽ
ŸոսΪתңЩӦ޷ƿȫԪʹȻЩŵġ
츳ֲܿЩӦˡ

ͣ죬Ϊ˯أû뵽ô磡
֮ǰɼҾͺ˯ˣǰң
ôҪȻȻң죬Цʵ
д⣡
룡
ֳǹŶң˲뼯״̬
ң֮Ķߣ츳ȹǲ컹ҪһЩԪʵޱȣһ񾫴˵һǳǿĶ֣ûбʤİա
ʥ
ңȳ֣е׽Ϊ磬ңڲݵϴţֱָ졣
첻Ҵ⣬еǹһǹʩչ
ﬣ
ﬣ
ﬣ

ײϣռٸغϲʤվԶסصͷ̾ѡ
ʵûˣƾŻǹԼڵսƽ֡
ǽ˶ŻʵˣҲֻε̾һ
ңʵ̫ǿˣʥôôõأ

ﬣ
һˣɣң죬ɫء죬ͬɫء
ģңɢһǿҵս⣬ΧĿˡң˵ӦþսȻӦˡ
ܵսӰ죬۾Ҳ˲ͷųŨŨս⣬ͬʱðһǿİңսⲻ¡
ңһ˿˷ܣһأڿնеķɺ罣ûһʮĽ硣
ãҪˣԶһңͷãһӣһ͸Ļ֣ԺͬΧһɵķλγһ硣
羭죡
ңеķɺ罣£ָͷȻ壬еǹŽ̳
񣡡
䣡
ҵײǿײһֱγһ޴У˱ɡ
ƽ֮󣬽ս֮һƬǽ塣
Ȼûֹͣ˼ңٴռȻзɺ罣̳ѩ
ǧ
ţһңһں˽ӽɵˮ֮⾳˺֮
㡤ߣ
콫⾳뵽ǹĹӭϮĺӰȥ
䣡
죬ر㸲ţǱײ֮Զƽ֮ΧľݳױݲһĵطһƬߣңĵطһƬ
벻СӾȻ⾳ԲˣǹŰ˿֮ս̾
ңʶʩչ⾳ֻΪһɺܹ
ңһзɺ罣裬ӰϮȥ
ժǣ
ӭԪӰջǹӭ˹ȥ˲䣬ճһֻɴСϽɫ֣Ӱ֮ϡ
㡤ߣ
Ѿȫʩչֲ糱һ㣬Ӱ
䣡
֮˶ţ¡
벻ôǿľ粻䣡ң죬ƽص
ѾϰԽս쵭ص·һ
ãĶ֣˼ңһЦŵսûأ
ãɣ
ңڿնദһʮɸߵɽ࣬һ³ɽ֮ƺ󣬵ȴ
΢о⾳Ľ֮֯⾳͹֮⾳
֮ңеķɺ罣֣ڶǰһɴҫųɫĹâϢ֮ң۾һĽ˲˹
º
еǹһ߸߾˲ͷųһɿޱȵƣеǹһɳϽɫǹӰŽȥ
Ȼ
ǡƥԾȻǹӰ뽣ײ֮ʱû˲䱬Ϣʱƽ⡣
Ϣ֮ϮʱѾ׼ſ񱩵ȥ
Ӱǧ壡
ȭ
Х죡
֣

ʮغϵļҶսɲ¡ôʱĶײ˲ûоƣͣԽսԽ¡
챾һս֮ˣĸԾһǰη塣ԭԸƽ͵ңʱսıȴš
ʱѾնԳʮɸߵĽӰdֹâΧ֮ϼ
˫ʮָɣʨӡԶңһϾ޴Ͻɫƾճ֣һֻϽɫĴֱ֣ץȥ
ңأѸתȫԪڿնݻǳ֮һǺ̫鷨ǰӭϽɫĴ֡
塤Ǭ
䣡


259 Ӣ
ռ籩һ㣬ֻ龳ߵĽ֣һ˿ǿߵķ緶ƻ龳߲սԶԶһ߿Աġ
汻оһʮɴСӣսˣ˺ӱԵɣŶԷ
𣿡ңȿڣһ˿ϲɫʵ
أɫ̩Ȼ
ˣҸոպһЩȥһң³һŵļʱ
ãлͷҲңʱ飬һߣսֵص顣
ãң˵꣬ҴææڵϣĿ
죬ǿǰһƬǽ壬̾һ˫ֻӳ⾳ͷųʮɷΧݾⰻȻЩ⾳ͺ֮ϮĲľҲָ
ԺŲ裬Ż߹죬ģ
ã쵭һЦͷ˹ȥڵϣӹ˵ݹĲ豭һڣ̾ò裡
㶮裿΢Цţʵ
һԻ裬ԻԻJԻԻFűеĲ㣬
ԣ˵ͷ̾漴һ߼裬һʫһףԻƷˮʮܰңϴ١
Ȫһ飬СʱзĿէ
ɴ꣬Ŀ䡣ΰɽǧ쿴˼ĶҲʫһס
ããСӣңö࣡˽²赹뱭У̾
Ūֵһᣡ
Сһҿɿ͸㰡˶۾˵ǰʥ۲ŵӣȴǷڵӣ
쵭һЦлķǿߵĹУѧŷ似
Ŷԭˣ˻ȻʣСҲ죬ȻõϾѧԡǸ񰡣
Ŷ𣿡ɻˣ֪֪Լôģһž
ԡϾѧ֮һ롶Ϊڵ񼼣˲֪
ڣɻ
ǷĶţǿ֮һЩ˵Ϊʱ磬Ժĸ߶ȣ֮ڣ֪̾
ǰ֪йءԡ飿쿴ˣ
֪һЩôˣ˿飬ɻ
ǰҲǰԹһΣ֮⡶ԡѾҵļˣҿʹãô£
Ŷ£Ӧֻأõ˷ڴܵĴУ˳˼һ£ԡڵϾѧ𼰶λǰµǧȴֻ˶սʥʣ
ŶսʥʣϤĸоĪҵģ֪⶷սʥʦĸǿֹȴһֲС
սʥʵıǽʥԳǶޣأħΪսѷձ𽵷֮µļǿ֮һͬһȻ޵Уʦ𣬿һҲֵס
Ŷ˷ܲѣֻһ뵽ʥְۣˡ
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ĬţƬ֮˵лᣬݷһʦ𣬼δˣ֪
ǰʦĽΣ˼һ
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㽫ʲô㣿ݵ֮ͣ˿죬ʵ
Ҫȥμߴȣȡھ쿴Զɫᶨ
Ŷߴȣھɻ츳пõھ̫ע֮;̫ã
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ΪΣ˿죬ɻ
ҸжԺüˣ˵ҺκҪõҺͻȻͷųһƣּᶨ飬˸еȡ
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һסˣ֪ôӦˣΪĿ꣬ѵţͻȻֵҸļƻ
Ƭ֮Żع֣˹һݣǰ֮СģΪؽл
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գʧˣԺңˡ
ĻҪߵĻҪߣңſյӣһ𣬲֪ʱ
ң߰ɣǰȻˣڰпأǲʧңļ򣬵
ţңͷҶʲ̫Ϥ鷳ԺҪָһң
û⣡Ĺϵʲô鷳鷳ģ΢΢һЦ
ţ㹻˼ûҰ㴩һ·ңһɨղŵ
ЩȻˣܲܲ㶼˵˲һٴˣ
ǺǣһүǣʲôǱߵĺϴ裬ŵģ͵ûߣңƲƲ죬
ɽҰģ˭͵㣿
ӣҰ¹Ұӣ
ͷ϶ʱðߣЩҲ㡭
죬ҪǽݰɣңͻȻ
ݣôͻȻ뵽أɻ
ⲻͷӸߣûˣֲϰߵģң̾
ҳ
ĵģ
ģ
ƭӣ
ðɣ

ɽ±ߣ˹򶫷
ϣңΪֵܣһԣоһȣСǸиͬͬңѵõһɫֻǸոӪձĻɢˡ


260 ǧҰݺ
ϣңΪֵܣиۣ֮ͬͬ񷣬Ȼ
֮ͬʱԶߵͷ¡
ңһЩȻֳˣʮ죬˵ܵܡ
֮˱һͬɽ±ȥ

һ˱뿪˴ɽľ۾֮ء
ʱѾڴڣǴеĿǡ
һеĲҪڸѡΣȻμӽ
붫ṹ࣬ȴĸֱǴԼ
Ǹʵ൱Ӣ򣬿ɽңѡ
Ȼ˵򣬵ͨҪȥĻǿɲ̫ס
ΪĴ֮һȻϣ޾溣ȺңֹϢ⣬ͨ޷ͨģֻжķɽſͨС
ȻЩʥϵǿߣⲢʲô⡣ǣϾǿֻٲ֣󲿷ֶͨߡ
ȻһЩɽ޾ǲɽ޾Ҫֲ
Ϊ˲Ҫ򳹵ĴĸĴĶϵһЩó
УҶķɽܶ඼һ޴ĳǳأͣԻȡʯ
ңԥǣһĴǳأǲ¡
һ·ǿ˺ܶϣ϶ǻ۷Ĵڡ
ңΪ˿Ǿһͨˣǣû˻ôΪ
Ϊ飬ҲһЩƽƽˣܿһǿߡ
Ĳ˵˵ң֮Ϊͨ۷壬Ϊ·ϣǶעⰡɺӿˡ
ңǵһôôĵطǰʮɸߵĳǽɵˣɱΧǽ߶ˡ
ΧĻ̵ŮӣЩӦӲϾɱĹÿˣֲԻ˵˼Ů˻Ĵʱġ
С찡ĹƯ֪ҾˣңһһǸһ
磬㣬ˣʵһ𣬲֪жƯͶͱأ쿴һεص
ģô𷨣̽ңĻңǰһʵ
ֻҪǵȵĹھѹȺӢ֤кܶŮ㣡쵭ص
ŶһҪõȵĹھңȭͷգᶨص
ȥɣļ򣬵
ã

ԥǺܴһʱ޷ȫطתңֻ˼֣㻨ȥʱ
ߣڼܲǣңĶתʱˣ֮£ǽһľ߹ģľ¥Ҫһյİ䣬һӵľƲˣȫ޵⡣
ŶңãҲЦˣʵڣܾÿġ
֮ѡյİ䣬Ϊߵ̸Զ˽Ľ֮¡
ֻʮɫȣһӣңĶӣ첻뵽С죬ǸСһ֪úòá
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λͬλӢ˰¥Ĺׯͣһ֮΢վǴ̨ϣֵܹׯĳлλĹ٣գҪڴһ£һ£
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ʲô£
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ׯ˵

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ܵҵķӦׯͺ⣬һЦԥּҲŮӣ㷢Ӣ꾫Ӣδʱڳּҷ԰۵
ʲô磿
ӣҵŮ񣡡
˭
ʲôӢʮ㲻㰡
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һʱ䣬¥ˣӲ۷׷ףܶһ壬۾ˡ
콫еľһң磬ҪҪȥ
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ţҾ֪ô˵ȿȻоӢȻһƣ֮ߣк쿴һңһׯͣص
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ʱֿʼˣ˲Ϣľ¥ը˹һ㡣
һţ
ҳӣҪһţ
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ʱһӰ̨֮ϣһ۸¥ϵߣȻǾӢȻҪʵ֤ԼǾӢѹˣģǸûк̨ҽ۾ӢĹ
ʱ߰ˣϢ֮һ
ͬ⣡
ͬ⣡
޳ɣ
뷨ã

ಣ
һӰ˷̨֮ϣһʮҵİ׾꣬ʮ֮ΪҲˮƽ
֮ǰǷԵߣֵǰЦһλߴͽ̣
ǰЦԭ
ʵ֪ܷһ
֪˭ȥս

һʱ䣬ûǰЦһս۷׷ףƺǰЦһ֮ŷͬһĵλֻЦʵ֮ǿû˸ҵһӦս
ʱ꿪ˣֻŰЦֵǰЦҹǣ̸¸Уȫ
ʱȺзһ֮˼Ŀٴϡ
ҹǣȻ鴫
ǹӣһ
ֲƣԭҹǣ
˵ǿ
˵˵
Ҿҹǿһ㣡
ҾðЦǿһЩ

ԭǺǹӣЦһ˿ɫҹǣֵȻˣҶսĻɣ룡
룡ҹʾ⣬
漴˾룬̨ࡣ
Ϣ֮󣬰Цȳ֣еһ˫̽ǵ㣬˸ҹеĺǽվһһʱѷʤ
仨⣡
ҹĻǣ
飡
Ļ庮
໤
⺮



261 ŭ
С죬˵˭ʤңȶ˷ޱȣһƺֱãͣȻͷ죬
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תۼ䣬ѹУҹгأһ㣬תϣɣȻϾһɱԪɵǳ͵´
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쿴¥һ˿ɫ΢΢һЦȻ㾶·ڳ˶صȴ˿Ȥ
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򶨣ǧҰݺҲǰ̾ѣһȻû˿ɫ
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ΣֵǧҰݺˣǰնȭ
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ǧҰݺأվ֮ǰλõĿǰߣվ˷̨ıԵ

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Ҫʲô
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ˮԣԪױӰ죬ͬԪ鲻ʣӵԪҲԳΪеߡ
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һɴСĵɫȭͷӰƾճ֣죬һɲݵ־档
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ǧҰݺһ죬漴һ֮ɫ˷̨飬Ȼص飬ΪԽ˾˲ˣɲҵĶ֣˽յңкùӳԣĦҲܡȻǹģҿԷŹ㣡
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ǧҰݺȥǵѪ飬ɫ·һֻ
һȻ󿴿ЩĵһʱҲ޷ڼȥһ˦ӣŴżȥʧǵҰ֮С

ǧҰݺ̶ֻߣɫûһ˿ϲһĵǣǧҰݺĻļǵãĦ鷳ˡ
Ħ뱾ѾںܶˣȴʷҪԶƷš
ǧǰһţܵǿַһҹ֮ʧأʾǿŵһЩղرϴһգƷŵʵ
⼸ǧĦ룬νƲӣǰĵٵÿҲûٳʲô֮ţһ龳۷ߣʵպϣžһ龳ĸ֣ļ϶龳ġ


263 ңս
ֵµӣˣǧõ֮⣬˽ͨߡ
ǧҰ壬ȻǿǧҰ龳죬˼뻹龳Ļ龳ߵӣȴǧҰݺģʲôӡ
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龪һɴ۾ٴοңʧɣôô᣿


264 һж
ӣңƲƲ죬ͬ꣬޶߸ˣ
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飬ؾ棬ЩԵõָ㣬дΪΪ棡
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۾ٴοңʧķ򣬰֮ǰĻҪ棬Ȼ֮š
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򣿡˷¾Ʊ΢漴Ȼôܣ֮ˣ˭ûɽҰܣûܣ
Ǹղʹõ似ƺȽײͰ˸̾ţƺָ
ôֲҵĶƲƲ죬
ѵͲĶ΢΢һЦ˵۾
΢˲ָĶߣˣһж͸ˣ
û˵˵һЦű㽫еľһ

齲ʵֲȻһЦָֻ
һյսң죬ȥ
ߣصһЦ漴ˣҾǣһ˵кϷ
һ㶣ƺʲô̻عԲң۾һ˿˷֮ɫ
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뿪¥ʱ򣬰¥ʮĺ˹ֵʱҲˣһ£ȸˣ
˵һЦţã߰ɣˣôپ۾ۣ
ţٻᣡ
˵꣬˴æ˰ᣬ¥ȥ
˵Ĳ˽еľһƲƲ죬ϼһα˿ɲ򵥣ƾһôӦˣ
˵ţ˾Ʊ߳˰ᡣ



265 ֮
ˣԥڶȥ
ˣң죬һͷʵԻһĹͷˣ
ӦòֹһˣӦ
ˣңɻˣʶ΢㵭һЦȻһ֮ģеæˣ
ͣһ֮˵ãϣ򲻹ٰң
û⣬֪

֣ȥʲôľϿ˳ڶȥüͷ΢壬ֹŵȴû
һֱһ֮ٶȣΪѾͣڱԵ˵Цš
ľϾЩԾȴ˵Լ󣬿Űˣ˼ʲô
΢΢һЦľϵķ򣬴ȻˣͲҪͷ¶βˣ
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ȻĻ˵󣬱ԶһӰϢ֮ͣľԡ
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ϼһ㲻ǿ͸ôһ˿ľϣ΢Цŵ
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Сһﵨӵǲľ϶죬ȻΪҹ֮
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ʱңǰȥүУֻҪҲˬˣ˵似ˣҩҲһ㣡
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УȻˣҸһΣȫ͸˲Դү޴үˣңͷЦš
ʲôˣԴү޴ү˭סľϳĬһέ󾪣Ϊޣæ
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ˣǣһέɫһ㶣ԭ飬ʱȴˣŨŨɱɢ
ľϣȴԾɱտڲԣӹµµתţ֪ʲô
ңǰȥɣɵӣǼʶһүľ˰ɣ
˵ֻ֮һŵأն𣬷ɺ罣Уˡ
ñӦױˣ·ˣһέ۾̰֮ɫϮңгһѳһŵأն𣬵ϼһһɣսپ
ã
ľϴһҲ˲ڿգгһйٱʣɱң

޹ޣ
ǿԪ˲ۣңȥңʩչʥվһ
ɶ𣡡




ʥ

տʼңս۵۷壬ʮ㣬ˣЩУټ϶Զֵİһʱ䣬ңռȻƵˡ
ģҲܵңսſеκһҪʤ졣
û֮ģ˵ƿʼˣҲ˻
һٸغ֮ң㿪ʼ䵽·ˡʱսȴˡ
ս壬ΪսսΪ
Ȼڳǿ߻򶥼ǿߣǣʱۻΪ죬Ȼͬ־ˮƽ˶Ը֮ңȴǿˡ
ٸغ֮ңϵ·ˣһЩ˺ۣ˵Ѫ
Ҳòȥɺ罣ϻ˺üӡ
ˣңˣǲʵ
ҪҪȥæ鿴ңˣе
ԳһԳŵٸغϣ쿴ңص
㲻ٶԣȻ˵һĵ
ӣүƨɣһέĽɻңƨɣ׻¶˳һӱңзɺ罣ţԪݺᡣ
羭죡
ժǣ
º
Ӱǧ壡
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ңͻȻˣÿһǺŭɱˡ˵ľȴֱŤתģ˫һʱ佩
ٻغԺңֿʼƣϵ˺ٴˣһέľϽƿ˽࣬ٴνңƵú
ʮغϺңıйٱʴУѪʱŴеٲ֣Ϳһֻˣ
΢΢һЦʩչռ⾳˲ľ࣬ʹֹס˹ơ
ûɣһέսһң
һֻɵӶѣүôʰûľϵЭңƿ˾ƣ˲ռϷ硣
ʱ쿴ľϣصڿʼأǿǴ򣡷ģֻǣѣ
ߣϵ͹ǵʵǣһʱϷ粢ʲôɱﵻûʹأľϿԶսһ˿ǣ漴ƺ뵽ʲô㰲صҿкη
Ǿͺã쵭һЦ

Եز죡
޹ޣ

Х죡

壡

һέˣЩмܲסңĹϵ˺ۣҲˡ
塤ϣ
Ǭ
塤У
Եز죡
塤ּ䣡
壡
䣡
ǿĽѹǿĽԪ磬͸˶һέԪ壬ֱӽɣʮ֮⣬ǲסѪ
϶ţľϴ󾪣Ųһţ˲ŶһέȥһӰʱǰ
㡭ľɫ𺣬ɱ˲ͷų졣
˵ǣ㣡㲻Ҫʶô쵭صƺûܵľϵɱӰ졣
֪Ǿ㵽ʲôͣľϴŭйٱһӣüĵȥ

ɫ䣬һ㿪йٱʵĹơľɾ롣
һУľϲûз֣һأٴι˹
ɶ𣡡
Ȼ壬˫һ㣬йٱײһ
ָ

ȭ
׷ڣ
ƣ



266 ħٴ
һʱ䣬սʮغϣȻ¡ֻɫ֪ľϾԲɣһĵȻƺûѹһ㡣

ңվ⣬ǰûһέɱȫԽԷУֻĶֲֲС
һέվǰңɫӣ⣬⣬ɱ⽻֯һ
ȥǵѪ¶һ˿ЦϵĽۣʹЦݿޱȡ
ãܺãþûôǱˣһέЦţеľ⾡ɢӿռָóһСƿһ˲䣬ңоһŨŨаƿɢ
Ϣ֮󣬶һέϵ˺״̬ǰ״̬һֹ֮ͣǰڣ֮ڣֹͣĺڡ
ʱֻϵ˺ѸϣϵѪƺƤˡһ˿а΢̣Ͻ˵ĺɫơ
նӸ¿ң΢ϣڱ£
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һ˿ɫȴûһ˿֮⣬ľȴǡЦţҪˣ
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Ŷ㻹֪а鸽壿֪Σǰǿߣһ֮£궼ûѣ
ߣ̫ҶҰٷְٻܵˣһаɱ쿴Զң
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󵨣ҳԲѷһέɢаǿϢһֻɸߵѪɫóң¡ֻѪɫõĿֲѪɫƾճ֣ң
֮а
ңɫأΣȷʵܵһϢǿΪսӵߣηսԸ
ֻеķɺ罣ƣԳʵپ֮ˣ·Ƿеķɺ罣ţһֻɫɽӰѪɫ֡
壡
䣡
ҵγһ籩ڽ֮תţң˲㽫û
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Ϣ֮󣬷籩ɢȥң·飬ţڵϣһѪˣǱ
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ܺã֮а似ң³֣ɵӳүǿ
ʱֻңͷų˴δйǿϢȻڿգദһʮɸߵӰɢһơ
ңڰջûһֻɴɫ֣аĶһέץȥ
֮ڣ
һέҲܵңƣѪɫٴλӭɫ֡
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֮һʮɴСУŶһέϮȥаӰûӦ㱻о
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ŶǾɣ쵭ص
ȻôҾȥڤɣ
ľ˵꣬ейٱʻɴӰ˲ϸ졣

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˲䣬֮ǰճһֻɴСϽɫ֣ץϮйٱӰ
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ϽɫĴֱ֣ץйٱӰ֮ϣ˲佫ץɢ
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ͣǰ֮еӳͷɴ漴˫ͬʱץ졣

ˣ
Ǻ˲ͷųɫ˿ߣ˲һ档
ͬʱһɹϢ֣ƺӰߵϢת
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ɱ
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ˣ
̼оһɱȽǿϢѹüͷ΢壬漴ͷţ˲佫Ϣ̵ķȴι̡
ԶĶҲüͷ֪ǺãľϵĹֶȷʵȶһέȷ˵Ǳȶһέֱӽɱ棬ʡȥԼս°빦
˼ʩչ˿ռ⾳Ӱһʧˡ
ţôʧˣѵѹˣľϷûӰֹ
ϼһֶҲˣ⣬Ӱ˲֣ľ΢΢һЦص
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ס۾ǿߣδؾͿסң쵭ص
ܣһʲôطˣľѣ̣ٴ죬ʼʩ
ǣᣬͷųһֿϢԶңȸоһַĿ־塣
ֻɵĿռ䣬γһгźڰ֮֮֮֮ɱ¾֮Լ֮Ϣ

ľϻûӦ˽֮УжٻϵԪ·ѹһ


267 Ī֮ս
ʮѣԼĹƣҲ˲
ǰһƬڰߣɱ¾ɵϢϯסˣƴȫȼյҪĿռ䣬ȴ޷
ħٴءɣ
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ʮϢ֮󣬽ɢȥһѷɻƮԶһöռָ˵ϣȻǸ̡
ˣ
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ңһĲ˼飬ʵ߿ʵǿ˲ĨɱľҲǣˮƽңͲôΪˡ
ľս֪ԷʵԼ֮Уˣһˡ
ΪֲǣղͷųǿֲϢʲôôһӰһǿ߱ɻˣ
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һֱΪԼ࣬ԷսǿԼѡⳡս֮ŷ֣ÿһ涼Լǿ˾硣
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ⵤҩôͷҵһʲôƷʣңæʵȻǶҩ̫ãȻ֪һЩҩϢ
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һһţԱߵȴǱסˣױסˡ
ƣֻڴ˵вųֵΣȻǰϣһȻƴеƵĵҩ

ЩԼǲΣĺܶ鶼Ƿ˼ġ
ʮĳǿߣƣһУֻҪȥ
ң꣬ǽύˡ
ܽĦ룬ΪѣԺԼű㲻˰ˡ
˼֮ʣļ򣬽һöռָ˹Щòɣ
УҲգܾȻһ֮ߵղض˵νǷޱȣ׽ܱ˵ĶϰߣҲǹء
ţӲǽռָʶˣ͵Ǽ񣡡
⡭ֻ˵һ֣㱻ңˡ
ֻһһӵؿ죬С찡ǵ˵㣬˼һƽָôõĵҩ͸𣿡
һױһˡ

ǲɳҪپҪ١ҩ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ſƳ˵оС
ңĻ죬ҿռָѣҳһƿȫǸѪҶǴеƵƷ
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ĵҩңָˣԪָֻһɣжûʲôˡ
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ǣϦУԥǶȥ
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е߶Ŷһȥɻ󲻽⣬໥֮俴һۣȥ


268 
ֻһʮĻƻͨӰ衣
ڻ֮ǰĺϣʲ֮ţһǹһ貨
λӣαأвǺܺ𣬺αضأдһΧһĸо
ǿȻ֮
찵ԾȣһϢǿȻ֮дʶ֮ʵõʧء
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λѵ˵𣿡ǵٴ
ܣʱ˾Ȼͬ
ߣΪʲôѧ˵ƾ翴Ű׺Ȼ
˭ѧˣӦѧҲŶԣ׺ư
ֵ¼УƾȻ

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絴ݣ
к죡
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ˣ
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ʱң֪ʲô£ʱŭһƾ磬Сӣˣʲô裡㽦үһˮ
ƾ籾һӻ޴й֪ôһһ֮ɽҰСӣʱȴײԼĻɽڣʱ

ƾƶֱץңĲӡ
һԷûϴֹңŭЦҲǻӦһƣֱӽƾˣˮ
˵Ŀ˲۵ޱȡ
ƾˮ棬貨ʩչԪϵˮųǹңŭӡ
׺ҲˣȻһСģɽҰСŪǱʧ档
ңʵǿԷǸһ֮ߣһûʹɵʵŵ˽
ҰСӣһսƾ翴ңŭ
㲻ɣ
ңն˲ƾǰɴƽؿŶԷ
ң˹ƾʱһĪСΪɣ
ȻԼѾսˣǱֹ߲ͣǲУҲҪӲ
еĳǹ߾٣Ԫͷţʱˮ죬ң
Х죡
ңһƻƽʵ֪ûƵķħ֣񼼡
䣡
ƾĹƾˣңǰȴǲһ˲䱻ɢңȴȥƲֱӺ䵽ƾϣ֮ɡ
ңѾˣȫһƣƾ粻Ǳ򵽶԰Ǳ顣
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˭³ֵ𣿡ϣһŷۺɫȹɴŮӿң
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269 Ľ
ʲôǺʵ𣿡׺ЩϲòܺʹŮߵһȴ˲룬ǲǻԼļƻ𣬵ģڣû˸Ů
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׺ʱɫǺ죬΢ŭڲУǲöãұս
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270 ԰

쵭صһڰ׺ǰɴ
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ˣһҹȻţֱʱųһҹʱ䣬ջķᣬɹƳ׼ƷһöеƣȻľֹˮһ㣬ȴ޷ϲġ
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ʱͤѾˣλ꿡ţ໥֮佻̸ţЦڶ


271 ս
һͤȴǿŵģֻŮӷ࣬Ūң뻷Ϊһ壬ƽ˼ζ
Ů˵һ˱ȽٵͤУ֮󣬱ˡ
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ģϸҵԣң壬漴üͷһкܶ˶Ϊɣߣҵģ˭Ҳߣ
Ǻǣû˸Ҹ

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СŮڴлλˣٴι֣˷ۻᣬдΪ㵽ֹϣҪ˶֣֪λȿʼ

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272 ͤ۽
ǿһһ֮ߣ۹ܺõȥ
ܺ뼧ɷѾսʮغˣȻʤۿ֮Ҳ۷׷ףеǸ̾˵ʵǼΪм
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ˣҲôģң
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֣ûҪˣǿսɣһ˵ļ򣬵
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ʱվһ³һۣղŵд裬Ǿ֮ҵ֪࣬λϳ

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ݽǴĶƷ֮һٽƽǣеӸϰʵһǿ߸Ǵ֧һҲ츳ߣʶ񣬷еʮλ˵֮ʱȻЩᵽ֮ʱ
ңҲ΢ԾȣеȻ˵ǴߵֻҪʵõϿɣɷ
֮ǰǧҰݺĸ磬ΪǧҰ˫ʶλеʮλ֮
ʵȴ֪ңĿ˷ʽҲ֪Ҳûм
ʵңǶܸȤаһҪС
ʵǿǰ֮һͬҪǿ֣Խս϶
֮ƾͰ׺Σң΢΢һЦ
ҾͲ֪ˣһﶼԺ⣬ʵǿᣬ߲һ˼
ǺǣлһҪʶһǿߵķɣңһЦ漴Ŀ
ңĻˣǰԷ̰Ƿ֮꣬Աǡ
ʱѾϳˣսһΪ൱ͬΪһ۷壬ͨڣսҲ޼
ϵܣ˭ʤңɫص
ԲŸտʼԤ⣡쿴һۣ˵ʵ¶࣬㿪ڵ
ţҲǣԤ⻹Ϊʱ磡ң΢΢һ̾˵ԸǼΪƣһʱҲʤ
ʮغַ֮һ˵ս
Ƭ̺󣬷ѾֶǻغϣȻѷָ¡
ϵܣôңͷ
޾ʤⳡսӦúܳһ˼
ǰҪٸغϲŻԵң΢΢һ̾
𾪲ѣˣսԤ⵽
飡оʵΣ쿴
ǿҪʤ֮һʱ䣬Ųʱ䣬ұսʤɫȻ
츳һ²ʤ쿴ԶӻӰ
ƺûжգЩû뵽Լôá
ҪԼģʵģļ򣬵
ϵ˵ҪԼңһЦ

е߷裬еĽҲǹâ˸
ҫգ
磡
ɽԪײ֮ɢΧĿӴź漤˾ҵĲˡ
ȴ𣬲ʮغϵĽȴǲ١
ģһٻغϹȥˣ죬˽ĿתضԶսȷң˵ٻغϺ˸ʤѷ֡
Ľڿ죬ȣĽʤ׼ʤںݣ˵ĽȻƣȴͬ˽ϣһĽǿߣ۾Ļ鲦Ƽ


273 սѩ
һĽͣȺ׼ǻͺԣߣƿʤߣƲɵܰĵ㣬ĳɾȻңһýߣԽȻһĵ㣬ܶལ޶ˣǲͬʱա
ңͬʱĵ㣬ȻֻǳΣǣ츳һʦ
ΧңĻ󣬽лȻʵĸо֮вýߣңĻԡ
졢׼ȡݣҪȫգѶȻ˵ҲֻЩɱ֣Ľޣ̾һȻ̸漰ǽͬΪ;ͬ顣
ǰһɱ֣һɱ׼ͺǱģΪʤÿһ׷ľ磡ֻдﵽĸǲĽţң̾һƺܵļ
Χ˽𾪲ѣɻ󲻽⣬ңң֣뽣֮һ־磿
ң̾һ
ɻǶԡȻİȴ޷
õ󣬲ߣңȻ
˳Ĭˣʲôǵǲ֪ΪǴδȥΧһУǰ˼ʶ֪û򵽡
Զսɾʣר־ؿţԱո࣬ڵͤе˼ȫʧˣǵ˼άͣңĻС
ǿ֪˵֮ԣǴ˴βۻջ
Ƭ̺ٸغѾȥͷľ޴󣬶ູ飬֮ǰҪܶࡣ
ϵܣн˰ɣң˵΢Цŵ
ʮغң䣡бӣ۾
ϵ㰡ϸҲµʮ߰˸غϣ֪˭¶ԣңһļһЦ
ϸ磬µĲ࣬Ҹҿ϶Ҳ¶ԣʮغ֮ڣ۾ƺһƷ
˵ˣԶעƵսϣŻغϡ
ȻʮŻغϺѾԴ·磬ս΢΢Ҳòȥͬľ޴
뺣
ץסһ˲ƴȫԪӰؿڡ
ҧȫмܣʹԼΪǿǣʱѾЩˣʵ۵һ룬㱻ĽԪƵˣ˵ɳȥҿʱˮС
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ʤˣҲǻ֮񣬵ʵã˷սǳлᣬĳ̸ֽ¸У
ݣ
֮˱˻صͤУȴһս
ڵͤУʱȴǷˡ
ϵܣģȻµô׼ңϵĺЦʱֳ
ɵģ΢΢һЦ³֣ͤеջԾ
鿴ˣĽѣʲôʱʵ
սѾʼһ۷ߣһһⳬȺ
˵ˮƽֻ˵һ㣬ƽƽûʲô֮ңҲò²⡣
ʮغ֮ⳬȺʤ֡
ĳ峡һһսš
еľ֮еȴ֮еԽսеȴʤǿ
ңʱʱԤսĵʱ䡣
ʮһΪѩİ󣬴һ֮۷ΪϢһ㡣
ȴûŹᣬÿĥһԼ
ֻһأ̤У˲ںѩǰ
Ħ飬´ͽ̣źѩһ֣
ѩһɫ𽥱䣬һڣ͸սǲǿң
ˣֻд裬δ֣֮𿴲֮˵̩Ȼ
ȻˣǾͳְɣʮغϲʤ㣬ұ뿪˵أѩ
΢΢һ漴Ȼ㣡
ѩŭ˲ڿնϵƶȻͷųһɱ֮ڰ֮С
绨ѩ£
һһɴСĺųںѩͷֳȭǸп顣
΢ԪͷſɽӰ֣
ٷߵ죡
һɴɫƾճ֣Ǻ֮ϡ
䣡
Ԫײѿ˽ԱˣɣѩҪҡ
һԿ鴦·硣
ϵܣôң飬
ȫ֣Իʤشںϵ֮䣬һ˼
Ŷôң΢΢һЦ
Ͼһˣ˽һЩͷ
ţȷʵһ츳ڳжڶ⣬սʤһݰӦû⣡ңҲǴһ󣬵
ĦһԻͣӦѾϵˣ쿴ͺѩ
ǿ󲻵ãң΢΢һ̾

ѩ˪
ѩ˫ֳƣƳһɴСѩ״Ӱƾճ֣Ϯ顣
ѩǺԵĹ似ʹĩȵ¶Ȼ½࣬ˮϾȻһ㱡ı
Щȣ⺮ѩĹء
Ѿսнʮغˣ䴦·磬ȴҲδǱ࣬ǺѩȴһˣȻȾϷ磬ȴЩ
ս֮ǰ˵ʮغ֮սʤ飬ʮغˣϷʼնǱܿԼķâ
࣡
ٴתȫһȭҳһɴСɫȭͷӰƾճ֣ײǸѩ״Ӱ֮ϡ
䣡
ҵɢ鱻һɣѩֻ˿˶ԷһֹһЩСˡ
һ˿ѪȴûӰս
ֻѸǰȥͬʱתȭźѩɫ֡
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ѩ壬Ҳ˲ڿգ˫ƳǰԳһɴСĺУѩɽһ㡣
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ɫ뺮ײһ𣬲ûɢͣϢϢ֮ѿԵˡ
˵ǶѪһζԹν൱˺ɣѩҲ˺ɣҪȡȻŻսƽ֡

һʱȡʤѩʱŭɱ֣˲˲
ֻĨȥǵѪŵҶڿɣ˫ſš˲䣬۳һɴСĺУתţԽԽ죬ռ籩һ㣬дݿ֮쳣ֲ
ѩŰң
ѩӰѸ飬ӰΣƲɵ
أȴδһ˿⣬˵ʵڵģʵĿǰȲϺѩǿ͹ʵǣ߾ȫ֮˵Ĳ಻ǺܴԣͷͿ˭ȶġ
֪һ㣬һ˿ʤϣںѩʹѩŰҡһеʱҲʼ˹


274 嵶
ֱ̧˫ƽչɣȫɫĹ۷֮ʱѩˣҲˣһ㣬Է

ȭײںѩ֮ϣһΣԪĸײײ
ȭӣϢʱ䣬뺮нײһγһɴСУ˰
ãЩ鷳
˾ҵƱˣ
һսʰ

΢ֻǳһϢʱ䣬ңҲ³һǵıԿӦò¡
ȻϢ֮бɢӿܣ˺ӿΣҶɢһУ·쫷Űһ㡣
߷һ㣬ɳȥһѪ
ͨͨ
ͺѩԶˮУֻ鵹ɣѩǵɰ롣
һζԹʤ
Ϣ֮ͺѩθˮ棬˴ʱǱص֮໥ţѩг˷ŭɱ⡣
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žžž
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ܶ˶ڳĶ˻ҪǿӵԽսʵܿɹ顣
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Ӧñǿһ֣Ҳһ壬
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أкҲδ˵ǰиֳֹǧҶ涢ŵ嵶
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嵶
ᶨ˵͸һɵ⡣
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֣˵˭ǿһЩǧҶ濴һۣĿƵϣʵ


275 
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ˣһﾹȻҴգңһЦһ
ǧҶ浹Ǳ˸Ϳˣϣɻλ˼ǣ
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ǰĳее۾ϵľƱһСڣص
ееǧҶüͷ΢ɻ
ͷʱΧ˵ĶҲ쳤ˣĻ
ĳʼ磬Ϊͨĵһ㣬Ϊе޵ͼߣͨҲ
ڵһ㾳Լ򣬱ڵһļ⣬ﵽ˵ڶ㾳磬ее߶һ磬嵶еĴҲһ۷
컺һٴεһƣһȻ󽫿ձʢ˳һۣŽŵ㾳磬ν޵е
һԶ𾪲ѡ
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һ磬ҲΪĵ֮ɣ޵絶һ㣬â¶ľΪУ˱һѵ
һ٣Զĵ嵶һۣ嵶ټŬ˵ô˾磬Ϊǿߣ
ǵ߾𣿡ǧҶʱѾȫˣеľ̾Щ


276 ɿ
ǣȻ󣬺ֹ
콫еľУ¾ƱĲ㾳Ӧ޵޵
޵޵
һԼͤе߾̾ˣԶͤеҲ졣
ǵ嵶鼫ΪţԶԶû֮ǰĮ֮⣬ȻĻסңҲͬĹ۵㡣
ļǿߣҲͶȵĿ⣬ȻҲԳм֮⡣
ν޵޵Ѿˣɻ
һǳľ磬ڡľ磬磬͹似Ѿãǧ;ͬ飡ǹꪺȭû𣬶ֻǹѣɱ¾Ǿ꣡
΢΢һֻ̾ǣҪﵽ־磬ǳѣĸߵͶۣƾԵʱһ˵ĪĹ
ȻֻԼļ⣬ϣҪӰ쵽λ쿴һΧߣЦŵ
Ϊ٩ֻǼΪ˼š
֪λγƺվһ죬ﲨӿЦȻ
죡첢ûŶԷ΢΢ף
죿ֺϤƺ
Ҳǣƺո˵
벻ˣǽͷʹ

һ֣˸еϤֻȴǲˡʵҹһսĪϴֻڳ˼ûȥԼǲֻ˴˵ѡ
ң۾壬ͣתţ¶һ˿Ц⣬漴죬ϵܣôƺ˼
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ңĶԻȻУ˵ĺƣֽ̬֮
ߣͤһһȻң˸ղŵ۲̫⣬Ϊ嵽ϽעͶӰ֮ϡ
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ɿƺһλʦܰɣ
䣬Ӧʦ֣

ңȻڣϾһţƷţʵȻǿ
벻ܿڵĵӣ֪ʵкι֮ɫ̹ȻԶɫӰ
ڵʵȷʵǿɿֻǸͨĵӶѣǧҶ濴ɿգ
ŶȷʵЩͷ
ʵһڵʵҲǿ֮ܶ࣬ϣռǧҶһĽ
Ŷ΢΢ȣȻ⻰飡
ţУʮλ֮սǿǧҶƺЩ࣬ڵλƴʱѾ֮˰ɣ
ڵʵȻȻͷʵĵӣңһЦ֪սΣлһҪһ
һΧ˶ЩȣҲԲмֻȴ˰ۡ飬ңͷ龰
֮ϵÿһλųǿսԽսĸ֣սȻö˵ǧҶҲЩɻ֪߶˵ʵǿ󣬵ȴΪ˿Դ
ңһЦ˵ȻĿ֮ϣΪѾ˼ɽ֮ϡ
ǰˣɿ¶һ˿Ľ֮⣬ȴδһ˿а֮⡣
ŮӺϣŮӣ˻֮⡣
ӣˣɿһ֣
乫룡廹˵֮ռָһľС
ɿϵЦȻеıһһƵǵƽǽıгУĳ
ɿóԼıУ岢δһ˿ĽţɫȻ
ͬʱУ˹ȥԻսδʹκ似
ףǶս֮̽
ﬣﬣﬣ
еײ𣬽˵˹ȥ졣
ϵܣ˵˭ȡʤң۾һֱϣЦŵ
ɣ쿴ԶӰɿȻţ츳ϲ壬ң֣Ҳ
ǧҶһ֣ǲ֮ɫ
˵ûҲǳţǧҶ濴һۣǴܶˮڵĵӣ
ˮڣҲǴĶƷţڲ£ʵȻ
岻ż֧֣Ŷŵ֧ţʵȻңңһ㣬ɼ츳һ㡣
ֻǣʱ컯Ūˣһ꣬ʱƿ̤ˡ
˽ʮغϣһʱʤ֣Իصɽ֮ϡ
벻ʵ֮ǿĳ۽簡ɿտ壬Цŵ
乫ʵҲᣬɽȪˡ
ҪˣϣӲҪɿϵƶޱȵص
룡
³һֺҲͷųͬһѽ֮ơ
ףڽϵҲΪ΢Ծȣ漴ңϸ磬ǻһ԰
Ǻǣ˵˵ұǿңţһЦ
ԵǧҶʱͷߣңǸˡ
ʱֻɿڿնԳɴСԲӰͬʱıûһɫĳ򣬶˵ǹ졣

ɿմһ˲壬ޱȣйɱǿ󣬶ҲǼ졣
еıлûһɳӰϮ塣
Ҳţб٣ԪûӰͬʱеıǰ̳һɳɫӰϯɱɿա

ﬣ
еײı˲սһ𣬲һϢ뿪
ҵϵˮӿ˰̡


277 
𿪺ǿֹס˵Σеıţɿա
ɿǳ˰Ϣſʼӭ˶Էеı߾٣ûһɳıӰ塣
У
Ȼ壬һɵ֮ɢб鶯쳣ûγһɶ೤ľ޽ӭ˹Ӱ
ӽʶ
䡭
Ӱײ֮˲飬񱩵ΧˮĴɽ
ɿһ֮ȴδȴͬʱԷ
ŭΣ
ʶ
ٴαˣ˺ɣɿǱɰ롣
һζԹռϷ磬¶һ˿Цݣɿգһء
Ϣ֮ɿȷеиڰգԳһҫ۵ĺӰǰǻûɫӰ
꣡
ɿϵƶɫӰ˲Ϯ塣
ɿ˹֮ʱҲѾʼ˹еıֱֱ̳һɳʵӰӭϮĺɫԪ
һն磡
䣡
ҵԪɢٴˣλãɿյȴЩȣɡ
ץסᣬǿֹס˵Ӱеı˲ɳڿɣܵԪӿ
죡
յıûһɴСɫӰͬӰһϮɿա
ɿնʱЩţĶ̫ˣæ֮䣬ʹǿһУд̳Ԫӿ塣
취
ֻǣѾټϴæ֮䣬Ϣȣûл۵۷壬Ĺ˲䱻ĽӰɢв֣ǵɣһ˿Ѫ
壬ڰգӸ߶£ɿա
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֪Լôܵģûа취˾ǰˣûʲô˵ġ
ɿĨȥǵѪһöҩ幰֣ʵǿ²Ƕ֣
Ҳǽһʤ乫Ӳ⣡ȻһЦ
֮ͬʱ˻صͤУʱҵԻӦžʵս
ʵ治սʶǳǿսǻۣһŮӿģֻЩս߹ˣʶ쿴ԶǵӰ̾
ȷʵȴҪǿңһЦԶӰʦָ㣬սԸһ㣡
ȥԣÿԴԸ쿴һң
ʲô㾹ϸ磡ǵģңƲƲ죬ŮӺϣѵû˵𣿡
Ǿ𣿡ΣңЦŵ
˭˵ҲǾˣҸ㣬Ҵȥ͵ҵĹŮϴ裬ȥׯʶţңһĻţ
ǧҶһԣͷ󺹣ɻأ治֪Ժδ
飡˭ţӣӻ࣡ƲƲ죬ȻңĻ
˵ϵܰ⡮ӡҵרʣǧҪԣңؿ죬
ðɣԺ˵ˣʼ磬Զ壬ɫϸ磬ĿѾͷˣ
ҾǾú棡ᣬüϱЩ§һĹĽң̾
İҡҡͷȰʵȥɣ£ûʲôĽģ
ңһͷļ򣬵ϵܵģ

վͤУղŴսʤûһ˿ۼ΢΢ӣšһۣλΪҷϾʵӾʢ磿
˵֮صλϣĿȺдš
Ϣ֮һɫӰڼɽ֮ϣɫĮȻͤеλǿߣǵ˻ڣ˭һս
еĿ֮⣬ͤе˲ЩСһҡ֣ţҲ۽ԵĿ
˿ʼˣ
ÿļһﰡ
ǵ˻ڣû뵽ֿ֮
֮ܣ

һ￴ᣬһ֮ѣʲôģңüͷ΢վȥѵСһ£֪ߵغ񣡡
棬ѵ
ңһۣ۾һգЦŵȷ
кϷˣ鿴ң߳ȥӰֹ
ǧҶ¶˷֮ɫƺȴѾõ鼴ΧҲǴ񣬿ص굽Ǻηʥ
ңʱľһ۷壬ԼϢԱʵ
ֻżأʩչβ˲ڵ˻ڶļɽϣһӣĶ֡
ңһ֣˻Ȼ
˭
ôδˣ
ⲻλǰ𣿡
˺ùŹְ

һ죿˻ڿңֶԷһ֮üͷʮֲصѵľûи𣿡
ȻЩѾڰ˻Դ֮ǰʤǿĵ䷶ôյĻԴ󣬼Ȼ˼Ҹϳһʵ
˷Ӧһ˻һ˿ŭ⣬ңȥɣǿһģ
仰Ƕ˵ģ˶ʹһ
ңϷʵؿŵ˻ڣһԲƺǰ֮ɽеĺһ㡣
˻ڷңһԼĻ˶߷磬ŭôȥ
ӣңģүҿᣡúúýѵһ
һΧʱʶңĶڹЦʶĶΪһѺ
˻һ࣬ŭɱ֣𺣬
ңȫûнУһϷʵӣŵ˻ڡ
˻ϵƶһ˲ңǰץңĲӣɱ⣬ҪңĲӡ
ȻȻһδһ㣬ΧѾںСġˡ
˻ΪңԼֶθסˣŻûжһץǰӰ˲ɢ
һ㶣ŲŷԼһӰʵ־ңĲӻʱңſʼˣβʵһ˿Զġ
ô£
ôˣ
ȥĶˣ
ù

˻ڷԼʧ֮󣬶ʱתܣѰңӰ
ȻңһϷʵ鿴ͬʱַŭѡ
С
ֹһ˻ȭǰңȭͷɢľԪʹΧĿ
ǣȭͷңʱŷ⻹һӰ
ʧˣ

ʵ
Ƕ



278 
ңٴγʱڵ˻ڵߣ˫ֱأϷʵؿŵ˻ڣǻһ˿˿Ц⡣ǣڵ˻ڿЦ⣬ȴŭߣƺңڳ
֪㣬׼Կ˻ں
Ϊ˽ѵ㣬ó֣ûҽսʸ񣡡ңһЦ
ɱ㣡˻ϵ۵۷壬ֳצץңؿڡ
Ѫݽߣ
ңûܣӳʵ޻һƣӭ˻ڡ
䣡
ɢ˻˺һɣңȴ˿
ʲôôܣ
ʲôûɣ
̫ǿˣ

Χ˶ʱٱеļѡܶ˶֪˻ˣʱ䣬ԥǸ˲֪ʵ˿ڵ嵶
ֻǣôǿһߣȻδܺң˿ʵ˴۾
˻ǲŷӦԷʵҲԼ֮ϡ
ʵ֪ʱңѾǿѹԼսһ־ͻ˻ɱԷͲˡ
˻ɫأŴҲû֮ǰĿˣתͣң
Ϣ֮ҡҡٴȫʵһѪɫӰӣƹֳ֣צֱץңؿڡ
ңȻ壬ֻӳħһʩչ赭дػ˶ԷĹ˻ڻɣԼȻվԭأһ
˻ڿ־ˣδĶ֣ܽԼɵߣҲһţԷǲΪ
ʱΧѾһƬˣңʵȴڳЦⵥ˻ڡ
ˣ
˻ں˫ֳצѸңݵƣԶΧ֮˶Щܡ
ңδǷħֻٴν˻ڵĸоʹ֮֮ԶС
˻ڿնϵƲһӰƻһɴСѪɫӡƾճ֣Ϯң
滯񹦡棡
ңѹľ޴ӡüͷһϻǿԪֱӽѪɫӡΡ
վôиãͳˣңֹһٳץеĵ˻ڣһɴСɫֳڵ˻ڵͷ
ͨ
˻ڻûӦ㱻ңһסֱӽˮС
ģ̫ǿˣ
ż񰡣̫˧ˣ
Ҫʦ

ǿԥʲôʱǿ֮ˣ忴ңڰյӰ
һɵУȴǿĴʣңΧ̾ĽݵĿ⣬⣬ʱʱȥһʮܵ
Ϣ֮󣬵˻ڸϺ棬ǱңУ˾壬Թޡ
ɣң˶Էеһ˿Թޣ漴üͷһһȳ
ž
˻ֱӱȷˣںϣѪһİӡ

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ŵӣûʵиãңһ۵˻ڣҲֱ˻صͤС
ʱͤе˿ңòһˣ˵֮ǰңǸˣôʱңе
ң֣Ҳֲ̫ˣģǧҶ濴ңЦ
ˣ˭СӿˣҽѾǼˣ´ΣһӣңһͦţǧҶһЦ죬򣬵ôϸ绹аɣ
飡ûжУƲƲ죬ҵǸоһƣ
ңһʱͣƬ̲ſڣʵưԷ̫ˣɱû˼ֲǲˬ
̰ɣ֮кˣ콫ƺݸ˼ңļȰ
ңû˵۾һ¿Լˣ΢Цŵϵܣûз֣עӵĸоǳˬ
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Ŷףϵܵģңйһ㣬ͷƷе
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˻ûͤңصλ֮ʣʧˡ˻ûдңղŵıзӦĿⶼۼڵͤС
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ֻǣϺܾû˳Ȼû˺˼ң֮ȥۡ
ϢʱȻţûһ˿ӦЩΡ
쿴˿ԵǧҶ棬ǧҶ֣ȥԣʵ
ңǧҶȻûзӦָָԼŵصȥǶۣ
Ҫô˵ߣֻҪʵЩǧҶļ򣬵
ðɣȥȥֺңֿɲҪЦ£ǧҶվ
᲻ᣡȥңǧҶļ򣬹
ǧҶͷһ˺Уڼɽ֮ϣȻȭ˵ղңֵıݣʵҵȺգӲͷƤֻΪ׷󣬲֪λ̨дһ
ǲŴҲ֪˸ղ˵ֽңʱû˵ǧҶϳ۵ģϾң֮ϳ˿Աġ
ͬʱҲ˳дĻᡣ
ǧҶû˵Լ֣Ϊܶ˶ʶΪʵжǿԥǣʱ䣬ڳǿߴ򽻵ԣ˵ˡ
ǧҶ֣дһ
һӰںϣǧҶļɽϡ
ԭǺ֣룡ǧҶ濴ˣ΢΢һЦ
룡
˲䣬Ӱײһ𣬱ཻޱȡ

ϵܣ˵ǧҶܲսʤԷңһۺüë΢漴Ŀ죬
ѣ쿴ųϼӰɫȻûлᣬʵֻҪǧҶܼעֿܻʤ
ʵǧҶ涼ڣֻǣǧҶոͻƲãϢȣӦͻɣѾȫԼ
ң˵츳޼һΡԣǧҶʤļʲ
Ȼʵս֮ʱսһ棬ҲҪġУ
ãԽǰߵضƷ
ʵдıȶ˫ʵв࣬ôʵ͵ջһЩʵߵԽСһЩ
սǧҶ棬ΪʶҲΪǧҶʶң
ս֮ʱû˿ȫʩչⳡд辫
ǧҶ֮нңǧҶ棬
нҲͷǧҶ潻֣ܸоԷЩ΢СĽ
ǧҶ츳ҲͷӦûеõŵص


279 ңVS嵶
鿴ǧҶӰǧҶԻڣƷţȴںˮڣοǻϯӣȻ޷õŵصչˣ
ڣ૵Ӧϵǿ߰ɣ
ףߣ֮󣬾Ӧ֮ɣ˼
ߣȷʵǸ֣ѹǧҶᱻûֹ
ԶսǳңϰٸغѾȥˣǧҶ潥֧ʱ·磬׷Ŵ
ʮغϺǧҶ汻ˣһսʤǧҶûһ˿ʧ䣬˷ܲѣΪ˾޴ջȫˣ١
лִͽ̣ǧҶźֵ
ǧҶˣֻǽҶѣҲ
´лֽ̣
˻صԵͤУ˼Ÿղŵս
ʱһӰӳͤӣڼɽ֮ϣһˣĿϣɣλԸдһ
Ȼ˵Ƕ˵ģĿϣⲻö˵ǽս졣
ɣ֮ǰ˵֮ʱ꣬һ£棬ȷʵԵǧŮ֮ࡣ
ɵ̬ʹü΢в֪ɵ˼ҲܿĲϾܸңǿһ̸Цʵôء
ɣ
ﰵ
ߺȣϵܣаСưңԶɵ̬һЦóְ򱻱˿Цˣ
ǲ⣬֣ǧҶ汾úһ¸ղս֪ɵľٶסˣΪص
Ƿѵص
û£˼ҽսܾ£۾еľȫУȻͤȥ
˳ˣ
ɵƳɹˣ
ңԱߣʵӦò
ʲôǰǺǿģǸɶ꣡

ʩչŲƴ󷨣˲ڼɽ֮ϣڰһӰ
˾̾ѣ
쿴ɣҲ죬̬̫ɣʮֲϲ
˭вս֮ˣ

ôһһ˷ˡ
ӣŭѡ
֪ǳǧҶ΢ֹ
ˣе˼СӲˣңˣһĴȣҾͲˣʵͨԸһһŹ֣ôأ
Ƴһɣص죡
ߣһһ죬³аɣ
һȺֿʼˣң˱ɸˣЦ
Ҳң˵̬ʱ˼֣Ծ
ã
쵭³һ֣Ȼ˼Լ֣ԼܾĻ̫ˡ
ֻϵͷųӰ֣ϽâʤкǿϢѹ˴Ǿɡ
ţ̽ץɡ
צ֣

ֻһеˮľһʮɳϽɫˮڿնڰգɳȥɴϽצץ¡

ɱסˣûзӦ㱻ϽצסûϽ֡һֱӽ
ɵԪʱ⣬޷
ͨ
Ϣ֮ˮϽ޴ˮɱӽˮˣûʮϢʱ䣬޷ɢġ
ʱϳңȾƵΪޱȵİÿ˶˵
֮˲Żع񣬳˳ݣп־塣
ǣˮ٣˫ֽţΪš
ȻʮϢ֮ɲŸˮ棬ҲûͤһۣȾܣϢûӰ
䣡
˻Ȼɵľٶʵ˾
쿴ҲûߵķֱӻصͤС
˵ϵֵܰô˧㲻֪ὫҸոΰѹȥ𣿡ңƲƲ죬죬Ϊ
ϸ磡ʧʧ´һСģͷߣεص
ţ⻹࣡ң˲¶ЦҵѧһЩڵ似ֹﻶģ
˶ʱǳ鴤εҡҡͷ
ʱֻԶͤе嵶˹
ע⵽һ㣬ңֹСӲҲ°ɣҵӡͦõģĪǿ˲ɡ
嵶ǹԼսְɣǧҶɻĿڵ嵶Ͽ˿ͣƬ̡
쵹Уƺһ޹أƽϣá
嵶߽ͤӣżһ֣Ȼңһս

ֹͤеˣе˶˵嵶ĻЩɵˣЩȴɻ󲻽⣬˽
嵶ǲӳˣ
ⲻŰ𣿡
ѾĳԴҩ˰ɣ
Ȼǻңģ
񾭲

ңеľƱ͵ߣ嵶ĻʱɻˣŶԷ˼ۣȻˣ̬ԼˣֻǿҲһɻ̬ʱ֪û
ûɣңͷȻǺ⣿
֪Լʵ㣬һ볢һ£嵶Ͽ֮Ŀһֱңϣ۲̬仯ԷֶܾԾ롣
⡭ңһʱԾת죬ʵϵܣô
дһ޷˼۵嵶һЦ
ðɣңͷȻ嵶룡
룡
ͬʱ뿪ͤӣңȴڵ嵶ڼɽϡ
ңɫȻȴû֮ǰǷɵ̬֮Ͼ˼̬ȳϿңҪҪġ
嵶ңɫأһţϵһѳʱâ֡
ó˳ңó˷ɺ罣ϵƽȻͬһУһΡɽһһ
嵶еĵ߸߾ϵ۵۷壬һɳʵ޵Ӱ֣Եƥ
һ
ֻһеĳ֣תγһһɴСɫ쫷Ӱӹ޿赲֮ƣϮң
ףеƯңһ˿ɫȴûһңеķɺ罣΢΢γһƬɫƣ˱ɸߵΡɽƴ̾Ϊֹ
ʥ罣
ңֻ˲һɵĹӰݺᣬԪûһѰɫӰӭĻӰ
䣡
ûһ˿ͣӰ˲䱻ɣԪɢȥңĽԪȴǼûм٣ŵ嵶ɱȥ


280 VS
嵶ɫأҿصУһ˿ο֪ңʵжֲˣͤеҲңʵ˸һʶ
ԪϮ嵶ǰתȫԪ塣
ﬣ
ңĽԪ̫ǿˣ嵶ͷųĻԪ˲ɢֱӻڵ嵶ĵ֮ϣһ֮𣬵嵶ǿɣ˺֮ϡ
嵶ЩǱңˣ֮ĲȻܴ󣬲Է
ֻż㣬Զеңɱȥ
񵶷Ǭ
嵶ңɣն޵Ӱʵâԣг߾٣ûһɳɫӰԪ
һң֮Զʱ򣬳£ɳĵԪӰ˲ң
ңеɫһţзɺ罣̳һһĽԪ˲両֣γһɳɫӰӭ˵嵶ĵԪӰ
ʥʥ
Ԫײһ𣬲ûһ˿Ԫ˵ԵСޱȣڽԪѹ£һϢ㾡ɢȥԪȥƲٴɱ˿еĵ嵶
嵶߳˺飬˲ĽԪϮζȻһ֮࣬ܿϮĿֲԪ
ǿ
Ľ
Ľߣ⣡
ʵǿܵ𣿡

Ϣ󣬺йƽ嵶ڼɽ֮ϣʱЩƣ
ʵȫ֣սٻغϣҲһеƣǽ񷬳ΣѾЩˡ
ǴδңǿĶ֣Գܵѹ
ЩԼǿߣս֮ʱԳӣǹǿĶ֣û˶ֻѹʹԼ߲ƣϰ
嵶ǹ˺飬ɫЩ԰ףĺЩ٣ҡ
غ˼ŬʹԼƽ̩Ȼң֪ǿ󣬵ȴ֪ǿ̶ֳȣϰ񣬴δƣţҼǿͬߣ
Ǻǣˣʵǿͬ߱ȱȽǣֻûѣ˵ţң죬ȻƵ嵶ϣҶܵʵ֮ϣ
˳ңĿ⿴ȥ嵶Ŀͣ˲һϢʱ䣬૵ʱ
ôҪս𣿡ңŵ嵶һЦ
Ҳ֪ҪҪս嵶ЦţǱˣǲ⣬Ҳһս㽻֮ƺսҲûˣ
Ϊһˣп־ģΪһߣԶ֣˿־壬ȴȱݣߣη壬һǰ飡ңԵ嵶ķӦƺЩʧϣǿֻһվ۷λ˶ߣÿ߶հǰ˺ǰʧˡ
˵Ķԣҵ̫ˣӶ˸ղŵķӦ嵶ңĻ˲򣬵ͷйâ֣һᾡһսɣ
ţңͷеķɺ罣΢΢ݳԪûһѰɴСɫ޽֣ޱȡ
ʥʥ
ɺ罣û˵ɫ⽣ŵ嵶ѹȥ
ʰĵĵ嵶г߾٣ڿɣٴν˵һ֮뵶Ϊһ壬ֱתţγһݣԽתԽ죬ϮĽԪȥ
Ӱն
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𣬿쫷һĵԪ˲ײڽԪ֮ϡ
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ԪɢȥԪǱ˴롣嵶ץסᣬٴʩչӰնԪңɱȥ
нԶ쿴˾һ˿ɫͷ
ңˣ¶Ц⣬żϮУеķɺ罣˲̳
룡
Ԫĵɽ緢һ㣬ƥ˲תɫӰ֮ϡ
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һ죬嵶߷һ㵹ɶں̵Ĳƺϣһ˿˿Ѫң̩Ȼŵصĵ嵶Цš
嵶վĨȥǵѪңһ֣лȫ
˵֮󣬱㾶ԻصͤС
ŵ嵶߿Ӱңصͷʩչβ˲ʧӰʱѾҲࡣ
嵶ֻԲȣĥ£ɳɲţңһ죬еľƺЦŵ
һߣҪ츳Ҫ쿴˲Զĵ嵶һۣͨʣ̲ߣɾ۷ߣڣ츳ľ֮ţȻˣ
Ŷô֪ģңɻˣ츳Ȼ£ͨ˳ɾ۷壬ȴˡ
ʷϹżмصĲ٣ʱԶ෭һЩ鼮˽һɫ
ţеңͷŵöã嵶ʵдȵ
ȻҲ

Σ˲Ŵӷžʵսлع뽫ĿƵңϡ
̾ٴ𣬰Ƭ̵ֿͤʼ
建裬ˣһ֣Ȼ죬Ĺӣָһ֪ǷԸ⣿
Щ֪룬ǰٻӰȻңԹ񣬿Цһʧ֣˹
ʱ˿ʼôõĻᣬŮһȴƴˣҽڻôĿǹ⣬ô˵ء
޷ŹӵʵȻһЦһʧңһǾȻпˮҺ÷ֵ磬򣬸սĸߴ㸲ˡ
˼Ƭ̣ͷԣ
Ӧˣһ˿ɫϲѣȻΣеĲǳΪ˲˷쳣뿪ͤӣɵɽϡ
߳ͤӣȴңסֻԷһԹϵܣ˼ǸŮӣ㣡ȻϸҪˣ
ãһһεؿЦһңļ򣬵
ǧҶһߣңԸѴĦ
Ӱƾճڼɽ֮ϣеռ⾳ʹãʹԵøĪˡ
ǵͤͤٻӰЦȻﲨĿϡ
ֹְɣֵ
ӽ弴̣ƺĳƺӣ
һͤеֿʼˣЩ˻͵͵塣
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Ȼ˵ȴ촫ϵܣǧôаȻϸûϷˣ
ⲻ̫ðɣ˼һ˵ܾܾӦң
͵ϸæ𣿡ңԹޱȣ찵ԿЦ
аɣԿʵڲУҲûа취


281 ˻굶
Ҳǿ㣡ΪĻңںһ㡣
쿴壬Ϊ״ƺ̫ðɣ
ЩʧһֶѣӺα⣡
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ȻЩ֮ǰúúܶ࣬ţҲãôҳˣ
˵꣬гĳ߱ϵƶȻ˻һѳʱӢˡ
ֳһɳľ޽Ӱеı̳Ԫ˲ɳ

ɫȻϵͷţһɽ˲֣۳ɳĽɫӰӭĽԪ
ųԪ
ͷųһɵĹ˵ʵǿޱȡ
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еı߸߾ĽӰʵ˼֣һɫԪţû㽣Ӱ̳
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ɫӰֻǼһϢʱ䣬ɢָȴѹ塣
ƺʲôֻ˲ڿգб߸߾˺ͽ·𻯳һɾٽ˽һ

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ֻһ죬Ȼǿռľ𶯣ɫӰ˲ɢһӰɳȥںϣЩ԰ףսزš
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վŴؾԶ죬ʧֵ֮Ĺʵ̫ǿ岻УʹգΣ
û˵ֻͷԷԼ˼֮󣬱ʩչռ⾳ٴλصͤС
忴ʧӰһʱЩ㱣΢΢̾һһͤеǵӰתصԼͤС
ϵܣҲ̫ˣһŮô³ңһ죬вص
⻹ǰ˼ģƲƲ죬
˵ϵܣɱԩҰʲôʱôˣң˫ֱأ
û˵һϧûлˣ𣿡ңļ򣬵
Ŷԭ˰ңȻ¶Ц⣬ļ򣬵ϵܶҺã
ǧҶһۣȻ죬ʼ磬Ц
ⳡսһ˷ѾβƬ̣˱뿪һЩ˹ңʽ飬ֻѾ뿪ͤ
ڷ԰ʯϣΧɫͬʱҲš
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ôˣפɽҰɻ
пˣ쵭һЦ
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ǰȥʮһʯЦŵȻˣαزͷβɣ
ֻǣĻ˵֮ȴûзһӰǧҶɻˣ˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻһһɸߵĴʯʲôҲûУңǿʯͷҲͨɽʯˡ
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ǰ֮ˣֻ£ͷȫںɫĶ֮Уɱ֡
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Ǹ֣Ȼûңǿ󣬵ϵǹɱ⣬˿졣


282 ʮ֮Լ
˿˱ضǳɱ¾֮У˫մѪȡ
ºˣΪڴҵȣɫԶӰص
˻굶ǺɫӰ³֣ϣͳɳƣɭɭģɱ⡣
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˻굶ǰ˻굶ǧҶ󾪣ɫ԰ףЩ˿־塣
ɫһ㣬ȻտʼҲЩ𾪣ǿԵң֮㵭ࡣ
˻굶ɱڣǱţҲеݺͶ
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ǧҶһƽϢһص˻굶Ǵɱ֣ɱ⵽ܶ׷ʮǰˣ˵ǧҰȥ
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Ȼˣ˻Ǿò̫ţǧҶ档
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˻굶ƽŲȥһٶȣڶȴǼˣǱܣĲǼߣ岽֮һӰӹУԪӿ̵˲۳ɳľ޵ӰӸ£졣
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һضɽҡɽϳһɴСľ޴ӡׯϣأֲ
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ңЦɫҲˣɫȻ֪ԼʵһЩÿοı֣͸оԼԷĲӡ
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ǹƥս⣬һֳĸо˫Ƚס
˻굶һѪõ֧վѾֵɽǸ޴ӡ֮ʱȫסˡ


283 һ֮
δй־̶̲ʱȻο־塣ΣĿ־壬ǰδеĿ־塣
ԸһϹУҲԸһֲС
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ѾЩˣЩڼǧҰ壬ûмǧҰ壬Ӧûţ
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˻굶ǿվΣڲţоԼ˫ѾûˣܣƺʹŴһǸӰ
ʵ㲻úڣ쵭صûжԼʱѾһѻҽˣȻ¶ԼʮΪޣȻôɱ㣡еʱ䣡
һ٣ʱָ֮óȫʵΪȡǧҪߣҵٶӦñ죬Ӳҵģ
˵֮תң˵ķȥ
˻굶ԶȥӰյһֱڲţϢ֮óһѵҩУѸٵתԪˡ
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ĸŵ꣬Ավŵǿ˽֮ĳڣƺͻƲá
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ŶǲǾŹˣ꿴ɣЦһʦѾ龳۷ˣţҲ־磡
̫ɣеĿ־һţһб㽫ֹסӳʮԶҸûл֮
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ǶеɵĻҲͶȻ޷ĿҲܸܵϵ𾪺ɻ
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ص۾һֱŵϴֻܵϣû˵ĻΤХ췢֮һȴ˵ˣǰͼ


285 һս
˴󾪣Ƕ٤ޣվߵߣѭŶԷĿ⣬Ҳ˵սֻϣüͷһĿƵϣעŶԷ۾Է˭
δ𻰣ɶŵϵϣϢ֮һֻСϱһֻˣҡҡͷ̾һĿɨ˳һۣ󶨸ߣǳ׹ȣǼһޱţȴŵʱһ˶սǸ֮ǿߣȴ·磬ƴȫնɱһˣһˣˣ
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ǼһҲˣ᲻أ˺ϹɽնɱֻǣΧ֮Ѿˣû˸ǰȥҡҡͷ̾һ
֪Ժη𣿡٤˼һ
ӦǺɫƽ

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ϵպϣ


286 һ
Ȼǰǰ׺ƾ绹һЩ
ΤХ֪ʲôദߵĵཻӰϵԪ纣һӿ
ڿն𣬵߾٣˲ɢǿҵĽ⣬ȴżֵ⡣
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˵գϵƶȻͷųʮǺ֣սѹȥǵء


287 
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˻صջʰһ£ȥĦ뿴ȴԼԺվһ˵Ůӣ˲ɵɻ
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εؿЦһŮӣɲԲȥһ£
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صջ֮첢ûзң˵ӰҲȥ룬ڷ
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291 Ħ״
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ǧҶعҾͲȥˣʦŵˣҪףһ·ƽ
ţðɣлǼͷ˵ʱʵֽˣ
ԸɣǧҶͷ
˽һЩƲˣԺϣʰһ֮󣬱ֵˡ

죬ŵĦ룬ⲢΪĦ·ңԶǱ·ȽУ֣ɽڣϡ
ŰԶͦɽ룬첻̾ƷţȻѾ˥䣬Ǳڡ
һɽ룬ΧļԸߴΰ·һͷǱŵʨ
ԶԶȥɽ֮һЩߴĹ¥󡣴ĻпԵ֪ܶ޴ĹںܾǰͱٵˣִģֻǵʱһЩ۵Ľ
ǣеЩ۵ĽȴҪܶࡣ
ʶɨһ£ȴüͷ
һ£ʶ֮̽ڵߵ嶼ǱȽϼɻ飬첢δ̽ڣֻɨһȴſפˣлһЩǿĴڡ
ЩԾֹס˵ĽŲϢ
Ȼɻ󲻽⣬ǱȽ죬Ϣ
ôˣ鿴ܣĿƵϣɻ
ʱңҲһɻֹ
ʦ֣֮ôפߣ쿴飬ɫ֮
ʲôߣ龪һ漴ͷųʶ̽ȥңҲˡ
ôأЩʲôˣ
ģвǿ߰ңҲǸ̾һĪǽʲôղɣ
գᣬͨӣûʲôģҡҡͷ
ЩӦòѣҡҡͷɫȻĦȻ˥䣬ǿǧ˵ģѣӦóڣôվſأ
Ȼɫ䣬һµģ
ͣ٣ŵʦ˵Ħ˥ûУ
߲ƣɫĦȻ˥ˣƷŵʵַߣʵҪСģ
˵ͷɫ


292 Ϯɱ
ĵǱȥ漴Ӧ䣡˵漴飬ûкţƹȥ
УǵɽڰɽС·ƵɽнݾԽڣһ˼üͷ΢ֻǣҵǻὫ·ڷ
ģפС·ҲΪ壬ǿ߶ſڣֻһЩʵפСȻ漴ʶչʮСĵ̽һطȷʵԷмǿߣ
鷳ˣɫء
£ǿӦ΢΢һЦļ򣬵
˻棿¶˵ϲɫʵ
Ȼ΢΢һЦ
ͺãͺãһһЦ
ϵܣھߣң˿Զѵõһ
ߣϢС£
ʧԭء
һʱɫѾ˻ƻ裬յĦϣߴĸߴͬһѪ
ӰѾƵŲ⣬ʱȴûǰǱ
ǰһɳʮӰڲݵʯ֮ϡ
ȥԼĪʮˣ鶼龳ߣһ֮ģһ֮ĸ֮Ķ֮ġ
ϢܸоЩ˵ʵֻͨˮƽǿ˶ľͷ
쿴飬ʦ֣̫࣬Ǳڴ˴֣ҺʹȥǷսҲҪܣעԼİȫУ
˼εصͷû취ЩУʵĶҪԼǿԼȥˣ׸ֻܵͷͬҪ
ͬ⣬΢΢һЦʹ䰲ţңϸ磬ˣ
ˣҺþûдˣȺ·ӣǳүңһЦһԶӰ
Ҫȥ׷ʲô飬ٳҲ٣촫
Уͦ㰲ţϵܣôɣңЦţ
Ǹ֮ĽңˣΣ쵭һЦң
һҪǼһأңƲƲ죬
ڿ²У뾡սʱһԷǿ߸Ǿ鷳ˣҡҡͷ
ңһ룬ĻϾǸսҪѲʱ䣬ǿѸٽս
ãңͷʶһۣĲ˰ɣȻһ˲Щʮɡ
ʲôˣ֮ȷ˵Ӱ
ʱҲӦ뿴ˣеıţֱһ֮ʱһ
һ֮ߴһңĦĵӣ
ңһۣ΢΢һЦ쿴ˣǺˣΧΪ£
Ⱥһ㶣漴Ц֮ߵǧҰˣ
Լңһ֮Цŵ
ɳңһ֮߿ңˣϷʵص
ǧҰң
ĪǧҰݺ飿
֪ԵɣЩкεɱȷǵзѡ
ΪǧҰݺİɣ쿴һ֮һۣص
ţ֮ٴδһ죬漴˿ңüͷ΢
ǰЩ죬ԼôǿߣȻûһ˿ңĪΪ
Ħӽֶˣǰָ֮ߵ
ߣЦһ𹫵ģЩСžţ˭֪
漴ԼҺҵˣأûٵİɣǱΪ飿
˴ŭ֮Լ֮һ죬ͬʱȵС
쿴Ҳû֣һ
漴Ӱ˲ʧԭأ֮ˡ
ţãСģʧ֮ߴ󾪣Լ֮˺ͬʱҲʶȫչѰӰ
ңʩչβ֮ߣԲ׽Ρ
䣡
ֻϮ˵Լ֮˱ңһƻԶһôϡ
ңһ֮ûͣ˲ȺɱķЩ;ߣԶɱ
֮ǰԮȴоһΣս٣ֲ֮
Ҳû룬ŶͷϷĿȫĳһơ
䣡
һײ֮ߵ֮ԶѪβĿ־壬н졣
ʵ֮߾ֵ
Σ£ػһ䣬ԷػϵƶӰ֣dֹâգʮɷΧ
Ĺʹ֮˲סˡ
һ㶣ǰոˡ
˲ͷųΧɷΧԱϢ֣֮߸ܵеɱ¾ͻߵȵֲϢסʱѹʩչȫֿ
ѾˣоԼĵвԪȽѡңϷ·ʩغһ㣬ޱȣжٻ
ڣǿнԪҲˡ
ǣʱѾˡ
ֻӳƾճһֻϽɫľ޴ƣץ¡
ħٴءɣ
һɴİɫгھģֱӽ֮ȥ

УѾû˲ûӰ
һЩ߿ߵʱסˣ׷ʲô£ǻعĴżץȥɰٴʩչ˱ɫɣûټ
ãȥ棡ؼʱǧҰҵֱߴ
ʱ޷֮ߣһ֮ߣȴңһ˲סֲսϯ
䡭
ӶңץǺӷԪ˰
֮ڣ
̼䣬˱ķѣûɢˣȴǱң֮Զ
֮߳ûɽŵķȥңĻŹ
βһʩչһӰңնץ£ֱѹ֮ߡ
ȡ
˻û˵ڣ㱻ħסңԪٶ˲ͷų

һͷѵ˲һ⣬ѪĽȫĹ飬ͷǡ
һѾڣңδע֮ʱһӰӴüķɳԶȥ
ʱгһֻϽɫ֣һֲޱȵİɫУֱӽǰӰû


293 ǧҰ
ңع֪ʲô¡ϾŸճɽʵս鲻㣬ܶʱǹã˵𣬵ǣеʱЩղš
ЩսǱֵ߳ᷢģ촫ͬʱѾץˣһ󣬶Է㻯һѪ
ˣˣңڨڨһЦβʩչٴγȺ֮Уɱ¾
䡭
ʱ䣬ʮʬ壬ң֮⣬ÿһվŵˡһϵĵˣˡ
Щ˺첻üͷΪоԼɱ¾֮ԿƣҲ·ҰŵѪһ㣬˷ܣ
ղ˼ߣԼʵƺȻ΢΢ǿԸо
ֻǣԼЩԿˣһѪʱĵײ
ôһ˲䣬ɫԵޱȣȴֲ԰ײ
ҵʶеڹؼʱɢһɳξϢʹ彥ָ
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һڰ֣û£
ʵ²ӦԼ⣬оԼһѪħͷһ
Ŷңɻصͷ켸ۣ㲻ٶԡ
ʱ˹ųϵٿˣ֮ɫ
ʦ֣ǵĿռָˣǿߣָŵϵʬ壬
ͷٽϼʮöռָ˱źɽȥ
˵ĽŲ˲ͣ£ɫޱȡ
ֻʮĲݵϣʬ壬ʯϣһꡣ
Ӣΰһɰ
Ȼⲻͣԭ
ʮ֮ڣ
ֲңɫأǸԵսսʤ֮۷ߣʮ֮߾ͲһˣοԷĺڡ
ǿ֮۷ߵ֮ǿǶ˺ҲһסԷĹ
ңǰ֮˵Ϣƺͬͨǿһ㡣
ʦܣʦܣʦܡ鿴ŵϵӰеŭӡ
ʦ֣Һʹסˣȥ촫顣
ã鿴һˣ
˿ˣֻһ֮ߣĮصĦĵӰɣ
ǺˣƽؿŴˣ
ţĦȻֵʶĵӣҾȻûһ˿־壡˵ͷҽǧҰ
ǧҰ
ǧҰǿߣ
ǧҰ峤ĵܵܣǧҰݺ壡ɫأң
쿴ǧҰɫǧҰ壬
ǧҰɻˣǰСӵʲô˼ңоеϢЩ졣
Ҳû룬ô죬ҲβСʵ
ˣԷϵ߹ģұһԺҪ˳Ħ룬ǧҰ壡
üͷ΢壬һۣɫޱȡ
ңͻȻЦǧҰǲǻû˯ѣôүģɣӣʮ˲𰡣˭أ
˵꣬ɺ罣У˲ɱȥһ˲Ҳˣңɱȥ
ңĻǧҰһ漴ɫһ䣬֪ô֪Լģ΢һ룬µӦǽϴģϾΪ粢ʲôܡ
ֻ˵Ϣͷų֮ʱɫ΢䣬ΪǰȻΪ۷ǿߡ
ô֮۷ǿߣĦʲôʱ
ңһ־ɱУȫʩΪ
Ǭ
ħٴءڰ
ֲֿϢǧҰɱȻǧҰҴ⣬Ҳʹ˾ųɹ
ָ£
䡭
ǿײһγ˾޴籩ô˻ᣬһźɽȥ
Ϣ֮ɢȥңɣǧҰֻѡ
ߣߣǧҰһʮ顣
ʱңˣһʩչռ⾳ںŲ֮һʩչβ
ۿǧҰѾˣڴʱǰһɴңȴһɴͬʱ֣лǧҰ
ңʮɴСţнԪ裬ɱǧҰ
ʮɸߵĽӰǰdֹâͷһʮɴСġdתţϽâ
ͬʱͷų˽ɷΧֲֿϢ
Եز죡
ħٴءɱ¾
һǰһɿֲϢϮǧҰĹ𾪲ѡ
ǧҰ崦ڽֵֻܹʱоԼĹܵһЩ谭һɹ֮ϢԼ
ǧҰ漴ŭȫ֣΢࣬ȭӭ죬ȭң
ֹ꣡
䣡䡭
쵼ңɣȴǱһɣǧҰλûжֱֻ΢΢һ¡
Ľ򣬶Լʵ߽߲ɱãǶǧҰֱǿܶߣò
ǧҰĿ죬˲ɱȥΪоõ˶һ˿вĹ谭ԼֶΣо𾪡
Ħʱǿ似
ңҲܸоһ˿вԶԶûĪ⡣
ңķڵķնɱɳ飬漴һ룬ǽԵɱΪá
ϾңӵԶԷֲ似ö೤ʱ䣬вġ
ɣ죬ԳʮɸߵĽʿӰȭûʮɴСĺɫȭͷӸ£Ȼ¡
£
ɫأԳʮɽӰɷΧڽ֮УбƳ
ʮɴСϽɫӭϮľ޴ȭͷ
ħٴء𣡡
䡭
һײûɢţǧҰǿ󼸷֣˫Ѿ˵棬˴ŵϽɫѪ
˾ţ첻ϵرѹ֮¡
֮ڣ
ʱңץסᣬתɺ罣ûʮɽӰǧҰ
䡭
ɾ޴籩˲γɣӰɳȥֱ
ңɣǧҰ֮Զһ˿ѪǱң͵Ϯ¡
죬ǵ֮ԶڵϣȥǵѪǧҰûһ˿־壬һ˿ѪϢĹЦݣǧҰͷƤ顣
˺ǿ
ǧҰ֣Ȼѹ죬˵ԷȴûаڶʱֱղңһȻԼܵһЩˣǴ󲿷ֵĹȴתϡ
ͬʱͬʱʩչֹ


294 ǧҰ
ͬʱͬʱʩչֹ
ңս죬ԳʮӰǹ貣˷·սԾء
еķɺ罣ûʮӰǧǳϮǧҰ
֮񷣡
ǧҰβûɱ죬ǽתңԳʮɸߵĽʿӰȭûһʮһڵĺɫȭӭ˽Ӱǳ
죬βûͷųΪ̶ֳȵĶ֣ĽʱֲطϣϷͷš
Ȼ
ɢʮɸߴϽɫӰdֹâʮɷΧ
֣ûʮһɴϽɫӰнʮɴСİɫг֣ǧҰȥ
ħٴءɣ
ʱ죬ϽɫĹâʱɫʱɽɫ΢̣Цʮֹ졣
նһħһ㣬
䡭
죬սϳһʮɴСĿֲ籩УӰɳȥɳʯŲľڿзɽݻٳ顣
ʮϢ֮󣬲Źƽһʮ߰ɴСӣնңȴǵ֮Զ飬ͷңǲѪɫ԰ף˲ᡣ
ǧҰƺңҪأʮ֮Զײһʯϣ˺ۣǵѪϣɫ԰ף麹ֵؿ졣
ǿ֧壬öҩȻǧҰңǴңᱻǧҰնɱ
ʱǧҰȥңһ˫綾һӣ졣
ˣղӦȫԸŶԣҲܵ˰ˡ
ңǧҰͻȻЦӣҪˣ
ߣƾǣǧҰһңŭȫ˸ղŵĿ־壬ߣǰ;Уǻһ޷ϴˢĳ衣
ʱ춯ˣռ⾳ʩչ˲ǧҰǰɷΧ֮ڣͷţԷеѪ֮ɫͣţЦݿǧҰͷƤ顣
ǧҰҲûгɣӭսһƻԼǿһС

ƺҪȶԷôһɲǳֻ֣ӳɫ˲ڶԷϡ
䡭
һ죬쵹֮ԶٴѪ۾еɱ纣һ㣬ӿȡ

һҽУǧҰȴǵɣұѾʣһˣѪܵİ׹¶˳֧ȥޱȵؿ졣
ʲô㲻ˣ㲻ˣɫл˰ֱۣǧҰŷˣޱȣ󺰴УҺ˵ײǿˣữΪޡ
ңҪˣǲ˹֣ӦǧҰѾڵˡ
Ϲ𣬽Ųƶ˲ǧҰǰϽɫѹ£ɫٴγ֡

ǧҰһעһƴȫԪ纣Хһ㶯
䣡
һ죬һûȴһһѪһѪܵǧҰŲƶٴϮȥ
ΣǧҰûôõ˲䱻ɫûûӰ
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ģеɫȥ˵Ľɫֱ˻ɫظ
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ãˣ᲻أ쿴ңЦһû°ɣ
ˣңҡҡͷڤ񲻸ңһţ
ǲҰδôֲĶ֣㣬ҾͲˣңļ򣬵
˵ˣɱģңƲƲ죬ԽԽˣô£𣿡
ˣߣȻǿˣ쵭һЦ֮ǰǲʤἴǲҲţ
ҲǣҪǶԷ̫࣬ãһʹ֮ˣǾǲˣңͷɫأ˵˵ȥʵ
û취ʱ̫̣ıȵЩ˼ʮϼһ̾һЩˣʦҲ˰ɣϣҪе˳֣ȻǵǰĶӦ
Ϊ˽أжȽѣ̵ضʼ˹ˡ
ң̷һѵҩȴûУΪĿǰ壬ָѾûҪ˷ѵҩ
ৡ
֮Զ˼еĽŲ
۾ʶչӰ֮ŵıϵĿռָ˿ңڼȫˡ
ʱ̫̣ƲŻָһɶ࣬ȻжްˣսĻǲУһ֮߱Խնɱ
ʱ뷢׵ߴǰ
ߣ龳۷ǿߣÿһǧҰǿܶ࣬ʵĲ߶Խսʵʮ֮ڵʱҪǧҰǿ
Ħ룬Ȼ˥䣬ȻԱϡ٣ÿһͬнǿģҲƷŴ
ʦܣû°ɣǰ˿죬Ȼֿ˿ϵң
ˣⲻ󣡡쵭һЦ
ˣңʦأϲأ鿴ŴʱǱ֮죬е
Ҫʱָͷ漴ˣλǰǣ
ΪʦܣҲ֣Ϊ鲢ûиǣңҪĦ롣
ʦ𣡡ָмһλߣȻֿλˣʦ壬ʦ壡ǶĦĳϣ
λǰãλһ
Сֵܣö񣡡λ˰ڰ֣
ǧҰأϿһ͵ϵңȻܿ˿ǵϱɵĴӣһʱסˡ
ʦǰ죬Ѹó˼ö˵ҩСֵܣˣ콫ҩ£
˵֮󣬱㿴λߣһָңλʦܣȥ
ûжԣһңߡ
콫˵ݹĵҩƻȥǰҺٷõҩ˵ģ
ôУ˲ᰡõҩһҲԻָ΢΢һ㶣е
ǰģߣǿʱɸԭ쵭һЦס˵֣
ʲôʱСֵܰǧɱΪʡҩĦȻûյķɣöҩеģҡҡͷǿнҩУȻܣǧҰأ
ˣ֮£˵ҩ˵Ļ󣬵ص
ˣǰˣλҲǾɵ
ţͷҺʹնɱ
ʲôˣƺ̫Ļ˵ǧҰɱˣ
ͷãȻֻˣԼǣ
˻
λ˵һΪԼˣ־ں٩


295 ǿл
ǧҰʲôˣǿǺġ
Էʮ֮ڵߣκһ˳֣ҲҪһܽնɱ쾹Ȼ˵ңնɱ˭أ
λ˲֪ңսʱ֮ң֮ѣ˵䣬ҲͶʮңĿǰľ磬Ѿеˣ˵նɱǧҰǲš
ʱ鿪ˣ죬ʦܣĽǧҰɱˣ
ͷǧȷ
һʦɫʦ𣬼Ȼʦ˵滰ʵ
ٴαˣΪĦĵӣ츳ϳˣƷҲΪ̵ģȻ˵Ǳġ
֪СֵܵΪǣٴδ˼죬ɻ
ǰ㿴ıҵʵ磡΢΢һЦߣйԽսֽս
˵ָ꣬ңҴҲˣȷȷʵʵ֮ҲԽսսң
϶ʱˣͺû˵
λ˺Ӷ֪˵ǻ꣬Ҳû顣
֮Խսսʮ֮ߣǿǿţԽսʮһս֮ôҲš
ʵ£Ҫ˵λˣҲ̫ţΪһΪӦ֮ңңࡣ
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ҡҡͷԶ֮ʱ봫󣬲Ż򣡡
򣿶ôţɻˡ
ǰֵܶ˽йԲŻнսεؿЦһ͵
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ʱ鿪ˣ¶ϲɫλһۣʦλʦ壬һϢλʦĦģ
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˴󾪣ˣмǧˣʱȴĿɿڴ·һ
ٴΰ鿴˵ı飬Цš
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⺢ӣ첻ںԣƽʱģϿ飬вϲ
ʦ㻹˽ʲôʱ˵ٻ鿴˲ԼЦһ£
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ţͷ΢΢һЦҺʹĦˣϣλʦ岻Ҫܾ
⡭⡭ôأӭӭ汣ӣ汣Ӱϼ˳ˣմ󺰼
ڶ˵ļ룬ĦϲԽλ˸Ƕ꺮ůģ˵ͣ˵ҪıߣһŶԡ
ҿʱң˹Žƣѯһ֮˼̷ڡ

ĦĹ㳡ϣվٸˣжʮ꣬Ҳǧˡ
мӣӰмһͷĻ⣬λˡ
˵Ϊǹ㳡ߵģΪ֮ڣһòǧҰЩƵˣ˿ʮ꣬ΪʮڣȴûǧҰϢǿ
˱ǧҰҵǧҰǧҰһǧҰۡ
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֮λǧҰģΪǧҰҳǧ츳õ꣬˱ǧҰ˫ǧҰ۵ĶӣԣǧҰ֮λǧҰۡ
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ʵĲ࣬ĵɶӰѪգ˵ĦԵ


297 ǿɱ
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˵ңʦܺʦ˺նɱʮ֮ڵߣ

һĦ½̸¼ˣ١
ʱңȴϹϣǰɽĹأĦ档
·ߣٲͨվʯɽɹɿԨ㵽һϿ֮С


299 Ħؾ
ûһֻݻޣɿϿУʯƣٸĽسǰеѾƣ׭ŵּЩģ壬ûһ𣬱رϸţеĹϣ䵱֧ܡ
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ңҲǳһڴڵغţ޲ýС綼븹С
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ϹǰĵŨŨľ⣬ν˵ĦĴʦĦۣ
Ħۣ
΢΢ȣ벻ĦʦȻǴ۾ǿߡ
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Ϲ˷ֶɫƽʱˣԴ۾ǿߣֳ˵ƽ˿϶ʶΪǿĴڡ
ǽе뷨ûб¶
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Ŷɻ
ÿһʯϣһ׹׹ʦүһʦԵãϹ˵֮󣬿һˣһ飬бǾκ˷ӿˡ
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룬Ѹߵߵʯǰɴʯ׭ŵƷ񹦣ֻǰŵӺλϲſ
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˵֮ϹߵҲʯǰʯϼصƷ췣񹦣
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췢֣Ϲܵʱ¬һۡ˵Ʒ޼֮û˲ġ
˵ʵڵģǳ¹ʣĦƾŹ似ͳ
磬׼׵Ĺ似׵Ĺ似ޱϡˡ
ϹλһۣͷȻĿͣڶϣǿίԼĦ룬ûʲôԸģֻŹ似Ϊ񣡡
΢΢һЩжĦһ£ԼһԼң˺ŵΣѾ䵽˶˵ļϡ
һңֶԷҲڿԼһۣ΢΢ףл⣬ò
ʲô
˴󾪣ɫʱЩѿ֪Ǻá
Ǵʱ飬λʦ岻⣬Ƕ˶иԵĹ似˿ȡûбҪϢ似
˵֮󣬼λȻͬʱ𾪲ѡ˵಻ѹ˭似أ˿˵Ĺ似Ʒ֮ϡ
Ī׼Ʒ
ֻʥ
˰Դš
Ȼˣǰɣѧ͸˵һʲôʱ򶼿ԣϹһڳͷɫ
ţ˵ͷӦ
߰ɣϹŲһ䣬ʯȥβ
ɺͻȻŵһĹ㣬˾

һ˿𾪣ϢǸ߽еġ
Ȼ似޷ģҩͲһˡ
Ȼƹһɽ֮һʮɸߵĹǰΧ󷨣ŹϢɢ
ϣžöĹӣȭͷСϢŨ֮
Ԫɴ۾ʧ
ԣ֣뿴죬һĲ˼顣
ֹӣϹɫ䣬죬
һҡҡͷһʦڹżϿ
Ԫǧ꿪꣬ſɳ죡׵ҩԪ쵤ʹ߽
һ˴󾪡Ǵ¬ģһʦȴû˵Ҫ˵ʲôԪ쵤
ü𾪵ǣ쾹Ȼһʦ
ģò˻ˣǿҲˣñô
ţȴЩ˷ܡ
˵ʦ¬Ŀ죬ص
ͷԻӦ
Ƴʲôĵҩ¬вʣʵ
ѪԪ鵤񵤣Ԫȵȣ׼Ʒʮɰգ߳ɰƳؽƷĵҩⵤҩҲһİգɫ䣬


300 ˥֮
˲ԣԶĬÿһȴ𾪲ѡ
ԸҿƳĵҩ𣿡¬鼤ס
ûгɣռָһƿУݸ¬ġ
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Ҳɻؿ¬ģûɨƿеĵҩ
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¬Ĳԣɴ۾Ѹ¬ľ£
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ǰĦһţʮ꣬иֺܶ࣬вʾĶߣ٣ʾߣʮλ
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ֵɰݵĵزĦ뱻ٵ˴룬ԷϷ֡
ʱĦźϵĻкеĸָԷ򣬲ֹٴν
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һ뵽ˣ
öԪʢװݸ˶ˣңöװööԪġ
Ȼ֮ǰѲҪֻдʶѣԪļֵȴǿԼʵ
ֻǣԼ⣬첻Һҷõҩ𲻱Ҫ鷳
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ͷŵ쵤ɷɷĻģ龳鵤龳鵤ȵȣƽ絤


301 Ԫ
൤ҩ֮󣬿ԽӦ󾳽֮ϣһͣ٣൤ҩһЩ߸ȣӰԺĽ
˻˵һңɫˡ
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֮һ֮ڣһ澳۷塣ϾЩˣԭȶǻ澳ߣʵǿģҲǻ֮
һҩ˵ľ綼鸡Ϊ˱⣬Ƕչشϡ
ѾʼƵҩˣϹԥ֮У޷ԽԼеǵ
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Ҳˣʱȣƶپƶ١
ȴ쵤ʼһһҹʱ䣬˽ǧöÿһöǴеƵĸƷʵҩ
쵤Ժɷһһҹʱ䣬ǧöɷˣҲĵơ
콫Űö浤Ƴһһҹʱ䡣
ûм鵤Ϊǰֵҩ鵤Ƚѣһֻһٶö
߳ʯңϹľ֮ȥּеĳ϶ۼϹʯſڡ
ôˣͨˣ쿴¬ģʵ
ţѾˣǹעһɣ¬ĵͷ
İɣһͻƵģöãֻһʾǿߣֵص飡쵭һЦ
ҪǵԿ¬ҡҡͷ̾һˣ꣬ͻȻȥľֲ
Ҳǣ컯Ū˰ͷ̾
ôĽΣ¬תƻ⣬ʵ
һռָ¬У쵤ɷͻ浤ȫ棡
һͣ٣ŵ鵤ʱû׼ãԺ㣡
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κѣҪԷ뵽ǰԼֻҪţܻзĻᣡ
СӵĻḻ¬ĺؿ죬
㿴˳ŵң֪һһһ޷ķԶŭ裬Ҹֵȵȸɫ֮
¬ĳĬˣ˭ţΨȴǲţǿ˱飬вòš


302 Ϲɽ
Ҳŵı޷ע⵽ˮͺˮ֯ɵĹ
ܶ˶ĽţжڹעűŬ
츳ٺãŬԶ۷壻Ŭˣ㵽۷壬ҲдһԼ档
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303 
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ʮϢ֮׽ɢȥദϹΣֻҪû֮ǰֱͦˣ³һѪ˺ۡ
ǲ˷ܣһɰ

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Χ۵ļĦŮӣʱȴ΢죬ӢҹŵӣȻǵġ
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304 Ϯ
ҽһ£ȥתһȦ֤ԵǧŮ˵һȺˣĦ뽫Ĵˣ
СӣִɣϹһ漴ɫ׽ٻǿֲҲ͹ˣ
Σ棬Ծţ漴֮ɫ
Ϲͷһӽɿ죬ЩӦ·һ㣡
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ϹᣬְٶɸߵĹƣɫƣڿʮɣŽץȥһֻɴƾճ֣Ϯӡ
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޹ʵȫԲμӴȵģȻòΣһҲãֻǣǿҩǿģ츳޷ȣҸȽ鸡ԣǴڣڼӿ


306 ֮
ԶȥӰ˵Щˣǳᡣ
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307 н
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308 Ľ
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һһϽɫӦ˲ûһֻϽɫɴֱ֣ӽץС
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ħֶսԷĻȭңȻҪǿһ֡
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Ԫɢһ֮䳣õģǱȽϼɻĶҩԽߵԪסʱڲʹãͬͨһ㡣


311 ɱ
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Ȼ壬Ϣֱ޵ɱֶԿһ
ʱǹѾˣͬһһ㣬ոһŲͬ赸һȴһͬһֲȴһǿ
ﬡ
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ңһ˶սʮˣµĺˣжʮ
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еĳǹɨֱͬһ㣬һ˵ϣֱӽϳء

ҽ˷֮ǰߵģʱȴֵˡЩߣеĳûˣеȴڽǰɱһ˷ܡ
ЩܵߣѾûʱȥˣΪǰѾвǵˡ
һһشصں˵ϣӵϡΪɱ֣һֱ־壬


312 ֲɱ¾
ǣڽ죬ҹǿͬһ״ңǱĿ־ˣʱǲżǰЩɥԼˣǵǵ״ǵĲҽԼͬһģһ
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һȭһ˵Դ飬׻Խ˳ϣϡ
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磬ѸٳǰѸޱȵһŲԷϥ

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Ӳҽһɫף亹ϥǣڵš

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һ죬ϽǹӰѪ콣ӰһϢʱ䣬һϢѪ콣Ӱ˲ɢϽɫǹӰȴֻǰ˼֣źɱȥ


313 նɱǿ
߿Լȫһ֣ͬʱѸٵתԪûڶѪɫӰӭϽɫǹӰ
䡭
ҵײһʮҴС籩˲γɣɱʳһ޴İӡ
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üͷȻ뽫Щ޵ɱɱģȴûּײеֶΡ
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ͷߣһߣ鷢عңǻϣɫ䣬
Уôң㱻ˣ飬ͷϢԶȥܿǿߡ


314 Ļ́
Ϣ֮쿴ԶǵӰŲһȥǸң˵ĽȻ෴
֪ѾоԼ˵Ĵˣ֪Էǵѡ
˵Ϣǿпʾǿߣǵ֡
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ĵӰеĹУ˲ͣϢĹͷƤ顣
ľǣĵӰͣڷϿգһĴͬʱץ£еʬ嶼һѪͭŹ֮С
ʼգͭ׶ûд򿪹ɢſֲޱȵϢ֡
ֻϢʱ䣬Ϣʱ䣬Ѿӳɵľ롣
ǣԸ鷢ˣĵӰ̧ͭ餣ٶޱȣ˿
󾪣ȫʩչŲƴſռ⾳ԶȥĹȴǽš
֪ԷѾղע⵽ԷĹֲֶΣһŻµĸоȻйһӰ֣οǿϢϹҲһӦˡ
һ׷𣬳ʱļ󣬵ֶ׷ţҲһɲǵͣ
ҪˣʱȴһҹΪڰʱ̡
ǰһϵĴɽǰɢһ˿˿Ļ֮ء
ûж룬˲ɽ֮УΪûʱˣȺｫһٶɡ
һɽ֮Уʶ·ʧȥãֻܽΧڵ龰׽
ľǳïʢ·ǧ֮ã죬ϵĲݣ̵һߣȴнһɸߣŻߵϢ
ֻߵϢʥۻµĻϢȣвͬң΢ܶࡣ


315 Ľ
Լ˻⾳һᱻϢʴġ
ĽŲδͣţŴɽȥ
ĻϢԽԽŨˣżּᷢ߸˵İ׹ǣ˺޵ĶС
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ѡǰУΪԴޣа취ĵһĴڣŶ㿪
ģǰʬԽԽ࣬޴޹ǣѵ˹ǣӦϢʴĲˡ
Ѿʧȥ˶ĵڵĲ׽ʱ޾Ƕǰš
ģ֮ͬɽеһŨǺȴԽԽˡ
˽Ųöû취ʱ뱣ֳӦԿܷΣա

ͣ½ŲһȻһڲŨϢܵ
ʮϢ֮ûзĵڳ֣ٴ滺һǰȥ
ֿɲҳȥҲҶ˭֪ĸû
ʱƺˣǣƵĴɽ֮УȴǼΪ
пеĻϢȻͣ½Ųһ飬ȻһΧľٻһ¸սΡ
ĪǣĽأ
챻Լ뷨һĽأǴΪֲĵط֮һ˵еߣֻʾϵĲſԳ¾ߣȫɥڴˡ
ⲻΪŨĻ֮
˵ĽǿֲޣɢſֲĻϢ߳Ϊޡ
޲ǿսߵĿֲɱ
ʵǻԼʹû֮˵ֶΡ
ĽŲȣȴ쳣СģʱעΧ
һ֮ͣ˽Ų
ǰʮɵĵط˿˿׺ϢңߵϢΪŨ
Īǻޣ
ϵϢ΢΢һĹƴ
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ضɽҡľ㵹һֻƺɫʮɸߵ۾һ㣬ŻɳһĹɢɷϢܡ
ı罣һ͹ļ׼Ż֮ͬʱҲݡ
۾΢Уϸֻ޵ϢӦһֻļޣҵȽƫͣʮǿ»֮ʴ龳
찵һϵϢͷų
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ʱڸоĴڣֻ۵ǰС飬֣
ͻȻŲ󲽳Ż˹ȥŲƶϵԽԽǿ
ģƺܵĿֲϢȥ
ĻԸϵ˲۵۷壬ڿлһӰֻһֻʮɴСϽɫƾճ֣ɢŻ֮Ż¡
㡤ߣ
ڳԣԼĻ֮ǿֻļǿ
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ֲҽ˲䱻ʮɴСûƬ̣ûϢ
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ˣҪɱֻޣ˵ԽԼսһЩ
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ħٴءɣ
ֻǣǽĶ˼£㱻ɫɵˣǰ󲻵Ϣʱ䡣

ֳӯѪе˷ԽԽŨһ˿֮˿ûȤ
Ͼһ˻⾳Բߣ˿֮Ȼǲмһˡ
޵ѪȻҪʢϾûô񣬱ѪҺȣ˺ܶࡣ
ѪյеѪ֮ԽԽʢӶɱޡ
ɣڻɽ֮УѰŻ޵㼣
ĸʱɱʮֻޣлֻ弶׵Ļޡ
ڵĵطѾ뵽ǿ޵弶Ļ޻öԸޣǾ鷳ˡ
ȻЩ˷ܣϻѵģŵһҩϢҵȽײ͡
ʶɢϧƺò󣬻۾ͱķ㡣
ѭζĽŲ졣ʮϢڿԼҪĶ
ֻԶʮɵɽϣһߵİɫСϿһƴСǳɫĻ䣬ŨΧһ˿˿֮
쿴⻨䣬ԺѰصϢϢ֮۾ͻȻ

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ݣڽΪĻ鵤ֱΪ
ǸոʢãŨʹΧĿЩճ
ϲһֲۣûл޵㼣ûж룬ֱʩչռ⾳ϢԱߡ
ϸشһɫĻ䣬ӿռָóһУֱӽժʢװںŽ˿ռָ
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չʶΧɵĵطţɫˣŲһ˲ڿһɽȶȥ
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ղվĵطɢȥһʮɴСĻԴţһضɽҡԣһӴֳ
ʮɣԼɣ罣һľ޴͹ŨĻϢܡ
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һľ޺춯أϲĻһֻ߽׵ĻӦİݡ
ֻǣûȵã㱻ժȥ


316 ɫ
ȻǷŭޱȣһǰɾ룬ֲֿϢ춼еͷƤ顣
ѾϢ꣬ǳϤϢﲻͬɵҵ
׷󣬶ȴȫӴţһϿȡ
ģԽԽۣƺЩˡϿеԽԽ
һʱܸоں׷ţǰϢƺЩر
ʱѾûʱ룬Ӵš
һʱȥˣǰĵȻˣȴûһĻɳʯһֿݻƵɫеΪϡ֮ϵϹʥĻ֮ˡ
ңطʮңͬʱֲȱȫоûʲôѹһ㡣
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ֻǰһɿĴɽȣԶпͱڣɽȵм䣬ȴһ޴ޱȵĺɫɢϤֲֹϢеĻ֮š
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ѵиΪֲĴڣ
ĪǸΪ߼Ļޣ
Щԥˣ֪ô졣
ǿֲĻԼȥöûΪ丹֮ʳǲȥ˲
ǰɽȣƺҲмϿȳڣ첻ұ֤ԼԴȥ
ңΪҪǣȻоһ˿ϤϢ
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Ϊα
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һʱƶ˺ɫǰɴ´Ķ
ɶߵģվԶ޷ֲ֮ģҪǣȫĹǺɫģ·˾綾һ㡣
ԭΪһħǣ߽֮ŷ֣ɫϳճҺһĻ֮⣬ֻһ˿аϢȴһ˿ħ
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ģΧĿ𽥲źɫõ˻֮󣬿ĶԽԽҡ
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üͷһ
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Զʮһɽϣ޴ĹУһҲ̧ͷĽأ૵Īرˣ
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ͬĽذʾϵǿߣӦһɹϢ𶯡
ϵϹ⽥ǿǰͬǣҰǽɫģޱȣׯ£ȴɫģޱȣɢŵħ


317 ͭŹ
ħ֮ħ
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ѸڿգںɫĴģϵħеħӦħ֮ǿ˼֣ɵķħӰؿڵġd֣ˡe֣͸һɹϢ
źģһֻʮϢʱ䣬Ȼ֣ûһֻɴӡץȥ
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ҵĺ󣬽ɫĵƿʼҴܣɫĹâš

ʱһ֮𣬺ĽɫɢȥһٶɵĽɫӰڸ߿֮ϣ˼Ȧ츩
ɫ侲ֳצϹ⣬ʹһ֣ץ˽ɫӰ

֮һǿһȻ似ġ
߿Уһֻɴ˲ɫӰûп죬㱻УϹ

һҵ֮ϢûɫţȴСϢʧӰ١
նץУ汻˿
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ʱ죬вûκ֮ǰ죬ĵʯһ𾪲ѡ
Ϊ뵱ʱħֵʯμΪƣֻǴ౶ѡ
ͬǣĵʯϣ˹ĵƺͷ֮⣬Ĵ޵ͼ
쵱ȻʶǶħһ£ֻлϵľǿ߲ſԿ̻
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ԽԽˣеˮϵǸΧ˿м©˳ȴ
츺ֶŽȥĺģϵԽӿֲˡ
ʮϢʮĺ¶˳һʮɳɿɶߵͭŹ׳Ұ֮С
ͭŹ׵Ǹ˵Ƶľڤÿһڤһˣһʯһ
һ˿ɱȴû˿ֻǾؿͭŹס
ģͭŹظ͸ſֲħͣһɵĸ߿գ۾ƽ
ʱԶߵӰվںߣ㤵ؿǰ
ʲôһ߾еһʾǿߣϹҪ߼С磬սȻҲҪǿϹ
ײģһ˿ǰĳ棬ֻ֣³֣ҲʾǿߣϢֻһ㡣
˭һ֮ĺڷȴǿ죬оǾ֮ɫ
֪ƺħޣֺǣһһأ˿죬ֿ˿Ǿ޴ͭŹף
һǿķӡ󷨣ǿͭŹħɢ治кöһ̫۵İҲһأ澳ߵģϢҲǿġ
ʰ֮ڵ򣬾ǳ֡
ѵҪƳ󷨲ɣһŴֲµ߿죬е֮ߣϢǰ޼
֪˵һ֮ڵߣͷףһɫۣϢ̫۵
֮ͭп϶ӡžȻǲĵֲʯˣ̫۵ɫأ͸ž⣬ϣһ߾ȫֹ˽ͷţ
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Ѿ֪˵ֻƳһۣ㲻ȥǡ
ÿֲ񰡣
ʲôˣϢ֮ǿ
ʲô񰡣·һ㣡
˾Բ򵥣
ǳǿߣ

ͭŹΧħԽԽʢˣڤҲʼزɫĵƿٸš
޴ķʯɢſֲϢͭŹӿȥħֿš
ʱ춯ˣ˫ȭգһķħӰ˲߰ɡ
ȭӳûһٶɴϽɫȭͷʯľڤ
䡭
ҵײ𣬾ڤڶĽɫƿʼٴܶɢҫ۵Ľ⡣
ÿֲһȭ꿴ȭӰײڤ֮ʱסˣ·Լһ㡣


318 Ʒ
˵ʲôΪһ֮ҲһĿ־壬ʵ
ϢӦøҲ࣡Ҹһ㣡̫۵ɫأ
˶ʱĬˣˣ߸ӦҪһֽš
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̸۵ʱĵڶȭѾ·һɽѹһ㣬ƺƴ
ǾڤֻǾҵػζţתû˿𻵡
䡭
鲢ûжɲͣϢغʯľڤ
һӺ󣬾ڤ糣ʱֹͣ˺üͷ΢ɱ֡
ȭӳָ˲ͷųҫ۵Ϲ⣬ȭͷ
һѸɲǼѾ˾ڤǰȭȻ
ﬣ
һĽ֮𣬻ĽҵľڤذڸͣϹѾһ־ڤˡ
ˡ
ڤϵϹԽԽʢϿŵĵƣ𽥱ð
Ϣ֮ڤϹ֣ĵѾȫʧˡ
ʱٴƣ۵۷壬һȭ
ﬡ
һٴһϹƵڤϡ
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ﬡ
ţûֹͣһֱںţƲɵ
ﬡ
һȭ󣬾ڤѣȴǳû˿ۡ
⡭𣿡һ߾
ֲ̫ˣ壬ӵеģһ̾
Ī޻޻βɣһֹ
ѲħǴ˵еߣһߵ
ߣҲôֲ̫۵ҡҡͷ

һڤ٣ʯʱɢֲޱȵɱ¾֮⣬ͭŹ׺ȥ
ˡ
ͭŹͻȻͷųһϺɫħ⣬ɱ¾֮⵲סû
ɱ¾֮⣬ͬһ㣬ޱȣûü㴩һϽɫѪҺ
ɱ¾֮Ⲣûдĵ鷳ˡȻҲһ֣Ǿ˿δ𣬱Ͼǻ磬ӵǿıԴ֮޼᲻ݣ޿赲
ǣһϢֵ֮鷢ˣǵɱ¾֮ĴĻ絤ֻ丹ӹһ˿֮ͬһʯϡ
ˡ
ʯ˲⻪ȴûгһϢʱ䣬ûϢ
룡
֮˲ûɻ֮ɸߵʯ󻯳һȭͷӰɽĵ֮УûϢ
ԶĿɿڴ·ʯһ㣬̫֮۵߲̾ҵȿ
֮쵽ĵϣǸɱ¾̴֮˿ڣ˲ϣЩѪҺǵص֮С
ʱͭŹ׿ʼˣɢ˿ֲޱȵħǧɵķΧʯС
߸ʾߣħӿȥ˹ֿ
ħ֮е죬ͷų˰ɵϽ⻪ܣΧ
ʱһʯȥ
ȸʯʯһڤͭŹһ𣬲ǹŹɢħڻʴžڤϵĵƣһЩطĽɫѾðˡ
֮ǰһȭɽһ˺ü֮󣬲ָϵָɢϹ⽫ڤϵĵĨȥ
ֻ˼ȭŰѽڤϡ
ʱһɿֲĳȻȸʯзֱӽû

ɻǱѰյʱ˲両ֳϵĻ뿪š
Ϣָ֮ɢֲޱȵɱʶһĵȫ֣ʯĻΧסٵš
ʮϢǻɴҲ仯˲٣ɢļµĿֲϢ
Ŀ⿴ȸʯ֣ϹѸٷɵʯΧΧ
ʱĵٴͷų֮ʯ˵֮С

һڤײջɻ󣬿ͭŹס
ֻʣʯѾ˿˿ħţǽƸֿ֣ϯħ
ڤϵĵưѣͭŹȴǲͣҡţʹѾڤɫâģʱǿʱ·ںһ㡣
񡭡
·һڷԽԽտʼԼ඼ڸƿһ
ߣ
һϵϽâһ˿Ϲ⣬ǸཥصԼ״̬
Զļ˾Ͳˣ·Ǿ֮ԶЩǿĻޣֵĽ֮ȥ
ЩСĻޣԶҡ
ۣ֮Уʵ͵˽סһѪѸٷһѵҩڵħ֮УޱȾֵص⵽ʲô
ôɻ˵ʱѾȫ˹ֹֿ
񡭡
ûͣϢԽԽ˶Ѫ
˺ɣ̫۵ߴ˵Ͽȥ
ԣԶһ㣬Ͽȡ
ˡ
ͭŹ׷һ˿ޱȵǾڤ
ء
ҵը𣬰׻ʯʯͭŹ׵ľڤȻѣɢһء
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һֲ֮Ϣͷųؿʼ֮ǰҪǿΧʯɽеѾѣеɽʯ
ˡ
ͭŹ˲ͷųҫ۵ɫ⻪ΧĿѸٱɶȥ±ߵĺɫˮͬӵһ㣬С
ʯ˲ͷųɫĹȦͭŹףȴֻͽͶѣΪͭŹֱӽˡ
ಡ
ӰʯͰ׻ʯ˲ʧӰˡ
ʱȻоһɹϯ뽫Լȥ
ߣ
һϵ˲۵۷壬ֻûһɴӡϹͭŹȥ
䡭
һ죬챻֮֮ԶͭŹ׵λòûз仯渽һָͷųĹ⻪
ˡ
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320 ħս߻
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322 Ϫ
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325 
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326 
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Ϊ˽ܹϰȵҪվۣ֮ΪػˣΪ縺ΣᶨƵȥ
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ϵĽȴΪȫ˲෹Ļ⣬ڼĸڴ嶼֪ˡ
ڴɳ̲ϽСѩһȺд֣Զȴ˹
𡭡
ʶ΢չ㿴ʮŷˮ屾
ʮ·̣Ѹ£·˼ٱʮϢʱ䣬ѵ˴ſڡ


327 ɱ
ƣȻǽȫˣʮ߳ţЩԶĿˣЩ񿡵ķ̾
һʮ֮ϣƶĴ䣬ŴŴĴüͷ΢ߵǸ֮꣬𣿡
ָķӦǻ֮ͷ켴ȥʱ֪
ǻʮ֮ͷ㽫ĿƵϣڴɨţԶߵСѩʱ۾һܻشĿвһЩɫ
磬˵ᣡСѩЩ˵ĵǺ棬ǶԷǵ󣬱Щŭɫ
쿴꣬絶һ㣬ֱ÷겻ԭشת꣬Ҳƺ˼ɣֻüͷ΢һ£תͷȥٿ
첢£ϾǷˣսӰǵֻ΢ľһ꣬ûչʾֲʵ
ǻ֮ߵһڴǰЦŵˮ壿
һۣԶͷǡ
һϲǰڴһۣλ
ʱȺУԼ켴ɻǰȥ꣬ͷӾǣ֪ǣ
Цߣ˼ң˵һʯ
ͷһ飬ʲô
һϲ໥֮ǻ֮ϲԽж󣿡
һ߰볤һ񣡡ɻ󲻽⣬˵˳
һԶгǻʮ֮꣬Ǽѡ
ܲøҿǻ֮ʵ
ɻˣҪ𣿡
ǻʮ֮ɫ΢΢һ˵ǮԼԽЩ˼ӦýﹰϲŶԡ
ǻ֮Ҳһȴûһ˿ϲһߣҲ̰˵ıˣ˵ǻǮģ
ٴһ㶣ѾиСȥˣȻˣȥ
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֮һ㶣ĿƵϣҲЩɻ˳˵ָȥ
ǿСѩ֮ʱнԶһ˿֮ɫ
һͣ٣죬ǻ֮ߣǣȥ
쿴һЩˣɫȻûǣ̺д֣СѩƺܲϲЩ˵񣬱㵽
ֱٴοһ꣬Ƕĵ񣬲Ȼұժǣ

󵨵񣡡


ƺĻˣһǰȴǻ֮ţ˺ģע󣡲Ҫˣ
˵ĻǼ˲ƽϢȴһ˿⡣
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ǣ֪λкָ̣쿴һۣص
˵ǿУܷóǿǻ֮΢һ㶣켴Цŵ
Ȼԣ
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˿һߣоȣΪʱϢһ˿Ϊ뷲һ
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ֻǽչʾϢʱ䣬˻ȥλӦÿ˰ɣ򣬿̸̸Ǯ
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ҲҪʲôʯҩ֮ģЩԴûʲôô쿴ЩһۣĿͣǻ֮ϣֻҪͨνףʳ޲࣡ã
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һʯףôǿɾ鷳ˡ
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һۣʯ͸Լˣαóȥˣֲߣʯʲôôû£뿪ɣҺæ
˵ֿ꣬ʼָһдˣȫʮһߡ
һɱЩɢûһ⣬ʶ΢չ׻ˡνƾЩˣɦУʮӣɲ
ߣɲˣ㲻ҲûһƷʯ
ϸһ꣬ɻصǲ⣿
˻һԶˣСѩȴꡱһЦˣֱһʧ
һĻʱ߳ŭ
һۣʡʡɣΪһһѣ㲻ӶˣǰNɪʲô
󵨣һҪ֣ȴǻʮֹ֮˻ȥ
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ռңߣռʲôһǰԥһռҵӣǰţһиɱˣ˵ռ𣿡
мǰ仰ŭѣһĻʱ󾪣
ռҼ֮壬һǰԥǱֲǿһлɱѾǾ˽֪ˡռѾɳʮ֣ͬˮڣ׽ôˡߣ뽫ΪãϾһлɱ꣬
ԣʮ֪ǰնɱĿֲǿǣȻǺˡ
ߣ֪˭һЩߡ
ȻߣԼһˣûʲôϵһȺս΢Ŀ֮ͽʲôˡ
ǣˮĽٿˣȻܽ鷳


328 Ͽ
ʮƥѾܳʮˣŶˣռ⾳ʩչ˲ʧϢ֮ڼȺϿգ߶ֱӽʮɣʮƥҲڵϣȻûȴҲˡ
ţץӰ֣⻪ׯϣԶĴ񿴵
Ȼ֪תһʮɴСϽɫƾճ֣мһɫתɢֲϢ
ħٴءɣ
ֳʮѹȥƬ̣㽫ЩɵˣʮöռָģӽԼĿռָ
ʵԸʮˣȫûбҪʩչ֮ѪȵĳɵӰ첻ãΨɱøɾ䡣
ʰʮˣһʮѱУ˲Щصķ֮նɱ
ƽʱὫķ񣬸ǵճһЩæ
ǣʮƥɱ֮Ǹ鷳ʵݡ
Ųһ˲ǰΡΡĴ񣬵ʮƥҷ˳⣬Щˣʲôˣǿһұ㽫ɱˣȻǴ鷳ʱ֪УǧҪ˵ȥɱ֮
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ӣһܺóԣ
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СѩҪˣ仰ѿڣֲòڡ
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һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôãԣһֱĬš
磬㿴дֶ𣿡ʱС˹ӣָɳϵ
쿴˹ȥֻһббġ䡱ֳҰС
̾һСкСԴЦŵСܴдģ
СкĻ˵䳡ʹջʱСѩĨȥ۽ǵˮ̧ͷǿ¶һ˿΢Ц磬ܴӦһ𣿡
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СѩȻһЦʪ۾ʢϲˮ飬ޱȵҷһΣ
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סСѩϸ֫һأѾڿն
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һ··ϲǺܰ˲಻٣ȴҲûмôʱ䣬·Լһˡ
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⡭
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ͣǰʮɴȻ´죬⣬Լͬɽɱ˲
һ֮۷ߣһʵǿһˡ
֮ߣȴûһ˿˱ȼ硣
һɱ֣ңһʵǣԿ϶ңսң䡣
Ϊңûд˵սḻ
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ֱңΣգɱַ˼죬Żڡ
Ǹɱ֣Ϊֱûƭ㣡ɫƽŽɫСеϬ񣬵
ٴο˶Էɫ仯һ˿أȴûк¡
ȻΣգȴǸΣյɱ֣ǽɱ䣬
ҲΣգֻ͸첻ȥԷ񣬶ǿŶԷ
Ļȴýɱֵɫ


329 ɱ
ţɱһֱڿ죬ǰͻȻ֡
Ϊұǿǰվŵһߣ˵ֱɽ쵭ص仰һ̶ϣӶ֡
Ȼ޷֪ľ磬ǣҲɱң˵ǣɱ㣡ɱֵ
ò벻ţΪǰĽѾעٴνĿƵɱֵ۾ϣ֪ǲǵңɱߣʲôĿģ
ǵܣҿԸǣרԸģɱֵ
Ŷ˵Ѿ֪˭ˣ쵭һЦص
ֻ֪죬ԥǳֹŪ飡з飬ѾǳעˣԻɱص
ô˵أһ޵ģȴЩʧҡҡͷ̾ʨӲȫȴųһʵҵɱ֣ǵĸ߲㣬۹ⲻôȥöã
ܣȻˣаɱ㣡ɱһ䣬ɭȻסҽеɱǣ
ɱǣֹģֻһȺĽܺõȥ쵭һЦΧһۣڲزôã۲ۣϲ̨棡
ɱɫһİһֱڲΧɱ֣Ϊ첻֪Щ˵ӰӵĴڡ
ڿʶԼɱǱ󲻽ð亹
ʮɫӰģģֳǰסЩ˵طЩŵ·˹ⰵһ
ʵҿ϶Щûһⰵ֮ߣ츳ͬһ㣬ÿһǸصĶ󣬼ɢޣҲᱻҪ˭䵽ɱ֡
ЩһֶۣԷƻСʮ֮ĸ֮֮ÿһĴڡ
Щˣ첻̾ʮɥʧԼˣ֪ɱ¾֮;ʱǸͷ
ְɣֶ̾һ
۾һֱͣڵɱǵϣֻʶ

罥ˣϿԽԽŨʮɫӰӽ
ɱгһѽһѺɫĽ
нĽһͨĺڣֻǣɱǵĽģȥܾ
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ĽиôǳֵʱûйӰöֲڶԷ֪´ɱʺɱֵĽ
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µǹʦֿǹ̾ǹ
񣡡쵭ص
ɱǲ˵ǹ֣ͿԿⲻһͨǹһʵгĿơ
Ѿʱˣɲ룬ɱԷԼ
ֳָֻֽأ΢΢ͬʱƽͷųȻûɱ¾֮ǻɱԿϵж
ɱʮʽŭɱ
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Ϊһɱ֣ӰɱĿ꣬ȻԪĲˣǣޱߵɱǹر¶Ĵڣܳ䲻ɱˡ
˵ʵ컹ǱȽϿõɱǵĽⷽ棬ȾýҪãûһ˿ڣÿһΪɱĿꡣ
Ķ֣ûһ˿ţûͷųԪҪԼݻٶֵġ
ǹڷ裬ڹ֣ԼΣǹĪ⣬ʱڵɱǵ࣬ʱڵɱǵҲ࣬ʱеʱȴվŵϡ
ֻûһ־ɱҲֵ̽ʵ
꣡
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찵̾һ˷ѣЩɱֵĿռָӦһЩԴƸȻԼ˵ٵÿǶĦЩӣ⻹һʲƵĲƸ
Լ뿪ˮʱ򣬸Сѩһöռָ㹻С龳ĵҩԼʯɱϵĲƸСѩȻȲԼҲڱҪʱá
ҲûãֻɱʣɱֵʱעһЩˡ
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ɱΧЩɱ֣ֻһЩͼɱ¾ɱЩɱֵУҲǸ߼һĻѣֻںǷɣںԷ
ǣͻȻ֣ȴŭ˵ɱǣΪǶĲأ˵ֱһ㣬ǿ
ĸߣϲӵĸоȷʵһܴ裬ߣҲǽϵġ
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б˳ǹתһȦֻ֣˲仯һһ֮ĺ˴ȥ
꣡
죡
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ء
ǹ鵽˵ĺԣ׷ɽһԲĹĵԴ˲һ룬ȴվţǰĶ֮󣬲ŵڵϡ


330 ɱʮʽ
ʬ׵⼸Ϣʱ䣬ѾΪոųϵ
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쾹ȻԼһ̵˲һ֮ĺɱ֣֮ľ룬ɣ£·̵һ롣
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ϵĶҪϿ죬ԣûߣȻһᱻǹ˵
ֻһû뵽
Ǳǹķ
ΪԽ׵ױɱֵѵؽƷ̵ôǶأ

ǹƲɵͬһ㣬ֱӽѶ̵̴ǹƺ谭һ㣬˵üģһѪɽ紺һѤá
ɱʮʽԹɱ
ɱǾŭӣʵ޷սôģҪ֪Щֻ˫Ⱦ㹻ѪſԻãΪ츳þͿԵõ
ɫĵɱ֣ͬ˲ĺԣٶȼ졣
첢û˿ţƫͷǹ˲ʱһ飬Լ߷ɳǹβײ˵ɱĽ⡣

һ֮ͬʱ˿ɱ˺ǰͬʱԷһŤʱѾˣŵɱǡ
ʱһ֮ɱֳˣΪֻܽ岽ľ롣
ʹһѴ㶾ĳ⣬һɭĸо
ĳ߾٣Ҫ˲䣬۾ͻȻԲˡ
·𱳺۾ҲûץһѲĿڡ
ꡭ
˲䲻һѪ౻ץ˳š
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쵭һЦսϣǲֶΣſԻóã˫մ޹Ѫα˵̣ԼƤʥأ
ߣ֮䣬ӦþսĹ򣬶㣬ȴҲֲ̫Щ򣡡ɱɭĿǻϣ
򣿺ߣг𱨳ԹԹʤΪ㣬Ϊɱ̸֣ʸɱÿһߣһгԹһŵɱˣսĹǲֶεػʤͻȥ
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һɱ˲ɫȴ˲ָǣȴѾõԼҪĴ𰸡
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331 ɱǵ
˵˵ׯʲôϵ㲻ҪҸһɱɫ΢䣬߳ȵ
ûйϵ˵йϵйϵûϵҲйϵ̬ǿӲǿƵȴǽɱǵԸڡ
ǿʶΪ˭Ȼ˵ɣɱǲ԰׵ϽϢǹɱ⣬ͬںϵĶ˲
˱仯϶Լе뷨ͬʱҲԷսһۿۡ
롭
ǿԪϮɱֱĺġ
ն죡
ɱ
üͷ΢壬ȴҲû˿ĻţڿնͬһĹһ㣬ǹչһ˲䣬ŵɱ¡
˿ĹɱȻȴҲ޷ܣֻȫʩΪеĵɱǹȥ
ﬡ
ꡭ
ĽɱǷ·𱻾ɽѹһ㣬µľѣ϶֮Уɽ׹䡣
ΪЩȻ޷вɱֿɱǵĴȻͣ˹
ֻɱӷ·𱻵һеĵɱźâɱ졣
ɱʮʽɱ
ڿţеǹתһȦֱȥһֺɨǧơ
ﬡ
ǹɱٴײɱǽ˵صĻϣһ

ʱһңɱǰѽ˲䱻˳ɱ졣
ɱ֮ޱߵͬӾ̣һʰ
ȴûһ˿ɫеǹΪһ壬ٴηɱǡ

ɱǵĽļϻһۼ·ˣȴ˿𡣶ɱǣٴα컮ˣһһĻۣ֮ǰǵһ档
ɱǴ󾪣˿һɣűصĻϣһؿ졣
ٴɱȥ죬ɱǵɫֹͣ˶ڿУЦš
ļΪλûһ˿ѪĪ㴫˻ףɱǵľԼˡ
첻ҪԼǹ룬鷳ˡ
ףߣߣõŴ𣿡һһ໰
ߣߣҵĵɱͨĽô˲㣿ɱɾޱȡ
ļͨĽȻҲͨˣ쵭ص
ɱһ𾪣ٴδ죬ͨߣѵױҲ޷𣿡
ףҪ˭ãǻߣҲŪˣ˵һ龳ߣ㣬ߣֳҲ޷˵ңصɱǵ顣
ôܣô壿һƭңҲţɱΪеľԽԽŨ
ԶЩɱ֣ĻʱҲǾ
ż˵ǲɱ
Ȼˣһù˽ɱк塣
ҲֻǾ壬Ļ
ɱ
ǿֻǿԼĵնɱſԻóãû˿ġ
첻ȥܵɱǷţĿֻһǾڳɱµ
벻Һθɣֻǣ쵭ص
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ֶˣǺܿ죬ɱǿɵز׽Ķеĵɱƿ
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ɱҽٴһʸһ㣬ϮǹӰ
ﬡ
ĽתţòԶ֮ĺɱֻܿţ޴֡

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ɱһ˲Ҳˣɱڴʱ򣬱һȭڽһ࣬Ĳ֡
ÿֲɱǰԾ̾Ѿ˰УԼĵ˺ۣȴȥǰ취ɥ֮֡
ʱ̣Щɱ֣Ҫͣǣ죬Ҫ
ͬʱеĵɱɫĽӰɱ¾֮ǵأϯȥ
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ô£
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ڵɱǳֵʱҲѾˣõϴξʹõһУؼǵĪһей·ߡ
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332 þ
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ֱӽɱסȻűߵ

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³Ѫҡҡλεվֱ󣬾ޱȵؿ졣
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ƺǰĴȻһе֮С
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һоͬĲþһֲԵΥ棬Խвþһ̺⾳ɱ¾ͻÿһֶǿֲޱȵȻյĿöԣȡΪþ
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챻ԪײɣʮɱֶȥȻûˣʹУʹüͷ
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333 
һŻɫ۵ˣбͤ·˯
֮ǰʶ̽·ʱ򣬱㷢ˣû⣬ֻǣ˽ͤİɵʱ˺Ȼɢһɱ˲첻òСˣΪԷһ֮Ϊ
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СӣһӻὫң˻ţ׷š
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죡
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쾲Żӣˣҿëĺ룬μƣ
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תȫӰ֣ׯϡƻӳһֻϽɫʮɴ֣Ӱײһ


334 
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ȻԼҶԷԪǴ̫ˣƵ˲䱻ɢԷǳȵȴӿϮ
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˲ʩչռ⾳ƫȥʧӰ
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Ӳ֮ߣһƵֱӽһʮɴӡ޿ӣΧݱոˡ
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ŭǿ׵ĺأСӣҪң
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䡭
һƣ֮ǰһƻҪǿᣬ챻˰֮ԶЩǱʯ;ˡ棬ֳһʮɴСľ޿ӡ
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ӵɫ࣬תֱЩɫŲһ˲ǰɣסӰͬʱٴץ

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ëģŪʲôûԷ㲻Լɣ켱æܣһֻûͣë۾ǲëҪԼϴ򰡣Сү䣬޸ĺ⣡
ˣ˵ɱϯ첻ͷƤ顣
ϼһƲסԼˣ
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ӵŭѾԽһɽۻˣ޲ýɱһΡ
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ڿն˫ץȥֻʮɵĴƾճ֣

첻ֱӲƴʩչռ⾳Σ㿪˻ӵĿֲֶΡ
䡭
ٴγ޴ӣɳȴѾվڻӵɴţëҸûϵȥʣĺӲҵģģȥʰɣСүˣ

쳤Хһ۾·Ԫͣȥ
ëŶĺ治ҵģȥ鿴Ҳƭ㣡һ߶һߴٷģôῴˣȥ¥һЩ糾Ů§ţҲȥģ
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С治͵˼ҵϴɣ
ƨӸһǸĶţ

ë׷ˣͣЪЪȾƣвһ߼ۣһߴţʱµٶû˿ļ
С飬Ļˣղɱ㣬ĲΪˣһ߽׷һ߹ǣˡ
ëǾͲܻɸΪԺͰɣµֻҪ㲻׷ңұ֤һ񣡡
ʲô˵ԲˣҪԻ죬Ż͵Ϯ
𣿡΢΢𣬵
û˵ٵЧޱȣܶŽ壬͸ŵЩˣһ裬ӵɻˣǿϧޱȵı¶ûС
ΧƺҲ˵̸Զ쳤˶š
͵͵һЦȷʵǺöһͷģʱڸ㣬㿴Σ
˵ƴһѾ겻ˣͷһ飿ƭȥɣԲţ


335 Ԯ
ΧŪôˣԶЦ
ţͬ·ߣţһЦµٶȻδܴǰʮ˶
ЩɻˣĿƵΧֻһͬ򱼳۵Ц˼һñӣ
ˣҪңһ£ˣͷβһֻԼЦЦǣԼȻϵˣҧٴνٶһ֡
ë˵ˣ㻹׷ҸҲҧٶһ֡
ӺȻ⣬ЦһС飬ǻˣ˵ʲôҲûãϵģУһ飬ϷûȢףţ
ʲôûţװ󾪣ûţ׷ҸһΪҸһأ
Բ˵Щ·ϵߣ׹ԭ˲
ʱȻоǷֱϤϢʶһչѭǹϢȥ켴ϲ
ûбֳǼװ֮ǰӣܱ
ѾдˣǹϤϢĳֺһһ֮ĳϣڣԽնɱڴˡ
ëǵ֮ǰ˵Ļ𣿡ȻȻڼ׷ϣû졣
쵭һЦ˵һȴţŰɣˣֻʬҰˣ
˵꣬Ѿڰ֮ˣ˲ͷȫһȭ
ȭ
Ȼ׼͵ϮôҲû뵽ͻȻͣ£תϮԼ
æ֮£ֻֻ޷ʩչ似
䡭
ֲײ˺ɣҲ˺ɣ˶ûˣӵֱ÷顣
·˼ˣ󾪲ѣһ龳ڵСӣȻӲ龳ڵĸ֣ʵǷ˼ܶæ·ߣͣ˽ŲվԶš
С飬ܰ㲻ͦܵôˣɱ죬޲ðȥҪϵ⣬һһذãܣ
ָƽؿŻӣ˵
ʱһڳ𣺡󵨣׷ɱŵӣ
ֺһ֮ĳ˲併ڳϡ
һˣʧɫһ뵽ĦĵӣصСɱųϺ͵ӣ뿪ӻعϣĦ벻Ҫ֣
ߣͽ۸СڵֻΪֳ֮УңΪ˲𰡣Ľأǲȥ׼䣬׷ɱĦĵӣĦֶΣ
ʲô˭˵ģǽսƥôأ˵˵һֵĻ𾪲ѣЩ¡
˵˵ߣǽ֪˵Һ˵˵ؿһۻӣ켴ĿƵϣЦŵСû°ɣ
ҡҡͷҺλϸҪһֽˣ
ǺǣЩһֱ㣬첷ԣλã΢΢һЦҹҲκβ㣬Ǹҵ鷳ѣ
־ȻԼλã΢ȷʵ鷳ϵĲֻ࣬ӴܣԿ
ţֵͷô죿
쿴ǰһɱ;ԵĻӣصɱ˰ɣպ鷳
ãֵͷ漴ʮɴĻȥ
ӿŻ֣΢ĦҪִ󣿡
һʲôִֻɱ˶ѣܴʲô̶ȣ
Ӵ󾪣Ͳ𣿡
ְ̣һۣˣ̹ҲƷŵʵóˣοǻ׷ɱĦĵӣǾҪѪĴۣ
úúãɫ䣬Ħˣ
Σֵص
˵꣬˲仯һӰ˻ӡ
ֳ֣ϵ˲ͷųɫľֻȥ
ԭ
ԻӵĳȻƣȻ壬ԳʮɸߵӰƳһֻɫӡƾճ֣ӭϮĻơ
췣񹦡磡
䡭
ӵĻƱɫ˲˿ŻϮȥֱӽʮɡ
һɹ֮磬ٴӣ޴ӡƱˡ
췣񹦡ϴ徣
ɫأֱʵҪǿܸܶ࣬оԷûȫǰϮһƣѹܴһ˿־塣

ҧأȫ֣ƺҪֻ
˵ʵֻˡ
䡭
ȻֵĿֲԪֱɢ˻ӵĻƣϴ徵ٴνӻʮɣѪ
̲Źǵģű֣Ӿ岻ѣȵ
룡һб¾ĿԴ
˵ţҲӻػٴλûһ͸ľ޴ӡѹӡ
еһֵͬʱȫʩչԪ񷡣

䡭
ӱʮɣ֮ǰͬǣλ÷˱仯쿿ˣ˵ľʮɲ
üͷ΢켴¶һ˿ɲĹЦ
Σȳ֣ϮֵࡣȻֻӳһ̣֮ػڻӵϡ
ء
ӵʮɣһѪ˲Ϯ֣ƣԪ
췣񹦡ڣ
ǿԪɣ쵹ɶһѪ
غ󣬻Ѿ֮࣬ǵ΢΢ƶţƺҪת죬ͻϮ
ǣʱȴˣʳָŻӵĺ˲
ء
ӵ廹δתֻǽƶһ룬ѱ˺ģһȭͷѪĲλ
۾ɵϴƺЩ˼顣
˹ȥ͵ϮҲҶԶ󣡡
˵꣬һԷüģֱӽԴˣ֮ｦõǡ
Сӣộ㲻𣿡ֱֿӽӻԹϣҲһЩѪԹ
飡ܣˣҿĵĲˣʲôܵģ˵ţӵĿռָ֣ȥǣһЩҪ˵
ֿ飬ͷϣߣȥǣ
ϣƮȻȥ


336 ң
̫ǿˣоͽ˻ӣ
˭ôû
ƺĦİɣ
ôأ쿪ʼûôĸ֣
˼ʵҲ˵
Ħĵ𣿹ݵģ
Ҽ˽죬ʵֲܻ֮ʶ񣡡
飡ûû˼Ӳ˻һʲô
ɣ

żԶȥӰ̾Ľݵȵȸֵĵط
ӰվȺΧǵĿһֱͣϣҰɭ䡣
˷·ʬ壬ȫںɫĶûһ˿ԪĲûһ˵ϢΧ˶ûע⵽ǵĴڡ
ǵ֤ǻˣ쿴ǣǻһϤĸоָоڶΣһɽĺˣڶɭֵĺˣЩһħޡ
ֵһɲǣһ˵Ŀһֱͣϣδй˲תƣֱȥһƺڲͬ㽫עҲƵϡ
ϣһļºͳĸоһԴǿ壬˵ָоֻڳʹ֮ʱУ֪Ϊγһϡ
̫̫ӣæʹԼ˻þɣš
ƺǿ˵Ӱ쵽ǵļƻóȥ
һۣͷȻʧȺС

һ򶦶Ƿ·һֻԶŵľޣݷ½ϣֺΰƣҲֻʮǿۼزС
ԼǸˣһ·Ȼϲŭɫĵȴһֱ̾ͣ
ɭϵߴĳǽĳţ¥۴αȣֵʮƥԲг۹
Ⱥ·ǰϣˣ߱ǵҪԪء
ǵһοôߣϣԪżܸܵһЩǳǿϢȼߵ֡
ҲֻлصΰĽﲻߣ첻̾
ֺǺһЦҲǸ̾һߵôӴҲܶйͷƬϵÿһ۹ÿһľۼģǵõɲƬϿģ佮ҲϿɵġ
˵ĵطнĽƷٰıȴ׽ı꣬ǹڹϳһЩ©ΪΪֲսɵЦݣˡ
ߴȽ٣ǱˣȻҵʵôߣȴǺԼģҲû˵ôֲȻﰵӿᷢģս֮ȴǳϣ΢΢һ٣˲ҡҡͷ
û˵ʯ޳֮УܵһɲϢ·𼴽緢Ļɽһ㡣
Ȼͬ˾Ҫ࣬ȴ޷ֻǧϹȡ
ҲٵĶȻʱǰˣϢȴδһֱ
˽ŲϢʹûڰɥʧ־
ȥһҿջ齵ĵط¥ϣ˱߳ԱģͬʱҲΧߵв׽õϢ
ģǱ̬ǲǴˣ꿡һޣֲ̫ˣ
ǰʮһǰߣԶԶģ֮ߣȴϵİײ˻࣡
ǳҲֲ̫ˣʮоͽǧ˪ڵĳϻܣ⻹𣿡
ʲôҲʮлǹǵ֮񿡲ţ
飡ߣ˼Ҳ壬ȳҪǿһ
ȷʵǿ˵ٽսһһҹǿ£
ջǰˣû˲ܵģ
ҲһϾٽҪȲߣڤδȵյļλӮ֮
˵ˣǴ˵е޵֮󣬱ҲûгֹҹȵĹھһģ
޵͹ʱˣǺǿ߲յӮң
ҿһ˭ǿҶ˭ԽӵסңһУ
ʱ¥ﰲƺ뵽һ׳ĺʵ꣬һǿԽĴڡ
ȷʵңǵ֮ߣЩϵߣмڽ֣רƵ龳ǿսʮδͣ
һսˣң䣬ӦýսŶԣ
ԣԣսʺ

һȴǾȲѣѾµңңΪûмңĶ֣Ҳû˭ңս
ΪңѪеսȵսȫգս֮һ
ֻ֣ԷһЦ⣬ҲڿԼ
ĳϣӦ֪˰ɣ쵭һЦ
˳һº룬ЦһǣСӵһ۲ս
˵ţ΢΢һ٣ζؿ죬˵СʲôʱҲȥһ鶼ˣ
ŶʦҲ֮ϣ΢ԾȣʵȽûģû뵽Էô񵥡
ǵȻڿɲһԱǰʮһֱЦţ˵ûʲôԼŵĵֳϢ˸˷ܡ
ʱȴЩʧˣȻǿĸ֣ȥԽǰʮֻ˵ʵһ㡣
ôûʲô뷨ֿ죬Цŵ
΢΢ҡͷһңĶ֣ôһ˵ҶûȤ
ڵʵ׺ܻ֪ǲܵӰ죬Żᵼˡһĸ֣Լ
ĸ֣ʵԼǿģͬеЩǿߣЩš
ĸֽ֣ңн
ĻֺǳҲ΢΢һ㶣Ƭ̵ĳĬȻһۣһ˿ο
ڳĬУϸΧߵۡ
ʲô˭֪һ˿ߣɻ
֪Ǹѩصӣڶݵ˼֮£˿ˡ
ӦǺǿߣȻǴ꣬ͱˣѩضףϾһʵһǲڵģ˿ڵ
һĵӣ

ֲ࣬²⣬ʱȴ˵ȷ𰸣ֻһ΢ֵĽĦĵӣ


337 
ʲô
һʱ䣬סˣ켴
ô᣿
Ħôôĵӣ
һǼǴˣ
Ħ벻Ʒôôǿĵӣ

λȷʵĦĵӣұܸҵģǽ΢껷һۣұһǰԥǼ׿ڸĦĵӣ
˵ĦҪˣһ̾
ʲôĦ뱾Ƕţ˷
ǰŵĳ˵ĦǿţƷţ˽ŵ

˵硣ǣÿһ˵Ķʵ˳ĬţȻļƽȴԼĦʧȥģһὫû
ʱߵĻֱˣʼһȽϸȤĻ⡣
˵췻Ķľ֣ʲôʱ򣿡һС˿ڵ
ƻȽΪǸмĵ׼ģ˵
Ҳģܶ˶ͬ
ֻʵ֪˭յӮң
˵ҿļң
ҿң
ҿң

֮󣬱Եɡԭһֳʱһ˶ľ֣ʱ仯ʯ͸ֵҩϡвϣ似Ϊע棬˵д֧֡
ȥһԣ˵һսҲһɵ֣ϾҲ֪жٱǿͬߡ
˵Լ뷨ʮͬһ׬ʯĺ÷ǻǼʶġ
ʱ˳췻бȽֳ˵ֳȻЩǿŮӣҲԲμӡ
췻ĺ̨һǸȻϣֳܻ˵˶Ľ֮⣬Ҳ񶷣ׯԸַʽĻùڣȡӯ
Ϊֳ췻װȴǺ֮Ȼҹɵ棬ŮԼĹ˿͡
ڵһ㣬ʱѾǼߣһֻмһɼ̨һһɸߣֱߵĹʯʯֵͼƣƺӳַ󷨣һǿ׳ӣְϣڽӡ
̨£ȴΧߣͬϵĹ˿ͣߺϡ
ͣײ
κͼͣ
Ұţͣ

˿˾ЩѪҺڣʲôߣĽ棬һսȻ
ԭʼ컯Ȼ̾Ի
ߣԶһҪǿ׳Ķ࣡ɫȻ̨ϵ꣬һ·Զûףߵ۷壬һǿ󣬲ȻǵôڹϵΪһϯ֮أ
ǰǹм۷壡̾˿εص
û˵˾ģһҪ·֤۷塣
ʱͿʼ޷עֻվΧš
ÿһڽѡϳδǰעһȴһȶǸಲĺ췢׳ʽϸߣϸع۲˵ׯҵ۹ܺãȷʵǳಲ췢ǿ׳ҪȶǿһЩֻв٣Ƭ̣ȡʤ
ôֿһ죬΢Цŵ
췢Ӯ΢΢һЦӦ
һЦ˴뷨һ¡
ȻʮϢ֮Ǻ췢׳һ˫ĿԲɣͷֻӶ淢һ⣬ǿʿ˳ȥ
췢׳ʤ
У̾Ϣ
ߵһȽϰûעĽ䣬ʩչǹԼױôһЩȴȻߵ˵ԣһȥμӣӮ¶һע׬⣡
һ㶣òޱȣЩֶȻСôȴܺԡ
Ϊ𲻱Ҫ鷳üҵȴ
ãȻܣ·𿴵˳ɶѵʯ
óһռָݸ֣ʮƷʯע
ֵͷ΢΢һЦȥɣѾ׼˰ʯԣ
û˵ߵԱߣμһҰһ£
ǰ֮˸ͷǿԣ¶һ˿м֮⣬Ͼǹ˿ͣҲû˵ʲôõĻҪһǧƷʯ֮᷵һ㣬ȷҪ
û˵ֻǵͷ
һ˿ϲɫĲߣӮԼɣֶΪ


λⳡҰţʤ˵ĲҪ٣һ㣬Ӯ˵ѿȥ̨ȡʯҲԼעһһ޵ķŲ̊ųϵۣо̬
̨±鲻ѵˣŮȻЦͣ΢΢һ٣ŵϳλѡ˭أ
һӣ˵Ƶ󣬱Ļǵ볡
𣡡
𡭡
ô
ģļҵۻϳˣ֪Ķ˭
Ǿɣ
п񣡡

ǴļҵһС޶г󣬺ȵҰ޵ˮԵ⣬ļҵ˷֣ȥȻһ;츳һ㣬ȴǿ֮췻ΪԼ˲ʯȻһ־Ե
߾ų࣬첲Ѱ˵ĴȻ֣޼ףͷۣ·һͷҰޣһ֮Ϊȫڸˡ
һ׵ȼ˳ϵա
ʱĳУȻвŮӣһһţҰ㣡
ֳѾǼ߲ˡ
Ѻ٣Ӯ
Ѻ˰٣Ӯ
ιֻûأҲûйôäĿעͲⱾ𣿡
飬ʲô֣˭ƥУ
ǣмҪģ

Ȼ⣬ѾĴڡ
Ůӿųϵķڳ棬˷ܲѣȺԽ֣ע˾Խ࣬췻˵ӯ̫ˡ
λȲҪĶֿɲߣȻǵһβμӽʵȻȻô췻أŮ΢΢һ٣ŵǻӭĶ֣߱ߣ
ʲô߱ߣÿְս𣿡
֪Żǰ׳գҽţ
һʯ

ϼȫûҵĺȲ˵Ŀһ£սɱ֡
ˣ壬ͨ࣬ڴϣûȥעһˣ¶Ԫ߶֪һһ֮ڵߡ


338 
֮˸ʧˣôһӪСӣμʲôʯ
ʱѾˣһһ׼Ӯ죬Ҳ߱ߣȴһʮѾʿ켴
һʮѾһܵ͵ˣҪΪׯҶ첻˽⣬Żᶨһ͵㡣
ҲûעˣûǸҪ׼ӮʱעĻׯɣ˷ʯ
ǰעҲû⣬ǵż񣬾͵żĲͷ
һ첻ߣҲսûһ֪֮ΧİŻһһš
˼ʯûţ˻ӻһ£Ҳһ˵
Ƕļҵƣǵһڵ
ĽҿǶˣô˵Ҳˣѵ֪췻˼սֶѡģô˵ļңһ΢ֵĽ
ƣʱվ̨ϣǶļҵƣĽص
ǽҡҡͷ˵һߵˣжע
΢΢Цŵʮˣ
ŶҲͷ
ɻ󣬵˵ĶסȴǷǳߣ
٣
һһһʮ򣡡
΢΢һ㶣켴ЦȤˣֶҵʵĳߣ
˴ʱϲЦտׯ٣˶ע߱Ӯ
ʲô
˶һľȣĬƬ̣˱Ц
˸췻ʯˣǺ£ǵҪúкǵĹͣ˷ޱȣһ׬ȡʯȻˡ
ǣٴι˳˰䡣
߱ߣÿ֣ӦýͲ߲ŶԣĽԶ

Сӣʶľ͹̨ȥСϸ첲Ҵ綼ܴϣ̨һ죬ӣʮֲмص
ȥȥ

µĹҲǺţ³
첢ûǣֱߵʯһ棬󷨡
ϲûһЩУֻڷ޾ļжһЩʶƳһЩ򵥵󷨣Լûѧ
ѧһЩ뷨Ͼ಻ѹ߽һЩֶΣһֱĻᡣ
ʯϵڸ󷨣ûжôֻ׭̹Щӣ֮ͨɲ˵ġ
̬ȣȻŭһ絽ǰӸµؿ죬ŭСӣɣ³ˣǹүҿͷұȥȻȣ
вֱˣˣûʸԼĶ֡
ܷŭԼĻһαСӵ˶߷磬֣ܲȴߵ
һЩǵĹأȻ˭Ҳ㣡
һһ죬һߵʯһ棬ȴĴְȥ
ûж룬ذʯͼϣ˲䣬оһϮ
֪ǻ
ȷʵЩͣͨǿ̫ˣмʮˣ⿰һͷˡ
˵ֻһֻϣɽ顣
Ϊ˺Ķľ֣ͷųһ֮ţһ˳ӣԻڡ
о촫ɫ΢䣬ⲡСӲǱϿôȻԼ
ڵĺʱҲС˲٣Ҳע⵽̨ϵ߱ߵмֵУֲø̨
ҾȻˣСӵЩǽ΢΢ȵ
ߣֻͽͶѣ췻ʶһʲô壡Ľصվˣһ˿ɫ
˼СʶȤٱҸӣһһЦŵ
Ľһüͷ΢΢΢˼켴Ȼԣ
ǺǣǾͶлˣǰ깰ֵ
Ľ΢΢ףû˵ǽ꿪ˣĹˣն٣鹷𣿡
ǺǣӦǵļֵһ֮ߣȻǲʲôȴߣʱǴٺôɫ԰ףǴһָ߰ЦݣȴҲżִӵơ
޳ɣĽͷͬ˵
국һЦմΪͲҰѱҧһڣ
ߣǣûмɱģһ˿ɱ

̨ϵĽȻڽŽţһֱһƴļƣ䤱ƴȫ
ʵ˵ûһоϷȴģȽˡ
ʯɫʱȴ֡Ӷܸо洫һɲԼʱѾͷų˳ɵˣԷȻڼţòԴ
ţּһɵͬʱн¶һ˿ɱ
̨µĹڴʱ࣬ļȻΪ˽Զ񣬹۲̨ϵĽŽ
Сװֿԡźˮӣһ飬˲
Եĳ΢΢һЦǸţ˼ܣ˲Żþһ㣡
û˵΢΢ȴţ֪СӱĦˣĽǣ
ʱߴһŵζֻһݵӰ˹վҲߵĵط̨ϵĽŶԿƶɮڸˣûд⾫ʵĶԾ
һ㶣оǰʵǹ֮Ĳ˵òֱǾΪˡ
ͷģճżƬݲݣһЩëбһ֧ľֵΣһɵۣ۾ȴԿ۵ĲϺϡ١
һ«Ǹƺ«һõķ滹ճżë
̬ϳرƺӶˣġ°ϣżϡĺ룬ճż˿ݲݡüëϳŨŨģұߴ£۾һһСߵĴұߵС
Ȼ˹࣬۾ȴǺ񣬲Դһ۾ʱʱЩΪźŮ֫
һޱ߷󣬴˵ΪԾ֮ȴһʮֹϢһԨĸо
Ǹоֵֵǰ벽һ֣λѣƶɮˣ
ٴһ㶣֪λӦ˷һʿװ磬ȴźеĿںţʵ졣֮£ֻǹֻ⡣
ӵĵȻԲ˵ע⣬ֻ˵٩˵ӣ㵽ǵʿأǺУ


339 ֵʿ
ƶɮȻǵʿˣӵҾһòȻӡ
ۣЦˣ֮ǰ˵֮ٴοڣ˵ʿôԳƶɮأӦ˵ƶ
𣬷ǵǷ𣬴ǧ;ͬ飬ʿǺУǵʿƶɮƶƶƶɮУƶɮȥϴ裡
һסӱܿһɴȦӣʿֶͬˡ
ֲûбܿǾʿЩ죬ղǼ仰Ȼ򵥣ȴͨ˿˵ġ
Ǹ˰
ְ
ǸȴǿԵġΧȻһ˼ӿֵʿ
ȥϴ裿
＾ȥѾȥ£
գ
ǡա
Ѳʿļ¼ɣ
ʿ㵽׶òϴһ裿֮ǰڵűӣʵ
ţƶɮ룬һǡɣֵʿüͷһ˼ӣһΣǺܾǰˣʵ벻ˣ
찡
˰
ը죬ѲǷĹģ
ʱ췻ʹŭ˹վԶֵָʿʿ˭ģϿҹ
ĸҲĦȭƣǳţȴǰҪΪ̫ˡ
ֵʿҲûһŴֿЦģн˿͸ߵģҴҪעأǵʳĸԺӣ
ߴŭָ˭СĴү㣡
ʩǷ䣬ŭеҲУҲԣƶɮģȻͲҪүˣ˵ƶɮǳˣ͸ƶɮǱȽ̰⻨磬뱻˽ϣֵʿҾ
һ˻Ȼ
ʿ̫ˣ˲࣬˵ڡ
ը죬ֵָʿŭץסӳȥˣ
ĸΣǰȻһ
Ҷǰ񣡡
ֻһϵ˹һߺͻȥԺҪ췻ˣ
һ£˵뿪ˡ
һߣ˶ֵʿһ֣ǰˡ
𣬼ӻС£ƶɮģֵʿڰ֣
һ˿ɫû˵ٴһֱ뿪ˡ
һ뿪ҲȥעֵʿĿ̨ϡȻӺܹ죬ԶԶų̂ϵĽˡ
ֵʿ̨ϵˣսĿͣϣ΢΢һ٣ֹСеֵֹģ
ʱѾǻӺˣϵ·ʪ͸ˣɫͨ죬ݽҧýġҲˣֻȴûôš
Щ׷ߴʱȴʼźˣҶʱѾ˹ؼʱ̣ʼΪĿеżľ
ʤ
ͣ
Ұ㣡
ײСӣ

ʱȴһʮֲг
ͣҰ㣡ʤײӣ
˵ˢˢȥֻڹϯΧһݵֵʿŷıغţ
ֲڴֵʿˣһĺߣǳ϶㵽һȥˡ
ֵʿ·ûע⵽˵Ŀ⣬Ȼţ·ֻһˡ
Żܲˣ̫ˣһѸܿ㵽һŻ
ҲܲˣĹﰡţмܿˡ
ֵʿż˵ľٶƲƲ죬ûƷζƶɮľˣ
ֿ֮ʼΪˡ
⡰񡱵ţȴ΢䣬˹Ȼ򵥡
Ҳע⵽ֵʿϵĶû˿仯ȴǳһȻ͸ˡ
ʾΪҲԿֵʿȴ޷͸
ǶԷַ˵Ϊ̫ˣֻǴ˵Ϊ̫ˡ
ʱȫֿûзȥע顣
￪ʼˣ
ܣ
Բܣ
СôôģһǸˣ
ҧŭһк
һرţټ˼֡

һһƨڵϣɫףڴʯһؾ֣ʣߺޡ
ʱѻȸʮְֵʿҲͣ˻ڣһЦ⡣
ô
Ϊʲô䣿
һҿˣ
ǿˣ
Щȵ׷ߣڰοԼˣһ𾪡
˼飡
˾ȻӮˣ
ֱһ漣
ѵٲɣ
ܶ˶ʣʼⳡʵԡǣ׵ɫ˱׹
ȷʵ߱Ӯˣ
û٣
߱ʤ
һȡʤ
ʱֻҲһƨڵأɫ԰ףֱڵϣŵشŴˡ
ʱ˲Щʹʮ߱ߣʹʮϵŵѵġ
Сˣˣֵʿֹš
ڰУȴը졣
ܣôô䣿Ľһƻӣףŭ
ˣ侲㣡ģʧһټʮʯ㻹ܣµʲôҲһŭؿĽȻĿƵϣһɱ⡣
ȴϲЦտ°ϹЦ⣬Сӣһùþ߱ʣ
ǰһ°ɣȻǶľ֣ȻӮǶǴ˵䲻𣡡һ׾국صʼգǰһ
׾΢΢һ٣ŵٷǲûʧȻһټʮʯ췻˵Ҳ㲻϶ʧ
ׯٷ˵еɱȴֻĽȴˣʧʯʲôļҲȱӾͲһˣСӣҪܾĥ
˲˵ȴǹһЦ˼췻ȱ֣ǼҲҪţó˵һ׬Ļᣡ۹ⳤԶһɣ
ݵĳĬׯٷˣߵˣׯȥԣ
ʢҲɣһҵӿߵĻڵ
ҵĵ΢۾

·ˣֺǳϲԽź̨ȥȡʯ
ǹ¼ȲԸУЦǺǵؽӹһһʮƷʯʶһɨָǳʮıӽ˿ռָЦ뿪ˡ
ʣǿԻһٰʮƷʯ췻ҪһɣʮƷʯЩϿԺˣһʮƷʯһСĿ
£ˣһߺܲʵʵ
ߣׯճɣб׬ǮģģӮģһ𺣬



340 ʿע
ʦ֣¿׬ˣһʮ򣬹ˣǳϿ֣ЦǺǵص
ⲻʲôҪ׬ŰɣСӹúܣЦúϲ£졣
Ҫע𣿡Ͽ֣ʵ
ҪȻҪֵͷȻСӲμӵģǶҪעݺݵһЩˮ
᲻飿ЩģղȡʯʱǹɫǾ۵ףȻ¶ԷǱϾ˼ҵĵϣǳȽ鷳
飿ߣʲôĦӲ£ɫһССļСһ˱ɽ串𣡡
˵죿𣿡϶ʱɻˣȻ㣬ǻ޷һӴļԿ
ЩʱǾԵģǻ۲ǸСֻҪɱְ񷢳ƵĵҩΪۣöãԽһĸϣ

վߵǰ˳ߴ׹¶ݺݵصСӣȡʤNɪ죬´һ㣡
ֱĮĴڣ۾ʼϢƺڻָ塣
㡭̬˿췻Ĺ󼴽Ŀͣϣɱ֣һƣ
ȻŴ󲽣ͷҲص˺̨ʧȺҰ֮С
λѣⳡĽ߱ʤ񣬿˽ʷδй漣Ϊ췻µı񣡡
߱ߣ߱ߣ
һֵĹѾʼСźˣĿУµż
ȻܲˣϾѾ˸ֻŪ
λ߱ƺЩ֪ԸԸμһԵƬ̣˼
ʱһվ欵ŮӣɫЩ԰ףصҲμӣ
Щţȴش˳˵ĶС
߱ߣ
߱ߣ
𣬱֮ǰҪһЩЩ˿ľٶһֲη
ꡭ
ǺܶǲмƲ
ֵʿվں棬ﲻֹͣţҲ̫ܿˣƶɮҲ
λŽǣǵ߱ߣҲκζ֣ŮӿųϵˣʼȾգô߱һĶ֣
Ůӵúܳȴû˵˭
˵˭ʰ
п񣡡
˵Ǿ񣡡
ҿ߱߻ʤ
ǵ
˭˭

ٴηڵȡ
𣡡
𣡡

˵źУһߴӰӺ̨С˳·һƶСɽֺһֻޡ
񣡡
񣡡
޵У
꣡

ڹ鼤ĺУˣһιޣɶͷ˫ԲŨüӣ촽
ߵĺÿһ΢΢ţ·һֻϮˡƳϢƽȵĽ࣬Կ˵ȴǲС
ºˣϳˣСˣ
ǰǱҪǿ֣
ͣҹСֻбѹķݶ

һϳ췻Ҳʾ˽ʣһ߱һߡ
ϵȫ䶯æעųϵ߶¾Ӯֻʮ߱Ӯµע϶⣬˶Ǽʯ
ǳעʮҲעʮעһ򣬼֮ǰӮʯȫˡ
ƶɮҲһѣֵʿעĴȥʹȺм
ģ˭ʺˣ
ģˣ
ǲǵˣ

һɢ׷ױֵܿʿ·ٴС
ֵʿһֵһΧˣȻԼ·֨ѵȵط̧ͷߺȵļˣصëƶɮ
ۡ
ˣֵʿ̫ǶˣҪѬˣ
ֵʿǱӵؿ˼ˣҡҡͷһˣƶɮһ¼㲻ܳϣҲٲ٣
ģ٣ҪٱѬһΣƾͽˣӣ̫Ƕˣ˺޺޵ص
ֵʿûˣ򴰿ڣֹ߱һˣûʶƶɮͲǶɣ
ȻС˶ĻҶһӵ顣
ƶɮעĿӮֵʿߵǰָͷ˼£Ȼҽѥӣһӣ
ʲô
˿һɷΧ췻ĹֱӱѰ˺һɣűӵӣֻЬʲô˼ϿߣȾط
ĲˣƶɮɲһѥӣϸƣǼƷ˿֯ɵģˮ֣ë޼֮Ȼմ˵㳾ⲢӰֵֵʿƲƲ죬ǹ±ĵص
޼֮
̵ģЬ޼֮
մ˵㳾ڷ̳
ϼûţǹ±ϾḻǿѬĳʶϸر˼ֻѥӣһ˿ɫ
ֵʿ˵ǼƷ˿֯ɵѥӣ޼֮ڴҵڶ˫ٿױС
óһͨĿռָʶһѥװ˽ȥеĳȻڣֻǱ䵭һЩ
ӣҪѺͽһֻЬҲѺϰɣҪȻһֻôأվԶֵʿȵ
ƶɮѺһֻ͹ˣֵʿҾ
¼ˣЬȻȷʵǺöֻҪúϴϴˣȴһֻܲȵӣһֻУûмֵǲѺ
Ȼ˵ȴû˿Ҫȥ˼
ʲô̫Ƕˣ϶ǿǱļֵˣֵʿֵʿӵۣ߷ߵص
ʲôɣ
ѵǳЬǱﲻɣ
̫ûˣ
治Ǹ

Χ˵𣬿ֵʿȻűӣǿĹ˲١
Ҳգƶɮǳˣ˼ƽϣֵʿȻ˵󣬱һֻѥӣŹӹȥ
һɳʼڿˣ¼æܣǲôֻѥӷ·һ㣬ȥѥͲϡ
Ż
˶ʼŻˣǹֱӽѥս˿ռָȻܵͨڣڴڵغʵĿóƿˮϵϴһ
ʮϢ֮ǰŭضֵʿû˵·ǻɽ緢ǰƽ
ֵʿδָڱǿţʱʱڵﲦŪ£ƺҪҳֻʭ
ģӣү㣡ڱˣֵָʿƿڴ


341 ˵ı
ֵʿȴûֻСֹţ̫ûˣô˵ҲȻ治
ºݺݵطйʮϢʱ䣬ֵͣʿѥһ˫ֵʮƷʯ
˺ȻǹıԲ
˵Ѳû˯ѰɣǾͶżҵѥӣѣֵʿŭ⣬ǹ˽޼֮Ȼ˵ʮʯҪҳһǧʯһ˫
һ죬پЩ˼ȴûиĿڵ˼ѥӾֵǼۣʲô˿ƭ˭أҸ㣬ǿǿ˵ķϲѺģ֪ô
ֵʿüëʱŭĿԲɣָŹ£ŭһССĹ£ܹܼƶɮҲÿͿģʲôϱ
һ˻Ȼ˸´ֵʿԷ顣һɫ䣬ȴûֵʿǸ˼ֻóһƣʶ˼£˿ѥһ˫һƷʯ
ֵʿʱû˵ʲôȻѥԶԶֹۣȡ̶ȣҲ˵ʲô
Ѻ˭ְһֵʿ
񣡡ֵʿŪԼĵۣٿٱǿף
˭һ㶣ԡ
񣡾ǲӣֵʿƲƲ죬ص
ٴһ㶣켴¶ϲɫ͵͵Цţֵʿһٱ飬ַ졣
ӣıˣ
ʶٶϿ˼£ֱŵʿ˹ȥ
ֵʿӹƣһЦ̨ĵطȥ߱ߵˣķˣ𣡡

һ̨û˵Ǵ죬絶Ϭ񣬷·Ҫ쿴
쵹û⣬ֻǿŶԷߴΣ΢ȡ
ɶߣУѾǺܸˣԳˡ
ȷʵָоʢѪǿϢļ⣬·Ҫһ㡣
һ֮Ϊ˵սȻͣΨһĵطǴ˵ж
ʮϢ֮󣬾񿪿ˣ˵߱ߣ
û˵ֻǵصͷ
Ŷ˳ΪұȻ߱ߣȻҲҵĿˣӣʵ
ûȥǾ񣬽ĿƵʯͼϣϸع۲
찮̬΢ݿΪʤж˲ˣҵĶ֣һ֪ʲô
˵꣬ߵʯһ棬ȴŲеʾ
ʼ
̨һ϶ʱ˵Ŀⶼǡ
Ƚַʯϣͷųµͬʱװƴļơ
һϳûеһʱͷųȫȳ̽һʵ
ֻǣоʯ洫ݹǿ֮ʱ˲ɫͬʱͷųȫֿ졣
ʱףԼĶǶôǿߣȫϿġ
ʵѾ췭ظˣôճ˵һļϢϢءĿͷǧأȻǿ
ĿͷȻûԼߣǼԼҪʵ֣֮СȺг󣬱ʹһЩ޵
һĲӣزһʮ߳⣬ûʲôرģô̺˾޴ء
Ѳʯ⣿
ַԼĲ²⣬Ϊ󷨼ӳֵʯֻдݣԪ֮дݡ
˿߱ߵһ֣
ֵʿվΧ޷ȥģȻǧ˵ĳӾˡ
СôôװѲǰǸϷӣ̫ˣֵʿݣݽҧ޺޵ص
Ȼֹţĵȴַˣ·𿴵ʯɽһ㣬װԼĿռָ
ʱȴ˼뺷ӰȻûоߴ󣬵⼸˻ļ⣬ȾҪ
ȻУվĽߣ۾ȴֱԶ죬ɭޱȡ
СôĽ۾΢Уɫ䣬
СӺܹ죬ƺûˣȴɲ⣬ܸо֮ǰĽڷˮһ٣˼Ƭ̺󣬴
ŶѵСװģĽ۾΢
˵ɵȥ컯ȻǿҲǿ˶٣ҹⳡҪʱ䣡
Ľû˵ؿ;񣬲ȴ˵ˣΪ컯ԼҵĻ
İɣ֣û⣬ҿѺʮƷʯģ
ĽһۣϣܻʤҲʮƷʯ
ʱׯٷˣλҲϣʤȻ췻ʧɾʹˣ
Ŷô˵ҵɻ
ׯٷһ˿⣬ոѺһʮƷʯǲӻʤˣ췻ɾʧһǧƷʯοѺһ˫Ʒ˿ѥӣǿ޼ֹ֮ǧʯ
Ŷ˸Ķעɫ΢䣬
ׯٲ£ʵǻǱȽģʤοСӭˣľӮھųɾϣӯȻҲ٣ôׯʧأȻ
ׯٷһûеõԤڵӯʧ
õģıǿԵʣʱɫװǵĿռָ¿˼һۣ
ʱ췻ĸܹŽż湪һݣȻׯٷүռҵˣ
΢΢һ㶣ͣԶ̨ϵ˻ˣɫЩȻ
ռôյϢҲܿᵽˣˣׯٷϵľƱһСڣ
ֻҪҲҪͺã೿

ԽΪĽվ߰˸꣬ע⼸˵Ļվм峤Щơ
˵սʤһֱͣϣص
һ˿һ۾ĿͣϣӦүǴˣ
Ŷǿʲôر𣡡ɽ¶һ˿мɣɺ裬ʤΣ
һǰž죬һ˿мȻĽϢ֮ʤ
ţɽͷŵǶϾأ
һʮϢڱʤշɺصռҵŵ֮һʮ֮ͣڵΪѰǿܶࡣ
ɽշɺĻһЦƺǳ⣬õܵʵǷǳģҪǿһЩöãɳΪռҵ
ϧ粻ˣȻأֵͬܵĶ֡


342 
ʱؿˣһɽֿһշɺ裬΢΢һЦɺ裬ǽмң˵˭ȡʤ
շɺϸع۲̨ϵߣ΢˼˵Ȼǿǻû޷Խĳ̶ȣӣǹŹ֣ƺȾ˺ܶ࣬ȴɼţʤ룬һ־ս˭ֵ˭ȡʤ
ɽصͷ˵뷨һ¡ɽɺ裬Ҹԣׯҵʯֵ࣬ҲһЩ
ãϣշɺͷһϲɫ
ɽҡҡͷô죡ȿ˵ʢׯҲϳģֻҪӮˣһǵ
ĸģշɺͷ

̨ϣһλӺ꣬ɫͨ죬ƺ̵ľʹˣڶһͻһ㡣
ǣΪĶ֣ȴп಻ԣͷŶܻͷųͬ⣬ƣӦ
Сӣô˹Ź֣Ҫˣ·Ǵһ㣬ԴԴϣ컯ǳͨԵЩҧٴμ˼
Ϣ֮оͷųٴδ֮С
Ĳˣأˣ컯һŭĿԲɣһ
ȫʯһһ䡣
ϢǱҲһбƽٴγƽ
ģ컯һȵСӣ㵽ô°ӣƺԶˣôô
촭Ŵ϶شǡǡҡһֱ͡𣿡
㡭컯һʱ֪οڣֻܷȻУ㣡ҿɲģ㻹ȥɣ
ٴشҡǲãһᡭӮģ
ģСӣȥ컯ŭһȫͷųӡ

޵һ㣬컯ڳţ˵ļȼߵ㣬ź
񣡡
񣡡

Ҫֳʤˣ
˵עѵ̨ϣռҵļˡ
ʧǣǾȫʩΪڽֿţδ˿֮
ô£Сôúõģûбײɣ
һһɣ
ģⲻ߼

ֵʿں㵸Ѭ죬ֺǺǵЦͣͬʱֹͣţС̫ˣ񰡾񣬵ɣ
ʮϢ֮󣬾Ϣңһƨڵϣõ涼ڲڴڵĴͬʱѸó˼öҩ£ĿƵ󵹵ص죬ŭޱȡ
״̬һһܶжۣܻװȶֻҪƣӡ
˵Сӣô°ˣôֵأвʣŭص
ڵϣڴŴϢ֮󣬲ſڵ㡭ټᡭϢʱ䣬ȡʤҡѾˣ࡭ϣã
ʲô
󾪣ں޲ѣ˵Լ֧ŲˣϢʱ仹ûģȻСӣʰ
߱߻ʤ
еٴʾȡһʤ
ٴηˣЩݾ߲ͣ죬Ϊʧ˲ʯ
Ǽλ֧߱ߵĹڣϲ֣Ϊ׬˲ʯ
ѥһ£ʯֵʿǳΪõˣֵڻȸԾЩ˷̰ѡ
ڰУȴĬˣûĽŭɶҲû֮ǰĴݣ˼һۣλСʵ̫ˣôϷӹɣһ֣ʱҵ뷨תɣõõǿԻȡ󣡡
ǰȻôǿô˵㣬ʣԻȡ󣡡¿ׯٷׯ֣Ȼⳡʧ˲ʯĽ׬ĸ࣡
ׯٷһŵȭͷ˿Цһ£漴ĿͶԶ죬ǸᣬСҿɲˡ

ŮŤϸ̨֫һۣȻ˵λ߱ڶʤɾ֮߱췻ɾ֮ƺŵ˿ɲֹˣ֪߱߻ԸԸսһ뷨
ַˣǴţ졣
СӲҳӵİɣ
ĴѰ֪˭ϳ
ȿҲӦս

Ȼûд𻰣ֻǵͷŮ˲˼ĵһЦȻ̨µĹڣ߱ͬμӵսϢƬ̣ȴһֵľʶԾ
𡭡
ºϣ˳棬Ҳ˼ٴȥվ죬СӣҼסˣȻʤңһͲôˣлһսģ
ҵţ쵭صʼָ

Сӹֵúܣôһʤշɺüͷƣ죬ɻص
ȷʵܸоװҲɫȻ
ɽ΢΢һЦһʵģҲעúӮһѣ
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һܶĹ˿ͱԹѣʧȥϵǧöʯʮ˿ȴΪ˷ܣ˵ĿռָǵЦݡ
ҲϲѣȻĥ˰죬ʯûˣȻǹµɱĸֻֿһֻϣû˿в
죬²ע׬˽ǧʯˣ
ɫһ֮ǰӦ°ɣƷʯˣ
ףֵһЦͷŴȥ
ֵʿǲͣذŪеʯЦˣϵѥӲ֮ǰӣǱϴĸɸɾˡ
ǹΪ߱߱ض䣬Ա˺úýѥϴ˼飬ȴǸֵʿæѥϻûа㣬㱻ֵʿǿˡ

٣ôðɣ߽˵һ㣬Ƨռҵӣк
ɽֵܿˣ񣬵ֵˣǻûעأ
켴ɽĿͶɽߵƯŮϣû뵽ӻټ
죬غշɺһۣĿɽϣصΪʲôȥĶȥĶܵ𣿡
£񣡡ɽǳһ켴ɽʧˣҸ
ɽһЦڰ֣޷Сԣֱֱϲ
ƲƲ죬һ˵ֻǰһ۶Լˮշɺ衣
ʱˣɽĵܵܣµĸ磬һĿһֱͣԶ̨ϵϣɫɻ󣬵٣˱սʤˣ


343 ڰκ
ɽͷ˺ų߱ߣսʤոջսʤ˾񣡡
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ޣɽһ㶣켴عЦŵУȷʵһֻޣ
СӹޱȣƺǿȡʤģɫȻһ£ֿһԷյշɺ裬첲⵷һ£
죿Ǻǣ˻ʤˣ֪ͣ᲻սص
ȷˣһص
ֵܶһۣ΢΢һЦҪעˣ֪˭
񣡡ɽ

ׯ٣Ҳˣ˶ׯٷ
΢΢һ㶣Щ졣
ãׯٷɻ󲻽⣬£ģ
£ǫص
ŶСʲôׯٷüͷ΢ֹ
ׯ٣СһֵģЦŵǿͣΪˣôҲý˼ɣҼǵׯٶСӿǴѲѣ
ߣΪ˼棬Ҳ磡ׯٷƲƲ죬
ģ˼Ѿˣһ
ѾˣĽмصŮˣһŪϣ
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Ҳ㣡ĽɫȻ
ׯٷҲǶ־Ƭ̺ˣȻпˣǻȥӭһ°ɣ

Ѿʼˣ̨СŻţ˵Ŀⶼעȴ߱ߵĶ֡
˵˭أ
ҿ˳Ƿܣ
˵ܶûǿ
пҰ󣡡
Ұ󣿲ɣҰƺҲûǿ
˵᲻񣿡
ʲôô᣿Ⱦˣ;Ķ֣
ȷʵû˵ôţ

Сٴδ֮ʱһ·ǾͭľųߺըԵļ⣬óϵЩŮ죬
˱һͷ࣬ȴһǰһЩŹֵͼƣһЩͼڣϬͬһͷͻ
˳˵Ұеʱֳ˲ȴˣû˵·ֹһ㣬Щ˵ļס鴤ţѡ
Ϣ֮󣬳ϵ˲
𡭡
񣡡
޵񣡡

ոׯٷ۵һշɺһƺܲмԹշɺȡʤӦģΪûвμ̨ԣű㱻͸ڰκ
һϲĵӣڰκ೿ȥʱģңһ
ڰκʮ꣬龳ڵΪҲȥˣҪΪ˶Ȥ󣬶ȽϿãȫڴ
㲻ߣҵĳ˵ģڰκȤ֮һ
ϳˣӣֳĹڶģ¹һЦѾ׼עˡ
ʱ̨ڵʣһṫʱΪŵͶעʱ̡

ö룬ʻʤһһ
췻ǺܽΪ˱⣬ûнм䣬͵㡣
ڰκߵǰɣϸش˼壬ĿƵ۾ϣƺҪ쿴
쿴һڰκһ˿ɫ˵廹ȥǰͼģǹ졣
߱ߣڰκˣĽߣһңһűĮƺΪ
ͷ񣿡
ҽڰκ飡ڰκصĤݵģԼϣ
˵ţһ㶣ӱˣ㣬ǲˡҳΪ߱ߣǶĴ󲻾Ϊһڵڣ
⻰΢΢һ㶣ڰκ˼뻹Щޣһ֪ǷղߣԼҲûзЩˣ޻˵Ͼĺһ˼ûȴܲر˵
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˱ߵʯ࣬׼ſս
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첻֪һʼͷŶʹµ
ڰκֱͷųȾǿֵ΢΢ȡ
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ĳϣЩŵ᲻ǸϿڰκֲЩ㡣
İɣϷô󣬻ûмСˣЩм޻ҪֲȻô˵飬˵Щš
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ߣһһӣֻǵһշɺ裬۲졣
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²Լշɺһͣȭͷ߬һ˿ɫ켴ͷţЦŵ£˭Ӯ
»عͷշɺ裬СԴ¹ҲУҪе̫ȣҸûô죡
㡭շɺһ㶣˲һ㲻˵
ɽɫÿֻܽĿǫ̈̄ϣС̫ʶȤˡ
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ϵĻҪ˵ģû£ֶˣ¹ֱڿ죬ϲϰʣĳɾͿ»֮ϣ

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ڳǧڵҺȲУڰκ·ԶŵľԳһ
˲䷢ͷų˳ɵƺһ㣬Ҫһٽ߱ײɡ
ԸΥ߱ȻֵļΪѣڰκ֮˲䣬Ҳ˲ͷųڰκ֮ͬ⡣


344 һӵ
ٴγƽޱȡ
ڰκÿһ߱߶ֵ֮״̬
˷֮ڰκ󺹣ͭɫӴʱ˺ͭɫ
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ûءѵ³ĸ֣˭ˣѾ˼ޡ
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ҵģɣڰκһȫ֣ʮɵʩʯϣʯһ׹⡣
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ѾˣͻȻֵӰҲĪ˽
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ڵϣûǰһɴӰϷҪȫʱϷ
շɺǰӸµش죬صȣ
ֻۣһշɺ裬˶Էеɱüͷ΢صͷ
ţշɺһ㶣ǰС˲ʶʱ񣬾ȻԼҪͷŭߣΪʾԼĿ㲻ټƽϣ죬бҪ𣿡
ЦҿѺ˴ѵʯԼʤ򰡣ׯ𣿡쵭صµͻȻֵ˲췻ˣܸо˵Ѫ֮ڰκҪǿ
Ļշɺһ㶣Ȼɫļ˵㲻ʲôǶ˵һʾ޴Դ
֮ĽҲңշɺ
һֹշɺ裬˼Ƭ̺ͻȻʵ֮Ľδޣ
һ̨¶ʱ˹Цշɺ̱ࡣ
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㡭շɺصɱʢ֣ʱһֹĶ
λѣҳʮʯӮҵܵܣʯ߱ǣɽ˵ˣŴӵܵϲŭɫ
ʮ򣿻üͷ΢һɽ
ţɽһ㶣ûȻ˲ռӣ㻹ǺúɣǣռһзģĪҪ֪Ȥ
ŶǵĴ壿쵭һЦôûĲͷҹһȥռңߣôͷ
һɽ˵ɫˣϵ
ʱɽǰλѣʮʯٺϼһƷʯϣܿͷɺĽ
ɽľٶӵܴˣϿڰɽʵʵ֧ռҵͬʱҲлշɺ׷µͷ
һ򡭡Щǿ˼
ɽҲһ㶣ɫپòÿˣС̫ϵˡ
ҳʮϣⳡܹɣʱĽˡ
ҲʮϣٵӢˣЦݷǳαһֳһٵĳ嶯
Ҳʮϣ㻹սɫϲŭ棬ľֹܾڴռҵڴ
Ҳʮ򣡡೿Щɫڰκҵˣϣܲˡ
ׯٷǰ˽˱ȶ췻עΪ˼ʶλˣ췻ԸʮϣµʵȻ
쿴һ̨µļλ꣬ɫ򶨣ʮƷʯţ
ĿƵշɺϣҴӦˣ
λɫ΢һЩշɺеɱˣĹȴǻȸԾΪܸܵһʶԾ
ֵֻʿ氦ֹ̾𣬼ͷ࣬ûʲô֣˵үĲԴ
ѣ㲻ԳƶɮôлɵүˣԶĻ٩
ƶɮƨүٽеĻ桮ƶˣֵʿ޺޵ص
˲ݸӵǸˡ
շɺĶԾʼ֮ʣɽֿˣһ˿ɫ죬Ƕˣ㲻ôֳսɣ
һۣصģҪˣᰴÿѺ⸶
ɽ˵ɫЩࡣ
շɺѾߵʯһ棬λ
ûһ˿ţͽˣĽ
ʼ췻Ĳдȵ˱㿪ʼ˽
շɺһֱǾųȴͷһЩ㵯


345 ǿ
ѸסΣȫԸϢ㵹˳ȥ̨¡
ʱ˲ˣûһϢ֮˲䱬Ȳźڶ
ôܣշɺվɫѿָ֮ʹթ
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һϵˣɫˣɽϵɱ˲ͷųвң
֣ȴԼĲӱһֻԺĴֽסˣϢԼĵҲС
߾ȫ˼֣ſңȻ֮أ
ᱻвһӣɽϣֱѪˡ
˴󺧣ʲôɽ֮ߣȻͨˮƽɲߣôôأ
˹ȥһŲɽؿڣǧҪвңռֻǸЦʮƷʯһ鶼٣Ȼһ
󵨣ſĸ磡ռʱŷӦѸ̨Χ
룡һʩչ˼ֽʨӺľֱӽռҵļɣȫˡ
ȻŽɽƹţ֣
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˿ǿ󣬲ڶԣóӦʯ˹ȥһһûһ飬
ܺã쿴˼һۣһЦлλĴˣ
һѪĳ嶯޲ý˺飬뷨ֻѹȻ˲ڽµζɲܡ
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ʱĽͻȻһ󲻺ʱ˵˲ɫŭѭȥˣһнعơ
ʷǷǰ˿Щƺֵܣ֮Ϊݾףһˣʮ꣬ʮ֮
ΪҪǣ˴·Ʒ޼ף˫ۣǼȷļ⣬·һͷƶޡ
ˣŭɶļӵ˲ϨŹǿǸʮߣɻ
ֻһۣûж룬Ѿµ˵Ĵ
ӦǴܻҵˣΪǰһֳڻɵĵ֮
ÿһͨߵ̨ǰһۼλӵܣһЦ
λӣɺã֮ǰƵȿʵ
˶ûлػֻ췻ׯٷ̲صŻôģ췻棬԰
һ˽Щ֪ݵߣʼ˽
ǺǣôУ͸͸ŻӵһЦɣոտλֵܵǿ֣Ҫʶһ
켴죬΢΢һЦֵ¼죬̨֪γƺ
һҵɫֱˣȻʱ޷죬ֻҪһЩʱ䣬ǸԵԮϵʱһѩǰܡ
ôܵĻӲУѰˡ
ɫ䣬ʲô֮ģͨϰûʲôһΪ磬ֻǿߺ֮֡
Է̬ȻȥҲΪԷصɽҰСӣҳݣ
˵֮󣬼ӵܶʱһܾ˾Żӵ
Ż΢΢һͣһƺЩŭ⣬ںǳ⣬Żһһ㲻˵
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Żɫ΢䣬ЦɣǼĳˣ
ߵǸȴɫãŭʶ̧٣
ֱӺŻӸһȻһʮ֮ǿߡ
˻⣬ǰһ֣ðԣ˳ưǾŻӵĽղſ˸µǿֶΣҪһϣ³ȫ
쿴һðԣصͷ
һͣðʲôˣǵ⣬ðĸ֣ǲȱ
󵨣ϸǿ㣬֪ôŻԵŭǰ
쵭ؿһۣǺˣ
ҽмʮӣͷȻص
쵭һЦʮӣܲһݰ
΢΢һ̾ŻһתΣߵ磬ʵǸ˭ݵλ
һ֣˰ɵϣȷʵΪƳĹ۵㡣
ɫʮѿΪԼݣԷ̬Ȼת䣬ǳϣǰ˸ӲԣʮҪǳ⼸䣬ȴֹˡ
Żӿ죬̨֪ҪʲôĲͷ
쵭һЦأȱʯΪףõóұһ
һ٣ҴҴææţûдôʯ
ûʯǾˡ㣡쵭ص˵һҪߵӡ
ʱŻסֻԷЦŵ̨ĪȻûʯȴһʯҪмֵ̨֪һΣ
ŶǸ߽ҩ߲ϣֻǱк͹似У˼
ҡҡͷӿռָóһ쿴˹ȥһԲεĻƽӣЩּ
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ЩҵҲʶɻ󲻽⡣ȴЩԸ⣬Ÿ磬ʹã
һĵȻһۣûϳڻ
ڻ
һ϶ʱ
ģȻڻ
Ǵ˵еڻ𣿡
ôԽóעأ
õڻԽڻ͵־



346 ս
ڻһ˵ˣЩĵӣҲǴѲѡ
ԴȴûжȤ֪ļֵһ˵ɹҲûжƽϣаɣǿɣ
ȵȣô죿Ȼ
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쵭ؿ˼һۣҸͲ䣡
켴һðԣսĿͣڼϣȻΪƽĳЩ˵̬һóİʯ
İ򣿺ߣ㵱ڻǷһ
ؿһۣȻóģҪģϲʯҩȣڻһǿԱãҲŲҪأ
㡭ɫͨ죬ɱ֡
ʲô㣬ǲͬ⣬㲻Ҫȥ·һ£һҪߡ
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ͷ⼧쵹Ǹ߿˼֣Ĺ˵ãԺ󼴱ûΪڹ棬Ȼһɾ͡
һðԣ׼ɣ
ð΢оǰ龳ڵСʮֹ죬Լ޷͸ߵʯһ棬ԴĦô̽ĵӡ
ܸܵðӿѪһߣڵƤһԭɹγɣԭĴҩʹ¡
Լʮ㣬״ߣҲҴ⣬ڶԿ֮Ӷ֣ڶս֮ʱӡ
ݵߵʯһ棬һϢĽƸȥ
Ƭ֮ܵ洫ľ޴
Ȼǿ󣬱֮ǿ̫࣬޷Ტۡ
վʯðԣҲ֣Ϊ˱ʾԶֵأһʼͷų˰˳ɵǶԷһبʯɽһ㣬Լƺ޼¡
Ϊһߣļ˽ȻѰҪ಻٣ǰ֮˷ǳ߳߶Ͽûж⣬ôӵôǿ
Ī츳
Ӽתţͣ˼ţҪõ𰸣ͬʱͣʯʩӵ

ϣʮ֮ƺ̫һ㣬𣿡ĳϿðԣ΢΢Щġ
ֺһɫȻ಻֪Ȼ˶ֵսӦмְյģ
˴ʱЩ㣬ܸܵðԵǿ󣬰ʤ
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ѾǺǿһˣ״Ҫƽʱǿǧ
ԣԶð֮ϡ
ðһߣӣԼܶԭΪԼ棬˽⿰ײһ
ðԴʱɫأǿ󳬳һ龳ڵСӵе
֪ΪθóİƷʯΪעˣ˼ţ
ȫԸôڻǶʾ֮µһ龳۷߽ڻʾĻһ֡
ͷų˾ųϢҲӦǿһͨ󷨴ݹ㽫ˡ
ðݽҧͷųȫ첲ϵļ¡𣬶ͷѪ֡
ƺܵðԵļޣ㲻ͣ˲ʩһ
䡭
ʯһ׹⣬ðֱӱˣһ˼ؿ졣
ʱȴ˿ûһӣʱЩĹ˿֪ԼˣС֮ǰװġ
ǻ˳ӣѵʯ׷Ī
Ǽӵܴʱ֪ǶˣˣǸްһ㡣
ֵɫǳÿΪðԳ֣Ȼɻ죬ԷĿڽ£ǴʱǷ·һ㣬˷۱
ڻǱһʮöҶûжöڼϡԼеöǴܻʵ۽ԼģλֶûС
ܲԸڻͳȥǻ˵ô˿ţΪӵܣʳԡ
ðԶ죬һڣɫȻһֱˡçײ˴и֣
û˵΢΢ףת˼죬Ӯˣ
ɫףˣвʣҪֹ죬ǿļ콫ڻӳȥ㴫ðԣڻõ
ðԵƺЩ̫Ը⣬ӷвܲһеڻ
ܵðԵľٶüͷ΢˲ڿնץ򿿽ԼĻƽơ
ٶȱðԿ첻٣ԣðԾԼߵʱڻѾС
ðԵȭͷѾԼĺģǲСģˡ
ֳƣգϮȭͷĳ
أ
һΣ˺ڵϣð˺岽̨ء
ϴʱѾˣձսʳ̶ȸһ㡣
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Ҳͬ˼ڻôͳȥˣҲ̫ûֵˡ
쿴ðԣĮǺ⣿
ð֪ԼҲûа취ֻڻûʵôӵУ뿴ܷ񱣻ڻ
۾΢Уһۼֵܣһ˿⣬켴ĿͣðϣȻ㻹û̽ǿԼ
ʵðԴһ죬ʵ
ͷ֪ҵʵսְɣǵαܵøһЩۣϣȫ֣
ðɫأǲµʵ˷Է˵ܵһǰδеѹԷսԼ֮ϡ
սǰ˫΢ţһ˫ȭգϵ͹ԡ
ֳһԵӰƺһͷ
ƥ
ðһȭԪںһƲɵ
΢ðԵԪȻͨˮƽǿսơ
Ȼ壬ûʩչԪֻһȭʵ޻һȭ
أ
ֻȭͷײ˺һðֱӵɳȥ̨֮¡
϶ʱѻȸȫߣһοôսһƥһ⣬ǽȴԼ෴
ð˦˦Լ֣ͷײһ˲䣬оԼǻˣֱ۷顣


347 ˾ƿ
￩һ£·һ㣬ɵüˣǰұҳǳ
Ŷô˵ǻԵ΢΢ȣٴδһȻǸõطܱ
˵ֱ꣬ת˻⣬֪γƺ㣿
С죡칧شﵽ
΢΢һ㶣ɫ΢䣬̾һ֪Ϊ£
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ҩһɻ󣬵˶չҩģȴ۵ģĪʦ
ͷǰɣ
Ŷ֪ĵҩʲôƷףһ˿ɫʵ
û˵ֱóһռָݸˡóһƿӣʶһɨ˲ɫ䣬ϵƽסͷųп಻ȻƵӰ죬ûз³֣ͦ˵ġ
˿˿еƿӣһöϸع۲ǵ־磬Ҳμ飬ݵƽסš
죬ⵤҩǳ֣
ͷ
˳һ̾ԹӢ۳갡ΪҪϽˣ
˽ҩŻƿȻƿһ
ʮϢ֮˫ſռָȻ׼ƷÿһöĵޱȣţҲУ
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˰ڰ֣ʵʵ˵ѣ㲻ùǫģĵҩǻ㶨ԿºˣѹƷ
ǰƷóƿݸˣ涼ƷʺóЩƷҩһ۵ģһһĽף
ŶĽף˵ɻ󲻽⣬
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ɫһţ
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˵꣬ЩҩǱǧҲⰡ˸̾㻹С֪еƵ׼Ʒļֵ
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ҡҡͷһЦĦĵӣ
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Ȼ˽꣬һƸСŴҹɫİɣһύǵģʱ޶࣬ˣϣ㲻Ҫ⣡
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ҵ֣ƺܶ˶ǵˣҲкܶûڽгˣĳĿѪĽְֺްϧ޷࿴ˣ˸лˣҽ˾ƿգ
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ر֣һ
찵֣ܲµȱضһˣǧǰǽжš
˾ǰСӹѪ˥ǲˣϸ۲˼˾ƿգ
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Ĭˣ˵⣬һ߳Ƶߣʱȴȳĺ˭ˡ
ǰһЩٵĵҩԶһЩʱգ˼
Թ˺ܶΣǣֵҩһЧãڶξʹˣԺûʲôˣҡҡͷ̾
ϸ˼һԼԺеĵһ飬רѰЩٵ鵤ֺܶ඼񵤣ҪЩֻڴ˵ᵽҩƲС
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Ҫǣֵҩ٣İˣ˾ƿ˵ʺϲ
ǰСӵһǰã쿴ǰˣɫ
Ŷ˾ƿɻˣȻ㣬ɲΪĵΪݷĺܶʦҲûҵĵһСӣУ
Ѿݷ˺ܶ൤ܣҲ޷ʺҵĵĺˣ˾ƿ̾һ
ǰСӲԣȷʵһϹŵƳҩ꣬ǧ꣡˽̬찵̾һɫ
ŶԷ飿ϹŵһϹŵ֣лָɣΪ֮ǰеǿ߸ֻϹŵĵҩԽȡ
ͷⵤΪٵϹŵеļζҩң
һѣҪЩҩңֻҪҩһӦÿҵ
΢΢һЦҩڣ߽ͨҩһЩϡٵҩ
Ŷ죬࣬лȻ񱨣˼ѣ̬Сһ㡣
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Ȼĸ֥κֻ֮⣬Ԫ֮ģ˻˲١
ǰֻҪ㱸ҩٵȻƳ쿴żˣֻٵһרֵַܱҩƷʣ֮˱붮ַУ
˵ַȻˣʧ˵ɽַٵȻǴӷ޾ļлõġ
֮ǰʶȽǳΪ޾ǰˣڣ֪յļһǧǰˡ
Ǻãһ·һͷˮһ㣬˲ʧ֪롣
ǰҪģСûַʱƣȻǰʧ΢΢һЦŵص
˾ƿЩ̫ţ죬츳ͼȷȷƳĵҩ
ǰˣС֮ǰƹͬȼĵҩȻģ֪˵ɻ󣬿
ˣСˣȥѼȱҩģƲ죬յ˶칪һݣл
ǰˣסˣϾ˫һֺϵ˵ֻǶ֣Ħİο֮ء

չһЩ·ƿҩĵȳ֮Ǳ˾ƿգ˻С
תƣżһƷ߹ǣҪʲôãеʯΪոճһҩڵʯ
ڲƴֵ죬ֶҲûпƬʱ䣬㻨һƷʯ
ͬʱʯлжˮһЩʡ


348 ĵʿ
齵Ϳ;ӿջȥңҲסҲֿ
ߣҽβ˦Ȼֶˡ
ţôϳǵģǳɻˣ췻ʱݹģȻϳˣǾЩ˼顣
ǲûϳֻǻɶѣ
ɣɻ
ͷڸǱԵʱ˵ѺעǴֵģһжģҺһȻҪɵң
ԭˣ̫Сˣϰ̾һ
ʲôĦʱ¹ˣѵӣȱǶͦڽȣηЩС𣿡һӦ
ȷʵǲȥǱˣҲ£˭ǣҪصĴۣʦ壬ˣ
ȥɣעⰲȫֵͷ۾һȺе׷ߡ
ʶ˲串ǴƬҵһƧ򣬱㲻ȥ
ոͷʶһ˲䣬پĸʾĸ֡
˭ʵʹУһ׷߾ʯУϸظջ񣬺ȻһǿʶɨʹʧɫϣÿʱܻһЩߣɽҰСݵЩ񣬵ԸҪźã
һջУһ뷢Ҳ۾и𣬻֣
һĸۡһĿڻ԰£Ȼоʵʶɨɫ䣬૵ʱ䣬²̫ƽ
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˵΢΢һֵ
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ٶȽȻЩβ͸ˣ˺ٵʱٶȽؼӿˣһֱת߰˸䣬ӰͻȻʧˡ
ʱ龳ߴ󾪣ܵʧĵطĿΧѲš
أһ
ˣһԴһŭ⡣
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ৣ
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ԺĲ߶ˣżгƪ¡
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СõŴˣһֵӰҰУҲʹǷ
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۾һһСüëһ̣һ£ó涣ҧľǣڻؤݡ
֪ϵ·ǱֻҪѡ
ιӣӮôʯȥסջúϴһҸƯ椶ܵʲôȻ͸ʿûе־ĳ̶ȣ٩


349 ƶ
ֵʿʹգգ۾Ȼİ«οӣཹཡغڣʱԺ
۾ŵʿϵİ«һ˿ɫܿ«Ǹ
ֵʿӺ߽죬ΧתһȦϵĳζѬֱס˿ڱǣסϢ
𣬿񰡣ԭ㣬ĪǸүͲˣֵʿϲ۾һգգ
ӣѬ˰ҲҳһʯϿȥϴϴƿԼ
飬һʯүϴҲ߯˰ɣֵʿƲƲ죬ȻԸ⡣
ãҳһʯƺ«ң۾һת΢Цŵ·Ѿֵʿϵĳζ
ȥȥȥĶ죬Ķȥֵʿסİ«Сϱһӣض졣
Σ׳һ룬ջʿ
ֵʿڰ֣ٴ˺ǧ򶼲У붼룡
ƲƲ죬ֹˣ浱ߣһ̳Ӷѣ
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ֵʿ촽ĭľ̳۾һ«ȻоƣȴȲľ㣬ΪľǴӳһСƹݵľƽ͵ģȻ޷ļȡ
˿Լİ«Ŀͣľ̳ϣιСӣ̳װʲôƣôô㣿
ǽѲɣǶûм̳΢΢𣬴˵ֹ˼ڣ񫡣
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˾Ǹ֣
ιӣ㲻ô˵ĶأƲƲ죬ص
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Сֵʿֹ۾ȴһֱ졣
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֮ǰƣŻ͹࣬û˸ԼƷ
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һʱ󣬵ʿδϾأʩֶΣʪܵ·ˡ
һʱϴЧֵʿϵ۾ȥʱҲû֮ǰˣֻҪһͷһõ˵ӡ


350 
ףСӵģȻ̳ƣүˣʿһ̳ս˿ռָһ̳ñᣬȻ
СӶ˵ǹ죬ҾȻ͸·һ޵һôأһ죬ֵʿȻǰδеֹ̬ʵǹ죬ôˣ
ʿԽԽ֮ͨ£ֻ֮֮ܽԺ󣬹Լӡ

߳ưܵԺӺ󣬱ʩչ˿ռ⾳Ųƴ󷨣ܿ㵽£ûȥǵҹ
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ʶչ˰ѰͿ;ӡƬ֮ҵ԰ĵطٱȥ
Ϳ;Ӳλֵĵط෴ǳλƧ֮صĿ֮סģȫߣһЩǿߡ
ķ䲢ǿֶˣΪڳͿ;ֻһԺţͨĿͷѾעˡ
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û˵Ѿʼҵʱڣߵǣ洦ɼȷң˵ƽ衣
ǱȽϷĵģ˵ʵһе֡

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עĿߴʯʲôģʮɵĵط˸ָĺۼۣۣǹۣۣȭӡӡָӡͽӡȵĹӡǡ
ÿһӡƺһ˿ԪĲԽϣӡԽ١ʮϣֻۼÿһۼ϶дϢڲԲϣԵرҫۡ
𾪲ѣʯЩˣܹϣӦñȴоԶ
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ǣڸңƽһ࣬һָץӡȻ̺ɱ¾⾳
һͬȼĸһ첻òӵĸ
龳µ߸ą̊́׶޷ϡ
ǹʯºۼʯΧһɴһɼǿشƣ谭ϵж
ԣʵԽǿʯԽߡ
ʯ·ÿʮɣһͬĲΣңͲн㲻֮ˡ
ʱȺ˲
쿴˵ǽۣ
֪ваʵͨͨ
ֻܵף

ȥֻһ֮ڵߣһʯϣʯȥ
֮Ϊͨͨ㲻ţԣǽ׵Ĳ쳣ƺܵ˼
ͣ
ͣ

ΧĺȲϣźΪÿһͷߣ·ϿԼӰӡ
ܵ˵Ĺ˵Ʊǿˣһһ̤ʯסȴ˺ܳʱ䡣
ϵھŽ׵ʱعЩ߹һݣȻ˵ͺȲдʯȥ
ʯΧһɴѹʯҪǿһЩÿһߵ÷ǳ·ѹһɽһ㣬ֱ
˶ǵĺһεε
ܼ֣һɵľ룬ʮ·ʱ䣬ڵʯ档

˴һþȫԪһȭʯʹ
䣡
һ׹ⷺߵķݣ˳ȥڻɵĵط
ҡҡλεվԼոչĵطһǳǳȭӡЦˡ
Ȼףǳɹˣ
ܶ˶ʼƣȲʣ
ҲкܶεҡҡͷΪ޷Щ
һ˳Գɹвǰԡԣ½½кܶŷȥɹ۵ģһ
ҡҡͷʯʵԣⷴӳĲпԡ


351 ңӰ
ȥעߵľٶǽעʯĺۼϡ
ΧУŵ֪ϵĸš
ʯ棬ǧӡǣǾϣȴֻʮۼʮۼϸ
񲢲һɲģǾߣԿɽ
֮ǰԥΤХˣǵ׵ģ֮ǰ˰˺Ҳǵڶʮһڶʮġ
Ѿʮˡ
˵˫ǧҰ˫֮ǰʮλѾǵʮλˡ
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ǰУλӵڰλ
ɻǣҵĹӡǵʱоŵӡλϡ
ô£
쿴Աߵһߣ֮ڵΪһͬҪǿһЩԼΪ䵽֮һֱ̻ڹ㳡ϣƺƺ֮˽Ķࡣ
λѣˣһⲻף̵ѣ칰ֵ
񣬽Ҷﳾͺã˰ڰ֣
֪ڼλ쿴Ҷﳾһ˿ɫòʵ
ǺǣֵܣǸǵİɣҶﳾʮ飬죬ûΪԷ龳ڵΪСԷ
ղŵǣողŵ֪ʯǵķ쵭һЦֵ
ֲãҶﳾͷȻָӡ˰ɣһƱǸ˰һλӵڰˣ
Ŷüͷɻ󲻽⣬ѣ᲻Ūˣӡ滹оŵۼأӦʮŶԣ
Ǻǣ֪Ҷﳾ΢΢һЦָʮϵۼۼ˰ɣ
ͷʾ϶
Ǹӡңǿ޵еĸ֣Ҷﳾָңӡңϵͬһ㣬˾һܽʶĸ֣㲻ˣ
һͷˮҶﳾĻƺԼɻûйϵԷĻ𰸡
ҶﳾָŲнĽۺǵصצӡ˳ֵıȽ磬ңһ޵ǿߣֻأû֪
ô˵ϵĸ֣һҪоݲŶԣ쿴ˣʵ
ҲҪ֪Է֣Ҷﳾͷÿ춼ش˵أڼ¼³ֵǿߣܶ˶֮󹫲Լ֣λȴ˲ʧ֮˸ûΪצۣû˷ʲôʱµģ
û˵˼Ƭ̣ʵһУֻѣ
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˵ĻȻΧһЩ˵ע⣬һЩƺͬĻҲһЩȴǺܲм
ûڰȴͷһȺֻһȺĳε˹һͷ­ưؿˣ鼫Ϊм
췢۷ΪѪͨͬҪʢһЩսȻ֮ͨ۷ҪǿӦÿԵˡ
⼸һ߹Ⱥʼ۷׷ס
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Ѳţ
û⼸ˣӦǸոյҪɣ
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ߣб¾ڷɣ˵˰죬ҿǸԼܣȥҿǳɣñӿˣмص
˿ѱȻڵŵˣһİɣҶﳾһڵĵӣص
ǵȻʦֶȻ񣬽ǰʮû⣡һڵĵӿҶﳾưص
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ڵĵб۾һҶﳾ۾úÿŰɣʲôŽߣסҵֽϣ
˵꣬ϵ磬ݸ֮ˣȻ˫ֱ󣬴ŷȥ
˷׷࣬ÿһС·ȥ
ģˣ
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ڣва
ͷڵĵӣ˹Ʋɣ
˵

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ӣǿǿĶˣ˸ߵӶ˰Ҳҡҡͷ̾
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ҶﳾɤӣѧңЦǣңүˣ׼ɣ
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ôɣҶﳾѧң֮ͷļ򣬵
̫ˣͷ˴Ĵָƽ
ǣȻô֮أҶﳾȻ·ңԼ
ЩҶﳾʵӦмְǣȴ˳ңЩѽ⡣
˵ĿƵǴϣ֮ڵΪԱ֮ǰҪǿƣ˿ھ֮ϵĵطԼӡǣҪǰʮ˵
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ҲˣǾŽװʯףȵ̤ˣǰʮϢʱ䡣
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ӷɹˣҹƺܶ˶ᱻӣҶﳾʯϵǵӰҡҡͷ̾
Ҫ֮󣬽Լӡ棬ǲŽй񫣡
Ҷﳾת˼£û˵
վڵھŽʯϣͷưؿһ۳ϵˣһǲм
ģһͷ
زˬ۶ѣô
˭Сһ٣ҳһʯ
˼ңû񣡡



352 
ϵľٶȻ˺ܶ˵ĲˬߴѣЩ˻ĵһʧܡ
ڵǼӺţЩáĵŭĿӣ˼Ҫ֡
϶˵ķӦǣȻһ»Ǻġ
ھŲ֮ϣϿǰľ޴ʯܵһ޿ƥеѹûһ˿£Ȼȥ
ڽʯǰһɷΧ֮ʱͻأسһѹѹһΡͷųԪֲֿֿѹ
ȻʵһУȵؽشƵѹΧٽʯߣϵȫͷţ֮۷Ϊһչţżأڿն
һɣɣɣڣϵγ˾ɣʮɵĵߣʱѾûˣ˶оֹڴˡ
Ȼǿ˼󣬱Ȼһƻʯϣһƺۡ
䣡
ʯٴηһ׹⣬һֱֲӽϻɣڵϣҺüڵĵӿ׼ᣬס
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ģӾȻڶʮˣүҲ̫˰ɣҶﳾһϵӡڵڶʮλЩˬص
۰ҡҡͷֹ
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Щ֪֮߶쿴ʱĹ㳡ϣǿʮЩ˺̶ܴϱЩǰʮ꿡ţֻ˼ұȽϵ͵ѡ
ϲûʶԼкβףҶﳾؿˣ˰ɣֻۣǿ߲ôĽɣҸһᣬңԺٲǵĺô
һΧ˻ȻƺܷϣȴϷʼˣ˵ĿⶼƵ
һ㶣һۣҶﳾͻȻӷأ
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ϲûע⵽˵˵ưؿŶˣûУҿûʱǣҪ˻ᣬ׷ңڵˣԺǣ¿ߣ
ޣ޳ܣģҲ˵ִ󻰣
ңûô
ߣҿŹ㳡϶ѣ
ʲô˲ģƷŶѣûưµĳ̶Ȱɣ
һẦڣ

áѣģûִֿģȻϾǴٮٮߡ
ɫ䣬ҶﳾȴЦˣϣʮβˣҲˮƽѲңǿ
ɫһĿƵʯ϶˵ǵӡϣңߣҳᳬģһɢ޶ѣûŵշܻܲ˵
˵ͬʱһ˿壬첶׽ˣһңɱ⣡
ɫ𽥱䣬֪һΪζңе⣬ҲȥˣǶ֮еģӦûš
ʱҶﳾȴ˵ˣɫȻؿϣҲ˵Խңߣ޵ô˵ϼңܹȺӢǱǶڼƴģţ˭֪ǲĳһĵӣҪ֪ϲֹһڣ𹬣Ҳ֪򣬻򣡡
һٴηʱɫһ˵
Ҷﳾ˵ĺܶԣֻһһƷⶼ㲻ϣҪ˵ˡ
ϴʱмŭ⣬Ҷﳾ˵ģȴԷˣϽסͷųɱ⣬ؿҶﳾҲǸңɱӦû⣡
Ҷﳾһ㶣켴ЦɱңƾҲ䣿
ϴŭȻ֣һƻҶﳾ
Ҷﳾɫ䣬ƽӦԣһȭ
أ
һײ˲˿ɫ䣬ΪֶԷʵԼ֮ϡ
ܶΧ۵ˣȴǴҶﳾȲʡ
ΪոյײϱһɣҶﳾȴ˺˰˳ߣ˵ʵɼһߡ
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ȴɫأ֮ΣԺ·˵޷ǰ;Ҳˣ
ߣǿɲһҶﳾһת
Ҫʲô
ѵҪ
Ӧˣ
֪ва
Ӧаɣ

ϿҶﳾŷȥ˲סˣ켴һΪҶﳾۡ
ΪиԣԪʵ޷۵ģҲֻŵ߲ſۣȻЩߵ߶ˡ
Ҷﳾȵ˾ŲףϻҪɼ֣վھŲ׶˵ʱ򣬹㳡Ļ
ʯ߾ʱ򣬹㳡ϵĻ֮ǰˣϵɫʮѿ
ҶﳾȴҪǿż㣬ڿնֹʮ֮¡
ʱȻ֣һȭʯϡ
䣡
ʯٴη׹⣬ɣ˹㳡ϣûǱȵվš
ʱ˵Ŀⶼʯȥ
ֻҶﳾĵطһȽȭӡȭӡ£ڵʮλҲǷĵʮڳ֮֮ϡ
Ȼǰʮ
˼飡
ϻȻ쳹ء
ϵɫ࣬ôҲû뵽ҶﳾȻۣһǷǰʮҪǣҶﳾһǰʮٲȻ˿еһЦ
Ҷﳾ˹ɫϣЦţɣķҲˣӦúܲˬɣ
ȭͷգеɱŨҶﳾû˵һڵĵȴʲôʮѣʦֿߵĴڣ
ҶﳾһЦȷʵǿ˼ȴû֪һߣ
ߣ˰ɣȻǿʦȣʲôǣص
ҶﳾҡҡͷһЦ˵ˣǿű˻ţ
ȴʯ֣֪ӳʲô󷨣Ȼã
ȷʵʯŹֵĺܣڵޱȾԶ仹Ҫ󣡡ҶﳾȥϵˣǸһʯֵγƺ
һ㶣׿Ҷﳾ΢΢һЦҽ죡
Ҷﳾȳ˼һָʯֵҪ˽Ҫһ
Ŷȥ𣿡΢΢һЦ


353 ž
ǺǣֵܲЩϲȥҲԸһǰʯ׵Ĺ죬Էһʶ
쵭һЦãȥԣ
˵꣬ʯȥ
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СӲԴɣ龳ھ͸Ҵˣ
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Ѿţô죬һ֮ǰĳӡ
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סˣʲô
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˱ңΪݵţ
ϿңӰӣЩʧ
ϵɫʮѿֹͣţģģôһشƵıһ
ΧûȥˣУϾһС
ԽԽо֣ʯײ֪Ǻ̫ˣ벻͸еԭ
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ģûпɣһң𣿡

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ΪЩߵ⣬սһ㡣
Ȼûע˵ķӦһʯ⡣
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ڸʲô
ƺʲô
Ӧ˼һЩ

۷׷ףڲ²ľֹԵɡ
֮ͻȻջָ˲ڿն
һɣɣɣɣʱȺӳˡ
˵ܹϵߣ
˵Եʮɣ
̫ˣǰʮӦû⣡

˵Ļ˲䱻ˣֻƽȵسʮ֮ߣƺûһ˿谭
ʮһɣʮɣʮɣٶȼˣȴ̫ԡ
ϵļǿסˣң֮ʱҲûɣٶȷʮ֮ߡ
Ϊ𺳵ĳ滹ں档
ֻ˲ӹʮɣʮȥϢѾʮ֮ߡ
ģôܣ
Īۻ˰ɣ
Ȼϵʮˣ񰡣ҪҪ˻ˣ

ŸоشƵѹٶȶٽȴûֹͣ
ϵͷţشƿš
ʮɣʮɣβûͣ
˵ܵߵĵط
ʮɣ
˵Եʮɣ
ѺѣʮɾѾˣ
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˵УѾڵʮ֮ߣȻȻ
ģ㳡ϰޱȣû˵ˣΪѾڵʮ֮ߣٽߣͻƵʮˡ
ʱλޱȣϵѹޱȾ޴Ѿͷųȫ֮⡣
ʮߣʮĳߣʮɰ˳ߣʮɾųߣ
쵽ʮɵʱͣˣʮ֮ߵĵط·һεıݣ谭ǰ޷͸
ܲϲţ
ͣתͬʱһһȭա
䣡
ʮɸߵĵططһζΧ˲ңֱײ
һȭȴãȫʩΪ彥θߣͻ˶ʮɵĸ߶ȡ
ģʮˣ
񰡣ҿʲô
һΣһǣ
ǰ󰡣

ʮһɣͣѾûˡ
ƣȫʩΪһָ
һָ
Ϊµķָ˫Ī⣡
䣡
ʵ޻һָʯϣ˲䣬ʯһ׹⣬ײϣȴûнײɣš
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ˣ
ˣ
˭˭֪
ģһǿߣңҪǿడ

ҶﳾʧӰ֪뱻˻Ϥݣ㲻˵вǰѯʡ
뵽ǸңɼңԼûмȴһΪֲľŽ̸ôãԺ󼴱Ǹ죬ҲԼ̸ˣȻһԺ
ϣɫѾ԰ײ岻ͣزţȻ־壬ңǣĪǿߣԼȴ
ˣҪǶԷǰѰô죿
亹˵һ䡰ߡ˵У뿪ˡ

뿪˹㳡ϢȺдţ˵ط³һһס
ոԼ֮ʱʶɨоʾǿߵ̽飬Ϊ˲鷳뿪
ڰǼ׷ԼʶԼղŵңʱҲʶ׷ٹ
ЩӲңˣ֪ȥĶˣϣҪʲô⣡
첻ȥˣᣬң˵ȥʱԼˡ
ٴλصֵȺУڸС꣬ƷŸָʳչһЩŹֵĶ
ַ˵ԻϵѪϢԼᷢһЩıʣʱϣһ֣ʱȴϣһһ֡
ìܵȴвΣ˵ÿĵԼ쵣ĺȻһ죬ԼԼϡ
ڴϻεһ죬һЩ˽⡣
صͿ;ӵʱǰʱ֣ңȻûлֶֻڵȺԼ
һʱҪʼˣ˱еȥ
Ϳ;ӵнʮ·̣ȴ㲻ʲô
ڿ쵽ʱֶУԼݲᣬЩԼ֣ᴫˣǲ뾺ġ
Ȼỹвһʱſڵȴʤ


354 ңټ
вĴ龳ĸ֡
˾ƿո뺯ԣһ뵽˹䣬Ůźš
ֶֻͨıͣʮ˵ĴУȴῪʼ
ǲЩŮʼת׽֮бӣ
ģĴѾˣֻһЩյ뺯Ĺû
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Լҵˣμ죬ʮ߽˶¥İ䣬Ϊһˣ֮
ţҵҲˣμһʮҵˣ֮ҲǴ˴βλΪǿߡ
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֮ռҵ˵ˣӵռҵμ֮Ըһ֮ߡ
ռǰҵ˺ŸռҲμӣ֮ҼģƲꡣ
׼Σ˵տöҼռҼЦŵ
ֲҲбɣҲ˵ˣвٺöϣֵʯ㹻裬ص
ģȻִ٣һЦԼֵĿռָ
Ǿͺã̲صһ䣬һ仰ȴɫÿ
ˣ֣˵岻֮ǰ˲⣬֪ҵûУҪæ˵迴ޱϵص
ɫ쳣ѿͲͷˣǸСӣǳҵģϣ֣
Ȼˣֻϣҵ֣һ֣
лֵĺˣȥˣɫÿһ֣¥ϵİȥ
迴ӰЦһ˭֪ǵǿĴڣ㾹ȻץԷѣռ֮ղԶˣ

Ѿ˳״̬ո̸ĵطȻԶˡ
ռץԼѣ
˭أ
ѵǡ
ɫ䣬ֲҲң飬ԭǱռץˡ
˲ͷųһɱ⣬ϯЩ߽Զ˸սЩˣǿ֣߳ǾֻѰ
ֻһʱŭ˲ϢİΪģʩȫһߵʶ̽ĵ
ˣһҪ뷨跨ңȳ
ͬʱҲ˼ôȥ
ռǵĴ壬ǵĵλܸߣҺңƷˡ
ȻںˮĴţһЩġ
ĦԸռңӦÿ԰⵹ֻὫĦٴչҰУʱ˵һЩ
ȻлţĦˣⲻ硣
첻ĦٻҪʵõһС
һ»صλͷųʶЩǰ̽ʶȥ
ỹһӣʱЩѾˣڣˮڣ̣ݽȣҵȵȣеĹռˡ
ЩжʾǿߵȻ޷ϹȣǶ˵ЩǿޱȣĿǰ״̬µԼܺġ
Щʾǿһ㽫ʶɨİ䣬Ƕ֪ȫΪİ䣬һĿ˿õġ
ʶЩ֮ϣԣͶȡһѣԼֲʶͷųؽЩס⿱졣
Ȼ߽ĲֹһЩһЩصĿˣоһˣ챶ѹΪһ֮ǿߣϹҪǿһЩ

Ὺʼһ欵Ų̊˵ȴһֹˡ
ɣȻûпʼһֵӰΡΡ˽һ۴۾һУǰλȥ
ʵʮ˵ʱѾϯˣкܶɢվλΧġ
ǣӷ·ûпһ㣬ֱߵ˵һţ˿ֶˣȻֻ۾ӸµضԱߵ֮ߣЦеصλѣƶɮλԵһ£
˶ʱһ㶣漴ɫ䣬ӣĶĶȥүռʱλܱƭȥ
𣬵Բӣƶɮⲻ֣зֵʿҾңƶλԵԸ㿴
һȥӣҪٷүҾͰ·Ū⣬ӵ͹֮ͣ΢ŭǳ
𣬵ѲλԵλֵʿһֶָˣ
ͷ˴ŭٲ㣡
ʱĻҪǰӸϳȥȴһֹˡ
ҪЩ˵
һߣһ˿ɫôƹɵģƺûмӵʲô·
ȻʮͻһЩʿֻǣǳԾǣֵʿ촩ͦģҲǰĳѬˡ
ֵʿǰŭĿߵв˿û⣬𣬵ѴԲӣ˵ԴȱΪɳɾϴĲĳˣΪγ
˵꣬˿ڣֱһץؿڣƶɮλԵòãүҪ
ֵʿһӣ˱ʯһ㣬ӵǽǣĿɿڴ£ֵʿһȻЦ𣬵ѣּˣ
ֺǲ죬һЦӦҲμӾ𣿡
𣬿ѣֵʿʱȴõһ㣬̸·Ƿ
λӵԶߣŻعŭǰ֣ȴһס㻹ǰȥǸ֣㲻ȥɣ
ع˸˲һ˿ɫ㲻ٶԹԵվڽˡ
ֵʿ̸ֵʿ˼άԾ̫ˣصĽţֻܾţʱͷʱü˼
λΪӭӼȣкͻϾּΪṩһЩĵŮۣȴޱȡ
ᣬԼṩĶ⣬һЩ˵ļĵ䱦ϣλ뾺ģ
Ǳ˾ǣʽʼŮӴȵһƷ
˾ǵĻ˵꣬㳳۷׷ס


355 
֪һƷʲô
ǵҩ
ǹ似
ҿǱ

һòŲ̊˫ֶһӣƺһ罫Ʒ뿪
ӷ̨ϺŮӶ΢΢Ƿˡ
˾Ƕ΢΢һЦһǽʧˣһöռָС
˻ȻԽԽˡ
ռָɣ
һöָѣʲôرģ
˵ǸռĿռָ
Ѳɽָж

˾ǽ˵ı龡۵ףЦݴδֹͣٴηռָһѳС
Ȼǵؽ׼Ʒ
һҪĵ֣ȱһѽ
ҲҪõ

Щûκζڴߣܶ඼סˣǴɢޣһЩССŵĵӣؽ׼Ʒ˵Ȼһ
˾ǻһۣһؽ׼ƷļʮƷʯÿμӼ۲һڿʼģ
ʮһ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ҳʮ򣡡
˭Ҳҳʮ򣡡

һҵľ֮ǰѵؽ׼Ʒһɢʮˡ
˾Ƕ΢΢һЦϲλĵð䣬뿴ڶƷ
˾˵꣬һһѳС
Թԣһѵؽ׼ƷһҪĵ֣
ģѵҵģ˭ҲҪ
ΣҲҪѵ£

֮ǰĽһѵļʮƷʯÿμӼ۲һһʮƷʯˡ
ţ˾óʮУенǹꪣһЩֵıУȫǵؽ׼ƷǰѴĳʮƷʯĸ߼ۡ
ǵʮƷ˾΢ЦŴӿռָóһѵ˵Ϊ磬еʦƵģһ׼ױ
һٴαЩĴҲ뷨Ĵ˵͸Եŵӡ
ЩûмױУЩУֻЩΪſõĵӲʸӵС
絶ļ۰ʮƷʯÿμӼ۲Ʒʯڿʼģ
ʾ£ߵˡ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
һ򣡡

һʮ򣡡
Ȼ¥ϵİһϵЩɫʱѿε̾˿ҡҡͷ㲻ٲ뾺ģʱ
ļҳϵе߶֪ļȻǰԵޱȡ
һʮ򣡡
Ȼ¼Ҽˡ
һʮ򣡡
ҼҲ뵽С
һʮ򣡡
κҼҲ󣬺

ģһЩҲ뵽Уʼ
һٰʮ򣡡
ԼҼĴʹ㲻ٲ뾺ˣϾһ׼׵ĽĳһٰʮƷʯѾǵԤںܽܵķΧѾûбҪپˡ
һٰʮһΣһٰʮڶΣһٰʮΣɽ˾һ絶ԼУϲԼҼ
ԼҼĵ絶ˡ
ϲڼĵñԼҽһ
ϲϲ
ϲԼĵñ

λֻһ׼׵ĵѣֻСΪģλˣŽλҲĵڼɫ䣬ص
Щûһʵ⹧ϲԼģҪôǼʣҪôǷ˴Ǯֵá
֮䶼ǾϵǲŲԸ⿴Լľ׳
ʱ˾ַռָһеУһıУһŮУûһ˿Ťʹ˾Ӣʮ㡣
׼ױеļ۰ʮƷʯÿμӼ۲Ʒʯڿʼģ˾ǵ£еٴγ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
һ򣡡
һһʮ򣡡

֮ǰһͼҲʼ뾺ˣЩе߶Ϣˡ
һʮ򣡡׼ҼˣǸ֮ߣףЩ
һʮ򣡡Ѧҳϵһ۰׼Ұķһ˿Ц⣬嶼׼ҺѦҵľΪң˫֮ƺЩޡ
һʮ򣡡ļҳϵƺЩӹɵϡ
һʮ򣡡Ҽûļҳϣ뾺ġ
һʮ򣡡ļҳٴκۣƺĲеݡ
һʮ򣡡ԼҼϵļҳ棬һѻ뾺ġ

һʱ䣬ңļҪеߣƺôס
ռңҺҶ˾֮Уļҳֻҧ򣬲Žе¡
ʱѾΪĻеΪļҵӣȻʮǰļҿܻĿɨء
ϲļĵеǵһһƷ˾˵ͬʱóһѳ˽Ϊ׼ױļһƷʯÿμӼ۲Ʒʯڿʼģ
һٶʮ򣡡վȵ
һʮ򣡡Ҳ˲ʾ
һʮ򣡡

˾ۣƬ̱㽫ļߵƷʯ
ʮ򣡡ҼЩֹͣ˽мۣϾҺˮڵĹϵܲһ㣬ûĸԸȥҡ
ԣ｣ˣЩû˵ֻܸɵۡ
˾ǶվԶŮһͷԷߡʱһŮӶ
˾ǽҿ磬һռָ˵ҰУ˳һۣ濪ʼڶ龺ģ
˵ţַռָһУ˾ݺ䣬ڶƷһؽ׼Ʒ似Ϊն
ЩûʲôӦǳϵʮɢ޾Ͳһˣؽ׼Ʒ似˵ǿıÿ˶ڴ˾ǵıۡ
նļʮƷʯÿμӼ۲Ʒʯʼģ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

գնһɢһٶʮˣ֮ɢ˺ܶ˵ע⣬һ١
ڶһŮ϶Ʒ
˾ǴӿռָĥһУ˳һۣװһղժõĽݾŻǿϸһƣ
˵ţУֻһ糤棬һСȭͷСĺɫ䣬ÿһƬоŸɫԲ
ֻƺӳһЩ򵥵Ľƣֹݵʧֳǰ߻ǿŵŨŨҩ㡣
˻ǾŻ
ȻĽݣ
һҪŪ֣



356 ǿƾ
λŻòҶ˵˰ɣڼҩ˵õʵźܶ˶õϣλھ֮ʱҪϧʯ뾺ģˣŻļƷʯÿμӼ۲ǧƷʯʼģ
壡
򣡡
򣡡

쿴Żһ˿ɫҩĸ飬ŻãȻֲԼĿռָԺһдô
ʦ壬취Żĵ֣촫֣
ãûжʣȻӦ֪һʦҩ϶
ûмžģǻȽ׶ΣûʲôôȻĵ˾ˣʱٽмҲ١
ȻŻеʮƷʯʱ򣬲ֻʣ°ڽмˡ
ʱֿˣʮ򣡡
ֱӽʮƷʯЩǧһм۵Ŀࡣ
ʮһ򣡡׼Ҽʶɨһ֣һ˿ɻ󣬵
ʮ򣡡ѦҳϿˣؿһ֣ĿƵ׼ҵİ䷽Ƿ𵭵Цݡ
ɫȻɿڣʮ򣡡
£ûڽмˣһƷʯȻ࣬ٽм۾ǲˡ
ʮƷʯ˾Ż
ڶƷҲһҩ˾Ƕ΢΢һЦҿԿǷϵó
˾ǻУһöָڴɫʢУɢŨ
ǡԪޢ΢ԪޢҲݣ;ȴر㣬һЩ߽׵ҩõ
Ⱥ۷׷ףܶ˲ʶԪޢһЩҲⷽмң̼ϳ
ģǹԪޢ
ǹԪޢ;ҩ
פյ

˾ǿһߣѾϳǹԪޢݣΪܶ鵤ĸҩҲֱǿΪˣļ۲ߣֻʮƷʯÿμӼ۲һڿʼģ
˾ǵ£ֳ߿ʼ˼ҵľۡ
ʮ򣡡
ʮһ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

󣬰ĴˣҼʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡κҼҲھۣôõҩȻŹ
ʮ򣡡ԼҼҲ󣬰һҪԪޢĵ֣ԼǿΪ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

һʱ䣬Ԫޢ˴֮ľƷǳҡ
ʮ򣡡ռҼڵ͸һ˿ϣƺ
ʦ壬ʱ촫֣
ãͬ⣬켴۵ʮ򣡡
һڣ˵ע⣬һһļӼӵ򣬶ڴм֮󣬿ɼǷ
ʮ򣡡ٴĿһ֣һ˿м
ȴû˵Ȼصʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡ٴʶɨһ֣
мۣмۣѹֵʿһּʹΧ˷һۡ
ʮ򣡡ֵһЦ
ʮԪޢռҪˣ۾Ȼֵķӡ
ָû˾ǣʮ򣡡
ʱ˶ʼĬˣע֮ľۣǵλϵĽ
˶֪ռҼȴûʶ֣˵־һ͸ʵͷѡȻЩУֻһ֮ڵߡ
λѣռҪöԪޢϣ¸һЩ棡֣ʵ˼ȴǲΥ棬˼ռӡ
ûлͷΣص˼ҪԪޢܸˣ
ô˵ǲռˣһ˿ŭ⣬
ûʲôӲӵģҪԪޢκֵصƺûнĻС
Եֵʿ˴ĴָЦŵѹǷˣ
ֵһЦӡ
ߣռҺܾûӵˣȰһ䣬»ʶʱĺãһ˿ɡ
е˽Զ֮ġսĵȴֻ
ռңΣһû¹ֵص
󵨣ȵ
ŭȻ˼ҲԸᣬǾˣʱռҵʾǿ߿ˣ֣֪ѳԺźɣˣ
˵ţʶ˲ͷţƺҪ֣ʱ𣬵ռһ£Ȼǳ
˵ͬʱʩչԼġ˲䴫뵽ռҵİ䣬ֱӽ۴м
ϾʶʵޱȣʾڵҪǿ٣ԣһʶһЩСˣȴҲ塣
е֣벻ǿֳͷ̫ˡ
Щʾǿߣ𾪲ѣ˼ﵽλǿߡ
ո۵ʶԻֵֻ֣ʿƺǱպôһ磬˲佫ǵʶ
𣬵үȻ˷纮һǸĳСӽᵽˮŪģֵʿʷľǣֹ۾ʱʱڵİ䡣
ֵֿʿлԮ֣
ֵʿһ㶣ɻ˵ʲôƶɮƶɮ˵Ȼ״Ⱦ
˵꣬бӣȥ֡
ֵһЦֵ֪ʿĪ⣬ղԮֵ֣ʿԼ϶ˡ
Էװ֪Ҳǿ
֮ռ˵ķӦȴٴһ㡣վİ䷽ɫأֵ֪λڴˣˡĳ嶯ˣ£
ռĪҪ̫ſץŵӣԸǲҪ£ȻȮ콫Լʶ۵㣬˲䳯ռҵİͷųȥֱӽѪ
һסˣ𣬶Щ壬ǰҡ
üͷ΢˿֮ǰ˵ĻѵǸǿߵųˣռҵҪˡ
ׯҼҲأѾ֪ռץ˭ƺɱֶӵйأԴֻܸˡ
˵Ǵ壬Щˣǲ
ռ˲˵Ѿ֪Է˵ʲôȻ֮ǰ²дǴ˿֤ʵǲʶء
ǴʱŸô£ռҵȻֹһʾߣ˭֪Էĵж


357 ʿ
ν֪֪ˣս
ռԷڰǻ֪ԷʲôͷǶԷ϶Ƚ˽ռҡ
鷳ˣ
ǿҲẦ£򣬱ռǿеǣȴǺܶࡣ
ƣǽץ˷ˣԴ»СС»ޡ
»ûȥһһ
ҲȻһ£ǲ鷢ģĿ˲УǱ㲻ٳ֡
ΪеĹ֪еǸ˽һҪúöԴĿˡ
ǲҲǸ˵ݿɲһ㣬ǵܹܻҪǿ󼸷֣㡣
ģ˶Ĭˣ˾ָܵʾ㿪ڵλѳʮ򣬻û˾ۣ
ʱûٽмۣʮϢ֮˾ǱһԪޢС
ĵƷȫҩֱ֥֥Ѫݣÿһļ۶ʮƷʯ
뾺ۣҲˣȻܶȽϼɵǹƽûһ
ԣǰң
ܹƷʯҩС
Ʒֱӽϵյ㱬ˣҩྫ֥һ֣˲һǿ壬ٲ˵ٿԽͨ龳һ󾳽硣
ʱ򣬴Ҳ˵λؾۡļһƷʯĳྫ֥Ƭ̱㱻̧Ʒʯ
˵ķƺûнڽŵؽмۡ
һʮ򣡡
ٶʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ݽȽг߰ļ룬ˮǽг߰ʮһٽ̧ߵ˰
һǧ򣡡üͷ΢Ҳྫ֥һǧģƺЩ㡣
Ȼͬ˵׳꣬гĺ˵ĻͲ۸ߡ
۵һǧƷʯ󣬸˾𣬱ϾһǧһСĿ滹кܶƷ˵һЩѵõƷ϶
һǧʯĵ˳ྫ֥
ѿǸ㰡оʯɳһļǧ򻨻ֵʿһһز뾺ģ̾
ǺǣǵԸ⵱ŵĿ䣬ʯʲôƷź룬΢Цŵ
ֵʿȻһ£ֵ̫һˣǸ˵ļһæ˵˵棡ЦЦ
ֲݸֵʿȷʵ˼
ƷһƷǹûоĵԸЩȴǷ񾺼ۣ̺ңǻá
ǰҿ϶Ҹ̽а壬ԴӴ̵Ľһ̵֮ļɵ˼֡
գһİƷʯṉ̀ѡ
ԣڵЩһĴںľУһҪȫԸȡἸƷ
Ʒˣ˾Ǵӿռָóһö򣬿ųϵλߣλһȲˣǳ֪صʲôɣûȴǸǲµһһ似һ似
˻һȻĴסˣ似ζʲô
ǱδƷ
˾ǵĻÿһ߶˷ܣͬʱҲܺ¡
似϶вپ֣
ΣǾΪУҲܷŹ
λһƷΪ˫ΪĽмƷϰô˼ʱգض򣡡ʽ˾ǽ˵ľٶ˫ļǰ˰ƷʯÿμӼ۲ڶʮƷʯڿʼģ
˾Ǹһ˵꣬˺ˣȴûһ˵Ⱥ۽ԶĬϾ˰ƷʯЩСɢ˵һ޴Ŀ
ֻܿЩҸʵۣͬʱ첻ƽΪʲôǳԺյ֮С
Ű򣡡
Űʮ򣡡
Űʮ򣡡
Űʮ򣡡

ƷţƷţҺͻҶڽżҵؾţûĸΪƾֶЭ
һǧһʮ򣡡ռҼˣƺѾ֮ǰЩ£ƽʱŰԵ
һǧһٰʮ򣡡ҿˣǻһʾǿߡ
ʱ촫֣뾺ֻۣۣҪҪĻ񣬿˵
ڸԼ·ȻʲôöҲһʱֿºܶ࣬ԼȻвٵʯЩ»
һǧ򣡡ֻ˼
һʱĿ⣬вһֵĸ㡣
ֵʿ֣ɻص𣬵㲻Ļһǧȥôûɣ
ͷߣ׷似ֵʿУȻûգˡ
ְԿοһֵʿ̧̧۶ѣһҪ򣡡
ֵʿһ˿ת˸ͣͻȻ֣ѣ㾺۰ɣ֤Ⱥɵ
һ漴һϲ΢΢ףʾͬ⡣
ţֵʿļ黫ضյЧ
ʱ迪ˣһǧٶʮ򣡡
£ڵʾҲˣһǧʮ򣡡
ⳤϵĻ˵ֵ꣬ʿ㼱͵صүҳһǧİ򣡡
һסˣֵʿ˲˵Ľ㡣
кͻϾٰᣬϣ㲻ҪңڵʾϿˣвûһ˿ǿƣΪܹоֵʿǹ죬Լ̽ȥʶ·ţ뺣һ㡣
𣬵ԲӣƶȻμģô˵ɵأʿƲƲ죬
ڵĳɫһһ˿죬ʵдʯȻڴϷˣУ鷳ɾͲСˣ
ֵʿվڵİ䣬ڵûʯɣǺǣͶˣƶͨˮ֮Ǹ֣ʯȻڻ£
⻰һ˵ڵĳϳĬˣܶԷ˵ǷʵѾûйʵȨˡ
һҧŲţǱԽΪİݽȡ
һǧİٶʮ򣡡ݽȹû˿ɣڵ
ֵʿһһ˿֮ɫһǧ򣡡
ϵ߲ˣӵûôʯ
һǧٶʮ򣡡ݽȹû˿ɣȻ
һǧ򣡡ֵʿҲû룬ڵ
ݽȹһ˼һǧٶʮ򣡡
һǧ߰򣡡ֵʿܿ쾺ۣû˿ͣ١
ʱݽȹ˼˺ܾãҪ֪ǷҪֵֵۣãʮϢҧһǧ߰ٶʮ򣡡
ֵ֮ʿΣµֵʿһԥغһǧ˰򣡡


358 ּƤͼ
ǣϵֵʿȻһЦ𣬵ѼȻôϲ似ƶɮ㲻ᣬøˣ
˵ֱ꣬ӿϣЦţʱݽȹ֪Լˣˣɫѿ֮³һ໰ģӣ治Ǹװ׿Ҽʯ
Ҳعûбʿˣˡ
ϲݽٵý˾ǶŰݽȵİ΢΢һЦ漴һˣǵڰƷ
ҲڴڰƷʲôˣ˾΢һ٣񣬵ڰƷʮöؽƷԪ
һֿʼˡ
Ҷ֪ԪãҲЩ˻˵Ԫʹúо޴𺦣ʲôöǣҼסܵвʱûʲôȻΪҪԣԪĳЩʱ򣬻ľ֮
ʱ˶Ĭˣ׵ĺͲ׵ߣ˼⡣
ʱһֵֺ̽Ļ⣬˵ΪҪζߵ֮;߶ԶñԪ󣬻ߵĸ޴𺦣ĻˣΪصǳΪһȻЩʱֱӻв
ʹñԪܻܿǵɱ
ԣ׸ò÷ñԪ߲֪ѡ
Щ˻ѡãΪΪûʲôȻҪеԸɱҲñԪΪ˵һУˣǻ
ԣ˾ǵĻ󣬺ܶ˶˼֮С󣬴Ϊһ£һ£ɻΪһ̸
˾ǽ˵ı龡۵ף΢΢һЦܹʮöԪÿһöǵؽƷÿһöļʮƷʯܹΪξģһöļʮÿμӼ۲һ򣡡
ڿʼһξģ
˾ǵĻ£߿ʼ˼ҵľġ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ʮ򣡡׼Ҽ
ʮ򣡡ѦҳҲãĵ
ʮ򣡡Ҽȵʱ䣬һ
ʮ򣡡Ҽʤ־
ʮ򣡡ԼҼڼ
һٶʮ򣡡ʿˣһӽ˽ʮЩƿڴ
ʱ˰Ϣ˼ļ϶ԽԽܶ˶ڿŻҪҪۡ
һٶʮ򣡡ˮڵĳϿˣĻȻ䣬ǿǵʱЩ
ʱѾû˵ˣҵĿ뿴ʿֵʿЩ˼ŤصλҪôģƶɮЩ˼
ޣѾʼ¿ˮˣʿ᲻˼ȳǽ
㲻𣿡˾ǿֵʿЦŵ
ǵһƯŮӶԼЦֵʿðһ˹ӣһ£һƻڷء
𣬼ȻλѾˣƶɮͲˣʿعһӣ
⻰һ˱ֱӿڴˡ
ӣģǹģ
ķȥʲôң
찡ɣ

ˮڵĳϷ·һֻɫѿ֮Խֵʿʮ˴˸顣
ˮһٶʮƷʯõöԪܶ˶òֵ
濪ʼڶξģļʮÿμӼ۲򣡿ʼģ˾Ǵ
һ򣡡ֵʿȻվָ죬󺰵
ߣԱŲŲ
ˣֵʿסˣûлع
Ϣ֮󣬳ֵʿľ嶼˼Ρ
ЩȷʵҪԪֻӲͷƤӼˡ
һ򣡡̵ĳϿڵ
ʱϺܰû˲뾺ֵʿЩӺ˯·ʲôҲûһ
գöԪһˣܶѾֵʿˡ
ŮӶ˵ڰƷ˾ùռָ˼κ󣬲ŵƷл߻еĶһͻĵģ
˵ţָгһСϵƤͼһȱصͼǳϣ֪ʲô޵ƤɵģʲôطҲ֪ܻܿһõͼпܻرأ
ڿСƤʱɫ΢䣬벻ԼȻٴƤͼ
ѾǵƤͼˣǵϵƤͼغ춯һǼ
ԣ֣һҪĵ֡
Ҳֵʿһʱȴѵõ۾˾Ƥͼ˼ʲôյֵĴֻŶһ
쵹ûע⵽ֵʿ飬Ǳһȥˡ
ڸո˾óƤͼʱһﴫǿʶɨ˳еߵ飬ɲ죬ҺʶǿŻע⵽
ղйһ˿ȻԷע⵽ˡ
һͼǲȱǣ
𣿡
ܹϣ֪ûã
ǿ˵İɣ

˵˾ҲЩ㣬ĵͼǼͼǲȫȫ޷ϣ˵˸ûʲô
ȻһЩ˻ȽϿණʵʵãǶȥղء
ͼļΪʮƷʯÿμӼ۲ƷʯĿʼ
ʮ򣡡ֵʿٴȴûڲ뾺ģҵĿ뿴ֵʿһϷʵɣƺ˵ɣֵˣ
ȻʮϢû˾ģ˾֮󣬱һֵʿƤͼˣϵ˿ʼˣĴҲźţ̫ˣ
𣬵үҲн죡νںӱߣвʪЬ⻰Ǹһ˵ģôģװ˷ʮƷʯ
ֵʿ޿䣬ƺΪʣִѣˣ
ͲˣϷȫƶҪȺɵɵ˷ֵʿһ߽лһ߻
εҡҡͷ˵
λŴѾȲ֪ھƷˣչʾλע˾ָռָһϵ̳ͭУһޱȹϵ̣ȻЩȱȴΪأмΪǿ󷨷ӡţкôӡʲô޴ӵ֪
һĵ߸и̺֣ܲ´
ѣҲˣֵʿɻؿ֣
һ㶣ĪǵҲ˴
ֵʿûлرܣֱӵͷϡ
ֲ֪ǺãֵʿˣⲻȻϲǾˣĵƶ죬Σ
ֲ֪λشѯ֮󣬱õͬ⡣


359 һ
ãֿʿͷ
ˣлˣʿɫ
лҪ̵Ѿأ΢΢һЦ
ʱ˾ٴοڣͭļһƷʯÿμӼ۲ʮƷʯĿʼ
һһʮ򣡡
һٶʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡

һּҵľģȻҶ֪ʲôǴ˾ǵп֪ԲһͨƷ
ʮ򣡡Ҽȵ
ʮ򣡡Ҽ۵
ҵʾǿ߿ˣʮⶫһҪˣ
ִԲӣҲ˴ˮڵĳϿˣ΢Цſһۻҵĳϣپʮ򣡡
Ҳ˴ڵʾҲˡ
İ򣡡ֵʿ֮Цſһ۸䣬λƶɮ
ӣʲôҪһţҼѾ̲ס
ĶĳʿǵңμģҵҲʼƿڴˡ
һʱ䣬ʿƵ˼ϣһȴһԴû˵Ļϡ
İһʮ򣡡ڵĳɫѿ֮ҧ
򣡡ֵʿת⣡
˵֮󣬱㱧ͷ˯
㡭ڵʾϱ˵һ˦첲ӡ
һΣڶΣ򡭡Σɽ˾ǵĴˣԼ⣬Եõʮɡ
ǲҪֵʿɫʮѿŰ䷽򣬺޺޵ص¿ˣ
˵֮㿪ʼޱȵԩЩȴԽˬֻǿϧ̣ͭˡ
ЩʵǲǶһֵʿһĵ˲ٶӦô˲ʯ
˾ǶŽŮһ֣ŮŤŵˣһӣ˳㽫֮ǰߡ
˾ǽȥϵĽƣöССĿռָɫЩׯأһ۳ϵߣû֮ǰЦ⣬ޱȡ
Ҳ˾ǵ仯ֵͣϢˣþĵġ
λĵʮƷȽ⣬мĳЩ˼Ǵһ֮ģҲ֪ⶫǸǻǣκ˵һ
ԣҾĵʱҪãҲһҪģȻôԺ󲻹ܷʲô飬޹أ
ʱ˶ɻ󲻽⣬˾˵ġƺΪֲ֪ʲô
˾ʶһɨһһɳĴڵϣ̳һѣͬһСɽйϢľ
ʲô
һ˹죿
ʲôϣôû

ֵʿʱɫأƺʲôεҡҡͷվˣϰ
ֵʱһһ˿ɫ̾ǾڤѲĽأﵽ׷ʲôΪʲôǵˣ
һУǸʶ̽˵ǿߣɫ䣬ȻǾڤôһǴֱʰ׷ʲôĴڣķ֮ȻвдϢ
ڣңңݽȣˮں̵λʾĳɫ䣬Ѿ֪˴ڲǰǸǿȥǸطȻң̵Ľɥ
ڶ֪ʲôĹڤȻĺòϣľڤһ˫н
ѾϳûǾڤ˾߿ȻʥϣǣȴһħķӡأħѣŻ˼䣬ԣǻ뾺ߣضԴ
ʱ˶Ĭˣħ֣ͬ޴һ㣬ô˵ϡ
ڤ׭̹Ϊǿ󷨣ԭȽƵϢڣǽļ۶һǧƷʯȻڤļֵԶԶֹһǧƷʯ˵ϰڶ࣡
ÿμӼ۲һھĿʼ˾˵֮۾ųϵߣ˶ڳĬ
û˸ȥǸȥĵû㹻Ʒʯ
ȥˣĵģֻ˵ĺ
쵹ɫȻ֣¡
ȻյĻֱֵʿ˳
𣬵ȷҪ´ɲһ򵥵ĶԺд鷳ֵʿɫȻ֣
˼һ֮󣬻ǵͷ˵Ծһԣ
λѻǲһ㰡ܣţֵʿ̾һȻ˼֣ƶ㾺´ҪȰ߸ĳߣҪʱ򣬽ˣȻӣ
ַʱֵʿһǿߵɣء
ͷʾס˶ԷĻ
һǧһ򣡡ֵʿɫȻ
ʱ˽Ŀһֵʿϣģáֿʼˡ
µգΪֵʿһ仰ܿвٿžڤۺʼ뾺ġ
һǧ򣡡
һǧİ򣡡
һǧ򣡡
һǧ˰򣡡

ģڤļ۵һǧƷʯ̧ߵǧƷʯ
ǧ򣡡ֵʿٴʧˣǰƤЦģ
һĿ˲һǧƷʯ򣬹һƷúܾá
ЩҪ׬ȡǧƷʯҲǺɡ
Ⲣζûٲ뾺ˡ
ǧ򣡡ҵλʾĳϿڵ
ʱ˵Ŀһڵİ䣬Ȼֵֿʿȴֵʿмۡ
ǧ򣡡ˣȴֵʿģˮڵʾϡ
ݽȵĹ۲ѣмۣȴԵĳϺֹⶫòҪմȾҰݽά״ʵףǧҪЩĶ
ݽȹ˲ƽϢ飬·ɫСɽȴ˳֡
ǧ˰򣡡ڵʾϳӳϵĻǸֲħޣһȭȻĽػ޷롣
Դӻ󣬱ԸŽ䱸״̬˵ܻпֲǰ
ԣЩӣڵĵӸǡ
Ӷڤȴħ޿ֲ쳣ʹƴˣҲҪһΡ
һΣӦеǿڽѵģֻеһСֶѡ
ǧ򣡡ͻȻǸصǿ߾ˣ첻ɻˣԲ²˵ݡ
һڣֵʿƺٽмֱۣӺȵ
һ˲÷ǳûһһڵƷʯ·ʱ侲ֹˡ


360 ѹ֮
ãûٲ뾺ۣǸǿûбʾЩҲη
һڣһֲ֣ǼУҲһΪѹƷûгأ
λһƷʯû˸ߵģûˣ˾ǵĿȺشƬ֮󣬱һڵһΣһڵڶΣһڡΣɽڤǵˣ

ֺһһڵʯˣҲΣ˭ռָʯأ
ôһʥϣϺõıУʱϿҪһΣԼһѱ
ǣʥʦҰӦûУ
λϢһӣһӺ󣬱Ǵ˴εѹƷ˾΢΢һЦһۣҿ͸¶һ㣬ƷҲǷǳϣ׼㹻ʯȻ֮ӣ
һ˾ǵĻϲ׽ص㡣
ȥＯʯԽԽã
ȥѽʯ
֣ǺΣʱƽֱ

ϣҵǵʯļҵһǿ߿ߵˣ
Ǿͻȥã߽裡ļҳϵص

棬ȥＯһЩʯԱʱ֮裡Ҽߵʾڵ˵
ãҪץʱ䣡ＯһЩ۾·˯һ㡣
ǣһݣҼ˳˰䡣

ЩȫȥＯʯˡ
һѹƷȴеʡ
ʲôأ
似
ž
ֻ
˶ڲ²ţҲ˲µǵҩΪ쵤ʥ
촫ֵ֣ʿȥȡƷԼڰ۲ųϵı仯
ע༯Ǹصǿϣֻ֪Էǿȴܸһ̽飬Էˣÿһʶɨ䣬쵲˻ȥ
أʵǿԵĻʱ֮ΪУΣЩķǲɱġ
Ըֶ˲Ҫʲô飬ȻԷʵʾ֮ϣ컹а취ѵġ
ʵڲУ㽫ԼıãҲǹ峤ԼǸһԵķơ
Ӫңˣúúù滮һռǸѨóȻ룬⡣
ţǲӦһЩ֣˭Ծߡ
ϹĦ룬ֻȥ˾ƿѰˡȻ뵽һˡ
Ǳʿصӣ
ĵ첢ûж⣬ܽԼսϣһǿ
ӽƻ쳣ƣҪ²ôס
ң£ˣҲҪϴһΡ
Ѱ
ԲȥˣؿϣȴżѹϷ
ʱǴҴҶţһӵʱʵǶ֮ħЫɢ޶ڱԹûüնһЩʯĽֻһ

˴Ҵææصλÿ˷·˱ս״̬ޱȡ
˾ˣȴûȥͣ˶ڴ˾ǼܵƷ
һòǳŮ橶Ťϸ֫һƵ̷˾ǰϣȥˡ
˾ǻһ۳ˣһЦӶȥ̵ĽƣֻһȭͷСĻг˵Ұ
شУһöΪµĿռָУ⡣
΢ռָģ˾ٴλ˳ϵһۣʶ΢һƿϡ
λѹƷǼ鵤ҩ˾ǵı齥ΪߣȻ֪ҩҪԣ
ʱ䣬ҩԴ˵õĸƷ֮һ
õĵҩЩƷʵ鵤ҩֻڵ伮ж
֪ҩƷζʲôҲͬƷʵĵҩߵİкβͬ
˾ǵ΢΢һ٣еƿһΣƿҩȻƷײߣֻƷƷȴǳ󣬶˵棬һôҿɣ
˵ţšƿһöССķŰ׹ĵ裬Ȼƽ٣һʾ
˶ع۲öҩɻءȻûзȴǲͣš
һöʲôƷʣ
ƯƷʹȻһ㣡
ƺûʲôͬ

е߶öҩĲͬЩһЩͨ˵ȴǴʧɫ˫ֲȴоһ㣬۾
ƣ
ڣڵı﷢һڳϵ˵ϤǸʾĳϡ
ûȥ˭˵Ǳղŵֳ׸סˡ
ٴνĿƵССĵϣϸ̽ţޱȡ
ģǵƣôأ
ôƷʵĵҩ
񵤰
ʲôڲ֮ͬ𣿡
̺˴֮ĵҩԭˣ
ܼ֮˵ҩ޺

Щİٴа࣬ͬʱֽޱȡ
ʹʲôֶΣһҪõ֣ʸϵ˷ˡ
취ȫĵ֣ǻʮʯ
ΣҲҪЩҩ
ӾҪˣһҪŪ֣

˾ǵҩʱ򣬱㿪ʼעⳡ˵ıˣǰЩ
λصǿߣڿҩ֮ʱסз̰Ĺâ
ͣתָϵĿռָеĺɫһš
֪ᣬ̫ƽڽ֮һЩİڵɱпܷ
ֿ˾еĵҩһɻ󣬺ֻȻϡٵĵҩ򣬿ֻƳ
кĴƷʵĵҩҲᾭһ֮ࡣ
һ֮ǰڻдôʱ䣬Ȼйϵˡ
ֵʿЩȣֹ벻ôãȻõƷʵĵҩ򵥰ҵ취ŪһЩоһ£
һ΢΢ȣֵʿ˰ĸ֣еƵĵҩҲ㿴á
ѶⵤҩȤִ
ֶѾˣ󣡼Ȼˣ㲻ܷŹȻźֵʿɫ࣬Ҳⵤҩ˰ɣ
΢΢һЦҡҡͷûУ
ŶѶ֮ǰЩŹѵ˳ɫĵҩȴ𣿡ֵʿɻˣЩš
ûҪЩҩ鼫Ϊֿ
ŶѲͨ˰ֵҩҲɿǰļҾҵϣܾһЩֵҩ̺Ĵ֮شмİɴֵʿĳȰο֣
ĲЩЩ˼ٴε


361 ֲ
ֵʿһ˿ɫ̾̾ȻˣҲǿˣֻƶ뾺֮ʱϣʯԮºص黹
Ѷˣ΢΢һЦҪֵҩػôʯȥģԵһ˸㣬вֶ
ύֵʿʿĽύˣĦа
ŶѾȻ·ѵðѵãֵʿЩ𾪣ΪȻȴҲûʲô֮ͨͨôҲ벻ԷȻ˻Եʶˣ𣬵ѼȻ˽飬ƶǾͶлˣºλʶһ
һֵͷ
ֵʿǰȣˬӦ˹ϵܲһ㡣
λƿҩܹöҽֳʮÿһʮöʮöƷеƵĸļʮƷʯÿμӼ۲Ʒʯڿʼģ˾ǽöҩŻƿ֮У˼ƿ
Ļ£Ʒһ㣬š
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ÿһ߶ںܶصһֳһƬҡ
ʱ¥ϵİﴫƶСɢ޶ѹȥˡ
һ򣡡Ҽдһ˿ȺͰԵ
һ򣡡ļҳϿˣ˿á
ʱ׼ҼҲ뵽ˣһһʮ򣡡
һһʮ򣡡ѦҳϽ󣬴š
һٶʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡

һʱ䣬һ鵤ҩ˴רо֮Щ뾺Сɢޣ߲ѣҧҧҲ˾֮С
տʼԸϣǵǱˣû취һЩȻȣǼֱؤ
Ƭ֮ʮö̧Ʒʯ
һʮ򣡡ʾĳϿˣЩİ΢ЦŵλѣʮöҩΣĳصм
ִԲӣãҶӵдֵҩпϸһÿ߶£ԣ֣ԲˣʾɫȻҳʮ򣡡
һЩе߱㽻ͷӶ
һӾ˶ʮƷʯȻǴ
ɲҪ𣬿ûˣ
£ⲻǻһٰʮö𣿡

˵ֶãҪȡҵʾϵҳ֮𣬵ʮ򣡡
ҲŹǳʮ򣡡̵ʾϵ
Ұݽȳʮ򣡡ݽȹ
ˮڳٰʮˮڵʾҲãӣ쳹
ʱڵʾϿˣⵤҩҪˣ򣡡
£˳ĬˣѾеּ룬̧ĻֻԼһ֣ûȥۣҵ˼ڽһ鵤ҩϡ
ˣڻ˶ʮöȻȵҩʵʼֵףڵ˻һϲɫ
ǰֵҩǲʯģʯ׬ȡƷʵĵҩ󣬲ɴ˻
ľ鵤ҩҲǼҵľбˣֻһĳİʮۣİ鲢ûгٰʮ
ĵ飬ˮһ飬ݽһ飬飬һ飬һ飬һ飬Ǹصǿһ顣
һ飬ǱҼȥˣ
Щ˷ܲѵʱ˾ǽĶǼѪ
λöĹѶôʲôأĿԴ˵óһƿеһöɫĵ裬ĵơ
ʲôУ
ˣ
ʲôˣ㿴ϸⲻǸ
ģǡѪ

ֳٴν߷壬·Хһ㡣
ҲöҩֻѪһöȵؽ鵤˾΢΢һЦЩҩǲɸЩרΪеСɢ׼ģ
ʲôô
УҪһͬʣ
ΪʲôǾģ

˾ǵĻһЩͲԸˣǳ
ʱһΪֲ֪Ӻδ˲Щʵƿԡ
ྲǻ£Ķֵָָ㣡ЩҩǼóĵģǶûв뵽УǱˣЩȥǳϵʮɢ޸ô죿
öѪǰҪģȨҲϣһΣ
˵֮˸оǹɿֲϢʧˣ˵ĻţЩʾǿߡ
еߣȴǼѣжԻкимüˡ
λ˾ǻеƿӣöƷѪΪʮһʮö˻ظģ
˾֣˾ǵĻȻЩȴ飬ٿøлõҩ
һʮöƷƵѪļ۶ʮƷʯÿμӼ۲һƷʯĿʼ
˾ǵĻ£ҵľۿʼˡ
ʮһ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

һżҵľ֮ʮöѪһСһٶʮƷʯˡ
ľ鵤ҩҲڼҵľ£˹
ÿһ󾺼ۣûһƷʯ
ѪܾۣҪ֮ǰĸټƷʯ
֪ĴܲܣλҿģǵĵҩУźģ˾ǵĻЩôɱЩѪĴһ󼤶
ʵղŵʽ޹أԼľϾҪΪ˴ȣȻЩСʧź
˾óһƿ˵ʮöղһƷʵѪ˶Բ뾺ģļһƷʯÿμӼ۲ʮƷʯڿʼģ
˲䣬ٴν˽żҵľ֮С
գʮöѪ԰˰Ʒʯˡ
һѪͬʮöͬľۣ󱻰ݽԾŰƷʯˡ
ǣ⻹û꣬˷ǣһһĸѪˣҶˣоһ㡣
ôôĵҩ
ô£
ģҪˣ
һ£ʹ㾢ģô󾢸

ֵʿɵˣ簡ʵʵ
ɻ󲻽⣬㻹ðɣ
ֵʿعĻãֻǣѵֵҩôϵİײһ࣬үǿЦ𣿡
ѣƽľ͵ˣֲݸ


362 
ƨɣҲûô󷽣ûֵʿƲƲ죬켴һ㶣֣תѣƺЩ
ޣŲأ˵ѣôֿʼˣɲãֶʱԸˣ۵
ƶɮ˼ƶɮǡô˵أѣǲ֪ʲôֵʿָ
΢΢һЦԻ˵˵
ֵʿһۣƲƲ죬ֹװأ

˾ǽеĸҩȥδϣ֮УóһСƿӣ£λƿװʮöҩ
Ļ£е˿ʼˡ
ôʮö
ô٣Ҫʲôðɣ
ˣʮöҩûֿ

˶ɻ󲻽⣬׷׿˾ǣȴŶԷǽ͡
˾Ȼ˵΢΢һЦλJҩǱƷѹƷеѹ֮
һͷˮѹеѹᣬѲⵤҩЩ⣿
λҿԸǣƿҩ֣˾ǵһЦΪ鵤
鵤ʲô
û˵ʲô⣿
ֵֹģʲôã

ʲô鵤Ϲŵҩֵʿһˡ
˲ĬסϹŵҩǿǳĴڣ
ֵʿΪҩľ棬ǶڵҩԴ治ѣϾϹŵҩȻһޡ
ѲһЩϹ
ֵʿɻأס֣ȴֶԷƽ糣
ʱ˾ǿһֵʿȻŵλԲ飬Ϲŵҩ鵤
Ҳ֪鵤ʲôĵҩ͸ǣ
鵤һֱֿΪĵҩⵤҩһö鵤ʹһ龳߼ʱһС磡
ʲô
˼ɵˣһöҩʹϮһС磿
ļٵģ
ʱ·ͱ˵һ㣬ڲֹЩˡ
һ龳ζʲôжôǿ
˾ǿֳ龰ȻϲλĻãһһֻܷðööûЧ
пʼ˷ˣһ˵鵤Դһ龳ĸ
񵤰
һҪĵ
Բøˣ
ƴҲҪõ֣

Щĸ߲ѾˣĽʼˣ
λƿеʮö鵤ɲһ鵤ǴеƵ鵤ֵּ˾΢΢һЦ
˳ĬˣѾ벻ʲôֵҩҲ֪α¶Ǵʱ顣
һƿ鵤ļ۰ǧƷʯÿμӼ۲Ʒʯʼ
˾ǵĻ£һɿֲ֮ϢͻȻ٣һӰ˲̨ϣһƻ˾ǣȻƿͿռָڷȥ
󵨣£°ɣ
һټϿճһ޴ӡץȥ
еѾסˣһ񣬶ǰǿɫ䣬𾪡
Ȼ˸кͻеǴδй顣
ҲǾ֣ӰûпԷΪʾжΣȰǸصǿ߻
ңڴϣоһϤϢƺɱ֯ɱƵϢ
Īɱֹǿߣ
ɫˣ޵ɱ֣ô߾鷳ˣͬʱԼ鷳ˡ
ϣеĸ־ʹնɱ˴˰ɣ

Ǻ¸оһǿޱȵϢѹ£кȻһѺɫĳȫɱ¾֮˲ͷţһɶ೤İɫӰնֻ֡

뽣ӰײֲɢܣһЩܣ˲䱻ײɡ
ʱһɸΪֲϢˣǹɾҲУ˲䱻ոճֵľǿϢɢʧӰ١
ǵɫӰȴһֻ޴ӡסƺѡ
ССϣеƷɱһޱȵһֻ֮ǰҪֲӡˣֲֿƣֱѹóϵЩ߹ЩƺѾ˲Сˡ
˵עȫڿֲսϡ
ΣΣںڰеˣηκΣǵӰڿˣͳԲϣеĺڽͷųһһɵĽֻѹľնȥ
ߣһȺ˵󱲣֪ߵغǹԶأһϤֻֻʧ˸ΪֲĻɫצ·ȼŻ档
ֲֻľצǵӰˣҲ룬Ѹųڱȥ
ֻǣֻצҪ౶ɲǼ㽫ץС

һֲĲҽǵӰ˲䱻飬һ˿Ѫζû£һöռָڵϡ
˻ûعֻһ̬ϵ߳ڳϣռָʶһɨһöռָȡ˳
ߵ˵˾ǰһ͵ԷڣȻݳһöҩȥˣ
˾վ΢΢
˵꣬뿪
Ӧеĸ֣ߵ̨ϣóƿ鵤һ³ϵߣĳЩػĵˣòҪץ𣡡
˵֮ɫŻ࣬Щ˵ߵλҶƬ̣лԲģҼ£
ڿʼɣ
˵Ļ˲ȴ˸ղŵĿֲսޱȵĸǣеƿҵؾۡ
ǧ򣡡
ǧİ򣡡
ǧ壡

ڵʾסˣֱվߵ䳨ǰǧ߰򣡡
һڣݽȵĳҲˣڣ
һһǧ򣡡ˮڵĳɫأ
һǧ򣡡ҵʾҲ˯󺰵һӽǧ
£ҵľڰһǧһӴԴ׳Ｏ
ʱҵʾϿˣһڰǧ򣡡
˻
˵һһӳǧƷʯļ룬ЩӦ
ڣڵʾٴοˡ
ʱûˣڵƷʯһСɴ
ǧ򣡡ãݽȵĳϲſʼۡ
ʱҵĳϴҳϣ֣Ǻ鵤ĵʱƽ֣㿴Σ
ҵĳһ㶣漴ͷ˼һ£ã
ڣҵĳ΢΢һЦ
ʲôڣ
ϵĿɿڵȣЩȫʯˡ
ڣһֲĿЩΪһЩҩϧѪˡ
ֻǣܶ˶룬ôʯ𣿼Уд


363 
Щҳϵľ۸סˣǴѪ
ʱһֲ𣬵ڣ
϶ʱþĵģû˵ֻٵĴ
˵ĿڻҼҵİᴦĻңȻУһҪǿܶࡣ
ڣѾһ޷ԽĿˣƣʮö鵤ȥӦǻҵˡ
ȻҵĳϽмۺ󣬱Ҳû˺ˡ
ڣѾǵΧǽˣҲԴӻ鵤
գʮö鵤۸ˣ˴㳹׽ˡ
ֱʱ˲ŴӸղŵ𺳳лع
˵˽⵽ĵ̣ǻ뵽ġ
Ҳû뵽ʮö鵤ĳ𺳵ļ۸
ӵֻǾڤʸĵƷʯϣ鵤ֵһڡ
ȻǾֻһƷʯ鵤ļֵһڡ
鵤ֵƷʯ
ƷʯȻˣԼԵõǧ
ûм뿪ֶ뿪ĵ̨һƧ֮ٴݣȻ뿪
߳󣬴ʱѾʱʱˣϵƻͨȻûаյ˶࣬ȴҲֺܶࡣ
оһûעԼ߸Լ찵̾һʱ˲١
ҵʱһ޵ʶǻԼϣ˲侯üͷ
ⲻһ߿ģʶʵǿ˾Ǹ֣ʾ
첻ɻˣ⵽˭
˲뵽˼ˣһռҵʾϣһǸصʾǿߡ
ǸռҵʾϣΪʶ֮ĳڣʶӦûôǿ󣬲Ǹʾߣ鷳ɾʹˣ˾һ֣Ϲǿ̫ࡣ
ƽ򶨵̬·ʲôûо쵽һ㣬ֵȺȥ
ûпֶˣҲǻͿ;ȥˡ
뷽跨ѶԷע⡣
ԣȺУʱʱҹĳȻϢҴܡ
ʱûаѶԷ׷٣ɫء
ߵһƧĵط֮ʱһɫӰסȥ·
ôã˰ɣһĮ˿дʶ֮ʶһ
֪ѾûбҪȥˣͣ˽ŲǰĻˡ
һˣƺ֮Ϊȴҿ϶ԷϢ֮ǿԶ֮ǿ֮ϡ
Ϊǣ˲֪ϰʲô˷·Ǵ֮УԵ塣
ô˵ƺ㣡˵òϣݷǷйλʵ̬ҼΪֵˣ治֪һأһ㣬ùפյ
ɱտڲԣ˼ôĿֲǿ֮֡
һˣһֲţ˰̾һҶΪȤ㽲һһ·
üͷ΢չ΢̣¶ЦݣȴûлصԷ⡣
˲ƽĮϣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ٴϸϸش켸ۣ㼸⣬ϣشң
еϣΣ첻漴Ҳ˼˼ʣҲһҪش𣡡
Ȥˣȷһ㣡΢΢һЦһ˿ɫˣ
ɫû䣬üë΢һ£һ˼ʮߣ
˻˵һһ˿ɫ˲䣬֮󣬲ŻָȻŰ벻֮ԼˣʵǴң
ɫùŹܸоϵɱˣоȻЩ
ˣʲô֣˵Ժһ˿ȻԼ򶨣ȴƷĵ
죡˼󣬱֪Էʲô˼ϴʤⳡսۣûбҪѪȥȾֲδ֪
졭ø찡Ϸ֪ڵʵΪ˵̾һ૵
ݵؿǰʱпܱĻɽص۾һ
˲˵ˣǰ˵ôһʱ仹޷ͨΪʲô˵ĸоһɽһ㡣
˼Ƭ̣ص죬ԸΪʦ
ɫ˲䣬龪죬켴üͷ΢صѾʦˣ
һ㶣Ҳԣţôܲûиأ֪ʦһλ˵ǻЩ飡
˿꣬ܶû˷֣ԣԷһһʦΪԼߵģһֶֻ
ԣԷʦӦԼͬĴڣΪҲͬһȼ
˲ɫ䣬ӦΪһ־ȣű˲м
˵ʱɫ΢˼ˡ
ԴӵУȫԿԷʦʵӦԼ֮ϡ
겢ǳ
²ţĿƵϣ侲Ŀµ¶ִݣЩʧһһꡣ
֪ɷʦʶ˿죬΢Цŵ
ҡҡͷ㻹ʸ񣡡
һ켴һЦ»֪Ϊɣ֪ҵΪҲ㲻ô˵
ɫ糣صֶκܺáһǿԿһЩʾڣ
һΧĿ˲ɫڱˣǰ꣬Ҳ֮ǰôɡ
㾹ȻԿ͸ҵΪôܣ˵ЩƺЩ壬ͬʱЩ塣
ûʲôС쵭ص
϶ʱĬ˿ʼտˣʵҲҿ϶˵ΪֻƾŸоµģıˡ
֮쿴ˣҿ˰ɣ
û˵ʮϢʱ֮ʱڵ죬ɷȥݷһʦ𣿡
˵㻹񣡡쵭ص
Ҵҵȥݷãɫ΢
΢΢һ֪ͣһ
𹬣˰Ȼص
ʱɫ˲ˣˣϽɱɢԽԽŨܰɵķΧ
۾һѽη壬Ʋɵһѵصơ


364 еǰ
Ҳ˲䱻ɢϢסˣ켴ɻ죬죬г𣿡
ǺǣǰɣȻЦˣЦȴޱȵĹ죬ңʱпܱԷնɱ
Ŷ޴ʲôޣ˵пᣡ˲ûһɻ󣬶ǰţǼɵ
Ħ룡³֣ӥһ㣬˵۾
˳Ĭˣɫֱ䣬ָ֮ǰ֮ʱ̬ʱѾûʲô֮ģûҪݷöԷʦ뷨
֮ſʼ˵ˣĮ𣬵Ħĵӣ
ͷܶʱӦӦڲأһܴˣ첢ڴ״̬ԣԿֲĵ֮ʱ˵Լݡ
ôȥˣĦȻİ
ģߣĦ빶ӲдΪıЩȥȱˡޱȡ
ߣҪĸãҪпУȱ˸ݣ̰꣬𹬵ֶȻɣ£˭᲻̰֮ģһ
û˵ѪκﶼѾԵò԰Ψõ˵ѪȵķͷſøЩսӢ鰲Ϣ
ô˵ˣĬˣ˸оĳĬ
ûУֻ룬οԴ𹬣Ħ治꣡ɱ糱罣һ㡣
˺ȻЦˣ죬죬ǸţϷ򰮲ţŻ֮ǰĽ̸㻹
û˵ֻɱ⣬˿̣ΧǧɵķΧɱ֣һ澳߿ɱѹ
˵ͣ٣ŵ㻹֪ﲻ𣿡
ɳĬţؿˡ
δ˵ţǣ̫Լˣн츳кܴĿܸ𹬣ѾҵҰУôδֻһ·ڵ㣡˵ЦţЦ˺ܲ
һ仰Ҳ˵ֻڲϵɱ⣬ǿĺӣȴڻ֮УӢۣκ˵طգ
˵꣬ԼЦݣϵƽͷųȻɱѹȥɱ
ɱ·һ㣬ɢ־ۣ޷ȫɢ˲üͷ
оˣǰɱľģѾ޷
죬ѵ˿죬ص
Ȼ£Ҫôܻڣ
˳ĬˣǰоǰδеΣʵ̫ˡһŲһľȻԼֶ֮ʱֵ򶨡
Ǹӿֲֿƣʾڵ߹ݡ
ȴһѽһֱͦ·Լѹûһô
Ȼ㲻վţ˲óǹ֪ԼǶԷĵ֣ǣζԼʮ
ҪһԻߵԼս⡣
˼óһ˿ɫ˼ˣܺϷĨɱδпܳƵ۵Űɣ
˵꣬ӳһɴĳɫӡѹ£·һƬȼյĻ𺣣ֲޱȡ
ʱ쳣Уǹ߾٣ȫ˲ۣѹµľ֣ȫ
䡭
·ը죬صɫ˲ûϽɫǹӰ챻ǿֲȷ˳ȥ˰֮Զ͸˼ǽ
ǿĹ֮£Χ֮ڵķݣ٣ЩûüѵϡӰѹ£ʬȫޡ
һֲĹȻǾˣЩʾĸ֣ȫʶ۽̽龰
ܶѾﱼһЩʵ΢ߣԶԶܿѾǿԴĵطˡ
̼䣬˷棬ĸĺļ䡣
ǳķ棬ɫء
һʾڵߣԼǿһҲˣ֮ߣӦǻҷŶԡ
ǣоһϤϢǻϢûбɱһԵøǿ
֮˸оԶѾۼǿߣʮλʾĸ֣ȴûһ˿⡣
Щʾߣûĸоֲ
ԣעǳ֮ǹɲԽԽǿҡ
䡭
﷢һҵһӰ˲ڿգѪ˫ָ߾ٺǹ˲ɱ
˵ȷֲֲǱˣҲСˡѾʹ
ڵԺֻһ뷨ǽɱԷܲܣˡ
ԣһ֣ȫһ
Ӱ֣ʮ֮ߣѪ·Ϯ
񣡡
ǹʮӰɱȥ
Ȥ򵥰
Ȼһ˿ɫֻӳûһֻɴĳɫӰȻ¡
䡭
һ죬˲һٶɵľ޴ӣ񱩵ţ
ʱϢƺʧˣ˲΢΢̾һ
ԶЩǿߣȴ۷׷ס
˭ôǿѵǸǿߣ
겻һ㰡ƺֻ龳ߣ
ôǿ߳ˣƻ²ðɣ
ҵִأôȥ棿

ţüͷ΢ϵ˲䣬ڿʮɣŵԼĽЩ˼顣
ȿȡδﴫһ֮һĲ𽥱ǿˡ
ȻǸɫѿ֮ϵɱȻ૵ǲȥ㣬ɰģ
ЩΧԶˣȴûֹͣؽ̸š
Ȼû漣
ģ˵ǲ龳߰
죡ʵڹ죡

ɢȥ䶨ͦھ޿УǱޱȣǵѪѾϣȾһƬ
Ѿָ˱òȻˣȴ
˿ıĿһ㶣漴ȻҲû˵
ԶΧȴʣɱϯ
ৡ
Ӱڿն𣬶һ֣켴죬絶һ㣬·Ҫ̴
죿һ߿죬
ȿȡٴοȳһѪһߣ˭
ׯ٣ɫ𺣬죬ɱׯٳɵģ
ׯ٣ׯңΪŰߣȻҲɱׯٳɣɱһǿׯҵӣ


365 Ϲ
ʲô㻹ɱׯ֮ˣ߱һ仰˵ˣصɱ˭
΢ʩչʶɴɱһ֮ׯҵӣɱ֯Ľɱ֣רŸɱǵߣ
һ˴󾪣Ƿˡ
ʲôɱ֯Ȼׯҵˣ
Ѳׯɱ֯᣿
˵ôôǰʧˣԭָʹ

Щĸ߲㶼ĬˣǼңɫʮѿׯҵķɱ
һڿյռҳϣɫ䣬ת˼£˻ȥ¶һ˿΢Ц
СӣѪˣɫ䣬ϵƶ䣬һ˼СӣϷһ̣
˺ɣŻеĸӦ֪Լ飬õ˰ɡ
˿»ᱻ𹬵ʾɱûһɱôмİѡ
ԣǰׯҵˣ˿ûзϣֻǶ㿪Էķâͬʱôɱڣ
һЩĴ嶼ɫ䣬ֻһ㻳ɣ˿ȴĻ
𹬵ĸִʱûҪֵĳ嶯Դʱȥɱ죬ԵЩǿȻôǿĵˣԼûбҪˡ
ԽԽˣһ龳ߣȴʾ߶ţһܵԼǿҹ֮
ȻһҲüͷǱǰ˵Ʒɱ֯ᣬǱ𹬵עˡ
һֱ䣬ɵĴɱ֯һŶӰĺг
ɱ֯ᣬɱߣôпǿʼͼı쵼Ȩıòؿ⡣
ĻȻ˺ܶӦԻңҺҵȼΪǿҡ
ֻһʾĳϽż㣬˲Ͱм䣬ס˰ߵĹɫȻŰߣׯͷҾڼһ˵
΢ռҵߣ֣ƿС˵˵Ҳţ
ҵ߽ضŰߣʱ侭飬ҳȥĵӣвδ飬ҾͲòˣ
ѵ㻹ׯң΢ص
ⲻǲţس̶Ѿ漰ǸİΣˣǱضԴȻȻʱѾ¶ˡ
ߣҲܣɱҶȻҪȥϣֲҪңɱڡ
ʱһׯʾڵ߶ˣ˲죬һ־ɱС
䡭
ӦΣգ˲ʩչռ⾳㿪ͻȻֵΣֻһɱҵԭȴĵطơ
ΣͻȻ֮ʱԶĴҲǷ
ׯұøһˣһӰסǵͻȻϮӰеɱһţɫ
ͣͣɱׯҵӣΪ䱨𣬻˽ͲɣһߴˣȻׯҵһλʾ֡
ʱȺһӰׯҵʾǿԣżҵʾֵ֣ҼڴУ˵Ҹòñѩޣ
ҵʾ΢Ĺâ罣һ㣬ƺԴ͸һ˼ռҵʾ֣뱨𣬵ȴ˼ԺҲ٣ڲУǻкܶҪ
ڴƻƣҲţׯҵʾص
ߣţ²ôƽ͵վǰˣҵʾǿһׯ˾ٶϷмֻˣ
ߣ£ɱܲԼʾַȻ
ʾǿɫ䣬ϵƶ䣬˲ƶӭׯҵʾǿߡ
Զǿ߶Ѿ˼뷨˵֮ҲѾ˼֡
ռҵʾׯֵ߳˲䣬ԼҲѾˣĪӰ죬Ҫ˲ɱ
ʱɫõ˼öҩûȥעļǽעͶ𹬵ǿϡ
䡭
һ죬ռҵʾɫ䣬󵹷ʮɣǱһֵؿ졣
ʱֻһɫӰǰòһԼɱȻ
ô󵨵ռң͵ϮĦĵӣʵǸϹĳ֣켴⣬Ҳ˷ܣǰϹһ
𹬵ǿߣʱ⣬ô˵۾ɱĦˣȻǶαʷڴ˱˽ҿǵ
ԶЩһĦ룬ɫٱ䣬鶼С
ʱһӰѾڷϿյսϣǻȫׯҺռҵˡ
һ߿ϹɫȻλγƺ
Ϲ𣡡ϹƳǰʾһۣص
ŶĪĦɫ΢䣬
Ϲͷ
һЩǿ㿪ʼ˽ˡ
ŵѼǰҵȽΪţ벻ȴǶﴫռҵƽɱҼĵӣ˳ˣ˵ŵӣȴܲϣѲҪ
ߣҿɱڰɣϹߣϵɱεͷųҿռҲйϵɣ
ѪˣϷĦ֮ǰϣӣֻҪӣ㲻ΪǣһתҲɱǲˣˣҲϷ˷ѿˣϷԵѵֶΰɣ
Ϲһɣ˳ϵһۣ켴ĿͣϣЦҪôαˣְɣ
ϵƶ֮ʵչ¶š
ʲô֮⣬֮˵עȫͣ⼴ս֮ϡ
˲һһϹѹȥͬһֲֻޡ
һ
һֻɴľ˲ϹɱȻһֱʮɵĹ
ϹɫȻǺתϵͬӼϯȥһ̽һֱǰ˳ɹ
̫Ԫأ
һֻ͸ɵľ˲ƾճ֣ӭߵӡ
䡭
񱩵ײ˲䱬ɢӿܡ
㿪
벻˿ֲ
ҺˣڲҪ룡

ʾǿߵײı˲ϯΧɵķΧٴα˼ЩԶΧߣܵ˿ֲɱѸ˿ǿߺ֣óһ磬ڱƻ


366 ֮
ʮʾǿߣԶ֮ڣЩֻǽʮɶѣӰ첻ǹۿҵս
ÿһʾǿߵעǳУʾǿ֮ѷսΪߣսģͨ˵սΪ
ϹߵһײѾԸԵʵһʶϹֻ˺һɣǱһʮɣ˶ڿ񱩵֮С
ʾµߣ޷屻ŵˣֻʶʾ֮ϵǿߣſԿ˵ս
û뵽Ϲôǿ
ľ磬Ӧ϶޼ɣ
ս̫ǿˣҪ࣡
ĪĦҪ˲ɣ

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ЩսǿУм˴֪˵ʲôǿǹƺһķ籩
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367 ң
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˵˳ȥɫޱȣϹˤڰɿķУһ𾪵ؿ졣
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369 
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һһҲ˻ɫӰԡ
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˾֣ûɣղǡʿɫأЩ٣۾һգգض
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⡭ôܣǿǴ˵еĴڣȴǰĪΣʿ
˾ƿҲ΢΢̾һҲΣôˣٴοܾЩʵ
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˾ƿҡҡͷ֪ûдﵽ־磬Զ֪жôǿ󣡡


370 ɱ
һ٣еĳ֮ɫһţĿͣԶǵϽɫӰϣһһ꣬˭ҲԤǰ;
˾֣۹ãȻôõӣСĽʿ̾
˾ƿû˵Ҳ˵ĻҲԼȷʵðɣ
ͻȻüͷһ壬һĿ罣һ㣬
ֻһǧɶ೤Ѫɫ޽ƾճ֣ն˲Ϣ󱳡
Ȼˣֻħ֮ƺܡ
ֻȻתֲޱȵһȭǾ޴ĽӰ
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һ죬·һ㣬쳹졣
һʯͷ˵棬ѪɫĽӰֻǰ˼֣ȥȴûмٶ
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һУҪôͻȻЩΧ۵ʾߣ𾪲ѡ
жǿ֪ģǶԷ׽֮ɣصףɼͻȻֵжôֲ
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Ī𹬵Ĺ
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һˣֻһ㱻ֵʿסֻʿصļţ
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ǹɱ⣬ȴΧǧڵߣľ
Ϲͣ˽ŲŵƽϢȴûһ˿ɣضԶս
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ĦȻǻеѣǲ˼飡
ǰĦ룬ʸеѣ񣬼ĿʵǿߣҲԳΪеѡ
ЩĽѣΪʲôԼĦ롣
ռҵһڷԶɫǴʱѾվ˷ϲĻ˱ɱ֯죬ŷɥɱʡ
ɱʵ죬ǵ˻УôǿҲл˵ж
οռҺׯĳԹԻˡ
ԣɱ֯ʱȴǻ̻̲Ѿ͵͵ǱȺ֮С
ϵѶǣҲ԰ѡ
˵עսϵϡ
һ֮սˣɱʵɣһëȻĸо
սߣ㻹ΪϷĶ֣͵ϮСӣϷ㣡˾ƿհ죬ɱʷϡ
ȷʵɱֻһڵߣֻͨͬǿһ㣬˾ƿվͲһˣͬеĶǿߣҲǽǿĴڡ
ο˾ƿձȶԷĸС磬ʵĲױֳˡ
ɱһ΢һӣʾ꣬ҲԽܱ˰ӡ
ϵɱ⽥ʵеĺɫزţ·һŤĶһ㡣
Ҹоɱɱ֯ЩΪǶһֻ۱һֻۣǽ죬ǵͷˣװɣ


371 ֮
˾ƿհŵ۾˲ϵƶȻͷų·һɽѹɱʵϣʹ˵棬΢΢
ɱʵ˲˷·һȾѪѪ֮ΧǧɵĿռ䡣
ʩչȫֱеĺɫ۳һǧɳĽ˾ƿմȥ

˾ƿɫ䣬Ƴջûһǧɾ޴ɫӰϮĽ¡
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һУѾ˵Ĳ࣬ɱʶ߳亹
ݺǧ꣬һôֲĸ֡ΣǶ֣Ϊɱ֣Ȼѵߵ죬ˣǾͿϧˡ
ǲУҲҪöԷù
һ룬ɱϵһ֣ѹľ޴ӡеĳȫ
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ѪɫĽһ㣬ɫľ֮ϣһ¡¡𣬽˲䱻ûɫӡѸѹ£ɱʱ޿ɱܣʩչȫһ
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˾ƿûЩˣһϵһöռָץУҲûֱȻתڵķȥ

Ϲɫ֮ϵɱεͷųֻең飬Ѿ޷ƽľˡ
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ռҳ϶پǸʾڵˣԸڵߡͬʱһԶȥ
Ϲһ׷˹ȥ
һʱ䣬ϵĴսֿʼˣҹս֮С
ɱҽ˷ѪȾĵطһʱ䣬ɱ¾Ĵʡ

˾ƿüͷСô
ֵʿһЦ𣬵ԲСȷʵȻôô̬أ
˾ƿһϣ룬Ȼ鷳ʹˣ
ңһ˿ɫ˹Դ٣ϵսȴδɢǾ֮Űֻϧ
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˾ƿҡҡͷֵʿѶ޷ҽΣΪˣ
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Ϊ֮ƣֻҵ֥ޱԴָʵֵʿɫȻ
֥˾ƿһĬ֥Ȼֻ֪ⶫΪϡ٣Ҫҵ߽ҩڵ졣
ԸС˵Ϲŵ޸Դ˾ƿտƽȵ죬̾
仰ֺǳһ˿ϣ˾ƿ˵а취


372 ޶
ȻУƽϣʿ˵ҹǣˣ
˳ĬԶ˾ƿշ죬ֱң᳤Ǳ飬Żбȥ

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˾ƿ΢΢ͷȥϢƬ̰ɣ

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Ȼǿգǰǳ貵ĹâʱʱʯеֻȭͷСеȴһǳ
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찵ԼǧҪǾŲ֮;ŲʹƮȥ
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ɻ󲻽⣬ڵϣʼ˼ҪҪСۣ˰ȥ
֮ԾСۣˮһ

СѸ뿪Զʻȥ쾪ȵǣֻǻ˵һС۱ʻˣٶ졣
ɫĲʱȴСۻ᲻ᱻƷ뺣ס


373 ͷǰ
ȻˣСƽޱȣʻľˣԶƿ
ˣʻСۣƯƬϡȻȥ԰ޱ޼ʵĽɫ󣬵ûб˰˵
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֪˶ãɼʻСںƯңԶı˰ɿңʱỳԼûߴ
𴬽ڽɫĺһСۺȻӿٶȣǰĺ·γһרŵĹӿĺϣһ㼱١
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381 Ѫ
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ǸϿ뿪˵أղŵĶ̫ˣƺܿҪиˣǾ鷳ˣҪ֪ǿв٣Ϊǿ߲٣ÿһһߣǿС£ѱܻ
ѾһûԵ磬û˻˼֮ͬ飬ֻȵĳһضʱ̣ԶС磬ԶҲҪٻ
˵Ļɫ΢漴ͷŵ֮أҲһ干ĵط֪жǿսȻΪǿ󣬵һЩǿ߶龳ǿߣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ƿϵĽţԷɫٱ䣬վĿһۣ¶˲˼ɫûж룬㹰ֶл
Ȼľٶ𾪲ѣղŵûָ˵ܻһϢһϢ˵ܵĻᡣ
֪ҪɱҲһ֮飬ѪȵСûֻɱ¾ֻѪֻ
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ţ㲻Ը⣿кâһ絶㣬ޱȣϵɱ糱һ㣬ӿ֡
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Ҹ㣡˰Եֻͬ⣬켴һּ䴩һӰ
˶Լľñ˺ѿǵľΪ
һ·˲ٹϢʹɱķԷȻûв׾¶š
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ʱϤ쵹ޱȣȻţоԼвԷնɱô죿ο˭֪ûصɱ֡
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һƷţΪƮѩȣȻǹеĸȴǿޱȣǵĵڻñ˺ܶ࣬ǣƮѩȵÿһӣǱţԣƮѩȺͻñڱǲеǿ
һ̾ѣƷĸЩ˽⣬ôĵطֻһƷȴǳȻĴˡ


382 칬
ȴƷɼߵˮƽȻҪ
ԼĳضƷƺû˵ߵƽˮƽҪǿһ㡣
⻹㣬ƮѩȺͻñǱǿҡҡͷһ˿֮ɫ˲͸һϵϢ
ϢֻڷͽĤݷ֮ʱŻ
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عͷ˵ƺйأǺܾúܾǰ£칬Ĵһֻκޣ
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Ҳܸܵջ󣬶˵ȴԵֵ
Ǵ˵еǷĴڣһ۵ͷһԵֿ
˵ѾһȻĴˣʾĶټˣοʵǿĴۡ
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Щ˵еĴڣӡ󵹲񲽷Ϊȴۿֲǿߡ
ֻʱܺøԶϴڣĿ꣬ǴۣԺҪԽġ
֪Сû칬ĵƺһ̾ڲȴѯʡ
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ĬˣĻԣȶһʵǿȴԽ̻ڼѵȥŸ߳
һǶʵһǶ
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Ƕɱ¾гɳģȻҲŸյС磬ڹȥ겻ʱҵ˫մȾѪ±Ҫܶ࣡ɫȻûп棬۾һֱǰãǰ·
ܸܵϵɱҪǿܶ࣡濴޽ǣ罣һбϵŨü̾
ɱɱ¾лģңɱ¾Խ࣬ɱԽʢɫָ֮ǰĵȻ
СУÿһ˶˫մѪģֻѪеάطתܲſԵõķΪ氵̾һԣÿһˣսҪͬǿܶ࣡
ǰ־зеߣǾ粻ɱ¾ȴͨߺܶ࣬ɱ⣬Ѱ֮˿ɱȣͬĻΪǶǴһ߹ġ
ĬƬ̣Զ칬ţҶԷʵ㣬ǿ㣬ô
첢ûаɣص˵һɭ޵ֻеһСѣǲŽֻʱ⣡
ͣ٣ŵҲȥɱߣǣ˲ۣײҵϣֻˣ
ʲôطıжôǿҵֻе˺ѣֻл˺ˣ
Ļò亹뵽֮ǰԼĴɱ˸ս
Բ˵Ϊ˼ʸΪߣʵһУ
ҲСУ͵ߣֻʵɣ
ʱߵһƬشߵϢѾһ㣬ڹ֮УԶһƬģһɫԷֱ档
վڰɽϣ˿ǰеԸӡ
ÿֲ󰡣ŨĻ֮˻ޣûΧʮɫأ·С֮Դͷһ㡣


383 
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˵ﻹпԵֿ֮壿΢΢𾪣˲档
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ٴҡҡͷ޲µģֻҪ㲻Ҫǵĵ̣ȥǣǲģΪ뿪Ǳ㴦ƣΧɱΧɱ
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΢У벻飬ǳ谡
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Ļƻ̺֮Ϣ̺Ż֮Ϣʵеݡ
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ˣɵķΧԸԣĿռ䣬Ӷݣս
컺ȴֿ磬·ƾŲƹȥգ۱㵽˻ƻǰһɴǿСʯϡ
˰ʯϣ˫ִأ·һͷƴıӣŻƻ˹ȥ

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˲亮ëһ亹ϢʶѸչ

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Ҳòȥʵ̫ǿˣôǿһȻδܵԷĹֱӽ˶ʮɣˮ
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ΣȳǱӭԣӰѾʩչŷ֮⾳·𻯳˷еһƬҶûκι켣ƮڰС
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һվǳɹˣʱᵽǻ۵ҪԣҲΪʲôսȾ绹ҪҪ


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ǿС籾һɱ¾֮أȥĶһνҲǴ˴εðգ˵õһЩԵ

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389 
󾪣ֹͣУһ齸ʯϡ
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Ыβٱ;гɲٵԣѪάʱҲһЩֲ
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ЩأЩ죬ֻʶ΢㽫ΪҽԶʧƬϵɭС

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ϵĲ̦޺ĴɣоһŨ·ƬɭԴڴˡ
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ʱʶеҲҡҷУɢŨ֮ľңӳһŨɭɢ
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⾳Բ֮ǽ˻ᣬ˵ͻ֮ǽһʵķԾ
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ʶ΢ϵ·ӵһ㣬Զ˿һƬƬ̦޺Զ䡣
ˣ쿴·ɫʯֿ̨Ծ޴Ĺεҡҡͷ̾ϧ޷͸һ
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ণûԴȴȻսʱûٴΧռ伳ȡƲȱǾ޴ƶ
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Ƭ֮γһУڿУ𽥵ɢֲϢɲڿС

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˼һɫ𽥻ָϵƽڷŶݵʱһԺ󲻹ʲôĶ֣ȫͶ룬֮ǿӦԡ
˭ߣؽӭҿŭϮһʰ飬ǰȥ
ʮ֮ת˷򣬻Уͣһɫҫۻǰ
һȭͷСĻ棬ΧĻעĿȴûʲôرֻͨѡ
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ʱоһɼΪȴֳȵ˵ֱƣ澭ߣͣسľݡ


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ĪҪͻˣһ㶣ɵתеԼ֮С
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ҽ弸ˤѣϵĻƮ·Ǵ֮ļٺػֱֻۣܵҲǱ˺һ룬ٲȻһֻޱۻܡ


397 Ⱥս
ʱţĹֻ޽ѸޱȣֱӲ˴ػܵ͸
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ţѺۣһʱԸԭֻڴУػܵ壬ɢѿŭϡ
ʱˣԶһǹ˲Уһŵأռ⾳ʩչƬ̱ڻţϿա
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һֻʮɸߵĻʨ·Ⱥеĵͷ˹ΧĻȫɢˣγһ֮Ŀռ䡣
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һֻǿĻҲİͿжϳռ״ĻԳ
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ȻԼ͸ˣֻǿĻ޴սƺԼ޹أʲôңһᣬޱ谭ˡ
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ݡ
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˲䣬սͣȺȫ·˱ս״̬ȴ϶ӭС
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·Խ˵˺һ㣬ȸʵֲ̫ˣռ䶼ˡ
ǿĴڣûмôֲڹǽֻǿĹ޻Ҫֲȸ壬˼ꡣ
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ƺܷŭȴʮ־壬֪ΪΣȴϵ¸߰ͷ­ҲΪǴʱһԵʰɡ


398 ȸ
ݡ
ȸضƺܲסˣռʶһ𵴣죬Ϣȴ޷ƣھҴܣ³˼ϽɫѪҺ
ǿֲѹʶҡҷƽĽˣǱڽ֮ϵޣֻ΢΢һֻ۾ȻбˣƺΪм𵴡
ʱӿֳһ˿֮˳ľһΣ˱˲ȬǹɿֲѹҲ˲ʧˡ
ʱ³һ˹ƽľٴԼϢȫͶ룬ȵǿֲڵĳ֡
ȸ֮ǼֻǿĻޣʱȴ޷ֲֿѹ֮ص˸߰ͷ­ܲʵعڵϣеĻƲ
Ȼ·̫һ㣬ƺΪǿҵĻռˣռĻҲǿ
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ʱſߣʱһֻȸ޻ȸһģһֻֻȸȫ棬ֻ޴ӷ·־գһ˫չ֮㣬ա
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Īǣһֻȼ۾ߵĻȸ
첻ˣ룬ͷϵֻݣ¾Ǿżˡ
ѻҲ޵ĵȼ֣ôֻȸӦǾżޣ
żޣǴʱ붼ĳȻڣɲҽĿֲݼԼ֮С
һֻԳѾΨֱ֮ˣֻȸǴ
ԣʱ侲ȻɫΪأȴûʧȥ磬ʱֻ侲˲ܻʱ򣬻Ψһϣ
ȸڸ߿գ֪ж֮ߣ˫̫һӶ·ֻޣ鼫Ϊмһţһɿֲ֮˲֣γһɻӵ˳ƶϣĻޣ뵽˻ȸĿС
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쿴һĻͷƤ飬һڱֻޣĻȺҲֻǼڶѡ
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һʱԶֻȸҲЩ޾İ
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ͬʱǸ޴Ļ򣬶˹·һϮһ㡣
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Ϯʱ򣬿з·з߾ǹŻȫ˳ȥ
ħٴء𣡡
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챻û·ǳѣֲĻըɢǧɵĿռֻڻһϢߵķݣ˳ȥʮĳɫ֮С


399 ȸ
ȿȡ
һϵ·ȫˣǲϵѪٲȻˡ
ȴûһ˿־塣
죬˿ֲĶ֣ǶԷ׽飬ڶԷֻǸϣҲ־塣
ΪĿ־Դδ֪ʱѾᵽ˶Էǿ󣬱ѾûбҪˣΨһսҲҪηս
һѸת֮˵ȱʧȻǰȻ顣
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һУеֻȸӰʵˣԭȳ״ʱȴҺ״ת
۾һգգضţĹתûֹͣȻƼأ༸ȫѣʵ̫ǿˣЩཥϣϵҲ𽥵ϡ
ȸӰڱ仯֮УŻᣬʩչ⾳׽ѧٻָơ
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ݡ
ౡ
ʱǵȸӰƺܵ˿ֲĻ֮һ־УԶֻ޴ĻȸͬʱҲǰһξҵزţǹȸѹ˲ɢȴ޷һ£ΪȻֵĿֲϢȸѹǿ·ʱҲûôֲˡ
֮תȫ֫ٺ鲼澭ϢƱָϢƺǿ
ʮϢ֮󣬻֮ص֮Уһиһ㡣
ڸղŻֵ֮ʱעȸӰתƵԼϡ
ֻϢʱ䣬ĿٴƵȸӰ֮ʱֻȸȻʵϵë˳Ρ
ౡ
ȸڻ֮ʧ֮󣬱ûȸѹ˫һչһǧ֮ڵĻ˲ϯƺҪȸӰʯյǿһ𣬽ߡ


400 ʯ
ݡ
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ݡ
ȸӰһУɽھҡΣ·Ҫ㸲һ㣬ͼΣǷ貵ĳɫâΪҫۡ
ţһɴȸͻȻͼ˳Ӱغϣ˲仯Ϊһ壬ɽڰգһ˫Ӵ죬ƣͬһ㡣
˲һֻһΪСĴڣΪȸһ㶢Լأ
ңֻȸƺһţ޷ɽڣֻڰ쿴Ⲣȸƺһ꣬һ״̬
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˲ܵһɿֲѹԼɫ䣬ʩչȫ
֪ȸΪҪԼƣȻʲô顣

쳤Хһת⾳ʩչ޷ѽ
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ʧɫ⣬еƣҲ޷ʩչǾʹȥǿɾԩˡ
֮Ȼ룬ŷ֮УʮְԵֻͷųһ㣬㽫ѹļҪһ㡣

һȫֲֿֿΪͣϢ֮УѾϽɫѪҺ
ˡ
ʱһǿϢͻȻ֣ǻ֮Ȼ֮СǱȸϢȴҪǿࡣ
ֻͷųһϽɫĹâ˲͸ˣĵ·ǧһ㣬һƬ㡣
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ϵķ˲ʧˣȥֻһ޴ʯڸ߿֮ϣɢŲϵϢȸͼ·ȸһ㡣
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ףһĿռ䣬֮ежٿռ䰡쿴ΧʯɽԼµɳִ˴һռ䣬ջҰûǳһ㡣
Ҳûһɫֲȫʯɽ¾ɳиޱȣûһ˿ˮҲûһ˿
Ǹ簡첻̾һ켴һԼŷԼģһƣһ
Һ÷ֵļʱȻܴˣԺأ˰һֹһóһ·³һ
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˫ֱתȫתھܣϴ⾭ݡ
ʱĵҲʼת·תƺ졣
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401 ͻ
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һȻյıȽˣǣҪһԲ֮ͻƵڶ˫֮ǻһľ룬ǵһĴ֮˵ҲһСս
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гһ˿֮ɾͣѹת
ʱĿȫתĵмתţԭеȫС
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𾧣ǻ޵ľ۶ɣ̺˻һ˿ϣȻ޷գ֮󣬶Լвٺô
ǣѾȥʲôˣʱͻСѾĽˣ޷ƣֹڴˡ
˫ֱ֮Уɮ붨ΪɽΪһ塣
תּתаתһ˿˿
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407 ֲʯԳ
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Ƭ֮󣬳ϵֻʯޱһʯ콫߿ʯ֮УɢŨŨĴ֮Ϣϲѡ
һƽľʯϣƽ˼飬ʮʯ֮ȫϣ˵֮


409 
ʱ۾ʶеö֮ѿûȷѾһͻƵ״̬ʱпȷʹӦһ˿֮⾳

ε̾һһϿȵȥ
Ԥϣʮʯ֮ģӦÿʹԼ⾳ģǣȴЩʧ֪һ㱡谭ʲôʱܹƣϣһɣ
һʱѾ뵽ϿܸоԼе·ػ۵ģӾȴһֱֱǰС
ʱѾͣ˽Ųɫأ˼ţô߹ǰ·
ǰһƬʯ֣һ޼ʣʯᾣʯľʯеһɶߣеʮߡȻ֮ڿʮһϵģţֻʯֱصʯ»иΪֲʯ޴ڣʮɸߵĿ¶Ϊˡ
ֵǣʯ֣Ǵͳϵʯ֣ɭ֣һÿγɵӣֻЩʯͷγɵġ
ʱ첻룬ǲ֮ǰһƬĲľɭ֣еޣͨԾȫʯͷʯʯݣʯޡ
һ룬첻ĲĻôһôֲ顣
һʯͷֱ£һЩ˵֮еĴڣ
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תϢϢ·ûдһ㣬ȴһӰڣؽʯ֮С
һӣ첢ûʯ޵ע⣬޾գ̾Ϣǣʯֵ·УҩȫʯͷģΣƾȵȡ
ʱ첻λǿߣװ˷ôҩȻλǿߺпԼ鹹ġ
ĽŲע߶ȼУʮֻʯޣжʮɸߡţֻʯУ˼УԷܿܳ
ǡ
Ȼһ΢Ķͣ˽ŲԼֻ޷׽ľ棬ߵ۷״̬Ŀתؿֻ޴ʯޡ
ǡ
ٴֻ޴ʯ޵Դƺ˶ƫұߣβʹұŲߣǰצչԴ棬ƺ˯
ιȥˣʯҲûзһ죬ƺָ֮ǰƽ״̬
غһŵڷоգȷʵһ
ٴμһԼֲûʲô©ĹޣŴȥ
첻֪ĵĹʯ޵ʱոնܵǿžһЩı仯ֻһɸߵɴȻһЩ壬γֻ۾һӺһͣΪ죬ʧĵطƺ¶һ˿Цݡ
ֻһжһ˲䷢ģûκע⵽
ģʯƾˣİֹͨʶ̽飬ȴ赲ߡ
쵹Щ֣ЩӺζ᲻ʲô
ĽŲˣ·Ϊһ壬Ĺһֻֻ޴ʯޣľսΪ˲ֹʮֻʮɸߵʯޣһֻʮɸߵʯޡ
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ֻ޴ʯޣһֻʮɸߣһֻԴжʮɸߡ
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Ϥ֮ʯ޲ֹͣɣҡԴܿ˿ȻԴ̧죬ƺһ˿ɻ
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ʯ޴ţһ֮㣬еĻϡ
ţ㿴ʯһȻһţͻȻڿն졣


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ʯʯϣƬضڲޱڵĽŲʹΧĿռ䶼ҡΡ
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ʱƬֵƺڶˣ·Ǵ紵һ㣬֦ҡҷҶƮ㡣
ȴɫһƬƬԼƮҶϵƽͷų
ɲʲôҶʯͷǹʯͷ׼ȷ˵ӦǾİ
ԣܽ
ݡ
аƴҶʮɵʱԭҶʯҶһ㣬ȥ˷ʯ꣬·Ҫݻ١
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һӰ֣ܳһϽɫĹ룬·һ㱣һ㡣
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Ħ֧涇أ
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ʯҶ˲Ϯײڱƿı棬˲ըѣɢڿС
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Щ׳ϣֳһЩ壬γһģģˣ׶ȵȣȫУǧٹ֡
ˣ
캧ȻɫȻʶ˵ȽİȴǴδ˵Ыβһ˱ǹϵľب£¾֮Ρ
ȫشȫתΣ壬һЩûв͸شĹľ԰˰״̬棬Щ飬ˡ
ɭеľ飬壬ϸֵĻҲԽ塣
ǣڰУһ㶼Ϊˣ·һµࡣ
ǰЩˣȴʯˣû࣬첻֪Ľзǣ֮ǰĲ²⣬ѵд߽ͨȫΪʯͷ


411 ʯ
ˣ˸ľ磿ʥۣʥʣ
ţȻһëȻĸо־ľǿδһ϶ǵ˶Էп»һЩʵ飬ȻǾǿߣҪɱ죬¸һֻûʲô
ΧһųϲŭֵĹӣǸпǧҲͬʱޱȣЩ˿ɲЩʯޣÿһö֮ߣս龳
ԣЩʯǰȻޱȡ
СӣȻܵˣûмˣĴԼתʱһƵͬһʮһ㣬ͳء
һѾƽˣЩ˾Ȼ˵ˣŵ飬һȷȷʵʵǰֲòʵ
Сӵʵƺôôģһʯ׿ŵŤţ³һ仰ȻЩԲ½ͨԣȴȫȫԷ˼
ҿСӦû龳ˮƽһǲȵʺˣŻҲһʯҲǱḻ˵
龳ǰڵˮƽСѪƺʢͨ龳ڵߣһص챼תģϷ뷨
֪ҪʲôԲӦ䣬ʱӦԵķ
Ӧ߰ɣ֪ǰһʯ˴죬ɻ
ҿڣڣһüΪϵʯ˿ڵ𾪲ѣЩʯ˾Ȼ֪ںЩѾʧڴ½ϵɼжϡ
֮ǰʩչ似Ӧڣһ˸͵
ԣСɱͷϳëôڵĵأҿڣһʯ˵
ԣڵĵûôصɱҿڤĵӣʯƺͬʯ˵Ļ
ԣڤôýôõ͵أҪ㣬ãҿСӰ˳޵ˣһʯҲ۵
ԣ޵Ⱥôôãõĵأҿţ
ԣԣӦǡ

һȺʯ˿ʼੲݵƬɭޱȣԭİ˲类ͱķһ㣬ޱȣվԶʯ꣬ڿʯ˸ոεʱ򣬾ͱˡ
˼ȴЩ˽̸ĻУո˼ʣò˼һνġڤ϶ڤӦ½һǡޡȴ˼һϣɱ֯йأȻ鷳ˡ
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СȻ֮ʣȣ˼е챻ʵעЩ˵Ľ̸
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ˣˣһԪֻܳһСƺߣһĲʯ˵
壡һԵޱȣѪ֮Ӧţ˷վԶ
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һƬʯֶʱʯƺ˵Ļ֮С
ǵĻǧǰһһ·ɱ˴ʯĸ֣ǿޱȣǿǰĹ¼ЩѪˡ
Ƭ֮˴ӳʹĻ֮ɭеһɨݵļžȻʧӰ٣ռ¡
Сô죿һʯ˿죬ɻ
Ҳ֪Աߵʯҡҡͷһʯˣô
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꣡ԣܻʵףǧҪ´ʹһԱߵɫ䣬ֹ˵
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ʱǿΪϵʯŤһˣ죬Ƶصߣ˺θɣ
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ȽİľȻӣǶ½ǱȽİģֻܽԼŽ˳
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˵Ļ챾ΪԷ˵λţȴԼ´ˣӦĽߡ
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412 
ڵһߣʵǰƺǸʲô󷨣ѰʲôԵģʥɽ
ڵĸҵȼΪŵĴڣһ꣬ƺ۾Ϊս֮ǿ޽Уɱʥˣһ·ɱ鰡ǰ֣Ž֮ܣƺҲǽʥɽңʥɽ֮ʱ綼󣡡
ʯ˵ĻĬȴǾ죬꣬´ʱѾеǿˡ
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413 ֮
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Ȼس㲻Ͼȴ˵ǾĳΣֻǴߵľ绹ѣеľ񼼵ĳ״̬
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ˡ
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414 ⾳
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415 ֮
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Ϣ֮ǰֻоԼǳС׺һڣͬʱҲǳݺ
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ҲǸо˴֮ĵϢ쵤еĻ֮˲תܣɢʵĹâ
ˡ
֮ƺҲ˻֮Ϣǹɺصĵ˲ʧֱǵĺԿղȷʵɡ
֮δɢȥ·ûиоǿصͲʱԼʱȴԼһ㣬޷
˼̨ǰȭͷСʯͷغһ
ʵﵹЩˣ֮ĵģһ½ֻһ飬ʧȥһ飬½ѣɰƯ֮С
Ȼд֮ģȻĳʥȡߡ
ⶫջʵ̫ˣƺԸᡣ
ȱԵߵ֮ȻˣôܷŹˣӦò͵ɣӦýԭҰοһȻ˫֣ץ˴֮ϡ
ǣ֮ķ·ǽ˼̨ϣ޷ö
𣡡
һתȫʩϣץ𣬵޷ֺ
Ǵ֮İӦûˣҲֻд֮ģĳأ
̾һ˫ٴץ֮ϣȫ˲䣬ǸܵĻ֮תˣһɵĹĵͷų֮İ˲ʧˣ̨ϣǿտҲ
ˣ
찵̾һǿ
¡¡
ͻȻؾҲΧʯǽҡ⣬ʱпܵ
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ԣⲻǵǿȣֱݣѲ˴֮ģɵģ켲˼ͻĿֲﾪ졣
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ߵſڣͻȻһֲĺֹס˽Ųɫ
ֻһ޴Ͽȣʱȴһصɽϣޱȸߴʯ壬˴ѾԶˡ
ǣעûʯͣһϢǿɽгɰǧӿʯˣ˼Ӧ֮ߡ
ʱ컹벻ͨͰ׻ˣʯʯ֮ģڣ֮ӦʯıʱӦʯС
Щʯڣɱڣӿ϶˴鷳ˡ
ô죿
壬Ȼ͵ʯʥɱһֲ֮Ȼ˵Ĳԣȴ
ʱ𾪣Ѿ޷ˣ֮ǰôʯˣÿһʮ֮ߣսǿ󣬵ȴûһ˵ġ


416 ʯ
ǰЩʯˣٶԱЩҪ죬ҪδСһовٺԼһߡ
ңղǵֲᵽʯ壬ʯӦǰ֮еһ塣
ԭʯ壬ʯ壬΢漴ĿƵӿʯ֮УսԱ취ߡ
壡ʥʯȫʬһһɸߵʯնٶȻ죬ͨ·һˣҲ죬гһʮɣ忴һֲڵĵ
𡭡𡭡
·ǧʯˣʯ˵Ļ󣬴·漴ǧһ㣬ɽȶڻζ
䡭䡭
һЩߴʯѾ챼˹·Ҫײ
۾΢У˲óǹԶʯ壬ɱȻȻҽһţһӰʯȥ
һΣǶһˣ˵ʵڵģЩʯ֮УϢǿв٣ǸڿյʯˣϢЩ˻ҪǿղͷŷһɼΪֲĴ֮ϢǴֲ֮ѾϢѹĩˡ
շУ϶Ϊʯ˵Ŀֻ꣬дϵʯȺУƾԼٶϵƣѰһѡ
·һϽɫս˸ƮֻһϽɫĹӰʯȺб˾ҵĺը
𡭡
ʯ˵ĺ춯أƣԶѪԱ⡣
ǵյʯˣս޷׽죬ӲϣȻһ˿仯顣
ɽϵӰһһɸߵʯ˵㣬ؼյʱ򼴽٣죬ɱȥնɱˣûʥʯ
ǽɱʯˣ˲һٶȱͨ߻Ҫ죬жǱֳֻһѴʯµķģȻֲڣȴ̺ɼʯͬһ㡣
ɱ۾һֱʯȺе죬սⰻȻʱõȻϲޱȣĴ֮ɽȻ⾳Բ֮
ǣ
ɱǿеʯһ֣Ѹ죬еʯ߾٣Ȼ£ƣƺҪΪ롣
ڣҿѪʢɱܷɹɱ뿪ʯ֮еӰվʯ͹ʯȺУЩʯˣʯǿߣһʯ죬еĵʵ
ɱʯǿţôᶷһСС壬ˣ컹δڣߵһʯƺʯ˵ĵ
ڣֻҪ㶯֣ʥʯصУΪɱȥȡأʯ˲֮⣬ʵ
֮ʢžҹʵɱв磬ɱܽնɱˣ۵ʸǧҲõͷˣɱǴߣʯĿһֱͣɱϣʥʯѾˣ
ʱʯǿ߽ԶĬˡ

ʧȥ˴֮ģʯڲţսеĸ飬ѾһС
ǹոһʯˣоͷϺȻһɼΪֲϢ̧ͷһһѴʯԴ
ã
ɫ䣬ǹɣӰ֣ǹһ㣬Ȼպײµĸϡ
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һֲĺ䱬ǿ˲ɢӿܣЩʯˣԱɿֲײˣЩˡ
һԿ̱֪˶ԷʵԼҪǿǹϴĿֱֲ۷飬Σֱӱ󸫸ʯ档
ȻʹȴûˣѸٴʯ˲۷壬ǹûһֲϽɫǹâ˲ٴµʯ
䡭
һιʩչȫʮɵȫͷţԷǿֲصײһ𣬼һϽɫӿܣЩɱʯˣ˲ײˣΧʯҲɳ
εʮ֮ԶײұϣɱǱʮɡ
һǿֲҪֲ࣡۵󣬿Զɱ۽Զʯ壬Լת
ǻᣬӰɣܿ죬ѡʯ˾Ӧóߡ
˲ʩչռ⾳ͻȻʧٴγʱѾʮ֮ˣֻ˲֣ûӰ
һз̫죬ʯȻûϵƺǳ
ãˣ׷һʯǿɫ΢䣬·ʯ˴ȵ
ʱɱͷɵĽ׷ȥһȣʯҲ׷ɱȥǵٶȽ֮ɱ̫࣬Ϣʱ䣬˾롣
ȥСסһʯǿһʯ巽ٷȥ
𼱣֮ǰЩһһӦȥʥɽģȥͨ޷ȥģʯ쿴ʯ壬죬ɱԽ˻ᣬʯɽ˵ԻһĻԵõĻӦÿ߳
棡һǵģһɱ׷壬Ҫǧꣿһʯǿߵ
ʯҡҡͷһȫƾ춨ǿпԵĻͽܻˣ
죬ʥɽгȥͨ𣿡һʯǿƺЩʵ
УģдοôѾʮ˴ˣп϶˳ȥģʯ콩ӲɫȻǧǰǵĸʥɽǿߣǴͨʱأĿռ䷨ڲ
Ǹ˺ǿѲɱڻҪǿһʯǿ߿ʯ죬
ʯҡҡͷǾţʱսڵңûʮɰտսʤοʱԼ
ʯһԶĬ
ǺðȻôǿߣһʯ˸̾
ʯ쿴ʥɽоȻ˸Ĺâһϣ֮⣬ֻһ죬ǻȥģһ죬ңԶʧȥģҪûȥģҪǵѪ죡

ʩչ˼οռ⾳ֳʱΧѾûʯ壬ûбҪ˷ʶ
ֱŵ漲ʡ
ûȫиΪ֮ԶĵطһǿϢ׷š
Ȼ֪ɱ˹ȴû˿η壬ȻԷսԼǻҪǿԼٶȱȶԷҪǿܶ࣬öãɽʯ˦ԶԶġ
һ뵽ˣ첻ӿٶȣɵľ
б׷˭ٶȿ죡ֹţĿƵԶʯϣʱĿʯĴž룬ʵľ룬֮ǰֻþ


417 ս
һյڵʯ£ʱ֪ɽжѾ֪ôȥˣΪ̧ͷֻܿһ죬ֻһĵأʣµľʥɽˡ
ڹ֮еɽŻǰɣ
첻̾
ʥɽͷųֺصϢ뵽ξΡɽͬĺƴͬĺأǲͬǣʥɽȫʯͷûвľϢξ֮еɽ鴦ǡ
ͷʶչƺйѹʶֻܸǰûзɱӰԷ׵̫Զˣûе
Ȼɱڣ㲻żҴɽóö֮ĵɽᲽȥ
ˡ
ʥɽʹصĽԣ磬˲оһɿֲشѹʱطϢޱȡ
ͷųѹǣһͷųʥɽ˲䷺һ׹⣬˳ȥ
ô£Ȼųңдɫһ䣬ŭٴŽ籼ȥ
ǣһߵ紦˲һĻ𣬽쵯γһϣʥɽ֮⡣
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Ѳɶɽһʵƣ
첻ҿ϶ȴҲҲĽڡ
ߣҾͲƲϣɫ˲䣬ǹУȫתûһʮɳϽɫǹŰɫĹĻȥ
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ֲǹڹĻ֮ϣ·ţ뺣һ㣬ɲǱɢˡ
ɫ΢䣬ûлģһһεغĻ
ɫ΢䣬ãǼһ׷ˣ鷳ˣ
Ȼ֮⣬һߴӰˣֳһѴʯޱȣ׷ɱɱ
ɱ챻ڹĻ֮⣬鵹ûʲô仯ֻǼٶȡ
ֹͣ˹Żɱɫ΢ת׼֮һս
ȻԷԼǿһЩɲΪԼʯС
ϵĲ࣬ţƾսǻۺ;飬һֲʱʤ븺Ԥϡ
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ڵϣóһ̣̻һƽ֮ȻͶǧƷʯ󷨣ƿĻ
ǣͷųĿֲڹĻϵʱ֮ǰһɢΣεҡҡͷЩɥڵϡ
ǰȥˣʵ벻취죬һ֮£һȭڹĻϣ˲䣬Ļ˵׹⣬Լȭͷһܡ
ΣĻûн쵯Ҳûƿ룬ֻǽȭͷס޷
ҽȥҲˣȻҶд΢ŭ˲оһһ˿֮˲ͷųռȻһ£˿֮žȭ
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ղһײɱʯϣĽŲֹˣԼǰеĽŲҲɱ
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ߣȫʬնɱҵʵ˵ɣһǹɣɱжѹƣǳսȻɡ
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տʼƱȽԣȻԱȽ϶࣬ǱɱѹŴԣԵЩǱ
ƺڷһЩ仯֮ǰʯʥʯҲǴ֮ģʱƺֻһ˿˿Ĵ֮Ϣϡ
оԼԴ⾳ʮ΢ķţѹȣҲԲķȼСš
˵Ǻ飬ɱʥɽ˫ѹ֮£ʵ϶ɿ졣
һ֮˲֪ʵ˶ߣҲûʱҲ鿴жߣֻǲͣսţһǹһȥɱøذ
ǳŵģ沼˵˺ۣɱǸʯˣûб˹
ϵ֮ǰвͬ
֮ǰǱӦսһֱ·磬ʱԽսԽ£㻹ǲɱȴû֮ǰôǱˣȫսˡ
һȥˣ˵սɽţʱǱ֮ȴɷ˿ͬѪһ㡣
ɱϲ˵ǹȭӡЩطˣǿϣ֮Ϣ̫Ũԭ
ʱ򣬶˵սģԶԶûиտʼǰңǾʳ̶˿
ʱĴ⾳ڶԴ֮ĵգѾ˰˳ɰĻϵѹԽԽСˣжҲ
Ȼʱɴ·磬ǱǰԼҪǿ˲١
ϾڳɳͬʱɱҲڳɳ
󣬶˲ͣսһգǿɱɱҲģһֱ۷״̬


418 ʥɽ֮
ʮɣóһѵҩ£ȻԶɱʲô֣
Ļʯ˵ģԣɱȫöɫľȻؿ죬ɱ
ɱܺãеĵ֣һսջ࣬ȻʱԲ㣬ǲöãһʤģȻеɱһĬ
ΣһὫնɱˣûʥʯɱΪɴ࣬ޱȡ
ʥʯˣѾˣȥµȥɣɱңΣǰɱңԺ͸ûпˣɫȻＱתŵҩҩһػָš
ܣʥʯʥģĻɱȻţϾвŵɡ
νһúûָɣ֮սɲ쵭ؿһɱҩͬʱͣմ֮ġ
ߣɱֻһ㲻ȥ죬Է˵һ֮սûָʵǹؼ
ʱ󣬶˵ʵָƸԭոͣϢõĴսٴƿ
һΣ˵нٶȱ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬طѹҲԽԽɣ⵹ʥɽһ棬Դ֮ԽԽˡ
ɱʱĴ⾳ͣڴԲ֮˲ûн⾳˴֮ǰԴ⾳ȻǴԲ֮纣һ㣬Щ鸡
ʥɽϳʱѹ֮󣬴⾳õ˴ʵ˼֡
츳Ҳڶģս˼죬Ľ٣ֻһ㡣
ԣ֮սСţĽˡ
֮ǰսʱ䣬˲ϢһΣڶδսȥˣƺۣԽսԽоڵδĹһ㡣
ģ˾ɽԽԽʥɽѹҲ˲١
챾ľ֮ĺڣ⼸ɱսȻľȻ֮۷塣
ʱļսɱ˽˺ܶ࣬ɱȻʯ壬ûĻӣҲʯͷһûӣţϣԣԵٶȣҪ졣
ֻĿǰֻһֵǱǴֻ֮е˴˵еľ磬ſԲ
֮󣬶˵ٴһգȴȡ
񣡡
ǹһ̣ʯĸУ˲䱻Զڵϡ
ˣ쿴ڵϻָɱصɱ쵽ɽˣҰְɣԺлս
ãɱ˼Ӧˣʵ𲻴ӦѾҪˣԭսҪǿһЩ⼸죬Ľ̫ˣԽԽСˣҪնɱ죬ûпܣֻеʥɽۣ֮õǿĴУսնɱ죬ˣûʥʯ
ɱôˬشӦˣһ˿֮ɫ˲ûûٶ룬һѵҩת
ʱ󣬶ָֻ۷״̬ͬʱɱƺͻȻϮܽضľٶ
ģǼȻ˵ʱսȻ͵Ϯ㣡쿴һɱص
ɱĻŷ˾衣
оԷսˣҲ켴Ŀ⿴ǧԶɽۣɫʼ
оɽмɲأȴϢ
ɱƺҲоЩصϢҲ˹ı仯
ֻͣɽ۱ȥﲻ֪ʲôǸǻһ֪֪ȥΪֱġ
ܿ죬㵽ɽ۱ԵֻҪһǵɽۡ
첢ûмһΪظоɽ۵طܹ죬Χĵطͬ
ңɽ۵İĵУ·Ŀռڶһ㣬ޱȡ
޼ʵɽϣСʯ͵һɸߣߵɣ·һÿһ㣬ɽۣγһƬ֡
Сʯ첢İһЩĸɮԲ֮ǵĹǻҺᱻСʯС
˵ͨһ㣬ǸƯһķĹ
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ͣɽ۵ıԵɱҲûнȥʯһǣȻҲܵɽ۵ĲͬЩʯò
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׿ɱһۣû˵ţһ˲̤ɽۡ
ȻһɼΪֲϢʱ֣оԼ·һֻ޸ˣ
ңƺصɽۣܶţоһ˲Լԭ֮۷ľ磬ʮϢ㱻ѹƵ˻澳۷塣ңʶҲˣֻܸǰɵķΧ
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ɫ䣬Ϊѹƣɲʲô£Լô죬һ类ѹս϶Ӱ죬ֻҪɱͨͨһԽɱ
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ʵɽ۵һ˲䣬ɱҲԼĲӣһҲѹˣ˿Ȼ澳۷ǿˮƽ
Ȼı仯֮Уûʱȥ졣
ɱ֮һŵҲŹ
Ȼ䣬ĵ﷢˱仯ǱߵĴ֮ģƺɽ۵ĳӰ죬˲ͷųһֹתȫԭӽųɻĴ⾳ʱţһյ󣬱˴Բ֮
˲䱻ˣһз̫ˣûзӦ֪Ǹǻ
Ƭ֮ĵٴη˾ޱ䣬·صܻһ㣬ԭһƬ磬ʱȴССǳÿһ涼ſֲĴ֮Ϣ
ܻ
˲סˣһĪ鷢֪Ӧԣһһ㣬ɽۣɢſֲޱȵĴ֮ϢΧĿռյЩЩζ·𱻿ӹһ㡣
ԭ仯еɱ˲䱻ı仯ѣɫ䣬ǹļµĴ֮Ϣ·Ǵ֮һ㣬Ĥݵĸо
ʯľţϱִ֮Ϣ۷һ۴죬Ѹ뿪ˣȥ
˻ڸŵı仯֪ɱȥ
ı仯ûиоһ˿ٱ˵ʷ˲Сı仯
ǹɴӴ֮֮תֱͬ뵽ĹˣɫĹϣ˼µķġ


419 ᱮ
ܸоʵƺЩǱѹƵĻ˵ѾͻƵ֮ˡ
ʱ죬ɢֲĴ֮Ϣ·ŵµĴΪһˡ
ʱĵƽϢ·һһ㣬غƴ
غһضһ£˽Ųɫָ糣
类ѹˣԷӵսޣʱûƵֻսǻۣԼ顣
һ룬ҲȻˣղɱҲˣԼһˡ
ŲԶ֣ȥ
һһɸߵʯֲϢ·ڸ죬֮á
ϵʯУûʲôǻѻ֮ģտҲ·˰ˣֻʯͲȱĹġ
֮ڣ죬𣬡
һβȱģû͸©õϢֻ֪ʯ˱Ϊݸ̽顣
̾һǰȥͣһһɶߵʯǰ
֮ǰһһʯûйǻһĶˡ
ɻѣһʯȥ֣֮ʯ϶ϴٹˣҪ˵ǻѻļˡ
ǺΪΪ
ʱȴʣŴƬ֣εҡҡͷŲһţȥ
ʱ֣߳ȴһƬƬʯȻĿ٣Լмʮÿһɸߣʯ·һ߾߰׹ǣܶ඼ģҲ޺ĺǡ
ǣÿʯϷһһɴСУռ䷨
쿴ɱһʯǰһͷСʯͷɱǿʯͷڹţǳϡ
ûȥɱߵԼһֲڵʯǰŽµĿ׹ǣ漴ĿƵʯϣֻдż֣һǴ½ͨõ֡
ɫ΢䣬֮Ӧ½ߡ
ۣ֮˭ɵ٣ʣ˫轭󻸸ᣡ
ǰʮ壬İ˸Ӧǵ˿ߵݡ
轭󻸸ǿߡ轭ӦǴ˵ţ֡
ᣬԼԼᣡ
֣ɫ䣬˲佫ĿƵʯ֮µǾ߰׹ϡ
ϲ߰׹Ǳǻ֪ΪڴˣĹͷȻЩ࣬ȴûвȱ
ʵõıˣʯ˵ʥɽʵ͵ĶǴ۾ߣǸǿߡ
⻸ľ磬϶ǿߵͣǴ۾ߡ
һߣ֪ΪҪڴˣ
ңʮֵıģƺ˵ļһֻ˵ĵʯѡ
ʣ˫
˸֣һ
ʣİһһЩ
ĵһ似ɱȭбСʡ֣˵似Ϲľʥ֪ǸʥⱮϵġʡûйϵ
ϸϸһ룬ΪӦûйϵϾλһʥߣҲʥǿߣӦǽʥࡣ
ʥ߶ԡɱȭȡҲܹ֣ΪβСʥɱȭǸУ
ʲôϵ
첻ȥˣЩ֪֪֪ôҲ벻ͨ
ϵġʡӦǷǳ˲ܱǿ˵ɡ˫ɼʵжôֲ
뻸ӦˣԾڴˡ
ȻֻĲ²⣬ȻҲоʵ޷վסţҲ벻ɡ
˺һĺʯһʯӣС
֮ʯݡ
⻸˵أ϶ţֻЩϧ
һţڴˣǶôķ̰
̾˿ԱߵһʯһȻʯҪֲڵʯֲ½֣ͨҲǹϵ֣Ӧ֡
쿴һ۽µĺǣɫ΢䣬˵Ĺһ඼Ҫ׳һҪһЩλ졣
Ӧߣ
켴ĿƵʯϣŵĳª֣Ų³˵Ը
Ӧһϴֿ̳ģдʮֳªббģѧֵ׶дģʵûһԣ춼ܡ
죬ɱҵȣڴˣ
ٴˣᣡ
ߺǵԭˣԣӦţȴڴ˵أй״ıʹ
ʥɽģǸţЩǰȴΪΣ

ǶôǿԹ
ѵҲΪļڴˣ
ɫأѸһʯȥʯǰƯһЩ·һߵʬǡ
ֱӽĿƵϣǼ̺Ž֣ɫȻ
ͷ˭Ϊ壬ʶϴ޳ڴˣ
ʮĸ֣ÿһ·һѽҲһʽ£Ǿǧص£಻ĨȥЩֲķâ
ϴ޳һţнһ
ϧǣһţȴڴˣգ
ͷ˭Ϊ壬ʶ
һĸоƺ˵һΣҲǶ߹·ã
ʣǶɧ
첻λʸȤˡ
ǻǽ޳Ƕʱ˾֮飬·¼߾ֻһĶʯ
ʯ˵ʱһ߽ʥɽ콵ĪűǶ˵ʣ
ϴӦǴ½ϵĽţ֪ڻ治ڣ⽣޳ô½ͨõԿ̳ıģ˵ϴȻڡ
޳ĺ֮컹֮ǰһЩǰذݣȻһʯȥ
̫ˣЩǧǰľţȴڴˣɻ󣬵ò𰸣ܣ
һʯȽϸߴ󣬵²ûкǣֻһʯһЩϵ֡
ңʯ֮ǰҪԶһЩ
ǧΪΣɱ¾һȫɿգͿ̿ڤ
αģûȴдĲпᣬ첻֪Ɱĵֵֵ֮ǰһڴˡ
ʮ˸֣ȴ̺һǿɱ⣬ɱˣɱɱ⣬ȴɱ
ܸо˵ʵԱǰǿӦʥǿߡ
ǿߣ֪ΪΣ˵Լһɱ¾ջһգ
ں䣬ҲΪǿʲô⣬Ǳ˼Ļ˵ߵֻͿ̿ûʲô۷ԡ


420 
ɨһǰʯ֪Ϊиоһѹֵ֮
ɱɹڵϣһǱʹԭ
ûȥҳ˼ȽϹϵʯ˹ȥ
Ҫҵ𰸣ԴͷʱԸ֡
޶ۣ˭һʣ˭ƥУ
۵òѪƯ֣ƫﾡ٣´ȱڤպ
ѣ죡ʿ
ͼҵ΢ݺᣬ˭Ϊ飿ٱһˣǹ
ʣιۣ峤

⼸ʯļպ͹¶Ӧ֮ǰǿǲû˵أȴҲûеʥɽϲã·һжһ֣ƭͿ̿顣
еļ֮ЩһǾž޵ľߣ嶼УȴǷ߿ǧ·һ˶ȡǿߵķɣǲͬʱ
Щֻ˽⵽ʺܲпᣬһ֪˷ˣҪҳԭ򣬿ºˡ
ʱվһСʯǰʯȴⱮΪµġ
ʯûкǣֻһѶϽڵϣѶϽֻƷѣǧ֮ãâڣɱɢ
ĽŲͣʯǧɳģĿƵϣоһֻõĴԼץֲֿϢ˾ƿջҪǿٱǧ
ɫ䣬ȻͷųӰ֣ȫһȭһֻȭǵõײһ
ûκ죬·ûгֹԿһ㣬ӰɳȥһʯϣǵӰͲ֪٣ȭӰǲһ㡣
ֲ
ֲĲͻȻֵǿӰټʧ
ɲΪԼ˻þˣԼڻþǿ߲ࡣ
ԣֻⱮĵʵ̫ߣϢغӰٵʧ
վһ˿Ȼ֮ɫףֻǿµһ˿ûжڸһЩ顣
첢֪Էʲôٴ߽ʯߵ۷壬Էٴι
ʯûκηӦҲվʯǰıġ
˵һαģ˵֣Ǹһģһ֡
ϣȻֵ˼ȴ֪һ֡
ڣڣڣ
ʯϣֻڡ֣򵥵֣ȴ·һشû顣
ڣ
ΪҪڣ
ڵʲô
лڣ
Ȼֻ֪Ī֣ԴиܵŨŨĻںޣ·һ
ڲãɢɱ¾ħǿб鲼ͷѣá
ƺҲⱮӰ쵽ˣʶеҡҷ˼£ָѸ뿪ʯ
δڹʱһУԸġ
ûҲʱû죡
ԣڣ
һȽʯǺܸߴ󣬵ȴɢһ˭İԵϢΧǿճģʯţ·ǹһ㡣
һ߽̱оһ񱩵һõӰͽ˺񷣬˲ʧ
һλðĳǴʱѲ죬ҲоԼΡ
գǻǿߵ֣ͽ˺գеٮٮߡ
Īһǿ
ʯûų˳ؽӽʯıʱʱоһɿ֮
µأΨҶ𣡡
򵥵İ˸֣Ե˭·ؼһ㡣
տʼֻ֮һǿ߶ѣֻǾ߶ѡ
оԣʮʯֻһǳʵ޵֮ˣһǸпļѡ
ʯʯһûг̾ʣҲûипļѣ·ؼףΣ޵֮ˣϵ¡
ʱ֪ʯ˭µģôֻ˵ӳˡ
ȻʯϵİԵǧԣԶǿ߹ţһ㣬
ҲֻʣǣҲֻʣʵ
ʯ˵ǿֻд۾Ϊսɲʥǿߣ˵ʵǿ
ղǵ˺յĻȴǴ۾ô˵ѾÿֲˣֱǱ̬ˡ
۾ʱʯգ츳պ󲻳ưأˡ
һֱǫѷһ˵츳Լ˭ЩδıţҲûЩˣǣμʵıɽһ֮ʱо˲ࡣ
ţǰ㲻ʲôֻܸΧʯһʵĹ⻷£޹⡣
ͷֻ˲ʧˣɢһ˭ƥеĺ
ϣûţֻǿߣ
Щ֮ϵĴڣһǾ֮ţҲкܶʷĳ֮С
ֻǿ߲ſԻȥű㲻ţ
һ룬ȻʣҪģǳΪһǿߡ
ۣ֮ƥУ
䡭
˼еͻȻֲɱˣһѸ뿪ԭء
ͣ½Ųʱɻˡ
ΪɱģĿȴʯ
ֻǰѴʯûһɫľ޸Ӱʯ£ֲƣ·Ҫ롣
һܸоɱսҪǿһ㡣
ǱŭеɱʩչֲɱУʯϵİ˸ֻ֣ͷų˵ս⣬ɱ߷һ㣬ɳȥڰС
ɫ΢䣬һɱǰɻʵɱǺ⣿Ϊθʯȥ
ɱǷ·بŲϣʱȴ¶һɺȻ֮ɫվڱ㲻ڴˣ
ʱ֪ĸɣʯǿڴˣɱΪԣԹйٻµʯ
Ǻαأһ;ǧ裬ǲᣬеͨ޵ţǿᣬǱԼ⣬ʺθɣοǿ߽ڣҲԸɫȻӰӣɱĶУĬˡ
쿴ɱʱ̬ʱһ£ָŲԶʯһ;޾ľɱ֮гɳģǶǸľţȴڴˣΪǿߵĵʯһȻ·յǶ޷ɵԸԣֻ޵ľ⣬ÿˣֽΣ


421 ǿ
ʵ첢֪ЩǿΪҪڴˣֻΪ˰οɱ㽫ԼĿ˵˳Щǿԭ֮һҲԼĺ֮ԡ
ɱĻ󣬳ĬϢ죬Ҳһ;ϣһᶨƵȥ㣬һΪҵĵʯ
ɱ˵ʱ۾һЩʯɫŲмɫ΢䣬ǾͿӴûˣ
ſɣɱصȻɼμᶨ˵֮󣬱û죬ȥ
ĿԴɱıӰҲػӦû˿⡣
Ϣ֮ɱûӰ쿴һʮʯ̾һ漴ߣ͸©żᶨη
磬ȴŲɣ
һ䣬һҲȥ

䡭䡭
Ҫʱ򣬺Ȼ΢Ĵ
ɫ䣬˽Ų˼ּӿ˽Ųǰȥ
ƺֻɱˣղûĻײҲ˵ս
ɱ
˭ڴս
һЩ飿ˣ
һʹĽŲӿ˺ܶ࣬һ֮㵽
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ӰһһϮ£òӢ˷·һѷıһΨҶİԵ
һȴ෴˴һۣȫ·ںӰ˵ϢҰ죬˲
Ҳȷǲ壬ֻųۣ嶷еݣֻܵ߿ˡ
˵Ϣǳǿƺɱ֮ϡ
ȻԼһ
ظоǰֻ꣬ǶʮңȻѹƵ˻۷壬ԭȴ֮Ϊսǿ󣬴ʱƺǶ֡
ǸˣȻʵΪʱҲǻ۷壬ս˿ǰ
ɫ΢ӦѰһԵߣɱ¾þеߣԼһԵɺϣ
ǷоӺͲ֪ˡ
ΪһǴŵӣ
˵Ĵսܼң۷սͨսսɣս飬ϳˡ
һʵȻôͣǹĵüսĶһǺ۵߿һ죬˹˼ܡ
ǰһ죬һ˿мͿźˣһȽϺõϰˣΪֻǸ嶪
һɫ˲䣬Ҳ̫԰˰ɣȻԷʵսǿ첻Ϊ֮ս£һԼ
Է֮۷ΪռƣٴһС磬ɵػˡ
ʹˣģд˵ţԵɲΪʵǿͻήٵϣ˵ʥɽϵı֮Ҳһ˿˼죬Ϣɢ·Ĺһ㡣
ǰб۾һ죬ֿһɱֿ˺ˣ͸ˣҾõˣǻԵҵ𣿡
ˣȻݰͬһŶɱȤȤǺ˹Ц죬˫ںڰеһ㣬Ĺ⡣
ҵûʲô壬ֻԼΪҹˣʮĸ֣꿴һ죬ֽĿƵϣǵսûأӦЩϣɣ
ٺ٣ãսɣһЦһ˰ꡣ
ɫؿŰ꣬Ѿ˷Լɱ
˴ʱΪѹƵ۷壬ԼһĽնɱѹʧöԷָ֮۷ΪЩ鷳ˡ
֮ͬУģ޵еģ
ղĻˣɱҲǵˣΪոսɱΪϡ
ΪһţԼĽ裬ս˻ҪܣԣϽͷųս⡣
쿴һɱɱҲ˹ǲҪ֤һԼҪ˵ϣ
ͷȴǣ˵ϵζܣȭͷ˵ɣ
ã˭ɱϵսŨˣ꣬
һǺˣļһʲôؿһۼսĺˣ
Ҫһɣ˭ս˭ɱ
ãû˼
˵꣬һս
ԣĶֱǻǺˣɱǻӶɱ˰ꡣ
󵨣꿴ɱ˺ˣɱɱԼŭӭɱĹ
һѸٱܿĹɭȻЦϣҴҲڤϣҽʬɣ
˵꣬ͻȻֳһľ޴Ӱֻ˸Ѫ⣬ɭɭģֲ쳣˿ֱӳͬ޴ĺĻɢſֲ
⾳Ϣ
һǴ֮ϵĻ
ɫ΢䣬ȴûп־壬нֳһ˿˷ܡ
ܸԼһͬ߶Կ飬ԣսⰻȻޱ˷ܡ
ƣ
Ӱ֣ϽɫĹâú˺һȻƾճһֻʮɴСϽɫƣѹ˺˵ĳ䡣
䡭
һ֮˽ǺɣֲΧɳʯɽ˲γһֲУ˲ʧ
˼ȻսҵļƷʬˣջӣԼսƽһУȻ⣬
ȻĻٴһӹգ۳ԵһȭǺ˺
ȭ
һʮɴСϽɫȭӰϮƺûһ˿⣬˫һһĹͼУɢֲħ
ֻͼϽɫȭӰ׳˲䣬ͼʮɴСϽɫȭӰסˡ
ꡤڷƮȡ䣡
ֻ˿дʣ˷䣬ֻ˫ַɣһӡγһķģƮ졣

쿴ԷȻʩչ𾪲ѣһֹصķţɱΣʤܶʱ򣬶˿һֽ֮
ԼҲһǱǷڵľԣоͰֻǲͨԱгԡ
û뵽˾ȻǸ֣Щķ˲죬γһ޴ĹĻУǷͼᣬڵȭ֮󣬱ص˺С


422 ɭ
ɱȻԿһ֮󣬱ѸٷֿԵжЩȣƺԶֵʵЩ⡣
ֻǳһϢʱ䣬˵Ŀ㿴ͺˡ
ɱǵһμȻǺ治ѣȻǵһΪмϾϣֻʩѾ˲ˣ
Ȼ֪ɱ˵ʱ·һ㣬һȫµ磬·ǵһ㣬Ѫζڰ޹⣬ڷ˻𣬷·Ҫ˺顣
ͬʱƮѪ£ϣ·Ǳһ㡣
Ȼ棡ɫ䣬ֻЩ죬ѣ죬һ֮涇涇Ⱥ
ӡɣĬʷ䣬˲ʨӡ󡰅dգâһϵġ˲𣬽ؽ
޴ĽɫȻͷųҫ۵Ľ⣬˲佫ɫѪű
䡭
һ죬ǰĺɫĻ貵Ͻɫâų̫ͬһҫֲۣɢϵɰܡ
ȻˣĶеƺܼ
ģâɢȥͦڵɱ΢䣬۾΢Уָֻ˲мɫֻкˣ΢ЩޱȣãܺãȻҵܰҾͲˣ
ߣͿûбˣɫȻƺûн˷ʱѾ۷ıս״̬ǰĺ˲ͨߣ乥ֶι죬׽һСģ׹﷭
ȻľȻڶԷΪʤ֮һ
ǲʢǿ壬ҿʵ붫£ʱĴ˵ͬʱĿ⿴˰ꡣ
ϵ˶ף䡣Ϊİ궼Ϊ壬νһɽݶչֻһϣԣƵĶ档
ߣʱ٣ྺÿһĴĵˣԣҲƵĶ棬ϵ壬ɱ
ν࣬Ȼÿ˶ȴòϣԲûд
꣬ȻǸţͬǰǿߣһν˴ߣս龳ڣ綼ѹ˻۷壬طʹȻ˲֪ԭ
ֻ֪б֮ɻûԵˡ
첢ûô࣬Ϊֱϣĳ·ڴˣõĻԻò֥
ǿߣ⣬ǰ֮ս
ûмʶţһսȻ䣬֮¼ʵĻ
˵Ļɫ䣬ûп꣬ϲ⣬ңɣһȭ֮
˵ţͻȻһȭǴȭͰԵȻֱӽ˱ɡ
һУֻǾ棬ûɱ⣬ϵȫȫػɱ֣Щߵļһ֪ܴźܶ࣡
Ƶʯ򣬺̨ף̨ƺĿֻ꣬ƺҪ̨ײܿõվ·ʲôҲ
ðԵȭСӵȭɱҪǿЦһ
ƳһۣˣҲǸôһֻ϶ʰˣȻҸʵʧ
úúã˵˵ͻȻ󣬿죬СӣˣԹԳΪҵĿܰɣ
˵ֻ꣬һ˲ɣеͼ죬˲佫ɷΧͬʱ˫ַɣͣؽӡ
ɭϢ䣡
˲䣬ͼɢһɫĹâ·γһ磬УɱͰ˲ʧȥϢĸӦ
Щ죡꿴ź˺ӰԶʧصһ䣬漴ɱ壬Ǹ׳ƳΪū۰꣬ҵǿԿǷŹ㣡
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ıЩӲΪʯͷˣȲǧ򻯣ͬ飬ʱı黹ḻϷʵؿŰ꣬ʶ˵Ļʲô
⻰һɫˣ˭Ȼ֪ɱŻ֪ʵ¼ǰ͸
Ȼ԰Դ󣬵ûпʧԼȻ㣬Ϊȵùʡ
ɱ仰ȴǽɨˣЩ飬ȵи
ȻҾǳȫ㣡ͼ壬Ϊҵĵʯɣɱ¶ϵâ֣Ե˫ֳʵֱӻûһʮɳĻɫԪɱ
߱
ʮɵԪȼһ˲նɱֲޱȡɱȴû˿ĽţеʯһɫĹûһѾ޴ĸͷӭ˵Ԫ

˵ΪֹΪǿǿߣȻԷҲпǸˣǾˡ
֮սȻȫ֣Ǳѹ˾磬ȻҪӡ
Լԣ󣬶Էɭֲ׽·ڤһ㣬켸Ϊڤš
ʱ޾İ֮У·ǵȴսХѪ졣
Ϊϵɭ׼ѪɣϣһȻصڿУ׽ĳַ·Ǵ׽
üͷ΢޷׽ԴǶԼʶ㹻ţ컹ΪԼ˻þ
Ϊϵɭ׼Ѫɣϣ
ǵٴ컹˲չԼʶ޷׽ǹϢҲûа취ʶѹƵֻ̽ɷΧʱڶԷĽ֮УȻ޷ҵԷӰ١
ǺװŪνɭֻǷڹڤǲʵڹͲ֪ˡ
ȻǴڣվǰҲη塣
ҪװŪˣɣʶǰĺڰռ䣬ص
Ϊϵɭ׼Ѫɣϣ
ǵ·ĳͨ龳ߣĻᱻƻĸԸԲڴˡ
ǣ첻ͨˣ־㹻ᶨ²ɱʯͷĿɿǰգӣɭұڤ𣡴ɭСڤڴˣΪβݣ


423 սڤ
˻һΧĺڰռˣ޾İ˲ѪǰһɫӰԼڳ
ܺãǵһҵĹȫӰˣȻڲͬҪ֪ǶǼһҲг˲ٰһ֣ǳɳƣû֮ǰӦе
ǷҪ˵һ֮أ˵Ӱ֣ɫûκα仯ƽص
ȷôԳ԰һЦ
ƺ˵Ϊᣬɫ΢䣬ȴûһ˿ĸоãһսһֻһսûʲôͬƽûκθ飬ȴúϢɭˡ
ѧ֮ǰӦѧһܱ֤þһ㣡˷·ԵĻ꣬Ϣɭ䣬޾Ѫζ
쵫ɫ磬·ûԷĻƺûнԷУָ˵𣿡
ֻ³֣֣·ǵĶһ㡣
ϧұѧϰģֻǱĶˣƺ˻֮УŵĻ
ʲô£˵ԴһЩɻ󣬵ȴɭ䡣
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ѪȽΧ·ǺХһ㣬޾ɱӿ˲죬˵ӰͻȻŤðˣջΪɫӰÿһһģһڳѱΡ
ɭϢɱ
ŹһӰ·ȻĹⰵ仯Բ׽Ӱ˲ɱı󣬿ֲ⾳졣
һ˲䣬ƺ޾ʬɽʶ޾ɱ¾һĵ㣬пص
оԼҲǲԽȻŸ
ô£һĻþӰˣе˼ֹһ֮ʶҡҷɢΪŨ֮˲ɢ֮
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ȻֻǼϢʱ䣬оǵӰʧˣصԭվĵط죬ȻǡϢ㾹Ȼ֮ܣܣҲڤ޷֮һССΪλ֮
ɫĬȻĺɫӰ㼴֮ʱȴյ֮Ѥãǲߵ޵ˣ
ϣѪɭ޵ɣ˵ƺ仯Ĵ֮ǰľٶĬȻѾĵޣԣŭˡ
Ӱ˲仯ΪõùӰЯֲ֮ɱ졣
ɭ޹ɱ
ɫ΢䣬ԷйЩ£޾մ֮
˲תͻʮɽӰɢһɼΪŨ֮Ϣ
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ʮϢ֮󣬰궯ˣƶССһһߣһߵľ룬ƺΪѡ
ʯףÿһ㶼߸ߣ߿ɳʱڵһϣֻƶһ߶ľ룬нߵľ룬ſƵڶԡ
ʮϢȥˣٴƶˣһΣȻǰһ߲ľ룬ֱͦˣһ㡣

ɽƺз˵´ĳȴûзɢרע
Ϣ֮󣬰˵һȻǵ˵ڶʯǰһǰе൱ѣƺ˰޽ǵĺ顣
һ֮ԷΪܶ˶ģƺķΧ֮࣬ڰưˣѾ˺ܴķȡ
첻Ҷ룬ֻ֪ʯϵѹҲԱ֤Գܵס
ڶʯ׵ѶȣȻȵһҪѰٱԣĽŲ̧ϵļĹһ㡣

һ֮󣬰һϵȻͷųŻ̧ŵڶȥƺϹһСɽһ㣬ʮֳ
ԲѾŤˣҲû֮ǰӢiЩ鴤ͨޱȡ
ȻѾƴȫˣ
һȥˣżҪڶʯˣʱϰޱȣֻаĺ͹ؽڵŤ֮
䡭
ʮϢ֮󣬰ڴʯˣ˲һ£ֻʯ׺ʯ̨糣еķ·Ǽҡ
ʱ̤˵ڶʯףҽȴǻڵһϣԣϵڶס
ѾһֻţӦ˲ͬķѹȣڶֻű˺ܶࡣ
Ϣ֮󣬰˵ڶʯס
ʱ˲֮ǰôֹͣ˭Կܵ˿ֲѹ߰ͷ­ˣҲˡ
ಣ
ʱԶƷƮޱȡ
˲ع󣬽ǱӰأǲڤ˸۹⣬ƺЩӡ
Ȼʱϵؽˣѵðܿ죬Ӱͣ츽һվһŮһеĿ֮󣬲̾
ؽף
˵Ļ˲ץסһۣƺʯ̨ʯ׵йء
첻һŮаո˵Ǹòοΰһͷ­ɱߣһըԵļ⣬·һͷһ㡣
˵ľ޷͸Ϣ󣬵ѪȴǷǳʢ
²⣬ӦòߣȻͲῴ͸侳ˡ
ߣɽ֮ϣ綼ѹƵ˻۷壬壬ǱѹƵӦľ硣
һеȴߣ·һ׾ò㣬һµۣһ߶ȣȽȴǷǵĹâ
˴ʱľǻ۷壬֮̽󣬷ִ֮ڣϢȻǿûаտսʤԷ
ϵΨһŮӣɽΪҫ۵Ĵڣһۣչȵˣͤͤһ㡣
ŮȴһģȻ˾С
оŮѩ缫ΪƣòϢĸо
һߣ֮ڵԭ磬Ϣ
ڳѾа˸ˣ˸ˣ춼ǸĶţʵǿȻҪСˣǴֿӦý
ȻʱǸԴսһСУŲκˡɽϵѹʧ㲻ռˣЩǰϵĲΨһ㡣
ǿ߲ȻʱܵǵؽףǴ꿴Զڶʯϵİ꣬̾Ȼϵ̾ȴûһ˿·˵Ҳ
Ȼ己꣬ǰΪʢ壬Ȼ٣ؽѣȴǲʵǣ꿪ˣӰƽȶƺЩ
˵ĻͷԴ˸߿һ֣Լеߡ
ΪעĻ˵ĵؽס


428 ̨ͨ
ǺǣǿҲȻеţҲҪһ̨ͨǷд˵ʵǣǴһЦйâ˸һˣֻС϶ͣ˼Ϣ㽫ĿƵʯϡ
ǿڸյʱֻһСУΪܸоСеʵܵѹ
죬ǺˣƺԿ͸ԭһ㣬ȥǣ⵹ǰưûȥע
Ҳһ֮ߣûпĵط
츳ǿ󲻵ã
Ҳ⣬ΪͬΪ壬Ӧٴк쿴пޣ
ǿ֮أڶԿУƽʱоֹں
ǸŮӣĿɱͲڤͣһһСУһ˿ɻ󡣶죬Ǳˡ
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ղŴǴ껰в׽ĵڶʣ²Ӧʯ̨֡
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Свףһ죬һ˿ɻ;ȣֻعͷȥŰ꣬죬ʩ̨֪ͨ
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ŶôģСٶɻˣֲ׿һ죬
󣬲ģֻǼ򵥵ػشһ£ϸȥ˵ľǿҪʱ䡣
Сһ˿ɫƺʲô΢΢ͷʯ̨·ڸ̾ʲôӦʩԴ񣬾ȻǴһ·˵̫ʦ߹·һ·ݹ·Թ
ʲô˵ʲôСƺ̾ûɻѣ
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Ŷԭˣʱ׹ֲôѣ
ʵȻ̨ͨԭǿѰұĶԷǰ֣ĳһضʱʵ΢ҲԽ룬ǰƾҳɣСд
ضʱ䣿ڴ˴ɻ֮Уʵ
֮󣡡С۾΢Ű꣬Ȼƾǣֻܵϵؽף
ʱˡʯףǶߵһֿ飬ʱֻʤǿ߿Եϣʡֻڲ֮ضʱ䣬ʯϵѹЩѹƵ澳߲л̨ͨ
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ʩʯף·ֱΪ졢ءף˽Ϊɣؽ״֮ѣСпʯףԵģ˴ģһ壬ǾźʹߣʯױǽЩŻֵȼЩԵףЩȴ˽׶޷ϣ֮Ĳ࣡
С΢΢ͣ٣Ŀ⿴꣬ŵλʩʵǿ츳ʱԵϵؽףҲֹڴˣǰ޿ܣ
Ȼʱİ꣬ѾļƽˣϥҲɹΣǿ֧Լſ
˭Ȼ֧ŵڣʵѵãһҪú֮дһһ˿ȣϵս糱Ű꣬·һ㡣
ֻǰһۣӦŻߴĵӣأ򿼫ҿΪ൱㻹˼ҵĶ֣
ȻǿΪأ򿼫ʵ൱ʵǹģΪȻԿأ򿼫ʵȰǿһЩеĲʮ΢ʤսʮ첻ɡ
ô˵Ҳ壬Ȼ壬ϡ
أ򿼫һЦһ꣬Զ֪ʲô˼ҳʵǿ󣬼Ҳ£ǣʤһң
أ򿼫רʵǵİ꣬˽أ򿼫Ļû˾òʣǶϿɣ졣
ֻЩЦΪЩࡣ
أ򿼫޳ܼ޳ܣ
Ŵоֹ޳֮ˣռࡣ
㵹ţ⻰˵ɣҪѣԶԶͣڵؽϵİ꣬ص
Ȼ⻰о֮䷢սԶȴû˼ֻ˵ﻰѣȻǼٻϲ塣
ߣŰɣһһսģأ򿼫Ű꣬еսӿ֣ȻعͷСУһ˿أϵսȴǸŨˡ
壬ǰ֮飬ڲ־޵еǻ۵֧£ٲȻΪ˰һ壬Ϣ̾Ϊ̵ֹǣǧ򲻸С壬˰ϳǰСӣһǾţΪͲأأ򿼫ɨϵļ壬̾
СпᣬʵǳΪɲǿߣ嶼оѹǷ˼أ򿼫Ȼ³ʵΪϸģͷСУɫ䣬ȴǰԸ̾һŬΪһðҪеĶ֣վǿۣ֮
أ򿼫Էܵʱ˲ûһɲǵļǱСиӦˣߴ꣬Ҿӷʩ֪ĿתƶɮǺ⣿ĪƶɮϿ񼼲ɣ
أ򿼫һЦƺЩ˼Сһ֣е£
Саڰ֣һõɮ̬գʩˣС£ؽ黳
أ򿼫һֱ¶һЦݣȴǰ̰Сһ£Сἰģؽ黳ʲôʱ黳ˡ
ȴһɳ嶯Сдսһ·һ֮С֮󣬲ûϨ𣬷ȼյԽԽˡ
ٴСһ֣ѣԸһս
Сһ˿ɫ켴΢΢һЦ˫ֺʮӷƶɮǳˣĴԿգʩʧˣ
⻰һ˵Ͳڤˣɱʯĳʯ˶Си̲ѣ̫αˣСоһսӣһòȻӣƷŵĽɣһ׵ˮȥˡ
֣һ֮ƽһ£ϣѳȫأ򿼫ɫϿңϵսѾ۵۷ˣ·һ緢Ļɽ


429 
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ãлˣأ򿼫ЦСٴһ֣켴һڣָԶĿյأ룡
СĬʯϵİ꣬ҡҡͷ̾Ѱ
һһõӰӣ˲ԶϢ֮󣬱ͣ˰֮⣬һʯϣ̩Ȼ
ʱ򣬳˽ĿⶼСУʱأ򿼫ֻϲޱȣϵƶȻͷųһ㣬˫ۼ˲¡𣬷·һ㣬ǿ׳Ҫϵڼơ
ʱأ򿼫ȷŵأ򿼫Ҫ׳һȦͷƺҲһͷ˿ƥ
һأʯ˲һӣǽŵķһԾ𣬷·һֻܡ
䡭
أ򿼫ԾߣѸ£Сжʮɴ·һʯ䣬һضɽҡ
µĵطûбȥΧ֮⣬һֱһɰĻοӣ
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˭Կأ򿼫ʵò޹أȴϸ壬߳ҲǰϺá
һǸޣԶԶƱ˵أ򿼫̾ѣϧˣȴ壡
ǾŮӿԶһۣһ˿ɫ켴ĿƵأ򿼫Сϣص屾壬ֻǵǿˣзֿԳһѣ
ǰɱڲѰʱһڿЦԶ̾һΡ
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ǣܲܽǰնɱѾˡ
ܣ
ʱظܵϣֹһ㣬˵ǽ㣡
Ҳһսǵģ
ڤţ֮ǰһսʤѷ֣ѾʿͻȻгôǿߣܲʡ
٣ǿߣԺҲǡԣģδ

ŵע£ֵսĻһΪսܵѹǿߣһƺΪ˴ʱ䣬ȴ̨ͨʱ䵽
أ򿼫֮֮ϣʢѪʹĵһ㡣
ͭɫƤŵĹ羵һ㣬ֳüë罣бƣŭԲۣͦı촽ɫĳƮʹĵһ䡣
ս⣬սһ㣬಻أ򿼫˫ſչľÿһֶΪһ壬
ĺ绢
ÿһ߶ܸܵأ򿼫Ѿ𽥵۷ˣǺ̾һ£ǿս˴ʱ״̬ѹ
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Ϣ֮Χ۳һһɸߵ󶦵࣬Զޱȡ
ô£ôһڶأ
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⵽ʲôȻһڣ

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أ򿼫ھȻһڴ󶦣һ̫˼ˡ
ЩŴԴݸ߹󣬵ǣ˵ġ
أ򿼫ڵ󶦣춼ܵ鶦һϢ
һһǵȽײ͵
ǡĵ壿
Спأ򿼫ں󶦣뵽ǰŵ¡
ĵ壬Ϊϵ巨֮һҲʱˢΪ߼幦͵֮һ
͸ңսһҲΪս֮һҲѪзΪǿ֮һսԵ
ӵߣ;ǿ쳣ٸеĶ似սͬս塣
СϵЦݣԷʵǿһ壬һԼʵǿЩʱ벻ã˷սɴⰡ
СȴûηҲô󣬲֪ηΪ
ʮԶأ򿼫һţзתϵƻǧצȲҪɱСҲʼתĹ
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ֻСųҫ۵Ľ⣬»ûĽ࣬ƽӵһ㣬ׯϡ
Ҷµ߹ӽһĻ򣬿ԳɾͲ֮ҲѶá
СǴϻ۾ߣԡӽȻһĻȻʱûͲ񹦻壬ûбҪĶԷĹ
˫ֺʮ·ڵз𾭣峪ĽԵøΪҫۡ
أ۾΢΢ףȻ
һ˿ɫСԾƶԲӦ䡣
Ȼϵ˶ѽ״̬ѣأ򿼫ȶˡ
ǰһСһţֻ֮ͬڵһӰ
ʮɵľ˲䱻նϣգۼѵСһ⣬ֳȭȻһ㣬Ե쳣
ȭգʱСҲܵ˶ԷĿֲ۾ȻƽƶԷȭͷײһ
ڣ
һУȻ֮ǰս֮ʱʩչľв鶯쳣
ȭײûֿһʱڶ״̬ϵشŹԷ
Ϣ֮󣬶оȲϣͬʱֿһηֿսδֹֻͣأ򿼫ջȭͷޣɨСеԴ
һȣֲͬޱȣǿÿ˲ɢǣСȴǺη壬أ򿼫ɨȡ
ž
أ򿼫ĺ˾СеԴһ߰ʱСеѾص˶Էϣֱӽˣأ򿼫һΣѸջȣȻֺ߳
һʱ䣬˽أ򿼫󿪴ϣԵƥСԾƶ̩ɽ


430 ɽ
ٸغ֮󣬶ɲʤСһֻڱľ棬ȴ˿·磬أ򿼫ôֲĹǺ˽ࡣ
أ򿼫ӶĿֲȴûиСдκвΪСиǰռˡ
һռȨҲڳԿԣ˵սʤѷ֣ǣվԶսļﶼСмһ
ʱСкأ򿼫Ҳһʶ˵Ľսǳ죬ҲḻɼǾ˲ٵʵս
ţսʱظоϢһǰһﱼˣ
ȻʮϢ֮һӰӱ˳̨ͨĿȴͣڳϵĴս֮С
췽Ų׽ˣ˸ոտСкأ򿼫ս֮ʱ¶һ˿ɫ
һŸ֣
ҲԸܵӦ壬Ѫ֮ڲڤˣȷʵ޷ľ硣
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ΪȻ׳ȴһ׺ĸоദ
߽ˣɨһֿۣ˿ͣڵؽϷֿѹȵİ꣬һٴνĿƵսĶϡ
쿴˴һۣ𽥱䣬ΪղӶԷв׽һ˿ɱ
עٴαתˣԶһһ£磬ǳòͨͨ˵ϢҲû˿¶ġ
춼޷ʵΪ磬Ǳ죬ܻΪ塣
˵ٶȲȴȶһϢһĳߣǧɵľ룬ǳϵκһ˶ữһѸٷɹȴһһ·ͥŲգֻڰһ£ѸתƵսϡ
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ѾԴۡ

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ܲϣʵȴǰòϣԷʵ̫ǿˣҲԩ
ʮ֮δйܼأ򿼫˵һʱ仹Խܡ
ϱóĬۿߣû˷

أ򿼫һϵһ䣬ΪҪսʱ˫еͻȻʧˣ˲뵽֮С
ģأ򿼫ϵҲȥص˶ս֮ǰ״̬ĨȥǺ飬Сһ֣Ұˣ
ӷ𣡡
Сеͷֻ˫ֺʮһ£㲻ٶԡ
ʱ˲أ򿼫һ𾴣֮󣬻ڳϣֹƷԣȷֵ𾴡
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ǣأ򿼫ˣȴûĵκμԭľʱˡ
ʧܴʧܣӭľǿ顣


431 
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һ룬أ򿼫̾ѡ
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׺꣬۾΢Уֹһȴûд˵˶ˣǵĿȫƵϣɻбӣоȣȴûзŭ
أ򿼫ͷһۣɫ䣬·һ㣬תͷȥûˡ
£Ǵˣɫʱѿ֮еɱ˲ӿ֣أ򿼫ıӰ·Ҫ۹⽫̴
ˣǿ벻̣ͬΪţأ򿼫ԼȴԷˣһ衣
ãܺãţҼסˣһΣغ˳мԹ޺ߣκˣŭͷԼ޵ˣѾ˸ղأ򿼫ǿ
ʱ˵ĿٴƵϣһֵĿ⣬ϷʣЦá
أ򿼫ѾˣӶԷϵϢԸܵʵǿһ֣˵Ʒȴ˲ԴˣΪĶ֡
Ų̨ͨķȥһһɣϢ֮Ѿ֮ˣʱ˵ĿҲ̨ͨСѾصԣһһǳˣҲʮֲмġ
أ򿼫ʼնûԼ굱ŭһ˿ݣû˭ȥɣ
˵ֻ꣬˲ʧԭأֻһӰأľϮأ򿼫ĺ󱳡
ͻı仯˶˲䲶׽ˣ˶Ȼͷһ𾪵ؿżأ򿼫ϵȫ˱ġ
ǶҲ
ʥɽǲǳˣ˶ͨ
ҿүϹˣ˳ֱҵȣ

Ȼľٶ˳ϵһߣǶǸţԼĽʲôǶԷɱ֣ҲΪ߶͵Ϯ
ŵĳ裡
أ򿼫оϮľ磬˲һëȻĸоתȫһȭӭȥ
Һأ򿼫мʱȻԿԷʵСǺŭһȻСִæԣжһͣѸٳɱȥ
˵սĻȻأ򿼫ǿһʱȴѷʤԣ˵սǳҡ
Ȼ˿֪ʵȴеģⷽ汻ΪʵڲΪӦǴɱ¾߹ģ׺ݣأأ򿼫ʵǿ󣬿ֲ֧Ųʮغϡ
Спһһʽҡҡͷ̾һϧ츳ȴȵӲߵԶ
ѣʶ㣬֪һ壿һԶ۾ųսˣʵ
ϢòӦţСеĿҲǽ飬˼Ƭ̺󣬱
壬һ尡쵹ǲ˵壬ֻжٸ壬޴ӿЩЩ˵ĵطͳơ
ƽ˵İ壬˵һٸ壬һƣ˼ָе塣
ֻǴһЩ伮һЩƣǲ֪
Ҳǰее壬࣬ÿһǿǶСУ׳ǲϲ⣬ȴҲ⣬Ҫû
飬սǿһݵԣޱȣ
С˵ͬʱ΢·ʲôƵġ
СеĽܣȻݺԭģ⵹Ȥ£
ֻܻһ£ԣǿ϶ǾԵУȴһеȵȺɼսжֲ
УһּΪϡٵʣѵһΪ壡
ʣƫĻǼѪУҲĹߣжǶţ
С΢΢һ٣۾΢΢һһϢа죬Ӧ壡
ɫ΢䣬û뵽ȻټʣֲһΪôߡ
һһбͨˣԲãûʵĸ޷ˮƽġ
أ򿼫ս˽ٸغϣеŭɢͷһѹأ򿼫ǿӦô˳ˣǸոսսʱƣһһĻغУأ򿼫ˡ
･ЩţʵȴΪһǿߣӦأ򿼫Ķʱеš
һţսۿۣأ򿼫һƣ߷һ㣬߰ԶǰһɴЩǱ
أ򿼫ǱԶȵڵϣؿƽУһ衣
ܣüͷ΢壬СУһۣҡҡͷ˵
أ򿼫ԭŭ˲־һؿھţϵɱ糱ȭͷ߬ţɱˣôأ򿼫ǧˡ
ôأܣͳ˻ţźܲ
۾ɨϵһߣһЩеĲмŭֶһȻתеɱֱðһԶ죬ǶԷƽо˸أ򿼫һ裬ԣ㽫еŭйϣΪԭ磬ʮ͵ġ
ȥɣ
ûκɣֻΪйֻΪʰԼĺͽԣŭתƵϣȭͷͬһ㣬ײбŰһɱ


꣡

Χһ߼˾ԶȻгԹĲڤʮֲм
ʱȫŭߵ״̬ȻһȻǿޱȡ
Ҫһɱ죬ԼţǣһĲһǸС꣬Ĳƽسˣٶȼ죬Ǻ
䡭
ֻȭͷײһһһûзľ죬ѵĶ
һ㶣챻ʮɻǱ˲ĳ沢ûг֣ԼȭͷЩʹ
һϢ֮˲ֿ챻֮Զȵڵϣ
ǱɶԶȴЩǱȭƺ˹ѣһεκںɫѪ
ɫʱüΪѿѾΣȻˣѾһ֮ȥӰ


432 ŵ
ܸأ򿼫ҲͰˣȻĵ;ϳ˿ǲܵ顣
ΧߣԶˣǺļˣǶĴڣһ֮ߣֻòŻûʸۡ
ȻǴʱŷ֣꾹Ȼ˵ǿǿͿֲĹһ˵
Ȼʵƫߣɳ˿˵ǰˡ
ݵʱܸˣ
ǿôߣأ򿼫Ӱ
Īߣһ𾪣Ŀⶢȭͷֹ
ӦǰɣǾŮӿ죬һ˿ɫҲֲ̫˰ɣղҶûиоǿҵԪѲʻѪ
ܰɣֲ֮ܿǿߣҲңǾЩͣСˣȵѹʧˣ¾鷳ˣԶ̾һ֪ʲô
ɣŮһ㲻ٶԡ
ԽԶĵطǸȴɫƽƺղŵһвûмеĲֻǱѣ췽ŵһ
嶼һ˵ô°Ϊ˵͵ľ磬ӵֲĪǺһһѪ
ģüͷ΢΢ĺһӵһѪǿδ·ϵһС
ҰβκˣδҵģҵĶǣŰɣ
¶ģյǷһˣ縺ϣ֮ۡ

۾ؿԵγѪˣϵƲϵر仯ţЩңɼѾŭʧȥǡ
ֵ˽ԭˣѪǼǿģ˺׸
ʲô֣Ϣ֮۾΢Уɱڲصͷų죬
쵭ؿһЩЦЩ֣ˣجߵһأ
ȻԷˣҲû˿η壬죡
ƽ·ħһ㣬Щ󵽵ߣּϡ
죿ãܺãض죬˲Ҫ
쵭ؿһۣ·˶Էв仰ղ˵ˣһվ
һϵ߶̾ԣֱһϹеԣʼգƽȻ·ͷ羰һ㡣
㡭ãȻͲҪˣɭ䣬ÿһ仰һѽͷһĶ⣬Լϡ
һӵҲٶԣ˲ڿնռָһѹצǹУɢѪȵϢ
ӦһױУ˳ײһɫùצָޱȣĹ⣬һʮаĸо
Ѹ߽ױУȴǺ䣬ϢΣעеʱַ·һ㡣
Ӹ£ɱڵؿ죬ɭɭصϣҪڤצȥ֮Ѫ׼ɣ΢ϣɱ֮ŭ
ֻֽڤצбϵƻ۵۷״̬Ȼ¡
ɫ΢Ϊ־߶ԷǿˣΪԷƺŭŸյ˶೤ʱ䣬Σȴš΢ϡˣֻһ³Ǳ
һǹ˲Уֲɱɢӿ
ɱˣԣһʼʩչɱ¾⾳ɱģҪɱҪģҪھͿ־
񣡡
һأ˲ɱÿһëÿһϢ·𶼺ɱ¾֮ΧĹ߲ɫء
ÿֲɱ˼ֱһɱ񣡡Զֲܵ׵ɱȻ
۷ɱ¾⾳˲̫ã»һأ򿼫ѾվԶ;ŮԣɫƽȴǼӿĳ̫ˡ
һԶɫ΢䣬أ򿼫˵һȻ֪Ǵһ磬ʹ̶ȵ߼Ϊľ磬Ҳ⾳ѾҪ۷ԲˣǾһңԶأ򿼫һ˵ɻôţҲֵʮճͷҪһ²ʵ
ôأ򿼫ûشԶ⣬ǿԱߵľŮӣ
Ůӿսһ죬΢΢˼Ƭ̣漴ҡҡͷֵĿһ£Ȼǿɱ¾⾳ԲˣҪԽһңԶ
أ򿼫ûм˵ֻǵͷȻſڣɱ¾⾳۷ӢǰˣûһģϢë̺ɱ¾ϢһʬɽѪгɳģҼţܿһ
ԶͱһĬˣûлػȴ֣һʮ±˰ߣǸŰ
ûеЩǿߣҲ츳ɣλǧŵʣӦʱѾ½ˡ
οǹգսƥİȻɱͷһ
һɱ¾⾳Բ߰Ǵˣ
ƺ˳˼֮У¶˵Цݣĵ벻ɣҾȻһɱ¾⾳һߣҲǶһ޶ˣ
ƺԵĳһ˵һһŸ֡
ɱ¾⾳սӹɵģ˷ޣ˭Ҫ򣬿ϧҪԵһ˵־仯
СڸղŸܵƥɱ֮ʱͷҲһ˫ֺʮӷʩɱ̫ˣĪ޽ɣȻôһɷأ
ֻǣԳӰ֮ʱɫ䣬һϽ֮ϵӰȻ󣬶ǰһ貵ġd֣Ȼﲻеְ֣ģôӷҶգ
ֻǣ仰޷Ȼһʣν֣
ʱѾûȥעˣڿ֧ţҪѾˣʱɫѾͨˣǲ԰ףƺЩѡ
һεεĺ£ʯϣ˲ϢЩңҧݣҪǰһһһУԸΥ޷
һǰĻпܱʯϵѹѹ


433 
һһصֿʯϵѹ֪ԶʯϷʲôҲ֪˼ţҲ֪ǿġ
ǣһ鲻䣬츳֮һΪδס
ʱİƺѾ˲ǰСУĹԵš
ǵǲΣǴ粽Σʱδ̨ͨʱ䣬ܵǵؽף㲻ǿǰҲˣҺαôأʵڼֲס뿪УҲ˵ңֻĽķݶ겻Ұο

ڤ񹦡ڤ֮ŭ
˫ֽڤצһ㣬תԽԽ죬󼸽һУԪͷţγһƬİķ籩ΧĿѹȥƲɵ
Χ߽ɫһͣһо񼼣ϢǸоΣա
ڰյ죬ȴ˿壬ǹйע㹻ٴʩչͬʱ֮ǹһǣɱ¾֮ǿֲķ籩
һ״γԽ֮ںһ𣬿ԽԵУ߳ʵ֡
ﬡ
ǹһеƣصײڷ籩ϣһ֣Ƿ籩ƶ赲νֳ
ǹʶĿ£·һ㣬ոͣ˹Ľ֮ʱûʮɵǹһࡣ
ʲô似ô˹죿ʧɫڤצѸٺǰԪ˲ţǹϮյԵƥײڤצǹ֮ϣһ̶Ľײɿֲ˲ɢӿܣֱӱɣǹǱɣصС
ǡ֮οʩչ˾ļ̾һ֮ƺʧǧ꣬ôϳأѲǸĵӣ
һ룬ζپ˼άңǸƺͱˣӦûеӰĪҴĵӣ
һʣʱ޷֪𰸵ģЩǹʱǣ̫࣬һô֪أ
֮ţȻϲʲô
ΪģսȻԲһ㣬޷Ӧ䣬Լ˵ļʡ
ŭҲĽѧּǾԻһ¥ѷ֡
ʲô似̰ʹ£ʱ˶꣬Ķ֣˵С
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֮첻ûлشԼ⣬һԲɱߵؼҪˣŭһҪ
˱ٴսһȻԵӣʵȷʵǿֶĶ࣬»ѷԷһ
սӸտʼļսת빥ս˵ľ޴󣬽ս˭̬ȶ˭ƣʱôʤ˭ģ
ɣĸ̬ʧȥ˶ʤƿأļ̲ΣʹʤץС
˶ڼƣ״̬Ԫľ޴
罣棬µ˶ԷԼһǣԼϵƣǲҲȡʤɱ
ʣһǹٴзɣһϽɫǹ
񣡡
󾪣תԪѪעڤצ֮Уɱǹȥ
ľ޴˵һζײûмĶһ֮˺ɣڵϣɫûж仯ҲǵɣڵϣֻɫЩ԰ףЩҡΡ
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һ´ϲԷԪľȻѾ޷ǿĹˣ⻹һѵõĻᣬɲŹὫ֮նɱٺò
ԣ˲ƶû֧֣ٶȴһߣȴǿܶࡣ
ǹɱ¾⾳·ɱˣʱһ˿־塣
ˣ
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ˣЩȣٶȺܿ죬Ϣʱ嵽ǰǹȻ̳
ļ֮£ڤצǰԵֵǹĹ
ﬡ
ҡεα˽ʮɣǱصڵϣڤצҲ֣ǰֲֻţȻǱֲˡ
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ˣˣ
ȻھһԶʱǹٴɱ
ˡ䡭
ʱʥɽһ̨ͨһһ׹ⷺ𣬵ؽϵİ˲䱻ˣʮ֮⣬˰ڳһ֣ſڵϣǱ
ʧˣ
ǽʧˣ
йս˱⶯Ҫֵ죬Ҳͣ˶֪걻ɵʱ֪ô£תᣬѾԶԶض㿪ԼҷһЩҩ
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ǶԷֱתСԣɫ̹ȻͬʱһѸתգȱʧ
ûٴնɱԼһ켴ɫг޾Թ޺Ͷ
һҪ㣬ţļˣ׽ˣҶŹԶ죬š
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ˣСйһݣ
ʩǫˣƶɮԷ飬ʩѾױˣСβû¶Цɫһ
ҡҡͷǿױоͺˣҴʱȻǿ󣬵ǻˣҲ֪ʹֻ˶ѣ
ӷ㣬ʩд֮˰˵Ե̨ͨСи̾
Ŀȥ̨ͨһİ͸ĿעӵڵϴŴָʵİ֮ʱо˵֮ѣɵظ̾˽ͨ죬֪ͨжѣһǰ·ã


434 ŵĽ
һȫƾ춨ǸԴϡͨʵҲһԵ̨ͨСҡҡͷ̾ѣָԶıֺϿյһУЩǸţǵʵѾҪﵽ˵еǸˣһ
СеĻͷһ𣬲ʧѣ˵ЩУЩǰˣ
ӦǵģҷжԴ̵оǰҲۿЩЩߵִγɣάʥɽ겻̨ͨõתСɫ
ĬˣԭȣΪ˵ǰγɵģȴô£ʲô飬Ծڴˣ׸ʥɽ׸
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ѣЩԾǰһЩǰûԾǺܿ뿪طΪʯϿҲУ콫ͷɻ˳ϣСпԸ𰸡
С΢΢˼һҲҲ²ӦΪ˽һЩʹãڴˣҲЩԾǰϾЩȡʢǰֵ𾴵ģ
£ˣСǷʵϿˣɵöЩ㼣ǰ̾һ
꾭˶ݵϢԪָһЩɫҲָ֮ǰתֳֶˣһɫƺЩм֮⣬˵ûʲôʾεǽʧܣ˲ûоʧܡ
Ի澳ϵؽףʮѵˣû˸ҳЦҲûɳЦ٣м˶Ĵ澴η
λ̨ͨ㹻ʱ䣬λѵ˵ؽףһԻ澳ʯ׵ߣɼʵ츳ôˣҲһԣҲǶʵ츳һּ飡ʱԶվ˳һ֣
һ˼⽨鲻ҲĶˣνĴԿյСУҲЦݣĳ֮ˣһǰ֤Լߡ
ã
ͬ⣡
޳ɣ
뷨

Ƭ̺󣬼ҶͬԶĽ飬ÿ˶ս⣬ԾԾԣǸ֮Ľ㿪ʼĻ
Զ·ⳡ˾ǣŰλţһЦλ
һۣƺһԣȴҲõ顣
Զ˰һۣע⵽˵ľֹʱ΢΢һЦûԣΣ
һҲû룬ԶͷͬԶĽ顣
лλãԶһ֣Ȼת̨ͨȥ
ڵϣһߵתָһҲעԶ
ԶʵȰҪһ֣һ֮۷壬һ֮кڣϸ΢Ĳ࣬չֳʵǲͬġ
ҶԲ²⵽ԶߵñȰԶ˻²ܷϵؽס
ȻСпֻҪõĻ˵ԶȰҪߵԶ
ֻԶ˽ǰͣ˽ŲԵصһϢ˵һ˽ס
ˡ
ʱһʥɽһ˲ҡΣطҲ˲ңȻָֻ
Զŵ˽֮󣬱оһѹɫ䣬̧ҽţȫȫ˽ס
ʱԶоһɽƾճ֣ѹϣһ˲䣬λζһ£Եһ£ͦš
ѾתԪʼʯϵѹԿ
һӺԶƶ˵ؽǰʱϵѹֲ֮ƺҪĹͷѹ飬üͷȫֿţҪϵؽס
ѹֲ̫һʱԶԵϵؽס
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ؽϵѹȻҪ˽׿ֲֻһֻŲڵؽϣѹϢ
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ۿɫרע쵹ԵõȻɫƺԶϵؽףк
һͲмĵﻹԶǽʧܣǸԶϵؽ׵ʱ˲һɱ⡣
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뷨
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ţҲͬУСеͷ֮󣬱㲻˵
һӶһԶڵ˼ޣб̨ͨ˳״̬ҪȰúܶ࣬ûаߵԶĴľ롣
ߵѾܲˣϾϵڰꡣ
꣬ȷʵҪǿΪڵؽϿǼʱ֮ãԣʵѵá
ԶվöҩȻƽϢһϢ˱ȭλƴȫֻߵˣ֪λԣ
ʱһۣɱͱͬʱվ˳һۣ˿ûáɱĻһñģǣʯ壬ûнӴǫõǽԣԶıһԲվš
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ûж룬ֱһ˽ףſռ𶯣˼ƶҽţȫ˽ס
Ϊʯˣ·ʯϵѹûаԶͨ죬¡ȻƴӴݣʵܵѹɲСֻ޷ֳѡ
һӺɱ㵽˵ؽǰȻֻһʱ䣬ص˵ؽס
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ʱЩ֪ɱʵˣԶ¶֮ɫΪǶˣ⻹һԶǿꡣ
΢ɱȶȻԷսȻһսʤԼɱǿΪûʹ
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λʯ˵ѹȻĳյĳɾͿºֲܿСпɱصԭλ


435 
ȷʵǿֻǴδʶһЩѣڴ½϶ߣöãһֲĴڣͷСеĻΪϿɡ
ŸУɱΪ˽ģֻĴսɱ츳
˵ɱδ
ɱλ󣬲Զѻã˳˻˽ףʣСкɱ֮⣬˶һ˲
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Ϊģűˣ΢΢һһ˿֮ɫ۾ͣǻڱزβ֮䡣
λŮʩǲɣĪǴ˵еı壿Сд˱£ɻ
ᣬͨˣǳ϶ߣĻȻȻС
ѣй˽⣿ٴһʣȻǲŹѧϰĻᣬϣԴСõĴ𰸡
СҡҡͷȻֵͷɻѣ⵽˽أǲ˽⣿
ӷƶɮȻ˽壬ȴ֪֮٣ʩƶɮԽ˵һСпɫ仯΢Цŵ
Ը꣡ͷ
ʱ򣬱Ѿʼǽˣˣֻһ˽ף˫ͬʱʯˡ
˽ϵʱ򣬱ܵѹӰͷų˱Ϣֿʯϵѹһƶ
СпűӰص壬һּΪϡٵʣ϶ɣȻҲ˺ɵģȴҪķѺܶҪֲܿĿѼ尾
ŮϣʣǳʺԵĹ似ҵɣԺ֮󼰵򣡡
ɣӵбˣеţΪྺЩ뺮йص
ˣɳ֮ÿһǸʱһǿվ۷壡
См򵥵Ľܣ࣬ЩԱ岻˽˽ٵߣҲϸţḻԼ
壬ʣĺͰɣǳɳ֮˭ƥУ
˵Ŀⶼ˽ϵǵӰĽ֮⣬аĽ
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Ȼ̾ʣȴûκҪõ뷨ֻԶأ򿼫˰Ľһ̰ڲڤ飬ѷ֣һ˫ӣǳһ
һӺ󣬱ڵ˵ؽףڳϵļˣһ㣬ȴǿޱȣ֧ǰֺ
һӹȥˣɱλãƺļޡ
һյ󣬱޷ˣͣ˰λã޷ʯ׵ѹ̨ͨȥˡ
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صʱ绨һ㣬䣬ӯߵİĽ֮ģǰ漸ǱأѩһƮ㡣
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ʱѾԶ˵ڤһڵϻһӰ˲㵽˽ǰ
ҲûԶɱһزʯ׶ϣǸһһ˽ױԵȻŵؽ
ʱ󣬲ڤͣ˿ĵطȻǲ꣬Ǹһʱ䣬˵Դﵽĳ̶ȡ
ڤصָʵȫͶĺĿ⡣
صĵһߵĳ̶ȣš
ҪסˣԺ·ϣ˻һС
ڤ֮󣬱㿴أ򿼫һԾֱʯǰԶһһһǿʯ׵ѹѹ
ʱ̨ͨ˳˵ĿͣյλãȰһ硣
𺳣
죬С֮⣬˽ԶһĽʺޡ
ǰ꣬һ˫ؿ£ﾹȻ˱ǿһֹһ
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ͷûȥأ򿼫һˣеɱԹ˸żԳһ˿־塣Ҫ֪ĵһˣأ򿼫
Сֻǵͷ˵أ򿼫޷ߵһǲŽϡء
Ϣ֮󣬻οһСУ˲ûж˼Ҳûж룬ʯȥ
ʱһ˫֮⣬ʵͨȫһˡ
ĽŲȣҲܻ˿·ɢ֮
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СпŰλ˽ףһ˿ɫ
ҲעŰΣû˻ΪǸˣԣ磡
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һ֮㵽˵ؽǰһ⡣
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һҲɣ׻ǻ
ÿ˵񶼲ͬ뷨ڸԵԺ﷭ӿ
һӺ󣬲ͣأ򿼫һĸ߶ȣоƥе˼ֱӺˣ̨ͨأȵڵ棬صԼλá
ϷǳİֻмԼ١εı֣˴˵Ȼߵأ򿼫һĳ̶ȣûƴȫǰУͺ˵׻ܲٶǰһһ
˿Ǳʵ
ɫ˲﷢һУѳ޷ƿˣΪǵĸ߰һһεر˲ڽ¡
ʣޣЩսǿ󣬱츳ߵţ·Ӷҫ


436 
˶˳˼ߣһһֲ·ذ
ʱСվʵǿģ츳Ҳǰμģʵ˾˴սҪʱָԣŻʱ
ӷ𣡡СжŰ˫ֺʮҾ
΢΢ףԻӦ㿴СнŲȽʯ׻ȥ
СվʯǰĿȥһɸߵʯ̨ȴǱȵ컹ѣɵп
ӷ𣡡Сж̨ͨһݣȻһֲߴ𣺡ʯףɷͨ죿
·ը죬ŭǧڶ
֮ȻһȴԼĽʨӺǰɱǶһɺͺ졣
еһڣƺǷҵ
ĪǴ֮еġԡ
Ȼ뵽ԼĶķУֹ֣ءȡ䡢ˡ֣ÿһֶ̺ǿķϣľħ
ղСеУ̺˵һ֡ҽ֮ںУɼСжճ̶ж
ԼҲӽʨӺһġȣ˼¡
˵ƣƶû
εҡҡͷ
֮СеĺȻȻɫֻǴδʶСǶս֮ʱԷʩչôǵİʽӼ֡
Ƿֻƴ𣿹Ȼ۽簡οԶȻɬӰȻ̾Ի
ҲҲ߸µĲڤСе֮ʱ̾
أ򿼫ɫ䣬ĬƬ֮󣬱̾ȵȻµĹҲֻŻᴴ̾ѻף

С˽֮ǰ·ڵȴ̨ͨĻӦǧһ
ʯȴƽûκηӦ·˵ֻʯף飬Ļ˵
ǣСȴֻ֣Ǵײķ˫ϣʮȵʯףɷͨ죿
СԡԺ֮ǰİ˸֣ΣϵŲȥǿɻСڸʲôΪҪ
Ū飬ѵ̨ͨشɣ¶һ˿ϷʵЦݣɭɭص
ԱߵûΪƷ⣬ûԸ˵⣬˵ǻš
С̨ͨӦĪӳˣ
⻰ֻװǲΪСӳˣС־ߣΪȻԭģԣóĬȴ𰸵ĵ
СеĵڶηʣʯȻûлӦһƽվԶЦ·ڿһЦ
Ƭ֮СϷ˴ݲеĽ⣬ͬһֽΧʮɷΧܣһЩޱȵĺɫת·һ˿һ㣬
ĽŲڴǰ˼֣Ҫ˽ˡʱֻٴ˰˸֣ʯףɷͨ죿
ǰ˸֣ȴԡʳģԵһԡˡֶġ
һΣҪǰλҪƴкпֲĹֻ̨ͨ˵˲䷺һɫĹĻʯ̨Χֻʯװʯ̨¡
˲䣬ɫ䣬Ÿ˵ټ󳡵أ
ô£
ô
ĪǴ󲻳ɣ
Ļʲô

ҲֻԵɣҡҡͷ̾ԭˣҲ
һ˿ɫȻʣСеľٶ
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ʵҪҲǺѣֻҪǿ̨ͨ󷨾ͻУֵƻ
СԹһΪ˼󷨣һΪʾԼʵ
СУѧҫҡҡͷֹ
ɫĹĻͷ·ǳıһ㡣
С˽֮ǰϵĽ⽥䵭˿ʮְꡣ
زʯ֮ϣʱ̨֮ͨǰһʹռ䶼ֻһͨĹĻԲһ¶ѡ
ţҽҲ뿪˵棬ʯϡ
ʱ˶ȫȫ˽ף˲䣬̨ͨϵİĻҲһ£ʯϿտӿ·ѹһ㡣
СɷŵĽ⣬Ȼܵ˸һѹ޷ֹǰĲһ㣬㵽˵ؽ֮ǰ
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һ֮˵ؽףʱɱֱʱȴɽһ㣬ʯ֮ϡ
ʯϵѹֲ֮ûǰһܵѹǷġ
һ֮СеҪʱѾҪλˣûԳһ˿ƣ
һӹȥˣСеĸˣʱѾβˡ
ٹһӣɢȥĽ⣬Զ˳ؽףλã˰һ硣
˶Ĭˣһ޻˵ĽʺޣҲֻ
һĿ£бһŭȴ޷й
СлصԼλ֮ʱ˵ĿͣʮϢ˱㽫ĿƵϡ
һϣѾȫȻָˣûҪ˼
˳ԶԶصһۣеɱ˿Σһ̨ͨȥ
꣬˶ı֮Աǣ˱֮⣬ǲм
ǿѾʧȥ۵ʸ
ʯǰ⿴ʯףֹһȺߵؽױ㻶ϲޱȣߵףǣ
˵ͬʱϴŵǸµķġ
һԵֿһЩطѹΪԼԵףЩм̨µǾŸˡ
Զһһӡ̤ʯףǷ·Ūһ㣬λζһӰ˲˽ϡ
ţô£бôôѹ̤˽֮ʱǿֲѹѹһǿɾܴˣӦѸסΣֹӦԭѹͺܴ󣬱֮ҲĿֲ
ղôһ˲ĲţҰο֮泩ˣԼ֮ʱĿɿڴĳ


437 ʯ֮
СӣһҪûٵʯף޺޵ţ΢̣¶аЦݣ֮
ĽŲϿ죬һ㲻Ѿ˵ؽǰСеٶȻҪ졣
һ£ǰеٶȱʵдգΪߵԶһЩ֮ǰ˶ǺܻǰУԶĵط
С㹻ֲʵԣ˼ɣǰľٶ֪ı֣˿ҡҡͷ̾
еؽǰʱȻоǰطͷϵž޴Ĳ죬ֶѹԤҲЩ仯
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üͷչΪοԼģԭܱҪֲɡ
ʱٶȺˣ֮ǰһķһЩԪǰУʱ򣬼ǺķԪҲﲻ֮ǰٶȡ
Ӻڵ˵ؽףһϵؽףǿֲѹ˲ǿ·һɽֻŸղʯףоһɿֲޱȵ˲ϮûվȵֱӱˣһӵʮԶһƨɵڵϣˤúء
˿һУûгЦֻԲм񡣶ɫѿ֮ߺޱȣ˫ĿγѪվһһˣ˵ϣûעźһЩ켴һ룬ƺˣһɱӿͷһĿ졣
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üͷ΢ȴɻѣֱ̨ͨ仯֪룬˼֮Ȼҽţȫȫվ˽ϡ
ˡ
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һ㣬Ҳ첻֪ģǱյ˽Եѹڵؽѹһֲ
Ȼ뵽һ㣬Ȼʯ׵ı仯ԤϣƺûаЭ˼
ŵױסһ㣬Щϲʩչ˴⾳ԼȫȻ˲䣬ŵµǹʧӰ١
ֻܵѹһֱǿš
컺ƶţÿƶһ磬Ҫʱ䣬ƺǵǽʱġ
һӹȥˣƶ˲һߵľ룬˿졣
ˣܵˣҪΪʤҾ˲ˣһߵľ붼Ҫôʱ䣬ҲΪţʱЦɭɭص
Ȼͳȴޱȵش˶У꣬˶һɻӴЩĻǳϲ𽥱䡣
԰ʩʵӦñһҪаž޴ƵģСüͷ΢΢̾
ҲǣһǿʵǽĳЩ˴Ǳ˵Ӧòôأ򿼫ǳĻ˵꣬˵ĵͷ֮⣬ȴһԹ޺
ʵûɳĮ̄ͨı仯йأĬɳƵҲĻ
ڵأһ۲񣬳ɱ⣬Ϸʡ

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Сдʱվʯϣ»ᱻ˲䵯ɡ
Ӻ꣬ȫ¡ͷų˿ֲظֳ˽Ӱ
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ոշһ˲࣬ţôܣģߵôɣ
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һ߰ľ룬ͯһ൱ڵɽϰ
ǣһξ룬ȴˣ·ڸˣû
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˸ղŷһУ֪Լãѹɢˣߵ졣
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ֻŲس˰λãųԽأ򿼫ȻǰΣ󵽴Сеλãͣ΢΢һǰ
ڵؽվ˰֮󣬱㻺˺˲ʯףصԭλá


438 ̨ͨ
ľٶ֮⣬ƾֶ˼ɻ
ǰ״̬ǰһ߶û⣬͸ǽһ㣬ͣ½ŲȻɵػصУһǵ롣
ص֮ûȥ˵ķӦŸղ̨ͨı仯
˵ϵʱ̨ͨķӦСƺǵϵʱ̨ͨ·˴һ㣬һЩı仯
Щͷԣδ֪Ĺ仯˵ֲ
ӷʩղ̨ͨǲЩһСпصԣлعʵ
ͷҲ֪ǵϵʱʲôоƺͬ
ҲоЩ죡СɫƽȴǺɣһ̫ˣӰ̨ͨĿǾд鷳ˡ
Ҳ̨ͨı仯ǵĻȻ֮С
ǻعʱ򣬳Ͱ꣬˶żֳ羴Ŀ⡣
ǿĶ֣һ¡
ĵѣǲѣһ˰лдһأ򿼫վڲԶĵطЦ
ͷƽصã
Ҳǰһ죬°ΣҲϣдһ
쿴˰һۣһ˿ɫţһڣԺеǻᣡ
ͬ⡣
ı֣Ѿ̵ӡ
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꣬ƽ࣬ԿĲƽˡ
ı֣ĵĽϺݺݵزһš
һڼΪŵоԼʱӹһ㣬ۡ
ǰֻҪ˲֣ߵǳһӵ硣
ڰľӢǰҫһأǱһ;߸ġ
ܷŭ
ҪɱˣҪǸĹâɱҪŶԷʬǵ߱
Űɣ죬һὫʬΣ
š
ڤ΢΢̾һȻԹ֪Ϊ⣬עǵˡ
һĶ֣Ҵµ

ѣ̨ͨʱܿС˰֮첻ʵĿǰ⣬²졣
ӷʩĪžˣò˼죡С΢΢һЦ
һͷ΢΢һ̾㲻ȥ⣬ʼСڵ伮Լ½ϵһЩŵ¡
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һʱʥɽȻһ֮յɫԭȵĻɫرεɫһſǳΪҫۡ
ѣȫĿ̨ͨ
ֻʱ̨ͨǵͨİɫĻ𽥱ɫзת
ʯף沼˹ķģϲ·üʯͷ̳Եúֲܴڡ
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ײĻʱתٶ˲طֲγһεſ
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ʱһȽųǰ·ƿţԵ졣
˼ҪȥȴԱߵͬʱָָף˲̻⡣
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ʱϵĽɫѸٳ𣬻һǵУʧˣڴʱƬɫĹĻɫˣ滹е⣬һһģеǳ
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ӦÿʼˣνŹĻϵţֻǵͷȴûǰƶֺ
ȿ˵СпˣɫΪأ״οֱ顣
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Žʵˣ֮ǰá
֪һӹȥˣȻûб仯СвſˣӣӦǿˣȥưɣ
˵ţ˲ǵȥ
˼һ
ʱʯϣȻѹЩѹָʾ谭ǵǰٶȣֹǰС
ϵѹԭ˽ϵѹһǵʵߵǰûжѡ
ǰʯ̨ճһЩطվʮ˴´ࡣСпǰĴţͷһˣλؽţԵǴеĿĵأ֪һλȽȥ
һ˳ĬˣȻ뵽ǸĿĵأǣ˭֪ʲôΣգһʱ䣬˵ǲȽ
쵹ν㳢ԵʱСֿˣȻλԥôƶɮͲˣƶɮΪλ򿪴ţ·
˵꣬СеһЦ켴תһ㵽ǰȻš
䡭
СתȫŽŴһһͨķ϶ͣƺԪļ
ֱͣŲ˷϶֮У˲ʧӰһ˿Ϣûˡ
ɫһͣȴûһǰУΪСϢʧ˷֮ġ
Ϣ֮󣬰ǰһ絽ǰɣᲽ̤϶֮У˲ʧӰ١
ʱ򣬰Ҳ˽Ųûж룬ҲһС
ţڤҲУȻɱأ򿼫Զ
һĿϵֶ϶ͣһ˶֮ʱתһǰ
ŲոմĹӰá¡¡ƺƴ
ţ㿴߶һķ϶𽥱ȴŻд򿪡
ջ˽ŲſȫˣֻŨŨ
ʱյɫˣ˾ŲʵϼʱϹ˸Ѥޱȡ
ţ֮ɾá
󣬱㿴Ͻ˾Ųʻ䣬ֳһƬ


439 ̨ͨ
ϼ죬컨׹
ѵһף
⣬һУɱ¾þҲ֮УЩ׺бޣʱڵأϵɢȥʱıޡ
ڻþæµĸߣϵɱ˲ʧŰҲ˲ƽˡ
һǿߣնĤݣ֮
ǸʯͷһƬɭʯǿʥɽ򣬻š
ˣһĻֳˣһϲ
ʵ̫˼ˣθûпǿ߽룬ôأһɻ
˵᲻֮ǰ׽ǸСС갡Ȼһ˿ڵ˲һ㶡
ʱʸϵǸ˿ˣӦòǰɣǸǿʱʥɽȻҲľ󣬵Щ컨ֻʶѣŲ컨Ǳǿ߻Ҫųˣ
ǻ˭أһģɻ
֪޷㣡

ȷʵ𾪵ˣ֪Ϊ⴫˵е״ʱή٣ƺ絽
Ե֮һ£ƽ궯ģ˼Ƿʯš
һз̫ͻȻòؿǡ
Ȼɭʯ˵ĻǧǰʱһĻҲƺط
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һǻ֮¶˾ģȥȻѾ־أ̨ͨûʲôˣڻδ֪ϣȫƾ춨ˡ
Ųʻԡ£Ҳûԥֱһڡ
ԶֻУŷ֣ж졣
·һȫµ磬ٲȻԳһ磬С粻ͬǣ̨ͨʥɽȷʵһġ
濴̨ͨƺֻʮɿ㣬ǣеʱȴ֣ԼһӾϵĴ
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442 ֶβ
ǡռ⾳Сɫ䣬ղֻǲ²ʧռ֮йأΪҲ˿ռ֮һ˸ĲΡ
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˴ֻƬ̱ɢеɱһţжֶΣֻҵĵʯ

ͻȻʧһһ˲Ĳ֪룬δôʧʱ򣬾Ȼһ˿Ϣûˣ·𲻴һ㡣񼶵Ϣ֮ҲЧ
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443 ʮ
ײһ˲γһɸΪֲУͬʱָǣӰ
г˶ʮϢʱ䣬ֱеɢȥ֮󣬶˵βų˵ҰУ˽ԶڵأͷɢңЩǱ
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֪ռֶο϶ڣС漴Ժ¾ͻˣûʸҵˣ
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ʱҲɫأ޷оЩ޻ʵֲֿѹ˾ƿնûС
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444 Ȩ֮
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ģɫ֮˲䱻ʥȨգоԼҪͻһ㣬ȫĹſֲı仯ƺԿŵƣ˷·˳˯״̬
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˳ڸղŷһУˣֱʮ⻪룬ʮȫǲת죬һĲ˼顣
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ȻڤͰȴ̰Ŀ⣬·ǶǶһ⡣


445 ս
쿴һۣһջʶ̽飬Ŀ⿴Զֿʼ޻ꡣ
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첻ԣǵĿⶼڷ̨·ʲôƵģҲԼĿͣ档
ʱɫ΢䣬ȻһЩӰȷе˵ЩϷ̨ǰµͶӰ
ĿƵһķ̨֮ʱƺšʡ֣ɫ΢
ֻ˲䣬Ժбһ棬һŰµӰ񷣬˲һֲһ֮ĽӰޱȵʵ
ֻմץ·˺һȱһ㣬ֳһƬİ
ʱӶǸȱһȭȭͷǳײؽȻһڶϣ·Լһ㣬ⰿ衣
һ˫ǳҫۣհ䣬һء
Ƭ֮ʧˣǰֻʮصķ̨յģ·غ޾£ȴˡ
ʱ췢Ҳת໥֮佻š
Ժȴؿһ˫ӣӹΨҶ
ʰ
ķӿΣǵڶ˽ʣҲΪʵһΣȻֻǧǰһĨӡǣȴ޷ĥʵİ
Դ֪й𣬴Ĵڣ¾ǿƺ޷й˿ĳǣʲͬ״ζһ֮µ߲˾ηڳݺָ֮о
ߵʣ޵У
ǰǿǰ󰡣ֲֿϢѾ˴˵еľ磡οһ̨̾ޱȡ
һɻʶͷų̨ùϵֿš֡
˲׹ο¸ԼһҲһǿߵĻ棬Ƿеǣλǰ
ע⵽һ㣬ķ̨ƺһʵ豸ֻǿ߲ſԽֿϡ
ȻĲ²⣬ȴǲ¶˴룡
̨ؼţ̨ܵ׵ģǾţܵǶģеţ
һ̨޾ʵߵ֣ǣϣֻһ
ҲÿһεˣһܵǶǣ겻ʱ䣬վ۷߻ֹһȻټ̨ϣȴֻһ֣˵˴ʵǹ̨ǿġ
ǰ̨ʳ𣬶ǰķ̨ԡ
ʣЩѵһţ֪Σ
кȻͻԳһս⣬Ķ֣Щǰ
ıﲢû֣ûǰעĿȴΪʵͨ
ĿٴͣڡϣϢ֮ǰ·һõĻ档
һˣһ㣬ƥƣͬǣӹΨҶ𣬶ع죬߹ĵط޾ĺڰϢ

˵ûһǰ׺Ͷ
ȻǺʱȼǿߣֲ̫ˣ
ĵһӡֻСֲ֣
ӷ𣡾ʦȻ֮ʰʵѾ޵ˣ˼ϣѭȥСһһ̨̾
գ
ֺİһʯΪգӦһλõɮƺ˵ʱ仹ҪԶ
Ŀͣڡաֵʱɫ΢䣬Ժֳһþ
һɮʺһâ¶ֻһͨĺаˡ
òʵͨӢı߶մϣַ˺˭Ҳȥעݡʹ飬ûһ˿崺硣·ֻҪһۣϵκβʹͷնʧ
˰
һյĵһӡ
֮Уһ׵ƣһְȻ·ֻǴǧһ΢ȴǧ硣
һּߵĵϣ²⣬տѾ뻯֮ˣ
쿴ղöĴֻΪƽȰⲢ˵ûս
յΪһʵҲǶ֡
ǾأôؼǿߣʣǿԴصĴڣȾջҪǿ
ǿȴǾյĶ֣
գȴʵĶ֣
ֻǸо
ǷʵʱӦʵ͵ģȻԽǣֻǸ۾ǿߣô뾻Ļ񾳵ȣͬʱҲǿսʤʥǿߡ
ֲãʯϣʵƳôߣⲻûԭģ
ɴ˸̾ѣʱϾǸ龳ߣЩʥȣ۹⻹ܶ࣬ȻʶٵĶɱȲЩǿߡ
ƳʣƳΪһľգĪȻ߲֪Ķ


448 ʮǿ
ʣգ
콫ЩУЩǰѧϰİסǵ֣һ죬ǻĶ֣
ΪʮλеΨһŮӣǰķ̨ۣ֮Ȼš֡
֣Ȼɣ·Կ̶̺һֵϣϢ
ԺѰйϢƬ֮˱еһʯ֮ϣԿһ֡
ѣ죡ʿ
쵹Щ죬λǶǰӦΪԼվǿߵͷ϶ˣȴδ뵽Էֻĸп
Ա˵ЩҪҪǣҵԼŬķˡ
Ƿʯϵʿȴ޴֪ǣλվڷ̨۷ǿߣȴһŮӣһ㣬ž֮˵Ůӡ
þ󣬳Ⱦϣ·Գһɵϡ
Ϊ̣Ʈ첻գѣһ֣ѣɽǿơ
ΪŮӣȴǲκһӣھǰĹâ޷ڡ
ɫȻļ䣡
Ȼ벻
һƿ𣬽˵עȥֻأ򿼫زţǰķ̨ɫѡ
˴֪ô£̨ۣ֮š֣ôӦǿߡ
أ򿼫Ļе֪񣬻þеһͬأ򿼫һǿ׳ӣȫ͸һĸоҪǣ񣬰Ե

ٴμһ֣
Զǰķ̨ϣšӡ֣пԿӦһ޵֮ˣһ
һϮۣߵϣ˵ĸоѧõĽһ㣬һ֧ëʣｭɽ޾ǿգɡ
ԱΪ죬¿ֲɱ׺䣬ʼȺ⡣
ǿԵٷ̨֮۵ǿߣ
ڤǰķ̨ϣšŭۡĸ֣ǰ㣬Щǿߣһ𾴺Ľ
ڤɱ
ɻ󲻽⣬Ϊβڤĸ֣·ǿɱ׳һ㣿
ڤҲо˵񣬽ƽϢĲ̾һҲǧһţҲʷУ˵ǿǰ󣬵ҲǶǿ֮һ
˾ţ׽ŲڤеϢԽеɻ
ڤ³һŵΪۣǧǰҲĽǲ֪ΪΣȴѳ˲壬ɱˣٻҿһĸֻҴ棬ȻҲʧʷĳˣ
ڤĻоȲѣû뵽廹ôһ
ȴüͷŲΪҪѳ塣
ٻ
ǼΪҪϢ
ʲô
첻֪һȴǻˣ
ڤħͼۻٻıڤħͼеǷֱͺ˵ˣ
ڤħͼһǿħȻö˵ǳߣԲᶨضΪħͼȾʧأΪħɱ¾һ壬ĺһǿ壬Ҳ޷ܡ
ǣӷ̨ûĻþУܵ˲Ʋڤһ㣬һħһȻޣûһа֮
Ӧòħޣ
ŭ۵ĵһӡ
Ҳƺܵŭµһ˿ϢԲڤ˵м⣬ղ
عͷȥǲڤֻ̨ϵ˼
ɱʮΪ侲ģΪԭʹбûЩѪôḻǰ̨ϳֳһĻʯͷһ㣬
ף
ɱǰķ̨ϣֻ֣ϣʻҪϡ
ֿԿӦ뽣йأΪˡ
ǲ²⣬ֻ¶һ㣬ȷʵ뽣йأǽˣ
Ϊһѽ
һʯ
۲죬ΪԼˣͶӰԺĻþֻһѾ޴ʯ
һʯ뽣йصԣˣ
âһǰƣ
УûеҲУ


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ͷϢ֮·һһݣһֻҰޣһˣ
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伮мأЩߣ֮󣬻ǧ⽣ףпΪ˻Ϊ
ףöصϢнڴˣһἤѵģǵʵǿǶͬһˣΪ
УĿƵһ̨
ʱɫ΢΢ЩƺĳֻþУйԼ
ֻƳһۣĿͣ˷̨ϡ
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ֲֽ½ͨõ֣컹ǿˣ
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ڸˣ磬ƿأף
һλʵľǿߣ
콫ģĿƵǰķ̨ϡ
̨ʱ˲סˣ
֣ƺʮ̨µģ·ոԿһ㣬һõֽ½ͨõ֡
Щ޷𾪣ɫǣ

˸ģ𾪵ĵطôһ˲䣬һЩССĽ
ǰһңԼͬһѪ
ȻֻĻ룡
þʱˣӣĸΪƣֻԿһЩ
̫˼ˣ
ﲨӿһʱƽһϵػڶߡ
Ƿȣ
þеˣһϮ£̽·Ħǳһ㣬ֱ㽫һСɽУһСɽ
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·侳ɫ˲ޱȣ
ʱֻţһǳпܱ촷ۡ
лع˼֮УûйϵΪô
Ƭ֮˦˦ͷȥˣԼħ
ջĿ⣬ٴͣԼǰķ̨ϣžŲ̨ףţҪҪȥʮǿһԼֿ̨ϡ
ȻԼֿڷֻ̨ۣ֪֮
龳Ϊܲܵһ̨ף˵ˣοǾŲ̨ף


449 ̨սǿ
ȻˣҪһԣ̨жѣη壡
뵽ʮ֣ѪҺˣоȫӿţ·ԼΪʮһһ㡣
һǳԽǣ
ţ֮󣬲ƽϢ
̨ʱҲڸԼߵķ̨ÿһ˶ʮ̨ϵǿġ
ţƵĵط
ʣȻǾ֮ˣţǰ޹˺߰Զǰ̨ϵĻþ󣬲̾
ǰǰǿܸо޷ȣ·ֽڽˣҲǵ̾һ
ʰһߵĿ꣡Се

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ǺǣɣҲ֪ȣǾͺˣ쵭һЦŵѣǰǷ
ĻСɫ΢䣬漴ǰķ̨ɫҶֻʦǰʹùһЩʹ˵ˣ֪ںηƺѾͻƵ˴˵еǸ磬ȥ磡
û˵񾻿ĸ֣һ䣬ȥ̸ߵľˡ
޾֮·ɫ漴˵Ҳڷ仯͸һִźη
ѣʮ̨ƺΪʮ׼Ҫһ£ܷϣοһ죬Цŵ
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Ҳŷ̨Ŀȡ
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ڶᲽǰΣ˿Ск춼ˣҲ̨˷ܵȥ
ʮϢ֮ǾԶӦķ̨һԶֻǣȥ֮˲䣬һֲ֮ط֮עϣǵΪ½һֱ˻۷壬ͣ
ô£
ôˣ
첻ڸǿЦɣ½ô࣬ôǽף
ĪֹǰУ

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ྲϲĻǿʵʱ򣡡ɫ΢䣬˼ϲüңųӵһ֣
ĵѣ⻰ô˵أ򿼫Ļɻˣеص
СкͰɳĬƺô¡
쿴һۣҲߣᱻطѹΪصǻ澳۷ʱľӦľ磬Ļ۲߾жٲ࣬ͬߣУȽף
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ӷʩԣƶɮкϣС˫ֺʮ
Ҳ뵽ĵ˵ֻнҵΪѹƵͬһ磬ܿԵ츳εͷɫ
һʱ䣬˶ͬ˵ֻͰ꿴ͷ鼫Ϊˬ
ݵֿ֮ͣʼˣһΣǵٶȺϵѹ̫ǿҲ첻ˡ
ֻҪһЩңط治ͬ
ǵһ̨׵ģβû֮ǰһŻ֮ͨҪԼʵʵϷ̨
̤ϵһ׵ʱռѹ˲ˣֻѹиֵط򣬷·ǧϮؽǰĽŲֹ
ֻͣһϢ̨Ҳʼ˵ˣСǵڶǵ
ҪŲ֣ʯϵһ˲䷺⣬һķ֮ע£·һ磬һӰǰ
ţôˣɫ΢䣬켴ˣֶԷһϮ£ճԼһ㣬۷塣
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սɫĮ·һʯһ㣬ֻǼ򵥵³Ӳ֡
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ʱĴţֿ飬ַӡǴսʤǱͨһס
췳յǣ̨ϣвٵ֣ǺԺܶĶ֡
һ뵽Щ˶ǹʱľǿߣ˷뿴Լ츳սЩǿڻ澳۷ʱǿ
룡ûóǹ²һ֮սһ˿Լʶӡǡ
ȻսˣȷʵǾţһ澳ߣȻ˾磬У˲нû˿Եľ硣
ԷĽ·һһ㣬ֲĽ⣬·Ҫ˺ѡ
ֻüͷ΢漴УǽԪ
ֻ˲䣬ɢս屻ԷһԲڶѸٴ˹
һΣϵɱ糱ӿһ㣬ϯֶϮĽӰĳһħٴءɱ¾޾ɱʵʻһֲֻĴѹսԷƺ㱻ɿֲ
Ϣ֮оǰһܵط˲һ䣬ֻص˷̨һס
ԭֻҪһӡǣԵϺ̨ף˲׹漴Χˣּ˶һܣվ̨ϣһ˫Ŀ
Ҳսļ˵֪Ҳ˿֮У̾һعͷ̨ϵ֡
ʵ̨ϣٸ֣սȷʵΪԣ²Լղ֪Ϊλսӡǡ
ÿһ̨ףҪ̨µǿ߱ԡ
˼
΢΢ǿߣȻϲޱȡ
󲽣ŵڶȥĲӺϢ֮󣬲Ծ˵ڶס
յϵڶףûսʶѰһˣɴڵһףûǣһ֮˲֮ǰһĿռ䡣
ط糣ֻѹһ㣬ûעЩĿ⿴˾ԼԶĶ֡
һ¶ӣأ򿼫һǿ׳˷·ǴúҤĺڵƤͷΪһ壬Ϻͺüë˾һɫӣͨԲע⣬ˡ
һǰϴĻ󣬶ϵĴ󻷣˷·Ұ˲䡣
˭쿴ǰˣʵ
Ŭ࣡Էſ˴죬ǽ׵ݷ·Ʒõİ⣬ڵƤγĶԱȡ


450 ŵĲ
Ŭͷһڣ룡
˲䣬Ŭ·һֻҰһ㣬ϵѪڣѸ¡һŵأ˳еĹǰ¡
ɫ΢䣬ѪʢٶѸݣֱƵߣǵ֮·ǳѡ
ǼĹǰ̩Ȼ˲ȭûתֱŹǰ
ءһһսˣŬ˺ɣҲ˺ɣƾУ
һ֮Ŭಢûͣ٣ٴγеĹǰţ֮
ɫ糣λ磬ڳƶܿŬһŬսǳḻԺľ鶼ˣһȴҲǶ˸൱
غ֮ŬĹǰٴγԴ£ʱԴǿȣҲ޷סһ
ԣνȫʩչһȭ˹ǰ
˲䣬һ죬Ŭ൹ʮ֮ԶеĹǰֶɣҲǵɣֻһϢǰĳˣٴλص˷̨ڶס
սȡʤˣ
غһͷɴڸԵķ̨ϣڽżҵսš
ŵ׽ʱСˣƺƽֻ켴ϵ׵ʱɫ΢䣬ű̾һŵڶ״
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ʱСѾĵڶ׼սˣҲڵڶϣƺոյϵڶףתһ˿Ľͳ羴֮ɫ
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ĵȡʤԵʤĵĪ⣬źۼϣޱȡ
Ϊԭ֮սһյʱ䣬Żʤ
ǳԷڵϵ򣬱ȰҪǿܶ࣬ŷ֮ͻ֮ǿޱȣϣʮж֧Ųˡ
ϵ߽֮췢Χط𽥱ˣѹҲԽԽǿҲ֮ǰôˡ
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ô֮£еٮٮߣҪǿǣʱ죬ƺѾĴڡ
ıӰ׾ϣͻԳһ˿˿糺죬ɬĻһ㡣
ʱıϵǹɱϢȥ¶һСŮ̬ޱȡ
Ƭ֮Լʧ̬ˣ˲ֻص֮ǰı䣬Ҳˣһּᶨη
Ȳ㣬ҲҪսʤԼ
ǱԼ˵Ļ仰֧һ׽
˵ڰ˽ףĶΪһδ͵ǿߡ
ճãܶжޣȴδһóʹĸ֡
ȴö
Ӧò壬ܿ壬ڶ֮УΡ


451 
״Ķ֣첻Ҵ⣬˵ٶ֣ǲ˵еĶЧ
ǹɶԼֶɫ䣬оԼϢƺв˲ţγһ֣赲⡣
裬ʱ򣬱㿴һӰڶֳһˣȫ·һڲţò
֮ܵʱȻ̽һֻ޴Ķצָͬ㶾Ķ̽һ㣬졣
̵ִϣƺ赲ˣ޷
ʱ쿴ĻûĴ˲ͷųһ㵭Ķƺһ㣬ʴ֡
ҿԪĻͱʴˡ
ı磬ҳʱȥᱻĴ
߿
һϵȻһܵĶˣԳɱ¾򣬽Ƴ˲䣬һʮɸߵϽɫķӰֻ֣֮Уһ޴İɫɢſֲϢ
ħٴءɣ
һһǶ˲䱻ɫɣͬǵӰɽȥ
˲䣬عͷð˺ʱվ˵ڰ˽ϣ֪սʤ˶𣬲˶ԷǵӡǣΪ˳һɲǣʶƺһ˲ıǿ
һս࣬ҲܽңԪܿѱʴ⾳´ʱѾȫʬˣȻʱ
Ȼ첻֪ʱѾ֮ǰˣħѪɵġ
˵սʤ˶Ӧø˲ǣȴһ㶼˲
ǵڰ˽׶ѣЩܣôĵھŽϵǿߣõӦá
һΣûмŵϵھŽףڵڰ˽ϣ˼Щĵ顣
Ƭ֮ϵ΢΢ˣ̧ͷŷ̨ۣ֮ʶɨ֣ƽˣյֻɿĹâˣ۾Ȫ
׵طԼǰ·գҲȥ룬ֻҪһǰ߾ˡ
ǧ裬һȭ֮
ʱСѾ˵ףλͣڵĽףҲͣڵĽףɱأ򿼫ʱѾ˵ףԶͲڤʱפڵڶף޷ʵǸˡ
ڲ֮ǰ컹ڵڰ˽׼ѷսʱ򣬵ĽϵСѾתڰ˽׵ʱôһ˲䣬оǰһжʵ
Ȼû˵ԼţҲûзϹΪиԼеţ
ǣţ֮궼㱻
ϷǵߴӰСͻȻԼ㣬ʵƽӹ
仰ȻǶԼ˵ģʵϣڸϵߣЩһǡ
Ų˵ھŽף̨һϤ֡

֣ǳϤ
޶ۣ˭һʣ˭ƥУ
仰ʯϵģȻ֪Ƿʥɽһǵ֮ľǿߣеš
Ϊֻʣ
Ȼվ˵ھŽϣܶ϶ʵ츳Ͳ̨۷ǿߣϾǶһ޶ģ֮ĵһ
ֻǣԴʳ֮һžͳģ
޶ۣ˭һ
һįͱ룬Ĳпᣬɱ¾ƴƴȥģֻһˣ˶˽µĿݹǣ˼ĻᶼûС
磬ֻǵóɹߣ˭ȥһʧߣһ߿ݹǣ
ʣ˭ƥУ
ʵĳǽЩ˶˽£磬ֻҫ
޵еģֻΪʸҫ۶ѣ
Σį
հЩǿߵֻɪɪƬƬҶ
쿮̾һֻᱮֻ֣ܸܵʵǿ󣬿̨ھŽףܵȴһָȻһĿʹ
Ӣ۵ΣǿߵΣʱķ⣬ֻΪһ˵ĹâӲöѣ
ĳҲֻǶݵģ죬δҪʵĵʯҪñҫ۵⣡
ԴϷ̨Ŀǻ۷ǸˣǸߴǧľʣ

ġ족֣˲뵽ڣǸȻڣʥں鵤ڲµĳȻʧʷĳеʱڻ½
ӦǧǰڵĲ֮ţܿǸʱŻȻڣʱȴǺȺҫۡ
Ȼ֮ȴ˱˵ĵʯ
ߵ磬ȲпʵֻʵΨһվסŵֶΣ
̾һŲ΢˲ǸսĿռ䡣
ʮԶͦһӰһϮ£޹޳磬һõĸо
Ʈ޶ĸо߳ˣƮƮƺƺƾ硣
ֻϧһŮӣȻŮˣ
üëбޣ罣һ㣬Щâȴϸܺڡ
ƤܰףӤһϸۣǧŮӶʵĹ
ıӷǳͦ·ǵһ㡣
촽ƾǰ񣬷СܱͿܻ֬ڶŮӷ
˵ģһ˫۾
һ˫ӣȪȴǳĹâںڵͫзŵįʱһΡ
ԻŮ¶ģǣ˭Զıأ
һУĶ֣

ʱȻǻ۷ľ磬ƺΧһжںΪһ豹棬Ӣ֮ףû˻ע⵽
ˣ£
٣쿴һ˷豹棬ôʵѾԶˡ
ʱ룬ʱǱѹ˾Ȼһ۷ߣҪ豹棬Ǿûпܵģ
ߵ·̶û꣬ι棿
ӵ˷ˣϣԼĶǸǿߣǰˣҲԩ
ɣѹ˾ԭ۷Ҫǿܶ࣬ǶԵ򣬸Ҫǣǿֲ飬ɵġ
ǰһһ֣ƽصǰ
û˵ֻһӡǣ߱Ѷȵ˼άΨһǣԼ֡
Ǳ֮ʱµģֻǿĹԣĴڣֻΪ赲ʵǵĽŲ
˵ˣֻ³֣
֪ЩӡĴڣԣȥƽϵĲϣֻһ롱Ѹٰڳս̬


452 ֮
ûмųУƺڴ죬ΪϣһϤĸоָоԶͣڵھŽϡ
һηһּʯģһ׳İһ޵еİ
Ҫǣһϵƣ˫ΨҶ
ֻһӡǣǣϢ֣Զ޷ȴĻ䣬һ̣һӡǣе
оĴԼһϵ˲ǿƺԼ£ӰƺϣΧطı䶯
ɫˣʱǳ£Ҫһսˣ
ȻĲͬӡǾȻʱ򿪿ˣ˵һ仰һУ
һУ
ʲô˼
һ㶣˼һ漴ͷһĪҪֻսһУһоʤ
ȥҲ벻õĽ֮ͣ£ֻܵͷװ
ȫԸʹԼǿһУӦս
ƴʱӦ۷壬ԳǧǺӣת·ںһ㣬ݣ
̽ջûһֻɫӡӡǳ˸ޱȣֿµƣͷȻ
ûҲǿĶ֣ս⣬ֻӿֲֳϢɱ¾ڰߣɵִϢ
֮ڵĿˣһ㰵ɫ·һУеĿֲƣļ¡

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е
Ȼطľѹˣȴ޷ѹĽ
ֶ̽ʮɵȫʩչϵľһֲϽɫƾճ֣һ޴İɫڷӿֲϢ
ħٴءɣ
ɫ֣ϽɫĴײûбɢţģǰɫƺӦ԰ɫӡϵĿֲѸת·һ޵׺ڶֻɫĴɵˡ
Ϣ֮ϵϢɢȥӡҲʧˣ
ʤˣ
ʤˣ
ЩãȻǿȴϼ˼Ϣʱ䣬һʱš
һսذ޹⣬Ҫо
ǣļ򵥵һƣֳʤЩʵˡ
ϸһ룬ȴǺǿ󣬱֮ǰļλҪǿҲֲֶ̫˰ɣϾ̣֮޵еĴڣ֮սʤҲ˵ùȥ
ͷİ˲̨ףڿҪķ嶥̾
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ΣѾص˵棬Ľ֣츳ʵˣֻߵĽס
ĲʣȴҲ޿κΣһУİţⲻΥ棡
վڵھŽϣĽʺ֮⣬һ˿Ρ
Ѫ˵˫ȴҲеţΪһȴԼһǴֱŵĿǰ
ʣʮ߽߰꣬ʶߣ廹塣
Ҳ߰ľʶжô㣬ʶͬţտʼĴڣȴĵʯ
ţһŵļ߹š
ԣŶʮͷʵѾվͬ˵۷塣
ǣһ֣Լʮúһ㣬Լƺûмǿš
ʱ캰һ䣬κ죡
ǣãûʸ˵仰ҲֻܶС˵
ܵϵڰ˽ףʸһ䣬̨׵Ĳ࣬·һǴ֮û˿ɱԡ
ߵΪβ꣬ҲУһʱŵĲң
Ҳվ˵ĽϣûȥսףĽȻһսҲǼޱȣ٣һĥս
ʵսףһ˫ע죬֪ʱûеǽ׵뷨Ҫվֻ̨֮ۡ
ʵҴδ͸ǽеĲܣһڽ£̾ѣ漴һ죬ԳɫôһˣĻأָоãȴҸ룬⵽ô£
ڱ˼֮ʣСȴ̾һӷ߷֣Ȼ᲻Ϊ˵е֮𰡣ţȴҷˣʵǿϧգ
ûʯͣƬֱ̣ת˷̨ĿѾˣȻûܳΪľţ׵ĳɼǸţԼȣط˵߷֣Ѿܵ˴ܣ
Ѿͨ˵ھŽף̨ۣ֮һ֮ңѣǼʶʲôţأ򿼫ʱ֮Դʱ죬ҲĽʺޣȻеĺǳ٣Ľ֮⣬ö˵
ɱǳΪһƺ֪Ϸ̨֮ζʲôֻ֪ǿУѾԶԸˡ
峤˵Ҫȡˣշ֣ǶôѰ
ڣ˵Уֻһ֣һԶ޷ΪѵĶ֣һһĶֻ֣ſԳɳ
ʱзſ־壬֪ܵϵھŽףζʲô
ûͻƵףֻ˵ǵʵ츳˻
޷ı䣡
Ȼ޼죬ǲòϣȷʵ㡣
˶ӹţ
Ҳ֪Ȼʱеţûгɳֻлŵǿߣû˵ţ
ԣǰţôǿڳɳ֮ǰɱ
Ȼڤڷ̨֮£Ʈ֪˼ʲô

쿴ǰһɸߵ谭ûж룬һѹĽֱӵ˷̨֮ۡ
ᵱһɽС
ǹڵߵʱĸпʱ죬ȴûָоȻϲվɽӲãصĸо
ֻԼһ˵ʱָоõģǣֻ̨ۣ֮һˡ
һü˶ݷǿߡʣ
ֻҪһ첻սʤʣ;ԼȻվɽţű˸Լ
һսʤģ
쿴ŷ̨ĵӴ֣ᶨص


453 ս
ƽϢһ·ڵѪȥ
ط̨ȫͬ޲
ɵߵˡʡԱߣؿ֡
ʱԺвûԳ֮ǰʰǵþҲ֪ô£ֻǸԼĸоվڡʡ֮ϣȻ¡
¡
˲䣬һףڵķ̨Ͽշ˾ҵı仯ƹγһɫУ·ǿռ籩һ㡣
֮У׹·췣١
ǣµ죬δƺξһ㡣

ô£Զپۣ·Լһ㣬ϲޱȣʱյ󣬷·һˮͷǷڵѪ˲ñ
֪ƺطڱ䣡أ򿼫ҡҡͷƺо˷ֵ̨ط
κСһۣнԶ¶֮ɫ
ѣ㿴𣿡ɫȻСУʵ
СвûмŻػϸؿյĹƣŻص˵ͷ
ƺ٣С˼һʩֻ֮ѣôܵٵġأĪ췣
εͷҾ췣
ţСɻ󣬿Σô˵
εĿͷǹƣ츳Ѿͨ׼ģܸܿʡЩǰһӵ֮ʵľţˣɳһʱǿߣпعǿߣԣ콵췣ƺǳûгɳʱ򣬽Ĩɱ
εĻСȻҲ׹ð˵
⻰˵֮󣬺ܶ˵ɫˣǱһҪ췣΢ƺجһ㡣
أ򿼫ԶҲɫأͰ꣬ȴֻͲ췣һЩޣֻһıˡ
ô죿仰˵ȴ˼˭֪Զȴ˵˳
ⲻΥСҡҡͷ˼ûа취ǲУ´Ҷᱻ췣ɱ
һҶĬ˲ðˡ
ȷʵ췣٣ټĳͷҲĻ߱мΪźĻرǳܲסֻܻΪ촷ۡ
췣ĳͷֱͷĶȥŻֹͣʲô

ϵƹɮ붨ȥǡ
ʱŵĵط磬֣γһ޴Ľ룬Ӱȥ
໡
֮һӰ˲ͷǹ֮С
¡¡
ƺܵ˹һ㣬ѣֻϢʱ䣬ɢջָƽ
໡
һֻǵӰڽϿգ𽥱󣬽ֱС󻯳һ⣬˽֮С
ô£˶𺳵ĳסˣ֮أ򿼫ſڵϵİơ
Ӱ찡ӰȻ췣ԶһĲ˼飬ʱôߣ緲һ޶
ȷʵӰ췣εͷȺӰֲֿѹʹѪܵ˾ţƺгļ֮ûעˣŶһ٣˻ǱӰ𺳵ˡ
ȻԶԿ췣Ǻŵ顣
ѵع
Ӱ᲻ʵӡǰͻȻˣӰ֣ȫ죬ϲѡ
ӦǣʼֻʲţҲֻϢ㵽֮߻ˣһ˿ԼӡǣԶԿ췣Сеͷڵ
ʵʲôˣȻ췣Կ̫ˣԶɻ
ҡҡͷС˼˵ʽСʱֻǵ۾ѣȴնɱʥߵʵ
ʲôôֲԽһ󾳽սҲֲ̫˰ɣأ򿼫һɴۣʧ
ʲôʣ޵УԽս˵Сһε
ʣ춼ӣʲôԵģСеͷƺʲôܹʵоѧԺԵʵɾʹˣǿǿ񼼵ľ
Ŷ˵ԴȭοСУ
Сеͷ
ôӦвٶľôῴʵоأ˵ֻһʥѣεɻˣСе
֪ľһ᲻ǣоɲ򵥣˵ңʦĹ˼ǧ꣬ȻСкȻЦƺлص˸յʥɽ֮ʱ龰
ԶƺʲôСе˵ǰоƺƶ֮سˣȴɣ֪˭õˣʹһЩ¾˵ʱߣ
ƺôһ£ϧֶҪԵȡģȥ˭Ҳòεͷ͵

ڷ̨ϣоһķ֮עϣ˲һռ䣬֮ǰսռ伫Ϊƣͬǣռط򣬿ֲޱȣеɱ¾֮κεطҪֲ
ԶİУ̷һѪɫŵĽ⡣
໡
֮󣬿ֲɢ¶Ѫı塣
ʣ
ʮɳѪɫ΢䣬ʧ
䡭
ǸӦĵѪ̧ͷһ˫ӷ·ĵڸԼĳ
ţѪضˣգֻϵѪɢȥ¶˴ƬƬĽ⡣
ԭıһߣ˽
𺳵ʱǽ黯γһɫӰ˻һ˹
ɫ䣬֪սʼˣ
ûԥʩչȫԳʮɽӰdֵգʮɷΧ
죬תղ񹦻˫ֳצһһϽɫӰɫӰ
֣
սȻҪѡھ֣񼼵ǿͬȣ߱ڲ֮ء
ʩչ֣ƾձһֻʮɵϽɫ֣˲佫ɫӰס
໡
һ֮нӰǱɢϽɫ֣ܸ
ʰ񼶾޷סٴӵʵǿ
Ӱٴγ죬Щ֮·ǲƵķƬоһļ£ʩչռ⾳Ӱĳɱ
ɱ
Լλ֮Ӱת֮˲˹ȥ
֣
һΣһ֮𣬲ȴǵӰľģһֻϽɫĴ˲ץӰ·һŴһҪס


454 һ
໡
ɫŤѸٱ任λãƺսֻĴ֣Ⲣ¶Էֻܲˬ
һܿϽɫӡãϮɱΧطӿΪĳײ
ʣ֮ʱҲ˿־ս
ɲΪӰʵ̬Ͼǿ壬ѰһûβݻǷǳ׵ģ֮󣬾Ѿγˡ
ȻõӰڿһ˲䣬ûһһߴӰҲʣС
ǣͻӡ쵽ˡ
쿴ͻȻ任Ļ͸ƣɫ΢䣬Ҳû룬ûеתֱһȭ
ء˲䵹ɳȥǵӰȴǱøӵˡ
һȻ۷ȴҲ۷岻ԶˡһȭǺأ򿼫ϣԷǿҲһԵֵס
ǣʱǰЩƺֻη
벻ʵȻǿ󣬽Ǽʶˡ
ղһʩչԼֺγʩչԪˣ
չȻ֪ʸղŵӭ̺ŰԵƺ޿赲
ҿһĳɾͣſƾǿȫԼ
ɲΪȲͬʱʡ
һΣλ磬һӰʱȭͷѾʵؿڻȥ
һΣûʩչҪ볹׵ػʣҪóķ
ȻܼѣΪһҲԪ
һҪսʣʤ
һȭ̺ĿǰʩչȫȻûпֲ׵ƣһٶȣ˲ƿԿһȭѾĿǰˡ
ꡭ
˲䱬˵ĸо·һѽ˹
ǣֻȭͷͻȻǵӰǰʱǵӰʧˡ
ֻһ˲䷢飬ȭѾ޷ջˣֲľ͸ֱӽǰĿΧط˲
һУû˿ĳɣ΢תȺ߳·ǻһѾֳһ㡣
ء
һȣƻ˿ǵκ岽֮ڸոձɨеĵطԳһõӰƺ˲ðһЩȴҲڻָš
˿ӰնɱģɢĵɫӰ֪ɱԷ
ܶԷжôǿֻҪ㣬ͿԻܣ
²⵽ⲢǵɫӰڱʱʵȻήͣγĹӰɢ
ɢ֮ǻʱյõǿԺġ
ڱԷֹ֮סΣ˲䷢ͬһͷԱһ㣬˶Է
սǿѡֽսַƣܶ֡
սٸغϣȴ£ֵĽս飬ƺҪֲڽսѹԷһսѾӽβ
һ֮ã˺ɣغţʹڵѪͨԶǵӰʵ·ڵ֮Ӱ
ʱסϢûȳ֣ԳʣԸ̾
ɣ˾ʣ֮ǰڷ̨¿һ񣬺ӹľٶ
ȥˣˣ쾫е˲䣬ǵӰһ仰׻ע˲Ŀɿڴˡ
ô˵ˣ
ѵ˲ͬӡǾ˼ά
ɻ֣ͬǻԶӰϣƺҪֵ˿͸
ôߵһһΪʷģĸо·ڴ˴
ʵ˫ﷺŹ⣬·İһ㡣
һ죬Ƭ֮󣬲ſڵҵ˶֣ҿԷһսˣ
˵꣬췴Ӧ㻯һ⣬ͬʱԵޱȵһȭ˳ûһɫϮ֮еɱ¾֮һļµĸо
ǡԲɱ¾⾳оǹɱ¾֮׼ȷжϳ˶Է⾳ա
첻ҵתղ񹦻壬ƻӰ֣һʮɴϽɫӰƾճ֣ײһ˲䱬ɢֲɰӿȥ
˵˲䱩ˣ˺ɣһϲޱȣһǾ֡

𾪵ģҲûϵԷȻԼһڻ澳ʱ
ȴ˵ǣһ㣬Ѿ˵ʵǿˡ
ͬ޵Уʱ֪ΪܿԽһ󾳽ɱС
벻ҲһⰡʿˣЩ˷ܣһԼһ߰ɡ
ڻ澳Ԫһ漣Խսܰɣ
ĳһ˵˺ƣǶӹ֮ˣֻҪͬߵһ˵Ĺâᱻס
Ҳһֻǰûйע⣬ڿǰԪ˿ģߵڣһԭӦƽʣ̩Ȼص
ڻ澳ԪǧѳһˣҪһĻԵ˲ʵɫɵĮ·ݻŹ
ɣҵϣʱҪˣ㣡һеļʾոƽֿʼԾˡ
ôңɫ䣬ؿ죬ֵꡣ
ͷǼʱ۷壬ǧϵǿͬ޵У㣬Ҳվ۷壬ɵعµľɫ
ʵ㲻ûңҲɫ΢䣬·ƽĺͶһʯӣ˵
УҵĿ꣬ҪվøߣҪе谭޳վ˶ĵطȥҡҡͷʵĻͬ
ĻҲͷƬ֮󣬷ſڵȨƿ磿޹ƣ
ҡҡͷʵ˵ֻǲҵˣ
ʳĬˣȻûоܸоһ鼫ȿ꣬ò졣
ûйԶ֪еĿʹʲۣѡ˳Ĭ
һ˵Ⱥһɽ۵ķ羰ҪһЩɣ
ɣҸᣬսʤң۷㣡Ϣ֮ʿˣͬʱҲ˲ǿԳһֲ׵Ӱ
첻ٶԣսڲſʼתղ񹦣˵۵۷壬·𻯳Ͻһ㡣


455 ۷֮ս
ಣಣ
ͬʱˣ֮ǰһܶʱԹԺ䣬Ȼ˶еߣôһڲͬĵط
ֲĽսںŰԵޱȵԺͽսϣ۷֮ս·̿һս߿һģ¡
ȭƷצΪȫܣǴʱȴʩչ˷ھӰȣһ˫ȷ·Ƿһ㣬Բ׽Ҳ޷ܿʽսḻҲӰЩǱ
ʱ򣬽Լƽѧʩչˡ
ָ
ȼľ
Ħڭָ
ָ

ļʵɫԵޱȣľҲȫʩչˣһȭһһ˵˺ɡ
һˣͬʱ任һţѸٳ˶Է
˫ʮָɣʨӡ־˲ʩչʣһܿһеķâΪܸоһжֱֲӶս֮ߡ
ܿϵġ֮գһӰʵޱȣ˫ֶץ·ҪУңһ̺޾ɱ¾֮첻ò
ǰ־
˲Ĭֶʺֻ۳ɵĴ֣˲佫Ĺ⡣
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·ڸǼѹƣҲף
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Сиղע⵽˱飬һԶԶȲڳˣȻɱ⡣
ǣһŷģܸ֮ܵ˵ϲŭֵ̾һĵ飬·صתһ㣬֮ǰ΢䣬ֽľȻļ󣬲֪ǺԵɣȻǿߣô޴ı仯ϧʧȥУһˣҷžĹɲʧȥУֹˮӰѣеģôڵģһҲ٣ӷѽⰡ

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֮ǰΪħɲǰһΪħ֮ǳ׵سħ
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ǣ찺װĸ伹׵ɢſֲİɱ
һжȫĽڲأ˶һƬ֮УܻʱʱɢžŲ֮⡣
ֲ׵ڽϣûһ˿ۼֻһϸСĵơ
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ţ׵ƺڱǿɲӰ죬ȶõɮһ㣬ϵĵš
ʱdֻâʢüĴɳ𻨣׺׷࣬׵磬׳Լ
ʮʱȥˣ׵绹ţûҪɢļ
Զľ˿һĻ﷢
ȥüˣͣ£ôܻԶǰ̾һ
ԣƺһʹȴ֪ʲôԵɣֵһָоĪģʹü΢
ӷǻСʩʵ̫ǿˣСпſֲĽɫ̾
ǰ̫ǿˣȻ׷κβҲǸ̾
Զһ㶣漴ɻؿˣλѣǵ˼û
ӷʩȴûȻ׷ôûɢСпһԶ׷ĳ֣ΪĨɱһ׷Ҳɢȥ
ԶһȻȻһԼԴкżϲңʱ䷢̫£ôʶǵˣ
СпЦһȻʩʱڣ׷û˿ɢȥļ˿ֲɱ֮Ҫûпܰ
һӣֳĬˣС˵ڣҲֻǶһѣѾעˡ
˰ʱϲ֮⣬˽ԶĬˡ
ڤǵģ֮ǰһĻη岻ѣٳʲôµԼǣ
ԣϣõضɹ췣


460 췣ʧ
Ȼ֪Щ仯˴˶Ӱ죬췣ĿֲȻᵽˣȴغԼı仯޷ֲɱд
ħ٣ָǣԼԼǵ÷ŷһУȴξһ㣬һҲʵ
ܽԼڵ״Ͼһζɽٵʱ͹٣ֻغڣŵʱʹ̨࣬鿴Ҳ޷ܵõ
ʱһ߽֮Ȼʧȥĸдǣǿֲ׷һڽϣеʹ˭֪
һʹĽѣ
˵ϰˣΪ쾭ʹ̫࣬ǣûһܱȵΣȻʹ⡣
컯ʹʼתˣʶ𽥱仯ĹҲڻر仯š
Щĵƣ·һСһ㣬䶯ر任λã·һ㡣
Լ׵Ϊģ߹Ǻ֫죬ͷǡ
׺;̰Χĳ׵磬𽥱ʱ֮ȭͷСĻףʱȴ糵һ㣬ǵɫԭȵɫ𽥵ضһɫ
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ħӰĳ֣ϵ׷˲ӾˣЩԭڹϵƺӦħϢȫħӰҺ塣
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𻨣ʱѾʼѹԭȭͷСеĽɫԭɫ·ǽɫĻϴŵɫ
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ǣȫɢȥʱһˣһΣǷĵ𺳡
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ǿĹĵƣֱһдı鰡Се۾ǣ·𿴵ڻ仯š
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أ򿼫˵ˣԶȴЩˣɵǣ֪˶ټ࣬Ϊһ߽ǣ·У
ٺ٣컹ǳˣţ³߽ǲõ֣ûڣ˽ٺ٣췣޷ٵĹͷ񼶲ɣ컯һ߽ǣ˲ѣֹ
ȻЩ˷ܹͷˣֳ˶Ǹ֣ȻССм֮˲תŭĿӡ
СӣҶ˿ұ㽫ȫĹͷ֮Уѹǧ꣡أ򿼫ŭĿգǳ
㿪ڲ⣬Сȴˣӷʩ챾ҷŷ֣ҷԵѾˣҲɲ֣ƶɮǿȥز
СеĻ˵꣬˳ĬˣҶܸоСŭˣҲ˲侪ˣ䲻֪ز˭ǴСȻɱԿһﲻ֮
ǺǣˣֻǿЦѣˣЦؽ棡ֳܴܵɱ⣬ʵǿСУԼţϻһЦ
ߣЩЦãΣοˣʵСжѣĻһڣ˲˸սαЦȻֹ·һֻһ㣬ɫޱȵѿ԰ΣҲΡ
ȻĻŭǣȷʵڴߵĽǵע⣬˵߽ǣȷʵϺõģ˭õ
ǰ꣬뷨鲻ͬǵɵϵΪֱ˷ѡ


461 
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ԣ۾ﷺŹ⣬̰Ĺ⣬һš
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һչ䣬ϣֻһۡ
Ϊһѹ
Ϊ޷Կأ
һУû˿ֻһˣˣ

֮ʱ̨ϵĽǣȻɢֲޱȵƣ·𶼱Ƹˣ˲һڵϣֻֻһ˲顣
ֲֿ֮ѹɢȥֻ̨ϵĽų̫һҫ۵Ĺâ
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ѣѣѣѣΰסСеļҡҡ
ʱСвת۾ԶĽյġd֣һ𾪡
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ѣ֪֮죬жǿοСУȻת仰⣬ʵ
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һ˳£ΪֹµĵˮӨ籦ʯ֮ǰβͬǰµ飬Ǳ֮;֮ᣬһΣǻϲ֮ᣡ
ֻҪúúõģ㻶ϲѣ
һĪ֪Ů֮ΪıɽŮϡ

ôûȥأôأѵŹѵʵʾ𣿡һ꣬СеĻ־ͷߺ֮УǶôϣʹȥߣԶ𾴡
أעκβ졣֮ĳԹʹЩȥһв룬쾹ȻֻǱȥĹڣҲڡ
òޣ˵в̫ˣʵСУСжûв
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462 ͻ״
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Сˣȫ󱲲ɣֻᰵ˵£أ򿼫˿ԷĻвһ߽һŭȵе壬˭˭
Ϣʱ䣬Ѿ˺üУɣأ򿼫ռȡϷ磬ڽڰˡ
˸ο飬˵ĸ֡
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ԣ־壬־Ϊ˵ū
õķ·Լ˵ļһôͲκˣͳ׽ˡ

أ򿼫úǱ֪ʲôԭƺǳȫսİ˳ɶ֮
أ򿼫ԽսԽ£ۿҪشˡʱƣ˲ܿأ򿼫Ĺ㵽˰
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ǣ֪ĺôˣվһߣԼóȻ֣ΪЩ˵ĵˣʱ»Ϊһˣ׷ɱ
ǣǶջ̫ˣʮֲᣬԣƬ˼֮һԡ
ĽǣԺʵͲһſԱˣֻҪѳ˵׷ɱҵгɣ˭ˣ


463 Թ
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Ŷ˼սƬ̣ͲڤԶ˼ĻƺѾע⣬ڤҡС
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ǸˣȰҪ֪Ȼ϶ֻһˣϾìΪĲ߻ѡ
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˰ְ꣬ҲԷȻ񣬵ҲǱ鷳أΧЩŶ·ôĿ֮µ֣Ƕﻮ
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֪ڤĻȻǼ򵥵ļ֣Ǽϵĵȴᣬɰڶ˵ϡ
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ʱأ򿼫սĺ죬ȴĵˣƺԲڤͰʮֲĥĥҲö֣׷ˡ
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ڤħͼɣ˲󣬳ɣɣɢħʮֲħӰ֣˲ͷųֲѹսĶ˱ѹǿֹס֮ˣǱѹ֮棬תҲ졣
ڤʲôԶƺµ˲ڤΪȵ
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ڤݵúеɱ죬ʱڤΪ޹أҲΪԷľٶּ졣
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ֻ֮ľʮɣҪϢʱܽӽԷ
ڤʮɴСԶλΪһӰһ־ɱУغڤ
СкͰζˣ˵Ŀ꣬ǲڤյڤħͼ
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ɱ˽أ򿼫֮͵Ϯ
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ڤ˲˵ķӦڤħͼʱҧָһξѪڤħͼ֮ϣ˫ʮָɽɹŹֵӡտһķ䣬дʣؿֲ
ӡĿ̻ɹճһصѪڤħͼϵľѪϣ˲䣬һֲӰڤħͼֳ
ƺһѪɫԪ飬Σģȴ˼
һӣֻ۰򣬼צӣֲ쳣
Թ֮ʱ˸оһڤĽŲ˲һֻǱϾţ˲ѹŭس˲ڤ
ס֣Ϊвɣ
ѣֹСŰȵ
ָˣһģԶָŰŭȵ

ʱ򣬰û˵ϵԪһӿΪҪ֮ʱȴǽȭԶϡ
һз̫죬֮ľֻвһɣһȭУԶˡ
԰ڶԷȭʱҲһƳ֡
䡭
ʵԶҪǿһ֣ԣһ֮ԶɣֻǺһɶࡣ
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Ѫţ
ŲڤһŹֵĺУڤħͼ˳ǵѪɫԹ飬˷̨ϵĽ

СУκͱŭ죬еıȫڤħͼ˹ȥ


464 ŭ
ҵͱ˿籣һ׼·һ㣬ڤħͼ
ʧǣڤħͼϢѹҪǣٶʵ̫ˣ·ǳԽʱһ㣬ֻһϢʱ䣬㵽˷̨֮ϣٴαɿɳǵѪɫԪ飬ȴʮɸߡ
ʱսͣˣǵĿؿ̨ʱ򣬲ڤߵһ˿Ѫ˳°Ⱦ졣
ڵϣ˿۾ȴǾâ˸Ȼɹˡ
Ԫ鿿֮ʱ˲仯ǧķģѸٳС
ɹˣڤѣ뵽˻֮У֪ĿĴﵽˣվ˫ʮָɣڤħͼ˲䱻ٻصС
ٺٺ٣ڤֶֺΰڤɹʩչʩչܿأ򿼫˲ڤԡ
ЩҳݣڤûһЦ⣬ʱĿȫͣСе˵ϣԷĳ
ʱ򣬰ѵõ¶ϲ֮ɫ۾ضŽڤֵȻͬ죬ֶΣ̾簡
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Ǻǣ֮Ͷѣڰ֣ش
濴˴ʱ໥ǼΪʵ˶֪ΪԼѣڷֵΡ
ڤԣԹʩչģӦףǰֹԶĹƣԣҲǰףǶļҪԸҲҪȥ
ڤ󱲣󱲣үǣأ򿼫ɫѿ֮ӳڻ֮УǱ޿ɱܣ֮ŭѪӿֲɱֱŲڤ
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أ򿼫û뵽ڤͻȻ֣߰꣬ǰĲڤЩš
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СһսȦ˱˺ܶ࣬ǶսˣҲ÷ǳңµʱ˼롣
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أ򿼫԰Ͳڤ˵ǾУȫԸ˿϶֣ڤԽڤħͼƣȫԼǰֻ꣬ӵһʥ׵ôսǿأ򿼫ء
οϻһǿСУóҲһսʤСС
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465 
ˣȻڤκβˣֱϹǿתҵ취ߣӹµµתͣ˼ôߣȴҲ·ʱɫѿ֮
꣬ʱ֮⣬һ֮ɫӣڲǰˣ֮ǰֲͣԻ⣬ıֹһѾ֮ء
ţʱ죬ԼԲǶ֣ԷЩֶΣһսԽնɱˡ
ˣ
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޺޵صһͻȻ֮ǰһУȻһЩǵˣǻһģ䣬²⵽Ӧħˣ
ʱƺȫ˱˿飬ľʺ췣顣


466 ٴ
Ҳһ켫пܻ뿪磬뿪ɱ¾þ
Ȼ֪Լ˼С磬ÿһض̡
ǣļģֻʺ췣
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467 
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ӷ𣡾ʮأȴʩһϯҡ˷ģֻǼյʱ䣬ұʶ붼ûţʩ˴۽簡С˫ֺʮһݣ̾
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˵Լħɱ˲գۣȥ󣬱ڸֵ֪֪
һ˵ҲȻҶ״̬Ȼо棬ȴҲĽϾħ֮ԲȣԻصʵ״̬õسħ
ţ˱㽫֮ǰһ𾪷£̽һЩйضɽٵ顣
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ող׽еһ˿ɫԣԼݣƺ԰õԼɵ÷֮ǰĽţ˱İȻ죬ǵжԹϵܿ׳޶ãȻˣȻҪһⲻǰҲǰң룬㣬Ҳôģ
첢ûм˵̍ǰı仯ظоˣ⣬Ҳûдʱ붫̍һսΪԷ˵ĺܶԣؿԼĵ׳ģȡȶ̍˻ҪֲֶΡ
ܺã֮ĳԹԺٽ쿴һ۶̍ĿƵڤϣڤ֣ʲôҪ˵𣿡
µƮƺЩΣǼᶨ֮䣬ܻһսģ֮ǰΪҾԳΪҵĶ֣ȴ뵽ʵǣⲻҪɱɣ֮ԹΪϵǵħӰ
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470 Ȫҩ
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˲䣬һ籩ɣ·龳ߵԱһ㣬ɢʧս˫ѾԷˣɳȥսصģֻһֲУشݲŴء
һ֮󣬽ԶԷֲˣ̍˿ʮɣСҲ˿ʮɣֻСһĵȻ̍ޱȣһ˫ӳ޾ĺ⣬ڲͣزţƺһЩ˺ۣĵת޸š
ԭСôǿõĻԵֻ֮ƽս
õҩ磬Ȼȿ죬ǾЩ鸡ȴǱȲЩһۻʵ
ʱ򣬶̍ԼڣսȻǲʤǽս˫ף˭ǿ˭
ϸһ룬̍ҲȻˣʱѾǸ죬ίȫĶ̍ھһˡ
غһƽΪûȡʤˬ·Ƕһ㣬ԼĿ
ƽؿСУصսΪֹԺлᣬֽ̣
˵꣬ȫƣȼյһ˲Ϩ𣬹âһֱ̍ת˺
Сп̍нսϵĵȻ΢Цһû˵һռ⾳ʩչ֣˲ϢصȺС
Զ˸ղŵһս૵صƽ֣Ȼƽ֣ⶫ̍ãһѽǻɱˣԺҪرעˣЩСˣó͵Ϯ
Ȼһǲɷϣʱʵȷʵǿ󣬿Ск죬ܹʤɫȻ̍ʵǿ˵ʲô¡
ʱķչܻ̍ûȵʸ񣬵Ŀǰ̍һУ֮϶ġ
Զ˵ԺҪӱעˣղŶ̍ı仯˿ɶԭȿļһѾѧˣ⽫һΪ鷳顣
Сл˹һЦȻߵߴ̍Ͳڤ߸޷
ʱֻСϵļѸٵسţعһ˿ѪɫϵԪѸתһ죬ŽƽϢ
һĻֻͰοˡ
˵ĿԶһ䣬źۼؿСУֻСֻǵصͷ˶ʱˡ
һս濴ƽ֣룬㷢Сȡƣֻ֪ԼС·磬ֻˡ
ʱ򣬶˲ò¹̍սˡ
˲أֻǼϢСбԷŵ֮Ѹٸԭ塣
һս˵һЩ⣬⣬˵߾衣
ʱ˿ʼȻ벻ոյĴսƬ֮󣬴ҵĻת˳·ϣ̍ͲڤȴŴȥ
ϾԺѾûбȥˣǵʮʯңƶ̍ѾȥˣֻͬǸսʱ򣬿ǿмСأǶֻǽһΪԣСţûȥˣҲвٵı
֪·ЩطתƣȻлԵûг·õ˻ԵҲȻԶΧ
ȥ￴ɣǼһѾȥˣҪٵõʲôȻǾ鷳ˣοѾŵĶ̍Ͳڤصص
ɽǰ·Ȼ˴Ȼг·أ򿼫ľ
߰ɣ˽ԶСš
ʱСŲûʲô쳣һԿԺǣȥʱ˷֣Ѿٹڲˣһµĵطƺ빬йأȴޱȵĿ·һУһ㣬ǧɼĵطûһ˿谭ǧ֮⣬סˣʶ޷̽͸


476 ֮
üӲľʯɣŵĻɫ˳ƺܾû˴ˡ
Ҫ֪Ŀǻ֮моһ˿ҳġ
ôһ㳾֪˶ꡣ
˵ĿԶµĻʯЩʯͷȻӲޱȣȴ޷ֵסºͻߵ˫عϿӿݵģ·ǱģȻһȭŵĺۼȴԿֲƻĺۼ
ǿߴսµģ
ϵĺۼǱսɨγɵģѾûγ֮ƽ֮ʴͬһ㡣
Ǿ粻߻߷˿ΪЩʯȻеġ
ǣЩЩ򵥵޷Ӷݳǵ۹ģǱ۾ִЩۼǾԶս
ʷµıʼǣȻµĳˢ£ȥĽǿԽϵս档
۵ģֻЩʱľǿߡ
ȻʯҲһЩԶԱȽµĺۼûЩۼʴôأЩۼƺǹµģЩನĺۼȣǻᣬᣬҲ޷ֿ֮ʴǴֲڵĺۼ
ٷս߼˲ٵʱ䣬һ㣬սǷ˺ܾˡ
ʱ˲룬ʲôط
֮ǰڵõﴫеʱǶ⣬ǣЩо޴˲佫֮Ժ
ʱЩδɻǲò
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Ȼ˳˼УǿɲΪСǱĻУʫ˴󷢡
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Ȼ䣬ɫ΢䣬һ˫ôģǿɰָֻǵۣҼˣǳ̨ϵֽ⣡Īǰµģ
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ʥԶɫ΢䣬漴ѿڶ˵λʥ
˵ΪʵĴŮӣԽǸʱΪҫ۵Ĵڣʱ򣬰οˣʶǷƽʱҲʹԣ뽣йصȽС
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۹ʱµģʱѾʶˣСо˵ţҲ
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ʱСǰڵҵһģָӡ૵ص黨ָ黨ָϢһǾʦµģѾЩµĺۼԶˣ˿Щǿߣˣǵ·û
ʱ򣬰ҲͣһӡǰģĺۼȷʵӦǰµģ
ʱ˶ϸĵѰµĺۼأ򿼫ȭӡԶ˵ӵӡɱҵ˽׵Ľۡ
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˶ڽǰǵ㼣棬Ҫĵ
ʶȫչڳѰµĺۼȴټ
԰ʵ츳㼣Ӧ۵ģΪȴûأ
ѵԼ©ˣ
˼ΣȻûзֻ֣գԶȥ
̍ͲڤѾͣԶһΪԵľ
һʯ󣬲Ƶʯ󣬽ɸߣڻʯϣ˫۰ڳһָ㽭ɽͣһϣʧȥҪĲ֡Դ
Զ۹ȥǾ޴ԴѾʧȥķֻ֮򦲿֣ϿڴֲޱȣǱ֮ʴģƺȳĵطҪеöࡣ
ʱ˾ط֣ߵڳͣƺ̺һ־
ȫעͶʱ򣬷ͷʯˣ·˫ֻţһʽʽбݻʥ
߶񼼺ʥЩһЩǰľޱȣֻҪʵ㹻ȫԽӳֻҪʥߵľС
ҡҡͷ۾գһ£ĿٴƵʱȴʱһµ似֮ǰȫͬ
󾪣
ٴοһʯ񣬷ֻµʽ
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ʱֹ֪İ˸Ҳʯ̺ľԣû˷һʱ䣬ȫھĲ
첢ûмȥ˵ʵľеǿϵľˣȱ⼸С
ֻʯǶЩԣŲӣûзһ˿죬ŵ˵Ĳ
ʮϢ֮Ѿʯǰ̧֮ͷϣʯ·һɽһ㣬ס˰졣
еľԶϢƲʱֻһ˿ϲ֮⣬컹оһ˿¼š
Եʣֻıһ޵Уѵãһֹ¶֮С
ʯϵĴּ֣ҪˣⷽԶ֣治֪ԭʲô


һֺܲĸо
Ҫ֪ζʲôȡζʲô
磬Ϊ𣬼ЩǿߣֻĸֵķšֵҲڱȽģģǱϿɵģҲΪĪϵ
ǣţ̫ˣ飬ģЩг񣬲ʵ޵У⡣
ɲΪʯı޵еĳ̶ȡ
ʯղݻļоУֻΪ˾ž޶ѣ޵֮ˣֻ࣬ûҵЩԻǿ߶ѡ
쿴ʣҲ۷ʱȡš


477 װ
˿ֻһͽ
ֵķţ壬ĳļۣǱبǿߣ˭ֻҪư磬ȡƺţԺˣžˣ
һֻЩǿߡķΧ̫Ҫȡƺţûпܡ
ɽв˳ɧǧ꣡
𣬹ħڤЩǣҲȡķš
Сһ˵罣ʥһƣһʥߵֻҪڽ޵еʥǿߣſԵõʥƺš
ʥķžʥڽʥǱ˵ƣ˵ʱڽΪܵУűƺġ
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εҡҡͷԼй֪֮ϵǿߣڣľȷʵΪĲƸ֮һľȱ˿˺ܶ࣬ԣվʯǰû˿ѹ
ĿⳡϣϸظʯƣͻȻɫˣ漴Цˡ
һ飬һޱȴѪڵ顣
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ʣ
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ʣ
Ȼ
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첻̾Լڷ̨ʣԼǷҲƣ
˼һ֮ӼᶨˣȻڷ̨սʤʣôĵطͬ㼣飬óԽŶԵԼ
ͷԶİˣǶھ۾زʯݳľεҡҡͷţߣԼʣ¶Сеһϵضڵأ
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ʯĲҲӲޱȣ֮ҲûнٻԴ£ʵȭӡ֮⣬ûбĻٻۼԴôģ
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ʱ뵽ٵԴǿߣֻһУ·һָʯԴˣһָ̺˻֮ԣŻ޾Ļ֮ɱ¾þ֮С
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УǺΪ
첻˸ս˻ۣҲǻۣ޵ľܣȫһ㡣
ĻҪСˣ
ǣȻһ룬Ի۵أǿ˳ۣС綼ữΪ֮ûһ˿Ҫ˵
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˿ˣӦòǻΪϾ̫ˣǿ˻߲֮ģӦûС
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һʽ̺֮ʺѧϰԣɲŹѵõĻᣡ
ΧΪŨĻ֮۾ʶ⽫ʮɵָۣϸظӦ̺Ϣ
ģ붨״̬ϵĻ⾳ر仯š
оԼԻ⾳ƺڶˣ羪κһ㣬ʱʱͣʱۣʱɢ䡣
ͣõĴԲƺɶˣ·һǽڣֻҪƵͿȥ
ʱԼԼܵ⾳ڱ仯ţЩ򵥵߷󣬷·ţһޱȵĴ
ƺ⾳Ḷ́һǽ֣֮֮⾳תƵǽ
ģָΧĻ֮Զȫ۶ԭԿüӰʱѾƵĻ֮ˣûټҲ޷ӦϢ˻ߣǻߡ
ʯˣûһ쵽ı仯߽ʯ鶼֪ΪǴһۿµľʱȫеסˣǳ׵ؽһݻ磬ԺֻһӰݻž
ʵȻʵǿԵģ½ںߵ֡
µЩ似ֻ췢Уˣֻһʽ˸ˣܹ˰ʽÿһ򵽵ʽָͬ
źȴҲˣЩ似ڶ˵
ֵȽ׵ľԣҪһʽҲҪѲٵʱ䣬οǱȲǡ
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ʱȫ֮ˣ·γһһļ룬һ˿˿֮뵽֮Уʶ
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ʱ֮󣬺Ȼ䣬ΧΧĻ֮˲ӿγһɷ籩УС


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ʱͷų˼ΪֲĻϢбڻ⾳ⲻĵӣʵķԾ
ǶµѾͻƿڵĸǽ˲̮һԶ磬ǰ
ʱ򣬶ʶеԪֹͣСܾ֪ԼͻˣǾͻƣʶͻƣǴͻơ
Ļ֮ʮɵĿֲ֮أ⾳˰塣
ʱ죬Ѿǿǰˣʮ겻˰壬Щ壬Ҳһ컯
֮ɲʲôˮ֮С
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˻߰죬֮ǰ죬ʣ΢ı仯⾳ʹڲͬҫۣô壬ʹغһ
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ȻĿڻ֮İУÿһ˿֮ǵĻ̺֮Ǿһָİ
ϸشһ˿˿֮и⾪һָϢأԺ·һ档
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ĵһԼӡǣʹС񡱵ʣſưټĹ㳡ϣЦء
ͬʱԼһ׾УΪĤߺԵ˵Ĵѧɡ
ȥһֱ˱𣬿İ˷һ޵µԽУľĤݡ
Ȼһ죬ѿһֲĻ֮һ޴ָͻȻ֣·ǿӷ򣬿ֲʯеӡǣֱָӴʯԴ
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ʱȥˣʶУɫ˲ͣػûǾһָʼգ˷ܣսʵİԿڽ֮ϡ
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ǿ϶ģΪߣ似ǱزٵأǶ似һ߷ӳǿս
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ƲɼãȡҲ
οָɲƣ
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һߣÿһ϶ɢſֲɱ֮·Խսʿһ㡣
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ҲǴͳ㳡ĴҲǴͳĴ
ϢŹʷƺʯΪԶҲ󷨡
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479 Ź
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밲ȫ뿪㳡Ҫĸʯ£ȫﴫ̨
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ķܼ򵥣ȴֲΪΣա
ңʵߣһ޷뿪ģ
ֱӵķӲֻҪǿʯвͻԺˣһԵﴫ̨
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磬Ҫȸ֮ķ룬ǱҪð׻ȸ֮ķ봳ߣȸעͬʱ֮ķҲҪȥע
Ļȸ֮ķճֻҪպʱٳ뵽̨ɡ
ķɲΪ󷨻ô״
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һ󷨵һЩδ֪ȷƽϡ
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ûнУѾоʯɱѾʵʻˣһߣֻҪɨ٣Ҳ޷ѡ
ǰģ͵ģǵ۾ʣ˶ʥߣȻԵֿ
Ϊ״νĵ;ߣҪΪһѪˡ
һ룬첻ͷƤ飬ɱѾ˴粽ˣδ֪Σգ·ô߰
ڣǿپͼԼѾɱ¾֮ǿ̽һ
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һ£һʹԼȫ侲˷·һʯͷûһ˿Ϣ¶
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ʯ˲ɢ˿ֲƣ·ֻһ㣬͸һѪ֮
һɹɱһ㣬˲ӿĺҲ̤еʱ򣬱ɫ䣬оһɽѹҪֱʮֵĳ
ƶΪѣŬǰһ㿴ʯˣǽŲȸʿֱתеĳǹȻ˴ֲֿɱ⣬һļ£ʶ˿ĽŻûƶʿҲˣһѳ˹ȫǿֲɱ⡣

˲䱻ɱ⻮ֻ̫ǿǿֲɱ޷ºۼ
Ҳû룬һ̤˲뿪Ƿ
ʱֻʯ˲صԭλ·ʲôҲûзһĹĻɢȥҲ˲ͣϢ֮ٴνУһжûб仯һ㡣
쿴ǰĴ󲻽ð亹ֲ̫ˣ˵˾ƿǿߣҲҪޡ
ֲƣҪУѶ̫ˣ
ΨһõǣʯжٶȣȻ죬ȴҲȲһš
еѹ̫ǿǵٶȷӲѶʯĻɱ
һˣ
һǺͨģ
˼ڤ˰죬ûҵʺķ֮£ֻʱ
ķʱ䣬úõʱûȥо󷨡
ʱȻһ飬۾һ
ⲢйأʯеõǸռָӦвٱɣ
ʶ̽һǰİˣڲóöռָʶһ̽ƣۣѭһķ޷ƿпܻ˽ָ
ϣϸƽ֮ȥˣƿ˽ơ
ޱȵ̽ʶʱɵˣʲôﰡֻ˵һѷ
ɶѵҩȫ˿ݲݣûһ˿һɫľʯ·ߵɳӣȫʧֻռ˴ƬĿռ䡣
ڻһЩƷ˵ô
ʶһһɹӵ̳Уһ˱Σ̻෱ƣһͷʹ֪̺ܲһ㣬ƶʥˡ
ǣƬ֮ȴʧ֮Ϊ֣ѾˣĽƶʧˣǿ޸Ƿһ顣
ӽռָȻó˵ڶƷ
һöͭƣʮֹϣĻƺͼڣһҲֻĸϢȻһϲ컹ǿö
Ƚϴ֣ƣΪ족üͷ΢ֵ˼ǲ̫һ㣬йء
Ƶķ棬š֣һ£ˣһƣҲơ
죬Ǵŵ֣Ӧڻɣֻŵȵȡ
ƵĲϣƷ׻𣬿ɼһǸһ
½˽̫٣ʲôģû˵
εҡҡͷ콫ûֱӽԼĿռָһõĶʵûôˣͽƳһˡ
̾һʶһһȽϤĶ
һͼܹϵĵͼ
ֻǵͼһ֣ΪҲкü飬óǼ飬໥ƴ˼£ָղһ˿Լֻӵһֶѡ
ܸоͼһĵͼ˵Ѿһˣ軭ĵطһء
ԼһҪ취һͼȥһط
еĵͼװԼĻ֮УȻöռָûҵһõĶεؿ̾һöռֱָӽԼĿռָȻڵϣʼоˡ


480 ֮
Ҫѧϰ䣬һĻ򣬲Ȼʹò䡣
һ£ҪʦˮƽһҪȵ£ſʩչ䡣
ѾɲûһĻҪʩչ䣬ֻǳ˵Ρ
ϸһ£컹Ǿ̤ʵأԼĵƥ䣬ʱ򣬹ʸʩչˡ
ڵϣ˰붨״̬һ˿עΧı仯Ĵ󲿷עͶ뵽ˡϡ
ãһŲʱ˳˲״̬վС˹
ӷʩ벻ôɱСһ죬̾
ɱ˵ʯ̺ľһ㶣漴Ȼﲻɵøӱ⡰ˣȻѼʽΪɱǾԵĿ
ԡľһ׵ļɱȸ֪һ£Ȼ֪ǿȲʮȴΪ̫ˣ֪ľأֲñ˻ԴԭԴ
ʩĪ㲻֪Լľ֣Свɵһ㶣ɫɻѣ죬ʵ
ǺǣѣҲûȥʲôɱûȤ쵭һЦСйɫָž޴ʯԿ࣬ٿԴ֪һֻһͽѣҼҪѧҲҪѧһߴľǾ粻־ȴͨ˿ȵģľһеľѧ
ĻСһȣɲΪͽ֮ղһʽŵĶ似ˣʶƵʯλʱɫ䣬ʧǺΪ
΢΢һЦʣ
Сһɫֱ䣬̾һӷʹȻǾžޣܣ츳ȫѧļһʽǴ½ڶʵǵ
漴ӻʯԴֵⲻ֪λǰֶΣֱһ㣡
ǺǣҲֻ֪֪ԷֻһָûԴӡҲʧˣʱһϢݻľҡҡͷͷʯ񣬿̾磬Զ֪жǿߣ
ӷЩ¶Զʱǿˣڶ֪ȥĶˣѾ˱ΪһgˣСпʯҲǿ̾ѡ
ʱһӰȻһЦ첻һ˲ʧ񡣱ƽʱǲЦģղһЦȴľﶼȻʧɫ
ӷ𣡱ʩʵƺСпűɫ΢ԣֻһʽʵƺʵ𾪡
츳Լ
ҶѣĻ٣ҲֻжһŻкܶ໰
ʱ򣬶˵ĿƵŹ֮ϣɫ
󣬲ưСо̾һ漴Ĭ֪˼ʲô
û˵ֻǾվԣɫҲء
ȴǺֲܿҸղ̽һ£Ǵʱľ磬Ҫ͸ûпܣ쿴˵ɫ֪Ƿ˴İ
Ŷ˳ĬŵſֲѹǴʱΪж̶ңʯɱ⣬ʽУҲҪޣ
ô죿С·ͷһΡ
û취ֻһˣһΪˣ˵а취ҡҡͷεص
Ƭ֮󣬰αˣĿһֱͣŹϣֱ죬ͣɫһء
ֻ֮ʱ˲һϲֻεҪѪˣôĻܣûˣү
ѣ֮ϲѣ
УеΣȴ޷޳ģֻܿԼˣεͷ
һۣеϲεʳٴοΣѷģǻᲹĵģ
ζʱɫ䣬죬֣⻰ʲô˼Ƽˮ꣬ҲԵ֣һ˻ѣںʲôĪֿĳ
ɫ΢䣬Ǹŭˣݹ֣
ʱεɫźָǰż˵ʵ㹻ˣֱӴȥģֻȡʤȴ޷󣡡
˵ţռָһֻܳڵϣȫ켶ƶɣԼһɸߣ˫
ܣǳͣ׼ʥԳսɱУֻҪ㹻УֻʱҪӴϵľʯȫʮˣҲûдˣοǰĸߴܣɫҲأȡʱ䣬ʱԼԿƣеҪеģ
ﻹһЩƷʯ²һ죡ó˽ʣļƷʯεص
֣ʯŰɣȷʵЩãǶʮҲûʲôЧΰڰ֣֮һЩ󷨣Դӿʯҩ͵ҩ֮ȡһЩҩ͵ҩӦһһˣƿԴչ
һҩҩҲԣɫ΢䣬˼óһƿȫǴеƵĸѪԼǧö֮ࡣ
ݸΣ֣ЩҩƲǴմɣ
ҩҲи߽׵ĵҩǣó˵ʵڵģȲѵʱЩǲܱ¶ġ
Щ׼Ʒ͹ˣ˻ûиհ˸˵óҲԡ
óһѵҩɫ䣬ջǽӹˣ֣Щʲô
Ѫ
ɫЩȻҲûƸ죬֣ŰɣҲ²ⲻĻӦɢޣСɣ
ɫ䣬ֻƷŶѣ
һɫ䣬ɵһɾ⣬ȿڣʵԴʮʱó˼Ʒʯұ²СһĴ붼ʹƷʯ
һŵûԽıԴȴĽ츳ʵʵǲʣֻҪվ֮۵ģЩҩţԺõĶԷأǼ˴մվˣ
ӷʩҩŰɣЩҩ͵ҩǿԴմģСóһռָװƿƿ޹ޣһЩС


481 
ҲУİ˽ҩΣ»ݣбӦÿԲһЩҲóһռָ˰Ρ
ĻκСһȣȻдôõҩ͵ҩǻǺٴϵģ洫ӣޱźԴּҩʱòġ
һ»ݺΣ۾Źˣǰ˽ҩѩˡ
óЩʵڰֹˣΣ֣ⵤҩԵģȻ׼ƷƷʶģȿ˵
֪ԼĵҩȽ׵ͣﲻƴҩĵȽףǱȶԿܵ䡣
Щ߽׵ҩҩȻ̺˳ǣĵͽ׵иص㣬Ǳǵơ
еƵĵ̺һ˿ϣоã֮󣬻ὫΧ£Ϊ߲䣬˫¡
ȻֻǼ򵥵еͽƶɵĵҩΪλȸ߽ҩڡ
ԣĵҩһʯ
һ㶣θɻˣɲΪ˵󻰣һⵤҩĲһ㡣
˵ջ˵ҩȻóһƿ֮˲䣬ɫˣʧƣ
Скͱһɫ䣬СҲû룬һѶеĵҩһö۾Ź⣬·ǶǶһ㣬ӷҶ¬ǷҵڣȻ⣬ʦ尡Ľ㣡
˵֮ȻְεһͱǺֵؿҩװԼĿռָȻҲóƿݵǰѣǵҩҰɣҶµķĵƷȻƷûĺãƷ׻ԣƿ㣬ô
ɫǹֵֹģһҧóһƿѣƿһƿ
ͱСеľٶסˣһɮ˰һ̰ĹͷһҩȻʩĳɡѡˣ˵ܾԷĵҩֲȱҩ
ʱζˣһ嵽СǰקסСеĸ첲̰ǵҩ㲻ãϿңңһܵõʮöǿǱⲻ
ʩԲӣ鵤ҩԵߵ֮ⵤҩУǱԵʩɲԵСѰΣؿŰΣһص
аԵԲƣԵƣЩңȻҾͲˣһŭݺݵв
ô˵СɫȻصľȴûм
غһȻ۾ɵôģȻȵͺ¿ЩҵҩȻҾһֱͺ¿
εĻ㱻׵ĵڵϣԭεĲǳڳడ⡣
ѵǴŵڲ֮ͬ
Ҳһȣ쾹Ȼôõĵҩ֮ǰܳȵСкͰΣȻôŹֵһ棬ֱ㶵ؿǰĶˣС󣬴δ˾ʵĳ档
磬Ȼʣ
СεĻҲǵһЦӷƽȣʩĽзûд
Сһ˵ζʱˣɺ޺޵ضСУͨ졣
СһְֻסռָĿƵεĿռָʩƶɮղʮƿڷֶ༸ңõҩ㻻
һһԴ·Ȼһ㣬ϵĲϲȫȥ˷ܵؿСУ·ҫҹЩƿﶼеƵĵҩĽ㣡
˵óƿСǰҸ㻻͸ղŵһJ
ʱһ㶣ʲô˼ɻ֮£֣ЩҩеưΪʲôҪ
һһ㶣СҲһ㶣ɫҲˡ
ջеƿӣƿһ̣ɫˣ˵סƿӣŻؿռָȻóһƿ鿴
Ƭ֮һ𾪵ؿ죬óһƿӣصУ֣һҪúãȥҸõطⶫֵߣϡ٣ϴ٣ǿó߽׵ҪóƷʵĵҩǺѵģ
ʱСҲóһƿҩУʩĵҩ㣬Ȼʩ˼ҪˣҲ˼
ʱסˣ˵ľٶ򽬺ûôһ¡
ĬƬ̣˼·˵˼εЦһ£ҩֳݣһֹɣ
ڰ֣λϲ°ɣֵҩҲȱ
ôܣǲ˹ŵʥķĹǵǵĶˣȻôôֵҩοɫɻѡ
һЦˣЩҩȫԼƵģȡ˵ģ
ʲôԼƵģΣϾСкͰɫˣɫҲˣȫһŵɫ
Щҩȫ֣ͷ
֣⻰ɲ˵֮ˣҴڿиӰģСɫȻ
Ѿˣôһ˵츳ôѲȫȥͶ̥
ҲǲţϾҪƳĵҩ½ûмõļŶĵʦǣǵĲ̫ˣɵҲٵĿҩ˷˲١
ɫ䣬һˣ˵飬ЩҩȷʵƵģ
˻һ˰죬ŻعСлΧתȦˣͣشţ·ڿһ
ˣŶ˵ɫٿһ۾ðǵıױˣˣҵҲԵŵõִеģ˵˵ȥҲã
˵꣬ٴɨһ۶ˣлûͳȥĵҩУЩ˵Ǳ˵ֻһЩҩѣûжôҴ˴γУ˲٣ܴһֶˣʣĲֻ࣬һˣһȥˣڶһЩ͵Ǹлλʱ飡
ȻȥɣҲûˣ
֪ôشֻصͷȴϲ֡
һŮӣŵĺǻȻ֪Ƶҩ󣬿ǲûаζᣬԣֵҩﻹǱȽģġ
ǣʱ˿̣ʲô鵤ҩҲںǷĸʲôֻҪ뵽ҩͻȸԾ֮


482 ̰Ĺ
κСһĻ˷ܾȫһеģûʲô
콫˵ɫ۵ף뵽еҩ˼ƽϣΣ֣һ£Щ߽ҩҪƵ׼ƷߵؽƷԴ棿
һ㶣뿴죬ʮֲ⣬Ҳ֪ԼЩͻû취ҩջ̫ǿˣ㿪ڵʵһЩҩȡеЩҩ
һ£ˣȻûʲô仯ȴǾ̾ޱȣǴʱȴǿƳеƵĵҩˡ
ԣЩҩĵҩҪٰٵǧöСеһ죬ϾǧöĵҩһʱԸ㶨ģңҩҲ
û£һʱ䣬ұԸ㶨ڰ֣һĵ񣬵ھǰһǳˣ˳չеҩ
û⣡Сһ׮εͷһϲоǰ˲仯Ϊü룬ɷǵĵʦߵʥле˱ǵľ
ȴע⵽һ⣬Ƕ̍ͲڤǷҲҪ
еİҲʵһ֮ĳԹȷҪ
΢΢һЦ˵ģûĵˣֻ棬ԵȡҩǻԸģȻԽеҩٸһãϾҪȥóѪ
ӷʩǴϻۣƶɮĻСͻȻôһ䣬˲һۣоСб仯̫ˡ
ѣûʲôϻ۲ϻ۵ģҪȡҩֱӿھУҲﰵӣѰȷǳ𣿡
Сһ㶣¶ڨڨЦ⣬漴۾ؿһܣȻںһŵҵڣװۣҿʦ岻ȻҪˣ
漴ڼ𾪵УҸǡʵܲеģͺ¿ƭ˵зԣ˺лĽгԲ⣬ȲļȣȢС檣
ذ̾һŵǣһжˣҵͷ˼̣Ҫǣɽҳ⣬ҺȾƣҪǣóһѱǰȴ
ﲻҲˣϰ˾ͺãԣʱϼһȡнɫҽ飬ǱҴͷΪ̰⽥ȥȻȿζ⣬ʤ˾񣡲μʱҪҽԱ̰Щıȫʦûˣްǲɲʦãǧ檣޾ⲻĻʵۻҪңôûأ
˵Сз·һԹԹ
Сеĳɫ䣬Ȼκ죬ȴ͵͵Ц
ԭǸٺаʵ̲סˣЦŵ
ټ٣ټ棬ߵʧ̾һʱ·һ
ԲùЩҵ𣿡쿴СУɫ
ĿǰһǰЩѾϰߣȻ˳ģҶԱ̰ȴ޷ķŹֻľ£ſɣԣһǵȥˣЩ飬ǷҲһõ˵ʵСеɫָˣص
Ҳǣ磬Ϊ˭ֻõĿأ̾ѣͻȻ뵽ȴ˵еķŴܣǶһЩǵʵ־ġ
һ룬ȻԼŵԼ뷨ȥĻǻЩϣŵǲ۷ˣ⴩ãһŷģ
СͻȻһ㶣˲ĬϸƷĻ֮󣬲ŵӷʩл۸ȥҶ˵Գɷ𣡡
ǺһЦҡҡͷҵǿϢʺԼѵĺ⣬ˣ
С֪϶ӦģҲãֻɵӲŻӦӦķʺϣҲ˵
쿴һˣЩͲ˵ˣȡհȫȥ磬ᣡ
Ҳ˵һɣȻ커
ڵ棬ó鶦Ʋ¶ףǣʱЩҪҪǲˡ
ңʱԼԼĲֻҪ룬㲻ؼƽϣȥˡ
ʱ򣬱Ƚ棬ûע⵽鶦óʱ˵ɫˡ
ӦΪУԣһ鶦оеĲ
ȷʵ񶦰һǵﰡأ򿼫񶦻ҪðǺСҲǼˣĳʹ¶˱ԡ
ʱһŲֻأ򿼫ԶԶˣҪȭк
뵽أ򿼫ͬһɫ䣬ʮָ촽ֹأ򿼫˵ȻС
أ򿼫ɻ󲻽ߵǰʱ򣬷ϣüͷһ£Ȼ鶦˲ɫ䣬۾ɵĴģ˰죬˵һ仰񡭡񶦣
Զ쳣е㷽񶦣֪ζʲô˷һ񶦵Сܲ𾪣
˵㱻һԣŹ˵һΣأ򿼫һСкͱЩɻƺ԰εĻЩɣ΢΢ףҲû˵Լղصҩҩͳͳ˳
֪֮ʱѾ֪ı𾪣ֻε˵һԣ˺ͰһĹ
ģɱҲˣϵûҩʯȴһϴ˵ĹˣΪʯ壬ܷõҩԣû뷨ҪƵĵҩ
εʧȻֱյҩȴõҩȡʯҪĿʯ;ʯ
ʱһһعȥˣ컹˼ţ֮ˣѾתȫ
̍Ȼ޲ýǧУʹ䲻ֻأ𣬵ǣŹغֲʲôȻᱻǰ˺ɱ
ڰεƭ£ϵҩ׳ҩȴûóһöϾ죬ſֲķͻָһˣָϣҲûеҩˡ


483 Ԫ
Ͼɱ¾þһУȥ˵֮Ѫɱ֡
ʱ˲мɲΪˮƽжߡ
칬вʦʦģһɢޣʲôˮƽ
Ҫ֪칬ʦǿɶҩιģǴӿʼ񣬲֪˷˶ҩЩҩóȥԽһƷˣ
ڤȴѡˮƽϲ۷ʲôΪ棬Ȼ̡
ҲóһЩҩͿʯһЩǳЩǳŵʱڴıҩߵĪĺôǴʱ˿̣Ĺ׳Ȼпܱǰļնɱ
ЩˣΪû׼һȽԵ͵ҩԼϵĸ߽ҩͿԱ
ûкҩԣʧ춨

쵹ûע˵ҲûбϽϣ·붨һţӦʲôã
Ѫ׵ǳǣҪƳԻҩĵȻ׵Ƚ̫͡
ǣĸֻ׵ûеؽ׵ģ˼һ֮һµĵҩһʱòЧȴȸҪðٱĵҩ
Ԫؽ׵ҩƷȻ¼ƷһöͿһͨ龳߿ݽߵԪǱȽĵҩԭֵҩʹö
ͨиԪҲ᲻ãֻЩſֵҩ
ң͸ԪƷһֻҩĲͬ
ͨĸ߽ҩƣǣԪҪҩſƣң󲿷ֶҩ
ԣֵҩ󣬿ɼһߡ
ȻˮƽԵҩӰܴ󣬺ܶƸѾһ׵ҩˣֻҪˮƽʦŻѡϡٵĸ߽ͨҩġ
ʵǰƸԪˣΪȸӰ󣬿Իȡɶѵʯ
ʱڻչ˲ٵĵͽҩΪƸԪֻǣû뵽ֵʱǰˣһ¡
ȡһռָװȫҩģȻ˾ʼȵ
ʲô棿оֲܿԶһɫ䣬·ǰɫĻ𻨣һֻޣоһļ¡
ƺ̫ϲ棬ԾһĺԵĹйذɡ
ùĻ棡أ򿼫üͷ˼ߵضħԨȸҪֲ
μǼʶܹ㣬ȴҲʶСУֻСҲҡҡͷӷƶɮҲϲֻ棬˿ֲĻĪǴ˵е𲻳ɣ
̍ȻԵĹֻǾһĵҽеĻ𣬶ֻףܵ˿ֲв
ϣֻвڤһ˺򶨣ɫڲˣʮϢ֮ɫˣֻɫϺ죬ڤأ⡭ĪǴ˵еľ
ԵһЩɻˣȻɻûнӴйص򣬻в˲֪ǣκСˣȻ˵ĴǵĿԶ˲ڤҪõԷȷ
ڤһֱͣ鶦еľϣо˼˵Ŀ⣬ͷǳҲȷȴ޷뵽Ļƣ
Ǿӷ벻￴ʮľСޱȣЩ𣬿ɱҪѵãҶ£һ亣ףΪ챻ϺţȥС
ǲ壬һѪףȻֻʮλȻȴ񿴵ǰ𣬷·һ㣬ţڤ̾ޱȵصð̰Ĺ⣬ջʵ̫ˡ
οһϣ㲻Ҫʲôڵ飬ֱģʲô˿õģ
ڤԼ̰֪ûϣõֻǻһ¶ѡ
ʵߵв٣ûҪΪ˶ƴңԾĻˣ϶ֹһˣ̍϶Ҳˡ
ȷʵڤ룬̍һе̰ΣСкͰعâҲֹ
ң˲ڤͶ̍⣬ˣ˱ɱ˭ûһ˿̰֮⣬ֻεĺðˡ
ֱ㣵ߺȫߣ˭õ

ΧһУʮؿ鶦ƽʱͨҩ࣬ȴⵤһЩ
ҲţһͻȫͶ롣
鶦óһݸԪҩģͶ붦УʼȡҩҺȻȡһܷ֮ⵤʼҩҺںϡ
ɵĹΪѵģ̣Ҫܶࡣ
˼µĵٽ˳ɵЧʣȻ鶦Χһ󣬽Χ븴ԪУƷʡ
ȥˣзǳƽɵɵؽš
쵽һʱʱ򣬺ȻһңǾҲţĳɵҲ׳Ļڡ
ʮָɣһĵУĶʱƽϢʱ÷ˣΧڵΧܿ챻˶УлһЩ֮
첢ûЩ֮Щ֮ԵҩƷ磬úл֮ĵҩвɺӵĺôٿӦ֮ʴ
һʱΧƽϢжʱɢһ㣬ŵζپ
첢ûмŴ򿪵Ǽ˼Ȼһµ¶ȣʮϢ֮ջ˻ףش˵
һɼΪŨĵؿУ˵ĿУʶͷų˵̽赲⣬ĿƵУöƵĵҩڶףӨ񣬷
ؽƷԪȫĵƣɫ滺ȻԼˮƽţǵһƸԪЩġ
һϣҩãÿһöǾƷеһЩƣһ˿ɫȻɣ֪Щ֮
óһJһӣöҩУʵط
ʱ̧ͷˣֻκСжһĿɿڴ飬ȻǱַסˣңٶȣҲ̫ˣü˷Ӧ


484 
ˣǲõȻʱǶ̍Ҳò
ı·𳹵һ㣬ڱ˶ĵ͵ҩʱȫͶϣ۾ﾡСǡ
첢û˵̬غһȻ˾ʼ˵ڶ
һΣ֮ǰҪܶ࣬ҩȡںϣһͣ㣬һҩ
ǾöؽƷȫеƣҵҪȵһһЩ
һΣ˳ױ۷ˣһӽʱһ룬ˮƽʦ
Щţ˼²ܿĳλʦǵʥᣬֻֻ
ȻЩڶ֮⣬ܿ㿪ʼ˵
ʱȥˣһţʯ񣬱ľٶһһԲ
ʱ˰ٶඦҩֱöռָҩĺľˣֹͣ
ʱܹƳǧöԪȫеƣһٰʮöǵؽƷĶǵؽƷ
һٰʮöؽƷװһСһƿУǧİٶöؽƷԪʢװԭȵǸJС
ʰһ컺һϢڴڵغſеƬ֮ƽΣǸJ˹ȥڳʱʶľ޴ƣ̬ЩͳǧİٶʮöȫǵؽƷĸԪǸƷʵģ
ε˫Щվһ۾գһµضȴɾӣǿôิԪ۾ﷺ̰ĹâЩˣҲΰɣô൤ҩ𣿡
οƿʶһɨܵӿסƿȻסգүǿ۰벻ҰһҸл˱ڣ
·ҪʹһԶûнһ˽⵽ε𺳲ѣһǳȣǵ󣬴ʱȴ˴۾
֪δʱı֣٣ģľٶйԵıݡ
ϾһӽôеƵĵҩȻϲˣҪ֪ûôеƵĵҩ
Сһ۵۰ǽ䲻̰ʱӿͷߵߣʱصӷʩƿ̫ˣƶɮţ
ڼֵİΣ˸սһһɶԶرסƿ·һ㣬СУȻɨһˣƿŵռָȻסռָŵصлѺ⣬ĳɽһƿҺΣ
Сֹ֮£죬Ҳû֮ǰָɮ̬·ʲô
˽һпɻѣмֹǵؽƷĸԪŰأ
ǲǲʱӳˣһƿҩѣ·õһ㣡
Ҳ̫ˣλô˵Ҳǳֱ֣ҪǷţͱˣ̫ˣ

˵С˻ˣپżΪʧָ̬֮ǰòȻ̬
ЩЦȴҲһɨʱĹ¼źͷζ֮;ҵЩ˼Ļ֣治
ôһƿҩȻȫðȥңҲֻ֪ǹ񫣬һóһЩַȥġ
֣Щҩ㿴ŷ䣬ֻǲ֪ܵѾû˸ԪĲϣȻԶһЩ컹һ°ΣϾ˶࣬Щ飬˵ᡣ
ֵҷģֻǹѣǵģһö٣ңһҹʱƳôĵҩԶԶҵϣƷ׵ĵҩ㹻ܵɫƽеϲΣóһռָ죬Ҫģ
쵭һЦϲؽӹöռָʶɨһ£ɫ䣬ȴַ죬ЩҩԺĸˡ
ɹƳؽ׵ҩˮƽֽһʦС
ϸ˵ֻǰʦϾĿǰƳҩƷֻǵؽƷδƳؽ׼Ʒĵҩңϵĵͽ׵֣ÿһƳ
ǣڴ½һЩǿǵʦ
Ȼĸ򵥵֣Ͳһˣƣߵ磬ߵܵ߹ĴĵʦһǱı֣κһ£
ȻǰǣЩԹ޳𣬲Ȼӭģֹİɱɱ
պЩѹҩߵԣóǸСƿպˣõʱãҪϧлһЩ
ţϲޱȵصͷΪҩΪ·ԵʯͷֻҪ͸Ҳ˷ܵ˯ž
˫ֽƿţȴûв鿴ؿڣСŮ̬༸˶Ȼʧ
һƿƵҩͺñͷתұĿģҪѧϰţ·Ҫ֮ǰʮѹֵȫҪ
أ򿼫ĽѣļˣڳһĶǶԷСжǰĽ䡣
һʱ䣬ൽеĿͶϣЩƺҪʵװʲôطȻɽڻһЩĿ⣬Ǻ޲ýɱǧ顣
֣ʣµľͽˣ׼󣬾ͽңŰδȻ鷳һʶĲ٣
ɫ΢䣬ͷȻƿϵĽ̬ȥֻص˱ɽŮ״̬վԡ
컺ڵϣʼĿ񣬻ָʶġ
վŹԣʼϸع۲ˣϾ֮ǰֻǴԵɨһۣûоȻȷˣһЩͻ״׼
ͱҲվŹ֮ǰǰĳȻǲ󷨣еĿֲܸ֮оʯɢɱ⣬Կһļµĸо
տʼεɫƽǣƬ֮ȴ쳣ǷһЩ鷳
üͷʱʱ˼£ת˼Ȧ漴ڲԶĸߴܣһӣһͬĿܳڳϣǵܵԡ
ӷ벻ʩȻ˶ıһΣұ֤Ժػ㣡Сп߿ܣ۾￪ʼðˡ


485 
㣿ߣΪҲ֪С˼Ҫǽ㣬ǾӴ򹷣ȥ޻أƲƲ죬ҪСеĻǲǹ¡
С˵ĺܱûͷ𣿶ңǸԺ󡱣֪ǶԺ
һ䱸̬СֻգûָοԽһߣղŵҪֻǵնѡ
ɱվڰ׻ʿʯ֮󣬿ʮɸߵʯ񣬲֪˼ʲôǣʯ֮һ֮ڣ鲼ǿҵɱ⣬·һɱ¾֮ɵ硣
ƺڸɱ⣬˻һС͵ʯϽɢļµϢ
ʱ˵Ŀ£ԶȲѣСи̾벻ĻԵȻȻ֮鰡ż󣬿Ҫɱ¾֮ˣ
δʱҲͣеĶСԣɫȻصԭѾǴԲĴ֮ˣһҲֻǸǽѣ֮Ժƣ֮󣬱ɶһǿķңԴ֮սȻЧڣɱ¾֮ģ²öãɱ¾֮Ǹʱսһɳ죬Ҳһ֣
ӷһнȻĹǰ֮У츳Ϊǣ֮ģɱԶеŰİСип
Զû˵ʱǺɱĹϵԽԽˣ˻֤໥ѧϰɱҪѧϰ䶷˼еıԱճɾɱѧϰ
ǵڶɱʵΪˣɱɱ¾֮ǶԷʵı仯Իļʻжٳɣڴģ
ߣɱ¾֮ôǻҪɱ¾ʲôɱ¾֮ˣһǴʬɽѪ߳ģҪɱ¾֮Ψɱ¾ɱ¾̍ɱеĲм֮ŨɱҪʯɱɱ¾֮ڳ˵Ρ
ҵɱ¾֮ʱһ֮ش꣬Ϊһ˿Եɱ¾֮ӣɱ¾ŵ˽յĴԲ֮ɱȻģȴ˵ʲô򣬱˲򣡡ڤˣɱ¾֮飬ȳκһ˲˵Ļȷʵе
ʯôĻǿ彫ʯ塣
ʯһѪվɱƲȥɱ¾֮Ͼһ·ɱ¾٣أ򿼫ɱɢɱ¾Ϣʯʺʯ
ûͬĻҲû˷ԣ˼֮Уϵս
һʱ֮žվԼԵıص˾䡰ллȻͻѵıŹ֮ǰ
ʱɱϵɱŨˣ·һֻʯվʱп˹
ģĳȻôɱ¾֮𺳰Ŵڴʯ֮Сʯ̾ѣ뵽Ϊκ֮ܶ·ԭ̫ģҪģ첻衣
εҡҡͷ˰ǰа𣿡
ɫȻǰĿֲ󣬵һ㣬߳ȥΣղСʱпܱɱĨɱ
ֻҪ·ͨ˾УΣգûа취ųӭͷϣͷŰεļ

ֹ˼ʱνһж׼ˣʱɱҲתϵ֮ǰһˣƾģһٽɱ¾֮Сɵɱ¾⾳Χ˶ۺ첻ѡ
ɱ¾֮˵õսЩɱԣȴ޷򣬶ɱֻʱЩõ֮ⲻò˼ʡ
ʱɱʯ״̬ص壬ıΪҲһһš
࣬ԣûԵľ绮֣ǣϢԸܳʱʯѾȰβ١
Ƕ̍ɱҲȥơ
οˣǵĿ⼸ɱϣ˸λ׼״̬Ҫˣ
漴ĿŹ󣬵Ǵȸİ׸룬Ȼȥ̨ǽһ˲䣬ʱҪСģȸſʥߵɱϣнʱ򣬲Ҫ˷ʱ䣬ѹ̨ͨؽ׵ͣȫԸɣҵ߿ܣְֻܼʱ䣬ʱ䣬ϣٶȽ봫󣡵ȻȥĶҾͲ֪ˣȫƾ
˵ֳ꣬һ˿߿֮УȻϵ󷨣ĵҩʼתת
ಣ
ɾ紵߿ܼ˰׻ȸһǺһǣȻڰεƿ£ʼС
ˡ
һ͸Ļ𣬽еĻ֮ɢмɫ̨ҲɫĹĻʱʽ
еʯһ˲䣬Ҳʼˣ֮ǰôѸݣתֱ߿ȥеıҲ
ǰͦھŹߣ󺰵ڿʼ˭
һϲûش𣬾ʧʱɱͦ
Ǹոմʯɱ¾⾳ԣУΪֲɱ⡣
ǸոΪһʵ
ֻһ˲վУƺһ£ʯɱܵĽŲҲһ͡
ʱɱĽŲûǰΪѹǳֲǰǳ
ĽŲͣˣʯҲֻͣһ£л˿ܡ
οſܣҸ̫ĶңҲܵѹϵ棬ٶȱſܻܶ࣬ܿᱻʯ顣
ʱȣ˸ϣһеһ
ʱСһأ򿼫ԶȻǲڤͰΣ̍ȥʱ۾һ죬еɱһš
ͱеģվ档
Ȼ˵Ľ붼Ⱥ˳򣬵Ǵɱ죬ֻǻһϢʱ䡣
Ȼȫ֮ʱʯĶ˲䶯ٶȼӿ˺ܶ࣬ңǵĿˡ
ʱ򣬰ʶһ߿ܿʼԾʱֽʯעȥ
˵ٶȴԶԶܣ·һɳĮһ㡣
ʥֵѹԼӿٶȣǰСУ˲˷飬һɽɫĹâ֣еѹʱ˺ܶ࣬ʮɵľ룬һϢһһߣ˺ܶࡣ
ʱ˷׷óԼʥеʥֿѹ
ʱǵнٶȼӿ˲٣


486 ͵Ϯ
˴ϲǰΣΪԽȥܱʡԽĵҩ
ҿ㣡ȻʯͷӦˣδһʶȴһɢȻһ⣬˻޵
Ϣ֮󣬴Ѿнһ·̣ʱѾʹȫٶȱȸղǣҲܵʯѹڻǸо쳣
ȸʿ߿ܣתеľ޴ıлƶţֲɱ˲˾£
ãˣߣεһо쳣һ˲ľȫȻʩչʮɵĹ˴ĵĴ̨
СǵһﴫģһУ̨ɫĻһʧӰűɱҲ˲䱻ͳȥˡ
أ򿼫˵ͲˣΪеɱ˲ÿֲ֮ʵϰǸƶٶҲǼΪѸݡ
ȸʿеĳǹ˴ֲɱľ
СģоΣգһǹȻҳǾ޴ʯǹһࡣ
ڶȻһǹǴУأ򿼫ԶˣҲòȥ
ﬡ
ķһһЩãȻûܸıʯǹķ򣬵ʹһɲǵͣ٣һɲǣܿѸ˴
ৡ
أ򿼫ԶĻ£ڸϵ˴ǰһ룬˲ûӰ
ʱѾл߿ܣȻʯѾ⣬ֻԿˣ߿ܴʱ֧һս
ȸʿһǹֱӽʣɢͱ˼ˣǱǰ˼
˵ƶٶȼӿ˺ܶ࣬һɾ룬Խ봫С
ʱ˻ɢģڤǰ棬ǰΣ̍һ࣬ͱ档
ȸʯǹĳȻµʱ򣬲ڤͰͬʱﴫǰ̍ഫߣͱ봫ߡ
βûмŽ봫ҪʱȡܣԼ˵İȫӰ첻ˡ
ĻһڤҲʧӰ
ʱѾ봫̨ˣ˲˿ܣ봫УûӰ
̍һֻҪкȻһ˿ɱʯĸоֻˣȻתȫһȭ
עȫɱʯ棬ȫûע⵽̍ĶԷȫһˣȴҪȻУһƣʹɱ
СģԵıȲΣգһڲǰ
ȥɣ̍Ŀ˲ޱȿֲһȭȫҲûпǷУһŷ˽˴
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󾪣һסʱʯĹˣֱӱǹͳУĹ˴̨ط˴֮⣬ص˵ϡ
ĻУ֮
ղŵĹȫסˣΪܣȻܻܿᱻ봫뿪
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ڣ϶Ա˵̱˵ֻʹһʱָһ¶ѡ
ȻʱĲԼϣһңѾǳԼͲˣʱѾ뿪
̍Ҫ֮أ겻ֻأĥŭˣһɫѪȻգֲɱ쫷һ㣬ΧʮɵĿɢˡ
һΣ̍ǵ죬ŭˣδйķŭ
ֻǣлԵ˶֮ʱĽƽؽڵϡ
ʱıؿڰݽȥһֲȭӡëȻǲͣѪ
ЩʵСˣЩˣŭģΪˣҲ㱻ƣϢңǲҲǳΪʬ⡣
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ʱѾʲôŮбᰴǸȭӡϣʶҡҷһɼΪŨϢϣݵϡ
ģǸ˺ۿʼԭ
һ֮֮ϴ񣬱ȫˣؿҲָ֮ǰֻǻմȾһѪ
ֱӽȥ˱£óԼۣϡ
ʱ˳ȻƽϢˣȴ޷˵ֻ鷳ѣûнķ
˺֮󣬱ɫȻ԰ףȴ˹һ۱Լ죬¶һ˿΢Ц˲ʧ
عͷ̾һصΪʲô
࣬죬ȴ˵䣬Ȼʱ˵仰˵һΪѵ顣
˰죬صֻǡˣ
϶˵ˣŰ԰׵Ȼŵ΢ЦĻһʹ
̾һطգ㲻ˣǣˣҲˣˣ
Ļ԰׵ϾȻ˵糺죬仰˼Ȼûо飬ϻ۹ˣеĹУβܶ
ϲ֮£ƺǣˣɫԳһ˿ʹ࣬һ֮˻ûȫȬҪ


487 
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һֱűоȴǷҡ
Ǳô࣬԰黹ЩģģѾԲ˼ԼôŮС
ܣǱ˺һϲŮģԱܵ˿˺һŮΪȥ⣬ѾݵˣΣҲŮܡ
ǣĻѣǸ뿪ԼѾһʱľˣѵʱźͿ֣Ҫǣߵ죬ѹû
ѩ̨飬֮Ĺϵǵ飬ָ飬Ȼ죬ʵ޿ɱܡ
ٴ̾һĲ֪ôԲȥˣַĵ飬ԽԽܣ˵ΪħӰ
еΣǱܵƺʲô˳ĵ飬صôˣ
˲ɢϵ΢΢һЦûʲô
˵֮󣬾Ȼʹһ±ĶͷٶԼҲ֪ô¡
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ôˣ쿴űظգϧص
Һϲ㡭ң³˼֣ϵĽ߸ˡ
һ㶣漴һЦٴһ±ĶͷһΣϢʱ䡣
۾Ѿʪˣһειȵ۽£ϡ
ǲǡҪҪˣоʹûûһ㡭ˣشԪɢ࣬ʣıˣԱʱ壬޷ܵסԪı
ɫһͣ˿ˣֻҲܵӰ죬ֻ˶ѣڣ㲻£
ţϸոȥϲػӦһ䣬ĬƬ̣һ˿ˣǲǳΪˣ
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𣿡ص
ȻˣŵصͷصҷģһҾͰˣȽľȻһЩҩ˫£Ϊ˵
ţĸ磬ΰˣ죬ޱȳݵص
첻֪ôӦ仰ֻܷɧػӦһ䣬ǵȻ㲻˭
仰ñʹţʮ꣬δн֣ԣΪԼҪ˵ʱûиоһ˿־塣
ΪƬ̵ҸԣҲ֪ˣ
ţδй˰İĵİŵĶһǶ¶һʱľֻķҶѣ񣬾˽еѪɱ¾Ͷթ̬ůʱǿԱľôȷʵˡ
ҲֻĻŻᱣƬ̵ľ
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ڿһʱʧˣԶ˾вѡ
ôˣ
ʧˣ
ȥĶˣ
ҿһб
ˣļһǿ֮ǵģΪ˱ｫԼȥ
ⲻһôǿߣ˵ãѪӵҵ˻Ե


һϢ֮Ӱٴγ֣Ȼźӵǰ˶ʮɣʱӵ׻н֮Զ
һ֣ٴȺ˵Ŀ
ϣﲻҪˣһ߿ֻһӰڿն𣬻գѪ֮ϣȥгһѳ
ҲȥһӰӶһ֮ϵɱͬѪ֮ˮһӿһѴ󸫣׺֮
ҲзݣӰҲڿնλһֻӥıָֻֿӥצһ㣬ɸߵȲ죬Ĺ⡣
˷ӹȥ֮󣬺ӵϵȺˣȴûһ˿ĸɱĽɫ
찡ǳˣˣľ磬εֵס𽣣
ϻ긫£Ҳȥˣ϶ù⣡ֻ󸫣˭ƥУ
ģѪӥҲȥˣ쵰ҴǱѪӥצȥһҪ𣡡
˰ɣԶ޷˳𣡡
һ˵ԴӴ˿ʵѪܣ˵ԻýѪӵķˣһʲôûˣ
ʲôܲܵģѪ˶飬᲻֪ÿ춼˱ѪɣҲǳǿѾʬȫ˰ɣ
Ҿ˺ܲһ㣡ǼǲǵǰǼˣǾǿȶ˵ǼλģѪʮӥǿ󣬺лþ𣿻ǱǼնɱˣѪӥӵÿ죬ҲѾˣ


492 һ
Ҿ˺ܲһ㣡ǼǲǵǰǼˣǾǿȶ˵ǼλģѪʮӥǿ󣬺лþ𣿻ǱǼնɱˣѪӥӵÿ죬ҲѾˣ
Ǹõ꣬ԵԪֱħ
ǸͺҲǸ׳ǼֱǺޣ
Ǹߵģֱ񣡡

ȻԶ컹˺ӵ˵Ļ⳯Լɱˣɱ¾þжƺ˲֪
ˣһɱڣԼ˵
һ룬ɫ֮ȫɱҪƾͼƣȻɱԼǱԼΪѪѪɣ
Ŀ⿴ʹ֮ˣӦþ˵ĳ֮ϢͨͬҪǿһЩɱƣȷʵǸ֣
Ȼ㿴˵ڶˣüĿŨܣֱð֮֮ΪһѪĴ󸫣Ѫ֮ˣѸǱѪɫǱѪȾɣһ֣
ڵˣһĸоʮƣ۾һ㣬ȴޱȣľ磬ǰ˵ʵ£עĿĻ˫ӥצֿʱѪ⣬·ԵĹһ㡣
ˣ첻ûһ˿£Щ˷ܣɱ¾þ˻ĴأսһԹܵģ
ڵ죬Ѿ߿ԱģֻΪֵĹߣ
ֻǰмͣڰգʱӵ̣ʮ࣬˵
ȵվ⣬һ㣬̰ض죬ɭɭصСӣϵıｻһȫʬֻأ𣡡
쵭ؿһۣûǣĿĶϻ긫ѪӥѪӥṦǿԣڶ³ȴһͬ
СӣҶϻ긫Ա㲻ӣص죬г˲м
ڶ֮ѪӥҲˣһ㣬Сӣ˵Ѫӵܺͽ뷽ҿһȻϵıøң
𽣱ػȴֶԷתˣŭȴ˶˵ĻѪӥĻŭǳôѪӥỊ̄
Σ߾֮㲻ҪңﱻȥĻָǣѪӥһ۳𽣣ص
һʱȴֲܱѪӥĻסصߣʮӥֻʣһǰһɵ㣬ʵһ㣬Ҫõû
̫Ϊˣеֶɱ㣡ѪӥΪ𽣵Ļɭɭص
˵λżʲôƺҶϻ긫ĴˣҪʡ
±һͿսŭˣ·֮СϵıѾǵˣǳֻû˵꣬ˡ
ˣˣ·ɣеʱ˵Ļûһ˿飬ȴһݣűŭǶ£ֱ֮˴˻һһԼĸССӡ
ӾˣҪ㣡´ŭһһǰѴֱӺ
ʱ򣬳𽣺ѪӥҲˣǲԮ£챻ߣǾʧˡ
һһһӥצӰֲɱͱƹѪ죬ȴδ˿Ŀ־塣
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ոѧľ˿ֻ콫ͷųǿԵϢɱڣֲĻ֮˲鲼ʮɿռ䣬ʳָ˻
ãΪȷӦһ
ԵĶϻ긫ѪӥҲоһǹԼļµĸоƺԼˡ
ѾˣҪջأûôס
ҲǶ룬һʮɵϽɫָƾճֲ֣Ļ֮·˲Խѹ
һһһӥצĹָǰ˲䱬ɢˣǱɾˡ
ǵĺѾˣֻǸָȻѹ£˷·𱻶סһ㣬Ӷݣ˲𱻾ָУ̸㿴֮˵Ӱ˻֮Уûټûз
Ϣ֮󣬾ָɢ֮˲ڿУʱֻ߸İ׹׹Ѫ֮Уöռָ
ɫЩ԰ף״ʩչɱУ龡һϵǹȣûб¶ֻüͷ΢һӣŲ֮һʩչֱӸȫռָ
߰׹ѪУһ˿Ѫ˶ûм𣬱ûӰоѪӵĿֲٶƬ̣һźӵȥ
˲նɱþպյӵϵ˲סԶΪԼˣȵǿ߰׹Ѫ֮еʱ򣬲ѹȺֻȻˡ
찡һֲǿߣȻΪ
ÿֲָÿµĻ֮
̫ǿˣǰ˻Ҫǿһɱ˰
ֱ˵Щˣ
Ҳΰɣѵۻˣ
̫Եҿߣǲ𣡡
ߣ

ǧӰˣһ˻æߣһֻǺˣ֮ǿ죬ȷʵɵѡ
ﻹ̴һ˿ңӦòǣǰһֻɱЩˣˣûһۣмɱǡ
ڶģǲ뿪ϾѪʱʱ緢һЩоʯбУеҩЩ֮ͨЩȴѵõı
ǶĶˣ켸û˺ӵϿգؿ·ˣصģԸָɣ
˵֮һ㳯һȥ֮ûӰ
ӵϵ˴ʱսսأϢ֮󣬱㷢ȴʧˣһɫȴ԰֮亹ֱð
ֲ̫ˣֱС񣡡
ָָԺˣܶԶԶ
ָһҪס֣Ȼ֪ôģ
һָղżôǿ꣬⵽Ǻ
ôֲĻ֮ѵС
ҵǾףûиоһָ֮еĻ֮ƺѾǵˣ

ӴԺָɱ¾þ
˵ۣȻˣ⳯һ򼲱ͣһƬ˼ĻҰ֮ϣȻó˼ö¡


493 ǳ
ʩչָҪϻ߰壬ԣĺķѾ޴󣬶ң˵Σ֮ҪгԱʱ֮衣
֮ʵָ۷壬ŴһΧĻһΪεĴ£ʶһ㽫˻硣
ﰡϤĵطѾ𣿡һ˲оһϤϢܻȥʵ
ɱ¾þѾˣ³һű
ʱ¶ϲɫǳˣһԶһǰ
漴ɫҲóˣ˱ζҲ޷ǵĶˡ
վҪģﲻǣ
ĸ磬ʲô׳죬
ʶһɨｮ򣬶ʱоһȽŨȥȴããǰ·漴תָǸ򣬵ȥ˵ҵõҩ
ľû˿Ļɣص˵ͷ漴˵Ӱʧԭء
˰·̣һ·ȴΪκҩֻлɽ
Ը֮ʣʶǰԶһսҲˣһۣȥ
˵꣬ű֣Ϣǰȥ

Χһ꣬ǳ֮Ϊã˺ۣѪ߰ߣɫЩ԰ףʵǱ֮˫۾ȴǳսͲ
СӣѶǿһɢһ֮ͬΪĳª긺ֶһضǰ꣬һ㣬̰Ѫֻ֮ͬΪȴû㾫ԣֻΧꡣ
ʱ˲ᣬսʤª꣬ȴ޷ɱⳡϵˣңһʱʱһֻбնɱķݶ
ǣȴᱻԷסչʾֺηԣǰĳª꣬صˣĪͲˣҪ͹ðɣʱţҲǲģ
Զ쿴ųϵһ˿ɫ漴üͷƺĪֱȽϤ˼˴˭
Īɣɢޣھţֳǳ˳ǳ
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ǳªһĪɵĻɫ΢䣬ˣӲͣתţҲǶĪɵĻɵΪһ֪ıƴֵ̫ˡ
Īһ˵һˣŭҲǸߣֻҪ㽫Ǳ֤Ź㣬Ͼǿɲƴ
ĪԷĻЦһش𣬶һҲˣ¶ɣǲɱģ
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ˣȷʵŹ㣡ҿԴӦ㣬ֻҪ㽫нǿԸȫʬֻأΣǳªʱҲˡ
ĪͻȻЦĵؿª꣬ҺĽһˣںʲô治棿ˣұ֤ʹʱһ֮еļȫ
һɫ˲䣬ǳªصĪɣȻ㲻óǱȡ
漴ˣһһϣ
˲䣬˷·һ㣬彫ȥ
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ۿĪɾҪʱһɼΪֲϢӿǰϢ裬ܰӰ˾Īһ֮⣬ֵؿΧҪҳϢԴ
ǣϢ֮ȴûκη֣ǹϢ֮ʱһ˲䣬ʧˡ
ɻ֮ʣĽŲһӯһء
ɢȥӰҰУһһɡ
ֻǿӰ֮ʱĪڣо֣ɵŮӵΪǿо翣ߴӣȴɻģ֮ΪǸоȴһ龳۷ǿսǰ
ȻͱˣߵĪɴͣ¡
ûǳªˣֱӿĪɣͷųһ漴һ֮ģĪϵ˿š
Īɺ𾪣֮ǰɻ굽ǲǸ֣ǣ꽫ʱ֪һǸ֣һеٮٮߡ
һʱ˵·ֹ
˿컺ƽ̬ʱһ￴ľյʱ򣬶ʱסˣ漴ÿﶼðŹ⣬Ĺ⣬ʹ˵ʵ
Ȼǿߣʲô֣Ͼ˵ʵ̫ˣ
ʮֻ۾һĹ⣬ñɫʱϵɱ˲ͷųȻضˣ纮ЩҿԳȫ
ܵǿֲɱ⣬˶ʱɫ䣬еĹâɢȡ֮η壬֪ŮӾһǿߣǲţ˵ҲһùפյǰҲ˵
ǳªӦ˵ͷת˼Ȧ˼۱Ȼֿ˿죬ĿƵϣֵ嵶֮նǰ
嵶֮ն
һ˵ţ첻֪Ҳ֪Ī֪嵶֮նʱ˲һɫ䣬·ʲôµ顣
ҲĪɵͻȻ仯ɻˣ嵶֮նʲôˣȻĪ˶о˿־塣
ĻǶԱ˵ģһ֣콥ˣ˵ԼݣʵΪԷ
ţܶԷʲô·ֻҪ嵶֮նţԲԼġ


494 嵶֮ն
ԼĪɶսͻȻʶĪɣҲֻ·
ƺûʲôôĪеĶȥԼλǰ޷ˡ
Լλ£Се꣬ûмҲնӡ
죬û㣬һ仰Ҫ˵ؿһۣ·ԷĻûһ
ɫ䣬ת˼Ȧʱ˼Īɣֿ˿죬˵
̣ȻǿӲĺ̨ȴûǿʵʱǰŮӣǱǲǵΪ
ֱӺ˵Ĵڣ۾һֱĪϣԷƺ࣬㵭صĪɣ
Īһ㶣漴칰һݣĪɼǰ
ԷԼǰһ㶣漴׹£ȴҲƽϣֱʵǳ
Īɫ˲䣬ɻأ죬Լصǰǣ
ҽ죬ʲôǰ΢΢һЦص
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ʮһλǳĪɣ˭˲֪쵭һЦ
Īɫһ죬Щ˼صǰ˵ЦˣֻǸЦѣǰǰʲôҲǣ
ҡҡͷýǰ£ֱӽ켴ɣҲǴģ
Īһ㶣ɫ䣬ͷ벻˾ȻԼһͣΪĳλפյĸء
죡ϤְĶأ
ĪɵӷٵתţϢ֮ɫʱ䣬죬е㡭λ
û˵˵ɫĪǸӲͷ˺Ϲû˿ľ⣬һ򶨣֪Ϊοǰ꣬Ե˼أĪ˺ͷ
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ŶȻ֪Եɣ飬ɱ¾þУǳ˵Ŀʵ飿
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ǣףʱһ²һ£ȻնһǴʱûʸûҪΪն鷳ԣѡ̡
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ͷҴӦһˣҪǵİȫǼȻ׷ɱܷŹǣ
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˵꣬Եһ֣׼ˣʱֿˣֻɱɱ߾ߣб°
ոĽŲʱͣɫʱޱȣ죬ѣʲô˼
ʲô˼ֻһ̣ûб˼쿴ص
ѣҿնӵ£ϣ㲻Ҫôߣ죬еɱһ
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һĪɵдϲѾ֪ķ㲻ɵֻǣĻٴν˱ѡ
նӣû˵쵭صûһ˿⡣
ĻʹĪɺɫ䣬ֻɫʮֲм죬֪̣նȣ»в࣡ǹӿ嵶֮һ
嵶ɻҲǸˣ֪ʲô嵶ԣв˿𲻵ãֻĪɣʲô嵶
һĪɺ˽һ㶣뿴죬֮ǰǻΪǹװ֪嵶֮ն񣬵ղŵȴַⲻװģ㽫쵱ˡ
Ī죬嵶ǳǿÿһľ磬ĿǰСǿĶʮ֮һ
쵹ûԷľ磬ֻ嵶֮㲻ڶ롣
죬£ţҲ˿ļɵ
֮ǰɵǣ˷̨㲻پµţԼʵ
һϷʣڻĪɵĽ֮ɫ仯ǣȵĪɵĻ˵ˣɫ̩Ȼ·嵶ûʲôֲġ
ԭˣնӦ֮ɣĪɵĻ
Īɴػȴˣֻǹǰ֮ĺڣսͬҪǿ٣ϣλ˵ʱעһ㣬նӣʲô˿Եģ
һ΢΢һЦҾ͵𣡡
ɫ䣬ĪɵɫҲǴ䣬죬֣նʵǳֲòҪȥǣ뿪Ȼ鷳
첢ûбĪ˵һƵᣬʱȴǷŭˣؿ죬ѣȰ˵ʱעһЩȻ֪ôģ
쿴һвң
ߣһʵʵ˵ѣնǿ󣬲ģ
Ŷҿڴ쵭һЦ漴һתҲ֪նǿ󣬵Ǻܿͻ֪ҵǿˣ
ɫ䣬˺ǰͱô˵һҪΪҵˣ


495 ʮǿ
һ㶣漴Цеİǵأ·һһ㣬Ϊǣ𣿡
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ʱǲ֪ǴףˣһǼλĴڡ
ʱǸоٻǣǺ׷ɱĪɣնв졣
ǣûã񲻶ʲôǺڣֻ֪ո
ָȻ˱ֲĻ֣֮˲ûϢָʧֻ߰׹ǵڵϣкͿռָҲڻ֮ɳ
ĪˣʲôʵһɱˣҲֲ̫ˣͷЩӦ
ѵǼλ֮һ
첻֪ĪʲôʩչŲ֮кͿռָУʶһɨ㶼ӽԼĿռָȻſһĪɡ
Ī֣ж೤ʱˣ֪Լͻأı֣Īһʱ޷ܣת˻⣬
һ£Īת˿˼ص
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ʮǿɫ΢䣬ʵע⣬ĪնҲǶʮǿеˣ
ĪɫüΪ࣬˿ܣʮǿǶʮΪֲ꣬ն֮һ˵ĩλǰǿжֲ֣ʵǿϣ㾡ҪʮǿͻȻ鷳
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Īɫ΢죬ʵֻ֪ţҲ֪ʮ˱ܽһ£׼ǣ
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ʮǿһһ٣˫ǹĽ嵶ľĪɵг˶ʮǿ
һһ٣˫ǹĽ嵶ľ
ʮˣвӿǿҵս⣬ֱ򶨵ö࣬ûʲôȸһ˼
˼˲䣬ĪֿˣʮǿǾţÿһλʵп֮ϣǰʮֲޱȣ
ͣһ£ĪɫԽԽأ֣һҪע⣬СУֻʮǿߣ˵ǰѪ߸ˣÿһȶʮǿǧҪעⰡ̣̾ҪȥЩһ
˵꣬ӿռָóһȭͷĲ״ĿʯͨɫΪҫۣĪɵ飬ⶫƺᡣ
һ۾ϳⶫ
ھ
ؼϺھʱģŵ̵Ĳϡ
쵹ûĪɵ˼ѲҪⶫ
ʱĪɵˣ֣鶫һŶ֮ϲȴҲ֪ڲͬǼһ֮׷ɱңΪ
˵ţֱӽھУ֣ⶫҲ֪ôã͸ˣ
һ㶣æھݻȥĪ֪ǵؼϺھǽϺõϣõЩᣬһü۵ģαظأ
Īɵסľٶɫ΢䣬ֻĪֵ֣ҿѾˣһϣʲôǧĪҪܾ
Ĭ㽫ھ˻װԼĿռָ漴óһƿ׼ƷѪĪУJҩĪţκ֮ˣһ޸
Īɱܾȴκ֮˶޸ȻЩţҲ֪Ȼ˵ⵤҩЧȻԣֻͣһ£ˡ


496 ǰǿ
ˣұֵĵҩлˣĪɶǹһݡ
Ī֣ղ˵ǸŶʲôطյĪ²ӦǹʱǿߵĶȻҵһھ˵еڶ飬ѧϰھشԣȥ
Īһ㶣漴˵˵ص㣬֣ǶǹʱǿأղƳ˵һƣ˲ٶ򣬵ҩУҽһһھȴ׷ɱڸϹȥӦûˣ˵ǽƲŸոմ򿪣õĻ˵Եõ߽׵Ĺ似أȥ
ͷȥ
ĪҲ΢΢ףֵҪСһЩŶѾʮʱˣӦвٵǿ˵жʮǿҪСһЩ
ͷҪĪֺһ·ҲиӦ
ĪҡҡͷҳһսֵİȻҵްȴӰЧԣһһȥþתת
ĪɵĻͱԶһ㶣·ʲôðɣйȥĿңҲһ̰СкһεˣֻҪ˵ҵ֣˵Ƿһ飬Ӧûģ
Īһ㶣漴ͷǣ
ǣҲǹֻȻĪԶȥþò
ʵĪɸոյĻ죬һΣűˣĪ˵ûЧ
ɳĪɵĻһֱ죬ǣһߣʵʮǿ˿СУһһ𣬼޵еģ˵ûʲôЧ
ҪǾԼӰ쵽졣
ȷʵ뿪졣
ʱֻߵԣʲôأ
̧ͷؿһ죬ԽԷԽͲ뿪ҡҡͷûʲô
ҲʣȻ£Ȼѡ˵ľ㿴һ򣬵ߣȥǸŶ
ͷһԶ
ǧڵĪ˵ĵطһ·ɱЩˣһΪɱ˶ƣǱòаͷö˷ŭΪֱˡ
һ·໥֮˽˺ܶϢ
ӦñһЩΪ㺮ڣ½һС֮Уиǿһλ˺ܾõʥڵߡ
Ҳ֪㺮ʲôƷ׵֪ǶƷϵĴвࡣ
ʱŸ̾Щŵı֮ǿһɢʽ߿ȵġ
˵ţںĦ룬ǣģš
ǹ壬ǣȴҲ޷̡
첻̾漴ɫᶨ
ҲκֻܿԼ

ǹŴǿ߶аʱѲΧѾפߣмϢǳǿԼûаտʤ
һ·Ҳܶ࣬ǰģһ뿪ȥѰԵġ
вǿߣƿ˽ƣıҲ
һ֮վһɽľï֮ϵȽϳԣ±ڶǳ͡
ɽȽ룬ܿɽһȻɽ֮ߣڸһŰ룬һɣƺмӰƺ˼֮
ɽУվߣȫ龳֮ϵߣҲм龳ڵߣ⼸˵Ϣûܵ˿в
ұ֮£ȴոɵļʯ̨ʯ̨ϣӰӰĿҲһҲǱĿƺˣȻ࣬ȴǷǳϤһ㣬໥š
ķʱ䣬ûȥڽƵ뷨
ʵƺ̨µˣһֻŶڵĽƱƣȡ
ǲȥڣΪУƷͬһ㣬һЩɱԣһֻԹһ㣬ʯ̨վһ𣬷·һ㣬ֻЩ󷨵ڶƽ
ôҲû˵ʲôΪвʶǣ֪ǵĿֲԣû˸ҴǣȺеǼ龳ߣҲˡ
ֻͱʱ򣬳һ֮⣬˽Զ˹
˿һ죬ֿһ۱ֻǶͣ˼ۣб۾ҲˣĿȴɻ̰
ֻǿһ۱ֶԷðɴòֻ¶һ˫ʧ
Ϊߵˣ⼸һǰԸֶεõŮӣǣǸоΪͲǵ֮ʱǹϷˣȻͨǸ֣ǣ֪ĸ֣вĬĬģЩˣǿԵġ
Ȼ˶̬лм֪ôĿ֮ͽǿű޷̽òǹɱɽŮʣʵ̫ʥˣмвð˹â
ȻǵɱҪǿˣ֪źʡ
ʯ̨·ˣûв˵ĵҲ˭ֻ붴ĽƱƿõһЩ
һƳƳʯ̨ϵλ꣬ǽµʯ̨ӦԼٳġ
λλ˵·վһЩʵߣЩˣӦλĸࡣ
ȻˣǣҲûСˣ˵ʵڵģ˵ʵ࣬츳ȣ١
֮ڣһ֮ڣ֮ĳڡ
ߵһۣ֮ĺڣһɽƣͬʱָһĸо˵ʵĿǰг֮ǿġ
˵ԸǹƧƺԸϹϵվһǸ֮ڵߣƺһϢһĸо
ɢŵϢĵӦǱģͬϵϢһ㣬ϴһ׻ɫľװһַǳĸо
ҲˣһڱĿϵԪһ˲ײȴ׵ظоˣڣϢȴվԶ̸Ǹ֮ڵҪǿһЩ
òӢһϮ£һֿĸоϵϢһ㣬һ֧


497 ǹ
ոտһ۱һ˿ɫȻһ˿Ľ֮⣬ȴûһ˿֮ɫ
վһ̸ˣо˱е֮󣬱ͷȥʲôû̸ֹͣ
һ֮ڣ֮ĳڣһ֮ڵĿ·վ߰˸֮ߣ߰˸ˣ֮ͨҪǿ󼸷֡
߰˸ˣǷǳ𾴵ģǼɵɼһʲôʵֶ֮Σ˼˵ġ
߰˸ˣ̸˶𾴣ʵģ˼š
˵ʶɨ˼֪֮˵ݡ
˱һͬߣʶҪǿ٣һ˵ʦʦûȥƳĽƣ׷棬ֻ˵һʦ
һ֮ڵ꣬һۣϵʱʱ֣˲ˣȫǷâ¶±˲֪Լǿ
·վżˣ⼸ҲʽϺõţʵȲ꣬ǱһͬҪǿ
һ꣬ɫսף˿Ǵͷ磬ʺ𣬶ʣ·һһ
ľ֮ڣǽҪǿһ֡
ʵλǿƺȤʵսʱʶɨ˺öΣֻװ֪ѡ
Ͼһ֮ߣʲôʸվһ֮ԣңƺһλɫŮӡ
ֻǣƾô鿴Ҳ޷̽ؾ磬ǵóĽǣݷͬһ㣬ſŮһ
콫ϵɨ˼֮ʶ̽˶֮С
ڣʮֵͨûһ㸫ĺۼ֮ǰû˲
췢־පһɵĶȴʮֹ̹ģ֪ȷʵһ
ĿǰֻɲСɿɸߡ
ڵһӦǶڣʱĶڣһŹϵʯʯΣʱʮˣֻʯϣ˶ڶڡ
ʮ˵ĿȴǼڶǽϣƣǺһ㡣ʵֻǻǵڶƣǳ£ǸҲƽֻⷽп˼
ʶɨһڶؽƣҲƺܲһ㣬ȴԿһЩŵʱ䣬˵ƽ⡣
ȥ￴촫ĿȴȺﴩš
ţһŶڱȥ
ϵĺϢһͷųΧ˽ס˸ս࣬óһʹöͨ
˭
һЩĽǿߣ
Ůļֱ꺮ղſҵʱ򣬸оǽ˼һ㣡
Ůĺǿ󣬲ǼλֻСʲôˣôͣȻʸͬУ
Ůӵʣһλˣ
棬ǰɴʶ޷ô֪Ů
µģ
ǰķӦҪȥĪǿƳƣ

ǰʱȺе𣬴ӸղŵĶתƵ˶˵ϡ
˼˻а취Ƴƣʯ̨ϣǿ꿴űӰЦŵ۾Ļһš
ɣǽͷĿҲǽű֮Ƴ˽ƣǿҪ¹滮һ汦ĹϾŮӵʵɲҵȣ
һƳ˽ƣһЩֺηֻϣθڲҪ̫󣬲ȻҿɲϧҵǹѾˣˣ
˵ĻҲЦţĵȴǷ̰ѣƾ˼ң
޼ɵЦţȻоһɼϢӿϵĻʱһͣɫ䣬漴˱ֻԷȴһѺ֮һ㣬ֱ
ԹȻŮϸܵ˿־塣
ؿһ꣬㲻мתȥ󣬻򶴸
͵ɫ˲ⶳ岻Խ˸ս漴ıӰ¶ɱ⣬С椸ԻˣǿµĸоȻޣܷŹ㣬ʶȤңĸǲʶȤҵǹ£ֻٶһ꣡
ȻѹΧڵ˶ˣǿüͷʵޣôˣᱻŮӸס˰ɣ
ûд𻰣ֻǵؿ⿡һۣΪ԰صǱŵͲǹˣ
겻мؿһۣޣŮӿɲһ㰡δĶ֣Ҫ
⿡Ȱޣʵڼޣ޵Ŀ˿ת䣬ֻҪ򵥵ؼһ£˵ȥƴ
ǲģȻҲʲôö
ʱһԵĽȴ˵ˣֵʵŽǰʮˣһŮӣֻҪó˳ɵĹԻ
ҲʼͼӴˣ˵뷨ȻǶģʱޣеޡ
Ȼ֪ŮӵʵΣղſظܵˣȷԼǷʤ
֪˵ľģֻװûԶӰݺݵصһ֪ҵģҾӦСǹţ뷨
޵һЦͽɫһͣޣȲҪȽֹȻҪȼˣ˭֪Ǽһ᲻ңǼһһıɶģ
ţеǼһսҲǿ󷨣Ǽһ˿սʤαؽⶴı͸أ޺صŮ˵ľٶһаƵˣȻҲȥֻҪһƵƣǿԽסһˣʱ򣬶еĶǹϷ֣
ʱǽֹס޵ĻޣҪ˵ˣǼһﻹأ
˳ŽĿ⣬˰Զĺ꣬Էһܣͦʯ̨ϣϵƷ·Գһ㡣
ˣ޵۾¶һ˿ɵȻǰȴҺΪԷʵҪǿ
ǿĿҲ˺꣬¶һ˿⣬һƺЩԹˡ
ܶ߼кֻ꿴һ㣬ߣ·һ㡣
޺ͽĽϺãԣԼҪһȣʵٸߣҲҪԼһͷҪ֪һλ߼ʦöãͿʦˡ


498 
츳ӹɣΪڵϵ裬´ʱѾڴʦˡˣǸἫ£
ԣԺĸоܲã
عʱƱƣеĶȻٲģʵռȡͷĻҲҪһԼˣɱһʲô£ָɫ˵
ţҲһͷǻõбһۣˣô죿
һҲѲ棬û˭Ҷ԰ռеþѾܲˣҲ˶һۣ

Ų㣬һ΢磬һƬҶƮƮɸߵĶڣࡣ
˭ģȥ֮ʱһǳֻһʮ׺վ۾ŭ죬ֻ֮Ϊͨͨȴһİ⡣
ȥûֵ˼𣿴˼·˭ƣһվһ֮ͨߣۣɨرǣªޱȡ
Ȼ

쵹ûзȴŭˣɲԸ˶ϵĺͷų˲佫Щ֣ɱ֣۷ı֮⾳ȫȻʩչ˲䣬Щǳͣˣ֮ǰߣȫ˱
ʵЩЩ㲻˴󵨵Ϊǿֻһ֮ѣûʸûֱӳɱ¸λҲǼ˵Ĳ
ǣǿʱѾˣǵصĺ֣˲壬ǵԪţҲⶳˣʶҲģˡ
ð³
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ʲôˣɱˣڼ˱֮󣬿ֲĺϯڣ༸ھ˺󣬶λʯϵʦҲѹֻ⿴һͱδ鿴˵Ϊһ˱ŭ
ʵҲԷΪǸߣĿǰֻʦռƣЩҲȥһʦȻƾ޷Ƴı˭֣ͺ˵ˡ
λʦ˵λƢΪ꣬ҲһλΪΪԸһ㡣
ҲͱǺû⣬ֻʱ򣬶һޣȻüͷⲢڱﲻǿ˱Ϊֲ֮ƣһ֮
֮ܽ˲Ϣ⣬ɼʵ֮ǿǿߡ
һһǳǳʦʾעһ£ǧҪǲˣֻǣ˻ͷδоɶŭĿӣȥҪӰҵ󣡲Ȼ͵ű߷ʬɣ
ָǣҲ˵ʵֲ㲻ʲô鷳Ҫֻǽ˸ϳȥ
ǳʱѾһĴ
ǱȱΪֲģ
Σֲֻ֣̽һиʦֻоһᣬ˲뿪ʯţһֻĴס˲ӡ
ʱŸо˿־壬Ӽɳˣɫͨ죬Ϣң̶оһɿֲ壬ֱ嵤
ɲǼ䣬ĵﱻˡ
꣡
ţһ죬˻˸ս˫ȲֻǸʦԴһ蹬ȥ
ǣȻ֣ôԸأ
ֻ̽һֲ˲֣ǵ껹ûӼ㱻ɵˡ
쿴ԼûҪ˽ĵطֱ²ƢȴСˣֻһǾɱ
֮˳ժʬϵĿռָҲû
һĻʱڵʦʱˣһɿ־ڲĶڣÿһ˷·𿴵ԭоƵģѱֶסˣѾͷҲھˡ
ǲ֪ôҲ֪Լô˿־壬ǿ־塣
첢ûǣǿһѱ񣬴һӣ⾳ʩչ˲䱻ûûӰ
Ϣֻ֮мöռָһĨҽϣǼöռָ쾶ֱǰʮֹǽڣҲûʣļʦ
ǰΪȣ֪䲻󣬵λԸߵʦӲͷƤͱʩݵ༸վڶڵߣҲŶ˶ʩ
ǰղˡͼֹǰʦʦ
첢ûпˣֻǵص޹أֻƣϣҪңȻղǼ˾³
ʵ̫ƽˣûһƣûһɱ⣬ͣ˵Ķȴ·׹ϵ塣
ǣ˿һ۱Ȼֿ죬ǰǷҪΪһ
ڰ֣鷳ˣҲˣ
һͷһ¶˼ı飬ǿս͵ţֻ˽һ½ƵоƵģȴ뵽Ҳһʶңʵ۹һȥȻҪĽܣֻ˵ϵ裬ǵ͡
ս츳־һ裬ʹüԺͻȻһ֣һպյˡ
ֻΪʦݵǰ
ţӣ쵹ɻˣĿ뿪ʯڣ˭Ҳʶ
Ļһף𾪵ͬʱɻˣ𾪵СһλʵߣȻ֪Ƿ룬ɻǣСУô߲֪ӵأǿɱ¾þһˣߣ죬֪ʮǿĴڣȻΪȴɻ󲻽⡣
ĪǸոɱ¾þеģ
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ǰǶʮǿеĴ˵ѾҪﵽʦ֮ˣڻþһ󷨵һˣлعǺλһӵ
ʮǿ

Īľ֮һ
Ļͱ˼ΪǸող˽⵽ʮǿȻֻһ˳컹ؼΪʮ˽пһ겻ʱĶ֡


499 ľ֮
ӣĪǾǴŵľ֮һ쿴ƽصľڱ˵ɶɫأһ˿⣬𾴣Ȼ˵ȴƽ··Եɳûʲô𣬸ûһĲ
ɲΪߣŻ˱֣ȻûмľȴʮǿеһЩǿսǵʵδؾǰôֲ
ǰŷ飬ӵȷľ֮һɺػشĻһ֮ˣΪʶ̫ˣԸȽºͣԣһ㶼Ǻкϵ̬ȡ
ľľ֮һĻͷ漴ֵ˽
Ļһ㶣ȷʵǲ˽ʮǿֻһʶѣľҲô˽⣬ֻǵŻ֪ģ
Ŷ˵˵ͷʾ
ľֱǵŶСе߸ȡãȫÿһֵص㣬˵һ⼸λǿҲûоܾˣ˵ȷʵţɫ
һЩţɻ󣬵Ī϶ԳСһʲô˼Ҫ֪ſɲһ˿ȡģ
ǰСһȷʵ̳棬û˵ȵģɫΪ࣬ǳأΪĽսǿóֱУԴҶΪ
ʱ㲻˵ˣЩֻ֣лҪһЩϵĸ֡
ת˲䣬ǰλǿߣ˵ǶʮǿеңҲУ
һ㶣漴ʶɨ⣬˶ڱĿ񣬵ʶȴڶǻȻͱһľٶˡ
콫ʶջأʵ̽ڶΣҲ֪˭ˡ
һɽȣ㷢ǿʶͬҪǿ٣ңΪ֮ĳڣпڶʮǿ֮УֻΪ֪ľ֮еԲûо²һ´˵ݡ
˸ӡܲãһɰǵʱʹѾ˵˵ķ롣
ǽδƣѳˣ֮ˣ쿴Ҫݺݵشһǵ𣬲Ż
ǰΪ˵һĴСе㣬ûԸ뷨ΪеģΪһ߼ʦҪʦˣѪȵУҩ߼Ҫԣܶ˶Χԣ۾ɨһ¶ڣǰȥˣȻǰսǿ󣬵ǵվƣ¶ǰ
쵹һ㶣û뵽Ʒ棬ܹİһЩעߣһԣø˲٣ֲֶֻýǰҸģһ졯ֱֿ֣ӳֵܼ߳ɣ
һ㶣漴ϲˣĳֵܣ
ֲÿҶЩͷ˿΢΢һЦ
ֿƽ֮ʱһȻȻ󷨶Կƣ²Ӳ
ҡҡͷֻЩͷûа취ƽ⣬оһ˵ҵ
ѾܲˣĳͲ֣Ҳ˼һ˵һ֣˵ʯԡ
ͷ㽫ĿƵǰʯϣһĺۼԺ
裬޷͸ĽƵģУ󷨣Сܾԣпƽһơ
Ĭʱ򣬶нðˣÿһ߶Ϣ´˼վԣȴڰķʯϣ󷨡

ڱֱߵʱ򣬲е߲ͨˣʯ̨ϵˣҲע
Щߵעȫڶڣԣ淢һУӲǵʶҲ⽫ʶɨɨȥӰλʦ㣬ֻ˽ǵע淢һУɿ
ʯ̨ϵˣ޺ͽʶһֱű֮⣬˽ͱڵսȥġ
ĺԪոʩչ˲䣬Ǻ˺õ۾ʶɨȥȻ󣬽һĻĻǿ˵ɫʱˡ
ø֮ȻҶˣϵİ⽥֮һ⣬һˣƾʶһ龳ߣΪܿ͸ΨıˣԣŻɫ
ǽɫҲˣ΢΢Щأ˵ս²ҵȲ鷳ˣƳ˽ƣĶ¾ͻᱻߴˣ
ߣȷʵǿˣοΪҲῴĶ磬ûеɽֻȭͷ˵ʵǿ˭ʸԣȡ棡̸ʱƺޱʵĻǺϸģȻôнʵء
ޣаսʤ꿴ޣһ˿ģ޵Ļеȴһ޵ϡ
ǷſһսҹҲѣûʲôµģʶ࣬һк˵ʶ࣬ǹ޺԰ȴ۾һֱעŶԣеļɵԵĶûп
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޵һ㶣ȴǵͷոյǹɺϢƺǵϲӦǺ⾳
⾳
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Ѿ˴ԲˣôŮӺпıǵ츳ҪǿһЩ֮ΪҲпģҪ֪⾳ߵҲֻ޵Ļ֮⾳ųɵĻ򣡡ɫʱ


500 Ͻ
ʱĬˣԷ⾳෴໥ƣǣ˵ˮƽֲһ£ųɻĻ֮⾳ڱԲĺ⾳ǰûʤ㣬ֻôţҲǵһС磬οǶʬ߳ģһ֮һĶ֣
˲ʱٶ˵ˣʵֻд˲֪ģһûɱˣ˵֪ŮǲҲһľ
˽̸ʱվڲԶбӢȴɫ΢ľٶѾԶԶϣҲ˱ʩչǺ⾳һǴԲĻ
ľٶնɱһʵǿʦο˲ûֽ꣬˱ʧֲֶֿΣδš
Ǹ֣ΨһĻ
ʯ̨ϵˣɫҲˣǵУһս⣬ǺˣϽ֣ݺᣬ·һ̲סҪʵĽ
ߣνĶʮǿм˿ȵģһȺ֮ǲһ𣬼ֱңĿضŶڣ·ʶĿɿһС
ֻǣղõĲ֪ʲô似Ȼ˵ļ£ĪһִǵʲôأôֲľУ֪ǷӦڴһս
ʯ̨һͷ絶һ꣬ûͷųԼĵпսȴΡ
Ӧǻûбǿ߰ɣʵôҲŵҵǰߣֻˣΪҵĶ֣ҵ׵ʼĬˣǴսǰϣ㲻Ҫʧ

쿴ǰʯڣ۾ĳһʮϢң㷢Щ̺ƺڷ仯ֱ仯һֱţȴ޷׽Ĺ켣ǵʱ򣬷һ̺ʮϢ֮ǰͬ
ʵǹ죡
һȻһ󷨵ĻΪһµ󷨣Ͼõ󷨹ż棬ʵҲļء
ǣһµ󷨣ô󷨣㲻ôƵġ
ɲΪһµ󷨣˵ĹĽƣп˵һָ󷨡
ʯϵĿ̺ۣͨͨ·ǵ䶴ʱµģȴֻȻɣֹɡ
ʵÿһ̺ۣһƣɿɸߵʯϣȴ̺ۣҲ˵ƣÿһƹغ󷨵ı仯
һƴḶ́ҲһѶȵ⣬ѶȣΪ̫ˡ
ȷһ㣬ɣһǻһɱ󷨣Ͳ֪ˣԿ϶ֻϵ󷨣ȷʵڡ
˻ĴڣԼ򵥵һصɴҪؿ󷨵ĿĽȥɴԣҪƵƣȥ
촣ʯǰֱͦϢҲֹˣ·ΧʯΪһ塣
ģЩڶΪϵ͵ʦȫעı仯ڴ˴ǸԭȵλʦıߣǰһЩСæ˳ѧϰһ˵
ֻĵǵģҲ׷ǵľ⣬֪ǰ꣬ϣĽ衣
ԣоֹһ̶϶Ӱشԣʱǣûעʯϵƣȫ졣
ϵϢʱǿʼɻˣȻǱܵһһصƣģǰ꣬ϵǹɿֲҲʧˣ֮Ǳ۾ȴڵĸо
ǻԿüһΪʹûгֹԭµϢҲʧˡ
죡
м˻мʶģǿԵɣ²⵽һ״̬ҲͷųһΧΪһĴ
ȴִ֪ʲô
Ȼǲ֪ȴ֪Ϣֻɱϸܵõ֮ǰΪɽؾֻ֪һЩʶļʶԶԶ䲻ݡ
ֻڽʥɽ֮ļʶŽ㷺
ϵִȻǴ֮
ʱսʱ¶ֶΣ
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ĿǰֵֻǣֵһģǷֱǷ֮ˮ֮ͺ֮
⺮֮ˮ֮ģҲͨĴĿǰѾ֮⾳Բ
ֵȴǴﵽ˴ϣǾԲҪһĻ
ԣ쾹Ȼٴչֳ˴Բ֮Ĵ⾳֮ʱ𾪣޻˵
ʱ״̬Ϣˣʶûһˮƽ޷ģֻܿС
ѩȻ֪״̬塣
Ҫ˽󷨣ҪΧĻΪһ壬Ϊһ壬ұΪһ壬󷨽ơ
ȷʵõģΧĻΪһ壬ʶԪ֮ϣҡҷ˷·Ȼ
壬ʱԡܾΪʯϵһơ
ȣֻоһƣȻܾʵ̫ǿˣ·Ϊһ㣬˲һ
ȻˣȻı·ʯ񣬵ڵһƱƵ˲䣬Ԫ񣬻ǇNɪһ¡
ţ㽫ǰİٵоΧڡܾĸ£ֻǺķ˰Ϣʱѡ
Ϣʱ䣬ջȴǺܴһƱ󷨵ɵԪһٵƣһٸɵԪʯֻҪƣƳ˻
ʵ󷨣òνоߵ˼·ƫ˷򣬴ﵽԻĿģͨ죬ֻҪ޷͸󷨵ıʣ޷Ƴġ
ʱһعȥˣʱ֮˳붨״̬һ˿Ĺâ
ʱƬʯϵĿ̺ȫһڻأȫ׽ˣѾ֪ȥ
ı仯ȻУȫо˽鷢
ʱʯ󷨵ҲͻȻֵϢˣϾȫעͶĳоʱһӰ쵽㣬ǣһֶпܴŵ㡣
ԣˣһ죬ϳŵɫʱԼĪѾ֪Ƴˣ
һϣûǶеˣĿʯеĸ䡣


501 Ƴ
濴ֻһԲΣӰǷģһǱȽϹ塣
ۣĸ
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Ҫʲô
Īʲô
Ѳʯ֮£

Щ߿ľٶʼһʱ䣬ڵİƣʱ򣬱תؿǼһۣ͡
ʵȻû˵ҲľٶɻҪʣ澢ֹͣԼ뷨
ûб˵˽ŵ֣Ȼڵʯͷ
Ȼ󣬱㿴һץеʯͷ飬ţץ˼Σ֪ڳһֱߵԲʱſһɫʯ棬ķ֪ж೤
ʯĶʱЩȻûзȴڴţе˼顣
ףȻж⡭ȴ𾪵سˣȫķָסˣû뵽֮£Ȼ
ʱع۲ʯ죬̾ǲ
һ˿ϲûֿͣʼڣģɫķʯС
߼һߣżȽƣ쿴һۣѾ֪ԭ͡
ֻһи߶ȵĻԻ󣬿̻Ҫһˮƽʱ޷Բؿ̻Ļ󣬲Ҳֻǵؽ󷨶ѣţöãҲԿ̻󷨡
Ȼ˵һʯ̨ôͼˣ춯֣ߵõɣæµ
Ƭ֮ͬʯ̨˳
ʯ̨ص˲䣬ǰʯ˱仯Щ̺Īʧˣһƽұڣмһʯţһɿȴߡ
ǣʯŷ·ʯһˣԵĺۼʯɫĲͬ˻Ϊĳõ̳˵ġ
ǵڶƵĿ𣿡ǰĹʯţ૵
ǵڶƣոȥ˻ϲĻʯſ²򵥣һɱ棡ɫȻոƳ˻Ϣȫʧˣ֮Ǽء
ϾǰƣûлôԽҪƳ²ףⲻҪҪʵ
аƳ𣿡죬Ͽһ˿ţʧˣɫ鷳ʼ
ʱ֪ƣ²ôƳģԼƲУҡҡͷɫ糣ңҪҵۣ²ô׵ģ
ҪҵĻܷԸ֪еѶȣԼֻһԹۿˣЩ˻õĵ
ţͷѾܵǿϢ˶
Ϣ֮ʮӰ˶УȻʯ̨ϵˣмȴЩ龳ڵߡ
Щһʯͱ˰ڽԶ˵һԡ
Щ˵Ŀ۵ʯϣûпʲôƵϣˣ죬֪ʲô
Щ˽ʱ򣬱죬ûȥǣ죬ǴʯǰĿһֱעʯţ·ûвЩ˵ĵ
ôзƵʯţ޵Ŀڱɨһۣ죬ȵ·ʹһˡ
ȻתĿ̺ſֲɱ⣬޵ʵǿɱʱ̲סɫһͣ˲Ʈһ˿־塣
ֻ˲֮ЩŭˣȻŮǰˣ
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Ѿ漰ԼˣʵǿԲ뵽ǿ
ΪãֶֻιһѣսӦԼƽ
㻰أСӣˣ޵һ񱩡
üͷ΢壬عͷĮһޣʲô
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ʲôˣǶѾ֪ǿС֮Уû˸Ҷô˵Щ֮ǰߡ
Ȼ֪꣬ȴЩзǰޡ
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Ȼ𾪣ǼΪһʵս޴նɱԲѷͷ࣡
˵⻰ʱǺ˵۾΢Уһֱעɫ仯ʼնǵȻûһ˿
ˣЩֲ
ǵһ꣬۾΢΢΢̣ϵսûпס
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бİ꣬ȴһ˿ɫһĿⲻֹ˼¡
Ҳоһ籩
¶һ˿Цݣеļթ֮ɫһţȤؿ죬ĿƵ޵ϡ
޴ʱĬˣǱǰ֮ǰǿ꿪ˣֻƣЦſŶ˵ʣʵǾʣ֣˼ҾȻ㰡
䣬޼ɵ޵˼һԼʵһ㣬ֶֻιѣСеĵλǷһ㲻ǵ
Ļһڣڵٴһ䣬˵ù뱾ǻˣѾǱٱĻɽˣֻҪʱĿȴƵ˵ϣص㣬һµĸо
⻰һ޽ҪĻɽ·˲䶳סˣɫ˲ϵɱ纣һ㣬ϯȥˣĻסˡ
ҲôͻȻЦˣ޼ɵĿЦղŵֻ֪Ҳ⣬ΪȴŭֻĻȴĻʱסˡ
ɫѿע죬ãܺãû˸ôҵǵһ
첻мؿһۣص֮ܣʲôû˵
һɫһͣɫѿͬʱ룬첻Ĳ֪ǵĴڰɣǣ
ʱǽСӣ֣ͬʱλʮǿϣ㲻Ҫƣ
ĿҲûһۣǿɫĵȻޣλʮǿƺ


502 սǿ
⻰һȺʼ˽ˣȻĻ⣬Ҳ𾪡
꣬ȴ˲ŭˣɫޱȣеɱ֣ӣڼ̤
µڻþ˳Ƶʮǿеʮλ쵱ǲ֪ĳߣѹԼķŭҪԼԷѹȣȻöԷ֪ԼĿֲǸôǺ󻰣ֻ֪ǣ
쵭ؿ˵һۣʮλӣΪһأ
һбüͷ΢ƺϲ˵ǽ꣬ɫѿ֮Ҫ֪ڵ֮󰡣
ŭˣؿ죬µƺǷﰡ֪µʵǷһ
쵭ؿһµһԣ
΢һɱ֣ȴһվԼǰޣ˳ǹҪһ¸µĸУ
޵Ļһڣ˼ˣϲˡ
쿴˿ޣֿ˿ͬʱһ۽һҲһϣνĶʮǿжǿ
˲䣬ڵסˣĻΪĻ
һ֮ߣΪҲֻ龳ѣȻҪսʮǿߣǿ
ĻǺ絶ͬʱһ㶣Ȼҡҡͷͷˣ֮ǰ󣬶ʱ
ǿÿһ߹ﶼһ˿߲񣬱㲻ߣ
ǣߵĿҪжȣһʵֺƵʤȣ㲻ǿˣ֪
֪ˣôʸǵĶأ
ãܺãЩˣȻ˾磬֪ʵҪսˣ㻹ûʸ񣡡صˣһҪ󣬵һսסҵ֣ն񵶵ϳ
ĿƵϣصԭն񵶣ҵ
˿ʼ˽޺͵ɫˣǵն֮ǰȴûǣΨն񵶣ڴ
Ļɫһͣ漴¶һ˿⣬оԼ˲ߴ࣬·˾һ㣬ܱ֪ʱ˵⻹һҫֻԽлûнһ仰·һĶ⣬ݺݵسԼϡ
ʱǰ·һȺ׷ɱһߣȣȺ˱ն֮вңȻұµˣƽ·ֻ˵һҳһ㡣
Ļ죬ܶЦȴֲЦΨ޹Ц
ɫ࣬Ѿ׻ԼѾģɱ죬漴޺͵صҵģûɣ
ߣ㵹Сǿ߲࣬ҸֲףСеʵô㣿мصҵˣûһ³ҵģ
ʱϵɱ⿪ʼͷų۾ȵؿ죬ˣҵģҵҪϵĹǷǿϹ򣡡
ˣƺ˾֮У˭Ҳ˭ʱֿˣҵʱܱһϣ
һɫһֻͣ޵һ·ɽ緢һ㣬һɳȵϢ죬ͬʱȭͷ˲üġ
ɫ䣬һȭʹ˳ɵĹӭ޵ȭͷ
͵ˣȳɱȥ챻նɱûǵķݣ˼ͬһʱ彫ɱ졣
˿û⣬һƻ֮󣬱Ѹʹ˫ȭ˵͵
޵һȭȫΪ˽ʵҶַǳŭԣһ֣ȫɱ
ϧȫһһƣ·һֻޱһһ㣬ǿµķ·һ龫ֲֿ֣ƻһ㣬ֱӽɣǱǽڵţ֪ɵȥ
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Ȼôһȴȭͷסֻáꡱһҽһ˳ȥɳĵʯϣɫ԰ףһֵؿ졣
ڵֵͬʱĹҲˣץüĵͬʱ˲ͷųԼǿʶҪѹ죬Ȼػ
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ˣʱԵ˲˰˳ɵָոջɵȭ뵤צײһ
һȶԿǰǻҪǿһ֣Ȼǰ˳ɵĹ
꣡
ֻһ֮˲䣬㿴Ҳ˳ȥֱʯϣȻ󱻷ڵϣɫ԰ޱȣͬʱ־쳣
Ǳֵؿ죬뵶վһ
ʱһγɱ죬һΣгһѻĳǹƱ֮ǰǿһֱ֣üġ
η壬磬ڵ͵ɳȥʱѾˣΪ޵ľٶҪնɱˡ
ɣ޵ǹǺܲģѾ۳һ˿ǹ⣬ֻ˲ʧȥӰǹ֮ȥ
ӦǹλѰӰֻǹƸոת㿴һֻϽɫĴȭȻǿֲƣ쳣Ȼˣֻýǹǰסǿֲȭͷ
䡭
һ죬ٴεɳȥ·߷һ㣬еǹ֡
һʹ˰˳ɹȻȴ߳ɹҲûʩչֱӱɣصʯϣ³һѪϢ䲻ȣɫ԰׵ÿ£ƣ˲䱻ˡ
γڵϣ˵͵ٴһ˲˵ǰһɴһָ
ȸоҪɱԼһһι״ƷУ죬Ȼ
ֻʹָֻһϽɫӰ˲ɽֲĻ֮ɣһֲ磬Ҳͬһʱն졣


503 ɱ
䣡
ͬʱ˺󣬲˺󣬶ܵ磬Ǳֲɵģմ˻֮ʴ
̫Сˣʺս
ԣ˵սûзſۿˣ̫ܵѹЩʵϵߡ
γ֮󣬱˻صԭλ˵Ŀⶼڿ
Ի
⣡
𾪣
ܶΪǳ˻þۿǿߣ𾪵Ըӣıʵڳǵϣ̫ǿˡ
˻һսģǸղŵһУ˲ǵš
ǴˣĿ񣬲ǿĻֻڳһ飬㹻˵ʵ
ԣľٶʵǲǿһţǿš
ϵȥ˲任һأĶ֣Ӧġ
絶꣬һ⣬ȴ˲䱻ɢĵ·һ㣬죬ʹ飬Ҳ޿κΣ
Ǻ꣬ԭŨŨս⣬ȥȭͷţ֪Ķ֣Ϊ޵ˣ޷һд⣬شޣ˵ֻɵ
һ浹ʤ
սʤеκһҲҪȫսˣֻаܡ
СӢۣСͻһУ̾ҲֻǰʮЩһսɣָо˲ˬ𽣣˭ȴԼ

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ƽȲҲͳʵͨǣȴ·ԾĵĹ֮˾ؿȴеĺ⡣
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ǣȥͻŹ
Ŀ䣬·ǺĽһ㣬ֱǵͷ
Щˣת˼ȦǿԼƽµʵҵѾʶˣ磬ŵðʹ˽ҹ
˵ţгһƿ죬һ߼ʦƿؽƷĸԪ£νʶǽΣ
Ļһͱ֮⣬˽Զ𾪲ѣ⻰˼ǣͷ
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СеĴˣһʮ˵ǿߣȻͷ
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ȻΪ֮ӵĵȴǵͷˣ
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˿̣ȻȴԼĵλЩԽУͷˣ˵ˣ
쵭ؿţɫƽ糣ָо·ڼЦŵֻĵҩҲȱɽ֮ҾѾˣղŵı֣Ѿ㻮˱ɱ
һ˲Щʵ͵ߣ붼ð亹ǿҲĻסˣǲŹˣҪ֪ζʲôôܶΪУвǰʮǿߡ
޴ʱȴǾ岻ѣ˽Զ˲Ĵˣ뵽ˣԪв֮ʴԪȴûʲôЧЩֲĻ֮·ƹ֮֮
ɫѾˣеĺԽԽŨѾͷˣȴ˿ӣһ£ϳױˡ
죡
޲죡
ʵм֪ǾɱΪ죬쵤ԱֿűӶݺݵĿ⣬Щ񶾵Ѿŭ죬ɣҲˡ
ҪȻʵǿҲǾ㣬ֻǲΪɱңҲҪСеԸԸ⣡϶һһΧΧ۵ߣҼΪһʦҵĴڣɲ˿ȵģ
ĻһЩ֮龳ߵˣǿ죬һ̬·˵㲻ɱȻǲŹ㣡
Ļ쵭һЦǣǣкηˣÿ˸ɱңǱ㻹ųʦߣҲΪߣ
·޴ݺݵ˵ϣȷʵˣûԸǿ죬㶼㲻̸
ɫ䣬˵Ĳǰ˵˻ȫԮ󣬿϶û˭Լ飬ı
ֻûоʱֿˣһ仰ֱٲ
Уһ飬ʵҲǸʦһǸʦ
˻һȺˣǸذϢ
ʦ
һִڣ
СУԺˣҪ֪ʦ͸߼ʦĲ𣬿ɲһ㣡
סˣסˣˣȻ󣬱㿴·񾭴һ㣬죬ôܣѣôʦҲţҲţѣ
տʼսսЪ˹غģеĽһ˲䣬̤޵ݡ
Įľٶͣ٣ŵղŵͷҽ첻ɱ㡭
Ļû˵꣬˲عΪ֮ǰľֿһ˿⣬ٴβˣһΣϲ֮ʱļ
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仰˵ʱ˸սԭ첢ûдŹԼ
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ɣ
˲䣬·̺ſֱֲõ衣
ȭͷգתŶȥȻͣɫƽؿ죬ʵԸ𣿡
죡
쵭³֣֣ȴǳΪСһζȴ֡
죡úãҼסˣ
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504 սǿ
ˣˣǣһ֣۾￴˳ޣˣһ᲻ѩ޵ģ
첻£
СУΪɱ¾ɾ£
ŵӰԶȥе̬죬ܵľǵޣһߣֵˡ
ʱǷ֪ԼС׹֮һжˣǱСһιʵ˾ǣǵԴǵǰ;
Ҳϣһ뿪ܾ裬ȴһ
ʲô
ǽǮʯĵر似Լ
ûˣһжǿ̸
ǲûо첢ǸϾɱǻһѾҪԼǾͻƣȻǲĶ֣ǣƴս죬ҲòСӦ
ԣһжҪδá
ߺɽзˣ۷׷ףɣΪ˻ģʱ죬ȴǽĿǻڵ޶ϡ
λ̫Сˣȥһսɣָ֮ǰƽڶ˿ħǲ˸ս
޲ûжǲҶһȥǳսֻˣǣǸո̹ûټ׽һѵİնûС
ǣѲҪ־ܣǵͷֻԱУ
ȻһֿûУƣ
ޣ񽻻һ£֪ʲôʶƺĳ־Ŀϣãȥһս
ֻǵؿһ۵ȻĿͣ޵ϣȴû˵޺󱳲ð亹û֮ǰĴȥս
ջĿ⣬Ųһ˲ʧȥټʱѾڶ֮ˡ
ƯڿУɣḡڣһ߿֣ɫ䣬۵ӳˡ
ʲô
ѲҪһսˣȻôḡڰգ
ǲǽ죡ôܲһϢ
֪һն񵶺ǹܲʤù
һߣŲ˭֪Ժ󻹻ʲôˣ
кϷˣ

޺͵Ҳ˰գԶֻʱ죬泯ȿڣŶˣö˷ŭ֮ȴ޿κΡ
˳ֺ󣬱Ҳˣţ꣬絶꣬ɽе߶ˣʵǿļλʯ̨ϣվڶڡ
һ߿ⳡս⣬׷ÿʹùпճһƬأΪ˵սӡ
˴ʱգ컺תŶ˵ְɣ
죬ɫΪѿˣ޺Ҳ޷սʤ죬ֻϣò
һޣ֮ǰɫصޣʱһ˿񣬹Ц벻޻ôһ죡Ⱑ
漴ض죬еĺεͷųҳϣҿˣⱲͬǿ߲٣ȴûһѿܺã
˵ţһתʵǿΣϣĲǿߣҿɲ뵤ңģҲҪһۣ
һ㶣޵Ļ˶컺͵ĻᣬѾˣΨһսս
ϻ̫ˣ쿴˶һۣص
ʱеĹŶˣսһ
ಣ
һƿ֮޳գǹУޱߵĻ֮ڵΪʩչЩʵϵ͵ߣԱƸѹȵԴϢ
ǳȵĻ̫䵽ɽһ㣬Ⱥ
ɽ󺣣
ޱ߻ǹתǹӰûʮɴСĳǹԪϮ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳһƾ˵壬ն񵶸߸߾һԺĵɽ󣬶ն񵶣ǻûһʮɳĺɫԪһ
Ԫ̩
ɫ䣬ղתԳʮɵĽӰؿڵġdֻת·һ⣬ˡ
ɱĹ˫Ȼ̧˫ƻ˲䣬ƾճʮɴСϽɫƣ˵עȥˡ
ƣ
һ£ƶһֻֻģ˷սˣ첻ò˫ֳҪԴžߵϣȻڵΪҪʩչǳԳ˵Ρ
Ӱͻأֱ֣赲סǹԪ͵ԪĹĹɿֲײһ˲䱬ɢӿܣ˱˲䡣
·Ҷһ㣬ڰҡҡڰڣڣΣȴͬһ㣬ֱߣͣر任λãѰѵĹ㣬ޣǱȽֱӣڿһɣеǹûһʮɳܻǹ˲λãȻ˴
ԭ
ǹ˲챾ԱܿͻȻֹסɫ̩ȻֳֻʵϮĻǹ
ȼľ
ʮ֮һȼľ˲ûһʮɳĳȻУ޵ԭȣǿ
ʵķھԺȻ֮ʹȱ֮ʩչ԰Եɱ¾֮ʩչȻԭʼľ£ȴˡ
ԭûĻǹ˲䱻Ļ𵶸ɢ·Ӱ±ֲĻ˵ٴ˿ʯˡ
ȻȼľǶ似Ȼ޵似Ҫǿ£ټʩչǱԭ赲һ£Ҳֻһѣȴ˿̺ɱ¾⾳Ļ쵶Уƿգնһ谭ֱޡ
һ̫죬̫Ե޿ɱܣֻǺ£ǹ߾٣Ҳ룬ֱӴ߶ԪһУ似ֻ鼱֮µӦ
䡭
ײɢܣǹɱȴ·Խ˿ռ谭ֱɱ˱ײɵޡ
꣡
ɱɢˣɲֹסΣͷһʹһϸϸѪ۴ͷ˳űһֱ쵽°ͣһ˿˿ʺѪޱȡ
һ㶣˲ϵסһ˿ܹ졣
˺ֻۣǡûƤѣûֻ˺ȴһսľ
ֻǱһ˿ɱѵģ˵Ĳʱǿһ£֪Դᱻһ˿ɱ롣
ֲ
ֲ̫ˣ
޽סŲԶ뵶ս죬ߣ
ģҲ̫ǿҰɣˣҲûռ˿Ϸ磬һˣ


505 ֮
ǹɻˣ⵽ʲôʵ
ʲô磬˭֪
ǹˣȻҲᱻ׻ɣ
ˣǻǱ˵ģǵĲ̫ˣ
ǵѪֲ̫ˣвԴֿģ
ʮǿе˺֣Ķ֣Ƕôֲʵ
ˣӦˣոձˣѵûп𣿡
Ƕ޷սʤ죬ɾͳˣ
սʤˣܻѾܲˣǵʵûпսʤ죡

𣬷ŷһУȫȻѹЩ޷ε𺳣ȴ쳹ɽȡ
һȼľ֮󣬱оϮһɿֲɱ⣬룬ǵץסս޵Ļᣬûһ
ֻһʮɳĺɫԪ£첻ȥӲӣԷһȻֲŪǿʹܵһ̶ȵˡ
ϾĵԪ˵͵࣬Ҳһãһˡ
ԣֱӱܿˣ
ֻǵֲĵԪһˣڵһ˷֮ʱڳϵΪ켴֮ʱͻأʧˣûһ˿ۼϢʧˡ
סˣסˣȥˣ
˲ö֪
ʱ·ͻȻȻתֻ󣬰Ȼڰգһƽ
ǿһʧˣõվǰʱֻ㱵ĸоղŵɱԹͻȻˡ
ֻֻǼ˲һϢʱ䣬Ȼ򣬽ҧֱϵʹʱ̱ѣʯһǿֲĻ֮޷ɢֱֻϵļѾʴˣɿݣɢԪҲ޷
ˣսҲǴۿۣѾ̶ֳȣ·ֻƴɱһѪ·ԣһתеն񵶣죬Ѹ
յն񣡡
һѾǴʱȫһˣնͷųޱߵɱûһѪɫĵԪ·ƾճһ㣬ֱӵͷ
һȸղһҪֲղһõڼ˷״̬µһһȴ·˵£ն˾Ҳնϣ
һ죬ҲСն֮һʩչñ˻Ҫǿ죬Ǻĩƶش¡
һԽ
һõİ취Ƕ㿪ǣȴ룬һ֮ڶΣӲӡ
תղ񹦣ͬʱͷųȫӰ֣Եޱȵһȭ˳
ȭ
ʮɴϽɫȭֱӺǵԪϣɿֲһϢȻɢֻһΣӿܣ͵ȥ
ȭӰֱӽԪΣȻȥƲ˲˵ѵĵԪȴ˲仯һɵϮ졣
䡭
ȭӰУ·߷һ㣬ɳȥԶʯϣȻڵϣڴڵѪг˿־;
죬ǱԪɣ̬Ǳûκδˡ
ϾͲټˣǳӣҲ޷졣
ʹֲһȭӰȻ϶ᱻȭ
ͻȻɫһһɱӿ˰ɷΧȻתȿڣһӣΣ
ڵľʴս֮Уע̫УΧû̫ע⣬ת˳Ŀȥֻ޵Ӱ֪ʱ˹ȿڣӣƺҪߣ
Ȼ֮ٶȶټӣһʮ⡣
һջӰֶץһֻһֻʮɴϽɫӡ޵ϿգӰ֣оɿֲϢ޵˲һ٣Ȼһ٣
ֻϽɫֱӽУ·һ㣬ѣпֲѹʹ޵Ԫת
һУ˲ϢϽɫһգȻ󣬱㿴һգ޲ıǰ
һУóϵ˾ˡ
ÿֲֶΣʲô似
̫ˣµ似Ѿǵ߻ʥˣ
ֲ̫ˣҪưС磬˱ýȥ
ϰô˷δ·ضһϯ֮أ

ʵޱµļȴʱʩչľϣȱ֣ȻŲ֮еĸ߽ϣ֮
ޱѾˣ֮ƽʱʵһ붼޷ӳкεסĸֶΣ˲Ϣ㱻С
ҪɱңԸΪоϵȻɱ⣬ǿֲϢޣ·һֻȽŵѼһ㣬ûһ˿֮£ֻܰ
Ϊ°ͲɱңңҲϡص
ҪɱңˣȻŲŹģӲʩϧ˴Ҵ˶вˡ
ֻ޵Ĳӷ·ǹͷĴλ
ţȴ˿ã㿴۾һ˿
˲˲ԣ߶ֻ޵߸ٶȼ졣
ţζȻʧӰ١
ء
ֻ޵֮󣬲ʮ֮һϢʱ䣬㱬ˡ
ķԱ˵ͬھֻˣףսḻޱȣİϷôῴԣܿ޵Աʩչռ⾳ʱʧԭء
һ֮ţԱһ龳кǿߵһֲɢ·Ĳ߶ܵ˲Ȼû˵ȴ
ǼλǿߣڿֲϮ˲䣬Ԫһ磬סԱĳ
һռƺ𶯣ɢϢ֮󣬲ŽͣϢȻɲȡ
ʱȴһطƺһ£˲䣬ӰˣĳһץֻһҽУ㿴һӰץС
Ȼ󣬱ϵɱ˲ͷţһɷǳֲϢֳǵӰ˲䱻ˣģˣɱҲɢȥһöռָС
ɨһۣ㽫ӽԼĿռָȻתǱ֮ĵȥ
վ壬ʹԼƽȻ죬ȻЦˣоңΣ


506 ǿ
벻벻ҵôҵһ죡ȻѲ޵УȴҲе֣ȴϰܵңûһ˿ԪĲɫΪ԰ףְɣУҲˣؽ¾£
УһɾȻƺѾȥ뷨ֱӱ۾
쾲ؿû˵ϵպѹ֣ȴҲܾһҲ
֮ڿˣ㷽ųֵһϣҲɱ㣬ǣϣҪΪУȻ´˵Ļᶼ㣡
ƽ֮ǣȴȺһҲ˲סˣ۾ؿ죬·һ㣡
ͬʱָоԼһ㣬۾֮š

ߣѾˣһжǻþ
ǰĻعⷵգ
㲻ɱңЩȴҲɻ
쵭ؿ㷽ŵһõҵӣʸһսҲŷŹ㣡ҲɱĶħΪУҲϧһħͷɱ֮У
һ˽Щһսǿߣɫ΢䣬ȺмˣĻһ
ˣ֪ⲻΣʵȴǷŹ
غһó˼öҩȥȻſܣΧ˵
ʧܣն֮Ѿû۵ʸôߣһͿأûˣֻʱȴںʲôϺˣãŵĸоõġ
ΧˣûһЦһ˿ĻǲмûС
֣
ȷʵû˸ЦⲢǾһأȻƷôһЩƷģǰܣҲҳϣҲӶݡ
һϣкܶ˶
οϣûʲô˵ģУһĵ֣ǰܣֺη
ңҲ˵ˣһӵʸ˵Ҳͽгǿʵģֻѡ
˿ˣٿ˿죬ȻоһɴδйĵȻľϵ
쿴·ĵһ㶣ҲסˣΪȻڴ˿Ϊˡ
ǻԵ
˼ȻһԾ֮ĺڣεı仯ľС쿴žͻĵһ˿ɫ
ǿߣŵɫҲǾȲѡ
û뵽¾ȻˣǺ
Ѳк󸣣ʵǰʮǿҪһˣ
˼ʰôˣȻˣ
٣ĻԵҲд˵ˣֻʱôأ

쵭ؿ˵һۣûǣһŶȥ
ֱϵĻ֮ɢȥʧڿУ·ܵĳǣֻǱͻȻΪ˳ȥ
ʱĵȻѾ֮ڵߣľϵʹΪҲ˿ԽʽĽ
ʱǺ꣬Ҳüͷˣ֮ĳڣһԾڣе൱޴ġ
֮ǰĵʮɵİտԻܣǣʱĵʤ֮־ѾܲˣȻԼжԷʵǶһսп·硣
絶һĻ꣬ʱǳ䣬õ֮ˣҲõ֮ˣֻ֮ǰԵмһˡ
Ȼʱòľ֮УԼİһûаտʩչɼһǿ
Ķ֣˼
꿴ŵı仯Ȼ̾һ벻Ȼд˻Ե¹ʮλҪ䶯ˣҵڶʮλʲôʱҲһأ
еһ˿㡣
ľͻʱȻ۾·һ㣬žϵϢƽ
Ƭ֮۾һ˿ϲɫͻȻˣ˵ҲϣȻ֪ʲô
˿Զɽ̾һһɽȿȥΪˣȻûһս
ʮϢ֮Ӱʧ˵ҰУʱȺſʼ֮ǰһУԽţйԼеĸ̾
ʵֲ̫ˣоͻ˶ˣʵһмǶ֣
һ͸ߣԵŰûзֶ֣̫ˣÿһֶǾװ
ƺǿûע⵽󣬺Լ֮ϰƺǷӵķడ
ĹԵ쳣Ӳޱȣ᲻ǷŵӰ
˭֪Ǵĵӣ֪ڶʮǿŵڼ
˵Խǰʮ
ǰʮܣȻǿǰʮʮĲɲһǰҿɼ굶սֲ̫ˣ޷ݣ
굶ʮ굶ģ㾹Ȼս

꽫˵УɫǳĮȴҲûĵ굶лһҪһ㣬ǿ٣
˿絶ֿ꣬˿꣬Ŷһ£ȻһŶƮȥ
絶꿴һ۰꣬ȻɨһǼ龳ǿߣɫ䣬Ҳ˶
εҡҡͷ⿴һ۹⣬򶴸ȴ˲оϢС
ɽһǿ߸ҲоǿϢһǰһǺǿߣƺ
ֹվɽе˶ˣۼеע˹⡣
ʮϢ֮һӰ˹ȿڣҲһʮҵ꣬һۣͷƹڣüбޣ΢̣òٲȻһɰ
ڵȫȻͷţǰƿ
˭ÿưһ
ȷʵֻΪȵҪǿһЩ
ɰȫȻǷΪ˭컹ǿ
ǿȴôܸأֻ±ȸղǺ˶磡
ǰҲһкϷˣЩ֪ߵغļһ
СЩ˿ɴͷǲ𣡡

˽ǼȲȴûС
һ㿴һ۰꣬һ˿ɫϵİȴ˿ΣȻһȺǼǿϢߣ΢̣ҲкֱŶȥ
ֻ˼ְ֮ĿһֱڿɽȿڣǼǿҲˣһŭΪƽʱߵ滹Ǹ棬ǽ㡣


507 
ȻЩ˵УԿĹâڸˡ
תҲ˹ȿڣĵѵʲô󣬶ȴûз֣
ȷʵϢ֮󣬱һӰУЩˣȴͨͨߣǿҲ֮սһ㣬ûʲôرġ
ɻ֮ʣȻоһɼΪǿϢɽȵʱǵϢˣţһӰ˵
һ֮ڵ꣬ϢǶҪǿ
һϮ£òϵİ
ˣɫһͣ;оֻ֮ǰľڣҸûиղŵơ
ڣΪ޷ʵľ磬ϵ֮ҲǼٵġ
ģ֮ǰϢ˾Ǹеš
Ǹղһ˲䣬ȴǲ׽ˣ˵Ϣǿһţ˿Ӧ֮Ϊˡ
ʵ֮һֱϵϢҲ緽һǿֻƽʱ̫԰û·֮ʱͷʶϰߣȻԶͬʶ˵Ϊôῴ͸أ
ϵϢûȫ䣬ȣ׽һȴûѹˣֻǰͷɨһۣ·У龳ں龳۷壬ûʲô
ҲһְȻǼǿУɫ΢䣬һ˿ŭ⡣
бİ꣬˵ʱһ˿ء
ЩˣǱǿȴþ£ЩˣֻҪ㲻ȥ㣬ͱ
Щˣ㲻ȥҲп㣬İ꣬бİ꿴пǵڶˡ
껺ܵʱұϵĶڣǺ絶ˣǸոսоǿϢһǸоѹԣֳ˶ڡ
˭ֲܿ꿪ˣһ˿أ
絶ҡҡͷ֪ǿ󣬿ҲǶ֣
ƽʱ絶˵⻰ǣʱȴǵͷˣҲǶ֣
֪˭ǿ絶Ȼ
ֻ֪֪ǶǿνĶʮǿоЦһ
絶ҡҡͷҴʲôʮǿ𽣲һʮҾ鵶Ҳһʮ
ɣƺЩΡ
ǼһҲˣһͽϣҪһ絶ؿ·꣬Ƕƹڣ޲һն
ͷĬкôϾϵ裬Ǻܲģ
ϣɣ֮Уȴѹһͷǲˬ絶

Żİ꣬ȻֻɨһۣĿȴȥ̽򶴸֮Уǳŭ
ֱǶĴ󲻾
ֻţϾԷղŵûǣʱ֮
ң˵ⶴ֮иƵĽƣʱչֽŵʱ̣ʱЩˬˣȫҪϥȻǲƳƣЩ˸ż
һͨȻתŶȥ꣬ǿϷ𽣺;鵶ЩʵǲȴԣνĶʮǿ𣿲ˣ
Ȼͷųʶ̽ȥ漴üͷɫ䣬૵ܰôأҿ˰ɣģ
վڶڵ𽣺;鵶ʱȴɻ󲻽ˣ𽣵ոƺһ£Ȼ˲
鵶ҲüͷҪڼɵǣ
ģʵԣɵʲôҡҡͷɫЩء
ǷʲôɻǼɵĳЩˣ鵶
Īǡ𽣻û˵꣬оһɿֲĺ·꺮֮УǻȻתֻ̣ϵɱ糱һ㣬Χ˸еһ˲Ϣ
ʶ˲Ծÿһ·ֻӰһ˲ڶ⣬ڰգؿŰꡣ
ܣô㣡ôģסһƽϵϢһ˲ңɫҲԻңڳһŵ̬
˲һ㶣벻ôǿˣŮӣȻʧ̬·Ǽɵѡ
һһ˿ɫ֮ɫĿ޼ɵǻڱϣʣΣǲòҲ֪һǸˣǲ
СȴǱˣбİ꣬𽣣鵶б
һҲԼҲ˵
һ֪ߵغļһȻ֪ǹĲ״¾Ͳôɵˣ
кϷˣ

鵶ҡҡͷԴ⣡
ɱԼʵǼһҡҡͷǼһ￴ɵѣһʦԼˣ
Զˣ鵶ص
·ֻȻӣϵɱ˲ֶ£ֲĺһ㣬ϮȥӷӦ˲ɣȺһɿֲĺ壬ľſһѪ
˲䲻ռ䣬ͷѾ˱꣬ɫ԰ףѪ֮ͨ£תԪҺõûб˲סȻ鷳ˡ
Ϣ֮ѹסڵĺʹԪתȻ˼öҩ̧ͷűһɱ⡣
ǣȴûڶŰ꣬꣬Ҳһصؿű
ղŷһУϵ߿ȫˣԶޱȣȻ֪ʵǿȴ֪жǿմĹ⣬ԱǻǿߵСʼΪһŮӣǿȥ
ǣղһĻǿУ֪ǿˣǿǶĶʮǿʵ
ʵȴǱҪǿȴǸղֲࡣ
Ͼڱ˲䣬ȫ֮Уûע⵽Ĺ޷س˿ֲһǱŹأ
˿ӱɣסֽоȻӵƷ˶ûһ˿øС
Nɪɣνĸ֣Ȼſڵϣ
֪˭ʲôӣ
ŶӣҲô˼һ񶼻ˣǶ˰
ͽļһᣡ
ֿļһұжˣ

վԶӵ߶Ĭÿ˵϶Ц⡣
˫߬áֱ죬ʱϢȣûȥЩ˵鷳ȻЩ˿һ


508 VS̍
һЩ˿ӵЦʱ򣬻һע͵ϵİꡣ
̍Ҳ벻һųɣؿŰֲ꣬ɱѾԷ¶ԷôѸҲ޷ڶʱѡ
̍еɫɻңǷŵɫûʾűȻǰδеļɵΪ֣ǿˣǿֵľأʶչΧӰȴû֣Ȼ̽УȻûӰŷ
ֻһʲôС˵ˣ̍һȻȷʵû뵽Ȼţҿļǵãҵʱȫˣƺûüôģôģ
Ӱڻƶ붫̍ľԽԽӸ£ɱ罣صֻҪڣҾˣʲôҲסǣ
ʲô㣿󣿡̍ɫ䣬Ȼ֪˭ǼֱجΣһ뵽ͻľűϵĿ־ȥΪ뵽һ顣
֮Ծ죬ΪԷʵǿǣ˿̵ѾǳŹʱˣһ̶ʱ䣬һЩҩ֮ڣСߣȻ˲ǿߣҲɱ˲٣о龳ڵˡ
ʿգĿ
ԣѾǰԼˣαҪأ
һ룬ı㾲ˣűصأʵɣ
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ֻһ̣ɫüΪѿˣǰһӰǲϵعԼӰǺ£
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̍ǺɰҪأȴˣգŶ̍һĵȻֻ飬ö̍ǳɵֻŵȻˣ°ɣ˵һ㲻ֻأܾĥģ
̍һغһٴθԼ첻ԼĶ֣Ȼؿ졣˲ָֻư죬㣬Ѿ֮ˣһˣ
Ͷ̍ĵһԻʼ˾;òͬѰǿ̍ǿֲ֮Ȼһʱ̬̍Ȼ˼𾪣ɻ
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ӣǼɵŮӣ
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ֻһʱľٶǴ۾·󿴵èһ㡣
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֪ʮʱǰ˴Ѫ׺һ֣һƬһзǳֲ
Ҳ˵ˣ߸ǿף
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пܣ

·ڿ׳һһۣȻ֣Ķ֣
ͷһ˲ڶ̍󣬵ɽȵĳڵλãΪ¶̍ܡ
֮̍ʵɣˮһ㣬˵ĶУȴǸо˺֮С
̍תţ֪Ӧԡ
֪ǲŹԼģǣһ֣ûжپ£ͻȻϮ
Ҫ֪ĹͻȻϮ˵֮龳۷壬ҲҪԴ
죬ٶ˽һЩǣ첢һˣɲҶıƣıȴǿһ£ֻǣ첻һס
·𿴴˼ؿһۣģֵʱҲ֣
̍һϲʱָţҲپ͵ϮԼתűû뵽ô̵ʱȴ֮죬½̰ҲԤϲɣֻǣֽ֪㣬пԼֶٸغϣ
̫Դˣõҩǿ˾磬ѾûʸǼˣҡ˲ɵľ룬б˿ӭ裬ֲĺʮɷΧ·һ㣬ڶ̍ϡ
̍ɫȻȻԺ׳ΪԼ֪ʱıѷʱıǲȫʩΪУԣĬͬʱóϵҲţűɱ⡣
̍ԵĹ似Ҳͬʱ˺⾳ͻ֮⾳
Ļ֮⾳ѾԲ⾳ȴԲһĲࡣ
ԣãʵȻǴӣԵ⾳ȣʵ±Ҫǿ١
Χ˽Զ˿ʹս󻯣ǶţһΪʵսǿԴѧһЩ
ϵķͣϢˣҪԶסⳡս
˿óʱˣȻǶûϳƮƮ˿һǣǶ֪ڱУȻһͽױС
Ȼ˿֮ΪŮӵʵԶҵȿȵģ
ǰյıʹãıȴѶȲС˿֮ɱеʱֻߵԪԱķâȡʤˣ
ǵʵӦò߽ױУҪ֪Сߣ˳϶ʹõױУ
˿籶ȻǷױߣ
Ҳǣʶɨһ£һ˿ϣʥҲ˵
ʥɣ˿类ʥ
пܣ

Ⱥڰţʱ΢̸ʱȴǴܣȻ˿籽˵Ŀⶼȥˣ֪̍óȺˣȫ˽Щ˵ʮͨ˶
ùĵ찡
ǿڣĪʥ
ʥǰʹõıͬ


509 ֮ս
ģ˵ʲôȻʥ
ĴҲǸط
ûиоѵƺӡˣ޾Ļϣֱһ緢Ļɽ
ʥ֪ŮܲӮ


Ͷ̍ûעΧע߶ȼУĿǻɱ̍ȫһս̍ȴȻ˵֣ʱţûԸһŵϡ

ɽȿڴһ磬˵ϵɳٳ´Ʈ裬ؿ·Ӱ
˿裬ɴҲǱḧһ£ںڵʯ趯ţʱˣ˲ֳɽѩʵޱȣѩɽŮ裬˿籷·ߣŶ̍ȥѸޱȡ
ŭţ
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̍оþһ㣬ǰ綸Ȼˣ·ѩһ㣬Χʧˣȥֻ޾ıѩ֮أУƮı
ոնһ£˲䣬е·һſһ㣬̺ſֲɱǱ֮һײȻˡ
̍΢Ҳ˺⾳ȣһĲ࣬ĻԺ⾳Ϯɱûе޴ĳ̶ȡ
̍һ߳Уһ˼ƽ֮Բĺ⾳϶似Ҫƽ⣬ȴǺѡ
Ҫֻ֮֮̍ǿĹ
ӦһԻԵԪþɹİҪһЩ
ֻ߸߾˲ڿһɣ䣬ĻԪڵҽΧĺɢϮĶٶȡ
ʱеȻ£·ٵһ㣬һʮɳĳȻն
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ʱ򣬶̍еĶȻûֹͣŰֲĵԪ˿ϣɢ˿ϸŵĺԪ
о˶̍һĿֲΪ˱ԷĻԪϮԼջ˱˿籣˲˺һɡ
̍ĳȻУܵԪ赲ھǰߵĵطɢˡ
˵һζԹν൱˭ûռϷ硣
ɫ䣬̍ȴء
붫̍սƽ֣ĽǷǳ󣬶ңʱҲ˲١
ڶ̍һֱ԰طսңţΪԼ춼һʤùԼԸֻҪȫӦôࡣ
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ǿ¶Է죬츳ʱ㵽Լˮƽڸʱ䣬ﻹ֮ء
УһҪֹΨܳĵˡ
ǣ˲䣬ִһΪӰĻ֮Уͬħһ㣬ϵ˿־壬ʼ޷
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ʮ
η·ݣתۼֻһУΧһֲĻǧУֱնɱȥ
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鵶ҡҡͷȷʵǸţսԶʤң裬Ҳҿȵģôأ
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Űɣǻһսʱһж֪鵶˼³֣Ĭˡ

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Ԫײ˲֣·һַ·ǣϢ֮󣬶֮һֲԪ籩ɣֲУܣʱȣʱ䣬ֽȻ෴Χߣ·֮ǽǱս
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ױն
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ӿ
һ˲ֿͬʱɿֲԪɢ汻ݲеư֮Χ߽п಻һֱʩչԪֿš


510 ս
սĶˣٴγɱһ𣬸似Χ۵Ľѡ
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֪ԷķӲûҲ壬ŵˡ
붫̍Ĵսڱ𣬶Ǳ䣬ԣûʲôɹ˼ɵģΣ֮ʱ춨
ԣҪʩչɱˣֻգϵƷ·˺һ㣬ֲĺ˲仯ֿٵһ޴С
ֻ˿Χת·ǻû˽磬ʮָɣ˫ȻƳǱмϯ򶫷̍
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ⶫ̍ʵǿֲΪСֻжʮǿ
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ⲻһ̍ɵΪŮߣ˺ս󣡡
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֣㲻Ϊɣɵˣôǿ֮ߣҿ˾磬Ӧ컹࣡
ҿһ̍Ȼǿ󣬵ֶε£޷ȣһսӦûʤ
˵ĿԴɣ

ʱһȥˣĵȴ͸ģȴû¶˿Ĳͣȷʵڴ˵Ĵս
һʱ֮󣬶̍ͻȻͷų˿ֲƣԭԪĻָҾһս֮ǰµĵҩٴαһЩһЩҩʹľٴһСأ֮ǰ֮ĳڣڡ
ֱǷ֮
ս֮ʣʵջԭȷս֣ܶ˶ʼŶ̍б
ģһҲ̫˰ɣͷȻô࣡
ˣ鷳ˣҵż񰡣
Ⱑʱ˶̍Կ
ǰôأүң
鷳ˣǺŮ֮Ҳһսʤ̍

𽣣鵶бİ꣬ʱɫأǲѣȴԶ̍ӡ󼫲
ԣ̍ʱı仯ϲġ
ʱһ׶Σս޴ģ鷳ˣ𽣿̾һ
Ҳ̫˰ɣо춼۸鵶ҲһĲ˼飬̍ȡʤ᲻ǳͻҿƷô
ϣɣϷһı仯ҡҡͷ

ڶ֮У˻ָ֮Уû񶫷̍һҩԣָȻһЩԱĸûкôһֻһöҩȻתָľ缴ˣҲҪȶܶ࣬붫̍һ鸡
𽣺;鵶˿һ붨еıɫӣֻ֪ʵɣȻ˰ˣ
еˣڿ̬仯Ͽ־壬𾪡
Ȼʧˣ۾ţشڵ棬·Ϊһ壬ܲ˿Ϣ


511 ս̍
Χеĳȴ޷Ϊ붨״̬֪̍ı仯
̍ľȶʱ˵ƱòһˣһʱǰҲһʱ֮ǰʵĶ̍ƾƣͿõľ
ʼˣʣԭʧõİ⣬ٴγϡͷ΢΢𣬿ʮ죬еɱΡ
ΧҲ׽˶̍񣬰ľֱһͷ޵Ŀ⣬ɱ¾ɱ¾
Ȼ۾һɼΪֲǵӿЩ̍ȥע˲䱻ı仯ˡ
ֻ컺ת·𱾾֪̍һֻǸ֪̍ı仯ɫƽضŶ̍û˿仯ְɣ
ְɣ
Ǻܼ򵥵֣ǣִĿ˵ֻ·𱻾˳һ㡣
ѵ֪̍ľ
ѵ̍һʱǰĶ̍
ѵ¶̍
²Ҫ֪£˵֣һ
ǣ˿ʱ˵֣֪³çҲԴ
е˶룬ʮǿû롣
ʼգ̩ȻУ㶫̍ٴҲ˿Ӱ첻ʵϵľš
̍۾΢Уʱ̬ǳᣬÿοֱ飬֮ǰجΰļ䡣
ϵɱ⽥¶ɢɫĻģ·һֻޡ
˻䣬˸ʶ쵽ʱйǶ֮һУʱһԹӿͷ
ǰ۾Ѫ죬ĿҲԵ
ʲô
޷ǾΪ֮ǰʵԼǿ
ȻʱѽȣѾ֮ˣһ֮ߣ
ĻԼῴԼ
죬֪𣬴Źдͳһ̣жô˰ǶӣΪĴڣһֱجУڲһˣˣǶصʵҵľԶԶ㣬֮ǰĶ̍ˣ̍·ڷйͳɳƣȴԹ޷ŭ죬Ҫնɱ㣡н̰أ򿼫аΣǶҪǶҪ
żߵĻ̍Ȼ𣬷·һֻӥһ㣬ý֮ʮɵľ룬˲ɡͬʱе߸߾˲նʮֱռʮʮֲĻ浶Ԫ·ʮֻ͵һ㣬Զ졣
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Ȼǿ󣬵ɵԵ
ԣڶԷеʱҲ˷Ӧ
ûжܣҪӲӣԶԷֲĵ
˲תղ񹦣ţӰׯϣϽɫĹâ˶ʮɷΧ
ţ˫ǰ趯˼ӡֻһɷǳ͵ϯʮ㿴ȻƳһֻʮɴСϽɫӡƾճ֣˲ѹĵԪ
䡭ɿֲĹײҵؼɢֲУսĶǷɢ˿ؾܵߣڿգץұϣЩԪɽ磬ֵ籩ĴݲС
սĶˣ˿ûб籩в죬ǿù˼̍ҲѵĽᣬ˳˷籩ģս
ղʩչɽƣһоԺشƣƴڶ̍ʮԵͰԵ
ʮҲ԰ԵʹƣֻɽƣһĲ࣬񼼺ʥΨһʮӱǣ̺żֹа
Զս𺳵ˣðŻعҰģսӰӣһ㣬Щ뼹亹
ǵʵĪΰɣ
ֲ̫ˣֱˣ
ʵǲҲȥ
ǲţսˣ
ǿȹ֮ŵ߰ǵսһǳ

˸̾ͬʱһЩڷ˹֮֮Уڿˡ
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⻹˵ȻˣôԵ飬ϹŶܿ
ôܣѵǾ𣿾Ȼʥ࿹⣡
ĪǶ̍ıֻͨı
̫ˣգ

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ʽ죬Σڿвϵر任λãÿնһѵĹλá
ȴֻʮɵĹޣֻ۾ѪĻ⣬ʮɷΧл澳µߣУ١
̍ĽսԶԶ죬ڳϵڶߣϵ̨ġ
ȻΧ۵Ув°ߵսҪǿ
ȴһ˿
ս飬һսлģڲϵ˼иģԣȴԹ֮⣬ÿһÿһʽ򵥣ֱӣЧĹ
ʱˣʱ޷ֳʤԼޱȣûֵͣļ
̍ʱ·һֻԵޣԶԶȥŹĻ棬֮ϣһֻӰ
еȻն£ֲĻ˲۳һʺѪĻһ㣬ֶȥ
𣡡
һ˲ɽȣ·𱻻һ㣬ޱȣѾڣһЩʵõߣǱɿֲĻˡ
΢漴䣬ͬҶҡڲ޼Ѱٶ쳣ݡ
ֻ˫ֳצ˳ȵĻ֮У壬˫צ·һ㣬ץ
צ֣
Գ˽ɫӰڽϵķӰΧԵذ
Ȼǿ֮ͨȴôвأ
𣬷ɻس֮У򶫷֮̍ɱһ
ʱ췢Լսɣ붫̍սһʮָʱȭʱƣʱצ·Ǹ߽ױһ㣬ʥӲ
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˵Щѱ𺳵ĿɿڴΧ֮ˣǶ̍Ҳ;亹ֱð


512 ż
ѵһֱΪ֮ǿôֲ𣿡̍ȻԽսԽ£ȴԽԽˣȵطѾȥʱÿһУ˼Ƕģǿӭ
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ÿһնȫǳҪնȥһһͰԵ
Ȼϴʵǽ֣̍ǿҴ⣬ҪնɱԷȴʧȥǣҲܼ
ƣ
׼ᣬܿػһƣһƣûӡֱƻĵϡ
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˲䣬һµġ١֣·ɽһ㣬˿Ͻâ貣ͷжʮɵĽɫdתһɺȻ֮ս
ֻȽӰֱװܵĽɫĻϣʼ䵭Ϣ֮ʧӰ١
̍ȴδݣָϢӰ࣬޼Ѱֻƾĸоʩչġ
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֮ɳ䶨֮󣬶һۣϵɱٴۣӰ໥ɱ
һΣóǹѾ˶̍սûҪٺʱˣԣһпһ
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ɱ
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˲ն˽ʮɵĵԪ֮⾳ͻ֮⾳໥Ϊ֮⾳ռȥϷ磬ԣһ׺
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·һ㣬ɿֲײ֮󣬲ûзɢ໥͸ϮԷ
·ӵǵĹĿǶˡ
ռҵĲţսеĿˣط򶯵·֮С
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ųɱУɫԱȽأ̍Ǿ岻ѣûǱһˡ
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ڱȽϤĶ֪̍ʲôǣΧ۵˾Ͳ֪ˡ
첻ˣ
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սɿֲķ籩ռˣ˵ӰʧˣҲȫʯˣǰһУѾǵ֪ľؿǿֲľŰɽȡ
ǿֲ׵ɱУ㹻ΪΪܣһСþڶ
ôֲĹ£㶫̍ʣҲҪˡ

Хɳɷţ֮󣬲£аһӰţپļʹƽ˼ơ
ϺȻֻһӰһ֪٣
ȺʱȻˣǷ·𺳵ˡ
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ģ⻹龳ߵһ֮£ȫʬ
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ֳǹأղŵһȻǿһȴ״̬ʩչǿһˣûм߰ںϽȥΪļִǴԲ֮֮ȴѾǰľˣĴƽ⣬ԿƵľ档
ԽԽ˵ϵɳӰģǰȥϢ֮ͣ½ŲŵϵһƴСżüͷ΢塣
һ̲ѪżҲѪȾˡ
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ϣֽ߬ţֻżĩż磬ƮɢڿС
̍ˣȴ˵һи촷ˣ֮ʣżȥһѣԣʱ˻ˣȴû
żʦϵʦƳһַֻҪ뼸αѪΣ֮ʣԼȥǱ֮ʹżϵӶǧ֮⡣
ɣżǸߣ۲ǱҲջ
żҲƷʲˣһģ׼ʥˡ
ңһżֻʹһΣҲ˵ǸһԵʥ
ǣ˵һԵ׼ʥҲҪЩʥãΪߵģʤ


513 ŭһָ
ʲôû޷ǾĳһЩ
ԣżļֵɼһߣ
Ȼˣ̍һţżɱʱӦѳɾ֮ˣħ䣬ħ
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ɽǧ֮أһӰӰյ£ݺݵˤڵϣǱ
һڵأϢԪļ̷һѵҩȻͬҰһ㣬֫ŵأæԱߵɽС
ΪʲôôǿҶˣôú޻ֲ̫֮ˣԺҪԶԶģȻˣϧֻżҲ
˽ɽ֮󣬱һɽӳһһС͵ĵͽ˹
˺ȻǴѲĶ̍ʱȫް⣬Ǳдſ־ɫ˭뵽Ҳ߳һʱ

촣˺۵ĵϣеżɻҽĵһҵŭ˲ӿͷ

һХеһкǧвķŭֲʶɽȣ𶯣ռ飬һ㡣
ŭˣķŭ
ԹȣŶֶ̍δԼ֮ززܲޣ
̍УܷŹòҵὫ֮նɱȴԷżߣֱŪ
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ѾˣòԪûȫָһ㣬ŭХŭ΢ʹԣҲû룬˳״̬һϢ֮󣬱ࡣ
ŭɵȻоһ˫ַԼֱۣеŭƽϢתű˫˵ӣеĻʧصĺҲ滺ϵɱȥָֻ֮ǰƽ
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ޥʣƾ仰֪ԭί㿪üֻҪС磬ֻҪڴ½ֻҪУͿҵȻնɱ֮
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漴ӰһʧټϢ֮ٴγڶеɱǰ
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찡죡Ļֻǲ֪Ϊλ˷ŭˣ

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̍ǿߣҲʬ޴棬ɱ
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˵ʵӦʬǶ˰ɣٿԱͬھߣ
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ܶ˶Ϊ̍ˣȴҲ˲ͬĿ
Ӧע⵽еǸżһò֮ͨüͷȻڵ
ˣôˣһ𣿿Ƕ̍ϵİɣ벻һôһˣȻСӵߣʱѾ赶ŪˣʱѾɱˣڶһˣ˭⣡ȻżֻǴ񾭣ת
Ҳ˷˹֮żܹ죡˵ֲĹпܻ飬һżôأ
ǰȻ̍ʬ޴ˣôеʥӦûڰɣռָҲӦûڰɣòҲˣ˽Ż
ҿӦŻ֮ʽʥͿռָˣ꼸˵Ʋ⣬˲²
ߣ֪ϲĻǸżӦǴ˵еżԵֵһżڿˣص
ż˵ƺ֪ż
ҲŶ̍ûż˱һ֣ӶԶˣ˽ŵ
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514 Ѫ
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ǰ˵ʵ֮ϣѳɣһ֮ĺߵ
ոմսԪӦĿݽˣӦʱΧɱһ֮ĺߵ
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ȵȰɣҪżȻбǱؽһѣʱǺΧɱһ֮ĺߵ
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Ϊɵ죬ĵ뿪ɽȣνĹǿ߶ǲˣûʲôҪ
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ܶǿ߶ˣԭ˵ɽȣƬ̼ߵһ࣬ʣ಻һˡ
Щˣȫǿ߶еıأȻǿڣǱǿ߳⣬Ǻ̵̬ġ
ϾҲǱܼ尾뿪
ĶƽϢʱ˿ʼעͣڶУֻһЩ˻оµָۡ
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ǵĿͣϣĿȴͣʯϵʯϡ
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죬ǽ˰붨״̬ղŷŭ֮£ֽͻȻľתָţͬʱš
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ܣԱǲмһˣʵԸԼߣҲһΨҶӣܹ
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ָˣһսҲ񣬾ûб仯սԵĸҲ˲٣Ƿŷŭ֮ʣɱ¾⾳һԽԽ
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515 
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ӽֳЩ͸ĵطҲ˲ˡ
Ȼȴһ֮ǰֻѰۣĲֲǺ˽⣬ֻҪϸܲܵó
ʱѾ֪ƽˡ
ȱƳۣȻֻۣȫƳˣƳмۡ
Ȼ֪˷ɲڵȴܣƽ˷ʱ䡣
ԣ˶ڵߣλѾɣ
һһ㶣˵ĿⶼӣΪ֪󷨷棬ӲСһȨ
ĻҲһ㶣漴һ˿ЦһĲмѣȻҵˣҵ۱ģɱҪſƽ⣬äĿȥۣŪûƻʹ֮ΪҲƲˣ
˵ţϷʵؿ죬ҳϵѵǿ󷨷棬ʱСһϵڶû˭ɸҳƵһϣ֪Ҫƽ֮
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Ļ˵꣬˽Զ˼ţûǰϢ֮ǰһ󣡡
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ԣɱ糱ܻϯ鵶ǣֻ΢΢䣬ͷųһȻĵ⣬˲佫ӵɱ˺ѣȻŶԷϣ㲻Ҫң˶ӣΣҲ㣡ҵ飬
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ʱɫЩҰף漴࣬ϵԹ֮ɫԽԽŨղŵȷԣޱȣлһҪɱ˴йߡ


516 
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Ȼе˶˷ʧȥǣλǿûУûУЩ龳ҲûУЩصĺɱ֡
ɱȻѣڶȴǴţ޷ƳҲ˵ٻһҪǽȻǰʯ򿪡
󷨣ʱȴûƽ֮Ͼɱ˺ܾò֪ģδ֪󷨣Ȼ󣬿»ء
ԣ˻ʱ쾲ؿʯ³ֵƣʼ
ģҲ֪ôһˣֻܰĬĬصȴš
ʱڷ˻ᣬеİȻ»ع飬ֻиذһˣȻֱʯϣʯϵƣҲ
ʱѾûʱȥǱ˵ľٶרĵţΧһУһεľѾʼˡ
λǿ֮⣬ֻжʮˣЩˣȫԴѰߣ֤ӵ
ʱһعȥˣɽϣȴǷǳ֣֪뷨跨ԣѹ̸
֮зǳֻ΢ĺ
ʱ֮컹֮УΪÿһܾϸÿһԾһ͸
ҲֻҪҵУľٶѧϰо󷨣ԣٶȺ
ȻʱȴǻȻоһ΢̣Դ߸ߵʯǰƳһ죬Ȼóöվʯ֮ǰ
ҲӵľٶˣûϾԽƿԴԽ˭ҲԸ⽫ʱɺ
ôã󷨵߳ɲ֣ҪƳ󷨣Ҫʱ䡣ӼȻҿ󣬾˵Ѿƽ֮
һεĶʱϵȻȡʤ
쿴ӵľٶоԷʶҲʶϿ̻ơ
쿴һֻ΢ɲصͷȻƷôϵû˵
˷ʱ䣬ԼδɵӿٶȺܿ죬ſ˰ʱͿ̻ˡ
Ȼһʱ䶼òҲǲ֮࣬Ĳ֮࣬Ĳࡣ
˸ʱ˸ոտ̻Ȼ죬ֶԷ֮УһȻڵˣλڶؽ󷨣һΪ󣬵ڶΪɱںǷҾͲ֪ˣֻм֪ܵѾҵƽķֻƽҪԣϣóһЩʯ
˻һеƽˣӵĻȻҲ˶⣬ɽһƬȻ
ʲôҪʯҪʯ
ʯǿ˵룡
СУʯǺգֻʯά棬Ҫǹ׳ȥˣǻô

۷׷ףȴûһԸ⹱ʯҪ֪СУԴޱȵģԸԶ׳
ԣӵĻ˵֮󣬱ûӦ
ӵɫʱÿˣ۾صôǹһЩʯͲԸˣҪʲôãҪ붴ȴ飿ǣʯˣڶƳ֮󣬾ͲҪˣһ᲼һ룡
ΪʲôԼеı϶Уܵõ٣
ǣǳʯ룡ңⶴֲҵģΪʲôǽѵһ˿սʤǧΪ찡
ߣʯûУеıҲҪô죿

ӵ˷ӲȻŭɫͨ죬ϵɱʱͷųȺеǼܻ˵ˣ⼸˶龳ǿߣʮˣ˭֪ԴҪԣԣӵв˿ãϾѾ龳ˣսӲ˶١
ȻӵûоЩģҲ֪ԴҪԣǣ⼸˵Ļǲӣǲԭµ飬صģվǰЩһȥ룡ҪƷʯǲͱȥ
һŭ֮£ס˲ˣһЩ½½ǰóһЩʯŵʯϣһٵƷʯеǼƷʯͼǧƷʯƷʯĵûˣǸ߼ڳм˼ҲǸռá
óһЩѪʯʯΪѪʯʯ£ֻɱ¾þز滹˿˿Ѫ̺ʯһҲƷ֮֡
ǣʹѪʯߣᱻʯеѪӰ죬˻ñŰѪһЩǲ֮ˣʹѪʯ䣬㲻Ҳаħ
ѪʯȻСزҪҵҪԵСеһЩطѪʯЩɱ¾þеĹ壬Ѫʯ֧ţŵ
ЩѪʯһ㶼Щ˲ϵʱ߲Уʯֻ߲С
ģҲ˲ٵʯڵ˼ȫˣˣû˸ҪϾɱƳġ
ڶߣҲεؽһЩԴɶеһЩǿռ
ЩԴ㼯һöռָС
һУǣҲ·ûпһ㣬𸳺ˣҲĬӵǣҲ
ˣѾ͸ˣΪ֪ô


517 
ӵû˵Ϊ뵽˲ֹһƽ֮оһӵƽ֮ȻⲻЧģȴ򵥵ķǺķһЩ
ӿǲɲ΢΢𣬰ʶʶ֪ʲôţϣҲߣ㻹ֻһͨʦ
ţѸʯǰĵϲһȻóһ̣ڷھУȻ󣬱㿴ǾöԪƣڿգڳһͼƮʯţʯ֮ϡ
ˡ
öոһӴʯŵʱʯϵƿʼ仯ˣ׹⣬ö
ʱöҲ˺⣬һ˱Σͬʱ׹ͺһ壬ͶӳϣΧӿ˹󷨵ת
ʱֻһӣһʯѪʯͶУѸٻŨŨά̵
ÿʮϢӶͶԴģռָԴȫĵˣȻţʯϵƣҲѾ˴룬ڶƣֻ󷨣󣬱һ
ۿˣֻӽǿŵĿռָһӣȻԼĿռָóһƷʯ·ʯͷһ㣬Ͷ֮ϡ
ˡ
ʯزţƼҪȫʧˣǾö򣬷·Ƕʯһ㣬ĺʢʯͷųİ׹⣬ԽԽ
ΪȻʱȴǷǳ棬ҲΪԭ
һ֮ǰ׹ȫʧˣʯҲùͺͺģſϵԴһպ󣬱еѳ顣
ʱӲһ˾Ṇ̀ſʯš
Ϣ֮תΪ԰ؿһ죬ȻſߣǵڶؽƵһ󷨣ƣֻҪ˿ʯţԽȥ֮С
˵ţ¶˵Ц⣬һָţ
ӵȲ˲๵ζһ㶣ɫٱ䣬ҧΪβȥţ
Ųʱȥʯţ˭֪滹ûлɱһСģпܺʬ
ԣֻҪǶ󷨵ˣû˭ԸǰӾΪ֮ǰ黳ģ̽·ͷ֮ޡ
۾΢УһɿֲɱӣƺҪ͵նɱ
ʱһɸΪֲ˲ѹӵϣ۳ɱȫɢɫ䣬˿һǺ⣿Ϊζ£
ҵѣһؽƾƵģòҪȻұȡ쿴ӣص
ɫǳѿһα˵вŭ쳣޲ý˺飬ǣһǿֲսһëȻĸоָ侲֮ؿ죬£Ҽˣ
·ûһ㣬ؿһӣȻתǰʯߵʱͣ½Ų˲תޱȵһƸջϽɫʵСӡصػʯϡ
¡¡
ʯӦѣɰ˵ϣһİǰ˿˿Ϯ˽סһս
صôһأĹ࣡
ôз磬̫Źˣ
Ҳ̫ˣѵǿߵĶֱ޵Ķ
֪ͨδʲôأ

üͷ΢һֲõԤУȴֺͷǿ߶ܹŹ֣еһЩĹҪŨ
Ҫ֪С籾һɱ¾֮أبʵ鲻֪ж٣ȴûж
֮Уȴ·һϵĴĻһ㣬ңʶ̽ʱȴ·ĳֹˡ
طһ㣬Ǹأ
ֹ죬ϢҲʮų⣬Ȼĺ⾳Ѿ򵽴Բ֮ˣǣȴǶɷ֮ǳС
ǹŹֵĵطѵⶴһ޲ɣ鿴鲻ôÿɻ
пܣֵطбҲһʺǣҲɫأ
ôһĹɫȻʶ̽˺üΣҲǱ˳
ȷʵһĹͷȻСһ㣡
ͷ첻޵ķʸ˵⻰һʲôԭ
ʱҲ϶ʶͣ̽ҲоܹŹ֡
ңˣɷ֮һ˽ģԣɫҲˡ
˵ڶзţҲڲ²浽ʲô
м˿ֱӺ俪ʯţ׼ȽУȴǱɷ֮ˡ
ʱ˶ڵȴţ˭Ƚȥ
˶վʯſڣֹǰҲɵ
ǰһΧˣÿһЩǳ
һ㶣֪ʲô˼ԶΪҪ̽·
˵ĳУԼྲ
ʵǿ⣬һֹ֮ˣɽеҲտˡ
ֹŻݵߣ
˲䣬һʮ֮дһƬƴСҶƮ֮Уɷ֮أûӰ
ûֹͣ࣬̺ԪʶһƬһƬҶûƮ֮С
ľٶ˽ԶȲѣ̾ѣӣҲˡ
ǿɷŲ谡ϸظĴ࣬а
Ƭֹ֮ͣ˴࣬üͷ΢壬ȻˣǺֱߵĻҲͼԶľѣвٰǳһ·ͷƺж
ԣɲǲ֪˵ĶʲôİǸ鷳޷ʹʶ·
Ŷ·̣⵹Ǽ򵥶ˣȻ޷ʹʶô̵·̣Ҳûж鷳ЩǵжϣӦò·üͷ΢
ȥɣ˵ʲôأ𸳵
˵ͷʱӰӿ󲽽֮Уõļһ㶣ҲᲽߡ
ʵ˵ûԸͷ֪϶򵥣ǰ棬ζпֲܳܿϮΣա
һЩ߾Ͳһˣ뱦÷ˣǿļ˶ԸȽǱûˣҲ룬ͷͽ


518 еɱ¾
ǰӿȥļˣҡҡͷĬʵûҲϾɲˣ˾ʲôҲûˡ
ǣЩʱյ̵ᵽҪԣãҲҪȥá
Ȼ֪ľͷʲôǣпԿĶ²ã
ӿм˿·ҲƬ̣һҪ֮ǰõȻʵǾֵģУɾͲٳҪˣǸĵĹأһ߶ס
ǣһ£ǲпģģֻʵ˲ſԽأңСܶطҪпᣬĹؾɱ¾ߵ֮ң첢ǸˣͨǴƹء
ӼҴҵس𽣿һ۾鵶ֿ˿죬ɫƽҲûж룬˽Ų鵶Ǹ𸳵ĺ档
쿴һ󼱴ӿˣԱҲȥɣ
ͷǽ֮
ʮǿҲûͣ룬Щصĺˣ໥һۣƺʲôЭ飬ΪΣȺУӿ
һ쵽쳣ʯΪֽ磬Ŀл캬˼ΪŨɷ֮ʵˣױɷ֮壬Ԫ;ƣͣʧ񣬻ʧأʵ̫͵ˣпܱɷ֮ʴʬʬ⡣
ȻһЩԹߣɷ֮ҪãͲڤһʱ䣬پϣСҪ߲١
СһЩЩɷ֮ǹ죬ƺĥ˵Ԫ𿪣ֹ壡ɫҲˣҲ͸оɷ֮Ĺ죬ӦĴʩ
ʵЩȻ޷˵ңǺԵʣ֮Щֿ죬ǳǿ󣬲𣬸ЩҲûɵⶫ塣
ֻȻɷ֮ⶫһЩС鷳ҿȻԪ޷֧
гɷ֮˵Ĵ֮⣬о޷ʩչʶ̽·ҿսȥ·ûвȻǿ϶·
˵нٶȺҲܽǰǼˣȻȽģǣҲҴ⣬ÿһС
Ƭ֮˲һͷÿִһҹ飬ֻʮɵķΧƺ洫Ϣһûʲôرԣ˲֪н
ô£ôͣˣǰĶͻȻͣˣ˿ʼ߶
һ˳м˸ų
⼸˸ûйܺ˵ĳ֣˼Ƭ̣Ӻˣ⼸Ҳһͷˮ֪һ·
֮£Ƿֳ·СĵؽҲǽ룬ֳɳӡ
ͱԼߵĲǽмĲ𽣺;鵶ǽұߵĲ
Ӧ
⻹ʣȻǾ
˵ʵ̫ǿıô
ҲԣҿߵҲ
飡ȻȲ죬ҲܶԸ˵ģҿұ߱ȽϺã
㶼£ѵ㲻𽣺;鵶ǿɲӲ
Ҳǣֻץˣ
ԣץΣǣ

˷ץѡģģ˶֮С
ʱֻ֮еĺ˿ʼˣǷ·һ磬һӰֻڹһһӰˣüı̴
ڵʬ壬ɢһѪʧˡ
Խʬ壬ǲûôʧ
ֻʮˣǴڶĺ棬Ķ飬ûҹԣЩɱֽʮ֮ЩҲûв
ʱиڵĻһ֣ᷢЩ˵ľ粢Ǳϵ֮֮ϡ
ǵĶΪݣޱȣϢسĿǰȻӳǵĹУĿüģǴӺԴ룬һ
ɱ֣
ɱ֣
ڴˣԷ֣ΪЩ˵İɱֶΣҪɱ֯ɱǿ
ʮϢѾһٶ˵ˣȻЩ˵ĿռָЩ˵С
꣡
Ǳдֻ̫Сˣеܴ󣬺ķڹ˴ɱ
ǰűʱ򣬻עΧǲΣմڣˣͷıΣգñȥɣ
ԣǵУǻΪѪǳΪһ߾߱ʬ壬˵ߡ
һɶЩʬڽҲԷ֡
ʮ˷ֳ˼֣زɱŽеѰߡ
ǧˣһʱʣһ룬Щ˵
ߵ֮꣬ʣһѪάСת
Ӱۼڣһóһҹ飬ʮɵķΧˣֻһ߾ʬ壬ÿһ߶һüı̴еϣеദһ󶴡
ʬ壬ԭ˿־ʱʬɷ֮£һëȻĸо
ѾԶˣǸϿȥһ˿ǰɫ䣬
£¾ͺãǰҲˣԱһ˵
ǰߵ²ɣҹĺɫأֵطӦǵ²ŶԣжǿںҹڰӰУǿĵطǵ磬óǵֶΣǰɣ
ǣԵļӰһһۣӰһֱ֮С
ҹ˿ǼʧӰ磬Ӧֻޣ
˵꣬һߵ

ʲôСнУһξ֮˱һ£ǸĶ֮ʱȴֲʶɻص
ɵС綼мˣѪʯʶһһԴеѪʯʧģƷѪʯƷѪʯ
Ǻǰʮڵ˼ˣȻ˴󺰵ʲôѪʯһƷģɣҿ


519 еĹű
ǺܶҲӦұнѰΧȻһЩܺãַѪʯһƷѪʯ
зƷѪʯϢ˲䴫ˣ˷ˣǰ˵ٶȸˣȴʱʱҹ˺ܿҵƺǱѪʯЩûҹˣֻ˫š
Ȼǵٶõˣҵ˼ƷѪʯ
һ£˱²⣬ܿһѪʯҲ˵ǸǿѪʯĵط
˵硣˵ºܸߣϾѪʯǵջ̫ˣС
֮еߣ½½˷ƷѪʯӺҲϲˡ
ʲôʯѪʯΪԴûų⡣
ʱ
ı仯һЩ˷ܲѣǾЩˣŻңȺƬ֮һȺߵˡ
ߵУȻӣֹѪζ
ԣһ㶣漴Ȼɻ󣬵ǿɲҴ⡣
ûе޷֪ʱˮƽƭǡ
֪ô£Ѫζǰɻ
Ѳǰ洫ģĪľͷʲôɣ˿ˣǵг˵ǡ
ͣ˽ŲĿ⿴죬֪ν͡
쵹ûˣĿƶţǰ棬ֿ棬ȻҡҡͷֵĸоѪζƺǴӺ洫ģ
棿ôܣһԶмӰ۾ǿɫ˼أ⼸˵ı仯Χ˶ûз֣Ҳûз֡
ѲǺ˷ִ˱ɱˣ˳
ҡҡͷᣡһˣôôŨѪζҪ֪ģǵѪζֱܴɱеϢ
һëԶ˲١
עһ£пɱҲпҸоˣ֮С޴쵭ؿһΧˣȻǰɣҪ˶ֹͣǰ
Щͷ֮ˣĻûжԣ˲
һ£ǰߵÿһ˶Ӧս̬ǰš
̽Ľֻм·̣ǣѾнһʱˣȥͷʱǲŷ˲ԣǣǲûжķӦϾǸ֮أһЩĵطҲ
ģǰߵҲע⵽ɢѪʯϲѣƷѪʯСΪʵõĶ֮һβϲ
һЩȴɻˣ˼ѪʯԴԵɡ
ҲɻѣΪλгƷѪʯҪ֪ܵ˷ֵһƷѪʯڣ½½ѾѼ˲һƷѪʯۺϳƷʯĻԼһ֮ࡣ
ɲСĿ
ԽԽù죬оЩѪʯɢԴ
ôɻҲῴѪʯͲȥˣ͵ԴҪɵ
Σǻ˴˵أʵûЩѪʯһͷȥ
мȻǰһͣ˽Ųǰһ䵶ȥĳеǰѵؽƷ䵶ܹϵĸо
һ£ȺˣҵĿ⼸۽ǰ䵶ϣкҪ
˵Ҳûж룬䵶ȥҷ׷õϲιۣҲΪУôˣˡ
ѵؽƷ䵶ܿ㴫Уϸع۲һһ˿ɻ󣬵ֵĸо䵶ĹȴǲӦǰǰĹգڶ˼ֶ̳֮ˣȻǵؽƷȴҲڵĵؽƷıˣ
˵꣬ٴο˼£仹ȷֵߣѵܲҲܺã
˽ӹ䵶¶ϲɫ漴ֿһ죬䵶ݳϲĻȥɣҲǼģ
һ˿ɫ˵Ǹ߿һۣ漴ڰ֣ŰɣòҪԼƳΪױ
˻һ˶סˣ⻰ݳһϢˮƽܸߣƳױУ
ױУǿʦˮƽ
Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ
Щ˵пԿȻţҪ֪һʦʲôĴڣǿǽʦ
ңЩˣɲǻǧϵϼһˣһ֮ߣôˮƽأ
ʾսҲԸһʦ
Ҫ֪жǿߣжʦңЩʦһǴ۾֮ϵǿߣƺʥˣ
ԣЩ˶ΪڴţҲ⣬ȻҲһ㣬ǾһʦˮƽҲʦˮƽǼ˴ʦˮƽ
ȴˣΪȽ˽죬֪첢ǿڳ֮ˣ֮˵⻰Ȼݡ
һʦ
۶ô˼飬ֻҪϣģ
ʵ˵뷨ˣȻʦҲʦҲ㣬ȴǿƳױС
һֻȫȫƳӦΧĵҩſǸþʦʦ
ֻʵкܶһЩӦΧĵҩˮƽʦʦ߹ԸþӦĳƺš
磬ʱƳؽ׵ҩôһʦ
ʵȻ컹㲻ʦΪֻƳؽƷĵҩһһɷ棬ֻеƳеؽ׵ĵҩʱʦ
ı׼Ѿ½ߵˣǿֻҪƳؽ׵ҩʦ
ʵʦӦӵпһеؽ׵ҩ
죬ܶ࣡
ֻܱ֤ƳؽƷƵؽƷҪˮƽȶǵؽƷƺܾԶǵؽ׼Ʒû
ԣϸ˵ֻһ߼ʦ
һʦ
棬貢ûôߡ
ƽ׵ıȫƳǵؽ׵ıˣ˵ϣ˵ַΪЩص㣬Ͼˡ
ȱѵؽУһ㶼п󷨣Ʒʡ
֮ǰǲĲꪣ͹˺ɵģȷ˵ǹġ


520 ŽѪ
˵ǿߵˮƽѾʥˣң칤Ƴ߽ױеĻ
ԣƷĲꪣȷ˵ǹƷϵ
Ⲣ˵Ʋ׵ıУȻţô
ˡܾ칤ֻҪкʵĲϣƳױУֻƷ׾Ͳұ֤ˣǣȥ
ˮƽȶԣʦԵʦҲ㲻ϣ
һʱ䣬оǲûȫѧ֮㾭˼ţںϣͷ
Ҳû˵֪ԼĻûţҪǴҶţǲŽأ
ʵ˵һģ
ѰͷвٱлвϧϣЩȱٱУ֪ˮƽ˵æͿƾЩϣˮƽ衣
ջ䵶һϲҲȥˮƽǵ˼ȫһϡ
ȻһѵؽƷ䵶ǻ᲻ǰУؽƷǼƷıУֻǸƷ׵ıС
һ룬˶ЩСǰһ֮£ȫȻˣмѸٳǰȥ˼״Ҳ׷ӿԭǰ켸ˣǱӿ˵˺棬ʮλˡ
Ҳû⣬ڱʲôģںûʲôбǹʺ
ңĸоܲãЩȥ̽̽·Ϊǰڡ
Ȼǰ˻ջģ˶һЩѪʯ֮⣬һЩؽƷıС
ҵˣҵˣؽ׼ƷˣͻȻǰͷһΪϲҲİ֮ǰλõ䵶ߣ֮սԱͨǿһЩȴˣֻһõ
ңոյõĳȻǵؽ׼Ʒģ֮ǰֹգѱ׼ˡ
ĽؿеıЩ¶̰Ĺâ·ǶǿȺһ㡣
ǵõ˿ûע⵽Щ˵Ŀ⣬ǳ˷֮УŻعȻ죬ѣҿѽĹǷ䵶һ
Ҳûоܾӹϸز鿴ЩĿ¶̰ߣУе̰⽣ãһ˫֣Ǿ£Ҫ֪ǰһָɽȻһƻǻǵϣ
ǵý֮һϲϿ̾ȣϣɫ
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ʱ֪ɢжôˣбȲЩˣҩҲûǶ࣬Դѷߵǳס
Ϊʲôηƽһ㣬ϢͬͨҪǿⶼǶġ
ηƽƺԼ嵽Ⱥǰ۾ǰ·ȥҪҳһЩñ
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˷ܵˣֻ֪ѰȫеΣգЩδ֪ΣգΧߵ졣
ȻηƽרɳѰʱһӰѸǰӥһýݵˣֱηƽеĳȥ
Ҳ֮Ϣηƽ£쿴Ȳηƽ
Żɫװ˫ֳצֱץηƽֽ֣һУΪӥצ
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ٴһӥڶ䣬Ųұڣ任λãͬʱгһѳһѵؽ׼ƷֻǣηƽеĳƷʻһ
б֣ƺ࣬ȻԪ˿ûӰһֱηƽüģһֱ࣬һȴǳηƽĵȥ
һνǹޱȣÿһԪɱУҲǽ֣Ľڡ족֮ϡ
Ȼηƽȴ쳣ֻζʱˣеĳͬʱţ˲Ԫ£ŶԷԪȥ
һߣ龳ľ磬˻Ǵ̴ˣԻǵˣŵļʸֻпܳΪˣȻ蹬ƣ걻ֻ·һ
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ɴ˿ɼ˵սжôḻҲһɢ֮ԭ֮һ
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ǻ˵˲˿ηƽɣηƽƺЩԥΪоηƽʵʵûаսʤ
ʱսѾ죬ɲˡ
Ҫ㿴ʵηƽɫǳһֻǰѳ缲һ㣬ǻˡ
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Ƭ֮ηƽռϷ磬гƺսÿһǿֲɱ⣬ǻӦӵʮǱ

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ʱηƽһ֣ͽȴ쳣Χ۵Ҳ˹֮
ֻǻֱϵ˿ڣ·ǿբĵ̰ӣѪˮһ㣬кηƽеĳȥУ˴󾪣˺һɣжѪȻǳƺڷ仯бѪɫϢ֮󣬲ֹͣ


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Ҳ̧ȥֻǻɫף·ʧһ㡣
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Īǰа
˾ɲ֮ʱֻηƽеĳҫ۵ĺ⣬·Ѫвһ貵һ㡣
˵ɫ䣬Ŀ⼸ۼѪ֮ϣ죬Ҳǰı仯ˣӽиܵһʮֹϢ
ȫע֮ʣȺкȻ˲ҽ˵Ŀ˻
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ԣû֪
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˾ͬʱҲŭˣϾˣÿһǶпͣһЩͬʦֵܣһЩȴǶѣе½ѡ
˵ǲпģɱ¾þѪȵģǣȻһֶ΢ƴ֮УǸ顣
飬飬飬ĵطܻ֡
Ҳ⼸ߵһ֮еΪ±ɱеΪѱɱеΪʦֵܱɱ
ԣǷŭҲһʱҲǸֲ֮ʱ̣ǽеľ޷йˣصУ߱ɫ
ֻʧȥˣŻʹ࣡һЩʲôûʧȥǲЩ˺ܣΪǳܵĪĿ־壬δ֪Σա
һ̣ЩʬüĴĽۡ۵ȻԼϡ
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ййɭɭһй
ֲôɷ֮ԭǹ߰ˣ
СģǾһЩй֣
ʮ־ҵҪЩֵӣ

˵硣û֪Щ˾ôģΪǵ֪ҵһȺʧɡ
ߣʲôģ㻹ߣЩţҲᶯģֻԵһһ˵޷عڤ磬Ư״̬ѣ˵ˣǾ壬ʲôµģλô˵Ҳ龳ڵˣĹޣҲһвǣǿ־ʲô
һӵȺʱˣЩߣʱȴŭѡ
Ϊߣ֮ǰı֣ʵǶˣ
ͬʱҲߺ޲ѣԼ֪ͺãα˵Ǵǵô
겢ûйôģԭ򶨵ɫʱҲ·ǺڰйãֻߣȹҪֲˣ
ţ˻ν⣿ʱɻˣʵ
Ҳǰоȣ˼ƺ֪Щʲôܿ죬˴𰸣ֻһ죬Ȼ˵λɷǵòǰĵ˵еѪ֮һ£
һ˵۾һӦ˵ǣֻǴλϲ֮ǰѪ
˵ţָһָЩڵϵʬⲻǹɱ¾Ҳµòûжٻŵˣ
һ˽ԾȺмɫӰƤ˼£ͷڵͷһ˲䣬еɱһš
Ǵɫޱأ˵Ѿ֪ʲôҲҶһЩ飬Ҫ˵ǣעߵÿһˣΪпܱʹߣ
һ˴˵ǣ
Щ뵽ʲô־飬ɫòֻʧ롣
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Ҳ˲֪˵Ļʱɻѣ׷߶š
ҲǱ˵һͷˮֻ֪пֲĵˡ
ʱһ꿪ˣɫҲ쳣˵츽Ϊֻȫģң϶ЩˣΪʵûҪЩһ
վԣӰԲǴ꣬˵ޣ
ޡһ˶ʱɫ䣬һ羪֮һ㣬ԭ;ޱȵǣʱȴǱұڣܾؿΧһİˣͬʱǶҹղĵطҲͦľԡ
죬˵ޡֵʱɫ΢䣬֣ϤΪֵԴͷΪһɱ֯֡
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һںڰеɱ¾ΪԭҲпܱЩֲļһɱ
ȻԷսЩɱ֣أɱѷУʶû˶á
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ޣӦɱ֯ûй
ǣϢķ֮ٴνЩЩǲ֪бһģְɱʵҲҴ⣬ɼ޵Ŀֲ
ĻԸޣɱ֯򵥺ܶࡣ
ǣʵȴǲпޱȣȷʵһֲɱ¾Ⱥ壬Щ޿ײ룬ԲʵʮǿѾݵǻˡ
³ֵޣȴǺܸȤ֪ʹȻ
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˻һ˶𾪲ѣһЩЩ˵֮ˣǿ֮󣬱˲ӡ
һЩûԵɫ仯ΪǿӦǸյС粻ã֪Ҳ
꿴Լһ˿ϲɫСΪֲİɱȺ壬ǶסĿ꣬ûһڣαװͰɱ䰵ɱֶΣս֮⣬Ѿڶˣ
Ŷ˵һȺֲɱ֣˵Ļѿڶ
˵ͷȴҲҡҡͷǵɱ֣ʱɱֲһ
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522 Ѫı仯
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仰죬޼Ȼαװôп˾磬ôȺеΪ֮ˣҲпޡ
ÿһˣȻʶ΢һٶˣǿԿƵġ
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쿴ǿ֯Ⱥ壬Ӧһص㣬ǱÿһԱͬҪǿϾǶѵġ
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ȴмѪɫģŹ·һ㣬ƺڽҷš
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ܵ˵Ŀ⣬ηƽʱعϵľɫȥؿˣλǵС˼ѽҵģ
ηƽĻһڣܶླϵ͵߱տˣһЩʵǿȴǺ壬ηƽηƽ⽣˵㿴ģǣзݣ㲻̣ܶ
ǰ⽣﷢ֵģȻѾ䵶⽣ó˸͵
ηƽ⽣ռеģҲҪԼ鷳
зݣ콻

˵ĳηƽɫһ䣬ϵɱ˲ͷţֻһϢջأ춼оȣû뵽ηƽϻɱ⣬룬ηƽзݣߣҿˣǲǱҵˣǲǵĿռָͱжҵģʲôʸѽܷģԵĻϣĳţ
˸оηƽƣһ㲻˵ǼҲ˲ֹͣ˽ǿǺڽȴǳޱȡ
ʱηƽ𽣣ϸؿ˿ûз쳣Ȼ㿴죬΢Цŵĵѣ鷳ҿ⽣Ʒʺ͹գǲ׼Ʒ
ɫ䣬΢΢ͷ˿ľٶԭȡɵҲʱȥ
ηƽŽߵǰһַһַУڽ˫ֵ졣
עȫ⽣ӹȴǾͻֻηƽ˲ֽ֣ڽһӰӶû£㼫ΪѸ͵شüġ
һз̫죬˻δӦֻһӰ˲䶯
оΣգȻˣԹȣΣͷʩչ˿ռ⾳ͻأʧˡ

ηƽһɱ⣬ԪҲǼΪ棬ֱӴ̴˿ԪվλôұϣһĽۡ
ȻһУηƽ˿ˣɫ䡣
ʱ˲ŷӦһŵηƽ
Щ룬ηƽǲǷˣȻ͵Ϯ졣
Ȼȴ˼ţηƽΪλ


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ٶ̫ˣЩǿ߶ûзӦͱȴ練ӦģηƽľٶǼŭ˱һɷ·ԱʮɷΧУ˷·һѩأֲĺ·ǵĵԪתΪѡ
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ȫסˣһз̫죬Ƕûô£㿴ǰų
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˻һˣЩԭͻηƽݵˣʱɫȴǾ߽мۣţηƽһϣǻʲôĽ
ţǲǿ϶룬ôʱǻһ߱ʬ塣
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ģ޹Ȼǹֲαװֱ޷찡粻ʵǿҲһ
ֲ̫ˣû뵽ηƽ֣ղƺ⽻أ֪Σ
޿ײ룬Сİ

ηƽ־ޱȣС磬Ѿкüˣʱ򣬾ͱ޿УȻеһԱң츳ߣܿһδεѵ˸ְɱֶΣΪ˶ɱ֮һ
ʱÿζ˳նɱĿ꣬¶ԷǱ߾ġ
տʼп־壬ºѪˣǸ֮⣬˵ûо¹κˡ
Ȼ죬ȻˣĿ־壬Ŀ־塣
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ҲģеȴǲĿηƽֻҪԷ춯ɱ֡
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ЩһĻɫޱȣһ뵽ǴеĿ꣬Щάȡ
쿴ŻվηƽҸһᣬһ֮²һ
һȺˣ˾Ļдˣ෴һɽеĺͷƤ顣
ηƽһ˿ϲɫʱֱһɾȻ֮ɫЩ
۾˲Ѫеĺڽ΢΢𣬷·Ǹܵηƽķɱ⣬ڽʱҲͷų˿ֲϢ
ʱֻһһӰʧԭأһ˿ϢԲ
ǱΪҲ֪ηƽȥ
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һǾò˼飬˱֮ǰηƽֱ۵ꡣ
ȻЩˣʱȴɱ죬ǵĳ֣࣬ѸͣϢÿһȴֱָš
һУ̫ˣֻǵ˼άǿԸϣǵжȴǷӦ
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˿类Уɱ˳е֮ĺꡣ
˵սǷǳǿ֣˺ĸ֣ӦҲס
ΪԪĻ񣬶Ϊ˵ʵս̫ḻˣ޷֮ȣǹ似ãԪ㹻Ʋ˵Ķ֡
ֻһԹۿҲ֣Ǻ޲⣬Ҳ֪ǸȻǲ
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ж˷ֵٵѹǲ٣Ϊٵ˵ĺɱ龳ڵߣʮ֮۷ߣһʮ֮ڣһ֮ĺڡ
ˣ޲Ǿḻսǿ֮տʼ͵Ϯ춼оΣգԻԣֲܿ͵Ϯ
תӦ˵ʱѹټǼˣɫء
ͷβļһȥڰɣ챬һղ񹦻˫ַ·У⾳˲ںϣֲֻʵĴֱץ龳ɱ֣˲佫串ѹȻ㿴һֻһλã˽սһ𣬶֮ǰѹˣʱȴѪģʬ塣
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˿ǰĳͷֻӿ֣һбɱ龳ǿߣ⻹龳
ʵղŵĸоҲȡɣȻսḻСĿռУ޷˶ңҲ֪һֱ˿ֲɱУЩס
Ȼ֪Լε֣һĽ棬սֻнʵģһж
龳ߣǿģֻǾ߶ѣĸ֣Ǹʮ֮ڵɱֺһ龳۷ɱ֡


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΢䣬ռ⾳˲ʩչ˻˲䣬ѾǰֱָӴ˶˵üġ
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ʱеɱһţ漴ߵǰֵл
ĵѲˣǹͬĵˣɱǣҲΪԼ谭ѣ΢΢һЦǿص
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⻰һ˱㲻ԣǰЩߣӰнԶæȥͷ亹
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ҿ뿪ɣԽԽֲˣֲõԤУ
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ǣҲ֮ͣ󣬱æһЩ˻Ϊ־壬ѡ뿪
ȻЩ˵ѡǼ˷·һСӣнУһ·м˵Ǽ˲ٵѪʯƷģһм鼫ƷѪʯЩɳеԴվߵĿ̽С
ԼҲǼһЩԴлмѱУȽȻߣΪŵʹԴǿԵġ
ջֻȺٵģҲˣȻǵΪȱǿߣѰֶΣɱҪǿ١һ·õǧƷѪʯ
ʮ֮ԶˣõĻԵõ˼ĲиˣԴǵСµȱݱ¶֮ǵҲͱˣֻܵͷıǵ⡣

˸շɱʱҲŲҵɱ¾ǴĶɱּڵԵʣɱۺˮƽϲһЩ
ޣҲɱǧߣӣ𸳵ˣҲ͵Ϯˡ
ǵսЩɱǿһЩһҵƴɱ֮󣬲ŵԱ
ǣԷϾ˶࣬ǵֻһֵĶ֣˴˺ۣæӽֻǱӰ
ȻлĲ֪ˣһЩ龳۷ҲǱشӶݡ
һ˽Ĳǧˣɹɱඥɱ֣еߺܿܶ
ÿһǱԷֳ˼νɱΪɱֶᱻڶǿңɱʵǿߣսɱ֣ǴڶУѰһɱߡ
һɱÿһֻǲ˼飬ϻģÿһǿġ


525 
ڵУ࣬ͷķɱ޵ľӢһЩ֣ǺĶеɱֶˡ
ɱ󣬻ˣѸٸЩʵǿ߻㼯һ
ԣһٶ˵Ķ飬ٴαˡ
ؼʱ̵ķǺпȫû
ǵĺ飬ֻһˡ
Щȥˣô뵽ǵ˵û壬νı涼ûм㲻׵ˣֻضûС
ʱУܹ߲ǧˣҴԱΪ翵ıͷջǺܿѾ뿪ˡ
Ĳпᣬһֵ̲쾡£˵Ψһޡ
еɷ֮ԽԽŨˣʱ̽ߣ֮ϵΪҲоܡ
Щ˵ߣ˿ڱɷ֣֮ʹǵƼ࣬м˾βʱֱӻΪһ߱ʬ壬ʧˡ
ʱȥǽºֵܿܳԴУоԼΣԽԽòԺ״̬ߣһͷըëԱһ㣬ʱԽս֮С
Ҳоı仯˾ֲű˿籣Щɷ֮ҿԪɷ֮
ʱ֮ǰٴγɷ֮ΪŨЩ״紵£Ĵɢ
ڱȽϿɶߣɿʱѾߣҶ֪ôߣΪÿɢϢһģһѱ졣
Ҳ֪ߣǰ˳˼
Щ˽ϣϣǸǿȻսǿ󣬵̽·ֻƾûʲôֶΡ
ԣƾŸԵĸоֱ֮УʮϢ֮󣬱ûϢֻһ˻š
ôߣ죬ҲʱΪܵģΧĽҲΪǶڴָʾ
εҡҡͷҲ֪ôߣֻƾŸоˣ
˳Ĭ֪̽Ѱһֱδ֪ģֻȥԣҵȷ·
첻֪Ƕƾ̽ա
Ҳһ֮ԼԵЩǿ
ԣεѡҲûԹԡ
鿴Ҳǻ鵽һ𣬲һɣ
˼û˵ǵı飬ƺĬĽ顣
ðɣ룡ͷм⣡
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ɷ֮ԽԽŨˣ˻ţ·ǼҰӤޣŲ
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⻰һҶĬˣ˶Ԥе˿µ顣
֪ʲôʱʧģ֮ߵ
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˵ɫ仯ͣ٣ŵɷ֮ۼ̫ãᵮ飬һ״̬ڵ飬ɷ֮ͺڰѪпǵʳпܶᣬпܽ飡
֮ҲʮΣյĴڣǱСģȻ飬һЩ곣Ҳ׳꣡
Уɷ֮еֲǽʬǾʱĶģŴҶİǵսΣӦñȽԣпǽһսˣֻϣǵĵ˲ֲ
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ʱĿ⿴˶һˣ˵ܹ죬аĿ⣬ƺܴһ㣬ڲţһֱվڶĽˣƺɷ֮һ㣬ϸûԪ
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һз̫죬飬˸ûвֱǰ֮ʱҲŷӦ𾪵ؿ죬֪Ҫʲô


526 ŭ
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Ϣջ˷ֻ֮Ǿ߰׹أһöռָָϡ
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ĽˣҲǸɷ֮ƿҽײ٣

۷׷ףԶĽȴЩģ죬ʲôɣ
ҡҡͷû⣬ⶫת֮壬ɷ֮ҵͰ
ʵ⻰Ƕ˵ģʱǳҲ֪ôˣΪƽϢ˵ĲɣͬʱҲǴĵģŻô˵
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쿴΢΢ףǰɣ
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ҵ壬ԭ֮ͨ壬ĵر˺֮壬Ե̶ת˺֮壡
ʱȫסˣ֮ǰ˵ĳҲΪΪһʡ
Ǵʱȴ֪һУȻԼȡģ͡
֮壬֮һ֮ȴǧ֮
˵֮ԶԶȲ֮壬ǣͺ֮ߣԺ־֮߿Աġ
Լһ֮ͨˣһţ޷ˡ
˵֮ĽĻ֮Ե𾴡
һ飬һȴİ֮·֮壬ߣʹÿһ߶ѧϰĵ䷶ں־أԺˣӦõõ𾴡
û˵ĳܵɷ֮տʼСΧֱվһڣȫſ˵ɷ֮ģ·ɷ֣֮һϼ


527 Ůʬ
ûдҲû뿪صȴţͬʱעŰеĵˡ
һӺ뽥ʧΧռеɷ֮Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ʱſˣõˣ
ûУ
ѿˣ
̫ˣ

˶ܿƺϺãҲ֪˵˼ҸоͷԶˣߺܿ͵
ɫһͣ漴ɫ˼ǣǰ棬ΣҲǰ档
ϢĳĬջǱˣ˵ȻԶˣ߰ɣҪˣ
ǰǰɣҵҪͷʲô
ȻˣʲôΣգ߰ɣ

ͷת˲ӣһɵľ룬ɷ֮ԶԶϵشǰӿա
Ƭ֮ǰ÷ǳҲǳɭ䣬ɷ֮һмΪŨѪ֮Ѫ֮·Ǵ޾£뵽ΧʯС
˶һģֱ仯ɫӵء
Ѫֵ֮ĵطһʲôõطǱ
ȵǰŨɢȥ쿴ıɢУûһģһΪأһЩƬ
ʱֻ޵̾Ϣ
ǿԿЩеĲϣ͵ĶǵؼƷģв켶ϡ
ϧЩֻһ
ʱÿһ˶Ǿ֣ǰһУ·Ǻܾ֮ǰһսʹıлΪƬܽؽƷлΪƬ϶龳һ龳ҲҲ˵
οлв켶ϣЩǶױеƬһҪ飬Ǿ͸ˣֻһǴսһоߣϾϢԶ˵ǸʢеʱġڶһŸ߽ױУʥ
쿴ڶĿԸһ㡣
˻ǰУģǷױеƬһЩϣǶ켶ϡ
ңһЩݹڷһб鲼ζȴδЩݹɢʵǹ֮
Ҫ֪С磬طƣ֮Ѫ͹ǺữΪСתǰĳԳ˵ϡ
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СһЩܹ죬ӭս׼ɫΪأɫƽҲỹһ㣬ǣǰĳʱɫΪأҲ֪ǼŴֲ
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˵ĽŲڱƬϣЩݹϣУʹŵĸˡ
ÿһ˶ԼϢʹ뵽۷״̬ԱһʱӦͻ״ǰĺԽԽ࣬ȴûһģеعǱ飬еüƶеǱж顣
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̾Ϣ˰ϲĲƱֻǻһΡ
˶ϸڷţԼҵһöռָûʯѪʯһЩȿԾþµƷϣġ
Ƭ֮ʧˣȷʵǷ棬ҸĶѣһ޸ĶûУ֮£Էˡ
ֹͣɷ֮оһֱȥãǿĵ͵Ϯ鷳ˡ
ʱǰɴһ߽ĺһڼףڼ׺ܲһ㡣
ϲŲһ˲䵽Ǿߺ֮ǰͷüĴһСعǶˣڼȴã˿ڼһǼ
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ȻһʮĶ⣬ֻҪóȥϴһϴһ
찡ҵһڼףģ
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˿еڼףĽޱȣÿ۾ƺΪ˶ǣڷѰ
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ҡҡͷҲϲʬ϶ǶиõĻף
Ҳûж룬ڵĴţȻȱڼףһŮ˵һʬڼףȷЩáοȻڼף˵ȴϲԣҪ
ڼףȻСһ㣬Ѫ֮ŨΣԽԽˣ
΢΢ףеı˿籽߬ţˮһ㡣
һ·ջҲܵڼ׵Ĵ̼Ѱʱרˣҵ˲õĶҵһֿҵһЩϷҵһЩ߼ġ
֮ǰĳԽԽֲˣصʬǣ޾Ѫͬʱǳԣֱǽ˶츣һ㡣
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ĽŲˣҲĽŲٶȡ
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޴ѪʯΧоſںɫʯףʯɷ֮ʹɽޱȵ䡣
һۿʱƤס˼£ɫޱء
ĿɨϵľſʯףȻͣˮеľɫŮʬϡ


528 ɷ
˵ʵڵģŮӵòŮΪƯģ۾޷˫ӡ
ǣȴǱԷòǶԷﴦŵһɫӡ
һָڰСԲ飬ͨεźɫĹâɢżΪϢͬʱеɷ֮ƺѭɡ
ɷ飡
Ǻıɣ֮ɷ֮Ӧɷ顣
ЩԹߣɷʵһǣԪһǴġ
ߵĵһ㣬֮ԴԴṩԪ
õΪ˵仯һҲǷǳ޴ġ
ǣϳɷ飬ȴһҲ˷ܲ
˱ǰľ޴Ѫʯ֮ʱȴǿʮڹײĵİڷλãԽԽľԽԽء
ɷ
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ʯеĴڣضߴ֮ߣʵʯΧмˮеʬ壬ܿǸΪֲĴڣǸаߡ
ſڹײɷ֮ӣЩɷ֮ԴʯеĴ֮壬ɷɢʬգδյģǻʬΧ
ʯϿŹģϵķļΪƣӲǳͬһ֮֡
м޴ѪʯϣҲ̳˷ƣЩſʯϵӦ˾ɷ
޴Ѫʯɫ䵭ˣӦڼƷѪʯƺǴ̫õ£ɢʧ϶࣬ԣɽΪŨڴΪһǡ
ſʯˮ֮ĵϣżѱУÿһѶƷƺǴɲ֡
ɫص죬ʱȫ飬ѾûʲôԼˣǼΪɷ顣
ΣգΣգ쿴ﲻǾ֮ء
뿪뽫Լ뷨˵ʱӡ
ɽһ࣬ӣƺǾһΪѵĴսǱ֮ƺûע⵽ڵϣרĵŴ
찵鷳ˣƲãȻдѣ
вһˣЩһǱЩ˲ᣬڵˡ
ǱһЩǾδӣ֪һ·̫ΣգͻŭǺпܹˡ
Ҳ˵ĵǵעмľ޴Ѫʯͼѱϣ·ûע⵽һ㡣
һЩˣ𽣺;鵶֮ǰбҪˣȻ˺ܿɥڴˣϾҲʶ
һˣȻǱǰ龰סˣŻعȻǳӵ
ģôһѪʯֱһ
Ѫʯ㹻ʾˣ
˵ҿʾ࣡
ӦƷѪʯɣʧ̫ˣ
ԲֹƷɫӦǼƷ
ģƷѪʯôһ鼫ƷѪʯ൱ڶƷѪʯ
ﰡһҪõ֣
ǿǾŰѱУƺƷ
ƷһҪõ֣

Ⱥ뱦ķ֮еʱ򣬻һЩȴǱȽǵģǿӣ죬ͬʱҲüͷǰʮڹײġ
ܹ죡оΣգ
ǰ㿴飬֪Ǻ飡
ײʲôˣȻò
ſʯ׺ܹŹ֣дֲ
ˮеɫԲ˰ɣӦǴ˵еɷ飡
ƺи󷨣㿴ܣ
ȷʵȻͱˣǻȵ

ڶûһǰΪҲоһ󷨣Σա
ң춼ûж֣Ҳҡ
֮ʣɽڣ½½˽룬ȫһǱӣȺУ쿴𸳣һȿһǰĳһ˿أȻſ죬һ£˹
˶ˣ᲻أȴӰսó˼öѪݸˣڶ˿еĵҩ֮ʣ쿪ˣ˵ز˾øϿ뿪
һۣȿڣҲоˣʮڹײдֲˮУоһаħ
Щô죿𸳿һɽеˣ
ԵɣֻΣյϢ߲ߣǣ
ĬʱЩԭһļ̴ڽˣƺǰĳסˡ
ƷѪʯ
ױУ
ǡɷ飡
żƺзˣǵɫɫ䣬ãǣѾˣʮӰǣУ˲ˡ
ҵģߣ
ɷҵģ˭ɱ˭
ҵļƷѪʯҵļƷѪʯ
Ʒıˣ
ҵɷ飡ҵļƷѪʯ

⼸ʮӰеʱŭɷ˱仯ǿֲɷ֮˲˷籩ɽС
鷳ˣȺʵڸһ˺
ܶ˿⼸ʮӰУԼҲȲסˣһ롣
Ϣʱ䣬˽УЩ˳˾ŰѱУЩǳ˼ƷѪʯǻеıУȫѪʯ档
Ѫʯ󷨼ӳ֣Ҳסô龳ڵһ
ǡ
˵ĶһͣȻһϢ֮ǵĶӿˣϵغѪʯϣЩ鱻ս˿ռָ
꣡
ʱһɽеƺˣ·ĵһ㣬ɽеɷ֮Ѹٷű仯һ޴ãеٵӰС

˲䣬ҽֻЩˮ׵ߣϵѪȫˣƤǣ۾ʧȥɡ
ţ㿴Щ˱ɷ֮ûЩΧʯΧʹαеߣǱʯɢɷ֮壬˱ľͷһ㣬һ

ҽڴ֮УЩûнߣֹס˽Ųֵؿǰľޱ䣬סˡ
ãǱɷˣԻˣ鿴ˣߵģǱǰһ仯赲ˡ
߲ˣͳ˶ڣֻںڰУŨ·ڷסڡ
ѵ
Ȼһر˶У˵Ŀȥֻһʯ׵Ĺ׸ƿһ㣬һɻҺɫɷ֮ɢһֻ޴Ĺʯ档
ѵ
ţֻ׸ƶһ£¶˼ķ϶˵ľУһֻݵĹƴӹ׸˳


529 ׿ʬ
ֻ֣ƣЩѾãŻʬˮⳡ棬˺󱳷ëȻ
ɫΪأİҺϤͼֶܶࡣ
ʬشԵ˶Уͷһ
ɣʬֱ飬˵ǸֲĴڣɥʧ꣬ƣ̲ߣȴаޱȣѪԣݵΧ
ңǵΪǿ󣬱ȷҪǿܶࡣ
Щʬȵؽ׵᲻ɴݡ
һ뵽Щ˵Ȼˡ
ѵ
˱㿴ʯ׸ǶһߺӰͻȻͦ˺ɫĶ֮£ֻ¶һ˫õֺһſõӣһ˫аĹâ̰ؿųϵˡ
оʬս龳ڵʵ
ˡ
ͻȻ䣬߽ʬЦˣЦúܹ죬ĵ׷ëס
ৣ
ֻӰһʯ֮󣬶һȻһץ㽫õС
ʱ˲ˣƺһҪ뿪Ӱ
ѵ
ѵ

ţֻ˿ʯȫԶ򿪣˵Ӱͦһ߽ʬ࣬õ֣õаĿ⡣
ʬУֻź۵ģĶſס
ƣʬͺǿˣ⴩ſף֮͸ǿˡ
˵Ӱһ˰ѱõУź۵ĽʬõĽʬǵͽ
ಣ
˰ѱ֣֪սѾʼˣһӦս
ڶУлعһЩ˻ûӦĽʬնΪΣߵʬ壬ڴڵؽ
˿Ż
䡭
ʱЩߣƺӦ˽ʬٻҲǱɽеѪζȻˣǵУҲ뽩ʬһаĹâбл裬ˡ
սһ
쿴ǰǹһӣȵɱ
Ҳƺֳ̼ˣеĺ־彻֯÷˲ǳĸոձɵʬսһ
ˣʱȴֻʣٶˣЩʬҲһٶˣټϾŸǿ󿰱龳ڵĽʬٵĿ飬ޱȡ
ǹ裬һĽʬû취ϾʵЩǿģһһǣˣֻҪڽʬսô˱㲻ηЩʬ
ʬʵǿ󣬱Ͼǲʹߵս似ֻƾԪ·ս
ǵķӦȽ
ھŸʬǵķӦʬ˵Ҫ࣬ԣⳡսʤֻҪ˰סʬƣлȡʤ
ǼʬʱҲǿߣʲõѡʣһĽʬΪĽʬǾŸʬΪǿġ
ˣžֵͬʱҲɢ̰Ŀһֱͣˮеɷ顣
꣡
꣡

սޱȣһնɱʬÿһʬն㿴ѸݳȥɽڣȺС
ʬһ߾ߵصˣҲһصˣ״ңǻ϶˽ʬС
˿־壬ȴûȴѾû·ˣֻսȡһ
ʬأʬеѪƺܵˮ׵ǣƮݵѪʯ棬ɷ֮ˮ֮С
ڻطű仯˭Ҳûע⵽㣬Ƕվڼѵս֮С
ﬡ
ֳǹ뽩ʬײһǿֲܵ˶ԷǿȻƺڶԷ֮ϣýʬ˼ƺԽʬ첻˺
ʼƽˣ˽һս״̬뽩ʬӲƴԷĿֱֲӱܿȻƵǹ
䡭䡭
սɽУ·սĵ̼ߣս
λֵĹǶԽʬãֹֻ̫ˣֻй£ŻԽʬһƻ
ǣȴû˿٣ǵϣ֮ǰʬ˵ƺǲܵģǣܶ˺ǵϣ
ÿһƺ˷񣬵ǵĹȴЧһ˶սһʬ֮⣬İ˸ʬÿһǱʮ߲ЩߵҪЩ
Щʬ˵Ĺ£Ҳڼ١

˿ս֮УңԼԵһʬһ龳ڵߣȻ鷳ʹˡ
ڰ壬ǻȡʤǻۣ϶ͱʬնɱˡ
ʱ죬ȻǷսʩչˣȻԷǿӦսѡ
ͬʱƷıУǹȶԷҪǿһЩ⻹Ҫ鹦еһǹ⡣
ʬģǹɱ¾Ϣԣڷһʱ򣬱Ի߰ΪҪֶΡ
߰ȷǿ󣬿Ѫһ߸ʬǣ⽩ʬƺӰ죬Ǿ߸õʬ壬Ǳ߰幥Ҳֻǵ⡣
ս˼Ѱƽ֮漴뵽Щʬǵͷ­УһСŻ壬Щ򵥵Ļ壬֧ǵ˼άս
ԣƻֻ壬ſսʤʬ
ǣôǸеʵоĿ궼ңԶΪĹһʬü֮ʱ⽩ʬ·˵ǻһ㣬ѡܿ
ﬡ
רԷüĵʱ򣬶㲻Էֲһæ֮£ֻǹֵţ㱻ʬ֮ԶȻûˣһֱ۷顣
ħٴء𣡡
Ȼɱ¾֮ЧҪҲУֻԿֲĻ֮Ӧսˣ׻壬Դϣ
ǹһʮɳϽɫǹӰֲĻ̺֮УȻǻɱĺӰ
䡭
ǹػڽʬϣֻǽһɣֳ֮ˡ

ֲ˻𣬷·޾ķŭʹһ㣬ʬϵĺ۱ˣ¶Ǿ߶ĵĸʴſֲףŤ쳣
ϵ⣬Ϊҽ¶˿ݻƵĹͷ͸õ壬𾪵ǣʬ徹Ȼɷ֮ޱȡ
룬˵ڶιǻ֮Ĺֻǽϵ䣬˺
ԷƺŭˣѸٶȱԭȿһֹ
ܿӦսֻгԿķݣңֻȥֻл


530 ʬ
鼱֮£ȻԼɱﵣԸʬõķҲ룬һ˿ϲɫڿգ˾
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һɽе鶼еĿֲЩΧڴ飬˻źɣЩʬͼ߽ʬ˴֮УѪʯ
ͬʱǵ˻Ӿ޴󣬷·˿һ㡣
ʱ˷·𿴵˾һ㣬˱ܵ츽ҵսʹԭеٶˣ˽һ롣
ڵĸ࣬ŸʬΧֻΧʮʬÿһǾֵؿڰյ졣
𡭡
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ȷȺʶΣգȻҲľٶ
ʱֻЩԭȱˮ˾Ѫʬ壬ƺܵĳֹٻͿƣ˲ƤŹͷ壬ޱȣǵûһɣ·ʬ⣬ƿһ㡣
ɫ䣬ոƽģ˲˽š
۾΢УʶһɫֱӿʬȺУҪӵʱ䣬Щʬͬʢ͵ĵоһ㣬һ㼴ţҲҪʱȼգתۼ㻯ΪһѻҽһЩжյñΡ
һĻĻӳУǱ䣬ǲ룬ｩʬҲҪȥ죬ΪȽʬҪ¡
ʶȻǿ󣬵ǿ𣬶ʶĺܴԣȭͷСľֻܿűһɴСĻʱ䲻ܼ̫á
ԣɽʮʬ⣬ɫҲء
Щʬû˼άֻ֪ǰɱ¾ûи飬Ҳûп־塣
Ҳηԣɱ
ԶĽʬȥʬ⣬飬ֱճɻҽƲʬ⣬ֻܽһߣϾǵʵսЩһ˵ޱȵġ
ٴλʶľ޴ɫЩ԰ףʱѾ˵һʬǰʬ˲䱻̶֣ҵĺֻһϢ㱻ûΡ
˸ʬ״˿ҧѸһۿҪɹ𣬿ǶԷȷʵɿӿˡ
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ţʯ֮У׸ǱץУˮ׵ķλ
ʱ˲ע⵽˱仯ԴֻӲ֪ʲôʱվˮԱߣǾ޴ѪʯѾˣֲɷ֮ˮ׵Ϸ۳һаȵס
ˮ׹׸ϵƣڱӵƻš
첻⣬ǿЩʬߣҲûһ˿˷ܣֲ鼴
ע⵽˸ʬƺǳηˮеǾŮʬԼҲоǾŮʬĿֲ·жѽһ㡣
ѵŮʬ뽩ʬһģ
Ȼӣȵס֣
̺ͬһӣȻֻǲͷԹ޵ؿһ죬еĶӿˡ
ʱ˸ʯ׸Ƿɵ˰գˮϿյɷаȵĹϣ׸Ʒתһµƣƺڷӡǵ
ȻǺ;ſʯףʱȴǰ˿ڣȱһ׸ǣ󷨲ȫԣƺԽӡ˲侯һɵǵڵϵĵڼʯ׸ԣһŽɵɷϣ˸ʯ׸һķӡ
Ǹɷ֮γɵĹƺܵ˷ӡ˻ţŤţͣر̬
ʱȴоһļµϢ˲ɽУˮףֻˮϵɢˣӲ֪ʲôʱǱſ˾ˮԶĵϣޱȣѪȪӿһ㣬һֵؿˮס
첻֪ʲô飬ҲûʱȥˣΪеɷ֮ɵаȹһɿֲɷ֮ˮС
ͬʱ˸ʬ죬˸׸Ҳ˲ʧȥ˹󣬷ʯ׷

ʱȺзҵľѭȥֻɽڴһ߾߲Ƶİ׹ֲֳƱУͬһ㣬ͷ
һֲ̫ǣȺƺϮɱߵģˮױȥ
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ѵ
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죬Ҳ·Źһ㣬˼ѡ
ʱֻɷ黺գţŮʬˣٳ´ƮƮͬɫľ飬ȣɸ߿գɷλ˫֮С


531 
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ʱɷֵ֮յ飬·ҵ˳Ѩһ㣬ѸٵطŮʬγһĵС
簲ˣҲˣʬ˻ֹͣˣеĿⶼ˰յž޴ϡ
ëȻĸоɻڣƺӣĿ־ߵͷ
ģƱԽԽСʱƣֻһɴСʱȺ׹ֿʼˣǻߵƵ·Ȼͣ£ڵء
ԭȣҰİ׹ֻپߣȻʱ˷֣ʱȴƵİ׹ǾۼڴС
ֻвɼĵȴİ׹ǣֹʵڷ˼
ңô׹ǣǴģҲҪ˼⡣
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ŮʬȻǼǿȥԶľУȴǼΪټġ
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һͣϢ֮طɻңʱŮʬӲŻƵ·һϣ̵Ŀ⣬Ϸʵ񣬲мɣ塣
찵ãŮʬҪˡ

ڴʱʴһף˿ѪطҲŮʬѪķٴڿʮɣϵ˼֡

ʱȵ෴ķҲһ


ţҲͬʶ̽£ĵӰһǧɣЯǿƣŴ˴
Ϣ֮ĵӰͦھŮʬĸ򣬽½ϵƲţɱӿһ㡣
쿴ĸ˵ʱ򣬰ľĸȻǳԽʾǿߣҲ˵пλۡ
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Ůʬ࣬һɷǵĵʿ׷룬üŰԵۣгһѰ˿ľϡ
Ůʬǰһӣȫֻ鼡⣬Ƕʮͻ·ǻһ̥
۾Ͳ󣬵ϵķ̫࣬ʹ۾ǳСԺˣӿܺһ飬Ц
Ϲһ飬ÿһӶСȭͷСڹ⣬֪ʲôġ
еûʲôУֻһ鿾ȣɢ壬ϵҧۣ֪˸ոڽʳ
ʶ϶ͣһЩʱ䣬ĵֱֹ۾
֮£ʶתƵŮʬǿϣһؤȫģ·ϴ˲ͷɢңմ˲ݣϡĺ룬ȫһߵϣ˫۾ôеƭӣһֱеȣĭ
һɣ磬ȴһ룬мСȱڣϸع۲һ£ԿϸСѷ졣
ˣһΪ˵ģһΪĶ
ڱ˿еĶһǱǰҲΪǴ˿̣ȫôˣΪؤеľͨľǸ룬Ҳͨ룬·ִӷ˼ҵĹ˳ġ
ˣĹױƷˣΪԷϢһΪ˾Ƿеؤ
ʱνĴ
ΣҲ̫Խ˰ɣ
ֹ죬߿λۣԶԷ̰ţһ뵽Ժӣһᷢ衣
һĿɨ·һߣͱ϶ͣһϢʱ䣬һ˿֮󣬱㿴Ůʬ
վǼˣɷǵϵʿǰŮʬһ콾ʱȴһʬɱ
Ȼ״μʱǸСһһɬʮȥˣǶϳˣɻᣡؤ˵ˣг޵ĸпֻʱǣѷǣ㣬᲻㣿


532 а֮ս
ŵе򿪣ɫѹȻ˯ôãӦü˯ȥΪλҪѵ㻹Ϊ˼𣿡
һѽٴأǰ˵Ӧó˯ԶҪҧһ⣬߽˵塣
˵꣬Цˣ̶ִ˻˯جΡ
ĸСӣǼ϶һΧңҳҪģаĿתɭȻ
⻰һ˵꣬һ㶣ԶüͷӵȻˣӣ˭ľˣԴһ룬а鰡
˵꣬ͷų˿ֲѹϯȥ
ĸСӣʥձնǣԱĳԹҲͷųǿϢһ˶λߵơ
ߣֻһа߱ʵҲʹ۰ΪѣҪնˣֱǳ룡䣬
ĿⲢûΪ˵Ļ˿η壬ԵøӵĹ죬΢΢ϵʱǿᣬʱƽͣ仯еɷ֮ȴΧƺԴָսһ㡣
ǧ֮ڣֲ･ήЩɽʯߣҲоϢתɢͷ󾪣ȫͶ룬赲ֹ롣
ΨһһӰˣǣٴ۾ڵߵѹȣǱڵϡ
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ֻצΪֵУһϽɫֱײڶԷĽϣﬡһ㿴ǰѶбֱɱǱ֮Զû֮ǰ

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뵽˴ɫˣʶеʹԼָ
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ǰһƬƣһƬ鲼ʯķ棬֮ڿУΧսߡ
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ڴʱһֱԼüģӦһȻüĴȴһĽۣңۣоĿֲ
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Ȼһֻǻ˶ԷҲˣΪԷһ֮ȻӦ֮ߣȻĹһȭԽۡ
ֳɱ֮ɱҲ˲˹һһѴ㶾ĶذһǿУţһԲǳֿȭ
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İˣãʱ͵Ϯһһնɱ졣
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콫Լľߵ˼㣬谵ĿռУõӰʧˣ֪ߣڳսԼиʱԻһ
Լ̬ƽ֮ͣҲˣԸõƿΧı仯Ѱֵټ
ȻԶ΢ϤϤǽķ
ɫĮﰵңҿЩ˵Ϊֻ龳Ȼǿиɻˡ


537 նһ
Ȼ׽˿滺һĵְɣαضزأ֣һֱţĪɵˣǻߵϣ
Ļʵ̽ԷϾĻ˵ٶӰ죬ٺãĻ΢ת䣬ת䣬¶΢ὫԼټ֡
ԣսҶԷԳټ
Ȼ̽ȴûκεã·Χûһİôı䣬ס
֪ԼʧˣֱּˣǴĻȻӰ죬ֻ֪ɱˡ

ͻȻɰɽһϮ죬·Ҫ˺顣
˲䣬챻籩֣оԼһƬþ֮У֮ǰͬĻþ֮ǰɾôʱǵ
ǰ·ӰڲͣĳɱѪ죬ޱȣʬɽѪѱ档
룬Ӧ⾳
ȻҲ˵ǻ֮⾳Ͼ֮ǰƣֻΪֻþĲͬɾ˷ɾ裬ʧУĲף޵޾ɱʹͿ־ȥ
󱲣ðͷˣɫ䣬𣬵һתӰٶ֣һƶȻͷų
ͬʱϣһɿֲ֮Ļ֮˲ͷųεĻ֮ǿֲ壬ָо·ˣеˣЩڰĶ߶ס
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Ϣһ䣬һɿֲķ֮ӿޱ˲䣬Ƭն͸һɿµĽ仯ٶȷ·Ҫһ㡣

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ݣһ΢𣬷·ǱдҲȭͷ
Ȼδţֳʵ˲ûһУһųɫĻȼš
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ղҵĽ񾭷ˣֹһιЩɱ֣֮ǰĹöԷ˵òᣬȴҲδĲҽС
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ĽడʵȻȥȺһ
漴תһ룬һһ򼫺ãսǿȺһﲻκεҵ׼

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Ȼǲûȥһ£ǵĿûдɣǾԲ뿪ġ
Ҳ֪ûȥԷɱ֣ߵȲѣҲʱߣҪ֪Ҳпʱ⣬Ǳлɳˣ
Ȼһ֮ز׽˶˵ټ˲䣬ϵƶ䣬͵Ķкһƣ켴ղתռ⾳ŷӰڿնҶһ㣬ûһ˿·Բ׽ټ
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֮ǰ֣һΧԼΧȻ˵Ⱥлиֻ֣ǵֶʵ̫ߣû˿Էֵˡ


538 
һԶֻǸо˲ͬѰ֮ȴҲ֪巢ʲôΪı仯
ȻֻǸӾ˶ѣһöԪûǰ׼Ͼɱ֣Ƕʮǿ֮ģѲ
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ĹϢʱѾҵľ룬ǸˣǸտʼһֱڲ׽ǵϢѷ֡
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콫ԼϢ˾ѣִ˿ռָϣ˾һͷıӡ
꣡
ȻĵЧǷǳãһΪ΢УһɱֲⷢģҲֻһ˷ˣң֪ԷԼ֮Ǿѵ͵Ϯ롣
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֪Ŀ֣꣬졣
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սڳţĵɱɫأͬʱҲǷŭû뵽Ȼ˸Ҹԡ
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֪ԼĴѾõԼҪѹսһ֮Ǹʱˣ㴫


539 뿪
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ܶʱ򣬻жϴһ飬ֹʱöԷֻǱǿһ㣬ǣܵ壬֪Լжϴжףǿ١
һֱ˽ֲ꣬ĺԪƺһ㣬αóٻһ㡣
оǿֲĺڣƺԶᣬԪв㼱æת⾭еĺͬʱα任ܱĹ
˱Լжһѹ˲ǹڹƺָһ㣬ս߰
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սʱ˵ĲСҲ޷ӳʱսƶóٻ
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һ˲ʤ֣תۼնɱһˡ
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ⶫʱسС磬Ȼ첻֪ǣȥףѣС粻ſգǽҲй涨ʱģҪȵСݱʱ򣬲ſԽ롣
ʱ첻֮ǰ˵Сʮһ飬ۣǲСѹȣƺɡ
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ݸȻȥȵʱҪúʱһҪһõ


540 
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һΣ޷ı䣬ֻ̾
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Ŷżںܶ߶ԣǰ˫н治һбȴĽɱ󣬺ܶһȴ˶ɥҲһЩ˵õ֮󣬱Χɱ
ңСУǻ֮ŶдŶżеĻ֮ǷǳŨģҲֻ߲𣬴֮߱
ԣһЩʶŶżߣһ֮ӴܣǶڶսԣȴΪѰٱĵط
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ԣЩʱƾľ̽ģƲ׼żҲһЩ鷳죬ЩΣձԤ⵽ˣΪġ
һµĵطһΪεɽȣ᫵ϿȣŻᷢΪŨ
ңɽϣɽͬһ㣬ֻЩطѾ¶ˣȻ˹˹
쿴Ӧһϴ͵ĹżȻôŨˡ
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ǹżƵ֮أ߽϶࣬һұڽΪ壬Ƕսղһйֳ˺ܴĶԶӰһһɱ
ǣǿ˵ǿ֮һЩյɽԶһ뿪ˡ
֣л֮ɢӦδĹŶѾ˻߰壬Ի֮ΪУսոյķйһǰ۵ɽϣ˿ռ𶯣ǻ֮ɢ
Ŷ𣿡սɫһͣ漴һϲԼµǸ޴ȭӡұϵѺۣϸظӦš
Ļ̫֮ˣ˵ǸƶĹŶһˣսϸӦһ֮Դʧص
Ҳһǽֹ̫ܣŶϢ޷ɢѣҡҡͷ
ҲпܣԿսĻ˼Ȼǰұڣһȭ˳ȥ¡ı촫ȻֻǺܵĻ֮·ûйŶһ㡣
սʧֻ֮ǲдһ֮ѣûйż
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Ȼ˵˼ȴұϣǱѵʯľԶϢö˵ɫ䡣ƺƿһ͵żƺǾǿߵĶڱԾֶνұյĽУһǺѷֵġ
ڤɰ
սɫһ漴Ц죬Ļ֮ǿصıȽˣôĿڤɰ֪ӡʲôУڴ
ڤɰһֺпռԵĿʯĿڤһͨĴпռԵĽƿռָͨϡ
ֻڤɰᴿȽ鷳ԣֵֶ󣬵һЩطǱȽ;ġ
һֽϺõķӡϣһӡڣɢĿռԣԻˣѷ֡
Ļ֮ͬһ㣬ռ䷨ҲƺЩŹ֣ȻһԷﾹȻи
ռ䲨ϴ󣬻֮ɢȥŪ˺ܴ󶯾һЩͨߣƺܵɿֲĻ֮Ƭ
ȻҲһЩĽػʵǿ߷ɱУȻФ档
ФϿȺжս˲䣬кһԹޱȣ֮ǰ˵ؿڣȭͷɵýϢ֮һԼϢȻû뿪֮ʱһ˿ɫ
ȻȴһЩߣұĿڤɰǽ¶ССĶڣÿ˶Ǽ֡
Ҫ֪һĶǷǳģٿͨǣǰССĶڵļֻкͯſԽ롣
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һ룬˽Զ˷ˣģ˲֮⣬϶ǿߣǿԶʱĻ֮ʴ
죿һ촫ȴԴһЩɻ֮⣬ֻһŮӳȺ棬橶
ţ㣡ˣʱһ㶣û뵽ﾹȻġ
ĸӡ󼫺ãԣٴοģ쾹Ȼһ˿ϲɫ
ֻʱݹˣһЩŶһóʵôֵģ
֣ʾĹȻվһԵĶսֱۡ
죿ľٶϲѣʵ
ţôϳҵģǰŮӣͷ漴Լеɻ˳
Ȼˣȴûиı֪˸һңͫ׻ᷢϽɫĹâҵӡ̫ˣƽϢеļ
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һЩʾǿߣĵ˼нһЩĽߣңֻһΣսһΣ֮ϧ
ҲԲноһߣʹ𾴣
н̾һҪæ˵һҲûʲô
мصͷΪѰҲ֥ҵ˱Ըԭ
Ŷ֥нһ㶣İɣһģ
лˣ칰ֵ
ãңֵôнڰ֡
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Ѿʮǰͨ;С磬һ·һЩ˽⣬Ȼ֪нĴǿǶǿߡ
нһ۶ս죬΢Էͷ⣬Ҳ΢΢ףԻ
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һҲˣս͹һû뵽ҲˣСУɵ˼ûУܹսʤģҲûм
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ӢòһϮ£·Ǽ֮صѩһ㣬һֺĸоǺ֮Ϣ̶ȣȴǴɵĻ
˲䣬ϵϢ䣬·ػɽ֮׵һ㣬ޱȡ
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ս챩һԪ𵴣Щ֮ˣԱˣһЩʵõߣÿѪ


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Щû˵ˣǾ֣սһʵֲޱȣеǵңױˡ

ս챩һսȻӰ죬̼䣬ͬ޵һ㣬Щֶȥ
ֲɱƬս߱񱩵ɱһЩߣǾ֣Զˡ
սꪣսꪣǶս죡
ɫһսꪶսţν׹СУûм˲֪ġ
ȴһһʱЩӦ
ǰʮǿߣ޼ʣǣսս˿޼԰Եʩչսꪷ޼ǹȫסҲ˲ѹơ
Ĵս߱û˸ǰչˡ˵ƣʱᣬ
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Ӷңǹɱ޼ŭǹһɱ죬Ȼȴս赲סȻ߼ɵս죬û׾ͽչС
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죬ȴûнע˵ϣоһϤϢ·ǺڰеĶһ㣬ɭ䣬
ɫһ䣬ϢֵϢЩһרԼġ
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һ𣬻صĽ˲ղŴĵط
һɫĽâ֣нˣϽ·ؼΪֲıУֱӽֵնϡ

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ɫҰףͻȻıʣӦ˲Ϣ֮ŻعԹ޵ؿŲн
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΢΢˶ͫ׻ɢûϢȻء
ʱĳ˾ʮ֮ԶĵطŲнߣ
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׷Ҫߣ
죡Ҫƿ޺ޣ

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죬벻ʶսĴﰡ˸Ŀһ˿֮ɫ
Ҳֻһͨ߶ѣʲôﲻģЦŻӦĹӦöԶսЩʮǿȽ˽ɣ
֪һЩڰŶ죬ҡҡͷһ૵ڰˣ֮а
漴ģʵˮֻǺܴģս޼˵ʵԣЩģܶడ
΢΢һЦЩĶѣŪֻǴʱѣôߣǲܽÿһ˶˽Щصǿߣôֵᷢأ
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ãˬشӦˣнĸд裬ԼʵҲаңԷڽϵ裬ֵȥѧϰ
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ңֻСУÿһԪطѹƣǳĺʵۻ룬սͬҪǿܶࡣ


555 սФ
찵̾ϧңδˣһʱ䣬սġ
죬ҪʲôķڰԼ΢죬ͷ
عûзĵҪȥѰҲ֥
üͷ΢֪֥ΪҲʶѰҡ
ͬаɣҿ԰ﵽһЩĿ죬
첢ûӦĬĹĺˣ˶в׷ɱңĲ˵֣Ǹ鷳ҿ»Σգ
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Ѹһգ۲Ӱ

ʦ֣ʲôʱҵҸ簡ط̨ѰˣҴȥˣһżԵشһ߿ǰУĿ۰˷ѰʲôһŮǳΧм䣬мӡŮһţ䣬֮ΪֻϢֻһ㣬ûʵսǿСͬһսս
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ɫĮޱȣŶ˳ֻ֣ǽѵûɱ⣬Щûʸնɱǣʲô鶼и޶ȣЩ˹ˣҲᶯնɱ
ȻһͰ˸֮˵ʵֻŻһģв
Ҷɱ⣡һƽǣȴħһ㣬йѹ
˷˶˵ľ磬ջǷֻ֮£ɻ󲻽⡣
ŮƺΪŭҶǳ֣֪˭𣿡
һۣصԲУ
򵥵Ķ֣ȴŮΪŭ༸Ҳ˲䷢㶣漴Ŀ죬ЦСǳıӵˣСʦãҶְɣ̫죡


560 Ԫ֮
һȷɵĵ̵Ĺӣһİӡ׵ĸһ㣬ûȥԼʱģһķߺޣָ죬¶磬صӣźϮѣҹףСӣ͵Ϯңɱ㣡
һȻ˲ٵΧţһڣ㼤˵ĴЦһЩƺ죬ɫΪкϷˣ
Աߵһɻصô͵ļһȻҵ⼸ˣʲôϷɿģ
ǰ֪ȻʵզģͷСƺһֱѰǰʮһλǿߣһҲǰһ֮ǰ˵ˣ
Ļƺ˺ܴ𶯣ʵǰʮһλһλ
˶ڴĴ𰸣ҲɣԪꪣ
ʲôȻԪꪣôͷʲôǰʮǰСˣһ𾪲ѣɫʱˡ
СӸղų֣ӦΪս⼸˵У˵ϣԪꪣǻɾʹˣ̾Ϣ
ʱ˵߿ˣһ֪ʲôԪôˣҪ˵ЩѰԪꪣһԪкĹϵˣкĹϵΣ
˵ţѺܲмһ۾ˣ֮ԱǣⷬٶȻ˵Ĺעɻʵʲô˼Ī˵ͷԪꪻ󣿡
һʲôͷҲ֪ǣ˿һݽɫԪˣҲаսʤ
ʲôһ˽Ծѣʵ˭ĪҲǰĸֲɣ
ҡҡͷҲ֪Ӧò֮УȴüΣһεʱһնɱ֣о޵ĸ죡
˲ס˺ʣеı̫ˣ߱ɫȻЩûʮǿ֮УǣȴһȺһĽɫȶʮǿ廹ҪνüСѲοֿɲСǿǲںʮǿĶɱְ
Ǹ죬˼ǿԿ϶˵ʵԿʮǿ
նɱ֣ǺεȵʵȻЩΪ촳ˣϾ̫࣬޴ڰ
նɱֺ޸죬Ҳ˵наԪꪵʵ޵ѪɱҲֻʮһѣ
ʱֿˣ֪ʲôյĴս֮ǰǸսսö·ģֻ΢ư󣡡
ս죿սꪶս죡ģһ˰ڰ˵Ķǿ߰˾ѡ
ʱǷʵǴ򲻹Ԫꪣȴ䶷һûġ
һżУǴǹжһﰡһڣ˲Ĭˣǲ֪ôڣǹȶսҪΣԪҪһΣʵ󣬵ȻմǹⲻҪеҪʵ
ǹֻԪꪵһΣʵΪգȷʵ֮һսʵ
֪𣬾ڲǰѪ֮ϣһǿ֮սٶȿڣ˲ӦˣΪǳսв˿ˣʱǲſ죬ģӡ˲ˣ֮꣬Ծǳսǡ
֮ڣնɱʹʵɼһߣ
ʹģбնɱʹ𣿡𾪲ѣƺЩţʹʵҲûмȴ˵ǿǲģҲ˵ʮһλԶ˺Ǹǿޱȣ˵ԱȼǰʮĴڡ
бնɱʹսѾǿģԿǰʮ֮С
һְǼʶˣЩһﴳˣ
Ÿ۸ڶļһ
벻ʵȺ˿ɾͲˣС˺УûоԵʵǾ

۷׷ףѾ˿Ǿžʬˡ
û뵽ʵôǿ֪ЩһﵱôģȻ©֮⣡ǸС尡һСˣѣ˸̾
Сǿ߶ȥˣö֮ڣҿǼǵãǰѪϣǳ˰ǿ߰
ǰ˵һרѰҹżߣɱʵǿĳ棡
Ҳ˵ˣ˵ı֮һ쳣ƺʲô֮ģ
ҼЩˣǿֲԺҪ

쿴ܵļˣĮݵԼǰŮصҲʲôñңҵĵ˶ȥˣٶһЩҲ޷
ߣ˴ʦ֣ȻҶ죬ҺúýѵŮһŭɫŰ˵
Ǻʦ֣ƺڴĵע⣬һ˿ɱ⣬ԭûʲôɱģֻ˵ЩݻŻһЩ죬ݺһٱˣǸӣȻ취õ֡
ǣһɱ⣬ȴǱ첶׽ˣֻ͵תĿ罣һ㣬ֻǺʦֵУصɱ⣬ˣ
˵֮󣬱Ǵֻһȭûʩչʲô似
Ǻʦֱǿֲһ£˲סȷӦʱ򣬱㿴һֲȭͷ˹һɼΪԵƣŭֻػ
ֻ꣡ǣȭͷֻȭͷʱȴ˹ͷѵȻ󣬱㿴ȭͷǺʦֵȭͷֲľֱӺڶԷϣǵӰʮ֮ԶһѪ
غǺʦֱ㲻ʡ£ɢؿһֲȭͷӡ
㾹˺ʦ֣ǰ˲ûиоʦֵɢǿǱˣȻͻȻչֳǿʵϣʵֻһǣǣΪбġ
񣬾ȻôأŮܵǺʦǰؿڵİݣŭѣι˼ö˵ҩȻŭؿ죬
ûŮֵֽ֮ƽϣȻŮҲûɱ⣬Ͼһȱٹ̵ܽŮӶѣֻҪ˹̣ܽ;ǣ߾ͲһˣѾŭͷȻǿ󣬻Ҳ뵽ıɣһŭȵһϣΪʦֱ𣡡
ϣߵӰ˲죬к壬ɱ˵ַȴȻûġ
ɫ䣬˲ͷųһɼΪֲƣ֣һתӳ΢£ߵӰ߷һ㣬ɳȥÿһ˲ˣȴ


561 
Ѿòˣ˾ޱȵؿ죬ʱǲѹ
ŮҲǾޱȣ죬սսص㡭㾹ǣҸ㣬㴳ˣҪҸ磬úýѵ㣡
ʣ˲ѩǸŮУȴҲռһϯ֮أΥ飬Υļ˲ӿͷԣȥŮӳֻ֣Ǿؿ˭
ߣҸԪУʮǿ壬ᣬʦ֣Ҹ粻Ź㣡ŮһĻָ֮ǰĽŭǸҿҸǰ˵˵飡
ԪУʮǿ壬ͷС粻νΧΧߣԶ𾪲ѣ뵽Ůйϵǿû뵽ŮеãЩ֪ˣԶΪ촳ˡ
Ҳ𾪲ѣͷһ£֮ǰնɱĵǿȴûһԱȼԪꪵģ˷ĴУǿ˴鷳
ԪУޱȣᣬصΣҸ㣡ʦֱشɢѻһʱУҽ죬Ҫ뱨𣬾
˵꣬һҲȥȥıӰ֣𣬶Ůߣ˲䱻嵽ˣǵһο֮򶨵ģһ˵Ĵ󻰡
ֻ˲ַӦո˵ǵĺʦƺҪˣΧ˹ȥ
̽һºʦֵȷʵ˵һ㣬˾ޱȣȴǴסˣƬ֮󣬲ŷӦɫһƬҰףſķ򣬷ûӰȻһ߸磬һΪʦֱģ죬Ҽסˣ
Χ߽ԶɢȥǲȥŮӣϾûʵ֮ǰȴҡͷǶ˵ǡ֪ߵغ񡱣
ƺ˵ŮӦƺԼ©ʲôҪϢϸһ룬㿴߸ʦ֣ѵȸҪߣ
˽Զҡҡͷһ˵ǰĸ֣Ǽ˵һλ֮⣬˵֣Ƕ֪Ҳû˰ѵһǸ
ᣡҿߵôӦߣôһأҲƲʦֵĶ֣һҪʦ֣ʦֱ𣡡һ˵
˵һһλ֣ϲûһ˿ϢӦò
ҲΪǾȥʦְɣ

ŵ֮ϣż֣֮⣬ȴӰ
ΪβɱǣѵԪ𣿡Ŀ죬
ҡҡͷǺʦ֮⣬༸˶ԭ£ЩҲǽһЩҲûʲôʧԪǹУҲ׷ֺη¹˭֣δ֪
Զôţĸ̾
쿴Զķ棬ҡҡͷûʧȥŵĵ˰ɣ
˼粢ż磬ͬһ㣬ʯϣ塣
һӴĹųǷ棬ϱڲԫשߵǣߵϢṲ̃㡣
һЩʵǿߣǾԣ˴һأƽʱӰϡ
ȻΪǣʯãûпһӰ˲üͷо̫ˡ
Ǻ£ѰصĹŶż˵Ŵǿߵҩ԰
ˡ
ڣǰһ󺮷˵΢΢һ٣ϲȴ˲ʧ˳ˡ
ǰӰͦվ϶͸һɹɹϢɱ⣬ǵƺһ˿Ϸ֮⣬ƺһֶϲ
ţ΢΢£꣬Ѫӿ·ոɱһ㣬ңе̰·˺ܾһ㡣
֣ǣ֪Щ˲ֻ֣Ǹһ顣ɱߣԲСתԱԼܹ
ͬʱԵõϵıԴ
ԣɱ¾þУߵΪĲѪ
мѪ쳣ʢϵϢսͰЩƣƺܴ󣬹ޱȡ˫ֻǰ¶һ˿ĮɫǵȻɵĿ⣬·ѾĶ˵
ϣǲ⵰ȻΪɱ¾ֱ˷ѾһɫĮصƺʮֱ֮Ϊ
ģʱ䵽ôˣЩ۵ļһȥҵĹ֮ǰǶ޷ķѹȣһһ죬ɱڣСҲ̫˰ɣ
˵̸а𾪣˵ʵǹ꣬Ų޸ǿϢ̶ֳȣӦò⣬ǣǵ̸УȴоǿߵȦУҲһķ
ѹ֮صɱ¾ֹͣ㲻ɱ¾޷طѹȣΪΪ˵ĵꡣ
֮;棬ֻвϵɱ¾Żøǿ
ȥɱǣǸϽˣ̫ˣҪ˷ʱ䣡м֮˵Įص˫۹â˸ɢһɹϢ˫һ˲Ѫɫ˲ܣеڡ
Ѫͫɫһ벻˴˵֮еѪͫһߵսо޴ƣԻ֣ԿһЩͨԿ龰
ڸղţ˫ѪͫͷųһֹѪɫâ˼ȦƺѰʲôϢ֮󣬱ʧˡ
˵Ŀͣϣһ˿ɻüͷ΢ֵֹĸо
ҡҡͷƳһۣصȥɱɣ
еٴͷųһ˿Ѫ⣬Уﲻͣʲô˶΢΢ͷŲһ磬ɱȥ֮ɱģ֮ɱ졣
ģ˺󣡡ʵҪǿܶ࣬һģƲʮУĻᱻնɱ
ԼҲСУײһ֣϶Ǳ˵ԣǰˣ
һ˵ڶǰʱһͣ켴Ц
֮߿죬ϷʵصСӣǳӢú𣿺αأӢ۾вͨΨɱ¾﷨򣡡


562 ѪѪ֮Ѫͫ
СӣҵˣʱˣΪһŮ֮ͦǰ죬ǹ£ÿ˿ʮͷҾͷŹ椣Σ
ûǶԷĻֻǵؿŶˣ֮Ѫͫɫ΢
ߺǣɣļͷѣôӢ۾֮Ϸʿ죬ĵص
ȻǾͳȫ㣬Ӣ۰ɣΪ׳Ѫɣ֮ص
·һʯȵʯϣؿŶ˳˫ɡ
ԶѪͫȻûһ˿顣
㲻˵֮ǰ죬±ӲҪߣ
˵ֳ꣬ȭػӳ
ƺһȭȴ·ֲޱȣԳһ޴ɽ󣬴硣
ǡ֮⾳
һ˿ɫû뵽ǰ֮˾Ȼ֮⾳ڴصĺأ
ȴɫƽҲǻ̧֣һȭԷʵ޻
䡭
ȭཻԪײȴ˲ţֻ֮ߵɳȥײԶһϣɳʯ䡣

ϳľ
֮˲סˣѪͫߣѪ˸ɢһϢԳһӰ
ȿȡ
֮ɫףһĺȻ֮ɫڿȳһЩѪҡҡλεվŶһɷŭ֮ɫ
ˣ
Ϊһ֮ͨߣֻɵ֪Էôǿ
ȥض죬ĬϢСˣ벻ǿѲ壿
쵭ؿŶԷϻˣְɣ
һߣСӣҿɲˣ
ֱ˴ˣ۾΢΢
˴ŭϵƶȻͷţ·һɽѹţһȭ֮ǰһģһ
ֻȫ֮⾳ֲ֮
۾ţоԷȭͷûһ˿־壬ƽһȭʵ޻
䡭
һ죬ڴ˵ɳȥһϱϣֱӽײ
֮ߵһǰ˵Ҳֲ̫˰ɣôôǿء
Ѳǰ֮壿
ѪͫȴѾɱˣ·һͷѪҪһ㣬ʵѰҵ
֮βʶǿȥǵѪǰ߲֮ţ񣬷ǳء
һϣ߽֮
ã
˲䣬Ӱӳ·磬ֱüġ
ɫ䣬˲ʹĦڭָһָ֮ߵüġ
˿ܽעȫϣȫֻ˲䣬üı̴ض
ԶѪͫһĻɫ䣬ɱ糱ӿ죬ŭɱʬΣ
ɣ֮߱ĺȵƳгһ޴ӰֲĴݻÿռƷ˻
˲ܵһɼǿĴݻһƵȷʵԵս˫ǿܱܿᱻش
Į³һ漴Ӱ֣ǰĳһ޴Ĺϡ⡱ƾճ֣Ӱײ˲ӿ֣Ӱס
ɱ
ӰȻһֱǿֲУЯŴ֮ŶԷɱȥ
֮ɫ䣬ٺˣȻһɿµķ֮ͻ֣ƽεס޷һƺ˳ȥֲֿƣŵ˶ʱݡ
͹ɣ
Ӱ£ֱӽûɢ
һ
ѪͫɫʱѿѪͫԿߵΪƾֶͨ죬ΪصٺãѪ֮ͫ£ȴΡ
ǣȴˣһ֮ߣһɱӣǴδй顣
ѶҵѪͫʧˣ
ôܣ
һ˵ˣűԷлɳˣնɱ
ѪͫɫӲ䣬ĽŲǰһ̤磬һѪɱȥ
ˡ
ͬʱѪ֣Ѫȥȴͣ

΢һаֶΣɱΣԽ˱ɿܣûԸĶ֡
֮ǰʥɽ֮ϣᵽ˲ڤȻջʤǣǲС
˲䣬оԼһεס޷
ɫ䣬ƶ䣬ǿѪӰ֣ܵӿҪ
ȥ𣿡
Ѫͫ߱˵˫ֶ컭һаӡвͣţֻ£üĵ
Ѫ䡤񣡡
ʱëϵɱ糱Ѫͫ߾ȥֲޱȡ
˶΢΢һͣ׽ᣬͷų˽򣬽˾ڽ֮С
ô£
Ѫͫ߸оԼطˣ󾪣ϵƾ䣬ǼµĴ˻ȥ
ʱѾˣֻһֻ޴Ͻɫӡƾճ֣ӡһ޴İɫͷų˿ֲϢûüߣ㱻ɵˡ

ʱСһϳǣкüӰʯϣ˿һɫѿޱȣͷһɿֲϢγһõѪ񷡣
ôˣԣ˿ʵпôûʲô˰ɣ
пյĻơˣһɱص
ʲôɫһɫ˲üˣ
ţͷ
пյĻѣζɱˣ
ôпս֮ǿνĶʮǿ֮£ӵѪͫɱ˲࣬ǿߣ϶ߵģôᱻ˸ɱأһɫѿ˵пպ͸ֵܣʵǳǿڼľӢֵܶѰżȴϣ츳õĸпգȴǳʦδ
֪ڹżбɱģҪҪȥңԽִסпձ𣡡³һ͸ǿҵɱ֮⡣
ţпյѾ޷ֲŵʧһҪһѰ֣Ϊпո𡣡һ˻Ӧ˵ͷֻˣ˫ж͸ѪĹâʥ֮ݵñնɱ˳𲻹졣
⼸Сп߶ŷɥǾһС߾ɱΣһ߶Ψֱ֮


563 
Ϊ⼸˸ոյС磬߲࣬Ȼпպ͸ĸ֣ڶʮǿˡ
ЩվԶһ߽Զ𾪲ѣȻûгΪ⼸˵⼸˵ֶǻǼġ
ĻʱͷһݣкϷˣȻ˻ɱ˸ĵܵܣпյʵɱҲܹ͸սһź档
첢֪ߵʲô֪Ҳ֪֪ˣҲʲôӦոɱԪǹʦܣںһͲˡ
ȻǴ˿ǷдУѰűȻջҵһЩͨײϡ
˵ЩʲôرǶ˵ϡԣûж룬㽫Щ͸ġ
ģϳ֮еԽԽˣײģ˿ջķᣬĽѣ⣬ɱ˶ᱦȴ켸иնɱˡ
ৡ
ǼӰͣڷϳУһߣüͷпӦþﱻɱģ˵
ҿɱɷŹһ˵
߿⼸˵ʱ󺧣˿±ɱ
Ҳע⵽ˣϵϢ֪⼸ʵ
ǴһˣǴ෴ķϳǵġ
첢û߶һܿЩˣΪûҪԷȻǿ󣬵Զв
ľٶ˵ע⣬ΪܶĿͶǶˡ
ǰһĿ⣬͸һɱ⣬ƺҪǵ
ĿȻǸģֻģЩȷĵʵ֮֮п˵ʵֱ֮֮֮ȻҪĺǿһ˶ɽնɱ
ѵŮսǿŽпջɱ
ǣ֮ϸܵһ˿ϤϢڸпյġ
Ŀϣ³һŲΥƺıȥ
ɫĮŸΪȻǿȴûǶսǿҲͱ֮ǰФǿһ㣬˰ԵδҲ̫Щ
ͬüͷĿصĶŸʼɱ֣ϢոնɱϢѪͫЩƣ˿˿²⡣
𣿡쵭һŲȴûжֺ
ǹû𣿡֮˱³һɱ֣͸ǿҵв֮⡣
Ŀ΢䣬ɱͷţؿһۣ켴ѡӣɫһ֮ߣȻԴԼδҲ̫˰ɣ켴ɫ䣬ɱεͷų졣
ֻһ仰Ŀ絶ϣǶڴ˳УǷɱˣ
ţɫ䣬ûпΪɱѪͫߣղѪͫмơ
ǻɱ˲ֹʮˣһƳص
һɫһͣ漴ϸش죬һ˵һ˫ͫѪ˸
ѪͫţģѪͫƺһѪĺ̹Ȼɱ˾ɱˣǿãʵ¹οǰ֮ˣûµʵ
ϵĻ˫еĺ絶䣬Ҫѡ
Զأǰ㣿֮˵һ
ɣɫ䣬£ƴ񣬶Ȼͷųһɿֲĺ죬оһɴ̹֮⣬䣬ͬʱһɰԵԶ߽Զ
һʮ֮֮Ŀɨǰˣǿݣһ𣬳޼ͶսĿֲǿߣһ˸Ƕ֣Ȼϣ˵ֻĥʯѡ
ܻɱҵܵܣսֻҺֶλɱģĪΪˣĿĵϣȻģΪɱпյġ
죬һ֮ߣǸпѹͬһ磬ҲһսʤˣҪԻɱȻĽԵˡ
һ룬Ĳ֮ôţҲǸпյĶ֣ʲôֶΣǶΪǣôһ˿ĺۼʵǷѽ⡣
òʵһǰ̣ȴҪϧˣĮƽУȻòɱܵܣûбҪϧɱˡ
Ҳôã㿴Ůʵȥ֮Ҫȿһͱ·ΣԱһ˵
ǣŮ涼ѵһҪ˵СˣѵͲ𣿡ԶȺ壬ƺΨ²ң˶Ц
ӳǱ߿һۣĿ罣һ㣬ֲɱ˲ӿʶ·һž޴ԶȺȥ
ʱЦ֮ȻֹЩ߽Զһ֮ɫǺ浽ߣȻ˵ڴ˵صõ˲ٱɱ˼ߡ
ûۿ㲻ΪȻһ˳һˣǽնɱ
ǣղŵţһĸоֲޱȡ
ҲҲ´ˣпգУĻˣ³һ죬Ҫɱ
ûǸԶȺȥһֻ̤вߵľ룬ڰ⾳ӿ򣬷·һڰħ
ԶȺʧɫƣļµĸо
Ҳһ㶣Ȼûмڰ֮ڹżпٴҲһЩ˵ʱһϢµǺڰ֮
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䶫죬Ѫڤگڤ磬ǲĵֹǰʮɴɭȻĹ֮һ̫ʥּĸо
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ԣĹĻո˵ʱǹûһʮɵǹĹͭŹ׺ȥ
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·ԼԼһ㣬Ҫ룬ʱͷǣȻȴǲڶ
ʱȴϣʶе޿Գ֣Լһ٣ȻԪͶʶ֮ʱ̾Ϸޣһʮֱӵ˲䣬Ӧò԰׵ɫʱߺһƬ
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ʱԷƺˣֹռУΧƻǧӰŽŲԼⷬ󣬼߶һëȻĸоҲ⡣
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572 ɵ
ʲôôֲĹڣԿ׻ôãɫ𾪣
˵𣬸߼ѪǿԽ뽣õԿ׵ģԽгǿĽޣҲǿԽصģõˣȥĹڣˣ÷䳾
˵е򲻹߼ֵܣӾڵķأЦ˷ܵص
༸һ˿ƺĻӰ쵽ˣϵɱ֡
÷䳾ԶķУҵϣһл뽣õԵ
䳾֣רһ߰ȻǼ˭·Ϲ̾
˵Ľ᲻ȫȻ
ԣͣ٣Ϣ֮÷䳾ȿڵӦûģѵһĻᣬ˭
޽Ѿˣ֪𽣺ͲнжǿǽһȺ̾
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÷䳾һ磬ˣǧҪƺԼҪ£ɲǷУ˸εĲ࣬ʵϵĲ಻Сģ
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ߣűǸ߼ֵܵ£Ҹұ֤ǵ·ˣ÷䳾ɱ糱ȺѰŸ߼ҵӵӰ

ԶԶͿɽ˺ĺӵ̣̾ޱȣ̾˵ɱ¾ôô˰а֮˰ɣ
ԣԶһЦһ·Ҳ˽ⲻˣؾ˶Ҳ
ƨôˣжٱض֣ƲƲ죬ص
أͲҪ˰ɣܿͲˣǵʵʸȥᱦ𣿡һЦ
ɫ΢죬ڨڨȻ˵ҲǣͿˣĽ֮ǿһЩĻҹƿ٣
˵е޽ȽˣлƽˣõĻԵõǰĴУĵһЦ漴죬ɫǳɱ֣ɻʵ
ĵĻȫˣһۣҿһѣȥк
Ȼƽһӹɵһ㶣û˵ֻ΢΢صͷɻؿһ˳һȥ
ԶƧĵطһڵ߶һһʯϣһۣǿȺУҫޱȡ
Χ֮ķΧǿŵģû˸ҿΪ˵Ϣ̫ǿˣܶ˶ڲ²˵ݣǶʮǿ֮еһλ
ˣƺҲǳֳȻڱ˵ĸо΢̣ߡ
һֱһ֮ɫ֣һ뵽Ǹˣߺ޲ѣȴҲɵѡ
̶̵ʱʵٴη˴仯һ뵽ˣһָоԼǶԷĶ֡
ǣַǳìܵΪʵСһѾ۷ˣ˿ɳңȫնɱǸͷ̡
죬һʬΣҧͳһһֵر˳
ȻоһֲɱԼɫһ䣬ͷҸ˳
ͷ࣬˲䣬ɫˣԭȵ̬ǳĻɲǼϣΪԼˣʹգ˼۾ǰӰʱͷ͵һ漴³һǿһп־תԹޣվʯϡ
죡ּˣһΣһҪɱ㣡Թ޵ؿ죬ϵɱ·ɽһ㣬ӿ
쾲ؿŴˣصֻҪ㲻ʹôͷŲֻżļգ̍׼𣿡
һΧΧ۵߽Զһ̫̾󣬾ȻǰſǺͶ̍۵Ľ㡣
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ҿп
˵ʶǱţ칬ĺĵӣ̍
칬ʲôطܻģ
֪ʲôǿڵƷ䱱İ
ŶԭˣƷ湻ţģŲƷѣ˼һƷֲһϢǿ

˭ҸⱱŽа壡
֪죬ҿǳԴҩˣҶԵطˣ
˺ܹŹ֣Ϣúܺãôоȫһͷް
վʲô̍ǰ󣬹Ʋһˣ
ûпϷѾݣڴҼʶһⱱŰɣ

䳾֣ǱƺкϷˣʶչԶԶز׽˶̍ߵ΢Ц
ȥɣؾδȳθС˰ɣ÷䳾һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ˳ŶѰ˼սӰһż˷˹ȥ

ﳤ̣ˣͶ̍˵˲С𶯣ǣ˶ȥעڼʮʱǰѾʮˣʱзżˡ
ֻ֮˲ŻȥעЩܶʱһǿߵʱ򣬶˵ġʱֵʱ
Ȼв˾гΪǿߵǱʡ
طɣؿһ۶̍ԶտԭҰȥ˶̍
ܶʱʱһ͵Ϯĺʱǣ̍ʹɥʧ͵Ϯġ
һĲΪħֻնɱ죬п˹Ǹ
ոֻǼ򵥵һ仰ֲΥö̍һ˿ʱҲԴ˵ģΪΣһж˹
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δйĺޣ
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ʼձͬľ룬һµĲ̤һ̤̍һŵأ΢ᣬ̍Ҳŵأ΢ᡣ
˷֣ʮϢ֮߹Ľӡ̍ȥԣʮϢ֮󣬵ֻȳĽӡǰʮϢʱ̍ڵϵĽӡ죬ȴǽǳ
һ̣ܶ˿̍·Ӱӣ
̍ٲȻһħͷÿ̤һӡһ磬Ų·ħһ㣬صûŶ̍ࡣ
һ̣̍ոսģٴα߽ˣסһ£ˣĽŲˣȻһϢһһһɣȴ޷סĲ
ˣΧ۵ȺУһϢǿİʵ


573 ĩս
˳籱㱻Եļǿ߹м䣬ȴûһ˿ư֮ɫȤȻؿԶͶ̍ɫ
Ŷ˭ˣһ֮ɻ
̍국ص
£ôܣһǺܴģ򰡣һ˵ǴѪİ˸ǿУдˣһ˵
ٻԻ͵ĹҲβ˴ʱʧܣսδʼ䣬̍ˣһ˿ɫĿƵϣǵСӰʱȴǿبžɽһ㣬˵˭Ϊλƣ
һſСˣӻҿҸ̍а壬ǻòͷˣһƲƲ죬
ǿˣ̍ʵСк֪ǣܳΪ֣ȻɵԼԷ·ûȥҡҡͷǿĲÿһɽѹ£سȣȴҶ磬̤ƣᣬǽ뵽ļ󣬵һ̶ֳȵ˲࣡
Ŷ֪ӿɲȻ
ͣ٣ҿ
ʲôʱԼ˾ǿ굽жǿģȻƽƽ죬ȴƺڰ֮ϣ޹ֺǻʧ̬
ֻһ˲ı飬˼Ƭ֮ȻŰĻ

˺ǿ鷳ˣ࿴Ŷ̍ɫΪأ
ϧҵʵ΢ﲻʲôæˣҲǵ̾һϧ֮Ρ
ĵǵȻߣʹľ˲٣ʶҲ˲٣ΪҪǣʶＸ˶̣Զ̍ĸ֣Ҳû˿ĽŻңǰοԶ˵İɣµģ
Ҳ̫˰ɣûѪǿ֮һʲôƷţһ֮ߣڶԷлһİһֱҡͷ
Ʒôˣʥ֮׷Ŵ򣬺ξˣĵһЦ죬
ʥֵ֮Ҳ̫˰ɣһɫһͣ
󵨣ǽǿʵ֮ϣĵһЦ
ǿʵ죿ɻ󲻽⡣
Űɣĵص

ܶ˶û̍սһЩǿߣǣڸղŶߵƬʱ䣬ڷ˲֮ԣǵעҲͶ˹ʶ޼ɵڶش
⣡⣡⣡
ŲֹͣˣУ̤ĽŲʱͻͣ˸оԼ˲ͣˡ
ͣ˽Ų̍һģһҲͣ˽ŲɫΪأѾ֪졣
ڽŲͣµ˲䣬ٴһʧȥģΪ㹻ĺޣֺޣʹȴһеĿ־塣
죡֪Щ죬жôغ㣬Һ޲ðƤĹͷģѪȻѹ̍׼ΪԭӢȻʧˣ͹˫۷Ѫɫ
ֻ볹㣡ƽؿǰҵǿУûһ˿־壬·ûбһ㡣
ңɣ֪ʲô֮ĺڣ㻹֮ͣ𣿡̍һӣ˲УɭȻޱȡ
ռָǹУƽؿŶԷϻ˵ְɣ
ɱ̍ͷųԼ۷ƣһΣ쿴̍Ѿ֮ĺڣ֮۷壬ҲΪ޵ԭʹ⼸Ϣʱˡ
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սˣû˶֣ͣһ־ɱУԣⳡսһʼʱ̣̫á
˳籩һɿֲĳ𣬻飬ɢԭȵ籩޿ŭţ̽ȥ
ͬǳŲƣȻֳǹֶŻԵץɲǼ䣬ƾճһֻ޴Ͻɫצ·֣ɢżΪֲɱ¾֮ͻ֮ץ顣
ͬʱֵֻУһϵġ⡱ֽͷų˿ֲķ֮
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һΣֻ̍Ӱʮ֮ԶϢвȣɼһ㡣
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𣡡
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ϧĸо޷赲ǹ
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574 ֮̍
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ϽɫǹȴǰԵ֮һʮɳĺ쵽˶̍£ɱ¾֮鲼
ʱǾ޴ĻҲ˵֮У츲ǡ
찡ôôֲ
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ǣû죬ֻ˵̾ϢģҲɫ԰ס
֪ǿ֪Իߣԣ̍˿ֲĹп׶༪١
ǣлһ˿һ˿ҡһ˿⣬ͬעⳡսļҲˡ
Ϊʵ˽Ķ̍ǾɲΪԼ׿Ի죬֮У췣ɱ죬ôɱ˶Է
¾µδ֪ʱԪľ޴˲ᣬ֪ʲôԣΪ־塣
ΡΡվֱ壬һѵҩȻһؿԶĹ档
⣡⣡⣡
ϤĽŲٶ𣬶ֱ̍ˣһشûģס˸ս
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ģôܣôֲ֮£ˣ𣿡
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ǿˣȻڴ˿̱֣ңǲң꿴죬һãһĸо
Χļˣſˮж˼ּɵ˵ҿҲʶҲûгԹȻĹ̶ˣ
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ͬţΪλôĲడϹ翮̾
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ԣʱĶ̍չֳǿԼǿĹ
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Ȼͷ״̬ǲ˼飡ȴҲЩź
һս»Щˣ
˵һ֮ϿԷӳӦǿǹ֮ˣΣˣ
ǰѵƺʥֲ
˵ǹ֣

⾳ͻ֮⾳ڣ״߷ԣʥͷų˼ΪֲϢǧɷΧ̍ǳһϵ飬ֻӣаĹâѪ̰˲
ױɱ
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սУһ㾪ȴεΪ׳۵ľ֮ɢйսߵסˡ
ЩսϽߣսɨ˲ˣǣǸ޲ȫڸղһĻս֮С
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ֹ˼Ϣһ̾Ϣ𣬽ţ̾ϢӦ
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ʱȺֻ̾ϢûѾ֪ôȥǱԼĸпһоڲС
ɳɢȥսƽϢˣǣʱȺȴͻȻɴ۾һֲ˼ı顣
Ϣ֮˷ˡ
ܣⲻܣһҿˣ
ģôȻû£
ѵʵΣôսл
⡭һж˯һǵң

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Уֻһѳڵϣֲ·һֲֻĴҪһ㡣
컺ȻǱǣȻû
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֪̍ˣˣҷɢ
Ļ˶̍壬ûߣǣĵȻǶˣղŵִݻ̺ŵԶ̍꣬޷ѣ˲䱻


575 
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ǣ֮ҲиԵƣ磬ǹűеƺţǹȻıУ֮УȴһƬһ߹Ĳ֡
ʱɢżΪֲϢܲȶ쿿֮ʱһͻֻһ޵˻˲ڿգͷų棬ûһΪԵӰһ˫аӽض졣
һ仯Ѫӵ̣Ҳסˡ
ʱֻǵӰˣӣɱҵӣϵ£Ľ㣡
һȴûаֵľ⣬ֻüͷһ壬ǹһصӵţ
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˲䣬о쬵ģɫһ죬ץһ֮еɳԼΧȻʩչڰ⾳˵Ұóһµ¿㣬Ѹٴϡ
ʱ췢ģһҪԼһƷ׵·Ȼÿδս֮ԼĽߣ˿ˣղһ˫۾ԼܳԿ
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ͰѾȫ𾪵ˣǷ·һ㣬δʶ˼ʮʱ֮꣬Ȼֲʵ
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ΧȺˣ۲ϣÿһ˶ǶʵţһЩСе˷һ𣬶Աš
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ǣ˴ο췽ŵĿֲһս֪Щ飬ŬˣҲһܴﵽ磬ȷʵܴ
߰ɣˣǲ𣡡÷䳾̾һȻתһ֮ԭվĵطȥ
ȻЩǣս֮׳ĬˣϹ˽÷䳾ȥ
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^˵˭ǿ˭һ˺Ȼ
֪δ֣˲°ɣӿֲҲ˵̾һ֮ǶǼǿĶ֣ϣǵĵˣ

Ͷ̍ĴսѾʱˣǣЩĿ˼Ҵս˵һƺδҲ·Ǹոչȥɻڻ֮С
еĿ˵һսӡļ䡣һЩʵڶ˵ǿߣҲӴսлǳ
ȻսĹʮֶݣǣ˵ı֣ȴǸеһΡ
Ƕ̍ʱ˵һϵ֮ʱ˶ԼãĿֿĻԵ
ʱ죬ȻѾΪ˳ϵĽ㣬غڱȽƫƧȴǣȻǽ󲿷ֵĿˡ
첢δ˷ϣڵأתָžпݽߵ޸Ŵս֮Ĵˡ
աתϢ֮붨״̬Ŀֻһ˿עΧı仯ͦԱߣΪ
ܶ˿ʱ״̬ҲػСȴû˸͵Ϯ
Увϣ첻Ҫţ˵һвоһЩСһٮٮߡ
ҲһЩû뷨ţԼĽĶǿߣЩţϣնɱΪ֤
ʱܰȫһЩѾһ㶢
ʱȥˣ˲ɢΪֲϢֻͣ˺ܶݵʱ䣬ʧˡ
컺۾һ˿ϽɫĹâͬʵһ㣬ȺЩĻߣ˲оħһ㣬ס˸սͷתԶ
첢ûйЩˣȻϬɨȺ󣬱㿴ˣϢһѪӱԵɱ¾֮
˶پΧ߹Ŀ⣬⼸ʱﵣѡ
Ļĵû⣬ȴ˷ܲѡ
Ҫ֪˶ѪӱġǰѪУɢŨŨĽ⣬Ľ˵ǿĻԵһҲûڵأʶƮУ״̬
ϸزԺеġʱΪѴ֮۷壬һɿ֮֮лס
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΢΢һЦС磬⽣ҵĿ֮һ
׼ˣ˴ֱ࣬ȼ߹һֶֻ壡ĿɨˣһȺΪ۵ķУ
˵յʱ䣬һ˲ٶ֣оһýģʵ»ҵ֮ϣʱεˣ⽣ҼǰĴУұҪõ
ţҾԤף˳Ըˣͷ
ȻԶɼΪǿϢ֣Ѹӵ̿
Ϣĳ֣˶ûиоЩʵǿĸ֣ȴˣĿѸ۾˳״̬ĵ˲ĬĿϢֵķ
ͰҲһ㶣ϢƺΪ֮ΪһĻ򣬸ѷ֣쿴ҪеһʵС
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ˣŶʵͬȽע⡣ۣ֮üĿ㣬йɼΪɫҲһɹϢ
ˣ˵ȻǳϤҲ޵УФϡ
һˣ˿磬ߣŲӯɺ裬۷Ϊ˵ĸоΪأУһ㡣
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ФϺʹھȺɶԶʱ򣬱ѾʼĿѰˡ
ФƺѰ죬ԣŶʱһ˿ϲ漴Ϊͬʱϵɱ޼ɵԶ˹
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һߣֻоһ΢һǹϮɱ˲ɢʧӰˡ
ʱΧߵĿűԶȺֹͣģҲעеߣݵĳĬ֮Χ֮Ļֿʼˡ
Ҳˣ÷䳾ҲĿ⣬÷䳾ΪģмʶҲ÷䳾ʶΣǣƺ֪ˣɫЩء
ţ䳾֣Ա֮˭УǴߵˣϹ翴˿Σʵ벻Էֿ˿ˣȴһ
ͶҲƺʶˣϹ⣬Ҳеʡ
÷䳾ûǴ𰸣ǽԶԱ֮Ӧʶɣ
飡Ǹͽ˭ʶʱҲ㻹ɱ翴һФϣ۾оǲмһ̫ǸˣԼıǣϴλҪնɱѪǿıķϣѪһˣ
СһȻ˲զأǣһ﷢ҪһЩ÷䳾ʮĮϢӦôǿôأ
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ȷǿһǶʮǿ֮еһԱ˭
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÷䳾û˵صͷ
ǰأϹɫҲ΢ˣ
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ô񣿡֮ƺš
Ȼһԣ̫ˣǹȭŹУʵֲֻܿǣǰһΣûôŨɱ̶̵һ£ôôı仯
ӣǰʶ𣿡֮˵
ҡҡͷʶ˵󣬺һˣ


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ǰѪһˣɫҲˣԼһ̳Ĭƺ˵Ҫء

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еĿģȴǲ˴ҵģԣͣһ£漴Ųȥɱڣ·߽Զ˸ս뿪
޵н󣬷·Фϵĸһ㣬ǣûΪΪе߶޵кͰοеǡ
ʮϢ֮ФϺ޵վǰɴԹ޵񣬷·ҪԵһ㣬޺޵ص죬ּˣѷˣ
һ˻ȻԶ̾ееı˵ãÿһǶǿߣЩ˾ãЩȴ֮
쾲ؿһ޵УĿͣФϵϣӵÿ죬лվǰ
㡭Фŭģһʱͨ졣ղĻ·һǣʵȴôͷߵġ
վڣФϸ˼ɣɱ糱һ죬
仰ʱǰ˵ң˻ǿǣȴˣ쵭ؿһФϣ
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ֻǣûзФѾˣŭСӣ˳ԲѷĪɣ
ɫһͣüͷ΢΢𣬿죬֣Сնɱ˴ˣǧҪԹҰ
ͷ⣬Сˣ˭ɱˣΪף
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Σգ˿ФϴʧɫεĶʵ̫ˣδӦ޵е𣬱оԼļһƻУб˳ȥ
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˲䱬ɢһȭһĺۼФϣȴǱɿֲˡ
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ղŵļ򵥽֣޵еʵҲ¹һ޵еʵԱȱϿҪǿ
ŵһɵӰƺ󣬵ǣǿУȴܲ׽ܶõϢ
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һص湻̽˶ᱻƭ꿴޵У۾΢ܸо޵ˣʲôıƵġ
ǣȴ˵ˣε֣û֮ǰǳսʡ
춢޵У޵Ҳ죬˵Ŀ·һ㣬ȴ֪һ㡣
ܸӵĸоܹ죬ֻǿ߲Żһָо
֣
ȷ˵һҵ˶ֵĸо
ӽСľν᫿ԳΪֵˣʱûС
ս죬СкͰʸ񣬵ǣȴѣ⣬̍ʵȴǲá
ڸű֮޷ΪصĶ֡
ʱ޵У췽Ÿоߵ꣬Լ㹻Ӻɱ
ֻǣȴЩԥˣ
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ʧܵͬʱڵŷԾĽ
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죬ɫˣЩӣǰеĽŲҲԱˡ
գûߵǱߣѡһƧĵطһˣ
еʱ絤һۣõУ֪ߵ磬ǼįģΨе飡
ԴһδܵķڷʱķٳɳȻ֪Լ뵱ʱ죬ŲСĲ࣬ٴμ죬ӡ֤룬ԣԷſԼȥ˱ȡ
˵ϳһȷľջľ飬˫˵Ĵš
Ҳ΢΢ȣڵϳʱѾע⵽˶ԷҲӵϳϸܵ붫̍һϢȻΪǣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ϳδز綫̍
С翪Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ÿһȴž޴Ľֽ궼δظϵϣ鿴ʯϴĵϳ̾
ţʹȻͷӲпᣬѪȣɳٶȲĻֻΪƷ׸أ
ԴʼȻԴûйĹעǣΪһźܶ಻Ͳϴһ𸳺⣬༸ˣҶսʤȻ̾ǣտһǲò¹Լ츳ʵ츳Ǻǿǣı仯𾪰
˶ѣ츳˵κ⣡ֻʵҲ΢΢һ̾
ԣ˵磬Ӳθ͵
Զʱʱǿ֣߳ý֮ǰոӻԾ
ﬡﬡ
ʴһս֮˷·ڰ֮⣬ǣսϢȴ쵽Ѫӱߡ
Ϣ֮󣬽սϢԽԽǿңʵͨߣоһɼΪѹֵϢӹЩʵǿߣнԶ˸˷ܵĹâ
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ʮϢ֮˲ȫ˽ս˫
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ս֮ˣȴһı䵶ͳĵԵȴɭ䡣
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ˣ˵ǱȽϤǳֽ֮ˣȻ𣬶ǳֵ֮ˣǾ鵶𸳡
ղ˵ʵԵĽʱǣϢжϣǱȵϳҪǿһ㡣
һڹУȴ˵ԣεؿ̾һ
ڽϵ軹ԣкܴĻ뽣򰡣ο۾΢У
쿴𸳣ֿһԶĵϳ𸳵ֲ֮ܿУײħģ
֮мѣǣгɣƻǺܰԵģεɫ΢֣ٶȿ±Ҫ죡
û˵ֻصͷӦʡ
˵û֮ȻѣǷˣٶǱȽϿģгɣһǿߡ

𣡡
гбһһɼǿĻ֮Ӱ𸳡
ɫһı䣬о鵶һһɼΪɭĵԪûγһѾ޴ľ鵶ӰɢɭȻľ֮ϣĽӰն¡

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ЩʵܲˣſڱһѪ
ȺʱˣĹǻԪԷģҪ̺˵ϣ⾳֮ײȻС
һ֮󣬶˼ͬʱʼ˵ڶ
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飡
۵ۣԳһӰСɵĽ⽫ʮɵķΧΪУγһ硣
ŽʩչɱǣѸʹֱָ̳𸳵ļͷ
𸳵ɱ䣬ֶαȽϤԣеʱҲѾʼ׼ˡ
еľ鵶˫ֽգ΢䣬γһžʮĴ󹭡
̶һֲ׵Ϣɢ͸Ľ֮С
ͬʱųɵɱ¾Ϣ˲ͷţ۳һ޴ĵӰ
һ
ɢ˸оһɼΪͷ㿴𸳽Ĺ˲ͷˣһɾǿĵԪֱ£ն
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鵶飬飬Ǿ鵶ⶼϵ϶̍ˣǿ
ҲСɣ鵶Ȼ෴ƣʵʸ񴳽ɣ
˵Ϣȷв٣ȴüλ֪ߵôģ

ǵۣ۾΢Уϳеɫ
޽ģҲ޽ģͬʱʮǿĶ֣ǵھţǵʮǣӸղ¶ʵԿʵȫǰʮ
ԷһҲ˽⣬СɵĻ򣬵ǣԷƺ˻֮ÿһ֮У̺˼ΪֲĴݻ˵Ǹв
ʱڿǣ佻֣˵ʤͺ˵ˡ˵ռԪƣڶԷĵ֮£ƺ˶á
εĽֶ֮һ

ʮɣսʱ򣬿Ծͷš
Ԫ·ն룬ֱ𣬵ݲгһǳĺһɱ¾Ϣ
ĽԪݻ˿𸳵ĵ⣬ķâֱӴ̴գӶĽҲڵһֲĽۣ𸳵ĵӣֲĻ֮ںɱ¾֮
䡭
֮Ѹٵӣ·ιһ쫷һ㣬˵Ļɳŵ֮γһƬ޴ɳ֮Ļ׳ޱȡ


579 ŵ
һ֮󣬶վںˣų䶨ŽĿһ
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Ϣ֮𸳵ɫ΢䣬ڳһ˿ɣ컺ȥ
ȴֱӣһһʩչֱƮ졣
˿𾪲ѣû뵽𽣺;鵶ȻҲʶ
÷磡鵶鴫ɱǣȻ˸ŵʮλȻھ֮󣬴ӸղŵһԱȾҪǿüͷ΢壬ûаսʤ
÷䳾ҡҡͷ־ᣬԳȣСɣҿ²֣
̾һ÷䳾ɫˣǸСʱʵĲһ£ֻǣʱĥµøӷ˶ѣ˶ڳɳֻЩ˳ɳٶȽϿˣ

˰ɣʮ굶
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ͬΪˣȻо˶Էǿ㹻ӡ
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ûһʶˣҲǶԣƿֿ֮˲Զĵϳ˼Ų߹ȥڿϳʮɵƧ֮Լ˸ط۾صš

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Ե𾪲ѣĻп֪ȻгԹ
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ʮĸУĸǸܵѹΪ׵Ǹǿһǿ
ͰΣ༸˽Զ޷ܵŵǿ
ʮźҲܰԵ֮ʱͷţõɳһЩ߶ܲɳһ
ǣЩ˱ŭָʮߴҪǸ
壡̫

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ʮưмؿߵʱߴһͬһ㣬쳹Ѫӵ̡
ţӶ·ǧƳӾ̣ƺƵ
е߶ɫˣ޵СͰεʵǿߡ
ЩߣҲɫ䣬Զǿߵˣ
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
ҲÿһÿһҵĲһɺƵ֮Ԫϯ
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Զɳ죬Яſ񱩵һ춼
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ʮ֮Զʱмˮ˲ڿնһʮɣʮϢȺٶɵľ롣

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Щ֪󣬶Ǵʼ֮ģ˵˰ɣƾ˷Ϊ𣿡βмؿһԶӳͼֻǸ͵Ľѣ㲻жֻȽϺöѣ
ˣҲֻĽ̾һ
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ڣ첢һǴΪдԼ似


583 ĶԾ
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ǽӰȻӳͼ޴󣬵˿ǽϵķӰȻһԼķ࣡Щӵؿ죬Ƿؿڵġd֣һ֪һ޵Ƿڹ似
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Ϊòʵ̫ˣֱӽ˲˵ӵһ档
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Ӿлߣ˲һڨڨȻ̬ǾԲ뵽ƺ׳ײջһ
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ʱУȴɫ£ϵƽˣӳͼҲʧˣ֮󣬲³һֶŰʥ٣
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ԴźصΪҵӳܹʤ㣬ȴⷬ󣡴˴ζԾƾУ֪ҵĹԪꪣǷսʤֻ٣
֪ҡҡͷƺûȤȥ˼Щ
ҵһԣнضŰ
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ãһУһоʤдϲŨŨϲһӣһѰ˳ĹꪳС
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ŰԶв³һڵ棬ɫЩأ֪һǿû˿ʤĶ֣δ·Ӽա
ʱǰӵԡ
磡û°ɣЩĵؿУеص
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ţһ㶣˳Ŀ⣬켸ˣ漴üͷһĸ
·ұߵǸ۵ģ᱾ףʱȴмеɱԭβϡ
Եļ꣬ʱһ󾪾壬Ȼ㻻һŭ顣
е۾΢죬ϸûһ˿ߵϢȴʮֵĹŹ֣һ˵ĸо
Ҳ˰ΣҲ޷оϵϢʱŽĿƵϣüͷ
ɲΪͰβߣƾ˵Ϣ֪޷͸ĶˣֲżΪϢ֮
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ҡҡͷǸŮӣնɱʦֵֻǸ
֪ˣеͷ漴ӣ߱ߵȥ

ɣ˵鷳ˣⶫմԶҲ㲻ģ켸Ȼܵм˵Ŀ⣬쵹ЩΣֵ̯̯
аУǿҲᣬЩص
һĵƽĲ
ˮڣ¿ɲķ񣡡εһЦ
ǺãǴˣ΢΢һЦΣ
𣡱𣡴סֹס죬椶ӣһһʼˣԼծԼҿɲܣ
ǳ˳飬װŭһ漴ĿǿӰܸоѾĵͷųƣѹԼ
죡İɣͣǱ㣡ҾͲţлǼĶ֣Ҳоͷųɱ˽ⲻŰο
ģӦļЦŵ
˿һ켸˵ķƶʱԶ𾪲ѣв˸տʼΪһˣֱɱʱ˲סˡ
ţȺ۷׷ס
кϷʼˣ
ɣеĿƺ죡


585 һƵķ
ģСǳ˱ӵ˰ɣΪԼ˧͸۸ˣҵżҿŰ
ˣ˰Ե²ǵ֣
ҲΪϣԼ˿԰ﵽ
ˣ壬Ҳꪳɳˣ

ɣָ۶УǣΪᱻŰɱֻСΥĵؼʤ
ⷢһУȻǱ˶עţʱע⵽켸˵ӰгһԻ
˭һӵ̣ȷֵı޵УŲǷеˡ
һˣҲʮ۵ģϾʮǿ֮еĸ־һ𣬲עŽвء
ǣвٵʱˣȻûз⼸ˣֱϡ
Ŀ˰εϣܵһּΪϢȻ޷͸Ϊ磬ǣܸоһ֡
Īһɻ˲뵽˲ǰгְǸˡ
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Ф϶ԭ޵еľٶʮֲ޵в֮飬֮䣬һ˿ҡ
񷬿ɱڵسȥĻϲ޵еֹФȴǺܲмҲܲص֣вĶ֣
޵еؿһФϣһ˿мʵФϺģֻҵ˽ǳԣкܶ飬ǻһֻФ̫ˣԼһ𣬱ӵͬʱЩԶˡ
һФϵĻ㲻мؿ˶Էһۣǲǣ֪
ߣҵǾпնɱ죡ǿ󣬵СһмĶ֣˵˴Фһ˿񣬲԰׵ԵЩԵͳɳƣ·˻һ㣬ǷҪֱɱҪԶ֣ϵһһظҪʬڣʬҪܾĥ
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һߵǰɴлû˵ǼͬŵʦֵȴǿˣǸɵֱָ֮꣬죬Сӣû뵽ôͻɣÿ˿һٸͷǿЩ
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еüͷȴ⼸˵ΪЩЩΧ۵ߣȴȫסˡ
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Ⱥ֮ͽûΧ˵Ϊڼеʦֵܣȱ˸һȣûҪǱˡ
ʱҲˣҧűݣ죬˵Ҹʦֱģڵˣ
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Сģһãʱ֪Լж϶ôף˼㲻ԼĶ֣Ҳһ֡
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ǰͦŵͷʬ壬һƣ궼ɱˡ

֮󣬾֮еڷӦˣѪȲų棬еĻֺһľ𣬳״˳ϵ
㡭ɫޱȣе뻳УذοȻ죬Ҳɱ֮


586 ս
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Ⱥˣʲôطϲ֡УһǺճǿߣһСԺյľ֣˶˵սСУǴ֣οһͻȻɱİΡ
нضŰΣһ˿أǺˣΪң
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нضŰΣӢմʱȴԵЩеɱ·һֻצĹ֣޲Σ˺顣
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εؿһУ˫ֱ󣬴ݵΣ
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εĶӣһصһ۰ΣҼסˣ
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Ȼע⵽ЩоһߵǼעսߣóһռֱָӵУҶʤһƷʯ
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עˣǺ˰һȡƷʯεؿһԼռָߣ
ŷӦͷӦáҲ㽫ռָЩ°Σȴַ졣
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Χ߿һĻŨṴ֮̃⣬Ҫ֪СУȱľԴ
ǺһһǰעлʤŹϷְεһƷʯ
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յӰ죬Ҳ˼֮У󣬻Խ̸鿪ˣҪҲԣ֧ɣ
𸳶һۣе¶һ˿Ц⣬⣡
漴һͬŲӣŶսȥĿһͰϻһЩʯҲȥԣ
һȥɣұȽûʯӮҲ࣬Ҳ٣Ҫ֧һ죡һظֱӣĺ棬ս

ڵľ磬ΪСһУģǾͨˮ֮Ȼǰ벽۷Ļ
ͬʱҲ˷֮⾳оųɵĻʹźܶ󼰵ѸƮݡ
֮⣬Ŀеľǿߣ츳Сɱ¾⾳оųɵĻʹս˼֡
ڿл裬ֻεĳ򣬼Ϊݡ
ʮϢ֮֮ǰս̍ĵطĴӣüͷ΢о̺һ˿֮ɱ¾֮һЩϢ
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ԶԼʮ֮⣬ջɫñָǸӣиӣĹأ㰹
쵹û˵һƽޱŭеĻ˿еİ
ֻǣսȴ۷׷ף겻ѣһȻĽڼʱǰһʾǷսı־
뵽ʱ֮ȴڸԼķĹ
ڴӾлˣΪһŮӣôŰ裬ĻǴģѪȵһƣվͷӰ
ʱŴվǰǵӰ̲סţŸս޲ʤʵɴھ֮С
ʦãĪҪģʦһǱѩ޵ģһﲻк³ģһĲѵͬŵӸĺ󱳣οš
ǰʦãʦѾСѡĹأ㿴ǴӣƣǱСˣ˾ռôһأһƺЩӳû͵ΪҲᣬο
ҿͱҪĹˣСУ˭֪˯ĹصʸûУһߺš
Զԣֻ׼

ڣڵлعᣬģɬߺ޵صԶ죬ɱһҪɱ
ʱȥƽ˵뷨˿һƽŲԶУ֪ԷƣȴʱԼһ
һҲģ·һЩǳأڸܵеƽ۵۷ʱҲͷųԼơ


587 ŭ
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ȴЩ㣬ԼսߵĶѾͨ˿ӵеģЩ˿һӣҲ޷ﵽľ
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ʱס췢ʣ˭棿
żȻǸǿĽޣǸ֮ϵĽߣȻֻԶսʱ֪ˣһ֮УԼ޷սʤĴڡ
ˣǻһǿߵĹ¼֮Уż죬⣬˭棿
ֻǳһ˵ʵЩԼǰеߣ˿ûзϣֱտ˰˵սƽ֣ǣսֻʤûƽһ˵ңһսУ΢·硣
˵ʵԼǿһЩ
ԸˣǳصĴֻǽһתΪԼĶ
Ȼεĳ֣ͷȣ
һ˲䣬ЩԼʵˣ
бһԹŭ֮޷йӰľħ
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һͼڶγ˵Ұ֮У˷·Ǵ˼Ѫһ˷ܡ
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⻹㣬ɾǿŭ֮Դݿ֮ƣϯУİӳͼ׵ı߽⡣
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ˣǱһ˿죬˫¶˲ŵľ֡
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СΪؾżȻҪߣιһЦ죬ͺ󱳣Ľصл˳ܶ࣡
Ǻǣ֣Ǽȥ⽣򰡣΢΢һЦȤ
⻹Ϊǿ췣ܵסξһ뵽쵱췣ĺɱ£Ȼ̬Ľѡ
ⲻһдϢܲһСģᱻֱĨɱ꣡ҿɲҺҡҡͷһתЩҵһԣһҵ
˵䣬ԶһǿϢ֣һ˵עʵ
Ϣ֮󣬱㿴߳Ⱥӿд󲿷壬֮ࡣ
ЩߣͰһۣĬ
⽣֮һȷѪĻս˭õĴУǣ̫ˣ΢΢һ̾ЩȻ


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˵ǹĹԿ⽣֮УôȻôһԿף϶쳣ΪҵѪսˣ
쿴ŵ㽣ǼȭͷһСĹţӦþǹĹԿװɣȻһѣȷʵ˷֣ЩʸеĽޣ鷳ˣ
Ѿ׼ԵΣպܶʱǰһģɫ΢ϵȷʵͻԳš
ţȻɫ΢䣬üͷ΢΢𣬿Զһ򣬲֪˼ʲôˡ
Ȼ׽״漴ʶǸȥȻԳ˾ȵɫ죬Цŵ֣ܹ°ôǵľˮƽأ
ת磬ЦŵүʼңЩţҵĵˣ
Լһɫ΢䣬ɻʵ֣гˣ
ͷǰɣ
˳Ĭ㿪ڵֵʵӦûʲô⣡
ʶչ̽һ޼һȻԪ֮󣬵ʵһӣлҪѶԸ
һ޼еȻʵҲ֪Էǿ
ɣѰգѰһǹеɱһ˲罣Χ˲һɺ⡣

޼һͷųԼɱ·һͷϹ޳ˣ˵עȥ
޵УǰֻУڿ޼ʱ򣬶üͷ
ְڿˣ޼ǹ̤ɨһȺսĿͣڽӽ֮ϣ΢̣¶һ˿ΪаЦݣ촽΢·˶ܵǹɼΪ԰˺ǲʡ
޼㲻Ӧƺ޼йڣϵɱεϯȥ·Ҫ޼˺顣
ȥãƾ㳤޽Щ߹޼ЦܿΪмɨһˣ
еɫЩѿȻ޼֮ǣҲΪɵϾԷʵȷʵҪǿǣһ޼ΪԿأŭ䲻Ķ֣С磬ǿǹģڣ
ǲӣҪȹ֪˵޼ĿͣȺеİϣֿ˿޵Уе֮⣬Ρ
еû⣬޵ȴһ۷ɱ¾⾳ͬһԷصòҪңǹδϣ
һȺȻˣ֪޵ǿˣһ֮Ҳ˵ٶˣ޵еʵֻǽ˰Ƚϵġ
湻Եǹǰ棬ƺδ䵱ɶ֣
ҿЩǹ±ǹҪԺգ
ҿȻ޵ǰһƴʵƱлҪǿһ֣
Ҿû޼ǿ

ߣ޵УʲôʸΪʵ˾ƮƮȻˣ޼ǰǿ˶٣޼аһ˿壬ϴɵĻ⾳ʩչݾųɵĺ⾳޵еɱΪмص
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ΪиǿڣһС֮ǰ㷢˭Ҷ޼壡ɫ΢΢ЩŭΣһû˸޼ˣһˮǿһ㣬˾սǿı㱻նɱǿֲնɱֻܽŭ븹У䷢𣡳һõ˲Դ֮츳ڣԲŽɿ죡ֱĳ֣һһЩӺײеƷȴһҲûб䣡
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Ȼ˶ĻЩ󣬵ǣһ㣬޼սԥؽնɱ

޵еĻ޼ʵҲΣ̫谮Լ˵ľٶȻȫˣȴܾ˱˵ıӡ
ǰûھͲһˣʵԱˣ֮ǰȴ׽ˣȻĺ޶ȣǣҲԼĽϣ˾µʵı
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593 Ѫɱ¾
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仰㴫ݳһϢ޵޼ڡ
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Ϣ֮޼ջĿ⣬ɨһȺԪλѾˣıʹп޵ģ˶˲÷֣ɱ¾ɣɱԼľߣǲлõıõУ
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Щ˲ɱ¾⣬ǣ˲ᣬѪܵķϮ
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ʬɽʶУսڼţµѾʮˣһ֮ˡ
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ˡ
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ʲôǽģĸĽⶫ˳
ڵ干֮
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ڱǺܾǰȴΪ̫̣˺ܶɱš
Ӵ֮ڳʷĽɡ
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ڴսбƾʧˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥĶˡ
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£ȷʵ
սˣҲòȥʮЦٲѡ
ֻǣȻȻܲŲʣкߡ
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ң˵۾ſеﲻͣ߶ʲô
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кһֲʶֱӽ
ʺڵʶѹʹֹͣĶɫ䣬һ˫ͻԾ֣˲ܻˣƺѰԴ
ʶ֮ˣ֮Ϊȴſ龳ڵʶǱͨǿһ֡
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ˡ
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ֻеĵȥˡ

Ϣ֮ǹɢȥεķٶһЩ
˿ͨǣʶѷ⣬ȻʶǹԣⳡսѾڲľء
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Ȼǹ޷ֹͿ


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ﬡ
һƳĽײƺ޷ֿӰĹֱӵɳȥԶ
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٣ڣǵϽâü֮ǰ˴һȻ󣬱㿴üһѪ쮳бû˹ʣ棬ʬ֮С
ʬԣ΢΢̾һռָתʱķȥ
޼һ˿еǹٶȷתߵļһɱ
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ʬɽѪѪƯ֣Ƕһ㣬ȫԵɱţԶǲϣԶʱ򣬱𾪺Ϳ־壬Ҳɻ󲻽⣬Ϊʮᷢôֲľٶأ
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֮ģǹһһɿֲĻ֮ɢǹԪһŮӴȥ
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һϢǹԪԷĽԪײûһ˿㱬ɢ
΢ݣϵظһ֣ţɫ䣬ΪоԼһɺǿĽˡ
еǹһ㣬ͷ滨ǹԪţѤޱȡͬʱһɹǿĺϢӡ
Ǵɵĺ֮Ԫڣγһ磬ҪԼĺԷĽ⡣
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Ǿþ뽣ʮˣǿϧǣˣӱĽҪΣǧٱ
ʵҲ˶Դû뷨ǿ⽣ıߴк󣬵ǣǵûҪΪԼ
Ҳۣʲô

Щ˲ǽޣԽĴи⡣
⽣бûǵĶ
ʵ⽣УȻǽĴУűеı
ΧĽֻһĵؽ׽ǣԽƷԽߡ
ܶţǽϣʥڣпܻ
ȻҲ˵һء
ԣһȺӿ뽣㣬нٶȱԭȵҪ졣
ǵЦ˺ܶ࣬ԣߵĸԶˣ
˵Ⱥ壬нӱصʱѾʣʮˡ
ǲûʶΣգһĿɵϲС
ֻǣһ˿ϲδͣã˲㽫Ǵ̳˿ȻʬѪӡ
ʱ˲ʶ˽ӵĿֲ֮㣬Ϊա
ȻⲻֹŲɣ֮ͣ׷׳˽ӣ˵Ⱥ壬Ҳ𽥱ǧ˵Ĵ顣
һ߾ʬ뽣ӣһ򽣺ӣ֮ɱ¾Ҫҡ
ȥˣѾ˳˽㣬ǣ뽣ӵˣȴˣܶڽмֲϢֻм˲ſԼϢϣȻЩˣĶˡ
ǣ˿ûнᴫеǰͺ̵ӿ˽ӡ
ʱһĹȥˣʮӰ˽֮У൱ҡ
һЩʵȴ츳Ϻöһ˿ĽޣߵԶģҲֻڽӵһʮɶѣҲ޷ǿٷ򽣺ȻĽǡ
ֳ棬﷢飬ѾвʶôǷֻν
һԣ
ʱȺһֻһӰڿնŽӷȥ
һҪʱֻǻȻǿ˵ʱ򣬱ֹͣ˳һڴԶȥӰ
УȻ
찡޽ڳˣ
ʵĸִȥ֪
Ҿ÷лñϾ˽ľǿߣ
˵ۿ˭ҲۣϾ⽣Ǻܾ֮ǰżҲˣ
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600 ޽
ֹЩһߣЩǿҲгڴȻһء
Ѫӵϣֻмٵ˲Żһɵ顣
÷磡ûаմȥ翴ŷеıӰһ˿ʣ
÷䳾ҡҡͷҹڵһУǰʮɣ
ʲôộֹ磬ϹͶҲʧ
û취ҲǽޣʵǿҲ޷ֵôкͽѹ÷䳾΢΢һ̾Щʧص
˱ĬˣǶǽޣĿģȻлýеֻҵʵѾ߽е󣬾ǵ㽣֮еľŰѹĹԿףҲûлȥˡ
ϧˣôҪĻᶼʧȥˣϹ̾һЩΡ
ͶɳĬ飬ƺϹһ顣÷䳾ȴûˣԵǣĹԿǻлģ
Ŷ˻һ㶣漴һּС
ֻҪЩǿĽõԿףǸõԿףǱһȥĹˣ÷䳾һЦ
۾һ˲任һϲɫ÷䳾Ļе
Ϣ֮󣬶ƺʲôĻǴӦ𣿡
Σֲ÷䳾ڣȴɲˣǰУ޼ǿߣŮӺͰԼһʶˣӦˣӦĻɲǣ
ټĹĹһ˿ռеģǽȥҲһõ˵ᱻĽƻظɱһЩǿУȫһЩϹҲ΢΢һЦڱԵߵ֮ǿ󲻵ã
ȻٴιЦݡ

мߵ˽ԵŰԶĹӣɫȻƺЩٷеĽӸ赲ǰеĽŲ
˲ͷų˼ǿƣȻ޽ͷţƣȴԵֵסĽ
һ̤˲˽㣬˫ֱ󣬿ͥŲһ㣬ܷ·һһɴСķ֣Щϯȴص⡣
ȥȻǳ޽ģһ֣軹𣿡
ȻھŲģĹҵֻ
ҹƳ޽˽Ӷһ
˵ȻĽֲܿȴ޷뽣ȣο֮ķɽ赲ģ
ǲŷߵڼ㣿
ƿԽڶ㣡

еľٶȻ˵ۣ̬佫˵̾˹ȥǣһʶֲεĶǿǰӡ
ɵĽ㣬ʮϢʱ䣬㱻޿赲ĽŲߵ˾ͷǰ֮ĽͷųԼ򵽵ĽɰĽ⣬˲ûһɫĽӰտ纣ʮߣֱָʡ
һӰһ֣Ŀ֮̾
Ⱑ⻯ΣѾСɵĻˣ
ǳ޽ֻĽޣƲܵõУ
ֻ˰ɵĽ⣬֪ܲܽ뵽һа

еĽ룬˲˽ӵ򣬵һеĽ·Ǳĳֿ֮ţնУǣЩһеĽ⻯֮Ӱ·ţ뺣һ㣬ûӰϢȴһּΪ΢ǿ
սΪã׳
˲䣬ЩǿߺͽԺгĴ𰸣еľٶ⣬ʵѾ׼ˣ⽣֮еĹԼĽ⣬ȻЧɺԣûС
Ƿ޷뵽ĽӲУȡǣΧӲУЩԼ衣
Щٷеڿһɲľʱ򣬽ԶƫԭȷеĹһȥƹ˷֮ȴֻص˱ĹС
һĻЩ޽ߺЩϵ͵߽Զпǧ⽣򣬹ȻΪ׼ģһΪ츳׵Ľ޶
ǣЩֱȥ͸롣
ǰеٶȲûڽô죬һɵٶȻǿԱ
⽫ʮĵһӣٶȣҲҪʱ䣬οԽ棬еĽԽܣȻٶȡ
ģеٶȻˣһϢһһɣ˿̵ڶ㽣ӣвʮľ롣
ʱһЩĽ⣬ʵĽվסˣΪǲ編ߵԶڵһ㽣ս׳Լܲɣ
ԣһӰ̤˽ӡ
Ȼ編ǿ󣬵ʮȺУʵεģе˰ɽ⣬еȴһɰĽ⣬ལУǲˮƽˡ
뽣㣬ȻƷһҲ˳ȻտʼʱǱóԼıУݺϮĽǽ뵽һ㽣ӵʱʵĲԳен˰ɷΧеڽӱء
Щ˵Կԣûǿ룬ͣ˵۷彣⣬޾Ľ
еƺܵϵĽ⣬ûгǣ˹ȥе˽ǿЩ߱ƹЩˣȴŵóһ亹
ؾ֮У·˸״̬
һٶ˲ȼལ궯ģǺɵس˽ӣֹסе̰Уԣ˳ڽֻǿԽԼļޣնɱ
ʱѾ˵ڶ㽣ӱԵֻҪһԽ뽣෴ĵڶ㽣֮У｣Ϣһ㲻ͬΣգҲˣ
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Ȼ󣬱㿴ܶ͸Ľ׷ɵѩһ㣬ӿһϸСĽ
ɫ΢䣬ȷʵΣңϵĽϢһת˲䣬һɸΪǿĽϢӶûܵǵɫӰøˣϮĽɣеϢҲԭķԴһЩ
ܶ˶һĻֻ֪ʩչ˸ǿʵ֪ô£ֻЩǿĽ޺Ͷǿ߲֪
Ȼʵŷ˲Ϣ󣬻εĽҲ࣬̾һеսƺԽԽʢˡ
СɵĽ⣬һﵹһǸߣȴһƽ֮һսѷʤ
£սҲ£һﻹֶΣɫȻ


601 йඥ
ȿɣ⽣֮У̫࣬˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô⣡ҲһĵȻģѿԣһȱ֮һ֮
ֹ֮ɫˣεɫҲޱȣ죬ɻôѾ˵似
ģûһʶҲʩչ𣿡һ̯֣ϵģֻеؽƷףģҲ似
ŶؽףһǵؽףƺЩɣȷʵ˷ܲѣľ磬ҲǺ
ϹŵĶɵĻ似ֽͬƷ׵ĽҪһЩҾǿպһ°ɣοһ죬һܳԿ顣
žһĹ֣Цһװ
ǺǺǣԳԭΣٴȥ֮ǱɵӲŲҪأɣ
쵭һЦռָóһһ¿̹ļˡ򣬵ҪĶԸƣ
ͰԼ˷ܲѣȻǽޣҲýߣѧ֮ʵо޴İġ
𸳺鵹ûʲô뷨ϾǲǽޣЩǺ

дʱٶ֮ǰ࣬һϢһһɣ֪ǹУԽģıѹ衣
ɫǵȻһֱнʮ֮ٶٴμˣʼһһˣͬʱϵȴԽԽǿˡ
Ⲣʵıǿˣ⽣еԽԽòǿƣֲѹ
֮ĽУߵ˵㽣ӵıԵʱķУƺЩƣҲ֮ǰֵȻˡ
أվ˺ܾã·˼ʲôռָóһѵҩ£ԪģͬʱóԼ彣ǰѴĳ޽
ʱеĽ֮ɫȥˣӷеľٶУ֪·ĶǿߣҲҴ⡣
֮󣬷Ȼ˽Ų˵㽣֮С
˲䣬Ľ΢΢һͣȻּٶƺ֮ǰҪһЩ
ͬʱһصϢ£޾Ľ·ǧʸһ㣬еͬʱжҲٻ·˼һ㡣
ʱϾһƬ֮ɫɣ۵Լ۷壬ȻȫԪ֮һߵֲֵĽһ߼ѵǰ
ʱ֮ǰԽ޼ɵսĽ⣬޷ϮĽ⾡յģңٶȱǰҪܶ࣬ҪԼĽЩɱ
ﬡﬡ
𣬷мѵڵ㽣֮УϢһһһɣģĲˣһֻߵľ롣
ǰԶ·ֻ̣Ϣ̤һһȴǲߣŲˡ
壬ȫҽΧˣһĽΧγһʮɸߵ롣
ʱѾȫеӰˣǣ˶󵽣ھĿ飬Ѫӵϣˮͽֻˡ
ÿһ˵ɫޱȣǶԤŽᷢʲô
֮һźȻ˷ڵ֮Уһžĺӵ˲ˡ
ԿףĹԿף
ģеãĹԿ׾ȻԶ͵ˣ
ȥΪɶɵ֮أ
ǼˣСʵǿҲõûߣ⻹𣿡

ȺһЩεҡҡͷɫ
ȴб죬л˵ȴ˵÷䳾֪Ǽʣ
ǷŭĿѣаţΪηлô׵صõĹԿףԼµģǶԷȡ
һ䷨б򽣴ģһȺеЩǿĽ޿ȥģ˷Щ˶õĹԿףĻԼǰһˡ
Ȼ֪Ҳ˲ȥ˽⣬ȫѹʱһŴǰɵس֣˲佫ץС
ɢȥһһСУؽײɣƺǱУ̳ơ
˲䣬һ˿ϲ֪СЩǽ޵˵ĿꡪĹԿף
ûж룬нռָս״̬Χķɽͽš
ǰȥˣǰʮﲻ·̣ܵ˲ɢܵɽΧճһһɴС޽ռ䡣
ˣ
һһ׹ͻȻ֣иǣһɼΪǿҹĽƾճ֣֣ţʧ˵Ұ֮УֻһɫĹڵ㽣֮Уһ嫵ӿš
ඥඥ
Ȼξгúӵϵɫһͣ漴䣬
ඥ͸ߵඥһĹ䡣ԽԪ֮ߵ壬ʹ侳Ϊ⣬Խ־Ϣߡ
ģȻǽеĹඥҲǽĹඥ߿Զʱ̳ʹܵĽԽΪһЩ
ȻͬĹඥඥΪǺܴ󣬷ҲԼС硣
ңඥҲб׶˵ģ
ඥߣʵˣȴȶĿҲǺǿҪȵĴȶ
ˣ˵һĻԵ
죬Ҳһ㣡
ʱ˶֪ѾõԼĽС
Ľʺޣ
ÿ˵ﶼǼ临ӵģ
˵´еʲôΪ磬ΪʣԺܶ˵Ҳһջ飬Ҫ˵Щۺʥˣ
㽣еĹɢϢԽԽǿ·һʣͬʱΧһӰ֣ɢһ
ĪǴ֮е޽⣿ŮϸϸظŹɢϢ
Χһһɻ𾪣ʲô޽⣬ǲ֪Ǵ֮еĽ⣬Բʲôͼ⡣
޽⣡뷨ĽͬһԽԶһֱĬһʶͻȻˣŮӰ֮Զȴ˶С
ʱ򣬺ܶ˶ˣһʶı飬֪޽򵥡
ˡ
ȻеĹͻȻͷųһɾǿϢʹúӵϵ˶ɫ䡣


602 Ĳ㽣
⡭ǡˣ
֮֮Ϣ
ôͽˣʱķУ֪˭֣
ǿ󰡣
ǿ󣡵ûѹǽˣҲһǿһʶ

ŷеľ˵ı鲻һһʶΡŮӺ֮⣬ǿ߶һٴаء
֮ڵΪԷʵĻսȻǺǿġ
ԭȣھŵķУĸȣҪһǣʱ侳սУķУҲûжʤ㡣
񰵺ͬһˮƽߵĸ֣Ⱥмأ
޵սǿһ㣬Ҳһ㣬޼ȴûôǿ
ʱЩĻٻڵߣ
еĹŽ䵭ԿӰƺڹΪ
Ƭ֮󣬹žɢĽ˲佫֣һΣҪɱҪ䴸ȹΪ
з·붨״̬ȫһС
ʱȺʼ궯ڷ׷ײ²⣬˭һõඥǿߡ
ǵУŮ裬̤Žȥ
Ȼ
ʵǿļ֮һõඥ˭Ķ֣
С椣ôƯҲͰˣΪλҪôǿ֪ǸүôãԳΪĵ£
ˣŮӣ϶ЩɵĵӣҵȿԴѵģ

ɫٴˣطѣնΪ˵ġ
ͬΪ֣֪ŮӵĶ֣ԷڽеõеĻζǶԷĵ֡
ֹ𣬾κһʶй뷨˵õпԲ⣬˲ܲ⡣
һսһս֮󣬿ʤ㶼ûˣɫȻ̾һ
ûʲôɵĵģҲ߳һʲôأ쵹ƽؿŮӵӰԺгѵӰӡ
֪Ƿ񰲺ã̾һеɫӼᶨ
ĸܵ΢䣬ĵؿһۣ漴ֻعͷɫҲֻһϢʱ䣬ָֻԭȵ״̬
ŮӴʱѾɵؽ˽㣬ЩͬһĿֲĽ֮ȴɢ·ʷת
ͷųĽ⣬һɺ嫵ĳϫΧӿȥһǧ޾ƿ
糱ϫᲢãĽڷ֮ϣϸŮͷųĽ⣬ɫصص
Ľ⣬С֮ˣҲĳɵĻˣ૵ЩκĽ
Ľޣһʶ֮⣬ɲĽ֮ġ
һ㣬ɵˣҲɵؽ˵ڶ㣬ڶ㣬Ҳ޷赲Ѹ͵ĽŲһ˿ûг֡
֮ȴԶ˽ŲǸĽ߷һ״̬Ȼ̰޾ĽԼĽ⡣
ģ֪УѾ˵ڶ㽣ӵľͷ֮ǰһţͣٵس˵㽣ӡ
㽣֮ٶʱܵ˽֮еѹǽһĪš
ɫˣ֮ϢҲˣһУ˶ˡ
ѵҲֻߵ𣿡
벻ƣҲܵ赲ˣ⽣Ǳȵ컹Ѱ
ԭΪ˳ĲģΣ˵
Ʊȷлõ㣡

۷׷飬ջߵ͸ԤеĽ鲻һǲϣŮߵԶһЩŮߵԶĻǿһ˿ϣҲлߵĸԶ
֮УҲֻ޿κε顣
ǰ̾ʲôûͣأ˭֪߶ԶͻȻʣƺ˵ıֺܲ
Զԣûͣϣ
ԣϣ

˲䣬Ϊ˵һ仰ʰġ
ȻڵУŮӵٶȻˣȴǰ
˵
˵УԽ뷨һľ룬Ÿ
һֱߵĲ㻹֮ԶʱٶٴλˣһϢһһֻ֮Զ
ٶȣԶ۵˵ӦܿˣǶԱ֮ǰٶȣѾ˺ܶࡣ
ݣ
Ȼһͬǻҹգ˵ĿȥŮӡ
ֻһͬ׹ǳԼŮһ㶣漴иֳһ˿ϲɫҲû룬ֶ̧Źһץ
νʧһһСУ
ĹԿף
˲䣬ȺȻˡ
ģĹԿǲɵˣԶģ
ȥûͶ
ĹԿװǹĹԿװ
Ѿˣʣ߰ѣ֪ᱻ˭ȥ

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⣬ǿ󲻵ãһ˰ο
⣡ߣ˵ֻѪſԵõҲ֪ôģŪȻ͵Уô죡㿴Щˣһʵ֮£ȻЩŭʧȥǣôһЩΧɵ˵Ŀȫ˹ȥ
Ϊ֮ƣЩ⽣֮УȡԿףٲãҲҪõһöһ˵
˵Ļ󣬸ƽϢеķŭͷ˵öԣҪ֣ʱȿϾ⽣̫ˣóȻȻòʧ
ţӦʣٴνĿƵ˽֮еǵӰϡ
ŮӵõԿ֮󣬱ɵŵĲ㱼ȥ
֮վ˵Ĳ㽣֮ǰüͷһʱ䣬ȻԼϸһƵϫһķֳܣⰻȻ
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ˡ
˲䣬ǰĲ㽣Ӷݵͣһ£ҷһ֮⣬Щڽɼߣ˲䱻ѣԶܵһɼΪֲϢ
Ҳû룬ѸŽ֮ȥʱĽӣǾ֮ء
ŮӽĲ㽣֮೤ĽӰǵصϮС
ķɽƺ˵һ㣬ҲֹͣתɷΧڵķɽȫ罣һ㣬
ŮɫأеϸǰһһϫһԪӿǰȥĽ⣬ʱҲͷŵԼ۷״̬
ȫʩΪٵǰɱٶԽԽգǿʮ֮󣬱޷ڴˣҲĽӰ֣ʧȥӰ


603 Ž
֮һľ޴Ӱƾճ֣˰Ľ֮УţһĻ˲֣λá
ֹһʱ˺ȻоŮڵĹĻУɢһɼΪǿϢ
˳õ˴УȻǻԵ񰡣̾һ
ϢƺǴ˵е⣡üͷɫ΢
⣿޽ߣ԰˵ֽ⣬Ҳһ֪οС
һʧ˵Ľ⣬Ǵ˵мΪĽ⣡εͷңⲢǽ˾Ϳ߼̳У
Ŷ˻ν⣿ɫ΢ȣɻ
Լ̳ߵҪϸ񣬷齣岻ɣо֪˼ʲô

齣壿Ⱑ벻ʣֲÿվһʶĻɢϢһľȣ
漴ɫָֻԶϢڱǿĹĻĵ齣⣬Ҳֻ֮·ϵĵʯ
һ˲䣬ͷųһĹâһЩĽߣס˸ԶԶԶܿһʶҰֲͱ̬
䡭
ȻһֲϢŮڵĹĻдʹλǿߵɫˣ֮ǰظǶ˼֡
˰⻹˵ã֮˭˿ɵ
֮ڰϢƺûеͷ찡Ҫһ޵𣿡
벻վ۷ģһŮˣ
ҿпͻ龳
ᣡûн׵֮츳Ҳô׵飡

գ˵УŮӵϢ֮ͣڣոչඥõΪȶǣᵽһ˿սʤϢ
һʶǹ°ģҲǼŵģ˰ŴʱһʶǷսʤŮʱȴ¶˵Цݣĵ֮ڣʵҵȷûаսʤǣԵõУҾͲôһ뽣ģһõΪǿĽУԶҵĶ֣

ģŮӵϢȶĻҲɢӰǵҰС
ʱΪҪ̣ԣɴ붨״̬ƾΧĽƺ֪
ʱȺʼһӰ˽ӡ
ЩˣȫǽޣҲ˽⣬ȻɰĻ򣬵ǣǶϣ뽣ӵڶģҲԵǻһЩһЩĽк͹ĹԿס
ҲȥԣڵõеͬʱõһöĹԿףǱǴ׬ˣһ˿ʣŲ̤żһ֣շȥ
һʱ䣬ӿϰˣÿһˣһϵĻֻǿģ
Щ˵ʵ֮ϣǿȻ𣬵Ǿ͵ģҲռ֮һ
ȻŮӣ˳˽֮У߳ɵͣ˵һ㽣ӣǿƴ£ڵõ˴нֻЩ˼޷ܵסඥѹ
ʱȺ侲֪ඥΣգǣкŮӵ˳ǽҪϢ֮Ժˡ
һĻøЩδҴõжûгĽ˾ӡ
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ǣҲǵļ˻ǻԵ񣬵õ˴УɢϢУԿЩУȻǿ󣬵޷λǿߵС
ǶţôῴֵͼĽأ
ڴ˵һջʮĶϣ
ԣ˼֮£ǿ˽Ų򽣺֮С

ʮ˽˵ڶ㣬޷ֲܿͽϮ˲䱻ɱ֮ѡ뿪ڵڶˣһ֮
ˣһһǸۿ켤ս̍İꡣ
ľ£ʵҲ࣬ǣڽϣԲһɰģСɽȣȻǲ硣
ȴǰԶġ
ˣѾͣ˽Ųͽƴţ֮нйǡ
޷п񱩵ֻһ˲ŰȻؽ˴С
ǰʮɣֹ˵㽣֮⣬ǰȻؽС
꿮̾һҿ^츳ЩһһǾ֮ܰ𽣹鴫
Ļ˵꣬һŸõڵڶ㽣ӵõ˽е
ʵѱ棬⣡
ȷʵ⣡֪˭ôδ
ӦǸոСİɣ
Ӧ⽣ŵ洫ӿ^ǰ

һǿߵõ˽У˵ѾˣæͽϮɱ˹ඥΣգԶ˽֮С
ʱȻǽ˵㽣ӡվ濴˴ӣֻΣأԼվ֮ʱһ˵
н˽ʮ·̺𿴵˲Զһ
ĹԿף
˲䣬뵽űǹĹԿסŹŵֻǿûͶ뱧ļ
ԣûж룬ٴο׼ǹŷеķһץ
ݣ
׹һͻһ˲Ϯɫ΢ɱһӣ
ʱǹȷʵˣԶȥ
ߣˣһֶŹһץԪ˲ӿ֣ʹݻ
ʱһţ佫ҪʱĴֽץУһһĶ̽Գ
ӵ𣿡еĶ̽һӽ˿ռָ
һǵĹԿˣ
ϣһɣùˣ
ʣöˣԽԽСˣ

Ľʺ޵ţп಻òͣضš
õĹԿףҲȥ˵۹⣬ȫƴţǰ֮ԶԼһ㣬һ֣ȺѾõĽڽٵϡ
Ȼڵ㽣ӣǣŵĽϢȷеҪǿö࣬ŮӵĻҪԵ
˲Ϣʱ䣬û׵ôһ£оͷһѹӵ£֮£Ҫ㿪Ȼ׺壬ȻữΪ촷ۡ
ֻǣѽʵֲ̫ˣֲ־鶼ҪˣоԴһʹֱӴͷ룬ᴩԼ塣
ϲǣֻһ˲ʹҲû˸оǰƺԼļ׵Ϊһˣָж


604 𽣵
Ϣ֮һɼΪ嫵壬ͬʱһɲҲԼʶ֮С
ֻоԺˡʥĸ֣ƽһ㣬޷
Ȼ𾪣̬ȶתϰġ𾭡ǹɹඥͬʱԺеһɲ
Ƭ֮סˣ漴ϲ
𽣾
ǽʥ˵һɲ˲ʥıѧ𽣾
ʥ˭Ҳ֪𽣾Ҳû˵ǣ⣬ȴ׹
⣬ǽ֮мǿĽ֮һ⣬ɴﵽߵˮƽȻͨԱġ
һ㲻İԵ⣬ʲôĶ֣ڹԼıԣǱĨҲԶ
ǴԵ
ûõн޶ĽС
ŬУὫԼ齣Ϊɣ
һ룬Ȳؽ֮С
ԶǿһУеǿ߶ɫ䣬һʶʱҲһء
ôأ츳ˮƽôܵǿ⻹ǵ㽣𣿡һʶȻĳ֣ʹǷ·بŲģ˲
ԶİΣȴǵɴ۾Զܴе𣬰˲˵һ仰СӼֱˣõ˼ʰ
ԼһԶȻȻоĽڲͬǣȴ֪ʲôĽ⣬εĻǸǼᶨ롣
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ˣСǵ˹ʺˣȻõִУɷҲɷҲη·Ҫ˿ˮһ㣬ضķ
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ֻҪ֪һʥ˶ʵĽˣҶԴҲ֪Ĳ࣡ҡҡͷɫõǿĴУԺ鷳϶٣ֵǣֽ⣬ôڽ֮УӦڽİ
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֮УһԵĽӰ𣬷·Ҫһ㣬ȴʧˡ
𾪣֪Ϊλᷢ󣬺ܶ˶뵽˸ոս׵֮ĪǴйأ
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Ҫ֮ڵʱλãǹɲֹͣˣʱֹ֮ĳڡ
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붨֮š𽣾⣬еĲ⣬ʱȴع侳硣
ͬʱеز𽣣Ҳͷųһɹڴ
кŮӣԼѵģǴһ̣ǽ붨ĥ˳˺üΡ
ģϢƽˣƺѾӦּ尾Ĺ̡

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飡ʶǳ֮ԱΪǾΪȫģȭͨѵ֪ڽ費𣿡
һ治֪

޵һ뽣ӣȺڵøˣľǿޣںܶ˵һޣԣĳòĸ⡣
ǣܶ˻Ǹоѹһȫĸ֣˭˵ǴУ
Ҳֻһʶ컹㵭һЩ
˺ܹ죬ܸоϵɱԺǿο޵ԶȥӰ
ϸоһ˿ϤϢȴ벻ͷ۰üͷ˼š
ŶǰɣСеߺܶ࣬һҲ׼һ˿ɫ
ܹŹֵĸо˵ʵңؼϵɱ⣬Ҳ˿ңҵɱ¾⾳۷Բ֮ˣһɱ¾⾳Ҳˣɫ΢
Ҳ쵽򣡲ȷʵûһǿһһɱˣ۾΢Уƺʲô
üͷĸˣ֮󣬵֮ǰɱ¾Уҹ۲ܾãһĽսϮɱҲǳ͵ģʵսеĸ֣һصˣ
أֻҪҾͺãǵңһҪͷιһЦƺδ
һԿ࣬Ͳװοһﻹ˽⣬һСɵĻ򣡲׶Ը૵ص
ˮڣõУΣҲһĶ֣ʲôʱôСˣЦ
ˣֵĻһ㶣漴һЦɫȻŰεļ
𸳺飬˵̸֮ȴһֱ˵ʵ׵ʲô̶ȡ

޵һɵؽ˵һ㽣ӣֿٽ˵ڶ㽣ӣȻڶ㽣֮ȴǹͣͷųСɵĽ⣬Χ޾ԼĽ⡣
֮˲ŵ㽣ӱȥ
Ȼʵǿ󣬽Сɣǣڵ㽣Уܵѹٶȴ
һս⣬һ߲ͣҡͷѰʲô
Ƭ֮һƵس⣬ϲӿŲ˹ȥ
ʱ˲ףһľٶȻǳŹĹԿȥģ
ɣ˵ĽУڸУ޵ץһöĹԿףȻŴ󲽵Žȥ
һнһ߿ż֮ķк͸ԶгЩм
СɵĽ⣬ΪʵϵĲ࣬ߵĸԶ


605 ޽
Ȼߵ˵㽣ӵľͷ
ǣ۲ΣҲ޷ͨ㽣Ĳ㽣֮ǵȻ谭ǿг˼ΣǱ𵯿ˡ
ȴûʧȥУһ׹ڽ紦˲û
Ƭ֮һɼΪֲɱϢӶӵ˶ܵȻɱ⣬Щ˾ͷƤ顣
Ȼ۷ɱ¾⾳૵
û˵޵еϤĸоֳˡ
֮޵ϵɱ¾֮⼫ΪֲƺΪϵ͵ߵѪҺҪųˡ
ÿֲɱⰡֱһͷѪħͷ
Ϊλɱ⣿
⻹ֱ޼Ҫֲ
۷ɱ¾⾳ѪϢǵõʲôĴУ

ɫԽԽŹˣ⽣ǹͷųǿϢΣ֣֪ʲô𣿡
΢΢üɱ¾⣬ΪλôѪȵϢ԰
ɱ¾ǿ𣿡Ȼ
ɫɱ¾մߵĶûģɱ¾޽֮ܵģܹɱ¾ɾ͵ĻȴǼΪףɱ¾Ҫɱ¾гɳԣݹ۹Žûж˿һɾͣ
֮ĲΣ˼Ƭ̣ʵ
ûпɱԣɱ¾⹥˫ǲⲻɱ֮ǼΪ۷Ľֻ̫ϡˣɱ¾ո෴̧ͷķ򣬵ңĹҲֻ޵ɱ¾ܹ찡
Ҳɱ¾仯Ľɣ쿴ξȻִ޵еĽ֮Уѹ
ɣһҲɱ¾⣬ȴͳɱ¾⣬޵еĲ̫һҡҡͷ
Ȼ޵ͷųһɱ֮ǰϤϢڸоϢʱ컹û˵ȴǿˣ֣Ϣƺ񰡣֪Ǻֽ
ĬˣȻֽ֪ƣϢǱȽϤģ˰ŵ֣֮û޽һ˵
޽һ㶣漴üͷ壬ҡҡͷû˵аɣ
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β˵֪˼ʲôʱȷʵˣǧ;ͬ飡ǵһ;бһּΪֲ׺ݵİԵΪ޵룬ӦҲǣ޽϶еģ
𸳵Ļöඥһ㣬˲ˡ
ʱɫԶ޵еĹţȻܵõ޽ӦصΪѹ֮ǰоһϤϢԭˣ
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쿴˼һۣ漴ɫһ޵дһӦйأ
˲䣬סˣϢ֮ô϶
ֽ࣬ϵϢϤ޵ϵϢ죡
˵޵֣ɫ䣬ȴɻ󲻽ص
ᰡ֯Ѫɱӣ޵֮أ޵ôأⲻɻ
֯ĳԱ²
޵԰ˣǲµģô֮أ𸳵
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޵еʵѾ۷ˣӵʵ޵֮ϣôɼӻжǿһʶˡ
ȻʮһǣõʮһͲߣڳ˶ᡣ
ֲһҪɱ㣡ҿôҲФϿúصˣûҪΪһ˳֣ʱ㣡ӦԼְ֯ɣκȻˣһŻ˵ФֵĹϵܲһ㰡ƣп޵Ҳ֯ˣ
ʱЩˣһ·նɱ֣Ĵʥʹɱˣǲˣ
𸳺Ҳɫ΢ڹŶʱǿնɱֵģǶԷ׷ǿ鷳ˡ
οصգҲģʲô޲޵ģҲĶ֣οֻǲ²⣬Ͼһɱ̫࣬Ͽ϶ѪϢҲʲôϡ飡
һ˵˵ȻˣҲԼӦʱҷգ˵ԼԻв˶ԼԼľֹӰ쵽ǣⲻӦԼϣ顣
οȷʵ˵ԼԼսҲǺ»ãҪʧˣߺҲһħԼĶ֣
ȻҲֻҰοʵҲ֪Լʲôʱħ
޽Ȼǿ󣬵޷ĲȣĬƬ̺󣬰ε
ȷʵҲΪԭʵΪĲ࣬ŻֽͷӦš
ȷʵȻ޽벻𽣵ͬڵ㽣ӣ޽ҪһЩǣ𽣵ĳ֣潣ģ޽ֻԳ˼ΪǿѪɱ¾֮ѣŮӵ£ȴԷ£ֻҪռơ
ܵ˵޵е޽Ĳ𽣵ԺķչͿ˵컯ˣ޵е츳˵޽гԽ𽣵һ졣
һʶȸܵ޵еĽϢһ㶣ϽԳһ˿أȴɻ飬ϸ˼Ƭ֮󣬱۾һ漴ֻ֮ǰĵȻɫ
޽Σõɱ¾ҲñߵԶҲҵĶ֣ο˵ҵõĴлҪǣǣֻҵĵʯ

ɱ¾֮ɢ޵ϵϢȶΪҲõ֮İ֮ĳڡ
ԭΪ֮ڣƺǷһ㣬ǣ޽߶ףĽƺһЩ
޵й̾ʱһȺ̲סˣһǿĽг֣վס
ʮӰӳŽӷȥ
ʱǿ֮У޽ֻʣ˰κһʶԣܶ˵Ŀ⻹עˣʲôʱҲţԤ˻õʲô
ֻǣһʶͬһ㣬ںӵϣԶĽ򣬲ΣȴһעŽӣһߺ켸죬ûҪȥ˼


606 ǿ
ڿ˴ͬʱҲ˼һЩ飬ɻ󣬿𸳣˵ʮǿһһ˫ꪣǹĽ嵶ǣĽ֮Уʱֻ𽣡޽һʲô޵аɣ
һ㶣һۺ鵭Цһ£˵ɣ
漴죬һ޵УһΪнˣգ˼ȴԸƧһദ
нһ㶣漴ԼһƣԼôˣӦ˵нǶʮǿ֮һˣȴִ
ԭ֪˰һ㶣Щȵ
ͷʶң˺ܲң˾һѽǰֺһʶҲϵĽ⣡һΪˣֵ߶صһˣ
ĵǼн֪ĹϵҲ֪нǶʮǿ֮һ
нʮλʵӦò޵ЩǿģӦҲֹڵ㽣Ӱɡ
ܵõô͵Ľͣ治򵥣ҿڴ֮һĻ΢ʱһɼ뿴н˵顣
лģһĽͣҲһǿļǿĽ֮ͣ»ǣһԽģ쵭һЦźصϧڰȻĲҲһסСʱĽѾԽСɾ簡
˳Ĭˣ֪仰ζʲôС֮ǰѾԽСɾ磬СãȻ˵ڽϵ赽ʲôˮ׼
ʱһɼΪΪ󣬲಻ĽǵضΪǽ֮з䣬ĿȥȴֽԼ֮ƽ糣ûʲô֮
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˽ɫ䣬Īһ󲻰ʶȫչŽֶ֮ȥ
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˲䶼˼˿ֻ֮УһʶͰҲɫء
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ʲô֮ϣô϶һɵĽɲ򵥣ⲻ⾳ΪѣҲΪνսһҪֲԭ
϶ҵĽǰôﵽ˴ɣεͷȻָһʶûĽһ򣡼Ȼؽ׵ϵĽ⣬ôǴ֮ϵĽ⣬һǼΪϡеľ⣡
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ʧˣ찵̾һЩʧص
ôǿĽ⣬˵ʵ²ģɫȻǲҪˣ
ͷ˵ܽ־磬˿ڽľ硣
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ڶ˸ոƽϢʱԶ·ϣֳһǿϢϢ֮ǰǹɲĽ⣬ǽϢһѾýϢ
еĽ޶ˣǽҲ˹ȥ
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һĽŲһӰ˵ҰС
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ԭˣһ˿ɫȻ
һ㶣֣ʶˣ
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쵭һЦѣոջţôˣ
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ͷǲн˼ǽˣ
Ҳޱȣոջ˵˲н˵ʱǲ֪ʲô档
ʵв˻ʶнģСУˣֻ˵ĸˣͨһĴѰһԵ
ʱĲнڵΪЩǿߵУԲС
ΪϢ֮ǿԱȷҪֲǹ޼нһۣҲǸеһɼǿĽϮס˸
нȻ°ûȥ֮սΪ͸о˲ǵġ
ⲻʵϵ壬һѹȡ
ȶĻӦò˶٣
нϵɢĽ⣬ȴһʶͰ𾪵Ըӡ
ոյĽ⣬ȻǴɢģΪѾ˵ʵˣ𣿡β̾һ
ҲͷոǹɽӦģҲֻŻ裬츳
Ųнӳξˮһ˿еɨһȺһʶ΢΢ͣһ£󿴵˰ΣҲͣһ¡
Ȼڿεʱ򣬷Ӱһ˿âȥ
ּ֣ˣߵǰнֵ
ֿˣ⽣֮μӣҪˣпһ漴ֻ񣬲Եļ˽ܸн
ܵεʱ򣬲нгһ˿ȵս⡣
ѾʼƺˣнһѪϵĽɫȻ


607 һʶ
Ϸʼ⽣֮һºõĴлᱻ˵ȥп
飬ȫƾԵڴˣн΢΢ҡͷ
ŶǺ⣿츳ôֲĽ裬ǿԵõĴеģһ㶣ɻ
ҲסˣϢ֮󣬱ĻǰϽ壬ʲôɵģ
нҡҡͷѾԼĵˣ˵ĶٺãҲǱ˵ģ̰ãҴ˴ǰֻǳŽΪ˴У
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һ㶣ǼΪĵÿһ˶ģǣΪŵǣǿһ֡
쵹Щɻ󣬿ŲнкɫĶϽ֣ûĻѽǲȱҪ벹ȫҪϺõ񼶲ϣҪ֮ſ԰ɣ
Ļܶ˶нȷʵҡҡͷȱʵȱȱҪ⽣֮е޾֮ȫҵҵĵĵȫȻȫ
ܻɬ֮󣬲ǣҪȫ͸ȴǺѵģƬʱ䣬˿
Դҷ⣬нԼĽ˿ԶĽ૵ǿĽưжٴܽ˴

нһٴһһʶҲɫ΢
Ȼ֪нʶζȥġ
ͬʱ޽֮ˣ֮ǰĳϣаԼһĽ⣬ʵҲ࣬ǲнĵǲ᲻صشһе԰
ԭԼϵΨһ
ԭϻԼ֮ϣ
صɫ£ڲŵһɢŨŨģ
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ܶ˵עڲнߣһʶı仯˲佫˵עȥˡ
ϵ˲ͷų罣档
ݣ
һأ˲ڿʮɣѪ֮ϣתӸ´һˣ࿴һ۲нȻתŽӻȥ
˫ֱд⣬ȴޱȣ˭Ҳ֪ΪһʶʱϽĪнģ
ǽŵİн
ͣͣһʶͥŲһ㣬˽ӡ
ʵǲͷŽ⣬ҲԵֵ޾ǧƬ̡
Ȼһʼһǽ޵̬˵һ㽣ӣǰ֮ԼıʹԪϮĽɡ
һĻ𾪵˾֣̬뽣ӵߣȫˣ
Ȼǿף
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ȻżһЩ˳ۣǣȷʵǿοǵȻӰ
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ֵĻʵͬ磬Ķ֣
ˣͬ磬һɨ޵ˣһļ򣬵
Ե༸ҲľɻǺţһ֮ǿߡ
֣ʵľ𣿡ʵڽסеĺ棬ʵʵֹܶ˶⣬ֻǣп漰˵˽㿪ڡ
ͷȷʵ磬ֻߣսϲŻǿһЩ˵ĺɨ£Բܣĵط˵򣬿֮ǿߣԽս
нҲǵͷֵսȷʵڶģȴʶһ۷壬һЩһսģ뵣ģطȫԣʣʶ۷Ļᣡ
ͷ֮һȥģʶһ´½ϵţ
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ҵĿ꣡ٴ΢΢ףҲ˿ˣһŬɣҪʱҪЩǣ
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ġף˵ЩʲôȴȻоƾճһɼΪԵ׺ϢѹĲ͸
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ֻһ󲨶κεӰֻнȴǳһϯֹͣĳطΧһһɶ޽͸Ӱ
Ӱͬһ㣬˿壬ʱ˶׹εľ֣εӰԪͷųγɵķ֡
ӰƽٶȺܿ죬Ϣ˽֮Уǧϯ޾Ľ
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һЩڽĽޣԱѣǺŭҪҵ׽նɱǣǿӰʱɫ䣬ҲŽ֮ɱȥٶȣǰδеĿ죡
Ӱٶȼ죬֮֮ҳһƬԱĴɽйĹ켣һ쫷ϯ
һʶոսڶ㽣ӣٶȲ죬˵ǻ·ɽ羰һ㡣
Ȼҽ֮üͷ΢壬ת˲䣬۾ɴˣ漴ŭһĨռָС
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ǵӰҲӰɢУγһգɢڽλ
ڽδɢ֮ǰһʶڽ֮շתŲƣܿ˽谭бһһֲĽ·Ҫ컮룬ʮɷΧĽٴնǵӰ
˼붨Ĵߣ˽Զˣ׷лɱһʶһǽޣ׷ӽķһ㣬𣬶׷ײ²˵ݡ


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Сʲôʱֳˣ
ǵӰôЩ찡
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ˣ˵޵֮ˣĹԿ׿Ҫһˣ

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һЩƺµ˭ûпеӰǻЩɻ󡣱ϾӦò߱ʵ
ǵӰʱе۾Ȼһ漴ɫͬΪΪеĸ֣ظȣƺһЩҲ׵еս⡣
ʮʽ
һʶʩչĳǿнһ˿𾪣ʧ
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ʲôǽʮʽҲһ޽ߣ뽣йص飬ȻҪ˽һˡ
λ³һŽеļսɫʮʽΪͳĽҲĽ֮һ̺˽ĳɳ̣
нҲǵͷԲ⽣ʮʽǽḶ̌ԴͳĽ֮һ
һ£ͣ˶ʲô˼
ʮʽǽĽ̿飬һнĸԴ
нҲɫ΢һʶӽһʮʮʽУǲͬʱĶʮܱѪÿһʽǽľӳѧߵʥ磬ϰȻǿĽȴܻǿĽͨ
˰ľҲЩ˼ĸоδ뵽ϻĽ
ȻĽ⵽ʲôƷ׵Ľ̾һ
Ʒףнһ㶣Ҳסˣ֮󣬲нſڵʮʽƷ֣ǱԴĽʵԲôǵͽ׽ʵ츳Ļ񼼣κζԽǿߣὫʮʽ߼Ľû֮һ
ȷʵн˵ĽõȽֺļֵΪ޼۵ģ޿ģһ޶ġ
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ĳʱǿߣʵһˣ˵ʱǿߡ
нд˺Ըɼ־εĸԶҪ־һ
⻰ӱ˿˵˾һЦǣн˵⻰û˾һ䲻ʵʵĻòнʵ
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ȻϢ֮ӰԳԭΣףǿ׳ߴ׺սףֳսꪣ
ˣȻǶս죡
ʱ֮ǰ磬ҲԵøأ
һʶϮĽУսҲдսһӣ֮սһʶԴȵһꪣ
ৣ
ণӰ˸ݺᣬꪽཻԪɢղϢ
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609 ë
ʱһʶŭɶˣٶ죬ǻ޷ȫܿԷһˣõֵס
ԣɵתȫԪתɵĽгûһʮɳ͸Ӱֱӻս졣

һʶͻȻʩչȫսһ˿ɫֹڱˣ
֮Σʮɣٴһꪡ
ղһʶĹöսҲܵһ˿ΣգɵĽ൱ֲģȻǿ󣬵ҲûҪӦԣѡ˱â
ֻǣû뵽ǣԷշһֶûü㿴սһĻһʶ֣漴һصȻ֣ǹĻţŽٷȥ
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սһ㶣漴һʶŭմ㿪ڻػоһɼΪϮжˣûһ˿ء
һ£սˣһãоԼһ߷һʯͷһӳ˽ӡ
ֱ˵һ㽣ӣϵûнȥĽǵѪ
ģˣҰҲҸһĵ䣬˯Ĺս֪군ˣ
ԶȺԶסˣ֪ʲôֻ޼˵ֽкá
ɫˣãûҶ룬һնŶս켲ɶȥ
ͬʱһֶŶԷץŲ֮ںϣһ֮һֻϽɫƾճ԰ʮ֮⣬ѾµĶսץС
Ȼһٴһʩ֮ս㱻סˡ
һһӣ˳ޱȣúӵϵһ߾̾
λҰ˱ڸл㣡оԼ½˲ʧսʶԼ˸ˣϲüҪ޳ˡ
֣Ҳ̫³çˣֱ뽣֮УͲ±ӵķɱ𣿡Ŷս죬źӵ̷ȥͬʱʶܶսе״
ĸţԭ㰡ҿ㰡֪⽣Ƣô󣬶ƫģȥܴˣƫɱ֣ӱǿˣһҪڽ򣡡ս֣Լ޷֣ҽȥƣȻӳҾͳˣ
𼱣ȿüͷϢ֮ص˰ϣɻ飬ԲнͰεעһ£Ҫ͵Ϯ
˵ͷεģľ
ͷŵľżһĶս죬Ʒͬһ㣬Ȱ㿴Ҫż
ʲôưôӣⲻΰ壬Ҫ²Ȱɵ꣡ûѶսһʱֳˣ޺޵š
ǺǣղֵĬˣһ㶣һʶ̽ƣһߺͶսš
ǵȻ㲻֪Ĭ˲ѵҪһ߸䷶𣿡սһʱԼ飬ҳˡ
ؿŶս죬ɻ˰ŵԭֻӣ
һ˶סˣҲɫһͣ²ã
ȻεĻһϢս˭ǺӣүģͨԳòãһʶûУôүǸ˵үһˣ㲹һ³ʶҿɸ㣬ĻԵ춼û˵Щأ
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飡ţͨԳһ첻µز£ս˫ôᱻŪ⸱ģأҿëŲ࣡ƲƲ죬ȻŶսͨԳһ
̵ģ㶮ëӻᣬûͨľ磬ȻƽӴ磬ܴսǲмص
£нˣֻɫͨ죬ָŵϵĶսӣ˵˭
ҿͦģôָ˾˵սŭĿԲɣ죬Ͽҽ⿪ƣҪѵѵСӣ֪Ϊʲô죡
ȫҶٴսԼη·𱻲ȵβ͵èָŶս
ٺ٣˵ӻ治ʹȫҶǴͨԳɲΣսƺŭһȻص
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үģëͨԳͨԳս챩ŭը˷Σǻһһ顣
ëԣԣԡ
ͨԳͨԳ

˲ͣضţĿɿڴؿһĻĵѵϵ
ı˶͵Цεҡҡͷ
Ϊһҵս˭֪ݱϲ硣
Ȼ˶ѣȻ˶Ľ
֮̽սڣŻһƣʹöսܹתƿʣĽƹ
ʱĶս죬Ҳֻܱԭȵƣһ˹һߴƳ˽ƣ㲻ɣ֪ΰͨԳһ壬Ƕô޴
飡ë㻣˭أӿɲ㣡βмƲƲ죬˵Ҫȫƿðʱٺ٣Ͼͽ뽣ˣҸ㣬ҵõкٳѵ㣡
˵ţζ켸һ֣ȻֶŶսһ֣Цëټ
ϣһ˲˽
ߣӴһԶȥӰս켱ˣ󺰵
ֻǣθûֻһɫɧıӰ
УҵøϿ⿪뿪Ȼ󣬿ɾͶˣֺսɫһ䣬ֹһʵ֮£ӽǻ˵ã
˵꣬ڼ˹ɫУսȫͶ뵽Ƶ״̬УȫһС
켸˵һЦػԱߣĿ⿴ڽзеİΡ
ʵһϽӣ㽫˵ĿⶼȥˣȺٴη
Ҳȥˣ֪ܴ뵽ڼ㣿
ǵ㣡
ϻ㶼ǻǰ𣿡
Ҳ԰˼Ҷս춼˵ڶأ
˵һʶô°ᱻɱ˰ɣ
ҳΣǱɱļҿ˳Ϊ츳ڣۿˣСֱӽӵȥˣ
⻰ҲôΪģ



610 
һʶһɵؽ˽֮УǺؽ뵽˵㣬ȫ˵ϡ
뵽֮Ȼ򽣵ĹԽԽǿٶһ㶼ûб䡣
𾪵ĿУûмųĲ㽣ӣڵ㽣ţ֪Ѱʲô
ڸ
ˣһ
ɵ㣡˼ĹԿף
ʧʧ󣡡

ǣŽӽӶɵͲûڽתһȦҲûзֹĹԿ׵ټЩȻ
ȺǿԶҲҪҵڽε¶ݵЦݡ
ʧǣĻս㿴гһСţɫһͣ漴ɫѿ֮
ĹԿףˣˣ
һѣһΪûϣأ
ֻʣİˣԽԽСˣ

뿪㽣ӣĲ֮УһͷȴԶĵطһɫĹŸڰգʱϲһԪĵڣչϮͽ˹š
֮󣬵ѹĹԿ˳رС
֮һŵĲ㽣ӷȥ
Ƭ֮վ˵Ĳǰܵһ޵ֹԼ룬üͷ壬һ˼ͷųɻĽ⡣
˲䣬ΧȥҲɢˣǲ赲ԼϣϢʧˡ
ûж룬Ųһ̧ɵؽ뵽˵Ĳ㽣֮С
ۣȥˣȥˣ
ȥͽȥɣСֵظʲô
Ĳ㰡
Σƣ㶼пܣ

ν뵽Ĳ㽣֮ȺٴλȻԴŮӽĲ㽣֮󣬱ʶһ㣬εľٶٴθĺͼ顣
ŮӲͬǣνĲ֮󣬱Ҫɶˡ
ʱŮӾֻʮԶȻֻԶԶؿһеŮӣ㽫Ŀ˽Ȼӣһ߹ɽͽһǰС
ںܶ˿εĿڵĲߵøԶһЩǻһõĴС
ΪεĿǵ㣬ֻаκͲн֪εĿ꣬ǽ
УҲýȥˣܾôԿףһ
ǽӦ㣡Լ
ãͷתͷԶļǿߣеɱһţ漴ҽһأ˲ڿ˽ӡ
ʱ˵עڰεϣһٶȻ˺ܴĻȻ
˭ô֪һ㽣ϢҲ
ȥʲôǸƽôܵȥ
һﲻ򽣷ʬĶˣ
ֵˣôҵĻֵʥٺԪȥˣ
ﶯİ֮ԣ

ȥˣҿǵ׼ᣬһ翴ŸıӰоһ
ȲҪ˵÷䳾ֹе뷨Ҳûȫ飬нûнȥأʣİԿ׵ĹȷǳᣬС޼ָΣаù𣿡
ҲԣȿҹոߵõԿ׺һΪʸ֮ģϹͷӦ
ʱ治ϣһõԿףöĶĶȴȫ˵ȥˣ˵ộٺһЦ
ɵ⣬ǰݺύĽͷƤЩ飬ŵĽӣн¶˳ȵĹâ
ȫתԪɷӡͷ˲ɴС貵Ľ⽫γһɫķ֡
Ųһ˽㣡
˵ɷӡػ㰲࣬ܿߵ˽ǰ
ͣ˽ŲûнȥؿŽӣѰŹĹԿ׵ټ
·˵ľٶȴǻ
ɣûӾͲҪӲˣСС
ոߵģ⽣Ұĵطǰ֮û
ǵߣ
ˣΪǶս찡

á𣬱鴫֮㣬Ǽͬͷѣȴ޿κΣǵʵԶԶûʸˡ
ȻҲ˵ķֱˣǣȴǼ
֮ڿһţʱһϲ⿪ѪڵѪ֮˲򽣺
ѪѪȥѪٻطСӸʲô
ѪٻĴнԵʣѪиϵ
ɵӣΪҪ
ҿɵӲ࣬ѪٻҪõĻвѾȥˣ

ԣԣٻУٻԿףڣ˷ڡ
ԿףٻԿף
ô᣿ΪٻƺԿף
֪ˣĹ˵ĺѰҵȵĹ
ԣһǸ߼ĹºˣȻ߼ѪٻԿףǲҲжˣ
ԣȡģһҪõһöԿף

ѪѪ֮Ѫ˰ɵķΧͷɷӡԳһõѪӰѪ
ӵУǸűȻƯţεڽ֮УȻܵһĪ·ǣԼҪ뽣ӡ
£ƺû飬Щ΢ŭԣֿ
ܵӷػȻױǣȥҪȫҲ޷
ѾɫˣʩչطǺķԪʶң֢ǿֲޱȡ
ԭҪʣöԿȫģǣʱ״̬ҪõһöԿ׾Ѿˣ
οĵԼֶ飡
ҧƴȫһ㣬̶ȵѪѪܣⶼ
ʱǸŵȫֹˣ׹˵ѪӰԽԽһɴСֹͣ
ڴʱѪƺȸӦ˶ԷһʱǸӰŵİɫţһ㣬ɿ˸
⸱󣬸ϲѣɫɷףȭͷ߬ţҧš
ݣ
Ϣ֮ǰɫڷɵ˸ǰ˲ֹͣ˷裬ڸǰ
֣ץУȻջѪ֮СǷĵس˿ջؿռָһѵҩ
ŵ㽣ӣȭͷٴ߬ýģ۾գȴε̾һתźӵ̷ȥ
һصѪӵϣоʶɨһ˿ġ
ܷŭֳֵ֣ɷӡصһЩʵȷʵߣһȵľ͹


611 
ֲܵɱ˲䣬ЩƻˣԭûҲҪʵģ
޼мؿһ۸ֹԿףţȥȥã
ģΧ˵죬ĿٴͶ˽ӣûģԼʵָȥһö
˸ٴνĿͶ˽εİΣΪʱİΣѾվ˵Ĳ㽣֮䡣
ܽȥ𣿡
ܰɣͷ㽣Ӷ޷סĽŲ
ôͣˣǸܵ˸ǿĽ˰ɣ
˼Ӧ÷ʲô

ǵУվ֮ǰϸظŴӵ㽣ɢĹϢϵĽ⣬ȴҲʮֹһ֣ǧޣȴûһϳֽ⡣
֣ɿ˰ֵĽ⣿üͷ΢н
нҡҡͷֵĽ⣬·Եҵ޾

һյʱ󣬰βó˼ҵһǰϣԪ佣УɵĽʩչһԳ˵˻þڤˣǧ·޾ҵȻڽΧ
ݣ
нһҵȻն£һɫ绮˲˵Ĳ㽣֮ĹĻ
ȻһɼΪԵҺĽӵ㽣֮ɢ˵Ĳ㽣ӣʹõĲ㽣мɵȫֹͣת
¶һ˿ɫ͵̤һ˲˵㽣ӣһ£Ѫӵٴηˡ
ˣ
ûпɣĽˣ
ֲˣ㼤ʲô
㲻֪һϣļ𣿡


ν㽣ӣһЩԤϵģͲнԵطõġ
ˣڷ˼ľУ۾ˣɫֱˡ
ֳּҵԾǿ֮ˣ˳ؽ˵㽣ӡ㽣֮ǸܵһЩѹ
ԵֵļеķɽԵֵƥĽǣķ֮ȴ̶ά衣
·ǽֹһǰҲ޷ˡ
εûоţϸ˼˰֮⿪ϵǹɼΪֲ
䡭
˲䣬һɾǿ𣬷·һ٣һĻѪá
Գһ˫ˣǹεʧˣָɡ
ȥϵǹǿӰʧ֮˽Ųǰͦ
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壿ʲô壿һ㶣ǲ⣬ɻص
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˵΢΢ͣһ£һѪͳһѪͳҹƣһѪͳǴһ񣬶ѪͳҲǴһ񣡡
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켸ˣȻڰε֮С
Ѫ֮УǶԸʴ۸
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һƬİ֮УΧһƬΨһԿģǰǿ޴½أ˵ֻǳƬ

ǽĿС磬Ҳһɣ
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Ȼһ磡
µĽţ߳һһȴ·ջ˺ܶĽһ㡣
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Ĳܻ·ҪõӰʲô
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Žÿһʽޱȣȴ˽ܵģԣûһʽҲԿǰ漸ʽݻ
ԼʶʮʽһʶʩչĽһ޷ǰӰݻĽʮʽȡ
·ĽʮʽĽǺ覴õĽ
δʱȷʵ̾ˣǧţȻͬ죬ֻڽһҵùµĽһԵ
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źܳ·ûоͷǣȷʵ뽣һ𣬶Ҳڰεǰ
ǣеĽţһֱô·û߹һһһ㡣
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Ҹҿ϶һЩýõˣ

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ʱһʶͰĿֲѾȥˣ֪뽣ֻĲཫԽԽ
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ЦҾԼЩЦǵԶȥӰ
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˵΢΢һ̾Ϊʥ֮һػ֮ǰķ⣡ǣһĳ˽򣬽˽ҸоԼȻôĲһ
磡ˣôߣ˭һȥģû˼ֵعԼӣԼҲЩԹصҺܻСʱļ䣬ǣڣ֮󣬸оԼˣԼˣ
һ㶣Ļ統ͷȣ˲ȻһѾӵˣֺαִڴˣԼһУԼĵ

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ԣϸûһ˿ߵϢȫǱϢ

һѽôܵĹأĽ֮Уʱֹĳ棡쿴һУ
ԼһȻ˵ûднһѽΪǼһ㣬ǲųԼļ˵ģ
ģ˵˵˵ĶУЩеɻʱ⿪뿮̾ѣǵͥŲӰ
нʱ״̬ȷʵͥŲŲнһһ󲽵Žȥٶȸ˽ٶһ
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ӵôǿĽ⣬⽣дõĴе㣬ΪҪҸ߼ĹأʵˣòõĴУ㣡һ䣬һ߿ļΪǿߣıʲô
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ʱѪʹù廹δָ֪ʲôʱõµļԿס
ңʣˣԼеԿס
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ʱ򣬸ҲìܣΪȷʵûǵʣԿˣǣԿײȫ޷Ĺ
ңûڣǱԿףҲ޷Ĺ
ѪĻָҪʱ䣬ָʱ䣬ȵ𣬵;һЩʡ
֮ǰвҲõĹԿףûһμȫģԣĹϵһ
һҲ޷ȫĹԿףôеĶǰˡ
֮ǰûжսһʶĴսԿ׷С
ҪĹ뽫еıȫΪУ

нѰ˰죬ҲûҵĹԿ׵ӰӣЩ޿κΣ̾һŽȥ
Ҫ뵽Ĳ㽣ӵʱһŴӲ
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˰죬ҲûпԿ׵Ӱӣҡҡͷֱӽ˵Ĳ㡣
һĲ㣬нԷ˽Ų˲ͷųԼĽ⡣
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нԼҲһ㶣漴̹ȻһУʱҲֻô
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źͲнһʧ˵ʱӵٴοʼˡ
ҵθģֱˣȻ
нǣǲ𰡣
ԲǣҪǰ;
ȻˣнֱˣҵǸͷΪνŵ˵ʮλ
û۹⣡̫û۹ˣҹƣõĴһǱõˣ
Ľʺް



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һǿ޽˽򣬳ϵԽԽСһʱ䶼Ѫӵȴǰ˿ҰֻѪ϶ȥ
պܹ죬ǿ޵ʧһսһսȴǴ˴μߵ˵Ŀġ
ĹԿս
Ȼʱ˿̣öĹԿףȴʣöһʶ뿪ͻȻҲֻʣһöˡ
ʱ򣬸ȴŵģΪʱʱؾ쵽һЩʶ̽¸оԷԼǿ󣬵ȴҲ޿κΡ
ʲôɣΪʸ֮ģҲֻнĹԿ׳ȥ
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취ЩðգȴԼļ˷ΣյĿԡ
ת𸳣λȥһˣǾ鷳չˣ
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սʵпܴõĹԿףǣͲһˣҾȶս컹㣡

ľٶ˺ӵϵľţȺ׷׶𣬺ܶʶͶȥͼΣȴûнϡ
ˣһ봳ɣǾڽ֮УФϿԶȥӰгһĹЦ
ҲǴϲ·𿴵ɹ峤һ㣬Χߵͷ漴ФϣФ֣Ҷ֮նɱӦò⣬ͲһЩ˳𣿡
Фҡҡͷ֮䣬ûɲ֣ˣǱФҵĵˣǿԳܵģ
˵ţһк͸ֿ˿㽣ӣõԿףٳ֣ʱ򣬿϶˳ᣬǾͺıԿ׸Ȼɱ켴ɣڹĹԿףܵõõòҲ޷첻
ƣ۾΢УФϵһ֣ˮ֮
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Ф϶Ҳٸм䣬ſˮФɫҰףƲûһ˿ĵص⡭һ̫ˣҡ
ǽļ֮УФϲ֪֮ǰľǷȷǣһһֱûŪǱս
ʱ޵֮һ壬Ҳס飬ûһ˿նɱԷģԣ˵ʱ£϶Ҳû˵ꡣ
Фϴʱ飬ҪФһЩҲֻΰˡ
Ҳ룬Ƿ˾һ뵽նɱķջе̰ǣŽмͽ죬ɳƵФϵĶߣжǿҲܲס˶࣬ǺĶ֣ȻնɱףǱȻţСУֻһˣȴɱɥ֮Ȯİ
ʲôɥ֮Ȯɥ֮ȮأĻФеĿ־˲˷ŭص
úúã˵ˣҵǸФĪҪ⣡Фϵ̬΢΢𣬵ȴһɱ⣬ĵõļֵһЩʱ䣬Ժʰ㣡
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615 
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ţ㿴ǹɵĳ䵭Ǿ޴Ӱƺڱϳơ
Ϣ֮󣬡һӰȫɢһ΢Ľ˷ӿȥƽϢ
ʱ򣬵ڶ㽣ȫƽС

һڳһսƺޱȣʵϣֶԿ
첢ûмǰٴ߾裬ڶ㽣ӹ۲һ˽Ų
һΣǿֱȥڽ뽣ķ϶֮С
ģûӲôķҲᴥһЩĪǿơ
һ
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üͷʮֲؿǰĳ
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Ѫ죬·Ѫӱһ㣬ӱѪɫϢţ·ÿһǸոմȾѪȵġ
޾ѪĽ֮УһõӰֳȴһš
տʼֻЩɻѣǣϢ֮ɫˡ
һЩϤӰÿһȴĿ
ĳգĽѩѣ̨飬ңϹ𡭡ȵȣһϤףȴôİÿһһ㣬ԹߵĿ⣬һ
ô£
Ϊʲôǣ
Ϊߺң

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ָֻǣҲΪںŻʯģȻһɲһ˿Ķҡ
ɢ˿˿ϢʹԻɥ޾֮С
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ӺȻˣ񱩵·طһ㣬ݿ࣬Ƴǰһٴοʵĳ
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̫ǿˣǲʲôصĴˣȻҳ֣ƽӵ
ӣڶ㽣֮УƺĳԻڣ

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컹֪һУոԳݻǰĻûо˼öҩ˼£˽ŲԼĽȥ
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ǱոյһѵģҲΪľȫˣԲô챻ѡ
ʱѾ޼һսʵˣµĽУ˾ֵĲΡ
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ֻϢʱ䣬㿴ͷһѰɴľ޽Ӱǽ۶ɡ
ˡ
޽Ӱ΢췢⽣ϮʩչӰûһ˿켣شڽ֮С
첻ǽӰϮԣȱܿâ
ĽбǰҪܶ࣬ԣ켴ʩչһЩ޷ֻܿӲˡ
ЩֻһЩǳǳĺۼȴûиơ
ǣ֯ŷ֮ʹȻǰҪһ㡣
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ǰһѻûȫɢһѱ۶ɣ㽣֮УƶȻһĻ档
ǰﻹһЩǣԽԽУѾʩչȫѹ֮£ƶʮλá
ԶһСŻƮ˵֪ǽʣԿ֮һ
ʵܾ֮ǰ㿴ţҲƮƵķΧ
ʱԼһɵľ룬ƲԶ㽣֮УǰȴҲء


616 Ԫ
ǹһӿܹһһϮһһѵķɽշתŲڽ֮УڿǹŶʮɡ
һϢûͣʩչ˸ֱǿɹҲӽ˿ռָ
ʹǰеĽŲһ˿ͣͣͷϸո۶ɵľ޽Ӱ
ɫ䣬оһֲɿԵֵסġ
ҲҶ룬˺
ٶȺܿ죬ǣ⽣ӰǵķΧ̫ˣûбܵÿӰԵС
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Ӱ߷һ㣬ҵõѪӡ
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ҿ췴Ӧ죬ȻһֱܿС
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㽣ӵѹҪСܹܶ࣬ܿͷ޽ص˵һ㽣ӣеʶҲעܵı仯ǵ޽ӰȻ
ûûˣŭһռ⾳Ų֮ϣܿɵ˽ӱԵһ̤뿪˽ӡ
ܸʧ˰ɣ
쳤һĽҲиŲԽǣȴԺӵϵź
Сģ
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ʵ̫ˣŻᱻĪ׷ɱģ

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ȷʵǺ£ֻǿϧջǹѪӣȴЩΣһ˵ʡȥ˳ֵ鷳ǣϵرȴҲ֮Ѫ֮ס

㾹Ȼˣһϣ㲻ҪҪֽ˺飡޼ɫ֮ɭɭصǲһʶҲκһˣϧ㻹̰Ҳգһҵˣ
޼ľٶΧ˸ַӦģֻ̾Ϣ
벻Ҳ⽣ĺɱ֮£ʵ̫ϧˣ÷䳾ѪɱȻľ޽Ӱ̾Ϣ
ʱʮ磬ȻĬԣֻϹ÷䳾̾Ϣ

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һطУҲ겻ѣҪ˵޵˭죬Ľ𣬱ǳ׵رݻ٣飬ѾûС
ǣΪ飬ʮֵĸӡ
һˣһ֣дĲңȴҲĳͷ
磡𣿡ῴԶδɢȥľ޽Ӱص
⽣Ӱǿ󣬿һߣҲԵֵֺǿȴҲ޷Ĺ»ҡҡͷ
ôأ૵
ɣϾ֮ǰʵ׸һ޵еĴ̾Ϣһ

۾΢죬ؿǰһУ·ʯһ㣬֮󣬲Żع૵ģǲģû˭ɱ
˵ţֱ˽Ųȥȴ鼸һסο⣬Ҳǽ޷ܵģȻѾˣҲΪ
ֻ𸳻ضԶĽӰüͷûۿʬ壬ǲģ
һ㶣Ĭ˵նʱһ˿ϣ
ӰȥӰ컹ŵϣ
죬ʱȴȫӰˣ·һ磬ǰ˽ǽ޾
ож壬һ㶣漴ʶһʹһЩϢ
Ԫ
סˣһĪУ컹ΪԼǽӰϮɱˣȻһȻõ˽С
ʱһֵ˱˻Եʹ뷨
ңҪ˵׷ҲţڴнҵķϣҾԭˣ
ֹһ˼Եɡ
˵һޣԪӦôǣǣѾˣȴֲòһС
˹ʺˣ
оɹඥ֮֮Уƺûоȡ
ҲΪĵڲͬԲŻ
ֻһ˲䣬оһѸתϢ֮һ죬תһ֮󣬾Ȼͣ
ʱȴסˡ
֮ڣ
ȻЩмСĹඥ֮ǣԼȻĪؽ֮֮ȴЩ֪ˡ
Ϣ֮عϲѡ
ԼʵǣԼľ磬ûʲôţѪӵԭаˣҪҳһ͵ģ̫ס
֪Լжѣǣڽ֮Īؾһף˵Ǻ͡
쾳һС磬ȱ˼С绹Ҫֲ
ϲ֮Ҳȶ̬ʱѾ޷жƺǱţһʱ޷⿪ϸϸ鿴ʶеĽС
Ԫ
õĽе֣Žֽ⴫УԪ񻯽ˡ
ʱȴЩ²⣬ܽϣǽķʶͬͬߣŻ͸һر
ԪĸͬߣĳƺҲͬԪʶԴ״̬Ҳ˼ά塣
Ԫʶֻǿʶ֮
⾳֮֮ͷ֮
ʱ죬ֻʩչ⾳֮ΪΪĲ档


617 ս
Ѿ˻߰ĲΣǣļִͣ⾳ĲΡ
۷Բ⾳ԺܺõطӳԪ⾳֮
ң˼ִôԪҲкü֡
磬ʱ˺ڰ⾳֮⾳⾳ɱ¾⾳⾳⾳Բ⾳ܻԪڰ⾳֮Ԫ֮⾳֮Ԫ⾳֮Ԫɱ¾⾳֮Ԫ⾳֮Ԫ⾳֮
Ļ⾳Ѿ˰ĲΣҲܻԪ⾳֮
ȵԺ󽫷֮⾳ֻ⾳гɣҲܻӦ⾳֮
Ԫһɱﵣ
һϢȫ鿴һ֮ȲԪˡ
šܾİԺܻܿ⾳֮
ȴ̫żˣΪĴ̫ӣֻһһֵܻ
ȣѡ˻⾳֮ΪִĹǿ˲ֵꡣ
ܵĹУһ˿ʶעΧı仯
ǣոսܵḶ́ϵĽʧˣҲֻε˳״̬ԼϢһЩԼľ֮ͣĺڡ
֪ǰĳָʵ֮мĿһЩС͵Ϯ׾öϹҴ÷
ڽܴ֮ʱƺһʱ䣬ʵΧ߿ֻаϢѡ
ģ޽ӰɢȥǱֳѪӵϵȺˡ
ȥȻû£
èתģо
̫ǶˣһΪһѣ
Ѳк󸣣ǰ;
һѹĹԿףսʵδȫָ˵л
Ļȥ԰ɣ

ģǧ갡̫ûˣФеԹޣ·Ҫ̻һ㡣
ѵã̫ȻûǾһ̣һФϣصְɣ
ãϣФɱһһ廯ӰԶ졣
һѳӹµµתţ¶ĹЦ
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۷׷ף֮βʱ򣬷սҲ֮СϾϣһöĹԿף˶õֵĶ
ңФ֮гԹ˶֪
ΪФɱ죬ȴɻ󲻽⡣
Фɱڵط֮һļ֣Ҳ֮ɱ졣
һ£˲ˣԭΪԤսʤȴ˲䶨˶Ϊذɡ
Сˣұ裡һУеɱһţȳ˼֡
пһУȴüͷ壬ԣϣʵԼУӦʵһȺС˵Χ֮С
磡Ҫɣвɱ֮ģῴʮɱڵӰץе䣬
üͷԽˣųŹԼ飬Ҳ֪ˣȷʵ˵вɱ֮
˼֮еͷԶ죬ȿɣܸоЩԾӦûʵӦһ£ȵΣͷٳ֣
Ŷ죬˵Զ죬ȴЩš
鼸ˣڿ찲Ȼػŵʱʱһ£һʮӰϮɱȥĳʱǸٴ
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˵ӦģʱһȺϮɱȥûжôص飬ټڼսӣˣпܱյ룡
һһ㶣۾һͷ˵ҸղŸоĵط

ʮӰϮ뷨跨ԼɫףȻл¶һ˿⡣
ȴȫ෴״̬ɣʡһȥң
ʵĿĸһФϣһоǸ޼
ֻǣʱֻФϺǰ΢Щʧ
ˣ⼸һ˵
ʱȻڵһ㽣أսܴ
ҲܴʱΣѾɵ˽棬еɱһǹʼת
Ѿ˼̫ˣһ뾡ɱپ˶ڣʤһЩ
˵ʵڶУǰеģսǿФϡ
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˺սȻö˵֮ǰʵӦսҲףţɿնɱˡ
ʱʵѾ˲٣ɱ˵Ļ͸ˡ
ֻһս࣡
Фȳ֣뽣֮󣬾ʮɵʱ򣬱תԪһ˫ɫķ˿ֲķ籩תž죬У泤ǻûһ޴ĵӰֱ
У
ǽ󣬷ԼĹһߴаӰг趯ûĽâ۳һ޴а֣֮նץ졣
ڤɱ
ֲ׵ĹԼһһศɣϯԶ۵ȺһУһ䡣Ȼ˲һʶľ֣ҲǿԱġ
쿴һУ˲ָ򾲣ǹת˵ϽâγһʮɴĹȦ
Ӱ֣ׯϵƣʹսƽ˼ׯء
ǹ֮У˵ĺ޼ɵ֮⣬ֱһǹ
þ
˲䣬ڰ⾳ɱ¾⾳⾳ںϣûһǹֱ˶˵ɱ֮С
񱩵ײ˲ɢʮ֮ڵĽФ˵ǰͷ赲죬һֱ֮ӻ˷籩ɱ˶ˡ
ʱФ޷ӦľٶҲǶһ˼ⷢ
ɢͬһ⣬˶ˣһ£ףղŵȫװġ
ʱǺ˵ʱҲû˵˼ѣҲҪն죡


618 ǿϮ
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ɱ
˴һ泤ͳûֲĵԪԪӭǽʮλĸ֣ҲѾսеıзɣһǿĹϯ졣
Ȼ壬˲ʩչĿֱָФϡ
ǹϽʮֵԪγɵĹˣƲɵֱФϣ·Ҫһ㡣
Фϴʧɫ泤ѸҲʩչǿ󹥻Ĺֱӵת˾ųɵԪһն
ն
Ԫ鲼ԪУ·Խʻٵ˵һ㣬ǹײɢʧӰ١
ϾĹѾǵڶδ㣬ˣȻ޷ФٶȷĹ
ʮ죬Фϳûٶ˿ֲһ
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ʮȴǿֲӲӵĻʵǣҪȫܿȴѣԣ첢ûȫܿǿܹ˴ӲסСֵĹ
ԷϾǸ֣ˣǱʮԶ˵һ㽣ӡ
ܵǰľʹϵɱԽԽˣԶʮӹӰоȻһ˿м
ʮӰһɱڣһ죬顣
ʮɣһһŶԷȥǣˣȴǼӶ
м֣ȴƵΧ졣
ʮɡ
ʮɡ
ۿǰĵжʮɵʱǹһ٣ҡҷӰׯϣd˰ɵķΧȵӿȥ
񣡡
ɫأг͵ش˴һΪѪȵɱֶ
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ФϣŹ泤Ƶб棬ٶȻûɫ˫ۣһ
оɱ
˵Ĺһǰһٶȼ죬Ȼ˵
Ĺ죬͡
һɱ֮󣬱ѸٵתǹФһ̣һԱФϵĹҪǿǹֱӳ˶Էҵ籩֮С
ڶǹ֮͵һθɣױܿʮ˵ǹҲ͵һ̣ͷųһǰշһǹͬʱֶһץ˲䣬һʮɴӡƾճ˵ͷϣһץ
ħٴء
ֲĴָ䷢ˣЩˣ֮ϽɫУֻҽУҲûϢ
ɢȥ֮󣬱㿴ʬѪ֮С
һǹҲȫĿ꣬˵ķӦȻ죬ȴֻ˼ɣû뿪ĹΧֱӱһǹһѪӡ
սˣһ𺳵ˣ˭֪һ᲻Լ
죬Ʋһǹʮɣһվ֮󣬱㿴ĸӱ˲նɱŭӣеĳٶָ죬Ϯ
ФϣǱһÿѪʮ֮󣬾ޱȵؿˣȻ˲նɱˣҲЩɵˣվԭأ粻ؿսԼȴЩԥҹǰȥ
֮䣡
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ФϣڿһĻʱʱһĿؿͬʱҲעԼΧı仯
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Ȼɫ䣬ѷɵֻӲͷƤվһ
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˼һ֮⼸˼ʷɱ죬Χ
ФϣſӰ֮󣬱Ҳ뷢ǿǰ⸱ֲȻп˵ѡ
ǲںЩ˵ᵣԼʧᣬʹ˰սΣһˣǾЩòʧˡ
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ء
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ԥţӦٳȥɱأǳߡ
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ǽַʲôɣϢƺ̺һ˿ħ
ħﾹȻħħڵҿ˵һЩħ˽С統Գרɱߣ

ֲ²ȴû˵Ļ
ϢЩϤһ룬ˡ
ڤħͼϢ̹ǿħ
ڤħͼˣǲڤҲӦõˣ
һΣɫ΢ЩǾ²ڤǵڤħͼħʲôҪѺͿֲ⡣
ˡ
һɺƴϢյ˳һ㣬ӿ죬ΧС
˲䣬оΧĿռˣٴνǸڰɭĿռ֮С
Ȼˣɣαزͷβأ
쾲ؿǰڰ磬ߵ۷壬ȴûһ˿⣬ϵϢȫȴһĻɽһ㣬ʱпܱ
죬þòˣЩӹûɣһɭɭ쳹ռ䣬üͷ΢΢ʶѾȫչˣ޷׽ԷӰ
ڤҲܾã仯Ǻܾûˣ㾹Ȼ˵СˣˣʶŲڤλãһ佻̸š
СߣȷʵǵСˣԴԺҵĵӾû죬㡭ܺãȻ޷ڤӰǿõʱӦһҧгݵӡ
ң쵭һЦ
ʱڤȻĬˣ·³סĿһ㡣


619 ĶԾ
֮󣬲ڤٴˣȷʵ㣡
Եͣ٣Ĭŵ㣬ҾͲСѰˣ
ŶڤҲǾˣûв´ĻԴӷֿԺʵӦǴ˰ɣǶʮǿǰжû⣡һЦ
ʮǿߣһȺѣҲҳǿ֣кͣڤмصȻӦøʮǿеĳһ֡
һڤ֪ʱսǿˣǣҲҪСµӢۣʮǿУ߰˸㶼һ֣
ߣ죬ǷϻЩкͣ»֪ҵʵɣЩͽ֮ǺҲ£ڤԸȫոյĽߡ
ڤǸ߹㣡˴ν֮ʮǿУһһʶҿ¶Ƕ֣㾹Ȼ˿˵ǵأ֪쵭˵ţǸ飬Ǳġ
һʶ˵𣿺Ǻǣҿʶһжǿڤˣƺоһ˿޵ɱ
ʡʡɣҶҼҼڤǸʵ𣿡һЦǵĻȴЩ
ʵѾԼԼܵ˲ڤֽʵȷǰǿˣ쿴Ҳ֮ǰһʶ£ûеĳ̶ȡ
ߣ죬ˣ֪ʲô˼޷뼤ŭңҳҵλãڤЦһˣǲĵģɱ㣬ҾѪӵϵһʶ֣նɱ
쳤³һ֪Լ뷨ùһţڤʵˣֶ˲٣Ƭ̵Ľ̸ҲԷӰ
ڤǵĽ̸ˣսɣҪ˶٣쵭ص
ߣ㿴ģ֪ʱһֺܹŹֵ״̬ʱ򣬹ҲһĶ֣״̬ȴôýģҵڤħͼ֮Уƿأһܿɱ㣬Ȼ޷УڤЦţڿռУϡ
һ㶣漴һϻ˵ְɣ
˵ֳ꣬ǹ˲ͷųϢڵĿռУһӰ֮ϣӳ˽ɵġd֣һƬռ䣬ɢغȻ֮ƺռҪһ㡣
Ϣ֮ǿеľ޴󡰅dȻתգ·鼰ڤħͼûĿռ䡣
ţ㻹б£ڤħͼҲ㣡ڤٴ𣬴Щ⣬һ˿ģǣֶΣ޷ʱڤħͼģúõҴɣɭϢ󣡡
ŲڤʩչڤħͼγɵĽռ佥ŨŨ罥ŭս˿˿ɵ㡣
쿴ǰĳɫ΢䣬һѾ̹ڤһˣǣֽһУһοǿ˺ܶ࣬òСӦˡ

һׯϹĽŲ쿴ԶһͬһӰǳ룬ɭɭģͬ˵һ㡣

һӰüͷ漴һ䣬ֶԶĵɭϵӰնֵ
ȼľ
ȵĻͬ籩һ㣬ϯȥ˲䣬ЩӰʧӰˡ
ǣȼľչ˲ĵطȻţѹȫûиӦȼľĿֲЩȼľĿհ׵طرռˡ
ɫһͣ漴кһֹǰɣ
漴ǰݻ֣ȭԶһȭ
˲䣬·һˣȭûһ޴ķӰ沼µľģоŵӵӰΧŷֳׯ£ͬһ㡣
ֹӰͷų貵Ĺ⻪ȿǸd֣ͷųĹâҪҫۡ
ȭ
ŭһȭһչ˲ռ䣬ת貵ķ⽫ˣһʧ١
ڵĹȭǷԴһնɱȺħ񼼣һȭ貵ķ⽫ĺڰ˹硣
ռ䶼һȭ£·Ҫһ㡣
һУ˹֮ôǻ֪һ
Ȼ෢ӳѡ
һʧʱһжĺܴ󣬲ܾʩչ
벻㻹ֶΣúãǾٽһУĬٴƺȭݻܷŭ
ɭޱ󣡡
ɵϯ꽻ӣһ޴ϯ
첻Ҵ⣬ԷһǿҪȫԸ˫ʮָɣ˲ȭӡС־ʩչ
ˡޡԶ冣
Ŀһ޴ĹϡС֣ӡֳеľ޴󡰅dӳɻԡ
ʱռ䣬ȭӡֱϯܣһϮ޴ġСˡ
ʱռƺ޷ܡС־͡dֵʼѷ졣
쿴Уǰͬһ㣬ȴûбɢ
ЧҾټһѻ𣡡ɫһ䣬һ˫ʮָչ⣬Ĵָʳָӣ˲ٽӡǰ־ʩչջ
ˡޡԶ冣
Ĭ޴Ĺϡǰӡɣٴ롰dֽϣգɢһɼΪ嫵ΧĽϡ
䡭
˲䱻ɢ֣쿴˽ӣѪӣӰ
ԶȺڰ˵ٴγ֣ʧ˰Ҳ³֣ޱȡ
û
ţ
ǺˣȻԺڰһƬռ䣡
벻쾹ȻƽԷΧǲ˼飡

ΪѾˣϲǲΰ룬ФȴϲѣȻվڽ֮Уǳ֮⣬о¡
Ȼǣһ֣ûǣǿվһź۵ˡ
ˣȻǲڤʱĳĬѾڵľˡ
ؿʮ֮죬벻㾹ȻԻٻҽɵĽ磡
쵭ؿŲڤֻħѣԼʵжǿ似㣡
ߣΪҵĽ˲ˣһеֶɱ㣡ڤָ򶨣һ
Ǿͷ쵭ص˵꣬ǹٴγУǹֱָڤ
ãڤһеڤħͼɭֱ̣Ӷ׳˫ֽ˹ӡдʡ


620 ǿΧɱ
ɭ޹ɱ
ڤһʩչϣ˲ͷųһɹһ޴С
ͬʱйɭɭһӰӳ֣ȥ
С
һһ𣬽Ӱֱ֣ӹȥΧĹӰˣȻǹǰ͵һһȦ
˲䣬ֲĻ֮ӿЩӰ˲ɱͬʱһǹȥƲֹݺݵײϡ
䡭
ֲɢ˲䱻ײ٣ֱ֮ȫݻ٣ܿʧӰֻʣǸɭڵա
һУڤɫ䣬ֶɭһץץУȻһȭֲԪӿ졣
ɫƽ̤ǹŲڤһ̣޴ǹӰȻԷȭӰײɢ˵θ˼ɡ
ʱ򣬲ڤŷ֣컹һǿûնɱԷʵ
ԶФϼˣȵʱ֣ʱ
һӵϵȺȻ
ȥ޵ˣɱ
ѪȷʵǿǰһЩ
Ĵ񰡣ҳ㰡˭赲޵еĽŲ
Ҫˣ
ȥնɱ壡
˰ɣʵڶЩ

ڤĻФ϶һ㶣漴һۣʲô·ʵǿ
ʲô·ֻҪĵˣǾͬ·ˣФдϲӦ
ҪҪְæ
˵ĵˣѣȻˣФϵͷ
ãͷ漴Եļ֣һְɣ
̽ɱȥԶФϣҲǻŹ泤Χɱ˹ȥ
ɫ΢Щ˺壬սɲӦ
ȻʱһжѾ޷ıˣֻȫԸˡ
Ϣʱ䣬ӰΧɱڤȴǰסȥ·ֹվǵߡ
սĻٴˣǹ˸ּսһ
ģĸ̱նɱǣڤڳɴ·磬ЩǱ뼸˿սһѡ
ӵϵˣɫԵޱȣгģûж١ʵĵһѣЩȴϣڲڤ˵Χ֮¡
ɣúôɣǴˣҾ֮磬޼ģ似翴ѪȵĶһ㣬̰мź壬ĵ⼸һϵıɲٰɱ֮Щ㶼һˣ
һս̫ˣûаֵ֣һЩѹҪˣսֹ
ԶУһУüͷ壬ĵս֮ذɣɲҪĽ֪û˰棬ֵѹ
Աߵᵣĵؿļսе磡ҪְɣȥסǸˣˣ
ҡҡͷǳֵʱȿɣаļˣٳ֣
ðɣʧص
Щɻؿᣬ㲻ϲһ˰ɣ
ɫһ㶣漴ͨ죬һУͻ˵ôϲأ
ûоͺãԲϲһеͷصЩʧ䣬ֻǣнĻĸˣֻеҪϲһҲԣֻҪȸٺݺݵţʸϲ
磡˵ʲôأˣˣٴεһУƫͷȥڴУȴĺ
ϲ
Ϊʲô
ǵĵ˺Ͷˣôϲأ
ΪһһůϢ
ѵϲˣ

ӵ뷨ԺУٵԶŮ֮˽٣ֻǵĻţȴԼ˼άȫˡ
ֻǸȤɲκһģ˭ҪõᣬҪȹһء
΢΢һ֮ûᣬע۵˴սϡ
ںӵ̵һļЩżؿԶĴս
̫ðɫصؿŴս
̫ǿˣʲôȻʵɲһʶ̾һɻص
ۣǴѪļ֮һӦʶˣ
ĵˣһҪȫԸˣФڣĳܲðҡҡͷ
λѣҪȥɣĿ𸳣
һ㶣漴鿴𸳣Ҫ԰ɣ
ã𸳵ͷҵס֣סФϣʣµģͽɣӦÿӦ
⣡ְɣͷһֳɱФϡ
𸳽ֳ־鵶ɱȥ
Ⱥǰæɫˡ
;鵶
Ҫˣ˿ɲߣ
鵶ʵ壡ʵȻǲФˣⳡսľ棬ˣ
˳֣ռȥƣ˺һȺආôĶأ

ºˣҳ֣иְпų˲ת̬̾Ϣصϧǳ֣Ի飡
ῴսת䣬ϲѡ
Ⱥ޼ɫмˣȻмæߣɣţ
˵꣬Ųһţǹţɱȥˡ
޼һ֣˻ΪİأǣǿӰ󣬱㶼̾Ϣˡ
ûٰС˾Сˣµģ
һᣬԭȲϳȴǳˣ
鷳ˣǹһƷ̫ˣʲôжʹ

ٺ٣Ȼǹˣûɲ֣ؿ̬ķչЦһҪնɱΪпձ𣡡
˵ֳ꣬ŵɷӡս
ľٶ׼Ⱥ
̵ģһһҪ⵱߻𣿡
ƨĸϣʸ˵ϣ𣬻ʲôϿԣ
̫Ҫˣ֪ͶһĹĹԿף
˭ҵû˩ãܳˣ

̶̵ʱ䣬սϵֱ䣬Ⱥжɹġ
ոջϣս֣ʱ򣬳ƫ˲ڤˡ
޼ڤĸĸ֣Χм䣬һ㣬ɱš


621 Ԯ
죬ûôһɣڤɭɭؿЦţˣҲģϾôĸУ
죬ȥҵܵɣ۾Ѫ죬һѪ֮аħһ
޼һǹһߵ죬ӣȻǼ֣
һӦսһȵѣӺǣԴӽС磬ӱΧɾͶˣǼ
ڤһעҪɥҵ֣֮
ʱһɼΪŰϢ·һֻˡ
һȺ飬۸ֵܣүүҪǵأһŭһ㣬ǧķΧˣֻһ˴ֱꪴӺ޼
ﬡ
޼ǿȴκβ֮ˣֱӱԷһꪺʮԶҽ˽ӡ
ҿ̫ˣ˭Ȼʵ
ϤϤϢ
һôֻˣ
ս죡һǶս죡

ǵһӰֳһ˴ꪣݵվԣмؿŲڤˡ
޼ǾֲѣֲǰƺԴʱĶսǼɵ
ղûս콻֣ûôɵԷǣոձԷһꪺɣǹǿظܵˡ
ԲǶսĶ֣
սֳꪣƫͷ죬ֵܣôãҪһ
Ūģû취쵭һЦҡҡͷȺٴΣãôֻˣͲ°ֳ𣿡
ֵѣɽ𺣣ǣҪ˵ǸˣսƲƲ죬ԶļӰ
Ǿлˣ΢΢һЦ
лսڰָ֣ԶļˣǼ飬ΧֵܣӿǵԴߣ
ȻǷŭѣҲܼɵս죬ŭԣֻвڤʵصŶս죬Ǻˣ֮£ϣ㲻Ҫ֣
ޣսֱһڿˮʮԶָŲڤģǰʲôӣֵܣǾȻΧӲƤͲǶս죡
Ƕս죡ڤ۾΢Ȼ˶սǿ˿һʱ벻˭֪ս˵Լ֣ڤ֪ˣСкպսꪡ
ֻսڰˣôʵأ
ս첻мԿһ۲ڤһ㣬֪ʲôöͷβģʲô˲ƫҪСǲ㳤̫ˣҼˣ
սĻһڣӵϾȻЦڤӣط޲ýս̻ˡ
øս죬ҸӣȻңҲڤ㣡ڤصϵɱ۳Ŷս콥
ΣһҪɱأսЦȻ죬ֵܣһｻҰɣ
ץסĸ첲ɱǸһˣԳնɱ
սһ㶣𣿡
ŰɣһЦһ㣬˲ڤ
ðɣҾΪʰǸɣսε̯̯֣Ȼ޼սһӣɱȥ
޼ˣһǹ㵲ͬʱڵս죬ԩ޳𣬺αز֮飡
ı죬ͲʲôûſҪײĵļһаԵɱΪսĻֱһȥ
޼ֵúܳΪս̫ԵˣԲȵģοԷʩһЩԪλжǿߣҲܲסսһ
˼սһ𣬶սȫѹŴ򣬶޼˶սʵ֮󣬾Щ£Ӧսսú
ս죬˳սս֮޼ηɿˣ뿪˶սɱ˷Χȵ
һ˶ˡ
ҿ޼Ȼˣ
һɥܸҵ֮˰ɣ
޼Ȼ¶ս죬̫ˣ
ɱɱ޼Ǹ

սûֵͣ˼˲ɱǰȥû˿ҪŹԷ˼һţΪﰡ߾ߣȻˣͱˣֻһޣǾ޼
˵ţٴҵһᣬдꪺɱȥ
޼ɫأǹƴȫ赲Ǳʮɣս췢ǹڷ飡
ս죬޼ǺǵģɱңҪܵסҼһŭ𣡡޼һߵֵսĺɱһߺȵ
飡ģӲ£˭ûһ㱳ͨԳһ壬ǣս첻мһеµøˣ޼ˡ
޼˵ˣͨԳһ廹ģȻ֪жǿⲻǵġ
սҪɱ˵ٶҲãֻȫӦսˡ
ģ޼˻ս״̬û֮ǰôǱˡսȻǿҪ޼̼նɱȴûпܵġ
һʱ䣬˵ս˰ȻѪս

ɱ˲ڤڤҲû֮ǰĴݣһٱ䣬ȫԤϡ
ְæиһˣкܴĻնɱġ
Դսһ֮ƾͷ˺ܴı仯ƺ֮ǰҪǿһ֡
ôΧԷȴлǻĿꡣ
꣡
¼սҵһᣬǹޱȣֱӴһ࣬һֱ߳ӽ߷ʮ֮ԶѪ֮С
Ȼ磬ʮ˵Χ֮УʱʱһЩʵһ˺ۡ
Щڣô״ҲУҲУֻӲͷƤΧԷ
ǿѾȫǵϣһʶҲĶ֡
̫ǿˣоһֱ
ҿһʶڴˣҲһĶ֣
ҲôΪΪôΧ·磬ѹżˣȫƿս֣

ӵϵȺУ˫۾ɱڵض졣
ಢԶʮɵľ룬ԣܿ췢˱˴ˣؿˣŶ
벻ôǿ󣬱ϴοʱҪˣȭͷգԹޱȵؿ졣
һһǵõʲôԵȻôǿսӲ֪ʱʱɱ¾Ѿûпɱĳ棬ֱ˽ӡ
˲Ȼ鷳ʹˣصҲ˵ˣһ޷ſĳޣ


622 ʥٵԮ
ߣΣľ֣ش֮һֵùۣȻܵܶ˵żʹѹ㲻ǵжԹϵҲŹ
ѣԲӣϿвٺöңԺƽɣҽ϶ηŹңҡҡͷ
˵ô죿ս˭ɱüͷ΢
˲ɱҶ˼սпܽնɱһЦ
ңɫ΢ɣ𣿡
Ȼԣͷͣҿֻ͸֧ѣһ֣Ҫնɱѣؿżս죬
ȻˣֻҪͿˣαҪԳأӲ⣬
Ͳһˣ֣ıҵķݶվۿЩֻǹУһ˿ȣɭɭص
˼漴죬еǹһ˿̰ãҴӦˣ
²˳٣ߣϲ˵һ䣬𣬳ֽɱ죬ӽ
ģ˭ûнС˵ˣ
ôǳûٵ޳֮
һˣҪˣ
кγޣȻسѲΪ˹ĹԿף

ֲ²ӵͬһ㡣
ļ˿սޱȵĵǡ
ڼսڤѾڶԷһ˺ۣȻȴӰ쵽Էս״̬
ۿһǹҪвڤֱˣʱȴоɲϢ漴ɺĹڶ˹ڤһպñܿ͵Ϯ
ͷһɫˣȻѾŹǣκҾǣ
ߣ죬ΪӵôˣѷˣЩ飬ǿ˫۾亹ǣǿ򶨵ĻҪ˵ġ
죬ôˣնɱ㣿ˣɣݺݵص죬ȵ
һֻ־ͿɱǣҶֵʸûУ첻мؿŶˣеǹһ˲̽һĵؿ͵Ϯ֮˵Դ
ĻӺ͵ŭޱȣһ裬ûǷһ԰ǣܵˣһǰûϮɱ
ڤ͸ˣҲɱһ˵ĻᣬֺϹ
˲䣬˼ѵΧ֮Уϵľƶ
Ȼ˵ûнӺ͵֣ǣսϣὫκһ˵ɶ֡
ղ˵ĻֻǼŭԷʹʧȥе侲Ƕѡ
սȵؽţһ˶սʮˣս޼𸳼սסФϣʹúӵϵ߲ιһֵȺս
ȺУżսе죬΢̾һǷ˵ģܹҪݶ飬ǻʱˣ
һأһ㣬ƮȻսĿ꣬ȻӺ͵
ģȻҲˣ̫˼ˣ
˵ʲôڰ죬һЩ
ȷʵڰ죡ѵã
ƺûʲô飬Ϊθðŵô˵Ĳ踣죿

ְ죬ĵŵҲԶһ
սϣӺ͵ǰȻֵİɫһ䣬üͷԩ޳ƺҲûʲôɣΪҪҶˣ
мؿһ۵˵ΪֵʸûУҲûʸΪҵĶ֣֪ЩôãȻŽ˶ʮǿҵվһУֱǶǵ裡
ʥ٣ΪԼж˲𣬼ȻˣͲҪˣֶΣһŭԪӿɱڵضŰ
ɱ죬ܹʥٰնɱҲһҫ۾΢УضŰӵļһǵֶΰɣ֣
ã֣һɫ̣ȴǳһƷıȻֿʵֻǿ֮ĩǺǰҲӦ
ֻһָ֣ᲦԪʶڣɼŶ˾ȥ˲㵲ס˶˵Ĺơ
쿴ְԼһ㶣漴ҲԵɣҲ飬Űлѣ
һսһ߻ӦңҲӦ㣡л
û˵ֱӶŲڤ͸ȥһ񣬻ö˺
ȻŻᣬתɱǼߺ͸ӡ
Ȼڤ͸ȽѶԸǣ⼸ˣɶˣźͨ˻ģ⼸ȣһأ硣
꣡
һǹһ߼ҵӵؿڣȴǴ˷βû˼Ҫԣֻˣ㱻һ߷ɣƶһ˵ҩˡ
ͲڤȴǽᣬѸٿ죬ɭ̺͵ɷӡ˹
첻дȫתٵش̳ǹס˶˵ĹƣȻļɱȥ
սȻܺãֻҪնɱЩ鷳Զϲڤ͸Ҫ࣬ȻЩ˲ΧӰʱʱ͵ϮǲСģױԷ֡
һ㣬ǱǶԷԶս٣ܿĵʱҪӦսֲԶˡ
ӵϣһ˿սɫӡ
Ϊܿǿ֮ĩԷܣȻȴô˰æʵǳеϡ
֪Ϊʲô֣Ӱûзְн飬ɻ
ᵣĵؿսͰ͵ҡеĸ첲磡ȥɣ
ɣ˼һ󣬱ðɣȥסһˣʣµľͿԼˣ
һϲѣ߹ȥУСĵ㰡
ţͷҲûأ֮߳󣬽һأڿն𣬹Ԫ˲Уսɱȥ
ҲˣЩˣϣˡ
ģоȻˣôܣ
Ӧðһǿߣôأ
øĶ첻Ӧ÷Ź⵹ãΣԼ
ĲŰɱ֮һ㣬оȻˣˣˣ

еľٶļɫ䣬֮ǰ֣ɱ죬Ҳɲɱ졣
ǣͷоȻˣеʵ鷳ɾʹˡ


623 ټɱ
ô죿ô죿ĿԶսص
Ҫȥɣ࿴ⳡ棬
˰ɣʵܰﵽʲôֻңҡҡͷ˵չǣЩնɱ
˶ʱĬֻܰЩˡ

гŹԪꪽսʱͷˣüͷ˵ʵһ˲䣬оΪɱԼ
ûɲ룬ǣ˲ֱ뷨Ӧòôһˣǲûٵġ
ڤ͸ˣеɫ΢䣬ǽӵϵ˶У֪ʲô飬дϲ
еϢǿ˲òҲ֪ضСеĸ֡
ֻǣһ̣ڤɫˣ˵ɫˣɫҲˡ
ֻŹԪꪣŸɱȥ
󾪣бҪǿ֣еĶ֣οôɱĲСеĶˡ
ΪңҺ²ûгԹܿԪꪵķâһ࣬ɫصؿС
ûԹͲɱС磬ɱƺûйأеĹԪꪺɨȥʮɴСĹ⻡ͬһ㣬ֱն
ʧɫתٴαܿһꪵķâͬʱɷӡǰؿУҪҸɰɣ
ҿ㲻˳ۣɳְɣЦһӳͼֳǹϢѹø
˵仰󣬸֪ˣֻӲͷƤ֮ս
ԭǰ찡Ǵˣ
Уǰĸ֣ȷʵиֵķȣԹ
ʱգ˱ضһǿлһǿߣ
ԪꪾԪꪣдȣ

еľٶ˲佫˵Ŀתˣ˵аܱ£ֻǲͣسԶᣬЩ֮󣬸˲ѡ
磡˲ܵõأսеУ
еĳ֣˺ܴѹҲȻ˶Էĺ⣬Ҳû˵һл֣֪ڱɱ֮ûɾܾ
û˸ԼˮٶȻǹзתɱĲڤ˺

ս˴ת䣬ڤЩżˣɭ߿գ˫ʮָɣӡдʣ˲ʩչ
ͷǰϷһʮɴСӰͶںڵĹâһɢô˲֣ץ
첻дǹȻһ̣˲һӰȻһ߳ûһ޴ĽӰһӰ߻١
Ӱ֮ͶӰֻܶ࣬󲿷ֻɱ
˺һʮԶűܿ˲ڤһ
ʱ쾹Ȼ֣վԼʮɴԼӺл
ʱϲתֳָָ
ָ
Ȼһľ͸գȴûзһ㶯ڤһ˿һ£ŵȵСģ
һܶ˶ǣʶʲôҲûз֣ûܿ
ֻһ˿ĸоȴ˵
ܿ죬ɴ۾ʱֻáءһԴױˣһͷʬ壬Ѫ׹䡣
ֱʩչ˸֮ʬУȡ˿ռָͱȻ촷ۡ
һĻһЩͷһ
ֱ֮ӶŲڤ˹ȥٶɱ
ˣˣ
ˣʲô
ߣǼһԼƼöҩҵȺȡģҺ޲˺
ʲôöΪ԰ĽѾע
һǿɾһȡҩĻᰡ
ˣ֪˵ڵ֮ϣ
ʲô̫û˰ɣô¶õˣ
ʲô£ǰΧҲǺ𣿡
ǵҲǣ˵ǻ绽ꣿ

һܶǰԽкãһЩȴǳ
밵Ľսӣô׵նɱˣ밵սˡ
ʵ޷ڰмȥˣű˵ȥƣźӵ̷ɱȥ
ȥӾȻˣ
̫ˣǵأ
سȥߣһǸ

Ӽٷڰգ·ȺʲôѾûˣֻϿط
ˡ
ȻһһӰǿʱ򣬷һ޴ĸӰԼжʮ֮ޡ
ɵۣܣ㱻ɿֲĸӰһΪ궼ˡ
ˡ
һһӰ߳ӵһȥ˲㽫ץУ˿ռָսȥ
øɴһǺͷôδ
Ǹһĸ֣ղһնҪѿһ㣡
ҼǰѪģ
ǴѪļ֮һǲڤһͬģ
˵ڤΪһˣ
˵Ҳ˵

ӰһսܱˣֱŲڤ˹ȥʮɵʱһԲһ

һʮɴĸӰƾճ֣Ųڤȥ
ɱڤɫ䣬ˣͬʱеɭͷ赲һ
죬һｻңɱеĴ󸫣ֱӳɱڤƺʯͷڤһ˲
죬һĻЩжҲЩΣȻˣܲ𣿸οɱй飬һϧĶ֮顣
ʯȴɱһֵжԹϵΪʥɽϷһУʹǵĹϵ΢ʱѣʱȴİˡ
ɱδ߳С磬Ӳ֪ģĵıһҲпܸıǵ塣
֪ЩСУɱʲôļʲôı仯£Էְܳ飬ˡ
ɱס˲ڤ˺ֻܶ࣬мʵһĸ߼ӵܺǿһսһ
£Щ˵ѹɾʹˣû˾ֵԼϬ޿赲ǹ裬һ㣬Ⱥ֮С
꣡
˲䣬һߵüı̴죬նɱ֮󣬱㽫ǹͷתһˣּ䣬ͷء
䡭
켸Ƿйһ㣬һ߻ǹһȭŲãһòʬ壬Ѫ֮С
ϵüȡռָʱҲȡʬѪӡ


624 ħ
֮ʶͣҲʶᡣ
ȫնɱЩ߼ӵܣҲȫɱ
̫ǿˣСһ
һʶڴˣθ룿Ҫ֪ﵽʧδۿ찡
ʱʵǳһʶģڽջ񲻺ãԶĶ֣

۷׷ףɱ˲۵Ľ㡣
ڿӺ͵̱ɱ֮󣬱ûжֱӻص˺ӵϡ
Уڿɱ˲סе֮Ҳû˵Ƶ츽ɻ˰ϡ
ʱѾûˣֻܻ
ڤɱĶ֣޼սúФϺǱ𸳲סһһľ֣ǳƽ
ʱ֮ǰߵĿ۽ʮ˵սϣƺѾ˽֮еĴУЩڽнܴеš
ڤɱսһ𣬱Ͽ˲£ʵϣڤȴǽп಻ɱѪ飬壬ʯˣʯһͣڤò󣬶ȴԽսԽͣöãԽڤð
޼ȻǶսĶ֣Ȼս첻ڶʱǣӽս񣬶սһֱռϷ磬·Ū޼һ㡣
Фϣʵ࣬ǣʱ伤սĻضȡʤ󣬼սãҲǲʤ
ȻĶ֣ٴνֺ󣬱㱻ѹŴ
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ﬡ
ɱеĴȻ£ڤɫ΢еɭǰͬʱԪĵУʱһɶߵİɫֳܣɱֱ˷ϣһ

ڤܵԪ֣޷˰ԵһѣһϢɢӰ١ڤˣҲǱһɰԵѸ͵ײõɳȥɫ£һ˿Ѫߣ˳°˳εϡ
ڤвδֳκεʹֻ࣬зŭ޵ķŭ
Ȼɱˣ
ǲԭµ飡
ֹסΣƾǽϣû˿ĸоԨؿڼҵţɱ˰Σŵû뵽һᱻˣ
㣬Ҳûжĳɾ͸Уɱʱ侭ദѧϰ˺֪ܶʶ˼ά鿿ˡ
ܺãɱ㣬һгɾ͸еģڤɭɭЦеɭ̱ս˿ռָڤħͼȴǳУ綾һ㶢ɱչڤħͼһںڵĹνơ
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ǺܺãʩչδʩչɱУҲҫˣɱ㣬ǰ񸫣ҵڤħͼһ֣գڤЦһڤħͼȫչһħɢϣڿлۣγһ޴ģӰ֮ߣͬһħ񣬽ⰵ󣬱Ըܳǿơ
齻ս˫Ϊܵɿֲƣͣ˼սһϾؿŲڤߡ
ǸڤվһļˣҲһأԹħĵˣȻʱţֹı䵭ˣǣ޷ȫɢڳϵУħйص鶼˾֮ġ
ڤħͼϵͷħеǵӰȫںڣȻγɵۼս£ͷۣͷ­мСһ㣬ͻ֡
мǸͷ­ֻ֮⣬ಿֵ༫ΪƣͦıۿŨüԲһ㣬΢̣ƽ˼ְһ˫Ķ䣬˼ֹ졣
ֱۣǰ弫Ϊȴǹس˫뱳󣬲ڹƬָһ㣬˸
ǰ˫ۣʮַ·޾һ˫֣ɫ֮⣬һģһ
ֱֻֻϣһĹǴ͹·һ㣬﷢
ͦգǰ˫۱أ΢΢ͷ˫۽գ·ǽڤ֮УûиоΧһС
˵ѹ޴һħ񣬷·ħһ㣬ǱۣҲһƣ·С磬޷סħпܱ顣
⡭ħ
ģǼһȻٻһħ
ˣˣħһΪ⣬ӣ
ȻٻĴħС磬Ҫˣ
ӰɣӶԶӶԶ
ˣĴħּɿԽռ䣬ͨ㣬ҲĹƣ
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һʱ䣬ӵϵȺˣæӴܣһȺһȺطԶ˽ֻвһˣԭأǵɫҲޱȣҲ򶨺ܶ࣬Ǻܶ࣡
Ǹǻǻ㲻
ֻһӦûбʵδ˼ǣ
طӦûðɣһǵģ
ŰɣѲк󸣣Ҳעдһ٣
˵ʵǷסٻģöãضɢ

ħӰԽԽɢϢҲԽԽ󣬳ɱ֮⣬˽Զ޷סɿֲƣѹ·ҪĤһ㡣
ʱҲޱȣӰһ֣ĪһѪ壬ɱ⼴Ѷ
ŬؽԪеĶʹԼƽ
˲֪ǣԸܵǰ޴ħӰӦֻ䱾һ˿ӡڤħͼ֮УڤܽٻȻʲôܣһǻ˴
ͷųƿԿӰӵʥ˵
Ȼ޵Уǣ컹δԴΪӰ޷ɱԼ
ǡǡ෴ֻ֪ҪӰһ֣Լɢ
絤ﲻпɥڴˣ
ʱ룬Ϊ֮Уڤʩչһأ
غһ£콫ĸƽ˼ţʲôʱó峤ı
뵽ҪԼеĵƶȫԼ
ɽڣûգ
ħ٣
ȻڤħͼĳĬеڤħͼͷһ
˲䣬ǵӰеͷ­Ľëһ£ֻһ£·һ㣬ѹ˴Щڿеߣ·𱻽ڿһ㣬޷


625 ʾ
ˡ
һ˫ӽˣпգڶһ㣬ȴף
һۣСȻһطƺӰ쵽ˣһɲǵͣͣ漴һħͷų·С类ˡ
Χֻ޾ĺڰ֮У޷԰ΣʸûУ
Ŀ־壡
ħӰһ۾ɨһȺû˿ɱ⡣
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˭ħӰ
ʴȣϵĳһ㣬ҳֵʸûУɱǣǶԼ£
ЩޱȵңƶоգǣЩţҵͬʱҲһ˿ķŭ
ΪǵϣױԷһˣ
Ȼ죬ˣǣʱǻЩԳܡ
кЩˣɶԵʥ˵ģǵʵЩǰһ΢ҲõЩ˵ĳ޺͹
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һϢ֮˲оǹϢʧˣħӰҲƿˣ˹Ѫӣ˺콣
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δˣǶûˣȴһֱţ·ѶԻһ㣬ƽЩ̾Ϣˡ
һ̣ȴչΪħһ档
ֻŵ˫΢΢ſֶŽһץ˲䣬ֻɴ֣Ȼ֮ޣ·Ҫһ㣬ֲħзӿһɲ
ˡ
ȻһĽ˲£۳һޱȾ޴ɫӰɢƥƣ˲ɢֶĹħ̴ֻ޴ơ
ģֻ޴ħֱɢˣһɹħڽӰΧ
Ҳˣһ̾ϢħӰзջ˹ħֻƣָԭˣֱֻٴαǰ·һ㣬Ž٣ӿĹ޺ʹңֽȥδӣˣѣ
һ̾Ϣ֮һħϸ߿գֻһһ޴ĿѿֳһƬޡ
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ħӰʧڽϵľ޴ӰҲɢ޾ص˽֮С
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еĽţѾˣ޵ˣˣŮˡ
һһɻȻ㿴ǵ޴ħӰһķ˼ֱʧҲǳڶԷӡ֮С
ɶ񣡾Ȼͣҵɶǿɶұض㣡֮еĲڤħӰʧѹֵŭ˲䱬š
ϢΪȣӦǸոʩչٻĺ֢
ûжʧħӰκãڰյ˸ˡ
ͣʱ䵽ˣսֽʼ
ĵˣʲôֶΣʹɱؿŲڤƽص
ʧصĲڤɱʵģеѪɫȻţͳصҲܣҲеֶλɱ㣡
ǾɣɱоȻһ˿меĴ󸫻ڤ֮һ㣬ɱȥڤƵú
齻սҲѾչˡ
ô£֮ļսеһɻ󣬽أ˼ˡ
ţҪҪְ죬Ͼ쵱ѣ˵һҪǣѹŴǱҲӦ磬ƺûгֵıҪ
УͷһɰģǣϵĴսʱɫ
Ͷս죬ǲڤɱӦģõ˽У˹ඥ֮
߬˼ȭͷͺһбƿս˺ӵ̡
λսƶÿһ˵ɫһ
벻ҵõ˹ඥʵȴûаѹһһ޵΢ϵĽ֣·һֻҪһ㡣


626 ֮
㶼Ӧûţ޵ɱһ뽣ӱԵʮɵʱͣ˽Ų綾һ㣬죬һ̰ɣ
ֻӰһͬӥһ㣬죬еĳɢѪϢ
۾΢У˲У޵ȥ
޵еٶȱһЩȽϽԣϢսȦ֣ս졣
޵һ˺ܶ࣬Ǳɫš
ǣϢ֮ѾսȦֱɱ޵С
޵дŭһ߳ӭһߺȵ㾹赲ңұɱ㣡
ɱңûб£һʩչһ߻Ӧ
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֪սʤ޵УҪնɱԷȴ̫ף޵ҪӵĻס
ԷѾˮˣҪ˳ɲô׵ģնɱ˸ضҪúŰһ޵С
죬һҵУ޵һ߼սһŭȵ
֮ǰȫԶʱ𣬵ǣõеս٣޷ڶʱ˶ԷԷסѡ
ʱɱ鷳ʹˣпܱնɱ
֮ĶԻȴһ˵ע⡣
죿Ǹ죿Ůڽӱأųϵļսü΢һۺӵϵģߣôһĵˣõʦõĳ˼ĺ룿ʵڸɱ
ؼǵãߵúܽģȻ֮ǰӡսɣע⵽ˡ
һ֮죬еϸûϫӰֱҪ
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һͣת˶ԸϮɱеǹл
ֻһз̫죬Էʵ̫ˣûüסǱϸദȻûд̽ȥǣֲĽȴ˵ֱӱʮɡ
һû˺ۣȴһ˿ˣȻأȴӰ쵽ж
ô£ŮΪ͵Ϯ죿
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ҿһʼˣԷ׷ɱģ
ϹôŮӣʼ𣿡
Ȼ᲻ãҲ죬˵˼ʸ񣡡
Ҿ֮ӦйԹģ

üͷֻ΢һ£ȴûΪʹжı仯ֹסκ󣬿ٴɱŮӣɻͬʱҲǳķŭ
ǺˣΪ͵ϮңһֳǹָŮӵ
֮ˣŮֻػӦһ䣬еɱȴûٰͣ֡ŭ˵ֱӳǹɱ
Զˣȴ˲䳳졣
ɣҾ˵ʼɣǿɶˣ椶֮ˡˣ
˶ҪҵĻ۶أ
ҿһҵһŮˣŮӵģ
˵ǸŮҿпܣ
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Ȼ߼Ȼе¸ţ˵ûŮ˽飬ϲɣŮӻ˵ԭ򣡡
˵᲻Ƿ治УŻ椶ģ
񰡣սʲôϣӦöģ

Ůӵʵǿǵõ˹ඥ֮Ҳܵ˶Էǿһʱ䣬ȻԷƵ·硣
ǣ͵ϮֵܣӲƨɲŹ֣޼սĶս죬ҲӦŮӵǿ׷ɱ޼תɱŮӡ
ʱһһӰжٶȼ죬ǿϢ˲תע
ֻ㽣УһӰŽ֮ûһʵ޷˵ӰϵļǿߣȴС
սѾŮʮˣȴϢĳֹ֣סΣһؿˡ
̵ģ˾Ȼˣ鷳ˣ˵ʱɫ΢䣬ת˼£֪ʲô
Ľս֮ˣҲΪǿϢڴͣս
ӵϣȺˡ
˭˭ˣ
ÿֲϢ˭ôࣿ
ǲн𣿺ÿֲĽⰡ
һһʶУ
᲻ǰΰ

ս죬һŭ𣬹һ㡣
һɼΪֲĽ˶ս죬˻ڵ㽣֮УɱȴѾ
Ӱ㽣֮ʱֻһӣڽƯһţ˲С
ĹԿף
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ʱ򣬼ǿˣ˶Ѿµ˴˭
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һʶ
һʶһǿϢͶս켸˵ɫ˼֡
֮ĺڣȻ֮ĺڣһ̫ˣһС磬⻹ˣѾ˵ڶ㽣ӵһʶս
֮ڵһʶֲܿ
ԭ֮ڵһʶս첻ˣһСһʶս״̬£Բ֡
ѵҪ⿪Ѫӡ
ս첻üͷһʶٴγ֣ȫıս֡
ˮڣΣӺʱ¹򲻹ܣսվеսꪻһȦϵս𣬳ɢϯĽ⣬һʶɱȥ
תۼ˱㼤սһ𣬴ʱһʶһ޷Ľ⣬һС
ֵϢֱ㣰֪һʲôУȻƣоһʶĽ֮սϵǿɻˣرǼõеĽޣԶüͷ
һ̣һʶѹˣһֵļսĻ
ս챻һʶֻȫͶսϾ˼ˡ
ûᣡ޼Żߵģ֪ԼǶսĶֻ֣Ǳնɱǣһʶĳ֣һᡣ


627 ޷Ľ
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ŮһʶֺɫޱȣԷϵĽ⣬ȫѹ⣬ʵĲ
˼һ˼ɱ֮ϡ
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Ե޹ʵر͵ϮȻһŭ⣬ԣΪǸŮˣ㱣ʵһ档
սغ֮оһϢƽ룬֪˭
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ŮӵĶ֣ȻֱɱŮӡ
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죬˵ĶԻصǫˣûŹ֮еκһˣȫȥ
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ģΪβشүүĻ̫ûòˣսһߺˣһ߽š
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ˣܺΣɱУб£Ҳѧһ°սƺ˿ʹѪ֢֮һͼսһߵ٩Ŷ֡
ʩչѪҲ޷նɱңһʶһ߾еĳֱȥһ޴ĽӰ˶սͷۿҪնͷˣȴսŭһһƬնս¶նûһ޴Ӱ˲佫ԷնĽӰ
һ֮󣬶սɫЩףͷϽ˺顣
ѪĿǰľ磬ʹãҲ޷֧̫á
ʱȻЩ飬Ĺھ޴
̵ģ˸˵ˣѪ治ʹðҵĸڰ˵㵱ʲôãƫƫҪѪô鷳пһսȻһնαˡ
ʱѾһʶʱ伤սˣȻҪѪµĺ֢֮ˡ
һʶȻѾ͸ʱ뿪еĳϵشսҪϵɱҲ£Σϯȥ
ëĪţ㣡
Ȼ֮дһޱĳֱս


628 Ľ
ţһΪֲɱϯһʶʹжüͷҲ
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ģ뽣ĹȻһ㣬ÿһôֲҪˣ
̫ǿˣҲ֮ڵϢ
ÿһ뽣Ľޣ׵ɣ

Ϣһ֣˵עһʶɫΪ
֪Լ⣬Ȼ˽˽
뵽ˣҲطʮУֻ˲ʸ뽣֮С
ǣеһأ
뵽ǲнΪֻвнпܻý뽣Ļᡣ
ΣҲпܽ뽣ôС
ǹϢԽԽģˡ
ԭֲأ
˵ʱһʶˣ漴ɫ
ĻҲҪ֪ԭȵʵһ㣡˾Ȼһľ磬ʵгҵļһǻǿĽУȴ֪Ǻνһʶüͷ˹ս죬עŵϡ
ɱˣȻȥү㣡Ӱսϲؽˡ
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˻һ˵ǰΣһЩҲɫ΢䣬ͨԳһƼУһָҲƣ٣Ҷκ߶棬ǿ磬ֱ鵤ҩеһƴ
ϵߣս˾ƣҲȹһںɽʱõģЩƵƷʻ͵ȵġ
ˣ˶ûкȹֻ˵ѡ
μǵʱûܵʸΪ޷бҵ
ԣս˵֮󣬰ȫضˣıóһһĹЦŶս˻棿
˾ʲôʱ˵ٻ棡ս޺޵ؿŰΣص
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ǣһ֣Ҳ޷ʤԷѰһնɱս죬Ϊεʵ
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ţʱʥԣһѰϢӦһӽеõģֻЩˣҲûˣ⻹һСһĽɫ΢䣬ֹš
˵Ƽͬʱͷų֮ڵ߶˳ȥսѾʼ˵ĶԾȴƿʼ
һʶ޷죬һУɱɱ
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Ȼ
ᣡһʶһͣ漴һľ޽󷢳̶ջһߣŰϮ
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ߣ룡⸱龰һϵٴһ䣬̫˲ɭ޵ѪʬҰޱߵҵڿУγһӰһҵ·Ҫס


629 
ÿֲ󰡣յޱҵֱĳͷ
鲻ҵ棬ε󣬾Ȼֲ˹
֪һʶ֮Ƿܱܿҵ֮أ
һʶĽ⣬޷죬ҵҲ޷ң°εļҵҲκβð
ȿ˵ɣˣҹ˭Ҳκβ˭

ܸңΣһʶ۾΢һ˲ɢСγһ޴ĽǧС軷ƣ·ڹһ㣬Ϊ£֮ڵߣԶܵһȻɱͰ⡣
˼콣ǺǣǾһУɫһ㶣漴һЦҵ֮޾ҵ˲佫ȼգͬʱɭ޵Ҳ֣γһҵٽ׳֮
ߣ޷֮ҵһʶһϵɱ¾֮Ӷ˲۷壬ʮɵĹʩչǵ˲䱬Ľ⣬޷ƣγһɽ籩ҵл֮ơ
ɫ΢䣬ͷų۷ƣҵ˲û̫򽣻ƣ뽣籩γ֮ƣ¡
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ô򵥵⣬𣿺ԣεصĽУһʶĽлҪϳһЩ


εֵסԼÿһνһʶʱʶεʵԼ޲ˣһԷ϶ǻ˶ĽУһʱЩ⡣
һ
һʶϵһ䣬ʮʽ˲ʩչһʽһڴʱһʶУҲǻ磬ûʧȥ޷ơ
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ԣûж룬еļҵһӣʩչԼĽʮʽ
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εҲûгɣͷҰεĽʮʽ
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ȫؽ˼ս֮У˿̾ޱȣ˵ʵȫվ˳ϵ۷塣
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ʲôǿѷǿֻ߲ǿ֣֮н϶õһֶĽ

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챻Ůӡ޼͸סȻͣ˺˲С鷳Ϊǿ󣬿Ѿ˼ǧˡ
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޼һ뿪սˣ·սư˻ŮӺ͸вʧˡ
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ɫֱ䣬ת˼£ĹƣѸ˿źӵ̷ȥ
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뿪սȦҲû⣬Ǳ֮ˣɲĶ֣Ȼ뽫ɱ±ŮӲס޷նɱ
Ȼ벻鷢ˣֻһصӵ̣Ѹ˵λãתۼֻʮɵľ롣
ʱ򣬺ܶ˲ע⵽ˣɫ䡣
ãΣգȷ˹֮ȻУȻ÷䳾ˣսЩ˻ûʶ죬ȫĵͶ뵽սŮ֮С
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޿ɱܣȫӭУ˱ʹȫսӭս
ʵָľٶжˣˣ÷䳾Ҳˣа꣬ն񵶣
кͰΪ˱÷䳾Ϊ˽ύ죬ҲΪ˽ύ죬ն񵶣ҲΪ˱ΪҲǷһ
ҲһЩˣжĿȻΪ˽ύ죬Ҫ֪첻һǿߣһʦ
ԶˮȲ˽Ǿ̫Զˣмɵľ롣
ǸʮɣѾ嵽ǰʵȻˣСļˣǺǿģƣ嵽ˣʹ˵жнһ㡣


630 Ю
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ſȻҷ𣡡ʱһҲѸٷɵʮ֮⣬ɱεͷų
ˣȻ
ˣ

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ȴ˻ԵͰֶƼأɫ䣬Ѹóöҩ˷£ȻһɱؿЮĵĸ
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һбŮӣŸȥǿֲɱӵϵÿһ˶ȥŭ֮µ죬ͬɱֻ۾֮зϹ⡣
㵨һ£ұȻ꣬鳢ĥܣŭͬһ㣬쳹ǧսһЩʵ΢ߣһɿֲѹ֮£ɪɪ
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ߣб¾ɱңĵĳˣûʸϣŮƺעҪɱ죬ԼΪס죬ʹ޷
죬Ȼͣŭ֮µսҲƽ˼֣޷Ůӵľ

ͬһ㣬ֲȫȻҲûлĿ꣬غǰ
죡û뵽ɣŮУҪţ͹ԹԵҵĻսУȻĶУÿһ˵ĶС
ֻһĵĲӣһֵԴһ񣬺ۿ졣
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ʱ򣬸żÿһȻģɵȺ棬վһĸߵأȻŻعͷмؿһȺۣ죬죡֣ͣȻҾͷһۣ
սе죬ԣһ㶣漴һбŮӣֹͣ˳֣ؿ
ľٶȺȻˡ
ɵͣˣ
ΪһŮӣȴأ죬⣡
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Ů֮飬޵֮˵Ĵɣڿȷʵôһ£ΪһŮˣ쾹Ȼѹˣ

ŮҲһ㶣ȻԸľٶܲݣǶͣ˶ȴҲ𾪣һĵˣǲںһŮ˵ġ
Ӧʲôıɣ˵ӵܣôںһŮأŮһʧȻֻعеĳϫٴγȥ
ɫ΢䣬ת赲ǣʱ򣬸ִˣ죡㲻׼֣ҾͶ˫ۣȻ·˶һģ
˵꣬ĵұۣһۣꡱһͷѵ𣬱ס˵ģʹɫףͷֱð亹
費ǶôƯŮӣȻôݲУ̫ûˣ
ִݻҲ̫ݶˣ
ˣ˴޷죬ôӵϣҲɣ
Ҫŭ죬ͬʱҲʧȥǣģĵ
ĶŮӺܿأô˴Σıпܵóˣĵı٣ǰ·Ѷϣ

һǶ̧ͣˣޱȵر䣬һŮӣƵ˸ϡ
ʱ򣬷ֿ죬޷Ůӵһġ


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װֵһɱԷһȫ˲佫һ󶴡
ԽɫѪҺҲǾ֣սѪģѪˣҲ˻ע⵽ΪǺܲԣȻһ౻УѪʺ֮з貽⣬һɫʱ˲ٵעӵ
찡ȻǽɫѪҺ
ҿûиôѪҺأ
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Ѫ˵еʥѪҺ˵ŻѪҺ
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Ůջ֣Ȼɱ죬ǣ£Լľٶ̫ˣԭΪܿģ֪ԷȻԼһ
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ˣȫǳ֮У쾹ȻܲسǿһѪɫ
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һ͸ˣұ޵ȴһУȴЩأΪʵȴôߣѵǰֵĶǴ𣿡
ἺΪˣ˴ɷɫǽҲò
çײ֮ˣűɱѾʺһǿ֮λˣ㣬ģ

󵨣㾹Ȼұɱ㣡쾹ȻŮӴУǰΣǶս죬ŭޱȣ͵ĲʵԸ
Ϊѣɲῴ챻һŮɱǾ̫ԭˡ
ŮҲ֪Լջ˳ϫ˺Զؿ⼸λ֡
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ǸʱȻɣҲûжʣϾħЩ˵һɰĴڡ
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Юĵĸڸܵʱ״̬ʱɫ䣬Ҳ룬Юתܡ


632 ۼԾϣ
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ˣʱȴȥܸˣȫעеϡ
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εĻٴνȺȻͼӴһǣĿǰûа취Ϊʸ֮ġ
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뿪Ӱӵϵ˼ǧҲһҲٿ֮ǰһС
һ𣬶ǣȴǼ֤ĳɳ˲䣡

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ȻǱȽͨ͸ʣǶڸ飬ֻ˽úǳвŮ
һ٣һֵֺĸоΪΣе飬ĵĸ飬ƺѾ˺֪飬ҲδŮ̶ֳȣҲͲһ˿һѡ
ģһҵģһµģվһɽϣǰĹأѹõĿƣը죬㴫ǧЩ߷׷ײ̶ֻӡ

һŭ˻еķƶʱʧһ룬غ˼£˵״̬𽥻ָˣ˱ģӰֱͦһҽ͵һŵأһ𣬼䵽֮ĿҰϣȻǼ䣬ƮԶӰģ
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λѣɿһΪǿЮһöŮӣ֮£첢ϣŵȺУһһ·ѯʡ
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һѯ޹̾һһ˿ŲԶȥ
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ת㿴һ֮ڵ꣬ɫЩȻؿлһ˿ɵת֮Īضһ˿ϲ
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˵꣬ӿռָóһƿҩ˫ֵ͵Ул棬мΪϣƿҩĪҪƴǣԵٻᣡ
ϣҲӦתŹĹķȥˣϢûӰ


635 Ӱ
סˣǲĶģղŷ·Ǳһ㣬ǶˣܾҲɲˡ
ʧ˵Ӱӣ͵̾һǸֵˣȻô飡
˵꣬еƿһЩΣĶлύ죬ǣĵҩ֪ҲûύĻˡ
ֻǸ֪һϢѣܽύ죬ǱǶĻرǣȴˣ̾
ҩƽʱ˵ǺҪСУһЩ˵ҩǱȽģǣƿȴûһ˿ϲ˵ʵڵģʱ򣬵ҩҲزźġ
ٴοһʧķͽĿƵеСƿϣ̾һοƿȥʮöҩƿС
һ˿ɫʮöҩڴʱһСĿһʱ䡣
Ѫ
ֹһͱƿƿ˲䣬ʧһ㣬ոƿڵÿɫ䣬ĿٴͶ뵽ƿ֮Уһööҩϳֳסǵͨ죬ס˺
Ϣ֮Żع˫ѸƿشһΧˣƿյ˿ռָУһ󼤲첽һȥ

߼ĹĹλã֪ģʱóĵͼУıȽ
ң߼ĹСǱȽϴһϢˣԣûȥĹԿ׵ߣҲ׷׸Ǹ
ԣûеͼѾҪˣΪ˶֪˴ŵλãֻҪЩæȺҵŵλá
ʱĻǱȽϽģб˵һʥ˵Ĺˣһ˵еĻ֮ϵǿ֮ĹҲȲĵİȫҪ
·˲ϣÿһǼٱܣ·һĹеıᱻߡ
ٶЩоǶģÿһɱǰˣرһһ㣬ǰȥЩˣûпӡ
ôʲôͶ̥
ȥҲһõܿ磡
ɭпΣأ޵ĶӣǾͰȫˣ

Щ˶ĳԽܲ⣬Լûٶȣֻ޾ıԹ
˼Щ˵ıԹͷ߿·޾һ㣬ɱʮʱٶҲû˿ļ
ʱĽŲɫ΢صؿǰľ޴ɽȣЩӵڹȿڲȺ
ɽȣû֣СУȴ
Ϊɽнȥ㵽һΣյʵߣû
طǧǳɭ֡
ɭУһƬСгյء
ɭֵطǱ鲼ޣвһЩǿޡ
Σ棬ΣյɭУȴźܶҩмǵȽ׽ϸߵġ
С˵ЩҩСΪԴ
ңɭеޣȫǱƤ޹ǣˣ޵ľѪ⣬˵һʱĲƸ
ԣ֪ɭΣأв˽ԡ
ɭֵĴţɽȣر˽ˣ֣ͽСɽȡ
ɽǴţɭ򣬶ɭֵ˵ľͷһ޵Ԩ⴦޵ԨĪ⣬д˵˵СľͷռĽ㴦д˵޵ԨͨһΣͨ˵޵ԨһС磬ﲻֻ
֮˵һʹ޵Ԩһɫʣɭ֣Ҳ֮մ˲ٹ⣬ߵĺġ
ȴЩɻ󣬸߼ΪλὫԼĿĽһطأ
ȻɭֺȻϣԱ˵֮ģǣ޷ͿԽĴҪˣ
ܿˣܽߣһʵֻ֮ˣʸĴС
Ǹ߼ΪһѪĿ飬ͨˣ߼ұпָܻյķ١
һЩСϢ˵߼֮ԽĹڴ˴ҪΪ˱ܳġ
˵ǧٹ֣٣޴ӿ
߼ҵĹǷλãҲ˳ֻ̬ȵġ
տʼҲɣѾҶˣ˲Ϊ˹Ĺˡ
һֱվɽȹȿڣȺŰʱ䣬ֻǵô˲Ÿҽɽȣ̾Ϣ
ηηţôлõأ
ٳɣڿն˲ɽȣתۼûӰ
ۣ˽ȥˣ
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ҿżһ뱦ɵˣҿɭУʱֲᱻˣ
ʱҲ̫СˣҾһ㶼ֲˣ

۷׷ףɽͬһ㣬
η룬ȺеǶЦͲм
ȺͻȻһʹֵĹȿ˲䰲ˡ
ˣһֻǣһµ֮ͻȻش󺰵
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˲䣬ȺˣֻɽдĺԾ
˭һ֪һ˵ʵȺΡ
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ڣв֪˷ˣ˵飬סеĺ棬ˡ
һʣͬһʯͷͶƽĺ棬žɽȣ˲ַ
ҿ춼֪㻹죿
ĸ񰡣ɣȻҵż񶼲֪
ȥ̵ģ㲻֪죬ôеģ
֪֪죬кθɣ
㻹ˣҸ㣬ҵż񣬴С޵֣ɱĴۻҷ⻹ţ𣿡
Ŷᣡ죬ɱĴۻҷĻ㶼˵ζ£
ȥ㻹ţȥǣǿۿģ
Զԣ̫ǿˣɱӵӣְӹ꣬


636 βЫ
֪֪̍Ф֪֪޵𣿻ħޣиһʶһʶ֪ɣǸһǼһʱٶȣŵһģ
Ҳˣֲ̫ˣ޵еģ

̶̵ʱȺдˣߣ߽ǵҰС
ʱ죬֪ôӰ죬ֳǹԼϢٱɭ֮Уȥ
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ֻΪͨ죬Ҳһ˿֮Уοûеͨľ磬ֻβУǿҲᱻ̴ңβϵЫģٶ֣ЫҲһЩ˺
ԣ㿪˶ԷĹǣеԽԽʢˡ
ԷĹ֪һֻЫޣ֪һ֣Ыǧǿһ߶Ը㶨ǿģǾͺ˵ˣǶԸ㶨κһߡ
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һβڵ棬һѳθߣɸ߿գһȵؿŵϵβ롣
еЫβײɵ棬ȴ˿ֻص״һ̶
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Ϣ֮һȻϢӶĵĹɢȥֻһɳЫβҰ֮УǺĵβ룬Ҳʧˣ֮һںŽһɳβ롣


637 ˪
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638 
ߣ˪Ҳߵϵͷš
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쵹ûЩûãҵ֮˵ȥҲпڹĹдһȥ
ʱ֪Ĺľ巽ƬǳҲԱϷλֻܷٶȣһ߲οԺеĵͼһ߱


639 ں
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ʮʱȥˣȫԼ˶ԶԿ϶ǰ
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תҩ뷨ΪʱСϣʮߣһǸ֣лһЩϤϢ
ЩֲҩĻͱЩˣ
컺źʱﾹȻһɺܹģ£
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640 
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˵᲻£
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ǰӦòµģҪ֪ϿһԿװ

ߣǸĵطȻԻ񣡿ϧô˵طųֻұǿعؿźˮصˣ񲻸ңһҲԻң
˵꣬һŽµһʯ߳ҽУ˲ûӰȴûм˻
Ǹаĵط˾첢û̫⣬ĵĺˮУڶ֮±ƬκһطҪֲ·֮ԴȪ
ȻֲŨŨ֮˵аֹһûȥעںźߣͬСصʯСȥ
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ȺӢˣôƽأ

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컺ʯţоϢˣԭҵطʯϣȴǾȻ
ʵǹ죡
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Ѿע⵽⼸ʮУмʵǿģȻǵԪ޷ʹãǱϢȴδһ֡
⼸УˣҲİߡ


641 
֣ˣոնһ鵹µϣһӲԶ̧ȥȴл
ʵͷ𣬲ʱ鲻ãûǰк
ͷ㵽˺ܾã
ҡҡͷʱѣ
ûǵϢ΢΢³һ
ҡҡͷԶ·Ѱ죬һҲ˴Ҳδ֪
̾һзŨŨĵǣ૵ԸȻ
˵ţɫʱˣú䣬ǹȻɱ⣬ס˸ҶȻһöոߵĹͷãܣ
ֲصģа׷ӦûûµģҲ˿̵飬
Ըɣε̾һ漴ɨһųǣ֣ûоطܹ죬رͷϵƬ죿
ʱֻɫˣ÷ǳأ΢΢̧ͷգһΪֻҲָоԭҲˣǾڿң
һɫҲˣĻӿ϶ԼĸоУȷʵһֻ۾ڿŹųǣˡ
ˣ֮ϣƺһֻͫӶ֣һ͵͵עСϵһУҲ̧죬һĪĻ֣̿ڣ·²
ͷֹңһЩҲӦˣ
˵ţָԽǳǽһӰ˾ѾվˣһʱһֱϿԭҲû⣬˿̲ŷ֣ã
ͷ˳ָȥĳǽԽǣһһ㣬̧ͷһҲǹ졣
ȥݷһ°ɣ˵ʲôر֣Ȼ˼ͷ
˵ﱻ⣬޷ʹԪֻųǽǵӰ
·ϣһ죬һָǼİǿߵ֣ǼˣСеĸ֣ʵ²ԺСΪϣ
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ԭǴٴνĿ꣬Ϣ±ȴ֮һʶ˶٣ôŵλأŵһΪ
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ӦȻ֮ǰʵȫڰٸغ֮սʤһʶͷʱһʶѾ˽սȴսգҪǿһ֣
Ӧðɣ˵ΪҲˣսսʵѾ˾ǿ֮У⼸ʮʱĴ𽣵ٴ࣬ʵһ
۲ʱڳǽϵĲ꣬۾ˣеĵһš
ȻľȣȴǺ򶨣ƽʱһ۶ԷǶŲ΢΢ͷ⣬ȻưԵȴҲ΢΢׻
˺ǿĵⰡѾǴɵľˣܵһ˿Ȼ⣬̾
ʮǿУһһ˫ǹĽ嵶嵶֮УΪףȻ֮ϣһ²꣬ȷʵһ֣Ȼ̾
嵶֮Уն񵶵ϳ鵶𸳣굶꣬ҶΨصѪɱȴδı棬֪ʵΣüͷ΢壬һ˵ѪɱһϤİˡ
Ѫɱײβ٣аѷ֣˵ɱԣԲŵӣһ˿ս⣬Һ
ҲҵǸԣҪɱ쵭ص
һ뽭ܻĻᣡͷ˼ף˭ƽ޹ʱ׷ɱãһԹˣƽϢ
˲ָ꣬ż̳ΧһΪ½һҲǺճ֣ʵŽǰʮ
˳ָ쿴½ȫעضż̳ϵľŸͼڣ˼ʲô
ԷΪȻ֮ڣľ磬һ֮УΣսǰμģΪ½Ϣûǿ벻ȣҲһ㡣
һ۵꣬Ϊɳ޺ۣʵ½һ㣬Ҳһָ֣һоɫӰ
ɨһɳ޺ۣоϵϢȷʵԣ֮ڵΪս˶١
Ǹһ׵ޣΪƮ裡ʱָԶ̨ϵһޣȻнȴһͣһ֣Ϊ±𸳻Ҫһ㣡
쿴һ۽Ʈ裬һ⣬ѾԽС֮ˣ
⼸ˣǲ֮ҪԵǿУĹ֮Ƿƽ˾̾һ
̫࣡ɱħɱħֻҪңǱ㣬ңǱ˵ط쵭ؿһˣɱһ漴ָ
ʱ򣬶Ѿյԡ
˵ľߣ֮ĺڣϢȴӵһ㡣
ֵǣ˵һ˫۾кɫâ˸֮
о˵Ŀ˲ֹͣգ³һ˫۾Żعˡ
վ֮ʱһ㶣漴۾ɴоȻһ˿ȣǡǡ𽣣죿
һ㶣˵ҲЩ֡
𣬼ѣ
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˻عһݣЩȻЩµصңڡľľ
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һľͨڤɫ΢䣬漴ɨΧһۣƵϣλǷҲз֣
һۣ뿴ľͨڤͷ
ľ΢΢һ̧ͷһգȻ˵λʲô


642 ͨڤ֮
üͷ΢ƺ˿ţܲĸо
ҲͷҸоһֻа۾ڿСӶ֣Ī⣡
ȻˣľͷԶϢŻľеȴľͨڤ
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һ㶣֪ľΪλʣ齣֮壡
ҲͷӦǺ֮ɣ
Ӧã֮壿Σֵľɻˣľȿڵ֣㲻֪Լ𣿡
첻֪ôش˵ʵڵģ治֪Լʲôʣԭͨķ壬Եɺ֮£֮壬ڹǽ̥֮֮壬ǣֻԣ֮󣬷Լ֮ǰһˣ֪ʲôʡ
Կ϶һʣ
ԭǷ壬֮壬Եɺϣ֮Ϊ֮壬ԣҴʱӦǺ֮壡ԼģûʣҲ֪ջ˵˳Ͼʵ˵Ƿ壬Ҳûжš
ۣԴȴ񣬾Ȼܵõɷҵȣľ̾һ΢΢˼һô˵ĻֵӦǺ֮壡е֮壬׷Դ֮壡
һ˵е࣬һɢޣ֪ıȲЩӵܡ
ľٴͣһ£ŵλһҲʣǣҵ⣬ȴ츳ϣһ˫۾У
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ŶȻһ˿ɫ૵
ʵڽ֮ʱұλǸʱҲǳŽ򴫳к͹ĹԿȥģΪһӢۣľеɻ;ȣ
Ŷ֪ľֿз֣һ죬漴Ƶľϣ
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ʵҴ˴أΪʲôĹĴУݵ֮ͣľŵʥ˵İϢ֮أȻջ󣬵ǣҶԼȽȺлˮ㣬Ǽֱ룡ĿģΪ
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ͨܣɿ֮ʱӦ˴֮طӡֲ֮ԣǧ࣬ų֮У֮ҪܳԴȴܵķɣò뿪
֮ʣ֪ңϣͨڤ֮ۿ̽Ȼз֣ȴֲĴڣϰľ̾һɫࡣ
Ǵ˵еĹ޵Ԩ𣿡Ȼָ޾İ֮
Ӧ֮Ԩľͷ
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֮Ԩ֮ţȪЩ֣·ڹľͷǿֲĵط֪γɵģһ
֪컯Ȼɣ޹أûʵľҡҡͷ


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ŵļˣߣʵҪ֣ܵ˵չˣЩ˺ѽ뵽
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˵ʱҲ٣̫࣡ɫ΢ͣȻ¶һ˿Цݡ

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Ȼ츳һֻ֣˵һ߿߶Զ˵һжǿ
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ʵ֮ǰ˲ûʶ̽еһʶ˳ǽһŵǵӰ
ˣĹ𰡣ӰԷս⣬һʶ̾һ漴н˸ս
޵УȻҲע⵽˲Ӱû˵ȴɱ𣬰ߣһǵʬǣ۷壡
һɣȺǣһУǿĲ̮Ľ۵ļ̳ĳǽϵǵӰ
Ӱǵħ䣬ǵ
ʱһǾͿӰǷ·ǽһ㣬Ȼ֪ǣ鷢ˣǻǺܲ
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Ȼǲȫ죬ħʱʵսյҪϢϢҲͶزأлһѩǰܡ
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ûȥע죬ǽĿƵ˳еļ̳ϣΪǴеĿġ
޵кһʶ䣬һ˿΢ɲɱ⣬ָܿȻɱˣ֪ʱ򣬶ң˵ʵǿаսʤ޵У뽫նɱܲףһʶԭͱǿһЩʱʵ⼸죬ʵ˲Сԣһʶѷʤ
⣬ߵĵﱻ⣬ûжսȴǲ״̬µ޵Уԣնɱ˻ϣġ
˼ɵǣų̫죬ûŪòҪҪɱУܻлģ


644 
Ȼǲȫ죬ħʱʵսյҪϢϢҲͶزأлһѩǰܡ
ԣеļɵһǿеĮһɱ⣬֪첻ʱǴˣĿǰս
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⣬ߵĵﱻ⣬ûжսȴǲ״̬µ޵Уԣնɱ˻ϣġ
˼ɵǣų̫죬ûŪòҪҪɱУܻлģ
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ʲô֮У˵ĵﶼطӡˣûԪʹãͬһˮƽϣҺξǣ

֣ûϳ˭Ŷˣɫ΢ܸоⶸȻղһʶɨܵһɺǿѹԷʶƺԶ֮ϣǶԷľ磬ȴһ֮
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˵Ȼƽȴɱϣ㲻ҪңȻҾҵ


646 ֮
ǼʱȥˣȴʣԿ׵
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˵꣬ʶɨһĵĿռָ忪˽ƣóһףӴֵϼΧ˵Ŀ⡣
̾һڤڤ֮УӦȻˣⱾױɣҲֻŲʹʧ
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ֹܸܽмģⱾףСãֻûüѾˣͬϲ֮ˣҲⱾʧУõĹޣıɣϣһУûӰĵģ
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㣡ˣһһˣ̫ƽˣƽ˸оֲܿ
ĴԷɿתţйص˶˽ȥһʶ޵СڤҲΪǲǳսսеһб仯벻˸ϵ
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647 
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ʱѡ˳ĬϣʱֵģǣȻѾѡΪѣֻ֧֡
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ҡҲģŮҲ֪λػЩίص
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浲ǰĵؽ׶ƣȴǳһȭӰһѺۣᴩ档

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ʵųУѾսˣϾطӡ˵û˿ԶԪҶƺͬһˮƽϡ
ʱ򿴵˰ԵһܶΪĵﲻطԼ
ǣһ֪
̫ǿˣ
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Щ˽ˣ߽Զסˡ
޵кһʶǲͷУǶˣȫԵһȭ𺳵ˡ
һȭֱһ֮ͨߵԪһ
˵ı仯֪ԭҲֻǿ죬δ䵱ԼĶ֣ǣһ̣ȴоѹ
һ˵ôǿôųеߣԶд׵ĸ
ȿȣŮӿȳ˼ѪĨȥǵѪвŨŨļɵվΣŶϵǸȭӡĿ죬ɱңڵģ
ڣҲɱҲŻڣص
ŮӾѣͷԶĶˣң
һͣȻףֻϬӳһɣ죬ѣҸӣŹΣ
ؿһۣûô󣡡
˲һ㶣ϵɱͷų죬û˸ô˵ǵһ湻ģ
ҪңȻһɱص˶һۣҼǵãһǾͶɱ⣡
˶ʱȷʵ˵һǱͷųɱ⣬ɱҲûʲôԣпᣬܶʱɱǲҪɵġ
ɲͱɱߣʱܼɵ죬ȻǿǣҲ㣡Ҫ֪Щˣǲ𣡡
Ŷһԣɱ˲ǲˣҲںһһЦתˣϵɱŮת˶ˡ
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ϻ࣡Ҫ־ɣصһ䣬Ѿճȭ׼
˷ŭʶ˲չ·һŴ죬뽫ʶơ
ǣʶûнΧסоһεĽ˶Էʶ˲佫ʶնϣʶն


648 㯴
˴󾪣оϮ̫֮ǿˣΪϲһЩ깥ıҴ⣬ʶӿռָһ澵ӣǰһ
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ţʥ澵ӣɫ΢䣬⾹ȻһʥԵֵĹԼ
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ң澵ƺǳϣЩ𣬾һЩϸСѺۣͬʱƺӡһصƺ˯˻ѾʧˣܲһϢ
澵ӸոյֵһȻ˸ѤĹ⻪Ϣ֮󣬽ȥһ֮ǰûʲô仯
ǿǣһʥԴݻٵġ
ɫЩأ澵ӺܲͬѰҪ죬ֹͣ˹еľһ֡
Ҳʱ澵ˣȫĿϡ
ʥȻЩ
⻹˵ʵôǿ츳ҲţһԴĵӣȻóһЩ߽ױˣ
ĽССɵĵӣ˵ʥˣҲһõõõԼԵĵؽױ
֪ɣеؽױоͲˣСǧǧʹǧһʥֻǼ˲У˶õؽױеģЩɢޣ´õױУ˼ţʵҲ
ʥϾʥԱȵģؼʱ𵽵òɹ
ô˵ǣһ˭ԷӳʥһߣҲһȫӳʥɣǣʥУһѼ̵رûʲô𣡡
ҲȻ˵ʥնɱԼս£ԼǿһĶأ
עһ͸֧֮ȻնˣǣԼܵҲɣ
˵ĵﱻˣԴҽˣҲӰ죬Իصǰ״̬ԣ߽ױãҪʹȻ˵Լ
ҪԼһ֮ͨ󣬲ܱ֤ԼᱻشʵҲ˱еĹ

澵ӵǳ֣Ⱥһڸ߽ױıȺչˡ
һЩʶߣǵעʹñȫ˼֮С
澵ӣƺеӡ󣡡½Ŷеľӣüͷ壬˼ֻеģӰӣȴ޷
ҲƺĶֻʵ벻ˣƮҲüͷ˼ȥȻ޷ӵ
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޵Уɻؿ˼۾ӣһʶһ澵𣿾Ȼ˵Ļȥˣܲ԰
Աߵһʶԭ򶨵ɫھӳֵһɲǾͱˣȻֻһ˲䣬һ˲䣬ȴʹʶǷĽĶˡ
ʱɫЩأ޵еĻǲмһ̣ÿԷһۣȴҲ˾ӵĲ
澵ӣܲһ㣡һʶ
һƵƷʥûʹû˵أ޵ƲƲ죬ȻΪǣʥǺģһ齣ǰѽȴֻƷȻ޷ʥȡֻǣʥҲһʩչʺϴʱ
֪ʲô˼Ȼ޷ʹǣױҲԸ⣡һʶ޵еĻ֮Աǡ
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Ŷ֪ģΪҵȽʶľɻѣ
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Ϲսս𣿡أ򿼫С磬˽ⲻ࣬ʷ£Ҳ֪٣Щʷġ
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ȻַδսûһμҺͺƴǳսУӢԶʧʷĳУֻ˺պհĴУҲһս֮ȫʧˣǿߣ˰ǽɣֽĴܶ඼һս֮ģ
һսл֮ϵǿ߲룬ʥΪʿֻǱ䣬ڻ߼¾ߣֻڻң
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˶Զ󣬱Ͼ֪ˡȻԶ˵һЩţ֪٣ȴ˵ǳս֮С
ȷʵоǿ֣߳øǿԴͨݻ㯼Զͷ㯼ʱһǳսУļΪ˲ĥĹͣȻջͬǸһʧսˣ


649 ֹ
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˵һƷҲܲûڲ󸴻ӡҲһƷʥԣС
˳Ĭˣ澵ӵĳ֣һϹʷš
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죬ԶĽ֮Ҳ΢΢һǾ֮̾ʷսʱıǨ
λ֪ĲٰҶûеԨȻҲԶĻȻӵʥȴ˽ⲻࡣ
еѣ㲻ʲôԶһۣص
֪ѳһţ˵ԶƺҲһּɵ
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Զûж˵صͷšһĬˡ
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ȺԺֻĴԺ֮ĩǰԺһɽһɽǵһԺǿֲޱȣȳ
֪˴δ֮һûлĴԺ

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ǰҪظ׼붷һս
Ȼʥĳ֣ʹö֮սͣǶ˴˾ŶԷ
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ˣȴ˼ɣʱĵﱻ⣬һЩսԲӦŮӲ뵽˵ս
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˵ѡʹŮһгЩҲЩŭջǿһ۶ˣʧص㣡
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˵꣬ռָһ̳Уŷƣһ˿̺żΪҵһ㡣
в˶ŮӵĻ⣬Ͼǿߣʱƣ޵еģŮӵĻȻЩˡ
вڿóǸ֮ɫ䣬ʧ
ɫҲˣûмĽΪһʦȻ˵
Ƚ˽ڿϵʱʵһѡ
ֽһԵģķƣ߼󷨵·
̣ƺЩˣǹϣпŮСлԵġ
һҲһֲ߼󷨣пɱһʣɲҳԡ
Ů˵ƴȫԴ⻹ǶԷħ״̬ȥˣãɥġ
죬ǧҪ³çֵã˿ŮóĽ𾪲ѣ첻һпսȰ˵
֣Ҫ嶯´ӳ飬Ҫçײ
ⶫãпܻǣ

غһİԵԸʱЩǣʱȫָǣçײض
ԷĹʱսֻ֡
ؿһŮӣܺã²ô˽ᣡһΣҲ֣ǽҲа취Ӧԣ
˵꣬תܱ߼Żصԭĵط
ȷʵ˵ֲܿȫԴݻȵ֮а취ӦԵģʩչռ⾳գŲƣԶ빥㡣
ַЩðգ档
֮˵յķ򣬼Ҳпܽռ֮С
ǣġŮУһ˻ţңĵ֮ɱУƷ⡣
ԶȥıӰŮӲŻ³һһҡΣ·̱һ㣬͵ؿǽϣأɫףİɴѱѪȾ졣
ֱתȥ¶ųףĨȥǵѪһɴٴλص֮ǰӡ
ʱɫ临ӣʲô򣬽ʲôĹ
ǲ˵Ǹˣ޹أĽ룬ȴֵô󣬻ʹһ޹ȥ
ϸϸһ룬˵Ķԣ飬ŲжΣǼӵİס
ʼˣʱ֪ԼǶôۣΪԼУԼⲻ֪ո̤뽭鵽˽Ĳп͸ӡ
СҲ֪
ʵģֻǲʦģĬţǣȴӿˡ
ĲģһʼͿˣһʼˣԭΪһĸˣֻҪɱʦþͲǣңնϺ쳾úģ


650 ֮
ǣΪλΪλһ޹ˣΪôǿΪΣıң
ΪʲôΪʲôҴҸô죿
̫ǿˣҸûаѵĻѪȵСУ
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Բұѡ񣡡һͳɳƵڶ𣬶վԣصмһЩʺͷŭ˺ܶǸ⡣
Ů̧ͷһ۶ˣһϢ֮󣬲Ż˵ⲻ㣡ⱾҵĴ̶Ӧ˵ǸŶԣ
һ㶣û˵ЩԶԶƳһ죬ʵ̫ǿˣҲ֪ʵսжߣǣʶ֮ϣ˽£ңһԪĵط
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ŮϵĲ⣬е͹죬ˣ㶯ӣֻҪܴﵽĿģʲôֵˣֶΣ
Ůüͷ壬Զ˵ĻܲͬǣҲﲻԣԣֳĬ
˿ŮӲΪͬĹ۵㣬ҲٶԣȻԶŮӡ
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ɣǿ£ŶԶȥӰŮгһ˿ɫ૵

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˵ģǣȴô˵˵еļˣ
һʶ΢̣ĵȻգ̵ԽıԽ󣬲ǼôԼң棬˵ǲģ
صģ⶷ʵȻԼĽѾˣôˣؼʱﵽǣ£ĹлᣬԿ죡һʶ˳¥ϵĶˣ޵е
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ʱ֮ͻǸҵ·ǾҪ׼нǵķһʶɱһ
Щ˶ɱǣ㲻޵һ㶣漴Щɵһʶˣɫ˲ָƳһԶǼһﾹȻȺԺģﲻ𰡣
ʲôСޱȣһȺʲô£Ҳ֪˭֪ǣһʶƲƲ죬ȺԺΣҲû

ģŭƽ˳֮Уĵ޷Ԥϵġ
ʵܲмģֵĲɱ֮ʱΣգͬУⱾһִǣһ˿ӵеġ
ȫǽüŮкܣ
Ȼһˣɱˣܲܡ
ͻȻһָо·ʧȥʲôƵģǳʱͬУ˿˲ڣյġ
֣ۿɢ𣿡֪䣬ﻹ跨临
˲һ㶣ҡҡͷ⵹ûУȷʵ겻ˣҪ֪СĹֲ֮ױģ
֣Ҫѹˣѷˣȥɣһ㣬ţһ뿴ӣļ򣬰ο
ҲͬУøã̾һȻйâһ𣬵а취ʲôֵˣ
ôܣ𣬳ʧˣɽҲ죡ԶҡҡͷȻҲһЩʹ临ҾòĶ
֮治У꣬ȴԻǧãԼ޷ƣ֮ʹ߸֮ҲпܴڣҲڤطأ򿼫˼һ


651 ǹ
˲䣬˽Ŀ۵ϣأ򿼫Щ˼æֻƲ⣬У޷ڤģһʥˣҲûֱ£㳬ƿأ
ͷһ룬أ򿼫ĻҲһԣ˵ڤĴطģ翡
ȻԼϣпĸǣȴѾˡ
˸ӵ飬βˣڴڵعҾƣҪɢеǷݿʹ
֮󣬹ųٴλָ֮ǰƽ˽ע˹Ĺ֮ϣ֮ǰһн
ʱ֮󣬹ųеԽԽ࣬һǧˡ
һ滺ԼģһעŵȺȻʱûа취ɱŮӣǸһܷŹ
ĸԼĻҪɱˣˡ
Ȼ뷨ûɢȥӰӳԺ֮С
һʹɫһ㶣漴Ϲ˸ֲɱһš
Ǹһˣ߼Բ׽״˲ԣʶӶھƺǧԶĵطӰһǸ
ΪһԸ񣬾ǲð֪ˣȵĹأҪɫ΢䣬ʶ
֪ʥĹ֮лʲôһˣأ򿼫üͷ΢壬ֹ
ֵĴڣѹɣƺ׼ֲøԭаְʶһ˲俴Զľ󣬵
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ţܸ͵ϢֱһεĻ𣿡أ򿼫ɫ΢䣬ϸܵһĻԵҡ
Ȼߣһͨǿ󣡡Զɫ΢ʶϸ̽ŶԷ
һ֣Ƿְոߵľû뵽߻ô˰ɣȻأ򿼫ЦˣȻǿ󣬵в
϶֪ʵİûõģ»̰ɣüͷ΢塣
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ףȻȻɫ΢䣬̾һ벻Ҳǿˣ
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༸˽Զ۾һŰеӣҪ֪ǷԶ˵
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أ򿼫ɫԱ䡣
ǹףȻƺ֮壡Զ̾һӶԷƺϢѾжϳԷʡ
˼һлһҪȻһ£أ򿼫΢΢һЦսӿ֡
쵹ɫƽֻеɱȥǹȻǿ󣬵塣
οˣ׵ĳ֣ս⡣
ֻ룬ʬΪı
Ƭ֮󣬸׾ͻ߽˹ųǡһǣĿ쿴еĿ־˸״֣һҪңأҷһɣ
üͷ΢壬һ۳¥Ͼ£ļˣָɱȻɱǿɱԸģƺȫ
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죡ֲܿ״̬żųһΣܿƣԣ㲻üɵʵȫԻοﱻ⣬ǿɱܼ򵥣ʱɵѣһ춼ҡ
ÿһһ˫Ϲ˸ӣͷ飬ʱʱǵֲӰ
ʵǿѪ֮֮£ûаսʤɫ΢
ֵʵһҪҰɣҷأ׼ɵ档
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˵Ȼϣ㲻ҪƭңȻһšĲӣ׵ͷ漴ϵɱ˲ͷţȻ
Ĺôƭأʵһ˿ɫ
ͺãŵͷ漴ĿƵ˲ϣͣƬ̣תƵ޵кһʶϣеս糱һ㷭ӿ
ʵǿֻ˵Ϊ˶ﴫûԾϻͬǿߡ
һʶͲһˣ֪һʶʵôʵǱһʶѹȵġ
ʱΪԼǿģǣһʶһս֮ŷ֣һʶǿ󣬳Ԥϡ
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첻ˣҵˣµʱ䣬ľ޴սȫ֮ǰһʶ
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һ㣬ԼսʤһʶʵսƽҲ㣡
ԣŻѰҹĹһ棬һʶһ档
Ȼٴοһʶʱһֳĸоƺɲ֡
ȭͷ߬漴ոʧȥֻˡ
ûбȹʤδ֪ս΢
ʱȺ׷ˡ
ܶ˶֪˸һѹĹԿףһЩѾ֪ŰԿ׾ȫˡ
ͿԿĹˣǷ·𿴵һһ似źһѶ鵤ҩ֡
˾Ǹ˵һѹĹԿף
Ѿ˰˰ˣһѣӦǰεһѻû
ŰԿѾȫˣǲ֪νһѹĹԿף͸𸳣
Ŷ˵ǿĹʱˣ˵ʥĹǸķĹ
ȷеϢ˵ˣ
Ǹˣ˼ѡĹѡڷˮõĵط߼浹ãʲôˮһ֮أ


652 ս
Ͳ֪ˣ߼֮ԽĹԭģ
ʲôԭ򣿡


ǵУɫϱ任ţ¥ϵ죬һԾɳ¥Ÿ
أ򿼫˽Ÿһߡ
ô£дսˣ
ˣȺһ֮ʱΧ죬֮֮ززˣʱ֣Ļᣡ
ɱ𣿿ոߵˣ֪ǣ
ǵȻˣǹôأ
ǹףһ
˵ĵ޷޵УôĶ֣
ȻҪٳһ컹˿
Ϊ·ߵĴײ˰˵ое𣿡

˵עתƹˣᵽһɱ¾ζ
ЩߣЩͨߣԶ˼֮С
ɫѿ֮ϵĴһ˿ҡȻĽŲģ˵̶
׵۾΢һ£߹ǿȻͣڶУԸûзϡ
򵥵ļױѾ󲽿꣬ȷʵŲͬѰ
ɣʮϢѾ֮Զˣ͵һԾͬһֻޣȭ˹ȥ
ٶȣȻתʱݣǣͨ״̬µ˵ǼһѸ͡
ͻɽХ·˿һ㣬ɫ䣬زײײ룬ǣٶȱ֮ˣȻܹ˷âȴȫܿȭĺɱ
־ң鼱֮£
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أ
ȭȭֺصĸоȴȫ˳
һӰ˲ɣҵ֮ˣߵɲͣɫͨ죬һĲ˼飬ۿԶǸȭ֮ˣ漴ֻһɫ

򵥵һȺȻˣ
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̫һŭһӰһһѤõĹâ֣ͷ­Ϯ
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ﬡ
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΢΢ʵ̫ԵˣսּΪḻֻһ㵯˳ǹһ
ֻҲ˵һУ任ߵĽսɣȽϳͣǹٴγҪȥ
죬ǹ֮һ٣漴Ųתα任˫ȭ˫ȣתײһ
룡룡
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ʮغ֮ױ޷ٶȣཥƿأȭ£ʼҡ
˲ץסᣬһ֮ϣǡĹͷ֮ʹ֮£һͣٴ¶һһȺɨǧ֮ƣֱȡ׵Ĳ
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˼ƣһ䣬һ˽ԶԶޡ
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ԶһѪ֮׻վһ˸ŨŨԹޡ
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д裬̫⣬Ͼսʤ˾͵ȡһξѵ
ǣһβͬǿΪ˳ͷʧܵĺõĸǱ˵ĳЦ
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ȻʱֻܽΪиҪҪȥ
һƽڶϱǽǵĸؿһȭӰѪֱ磬عǶһƬȫȥҲˣղŲԹȥҪܣҲ޷
ɱңɱң֣һٽ
ɱǿµ񣬶ŸŵöԷֱ¡
㲻ɱû޷Ĺ鼱֮£׳󺰣ⲢڶָĳŵǵĸıɱǷݱؾĹˡ
һܶ˲֪һ㣬һЩҲ֪ʲôطȷʵҪĹҪŰԿףҪĹ˵ѪֿС
ԣԶԶԣ㲻ɱңûң޷֮Ĺģͬץסһݣɫһ󺰵
ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ǣĶȴ˿ûͣͣСһ㣬˸Ĳϣ
ȿȣ㲻ɱңĲɱңûң޷֮ĹҪڳ·ӢΪУϢмѣԼһĲ԰ף
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ʱӰǰ˼ƣΧγһй֮ơ
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أ򿼫˼ƣǰ·վ棬Ҳǰ˸ˣ˲ѹ˶ԷƣضŶˣʱпܱһս
һʶ˼ƣپǣʱҲܺˣڵѣɲɱȻðǰˣ
죬֮ʲôޣǲܣڹϣȴֻҪӰĹĿ㴦ã޹أǾ֣½
죬Ҫú룬ǧҪһǧΪа޵һ˿壬ָŹųеˣЩ˵Ķ档
޵һΧߴҲӦȻҴк˷һϣſȹĹ֮ٽԼ˽£ҪӰˡ
ȷʵԲٹĹǰնɱȻĹпܾͳˣ
ϣһ£ҪӰ֣ȻŭôֲҲ
ҲǵģԼ˽õӰ̫̽Ӧˣ
ԣⲻһ˵ıأΪɱ޷򿪹Ĺɾˣϣ֪֮

صһ޵У޵˲һֱ޶ϵĸоһ䣬˫Ƚסһ£˿ڣ˵
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ʱнҲ첻Ӧʱɱ˸Ȳ˵˵Ƿȷʱնɱ˸ȷʵΪС
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죬ȲȹĹץסСӣǧжУأ򿼫Ҳ
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ʵҲף˵֮ѾЩˣʱǸҽԷնɱġ
ɲΪ˼ˣͻ¶Է⼸һΪУкξ壿
ֻ滹ѣҲΪ˹ĹضΪԼľٶʧһˡ
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⣬ģȻ˽صˣˣһſһ¼öҩܿͿȬˡ
˵ʵڵģĹ֪ˣʲô˲ߣǿɾ鷳ˣԣҪȸԷһЩǡ
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ȻûϣɭٴˣȴҲô׷Ź㣡
һ£˲˱ѣоٴν˵ıء
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һصʹ෢һ֮ٴһġꡱַ֮·޿һ㣬˲˸ȹؽڣʹֻһжܣҲжѣаٴץס
ңؽڵĹͷѣһĵҩҲ޷ڶʱڽ临ԭġ

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һͬһ㣬һڵϣɨһۣȻľȻؿһһʶˣͲнˣż̳ȥΧΧ֮ÿһ
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мˣһ֮ģڰγ졣
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ϲ޵УǵĹĹб䣬ǲվһֹġ
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˳ɣɱͰɱ֣ޣ߰ҹУɷ˳ɣҧҧ
üͷ΢ãҴӦ㣡
ȴڵ㵱޺ͰҹôģӲŲ뽫Լȥأ
ϣֽܱȫĵֿʼˣĻǼǵ
˵ԾʹӦˣǸûнϣȹĹһû˹ˡ
ģ˶Χ˼̳Χ˼οֻ̳һСԲףԲԿ׵ĵط
ԣ˳˼֮С
֮˵ˣһΣҲһЩˣ죬ҲֻǴ仰ѡ
Ѫӱİ÷䳾ˡ
ǲ֪ıɱӣ÷䳾˴쿪ۡ
Ҵס磬͵͵Цţѣø˹ȥ
ѯ֮£˲֪ʲô飬ԶоһսڹĹнС
ܣþ˼֮£ƺ뵽˿Ĺķ漴༸ŹĹԿ׵ߣĿͣڸϣһΣҪĹ˺ѪֳĹ֮
ԼãһԶ⣬Ÿһ˵üͷ΢ɻص


654 Ĺ
ʯ̨ϵСףַӵΧţǽףֻѪ֮Կˣָʯ̨ϵԲףȻֻҵĲ²⣬λ뵽ʲôһо
˼죬һ񣬵ڷе˵ǲûϿɣԶ˼
󷨣ʯ̨ϵƣǾŵͼڣ˰죬յóĴ뷨в࣬ǲҪѪܿĹţҲ޷
Ȼ޽ô˵һԣ꿴һǱĸ
˲䣬˵Ŀ۵˸ϣʹøһķߺޣȵĹʱȺţȴҪṩûϡ
Ʊǿûа취ʶ߶ξѪ˼̳ϿգԲ֮УǣƬ֮ȴûһ㷴Ӧ
סˣһЩҲѾʼ̾ϢˣҡҡͷԶΪС
а
ҲһŲôģӦû
᲻Ūˣôһ̳˵ǹĹ֮ţ
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᲻ոߵںǣӦûķ

۷׷ףĿƵ˸ϣΪĹ˵ĺӦ֪һЩڹĹ¼
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ʱ˸鷳๱һЩѪɣղһԲ
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Ǿŵͼڣâʢھʮɴĵطͣ£ǲ͸ϳ˾ŵͶӰÿһɴСڻҰҫޱȡ
ˣˣ
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Ⱥ̾𣬿еľŵͶӰ·˾һ㣬ٴνŵͼڷ˵ϣȺɢޱȵؿŵ档
ŵͼڹӰͶԼ̳Ϊģγ˼ɴСͼӰ
ʱǲſڵӳĹӰȻϵһЩǳǳİغϣˣ˲ŷ֣ϾȻܻܡ
ȻŵͼڹӰȫͶ֮ʱ׼ȷϵͼڰغϣؿʼȺʼ˿֮Զ
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ҪʥˣͲˣҪĹʲôôԻͣҲһ߿ݹǣ
˵Ҳǣ޵Ϊ˻óһ㣡˵ʥ˵ʬǧ겻֪ǲģ
֪ܿͿԿˣ

ȫµļ̳ǰʵ˾һѣȻǶôɺ󣬵Ĺ˲Ŀġ
̳ȫĳߣֱߣһӦͼͶӰͿƣƱ鲼Ϊ¡
ڼ̳룬һۣ״룬˱֪Կ׿ף÷žŰСĵط
ˣĹųˣ
̳ӦŰԿףȷʵĹţ
ҪˣŰԿУĹ׼

ŸԿ׵ߣԶǰļ̳漴ó˹ĹԿף۲
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˵죬еǰѹĹԿףһļͼôԿӦöӦǸͶӰӰļ̳
һˣһۣԶ˸Կ׶Ӧļ̳ԡ
˵ڴУŰԿȫλ˲䣬â̳ͬǳһ㣬׹ҰĹųǡ
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̳ϵĹ⽥ȥ˾ŵɿʯţ򵥵һΣվߣԿ棬ûʲôصġ
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᲻ᴫ͵ܳĵط
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Ѿݲ˼˷Ӧ
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Ͷ̥˭֪ĹжΣգ
ǣϾʥ˵ĹѲǲг㶼Խȥ
Ҹձ֤ҪһѣȻԲʥĹһˣ
һĹŶôɣ鲼ƣ˭֪ʲôӣ϶ٲ˻ɱ
ȥɣ⣬ĹصΪ̽·ȫҵģ
ϣǼǿ߶ĹУԺûˣ

Ƭ֮һǧ˵Ĺųǣʱȴֻʣ˲ʮˣ⼸ˣʵͨȴȫǵ̵ġ
ǽȥˣһ˿һ༸ˣĿ䵭
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ǼѾʧȥϵӵԹҲȥܣ˵ʵڵģЩΪضܸػǣǵҪӦԸղǵӰӡ

ͻȻԶĵطһҽУʱ֪ǸղЩļ֮һ˲⡣
֪ʲôȻһ֮߷ҵĽ
ûжڰԾΧı仯ͬʱʩչϢ֮ԼϢͬʱʩչ֮Χɹܡ
ԼٻҵĽŲԶӦЩ߷ģһЩ˵ɼǴʱжô־塣

һҽһ߲ҽδ֪ڵĶ֣ʯոӹֲ
˭׼ҵٴȴĲҽһܲ⻰йգʧء
Ȼ޷ˣ󵽶Էʱ̬־塢δ֪Ŀֻźͼģʹô˽ɥʧǡ

ҽ𣬵˲ⶾ֣ȴǸղˡ
ȻһҽУǰ˵ֱӱˣ˻״񣬻ű·ҿ
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ֱͣ˽ŲϢУԶԶ뿪˸ղŵĵط
Ƭ֮Ѿ޷ӦϢˣ׵Զµļˣ֪Է

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΢̣ϵ֮ľȴûһ˿и
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ȵԼʮ֮ԶʱǹһȻתһǹ̳
䣡
ֲĻ֮ӿǹ·ǻĿǣϽâһǵ걻Ρ

ΪҵĺзͷƤ飬ǲܷġ
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657 
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ҽһΣȫһмĽʯڣҲǹ͸ˣһֱһɵ֣żŨϢ
ɢȥ쿴ǵùȫɢˣعȫΣȱͷǲƣ֫ȫѡϵǵ꣬ԭҪܶ࣬ǣѪɫĹâͷƤ顣
һ֮ûгɣǹһת廯ݣԭתȦǹųϽɫǹâĿиˡ

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һش˼꣬ͬʱҲԼ㹻ʱᡣ
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658 ٻ
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ȻôôԣҲȻС
ŵǿ꣬޾а콫ˣȴ޷޳Щʣ˰ȫҵ취һ죬ܵɣ־壬пʧȥҡ
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ʮʱȥˣ첻֪Լ뵽˶Զǣߵ֮Уռ䶼ǻҰһƬ·ڻδֵʱ
ÿһɢļµϢͬʱһĪƺǣԼǰߣܹĸо·Լһ㡣
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ƬҲסϢ֮Լ棬ͬһŻһ㣬εʯ֮УܿƬĵطԶȥ
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ɣɣܾˣ
ɣص֮컯
ɣСϣ㳬㲻𣡡

һĶ䣬·깴ǵסתŲǵǿֲ򻺻Ʈȥ
·ʧԼʼǡ
Ȼʱʶеһ統ͷȣţҡҷһɾ֮ɨԪ˲ָ
Լľٶɫ䣬亹תԶֲ
ɣ㲻컯
ɣƹ磬޵죡

һǵٴס˸ɫ䡣һûʧ񣬵ҳɣ
Ӹ㲻죡ң
˭ģ춼뿴ֲڣһˡ
ܲУ򵥵ļ仰㽫˿ܣ֪ôġ
ңǵʱƺһѪҺĸо˵Ѫ޷䣬𣬷·ѪܾҪһ㡣
Ժĸ˲ʹһƬң·޾Ŀֻ֮С
һд˵еĴִܸڣʵԲֹʥˡ
Ϊ֪ʥǿȴȫ·Ҫƿһ㡣
ֲֻֿĴڣһ㡣
ǣ⵽˭أ
Ϊλٻ
ҪʲôѲҪԼ
һͨԽôգӿµٶȣʯ֮УԶ˿ֲ
տʼʱ췢ǰߵǲŨȣʱ֮Ũڱ䵭ˡ
￴ĲƵǣϹǣһЩʬ
֣ΪλиʬţǸʬǼʮǰǰ˵أȻǸӵ˴ˣк¾ͺܲˡ
ǣţһˣΪλˡ
һ룬˸Īʥ˵
ʥԿסµʴںܿ츯࣬ڿֲɷ֮֮ʥʬҲпܱʴɿݡ
ʥʬĻǾ˵ʥ
ôܣĹҲʥ֮кó֣ʥ᣿ƷԼĲ²⡣
˵һ߲֣һͬߣǴۣᣬⶼпܡ
ʥȴһˣǿʼڴ֮УۼˣطֲܷĹе֡


659 ֲʬ
Ѳʥ߽з˴սǴ˴һƬսĹ˽֮ƣ˴óĹеһվһУûжϵ
ȻǰǾ߸ʬȷʵһʥʬȻĲ붼
ֲתһȦ޷ҵһ˵ͨԼģԲȥˡ
ֻҪһ㣬һֲĵطʥ˶ˣһСС龳ߣʲôҴ
ŰٶԶһǾ߸ʬϻɢſֲɱ
첻ߣطȥ֪ᷢʲôֲ顣
һ·꣬ʵβ룬ӵģҲ촹ߵġ
վûǣѡ뿪
̫ܶһսһΧʱգǲǵΪ
ƺ֮ǰƬΪĵģ涼ǿߣԽ⣬ʵȼͽˣڽԵ࣬𽥼١
һʯ֮Уһ꣬һ߿ݹϣһɫĶ
𾪲ѣ֮ŨһıУѾˣѵѣ飬Ȼһȴõġ
һ°Ȼֵܵס֮µʴ֪ʲôģ콫ɫ˸ڱĻҳһ˿ҳûճסµһϲѡ
Ϊʦȴ޷͸ʲôƵģַҲһı
˼飬쿴˶ı࣬һӤȭͷСİɫͼڣһõı־
ڽãʲô־ʲôʵͼ־Īһ֯ļʶϾޣЩ˵ȫİģ˰죬Ҳ֪ڽʲô˼Բȥˡ
ȴڶһ棬Ҳ棬õı棬ϵС֡
壬ƺǸո̭һֹ壬ƺϹʱڵ֣ͨڹżʷм֣Բ˳
ҹڤ֣üͷһ֣֪˵֣ǵطֻ֣֯֡
ЩأҹڤҹǺҹźڰڤпָڤĹޡ
һ𣬸һɭɭĿֲ֮У˲뵽ɱ֯
ҹڤһɱ֯һƵ֯ʺϲ񣬴ʵԱϣܷá
ҹڤҹڤʲôڤڿʼҵˣ֪ΣҪһưһԣֹ䣬㿪ʼ䶷ˡ
óһ׽滮˼£һ˿ۼû£ɼι̶̳ȡ
ϲףȥƶ񣬷һ֣һ˿ȶûС
ǱﰡԺҪȫˣ¶һϢЦ⣬ҲմϳֱԼϡ
Ȼ϶֮ﰲ࣬ңϢƺ⶷ˡ
Ǽˣˮ֣䳾Ϣı£ʺɱʹá
УǱ绢սһ㣬Ϣնɱˡ
ϢҪãϢֻϢã񲻵ϢһԷ
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ɢȥܵһӰ˲ʧټ
źɫɱ˼꣬ͬʱҲԶȥûпɱ꣬˳Ϊ֮
ʱУĴΣգʱпһֻЩѣпֲĴҪɱһϣҲһܻ
Ƭ֮һ꣬ڰ֮Уոϡ
סϢ͵Ϯɱǣʩչ⾳ŪĶǲСܿ㾪꣬Ϣʱ䣬ʶ̽鵽мʮˡ
⣡ͱ˹ˣٶˣˣɫ䣬ɫ壬˲ʧԭء
һȺʯ֮УֻоһЩϢ֮ĲϢʲôҲûз֡
Ȼûǣȴ˼ά־֪ŭ
˲䣬߳˹пߣŭǷпܱһЩǲߣҲᱻ಻Ĺܡ
ӹͷˣһֹһ߷ɱٶȷǳ죬ӹߵ꣬Ҳˡ
ã˽ŲһоŨŨ߹طҪŨҪ֮ĺˮˡ
ʲôط˵ͻ⾳ĲΣǧԶߣüͷ΢ɲ
ʶ޷棬˵ǿĴפأȻôֲҲʲôطеģһЩйصĴǱһЩйصԴ
ǰ߿϶Σ֮ߣȴǲɹıأõпЩԴͻƵ塣
Ȼˣ첢ûбջͷǰߵĻóȻȥȫ
Ǻأ
첻룬ѵõԴҪҵɾˡ
һ԰ɣΣգ뿪˼ע⣬ϢؿǸɢŨŨʯߡ
Ƭ֮վʯߵĶڣס۾ʲôҲ֮£ʶȫչ˲֮һ
Ȼʯľʱɫ䣬סһ亹ë˲ը
˲䶼תͿ񱼣ͬһɢ˵գ۱ûӰ
𡭡
ȻվûϢ뿪ʯһֲĴڣʶ΢һɲǣ˶ԷŶҲ޷ֲĴϢ
ˣ
תۼ䣬챼˼ʮɣȻһŭ𣬷·ҪƷдˡ
ǿֲⶼȴ˰ɣиֳŨŨļɵɫ΢ؿ񱼣ԶǸʯߡ
ǸʯУһ߽ʬѪɺˣݣȴܸߴоųߣı壬Ƥ壬ȴûиãйݵۿ֮Уһ˫Ѫܵӣа׹⣬ʶײ˶Է۾Уһ֮£ʶ𶯣ŽֲĴڸѡ
ʯеﶼûпӴܡǸʬϣܵ˼Ϊֲѹһļµĸоǿ߶ǸŮӲ˶١
ȻǸŮǵ۾ʥߣʬ϶Ҳһߡ
еĳǿߣֻķݶ


660 
ʹæԶӣ쵹࣬û·谭
ȻǾǿǽʬ·жϢǽ׷ţһֱɵľ롣
룬ԷӦûûв׽ӰǸʱµĺۼ׷ġȻȴ۵ĽʬҪץǲѶ
δˣ˸ǵģЦһʩչռ⾳ʯ任λãǽʬԶȻԷʵǿȻ˾룬ȴûаѣԷɽ׷š
үģӺˣ֮ǽʬȻǧɶԶĵطεͬʱҲһŭһ߼һߴүģ׷ӸûʲôĶĶȥ
ǣʬ˵ʲô׷ţɫԽԽء
үģǼˣǿ߳ѹ㣡ŭ죬޺޵ֹţ룬ʵ޷⽩ʬ׷óǿɱʬ
˷Щ᲻ãЩӵ֪жҪرǶûк̨ɢޡ
򲻵ѣǲƵġ
Ҳ뵽𣬵ǣʬǿǽ͵ԷС
ԣֻп񱼣Ѱҳ·֮Ҳ˵
һ㣬촩ʯ֮Уԭ꣬ܿǣʱֱӳȥܵĻ֮˲佫ɱٶȴδһ֡
ģʯеԽԽˣţӦǽӽʯ֮⡣
֪ʯ֮⻹ʲôֻϣһ
֮ڱʯߣ򡣵ǰһȻ
ԥֱӳ
ŭɣǽʬǽ׷š
ӣﲻĵ̣ԽˣٻȥԷأһ̣쳯һ󺰣ȻûϢ
׳ǣϢ֮ǸʬҲˣǰԳһ£Ҳ˽ȥ
ȻԶ뽩ʬǧɶԶǣǲ׽˽ʬϢ˼磬ٱš
ģԽԽ·һƬ㳡һ㣬ʯûʱȥעΧľһ˼עͻΣա
ȻоϢѪζ
ˣɫ΢䣬ˣô˵·УѪζ˵Σأոշһɱ¾
ʬ׷ţٶȲЩԥˣ뻹δ뻢ڣٽѣȫǶϾ·
ܿ죬˵ϵʬ壬ȫǱΧĹʯģѪģ
࣬ɼһʬ壬״ң﷢ë
Ѳٶ룬ֻɱ֣˵ȺĿֲʬҪࡣ
ûгɣɵһ㣬ڹʯС
¡¡
ȻĹʯһζʯһ㣬ɶ
ʱƽ࣬ǹתһ߶ʯ飬һɵ·ʯ顣
Ƭ֮쿴һƬ΢ƽʯأվżӰ·ǸոջյߣϻѪ
֮䣬Ҳƽʯм䣬һɴСĹԲ̨澹Ȼһͼӡǡ
ʯ̨ףȺǱֱӴ͵
ʱҲע⵽ˣǰƺû·ˣʯȺ·Щѷ֣ȴûд˲٣һͷһĵĵ°ӣˮļ涼ʯڣûг·
ɲΪȻⰵôˮӦһ·ЩҲ֣ٳûгԣǵΣء
ԣֻվںӱ߸ɵţƺȫӵ׵·ǹʯȺѾüˣʵ޷ȥġ
˵ⰵӲǻ·ڹʯȺͨߣиǿĽʬ׷ţǲ·
ĳ֣ܿ˷ֻ֣ʮˣҲСˣոտӰǱһ𣬽˱ս״̬ȴ羪֮һĿֻš
Ȼǿʱɫ䣬Ǿϲٺһ㡣
ţǱʯȺ˵԰Ƕɹѹء
ֻոջϲ˲䱻һ仰ˡ
ӣӣнʬ
ھʮ˻ʮɵʱ򣬱ѾˣϢ֮Ѿ˺ӵϣʮˣӣ·ǿʬ׷
˵ţʶ̽ˮУȴˮǣֱ׹ĺ̶еһƴ
ңӵһƬʶ̽ⲻ˶ԶоʮɿĺӶ棬Ǵұ֮£ƺһ
죡㣡㣡㣬뿪ɣһ˿죬
ǰ죬뿪ɣˮ̹ǣϣ˵·һæǳʯȺɣм
ˣ죡ǰɣ

ϣȻȴüͷ壬Ҫ£·һпֲĽʬ׷ֻӵײһӣ
˵꣬Щߣֱ˺У˲䣬ĺˮû
ˮУ²ͣƤ֪ȱʮٱǵĺˮ㶳ʹʧȥжӵס
ĵ㱻ˮⶳˡ
ҿ컹ܱһ˿ûб𶳻ȥؼʱ򣬵ϵĺָж
ʶˮУֻ֮̽ԶѾ׼˷򣬻ָж֮󣬱һϢҲͣûˮУ˫ֻźˮŶʯȥ
оаȻˮģȥг·ļˮУѶסֻƾˮˢ
ԣȻֱŶȥ
ʱ֪ȺΪβˮǲǺΣأɭĺˮǿԳܵģβ˶Զͻ𶳳һ߱ʬӵס
ʱԹ˲ϾﵽЩˣζԷԥԥУԾͲˣƾ
ֻˮ΢ȻԶȥ
ʮ߿Уɫ䣬໥һۣһĿɬ
زʶôǣ
ǰûоǵ˼ʵسʯȺȻԴǳȥģ
Ⱦˣ˵ʲô·ʲôʬƭȥɣ
ǰʬĶҿ
нʬô뿴õҵ֮˵ԽնɱȻ°ӣ˭֪ʲôΣմڣ֪ôģ

һȺ˶Įƺܲ⣬߶߶ģӣֿʯȺ
𣡡
ȻʯȺķһֲ֮ŭ֮õ涼ڲ


661 Ԫ
˲䣬ʮɫ䣬뽫ĿƵʯȺһЩ˱ŵö
⡭ʲô
ʲôô£ѵнʬ
ʬҿǼģôôֲĽ
һֻްɣˣôֲĺһֻһ
򶨣򶨣֮˵ǿԱޣ

ģ˸оһëȻϢڿٿԶʯתʯ䣬ֻ֮Ϣ֮ʯȺȻһݵӰ˵ҰС
ϡңѪɺԣа磬֮·ԵĶһ㣬ֲ֮
ʬǽʬ
ѽôֲļһֱһʬ
ҵģôһ
Ӱɣǽʬͷˣ
ûƭǣǽʬ군ˣ
죬Ȼôһһ㣡

һٶĽʬ˳ױˣҲĴܡ
죡죡ӣһ
ΣңһУǾȴԸԽʬҲӡ
ҲҪ£ʬ˹ʯǿԽ˻뿪
Ⱥһ˲䣬˴Ӿ˻
ԶԣлᣡʯȺ
ӣػرܿʬ
࣡࣡

ʮ߷һ㣬౼ȥҪĹʬʯС
ȻǾǣʬһŭͬɥӣֱ͸꣬˲ʧԡ
𡭡
ţһŭʮѪֱӿԶأҽ
ŵѪζʬ·˷ˣͬһ㣬嵽Ⱥץһˣһ˺˺룬ʳ
ܿ죬ڿ־нԼ궼û£ֲĽʬʳһգϵѪʳɾˡ
ʳʮߣʬߵӱأźĵıˮǼɵȴǲʣŭƬ̣Ȼתߵķȥ

ĸоûдȷʵұڵаȴ뵽ʮɴϵ¶ҪȺӵ׸ߺܶ࣬ԽײˮԽͣȴңӵаˮ滹Ҫļʱʶͱˮˡ
Ѿ֪ǽʬǷ׷ֻܳӵף˳·ֻмɿߣ·һϴĶѨ
ƴΣͬһ㣬ѾʩչȫΪǽʬҲ׷
֪˶ã·һ죬ַ·һ֮꣬ɭĺˮУꡣ
ģ쿴⣬·ǿҰгһֻө棬СȴעĿ
ƴػˮ·Ҫ޾ĺڰİ·һž޴޿ڣźڰһС
޾ĺڰͱ̹֮Уܹһ˿âϸСҲ˵ʱĿֻԴΣգǰһ˿ȷʵǺڰָĵ
ƲԶľ룬ȴ㻮˼ʱǰ˼·̡
ڣƬһֻССө棬һƬ֮ĺ棬Щ⣬Դں
ģ쿴ˮе㣬Ȼˮ̹ǣŹֵȴڳС
Щ㣬СһаƴģҲмģͬһ࣬βĳһ㣬ռ֮һϸĺˮᱩȫɫȴɫűʯһĹīɣ
첢ʶ㣬϶Щζ󲹣ʳһа
ˮдǷ
ϲֱ۲ӿ˻ٶȣܿ죬˹ֵˮС
˵Ҳ֣㾹Ȼֻйĵطζȥڰ˼⡣
ʱٶȣһԼǵ˿Өζ͸ԣȻĴϴ֣ڿ֮Ҳϲ֮С
һ㻺ҷǰֻӴ죬治ѣ³һˮݣ·ѯ졣
΢̣֣ͷ
ͻȻ벻鷢ˣС˲ſֻͣаƴСͣһſ֮ȴͻȻÿһˣɭ׵˸ޱȣһϸɺͷ˲䵯˳ԼһĲӡ
ٶʵ̫ˣû˼˲䱻ҧסֱۣݣȻ͸ļ⣬Ѫ磬Ĺͷģͱҧˡ
˲ɫͬʱŭգô㣬ǳ˵ħαװޡ
һƭԵԻˮе飬֮һ
ԳɹֵĽ㣬·ܵٻһ㣬˹ÿһ鶯ھһɴʱ򣬱ſǿֲĴڡ
㣬ԾħһȺֲĺжħ
һŭ֮£ѪӿɢȥĽѪս֮УɺͷûвסԼʱ˲Ӱ֣һƬӳϽɫ
ͬʱԵ⾳ʩչһ޴֮УΧʮڵħ㣬ȫһգûӰ
ʱâµĺУһ޴г֣ź棬ӳһɴУһϵš
һЩħ㣬о˽ȥһա
ãĹʶҲĲСˣƬ֮ɫЩףپ֧ʱУĺˮҲ̺һֹ֣ȥֱΪֹ
֣ͣ͵һΣ˲䳯źȥ
Ϣ֮ɳ˺棬նµ硣
ȥ췢Ȼһɽ֮Уɽǳ޴Ȼγɣû˿ĺۼ
ûգȴ磬֮ϣضǾӨ͸ĲɫʯȻûȴƯβϣЩʶĿľʯӳ£ټɽҲǲʹƯ
Ů֪طﶼԸ⡣
ߣЩûʲôо
ǣʹ˷ŮˣŮޣ඼װǳ⣬ЩóȥһЩϲΣֵȻ͡
Щʯͷеֱʯϡг̶ʵЩԱġ
ʱֱ治ʲôΪûֻǵʯͷ
óȥлȡʯߣ˵һϡеĲϣ
һ˲併ڰϣŵһžӨ͸ɫʯһ㣬һȴʯͷӲޱȣôֲ޷κεˡ
˲ɫ䣬龧ʯУת͵һա


662 ɳ
ǡ
һǿɫľʯ˲仯һѾӨʯۡ
۾΢΢һɫʯײˡôʯͷһЩ˵Ŀ
ڿһɣֶŵһץһһѵľʯУתƵ˿ռָУΪ˽ʡռ䣬ֱ˼öеĿռָЩʯȥ
ľʯʵ̫ˣһУʩչռŲ֮֮ƽȥһСɽѣŰ֡
ȻưĲʯЩʯͷټɽУȴǾţһë
һɽ˼ƶڵĵطʶչ漴üͷźһʶϵ̽ţڿһССĶڣģȻȴ̽˾ͷ
ڣڻϣɽϣʮɸߡ
ұϵĶѨȥ˼ȴͣ˽Ųʹᡣ
ʲôζô㣡ζֹ˼ʶȫչѭȥ
Ƭ֮ںһ棬һҶֻɶССģڰұ֮ϣʮߣɽ沢ûкѾǺˣڰӵĶ
ŨŨǴɽɢġ
ûгɣһ˲ɵ˶ڣʶɨһ£ɫˡ
һߺǣѾȥ˶꣬Ѫⸯֻʣһ߰׹ǣͷа׹˸
֪֮ǰһһʵߣùҩǣĹͷŻа׹˸ʯһ㡣
ǲףŻְӫ⣬׵ĻĹͷӦ羧һ㾧Ө͸֬
ǣѾ㹻ˣ̥ǵҩܵõһЩѾĻԵˡ
˲֪ɽд˶ˣֻʣһ׹ǣ·ǻɻˣϵĹͷദѣعǷ·Ǳػһ㣬һȭӰϴĺۼֳ
ͷ­ϣһۣüĽԶһЩˣпɥ
˵ǵɱǾ֮󣬾Ч
컺߹ȥԱߵһʯ壬дһֽ֣½ͨõ֣ʯͷϵĺۼЩˣµʴ£ѽ
һʯϵݣд仰
ͬʥĹѰ㣬˶ӣ˾˼ʦãĿ𾪺衣
ϵ˼ԣΪ𾪺˵飬Ӧ˵شʥĹģѸˣӵطо޽˼ʦãд˲ʮֵ顣
𾪺裬Ӧò˵֣Ӧһط֯ΪʵУΪֵĵط֯в٣֡
첻̾Ҳ֪ηʥĹܣҵڵģܽУȷʵòˣȴѲǱﶴģ˰ʥĹ
֮£ط˹أζ
ˣǰҲһպĸ֣Ȼǿϡ𡱶ˡ
ϧĸ֣ջһĻĿ
ʯ壬εҡҡͷ漴ĿƵʯ棬ʱɫ䣬ϲѡ
ֻʯľͷһ߸ߵʯͻԳӨ֮ΧһССĳӣȫǻǵɫҺ塣
ǰŵǹǴǰʯϴġ
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ﰡ쾪ϲѣ༸İɫҺ壬̾һ漴ĿȥˣĶˣһѴСİӣ澲ŲСһںȵĴɫӨҺ壬ֻмΣٶһĻͻĳ
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һοֲ˻ֻС΢ţһɵصӿѨ֮еж棬ǶϣǶߡЫ֮ģȫɽȥ˲γһɶ˽Ĵ롣
ҪɵеĶЩΪʳǿԼ⸱𺳲ѣԭҪץ߽ʱȴԥԼʵˡ
Ƭ֮󣬵һĶﱻɵˣϢҲǿһ춼ļµϢɢѨʮɷΧʯںʯأ˺ɫ
Уһǲ𣬻߰ɣԺʵʶ²ԥתߡ
ƺ㣬ʵΪֲоԼٶƬ̣˵ɥڴˡ
Ϣʱ䣬˳ڣ󷨽涴Ϣˡ
ڳڵһ˲䣬һɿֲͱӦǽƼˣϧһɿֲѹոϮʧӰ
첻ᵣĽ׷Ϊոɨһ۳ڵĶڣϿƣֹ򣬲Ҫ˵ǽϻˣҲ޷롣
һڣʱһ˵ʵڵģ֮ǰĵǺܴģȷʵЩ첻µز£ǣżʶĳЩ棬Щˡ
Ⲣ˵ûˣ֮ǰçײӽ֪
ҲֻܻþһЩ
뿪˶涴Ǹ֮ǰһҪһĳƬʱ䣬㳹׳ˣһȫµĵط
̣ܶҲż䷢ڵĿݹǣȻЩӶ涴߳ߣջǱ綾
ǰĿռ䣬ƺһޱȣ˿ȶ涴СǽĺۼʯǽϣһЩͼڣеĵطơ
ǽϣм͵ƣƺټĵطҲǸˡ
Ķ棬ƺĳڣȴÿһʮɿȴģһƬ·ǽ֮Уʲô
Щڣʬ壬еѾΪ˰ײӲӵĿݹǣеĻѪܵȻá
ʶ΢չ˲оһųϮɱ֡
ɱھȻɱ󣡡ɫ΢䣬ɱ󣬾ոʵߣ޷롣
طֻܽȴ޷ȥɱƣ㲻ɱ棬ҲпܱС
ڴ룬һ붾涴ʯ̨һСʯ̨ŵһͼڡ
˿̵ʯУʮˣЩˣһЩǸոռģһЩȴİףЩ˶Ǵطģʱվڣǰѡ
ĵǰһһЩˣȴɫ䡣
ֻһɨˣɫ˲ˣһɱӶӥһɱһڡ
һһЩ˱ܿ
ͷˣԭΪӹ˻ȴջ׷ˣ
ֲǼһһĹ֮ɫԭǸ涴ﰡ
һոջǿǼȥأ
вԱУһһСˣ˵ȵĹ˵֪һЩܣ
Ҳԣ˵һйĹͼȻȥģʲôʱܵر֮أ°·ͻᱻֻظɱˣ
ƻˣʲôرͼҪʧˣ
ʲôΪɵӣ뵽ô벻
ʲôͳͳҪˣֻҪܺúһոߵľУ


667 
һŭվڳڵĸŵȷɫס
ǣûг·ǰڶɱѾü죬ǲҽС
ȻʦԹһЩ֪ʶ˺Щʱȴһ
ðӲ˼Σˣ˻мɱ˼Σҽ룬Ϊɢɱ̫ˣʬҲࡣ
ǿżʵС߽ȥֻһҽУûϢʬ嶼û¡
뼯֮ǿн󣬵ǣ֮ǰľٶѾվ˵Ķ棬Ҫ߳ɱͬ⣬˽׼һս
ʱĵ׽͹ȣֱҪ
һڹųǿֲķֽǣڻĵ׷Ĺؽڻʹ
ҪǳŴ˺ܶ˵ҩѾĹ֮С
Щˣù˵ҩ˺üʱ䣬Ȭġ
ǣƸոȬ죬о
ҵڰû¸ʲô֮ذɣĺӴͷˣεؿ̾һ͵͵һʥ棬Ȼó˻ƽӡԪĵϮҳ
ɷӡ˲󣬻ʮ֮ޣӳһƬɫĻӰ죬ɽʮ֮ķΧѹ졣
ɷӡһΧ۵˽Ǿ̾ĽҲ˵ܲܵеùʥ
ɫǹֱӽȭͷϣ˳ɵк˵ɷӡ
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˲䣬죬Ϣ΢΢һɷӡȫȭͷסˣųĻӰɢȥӡСձֻһɴСɢ˿˿Ԫ
찡Ȼֿȭסʥһ
Ҳ湻ԵޣԪʥԿס
ڲĻʥֻһϺõıѣ
ǰûʥʥһ̵ı˶ѣ

һȭֱɢ˵ɷӡѹȵڶȭʱ򣬸ɫ䣬ٻ˵ɷӡٴιԪȥ
أ
һɷӡͷųһɴһĺϢûһҫ۵Ĵ֮þѹ졣
ȻʱȭͷѾ˳·ݷһͷһ㣬ֲѪһʮ֮޵ľȭӰƾճ֣ɷӡײһ
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ﬡ
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һˣгĽŲ͸ĿѪ֮⣬ûһ˿ÿ¡
̫ˣ̫Եˣ
һȭȫԴһֻޣ
𣬹Ȼ鴫
ֻһȭ˸ǿУ֪СУмĵ֣
벻Ȼѧôľѵõʥ˵ĴУ

ÿ˶Ĭȴźϣǵ̫ˣ˲оǲһˡ
һʮɣ㵽˸ǰ֣ȴָһܿȭͷŵɷӡ˲˴

һ㶣漴һҽУֻһǱӰɶ˺ۣΣɷӡ֡
ӣ
һһվڸǰֽֽǣȴͣ׹ǵؿͷɱңһɣԸ׳ĹĵͼŹҰɣ
ľٶʹžޱȣ˶סǰһĻһĲ˼顣
Ǿ벻ĸ֣ȻͷģֱΥǵĹ
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ʶˣһǵһοһ龳ĸֹĵģ
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һﲻͦôأ
ѾˣӴԺ󣬽֮أǧ˲м
ʲôʲôĹĽ֣Ѿע˲ǵˣҲȥעҪΪᣡ

˵ʵ۰ڳôǱӣ춼ÿǣǰĳȴЩȻԼ޲ðƤĵˣȻȫ˵ϣ
ɲǸֻһ޲ɱʮΰٴΣΪı
һ̾뵽ģһҵȻһץļֱӽһŭģûҪɱʱûнĽ֣
ؿھҵţ۾ЩϹ·ʧһ㣬ŭȵģΪʲôģеɱ𣿡
ΪʲôҪɱûе㣡㾹ȻɱĪ꣡
ΪһŹΪҾͲɱ𣿱ˣ
ҪһϵĹͷҪϵһƬƬҪһ˺Ҫ޾ʹȥֻضûУ

״񣬴һֻһǡ𣬽űǸĲҽ
ֱļѪɣֱۼҪˡ
Ҫãܣ
һֱһȭҽ˸ĵ
ء
һҵֻٴβҽһɳȥصǽϣѪһأѪˣյصǽ£ЩԹȥӣӦԶˡ
ɲôҪܾѣʹ
һ絽ߣһ˿άһ˺
Ȼ壬״̬࣬ǣﱻ٣ѾǷһԶ
ʱ죬ͬɷһ㣬ͬزţоǿ־壬Ŀ־塣
ħħ
·ɵˣؽкš
ҾħҪԶ־;֮Уһ䣬ֳצסϵһؽڣһ󣬡֮ٴ



668 ĶԿ
ʹµĸѪմȾһ˿̵һƬ
˿ûϵһؽȫϣšĹ֮ЩΧҲɫס
һһʹĻ˹ȥȴŪѣֱϵйؽڶ飬ͣ֡
Ϊʹ˰֣ǣȴֻݻһ£ű㽫еĹͷ飬ҽڴС
ʱʶЩʧŭͷˣ۾ŵϹ⣬ŸʹҽУ΢΢𣬷·һ˿Ц⡣
ЦݣڸУǶħЦݣҲһֿ߳־֮С
ʱʯ̨Ϸһ΢׹һһǰһӰʯ̨ϣ˲佫Χ۵˵
ˣǿϢ
˭оħһ㣡
˲Ǿ߽ʬɣôһϢϺѪɫ
ԣ˶ǣǸʵǿս˶٣
Ȼⲻһսˣ

һǰһˣɫ䣬˶İȴܼɵΪɢϢǿ
ɫ԰ףһ㣬Ŀΰ͸Ź⣬˻Ϊһ߽ʬء
ǰˣܶ˲ʶȴǼ£һɫߣһۣһħ
Ȼǲڤ
һ֣̾ע⵽ǰѪˡ
һ˲䣬ڤɫˣ˸һ˿ɵ
ǣ챳ĥʱ򣬷·ûвԼĵϲ磬˲̧Ϯɱȥֱĺԡ
ȫĥĸ֮УȻֵΣգһļµĸо˲ع֪˲ڤĹѾҪˡ
˿壬˲תղ񹦣ɢеħʶһƬڵϣҲ̧־һơ
ء
ҵײһֲĲɢ쿿ǽڣ޷ֻܿӲ˶ԷĹ
ڤȴǱİԵˣ˺ʮɲֹͣжĹȣԲûˡ
򵥵һζƣʹô˶Ǹеĸ֣ܿĶս˵ҲһСԵ
ǸյĿ꣬ոյĹ۾һҰһ˿⣬ӿֳŨŨս⡣
֪˭֮ǿĪǴײɣ֪Σһ룬겻ͷųһ˿˿ֲʬڿС
ڤվڵϣغһ˼۸죬ּˣ
첻ǸղŶԷڵǹԪؿŲڤϣĴͷ࣬ãȻͽ£
ߣ죬ҳϲĶ֣ǣɱңҲûôף֪״̬Լ޷ƵģֲĴĻ֮Уʧȥ񣬼㲻ɱ֮УҲпʵ֮УڤЦһ
ߣɱħһϵɱӿˣϯڤ
ȵȣ죬ţ޵ҸһλѣҲжǿȻڤһֹ֣ǰĽŲ漴ָǿ֮꣬£ħտҪˣ
˵꣬꣬صѣûƭɣǸħ壬ϽԾ󻼣
걾ǻɲڤĻģΪһμڤʱ򣬱ǲǰĹУ䵱ħޣǰɱ֮ǲڤ˵ǱһħˣϲմȾŨŨħңǸħбޱȣɱԡ
ŰɣȴҲ׷ڤϵħ⣬ԷŪһ䴳ʥĹ
ڤҲǱȽϼɵչصˣΪʵƺ֮ϣһһǿ
꼸һգͬһжˣıϣȴûʲô˼
ڲڤĻǰŰɣֻҪҵһǿĶ֣ӡ֤һԼսǽǸڤеħնɱ㲻С
ܵõʥĹеı׬ˡ
Ȼһ㿴ǸħһϵĹͷȫˣĥܡ
Ըоˣһɿֲħħħ޷ģֻħŻС
ħ壬Ҳǳʹħ壬ǸһνУϣħ
ޣԣħħޣ᲻һɱ⡣
Եһƻ˲ڤȴӲ˶ԷĹʸӡ
ԣܲڤ˵ǷʵҪһлᣬԥնɱԷ
һûʲô飬ؿ죬һ߱ʬһ㣬죿
쿴һˣܵɢŨŨʬüͷ
һ㣬ǲʬģֻаɵߣŻʬ
ӣһаʬޣ
˭Ƴһˣȫ޾⣬ҲûСԷ˼ܸܵ˺ǿ
ʣʬһĿص
֣쵹ǺİʵڤҲû˵֣ǣϵΧ֮УһЩ˾Ȼ˵֣ңһ˵ʡ֣ǵɫˡ
ʲôǹʣ
ʬĵһţưһһ
ʣˣǺպĹˣ
ǿֲ˵ʬԼڵصʬ˽Ƥǣ
Ȼǿϵʬ¶ɱˣ
԰ʬȻаɣȴһ࣬˵˺ɣӲɱ޹ôأӣƺնɱ죡
Ҳ֣˵ʬһʬȴֻڷĹսѰʬ˵ˣӦò׷ɱ찡
ôǱ˸ˣȻ׺ݣɱ޹˰
ǸߵĲʲôöƹƭˣ

Χ˵СǱУ쵹û˵ۣעȫ˶ԵϣˣҲȫڱս״̬û˵ʲô
ֻвڤ˵ɱһţ΢Щģ¹ͻȻսˣļƻʧˡ
ù˵ʵټԼһ͵ϮԿնɱ죬⣬ֻѡˣɱȻֲԿڤħͼӹһ١
ʱ򣬲ڤ룬ĹΪλὨһĹȻѰĴУǾûбҪŪôֲɱ
ǵĵĹߣֺαԼ׺


669 ʬ
ԣ²⣬λ߼棬ƵĹʵһֻо߱һʵǻۣſԵյĲر֮أĹҡ
Ҫǻۺʵﶼ߱ӣ߱
ʵòڤʵ벻ͨ
˵ʵڵģʵͬоεģҲֻŻ۷壬죬Ҳǿͨɱɡ
ĪϣԼΪһ󷨴ʦſ󣬰ȫͨ
ֿܣ뵽һֿܣǱǸ߼ϣԼĺԸɷӡҲ飬ͨʥ֮ĹģҲɷӡȡصһҪ͸Կһ㡣
һ뵽ˣڤĿƵԶǽ̱ŵ˿ĸöѪбѪȾĽӡŨṴ֮̃ɫ
ʹ˳ȥ˽ӡˣǣǿֹסԼе뷨
˿̣ûʲôɱ컹ҪҪ
ԣĿٴƵϣӽضŶԷŻĶߡ
ŶĹˣޱȣµ˲ڤ˶ԷȻһʶˣôԼôصɱ
ҲʲôȻվڶ棬ս˵
Ȼˣͳְɣܣصһ䣬컺ͷųɱ¾Ϣ֪һսԱ⣬Լ״̬ڵ۷塣
ֻʶɨ˼ΣԿ϶˵ʵڲڤ֮ϣ޵֮ϣأ򿼫Ͱһ㣬һʶǴͬһײĸ֡
ڹųУȫһʶΪԷĵﱻˣȻ޽ĶʣȴȲߵǸʱһʶսһȭͿ˲ɱ֡
ȻһʶǸȫԸĸ֣״̬µ죬ֻҵİսʤһʶ
һʶ֮Լɵ죬Ҫħ״̬״̬޵ͬˣǧһֻ
ǿһʶѾ׼ڹĹд֮زһս
˵ĳ֣ǰӦһʶս
жǿһʶжǿ
ȻһжĲ²⣬Ҳôˣ
Ҳ˱һʶǿһЩҲ˵ʱ򣬱Ͽʵǿƭ˵ġ
Ļ󣬹˵ɫɲ԰ףֻ¶ŨŨɱ⣬ɫһ䣬ɭȻ
ұûжԹǣħ֮䲻죡Ҵӻ˵ʱͷģɱħǰһһɵľ룬ɢʬʱʱԳĻӰ
憪£սɣûʵĽڣֻҿ㣡һӿӰţӳճϽɫ
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Ѿø˵ˣֱȭ˲ƽϢ˵תֹͣעҪһʬĸ֣жǿ
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ǸոҲսˣö˵˰ɣжǿ
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һ£ʱ˹ϵĳޣ֮У׼ӭӽս
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Χ˿һУĬȻ֮ǰβ²⣬ûв¶ԽǣǸܵһЩ⡣
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Ӯɵľ룬ǣɵľ룬ʵ̫ˣΪ챾ֻһɡ
ΪҪǣ칥֮ޱ仯ˣȴֱ۶ڲָؽڴĹҵˡ
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Ҳֲֻ
ǿҲ㣡˱ɸɴسԼ죬һеĻһǿϣȻЩơ
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ڤҲ˵ĻһΪȷʵǸţһϰһ棬ȴ˼ϲ⣬ʾԻԷȻ䲻⡣
ǣ˲һ˾ǰˣڳϣԣվһǿߡ


670 ӡ
ؽظȾ˳еÿһߣԶ̾硣
죬ڿ˵һ棬Ҳ΢΢ȣǵһμصߣǣÿһʵǿ
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һΣȴ˼˼ؿǰĳ·ԡ
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ڤмؿһۣɭɭħ壬ҵΣ㲻Ҫ£ɴħǲΪ
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˵ǹһʥ
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ǹһ֣ڤɫûб仯ɹ˵ɫȴˣܸоǹܲһ㣬иоһļµϢ
ԭѷһԳʥ죬ʼЩˣ֪ô룬֮Ĳж
ħа˵ö֮ɱڤͳ廯һӰɱ˹ȥɭƮǰûֲɭ޵þ
˱ЩɣڤȥˣҲɱǰǣʱƺЩ˼ŲڤĹΪλϢѲɱħˣϢ͸ħһ
ܿöļսУȫУս
ǹİսȷʵǷȲ󣬸޷еĺƥУʮغϺ󣬱㱻˻ˡ
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Ȼˣսû˿ԽսԽ£ǹڶ˵ĺϻշתŲϢڲڤһ˺ۡ
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첻Լ֮ʬܶ˵ĹɣܾܣӦԣսĲԡ
ڤ͹ˣ֪ǿҪԪûıҲûжá
ϬֶβǱУҲȵԪǴ֮
⾳壬Ƿ򣬶ͬһײǿɱ
ҪƻҲֻԴ֮
˼ͬʱ뵽һ㣬ʬΪ飬ר֮Ѿ⾳۷Ļ
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ʱ˭Ҳû֣ǽŵĸҪһغˣǣȴͻȻһ˿˿ϵظԭš
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ڲֻȫ˯ĵɷӡʱ·Ѫһ㣬ϵѪһεε˽ȥǱѪס˱棬еĹţʱһᾪˡ
ϵѪԽԽ٣ڵɷӡڲֳһѪӰ˸֮󣬽һĵɷӡӰ·ʱпɢһ㡣
Ӱһ֣ȸӦΧŨŨѪЩѪ֮УϤѪ֮ؼȡֱϵѪȫʧͣ
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ģϣŵ˵ɷӡϣϵذοԼԻָġ
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ѾǰԼſſʱڣһСָͷԼ
Уҵ뿪ʥգһԭģԴҳɱ󣡡
һ뵽ˣ뿪˵أ˲֪뿪˵ء
˵עսУ˵ע⵽
ɷӡԱߣʶһ˲佫ɷӡʹзɻУȻǵòӡƾһˣ޷õСɽһصĵɷӡġ
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˲ˣսҲӰˣԼͬطע𵽵׷ʲô顣
£ﱻϣȫͷ飬ôͻȻֺˣԣıˣڤʶɨɫ΢䣬а
ˣһľȣȴҲɻѣǱȽսֻɨһ۸ֻصսϡ
ǣΪ𾪵ģ죬Ȼõվ𾪣񣬱˻Ҫ


672 ǿо
ţͷųһȻɱ⣬ֻǼ򵥵ؿһۣ֪ȬˣȻһȴжԷӣҪӲɱ
øɵģΪ龳߶һӲȥοһˡ
ǣȴøʵɱУҪֽ
ȻɷӡͷųһɺȻʥ֮ʱ˶·ʩ˶֮һ㣬Īסˣսеˡ
⡭ʥ˵ƣ
찡ʥʥ
˼飡ôʥѵʥ˽ٴ˵ˣ
ÿֲƣһ˵ɢ
찡ô£ôʥѵʥĹˣ

ʥһ֣ˣÿ˷·һš
鷢̫죬ûü״㱻ʥסˣʧȥǡ
Щ˼ˣɫҰףޱȣɪɪ
ڣԱȽǣڿࡣ
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ѵӡһֱڳ˯ող
£ӡԵ޹ôأǲܵʲôٻ
ѲĹеıؽҪˣӡ󸴻ˣ

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ӡʥֻǼһϢȻʧˣŴӡ˿ҿһۣŻææسһڡ
ʱʥѾʧ˻ָɡ
ܲˣһɱһ㣬˸Ȼ߰ʮɵľ룬ʮɵľ룬ǣʱĸٿ죬ҲֻǷ˵ٶȣαȵŲ
֮ǰĲ²һȫԲùܣΪɱ󡣵ǣھͲͬˣĵɷӡ󸴻ʥ£ɱ赲ˣԷȫпõشɱ
ԣжڸ뿪ɱǰնɱ
Ȼ뷨ԸΪڤ͹˴ʱغ뿪սȦ벽
ңڤĿ⣬ЩԾ̰˷ܺݣ
УһҪȻ԰Ϣҵ裡
һϵƺȻǿ֮ǰʩչʮɹսĻôʱȻʩչʮɵĹŭ֮µ죬Ʋɵǹ͵ҵɭ֮ϣֱӽɭ̻ɣڤҲǱԵ𵽣°ʹһ˿Ѫ
϶ȴùлɳˣ̺۷⾳һȭصغؿڣһ˵죬һɽѪ絽˿Уޣ財
쵹˶ʮɣȻǳŸķ򣬵ȴǱȽϽӽ
סʹ⣬ǹһʮĸգ֮䣬Ѿ˸ǰ
ס֣

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ǹų˶ʮɳϽǹ˲˸ǱУҶˡ
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Χ۵˾ˣ͸Զ֡
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ʱżˣһαӲǳ˶˵ĺϻɳȥǽϡ
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ոսһɵľ룬˲΢ʥԼĺԴüĴ
˲䣬ĲͣˣĶȴˣüһѪʬ˲䵹ء
ˣ
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ʥˣ
ʥȫʧˣ𣿡
һʥˣ

˲䣬Ⱥˣɱȥʥ
ǣֲɱǰ
ȻһӰȴǼΪѸݡ
ֻڤڤħͼ˳߿գһɿֲħͷų֡
ţһڤħͼϢػɱ󣬽׷ɷӡȥ
ãɷӡʥĹдܣնɱ졣
ԣʱʱնɱ뷨׷ɷӡȥ
ħÿֲħʥ֮ϣ
찡ŨħħͼĪǿħ𣿡
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ѵħ˿ֲħ˭ƥУ
Сˣһֱħޣȴħһˣ

ȺˣݵƬʱ䣬̫ˣʶڤħͼߣֻˣ˶֪Ȼ𾪲ѡ
ˣȴסˣ
һֱԲڤĻŰɣδڤȻֲһħޣϻôǿһħ
һ֪Լƭˣ˲ڤı죬ѾС
ʱѾȥϵħˣŭˣ
ƭĸоܣ
˵ʹĸоܣ
ңűʬĲҰϣһγķŭ飬ŭһΧһ˳˰ա


673 ճ
˲䣬׸Ǵ򿪣һԾУ׸ϣ׷·ΪһˣһӰɱͨ׷ڤȥڽɱ֮󣬿ֲɱȴֻϣ֮Ȼ޷˵ˡ
ףӲɱ
ȥ˵û±ײĸأԭǸԼ˯ģ
̫˧ˣײˣҲԼˣ鴫
ģҪôһʹɱˣ

ȥ챾ɱȻҪնɱ˵ģȴΪˣ˶Ǹ֣Ҫնɱǳ֮ѣ뿪δһ£Ͼʱ̫ء
ֻʹ˰֣ܹǲܵڤƭѾ£Ҫ˶ϵģ
ȿȣ
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һδսνǲδܹصսˣ洩ŵǼڼԵֿʵĹϵɫһЩãĺ󱳿˺ˡ
ĻָǿЩĽѪȫջȥһ˿ڻš
֪˶ãѹϵȫˣĵҲָˣʵƺһЩ
Ҳѹ֣Ҽѵս츳Źأ
˵ĹУһ˿עΧı仯Ͼﻹмʮˣ˭֪û˵Ĺ͵Ϯ
ôõʱ䣬ЩȫԶԶܿ죬´š
Ƕ죬һ־η
ʵҲηʵ
ǴʱҪȥͱ
Ψһпܴģʱֻ졣
ҲЩΣ߼ĳ֮ӲĹһ֮صĻֱӾĺ·޷ֻͨеű

һ³һϣĿУߵߵһͨԣԵؿһе󷨣ʯϵĸơ
Ƭ֮תƵмͨڣϸؿһеĲƣüͷ
һ֮ߵһɱԣؿʯϵÿһƣɫǳء
һֹŻŻع̾һЩΡ
ĵѣûа󣿡̾Ϣһپ
ҡҡͷ󷨣һһӣҵƳ
˵ɫˣʧ֮˾֮⣬Ҫ·Ҫ붾涴ı·
ѵһû𣿡˲ģǰʵ
첢ûмŻشٴɨһ󷨣ŻҲûã
ʱиոľʧˣ֮һ˿
·һǵĵڶһ㡣
˵ﲢǾأϣղѯʵ˼ѣЩȻһǾͲȡһˣҲ޻˵
ԣȻ·Ǿߣ
ɱܱ

һȼ˵ϣԭֵˣʱȴ쳣Ծ֮
쿴һۣ󷨣ǧпͨͬλãǷͨΣ֮أǲ֪
󷨣ȴǿ֣֮ǸɱСʵʵͿָͨߵһɱ󣬵
ָڶɱ󣬵ɱ֮Ǹɱǿһ㣡ʾǿ߲ͨ
˵꣬һһͬʱָǰɱ󣬵ɱɱǿģԴ۶õģǣܾǰսֻôĸ֣ݻһЩƣʹɱǿͶȡɣŴɱȱ㴳󣡡
һ˲ĬˣĻףȴǵĳġ
ԣ˵Ʋ⣬ͶȡһСģٲ
ȼŵǹϣ֮˲ˣ
Ҳ
طһ˼
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Σ˵ʵûʮİһɵİҲûУ
ʦŻгɵİƳе󷨣ʱֻǿһ߼ʦ󷨴ʦһľ룬˵ʦˡ
ȻԴУϣҪһкܶĵƣɱֻҪʱѣźǣ޷Щˡ
ˣپٰɣ
̾һͨڣϵǽϵƣѰ֮
еˣȴʧˣе˫Ŀ޹⣬·ʧһ㣬еĽ겻ȥЩҧ༸˵Ȱ裬˶涴ֻ˾ڵأееȴǿ죬ƺڵϣ
ʱһعȥˣ֪ͨܣɫЩأûһ˿Ƿϡ
Ȼҵ֮ҲΣԡ
Ǽһֱעߣ˶ûзɫ仯ǼˣҲ²⵽еļѣҲǰֻһԹ۲š
ǻ˽󷨵ҪȫƳû£ǿƳһЩ죬ɱ֮нһȽϰȫ·ߣһЩλõɱ
һ뵽ˣƬҲδͣóһѼ򵥵ĲϣЩȫ󹤾ߵġ
ʶ΢˾ʼ
һϺõ֬񣬱һʱ䣬Ƴʮöơ
Ƴʮ죬ǿơ
ܹһ˼󹤾ߣȫ֮컹¼һ飬ԼʶӡԱ֮߳󣬿ԽЩջ
ϾһɢޣÿһҪԼȥȡ
ʱ֮վ΢΢һʱǼһֱעǰѣ׼׵
ͷһЩ󷨱䲻ƳɱȴҲǧɱѰһȽϰȫ·ϣȥ
棿˴ϲЩš
΢΢ף棡Ҳпܰ·鷳⣡һ壬ʱпɥ
һһ˿Ȼ漴ƴˣҲǵΪԼƴһѣź
ԣƴˣ̤һ̣ѽ֮ˣ
ĵѵģһ󣡡

ƺѾ¶˾ģ촳һɱ
أȻһָŴ̬һ˵
һ㶣뿴죬һ֮ףеľȨϣ첻Щ뿪ҲȥЩˡ
һʰɣģ͸ɣɨЩһۣ΢̾һѾеˣ϶˴˶涴


674 ͨ
ԣˣ˼˵
Ⱥһֲһܶ˶ţЩ˻
죬ܱ֤߳ɱ𣿡ͻȻһվʵƺЩ
ԣҲʳһ⡣
԰죬ĿԴ뿪𣿡
㲻ƭ𣿲ȥΪ㿪·ɣ
ҪǷΣգԹ𣿡

һ⣬˲ˣֻɨһˣ
ǵҺθɣֻΪԼٵ·ϣǲҵɺܶ࣡ûǸҴ󣡡صģ͸ɣ
˵꣬תóһƺõƣͶͨС
˲䣬һɺȻɱӿһɫϸڿУۺϽһͼƣɢſֲɱ⡣
Щɱֻʶ㹻˲ſԿü
ʹƽ伤ֳ̽·˫ֲϵշ裬·ʲôһЩӰ춼ڿˣþòɢ
Ƭ̺óһöͶͨһλãȶڵϡ
˲䣬ϵɢһµΧɱһƬеİȫˣĸվ
Ȼ󣬱㿴óö죬ֱ嵽ǽϣ΢ɢİ׹⣬һΣεڲ˰ȫͨ
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һɹʱһٴóһöͶ編ƣӦǽϲö죬ٴһȫǰγһȫͨ
һתԼˣҵĲôߣǾôߣǧҪ´ƣȻ˶ܻɥУ
ģǲʧ󣡡ͷǶкȻѹ
˵꣬һ̤УȻ߳½룬ǰ˵Ĳһ˿ĴǶޱȣ˿ĳִ˵
ԶȺ˽ɱʱȫûܵ󷨵Ϯɱϲѡ
ǣţǵɫˣΪͨм˵ӰʧˡȻ켸Ѿȫ֮УϢӰãȻ޷˵Ӱ
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пܣȻôһӰӶûУ
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켸˽֮оգԶһ
һҪϲҪߴ·߰쵣ΪŶ̡
ڶ˽󣬸Сģǰ˵Ĳ˿
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ÿɣͶȥһöö죬ȫȥ
ǵٶȺʮϢʱ䣬߳һɵľ롣
֮ѾͶȥʮöһʮɳİȫͨ

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ҾģҪڽţȻпӰ󷨵Ĳ֣ˣǳ࣬ٴζ
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˱󷨽еΪԼʧߴ·ߣеãƽɱȱϣɱɱˡ
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콫ʮĸ͵ʮö͵ʮûͨʱɱͨˣɵɱȴ˸оʮ·ÿһ˶亹
ˣһپɱϢʧǰһݺύĿֱĴֵһ㡣
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ǰҳôûˣǵһ׷棡
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ҾȻˣɴδһᵽ磡ľٶ˻δȻԼϲ֮С
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ӦٻȫֳΣŵƣһ쾪ף죬ƬʶҪһ㣬죬еܲˡ

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ԹҪıƣȥʥĹеıֺˣ˵ԷŹ㣡ƳһƯڽϵ꣬쵭ص
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ߣûʸңص
ãһҵ֪ȷ·ߣЩΣӦȴһϲ֪˼ʲô
ˣֻҪҵҾͷŹ㣡ʳԣ˵һˣһܴȥһõҪ֪вٵˣǿɶһЩʣζҪɣΪ䰲ģԪ˳ŵڳɣָ·
˵꣬ʶӿĻͶӰڽϡ
걻켸仰ջҲϱˣʼ֣·µһ㣬˴ʱı״̬ޱȵڴ
ǣûȫʧȥǣԼⱻ̽ȴ˼ƽϡ
ʲôʣôãΪһᱻūۣлģһ㣬ң갵˼һĵӦôȥǸطʱֵʱ
⣬ɨһͶӰָ죬˼ƻе·ߡ
ʲô֣һ·ٴλصϣ꣬ʵģһʼԷ㲼ֺ
ˣ̫ˣĹе֮ĥ壬ҵԼĥѡ˼ľڿݹг˯ȴԼĻԵһ˯ǧ꣬ܶ䶼ˣֻ֮󣬲Ųɵ֮ĹеĵεΣƺЩˣŬ
Ĳ֪Լ˭ɣʧߣ˭Լ֣Щɻʵ
֮ĥ࣬벻ˣһЩʵ飬ָҵǶμ䣡
յĹʱ龳
ţҼǵĿģǽԼΪȻȥ龳Ҹսʱľ磡ƺû˵ѣشúܸɴࡣ
˵Դô٣ôôߵľģ
ʵԭﲢֻһǿ꣬ǶЩյˣҰ֣߿ʼǣߵģβ㱻ȻǸطĥ꣬ǿ꣬ĥ겢ûЩ飬ֱ˵ΪԼǣѾչ̶ȣֶ̫죬㼿ѿ͸ˡ
ֻʣһˣ
˵ôûпˣҼĵһ
˵ʱʼһֹҲû̽Ĺ߽һ㶣˲Ȼʵ
ҳ˯ʱû̽Ĺ߽ǰ֮ĵһ϶ش
˼Ƭ̣֪𾪺𣿡
𾪺裿Щӡ벻ˣֻһϤĸоƺüͷ΢壬˼һȴûн
ôģҪ֪ǿǵõ˹ĹԿ֮Žģ֪Ĵ𰸱Ⱥνġ
ʲôǵõ˹ĹԿףô᣿Ī֮Ĺ˵ĺޱȣʧ
ҽ֮ͨǰһɱˣ쵭ص
ʲôɱ찡ôɱû㿪ĹҰһУصģüͷ
õĿռָ𣿡Ȼʵ
ҡҡͷѵĹҵĿҲҪѪ
⵹ǣҪһһĹ˵ĶƺĺУش
ʲô
˵һöӡ˼һ
ɷӡ˲䣬뵽öƽӡĹ˵ʥǿĹҵԿס
ţʲôɷӡЩɻ󣬵
һʥĹıĺУ쵭ص
ʲôǵɷӡȥĶˣЩУ
ˣ
ˣô£
֪Ϊһʥ˭֪Ȼ󸴻ˣȴȶͷ˼ʥ֮Ƶһ㣬зˣ˼һӦûĹУѾ׷ȥˣϧƬ򣡡
ǴǿĲȱгģɷӡȴǴǸɱͨ뿪ģڤ͹ҲǴͨ뿪ġ
ӦǲɣĲʥУܵĳٻˣʥƺһЩ
һ˿ɫżһľԽˡ˵Լ˺ܶ飬бڳ˲أɴ⡣
ǵôģ
ǲˣвˣʵ΢ߣƺе۾ڵߣһ˴Ĺһڣоǿ߿ٳģ֮Ԩϣƺ뵽ֲ飬¡
ڣΪβȥ쾪ȲѣĹʵ̫࣬ÿһܵθڣסʵ
ȥˣ̫ˣֱǵԸʥĹУȥһûУ̫ˣˣаһѪ֮ڸǲŶһ٣㲻֪ǿ£۶˲䱻ɱˣ
Щֿ־Զ޷ĥġ
Ȼ˵֮Ԩйشţֲֿĵط۱˲ɱҲϡ棬ȺܽҲϲԱˡ
ֵǣǸǱ˸سģɼǺεʵһǿʥˡ
ֻǣһʥˣܵ֮ͬ߳أʲôѵģ
ǣ룬Ĺһʥ˶ıȻʵĸֱֲ顣
Ĺоʲôʥ˶ˣ
Ҳ֪˵ǿ߲Ĺ֮ɱ˵ģ΢΢˼
ɱ˵ģɱ˭һ㶣æʵ
Ĺˣ
ʲô㲻ҽɣôɱĹ˵أˣʧʵ
˼һʵʥĹйµģ
ͣ٣꿴һ죬ŵĹĲˣǻˣ
ˣʲô˼첻⣬׷ʵ
Ĺ˽ĹʵΪ˱ܳõΪԼˣԹ֮𣡲Ȼ˭ὫԼĹôһ֮أ΢΢̾Ϣһϧ治֪ʲôˣԷȻҵη֮ԨĿֲұһڣĹɱ˱ӦþͲΪԼĹȥջǰԼˣ


679 
һ𾪲ѣ̾Ĺ˶ɱˣ治֪ǿʲôĸ֣ѲΪ񾳵Ĵܣ
֪ܽȫλصĸ֣Ҫܵõָ㣬ǴУǸöðҲǸ̾һ
ĬƬ̣˺ܳľ룬ָһ
ĹĽṹϤͻȻʵ
һ㶣˼ȽϤÿһ䶼פ
ٶȾеط˵ģǸʯɽߣ㲻Ϥġ
ȣʯɽһ֪طߣ֪ȥ󣬿ûϣܳ
طɭɭģʲô꽩ʬ֮İɣֹһƺ
ȴˣοôأطʺ棬ҪĻͽˣֻһЩдλ꣬ôȥˣѾɢˣ
Ȼ˵ʱѾЩĻˡԷĻǣͼ
ʱָһȽխĲ
ֱߣǧԶһڣһݾĹҺܽ·ûʲôΣյĵط
ȻĻѡ˵·ߣԷˣʲô
Ƭ֮ǰһǽڶǺʯǽש棬ȴһȻʯڣӣﱾͲʲôͨһ·
𾪵ǣұϣһ޴Ķ·Ǳȭͷģ֪ͨж
ʶ޷̽⣬ΪⶴżΪֲķֲ֣֮ɱ¾֮վ죬Ҳܵϵѹ
޶֮ߣȻγɵģȷʵǱǿһȭģ뵽˵λߡ
ѵֱͨĹң
ѾȥЩˡǰ޴ʯĪ˷
иܵһɷǳϤϢ
Եͣ޼᲻ݣƣ޿赲ɱ񣬸ҽڽ¡
һ޵еƣôȥˣҲδɢ
޴ȭӡԼһȭ
ӡУҲֻһλǣ
ɱȭ
ܵɱȭϢ
Ҳܵ˷̨ϾʵϢ
޴ȭӡӦһȭģ
ѵǸĹ˵ĳУǾʣ
԰
ʽСʱֻǵ۾ѵԽնɱһλʥˣʥ֮նɱ߼ģ
Ŀռɱ¾Ϣѵڵ۾ʱѾ˷֮
ͷһ𣬾Щ˼飬˼ȥ⣬Ҳ⡣
￴ʵӰӣ·֪һ㣬Ｄޱȡ
ȴû˷ܹͷ꽫һʲôģҪԷʲôıơ
⡭ôһôĶоǱȭģÿֲɱһ˹ݵĸо⵽˭µģ쾪һ
갵ϲɫȴǲ䣬Ҳ֪һֱʹڣҲλնɱĹ˵ĸµģ
Ƿ˼жǿʵ̾һСؿһۺͳݡ
ǻ񾳵ľˣһ䣬飬΢΢𣬽ŵһݾǧ֮ͷûΣգĹҺܽ
ǣƺпֲķ򲨶ҸоԼвˣ縺ɽһ㣬·еȭɱңһ˿£ɫصص
£ͨȻֲǿȫõģǾǿռ̺һ˿ȭ⣬ĹеκαضҪܹһ˭ĵ֣
ԣеһȭľսһͬһУûмҵĶ֣˷ܵصͷǰһɽ
ԽǰԽÿֲһȭ·Ҫݻһ㣬Ϭޱȡ
ǿֲҸоԼֱˣߵ˶ڣ켡ͷӣͷ󺹣ţص
֣ǿֲ̫ˣһ˶ܲˣֻ츳δǿߣſԼȥͨʵо޴굣ȴ
ģֻԵôʹӴ˷һģҧѵص
ԥһ˲̤ɽʱһֲ׵ķƬѹϣƤѣɫѪҺ˳
ʶУҲһɹɷƬγɵɫ󼤵÷ӿɨԪϣ˲䣬Ԫ䵭˼֡

һŤǰֲֿĥ
֣ǵƺԱַܿĳˢʹ䲻ý¶һ˿˷ܣ󺰵
ҧأǰһ˲䣬һɷϮԪְ˼֣ڽϣҡҡ׹
ǵ꣬ûٶܷϮһֻһûʹðķӡࡣ

ĺУֲķ֮ĥ꣬ԪԽԽˡ
ǵ꣬ȴƾŷƬȫˡ⡱ֵĽŽǵϽɫӰӣһ˿ͷ
ոȥ˲ƶǵҡҡ׹Ԫ˫붯һµӡԪ
꣡
˲䣬һɿֲ֮Ԫ
ҵˣ
ǵ˷ܵشһۿҪϽˡ
ʱų貵Ľ⣬ɣΧŲʵ֣֮Ԫ
ͬʱΧˣһƬ͸ĽɫĻɱ굲档
ţһ޴ɱ¾֮۶ɵĽӰӽϷɳ˲䴩͸˹Ļ֮̽С

ҽһɳȥڽ֮ϣðһЩޱȵؿŽôΪʲô
Ȼشֻһֻ޴ƣһϵġ⡱֣˲ӡϣ·𱻶סһ㣬޷ֻǾ
ģƽɫĹĻ˲ȥ;Ų֮ʧˣԪõضڽϣûһ˿İ۷״̬ҡҷɢ֮
֪ûģȻֵط͵ϮңԪ񵭵ؿƯڽϵһۣص
ôû£ΪʲôΪʲô㱻ĥòˣ꾪


680 ħ̥
ߣƭңͲҺ㣡ƲƲ죬ΪһЩ֮ǿߵȭⰡʧˣһӰ첻ҵʶҵʶжԿķ
ʲô˵ƺţȴҲԭʵ֮ⷨȷʵֲϵѺ۶ģֻ÷֮Ϯģɱ¾⾳۷壬Ҫָ߼ķϴԱ׸ߵĲΡ
ɣµȭУ̺˿˿ɱ¾򣬶İ󡣲Ҫ˽ɱ¾⾳ɱ¾壬Բ󣬻ҪĻԵ
ǣ벽ĲΣȴпܵġ
ߣ㣡һǱˣĵǣȽϺãȭλǰЩԨԴ
ʲôʶģôʶ꾪ޱȣȫȻĻ
ؿһۣŽϿһȭһӰһֻ޴ȭͷճֲý˷ӿɱ¾ϢӶ
˲䣬סˣһȭʶȴǷǳϤָоԸľ޴ȭϵϢƣͬһ似
㡭֪꿴ſлȭ⣬૵
Ȼѧĵһʽ似쵭ص
ʲôȭص
ɱȭ
ԭˣԭˣǾһȭһͨ갧ְ̾ɣ
˵꣬һ˿ӷðһЩ
һɫһ䣬صΪɾԼĲּ䣬Ҿ޷Ĺ𣿺ߣû㣬һõسʥĹ
˵ֱ꣬ʩչ⾳һ޴г˽Ͽգ˲佫ûҽûз
Ƭ֮üͷ꽫ԵļĨˣֻ޾ȴͻĻһա
ЩԪøʵˣǣԭĽɫԴһЩɫԪ񣬴ʱȴǸӽӽϽɫˣԵЩҡ
Ļĸ̫ˣЩûֻܴԪ֮УʶϿգԽԽ࣬ջʧңҡ
ֻǲϵͷ֮ξƬ̣ĳһ޷ѹЩ˵ٴħԸԭ
ԣʱЩ
Ӽѡ
ˣֻһһˣЩΣ֪ǺãֻܲԼѡ
³һֱ壬ϸؿΧұڣµȭ⡣
Ƭ֮ͨһȭһ˺ڰܡ
˲䣬ռеķƬ
ɫ䣬Ȼ˵ɱ¾壬ǣôֲɱ¾Ƭп˵壬ٵ塣
ǣѵãֻܾԼĻָ˿ԸԭֻԵȴ
ԣڵأͷųʶϵشڷƬУϸɱ¾֮
ʱһعȥˣ쾲һǼϵѾˣѪȾ壬һһ˺۲ϣ̼㸴ԭԭѿѭϡ
ģ£ܵķƬɢȥˣ۾³һ
һԼãεҡҡͷ̾һ
ջУϧ󣬾벽廹вࡣ
Ͼɱ¾Ƭ̫£ԹˣҪɱ¾֮ȴЩ̫ʵ
Ϸɱ¾֮ԺٻԵ
վȻоһɼΪԵֶ
ɫһ䣬ɲ֪ô¡
˲䣬ճһֻ޴ȭͷӰ̻ʶˣűʧӰֻһ˿ȭʶϿա
ɱȭӡǣɫ΢䣬ʱһϲܵȭĸӦһӡǳʶһӰӣ·ڸ죬һȭӦλ
ǿԽʱĴУ
Ѿɱȭǻ򲻹һЩط覴ãȻõӡǵĴ̣ԼĲ㣬ͦУϸظһȭ
֮˹һ˿ϲ΢΢һϢһȻתղ񹦣ȥ
ʿٳ·֪ͨ˺δҲֱͨĹҡ
첻˵Ļµֲ̫ˣƺܶ࣬Ҳĥʵô߳ȥأ
ƣǼһֻǾĥ꣬ӦһЩȭµѹɣ
ܳٶȲǺܿ죬Ϊܴ޷ʩչ١
ǧ֮ԶظоǰϢˣһĺ붴Уĳ˻
ɫ΢䣬ʶһȴֻ֮̽Զֲ̫֮ɱ¾⾳߲
϶ǰӦһ򣬺ХϢӵ֮С
Ȼ˵һĥİȫط
֪ǲں죬ôһطĻǺпܾǰߵǸ
Ȼֻǳ˼ѣȴΪʥĹУܲʲôȫĵط
һʥĹ˻ͨߡ°ӡʯɽ涴ɱŦͨѹأȫľǲʯɽƬӫҫĺˮУȴϢΡħԵĹ㡣
Ĺյأûо԰ȫĵط
ԣ϶زǰȫ
һּʣԷⶳһЩʵϵߵԪ͵ЩΪֲԷⶳһ˵־
ԣУЩΣˣʱⶳ꣬ʹɢȡʱ䣬Ѱ֮
֮һʣȽټǰ˫нԾˣҲˡ
˼壬ܾܿһ磬еĿֲɼһߣ
Ѿ׼ֻҪ˵¡
֮ˣ֮ƾС
ÿһֶڻǵס׺;֮ȫͷųһǧ֮磬ڻ
Х̹ǣ
ӿٶȣЩڴǰδ֪ΣգȻ޷⣬Ǿ¸ԡ
Ӻ߳µ󶴡
ʵھ붴ڰԶʱ򣬱Ѿо˾Ө͸΢ŵɫ硣
ȷʵһ磬ȻɣǿԴͨɵġ
ɵˣִ̹ǵĺ䣬֮°ӻҪֲĶࡣ
֮壬оһʡ


681 
·Ҫһ㣬ҲҪⶳ궼о·ҪɱѪҺˡ
ֲĺɫ΢䡣
Լʵ͵ƣǣǽֻһ֣ѪҺᣬȻǾеԪȻǵ걻ⶳΪһ߱
У˱ȽˣһԹĻ򺮱֮ߣһԹ֮ߡ
ǿ߿ԽԼߣԼֿʴ
첻뵽˱ĺ⾳Ѿ۷Բˣطһʱ䣬ԣԿ֮ĲΡ
ȷʵǸ˾ĵط
վڶڣǰ硣
Ӧúֻܴеһʶ޷̽⣬ΪֲĺԷⶳʶ
ӰɸߵĿҶ£еļɳеļʮɳеĽͷұں͵·һ֡
ʥĹĵطԶûкҹӨһƬ
Լᣬ컹ǿֲһ档
ֻԶУⶳһЩߣǷ·𻹻һ㣬ϵı黹ڣȴ㲡
Ƕⶳ͸Уÿһ˶ռһееǰеǹڵϣ̬졣
ɴ˿ɼⶳǣƺֻһ˲顣
˻
쵹һںȻ򵥵ľȴʾĿֲòԡ
˲ӣ̤磬ʱоԼûбⶳͷֻë״򿪣Χһɽ֮Уĵﲻ
ʱֻһָо䣬ĺ䣡
֪ô£ͷųɢֱӼףַˡ
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ʹ࣬ȴҪԼܡ
ͬĺ䣬ȱ˵ĴУܵʹȻ࣬һĵ
ģ컯Ϊͦڶ⡣еЩ˲ͬԶֻһ㱡֮⣬ȴһŵɫ֮֮
Ȼʹ࣬첢ĳʲô⡣
ǣʶͲһˣ֮뵽ʶУɫĺˮҲƽ˱ǵ֮ϵԪҲһ㵭ɫʶʼ仺ˣ˼άҲЩͣ͡
ǶҲһ
ʶУֻûб仯·һиӰ첻ǣ֣㲻Ӱ졣
ȻΣվʱˡ
𽥱⣬еĸ·һڣ˲кһ㣬£ڽ֮ϣһɫӰȻʵΪһԪ
һаԪеĸʣС
ײСѪᡢŭꡢų־塢ԱǳʹࡢӵȵȣԸȱ㣬ɶ޷ĸӰһγһ졣
죬ȫһа죬һħ̥
ԪʱͱͷųռʶпܳΪµףȫΪһ졣
ħ̥ȻȲԪǿ󣬵ǣȴſʾڵĻ
ħ̥죬ô᳹׳ħһһֲħɱ¾гɳ硣
ôĻѾԤʾŻнյΣգ֮ǰһǿ꣬Ϊ˼άӵ࣬为ӿֲΣա
Ԫ֮ѹƣ͸⣡
֪Σգȼգϵ֮ɢǣʱħ̥ȴǳ˹ƺҪԪ񣬳ԪĴڡ
ʶнˡ
ħ̥ʩչħٴأԪʩչǷھ
սһ֮󣬶Ϊһ壬ħͬ壬һδս
һϽɫӰ֮ϣŤţʱħ̥ʱֱԪʱ貣ʱ
֮󣬼ҵսջ˱仯ȻԪⶳսۣǣҪǿħ̥Է֮Լϻһӵġ⡱֣ħ̥ӡԪ֮Уʱ޷ֻܵԺӦĻԵħ̥
ԣⳡԼԼսԪսʤħ̥ٴƿ
ɻ֮ȥվʧ⣬ʱ򣬿ħ̥ķӡŽ⿪ữħ
ǣĻᣬ첢ԣԪѣҲıߣʹԼҪʧ⡣
ʱ֮תαȫܵĺɢ
ǣڳʱ֮ʱ죬һˣܻᱻס
ʶã˵ףɢĳϢ¶ȵƽ⣬һ֮ڵ֮
˲ӣٶǰȥ֣֮һ֮ڵĵطûһ¶˺ĵʯɢ˿˿֮
ǲһ˲㽫ڻ
ЩķⶳʬҲ˲䱻ڻЩʬһһѻңһЩУҲһ
ԣЩʬ壬ͱݻˣֻǶ˶ѣһڻʲôҲûˡ
Ȼǿֲ
̾һ첻ӿٶȣûӰ죬ʼæŸ·ˡ
ԽǰԽʢ±Ҫֲܶࡣ
֪ġƾǰ档
֮Ȼͣ˽Ųһȵؿǰľ
ֻһһΧȻȭͷСڷ衣
ǳһ壬ȴֻһĳͨ徧Өһ΢΢һɫ׷ǳͬеŮһ㡣
ǵֻ۾ޱȣͬɫʯһ
ǵӤһ㣬΢ཱུ֣ģǳĿɰ̲סҪһڡ
һ־飡
쿴ǰЩűȥڵľ飬·ɵһ㣬Ŀתûһ˿аֻϲ
飡
ȷʵǱ飬ֻڱѩŻУһûй飬ں֮У鵥ܴ
˵һЩڱ飬ԣЩϷı飬Ϊһ۱˳
ûйԵǣһص㣬ǱǿԻκ
ֻҪ˫ӿһۣκξߣٻܵһЩӰ죬΢΢ʧ
ⲢǱֲԣʶΪǲ֪ԼһۻɶӰ죬ʲôһͨͨĵУᱻƣⲢǵʶҪֻһص㣬ûкû֮֡


682 ޼
ȺССıȫϷĿ֮ˣûзߣվھʮ֮Զĵطؿǡ
⡭
عŲǵĿֻ֣뿿һЩЩʲôӡ
ǣһŲȴǴŵȺľ飬ǵĿȫ뿴졣
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ܵһ㾪ţ
쿴һУһܱˡ
ʱȴʧ״̬
ոձֻ鿴һۣʧˣ·һƬɫıѩ磬ʲôҲûУһƬɫޱ޼ʡ
ʱԪϵġ⡱ֽ˸֣ӡħ̥ҲǺ֣Ԫغϣ·Ҫһ㡣
Ԫȴ֪һ㣬Ѿ֪ʲô״̬л㱣·ûʶһ㡣
ʱݷڽϿյޣƺ쳣ƺһıʣֳӴΣŽ֮ϵԪһ
˲䣬羪ը죬һɰϯȥԪòɢ
̼䣬Ԫָʶѹħ̥˲䱻ѹˣص˲ǰ״̬

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쵭ؿһۣ΢΢ףŸղ޵дսʮˣλ˵ˣǸ
ЩȻûмʶʵȴ˵ȻΥ棬ЩϲңȻгǾͽɵѴɣĿʦϵһ裬Ϊɱͬ飬˭УӦã
һһ˿ɫ֮һЩ˿ġ
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683 չ
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Ϊ˺⾳˲֮壬ξһӰٴγɱ޼
վԶΧ۵ˣȴǾȲѡ
ԭ֮壡һʰֲʵôߣ츳ôã
ǰ֮壬ϣ֮˱Դ֮һδĳɾֻͣ
֮壬Լ֮Ӱ첻죬ϣ
ǹֲţһܶȻʧɫ

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һ𣬽ӰţճһϽɫ޼ĺ󱳣˲佫Ʒɡ

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ĻϢԵ쳣˲ۻֲ
ϢĪһ
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ʲôĻ
ѲǴ˵е𣿡

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ȻʵӦͬٵ֣
ϴ츳֮سһǿߣ
ɷҲֻδѵ촹𣿡

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ԼоֹҪǣȻһ˴༸ˣͬһˮ˵ͷϣ׽̰֮С
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̰Ի˵񣬴ͻ
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ţ˲ðһ亹
첢֪˰ʲôҲûȥ֪ɫԽԽˡ


684 Ĺ
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еװֲѰȵվڼϡ
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޵г裬ƺȽϰȵͨ˼ûпߵжôѣôա
Ϊһȥָо
ǱҪǿ٣
ɣɣܾˣ
ɣص֮컯
ɣСϣ㳬㲻𣡡

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˲䣬̤ϼһȺߣʱ˸£弸̱һľݣֹס˽ŲǰˣҲǸˣһֻѾȵ˼ľٶһ£׹뽧Уҵ֮һס

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һԿĵط컹һֱʮɵĴ̨һͼڣоŸԴ
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ʯ̨һͨ۾΢У˽Ųɱȥ
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685 ͷ
𾪵ģǵɢĴһЩƲʮɵĳȡ
﷢쳣ֲսߣʬ嶼û£Σһֻڣпǿޡ
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ϵǣ󷨲Ҫ˲䷺һ׹⣬̳ļ֣Ȼ׹һ˱ʧˡ
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686 ͨ
ţҲ編ƣ׷뿪˴
˲䣬ʮ˵Ⱥ壬ֻʣʮˣµʮˣȫʵǿġ
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ȻĻ֮ʮ˷ֱֳ֣Ǹ޺ͨ࣬ڿգʯǽϣԼϢ
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죬ǱģԶԸͷǸԴӦԵѹҪ˴ܶ࣬ոյһײֱӱ𵯷ʮɣǿûˡ

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ͷǲмɨһۣԴ΢΢һƫһ̣Ȼһţ˲ҧסսìһ˦˴߿գȻŴſ߿һˣ˲佫˵סײӲӵĽһϡ

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˲䣬˵ķŭȼˣ¸ҵս֮һɱǵŭ·ԽǷճɻҡ
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ʱ˶ˣһ̫Ϭֲ̫Ŷʮɷɾ룬ԽԪУ߳ԣ졢һʶ͹֮ǰɱ֮ϡ
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ͬʱ֣ԪйֻһŭӰˣ͹ˣǿͷ˰Զ쵱ѪˣϵĹͷײ˺ü
ļˣҲʮ֮ԶСһͷȴѪȾˣ˺ۡ
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һȴһֻҪʱĵԪͿԻָɿԻص۷״̬
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ڶҪһ˭Ҹȥǻˣ޵еͷɨ˼һţ
Һھ͸ȥҵĵǻָˣҵ˵ˣ˺Ȼӻ
ǲԶҲҪ֣ȻЩֻǼһﵱģ޵еòҪȫ뵽Ĺң


689 ֮
ߣûϢȻѾڵˣǱҪնɱ򣬵裬ѳ򣡡ײмؿһ޵У˵
һ᲻ıǲעʱ͵ϮǣǿɾͲˣкȻ
ţȷǸ⣡Ǵʱֿܷƣнͷ
ţͬ˺׵ͷ
Ҳ΢΢ͷͬнĽ顣
ᣬ˷ƵˣָԪ
쿴˿ͷʧͨüͷ壬ǵľͷǰ͵Ϯ־磬׼ʵǣҲ޷ϢؽӽǶ֪
ǣȴľͷʧ󣬻ǻصԼĳѨͬ飬ǽĸ޴ǹЩܵĻҲûˡ
ңĵľǣǵʲôȼģûлΣ
Ҫ֪ûлεǣֻʵǿҰޣǣκǣȴǱͬ߻ҪǿĴڡ
һĿǰĵ飡
סеĺ棬ѭǵϢȥһ̽һĹ޵жֲ
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ĬͷӦ˵ϣӣҩ
ʱָһ룬ҪΪ൤ҩȻָʱ

³һһۻڼָʵˣߵ˼˱Ƚصǰǵ
ˣҪָ۷壬Ҫʱ䣬»ӰԺһսһصߵ
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һ㶣漴׹첢սì֣ԭ˵֣ҲǸƴһֻ۵ߡ
ʱǵԺֳǵηӢƥӰʵǿģǴڵȴǳġ
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һ㶣ΪһһĳľӢӡ
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һţʮͷѾʮ֮ĳڣȷʵһеš
ǣȣֻһͨߣ
ڲͬģ˶һ룬սƴսìǵ۾

ס֣˶ס֣ƣȻڶ֮УԺߵҪȳϺܶ˻ҪԶΪĵȱηǿУηֻҪţֻҪһ͸ս
ˣ춼
֪𣿡סˣǣҲˡ
һźܶͬĶǣûãԴ񣬿Եõôнս
ǣȴ֮ϣ޵е죬֮ǰǸʱ򣬻ǹǻۣ˵ıȻʣȴظȾ죬һִǣûж˿
Ļ΢ЩǸ⣬ֻ֪Դ½ĶľͲ֪ˣ

һ㶣漴̾ûг˵ʶпܳΪѣҲ컹һս
Ȼ֪ԶôͱȽϺˡ
ߣձˮƽϵͣţ϶⣬ʶ˲٣ԺɾˣȥһһЩ飬ǸϢ
ϧˣȴˣ쿮̾һο˼һЩȻ˿صԭȴĵطָս
һʱսָ۷״̬ļλרĻָţҲȥţԭأ˼Ըͷǵİ취
һΣ֮ǰһһѶսĲҲĲ˭ܱ֤;᲻ֱʣһͷͷѾǽͷöˣһͷֻܶӡ
ʹʱˣ
΢΢̾һһ˿ɱ˲ʧĿžͷߵǸͨʶһսìУ˼۱һλãóһЩʯ˼öѶ
һֳĴѶֻҪһ飬˽м򵥵Ľ
ʱˮƽȫƳĴѶߣǣһĿͨȴġ
ʱˣһöѶķһЩʶȴӰս
˶˳״̬Ȼûлָ۷״̬ȴ߰˳ɵսɣʵԱûʲô⡣
Ȼҵ˶õòˣǱ㿪ʼжɣ쿴һˣ
жж޵һ˿ϷʣʵߣҲɻ󲻽ı顣
һۣĿмЩģԲȥ޵У޵ͨ죬ŭ֡
֣Ӧ뵽ʲô취˵ǻ̽һ£нȻһʵϣ쵥жȻ˿̶Է˽飬иõİ취Ҳ˵
Ųн˵ͷȻˣãȴͷٴεɱ
ʲôʲô飿˻ûʲô飬޵еϱ¶˲Ͳм֮ɫҲ취˭ûҲ˵취ɲУﲻֹһͷĹޣǲȥѪʳ𣿡
˵һ˿ϷʣɨһۣЦؿ죬˵ͨǼ򵥵һ϶ټĹĹôҵõ


690 
޵еĻһ˵꣬вҲҲһ죬Ǿ첻ⶼǲ
Ȼٴοˣܼ򵥣ǽͨ󣬱ּ·ѭžͷǵϢȥȻжžͷǵϢңĳҲ˵ԣϣҶԼϢѰĹ޵λãȷΣֵ;ԼϢ޲Ҫ鴫Ѷ˱㶼ȥ
˵ţóöѶˣֶλƲϾУ
ͣ٣һףöѶֱλ֣Ȼŵҷֳ·һ־ͷǻĹޣҪݾߣ֪ͨˣ
λüͷ΢޵У˼еĴѶһ˿ɫ⴫ѶȻ򵥣ԼƳģͲͬˣǲܣʵĲܡ
ССһöѶֻҪһöѣļöзӦ߳һöǼöˡ
޵еɱһţ뵽ʲôڵǷֲֹһͷޣô죿
԰֣˵İ취УҲýнɻ˵Ŀ˸ͬǡ
ŸС޵Сסн˺һʶңĴһöѣ˱ѭŴ˵ϢѰңɨһۣ
е򣬿⣬ʵҲйɵģǸ˵ʵߵеġ
˲ЩȻܲҲ˵ŵû
֣أ񣬵ǰȴˣʼնû˵ǣԣЩļ
쿴ЩˣǿԷֳɣǣ໥иӦ
⼸ףʵǺ⣬ǵʵֿ£̫ȫ༸ˣЭԷӦͻá
ҲҪһʶ˰һۣصȻ֪˼ЭԼһ棬ȻԼҲ˱ãĹ°мЩ˵Эʵ˲٣
ҲҪصϲ£ϲ˸ţҲϲ׸
ҲҪ޵üͷ΢壬˼һ
ĻȻ˲˵ע⣬˵һʶҪ⣬޵Уƺûп˵ùȥɡ
˲²ԭЩ⣬ȴһ䣬Ծ޵ƺʼʲôı
ȻϷʼˣҾһ棡Ƴһ޵УҲƣ༸ˣ˭
Σû˷ԣ׿ڵҪ
ƽְɣÿнһǰߣ
ãк׵ͷ
գÿ˴ߣ죬ǽԼ˷ָ˲нС
֣Ǻ⣬ˣһǧҪ³çн⣬ʵ
ҡҡͷ֪ҵǸңңң󣡡
ȻЩ񣬵˵ȴʵ
ֶΣЩֻΪ׸
Ӧû°ɣнȻ
һ㶣ɫ䣬ֻͷ
нɣ㲻ٶʣĪ⣡
ģаգͷ
׼֮춣кԼһһ˾ͷǵߵͨ
ڵͨУͷǵϢǳŨǼʱȥˣҲûɢ٣ϻһЩ޵Ѫƽ˼ɭȻ
ÿ˵עߵ˼㣬ڴǿиǱõ״̬ӭӼпֵܳΣա
һӹȥˣͷǲϢˣϵѪҲԽԽϡ٣ʱнɲŻῴһΣ˵Է˿ˣ˵ʲôϢ
ȻǽϢúܺãǣոյķ֣м˲
ģ
Ȼǵģ
һʶʵһ֮ɫޱȡ
޵ĻָȵģͷǵʵټһЩ˵һ塣
ֻǶݵĲ˱ں̬޵ĸоǷǳģ򵥵©пܳΪв
һӹȥˣһ˵ҰС
оͷǵϢǣⲢ˵ͷǾһϾĵ̣пܣежϢ
˭ȥ쿴˼
һۣƺԸ⣬⵹Ϊ£ΪǾЩ
ԽΣϵԽͣΪصţ˭չʾԼǿʾԼƣ
ǣȻ˲ͱ˽ȥȻпܴͷǵټ
ȥɣգпˣΪս͵ţ̹Ȼܣû˱ɽС
ţСģ켸˿һˣһ
˵ӰܿʧҰ֮Уȴһ˿ǣҲûͣ롣
ú޵нһ
Ƭ֮סнҲ̽˲֮С
ʱͨУֻйˡһʶˡģĬؿܣһʶȴʱʱ죬֪ڴʲô⡣
һʱ˹ɫ˭ȥ
˿һ죬ֿһһʶȥɣ
ʵʱǱȽͨÿһ֮жпܼΣգһʶʣǿ˵ʵѣϹҪԼ룬Ը¡
ϵЭһʶǶԷԸʱ¶ѡ
ս̫࣬˭ԡ
첢⣬ֻ΢΢ͷ
ؿһһʶһ˲˲ûӰ
Ҳˣһʶ뿪һһͨ
Цһһʶľٶܲ޷ǾǵֶԸԼˡ
СˣﰵһҲƽϣԼϢٶԼӿһ㣬ʶչɣѰžͷǵϢһʶ
֮쿴һһʶµϢ㲻ȥǣ˳Ŵ롣
ڣܹȴûнС
ĸоʶǷǳǿȻжϳͷǲûнУ뵽ͨ
ΪϵľͷǵϢطҪŨһЩһм΢Ѫζ
նɱͷǣȴ˿ԣûнһ˵
Ȼһ㣬ͷǼˣҲпתתȥ
Ϣ÷ǳãͬ͵ĸ֣ѷҹڤĸ·ڰΪһˡ
ľᵽߵ㣬ٶȲû£ȴֵĿռָǳ


691 ֲ
ݣ
һ΢ƿǳͻȻûһ˿Ԥףȴ΢̣һ˲뿪ԭλãƹȥȻֳָһ
ָ
࣬·֮ʱָûԪ֣ǣȴˡ

ֻһ΢ڰƺӰӻζȴɲ顣
΢任һһȭһȭ࣬ǸͰԵϽâ˰Ƭ
䡭
һӰɣҲǺ·֮
Ϣ֮ϢٴڰΪһ壬һָմһϵѪȡ
ǹôã΢˲佫ָϵѪٻؿһ·Ȼͷ
һ֮о˾ͷǵϢ֮ǰֲϢʵʵ
ǰ棡΢ͷų˳ɵĺڰ⾳Ϣطɱһڣʶչӽȥ
ֻǸܵԽԽŨϢûз־ͷǵӰ
һǰȥ֮ͣǽվ뵽˺ڰ֮С
ͷǹȻǰ棬֮ǰһͷʣԴֻ۾ľͷǡ
֮⣬Ѿû·һľͷһ࣬ȴһ
ͷ̾ͷǳ
ϣͷϵ˿ȫˣϢȶߵʱҪǿһ㣬ƺûһ˿
ſڵϳ˯ľͷǣɱһ˲
ͷƺһͣϱŵһֻ۾΢΢һۺڰƺûзʲôֱˣٴ
ĸо׼ʽ׵ޣɫ䣬ȴ𾪲ѣԼָ̬ղŵ©
ʮϢ֮쿿˾ͷǰ֮ڣͣϢı仯Ϣֿ֮˼ʮɡ
ֱͷʮɵʱͣ½Ųǽվ׼Ϯɱ
һϢ
Ϣ

ʮϢ֮󣬸֪ͷǵϢȶףͬһ㣬˲˾ͷǵһֻס
죬ʮɡ

׵Ϣֲ̫ˣһ֣㽫Ʊ鲼ɵķΧֲĻУ˲侪˾Լߵľͷǡ
𡭡
һɴĻͷһ޺վ׼㿪
ǣƵģٶ̫ˣͷǵ廹ûƶԴֻ΢΢ƫһ¶ѣ޷㿪ףŴ˴Դ
𡭡
һҽУֻͷǷ·ǣһԾаɸߣȴ˳ʮɲľ룬صڵϣûϢ޴ϣֻɫĻȼš
ʶһ˲ջףŷζľ޴ʬ壬ڳغһ
ͷˣ޴ʬϣֻͷ­׻Ϊҽ
һͷ­ȥһϢʱ䡣
̾һŵϵʬ壬ȴûǰ
ȻѾû컹ǷǳĽǵıԾǽƻһͷ׼ʵޣӲܴ⣬ȷȫȥɡ
˼۾һһöƳС
㱥һ٣ͺһֱӽ˳ȥʬ֮ϡ
ˡ
һɼΪֲӺ֮Ӷ·ۺڰգĺâųʬ֡
üͷ˺ʮɣУһ־ϢңԭԶǿƶη壬ȴϢƺЩ£ýġ
Ƭ֮󣬺âʧֻöڰգϢ֮׹ڵأҵǾ߸ɱʬϡ
ͷǲ֮ǰʮɳɸߵˣһƤǡ
ȫľѪɣ·ǲǧʬһ㣬׸ɿˡ
һӣ˲ջ˺ƣս֮УŻ˸ɿݵʬ塣
׼ʽ׵ޣǲһһˣƤƺüƤףԺùսˣеϲΣ˾û֮״ǵƤֳ˼飬͹һս˿ռָ
ЩźǣûпͷǵˡͷǵӦòڸǿ֮У׵Ŀֱֲӽճɻˡ
ȻССźҲȻˣ˳նɱͷǣοõһѲϣûбҪźˡ
ˣҪҪǣʰһ֮Ȼ˼ԥ
ʮѰҾͷǣնɱ֮ѾΣգĹ֮УԲֹһͷĹޣԣֻǽĵˣЩδ֪ǿޣڵǡ
Ȳɣȥط̽̽˵Σգһע⣬˲ԶǸϢٴ˹ȥ
֮ͨǰĶҪխһЩ֮˺ܾãȴûпͷǲɻѣͬʱ˿
Ӻͣ˽ŲϸԼղ߹·ߣ·ĳһصΪתһ㣬һת䣬תתȥһֱȦӡ
һ·ûΣգǣȴǳü塣
Ī󣿵Ҳ˿û󷨵ĺۼʲôطתأﵽ׻ʲôѲĹң۾һ漴ǰ·Σϣͬڣ֪еļѡ
ȿɣʲôµķ֣һܣֹͨôխ޶жѣƲĸޣ
ʵ쵱ǰĵĻǾͷǵĸޣĹооͷǵĸ޴ڣӶ׼ˣʡ
Ҳ˵һ䣬ûףϾǰĻ궼ֲĸ⣬Ҳһܹ
һ룬ǽ⿪еһССļ컺³һһͨȥ;Լӡǡ
ģƺʱ䣬ܸоǰԽԽˣ䣬ȴϵĺ䣬Ǿϵģ·Īڵһֹ
Īͨ
첻뵽Ͼĺ䣬Էⶳ꣬ѹҲ˵ùȥ
ֻǣ־òһǱ䣬һɭ䣬Ȼͬ
ģ췢ΧĻˣխȴ֮ǰ֮Ϊͨˡ
ܵĵطѾĺۼȫȻĶѨͨδ֪춼ʼԥˡ
Ǽһ·գΧѹֵʱͣ˽Ų


692 ֲϢ
ǰ治֪û·ֻһŨŨĺУʶ޷͸ңʶֻҪһӴЩоһֻ֣ץס꣬гȥ˺ѵʹɫҰһƬ
˵ز˾
ҺûбԻʶһ˿ʩչȫѸ˿
䡭
ıǰԶźѿȭͷСУ·һ㣬˻ţ졣
ɣɣܾˣ
ɣص֮컯
ɣСϣ㳬㲻𣡡

ͬһʱ䣬һĶУôϤȴ쾪һ亹
ңֹˣ
ͬڤĹһ㣬꣬һɹѹʹֱ
Ȼ֣Ͳˡ
ǿôţҲоԼСǰϵʸûС
ʵ֮ˣѣʱҪһ

һŭͬը죬ַ·һ㣬˸ӰţȵϽ籩ǼԼĺгȥ
ͬʱӰ仯ֻ֮ϵׯϷӰָӡ˫۷裬һ޴Ľɫ⻷ƾճ֣ڷӰǰֳ飬ÿһ·һͶӰӰɽд֮ת
己ɱ¾أУڰ⣬ɱ¾ֹ鵱һ磬ׯʥع⻪գȵȣڽܻ֮
ע⵽һ㣬Ȼᾪ̾Ƿֻܻء
֮Уɱ¾ֻصҵȵȸ棬·һĴһ㡣
ֲ

Σ֮ʱĽӰԶܻǿ
Ӷ˺ڰ˲ϮĺڰУƺ赲ˣн
ʱ죬ȴʵڲܣΪ֣ԼʶƺľˣҲʧ߰˳ɡ
ɣ㲻컯
ɣƹ磬޵죡

ȻǹĴڲδʹ˰֣ǵٴڶоʶһң죬񼴽룬ƺ޷ֵסֲ
Ϣ֮󣬷ֻܻص󽥽䵭ˣ˲ס졣
ʹ
оһַĿʹ·˾Ҫըһ㣬һڽѪƤʼˡ
ȻһڽѪ֮ɢںϣ˲䣬ǼźΪޣʧ
ǣк޾һ㣬ȱʧĵطٴα
оԼҪһ㡣
£
Ȼ£
ǣǷŭ

ѵŭһԼĵֿҲҪս
ʱֲĺиŭ𣬼ѹѹ꣬·Ҫѹ촷ۡ
𡭡
ʱ̾ʶе˱ŵ۾·ոմӳ˯ѾʶĹһ
һУȴǷŭǼϵľ档
һУ·ǿԴ˲ʶĺҽޣͬʱʶ˳ܵĺҳǰĺڰ
䡭
еĺˣ·޵һɵˣֻԶǺڰһƬƺһƺ࣬·Ǻڰһž޵Ĵһڻ³
һ֮ԲмɨһǺڰȻ㲻ǣ̾ʶĽĿ˯ȥӰ
ܵѹʧˣȴһ㣬ɫҰףݽߣԴһʹġ
ʶ֪Σˣǣ˵ȷʵΣ֮ٴˣת·ѵؿ񱼶ȥ
֮½Ųóһѵҩ¡
Ǽ֮⣬ϵＸ鲼մ˽ӲӵѪЩѪȴǻա
ѵƤָ԰׵ɫҲѾȥٴһ˿˿֮ǰġ
ʱѾͨΧǽڶǵ̳ǽש״
֪ʱԶǿֲĴڣ˰ȫ
ʶҡҷɢ˿˿޸ʶˣľ״̬Ҳ𽥻ָ
ûм·ΪʱʵδָȥΣգֻǵ
ڵϣش߶ָĵҩҩɢ죬Ժ˼ڴԪҺ
Ȼǲһ㣬ǺеƵĵҩûȣʱָ˰˳ɣʶҲָá
һ·ųڱȥ
ʣĶнлָ
֮ͨٴλصնɱͷǵĵط
ȻʱִѶ˶
šף׷ĹޣѶʾ׵Ϣɫˡ
ϣȻĹлĹޣֻǲ֪ʵΣţ϶һΣյս
нôã֪ǧֻһǽ֮Σңֻԭ·أ׽Ĳ
ڣΪ˱ⱻ޷֣ǵнٶȲ죬ԣչ˼٣·񱼡
һʱϵ׽Ĳٶδ֣һ롣
һΣȫ׷ϣһʱѭµϢڿ׺ߵߡ
ֹˣС޵Сн˺һʶ
ʱʮ˶ˣ
Զԣһ
쵽һɲǣ޵еͷ۾΢УȭͷԽ߬һ£ƺЩš
һƺһÿȴǽϢ÷ǳãɫÿ
첢ûȥ޵УĿ׵ϣʶע⵽صɫ
죬ڵˣнƺпʯһ㡣
ôˣ쿴˵ɫ֪вõ鷢ˡ
нɫޱأһף촫׸˵ɣ
ʱٴɨһˣÿеأмɵüͷ΢壬ף㷢ʲôĹޣ
׿һˣȻĿ䵽ϣͷţ֮ǰһֻͷǣ
֪ͷ
֪ô֪Ļһ㶣ңҲסˣ֮ĴǴһˣǽȺ嶼Խġ
Ϊֻʣͷ­ľͷǱҸɱˣ쵭ص


693 ֲʬ
ʲôɱôܣ˴󾪣ʧкܶƺ̫š
֣ɱнһ𾪣ʵ
ͷɫ֮˾˵ʵûһԡ
ôɱģһʶɫٱ䣬ֻͷжǿʵǿһ㣬Ҫնɱֻͷǣȴûпܣǰ͹˼Ӹ죬֣ҪնɱͷǣҲǺѵġ
ԣΪҪôҪôһֱʵ
ǰһֵûʲôֻһѣǺһ֣ôɾͲһˡ
ǿ󣬱ǵв
ֹһʶ룬˺޵еҲġ
ڴţһʶ⣬ܹһ𰸡
˷һö߼Ļ첢õ˽Լĵƣ
߼˲䣬˻³һоȻ֮⣬һЩ˽ŵʱ
ѹ֣һö߼ĵѶ˷ѣѵã
ϧ߼׼ޣǿʵȫһǱ
ûа취Ǿͷֲ̫ˣܱסͺˣȻٺõıûǲŽпϧ
ϵı治٣ֻУĽˣ

Ҳ߳õһһԹзһ֣еȼ֣֮ԹǿƣҲ;
߼ֻһͳ˵ǻĵȼ߾֮еǰк֮һ㡣
ܹһֻ׼޵ĻȻǸ߼ˣԳϵ˵Ǳ
ףԹţ߼֮ɫҲƺ΢΢һ䣬ָֻܿԭȵء
ʹûɱͷǣ˳£ûʲôɻɵģΪǳȥһУֵҵ飬ǰͲ龭
ھͷϵĲϣѾûȥˡ
ݵ֮ٴλص֮ǰ״̬ȻͷĹޣĸޣޣǵɫԷǿ
ֲܿ׵ͷ˵ʵҸûпʲôޣֻǸоϢǳĿֲ֮ǰֻͷǿǧ򱶣
һһһͷͷѾĥǹǺˣǿǧ򱶣Щ˲ȥܾ
˵ûпֻǸоϢˣüͷ΢壬ʵ
׵ͷԽԽǳǹϢѹ£ǰ˰ɣԽԽľֻˣܸоǰ漴㲻һͷһޣҲһֻʺڵĴڣǿԵֿģ
ɫޱȣһۣȻˣӦ뿪ǣΪλǲ𣿡
Ļʹɫֱ䣬˽ţ˾塣
ɨһۣȻçײسɱȥˣĴڣǿǵģ
˵ͣ٣ŵǣǿҲ²⣬ӦͨĹҵıؾ֮·ĹҾ
ĹʵȥǿڣǰǸһȥﻹ𣿡쿴˼һۣص
ѴǶߣ˷ĹΪ˵ĹңΣգۿôУĿ»裡ԣ֪ΣգҲҪȥ̽һ£׵ɫˣƺĻ̫⣬мֱġ
첻˵ʵ˵뷨һȻˣȥмӰ֤Ļֻ̽һ˶ѡ
Ǻп߰˼Ǿżޣǰ·Σհ쿮̾һ۾ͨ
ţпǼޣȴһֵֺĸо˵ܹ֣üͷ΢壬ֹ
죬Է̫ǿԽħ״̬һʶȻڡ
ʱϵ
쵭ؿһһʶΪħ֮ǰЩͽ㲻ħ֮Ҳɱ𣿡
һһʶһ˿֮ɫ˲ֱ⣬졣
ϵЩ䣬ʱнˣ紫һĹӦһ·ģȻνȥ
˾߼Ȼ˴ĹȻģǿĹҲܰ·ġ
ԣҾӦôһ󣡡޵п˼һۣ
޳ȥһʹôͷ뿪С磡Ĭ˰Ĺ˿ڵ
˲䣬۾һ˵ĻɸһֶͱϣʮУһϴдͷΣˣ뿪С硣
ʱܶ˽Ŀ죬뿴ϾʵǶģڣһ
ǾȥɣҪעԼûй˼ͷ
ãǾͳɣ۾΢ɫ࣬һ䣬Ȼתȥ
߰ɣнһۣȻȥĿ뿪гȥĴ󣡡
ȻнĻ˵꣬ԥһ£˵ǰ̫ΣգǾͲȥˣλٻᣡ
˵꣬һ֣ת뿪ˡһˣǸһˣˣнһġ
С޵һ䣬ת׶ȥ
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ʮˣǰһɣҼߣԼϢķǳãнںڰС
ʱ֮ͣ˽ŲΪѾܵ˵ǹϢ
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о·һ˾ƿһǿǰ棬ɢüͷ
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Ȼǿֲһֻ˼ޣнɫȻ
ƾ°ɣƣ£һʶʱҲɫȻóһѽǹϣжۿںơ
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óԼǹҲһʥȴȲһʶǰѽ
óԼĹԪꪣʥȻƷ׵ͣȴѾʼˡ
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ˣǼԼףȻһױǣȴŲʥ
޵Уת˼£ƺ˼ʲô֮óԼ齣
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694 ʬ籦
ÿһ˶˵ϢȻǹɿֲϢѹ˲٣˲һǰȥ
ӺԽԽǹϢѹԽԽ󣬲ȷʵüͷܸоϢԴܹŹ֡
Ȼ޵Ϣȴûһɻѡ
ѵǱ֮ޣ
ӵи߽ױļ˻һЩЩûбߣɫҰף亹ʪ·ά裬ȴûҧݣȫѹ
нǧɣڿһͨת۵㣬ƺǰĻÿˡ
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Ҫȿ촫ǰףȻʾһˡ
˶ǽϣ׶˵ͷƳ˼̽Դ˿ͨ
ֻһۣסˣ漴̻صԭλɫأֲܴܿ󣡡
ţһ㶣üͷ΢壬
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ĸôãƣǿֲ֪ʲôȼģ׿ǰľ޴̾ѡ
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˳ĬԶ𾪵Ըӡ
⾹Ȼһ׼ʥ޵ʬ壬ѹֿɢôֲƣ⼸и߽ױŲ٣Ǽǰ߼»ᱻֲƸѹ
˵ͷһֻ׼ʥ޵Ļôģ˭ɱнһأЩǡ
һԶĬǵжнһʣ˭ɱһֻ׼ʥ޵ģ
ʥ˻߸ǿߣȻ˭ɱ
˿ڣѾȥ˲֪ˣһֻ׼ʥޣн۳һ˿ʥʬ嶼Ѹ˰ɣ˿ټʬеĳһ˿ȣֲѹ֮£ʬƫ֡
ѵĹ֮ǰǿ߹ٹкȻĻ滹ʲô¶Ѿùˣ
ҲȻ˵ֱ˲֣ϾһʥˣòЩβߵıģǵĸ߰ҲмЩһʶüͷ΢壬˼һ
ǿֲͷϳһһ˺۶û£ɼʵжǿнϸز鿴һ޴ʬɫȻ
һٴγĬ
ֻһ˿ڣնɱֲ׼ʥޣֻ˵Էһɱ
ɴ˿ɼһʥ


695 
һбնɱ׼ʥľͷǣʵ԰ˡ
ݵĳĬ֮۷׷ף죬ȴһֱǸ޴˿ڣ𾪲ѡ
Ϥ
ȷʵϤ
ֲɱ¾֮˿ɢǹ׼ʥ޵ƣ·ʶ֮УγһģӰ
һ棬һֲֻһ꣬죬·Ҫʳһ㡣
ֻ꣬Ƕ޵ͷ­ץһӰ޵ĺԣץһźӲӴŽˡ
˲䣬ֻޱ֣
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ֻһץնɱһֻ׼ʥޣʵò쾪̾
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ȷʵɱȭһϢ
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ӰȻǾˣ
ڸ߼滹ŵʱʱĹҲͷǱʱնɱġ
޵֮ˣò̾һѾ֪ǾΪȴû˵
ⳡϵߣ֪ʵĴҲ֮ǰһǵ񻰹ԣ˵벻˵νɻɣ
쿴ټʬ޵ɣⶼǱʬߣ֪˸뷨һ˭ߣ
ǣʬģֻһˣˣȿ˵ɡ
ˣƻΪʸ֮ģ˹ĹԻ׷ɱĶ
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Ǳﰡ޵пټʬĹ̰չ¶ţôһʬ壬ǱѪ⣬֪Ѫⵤ裬Ƥ֪ƶټף޹ǣƿƳһеʹõˣǸϣ˵Ƴһʥ
ܴ˶Уÿ˶֪޵дԵͼ޷ǾԻһЩ˿ʬѹ
Ҳͬ޵˵ĻȷʵӴʬһɽΪͷǰѴ׼ʥĲΣѪ̺֮һ˿ʥʴˣôõʱѪ⻹Ȼãδиɿݵļ󣬵ȻѪѾˡ
ɽ׼ʥ޾Ѫ⾫ҩ԰ͽ߽ҲΪԸߵʵ
޵Ѫ⣬Ȼü󣬺ܿӰߵԣɱһЩʵߡ
Ƥ޹ǣȻö˵Ϻòϣ׼ʥ޵Ƥ͹пƳ׼ƷҲΪʥĸϡ
ԣڳ֮ˣ˭ҪʬΪУϧûʵߣһɼζ
Ƥ޹ҵںѾʥˣͷǵһ⣬ȴҩƿԹӦ֮һʶû˵е̰޷Σĵϧʵֲ̫ˣҶ޷Ҳ޷ôʬռָ
༸֮ʱﵹǶһЩοòߣҲ޷ߣ죬ȻֶĶ࣬ҲԴʬ
ⶫãϧңԵˣǿ󣡡нǰʬ̾һвΡ
Դʬǿ߰Ƴһ׼ʥʬȻս׼ʥҲʺڻߴ۳ڵսϧֻԵһֱĬĹ˿ˣشÿһ˵ĶУһ
˵ԽʬƳһʬʺڻǴ۳ڵսǶԺܶ˵Ƕһõʬķ
ַҲֻʬڲУ޷ġ
ǺãϧûһܴǲҪˣʵ㹻Ļ˵أɣҲһΣɨһˣǻô뿪˵ذɣ
ԣ뿪˵أֱĥԼ
Ҫʱ˷ȻĹеıҪ˽ȵˣ
ӦòᣡˣһɣҿҲǺòȥ

һսĿƵʬʯţʬɣÿһ˶㡣
ҪĹʬȻֻǶ˲ǧɵľ룬ǣЩʵ˵һĥġ
һʶ뿪ԭأһȦӣʯţټʬ޷ߣлһЩʡ
׽ǼʵҲˣһȦӣܿʬѹ
ģ˶ƿˣһ뿪ӰﰵϲƺѾ⡣
Ƭ֮ʮվʯǰ
ʯŸ֮ߣ֮󣬵СɽһľͷȣȴԵ÷ǳСĴûһԹͷǳͨ첻룬׼ʥôģ
ţһһҶԳƣϿйĸ񣬻ƣ˲²⣬һţпܱ͵һط
ܶ˶뵽ǸطĹҡ
ȻͲнȴΪڶ˿ź棬пĹңпչأпǵ
֮ţѶϣ
ߵʯУһϵġ֣ţȻʯ֮Уǲ·һû֪ұߵʯУһ֣ţǷͨ˿֪
ңϵʮˣ죬ûһܹʶϵĴʲô˼ʲô
źܲһ㰡ƸĴţн̾һǧһֱǴڿͨ״̬ɼصһһԴȪӦĹά״̬ǲװ
˭ʶϵְûдʲôĹ֮ģ
ǰţҪѡ񰡣Ѱ֪źʲôط
ϣҪ͵վ֮У治װ

һʶ˿ϵ֣üͷ壬̾һεҡҡͷϹʱڵ֣ʱˣûмʶģ
ô죿ʶ֣ôѡһŲɫأ̾
ҲܽûһļգԶϾٺãҲҪȥãȻ׹ٲɾ͵òʧˡ
ҲȴţϸظӦеϢԴеóʲôϢȴû˸Ҵʯš
˭Ըʱ򱻴ߣ
н죬֣㿴ʲô𣿡
ͷʶ֣
˲䣬ͣ˶뿴죬˸ˣ˷ŭ˻Աӵ۹⿴죬ȻǲĻΪڴţ٩ǣŪǲʶ֡
ĵѣʶ֣һ߾ϲʵ
ͷȻ޵ȴˣ죬Ȼʶ֣ô˵ǰװżһ


696 
飬Һθɣһ޵Уص
㡭޵жʱϢŵƭҵվĺã
һЦˣҸ˻ҵϣȥ
㡭޵дŭָ쿴ˣҿϲ⣬Щıɱҵȣ
˶֪޵޷ǾԼʵ죬֣Ȼĸǿĵˣսǿɲһһģվͬһսߡ
ȼЩ߰УЩݣˣҲʱ췢ִ
죬֪ʲôָָ֣ȴϵĹ֣ʵ
첻мؿһ޵УȻĿߵʯţǡ֣ұǡ֣

һԶ֣ɫֱ䡣
֣ȷǡ֣нɫҲԵأ
ͷţţұţ
⻰鶼Ȼ֮ǰϵգʱ֪ǻЩ־塣
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Ϣ֮ǵ֪·ѡ
һˣ֪ţǱѡˣкһڴˣӦ·һ
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⻰ЧһԶͷһһĻǺ׿ɱڶš
ǣҲ죬кͲнҲһЩȽ˽Ϊ˵ߡ
ǲɱѵģ
һ֮ѡȨ㣬Լǿ㣡첻мؿһ޵Уص
һʶ˳ְŰɵ̬ȣǾҲȷϾԼϣ飬Ȳѣû˻
Ļڣվ˳Ȼǲн
ҲţҲվ˳
Ǽüͷ壬վ˳Ҳ죡
޵еɫʱ÷ǳѿѾԤϵˣ֮Ǿϻģһˣһ˿ɱ⡣
죡ʱûҪô飡Ҳվ˳˸о⣬޵УȴǼޱȣ׵ʮ˴˼顣
ʱʣҲսһߡ
ϣ˵ģ˵һ䣬Ҳѡ졣
һʶȻûб̬ȴص˵ͷ˼ԣٻ졣
޵Σ˵ǲţҲ޲ˣֻܳĬ
˼֮󣬳޵֮⣬˻ѡ˵

ȻѾ֪ڣǾͽɣ׿һţûж˼ǿ졣
޵˲һ㶣һ˿壬԰Ȼǰ֤һԼ˵𣿽Уǿ
ʱ򣬼˵Ŀⶼ죬ζԶ
쵭ؿһۣȻѷ֣δ֪˭ͽȥ޹أ
ʲô˼ǲҽ˰ɣҾ֪ڿɱҵȣ޵ЦһһıóѵʤС
ҲѡݵĳĬ֮Уɫôÿмɱڿ
֮׿ˣЩŭ⣬죬ʲô˼㣬Ҳô
ٴɨһֻۣ˵ѷ֣ȴû˵֪
ʲô˼˵һЩһ˿ڵ
дһŻҪ֪ãǣǰ֮У쿴ʯţ֮·һ֮У·
һ˳Ĭ˵еҲ飬Ⲣʲôϡе顣
˵
˵·֮ˣɻ
˲޵ЦȴǵȻ·ҾͲ֪ˣȫƾԼˣѡ··Ҳãѣ
ĻŭһЩˣҲסһЩˣȷʵѡѾûˣֻƾ
Լѡ޹أɨһ޵еˣȻĿƵ֮ϣ˵
޵ɱӿڣȴҲ¶ս죬ֻܽɱѹС
ʱˣ˼֮УѡԼ·
н˼һ죬֣ѡһţ
ţնȻߵ֮
нһֻ̾صͷ˵УҲͷ˼Ļ
ȫƾԼںҵսµµΪ˥һҪ⣬ѵľ
̺ߵ壬ض
ѡ񣬲ѡһǣѡһ·һʬɽѪ赲·һ׹̳ɵļ֮·Ҳһ֮·
ĻȻǴÿһ˶УһЩ˸̾ҲһЩ˾衣
ȻҲһЩȷԼѡ
ϣ̶̵ʱڣʮ˶ѾԼľ
ףͷһ죬̾һԸĻģ
˵ֱ֮ӿһ˲ߵ֮ǰ̧شһʯš
ˡ
˲䣬ʯһ׹ⷺʯϵ˲ĹװಡһʧӰʯٴι
ˣ
ͷһݣ֪׽֮С
ʱ˱ûǰǿΧȻĿֻϡ

ȻϢ֮󣬹վ˳ߵǰͣ٣ȻĿһݣֱ̧㴥ʯ֮ϣ֮ͬǰһ׹һҲ֮ڡ
һУƺһЩ
нߵ֮ǰͷһۣŶ˵ͷȻһʯţС
ʱһʵҲǰǰļһҲѡţС
һѡŰɣŲ·һʵߵ͵һ䣬ƺЩ˼ߵ֮ǰһҲһİ׹С
һһԥ֮Ҳ˾ҧҧߵǰһС
ʱһʶ˿ţüͷ΢Ϊ˲ߵǰһС


697 Ѫⵤ
ʱ޵ƺЩˣ˿죬ɫÿûѣɱ
ҲҧҧͷҲתһ絽ǰԺԥһ£С
ţʣʵҲߵǰһ̤С
֣Ҳ߰ɣпһ죬Ȼߵǰ
ߣҪЩе˵ͷȻָָǾ޴ʬ
һ㶣һ˿ɫҲصͷ֮С
ˡ
ռһгһΪĿռУ֮ǰ߹ͨһʯɣʮ֮ʮ֮ߣһٶʮ֮ͨľͷоŸСţһͨСиǾֲͬͼڣĹԿϵͼһ
ͨ࣬ȴǸʮѻ棬ͨеĺڰͨеһнΪسǰ
ǣͨУȴмΪֲɱȥ·棬ɻʯɣһֱͨͷǰʮɴԼа֮
ǿֲɱȫЩɫʯͷɢģʯϣм߿ݹǣ֪ȥ˶ˣȫˡ
ڤɷʯ
һʯɫ䣬ͷ𾪲ѡ
ɳĻʯȫڤɷʯɡڤɷʯ˵ǲԾڤصһʯϣлоڤͿֲɱ֮鴥֮ױɱ顣
ôڤɷʯɰɳĵ·Ȼһֲ֮·ʵϣֻǽϡ
֮УȻһ˳վ
·ȻУʵ㹻߹ɱ·ͷ·Ÿš
ֲ
е֣
ڻʯǰҲеǰվӰȻǸոսļˡ
ţ㣡أ޵пУüͷ΢壬ȻעеĺգǸոҲǴġ
вû޵УȻԷսǿ֣Ҳ޾壬޵еƷУԣϲ˴򽻵ֱĹ޵Уߵ˲нԡ
޵дŭҲ÷ֻǿһգ֡
ȻιȥˣҲûпӰ
ʱ˶ŭˣܶΪǱƭˣȻҲ˲ôΪΪʱǰһУǿԷֱ
ǣûΪǽ֮С
ɣڵãǼһƭ˰ɣǼһһǽ֮ˣ޵йЦҲһ׼ˣ֮У·ģ֮У·һˣϣ棡
˳Ĭ˼ȴǲмؿһ޵УˣԸҪˣˣŻ
ˣһ㶣üͷɻѣ޵ȴһߣ˵ˣ˭ţƭȥɣһ·ҿúõģôҲӣ
ؿһ޵Уնɱͷ̣Ȼˣʲôƭģ
һҲԷ顣
ߣնɱͷ̣ˣø߼ôˣ޵һ
˭˵ˣսնɱͷ֮ǰ˵֣󱻶ԷˣԸ߼ɱѵ𣿡鵭Ȼȴǰ죬ҿͷһôԲѰˣҪ˸ʶˣ
һ˵꣬˱㲻ˣеĻû۵ıҪο콫ƭˣҲûν·Լѡģ˺θɣ
޵Ҳ˵ȻеĻҲ޷ؿһУȻת˰ɳڤɷʯ
ڤɷʯһ·аŰɳĻɫн̾һɫΪء
·ҲȫˣһʶؿŻɫʯɫȻõĻԱܹɱ֮ȫֿ߳ȥģ
һӣ׳Уʶһأ׷ɳճڻɫʯϿգ㿴ɫдڤɷʯзɳײϣ׵ҡΣ䣬һֱڿţԣܿɻص˹С
˵ɫһֱǲ԰׵ģʲô飬ղʶףȻǱɱ֮ɱˡ
ֻʵӲƴˣ޷Ͷȡɣ̾һ㽫׿˼ϣ׼̤С
һ𣬼ٱʥ٣һãнü壬֣صص
ţеֿһǰһʶҲͬн˵ͷ
༸ˣͬ˲нĻȻȴҲ׼˼ơ
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ͬղн˵γһ˷󣬹ˡнһʶͷסк޵жβ߾УƽΣգս
Ƭ֮׼ϣԶɫȻȫԸ̤˻ɫʯ
ÿһˣǽ߾ȫȻǺпɥڴˣ

뿪תǰ޴ʬ¶˵Цݡ
еѪ⾫϶һ˰ɣɱʯ͵ҩЧҪãֹ䣬üͷ˰ɣһһ׼ʥ޵Ѫ⣬̫ˣӰҵҪǳħˣǿɾѰˣưɣ
ϸ˼һ֮֮ǰ뷨ֳԣȻ٣ΣҲԲ
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ҶȻᳬԽ㣡ֲĴ󶴣ɫȻȻȳһ䣬ȻŲһţڵϣͷǵȥ
ÿһɳзƣ޴ϣЩ˭ˣΪס׼ʥޡ
֪޷סͷǣǣϵ󷨣ȴȫס׼ʥޡ
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698 ˵Ĳ
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ģۣնѣ֮콫ߡ
һʱ̫֮ȫ˿ռָ֮С
ںˣֵˣǰ޴ʬ˺ʮɣһƬȻ
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ҲЩʴԲ߷ãһ֮һǼС硣

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ҲЩΣĵ裬ȻԼˣǣʱȴܷá
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һɫȻؿǰʯţȻо˽УҲЩģҲֻĲ²ۣ·ĻҲû취
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ѪѾˣӷڿ֮УڤɷʯУʯϵѪδɺԡ
ͨͷŵСʱǰȻмǱӰڵϣãѪգ˺ۡ
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ڤɷ߲Ȼʬ壬ͷȻܲ³޵оԲУӦеλ
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ڤɷʯʲôȻ֪Ȼ֮ǰûм鼮пϢ֪жôֲ
ڤɷʯ̵أǴֱʣ̾߼治һʥߣ̫׼ʥĹ˶ڤɷʯ·ʥ˲õġ
ĵԶļѾӦˣǲûпһۣԶȫͶ뵽֮С
нҲ˵һ˵ڤɷĿֲջûж
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Ÿƾ֣˲ҵοһˣǲȥ룬ֻĬĬع
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Σ·Ҫȥģܲˣ
ϣԵֿһɣҹڤ̾һû˲̤ڤɷϡ
ݣ
ݡ
˲䣬޾ɱӻʯɢѸٽ絶һ㣬ڴκλá
ˣѥˣˣΨҹڤãסɱ
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ʱ췽ᵽڤɷʯĿֲ
ʹһͨʯǣסˣֻһ߹ȥ벻ļѡ


699 벽ɱ¾
ʶѣóǹϮĿ赲ɱ
Ȼ޾ɱ֮Ȼǹǹˡ
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󾪣˲бôϲѡ
ǹǹֲ̺ɱ¾֮ǿ޾ɱ֮·ǳϣա
ģһ֮ڵɱ֮ϡˣвҲ˺ܶ࣬һɫɱ֮۳һɹɵȿֺسǹǹ⡣
סˣ֮⣬ǾϲЩɱ֮ǹǿǴջ
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챾ǹıӻֻɱ֮
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ңڱǧɱ֮ϮʱѾ۷Բɱ¾⾳ƺɶ·ҪŲǰһ㡣
˲䣬֪ɱ֮ɱ¾֮о޴İڵأϸظţģԭʶҲͷųɱ¾֮
ģ˱ˣӲˣһȴܣҲ̫ûˣ֮ϵ׿ڤɷϵ죬𾪵ͬʱ̲ס˳
ңڿеǹʱﾪﲻѣͬʱǹĸ֣Ȼǹĸ顣
ðԵǹǿɱֱǹűеϢ׸̾ǹ۾ſĽĹâ
Ȼ˿ҪĹˣҲһʯͷǹʱǷ·بŲϣ˱仯
ȷʵ˵Ǳ֮ħڤɷȴĥºܣǲࡣ
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ûж࿴һۣһöҩһۣһʯţԥ˽ȥûӰ
ţһҲˣǱ̼ˣΣ˴ͬһʱ˱׷ŭصХ˼䣬ҲվһھĲнУҲһۻָߣؿһԶ죬תһʯŴȥ
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ˣڤɷʯ֮УǳſֲѹעǳУһоΣգ㿪
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Ҫʱָܻʱսɣ죬һ㶣漴Щ𾪣𾪵춶ӵľ״̬ǣù˵ҩǼֱ鵤ҩʱҪĵҩ
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֪ģ漴˫زؿ졣
Լãٳȥöҩ㹻֮ãɫȻҪñ֪
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ھŵʯǰãӦһʶϢӦ޵еϢҲӦ׺͹˵ϢвнУǷֱĵͬʯţʣµʯţо̤еϢ
ȴûżУɸӦһ
գͣұߵһʯǰ۾ϸźʯϴϢ·һʱеĹżһ㣬¼ǧʷ
·ӦʵϢƺǴڵģֵֺһĪĸо·Լѡ


700 
ˣ۾ǰʯţһһ˲ûӰ
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ռһ΢ӰһɵĴУżԿһǽڣһЩʯʯ֮ģǽϵźܶͼ϶ȵŮȣܻᱻЩͼԻݻþ֮С
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⵹ãԿΧ
һֵĵطӦòĹңӦгڰɣϸһΧĻüͷ壬֮УѰҪĶ
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š
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סˣǼ̳ȥǹͣ˰գϢ֮ɫ䣬ջǹȻĴ󣡡
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ʱܿ϶ǲҩɢģ֪ĴеĹؼĻ㡣
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ŮϮ֮£ҲпܻģοĻļˡ
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ʱɫҲͨȫѪҺڣֳ˿˿ɫĳطޱȡ
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һᵽʱ򣬱תƳ⣬㲻ܻӰ졣
ȻŮ֮ŭģ˻еӣټϺĹϽͣ˴Ļֶͨ죬Ҳȥ⻨
Ҫ֪Щֱƻľ綾һֻЩʱ򣬸һѪʣٶ֮ų⡣
ԣҲǰٶ֮е֮һ
Ȼʱ飬ʼδ졣


701 Ⱥۻ
𾪵ͬʱҲǣϾİԣġ
һ뵽֮ǰһУ˲Щǣֻ޾Ŀʹ
ˮ尡ˮ壡㻹𣿡
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ܾȴûȻ۷⾳
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ʱţǾδ仯⾳ƺɶˣʵı仯
ȵ֣·ΪҶһ㣬ӰãʣȻγ
ξˣʶˣʵУɫ֮ڣҲӰ
˯ʱ֪ǣĹҲȻطű仯һ߹ϣЩصĵƣ߹ת·ɫ򽣬ȫĹһ飬ֻصԭƽ·һжûб仯
֪˶ãǼʱҲǼ죬ֻǸãǽɫĹâɢȥӰ¶磬ׯϡ
Ψһϴʱģ¶
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Խ׻˵˿ֻϸСʵսȷʵźܴı仯ҲǼΪ׵ġ
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š֣ȻϿ֣һ
塭ˮˮ֣ˮֻˮ壿ϧӡ֮дδһְΪҪɱأһŮӣ;ǻһƬ
˰ɣһеңӦϰɣޣĶĳޣеһжΪҶģǱҵĵɱģңҲΣҳܵ𣿡̾ʹҡҡͷҪһзΣԽԽѹ
Ҹô죿ѵҪ𣿡شͷп˵һп鲻ͬĺۼһ̲ССѪֻǱĨȥˣȴ޷ȫǱ쿴ˡ
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ˣˣľѣҡҡͷ̾һ漴ΧַɫѾʧˣüͷ΢΢
Ǻηʥ񣿡ɱһ󲽴УϸظӦ΢ɲĻ㣬ѭϢҵʯǸտյĻУֻһЩɢл
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֪ԵɣֻǸ̾һ£ȻĻս˵磬֮С
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պһЩ֮㴩֮УѰų·
֮ڰ֮⣬ҵһʯţͼںƣΧʯϿ欵ŮӸһЩ񣬱֪Ĵһֻ֣ǣʧȥ˺ȻۣĴѾʧȥЧ
ͷһһĪĿֵĵط첻̧ͷŸ߿յʯոߵģûȻʲôǧŪɱУҲˣôҰӾŸ˶ñӡ
һͨй֮ʱе泩һ㣬ȻһʯţʧӰ
ٴγʱԼһͷƺһͨѾû˳·Ǻʯڣ֮ǰʯһ̳˳ש״
ֻ⾡ͷʯڣ಻ͬһֱһɵԲһЩŹֵͼڵ̡


702 Ѱ
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ǿǶǿߵһ衣
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һս˼ͣˣһ𾪣ЩĿɿڴǻ֮䣬λнǵϡ
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703 ܶ
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ǲǴľƽѰôƣ˲䣬أ򿼫ӳˣһĨռָһJĳ¾ƳУһƿɵҶʮغϴӣ
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ʱ·ֹͣˣ˵ĺ·Ҳֹͣˣÿһ˶ǲ˼
Ϣ֮ȷӦǽǣɫͨ죬ŭɱεͷųȵԪ뽣У裬·Ҫ˫ָնϡ
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ǣô˵Ҳһ֣׵ػ˹ûʲôӿˣʱŭ⽻ӡ

ХһһνųɵԪУȻǰһ̣𣬽ԪٴŶ
۾΢Уһ΢ƣ˫ָųţ˫ָȻһжʱȫγһǿĻȣͬ˵ǿһ㡣
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ҿһҲ̫ˣָǬʵʲôʱֲΣҲ̫˰ɣսһľ棬૵
ڹĹеջСȻ֮ʵɲþ̾һ겻ѡ
Ѿվǵǰ棬ȴڽ󣡿ǵŬˣܱ̫Զأ򿼫ɫȻͬΪߵɲȻ֪ǿ󣬵ղǲ̫š
ȷʵǿĻ޷µģϾԷһ˶ٵߣһնָ϶Իˣ໤Ҳɻơ
Ȼָȴǽһ˿ۼûУⲻò𾪡
ʵת˽ղ񹦣סȫָҲŹ
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𾪣ģϵľɫ˱䣬ŭޣŨŨɱ⡣
һȻйڽȴ
ɫصؿ죬תԪֱϵĲʣеĺǿޱȣĳٴξӰ磬ӶӰָüġ
۾΢УβƣһӣǹУһǹ˲ûһϽɫǹӶ˽ǡ
ɫ䣬о˶ԷһĿֲһѹֵƣĽԪԻᱻͷŽԪ
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һΣʩչ˾Ӱţ˵ƱˣԭȵİɱڣԵƥ


704 µ
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ŭͬʱҲǾֲѡ
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ǵǱүҾǸˣҸطʹ̳һ£ս쿴ʤ飬˷ܲѣķ
Ӯˣʮغ֮ڣʤǣλһ̳̳һƿƿҵˣнһЦһϵļ̳˲䱻˿ռָ
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Ҳֻй˺ŮӱȽϵˣЩŭɫЩȻɫѾڱıԵ
ΪĿţִʹ˰ӡ
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죬һһʶͶս춼һȼĸ֣
ŶֲսȫһսδػХɫ䣬кеĶ⣬Ҳֻʩչ˾ųɵսѣȫԸӮôɣ


705 Թ
˲Сɫ˲Ҵˣǹ죬ƺĳ״̬˿ɵУ
˿ɵУ˵Ц˰ɣһ˭˵޵УҲңһʶУ˲УؿҲУٵۺСǣҲ˿ԣХЦһоǲм֮⣬޵УҲȦ֮У֮ܶѣжͣұն֮
ɫ΢䣬üͷ壬̵Сһ㣬ı󶯣Ҫٷղˣߣǿ󣬲˶Ը
ߣǿиƨãܵסҰӰĹ𣿡ХƲƲ죬Ϊ⡣
˵öԣС˵Ӧһֻ幦ǿϣܰЩкδ־ҲȻδɢ
ХüͷϲԼĻ˵ǳ־Լ硣
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˫һХĻʱһХçײ֮ȥ죬ȻĵǶģХ羹ȻԳе侲
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Хһеɱ⣬Ŀ˿һʶһڸ֣ȥύһһĸ֣
ţͷĿŮӣŮ˭
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֣ʱˣ˰ǧΰɣХ΢΢һЦɨһŮӣҲһ˿ҾͲˣ̬ǧʩչԼĸֶ߳ˣҿҪ㣬Ҫͻ˼˰ʵң֣ܵǱؽһ
ţˣСӣԽԽѳֲסŪ˵һˣһ˿֮⣬һ䣬ɫ˻һ湫ӵŮȥ
ĻûиХվһεҡҡͷһʶȥ

񫣡սٴιһھƣ죬һ·Σ
ͷаɣɱ˼ˣʹ˲٣
һɫһ㶣˭
޼쵭һЦ
ŶϲϲȻսȵСӣ㲻֣Ҳᶯֵģ
޷˭һУҲޣ쵭һЦͷҲδ̧˭ǿʶ
˲䣬˼ĬˣսҡҡͷҲ֪Ķðģʵ治棬ЩҪǿһЩ
֪ǣȻĬԶˣ˿ԶŮӵͿһʶХ磬Ƕţ
ŶϸһЩ֪֪ˣսأ򿼫۾һ
ҪɱֵХ磬ݣϼҵ֮һԶ˵ɱһһͬݣƼҵӵܣ
ݣ壿ȻǴһԸ̾
ƼҲǹ壬ʹĪСģԶɫ΢ϼң˵вʥһĹΪӰֲʤҲҪһ£
ХһԭΪҶԶɫñ
ţ֣˻һ㶣ǲ⣬Ҳ²֮ǰн
Хһ֣Ժǰڱбһˣʧȥ˽洫ӵУһֱģϼҰ׷ɱˣԺ壬ʱԶͣ
ûнԺרΪԺв˱ͨˣϼҵĸֽеɱңҲŻܵ벻ǻǵõϢֱ׷ˣ
ڣ˵սǿʤңԣҷ࣡Զһ
һɫ΢䣬أ򿼫סˣСģûҰ㶨ɰսʤ
ˣҰˣɣɲô򰡣սһЦԶļ򣬵Ҫ߳ɰնɱģң
ִɷģնɱǺѣнصУȺŹҲýʲôأԴˣҪ
ԶԣһУȥУǾȥսȺŹĥ
޳ɣҪأô

ʱ΢˲䱻ƣ˼ů⣬ѣ⣬ĺĵһȺˡ
֣ʵõлնҪǣ˵һҲԶļ򣬵֮еһ˽նɱòҪ֣ȻϼȻŹģ
ԣ˵еҪ׼ŭϼң֪㲻鷳鷳ˣǺ£нͷХԸɣ
Զͷ㣬˭˭նɱɱɱһϼ޾壡
ãսһЦݹһƣˣ
˾ٱһ
ˬ죡
ȻԶɫ΢䣬
һ㶣˳Ŀ⿴ȥХһʶ޵еĵûȣ˲䣬Ǳô¡
ڽˣǲɫ΢
¸ߵսߵĿģξЩСսƲƲ죬мذһһʶۣȺְ⵹ãеĵ˾۵һˣɱ㲻ù˼̫ˣ


706 
СΪãϲˡסꡢؿҲߵһһţ
ؿգһ㶣ɻˣ
ǸȻ˵ĶˣԶһԶ
ɫ΢ȣԶĶˣֹԭоؿհһѲĶ֣
ʵǿģһʶ͹˲ģԶ
ţͷһ漴ñϵɱ˲ŷѹ˼һ
˲䣬˳ȥվŮǰƺھʲôŮȴԣһǧ̬֮
׹֣Ůʵƺ˲٣ҲһаȲҪļлɱģҪСĽ
ǰ֣̰ɣӦ˵ܱܣҲգнҲο
ţҲڰοΪΪıɱŭġ
˵ɱɫ䣬ȴЩΡ
ʵΪĵչ¶ɱΪȻŮӣжǷȷģȷʵһŮ֮⣬׽ˡ
ȻŮ֮Ǹ⣬ǣ˶һص㣬Ů֮䷢Ĺϵǳ⣬ԼԸ룬º󣬼ȥŮˣȴԼŮˣԼԣ˾ǲ
һֺ˽ռȴ˵Ƿ˵ıˣ죬Ҳ⡣
ŮӷǳԹŮӣֻ֮飬˷ϵ֪֮УѾ䵱ԼŮˣԣԼŮǱ˿Ծġ
ɱ
ԣ񣬾Ǳɱ
лᣬһնɱģ
ԣ֣ĿƺŮӣСô£սϸɱǶͷŵģɻ
û£ҡҡͷ뽫˵ȥ
ŶսҲʣȴǴĦ

Ӻαؾܾأĳ뷨ֻӽѰˣǷ棬˵ӡ󼫺ãԼĵаεúܺãû˭κβס
Ůֱ۾΢΢
ҲɵصһЦ˵׷ɱ㣬Ĺ֮ǰǽ໤пܱնɱ
Ůɲ˫ֱۣӺĴڡǣ족һ֣Բһ£ĸǷӿţʶ̽ڵλá
ı仯ȻӲ۾ײ׽Ůӵ仯ΪԼĻŮӣдϲϷĪҪģǿҲη壬Ƽҵ𣿡
Ůʼûжҡ֣۾
Ϊ⣬ԸӽУӱƼҵıӻǸҶֺƼңǿҲҷƼϣ
Ů۾Ȼ䣬ܲмؿһһżƵĶ棬ʲôϢ
죬һûɢޣһһطȱƶ֮أߵĵزȺۣӲʲôٻһκοֲڵвС֮ԿЩ˹Ĵ
ο˼һԽһֲֿ״̬޵֮ˣһЩϹȲϡ
˶ΪⲢûеģȷʵı֡
һõĳһʵ֮⣬ʲô
ǿߣҪʵҪһ޵֮ġ
ȻУûУ
һ뵽죬Ůӵ˲ˡ
ôȽأӦ÷ǳغ޲ɱΪ۱۶ӰأҵôˣѵǴΪʲôΪʲô
һ뵽ˣؿھţҲһ˿ͮơ
ŮĶˡ
Ȼܿ죬ŮֹסеϢƽϵɫȥֻص֮ǰı䡣
Ƴһ񣬻ԽԷĻǣȴǺԼԶˡ
飬ָһʮѺõĸоǣŮȴǷУޱȵα֪ΪλָоǱʶҪԶˣûȤ
Ĺǣ˵ĸоǻȵģǣʱǡǡ෴ģͬبŲıɽѽ
ǣԽǾܾںϣȴӾȻúܶ˶޷ңеռϵطš
װʲôߣӣӵˣô㣡ŭⷭڣȴû˿ֳһȻЦ⣬⸱ٻúܶŮΪ֮ԣ֪ĳɷ֪ӵķ
αŮŭ⣬صҲ˵߿
ɫ΢ͣɱһţ磬ƼݶȻûӵΪܾأ
ŮƼĸ֣ûʲôоҲǲںҲǸ֪һֱתһյĵطȥ
㡭Ȼôӣһ£Ƥڽҿˣеŭ⣬аĿ⿴ŮӵıӰϸ֫ͷβĿȫѪڣҧŭûòŮˣߡ
˵һЩвĻһŮӣԴԼĿģǣ˵һ룬ɫ˲ˣŭӡ
Ҿĺǣɱ㣡
һŹɱУ絶棬һɫ䡣
ܿ죬ʶԼǱŭĿȺɱεѰǸ֮ˡ
ܣľ磬ҪѰҳ˵֮ˣǲܵġ
ʶؿ˾ؿգֶԷڵأĿ񣬲ҪѰҵˡ
ȻѯʹһЩϢ֪ŮǺ;ؿһģԣŻһʱΪǾؿո
˭һʶȺһһ̽
ǣոӵһȺ˵פʱֻԺһ
òҪң򣬱ɱ㣡
һΣ֪˭ġ
ͬͬͬɱ⣬ǰ仰ͬһˡ
Ǳһ
죡
Ȼ죡
δ뵽⴫֮˾Ȼ졣
첻ŮгΪλ
ǲ⣡
ǣҲŭˣδ˸вĶ̶仰Ѿ˶սĻ
죬Ϊ˶Ǿ˲ˣƽӹ֮սٸߣҲ޷ȵģֻһѪӶ԰ǣ㣡ɫƽһɱ֣мؿ죬֮ܣԶ֪֮һ㿴ʲôţסҵ֣ҽƼ


707 ʸ
ƼңʲôʲôģǺ«ģ˵ģû˵쵭ؿһУӼԲãʲô֣ˣŶˣʲô֣
٩뼤ŭԷ̽һ¶Էԣһ¶Էʵ
Ȼһɫٱ䣬Ťŭޱȣɱ𣬾ÿߺɡ
ͺһ·Ҫһ㣬ǣ˲䣬ĻͻȻԼѹסˣ·һͷˮɫñ䣬ɱ˿û˸ôƼңû˸ôǵһ㲻кýģ
ߣƣûŹ㣡쵭ػӦһ䣬ɫȻƺûа
ǣȴЩأȻܲ򵥣竵ݣȴҲ竲߱ԣˣܿ¡
˵ϲںԷ죬ѾΣնֵˡ
ˣţ򵥰һУ̾һâһĵΣҺ£ˣնɱ

ܿ죬ϵˣγһɣХһʶ޵Сסγһɣ֮ϡ
ʣµߣɢһƬʱûмһвǿڡ
ˡؿաŮӣп^һԼ÷䳾ˡ
ÿֻʱģĿ֮ʱ¾ǵʱ
ѣɵ̫ˣﰭְŵģһ̰ɣХɨһ۳ٸߣһʶ
ţ˵е˵ǽĹңȷʵְŵģҲкҪǱ͵͵Ĺеǿɾ鷳ˣ޵ɨһ۳еߣ۽һˣһ˿⣬
ţһʶͷǾɱɣܲǽĹУ
һʶĻһͬȻüͷܶ˶ĮޱȣɱˣǿȳԷҪ
Щ˵ϵĳûʲô
ɱбһ磬Ⱥ
½Ʈ衢ɳ޺ۺ׵ˣ޵кһʶҲˣХ硢ɱȥ
³ˣնЩߡ
˲䣬֫أͷɽѪ
˶˱ս״̬ǵѣһ֡
վӿ
֪ɱ¾޷ֹͣģôˣҲŹأе
ҪҪȥæҿһʶǼ˺ᣬȥնɱս쵭һЦ
ˣֻҪǲǣڣЩҲᰴʲôģΪĽĹУǶ뽫ΪУ˵ᰵж֣ʤҡҡͷȻ
Ҳǣһɱ¾޿ɱ⣡Щ˶пнͷ÷䳾Ϳ^ˣҲѣҪʱ򣬰һ
ͷȷʵģֻûиվһѡ
ǵõģʵǶһʶɵȥ⼸ˣǶ˸ֵУɱǣףһˣ
ţ˶Ͽɰ˵
ǸҽĿƵϣǾͷɱɣ쿴˼սһʶˣ
ģˣһǵƤ㲻ڣүģҵϣȺɱսսڣ˫ȭգ
ʱĬˣʶʱʱעŲڰĲڤһߣʱ̵ñѣȻΣա
Űɣһ㾾ģһĿ˼ս֮С
һЩ߱ɱǱӴܣܵߣѰӣ˵ҲûҲǡ
ֻҪж⣬ǲƽϵġ
Ȼܶ˿һĻ·ϣһ㣬Զ˹ȥ
һģʮǱӰۼ˸
һĻһʶɫˣŭڣָӺˡ
ΪӵҾͲҶˣХ˫Ŀŭһ˫ַɣ˲䣬һѾĵ񹭳УУ״ͼһЩŹֵķģмǹֵͷ񣬿мס
乭ңһһϸɢſֲϢƺһ޵Ľ
ѹһ֣簵ҹƹһ㣬ޱȣ˲˵Ŀ⣬ΪɢŵϢ̫ˡ
սȻûֹϢǣ˵עȴȥˡ
ʥɫˣëըһ۾ͿˣѹһʥƷʥ
ǣʥɫԭ
̬֮ҪΪѵ񹭸ĸоֲ̫ǳΣգһֱ޶˵ļ¸о
ȻǴʥδ𰡣鷳ˣսɫҲǴ䣬֮ǰֵ̬ˣޱȣüͷ
˵ѵһѻŵʥеδ𣬶Ϣʢ׳꣡
һֲɱ
һеȼл飬ȼԽߣԽ󣬵ֻʥϵ飬ſԳ֮Ϊ
ǶһƣͬʱҲӦֲ
ЩвǣЩ϶û󣬻󶼽ε˯ߣ𲻵ãֻܵһıá
еĹԪꪣ󸴻ǣֻǸոԻͬ׶һ㣬ȣܴ
ԣ񹭣˵һв
ХʵֻܴһΣϾʥʥߵרʵߣ޷ǴʥҲֻͷųֵȴҪľߵԪҪľ޴ʶ֮
ѹХʵǿԴģҲֻܴһΣǻľһԪпܻ
˶ʥҲʹʥı׶ˣԣ𾪵ͬʱȴҲһ¡
ХʹʥҲֻնɱһ˶ѣʱΪʸ֮ģսֻ鷳
ԣܶ˵ĴǵХͷųһʥȻ˹
ÿֲʥû뵽һﾹȻ˱鷳ˣŵʥʥнɫ£ǰѺڽ
ʸ
Զѵ񹭳֣ɫΪأʧУȻʶ˹
ʸţ֣ʶѹأ򿼫Ͻɢһ˿ƴԵϢʱʱ֣ƺʥĳ֣еս⣬ϵѾڣ飬Աܵ־ʥһս
붢ǰѹҲעԶĻش
ϼҵ洫ʥͷβʱս֮δҳ֣ڣŻ󣡡ԶɫȻأȴҲűģһ˿йعս
ŶĴ˵ȻȻÿһʥıһ£ÿһ¶ǵس˾Ȼʥȴһ̫ʵĹ¡


708 Կ
ͷβ
Ƕʸ̣
Ǹ߼ĵɷӡҲսشȻ˲ôҲһԵĹȥ
ս
ǿս
ʸƺûľԣĿڱɷӡ磡
ϼڹս֮ƾ﷢չ׳󣬲˽յķ٣Ȼ˵ѹôʣòϣһʥԶеȣ֣صص˵ʥܹ죬ע⣬Ҫ
һ㶣ɻ󣬵ʱ˿̣ȴٶʣԶ˾衣
ֻХЦʸչң״Щ߱ߣһɡ
ˣ
˲䣬ֻʸΧһ޴Ӱģ壬ֻ۾ȴɺѪעĿ
ӰΧһ籩һİУΧ
쿴Ӱ˲²⣬ӰпԻҲпѹϣȡֻޡ
Хֵ˲䣬кһֻΧЩɹû˾ŵʸӰͬһ㣬˲Ϣ˾Ÿ˵ĺԡ

ҽвϣŵӰͬʱأ˲ûϢ
Զ۵ˣɫ䣬ԶԶܿ±Х͵Ϯ
ֲ
һ£˲żʶ˿ֲ
һ˲ɱˣǼΪ𺳵塣
ȴҲʮˣһʩûзʥŵӰǿеһߣ˳϶Ӧ֮ߣӦԣſԵסǱܹʸ
͵ϮǿǴɱڲ֪ȡ
Ϣ֮ХٴңȻͷţǾŵӰϮת˲䣬Ǿ˵ء
һ˹ңŵӰ˲Ϣ
һΣȻѾע⵽ˣӰת˵ķ
ǾŵӰϮʱǽԶʩչȫס˼ӰϮ
˻ɢ˼Ӱ˱Ӱɣһһˡ
ʱ˶ע⵽ʸı׶ˣֵضХ磬ɱڡ
Хüͷ΢壬Ȼնɱʮˣǣȴ⣬ԸĿȫɱЩˡ
ĽȻҲ֮УﵽĿģۣ
ԶԶؿһۣɱʸ
ʸΪһʶľ׼ģǣ˿̣ĵֻһǿһֻΪ
ʸĳ֣սֹϢˣȴΪӪХһʶһڣΪԶܵĶ
֣ҪעХ磬Ǽһĵƣջ㣬ǧҪСİԶȻע⵽Х̬춣
ǰ֣ʥͬ˼թĪ⣡нҲ̵
ͷƳһХ磬ţһСĵģ
ٺ٣Ҫܽ⹭Ǹöðս쿴һХ磬ȻһЦ
һ㶣ɫ΢䡣
ҪʸͬѾϼҵıǩǱȥˣҲһãңϼҲһȻҪǣԶֹ˶ս뷨
ԣ˵С֮ĽҲйصģʥϼұǱǶˣǿɾ˼֮ĽЩҲᱻսȦ鷳࣡ϼҵִѲʱԶȽϺãнҲ
սƺΪ⣬ƲƲ죬飡һС壬ֻ˶ѣ񣡡
ȿȡְǲ֪ϼжǿǿƷʥ˴ڣۻʲСﰡԶȫս̬סˣ˶֪սͷĵ̣Ӵϼȣܶ˻ǱȽϼɵϼңϾ
Ǻǡģֻ˵˵ѣȥ񵯹սһЦ˲˵ǣȴֹһƷѣֻеӹķݶ
Ȼ⻰˶Уﰵ𾪣ս쿴Ŵ³ȴǴޣϸ竡
Ȼ˵⻰Ȼеģ
ͨԳĺᣬȻһƷҡ
ս˵ע۵ĹҵĴϣټĳأʱ˼ſ֮
֮˲ͷˣϽ
ŵôȥ²Ż򿪣
ѵҪһӣһзԿģ
ĹҴпԿף˭֪ʲô
ոߵĶȥˣӦ֪ɣ

˿˼䷨Щͷˡ
ĹҵԿףӦڸУľüͷ΢壬ֻǣնɱ˸û֪ĹҵԿˣ
쵭һЦ֪֮Ҳ֪Կںδ
Ŷһڴؿ졣
쿴ԶĹһֶۣԷҲԼԴʡ
ջĿ⣬΢΢һЦɷӡ
ţɷӡ˵ոߵеǼƽӡһ㶣ɫ΢䡣
һƵʥǸ߼ıпǿĹҵԿףľɫһɫӦڸϣǼһﱻնɱĪǡ
ҡҡͷɷӡȷĹҵԿףȴϣʱвдһ֮ˣҲûõ
һ㶣Դʧص
ڲڤϣĿ⿴Զڤķ
ڤɫ΢䣬ֲĽթ֮ˣҶİ
鷳ˣǸС˵õӡ󣬹Զˣսüͷһ壬
Զҡҡͷһģ
ǰ̰թˣôأʵôǿأ򿼫һЦ˵Ѿˣ
ˣ쵭һЦ
ˣһ㶣Ŀ⴩ڳϣѰŲڤӰ
УĿ罣˲ڤķ
˲䣬˱֪λãֻսԶ󺰵𣬿үүѵɷӡ͹ȻүүҰɺӣ
˲䣬ϵ˱սľٶˣǲ⣬ȻмȴƺʲôĿ۵УʶȫչѰȥ
Ϣֻ֮һӰ˳ɫסݡ
벻Ｘˣ˷֣ȴ֪ˣɭɭǿӿɫ΢
šһǿˣüͷ΢壬֮ǰԷأϢоʵǿʱţԱɱʱҪǿһ֡
Ҳû⣬Ͼ˶ڽֹһˣĹĸӣͲڤˣҲ


709 ɷ˴
ңڤȻǿһ֣ȴ£ԼʤԷ
٣ֻ֪ڰѣΪʲôˣϻ˵㽫ɷӡүү͹սƲƲ죬ȴһڤüˣ쵽治ܱ˷֡
˰Է̰췢ֵģսƤҲ̫ˡ
ߣս죬̫ţҪս͹ڤڶսԲǣȴ
٣һֻүүһӻ־㣡ֶֻѣս첻мصһ۲ڤҪսүү㣡
˵ţˣֵǣֻȻŰҲҴţϰɣúкһ£
˲䣬µɫ䣬ǶսһˣӦǣһȺɷɱ̫ˡ
ܿ죬Ӧս״̬Ļ׼Ӷݡ
ڶսĻ켸˸ǣ˵ڤг𣬿ҲȺŹͿԽģҪԼԡ
Լɣ𵭵һЦԶս
ûսɫ˲һ壬޺޵ؿһۣתڤүүҿƵͲΪˣѵɷӡүү͹
ûжֵ˼ڤһĽƽɷӡǧõģƾʲô㣿
٣㻹͹͹ս캩ȻһЦ
ڤһǡ
սȻ֪ڤΪԼ仰Ͱѵɷӡ͸Լֻռռϵı˶ѡ
㲻ǰɣٺ٣زסսһЦλĹҵĿԿױǵɷӡϣǿŰɣ
˲䣬ϷٵܲƵؿڤӰˣŲڤӹȥһЩǶסЩͨ
һʶ˽Զɫ䣬ֻһۣǱ֪˲ڤı⡣
ҪԶʳôף
ڤɷӡɣҪŭ޵д
ԣڤزסģǿĹҵԿףأܵס˵Ľ𣿡пںȵ
Хһۣɫ΢ȣХʵ֪ʲôͷ
ϵϢӦò壡Щħ޵Ϣ
пħ壡Хɫ΢һˣǶս첻ԸӦòͬһӪȡӪ
λİɣУȻҵվһģֻԶʳѣһʶص
û˿ԶʳģʶȰȰɣҲǱսͬʱҲʡʱ䣡Х
һʶڤϢ֮󣬵ڤѣһɣ
ڤĿ΢Ȼһʶվһӣֻ֪Ϊ˶Կѣһ죬ת۱ΪУһɽݶĵǶ
ֻǣʱòһʶ롣
Χһʶֻüͷ΢΢һ£뿪ûԶʳҲûȥɷӡܿĹңİο
ڤƳһΧˣԶһˣһʶɱȥʮɴ
ڤѣɷӡԿף²ܶռ޵ת˼Ȧ
ߣĪǻҪָ㲻ɣб𣿡ڤһоǲм֮⡣
㡭޵жʱɫǺ졣
ؿŲڤȥǣҪĹң
ǲأڤص
һὫڹУʬд˸ڤ˵ڤʵˣҲ
𣿡ڤɱڣ
ԣãϴƭңҪ㣡˵ţǰ֣ȴһʶס
Ҫңؿһʶһۣ
һʶҲƽϣΪԴ֮󣬶Էһֱ̬ʬ
ҡҡͷʱʱĪлɳˣ̫ǿˣɴ⣡
üͷ΢壬Ƴһ۲ڤ˻ȥ
ڤȻǿӲﻹЩ飬Ȼǵ֮ǰ飬Ĺ˳ֶԸ
αװģҪαװϾʱһǿߣƣȻ鷳ࡣ
֪Լ֮ѻ⣬㲻ͣǳУûҪš
˺һ
ڤѣӦ֪ͬһӪģǲĽӡֻǽһ¶ѣҪģĹҿ֮󣬱㻹㣡һʶ֤һʶ
ڤĿ˸Ϣ֮΢΢ͷã
ʲôԹʱ£˿أһʶƳһˣ
ڤҲһ죬عͷģ֪ôĹ֮ô֣
ƽ֣һʶ
˽üͷ壬ʵ˭ȫռС
ҪһЩڤ
΢ŭƣ޵еΪΣ
ɷӡҵģڤص
ãʱһЩ㣡һʶ
ˣ˭ֻ֪Ӧˣһ̣϶Ǳӡ

һѣôҪˣڤľٶսƲƲ죬ߵ
֮Унص

ĹҵԿ׼Ȼ֣˵ľʱˣеĿⶼ۵˲ڤϡ
Ҳٱó˵ɷӡ
ȭͷСĻƽӡڲȻΪͽοǵʥ
ʱеȴһ
ʶӡܿ죬˷ʯϵĿ׶ƺӡ״ǳǺϡ
ҵˣ˷ܲѣָ϶
ţҲ½ˡס˫ȭգͨ졣
һʶĸ֣Ҳ񣬷·һرҼ򿪡
ڤֳŵɷӡϢЩ٣˵עУʯȥһʶ˸ں档
һЩߣѾڲڤʯţܿ㵽˾ʯ֮ǰ
ҲȥɣһʱĹңȻĶᱻȺһһģԶ
ӦʣԶʯȥ
ľüͷ壬Ŀɨž޵ƺ˼ʲô
̬Щɻ󣬵ľ֣ʲô𣿡
ľҡҡͷʯܹŹ֣˵Ҷˣ
Լɫ΢䣬ҲЩʯŹ֣װΣӦŪߴһЩҶԳƣʯȴܰǸװκܲ
װΣʯǺ;
СһЩɣҲʯܹŹ֣·ڳʲôһ㣡ųһţֲǼ򵥵ŲɫȻ

ڤվʯǰվǸ֮£ԶÿһɶķΧŵڤ


710 ֮
ڤϸؿһŷϵǸСףһЩɷӡķ򣬱תԪýȥ
ˡ
ռһʯϵͼڸ·һ㣬һЩŹֵķĹ֣⣬ʯת
֣ĿɿڴЩ˼ס˺
Ϣ֮ЩֹͣתҲֹͣ˱ãһȫµͼ
˲䣬׹ⷺʯűһ޴Ĺţͬʱӳŵֱͨʯϣ˲佫֡
¡¡
֮ʱ׹ھʯ֣ͬĹʯϳ֣ڽʯ
˲䣬ʯƶϢʱ䣬γһȦЩʯŵΧ
ˡ
һһƬĻ𣬽ʯͬٶ˸Ρ

ͻȻһҽ𣬽һһĲҽ
ǰе˲˸ĽŲͣ˰գ˲һ˶ͷ亹ֱð
⡭ô£սɫˣһľȺ˵ǰģʮɴһʯҲǰ׹֮
⡭ɱ󣿡ԶʧԵļˣ˼
ʱһ˽Զ˼
ЩûнеߣԶң˵֪淢ʲôǿ϶ɱִڡ
˭֪׷ʲô˾е
ǣûһ˽ֻоʡ

ҽϣܿ죬һӰ˹Ļǣ˿Ӱʱ򣬽Զ¶˲˼ľ顣
һʮ֮ߣԭûвμ֮ǰĻսá
ʱȴѪͷɢһҰף˫ĿѪһȦ·ոձشһ㣬á
ô£ͷΪΰˣע⵽ΪŹֵı仯ʧ
Ϊˣ·ʧȥ˾ѪǲһѪĴ󣿡
ЩΪɣ˾ѪԼľԪ

ʱһҡҡҡλ˼£㵹ض
ⲻǾѪɥʧľ˫۹â˸˵ʬϢʧ
ʲôǾѪɥʧô£ս쾪
˱ĽľɫȻйâɢȥһƬ޴ĹĻ컯ᣬѾȣǾɷ˴󣡡
ɫ䣬ȻǼ֪ɷ˴ʲôǣ˱ᣬȴ֪ġ
һ˵һջʧȥ˵ӰӣӰһ˵
һ˵˱ᣬ֪ˮпܱǺɽﶼпܱײ޻пԴѡ
֮شڣ˵Ӱǳ֮
ȥ˱˵ˣӳԼϣôԼ˾ͻࡣ
һ򵥵ĵȴһֲֶֺܼܿΡ
ɷ˴ȴһּΪײеĶȡ˵Ĵ
챾ִ󣬵ľѣ֪ǰĿֲ
ʯ֮Уӡоŵɷ飬ʯϵĴ֮ˣת֮ϡ
ֻǣùŹֵǣ߼Ȼﲼ˾ɷ˴ȻܹĺŵĻ϶ҲĴֲѵ߼Ͳ¸˱
˼֮£ֻѪ֮˵Լ
ҲǾⲼõģеߣԻᱻˣתڸ߼Һϡ
󷨵ĸ֮
ϧɷ˴ʵֲ̫֪ͣ߼沼ó֮󣬻᲻ܵشķأ
ȻǾɷ˴󣬲֪ΪҪȡˣѵĹеҪ𣿡˲⣬ʵ
ľҡҡͷɷ˴󣬶ȡ˵ˣػתڸ߼ϣԣֻǵֵ֮˶ѣ
ǽȥˣսüͷһ壬ոߵͷҲͰˣôĲǶöӾ
֣Ǻ£һʶ˾Уһʡ鷳ˣأ򿼫
⵹Ҳǣ̵ոߵģͷǸүҰ˸СæսһЦԭ˵ѹ˲䱻һЦ߽ˡ
ϧ赲ȻĹ䱦ǧҲԵԶ̾һЩεص
ʵֹҲЩϧоǰһˡ
Ȼ֪ɷ˴Ҳ֪һЩúƽ֮ǣڵ޷ûƽġ

ҽ˷ģӰ˴󣬽ԶǱ֮ĿȫǣһϢܶ˶ضֻ˿
ǣ˱ᣬֲĹĹ֮УעҪԼˡ
ˡ
ȻһӰײײطɱȻǱ֮֮ǰЩ˲ֻͬЩҶѣ˿˿ѪоһѴ󹭡
Х磡
Х羪飬üͷɻѡ
ţôû£Īոߵ˽ӵĺս쿴Хõسǲϲֹ
֣ʵǿҲѵֵ֮ɣѵ˲ɣԶҲɻأֹ
˵ĻľҡҡͷõʥȻִ󣬻ֻǱ˸ֲЩǱѣ
Ǻ˲ǧ꣬ˣǸ˵ĻүУս޺޵ţͲХС
˵ţӰӴ˳ԶǱѡ
м˵ضԶʣ˵ˣȴöսٴη̰졣
һΣõػһʶꡢסˡ
ģոߵ治Ƕڵʲô龳߶ɱˣ˼ôһĹսΣá±Ǽ
ҲȷʵˣǣǽԶǣȻǻûдӸղŵĿֲлûϾʱǶս졣
ģӰˣڤ޵е˽УֻһЩСˣ˲δߡ
ڶսŭɶͰУһһӰ˳Ѿʧȥˣ㱣ŽŲ
һޱߣЩûн߶ңͬʱҲľѣ϶ʱ
ģĻɢȥˣʯ˿ʯԻѾһ˲еķ϶пֲϢ
˿̵ˣȴûһǰȥ
ʱſڷһžҲûԸǰȥá
ǰȴ޿κΣɫį
ɷ˴Ȼֲǲûа취ȥȻľٴοˡ
һ㶣˲ϲԶʵ֪֮
ľҡҡͷҲ֪󣬵зУֻǣղһˣв


711 
ʲô˵ǿ԰æȻ뿪ڵ
ľĿԶɫصķУæҵְմͨһ·У
Ŷ˵Уɫ΢䣬ɵ
ľͷ˵
ֻһ޶ѣ˵ʵҲǿôأսɻ
ľƺ뵽ʲôʵľǷҪʩչɾѧ
ľͷţֻд˵
˵С㲻ҪˣϿ˵ҿҪ㼱ˣսЩֱ꣬ľļ򣬵
С֣͵͵Цľǳ鴤
սļҲ֪ȥˣȻս˵ĸֽзأʩչѧθλˣʹô޷̽⵽λˣ޷ȡˣ
ţô򵥣սһ㶣üͷ΢΢𣬵·𣿡
򵥣㾹Ȼ˵򵥣һ£ľսĻסˣɫһͣ޺޵ص
СɣҲЩ߰ĶսͷڨڨЦ
ľɫ΢࣬Ŷս쿴˼ۣǴԹϵ֮ԣ֪ϦǰˣҪҸһԣ
ˣǰƽǰ·ͷľˣսڰ֣Ⱥ档
֪˫ͨڤļһɲʲô汾µӣ˵һЩС»ǻõģһЩСֶλеģˣɲܵ
սߣľϲϵЦת˲ţȻԲóһ˵ͨͨڣ˳ˡ
ŶԶͷ漴ɻΪβЩ˵һأӦñȲͨһЩɣ
Զ⣬ҲǺܶеʣľƺϵ˻ʣһˣһţߴˣѾ컯ˣһˣǣҾͲˣй¶͵컻գҪǴģҿɲʥĹΪԼķĹ
һʱȻ
ʵľְʥĹǺܲģɱҪʥܾðԿһ£լԺģмס𣡡ս΢Ⱥ
ľɫͨ죬ս죬ȻһЦ֮ҰָĸˣԺֿԳڴˣ
ˣطȻΰ߲ãʣסսµ䣬ٴδܵȺ棬Ŵˣݸ
ٴοľľ֣˵Ĳ˵ͨһ󹤳̰ɣһ֮𣿡
ľҡҡͷһˣһɵİնûУ
ɫһͣԣŴ뷨аæ
ľͷ
ܰʲôԶɻ󲻽⣬
ʱˣҲĴˣӦҲľһı£
Ѫӱʩչ֮λãӦö֮е
ʱƺ˸ոռе龰Ǹʱ򣬶Էһʯ飬·жʲôһ㣬Ź
ʱ뵽ⷨоȻ֮
ʵ̥֮֮㾡ֻءǰˣƹĪ⣬ֻҵרѣȲϡܾһеĴ
֮ع죬ܰƳ磬֮֮ͨ٣ȴľͷţҲǸ漣
ľҲܾͨ²ùˣ첻Ժĳɾ͡
˵ľԼѣû㽫ܾȥܣ漰һţеβԳܵġ
ҲĴˣôľһˣӦǱϵɣԶɻ
ľĿ⿴ԶķУ˼֮󣬲ŵʵҸгͬһϵǶĴˣ
ɫ΢ƺûţϾܾˣȴͬİ·ľ˵һ
ôʶˣ
ľͷȷʵʶңңҲڽ֮ʱ֪ģ
Ŷ£Ѳϵ˽ӣɲ˰磬˽ӵ⣬漰ܶ飬Ų̳Уȵһѣͷ۰СɲС飬Ĺ֮УҰɱҶѵģսˣ飬˲ա
лֵĺˣҪҰһԣ᲻Ƶ鷢ľһЦս졣
˲ˣǼ汲ǵϵܶ˼꣬ңû˺ҾģսҡҡͷһϿҵص
ľһЦ˽㵱Ȼ֪ˣַܶ˼Ҳ˵
϶ûУͨԳһ壬̫һȻҼ϶ֻʽԱսȷص
˶þȣöսļǿ󣬵δ뵽ǿļȴֻˡ
˶̽飬Ҳûй׷ͨԳһ飬ľҲսġ
ľ֣ȻǶǳһţΪֲʶأ
ǳһ⵹ûдǣȷʵͬľɫȻ
ΪΣɻ
ΪľӵܣУȷʵȵĴ֮һľص
ľˣȵĴˣƺͳľңô֮
ʵ漰һľɫ
ʲôһҲٶʣսȴ޹˼ɵ˳
ľҲûбľңҲһϹŶ֮󣬲ȣ
㣬Ѿ޾£Ϊ˲ĥĹףԲʢܣ㹦ûϹս֮ʱ°սһȻսȴҲ֮Ϊ·ϧһսֲ̫ˣ
ʱʦҲй¶Ǵ䣬˵ȶʹŴлһǲ˺ĵӺһЩҪϣµȣֻһտǣ
սҽǧˣЩĴҲγһЩʹһ
ľǵĺĵ֮һ̫һ
һЩķֻصȣƿȵĴȨзڵ̫Ԫһǵƿߣ
㹲оһԻ̫һԻ̫ԪԻ̫飬Ի̫ͨܣԻ̫ңԻ̫ͣԻ̫Ի̫Ի̫


712 ̫
Ϲʱڣʧֻ̫ҡ̫Ԫ̫̫
ϹŶң̫̫Ĵ󲿷طʧѽֻ̫̫ԪԱΪֽ
ֻУ̫һֻ̫Ԫһľң̫㣡
ԣ̾ѣǶδŴǧ˽٣Ϲţ󣬽յ֪겻ѡ
δǸʱÿһˣоԼ·ԽǸսҲݵʱ
һŴĴ˥֤ʷһǣҲʷķչһڵǰС
㿱컯֮޾ϰ߾ߣ컻أˣ֪ǷʵԶȺԺʫŻʶʤһ
ľɫ£˸ϣɫˣǷʵ಻֪ǧ;ͬ飬Ȼ۷ֻأ֮ǿˣֻ㣬ֻʣȱȫѾʧˣҪﵽ˵еľ磬̫ˣ
д֮֮һ֮۷壬޾仯һǿ٣ٲɱʤƥϧֻǷһѾΪ۲ݵĻ⣡
̾£ͷֻʣʷĻҳһƪƪ֪ʵĴŶѣ
ľٸн֮ʧΪ㴫ߣȻܡ
˭ֵܵסµʴʵͨ쳹أͷһ߰׹ǣһgн֣̾дࡣ
㲻𣿡Ȼս쿪ʵ
㲻ü⣬˵ʵûʲôȤϾҶţֻҪ˳ǧ궼пܣ㲻Щ֮ˣջ󣬵Щ˵̫ңԶ
аɣЩͨߣƶ㲻ģԶ
ôأ涼ʼĩҲоʱˣ㲻ڣȻ޾ǿߣһͷһˣǵĴڣнҡҡͷȻ㲻˲ལ
첻Բ㲻⣬ЩȤԼǽԼľ
Щͨߣ𣬷𣬰ʥۺͻۣǸʲôȵȣЩֲĴڣ˵ЩѾȥ޾£ЩȻڣЩǿߣǷ㲻쵹ɻء
˷̽ȥ¶ֻǶǳļʶ֪㲻̽صֻع鵽㡣
̫һ̫Ԫһ֪˭иһЩأ򿼫һԶķУ̵ضʮָƺʲô㿴ľʵ
ϰ̫ԪһϾġ̫ԪྭЩȱľ츳ȻҪһЩľҲһ۷Уϰ̫һϾġ̫Եȱľģڤֲۣ֮Ĳ࣬ԣʱ˿̣Ӧò£
һ۾һ֡
ľĻȻûнԺĻұضԽⲻֹǾĺʵ⣬һ̶ȵ⣬ϾôţҲھн£̫Ԫϰңר̫㣬ǰ;Ӧ֮ϣȻǰһù
İС㻤նɱУҲһˣǻݣһվ֮ϵģս캩ȻһЦľļԼظĵص
ľһһ˿ɫ¶ϲɫҾлˣ
лСһ׮սڰ֣һЦ
˭Ҳûн⻰棬һЦѡ
ȻˣǾһ԰ɣһ߼ʶһʲô㣬Ǽļһأ򿼫һЦϬһһʶˡ
ľͷ漴˲ԶķУϢ֮󣬼˱㷢лعͷڳϵȺѰһսĿͣһȺС
ЩǿȼǿߵʱƺЩŭ⣬һ˿΢ɲɱ⣬ֻûб˷
գǿȺеľɻüͷ漴Ȼָ˹°ʣ
ľߵȺǰ棬ŻķУɫЩ£ƺҲЩţǷеͷ̫ˣΪһĴˣǵĴڣһεĽʱ䷢һУ˵˷е㣬ҲӵسгĲ㣬ԣ˾ţҲ˵ͨ
編żѵ츳ֻר֮ԷϵĽһϵĻ򣬲͡
ԵľǳͨҲɵķΧϰ֮
˳һºͣԼһķУû˵ôؿţŶԷƺҪеĶֿ͸
ҲˣжٻЩмһΪ츳ģ˿ɳҡ
һȺֲڴˣǲŪԼ츳
Ϣ֮󣬷пˣ
ݷ˳棬ԪĪһжһԪ
һڣ߽һ㶣𾪲ѣ뾲ĥеİ
̶̲ʮ֣ȴǸԵزеİڹ֮Ĳְ壬ɬѶУȴҲζԽĥԽ¡
ÿжǿ̾ޱȣȻͳȴϴ;ͬ顣
̶̵ģеĹ
ľ۾΢Уɫ˼أȵ꣬һҲ
˳ͨ͸컯˴һУ
˵е£ôľǰԵһΨҶơ
һУ
ǺεȵİԵ
Ȼȴռƣ㣬С
Ӵ˷Уǣľģüͷ΢壬ƺܲϲԷĲ
̫㴫ľľɫȻȻ˵
̫һľľˣ۾΢У
ľҵϵľԷɫƣҲñ
Ȼ̫ҷΪβ񣿡е̬Щưص
񣿺ߣ㻹˵ľһ㵱𣿡
̫Ԫһڣô̫ԪʲôģľҲ̫ˣڣƫƫ¯̫ԪһУҲ񣡡Цһб۾ľ
ǻ̫֮Ԫ̫ңֻķѣҲһеһˣȻҲ֪ö𣿡ľɫʼԵòмˣеЩġ
вΪ⣬Ȼǿ߲лȨ̫Ԫһڣ̫Ԫһ
ľüͷ壬˵ʵʹɣҲûȭͷЧ̫ԪһڣһСС龳ߣ̫Էнвͨ


713 
ɣҲֻԶƤë̫ԪһľĲȱ̫һľȴõģû۵ıҪˣľؿһ۷У㣬ֻΪɷ˴󣡡
ɫһͣһ˿ɱ⣬ضľ㻹֪Ǿɷ˴󣡡
ľһԲ
˵ɣʲôе̬ҲʼˣȻľ֪ôֻˡ
Ļôľѧϵ裬Сˡ
Ҳ˿ִֻ֮ЩѰɣľһЩɫ
һ㶣漴ͷˣ
ˣ뵽һȥˣľҲͷǶ˵سһʺϵķ
󣡡
еͷľԼͬ˵֡
ʱ򣬷вſʼǰòĶ
Ҷ֮ӦǿԲóһ˵ͨľ
ţΪеͷǾͿʼɣ㣬·
˵ţֻռָһһ߼ʯС
飡Ȿʯ飬˶úǲľǾһɫ䡣
֮飡гһ˿⣬صĵһ̫飡
Թϵʧ˾źֻ̫һ˵Ѿȱ֪ǷʵľɫׯأϾ̫Ӧ˶Դ
еҲûֱԲ䣬̫ȷʵȱˣҵܿµ̫ǿҲʱʴ
̫飬̫һƿأȴת̫ԪһУϰľ̾
ȻҪһˣ̫һ޾ĶʧˣʲôƿأһľԴԵﲻǡ
ϵһʱЩ䣬ľˣλѣǶ˲󷨵ʱϣܹػڸҪ˴ţ
û⣡İɣС˭ҿ벽үҽ˻ûлش𣬶սȿˣǿսö˷Ĳ١
ʵҲֻ֪Ҫǳ沼󣬳е߶޳ɵģ͵ĳһЩ⡣
˵ıݻǰ˺ܶࡣ
žɷ˴ȥʮǿߣ˲ߵע⣬ɻ󣬾ȣĵȺд
һʶҲ֣ģһֻϷ̬ΪҪˣ㱧һЦӣǰľͷеʱǸǲ⡣
ˣб
ţĴˣﲼóһ˵ͨǰȫĹңսڶͣ½Ųʱ򣬱תɨһۣϣǰһЩĪŵǣȻ˭ҷ£Ӿͻ
ս˵ʱ򣬰תԪһɼΪԵƣ嵽˳ϲдȺС
Ȼڶսвܲ⣬ǣһ԰ȫĹңǸǾϲ
һЩֻɵ̬ȡ
Ҵţɣôܲóأ
Ĵˣ˭أ
ǰĪ⣬ԺգôСأֲ
ҹˣʲôıֱ£˭Ը԰ڳҵĻ͵͵ĹбһУ

һЩ˵ɣľͷȻУǲѡʵЩһݺݵĶ⡣
һʶкľһоǲ죬Ҳŵϲ
صǿżãЩ֮ΪǵĶ֣ǽãԺô١
㣿벻˾ȻĴˣɫ΢ȣ̾
һ֮Ī⣬Կ̽ǰ;ƣ֪ǷʵХüͷ΢壬ɻ
ӦʵɣһɼΪص˺ܾõ£˵ÿһʱĶսΪ˲ĥĹףԣֽĴһ𾴣Ĺ£̾
ˣӦãȡӪ֮Уõѣǰ;棡Х۾һ
ȿɣһ𣬿²ȡüͷ΢壬
õģֻҪеĳ㹻˲Ը𣿡Х絭һЦΪŵص
ɫ΢ͣ漴۾һеԺ˵ȿôɣ

кľվھʯΧɵİȦ⣬ϸؿÿһӡɷʯʶϵȥ˹ĻĴдţеĿֲɫޱȵء
֮󣬶˼ͬʱʶһۣԴӶԷпŨŨ֮ɫ
ΪʼɣľԵüΪͳֳصػڲԶҲ
еͷ˫飬ر۾촽΢Ĭ·ϵͽ鵻һ㡣
ʱľҲ۾
֮󣬶Ⱥֹͣ棬۾
ֻ̫飬ָűϵЩȻָɡ
ϸ۲һ췢֣оȻʩչһµӡ·һԿһ㡣
Ϊʶ㹻ǿԭԼ˷ָĺۼƺ׭̳һķģɬѶ
ָоģ첻ҿ϶ǣһȴп
Ȼľڤۣ֮˷һӡǳİǣȴ֪һеһרӡ
ӡ
רطֻӵ߲ſϰ
Ϣ֮һӡʩչֻ𽥷˵Ľ⣬·޾Ļƽһ㣬һֽɡ
ʱ˼񣬲ҷһĴŵС
У΢΢һԪһ㣬˸оǿҵѪӿ㿴ڷеģһӣҴСĳ쾫Ѫ
ţٴһӡǵξѪָķɣҲ趯
Ϣ֮󣬱㿴ְ̫棬ǵξѪ˲ʯϣ˳ɢ
Ƭ֮󣬱㿴һξѪ浫ȫˡ
ʱ򣬵ĽâûɢѪĺཻӳų˳֮ɫ
˲䣬˸оһ֮Ϣ鲼ΧĿռУ·Ǵһ㣬Ī⡣
ͬʱΧѸٻ㼯˳ɫ֮С
ˡ
ģԽԽŨڷеͷγһһɴСУΧ۶ȫУֻһͨϣΧ̫顣
ɫĹâԽԽҫۣ·һѪҪ飬ǰ


714 
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Ϣ֮󣬿ռһֻǳɫ˲ĸɬĹ֣ӳڷеͷϿգ֮
˶޷λʲô֣ȴˡ
̫
ĸ֣
𾪲ѣ̫飬ǹĪ⣬ǼӡһξѪĹ컭棬ʵڷ˼
ľͷеĶԻ鶼ǴȻγɣɼ֮
ĸֻǳϢʱ䣬ɢˣ̫ϵĳɫâҲˣָֻ˽ת״̬
غһطʯ棬ոµһҳʯֳδ֮ǰһ㣬ûһֻͼֻһЩ·Ȼ
飡
˲ˣ֮Ҫô֣Ҫô۷̥¹֡
ʱֻУٴ۳һξѪһҳ֮ϡ
ܿ죬âһҳмһԲε״̫ͼһ·ԿǧǺӣâ˸ͬǳһ㡣
ڱУЩ˸âƺǺӣǣڷкľʱָʾڸ
˲ǷкľȴУľǹ⣬ɫϲɣ˲óһϵĹףֳʮСƬ
ʱֻ飬ߵʯм䣬Ҫɷ˴֮ˡ
ͣվڴıأָŽµ㣬ľ
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ˡ
һѪ˲ʧǿϹףȴĽ⻷š
ʱľóһѹžɵͭǮ·ǴӹϵķĹڳһ㣬⼣߰ߡ
ЩͭǮ˵ȽãԼԱϣǳϣҲֻϳЩϵ֡
ľʶʶҲʶ
ǰѧϰ죬һֱܡ
žɵͭǮϣɵġĸ֣棬ȴһس
ܹʮöͭǮÿһöǡÿһöıسһʮԡ
ڳڶ˿ֻһƹǺһͭƬѣ޼ֵ
ǣڷкľУȴ޼֮ʥ
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Ȼȴˡ
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ľ˫ֺʮ۾ҡ˼£еͭǮ졣
ĬĬ˼Ȼ۾˫һ֣ʮöͭǮ˹ϡ
ˡ
ռһһɹŨŨ£˹֮УǿʢͭǮ£Ϣ֮󣬲ɢȥͭǮȴӰ
龰˾ﲻѣͷɻأȴҳ

ʱ򣬱һ΢Ŀֻ׿ϣسѺۣβʼѿһ˿ϸСѷ졣

ȻöͭǮб˳˵ϣһһңߵһö˷ָĿԼһλãһö˹׸ǰµһλáһɶһЩƺǵĳִ˾ɷ˴ֻԭɢȥİ׹ٴγˣ֮ǰһЩԼԿǰ龰

˼ͬʱһϵɢһЩ
ϸĵ˻֣ᷢʱķкľѾ߳亹
ڱ˿ֻ㷭ӡѣǳ򵥵飬ǣ֪֮Ƽ򵥣棬ޱȣ׳ҲԪ
˵һûа׷п̾һģ֮⡣
ţʮһԸ˳ľҲͷںһ£˵ϵףһ۷Уɣ
еͷľŶУ˴֮С
˽ŲѣǣϢ֮󣬷õнֻУʱһϲѡ
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һˣϣĹңԡ
㣬Ƿ˼ǳʶˣսҡҡͷ̾ղûע⵽͹ףƺشΪһˣ飬ǹޱȣƺһװУ
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ҲֻһȺ΢ս߷̰ѡ
кľɷ˴ǰϵѷнģ֮󣬷ͣ˽Ųһ̫Ȼľͷ
ʲôˣұ˭㲻Ϊɱѣֻǵս࣬սһ㣬޷ɱԲŻ뷨ƲƲ죬ХĻǱġ
Һڻɱ֮Уȴֲôȥ˵ǲǺȻϣԼĵȥХ̾
ľ˫ףĬһ˼ָתԪ֮С

һٴѿһСϸۣıԭѺơ

˲䣬һöžͭǮѷб˳λá
ʱֻǸоռһ΢Ĳɷ˴֮еĶˣȴо˴ϢתܵķƺҲ΢ı仯
һĪϢɢˣöͷһϲ
ûڶҲɹˣеͷ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȥʮһ·ܿԲóɹˣľȻɫ䣬ȴҲϲѡ
ȻˣǾͳȴ粼óɹʡʱʡеͷ
ľͷ漴յڶƵƣǰһнԡ
֮󣬶ٴͣ£ľٴʩȷ˵·ߡ
ǵ룬Լһ۵ͨģģس˾ɷ˴ĹĻУʯ졣
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ս죬Ҳû˵ߺɱƺѾ˴£Ҳϲú͸֮̾С
ܿҪóɹˣǲ˽ȥϾʥĹĹ˰Ϣĵطô׽ģغɱӦûУХɨһ۳˷ܵˣһЦ
ҵϣ켸ǰ棬ǱĹ֮еɱʡģһ켸ˣص
һʵᣬǴĶ֣ȴЩìܣХ۾Ƴһ죬
ìܣ˻⣿⣬ʵ


715 
Һڻɱ֮Уȴֲôȥ˵ǲǺȻϣԼĵȥХ̾
ʲôˣұ˭㲻Ϊɱѣֻǵս࣬սһ㣬޷ɱԲŻ뷨ƲƲ죬ХĻǱġ
Լĵ˶һЩŵʱ䣬⻹𣿡Х粻Ϊ⣬ƺΪԼһߡ
Ҫϻ˾ͲˣƲƲ죬ҴûһˣֵĿ־Ѫ˷ܣ͵İοһԣҪ˵ôУ
ٺ٣˽ңҲһ𳤴󣡡ХһЦ漴ɫָȻһ۾ɷ˴ģӰǲɶõţҪȡ֣ǵõһҲУ
ߣȡеı֮󣬿˵ĵҲᶨ˵ĳ룬ܴ𣿡ɫ΢
԰ɣܶύô㾡һһ˵Хеɱεͷųص˳߲
ݣͷ뷨һ£ȻΪãôͳ׵ػǵʵɲǸˣǵĹϵ
ߣĲģǧַŪǣХҧͳصӸ㶨飬ұ㲻˫ȥΪӱʹ
ţİɣǼǲΪãҲΪǵĶ֣Ϊ޷Ķֵģͷ
ʱ򣬲ֹХڰţһʶ޵ҲĵţͬĻ⡣
ƶһһʶҲ뷨Ϊã㽫
кľˣ֪ԼģŬ󣬲̵ʱѾʮ·ߵĲˡ
ʣöͭǮһ·ߣǱԳˡ

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а߰ʮ
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һۣͷȻͬʱ˲֮Ǳ㵽ĹҴſڡ
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ľͷɫޱȵأףҡ¡
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˲䣬һɷ˴ҲһΣְܿǲóһ۵·ߵʮöͭǮˡĽ֮УûӰ
һͨ˵Ұ֮У󣬳ɹزóˡ
˸оɷ˴ǹϢȫɢˣĵطĸоһ
ܿ˵ɫֱˣһƬ
ǰˣĹдɱľɫ԰ףԪķѲ٣ʱЩɹʱͻȻĹдһɼǿ·һǿۻʽһ㣬ֱֲѹǵꡣ
߼治һ㣬ĹҶɱõ𣿡ҲɻѣΪ˷һЩѪҲСĹеĿֲϢѹס˺ֱɫףóһѵҩ£ġ
ľҲɣͬһЩ˲ҩȻ֮ˣˣ
˲䣬˱ȿֺس嵽ǰǶսһŭȺ˿϶ӵųУʱ˵󷨵Ĳá
˭Ӿͺ䱬Դս˲ͷųǿƣŭĿӣɨһ۴ӵһߣɱӳ
Ⱥʱֹסǰͷ˿ŰԵĶս죬΢䡣
ֲҵģ¸ѵսĹ֮𣿡ȺһȻ·һī֭νȪһ㣬ɢȽϵͳıԹ֮
սɫһ䣬һһأ¡һ˸о涼һ¡
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ʱֻսŭһĿ罣ֱȺ˲ѹ˹ȥ
ô˵ȴҳϣһȺ󱲣Ȼ㲻ӾͰ㾾սһԳӰ֣һ磬˲Ⱥ۾һ龳۷ߣɱ糱Ҳԣֱӻȭ˹ȥ
ɫ䣬ֱˣҪܿսĹ
ԭΪнٵߣҲ˵սӦԷ֣ϣȴ
Ȼ龳۷ߣǣսȣǲ಻һ㡣
ԣԶսĹֻܶܡ
ǣȻ߿Լսٶ̫ˣҲֲ̫ٶǰƺ˼֣ۿǿֲȭͷ˹æ֮£ҲԼȭͷתԼȫԪ˳ȥ
䡭
֮УսǰԵһȭֱӽ˺ʮɣԼҲԷ裬ͣ˽Ų
ҲֻһͶѣϢֶˣ˹ȥӣҪ¾նɱˡ
ʱЩ˽ս߲ŸܵİԵײУֻһ仰ҪնɱԷ
ǣֻ֪˿Ƽ򵥵һ仰ȴҪսߵĶ棬ǰػġ
ս׷ɱˣȻҪЩСǣǧҪ
˵֮³Ѫֹͷ飬ֱͬ۹Ҳˡ
ɫüΪңҰһƬսûз׷ɱɫӵѿˡ
̫
վһѴ󵶳֣߸߾𣬵תȫԪŷĶսȥ
ߣ
սһһսꪳС
˲䣬Ʊÿޱȣ·һֻһ㡣
ԳӰʵޱȣʮɣݡ
𡭡
ŶսĴһԳӰҲ񱩵֮У·Ǿһ㡣
һЩߣԱһɰԵ׵˳ȥһЩ˷³Ѫ
˵Ĺƣֲһסˣ˵ǶݵɲǣڶսУѾ㹻ʱˡ
սꪻûһ޴Ӱ·ҪոѣҪټĹĹ룬ֱնˡ
һɲʱ˵ĹƼӣǣսȣȴ˺ܶࡣ
ײһʱ򣬶սӰֱĴ󵶣Ԫ֣˲佫֡
䡭
һһ۳˵ϣԪɢʱ򣬳˲ˡ
ﬡॡ
Ĵ󵶵أ۾ɵϴ󣬱ųƣֵؿǰ
ۡۡ
ȻһϢֱ֮£һΪʬ߲࣬ʬм䣬һĻۡ
һ֮һʮޱȣ˵սľ
ۣ·ǻǵϣЩԶս첻ΪߣʱȴɫҰס
Ҫ֪ղҲ˸áˣսɱôһۣû


716 ڰĹ
ս첻мؿ˲ʬһۣϵĿռָҲǰѴ󵶣ȻɨһΧߣ罣Ŀ⣬ֱ˵࣬ʹǲԽ˺˼
ߣ󱲣ս첻мһӰһɻԭء
һʶ˿˾ɫ쳣ء
սһʶֻԹȻһС
һʶսǳвԼĸ֮һ
սꪶս죬Ȼ鴫սҰɫȻƺЩǣ
ȷʵǿսԸͰԵƣǿֲޱȣⷽ洦ƣǽսĻɣХɫأɱ⣬
֮һ֪Ƿʵü
Хɱ΢ɫһ䣬ӦʵɣǿѪ֮ӦúǿӦò½ϵɣ
˵Ժɽ˵мΪֲĴʥˣҲҿսϵϢԳһ
ԳһȺжǰеĹˣХüͷһ壬ǿƣȻȲҵȣԣһϣҪ罫ɱȻǽսֶΣȻ֣
ţеѣǵĵˣע޷⣡ʺʵضΪ۵·ʯܾնòȻɱҲӳ
ҲҪɱ֮ˣХɭһЦ
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ХҡҡͷĿǰʵֻһʸ׼죡սҪĻֻùˣȻĹУᱦҪ֪ǿѵģ
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սһ³ĺսޣǼһ֪ˣرٵۺС˵ǻ᲻ֱ϶ս죿Х΢̣ЦЩɭ䡣
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䣡壬ϵıôǾͱٵˣХЦһֻõϵĶԽս϶Ȼвܣ
ţЩֻǵģɨԶһۣǵõϵĶǹƾͿٵһսʵˣ
Ҳôģµúúüƻһ£Хͷ⣬ɲҪҲҪ𣡡

߰ɣӦûʲôΣգȥս쿴һĹңͨķ϶ֻһƬʶĶ
ֲ֣ܿϢĹҲ򵥣üͷ΢壬
ԶǵȻϾʥĹӦʥ˵Ĺ餣ʥʬǧ겻ʥҲģ
һ˵еǰȻһЩ
ʯŴ򿪵ʱǱоеĿֲѹоɷ˴ڣ˲ѹǣﻹǱȽǹϢǿ
һ뵽Ǹ߼˺ܾˣеҲƽһЩ
ǿʥҲ˷ģȫԸӦûжΣա
ǣɶսͷһͨУҲһʶҲ⡣
ˣս˰ٶˣɷ˴ɱ˰ٶˣڻŵģҲֻһٶˡ
һٶˣȫվͨлԵӵ˵ٷոյ飬໥֮˾룬ԣһЩ˻վ⡣
ǲ̽̽·һʶ޵е˵
ˣǱվ⣬ˡ

ǿϢѵʥ˵ǿֲ
켸ߵʯǰʱ򣬽ԶظоǹĹдĿֲƣʱɫ䡣
Ȼʥ˰ƣ׼ʥҪǿٱ쿮̾һȻʥǿǾͷĸʬɢҪֲܶ࣬ҲֻǸоļ£ûӰ쵽ж
н֪˼Ҳܹ׼ʥƣʥȣǲɲһ㡣
ХʸеʥϢȣҲܴĲࡣ
ƣ߼ǰܿһʥкڵĸ֡
һʬ嶼ˣʥˣ֪жǿ̾һһ뵽Լ龳ǰ·ңԶ
߼ǿȴɥ֣֮ɴ˿ɼʵжֲƣ±߼Ҫǿ
һ뵽ԼʱΪĿ꣬оѹ
ʥľ磬ÿ˵ľѾͨ쳹ˣ豹棬û˻ͷųԼսɫȻսУֿǿֲơ
ԶͷԺһЩϹоϺͨ࣬·ҡҡλΣнľʵǶѾ˷豹ľ磬Żˣϧʮûлῴ¶һ֣
һ겻ѣȺԺĴԺлʥ˴ڣٵȴҲֻеۻ򣬶ɢޣȴûʲôǿֻ̨Լĵҩȥϵ
ľ֣ôɫ׵ľ
ãֻԪľ޴󣬶ʱѻָȫľҡҡͷһԼϢ
óһСƿԪ˹ȥҪ̫˿
ľһ㶣Ҳʣ÷вע⣬ĵطһö
˲䣬ɫһ䣬ָȴ𾪲ѡ
ûùԪΪʱľ磬øԪЩ˷ѣȽʺٸԪȻԪǿ֮
Ȼ͸ĸԪ֮ǰЩҩȵģƷʣѾļʶ
أ򿼫Ҳ֪ĵҩƷʣΪľٶ
ñ֪ľһƿ鲼ƵĸԪľûʲôô
ô죿ǲһۼˣ
ɣȻˣȻҪȥʲôֻҪСľУսǰǰڿռ䣬Ƚȥ
˵꣬һʥС
ûгɣȥأ򿼫˻ľҲС
У֮󣬽˴֮ڡ
ʱ߷ûгɣѸٳš
һʶХˣҲǽ˽С
ĹҵģǾؿպŮӣһɣȺĹҡ


717 ʬ
үģոߵҲ̫ˣԸҹ⣬ҲĹңѾǲӲʹڰУһӵ룬˵ǱȽϰģս״˺ڰеļž
ոߵıȽϲڰɣ㿴ĹԺʯɣĹҲ̫ˣʶ޷̽⣡أ򿼫Ҳˡ
˵עһ㣬ô˵Ҳʥ˰ϢĵطǾͲȻҪ֪Ĺпкܶڵģ飬˵߼Ĳл껹أԶƺѶˡ
һڰе߽Զ˸Щ˱ð亹е
˲ô飬Ƕս죬ֱһģոߵ˵һʥˣƷҲզģǴ֮˵ִոߵǴ֮𣿡
֣ô֪߼治Ǵ֮ˣľЩɻʵ
٣⻹˵㿴ǸĵУ֪ŴģΪ֣ĺӦúǽȥǸոߵľԲʲôˣս޺޵ص
⻰úܶ˶̲ѣҲ˳սһĹ۵㡣
Ÿ߼һѪѪǸ߼ϰģ󱳴˵е׷ɱӵ˴Ĺģɴ˿ɼ߼ȷʵʲôˣˣӦûʲô˵ˣȻ÷䳾Ը߼ҵ˽⣬ȾҪһЩ
˵ʱһȣ˲ʵ
죬𾪲ѣ÷䳾ĻŲɡ
֪Ѱ÷䳾˵Ϊʵ÷䳾˵
СһЩûܿвлĴڣңһƬʲôɱ֪ôģѵ
ʲôл꣬ǧȥˣʥˣûʥķҲԵֿµʴңط֮ôŨɢˣأ򿼫
߼浽ôģҪ֪ô˵ҲһʥǿߣȻʵ
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Ǳɱģ÷䳾ľȺش
ɱȥ˭ôͣȻʥɱˣս쾪Ȳѣ
ͨԳһǿޱȣͬ޵Уնɱʥпնɱģľ֪һЩԵɣ٩
սҡҡͷֹ϶ڣҪĻĹ¶ˣҲʲô
һв죬̾ͨԳһǿ
ӦǴ˵еΪɣ÷䳾˼һ
ˣ˭Ȼɴ˵ˣսһ㶣ɻѣʵ
ǿϹʱϵİһͬ޵УͨԳһǿ߻Ҫֲǧȥˣ½ֻĴ˵Ŷ˵÷䳾Կ̾гĳ֮⡣
˲䣬ϾֻһһѾشŵġ
ȻٶУûһ˸˵Լͬ޵УҪ˵Ǳ幫Ϊһˡ
죬Ҳ˵Լͬ޵УΪţûЩˣ¶һЩһĴڣڷḻԴ£гԽԼŴڡ
ʱһǸبĴɣнп
˭ľˣҪǸʲô񣡡أ򿼫Ҳ÷䳾һϯ𺳵ˣɻ
˻ӦԵˣԲǾ޵Уֻͽˣ
һ˵֣ڰе˼һͷˮط֪񡱵ģֻ졢Զأ򿼫ɱͲڤ
ǵ˭أ򿼫üͷ壬˰죬ɫ΢䣬ɵɣ
˭ûشԶѾʵˡ
˭ͷ˭Ϊ壬ʶ𣡡أ򿼫ռУʡĸغ˵ġ
һٶˣв˲֪ʶ˭Ϊ̫ˣǵʱԺһʱڵȴ֪ġ
ŵġ
ڹżпߴӳǿе֪ŵʱһΪֻǸ˵Ǻ˶׫ǿߡ
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һ˵ʣмȻ֮״ȴҲ΢΢ͷԭ
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˵Ǵţҿźģľڤ۴͸ڰɨһΧ̾Ҳֻоʣ
Сʱֻǵ۾Ϊնɱ߼ģԶ̾
磬˵ֻһο䴦֮ս¿ǿʥˣ˵һδεԽɱ֮нģҡͷϸػŷ̨ϵǵӰʱѪҺ
ˣעҪΪһʱĽн̾һоԡ
ߣǼδ֪ĴڣѾȥǧ꣬ͻһgˣõʧˣҲֻм˻廳ҿһ˶ѣûʲô˲ģХ˲˽Ⱥʱͷһɫˡ

ҲĻ
һʶһʡŵʱ򣬶ľѣХ磬ȴȫ˵еľ
ӦʱȻʵʱЬ䣡أ򿼫쳹ںڰУŨŨĲм֮⡣
ߣɾ˵ˣû׼أҪ֪ʱܶܳľ޽еĴʱߵˮƽ϶мߵһˣһʲôʵʵҲХ粻Ϊ⣬ƲƲ
㣿С˵Ĵ󻰣˼ʿԿԽһ󾳽ɱУնɱ龳𣿡أ򿼫Цһĵص
һ˶ĬˣХҲûнӻʱʶ˲ࡣ
ʵ龳ǰڵһս֮ߣֻбɱķݶ
ǣڴ֮ߣжٿԽ׵ۻ֮ʥ˾أ
ǿԽ׵־ģһͬһţХֻսƽһ龳ǰڵߣЩţͬ磬ʤԿ϶
ХĻǿ֮ԣֻΧ˰Աһضѡ


718 һƶϴ
ԣҲȥƽХĿ֮ǣʵĴ֮С
̵ģڵϹģô߰ƶŽŲսЩͷˣֹ
ľǰһ󲽣ļˣ
˲䣬˱ôһˣľڤۣ֮ڰסߡ
ûгɣľĽŲУƬ֮󣬵ľ̤һ߸ߵĽϵʱ򣬡һΧͻȻ֣ڰ˲䱻ȥֻٶɵʯϣٸͷϣҲʮŵ̨ͨĹҵĲö˵ǰ
ٶɿǽڵĵطมʯĹҵм䣬һĴ̨Χɱͷ̵ĴеǸ̨һ
˸սĹҵʱһж·𲻴ڣǣʱ˶о˴е
ڴ̨ĺ棬ʮ˺Χͼ̵צѪ
ڿʯĵطʯţʯŵʱ˵ѪҺˡ
ֻ˲䣬ǵϲñˣ֮Ǿ塣
ΪԶԶؿˣڴľͷһ߸ߵĵ̨̨ϣһɶ೤ߵİɵδ׶֮ͬۻʵһ㡣
δϷǽǶһȭͷĹʶĿӣʹâ˸
ʱδϣȴһӰ»һ㣬˫ַŰ֣Դ΢΢£·˼ʲô
ɢһľϢ·Ҫһ㡣
ǣ˵ؿڣȴһѪѸɺԣ಻֪ȥ
˿һĻһ
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˿ֲ
ɢϢһ𳬼ǿߣĹˣ߼档
ɣɢʥȴ˸оһѰѷĵӹϡ
˵ĺѾˣɫҰһƬƺԵֿѹ
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ʥ˵Ŀֲ
һ˿Ϣƺɱһ֮µߡ
𾪵ǣǸ߸߼Ĵڸֲ
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ǿһʥ˰࣬Ƕôֲֶΰ
ңϸ۲ʬõؿڵ󶴣ƺû˺ۣ˵ɾȻǱһģûл֣򶷵ĺۼûС
˳ˣ
ֱǾ׵飬˾Բ鷢
һʥˣ޻֮رնɱǾ֮š
˻֪˭ĽҲڲ²˭˸߼ࡣ
ԭвΪǾʣǾԲţ߼ǰûл֮
ԣΪˡ
ǣȴǷ쾪ˡ
߼ؿڵǸУһ˿ֲɱ¾ϢϢϤɱȭϢ
Ȼ˿ڿһץɣȭצûʲôͬĴѣһбץ˸߼ࡣ
Ǻεȵʵ
Ǻεȵķˣ
߼ʥ֮ջʵ޵֮ˡ
ݴţʱ꣬ӦǴ֮ѣľ磬ȴ˲ɱһʥˣѪҺҷ
ܿ죬ƽϢе궯ɫ
һΪֲĳͬϤȴǼɵ
ڸ߼ʬıǸδϣһһɵ·һץ֮ɣֱӺ䴩δͺʯڣкɢһϢնɱͷֺ֮Уǵٻ
ɣǺһģһֻһΣ첢ûκٻ
ǣˣﻹǳ˾衣
ĿֲԼС֮أСģٲ
ϸشǰľãʥʬ·һػߣԼǸĺ赲Ľ룬赲ӡ
Ҳֻʥʹɣ
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һӰԶʯңǷ·𿴵гɶѵĵҩ似ͱĹ˵ĴС
ȥȺһ湻ģԳˮƽˣҶȲϣӹһӰս۾ɴˣ̾ѡ
Ÿ綯гԣҪȺһｫĹ֮ˣأ򿼫ʹһƶս죬һʯҡ
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ҲȥɣȻͰһˣҲˣƺʥʬмּɵĳֱʡ
нһ£ŵʱ򣬶˴ݲкΪҪ˼ֻ̫࣬ҪȥΣյģ
ʱһ㲻ٹ˼һԶʯҡ
ʵ֪ӵƻһ˲ĹеΣѾˣʯûɱٶߣɲһ֡
ﶯģɱ˶ᱦ£Ѿżˡ
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ǸȽϿʥʬʯңʥѹȣѡʯҵ߷ǳ٣ǰеٶҲʥʬѹסˣˮƽһ㶼ʩչ
ȴʥѹȣ缲磬գۼѾʮɣϢ֮ԽǰˣһʯңֻСʯǿԥһϢʱ䣬룬ûӰ
ʱԶʥʬʯУҲ߽롣
ʲôʱʵǿռƣŮӵһߵʯңؿХ󣬶һʶȴѡұߡ
֣ȻЩжϿ죬ǣȵʯҵģЩš
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Ȼϣ˼˽Ƶ鼮֮⣬
үģ⡭ôסˣ֮󣬲ŷŭµ
ô˵ҲǸʥ˵ң˵беװΰɣĹѶ簡ոߵģʲôԹ˼䣬쿴ǰܣ
ȻĹбѻɽĳûлǣҲδһƶϴľ
˼ϸߵĹż֮⣬Ѱ˵Կ
ȻˣôҲһЩ˵ǰ⼸żʲôš


719 Χս
ĻǻοһЩϾ似ļֵԹģһʥ˵ĲƷȻǷ
ಡಣ
Ȼȥʱ򣬷һ죬ӰʯУһƶϴʯңɫһ䣬漴Ĺɱһ뿴졣
죬Ĺ֮зݣ㲻ܶռ㽻ɣȻǲˣХ۾΢Уʸ֣ص
һʱм죬ֽŹģʮϢͽʯеıＸˣҲ㹻θڳ²УǹԹԽбｻɣǶ֣
үıﱾһƶϴӻûأôԩоԼոߵİһЩŭ
һ죬ҲǱ֪һƶϴֻɲһбֻһʱͽڴҧһѡ
ϾʯдɢŹžɵζ޻ҳȴҲûб˶ĺۼȻǱûʲô
˶ĲΣһ۾ͿԿԣѸתĿ꣬ϡ
Ʊˣһ˱ҿɶأҽĿռָǿ𣿡ХЦһ£һڸոոϵߵλǿ˰ɣʯеı⻹˵ãҪ֪ǿǾһģԸó𣿡
ʮ߱Ƚϼɵһ뵽еļɵ׵ˣԶɫƵض죬˵죬ﲻףɲҪ̰зݣǲãЩƽɣλƽʣɣΣ
Զԣ취ԣʮ˲ɣһ˾Ϳһɰˣܻ㣡ߺȵ
˲䣬ʯʮ߶ţԶ̰ض졣
ͷˣﱾʲôҲûҲڣԽԽˣʮӻˣΣıô
͸ãЩ˴ʱʲôǣʹ֮£ʧȥӦежХĹƻ¡ԶһΪ˽ʯеı
죬㲻ҲСͷˣҲôԵֻҪһѣ
죬÷ɶĻٷһɣһɸԼ˰ɣ
죬ﶼףһϣɣ˽˱ﰡ

ʮ˵ĽХһĹɫ죬һı䣬еɱֳؿˣ󺰵𳳣
˲䣬߶Ȼֹʮ˽һ㶣֪Ǻ⣬ΪЭˣҪֱǡ
ֻ۾΢΢ɨһʮˣĿתƵХϣıƣˣʯûҶĺۼǿɱˣҪлˣ
˵꣬˲佫ĿƵʮϣ˵ǹʹȻ֪ôģ
Ļʮɫһͣüͷ΢΢˼֮УҲʶ̽ʯеİ裬ûбĺۼ
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죬ҶڲۼһЩӦúףХһЦûκζǿĿռָģ˵ǲͼĿռָģ
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ߣһǽͣɱǣע⣬Ҫ֣αôأְɣ
ʮɫһ䣬͸Щ죬ͬʱһ뵽ǿֲ׵ս󱳲˵ε亹
Х磬Ļ۾΢΢һУ˵Ҫ̱ˣ
첻мƳһۣʲôù˼ǣǵ棬ռҺΣûбҪڣ
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ˣѾľϴ޵е״̬ǵĴڡ
˵ĸоȷʵܲܣʮˣʱûʯеĶͷβһֱƶıƣ뽫˵Ķ档
֪ҲûдΪǾ赽ˣ˵սǿҲһһ£ǿɲʮУ컹һİԵǿ
ԣҪ֣ѵһѱ죬ǵϡ
о˵ɱЦһְɣ
˵꣬һǹ˲֣˵Ʊ÷ޱȡ
úúãҶ̱ҵսʮ֣֣΢̣ô˵ҲͬеٮٮߣôܱأԺľͻƣ
˵ţɨһʮߣλѣǿɲܱ˵İʧȥϣǵû
˲䣬˱ŷǿҵսɱ⣬˵챻סĻǵĵĻһԺҪͻƸߵĲΣǲˡ
ֻнնȥϰͷͨˣŻ󻼣ٳ߸ͷһ
֣֮Ͳɱնɱ죬ߵĸԶХо˵ܵһߵ㣬㳹׵ȼ˵ߣһʸзɼ£ɱȥ
˲䣬ʮҲ֣ɱ죬ֺ
ҲսֳֵһѺɫĹ󣬱ʸСһЩ˶зļУĪ⣬ƺһʥֻЩҲûлŵϢ
һʮˣǸ֣սǿҲ˵Χ֮С
ʯҵĿռС߻߽սֲܷſֽţ˵սҲܵһ̶ȵӰ죬ʩչǿ似ȴˮõԴǹ
תۼ䣬ʮغϹȥˣڼǹĺۼѪɽȴ
Լ˫ȭѵ֣Ǳ˺ˣǿǿ󣬿Ѿˡ
ƣûƣĶ־糣˿ɵ˵ǹһ˵龳۷ߺɱȥ
ɱ
ը죬ͻɽ赲ǹ糤۾һ㣬ֱȡԷüġ
˾ɫ䣬ԴһƫһֲɱУ;Уǹһѹ˲ǰ壬ۡһֱӴ˵Ŀڣ͸

λ֮һ˲ҽһɫɷһƬţҪǹԽԽʹ֮ʧ
λķΧλһЩϵΪ
֣֮ϵ蹬֮ԴУϵﱻƣ˲ȥתֻصĻᶼûС
е˵࣬ĸԴһ
౻ƣɣֻת౻ƣ֣֮ˣĥĲ겻𣬿Զתֻء
౻ƣβʱ㲻䣬Ҳ޲
٣ȱ壬𣬼սҲԷӡ
µ˵µ˵壬ϢϢأԴȪΪעض
ڵߣѾ˳ʷ̨ǱȽ׳ɹķ
ԣֽߣԪֹֻϵ֮м֮
ߣ౻ǹ̴ԪвʹӰǣǹһ˿ǣ
Ȼǲܵģ
ֻǹУ͵һǹ
ء
ѪɽըѪѪʯУˣǶΪأ೹ױ٣鵤ҩĿܡ

ҽһʬҵǽϣûȥ껹ڣ·ҪʬԶ˵أѰһᡣ
ǣĻ⣬ָ΢ָ˲ʩչֻ࣬òҽһǵ껹ûȫ蹬ɢˡ
Ϣնɱһˣսľרעڻɱһˣǽյ֣֡
ץסᣬɫĹֱĺġ
ȻǣƵʥ·ľͷײϣֻо΢һ£ԴǼɫĶ



720 ʸ
ɫ䣬ôҲû뵽ȻǼԼʥԴƣһ׼ʥ
ıֲȼƿ޷˺ֻǿڲһ˿ʤ㡣
ǣֲ˹Ҫشڳ˵Ρ
һֻǹȡ׼ˡ
һȻûд̴ȴǴݵϣû˺ۣʹȴǺܾңĶ˲һ͡
ʱ˹ɫ΢䡣
ֻһ龳۷ߺХ磬ֱһһҺԴҪƪӶΣǲеģֻ½ǰƲܱܿ
˵Ĺܿ죬ĹҲڼ̵ʱ˾ƾһ˵ȭͷԼıϣֱǰɹȥܹ˵
ǣ˵һȭ㣬һ˿Ѫ
ˣ˵ûʲôӰ죬ĻָܿͿиԭ
Ҳ˾ӣսǿ޵еģһɱһȺȴпնɱ
ĨȥǵѪнһһӰ˲˾Լ龳۷ߣǹǿԵƥ
ɱ
ֳһ˫ﵣ˲Լɫ䣬˫ﵣֵǵֲǹӰ
䡭
ǣֲ̫ԴûǹӰ˫ﵣϣɣصҵǽϣѪһء
ȻѾشˣȴͫоǿ־壬վԶԶܿ죬һѵҩ
ֻһ֮󣬲ûȥ˼ˣϾԷԶм仹ߣѾԶ˷ڶιˣֻתĿꡣ
˭Լȹ˭ԣеǹǰ˹ȥһʮڵ߳Ŀꡣ
Ҳ൱ոջ֮û͵ϮǣĽս̫ḻһ֮תĿֻ꣬ݱܷâ˿ˡ
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ɫѿ֮еĳɣ͵ؾ赲ǹĺ
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˾ǰҲڽµҩˣͬʱת֪ͣڴʲô⡣
ٴλһˣȻĿֲ嵽ˣˣ죬ֻӲͷƤսңҪӳʮɵսȻһɵģпԼʱ˭֪Լ᲻ֱӻɱأ
ƶɫΪأսԽãǾͻԽԽ˽⣬𽥿쵽жôֲֻĲж
ǴʱѾȫ϶ǿٵۺСһĳǿߡ
ͬʱҲʯңռ̫СˣʵԽǿԽѷǿ似ǵʥԶսƣսĻʸ˶ãƻδᱻɱǶ
սսһ·磬֣һֱѹŴġ
еĿ࣬ҲֻԼ֪
սǵǿ첻ǽս֣ķ͹ֲܿһֱڳ԰
꣡
׼ᣬǹ˲һߵұۣ˹ͷҲֻƺһǹѸٺ˼Ȼֳˡ
֪ΨһһնɱĻᣬȻȳȥˣֲ̫࣬ޱȣȺ׷ɱϣ
ԣƴˣҲҪ
ƶػɱԼ֪ȺѾ˱ɱ֮ģԣĽ
ȻɱǾɱɣ
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˲䣬ɱ¾⾳ϢӶڻ㣬Ӱţ˵ӳϽɫΪʯеΨһۡ
ֲǹâ˲䱩Űɱֱһ龳۷ߡ
ɫΪأд󸫸߾£䲻ƶˣȴҲ˾ǿߵķ緶
䡭
һֲ籩ϯʯң˶УȻֱɣײǽںϡ
һʣ䲻ȴҲӰս֣챻嵽һǽǣվƽϢǹ𣬺˾Լһ˵ߡ
Ҫ
˾һԵĳæ赲
ǣѾˣǹֱӱܹ˳üģһ˲䣬ȥһˡ
һ֮󣬻֣磬ٴα˾Լһǰǹ͵¡
ﬡ
еĳ¶նǹĽ֮
Ե˻ѿۣȴֻܼ֣֣һֵĻǹԴϡ
׼ƶ֮ʱֱ߹ӰһʩչӰΣԱܿ
ء
Сһţֱܴӱ߷ˣڶǽϣɫҰף˺üѪ
㡭úݰ
ؾָ֣ŭһģȴյһֱָüġ
˲䣬һ龳۷߱ɱ
̶̵Ϣʱ䣬˱У˾岻ѣԭƸ۵ƣƺˣ˲
ȴһõĻᣬٴγһʮڵߣˣǳսġ
ۿǹҪ˵ͷ­ˣɫ˲䣬һëȻĸоͻأס˸ս
Ҳû룬ܵһơ
ಣಣ
ǣѾЩˣӰͻȻϮһԪɵĿֲӰͷƤͷһӰȴǻգһһ糤˺ۣɫѪ˲˳
ֲܿĹ岻ƫԪʸֱԴݻʶԪ
ǡСС룬ȴһ
յʱȴûзɣһ˲ֱ任λá
䡭
ոմŵĵطһɺѿ˲ɢֻһ֧ɫĶ̼˵ĺʯϡ
վʱ򣬱㿴Х׼Լ
ǰԪʸХʸģ֧̼еǰѺɫĹ󷢳ġ
Զ˵ƼһʥΪӰ󣬺пܱеѡ
Ǿյһ֣ɱܵϣֻбնɱĽ
ȻˣҲֻ͵Ϯ֣̫ܵҪϮѣػ


721 ʬ
Լıɱܹˣ˵ɫѿ֮ʱѾǹɱˡ
ûлˣߣХһ˿ʣɱ˿һ˲䣬˻ӰʯҵſڣתۼûӰ
ĿֲһջأֱӺ˲Զһˣһ˵龳۷ߡ
ӣǹӰ˾һȴ޷ֱܿӱǹӰ֡
⻪ɢȥֻһ⡣
༸Ҵ߼ƣһ˿֮ɫ˲ԶǵʯţҳɣҲƵӴܶ
Ѿɱ⣬ˣôУ
񣡡
һǹû޴ǹӰ·ռʯңżɱļ˺˳ȥ

ҽ𣬼ӰԱ˳ȥеʯ֮⣬һȴʯűأء
ţҪȴһת㿴Ǳӡ
ҪɱңҪɱңţҶԸ⣡˿ధȫ̬
Щ£ˣûлͷ·֪ʱαص˼䣬ǹһ˲˵üġ
һ龳۷ߣ˲

³һʯеļʬ壬΢ؿ̾һ¡
һսǳѣնɱʵʵ£ڲصʱпܱΣգǵطԼƶ˷Ųֽţֲʱ򣬵ڵϵĻ
ǸղŶ˵ɱˣԼʵǿ󣬶̫ã
¼öҩ˸ʬϿõĶȻߵǰǱ˽ƵĹܣ̾
ʯҼսƿֲԱ⣬ǣȴûκӰ£ɼ䲻֮
ϵǼżɾϣսμңҲѳ˯ǡ
ǹץһż
ˡ
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ǳͣûһ㱬ҵϢ
һ˿ɫٴץȥ˲䣬ǹֵ˳赲ż
һΣȴͷʣ˳ɵܿ㴩ǲ
ܺãƺһЩ޵Ƥɵģ֮󣬿Ǽϵ֣˲
ˮӼǡ
үģӰ칤򣬲ڹŹһ⣬ľôŭˣȫ˱ıԵ
ôõĹżԭΪһص䣬˭֪Ȼһˮġ
ϰӣǿⱾ飬ԼѰĿİɣһ˿ɬⷭ˼£ʲô֮ͬ㽫ϣȻץһ
ϧԽԽʧɨ֮ɫΪѿݺݵؽϣݶոߵģҲ㱻ɱ㾹ȻղôôҲһʥˣͲóݵĶ缸ǮһѵҪװ𣿡
żȫǼطˮĹ֮ģ˵ʱûʲôʵüֵټ磬ûжõ
ˣˣӾͿˣεؿ̾һһӣżȫս˿ռָȻͷɥ߳ʯҡ

ٶ߷ӵʯңãʯȻвһеıЩǱȽϵùбɱʲôҲûеõ֮һ
ǣÿһ˶ʯеıеʲôֻЩ֪ˡ
ȺȴֻһˣʯҺ޸оһ˲䣬۾ͽضŵ̨ϵǾʥʬһϣȻ¶˴δйĳȺ̰
һҪõһҪʥʬҿɽ⻯Խʥĥ𣬲ʥʬеĴҵģ鼤·һƵģ׳Уʥʬȥ
УʥʬΪģʥУԽʥʬʥԽǿ
ʥ˵ֻҪʥʬһľ룬ôֻã̫˻ᱻѹֻһЩʻ߶Դ߲Ż᲻
ǿȻЩеһ֣ԴȺдڵڶΣ⾳۷壬ֻͲн
ԣܱһЩʥʬĸ
ʥʬȻȾͷǵ׼ʥʬǿܶ࣬ʥʧ̫ˣƺĪƻȻҵΪֻվҵλãŰʥʬͷףüͷ壬˼֣ôļµĸоأʥʬȥǧˣ˵Զôأ
⣬һֱϵĸо·һСĻᱻ̳ˡ
ʥʬջ̫գۼĪΣС
أƶ˾̨ʮɵĵطʥʬʮɣ룬ƺѾǰеļˣֻͣ
ֻˣԭ԰׵ɫʱԵףǲ˺飬ӣ˫־ףԶʥʬ˹ȥ
ȥɣ
ಣ
Ϣƽȵطɵʥʬ֮ǰʱ˫ʮָջдʣƺ
Ϣ֮ͻȻɢһʥΧеİ׹֡
գ
ֻһ׼Ʒ׼ʥ磬ʱȷȷʵʵɢֻʥеϢ
һЩȻע⵽һ㣬̾ѣɻ󲻽⣬ʱ׸Ǵ󿪣һµͼƳϷͬԶŵͼһ㣬ɴСɢ貵Ľ⣬ʥʬ֣ƺҪС
ͼƣãȻ⣬һЩȴϳġ
ʥƣ
ͼʥ׭̳Ĵͼģͬһ׳ΪʥƣҲ˽ʥͼ
ϵͼƣһʥƣ׵ʥƣƺ̺һֽӽڿռ䷨һЩ塣
ˣ
ǣ벻鷢ˡ
ϵʥһ֣ƺʥʬʥ֮䷢սʥ֮ս
ʥҪʥʬ֮УʥʬȴҪʥ֮еʥʥɢ
ֻǣֲֿ࿹֮£ױɣʥʬҲʥƵδǸͬĥڵĺڰ˹ǰ
⡭ÿֲĶѨ֮ǰûϸ̽죬벻ĸо⵽ͨĪյĲرֻоеǹɾ¼࣬ʹ뵽˱˲ɢ˿־塣
ʥʬΪأһڰ˸оһɼΪ·Ҫȥ
ϣתĿ⣬ʹףȡʥʬ
ǣʱǺڶ֮ӳһŴɢϢʱ䣬㸲ɷΧʥʬף𽥱û


722 һŭΪ
ˣ
ͻȻʥʬƺܵ˺ĳ֣˲ʥƵսʥѹ˺ֹӣеʥƣҲͷųһʥ赲ɢ
Ȼɢ˲һͣɢ
вдֲʥʬĴڣ֪˲󷨣ܵʥʬĴ壬ɻͬʱҲЩԥ
ɼʥʬʱе̰ӿ
ˣʥʬҵöˣõ֮뾡뿪Ȼһӿһ˿˼һ˼ʩʮָɡ
˲䣬ϵʥջ赲ʥʥʬֶȥȫշ
ǣȱʥʥ壬ʥʬ巽ҲתˣٴλɣѸð˳ӣϢ㸲˶ʮɷΧ
ʱ򣬹˸оԼ׵Ŀƺĳص赲ˣá
ãб䣡
˲ԾȫʩΪ˶ʥʬշҪջУ׾ʲôҪ
ǣʩչطȴû˿Ҫļ󣬷·֮һϢжˡ
鷳ˣϢ֮о֮û˿һҲʥͺĿֲ˹ȥ
ɻȥҲԸʧȥף
ܿ죬ûӰֲѹ͸ʴʳ٣Ŀȫǡ
ǣڳһɲǣҵ֮ϵ
Ҳ룬ȫףʥʥӣ׹һ˲佫֮С
ʱѾ˲ȡʥʬˣںд༸Ϣʱ䣬ģֻл
ףʹƬ뿪Ȼᱻɵġ
ǹΣ˲ֵͷֻǣ׵˲䣬ǵʥˡ
ʱǸźһԴĺУ˲䣬ױ֣·һ㣬תۼûӰ
ʱʥʬʧȥʥƵԼٴųʥһֹ˺ӣǺڶڣЩУڻ࣬Ŵӡ
ʱ򣬴ûнʯҵߣޱ𾪵ؿֲһĻг˿־壬ǿ־塣
ǲ֪ʲôȴ֪ǺɫУߣи߽
Щ˲κͣʲôʯұ֮ģȫԺ󣬷Ƶĳ˴
ԤеΣշ˵ز˾
ˣ
׹һӰ뿪ʥĹˡ

һʯңپһѹ֮ϢͷʥѹһĲ·ʲôֲ鼴
ܿ죬˲ԣȻת˶ʯǰ˼սӰ
ƺ˶ʯ֮Уǵõ뿪ˣټĴֻмΧ۵ӰͼսӰ
սļˣüͷһ壬ɫ˲ñˡ
սļˣϤ
Ůӡһʶ޵кͲڤ˵սһŮӼսһʶˡ
ֻһۣµӦŮʯеõʲôܵ˵Χ
ʱľ棬ԣŮһֱڷľأϾˣ޵У
һİܾעпܱնɱ
쿴ŮӣޱȣҲܷңʱȴûԥ
۸ӵŮˣ
һĲؽŮӵԼŮˣɣʹɹȥȭͷһ˺˹ȥ
һϸĵ죬ʱȴûע⵽еĺ
Ѿעʤ֣ȴΪĳ֣ȻŤתΧŮӵɱУ˲䱻߽⣬һ˲סһʶͲڤֻ޵иŮӡ
ܿ죬Ůץס˻ᣬֹס˵Ӱϸ޵С
ΧǼΧ۵߿һĻȵĿࡣ
ǲǷˣ֮ǰҪնɱŮӣôæˣ
԰˵һ֣ӦĶһǰϾ˶ĵˣ
ǲǷˣһԿ֮ãһ
ţԾм飡һʲô

죬ʲô˼Ǻ椶֮飬θɣͻȻ֣˾ŭޱȣ޲ýһһ̳ˡ
ǸҶһëҾͽǷʬغһϵĹƲ֣ͣȭʩչһʶ
̫ûмǴĻŮ֮䣬޵ģΪȴĪҵȣһʶг裬ɱŭɶ
ϻֻҪ빻ˣ˶ѵģС椹ó棡ڤһֳɭ̣Ҫһʶ޵Уһ·ˣɱ˰ɣѾˣѰ
ԣȫֻ֣Ҫɱ죬ǿɾңˣңϵıԱС椵Ҫã޵Ҳˣһ£ô˻նɱ졣
Ȼ֪˲ŹԼҲûŹˣ˵УΧŮһ㣬̡
˵Ҳ֣Ůӣһ飬֮ǰֳޣ׵ȥˣǿ۸ͺܷŭԣһγ֣캱ĲΪֻɱġ
ȥŮӻô룬᲻лԼ᲻ٷһЩʲôأʱֻһ㡣
ӵŮҲҶ
ԣĳ֣һɷŭ֮սĸ֣Ҳоѹ
ֻҪ첻ֹ״̬ʤһǵġ
ģŮ޵еĶսռȡϷ磬Ȼڤһʶļսȴ𽥱ѹˡ
һʶͲڤ֣콥оѹǿˣٸغ֮ھͱնɱˡ
ŮڼսʱȻҲעߵȻ޲ϴ̳ǣΪԼΣ֮УȻҲԭ⿴õġ
ҲֻǲǷű˰ɣ
뵽
սԭս𽥱Զľ棬Ů·硣
ս֪תţź򿿽սļ˸ûвΧ۵ļˣȻͷǹĺȴ֪ǻĺֻһ˵Ĳ
֮ŮӲ¶һ΢ɲһʶȴ˵ز׽ˣԥһ£Ӱƥ
ŮȻоΣգȴһ㣬ȫֻֿʩչİɣϸüĴ
䡭
𵴣Ԫɢһʶһʮ㣬Ůӱɣ˺֮С
һʶʱֻһҪɱŮӣҲ˹ȥ


723 

챻ڤ޵вסԷŮӱһʶɣŭ˫ȭȭʩչ޴Ͻɫȭͷˣŷ֮ѸһʶɱȻ
ǣֻһ˲䣬סˣʱע⵽ΧĺһӶĺС
ɲǼ䣬ɫѿ֮ɢſ־塣
ѹ˲ö룬˺Ůӡ
ʵŮӴʱ״ȽϺһЩһʶֻѣûʲôʵԵ˺
ֹסƣὣ̣һϫһĽԪӶ赲סһʶļٽ
ʮһ
һʶƺʩչ˾ųɵսӰһѾ޽Ůӡ
˵ƣ൱ʱȴһɱ˹˲һʶɫ䡣
һʶǣķȴŮӡ
Σգ뿪
һ㶣ǲ⣬һʶΪ˵ǸΣԼﰵԵһ¡
Ҫܣ
Ůҧ޺޵˵һ䣬еĹȴɽԪײ˲䱬ɢսĶ𿪣Ҳܵ˲ɣԶ˺С
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ʱŮȴֹסƣдżֲ⣬ľٶɻ
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дֲ뿪Ĺ̵ʱŮԣһסֱۣŮ뿪
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Ůٴһ࣬ȴûпС
뿪Σգ
Ļע⵽һ㣬ΪŮӸԼҪٴγֽŮȥ
ʱһʶ˵ĹˣֲʶΣա
˵ɱԼǣˣȴǿԿ϶ġ
ֲܿĹȴҪ˵ȥңŮҲ˵ĺɱΧ֮࣬ΣǱܲһģңǲҲᱻ֮Уǻ·һ

ŭ֮£ʩչǧַ
ӰţϽâ˺ʮɵǰdֹâʹ쿴һ㡣
޴ĳסֲĹȻҲֻһ˲飬˵Ĺֻ˲ͣͣй˹
ŮѾʩչȫֲֵĹͻȻУһΣգԴӦϮϮɱ
죬ȴǱ˶ԷȻֻ˵֮С
һɽѪɫףһΪشˣһ棬ΪǺУȻʿڴ״ΧԼŮӣһʶҲ˰Χ֮С
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ھٴʩչһƴȫͬ
ǿ似Ҫ㹻õ֧ʩչǧַ񼼣ֻǸĸֲȫӳԽͣԽܷӳ
Ȼ̽һЩҲѾգھƣ޷ӳֻʩչԼǿһǿһ
ʩչУеԪ֧ʩչΣǱֳģҲһֱȽǿ龳似ѣ񼼵ľ磬ʩչ
Ҫ֪似ҪչֳĲҲҪľȫ
ʱʩչһ˿ǧַĻ
һߣ״̬£ѣЩ˵ܴ
ʱΪֻƿ˵ĺϻ
Ȼ֪ΣգûѡΨһ԰οǣĵȽ⣬Щ»ᷴһЩ
찵ţϣԼصĵܸԼ
ʩչһеͬʱ˲˶ִϢɱ¾ڰߣɣΧɵķΧһɼΪĿֲϢеŮɫ䣬޺⡣
ǰˣϢ֣˲оʱһ㣬ԼĶҲܵƣͬһɽһ㡣

һ̣ʩչ˷ھʩչ˺ǰչ¶Ľ
ҪȥҪ߽ǰ谭ֻнʹǵĹԼ
䡭
޴ƺ赲˲䱻𿪣ǰһȱڣٶȹ죬Լʱӳȥ
ľɫףڣжˡ
ǣŮӣûɰա
ûж룬ֱһѽŮ˳ȥ
ŮЩ£ľٶ˼άͣƬ̣ΪҪ
ȻԼڰշеʱ򣬲ѹȻԼ·Ǻгڽ
ʱŷ˲ԾоһС֮У̺һɼΪֲ·ԻһС
ס˸ղŵһУոջָɫ˲ɷһƬ˷·Ǳסһ㣬ؿźڰ
һˣһʹ޵ˣȴһ̣ؿϡ
ͳȥŮӣպÿڴˣЩΡ
ʱһʶûʶΧΣգеעϣޱȵؿ
ղô£ط𣿡һʶɫһƬѪֱ磬ڤ޵УǱ


724 
֪·ڤҡҡͷ
޵ɫ䣬ѲҪ״̬ˣ
һɫüΪѿ
״̬ɱ⣡һʶһ˲˼ϵˣҪɱ
ȻʱȴӹŨŨĺУǵĽŲṳ̂㱻֣·һ㡣
ʲô˭ңһʶоһɼΪԵ·һԼ
ĺ޵вҽһ
ħħڤϤϢľ
ֻǼΪݵһ£ûӰ
죬дʱһ˿ϣ
ĵطǰҲǸոտڴ£ĵط赲ڵƿ谭ûˣҪһԣԴС
˹ȥ˺С
Ȼȣû֧ţں֮е·ǵ̶ж
ܿ죬һɼΪԼʶ·ҪռԼһ㡣
ɣɣܾˣ
ɣص֮컯
ɣСϣ㳬㲻𣡡

Ϥٴڶϣȷʵ˸սԭԺǣ˲ѹЩӡУǿֲĴʡ

ŭһ縺ɽǽȭĺڰ
ɣ㲻컯
ɣƹ磬޵죡

ǵٻûֹϢħ꣬켴ǿ󣬵Ҳ˥ʱƣ壬
ʱоԼǿʼģˣǹɹƺԻס
һ˿ƺЩˣֻܴ󺰵Լ
ʩչģʶ쳹
ˡ
·˯һ㣬ٵֿɵˡ
һ仰е˶ˣֻŮ֪˵Լġ
ţܿ˻ӵĺУӻһƬ
һУ⣬֪ô죬˷·һ󲡣ɫҰס
ô£ôô
ÿֲϢⶫģ
Ҹодֲ뿪

ģӰʯеĶǵС
ǸоеĿֲ֮ʱɫԱ䣬ɲһЩ˵ϣ˴뿪˴Ĺ
ٶȲ죬㹻ʱǣ˭Ҳ֪᲻ᷢʲôʣԣ뿪Ϊϲߡ
ˡ
ȻһʥٴӳԺϢ˶ϤǾʥʬͷųġ
һҪĤݵĸо֮ǰҪǿ౶ˣ·ʥ˸һ㡣ʥѹ£һЩʵõߣ˫һֱӹ˵ϡ
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𾪣ľ
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ʥ֮ʬϹŵ󷨣ʬϣбдֲԶɫأ̾
һɫ䡣
ղǼۿ켸˴սߣʱȷǱǺиˡ
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벻ôֲһӾĸŰ
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˵ûǣ̫ճ𣡡

һʶ˵ĴսǼ˻ĿǽȺдҲʧˣˡ
ˣûи
ôأ˭пȥˣ
ǿһδʥ˰ôˣϧϧ
ٺ٣úãˣǱһ·ɽ
쿪ˣӦˣ

벻ˣǿϧĿռָУӦвٺöɣХ翴ʥʬص̾Уȴһ˿ֻɫ
˺ãʡǳ֣ս˵һвʲôܳȥǺ÷һЦ֮ǰĿֲ﷢һʱñһϲ
ϧˣǰǹǵǼ񣬻似ûˣʵǿϧХҡҡͷ
ûʲôϧģã˭òǻһвɨһۣӦһ£ոջ񣡡
ԣҪףХͷ΢΢

׺ͲһۣԶЩ˼顣
𣿡
ҡҡͷţ
ŶΪΣɻ
˲ǧ꣡û˵𣿡׵ؿ˲һۣ
ǻһ㶣漴΢΢һЦ
Ȼһʶαӣ޵ǶߣǸʲôڤһͲʲô͵͵ģһװأҺ޲򣡡׵
Ŷû뵽룡국һЦأ
͸ˣҪˣǲϼ죬ˣ׺޺޵صûôֲĻϣֱûˣ
˰ɣ국ص
㻹һƲƲ죬

ɱ㣡û뵽ȴˣ첻Ըؿտŵ̨ɱȥƺЩʧ䣬ɱ㣬ҵȹ̣ѵ𣿡
漴Ŀ΢ƣХˣǿϧҵˣֻ㣬ʸΪҵĶ֣

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ҲԶҡҡͷˣһģ
ҲֻǱһطѣֶκǻۣܷ׻ͷ
սȭͷգûۿȥûпʬ壬ҾԲ
Ҳ޷нʥʬ
Ҫȥսֱӣȥǣû߼ȴأ򿼫סˣҵʵûϣãȻ£ǣķʲô⣬ֻǲ󳾣ܰʲôɱˣ


725 һ
أ򿼫Ļֻ龳ߣĵطʵһ㣬ʲôҲﲻлᣬǿһǿ߰æһ߰׹ǣҲҪҸõطᣡнɫȻ
˲ʵǶΪѾˣЩֻڰοԼ
ǲҪģдһ٣ľ˫ۿаһ˫ʮָݻһ
˲䣬һ㶣漴ϲѣԵ˻棡
ľͷֻܳЩĿǰǾһľ棬Ǿɱ֮٣ϣģˣ޷ת
ԣ˵ÿﶼһ¡
ȻˣֻϣΪģн΢΢ͷҲˣʱ뿪ˣ
ѪһߵҲˣڶ԰Զɫ΢вٱǿĵˣ
Ȼ԰˵ѪѾˣʱͨѪˣ𵭵ص
Ѫذ˶Ӣۺܣ·߰̾һ
սƲƲ죬ʲôҪԽģӦңͨأǲǴ֮أ֣
أ֮еǸ罻֮أԶһ㶣ȵص
սͷе伮м¼Ϲ֮ʱǾ֮Ųܼ˹ֱͨѪһƬĹأ֮ټ𣡡
ôֲһ۶Ҫүǿ˰أ򿼫ɴ˫ۣһתҵϣҿԿأ֤һľ֮ţ֣֪һ𣿡
飡Ϊֱ㣡ҵ뷨һҲ뿴⴫˵еأǷͨþսǶأ򿼫һͻȻֱоֱð
صĳֲȷп˵ʱͳߣҲп֮ܳԨ֮У˭ҲܹȷλãǴŵĺҲѣľҡҡͷǻǿһͨѪذɣͨѪصӢܣ֤ʤĴڣõֻһ·
ԣľ˵нͷǻͨѪذɣ滹ԡѪǺɱ¾أںأǿӢжǿ
֮Զ͵λȻֲսǾͲŰɣ
ã˸ߺ漴һȺ˴
Ůӿǰյĵ棬·ʧһ㣬ʱҲǿյġ
Ǹ޵ҪӰʱȴЩѹ·ᡣ
ģĵˣһɱģ
һԶХˣɱһȻתȻϴ뿪˴Ĺ

Ժ˻֮У·εĳ˯ٴν˶ξ
˯ǰΣտֲľأξҲò˶٣һ֮磬·ʧȥΪһ鷲ˡ
ֲ֮·ɽеĳһ㣬Ũ֮ƺһħӰǧ򣬳ɱͬһ㡣
֮һɫ֮ûףеıҲ֮ȴһģ
ǵ֮ɳƵͳȴ·˺Źŵһ㣬Χ֮е죬һͷʹѡ
ǳɱֻֿбɱĽ֡
δҲɱ飡
ɱһ⣬ɱ׬
ɱ
һ˺ƺƵϯȺУȭ˳ȥ
Ȼʧȥǣɾ黹ڣһ̹ĳìһȭ˶ԷԴϡ
˲䣬黯֮ɢսС
ʱٴβܿһ֮ɵĳޣбϣֱȡԷԴ
䣡
һΣĿ꣬һȽһˣ֮
Χ̫ˣոĿʱһĴ͸ض
ɫˣĿֲͷȻΣЩֻԵǻһΣȴ̵ᵽĿֲô¸ңôǿ״ʱﻹ˿־壬ŨŨĿ־塣
ʱѲɵͷſ־壬ŻɫգֵɫɢЦһȻص׬ˣ
漴ڵϣˣ
𡭡
֮۾ϤһĻһĳһһ飬֮ǰϤһĻӿͷ
ҲǱɱѵǻþⲻ˼һĻޱȣ·֮ǰһֻǴָоȴַǳʵ૵һΣ
оһα֮ǰһЩûôˣ˫ȭгڷУ϶
һϯ˲ú˼룬ٴξȭɱȥ
սң֮ǣ˫ȭѵ飬оŸ֮󣬱㱻ɱˡ
֮ǰĸоȴһˣ
ϴͺ֮˯֮е۾Ϥ磬ϤϢ
̵ģʲôӲǱɱôֻˣү㲻аô˵ģŭضһйˣϯ飬˫ȭһɱ˾ŸһΣҪɰն
֮ǰͬǣԽԽǿˣ˷ˣȻǲԼĹ似ȴоԼƺԼԼԵһЩ֮·Ǹո⾳ʱĸо
˱仯Ǻ££첻Сİο
ɱ
һγɱȥ˫ȭ֮黯һ֮ɢսϡ
ڼɰնʱ򣬱֮һ֮֮࣬ǰһүģͲһˣģ
ˣʱÿһεս⾳ÿһεĳɱŴǵսŰپʮţǧŰپʮţǧŰپʮţһĻԻݡ
ǣʱȴ֮ΪÿһζԼĿһ顣
үģһң㣡
һֹ֮ˣѾھŴȥˡ
𡭡
֮ٴ𣬾˳˯죬˲վΧһУһѶѼӿͷ
ȥүģҰǾҳˣôһδεظأ죬ûĵĻȥɣĥˣ𣿡Ȳ˼䣬ٴνս״̬һսһη˲٣оԼǰ״̬µ߸˵սˡ
رǣһоԼ⾳һΣȻǰľ磬벽塣


726 
ʵоǺãһԼԳ˼οϯ˷ܵصүģһҪĥǣ
˵ֱ꣬ӳɱȥ绢Ⱥ
һ鱻ɱ֮ɢսϡ
ʵߣ˵սƺҲţսңȴҲѡ
ѾǱĲɸˣѪ˵ĸоʱпܹҵ
һΣԵĵ̫ˣ·ɱ֮һֱš
ⳡԵȵս˺ܾãĽŲ鸡ҡҡλΣ·ʱһ㣬
Ķֻʮÿһӽոոʱս
Ŀ飬гŨŨɱ⣬ǲս⡣
һΣҪսʤĲǵˣԼ
ɱ
һŽŲһγ˹ȥȭͷӶʱģǣ֮ȴš
ܿ죬ʮһϱ˵˺ۣŨŨУʴ
һδεر䵹ȴһδεվϺһһɱ飬ȴҲŶԷ
ңұ죬ңұУ
һȭͷһΪϣ˲䣬ǵ㻯֮
ͬǣЩ֮ɢսϣǱ֮ˡ
ɱ
ս⣬ƣ˾ŵ֮УʶЩģ̫ˣҪ˯Ҫʧ
ǣ֪˯ȻȥȴģҲһֹɱ¾
ҲҪɱҪɱǣ
ͳɳƵ𣬷·عⷵһ㣬ƺһЩȭͷ䡣
֮ǰֻʣһˣʱ죬·һ綼԰
̫ˣվţȫ־֧
Ǻǣʣһˣҿ˭͵ϮңغһŲһᣬʣ飬ֱӽ˵ڵأԷ֮͸ز
˵֮ʱһ£֮ġ
һԴʱ˵ģǣ֮ǰȫȭ֮ϣԴϡ
䡭
ˣķģ֮С죬ȴǵڵϣ۾·ȥһ㡣
ǣˣսϵ޾ӿУγһ޴У죬ȴеģϵת
ڵһڰУһɫĹڰգΧֳһ͸Ӱ·ڤŵһ㣬ϴŲϢ
Χ޾ŲЩѾħ飬צ˹룬ȴӰֵڰ֮⣬޷
Щħ飬һӰͻữɺȻЩɢؾ۳ħ飬Ƿ·Ƕħʹߣǲˣһδε룬ɢɢ־ۣӲ
֮УһӰһɫ񣬵ǣҲƲڲסһЩλ
޾֮۶֮Уϵ֣йžĹ֮С
ϣֵƷ·˹״䣬ޣޣ̬ǧ˫
벽֮·ڽɱ䣬һ
һΣǰ壬壡
ľȻţξ֮е죬޾֮нɱ䡣
δȥֻѻԶѣ˾һ֮ø͸
֮еӰϷ˵⣬𣬷·ĳصı
Ÿֻ𻷣Χת١ߡԡСǰУŷҵĴػ
䡭
ͻȻ䣬һѣ쳹ξ·ٵһ㣬ξ֮Уڿк֣Ƭ꣬˵档
ͬһʱ䣬ҲɢһϢϼӳ
һʱ̣·Ϊ㣬ξ֮УĲΣȻ⾳֮ϡ
ţξʼŤˣľʧε磬ƺҲɢˡ
ڵ֮УӰػµ죬˲䱬ϢΧǧ֮ڵ֮Ա壬ϴꡣ

˻˷һħ飬ƺܵɱ䣬ޱȣǿ־壬˷ܣҲǲңǷŭ
ɣɣܾˣ
ɣص֮컯
ɣСϣ㳬㲻𣡡

һϤξ죬Ȼڤڤ֮Уйصƺڽѡ
ɣ㲻컯
ɣƹ磬޵죡

һħ飬ʱ򣬸Ӵ˻ȿֺس죬ȴӰɱؾۣϡ
𡭡
ͻȻƺоһٻƺԼϣ۾һŭ
˲䣬·ǿռ䱬һ㣬еĸ籩һħ飬˲䱻ݻ٣ɺĻҲûУŷ籩
𣡡
һ˻һΣȴӰĴͷŭƺ
һŭ֮󣬱ûϢӰҲ֮С
⻪ȥʧӰ䵽˵棬Ƭ֮۾
Ķڤ𣿡
ΧڵĿռ䣬ΪԼˣǺܿ죬ԼϳӯѪȵ
ûһţһţʹԼ˷ܵؽкţϢ֮ͣʶչΧĿռ䡣
ڵʯͷŨŨһļµϢɢ
ϸ̽һغһ漴ܵԼı仯ɫ䣬ϲԽ
壡ǰ壡
Լ겻ѣһ֮󣬲ᵽĿֲҲ֮̽һǡ
Ѳк󸣣ҵˣ̾һ˺ϵƲͷǻտǹļµϢĵطֹ֪ʲôôôֲȥɣ˵г·
Ѿ϶ʱпĵصףп֮Ԩ
֮ʱǻΣձԵνȻͻƵ壬˵׼һıԼ
ûгɣóǹһĿһ˹ȥ


727 ص׷ħ
Ҳ˺ܾãֻоǹļµϢԽԽǿңɫҲ뿪ܶࡣ
һ˲䣬ͣ½ŲתأѰĳ·ǣ˵ԼǧգҲҪ£˵ȴԼģһԵ
оȫشһʶ޵кͲڤˣҲпܻҲһս
ԲȥЩ飬ǰΣпܱǹɿֲϢ
ʱ֮췢Χ֮ԽԽŨˣҲŵĺҪǣˮ
صװӣ
ԺƮһʣӿ˽Ų
֮ǰԽԽŨ壬²дһϡ
Ƭʱ䣬߳ǰĿ֮ء
ǧ֮ԶһɫĺǰգҲࡣ
ɫĺ֮Уڳˮ޾ĺں֮Уƺ۰׹ǣһЩе顣
ס˸ǰ˼ĳɫޱȡ
ںӺգɫܣ֮ħ飬ںںΧƴسںӣʵĺˮˮ۳ħ飬ϣϢ
ֲ
һĻԺ˲ĳ
ͬʱ÷ļ䣬ƺƿˣںӣͻȻ뵽˹ż֮мصһϢ
ڤӣ
ڤĺ˸磬е顣
Ȼ֪ԼĲ²ǷȷѾ϶ɫĺڤڤ֧
ڤبգֹĳֲ̺˼ǰˡ
ϸ̽һΧһЩڣûзκ˹ĺۼ
ʶ޷ڤ֮УƺŹܹʶеĻֻɨһ£оͷԷΣɫ䣬˳ڤӶ԰̽ȥ
̽ãһ֮̽£ɫٴαˣ۾ɴ󣬷·𿴵˶ħһ㣬Ȼ˿˿־塣
ڤӶ԰оʯÿʯϣһһֻ޵ͼڣһǿһϵġ⡱Щ⡱֣ǳϤĵĹ֮Уġ⡱֣һһյԼС
һħڣԲŻķӡ󣬵ǣȴоŸ⡱֣ĴڣҪħֲһЩ
Ŀֲڣǵġ
˾ʯ룬ֻһƬʵĺţû˿ɢļ󣬷·оħ˯
ʯзγɵ֣סмǸĿֲڡ
˻
첻һ⵽ĴڰҪԷ֮
첻ڶﲻĵطԾĵطδѵĴħЩ뿪
ʱ䷢ֻڤΧħ˻𣬴̶ռڤһ࣬ʯмĺڣһߴӰ֣ħڤ֮еħ飬ƺӰסˣҽϣɶȥ
ߴӰĸ֣ʯеķ֮Ҳ죬˽ײ֮ը죬ѹħӰжʯϵľŸ⡱֣Ҳڰӳ˾ŸɫӰѹħӰ
ѹԽǿħӰĶԽƺҪѷ֮ķôҲȻ޷
𡭡
ħХ֮쳹ռ䣬ΧʯҡΣԼͷͣɫ˳˳
ãøϿ뿪
첻ҳɣתߣǣħӰƺټһЦϤĶ
ɣɣܾˣ
ɣص֮컯
ɣСϣ㳬㲻𣡡
ЩһƬɷף֪ˣطֲĴڣħӰѾ쵽˵֮ˡ
Ļ¾Ӱ
ɣ㲻컯
ɣƹ磬޵죡

ֲĺͣػڶϣ˲оһɹܣóޱȣƺûһŲ
ʱһɿֲ֮ԶоԼƺҪȥˡ
ʱʶݷ˲ԳӰ̫Ӵˣ˵Ҳ޷ɣ仯ʮߣмƳһԶԶħӰһֲ·һռ籩ΧԱ£˳ϮǵӰ
˲䣬ɹʧˣپһᣬͷҲأԭ·ء
ޣһ֮󣬱ֻصʶ֮Уٴݷ
𡭡
ͻȻֵһ֮ǵӰð࣬ŭ𣬵ʱѾӰ
ħӰƺѹһ㣬޷ĳǷӡ֮ǿٴνѹ
ģӰ˫ĿĹâ֣һ۽µһӰֿ˿ʧĵطͳص´Ȼ֮

ƴرУ·Ƕħ׷һ㡣
һ߱ܣһչʶ̽ܵŨȣѰҳ·
һһһһʱ䣬ڸܵһ˿ռĲ
ռ䷨ϢĪǡ󣿡
һ룬ϲüңµٶȲӿˡ
д󣬺пǳ·Ȼ֪ǴҲܱҪǿ
֮һΧĿռÿл׵
죬ڿǰľʱ֮ǰǼҵ·ϣ˲ˡ
ʲô󣬳ǰģһռڶӦǿռѷ죬ϸСĿռ籩ϵʯ˽ȥ
һĻ쳹ˣ¾֮ԨıԵҲ˴˵Ŀռ佻㴦
ŨŨĿռϢΪǴ
ռѷҲд͵Ĺܣ϶ֻҪԼռѷ죬һ뿪˵ء
ǣ˵ӱ͵ʲôط˵Ƿᱻ͵С½ֲĿռ֮пܽĭйģĿռ籩˵ˣһʥˣҲпܱѹ촷ۡ
ԣǰĿռѷ죬һпҪĶħ
ոհ˶ħɲԼֲĿռѷ
ֻһĲ
ǣȥ·ĳ·ǣҵ
ټĵص磬ǧݺύ˭֪·
Ѱҳ·ʱħӰô죿
ޱȣԭأ˼֮
Ȼüͷ壬ɨһɽȻһһڣֿ˿ǿռѷ죬ֹôһʶϢѲ˿ռѷ죬ȥˣ


728 һ
漴ʶչϸ̽һΧڣüͷ嵽һֹﲻֹһʶϢ޵еϢңһɼΪϤϢ˭ģڤ𣿡
ǣ˼Ƭ֮ҡҡͷԣⲻǲڤϢǡˣ
֣ôˣʲôʱģɫ΢䣬ĸоƲûĻһʶ޵к͹˶ǴĿռѷߵġ
˶ԼУټϲڤԷ˶ڣʹˣ˵Ҳһвò
ǴӲͬڽ˵Ǳ˲ͬĵطնҵҲΨһĳ·
ҪȥĵطҿܿħӰ˵Ǽ©ĵط
֮ڴ˵Լʶӡǣһû߹˽ȥ
üʱȥˣ첻֪˶ȻûҵԳȥ·ֻܻ֮صǸпռѷɽ
ʱѾ϶ֻһ·ˣ
ɫÿҵһ·òȥ̧ͷǿռѷ죬ε̾һ
ұѡˣֻɴ뿪
һɽҹڤ񣬿ռļѹֲ̫֮ʱҳҹڤ񱣻һݻȥıϡ
Ųһ˲˿ռѷ졣
ֻоһȵĿռ֮ɢоһɽԼѹ·ҪԼѹ⡣
ǿҵʹУʹױ˼Ѫ
ռȻֲѹڴ֮гưԣǿżιȥʹпޱȡ
ҿԽᴸһ˳㽫ռ⾳һ£
һ룬оһĪ˷ǻļ䡣
ֻǣˣоһת·׹һ㣬
ţءһӲϣ·ȫĹͷҶһ㣬ʹ̣̲ס˳һѪ
ƿҹڤǱ죬ΧĻ˲䷢һɳȵϢӭű˷ˮ
һȫµĿռ䣬ȴǵϣȻڵصףΪͷǧɸ߳ǼӲʯ⣬һҽеҽڷðݡ
֪ﲻķΧΪʯϳָɫһζĺɫҲûŨŨ֮
ܵĸоֻһݣǱȣ
ӣﲻһɽ֮УпǵصףŹҽ֮ӣ²
ֻǣ֪ڣйĺۼӦ˵أһʶǻ᲻Ҳϸ˼һٴδһռ䣬˿Զұתǳʶ̽ȻڲԶдƬĿռ䣬ûգǧ֮ϣʯͷ
ʱſ϶ȷǵصס
ң֣ԶʯϣʯʯϢɢ
ʯ·ʯϣһſïܵĹƺΧʹԼ
ˣ¶ȶܻǺõˣһıذ
صҽƬĹĽؿˮˣ
һƬѵ֮أŴصĵĻƷʾԲ
ңҽӱµĺۼ¾ʦµġ
ȻĵطȻҪ̽һԼ취ǹ
֪סʲô壬ҸòóȥǼأ˵һܺÿͣڵ˲ţܽĻǣһܻӭҰɣʱҪһЩõϣ
˼һ漴һԶϢ֮ȥ
ӦȺר֮أƺһϴɽȴܾɽĵط
߳ɽ쿴һͷĵص磬ǴƬƬĹ𾪵ͬʱˮˡ
طȻѾ˺ܹϵ£·ǹϵĲһ㣬ľɽ֮УһЩ̨Ƿǳϵ֡
쿴һϵʷ顣
֮쿴ǰʮɸߵĹͮͮĹӣ㣬ס̿ˮ
شһ¹ƶһµĻּпܱˣ¶ȣֱ˵ˮҪߡ
ԳֱӴ˹ڷֲϣֱժһöͮͮĹӣȵĻһȡ
ֹӣȻŶҩһԹǻʵ˵ϺõԴ
˺üöӣתеգ漴ʶչɨԶʯ
ֵǣƺݷʯУ濴һӰӣҲʶ̽鶴е̫ʧˡ
ţȻᣬŵһɱźͮͮĹӻҪŨɫ΢䣬ѭϢ˼飬շ֣ɴĵطһŽɸߵĴżȭͷĺŽɫĹɢ˵
˰ֲˣĶһǱ൱ڵؽ׸Ʒĵҩ᲻ܴ쿮̾һһӰǿŸߴĺ
İɣɣɡ
ۿǺһɲľ룬ʱͻȻоһɼΪǿϢԼʵʵֹס˽Ųɫ΢䣬ս״̬
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ľʵȫɱˣһץϢԼӵĻ㲻Ҳпܱˡ
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ʱˣһӰʯ˳ȫӣֻŴ磬Եúܹϡ
Ҳһĵؽ磡
壬Ҳһɱ
ץס壬Ѫ

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ֻ֣һץ֮󣬱ٴѸٵϮ
߶Ÿλֻ˵أһ߷ɱһߴʶԼľٶ̫³çδ˼ҵĶʵΪϣȺͣ֡
ߣɣҲһҲһ壬·һ־ܣһ𣬶ԶˣȫҪɱģûһл͵˼
̵ģ˭˵ѺãѺãܲ𣡡Ʋԣ쳹ױ˶ĺøУɽȥΪûˡ


729 ׺
һӰӶһĲԶһģпܱ
վסҴҲһܾ֮ɱ⣡ȻǰһߴӰ·ʮ꣬Ϣ֮ͨΪΪȻУǣеĳȴ𾪲ѡ
ֻһѵؽƷĽǣַĸ̵ƣԳ˽һֽ֮½ϵһЩؽƷҪһЩ
һ֣һɱһ޽õַ
۾΢УҲ룬缲һֻܳͨͨһȭ
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ȭͷڽϣĽ֮ǰѳַ˳ȥǳֽ֮ˣǱһȭʮɣ˲Զһźϣ˼Ѫ
ʲôˣɱ
ȻҲһϢسף׽㣬ǣ
ɱɱܸǰǼһģ

Լ˱һȭɣ𾪵ͬʱҲǷŭѣǧɱ£һն졣
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ˣ˲ˣ
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ȥңڵҲҪҳ

ͻȻʧòһ𾪲ѣˣ׷ٵĲͣĿ罣һѰΧǿʶһƬ˴ƬķΧ
ˣʶҪԶһǿ֮ߣſͨʶǿȡ
޹ֺǿƳôõĽʶȷʵǳΪʦ
ܵ׺ȥˣ
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׷·һҪ׷
һ˴ӰӶɱҽ֮ӡ
켸絽ҽ֮ӣʶ֮£׽һĸֳȺɱɫѿ֮
үģӻûǾ׷ɱˣҪңǵĹߣô죡ݺݵص˼䣬ʵЩ飬˵һ׺ݣҲ⣬δҴ˼ҵıأ˼ҲŹء
ʣǿңϵļ˳飬쿴˿ǰڵͨҽٳɣղ񹦻һԾ룬׺֮УûӰֻһߵĻ
һ壬غǵı⣬ӳˣҪϸһ
ܿ죬Ӱھ޴ɽУֲɽĿشڿռУüͷ
أôʧˣһ߲ɨΧռ䣬ɫѿ֮ɻ׵ĺ룬Ҫ
һֲ껺ӣʶſռ䣬ϸ̽˼飬ȻûзӰӣϢо
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һʾɨ˼ɽߵ׺ӱϣ壬Ӧøǲླ磬ʲô֮Ųǿ侳Ϊ
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ҳˣǧˣﻹûгֹߣһ²ʱ䣬ĸСˣѾǶǲһĳˣˣǵĸ׺˷Ȼ
ǻں̫֮ʱһǶôԻ֮ͣеλȻǿ߼棬ûвֺǵģأһȴʲôΪģһ߾ﲻסˣһ
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ʿŷڵҽӦǲСĽѷɣû֮Уʵ죬ץסЩˣԶᵽǵˣ䣡
ѷ죿Ҳ湻˰ȻܴҲӦʲôʱڣԲ츳˴룬ֻǣǵôռѷأɱ¾þҲֻǸطпܰ˵
֮ԨĽ㣬ռ䷨ңʱбռ籩ĿܣǴ类Ҳ˵׺ʵ
ʱ䣬Ҳ쵽˰ɣҪܳȥǸöð͵ʿͷ̾Ϣһץˣתϣ䣬õسȥμӴȣ
ǵȥץ˲֪صȥˣ׺ɻ
͵΢΢һЦһָڵҽӦ棡
ʲôҽ棿ôܣ˾гһĲ˼顣
ǻ׺ʿŹ׺ӣ¶ȣ˵һˣһۣҲճɷɻңܽУⲻ𣿻˵бܻı
͵΢΢һЦֻǵ۾˲ŷĿĹʣصǱˣߣûбܻıҲпһ㣡
ߣǴֲڵϵãһ㶣ɻ
ĪΪֻǿɣ͵ʵؿһˣߵ£ɻأϵϵҽκǣҪ֪е߾׺ҽģ
ȻôǿҲֲ̫˰ɣǶɽǺף˵
⵹ǣԶԶҪ࣬ܵʹ󲻵ԴѰҡһû׽ٵģ׽٣ҲǿԿģԣΪηչ˳ʷ̨ԭ򣡡
ԭˣܽˣ˵ͷһ׺ӣϣô죬˵û취
͵ʵһЦʵȻ׺ӵ¶ȣԽ¾Խߣǰ֮£ҲܲסǾȥס


730 ħ̥
Ŷ붯Ǽ˵
͵ʵͷֻǶñܻ飬׺·ǧ֮ڣǿ⴩У
ȻˣǾ͸ϽɣȻԶˣҲң׺ʵ
͵ʵĵͷԷ˳ɱˣҹ˵ľֻʳڣսǿӦÿ鷳ǰæʵڲо峤ĳϣ
Ȼһˣȥʵץû⣡
˵ͷã
գֻ͵ռָһŻӳУɢº͵Ĺâ׺ʮ֮ڵĻ澡ɢҽҲû֮ǰ¶ȡ
Ȼӱ˵ıܻ飬ɢΧʮ֮ڻͳϢ
˱ܻıʺһͬҽ֮УܿûӰ
ʧǻ׺ɨһغڲԶļʮ龳ߣҴ˳ס
һ龳۷߿ˣϣǿ𣿡
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ҵǣһüͷ΢壬ղųֵʱҿúܼңʸеƣ
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ף˵ͷٴһһŲ׺ӱϣʮһһֱɡ

һ׺ӣ·뺣һ㣬Ͳҽ㵽棬֪ҲһץõԼԣں֮µҽ֮УȻصȴš
Ȼ۾һƺ뵽ʲôϸ̽һԼԪüͷ
ҲӦýȵҽһ꣬ħ̥ԽȵĻ֮վ׻
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һ뵽׷ɱ˶ȵĵֿԶһߣұ뵽׺ӵ²УȻץǾԩˣ
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ߣӲ׷ʣҲκβӣ޺޵طйһ漴üͷ΢壬ֹһ壿ֻ湻⣡죿ܲ𣿲һôڵصأвһ廹࣡
죡죡漴΢䣬֥Ѳв֥
˲䣬ɫ˼֮С
в֥ĻײˣΣҪҵ֥͵Ҳֵá
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ʱʶһƬ꣬ΣݷڽţžŲʹâϣԪ֮Уҡҷɢ˿˿
ϸ۲Ԫ񣬻ᷢһ˸Ĺϡ⡱֡
ʱħ̥ȫסˣ·˳˯ϸ鿴ֲĴڡ
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˫ʮָɣܵջ˾ŸµĹ֡
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һӰֳħȻΰڷħ֮ħѪ֮еħӰһ˿֮УǾ췣ϴҲûнȫ޳
ȻʱдԪȫ˿޳
Ȼħ֮ɢһֱǧɷͣʱĹϸֳֵ˸̺͵ϢҲаԵĻ֮
Щħһ͵Ĺâʼ˹ƺҪû
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߽ҩڣþ׽㻯˿˿˲뵽ʶ֮УԪա
ܿ죬Ԫ񱬷˿ֲħ̥˲䱻ɣЩ޳ɢҽ֮УȵĻճޡ
ʹˣħ̥ױ޳ħ̥̺ǿĻһ˿ҲǶĴˣ˪𽥻ָ״̬֮ϡ
ҡҷŨŨԪĴˡ


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غûɵĵҲ޿κΣԷȫƣֵʱ֣صʱôҲԡ
ЩΣǶԷǿףпܰˡ
һε֮⣬Ҳ֮УȻϲҲΪ
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ԣٴת

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ޱȣںԶĵط·ǵĴһ㣬Īо
Ӱһ׺ӵķһ𾪡
ʱһϵӰԣôֲħѲ룿
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⡭ϷҲ϶ֶ̫߳Ҳ޷̽ȻǾӣ˵ûʾΪʾΪҲһУʱҲֻʾߣʵõʣҲȻһߣٴƲһҿһҪɱ֮ˣʩչ龳ڵսһ˿ֻ龳ڵս
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ʱǵüͷһ㣬ղԲģʵڶ޷οһ龳ϣ
ӳĬ˵ĺܶԣղһԲ龳߿Էġ
Ҳ룬пܽ˼ǿħ޻ߴ׺֮أһо֣ңҲзŭȻԷ̫ã룬ôֲĴڣʲô־ֵģɫأ
ѲɻиǿĴڽˣɫ䣬
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侲һЩȥ׺ӣҪʱ򣬻棡ɫأ׺ӷ


732 
һȺ˴׺ӣֻҽӳûпĶҲܲһ˿Ϣ
˵ȴһ죬Ҳûзʲô״׺ƽȻûǵʮֲ⡣
ȥɣֻǸ⣬ӦǺӵ׳˿ռѷ죬Ƕ˰οһת뿪׺ӡ
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ҲѡŻǵĻǣһɹĸо˵
ƽȥˣǽ֮ǰ顣

ʱʱ·úܵˣתۼһ¹ȥˣһµʱ䣬춼ͣ׺ӵʱ򣬶֪Լ˶೤ʱ䡣
ʱ֮۷壬ʵۺ
³һһ·óһöͨĿռָֻмƷʯͼװĵͽҩ
һ˶ڣץˣԼղؿ϶ᱻѹȥѾȫ׼ȥһһ̽ѰҲ֥
֪û˰أϣ˳ҹڤϢϸ̽죬ֲĴڡ
ǧɵľ룬ʱ׺ӱء
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ɫ΢䣬ȴǰϲϵĽǺǿ龳ߣǲܽ⿪ģǣ۳ˣʶǿԶ޿ɱȵģϣҲѣ˵ˣҲȽס
ȵ޲ˣѣʱȴУΪеǸϽ«ܹ죬пһʥ׽סԼж
ҲˣԼˣҹڤʥ»Ǳˣ˵һǳʧ
һˣ￪ʼˡ
ܿ죬뵽һ飬۾һв֥𣿡


733 
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ԣдϲȷʵв֥
Сӣ㻰أ첻ԣɫ
Ҳֻ֪һ֣㽫ϵһ𣡡쵭ص
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Ŷԭˣ֥˱ҩǵˣԴҲ֪в֥ģ²֮̽
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Ȼһ׼֣ɫ΢䣬֮ǰİȻ˲ʧˡ
׼жǿ޲ûмǣʾڵȴǼģһĤݵĸоҪ˵׼ˡ
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ԣһɫ˼ֻɣһ˽סһ龳ڵߣʵ
ʲôʵֻбܻıϢûб̫ϳϺֶѣ޵ص
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⵹Ҳǣͬͷʵҵ¥ôˣȥһΣһ֮Ҳȥˣϼһֲ̫ˣ֪жУ
ߣһǿʲôãǱˣƲƲ죬мصôȥˣѾĥˣãֻͽ鷳ĵģ
Ҳ̫ǿˣǵʱȲµǲͱˣ۾ǿ߰η壡ͬ̾һ峤Ǳɱģڣ峤Ҳҿֻ󷨵ĥˣѰ
ǿվֻһˣôһ˵ҵˣ˵ϼһѰҲ֥ģ˵ó˷Դȴһ峤ܾˣŻᷢս˿һͷ˵ʱʮʾǿߣʾǿߣ
ôǿ߾ˣϧͬ̾һȽС˵
ţ˵ͷǽϵİù˽ͺϣ֫


734 
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߰ɣط}ĻţΪͬ죬һѣ
㵨ôôСôҲ龳ڵˣԼʲôһıģмص
ͷϹôֲļһ²ŹأͬƲƲ죬˲ӣŵȥ
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ĶסңҲ̫˰ɣ첻мֹһʶ붯һӣƿϵĽơ
Ȼʩչǹȥ˽ͺϵļȴǹѵΪǹСȫκβλκιͷȴ޷СԴ
⸱ȫʵĻֱӺãҲջȴˡ
֪֮޻ʱԳ䲻ʩչԪնɱûԼҹڤʥ£뿪˵أ˳취ߣǹԼϢ
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뿪֮ǰҪɱ˸ˣ˸ոնԼȭӵ龳ߡ
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ˣһʱܿȥˣһֱо֮С
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ֱѵȫоͨ͸֮󣬱Ѿȥһµʱ䡣
һµʱ䣬оͬʱܾϵİԼˮƽҲڴţһļ۷ʦԽΪһʦδﵽ۷壬ȴҲһ׼󷨴ʦˡ
ϵ󷨣ȫǰ˼󷨣ֻʦȫúƽ⣬ʱˮƽ޷һ㣬ǣܾȴƳЩ󷨡
е󷨲͸ƽ⣬㵽ʱţ춼͵͵Ц
ǲ򵥰һ龳СӣȻڶ̶̵һ֮ڣһʦ޵֮УϺȻһϵͬβ͵èһ˲ؿܡ
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735 Ϯɱ
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ƺһԲ˼⡭ţǴ֮˰ﶼ
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Ҵǣңˣڴ˴㣬ҲҵһԸ̾һϷһ󣬲֪СܷӦ
һ㶣Ҳֻ˵꼴𣬿ԸˣԵ֣漴ͷǰ˵޷ֻҪһ
ϷݵС칤ţֻһСţĸ֮أдǧʱ䣬칤ѲˣҹСǰ;֤ɹ칤ŻڵĻϣշһƺĻ֮УڿС
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лл˷·мһ㣬ԸˣϷҲܰ·ˣסﻹһȽϰȫĳ·׺֮أǸĽ֮УԴ뿪ȥĵطգ
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Ҫɱ𣿡켥ڽؿһۣ
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˵꣬ʩչǿʶʶ̽ȥ
ʱһëȻϢֻ֣üһ֣ӳһѵĽӰֲ֮У˲޵ʶ


ܣǰ̴֮ʶһնɱԪһҽУһʾˣӲʬصڵϡ
ʩչɻ֮ɢĻչһЩ䡣
޳ֻйϢصһЩϢȻڵϣڵشŴ
ղһ״γʩչ֮ķ˴ʶҡҷġ
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Ƭ֮ٴγʯУ߸龳еһλнͨ編ƣɱ֮ճޡ
ܿ죬˸龳ȫɱˡ

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ţ޵ͷ漴׺ȥ
֮߳ٴ𣬵壬ʦǰպۣ


737 ֥
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չʶ׽ĺۼ֮ҵԴ·ߣٳɣѭϢιȥ
ǰ¶ƺߣЩ죬·һȻ֮ǽ赲ǰʱĻԵ¶ȷֽ硣
˫һ֮һ㣬˲ǰĹ
һƬҽʱоȻ̺ŷḻĻ֮Щ֮ƺԶĳţбϷӿȥ
һϲҲ˳Ż֮ķȥˮмһ㡣
ʱð׺ӣڷǸջ֮֮
ƺһĴɽյģֻе¹ʵ׺ӣϵһ֮İ뵺
뵺һʯڣһϵʯţʯŽգ·޾δ򿪹
뵺ϣһɸߵʯ񣬵һصΰӰ˫죬һ޴ʯ顣
Ҳ֪ʯʲôϵɣȵĻУҲδۻ
ʯĻϣһЩģǱȽϹϵ֣쿴ö
ǲȵĵ䵱ʯ¼Ϊģ壬̳һӰ
Щ޷Ǿǳ̲Ĵһһķٷչ̡
ʯΧȻʯһߣÿһʯ棬һ֥ݣ񷣬һְ͵ĸо
Щ֥ݣʱˡ
֥
֮İ뵺ϾȻôಹ֥
ȵͬʱҲңˣҲҵ
ôಹ֥һֲĲƸһš
ҩֻһЩɶˣΥܴͣǴ
ңĲ֥࣬ģȴҲֻǼѡ
ֻгĲ֥ѷҩЧ
һ֪Լô
ڰ뵺Χɵ׺ϣƯһƬ֥ҩȼܵĻ棬ɢŨŨĻ֮ҽ֮Ļ֮Щ֥ҩ
֥
һҩ߽ҩ֥ȣȴҪѷɫܶ࣬ǣҩҲġ
ҪǣĻ֥̫ˣһһ꣬һҲꡣ
ô֥ﻹһ¡
Щ֥ҽеĻ֮תɻ֮Ȼ󱻲֥գΪ֥ϡ
֮ǰľ֮ǲ֥ɢġ
һƬ׺ӣƬռͲϢظˣҪбܻ黹УһʵԣĿǰֻűɽá
뽫һƬ֥һֻ֣֪֥ҽв׳֥Ҫ֥
ƺûпɻ֥ͨУ޷֥ġ
ϸ˼һ۾һ΢΢
ԼĵаһƬҽγһ޴ҽȻֲһƬ֥ͬʱҽ£άҽĹ֥һĻ
֪Լ뷨Ƿȷһ¡
׺ϣ磬ʶһչŲ֮ʩչ׺еҽ˵硣
ʱһã췢ҽʼˣףҽף˼򵥵󷨡
ܿ죬㿴ϣĳ
ڵ׵£Щ̵ҽֿܿʼԾ׺֮ûʲô
ϲ֪˴˷УӴ˶ҽİơ
֮оЩƣֹͣ˶
ʱĵУһ޴ҽɢųȵĻ֮Ϣ
ȡ˸֣׺
ġ
֮ѡЩȽϳĻֲ֥׺У׺ɵĻ֥
Щ֮ŷɵ˰뵺ϣ˵Ĳ֥װ׼õУ˼ӡǸʯš
ûв´ʯźпܾǿ˵ͨ
뵽ܴ뿪Īһ˷ܡ
վʯǰӵĽﵹЩɻ󣬲֪˭ｨʯŵģоһͨҩ԰Ĵš
ʯһƾͿˣֻǧ֮ѣûеĴͻĹ󷨡
ֵǣ̤ʯ֮վͨϣȻоһ˿ȣ·֮ǰ׺ӲͬһС
ﾹȻоһ˿ռ֮ȷʵռĽ紦⵽ʲôطô˵ֵ󣿡һʣ𾪲ѡ
ӣͨȥ


738 ֮
ﾹȻоһ˿ռ֮ȷʵռĽ紦⵽ʲôطô˵ֵ󣿡һʣ𾪲ѡ
ӣͨȥ
տʼ߹ĵط˹ģǣԽ룬ԼһȻһ߾߸İ׹ǣһ
ֻͬƾʶܡ
ңﲢһƬһɫ硣
ǹĵطеǹǽ磡ǽȴûпһ첻ӿ˽Ų
С˽ⲻ֪࣬СǷôһط
ģоԼܵĿռƺŤͨʧˣǰ·Ȼڣǣﲼ˰׹ǣ˵ĹǺħĹǺ޵ĹǺĹǺС
ЩǺУһɫİӰζţģĿֻԼԼΡ
ˣħޣ壬ȵȣԵĺϸָǰӰӡ
ϸ̽ЩӰӣ̺˿˿
飡
˲䣬Ժһ
飬꣬ħ飬Ҳ飬ǣȥ˺ܾãѾˡ
أǸֵģӰӦһǿ顣
ѵþһȻЩ̫ǰ飬ֹ԰û˵ɱ¾þþйôͻȻþˣҲŴ˰ɣֻһͨһС磡
ûЩ飬ǸܵϵϢ̫ǿˣЩ鶼ԶԶܿ졣
ľ棬˵Ǽ¡İĵطԸⷢһЩ鷳顣
ǰȥڷǰͨͨˣȫһذ۹׹ǣ׹Ǹ顣
нƬ֮˵飬ǲħħҲһɷֻ֮
ǿ꣬
һǣеǹһӣǵ黯һɢڿС
ľٶû嵽飬ԼȫĹ
һȺȺϯ·ǹ˻ɫķ籩һ㡣
ɣһսɣ
ɫһݣǹлɢֲɱ
ͬһ⣬籩֮Уػ
ɱ¾ͬʱҲʩչ⾳Ϻõϣʶо޴İ
ɱذɱ޹⣡
һ籩ϯ죬Ȼͱȫˡ
޾ôɱҲɱꡣ
һֻսʱ䣬ƣ̫ĻЩǣͣС
𣡡
ʨӺʩչֲʶϯΧ֮ڵ龡Ϊҽ
ó˽ȥţʼյĻ
ƺȥ˺üʱ䣬ȫת
ôĻʹһ۷߶ȣȻֻͨڵĸǷΧʵ̶ȣԶʿɱȡ
ʱ磬ûĳһʶľ绮ϵеĻԻͬĴ֮һ
һֱĻԼʥˡ
ǣȴԼˡ
ĻûȫգΪƺѾһ͵״̬ͬһƿͻƵĻ޷Ļġ
ЩûбյĻֻɢУΪ˽𺣵һӡ

³һϵķӡȻ˳ȥ
Χ֮ڿյģ֮⣬ȴΧ飬·ɳһ㡣
˻ţǣǵģֻʶܲ׽
쿴һ⺣һ飬ɱһʶ΢ǰϹ˸Ѥޱȡ
ֵģһɼΪֲĻ֮
Ϣһɢǧ֮ڵ飬Ϊޡ
ʶ˿ֲܵǧ֮⡣˲䣬ĵط
ɨһ޾飬ͷ
ʱˣ
徲û˴ţػҲҽĺõط
Ȼֻһױڲеλ֮ͣǰӦ֪ǲΪʱԭ򣬶Էµӡĥˡ
֮У֮һѺĿռˡ
콫еϸоһ飬ȻĨȥ谭ʼ
֮ɢһĲ˲СɱɣֱһɣߴС
ƺ̫⣬ʶٶձ˰ߣͬ׶һ㡣
ʱˡ
ΣΣʦַֻȡòôãӻ㽫أôܳΪΡأϵ֣ƲƲ죬ֹ칬࣡
˵ţĨȥˡΡ֣̳ˡ칬ֲֻ֣ǹֽ֣ͨ֡
֮Զȥ
Ȼ󣬵Ҳеƣױн·ߡ
֪ԼʱЩ㲻ȫǰ
нʱ䣬ǰĹɽмγһϿȣľ󣬵Ͽ棬ضǸİ׹ǡ
ߵɽϣ޴Ĺ֡
أ
֣۾΢ľ֮ǰ֣ʲôоֻһذ֡
ǣľСѪӳΪ˷ֽߡ
ҪѪӣ·ߡ
һֱӷԽѪӣǣ֪ѪϿյطЩ죬Ǵʱʵ޷УɥѪӡ
ڶ·Ѫ⣬߶ͨͨͨѪҲһ֮أҲ٣ͨļҲϴ
Х硢˺;ؿյˣͨѪѪӶ԰һߵġ
һ·أһֻڴ˵еֻͨʱ˶֣ƺ漴ģûоλá
ûϸأֻд˵
ԣܶѾһͨ
صأʷϵģдþɱ¾þĽ㣬Ƿʵ޴ӵ֪
кܶΪܴ־ƿأֻΪЩ֮չ֣ǾؽߣһǸǴܡ
ӡ̣ȴޱİĹذɫЩ¡
֪صĳζʲô֪Ҫ˹أ
滺һϢǹء
ܹĸоط·һڣڹȫǲͬط
߽ȥ֮󣬷·޾֮Уǰ·Ҳ·ֻоǽξһ㣬ǳá
ɣ˲


739 ն
ţǰɢˣճˣһƺĳӺب֮УԶ
ӲʹĿӰǧݻ޺죬Ȼ֮УƣƺջҪƴ
ҫħݺᣬۣ龺Ϣ֣·֮еһƺҲȥˡ
ܻ˥ֻ
·䣬ף
һеˣ֮С
ѵǿг˵˵ĳȻĴڰȻĳӣƶĳӣǴ֮е֮ӡ
ߵ磬Ӷµ꣬ܣ֪֮ӣǵ֪ʶѣ˭֮ӡ
оЩ˼飬ãȻǰУȻ˵еﶼ޷شڡ
ǴҪԼʲô
ض֮ӣԺ֮˲ˡܾϢĵÿһ֣·һ㣬ʶת⣬Ưգ֮ȥ
ܿ죬֮һ𣬾Ųʹâ֣·ǳ֮е̫һĿ
˲ȥˣĿתؿһţϢ֮һӰա
ӰУǺȴûһ˿Ϣ·Ǵһ㡣
ֻһӰǵӰǿգ·ƿ磬顣
ǣȴԵôįǷϡ
ֻһˣǳ壬ǳĹ¶
Ӱʱɫˡ
ˣȻԼӣ
˵һǣ
˳ܻ˵һǣ
Ҫʲôѵ˵һ磿ϲûһ˿ϲЩغ˸У૵صΪֻһˣΪôļįû飬ûˣ¼ҹ˵ңк壿
ܺһ𣬲ԼĿеҸֻܿأҶԻʲô壿׵Ҳϡι涨ҵˣҪ㣬ң˭Ҳܿƣɱħɱħ
ǹУǰӰһ·Ҫһ㣬ԵǾ޴ͶӰʧӰ١
һ˳ӷ貵ĹâЩƯȥľģһصķģɻ壬ʶ֮Уȥ˹â
ҵˣƿأҲϲΥıҵˣ
־ͣ˻Ĥݵģһ󣬰ա
ʱ˳ӵĶ棬һ޴ͶӰϼӳɹϼ֮£ͬ죬޺ദڡ
ɼ裬˾峪һƬͣս޷գȻڡ
ôĵطǰͶӰΪסˣȻһɽͶӰȻ涵ôĵط
ĵطΪǿݵĸߵأиʽգǵиķӣҲ
ɽ磬߶֪һڵĵطֻյĻѣһ־Բֵܳ硣
ɣҲ֮еľ磬ǣڣܴԼȻڴ֮ϣޣ㲻
ǣҲڣ
ӵɻĲ֪Ϊ˳ӵĶ԰һ翵ͶӰԼʾʲô
ܿ죬ɽͶӰʧˡ
Ӧоһת˳˲ʧˣ޾Ҳʧˣٴãã֮С
Ƭ֮ɢȥ췢Լվһ޴ʯϣΧľ˵ɽȣطСķΪơ
ֻѪһطȱңʱڵƬصķԱȽ
Сͬıռеɱ¾֮
ǸоΪԼСһԣɽء
ԼȻĪصһȫµĵطȻˣղŻ˳ӵĳ֮УƬ̾ʧˣã·Σڣˡ
Ѳ߳صͨѪһߣǰľ첻뵽
Ǵ˵˼٣಻֪ԼĲ²ǷȷŲ䣬˹⡣
ʱڿ˵Ϣ
ʮ⣬һȺ߼սһ壬壬ÿһսͨ龳۷ߡ
ΪҪǣЩߵƺ󣬶ʮңȷ֮ˡ
ûлߵϢɱ¾Ϣ֮ǰĵط˶١
컺ӽ֮ͣ⣬˫֮ļս
ߣʵʵ龳۷Ϊ༫Ϊƣ϶ֵܡ
ʱȫ·磬ѹŴ򣬰Ǳ
壬Ϊϵƣһ˶ûУһϷʣԿɿնɱߣǲŪԷԷ
磬磡ǣǸϿ߰ɣгɣΪұ𣡡һҧһߣ˺
Уʹߣǣһ߻еĳһ꣬
ˣҪһߣҪһϴ󿪿ˣȻѪû˿ľ⣬ɷս
ڣսȥĻŶ꣬
϶ҧɨһ壬ڵЩ޳ܣһһҶȻɱǣ
˵ˣǲпģ˭㹫ƽԣϴҡҡͷĨȥϵѪӲ˵ģΨսսɱɱһ׬ˣ
ΧһԶЦ
һɫ£ֳֳŵһһԪӳߣǰϣһĺ
ɱɱһ׬ĵɱеһ𣿡Ϸʵؿˣ
ƽһսɱŭصһ꣬
һ궼Цˣһ׳һ̤޴õָˣмص־͹үү㵥ߵĸκʣҵ
šܲ༤Ųὣɱȴϴס
磡ΪңǻᰡصҪϴ֡
ϴҡҡͷֹҪ³ç˲ᣬԪĲСôĶ֣
ǡ
ûпǣҪǵĵֵܣ黥ͨսԶǷֿսȵģҪۣ㱻ϴϣֹжؿ壬Ѱƽ֮


740 ԡѪ
һòֵͨŮһڵĶֵ̣ܣȻˣɱһɾͶûУ
ԣޱȣ֣˲оһɿֲϢֶţһ
壬ɱ
·ɫףѪǾŲѣ׷ܲ鿴Ѱˡ
ֵܣտʼֲϢסˣΪǴ٣֮˲ϲҲѭȥ
ಣಣ
ܳһͦθ׳Ӱź£ֶ˿Ե֮
Ȼ죬ֻʩչǹıһԼòһòǿ׳꣬ɫЩڣȣȴҪ˲١
֮죬зʮӣ֮ǰȣܴûм˿ϳ
֣ߣ꣬Զɫ䣬ΪǸľΪΪһϽе˳ˡ
⣬Ů̧һȭ
壬ɱ
ֲɱ¾֮޴ĽɫȭӰԵƣ֣֮ɱȭŮӶܲ˲䱻ȭӰ֣ɱɢһء
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ʧɫסǸߴ㲻ɱң
ŶΪΣ쵭Ƴһۣʵ
ɱң岻Źģ꿴Ȼͣ˶ʱһɣȻص
壿ǿ𣿡һ㶣漴ɫһ䣬ص
ȻˣεȺǵģƺûзɫ仯ΪԼĻ嵽죬ӻ
ŶԭͷǾͻӭɱˣ
һ˵꣬ʱѸײڶ֮ƣһȭԴϣֱӶˡ
ȫⳡסˣһľ֣亹
罣һߣأʲô˵ɣ˵Ҽɵģһ·
ҡǱһĵӣǸ׳̿ˮ
쵭ؿһĿƵһϣأ
ɫɷף峤
쵭ؿһһۣû˵̿ˮǰٴ֮һ
壿ߣһĿƵһϣˣ
òªϻһŻĸеۼףߵҪһЩͣɨţһ壡
һϡٵȺ֮һʵȴǲǵ츳ǶԶɱС
˽ⲻ࣬ƽ϶Էһ壬ֻǵսǰεݶѡ
Ǳû嵽ңɨһۣԣǱ
ԣɫʱѿеһϣ˲ˡ
ݰĹأһ飬֣ܲƺʲôͬץһһ㣬еص
˼Ҳʮ꣡һЦ
һסˣҲɫˣ𾪵Ըӡ
ʵȻʮˣҲ̫ûˣ
òôʮüˣô᲻ʮأ˵Ӥģûôˣ
ⳤЩżˣ
һ֣лڣˣһƬȻ޴һж˹
ԣһܿ㷴Ӧн޺ɱ졣
ߣһһռ⾳ʩչ˲ûӰϮ޵Ĺա
ˣȥĶˣɫ΢䣬ɲ
ʱֱһȭ䵽ԣȻɱȭ
޸ûԤϵ󣬶һô죬ֻá䡱һޱ㱻
޼״תӣңߵķ෴
ǻߣǶ˲䣬ʩչֱָӻ޵ĺԣҲǷɱԷУǱһץ
֣
һų˽ӰƺƴһֱɫĴƾճ֣ӰڷɣУ˲佫С
𣡡
ûһս֮ŭһѪ֮˲仯ԭΣһͷɸߵıܣ̧֣޴ƣ
۾һ˿ɫһЦҲֱһšȭӭ
䣡
һ죬Ѫɽֻһ֮Ǿ޴ıܣȴʮɣֻ޴Ѫģϵˡ
һĻֵȫ𺳵ˣĿɿڴ
𣡡
ܳʹٴ˹̧֮һֻ졣
һΣƽƽһȭٴνܺɡ
ʱʶΣգҲڹ죬תӡǣᣬӰһ˱ܵıϣһɱȭֱӺ˱ܵԴ
ֱ֮˶ԷĿռָˣص֮ǰսĸռָȻſֵˡ
лǰԮ֣
˿죬г˼ɵ֮⣬ǳϵ𾴡
ÿ֮ͣڰ֣ɱ¾þ
һ㶣ɻ󣬶ͻȻҲܰ׳յЩӦܿǱ㷴Ӧϴǰȷʵɱ¾þ
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һ㶣ĵС˶֪ΪǰΪȴһ֪أ
ǰɱ¾Ǿһ࣡ϴͷص
ԣϲѣ¶ϲɫλн·ߣ
˽Ӧ⣬㽫ǰɱ¾ǵ·߸졣
ǰǸɱ¾þϴʵ
ҡҡͷҪǰҸͬˣ֮ǰѪӶ԰봫ԣİ
һֵ̾ͷ
϶ڵѣҪǰɱ¾ǵĻҪȥԡѪǵѾʼˣҪˣͨӡǵޣǴᣬ¾͵ɱ¾ǣ
ԡѪǣһ㶣ֻ˵ɱ¾ǣԡѪǻǵһΡ
ԡѪɱ¾ǵżе߱ԡѪԡѪսֻʵŵһΣʸɱ¾ǣ͵


741 
ͨӡǽɱ¾ǵıرԡѪʱͿԻãʱնɱ֣ԻöԷͨӡǣӡԽ࣬ʾɼԽãʤ̭Ǽʵķ֮һμ࣬ܽɱ¾ǵģ°һϴŵ
Щ̭ô죬ѵҪصСĵطȴٻ첻ʵ
ϴҡҡͷ⵹һԡѪопԴԽСʱĵĴֻǺķһЩˣ
Ŷԭˣǿͨӡǣҿɫ΢䣬ƺЩʧ
һ㶣ϴˣͨӡػԡѪǵǰµӡǣģֻԡѪвʾҲֻɱ¾еܸӦԡѪɱӡǿԱ겻޷ӡǣǽԡѪǣҲֻߵһѣ޷뵽ɱ¾ǵǣ
ȻԡѪһֱţ𷢷ͨӡǵǰ뿪ˣʱѾûʲôȥȡӡˣ
˵Ļ콥ôһ£Ȼоֹ񣬵ǣҲ;Ĳпԡ
ɱ¾С֮أܽеģܾߵͣǾӢ
ˣȻ޷õͨӡǡ
ôȥԡѪɻص
ɫһ㶣صص̫пᣬֹֻɱ¾ڵľҲףֻһ֪꣬ʱµȽϺãΣյļʵһЩ棬ʱпɥ
һȻ˵飬ԡѪɱ¾ֻ˲ʺϡ
ˣԡѪǵķȥܲܵõͨӡǣȥ˵ջ
תʧӰ磬˵ʲô磿
ҹˣϴʧķ򣬸̾˵Լʮ꣬һΪһߣ
ֻжʮ𣿡϶
Ȼ񣬵Ȼ˵ˣҲûбҪƭǣϾòƭ̫ˣһҲϴ͵
ҵǾľӦò龳
龳ôܣ϶Ȼʧ
ɫ䣬Ⲣʲôϡ飬ٵۡսСǣҲսأҲûе龳
˵˿ٵۡսСǱȼ磿ϴüͷ΢壬
ͷ࣡
ĻҾпܣ϶Ҳڵ
ϴ΢̾һϧû˽ύһͬǶǿߣٵۺСǣɲ׽ӽ

ֵָܵʾ·ߣһʱ䣬ŵԡѪǸһ·˲ߣ壬壬嶼С
һ͵ˣȻ·˵Ȥ
ҶӦ˲ǣҲû赲졣
ԡѪһǳϵŵأƺΰ֮㣬ص󷨸š
ֻǱϿľж˭Ҳ֪
ֻɱ¾ǵżƣɱ¾ǣ֪ƴΰ
ʱԡѪǣѾǸ֮أһߵϢأӰϡ
̬˳ȴǱ߳Щˣˣ˲̧ų
ЩȥûģѾˣ
ԡѪǰ֮ⱻ߻ֳ򣬽һЩʱ̣֮еĴһ
ϾĴ඼ţûмЩòƷóֲԻȡһЩʯҩ͹似ķ
ԡѪǵĳţ֮ߣ·һŭŵ޿ڣŽߡ
ԡѪ޴Ĺ֣ǧ֮⣬ҲԿ壬ϡ
ԡѪÿһʱ䣬ǿ壬壬壬ʱȥˣͨǿ
ͨʯңв˵Щͷд󣬻Ὣ͵ɱ¾ǵſڡ
ʯң˵ǿߵϢ֮
쵽ʱ򣬿ͨһһΣһŰֺİӣһȣţҡӣһΪ̬ܵ
Щһ㶼ȣӳװ࣬ʲô
ңװ£һôҲһߡ
쿴Уһʾĸ֣ȻϢܸо˲˾ƿ
˲ò࣡
ѯһ֪ԡѪǵ֮һרŸ顣
ǰȡͨӡǣ֪ûл᣿ϵİ΢΢ݵ
ǣϢȥˣⰫӷ·˯һ㣬û죬еȴйɵȶš
ֹϢٴιݵǰȡͨӡǣ֪Ƿл᣿
Ȼ޶·ûһ
ʮϢȥˣ˻Ǳԭ̬һ
ף˭̫ˣȻ쿴ǽһ
ʲô̫ҶģĶˣĶˣܿ죬ⰫӴϷһӣͬһֻһ㣬ת˼Ȧ۾ǽǸ
Ϣ֮ʲôҲû֣ϵɫˣ죬ŭصСӣˣң
쵭һЦǺǣʧʧҿˣ
ߣСӵӣ֪ʲôöĶģʲôӲֻװװװˣһۣһ˿ɫ漴ʵ
ǰμɱ¾ǵģ΢Цص
ʲôһ㶣۾˲ԲԹ鿴죬μ
ǣͷ
СҰɣû˯Ѱɣֻһı飬
СԷ飡Ȼ
˵̿רΪ׼ģ˿ûʸ񰡣ƺ첻ڵ٩Լ͵
ǰСӾˣЩԼȻһЩҲںڳ̿ɣңԼֻһģˣôˣⰫ治ã
ˣûиΪϹͣӶԲμˣƲƲ죬
ǰҪٵ٩Сˣһʮֻ꣬ǳЩżˣ̰ѣһԿԼȴװͿ׽ŪԼ
ŶԭˣòżһЩӻȻ򣬵ͷ˫ֱ󣬵˵μɱ¾ǵ
ǣͷ
ڰ֣㻹߰ɣڲˣͨӡǵķѾǰˣ
һɫ΢䣬һ˿ʧѵûбİ취𣿡
ҡҡͷûͨӡǣ޷֤ԡѪǵԡѪ֮սûʸɱ¾ǣǹأ


742 þ
̾һЩΣŰ΢΢ǰˣǣ
˵꣬㿴һԡѪڣǱ󷨸˵Ĺ磬˼ȥ
ûͨӡǣ޷ɱ¾ǣʵǽڣֱӽɱ¾ǣ˰ӵֹشݳһϢ
ԣͣ˽Ųһϲɫ첽ߵǰǰԷ飿
˵ʲôˣһɻ󣬲ص
֪һװͿһӣҲһˣΪ硣
ǰ˵ǽڣֱӽɱ¾ǵǣ𣿡
÷ֵСָͶ䣬ô£ֻǴţϹʱڳֹһˣǽڣɱ¾ǣ
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֪ԡѪǵܣ֪ĻԼȥ̽Ӱڰ֣ʼ졣
üͷ΢壬ԡѪж֪ѰۿĽڣҪҵˣ
ⰫӲ˵ҲǿѣŰ΢΢һתȥ
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òԱߵʯϣ
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ЩϢ˵һ·ˣ
Сӻ治һ㣬͸֪ǼСôкϷˣŵĶԾڴӰʧҰУ
˵ֻ꣬صϣ۾ҡǰȡ

һԡѪǣӭһŨŨѪ֮͵һһ˲仹Ӧˡ
طĲͬƺʾϾߣѹơ
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ֻһӰɶʮ⣬ſһ̲Ѫеĳֵ֣ؿ죬һĲ˼顣
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˱ڵϣ˫ֳȥҪԶ죬ҪɱңҪɱң
Ҳûɱ㣬ȴҪɱңԣĿһۣһƻ˵Ҫӣȴסʩչһֶȴ޷ĥΪͨӡǵػ
ǹӡǣңĲңʶ΢˲УǵͬͨӡǱ˲ճޡ
ջ˾쿴ĵսϮɱڸĵطжٵ˵أ
ȻɱԴѪҾͳΪĲþ߰ɣǵո
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һ·޲࣬Ϊųǳڣ߱Ƚ϶࣬ԣ޵ټҲ
Խ޽ҩҲ˲٣ƷױȽϵһЩ
רɱ壬ߣһ·Ҳɱ˲ߣ߳Ϊþߡ
֮󣬲þߵŽԡѪΪ֪
ܶ߰ոճֵһЩȽϣһΪ˲Щš
ЩŵûٵۡսСˡ
ܲþǿֲ˶С
ɴ˿ɼС˵ǿĵģ
û˵þնɱʮǿߣÿһǿ龳۷ĸְ
ֹ˵һۿأǰڵֱֱۣ֮ûߣǿֲ
þߵĳָ޼Ѱ·һ㣬һֲĴڰ

ĳЩطһЩۼһ໥ţþߵĳ֣ͬʱһЩʱȥġ
þ߿Ϣȫ˵ĸо·ǲһ㣡ֶΣǸ
ƲþӦĳһǿɱ֯ϮɱֶΣЩţҲһУ
þߵս飬ֱһЩ˺ܾõϹһÿζСĸĿ꣡

𣬲ԡѪڵвþߵĺպԡѪ⣬þߵĴҲ
˵гһ徫Ӣרɱթߣ׺쳣
ôû˵˶ڴأʲôþߣս̫ˣ˵Щһսʵ
Ͳ֪˰ɣþǿҲֻһĸ֣ҪٵۺսĸȣɾͲһˣ
֪ʲôҵòþһ㶼˵ÿγ֣Ӳգû˭

һЩ߶ڲ²þߵݣһЩһ˱Լ
Ҽþߣ벻Ȼʵ
ţˣ˭Űһ˵Ҽأ
ģûмǰѯԡѪͨӡǵǸ壡
˵ǸҤĴ尡Щӡ󣡡
˵ǿǲþߣ˼ֻǳЩ죬ɫڶѣôҤĴˣ֪ЩûĻʶã˼ƤнɫǣһĸСһģ

һʱ䣬Ϊþߵĺճڳľۼأ׷ϡ

쿴ǰޣû˿ľ⣬һ
һ˿׻ѪޱȣȴҲǿս
ǰ弶۷ޣײ쳣Ѫв߱ʳˡ
ĻѨһݺ̲ݣĿǺ̲ݣնɱֻӴġ
ĽնɱޣˣܵģʱҲˣûһս֮ȫ˵ġ
þߵĴ쳹һƬв߽ţ·ҪհżˣһЩ˻ͬУܾˡ


743 ɱ
ɱ壬ߣʱῴƾƷõģɱָһ£ǰһ£Ʒõģͳͳɱ
Ȼʱ䣬϶֪˭Ʒã˭Ʒ͵Ѫȵɱ¾ȥ˼̫ࡣ
ģþҪսˣɴ
һϢܿһƬдˣЩϢͣеĶٸѨǧ֮ԶҲͣ
ʲôþߴսкϷˣ
ҵҪþߵжǿǲ紫ֲõļ鷽
һβþ߿鷳ˣѾвר׷ɱþˣ˴εõλãǻӵ

ԶԽԽ࣬·ûзһһضǰޣеĺɫ΢΢·Ҫƿأɱ
𡭡
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ɳɢȥ׹ӿ羢ſѪڣٴ죬ǰϣһѪۣѪڵһѪߡ
ɫ䣬һӶ˫ֳݺݵغڻצϣ뻢צӴһ˲䣬ͷų
һǶ޴Ӱɶǿֹʮ⣬ȴǱɵʮ⣬صҵ˵ϣһ޴ӡ
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ȴ޷վȣΪֻצѾзˣһΪȻнһ𣬵ǹˡ
ģþ߸ˣ
ʲôˣûʶǻצŪзˣˣ
ˣ㿴þߣһ£

ʹ̼µޣ˿Ŀ־壬ֻӵײУ˻һٱ
ô⣬Ӱһڿն𣬸߾֮ͬ˲伲Ӷն
һΣĹ㿪ˣĹȴǺڻͷϣһϸѪ۴ӻ쵽ǣѪⷭ˳Ѫֱ磬·ͷһ
ֻǱʮɣûбԤңס֮ٴ졣
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찡Ҳۻ˰ɣȻþնɱˣ
ûиôɾ͸㶨ˣûôҰ
漣þ߿ˣ̶ʱնɱһ˿˺ۣ򵥰

ڸԶɽïֺܵ棬ۼżȺߣÿһԭײݵģ񣬼Ҫ̻ˡ
ǣնĹ֮оǾ֮ɫ
̫ײˣǲǶ֣
ѵɱǣ
ǻô죿ǿδǵʵʮغ϶֧Ųˣ
뿪ɣԺжʱҪܿˣֱһħ

նɱվڻϣϸһ޴Ļʬн˸裬ƤȻ࣬һ顣
ĻǡƤ޺˱ͬʱó˫ɽĻͻͶ붦Уȡ˵ϵĴѪڼһЩȪ֮ˮ͸Ȫ֮ˮͶ˼ҩ϶ǣף
ڸʲôԶȺһĻɴ۾ޱȡ
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Ĺ⾫ѪǴ֮˵ϺõԴΪǿ
ģҲ̫ݳˣոƺһƿȪˮɣ
ֹˣһܻīΣ׵ݣǹݳ޵ģɷҲ

һΧ۵߿ˮֱ˶޲óߡ
첢ûпԶһۣ΢΢¶ЦݣȻЩ㡣
˫ڰŹת߽Ѩ˺̲ݣȻų
ǰ˫Ҳû˸ǰߡ
Ƭ֮󣬶ɢŨŨ㣬Уɢȥ
ѽ̫ˣˣ
찡ĥҰˣ
үҪܳһ޺ˣ
үûϢҪӣһǲŽ޺
ʵ̲סˣΪʲôô⣿

ԹȴסŨŨɢһлδǰĶˮֱðŨŨоһ̹
ôãûһ˿ĸоǿһҲؽ
ֹһӣףҿ˶ǣڵĹĵЦˡ
ʩչһ·֮⾳ŨŨ㴵ɢȥӵǧɵķΧǵЩ߶
ѽ㣡
һӣץһ黢⣬һҧ鲻Խ̾
Զ˫ĿʧضеĻ⣬ˮ˳֪
Եĺܿ죬ھͽһʮĻˡ
֮ûͣ˼ٴóһĻ⣬á
˭ȥ⣿
òͷˣ
ҩȥһ飬֪ɲԣ
֪еȥɣҲң

첻һȫװ˶ԣˡ
֮Ծ˫еһδ촽һ̬óһǩ졣
ȥ𣿼ʮĻⶼԹˣ
ҵѽֱһޣ˰
ٽ㹻ˣ⼸ʮﻢ⣬ͱôɳˣװ𣿡
㿴ӣƺδ
θţһôô죬ûԱץǰɣ
пܣϿߣ˵ز˾
飡˼ҶĶҪ

˲䣬ԶȺʧˣĿֲθڣŻЩߣЩ壬֮Щı壬һ˵Ϻõʳģǿɲײе߳Ե
Ҳ룬ŵԶӴܶȥģҲҪþߡ
˵𣿲þɱȫɹԵˣ
ɣþ߳
ֲ̫ˣײеþ߳ˣ
⻹ˣȴ˳ˣ
þ䣡þ߰



744 ޼VSĶ
ܿ죬նɱ䰾ȫԵ飬ڳڳ
һſڵĴݣþնɱɹԵ˵˲þֱӻ
ôĴţþߵһ
þߺڣһս
˭ǲþߣҲҸұһ
þһ⣡

֮󣬰սþ⡣
һʱǰһǸʦݳһؽƷϡ
Ҫʲôʦ
þߵĺһģߵ
һʱһóһɫƤݸǰרױµʦ
Ҫʲô¼ףʦʵ
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һʱһóһѿʯϣʦҪ
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þ֣߰ߵ
е󣡡ʦ΢΢ü
ûϵҳۣߵ
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һʱ䣬þ߳Ŀеż񣬴Ҷ׷ģװκʹԲþΪģ壬ԭٵۡС˵żߣתӽǣע˲þߡ
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һֻ̺һʱͿյģǲʱпܱ
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ʮʱһ۹ȥˣþߵȻûǼôȣҲȻͷ
Щʱ첢ûдĵس֣ŪܶĶһα˺ڰе񣬶ԼϮɱƽ
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˵꣬һһɫӰ˵罣һҲ°
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첻Ϊ⣬꣬ʲô֣
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˲䣬ɫˣ֮죿
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Ȼ֪㣡ǱӵĦ룬ɱ㣡ɱҲһסҽабɢɱгһ裬üġ
һӰţƥк͵£һֲĽâһֱ֮Ӵ˶ֵĽԪ
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ʮڵľ磬ս֮ǿһУԼ벻˭ʵ
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ڿһ棬սԶĵطһʮɸߵĹͦţʮöƲӲӵ״ӣɢŨζ
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һĻŲµöȨˣ˵ӣǲǰߡ
˵ʮöǼֻööżҪüʱܳ죬ƿԵȵһˡ
⼣󣬹һʱңöͳ׳˰ɣ˿ǻƲӲӵϲѣʶƵսϣֹɣúôöӾ͹ˣ
Ϣ䵽£ҹڤʥµļӳ֣Ƕ֣ϸ̽飬֪Ĵڡ
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ŮһһβӰֲ赲˶ӣַ裬ջһӡǣ˲γһɫľβӰӣ˾޴ĶӰ


745 
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Ȼɽ΢΢·صȻˣƺ˿Զо޴޸
ʶһսɫ΢΢һ䣬ְ޴Ĵڣ弶۷壬мʮֻ
Ⱥ壬˵һ޴вĿǰʵ޷ֵסô޵Ĺġ
ô£ԶļҲ쳣ֹͣսһصؿɽ
죬ϢɢᣡĶսʱ̬
˲䣬˵ɫˣٴһͦС
ʲôҲֻڵ޶ѣȻɱҪӣȷʵκβ˵ģ޼мɨһˣڵ
˳Ĭ˵Ƶѵ㣬һעһޡ
⡭⡭
ԽԽˣ˵Ұг޵ӰӣһֻȣżʮֻȽǿޣڶҲֻɵľ롣
ʱΧѾöĹˣԳ
һתתɵľ룬ڿš
ֻǣǳ֮ڵʱ򣬱㿴һӰڹԱߣһӣöӰ
󵨣ȻȳǶ޼ûп˵ӣŭʩչɱȥ
ĶȴһЦ⣬ѾʩչĹˮȴ̺һ˿ɱ⡣
ӰӶɫ΢ͣͣתӡ
У޼ͺĶ֮еκһսټĸʵǿĸ֣ذɣгٻ޵
ңɵǣȺֲޣǵڲš
䡭
һֲĹֻʮɵľ룬Ȼ⣬ӲٶԼļ£任λãһɽȡ
ȻԡѪǣ
ͣ£ұ

ĻЩ˵Ļƴطš
ģһЩߣЩ˿ӣо֣ɻѡ
ףⲻǸþôܵô죿
ǲþߣǵʲôǿ˰ɣ
ǸϿܣþ߶µޣȻ֮һϿܣȻˣ

ӣɻ֮󣬷һԶȥ
ס԰׷ߣ
ߣǡӶ޼
ǶӶ޼ǸŮӣǾβĶ
찡ǿ׷ɱþߵʲôˣôֲĵˣ
ʱȺڶ˿ʼɫ
ޣ찡ôܰһﶼˣ
޳𣿿ӶǳŲþ߶ȥģ
ż񰡣׷ɱô

׷˵þ
ʲô찡ֲ޶ˣ
׷ûնɱþߣ

ܿ죬ڱ׷ɱĹУ˶֪׷
ЩϤߣ·ߵǰ棬ԣⲻһսġ
֪ܱ֣ܿܿܲһӭԼѵĻᡣ
ԣ׷ʮʱ޶ˣΪǿ˴Ƭߣ㽫עתƹȥɱȥˡ
ǣȻǧߣокĶͶ޼
ʱ죬˲ˣЩˣ޷ܿӲġ
䲻ȴӰս
ʶҡҷ޸ڵĴˡ
仺ٶȣٴμӿˣ
ǰĹ߽еȻע⵽һ㣬ȴҲû⣬һӳ˴˲ʧӰ
ʮϢ֮һһӰɱƬƵĴ֣Զͣ˽Ų
޼ͺĶվȺǰüͷԥ
Ǵ󵨣Ȼҽ
յ򰡣лʼ޴ڣ
ҵͦػ˵滹иΪǿĴڣʼǰһ

𣬼ÿжŨŨĲ֮ɫһЩ۵ʧ֪þ߱סҲᱻ޼ͺĶȥǸûʸȾָ֮ԸҪþߴսλߵŵġ


746 ХǺȸ
޼ūҲҪˣȥˣϿȥɣ˵ǼһڲԶĶȻһЦһʧķ
޼һ˿ݣһҲҪˣҪϲĻͽȥɣϾԴֵӦԶɱȵģԻɭҲס㣡
ǺǣҶԼʵǱȽģԻɭִ޾£ҿԽ˵ģٳһ˻ɭпֲڵĵģĶҡͷһԻɭ֣ת뿪ˡ
޼ʵؿһ۴ȭͷĿЩ֮
þߣϣãܹصͺһ䣬޼Ҳתԭ·ء
ǿ뿪ȺҲˡ
˵˵þǲκһλĶ֣
ǿþߵʵȻСһΪһλĶ֣
ûۿֻĶԾһ۶ģþߵʵĿãûһ֮УҲǴڶУ
ţþȻǿģص֮һҿ˶ãٴιйزþߵķ籩

ģԻɭ֮һ뿪ˣƬ̵ɭأٴγ
һԻɭ֣ʲôҲûж룬һ񱼣Ƭ֮˽Ųʶչɨȥûз׷ɱߵӰʱһ¡
ָܿо˹Ź֮
ټɭ֣ľ죬ּ˿˿ͬĵطΪԣ˵֮ȴûһ˿Ѫ֮ûһ˿޻ĺۼ
мһɸζ·кܾõѾûˣоÿ£ûзûҶֻĴ
ɫʼ˹ľУǰȫش
ʱΪЩ׷Լûм׷ɱ·ˣ֪Ƭ֣˽йһЩϢ
óһ˵ĵҩȥ˼ǲԭ·أ뿪Ƭ׵ɭ֣Ǽ׷ɱҲܶѡ
ֲѡƺΪ˾
ΧĻǳİѾĸܽģܲһ˿·µĺۼ·ͻȻġ
Ȼ˽Ƭɭ֣򵥵һι仯ʶ׽ԤʾΣա

Ȼһһɾ磬Ҷɳɳ죬·޳ûһ㡣
𡭡
Ȼһ뵽ޣһ޺𣬻Хɽӣ춯أֲһҡΣɫһƬſһɽѪ𾪵ؿķ
ֻǸ򣬲ľҶӷ׷ױ޺䣬ۼڰգγһҶڴУԼߺƹƹ˷籩һ㡣
ϸ۲һ£ЩҶһ޴޵״ӲϵĺϮϣ·ޱһ
תƬ̲Ҷһʮɣ෴ķɱȥƿ
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֮ǰ˵һս֮ѲڣҲ˵ùȥ
һΣҪ˵һս֮ˣܲ˳ѣ⡣
һԷͬһ󳡾ֲ̺ƻԲͨ޿ġ
쿴ʼޣҲδؿ
ԷƺѾشӵԼķԼĹ֮⼸ʥӵеֶˡ
Ѳһֻʥޣ
һ룬콥о
޺ڳţδ˿ļϢƳ񣬷·Ժɽһ㡣
ӵʱʶչ·طƺЩϸ΢ı仯
һ𣬹ͨ˴ıط
𡭡
ʱһҲһ೤Ʋӥ𣬲֮ǰǵһԵ񣬶Ǽ߿ͷԷΣﲻŽѪ
̵ģ⵽ʲôطôôֲļһﰡ⻹ɽˣҪҪ˻ˣʹһ޸Ĵŵµٶȣδ֡
ϣҪбļһˣȻӻᱻǳģԵһ콫ռ⾳ͷ֮⾳ʱںһ𣬼ٷ
໡
ǣɱʮϢ֮һǺ֮ԻɭеĲľҡ죬ǱֲĺӰصڵϣٴ˼ڽѪ
ֵؿһǰԶԶĵطԼԼһ𣬵ȴľסˣղǺǴﴫġ
ˣ˵죬ȴԼⱲӵù˶ײһˣĸ򶼴˿ֲ޺·ΧԼһ㣬ÿһƺ׽Լ
ֻһƬɭֶѣΪôֲĴڣ
·һʱֻʣһˣô룬Ҳûѡ
ֲֿĺļлǱһӶȥ
֪ǲֻһֲ޺ΧԼûѡĳ飬ҲˣǸֲڵļлУ£˭ȴһЩ˿һҫ
˵ǺأĴˣȴᣡ
ĸָɻ
Сװڹϣ㻹˯ûһҲɤȻЩԺ컹ûеľأ
еСףʵʶݷޣ쿴ϣɤõģҪޣ·ƽһħ뷢
ǣҪʱ̣ȴΪ棬Щż
ʵûע⵽ʶеһ˲䣬̾ڽһֻ۾ɨһԪһɲǣ¶˲мĿ⣬Ȼб۾Ρ
ʱ죬һֽ첻Ӧеز飬ٶȻܿ죬ǺȣȻϵƺԺǣӰж
޺ûͣϢռطڲš
ģĲȫˣٶҲҡҡλεģһСľͻ
ģʶƺȫģˡ
ʧȥʶ赹һ˲䣬ƳԶһ꼫Ϊ׳Ĺ·еһ㣬ɢŵ֮ʥޱȡ
ֻƳ˶ݵһɲǣȥˡʱھԶĵطһ꼫ΪߴϵĹ쿴һ˾Ȼаֱ֦򰾢һʥ֮
ϣмȻ͵һȻһ۾бӣͣһк룬Щ룬Ȼ١
ֱһó˾


747 
ƺѾӰüͷ΢΢һ£붯˼£һ֦صԼ˵£ƽҶϣȻӷһ˿˿ǿڡ
ֻոһֹͣˣŹ¶˾ȵı飬˲ϵ
Ǹ˲õСһھȻһλֳ֦ɣ̾һʱǧ꣬ٴμ˴˵壬һδٿҪˣ
˯ɣ˯˾ȥأˣܼ˵ϣǲϣ
˵ţ¼ϸ֦ظĶͷһƬ͵
⡭
һŲӰӻͣǰɴ˼ۻ˯죬ɫŹֵؿ˹
СһҲ̫ˣֻǽϵȴҪҺСһãбﻤȻ϶ᱻǸĥ·Ӱȴºͣڳ
ӰȻϵܣƺûκεļɵһӦ硣
֪Сҹ۲ܾˣǸֵҲõУɲᳯһֻ߲Ļ׻޿ˣûһ׺֮һ׽֮Уһ˲ʶһɻè
ֵˣһ𣿡º͵ˣ뻢޽̸š
Ҳǣ֪СڲǰݼҵĺӸųˣ֪ǿмʮصô˵ҲսԶֶӵĺͱСһȪҩˣǰԵģûйܰԿޱԹһһ⣬ǽס˿ˮ
ʱһͷһ״޿ˣսһߣڵϣ죬ͷ򵥰Сˣٰ⣬ǳ
ԣХ˵ĲҲСӰúò۵ӣһֻëĿȸͦŸ߰ͷ­˵
޷·ҵ֪һ㣬ͷս㿴Ҳ޳ҵĽ飬Ҫˣôˣ
սЩȻ˵ȸʲôʱҲһˣҼǵǰǳصģ
ڱ仯ڸĳԻˣȸص
ţʲôʱ£սͬʵ
ȸ޵飬ЩĶߵĺ棬ȴҲһζòƺܲ
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ιèô˵ģХʲôʱ빷Ϲˣ㿴ôӢʴ칷ǵ֮һȲϣ̫û۹ˣХǲص
Ӣٷ磡ӢĴڣҪȥץֻʴ칷˹⣡սͷ
ȸһ۾һ뷨ҲХǰһԣ
Хһҡҡͷ˰ɣĶȥץôõʱȥˣʴ칷һûлŵĶ֪˰ɣȸòҲ
Хһ˵꣬ȸͺͺβͻȻ˼ƯβᣬݺݵسǱϣʹХǱԶҧһԹصͺë˵˵ѣô
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㣡սһХǣص
٣㻹㣡ǲܰǸɹͷХȳŵأֱӣֻǰצӣָս
ȸһĺ̬սƲͷȥǣֹÿһζһӮң
ˣҪˣ
ʱˣֹסֻ޵Ĵ֣СһúϢһ£ˣͨڼأ
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԰ʲôٵۣС𣬻зСҲǸСͺҲ򵥣ǧǰͺӲɣˣһֻӣХǵ
ȸһХǣףͨԳĶҪϼһ֪ôĺĹͷŹ֣
ʲôأҪֻҪĴŷӣХƲƲ죬Ϊص
ȸԱˣﰵ޳ܹͷĸ֡
ȷʵ⼸СһжһеǴܵеǹתзֻأߵĳ̶ȣҲ֮У΢΢̾һŵϵ죬ΨСһȻһһ·ܶߵĸ߶ȣԣҪǿ
ǣٺãûӣز۵ģµ϶׷ɱģȸüͷ
õģܻ۹ⳤԶվΪģص
ҪǶѡһ԰ɣеĴڵСһﲻ٣ս
ҡҡï֦ҶУŵĹأбƣȿɣʵڲУˣһǿһ
ðɣģ޲ۣŵϵ죬ϣԺл㲢ս
˵֮սһХǣȥԣСˣкöԣ
ȥХǵ
ڵȥսػһ䣬һݣ˲ûӰ
ȵңХǴ󺰵һХԶȥֻпȸԭأԣŪԼȱβᣬ

һΣεԼһֻ˹һֻͺβɽȸһֻҰè
Ƿֱȡ֣˹С£ͺβɽȸСȸȸֻҰèС
ֻСһߣԣɹɹ̫찾ԣڵ
һ죬ڲݴɹ̫СſԼԴԣԼա
СҪˣȻһèɧζ첻˦˦ͷܿСͷ
ǣСܲ
ܲ
ţԭһΣʱʶղŵһУֻǻһΡ
Ķô
۾ΧһУȣ㿴ߵսеС찡ΣСԺģһΪأ


748 Ѫ¾ؾ
ս壬Ķˣһצ죬õ֮һ֣Ź֡
ǣ죬һζĹֹССɣ⣡ڣôжУǷģ
һѽսڻУʹۻͷңңèͷָв
̣
̣
̣
Ϊԣɣ͵û
ҧ۾ƾԴ
˼£컹ͣˣսڵϣվΧĻüͷֹҺ赹˰ɣôʲôطСȸȸСȥˣʲô˰ɣ
ޱȴ׳ʱ˱һ㣬סˣĿɿڴؿǰ컯㾪˶ʮϢŻع
ԼԼǵãԼڻǰƺ޴Ĺ
컯񹤰ôôҪܳǰĵĸ̾
СһӭѪ¾ؾظ֮̾ʱ˵ˣºͶ滺ȴһĵʮ֮⣬˼ؿǰһС
ɾˣʵ̫ףԿ飬һЩĴǣҲб˳
ǺǣСһ˼΢΢һЦôΪ
ǹף쾪̾ѣŻعһݣǰ
ʱˣ֪һ˵Ĺֻûлζѣô˵Ҫһǰ
ܿ쾲ǳ⣬Сһﲻÿǧȥˣĵһߣ
֣üͷ΢壬Ҳ룬ٴιŹһݣлǰľ֮
ЩС£ҳݣص
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ǰȣСӿֲֻˣгɣһҪշǸ̾һȭͷɫ
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սһĻ㱩
СӣȻҽүҵҡ㣡ˣСӣ˭򣡻̰ɣԺлᣬһҪСշ˳裡ս˼ţȴûгǿŽСèĽɫ
ףСôˣսڵϴȥ첻ʵ
Ļܿ죬սָؾصߵĽ£ſڵϣͷԹؿ
үʱ˲ã;ⶣ͸㵱ɣ
սһ쿴ǰ˵Ѫ¾ؾô£ôû˵ԡѪ𣿡
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찵Ը̾һҵãյأȴ
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һȻ֪ǴģҲ򵥣ʼ˾ͷֻһأսŶѪڣսȻ
ǰȷʵԶΪ崫Ϊһͬ޶֣Խһ󾳽նɱˣǧǰѾʥˣ콫ԼйʵĴ˵·ʧһ㣬ҲûѶ
һ΢΢пţҲĴ½̨磡
ͣһ£ŵԽɱУǽѪ¾ؾߵĻЩҲǲģ
һĻ΢΢죬ΪԽս԰һЩ룬ֻѪ¾ؾɸѡ
һȲҪʶһİٹأԼЩŻԻսš
ǰ֪ʲôʱԲμӴٹ
ʮʱԺ󣡡
ͷԼһҪһõս

봳ػʮʱҲż£
սܿӦԼĽɫſһԣ۾ȴХǵ
ȸ֪תһȦֱ֮䵽ļϡ
Сȸȸȥˣȸֱӽ䵱ԼξҰɽȸǵʵ
ĻȸסˣûзӦ
찡ʲôСȸȸһߣȻɳˣСһǲǳԴҩˣѲ֪֮ǰ飬ڱ𣿡
Ӧʱ򣬿ȸҪˣҺսȰŰ
ɲ֪ܶǵݣȸҲǰԱսж˰ڵϴתȥţѧèؽš
һĻȸٴסˣ˰죬ҲԼڵһսһĵλʱĳ
ķʣౡؽ˼׳Ĭˡ
Ȼо֣ȴҲûжʡ
սȸĽ֮󣬴Էᣬе
⣬ǿȸһΰۡ
໡
ԶһǺȻû֮ǰֲҲ˲侯˱ս״̬ضԶĴ֡
䡭
ͻȻһӰҵ˵ϣֱӽҳһӡ
ȥȻһֻӴĴرܣվʮɸߡ
ֻرٲȻһʬ壬ƺոȥãѪַӡʬУû˿ʧ


749 ٹ
Ӵʬ쵹סˣΪǺеֻˡ
ʱȴսͿȸ˷ܵطɱȥʬϣȥġ
쿴棬аĳ
ÿһδԻֻﶼʬš
ֻǣʱֻССȸȸûпС£Щ̫࣬һֻ
еǰܿеؿԶǺķ򣬴ССȸȸе
ȸսһһ㶣˲ôˡ
촫ХǣҪ¶ȸ
ţսӦʣ㴫ȴХǲ֪ʲôطĳˣʬϣһǺ
һС£һϲһǺ֮ɫ΢䣬ҲЩ⡣
л𣿡սͿȸ˲վһӣ봫
ХĪذЩӦֱսһ֮󣬲Żɥصͷߵǰ
ظХǵͷ˳˳ëĳصС°úõѧǽأǲʲôöǰأҪǰȣҿ¾ѾˣС°ԺҪһ㣬ҪܣΣգҪǣҿɾͲ㣡
ĻХޱȵı޲˺Ƭ
ȫҶΰХǺòãС£ʲôͲȡһģ˭˵ǲǺöˣӾǺöӲŲǶأ񣡡
ХţȴҲҷԶȸսĹ飬ޱȣҲֻΧתһȦͷһȣҧѧ˼Уſڵϰ
Хǣ⹷ѧûڵǺ͹ͬԴˣսֻشȤ
ߣҲòȥСèХǺ޺޵һ䡣
˰죬ҲûпǵӰӣһֹӦǹǰ壬ˣ
漴ϵľ޴ʬǲ⡣
һֻ߼ްɱַס˾ѪʧǣѾһʥˡ
ֻǣԷһʬʲô˼
ͣ

׼ģ
˼⣬㲻ȥˣټʬֻﴹѵ飬ע⡣
ǺͼȻˣҾȨˣ
˵꣬㶯֣صʬֽˣȻһһ
ǻʼޣѪ̺ȻȵģοлսļҩṩؾеȪһ⣬ױ
ֻ˰Ѿܲˣصĵˡ
⣬ȫȸХǺսһˡ
ϣտҲ˫һ𾪡
ս飬ɫ죬տ˿Ż
Сӵı飬϶ģսſڵϣȸХǡ
ΪبǰԵģХǵ
بʥƣմȾѪȣСӿˣȸ
˵СӴˣҲпܳģ㣬ǰմȣأԵıһ࣡ս

ʮʱת˲ţ콫Լ״̬ڵ۷塣
ٹص֮أֻа֮Զȥ֮ǰص֮ʲôӡ

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΢΢һЦһϸָ֦һʯϻ˷µ󷨡
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׹һʯϳһϵĹͶӰ
ʱ峪ɬѶͬʱ֦ڹϵ㻭˼£׹˲𣬻Ӱͻأʧˡ
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ɽʧˣǰƣһƬ
ʮ⣬̨ףÿһߣһɣɡ
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ʯ¶ϣÿʮɣһ䣬ÿִڣµ࣬ԽԽ١
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ÿһصѶȶţʮأʮ˹أʮأʮŹأʮĹأʮأڰʮһغ͵ھʮŹظΪһ󿲣ѿԽϰһأֻڴ˵δйߣͲڣ
ÿһһĻôÿһ󿲾һһأ͵񻰰ɣСͨ˾ʮŹصĿ飬ֱӳˣûмеĵһٹأ
쿴ž޴ʯǰģɱУն
ҪԼȥ̽˵ÿһδأӦĽһض޷ͨĻôΪ㣡
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ʣһ·ս˵ھʮŹأǴ˵еĵһٹ⣬Ѿûʲô赲ġ
һٹصǿհ׵ģûκ֣·˵û˿ͨһٹء
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Ȼû˵ǵ֣ܸܵжֲһֱ꣬ʱڣһһĴܡ


750 ɱ¾أϣ
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ÿ˶ԼܣҲûѯΪλʶЩ֣ۺͰҲûмҽӹ֮ǰѾڴˣľ㣬ȴӡҴΪ֮һһֲͣ㽫ľ֮֮˰ĲΣɼжֻôȥˣ֪ʲôΪ
Ĭˣľ㣬˵ľ֮壬ԣ츳ѾһֳȻĳ̶ȣҲ˻߰壬ȴԼЩңϾغ͡ľڣЩ˵ˡ
һľһһǿߣ͵ۺ裬ҲǸʱʽǿߡ
Ҳֻǲμгֵģ֮УŻûֳЩţ˵бʻǿĴڡ
Ŀ뿪ʯʯļʯţǰǲǻᴫ͵ս
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ʵǿģǿʵģͬһУսжǿǼŵõı׼ս
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Ҳ룬ǹսһΣûʩչԴȺ֮У绢Ⱥһ㣬ɱķ

ڶˣʯϵ˵ڶսû˿ľȣЩٶе
һ򵥵Ĺذ˵ˣһеţҲͨҪ죬Сӵıֲ̫ðХҡҡͷ֦⣬ڿʼ۹ˣСӸû˵ô㰡
һضģܶԴأָҪ˷ѶʱأսУʱ˵ҲҪģѸ֮նɱˣռȡϵʤȸ
ƺûиıԼ뷨˵½ۻΪʱ磬ȥɣ

ʮΪǿֻ֣鷳ȴûв
ԣʼգ춼ӦԣʮΪĥʯĥԼĽսʵ
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һ֮ǰһ߱նɱ֮󣬶ʮʬ廯ɢ֮С
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쿴ս޷вԣû˿ĳɣǹ˵ȺĥԼĽսʵ

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ûлػȸȴˣҪǰСߵˣȥʲôٵۡսСǸСҲУʵڲУͰֻץɣΪǵı־ԱСҪúܶ౶
УûСӲߣռҺüʱıأؾУԣսƺȸĽ飬
ͬ⣡ȸХһۣͬ
Բصȴš
ֳ֮˵Ĺص
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751 ɱ¾أ£
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ĵȴɣ֮Ҫú˵˵Хǵ

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ңʮصսϣ쳣ϡԪߣڴ˵սĻҪԪĺķѺͲ䡣
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ȴǴӦԣǹ裬ҽһ죬·Чȴĺá
Ϣʱ䣬նɱһˡ
Ӳȴǳһپʬ塣
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Īǻеˣĳ棬첻뵽
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أ
˲䣬˱ɳȥڵϣѾ׷ǰǹһӣ˲üġ
ʬ˲仯ɢˡ
һ£ڳ˰׹⣬ʮأ˳ͨʱӡ

ףСӾȻͨ˵ʮأʲô˰ɣХǿֳڵʮһصʱɫ΢΢ȣ
ҿСӵͨʮأȥȸ
սʱɫͬûзֹ֮
ʲô֮ĳˣ΢
ǣսҡҡͷСӴӵһؿʼÿһضӣѵ𣿡
԰ÿһصѶȿǴǵģһģСӵı֣ƺоǰʮضһӣûʲô𣡡ХŷӦɫ΢䣬
һСǰǹΪ֮İɣ׾ˣ֪ʵսûֳûȫʵĻ˼ˣȸҲȵ

ǰʮһأӵʮһؿʼս仯һΣһɭ֮Уĵˣޡ
ʮֻޣÿһֻʮֵĹеһƴжҪǹ˲һЩ
طʮһӰꡣ
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ʱһĹȥˣ߹أ˳ޣÿһʱӣճ˵ʮ˹ء
طѹԽԽǿˣƺҲѹãоԼϸһĸɡ
һΣĵֲһֻǿޣһֻɸߵ弶߽׵ķħԳֻ޴ħɢŨŨħ
ħԳǶսħ֮һͬ弶߽ףսͬħУǿ֮һ׵ͨħһս
ħԳԱײУսӲͣϢֱ˲Ż֡
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һǹУʮʮ֮޵ǹӰӿգֱӽħԳ飬˹
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Сӳʲô鵤ҩȻôͨ˵ʮ˹أڵʮ˹ض˲㣬ޱȡ
СӲصÿ湻ģûп͸ʮ֮һȸ૵
ٶȣСһߵȥХǵ

ӵʮŹؿʼĶǿħޣȷħԳҪǿÿһضֻһֻսεš
ֱʮصʱһӱֻħޣսҲƿֲһЩ
սޱȣӲֻħ޻Ϊ˹죬ֻǱѡ
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뵽ʮ߹֮һȫµĴأʽٴαˡ
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ЩɷʵԲǸ쾳ҹģǿȶֵġ
ĵʮ߹ص飬ʾߵ
˵һս
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ڵʮŹصģȴһǵ飬аײС
쿴ʱɫˡ
У
ĴУ
Է֮ǿѾһ׼ˡ
죬Ҳֻڵǿȶѡ
սԱ⣬ֶβȫͷųĹá
ԼԷʳԪ񣬾ڹؼʱ̣ǹɢһ˿ļµϢʹжһͣûʩչ⾳ˡ
ײе飬֮õҲӰ죬еĸпʶвħ֣ǣͷȴûʱ鷳
֮£ֻһһˡ
һս˵꣬ȴ͵ʮصʱ״̬ã޸Ĵˡ
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첢֪һصĶʲô
ǣһӰڵʮصʱɫˡ

Ӱ챳ֱǲ֪Լ϶תӡ
ؼǵã֮УԼնɱˣ˷֣ԲǸһǴ֮Իѡ
ʱ룬һصĶ֣Լ֮ǰУЩԳƵŵޡ
սһʱҪʱǿö࣬·ͬʱɳġ
Ȼ࣬컹֮ڽնɱˡ
նɱ֮оԼľƺ仯ȴ˵΢ĸо


752 ֲĶ
쿴һˣһϿɵš
пգ̍޼ף޵УХ磬ˣؿգ޼һʶĶʮţԶγڽʮ֮С
սԽԽѣǰˣ컹Ǳ֮նɱˣǣ׿ʼĿս
ʱȥˣڽնɱԼҲ˲ˡ
նɱ֮ûü˷õҩ㱻˵ʮأģȴ޵С
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ⷴһĻ֣첻ԼԺ޵УСġ
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ʱſ϶ԼɵʱǵӰҲԼɱˡ

³һĨȥǵѪε˴ѵĵҩ찵ԿЦ
ոջָ壬ˣǵ֮еٴαһա
ŴʱԼ״̬ҧҧ˼ڴԪҺ
Լûб֪սûниΪֲĶֳ֡
ԣɫôδйء
ʱȥˣûг֣ʱϲָֻ߰˰ˣݽߵĵΪԪҺĳ֣̰ȴԪҺȫˡ
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Ƭ֮󣬶ֳˡ
˵ĳ֣۾΢ϵٴμˡ
ڤ
γֵľȻǲڤ
ڤڵʮأȲһʶ
ǣһ·ûпڤӰΪڤûϣΪԼ谭Ͷ֣ȴû뵽ȻڵʮĹء
ʱĳĬǺߣϵħȴǰҪŨˣңɢſֲħ·ħ壬һħޡ
ڤһ֣ħûһֻħۣڶ˵Ͽգ죬һֱ͸˵ĸоͷƤ亹ֱð
Ļ˿ֲˣóǹУŰյħۺȥ
ǹԵϬ˲̴ħۣʹɢǣϢ֮ħٴξ£γħۡ
ħħ۸޷һģڲڤϣ񣡡
ɫƽϵͷųӰţʾڤš
˲ڤһͷΪȻׯϺƴȴ޷ħۣڤħѹ


753 ֮
ţ㿴ڤ̧һ֮޵ħǵضѵ
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ڤԶ˰ɣؿŶԷ
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ڤֺɣմ˻֮ƺڱ߰ţ죬ֱӱֻħץסħϣ˴ʮ֮ʱڤħͼҲѹ챻ħ֮С
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ϾֻǴԻڤħͼ߱
ڤħͼһ飬ħɢڤħ֣ȴٴץշ·𱻽ˡ
һΣظܵ˶ԷԼǿ
ɱһüһ͸ĽӰ˲֣գòڤû˲䣬üġ
Ԫ֮֮
δԹ֮ԻһγȻ˴ʶӰ׹ǣ䲻һЧˡ
˲䣬ħɢˣħɢˣյĿֲħҲɢˡ
ڰٶ֮Ĳڤ˲仯ɢڿС
һжɢ³һƣӣվٴ̷˴ĵҩ޸ڵĴˡ
һΣƣҪء
ҡҷɢԪžŲʹâƣܿ죬оһеƣһɨ⣬ָ˾
Χط򲨶ΪԼҪʮأǣǣһưɫ˲塣
ܿ죬һּΪ泩ĸо鼰ȫ궼̲סҪ
ʮϢָ֮оʧ
𾪵ǣϵ˾ȻȫˣҲָ۷״̬Ҳ˵һλص۷״̬
⵽ʲôȻЧһɣ
ܵЧ̾ѡ
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˰ˣֻ˵˵СһﾹȻͻ˵ʮĹأսʹԴΧʯת
ȸҲһľ̾һأ֪ס˶ٸǴеѾһЩʥصˣʵѴĪ֮ȴ޷һذ
ǰһز޵֮˵չأͨ½һ㣬ͨ˾˵֪СһõʲôХǸ̾ܶ߶˵һǼսĹذ֪Ƿʵ
ҡҷ֦⣬һǴǿУ鵱սͨˣ½ս֮һˣ
֮һѵΨһ𣿡սɻ
Ķֻ֣Ǵģ˵ĻϾˣᴦ۷״̬һֱģˣп״̬ѣӲãҲпܳӣԣôǿҲ޷һȫͬ
ţˣֲö˵Ī⣡ȸͷӦҪսˣ

ʮأһڵĿռУûһ˿⣬û飬ƺʲôҲûС
һƬʶ׽·׹ĺڰ֮С
Ļʺϰɱԣ۾͸оȴŶֵĳ֡
񾭱ýģһС
ǣһʱȥˣʲôҲûг֣첻üͷ
̵ܹģҵҲǱʲôʱ򣡡ΪԷǱΧȴԼ¶ʱ򣬲Ÿһ
ԣŶԷ֣ǵ¶
һʱȥˣΧȻûжüͷٴоֲֺܿĺǿ
ԣעܹﵽ۷壬صȴš
һʱȥˣȻûж
ԷҲȵ
ǣʮʱȥˣΧʲôҲûУʱŷ
ʲôѲˣûǱ˼άЩңܿ죬ʶԼûˣͷð亹
漴üͷһ壬ֹⲻΪ԰ɣһ˼ûУʵڣôõĻڰ֮ٺò
һ뵽ˣܾʶУԪ̽ʶ޾ĺڰ֮
зһգǧ꣡
ʱ䣬첻֪Լںڰвȥ˶೤ʱ䣬֪˰벽ĲΣʵҷˣ
ʱȻںڰ֮УֻоΧĿռ֮ǰ̫һ
ȻǰһӰһͨͨˣֲѣߣһˡ
˲˫һѽָ죬Ⱦַŭغħħɱ㣡
˵꣬˻Ųӳ˹һų
üͷ΢壬΢΢һŤ˵һˣŲȣڵء
ǺˣΪҪɱңŵϵӰ첢ûһ˿ɱ⣬ΪֻǸˣɱ⡣
ҡҡλϵĳٴָ죬˵ĶħĶħҪɱ㣡
˵꣬ٴγ˹һΣ̧֣ҪץסС
ǣһ˲ɫͱˣоԼûʵȻսͷǸˣңΪȻ滮ˡ
ȥʲôôˣ
֪ڴأ㽫䵱˿飬Щֹ
ղͼȥץ棬滮ƣѪ˳
˿һΣ˵ûʵд棬֮ǰڣҲǱܿ˵Ĺ
԰ȥпܱ˸նɱˣô찡ʵȥĶˣЩңǰ˵ǳ鷳ܸоǰѽĿɱԼ
ڣİ취ֻһһԼʵһɱˣ
ǣһ޴֣ڶ²֡
Ҫ֪һˣԼȻɱֻߵ磬Էˣ²֡
ԥ֮ʣ˾ٽ˹һƤֱ

ǱһڵأһУʧȥƽ⣬ڵϣ֡
ƺûзٴץ򳤽
һҲ룬ҧ˹ȥһŽߵһ࣬Լϵĳ
ħħҪɱ㣡
ˣغվ졣
ʱɫˣɱܵؾ𳤽˵ѣѪε˵档
ͫ׻ɢ֮ǰĺڰʧˣؾۣһڰĿռ䣬ֻռ䣬֮ǰֲһ
첻뵽Լǲǽһؿˣ
һԼ壬һжʵڣȻ
ʱһղŵһĻȻЩ־壬֣ߵУʧȥʵʧȥ


754 
ݵƬ̣һУ챾ĵǿҵĳͻǣǰ˾ѡԼš
ظˣԼģֻ
Ƿˣߣ췢֣ǶԼвһ̣νĵ߱ǻţԼŲ
һȷʵ벻ģ޻ͬȼߣΪնɱЩˣͨġ
ֻɱһͨˣȴо·ǽɱһ龳ڵһѡ
亹ûֹͷȻдһɲ泩Ĺͷ
Ȼʱû㹻ʱ̬ͨ
ΪͬĺڰռУԵµĿѾˣһУɫҰһƬ
ʵ˿δʱȴоһ㡣
ǰһȺˣʮ֮࣬а׷ԲԵձ̣жͯɫƵĸŮ޸֮ӡ
֮һȺУҲһͨˣһ׳ͨӣڼ̵ʱɨһȺˡ
ȻѾٵսģˣԼ
ȺˣȻûһģǣÿһȴǺεɢ˳޺ɱ⡣
ÿһˣﶼһȻܶһصĳòȣǣȻ߾ţҡҡλεģŽŲ졣
ħȥµȥɣ
ĶħҶ
ɱ֮𣬲죡ȥɣ

һԹ޵źƺЩţȭͷ߬ţ͹
֪ǰһжǼٵģڽǣ޷ǵղɱһˣѾܼ尾ˣǰʮˣٴµȥ
УҲȥҪѡ񣬲Ȼط֮£Ҽ㲻ҲͨһأﲻϵؾţһδεظԼǣ޷˵ԼֻܴҴææȥ
ȻҲͬһȺˣкɱ˹
ʱɫüΪѿˣҰףʹ࣬Ǿ֡
ΪʲôΪʲôôһңѵѡ𣿡
УȻҵʵûʧǣܸоܹɱҵģҸоЩкдϢѡˣ
ҲȻؾڣôһеģһ죬鷢ǽɱ¾ǴҲˣֵã

ʹջѡ˲ͷųȵʮӹһ㣬ת۱Ⱥ
ǽһٿˣ˲䵹أüıƣʹķͿ־ĺûз
ֱۣһУ
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ѾʶԼȱ㣬Ҳȱݡ
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׹һ˲оΧطұ仯ţݵʱֱȶˣȴ֮ǰĻˡ
֪Ӧýһأ
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ΣħΣңħԿ֮

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ǣģǴüĵǱ˵ӰһҵĺһѪ
飬Լһƣɱˣ
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죬̫ʧˣ㾹Ȼһħͷôෲ˵Ͳ𣿡
죬Ϲˣû뵽ˣɱ޹Űħ޿ɾҩ
ĶħӦûϣȥɣҴȥ飬㣡

˲䣬컹δվȽŸ˷𣬷ȥһӰÿһϣɢſֲɱ⡣
𸳣УԶľΣս졭ȵȣȫ콻õЩţʮˣÿһϣǰѺõϢ޷εɱ⡣
ⲻҵı⣡ֻǿ飡һӰ˷·һ㣬ǣΪҪǳ֣ѣǵˣĥ𣿡
Щһ֣ʱ䣬֮ȫʩչԼɱкɱ
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֮䣬ƺĳѡһǹ˲֣ϵƴǣӰţׯϡ
ɱ
˫۷·Ѫһ㣬ЩŤޱȣһǹɱȥ
ȷʵϣһΣٵɱУЩƷͷųģս
ÿһˣֻܷһ
ȻսǸ鷳


755 
֮󣬵Сбһǹ̴ü֮ԼҲʮɣͷɢңãǱ
ڽвȻȴǸ˲ڵϣһ߾ҵʬ壬ҵĲţ۾оȻżΪŨĿ־塣
ҾȻɱǣҾȻɱǣΪʲôɱңѵǰҲ˽𣿡
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һͷͬʱϣּһһѴ
ķޱȣоԼʶ·һΪˣһģһȴԨ
·Ҫʧˣ
֮ǰһУƺѾڸıģ
ʱһ׹ƾճ֣һµĿռС
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죡ôأǿһʻұϰ䣬ΪΪ跲ˣ޵кã
һŭĳ̧ۿȥֻϹվԼǰɴɱͷţð۾ȴŨŨɱ⡣
ô㣿Ϲ͵һ֣˲ûзӦΪϹˣ֪ܿԼĴ
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磬ȻҸ۶壿ΪʲôΪʲôⲻģֻǻֻǻ󣡡
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֮ǵ״ܲң
ٴܵӰ죬ֲټƽϡɡһ֡б
Ϣ֮󣬰׹һԶ͵ʮء
ںڰ֮Уǣһ֣ͿӰ
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󲮣С죿С𣿾ȻǣӰһЩһϲ֮ǰľģһľأˣƺЩת
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ʧ벻ˣԵ㸸Եļ𣿡Ľһ죬ǹػ͸οһʹ⣬ʧ֮۾еɱ⽥Ũ
⻹㣬ƺҪԱ⣬Сȴˡ
죡ôĵһѣҰ㵱ɸ磬㾹Ȼݵ飬̫ʧˣ㾹Ȼ˲Ź㾹ȻҲɱ㾹ȻݵֵҲɱǲҲҸɱˣ죡㣬Ҫɱ㣡
Сһۣһشϡ
ʱСҲǻˣ˵С켸һĻʧУûɢȥϵ޵ĺͱ塣
񣡸ɱ
һǹһգֱһ˶ޡ

Ӱûʲô֮ܿ챻бŰɱǰģֻһһƺûʧҽ
ҲóѵģʲôƨʲôƨɣӾǵڲгɣؽն㣡
Ӱ֮Ȼֱͦͷ޾ĺڰš
ȻĻֳ޵ս͵ֿǣʱȴһɱ
ƺҺ𣬽һ׹⣬뿪˿ռ䡣
ǣʮһ֮󣬻һĿռ䣬ֻط
ˣǻˣ㲻ҵ磡⻵ˣ֣Һ㣡ҺˣҪɱ㣡
һ֣ӭģһѩһӰϣδȫʾ⣬ǣʯһУȴ޾ĺ⡣
ѩô㣡УĴ㲻飡
ѩһ漴ҼˣƺҪԷһ
ǣ뵱Ȼˣԭоʱ·ʧЧһ㣬壬ޱȵĳأٶȴ
Ȼѩһƺûֵͣ˼
ҪǣȴǱˣһ͸ס
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ʹ
ûиܹʹʹ
ڣ
ѩһ֮ɫ䣬˳ٴ
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Ϊʲô
˷·Ťһ㣬һֹܿͣˣΪѩĵڶ̽ࡣ

Ժһһˣ˽УĿڵʹ˱ޱȣƺϵɢš
ڶ֮ѩģ˵ιһֱָüġ
ʱ۾Ѫɫһǹһ˲ѩüģǰͣ˾üİĵط
磬㾹ȻҲɱ
ѩ֮ǰ·һܡ

ʱ·ʶԼһˡ飬˻һײײغ˼岻ͣزţǾ߽ɢʬ壬еס


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һ֮𣬶̽ץУ˳һܵһˤͬʱͷųȥһӰ֮Զ

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ҲҪɱ𣿡
ħɱѩɱԼֵѣɥĲҼҲʹػţ̨һ˫ʱѾʪˣɱεɢһ˿Ѫղһˤ
Ȼ׵ˣõңѪ¾ؾ̨ĻЦҡҡλε˼ʹȻˣǾɣɱҰɣ
˵֮ٴ쳤Хһ۾һˮ䣬ȴûгֵ˼
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ξԼ
Բ𣡡
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֮󣬱ʮϡһپ죬Ȼ뿪˵أ޸Ȼʯڡ
һͰεɽڣǧ֮ߣǧǴʱȴïܵסһҲڵľλá
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˰죬ҵ˽ڵĵط
ùγɵģʯλãΪƽšԡѪɴ֣пռ䷨򲨶
ԣڵλãǽڣʱˣҲǽڳֹ⣬Żпռ䷨Ϣɢ
˺ƹ˴ɱ¾ǣʱҲˡ
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ԣҪģѰҳһ㡣
̷һЩҩϸظһ½µϢǣһʱ֮ȴá
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뵽֮ǰڰٹʱĲʹεؿЦš֪һڵϣ϶Ǳҳһӣ˵ˤϼͷҲˡ
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ӵĳôôǱأѵͲһ𣿡׹Уεػš
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ϣƭȥɣۻ˰ɣ﷨ѹƵúܽڿʮɾѾˣϣԡѪдˣת
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һȺΧԼָָ㣬壬ͷ
ˤһʲôÿģֻ治һ㣬
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ȻһԹЩƣԹΡ
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772 ɹ
ᣡСֻһ츳ȻֲǣСȣ»вҪ֪Сʮ꣡Ĳ𣬿ǻıܶģңСѾվ۷ˣ˭׷ϣ

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СֵܰʲôóɣʺܺãܵסŶ첢ûջؿռָһ龳ڵĽЦ
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780 
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Ĭɫ΢ӿһս⣬Ϲɵսڴˡ
׼֮ûнͼֱӲμӶԴˣλĽ죬Ϊľ̫ˡ
ϺСһô͵ľ磬սѶȣеøԶ
ҿְܼܲ㣡
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˵ĵ٩ƽҡҡͷġ
˲ҪͨǼΪĸַս
ſɣһһģƽɨ˼һۣص
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ҡҡͷɣ
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ռ󣿡
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ߵſڵʱƽеţʹٴͣ˽Ųعͷ㣿𣿡
첻ˣֱϣĿ
ˮƽҪɣ
˿ľٶһ㶣漴΢ŭϵͷųѹȥ
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ǣδֻһɱ۾ϡ
˲䣬ϵɢ˼ɫЩף𾪵ؿ죬ʧˣǰ
۾ڰ֣Ҫ£ҪĻ߰ɣҪҵ⣡
˶˼亹ոһߣʶƣֻЩϸܹ
ԣ쵱˾ǰˡ
˵ĻǸ̲ѣΪûʲô⣬ֻһ˿ͣǴ
һݣһһı
ȿĲϣ
ԳɣóһȭͷСͼɰһϽľЩ˼صֻЩϣ֪
⼸ϣǵؼϣһСд´࣬ҲҪʲôУƷڻ߷ȫԣһѴ󴸣ȴǿһС
˵ӣһصɢޣûٲϣҲƽϣͷԣҪʲô
һϲѣصǴ󵶣Сãʺңõ˲ٵڿ޵ʱײˣ
һȣȻߣҲ͵ߣӦþսȻôС
û⣡ȻȥʱȡȻҲȣģص
ʱһһЩԥˡ
ϾôƳһˮƽߣɻء
˵Щţɲ
ģƵı⣡µ˵뷨οһ䡣
ҾȰɣ
ȻˣҲû취Ҫ֪Сŭǰǰǿɾִˡ
㲻ˣת߽ҡ
ʱҵŴˣһѺصĳ˳
ѵ߰볤ذ˰ٽ״ӣŹζ
Ҫǣ⾹Ȼһѵؽ׼Ʒ
Ǽȼһģ޷ƳĳģлĲϣЩϣȱԣΪһѺõõġ
ңѵϣʮ˸ڵ󷨣ʹƷʴߣҲǴ
˱ʲôϣģòӭȥˡ
콫˹ȥ˳˳֣
˱Ϊᣬǣӵʱ򣬲㱻˸ҡҡλסΣеĳޱȡ


785 
⡭Ȼǵؽ׼ƷôܣؿеĳȻ̽˼Σ˾̾ѡ
ô𣿡쵭һЦʵ
ͷ⣡̫ˣǳ֣
˵ţֳֵ˼£ѡ
лǰϢ֮ƽϢ飬칪һݡ
лڰ֣лᣬ˳Űһ¾Ϳˣ
һ
ŵϲ̵뿪󣬸̺·˶ɻ󲻽⡣
ô£˵ӣƺջ񣡡
ôʱ䣬ܸʲôҿһè壡
Ҫȥ˵У
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ߺ󣬵ǰƬָֻ̣徲죬ϣƱĿʵʵоԺй֪ʶ
һʱ֮󣬵ڶ˿ͽˡ
ѣĵ𣿡һʮڵ꣬ˣһһǿѹ
ɨһˣ΢΢ȣ˵ΪľҪһ^еһƴ
Ӧ˲ӣħϲһ
ҪĵӦþΪħ
ԣֻҪвϣͷ
һϲóһռָķݵĲϣֻҪһöĵϹ㣡
˲˸߿һۣ΢΢һЦţܿƳ
۾һһݣˣ

ʯ֮ЩգϾˮƽĵֵؽƷĵҩƷʶǳߣмϣֵơ
ЩģԼƳеƵĵҩϢȥǴԼģֻ޾鷳
취ҩƷʿڵ¡
κóһͨĵͶһҩģȻףȡַ죬ˮ
˫𣬲Ȼ޷ƵҩƷˡ
ӺһĵƳɹؽƷܹööǳǳĵƣöԶǵµĶƷʡ
öĵһƿУ߳ʯҡ
ƷƷʣӹƿʱ򣬿ĵ裬ɫ䣬𾪵ؿ죬㡭ʦ
ҡҡͷǣһЩҲˣ
һ
˵֮ƿóһöҩȻƿݵǰֻҪһö
ֹŰɣԺõĵһЩҩѣ⣡
һ㶣ͷٴζһ֣Ѵ£м·֪ͬǷʶһµѣ
쵭һЦֿˣ죡
ʵ֪֣ͬһιۿʱ򣬷ͬǵһλ׼ס
֪ǰλǷǸͬԷʵһˡ
СУ˿ɱȣǾ죬Ȼ٣ͬպõҩ̾
һɫ䣬ȴ΢΢𾪣죬ԭʮλĸ֣ܱͬᵽ϶Ҳеĵ֡
ҲֻǰŪһҩĶѣ;쵹Ҳǫһ¡
һͬȥˣˣҪ޸
ͬߺ󣬽ģڿʼ˹ˡ
Ͼͬһλĸ֣󣬵˷Ц뿪ʶеĲ콫Ϣ˲ٵ߹١
ܿ죬ʱ֮ڣ½½жʮ˹٣ĶУ󵤵ľӶࡣ
һʱ䣬æµ
ҩƣôʱ䣬ǣͲһˡ
иˣȻæˣ
һ󵤵ߣ컺һŴϹȺ˼⡣
ڳгһʦϢֶߡ
֪˵ڳλ֣ƳƷʾѵĵؽ׵
ģȾ컹ţ
Ȼˣ˵ٶ죬ɵĿߣһ߰ö
֪˵˻һλʦƳؽ׼Ʒ
ƵĵҩͱƷʷǳߣȡķȴֻܵͣҪཻһݲϼ̣
˻棿ҵıˣҵȥ

ſӵصȺЩΣǵ͹Լˮƽû뵽̶һʱ֮ڣǧ
Ҫһ˫
ҪһöԪ
Ҫһǵ
Ҫ
һķѣϵƶȻͷţʶѹȥྲ
˲䣬Ⱥֹͣ˳֣ʱ࣬˵Ŀⶼ죬𾪲ѡ
ոյһȻûдɣȴžǿƣǵꡣ
һ֣
˵һʱ뵽
еĸ֣רָ
λԣϣǰһЩȻ̫ôƣĿ罣ɨһˣ
ʮĶȥվſڣط̫Сݲôˣ
źö飡ߣͲҪˣ
ϣ˶˳ȥվſڣųж飬Ȼǰʮ˽
Źϣʮڴţʯ֮С
ʱ˳˸ƿˣˣƵǱУʱ
˸ˣֻʱѱС
֪ƵĻҩ˵Ͳˣƶء
һʾƣд˼֣ÿʮʱֻ
ʾƹҳȥ֮󣬵ſڵȺˣ󵤵ͷ֣ǣЩ˿ɾͲˡ
ôҸأǿɵ˺ܾõģ
ԣŵﲻף㲻һ仰ͰǴˣ
УҽһҪŪ

ؿһЩߣһҪͰҵĹȻ͹ˡӴ
һȺ˲
ֻһ̬ư龳龳ڵӣƿȺǰбۿ죬ȻÿֻǾȸɣ
һ꣬ڵſڵȺвԶԶ˿üͷŭԡ
ү
ôˣѵȱ
ѧӵݣû۸Щߣ
ֻ֪ɢޣЩĵӣһǣһֻ֪УҪǳȥ⣬϶˸ˣ

Ȼ˵ܿһЩ飬Ųµ˴ʲôݣܿפɱ¾ǵߵļ
ɲʲôݣ֮ڣĵ̣ĵ̣ǾҪĹ


786 ӵ
ؿһۣŶӣ
˵꣬תš
վסɫ˲䣬ޱȣŭ
ͣ½ŲؿˣҪŶӣȻҪң
󵨣ô˵أ껹ûڣӽһ龳ڵָȵ
ҹʲô٣ҵĵ̣ҪͰҵĹ£ҪôŶӣҪô쵭ɨһۣƽص
˻һΧ߻Ȼ󲿷ֵͷкãһһϷʣſ֡
۾΢Уһ죬ص¸ڳǰɣ㲻ʶҲ֮Уҿԭҵ񣡡
˵˴һͣ٣ɫһ䣬ŵǣǸҿԲ׷ð
һʱסˣôûǣʵôͣǰˣˣǵһоЩЦ
һð㣿ϼ첻мؿһۣص
ɫ˲ɱֱðصҰգ
˭ʶЦһСôˣûˣ
㡭ǹɫ࣬Եӵһͷ
˲䣬һӰ̧ץȵҶִ³Բѷ÷
˳֣ȻǶҪȥȴΪһ˱һзϡ
˿ûо⣬ɫƽڶ˿Ҫץļ֮ʱ˲֡
žž
ĶӱȷԶҵ
˲䣬ȺˣԶΧ˹
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ĴԶֹˣ쵭ؿһۣȻص
㡭ãƣصһ죬ɨһۣŭûõĶߣ
ǣȻ뿪
ɨһ˵ıӰһ
ѣ鷳ˣվǰһ˵
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ǲ֪˵պ簮ȻͲˣȻŲֺܶǣɱ¾þеǷɱ㣬˭Ҳ˵ʲô
쵭һЦ˵ǶȺҪģŶӣ
˲䣬ȺؾصųĶ飬ǰģ˽뵤
ʯʱſڳһһѱס죬˷ܵصҿҵˣ
챾Ϊߣƿ򣬵ʲôҲһڣȥŶӣ
򲢲ĻָԼķǣ㻹ǵҰɣ
ϸشһۣ漴۾һڴү
һ˷ܵҾ֪㻹ǵңڴүô͵ˣһ˶ǣ
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ͷУ
ж٣һһеص
٣쵭³֡
ӳĬС۾죬·һûд·Ůһ֮󣬲ƽľصܲܳһЩң
üͷ΢壬ԣҪ٣
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ǧüͷһҡҡͷе࣡
һסˣܾòŻع𾪵ص˵Ƕʮöѵ㻹ǧöôƷʵĵҩ
Ƶģ쵭ص
ƵģܣôƳôõĵҩأƭˣҡҡͷԲĻ
˵ڴүҲ㣡һеŵģƲƲ죬
Ƶģ£Ļˡ
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ó˫׼һԪ
ʥһ˫۾ɵǰδеĴ󣬿ˮҪˡ
΢΢һЦԲ˵ףȵ
Ϊ׸ͨĻ濴ûʲô𣬲˵ע⡣
ȻʶףҲоĵܲһ㣬𾪡
ޱȵؽĸʱӳױ˻ʯ
ҩҺȡַֻޱȵĴ죬ȴйɵС
һʱ䣬ɹϡ
ƿиոƳľöĵؽƷԪʱӼؿһӹڵϣץӽ쿪ʼҴүˣòã
һ㶣һֽץϹ㣡ʲôүҿܲ𣡡
ǣǣʦҽʦ԰ɣӼˣӲš
ҡҡͷУûʱ䣡ңҲ㣡һֵҪԼᣡ
ѽҰɣҵ츳ǿԵģֻҪָһҾˣҡֱۣһСŮ̬
˼εصͷðɣֻǳָһ㣡ɲΪͽģƽཻ
һϲͷɿֱۣһ֣ҽǨԽӣ
죡΢΢ͷãȱ֣һЭңʱҲԹĦ
ã

ǨЭ㲻֮ǰæµˣֻӦ꣬ӡ
һգΪ


787 Թ̨ϵļս
֮󣬱Ĺƽ˿֮࣬ǰӵ
ȴǴˡ
һռģˮƽһΪ衣
ǰ¹ȥˣջķᣬռ˴ҩģҲһϵ裬ҲӦһЩ
ھʹףΪҲˡ
һǰڣĺˡ
ڵսΪٴνռ󣬲ԽյնɱҲԽʩչֶشԳʨ֮һ
սԼȫӦκһֻ·磬лնɱ
жʮǽʱˣЩĸ֣Ҳصɱ¾ǡ
ʱϤָ£˴ȵһЩ׵ҩȥƣֻܵؽ׵ҩơ
Ͼʱڳйһˣ˳㿴һЩδĶǿߡ
˾ؿգ˶޼Ҳ˲ꡣ
ңһڽԹ̨ϴսһٻغ֮׻ʤ
ֿ֮һʮڵĶ˽Թ̨һųָ̆µһս
ʮһλ
ǵ𲻳֣ǵʮλ
û취ɱ¾˭֪𣬵˭ּ䱾أ
̫ˣ˵⼸ǰʮвڴأ
˻𣿵˭ִˣѾǵˣ뿴սɣ
˭ս˺ʶ𣿡
֪ôоϵϢ壬һ߿ܣ

ָˣж֮ʣȴû˿ŭ⣬ȴûоս˽Թ̨
쿴˵ʱ۾һ΢΢
кϷˣ벻
ȴоųߣҲǿ׳ľ徳磬ңҲˣоʵ
ÿ߳һһ֮
ܾˣһΪ㲻̨ˣŸߴ꣬ص
겻Բؿһܡ
ޣҲɱ㣡ǣ㻵Һ£ôܷŹ㣡һӣһѳ֣⣬ɱɢؿһ۸ߴְ꣬ɣ
΢һѾ޴ʯ֣һɲϢɢںΪһأ
ţʯ֪˭ˣɱɱ
ɱʮλɱ
ǰǵʮλҲǿ
ǿиƨãʮܱȵʮһ𣿡
ҿǽԹ̨ҪǱĵطɱͲˣǵùˣ
ⲻһҶ˵ʵߵͣ

׳ɱȻ壬׺ͣûʲôƿ
ʱɱǰ쿴ʱҪǿ˲٣˴֮ʱƺѾ˰С
ս쿴ӦòȶڲԲԣһսɱȡʤ
гһӣ缲磬ɱһһӰնɱϡ
ﬣ
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۸ոһ֣ɱɢһɺƴϢ˺ϣ
˲䣬ȺȻ̾Ե˼顣
Ҳ΢΢һ㶣漴ɫڿն˫սȫûһʮɵĽӰնɱ
һΣɱû֮ǰһվŰ򣬶Ǿʯ͵һ
䣡
ͨ͸գֱɢĹȥƲѸͰԵڰյʮԶս׷Ҽ綼ᱻ
һȴ֮ĵϣһĸۣʯ̨硣
Ҫ֪ʯ̨ĲϿɲһ㣬ޱȣһӳ󷨣»ۣɼʵ֮ǿ
һȻûзȴҲشѾ͸壬ࡣ
̨µȺһĻһƽϢ֮ǳ׷ˣ̾˷Щɱˣɵˡ
ǿ˺ذԵʲô
ƺǴ⾳ֲ̫񣬸ǿ󣬸£
֪սΣ
ѷֲ٣սս鼫ǿ֪˵ĽսΣ
Ӧڵʮһλˣ
ʮһʮһû⣡Ҳпȶǰ壡
ô˵СǰʮʵСѷģ

³ѪҡҡλεվɱЩԹޣģǼɵ;¡
һнɣʵ±ٵǲ˶١
ɱؿ˵Ϣ֮ʯתԹ̨
ǰȺֿһС·ɱԶȥ
ɱ뿪֮ҲûٴڽԹ̨ϣȻ뿪
Ϣ֮һӰ˽Թ̨ϣһ꣬òӢ˵ʣȴޱȡ
ȥôҲȥˣû԰˰ɣ
ļһٵ۶Ը֪˭ǵˣս񷣿һʶֻǺĶ
һǶҲֻС𲻾˵ǰ˸һ
ѵԼսĶ˵Թ
˭ʵӦòкÿˣ
ҵϣǿ֣߳һ޼ֵʱ䣬֪˶ͬ

úܶ˶꣬ȻǶӶ޼һ̨תԪ˷ȵڣһս
˲䣬Ⱥˡ
Ȼڽս𣡹Ȼһֵ
𰡣ǿ˵һλС˰ף
ô˶ûˣ֪ܲһݣ
˵ӵһʵ˭֪ʵ
Ҳҳսܼʶʵ
һΪһսĻս񷣬벻ȴǶ޼

йصĻ⣬˵飬ʮϢȥˣҲų̂
ʱȺ̾Ϣ޼ȴǶȺЦһȵڣһս
ȻʮϢȥˣȴû˵
𣡳ɣҪͷڹһһһֱ㣡ûпӰ޼ЦȻŵµĹսߵͽҳսǻɢ˰ɣ
Ⱥ۲ݣȴû˿ߵļ
޼ū㣡ȻһתһӰԶУ·һ
˶֪˭
Ķˣ붾޼ԹӦҪ˽ˣ


788 ߹
һúӵķݣҲĿˣ
̫ˣɣ𣿡
Ҫһ׷ζЦѣ
ӣҵ
ǿĹ꾫ֲ̫ˣҵĵģ
ǡɫ˫歡еĺɣ̫ǿˣ

Ķĵǿ˵δֵź붾޼սһڵĺȲʺź
ûоںĶֺ뿪ˣɱķȥ
֮󣬶
ν֪˿ѪӣȻ໰˵
ɱʱĶ֣˼ά֮󣬳ѡ
һֱ֪
ڵɱԸƧ̸֮⣬Ѿˡ
ʯͷ϶ѾѪˣͷߴԭһɸߣر䰫ˡĿǰӣ˳УҲһֺȺĸо
һ֮콫˵󣬴ʹһǣߵſڵʱȴЩŹ֣ǰˣûŶӣһעڵ
棬мǿϢ
ˣã
ÿõȥ
߹ݵģкϷˣ

̣ˣʵǿʮ֮ڵĸ֡
һǳϤ
еƺôãԭΪ˵Ǩʱȴŭվһԣǿȴϡ
һǨŭ۾һǰ֣ˣȺһˣ
Ǩ߷ߵ˵ţɨ˼۴еļˡ
û££Ҫð׼Ǩļ򣬵ص
ǿɲ򵥰а𣿡Ǩѹ
΢΢һЦû˵ǰȥ̬ưˡ
Ϊ˭ԭǸνʦ벻㾹ȻţХվ۾΢Уؿ죬˵
㶼ûôأս𣿡ضХ磬ɱһ
Хɫһͣ죬ĲңֻǸ֤ߣȻţ֮ҲҪˣҿɲϣϽԹ̨˼ˣеĻ͸ҳȥɣ
ôһӦ㣡ĵؿһХ磬漴ĿƵϡ
һХ߻мɨһ죬Х磬֣ʶ
ȻʶˣζأХص
Ŷ⵹Ȥˣ΢΢һЦ죬ϷʵصǸνʦ
ɨһˣ˭
죡쾹ȻʶԼɫһ䣬΢ŭܿȻȻӦ˵ң
ţ˵տŵʱ򣡹ϵţǰǵڶʮһλڲ֪Ƕˣ쵭ص
ɫһͣһ˿⣬Ȼκܲǣڵȴǵڶʮλ˵
֪ǣ۾΢У
죡
ϸһ룬Ҳû˵֣û˵
ڿʼסģؿž죬ʲôΪ˻ţҵȴվţ
ƳһǨмصһͷûʸǰ
˻һϵձˣӱŭɱ֡
ž
һĶ𣬾쵹ɳȥײǽϣϳָӡ
˲䣬ϼžҲֹˣ˽Զˡ
еľһˣȫľٶסˣӣʱĻʲôȻ֮ɫһݵؿ졣
ûзӦô󣬻ûȹԼ⣬裬ɱܡ
㡭һӰһŭһ֣ȴХסˡ
ĵ̣˳֣ɾˣĹɭϣǱأ
ХĻǿֹסŭƽһ̬ؿ죬û꣡ҼţˣҪǲǱˣ
Ҫ߹𣿡쵭ؿž죬
߹ݣ
˭Ӯ˵˵ɣ쵭ص
ɱ֣Ӯһ߽ƲݣУ
أ
ˣɱһˣҲҪʲôҩֻҪ֣ڲ׼ԭңҪؿͷϴ
һ˵һ
ȻƲ߽ҩֵߣΪעѾܸˣǣԶһֺֻϣȴǺܲƽġ
Ҫ֪ˮƽ츳öãضɳΪ֣һƲݿɱȵġ
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첢ᣬصԲȣӣʵãҲûʲô˵
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ðɣҽܣһЦ쿴֮ˣλɵȱҪսҵҽˣϣ֤ˣӵӣ߽ҩҿǺϲģ
ĻǾ춯ˡ
ɣȻˣǵĲһɨȺһۣ˭Ը
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쿴һˣɣ
˴ϲóһöռָҪһ¯ĵ
ͷӹ˿ռָԴܿ㣡
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Ȼ˭ƵƷʸ˭ӮˣͬƷʣ˭ƵĿ죬˭ʤƷΪȣٶȴ֮صһ죬
ͷȷ㹫ƽ
ռָеҩĶ˳ڵϣ죬ѡ
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ϣӣЦһóһҩģϸһ£֣ᷢһҩģģв
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˶Ϊڵʦ֣֮Ƴһ죬ظеĵ԰ޱȣȻſ죬ĵأóҼʶʶϾʦɶǿһԷģ
óƷĵʥΪĵ򣬲û˾úЦ
ıУʥϡ٣ͬȼУҪ߹һЩ
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789 մ
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ʵֻǡеĴƪѣڲǰһЩƤë
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ǣٵ;Ǿˣǿɲģ˵δҲ԰ÿϢضģ

˵ۺ̾Ժѣб۾һ죬΢̣·ҫһ㡣
ף쿴һɫĻ𻨣۾һȵص
ţ벻㾹Ȼʶ˲䣬ɫһͣ΢΢ߺ죬ָܿ
Ǻ׵İףȻȲףΪҲǷǳˣɫʵȴ뽫׾ΪУղιǿ
мּʶǺ׵İ׺ףгϽҵģĺףȻз·˺׵Ӱӣһۡ
ʼɣƳһۺףص
ߣһ״뵤ʼȵַ죬Ϊ֮첻磬ǣҲûж֮
ᴿȡҩҺںϵȵȣеĹ˳Уޱȡ
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һӣöƷϺõĵؽƷڰգ˵ҰУԪɢ
չʾʮϢ֮Žҩƿ֮У죬ˣ
ɫĮһģ˫ֽջµƣγһ˫״
һٶۻңȴû˿кΰء
ȴЦѣֻװģǵӰʱüͷ
ʱȴǽеҩͶ鹹ĶУʶӿ˲ֳ֣С磬һҩ
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ܿ죬ҩҺͬһʱ䱻Ҵȼߡ
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֮ǰᴿȡΣǣȴֱһԹ
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ģһҩˣ״ԽԽ࣬ȫס˳ɵľ
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һ֮һӵƣͣ³һؿǰǸԴСš
ʮϢ֮źȻ·Ҫɢһ㡣
ʱۼֿ죬ٴ˼ƣֹͣ
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찡пǾѵƷʣ

Ⱥ䶯Ŀǰޱȵڴ
죬Ҳһء
ΪһʦȻܴӵҩƷʣĵŨƷʿ϶Ҳĺã
һֻһ棬·磡
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ʱһӣȥյƣһһ˲ɢöӨŰ׹ĵҩڿС
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һҪһЩҩֻ󣬴ˣڶ

һӣöĵƿУϣž˻Σˣ
Ѿȫסˣ·ʧ˻һ㡣
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Ƶǵؽ׵ҩöѾǳˡ


790 ս
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׵ҩԱ֤һö
ǣı֣״ĺϡ
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˱ûϵǿɲУˣ
СӲˣɣҿ᲻ʲôƲݣ
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࣬罣˲侪˼άҵľ졣
亹غ˼ǵͨ죬ŬƽϢһ̬ŻóһУһҧȭͷգɿֱӽϣͷＱ˳ȥ
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񫣡ҲԼĽ˰ӣ쵹ƽȴַˣһſڣŰӵӰߺȼȻת죬֣ʲôʱҸղһУ̫ˣ
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ʱɱȴˣƽϲŭ֣һֲɵļᶨ˼ֻܵͷã
ȻȥȴҲΣ֪ɱȣս̫࣬ȥĻܻܿΪ׸ʱԼʹޣΪʲôúս鷳ʱԼȴﲻʲôæ

оŴţ޲T֮һнסľסˮסססס׺ͼƶš
ʱסڳǰ׻ŹϽ޲Tž׻ʱ䣬ƿԣǣӵ󵽰׹֣н·̣ʵĸ֣ʱ䣬ܽš
׼һ㣬;ϮȻƣ½սۣϣġ
ѶвûֹƵʱȣҲ֡
нգֻڵ漲ˣʩչ֮⾳ͷӰٶȼ졣ɱ屿أʵȻ˴ذ壬ԺܿΪһ壬֮ټٶȱֻǿңۣΪʱԴӴмȡġ
ʱ䣬˳ڳǣʱ䣬ųǡ
ȳֱ֮óǹʶһֱǹУٶࡣ
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׹־޲TŽ֮ңһѹȣǧ֣ʱı仯βʵúõߣʧУֻһ߰׹ǡ
һյأ׹ۣûʲôҩԴ޶ϲȥֻһЩ߾Լ
˵ʵǸɱԽĺõط


791 ֲɱ
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õģ˶࣡аһɱοһ㾯ᵽߡ

ʱɱ˼˲֪ɱİ֮⣬ɨһۼ˲ķ򣬴ˣһս
ȴû˻ӦӰصڿտɽС
ֻɽ󣡼ȻǲҾͺǳɱƽȴɢŨŨɱ⡣
ֻһ۾΢Уף϶ʱɢһɺصĴ֮Ϣ˵һŹֵˮһŵµӶתۼչǧɵķΧ
ʱҽţһߣһ٣㿴۾Ȼһɲص⻪͵ضҽš
⣡
һ죬Ƭɽҡˣɽʯ䣬ƺ
ţӰڿնǱ䵽ϣɱ֮Զ


792 ˵
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ˣȻǱţǰɱĸ֣첻ǲֵģǱԷˡ
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ߣɱɨһˣȻ㿴һ˵ķֽĿƵϣص
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ִ֣Σɱɨһص
ֻɱˣɱһ
ԣɱһ
ʱХȴüͷһֲõĸо㿴ɱѣ㻹뿪ɣ䲻㣬ҲԹϣ㲻Ҫǵ飬뿪
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ѾˣȻƫͷǹɿֲȴǺĺ󱳣ʱսһƬѪͬ߷һ˳ȥصڵϣֹʮɣһ͹ʯͣ
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飬Ȼˣ˵һϢŭӵ죬
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794 Ѫ֮
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Ӱأ£ðǳſڼ䣬淭תǬŲƣһɺȻԵϢӿ˲佫еɱ
̶һ޴ġdգ̫һ㣬ų貽â֡

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ޱ֮һ𣬽Ŷ۳һɷ籩ŶϢ֮󣬷籩ȫը˼Ƭɽܡ

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ƬٽƬռʦб޸
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һдϲ͵һҧͷ̼ٴαԵӿֱ֣ӽ޵ɣ˰֮⡣

쵹֮һѪһأͷٴαףʹԼĲӣʹغţ·һڣڶ
֮ϵѪɫȥ۾ָ˺ɫǣȴɢɫҰһƬʯҴһΪ֮УѾ޷ӦˣȴһɼΪа
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ҽһ㶼û㣬һȭ죬ûκϢ֪֮ĺ
ǰãǣһȭǴӺϷϮģǰ·ʯţ嶼ûС
ܿһԪʶԶȥ
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նɱˣջöռָղػǺܷḻġ
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ҲΪս죡
Щˣǰʮĸ֣

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亹һߵɱȴɻѣο죬л˵
ʱһ߿һɱһ˿м죬΢Цŵ𣬱øߴʵСһӻûаԿһ£浽κηã
Χ˶ʱЦǰȴǱˣŭһȥ
˶ʱԸˣص˵ĿģһԾ֪ˣܼ汸
ΧٴδЦˣ
һԣ
ҿУ
ϣ

ŭ߶ںʶֲȺƷˡ
ֻǱȺȴû˵ˡ
֮ڲ׼սڴҷˣһϵֻʮ龳ڵĽڳУΪ
˲䣬Ⱥ
λǰǲûսǸСӳֵ
ţǡ𣿡üò֮۾һһ£ʵ
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ɨһȺ㿪Ц֪ʲôˣϹСһʱҲֹรɣ
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Цһû취
Ҳһúܰɣʱ̫ҲãҲûд⣬ǧҪǳ¶ˣȻ鷳Сӳ΢΢һЦ˵Ѳߣ
鷳ˣ΢΢ͷ
޷Сӳڰ֣һΧȺȵɢˣ
˵꣬к뿪Ⱥ
ÿ죬ȥҲ죬ʮӰ˲ʧ
ߺȺֿʼˣɫٱ䣬ʩչռ⾳ʧӰ
ȥˣ
ʧˣ߰ҵؼף
ߵôȥ̽̽

ռƶȺ֮⣬䵽ϵʱݣȻͲҪŽ׻š
뿪ʱɱҲѸ׷
ʲôǴʲôǲڣɱɻؿ죬
ҵٳӣھȥ½ЩܼЩ˼ӲͷƤ͵
ŶԭˣͰӦǴеĸˣ
㡭ǰɣͷߣͷ
ɱͷ򣬵лҪһ£д
亹ﰵͰ˵Ǹˡ
ֱ䡷ǹž𣿡ɱֿڵ
һ򣬵ͷǡǰɣ
ʲôȼɱһۣҪ۸ֹžԴʯ˵ľġ
񡭡񼶣첻̧ͷµص
ɱһ۾һӦøŮȥ񼶵Ĺžжֻвȱģ
첱һƬͨ죬ԼĵҪֶ
ʱţϣɱҪ˵Щ飬Ϊʵڲ֪ôش
ȻɱûжʣֱڳǵʱͻȻһ䣺лҪŮޣܼܲʶʶǲֱ䡷



797 С
պ˻صڳǡ
ڳԶûô񣬱ϾڳеߣڸֵУɲֻ᷸յë
ǰݷõҪô̽ҪôԼս
뵤ʱͿʮˣ̸òֺ
ȻĲڴˣһֱſڿɱʱϲѣǣɱһİˣɫ˲ˣصأᡭ
ɱҡҡͷɨһ졣
һ㶣ɻؿ죬ǣ
쵭һЦ漴ң뿪ɣ
ɫһͣ漴ϲеʮˣλѵˣͲкˣȻȥɣҪĵҩͱУȡɣ
Ҳԣվ
Ȼڵ£ҲͲˣȡ
ԣˣʺһ£
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Щߺ˵̴ţ˿죬ɲ򵥣Ҹ̽ң
û⣡ΣѧҲûãǿԴҲᱻ˸ϳ쵭һЦͷ
Ҽʣٽһŵҩ£ƲƲ죬ԭɫ΢΢Ȼˣ
ţͷ⼸տʲôʣô˶֪ǵٵ۴ȥģ
ҡҡͷǶڲԣ
⼸գΣҪԼϽԹ̨㲻֮뿪ˣȴĴԣ˵ͷڹ꣬Ӧսһ˿ŭɫڶʱǺٵһģ
ǵ˰Ҳû㣬뿪ˣ
һ˿ɱ⣬̶˷ܺͿȣǰգڲˣʱһԳѵĸְݷ㣡ڲ㣬˶ڲһۣǼһһ仰Ҳ˵ˣ
ʲôһ۾˶ڲԣ˭һ۾һæʵ
֪û˵֣ҡҡͷ˺ر𣡡
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ţҼˣɱͷܹŹֻ֣벻ô죡ʵ
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쿴СУһЦĳ嶯˵껰ͷð˺ߣһ˲֡
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Снһ̣Ӿסˣɮ٣ûôû͵ģֱһС졣
ˣҷүûݣҳԺֶŪȨͨʺǵҡҡͷܾвʲôˡ
̰ҲͰˣҵˣ㲻쵭һЦ٩
˭˭ʲôôĶҪˣкöȥСһԼĿռָ
۾һһӺɱߣ

ʲôʱʼˣǰĿֲʬ壬ɻص
һʱˣⶫȷʵóԣô󣬴ûгԹôóԵĶʮ꣬ǱȺͺӸƭˣ̰΢΢һ̾
СδģǺöһ߼޳׻ʬ˵Ǳһֻ߼ɽɱġ
׻ֻɸߣȴʮأȫѪãȥá
СҪһζĹģ֪Ǵи֣һĽҩϣ׵ɴ۾
ӣȴǿˮһأûعСرһ
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֪СǸٷʱԶԶܿԼĿռָƾСмΰۡ
Ҫٸҷңүͳ㣡

ʲô磿ɱԳԵĶôںװװӶѣһֱڶСпü
ţԼɣֺͷųƣص
ڣٵۻһЩһ˿ȣ
ٵۣǰһΣǿܰԵһ˵ٵۣСЦɫ΢΢Ȼ
аսʤ
С΢΢üǼһɱɱıأȻһΪʤһ
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СеʵûصĻܸоһٵЩҲڽˣһǴеĶ˼ء
ûлعˣ
СеͷֻӺܲһ˴˫·ܰǼһúܣҶµĻգûɹ㱻ҵķ飡УǼһҵƣ
ɱһۣ˲֪С˵˭
СеҲ̫ˣƹݷ𷨣ҲҪ׼˭ãƫƫǶս졣
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ɱ飬Сбɻ󣬵ôʶǺͷ
ͷѣأ
ʲôϵСһʧɱɻ֮տڲԣö˰˼⡣
ˣһˣ˵ʶκСֿˣһо͵ɫֳһѺڽʱ籦ʣʩʱ˷罣ױȣ
нͷҲǺѣ
Ҳûа׻죡Ȼʶôѣҿɸ㣬ҵ۹⣬нǳ򵥣Ժ˵ԴһƬأս磡СɫδϹɻҪ


798 н
Ϲɣ쾪ȵ
СеͷֹһԹأСҲģ̶ûжϣȻʵһʥ֮壡ˣҿǳ½ȫЩطƵĴ磬һʥ˰
һޱ𾪣Ƕʥ֮˽Ƚ٣Ȼ֪һ㡣
һʥˣǿˣ
ˣ֣Ǻ鷳ģȴѾ֣
Ҳ⣡үԺضǳɷʲôʥ֮ģֻиֲ˵ķݶСаڰ֣һˣһǹޱȣҰ㵱ڣ
˵ţСе۾ͣɨţüͷֲֹһˣǹˣ
ͺӣ˵С˭ӮˣӴ֣ص
ȿȣô˵أСҰɵͣԺңҪСʦСкݺݵصһӣԷ˲ӣصǲʤ
ҾСûгȫӦһ֣Сɫ˲ɱҲǿսʵȣԲһЩǣЩǿͨսȡģȻ˵ʱǿԾսһҪСģС֣ǰ׽еģ
ĬŶϹһЩʶ
ȷʵһУǵڣҲСԶҪٵۺϹɷŵһȡ
ӦϹҵġɾȻȼܸߣǣⲿžʺʣٻ谭ĸ߶ȣʥ֮רŵĹžطнʥžǱҵˣʸϴ½ǿߵλˣСеɫ΢΢أɫ
һȴҲΪ⣬ȻС˵ʵǣžɲңĹž
ǱҵЩžԼĵһ㣡ɱؿһСУ˵Уžɲ٣Ҽһۣ
Сҡҡͷ˭˵ģû£ǵĹžģģ

ɱС̸ļسǵϢѾˣЩݷԲ˵ЩսߣڵſڵãӰ֪ʲôֱŵˣ
Щ˵ʵȻ벻ǰʮȴǰʮ֮ڵģеڶʮĻ͵ڶʮϹٱ硣
һ첢ûӦսɱȴˣһսڽԹ̨ٸغϻ˵ĺϹԵȡʤ
ڶʮ˵ҲˣһһսĺУѣһ޳ܵĽֱ̰Ժ˼ʮغϣСԾԵʵѹ֣ǿշΪʹӣҶԵ
ΣֻܷӣĵȴҶɮǧٴΡ
ͬʱһһŰݷãϲԽ
顢𸳡ԶС𡢲нأ򿼫ͰһһжսľڳĻ͸оǴԲˡ
ССԺＷһţȻĹţҲƶڸά
ڶʮѦսнȴڶʮˣ˫ϲµĽмսٻغϣȡʤ
ҲսڵʮλİΣ˼սһʱǧغϣδʤҲʵǳǿһֵȫԸĶ֡
޼ҲˣֱŵؽҪսҲ죬ж֮ǣ˲䶯ɱġ
нֱ֣ӽڳнѵõľ
˵Ĵս䶯һʱĹսߣϵĸּˣ˷ٵۡڲԡսһʶ˵ӰǰʮģΨϹɲڡ
սÿ죬Ҳ죬޼žҪǿʵöսԶְ㣬ǣһȴûннУнĲнֻǳһ룬һ޼ֻʩ֣նϡ
󣬲нʩչʮʽ˶޼棬ͷϺɫͷ
ʱȺˣнһսڳǣЩǰеĸּǿе
ǸǳΪ𡱡
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СͬУûڽϱȵţٵ׿˵ġ
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Ϊߣأ򿼫ǳϣսͬսĸһսһԼʵ
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պԹ̨һս֮䣬и˽ᣡڲص
쵭һЦգõͦ磬һ㣡
㡭ڲΪ֮ᣬŭ㲻˰ɣ
£һ㣿ҿҲˣǾɣһ޵Ҫһ£һѪȵս첻мɨһ۶ڲԣص
ʵԼսģô¾õʱУһǽֹսģҪſԣսȻ²·ȴǿԵġ
Թ̨ͲһڽԹ̨ϣ˺ֻСˣΣش
Ϊ˱ϣ˽Թ̨ĴڡھǺ뵽ġ
޼Ͳн֮һսȫΪ޼ĳִ¶ˣŻͨ롣
ڲս죬ڴˣ֮ĳޣǲݵľˡ
ȴԼսԹ̨вɸ˵ı
ĻһΧ˷ˣҪڽǶս
ʱڲԵɫ΢䣬ŭһ죬պԹ̨Ҳҽӣ
ʲôҵģʲôıӽˣϴɾɣһĵģƳһ۶ڲԣһ۰ٲ֮ٵۣһ
ãеһܵģĿĴɣڲԴϲЦһת뿪ˡ
ʱպԹ̨սȼʥӣϢֶߣǣ˸ӣһЩɱ¾ǵҲעˡ
ߣʲôҵĵ̣ɣҲҵģϢ֮һɫңһ㲻ú



799 ĿԼս
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Уİɣлᣬһɱģһ˿ɫ
淨֮ǰѾԻ
ڼ䣬˴ŮˮϢ˶ʶ˶֮м飡
ƺһЩϢ֪ǲʵľ
ţʲôϢĶһ㶣еص
ľҡҡͷҲ֪ĶѾûгˣ㲻֪ʱ뿪ʥĹ֮ͿʼɱһЩĹеĸ֣ХȵȣйԹˣ׷ɱΧ֮ڣХӣǱɱģ
ƶ˵ʵ̫ǿˣ׷ɱ޹ֻˣ֮󣬱ҲûϢˣҲ֪ǷѪһߣľ΢΢ҡͷ漴ؿ죬֣ϵе찡
ɫ΢죬ûд𻰣ȴһݵǣ

ʱת˲ţ׻ĽԹ̨Χɽ˺а֮ڣңǧڽԹ̨Χ
ڽԹ̨Զĳ¥ϣһˣ֮Ƽǿϵɱء
龳۷Ļһ࣬վһʮ֮꣬ɫưȴ˼
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üɨһ۽Թ̨˵᲻ʲô
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һɫͨ죬ЩƲƲ죬㶼ôǿˣʲôã㱣
һ۾ɫȻʵֻ˵ǺͨѣǸӣЩΪٴˣȥһ죬գǿû˻Ϊ㱣ݻÿһˣܹվȽŸȫһȭһŴģ̬ȥ
֪ɫһ䣬
˼ˣͳȥһʱɣǿӲ๡
ɾͷˣôΣգҿ²У
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ɫһ䣬ŭԡ
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ǣһͷ亹

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ڲȼʥӣȼʥأǿһʥذõʵ϶ȵɢҪǿ
˵˵˭˵ɢţҸ㣬Ǵ˭˵Ǵ½ĳʥʥ˽ӣ
ȥȥȥ˵ʥ˽ӻѵЩʥؾûĵطˣ
Ͳˣ˽λ϶ǺεģЩͳĵһطȺɱˣǴˮúܣ

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ʱ򣬶ڲԱһȺӵţ˹ȺԶÿһ·
ߵԹ̨·ɨһȺһһţ磬ӯ˽Թ̨ġ
Ӧþ粽ɣԹ̨Զһɴս׵ŮĿضŽԹ̨
쿴ˣһϳŮսսǧݺ
ԣվһһŮӣ˿ǧݺǣľգȴûбסʱΧһֱˮ
Ůʮڵľ磬Ʊǧݺһ㡣
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ʱķ֮Ȼ⾳۷ˣ廹ʮǧԶأҪʥ̸ף¸̾һ
ǲϲǧݺȻתͷ£
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ͨ죬ԺгڽǶĹϯϿǸӰʱ̣ͷ˼ҿ¿ң
㣿ôأòͲŻЩʥصʥӣԵֻҪ㿪ڣҹ˿϶ͬ⣡ǧݺ۾һ㲻ϲ˰ɣŶӦüģ
ɬѣݺ˵Ҳûأҿϲɣ
ңߣǧݺˣģͬ޵Уδǿǧݺйһص

𣬿ɣ㲻˰ɣڲڽԹ̨ϣɨһȺѰӰ֮󣬲δӰһ˿мԶ
ڲԵľٶȺЩ˿Ŷٳٲҳ֣ΪǾ¶ڲˣ۲̰ͣ
ƨȼʥӣ߶ǲүүİˣģܿ͵Ȳˣү԰һ£һԶͬը죬һЩʵõ߶


800 սȼ
һ֣˱֪˭ȴֻȴˣ
ڲɫ࣬Ȼó̰ɱˣ˵ʮ˴ˣ
ͺӣҪÿڲһƽϢŭضķ
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ݣҲֲ̫˰ɣûһߣ

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ǵ̫˧ˣ
Ӱһģһ׳
ɽԨʵѲⰡ

㵽˽Թ̨£ȺԶÿһƬ
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첢ûʩչʲôֱϽԹ̨ߵ˶ڲԶ棬صϲȻЧͣô᲻أ
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ܵģ쵭صְɣ
ڲһ϶ȻͷųһɺȻԪһǶʮ֮ޣǳмһŽɫҸһţâγһֵơ
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ʥӣȼʥؾȻ֮Ҳڸǧݺ̾
վڶڲǰʮɳ죬۾֮ʱ΢΢һ£һ˿⣬վڵϣƽûе
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ڲԴһ˫͵һӣǰۣγһţʮ֮ޡ
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۾͵һ͵ǰ㣬һţ֮ͬ籩ȭ̧Ѹͺ
⡭ҪԿڲԣ
̫³çˣڲԪʵѪ֮Կģ
ˣҵżҪˣ
ԸūһԣҪԸڲԣɲа


ȭƿգ䴩֮У˲˶ڲԣֱӹǰ
ʱڲһ˿â˫һӣ˫ĳȵԪڽӴȭͷʱ򱬷
䣡
˲䵹ɳȥڿк£ʮ֮⣬ֻϢЩӿ죬ȴûˣǱ̸ϡ
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Ȼߣֱһͷް
̫Եˣ̫ˣԴԿʥӰ
ȭͷȻԽڲԻˣǷƸɣūҺڴ

һȭ˲ˡȻ·磬ȴơ
Զ¥ϵˣɫҲ΢΢ˡ
ȻߣɲöԸ޵УСӿҪԿˣ
ǧݺսǿߣԶɫء
һΪԼȲˣҲˣ벻һһҪǿ󰡣սȭͷգа
һһѪȻôôٵ۾΢Уһ˿ɲɱ⣬˼⡣
ôǿߣĪõ˹ϵ֮ǧݺü΢˼

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Ȼ֪ԷҲûʩչȫҲ֪˶ڲһµʱʵ˽
ĻڲѾûΪеʸ
ӰһãѸ磬Ϣ嵽˶ڲǰٴȭ
һΣڲԵ۾΢΢һ˿ɫϵһ䣬ֳƣϮȭͷ¡
أ
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˲䣬˽һ
ֻϢ֮󣬶ڲǱ˿ɣɫصص졣
ոյĽսȫܿĹʹػգŲʱæ֮µһγ֣ģԪ֮߳ɣȭͷײһ֮ײֱ۱÷顣
죬ȴʯ˿
첻һˮƽϣ
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۾΢ӰţɵķΧͬʱѸٱѤʢƽâҫۣǰdתһΪ۵Ľֱѹơ
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·Ǳˣ紵ɢ󻺻ѣ󣬻ƶڲԵ
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Ʊ飬Ӱɵׯϣ·һ
ڲֻɫһ¶ѣʩչֻΪѹƶԷģɱУϵĹ
ʱĴѾͷѹ£һ߿϶һᱻѹ顣
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Σգڲɫ䣬ʩչ粽ڿͬҶ·Ʈƣһȭ
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죬Ǳ籩ûӰ
һԵ쳣ڲԸûаս¥ϵˣɫùղǡôܣۻ룬Եǣ·ԽջԪ޷ģֻдſԣľ磬ôأ


801 弫ɷ«
СһǸĻɾ鷳ˣôСͣ龳Ҳֻʷ˵вûʹ֮ңҲһĶ֣
뵽˾ͷԷΣ֪ӦԽ飬ݺݵصһԵ꣬㵽һʲôˣ
˵֮۾΢΢𣬰СӲȻöãʤң

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˲䣬һֻʮ֮޵ĽɫӰƾճ֣ղɢΧĿת۱Զڲǰ
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ڲɫ䣬һԪתһǳĹĻǰ
ɫӰֱӺ˹Ļϣͣڲɫ΢΢ףһУԪļ
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ȥôͼˣ
ȵеֱ˶ȷˣ
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սĲ࣬ڲ˾ϣ

ˣһʥصʥӻᱻģҾͲˣȼʥصλ磬ѵҲһ˵ʥ𣿶ڲôңһЩƷ洫ӶȲϣؿ΢΢ҡͷ̾
ҲֻǱʥӣģȼʥ˵ǶԶԶǰˣ̾нʧˣڶʮһλȱ
٣ãһЩҲӦϴˣʮλһ

šָоЩϤūƺڽԹ̨һһŰȹľŮ죬ʱüʱչ૵ôоǸһﰡֻǲþߣþӦûôǿ
ŮǾβĶĳ֣ʹܵ˽Թ̨ϵľʣ·ʧȥ˻һٻӰ

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ţʥ«΢һʥĴʥͬȻֻƷʥȴѾʶ飬ǺǿֻǾԶѡ
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⻤΢΢һ㶣һ򣬳Ĭ˻ԭλãȴǰ¡

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802 ʥ
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һǵ˲ֹͣƺҪŭˡ
ʱСȴˣ۸үүԣȫң
һ֮ţأ򿼫Ҳŭȵ

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ߣ󵨣ССͣȴ˺ݶֻһȶʥҲͰˣΪλ˵Ϣƽ˲һ䵭ƣһӰԶĳ¥ϷڵʹĶڲߣס˶ڲѨֹסʹתؿ졣
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ԣһ໥ģүͨۿĵС˿ˣ

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803 쳾ʹ
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ԶȺǱֲ׵ɳȥƵĺãǵҪˡ
ӷ𣡾ȻǽʨӺ𣬴˵ҷҵĲСнУ͵ع˼Ȧ֮⣬ͣ壬һ㵵ؿԶ졣
༸ˣüʥģֻǱص˰Զ
ܵģԱ˽ɣѪ죬ͷԷΡ
СӲǰкҰ
ģһ̫ǶˣȻ
ʵħ˻һ㣬Შǣ
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Ȼطֲ̫ˣٵɫףȻʩչطĻͶڲԿ϶ûˡˣס̾ң
ս񷣬ǱסΣؿŽԹ̨ʧôܣôôǿʶѵǶ֮
һ뵽ֻ֮ɫüΪѿˣܿһ̾ӣӦǷһЩֵҩȻǲܹתطģ
طãҲԺ·Ҳǧݺһ˿־壬ͬʱһ̾Ϣ

˵ľʹУʨͣռ伸ѣϸ΢ѷ֣Թ̨ϣѿһһ߶ɳѷ졣
գ߷һ㣬˽ɣ˽Թ̨ıԵ˫ѪҲȳ˼Ѫ
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ֵֺĸоעһֺĸоֻϧ̫û鿴ûС
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˭Ѳ䳾ǰǸо԰˭أ

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ȥ֪ˣСŰֻȣһƺ«ĵص
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ӷôٵأСʮеľ⣬͵عһھƣУ벻˵ô֪Ͳˣ߰ɣȥ˵᲻С˰
ι˵ʲôˣ㿴ԴﻹУ˻룬Ųʱ䣬ûѧᣬëװһβصСУҸ㣬Ҫ˵ǧҪ˵˼һҲףҪĳˣ
ģ£ҵ£ĲŲһ˵Сֲ˲Դϲޱȡ
쵭һЦ˵
ʵﵹҲϣǱŮӡ
һӺ˳˵ſڣǵ̸Ӱ۾һ
Ȼû뵽ôģһǵ׳Ӱ۾һתһ£롣
֣þòŶսһ֣ȻŶսһ£ϢȻ֮¡
죬ս˷ˣ߹ס򣬵үģҾ֪Ӳ첻գ
Ҷѣ΢ůЩһԼһϲ֮ɫһԵĹģж
ôģǶƺôӭɻص
һֱϵѪͨҪһ¶ǾͷҽˣսһЦ漴Σ˾˾ôк
ӣҸûݣҽУƲƲ죬ص
٣˰Ͳú״أ㵹ã飡սҲظǰһͺ˵ףʲô֮߰ģ͵Ұٽƣ
һʱһ㶣˰ΣҲһ㶣תſ¶Դɻصôǲʲô鰡ܸѸ㣡
С˺ҡҡͷڰ֣ˣ£ˣ
˵ţתŽŲ뿪
˭ѣͬ˵Ļʶһ£սɻǰ⣬漴ɫ䣬ŭ죬еͺӣүүվסҾ
˵ţһ˲ʮɴȻֿһһΣʮ⣬СУȴǰʮɣ͵˶һ׷š
ͺӣҾ
ͷһ̳ͷүһ̳
ȥүģǾƣ˵оУ
ûүֻҪ㲻׷ңұ֤һٽǰ㣡
ʲôǰ㣬үû˵ҾҪԳƣ
ûʶǰǷãͲ

СзƵرȺУս죬ȴҲǷһ㣬׷ᣬ֮ľ룬һֱʮҡ


805 Ϲ
׷һսֱӻ壬һɸߵͨԳϻսףһʮɡ
Ǹͺӱһֻ׷ɱأ
ˣͺܵˣ
ͺӵǱ

Ͱһһ̳׷սȻһΧŰ׻һȦǶսСһ٣һìܲŵʱ
֣ҲСǵ򣿡ɻص
УȲɱ¾ǣȻط౶طȫսͷ˵ԭǰ干еģ֪ʲôԭ˳ȥĵطǳأֻʣˣĬܾӵˣ
ޣҪˣɱ¾ҲܾģսСƺ«һڣŵĸֱȽ϶ֲ࣡࣬
ѵ֮ײ;εͷΧѵأ壬
ţҾһƬģսͷ˵Ҫˣ
ţ໹ʮ죡ͷ
˵һϵرϴеʣʣսɻ٣ãȾĴ̫࣬ʵѾܵɡ
εͷʵϴʹãһЩ˽֮ǰõģǹඥʱƣֹѾɥʧˣ
СҲѵõһأ˵һʷ飬˲й½½Լʷʣ񼸸ʱսսϸ¼
ţҲ˵Ĵţεͷ
ʲôţǺ飡ϴǵĻԲܴϴСǰˣ쿴һۣ

ӣ˰Ѿʹ̸Со֮󣬽ҪԺԣս죬Ҫժͺưߡ
ͰһоСкͶս죬ʱȥʹй䣬Իģʱһţ͵Ž
һ죬СԺƷžƣͰо󷨣սȴǱ˽ɫǳѿ
ӣǲǵˣδһ¶ս죬д򶷵ĺۼҶս쿴ǳԿɻص
սɫǳѿεĻֹƺп˵
ͰɻѣһߵСҲֻءοʡ
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սݺݵصһСУǽ
ǽһ㶣ε㲻ǵ˼ҹµ˰ɣ
սҡҡͷɫЩż֪α
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ǸСëսҧƺݡ
ʲô㲻СҲ򲻹ɣһ㶣漴һЦ
֪ʮ꣡ҿֻʮ꣡սҡҡͷ޺޵ص
˵ӣҿֻĸȻҪǴȥɾͱЦˣιһЦսꪣȻһСˣŰ
죡˶ˣսͷܲ˼ص
ðЦֱСȴɫ΢䡣
ܽսܵСëСУӦֻһλ
ô£˵Եɣɫ΢
սƺܵɫ仯ⲻû£ȥĶתת
˭֪󵤣ֱҪ㣡һԷȻǸСë͡
ԭһ䲻ȥ󵤣ЩԵöսܲϲԶԷ˵ȥȥɣҴҩܹģСӻᱻ˴ٵģ
⻰һ˵оղˣΧ˶һ𾪵ؿЦţöսЩĪ
ǣ֪ܿﲻˣ
Ļ˵꣬СȴŭɫȫһֻȭͷϣŶս
ΪһµܺӣҲƽϣӭ
ǣԷȭѸͣҰԵ·߸ǹ졣
һ⣬˲䰤˺üȭ
⼸ȭȻǶԷˣֻǳֽѵѡ
ܿ췴ӦҲʵ֣ǣǣСӵʵ£ȫһս˿·磬Щƣ
ʱʶСӲһˣǸ֡
ٴδսһսֱڿ죬սʱռһЩˣƺŭ˶Է׷ܣʮ·
սһ˵꣬Сһۣ΢΢һЦ
Ȼһ㣬ԷǱѰ֮ɫ
ţǸСҲͷ
ƺ֪ʲôһ㶣Ǻ˭
㿴֪ˣ쵭һЦܿ
ʲôսһʱϲ̵ģҲ֣Լĵ̣ҿɵúúýѵСëһ֪ʲôϣ
˽ʱ˵⻰ɣ΢΢һЦ
Ȼһ֮ԺϢһɼΪǿ󣬾еһƴ
ڷϹǰݷãܿ죬һ۵ҡΣ˲伤˻Ժ
Ϲɣ˵ǹɼߴ͸ɫ΢䣬ս죬һȻ
ϸŸն̲ãսͷ
֪֪ϹɣοЦãʵ
ս΢΢üϸ˼һҡҡͷƺ˵ǲˣ
ǲûϵ˵һ֣һǵãζһЦЩֻ
ţʲô֣սɻص
С𣡡εһЦ
ʲôС𣡡ս˲ɴ۾°ͲڵϣƺʲôȻһԼԴԣСϹɰϵڶ֣찡ҾȻһﵱСëҲ̫С˰ɣǴ̥Ϳʼˣ
ʥ֮壬Ѹ٣ĳʵҲģɫȻ߰ɣӭһ¿ˣʲô£ʲô
˵սģСƲƲ죬
󷨣߳Ժţ㿴һһŮվſڡ


806 󵤹
Ů޶ʮ꣬òһӢ龳۷ľ磬ʵܲľеһƴ
ǸޣӦ˵꣬ߵߣһۺɬ۾һɻɬĹ֮⣬ĵطûһ˿µĺۼȫʮĺӡ
վһ㵭ͬһ㣬ʮעĿ·ֻһˣģ
ֲøҽС𣬹ƣѾһķâˣ
ڵľ磬һɲơ
һϹɨһۣÿɨһӰ΢΢һݣսʱ΢΢𣬴һ˿Ц⣬öսʱܸовõҪˡ
Ϲڶսɨ˼£սĿͣϣһ΢ȴޱµѹ
۾΢Уܸо
£Ҳͷųһɱ¾Ϣ˲ɢ˶Է򣬺ܿϢ
Ϲ۾Ҳ΢΢һѹҲסϢ
ϹɣһϹɣͷ鴫
ҲӦý죬ǵ𣿡Ϲɵ
ɣҲ룬ѿڶ
Ϲ۾΢ͷã
룡࿪һЩλãһӣʾ
漴˽˽լԺ
սͰνһ֮쿴Ϲɣ󵤣
Ϲɵͷ
һ㶣˼壬ǾǾĵҩֻЩˣԪʧ̫˲ŻֵҩЧǳá
ֻеҩڵصķ֮УƣˮƽʦɹҲܵͣƷС
ĲϵĵȽҲͣ׵ҩв٣Ρϼ֥ȵȡ
񣬻ûƹּѶȵĵҩɹƳпܽʦС
ԣѲϸңҪһЩʱ䣡ͷеЩڴ
ϹƺЩԥѴֻճһҩģ޷һҩģ
һ㶣˵ʵģ⼸쵤Ļ棬㹻Ħһȼˣ˵߽ҩҩԼҲ
ԣҩĿģǰôǿˡ
Ϲ󵤣ûҪȡѡ
гɣϹɫЩΣйâ˲ᶨˣһȱĹžһۣ
˲䣬סˡ
žǿ߾ģ䣬ģֱӲľġ
˵ţϹóŰ߼Ľֽģĵƺ͹ּէһΪȻĻơ
ϾǹžôһۣʲôҲģҪĲ
ʲôž컹û˵ȴˣһľȣʵ
֪һؾеõģо£δóʲôֻۣõֵʱһʱϢϹҡҡͷɫ΢
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ʱ˵һϵĵܻ޲ʱͿռΪġ
νʱΪ𣬿ռΪʱ֮ںܶ˿ȷʵ˿ռ֮֮ǰֻȴ˵֮ϴһ㡣
Ϲһԣû
ʱ˵ĿⶼŽֽҳЩȡ
滺飬ϹɵĿһ㣬óĹžǣټģЩ塣
ҡҡͷƹֽҳҪĹžҩĲȫûϵһݾУȡκα꣡
һоȣЩϧžǿζõΪβա
ǲ֪Դָ֮Թ似ǰôˡ
ϲȱЩѧˣûô
СмȻջظղŵĻǣѾˣֻѡ
ţϹһ㶣ⲻԼĹأңܷѾȡӦõģžҲ֪ƷΣܿĻԵν
ҡҡͷֱ֣ҩɣֵҩƣҪʱ䣬øϿ죬Ȼȵ鷳ˣ
Ϲﰵǣѣûгɣһռָ˹ȥ
ϣóһƿ˹ȥÿʱ˵ιһöסƳɹ˵
Ϲ۾һ΢ϲͷӹƿлл
лǾԪԼ֪УҪ˵ȥһʯҡ
ϹɣڵõʱľԪ֮ŮӸ˼ˡ
úϹˣһΣһġ
ڳÿ춼дϢΪ֮ʱ̸Ļ⣬ǰǺ׷ͺӣС׷ӣڣ˵Сİн
ϹٴլԺ֮󣬱κС̸䣬ڶս죬Ϲ֮ǰܣ޹⣬֮Щ֮󣬾ͻܣСУʫһɿ𣬹ĶϹɱս죬ѱǰ׷֮
֮˵Ĺϵ΢ˡ
ϹɾȻ󷽵óǲȱʧصĹžֽҳһо
ֻǣʱ䣬ʲôҲûоü˶ҳǸߣԲȥǡ
ʯͻȻһɼΪ춯һŨŨĵӳȻ̸ɫһ䣬ͣ
ɹˣ
֪࣡
ôŨĵ㣬ǳˣңƷƺͣ

ʯŴ򿪣컺˳ЩήңǣȴŵЦݡ
һСƿֱ׵ϹɵĻУ΢΢һЦҲ
Ϲɴϲƿ˲䣬ɫ䣬ޱȵؿ죬ö
ͷϵһּѶȵĵҩܿööѾˣֻҪԴ٣˵ԾȻ
һΣһҩģȴʱ䣬ƳһҩԤҪһö
öҩƷ൱ؽ׼ƷҶеƣΪ
ԣڿʼѾһ۲۵ʦѾʦ̤֮һֻҪƳ׵ҩ׼ʦˡ
һ첢ǺѣȻһ󿲣ǣǱȽ׿ġ
Ŀں棬ʦʥĿһְת䣬ʴˣѶȼ󣬵ҩҲҪܴԼ
⾹Ȼǵؽ׼ƷԣС˲䣬Ϲɴסˣ̧ͷоǲ˼顣
Լ֪ͺãҪκ˵𣡡ɫ΢΢࣬ȥ˰ɣԪֻܱһʱϾˣ¹Ҳ죡


807 
ãлϹɵͷƿ칪һݣǵڶˣ
˵꣬һӣǲžоУ죬ⶫҿ֪ûã͸ɣǶ˵ãԲŵ
һ㶣ҪܾϹ̬ǿӲֱӲĻУΣˣл
˴뿪ٴʱǼĽ֮ˣϣԺ㣡Ҫ㣬СУ֮飬ǣȴв˱˿ңǿڣܵģϹɫȻ֣صص
ңˣĿ겻ֻ½ͬĿ꣡ǣеѶȹǴ޷ģ࣬ȣǶͨ
ϹǴӴǨƹķ֧ǰһʾ壬˴ˣ鲢
ԣҪôԼӦ֪ˣ
Ϲ˵꣬Ҵ뿪ȴϹɵĸ롣
һĻߣһԽĴɽ
Զɫأ˼ᶨİԵ

õž֮ȴֽסеĺ棬ʱ֮ջ󣬻صʯңʼо
ŽҳȻֻа߼µĵƣȴв٣ֵĹ֣Ǻѿģ챾ӦÿԿģǣʶһ䵽ҳϣ־ʧˣĵĻᡣ
ҳӦǴԭȡҳ͸һɼΪϵϢƺѾ˺ܾõʱ䡣˵ǻƽɵֽҳҲʱлĥ𣬿ǣã˵зһصı
Ϲ˵õʱʱ֮Ϣ֣Ǻܾܿǽʱ򱣻
оһЩ֮ʶ𽥿ڽҳϡ
ңҳƺϸо˼֮ľЩήңʶķѾ޴
һо죬ʶľˡ
ʶҳһɲǣҳһâ뵽ԼʶУ˲ûӰ
ŽҳĵʧˣԭֵĹҲʧˣŷĽֽ
˲סˣЩĪȴҲ֪룬ؿеĽҳεҡҡͷӽ˿ռָ
˼ʱʶָˣǣ𾪵ǣԺͻȻһιϵ֣һξġ
޺ۣ
һط֣ιžģǽҳϻڵĹž
طһʩչ԰˵Ԫڲ֪У˥Ϻʱ֮ıԴ
طҪʱ򵽰ĲΣ
ڵ˵һңɼΣ
ƾնĹžطоΣȻǿ󣬵ȴּߵĸо
Ըһԣȥ
֮ղൽˣʯңԺгĵˣеѶˡ
뿪С磬вڴȵʱٴμǣЩˣȴ֪ʲôʱ
ʹһ֮飬ڻЦС

ʱˣڳе߶ۼ˽Χɱ¾֮еߣҲվڿտĵط˽ķ
ϣһЩѵһĴҲˣλʹ˽Χ
һΣ󷨱ȥˣԳԭĸ߶ȣˡ
ռǧ㣬Ѿƶˣǵеߣܹһ⡣
˵оŲ㣬ÿһ㣬ȴһСһ㡣
һ죬ֻɱ¾Ǻ䶯ˣСеҲ䶯ˣ壬ޣֻ壬Զɱ¾ǵķеĵط˱Һ޳
СиĿȻ֮ң޷ǣȴؿ
·Ψһʣƴׯϣ֣
ʱɱ¾ǣȴǰޱȣĬĬעĿʥĸ
ÿһοϷйĪļͬʱҲޱȵĸ˰䳾΢΢̾˿
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û취ǴӳͿʼ׼ˣ뵽ĴУҪ͵ȥһƬգɫ£ׯء
ӷգһСһﶼܲˣҪˣĦڭӵ
ҲţԱһ£Ϸ򷽲Ű䳾ɨһ۶ս졢ɱأ򿼫ˣһ˿ο

һ𣬲֪ʱֵܣϣڲ֮½սļ򣬴
ţһģţ֮ǻģʱǵսС½Ǵ磬򣡡ͷǸɣ
ţսͷ漴һѡ
ҲˣȵʱǾûлỰˡ
սֱͨӻصͨԳһܾӵС硣
ɱȴҪԶصȥʶһĻ
ɱոսкܶණҪѧϰȺԺһõط
ɱıԴϢȴ򣬶Сؾ֮УǽҲᱻͻȥ
ԣֻƤ䳾æһЩ͵ĹŹӡǣԱ֤ɱԶһͳȥ
ʵҲֱӴ͵ģң黹ĦҲڵֻεطٽܽԽ޾ȥ

ˣ
һʱ֮ɱ¾һ£طһ˲ңɢȥһֽգ˺Ĺâ֡
ʱϼƣͷųҫ۵Ľ⣬ɱ¾ǡ
һӺ󣬿ռͣϢ֮ҲʧˣĹâ΢΢ֻӳǧɷΧ
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ʮϢ֮󣬽ײľŵ𽥴ˣɲƴϢӳ·齵˲ҪأĤݡ
ʱ򣬽Ŀˣ
˼ѣЩѾ壬ֻǰһ£Ǳȥ
ǣѾվߣǶʸнܽϴѪ֮ߣõ֮ܵĵͳУܵһ㣬ձͳȥ
ʱǵɱ¾þ
ǵȴһʼϣܹߵøԶվĸߣ֤ܣ꣡
䳾鴫ǣÿһ߶ѪڡЩ޷ߣȻ޷ܽϴǵ֮·õΣѾǵıϡ


808 ϴ
ȺԾطֳ˾Źɣվھŵǰǰǧĸֶվǰ棬䳾΢΢һЦ
˲䣬Ⱥˣÿ˶̧ͦͷȥС
濴ޱȿȥ󣬷ָǹÿһ㶼˿ڳǡ
ңУоǽһһ㣬طȫͬ
ؿİֿտռ䣬ɱ¾ޱȵ𾪡
ڵķҪСطҪƣһ͸оһɰԵɱѹʵһֱ߽
ңֲɱ¾ܹ֮ͨ龳֮˲ɱ
ƽϢѰŷ
һĵطǵÿʱ֮ڣһʮˣǣһ֮ټĿռ䣬ֻһˡ
оǰйĲûгɣһŵأڿն𣬷ӹȥ
ʱ쿴һ֮ľŲʯ̨ÿһоŲݣаʮһݣÿݸߣɣߡ
ʯ̨Ķһӵʯţƣпռ֮Ϣ
Ҫ뿪صֻҪʯż̡
ʯǰ棬һֱʮɵԲ̨һߣµƺ͵ƣЩͼڡ
ʱԲʯ̨ϣȴǷ͵⣬ʮɸ߳·ѻıʯһ㡣
֮ǰоǹصԲʯ̨ɢģ²⣬Ӧþ䳾˵ĽҲ
쿴˰죬Ҳ֪ôɵģЩµƣûһĿǰܹġ
ֻ֪ҪԲʯ̨棬ϴһЩѪ֮Ǹʣֻá
Ҫϵڶ㣬Ҫסϴ֮󣬻ֱӱ͵ڶ㡣
ϸ۲һŲ˽ݡ
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ĽŸһ䵽һʯ̨ϣ˲оһطѹ֮ƺǴ֮ѹΧɱ¾Ϣϣ̼ŵǶߡ
Ҳһֿ飬Ͷߵ־
ϴһ尾Ḷ́ЩʵһϢʱϴҲܲˣôǱ޷ʯס
ܹʮһף˵ҪʮһϢϴ̡
ϵѹĥߣֱЩϸȫԵʯ̨ܰʮһϢϴ
һѹ˵ϿԺԡ
һϢһϢ֮󣬱ʯ̨ϡ
ǰԲʯ̨ûԥ̧ȥ˲䣬һɹ֮Уÿһת뵤γһѭ
ͬʱɹҲ뵽˹֮УûжʹֻЩ
ʶǹȴĽ𺣽ò죬ֻо΢΢йɲ֮С
ϴΪԱȽϴʼ٣һϴûʲôá
һ֮Բʯ̨ϵ˲һһɾҵĿռ䲨оһصԼһ£ǰһڣֺȻˡ
ֵʱѾһط
ڶ㣡
оȵһѹҪǿһɱ¾Ϣǿһ
һΣ쵹Що
ѹĥ߶ɱ¾֮ԡ
Ĳԣ˲ҵ˷
ǾŲʯ̨ʮһףһһģһֻѶѡ
еʯϿһϢ֣й֣Ҳʶ֣еǿеǹ似
ЩµģǼ֤ķš
ܿ죬վ˵ڶԲ̨ϣһϴ΢ȵһʹһ㣬ûЧ
һ֮͵˵㡣
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ÿһʯ̨һʯʯ治еƺ֮⣬һЩ겨żԳһЩӡǣƺ¼һЩ顣
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һΣŸܵϴĺô
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ӿԲʯ̨һ˽ȥ
ʹ
̹ĵʹ
·ϵÿһ缡ⱻˣÿһ羭ˣÿһͷˣƤѪһ֮ٲȻһѪˡ
ʶһӿԴģҿҡҷɢһάŴԵѡ
һָ֮оʧΪԼľˣûʹ
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ԱߣһСι֣ϸ֮£Ӧһ似Ů޵似Щ쿴󶮡
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һЩ֣ϤѪ¾ٹصʯϼ
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˵ҿȥ
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ԭΪʹһ֮˭֪ʱȥˣ컹Ƕʯ̨ϣּ尾ʱȫһѪˡ

ܵڰ˲ϴʱĿռ䣬һӰҲڳϴļ尾
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ҪԶһͬ뿪ԣ޷Եϵڰ˲㣡
ʱϴ尾ʱĿռУмӰ˵ڰ˲㣬ǲнϹɺСУ
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ոյĿֲξΪԼʧˣ˭֪ոոӦ֮£ȻѾɱ¾֮˰ĲΡ
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׵ϣͻȻһѪܵġɱ֣˽ס궼ˡ


810 ɱ
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ݻһսĵĳһӰɢŸɱսƥܻɱ󣬻أܵӰð
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Ѫ컯ʱڣɱԪ񣬿вǣвʽǴ˿̾ɱԪ񣬶ʩԴ䡣


811 ɱ񴫳
ƽľɫأĶ̫ǿҲǶ֣
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ҵ컯ҽ񣿼ˣǱĵ֪ҹһûгɹ¾ͱĵ˸Ĩɱˣҡҡͷɲɵӣ⵽ԭˣǰǻ񾳵Ĵܣһͬ޵е֣ΪеˣȻҲȥˣȥ
޵־磬ţٶˮƽľ֮š
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ԣ㻹Ѱ˰ɣ
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ǣޱִţһֱظһ仰ȴ𽥱ðˣܿҪˡ
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ҽ⴫УǵھŴɱˣȻ뵽һ⣬ɫʱ
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ԭɱ飡ԭţʱɱ֮ֻҪʶôɱ͹ˣ
ɱɱйأĪıǰĳλıôǽѲɽɱ
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ϧȴʹ񰡣ʲôʱܵ磡ôһؿɱ¾þУ
Ʋ˵ɱʱٴˣһֻԼòߣԼãʱּߵĸо
ߣĦ룬еĵӽɾͲһˣԭƷָտɴ
˵޷첢ûнСе뷨
ѾõɱĴУҲİˣҪŹͨߣ
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ĻһӦʳǵǲǴĽ㡣
ܿ㰲ϤĳҰԶһ޴ĳǳأͦĳǽΰĳţȺ
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ڵϣ³һŵ˲
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Ҫжʦ޲һǹűҲͲˣףڳ⣡
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˵ܼģһ˽ȥܳһٸѾˣ
˭Щ죡Ϣܲһ㰡
Ǹˣʲһ

оΧһĿϮϢԶȺųȥ
ʮ·ңԶ첢ûзУζ
СչʱС磬пᣬ飬Դḻڶ࣬ȴȱַζ
ֵֻطܹоµ·Ǽʵģ
һ·Ļǹߵ顣
˵ǳˣ
ֹǳţֶֻڤҲڼǰˣ
ǰմѶϢ׵Ļˣ
ʮ֮ǰѾˣʤеҲˣ
ϧһţûдȥ磬գ
̫ҫ졢˫ǧҰݺᡢ˪˪ˡ٤٤޺ХΤХȫؾˣ
۰һ˽ܴ඼ɱ¾þҲǱѡ
νţСֻǴ˵ѡ
ƶ֮غʹطߵĲ֮ͬ
ʱ챯˲ѣóöϵĿռָεذ̾һһ£գ˵ʵһĳ̶֮󣬿Դתֻأһ߾ȫǴڤ磬ƷҲҪҵ㸴İ취
ԶʹʱԼΪβŵʱ˵ϲ
ţҪţһа취ģƬһŲǵڣ
˵ϼѾ֮ĸˣ
ʲô޷Ҫߣ˵Ѿ֮ˣ
ǵϢ治ͨСٻŪӰɷͲԶѾ֮Ĵˣ
ڵͰݽȵİҲĸ֣
찡Ű£ô࣬ǺõطҪܽȥöð
⻹㣬˵һʱ֮۷壬ǰͻˣѾ֮ˣ
죿ôֲģһŰ
ʲôһ滹أ
˵ңͲ֪ˣ˵ˣﱻˣãûнȥؾôܸڵĳһأ
Ҳ԰һ㲻˰ɣҲС磡
˵Ǹļһһˣû֣Ѿˣ
԰ǸһǿһǰĴսķݶʱǰͷѾľˣû֣ˣ
ûϢӦлưɣ˵ĦĵӣǸһ
Ħĵӣܲûн뵽ؾĽҲܿģ˵ڻ
û취ĦĵλʼǸˣҲòͽԷһöڻǿԵģ
Ҫܽڻ۴ܻߵӰ񣬻ģûдһ



813 ֵʿ
Ϊϵƺܶأſڵûȡʯˡ
Ȼһǰˣǣһ·̫£ǵӡбõˣټԼı仯̫ûϳҲ
Ǻ«һǮҪǮ
ӣƤڶ࣡
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¹ҩһ̣

ɷߺ̸ȵȣΥĸоӿС
Żеķȥ˼·ȺпһӰ۾ʱһ
ֻһڵֵʿһڳǺ«Сͯһļթ
СܣСܣֵ߰ʿ¼ҴҼߵСк
Ск˫ֻסǺ«תɻشֵʿ۵ЩɫǵֵʿԼǺ«ص
ֵʿСͯĶͷۣ̾˰ˣе֪ľһĽǣֱһŰ
һͨζ㻹죬νҲ˭
ֵʿĻСкͣ˾׽Ӻضֵʿ
ͼ飬άƽͽˣòã
СкȻ󶮣Ҳͷ
ʱֵֻʿӻóһû飬ŵⱾ澭ϹžгɣȥģǺ«ԣҿԵʮ㣡
СкȻףһ㣬ֵʿҪĶҡҡͷ
ôӹˣֵʿһ㶣üͷ΢ǡǾһɣ
СкؿֵʿżһǺ«õĶǺ«
ӹ󣿡ֵʿ۾΢΢΢һ˼ʮƷʯ
СкĬʼ׽еɽ髡
ҲҵùһӣֵʿΣһָͷ
Скˡӡҡҡͷܼؾܾ
һӶУðɣⱾһǮֵʿ̾˿Ϊεص
裬֣˭֪ʱСкת޺ҡҡλεˡ
ʱĿͶ˹ֵʿ񣬺ܲƣȴҲΡ
ɹƭķ
̵ģϴƭҼСһƷʯʲôԪ֮ӣ
ֵʿñ˵Ҽطˮ⣬ƭһǧ𶧣󻹽Ʒˣ
ɱƭӣ

ĴֵʿӣֹƶƭǣֻԵˣ
ʱǰȥֵͣʿɴʮе飡
ֵʿףʵϺأʵ֮ߣҲ͸ƺ䳾Ҫء
еıôأ
ֵʿתûˣֱӵ򣡾Ե֮ˣ
ܿסˣ۾ɴ󣬾Сӡˣ
ǺǣȻҪˣò΢΢һЦ
ֵʿ˰죬һüһչתͣСûиϵʲôвٱ֮ġ
һֵʿУǲ
ֵʿ۾һɣСӻȱУϵĿұ죬ֻԵˣ
ǺԵ㿴һǣˣԵ΢΢һЦȤ
ƨԵֻ˵ϵù˵ǰʲôȥȴҲԭһˣɻҵ⣬Ҫ㣡ֵʿһӣ˫ֲ۾
̫ܳˣҲöԣȥУȤĻģһεǼ˺ܶĶ
˵ţ΢΢һЦŽֿת˽ȥֵʿһǰȥԺһ̳̳ƵĻ档

ǰѾȥʱˣʲô˰ɣϹ˾ƿգ񲻶
˾ƿҡҡͷ΢΢һ̾ãӦû£䣬ӦóˣѵǴ˵ط
ǰǷָ磬ķ޷Ӧ걾ԴϹޱȽ
ϹСӣԷģԲ᲻ᷢµģ˾ƿյɫҲ΢΢Щأ˲
Ϲ΢΢̾кΣʱ䣬ӦٳʱˣǣȴϢļ١
ȵȰɣ죬ûϢϷȥң˾ƿйâһǱ͵ȽԶĵطСʶǿҪǽϢϷҲ޷Ӧģ
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ʱŹֵϢ⴫һƺ֮ͨȴʮֺ죬һʱʱ֣Ѫȴʢ֮
˸ӦϢʶ̽ȥȴʲôҲû֡
иˣ΢˾ƿüֹһλ˭أգ
˵ţվһãԺţη˼ٺᣬ˾ƿգ
ಣ
ХһӰſڣֵʿֻں죬Ŷ䣬ƲƲ죬ҵ˾Сӣż첻㲻᲻ϵ˰ɣ
ǺǣôأҵȻϵõˣ˾ƿ΢΢һЦһ֣˵һλ
˾ǰ㲻ϣңʱͷųԭƣȥҹڤʥ£߽˴ţ˾ƿպϹһݣǰˣ
죡˾ƿɫһʱϲϹȴǾгġ
СӣôȥĶˣǴ˰ɣϹһǰ˼һ£۾һСӣˣҪˣ򵥰ջС
˾ƿҲǰ΢΢һЦСһҪٳټ죬˵Ϸȥˣ
ǰˣٴιһݡ
ߣȥ˵Ϸ򽲽˾ƿնһ֣

콫ԼСеľŽһ£Щطȴʡˣʥɽ̨ͨѪ¾ؾѪӵ׺ͽھŲ㡣
һǸ̾Ϲ𣬵꣬ҲУǣȴɱ¾ǳģڽصĿռдġ
ߵɱ¾ǣ붼û
˾ƿ˵ģųѾ´ˣ
˾ƿգȴƽһΪȻ㣬ȴ޷ȵģͨţ춼Ȳϡ
εı֣ȫϣ첻ɱɱ¾ǣһڳǣ
֪һ޵֣ʲô顣


814 ң
Сӣ˵ԡѪĽֵʿͻȻȤæʵ
ţͷ
пһùܴĹֵʿ۾ȵؿ죬
ҿúܸߵĹڽڵǰ棡ҡҡͷ漴۾һ
ɲ뽫ԼѪ¾ؾ˵飬ûǲҪ̫֪
ֵʿһ۾һɣ漴¶ζЦݣ㿴
ͷ
ûпʲô󷨣ֵʿ
һ㶣˼۾վֵָʿɱӣ˵ôôϤԭģƭ˰죡û㲻ȥұŪ˸
ٺ٣ʱѣֻ˵ãֵʿٺһЦ漴΢ܵĶȥ
ٵˣǣֻܺƽˣƲƲ죬ƽص·˵һƽ顣
ǣ⻰˶УȴǾըס
ƽڣ
ʲô
Ϲļʶ٣Ȼ֪СеĽкβ֪ͬʵƺ
˾ƿգǱ𺳵ˣҲУǣԡѪУ޷뵽
ֵֻʿ֪ǵڣζʲô
˴طĽڣо֣ǣߣǵڣǸ޵֮ˡ
뵱꣬ҲһɹˣǸˣȴһ
㾹Ȼܴƽڣ˼飡ˣδϢãֵʿо֮ɫ
СӣϷһһЩûһſԱ˾ƿЦǺǵص
Զԣһ˵һˮƽһһأҿǲģϹҲͷ
ãͷҸǽ
ǣ㽫Լеĸ˵˳Ϲɡнɱս졢Ρߡս񷡢أ򿼫ԶССһʶˡؿաǧݺȵȣǰʮĸ֣ȫгԼնɱХ硢޵С̍ˣҲ˵˳˳㽫Щ˵ص㶼˳
벻ɱ¾þͳôʣȻʥ֮Ͻ嶼ˣ찡Ǵ˾ƿһס̾
Сӣ˵ʲôʯˣôлܸϵϵָ£֤죡һɱͨʯˣֵʿ˲Ȥ
ҡҡͷ˼ԼĵҪԼĹžǿøϲⶫ
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ֵʿĻûģ㲻ˡ
ʱϹɫ΢΢Щ仯죬˵Ǹʥ֮ʲô
Ϲɣɻص
ϹɣϹɣϹ˼дʣϹң
ͷǣ֪
Ϲ΢΢һ̾Ĭ
ƺһЩʲôҲûжʣϹܣԼ˵Ҳʡ
˾һᣬ֪СطˣʮϵҲԽȥʱϹ˾ƿüһʱЩء
ܿףһвõ鷢
Ǹǻǻ㲻˾ƿ̾һ
ֵʿǲΪ⣬һоﵮɱ¾þıʣֻ֮һļþҲᷢ飡
ţ⵹Ҳǣ˾ƿյͷҲԺ󣬻߶Խˣ
ҪǵˣҺ뽫Ħ龳ϵĵӺͳ϶Žȥ⣬ҪȥɾˣϹ̾
޺õģƲ֮µĹͻᱻƶˣ˾ƿɫ΢ʱ»ҲпᣡûܽڳǣϷǧ꣬һȥڳǿǴеĽ
лģ΢΢һЦ漴Ϲɫ΢ȥ磡
˲䣬չϹһ˾ƿգߵͷɣСһ֪Щʲô
ϹͷĬɫٱ䣬ʶԼ뿪һ£ңһʲôǲǷʲôƶ񻯣
⵹ǣϹҡҡͷ֣֪ô£ǺǻҲ˵㻹ȥɣ
Ķʱͷ

ʱңӡһѪɫ֮У󷨣һЩ󷨣ֵ֪ʿֱʣΪ˾ƿûıµġ
ңڻ˥ϣԭ򰾢ļ⣬ʱѾɱȥѪɺԣ֮Ѹʧ
ǣʧȴûɢȼգǻ۵ĳһδ֪ĵط
ʱһ£ң˻ữһ߸ʬ
󷨹ͨ˵ȡ֮ԴԴϵػ۵ңڣά״ֻ̬֪Ȩ֮ƣȷӦԣĵǻᷢ
ʲôʱ飿ɫأ
֮󣬾ѾˣϹɫҲã֣ͻȻͳʱоط򶼱ˣ·оǿ߽һ㣬һɿֲϢһ£ҲֻǼϢ֮󣬱ʧˣңͳͬˣ
СӣǲǿʲôңСǲʲôֵѪϷ²ǿصѪһλ˾ƿɻ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ҲѪ
漴ˣ֪ʲô𣿿Ѫ֮Ӧòڷɣ
ϹԴһ֪˾ƿȴ˽һЩѪ֮Ѫ֤Ѫ֮ͻᷢ仯ͬʱĺҲܵӰ죬Ѫͬʱı䣡
˵ţ˾ƿտһңѪļҪʱˣʱ˷ˣȱٿʽȥ
һ˵쵹ǿԽܣΪңǿĳѪȻҩˣ俪ˣαصȵڡ
֪Ѫ֮֮ٶȿǺܿģңһЩص֡
Ѫ֮Խ翪Խã
쿴ֵʿ۾΢΢һУʶǷ֪ʲô
ոսʯҵʱֵʿ̬˾ƿպϹͬҪɫƺЩ죬ֱҲüͷ
Ҳ֪Ҹ˾Сһֵʿڰ֣ƺԸش
Ĺ죬㿴˾ƿգǰһ䰲ʯң
ţԱߵʯûˣ˾ƿյͷ˳ңָԱߵһʯңҪʲôкһ


815 ֻӡ
ţͷһݣϹ𣬵ȥϢһ£͵оһ޲ĵҩ
Ϲͷһֵʿˡ
˼˾ƿնֻղ
ȥģ΢΢һЦʾ
Сӣæأֵʿҡҡͷ۾ʱʱңڵĵط
ȥɣʱ䣡ֱסֵʿֱۣʯңȻֲ˼׵󷨡
Сӣ벻Ҳôõ츳ֵʿ촿ַо͵ɫ
Сѣ벻ǰۣ΢΢һЦ
ߣα⻹벻ãƶֵͣʿƲƲ죬С츳ֲѧĶ̫ˣӰ߶ȣҪ֪רһĵߵøԶ
лǰ̻壡΢΢һݣóһ̳ƣǴСģǵСдӶսƭȥƣֻʣ࣬Ҳ͵õѡ
һֵ֣ʿ۾ɴˣˮֱµصԳ𣬴ôߣСӣĶģ
͵ģ쵭һЦó񱭣ˣþ̳һƵֵʿǰоΣ
СӣʲôѰƶʶһ£ⶫɲʵûн飬òģֵʿһƴޱȵſˮȴ᲻úȡ
ͨԳĺᣡ΢΢һЦ
ԭˣ˵Ĺȥˣ
ֵʿһȻ򣬵ͷ΢΢һţһһϸӱлɳֵʿУһֱʮ֮һҵͣͷǻһϢȥϢſ죬һþƣǺþƣ
ʱֵʿ˲һˣƺ˾ԶĻ֮Уо˸еɫ֮Żָ
СӣþƣܾûƷˣֵʿ΢΢һЦ֪лʣ˵ɣ
ǰӦ֪ҪʲôЦЦؿֵʿ
ģĽֵʿһЦ漴̧֣ջ˼ƣΧǽϡ
һɫ䣬ޱȵ𾪣ֵʿղһ֣¾żʦ޷
ѵһ
һ룬˲亹һȻڲŷ֣
СӣҵרؾȣܿҲģֵʿɫ΢΢һЦҲֻһ㿴ұѣ
ǰˣһֱ׾ٴιһݡ
ֵʿƱһڣַ񱭣ſ죬ɫޱȵ࣬Сôʶģ
һ㶣Ҵ磿ͨԳһѣ
ңֵʿɫȻȫһԭȵʣɢһɸ˵ơ
ɽɫ΢䣬
ɽֵʿһ㶣۾΢
΢΢һ˼ͷţ
ֵʿźһɫȻʲôݣ
Ǹ¶ʦ񵽣ģ˼
ʦʦǺˣֵʿɫʼˣ
·ˣҩ˵أ֪ܲ˵鲻
СһҲûж⣡˵˵㣬ǣЩ飬¹ϵңˣֵʿһ֣صص
һɫһ䣬ٴһ룬һˣԳʲôĻ
ʲôĻֵʿɴ۾漴Ц̫ˣ̫ˣĻ
ɻֵʿ˲ı仯оЩĪ˵ģ
ֵʿֹסЦ⣬ɫٴα֪֪ʲôˣ
ҡҡͷ֪Ӧúǿ
ֵʿЦһȻǿˣǿôˣҶмʱˣڤʱ˶֪жڽˣ
ڤʱڽ٣üͷһɻʲô
ԺȻֵ֪ʿҡҡͷ֮Ѿ˺ܾˣûֻأ
ֻһ߻ѣӦÿԴɣɻˣʵ
Դ֮𣬼Ǵ˵еˣҲģοǼɴ棡ֵʿƲƲ죬Ҹҿ϶Ǽһ϶ǺŪģʵ޷½Ȼͻ飡
ɫٱ䣬ǰľ磿
ʣЩҪҪԼȥ̽ʵ̫˵ˣĵӰ죡
ҲΣϣǰֵʿȣĺ
ҲûбҪƭҰɣ˵־УɱģģУα˵һôصأʲôĿģɫˣʱ͸оҩںߣ˵滰ʱֵʿ¶࣬һ
ʱֵʿȴֿʼ˵ˣȻǼһﲻǣ϶һ㣡Ҫ֪֣һĲΣ޷֪ģ
Ĭʼĥҩ˵ݡ
ҲӦñģԼҪһЩֵʿ֣صظ
ͷǴأ
ֵʿɫޱȵ࣬Ҫ˵ľң
Сӣ֪ңܲ򵥣ֵʿ
ͷ֪ս壡
ֵʿҡҡͷʲ˵ʲôҵĵǣ磬±Ҫ󣡡
ʲô˵ӣҽǰ㣡ɲҪ˵Ǻˣ²Ըˣֵʿݡ
٣Сӹʱˣңֵʿ۾һɣ
ߣΪΪ߾ͿˣӲˣ춼㲻ȥӶɽٵʱ죬ǰ췣أƲƲ죬ûһ˿⡣
췣ţô˵ǵֵʿһۣ˵Сӣҿû˵оݣ
Ŷ˵˵üͷһ
ҵʱӡʱ򣬷ĵȻˣǣȴԪתȫ蹬ƺֵʿ
ʲôҲ蹬ƭȥɣ˭ţ㽫Ԫ蹬ԣţĵص
ߣСӣ㶮ʲôǧ磬治Уϵֻ࣬ǵԴԪЩ˵ĲרѨģԽԪĸѨ֮Уֵʿһۣ
һɫʱˣֵʿ˵Լʶ̫ˣ磬ܶ࿴Ʋܵ飬ˡ
ңǰģô蹬Ԫɻص


816 ʮֻ
Ҫ˵ڣɫȻֹϵĹֻһЩǹϵǿŻУңݿ²򵥣ѪУ¾ֹ
˵ңܿǿĴˣɫ΢䣬
ֵ֪ʿҡҡͷĻһЩ
˵ţɫΪأ֪ҵʱʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷʲô
ֻӡǣֵʿ³ĸ֡
ֻӡǣʲôüͷһ⡣
ֵʿƲƲ죬ûʶļһϵռһ֪ʶɣ
첻ȴǽֵʿʺһ顣
ֻӡǣֻعǿµӡǣΪһֻ֮ڱһֻӡǣһҲǸ磬ֻֻӡǣֻһһֻӡǣֵʿ
һ˵ɫˣ˵ĻңпܱԼڻϣ
˵Ϊһˮƽֻ֮ڲŻֻӡǣǵʲô磿
ͲҪˣʸ񲻹ֵ֪ʿҡҡͷ
ȥ˵ˣƲƲ죬۾΢΢һûֻӡǣ
ֵʿɫһ䣬ݺݵص죬Ⱳӻûлɲֻأ
ľ繻ֵ
һߴȥʵıʣֵʿһӣ۾
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ֵʿͷһ㶣ҡҡͷ
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УֹһֵʿɫȻ
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ĵɫˣ
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ɣ󾪣ɫޱأֻأǿǿһǳֲ顣
ֵʿҡͷСˣ
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ŵֵʿ³֡
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ŵֻӡǣζٻ˾һоŴνǸصľ磬Ȼֻء
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Щ
ʲôĿģһʮֻ֮һս壬ﵽĳɾͿ϶һ㡣
֮ŴһʲôĿģ
ȻĿˣΪ֮ʮΪԲֻʮʮٴνǸ磬ὫʮΪںһǿޱȿֲʵּأֵʿ֮ɫŨ
쵹һ֪֪Լ
ֵʿ³һ϶֪Ҫȡǰļ䣬ǴﵽǸ磬򿪼ļ
һҪǰΣڻݴ磬ͺãǰ飬޹أڵңҴ磡
СӣüˣֵʿҡҡͷɫصصҲʸʶǸ磬ôһɽĵǶãһʱͬʱ֣һȻնɱһ֤춨Լ޵֮
һôǽɱɱ㣡
ֵʿĻɫһͣƬ̺ŻعҡҡͷӦòģҴ磡
ߣ磿ЦһҲЦֵʿƲƲ죬޵·ģ˵ǽݴˣ׵ֵܣڱҪʱ򣬶лε򣬻ǽնɱ֤̫ˣѾΪˣ
ĬȻܲԸֵʿ˵Ļֵʿ˵ʵ
Ȱ㻹Ǿ˽һвȵĳһ죬ͻʩ֣޵ĻᶼûУֵʿ
տڲԣϸ˼֮ҡҡͷģҴ磡ô·Ը
˵۾һ⣬Ȼ޵еģһˣվ۷壡
һֵʿɫٱ䣬˵ˣ֮󣬲ŵããǣ£ϵҵĵǶˣ
΢΢һЦǰ֮û
ֵʿڰ֣ϵһʣľһŽձݵǰûʲôģûҪˣƻƿˣ
쵭һЦó˾̳һƸֵʿֵʿؼ쵱ڿˡ
ô죿òò֥֮
ã˵ֻ֮ǣڵһУ⣬һֱܣ֪ʱĽݴ磡ĵﻹҪ޸ȻСӲ¶֣Ǿ͸ԼһǿĶְɣǶԼĥֵʿͷ
ͺãͷ֥Ѿҵˣ
µˣʲôСģҹƣɱ¾þУҲǽһƣֵʿһЦǲڵصҵģ
ͷһĽأ
һ壿ߣҽУֵʿƲƲ죬ֹ֣²Ƿôˣ
ֱιҩ첢ûֵʿĻ
ȻɵҩЧˣֵʿͷ쵤Ʋ쵤
쵤ǿ׵ҩһǰ
ֵʿһ΢΢һЦãҪѵģ
ѣһ飬Ҫʲôʯ٣
ʯҲ˼˵СڵղأʯǿɾͺˣݣңƶҪֵʿҡҡͷ
Ҫʲô۾΢ʱֲõĸо
ղ̳ﻹưɣֵʿıóһ㣬ٺһЦ˵˵㣬˭ƶɮأľΪ£Ժлǧ˰ٽТϵˣ
ʲôǧ˰ٽǺǣһ۾һɣʱЦˣСдãң˾ƿպϹûгôֵʿһ˺ȥأ
ûУ
򷢽лȥɣֵʿһʱˡ
лӣߣΪں˧ҪҪһ£һ͵ĻлûʲôƲƲ죬мص
֪㾹ȻĸǱȣƶ㣡ްûʶֵʿһֳĭûԸȥɣ
ߣΪһʱˣһ׵Կ˵һҿɾֱͻƵʦˮƽˣ


817 
㣿Ҫ¿ӣʳһȦֵʿһԲţƲƲ죬Ȼص
£֪һЩȻǣҪƳ׵ҩƺ޿ܵģ˴˵жֹ
ǣ˵ģʱ򷴻ڣһˣ
ڣ췢ģƳײ쵤ƶɮʳѿһȦΥ׺䣡ֵʿ֣ĵˣô죿
ˣֻҪ֣㿪
ãҪʲôͶһ̳ƣֵʿ۾΢У
һ㶣漴ͷãˣ
ľ￴ֵʿӣŵȻģƶɮ㣡
ǣɾͿˣ΢΢һЦ漴ó鶦
һΣ״γԸѶȵԼҲû̫İգҪ鶦ŻһƳ쵤
ó鶦ֵʿһ㶣۾һ̾ñ
ܿɫɻˣüͷֹĶ
콫⻰У̧ͷɻʶ˶
֪鶦ԭ鵤ڵ֮Ӧ½Ķֵʿأ²Ǵ½ϵˣˣֵʿʶ鶦Щˣ
ƺЩӡ󣡡ֵʿ΢΢üȻ۾һⲻͷ𣿡
ţô˵أʲôӣ鶦ôݵ𣿡챾Ϊһ˵ʲô̸뾡֮ԣʱϲ
ˣ𲻻ϲľ͸㣡ⶦ㲻ͷһڣҲйϵΪǼһģһֵʿƲƲ죬һĸ
ţ˵㣡һ㶣ʱȤ
ͷʲô鶦һģһǿƷһڣֻƷѣֵʿ۾鶦ƷҲǲӿһģһֱǳͬһ֣֮ǸƷǾһĸ
ô˵ƷôˣĪ㻹иõɣƲƲ죬
˵ӣɲֻô˵һ֪ˣô˵ֵʿ΢΢һЦܾǰشһֻսʥԳ츳ս죬޽ɣ
ͨ쳹أ޴ȥһδͷҩ԰ӣҩ˸Ȼƨȥûʶ˴
ͷֺ󣬵׷ɱǺӵٶȼ죬ͷʵ߾Ҳ׷ϲһط˺˯ĶսʥԳͷӾʩչͨ丿Уͷųɵҩ
֪սʥԳļ尾ɱ䣬ϱĵرҩ壬ʵǣһӾͳɶǣ˳ͷ𣡡
ȻƤȴҲ֪Լûжͷɱ֣
ǣ֮ǰȴһøս߶ˣԣ˳ӣ
ֵʿһ˵һЦֻĸо
̫ˣ˭˶սʥԳλĴѾ¼ڷˣ֮£˷ӣ˭ܽסƲƲ죬սʥԳ֪ж𾭣йضսʥԳļ¼Ǽֱߵڣս޶ͨԳ
ֵʿҲͬĻٶԡ
ⶦ鶦һŵ֮Եã˵йϵⶼǧˣ츧鶦ԼгɣһҪһԼĶҪеĶ֮ϣг𣡡
Ǻǣ־ҿˣֲĶֲ߻ҪǿɣƳõĶ𣿡ֵʿмһЦ
ţʲôһɫ䣬æʵ
ǿһֻڴ˵У±黹Ҫ磡ӣҪȡɣֵʿһ飬Ųµ롣
ӣ֪Ĳ͸¶һ㣡΢΢һЦҸ㣬ΪʲôҾ뷨˵˵ʲôǿڶ
ߣ⻹࣡˼Ҳ֪ô㣡˵Ǵ˵ˣһʵ㽫Ƴôһ˭Ҫ⻰ǹͲʺˣֵʿƲƲ죬
СңƳˣͰΪ˵ֵ壬Ϻ㣡һص
ԣֻҪǱ£ҵ⵱ϣһΣֵʿҲص
һ˵һԺв쵤ĵע˾ʼȵ
ţɫСŽɫĹâ紦һ㣬Ťɢ͵ϢʱֵʿһѣгҿʱסȻпǻŵ졣
ȻѾˣĬ֮ߣȻ˲ʱ䣡ǸֵСһʲôһɢޣȴźܶӵе϶ĳһܵصĴУ
ߵ־֮ͨߣе㶼ˣһǿı֧ôˣǰ;
ֻǣѧ˰ӣߵһ𣿡
һˣȻֻһ񣬵òȴǼûʲôѵֻ֮ĻΪҿڵֻӡǣ
һδεó𾪵ֶκͱֵʿޱȵ𾪡
棬ʱԣż
˰ʱ鶦ž¶ȣ¶Цݡ
һԵֵʿɫΪӣȻΪԶ죬ǣ츳̾硣
굤֮óһҩЩǴӵֱӲɳģʵĳ̶ȣֵʿֱۣ֪ҩǴóġ
Īָ
ղ˼򵥵ķ󷨣ҩĵʱҩԻӷ
Ȼ㿪ʼеĸҩͶ˵֮Уʼ
һ˲ʱÿһҩ켸ӽƻˣȻᴿҩҺеȫ޳ȫġ
ʱóһĲ֥ܵеŨŨ΢Ļζ
֥뵥ȡ̣컨ʱȷû˷һ˿ҩ
֮ſʼͷϷΪѵں
ʮָ裬һĵ˵ڲ
ģоʶģȽˡ


818 쵤
ģҪһֱעŶеı仯ҪŵͬʱҲҪͣտ
ʮʱһ裬˼󷨣һ󣬽붦ӵҩԡ
һĻֵʿ°Ͳڵˣ
붦ǿĵŲſģȻڵǣˮƽʱ붼û
첼һУһһƨϣɫ԰ףţ
ˣ治׵費һѣ챧Թ˼˲ǵĺ飬ʶģ
ʱе̣ѾòˣǷһЩʡ
ֵʿʱΣǵһ׵ַȴǾޱȣÿһϸڶû©ÿһڶã׷޹ƳƷʵĵҩ
ȫԿƵģЩ飬߷ˣֿ졣
ԼĹ覴ãõĻҲجΣ
еḶ́Ҫģ
ʱȥˣеĹ̻ûɣڼ䣬β󷨣ı䵤
ʱȥˣڵʯϲУһЩƣҲ۳һЩССУϵزʯĵġ
ţ춯СİɣҲ̫Ź˰ɣ춯ǰļ󣡡ֵʿ۾ɵôģʶչ۲ʯΧ֮ڵر仯
֮󣬵Ϸ˵Ľɫƣģзһǻ죬·жҪ˳
ɫ΢¿ٴοһ󷨣űȶ
ʱǾۼҲ˹Ӧ
յƽɢȥһжָ
ԭֻһ춯ǵ٣ɷƶˣֵʿغһţֹ
һʱ֮󣬵ͻȻһ۾һϲȥ󷨣˼
Ϣ֮һŨŨĵ鶦ɢУˬ㷢
ֵʿʱȴˣּеɹˣҵҩƷײͣӦ׵
Ļɾ䶨ˣ
䣬ҲҪ䵽ʲô̶ȣʲôƷʵĲ쵤
Ƭ̺ȥ˶ǣһȵӿ˳żΪŨĵ㣬˲ʯҡң㻹ֹϢ˳ʯҵǽ죬˳ȥԺӣ˾ƿպϹˣһĻֵȼλϣźͼĴ
лмˣһ飬ʱѾľ磬⻹Ͱ
ôŨʲôɢģ
㣡ǵ㣡Ʒʵĵҩ㣬ǾƷʣ
һλǰһʦɣ

ⲻɣϹüͷ΢壬ʹ˼ŨŨĵ㣬Ե˾ƿգǰǲС
˾ƿԣҡҡͷܰɣ׵ҩеŨ㣬Ȼڵϵ費Ҫ˵Ƴ쵤һǲ̫ţ
ĪǵϹȵص
˾ƿյͷӦλǰǷͨƳ쵤ҲûʲôѶȣңƷʣҲֻܹƳ
ӣΪң˵ĵҩˣϹ΢΢һ̾

ҿǣɢȥһöӨ͸ĵ農ڶף籦ʯһŵ뵹ĵơ

һʱһɣóһƿһУҩ˲ڰգĵޱ
⡭⾹ȻƷСƣȻеƣСӻǲ˰ôԽҲԽƷûƳֱƷĵȽˣؼûǣʦһҲ޷Ƴĵƣ㾹Ȼ㵽ʲôֵʿǱ𺳵ˣ״γ׵ֱƳƷһĵơ
ңһ㣬Ҳֵ֪ʿȴö쵤Ө͸ƣ뵵ĹѾһֽӽĴˡ
öҩڵһʱ䣬³󣬻ŵҲǴ˵еĵơ
Ļֵʿֻһˡ
죡
ôһö컹ЩʧˣɹĻɵöԤеĵҩƷʣƷҲûеƣ
һöһöŨǾöһöȴǳ֮ƷʣȻϲġ
ôӣⲹ쵤Ʒʺ͵ȼ԰ɣϸˣеƵģ콫ҩװƿУֵʿЦš
Сӣ治Ǹǿ걾ԴףƶΪһϹתأ׵Ƴˣǲ˼飡ֵʿ̾һŲʯȥ߱ߺϿȥ£
һ㶣漴һЦôôҪˣǲǼȥ㱼ȵȵȣҺúùۿһϿмӰʯأ
ֵʿŲͣ˿ʯţʲô㱼ô˷׵飬ôҸɵأ㲻Ҫ˵
˲ҪԶţǷĵģ˾͵һʯңסֵʿĸ첲
ֵʿʹֱۣһɻ󣬵ʲôģ˵ʲô﷢ģ
һ㶣۾һɣȥӣǶԣ㲻ôϰɣͲ׺𣿡
ֵʿƲƲ죬ɨ죬һԶˣƨԣܸӦ׺䶥ƶɮãûʲô𣡡
㡭΢ŭӣүˣôûһǿߵϣ
ϣǻʲôǮһ޷ģԤʮǮ˻㣡ֵʿӶ䣬ص
Σ֪ӵƷٺȥֻ˷ʱ䣬ˣ
˵꣬ת˾ƿȥ
ٺ٣СӣոҶ㻹۵㣡ֵʿıӰһЦ͹һȥ

λϣǣˣֵһ֣Ȼ飬ڶ̶һµʱС磬΢΢ȡ
ȻڻĹͣҲʲ
ϾûнС磬ʵͬߣҪ鸡һЩ
ʦܣ벻Ѿˣ˵ǹģ˷ޱȣͣش죬ҿ˵Сдɱķе֣ϧ޷㲢ս
΢΢һЦļ򣬵лģ
˵꣬㿴˰࣬һݣֿϵصлλǰԮ֣ģ


819 쵤
ֵܿˣҲûаﵽʲô˺ǿУǲһεģǸоиңҲû취ʵ̫⡣
ΪˣȴҲӲʵˡ
ţҲһЩˣ֪Ĵģģǰࡣ
֪СĽΣΪǸ޷ļѪһʱǴеˣѪһмûȥ
һصĳһȻɱ¾ǣҲֻǻʱʸصٴν
εȺУҵڣ΢΢Щܡ
Ҫȸң֮ȥҰݷһ£ĵĸĸһЩģ
üλϺͻеִ½Ӵˣֵʿ˾ƿաϹԼٴν˷ӡңҡ
ǰҪôŴʱӡңɫ΢΢ֵʿе֪Ʋ֮ʵҲǰٷְٵš
ĵһ̣֪ô
ȥӡֵʿǰзһӣһӰϵ˲ʧһɴ̹ǵĺϮеңɫ˲˲԰ףҲ˰˪
һӴصжϣûĲ䣬ңнҲɢ
ǰһѱңֵںģ΢һɾУűĻ
СӣżֻҪ޲˵Զָģľٶֵʿѵ
һ֣ͣոЩļˣԼܣңҲḴԭġ
ôңƽڵϣ
ι쵤ֵʿص
ͷóöӨĵҩңĿڣ뵤ҩȴֵʿֹˡ
Сӣιɲģֵʿһץҩһۡ
ӣ϶֪Ҳᣬ⿴Цİɣֵʿһۣ
ֵʿٺһЦַ΢ң˼£֮У˲䣬ңǱסһ㣬סˣһб仯Ķסˡ
ʱ㿴ֵʿ΢쵤ģɢŨŨ
Уֵʿһһתŵҩңĵ
ģһɢңĵ֮С
ʱ쵤ȴС
֮öҩ뵽ңС֮УγһУתš
ʱֵʿٶâոյķӡ˲ǸؼӿˣһЩ֣ƺڻؽһڡ
ˣھ͵Զԭˣֵʿɨ˼һۣСӵĵﱾԴһϣƶӳڼϣʵ֮ǰһҲ֮ǰҲ࣡ңöҩܲһ㣬̺㹻üˣԽɣ
ļ仰Ƕ˵ģֵʿ˵⻰ʱɫЩࡣ
ǾͺãҲҪˣһֲûȥСź۾һϲص
ţȥϢÿʱιöԪǸͨľУ죬ɸԭֵʿɫǸʱľѾˣ
ɣʱϹǰңһ߳ҡ
޸ôףǣΪֵʿϹֻ˾ƿգҲ޷
ңϹչˣ㿪ʼһֵ˾ƿչһͽ׵ҩȻʯҡ
һεҪΪ֣һ˾ƿյٵһԼƽ赤ҩپһЩĦ룬Уҡ
ΪóһЩҩң飡
һʯдҹڽĵҩƳ
˾ƿһöͨĴƵٵģǣ˾ƿ׼ĲϷ㣬ҲвٵҩˣԸһµмнҩƳһٵ
һٵܹöÿһöǵؽ׼Ʒңÿһöĵơ
Ҫóȥ֤һƷ쵤ҪһЩнľ˥Ϲͷǳٵ
ϸǹˣöҩȫ͸˾ƿա
һöҩȫãǧϣԪʱٷµڶöҲϵԪ
ٵƺ֮˸ԪԪǵ嵤ȼֵؽ׵ҩ
ЩҩһԼһ֣Ħĳõģ
׵ҩ˺ͲԪġ
պʯңʱ˾ƿѾվʯ棬ͷӣӦվҹ
һ̣˷·һ꣬Ѹߵǰصô
ҲһǧԪóһƿ˹ȥ
˾ƿһƿöҩӯ칪Ͱݣ󾪣ɲҽһݣֵʿĻԥؽܣ˾ƿղһһֵ𾴵ˡ
ҲֻϣܱĦƽ֪Լʶĳԣɫ
ģϷڣڣĦ밲Ȼسһָ۷磡˾ƿɫһ񣬵
лмһݡ

Ȼֵʿ˵ңĵȫָˣұǰҪ̡
Σһѹ˵ʷ˾޴仯ɢһɼǿѹƣչϹˡ
ΪңѵһɲǣһɼΪֲɢʧǰǰ󲻹һϢʱ䣡
һһãİķ䡣
ǣҲֻǼϢ㿴˴Ҫռңռ˴ӣʮ˴ʶ
Ϲһ״̬ң˵ϵѾȫˣ
ңʱңľΪϹҲһ𾪡
һǰңľ粻֮ȻڣѾ֮һ֮ڡ
ƲƶңʱΪ̶ȣ֮ǰҪǿһЩСȣȴǲһ
֪ңڼò˼죬ֻһ
ңΪս壬ֻҪϵļսܻὫΪġ
ϵܣߣȥռһˣҲƷزŹ֣۸ңүǳıӵˣңһ죬ǰҲܹŵ͹ţߡ


820 ս
˲Ȼңһ˸ոպãûйȫűƺûһ˿⡣
סһҽ˳˻þң̾ϢޱȣϧԼûлУһطںܡ
ļңΪľƺûֹͣļ󣬶죬ȥһˣ˿ĵĸĸһѵҩΪһЩ΢Ĳ
ĽʹߵˣͬеĻһҿݰ˵ľ޴ɽеķ޾ʮգԽɵ
μӴȵ߶ۼ㳡ϣɴĻϷɽһˣȻ˾ƿճ棬ʹһк˳չ˼һ·ƽ
ΡʹĲ߶Ѿ˷ɽУҪѹһͷԣĲܵߵƺ
һԲϣ֣ĲȻУü˱ˣ裬ȴҲ޿κΣŵһ֮ƵĳһҲ֮ĸһ֡
һܵĲߣܿ㵽ǰңֽѵͽԷ
ʱǿһϳƧ죬Ǵĵ𣬶ʱŵûɢסˣȻסǸ
ֻ۵Щһ£㲻ᣬӴԺ󣬷ɽ˸ǴܵĲߣʢһʱ
ܿ죬ɽɵ֮޾ϣ;У⵽˺Ĺ㱻޳ɽҵ÷ɽиֳ֣ƽϢ޳ʹ÷аʮպ󣬱㰲ȫִ
·һ½һطȽѹǿǳԣȫһıء
˴ηɽĵطھ֮һĲݣ
εĴȣΪɸѡʵǿĲߣ͵УĽ
Уңһ·ն˳ɱ˸õȥǵĻᣬ飬ȴһֱ̭ˡ
ǣȴ鵤ϵ£õһۿ֮սʸ񣬿ɹϴС
պңԼǣ˱ɱ¾ǻҪΰĳǳء
쿴ǿԼǿģֻ
պʽʼŻᣬԼľٴһ£ڡ
ңҲʱڣ취ȥԼΪʽʼȴңӰޱȵż
ǣڼܾʹ˷ԶȥѰңΪҺҪõ½ȵһͷΡ
У˲һǧţЩʵģŽɱ¾ǰʮλˣаϵʵ˿
Ҳ˱нԶССϹɵһȺʶ
⣬ЩնɱǰϹɺСиǽǰʮнϵĽǰʮı֣ҲĿڴһ·޵Уɱǰʮ
սʮ죬յľսʮպ󣬶峡ս˸ĹעħУ
Ժ壬ʥأʥйϵţԼЭᶼˡ
ȵǳʥ
ʮλʱ򣬸ȴĹսУħսħǿħıɱŵ쵼ߡ
ʱ䣬ղžǷ񲻿赲ժȡ˹ҹڣ⼸սȫԸ̣ɣмβܱ
УǿĶ֣ĪĶظ֣ͽҵڴսȡ˵ڶĳɼֱ֮֡
ڵλԱ칬ĶǣǶ֣̍츳ǿ֮ͨ塣
λǲнϵĽ⣬λǿ֣λãȶֻ˰벽Էʤ
λҲԱ칬Īϵıڤ죬˵صؾؾΪԽ˻֮ϵǿߣо
ڵλĴ壬ҵĵ﹫٣ǹѵõܡ
ܵĺҲвȷʵıҪȥожϼҡƼҡݻҡȼʥغ칬ȵȣħ
˳صõ˷ĽоҺ
õͱ´һЩʱ䣬䱻㺮ڴ֮ͣҵ˻פǵ̣ᶫ򣬾
ǣʱ򣬵жԵĴС죬ıƶʹ˳뽫ɱ
ˣֻܴУ޷ǣдӡ
ǣʱ죬Ȼһûüκ
ɣڳпһϤӰȻʿȻʿĳֱ֣Ҳûжʣŵ˲ٵƣŸ佻Ҫ佫Һȥҳǣ
죬ʱ뿪򣬼ֵʿҲ뿪Ҫúö飬ƺúвõ鷢
ɣ㿪ʼѰңӰӣΪ˻һıе˽飬ȥ˵ʦЭᣬȡʦʸ֤飬Э˵ˮƽƳ˴еƵ׵ҩһٳΪһʦ
飬ȴҪ£ûдˣ˺ܶ鷳Ҳõ˵ʦЭıӻ
֮ʼѰңŵ˼Ϊı𣬴Ƶƽ絤ҩ
ǣұǣҲûзңټңһ˿ϢûС
֮£ֻܳѰҡ
ò죬Ѱ˺ü֮һյУһսս˫ͷ
ͷ󣬵ȴ㱻ɱһһʮ߰ľŮӣΪФ棬ԳԪɹ
һȴһ龳۷ʮ꣬һȺˣЩ˶칬
ΪǶǵĵܵܣҲһһţ츳ȶǸֲ
ФɫʹǿФ档
ֺ龳ڸֱĶˣФ档
ԪɹĸָеФ棬飬֦ȴܾˡ
ڴϱ˰֮ãҲûҵңĴͣԸƷƽ絤ȥˣһ
Щʱգȴûֹͣٴζɹһξ׽٣龳ңʱǼѾ⾳۷Ĵ˰ĲΣʶҲ˿ʺڵĸ֡
֮׷ɱ̽жɹѰǴ˵еĴţѰҡٴ麣䡣
ȥ˾ݣ칤ŵ飬ɿ˵Ըϧȥʱ칤ѱǧˣһ˶ûл˵Ĺǻ칤ŵַϣ뿪ˣ


821 ĥǿ
ȥһιؾǣѾٴ½ϣȥ磬½ȴϳ˹ĵ̣ҪѣΪб˿ѣ죬ʸ
ȻŭҲʶԼСԣ㿪ʼޣڸյԱ˲ܳԵĿܱ࣬޷ܵ
ʱȥˣʱ죬Ѿ˰벽ʣʵ֮ǿնɱһ۷֣
һֿʼˣһεıԣȴõ˵һ
죬ٴμʱ򣬷ʮǰĲһ·һħ
һ֮УܵʾڵĸֵļлԾǿսѹˣɱ˶
ǣʱؾڤһ峤ڤͼλʥֳˣһ־ʥʵɱ졣
죬ʱ򣬽ʴ٣׽٣ٵɱһʥˣ˼λ֡
֮һɹʣǣոսʣޱȵʱڤֳˣһֱǿ˲ɱߵʵٴθоڿ
ңһɱģһЩǰĳһЩǴʥأǿɲһôֲڣȻǧ꣬½֣
ʱԪɹĹԪФһ֣ʥ۷Ϊ˱ڤˣҲƲͱڤƺħйϸ
ʶı̬Фһ̾ѣӦʱĻߣҴӦ죬һιҡ
һΣФһڳ̬תɲ죬ǵĻ˵ǣֻ½ϵŶѣ֮УͬѽǸϲѵԴſɲͬ⣬ǣ磬һ޵·
ҲĶ־뿪֮ФһصԪɹԪɹصؾ֮Уа꣬ʮꡣ
ʱ첢һֱؾżҲȥ½ߣնɱһЩʥصʥʥŮ뷽跨ȥһι㺮ڣȴûпΪѾʣҽʣȥ˴磬μ۵
ʱ䣬ͻƵ׼۾ʵʱ򣬶ɽڴ½ϣΪ½ϵķ򲻹ƣʵԺĵӰ죬Фһţ޾գжɹһβնĹŵ۴٣׵绯ŵۣɱʣ٣ֻڤ֮ǰŻֹ
һΣֵܿ˶ɵ۽ٵʱȴѹסҪ۸Ҫ򵽴ȥ
غФһҪȥطǴ֮еؾ֮һؾ޾֮ǰ飬ؾģ½飬ǳΧ½Χγ
ؾãȥģ֮һؾһ߾סڴؾУʵǿʥ֮ϵĴһ
峤ֻвǧ䣬ʥĸ֣ʢ˶ˣı֮У조֡ҸһЩϵĴţἰһЩʵ顣
ԭʴСؾѪһ˿Ѫңӵֻӡǡ
ʣѲ֪ȥ򣬵ǣ֮ͬУҲվǰеģ
֮УϹڵġ޺ۡطڳһöʱ֮ӣѸѿ
ؾִ꣬磬ȴʮʱȥˣʱ֮˰ɣ޺ۡ
ֻľ磬ǿѹƣҲְæԱͻʱ춯ء
ִʮ꣬лԵõھŵģǶһ޶𣬽˳㴸˼ʮһЩž뿪ؾһΣԪӴȥһؾȸһܾӵأҲȸؾ
쳬ǿȸһбܻӭǵõȸһʥŮİ⣬£ȾѪеĴ
˰֮ȻеõһĹžƺǴ˵еʼһͷͬĹž
žķ׵ٴһԼںڹ֮еĵԼĵ
УֽƥĻԼʥһʥʥ
ңԼطħˣľ߷ߵħ
һ߷зӵָʮ͡Ӱֱֻ֮֮ʱ֮Ϳռ֮
ȴˡԼɱȭķֱ֮ʱ֮ռ֮֮ɱ¾֮
ħһ죬ִħָɱ¾ϰħٴءֱڰ֮ɱ¾֮֮֮֮֮
ʮ߷ȸ廯ֵİ£ֱǷŵ˲ͬĵطľ߷ȥ˼ַ磬ߵǱȥ˸߼ĴħǱԴȥħ磬ʱħֵĴ׷ɱħȷʵȻؽУûб׷鵽
ȸ嶼ʮʱ󣬷Ů֮һ㽫֮󣬽ȸ壬ȸ壬뿪ʱףϵǼ鼫Ϊƣпһġ
ͬʱ컹ȸĲؾõһƤͼ
뿪ȸ壬ԪŰ׻ؾȥ·ʱǿǿ޳жΪʥ޼һſڣһǡ
ƴնɱ޳̫࣬޴룬ңʱдħħ޸ʵǿкü̫Ԫڱȼħޣ
ܵУʱпܱϮɱʱ⿪˾Уʼɵ۽١
޾Ĵ£ǿžʹðʱпܱ׽ɱΣգħ֮У˹ȥͬʱҲǿȺô׸ˡ
׽˲䱻౶ܿ죬޳׵ɱɻңǧħħޣȫ׺촷ۣҲ㱻ɱҿ̾ʶе޳֣һųϵĴ׻ĸ죬ǡʣмѵش׵˴֮һ֮
ͬʱġҲ˵׶Σʼ
лһʱ⣬ΪȻ˲Ű׻ؾȥ
ȻǣڿҪ׻ؾķΧ֮ʱħޣлһЩħ塣


822 ս
˶˵ֻɱħħնɱ
ǣ׻ؾ֮еħħ̫ˣҲֵģǴģġ
ǽ뱣׻һĸ߲ľסʱоȻħϢöɫ䡣
˵⣬׻һȴûлӭǣ㽫Ǻ˳ʶ׻һ巢˾ޱ䡣
Ȼ˸뿪󣬱дħħ׷ɱҲһʥ۷ħޣһս˱ˣǱӴܣԽ򣬻ص
ʱԶԶģ˱о½Ϊ𽥷ű仯طܹŹ֣һɲĸоͷ
ص򣬻صԪɹؾ֮޾䣬뿪ˣǻ񾳵ǿߣҲ޷Խɿֲϡ
ˣҪлؼҿ길׵Ըǳˡ
ʱеǿ߶Ϊ½ᷢ䣬Ҳ֪½Ƭ潫ᷢ٣ǰսһ㣬й֮޲
ӵĴۣشٽ٣ʼ
ʱ־壬ȴ޿κΣֻǼϣʵ
һΣԪӸһϢĴþ֮һþѾˣþɱ¾þ˵طȽѹ̫󣬶ңıܶ࣬۵Сݱ䣬ֻе۾߲ܽ
һ۾ֻ۵ʥȴþ
˲нΡϹɡҵٵˣβͬͶʮ˵۾ߣǸʥصʥʥŮЩ˶ҪϺܶࡣ
ʱ죬ĶѾͬˣǱҪҵһţ
þǴɱķɱЩгʥʥŮ˴þУһʱ䣬һ뿪ģҲʵǿġ
еõףһƤͼ
ľ˵۾۷֮Ҳǰ벽ʥ˵ľ磬ʱѾִ˷ĲΡ
ϣѾУ
þȴɵˣ
½ˣգֻǳصĲƬûһ˿ΪҲȻΪϢ֮ɢ
żּ߿ݹǣ·ȥ˼꣡
һΣ쳹׷ŭˣѶڴ½ϣ񣬿Ѿˣ
ʩչܾǵȴһ˿ޱȵ˷ܣԼһҪ
ͨѰɱ¾þΪ׽ȥ˴Ҫ֪׷ʲô
ɱڣܿͽУ飬ҹͨ˽Ѱɱ¾þλá
ǣһâһ޴ľŲǰѸٱСǽ
ʱĽƺʲôһ㣬мۣȱʧ˼ǡ
еϢַ֮Ϣ뵽Ǹ˴ɱսʹ֮Ĵܣܿģô½ҲǱģʱջþҲٵˡ
찵Էģˣ
ɱ֮У֮Уļ䣬صؾ
½ͻԭԭһжйأ
Χ˴ɱˣֱ֮ң˲ζ
ڰ˴ɱ񣬾еɱΪɱһɱ¾þ
˵Ҫ׵ʮ죬ɵĴְ¶֣õ͵Ϯʹ
֪ɱдм̳½޷ҵֻܽ½СҲˣΪǣҶһ٣
챩ṳ̆·߱磬нפأʮ죬һδξպɱ¾гɳ
ħս˽ҪɱѩĶܣѩ磬ѩҲϲ죡
ȴͷ˼֮УϵħٲȻѾͣƺһͷħһϤĴħ
ħսõһʼɱġħ
꣬һһ챻׷ɱܣһβħ
оһȺɢޣ׵ҩ˸м㣬óһʯҳ͸졣
һ֮£Ѱõġٴ麣ϲ仨ʱ򣬿ʼ¯پ
չ꣬غѾʥ۷ǿˣáܾ˽׵ϢԣɵʥĴ٣ûжɣһΣѾ׼׵ʥٺͻٷһɡ
Ѿѡ˶ɽٵĵص㣬Ǿ׷ɱԼ˵ĵ̡
ȻӣأֱӽһС촷ۣһ٣һʱ䣬һ꣬ں˹ףһ¥׽ܣһһ
ϢʮĴ￪ʼעˣʥ۵ȵȣĳ˸֣Ѱ㽫˵ˣ
ĴӴܰ꣬һЩʽǺܶľ綼Ѿ죬ǣսȴԽԽԶˣ˲нɱֻһ㣡
ѩδ룬ʱ֪ѩδҲֻֻ֮أһ֮ڶ죬ʥڣȻ񶥷ĸ֣սҲǾģ
ң˴˵նһĵӣ²񷡢ԯȻϹᣬˣֽ֮ͬ޵еĸ֣Ǵ˿̵죬Ҳֻɰսʤеһˣ
ϹϹ˵ǸһʣʱˣѾǻڵĸˣ
棬Ҫսһȫ֮һսˣȴΪĲ󣬱һ˻ܣ׷ɱ˼Ŷһ١
ȻУɳĸֲ׽ټ׷˼꣬һЩʱڵĽС
һʵǣٵһʼԪ
þþȫʮףõ˼Ƥͼǵõʼ͡龭
󣬽񾳣λʥ֮
գͻռ籩ߣ˺ļأ֮Ϊ֮ǧ꣬غİ£Ӽ֮ܳһʼ𾭡ɴ˶֮ٵܹһԴԴʮʼ
õ˰˲룬컯𾭡ܾԪ龭ħӰСӰֻа벿


823 
֮߳أʱӡǣйɳƣ˲һξޱȵ磬ƺѾڵǸˣһֿռ䣬ΪܵԴͷϢ֮
ǰһ澵ӣĹȥҲδֻزϣ
ֻؼ
澵ӵ֣ʮ֮һ
ʱһ֮ƣһ澵ӣʼֹ޾¹ȥ졣
ʱ򣬾ԶϹָϸ֮£һžֻؾ
ϲ֮£žֻشϣΪһ¥
ʱеĻֻ֮ؼ˲佫˻磡
ʱ磬þǧܻѾγһСǧ磬滹ûеѪ飬ҩȴǲ٣ҩ
ֲͬĻ籾ԴݣֻؼһʧֻϢ㱻Զͻԭ硣
Σְ꣬صħսʮץԼĸȫ
ʱһӰڵ޾գܻ
˵
ǵھŴɱҲԳΪ𣡡ص
ֻؾҲʸӶңŭһʱ䣬׷
ӾǸңҧҰһڿˮҲ˵ֱһȭħеĹʩչѹ£ֱһס˲佫飡
һʩչ̵ս
ʱһӰ֣һѳնֱȡԪ
쿴ҲһţʱһɿֲĿռ籩֣Ϊҽ˲仯Ѫ
ʱԶӰսһ֮£ѩδսһۣðƬ漸̮ˣ
֮󣬻۱ѩδնɱѪ˹ǽ磬ʱ︴գأȻ
һɱһΣ΢΢ɫΪ˾Ȼң£һУ
ʹսΣȾϷ磡
ȻңԪת·Ҫһ㣬˻һһӰӳ֣
һȻңǶԼļ䣬棬Ȼ˲ɱң
ң˿䱣ãԴͨ޸ҩ壬±ԭǸң
ԡܾ˵λã㵽һصС硣
ϲѣԽգʮһΧ鲼޷롣
󾪣ܵомɱԼҪǿܶϢ롣
ЩϤʱӯ
ϲŮˣѣʦţĸ
СӣöûˣлҪãһЦͷһԼĶӣһͷ
ף㣿쿴Ϊʱ򣬴һȻ͸
ʱֵʿǰСһôҲ뵽ƴҺȴΪ˾һʱɣ
𣿸ף㡭Ǻʱ𣿡󾪣̫һС
ͷ֤ţһʱȴս˭ƥУᣬ׷Сףɣ
΢΢һЦ˲䣬̾ʶе˷磬˲СߣļԴͣزĲӣ
ʱסˣܿһУֵʿأ
𣡡ֵʿһһɧƣһص
һ࣬ϲأ
ǧ֮սħϮ飬ʮħ𣬶ͲڤȻҲС
Ƕħһľ磡
ѣǳ٣ǧ缸ˣһ黯ǵѪʳ
ʱҲˣڤ޼׷һ֣Ƭ漸Ҫ
վ߸ܿ
޼սƴ˶Էĸ
һһ˶ɱ𼶸֣
׷նɱ޵м¾ħ𣬲λ𣬶Է̳ˡ
ƥն˶ԷħȻȴĶ֣ǱԷһˡ
ܾѶߣƬĹħ壡
ħ岢ûнɱǵ˷²
ǧ𾳽磬ǸʱѾû׽٣ϴ١
շ籩ͼף
ӴõġӰʮʼȫ֮󣬾Ȼ˵֮еĻ֮˲䣬Ժһƪġ羭
Դ
콫羭Բ֮Ѿо޷ٽˣƺ޷ڣԭʼĵ֮
ʱѾ˲ʥ壬ֻҪ֮ںǾͻΪ壡
еƤͼָʾ꣬ڣ˵ͼеĵط⾹ȻѪ¾ٹصһٹмľ
ǵġ֣ۡĵԣŲϼƣ
ûйֱ뾻֮Уʱ
컯

ǿڶмԥʳħԣμգ
õפأλˣѾûսˣʱħȴһϡ
ȴȻ壬մһ˲䣬ʮӰ֣Ȼ
ںϣһʮ˲仯⣬壬һ٣ħ壬λ֣죬˿壬˺ϴ컯̨Լڤڤȣս˴ħ
ԷҲħ𽣺̫ӡ
ֻ컯˰֮䣬ںеķʵĽߣһƽľ磬޽ѽ٣ʱȴѳΪ˻֮壡
ֻһգԼߵļ𱻰˴ħ˵ÿҪˣԷ˵˲
ȻʵһʩչܵˣЩԭȱǳۼƬȻԼճһ¸ԭһЩĿݹǣѪ⣬ꡣ
ħһȴƱһ㣬岻궼
Ϊ𣬽ţؽ棡һ䣬Щ²ħ޺ħ壬Ϊ촷ۣ
սʩչͨҽ˵ˣֽԼĵƳ˻磬ʱʼһ磬һԪ
ڤڤ磬͸ֻأĵһͷѰҵǵ뷨֮Ļǣ
µʱ٣𿪱ٻ磬޵У㲻ؽĤݣ
ȫ꣩
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