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1 Ψ
͸ûһ˿Ʋʣ̫ڸ߿ҫżһɽιڻɽ޾оΣ˻˷һĵϢ
룡
ڻɽͷɽµһСУԼһͳĺɽд͸°߲ӰϡɼһľݵڿԾ𣬶ý䣬һһʯϡ
ǡ
żϸ΢ʯϳһǳǳӡӡѿ΢ɼѷ졣
һסΣڴϢţĺ۵ӻ䣬˸Ĺ
ãϢƽʯϵϸ΢ѷ죬ҡͷĿʯºǼˣ˵ԵһԵõһöǧܹõѩͿܼʹ࣬һҪŬУ
Աϣ̧ͷ­Ũüµ˫糿ǣֱͦı¶ǿԸǷǼ㣬ǻһĨ޵Ļȡ
ԼĪֻʮͣòӢȴһҰԵ
ҰҾ֪һֺһ׳˶˹׳СţƵģһһ˷ܵĽ£ղһƽʯͷĳһѷ죬Ȼѷϸ΢ҲشͻƣٶºļһԳͷ
ɽҪǰϲˣǸΪҰЦЦ
ɽǷҰھӣ˴Сһ𳤴ץɽҰã»¶ɹ٣ֵܡ
ҰĵϲɽĹЦķҰļ򣬹ϳɵĵзҵӵܶҪŬ˵ʱձҶ̣һҲﵽֵزġ
ɽԾò񫣬ǰ治Զһʯ˷ܵĳ˹ȥµʯˣҰͱݸ㿴
Աϣɽ嵽ʯǰüƣ㿴ʯǸӡµѷ죬ʧеԲۣģ
Ұ΢΢һЦŷɽüŪ۵ĵһСľĳ˼ѷ죬΢ôһ㡣
һСģɽɵһЩйƲΪԽˣû뵽ֱ˦ںˣ湻ƴģ
Ψ磬ƴôУҰп
ΪĴ½ɣ޾û֪жôޡ
ÿһ½϶޾壬ǿʳѪ洦ɼǿ߶ͿǧҷʵֻǿҪɫ£ϱ̤
ÿ춼Ѫȵϴ쳣뺷֮ʢСҲзǳȷĻ֣ӵ͵Ϊͽߡʦ佫ڡʥÿһַΪڡڡڡԲĸײ㡣
ΨĴ󻷾£޾塢䡢ɡ̻֯㽻֯ķֲÿһ䡣
Сֻǿ棬Ϧ
Щ۸ӵҲɭϵĵȼ֣ǵͼ޾Ÿǿ棬ֲÿһƬطϻи߼׿ԽԼϵĴ˵
Ұķңλ½Ͻǣһǧ໧ڻɽеĻͷɽϣڽײĵͼСһڸ߼һڣÿ궼Ҫһڽ㹻ٺ»ܻñӻѵš
Ϊ˸õĻȥҰͬһ𣬴СͿʼǣͨܡԾɳȷǿѪǣ֫
ǵĽ׶ξͽ׶Σ⣬ǣƤĤԲʱȫһȵеУһߡ
Ұ˶ǴڶǵͽڣȵǶĳ̶ȣͿɵĿʯ
ֽɽˣɽ˷Ұĳ˼
Ұüͷ΢壬ţѩĲˣѰҩЧ󣬵춼ûʲôջ񣬽ȥɽѰҩˣ緹ûԣϣܹƽ
ɽķҰļ򣬰οİɷҰһĵһ֣ҲŽǰ֮У϶ģСõҲһ῵ģ
Ұͷа̾˿
׻С÷ѩʱ̥Сûδ˲лңÿĲͬʱ䣬Сöŵʹ࣬ʱ絶ʱǣʱޱȣʱѵʱƱֽ꣬Ȼͬļʹཻϣ൱ÿ춼ؼ̵Ŀ̣
ĸҲҽ꣬СѾʮ꣬ⶼǸƴѰҩѹƵĽ
Сõÿ£ЩҽһΪֻ֧ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ҵ˵еľת񵤣Ҳ޼£
Ҳ˵Сֻʣ
Ұʱ޿̲Сõ缲κãֻǣ̸ף
˵䣬ԶһӵĽŲһ׳꿸ŸҰ¹󲽶󻹸ͷĿĸ࣬ҰáɽȻǸմɽԻ
ɽĵ·ҰǷ˵Ѿﵽͽڣ似ţ߰ɣһʶ
ǰʵְ񣬷Ұĸ׷Ƿһеĵһ֣峤֮λڷѩԭ򣬷壬ܼܲ峤֮λֵĸ׷峤
ײмʼΪвĵλʴѹʹҵĹϵǳӣС֮Ҳ˴˿˳ۣìԽԽ
Ұ΢Уңңͷһķɽļ򣬴ݵתȥμϵĻû±£Ҫ̡
Ұϳ˲мЦߺⲻǷҰôûҵĲӰ˷ôԴȴͨ˶Ȳϣ治һķﰡ
ǣϵԴռ˼һСˣ˷ѰҲ峰Ц
ҰˢһתںȼŷŭĻ棬Ұʮϲ׺ݣ΢΢ƴ͸һɲһеķһͷ˶ɵҰޡ
ҰȻֹǱס˲ƵģɫĽе㣬ʲô
ҰĿֱӹˣֱ˷ϣĵͷŸɾ㣡ѩʹõҩǼҸðΣɽãκμеԴڼ壡㷽˽Ųüеҩ壬ҵ˶ʲôʸУ
ЩѩʹõҩȫǷҰĸһЩ̺ĵطɼġ
ȴܾЩҩڼԴӦý峤ƹܣΪѩȥԼԴһֱģҲ磬ֻǰҰ
ۣ֮
ԷҰ˵˾ۣκ裬ҲУ
˾Ҫҧ˾ҪҧҧԼ蹷
η輰˷ѩõ÷Ұŭв˿档
Ұ˵ŲüԴ϶ȻһŵҰ¹صһӣ˫ֻգʮָؽڲλ죬Цκη֮˵õԴӦڼУôԴҷҿǷ͸ˣ
죡ҰһȻҰƵĴ˳ȥָճȭһɼٵȭ磬ŷŴ˹ȥ
ϵһ仰±£޿̣̣


2 Ĺ
ҽ첻УЦĻڷҰȭͷϡ
ҰֱоȫǴ޻ϣ˷ϣȴһ޴֮СţȭཻһȻţڰֱ۴ҰӴ˸ģˤڵϣѪڡ
ƵĳŷҰ˹ָƵĵ֮Ĳ࣡
ͽڴΪգôͽڶƤĤᣡ
࣡
Ұͫ΢΢һⷽԼһֶ꣬˲ҩ̲ٶȻԼ˲٣ϰ似ţһ־ͳ˸
סκ󣬷Ұ߸Ծȭգճŷٴδһȭ
ӴҾʹмȭͷ𣬴һɳ۵ƣŷҰ˹ȥ
˵ȭͷһʱ򣬷ҰϺɫһұȻ΢̧뷽ȭͷڷ㵵ĿУҰؿӲĳ˷һȭ߹Ƕϸ΢Ŀ۵һһѪ
ô˻ᣬҰѹľ޴ص˵ڵأұİס˫ۣȭĴڷϡ
ŭϥײҰĺ󱳣ײ÷ҰһѪڡҰĺݾҲˣͲܷĻȭ磬ܿͽıס
ʱŷӦ׿еͳŷҰ˹ȥûͱɽס˫һߡ
һ˫ֳŵأһҰƵһߣ׳ͷ˫ĿѪ죬ɫĳҰҪɱ㣡
ס֣һۻıһߴ꺺ӳڲԶϿһͷ˶ĶǻĿɨڷҰͷϡ
ӰȻֹҰƴҲվñֱ뷽ɽ˲ԼͬתͷȥȺ󺰵塣
ǷҵרŸӵܴķսɡָʶԶȵȣ쳣ʹ÷ҵӵܶЩη
гϢ˰Ҫ򣬾ºϴ˽䶷֣ҪǶҵ棬ȥĹȲժһԪݽҩãĿ絶һڶϡ
ĹȣҰɫ΢䣬Ѫ˫ĿҲһĨη壬ɽ˿Ƕ˵Ŀгͬ顣
Ĺȣǻͷɽ󷽵һȣлþʱɽ𺣣ʱ׹ʱѪɽֱӰ֮꣬У䲻ΣȴҲܽĥľ
ԪĹеһҩݣй̱ԪЧķ֮˶ҪժһԪݲ㽫дĹȳˣȫĹȼɵ֣̤ȥ
СǿǺ飬ԼԵϽģֻҪֳ̫飬гһҲһֻ۱һֻֻۡǷܽϣֻҪ˽³ֻһǾǵĹһ⡣
ֵܣСģɽķҰļЩǡ
Ȼ㲻Ǿӭͷϣ
ģҰ΢΢˵ͷܸɴתֲȥǵѪͷɽĹȡ
ĿɭŷҰıӰһһԲĸȥ
ͷɽ󷽣һб·չԶƣĹȡ
˵ںܾǰͷɽ󷽵ɽһģųͻɽΡ׳ڻɽһ֧
һգ飬⽵һҫ۵âͻɽնΪ롣ҲǰѰȫһڻþǿղ֮ݻγ˺Ĺȡ
վĹڴҰҵĿһ󣬽һѪ˳ǲĳ鴤¡ղ뷽ȻͷǶƤˣԼܵ˸أ߹ǿѣǰȫۡ
վڷҰ⣬콻ӣа޲ѡûô棡
˵ĻǷҰǶӵľ
Ұ˿ɫķһ̤ĹС
սĹ֮ʱ粢ûʲôȻһĵϢҰ߳Լаɵʱǰ龰Ȼ˱仯ɽаѩ׶⣬ѩ׷ɡ
Ұ˸ֱоǣܿ죬ĺڷŨüȫ˱˪ȫǱƵġ
ɽȴѩ׷ɣĿȥҰܹʮԶͷȻȿڡ
ѩУʮɿһǳһŵǰţƤĿȻž޴ʹࡣ
ҰаԾ裬ǰвٲܳȻһ䣬ѩȻɽеİɫɭɭ׹ŨѪгõʬ䶯ŨȳϢ˱Ƕ׹ޱߵ֮С
ҰһڣŻ³æסϢָϢȻ֮ȥƺ֮УҪŻȴ²쳣ܣΨǿѹͷ񣬼ǰ
ȻҰһǰʮɵѪУһѪɫһѪɫʯϣ״ƻ棬ΧѪɫΪһ壬֡
ԪݣҰϲѿڶԪݼȥ̤ܳ仯ȼյĻ棬ȵҽʣʯͷ϶һڣյƤĵۡ
̧ȥͼԪѪɫʯѾΪһһңҽзݣɢһɴ̱ǵζ
ҰǱȼˣһŻӹ֫ٺȼգ˹յž죬ʹѵ
Ұƫľԣ벻ԻþлĸܾȻֱʹ꣡
Ұ˫ĿԲҧأ̤ŷڵҽԪݱȥ
ּץסԪݵʱ۽⿴ڲ󷽸߸Ծ𣬳Ȼײ
Ұڷ侪ңȲֻͣգסۣס󱳣һŤҪ˦ȥϣδü˦͸еһȻ˫ִײ˳ȥ˫۶۶ϡ
ҰվһϧûˣͷΪ޼һˤȥıȻǷ
һѽԪƵĳɽ˳ȥңңһֻԪݵ֣Ұܰɣҿɲˣ
ҰĿ࣬ڷŷû¶֣û뵽ĹôɵõԪݾӵӰ٣һ̶Ĺȶ
̸÷ҰعĿȥһԪǰʮһʯҡҷԣҰǿʹ࣬Ԫݸȥ
ͻȻҰһգ¼׹вɵþ


3 С
ڰգϷХҰ˲Լ׹˵¶֮УǰѸٱû谵ȫ֪ⶴжԼɫʯڶ⣬޴ӽо
ŷҰĽ䣬ܳ˲Ϣ䣬ǰһӻǻ磬һӾͼ±ϲ˵潣âֱ׵󣬱ĹеĻþǿֹ
Ұ˲ϢĳͷĿѣǿеķ˫۳Χץץ߰˴Σֲһͺʯ
ҰͷԶֵ΢֮ʯڣһ˲䣬־ͼֲסٴ·׹䡣
Ұæ֣ץסһ͹Ĺʯ˫ֻãõ׹֮ƻԼӦһ䳱ʪϢӿ
һĹ򣬷Ұ˫źһ䣬һȻˮС
ˮ溮̹ǣҰʱ˸飬еķʧ룬˲ĳȻͣһƬֲָˮ
ҰԼӻþ˳δӦ͸еˮһȻӿӴˮ¸Ұа⣬ǵ°ӣ
ҰһǺ˼ںˮȴ޷صװ⣬ӲܿƵŰΨס㡣
ˮ°ŷҰڵص׵ײײڷҰÿҪιȥʱǰһĨ΢Ļɫ⻪ƹһĨ⣬⽥ǿƹֹ⻪˸ӳճһߴСĶѨ
ڴ֮ʣҰֻӰҲ˲öΣգ˳Űӿķʹȫˮ֮ƳǷѨ֮С
ѨխһˣıڹʯᾣҰ붴УһȻˮѹѨȪƵģȥһ·ײײֱˤ߻ء
ѨѨʱʱխۣڷҰƵüȥʱˮѹһᣬҰԴˮð˳ְסʯڴϢѡ
ϢƬ̣Ұƣˮڱ䳱ʪʯϣֱо˿ĵۡ
ѣŻָЩͶˮһڣ˸ղŵգЦȥİӣүүŶûУ
ҰֵķйһֽšɣŽŽ˸΢ɫ⻪ܻ
һɷԲʯߣǿӿݵľ޴ʯ·谵ĶѨʱˮһʯϻи˸ߵĶڣб·֪ͨδ
Ұת΢΢ʯһݣһཻ΢žͷųһȦȦƹΣ΢ԴͷǹɢĹ⻪̫΢ִڷҰʹտʼδע⵽
Ұɵ֣ǹţپһŻһˮû뵽֮С
Ұʧɫһæ˦ֱ֪ۡǹ˸һ㣬ô˦ǹеٶȶ˿һӶµķģСԼдСһ㣬طǷ
Ұĸ£ȻƤʸУδӦκ쳣ֻӡȴô
ʲôӡҲ̫˰ɣҰһž;ķ֣ӡһʧˡ
Ұ¶һĨϲɫ֣ʱӡֳġ
ͦģǲ֪ʲôãŪооҰǷӡֳֻĵӡԽԽˢһ´ĸֳһŹΡ
ϸȥ뵵ĹһССǽ񣬷ľʯӶ¡
ԲǣʵɽľϷ˿ϷĸŸɵİԲӣӡǳ׵󣬹ŶһССһʽ֡뵵ƶɫ⻪֣鶯쳣
Ұ΢£סϵĶ֣֮£ȴδƿǶǡҰϸֳһĨ죬ǿȻôʼ˿붦һƵġ
ҰµĿСץס㣬ץסǰ֣¡𡣰֮һ΢֨ѽƿһ΢ɼķ϶Լһ޵ӶڴƢ
Ұ£ٸлë׶˿ϵײ˲֮һת۾ͽ䣬ȫһ˿˺ۣǰ΢˼£ܴ߹ǴҲоκʹ
ˣѵоҩɣҰָ߹ǣ㶵СѸӿֳһĨϲ֮ɫһ˿ЧǶбļֵ붼Ķ
֮ʣҰ뵽С÷ѩһƾ˵ҲܹСõĹֲ
Ұɾʮӣ˳ƿָ״Сķ϶ۿȥ뵣Լģ֮ԶŴһֲϵϢڵȴ޷澿Ǻ
ҰСʹʶӣ̰ĺСݳֱо̩ͨӶӯࡣ
˰죬Ŷ֧ţҰҲеƣɣžһ¸ˡ
ţСٴλˮķû뷽ҰУ¸Ķͷӡǡ
ҰƣһƨɶҲ޷Сְֺ޵Ŀӡǣһּɽȴ᲻ߵĸоֵĵģʲôζĥ𣿡
Ұ߷ߵһƨµĹʯϣһʯͷȻѳ飬ͨͨ׹ˮ֮С
Ұæһߣűܹ׹ˮ֮пϲޱȣ״ΣʯĿʯˬ
ʯŵصӵĳˢһʯӲֹʯ׵飬Դﵽ˿ʯĵز
˵δܽСеıŪҰҲеãͬʱСеĶӺˡ
ղһԣҰҲĥŵܷ򿪶ǣΪйأҪ򿪶ǣҪߵΪС
ҰĵǺܿԼҲֻܲҪץʱˣĿǰԽõСڵĶСþԽİѲħҲСù찲ӡ
Ұһµñϲãתһ룬ⱦﻹԽ֪Խãй¶˳ȥĻȥܻ˴
ҰջǾ£ǶбܹκСõĲҲҪС÷£ܱ¶С
ҰСûȥ˿ʱİѨֿ˿һʯϵǶѨСϵĶѨУҲδΣգ߹հ֮󣬴Ĺиĵط˳
˵Ҳ֣ԴӷҰ֮ĹеĻþͱޣ޷Ӱ죬Ұ׵ľͲժԪݣĹ˳
ߵϦ£Ӱĺóó
Ұ뿪ĹȣɽһᲱӴ¸Ѯӣ಼µǿ绢ǷϹһ˿οЦݣŷҰӰ΢΢˿Сӣô˲ųˣȥٺúʰ


4 ̫
Ϧ£ϼ죬ͷķҰڻͷɽϵһӵĸ¥⣬΢΢ƵϿŹ׾ġҩá֣һ˿ҩ뵶
ǷҵҩãҪǸ𷽼ҵҩӸҩһóͬĵҩ
˵ҩţǿƷʦƸƷҩҲǳٰܶࡣ
˵ⷽڷҵĵλɸߵף϶Ϳġ
ҪΪʦҪмߵ츳һҪôĲ֮ʱвͻʹһ¯ĵҩױϣһСС
ЩҪʦָ漰ķ̫࣬򡢿ֲϵıַȵȣκη˲ᵼʧܣе֣ûʦָɹļҲ΢΢
ֻǻɽв۵һСʦҲЩ츳ʦָ㣬ͿõļͨԼһľһƷҩ϶ܳɹƷҩĻΣҲܳɹһΡ
ҲʹõҩڷҸİ󣬲Ǳرͻģֲ
ҰͰ͵ߵҩõĴţľ֨ѽһˣһӯŮſ¶ͷԼĪʮͣݽɫȹµ΢΢˼
ҰǱŮ΢΢üͷһ˿񣬿֮õһߣĵĵǷҰͷ飬ѾˣԪݴ˰ɣ
ŮзģǷŵŮСҩóѾƳһҩ˵ܹɹƳһƷҩȴҲȥԶˡ
ټСҩϣͽڣҲʹ÷ĸһӵУܹС
ҰҲ˽⣬һʶЦˣҪ鷳õǼ¡
˭ã׽ŭһ̶ֲмժԪǷڼʱǰѾˣ˷ôõʱ䣬ŪôǱ涪ˣ
Ұ˿ңϵɫմˮ֮Ͱ͵ģмطĥƣ쳣Ǳֻһ
÷ĵĳŪҰĵĵ㶼Ҫܣѵ㲻뵱ã뵱ţȱһѣ䣬㻹ǻȥɡ
㣬޳ܣɫ࣬һҧĸ֨죬սȭҪҰ֡
ҰͣסŲƴĵô붯ˣ˽ִһȥĹȡ
뵽ĹȵĿ£Ҳһ˿ɵŭߵԪ£˹
Ұ̲ĵĹ涨Ͻκһֲ϶Ҫ¼ڰ㷽СǼ֮Ȼ뿪
ĿԲ΢ĵظŭѵһ̰ͼԪݲɣ
Ұʼ磬Цҿûô˵
ŭ鰸󷽣ëʣŷҰԪ
ҰӻͳԪݣ΢Ա£СԪݷϡ
ü΢궼£
ҰϾĽһԪݷڻУĵˣֻҪϽһԪݾͿԡڼԼժݣڸУѡ壬ҲѡԼʹãǸԪԼʹá
ĵֲᴿԪݵҩԣûȥʲôã
Ұбһۣ⣬ˣôôãܵ𣿡
ĴҴд̧꣬ߵΪ˷ѩѾͷɣ˶Ѿ;ƿݵĵزŹ궼ѣûҪ˷Դˡ
˵꣬ҰȻ˫ְ鰸ϣӾ뷽ĵߣŨüµ˫˸ΣյĹһͷ˶ɵޣĵҪΪŮҾͲҶ㣬˵ѩĻұ֤ͷ
ϢһͣͷѣҰǹѹ˵
Ұ˵꣬Ҳɫתͷȥ
ȵҰתͷȥĲųһԼȷҰΪ࣬ʹ˶㣬аղѡ
׷ȥҰһԳҰԵӴԺи˳ʱڵһʱȥ׷عҰʧӰ١
ҰڻͷɽȥԽһС֣ǰһһµԺǰľդɫ˲֪ɫСһСӰվԺĴ
ý˲ſ壬ǸʮСŮͷ΢΢ƣݹᾣһܴӣ˫Ŀûһ˿ԣŽż⳯ŷҰʾ⡣
Ұæܵߣַס۵ĵѩôӼˣ
ѩ¶һ˿ĵЦݣΪǻҰСһĨ磬ҾվſڣµģһɽΣ˸Ұûһ⣬ˣ
˼㣬˵仰۵ֱ
ҰŷѩصУﴫ㣬иеһҵܰ
СҰ˰˶׼ˣԷɡһ͵һʮҵŮӴ˳ǷҰĸף
ҰЦ
һŷҰô£·ôˣ
Ұͷ˿Щõ·ûʲô·ˤһӡ
æǰϸһ飬Ұδˣ΢΢˿ֵ˵㷽ҰĶͷֵ㶼ôˣӻôҰ·۾ûˤˣǿϧ·
߽УͼһķϰʢȣŸǿѮӣǷ˫Ŀ΢ݣĿĶŷҰǷҰĸף
ҰܵĸоЩɵӣСĵһˡ
ɡջĿ⣬鵭Ȼ
Ұ˿ն룬ӻûȥĵˣ
ҰһӽڰУһͷ۾תô͡
εҡҡͷѩҲͣס꣬ӽŷ𷣷Ұ
ưڷҰ£Ұ͸еһůӿԼܴ߹ǴҰ΢ϵ˽ĺ˵ĵطһֲ
ƣӿֳһĨϲɫѿڵ֣Ѿӽͽڣѹ˷һȴδˣ˵ˣҲƭȥˣСӻѧ׾ˣ׼ºһ˰ɣ
Ұ£뵽¹СֻøЦҲǲǰŴﵽͽڵġ
Ŀ̿࣬ҶУⶼŬĽҲǫ顣΢΢ס
ҰԺЦѣϸҪõ׵Ŀ佱ɲô׵顣
ŷҰĿⶸȻ췢飬Ѿ˽ˡ
˵˶٣ҰһͻŰѵͷʹǷ
ɵĲ̫ˣ
ҰȻ̧ͷŵŷ΢ŵ촽ϻմŷûƵġ
оտտŷҰ׻׻̵´飬Һݺݵᣡһζã˶ᵱۼ˺۸䱾۸ǡҪ볹׽鷳ҪֶΣҲ£õģֻҪֳȶû£أ
ϣҰֱͦӦŷѩüŪۣѩҲƶǶĵСԴ
ô̺ӵġֵİ˷һۡ
ɫҪȥĴɲУԵʴȣǶԼ̡
Ұ͵һţӻóһԪݣЦˣҽĹвԪݣϽҩһ꣬ʣһ꣬ǡÿԸѩӡ
ɫЩʾԪݣͷԪݣѩܼࡣ
ѩСĵ⼸оöˣҩǸðɣºˣôŬҪҩܳͷصġ
ҰмͷڣĵѩͰðɣ㿴ҳô⣬׳ʵأҪҩҲܰǶſ£
̾˿ֵûãǸܿˣرѩӳ𣬾δһӡ
ѩգĴ۾Ҹоںܺðң谮ңҳúܺܿ˼Һ֪㣡ֻӵеģûеġ
ҰͬʱһĿ⸴ӵŷѩĬȻ
󣬷ŷҰӼﱳǰһˡ


5 ǧҶ
¸¹䣬磬Լ޵Х
ҰŸɻϡСУ͸뵵»վһŨܴ£߲Ӱںһ
Ϊ£Ұʵҹľס
תֱŷҰСõСͲãôҲժҩˣ޷Ϊṩõϣܹ⡣
ҰæˣѩСʹ֮УҺ޲棡ҩѩãģõĻе΢һֵ壡˵ˣұȱ˶µ򣬾ͬ˲
ô룬ο΢΢ףͲóУ΢һͲٶԣתƻΪжսǿʲô
ҰһʵԼ似
ͷҪıʵǿУǶ÷׳似ҲܻΪ棬ӳʵٶȵĿ빦ĺûйأͬĹ似ҲŲͬļӳЧ似߷սֶΡ
似Ļֱ׼ͬӵ͵߷ֱΪء졢ʥײ㣬ÿһַΪиԽ߼似Խ࣬ΪҲֻ׸߼似˵û̫ƣֻǺõĹһ㶼ڸ֮У˺ѵõ
Է佫ڵΪʥ似ʸûУ÷Ұ࣬뵽似Ҳֻǵؽ׸߼ָ似ûУ˵߼ʥ׺ˡ
ȵҰЩϢֵΪ֮ʱſԽѡȡʺԼĹһʱҪǡ似һҪͽڲſؽ似ڼУ似඼ڼ
˵˶٣ЦѾͽڵıԵǿȱͽڵҲҪһ似ӦÿͻƵͽڡ
ҰŨü΢Ӵ췽似ţ߹Ǵϣ÷Ұ似ʮﵽͽڲſ似û뵽ϵƸ
Цϰںϵ似ܷӳսƫԺľԣҪģǷ׸߼似ǧҶ֡
Ұ΢΢һڸտʼ似ʱ򣬶Ǵӷ׳ʼ벻ϵֱӽ׸߼似
ǿ˷Ұǣ͵ͽƤĤͽֻһǧҶΪдգǳʺڵڵ״̬ǧҶֵӦò¾ͿԽ뵽ͽڡ޷ﵽ˵ԲʱȻٴ㷲׳似
Ұص˵ͷӵרעˡ
ŵϣԸ
ҰԽڵϡ
΢΢һЦԱǿϣƮȴǿúϱĵľ£ƬҶӳ¹⻩Ʈ
Ծ˫ִ󲻶һƬƬ̵ҶӾ֮֮У֮ʱҶ֮УһƬҶء
ù򣡡Ұѿ޵
еҶ֮У٩٩̸Ʒ־ʽÿһʽоֱ仯ÿһֱ仯ֿ⻯Ϊʽ޾ڷ似ҲǶ似ʩչƻǧ򣬹ʱ޿ײ룬ʱˮǿҿҵĶμסʽƣϤеı仯
Աϣ˵վڳУ沽ߣ˫չʱȭʱƣʱצʱ񴩻趯ķ
ҰȫעĿŷĶȵһǧҶִʱ򣬷ҰȻ۾ԺлطŷÿһƬ֮Щȷ
Ұı飬һԲĽƷִһ飬ķٶȣƷ꣬Ұٴα˫ۣ˺һ˫ۣ࣬ȴЩɡ
ҲǧҶٴʾһ飬ηҰĿβ˫ĿһƬ˵վԭأĶȻ쳣裬ȴʽǧҶһʽĴ˳
ϲаСӺøߵԣ
ҴôҰЩڴŷ
΢ЦŵͷһǧҶ־ز˵ҲѵˣֻЩĲλҪЭȫ˫۶Ҫ벽ͬעЩ仯
˵ʾţҰĶһһҰһһϤǧҶֵ·ʱͻӺꡣ
ȵʱ򣬷ҰѾԺĽһǧҶִֻǻȱЩ仯
ԿͺһһԱߵĴϣҶ䡣
ҰŲߣ˫չҶµĹ켣任ΣЩæҵĸоȵҶֹͣҰ˫ָץƬҶ
Ұ˿еҶӣֿ˿ϵҶӣɫ΢΢ЩΡ
ָҪסƬҶӣ˳ȻͺˡǧҶ־Ҳû˻ᣬСһϾֵزҶǾ޽еģûҪ̫鵽ƬҶӡ
Ұͷֻ֪Ҿһܹĸã
οĵԼϸҪ󣬷ǳǧҶֹ󾳽磬ֱΪҶ׷ɡǧҶ衢ƬҶԽԽѣһҪٴνɽһˣҪ졣ӽԺҶϣһʱܹﵽҶ׷ɵľ硣
ҰüҪɽҪôã
ͷɽκҲֻ֧ѩ߰죬ΧҩѾɼˣҵȥɽ
ҰɵĹвԪ˵̫ˣӦûһЩģǲҪȥɽðˣԽɽԽΣա
ЦĹȻ̫˽⣬ΪԽߵˣĹܵӰԽءǰһΣ˵Ԫݣȴ߻ħѩδСδᣬϵãɲ׶ĹȣɽȫһЩ
ԭҰ˵ͷΪǳĹȶҵӰ첻̫󣬸ҲȥĹҿջ񡣡
һҲãжҪڵֻҲҪСģҹʱ֣ʱ䲻ˣɡ
ϤһͻȥϢҰӦһƣٴǧҶ֡
εתȥֻʣ·Ұھ۾Ʒ


6 Ź
ϰһǧҶ֣ҰƣؼУˮȥһĳڴϳ˯ȥ
˯УҰ˸㱵ΣεԼһඥΡ޶ǰɽľ棬ǿǳ׵磬ҰԺһⲻǰڵС
ͷδתǰȻһգ޶ʧҰһĿռУԶɫһƵͷɫ޾زã
ţƬضʼתԽԽʣ㱼޷죬ŭХܲ䱳ɽβ׺
ƻãǻصԶţҰδعʵĹ˲ǰֻʣһƬޱ޼ʵ״Ļ磬һɫл𲻶
Ұʶĳɫ֣ǹವһû뷽Ұģųһ䣬ҰͳһԲɫռ֮Уտļţֻɫ⻪ת
Ȼһâһתɫ⻪˲ҰüģҰһԺгһ棬һݵɫӰһֺܹŹֵգһƣ·̺
Ұ˫ĿģŹӰƾ͵ضܿͽҵĿ֮
˿˿͸ڷҰϣҰƤ΢˼£˸ֱоˬǰδеı
Ұ΢΢һǽ뵽һȫµУϼϸ΢ĸ۵ףϾҲ׷ֱиֻݵϢ·һҹ֮øӾˡ
ô£Ұһ㵣ȻǸֶʵξԺٴθֳǸյĹŹƣܵĸоĵСйء
ҰͷϲɫѧԺǸڴϾ͵˰죬޷ǸƣƿƽĳЩϸ΢ȴܴﵽļޣʵи޷ģ
ѵֻнɣҰֹһ
һ˳ԹͣɽҰҲ̤ųɽȥ
Ƿӵϰĵطʯĥ̡ͭȶߣɹӵɶ
ÿ绹רŽΣ漰棬ͨ֡½ֲ޵ϰصԼҩ𣬵ȵȡ
öӵѿţԼѡȥ߲ȥ
ҵӵܶǴСһЩʶԵĶģټϸ񣬽ڼ䲻κ˶в˶ȥã߽ɽԣԼҵطҲɡ
˳ɽСҰܿһµԺ⣬Ժ¥һ壬ɷдšá֣Щơ
߽Ժ䣬ͿԺиһЩʯͭһи޴ʯ̨ʯ̨ǰٸʯʣӵá
ʱʱ䣬ѾһЩ̿ӵڴٶ似һľ
Ұ˶ɫŹֵĿ÷ҰеĪ
˵ûУ췽ҰһܣʱͷⷽҰֻͦݵġ
Ҳ˷Ǳӣ׵ģѾͽڣѧ˿ţȴôңⷽҰ״̬ǲѵҲﵽͽ𣿡
ǾͲ֪ˣ˵ǷҰûдﵽͽڣȫƾһӺݾ˻ˣŻԿġǴҵʱǡñǽĹһ⣬ܿͳˣɷҰȴǺܾ֮ų״̬װġ
Ĺȣ˶ɵɫ΢䣬ŪŷҰ
Щ˵СɷҰȴһֲУЩ˵
κεطⲻ˵̵ˣҰһʶһߵһͭ󶦸ǰںüƣ˫ץס붦ȣˢһ¾͸߾ٹᣡ
Ұ΢΢£ͭٽأƽѾȫҲֻܾٵؿڣƽõġ벻ôɵľ;һָоٽﲢļ
ڶһЩӵҲлƣȵĿŷҰקһղǸֻˣӣ㲻˵𣿡
ǸӵŷҰ֮ɫ
Ұģɽ֪ʱˣվһΪҰƽкá
ҰһͭһƬŷɽЦͷ
ɽŷҰļ򣬳Ц쿴ѪˣһΪˣĹȿڵģѵˣʵЩ㡣͵ӣûˣˣǷˡ
ҰЦ˲أһϾͻָˣõġ
ɽɷĵˬͿ˳ˣԼ峤ĶӣģǸͷӣǴģ
ҰĵģͻȻ˶ɫŹֵĿſڣҰŤͷȥſ˽ϻЩδɢĿĿŷҰˡ
ҰȻ֮ӣĿ
һߵҰǰҵţУ
ҰЦҲ˵ҴУòͷĲҡȻĻҺڴٴΰҴС
ӿ뵽õĹأǿסŭŤͷһߡ
ֻĵⷽѾüûˣ˵ôԭսˡ
˵϶гͻԿڴˣ´ηҰ鷳ඡ
ɽѷҰСĵǼһﲻǡ
Ұ΢΢˵ͷ
ʱƣҵӵ½½ĵԼнˣʮ߰꣬Сֻ߰꣬۵С϶˳
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ߴķӸ¥ĿɨһȦԾʯ̨ʯϣԴޣṩܳӵʹã¾иĺûᣬ¾һεļˣеѾ֪ˣԵǰԵõһöɷŴʦƵһƷԵһǿԵõһöǧ
кȻը˹ÿ˵ж˸ϣĹ󣬲˶˷ܵվ
ҪΪߣҪڵУֻ۳Уܹеĸʡ
ʧܣͻھɣһڶ޷ٴγ߾磬ʧܴԽ࣬ͻᱻԽԽԶװ˷˴ʱ䡣
԰ٷ֮ٵ۳УһٳΪߣ
οǧǧƳĵҩٶƷϣŴʦ޷ƣǰεϿûöã֪߲㵽׷ʲô裬˳
ʴˣ˵ºǰһƷοǧʱ˶޷ˣĦȭƣԾԾԡ
Ца룺ߣҵѾ˵ϣóǧΪ׼ģôܻ˱ˣ
ֹ˵֣ӵĵԵ飬еӾˣҪõʱͼӽڴҰһЩɡ
һڣȻֹͣһ仰곤궼̲סƲƲ죬ÿǲֹһˣģֻǷȻвΪȻȴ˵
Щ߰С˷ܣϸϸš
£ʼϸ⣬ϷΧǷޣϲͬ޸ôЩ綾Щȵȡ
͵Ϊֹɻɣһ飬ֱ뿪á
ڶӵеľ͵ض壬еıеֱ뿪
ɽķҰļƲˣȫظģڼλҿԺҲûҪˡ
ҰΪȻĵ˵ͷЩ콲ĶǶģҲ˷ʱ䣬ȥǧҶ֡
ɽҪöҰȥ˷ʱ䣬ɽ˸кͷصǰСС


7 Ҷ׷
Ǹ£û͵ҰҲشֱӶСС
Ұ˵վڰ߲ӰУչ˫ۣȻһȣԺгһŹֵͼɫ˿صĹ켣ţ·ǴУһƮ鶯ĸо
ɫ˿رã÷ҰһֺϤĸоһʱ֮ȴδ˼䣬ǲϱõɫ˿߻ʧ
ҰԺһбһ貵Ĺâɫ˿ߵй켣񲻾ǧҶֵй켣
ֻɫ˿ߵй켣ǧҶֵй켣ӵļһЩϸ΢طǶǣһʱ֮ûϳ
ǹŹƵĺôѾᣬԺֳع켣Ұֱ򵥡
Ұ΢ɫ˿ٴγԺ˵ֻǼ˿ߣȴ·̺˴еĹ켣㱼䣬Ұǧ裬޾Ҷ׷ɣ£ȴĳֹڣϸٿֱǼ˿ߣнֱʧ
򡭡Ұ򣬲˵վڳУǼ˿еĹ켣ǧҶʩչ˳
һ֣ҰͷǧҶԵı仯Ȼپʽȴʱɱ仯ǧʽ뷽̵ǧҶǶǣӷӵı仯
һǧҶִ꣬ҰһֺĸоѾȫǧҶֵľ裡
ڹпݻĹ켣ڵǧҶֿ±һĵؽ似Ҫǿö࣬治֪СʲôáҰ˷ܵ㵸
ԱŨܵĴҰһԣ͵һϣƬҶӻҰƵĶָƬƬ̵Ҷ֮УҶأѾ˱һ㡣
һƬҶ׷ɣҰеҶϲ
Ҷ׹Ĺ켣׽ģڴﵽҶ׷ɵľ綼ǼߵҪˣ벻һʹﵽˣ֪֪֮ɫôʣ
˵ǧҶֵľ裬ҰȴףǧҶֵ仯ҪݻϤ
СָһͨҲҪһһȥУһ죡
ϡСУҰʱ羪ӰʱѵˮԽԽƮݣ߲Ӱڳһ鶯Ļ档
緹ʱ΢ͣ˻Ұһ춼СǧҶ֣ԽԽƮݣǧҶֵı仯ҲԽԽ졣
ȵϦµʱһ׷ӵǧҶʩչˮһ㣬ǧٱƵģɵڷҵҶƬҶӡ
Ǹװ˺üΣïʢĴҲϡϡҶѵ䣬ʣ¹ͺͺ֦⡣
磬ҺؼҳԷѩվֱ߳ŷҰ֡
ҰæչŷѾ˻ƻʱ֣Ķʱ䣬ȻҪѩɵðһ
Ұ첽ѩߣüѩ֢ûз
ѩգĴ۾ĵûأµģҩѹţǷҲۡ
Ұɵøеһᣬ˵ҩѹŷѩĲ֢ÿη᲻ʹǼÿβ֢÷ѩ۵Ļȥ
ѩȴǳ£ÿζ߼ˣҲۡ
߰ɣǻؼҡҰǣŷѩСȥ
ѩȻһһӹɸ˴ϺҵĲţƤҧĿ죬Ұ׵СʹŤţһεξӨĺӶͷð˳
Ƭ־ֻмٲҰѩܣѩҧҡͷҪ֪ҲֻǶһżͦùȥ
ҰͣסŲ֪ѩ˵ʵ飬ȹϵϣת
ѩҧزԼгС岻ϵĳ鴤ţʶԽԽģ˫۽ϣȻ૵˵ţҲۣǧҪ׵ġ
Ȼ鴤ѵСãҰдСʹܼһӵĲŻԵģڽְܹ㣬ĵ;ƿݵĵز
ҰŭһĸֳһӡǣӡԽԽǻСˢһ¸˳
طƽҰҲ±˿ֱӼС
Ұҵʱ䣬·ѩץסǵİ֣ס㣬þСһС룬㴫
ҰæСյѩǽεС£ѩڻ̰ĺţܿƽҰ׵ҲһĨ󣬺ƽࡣ
ž
ҰһɣСٴκ£ˮûģ⻪һǶӡǶʧ
ѩһһĴ۾оȻһ˿鶯ʣ΢ƵĳҲ΢΢գס
ҰаޣСѾͷ϶ҲǸǵ˶
ѩԺվ¶ȵĵʹҮ͹ȥˣ
ҰͷЦȥˡ
ѩ˵ת˸ȦЦ磬Ĺȥˣÿβʹ󻹻ۺܳʱģ벻ô͹ȥˣô£
ҰһᣬСһֱεĺܺãͲ֪Сÿ֮󻹻ۣ
СѯʣҰЦϵϴδɽεЧɡ
ѩɫ࣬ǰɽλûãõԪݣá
ҰһȻ֪飬ռ͵ģ벻ͷϡ
ˣѩȻ۾һץסҰ֣СܣҴҵĵˣ׻ڵǻؼҳԷء
ҰЩǵĴ󺰣ǰѩɴûܹô죬Сûٴδ֢


8 ͻ
һ·СܵĻصУеֵ꣬ڷҰĶͷֵСҰôõģôס
ڷ˷ѩı仯ϳϲһѽѩڻϸĿ˿ѩСĵѩ㡭塭
ѩ˾µСĵףҸоöˣܻҲء
ŷѩС΢΢üͷ˵ѩɫ˺ܶ࣬ü仹һĨβȥĺһ̾ϢѩĲֻǱѹסˣδȫ
ڷϣɻʷҰѩȥʱɫܲôһͱôˣղŵ׷ʲô£
Ұ뷽ѩһۣɵղѩַ֢ˣɹŹֵǣηʱ̣ܶȷѩľͱˡ
Ҳ֪ͨңѵһ䣬˳˼֮УѵԪйأ԰ǰû˵Ԫʲôġ
Ұͷ˵
ʵСҰԪݴĹõģ
׻ɵԪݵϣҰҲͰٵĵǴĹһѨвģǶѨŵصӣԪݱ˰ɣٽĹȿ
ҰҲأںˣеĹȫƵԪϣԺСѹƲ֢Ҳнڡ
Ŀ⸴ӵĿ˿ҰͷĹҲкܴΣգܾңٽȥҲҪСһҲϣκһ£
Ұ̧ͷͦأظ׷ģҵ־ʯĹȵЩþҸûʲôӰ죬ֻҶ־Ԫݵ°ϣҾȥĹҿ
Ұ˵ҲʵϴδĹгʱĹеĻþѾûӰ죬Ҳô¡
£ҰҲûȥСǱԺ˼ǧҶ֣ͻصԼС
ڴϣҰСڵĶӸȤˣһܹ÷ѩ缲ѹסûüڿɵϸ
ҰСʹɫǴһС룬۾ȥֻɫ⻪뵣Լ֮ԶŴ㱼һ嫵Ļһɽڻãأܳ泤
һЩϵĻȫʧСײžŵξӨԲҺ壬˴˲ڣÿһҺ嶼ɫϼ⣬ã˿˿ǴŵҺ͸
ҰѱӴյڣ̰ĺСе㣬૵ŵҺʲôСõķ͵ÿЩҺˣһС÷¡
û˵꣬žһˣҰıǼкһ飬Сֱû뵽ġ
ҰһӴӴ˳űҪƿڴȻоƤʸ΢Щֲڡ
Ұϵı쳣ʣŭδɢһĨϲӴһذףɿĴֱϻһɫӡۣƤδơ
٣ˣôﵽͽڣҰ״ΣǰŸ̤ͽڣԤҲҪµʱܴﵽͽڣ벻ôͻˣ
˷˺ܾãҰƽ飬ܽô죬СûҲټƽˣаţٶȣǰҲǲܣ
Ŷδ㽣Ұ磬ٴγԲɫռ֮УǸŹƣܿٴνҵĿ֮
峿͸ҰŶѩڻææһ͡
ѩɫҰЦŴк
ѩתͷŷҰ΢΢£ȻС͵ЦҲ¶һĨЦ⡣
ҰеĪɵɵʣЦʲô
ѩգ´۾ʵ磬ıôô죿˯Ӵϵˤðɣ
ҰϱӱС£΢ЩΣڵҧһڡ
ѩСԴԺõãȻӸðҧ㣬ǹŹ֡
Ұ΢죬ɿٸ磬򵥵ĳ˵ͣǰԶСС
ոͻƣеҪǧҶֵ
վǿѾϡĴ£ҰŴƣҶƮȻ䣬Ұ沽ߣ˫ֽ̽ƮݶһƬƬĴɫҶƬ׷֮С
ȵҰչһСҶ
İʮƬǧҶֽһҰ˷ܵ˫֣ǧҶԽԽһһٶƬٶȣֱǿֲ
ҰδüƣǧҶ֣ʱˮʪ͸
Ұҧţ粢̫ƽÿһܶһֻĻᣬΣյʱҲȷķӦ
ʱѪ
죬ҰҲֹͣ˿ŴһԵʯϣӻóһƿּСƷ⣺ȡһҺ͵͵С÷£㲻ڵ缲Ҳܸʣܵ
Ұɢһնǣһն㣬þȫǴһС룬Сʹڳ¶Űƿ֪ЩҺûƵģֻڶת޷
Ұ˦ĵĵ˰죬ûһҺСžһĪĺˣವһû뷽Ұġ
ҰһӾˣĵĶӡƿڴѾʲôͬģүƵģ뻹벻̫źˣƼңҾ㻹Ҳǲү
Ұ𾢣ȻһУСӣҾ͸ҼжС


9 
˭ҰȻʶȭĿɨӣȴδκη֡
ʲôӻ𣿡ҰԺٴǸ
Ұ΢΢һ㶣Ŀˢһת΢΢Ķӡǣз˾ˣ𾪵ĵ˵Ķ㵽ʲô
ЩĵԽΪ飬ҵһʱҲ˵Ҵڸľ㿴͸ԴѵẦ㲻ɣ
ۣЩĸоȴݺģ쳣ĹŹ֡
ľ͸ԴҰ΢˿뵽˯ǹŹԼǸǧҶ֣ѷǵУŵҲ
˹ĵζˣСӻҴҺע⣿
ҰŨüĵĶӡǣߺߵĵҲʲôҪڵҺˣΪʲôֹң
һӻˣҪңھɴˣôȵ֪еҺʲô𣿡
ҰԼоЩԾɵĵʲô
ŭĵҺһΣֻŵΣÿһ̺Ӵ޾Ҫֹ÷ǵñɣ
Ұŵðһ亹к²ѣĵ³çˣлˡ
ҰϴĻҲɢ˴룬أԲĺߺߵѾһˣ㲻ԣ컹ôãҸվûãͶסˣ
ҰΣʲôɴ۾ȻһΣֻоŵΣô˵˾ˣ
鲻мĵУꣿҲ̫СˡҵʶȻ˸ովѣұڵ£궼ֹ㲻ˡ
ʶվҸоӦʶյɣ㽲Ҳǻ޾µϹ㲻ǸСӰɣҿҰɡ
ûĵߣôڵû취ûҵĻʶƿռˣҲÿ϶ĵط
ҰһԲɫռ֮Уɫ⻪һ뵣ڷҰǰγһͷСĹš
էһֻǸɫɫ֯Ĺţ֮䣬ַǧɫʣݻɽ졢ɫ걳ɽκԾ׻ɽӡ
ٿǧʧɣǾ壬ûҪС֡
ѹǰûӰԭΧɫ⻪ΪһˡҰȻ
һ󲨶ӵƺðɣһʶûС
ҰҲ⣬ЦΪ㳤öأ벻ֻǸš
ߵΪ̫ҪǱǿˣҶܻû
ҰЦţƤ𴵵̫죬Թ״̬ô£
޿κεһֱڻجج״̬񶦽ڵʱҲŽڵѣڸ֦ͬʵǿˣҲôࡣûɳͳ⣬ҾҪٴλصֻجج״̬СӣҪȻΪƾʲô㣿
Ұһ֣еĵͺðˣ빲ˣϸ㻹ûҴ󣬱ûûСģϴ󣡡
Цʵ뵱ϴ󣿵ǿ˵ɡ
Ұһ壬ԴǵѵСӿźҵѪѵģϴί˰ϴҲУǾͽ˵ˡ˺ϴѡһɣ
ɫŲ˰ΣŲ鲻Ըĵǻǽϴɡ
Ұܵĵ˵ͷţԣСܣˣ񶦵׽ʲô֣
֣صĵϴ񶦵ʱǲҪ֪ĺã񶦵飬ҲҪκ֪򣬱˵㷽ңڵƬ½֣֮
˵ôأҰҲԣصĵ˵ͷֺĵ񶦳ǹŹƣ޷ʹõҺǿ͸Դʲôã
鲻ĵʲôйŹƣƵӡĶĹҺͿ͸ԴƿռпԴ洢ƷҩʲôģҼУһʱҲ벻
Ұ˷ܵ촽ܹɽӵĶڴ˵еı˵ңһҲҲһһܾ÷Ұˡ
ο
ʦͼһƷʦҲһĵͼܹӵеģλߵף
ֻҪΪʦҪʦָ㣬Ҫ޾ĲʦٵĿڷëǰĴڡ
뵽Ұ˵ĴֱֵһЩʣѧǲǾͿκѩˣ
ɫһȭ˹ĵС֮Ѿాʮ꣬Ѿ;ƿݵĵز޾ҩ֧ţҲŲ꣡ʦۣҲ޲ߣ˵ڻһϲͨˡ
ҰɫĵأبźҺڣҪҲʲô¡
㲻˵ѩܲҺ𣿡Ұ֮࣬Щȡ
ĵҺȻֱӷãҪȫСõ缲ҪҺΪϽľˮǧҩǾûˡĻܹ缲ܴӱϸıʣȻˣҪںҩҺԳС
ǧҩ𡭡Ұб⣬նĵǧҪˣ


10 ˮ
ҪøԶ֮ҪСõٴ
Ұɫ΢ε
ɫһ뵣ߺߵСҺϢڶᷢԺپƿˣҺ¶ڿУһҹͻ᳹ɢ̫˷ˣ񶦣ûжסҺҪǸװƿЧȻ˷߰˳ɡ
Ұһڣš
ֵҪСõ壬ȥһĹȵףģĸӦصи̶Щˮ㽫ˮȫŲƵƿռһҺȥϡ֮þûˣʱѹסڵ缲ֻʣ֮꣬ڣҩ
ҰиеѹҵǧҩһҪڲͬԣô򵥵飡
Ҫ֪ҵǧҩҲָ֮һЩϼԪƴģ˵ǻԵҩ
ڻɽУҩǻԵģԲ˵ûУ쳣ĺ
Сóʮʹ࣬ҲýˣĹһˣұػҩСһҰ¾ġ
ƿռгҰҴҷؼУ˵㶫㳯Ĺжȥ
ĹȣǻþޣѾоҰв죬ĵþȣĹȱΪ񶦶ɣ񶦼ȻϣȻȻľͶûʲôӰˡ˵ûѹĻþҲʧҪȫʧҲҪٹʮУ˽֮󣬿ûôɡ
Ұд󶨣ǵĳĹȥĹޱȣ̺ԪҲ಻ʤ
˵ԪݵЧȲҺСҲⰡû˻þƣҰժԪݾǰβݰ򵥣ʱժ˽꣬ƿռС
ĹеԪѹһҰٴϴδӵصǸѨ˽ȥ
ŷҰУԽԽʪԽԽˮĸӦҲģָŷҰߴ˼֮󣬲һտĵ¿ռ䡣
ǰһɢɭɭˮ̶ԼʮɷԲ̶ˮŵ⻪Լɼ̶ˮиԲʯһƵ㡣
ϸȥҰſǷľȻһ͸㣬㲢ۼףϸۣʰ͸״ǶɼɢŵĹԡ
ҰĵӺ֣Ҳ֪ôӵģ
ĵ𣺡Ǳڱ𽻻֮أ̩һ壬ټϳ겻⣬Ѫ֮ɫȥΪ͸״֮Ǵ֮̶ˮеÿһ𶼱ԪݵĹЧǿö࣬ЩϴǰɽζҪǿ
Ұдϲֵһ̶Ϊ˵Ǳ̶ˮںδ
͵ˮ̶ͨŵصӣǺ֮أǴʯͨŵصңᣬҪҵˮǿʯϡ
ҰĿƵˮ̶ĵʯ̶ˮ̶ˮȻǣȴҲܳܵס
·һ˽ȥĴ˸飬֫ЩӲҰҲҾôʯ
ſʯ̶ˮת£Щ̡
סʯҰͼʯİݣаݵɫҺ壬ԼһˮͰӣ
ҰЦһ˫žʯԵʯ׹̶Уʱʯֻʣһ׼ˮ
΢΢Ұһʯ¶ˣһʯ·ѡҰһǰʢˮʯѾŲƵƿռ֮УԪԱߵĽС
һУҰ͵΢̵ʯϣƿռ䣬СĽСеҺγһˮУõˮŨˡ
ֵƿռڲĿռ𣬵Ҳ𲻴󣬷ƿռڣҺӰ첢󡣻Уˮϡ͹һҲܷùֻ࣬ܺһڣк档
֪ˣʱ䲻ˣŪؼҳҰãӦٴ̶С
Ǳ˲Ұɵľ߰˽صķ˶ϰ·ƿռͳԪݷڻУԭ·ء
մĹ߳ͼѩվĹ⣬˫һĨĺΣ΢Ƶķ˿ҲһĨϦ±һ
Ȼ߷Ұѩڲڷе㵣ģѩôҵˣ
ѩչһЦҸо˺ܶ࣬ȥǰûҵҲܻ͹ȻףĹлôôƯ
ѩôߣҰֱӽݸţ΢΢Ƶĳĵڵص֮׽ģǡÿԸ㲹
ѩӹе¸Ũˣȵĵ磬ееºͣһûأ֣
ҰЦӦΪڵ֮УԵʰɡ㿴ͺóԣпڷඣˣһԪݣһܰĲκã
ѩһŪнСֹҶûиоκʹ࣬õĲˣԪݻԼðɡ
ҰСһ壬ŭУòеɫһҪǧٳκβӣ
ѩС죬ܹɵŶһű𣬺Ų֪СĸڷҰߡ
ɽƬСʱɽЦųҰкҰ㶼ûҸоܲϰߣСӲȥ˰ɣ
ҰеĽ𣬵ЦǴԣ׽ȥˡ
㳤õǹŹ֣ɽһĿתѩϣһѩӵɫӿ飬û뵽ѩָ֮ôƯ
ѩЦЦлɽ佱
ɽɵЦҰһߣҿûǷ쾭߻ƣ׼鷳ԼСĵԺҪˡ
Ұк˸ܣ⡣
ɽϴҪǡó֣ǵóԴɣеһЩֽɽ׽ȥˣ鷳ûܡ
Ұĵ鷳Ҿ͸ҽ鷳ҪǸҾ͸ᣡ
ɽε̾˿㻹ôƢǲײǽͷ
ҰķɽļӲʵӿֳһĨҰȻɽ㻹ǲ̫˽ңײǽʱѡǻͷײǽѡǰǽƵ
ÿĿǽƵһЦ֪ʱǰĵ·ϣ˫ŷҰǹһ˿ϷʵЦݡ


11 
ѩҰСһ鷳ˣǱϽ߰ɡ
ѩݣһ˿Ľٿѩеıһ˿̰Ĺ⻪ЦѩңҽͷŹҰһΣô
ȻѩеĴʲô࣬Ҳְ͸ѰԸ첻ҷҰҲ뽫
ѩҧεСֳһĨŽС΢΢ζţҪ𶪹ȥ
ҰֽѩסѩŽС֣Էѩ׻׻̵ǵĶΪʲôҪǵõ˵Ļһζãֻ䱾裡ԴˣҪӱĴȥ
һ£ֱߵĵ·Ҳۼ˲ٴԻӵܣҰͻʱͣ½ŲһԹۿ
Էӵ˵дǳе飬ܼϽģÿвΧۣȽԼ֮˵ӡ
ҰŴһ˵һ÷е쳣ŭЦӦûǵطɣ岻ڣ˭ͷ
ҰϾĵ˵ͷЦȻǵãĳЩ˱ͷ
ӿ˫ȭѸĳҰҧгݵĵ㲻Ҫôң
㣿ҪҿҪУҰȻʧЦ˵վڳУָճȭһ󼱴ٵķŷȭͷֱȥ
ҰĻ˶ɵЦֻ֪ϳܣû湦Ļֻֿԡ
飡
ȭȭཻһ죬˶ǣҰȻ˷ĺһ
˿δ
˶ȭͷвԼѸܵĹ֮ҰȴվڳнСȻϿָߵͣʵϣҰȷֻǿ
ͽڣĸо˷ҰƤǿٰĴֲڸС
ǰ뷽Ұʱ򣬷ҰֻǴͽڣȴԼʻҪǿһЩ÷е쳣š
ҰЦ˵ˣҪģ
ҪʤĲʣ似ţһȲرȻ˫ۼⶸȻ¡֣籼ţƵĳҰ˫ȭ
ҰŲ˫趯Ʈݶ˫ƶȻûӰӣת֮ʮơ
žžž
һ촫ҰӸλֱڷ˫ϣ˫ϵľжøɸɾ˫뷢صĺڷؿڡ
ŵŵ߰˲ײһôϲͣ˫۲ĲţȻŷҰǧҶ֣ܣ
ǷΧ۵˶Ĳ˼顣ǧҶֹڷ˶Թܳɹȴ޼Ұǰᣬ벻ȴô죬ϰţܾõķĶ֣
ɽ˷ܵվԱߣѩҲЦСѣȸԾѡ
ǽɲƣҰҡҡͷɲʲôƲһе֣Ʋˣ絽ǰֳ̧ŷ˹ȥ
գһֻ޳ƾճڷҰֱ·ŷҰѸץ
Ұɫ΢䣬ǧҶֵ仯Ȼأֿ쳣죬΢΢һյıܹ޳ơ
ף޳ƵһѸٱ仯ѭŷҰץȥ
Ӧ֮Ѹ÷Ұܵ˼ѹҰȲٱ䣬תż任ʮͣƵûһ˿֮
ֻ޳ʼղ뷽ҰδץȴҲԽԽҰץסҲ顣
ҰһֻƸͲ˵Ķֺ֣ԥļսţ˫໥תۻûٵӰһٰƣ紩޳Χ׷½ء
ˢ
˵һֻ޳Ƽ˽˫ָֻ㣬Ļ׹䣬˲뷽ҰžĽ£˫ÿ
³һ۵꣬˫ֱشûɫ˿һȼյĻ棬ʵϹһ˿䵭Цݡ
硣ϲĺ
ƣҰ΢΢üղŵһֱ֣ȫʹѾ׵ͽڣ͹ǶϽˡ
ԭһƬ
ƲǸһڵĸôֻˣɻ󲻽⡣
ߣˣڹ۶ϻһǳöǧ˵ôô󷽣ԭЩѾ²İ˾Ųʮ
Ұ鷳ˡ˲²⡣
ĮȻŷҰҶ׷ɣѹָôţ
ҰĵСķۣ
һ죬ǧҶֵǳģûҰѾǧҶ˰Ҷ׷ɵľ磡ѧ츳֮ҲڷëǰĴڣ
ڷһıӰ죬ɭ䣬аЦҰҲǫ飬ҵдд裬ϣ㲻ߴͽ̡
ͽԲüһ뾪
Ұͫ΢в¾ǼԣҪȡǧⷽƾԻһ󾢵У
Ұ׼ȫУöߴһ߳ס֣


12 ǰƺ
תȥͼһӯŮڳ⣬һϮۻɫƮ裬гΣһ京ŵĻ䣬ԲļϻŸСҩ¨Ƿġ
ĵ˵ж¶Ľ֮ɫⷽĲ˳ƯһиƷʦүү˭ߵĽ
һ壬ѵһӵܣǴʲôбȥɽƴ
ֻд£ҽ飬ġƺĵ
Ʒʦļֵ˵һڸĵӣҲԸ׵﷽ġοĵݾѣҲֵ˻ģһģԺĵҩͲóˡ
ĸ߸߰СԴ˷Ұһۣ뵽ϴҩþȻҰסеߵҰôĴδܶ㣿ǲĹˣ
ҰĮĿһۣûأŷѩС֣תߡ˵ѩ꣬ҰкܲˬֱӶӡ
û뵽Ұǰѿʹ˶ţŲһ壬ٽĹһˣ
Ұ̲ĻӦͳϣû㡣
˶ɵĹȣԷҰûʲôӰ죬ĵвһЦ
˪΢ĵѾڱıԵץסѯʵҰС̫ʶ̧ˣҪҰæѵһ𣿡
ĸȻĿɴһǻŭ˲ʧӰ٣ϲĺ𣡡
δ䣬Ѿ˳ȥ˷Ұ˵ǰһץסѩĿĶŷѩеı𣬼Ǵģ
Ұ΢΢Щ⣬벻ⷽľȻϳ𣬿ҩҲǰ׻ġ
ѽ㣬ŪˡѩСĿ顣
æɿ֣˵ЩʲôͿҰĿûɵĸеһĻš
ƫˮԣүүŽһƷˮͬһЩҩٶһ
ҩѱ룬ȱˮͬٺʲ
֪Ұжн٣һתӷѩ֣ɤӣʵѩã߽㣬Ǵõģ
ѩ˿ģֿ˿ҰĵǸץġ
Ұ΢ȣѾѩˣǴĹץģСѾͷȴʣֵɽֱӶԼ˼Ҳϸĺܡ
ȻֱҰګګĵǣǸҰ磬Ǹ𵽵ǴŪģܷѣøң
뵽ҩʱԼ÷ҰõģҰΪ磬ɵøеһġ
ҿɸʲ㷽С㡣ҰĮ
ĴСĸˣѵõһΣβķҰŭߵֲģðɽ㻻
ҰǣŷѩСִܸɴĻش
ֱҧ޺޵Ķ˶ţתҩñ˹ȥʣһķƣһȺ۵С۵ķꡣ
ɽСϣиѩѧƭˡ
У˵ץ㣬û˵
ҵ˼ǣĺܺá
ҿĽҪ㣬Ϊʲô
ǰ˵˻Ҳ˵ˣҸҲץ
Ϊʲôأ
ôΪʲô

صУѾ׼ͣҰϽԪݣϲĽ˹ȥ
ȻͿ˷ѩеı侪ڱصòȴδϳ⵽ʲôƷ֣͵Ѱˡ
Ұû͵͵ĵһˮڹܿƮ㡣
֮ͬۻ٣ټˮϡ͹Һһζ쳣
Ұ˾Ȼһȵһɶ󻹶δӡ
һļֵѰİҩҪǿ̫ˣҰ͸оһڵͷ϶㺹顣
ҲһĨ죬ֻзѩɫ糣¶ĿǸ
΢΢£ϲĵһҩҩԶҪǿѩѾϰˣСҰϽȥ˷ҩԡ
Աϣ붼ûˢ첽ܻطУ
Ǽҵҩȫ˷ѩϣ˻ϾδùҩȻ᲻˷Щҩ
ҰҲܵԺǧҶ֣ȥʱʹ죬ĸоһȵ뵽֫ٺ֮Уĸʡ
ȵҩҰƤĴֲڸиˣҪ˶þͻͽԲ֮
Ҳ˹ϣϹϲЦݣŷҰ֣СҰŪģҸоŶƿЩɶ佫磬Ҳǳ飡
ҰҲܸˣЦŵĹĵصץģˣԪҲǴõġʱ˷ģ˵Ǳ𣬿Ȱҩ
û˵ü΢εĵԭǴĹеõģϧĹеĻþ̫ǿҸ޷룬ȻҲȥץǡÿԸѩҲʡɽˡ
ҰЦ⻹ĹȶҵӰ첢Ժץˣлкܶࡣ
ɻӰ첻ѵǿԵʣ
˵ţֵ˷ҰüģҰüһԺвĸֳĪƵӡͼü͸һɽɫΡ
ѩڵϣСԴСǺ档
ϳ˾ϲ֮ɫѿڵȻ
ҰףľǿԴÿƵӡ֮󣬲ſʼѸǿ
˸ˣҰҲɵЦٺٵĵòƲǻ£
Ц£أԼᶨ־а֣һǰΣֻǣйؾĹٵÿھǿһ˵Ǻ»ǻ£
ѹǻþӰ첻ңԭǿԵʡҰɷµĵʵףĹеĻþûӰ죬ҪĻΪСڵԵʡ
Ҹѣǡþ׺ɲɵķˣҲֵýһжƵ˾ǿ棬Ȼ治ý͡
ϣҰƿռƵӡڶŵʱһŶɫȹŮȻ⣬Ƿģ


13 ˵㲻
Ҫ֪ǱĳסҰᶨ
ҰĮĿһۣһʹԾ˹ȥͷҲصǰСС
ҧŷҰС֣ȵǣеĲľѾ쳣ϡ裬ֻʣ¼ʮƬҶɢĹҡ
ȻȣȴѯʣֻһԲվԱ߲ԶţҲš
Ұ˵վڳУһԱһôϣƬ䣬Ұ𣬽Ʈ˫ֻû޳һƬƬҶ֮С
ȵҰҶһɨ⣬뵽֮У÷һԿֱ۾
ĻһԿţҰüͷ΢塣
в¾ǼԣѾﵽͽԲķһ󾢵УΪ˵õһöǧҰʱ뱩¶ȫʵһЩƣڹؼʱ̷̣
ϣûһ˿Ҫ߿ӣҰҲټܸɴתɽ¶ȥ
죬ԶĸڷҰ
ӵܶĺܣ̫ո𣬾вѾţٵضɽԣҰͷһǰһ߹϶¶ܲɫ֪λСʲôʱʼˡ
ҰֱƽֵĵطԶ˷ɽĺһ
ɽôˣҰЦŴк
ѾԺɵĿʯˣƤҲڱôֲڣҪ˶þͿԽͽڣɽͷӦһžͿ˸ڷҰƨɺķģ۾һӵɴüײײҰüŪ۵ĵôģ
ʲôôģҰĪ
ɽסҰ˫磬׶ĵװˣСѾͷѲҪôˣʲôʵ
Ұȥɽ˫֣ĵǹ飬ͶҼſڣ˦˦
ɽҰһߣĶĳҲүүǶƷʦӵ֦ܶأ㣬ǾͰ֪ĸ飬óʱͳ֣ôһⰡ
Ұʼ磬ҿɸʲ𡣡
ĹĵߵҰߣĿԲĵƺܿͷСǰ飬Ҵ˻ұ֤ԺҲ˵ˣôСĺҪ𡭡
ɽ۾ɵϴ󣬼ֱԼǷˣĴСĸˣ⻹ǵһϴ
ϴҰɫҲɵ㣬Ҳ׽ĹԼǧдͨд·ܶ࣬ǱǴӵصӽ㴦һŹ̶׽ġ
Ĺȣǧ⣿ĺͷɽͬʱж˺Ȼ벻ҰȻܹĹôԶ
ĹִĵҲһ
ԱϣĹȵķƮȻȥ
ɽ·ҰĹȿɲģһû˵˭ܹ߳ǧɵľ룬ȥɱʲôźá
ûǿȥҰһվǺݲĲܣͷɽһ˹ȥ
ɽȥ£˲ԶƵĴ˻µĵ滹治˴ĵطԽԽܣ벻ͨô߳ǧ֮Զġ
ҰȻҪĹߵԶҪ쳣͵־С
ɽֹô˵ĹȵĻȻԾкܴӰ죬ҲʧΪһĺõط
Ұ΢ҲʧΪһð취ǡÿѭ򽥽Ķֻ̫пĵ
Ĺȿڵһӣɽĵĵڻûʲôɣ
Ұüȥš
ĹѾûκӰ죬Ұɵľ˽ȥھȿٶɵλüѾ赹ķģֽ˿
Ů˰鷳ҰһŷĿٵķعȿڣڿ쵽ȿڵʱ򣬹⽫ԼɫҲƵİײԲԵģǺżӡ
ɽΧôˣ
еĻĻ˹ȥӦûʲô󰭡ҰӦһڷĵѨͿƵ˹
Ұûĵ㽲ˣǲڵãͳˡ
Ĵ۾ʧŨŨĲʣŻҪȥ
Ұ̾ϢһĹеĻþ̫㻹ʵʵĵɣǱȥץ
ӵĿŷҰ뵽ҩԼΪܲζջΪһСġ
Ұδŵתȥŷɽ˵ͷٴν뵽ĹУᳵ·Ǵصױ̶̶еı˲÷Ұ׵ľβص档
ҰȻ뵽ղŷɽԣжŻ飬ȥ񶦵ԼĹеĻʡĳȥ֮ǿ
ԼҪİȻǳܲסٰѹơЩֻ
Ļδ䣬ҰȻоתɽһӱ޾׹ž˸ķҰһʹ飬궼ľ
Ұɫ쳣Ĳ԰ףͷиֳǸصƵӡŸо˵Ҳɡ
ĹԽԽҰɽǧԶĵطܵĻȹȿλʮֹƵӡһ¹ƾܽľң
ϴ㻹ܵס𣿡ҲЩǡ
Ұ˫ĿԲһŲȿڣҧԵÿп࣬ΪˣƵӡ߹ĥҲֻΪеĻ䡣ֻоĥܳɳĲڷˣ͵öԼĺݣ
ĬһĵϴΪϴҪúûȥӵм̲־ܴԸϣﰿ裡ĹȵĻ񶦶ƿռͿԻûĹелʱɶ
ҰΧĻþͷǣ궼ڳܵĥҲϾ飬һһӡŲ
ӹ߳ʱѴ죬ͷˮճһһ縵ģڵĴŴֻɺ
ɽϽס˷Ұǵĵû°ɣ
Ҳǰ۵촽΢΢˶ջʲôû˵
Ұҡҡͷ£ƽڷѪݸһ𣬵ҪıҲ֪ʲôãڻ޷Ĺ̫ٳܡ
ŶһգգˮĴ۾ֽӹлˡ
Ұİ˰֣ɽһԴεӣֵݸһЦǴ󲹣һһؼҰȣ
ֹ̾Ұ̫˷ˣ뵽ԼеıǷҰģջʲôû˵
ɽϲ̵ıŸɵЦű͸·ŵζ
ҰסɽЦɽղ˵ûĹȷʵǸĺõطһ綼ȻһµĸоܹѭĶҲǸѡ񡣡
ɽ۾Ťͷ˿ĹȣݺݵҧҧʲôʱҲԳͷأĹȻ˵ôõЧƴˣ
ĵĿҲһ˿ʣ˵ĹȵĿ£û뵽˸
ֶʽǳУ˶ĻԺͿĹȲ׽
һڣۼ̫Ѿͷлűľ͸ԷؼС


14 ǿѩ
ҩõĵУһɫľ޴¯Уҩӵ¯ɢ
һޱ߷վڵ¯ǰ΢֣׵ͷҵƵģϵϹһ̻ңĿŷеı𣬾ɵĵĶҰСһĹǧɣ
ĿգͷүүӦòģҽɾܲˣŪġȻԼȥˣ˺ܾòųֻϢɢңˮʪ͸ˣվվȣҲֲסˡ
ò߾ȻǷΨһĶƷʦţ
µĻ׺룬΢УɻĹȵĻþǿǿҶǧɣѵҰСһǿƫľڼڽǧҶҶ׷ɵľ磬ҲǺʺʦ
ĿεӹһĨȻѾ߿˷ҰҲû뵽ŶԷҰĿߣͽ֮
Ҫ֪෽ӵܴͷҪݷΪʦŸͲգȴշҰΪͽ
Ϊ˵ķҰû־򣬴űؼңһԵǲֺ
磬ҰֱſڵУ˸Сβͣѩ
Դǰ췽ҰҺϢѹסѩڵ缲֮󣬷ѩҲûб֢ŹɫãС϶໶ЦΨü仹˿˿޵ĺ
ָĲˣѩҲԼڼƲס͸ŷҰޣѵСѾͷô£ҰҲˡ
ѩֿҰҲ˼һǶǵǧҶˮ˳𶯴Ҷ׵ƬҶӣķѩۻңʹСֽкá
Ҫǻ˱֪ҰϰǧҶּʹﵽ־磬µþһ򣬷ѩԴ˻ûκεĸǾúÿˡ
ҰһƷ紩һ㣬ѩҲҪѧ
ҰٸΪѣϰ似ҪﵽͽڵʲУѩûðȻĻܻɺܴˡ
ΪѼ䣬˹Ժ𣺡ϴ󣬲õģѩԿ缲ʮ꣬ҩ˵ľĽֻǿ־ǿ˲֪ٱ˲Һˮ似ǵκθӰ죬ѧ
Ұϲһ䣺ƫʲôԵģܷǧҶ似
ɵԲעģĳض£ڵԾͻὥ͹Գѩ缲в֢ôĶԿԾ֣κԵ׺ԶˣκԵĹû⡣
ڻȵһǧҩ缲ʱʣҪ˵Ƭ½ˣûмܹȵϣ
Ұֲ֧鲻ԽЦ˳
ѩСɻ󣬴ʵ磬ɵЦʲôѽ
Ұϲ쳣ĵķѩСԴѩѧ似˰ֻѧϰ似еۣ㣬˵ãҽѧϰ似ԸߵŶ
ѩ˷ܵľֻѣѧǧҶ֣ǿźÿ
һֶ˸СӰ÷Ұȵǣѩѧϰٶȱտʼѧʱ˿һʹģ
ֱԷʱ򣬷ѩ˷ܲѣĸ񿴵ѩô˵ӣҲ쳣Ŀġ
󣬷Ұδľͻص˷Уƿռ䣬û鿪˻þ
ʱΧĳ𲻶ʱɽ𺣣ʱʱѪƮ㣬ʱ죬ǧѸת
ȻǻþȴֱӰ˵꣬÷Ұһ㣬ȫͬʹҰֱо꾭εıۣʱ̶֮ǻ
ҰӼͣʱΨҧţĸоԼľӵҲܹĶ
һʱ󣬷Ұѣ죬ڴϾҵĴϢѡ
Ұס˯ͷڴϣƿռнƵӡٴ˿֮ѸٵĻָš
ڶһ磬ҰʹŷѩСϤǧҶ֣ٽʱһǰĹȡ
ɽͷѾһ綼ĹȵĻþޣ˫к˼䣬ҰҪĹꡣ
˵Ĺеĸֻ󣬷ѩ˺棬ĥӲݵ÷Ұ˽ȥҰôߣĹΧߣĺġ
ĹȺ󣬷ҰԽԽȣѩ汦ƵĶƣΧĻûʲôӰƵġ
֪УѾɣѩʱؾ磬ܱˣöѩѽֱˣƯĻѽѽѪζţ磬쿴׹ÿ̻Ƶģ
ѩһҲͣҰɫԽԽŹ֣̲סѩûиоʲô𣿡
ѩգգ鶯۾Цͣڵһ£ЩĥҴ󲿷ֶǰ֢ʱʮ֮һⶼûʲô
Ұа̾һʮ벡ħĶԿѾ÷ѩ˷˵ļ־־˵Ҷܱȵ
ֱ˰Զʱ򣬷ѩ΢΢üͷҰ۵ĵѩĹ˰ɵˣҲҲѾĺܺˣȻعȿڰɡ
ѩչһЦ磬ûµģĻþȻȸտʼҲֻܸϵҲ֢ʱһ룬ûһЩ̫ϰأøӦӦ˳ȥץסĵط
Сĵֲס˵һһʱȥҰٴһ񶼷˷ѩϣвͻᶯСסѩ㱩¶СҲϧ
˺ܿ͵ǧ֮ԶλãҰ¶ҴϢѣѩȴֻɫò԰һЩӰ첢ӡ
ҰһһֱΪԼ־㲻ˣ벻СȻô࣡
ҰŷѩҵǸߣ߹հ֮Ǵ̶ǰ뺮ȵ̶ˮԷ㣬ǷѩδģϷˮ㣬Ĳֺ
ȵѩеˣҰ㣬һͬعȿڡ
Ұ˸㣬˵ЦĴɽ߳ȺڹȿڵķɽͷȫĿɿڴһŵӡ
ôҲû뵽ƽʱķѩĹг磬ǶһĴܸС
Ϣʱɫ΢žͻָȻСѩѾͷô벡ħԿ־ȷκ˶ҪǿһϷ漣Ȭ֮ʱһɳ֮գɽס
𾪣Ŀг˲ţôǹ̥


15 
ڽļУҰһֱڼţϴŷѩСǧҶ֣ٽʱĹȲ׽СжϻþޣƵӡĸ½֮һƣ
յ޿÷ҰǧҶֵǧ仯Ȼأʽ֮ı仯ӵ鶯Ȼһһʽ裬Ʈݶ
ǧҶֱͷޱȣԽԽ˵Ұÿ춼쳣ƴÿҶҲֻӼʮƬ
ת۾뷽ɽѾȥ죬Ұܸо鷳꣬ʱҲϦδɽʹŷѩĻص˼С
ȿȡ߽УҰϵ
Ұһæŷѩ첽ߵУϰϣɫ԰ףؿɼǵѪۣ˿ڴŵĻɫ⻪ֹ˿ڵϣż
ôˣҰͷѩһ뾪첽ǰϳ˵ǡ
İ˰֣ϵһϻӴ򿪣¶һƲӲӵ˲ΣЦ߰˰ˣѩ棬Ҷܾˡҵŵȵػ汪ʳΡֻǼһľ̫ߣҸճھͱˣһ񶷣Żˣȿȡ
һ׿ˮë淽˿ڱߵѪµĵҲ̫ðˣǿǸĴܻŻǸˣ˿ϻзʴҲ֪òܹ
޵ĵȼֺһֻǻ˸֣ӵ͵ΪҰޣޣʦڣʥ
ֻǸ佫ڵʿܴ¼һҲǲˡ
ԹˬʵĴЦ㹻֧ѩһʹᣬСֱ̫ˣοУʱʱ̶ܻ̿ѪȵϴС˸㲻ʲô
ѩжۿ΢죬СһϺˣü춼ûиеκʹˣλǸ˰ɡ
ѩҲðοңûʲô󰭡Ϊѩҽڰο˵Щʲô۾Ȼɴ󣬻Ȼվѩϸһ飬ĿͣڷѩСϣ״εĵѩˣĲ
Է۹⣬ȻܿѩʱĲͬ˵ӹǶɴϵȴǿֻ࣬ü仹˿˿Ҳԡ
ϵôˣѩҲ¶ЦݣĲʹˣ⼸ץЩҳԣܸЩйذɡ
㣿ʲô㣿ɻŷҰ
ҰͷҽĹСòժԪݣиѨͨصӣڵصӽ㴦׽˼͸࣬˵Ǳ𡣡
ЩϢǿԴģҰδȫ˵˳
𣿡һ˫ĿоϲĵǱ𣿾˵һıԸϵһҩȿȡ
Ұæϵ£𼤶ǱЧüãϢͽȥ׽
Ҳ죬СҰÿ춼׽һҸоԼƿҪͻˣ׽Ҳá
ÿ춼ȥɻһһѰס˷ҰҲСˣʲô¶ҪԣððʧʧģĹȣҲɴ⣬ס
˵ڷҰŷҰֱһֱָƼĴֲڸУЦ٣ͽڣСӣͦģȿȡ
ϵĴЦǣƣҲںҰҲе쳣㣬ָеϵ̫أǫʹҴҵĳŶȥϼŻܹϵˬʵĴЦ
ҰȫУƬ̾͵˺ɽĹ⣬ʱѾɽͷĶȥԵĹȸӵĿտ
Ұֱû񶦵ѹסеĻһСܵĳǧ⣬ܿ˾Žص͸ˣ˿˾ȵĿ⣬ҴææĸϻؼС
˵֮˵ķܴ󣬵Ҳ㹻һ˳һٵˡ
ҰôűˣҲеЩȣӸȤ
ҰִӻͳŵԪݣ÷гԾ
ۻĴ޿һҩ벻ҰʱŪݣҿҰӣȻҲ̫ˡ
ʵҰǴƿռóģӻóֻǸӣϵˣȻҪܵİϵκá
˿ѩֿ˿ҰЦŵ㹻֤ѩˣԪݾ͸һ˰ɣҲСӲ
ҰЦԪݽСڰͣҰڷһš
ŷҰ̾˿ѩʱѹסˣüɲɢҪ̫ˣ
Ұ촽΢ȥɵİοİɵѩѾתܻиһģ
ϣ˰ɡʰʧ飬Լ⼸ľҰ渵
жŮͬŮҪжҪĥ£Խ廷ĲпᣬԽڽõȥػסҪ˺
δܹյҲûйʣص㻹ǽľ飬ڷɽּ䱼ߣʹľ˵ҶܹȵԶԶ
龰ҰѾ˲֪ٴΣÿϵΣյ飬ҰϸϸĽԻи̵ʶһЩҪ鷳
ҰϵľȫԺУףⶼϵѪı飬ԺȻõõĵط
󣬷üͷ΢壬ɽһͷѪۻᵽģ㻹ӡɣ
ҰɻĵǵģңѪۻɽΨһһͷھĸ̾ɽˣƬɽȺǻۻôˣ
ɵкüζɽ񻢱ҹƣѪۻҪˣ򼸸£һֲ꣬˶ˡ
ҰȻѿڵˣƬɽҪˣ
͵ĵ˵ͷɽֻһڣȴʮͷѪۻһЩضɽ쵼Ȩʱ򣬻ɽССźܴ鷳һڶһܿס棡ҪŬڴʱܰæ
Ұصĵ˵ͷие쳣صѹ
ʱѩڳſ̽ͷЦ磬պˣ㰡ඣ


16 ȭ
ҰЦǺǵĽ˳Ѱ˸Ŵʢת˲䣬ƿռеʮˮ棬ϵ˹ȥ
Ϊ˰ϵˣҰˮ˽ʮҪǵķ̫ϵ𣬷Ұ޲ýˮȫŽȥ
ûԹôóԵ㣬ȵһɶΪԪݵԵʣȴ֪ϡ͹ҺЧá
ҩЧǿԵĴ죬δ촽ݸҰСҰٸʢһ룡
Ұսӹ룬ˣ
תȥֻǰ˿ڴЩɫ⻪ҲûڣЩ԰׵˲ûһƬ
ͷѩ϶˵ǣҰҲԴģΪˮŶˣǧʲôӡ
ڵһվæܵ⣬۵һһںѪ
磬ôˣæȥ
תǰ˿ڻţǹѾʧɫҲָ
ȻоһɻȵӵѸٵȫڻ㱴һϸ΢졣
һϾ¶һĨϲ۳ֻɫİ͸ɿƵض
佫Բ磬㣬ͻˣҲ˾ȡ
ĴЦǰǹ汪ĻԷˣһٳƿұԾƫһ˿ԷԺͻƵҲ׵Ķ࣬øˣ
Ұʱ˿¶Цݣþûϵ˳Цˣϵƻָɹͻƣ÷ҰҲеǳġ
ѩҲź˵СɵЦ֮࣬ЩɻĵҩЧôôǿҲƾɹͻƿΪǶû¶һ
벻ϵĹ۲ô񣬷ҰЦ⼸Ա𣬿Ѿ˿ԣҲܸԪйأأþС
Ҳ⼸ҲоͻƵӣǺö
ٶ룬ŷҰһӣҿĹл֮ĲģСӵľǿҲãԺû¾ͶץҶúò
ҰһĹȶӰ첻׽ܺ׽ƿռлкܶˮȫ˵ʸƣҰҲǳ⡣
泩ЦŵСҰ̶̼ʹﵽͽڣǳǧҶֵҲ̫ɫһٿУУ㡣
˵ǷҰˣǷѩʱҲǿﵽ˰Ҷ׷ɵľ磬ϵĿУҰͲġ
ڶһ磬Ұ͸ŷǰСС
սСУϾ¶һĨȵ飬СѾտһƬһҶŨܣһҶ㣬ϡϡ
ⶼǷҰ̿ĽаԵͷվһŨܵĴ£ֶĵ㽫ǧҶִһ顣
Ұ΢ԥ£˫Ų˵վڳУ˫紩ĶƮݶȻȴ뷽̵΢ƫ
ҰһǧҶִ꣬ͿһԽüͷվһߡ
ɻĵǧҶֺҽĿͬһЩϸ΢ĵطȴ𣬿ô¶
ҰԺͷҵǧҶ֣ҸоЩط΢ı»˳֣Ҿ˳ԼĸоĳЩϸ΢ĵطЩĶ˳ࡣ
нŽɣˣûУǶΪﵽزǿ߲õ޷
˵ҰǧҶҪ̵ĸӵĸûоʵս޷ǷҰġ
ЩڴĵԹˣΪǿߣѧţڸĹûʵãҪԹ֪
ԱϣԱïʢĴϣƬҶӻƮ
Ұۼֿ죬˫ѸٵĶҶдң˲ͽƬҶתͶ֮С
ƽʱҰɾܹеҶУٶƬҶӵʱ͵ı仯£õüʮƬҶӴֱ߻䡣
ʮƬԶԶҵԤϣǳĵ˵ͷ
ǰſʼ̵ҰָֻһЩҪעĵطͽɽȥˣҰԼŬǧҶֵزԶԶ˰Ҷ׷ɵľ磬ôϸҲ޻˵
ҰЦͷа͵Цϵ֪Լܹ߰ٶƬҶӣ᲻𾪵ĵʯ
ķҰļˬʵĴЦǧҶֱǰǿ˲٣±һĵؽ似Ҫǿ벻ҶӾȻǸѧţ
ǣҰҲ˿ϵǫ飬Ϲŵ顣
ЦСӣ˵㻹ˣǧҶȻúȴǻȭȣʵ
ȭȣʵҰգգ۾ǲš
Թ֣˵뷽ƻЩ࣬ǧҶҲһȴϵ˵˻ȭȣв
֪СӾͲ㿴ǧҶʲôġЦһȳɽȥ
Ұ棬뿴ϵʲô㡣
ͷɽɽ˿ûֹͣ˼ɽҰмǰУҰɻĵҪȥ
ȥʵս£žˡӦһ
Ұ˷ܣ˵ɽһ׽ɽҰʲôģǶڷΧСɽУδɽ֮Ужɽ
ʱץһţʱͣ޺ԽԽԶ뵽ɽ档
𡭡
һܺңңɫ΢ŷҰܺ𴫳ķȥ
Ũܵɽּ䣬һ߽׵ĺɫſһô˺ҧһֻ¹ɫëմѪ쳣Ѫȡ
ɽּ䣬ҰҲη壬źܣһԾԾԵӡ
̧ͷʾ£ͽڵΪϹӣԱӦû⣬ȥְɡ
Ұ˷ܵУ֪ϹƤǿҲҴ⣬˫Ų˵վڳУ˸ǧҶֵʽ
ǸӦ˵Ǻˢһת˶ԴĿ¶׹ĶŷҰ
˴˽ʳ쳣ķŭһ׳˶ŷҰڳײȻޱȣжȴ˿
ҰһѸٻ˸λ˫ֿĴ˳ȥںʮơ
𡭡
ͷƤҲδ˽ǣŭһһ˫׳ץȥҪҰ˺ѡ
ҰշתŲƮݶ鶯ܵĹȴ쳣Ŀ񱩣ʱҰؿڵͱ˺ơ
ÿ죬һ¾ƶǣ


17 
ںܵв£Ұòԣ˫紩ָܵŭ
Ա߰ԵͷСӸղŻδȫȻںܵĹ»˴ݡ
ҰͷΧշתŲ˫紩ݺȥƮݶ鶯ںȴûκãͽǵúܷŭкֱײײһƬĴдݲеһƬǽ塣
Ұе֣ȻоһִֻԼϣž͸е˫뿪˵棬ΧľٵˣھܰԶĵطͣȴǷ˻
ܱŭԶȴҳδҲܸܵϵǹݷɷȥֲģֻԶвĺ
оΣЦЦĿŷҰ
Ұ˼ɦɦͷǧҶֵı仯̫ӣʹȫɢˣƤģʹ򲻶ͽΣȫû
ЦҡҡͷⲻǳǧҶϣǳϣһʼҾ͸˵ǧҶʱ޿ײ룬ʱˮˣ
Աϣźܳ˹ȥ
ĸоΣգͷܣЦһڲߣˣ
ֻ첽׷ϺܣΧźıȥ˫ֻûٵӰڣٶȲ죬ȴ̺ĳɣںϷһƵ죬ûڴƵġ
أڷҰߣЦ
ҰأվԶĺܣɻûʲô°
δ䣬ͨһ̱ڵϣûйͷһ㣬ȫһš
Ұ˫۶Ȼ첽ǰȥһŵĺȥ̧ͷɵĵȫĹˣ
ЦõҲǧҶ֣ٶȡͬȴ׵˺ȫĹؽڣһƸǽܵͷ­飬ÿһƵ˿Լ¡
ҰԺлϵղųʱĶϵǧҶָĲ࣬еĵطûľȴԼöࡣ
ϵĶһһԺлطţҰţȻһǧҶ֣̺֮Ϣ˲䱬һɰҵҴǧҶ࣬ղ㣬ȻƮݣȴȫû
ᲢõǧҶֲǧҶ֣ףֵǧҶ֣ԾʽΪû޾һ£ʽԽӣͻԽɢǧҶ֣дգᲢã֮շתŲٶȺɻΪ֮ڷ䱬ȴֲ˷̫νĴ羢
羢ҰŨü΢аԴĦ
ǧҶǱڷϣҪǶĿƣЦһȻֵǧҶֵһƬҶ֪Ǻ⣿
ҰƬҶ˼壬һƬҶӶǲǽҶȫֵ˼
ֻƬ˼ƬҶǽǧҶȫ£֣Դ羢ǧҶӾ촷ۣһƬҶӣǼյ
գҰһбһ貵⡣
ŵǧҶֵĵڶǧҶ裬Ҷ׷ȣҲֻı仯ƬҶǴɡ似򼫸ߣЩʽϸ΢仯ҲǳǣǼķʽȥﵽǧҶľ磬Ҳֻǻȭȣ
Ұ֣صĵ˵ͷʽޱȣϵʹʽй֮޲ǷȱֻǶĿơ
ͬһʽָб仯пܲ췭ظĲ죬ȴֻΣĿȴδע⡣
뵽ҰԺֳָݻǧҶֵǼ켣ϸǼصɫ˿ҲŴϸ֣֮лпӦı仯ϵղʾ仯Ҳ޾ϸİڣ
ҰһЩֻѧϰʽˣȻЩСϸڡ
ϵһָҰϸһԼҲϵգܻϵĸã
ȵҰعŵȻѾﵽ˰Ҷ׷ɣԺϰǧҶֵʱ򣬿Գʹô羢ãĴﵽǧҶ׷ɵľ硣Ǹ۵Ḷ́ڼﵽǧҶҪ˶ãͿٴͻƵƬҶľ磡
ҰԵͷ뵽ԼǧҶֽչɵʳԼеɻ󣺡ǧҶֽչ쳣ǲǸĿйأ
üͷ΢壬չӦðֻڽӽǧҶʱŻİżʱ䣬СҰܴﵽģѵСҰѧ츳ָԭˣ
СǷҰƵӡ֮󣬾쳣ǿһ䲻ĶڶУвɵһٺ
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һҲûȻҡͷ˦ȥͷǧҶԽԽÿӼƬҶӶѣϰ֮˶ⲻ˵ѧݣΪƿ£˶ֲиĶȵ۹ˣͻˮɡ
Ұɫ΢ɻ˵Ǵˣǻиأôͻƿģ
ȻҪһŸ似˿̿⣬ķʽ飬أͻȻĳ״̬ȵȣ޾
˵һ£ĿֱӷҰһһٵĵһ֣ҲΣյһ֣Ǿĥ
ĥҰŨüǰųһĨĿĹʣ͸һ˿˿˷ܡ
ԺûɵĵһͷСӣһҲǸսӡ
˵µĴڣֻ˲䣬ŻᱬǱصĽǾ֮ϲŻﵽһľ磬ܹ似ܹٵʩչ顣
٩٩̸ȻѾ÷ҰѪгɳԽ͸ԼȥһƬԼգ
ӽԺҾɽнĥҰĵĵ
һԴϣѵСӻ治֪ԼмＸ羢ûգһؼʵʵĿ˵
ҾʵսЧҰġ
ȻܾУͷܶƽˣֱô󣬿ɲܱҰޣ
Ұǳ鴤⻰ôžôŤأ
ŸʲôȥƤˣؼƤףٰƶȥӲͣķԸ
ҰҲǿӿϰγһλεذףĽƤƶ֫ɸƤϵһ𷵻ؼС


18 ַ
ڽһʱУҰѵĸӿ̿ˣСϡķΧԽԽ㣬󼸺ľˣùͺͺġ
ڷѩĲ֢˱ѹƣһ߰˰ĻΣҲûɽżˣ󲿷ʱ䶼ڲʲôҪһͻƵ硣
Ұÿ춼Сһ𣬴Ĺд𣬻ߺգ߰ÿŻĳԣϡ͹Һһȫ󱥿ڸÿĹѵķɽͷĶմ˲ٹ⣬Ϊͻͽ
ҰСýĹȵ飬ܿͱ֪ˣ𼱻ǵĳĹУõɽȺķɽͷĶǲѡ
쳣ҵĻþԶĿɿڴһĻ
ҰǰǧҶ֣֮󣬷ѩɫվڷҰ߲ԶҲڴǧҶ֣ʽת֮쳣죬쳣ɡ
Ĵ˲·ˣѩʲôʱѧǧҶ֣ΪĹвûʲôӰ죿
һ˼άհףٸΧĻþѹþʧأҲ˹Ŀĵ㣬ô¶ѩô㾹Ȼҽ似
Ұһϵ֮󣬲ŷû뵽Ĺн̷ѩǧҶֶᱻϵŷѩС֣ٺɵЦѩ־ǿĹȶûӰ죬ĽѪⳣ걻ҩ̲ȷӵܵĶҪǿҴǧҶֺÿҪѧǲͬ⣬ʹѧˣ벻Ǳ㷢ˡ
һ˼˹ѩľѪⲢѷɫǰǼľѹסʵƣĲ֢ѹסʵƷ͹˳
־ļǿͨˣѩԿħ־ͲŹֻ֣Ҳû뵽ȻĹȶ޷Ӱ־Լ硣
ѩ˵ӣ׷ҲĹоôЦ뿪ˣùȿڵķɽͷĶһͷԵĸо
ȷҰŷѩĹгصز·ѩѩﵽ˰Ҷ׷ɵľ磬˵һ춼û£ͣרóһ̳ף£Ұϵź˼
ֱͻƵ佫硣СõɫҲԽԽãżǧҶ֣һ㷽ӵܻҪǿ˿ǰǲӣΨü仹һĨɢȥĺġ
º󣬷Ұ˵վһïʢĴ£֮ȻɣɴңҶȺ׹
տޣҰʱĸоÿһƬҶƮĹ켣ĸĵף˼˫֣ڷ䷢һƬƬҶȫ촷ۡ
ȵҰͣҶʧ϶һ촷ۣнƬҶӡ
ҰڵĴϢţ벻ϰ羢ȻʵҪôߣÿˮģʻǲǿ֪γ֣ķӦٶȴϣҲֻŰٶƬҶӣ֪ʱܹﵽǧҶľ硣
ҪǱƻ޵ݣҶӱҶӲͬסҶӣһſŰٶƬҶӣҰһ¾ˣ˵ȥ¶û˻ţ
磬ˣѩֱ˹ѹһ䣬ԱƵվԱ߹ۿ
Ұվƣ׼ȫһԣѩѣеʱ룬һ£ֻİƬҶ
Ұ沽ߣܿͽµҶ飬ڴϢš
Ұ׼һˣĸһϲĹһΣҰ˸۶ѩ֮͸Ұڣϵ൱Ĭδ˷һΡ
ҶڿбͲ֮ʱҪǿǲУڰٶƬҶӣҲǼΪѵˡ˫ֻ͡
ѩֹϵ㻹֪ҶٶƬҶˣ㻹֪Ҹ츳жҪǶȫҪﵽǧҶľˡ
ҰתͷЦЦԵõĵûƬҶ
ЦСӾͱԼˣƬҶĻǧҶ裬ھǧҶ軹Զúأ˵ƬҶľˡ
Ұѩһۣж͵ЦǧҶҲԶˣ
ֲ˷ѩһĵ˵ͷ˼䣬žŷҰСҰǰҪȥɽ𣿻ȥ׼׼Ϳȥˡ
Ұоտտ˷ܵ촽ɽе
ԣҪؼңһ
Ұ֪ϵһģֻôӦ
ֲ䷳ĸҰһЩɽҪע顣
ɽ޾Ϊ߼һڣҲֻܸ޷ͥ񣬲ȫȡûɽ쵼Ȩ
ѪۻɽΨһڣΪɲ⣬һȴŴػɽţѪۻȺһƴΣ˫ȫ˲أ˭Ҳκβ˭
ĵŰ޵ĲҲδϹֻҪֳ̫ĶѪۻһҲܲʡ
޸ռ˲򣬲һķֲɡ
ɽԣĵѪۻռݣһռ˻ɽΧŨĵ
ɽΧ򱻴ռݣеĵطγ˼ҲһЩѰʨϻҰ޳ûӰ첢
룬ԽԽϡ٣ҰҲʼһЩޡ棬Ѱ޵ĻԾѰлʦԴơ
ڻɽڶ޺УԼרֹͬѪۻءĸ֣Ҳҽɽ֮ǡ
ȻҲųо޻ɽ߳ǾֻܹԼˡ
Щ飬Ұϵ˺ܶˣȻģٴҲҴ⡣
üͷ΢΢üɫѪۻڴɽӵգǧ򲻿룡
Ұصĵ˵ͷ
ŷҰ۵С֣صĵɽУΣյĲޣ࣡
ࣿҰɻ󣬷ѩСҲ˺档
̾ϢɽҰ֮УѭǴַǿʳڴУ޸ײУЩרɽнˣײж񶾣Щ˻øʽķĽģľ轵ͣŻ㷢һ£
İɵڴУʲôˣҶᱣ־裡ҰμģⶼϵѪı飬ָʲôʱܾһ
ĵ򣬾һŴĴ֡
Ұһ֣࣬صĵ˵ͷ


19 ţС
ɽҲ֪˶£ӽﵽյĹľ̸ڣݱأ޺𲻾ڶһĵϢ
Ұһɽּ䣬Ÿϵ׼İһɵĸоߵ쳣Ѹ١
ΧĴԽԽïʢҰѾҰ޳ûĵطӰóһƿҩϣϵĶҩרõģЧ쳣ĺá
Ұ³ç֮ˣŸ߶ȵľ裬ǰ߹ɽСǰС߳ʮ·֮󣬷Ұһ޵޺
Ұ˫Ŀ⣬ϲ˷֮ɫһľڻ£ٳĵط
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ҰһϳǰͷҰޣԺиֳڿҰţϢ
ҰţҰȺе壬ϲжţǷ絶ܹײƬܲʨ
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еıǲҰ̾һοٵܵһԡ
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Ұţһδλɫ쫷ҰȵƬӶҪѷҰײ顣
ҰǧҶ֣鶯ƣƮÿζܹɵıܿ˫ƲʱĻڿҰţ׵ϡע⿴Ļܹ֣ҰÿĻλöͬ
Ҳ֪ǷҰҰţƤֲ̫ڣҰ˽Ʋһͷѵ
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ӣˣҰЦһż㣬ٵ׷ȥ
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Ұҽţһ㣬Ծ𣬱ܹ˱ѹΣգ˳ƴӿϰγλεذףԸٶȳſҰţͷϲȥ
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ذ׵ĵжû뵽ţͷ֮Уֻµ⣬ɺѪҺŰɫԽ˳ذ˳
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ҰóˮһڣٵĻָ˹ţͷȡذףţ˱İУԾʧɽ
ˮʵװںҺˮƣʱ򲹳Ұˮȡ
ҰѱжƿռеģЩ̫˵ɽжʿ˵ĴȡŶʱͻᱻע⵽ʱ»ɱ֮ҰŲ鲻Ըı˸
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Ȼ÷Ұɽĥȴģһֱڰβ汣
Ұϵβ˿֪ʱھ˴һϣһ߻ָһԺлطŸղŵսϸڡ
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ҰڷʡҳԼĲ㣬ԺƵսʱӦôβСȡĳɹ
ղǳսʱҰһɱЩţӦٶȺ͹ʽǷȱдڸĽ
Ұδʹ˻طȵָͼΧתϻԱ޶ıܿרҿҰţ֡
飡
һֻҰţȻأΧһƬǽ壬˵Ÿղڴ˴쳣ҵɱ
Ұţڳ뱳İ֮Уȵһսʱࡣ
ǷҰɱĵͷҰţսڿٵţһλ⼸εĲɱսԽԽḻ
ղɱͷҰţʱڿҰţǰ˫ոصʱ򣬻ȫ˫֣Ȼ˿ҰţȹؽϣԴ羢ҰţǰȵĹؽڣûʲôͷҰţ
ҰϾҪﵽǧҶľ磬սĥϣԸҰţҲ
ʱ䲻ˣûؼˡҰżɽĺɫϦһ첽ŻͷɽķȥӦϵҪؼңͱҪȥ


20 
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һٵҰΧһͷͻշתŲ˫紩ݺȥƮݶ鶯ʱͻĳơ
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ͻ췢һХ̱һţûйͷƵġ
ҰӿϰγһѩذףĽƤڱİС
ҰʮˣڴӦĺܿ죬ڸտʼʱԸҰţҪϱӾúԸҰţ϶ɱһ߰ͷǵİΧȦձɱ
ڸտʼļ죬ģҪÿҪؼңһڰбڼҰȺΧɱ֮ҲԼȥˣβ棬ҲҪÿ춼ؼңֻעⰲȫĥ
յͽʧɫԽԽɽҰ޵ĺҲͳȥżһҹɵļУԵôĳš
ҰȴЩǼЩҹʳޱȰĸ£
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ҰϸΧĻһԾ˫ץסһ٣һһ׳Ĵϣ˫֦㣬ͽַֿʢ֦Ҷ˸ߴ
ﻹ㲻ȴջһϰɡҰѰһĴ֦ΧЩҩۣ
Ҳϵ̵ģ˯ҩۣҹΣյĿԴ󽵵ͣΣգҲܱ֤㹻ķӦʱ䡣
ҹɫף͵¹ˮΪƬɽһĨصɫʣ·޵Զοȥ
໡
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21 նݣس
Ұֱһͷˤ˸ϡãͷһƬѪģһͷӣأŭݡ
Ҫ˵ƭ˵ģҰֵķй˺óʱһԣ˼²ƽ
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ϴջǴﵽ˽Ҳɫп˾ȵľ硣ڷҰԺ
ȣҰЩȻ
ȣδȶĲ׽κսѸݶ׼߶ľ硣
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Ұ¶ģһҪﵽ߾磬ûѹ


22 
÷ҰĲпᣬ粢Ǻƽʢһﾺ磬ʤ̭棡
Ұؿڵ˿ڰã˼ڲҺˮֽˮһЩ˿ڴɾˮе޸塣
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ǶſһڲɫĶΧٶʴɻһɫ֪Ӱ죬ڰ;оת˷򣬴һ˵߲ϣ¶һڷļݺݵҧȥ
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ҰΧûΣգҲٵȴԾȥƴƷ糯ӰĻ˹ȥ
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ҰּһԵıǣߵҲ˳ͬƿռ֮У뿪
ҰҲ룬ڸɽת˼죬ɱһͷһͷƱԼһͷرܣõһöϵһöϵһöϵ
ЩҪģ÷ҰǣӵĥǿȺͷӦٶȶõ˼ȵľ紥ʴӣϳһٶξܹһΣǸԵĽ
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һϰҰ͸о˲ԾȻ̧ͷȥһС
ֻͤͤһλŰɫȹŮüĿ续񻣬͸һĮȻʣ͸һ˿ŭ


23 ջˮ
޳ܣŮŤͷȥһƳŷҰĳڵĹһ󳹹ǵĺ⴫
ҰӺˮðͷ׼һӣȻܵһĺ⣬ӲĽһ仰ɤУ¶ȶ̹ǡ
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ŮԹȻͣסеĶԷҰĵͽӣ屩¶ڹ컯֮£ҵĵģգ㲻ã
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һۣǸŵӳ£ܷܷѩ弸λǰƲ⣬ǶԼɽԻΪＫطĿܾڻɽ֮
˵΢˶٣ŵǼжϣ֮λѪۻ̾Ի֮У
ǸѩܷܷŮɫ䣬ȻеõϢ׼ȷҲûб̫ϣȻЩǰͻԶˡҪ鷳λٲϸһЩǶ˵Ҫȥһͷˡ


24 Źֵĺ
ڿ񱩼ӿ£Ұ沨һֱˢʮز˸ϰ۵ĴڴϢֹ
뵽ղŵľҰ£ֵĵģοˣСѾͷƬӿӣ׷ɱһ·͹ˣίУ´һҪӲС
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ذײ֪ȷҰаصһذǿ˶ٱһ֪ϡвƶɵģ࣬һһӱԣǿƥ
Ұϵ˵Ҳиߵֵ֣֮ı׼似Ļֱ׼һӵ͵߷ֱΪףؽףףʥףס
ױؽױʥ׺׵ıϵҲûиϸ˵
ֻǺһеĴţ˴˵еΪи
ױͨıһ㣬ЩõķҲܹࡣ
ؽױȴܹٶȡӳɣע֮󣬻ܷӳĹЧ
ӵԣɵѪֻҪڱеӡڣ˾õ˱Ҳ޷ӳȫᱻ֪λڡ
ҰеĺɫذײûԣȴűǵԣҰΪɫذ׸мǵؽױƻǵؽױбȽϺõĶ
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Ұö룬ذ׾Ǳ׷ɱһ·ıˣҰĽذյƿռ֮СڻδͻƵ߾磬ɫذ״ϵĻ»ᶳ岻ڴпɲʲô¶
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ҰżҲ֪жԶˮƽһƽĺˮ֮С
ҰӺˮʱɫѾΧɽϡЩϤУѰΧ£Ļɽڶḷ́ԶڵİɫٲŨܵĻʯľƽ޲ˮһжôϤ
תһ룬Ұ׹һģֻص
ԭﾹȻǰǰŮĵط
뵽飬Ұо޷ƽϴ豻˿ӣ׷ɱ˽أҪˮˡ
ȻҰһˢһ»ͷ򱳺ĺˮֿԼķɻ԰ɽޱأˮƯ˼ʮ·ûмһֻޣֻϺûУȫӦð
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˵ţƿռóɣˮ˸
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ŭϵĻХȺɽ֮صɽ޶ŵûϡХǴɽңңϸȥХһѪ˥ܵĸо
ҰŻɽѪۻѪۻϵ˵ͷһˣ˭ô󵨣ڹ۶
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ҰĬƵӡҪɿʯˮ棬ͻȻһŹֵĻԺУɫıϢˮ׿ٳ֮ȵĺˮ˲ñߵľʯһ·ѣϡ
Ұʱŵûɢæɿеľʯ˫ھʯһţϷ˳ȥ
ȻǹɺɫϢԴȴҲֻҪǺɫϢմȾϣҲȻᱻ
Ұٶ£ǱϢǰ֮յĴӺϰһԾϰߵһϣϾͷһۡ
ֻԶļӶҵķˮһŨİɫˮòϢ
Ұ˿µĵǹϢûгѹˮûκǹɱĺɫϢ£κλﶼᱻɱԵֿ


25 ׶
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ȻһЩҩܹ˿ٵѰҵУ绯ܹ˿ѰڵУѹ۳УһͻƵ߾硣
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ŲеϲãҰں߶ǧҶ֣һϣǧƬҶ䡣
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һǧҶڷҰˮʩչ˿ֻҰ˫ͬҶл羢ÿһγֶһƬҶӱΪ촷ֿۣ
Ƭ̣ҰͽǧƬҶ飬ûһƬҶ
ҰղŲʱ侲ֹˣĶ̫ˣȻδȵľ磬Ҳﵽ˼붯ͬľ磬Żֽ
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ҰаȻǰŮ˾ѪۻѪۻɽе԰ŮΧˡ
飬ͲǷҰܹͽȥģ棬һͽͽȥ
ҰԾţҲûټǧҶ֣ʱŻɽĶ޺֮˼ʱŽС
գһݵĻХȻϣȴɲɽӣ·ʾʤһ㡣
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ʱЩ޵Ӻü򴫳ɽеǧ޾ûɽҵĻζɷϢϡ
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ڽӽԶʱ򣬷Ұһ𣬷ǵûиоȣܵһֱĸо
ָо̫ǷҰڻ֮УȻֻ£ȻоѣĹڸ֨죬Ƥѿˡ
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Ұг𾪣벻ں׻һڡ
˪Ʊ鲼ĻʯڣҰɵ˺ˮΧЩðź̵ĻɽлȻѹЩɽ궼ֻðźȴ緢ԭȻǱ׵һֹŹֵĺѹסˣֻðȴ޷緢
ǣ׵Ļȴδʼǹӱ֯ƣŻںγصĳ
Ұĺĳױ˳֪ʲôıܹɽӴˮ򶼿ڡ
ںĵʹ£ҰŶȥ룬еĻɫ˪ɫȡǣ׹ߡ
úɫ˪еĺɫ˿ԽԽԣɫ˿ռݵԽԽ󣬽أһ˪д󲿷ֶɫȡҲԽԽ谵
ҰԽԽ䣬úýӲľƤѿѪڣѪδͱ˱ӣֻһӼǿ־֧ǰС
ȻҰ۾ɴǰǧ
ֻǰʮһڰĽУһɵȻţӨ׵ĻתžӨĹ⻪ںڰþĶǡ


26 Ů
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Ұм֣ߣǿܳǵĺ䣬ҧŲţȴķ֣ʣ޷ﵽ
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ӺˮҰ£¶һĨϲ飬˸ղֺȽ֮ĽƤĤǿȶڵǹҲ׳ࡣ
ٶȥҪ˶ãĽ׵߾磡
ڶеһڣ̫ɽҰƣصǴɾɽ֮С
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˵ѩܷܷµϸֳһĨ̾Ϣ벻ԼջƧõطͽһǴ˼»ΪеЦɣ
ҰȻվӾտտĬƵӡĸܵĹɰڿٵĿԷ顣
ôҪ鲻˵ҰͷѩܷܷһۣԺп˼ŶԲߡ
˵˵ѩָֻܷܷ˵Į·Ѳˡ
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һĻХΧľ죬һͷȫ׵ͻԶһɽڱ쳤Хϣʵƶ䶼ɢԾɽ壬ֱҰڡ
ţһֻɫݡһͷϬţһͷëԳֱҰУ˷ܵĺųҰˡ
תķҰѩܷܷһ˿ΣϴųֻǸ⣬Լ׷ɱ˽·ֱԼ۵Ҫȥ
뵽ѩܷܷѵ̾߾綼δﵽҵҲĴûˣ벻һ𡭡
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֣һǧʯסʹ̵Ծѩܷܷϴһס
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ˮ潦ɸߵˮҰѩܷܷʧˮ棬ͽͷںߺвֹǻȥ
˵Ľ䣬ΧˮԽԽߣѩܷܷɫҲԽԽ԰ףϵϢԽԽ΢
ĹƫˣľֻȵĻѩϼ˪еıŵһٵţʶ״̬
Ұۼѩܷܷ˫Ŀգ˿΢һҲ˹ͷѩܷܷ۵ĺ촽ϣе˹ȥ
ѩܷܷʶĽ£컸о÷ҰʧأæѹѩܷܷǱ
ѩܷܷʶ˫΢΢Ұ˫۾ߣ˫Ұţ˫ȻɴԴʹŷҰҪӷҰѡ
ϧûаƲҰᶼ
ͷţڷҰҪ˿ڣѩܷܷϢҲḡˮ汻ɱ
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ѩܷܷͷһѣҲ˹ҰڸȻϢˡ
Ȼ׷Ұھѩܷܷɸеί֡һֱǱ࣬Сֶûб˵Ǳ§ڻԵˣŭίͬʱһ˿ĸо
ҰѩܷܷǱܿ͵ǴɫĶڣɿʯѩܷܷ붴С


27 
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ѩܷܷ۾΢΢죬ӣС˭ûռұˡ
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ҰĽпƤҧˣأѪ˻˻ˣˣˣҪίҸ𻹲𣿡
ѩܷܷʯڣŷҰһ͸оԣ仰ڵЩɫ΢΢һ˿ΣŤͷȥҿ
ѩܷܷ·ȫʪ͸ˣǡùճ͹µߣҰ㶵ĿеͺΣƳˡ
ѩܷܷɫԽԽ죬һŭĵʲô⻵
ҰعҽзҰл
ѩܷܷ뵽ںˮз飬ҰϵϢԼڴصеί֣ʲô㶼ǻ
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ѩܷܷһȵ˵ʲô
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ѩܷܷȻһԾ𣬿̫ˣվȥ÷Ұۼֿ죬סˣûĵӹǶˣʲôܣ
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ѩܷܷ¶һĨɬЦݣ̾ϢƶûĻȷʵκ˶ܹõģͨ˵õĻһЩֻڵ״̬˼ûκλ῿
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ҰĵЦˣ˫ְѩܷܷϣҰĶĽգĵ˵ûҵͬ⣬˭ҲǿٻָΪҾָ
ѩܷܷü΢ЦðοˣֿٻָΪĵҩҪ⻵ôܻУ
ҰӱİóǸˮ˹ȥĵںߵʱҾˣ㲻Ҫͻָˣ
ʥҩѩֽܷܷӹˮɣԲôš
ѩܷܷšˮڵӣһɵζе쳣ʣɵþŨˮ
Ұ΢оȣû뵽ѩܷܷſھ͵ˮа԰οţҿûҺҰҲ֪ôˡ
˰ɣҰЩ⡣
ѩܷܷü΢ˮȻ̺ŲҪڼʱһָϣ²ܰɣ
Բ֪ˣҰš
ѩܷܷˮ뵽ǷҰȹģɫ仹Щ
Ұ뷨ѵǵʱɲˣ˵ղˮѾ
˵ˣΪ⻵ʹȷҰ꣬ѩܷܷʹſ̴ڣˮ
ʮˮ¶ǣѩܷܷԸоڵڿٻָţʱڵȻָ߰˳ɣѩܷܷе쳣ľȡ
ҰιˣϽˮ˿ǧ°̺ۣҪǲĻҿԴ͡
ҪҿҾͰ㶳ɱ飡ѩܷܷһŽҰ˸ͷɷ
Ұһ죬ֹŮ˷ȷ黹죬ȴٿָΪѩܷܷ治ܹӦ˵ġ
ѩܷܷ۳һƬǽ֮䣬˷ҰҰ÷Ұеֵź
ǽһഫOO@@Ƭ֮󣬱ǽʧѩܷܷŵľǰʪ͸ѾȫˣҲѪɫ󣬵ЦŷҰˮЧõģ˿Ƭ̾ȫ޸ˣһ˿̺۶δ£ɲһŶ
Ұ﷢ëæ˰֣ܴ󷽵ĵϲĻ͸ˣ
ҾͲˣѩܷܷһˮѾʧ뵽˴ռ֮С
ѩܷܷŷҰ΢΢ЦЦιιģҽѩܷܷ
ѩܷܷҰظһ䣬ǲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
߰ɣȥȡѩܷܷȳȥָΪָֻ֮䵭Ȼʡ
˵ʲô֮Ұﲻʵľ
ѩܷܷ渵ᵽҪ˽顣ʱ򣬸汾Դûǧ̬顣ַΪ컯飬Ŷصʺ͹Чÿһž춯ص
ҰȫֿԽԽŨıϢüë϶һ㱡ı˪˸ս׷ʵ컯ʲô
컯൱Ĵڣÿһֶв˼Чãȷ˵Щˮϵ컯ЩˮһϲͨķϲıˮţѩܷܷЦӯӯְڷҰģҰٸдӱһһȦڵĺߡ
ȵѩܷܷ֣ǹȻζܵıѾûӰ졣
ȻǺöҰ˫Ŀĵ˵ͷʵѩ岢ǻɽеˣô֪
ѩܷܷЦ͵֪ʱ⽵ſ챮Ρڸ½ͺУؼĶʮʮ컯飬˳֮Ϊ񡣡
鱻֮Ӧ־ͻù⻪龭޾ۣ֮Ӧֻٴ𡣡
ڶʮλĺ˪Ӱ޾ǰǰֹ⻪ŷѰ䡣
еļλǰһЩֻƬܼƶϣ˪Ӱп⴦ɽ֮УҲŻ벻Ǻ˪Ӱ
ҰԵͷѩܷܷԵЩϢΧԽԽˣѩܷܷڵǹϢ֧ţҰҲһּĸо
Ұߵѣ߶µĵôϢǱģ㵹Ǻ䣬Ҳֻ֮Ҫǧȡ
ѩܷܷЦٻĿⷽҰҰһϢҰڵĺĵȻѾˣһȥɣҲûǺ˪ӰǧĻԼժС


28 һʣ
˵룬Χʯϵ˪ƽıɫȡɫ˪ҲԽԽܼеĹҲԽԽ谵
˺ܿǧλãѩܷܷӦҰҲܹǿֵסܵĺ⣬ֽӨȻǧժ
ǧǣУȴñһĸоһƵġ
н谵ʯϵ˪ҲȻıţú˪״ľ󲿷ֶɫȡֻʣ˪ƵıԵλ˸ӨӨ׹⣬һ￴ʸо
תһǰѩܷܷȻͣסˣ˳ĿȥҰҲ׵סˡ
ǰһɴСľ޴ռ䣬ϳ˴ССѺۣ֪ͨԶǽĵطֻеһͨ
ռв˸ӫĺɫ˪ƣ飬һʽŵĺɫ룬ʽһ壬ڵĽϲʱһ˪״Өɫ⻪ԼֳѩصӰ
ڿǱʱ򣬷·ΧĳȫʧˣֻʣǱɫĸоܹ궳Ƶġ
˪Ӱ
ﬣ
Ȼ˪Ӱӽе˰磬¶ĽϿʼӿһ̹ǵĺɫϢ
ҰʱŵûɢǾɽˮĺɫȥշ񽣣
ѩܷܷҲҵҰڴһϢ֮󣬾ͻһ׺磬ٵĳ嵽ɫϣüϵѩӡǸ֣ɢһɱǿϢס˽
ѩܷܷסһ˲䣬·綼ֹѩܷܷ۾ֹ
Ұаɻǽˮеʱ峿ڵʱʱֻһʱң⺮ô籬ˣѵƲˣ
֪˶ãѩܷܷˢ˫з·޾ĺ縡֣΢Ǳһһİ˳
ˢ
ʵʱ򣬷Ұϴһö죬žͼһīĺϯ˷
ҰʧɫǺɫǰʱ򣬾ȻΪɴ˹ȥ˿
ֻǺɫ֮Ѿѵĵѿĸʯϵ˪ƸӵܼɫܵͨԶ
䣡
һʱ䣬ɽеˮȫ˽ɸߵˮˣɫӸг𣬽Ӱߵﶼɱɫ̶ϯ˷ɺڱףΪеĻʯľ϶һ㵭İɫ˪
һʣ
ɫɽڣɢȻڽ鶼Ҳ鶼Ĵ˸
ߵĴ׵壬ù֨죬ȫЩˣҪǶĿ죬ٻˡ
µĿźܺѸɢĺɫ㲻ʲô飬Ϊ׹׵ӦͶ˱ҲȺ򣬸Էء
𡭡
ɽԻϣһͷɴС쳤Хݵɽһɫۼףӳչ˸۵ĹâһѪɫᣬѪɿ䣬һشػǵصϯ·ΧնյŤ
ǻɽİѪۻ
ʱѪۻĻĿɵķҲʲô顣
ڻɽһɽУǸŰ۵ˢ˫ۣ˫Ŀг˾ϲɻؿѪ˿߳ɽܱ˪ѩȾ׵磬⣡˪ӰȻϣǱ˵õˡ
ط⼸ѩҲϲ֣ѾĬĬǱ˵õ񽣡
飡һҪ׷ʲô£ɽΧһڵϴһϵʮǿϢֱɽ
ɽɽȻ˴£ֵܹģüӵѸٻκ˶ͷɽϣ峤׺ͼλһ
ȥȮӴҴҵĳţɽȥ
мҲæȥѰԼҺӡ
ͬʱɽҲ˲ͬķӦе˽ɽ̽ϢеķɽеĬĬɽˡ
˰ʱǹɱĺɫȥҰеܵĺҲʧ˴룬ѩֳֳܷܷõǰͣɫʥţһѩŮ
Ұǰȥһɫĳϲ˸Ӷµ֯ı˪״ʱ˸ʵӰǡ
ѩܷܷϸһˢһ½Żص֮УǺ˪Ӱˮѩܷܷ֮УһСĽӡǣ̶ʧ
ҰȻɴ۾ֲԾ£Բ²⣬ѵڵСҲ
뵽ҰɵٺɵЦ
ҵ񽣣ɵЦʲôѩܷܷߡ
ҰٺЦ˰ˣ˪Ӱû鰡
飿ѩܷܷüϵҡͷûУƱʱ򡣼˻޵깲ͬƣŻ飬УҲдС֮֡ǣس֮ʱıԴκж֣ҲֻܹͨС
ҰǱ˵ͷһˮЩҵ׷ʵУûж͵
ѩܷܷ񽣣ҲĺãЦŵһϧ޾ǰˣô⣿
ҰлɻȴʣڵҶȤһҳʦȥŪ͵
ѩܷܷЦɲ˭ģûʦָûгǿľû޾ҩʵ飬޷Ϊʦ
Ҳһ˵ˣ⺮˪ӰôˣҰʼ磬תƻ⡣
ѩܷܷЩεĵеĳƶϣӦûＫطĵطǾҵǿԻ룬ȻüرѪۻȴСˣ˸ܾˣرˡ׷ɱǵˣǵ˱ȷɢˣٺҾˡ
Ұɵ࣬ѪۻǻʵڣѩܷܷȻͷϣ˳ˣǿס
ѩܷܷ֪ͨѨȻԭˣֻ¶һ룬ѹŪ˵ط
˻Ұ档
ѩܷܷ˵ɽеĴ󲿷ˮ֮λãڶˮ򽻻ĵطֻ֮³񽣻֮ĵطȴû뵽ڵĵطء㣬ǻҲ
ҰǧڰУЦõͺãǻǴƬˮȥҲ֪Ǽͷڲߣ
Ӧñ񽣳ʵƸ˰ɣ߰ɡѩܷܷȳ·˹ȥ
ڶ߿ڣѩֻܷܷһȦİɫĻǶڣõܵˮ޷һȥ
ӽʱǲδӦϢӺˮһںߡ
ҰӭһڣŽٺŨüһգգѩܷܷš
״ϷԵ
Ҳһ
ȡ񽣡
ֻصжЩĸо˵Щʲôֲ֪˵ʲôãͬʱĬ
֮ѩܷܷѾ֣Ҫˡ
Ұ죬ֱˣ˺һŵͳĵʱټ
ѩܷܷ̾һƵĵҲ½ˣټĻãҲҲˡ
Ұ˼ѿڶһȥģ
ѩܷܷһĨɫŬаɣ޾Ƭ½ӱʱ򣬻ǻ
Ұг˼ᶨͳĵһģĺǣҶҵ㣡ң
ѩܷܷ΢΢ף˷ҰһۣͷҲصתȥһӰʧԶ
ѩܷܷʧķ򣬷ҰȻʧ
ûãͼԶһɫʻΪһɫѩɽлԶĴХѩĵطٻȥ
ҰףѩܷܷźżͬϺͻֱӷص֪Ҫȵˡ


29 ɱ¾
̾һҰʰʧ飬ɽǰ
ŶʯǱסȸĺɫذףҰ΢΢ְºɫذףóƿռеһɫذףذײУ뵽⼸ĵεΣɵóˡ
֮󣬷Ұҡͷ˦ȥԺзӵͷô˵ʵǵ֮
£ҰԭǱذöȸǱɫذ׽ȸʣõһöӨӨʮӲɫ
ȸʦҲڶҰԸо̺һǿ࣬͸һɹĸо
ҰڰһЩͨ޵Ƥǵذסͬǧﶼƿռ֮У֮䷢žڵ׳ࡣ
˪Ӱѱȡߣɽı˪ҲڻˣҶһƬԴ䣬ɽָֻղŷһƬξƵġ
ء
ã޺Զ𣬸Զܹоһ˿΢
ںսҰ΢˰ζûпǹɺɫҰ΢ģ﷢飬ٳŻͷɽķȥ
ڴжʮˣʱ򻹲ʲôһ뵽Ҫؼңоͽ޲òϳɻؼС
ҰڴڿԾʱ֦ż⣬ʱץסƮʱʯ±ϽٳŻͷɽķƶš
ȻҰɫ΢䣬Ʈ֮ɵһ׳֦ϣӰףɨɨȥ
ڸղţԼоһ޵ǿϢڵһʱϢӦһе׼
ףСӣӦͦݵ𣿡һһɫ۵ߴһʯ˳ؿ˿һȼյĻ棬߰΢΢Щȡ
ԭһڵǰҰЦŹ˹֡
ߵͷһ񣬸߸ϵĵĸģʲôˣ
Ұ²ϲϲɫĵǷҵˣɽһǰûµĻ͸ˡ
ߵü΢ĵƢͦһ֪Ͼͣ𣿡
˵ţ߻ͷųһǿƣ˳ŷҰϮΧľ˿ľҶӡ
ҰаŭȴҲ֪ԼԶԶߵĶ֣ǴУһ˶ԷĺԼ֪ǿɾԩˡ
£ҰֻĵǰʲôԸ
¶һ˿ı飬ߵɫ治֪ߵغˣҪɽ飬֪Ϊλ
ʵҲûб̫ϣһɳô˶ûҵκɽǿǷ˼γͻ
ֻ˸߸ϵϰߣһСˣǾøһȣڳ̬߰÷Ұ۷
֪Ұؾ쳣ɴࡣ
ߵ˸һ˿ĹĵСӣҷң
Ұ䵭ĵɽɽзĲ
ǴɽģȻ֪Щʲôһһڣһڵû˵ʵģһЦϵƶŷҰģһǿ˲д۳һֻƣٵĳŷҰĻ˹ȥ
佫ҰͫȻ֪˫ľҲԴУ汻ϼһܻһڣɾȫ֮ˡ
Ұŭһ¶Ȼ㼱ٵˡ
ϧߵľ̫ˣֻƺܿͽۿҪӡڷҰϡ
飡
һӰͻأĳڷҰǰֻֽ飬ڳУԨsߣĵ֪ȮӷʲôҪͷԶ֣
ҰϲĽ˳
ǷӼмҴҵĸ˹ǡ߶ԷҰ֣ԥĽߵĹҰεĻ
ϵǰҰȫһůϵһԶᵹɽֻҪϵڣʲôⶼ⡣
Ƿ֣΢΢ЦԭСӣɽ⣬Ѱԭ򣬲ɣǡ֪Щʲô׼ʡ
Ұ֪Բܳϣŭȵ˵˵ֻɽּûнɽô֪ʲô£
ĵ̧̫ȮˣǵΪɽͳ޵Ŀˣسϴ˰ɡ
ճߵüɭȻЦǵΪڵͼŵϺţڸ߼иͲʲô̫Լ¶ҪôӸһˣҪôҰǸӶһȥ
㻹붯ֲɣĮϿʲô顣
߳ӿһۻ䱳۳һ԰͸Ļɫ˫ᣬɿͷųһ쳣ǿϢضЦѾͬˣǸӶ˶ҵһһɣ
佫ԲҰа
ɫȻûκβĵѹôţԭͻˣҪĪеǸӴһڣ浱ǸӺ۸ɣ
ʵһ۸ˣŵĿЦţ˫һչӿȵǿƵĽ˶ڡ
һâͬ۳һ԰͸Ļɫȶ䣬˾˳ȥֱϮ
Ҳ佫ԲɫЦͻˣҲҶ
˵ţɢƸǿˣۻĻɫ͸˫лΪֻףſѪҧӴƽܵľöᣬҶƬ
䣡
ڰɫͬˮһ˷ɽʯľƷ˳ȥ
ŵŵš
ʮײһ޴ʯϣʯУ۵һѪɫɷֽǵǾӵָŷѵĵ
˫ŷһմؾٴε˫ɱȻ˸Żɫĳ˹ȥ
ŵûɢſھһڳϣɱң֪ᶨѪϴǷ
飡
Į֣Դ˸ϡãִһŻ棬ʬ׶ճɻҽֻֽԱߵĿ֦Ҷɢڸղսĵط
תۼͻʬ𼣵ĸɸɾûκκۼ
Ұʹգ۾ûعӣϵɱ¾Ƭ֮óʧӰ٣Ļʬ𼣣÷Ұɵð⣬ѵ˼ǰô
һд׵Ұɫ糣а̾ϢһСҲûپѪȣѾϰΪˣҲãӦѪȵ硣
ϸ´·Ұܵ˷Ұһ޵ɷӵ÷Ұ࣬ȻͷЩûٸҰɱ飬̣޿̣նݳº󻼣
Ұ˵ͷֳɵһһڵĳϣɱ᲻ʲô⣿
ƽĵɽֵΪŹ֣һɳ˲٣Ҳɽּ̽Ϣǿ޷ͻģҲңҼȻѾɱͿ϶ֶνɱκй¶ϢĻᣡסʨӲȫκʱ򶼲ɴ⣡
Ұ֣صĵͷԼ͵飬Ȼӡ̡
룬ѵ췢飬˵飬ؼҲҪҽ
İɵҰˬʵĴӦš
߰ɣССڴ̽Ϣɽɲ̫ƽ飬ؼ˵ڷҰҸ£ɿű˫һͷɽȥ


30 ⲡΣ
ɽˮٵĵˣҰϵʵһѷĸоܿ˻ͷɽ¡
̫ڽӽͷɽʱ򣬾ͽ𱳺Ļɫ˫Ұ˲ͷɽ
ڽӽɽµʱ򣬷ҰͿСúڵȺڻͷɽ£ǻ˵һ·С˹
ףСáҰЦŴ˸кѩɫɫ˺ܶ࣬۶ˡ
ͺãȻؼ˵˿кҰ˻ؼҡ
ؼУͿʼҰڻɽ̣ѩҲһߺг˺档
ҰԵĽڻɽľĴ󲿷ֶҰս飬ڸս飬ᶼûᣬǲҪԼĺҲûü˵ġ
ҰľҲ÷ѩҲǳԾֻϵɫ糣
Ҳ汼ΣձȷҰҪö࣬Ҳ׷Ұ϶ʲôû׷ʣΪǰ֮ҲһЩյĲ֣뱻˵ġ
Ұ˵ѩüȥ˼һɵĵǰҶ˸صˡ
ʲôˣЩȣ֪Ұ˵Ĳǳгơ
Ұɷµĵһ뷢԰׵ߣԳʦ˵츳ãҪΪͽ
ʦݣ˵ǿ뵽ҰȻгΪʦ츳ϸϲĪ
񼤶ʵǼƷʦûаʦ
ѩźĴ۾ŷҰҲһЩʦǶʦĸ˽⣬ֻһ
Ұģںߣˣûң˼ӦƷͣҿôг⣬ҾǿӦˡ
Ȼʦ֮ҲڷëǰĴڣȴôطҰ츳Ǿ˵Ұ츳ĲС
˲Լͬ˷ҰĹȣ»ȻΪҰľ쳣ǿȥʦٺʲˣа淽Ұˡ
ûʲôţʲôʵ˵ϡ
ҰεĵҲ֪ţ֪ֻҳƺΪʦ˼Һ飬ҴҴҼһ뿪ˣûнʲô˵Ҵﵽ߾ңָҡ
ͷ޵¶ţǰ˵ķ緶ͻƵ߾ҲԣΨͻƵ߾磬ܹؼͨҲ׵¾ǲһ㡣
Ұһٺû뵽ԼںߵĻϵоȻȻҲãĻͺ˵ˡ
Ұ£ͷŷѩҰѩĲ֢ʦˡ
ôЩȴ֪ŵĶŷҰ
ѩڿ볣죬üȴʼһľ˵ڲٳʹ֮࣬Ҳֻ档
ϵҲԾ£Ȼһδȴͬ뷽ҰӣʾҲƽ
ѩǵɴ۾ŷҰڵĸоܹ࣬һˣֻÿϵʱǸо˯ҲǳĻһ˯𣬻üġ
ҰӿֳһĨ˵ɫʦ˵ѩֲֿ֮ాʮ꣬Ѿ;ƿݵĵزҪЩ鷳
ҰԽԵһͨ˵˳ҪСãЩҪ֪ڶƵǸصĲ֪ϡ
Щ鷳Ҳ˵ΣȻվϳϲõЦݣ峺Լһ˿ˮ
˫һ⣬ĴЦ·Ҫѻʮķ֮ȫйƵġ
ô˶ڷѩĲ֢޲ߣͿŷɽвɼҩ﷽ѩ
ѩľҵٶҩҲ޼£ֻʣ²벻ʱȻ˵Σ
ѩСҲϲ۾Ц״κ˲˾Ҳ쵣ˣҲǳġ
Ц˰ΣҰ˵Щ鷳ʵСҰʦ˵Щ鷳ʲô¶
Ұ£ʦ˵ҩҺϧҩЧ̫ԵҪѩĲҪҵľˮǧҩкͣԳ֣ѩȬȬ֮ѩʱȳ˻ʺС
ǧҩҪԵģ񶼵һ
ҳǧҩ̫ѣҵļҲǿóǷҵǧҩڻԵģҪԵǧҩҪڴ룬治Ǽ׵顣
ҰЩΪѵĵʦѲԵǧҩֻܿԼѰˡŶˣʦ˵յõһǧҵǧҩˡ
ǧյõģһ䣬˫ĵɽмбԵҩʦڲǰõǧѵǱĶģ
ҰȻ벻ϵĶôǿƾֻƬƲĲ࣬ǧĶͬһϵΪϵ
룬ҰɲҳϣñϵʳѩܷܷæҲ˼Ҳû˵
ܷҰʸڷϣҲѾ϶ĶҰʦйأд󶨣ϵĵˮϵҩУллϵǧҩҾͻȥҪһ꣬Ǿֻʣ½ϵľϵϵǧҩˡѾɽҪڼҩҲǲܣ
˵꣬վҪȥҳź峤
Ұæס׵ĹϵͣȥҲԵõһҾǼԣ˵ϻóһöǧߣŬŬȡĽöǧ
ȵŷҰɵǧֻеһܹõаգ
ҰֱŷĿ⣬Цô֪УҪеĻȥҳҪҲ٣ѩĲ֢ܹѹסҲһʱ
ܸɴĵ˵ͷԸ¾ͶЩҾٽһֵؽ׳似Ȼлᣬ;ȡ
Ұһ֣벻ϵһԼѧϰһµ似һǵؽ׵似붼˷ܡ
ף磬ôˣѩۼ⣬ڷҰʱ򿴵촽˺ۡ
Ұɿ΢죬ڵǰɽˤһӣײʯͷˡ
˵꣬ҰҲƵĴܻԼȥˣѩͷԡ


31 ױ
峿뵣лһ˿⣬ҶϡСվˣǷҰͷ
ֶ٩٩̸Ҫ似Ϊױǵؽ׳似ɣ˿ڵؽ׸߼似
ȵؽ׸߼似Ұ񷢹⣬ǧҶַ׸߼似ܱÿȵؽ似ױļٸ£ܹ似
ױǰߣھ֮ڶ˵Уʱȫʩչߵ⣬ǷѧǧҶ֣ԾĿѾúܺãڸụҲһЩĵãϰ似׵Ķˡ
Ұͷ벻ϵǧҶҲԤıģѭ򽥽Ľ̵ϵӵˣ̵
ױΣһܹھӳԼһڶܹھܹܷӳֲҲˣϾڵȹҪĶࡣ
˵꣬ȭԱһڴϸľϣڽӴɵʱȭͷϵľ·ȫȻʧƵģľû
ҰȻĿ⣬ȻһЦҰʾȥɿ
Ұɵǰȥַϣ΢һϰɾͿʼҵҡ֨죬ȻǰȥƬ
Ұ㵵ŵصɣϳ˲ţԼʲôʱֱˣ
ָɶѴԼ
Ұǰȥɵð˿ҺֻѴľмڲά֮ǰѾȫ飬ֻʣƤš
ڲ
ǿҰ£˫ĿȻ
ͷúѧŵױ˵һȭָȭ⡢ϥȡŵȲλȫɷͰԵ˷ʤױڻ𾢣۳Уɱǿ
͸ҰʾױʽԼ仯ʱʱͻʳÿһÿһʽڸʽÿһеֱƵᣬȴһڣѶϣʵ⻹
ŷʾҰһȣԺֳָɫ˿ߣ·ŴĹ켣ţȻȻһָͶԵĸо
Ұ׼˿ߵĴϸٶȡй켣ϸԺطӳԼƶŴС
УҰǿҽѵĳݻΪں˱ըĺ嫳棬ϸЩȻʧٴλΪǼµ˿ߣʧ
ȻױҪļߣھĿҲкܸߵҪױʽȴǧҶҪĶ࣬һ飬Ұͳ׼סˡ
أЩţ÷Ұ
ҰվڳУױʽһһ۵Ĵ˳Ժ˿ߵָҰھҲЩĵã硣
΢΢üͷҰĸ̵΢Щ룬ҪֹҰͣ£ڻｫҪڵʱͣ
֣ҰȭȻЩɬǶԾ쳣ľ΢ȻܹҰȭһǳɵĻӳԻԼղŴǿ
ɫ쳣Ź֣ʮȷҰǽſʼӴױ似ģνӴܽ似÷Ҳ벻ףֻܹᵽѧ츳ϡ
ȵҰһȭ꣬ϵþòҲЩױϣ뾢ȵľЩ֮ͬղŽͶ뵽似ױУоˮʹ˾ȵľ磡
ǿѹסеϲĵױҽģкܴ𣬵ô¶
Ұ˼תɵҲֻǰԼĸоģҸо󡭡
Ұû꣬͹Ц벻ҶӾȻǸѧţƾԼĸоܹ似ӳѹʦҪΪͽǳ
Ұ˿ϵû׷ʾͺãȻľҪȥ治ס
Ȼѧ˵츳ҲԲԴҪ֪޾ʸߵ˲֪ж٣̤̤ʵʵ׻׻̵
ҰΪȻĵͷĲ˵ѩܷܷͱΪ̫࣬÷Ұ˿ҵ
ȻҰԺ似ݻ켣ҪóһЩϣкܴǷȱʱ֪ٶǿóȫǻ¶Ұϵ̡
ԼĶӿɲ˽ָղŴȭھѾﵽ˺ܸߵĵزʽҲʮ־ڴ󲿷ʱѵȴϽ࣬޷ӳ̫ȭ֮Щɬ
Ұ˼ĵ˵ͷϰȵľʱҲһɬĸоɻҲ⣬ѵǿȸ𣿡
ҡͷǿֻһ棬ҪĻʽȱһơ
ƣҰ⡣
ңָԶһƵĴɽɽΡۻ룬Ϊ߱һִƣӱӿҲΪһִƣνɽƣư磡ҲһЩվͬԨsеһеΧΪһ壬ⶼƵܹ֡һľ֧Σ¥ǧ
Ұľϵⷬǽѧһ֮С
ָҪױ似ؼָƣҪγƣҪһ޵е⵽շģһ־Ʋɵ
Ұ΢ûиǿľ磿
ЦСӵĻߣٸߵľ磬Ǿֻд˵еľȵľˣһӣзӦתͿӦ
Ұ˫۷Źĵ˾ȵľ磬ͬ޵ˣ
Ц־󣬾һӶ޷־磬Щ˵ĻãһҲֻܽһΡ־磬ǿûģؼǿԡ־磬Ҳܹѹƾ֮ͬˣǾʵ̫࣬Ϊ似ȵȣҪͬ޵Уô׵顣
ʱУ÷Ұϰ˼ΣһָһЩɣԼľ׼÷Ұ٣ھлգԼڲھֻǻ޷ھһʧ
ѹһҪ㣬뽫ٶպãܹھ֪Ĵڡ䷳Ľ̵
ҰһϵĽ̵һͷзӳ˿ߵй켣ܿױľ裬ȴʼ޷ھ޵еƣͷԣֻԺˡ
˿ߵй켣ָҰױʽĵãһ仰Ҳ÷éٿ˶Ķࡣ
ʱϰھһֱڳײ÷ҰĽƤĤһʹУϻӺ꣬ڴϢѡ
ױǿҪ̫ߣռۣȥͻܲסģ͵ΪֹɡԸ
ҰǿڵĲʣЦҸоܽھˣȻȥɣԾͻؼңġ
ʶĻɵ뵽˵ҰϰǧҶֵʱ֪ҰӾǿٴһ䲻ܹϰת뿪ˡ
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СӣȻ칦ܴھˣ治ѧţ
ҰƤѵһ飬΢΢£ɫϲڽھȥˡ
Ȼֻ˿ƤҰţҪ˶ãҲܸƤڲά


32 
ױ
ϡСһҰͻʳƵԾһȭһڴϸĴϡ
飡
һ촫ҵҡһ֦ҶֻƤȴ˿δ𻵡
ҰŨü΢ȵ
֨ҡεĸӾˣһĶѵ죬ϰشȻ˵ϣһƬ
ױһ㣬ˣҰ¶һĨϲЦݣױھ߱һЩ͵ƣҲܹڲƤ£ھ֮ˡ
ױһĹҲǳ⣬ɱ޴
ҰڵԽԽ׳ʱӯһֱ͸Уףʱʼˣ
ҰûϽͻƣÿĶǿȽÿһǧҶױָ͵似ʱ󲿷ʱ䶼ǶŹƵӡĽ״̬ѡ
󣬷ҰһĹǱ̶ߣϥһʯϣصƵӡԺҰ֮
ڷҰ£Ľ֮䷢һžĴ죬ڵǰδе׳䵽ڵÿһѪ֮УһʹУһּըĸо
ҰѾٽ㣬ֽڵͨһ壬ʶĽڵ紦ĵѹ
ڵɢҶɵģܵҰѹȣܵĿʼ˷ڷҰھҵķţײڵĽǶʹ顣
ҰľƵӡӳ֮쳣ǿǲĽƵģǿɢƵ۳һɣһ֧ҵľһ㣬ݿĽʣͬȻ֮С
ҰǿľԵезѹ۳ȭͷСʱ򣬾̲ˡ
Ұ˫ĿգҧĬƵӡȫľ˳ŵ̲Ұѹȥ
أ
һͳ𣬷Ұоһǰδеǿо
Ұ뵤֮УһΡԼĵһλðлתţǻɫΧͽΪɫΧ״ɫţ·ʱ̴ľӡ
Ұ΢ɫתٶȼӿؼľɵУһһǼ䣬˿˿ɫɢ֫ٺ
ɫ֮һڻĸʡ
ҰľǿĿеÿһתΧɫŶ΢ɼһЩ
Ұϵ˵ȵʱͻԶྭȵྭȫͨǽ뵽ڡ
ҰڵߣһѵǺ֮
֮󣬷ҰŽ룬յ˫۶Ȼ˫Ŀ˸ɫ⻪³һϷ·һĨӨĹʡ
ǿҰ쳣⣬ûнͻƵ߾磬˵ͻʱкܴʧܣͻ֮󣬸ȽͻƵ˸ʵ
Ұ̧֣΢Ͼͷһɫ⻪ӨӨ̺һɿֲ
ϴôͻˣϤڷҰԺ
Ұϲĵ飬ѹˣ
ڻɽУŻҰڻ飬лǷǳмģܹѹҲʮֵĸˡ
ǵģϴͻƵ߾磬Ҳŵ˲ٺôѾܹûһЩˡϴ󣬿˰Ҫˣ˷ܵզһҰ͸еһȣӡǸ֣ţӶӡдܳһɫӰڷҰǰ
ϸȥҰ˫۶Ȼɴֻǰһͷ׳Ļɫǣа˸ߣһɫëûһ˿ɫĵ̱ʯ˸ԵĹ
ǻ飿ҰʱɵˣǰѾ֪ķΧ
µŤŤƨɣΧŷҰ˼Ȧת㶵ķҰǰĵ¶һ˿Ц⣬ſ¶źİһҰԺٴ˻ûң
Ұ㵵ŴָͣǰľǣͰ͵ĵ㣬㣬һǣ
¶һĨԻı飬΢΢һڷҰԺ𣺡ҲǸ˵𣿵ʵǿˣҶܻûﵽ߾磬㱾ƫľԣҲֻܻûľԵһ޵̬Щ̬̫ܵˣҾͻû˻ǵ̬
ѵСӲ˵󻰣Ұпϲޱȣô˵Ļ൱ЯŸȼһսޣ
ĵȻģؼҪʵСһ޵״̬治ܽ㻹üͻưٸһЩͿԿˡһޣ𾳽磬ֱӿˡ
𡭡ҰһڸͻƵ߾磬𾳽绹ʦ佫⼸󾳽磬ҪͻƵ𾳽磬֪²ܹ쵽ˡ
鶶˶ëֵɵĵϴ˵갡޿Եľ磬ҸǿɲͬҪ˶þͿԿˡ
ҰµĶŻ׿ȥüŪ۵ĵôҿ
ĵ¶һ˿ΣΪʱܹİʵôÿֻܱ仯һ̬Ҫ뿴ı仯ɡ
ҰֻգҪ鶪ƿռ֮С
æϴ󣬱ô꣬Һò׳һΣҺúõĺʿٿʵ簡
Ұûĵڷҵĵ̣һޣֻҪһ¶ͷ϶ͻᱻ˵޸ɵ
˵˵Ұǲͬ⣬Ļᱻɱ
֮£ֻõһû֮ҵʶ»ص֮У˯ͻƵ¸磬һٴξѵġ
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ĻϲĴӦǺҰһŻȥˡòܳ͸͸Ҳճͱ˸ɵ
Ұٴ˻һСıС÷ѩΪЩСĹ׽㣬ðȻײĻ˵
ӦһƵ˵Ǹˮ̶Уˮȥ
Ұ㣬ٹܻ飬ת뿪


33 ָ㷽ɽ
ҰĹгʱǡĹķɽӵĴɽԵøӵĽ׳ˣվһһ㣬˱ըԵ
ҰþûˣʮǼˣôˣɽЦӭŷҰк
ҰЦŻӦаɣһڣ
ɽЦ˵ñүүһЩҩһֱҩУûʱóʱ䶼һˡŪ𣿡
Ұ˳ֵݹȥһ𣬵Цصкܶ࣬ðײãҩʹĶࡣ
ɽҲֽӹ𣬵˵ǰȥɽȥˣЩ춼ѩǴҲ˲ٺôΪĺܿ졣⵹ӵܶۺ죬˶ȥĹϧ޷ﵽǧɿ⣬Ҳû취׽նɢȥˡ
ҰͷĹеĻþ̫ˣҵȼԽߣĻþԽǿһܹﵽġˣϰôˣ
ɽüŪ۵ЦȳǿһЩѾܹ뵽˰⣬Ҳܹ뵽⣬ҾʽĥҵľҲǿ࣬Ӿࡣ
ЧҰЦ
ɽ˵ͷ΢£ļӵܶ޷׽𣬷ǿѩı𣬶ҺͷĴˡ
ѩû飬ǷƳûУҰк˸͸һɷ÷ɽԾĴ˸
ѩûҰ֪顣
ѩӵĶҲﵽͽڣǧҶҲƬҶӣƲ֣ƾŷһѩĶ֡
ɽаҰɢɷһַǳΣյĸоһͷ˶ɵƵġ
ҰѯʣɽҡͷⶼǷһָģӦò֪飬Ҳûг֡İɣûѩͱҴſˣѩ㣬Сһܹƽġ
Ұ΢΢˿ֻҪƲ֣ƾŷʲôôôţҪҸٽѵѵ
֣뵽ҰɽϢ
ھȥɽɵһ
ҰȻĵͷǵȻˣ𲻸ҹһ˴ˣҿɾûԶֵĻˡ
ɽҡͷûˣһֱڼޣڸ˵˲ҩ׼֮ǰܹһ֮ǰ¶ͷˡ
Ұֻʱѹ˼˼ǷƵ״ﵽʲôزˣ˶ڿڽƿ϶ҲڽǰѾﵽ˽ľ磬˵Ҳﵽ߾磬ҪʤҲô׵顣
ɽҰļЦöˣҪܹһɡֵóʱûдˣԻδʼ۸֡
˵ţеı֦ϣ˫ĿŹĿŷҰ
ҰЦӦһбҲԱߵ֦ϣŷɽ˵վڳС
ɽվڳУŷҰһЦİ˸ʽӣбž죬Ǳһ㡣
ҰЩ⣬ɽĽҲС
ɽЦһѩҴһǶϵϰҩˡ
ԼŬȻĻǧҩҩҲղˡҰЦŻӦһ䣬ڽ֮໥ײҲһĴ졣
ɽЩĵҲﵽͽԲ
ҰЦҲıôŪģ㶼ﵽˣôܴﲻ
ɽһҲԣ¶һ˿أ˵̤ŵ泯ŷҰȥһƶıƵģŷҰǰֱֱӳһȭ
Ұ׷ɽ̽ҲܣȷɽȭƳ嵽ȭѾ𣬺ĺڷɽȭͷϡ
飡
һƵײ𣬷Ұ˿δɽŵŵŵĲϳ𾪡
ҲǳƴÿĹгܵľĥΪܹɵʤҰû뵽һ־·硣
ɽ֪⻹ǷҰ˴󲿷Ľóȫɽֱ۶÷ϵ
ɽסŲȭǰֻƻסظڳһʽСˣҪ似ˣǷмĿɽȭ
Աϣɽ˫໥ĽȭķԽԽ죬һɳ֮ƳŷҰ
ҰһУԺٴθֳطǷɫ˿ߣĪĹ켣תţ˿ߣƶŴУʱʱ⼸˿͸һһǰĳơ
ţǵ˿߽ģԺĵһĻһֻƽȭͷ֣һǿƣصĺһƬУ¶һɽȻѿ롣
ģԺеĻʧֻΪǵ˿ߣнʧ
Ƭ̣ҰֿɽȭѾ߰˰ˣ˵óڿɽȭ·ߡȭȶ˽⡣
ɽȭ߱ƣ÷Ұ뵽ǧҶֵƮԼױİңϵ˵ƣһʶ
ս֮ʱ룬תۼ䷽ɽȭͷѾǰЩڴֵĥ÷ҰӦѸݣһͱܹ˷Ұ͵һ
һҰ͵˷ɽһ࣬뷽ɽĻ߰˴Σֳûڷɽұϣһһɽǰ֮ڷɽԼϡ
ɽܿƵıʮͣΪҰȡɣһ
˵ţɽţƵĳҰ֮硣
Ұ˼վڳУɽʹղͬʽֲסɽƣɽ˳ȥηɽõ󣬴ȥľҲԶ
ɽأԲŷҰ
Ұɽȥ߰˴ΣеĹâԽԽһľ֧Σ¥ǧ
ɽ۵ţһƨڵϣ˰ֵˣСȡɣһװ˷ˡ
ս֮ʱ˿ɲӲӲҰЦһֵңȡҲ˭ȡɵģղŷӦٿȫԽ֮ȭӭҵƣԿٱУȭƣƳȭӦɵĶࡣ
ɽüҵ˵ˣϰɽȭҪҪ߱һһǰƣȥǽƶܾˣ
ҰаԵͷɽ˵ĸϵ˵Ĳ࣬һﾭǶö࣬ʶһЩġ
ɽ˵ҲûֻǷɽϰķʽԣҰָƺҪǲҪ仯ﶼбкϰɽȭԸ֮Ϊ֮ᾢãܹ仯ǹңԽԽǿ
ɽĿɿڴӣҰ֪ôţֻõղʹõĿɽȭҸղŵʽԾ֪ˡ
ãɽ˷ܵվں÷ҰղŵʽӣĵοҲͷ
СˣҰһѧŷɽӣȭǰƻأѸĳŷɽ˹ȥ
ɽҲѧŷҰıõһߣȥҰƣ֓Ұұۡ
Ұ΢΢һЦȭ˸ȻǰѸٱΪΣסɽ֣Ƴȭŷɽδյʱ򣬿ĺڷɽϣƱһʼʱǿ˼֡
ҰĿȻ÷岽ֹͣ𾪵
ҰóɽĵҰ̡ҰҲ˽תٶȵĿһһ⣬÷ɽ̲ס˴Ĵָѧš
УҰ֮࣬ȥĹһ죬Ͼָ֮㷽ɽ÷ɽʵսҲѸߡ
ȥĹȼΣҰֻȻܹû޵̬󲿷ʱ䶼ʾǵ״̫ˡ
ЩУֽɽΣȴδ̽κйǧݵϢ
ʱһȥӵڴѾõԼ١
ҰĿ⾼ҹգᶨĵǼˣǧҪˣ


34 Կʼ
峿ĵҫŴأڵĻͷɽҲ
ҰһõʱɷԲѾС
һһȵļԣڷҲڲɶõʢ¼ˣ˶ľУһǸ޴ʯ̨ΧڳС
ʯ̨Ƿεʯ̨һ࣬ԲʮɣʱǡΪԳãʯ̨ǰļʮʯͱ̫ʦΡ
һŷҵ峤סͷķԼ뷢԰׵ĳϣһ̫ʦʮ໥̸Цţ˵ıֱվŮ
ҰѾμԣҲЩΧͷվ˵ӷֱʯ֡ҵļʣµ̻ͷĿʵǿĶпͣȵȣɢǿϢ
һڻɽУ˴֮侭Щ޲ϡݡȣ˴оҲкˡ
ÿһҵļԣһЩҪ񣬼ҵļ峤һľӢǰվ̫ʦαģǸľӢ
ӵ̶ܵȣڽһʱڵʢ˥
ÿμ֮˶Լĵ¶ʵȻڵսҲ¶һ֣ǽϷǸ֮һľ
Ұ۾˿ľӢǰ߰˸ŮУӦ˴ﵽ߾磬ʣµҲﵽͽԲ硣
Щϯĺ棬ŵһͷɽĸ׷ȻС
ϯзһϯ֮صģ겻ڼңԵʱҲȥͷ¶棬ͺͨһʯϡ
ٺŵǰеıֳڵ꾫ӢԼһЩ͵˺ͯȡ
ڽսڶӵܣֻվţǷҵĹ涨Ϊ÷ӵϳ֮ǰְĶ־
ɽԶԶضŷҰЦŵͷ˸͵ƣԸ߰ķҲŷҰ΢΢˵ͷ
ţҰһ˷ƺͷֵƵĿ׼úõʰʰ
Ұ˫Ҳų߰Ķ־ϣ˵˭˭أ
̧ͷ˿죬굱峤˫ĿҲϵĸо
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¶һ˿΢ЦŹϯϵ˹˹֣Ƿҵ֮գлλǰϻҲ˵ǷҹʮӵܹʸμӣϹأǩ֡
˵ţ׳ŷͷʾ£ʯ̨ϡ
վ泯ˣܸɴĴóһǩ߸߾𣬳йʮ߸ǩÿһǩ϶ź룬鵽ͬ˰˳Ծ滹иհǩ鵽հǩ׳ֿգֱӽһ֣
˻μӴ˴ԵŮ½߳Դӷгһǩ
հǩ˭ȵ˶ãʵ
Ұ˿еǩɵ΢΢еǩһƬհףʲôŶûС
ѽãȻǿհǩѩҲ˷ҰеĿհǩĵ۾Ц
˶ѰҿհǩҰеǩ
˵ͷܸɴĵѿհǩùɣһ־ЪЪڣ鵽һǩϳ
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Ұհǩ˷УͼɽӦʯ̨Ŀ࣬վʯ̨һ㣬Ŀɨ·ȺѰ֡
Ұ¶һ˿ЦݣһҲǩܳ鵽һǩʵֻҪϷƣһ㶼̫⡣
ܿһʯ̨վڷɽĶ档
ԿʼŷһȣҵĻ
žɽһ˱ӰĴ죬ϹŵЦݣٵĳŶȥ
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ǰսһЩҲ˸ɫһͳͽԲˣһӵܵˮƽòƲͰ
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ϯϵķ׵Ҳ¶Цݣһͳ˽ӵܣҲйʡ
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˿սܣ᲻ս
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ⲻ˶ԵͷƷжϣҲﵽͽڣӦٶҲܿ죬һսӵ
ɽ¾ҰԾȻδӮһΣʵսࡣһԣɽֱѾڰлһԲײϡ
ߵܴһӲӲҵˤڵϣ΢΢š
ɽҲ׷վ̨Ŷ֡
굹Ҳɴ࣬վ̾˿䡣
ɽʤ
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ڵһУδǿ棬ġơ˶ɵսʤ˶֣һС
ʵԭ򣬳˷Ƴ֮ǰ˽춯֮⣬˲δ¶ʵϯϵҲһԵˡ
һֱٶȼ죬ÿһս϶ǼӾͷֳʤʮԽ֮Ҳȥ˴ʱ
ٴվ˵еڶ֣һǩǩԾǩĺǩԾԴƣհǩʮǩԾ˳ϳ
ɽٴν˶֣ʣµķƵҲٴսʤֵ֣Ұϳ
һֻʣ¶ʮˣֻҪʮսܽѾһ֣һµҲߣӵʱҲһЩҰϳǰʮһõʱ䣬һܹõʱҲ࣬ȵҰϳʱѾӽ硣
ҰԾʯ̨ͼʯ̨ѾڵˣǸ꣬Ұǲɵ¶һ˿ЦǷĸ࣬˳Ϊӡķơ
ղŷѾʤһҰϳɫҲ÷ǳѿҰǰܹͽڵķܣȻҲﵽͽڣǶϷҰһҲûС
ƾŷ죬ɽ˵ŷҪǿѩı𣬷Ұɲȵһ£ѸԱһĳ˹ȥ
飡
Ƹ̧˫֣͸еǰһƣصˤڵأǰ߹Ƕ֨죬һѾѺۡ
ҪǷҰһ¶ܽ߹ǾϣҰԵͷȴվһģ֡
䣡æ˳֪Ұ׺ݣķҰû֡
㷽ҰˣȻ˾÷ǳ𺳣ϯϵҲ˸žȵɫ벻鵽ǩСһȻӵʵһƽͽڵķƸڵء
ԶЦһѾźʱܹϷҰٺúõˡ


35 ǧҶ
Ұʤ
Ұ˿۵ķƣתʯ̨
磬ղź簡ѩ˷ܵӭ
Ұ෽ѩСԴЦһʵôȥҲɵʰ
ѩСҲȥɵá
Ұεϵˣò׺ӣһţǿɾͲˡ
ѩɵһ˷ܵĵ磬ʣʮˣܳǰ𣿡
ҰЦҪȹ֪ʣµЩУܶ඼ɽ¶ˮģʵɲ
ѩ۾ʤЩˣ۾Ҳ˭ǿ˭
Զŷ˴ĴָӮøɾ䣬¸ҼСҲˡ
аɡҰʵٱȷɽ
ȵҰͷƷֱʯ̨£峤ʯ̨˹֣ЦѾʱ֣Ϊܹ̫ɽǰԽ꣬ҲΪ˲λӵģ׼ʮҩҩ࣬ãϣλѶൣȵԽĳϯٺú֣
ǰıͶæվ𣬹ˡ
ʵÿԵĵӶмʮϰٸһɱȲ꣬϶ôҲϤˡ
˵ʮҩɵҩ࣬ٺ˷ÿ˷ֵõҩ඼ϡ͵ûҩˣܹ¼Ҳܲսߵġ
׻δ䣬мͥŮﲻĶˣַÿһС
ϸܿ˵ϯҩһЩ˷ֵĻ϶ҩҲ֮飬ȲҩҲӣֻýҩ߶˵ϯϣ˷ֵľԴһЩҲ֪
ʱҶҩ࣬峤ָ˽ʰȥֱ
ԼУһǩʤĺǩʤ߶Ծǩʤ߰˺ǩʤ߶ԾԴƣ˳̨
ηɽĶȻǸͽڵӵܣֻӵܵսḻ÷ɽҲһŽսʤ
ֵܿ˷Ұڷ˵Ծ˳ʱ򣬷ҰĶˣ˳ԾĻһ־ȻǷ
ò׵ȵϳҰȲʯ̨ϹһĨζЦݣĿŶķ
ⷽ鷳Ұѵѵˣֻ⼸췽һֱڼﲻţ÷ҰҲԳϣÿԹһ٣
ʯ̨ϷʵŷҰЦԩ·խ컹ӣ㣬ҪĿ³󣡡
ҰЦҲܸӣϴһûˬλˬġ
ڸǰͬˣųɣһ֮бһĸԴ죬ǱƵġ
˾
ֵ˶ﵽ˽ľ磬峤öӰڿޡ
ʯ֡ҵļƽԿʼڣѾ˴ﵽ˽ľ磬ҲǺϡƽˣǵע⡣
ҰЦſŷ֫һɸܼĴĵǸʵҪҳ󣬿Щѡ
һ֪˭˳
ϯϵҲЩ죬ҵԣǸ߳Ѿǵĸˣ⻹ֻǴʮǿǿıԣи
ǷҵˣϯϹ˶Щڴ
ҰϴĽ֮ɫѸٱ˼£ȵΣܰſ£ǻ꣡
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ҰȥԺٴθֳǼ˿ߣ¶صĹ켣ţٶȡй켣ȶԺ޾ϸĸ֡
ţ˿߻ΪһĵĻ棬һųβʹӲ£»һ㣬綼ڣ»Ϊ˿ߣʧ
˼䣬ȭͷѾǰЦɼ˶ΪҰҪĻϵϧճһΣҪʯ̨ˡ
սȭͷüͷ壬ȻҲﵽ˽ľ磬ҰͱܵģСӵʲôڶԾʱȻ治֪
ѩҲɫŵһƬҰס
ȻҰ˫紩趯䲻ݷӭ˷İȭӰ
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ҰĳƣĵĲҽһϣһʯ̨صˤڵأ˰ҲûվвҺѡ
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ҰʤҲһ£Ÿ˳
һƬȻȻڵȫ˵Ԥϣû뵽Ұʤôգʤôɴ࣡
ɴ۾˼ָŷҰԷʲôʱô뺷ˣǷûô־ͱˣ
ЩãȻҡҡͷȻ֪ҰѧѰ츳Ұ֣Ҳе쳣𾪡
Եָ˻ϵ֮ȻҪߵöࡣĿҰλþǷȭƵĵطԼҲһܹƬ֮ҳЩ㣬вɵð˼Сѵתɣ
ƮݵǧҶ֣֮õôȷս²һߣӲСϯϣʯ֡ҵļŮЩŷҰ
׿ٵĽѸٶȹһȥɫ쳣Ұ֮伫зִ磬רʹ֣Ľǽδϣܴأȴ÷ʹȥĿ֮Ҳ޹⡣
˽̧ȥԼǲֽܳѵСģ΢ɼĳŷʹ˸ɫ÷ƵȻݺݵĽѵѵҰ
ɫһƬ˸űĹĮҰҵģҵܴܵôңǵöϵ㼸ͷŽޣ


36 
ȵҰͷıԽһֵԽҲˣӱλǿ߲վʯ̨ǰÿһ˶ɫС
Ⱥ˳򣬷ֱΪɽơġ塢ԼҰŮһϵӣǴСʹ˺ʵĸһ·նɱǰǿ
ǰǿÿһ˶ӵǿս˶ǿǿԻһ
Ϊ˹ʿΪǷӵĸãڣеľǿǿıԣǰõһöһǿԵõǧϻ˵˳ԣɽƣ̨
Ӧ̨ɽȻǰǿҲǰƾѾﵽ˽ľ磬ôöԸġ
Կʼȡ
ȵһ£ɽͻһٵĳƣƸǰʱֵĸͣ˼㣬·ǰһɽҲܸƵġ
ɽɽȭӵ˼£ùϯϵһЩҲŰԵͷΧ۵ķӵܸǵɴ۾ϸϸĿš
ֻһӿֳĻɫ⻪ĳŷȥ
ߣ
ŷǵĻɫв˶һ𾪺
ϯϵһЩ˶Ϊȣʯ֡Ҽ΢΢ôߣԺȻĶǵˡ
¶һ˿ЦݣͻƵ߾磬֮Ҳھ޽еĴڣǧӦʮþˡ
лϵ֧ţƵٶȶȻһأɵıܹɽȭͷڷɽδӦʱһӡڷɽţɽֱӺʯ̨һЩϸ΢߹Ȼѡ
ãɫĮĹ˹֣ɽҰߵĺܽƶԷɽֵʱҲ֡Ȼδɽ߹ǴϣҲɽ߹ǴĿˣȷòȥ
ٵĳ嵽ʯ̨£𣬶ȹһѹסڵƣɫ
ҰҲٵĳڷɽߣŷɽʹսȭͷ˸һ˿
ɽſһѪĭӣѷҰƵʵսǿղŸҽָδ似ѷôңһĻǧҪСġ
Ұ˵ͷĵİɣȻһġ
ЩҰǸɽһɲĸо㷽ʮѲҰ仰ɽûɵľмˡ
ҪȥˣܾˣִҪ￴Խ
ʤȻһĶԷ壬̨
ȻһЦСŤƮݵԾʯ̨ɫȹƮ裬궼˫ĿŹ⣬ҲĽ
ܿ죬Ҳʯ̨һһӢˬŮһϮɫװͤͤ͹µĹ˳뷽使ǧ
㣬벻ǽھˡϺŵЦݣ˵վڳУϸ裬ڳǧҶֵʽ
Ұ΢΢ЩȻǧҶϸ˵ľϵ似ĵƫˮԣȻѧ似Щϡ
Ұ뵽ǧҶΪŮϰ似Ҳ˵Ĺȥοˮľʩչľ似Ҳ޲ɡ
ҲһĨ΢ЦϸĹһĴ죬ȴЩأЦӣʱҩÿޣؽչСɣˣóɡ
һ˾
Ƿҵˣǹϯϵˣеǳ⡣
죬ҵĸֱּǲǷɽŷͷҰƸͻƵ߾磬ڷҲ¶ľ磬һķԣνǲ
ǽҪСˡȻһЦɢĺӵĹɢ˿˿
ߣȻߣһƬȻ˶ԾĴλվҲɷͽԲ벻ȻѾ׵߾磡
ϯϣʯҡּҡؼҵļɫЩһԣÿҾֻһߣһоߣкüͽԲǸеѹ
Ƕʲôϯһ࣬ǲޱ߷ķȻԵõҲȻſʦѾͷȻǷŵŮõĵҩ϶˶ܹ࣬ﵽ߾Ҳ֮С
ҲԵͷԱԽ㣬Խеο
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뵽ıϾеĻ䣬ȱʵս飬ȴڻɽж΢˶ϵĻǷƵʤһЩ
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ҰЩȻΪһƾѾѶԸˣ벻;ɱģ
Ұ֪ͷѩǰӸṩı˺ܴá𱻷ҩȷҰղЧҪ˲֪٣ټϷܹṩܹ÷ôͽ׵߾硣
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彥·磬Ѱ˸϶һϣһᾢʯ̨
ͷЦл顣
̾ϢһʤꡢҰ̨
ҰӦ̨Ѿվһľ꣬Ŀӥ͸˿˿ɷǳԵеϢ
ҰɽжлǷǳģ±ȭһ񣬵·Ұͽ̡
ⶢŷҰƬ̣ҽз꣬ҶĿյĻ̫ȷ˵㣬ൣߣ˳
ôǿƵĻҲ˷ҰİҰһս⣬ǹɷҲ΢΢ͷ˳Цְɡ
΢ɷ˿ϵɷ෴ӵŨҰ΢΢Щ仯ɫЩ
ˣһһ΢ŵĴ죬ԱһԾ˳ȥ߰ܳû˿Ϣݶ
һΧ˶ԾҺһĳǶЩľˡ
ϯϵ˶Щȣ֪֮ײԽ죬ܹӳԽǿᡣ
Ľ֮ɼӳȴ˿٣˳ŷƣû˿Ʒⶼɱ֮ķš
Ծ֮ʱһ߶ʤ
ҵǰ˴۽磬ףڽܳһʱУ᳤ʢ˥
СģɽͷѩɵþŵĿųС
Ҳ̾˿СӵʵսǿûڴѪɱСҰӿҪˡ


37 ȫ
Ƽ죬Ұһɽŷϵ޵ĸоٶȼ׽÷Ұһּϲĸо
ҰͽԲʱܲɱޣǴʱԣսصɱжʹãоʱʹ졣
ҰĥԼսɣڵڷǰʱ˫紩ޱȵ׽
Ӧ٣ż㣬ߣƿٻϮҰ¡
ηƣؽ׳似зǰľӢӵϳһ似˳
ҵĵؽ似϶ڼ֮Уǲӵѧϰǵؽ似мߵҪ󣬴ﲻҪðȻĻмˡ
ӵδﵽ֮ǰǲָ߶似ģⷽ꾹Ȼó˵ؽ׳似һõ쳣Ĵ죬˾Ȳѡ
УΧŷҰ߲ʼղ뷽Ұң÷ҰûʱϸƷֻܼвС
Ұ˵վڳУ˫ʱʱѵˮתۼûٵǧӰӰ
ԽսԽľɽһ࣬ս˵ڼӵеκһˣϸͻƵߣһİա
û뵽ҰǧҶóôѲ籩Ĺ޷ͻƷҰǵˮ©ķ
ǧҶ裡ڹϯķһ
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ĵĿҲ𾪣ҲδܽǧҶǧҶľ硣ǧҶԽԽӼƬҶӶѣ벻ҰȻˣ
ı𺳵˵ûǴĻҰӴǧҶֵʱ٣
ϯŮһۣɫ쳣أսķҰΪڷƺͷĵĶ֡
ŹųУҰȻﵽǧҶľ磬Ҳ˵ǧҶֻǷ׸߼似֮Ҳмʱ·硣
һ䣬ХƴΧķУƶŷƵУƷ
ҰǿԽǿѸٻû۷Ĺƶôңܱ赭дĻΣܳջһ£ÿһλޱȣ÷겻òأߵսȻ
ѾʼԵĹΪߵˣȻҲߣԽԽ𾪣ϲĵʲôǧҶ裬ƬҶС˺ܴĽ
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жʱֹ𾪵ŷҰϸֳһ˿ЦݣÿݵķӦٶȣǿǧҶ裡ˣķڷ϶ҲɽоѪɱлᣬһһɽ
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ѹΪͲںȳֵеҪܵܽѵѵҰҪҰѹƳɵ
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ߣָһڸϰ似ҲɽжĶ֣ǷҰҪġ
˵Ŀⶼˢˢע̨ϵˣһߣһʵսḻν
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Ұͷͬʱ֮ĳ˳ȥͬʱ˫ƣڰײһ
Ұܵӭȥ˶ҡҡͷҰʵսḻƾսĻ֧һʱ䣬ӲĻϾҪˡ
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ӿֳһĨɫЦһϸֳһĨĻɫ⻪û֣ҪҰ˫ֵϡ
˾㵵ĿУҰȻ˿δŷϵĻɫ⻪ԽԽŨҰҲӿֳ콻ӵĹ⻪ǹŨ̶ȣȷ
һߣϯϣʯ֡ҵļԼͬվϳ𾪡
һоȻߣкüͽԲϵҼľӢˣǶףδܳһʱУҶѹ̧ͷ
ƷĵӾȻѾˣĻ
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ɽ˷ܵĲǣڵƣʹ죬ٺЦ֪Ұǿ벻ôǿ߰ٺ٣Ѿģ
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ҰͷͬʱӴһǿ˸˼ңңӡ
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ǻôҰЦһղ뷽սʱѾǻй켣ǻָơ
ڷʱ򣬷ҰƱ𣬽ǧҶִӰԹΪأÿһζڷʽ֮֮ǻƼ
˼ĽǧΣõʽ쳣ķӣ˿ۻңܶΪľֻܿӰ̨ݺȥʽ
ԽԽǱƣÿһγֶǱԷƵģԼ֮ר͵ԷƵġ
ʽһ䣬ȭͷϵĻɫ⻪Ũƻ棬ٶȱ𣬴һӿҵƣֱϮҰţȵ
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ױҰıһпҰýԾƳȭԵӭȥ
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վ̨һ࣬˫Ŀ𾪵ŷҰ׼ϣҰĵ
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һƵڷұһɰ˴̨صˤڵأԼϸ΢ĸ֨ǰеĹȻѡ
Ƶɫ˲òҰףе𾪱Ȼȡŵ̨ϵķҰһ仰˵
£һͿأ
ҰӸµĿ̨ķƣĵԣߣҲиֵ֮ġ


38 Ļ
֮Уȫ𾪵̨ϵķҰ˭Ҳû뵽ԭпʶҵһ˵ķƣȻ˷Ұϡ
Ȼվ˫ĿгԶƵĿϲ췽Ұľϲ̫ˣƬҶǧҶ֣ͻƵ߾ϲȻƶˣǧʮþˡ
뵽Сӣ˵ĻˣҶӡ
׼뷽Ⱥվеľ쳣Ũǧ㣬Ҳû㵽ǧȻ뷽Ʋˡ
ҰɵƯɽЦĴУеһɨ⡣
磬ѩ˷ֱܵţЦ۾
Ҳ˰죬ŽʵٴβŵĿ˷ҰһۣҰʤ׼ս
ĵҲ𺳣Ұı֣ȫԤϣ벻һŷƶС㱼䣬Ѿ˷Ұһɳδ
ĻĿЦһŤʯ̨ĶŷҰǳЦ컹Ǹ̫⣬㻹̵ܹġ
Ұʼ磬ҲǸͻûãûü㡣
ȻһЦ˵ҲЦǰĽһƷҩĻϧҪˡ
Ұ΢΢һҲЦ˳˵Ļûǰģͻ߾ģͲҪǻĽ
뵽ҰЦҲΪ˻Ϊǧ
й⻪Ϧ˸ŵĹ󣬰뿪ЦĵֲȫӳǧЧãҪǧʲôãøңүүһöƷ鵤
鵤˼壬ٶмӳãͬʱڣյܼʱ䣬зǳܻӭ
鵤ЧǿҲΪܶƷƷ鵤ԷҰ˵ЧҲǿȷǧʺϷҰ
ҰҡҡͷǸѩĲҪǧҩϣǧҲá
΢΢£ǳǳЦЦʲôû˵
˶Ѿ׼ˣһӣվʼ
Ұ˵վڳУİ˸ǧҶֵʽȴ÷ĵˣ䡣
ϯϣͷķˢվӵ۵ĵСӣʲôأȻǧЩѣҲԲаһ䣬ǧûϣˣӮǧʲôƷҩƷ
һƬ㵣ĵķӦȫǵϣȻǧֱӷģ
Ҳ£ֵģǷķһ
ĿЦ޵ҲǧҶ֣ǧҶ軹һЩ࣬ҰǧҶľ磬һѧ˵ؽ׳似ױĶ֣ҲֻͽЦˣҷ
ҰҲЩ㵣ŷ˵ͷ
ȻаܹսʤģҪķѲô˵ʡȥ˲鷳
ҰǱԵĵһǧһöһöġƷеڶ͵Իûһöλ̨ܳ콱
̨ҵɫ԰׵ķƷұ̨ӣϿ˿ĸˡ
ţ϶ˣϵһɫĳУ԰ڷһö״ĹӺöĴָСĵҩ
Ұдеǧǹ״ƻ棬ͨʻɫ͸˿˿ȵľɢһȵ㣬ƺڵζٶȶӿһЩ˴Ρ
ǵҩǻһöĴָСĵҩͨ˸žӨɫ⻪ɢŵڵҩ룬һĺɫơ
ҰףɫƾǵƣŵҩƷһƷҩһƣƷҩƣǺϵĺܡ
ݵƵĶ٣һƷҩһ˵һƷҩֳΪһתҩƷҩֳΪתҩǾƷҩǴ˵еľת񵤣
ңǴֱʰǧߣû´ĻǷҵ峤Ϊ׼ģ벻˱У͵ʴסϯϣжֻ̡
ڷƼʵĿУҰ´ϰ䷢ǧͻ΢˿ǵڶǧҩ뼯ǧҩֽһСڰȬҲˣ
ƽӹиоܲζ̨콱һֺܹٵ飬˵ȴһ־޴ĳһ㣬޲Ҹطȥ
ȵԲƾҲƵ̨ӣת۴ſʧ
Ұ׼ȥȻڶүүһǧľģܷõͿԼıˡ
Ұһг˿ϲܽеǿǧľĸ㵽֣ͼˮľҩСҲĿ
Ȼ֪еǿǧľºѸ㵽ҰҲ¶˾ģȻѾ֪Ϣǧľģ˵ʲôҲҪŪ֣
лҰ֣صĳŷĵ˵ͷĿƵǲޱ߷ķţѸתͷ
ķŻ֪ǱŮѲĽˡ
ԲȻвҲֻܴʡϾҰǿʵӮõǧΪ峤Ҳ޻˵
£׺ͷҵһЩҪڻͷɽϯЩǰʮλ
ڳŵһҪ£һķӵУʵﵽͽԲļҲȥ˵ļ˸ǱƸһƷ裬ƿٵػָһضȥȥˡ
ҰֻüϵСô˸кǧͻϵͷδķɽͷɽ
ᣬô򵥣һǼĽᣬϯ䣬λӵܶ໥ʶԻ᲻¶һ֣һֱĽ
غ⣬Ұⷽҵһˣ޷ƴǡ


39 ɽֽ
ͷɽһУƻͨҵһЩҪǰʮλֱ
Ϊ˷ӵ֮ĽһľӢӵʯ֡ҵļӵͬһϯ䡣
ǶǸδĺͬڻɽֿڷԣԺٲ˻ཻܶÿԽ˻ʶ¡
Ϊ峤֮ӣָһڸ˼꣬Ȼ˷ҰʱȴҲ㷢ȶƱЦļԣлλǰչ˲ܵĵطλຣȸΪ
ҲŶƱһڡ
һ΢Ц̾ĵǷһӵܿ˲ãȻߣüͽԲҵȺհ
ҵļŮޡ
ţһݺŮЦؿ֣ؼҲ˵ؿѾִͨྭˣʮУӦΪߵˡδһʱУֹҪɧˡ
Ұɫ΢΢΢Щȣ֮ҪȽеִͨྭȵྭͨˡ
벻ؿٶô죬ѾʼͨྭڵľҲԶˡ
ŮҲͬһ㣬仰ͽؿͱ˷˼ϣСС;ôĻ÷ҰаԾ衣
ȻϯڶῡĿˢˢؿϣؿݵϲɵһĨԵá
һͨҲϼ˵ĲʯԶԶؿ֣ҲֻзҰֵܹؿһˡ
ҰаһЩ˻ûһӹ֣Դ֮䶼ϬĺܰʯļһΪ˸ؿһѻ𣬽Լ˳ȥ
£ҰæЦʯˣҲǸͻûãﻹңԶĺܣؿȣԶء
ؿʱҲӦ˹ݵƤĶ£Ƕˣҵ⼸λȣؿɾͿ㲻ʲôһҳߣպҶҪȥˡ
ؿҲͬ죬ʶ֮ͽͳһսߣźۼĽìͷָ˷ҡ
ʯҲؿ˵ûÿһֻһߣҾȻɷҵȰ
ϼѾؿΪߣؿִ˷ҵǿƣҪƴҲǷҸؼȶοּƲʯҵǿ
Щ˿Цӯӯ֮ȴǻ룬вͻᱻ˷ʤ
ҰӵһۣоЩôͬʱ強ѹҲĺܲҡ
ӵ˼ôӦôϬԴǣϼЦȻĵǺˣλӵүүʦŶ϶öǿ൱λ֮߰󣬷ҾҪŹˡ
ϼ˳ȥֲ֪ôֻһͷȥ
ϼ˵ЩıҪϽ֪ͣĻһڣؿʯⶼĬˣ˸Īɫ
Ƭ֮ؿ΢ЦŶԷĵλӰɣԳϵıͬһ㣬ؿ˺̵ӡ󣬸ʱĻϣܸӽ
ʯҲЦҲĽĹҲǰڻɽҵһݵĻƲݣԹӦãø㡣
ǳЦ£˵˵ͷ
ؿʯⶼڣϼȻзǳ뵽Щ˵̫ˣʶˣҵѾƲɵؿʯⶼʼת˲ԣԷΪͻƿڣȢΪޣܹҸùϵԺкܶĵҩãһ
ַϣӵܶ᲻¶һֵģηߣǵĳ̫ǿˣ¶һҲֻȡ裬ᾹȻٹ¶Ϊ
ֻǣ໥֮֮䵹ԣʯ֡ҵӵܶˣϼһ仰ָɢˣϯյǺг˺ܶࡣ
Ʊյ֮䲻ʱ̸һЩеľȤţ̸
֪У̸Ǵλɽ¼ؿĵϴλɽʱɽǹ͸ĸоڻҼ£治֪׷ʲô顣
Ұ΢Ժиֳһ䵭ĮİӰҲ֪ôˣ
ѹҵǴһеõһЩϢʦһлɳ˼ʮϳȥ˺üеǱ޸˺ˣеƾˣڴ̽һЩϢ
ʲôϢ˶
Ұ˿ϵɱ鲢δ¶Ҳ˶䣬Ƶ׻֪Щʲô
Ƽ˵ĿⶼͶԼϣĵ˵ͷǼɽе޷˳ͻ˵ɽеİѪۻˡգЩ˺ȡʲô
˵ź̾Ϣܹ붼վ˵ȥԽˡ
ʯȻҲɽĿһɱĺɫ۳һɫѩҸϹȥʱʲôûз֡
ĺɫ϶¶˼ı飬֪Ŀ϶һֽε
ü΢԰ɽǻԵģôᵮôԵˮϵǸ㲻ס
ҰɫţδʲôۣҲ˵Щʲôɲñ˻ɵ
ϼǳЦӯӯĵˣôʲô㽫ڷߣҲֻὫǶɱͲܹշ˵ģһѪۻɡ
ϻʲô⣿û
ƵһۣЩһ֣ԪѪۻ˥ˡ˵սˣȻɹɵͷϵҲˡҲŻ˵ʲôʱѪۻͻᱻɵʱɽְλãɽң
촽˷ܵĵѪۻǻɽΨһڣܹŪʬ壬Ǿ׬ˣ
һһˮȥҪĻȥԣڿɲģһڶʱùͷͷѪۻˣҲʮͷʬ壬һڶһܹõ˵ˣ
㬵ĵҾһ˵ҿɲҽȥͷ񻢵鷳
ϼתЦ˵Ĳ⣬ͷѪۻ󣬻ɽȻҡʱ򣬸塢Կޣ̸̸顣
ϼĻûжӦϾ˴˶Ϥֲһˣ˭Ҳĸһ
ҶڴУһˣ˼пܾͻ侮ʯ˵ͻں飬ֻܵʱ˵ˡ
һ鶼ҪѪۻ֮źþϣҰԴ˵û̫Ĺעģֻǧҩţʲôʱȥѷеǧľĸ


40 ʶ
ǰҹĹڵڶͶȥҰҲ˼УҲ֪ϵǧصȥˣöȻѩͻƵʱˡ
ҰõԵһõǧһ˶ǳĸˣǿҪǣ뼯ǧѾ˵һ
ټϷҰ˵ʦﻹǧǧҩѾǼ֣
ԭоѱȵ飬Ҳǲɡ
ʱɵ飬Ҫȥʱ򣬾ܹ֣еѡ
Ұ̸ӵǧľĵϢ֮󣬷еϣӵŨң˼ʲô㣿
ҰЦŵȥҩ߶߶ŸùϵȡǧľŪ֡
ͷĵĺܣ漰ǧҩôֵġ
Ұͷ֪ҪԲС
֣صĵȥ԰ɣʵڲУȰҩ룬ѩ޽ͷҪǻֵĻֻǿˣΪѩҲ˲ôˡ
ҰŵͷϵĿһģһ޷ӷŪǧľģǰϵкҲʹϵʱǿᣡ
ֻҪô˵ĻǱͲýˣܲһǾһ
οл鵱һϯҰڴӷõǧľģЩյġ
ѩ缲ϣڼҲãЦҲҪȥɽˣܷҵϵϵǧҩ
ҰɵѪۻɽɲ̫ƽ
ķҰļڵİɣǰһ佫ʱܰȻѾȫûҪġοСϾҪȫˣҿɲھ
ҰЩԥֱѾʮ꣬Ȼ꣬ЩҪѧԼжˡԼΪȷģŬȥȡԼΪֵõģͲҪ˼̫࣡
Ұͷ̡ܽ
ڼ˼֮󣬷ҰһĹУĹ˻̬Ļ顣
Ұżɽʵ飬ǲǿѧϰˣ
˹ĵ԰
ҰҰϲѧ֮ȥҷŽڴӻŪһƷҩҩӷŪǧľҲʲô¶
ҡҡβͣҪѧѧϻϣϾ˽ÿһֲϵЧãܹõЩϵԣƳʽĵҩ
˵ƲƲ죬ѧϰҩģҪʵѧϰУЩҪζеĲҪɫǳеĲҪָдֲڳ̶Ȼʶûʵ֣Ҳû취㡣
ҰЦһҪҩüʵа
£ҰǧľڷеϢ˻飬ԸµĽ뵽ƿռ֮УҪŷҰһȥ̵ֳҰϡ
Ұǵ±̶׽ʮҵıһһܿ͵ҩǰ
ҩõĸ¥ɫ㣬̴Ӹ¥ҩ㣬ųţԶԶһƤצȥ
ҰһĻ棬˿ŵűߡ
תͷǷҰ¶һ˿ĹʣЦӯӯӭôˣ
Ұ̲ס̾һ뵱ҩõʱ򣬷ÿһۣȴк˵ףʵ
ѹĵ׵Ұеı𣬵Цصʦ
ǰֽӹ𣬻ͷҵλÿһۣ΢ŷҰѹ㲻ǧľİɣ
ȻǣҰȻʧЦգ۾ұȽĽʦ뿴ʦ費Ҫ֡
һʦģͷķŴӸ¥ĵ˳ҰĽ̻ҵǲ͡
ҰЦʦã֪Ƿܹҵʦ֣
˷еıһֹۣһԲϵ۾ŷҰһ飬ɫ΢ǸĹǧԶˣ
Ұ˿ģĵϲɵøֳһ˿ȻҰ֪߷ŵģҲںͷң
ѹܳΪҵһˣԭǿ󡣡΢΢ף䲻ȵĵΪʲô뵽
ҰϢһͣԺͷתʼ磬Ѫۻˣɽ϶ңʱٲҪɱҪ˽¸ֲϵļֵԺɽʱϱȴʶǿɾͿˣ
мʶŻͷȻֺɵŷҰ㲻ΪĶİɣ
ѸٵĲ˺ϼŷŵӣүү˵ʲôأ
ҰһٺЦϱЦˣҾ˽˽ֲϵľ
ŵĵԺְɣйزЧ÷ģĻġ¥ϻкܶڲϵ鼮ЩĶԼҲ㷭ſȸѶҿɲͽģǧҪ̫ϣ
ҰӦһֻ˽¸ֲϵԣԼ˽һЩĻ֪ʶֲʦġ
ǶЩϵʶҰҲŻ֪ĸȫһЩֻҪҩõʵ˽ĸϸһЩ
ŵĻгЦ⣬Ȼүү˵ĺܲںȴףүү¥ϵ鼮˵ôͨ˭뿴ܿġ
ϴүүĻշҰΪͽ˼ڷҰүү¥ϵ鼮÷ҰɷģҲΪͽֲ˵ȿҰƷ˵
뵽ĵ΢΢죬а룬ҰǷӵеĵһˣǿ󣬿ƷԣѵүүΪҿǡ
ģȴȥ¥Ϥ´鼮ĵطٸ¸ֻϵЧáֵͰڷű׼Ŵ˷ĵĺ˼룬˵굽ȥˣҲ֪оʲô
߰ɣҴȥϤ´ҩĵطǳЦһŤС¥ȥ
Ұŷ¥ɵõɴ۾¥Ŀİ˸鼮еǼϣеǼھϣеǼڶƤϣеļڹϣ˺ü䡣
Ĵ½һ飬ҰͶЩ伮İڷЩ˽⣬бֲϵ鼮нַ鼮нܿƻ鼮Ƹֵҩĵãûзйص鼮
Ҳѹ֣κһֵҪžԲֵİģ϶ʲôطˡ
죬Ұҩѧϰֲϵļֵ鼮żӹõҲ⡣
Ȼ󲿷ʱ䷽ҰԺָ㣬ɱȷĽϸˣ÷ҰԸֲԼ˳˽⡣


41 
裬ζ΢⣬ʰɫΪ⾧壬۵㼫ߣʱ룬ѪѪԣ裬ǿǣĳذ󡭡
ڷӣζƽͣīΪԲͣɽȡ
Ϭǣζ࣬ºͷůɫ꣬аľϵȡԴɽеϬ
վ¥ϣҰŲϣԺиֲֳϵ塢ɫԡصȣЩǻ̵ģȷĽ͵Ĳ֪ϸ˶ٱܹ÷ҰЩи̵ʶֵԹ
Щ϶ǼĲϣеԴɽȣеȡײеϣеڵصףһ¥еĲϲ֪ǿ˶١
Щһֱ¥ϣڷҰһµʱ򣬲űϤЩϡ
Ұƿռе޲ϣҲϸļأ÷Ұ޲ʶĸ̡
תۼ䣬ҰҩѾˣҩеҩĵԶӡԺС
ȻӵеĲҲޣҰ¥йҩĵ鼮˸飬еĴ󲿷ҩҲȷʶʵҲһĨڡ
ҩַĵõȣҰҲֻӲУкܶණܹģֻܵԺ˵ˡ
ڼ䣬ҰҲη˵ʵֻǽҩڻʣҩҺԴ
ûһΣֶַΡСȺ˳⣬Ժлûĸ
УҰδ󲿷־ϣгڣٶҲۿͿҪˡ
Ұүү׼һƷһԹۿѵãǧҪŶЦҩ˳ҩʮɹɵĲҩɢŵҩ㡣
ллˣҰЦŻӦм쳣Ȼ˵ֻһƷҩĳ˿٣ܸһֱ۵ʶ
ŷУһʮɷԲĿռ䣬ڳص룬һ˸ߵĻɫӡͼһֲʾ𵤶ĳȡ
Ұʱ򣬷Ѿվ˵ϣΧֿɼĵطŸָĲϣݡҶȵȣ߰˸ƿƿ޹ޣеװҩҺеװҩۡ
¯ײʮзľʯɢ˿˿ȵҰ֪ǻ龧ͨ龧
龧һֳľ壬ΨŨĻĵطŻ龧екܴá
ƽʱʱܹ龧еٶȻҪö࣬Ͼɢҵֱվȫȵġ
ң֮ǿݵʱļ죬龧Ļܹ˼Ļָʵᡣ
龧ԸԵĻֲ࣬һ㶼ԽľˮΪҲм໥ϵ龧Ųͬã龧ܹȼգߵ¶ȣȴκε̳ΪʦرĶ
龧̺Ķٺ;̶ȣ龧ӵ͵Ϊ׾Ͼھ߼龧̺ǵͼ龧һٱֵҲٱ
Ȼ󲿷ʦõĻ龧ͨİ׾
ʹͨİ׾Ҳףһ׾ļֵһٸңһ¯Ļʯͼֵǧٽң˵ܹظüΣҲѰ˼ܹܵġ
Ҳֻʦְҵʹˡ
Ұ˵΢΢˵ͷĵϾҪʼˣʱû취ģҪϸעҷϵ˳򡢼ػַÿһֲϷַںϵʱȵȣȵʲôʾһᵱ͸
ҰͷĶ˵ͷҰĿһգգĶŷţĵƽĶ࣬Ͼ˺ܶˡ
վڵǰڵ¯·ͨ׶ϣиֳһƵɫĻ棬ɵ뵽֮С
еĻʯѸ棬ɢֲĸ£תۼͽ죬ڣҰżԶܸܵǹɳҵĸ¡
Ÿɿݵץ𵤺ݣĶ뵤֮Уݸս뵤УͱǻһֻεƵģõڻسظ
ЦµĻˣڸµ˿£굤ݺܿͿήѸڻ˰ɫҺ״Һڻз
Ұŷŵַ˿Ҵ⣬֮󣬾ͼǰɫҺкȻһźɫʡ
ַһ䣬еĻ˸һźɫʴ·Ŀ׶д˳ȥ
ȫעĶŻзİɫҺ壬أɫҺֳ˼κɫʣŸ޳ˡ
һ֮󣬵еİɫҺСһ룬ֻʣĴָСڻɢŰɫĹ
Ųϵ¶һ˿ЦݣֽǴ򿪣һӣһĴָСҺͱյеƿС
Ȼ󣬷ŽҶƳҺ壬ŵԱߵƿװãȵƳɴɫҺ֮ѸץղȡҩҺͬʱ뵤֮С
ڸ֮£Һ彥ںһ𣬱һдҺ壬һգøӵ΢Сˡ
ţŽ߰˸ƿƿ޹еҩҩҺ뵤֮УһֱĳĵϣеҩҩҺںһ¶һö쳣ֲڵɫ衣
øַҰаޡ
ɫҲиУϴû׷㿴ʲô鲻м
ţҰкȻһĨɫĹ⻪Ұ˲ҹһ䡣
ڷҰԺУһӳһŹֵĻ棬һ뷢԰׵վһɫǰΧΪһ塣
ϸȥ񶦾Ȼ͸еĹŹСа˷ƣֻǶ϶˸ֵĿ׶ԼһϸܵСףϸǶ˾Ÿͨס
ִֻóָҩģһһͶŵУҩѸڻҺ壬ֽںϵһɵ衣
õĲϣõһģһͶȺ˳ҲַֻͬȴȫͬںϵʱҲƫҲƫ
֮ʱأƽƣȴȫͬĽҰԺǸĵȷĹ⻬ࡣ
ҰиŹֶĸоƵĵҩǽҩеоˣȴֻһ벻
ŵ񶼷ڶ¯еĵҩϣ˿ûע⵽Ұ䣬ֻ΢䣬ѸתиεĴڵΧĥƵģͼǸ϶һĺɫƣҲѸٱù⻬ȣɢҩ㡣
һУѾ֪йȥʱֽҩڻһ֮Ȼڵϣ˳ȥһöɵĵҩӵг˳
ۼֿĽöҩƿУϹһ˿Цݡ
ڷյʱ򣬷ҰԺǸҲʼյ뷽ͬʱյȴδڵ¯һַֿͨյ
ƵıãҩתڵҩıϣȻƲУۼɵУЦ
Ʒҩ
һƷҩĻӲƷҩ
ҰԺߵַػַ־ȵȣȷǿ˲֪ٱȫһϵģ߱ǼֱͲǽ̣ϣ
ߴӷҰԺнģֱʧҰƺ˿˿ҩ㡣
飬ô£ߵ˭Ұгɻ齻
ĬƬ̣ƵĵǸӹпԴ켣ƾˣͷݣٺ٣ˣͰҺˡ
ҰгŨ𾪣һ˿⣬û׵ô£ʵôѧ
ĵȫע˼ŵʱͷͻԺа˼ĵҩйؾĽⷽ棬һȫȨġ
˻һҰһ㣬ߵԼѧ


42 һǧ
żҰе𾪣ΪǱԼַ𾪣Щ⣬ЦŵôĹ쳣ĸӣвͻǰҪѧ֮ǰҪеĲԺгֳ˿ܳ
ҰɫŹֵʵ⻯ûпܻƳɶƷϵĵҩ
΢΢һ΢̣ô⣿֪Ʒʦ
Ұ£ʵûпܻƳƷҩ
ܣŶȻ
ҰֹܣԺͷôˣ
뵽ҰɵЩϵ˵ľһ뷢԰׵Ҫ벻Ժл渡ֳ׺ͷ
ô˵˷ŵһڷҰеĵλǣδҰϣ
ʱУű㽫ƻҪעһЩطֽһҰŸղĻ棬á
үүʲôʱԿʼг˷ܣȸԾѡ
źϾĴ˴ӣҡͷԵĵȲüȵʦ֮ͨΪԪʱ򣬲ܹǿջ棬ʱûκοƳɹֻ˷Ѳϡ
С죬ǻ֪Ҫȵʲôʱء
ղŵ飬ҰԶԷųл̬ȣԺѯʻ飺˵ǲģǲﲻ
ڷҰԺ𣺡ͷˮƽȻզΣϯû˵ﲻʦھͨ޷ΪԪ档ƶ棬޷û¶ȴﵽ׼ĻųɾŻʧܡ
ҰҲЩйû뵽ҪʦУ֪Ҫȵʲôʱأ
˹ĵҲйȻȴԽĵ̸㣬ΪˣҲϤĲˣֱӿ¯ˡ
ҰЩȻ
͵ҪƳĵҩǱزٵģϡյȼ档ղͷʱ׾ӵ־ǵֻӦûָǵֱ޷ֱӣ
ţҰԺоӿһϢĸӡԺУһǧ
ֵĽ˵ͼĲïǺ꾡
鶣׵ɵĸʽߺܶ࣬ҩƷҲߣ׵Ȼʧܾˣǵ־ǲҪй¶ȥһ֪ˣ»кܴ鷳
Ұġ
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һ϶ŭĻХڶը죬ҰһХг˰ԵĻһ׳ʿĩ·ıݡ
ţִͬ޺𣬻Х޺𲻶ϣͣ
ŵ϶Ȼɫٴӵг˳ңɽ˫ĿгŨľ˿ҺѪۻ³Ųˡ
ҰͷҲų˳𾪵ŻɽѪۻХ˼һХȫ˱ХҲûϢֻʣ¼޵˻
ҰѾǸ棬ףѪۻѾڶ˺ˣѪⶼֶʳ֮ˡ
ԼϤҩĵԣҪϽȥͷɽᣬѪۻһɽҪˡŴҴҷԸһϵĻҽûüͿٳ˹ȥ
ʱҵһЩҪͳһٻз֮ˣɽ
˻ʱɫòҰײҰ׵ģǿǷޣ߰˸ɽׯ¾ʬǱء
ɽ屻¾֮ҲɱϣȺԡ
ɽĴңˡ
𡭡
ڶ죬ͷ˻ƽɫëľǳ˻ͷɽϷųҵϢ֮һƬ
ͷĽܣҵȫĽܣɱ޴ĸǳ˴ӣҲ˼ʮˡ
ӹȥ󻯳ɫİ͸˫ȶ£һͷܸǰһˤִǰĽˤ˳ȥ
ͬʱ峤ҲȥһͷܼҵĴս
޶ҵʱ̣Ϊ˱ס壬ֻʱ¸˶Թ֣ܿͽͷɱȫ˼ء
ŵڶ죬佫ڻɽΧŰ˼ͷޣ嶼ᱻ̤ƽ
ļС΢ɼЩæžɽİλ˭˵ܰ
ֻЩ޷סʮͷԵһޣŻɽΧޣҲֱܹײͨɽסŰıǽ壬ɽһŨѪζ
Ѫۻѹ˼ޣڵԶͷ˳һʰɽҵһͿѪȣϹǡ
߰죬Ļͷɽ϶ȫ䱸ţһַĸо
ڼ䣬ʮ޳ңΪߵľͷܣĴʦһЩȺӵͨޣɱɾˣûʲô
ʼļ죬ޱȽϵĿ񱩣γΧ˺ˣɽĶɴݱ
ڵھʱһڵǶԵ嵽ΧĴ󲿷ǸɵˣҪҳ֣ܵȥɱޣһܹŵ棬ܹõ޲ϣ̡ܸ
Щϻ˵һڻɱ޲ϡȽи߼չһڵҲǿȫƾԸ
һڵλ֮󣬷ҵһЩҪæһǶףһڵ˵󲿷ˣ϶һֻεɽΣձǰĶ࣡
Ϊ˷ֹЩεϮ壬϶ҪиģվϺ峤סҩ壬׳ɽɱޡ
ԼҪɽģҲԽɽΪ߼ӵҰᣬдﵽ߾绹ûѡļӵܣսѡһʺԼĹ
Ұ˼һҩевϵѾȻأ˱ȷŸõʦҩ֮УҲûʲôˡ
οҪͱΪȥµĻúʣȵŷҩãҰ񷽲ǣ׼ɽ
һ㶣ȻЩһڵ˵ΧĴ󲿷ɱˣɽлǷǳΣյģͰĸѧҲǿ㡣
ĵҲΡ
ҰᶨҡҡͷЦҩ֮ǰ˵ˣ˽¸ֲϵļֵϱﲻʶµϤҶڸֲϵļֵˣҲûҪҩдȥˡ
ȻĵСֻΪ˽ЩϵļֵģΪѧϰ
ҰЦҡͷ
ŲɵõСӵľǿ󣬶Ҳǳʺѧ治ѧ
ҰĵҴѧûѧ
Ȼô룬Ұɲ˵ĵôҪﵽʦУû취Ȱʵ˵ɡ
΢΢ӣС죬˵Щʲôû˵
лأҰΪǧľǧľĻû֣ôȥ
ҰȻĴ㣬ǧľıˣȻǧټƵĽǧľĸ㵽֣
ֻǣʱδ
ڣҰĵǣеĹ


43 
ͷɽɽУҰǰǸɸߵľ޴ʯţг˾̾
ǷҵļأŸ߼Ĺ似ȣ˴䱸ɭϣƽеҲֹڣĺͷĸԼһǿ߶ڰػ
Ұ۾Ĵ£ƾǿľҰокü޶ǿϢڰУڼԼ˵һһ
ƽʱٿţֻڼӵܳΪߵʱ򣬲Żᱻѡ
ȻҰ;߱˽ʸ񣬵һֱ֮Уûüѡý˻ᣬһ롣
վڶǰڼ֮УÿһֹڵŻз֣ܻƷ֣ʹܹϰֹƲ˵ģҲͲð׷˼ˣõҲк棬ǿϰĻֻ˼ˣÿֻ׼ȡһʺԼĹǶȡźһʱȥɣ
ǣڶӵ˷ܵĴȣж˸˷ܵĹѡʺԼĹٶȾͻӿ죬ΪӵҲ죬ڴļʾͻ
ЩУкܶǷҰˣɽꡢȣЩϴﵽͽԲˣµĿޣʱ׳ߡһЩһЩ꣬ҲǸͻƵûõġ
֨ѽ
һƵĿ׳ƶ£ʯų߻ĴˣǴһͨԶŵŻ
ڸճʱ򣬾Ѿ˸ԵˣҲڶ飬ŷһ£һȿֺĳ˽ȥ
ɫŻ沢Եû谵ǽںͶ϶Ƕҹ飬յһ㡣
ǰǸԹƵģȥͨͨڷֱŽľˮԣһͨǱšԡ֡
Ұҵԣʹ˱ˣϣܹҵʺԼĹɽ˸кͽԵͨ
ҰЦŵ˵ͷȻͿ߽˻߽ͨ˷ͨҲѡͨȥˡ
Ұ룬Ŷͨ˹ȥƫľԣֻȵͨˡ
ԵĺҵƥĹ󲿷ֶԵˣǷֱƫԵĹһˮԵˣҲˮ𹦷ĻһˮԹһֻԹڻŨĵطʹûԹˮŨĵطʹˮԹ
Ҳ޲ɣֻתתȥתʱҪʱ䣬ȫΪһĹãʱתԣյЧҲӿ졣ˮͬˣˮҲܹתתɻöࡣ
ͨÿԶһʯţʯеĹĻ֡ĻɫͬеɫеǺƶɫеǺɫȵȣĻҲŨеʾڹǿͬ
ƫ˲˶ƫĳһԣԷҰҲֵ徲һͨۿ
Ұһ·˹ȥеĹĻŨĻеĹĻֻбһ㡣
ߵͨʱ򣬷ҰɵסˣĻȻֻǻɵһ㣬ӹĻĺҲ㱡ͨҲֻеȡ
ϸȥǵŻмּҰȷŻϴûйⲻɵùĺģǰȥǼ֣ƣбأκԵ˶ֻйǰأٶȱһЧһ㣬Ƽʹá
ҰɵסˣôŹֵĹȻֻǰء
ףҰҲһ˷Ұĳ˼
ҰͷȥǷˣЦǰԵģͨûʲôö벻澹κԶܹĹ̫˳Ծˡ
忴˿ҰվĵطЦƷܶˣרҵģκιǧǹǹǸӣκιٶȶܿ⹦ֻܿһܶ˶նˡ
ҰɵüͷܵĸоȫԵĹ򵥡ǷǷŮרҪǹ÷ҰҲЩԥ
һ˼Ұʶ˻飬ĵ飬㿴⵽ʲô˵ʲôԵ˶ܹܲӣϧֻвб
һ벻Ȼֵطƣ
Ұ΢۽ɸߵĺܣˣ˵Щŵæ׷ʵƵʲôģ
˹ĵٶűĹűĹܷӳűĹøԵ޲еĹأ
Ұɵõһ˿Һϵ˵ٶһҵĹǷ׹ٶҵĹǵؽ׹ٶ屶ҵĹ׹ٶ߱ҵʥ׹ٶűҵڴ˵е׹
ô˵ⲻ۵ĹȻ׹
뵽ֻǰأֻһٶȣҰͲɵйˣ̾ϧ׹ֻʣһСˣ׹䵽׹ͬȵĵزˣ̫ϧˡ
ĵûϵڶܹ͸Դˣ޸ֹ𣿡
ֹ޸ҰϲĲ˳׹ζҪĹ
ڵʵֻ޸һС֣ӦܹٶңĹ󡣵ʦӦܹ޸ıң佫屶ңúأ˵
öܷŹҰƷ⣬վڻɫĻǰ˼ƣ׼һȭĻ
Ұ²ӣü΢ĵֹǾƶǷ׵ĹҲǸǿ
ҰЦҶȫԵĹͦȤģûȥоо˵ܱоʲô
ҡҡͷ̾ҾãʣǾƾ˷ˣȵ㷢ǹУҪʱ򣬴õʱҲ˷ˡҪѡֹĻҲɡ
ҰĶ˷쳣ﻹ˵ϷȰ˵óױ似һȭڻɫĻϣĻʧ¶һ֪ʲôƤķƾᣬֻʣһСأҲ֪˶ˡ
Ұϲ̵ĽǰؾؾᣬСһ׹
ڷҰδʱ򣬷ҲһɫĹ֣ȡһҰƳһۣ¶ż֣ˮ
ԭǷˮ˫ԵġҰлȻһͨ˳ȥ
˹ڻɽ֮УΪĽ죡
Ҫ˶ãܹͨྭڣ


44 ͨ
ؼУЦѯʵСҰѡʲô
Ұ΢΢£ƣ
ƣϵЦݽӲϣ˷ҰһۣĵͷƵҲˣҲ֪ΪҪѡһ֧㣡Ѿ꣬ЩҲӦԼˡ
Ұգ۾ЦĻӦˣ似ܸҺԣܷ׹¡
һЦͷɣܸ׹治һšʵڲеĻѡһ׹ϾҲֻһϵ
Ұһ󸹷̣ϵ˼ҽҲôģѵһ
죬ҰͻصԼķУǰصľ˳дӬͷС֡
Ұͨһ֮аԵͷƣվšššţתֻϥʱЧã
棬һ˿߽֯ͼעѪС
ҰףǾƵ·ͼЩӬͷСӡԺ֮󣬷ҰĬƵӡԼ񣬽Ѫͼۿ
ûã˿ٴγڷҰԺУϡɿ徭·أ˿߿ʼкܶطǳ붼벻ľܶʼš
ʱƣҰһ쳹ʮأ첻
һɫӻжȻ˳ϵƬӨ貣ɻ̳һ㣬֣֮͸һеĽһѹ
ϣģֱبŲ˿ߣҰĸо˿ִ׳һ֡
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ʵ飬ģֻ˿ߣȸղٴδ׳һ֡
˿ߵУϸ΢ˣһɫӻгΣ˿Ӵ׳
û֮󣬷Ұת˼죬˿ߵвκα仯Ұ֪Ϊԭ򣬵ȵΪӦûܻ
˵ڵΪݻĹޣֻܻٶҵĹҰȴ
Ұа˼һʹһٶȣѵ˵Ƶľ磬ǻûĻ棿
űٶȵĹ붼𾪣ҰһƬȣȻڻֻٶܸؽ׵ĹȣڷУҲǰéˡ
οջ˵ڵľƳٶ֮⣬ܹսʱҲܹӳȫԵģҵĹȲڵľƣ
Ұ˷ܵĴռ˳ϳ˷֮ɫţҰһռ˳֮еһͷһж
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һϵѪ֮Уǽеľ磬ӳҲޡ
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԰ôأҰ
˼ҾͲԼ밡Ȼǹڵչϵ·оˡ
ûĵܳУȽڵǴѪ⣬滤סڣȻٴӵеԵΪѪеػΪϣͨҲѡ
ͣ£ֵκιҪȫҪྭ澭ȣֻеĹܹصĸϸ΢ľԽĹ漰ϸ΢Խ࣬ӳĹЧԽǿ
ҪͨȫľҲҪͨЩҪܹͨٶȱ죬Ͱչϵ·תͿˡ
һ⣬Ұ߾˸ʶڵǡôֽҪδĵزʱǡʺͨ
ãҾҪʼͨˣҰĿƣгڴ
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ֺôҰϲɫ
ǵȻˣǿҺԵõĿҫһֺЦԽңܵʹԽǿҺȻܻס㾭ѣܵʹҲӵٺ٣ҿɲұ֤ܹܵס
Ұ㵣Ͼͳ˾ǿᶨĵΪ˸ʵģƴˣ
뵽Ұڴϣӹ˼ˮеѸתٵĽˮ̺ɣۿɼٶ׳ڵ
ȵеѾ磬ҰٵȴѸٷֳסྭеӿྭ֮С
ྭ֮УҰԸодǿҵУҰд˿˿ʹȻʹȴǳֻͨһСؾĴ
һϤҰҲŪˣӿֳһĨ׺֮ɫƵеתĸˣеվƵ·ߣһྭ˹ȥ
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ྭһصϰﶼ䣬дһʹʹ־ǿķҰɵƺ߳޴ʹȴʹȥ
һ½ྭֱӴͨԼоŷ֮һ
ٶȣǸ֪»ᾪһ
һ¾÷ҰеݽߣҰ˼ˮѸֽ⣬ͬٴҰٴιĶྭ˹ȥ
˴ͨʱСģ¾ˣϡ͹ҺסҰû˺֮ǣŴεݽ֮󣬷Ұྭȫͨ


45 С
ྭͨ˲䣬ҰԸоΧӦĸӵˣŵеתྭҲɢһɵڣУΪ˿˿
㱼䣬ƺеĿռ䣬һЩ
ҰӿֳһĨϲɫǴͨһľٶȾһأ˹ؼ֮ٶȣȻһ
Ұ˫ۣ³һĴ۾гЦ⡣
֪УɫѰҰɵ࣬ʱûǿ죬ת۾͵ˡ
˰ʱ䣬ͽྭͨٶȣϵ֪»ᾪõʯ
߳ţպ˷ˣ͵Էˡ
Ǿ÷Ұô̵ʱоʹֱͨӵϤĲ˰ɣԺڼȵ㽫ڵҪͨٶȾͿöˡ
Ұһ߰ŷһߵͷһκοõʱͨġ
οĵ˵ͷĿתѩЦѩɫ˲٣ǧҩҲǼ֣Ҫһ֮ڳǺаյġ
ѩЦЦھ͸оˣڲĽײҲܷһЩϸ΢Ĵ죬ӦǴﵽͽԲ˰ɣ
ףģϳ˾ȡ
ҰҲЩ⣬ϲɫŷѩ
ѩգ´۾źƵֱ΢ڴһĴ죬Ȼϸ΢Ҳ쳣
ȻͽԲѩ츳ǿҲĴЦţӳΪ˷ҵһˣŮʮʹﵽ˽ľ磬ܲˣ
ϵôģѩĴ۾ЦѾﵽͽԲˣӮǻͽԲֱӽߣǲǿʹˣ
Ƭ̣ҡҡͷŸսͽԲֱӷûĻȻܹ߾磬ҲҪһʱ̣׸ȡĻϤϤ磬߰죬ٷûͲκεˡ
ޣѩɵĵ˵ͷϵսʤľ쳣ķḻѩȻϵƴӡ
ԷҰҪɽˣβԼǰﰲŵģֳɼ롣һͻƵߵ˱ֵһ飬졣һΪɱޣΪǵʵս顣˵ţҲҪСĵҪ֪ڵĻɽҪΣյĶࡣ
Ұ֣صĵİɵκʱҶģɽС
ŷҰĵڻɽУǧҪСһڵˡ
˻һڣҰͿĿһڰУӼ΢΢ЩһŽѹȥ
Ұɻĵһڵôˣ
ѩҲ˲⡣
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ҰȻӦȴɻ뵽ϵһڳϵʱֵĺֶΣҰֱ鲻ô򵥣ġ
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Ϭţͺһ˶ͷ­΢΢£Ķֱֱӭ˷ɽĳǹ

Ϭţķصײڷɽǹϣ𾪵ĿУӲĽɽеĸǹʿ
ɽȻûϵϬţȻô뺷æȥеĸǹһ֮࣬յıܹϬţĳײ
ϬţӲп˸ȣŭХĳ޴ķɽ
󣡸ҶҰͷͬʱŭһִٵĳϬţ
ͬʱҰͷϬţ࣬һеذףһ˲Ϭţۣһ˲Ϭţۡ
Ϭţҡ¾޴ͷ­÷ҰͷƵذȫϬţϣķ΢㣬ذ״̽ȥңҰ˷ֱڰϬţࡣ
ȻûдͫУҰǿҲðϬţʹֱᣬͫиӵױˡ
ҰһϬţķƫײɽģֱŷڵķײ˹ȥ


49 ǰ
ɫ䣬ײϬţĳײг裬ٵһԡ
ϬţͫлᣬǰľҲЩģһӰԱߣܵӳһͶ٣ǰķһӷ˱仯Ķɳŷȥ
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꣡
еĳӦϣĶֱֱŷظȥ
˫Ŀͨ죬Ұ˰Ϭţϣذ׶βۿԮˡ
ԶۿķҲһѺавãٳ˹ȥϧңԶȵϵƷԻᱻΪˣ
ֹؼʱ̣ҰΣңذ׵ֻȻ֮һǰ塣
ǰ֮ƣɿذ׵֣˼¶ףȭͷϱһɴױ׵ķ˳صڰϬţǰ
ҰλļãϬţǰĵطǧ֮Ϭţ㲻ȣصһ࣬ƬҳǲŷĶƤͽƶǣ
ڰϬţᵹȥʱ򣬷ƾѸٵÿܹ˱ѹµĶˡ
ڹŹǰתһȦµĿ˿ǰƵ·ֿ˿ڵϵİϬţڴϢֹ
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˵ţƿٵĳȥóذװ˳صĲڰϬţУѪȪƵӿ˳
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Ϭţʹ۾ϹһֻŭХҪվ
ҰƴӵһԾȭһɫ⻪³֮óױ似صڰϬţĺϡ
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ҰЦİ˰֣ûʲôӦõġ
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ҰܲܵĸɱģôԼҪ
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ҰȻûֽӹеĵЦǾôˣ
Ƶ˵ͷ˳ֽǷ˱İС
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ڽʱУ˼ǰУ϶һԼԲ޶սǵսԽԽ֮࣬ҲԽԽĬ
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ˮסҰĸңʹľʹ֮£Ұҧţڵȫݿĳྭ֮Уྭ֮ʾɢ
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ҪﵽΪĵزҪȵڵľȫͨС
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뵽ʣµ˵ȫųƵĹԣͬǷҵˣ˭Ҳ˭ҰͻƣǵϽģ
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ҰЦŻӦԭʯ֣ܹڻɽʯ֣Եֲǳ
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Ұĵлʯѣзִ磬ԼЦġ
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ʯЦһĮȻͽ̻ȻˣҲܹԸ˵ġҰӣǿǧ裬Ǹƴܾ˵ʱ򣬾ʱ򣡵ʱ򣬲ǧǵģϵĲҲǵģȡĲҲǵģ
˳ɵ磬²װɣ
ʯĮĵûʲôײףǴ֣ҪѭַǧȫĲϣܽҵľӢһ򾡣ֵǶһˣֻҪ»ڣ˭֪Ǹɵģ
˵ѵӣЩпзŶô
ʯһɭȻǸŮȻиƷʦүү鷢ʱҲִֻݻˣ


50 ˭̣
ȵʯҵߺ󣬷üͷʯҵˣԵ޹ʵ˵ǧ䣬´ĲСҰǧҪ档
ҰĿƵĵҲܸоĳʯģ޷ǾǵǸƴܾ˵ʱ򣬳˰ˡǣΪбҪ֤αʵ뵽˵ʲô̶ȣֻˣܿ˴ߺߣǾֵöһˣ
ĵĿй⻪תڷҰҲ⣬˲úܡ
Ұ˵ҪǧҩܾηѩΪ˻үүǧľĵϢ
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һʯָķǰУʱ󣬷ֹͣͳĵǵΪ̫ͣóȻĻ״ݾߡǾңԼȥ̽ʲô飬һҲһЩ
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ò˵̵ӵķʽȷʵڲͬ÷ҰСС;ͱȳ˳Ķ࣬Դ飬Ҳȳ˿ǵĶ࣬Ǽ˷ҰжѪԣ÷ҰԸôҾϡ
ϸһƻÿһطҰ뱻ߵʱһȫĳѨϮһǼϷҪģҪѹǷֳһ˽볲ѨסĴ󲿷־Ȼǲлᣬǧ裡
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ǹӸȻһڵ
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ҫҡҡͷҲֻɵˣ룬ЩǵʵѾˣᱻȵ˰ɣ
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ҫͷһоͿ̩ˣı˵õˣˡ
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ҫںĵǾĸɾҪκκۼڴУ˭Ҳ֪ģ
Ұ˺ʯҵ˶֪һѲĽɫǧҲ־ڱصã


51 ǧ
ȵɽ紵ľͷ¶ɽּʮӰʯҵˡ
ʯƽϹһ˿ʤȯյ΢ЦĵѾȥǰɽϲ̽ˣ˵룬ûƭƶ־ڽ죬׼ɣ
ʯҵ˶Ħȭƣ²Ҫһ
ҹ棬ҵһֱδ֣ʯҵҲֻһֱڵȴš
ҹɫԽԽǰڰʱһɫӰٴԶǰɽ忿֮ûзκεϢ
ʯҵλ˾һ񣬵ˣҶ
ʯĿ⾼ſٿӰüͷ΢壬ôֻзһˣ
λӵȿ˵
ֻѸٵͬԳһ㣬͵˶ɽ£һ״һ䵽˶ǰ
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ףʲôѵҪ˯ʱȡǧ𣿡ʯҵжǲ⡣
ͷδ䣬Ǿɽдһ̶˻һħԺУûɵĸеһơ
͵ʧˣʯɻ۾һգգŶɽµǴѨ
һӣͼӶѨг˳һ԰͸ɫһȣܾͳֵĳԶ˹ȥ
ÿٶȣƫԣ÷ٶȹȻˣǾ룬ҲĻᡣʯҵɫ΢
ţһ̶˻һӴĺɫӰӶѨн׷
һʮɴСľ޴룬ֻֻţͷԳĴҲһ˫ҵɽһŷʧķ׷ȥ
ڷʧҰеʱ򣬾ͼҰһ˳ҰУٳ볲Ѩλóȥ
ʯԣڵɽӵ붴ȡǧ裡ٶס룬Ҳøɱˣƣ
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ʯһۣһ΢΢˵ͷһӣ֣ǣҺȥȡǧ裡
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ʯʣ˶˷Ұһ˵ıؾ֮·ϣ϶Į飬óŷҰһǰ
ڿʯҵʮԶʱ򣬷ҰʯҵЦִ̧˸ƣһ˿ٵתʯ˾㵵ĿУʧɽ档
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Ұй⻪˸ţҲó˰ɣ
ѸٵĽǧץס˫һչҪߡ
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׷ŷӱߣ֮УֻںӱͣסΣŭںӱ߼˻һͷɱʯҵˣȷ
ʯҽʣİ˾Ÿ˶ðƷҵģ벻ԷһѣŪǧ裬һ˲ء
ۺ붢ϣҲӦֻƴӦս
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⴦սĵطʮ⣬һҫҡԴԱλߵ̩壬ĿĵزԶˣӿٶȰɣǧѾˣ
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ڷҰ˺޲£Σһƽ


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ҫɫ΢öɫڻУɨųС
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ʯ⳯ŲԶһָǷֵģǧʹӺжˣҲ׶㵽δȥˡ
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̩ӱߣðɫ·ģû뵽֮С
Ƭ̩֮ջеصҫߣȥˣµϢжϣߵԼаʱˡ
ҫȳźһָ緢ĵ
ʯҵô죿̩˾䡣
ɱڣҫɱȻ˵˾䣬תźζȥ
ʯҵȫɫ䣬벻һǵǶҪɱ
ʯⱾվںϣҫɱȻĻɫȻһ䣬˼뵽֮УҪˮߡ
ߣûôף̩ЦһҲˣһ˺УõúеˮѸðһƬѪɫ˳ˮΡ
ͣ
ѵӶߴ̩һݣƿϵֵĹˣӲ̩Ҫˡ
̩æջٴƣźŭնȥ
飡
һҵײ촫ʯҵǸӵұ۴ѣϡ
ߣ˫ĿѪһıס̩̩˫񱩵Լϣǲ֡
һеʯˮԶʣµʯӵҲæ뵽УҪźˮߡ
̩ϾӸһ󾳽磬˸һɫķģһײӵıȥ
̩ӵķһӵͷ­ͷ˳ȥ
ʣµʯҵ˶˺֮У̩ŭ˫ּ䷺һŨĻɫźһġ
䣡
ɵĺըɸߵ˻ǱƵģڵð
Ƭ֮Ǽҵ˶ƯǱƵģȫͨ죬ûϢźƯΡ
̩űӵССȥѸտʼеСӸˣе⼸ʬҲҪκεĺۼ
ǣӦһٵĳθ˹ȥ
ֶ̩һƬ棬еĶ֫嶼յøɸɾ̧һƬɽʯ򶷵ĵصסʣµˣٵĸҫ
ɽһٲϣҰһ˽ĵȺʱٲǰĺš

ˮ춯ˮðһͷĴɨһۣ˶ˮ˳ڷҰ˵ǰǷˡ
壡ɵƯҰ˵ӭȥ
ԪתһŨİɫ·ٵɣЦСҰƵĻͦ׼ģʯҵȺӹȻڰУ¿͵ʴˣ
ǧ赽˰ɣҰлЩ
ӻͳһƿһǣ¶һӲӵ裬͸˿˿ŷϢ
Ұ΢΢˿ôǧŪ֣ϾǷֶµģҰҲֱӳҪ
Ȼ΢΢£ɫ䣬ٽ뻳УҴҵһãǿеˣȻȫҵָӣҪóȻ𻰣Ȼǿܶ
Ұ˶ɫصŷĿ˹ȥܿ죬ҫһ˾ͳҰС
ҵ˶ߣҫҲ΢΢£ЦŴкԭǷҵѰҫˡ
æȭˣ벻кιɣ
ҫܵĵ˵ͷĵ͵ǵǧ裬Ǵɽһ·׷ɱ˹ǰòɱ룬ϧûҵǧ衣ѭǧϢ˹֪λǧ裿


53 ҰĴ
ɫѸٱ˼£Ұ˵ɫҲ쳣ΪһڵӵķƶЩޣҪ̧ۣѹ
ִӻͳǸ˫ţЦԭǧİɱҵõˣԭɡ
ҫ΢΢һЦŵͷ̩壬ȥѶȡɡ
ˣӦõġǫЦš
̩ӷȡǧ裬򿪼£ٻصҫߣҫ˵ͷ
ҫ¶һ˿Цݣʾ̩
̩ҪҪɱǣ
ҫЦŵˣȻôʶ࣬ͷһʯҵҵҲˣ»Ĳɣοм仹иһڵʦֵܣͷŮҲڣ֡Ȼҵ鷳ˣҲǾǲҪ˵
̩ͷӦǡ
ҫˢһȣЦΣлҵˣʹ˱ڣ
ٴιһ
ȵһڵԶȥų˿
Ұгŭɫȴ쳣Įаʲô
ҲһĮδ
ɽͷȴ̲סˣ˳ʲô¶ǷѾ˼õǧ裬͸ˣ
ͷҲвƽ֮ɫ
ƵɫҲ÷ǳѿŭߵһڵȷʵ̫ˣһһڵĵӣǾ͸Ե۸λܹڣΪҪǣ
ֹ̧ǣѵûиоһӺŨҵɷҲ²⣬룬ʯҵ˶˶֣ǲǧ裬˶
ɣɫɷ׵ʵ
ҰĮȻǴ֣һжпܷҪ巴ӦĿ죬촦ˡ
ɺĵǼǷҵϣֻҪܹȥǷҾԻ͵Ļᡣǧ趪˻ң˿ɾͲٻˡ
Ұһۣж͸һӼᶨ顣
ʵ
ô˵ӵӦʵܹӵеλ϶ûУ
ء
һԶǺţоʹ˷ǺȥԶĴжͷɫľǣÿһͷǶһɫë͸˿˿ȵϢ
Ⱥһ
ȺȻûޣȴףΪ͵Ķﵽ޵ĵزһЩǿǴﵽʦľ磬ΪߣҲֻǴﵽʦԲ磬ȺУ޷ҳ
ҰкĮĵﲻܻлȺֵģȻһģ
˫ĿԲһۻϢǿΧȺ΢΢£ĵƾȺȺ޷ǣֻǸӵС鷳һڵڸǾ棬ǲҪ˵壡
ȻӻȺдһǺһƥƥѵصʿƵģٵķгɶӣһ̶Ǻű˵˳ŷҰһϯ
ɫ쳣أͺһΧһȦӣϷأȥɱͺöԸĶˣ
ԱϣֳһԻɫ˫ĴţѰλá
Ұ˱ΧһȦӣжһذףÿǿʱ򣬾ͿĴ̳ÿһ´̳һƥǵ£õΧ˶˲١
Щ˵ǵΪָ࣬ӣƬ֮˹ҲˣƼΪ
ҰңԼλػ쳣ܣʱʱĻܹ֧ԮԱߵˣͷиֳƵӡȻδ־ȵľ磬ΧһжѸԺС
壡ǰʮɣҰѸٵıķλ
˳ŷҰķλȥͼһƥӾ޴ĻɫѸٵŷλʱطһ򳤻̵ǺȺĽ
Ȼ֪ҰôķλģҲ»ϸʱ򣬵İ͸˫һչ֮Ƶĳ˳ȥٵ÷λ
ɣŭһֶâķɵѸֶ
㺮âٵĳŻ˹ȥƿ̵öĤһʹȫ¶ڡ
ء
һУܻȵϢӵŨңٵֻ̧ǰצķɵһֱܹҲܲȥˡ
ۣۣ
𣬻ʹͲſܹ˾Ҫɵֱǰϡ
ƸӵͣһգеһذףУذϰһɫԪԵĳŻͷ­ֱȥ
ԣ
ϵǱذֱֱĲԴ֮УųͭͷǵԴƵģ޷סֺ
ǺȻֱֹͦͦĵһߡ
佫Բĸ֣ԸʦԲĻֻҪ׼˻ķλǻֵ
һֱ壬ȺŴңһƥƥɫǶߣܿɢĸɸɾֻһصʬ塣
Ұһ˶ҵĴϢţɽ˶ٶЩˣϱץѪۣԵ쳣Ǳ
ƺ޺޵ĵҫҲ̫ˣٵɱǶˣԺҲȥһڱˣȥ
ɫ԰ףֱҲмѪۣü΢߷߲ƽĵ˵ĶԣڴУ˭ȭͷ˭˵㣡ҪһڿƣǶҪӱŬУֻʵȥˣܹҪһڵɫ£
˵ļԪ£ǰ˿ڣ̾ϢڣǵʵǿȵǼҲּĸ֣һҲǣǣǽ֮䣬躹ޣţܳɳŻΪĶ֮ţעĿֻɱ֮
ȫͷ̣ܽһڵӵķƣҲһʹ
˽ϻǵԼצȲȫȡ˳ǻҲȡ˷˱İҲˡ
ɫһ࣬˵ǧ裬ܹܹʶĲпᣬҲûаһˡҵİҲˣҲûؼһˡ
Ƶ˶ͷӦǣɽ˰ˣһǾգҲѧ˺ܶľ飬Ǹûȥһˡ
ʯĴʲôţֻҪ޹أͼװ֪ûǻ
˶ͷʾס
Ұй⻪˸Ҳ֪ЩʲôȻڵȻȥɣĺܣ
ȫ㵵ŷҰ˷Ұһۣʲô㣿ỹǧɣ
ҰЦȺ佫кüиѹҿɲǡֻҪİɣҲɽ̫ġ
Լ̫Σ˰ɣг˵ġ
Ұ¶һĨǿɫЦû⣬Լɽһ¶û⣬һСĵġ
ŷҰϵľǿ׷ҰѾȰ˵ҲûʲôˣֻõԼСĵڵĻɽɲͬյĻɽ쳣ļңǧ򲻿ɴ⡣
Ұ֣صĵͷСõ缲Ҫҽأɲȥ
ĿŷȥҰѸٵתһȥķ׷˹ȥ


54 ֶ
Ұ׷Ѱһȥķȥ׷أҲһڵȥķˡ
ȵû˵ʱ򣬷ҰֱӳŻ飬ɪˣҪ׷Ѱһ˵Ϣ׼ʱǧ裡ʲô޵Ϊ񣿡
ͨ󣡡鲻鲻Ըĵ
Ұɫһϲͱͨ󣬰ѰһȺ˵Ϣע⣬һҪźԶУмڣ
ĵ֪ϴҵ㻹֪𣿲ҴţڣκֶӵǸϢʱΧȺǣҸͲöֻҪһϢȥȻСֵܱģ
Ұɫ΢ű䣬飬ܹȺ
鲻˼ĵǿԣƣֻܵȺΪҵ͵ޡڣСҲֻܷӳ޴ԲʵȺΪ޴ԲҶܹˣϵ޶˹֮Ҵﵽ磬ҲԵޡ
Ұ˫ĿƬ̣˷ܵĵɽУ˼ɵľǸֶ棬Ыӡܡߡ򼡢֩롢䡢ϵȵȣ˻νˣǿߣҲֻӣһ֣
鲻ĵôЩĵĶܱ𣿱ǣ
Ұɫһ壬ǵȺǷҵ߰˸˶ɱȥɱһڵЩˣɻǣҸұ֤һ¶ͷͻᱻɵֻܵҽʦپѡһҲɵˣõĳ˯֮Уѡȥˣͱɶ߰ɣ
ҰԣҲЩ£ñҲգΪ˰ȫԽСĻԽһǱɶɣﵽ޾Ķ䣬ҲǺһģ佫ϵʿ壬Ҳס޾ĶĹñ¶ΣʺȺŹˣ
Ұ;һȣгһɫĹ⻪ڷҰǰһɸȭͷСɫ䣬ڷҰҼϣϷĵĹһ֪綾ޱȡ
仯Ķᶶ˶򣬷ҰϾһͳֻȭͷСɫҰУһŨĶ÷ҰеһͷƤ顣
ֻ޼ĶڷҰǰͣڳ̫·ĵĹһƬɫĶƷУĻꡣ
һһε֮ɢǽֻһ˷˳ȥ
Ұ΢΢˿ɻĵﵽ޾Ķ䣬ֻֻ𣿹ƾЩ䣬κβһڵĵӣһѻܹչˡ
ûĵϴ󣬵Խ࣬ҵľԽ졣һӵʮֻҲû⣬ֻǻָطҾ͵ʵʵĹȥϢˡֻǶǽмӣûҪô˷ѣȵҪʱٵǧĶǹܹȡЧ
Ұд󶨣ǧֻҲҪ˱ᣬڴһжǧ裬Ұİոˡ
˰СʱҰٴ˶һֻٷ˹һ
ҰֲͲ֪ⶾ䵽鴫ЩʲôϢѯʵ飬һﵽ׵õʲôϢ
ڷҰԺ𣺡ϴҵһڵˣǾǰʮ⡣
ܼǣҰϵĵ
˫£һֻͷֻط˹ȥ
ȫҰҲҿֻ̫һ߰׺ţȺֵʱ
һڵˣΧת˼죬ɱ˼ͷޣδʲôŭԹ
ڷҰٵĵʱ֣䴫һЩֵϢ
һ̽Ϣ˹ˣһҫһ䣬ҫɫ˼£ɫһݣ˰˰֣׼ԸʲôƵġ
Ұ˫й⻪˸˼һоǸѵõĻᣡ
ܹҫΪѵ²ʲô򵥵Ĵڣпǻɽܲǻɽˣ
ҰҲЩ棬ҫҪŸҳֵĴڣȻͬѰҫջѡ˳֣׶ԷʲôĵĶ
ҰһƬȣлĶƿŶȺҰҲЩգֻҪֵ̫лһ
Ұ˳Żָķٵǰš
֮󣬷ҰԶԶļһڵˡ
ڷҰһɽʯͷȥʱأһڵокüˢĻͷŷҰķɱˡ
ҰȻȻϵģǴﵽ佫ܹ鲼ȫʱ򣬾ܹдӦźԶܹӦעӵĿ⣡
һڱҪԸ˱ͺܼ֣˿Ҵ⣬Ұʱ͵ͱȺеǼ佫ϵˡ
ҰоԾһʱͽĿתƵһߣȥѪҺٶȶһľƵģ߽
͵̩ҫ
ҫɫĵûвʲôλ
̩һ۾ĴɨĿ֮񶼲ҳǿĻꡣ
λﵽ佫ʿҲٴеĴɨţǶԼ쳣أй¶ȥڳˣ˭޷
̩֮΢΢£ĳ嵽һɽͼ䣬гһĺɫɵٵֶ
ۣ
һ˶Ļͷն̩Żͷҫߣ΢΢˿Ƕˣֻһֻδ޵ϻ
ҫ̩еĻͷأСĵĵ̩壬ûϢҪҪԱܣһڶôȥⲻã
̩ٴϸӦһɻջĿ⣬ӦûϢˣûиӦ˵Ҳ֣⼸죬һֱ˼ӵĸо̽˼Σûκη֣ѵھĸ֣
ҫһͳ̩˸ɫЦ̩ˣھĸǲһʶģᰵмǡôҶǰʮ͵ϻĹˣǡѡıؾ֮·ǧܳ˲ӣ
ҫĴ£ڶһڵ˿ٵʧС
Ұ˿ղһĻܾգ¶ΣԻȫʬ
վڷҰԺ𣺡磬𶯣ǲδԶͷͶǰһϣ
Ұһ亹ſʯ棬һҶҲҳ
벻ԷȻҪȥǻѣ·Ұ촦ˣ
СʱҰϴһƿ̩Ȼڸղͣĵطɻһ䣺ûˣǶˡ
̩ѰһȦδҵκεεҡҡͷת뿪ˡ
˰ʱڷҰԺ𣺡ϴϼһˣˣ
ҰаȻԼĸ֮仹кܴĲ࣬ҲҸ֮ˡ
ҫ׼ʮĶϻĹȷˣǻǰϹȥɡѡ
ϻĹǾԲܸǰ棡Ƿˣ϶Һõطģǰȥֻᱻ׽ԶԶ׺ŰɣҰй⻪˸Ϸ˻Ľ顣
лָҰҲŪ򣬾ԶԶ׺һ˵ĺ棬׼׼ʱ֣


55 
Ұһ˶ϻĹ⣬ȵһڵȫϻĹУҰһɽһɽϣɽ嶥Ѱ˸εĵط۾·ۿɱȫⶼޡ
һɽеһ˲δķӦ÷Ұа˿ɽȴš
Ѫϼߣ綼ȾһƬɫѪȾƬ硣
أеͳ˵ҵĽŲɽȿڳʮӰÿ϶ɢһļµϢ
ʮӰƶɢңϸȥ򣬱˴ܽÿһܵԱߵ˶ڵһʱ֧Ԯ
ǸḻԶ飡
÷ҰȵǣȺ˵϶մȾƬƬѪҲ֪ǵ˵ĻԼġ
϶͸һɹ쳣Ũҵɷرһһ٣ϵɷʵһ㣬֮˸˿˿Ϣ
ҰĬƵӡпĶӵˣȺشŵıǣ׵ͨ죬Ծ쫷ӵأ׽·˿˿֮
׸ˣ
Ұ𣬷׸һڵ˾ɷ츮½Ͻе׿Խһ½˥
ô˵λλϢ꣬пǷ׸еĳλҪǣ׸
ƵӡļӳɣҰԷ׸Ҳÿ˶ɫЩ԰ףҲ֪Ǿ˶ôҵɱ
ͣ
Ȼ׸ڶӵλƣͣ
ƽ壬ʲôԾ𣿡λ˫ĿķͫԼ˿˿׵֮
ɽҪǷѳ϶ˣСĵá
꾹ȻǷ׸
굶̰¶һ˿ϣеĵƽ壬޲𹥻ݾߣ
ߵͷӦǣ͸˿˿ɫ磬˫ƽ죬ϸֳһӨӨķġ
ˢˢˢ
ٵɫķдг޲ĴӶϻĹ໮ɽʯ£֦ҶƮɣõƬɽȶҶͻҳ֮С
֮󣬶ϻĹȲŻָƽţûκε쳣
Ұаͷվڸߴ쳣һڲĺü˶иˣȴûк߳
һԼıĻӣҲѪˣԵ˲̣ҶԼҲ쳣׺ݡһƥƥȴϹĶһ㣬ܻôӣֻҪֵʱ򣬾;ᱩ¶ԼΣ
Ķ֣£
ߵ絶ɨܣκһ紵ݶ۾ã΢΢˿ЦҶˣɽһڵĵ̣زʲô˸ҶǶ֡
־裬ǰһӣ˫ĿƵɨɨȥ˽ϻĹС
Ұ濴İԽȺˣ֪̽ΣȻûзһڵ
Ҫǽɽʱһھռ˾ԵȺϻˣҪ˶þͻᱻɱĸɸɾ
ȵ׸ȫûǧ裬͸ûϣõˡ
ܾһڣҰתˢһɱŨɱгֱķ׸ˡ
׸ߺӵܵɫˢһ±ˣǱΪҲ̧ͷһۡ
Ϯ׼ս߻ɫ˫ü΢һγ˫Ŀɨʯϡ
Ѹٳ򵶻򽣵УԶ·λ걣룬ĴѰǵĿĵص㡣
λһս⣬˫һգһԵĳǹУͨ˸ŵ׹ƣ·ΪһƵģ͸һɹ˵ѹ
ҰһаԾ
ӵԣѪ֮Ϳڣڵ֮У϶ȣӳǿ
Ǳǹгģֻֿԣһӵд˵еĴռ䣬ǹ
ӵд﹦ܵﶼ쳣½ҲòǷ׸ܹӵдռĿҲûС
ټǱǹӵѰԣҰһʱ뵽ˣǹ
׸Ƭ֮ͳ׾ڰеҫɵаĸ쵰¶Σ鷳ˣ
׸ǹ֣͸ƶǿ̧࣬ͷɽ࣬͸˿˿ҰϢ׸ڴˣȥ·һɣǹճһˣ

ÿ֣ÿ
ҰаһΪ׸ٸɰԾƣη̬ʯҡؼҡּνľӢӵܾûУ߸Ͳһȼϵġ
ҫ˫â˸Ǽϣò
Ҳϣ֪ȴȥᱩ¶ϵĺȵż
ݡ
ҫ£ʮ͵ļʸ±ڲ·űĹ󣬼ŷƿ׸ȫڡ

׸׼бܲ͸磬Ϯļʸ¡
󱲣񱬺һűһ˦˿˿⣬һȻİԵ͸
δ䣬±ϣַʮȻ׸ٴνʸǱһ꣬Ҳ˵˿ڶѿҲ˲١
꣬ߵ߳ƽѿ˼ʸԴȵʸ˾ͿٵڿնٵУŷʸʮص㡣
ۡ
ü˸ֱӴ±ԵȻ
ɱһȸɵƥ򣡡ҫȴӹľԺվ˳ȳ·һӣɱȻ
̩ˢһ´Աһʯ󷽳ֳܸһĻɫģųƽĻᣬһɰԵĻ̩ɽѹ֮ƣųƽȥ
ƽϸֳӨӨķģǻɷƵģѸٵıõһߣѸٶݡ
ûа͸˫ܹڰзУǴﵽ˲žе÷ҰĽѡ
̩һ֣ڰеһڵӶ˳ƻ·ķ׸ˡ
һһϳһڵıǣһڼȻҳ֣ûԼȥŭһڣԭȺ飡СүҪǲضһڼȮ
׸ҲߣŭŸһڵƴɱ
ϧ׸˱ֵ֮ڵĸټһ˵ΪֲǣһӴ׸˾ͱѹ·磬ҪǱ˴֮ϵĺãһ¾Ҫ촦ˡ
׸ű˴˵Ĭѵĵֵס˵һҲֲ˶ˣǳ顣
гǹĪ⣬Ȼδ̤ʦ磬ʱҲǸͻƵģƬ̼˺üʦ
Ұҡҡͷǳƽˣ̩ѹĺ޻֮ڶ׸Ҳֲ˶ˣȥҪ˶ã׸˾Ҫȫû
׸군ˣôҰҲûлˣ
Ұ˫бֳɱĮĵ飬֣


56 ջ
׸Ѿ᧿Σж¶˿˿飬׺ޱȵĳҲ˿ڣѪ״転
̩ƴĳƽҲ̾˿׽׶༪ˡ
ҫҲ¶Ц飬΢΢˿Է׸֣й¶˳ȥһڶҪ군ˣ
ѾȲʤȯҫǲٵģӸµųһˣЦ񣬺ߣҲн죡ʵʵĽͲϣٹ飬һȫʬ
˫üб͸һɷЦСүҶ鲻ɣСүҪֻҪ¸ҵս㹻ˣΪ˽ܣΪۣܺùͷڹƵĻţ
ҫЦ˵Щʲô϶ȻһͳɻĻعͷȥʱɫ䣬󷽣Ķ۳һƬյĶƣÿһֻȭͷСֱ˶
ؼʱ򣬷Ұڳˣ
ҫŵûɢץסһϵٵĳ·ɽȥ
ˡ
ǧֻĵĶҫ·ȥÿһֻɢ˿˿һԵ졣
ҵ඾䣡ô࣡
һڵˣǷ׸ˣȫɫ
඾ڶжԼΪŨҵһ֣ϵֻҲ£Ǿۼǧֻÿһֻﵽ޾磬ĸ֣ҲͷƤ顣
඾بŲĳ񶼱ɫ᧿Σֳô޼඾䣬˭޷ƽĶԴ
̩壬ңҫʧĳ̩ҲֻǸߣô඾䣬ûһ˿ֵܹסֻܽϣ̩ϡ
̩Ҳˣһϱһۻƣֳ̧ĳһƣлɫķ˸ʱΪ棬Ƭ඾䶼һɽζ
ҫٸѹһɣа˿ٵĶܵһߵĹľУҪܿ඾ĶĿ඾Ĺ

ƽƻӶеĳ̩ظ仮һѪۣÿ죬һ¾ܽն
̩Ȼܹն֮ҲܣõһߣҲԷݣҶ඾ڣ׸Ҳܣƴű඾ݼڣҲҪ˷׸˵
̩׼ƽͼ඾ٴγӿеǣճȺӵ඾ָƵģȻܹ˳ƽֱԼ
ƽԼҲЩ㵣֪ʲô飬̩æҵӣҲ˲̫࣬г̩նɱ˹ȥ̩ܿ˲ʡ
ǣɽе˶㵣඾価ܹ˷׸ˣרһڵ֣ʱͽһڵصĿ޵
ϲڰǣ˷ܵĴлѳǣɱǣ
׸ҲӦ˹Ǵ˼ѪƵģŸһڵڶӿɱ
޾඾Ƽֱһ浹һڵһһĲҽŵ£ÿ϶ʮðŶĵŧѪ
Ƭ̵Ĺһڵ˾ڵأΨ̩Ϊ񣬻ڿš
ҫ̩Ҳֲ˶ˣҲ˲ôˣӲ˳ûĳŶϻĹ˳ȥ
ҰһֱϷҫܣμ䣬ڶϻĹȹȿڣҫıؾ֮·ϣϷ඾䣬ӵħһ㡣
Ұ㣡ҫϳ˲ŵɫ
ҰĮĵңֻ˲õĶ
ҫ촽£˫ϥһæӻͳʹĵֵܣŶ磬Ҵˣһ·ɣǧ棬ͷĽҲ棬ȫˣң
ҰĮҡҡͷЦֵزΪһȥɱ㣬һܹõҪĶ
ԱϣҰһӣȺ඾ͳҫΧ£ȥ
̩ɫŭҪ֧Ԯҫȴƽ˻޷뿪
ȷ׸ȫűڵĴϢţɫɵŷҰô඾ڣҲҿ
Ұ˺ҫ׷ҰԼ˱ɱ֮ģ͸Լղŷʱ̬һԼŻȥ
ҫЦһҪɱңûô򵥣
δ䣬ҫüĻ˸һֻɫȸüģ͸Ʊʦ˿
ҰаݣҫڵƣϸϵʦˣʹﵽֵزǲС
ֻҫüĵȸС΢ţ³һϾĺɫ棬ҫ档
඾ոտͱճޣж඾俿޷ƿ㱡ķ
ȸԹ컯еȸҰԺ鼤඾һҲ˷ܡ
컯飿ȸҰɵ촽컯飬ǿǴ˵еĴڣ벻ҫȻ߹ʺˣõ˴˵еȸ
ҫô඾䶼޷ƿд󶨣ĴЦҰİɣǷɣ¸㣬һöʮǰģСõĲǸʱµģȻ²⣬ȴҸһڶ
ҰɫѸһŭȼա
׵ˣҲʹϵΣϵδ߹
ԭȻһµĶ֣
ѹϵһڵôأѹϵСһڵˣѹᵽһڵˣ׻ʧأ
СʮĿ࣬ȫһڵ˸ɵģ
ʱ˿̣Ұеɱ쳣ŨңңԶĳ˶еһĺ⡣
죬ˣҲȲ㣡Ұϲ˷ɱ⣬һȻһɭȻĺɫذף˸ŷĺâٵ඾䣬ֱҫɱ˹ȥ
ҫЦعӵĹЧѾߴԲܾˣƾڵΪƾʲôҶ
ɱҰŭأƵӡת˲ʹ˾ȵľ磬һ˼ĽǶȱܹҫķеĺɫذ׿ٴҫĲϻ
ҰĶͬˮһ㣬÷׸˶Ŀɿڴս񶼾
ͣ
˶ȵǣذ״ҫϻֻǴһĻ𻨣δƿһ
ɫذϻյͨһƬڵؽױ
ҰΪһɱŶѩܷܷĺɫذף벻ذҲ޷ƿķ
ҫЦҵķƲˣɱңΰ㣡
æϴδ컯Եʣ޷ӳ컯ĹЧ컯ʱԻסҪƳַһҪӵԶķУ
ʲôӣ˵ɣĥĥģҰһӾа취һҲȴٵ齻š
ҲˮɴĵĴϣ񶦵ӡǸֳˣܹȥķһܹȸ۳
Ұ𣬷ŭҲ͸һɿϲɫܹõ컯еȸ
£ҰҲɣذ׽֣ԾҫߣǧҶʩչҫڡ
˾ȵľ磬ҰܿҫĻƣİиֳ񶦵ӡǣҫĻ涼ɢȥ
ܣҫŵɫҰף
ҰǹĮЦݣеذ׻һĨĻȣҫͷ­˳ȥأԳ˲š
˶δע⵽ҫüеȸεĻӡʧҰ֪뵽ĵĶӡ֮С


57 丸
̩ĿѣĶŷҰҪ̻Ƶġ
Ұһָʣµ඾䳯̩Χ£ȥ˲ͽ̩Χһ㣬ʹĻ棬Ҳ޷ڶʱ඾䡣
ɣƽŭһ̩඾ڵסߵĻᣬг̩бնϣ̩նѪܵ룬Ƭʬδأͱ඾صĿȫǡ
඾һͣڷҰߵľϣ·ľΪһ壬ϸ
Ұҫͷʬѳǧļ˻С
лѾ֮Ƿ׸ĳֻҪһһڣԶǺֵܣǱĳǹЦųŷҰ
ҽзҰȫûҪôֻûҵĶҰЦɱž裬״λкøУҲ޷ȫ
˰֣ɫ֣ҲƴǣȫԵ֮ٶֵģҲὫһЩ˵߰˰ˣҲöԸĶ࣬ܰϵĶΪСǣȴûôڹؼʱ̾ǣճҲ飬Ƿˡ
˵ţ˰˰֣ŵϵʬʾ£ʱЩ¶ЦŽʬ߰еĲʲôĶ£һ𣬷һƤУݸ
ֽƤӶҰЦЩӦõģЩСЯҲ㣬Щ
Ұ˳ֽ˹Цŵлֿ˻
׸նʱҲˣĺöв٣߰˸ʮٸһצƤǵȲϣ÷Ұзǳ⡣
⻹Ƿ׸˹˼ԵʣĻЩȥ඾ڵһҲŹ
ҰƤЦŵƺˣҪ鷳λЩ඾Ҳһɣ
Ц⵹ð죬඾ڵôã
ҰںĵʶһҲףֵǺȾˣ
СȻˬ죡׸˶ЦǺǵȥʬˡ
ĿƵŷҰ̾ѵɽһΣ벻ɽȻǲа
ƽҲһ˿ЦݣѵɽǲԻǰλСͬˣǲǵǰϵλҲǸ˲õ
һţȻˣˣҲʮͣǿһͿӲĴͷжǧ֥ȻԼҲЩˣҲͷشΪˣǲܹҸɵͷһڵ졣
ǧ֥Ұ΢׷ʵ˳ʲôӣ
ԼѮһϮ£Ƿ˫Ŀ΢΢Щݣˣ㵹м񡣡
ҰŨüµĴ۾쳣оŷְܹȷ˵ˣϵ
ϵ˵ϵǧҩЩͷ벻ȻҵϵǧҩһǴͷжµģϵΪϵ
ˮϵǧϵǧϵǧԼϵǧ֥Ѿ֣ǧҩֻʣ·еǧľˣ
Ұϵɫɫ΢ʶˣ
ҰЦô᲻ʶû´ĻǾǼҸ
ͳƽȵĵɴ۾Ƕĳ鴤£֮󣬲Ÿ̾ĵ丸ӣ
΢˼£ӻͳһƵ˹ȥǷ׸ƣƣҷ׸ϱ½ߣܶʱҪĶࡣ
Ұӹƣϵͼشͼͬ׵ͨ죬쫷ӵأŷ׶֣ʲôʵġ
Ұ𣬳ų˵ͷЦһ£ʹ˸ˣʬ廹ǾĸɾϾ˴һڵΧ˷֣ʼղ
˸ŨҵɱЦİɣһڣQ˶ˡ
Ұ֪׼һڶˣ
ɽ͹ҵˣ׸ٶһڶ֣ɽӵĻңͼ֮ҲٲˣҪλֻܲϣ
£ҰɾתȥΧ඾䶼˵ĸŷˣõ÷׸˶˿ô඾ڣ˭Ҳ޷
ȵҰȥ󣬳ƽɻĵΪͳȥˣƣͳǼɶǿߣȻǵҲ˴ɣ
΢Цƽ壬ֵýύ
ô򵥣ƽԲôš
ƽѵûע⵽óǺɫذף
ƽһ£üǵؽ׵ı𣿻
˵˵ţƽʲôȻһʧѩı־
ʼ磬˵Ƿ׸½ϻܹ磬ȥ֮кܶǣȻѩ˽Ĳ࣬ҲףǾܹǵģңҰиôϵ͵ľ
ƽΪȻĵ˵ͷԳҲûκε顣
˽õĶպãֽʣʬһѻ˸ɾĨȥۼѸȥ
˶뿪֮ɽһʯϣðһӰɫɷ׵ɽУг˾ɫϡԿʯߵʯ⣡
˭û뵽ʯ⾹Ȼλ佫ǿ˳ǡڰУһĻ
ʯⰵ˿ҺǳݣǷҰ඾𾪲ѣȫ֮⡣
ȵҫ˳֮׸󱨸ľԱһɱʯӵܵѪ벻ؼʱ̷ҰȻˣƻҪĸˡ
ʯµȥķֿ˿Ұ뿪ķɷ׵Ͻ¶һ˿ЦҰȻһɱȻҲҿûж֡ߣʯңǡÿǽ赶ɱˣңɣǼֲ׸ģ
ʯʧڻ谵ҹɫУȥķһڣ
Ұ֪ʯڰУҲ֪쳣ѼңڵõƵϲС
ҰӶϻĹ뿪Զһû˵ɽУƤӴǰľϳЦݡ
ǡצëƤȲ϶ɢ΢ӨĹ󣬴ģʦġ
һڵЩ۽缫ߣͿһ޵ĲϣռĴ󲿷ֶʦģһЩ̩ѳĲϣǼֵǣ
ϵĲ֮⣬нٿɫ龧÷Ұ۽硣
Ҳв٣ÿһ涼̺žĸϵЩϵļֵߣ
Ҫǣлƿҩ
ҰóƿͼƿϸŸСǩдšС֣ƿдһģһ
ҰԺиֳĹЧܹڶʱѸٻָ
Ұϲ̵ĴҩƿʱейƲƲ죬ÿƿֻһŵҩ
ô˵еҩܱûǿҰϡ龧ҩﶼŵƿռУƤֻʣöʦϵһЩϣʮöһϵȣѩܷܷĺɫذҲһ˽ȥſʼصȸ


58 ȸ
Ұռ֮УһӣͼԵһĻ
ããĻϷһֻɫСȸĳɫë˸Żɫϼ⣬΢΢ȶʱ޾Ļ棬նյȥ
Ȼһɫ񶦴ǿƵĽɫСȸУСȸײ޷񶦵ķ
֪˶ãܵĻϢʧٴλԭΪƿռ䣬Ұϵﶼһԡ
Ҳģ͸ǻɫСȸѾʧһŻεĹӳڰУӡһֻչɵȸԡһ֮УǿһۣҰ͸о·궼ȼƵġ
Ұɵ촽̾ȸϸ˵ѾɢˣȻܹ۳̫˼ˣ
ָô඾䣬ʱЩѣ»Ϊһɫţĵʲô컯鼴Ǳˣ컯齫ɢɢ
߸ոһʱУвطܹ֮۳񶦲õȸϢǲҪ֪޾鷳
ҰԵ˵ͷĶȸ˿ҺЦǲ̷ܹȸˣ
ҪճɻҽĻ԰ɣҲ㡣
ҰɵһɻĵҫΪ
鲻мĵҲֻȸ֮һ󲿷ֶ˷ѵˣңʮǰ߶ǣܹ϶ƷϵĵҩסȫҪһ˹֮Ļǿĵطпܳɹ⼸ﵽһ֣
Ұеһйűɽȴãʧ˹֮ǿߣϵջջĵطǴ׵ҲϸƷϵĵҩʱڿûˡ
ĵҪȸʱ㲻ˣҪȵʦͨϣˡ
Ұ׷ʵܴŪƷϵĻ嵤ҩ
ҷŰȻĵ
ƸƷҩٰܶ࣬˵ƷҩˣָָԼأҰ̲סƲƲ졣
ЦϴŪˣ޷ƳƷҩԭˮƽûеƷҩȹ̵ĵҾУÿһϸڶеҪǧҩģֻҪӦĲϣˮƽ̫鷳
ҰЦ˵ˣ׼ŵǡÿõȥȡǧľģҩѾۼ֣Ͳһˣõ֣Сõ缲Ҳһ
ϴ󣬸ô൤æȹ̵ĵæһӵˡȻϴ㶼ˣǾٸɣƳܹ֮ͻĻ˳ɣҲáϾĵ
ҰǾȹ̵ֱҪʲôϣҿܷ׼׼÷ûеĻǾͲ֪Ҫȶˡ
ȹ̵ҪľϵһöҪϵѩţ߸ԽԽãĿҶƬǼ򵥣Ҫϵϵһöݹǻ䣬Ҷ꣬ţЩ˵һѡ
Ұð಻ѣЩļֵɲͣĻôҲֵǧ׾ˣһܹƳɹǮ˲ĵѹʦôϡС
Һãһѹ˲ҪĴ󲿷ֲϣҲдֻкҶûУⲢ̫صĶΧķ϶ģûҪ̫ġ
Ұƿռг˳³һδķӦȻоһȣ·ڶ⿪ʼȼһ㡣
飬ô¶Ұ
ֻڷҰԺ𣺡ٺ٣ϴȸ۵ʱɢϢȻ˵ЧȴôԵĻ𾢣԰ͨˡ
ҰҲ˲øϻæ񣬳֮УƹԶУŨٵӿ뵽ڣѸٵرͬİסǹӰԵĻ𾢣˳ڵྭš
ʱҰĶͷϾһ㶹ĺ飬˳ͷһɫ
ҰǵྭصĳĵϣݿĽʸ䣬˲佫ͨ
Ȼͨٶȼ죬ǹӾе˺ѸȻ÷ҰʹԣЩѣƹһɹٵ޸á
ǹӰԵĻһ̲֮ͣٴγθ֮Уֳһ룬ǹͷҲ˽롣
һͣҰֿǹӻ¹ƣٴγθһ¾ͽθҲٴγ
ҰݺҧҧϼҵĶţʣµĻ𾢳Сֳ˹ȥ
ΣŽС״ͨǹӻҲʧ
Ұ۵ѵɽУͨĸӦӵˣٶҲõ˼ϹЦݡ
ϢһѾ죬ҰɾٱǼöҪһڱƤУ̤ɫŷҷء
εĻɽ֮УҰض飬˷ϲ¾ˬҰĽŲ˺ܶࡣ
ɽҰҲڵڶĻƻʱ֣Ұ˻ͷɽ¡
ӵĴɽзأеıŰе˵Ц˲Ծľͷ
εɱٴοϤܰĳҰвɵһп¶һ΢Ц
ףⲻǷҰôãôģ϶ջСɣиմɽԻЦŴк
ҰЦŻӦк겮ĸջ񻹹ȥϲҲ˸Ұ¹𣿽пڷˣ
ЦСӱϹɪˣҸҴģκζҴͷҰ¹ֵǮҪ볢Ұ¹ζĻҼҳɣ˳Ůĸ顣
ҰЦݽϣ뵽겮ǡķģæֺЦ겮ĺˣҸջ˻֪أξˣٵŰݷðɡ
Ұ˵꣬ҲʲôӦɽϴȥΨǺ겮ǡ顣
ӰҡҡͷСӣ츳ôߣĳɾͿ϶Ǹϧ治һǰʵġ
Ұһ·ϸڶ෽ҵкܿԼҵͥԺΧǰڵľţͥԺСõĻЦҰ΢΢һů
ԼٿֻۣҪܹ˵ЦҰͷǳˡ


59 ǿʦ
֨ѽ
ҰƿľţŵϤļҵϢ
磡ѩԺһ׽ſɻתͷµСϳ˾ϲɫһ·Сܵ˵Ұ
Ұ¶һĨ΢Ц෽ѩĳЦѩֳ˰ҲøƯˣ
ѩһЦķѩɫú࣬Щ̲ҲʼˣһЦ÷ҰĶѣСӣԽԽˣٹĻǻóΪ
СҰ˰ӷ˳ǵӣ΢΢԰׵¶һĨ΢Ц
Ұ΢΢ЦЦžüͷˡ
İ˰֣ˬʵĴЦûʲô󰭣Ȼ˵ˣҲϵǧ֥ˣ˸㲻ʲô
Ȼϵɵģ
Ұ΢΢һůϵսܹŴǧ֥ʵңȴ˵Ƶģֻǲü˵ġ
Ǵӳ֪ϢҰϵΣգһϣҰǸϵЩƣôΣյ飬ؼ֮Ǳϲǣü˵ġ
ϵϵЦݣҰҲʮָˣϵüŪ۵Цʦ˼ˣ˼ҽ̸һЩַˣ˼һ˵ˣҵһǧ裬ôǧҩͲǿǧľˣ
ããã˵֣ЦͶϲ£ˣ˷ܵĵʦ˵߾ʱ㣬ȻˣָˣǼǧҩܺã£ѩоˣ
ѩҲЦĴ۾״Ǻܵ˸ˣҲ͸Ÿˡ
Ҳ˳֮˿Ϲ΢ЦԼзˮ
ȻϵЦݽ˸Ųȷɫɵĵ˵ǴĶҲǧ裡ֱһڵ˸ȥѵ
Ұ¶һĨǣֿСһ¶ϵοЦЦˣ˵ʱٸϸġ
ɫ΢ʲôû˵ͷЦȽݰɣ涼ˡ
Уѩܹɵ﷽ҰƤ
Ұֵݸգ۾ЦЦѩеŶҪСĵ
ѩЦ磬ںأǰ죬ѾͻƵ߾ˣǧﶼڻ£һأ
Ұɵð࣬Сϵ缲δ츳Ѿ¶ˣʮ;ʹﵽ߾磬ȷҰһ˵츳ǿ
ȥ缲ļȻܹһɳ죬½ס
ѽ磬涼װʲôͦصģѩ֮ɫ
ҰЦ򿪿֪𣿡
ѩƤӷڵϣһƵ죬Ĵ򿪴ӣʱ£г𺳡
ѩô˵ˣʲôöǳЦһ˳ŷѩĿ⿴ȥǾϲȵסС죬˿Һ
ķҲ˲ţϵı쳣ľʡ
ǡرƤѪȵȣкܴһֶʦĲϣһЩ޵ģһЩϵĲϣɢزһĹ
ЩصģصǶڽĶʮöССöעĿʻɫĸɫɢһɹɵ

óôණ˿˾ȣóЩǷҰڵķҰ
ˣɱʦȻѣȴҲûܡǣܹɱޣһ߸ȫ߸˳ĴڣҲЩŲӵ
׼˵ɻ󣬷ҰЦһҲ˵ʦˣЩʦģЩô
ԭ˺ɣоȻ
ǿǱĺƴ涼ǷҰʦŪģܹɵ߰ͷֱ͸Էˮһ򵥡
ҪǲŲأ
ҰЦʦЩɲ龧ģá
ã㵡
ЦСӣˣ˵ɡ
Ұʦ֪ǧľģҪŪݣ۸ţ͸ƷҩĵЩЩƷҩϣȡǧľġٺ٣Ƴɹˣҩǡܹá
ƷȻվ۾ɵԲ˳
Ȼ˵ǧҩļֵƷļֵ࣬ǧҩңƷĵɲҡ
ôҲûҵƷĵ˵ƷˣһƷҲԻỻ
ţϵ𾪾ͱϲȡĵܹõǧľģѩĲܹ׸ˣ
ҰЦɫһ磬ҾȥҷŻҩѩǡÿԺúõϢһϣ컻ǧľģͿѩˡ
ںδˣʵйѩò
Ұ˵ص㣬ܸɴĵĹеĵ¶С
׵ﵹǸѵĵطĻþʦûӰʱᵽҪҪݷðݷ
Ұæʦͨ󣬻þӰ첻ǵˣʦȻᵽ˼Ҳϲͷ¶ģҿǲҪˡŶˣһҪסȿڣ÷ɽͷɽȥ˾֣вأѩͻкܴ鷳
ͷİɣȵʦȥһὫȿģ
Ұǳ鴤£Щεĵʦͨ㿴ſڣҲ֪Ľ뵽ĹУٺ٣ǵҺѩȥ֮ͷȿڰɣҲסʦ
϶Щľˣʹգ˼۾㶵ĵѾҶֲˣҲѵʦߵĴڣ
ҰģɵĵҲǿˣţô˵ˡ
һ˿ĵĳԹſУҰΪĽڣҰ˳ȥһǰһ˼ǰСС
ֲһɫĸϣϿϲŭĵ˵˵ǧôİɡ
Ұ֪ϵҲûϵϵ׷ʣҰֱ˫ۣһһٵĵɱһҫ
ɫˢıˣضŷҰ֮󣬲ųһһУÿζǿ棬ôģ
Ұ㽫ҫ׸˵˳нʶĽ׸Լֻںʵʱɱҫ˲ע⣬ǧ裬ʶ˷׸÷һһ㶵ġ
ĩˣҰҴҫеõ׼ȷϢ׶ֵˣһڵˣ
һ𣬳ĬƬ̣ͳĵ벻㻹֪ˣ֪Ǽһģѩôʹࡣϧҵʵ֪˵˭Ҳֻ
˵¶һĨЦЦһöɱӣ٣ǱӦˬˣɱҫʱ򣬽һڵ˶˰ɣûб˷ְɣ
Ұɵĵһڵ˶ɾˣˣ׸λûз֣Ӧòᱻ˷ְɣ
ûɵһ˿૵ĵϣûаɣȻĻҾˡ


60 
ڶһ磬Ұ뿪˼ңҩ֮С
ҩõŻ󿪣һƵҩҩдĿ
ҰվſǳŻˢһŤͷ¶һĨĶ΢Ц촽Ұ˰ܹٴμ㣬ĺܸˡ
Ұ΢ЦĵͷЦ⻰ôôŤأͺҲƵġ
һߵ˲ǧֻ꣬ûô
ҰӣЦûҪôҰɣ
Ϲһ˿Ц⣬İ˲ӣߵ˭ôƶף㱳İʲôҩ񲻳ɣ
ҰصЦﵱȻҪˣˣʦأ¡
۲ת˸һĨĹʣΪҰ˴ǰǰʦģæүүо⣬Ҳˣ߰ɣҴȥ
Ұνĸڷĵ󣬴ӵõ棬µ֮С
һ۾Ϳ˷Ұ۾¶һ˿Ц⣬ⴵӵ۵ĵСӣô뵽ˣĪʦĲɣҪʦĻڻһأ
ҰЦҽ컹治Ϊ˰ʦ
¶һĨ죬Ҳ΢΢һĨʧ֮ɫЩĵͣ
Ϊʲôǰеʲôɻ
Ұ̹ȻŷŵӣЦΪ˴ʦǧľĶ
ǧľģ΢΢һžüͷͷŷͷĵðѾͷû޳ȥأ첲ӾͿʼգүүǧľĵ飬ﶼ֪͸һˣСӵ
΢΢ſڣֿ˿Ұҧҧ´Ȧ΢΢죬ǿİͷһգգֱŷҰ
ž͸˷һˣҰаһˣӿɰѷ۲ˣ䣬ͼ˷ƵĿ⣬ֱëϵĵЦӲϡ
Ұֱձæתƻ⣬ʦŷֲҪģҿһ⣡
ŭأȥһӣŭܿʲôǧľĵע⣬ŶûУҹ
Ұ֪ʱҩУԹԵʼ磬ЩεĵұƷȡģȻʦͬ⣬Ǿˡ
Ұ˵꣬ɾתȥϣˮ
ŵӻûӦͷİ˰֣ѼƵĵߣߣߣ뿪ķƷȡҵġ
ףվס˵ʲôƷڷӳ˹˲䵲˷Ұǰ棬һ۵ɵϴ촽°ϵĺ붼΢΢ţŵĶŷҰɫ·ҰƭƵġ
ǷţҲ𾪵ĿԲ̴΢ţĲš
ҰƵ΢ЦƷ
Ű˿ҺЩɵҰôŵĵСôƷǲҰɣ˵˵ʲô
Ұ֪һʼ϶ȫԼݵĵȹ̵ľϵһöϵѩţ߸ԽԽãĿҶ
Ұйؾȹ̵Ϣг룬һֹס˵б۾ŷš
ðͷϳ˿ϲɫоо˴뱲ӣҰһڣⵤ١
ԴҰȻֹסˣ÷ֱ˿Լݣŵ׷ʵأô˵ˣ
ҰЦЦĵΪǧľĶҶ˵ôˣ㻹¾𣿶Դʦ˵ƷļֵɱǧҩļֵҪߵöࡣ
ŵɫ粻ߺߵô֪ǵȫȫĵҪ֪ϣҪֲ֪ϵĻںϵַʱʱյȵȣȫ¼ȫģóĵвãûϸ¼ĻɱȲǧľĹأ
ҰͰջԣ꾡ļ¼ԣϾĴӻͳһֽֽдСӣֵݸţƵĵǾȹ̵ĵܹ֤ÿһϸڶ¼κεҪ꾡ܷ˰ɣ
żĽ˹ҳϸϸĴͷβһ飬ãããȻƷⵤʮɵİܹƳƷҩ
ǧľģҰ
¶һĨ֮ɫתȥԱߵһǽͳһӣõݸҰȥ
Ұæӹӣִ򿪣ͼһɵεĶ棬ɢһɹɵ·һ㣬á
ǧľģڵˣ
ҰĽӸϣڻУ¶һĨЦݣЦŵȻʦôˬ죬һһ׮Ҫʦ̸̸
ʲôŵͷϸĿŵͷû̧˾䡣
Ұֽİ˵¯ߵϣ죬˳ֽ⿪еʱͷų˿˿ƵĻ⣬ɢһɹɻ
öĵŵŷҰԶ˶·
ŵĿҲ˹Ŀô㶵ĿҰüСӣʲô˼
ҰصһЦӻͳһŵžһϣЦʦôˬ죬Ҳ飬һƷҩĵشʦⵤҩ֣öƵҩҪġȵƳɹÿֵҩһöˡ
ŵĿˢһתƵŵϣյУµһ飬ֿ˿ϵֺǺǵѿڶɽ
Ұ˿ûоȹ̵Ļ޷ȸ˷ŵĳŵͺðöࡣ
ſеŵŷҰЦСͷղҲǧľĵĻǲҲ᲻óŵ
ҰЦҾΪǧľĶòǧľģҿɲġ
ŽضŷҰƷôܹõģǴģ
Ұ˼ɦɦͷʲôʵҵһνɽʱ򣬾ͱ׺ͷǿΪͽˣԳʦҲ֪ǼƷģƷָҵġ˼βģҲûʱңҩϤϤҩĵԣҲһֱ°ʦΪûʱ䣬ҵ㣬ָ׼ģϰ
źͷĶһһ㶵ģ֮Żعж˾
Ұ룬ֵѩĲ˼Ҳ˵ΣֻҪǧҩУҲŲòҪǧľġŶˣ˼һ˵ˣǲҪй¶˼ҵϢԺ󻹻и߼ĵ͸ġ
棬ģżĻ˫ʱȭʱɿ˵Щ
ȻģҰ϶ĵ˵ͷ
Ц˵ΪѩѾͷβ˵͸ˣ
Ұ˷ۣܷ˵ǲĵģҰжͦжġ
£ҰŷŸǣڷĲƽĿУٵ뿪ҩá
ۣǸСβʱˣ


61 
õǧľģҰֱӻص˼УСѾȺڼˡ
ҰϵЦݣ˿أԲĵʵСҰõǧľûУ
ҰЦЦӻͳǸӣõˡ
¶һ˿Цݣĵ߰ɣǧǧ֥Ҷˣʦǧǧ裬ֱȥĹȰɡ
ѩЩжȻ󣬳ԿħҲŮҪµĶ࣬ЩһΪܵĿȫ׼˵Ĳס
һѸٵĹ⣬·Ҳֻڴкûʱ𻰣Щ˶еĪ
ĹȿڣҰͣס˽Ųŷ˵˾ػɣҪ˴ǣҸСȽȥˡ
ǧǧ֥Ұ˸һĨᶨЦİɣһͷˣҲУѩͽʦͽˣ
Ұ˵ͷ׼̤УЩĵĵСҰֲʶʦһ˸뷢԰׵ߣסػǷȥأ
ҰɵаЦϼһﶼұģôܻ
νʦҰҲýֻͣõǷİɣҪκ˽ˣʦ˵ˣҪǷֲ˵ģûҪ
ôǿһۣг𾪡
˵仰ͬʱҲЩô˵Ѿʼطһ
οԼڴɱڸϢĸӦΪ񣬼һڹҲһܹӵùԼĸӦѵ˵Ұʦһλ𲻳ɣ
ִ˵еĴڣôܻɽֻĵط
ҰֱżϻӣǣŷѩС֣ߵĹС
ѩ龫ֵŷҰ磬еʦǺηʥôôصģ
ҰҡͷԵĵǵȻˣĸ֣Ȼβġ
ѩЩɻŲӿŷҰȻʦԼİɣ
ȿȡѩƲ⣬ҰһԼĿˮǺûĵСѾͷΪ鰡ŪƷܸβûʦô£
ѩɰСӣߵҲԣȻ˵ҲɱôʦȻҸղͽܣѩǺܴŶ
СѾͷǹ龫׼Ұаһ¶ǳı飬βʱǧκδ⣬һ¶֮Ҫȵ״̬ʦ˵ˡ飬һеκĲ˵
ѩɵŶһ־ĵ磬ǣֵʱ򣬾ȻоΧĻþˣְ
ҰеһͷΪСβʱ״̬Ұ񶦵˳׸˻þӰ죬벻СѾͷȻˡ
ҰصЦЦ֪ľжǿ˰ɣ
𣿡ѩֹһҲٶʣĸڷҰߣ۾ʱؿܣҪҰʦı߹
ܿ죬˾˵¶֮УҰ鷢ʯͷ뵽Ϻʯϣɢ͵Ĺ⻪¶յ硣
ѩѰһɾʯϣƽȣĵԼ״̬
ҰŻ׼ˣˣ
֣صĵϴڵ״̬̫ֻܹܽںǧݺҺѩβΪβʱǧҪȨȻǰ
Ұ£͵ϻ˵ֻҪܹκѩĲ˵ʲôʲô
񣡡һ
Ұæţ͸е岻ܿ˵ǰȥףǻڿԼ塣
ҰƵģԼ˦˦첲λȵģϤƵģԵ쳣Ĺ졣
һҰӲĵ˵ͷΧŷѩһȦ
ڷҰԺ𣺡С׼ãҽҪľУ־Уܹϸ΢缲
ҰȻָоԼܹˣ˵ͷŷѩѩ״̬ʦҪ뵽һֿľУǧҪ
ʦѾˣѩԺһ˿ɻ󣬸۾һϵĳ񣡡
ǻģ˵ģµΩΩФҰЩ졣
ѩһݣ˫ۣæ𣬽ӵ˼ų⣬
ŷҰ˫˸־ʮָһָͻˢһµڷѩüϡ
ѩü΢˲չ˿һӱˣϵʥ࣬·ǲȾ˼̻Ů·ƵģףһƮԶĸо
ͣŷҰ˫ֲϵŸӵ־
ĶΧһصڸֳһ͸Ի棬½棬ǳתΣ׺ɣ
˫ֵĶԽԽ죬ΧҲڿٵѹѹһߴСԲǰ͸һɹĵĻ档
Ȼ󣬻ŷҰֱ־άԲһתѸ쿪ɫ⻪˸ǸصĶӡָ˳ӡǾҵ˼£ǸСС͸С
ţͼˢһԶξӨ͸ҺӶзɳѸû뵽ɻɵԲУŸֻıö
Щ֮еСѸû˵֮УӡһӡҲʧӰ١
ŷҰǰһϻֵµһʯϣϻӴ򿪣¶ǧҩ͸һɹƢҩ㡣
Ұһ죬Ȼתıһˢһ½ǧľУתͶ뵽󹹳ɵİ͸Բ֮С
ԲжȻһĻ棬ǺɫǻɫȻǰɫɫɫתΪɫܶʼ
˲ϢɫÿһɫĻ˵ĸоͬеȣеķеĳƣеı䣬еĳŹ쳣
һֻ棬͸־Ȼͬĸоеֶͬ÷Ұǰһ뵽һ֮У˼붼Щͬ
ŻıãǧľѸٵڻһɫҺ壬һһԲϵĻã˳
ȵȥǻһʱ䣬־ͻ䣬еĻϸߣһҺ˽ȥ
ڻ˿£ҺɫҺںһ𣬾Ө͸ӨӨ
ŷҰ壬˳򣬽ǧǧ֥ǧǧҺ壬ҸһҺΪһ壬ɫӣɵԲ
ֽΪһ壬Ϊһ˸ʻҺ
Ұַٱ䣬ǸɵԲ򻺻Ϊһ临ӵķģһҺڡ
Ұһֽ̲ͣһҺӡڷѩüģһû뵽ڡ
ľУѩϸüҲԾ΢΢ü߳ȻǸоʹ
Ұ㱼䣬·𿴵ǵĴҺһƬڵĿռ֮С
սռ䣬ǷĺҺͷֽһʹ㣬޾Ƭռ䶼ڡ
ţһ۶ŷѩľХڣе˲ͱɢ
ˣ缲ʶȡ˳һԶĳɢȥ
֮ľѩڵ缲ȫľҲͨѩȫһʡ
ϸȥĻַܹѩ˿˿ƵתκιͻԶ뵽ڣ·һƵġ
ϴ󣡴󹦸ɣѩѾɱ壬ǣĳɾͲڷҰԺг˷ܡ
Ұ˵㵸ʱŷ֣ԼȡĿȨ׻鳷ȥ˶Ȩ˻صƿռ֮С
飬ҪлˣѩĿӣڰͷˣҰֿлǼ
ƣĵûʲôӦģҪ˯ˣ֪ʱܹӣϤϤ
˵˵ţûϢٴ˳˯֮С


62 ٳ
ڵȫָѩʶָӱûƵģƮƮɡ
ѩһ˹˸ǰδе̩˶֫أЩŵĵ磬ҵˣˣ
ҰЦЦˣԺѩҲܵħĥˣ
ŶѩһӱµСϹ˲õЦݣ˷ܵĵԺڲüΪҵˣ
ҰгϲãСʮ缲ھˣ
ѩ龫ֵɨһȦɻĵ磬ʦأҪúõлл˳ղͽܰҪúһۼҶϺӣ
ҰЦʦ겡ԶȥˣڿͲڻɽˡ
ѩɵŶһС죬۾΢ЩʧȻǸоʲôæֱ̧۷Լǰ˿СɵþС죬ôôడ磬ǲŪˣ
ҰͷֱðߣĨһ亹ЩʵĵʲôͲ͵ģǷϴ裡㲻ȬһøȫľѾȫܹͨϤڵʣԼӶܹԽߡʦ磬ֱӳΪ佫Ҷʵۺˣ֪ɣ
𣿡ѩЩɻ
ǵģҰߺһ
İɸ磬һᱣģѩûûεЦš
Ұһ鴤ơ
ϻǺడѩԹһСƷҰߴٵ磬㵽ϱȥҰɣҪϴ裬ȻһָЦҡ
ҰεҡҡͷԼעⰲȫص˵ϣȺĹС
ûãѩʹӵ¶ںڵķһŵ㾧Ө¶飬˪ѩµϴһĨЦ⣬ȻȻ͸һʥŵĸо
ÿһϸë׶ɵĺһ㣬쳣Ũʱ塣
Ŀֲٶȣ÷Ұеһľ
δȫͨ벻С÷ѩȻͨȫľ̵ʶΪıҪԣɲ뱻С˦ں棡
磬߰ɣ϶ɽأȥǸϲȥѩϹ˿ĵЦݣ࣬һһĳĹȿڵλ˹ȥ
ҰϹŷɵЦݣѩûôĹҲǳĸˣѩһ׷֡
ѩоĸ׵ĻƵģ˵ɣڵÿʱÿ̶ţÿһë׶ǰδеˬ㣬һ·ĻЦ
ٴеغſڣʵѩĻЦһۣж˼ɫŵĳĹԼĴ
ܿ죬Ұ˾˹ȿڡ
Һˣѩ˵Ļһ˵˵ĻϹſĵЦݡ
˾ͺã˾ͺã򸾽ıסѩĲ֪˵ʲôá
ʮˣħ˷ѩʮ࣬ѩÿٵĥ۵ĵѪȴ޲ߡ
ΪεΣյĻɽҰУҲ쿴Цݣһ˶̫Ŀ
񣬷ѩ缲ڸˣһ˶еɣһֽѵĸо·ӵһӽ뵽ãԵĸˡ
֮󣬷ĵͷķѩϳ˾ϲɻı飬һôѩʣ
ҰЦѩøϴ裬ͨȫľʦ˵Ѿɱ壬ǣκؼͬԼһ㡣ʣҲǰéڷëǰĴڣĳɾͣٺ٣±ϵҪǿ
壿ʶظһ䣬û˵ʣһһ㶵ġ
ǰéĳɾͱԼǿֿ˻񶼼޴룬ֻ֪ɵЦ
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˼һ£ͳ˻ɽˣ˵ٹңԼϤҰںߡ
һۣж𾪣˿ûоκ˽벻ҰʦȥѷѩĲκˣִȥˣЩģҲڼǿߣǿ
β
ˣǸˣ
ǷһһˣŮ壬϶Ժ
һĿڿĵߣ߳Զ΢΢üͷǳĳŷѩѩ̫⣬⼸ܹôĲ벻עⶼУܲ
ѩҲ֪԰ɡ
˵ţѩ΢ܵ΢࣬ȴɴֻǾǿߣԷˡ
΢΢˿֣صĵѩסһ仰ľ֣ش֮㻹ûӵǿʵ֮ǰǧҪ֪⣬ȻѱĻеʤܹվ֮۵ģ֮٣Ŷزˡ
ѩæ˵ͷӱޱȣһ͸ԡ
ֻͷŷҰСӣû㹻ʵ֮ǰѧ̣ſԣҪŵʱУ
ҰͷӦǣϵĻﶼǽԣѧܹ̾ܶǷǣţٺ٣ŵʱ͸ţ
ǷĽ̵ʽӺŮȫֻͬҪб£ҪžҪţ𣬲Ų˼һ⣡
ѩȫһ˵鶼׼쿪ӣһͻ¹ʾͽƽӳ״ơ
ڷѩɱΪĵڶ죬һڵĳͣϵЦ˲Ѹٵĳͷɽңңһ仰ǿڼػѩСҰɽ
Ұһ˿õԤУڷӼгٵĳͷɽ
ҰͷɽʱɽѾ˲ˣϵ峤ףҩţϣȵȣڲϵĸ
˵ĿⶼԼͬɫ쳣أɻ󣬲϶ŵǹȱ͸һɹɲҵɱ
ķ򣬷Ұûɵһͻг˾
ķһڵķ
ѵɱҫ鱩¶ˣҰսȭͷԾ
˫üҰͶһĵ϶һĻɫ
Ǹ߼ؽױϵżһʱģҲ֪ٵ˭ģƽ϶õģе˶ӵһξֱ˳Ǵƴˣ
ܿ죬ҰҲĸӦһɽصѹ·ǧڳƽƵģѹûͷɽĳжѹֵļϢһֱǰ
峤һۻңң˳ȥη˼ҷңΪ£
һˣѪծҪѪնѪϴ㷽ңȮһۻŹŭ÷˶һѪڡ
δ䣬Զɽּ¶ӰʮֱŰ͸ڰУм˲û򣬴ڰУٵıƽš
һѪϴң
Աּǿݱƽ˶һһ٣˭ס


63 Ϊ
ͷɽһļž˶еһѹ
ױϾǷҵ峤£ֻܶѹͷǼշе˹ʩһ񣬳ԭ٣ʴδǷһڵĹ˵Ѫծ֪ʲôѪծ
շеǼѸĿӰҲԽԽ
ǰһʮҵӣɫϺ췢ڣϸݵгѪķһڵ
վˣ뷢԰׵Ŀߣʮµ׳˶ӣ϶͸һɹɿֲ쳣ĻϢ
ճǰ̤һǿƾŷ׹ᴩ˹ȥʱ÷Ѫˣϳ˺Ȼɫ
ϳ飬ҫˣǷҵУ֮߱𣬲죡⣬㲻Ѫծ
ױŽͼ䣬仰Զʱˣڳеķӵȫ֮Уĵɴ˫ۣŵ
һڵҫˣ
ҵɱģ
ģ˴ǰĿľͲԶҪ׷ҪҸᣡ
ϾǺȻ촽˼£ɬĵҷӵܶʶǳıӵҲҶְŪ˰ɡ
һǿ÷ѪֹĿӻͷɽɨȵ˭ǷҰ
˵ĿȫۼڷҰϣϵɫͬв죬𾪣зŭԹޣвţһ𣬼ֱܹѷҰ̴һ㡣
Ұһͻźۼüͷʼ飬飬Ѿѣɱҫ¶ˣ˼Ҷˣ
ϧηѩʱ򣬺ķѵ̫࣬ȳ˯֮УɷҰôûκεķӦ
Ŀ֮£ҰѾ¶һᣬӲͷƤǰһֱһҾǣ
˺㣡ҶӵɣŭһһĲӰѸ˷Ұߣ˫ϲɫطĽָ֯ʮâŷҰͷȥ
ҰܵһɱϸеĲɱҪܣȴָ·ӣ
ĸߣҵĹǲĻҲᱻ˺ɷ飬ȫܿƣ
ˢ
һɫĵâӲ෽ӹֱڷҰǰ˸ŰԵĻɫģĹ·ȫ
ɫ΢䣬ŵ潫˫˻ȥһųڷҰߵķ
˵Ƿ׺ͷҵ϶е쳣ľȣǻѾ뵽磬鱾ֵףһ飬ǰ£ԵþûôҪˡ
Էǿӵмʮ佫ʦߣǿǰһԶԶ
ǰ̤һͷҰ֮䣬Įĵ˶һţͼ̤ʦľ磬ȮӷҰŸ̤ڲãɱԴɱһǧң⣬ĿҲ֪˭ģǱ˰ɣ
ĬƬ̣һ·һȺץһˣŷǰһĮĵۿ˷ҰɱҶӣа취֪δ˵ѣɱҶӵףǷҰǡÿʣ
˴ӵվ˦˦ͷ¶һżͨӡ
ʯ⣡ҵĲ˶
ͷġɽȫ߬ȭͷжʯҺ衣
ʱʯǣֽ֮һڵԼߣǲһУǧ裬ܲޣ
뵽ǺȻ뵽ǽҪʱ򣬷ҰͻȻ˵ҪѵһɱĲɣ
Ȼʯ⣡ѵҲڶϻĹУҰͫ΢ΣңԺͷת˼ŶԲߡ
һڵ˳ʯ˶ҲֱͦˣŷҰЦҰû뵽ɣ㱾Ϊɱ֪ȴ֪ҸպڰУɱһĻĿУΪ֮ʱ
Ұ̤ǰһϵվһӿֳһĨЦͱ˵ĵʯ⣬ڣһҫߴԲ綼ܱɱѵΪ𣿡
ǲɵó鴤£ʲôʱˣСӻָɣǲҪˡ
ɫӵˣĿڷҰʯɨɨȥ
ɨӣҰһǿҵΣУƵӡԶתһĸоڵкܴܿԷֱ˵Ļ٣аԾ衣
ʯЦıµȻУ˶㾹Ȼָܹ඾䣡̩ˣָųǧ޼඾һӵϣŽɱ𣿡
зӵܿҰĿж𾪣ʯ˵ģҰָܹô޼඾Ļºɨɽûˣ
ҰҳϣҲҷϣĲʯ⻰е©ٴ̤ǰһȵ˵̩ɱģ
ʯϢһͣ죬ջʲôû˵
Ұѩʯ⣬ƵĻţƵûһڵйط׸飡
ʯǴȽһֳ֮˷ңٽŷ׸ֲ֮һڣʯҾܹڻɽѸֻҪٰƽļС壬ɽҪʯˣ
ҰץסʯİѱƲˣؾĵΪĲϺǸ˳ͻ֮⣬˿ͼȥˣ㻳ģһ·βŻǲǣ
ʵҰҲƾŲ²˵ģ˵ʯҵ˿¶˶֣벻ʯ⾹Ȼһ·β棬ǷҰԼɵģʯҲͬķӦһԶİʯϡ
ɫҫ˽ģΪԸҶʯҵ֣Ұ˵Ļпܣ
ʯŭҰ㺬Ѫˣôػôɱģ
ҰЦһԼʵ϶ǣз׸˵ס̩Ϻڶ໤͵Ϯɱֶȸ״ҪǿЦ
׸󣡡üͷһͷǼһۣе쳣ļ֣ĿͣʯϣҪ֡
ʯ⾪õЪ˹ĴҰ˵ѣɱ˵ķ׸Ҫɹʱһ඾˾֣üиֳһֻȸ»滤ס˼˵ɱ㺬ŭȥĻ棬ͷ­ǧ裡
ͷӴҶҪ군Ұаһʯᵽҫǰȸػʲô鶼׹ˡ
Ȼҧҧɫĵȸβмˣô˵жһɱҶӣһ׼׸ֲţȫ𷽼ңʯң
˵꣬˫ֿʯ⾪ĿУʯ˺Ϊ⣬бָͷɽȵɱһ


64 Ƽת
ţҲһڵӣʦһڸδ̫õǺ˰ɣƳɤӴС
ֹ̧һ˵ĶһۣһʦǰѾĿУȻĵӣҽ͸ᣡѡһȫ뷽ңժ·Ұͷ­ǸŷһҷӦòѡɣ
ƶɷڣǻʲôȥڣңԶǵĸֱͦŷƴǳ⣬͸һ۲ϣ峤ôδ¶ġ
¶һĨʹ֮ɫŻɽݣվһսѡ뷽ҹ
֪ĶҾͳȫ㣡Цһճŷĳһƣɵ嫵ľơ
һ¸ʵˣоģ

һɫâգǹɺ嫵Ĳ룬ӷ߳˹ȥ˼촷ۣ
㣡ŭݡ
վڷǰ棬лɫ˸ĹֱݣĮĵֻҪһţκ˶ҷҵˣ
죬ʲôû˵һǹĿƵܣ˲Ҵս׼
ŷЦʮǰҴ˴жһöӣʵ컯еȸôһֱڹѴ뱲ӵѪһϣǿ
Ц֪㣬һʧô佫ҲӦ֪ô¶˰ɣҵᣬҲµˣ
Ѿ˲֣֮ʱ˵֮ʱҲûҪ̫Ĺ˼ɣ˵˸ʹ졣
ɫüҧгݵĵʮһڹʧʮ佫벻Ȼµ֣
ɱΪЩȥͬű𣡡һȳŷҰɱҪһʱȱеҰΪҫ
ҶӣһȥһɫĹâ淽ҰĹɱսһ
ͬʱҲһŻͷɽϳǼҲ¶ЦݣĳŷҵļҪɱ˹ȥ
Ұ˫Ϸֱһĺɫذףظˣذ׵ɱɲΪѩܷܷļƷͲá
Ұг޾ĮƵĻ嫵ĴʦһĨ
ʦɱ
һڵڶʦȻΪǿʵսô˶ɱ˷ҰͣȴҰץסһɱ
࡭
ŲӣҪ˵ЩʲôֻǴӲʳһѪᵹڵϣûϢ
ɱ
Ūǣ
ΪͬűΪ𣡡
ƴػ԰ҲҪϸ汳ģ

տʼӴоһս֮УѪ֫ɡ
Ĺ似Ȼĸ߼Եɱ֮УҲϲ
иչϾͲ˲ʣæ˳ȥȵϦ졢ʢһ֣ȥ˷ȥɱ˷ҰСΪҫ𣡡
ĸǿ߻δӰͿٳŷɱ˹ȥ뷽һ𣬸һ־ͽѹ·磬˵ʱ޷ɱҲȫǣס˷
ŷҰײеĵѾڲˣô
͸һɹɿֲҰڣ۷Ұĸλתƣ޷Ŀơ
Ұǿѹ£һӾʹ˾ȵľ磬ڵľƹѸתֶеذǰ֧飬ܹǿ
СӣɣɫĴǰϷһɫķƼ£ն˺Ť
ҰȻ̶һ㣬ȫ޷ֺ
СҰĿѣƴűһ̴׺ĽһͷնΪأƴŷҰڵλÿ
ҰġɽƵȫĹ£ǸͲ岻֡
Ұг˲ʣѵô
𡭡
˶ΪҰʱ򣬰кȻһ޵ŭƽһըף˵ĶĤ졣
ͷɽĿռ·۵ռŤжȻֽͷͨɫʨɫͫ˸űɱ⡣
תۼ䣬ͷʨ϶ΪһһͷɴСͫƽʨڳУ̧һֻǰצĻϣʱķʮԶײľ
ղٵƽʨӵӰȻͫƽʨԽռķЧϸ˵ÿһӰӶĲֹֻǹްˡ
ҰϾһ亹ȻԼķʧˣµĻͷȥʱ£㾪ϲĵһˣ
ɴСͫƽʨڳĵͷĵͫһ˿Ц⣡
ɽ޶ҵʱһͷ˴ͫƽʨڻյ£ҽ̬ˮϡ͹ҺͫƽʨˣҲûܹκ벻Ȼ˹
ٴӵͫƽʨأԲŵĵռ䷨򣿣ڣ
ͫƽʨ޴ڻͷɽϣǿó˶Կ⣬·һʦڸɽӣء
ڣ
ͫƽʨͻƵڵľ磡
ɽֳһڣʱ¶Σһڵȫľ˷ҵˣپ£һ
ٵʣµһ𣬸Զͫƽʨңңš
ЩǣĴæɽδʹ˳ˣʱȴͫƽʨҲû˸ղŵǹӴݡ
ңң˹֣ϲѳɹףɽˡǸһһڲ֮ϣҲҪ֮
ͫƽʨͷ˿ҰһƵʨᶨҡҡͷʨͷ߰͸һӵĹ°
ѵͫƽʨҰʶɣλһۣǾ
δ֣ɲҸͫƽʨģٴιһ񣬵ȻѴ£һھѸӣҷŹңߣ
ͫƽʨٴλͷҰҰ΢ɱȻĴȵߣɱǣһ
ֻһڵ˷ǳϤڸոգǵҲǺһ벻ת֮죡
𡭡
ͫƽʨŴͣһۻϵʨңң˳ȥղɽ΢΢ţ·ԼĵλƵġ
ɽ˶ݵĳ֮Уţܴʮ޺ɽ֡
Ȼɽʼָ޺֮ͣǺХӥ䡢һҶ䣬ӦʨƵġ
ãȺۣ쳷Ĳ˲Ծæкһڵ˳롣
ͫƽʨﻹᣬһڿռһķͻȺƵģ˲˺ʮһڵӣֱ˶ȥ


65 ǿƷɱ

ŭһϲһĻɫģһۻȵ͸¸ֳһʵĻ棬ٱܿͫƽʨĹɱ
ͫƽʨһ񶷸Ƶģڰˢһ±˷򣬳һֻ࣬צ˺գ˺˹ȥ

ߵɼǵѪۣһѪ۸ֱӱ߹ǣ˿һӰԵĻϢ˿ʼ޷ϡ

һͬʱٳͫƽʨ˹ȥ
ۣ
ͫƽʨ֣һһצӿٵ˺ΪƬѪ˱̿ա
ء
һǺԶɽ¶һͨɫǣÿһëɢҫ۵Ľ⣬ɴɵһ㣬üĴ۳һɫâӡǣǽ⣬ì⣬ˡ
ţһͷɫĴһֻɫƬľӥһȵĺɫֱܡ
ͫƽʨ췢һ޾ʨӺƺħʱ󲿷һڵӶƷ˳ȥڵϣ
ͬʱ˷ܵĴһٵĳһڶΧ˹ȥ

ײеޡ
ң
һڵĵȫ޵Һҽţȫɢһײе˺ҧš
ͫƽʨ˸űɱһҵĿռ䲨ٿ
ߣһʣµͬʱӭͫƽʨ˴Ϣ죬۳һƬǽͫƽʨǿ
䣡
޴ĺͫƽʨǿƵĽǶ»ǽ飬Ƕ»ǽгɱ˳
ͫƽʨǹɻ۳ǽһûצϴŻɫâǿƵĴǰǰͳأ࣬׵н飬븹УѪ졣
߰ɽڣûգʣµǸߴһ˸ŷĹâȻͫƽʨǰ
ɫޱ䣬޺޵˷Ұһۣ֮һĳ˳ȥ
ߣǰһȻɫĵâӳ˱̿գԵĳͷ¡

в֪ʱһɫĳյĵס˷ĳ
ɱ⣬һ׺ۻɫĵ϶һķģǿĽĳѹȥ
սֵܹסĺŭظ֮ʱһѪۣ߹ǶնΪ룡
ȴܾˣʹˮĻᣬɲ׷ȫΪ
ء
ɫǷһ˷ܵĺצʯ㣬һƿ֮ɱ
ɫɷףִӻͳһѷ׭Ƕ˹ȥ
䣡
˳رը˿һɹĻ棬裬ҫأһסǵȥ·
ȵǴӻдܳﻹӰӣ
𡭡
ͫƽʨԵĽʣµǸͷ˺Ϊ飬ңʧӰ˸Ị̄һͳĺУδ׷ϡ
ߣĴʱһڵʧȥĹǶɥʧ˵ֿģȿֺѡ
ɱǣһͻȺгƵģٵոûκεĴ
ҵ˶Ǵ˼ѪƵģŴ󵶳һ˳ɱ˹ȥ
ۣ
ҰݵĴһʦаγɭĺɫذףһֻֿٵ˸Ļȣһʦг޾Į
ȻǵˣǾͱҪնݳ
зҵ˶ɱۣ챻һڵɱͱ˸壡ͫƽʨȻ֣»ͷɽͱɱļȮˣ
һڵӵķƣҲɱ۾ͨ죬ȾѪҲ֪ԼĻǵ˵ġ
ڼİ£ҵ˷𷴻ûþͽһڵ˾ɱûκѣ
ҰŴߵͫƽʨǰЦҪллˣ
ھޣȻܿԣǻȴ˿ͨԣܹ⡣
ͫƽʨŷҰ˵ͷͳһ
˶ɫŹֵŷҰһСӰվһɴСĽɫʨǰһܺгӣ̫ˣ
жЩɻͫƽʨΪ˷ҰⷽҰʲôʱͫƽʨôĽˣ
Ҫǣͷͫƽʨһڣ
ǹжһͷǿʨܣһҪǣҲõԼĽˡ
ԼУѾ˷ҵƲɵ
ҰҲͷʨĿЩǵʧķ򣬳һһˣǼԺ󻹻鷳ܲҳ
ڼΪѵĹͷҰֻܺƤͫƽʨˡ
ͫƽʨһڵķ΢΢ҡҡͷ
Ұ΢̾˿
ͫƽʨ֪Ұˣ΢΢¶һ˿΢ЦüȥĻӡ¸˳ɢһɹصΧĿռ䶼ԼЩŤ
зҵ˶ͫƽʨҪʲô㣬ͷɽһļž֮Уɽƺȥ
ûãɫ΢𾪵Ŀͫƽʨһֲۣһڷ
ţסϵ˵Ҳ¶𾪵ɫлЩɻ
Ȼ󣬷˶Щвҵɱ͵ײʱػܹҽ
˶ΨзҰ˸һĨȻɫĳͫƽʨ˼ǣ׸ˣһڶˣ
ͫƽʨ˵ͷ
ҵ˶˿ϾԷڵʵһڻźܴĲࡣ
ʱڲٶǶ֣ȵͫƽʨڵʱ򣬿϶ٴζǶֵģ
񣬷׸˼ȻѾ֣;ԲٸһκηĻᣬһڣˡ
ͫƽʨ˶ͷ­˲ҰתͷŸ޻ȥһʬȳѪµڻͷɽϡ
ҰСôʶͷͫƽʨİ
Сӣζ㣬ȻҶᱻɱĸɸɾ
ɱһ𣿡
׸첻죿

ͫƽʨһߣҵ˶ʱҰΧм䣬ʳʶ̣϶Žٺ˷ܡ
ҰýֻͣõЦų˵ͷʾ⡣
ŷҰ̾˿ŴһֵҲҪΪˣǼҲʮ϶Żصˣȴʿ˵İɡ
ԣ鶼óʼĬĬĴʬ壬ʱܹʹ޵
ֻҪսͱȻˣ˶ѾܶôѣҲдʹĺӶ΢΢۾
һУҪʵ
ͫƽʨ֣ұضӱ¾Ķˣ
һʵǿԲܹԷɱᣡ
ͫƽʨʵǿԲڹؼʱ̾˷ң
һģѪսǿ˷ڲԱ֮ļһ÷˶ʵҪжʵĿǰδеǿҡ
ǿ֮ģӵܣЩǳΪǿıҪ
һѪսϴ񣬷Ҳſʼ߱˳ΪĳΣ


66 ҫ
磬û°ɣѩ֪ʲôʱҲ˻ͷɽϣңңĳŷҰ֡
ҰЦ˹ȥֽѩΪ̫ܵЩҵͷ££ݸѩһοЦѩİɣû¡
أѩϾлЩǡ
ҰЦŵҿˣҶû£Ȼ¡
ѩ¸ոտʼСظͷһӳܿȥѰŷӰ
ѾͷܵĻ졣ҲˣҰͷӰҲ΢΢˿ֵ֣˵㷽ѩĶͷ
ѩǳЦͷЦ⡣
ЦȻҰߣﻹһҩ䣬ʢƿƿ޹ޣͷѩǳǳЦЦŷҰҰ˵̫࣬æ
Ұֽӹеҩ䣬кѩһ𣬰˵ļԱȥˡ
˶ڴʮȥļӵܵʬ壬ŷȥͼߵǰжЩǣվڷһߡ
¶֮ɫЩԲˡ
ЦЦȥ͹ȥˣҶǷҵˣΪ˼壬ûҪô֡
֣صĵǼһֱǰʵְڳΪΨһһӦ峤֮λȻҾҳŵȥ峤֮λ
˰֣Щһϰˣڹ巽棬ұɾͲԶˣ峤֮λɡ
΢΢˵ͷԶŷҰһæķѩ̾ϢѩĲħźҪһ취˵ϣüԴΪѩ
¶һ˿ЦݣҡҡͷЦˣѩĲѾˡ
ˣȻŵõķѩ
ļǵãѩϵĲ쳣أʮ꣬ɽҽҲĲ飬ȫ޲ߣȻˣ
ЦСҰɽʱ򣬱һλ˿УΪͽܣλǾۼǧҩԳ֣ѩڵ缲׸ˡ
ˣǧҩһһ㶵ģʹգգ۾³һ˾ͺã峤λҾˣʲôʱҪʱԸ㡣
ҡͷˣϰҰ׵飬ҿɸ㲻峤ɣʲôҪҵĵطһȫԸġ
ʱ䣬ѽӵܵʬ崦ãҰҲ˵Աãʣһµһʬ
ϡҩԼ峤׾ۼһһ峤׻˻ȭͷ˵εļǷҰɱһģҲǷҰƽģ֣ͷˡ
Ұŷҵڶʿľһֿĵ˼壬۵ļ˲أҰڴλˣ
СҰеĶɶҪѪϴܳɳһڰԵˣᷢ㲻𡣡
һս˸ĲпᣬǼ˵ԡѪԺĳɾͽ󣡡
˸߼һڣȴʶ׿Խ׸󣬻ʶͫƽʨԺû̫ĺ֮ǣҲֵˣ
ͫƽʨ˼׸Χһڣһ޵У˵Ҳһ°

ڶԱ׷׳ԣЩԱļҲԵַҰһڵ⣬÷Ұ԰
峤ֹˣ˫ȭջ裬һҪǿ󣬾ͱҪкηľ񣬱ҪѪ֮ΪһƬ죡ЩΪػˣǷҵĺöɣǵУ壬ҪȻˣȴԶĻǵУ㵽˾Ȫ֮£Ҳֱͦ˶˵һշ
ЩߵļӯеıʹתΪһֿǿͷӵĿ
ԼȻˣȴмֵ
Ϊ˼ҫ
ֺη
׻ܣֵҪǿҪ벻裬ͱȻȥЩͬΪĵһˣڣҿԺȷĸߴңҲΪһˣԺ󻹻Ҳһ㣬Ҳһңǣ𣿡
£˶Ѫȣɤ˻˳ȭͷգ˸żᶨĹâ
ðԵͷ쵼巽棬ȷʵһף鱯ʹʱ˵ЩĵĻȻܹʹΪüøӵǿ
¶һĨοЦݣ׸ΧһڣһӱŵĶˣȵһڱɱɽ޸߼Ǽпȡ֮ǼһᣡӾͺúõˣһһ˽δ͸ˣնݲȻѾΪУ;ܸһκҸȼĻᣡ
ǣһҲŹ
ͷɽϣȺ鼤ܣ޲ھͳһڣʹɱһ
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ҩŸóҩеһЩ鵤ҩڶ˵˷ãܹĻָơ
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׸ܹΪ½Ͻеļ׿Խ֮һԸһڣӦòʲô©Цһ
ĿƵŷҰϾĵһλΪͽܣκѩ缲һڵͫƽʨãʹõĻؽױذףλصʦ
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ҰſںߵҲ˼βģ˵Լҵġ
ҲٶʣҰԺҪڼȥԺиطȥˡ


67 ϲ
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վǰǸˣ˫üޣǣֱڷһӳѼĴȣǷ׸
Ǹ߳ƽվ˳һڵ˵Ŵ󲿶ͷɽˣΪ𷽼ţɽֻлͷɽϵշ⻢ͷɽп뷽Ұйء
ңңŻͷɽüǵõϢҸ޷ֵסһڵĹɱϣû١
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ֺγ֪£ɣһżʯ㣬ٵĳŻͷɽ
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һڵĵ̷ָ˷ң峤׼֮࣬ЩΪѡ
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68 

ҰϥڻɽɽеһУҲ֪һôģĻľɽеÿһУ˿Խľж
ҰʱһʯУ˫գصĴϢţͷŴδεĺ顣
ӵҰѾеĴ󳦾Ͱ׾״ͨڴͨеһ

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Ұ΢΢ЦЦǰֻβͻƵĴ󾳽磬ֻǴͨ뵽ߺڵľ磬ĵͦİ
ߺߵʱ䲻ˣƶп˰ɣٶȣջɣȻ㲻Ͽ죬һˣȴҪöˡ
ҰǲļЦ·ҪһһߣҪһһڳԣֻһһӡȥߵ۷壡
˵ôˣֲǲ֪ѩܷܷʱ޿̲ʵͱװʿˡ
ҰϹһĨЦݣЦҲʵϧȻƵĹѾǿˣҲֻٶȣȲϼеһЩ߼һҪͨ澭ˣٶȣҪȫͨ澭֪ʲôʱˣ
ĵȻʱͻƣǾȽһţڿʼѧϰɡ
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ףҰҪȥﰡҲǡôһ˳Ұ֮һĨ档
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վڷеĴ⣬Ұɵð࣬еȺϢԱߵĵнֱڳа˸̯ŲϣҲǿǸгƵġ
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뵽ҰִӻóһдСֵֽţ̨ϣүӣЦȻүﶫȫүӰ׼Щϡ


69 Ů
үӴӷҰнӹǸֽţµһ飬ֻдҩݵ֣ҶѪݡ֥ݡ
үӻǵ¶һ˿̧ͷҰֿ˿ģ͸һ˿Ц⣬ЩĲϣ󲿷ֶһƷҩĲϣǷү׼ͽ˰
ҰЦתӷҰһɨĵصүүûǸ
үûһ˼ŷҰڿʲôƵģ֮󣬲ųһѵ˵ʦǿѵƷʦ𣿡
ҰشЦЦĵүⲻûɣ
үҲʶԼЩʧæ˹֣Ϸʧ̬ˣСĪ֣Щʲô̫صĶ챦իУҪܹٶʮĿ׾ͷˣٶʮˡ
Ұոİٿ׾һЩϾҪٶʮ׾ΪûһĵԵʣ治һܹĵġ
Ұȡٶʮö׾ݸүӣ΢Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬾ŮһѲϴݸˡ
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ҰŮ粻ĽӹǸ뷽һ𣬴챦ի˳ȥ
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ϣû죬˾ͽӵ˷׸ԷѸ棬һڵĵָ̾˷ңûɽеͼ¶ǲ˽Էչ˵飬ҪҸ׸󵽵ʲôϵ
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Ұδ𻰣ľһѱסҰĸ첲Ŵ۾ϼʮߵԲҲ죬ģ
ҰȻŸ첲ϴۻһ˿ĸоڵҲ֪˵Щʲô
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ҲϼĿ⣬ͷԼظߣҰĸ첲øˣߺߵĵʲô챦УǿûǮĶȥ
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Ұ룬ǵķ˶ɫŹֵĿȻڻҰȴеĲڣ˫۳ûĸеһУһа
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ϼִӴеݹȥʮ׾ĵס
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ҰԵͷ·Ȼ˵ȴǺбҪģԺܺõ˶Ŀܶ鷳
·˾͸һͨǰ˹ȥ
δ߳ͨ쳣Ļ𱬡
ٰ߰׾
˰ٰ׾
ҳһǧ׾

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һǧٿ׾ڶΣҪӼ۵Ŀ˰ûˣ
ֻĶģϣ˼Ӽۡ
˰֮һֱû˼Ӽۣ˲һеСЦһǧٿ׾Σɽ˰ݵĿݾ͹ʮĺˣȵ뵽̨ȥ죡
Ұ࣬Уеöս˰˰ݵĿݣ֪ʲôöأ
ֻļ۸񣬱Ѱļ۸Ҫ˲١
£˰ݵĿݶҲֻһǧ׾ӣȴһǧٰ׾һ
סеļҰڽѰλңң̨ϡ


70 ǵ
ĴԵ÷ǳĻ谵ǰ̨ϷǶżʮҫޱȵʯͷյ̨硣
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λŮӶԵպ֣ͨĶҲֳַܹǷδ䳡
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ŤСƿЦ绨Ľܵλ潫ҪһöƷҩ
ʱо˾ž
Уҩǳ˻ӭÿһγֶ˵׷ֵ̧ԽԽߣȻмУϾʦٵÿ
˵޵ĺ촽ǵȫֻͨ߾ʿãöҩܹ֮ڲ˼ȫеʣ߾ʿͨٶȼ
һ£ջöҩ̵ܹʱڳΪһʦԽСߣЧԽãλĺߴڣǧҪú󱲳ΪŵĻŶ
ò˵λϯʦȷʵЩֶΣ仰ͽеմĸ
˵ˣǷҰ˿ҺĿⱻȫ˹ȥĿһƬȡ
Ҳֹͣ˸ϼԴףĿĶŻеƿ쳣ļ
үүȻǸƷʦȴûͨҩƳͨˣֵҩǷǳġ
ϼ͸˵ˣĺ࣬㲻ϵ뷽ҰǿУ㷽ҰҲܵһ컵ĸо
ĿڳһȦĿͣǰļϣֻʵǿˣŸҴֵǰ棬ܹģҲֻǰˡ
üۺЦĵͨĵ׼ǰǧ׾ÿμӼ۲һ٣ʼۣ
Ұ࣬ƷҩļֵǸߣ׼۾ǰǧҪȥǻһ򰡣
ǧĻ䣬˿ٵĺ˼۸ֱһǧ
һ򣡡ţ˺˸ߵļ۸

Ƕڸһһټӵʱ򣬺һǧһǧļӣܿͼӵһ塣
򣡡һƵһӼǧóжʱ䳡˶ǱסˣʱھȻټӼۡ
˳ķȥҰȻķ֣һĽУŸ쳣ֵ󺺣ϲûдۣҲûдңֵ
˾
Ұ»Ȼϲɵ¶һ˿Ц⡣˵ģòöҺ۶νҲᱻϳԻ粻
㶼佫ԲˣҪͨƨðһ̧ǧ׾ĵҵİɣһʵƮҲ֪Ǻ
ЦһķⶼڲĵװŪˣүҲãͽòҪĻ۾ǣ˭龧࣡
ǸʵĬȥ硣
ԭҲϼ΢΢ЩԾ
𣿡ĹĵĻӦ
ҰҲתͷϼ뿴ӵкζء
ϼѹüͣѵΧһʦ佫ԲΪɱǿߣΪ˸ĺ벻Ȼͽܣ
һгƬ֮һϵֺ˸ߵļ۸
һŵŮٴۡ
ľڲŸտʼ
ȻСȴҲ˶Ȼв˴ڣ׷׳ۡ
ܿ죬۸ᵽ壬ɵš
һҲЦ򣡡
ٴξ˾˵Ŀⶼ˲תƵ˳ϣղųھļˣĬȥ
ǧǧļӣҲ£ڿټӼ۾ֵֵ
ʱؽЦ̴үΪͽͨͽܹеʦ磬֮ͬӱǺüʶûиߵģ
Ұһ̾Ůӻ룬˳һѣʵǵͨļֵ׾úжһţǺܻġ
Ȼ軰£Ǹϵ͵壡
ҲǳѧֱӼǧóеʱСȥ
Ŀ¶׹⣬ɫıһ֣ڲǧǧļӼˡ
ղž۵ɭȻųЦӣ֣Ҫˡ
ĻӦɱҵ˶ˣб£־ǣʱţ
Цһ𻰡
̴үǧ׾˼Ӽ۵Ļͨɳ̴үˡεûٺһѯһӦ֮󣬱þյöеС
轫ƿ£ӣиŮ˫һεƷǰ滹ŸɫУ˿嵽ʲô
ŮнӹƷŮʶȤ˵һߣˢһ³ǽɫĳУ¶һɫĴʳ
潫ҪһؽмǵĻ滢ͷǣּǳ֡ʯϽɳȲƶɣһ˵ţһס˵Rһ˵
߳ͨϺɫĵбŸĵ̣·ĵϺһѪۣ污ԵðԵ
ҰĿƵ̨ϵĻǵе쳣ϲһֱûгֵıؽмĻǵúʣ


71 
ؽм⼸һڣжʱ
νֻҪǴ˵ȼıֵԹ
ؽмļֵƷҩļֵҲ£
ؽмҰʶ˳˷ܵĶŻеĻǵ촽
ϴɫʲôʱҲôܻӭˣ鲻мڷҰԺ
Ұ˷ۣƲƲ죬ʶ齻ɫŪһɫ
ĵϴɫһûСһָҪƶûУ
ţˣбھƳҰƲ죬ɲôŻԡ
˼Ҳûз
Ұҡͷţ͸о˲Ծĳҿ˿
ֻߺ죬ϼⷺĶŷҰķҰ﷢ë
ţҰ˫ʶ£˫ּ価ǻʱ˹ϵЦһӽӲϣæ˫ۣӲӵ죬ңǸǹġ
λŮȫһԲһգգĶŷҰķҰձĿбӵ̨ϵǱǵһͷŮӡ
⻢ǵڻǿУܹӵǿɱޣռݲСƣԵѣǧܴŶĻǵϹӯӯЦ⣬Եòײ࣬һг
׼۶٣Ȳĺ
Ϲ˵ЦݣĵЦǵ׼ǧ׾ÿμӼ۲һ٣ۿʼ
ڣĺϼĿŲԼͬĴӷҰ˻ȥתƵеĻǵϣ÷Ұа˿
壡˱ۣҰֱӺ˳
˻
˶һĿȻתƵҰϣҪ⵽ǺηʥһӼӵǧ׾һӾ͵ֵ˼λ߷壬⻢ǵνڱصã
ĺϼ𾪵ŷҰ֪ôǮ⻢ǵ
ϼѹˣ챦̻пɲģҲùؾصģòô龧¸߲У
Ұĵзִ磬³çµġ
ʮ˺λѳ壬ûиߵģȷӦ˹æ
ǣҰһ̫ˣ˶һʱתЩ侲ĸͲҪԵֻ֮εöĴӣаһﻹģһһļȥ򶼴סͳˣʵе
ȵ۸ö˲ŷӦ˹аղѡ
ļƷƽеǼٰ׾ˣеǼǧ׾ģԷҰûʲô
ֻԱλεεĴ˶Ŀ⣬ȴܲˡ
ܿ͵ĩβǸؽмɽǸһʼǸ˵ȥ
͵ҩͬ˺õĹܹǿҩֻܸһʹã˵ֵԶԶϲϹˣ㻨˰׾÷Ұࡣ
ſڵңҰŷĶ˵һȻվ
˵Ŀⶼɽʱ򣬷ҰһŻн뵽еĺ̨ѯĵõĶ֮󣬾Ͱ뵽һУ
Ȼ챦̻ǳãǷҰʼղδɣδĲˮڻƤɳϣĵȴš
ҰԼо˼ǿϢڰУף챦еذ£Щ˾ͻˡ
֮һ󲻼ĽŲ⴫ӰڷҰС
ǸõˣǰĵƷȺ˳λѽģϣܹ£ĵõĻǵЦȻֽǵݸҰ÷Ұһ˿컵ͷ
ĬƵӡҰеѹ£ֽӹǵ˻ˣöѺİɣ
費źۼĴӷҰ¶İɨ΢΢ЩԾǰ˵ͣ񲢲󰡡
ҰѯʣаֹһûǮǸˣò԰ʳİɣܵ챦̻ңˡ
ԺȻתЩֵͷϵЦ˿欵Цûĳ壬ֵͬĶѺҲԣ֪ʲôѺ
Ұγǵĵ˵ͷʵ𣿡
轿ЦﻹЩλʲôöֱóһļ۸ġ
ҰóǵЩͨҩĵǸ
費ɵüͷȫЩͨĲϣܹҲٰ׾һﲻҪЩծɣ
Ұɫƽ֣ڰͣһӲӵɢһɹɷϢ
ϵļ辪ϳ𾪣һ״ӵɵϴ
ʱķӦҰͷ΢΢˿˲עʱͽļͼöƿռתƵ˰УҲļֵķӦⶫļֵӦò͡
ֵΣҰɬ
ӹϸ˰ӵĹ򣬲ų˿촽ճһĨջĻȣЦĻа׾ϣ˰ΪʮһܵõҡڵѺǣֻܰм۸ˣ׾ǵȥǧ׾ǧ׾Σ
ҰаһҲá
ҰжԻֶͶأĶȱĹĶ࣬ǻһס
뵽˵ǧ׾Ұַ˳˵׾󣬵ǧĻҲ٣ֲǰƿռװǸ鷳¶
Եȣһ仰Ťŷƨ˳ȥ
ûãٴ˽֬ɵ϶һŰɫƬƬϻһϵӡǣɢŲĳҲ֪ʲôӡǡ
ǳЦŽ͵챦̻ĹֻҪֿƬ챦̻κεطŻݣƬﻹǧ׾챦̻Ĺͨá
Ұֽӹж챦̻ӵĺˣͨã治һܹģ
Ұվͻǵһص˺棬ĵɣˣ
ߺãպҪʲôҪʲôԹչ챦̻ᡣЦȻ
šҰһͷҲص߳˷䡣


72 
ҰĴͨнĻȺ֮߳ڷ߹հһ˲עʱ򣬽ѸٶºۣǵİڱŲĴӷſ˳
Ұ챦̻ķвϤɲڷжƿռ䣬˿֮ǿɱؽмӵۺ졣
ĺϼ͵ȺڷſˣҰȫЦ绨ӭ
ɫŹֵŷҰ΢΢˿ôòһΪ㱻챦̻ɵأ
Ұݵ⣬ƽף챦̻ɲԼӡ
Ұĺܺ棬㵽ʲôģϼҲ˺档
ҰЦֵ۵Ķ
ôţг˲졣
Ұ㵵ĵôŻôţ
ĺϼһۣȫһϼĵѵƥСĵĺá
Ұĵʱ򣬱ֵԽţԽ˵ĻɣֵԽݣԽµġ߰ɣûȥˡ
ĲϼߵҪػɽˣǸ
ϼ΢ЦּҾɽԶǡÿһȥ
ˣҲˣһ߰ɣҰεȰˡ
ίŷҰ
Ұ϶˿ЦҪϼһߣֻжϼʼջġ
ԼõǵϢֻ֪һˣǲõġϼԼʾãҲ֪ύԼͼҰò
Լȥ㵣ǣҰҲġԼĻûл˶Լˡ
뿪УŻɽп첽š
ȻҰ˻٣ҲҴ⣬մӷгû඾ӣУ̽·̫鷳
̤ɽһֻͨ඾ǰһ˵³򣬻ڷҰԺ𣺡ϴǰǧ⣬иǳֵڿٵĸ·Ϣǳǿ󡣡
ҰԺиֳǸӵӰʱͣס˽ŲʾŮٵӵһʯϢ
ĺϼɫ΢΢£ŷҰǿʯŷҰض侲ӣҲЩ죺ѵҰôֵģ
ҰƽޣɫһƬ侲пٵѯʻ飺Щʲôˣ
ֻ඾ʧܿ³£ֻһˣǰһҪĴУеһˡ
ˣ
ҰԺ˲ͷɫ˲˱䣬ѵڷԼ
¹ΣҰɲ˿⣬ֽķԸ඾мǴеĶκη紵ݶҪһ㱨
ֻ඾ٴʧҰĴʯһ
Ůɻ֪¹شҲҳѯʣֻǽŷҰȴҰһָʾ
˰ӣֻ඾ٴγ֣΢΢˫ᣬɻĵϴ󣬺еԾлˣÿ˵Ϣӣ֮仹໥˼ƣһģôǿݣڶԸǵİɣ
ҰȻУһϵǳ˳ͻĵĵؽм似ɽѵ˲ɣ
ΪҰٵķԸ飺඾ɢΧ˳û
³򣬾һεĲɢ˳ȥֻ඾ٳܷ˳ȥ
ܿ죬ʹϸϢҷ߰˰⣬ʮڳǴиϹȥͷһһߣӵϢ˿˵Ϣʣµ˾͸˵ʦҲߣǲ̫ġ
ҰԺеͷٵת˸˷ܵɫоųɰܹȷǵȵˣһˣ
ҰͷŮһǸӻǰҪĴУҪʲô˶֣Ǵǵıؾ֮أʲô㣿
ĺϼһۣµǺȻɫ
ĵг˵ǣǲǰɣ
Ұҡҡͷĵ֪ǵĵϸͲֱӾͻɱ˶ᱦˡһȺڿٳǸָȥӦǡ
æǰ氮ôôǻǲҪˣֲεĽ֣ͲֵܹġǴԱƹȥɣ
ϼҲüΧһʦĺµʱ򣬸˲֡ײˣȻ
Ұüͷ΢壬Ǻ۰Ļǵ䣬ֽװͨϵİݸģǰǻؼҵıؾ֮·û취ؼˣȥͷɽңո֣ܿͻȥͷɽǡ
ĺϼȫ𣬵ɣǵΪ̫óȻ֣ûʲô𡣡
ҰصЦЦҶչ˵ЩˡİɣҲġ
ϼһ˿ɻȻŷҰ˵
㣡ĵ
ҰҲ΢΢Щжڵʵȥ佫ԲˣΪܹ˼ҪԼȥ˵жƭ˵ġ
ϼ΢΢£ɽɫ˼£տЦҡҡͷǸֱѡ޷㡣ĳʲô£һὫ췢㸸׵ġ
Ұа̾˿ʱܹԼģԼ˰
ųһĨĶǵЦݣŷҰȥϼͲңǽ
ĵףϼԺҲΪˣڸղţϼѾʧȥ˸ʸֹ˷ҰеһšţԶϼˡ
Ұϼ˵ͷֶŷЦЦֹһȥɣ飬ҲֻԱչĻ군
˵˵ĲϨ˸һͬе˼˷Ұһۣ鸴ӵϼŻͷɽķȥ
Ұ˿ĴˣÿǿǷҪˡ
ֻʣԼҰĵҲȥϢٳǴֿ
ԶԶǴ֣Ұͣ˽ŲڿɲܵĴȥȴ϶ˣȥ뻢ڡ
ҰĴɨ£ϢѹͣһؿľڴԱߵһĸߵĹľУ۾ֵķ
Ǵ쳣ѹ֣еȸƺܹܵеɱһ㣬ҷκεΨɽХ춯ţԵôֵļžžĶЩĸо
ҰһĶڹľУϵѹͣѪҺٶȶ
СʱҰɫ΢΢˶޵ĿɨԶͼԶʮӰڿٵĿ
ˡҰаһƿƱգ˸һĨ˷ܵĹ


73 Ҫ
ʮӰٵĿïܵĴǰ棬ͷһλ뷢׵ĿߣһԻǵӶǰĴ£üͷƣһͣ
ѪȵĻɽУܹһͣľȻǱѰҪĴ֣ȻҪ¡
οϻиոĵĵؽм򲻿ɴ⣡
ʮӰӦͣһŴ֣ı˳
Ұ۾˹ȥĳӰʱӲһؿ
ؼҵˣ
Ұ΢΢һԥҪҪѣȻ𷽼ԽĹĶǣʯһڵΧͷɽҰָֻĮ
ѣڴ˿϶ὫΪͷŵ֣Ż඾Ҳûϣܹ
ѱﻹоȥܱ˵£
οǿʳУ˷ɱӶȥˣҰؿûʲô飬ʱ򣬲侮ʯѾܲˡ
ҰڵѹƵ͵㣬ޣڵȴʱ
ͷǸϬڴɨһδʲô쳣ֻĵ׻ЩõԤУ
ؿǰȥտȻּ䣬֮󣬲Щɻĵϣ˰ɣûУӦòɣ
˵ͷţʲôɫȻ䣬ȵСģ
ôŨܵĴ֣˵ûȸڣǾȻܵ顣
ֻһֿܣǾ
߻δ䣬дŵĴЦӰۻƴг˳סؼһ˵ȥ·
ǷֵƤؼߵǰ棬һѽɫĳǹ϶Ц⣬ɭȻͷΪؼҵĳϣȻܹƾ˿ܹ֪Ȼǳĳ˾ֻһˡ
ܵϵǿ󲨶ؼ˵ɫˣǳϵɫҲ쳣ӣؼҲ𣿡
ֵӹһĨ׺ݣЦʱ㲻˵֣óĳ𣿳ĳͿԼܲĵõǹ
Ϲײ֣Ҳ˻ˮؼҵǸˡ
һƵЦ˻аԲεУɭȻ϶ֻܹõĶ̫ˣΪ˹ֵΪһ
һûκζֻ˫ȴĴ͸˿˿ĹĵǶҿǸȫʬ
ص߻ɫĵǿҪˣǳ֣ؼұȻ׷ɱǵĺǣݣ
ײĵ޷ɱǣû֪Ǹɵģɽô󣬳ؼٷŭ֪˭֣˭ȥ𣿡
ڸߴķҰ˸˷ܵĹаصϻĺö
ؼ˵ɫ쳣ѿԷǴһҪᱦҪɱˣ
ؼǸ֪첻ˣŭغɽرһǣʣµ˷ͷߣֻҪһѣ£
Աϣؼλ߻ͷųһۻǿƣֳһ԰͸ĺɫ˫ᣬ͸˿˿Ϣгһɫ䵶˫չȳų˹ȥ
ţλҲһڵó϶һڵų˳˹ȥ
ͬʱؼʣµҲѸٵɢ˿˷볷ˡ
ЦһķҲֳֻ͸ĵɫ˫΢΢ɿ䣬ܾ͵ɫǷ˶ٵĳеĻƽǹһӰؼλ߳ɱ˹ȥ
ײֱֳһԵɫİ͸˫ȫ˽ɫɫײУ佫ǿһͽӲеı
ؼλˮԣǳԣһ֣ӾռϷ磬ؼλѹƵġ
佫ǿΪǵ˵˹սײ֣Ҳֻǿ·磬Ҫȡʤǧѣ
ʣµЩϣͽˣϹЦһֳһԵɫ˫΢΢ɿ䣬ӻΪһ̣ٵȥؼˡ
Ұа׼ר˸Եİ֣ؼҵˣڽˡ
ȥؼҵˣҲѸ̫صƣԼҲó֡
ûлᣬҰҲðֵģȻлĻҰҲҪһģ

ߵһλؼҵʦˢһ±ǹϹնΪأδȥҺ
ǹϹͣɫ˫ɿаԲεķֶǰһҵ겱ϻһݵͷ­Ѫ˳ȥ
ȫһ浹ɱؼλ佫ǿȫ˫Ŀͨ죬ŭҪȥסϹ
ӺͰײ⣬ĵƴ
ؼҵ˶׽׶༪ˣؼҵλϺλ佫ȫֻ֮أÿһγֶ˻˵Ĵ򷨡
һɣؼҵһλ׺ŭײֵĽɫײһӦϣҲûеĳ˰ײֵ£һǰ͸˿ڡ
ײһɫĴصĻؿڣ˳ȥ߹Ƕ
ؼҵλϺʣµλ佫Ҳʼ׺ķ£ӺͰײϺܿͶ˼СС˿ڣѪȾۡ
ؼҵļ˵ĸأλӵϵĹ˲٣ߣҲӵĻƽǹ̳˼͸վվȣֻܿ۵ĳάƽȡ
˫ǲݵĽ֣֮䶼쳣еѪ졣
ǲɱʱǹϹͻȺƵģɱɽֶһѪɫ֫أԵ쳣Ĳң˼Ƶġ
ӻķ϶մѪŹϹϹûԷ𣿶ԸһȺС飬Ҫʱôã
ϹЦͺˣʣСϾ͸㶨ˡ
Ϲ˵Ż²ͣμ˸ǵ׷һλ꣬׳зУΪ룬Ѫһء
ҰųУֻʣؿһˡ
ȻҰɫ΢΢˱䣬ؿŲ·ţȻԼķ
ջطУϹ˿ͣٵĳؿ
ؿƴܣȻһ˲ڹľеķҰָŷҰҪгáۡһ졣
ţͿԼ񱼵ͷʬ壬صĵڷҰǰȻ޾ĺڰ֮С
ؿͷʬ͵˷ҰǰűŨѪζҰҳ˫ֶץУס˺һҶ
ңǹϹδⷽٿջطУͳųȥ


74 Ҵս
Ұа˿ſڹľһǹϹѾԶȥҲ˿⣬ԹϹΪأпܱ֡
ĪţǣϹѪĴһڰһɫӰзлһĨĻȣٵϱ۵λ󺺡
һɣ˸ŷıŰϵĻɫٵתѪɫڵԪȸղۺ˽ëжʼ˿˿ѪΡ
Ϲĵü£˸һ˿ļɵڰпٱãһֱ˹ȥ
֪λٶͻȻ죬ˢһ³ڹϹǰ棬ƴűϹķʿǿнϹסϳɫ˻Ҳùģ
䣡
һҵıը쳹ǿΧɽʯľȫƷ˳ȥѪмϹǵڵϣƬسȾ졣
غؼλϱϵϳ˱ʹ
磡ؼλӲҺ˻ˣȴ޼¡
ȵǹѪɢغѾʧӰ٣ֻʣһصʬ
ϹɫҰ׵վڳУʵѾ㲻վˣбһƵĴʯͷϣݰ׵ĳҵĴؿڣؿڸըĳȥг˺Ȼ
ϹôˣײƣҪˣȥϹơ
֪ʣµ˸ӵƴˣоѪɫǸ΢ӸǺηƴűײնһֱֻۣ׺ݵĽײֵĶ˺ҧ۵İײֲҽвѡ
һ˳Űײʱһǹڰײţ߹Ƕ˼Ե쳣Ѫȶҡ
ǹϹȻ˲ᣬǻһս֮ײֵĲҽϹű˫վֱеİ뻡ηˢһֶ
ۣ
ղŶϵֱ۵ǸӵΪ룬룬ѪȪӿۼǲˡ
ɵǣһҲлƽǹĹӵĿˡ
ԱͿؼҳϣֻؼҳһֱƴóҲ޷ڶʱӵڣؼҳϻѾ;ƿݵĵزֵϺܿͶ˼ǹðѪ
ɣײֿһŽĴֱֱĲʣµţӲ˺룬ĸγθһأ֮һ㡣
ۣ
ϵƶȻһʢۻƽǹУһĽǶббؼҳϵĲУһߵͷ­µµľ͹˳ȥ
սؼ
ҰҲ΢΢ЩһսĲҳ̶ԶԶؼһҲδӳȥҲ˻صơ
ϹڵϴڵĴϢţҰ׵ϻЩĸоµĵүⱲûôײеս˻ݰ﷭˴
ŻƽǹķҲŴϻˣǻţϽѶ˰ɡ
ײæһڳǰؼͷǰͷųЦЦ֣ʬ̫ˣóɡ
˸һ˿Īɫ϶ЦݣٺЦͰˡ
ַؼҳϵʬǰһͳһͲ
򿪰¶һɫľᣬϷһƬ΢΢ƵĲͼҲ֪ʲôõġ
ȻֶɫῴûֱӽƬƵĲͼץУɫ˷ܵĻͷϹ
ϹҲǼɫȻֱ쳣ֶŭɫæŴеСģ
΢΢£һ˼ĵͷĿǰİػƽǹ˵ЩʲôһſھһѪ
ӣúݵİϹŭ˫Ѫ죬ָųЪ˹ĺС
еĻƽǹӰڳϵķҵĲ£С۶г˺飬Ц˲Ϊ𣡷ħĲرͼʹֻһƬҲĶˡ
ֵײײתָָٴһѪĵ˵ϣ鴤˼£ͳ׵Ĳˡ
Ұа𾪣Ҳû뵽Ȼ󵹸꣡
ǰһĻ÷Ұ˸ʶͬʱҲԳеķħȤ
ϹϷŭıѸٱ棬ȻĲȥǵѪҲ֪ħ
Ц֪ôһΪΪ˽ȡͷĵؽм
ϹߵĵǣӲţ
ǰķΡΡЦ룬ȻؼҵѾˣӦףǲġ
ϹųǼ΢ƣ¶һĨȻɫɬȻϵƶˣӲͷˣ㲻ǲܿٵĽڱʵ
˸ָϹϷʵЦݣҡͷ̾Ϣϧ֪Ѿ̫ˡʶʮķϣһʹģ
Աϣɫһ࣬лƽǹ˸ǹϹȫڣĴϹʺ
ϹԴУ˫ɿ˿һ࣬г˷ɫздӳ׺Ļ
Ļƽǹڿմͷŵǰ˿ڣüܣˡ
˵һ룬뵽ղŹϹֲȥǵѪֵ¶һĨȻɫЦԭ͵˻
Ϲ԰ֵֶʱ򣬾֪ȻŹԼŸղŲʱ͵͵һöҩʱѻ˿Ȼ˵Ǻ˼֣Ҳһ֮ڹؼʱ̶ܿһ
ߣָ˼Σɣ˼⣬ס˿ڣЦһлƽǹٴγŹϹ̳һ¶ȫƿ̵÷ҰĶĤʹ
Ϲ˷ӭųĻƽǹͳȥϹ˷ЦݣЦӣһȥɣ
ۣ
ƽǹ谭Ĵ̴Ϲظ֮УϹȻ׳еķУֱϮĲӡ
г˺Ȼɫٵĳ鶯еĻƽǹ֪ǹϹĿڣһק֮£Ȼûק
ֱ֮ƽǹƬ̣ת˲˲£ɿƽǹһڱۻ뼸ĺˡ
Ĳӽ磡תƷҲͣ٣һߵˣһ߻Ƴŷл˹ȥ
Ϲ¶ʧȫһҲάڵ쵹ȥѸٵĻɢ
µʱ򣬻㱿һӰӿٵûüô£ʶ޾ĺڰ֮С
Ĵּеʱ򣬶ϺȻһ󼱴ٵƿаá
δӦ͸еֻȭͷصĺϣײǰ˰벽
벽ǰ벽
Ѱʱ̶ֳȵĹû˿Ӱ죬ǣǰ£벽Ҫ
ˢһǶĲӴ룬Ȼûܽͷ­ֻʣһƤš
ʵתһĮվ
ҰʱտνǵǷ켫ؼʱ̸˳һ
תҰƱصĻڳϵķϣһŷֵͷ­նͷķʬصĵ˵ϣƬĲ֦Ҷ


75 ˲
ˡ
һ𣬳ǧ඾ڷҰ裬Ұеħ
ŲҴսĿɽ֣Ұһпϣ׼඾ڹؼʱֵ̳ģû뵽Ȼػģֶﷴֵøܾ˵Ľ֣ǱҰ
Ĺթ
ҰҡҡͷӰǵؽмɽ˰սƣȡһƬƵĲͼ
УҰг˾ɫطƵĲͼʲôƤɵģҲʲôƤĿ˿˿·͸һŨµϢ
ʲôħĲرͼˣϧֻһƬҰ΢΢üͷŲͼһҲ
飬֪йطħ飿Ұ뵽˻顣
ʱĻ඾̬չ˫ӷҰз˳ڷҰļϣߺߵʲôħû˵ԶģҲǧŵİɡ
Ұɵһڻһû취Գ
ֵطҰɲʱ䣬ֽͼƿռ֮Уֿ˿Ǹᣬɽ쳣ۣ͸һɵ
Уܷӵˮƽ࣬ϧԵģ취ɡҰ죬ɽľҲƿռ֮С
ţҰʲôٵĳ嵽ͷʬǰһǸСƿ֮¶һɵĵҩԼ۴Сźƣͨ
ҰһϲһͨҲƿռ֮С
ҰĻƽǹϹķԼؼҳϵĺɫ䵶һһԶĶƿռ֮С
Щǵؽ׳ȻĻǵ˵ҲֵƣҰɲ׷Ź
Ȼ󣬷Ұսϴѹһ˲ƣѹε龧ԼʮѶķѻƿռС
ֵһǣҰӳϻ챦̻ĹϵŶǰɫģؼҳһȴɫģ涼ӡŸŹֶصӡǣ˳
һ˿ʾ˸֣ǿϵ
һҰǰ£Źּʮ֮࣡
˵Ĺϵ龧һЩؼҳڹ򹦷ʱѾȥ˰򣬿ʣĲ࣬Ȼ龧ࡣ
ң챦̻ᷢĹûгֿ˵ľϢһЩƬͱ֮
ҰĶٸ˶ֱͦ࣬ϳ˷ܵɫ룬޺Ʋҹݲʣ˲ƺ÷
ѸɹξҰӻͳӣһѻֳյøɸɾ
а̾һﵽʦ磬򶼷ʬ𼣶ôѣҪٵа
Ұÿ֦Ҷֳڸǣûǲɢ඾䣬Ѱ˸СϪԼϵѪζϴɾųŻͷɽķȥ
Ұ쳣Ľýżʯ㣬ӭɽ磬ٵĳԶ
֮УҰаѯʻ飺飬㵽׻˶ˣ
ĵ˵𣿵ʶоѵʱ򣬲ǳξѡ
Ұ˷۶㻹˵ꣿ
ĬƬ̣ЩãĵʵɣҲŪ
ŪҰȻ
ҵڣ񶦵ĸֹܶ˽쳣ӦǶڵ顣ǣһһ΢ĸоԺͷйأҺӵͷм䣡ֻҶƽӡ쳣ģֶǵãʵĻǵһЩз飬Ҳޡʵܹʲô
Ұ𾪣аи²⣬룬ȻʵСǲ
Ǳȵβ͵èƵģе֪
Ұɫ΢ЦڻɽУ˯֮˺˪Ӱ
ڻ飬ҰûҪ
˪Ӱ龪һֻȻѹȸԭǺ˪ӰԵʡ
Ұ˵ͷĵȸ˪Ӱйأ
͵˪ӰΧضлԵ컯飬ȸգҲǺ
ҰԵͷ˺˪ӰΪûշŶҲԣڳ˯֮УԼʵ޷շף԰ڵƫľʦǣ˵޷˪Ӱ
Ұ˻Цòˣȡ񽣣ɲҶ˱
أݣԭǱȡ˰ˣ񽣶ˣôû㰡
ҰɫһڣûĵҸ˼ҹϵòа
Ȼðһ䣺еĻŮģ
һѩŮҰʵʵҲ뿴鵽û˵ѩ塣
ѩ壿¡
˵Ұɫ𶯣Щ
ļǾǰˣ˵ѩ壬ѩ崫еɹԶġ
ôȻ࣬ѩǿԶ׼ҰԺҪټѩܷܷѶȿ֪
ɵеӡ󣬵벻
Ұһ
ʲô²ĵһŮôǲǿ˼ˣ
ҰԺиֳѩܷܷӰᶨĵһȥģ
ѵӵк˪ӰһʣȻֻڶʮҲ㹻Ϊ֮ˣ׷߻᲻Ŷ
ҰЦһҾͲ׷վǰˣ˽ô࣬Сǲ
һ䣬صĵ񶦵ҲûҪ˽̫࣬ڻҲԲܱ֪ѱ
Ұüë΢¶ϲɫӻĻ棬Ҳµ˼֣뵽ѩܷܷ˵޾º󣬻۳а˳ɰܹȷ񶦣Ȼеһ֣
ֻǣڵ񶦣ԶԶ㲻Ҫ׵Ļָ֪²ſˡ
ǰ;谭أֻвϵıǿٱǿܹǿƵƿ赲ӭѶϣ
ͷɽ챦̻ķбȻɽҪԶĶ࣬Ұͣĸ·ҲڵڶʱֲŸϵĻͷɽɽ¾ɫɣֻɽ϶Ѿȥ¥գ͸˿˿Ϣ
Ұϻͷɽʮĵطֻİܵľиоرζ
ҰľϲĽѷҰӻ˻
Ұ̧ͷȥĺϼվڻͷɽϣϲɫϼҲ˿ֻЩȻ
Ұ¶һĨЦݣǸǾõˡ
ͺãĻϲ
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ҰЦһеӣӺͰ֡Ϲһ֣ɱؼҵˣؼҵ˳ˣؿҲ˶֡ӺڳԺڣֺ͹Ϲնɱʬ𼣺뿪ˣǿ̫࣬ûҶ֡
ؿˣϼסлЩš
Ҳ˲죬Ұû֣æҿû֣ǳĺҪ¶ͷ϶޷Żˡ
¹شЩ飬Ұǲ˵ģҪ鷳


76 ͻƣ
ڶһ磬Ұ˾뿪˻ͷɽּҴڻɽͻͷɽ֮䣬;ʱϼ͸ȥ
ڴ࣬ҰͷĲɽǰ
ԶԶģͼѩͤͤվɽ£Լʹ⻪תڳһң
ңңȥѩͷ·ǾŮ·ƵģһɳʥϢ
ҲɱԵʣѩӷķǳ죬귽ʮģѾ߹ģҪ˼꣬ȻɳΪһǵա
ƺǸӦ˷ҰĿ⣬ѩˢһתͷµСϹ˿ĵЦݣϲĴе磡
ü΢ѩӦĿ⣿佫ǿ߲žеѵɺϣѩתͷˣ
Դӷѩľ֮ͨȻȻĽ뵽佫ľ磬־ӵϵѾȶ佫磬˵ȥԻ𾪡
ѩ̤Ĳ˹ߵ˷Ұǰ·ǲƵģһƮĸо
ľĿԲסӣС죬а𾪣ٶ̫ˣʦѵ˵ѩĳΪһ佫
оǿ񻰴˵һ㣬ѩı֣̫Ԥˡ
Ұ᷽ϵĲ죬ѩһѱ𣬴ЦתȦŽ£ֹ˹ηѩɰǣЦѩֱƯŶ
ѩЦ۾ݺȵĵ磬⼸ȥĶˣҲûк
ҰЦЦȥ챦̻ķУʱȥͷɽ˿˼Ĺ򡣡
ɽңԶǹĻܻҰҲûжԼ˽
ϣ֮ʱȻ˳˽ɱؼҵˣҰɲ׷ŹֺڳԺڵĻᣬΪ˷ĺϼİȫ룬ҰƵ˻ͷɽŵ˴󲿷ֵʱ䡣
ûиҴʲôöѩڴ
УҰȻһЦ⿪İεĹӡ
лл磡ѩĵĽ˹Ц绨
Ŀǹ֮г˲죬ǲɵһ鴤ʲôרĺöƻҪ
Ҳͷѩ˼ܱҰô׵ľƭȥ˰ɣ
ĵı飬ҰɵڨЦ£ҲΣ֮ʱȣҲ˸ѩҷѩޣͷǳˡ
£˷ֿҰͷѩؼУǣֽ̫࣬ͲҰҲûж͡
սţϵͿ˷ҰǱ޴ĳĵСҰĶŪһ󵶰
йػǵ⣬ҰûϵЦġ
Ķɫ΢вѰıٶǵؽױ
ҿº棬ֱʷҰҪ
Ұֽǵ£ϵ˹ȥ
һסǵһ죬ǵӵг硣
ʱ˿˿ɫ⻪ŷ͸ԵĲ·ΧĿһЩ
õѿڶ
Ȼ󣬷ˢһ½ǵ˳Եĵ͸ĵâһɫĹ⻪ԶܸܵһȵϢ
Żǵһǵĵ϶ʱһĵâХһ˵İԵơ
ؽм΢΢ݵг˾ϲɻĵô˵ҲҪİ׾ô׾
Ұڵʦһöϵļġ
ҲûжʣҰѾˣԶһЩˣʱûҪʵ̫ϸ
һæµķѩŷҰѩڵʣúɾ˷ˣʱȥһ˻ɽɽеļأѡ¹˳ҲҪұ뵶йص似û似ϣٺãҲӲ̫á
ҰͷӦǣȻӵ˻ǵȴʲôҪѡһʵĵϲС
ңСѾڵΪȶȷʵҲҪһʵĹˣװ˷Сõľ츳
ϣҰԼУ״̬۷壬һˮִƿռнöͨ˳
СûֱͨӿԽߺʦ磬뵽佫У÷ҰܵһּȸУıС˦˺棬Ҳ̫ˣ
ܹͨ˿ٵĴͨڶƷҩҲڼϡеĴڣܹͨ߾еʣҰȻŹֺöſͣһӣͽͨȥ
ҩ븹Ϊһɾ͸Ұ֫ٺ֮У÷Ұڲһůĸо
ҰĬ˾ƹڵ糤Ӱڵҩٵɢȫ
ͨҩܿһ𣬴ӷҰȫʼ͸ľ֮УҰһĸоδͨЩеļɬڿټᣬףеڿٵ
ͨߺʦ磬ΪӵĽ쳣Ѹ٣
ǹůĸоܿɢ˿ȥݷڷҰľ֮У·κ鶼δƵġ
Ұſں˼ˮڵתˮеֽͬ糤Ӱ㳯澭
ͨҩδɢȥҰֶˮϡ͹Һ澭е谭߹һ㣬޷赲סҰĳ˲һͨ
ϡ͹ҺܹסҰ޹˼ɣͨһѸٵֵڵһѸٵĳ˹ȥûôͽڶ׹ͨ
ȵǹߣҰֳ˼ˮڵٵĲ֪ƣĳ澭
ˮ֧ţҰϵĳڽ澭ȫͨ
ߴԲ
澭һͨʱ򣬷Ұе·࣬ת֮£ܵ糱ˮ㳯ӿƽٶȿ
⻹ΪδͨԵʣͨٶܹ
ڳӯҰ¶һĨ΢ЦͨеʣټҺЧػסͨȫ˵Ѿû̫Ѷˡ
ܷܷңһȥģʱ䣬̫ԶҰ˸һĨᶨĹаġ
޽ҰɲΪԼһöܹͨΪţѩܷܷͳǻʵʦǵҲԼ
οô죬Ҳܾԭ̤ҪΪĸ콾ҪŬС
ͻ֮󣬷ҰСеĻþԼľ۵ѵʱǿ˯⣬ĬƵӡٽ֮ں;ڿٵĻָš


77 콾
峿ɫڻɽϣΪɽһ㵭ĺΣƿɢɽҲʼ
Թ緹Ұŷѩ뿪ţǰɽеļѡȡȻеһȻѹӸ߿һš
Ұие쳣ĺȻڸ߿һŵǵϢͫƽʨҪǿĶ࣬ɽ֮Уʲôʱָ֣
ףӰдһһƯŮƾճڰУֻѮҵ䣬ͷķ˿ȴѩףһַǳĸоȻȻ¶һӸ߸ϵϣ·Ǵ϶һ㡣
׷Ůŷѩ¶һĨ죬һ˿ȷ̡
ҰˢһվڷѩǰŰеİ׷Ůӣʲôˣ
׷Ůӵ˷ҰһۣӣһᾢҰһߣҰ͸е޷ֺֻзŭŰеİ׷Ůӡ
׷ŮӵĿͣڷѩϣԽԽǾ棬ɵĵ壿
ѩüŭߵ˭Ϊʲô۸Ҹ磿
ǣ׷ŮӿֳһĨݣ͸ҵľϲɫ⽫նӲĴ̴ռѷ죬ŷѩС𼱣ûµģֻ뿴ʰˡ
Աϣ׷ŮһӣҰٸһɣ˲ƿ˶ĿȨٴվ˷ѩǰ°Űеİ׷Ůӣĵ㵽˭
׷Ůſھ͵˷ѩʣҰеʱһ£ټ׷ŮӵΪɲ⣬Ҳ֪ǵѣҰԥĽѩٴεں󷽡
׷Ůӵĵ콾СõǺ壬ֻܰװ˷ʣ콾С
콾ҰŨü΢壬δ˵֡
ѩС죬Ҹ̬ôӣҲȥ
׷Ů¶Ȼ֮ɫŷѩݸһЦ벻˾ܾ콾롣С콾ɲһܹȥŶ۵ȫ콾ÿһεӣÿֻٸ쳣ңǸ콾룡Сҿֱӽ콾߹ѧϰǿ似Ӧɣ
Ұ׷Ůʵʲô취ҲҪСý콾а
ǣ׷Ů˵ǼٵģƴҲС׹ħߣ
޵ڷҰԺ𣺡ϴڣߣڸ㽲ڶ񶦵ܱܹĶĿ˵ǧҪ˵û콾Զʱھʹˣʢ˥ֻǽ̫̣ѩܽȥԲдģ
Ĵڣ
Ұɫ䣬˸һĨŨ𾪣ǰ׷ŮӵĿҲ쳣ļɵ
׷ŮЩѩŲ룬ߵҸ츳ҲܺãҪȥĻҾ͸һȥ콾
СѾͷĴܺãȻôõȥ϶ҪŸһģ
׷Ů΢΢һӷҰһɨ̲ĵ콾ɲһܹȥģĹʤ̭ûӦʵȥҲֻܱ˴
ҰӿֳһĨǿЦģȥԼִȥģȥ̧Ҷȥģ
׷Ů΢΢üëˮһ˿ɫıߵöˣܽ콾ģһûѷҰ˵Ļϡ
ѩ龰СҲҪʹС
ãȥ㸸ĸ׷ŮϹӯӯЦ⡣
壬ǣبźջ콾Ҫ˼꣬ȻɳΪһ콾ڸǲסĹâ
׷ŮӲδͨ͸ڷҰöС
ôѡùˣöˣЦ⣬ţͿ˸ںİ׷Ůӣɫ쳣أĵλǣ
ϵķӦҰжԻ˵Ҳӿ϶ˣû¶֮ǰϵֲˣϵĴڣ
׷ŮӵȻһЦСĸװɣҽ磬콾ĳϡŮǺ壬콾ȥչ֪Σ
콾һ𣬲˼Ű׷Ů硣
ϹһĨЦݣ˵ͷ
Ҳ˳淽ѩͷǰĳͷ磬ϣ¹ѩһܷ鷳ʾһ콾ƣ
һһöӵƳУӡһضϵӡǣӡһԾġ족֣ڰԵ͸һĳ
ϵӡ÷ҰһֺϤĸоۣȻϵӡǣȻ챦̻Ĺϵӡмƣͬ͸һɹɳ
ҰлȻ챦̻ᾹȻ콾ѹ챦̻أ׸󶼲ǣ˵Ƿ׸ˣ½¶Ҷ
Ұƣɽ챦̻Ӧý콾һ֧
ѿڶ
ҰЩĿϵһۣϵ˵콾ҲͰˣȻƶ˳ϵļʶҲ̰
ҡöƾʧУĵλӦܹ˰ɣ
ֱ磬ЦϵȻ޻ɣֻǷĳЩɻϹΪ콾ϣΪλƧĵط
΢΢ЩźҡҡͷеõϢ֪ϵһܻʴҲŻǰɽõϢԼԼ̽飬ѾȷǼڲǰͱѩȡˣǿϧˡ
Ұй⻪˸аֻѩ֪˪ӰڻɽϢֻѩĶ죬ȡ˺˪Ӱ
˪ӰѩеϢ˵֪Ļɽ¶޷ˡ
羹Ȼ֪ѩȡߵ񽣣˿˵ѩܷܷѩı־źţŲ֮Ҳ֪ģɽЩ鷳Ҫ˶þͻٴεߵġ
ֻһѩܷܷǳΪĿˣѩǿֻΪ鷳
ǣѩǿĻҲø콾ѩܷܷĽ
Ұа¾ģΣҪŬˣ
ѩĸ˸δ뿪ң¶ңȦúġ
ӳŮɷÿҳĵ׵ΣȻзǳᣬǷҲֹŮķչ淽ѩ˼׼˰ѩƽϲԵĶ÷ѩں档
絹Ǻһ˵ϧ𣬲δߴ٣ϲδ뿪ѩϣеĹذ÷Ұһ˶˲١
ҰѩŪһƿˮģǵ콾ôԶһǷеҺǿɾ鷳ˣջˡ
磬һŬһᾭǵġѩվߣŷҰ˻ָ
ҰҲŷѩ֣ϳ˸С
߰ɣĸ·ѩСԴһɫν˰סȽȽ𣬿ʧԶ


78 
ʲô£ѩô˴ˣٵĳڷǰüͷǡ
ţΧĽַھӶӿҰУҪ˽¾
ȥϵ˸УӿֳһĨԺΧ˰֣Цõģ콾һλϣΪɽѩʲͽѩ콾ˡ
ѩʲɫȻеӦӡ
ӡУѩСв߼·۵ĴڴϢзΪҵڶҩҲֲ˶ˣȻᱻΪʲǶǳ졣
Ȼʲôһӿֳһ𾪣ŵĵȵȣղ˵ǣ콾
콾ϳЦ⣬ӡ
أԲŵĵȷ콾𣿡
϶ĵҿеȷʵ콾ɡ
˿Һɴ۾ĽĵѩѾͷˣ콾һεӣжֻܽ룬˵ϴյӣ½϶ûһ˺ϸѩֱӾͽ콾УԺĳɾٶڣҷҵĸ
ֵĹϲһŷ׷ȥ
ȵ֮󣬷һҲпһҲ뿪
ȥһˡҰŵ˵һͿٵʧڼſڡ
һۣжһĨЦҰһֱܾǿСһ죬ҲܵѹȻ뷽跨Լǿ
ֻǣҪǿôף
ҰڻɽתһܿһֺĴǰΡĵŸʣԼһ㵭Ĺ⻪Ƿļء
󷨽ƣ
ҰŴŵĹ⻪ף󷨽ƣ
ڻͷɽʱ򣬼пûָ߶˵ĶԴռһڵַ̣һڶƱһ֮󣬷ҲһЩӡ
󷨽ƾǵһеõģʮΧصλã󷨽֮󣬴ķǿ
Ҵһڵõ˲ٹ似вٶǵؽ׵ģ似ߵǻϵĵؽ׸߼似似ѵãߵǷϵĵؽ׸߼
Ҳ֪ǷãǸ߼Ĺ似׸ѹˣûи߼ĴڣЩʧ
ڶ似ҲǷǰĹɱȡҰ˴ǰΪѰǻϵĵؽ׸߼似ϵ˵ǻϵĵؽ׸߼似һֱȽϿ񱩵ĵ
Ҫ֪ڻͷɽʱ򣬷ҵ似Ҳֻǵؽ׸߼ָ似ĵ붼Ķ
СҰ˰ҹ似ſ˳ŷҰĴк
λˣѰһ뵶йص似ҰЦŻӦ¡
ȥɣ似棬ԼѡɡֽŴ򿪡
Ұ߽УԱżƫÿһƫǰ涼ӣֱдšľˮס֡
ҰƫľܹľԵĹ似ӳľ񱩣ҰǸϲ񱩵Ĺ붼û˻ԵĴС
аʮܣÿ϶дšؽ׹׹似ؽ似
ڵؽ似ĵطҰϸѰһ似ֱַǰһơȭѽ
ڣҰҵһ뵶йص似񵶣
ǴеΨһһ뵶йص似ҲΨһһֵؽ׸߼似
˳ҰĴ򿪾ᣬĸӳ
ȻһνܣΪٱۣ֮ͰԵһǰ
Ұбһ貵Ĺ⻪һʱͱ⼸仰סˣ¿ȥҪõҪϤʽɨáնҪÿһ֣ĶӰ죬Ƴ뵶ܽ
ҰȫעĶ񵶣ǧԵķӡԺУİԵͷ
ЩʽȻǳܹͨһճЧķӳ
Ͼ̲صǿ޷ȫӳ±롣
󲿷ָսӴˣֻܷɵңŶԵϤܹӳǿеܹӳɣʮɵǼɵˡ
ȻҪȫӳֻڼϰ򵶷ļɣܹɣķӳ
ʱƣҰԺеƵӡתֵСӡǴһȣһΥ˿߿ʼԺС
˿ΪһͨĳʱУʱնʱòһһۣӡڷҰԺ
ȵ˿ĳЩһһ۵ʽ꣬壬ֻΪ˿ߣصĹ켣תţһְԵҵĸо
ԼУҰԺƺǧӿȼյĳ棬һƵģշָһ֧Ļ档
ţǧһΪһ񵶣񱩵ŭն£ԾĽ񷶼նΪ룬ƾ춯ء
һնȥǱҲ»Ϊǧ棬ҷһֱΪǼص˿ߣʧ
ǳɱΪ񵶣˿߸֮񵶣ٻ似ɣҰԺռ˳Ϲ˷ܡ
似ҶҲһ֣붼˼
ǸŻԭأҰ߳ԵĴ
СҰѡʲô似Ǽ°ɡſڣһػߵǰŷҰ֡
Ұ£ЦŵˣҶסˣδ似ľ
۾ɴ󣬲˼ĵʲôŽȥȷļסˣ似ɲ飬һˣͻɺܴˣȷסˣ
ҰаƵӡסĶϾ͵ӡԺУѡ
סˣɣæһȥˡҰЦЦӴ
ɵĿ˿ڵӣҰϴ˴еĹ似Ӿͻ
ûκηӦԿ϶ҰδӴдʲôô˵Ұļס似еϸڣҰļΪˣηӦ
Ӽس󣬷ҰδؼУڻɽתתһɽһĴǰŴ󿪣ɷдšá֣ư硣
ڣɽﱾһڵڶĵط񶼱Ұռˡ
ãȷҵò֪ǿ˶ٱŨ̶ҲȻͷɽǿ˲١
иʩȫиǧɷԲľ޴󳡵أһǧÿռһ䶼ò꣬Чã氲Ĳ򹦷似ҵṩ˼õء
ҰãЦŸλǧɹ㳡ж˴кл̤ɽϵһ޴ŻУһѵͨС
ͨԵǶ෢ʯͷյͨ硣
ҰͨƬ̣˸뿪յķ˽ȥ


79 
һʮɷԲķ䣬Ҳɸߣ㹻ˣĿˡ
ҰɽվڳУˢһ³ĻǵĵڷʯĹ⻪˸һĨѪĹ⻪͸һİ
Ұǳ׼İԺеĻʽ裬ʱնʱУʱãÿһÿһʽԺеһģһ
ż򵥣ѵö࣬Ұÿһλ裬ܸоĶЩȵļףջϸԵʡ
Ұһ˼ԺеĻʽһƿϵϰЩʽϵ޸š
ʱƣвϵĴһƿҰһһ۵ĻеĻǵϰԺиֳЩʽ
ҰףΨнʽմ죬ΣĵʱŻˮ°빦
Ϊ˸õڵҰվԭػӵһϰлӵԾʱӵתʱӵʱӵڲϵ˶֮УõЭ뻢ǵԡ
տʼʱ򣬷ҰվŻӵеģҰԺеЩʽУϵĥ־ϰ޸ģҰӳʽɫʽ֮Ҳʼ
ҰδɵҪ񵶣һʱ䣬ҰϰĻʽԵ˸˽⡣
ʱ֣ҰŴĴ˳ؼС
صеʱ򣬷ҰϵĺѾɣȻϿŬεЦЦ
֪Ұľǿѩ콾ˣҰԼҪӵϸ쳣ƴ
һ˵⵹ҲǸ¶ֻи㹻ŬܹõӦĻر
ĵѯʵСҰ˸ʲô
񵶣ҰЦŻӦ
񵶣£̲סڵؽ׸߼似ʵҪ󼫸ߣ㻹δͻƵʦ磬ðȻֵ»𡣡
£Ҫؽ׸߼似Ȼڵľˣòʧ
ֻǷҰˮϡ͹ҺˮȣļͶȱʦҲ˿ŸôĴ󵨵񵶡
ϵĹģҰЦİɣҲһʼͽӴ񵶵ģϰмصĻʽȵЩʽϤ֮󣬹Ҳͨʱȥ񵶡
οĵͷԼˣԻʽյԽ죬ԺʱܸӳҲ󣡡
Ұ΢΢ͷԼаţڼгԹ緹֮󣬲δٴǰãת˻ɽһǰװҩĵİ
ڻɽ߹հ֮󣬷ҰһɵĵǰǷǨ㵽ɽ֮ҩڣϵġҩáֹƮݡ
⴦ҩһڵڣȻͷɽҩǿ̫ˣ滹ʮƫÿһƫһ¯¯·ͨʱһ𾧵߶ЧҪõĶࡣ
ųţҰԶԶͿԺҩķķģһĴš
̧ͷǷҰȻһЦɣˣôʱ
ҰһƻֺĵãЦҩòҽΪʦЩƷҩǷƳˡ
ӿֳһĨЦҡͷ̾ϢŵүүҪоǰһΣ׶ʧˡڣƫأƷҩ˿ãΪ˷ֹܵţүүҶϳˣţҪκ˿
ҰΪȻĵھҪȷǳ̣ƷҩӲʧʦôҲ޿ɺǡ
Ŵ۾ķ˷ҰİЦ㱳մҩİɣǲ׼¯ˣ
ҰͷЦǵģ׼ˣܷƳһƷҩˣ
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ҰȵŴͣһʮΰԼĲҲֻʮεӣշ㣬Щ궼һƵĳ
䣡
һըһƫдȻҰͿŻͷĴƫгˣͷҳѣ·մ˻ҽӵź
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ЦЦŷţǳЦүүûǴĻϴʧܵʱҲô˵İɣ
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ҰЦҪ̫ˣοƷҩҲŴʦ´һԳɹ
СֹֻʣһöϵˣҪʧһΣҪȥѰĻϵˡ
ɫҲһЩüͷ˼һ̫ˣҪúõˣȵҵ״̬ﵽѣٳɡ
ҰͷгۣʱϢǺбҪġ
СӣǴİɣĨһѣȥֻҽԵøˣһԾ۾ŷҰ
Ұʼ磬İʱҽҪ볢
ɻŷҰʦأûʦߣҲ뽫ҩƳɹ
Ұҡͷ˼βģͲ֪ȥĶȥˡ
ԸµĵǻɣȻ߼ҩƲǵͼҩЩĵõġ
ҰӿֳһĨЦ⣬ʦʵҾ鷳ġ⿿Լʲôŵ
ڷŵͬ£ҰԱߵһƫ֮УĽҩõĴŹر֮ҲںƫУ뿴Ұ
Ұ߽˲䱻ɫĵ¯סˡ
һһҵĵ¯Щڶͣͨʻɫ·ɢŵӫ⣬·иƴСͨڣϡɼһ𾧡
¯ϵһ޵ͷ­и׺СףǷҩĵģСɢȵĹЧ
տʼҰԵ¯Ҫ󲢲ߣ򿪰ƻĲһһѡһߡ
׼֮󣬷Ұһߵ¯ǰƻҩԺйһ֮˫·ͨڴ׼ʼ


80 ţ
Ұ΢гһɺдͨڽ뵽¯У¯һȦ¯׵Ļ˲һܵĻ档
Ұɫһճʶ˵Ҫȴﵽʦ֮󣬲ܹ档
ȻҰԴ߷棬Ҳ΢΢ЩԾ
ܵ˫֮ŵͨڴҰ΢Ŀת¯еĻС
͵Ŀ˷ҰһۣĵҪƿػ򣬾ҪȽ뵽¯֮Уſƻ档ҲҪ֧ŵģڵΪϰϰҩӦû⣬ҪʼֻܵͻƵʦС
Ұ΢΢˵ͷҩݾȫ¡·ҪһһߣҪһһڳԣҰҲּɵˡ
£ҰĬƵӡӴľ͸˫뵽¯Уʼ¯еĻ湵ͨ
Ұľ뵽еʱ򣬲δоȣǻչƵģһָоĿŻı仯
һ˼Ұ׹Ϊ¯ڵĻڵȼԵʣ·һƵģʹָ
ҰɫһϲŲٿ¯ڵĻǿȡ

¯еĻ˲ϸߣ¯ǸҩĵĿ׶д˳
Ұæüëˣ¶һĨεɫ
ŵĵҪļϤԣٳſŻ¶ȡС״ȵȣΨƿغ˻棬ܹƿغû򡣡
Ұ֣صĵ˵ͷ˫ĿĶ¯еĻ棬ĬƵӡУʼŻԡ
֪ǲǴŻ㱼ӷҰпһĨɫĹ⻪ת˲š
ڷҰԺУٴθֳһɫ˿ߣ˿߻ۣΪһŻ档
״С¶ȵȣ¯еһģһ
ȻЩ仯ҰĿŻĿʼչƬ̵Ĺ򣬾ͱΪʵǸ¯Ż滹мȼա
ţٴչ۳ɵ棬۳ɼ۳ҩģ۳ӣ۳ɴĶ
ûãƫݻ˳
Ұֵ𾪣棬ô
ڻչʱݻĴҵĲ˼£Ȼɢ˿ֻΪ˿ߣ£ʧڷҰԺС
Ұһ˸Ĺ
ղԺǻݻ̣ȫϰԻƿ
Ұһֲ룬ղŻݻѾɢҪΪΪơ
Ϊ㹻ԻĿ㹻ǿĻݻҩãɽɽ磡
Ժлݻ켣൱ڸҰָһԻƿĹ
ҰԾԾԵ¯еĻ棬뵽̸һǧﵤ΢΢˸ͨƣʼſƻı仯
һǧĵ֮󣬷Ұо¯ڵĻӵˣƣ¯еĻ潥С¯зݡ
ҰƵӡ־طĸּ˻ݻ켣Ƕһǧĵƿ¯еĻ棬ԽԽ
ȻԻݻ˸룬ҰҲһڳԳɸӣտʼӴ棬Ҳֻܴӻ
Ұ¯еĻ淭һĿŻΪɣһ¶ȼߣһ¶ȼ͡
ҰΪɣźͷĵж¶һĨȣҰԻƿصٶ֮죬ƽ
Ұ۾¯УֻĴ¯ϳ˿ȥ¯еɻ£ֱóЩ
Ұ־΢䣬¯ڵɻ濪ʼ״˴ֲӴ÷үĵɴ۾ŵŴ͡
ڷҰĿ£ɻںһ𣬷˼£ӻðһɵĳƻãճ;ͱȥٴλΪ档
ſĶʯˣ佫ĸ֣ܹôʲô
ǣҰǵһνӴ氡һΰղŻüë˼ѾƵ־磬ôͣ˵ˣû˵
°ԻɣҰСӣѵǻת츳ֱˣ
ʱԺУĸָռˣţ
Ұû˼עⷽүȵо¯еĻƿصĲʱץһ굤ݣ¯ϵĿ׶ж˽ȥ
ȻҰԻĿѾǿˣǲݵ۵㣬ݸն¯Уͱĸ¸ճ˻ҽ
Ұǳ鴤£ҽͨȡɫҲ΢΢
ѹʦô٣Ǹֲϵ۵һѵһˡ
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շҩݣҰᵽˣ治һܹɵ˵İ
ҰҴ⣬ľȫ۷״̬һ굤ݶ˽ȥ
⣬굤ܻ֭ʱٴλΪҽ
¶һ˿Ц⣬տʼеľʱջʮ굤ݣЩţҰȫ֮С
ȵջʮ굤ݵʱ򣬷Ұ˿ûм٣ӷԽԽڵݵ¶⣬Ѿˡ
ԭҪҩݵۻ̶ȶϸı¶ȲСҰһֲиĽһ굤ݶ¯С
굤ڻиûãͿʼÿݻƣҰʱŻ¶ȣݽڻһŰɫҺ壬ڻз
Ұ¯еҺ壬ͷεĺ֪Ӵľά¶ϡ
ʱƣɫҺпʼһźɫʣںɫԵ쳣ۡ
Ұַ΢΢£¯еĻ˸źɫʴӰɫҺз˳ִͨд˳ȥ
ҰҴ⣬ӴľרάŻ¶ȣأİɫҺ˼κɫʣҰַ˳
ȵ¯еİɫҺҲ޷ɢɫʣɫҺҲֻʣԭһ벻ɢһɹɵĹ⻪ɫƵġ
Ұ¶һĨЦ⣬ַٱ䣬¯еƺ۵һȻӸǰɫҺˢһ´¯г˳
Ұץ˸ƿۼֿĽΰɫҺ뵽ƿС
ҩеľɹˣŵŷҰʱ˷ѵĲϣǷҰ
СӣѹҪΪͽ츳ʦˣŲϵҲ𾪡
ҰǹճһĻȣѾҩݵľĵһԶˣ


81 ͨ
ƫ֮УҰ۾¯зĻ棬ͷϴδεĺ䣬־ٵıţ¯еΪҺ壬ٵյƿС
Ѿʱˣջ˰ҩ֮󣬷ҰڽƻҪв϶֭Һ뵽ƿС
һУҰڵҲĴҵҡ£ûڵϣбԱߵļϣڵĴϢţС
ҰžҵţǿڵĲʣҲܷүվһߣϥһߣ˫ְڳƹӡ
Ұڵʣ޼бÿտ䣬տʼתƹ͸егһĴʹС
Ұ˫գ̰¶һĨ㣬ҧأĬĬתڽеһ˿˳žƵĹ·תתٶԽԽ죬׳󣬾еִʹҲɢ
ſ̿ķҰ͵ĵ˵ͷʱȻʹ࣬ЧҲãҰܹʱԥѡ˼͵ӣ벻ͷѣ
˵ţŵĴӷɨ
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˰ʱҰŴ˫ۣ˿ڵѾָ߰˳ɡ
ңһָоڵ֮ղţӵľЩӵľˣҰٸиղܵĿ۶ûܣﳬֵ
ԭĹ֮ٲľȻôҰͷһڴĿٴ¯С
Ȼ¯ᴿҩݵľֿۣҰȴں
ȫĵܹɣܹᴿڵٿۣҲģ
ڽ߰УҰķǳйɣʱ䶼ϰĻʽҩᴿҩеľ˵ÿ춼۵ĸƵģȻ
УҰϴ챦̻᷻ƻĲϣѾȫҰĸɾȫһƿƿҩݾƫ֮С
÷Ұеοǣ߰УڵѾᴿһּ侫ĵزȹߴԲ֮Ҫ˶ãͿԳˡ
º󣬷Ұҩõƫ֮ҩݾȻӵ⴫һϲĴɹˣڳɹˣƳƷҩˣ
Ұͷϣ¯еĽҶ˲䱻ճɻҽҰεЦЦ¯еĻ棬ƫ˳ȥԼҲ˷ܵĹ
ӦƳ;ȹ̵֮һһöġ
ңżȻƳԺҪƳɹʽö࣡Ժ󷽼ӵܣͻĻὫö࣬ζŷҽиʦ
Ұһ۾Ϳ˷ǰ͸ƿеĻɫҩҩźȻֵƣ÷ҰҲ΢΢ЩЦ򷽲ŹֵϲϲʦΪƷʦ
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85 ˭˭
ڳĽгУҰȫ˴𾪣ֵͷܶ˼ˣĶĤһʹ
ֲ󲿷ֶ׳˶Ĵ󺺣϶ɢһɷϢЩǳ޲ɱմȾϢһȺѪĺӡ
˵ǶЧСǶмӳɵĴ裬
Сڣ˵ڹؼʱǶһǴ裬ڶʱĸǿȣɱ޵ĻҲӵĴڲɶõҩ
ңЩҩļ۸ǵĳܷΧ֮ڣȻܻӭˡ
ͽ𵤣ɲЩСɫܹѵģǶרΪϰ弶׼ģۣϰ嶼Ĵϰ嶼͵͵ǲ˻
Ƭֵȫˮйͨ˲ǣСеֵϣȴ쳣壬ſȸ
𱬵ĽֵǷҵĵڣ
ĽֵǴѹҵЩ߼ĵڣһԱȣȫˡ
ҰһĨ޵΢ЦΣĶɹѹأңƶ˴󲿷ֵ
ֵҩЧҵҪʿ˲һ£ΧϵĸҩĶ˸ɾѵƳĵҩȥ̳ۡ
óȥʱ򣬻ûж˹򣬲߼˶ֻԶԶΪǲͶҽ֧Ų˶ˡ
֪ڶһ磬ҵĵǰˣ˺Ļ𱬳ŪЩҩֱӦŷҵⶼ
ԭСĵ̣Ͼûʲôˣ޴Ƕǳ˸ѻƵģɫ쳣ѿ
Ұүڷ߰죬Ƴöҩ֧ŷҺܳһʱˣϾܳ
ңѾΪƷʦķţ챦̻ĸ˻裬˽ڵĲϹӦϷҵԭ϶Уңû˺֮ǡ
ҰһȦҲ֪ӺʱǸоڸƵģҰβĻͷȴûзκ
ҰŲܻԵ޹ʵָоģκ鶼Ѩ磬Ұϲɫа˾衣
ӳ֮߳󣬷Ұźۼɨһӵ˳⣬ʧСŨܵĴС
ڷҰʧ󲻾ãСڴæĴܳ˼ӰɢС⣬ŷҰʧĵطš
иͷĿɨһȦüͷмλĴ󺺵磬Сӽ뵽ɽˣô죿
һжԤУҪȳһĿܵĴɨһȦӻͳһֻɫķֽСͲУڷȲַŷ˳ȥ
Զ̴󺺵¶һ˿ЦݣɭȻĵҪţѾ֪ͨϴ׼ãСӵıؾ֮·ϡεСΣһ궼óˣǧܳκβ߰ɣҲȥϴһ֮
ͺһһȺ˶ýĴɽĴС
˿δע⵽һֻͨ඾ּ
ڲԶһɽϡҰת˳ﱧŵֻһֻ඾䣬ǻ顣
ĽͣҰСЩ˵Ҳ˸ŵ˽⣬ִӷϽǸֽɨȥһСӳУĿѶ׼Ͼ
Ұ˸ΣյĹǷһ˿ĮЦݣְֽڷϣַŷɡ
ϴôŷˣ˫ᣬڷҰԺ
ҰѸٷԶķѪ촽ɱȻĵû´Ļ˵֪ЩҩǳҵУ׼ҶˣųȥǲݾߣǸŵǰȥ飬඾ֻҪû˭ҪһѶˣ
˷ܵ³򣬱ָ
ԴӷҰʦ֮󣬻Ҳõ˼ֻҪ仯Ǹ壬൱ķƵģҪټͨ඾䣬ܹΧϢ֪
ջָҰһƵģٵĳ˹ȥ
鲻ָŷҰ任ŷλʼ׺ǵ棬ֱܹ˵;µ׮
ʱ󣬻˷ܵڷҰԺ𣺡ϴǾǰϿС
ǲûյ̣ǵʵֲҰҲӹһ˿ѪĹ
Ƭ̣Ͳ˸һϢһ˿©ĸ˷Ұ
ʮ˸ˣֻһ佫ֻǸ佫ڵˣҰ΢΢˿γֵĻ߼ˣΪߵֻǸ佫ڵˣЩ⡣
ΪֻǸͻƵʦĲɣ
ҰЦһеɻ׳⣬˭ѾԷ̣
ҰҲʱ䣬ԶƵӡסԼϢĬ˾ƹһӰƵĿٳǰĵط
ǰǴϢϿУʮڴУÿ϶͸һɷϢǵѪеϢǿϢϿе˻
ûã˿ٵ뵽ϿУзһĿڣһ̡
䣬Ͽȵһ±Ҳһһ̡
¶һ˿Ц⣬˻˻֣Ÿղĵط˹ȥ
ýԳƵ±Ƭ̾û±ϵС
̣ϢѾյôûһӥǵ꺺ѹѯʣȻȻĴһֳָ˵ƣȻ˾ǵͷ
ϵİ̺۶£Ǹ磬ǳ·ģС֮ǰͳⷽˣҲ쵽ˡ
ΪǸǸ󺺳һһ˹˹֣٣ϾҪѪˣҪҪһܣȻŵˣȻСӵͷϣ
ǸŻˣЦһֵڣһʲôĵģҾսɣ˳㿴Ƿ³ĲʦǺηʥ
ǵ˵ͷԼǸʵ佫СֻǸսʦСԳȻֵ
֪ԷֻǸʦӻҪģǵе̴ػ˵ԣȴĵ
һλŵʦһſʯ˫۵ɵԲĶϿȿڵķ΢΢ƴ
ɽоĿ£ХɽԶ޵˻ԵøλʦĻͷ£һֻֿٵס͡
ۣ
һɢźĺɫذ׻𱬵ӱذϱ˲ݻĴԡ
λʦֻü죬һ仰û˵ǳűƣſʯ󷽣Ѫذ׵ĺסѪζƮɢ
ҰһƬĮû˵ʬһۣٵĳһ˿
ѡ·˳ֵģֵʱҲ׼ɱ֮˲ľԹذϵĺ⣬ס˵Ѫһʱ֮䣬ҲᱻŵѪζ
ۣ
һ΢ɼ죬ǡñɽһ޺ڸȥɫذ״һʦģ񱩵ʦȥ
ۣ
һ˱ɾɱҰ˫Įޱȣ·һոƵģһ̣±ڼζ
ۡ
Ǹ˻һƵӡڸϢ£Ұɱˡ
±ϵձ鶼ʦ磬Ǵ·򣬷Ұδ¶˿š
Ұ±ڵһ˸ȥʱɽķȻıˣҰ±ڱ·һӾͱϷ
ɫذ׸ҰڵԲͨѪҲڻ˿ŨѪζɽƮ档

淢һһ̵ɽһļž
ȻɽǸʣ˾˳ˣǸ磬ֵǣȫˣ

ХʦתͷͼһĻɫնûüӦһȾѪͷ­ͺ˳ȥ


86 Ӱ
ӣĸ˵ɽ´ǴֱĴ
ߵɽһļž
µŶ棬ɵĵǸ磬ôŨѪζӵȻֵֹܣȫˡ
ǾɲŶ棬ڴɱľܿͷӦ˹ԸеڰУ̣٣ֵܱʣ׼Ӧս
վԱ߲Զλܴ٣ɫҲţǰǲеðʧˣ
Զ޺𣬽ɽХŵȫٴаܣȴаӰ
ʱŵ˶ѹֵȾŶ洫ŨѪζҳ˵Ķͷ϶͸һεκ飬ҲҲã³Ųúʱ˸ɵˡ
ǵȫڰеĵ˿ûע⵽ǲֵľϣһɫ䣬ٵ䶯ţγɸΧȦǶΧڡ
ĵ˲£֪ȥԼ˳ԾһڣĿɨ˷ȵǺη͵Ϯɸһı㣬ʲôӢۺú
ܻ쵽ڣҲһӶûУ£ϵ¶ΣΪҪڰе
Ұˢһ³һϣǸʮɿϿһϮɽ죬ǵδɺԵѪ䣬ĮҲ˵Ӣۺúôڵȷĳڣĳˣͷ­ڴˣб¾ȥ
ԭ㣡ǣɱǵ͸һɿµĹâһӣ׼ȥɽ½ɱҰ
ʱĶϴһͳ̧ܵȥʱŵûɢʧ඾Ⱥ
ˡ
ڷǻڵʱͷһɢĵĶƶٵĳŵ˳ɱ˹
գƶ壬ΪһֻֻȭͷС඾䣬·ĵĹŵˡ

ʱɽҾ徵ҽһŵĳԱصĻǰĳŧѪ
ԴӷҰ׵ʦ֮󣬻Ҳõ˼Ѿܹƴ󲿷ʦ඾䣬ϧΧﵽʦ඾䲢ֻ࣬мʮֻӣʣµĴ󲿷ֶԼһЩͨĶ䡣
ǣ඾ͼСķҲ̫̺綾ŵֵܹסģȫһ浹Ƭ̣ŵ˾͵߸ֻʣ˻ڻеš
ΨλӦɣг䣬͸һĻ棬õ඾䲻ҿ
վԶĵҲڿ֧ţɫ԰ףţۿҲֲ˶ˡ
λ̻ܴҲ¶һ˿־壬ŷȵǣ㲻Ǵúɱ͵ڽ鷳αظЩ඾һȺ
ǵ͸Ƭ潫඾ȺˣˢһתͷײеĿֱܴϣĵܵģĸӱ죡㵱û˵ܹ඾ȺŵֵܶǱ㺦ģ
λܴɫ˼£ųһŻ棬ȵڲжεʱסЩ඾Ĺа취ҳҰķλɱ
һ飬ҽӰٴεڵϳ鴤ֻʣ·ǡ̺λܴ١
ɫӶеĳԲɵķΧȫڣȵ󷽽ҴбʹٺȥǶ군
ŷס󲿷඾ʱܴһ࣬˫ֿٵ˸־üĴƤҵ˼£Ĵɨ
Ұվڶ±ϹۿȻһ־ףԴźһ
ͣ
һƿűǼӹÿ죬һ¾;Դ̵ͷ­С
ֹӰΣͲ֪Ӻδ÷ҰһֺϤĸо
ֹ÷Ұеֵļ֣˲֮ģȫעĶŶ档
͸ʢ֦ҶҰԼλܴٵüֹ˫һɫĹԣɫ
뵽ղϤĸоҰԺ˲һͷ๥
Ҳ˵ֹֻоǿ˲ֹܹ˷ʤ
򴫳еڣ似Ѿֳٻŵľ棬屾йأҲйأеĹרģе似ҲרΪ׼ģȫĪ⡣
ΪǿϡٵԵʣ뾫йصĹ似ϡ٣ѰŪ
嶼ûκһ뾫йصĹ似ȡһڵ๦似Ҳûҵκ뾫йصĹ似
ڵƵӡֻһĹþȴû漰
Ȼ־๥Ҳ÷Ұ֪Ӧԣ˿ڲٿ඾ȺҲϾ˼ֻԼˡ
Ժ֮أӰεĹûҰ˼ĶƵӡռнɫľӿռͨ۳һصľݣӦԵ׼
Ͳ֪κ뾫йص似ֻһЩ򵥵ı仯ѹ۵һ𣬵üǰ
ͣ
һϸСƿǰ𣬷ҰĿŤһϸ͸ϸ룬ֻͷ˿ϸȫ͸ŤͿ
ôľ뱬ҰֻüԴƫƫ֪Ǹ͸ϸʶƵģŷҰĶı˹켣

ǸϸڷҰüϣһö·˽ϡ
Ұŷ͸ϸ룬Ȼɾ۶ɣ״Ե棬ӲĽҰǺصľݴ̴˴룬ɢȥ
ϸǿҲҰײһͣٵĶ
Ӱˣ棬ܴپϲĴУʱɫ԰һƬţ
ʮɵϿȷӰ룬һΣľҲĵ߰˰ˣ۵Ľˡ
Ұһ󷽣µŶ棬ľԶˣղһ¾ܹޣ
Ұ۾λѵܴ٣λܴѾٴη¶һ˿ĮЦݣһŰԱ߸ʬµĳߵķҲϿи߸Ծ
ڷҰȥƽʱǱλεĳǡóŵ£Ұżڵϵ£ббɽУҰҲչһĿʮɿϿȣĻǵ׹·ʵǿķ£


87 ȸں
඾ȺҪΧɱ£ڵԪҲĵ߰˰ˣŵÿ񱩵Ʒаһã붼;еĳ
ﬣ
ҰȫעǵУһһǰĿƣصĿ˷Ǿĳϡ
Ǳǿ֮ĩǴæ𳤵ӭҰȴһǵͽǵĳĳһӣǿǵĳֱҽ˷ǵļѪУѪŽ
ҰƲˣǵûüıʽȭ˷ǵؿڣҵˤڵء

ʱԱߴһĲҽûͷҰ֪ǵĲҽ
ղŷס˴󲿷ֵ඾䣬ܹ֧ŵڣǱԼס඾ѸٵΧת۾ͽصĻǰҺȫҽҲСȥ
λܴټ״ϳ˾ɫŷҰǣסʱٳɽ¿ȥ˳ӻͳƿƿеĵҩС
ڵϣҪվҰȵ
΢΢£ദһƵıըһѪͭӲʵĶŷҰ˼£ᵹڵء
ⱲûٸһЩɱ˷Ż飬ȴһСУĿ
ҰɲĿˢһ³һɫذף͸ɭɭ⣬ɫĮĶܴٷɱӰذֶ
ۣ
ذλܴٵ䣬ܴٲҽһһӵغ«ƵĴӲ̫±Ϲȥ
ȻȲذףܴȻ֧ǰȥ
Ȼܴͣסˣǰһ˫ֲЬ
ܴٺȻ̧ͷͼҰɫĮȻվǰĮûκеĻǵڵѪζ˱ǡ
ܴһҰڿһƵġ
Ұδ֣ܴȼ˿˿ϣ֮˵ȣ˿ĳҰȥһ߿ͷһ߿ధ֣ⶼǷǵ⣬ûϵҪʲôҶ㣬Ͱҵһƨ˰ɣ
ҰĮӿֳһĨģĵղʹõľ๥似ҿԸʹ죡
ܴǱסһƵģ¶һ˿ǫЦݣ΢ƽ飬ͼվ֣ǵؽ׳似Ӱ룬ܼҵĲ֮ءȻǾͺðˣңҸӰ似ᡣ
ҰǵѹܴٵļϣѹֹȥĮĵڱָʹŵ˸ҳ֡ȻҶҳ֣ǰӦ뵽˽յĺûʸּۻֻۣ
֣Ҳôǵ⣬ҵĴ֪ˣ蹷㱻蹷ҧˣܲҧȥɣܴٿధţлЩҵ롣
ԭܴپȻҲǸʦ
Ұ΢΢Щȣ뵽ܴٸղŵľ๥ͻˣʦ˵ľûôǿ
ͷһҰ˿ܴٵİ³һۣһ
֣үڣؽ׳ľ๥似ɲ׵õӰķϣͷһɣܴϲ˾ţԴɽʯϿĵֱ졣
Ұɫ䣬͸һɭȻɱ⣬еĻǵܴٲϻһѪۡ
ҰɱңԶòӰܴ˻ߵĴг˷
ҰĮĺлǵתˢһ½ܴٵѪҪǮӿ˳
ܼҵĴүɱңܼҶŹģܴҵĴУŷҰĿгԹ
ۣ
ǵٶܴٵұҲն
Ұˢһ¿ܴ٣ҰԵӽܴٵ˫ۣĵ˵ܼҵĴүҴҵ⣬ӣҲɱ
˫дľ޴ʹ̼񾭣ֱҰĻסܴٲҺһֱӻ˹ȥ
Ұܴ̽ٵĻƬֻ̣һЩ龧װƿеġԼһЩδӰᡣ
ҲԣֻܴǸ߼ܼҵСӰܼҵĲ֮أôܻЯ
ҰЩź̾˿˫ĮŵѪеܴ٣ĻӶеĻǵܴϻٵѪۡ
ܵʹԵܴٲҺһ˹Լ˫ѶϣѾ׳˷ˣЪ˹˻Ұ͸Ҹʹ죡
似ģҰΪ
ܴٻδܹʹѪۣ˻Ӱ似Ӳ壬ò㣬ɱҰɣ㣡
ҰĮҡͷҸᣬ˵Ѿ̫ˣһʹ඾仹ûȱѪأܰɣ
ˡ
඾䳯ܴӿ˹ȥܴȫȫ඾ǣܴǾֵӶȺдҰħ㲻ú
ҧʹͲֵܴܹסģһʱˣһԽֻԽԽ
ܴٿҵʱ򣬻ֻ඾˷ҰϣԺ𣺡ϴа취õӰ似
Ұ΢΢һӿֳһĨϲɫæʵʲô취
ɵֶЩҪȵϰ似˽δʱƵӡСӡǵλüģ񶦵Ĭ似֣Ϳֱӽ似йصļˡ
δڵǲˡҰŨü΢ϲɫû඾ܴϳ롣
ʱܴ٣ֻгûнˣʶجج˶ãͻˡ
ҰܴٵüģĬƵӡĬӰ֣͸еһӴϢ뵽ԺУӰйصļ䶼˳
ϴ̫ˣҪȥϢˡĺһչɵ˷ҰұУ֪ʧڷҰС
Ӵ඾ȺȻȻĽˣԷߡ
Ұ˦˦Դ˻һ䡣
ӴϢ÷ҰҲ޷һӿ꣬ҲûʱԺеӴϢֶ򣬽ٵʬ˸ɾ
ҰųԱмֵĶѹһһʬȫջ٣ʬ𼣡
̫󣬷Ұ´һȦƿռ֮С
ʱҰĺëһȫܵһּΣյĸоָоһ˲䣬ʧӰ١
ҰŻǵĿɨܣɲָоƾղġ
ѵ˷ʹƿռˣ
Ƭ֮ϿȿڵλãһͷɴСĽɫʨһĥ̴Сӷɵ⣬ȴͫƽʨ
Ұ΢΢˿Цӭȥһôҵˣ
ͫƽʨ͸һ˿ԻЦ⣬ŷҰĵͺһҡͷβ
Ұ׹ʨ֪ڷԼʨԼڼʳòԶ͸˹
Ұʨǳĸм˼лЩĶҰո֪ʨԼҪȥϢ
ʨȻܿԣҲͨ飬ͫ͸һ˿ᡣ
Ҫȥ紳һģǷңҪ鷳տ¡Ұḧʨë֣ص˵ԼҪ
ͫƽʨ֣صĵ˵ͷŷҰϿһ˳ȥ
뿪󲻾ãһ±ðӰЦŷҰȥķЩ˷ܵ벻㾹Ȼпռı֪ܼͨҵģڿǲռıɲܱܼңɽͫƽʨڣǲ֣㾹ȻҪߣ̤ɽ֮գ֮ʱ
ҰĻϳ˾ʧٵλһ


88 Ƴɣ
ͫƽʨδϻɽھɽʮ⣬뷽Ұֱʧɽ
Ұһ˷ػɽϣҵ˾ڴɱϻٵĶһЩɷҰϵѪδ̫ע⡣
󣬷ҰľͻصԼķУĬƵӡʼŴλܴԺгӰйصļ䡣
ϵŬҰڽӰ޹صļȫ޳Ӱ似
Ұˢһ΢΢Щ԰ףΨ˸տտ⣬˷ܣؼаӰ似˿ѪսһɣӰ似ȷʵж֮๥似Ȼ鴫
зҰṩǼֵҳװƣɹΧվ˽Ÿ졣
ھͫƽʨæտ壬Ұȫû˺֮ǣȵõȹ̵뿪ʱˡ
ɽͫƽʨĵ̣ɽеҲͫƽʨ뷽ҰĽڻɽҰϲʲôΣա
ڻɽ磬ҰҲʲôģԼᾭʲô顣
ô˵ڵĵطͻˣҰһֱΪ׼ܵԼսԼһЩƣܴݵԸ澳ԼĴʡ
ڶһ磬ҰУĬƵӡȫ˼Ӱ似ϡ
Ӱ룬ؽ׳似
ӰϢԺҰٵⲢţȫ˽ȥ
ʱƣҰԺٴӿֳ˿ߣصĹ켣У쳣
Ұͼֲˣûã˿߽ʧһŹֵĻڷҰԺС
εľӿȣƵһεľٵĻ۳һӰɫϸ룬ϸΧճЩŤļ󣬸Ͳϸ̬
Ӱ͸һĨĺâмӹǿƵĽƬմ˸ͨ͸
Ӱֻ̬ΪǼص˿ߣµĹ켣Ƭ̣ʧ
ղŸֳĹŹֻ棬÷ҰӰݻ켣ָơ
֪ôһ£Լһ¡
ȻҰ֪Ӱݻ켣ҪóҪԼڼС
Ұʶٴαصʵһ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬Ȼ⾫๥似ΪȤ
Ӱݻ켣ٴδԺйһ֮󣬷ҰĬƵӡ
֮󣬷Ұüľҵ£εľȻĴռгڷҰĿ£ٸıĲƵʡ
ҰƵӡľǿޱȣԺģӰݻ켣似˵Ƿǳɡ
ŷҰĿƣҲӿһĨɫĹ⻪εľʼЩ仯ǰ۳һ͸ĳ룬Լ̣߳ԼСĴָϸĺبС
ɾ۳ĳ쳣أûκɫΨнſռŤܿ壬⴦͸һĨĺâļ¡
ֻǣЩã̫ǿǻƵģʵ塣
һڳνӴ似ǹ嶼۲ҰһֵزҲǷǳѵˣȵ֮󣬱Ȼںõöࡣ
ǰŵӰ룬Ұ΢΢ҡҡͷλܴʱӰԼг̣ӵҲǿ
Ӱ似ϵļأԽ̣ҲԽǿҲӵĳ䲻⣬Ӱ볤磬廨뻹ҪӵϸСؽױܹ
Ұ۳ĳ룬͸ƵģɱǳޣҪǿҪϵѹϵ۾ọ́ɱҲ
ҰȵѹĲѹ֮󣬾ͽɢۣԺеݻ켣ָҰٵϤӰ似Ӱ彥̲ʵǽһǳһס
Ұʳȵɫŷ˶ӰʱѾܹӰѹ̣ϸǩ
ٶȣܼҵ˵֪û˻ţͱλܴ٣ܼҲǷǳõˣҲ꣬ŽӰѹ̵ġ
ȻҰľǿֿӰݻ켣ܹӰ似Ҳʲô˵顣
ڽļУҰÿ춼Уʱ䶼ϤӰ似
ʱ䣬ҰͽӰѹ˰̣߳ϸ緢˿ϸĻͿӰı壬ܹ׵Ĵʯɱˡ
Ұֳѹ죬Ӱֻѹ̣߳޷ٴѹҰ²Ϊйأֻýصϡ
ӵ𣬷ҰÿӵΣδ̰ðǽʽһһķ
ֻʱ䣬Ұڽʽ¯࣬Ϥľ磬ÿһ֣ܹӳʮɵȷ˷һ˿
Ұſʼо񵶵ĸעصһֵƣһһǰİҵơ
񵶲޾ֻ֣֮еԼһЩķɣܹ˸õơ
񵶵СؼơǿɷӳĻ꣬ɽֲӲ
νƣԴĶ֮Ƹ֮Ƴɽ֮ΡͦΣ֮ɰٴ
ǵָ֮ʲô
ÿ˶ԵƵⶼͬееİԵеƮеĿ񱩣һ㡣
Ұĳ˼֮УʲôʺԼĵƣ
ҰԺٴθֳ񵶵ݻ켣£âէ֣񵶿ȳԺһһ
񱩣ңһǰ޵УҰеĹ⻪ԽԽ֪У͸һɰƣǰǧɽΨһ֮
ʱҰ˾һεĳĵѪڣж·˸˿˿âˡ
Ұˢһ³ĻǵԪ뵶鲼ѪɫĻ棬飬Ϯˡ
ѪնɽӣҰһ˫ֽջǵ£һȻ͸·ǰһɽһҲܹ֮Ƶġ
ŭڣ죬ҰӶĻǵŭ˰ǰնһһХƷĻꡣ
ھҰʱշתŲʱתʱǰ̽ã裬âּХ鶯쳣
񵶣ؼڵƣҪɵƣؼǡ
Ұҷνǵ죬¸Уֿ񵶵Դ켣׾ͨ˵ƣҲ൱񵶵ľ衣
񵶵ʽֻʩչУʣµУȻҲ֪ôУϧΪڻʩչ
г۰ԵĵҲսһأ
ҰϤǧҶֺױǧҶ֣ѾȫգױҲﵽ˵ڶ㾳磬İҲһܹܵġ
һգҰմгͼ˵ȺеķģŸƿƿϿżС֣ȹ̵


89 
õĴ֮УҰֽӹ׹İƿƿǣŵһƢҩ㣬·ë׶˿̩ͨ
лˣ˳ллүүҰϹһĨЦڵ͸˿˿˷ܵĹ
ȻһЦϼ·ɫ촽ҰؿүүӦģȻʳԡ
ҰĦƿƬ̣ŷЦˣȥŰݷá
˵ͷŷҰҲ֪˵Щʲôá
ҰͷԶõеȫĽǶѾ֪ȥǴСеĶǳ֮вɵð̾һ԰
ǸоʱղԣҰεӣһ飬Ȼȥˡ
ţҲҪȥˡɲ뷽Ұ
Ұ˵ͷܹĵĿ⣬תȥ
ʱ򣬷Ұûʱģ˾ȹ̵Ҳڿȸˣ
ȸǿǴ˵е컯֮һɻϵıԴ۶ɣ˵ƭ˵ġ
ҫȸ֮һܹõ߾ʦƣֳȸӡǻסȫҪǶ񶦵ҰƲǷ
ȫȸЧԻϵǿ
ڶһ磬ҰͲݲݳԹ緹˳»ɽѩܷܷǸ˹ȥ
Ѿ׵ʦľ磬ƾԼȸ鷳ϵˣֻҲҪҩĸ
ȻҸĵطѶȽСöࡣ
ң黹ȸʱ򣬶е󣬷Ұ˼ȥֻǴˮĺףˡ
־ʱİ棬ҰǴ峺ĺϣֳһĨ׷ɫܿûȥ»ָ˵Ȼݡ
Ԫȫһ˺ˮ֮УǱˮ½ѾͻƵʦ磬豧ŴʯͷҲֿܹסˮеĸʱ͵Ǵڡ
һ͸磬ҰٴγǸ˪ƵĶ֮С
к쳣ԴӺ˪Ӱȡ֮󣬶Ѩе¶ҲһЩȻϲϺ˪ӰڵʱҲǻɽָĺ֮ˣȸ㹻ˡ
ȸİԵҰĺܣҪȸɲ˿Ĵ⣬һСľͻᱻճޣδʼҰȰѻٻ˳
ʱĻ黯ΪһɫţڷҰԶĵϴﻹֱͣȥǱ˪ӰڵĿռɡ
Ұصĵ˵ͷԪסȫųǵĺ䣬˳Ų˪ƵͨǰС
ĺɲС㷽ҰԪ壬ȵٴν뺮˪ӰڵĿռ֮ҲеЩľ·ѪҺòƵġ
ǰֱصĳҰ뵽˺˪Ӱʱĳ뵽ǸʤѩӰ͸һĨᶨɫ
ҰѰ˿ƽʯϥ棬һϤΧı¶ȣһĬĬĻָԼ״̬
ʱ󣬷Ұ״ָ̬۷״̬ˢһ˫ۣ䣬·Χ˪ƶˡ
˹ĵϴﻹжˮ
Ұʶ뵽ÿռУ̽£̾Ϣֻʣ°ˡ
ɵ²мö
Ұǰˮͻ˳üҫõöִܴõöܹǾö
Ц¹ˣǰ׼ðɣȸǳԪЩټϾȹ̵֤һʧڣʱþȹ̵ˡ
÷Ұж˲١
Ұ˵ͷһǸƿУƿǣһöɵĵҩҩźȻƣɢ˿˿Ƶ㡣
ʱķҰûʱ͵ҩǷĿֶ
ҩڼΪһº͵ӺһֱڣڷҰĿ£Ѹٵ͸ȫ֮Уȫϲһɵ֣ɢŲ
ʱѵˣڿȸˣҪ̷ֻ
ҰŨü΢΢£óöȸֻмСΧӡһصͼɫȸһϰ裬͸һɹɿֲĸ£ϰԪڿٵš
ҰöɫĹӣϻЩԥȸ͸ɸ£ܹʯͷջ븹еĻһСģͿܻᱻճޡ
ϴȥĻȹ̵ҩЧû취ȫˡһš
ҰǷһ˿ȻֽȸУһӣȥ
ȸڵһ˲䣬ҰҵĲ£ɫˢһ±ɷס
ȸǻԷ۶ɣԵƥһڣͻΪһŻɫ棬ӿ븹С
㷽ҰԪסȫʱҲоһʹԪǿٵţľʼŤΡ
ǿڵʹҰٵתƹеԪǰŰһ档
ԪδͱճޣҰڵԪٵţϲԪҲ˲͸մ
ʱȹ̵ӿ˳÷ҰȫľӿֳһϢǿҰֿסա
ڻ鿴Ұ¶ɢһɹȵϢΧ˪ƶյĻ˿ѨжһŨİɫȫ˷ҰӰ
ҰʱĸȴܣڱɫճɵһͿྭɿŤҿоȹ̵Χĺֿľϵ޸
Ұҧֿţӹһˮˮһ·뾭УеתѸٽˮֽ˿˿ƵԪٲŷҰڵģ÷Ұ΢΢˿ڵʹҲ˲١
ûãһƻǿԶԶϣܿͽҰٲԪٴ߰˰ˡ
Ұǿڵʹһ߶ԿɢĿֲ£һͼ湵ͨȴ쳣Ŀ񱩣ͲܿƣҰƵڳײȥ
ܿ죬ʣİˮҲٵţҰ潨Щϵе˿˿ԷͬŷҰԪе·ߣ뵽Ԫ֮УıҲŷҰԪתȻڳײȴ˾ƹ·С
ȸ쳣İңȻ忪ʼС֮Ǵݿ࣬ûʲôܹ赲ס
Ұ΢ʦк߲࣬ҪͨڵľֻߵǴͨڵҪʦǴͨϸ΢ľѹϴ衣
ͨϸ΢˳߲࣬ȵྭеϸ΢ȫͨྦྷӨǽʦڡ
ȵеϸ΢ȫͨϾͽʦڡ澭еϸ΢ͨѪԪѭǰδеʢʱǽ뵽ʦԲ֮
С÷ѩͨȫͽ뵽佫磬ǷҰԼڵľȴûȫֻͨǴͨҪ
ȸԷҰ˵Ǹ£ҰзݣյĻԪԼС汾壬ྭеϸ΢ײ˹ȥ


90 ȸ
ͨʹϾȫ£İԵӹɣеʸ޷סǰĽŲһһϸ΢ͨҲڿٵСš
ֻ̫Ե÷Ұྭеϸ΢˲̶ͬȵˣҿǾȹ̵ͱˮϡ͹Һס˾޸ľȻʹ̣ҰҲҧš
ȵеϸ΢ȫͨˮҲҰĸɾ滹ʣһС룬Ұɲ˿˷ѣһеĻԹһ߿ٴγеϸ΢ȥ
ʱַĹȥҰڵǶ潥СȵϵĻҲöʱ򣬷ҰڵǶʧϸ΢ľҲȫͨ

ȸİԵҰֱʦڣ
ڷҰǶʧʱڷҰü۳һȸԡͼȸǻһ㣬ſС졣
ণ
һӺ׳쳹ɽƬˮըɸߣƾ춯ء
һУɽе޶ܵһĲͫƽʨж¶ɲɫٴɧ
Ұɲ֪ĶжԺٴθֳǾĶǵһĻƴСȸ죬оʧΪһȸεĵӡӡԺ
ȸӡ
⾹Ȼһֺ似ֲܹĸ۳һֻƴСȸӡǣ֮󣬷һУ
ȸӡ͹ԣ񵶶ȲϣֻǣԷҰҲֻܷһȸӡ
ȸӡ֮ϲҫûеõȸӡҲԣҫֲȫģδõȸӡҲ֮С
ȸӡǳ֣ҰڵĸҲڿٵĻ䣬Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬿ֲĸȫݷڷҰеУ񱩵Ҳ쳣˳뷽ҰԪȫһԪ˻ɫڱԵλûһĨ΢ɼĵɫ
ڷҰĿ£º͵Ԫھлţ뷽ҰΪһԵʣеĸȫ
ԪתҰڱŰŤεľ̰ԪеĻѵľ޸˵ļǸɿݵĹ»˻ٵ޸š
ںȸԪ󣬾еĻҰܾȥɱһֳ˳ҵĻɫ͹ǿȶøӵļ͡
Ƥ䣬ļӤļƵģõ˼ҶؼӦ̶Ҳǿֹ
ȵȫ޸ĳ̶֮󣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣз·˸ΧŨİβס
ŷҰ˫üĴȸӡҲûȥ˿κ
ϴ󣬳ɹˣ鵱˳
ҰڳǹɱըԵǵһĨЦ⣬ӵſĴЦ˳
˵һ¾ͽʣˮȫĸɾţҰõĺôȴﳬֵ
ͻƵʦڣһǿר似ǽǿȶԪƷҲһ̨ףֱ̫ˡ
Ц˰ΣҰŽֹͣ뵽ʲôĬƵӡ˾ƵĹ֮С
ʱƣҰԺٴγ˼˿ߣ˳صĹ켣ݻ
һ쳹أɫӻгǳɫɫɫΣڵĹ·߶ʼϸ΢ı仯ϸ΢ˣٶֿһء
ӰʧҰ¶侫ʵı飬Դӽʦ֮һֱûüͻƵʱͽƵĹһ̨ס
ҰֳϤǼ似ǰ˲٣ǧҶƬҶױİѾܹӳӰѹ糤ֻ̣񵶣ֻʹóʽ
÷Ұģȸӡ˫ȸӡĹ켣˸һֻ۶ɵȸ˫ּ֣Ұ΢΢һЦɿӡδʩչ
ڸոգԼҲܹӦʩչȸӡƻᳬĿֲ
ҰϹһĨЦ⣬ٻȥ־ĴӺ˳ȥ
ӺҰ͸оЩԣɽе޺֮ʧ࣬ţɽ񶼳ࡣ
ҰͷˮЦ𣺡ϴûҪС֣ȸʱһȸ쳹ɽΪ֮ݡǰ͸˵ȸĶеҿѰ˸λá
Ұ»Ȼ糿ǰƵŻɽ⣬Ѿȫ׼Ҳʱ߳ɽˡ
ؼеʱɫѾˣϵڼң˵ɽϵ峤ȥˡ
Ұ¶һĨЦӣҲû͡
Ұؼûãͻˣüͷ΢΢𣬿Ұ֮ĵСҰΪڻɽеô¶
ҰЦ˭֪أǹ·İɣĸƫƧСط
˰죬ҲûȻֻա
ﶼڣҰƬ̣ǽ˳Ҵȥɽ洳һ
һĨ죬һۣоҰôеҪʵ¸ѩĴ̼йء
ǶӵƢЩ˽ģС÷ѩһ죬÷Ұܵ˼ѹ뷽跨Լʵ
ֻǣ磬Ȼɽӵգ֪ж˳ȥջŻģָ
ŷҰˣ
ˡҰ̹Ȼϵ
¶һĨЦݣĵȻѾˣǾͷȥɣж͸ôķȫõġ봳ʹ췭ظ˾ͻɽԶļң
ȥԣһҪע⣬Ȼɽӵգ֮Ĳޣǧ򲻿ɴ⡣ǵĶš
Ұصĵ˵ͷЦİɣһչ˺Լġ
Ǿ仰û±£±¡ֻҪԼΪǶԵģûҪ̫࣬ȥɣ
ҰҪ뿪ĸϸĶţС£עնȵȣ߶Ļг˹֮顣
Ұһֱ΢ЦŽ̻壬˵ÿһ仰С
ˣҪҲǽ죬˵̫ˣСҰڼ˯ȾɡЦһֹ߶
ҰŵγȥҲʦ˼ʱżָҵкġ
Ұᵽʦ˿λصʦУҲǷĲ١
ʲôʱߣѯʡ
Ұ˼Ƭ̣ɣ컹ЩҪ֮ǰһѸýĶģǼеҩ¡
׵ţ꣬ݲȣɣҶҲԷˡ
ҰһŶˣһЩҪ
ʲôЩ档
Ұ뻳УͳһɫľᣬɽӳУǾ䡰ؽмҲ쳣ۡ
Ķģɫ΢Ȼ뵽ʲô
ҰЦʦСòϣϡ
ŶһҲûжʣЦŽס
Ҳ˵⹦ؼҵ˵ȥˣؼҵͬϹȫ伣Ϊǳµ֣û뵽ȻǷҰʦ
ȻصʦһжˣͲᵣǡ
Ұаֹϵ֪Լɵģ֪ϵıǺֵľʣ


91 ݾ
峿̫Ʋ㣬ĽĹƬأΪƬɽһ㵭ĽɫΡ
Ż󿪵ҩã˿˿Ƶҩ㣬ҰӿֳһĨЦ⣬˴󿪵Ż
źͷүһӴ˳ŴԶЦСӣĵڿǻʵƷʦˣĸ߼ҲöǷҿͿģ
ҰЦϲүˣֻܹãûṩĵүҲܹԼоƷֻǶ˷Щʱˡ
ҶһˣȻ˻͸һЩҲûʱ˷ˡ
ҰЦ˼Ҳǫ飬ʦľȳǿĶ࣬־ҩ棬ٰ֮ڣԪ⡣
ľµϹһĨǳǳЦݣ촽үүϲϣҰͲҪˡ
϶ЦݣֺǺǵĵСҰʲô𣿡
ҰϵЦݽĿӷӹڷϣҪ뿪ɽˡ
ʲôɫһףӣС΢ţһգգĶŷҰ
Ҳ΢΢üͷô¶˵㡣
ҰŨüµ͸һɼᶨҪƾԼʵ콾ڻɽһԣұҪ
ΣաĲ˵˾䣬ҰеĨᶨ֪Ұͷᶯҡסڲٶ˵ˡ
ŵбâһһٵĵǷҵţҲǷϣʲôʱ֮Ҫġ
Ұ˵ͷ΢΢İɣ˺ģ飬ҿɲɡ
ʵȥδ
Ұĵ˵콾ڵ½һᱱϣᴩ½½ö֮פ콾󣡡
źͷ϶һ˿𾪣ĵصʲôʱߣ
һ硣Ұƽ
ʲôʱٴ׷ʡ
ҰԶҲһ꣬Ҳ꣬Ҳ
ҰĻδ֮꣬ȴԶ׼Σգ˭Ҳұ֤ܹĻ
ųĬƬ̣רΪ˸ģ
ҰЦЦӻͳдСֵֽţݸţЩŪĵлĵݲϲܹͬƳĵҩƷҲͬжƷͨĵƷĵƷ鵤ĵȵȣ㹻æˡ
ŵųâŵĵƷ
ҰЦʦﲻȱٵҾͶҪһЩȼԽߣԷҵĺôҲԽֻǸֵĲϣҾͲˡ
Цֵ˶ȫסˣ˶˾޴ľϲ֮С
ĲŷеҩŷҰ£𣿡
Ұ£ԺиֳһŮӵӰҡҡͷʲôû˵
ĵһĨʧҧҧ´ĿŷҰ˵
Ŀ£Ұоڣ˼䣬͸ȥ
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ڶһ磬ҰҪһЩװƿռ֮Уֽ׸׼·ɵŪɸٴ߶һ֮󣬲ϵע£һ»ɽ
ڻɽ棬ҰоȥһεļƵģ˶࣬ڴⱼӣʲôʸС
ӽԺɣƾԾ
ӽԺ󣬵裬
ҰҰԿʼ͸ڵѪҺʼڣǿ嫵磬Ÿʺ
ӥչᣬһ죬ɲյӥ
İ棬Ұ˻ɽıԵһĴ߳һͷɴСͫƽʨŷҰͷʾ¡
һҪȥˣҾͰչˡҰվͫƽʨǰɫ֣ص˵Լ
ͫƽʨ΢΢˵˶ͷ­ͺһĿͷҰԶȥ
ȵҰͫƽʨʧ֮Ӱٴ˳µ˿ҿûڻɽ֣Ȼͷʨӣ治ǡȻҰѾ뿪˻ɽǾûҪ̫Ĺ˼ˣ
˿Ŵأɢһɹˣ˸ߵӲݶɹþҶӣҰŲݼٵķţһϮɫ죬ɴεĺˮС
뿪ɽˣʼͽ뵽һƬ߼ʵĻԭУ˰˸ߵӲݣʱʱܹҰǵĺһزãĸо
ӲݴĻԭһ죬ָ̫·ߣ˵Ұͻ˷
Ҳ֪ǲǴڽƬԭ֮󣬷ҰܸоΧһ޵Σ·ʲôƵġ
һЩǿ޶ŸԵĵ̣˵ĳǿ޵أԼðȻһþͿܻύ
ڸսƬԭʱ򣬷Ұ˾裬˿Ҵ⡣
˵ɣҲΣգвпٲֵҰǺġ
Сôӻɽгˣ㲻˭ɣһӷҰǰʮ⣬һӰ˫վУճֳڵϺɫ䣬÷Ұ¡
Ұ˫΢΢һֱоʲôƵģû뵽Ȼޣ
ţ뵽һڱ𣬶ʧΪ֮±ͷ޸ˣ벻һﾹȻţ
˫վڷҰǰС벻ɣ죬ҾҪҫڶһڵӱ𣡡
ڵǿߣȷҰǿ˲֪ٱңû඾ָӣҲ޷ã㷽ҰӵΪ쳣Ѹ٣ʱҲһĸо󾳽磬⻹ô
ھ֮УҰ侪壬ĻǵĵϦ·ѪɫĹ͸һɱˮһսĲƣ΢΢Щɵ촽ЦҲΪˣһ֮øɥȮƵģɱСүÿûǸ£
ŷҰԼҰ͸ۻԪҲӹһĨ𾪣ŵĵʦڣ
ʱϤڷҰԺ𣺡ϴû취̫ãҿԽȫ㣬ܹһ磬ʱӵ佫ڵΪ
Ұüë΢ѯʵȫʲôӰ죿
ٵĵ֮Ҿͻ˯֮УҪͻƵ佫ʱܹٴξˡһڵǿߣҽ֮Ҳֻܴﵽ佫ڵΪӵллˣӲƴĻûκʤ㣡
²˳٣ʼɣҰŻһ͸еһȣһȻӿڣڿľ˲ӯ͸ҲԽԽǿ
Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬷ҰۻѾ佫ǿߵ͸һɳҵϢ
𾪵ŷҰȻ佫ڣʲôطȻô죿
ϴҪ˯ˣʣµ飬ͿˣܵӰɡڷҰԺ𣬺ܿûϢ
Ұ͸һɾȻлǵбָһɰԵҵڶս
ӣУ
ʱӵ佫ڵΪܿڵ
£Ψбˮһսܹһ


92 ǿǿ
ϼѪ絶
ҰԺĬƵӡŴȵľ磬ĻǵбָԪžƹ·ߺХתսڣз·Żȼգ͸һɹһǰơ
һԲƽսһʤսҰҲδֿһҲһӶе
ɱɽɽ
ǰк赲Ψһ֮
䣬񵶵ĵưϣ÷Ұϵٴ
Ұ֣ضһ
΢΢£ҰʱƣȻͶ٣г𾪡
ܹ쵽ڣ൱ķḻ֪÷ҰƣǱɫĳ΢沼һɫɢһȵϢѸĳҰ
ѪնɽӣҰһ糤޷裬âտտȵԪ뵽еĻǵУķ򣬴£һȻĵӿ
ʵҰҲΪѣڵѾ˶㣬ٲֵĻԼҲҪȳˡֻǣԼֵĻʮа˾Żգ޷ӰܹڵӾ̰õй
䣡
ۻΪһɿüˣԾľ˷ΧӲʯһԶĽ鲢׷ɣƾˡ
Ұǰ֮Ȼֹǹɰ߰˲һѪڣһѪӿϺǿȥ
ã˼ʮΣδȵľ磬һ÷Ұڵľʹ
ҰŶЩȻ˸ſҰ֮ɫڵѪҺȫƷǵûнͣԽԽ¡
ƾ佫ڵİԪƾһǰİԾƣƾžƹıӳɣԾڵǿߣҲûһս֮
սڵķҰĿоǱ䣬Цûʦڣط佫ڣһӵƣȻܹһŰڻɽһأҶûܹ㡣ϧȴˣҲκλģĽ죬ļգ
ϻ˵ҪսսսҰһ˫սǵĿĶڻ۵ơ
ȻҰΪﵽ佫ڣ޷УԸֻܱء
ĻҲӰ¶òʧΨݴͲһ˿ʤ㡣
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ҰڰգһӻûӰÿһӰ̺Ϣ쳣ǿ󣬸ͷֲĸĸǻӰ
ھҰбһ˲鶯ŤܹӰһһǵӰżŻɫķ򳤽ҲºȻʹ£һѪۣ͸һɹɻʹѪ˿˿ԷƲȥ
ҰͲһϵģٶȺ;ԶԶֵܹסģοͨط򣬶˺쳣ǿ󣬷Ұˡ
˸һèϷ˷ܣЦСò˵Ǹţ㹻ʱ䣬ؽ½ǣΪĲ࣬Զ޷Խĺ蹵ôطҲûã
Ұɫ΢Բ԰ףмЦϹ㶼˼ʮˣ˼СүΪͬʱ䣬ɱ㣬
ɫϷʵĵôţɳʼղǻһgδɳǼβ˵ĺãϧͷˣ±ӣסǧҪâ¶
ٴεϤҰڴ˾ȵľ磬ΧһжӳĵףÿһռĲÿһ˿΢紵Ϣȫ޾ϸĸĵס
ҰйâеĻǵ裬ǿĵƻ۵ԽԽǿɽ鱬ƺХϮһȻƣҵĳ
˾ȵľ磬ҰеĹ˼ɾȥٲ飬ͲںԼǷ¶Ƴ۰Եһǰ
Цһ˲䲶׽ҰϵʮκһҪ
׼ֵʱĸӦһһǰǿƽԼˣһеĸоշתŲ֮䶼ٻࡣ
ȻûϵҰȻܹõֵزɫҲ΢΢ۻӿܲĻԹǿнҰӴ˺ѿһǣڰƮŻ
ŭڣʱ򣬷ҰĲ׽һӰŭһŲϵȻƣԵбնһİС

һ̶ĽײӴӿΧ˸ߵӲݶһƬƽء
ͼһɫڰи˳У˫г𾪣ôҲ벻ףΪηҰܹô׼Ĳ׽ԼӰ
ң𾪵ǣȻоһѪڣǸͬǿʱŻֵȴڷҰϸܵѹ붼ò˼顣
ڷҰ״θеһָĪĸоʹһڵ꣬׻ʲôֶΣ
񶦵ĸƹõ˼񵶵ĵȼҲ޽ӽףǴ˾ȵľ磬ҰսֱУȻδ·磡
ҰıƸǿʶ飬Ļǵݺնлһƿһսȥɱ
УѽҰ̣츳Ķ֣Բ
Ϸˣ̬Ҳлɫ͸һɹɻ𱬵Хת
ô˵Ұط֮Ҳδﵽľ磬ңط֮һ㶼ʱƵģҪٶڷҰߣĽҰ
ƵӡԺҰһɺܹĸоÿһǷʮƵģ·߾ӳĵס
Ŀ˫ŽһһֳֻɫᶶԹ򱬷ڰдš
ҰͷδתڵӿĹעеĻǵУǵ棬ת۽ҰܻΪһƬ𺣣ǵʧڻС
ͣ
ǵ֣һİһƬѪˣӳɫ
ʱ򣬷Ұͷת˹ղõУһֱ͸Ļ𺣲
ûһУСϻһѪۣѪת۾Ⱦۡ
ڸһѣճѪгһɾѿڶܣ
ôҲû뵽ΪֵķҰȻѲӲ
ʤƽȻб


93 ɱ
С㵽׵õʲôܹôǿӶгҰٵıˣĿŷҰ
Ұɫ΢΢һȻ֪ӵдı
죬Ұˣֻܻһ
Ϲ֪̫ˣҰĻӦȻԷɱš
˾ȵľ磬Ұһıսһǵչķ
е쳣ıҰǸʦСƽһƾһѣ벻Ұ˶ĵƣҷҰĹ޿ײ룬Ҳֻзصķݶڲ
ȣͷδʽѳ
ľ磬ʱҰʩչ˳·սĻеĻǵʱػĻȣȷҰΪǿĶ࣬ڷҰս״̬£Ҳ˼Ѫܵ˺ۡ
䣡
һػ𣬷ҰŻǵɫʱڳ֣ճȭصţһɰ˹ȥ
飡
ڴһ˲̶ͬȵˣһѪ˳£лԹػһ¾ܹ÷飡
ȥѪгɱ
ͣ
δüӦһƿǰĿǰŤһ͸ϸ룬룬æ۳һɫĹεػסüġ

ӰԵ棬ʽƽڴ̴˴Ĺػ֮ɢ˿
µ˿һƿ죬һöӰŸղöӰ·߳ɱ˹
ۣ
öӰںķ˴֮ƿǵԹػֻʣ´üġ
ҽгüĵռ䱻֣ܵһʹ
ܹΪȻҲǷ֮üлԹӿǰӰĻ촷ۡ
һɫҲЩ԰ףղһ£ĵȷȷܵˣһӵĵ޸ˡ
԰׵ӿֳһĨЦ⣬طϵϢѸǣüоȻֳһӡǳΪٴһȽף
Բ
ǶԷҰ˱ɱ֮ģοҰֶҲƣڱɲ﷭ѹ׵ط˳
Ұɣһο쵽˼£ڰһӰѸĳڷҰǰ

Ұ̧ܵеĻǵԾĵ볤صײһһȻҰеĻǵֶ
һ˷ҰĻǵԸٶȳŷҰɱ˹ЦѣײеĵҰû㻹ôҶ
ڻǵֵһ̣Ұ˫ֲܿƵĶٵһӵ־˫ֵĶüиֳһȸԡӡǣϴһɹɿֲĲ
ӡǣ΢΢ŭľȸӡǣҫϵõȸ
ণ
һ쳹ȸ𣬽ʺصƶ䶼ɢȥһƴСĺӰӰ̬һɻ湹ɵȸƵġ
ȸӡ
ȸӡ֮ն쳣Ťеĵطѿ˿˿ɫķ϶ƾ춯أ
ȸӡĳָδԤϵģҲҫȸҲûȸӡɢĿֲϢȴܵһв
ľ飬ܵҪܣǰ֮ƣȫǿиıԪת·ߣƴ徭⵽ɣҲƫƫ
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սָܵʹ£ҰȿĳͿȥȭԲֱۣƾűܵĸӦŻҳ֮ȥ
飡
һȭͷڹͷϵĳѵ÷Ұȭͷ΢΢죬һˤڵص

Ұͷڸ˽࣬ŻҳĵطУһǰδеš
ۣ
Ұһ죬ҲûϢ
Ұ˿Ҵ⣬һգգĶŻҳĵطȵĻҳɢſ龰
ߵظ۶ȫըɷ飬ͷӶ¶˳ͷϻӡŸȥȭӡһӶԽ˳Ĳˡ
󾳽磬ӮãʵǼѣ
һҰȻоһɣǿ糱ˮȥڵԪݽߣÿһ缡Ƶģȫеľ˲̶ͬȵˣͷҲһѣΣһȫĸо
Ұǿһ󾳽磬ɱôãˡƵӡֱڵԪĵĽݽߣңӰ룬Ҳ÷Ұľ˰˾ųɣ˯ĸоһĳľ
ҰǿŻ˯ͷִƿռóһŻſȥ
ҩΪһů뵽Ұľ֮УҰľ̰ҩգҰֱоÿһ羭Ƶģʹ͡
ҰҧҧǹӼ־е΢еҩ˳žƵ·
ķѰεĹ򣬷Ұ˹һ죬ڵûôˡ
ϧľ˵̫ź˿ӣҪڵԪٶùɱĻпܻᾭϣ
Ҳ˵ڽ󲻶̵һʱУ޷ù
Ҫֻˡ
ȵָԶþ
΢ָЩҰߵǰǱɫĳС
һͨɫ߳һȼյĻ棬͸һȵϢϻС֣
Ұа벻ϼһﻹõר彣ϧֻǸؽмǻǵõ˳֡
ҰƲƲ죬ֶƿռС
ʬƬ̣һƬе챦̻Ƭе龧ĩеҩķĩδκмֵĶ÷ҰЩۣӦЩöģȴȸӡˡ
ͬʱҰҲΪȸӡǿ𺳣̤ˣǿȶ쳣ǿᣬȸӡĺ£Ȼըȫʬ÷ҰҲɵࡣ
ҲףǽûΪ˵ԶԶһҲֻܸ佫ǿ߻Щãûв
Ұʬҡͷ̾Ϣһֶ̧һ򣬽ʬΪҽ
һһǳ׵ɢˡ
Ұǵ뵶ʣƣĲյͣűᶨǰУһӰӡ
콾ڵķλҪƾԼ½ǿƵĴ뵽콾У


94 Ҷ
ƵƳϵʱ򣬷ҰڿǰһƻͨСƣҰƵĻεСϡ
Ұ߳ɽ֮ǰĵεҲ˽һЩСΪϿɽɽڶʦһվȻģ󣬵ȴӦоУ߻ӡ
һССֻһϱͨ͸ĽֵȸСȫСϣƹݣ̣̣ȫһӦȫڽֵࡣ
ȻϣȻѪ߰ߵĴڵнŶеھƹ޼ɵĽ̸š
Ұ˸Сջ˷䣬صĵ˴ϣ˿ɬʹĸоһϮ
Ұҧٴһö븹УٵıͬΪԪľ
Чˮϡ͹Һ̫Զˣ޸ٶĸڹƵģҪȫ޸Ҫ߰Ĺ
̫أҰڵԪž˫ĿĬĬƵӡʼ鿴üռеľ
Һãľֻǿݽˣδܵʲô˺Ƶӡĸ£ٵ޸š
峿͸ʱ򣬷Ұ˫ˢһһɫĹʣ˫ٴλָ䣬ſ³һڻǵϢ
һϵĿޣľѾָ߰˰ˣңľ˼֡
еĴʹҲ˲٣ڻ޸ţҰҡҡͷţɫ΢΢£ǵһ˿Цݡ
澭ľУЩʣûʲô赲ˣֻҪľ޸ڵһʱͻƵʦԲ磡
ǳսȻ˾գǷҰõս飬ҲǳԵõġ
ͨһеȸӡ˸̵ʶھȵľ磬ҲЩĵá
ҪǣϮ޵еӵļᶨˣܷɱʲô赲ǰĵ·
򵥵ϴ£˵㣬ҰŲ߳СջŽֵС򱱷ڵλá
ǻɽɽе޶ѶԸʱȺӵޣ֣Դ󲿷ʦҲϲȺӵĽ롣
еһţ֯ܣսǿҰɵǸţ֯̽ϢָӶԵеȣɼһߣǷҰͳ˵ꡣ
ڱڵĵطʹӵ˲ٵʦеķվһеڴк֣Ϊɽ׼
ò˵ȷʵ𱬣ҰܿͱȺ򣬺Ȼһᣬӵ˳ǼƵġ
ҰĪתͷͿһʮ˵Ķ龲վǰ󲿷˵ؿڶһƬɫҶӣֻ˵ؿʲôûС
ûҶӱ־ģÿ϶һ˵ɷȻЩͨʦԱȵġ
Ұ΢΢£ƾǿľĲȺУΪ͵Ķʦľ磡
Ұǰվǰֵλ׳˶׳бһۣЦСֵܣߴطˣҪţȥŰɡ
Ұ̧ͷһۣüǲҪϣ
λ׳£ЦҪɽշ˵ĻǱϡ
ǾˣҲǱϡҰȻһЦ¶һڽ׵ݡ
׳бۿ˷ҰһֻۣʮӣδȫȥԲ԰ףӣϵޣɫϻմȾЩδɵѪ
׳ԷҰĵһӡͼаСɱˣҪŻ龧İɣ
׳ҡͷЦ˽ɽҪɱޱѩǣѩǶȺӶõĻҪ֣ҪﵽʦУȵ֮Ż֧Ӷ㻹ȥطɣðװ
СһŶ󰡣뵱ʦҪһһտʼ͸ʦʮģ
Сӣ˷ǵʱ䣬һȥɣ
СӣΪ˰Ѵ󵶾ܵʦˣϽ߿
Ѿͷĺ
Ұ˵Щʲôöϴһɽô¶˵ҪҪﵽʦ磬ô˸ôСģ
˳ȥͼһžװƤȹŮ˹
ŮԼжʮͣսȹŰ͹µģ¶ԸеߣСͬС¶˳Сɫļ̫·˿˿󣬿ȥһҰ
ǸΪɽ׳Цһ㣬Сײܵģҿɻûͬ
Ұ¶һĨЦһһĸ֣ͬʱϱİɷҲ˲ӿֳԴλЩҰŮЦӦùʸ˰ɣ
˵ľϵƻأųС򣬻׾ٵġңѪɱǻɱϵɷдϵɷҪǿҵĶࡣ
ҰŮ΢΢Ұǹǿҵɷ𾪣ɫŹֵĿ˿Ұ˵ͷãɣˣǵΪҶţҽҶ÷γƺ
ҰЦű
Ҷ÷ɨΧȺһۣ˻֣ɢ˰ɣҶŵѾˡ
ΧӵȺֻ㬵뿪˶δﵽ׼еĴﵽ׼ĲΣյҰôʹﵽʦ磬ǵĿжɫʣΧһɲ
ǸΪɽķҰļˬʵĴЦֵܣǿˣôʹﵽʦ磬òĸߵүɣ
Ұһٺһſھ͵˸˾ŲʮǴӷҳߵġ
⣬Ұɲʲô鷳ʼ磬Цĸүôҵ𣿡
ҲԣүϿûôŨɷǾڴɱеϢɽЦЦղҲһ˵Ұ˵Ҳ׷ʡ
ĲˣˣҶ÷һȳɭֵķ˹ȥһʮҲܿ˽Ų
վҰɲκˣοҶŻҪȥԸѩȺ飬Ұɱ˼־衣
ƾųǿľټϸƵɷԼ֮ĲȣҰ˵һЩҲЩ²⡣
ҶйʮˣӦöǸոռģʣµĶһЩϱȽĬϳԱ
ΪǿӦþǸҰŮʦڵӣ˶ʦڣиҲǸոļģʣµȫʦڵʿȻɽ


95 ɽ
ɽһɫʱŨʱ˵׼ʲôʱͻŨĿӰжʧ
ÿŨɽʱ򣬾ɽΣյʱ򣬱طҪΣյĶ࣬ʦе֣Ҳ
ǣҶҪҵıѩǣɽ
ʮˣÿϵɷ쳣ŨʴҲûʲô۵޻᲻Ҫײ
ڽɽ·֮˺֩ĳѨʱֻСĺ֩뺷ηϮǡ
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ֻ֩ĳ˳ɱ˹һ˿ٵĽ֯һƬ඾ͷ¡
ˢˢˢ
ʵԭؿٵһƬ⽣Ӱ˲佫˺ɷ顣
飡
Ұֱ˵ҳһȭһֻλĺ֩ҷ˳ȥ֩ϳһѺۣڵ˼£Ҳˡ
Ǿ޷ԪƾԸһޣСһ
Щ֩붼ֻһޣ˵˿жǶЩڴɱʦ˵ҲûʲôӰ죬Ƭ֮䣬ֻ֩붼˸ɾ
ҰǰɣɵƯҶ÷ǡÿһĻŷҰͷʾ⣬ĵĺʡ
ҰЦųҶ÷˵ͷ˫ǳƽ·һ飬û⣬Ҳ
Ҷ÷ˮиֳһĨµζƫͷɫƽķҰа룬ʲôľŻôһλ꣬˳費ľ磿һӵôǿҵɷ
ܽˣ˭ûеСأ
Ҷ÷ЦЦҲٶ룬˦㷢治ĵĹأٷ޲ϡǵɱģȫ鵥УŶɱģŶӻȽʱ֧ӦӶ𡣼λɱ֩ѣԼȡϰɡ
ŶΪ͵ĶʦڣһϵĲ϶Ǻܿأ˶ֻȡ˺֩ϵں֩ϵϣ϶δȡ
ҰԴӵѹ˳˵֮۽ӽʮ򣬶Щֵ龧һǺܿء
ֻҲòƲ¶׵ĵʦ͵ʦľκмֵĶ׷ŹҶ÷ô˵ҲӿаγһذףһĽȡ뱳İС
ǸռĻ꽫һɫǹһֻ֩ϰγڳһöɫøɾ뻳У̧ͷǡÿҰͷһ䣺Сֵܣɵò
Ұ̧ȥһʮ߰꣬ż֪ʲôץצۣݵ͸һɸȻЦž˸ǳڴĽ
ǿһ⣬Ұһָо˲κˣ˶һ˿裬Ҳûپվ
ô˵˴кҰҲ˼ҵӣЦŻӦɿ佱ҲˣҿҲǸռİɣҽзҰأ
ǸĬƬ̣ĵԣߵʦԣ
Ұ΢΢һЦԭֵֻ֣ʦԵ㸸ĸֹɫġ
˸£Ǹ¶ʦģϣܹΪʦеߣ
ҰͷЦղŴ֩һǹ൱֣ҪʦлҲ̫ѡʦֵʾ˽лᣬȥݷðݷʦ
Ե΢΢ȥԹԵҡҡͷͳĵ˵ˣѾɽԶˣ˵ʲôʱͻΣգǾɡ
Ұ˵ͷа̾һԵʦѾˡ
ģҪģ
ʦʮа˸ջ޸УʵѭӦˬ
ʱУ˼һ޵ĹоյĶȹȥ
ʱ֣ߵһСϪߣҶ÷֣ĵɽĺܣȻǱѩȺĴ·ֲͼҪҳȷķҲô׵顣ҲһʱôԶϢϢɡŴ󵨡롢Сĸʮ⾯䣬ɽȥŪҰζôЩ䲹
Ҷ÷ҲʦеˣϢʱȻŵǲַڣһרȥҰζȻȻһŷС
Ұϵĺ飬бһϣʦĸ̸ۣϹһ˿Цݡ
ЩѪĺӣЩֱˬ֮еڴԼже˵Լֹʲôϧϣе˵ʲôȵȣ÷ҰʧЦѡ
ҰƫԴһʯϵҶ÷ҲЩҶ÷ֻжʮͣҶеĺӶģ߱ʵҲֹ¶Щ
ܿ죬Եɽͻˣ˫иֻҰúɽνض飬㹻ʮ˳һٵˡ
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Ұɫ΢뵽ľҰζζԼѧϰ֮ҲһЩϣƿռ֮С
ңľ쳣ǿԵʣڻձȷĻҪǿĶ࣬˵δĿҰζҲģٿĲȷĿĲ
ֻǣԴӵƳ֮һֱûлտˡɽΣأҰϰ˵һ˵δ𿾹Ҫ鷳кҶŻţһǡ
ҰɽһԵСϪ߽Ұɽϴɾȼһ𣬼ڻϿ
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Ұҡҡͷֿ쵹ˣֻζ²ôá
СֵܣûУҰϾͿ쿾ˣٺ٣Ҳûãһֻ϶ǺģСӾŰɡɽüɫԴޡ
ҿǸҵġҰаңбԶҶ÷һĬ
ϾͿˣҿŵȥŪһ𿾣ɽɷ˵ĽвҰõ֦ݸҰתСϪȥ
ҰеҰζ¶һ˿ЦݣҰöɽˣøʵ飬ѳԣҲɽҪõöࡣ
ҰԶþĿƶ䣬ʱʢʱʱ¶ˣཫҰ˽ȥҰܵ¶ȫͬտš
ҰζԶԶɵĶˣʱ磬˲Ŀ
ҰżҰõ֦˲עʱ򣬴ƿռСɵƿƿ޹ޣһζķĩҰϣε֬Уɢһɹ˵ζ
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֪Ҷ÷һҧȥжʱһʣûڵ޵̫óˣɽǿ̫ˣ
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ôԱһλʦ˾䡣
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Ҳһ鳢Ǹʦ˺һӺȣ̻ʵĳ
ʦҲ˽Ƭ̾ͽһֻĽƵҰùϷֵĸɸɾ
Ұ۵ϹһĨЦݣһּһֻҰãרĵĿţҰϵ̵֬ڻУƮ
Χʦ۰Ͱ͵ŻտҰãס촽ҶŵųҶ÷ҲҺղֻǰȣɻûԱȵǰȣֻõҰͱ˳Ըɾˡ
Сֵܣû𣿡ɽ͹촽۰Ͱ͵ĶŻϷҰãѯ˳
Ұ΢Цҡҡͷ΢ȵȰɣڻ򻹲
ܶڵҰҲû취¶ȵĹߣֻƾžƿŻ򣬼ֻҰͬʱ⿾ҰζЧʾͽ˲١
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ɽЦֵܷ࣬õֻҪ÷ҰСֵܶˡ
ҰЦҡͷûϵϲԣҲгɾ͸С˵ˣԱˣôѩɱ
Ҷ÷ЦŷҰӣֿ˿ҰߵǼƿƿ޹ޣĵҰЩǵϰɣŪģ
ҰһСƿеһЩɫķĩҰϣĵⶼЩСϲԣ˳ЩȻҪҰζֻܹ𵽸ãؼĻҪ򡣡
ĲˣҰ˳˺һȣʣµݸҶ÷ȥˡ
ҰɲϲԩͷһտʣµɽһԹԵĿȡ
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͹˸˱ǣûãʣµɽﶼҰˣ˴ãԵ͡
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ҰӹңŲӹһڣٸһľֱ븹Уľٵɢ֫ٺҡҡԴſںһŨľ
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ҰҲһЩţ˵Ұϴδ߳ɽվҲ٣Ҷ÷ĵ÷ǳͶԵ
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Ұǣвóһİ׾УٵŰ׾еġֱóöһеҲڿٻָš
Ұ΢΢ǰûԹʱҲƴӻͳöľԵѧ˵ӣʼ
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ûã˾˾Ҷ÷Ĵ£ɽ롣


97 Ⱥ
еȻܹôǿĸ֮󣬷ҰߵʱжһöľԵһһɹɾϵľ
Ӫʱ򣬷ҰǽöľԵĶУٵĽеΪ޸ܴľ
һ޵ܹϵʮ龧̺ӴľϵžٶȥҪ˶ãܹ÷Ұܴľ޸
ɽҶŵ춼ûһֻѩǣ˳ɱ˼ֻ۵ޣȡ޲ϡ
ǵ룬ҲԽԽǿʱܹһЩ䵥ʦǾɵˡ
ڵʱΧɽне֣̤ɽ֮С
ˣҰܴľѾȫ޸ҾԱǰǿֹ
о澭֮е谭Ѿ΢΢һĻܹˮɵͻƣ
໡
ԶȻһƳǺõúҶŵ϶¶һ˿ϲɫ·ڿҪѩˡ
ϾҪصˣҶСĵҶ÷ϸСϳһɫƤޣҲ֪ʲôƤëƶɵģɫ͸˿˿ɫһ㵭ӾǸؽм
Ƥ޸սȹɫ࣬ϣսȹһ壬ϸĻ濴
Ҷ÷ִ˸ޣƤ֣õҶ÷ǹҰԵϢǿˣһĴɨţ˾һͷƴĸƵģһǿ
ʣµʦҲս˸Ե󲿷ֶǼƷֻõǵؽױҲǳı
ΧԽԽŨҰҲҴ⣬˳ֳĻǵʦһ˿ɫĹ⻪˶ɵûͷ¡
ؽмҶ÷˸һ˿ĹʣЩŵŷҰ
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ǣһģͻȫļҵ湻ģҰʼ磬˹ȥָʵķҰɲں˻
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Ͼõޣÿ˶ܹõһѵġ
ڷҰ˵Ǿ仰֮󣬶ǸԵʦ΢΢£ĿŷҰûȥ
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ѩǻתͷſһںջΪһϬĺУٵĳҶ÷
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98 Ծ
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ҶŵҲǳԵģҶ÷Ļ˶һ֣ΧľѻһɻԵʦ֮ȼʱ߰˶ȼյʢܡ
ɸߣΧȺ׿ȦȦĽƬΧ˸ˮйͨ
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أ
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һ°ǺٴȺʱø׺Ǻηĳɱˣһȫѡ
ȫֵҲܲסȺ̫࣬еĻѶ֣ƶСࡣ
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ۣ
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أ
°ǺһֺУΧȺٴαýֻһ𣬼йĸˣŲҵɷĽ
ҰľڳǿģǺʱ˲䲶׽ӰֻߴıѩȵվȺ󷽣ȵػһֻѩ׵ǣѰǶҪߴһ࣬͸˿˿쵼ߵϡ
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ܴһŭĺײеĶſٳذףһѩıнϷǱذײɣͬʱһţԾֻǰצϸԸֳһɫѸʣµذϡ
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ŭĺһ鶯ΧȺϱȥڰһӰĿҶŵˣݵĶŷҰ
ҲǵõĳƵģĲסˣ֧ԮҰ
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ѪնɽӣҰŭһĻǵһһǰ£ٵƿ̵˵ĶĤʹǿƶԵӭ˱ѩĹ
ѩ͵ͫ˸Ų̵ĹֻķצŷҰײ˹ȥҰδﵽ佫ԶԶĶ֣ӲӲĻֻĽ࣡
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ҰĻǵȻѩצһһۻ˲䱬˳ΧǶƷ˳ȥɳʯľ顣
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ҪնɱȺİΧȦҲǲܵ顣
һУҪҰıˣ


99 
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ܹΪһȺͷѩǻȻһܹģڷҰԱ֮󣬾Ȼϵ˷Ұһ磬ѸΧźҶ·ɫһ㡣
ˣʣµǱøӵķˣÿһֻǶײеĳɱתۼϹ˲ʡ
أ
ѩſʮУһ򳹵ڣչֳ˼ٶȣ쵽ӰԲ׽Ӱ˸ڱк󷽳˹
Ǹ˻æӶеȴܹеùıѩ
ۣۣ
ӰһҶŵʦźȥ⼸˵Ҳ˼ɼǵצۣѪš
Ұд˸ʮͷǶʬҶ÷ȵ㣬򣬻ֵܻģ
Ҷ÷һ޳һͷҪǣæãϷأҺͷҰȥֻҪɱ˶ȫˣ
ھҰһĻǵƺָƮתۼ佫ǰڳһյس
Ұ˫ڵȻǴչƵԾеĻǵڸ߿ջһĨĻȣűѩڵķȻ¡
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ǳʲôԭֻҪҪˣ˿
죬žһµȥ񽥽ɢ


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Ұɵ΢΢Ŵͣһ벻ɽǻĴôϪ߲ǼλҲ׽˲ٵ㡣ңҰһҲֻʣ¾ŸˣЩǾԳԲģȺһﻹ·ϳˡ
·ϳԣҲʡԺҪˡҰаţĥԼ뿪ʱǲҲӦô·ϳԣ
һ֣ܿͰЩȫϴɾѵȼٴΧϣŷҰһ˱ݡ
Ļ潫˵ɫӳͨһƬɽֻĵҰСӿеæඣôණ㻹ÿҹ
ҰϹһĨص΢Ц˼üëҲδأտٶȣ֤ǳԵٶˡ
Ҷ÷æζһҪպãǧͼٶȰ
ģҰοһ䣬ϼͷҰˢһ¸ֳһ򣬿ٵһڴϸĻ泤ߣȻӿ·֮Уõһʢֹ
øߵ¶ȣΧǰ˶΢΢ݣ֮Ҳƫ˴ڣȴܹ˸¶ȵĻ棬Ҷ÷Уõ˶ڷҰӵˡ
Ұʱʱָоȫ˻֮УȼյĻԪ;˫ؿ֮£ٵı任Ÿ״ʱмԱ߻Ϩʱһʱ絶âʱ֣֮ʱͬһʱҲܹ͸ֲͬ¶ȣеŻı䶯ٵĻţ˿Ŀɿڴ
𣬻
ʵҰҲΪ֮ڻŶ˽Ĳ̫ҰԺҶŵ˺кøУǡý˻չʾչʾԺҲвСİ
ҲܹҰרעڴƷƵģие쳣𺳣ȻδҰĿŽΪɫҰܹ֬ڻеԼȼʱžԵô˴쳣ľס
ʱĹ򣬷ҰͽһͷҰĽζ˱ǣʳָ󶯡
ˣԿˣȵͷҰԵĲˣٿʣµĶҲ٣Ұذ׸°ȣſкԡ
͵ȲˣԷ׷ذ׸һҰ⣬̻ʵĳ
Ҷ÷Ұ⣬˳ֵݸҰһҵľƣ޵壬óԣҰСӸղͦİҲܹԻк˽⡣
Ұһƣֲȥǵͼʵ⻹Ǽ򵥵ģܹû潫Χ綼ݻǲĵˡԳݻĶݻʱ򣬻ܹݻԵģҲһһ;ֹġ
Ҷ÷ͣס˳ԺȣһɵϴȻҰһĴ
Ҷ÷кҶŵ˶𾪵ŷҰⶼ˳ԣҰһ˵ָ·ƣַûиĹҲܹԸϤи˽⣬óҲǿĶ࣡
ͬҰտҰʱͷŵĸ£ԶԶܹõģ
Ҷ÷صķҰļ򣬽оҸҰ£ĵҴûжǰ;ҰοҪлˣָ㣬ɱһ˵õжҪصö࣡Ҷ÷ûôˣǳ׵ķˣǺúúȸʹ죡
ʣµҲһеľңŷҰûڵĵл
Լֵܣ˵ЩĻһȸʹ죡Ұоң˹ʹһ븹С
ڳ⣬ںȾƣòʹ죡
ϣҰ˱ߺȱģĵдȫտˣǽһ룬ʣµĶ´ˣǰǴľƶȵþ⣬ÿģҶ÷ĵ˷Ұϣ²֪ˡ


103 
峿͸֦ҶҰƤ˼£˫ۣеͷһʹ
ҰĬƵӡƬ̾ͽͷеĻӾƾӾƣ֮ԴȻôʹ
һҰ͸оЩԾƺſŸ޹ǵ·ܸеŴƵҲŵһĨ㣬÷Ұ΢΢һ˿
ͷȥͿҶ÷Դ˯أСɫļ·ĹƺǷҰĶоʲôë˼£˫ۡ
ʹգ˼۾ҡͷ˦ȥͷеĲʣҶ÷ҲԼ˿̵Ĵ΢һ֮ſڷҰؿȻһЦ󷽷ĴӷҰЦСһĶ㶼ҳԣӲС
ҰЩؿڣЦԼһİɣѹؿڶЩᣬŮ˰
Ҷ÷վһԣ££ϵĳֵİ˷ҰһۣŭСӣ˱˻ԣ
˵ЦƬ̣Ҳ½˹
ɽĿŷҰЦſЦҰǲǵǺˣҪһɣ
Ҷ÷ɫ΢΢һ죬ɽһۣɽСִǰɣٸҺСҰƨɴ򿪻
ɽæͶŷҰ˼۾ЦСֵܣͰѵһĺŮ
ɱ˵Ҫ㻹ͬأҲҪˣҰΣǶĳ鴤£ôϲҵԧװ
˶źЦ
֮Ҷ÷̲סʵҰҪϣҪȥʲôطǿ԰æ
ҰĬƬ̣ӼᶨԶ³ۣ콾
ʲô콾
콾
̫ˣ

Ҷŵһը˹ǳɽɱ콾ҲһЩ򵥵˽⣬ȴһָĪĸоƬе콾۵ĵط
Ҷ÷ɴ˫ŷҰɵҶ콾ҲЩ˽⣬˵Ҫ콾ѱȵ죡콾´յֻʣ²ʱ䣬츳ȻҪ֮ӱҲô׵£
ҰЦЦᶨĵҲҪ;콾һȥģңִȥ
Ұô˵Ҷ÷Ҳ޿κΣֻףˡ
Ҳ׷·СģϾ콾ǧɽˮм˵ʲôΣա
ҰһϤףλأҪ·ˡ
··Ҷŵ˻δü˵ŨдһϤŵ
Ұüͷ΢壬ˢһתͷȥͿǸͺӴһȺ˴ӱĴд˳һӿżǿҵϢʮ֮࣬иߵıȶһ԰͸ɫ򣬾Ȼһλ佫Բǿߣ
Ҷŵɫˢһ±ˣŵʮ֮⣬ǰЩȫɫѵƵģﵽ佫ǿ߶
Ҷ÷ɫ˲һӣ˶һνʣָˡ
ֶܶôǿ󣬶ֿܹ
Ϊʦ췹ԵģҪѲҲֻƴһˣ
ǣȵȺ˿Ҷ÷ǰı־ʱһĸоֻǱ쳣ۣͨ죬Ծ쫷ӵأǷ׸ˣ
ΧԲʮڷ׸УƬϣ׸ߣȨϣ˵һĴڡ
׸רŸɱ޵ԱڸɽиɱѰɽ֮ĵرȴҪǿƵĶ࣬ڶżɵ֡
ԷڶȻǰһǸͺһģýֺͷ뵽Ȼͺģ˵ͺӻмֽ飬ǳļ֡
ԭǷ׸ˡҰ΢뵽Ǹ̬¶ĳҲ֪ˣ
³ϣǣұɼǸѩ֥ТТ˼ҵģȴ;ȥˣǿɺޣͺӵĿг˱壬Ǹǰ״
³ݸߣɫڣһɽӣɭȻᣬᶶͣ˺ҶŵǰĮĵ˵һģ
³߷磬Ƿ׸ڶ೤֮һҪǸɽһ֮¡
ԵʱǡͺӣͺҲТΣǧҩ֣ұҶŵõҲͺԵТ֮ԣ϶ںҶŵг˿ָ֮ѵѵҶţ˳
³߷ȴͲںǾѩ֥ĵĶҲǳҪõǺҶţûС
ɽ³߷ڶҲ˽ĺֱҶ÷ɫĵǷ׸³߷磬׷˵ǵľѩ֥ҽΪ˺ʵŶ֮ʲôҪˡ
Ҷ÷ȻвޣʱҲҷƢ³߷繰һ񣬹³ϣ³ֹܹòˡѩ֥ıѩڵɽȣŶɱ˱ѩлõѩ֥ͺȡþѩ֥֮󣬶Ծѩ֥Ļ죬У׿ԲŶΪѣԺŶҲ˱ᣬû뵽Źһ죬ͷˣ
˵³ϣǧҪĺж˾ѩ֥׼Тϵİ³һҪΪ׷쵱ϣóѩ֥ջ³ϣ³ƫ̻ǧҩȻòҲ˳ˮ飬Ͼ׸ϵɲ͡
³߷ֹ׷磬ĳ˼Ƭ̣ĮҶ÷䲻ȵĵô˵ѩ֥ˣ
Ҷ÷Ϣһͣҧҧ´ǡ
Ƕ˸ִһʣѾѩ֥йϣ³߷ĶҶ÷ˢһ֣ǵӾӸµҶ÷
Ҷ÷ҧҧӰнƤëצ˳̧ͷ³߷磬³ϣͷıѩɱģϵĲϣõ֤ݣҰó³Ͽ
³߷΢΢üëǸоԼȨˣ˸ΣյĹĵʾѩ֥ʱѩĲϣǲǶˣ
Ҷ÷ǿİͷ峺г˷Ȼ
֮ڲʵĴӻóǾѩ֥˿˿ҩ㴫ҲֻҪѩ֥³߷У͸ҪˣȻģΪֵܵ룬Ҳֻ
Ҷ÷׳еľѩ֥ȻһֻȵĴסŤͷȥǡÿҰ˿˿Цա
ҰҶ÷ҡҡͷϹһĨݲȵЦ⣬ֽӹеľѩ̧֥ͷ³߷磬ĵ³ǰɣɱģҲǲժģͺһӶĹϵûУѾˣ³ûҪһ˰ɣ
ڹؼʱ̣վģǷҰ
Ҷ÷߬ȭͷз˵貹âһգգŷҰвӿ
ͬʱҶ÷ҲԵǣҰҸ׸ĳ϶죬Ҫ


104 ң
³߷ˢһתҰɱȻĵ£Ҫܣʲôˣ
Ұֱ³߷˫ۣ̲ĵǺҶŵˣйأòܡ
׷ײеĨһѹͷŵĵ³ϣСӺǸռģ˵ɱǸЦ
Ұ³߷оɲ֪ǰСӾʲôôԼ˵۾ŷҰһδ
Ұб۾׷죬ĮЦЦڻҵʵ
佫ǣ˵Լɱıѩǣһɺԣ׷о³߷ٸеʮ㣬˶ֱͦһЩ
֤㿴Ұ޺ЦЦ
ô֤׷ĪŷҰЦ
³߷Ҷ÷ҲɵŷҰ֪Ҫ֤ѵȥɱһͷıѩ
Ұֲ֪ʱס˵ھƹɽХתˢһ³Ļǵĵбָ죬еЦ˿ϳĮ飬һȻ޵е͸ѹΧĻľͷ·ĺġ
Сӣǰ֣ǲҷ³߷ɫŭ˫ȶҪԷҰ֡
ҰǵâƵɨ³߷ϣŭȵԲ׸㶪ˣ
ʶ㾿˭³߷羪ɲŷҰʱϨ˳ֵ˼
Ҷ÷ҲŷҰг𾪣ڷҰԽԽ͸ˡ
Ұûʱ³߷磬ʱȫǻΪһ񵶣˵˶㣬ˢһʧԭأ߸Ծ˫ֽĻǵһֿ޵еƳ׷ŭն¡
ҵ³ϵ涯֣׷쾪ŭĴгæǹ˫Ͼ٣æӭ˷Ұĵơ
飡
ɫԪֵĻǵԵڳǹϣĽ͵ҵ׷˫Ŷ֮
ŭڣ
Ұŭڰ˷Ƶľҷ˳ŷԽԽǿеĻǵһһĳ׷նȥ
顭
ǵն׷ĳǹϣһĶǵĺ죬һλ
Ұ˫ˣڷƼķ趯缱ͽƵģһһǰƣ׷ͣɱĲݣ
꣡
ؽ׳ĳǹϴһ죬˶ŵĵɴ۾λ³ϵж˿˿
Ұٴθ߸߾ǵ̬¶һͷ޸һ޵еƺȻȥ
ۣ
ǹһΪأ׷˫ҲӦϣĻǵһ²ɵҰ׷Ĵͷȥббն
׷廩һΪ룬ӻһأһȳѪζ
׷첢δΪصĳǹ˫أЩţȻŷҰ죬ȴ³˴ڵѪ
˵ңҰĮ׷죬ѪĻǵϵ䣬һӵ߳ħ
׷΢΢죬ʲôû˵ڽĴĵȥ
Ұ͵һͿǰԾ޵еӡֳУսãֳ쳣ļž
³߷ȷӦ˹𾪵ŷҰ˿Һ
Լ׷ڵλãֵ֣ܹסҰĹƣҲЩˡҰ޵ƣ˷ʱ򣬻ǲ¡
³ϣ˼ΪСӵɱųȫﰡ˼ҳɱʱŵҲڷӦ˹׷ױʹŭָŷҰ³߷״
øҸͣ³߷ΣյŷҰҰ־ٶʵûӡ
Ѿ˾ֻҪҰһ÷ҰѪ岽㷽Ұսǿķ׸滹кü˶Ǵ佫磬ҪƷҰҲ̫鷳飡
Ұ΢΢̧̧۾ִӻͳһöӵƣ³϶˹ȥĵأӦʶⶫ
ǵ񽻸ǿƣԣƣǷ׸ϱ
ĻҰмŵģԳݣҲó
ҰãƣӦܹܵá
³߷ֽӹƣĮɨ˷ҰһۣŰĿתƵеϣտǸͼ֮³߷Ǳβ͵èƵģϻȻɫеܣôз
³߷һԷ׸ȫˣһŵĿ׷۵³߷еϣתƵҰϡ
Ϊ׸ӵܣǶʲô
Ƿ׸ĸƣֻжԷ׸޴׻߱ǳ˲Żӵƣ
٣
׸ԳͳƼָ֮ӵ߶Ƿ׸ϵ̫ϳϣֻҪ¹ط׸Ĵ£ն࣡
з׸ĶűǣҪģ£ģ²
³߷ϸϸļһ飬ȷǷæӸ߿ս𱳺˫ŷŷҰ񣬻æĵ³߷磬μ̫ϳϣϹ˹ۣ̫ϳ𷣣
³߷Щ׸ӵܣҲŷҰɫ̿֡
Ǹղŵ̬ȿ㲻ѺãְȨˣŷ׸ͷΪǰλ˻ʲôĳͷ
Ͼĸϵ̫󣬾λһŭ֮ɱǣҲû˸˵
Ψһҵǣǲδλ˶ֻ֣Ҫλ˲ɱ֮ˣӦҲʲôΣա
̫ϳϣ
Ұݣǰ湧ķ׸ˣҰҲеֵľȣû뵽񵱳͵ƣȻô
Ұִ³߷ûǿĵ֪߲Ǿѩ֥
³߷һæĵȻģɱģѾƤѩ֥ȻȫȨãͺ̫ϳϣҿѾնɱһʣЩŵˣôã

ˣǶ֪飬ȫųһģûϵ
ŹǰɣԺһٴˣ
аʮĸдӤŹҰɣ

ͺͲߣ֪Ұ֮³߷ɱȻĻʣµæģһл¶Ƶ׷ϡ
ҰҲЩСɫİ˰֣ˣѾ߰ɡ
ŵɴ⣬ǧлĵлһˡ
ҰҶ÷ɽȺҶŵȻһգգŷҰıӰеļԸӡ
ǶףΣŷҰٴվ
ͬʱҰеҲø
տõˣܹԽնˣͳؽױˣӵз׸̫ϳϵƵˣŶܣ
Ҷ÷ԣŷҰ޵ĺ촽ճһĨĵĻȣſڷҰ˯һϣϲɵøֳһĨ졣


105 ʦԲ
Ұµеķֿ̬Ⱦ޴תķ׸ˣֵûҪôнҲʲôħôġ
Ұ˵׸߲ŷ׷˿ϾնȨ˵ѹ̫ˣ
Ұ̧ͷźҶŵʾ£³߷³ϣЩҶŵˣҵѣҲϣκǹ˽顣
³߷շµֲ˰亹æģԲʮҲҰԺϵĻһᾡǷģ
Ҷŵȫ˷ܵսȭͷ²ס˾ѩ֥˷׸ôɽԺɱ޵ʱҲõöࡣ
Ұĵ˵ͷȻѯʵôˣ
³߷ǰˣҲ֪ȥʲôطˡ
Ұ΢΢ͷǸвס϶ʵʵڷ׸ģҲ֪ܵȥˡ
³߷ߵһλ׳˶һȻ̫ϳϣǲշ
Ұüë΢
ǸæЦˣ˵ڻɽʱизҰһ˳һöؾˣ
ҰȻЦЦҡ
³߷羪ɵŷҰ˼ĵ˵Ǹڵ̶̼꣬û벻㾹ȻôǿˣѹҸտʼûϳʧʧ
³߷һ÷׸˺ͺҶŵ˶õɴ۾µʱ䣬ڽ뵽ʦڣ缸磬ö츳
ҰĹ˹֣Ȼ³ϣûĻĳͲԶˡ
ҰͿƵĻ³߷ҲʶȤĹ˹֣µ˸ˡ
Ҷ÷ŸʵظŷҰЦаҰ벻㾹ȻǷ׸̫ϳϣղſˣһΪҪǸһأ
ɽҲǰҲ̫ˣôݰǣóĻﻹõ°ŵͷˡ
Ҷŵ˶˷ܵΧŷҰ̾š
ҰЦҲ֪ƾǷ׸̫ϳϵư͸Ҳû˵ֻ˵ӾǷ׸ϱʵҲûסãǶʶȻɾⲻһҵɱˡ
׸ôʶģ˵㻹Ƿ׸ô¶㵱ڣҶ÷ʳ˼⡣
ҰҡҡͷһѾҸĹϵǲţΪȷʵͦġ
Ҷ÷ڶҶŵѯ⣬Ұ˹ȥúҶŵ˸ӵ˷ˡ
ŵ׷ʬ壬ɽ̾Ϣһ۵ҡͷ˵ɱ˾ɱ˰ɣôˣǿǵؽ׳˶ûгֱء
Ұ˼ӣٺЦղ³ڳֲ֪ôǿȻ¶ѪͻǿɾͲˡ
ǹĶǴмϵģҶ÷Ƥɢȫͬûϣ޲ˣúҶŵ˸еǳĿϧ
ǳǹˣȻʧΪɽȻǹ˳׷ѹһҵһЩ޽ǡĲϣЩ龧ҵһŰɫƬӡ챦̻Ķر־ʾࡣ
ɽЩ϶һԶſƬ˳ֵݸҰˬʵĴЦٺ٣龧㣬࣬ҲһʲСĲƸʣµĶҾͲˣ⣬ôҲûȰ
Ұƴǲֻ
ָгƬ̣ҰٴҪ뿪ҶŵҲûֻء
Ҷ÷ŷҰãŵ㻹𣿡
ֻҪҲһǡҰЦŻӦ۵͸ɫȫӦþ߱ģǸɣƵġ
Ҷ÷ҰҰζһݸҰ쿾ģɽ棬Ҳ㣬·ϳ԰ɡ
ҰҲûƴǣֽ˹һۣأĿִһһɨͷҲصתȥ
ˣ͸Լ׷󣬲ܹΪһЩ¶
Ϊ;ķ羰ǰĵ·
ȻѡˣǧգҲҪӭѶϣ
ΪֵŮΪԼʵΪ˴콾Ұҧȥ
ɽ紵ҷҰ˼Լļ֣
𣡡
һ񱩵ܺŨȳһԴ˳Ұܵĳ鵶նȥһ˶ͷֱ˳ȥѣɽ֣ǳΣɽ֣ڣɲʱ
ΧɽԽԽŨܣľ죬ٴû·ߣֻҺʯϽǴӴĿϽٵĳűнš
ǰвãҰͿλиɽ΢ץסĿһԳƵģɵɽĶڣĳɽп˿
һķϵɽҲ֪ʲôʱγɵˣԼɷԲûκ޻ټ÷Ұġ
ҰߵɽƶŵһӣԪӿƽعһɻȵĿ磬ɽеĻҳ˳ȥ
ţҰֳĻǵɽгһ޴ʯͷڶס
æһУҰɽоԵ״̬
ͨԼһսĳϸ΢еʶܻûʲô谭ˣֽ˺Ҷŵ飬ķɣҲǸóʦԲˣ
ʱ󣬷Ұڽ״̬ѣĬ˾񹦣϶Լ޵еԪݿĳ澭ϸ΢ľ˹ȥ
¡¡
ԪںХǳӾ̣纣˺ХڷҰڿ񱩵תţûܵʲô赲ӿЩϸ΢ľ֮Уһһϸ΢ͨ÷Ұ嶼ڱԽԽɡ
һʱĹ򣬷Ұͽȫеľ״ͨ
ʱһƮƮɵĸоȻȫÿһë׶˿ɵĺؼ壬ϴ裬һ̥ǰĸо
ʦԲ
Ұˢһ˫ۣںڰɽз·磬סڵһɽʯ͸Ŀ׶͸һĵ⡣
ҰȭͷؼϴˢʸУɵÿЦڣȫľͨˣ
С÷ѩǧҩҺİһԶĴͨȫеľҲȷ˷Ұܴѹ
ҰƴкܴһֶǷѩ̼ģԼҲﵽز˵С÷ѩʱΪ϶ǿǷҰ˵һţһ죬ѩ
㷽ѩ壬㷽ҰͨҰĵģҲ˿ҡ


106 ƣ
дУͲͬɫľ̸ڣٴƣʵ֡
˻
һˮͰϸĽɫţ͸˿˿Ĺ
ҰһܹɫȳѪڣĳĻǵһڶŵѪϣǿƶԾĽͷβնΪƬȳѪҺһء

Ұ˿̧ͷһƬ
ϸȥҰν쳣Ǳ·ϴǸɺԵѪкü·Ѿ֪ʲô޸˺ˣ¶һİ̺ۣƮݵĺڷҲѪˮճһһ縵ģֱҰƵġ
Ұ뿪Ҷŵ߰ˣһ·ϣ뵽ɽ
ŷҰ룬ɽеԽԽŨĶҲԽԽ࣬ԼҲϮǵڼϮˡ
صһǰҰһֻСϸĺڻҧСȣǸʦޣ쳣İԵ÷ҰİӶˡҿܵķһǺڻһնɱʱڻߵߵŽҼһ
ʹҲ˰죬ڵԪǰҵĶвʳһ룬ҰʣµǼöһԶȫȥԪٴλָϾⶾеɽ֮УõװãҪȥ̫ˡ
֮УҪ巽򣬲ô׵飬Ұô죬ɽ붼û˵Ǵȥˡ
ͷ­еĽɫ˳Ұ˳ֶ뱳İУֽϵĶ١۾ۼ׵Ȳ£
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ҲҶŵ⼸ɵϰߣѺܴ󷽣ԼϵʱȴëκмֵĲ϶Ź
οҲһӵʦϵϣŻá
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ҿͷŭǴҰҪ򱱶У֮䲢ûʲôͻҰҡҡͷ׼򣬴ǰС
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һͷҰ𾪵ɽ֣գۼ䣬Ѿͷ÷Ұиеֵ𾪣Ͳﵽ׷ʲô顣
Լһٻͷʵ÷ҰЩͷԣǾʲô
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Ұ𾪣յһ˿ɻѪɫʨͰͻڵޣɫӥǸڵޣôڵĺ
ңڵɽϣнǧֻĺӺëԳΪҲﵽ𣬶ٶҲЩвʲôֵðΣҲҪǺ
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ǼëԳٵĳѪɫʨɱ˹ȥ
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Ѫɫʨŭһԭ¼ӰǼëԳİΧȦг˳ű˼ҵԳҽֻԳﱻ˺Ϊ飬ѪѪɫëϣ͸һɷϢ
ͬʱͻҲ˦˼»βߵļֻԳﶼ˳ȥǶϽۣҺ
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ΧһߣΪڼǶˣ˫ȭѵ֣Լ赲סĳɱۿһֻֻӺʵһ
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ɽԳﶼʼٵĻ۵ɽλá
ںɿʱͷҲĺⲻʱɨɽǴߣһŶ߳˹ȥ
ҰԶŵһ㴼˵ζδŵľ㣬ͷԶЩģƺһ㡣
˦˦ͷҰԺкȻӿֳһͷѵǴ˵п׾ϴĺ
²÷Ұг˾ϲ²棬˵ʲôҲҪŪ
ڴʦԲ磬ܹ׾ϴ裬ܹ׵ĽڵԪΪΪ佫
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һУȫû˺֮Ƶģͷһգײеĳ׷ɱ˹ȥ


107 ٴͻƣ
ѪɫʨͰͻԷһʵתȫͬķÿ೯ɽڶԳȥ
ֻ۾ӥ˸£˫һչٳŶ߳˹ȥ
ӥͷոհڣֻѾھӥһ۾ӥıϣ͵Ľӥ뵽ɽ֮Уʯͷ䡣
ӥ˼£δĹֵˣһ˾ӥһֻϣҶˣʹľӥҽ
Ƹףצסӥͷ­һŤ޴ӥͷ˦Ǹ֮С
ں۾ӥʱѪɫʨͰͻҲ嵽ɽҪڶӺ¾
䣡
Ⱥĺ¡촫ʨͻǿƿ͵ںӺϣӺܵĽɫ׽Ĺжȥ
ѪɫʨͰͻһۣͫг𾪺ţʱ˾ӥĲҽͷȥǡüӥɱһĻ
޷úӺǣƺƲסڴȥľˣ
ѪɫʨͰ쵻Էһͺͬķ˹ȥ
޼ǣ̤գʨڵķ׷ȥ
Ӻɽȥ׷ɱȥˣɽʱԵ쳣Ŀյ
ҰüͷŶɽɽǸߣй⻪˸
Ѿˣ׻ûʣģеĻǿðһԣûУǰðˣҰͷת
һ˲䣬ö⣬¶һĨᶨ
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ʱȣҰҲ˿ͣһƵĴɽƮĺɽİɽϢû뵽Ƕ֮С
кͶȫͬĸогŨľ㣬ȷҰԶŵģǿ˰ٱֹ˴Ρ
Ұ˷ܵ촽ǺƣӦûʣһЩ
ƣǿǴ˵еĶҪóɰǧֵɣѰ˵췽ʧˣдǿź˵ҲΨѪпܴѪ֡
벻ɽ֮УȻҰˣ
ʮɴСɽɽǸĽ˿̾͵ĳѨƾǺƽϢĵط
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Сصĺƣаɣ
Ұй⻪ҿ˿οɾͿˣ
ôõĶŪߣģ
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ҰһҺƵһھͳĳ嶯
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ӺɽҰƬ̲ͣһ·򶫣ɲҾűǰһ׷ϣʮģ
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ԶִһıҰףͷʰ쵵ͻҲɵˣ
ֻҪһɽܹԣȻϢǺҲһЩһ׷ԼϢѰٶȣɾֻеķݶˡ
Ұһ·ʮǰһ޴ĺ붼ûȥúˢԼϵϢסȫëףɺԼΡ
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ûãҰԼеλãаһң˺УϴȥϢͱɵˡ
ƯƬ̣ҰæϰΪ˰ȫҰֻһ·ϴǼ·ƿռ֮УĨ˺ۼ
ѱǺᵽ鿴ҰҲڰ߾ٶȳ򱱷
ڷҰߺ󲻾ãȻƬ˫Ѫ죬˳źһ·¡󻹴һȺĺӺܿ죬Ͼռ˺Ӻ
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Ѱ˴޹֮ΧնͷֵȷѪ꣬õΧǧ޶ϻ̳Ͽ֡
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ҰһһƿУƿдһɹ˴εľ㣬װģǺơ
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Ұڹһںƣһ˲·𳢵ǧζ˳ɤ۶һ·뵽˸Уˬޱȡ
Ȼһ;Ȼ˳һԶӿ뵽ͷУ÷Ұ۾ж¶һ˿顣
ţҰһůӴϢҰһϲѸ˹Ǻæ񣬱˫ĿԪվƵ·ϲתӴ˳ž뷽ҰѪںһ
ţ
ҰȻһƺֱӿ뵽Ĺ֮У·趼ϴһƵģ˿˿ɫ˳žë˳ȥ
ϴ裡
Ұ༸ںƣƵӡһ˿ӴϴȫĹ裬ÿһζɫʡ
СƿʧڷҰеʱ򣬷Ұٸȫһᣬʵһ㣬ɢŵӫ⣬͸һɹǿŲ
ѻԺҰˣƾŹѪܣڼ˵ʱھܹ׵Ļָ
Ұ㣬ڵԪžƹ·ߺХתенЩ仯𣬽ɱΪ̬ȻǺдɫɫʹϣȫͬ
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
佫ڣ
źƵҰٴͻƣ̤뵽佫ľ磡


108 
ͻƵ佫磬Ұδ˫ۣĬƵӡƹ֮С
Ǽصɫ˿¸ԺУصĹ켣ϵţУһɫӻгҡͷβݺΡ
󣬳ɫɫɫ̳Ʈݶ鶯ߣơ
Ұ˫ͷü͸˿˿ɫĹ⻪ӳյƤӨ͸һƵġ
һ볯һڵճײ˹ȥһʱ𵴣顣
ء
һ쳹أһֻɵצԾ˺磬ӻдܳһ˸
죡
ɫֵʱ򣬷Ұиֳ·ߣϸ΢ӵķܡ
ҰѾڵоͨ·߸ոĵףڵ·߾Ѿ֮ˣϸ΢ӦĸٶҲٴӵĶࡣ
Ұˢһ˫ۣ³һ
˾ƹ֮󣬶ٶȣ屶
ľƹɱ׹ˣ
ҰоտտϹһĨЦݣһж÷ǰţһ죬ƾԼʵȥѩܷܷ
ϴ󣬿Цôǲ뵽ʲôˣǷڷҰԺ
ҰЦݽӲϣͷߣһ֣ȳСӸѾͿʼˣСҰƨɴ򿪻
ĵϴ벻㾹Ȼϼһ˳ôͻƵ佫ľ硣۸¸£ˣСأ
ҰŨüȻĵһţȻˡ
Բۣļٵģɵһ鵱˳г𾪡
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ҲͨˣȻŶҲԣ˾ȵ߾磬ٶȸӡҲһɵĻᡣϴϴһ󾳽磬ֱܹ̫ҳˣ۸¸£ҿյʲôսƷ
һӣ;ϲļ˳ƣģȻǺƣ
Ұʼ磬һͿ˺ƣǱؽмδֻεĵǿɲǴŪģðΣգӺɽ͵ġϣ͵õһؽмĳϵȸӡˣ̫ϧˡ
¸£ô˵ѾǵˣУҵó黶ȸԾ
ҰһΣԴõСʱ𣬻ĵϣӵԼʶȻһλͷм䣬ȴδӵκεо䣬ȫǸСƢ
Ҳãֵ֮Ƶģͬʹ࣬Ҳ̸ܹһЩ
Ļ䣬Ұ͸оһȣһɫ⻪ĴܳǰΪһɫĹţϻŸʽ̬Գ̧ɽչΡ׻һɽ顭
ǻı壬һʵɫʶջ˵ʵҰмĹҰӵ㹻ΪĻܹû
ȻѾӻɽˣԺҲҪ֣ʲô޺أҿɲٱ඾ˣһ硣ֹš
ҰһۣѵɽϴޣǧˣȻֵó˯ˣﶾＫ࣬ûǱɸɣߡ֩롢Ыӡ桢ܡȵȣԼİɣȳɽٵɪɣڰǱҪ
ıһζȻЦûצӵ̫ˣ֩צ̫̫࣬ˣģҲûʲôġٺ٣ϴʵҪǣұЩɽͬ޶ָܹӣеΣоûôǿˣΪɲŶ
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ϸ˼һҰŻЦȻСӾͱٶȿݰɣƽʱҪ֣һʲôΣգֵҲˣǧҪɷЩرݣ̫۵ĻĽడ
ҲôģȽ׸ߵҲܹóġҪٶȣ棬ѷħӥٶȼĶˣҲ쳣ײУ㲻ʲôݣҾͱѷħӥɣֻƬɽ̫СˣǳȥٱɡЦһȻײڣ˳ȥ
Ұɽг˳ոմƲ˳΢Щ⣬ıǰʮ⡣
ֻһãɫ⻪ȥһֻʮɴСӥڲϣͶ´Ƭơ
ֻӥһڵĹ⻪ڵë͸һŨħԣͷϳһ߳ķǣһĨĻȣܹնˣҲһɱ˺Ѵޡ
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ҰȵŻ飬ͷףԿˣ
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ҰЦЦСӿɲܺȶˣǺȶˣ׾ͻġ
֪ϽɣҶȲˡ˫˷ܵĴߴš
ҰǾܣȻŷóʢ˺Ƶƿݸ顣
æӹ̵ƴһڣ˳ˡ
ҰóǰЩԼտҰζһԺû鶼޲ڣܴʳһپ͸ȫˣ÷ҰЩơ
Ĵ󲿷ʱ䣬鶼ڸ߿з裬ҲΪɡɷҰɽΨΣգŻڵһʱ丩£ŷҰٷߣȷҰˣͼβˡ
ɽж඾ϣŨʱ򣬸ֶУΧνΣءҿҰﵽ佫壬дӦڰжܵһʱӦ޵Ŀ⣬ٵȷķӦ
ҰҲɣкüλǳ˸ҿûѷħӥٶȹ죬ǲյıܹ˼Σ
εĴվҲ÷Ұȹ佫ڣ׵ˣҰսҲڿٵţãҲ˸̵˽⡣
º󣬷Ұݴɽɽһ⡣


109 Ⱥ
һΰľ޳ǺبǰǽߴأʮɸߣǽӽµĲɣУƻֺ꣬һ̾ᣬ𺳡
ʯ·ϣһϮµķҰһͷ׺ѷħӥУͷҲ΢΢˾Өĺ飬ѷħӥõ·ƵƵĿ
͸ξûҪ˶Ŀ
Ұͻ飬һ佫ǿߣһޣֻҪǿĻ¶ʵ֮󣬻ûʲô۵ǡ
ǸΨ磬ֻҪʵǿŻӮñ˵ء
ѷħӥ˫չʱнʮɴС£˫ҲнɸߣʵݣҰһΪעĿ
ߵĽˣڿ˳Ϸ֣Ρ
һ͵ĳУһͨҪӵ˿һ򣬳ſڵȺԴŸʽķΣˣʦӵܣһ㡣
ɽɽ졣
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ѷħӥȺĿж¶ηɫҲ˵̫Ծ
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˴Ȼڷ׸ĵ̣ڳŴŷ׸ĵ̲·ˣǼȡǷá
Ұδʾֽ˿׾ŻѷħӥС
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Ƕ֮ǰͻƵ佫磬˲ţԺĳɾͣ
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˭һһ˻֮磡˵ɷлɷ˷⿡һ˶ս佫մݶˡˮɷ˺쳣ֵ֮٣˶쳣ļɵҲǸΣ
ͷеǿߣһЩɽҰеˣǵĴҲС˭ǿ˭ҪĶԾ
һǿձҪǿܹ˽뵽콾УУ콾
٣˵ʲôصķӡɶˣǿ߶˹ȥ˵ͷ˸˹ȥƾ콾Ϲȥģ˴֮϶гͻ˭ǿ˭ʱȻзڴ
ÿαسֵ÷зʮ߰˴ζǿյģֵöô󣬽½еǿ߶ˣҪǸٵģǿɾӴˡ
ӦòᣬȷбسͷҲǲôǿߵģ˵ǿ߶˲٣Ϣм١

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ЩǿߵײҲ÷ҰѪڣѾ˸һ̵ʵҲеҪҸִսһ
ѩܷܷ˵ҰҪҪȴ½ӱ
Ҫ½ӱֻһڶŵҫϣܶ½һ˵Ĺڣӱ
Ȼ󣬾Ǵ콾
ıأҰҲմ֡
ϾǿƼĵطѪսЩջ񣬻пܻϳ񣬶ǰ콾ķҲƫ벻󣬵ǿȥ
ǰ֮ǰҰȻҲҪЩ׼Ҫ巽λԼʲôյĵطҪ׼һЩرϺ¯ȵȡΨн¯ϣܹԼϸӵľܹƳһЩԼΪĵҩ
Ұ˷ǮŻ˳ȥѰ˸ԺӵĿջס鶪ԺУִƿռȡһĶһٴ߳š
ҪԼȥһЩЩʱҪݣȷʺûš
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ҰļЩϸ΢ı仯ǸĹӸ
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Ұɨһۣ΢΢Щȣ͸˿˿ľԹҲ˵˾Ǹĸ֣
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ƿռд󲿷ֵĲ϶˳˵ƿռΪӶøˣЩûʲôãƿռжҲۣ
ҰóЩط費üͷȻмϵĲϣǴ󲿷ֶЩͨĻɫҲĶСӸòǴɽĳİɣЩˣ
ǿ˺طɫҰ뻳óһƿķϣĵ
طɻùƿ˳ִƿǣʱŵһƢľ㣬΢һ£ȫһʧƣ


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طյƿǰϸţ¶һ˿ɫ˫Ŀʵλӣ֪ƳۼΣ
ҰŨü΢źط裬ЦЦĵںƵļֵغػ᳤Ҹɣ챦̻»ŵùģػ᳤۰ɡ
طƬ̣ƣӵ׾ϴЧãؿҲżѵЧܹǿʡһƿƣһأƷҩļֵ¡ңƵ䷽ʧ½ǧ֮δ֣νмСҿԳһһʮ׾֪λΣ
ҰȻ֪󣬵Ҳû뵽Ȼô
һһʮ׾
ѻƶҪΪһСɽˡ
ҰϾҲǾ˵ܿƽףи챦̻Ļһ׾ܹüֵһ࣡
ֻǣҪʱ䣬лиʮһĹأȻ龧ڶ٣ǷҰȡ
Ǯ̫࣬ԷҰ˵ͱ˸õ֣绻һЩмֵƷʺʵǵһҪ񣬷ҰȻ˷ʱȴ
ӵƣҺطļ۸Ҳм΢һҰ΢£ܺãһһʮɣ
طЦĵҪ龧ǽ龧龧У
龧ɡҰĵ
֪Ƿ챦̻龧ҿԽ龧ֱӴ龧Сطѯʡ
Ұ룬뻳УʱѾһŰɫ龧ǵš
طӹҰеĹ龧һҪҡ
Ƭ֮󣬺طŶ룬е龧ѾɫģֵݸҰЦѾˡ
Ұӹ龧һۣصı־Ƭʾһ֣һһʮǧ
Ĺ龧ӵǧ׾һֱûʣµĶʮ龧龧ϡ
ط̵Ľ˿Ұֵ챦̻У龧龧ɫģӡԼеľӡǣֻҪ˲˾޷򿪡ȻǷӡԵľӡǣȫƾ˾
Ұɫ΢뵽˴ؼҳõɫ龧ܶԷû¾ӡǣԷѾ龧Ҳױ֮
ҰʵӡӡǵĻӦô
طܸɴĵҪ˿ԼǵǼǣԽһƾӡӡ龧С
⵹Ҳѡ
ҰӦһƾӡӡɫ龧У̸ŵʱ򣬷ҰڵҰˡ
ط˻᳤ô꣬ĴŶȥˣҲû¶̫ȵ飬Ұ˵Ϣ¼
Ұʲôʵػ᳤⻹м龧ܷе龧ת뵽龧У
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Ұ˵ͷĿϵڶɨЦػ᳤˵ʲôôϣǻû̸۸ء
طЦЩ޲УΨϵĲϻֵǮģϡƽֵ׾ںƵķϣ򡣽龧ɣҽ龧ֵת㿨С
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ʲôطȻܹóֶõĶӦҲʲôѰ֮
һϵȵ¯һͶľöѪݡ񾫡ѩΡƲݡҶԽԽáҰһԶı˴ҩ֡
طŷҰɫ΢΢ЩȣһƷԪͶƷĲϣѵ㻹Ǹʦ
ҰÿɷЦЦʼ磬ֻǶȤѣЩϣ챦̻жаɣ
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طйһŮڷԸȥȻָᵯһɸߵϽɫ¯ǰ
ռָҰźطʳָϵһɫָгŨ𾪡
Ǵ˵еĿռָһڶûһö̶ȣ֪
Ͻͭ¯ڵؽ׸߼ܹԸĿƻ¶ȣܹסǿĸ¶κε⣬ĳַ˵ĳɹҲЩӳáطĽ˵Ұʵ֮С
ҰԵͷ¯Ƿǳģлźطöռָ
ʱ䲻ϵͼֵϽͭ¯һ𣬹ʮǧ߰ٿ׾ڷҰǺƵķϣֻҪʮ׾Ϳˣ﷽Ұʡ˽ǧ׾÷Ұǳ⡣
ȵط轫ʱ򣬷ҰҲɵ΢΢죬Щ϶ѻռԲһѣиɸߵϽͭ¯ôණɲá
ȻҰƿռܹװôණȴڴʱá
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ѹһڶûһöܹ𣬹ҲỨôİ׾һЯĿռָ
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Ĵֱʰ
ط谵һİŷҰ˸ҵЧʸߵס
Ұһƾӡڴָϣ΢ͽϵϽͭ¯϶˽ȥ
ɫƬ˲ˮɶʮ֣Ұ̾Ϣһ龧ÿ죬ȥҲ죬ЩǱƷѴ龧ҲֵٱһѵõĶࡣ
֮ʱҰѯ˾䣺ػ᳤֪Ǳصľλã
ϣǺط边Ȼ˽ļ˵ǰħλǧ⣬ǡڷ׸󡢰츮ɷ㴦ħɽ֮Уǵ½еĸǿȫ˹ȥ
Ұų貵â벻ֵ÷зıأȻǷħһǸ
ҰиӵĻˣȲҪħڣϻŷħһƬͼʱ򣬻벻ķ֣


111 ħɽ
زãԭһ޼ʡ
ݣ
֮һӥ䣬һͷӴѷħӥ۵糸ķɹңңȥѷħӥϻһλ꣬˲ϢԶȥ
ǷҰѷħӥȻǻˡ
γһ죬ħϢ֮󣬷ҰʹŻѷħӥ뿪γǣķħӡɶѷзĺܾã˵ʲôʱͻˣɲһԵ
ѷħӥٶȾˣγǾһ·ۡ
ɽѷħӥҲʡ͵ĵƣһ·ڵļɹȺɽкüζǳ˸ɽնѷħӥԾ˵ٶȰȥ
ҰտȻǰħɽѷħӥĲӣյͼϵļأԽƬ嫻ԭ͵ƬħɽƬħɽλ㴦߻ӣħ϶лսʱ¡
ݣ
ӥ죬ѷħӥȻ٣ͷ­Ǹǿٵ˺Ѱеǿ磬һӰʧߡ
ħɽԲһ㵭ĺɫɽʯڣԴ֦ҶںҲ쳣Ļ谵Ӵɽжһ㸯ϢԵ쳣ţ·ɽжûһƵġ
ħ̾꣬һΪ½ʥأ峯ݣʢһʱ
ϧǿҲ˥ܵһ죬һǰħ֪ιʣǵ½Χʢ˥
գħеļλԪϴķȫħͬɽӡ
Ӵ֮ħɽͱһʵħɽϾ롣
׸󡢰츮ɷͷҲҪ򿪷ħķӡȴûκνչǹǿķӡ˲ǿߣҲֻ÷βܡ
Լǧǰħķӡڳɶżķӡ΢ɼ˶ûС׸󡢰츮ɷҲǲڼǿߣǣѰԼܹȥЩڸ޷룡
ǽеĹؼħӡйأǷħѰҴˣΨʮµǿ߲ܹУ˲ò̾Ϣ
Ҳǿǰħõ౦
׼ħ׳ʱ벻鷢ˣº󣬷ħ˥ķӡɲǼ価ԭδǿȫӡڡ
ǿ߶УȻȻ뾡˰취ϧȴͬݺ޷ħķӡһμǿ߾ɱںܳһʱڶδ
ֱǧ֮󣬷ħķӡٴγɶ½ǿ߶ӵȥ֮󣬷ǧ֮ǰ˹Ȼĸɸɾ
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źڴǣħļδ䣬ǼеĶıأ
ļοУӷħдŲͼ˵ͼָıڣδģѪղͼ䲻
񣬷ħķӡɶõͷȫסˣеǿ߶˹ҪΪԴ
Ҳܹλǿߣ佫ǿߣҲвϱػڷħڴһǱԼǿõıŻ˵
ħǼеıأǱĸõ˵ͻǸһԾΪ
һǿߵʢᣡ
ֻҪħУͱȻᷢѪͻ½ž޵ǿ߽ײõĻ𻨣
ҰԺеϢĻѷħӥһһӥħɽٸȥ
ƽʱħɽ쳣ţһֻѻûκεޱߵƵġ
ڣǧɽٴвʱӹһӰеǼԦŸַеǿűշ裬еֱշУ˵Ϣ쳣ǿ󣬿νǿƼ
ŷУ·ɽеԽ࣬Ϊ͵Ķʦ磬󲿷ֶ޷еɽпٵŷħڵλǰţﲻ
Ұɵ࣬ħԶԤϣ˲ǿ߶Գʮ꣬Ƕ׼Ⱥ棬ɱǿߵ
ȻҰɫһԶ
ɽĸ߿Уһ޴ĺɫڰУдһɹɿֲĺ嫲·Ǵǹϵ´һ㣬͸һԵĲ˲ĸоصĺ嫡
ȻǷħķӡڡ
ڷҰܵǹɲʱ򣬺ȻоǱƵģ֮У·ҪѹƵģ߶ڵ΢ù˵ǹѹڣңſԽԽǿ
Ұɫ΢΢ħɿֲȻнֹеЧ
Ļѷħӥɾûжôˡ
Ҳܵɺ嫵Ĳȶ¸Ƶ˫ᣬŷҰ͸ܵһȣһصӿ뵽ڣĵħƻջΧ˽򣬲ΰĻǰκö𲻵
ҰŨü¶һ˿ϲ⣬ֺ嫵Ĳ쳣ǿҲշС벻ȴ޷ԻκӰ죬Ļͻȱ˸ռƣᵽҲΧˣܹ֤ȫˣ
ҰЦһָŻ鳯ɽٵĿ
ΧзеӰԽԽٵʱ򣬷ҰҲʾһɽпٵĴߣŷħӡڵλø˹ȥ
ĵķɽȥ֤Ϊʸ֮ģ
ƣȻҪڹؼʱ̶ãܷӳЧ
ħķӡڿٵıֻҪܹ˽Уһʱ䣬ҰӿȺٳŷħ
ɽڵԶԶûڸ߿շеٶȿ죬¹Ҹ߿յʱ򣬷ҰǾ޴ĺɫи
⣬ɫиĺλѱռݣ׿ԽˣһЩǿļɵǿԼǿߵȵȣһ˴˽̸š
Щ˿ǺƵģҰȴףÿĿκĻᶼŹҪ棬еαװ˺飬һΨͼ˴֮ȻѪɥ
ħķӡɶһʱ䣬ȻŲǿﲻĸȵӡɶǿߵٻҪ༸
ʱ򣬽һѪɫʢۣ


112 ڻӵ
Ҫʮ֮³Ϊ½˵ȻǲܣҲǷëǰĴڡ
ÿһηħҲֻˣҪ佫ǿߡÿһﵽ佫ǿߵ˲Ŀ
Ͼħ֮Щ佫ǵľ֣ǰ˽˶ֵڷħϣҲܹ
ҰѷħӥһȻȻеǹǿߵƣҲǵֻܹ˷׷תͷ
ಣ
һƿһɻȵʹУһ⣬˲䵽˷Ұǰ
ҰüëһüһһӰɫϸͻأĳڰУǵײһ
䣡
ԭرһɺ嫵ĲǷˮһ㣬˷ٵӿȥõǴصＱæɢ
ףСӣе㱾¡һ
Ұˢһתͷ­絶Ŀһǰһͷİ꣬Ƶߣǹһ˿Ц⡣
ǰӡŸصı־ľˮͼһȼŵĻǰֱ־Բ״ڻϷ
ɷˣҰ΢³˴˵ݣкâӿ
ɷ½Ҳһĳǿ˿ҷҰ鷳Ծÿ˳ӣиֳֻĽ̸š
ףǻķ⿡Ǹͷ˭
˭֪Ǵĸɽĳģôʹﵽ佫磬ҲǸţ
ŵҲҪܳɳУСʲϧȴ˷⿡⿡ˣСӸҸۣƻڷħС
ߣҿСħȥ˷⿡֪ôģ

˷׷׵ţǿҰοҪùˡ
佫ǿ߶ĿĸӦ쳣УҰεɱ⣬÷⿡Ҳо΢΢䡣
⿡񵱳ŷҰʢ˵ĵʲôһ㻹Ҷֲɣ
ˣ
Ұ̤һǲǵͷ˶еϢһͣ·ס˺Ƶģ겻Ծĵһ
⿡ǸоʱѿȻͣǿȫΪӲĿסһ̧ҪҰǿѹȥ
Rॣ
ǵʣһƥ˲ӷҰ͸ڰлһɫĵâ⿡
ɴ࣡䣡һǰ
һ򵥶ֱӣνûκα仯ȴɣƺı裬̺ɽ鱬ɽӣ
⿡ˢһ³һ̧߳ͷӭУͿ˷Ұ
һ־ջصļһǧӵĺһֺһ赲İԵ
ڷҰУ⿡ԼӰ·綼ѾӷҰʧӷҰͫ׵ӰпԼϵľ顣
ˢ
Ұз·һεĵ⣬ӷҰֱУ⿡ͻȻӿֳһɵӵս˲Ҫǰ̤Ųĳź̤
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ڷ⿡δ֮ʣҰĻǵȻӼɽХ֮飬˷⿡·ÿһҪȫΪֿɽѹ
⿡һ־飬֪ӦöȫӷҰǿһҲδؽӲ£
ڣսѾһԾصĵ֮У
⿡ݺҧҧԼеĳϲһɫĽҪʹ·Ұ

촫ԵĻǵһһǰƣǲĳ£һǶ⿡ļϣѪ˷⿡һ
ɱҰ˫гɱ⣬ϼϷһŨĺɫ÷⿡еĳٴοѪȪˮӿ˳Ⱦ˷⿡ǽ׵
ķչԶԶ˵ԤϣҰһ֮˷⿡Χ۵˶ĵɴ۾ŵŷҰ
һӻ󣬵ɷôǿߵ͸ҳ֣÷⿡Ѫָ֣Ϊ˳һʱ֮죬׵ɷֵ
ʵҰˣＫ⣬ǿ߶޷շУѷħӥκӰ죬Ȼ޷ɷôսҪȫˣӦҲ󣬴˾Ͳμηħ֮ˣ
СȻӷ⿡󴫳һŭĴһϵȻԾ𣬻ִһŻ𱬵طģ۳һ޴ĻɫƣһֲֿŷҰȻ¡
ϼһӦùһӿ񱩵ŭžһ죬һ˸׵ĵȭͷƾճ֣Ȼֻ޴ơ
䣡
һ춯صĺ¡촫׵ȭͷǿƵĽǻƺ飬Ȼĺߵϣһͷ˳ȥ۵һһѪ
ȭཻĺ嫲·ԭعһ쫷磬ԶǶöᣬҰͷ⿡׵壬ֱӱӴųźƷɡ
飡ҰصѷħӥıϣаϧղŲͰǷ⿡ˣû뵽ȴϼһ˾֡
ɷ֣޹Ұ뵽ֵˣ·ϸӦһϤϢͷȥɵ΢΢£¶һĨϲɫ
һ׳˶꺺΢Цüһµ׵ӡǣ˸ŵ׹лһĨŨŨ𾪣ǵڻɽλԲĳ
⿡һ˿⣬ָŷҰλʦ壬ɱ

ɷ˺ȻӿεҰͳ
ԶЩ׸Ҳ˴˴飬𶼳ˣæ˹վ˳󷽣˫
һλü۳һзİ׷ڶеһͷȳŵȻһ٣Ѻڵӿ絶Ŀֱӳ𣬺ʵʲô˼ȻΪһ֪СǿͷߣţҲôģСӵɷɷҲưոݣ
ֶĿĻص˹ȥӵĵţ֮ǻͷȴ;֣˹أȡԹˣλСѣ˭ҶҾ˭
ǸŭߣȵСӵɷնˣ㴦Сӣɷս𣿡
δ˵һſԶ˽ţҲÿսŻˡճĽͰѻˣҶ׸ϧһս
Ұ¶һĨЦ⣬ôŵϤҰ֪˭ˡ
Ȼתͷȥͼһڷٵΰ󲽶˸˿˿׹⣬лˡ



113 籩ǰϦ
ȻôĿ˲ܲʣֱҰߣصķҰļ򣬹ЦҰ벻ܹ㣡
ҰЦŵһ£ֱ
˰֣ȻǷʲôƵģһӵɴ۾ҰϸϸĴһ𾪣Ǽ˹Ƶģ˼ĵͻƵ佫ľ磿
Ұʼ磬ǰøոͻƵ佫硣
һżûҰʹˢһ±佫ˣӰתأԲŵŷҰԸп
Ұֳų˹֣һ񣬵лϳˣ
нĳɾͣǳҵԤ֮⣡һҲȵŷҰ˿Һ콾µʱ䣬ͻƵ佫Ұٶȣ׸Ҳһ
񶼸ϲϣ
űһߣŭʢҲЩɲ
Сӻʲô鲻ɣ
ѵǳİ֣
£Ҳʾųȳ㻹湻ŵģɷսСӵʲôˣ
һЦţз˵ʲôˣ
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˶һԷ׸ͳľָ벻ȴڷҰϳˣʵ𾪣
ϸ˵ҰǷ׸̫ϳϣλȳҪһЩ
ѹַ׸˻֣һôǿƣ
˶ɫŹֵŷҰкεºܣܹõ׸ķѵ½ĳĴ
ŵɫ粻ʲôⲻźۼĴһɫӰɨ촽΢΢˼£ɫ΢
ȾѪķ⿡ɫ쳣ѿŷҰɭȻĵʵʵڷ׸ıӻ֮°ɣȽħֱ㣡
ҰվѷħӥϣϾĲ»ǵϵѪҺб۾ŷ⿡ĵҪսھս˭Ҫ˰æ˭ث֣
⿡ɫ£ղŷҰһ˼̵ӡ󣬸ͷȾѪҪսĻƾԼѹ׵ֶΣҲмְա
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Ҫֻ̣ɨأһ䣬ʮɻɵķɵƿնȻɢ˷˷ӿѷħӥ
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Ŀӭ洵÷Ұͷ±һƬӶ˫ᣬסǵΣҰſھȻڰУ
ҿѷħӥһģڻˤĽų찡
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ߣ뿪˵ҰĻѷħӥĲ˫һչٵĳԶ


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ԶȻвǿڿٵĸԽԽǿ߶ڳƻۡ


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ڴе佫ԲǿߣûС
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117 ħ
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ڲɫĻ˲䣬жȻʮۻ˵۾ͨһƬʮӰһ̰ץЩ
Ұס궯΢΢ĿһգգĶųУδڳ֣ĬƵӡŴ־ȵľ硣
Ϳ˰еǱɫħûаܹжħղѾð츮ȫǺɫħذϻĵĿҲһգգĶŰеǱɫħǺɫħ֮ؽΪ𱬵ᣡ
ĻƣʮӰǰֺĻӶſѸĳȥϣд˶ǰ಻סе̰ǱɫħϮȥ־ٵĶࡣ
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ǽķ񳤽ԼǸѪƵҲ߰ᣬ쳣Ļ𱬡
ҰĿ⼸һɨ˫ĶǱɫħԼʵҲֻܶһ
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ҲһһϮɫװɿٳذϻĵȭͷϷ𵭵Ľɫâһɼƿذϻصȥ
ذϻĵӿֳһĨ׺ݣѸٵڱ۳Ƭ
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Ұջǵ˲նٵΧȻֳһƬ𺣣ؿӰǧء

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ʱ򣬷ҰŷӦ˹ղַΧһֱδĵӰ벻Ȼʹ˳
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ҰŨüбһĻڻǵĵϣϵļãƳĸߣɫħϡ
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ҰĿ⿴򵶱һͷѻɽͼϷӡĸħʮĴ֣ħ
ڷҰľѪħʱȻԼԺǶЩʲôħһƵģһܹʱ쳣ϲ
ҰħŵϵǹһǰİԼĵưϣӶܹ˺죬һ뵶׵Աߵһʯһĵۡ
õҰѿڶϳ˳Ц⣬ħ֣Ǹ佫Բǿ潻棬Ҳ壡
ǵ٣Щۣõ˱ȻǵǿħҰеһ˿Ҳһɨ⡣
Сӣ㾹ҵѪŭȳ
ɱǱħֻ֮ذϻ˫ͨ죬ҧгݣŭߣнɫսңָҰ
ʱҲԱ˵ȥ⣬˿ѾϣĳǸѪɫҲֱ佫Բǿ߶ȥ
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˶ڣҲ˸ȥ鷳õֲ֮Ұеĺɫħ
Ƭ֮üë΢΢ЩɲҰס׼ȥɣɫħǾͲλˣߣȥ׷ɱˣ
ȵ죬תͷҰ¶һĨ˼ɫ˵ͷ˹ȥ츮ļ˶ٵĸȥ


118 ȸ
ɱֻǸ佫СѷħӥܹУǱħŰ츮뿪ذϻϳ˿ϲŭųŷҰȥ
ڴеǿȫкųŷҰɱ˹ȥݺᣬһʱɱڡ
ڵѪ֮󣬷Ұľȵ״̬ͽʧˣڣܹĽΧθԺһҰͿǵĶ켣
ҰЦһۻӿħ֮Уʱһ޴ĺںɫӵһŨϢնһƿ졣

صնϮڶϣһĶ죬ٱնһȱڣȻǵЩУҲǵؽױȴħĵûͳ𻵣ħǿۺ졣
Ǿȵǣ壬佫ڵǿ߲ӵеֶΣҰħֱܹõ壬ôӣⶼħˡ
ߣסһҰԦŻѷħӥĴӴſڷɳ˫һչӭ簿裬֮ϣ˦
˵佫ԲǿҲܹڿз裬ܹѷħӥٶƵķϵݱȣ
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ѷħӥմӴгһɳʱô˶ֹͣ׷ϣɫʵŸ߿еķҰŭ
ذϻĿɲ׷ײеŷҰˢһ³һƵķٵĳϸ߿գԷҰ׷ᡣ
ӻûˣҰһ߸еħ
뷽Ұͨ˫Ѹ£࣬һͷذϻĳ˹ȥ类ͷϵиѳ룬ϴ
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ذϻĵӿֳһĨȫû뵽Ұѷħӥ£û뵽ҰŴƾܹӳôǿʵĸܣܵҰһ
·ͻȻ޿ɱܣ
ذϻļʱĻӶеĽɫս꣬սϲһɫĹӭҰİԾһ

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ҰеħնǱɫսϣ˵ѹħϣذϻڰ޴ҰѹѸٴӸ߿ճ·䡣
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ذϻĽµǸӹ⻪࣬Աɢ롣
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ذϻĴæӶסΣڴӸ߿׹ȥӶŤҧгݵĶŷҰ
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תĻᣬذϻڿҰѷħӥϣеħȻʧ˫ֽ֮ʳһŰƴСĻ档
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ذϻĶ˴õñҪ׷ɱҰЩǿ߶ȴ쳣ɵɽֵּķҰ
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ҰҲͷӦ£ϻѷħӥıϣɽּ


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أӡ˽꣬ȫеķӡܹӡеĴҲȡߣڳܲס·µһ˲䱬˷档
Ұ΢΢һѹûʲôԭ֮ĴȫµΪ˷棡
ҰԦѷħӥڷϿһȦδκмֵĶͨ飬һһӥʧԶ
죬ҰɽּûѰŻԵ⼸նɱɻħ°ֻħ֮ɻħ޷ݣֻҪħУȫħħɣħ˽ӵ̣սҲõ˼
ħ֮⣬ЩɱľӰ似ˣȻӰĵȽײߣɱȴСһܽһֻɻħ̵ûɢ
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ѹδ׸ɷκһˣԭǸǴصϿˣ


120 ϵ
Ұڷħеô˽⣬Ű츮еһҲʡԼײòʲôô
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Ұںİ˰֣ˣҲõħҲûԿҲطϡ
ǸΨ磬ֻҪӵǿʵͻӮñ˵𾴡
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Ұʼ磬ģɵĵ˷ͨ鵤⣬Ψ𾳽޲ܹԣ㿴һ𾳽ĸ𣿡
Ҳԣһͷ𾳽ޣҲħΪȻĵͷЦ
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ҰԵ˵ͷħǷƻ۵ϿķӡŷħҪĴƵҲӦвٵĸǿ䣬ЩǿߵĲͲսҲһ˿еģҪϲеĴڣҪĺá
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˵ԸƣͬţͬĿĶְ
Ұվ룬ִ˵ִЦλ˵ɣǵĹͬɷ˶ԹʱȷŷţԺȥɡ
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ԶЦɫŷҰеԹΣɫЩ԰ףǷҰµļ
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122 ذ
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ǧ꣬ʱ츮ռϷ磬ʱɷԾһʱʱ׸ѹƵ̧ͷ˭Ҳ޷
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츮ƴʱ򣬷׸ɷͻĬֿ츮ƣ׸ǿʢʱ򣬰츮ҲɷִѹȻԶ˽ǵʱ˵˭Ҳκβ˭ȴʱʱ̶̿δѹ
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ңذҲܷģŸҳŷҰ
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ذϻ΢죬磬֪СйŹ֣ܹһ쳣ǿĹҵս궼ˣȻҿͻظˡΪֻһǿĹѾĵĲˣһɱ
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Ұüë΢ذ쵹еʶƾذϻĵƲԼӦӵһָ似ҲôöԸġ
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ذ콫Ҫֵʱ򣬳Ȼذ죬ҶԷֵ֣ܳҷ׸㲻ϿзӡıҲѪսף
Ͳ֪Ͽе׷ӡʲôȴ֪Ұǹѩ֮ңҰ佫ھܹǿˣԺȻվ½۷壡
ҪȷҰǱȫǿɾͲܹ׽ύϵˣѩ̿ԶԶȽܹ˺øС
ذɫĵҽʲô֣
ˢһ³һ˸ŵ׹ĳǹſĵзҷ׸̫ϳϣҶҷ׸ϣҷ׸ΨӦս
ЦһŵĵȻ֣ذҪǸҶԷֵֶĻҰ츮ҲԹۣ
Ұ΢΢˵ͷδԣ˵ҰԼҲ壬ҪڴսĻʤҲὫĵĲܹ࣬ʱԼҲܳǵ飬лᣬҲԮֵġ
춼ѱ̬ذϻɫ粻ŷҰЦȷһԺȡ
ʱ̣˭˭һأҰȻĻӦ


123 ħƷ
˵ذϻˣǲçʥذԳ֣ҰҲһս֮Ҳܹȫˡ
ذϻһƣҷԺȡԼ
ҰҲͶɱģԺħУҰͻһ
Ҫ˵ɱذ컹ЩʵҪɱذϻģҲǶôѵ顣
ذϻĻȻ׷ذҲ΢΢˿ǲçʥӣʹ˲ç䣬ʱԲܷ
еΪѣܵذϻĽӿڣǡøΧҲͽƵȻҵܾܵʱͷ­ĴĲϣǾ͵Ժȡ
ҰЦܵܣһڷħУȥɲý
ȹ˺ԼɣߣذŷҰһֱӡǰȻеİ׹Ǵǰ׹Ǵ濪ʼ۳׵â񱩵Թݣڰ׹Ǵǰ۳һʮɴС׵鳣صĺǷӡϡ
䣡
׵۶ɵĹǰصڷӡķĹϣ񱩵ĹȻǹֺһȦȦ˷
ĲķҲһЩԡ
ӡȻȥ޾£ǿĴţذ˰ԵһЧҲǺܴӡ
ƿӡ˵쳤Хһ˫ȭϸֳһ˿ףϸֳһԵ֮͸һĨİâһ԰ԵȭӡһƿХ
춯ֵʱ򣬳һЦǱ׹˸ɷǹҵĲ£貵׵âǹ۳һǹâ¹ȿڵѸӳ
ͬʱ츮ɡ׸ĳԼɷЦҲһ֣ɺƴһԶӿ˳Ӵڰ˾ˣӿȵĳϿȿķķӡڶȥ
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񱩵ĹȺĺƬƬɵĹϣֶʼҵĲƬķĶĨȥ
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ŽķĹ֣Ұָ߸߾ħһɺںɫڵۣӴĺڷ裬һϮ졣
ҰŭһϲһɫӿĻ۵Һеħ֮Уħ涼ʼŨӡĵƵͼ࣬һǰĳŷĹն䡣
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ںɫâ˸һĴ죬˳ĵطȥͼ濪ʼѳһϸ΢ѷ죬ӡ
ӡҪƿˣ˻˵Ŀⶼ΢΢žȵֵķҰȻȥ˴󲿷ֵķķӡڷҰܹһƿַӡЩ𾪡
ȻûϵҰȻܹôǿѹǷ׸Ͱ츮ȫڽ

Ѻ۵˿ըΪƬһµķľʧӰ٣һױȵ籩ըϯҰ˻ģ
ȵһĨӴӰ˶ڡ
̧ͷȥ˶ŴͣĿɿڴ
ǰһУȫ˵ԤϣϿȵĺ󷽣ͻأĳһһɽľ޴ħɽϿɽɽİߣΡ롣
ħɽֳһڵɫڵļ¡һ޴ޱȵĺɫħ۾ɽϣռ˴ɽ壬ſչĹǴ̣͸һɹѪɫŴ󿪣Ǹ˶ɵѪƵģħ졣
ħһħħɽһƵģ͸һɹɲɣϵϢһӸζ
ħ˵Ժȫֳͷ
尡ذ˷ܵ˻һˢһ³һ԰͸߾еİ׹ǴΡħɽϵѪɫħ˹ȥ
ذϻĻͷһɱķҰûɵĸеһ㤣ֳΡħɽȥçǿҲϡ
ЩȣɷֵܽǣߣЦ˷ܵĴһǸɵĳޣٵĳħɽȥ
⿡һۣɷĵӻ˻֣ĳħȥ
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飬ϣҰԾϻǿӥгڴűѾʧ߰˰ˣǿӡеıҲԳ
ণ
췢һӥ䣬ħ⸡һɫӰٵĳħɽϵĴ˹ȥ

δҰдһĲҽŵһŨѪζ

֨֨
ǽĲҽУ˻ĽǹǺƵģгײкͱ壬һƬޱߵ֮С
Ұ΢ݣѻҪעΣգͬʱսеħӿֵǰߵĴſڡ
ħûΣյģӸղôĲҽͿжϳʮڸսѾ䵱֪浽׻ʲôΣա
鱳˫չˢһ³Ѫɫľ޴ħ֮С
гһɵѪɫ󣬿Ҳճ֮УҰĸܵһѹڵ΢΢ЩһϴƵġ
ڽ˲䣬Ұܹ϶㲻ħΨһҲȻĳǿĳ
ΪոոӦǹӴѹȵ콾λϵѹҪǿʢ
Ҫ֪ǿĴڣǿߣҲǾĴڣ

ڷҰ˷ܵʱһ̶𣬷ҰĸӦһɭɷϢӲ෽
룬ҰȻӶеħƿնȥ
飡
ħصĿǶϣһʯ죬ͷ·ǿʯͷƵġ
ҰϾתͷȥͼһͷɫƬͻƬ䳤һĹǴ̣ѪɫзűŰĹħһǡÿͷϣ˺ѳһ߳˿ڣ˿ڴѪҺӿŨɭ
ҰŨü΢ͷħҲɴ˴ЩǿߵĲս۶ɣѾʼΪʵǰ׹Ҳ˿
ޱȵĴ֮Уɲÿһͷ̬Щ𣬵ʵ쳣ǿƬ̵Ĺ򣬾ʮλǿЩС
ҰĴɨһۣδʲôмֵĶħķ֮ٵıһߣħбָǰߣ


124 ͼͨ
ӴдڷҰǰһ޴ޱȵĹȺɫĹѭɽ޾ÿһߴޱȣ쳣ͨ󹬵ǰȫѭŸͨ󷽵ĹȺС
ҰͿԼվͨǰԥŸýͨ
ɷͲç˸ԽͨˣҰԦѷħӥѸٿǸѯʡ
һҡҡͷ񿪿ڵǽʱ򣬾ͲǵӰҲ֪Ǹѡͨ
Ұüͷ΢壬֣ɷȫģ֪оȻôͨϢ쳣ĹŹ֣ɣл̺һ޵ǿѹסɷЩ˵Ϣ޴֡
ڴʱҰȻоǰһůϵɫ΢΢¡
ҰɫĴһۣͼҲ£иԸֳһ΢΢ƵĲͼ
ͼҰ쳣ϤӳõŲͼûʲô
ĲͼǴӳжᵽƬͼڽħ֮ǰҰרŴϣȻ֮ǰҲ˼Σȴ˿ͷδ벻ھȻзӦˡ
Χ˵ĿⶼͳеĲͼĿг̰֮ɫ
Ұ˲˹ͼ޾ĹȺ֮һкܴĹϵ˵ħصĲرͼ
˷ܵ촽ŷҰֵ֣ͼб䣬ʾ֣Ųͼʾǡ塯ɷҲѾûӰǵļƻʱһŰɣѰ˵
ҲЦĵǡ˵ħܹŲͼָŷħıڣ벻Ȼ˴ͨһŲͼһͨÿͨжЩĶıֲһ𣬴һҲܹиӦ
ҰЦҡҡͷ뻳ҲһƬƵĲͼǻӦҲżõһŲͼͲˡ
˵ţҰͷ˹ȥֻǲͼ΢΢˵Ľɫ⻪˸һѪɫĹâڲͼϸֳһѪɫĴ֣ߣ
ЦףֻǺɷͲçҲǸݲͼָͨˡ
Ұ̧ͷע⵽ÿͨڴ˸һĴ֣һߣͨ֡
Ұ˸˷ܵĹħĲͼõó͹ϹǶĿɳ𣬼һţҰЩڴͼָĵطкֱ
ԣҰ΢ȻžǲͼÿһŲͼһͨôͨտܻͨͬһطʱӦûһ𣡡
˫ĿŹĵ˵Ҳɷǰˣ
ܣٺ٣ʱвսʱ²˳٣ʱֿɣЦһ³֮ͨС
ŷҰ˹֣ŷ׸˿ٽڶ֮ͨС
ͨҰͼ뻳Уֱ
ѷħӥչ𣬴Ӵ󲿷ֵͷԽԥĳͨС
˽ħǿ߶ϹˣǱ֪ģƷʱҲоǹǿٵĳ˹
ֿͨ˴󲿷ֵͨеȻ١
涼Ұóͼǻû˸׸Ͱ츮Ķͨûж˽롣
ҰƵ£ʮ˶̰ĸ˷Ұ֮ͨУ˼Զ
Ұ֮ͨУв˶;ĹͣѰŹмֵĶ

ǰһĲҽһֻİ׹޴ͨߵһгצлץһİ壬;´ƬѪ
Ұ»Ĳ˫һչѹӰֻܿ׹ޣĳͨ
ȺҲ
ʱɲǸЩʱ̣΢еıпܻᱻ˵ȥ
߰Ұ΢΢üͷü϶һЩϵĵۼףǶ֮ǰµĺۼеĴ˴룬ܹĿһȭͷӡǡ
һȭ
Ұг𾪣ҵص֮жػħĹȺҲȻǿĴػȻһȭ˰Ҫôǿܹ
ΣȺҲδֻܱܹѹҲôײе
𾪵ͬʱҰɫЩѿȻҲҵĴս⹬еı˵ͱȡˣ
ȻһֿܣħȺ˽ȡ˲ֱͱħЩԪϼնɱշӡħ
ҰԦѷħӥٵĳΧĹзɨѰûʲôмֵĶ
ʮҰĿһקס˻鲱ϵһëѸͣ
ҰķĿˢһɨ෽һ̮Ĺŵ֮УУĸӦһɼ޵ľǿ󣬻治׸Ӧ
ȻбҰ΢ųŶĿĹԣӻ鱳һԾ£ûػԼٵĳ̮Ĵ֮С
ǰһҰ΢УܿӦɨʣС
ż߲ȱȫĺǣÿһ߲к϶ɢŵӫ⣬һϸ΢ѺۣⶼǸʱǿߣȥ˶꣬Ȼδ׸ࡣ
ڲкǵɢżѵı⼣߰ߣѾĲˣȻɢ΢ĹԼɥʧ÷Ұ΢΢Щź
Щٶ˽꣬ڷӡ֮УҲȫˣ÷Ұеֵź
ȻҰĶŴһӡ
ϣİڷһӻɫķֽֽδմȾ˿ҳÿһŷֽ϶ɢһ쳣ŨĿռ䲨ȵЦõǿռҪǿϺü
ռҰ΢ھϵǿ߲пĶܹ˲תƵԶռ䲨Խǿ˲ƵľԽԶʵɱ׷ܵıرƷ
ÿһſռļֵнʮ׾һ²жʮţǾİ׾
ҰľȽգۼ䣬Ϳٵĳ嵽һӿռǰֽЩռȫƿռ֮С
սħ֮У͵õı÷Ұ쳣á
⣬ŽǸʼ
ıȻڹȺĸ
ô˵ǲֶˣ
ণ
Ұհǿռ𣬾⴫ŭɫһħ̮Ĵмӳ


125 似
ϵĴ֮⣬߰˵ӰΧŻѷħӥշתŲʱĴһȭĸڻΧƺƴ
ٶȾˣ鶯ţɨƿգ߰ҲұƵ̫
ҪߣЩ˻ûܹ׷ϣǻΪػҰսˣٶܵ˼ơ
ΧЩ˵Ϊ佫ǿߣܿͽϵĺɫħķ׷ɢңëƬŭ
ҰӴгиɫ̰ŷҰСӣϵƬħͼԼӴеõıｻɥ֮ʱ
ҰĻţĿĶϢĻ飬ϳ˷ŭ飬ô
ϴڳˣٲҾͶסˣϲ췢һʯУ˫ὫǰķɣŷҰ
Ұ˸űɱѸٵڶ𣬰ԾĻӶеħŭն¡
ˣ
һĨʮɴСĺںɫһûӦնΪ룬ɺѪҺȾ˱̿գ˶ɵ΢
ڷħͼջ£Ⱥ˵۾ͨһƬ۾ƵģҲ˲ôˡοҰǸ佫ڵС˴һ飬ŷҰΧɱ˹
ӰҰŭһеħһźںɫ棬˲䲼ĵâħ͸ǧ˻еͬһӵгħ
һпֻһʽʵȴǧٵ۶ɣ˷зΧܹǿĹһˣǷҰһ쳣Ŀֲ

һĴЩ۳ĵħնΪ飬ħ͸һɷħԣնеıУŭն
ͣͣͣ
ȫĵâ˺ķѣѪڷҰǵɫϣõǵ̰ԽԵøĮˡ
ۣ
ѷħӥ𶯾޴˫ᣬ׺Ľͷ­Ǳдһǿߵĺģһ˶ʱ˺Ϊ룬ҽ
ʣµǼ϶ӿֳһĨŨľҰΪֻ佫ľ磬˭֪սȻôǿ
Ӱ֪˭һʣµļȫûĳɽڴ˻ȥ
ɱһҰɱȻŭһԴԴϵӿ뵽еħ֮Уħһħԣһħһ㣬Ұضնգһ˱͸
ҰɱѪȾ˴ƬͷڷҲڵɺѪħ
ڷҰնɱ˵ʱ򣬻ವһ·ɵǰΣһԺĳغ䣬ǲͣƬ̡
ҪһϢħڲһһǾͿԼͷӿ׹䣬ǵʶ޾ĺڰ֮С
ҰѪ˳ħڵϣһĮӴΧɨӿɷ۶ɢħ
ͨеĴ˶˷ҰóͼһĻ˳ֵ֮߰⣬в˶ڴŻԷҰ֡
ʱҰ˵׺õ˶ĳź˼·뷽ҰԶһǸоƵġ
Ϊʤĳħģ֣ܳĳʱ㣡ҰѪ촽ԹԵĽħڼϣͨе˲мһˣԹԵתȥŰӣ˿͸ǳðȻ֡
ণ
췢һ峺ӥ䣬˫ᣬڷҰϿգǱݻƵģĸŷҰ뵽ͨ

תһսǣҰ˿ղǳսȻδ̫ʱ䣬ڵȴҲᣬղȺҪǸҲΨ·һ;ˣﻹҡڣ
ٴηԽĴҰҲûκмֵĶҲ֪ǻǰǱ˽ȵˣҲ˿ûֱͣͨһ·ǰУ;ǿҲ࣬ÿֻһѰԵࡣ
ǰвãҰ΢΢ӿһĨȣΧΣһϤĸо
ȻҰŨü΢ִӻͳƬͼͷȥΧĹֲͼ·ϣһޣ
ͼϽעһ۵ĵط̻һͼͼϿ뷽ҰĵطҲ͸߰
ҰоտȻ˷ܵϻıϣĵߣıǰ
ЦһϺɫħ˸ٶȶȻһأһɼƷŹȺĸ˹ȥ
Ұž⣬ɷ;ĹͲܲʣֱŲͼصĵطȥ
ѷħӥٶȼ죬Ƭ̣ҰͳһϵĴǰ
Ĵûʲôֻͬ滹һϸܶӵķģǿߣҲڶʱƿ
ӡãҰȻЩȣȴҲ΢΢˿ô˵ıﻹδ˵õ
ҰֳħƾԼʵǿƿķӡȻоһȣ΢΢ƵĲͼˢһ±һ貵ĽɫΣҰͻڡ
ҰȻоһգ˳һ͸ŹϢĴ֮С
Ұ´һȣûüпĿֱֱĶڴ룬ҲŲˡ
ڴ룬ΡȻһ޴ħͷϳһǣ˫ֳͫѪɫ󣬿ϸϹǴ̴һڵĹ͸һ޷ħԡ
ħнʮɸߣͷ­ƺڶŴĶˣҰվħɽǰԵ쳣С
һ£ϴⶫҵЩӡ󣬺Ǹ似йأܹݽܴе˵ԣߵļУԶɸѡʺϵ似ҲǲĴˣһִֻһ˿ţֻҲֲҵϢҽ׾١
ҰŶһǸô
黹û𻰣Ұһ޸ӭħ񴫳д
Ұ󾪣ˢһ½ħǰһѸĴɨվ㵵ǰħϡ
ħϣҰĿһεĺɫţǹڿ˵
˭Ұ裬ħֶԾĽ˽ӿ
δ֪ǰҰ˿Ҵ⣬ֹķħС
ֻһˣһֱػͨĴУϻ˵ħǰźɫӰȻ˿顣
Ұ΢΢ͷĻĳûȵţһ˾޴ħǰ
ħӿֳһĨҵĻɫţӿֳһ㵭ɫ⻪·ħҪһ㡣
ԭ̷ȸӻźɫӰȻڿˣȴ䵭ޱȡ
Ұ񰵾Ȼһ۾ϳ̷ȸڷħӵľηˡ
ȸùǰ;似ұ봫ģСˣԺҪ÷ħ۷硣ǺɫӰ˵ŷҰһָһɫ⻪գû뵽Ұü֮С


126 ħӡ
䣡
ǵɫ⻪뷽ҰüģҰҵĲ£ӴϢԺкȻըӰ¸ӵӡԺмӹÿһӰһʽ쳣ǿľʽ
Ӱ˸ٶȼ죬÷ҰʶԸϣ÷Ұһ־ȵĸоȴͬӡڷҰԺ
ħӡ
ĸϵĴִӷҰԺиֳ滹һ΢СһЩ壺׸߼似
Ұпϲ׸߼似ڷ׸ɷͰ츮֮УҲ似Ȼõһ֣÷Ұе쳣˷ܡ
Ҫǣ似ǻľԵ似뷽ҰͨҰǵӦ֣ܹӳǿ
ң⻹似ĵȼھ񶦵ĸ似ܹϵǴ˵еʥ似
ʥ似ֵ޿ɹ½жһһ֣
Ұܲ
׸߼似Ųͼ˵μ׸߼似֮ࣿҰȻĶ
ţҰɫ΢ղǹӰ㴫似ģǿùȸŴµģ׸߼似Ҳÿ˶ܹõģ
˵õģ似϶׸߼似
׸߼似̺Ϣ쳣Ӵ󣬷Ұվħǰϸֳ˿˿ƵɫΣȫħӡ似֮С
ʱƣҰԺٴθֳ˼Ϥɫ˿ߣŴתţҪµĶ࣬˴˽֯ƣ˿߱쳣ĸӡ
˿߽ģҰԺиֳһ嫵Ļ棬쵱ͷ֣ƻֺ꣬͸һϵѹͷ·һһ㡣
һӣһ˫޴ͻأĳڿռУƼһĨɫ˫ֽٵĽһӵӡһɿ񱩵ѹϯʮأħƵġ
䣡
һɫ⻪۶ɵӡ˫ϳȻڸ߿շյϡ
ʱϱƬƬĻɫ棬·춼ϻ֮У³˿˿Ƶɫ͸һ쳣޶Ӵ
ţͷѿǧĺɫѷ죬֩һı鲼죬ں¡ƬƬ飬¶޾Ļ硣
Ұһĸо̺Ӵӡɣֱ˫֮У
ģԺеĻ续潥ģ»Ϊ˿˿Ƶ˿ߣнʧ
Ұ쳣𺳣ħӡİԵӡԺУֱɵ֮ܣɱˣһܹɶֵΪ׸߼似
뵽Ұ΢ʱħӡ¸ʥ似Ҳеһˣ
ҰʶصʵУ³һˢһ˫ۣһĨɫĹʣһ˿δɢȥ𾪡
ڷҰ˫۵˲䣬ʼҵĻζ貵ɫ⻪ӷҰüĳһɿ񱩰Եƣǵصӿ˷ӴĹȺһɫĹʣ
ףľԴ֮ħӡȻɱʥ似ӵзԴģҲֻд˵еˣҷħѰҼ궼δҵĶȻСӵõˣСѾմȾҷħħ֮ղԶˣٺ٣ҲػôõˡźɫιӰ΢΢Щ𾪣ȴǾϲ˵СȥɫӰҲʧ
ʼգǵɫӰûƵģδЩﵹǱ˸
СֹģȻϳ񶦵ħ£ħѵʲôزɣ
׳۵ʲô
ÿֲѹѵ˵õʥ׹𣿡
治˼飡ôĶ
Ǵ˵е˰ɣ

ɶ쳣ĺƴ󣬽ȺڣõڹȺѰǿ߶ɵþ𾪵ɫ⻪ķ򣬼Ľּʡ
һͬƴĹŵУذյõһм似ĴУ־Ȼǰ𾪣ˢһɨ⣬ü˭Ūôǿѵ˵õʥ似𣿡
ͬʱЦ⿡Ҳȫ𾪵ɫĸ߿գɫ粻
ңŵͨķϳ˾ȣЦԭ湻ǿģ
߳Ӱ츮˿е֪ɫ⻪Ǵӵͨʱɫ쳣ľʣһЦҿѷǵУٺ٣ɷͲç鷳ˡ
ҰҲû뵽ô׳۵Լɵ£͸еӴ糱ˮӿеһǰδеٶתë׶˿̰ſӿ
ʱ˿̣ҰҲûʱ̫࣬Ѹٴα˫վƹй켣Хת޵׶һŨ
ŨˮҰڣԴԴϵĳŷҰڹע˽ȥõ÷ҰϢҲѸٵǿš

Ұڴһ΢ɼ죬ʲôƵģϢȻǿ񱩶ںХת·òƵġ
佫ڣ
Ұյ˫Ȼâ˸ۻҰҲ¶һĨЦݣͬʱһЩɻ󣬲֪ΪλĶ
̧ͷȥźɫιʧӰ٣Ұǡ
׷Ұ룬Ŀڵ似񶦵ݻʥ׳ˣͨ˻ľԴֶҲ㲻ʲô뵱õȸӡʱǿɱ⶯ˣֻȸӡĹǿҪ뵽콾УȻᱻ콾ϳΪã似óûôǡ
ἰȸӡҰҲͻˣõȸӡʱȸһĻɽЩѱɵ֣⶯С׼ˡ
ҰԵ˵ͷɻ޴ħʵǵأ
ɣȻɢˡϾĻӦ˾䣬뵽ǵȻϳ񶦵˵ʲôϵŵǼһ񿴳񶦣˵մȾ˷ħ˵ʲôħ£ܾħϿô򵥡
Ұüͷ΢壬ǰǾ޴ħ˿ͷ
Ȼ벻ͨҰҲͽʱѹĵףĴһۣҲûҵмֵĶԾϻ鱳ϣ˽еħղŵĶ̫󣬿»ǿߵ뿪
˫ᣬħ˸һɫ⣬ٵĳ

մӴгһѪɫӭͷ£İͷԵĹ֮񷶼ҵŤΣƾ죡


127 ǿǿ
ǿ֣߳
Ұ׼ۻ糤Ӱӿеħħĵһںɫĵϵͷ塢׹áͷħɽȾĸֶ͸һĻĵħȻӭѪɫ

ཻһ̶ײ񱩵ϯ˷Ұͷڷ裬ŷҰ˺ɣжȥǹȻ
ণ
˺֮ʱѷħӥķһӥ䣬һīɫķдͷǸƵĶϳնǵ׳Ӱ
Ұ佫ڣҲŽˣͷ϶Ҳ쳣
飡
˻ӶѪɫصǵɵķϣҵķѣɢڰС
Ұ̧ȥһźµ׳շ裬һ԰͸ɫϲʱ˸һĨɫĹģ͸һǿѹɫĮŷҰ
ҰŨü΢δ꣬Ƿ׸󡢰츮ɷеˣҲǲçˣǿߵ
ðһǿߣħл˲ٵĸ֣
÷ҰЩǸѪɫһַǳϤĸоǵħһǱ
һ佫ԲˣڴУǴǿģ˼Ȼܹʹõ㣬յõѾɱˣȻ˵õҲ޷ϡ
СӣӴеõıｻŷҰе͸һŨɷϢ¡
ΣҰЦһе쵶߸߾𣬻սڣڷ޷裬һŰԵĵ͸˾һ񵶣ֱնƲ񷣡
ոս佫ڣǰδеĶʢ˵˻С磬ƾžܹӳ屶ԼеһЩֶΣŻܹӦ˴ˡ
ҰľƹѾ޸ĵزҪͻƵ佫ڣҪҲȳͻҪĸӴٻҪµĻ۲С
֪ݻħӡͨ˻ľԴ֮˴õ÷ҰʡȥµĿޣһͻƵ佫ڡ˵ľ绹佫ڣۻ佫ڵĻҪǿĶ࣬ǡÿôԵ
ȸӡʱҰҲ뿴ȸӡ£Լܷǿһ£
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䣡
ͬǿڰײһĻ𻨣񱩵ˮӿΧһΧĹҵĻζѡ
ͨл۵ԽԽ࣬ҪԷҰ֣Ұڵǿߴս·磬ж֣ʱϨ˳ֵ˼ЩղżҰŭն߰λ佫ǿߵˣǲҳˣԶңң
˶ɽۻҰܾˣǲź̵ÿ˵϶ֻ飬˶ʱ׼ǳ֡
СӣеͣΪֹˣǧɽѹЦһϵļȻ¡еҲ࣬ԭѪɫҲɫȡ·ǧħɽϣһɺسƣŷҰ䡣
ǿĹ£ҰҲеһּѹսڣۻŻľ뵽ħ֮Уħӿһɳҵİɫ棬·ǵеħħɢ÷Ұ͸һһǰħԡ
ţԾ£
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񵶵һҰһֱδʩչӴѹ£ǧٱƵģ˼Ķ˳ƬضΪ֮ɫ
䣡
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˽Ĵ󲿷˳ŷҰ뵽ѷħӥڣ˳Ƽ䣬ǹɰжһɶڿ콵䵽ʱ򣬻ڰлһĻȣ߷ɣɱ˹ȥ
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ʱһ޴ĺΧӴ̮֮ΪһƬ档
ҰҴһƳղŵõħӡҲ׵̮ǣ޴ħ˳뵽˴֮УʧӰ١
սʱ̣ҰҲϾ룬ԦŻѷħӥٳ嵽ǰҰӻһԾ˫浶ȫתƣڰնâŭ˰ӿǰһһӣâջ۳һն¡
ǻŭڣ
ǷҰ״ħеĻ꣬ʮϰٵһǿߣҲе쳣ļ֡
䣡
һ޴촫ħصĿѪɫϣ궼һѪڡ
һûȻоһΣյϢëĵһǰδеٶǰȥͬʱӿֳһصɫġ
ϧǳˡ
ۣ
һɫӰϸͻأĳԣһɼƿ죬ԵĽǲɫĴ̴ǿƵĴͷ­֮С

ֱסͷ­зһĲҽڰббȥ
ͬӰսھֱ뵽ԺУݿƻľ񡣾Ĺ䲻ܵʲôϵ˺ȴֱʴһȫݻ٣ǾͻΪһû˼ǣҪ£
ҰŸղ꽻ֵɵڻ鱳ϣɫĮŲҽе꣬߾еħȵɱ
ҰѲǳé®С״߲亦ĵʱû˿Ĵɱ
ħӿĳǰڷҰδ֮ǰһķдͷ­Ƕ
СҪ㣡ҲǼƿǿԺеľʹӶеһĺХĹɡ
ȫҶ鵱л˳˻ȥ
ʱסˣͷħӥȻܹԣ
ʱ򣬷ҰӶеħŭն£г˾źͺȻæľеҪ·Ұһͬʱ󷽼ӳ
»һܹҰ
θ˰벽еҲžٵǰħĴĲӻһȾѪͷ­˳ȥͷʬӿһɺѪҺҲ˲ɢͷʬ峯·¡
Զս˶˿ҺɫȻŷҰıҰǿ𾪣ǿ߶޵Ƕˡ
ʧȥƿأʬǸҲл䣬ҰбһһѽץУһ뵽ƿռ֮С
ռָԶ˾˶̰ŷҰĴָϵöɫָ
ߣб¾֣ܳĳ¶ռ꣡ҰһɨԶȺɱ
Զ˲˹ѸٱͣĿⶼҰû˸ȥɱ
Ұӻ鱳£˶æˣҰǲܲʣ̽ͷʬ廳УһһɫƬӡһ϶صͼ챦̻Ĺ
ҰͷȥƬʾһ֣ʮ׾
Ұ¶һ˿Цݣγ֣ûаæ
Įɨ˺ȺһۣҰԾϻıϣһһӥʧͨ


128 ħͷ
ŷҰ룬;ϵĹϺۼԽ࣬ۼױ鲼ȭӡƺƼúƬĵأǴƬƬķ档
˵ħıڵǳսʧ߰˰ˣвٱﶼ˵ǳսУӶô࣬ļֱȡ˲٣Ҳʣ޼ˡ
ڵĴУвڴУѰŷħı
˵ϵеõЩе˵Ҳܹ
ǰһ޴ӣҰ¶һĨ𾪣Ĳкȫ˵¡
ϸȥ⾹Ȼһ޴ޱȵӡ
Ȼȥ֮ãӡз·͸һϵѹ÷ҰоһǿĸƵģ쳣ѹ֡
ͨһƬĹĻبǰͨľͷĻϲʱز΢ɼ΢紵ˮַ·Ǻڰǰĵ·
ڷҰеɻʱ򣬺ȻоǰһůлƬƵĲͼͼɢһֵĹΣȻŤһѶĺɫš
Ƿĳ͵ʱȻӷϱһڵħ⣬Ұڡ
Ұ΢΢¶һĨɵɫӻһԾ£֣̽ǰĺɫĻС
ǺɫĻһִ˿˿ˮƵģûʲô֮׾ͱ̽˽ȥ
ҰջƣӦøеĲͼйأĬʻ飺飬ܷУ
û⣬С¶Ѳסң˵һ䣬һĨ΢ɼɫ⻪̽ͷźɫĻ˽ȥ
ҰлʲôΣգĶѾ̽Уæ˽еĻǵڻǰ̤뵽ɫĻ֮С
ףǺɫĻǴ򲻿ôȥˣ
йŹ֣Ƿô󾢶û򿪣һô׵ľͽȥˣ
ݶȥˣɫĻľ˰ɣУԣ
϶кöܱСӣһȥ

ŷҰͻ̤ɫĻ֮УѰȫӿֳһĨɫŵ¢ǰĺɫĻأԲŵǰҪɫĻ
飡飡顭
кü˳ŽɫĻ֮УǺɫĻ赲棬Ǹе쳣Ĳģнѡ
Ұ˿淢飬һ̤ǺɫĻڷҰǰ龰΢΢Ȼ
һǧɷԲĺɫ㳡㳡ΧǽͨҲ֪ͨĹȺ㳡úɫʯͷ̾ͣϿķģ͸ӫ⣬ļ¡
ڹ㳡룬һʮɷԲľ޴ħΧʱһļµħ⣬һƷĻɬģ͸һɹɹ϶޵Ӵ󲨶㳡С
⴦㳡ǸĹȺȫͬûκεĻٻӾǴδԻƵģ͸һ˿˿ضϵϢ
ҰĿɨ㳡ǿھ޴ħʱӲǿھ޴ħ˸·㳡ԴȪԼΧĺɫ۳һ޴󷨣ĥ͸
Ұ˿ҺԺûɵתһͷħòķӡһħɣ
̤૵֣Ҹܵһ˿ϤϢֻ̫ޣӦУħУʲô
ҰһĨɫ۹ߵףǰԵ쳣ħӡҲ㲻ʲôеı붼Ķ
ֹȻԶǳˣܹ˴һݶˣⰡһϤЦҰתͷȥڲԶһͨڣӰΡȻڳԼЦ
ҰվͨڴȻЦҲ޷סϵ飬ԼЦЦٴе㳡Ǻħ
ҰųЦЦü磬ûʲôرķ֣
صҡҡͷЦ˵ʵڵģҲûʲô֣ܸо˴̲żΣƵģһĸоܹȷǣһֻͨܽһˣһͼˣɴﵽ磬ҲδƿǵڹĻ治֪ǸǻҲ߶
Ұ΢ݣոսʱҲһļµĸо·һħЩģǷħرܵеĵǲرͼͨħͼ
֮ʣҰ˿⣬ɫ΢ǺɫĻ
ҰĶ¶һĨȻɫô壬Ұȫδı·
飡
ɫĻ浴һ㵭Ұ̽赲ڹĻǰ
Ұɫ΢䣬ȻصĲͼܹȻȴ޷ȥ
ɫҲ쳣ѿԱĺɫĻĻǴ˵еĽƵģֻʹõ˱Ҳȫˣ
ҰŹ㳡ĵǿħһţʲôֵûɵĵطҲֻǿħˡ
ҰԺͷת΢΢¶һĨɵɫЦħķӡ²ͼܲҪǣҲûҪ̫ģֻﴦ͸ŹŹ֣Ҳɴ⣡
Ҳ׷ҰԷ飬΢Щϵĵһɨ͸һԾԾԵ飬ĵǣѾҲãħǹߣҲҪúõĴһ
Ȼ˵Ҳ³ç£һԷΧɨӣڷʲôмֵϢ
˽̸ʱԶиͨĺɫĻ˸£ذİ׹ǴͨڴЩ˴Ĳ̧֣۴ӷҰӹڻѷħӥϣ΢΢üͷ
ذŷҰȵĵһŲͼֻܹһ˽ΪܽѷħӥҲ
鷭˷ۣӥ΢ţмĵУټ֣
ҰһĸĪ⣬ĵε֪ͼ޷ݽ
ذһҲ΢΢£ɫŹֵŷҰϵѷħӥҲûдʲôսޣȫ㲻Ұ˵Ǽ١
Ȼ˵ȴǰһҲڷҰԣδҶӥʱǿڵħ
ذ첻䲻ȵĵλ磬ʲô𣿡
Ұ񣬵Įĵ˾ͳȥˣ֪㲻Ǹ֡
Ȼذɫ䣬һȭڱǵɫĻϣĻҵĲ£ذӰ٣ɫγˮ
ذ쿴һĮķҰֿ˿ôԼ죬иǾɲߵǾͲ±𣿡
ҰЦһʵѵ¾ܹȻ߳ȥ𣿡
ذٴ£Ұ˵ҲЩе쳣ıڷҰǰǱѹ·磬뵽ܵذϻҰ˸жԷҰӵķߺˡ


129 ħ±

ԶһͨڵĺɫĻ£ЦӰڹĻǰĴ£վԭأҲðȻ֣ĿּɵŹ㳡ǿħ
һĿȻʲôֻǿħ֮С
Ұɫ΢ɷĲͼȻЦϣɷѾˮЦ¾룬ץסʱĻȰ
뵽ҰĬƵӡֳ־̽Χ
ûãͨȺ˸£һһӳڹ㳡У㳡еļ֮ɫ쳣ѿ
˶佫ԲǿߣҲ֪εõ˲ͼȻҽ뵽⹬ȺҪĵطȴȻûϵڴ˴ôǿߣжڰԴġ
еСиǿߵķҰǶᱦĴҲľʹ˳ҪһԼǿ
֪ǵɫĻֻҲ򶨲ɣ
Ұ£ղŵһ̽飬δֹ㳡ϵǵɫʲôΣգΨǿħڵĵطŹ쳣һͬţ뺣ƵʧӰ٣÷ҰҲǿ̽
飬ʲô֣Ұйͨ
Ժ𣺡ϴ󣬹㳡еĺɫа˰ķӡ֮ȫһ㳡Ҳгκȱ𣬹㳡ʱûʲôΣڷӡʲôҲ㲻ǿħһҲ͸֪ͨصصͨǷӡصڡЩõԤУħеĶ򵥣򲻿ɽС
ĽͣٽϷҰ̽ΧЩ˽⣬ħӵļɵˣĿɨһͨǰĺɫĻϡ
ۣ
һ׵糤ǹӹĻ͸ΰڳǹڹĻǰ⿪ϼе⸡֣ĴӺڰ㳡ɨڷҰϣЦҵһ
Ұų˵ͷЦ٣ϾҪһѪɫʢ磬ɿϯ
ɫ΢ɼĶ˶׷ҰָЦ͸һ˷ܵĹ󣬰׼Դ˴ļɵ˲١
ذĮȻɨӳȺۣЦĶˣܾܲôվһӰɣ
쵭ɨһۣκԣǿħǹؼʥӸҪԵĻѲġ
ذɫ粻˵Ҳ˼ɵ˭뵱ͷ
ЦĿӹҰӣߵĻϣɭĵʱͷܹóǡÿ̽գ
Ұˢһ±ɱڵЦδ˵ŵĽ飬үʺʮ˴ڣ
ЦɫȵøС²󣬿С
ЦƬħ򣬾֮أ˭ҲȲ㣡Ұ˽еħ΢УҪЦ֡
ȻҰоǰһůŲͼԶ˳Ź㳡ǿħڵλ÷˹ȥͼǸɫ˸İħ⣬Ե쳣ء
ҰתͷȥҲԳһŷƵĲͼħ˹ȥ
ħϷŲͼ۳һŷƵıͼ߸ɫľҵһ֮俪ʼ໥ϣݻΪķģܿ죬Ƭͼ϶˺ɫķģ·ħΧķֺӦĹϵ
ҰʱҲϾЦŹ㳡ĵħҪŲͼۻʲô仯
ʱƣͼϵķԽ࣬ȫıͼ壬ɫҲʼӱͼ˳㳯·ħ䡣
ڱͼϵĺɫĽӴħĵʱħɢһɺ嫵ͳѡ
ʱħȻһǿ̺㽫Ͽյķľɵħ֮У㳡»ָƽֻħϿűͼȴʧӰ١
һֵĵģˣͼˣ
Ұüͷ΢壬һգգŹ㳡ħƾܵħھһı仯
˵񶼱ħסˣɫ쳣أûܹԤϵħ׻кֱ仯
䣡
Ƭ֮󣬰ĺɫħӿǶһµĺɫ۶ɣʮɶֹȪ
ˢ
һӨӨıӺɫ˳͸һɹɾˮԶˬһǿǺɫȪӳ߿ա
ಣ
ڵһʱ˳ȥѾ㳡еķĶǷӡģħ붼ûͳȥ
ȻҲħı飬ǲ㳡ǷΣգмɵ˭ǿг֣ûκεΣգŷڻȥ
ѷħӥһٶȾ˵ݣȻ˲Ÿճȥɾ룬һڽǱҧ˿Уɫ⻪һǿɫͱ뵽ƿռ֮С
ǿű齻ذűİ͸ʮ⣬һŻ顣
ڰһȦӥɨذ죬ЦʲôҸҪ飿
ѱȥˣһҪᣬЩɵ
ȥҲûϵƶǣõóЦһΧɱŻ飬ɫڰ鶯ķ裬һƵģ˿˿
ͼۣһű飬ûܹɱ˻±顣
ҰħڿնߣⶢЦȴųֵʱ

·ħһѪɫذף͸ɵı⣬ˡ
ħٴǼҲ˲ٹܻˣȫ˷ܵĳǱѪɫذ׳˹ȥ
֣Ұһħڹ£һֱǰĵƣЦŭն¡
ᱦɱˣ
ڷҰֵͬʱҲˣ˫ứһչһȷҰĳЦͷϵĶǺͷµצ˸ɭĹ󣬾ǰһʯһҲܹ˺ɷ飡
ЦУڰпתڻĹôϣԹҰİ˿ӷҰĹȻвʣҲֻʱȷǱذףӦҰͻĹ˵
ͣ
ͷһīɫӶնЦڰлһĻȣһλ˫צҲ
ЦŭϵĻɫ޽ɵı޻ڼ˸֣鷢Ķצ顣
һӣһħն䣬ɷ


130 ǿնɱ
ЦԷҰļɵΨȸ״似ĹܹӦ
ЦһЦһյıܿҰİԾһлɫɫĶӿҪԷҰչ
ȻЦĺëڼܵԱ¡
ͣ
ƿЦոڵλãһ׵Ƶĳǹԭأո΢һͻᱻǹ̸͸
ףӦͦģֳ׵糤ǹ΢΢üëʵϲɱ
񣡡Цȶһ˿ŭĴ
ʵû뵽ȻȥǱذףҰһΧ
ͷûתȻоٴδһϢձܹϮɱʽϣҲܣƴȫҲֻǽ΢ƫƫ
ЦгɻѷħӥͷŻɱҰֳħǰԼɱֳ׵糤ǹһԼǱֵˣֻ˭
飡
һ԰ԵȭͷصĺЦȻľϵĹҲеѪһ󷭹
Цűǿǰʮɣǡܹ˷ҰͳϮɱϾתͷʧ죡
վڰϣζȭͷһЦǣ
Ұ΢΢¶һ˿Цݣͳ˵ͷ
ѡħ±ʱ̳֣һΪʱЦȫ񶼷˶ᱦϣܹ𵽳䲻ЧҲô˻ῴ쵽ǷֵýύڲƱֻѡһֵʱ򣬲ܹһ˵ıԣ
ңѡδʧ
ҰУңѷħӥϿգʰԲ״ЦΧ
ڣЦŸܵвһҰѷħӥѾѶԸˣټϳ죬һնûС
ȻҲֻǴ佫ڣڸĵλԶԶܹģĹ似ҲҪ߶˵Ķ࣬ÿ˶һս
֣˵ʤˣҪ߶ѣ
ЦɫòǿѹסӿŭЦ죡벻ĶͷȻ֣ﶼˣҲҪҰأı˰ɣ
ЦһֱûϹһηħѪȷ磿ֻҪĴ
ͷ˿Լ˫ȭĵЦֻǸʼ
Цɫ䣬޺޵ĵǵθڻҪɷĵȫ𣿺ߣҪҲô׵飬ѣǾ͵Ѫսɣ
ûˣҰЦһеħһƿպХͷʬ塢ͷħɽȳĸֳһĻΧħɢȳЦŭնȥ
Цɫһ߰ڰ鶯Ļ裬ϸֳһĨɫĹӲ෽ħ㣬жȥĴ󲿷ͬʱ´ƬƬĶοٵˡ
ڷҰ֣ǹߣһƿֱϮЦ˫ȭбŷۻȭ̲˿˿ϢסЦ·
ЦеĻɫ޶Ȼֱĳǹײһ𣬻ɫ޶ȻһΪ߳ײȭϣǿȥȭΪһ
ǿӦ˵ĹЦҲɣ˱ߴڵĴϢš
ôүˣŵӸ߿մһʱצ״εǵصЦΧС
ܼӿֳһŨĻɫһ鶯ıӰڶз裬졣
Ƭ֮ЦӰڶ֣ɫ΢΢԰ףϵ˼ӣϢɢңԵǱ쳣
ʱѪɫذײذУҲɫ԰ףȻڸղŵгЩ
ЦǼ˾Ƶģеذ֣һ֮գضл
ذǹһ˿м̵ĵûǴĻڽħ֮ǰ㻹Ҳç䲻ҡβˣ
ЦһĨԹɫߵѾ֣ˣһҪԸľˣ
ذɫ΢䣬֪Ц˵ʵһ˶ϷҰһӥĻԼҲûжʤ㡣
һ֣ذϵĵ
ЦϢ΢΢һͣû뵽ذſھۿɲС
ʱҲûİ취Ψȱס˵ӦãҴӦ㣡
ҰаãˣǿߣӦɾûôˡ
Ȳסذ죬ЦҰŭһŻ˻֡
鼫ĬķɵҰ棬ڱϡ
΢΢ٵذǰȭǹӰһԶĳذк˹ȥذЦϡ
ҰеħϢʧ˫ֿٵŸӵķ˫͸һɱҽҪȵϢһֻɫȸ˳͸һɹɿֲϢ
Ȼȸӡڵ£ҰҲٱϵʩչ˿
Цɫޱ䣬ǼʶҰ似İԵűףͳΪһʬˡҰٴʩչ似Ц붼û룬İ͸ûȣٵͨڴȥ
ɱҰŭһеȸ췢һ춯صУĳЦ˹ȥ֮ն쳣Ťƾ졣
Цʹٶȿ쵽£ҪǺɫĻдȥĹȺ֮С
飡
ЦصײںɫĻϣɫĻײõһȦȦҲ˻ܵٳȸŵøεѣڱһĹͬʱɫޱֱɨ
䣡
һ޴ĺ㳡ʼһζ·ӿֳһڵķģȥ
ȵɫĻָԭ״ЦƵſڵϣ޴ѪѪΧȫһƬһ˿Ƥ⻹ţն͸Ѫɿ඼Ѫ죬Ĳˡ
һĻ˶𾪲ѣذҲֹͣ˵ĴսŹֵŷҰذҲԴģԼҲûս·ҰǰԵһЩɱ
ۣ
Ұеħ֣һЦԴһ߷ɡ
һЦװһпܾͻᱻ㣬Ҫ͵ȿͷ­˵
ҰЦ߽Ǹɫĳ޼ЦһõһŶʮ龧һЩȫʧӰ١
ռָʣµ˶ɫ΢
˵Ͳç֮жӵⶫҲ࣬ҰóҲе쳣ľȡ
ҰųЦЦսƷţæ飬ٽз䡣
춼ЦŰ˰֣ŰɣԺ˵
Ұ˵ͷɨذ죬ȵذ죬ѡ񣬿ɲǶôǰ
ǽʱ˭Ҳûע⵽ЦѪҺڻ뵽ɫ˸ĵ֮У˸˿˿Ĺ


131 սᱦ
ŵ÷ҰɱȻĻذаԺڣЦĻ뷽ҰС
Цһиɵذ׵ܵذϻΪλᱻҰ˵ôأ˵ܵˣԼҲûտԽ·ҰǰԾصһ
Ұˣ˵ղŷһȸӡڵ˲٣ذĳ֣Ҳ𣬾ƴҲҪذ
ذаݣЦԼľ֧Ψϵ佫Բܹ꣬뷽Ұ˿⡣
ƿķǳ˷ȥѾˣҪǸƣȻеıֿУλΣ
Ҳ״ʱȻǲ׸Ͱ츮Ǹ͵Լ
ذվһ뷽Ұγ˶ŵľ档

˫սһʱǿħȻٴ緢ħһ緢˳ɫ߲֡ͭսꪡƿڿиϼǧأ˲佫Ƭɫ㳡յ硣
󱬷κһɢϢڷҰеħ
㳡Ͽյ˶ʱסˣһӣÿ˵жͨͨģϳ˷ܵ顣
ȶᱦҰһۣͬĺ˳ħϿշ˳ȥ
ذҲԴһųɱ˹ȥ
г˴ӲͬķΧ£ȥ
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Ұһջԣħ·ĴڣһϵĴڣǸڳ½գ
ţҰ͸оЩԣüӦòɣħڣҲҶԷħְɣ
ȻҰĿתСڣⶸȻѵǳСħеܾ˵ʱֵģҲ԰ħҲʥڣܻôױİ
СڿҰֺõҰƣ÷Ұ̿
ɵĵзħħħɭɭħйءĲ˵ӷħżٷħʱûʥڳ
Ұһ𣬳³һҺˡ
ɵĵʲô
ҰСһĻħеĴڱȻǸͬȼĴڣпһħ񣡶Ǿɫ裬ĸԴһħһ˭Ҳ֪ȥ˶¡
Ƿħأܲʱٵİɣ顣
ҰǷħǺֱӽģԲŻᱻ˸ˡ˴ڣû˸Ұ
˵Ұɫһ䣬˿ҺǾɫħӡģǸ޷ƿ
ںĵİϴǷӡѿˣٶ񶦵ƳӡҲʲô¶
Ұŷ޷ƿӡǿɾ൱˸ûõķˡ
ӥۺɵŷҰСڣֹô˵ħеļһﾹȻǸħѹôȲİѺɫ붪˳Сڵ˼㣬˭֪ħסã
Ұһ²ûĻ½ɭ޵
һҰǿѹеľСڶӣǼһҲõȥСڹںܾ֮ǰͿʼ䶼ǿǼһСڵѹơСһ뿪Ǽһͳڶʱڲ⡣
Ȼô˵ҰȴһâڱĸоûɵĸоһֽȸУ˭֪ħеǼһʲôʱƷ
Ҫ볹׽󻼣뾡ĴﵽľУҲҪʥ磬пǼһƷ֮ǰΣնɱҡУ
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Ϊ½ǧ飬ΪԼİҰֻӭѶϣ̵ʱڳǴ˵еľ磬пֹһѣ
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Ұѹĵףèڻ鱳ϣЦǻ飬ֵཻܶ
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ӥһɣŵĵ֮൱ڴͷʼСھ͸ҵϣԺǻͷȥУҷǵ㣡
ҰɵһݸСǾè䣬СһȫǱҲǴ㿪ʼھӵĿɰƵģ̿
ֻǻЩģļ䣬ϲϣҲʲô񣬷Ұ벻ʲôСڡ
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ҰŨü΢СҲ׹龹Ȼְ취СڣǸԼõķһЦ飬Ѿĸ͵ҵĺƣ
鲱һӥתЦϴ󣬷ﻹкܶ࣬Ҿһ㣬ȽС˵
С̱ʯ۾ŶĿĹâۺɫСͷ촽ವһӷҰȥһķӰڻĳϣһѱסǰƿƿںЦĴ۾̬䡣
Сڱƿ˸׶죬ڻĳ϶ҡ鶯Ĵ۾ʹϣȻҡСԴ΢£ŷҰͻЦЦѽһͷӻĳ
Ұۼֿ죬ֽסСڣЦСڣСӻ̰࣬һ͸ɵһƿĺƣСĻ
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ϴ󣬿ɣСӻ۵úܣһƿƾͰ̵ˣһԴޡ
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ǼһòҪɣҰȻԶг˾㤡
׻˵֪ηҰħ·ǼһʱлûеʲôΣУƲǼһ֮ħеĴڿֵļɵԲ뿴ǼһƷ
໡
ȻԶһʯ˻쳣ĲҶǴӾĵص״һͽҰͷһԶĲ϶ϸ΢Ѻۣƾ죡
ţҰͼֻɫƬֳ𣬴ޱȵÿһƬƬ϶˸ļµĺâħëȻ
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С˫ۣҡͷԵԶǹħ΢΢˿ɰСӣзһ۵·ڱĵĲ
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ڣҰԿ϶ħеĴھС֮ǰӡģϵһģһ
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ΨǼδҵЩֻȴô׾ܹõġ
Ұȵõħ˾ɫ裬󻹵õһֻ񣬻ǿ˲ƵĿռŵеĶҰҲ֪ѰңǺں
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ĵɫ軹㲻ʮ壬Ҳǿ˵ùȥˡ
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֮ҩһÿôܲƵģ
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鲻ҡҡͷҲÿһҩݶܹҩģеĳͿήˣеܳǧ꣬ЩܹҩģϡٵĺܣҲô׾ܹõġ
ҰΪ⣬Цڶڣ˵ҩӵǺҵĶ࣬˵ҩˣǧҩҲǺĶЧǿֱΪһ㣡
ֹҲõˮƽȥУˮƽǧҩֱ˷ѡ
ҰãҲƽϣЦ飬߰ɣȥҸʵĵص㣬ӡ˵ҿеȲأ
ձħѹ˽򣬷ҰҲûмûշУħﱧСڣܣ鲢С
ԽͰСɽҰͻһɺԵĺУһɺԵĴѷ죬֪ͨĵط
̫󣬸ԼȥԻΪһɫ⻪뵽˷ҰֵУֵȥϢȥˡ
˳ǵɺԵѷ죬Ұ߹հƣƵĵ¶֮У·˳ʪˮ°ӵıӿ
գҰһ°ӽĶ֮Уǳʲô󶯾Ҳ˳ŵ°ӴʮλһֶڶʱڲᱻѰԼλá
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һܹϵ裬һƬǴиո̳һܹĸӦһħԡ
ϸȥǺںı͸һɹɺɫķģתŴĺۼ˲ԾĴһɶĤݵĳ嶯
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Ҳѵõ񶦼⣬ھɫϷʣµͽҰɣܻľмģ׼
ҰĬƵӡ֣һ⻪ҫǸضµĶӡǸУ⻪һСԾ˳Ͽա
ٴοɫ񶦵̬ҰɳֻͣдСϿÿһ΢ɼӡԺУǷ
ҰںںϿգάϵƽ⣬һգգǸں裬ȵ飬ˣ
ȻҰϿʼֳһĨɫ⻪üһȣƤ͸
㱼䣬Ұǿüеľһɫĺƽ޲һɫľƵģĿѣԡ
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һ£Ψдﵽ磬طʱ򣬲ܹϹء
ҰԴӵõС֮ÿ춼ڲƵӡƵӡ˵ʵľҰľٶȾˣ佫ǿоǶĴڡ
ԣ±ȸ̤ǿ߶ֻ಻٣ʼվδ޷Ӧ
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ÿСϣСӦλþͻù⻪һſǳСһ𣬽С׺ҹգá
ϸȥСλöһ껨ľ̬ҰֲﶼܹҵӦ̬СЩԼǳӡȻ⻪ȫЩľӡȥ
Ұڵľٵţܿ÷Ұܵһĸоһɫľɺԣ˸СˮݴСֲ˶ˡ
⻹ǿԵʣ佫͸صСˣ
ڷҰ˫۶ʼģʱ񶦶ɶȻֹͣˡ
ҰǿǰСǺں衣
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СȻһ貵ɫ⣬̺һص͸ЩĻľӡ뵽·Ǻںϡ
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ҰһԵСҲã̱ʯèۣѽѽ·ڱԼĲ۾µŷҰǰǺɫ衣
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һϸ΢Ĵ죬ɫѿ˼ϸϸѷ죬ܿ͸ϱѷһ˲鲼裬ѷ͸һѤľŲ⡣

ɫ趸Ȼ˿һ貵ľŲҫķҰ˫۶۾Щʹ
Ų˳Χĵ°Ӵ󣬵°ӵĺӵŲ޿ײ룬Զʮϰٸλ𣬻һƬŲĻСУ߿ǹɺ嫵ħɢ˴롣
ŲƷ
Се˶۷׷ף𾪡
ǿƣ
ʲôôôĶԲʮС綼ܵ˲
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ѵһôôƴĳ棿
Сеǿ߶뾪ϲŲ񷣬ǵŲϰٸλͬʱ𣬸޷ȷλãڰԲ²š
һ˲䣬ǿħ̽ľҲдһŭ˻
ǾŲʷԽԽܣսֻ۾ֶ·קħ֮С
˭ƿ˷ӡκһͳɳƵħд쳣ģ˶ƵģȷǷ
֮е½½½ޱ嫺ȾŸҪ룬һߵĹ챮
챮һϵĻϢ滹ӡһ춯صĹӴ֣е쳣еĻ谵һƬ·֮ǰʹڣ
˱ǼŶʮʮ컯Ļ챮֮Ϊ
ʮļֱ쳣ھɫƳӡʱ򣬡ɫ衱ӵĴֶȻâҫأ


138 ʢ
ɫ챮Ѹ£ڼ̵ʱڣŴеǿȫڻ챮£̧ͷؼľ޴챮
Ǻ˪ӰɫҲˣһʢˣֻ֪жٺܻ硣һòϵӿԣһй⻪תڻתתŴ
ɫ䣬û˻᲻ģϧ˿䡣һϼеŮŮͬܵϼһʱƵģá
ʢҪˣҲ֪Щϼһж˻ữΪһҡһɷǵϣǳܻһӾͱ˫˴лĵʧӰ١
콾;̤۷ģָĶҲϴƣʢĩһƤĮ¶ļֳһĨĹͭɫ޵Ӱħݣжʥޣȵȣе֮ͬ

ͬһʱ䣬ߵȽ׵Ĵڶˡ
ã챮ϵֲŽĻָƽȻ˸ҫ۵Ĺâֻûôˣ챮ϵֽӦŴϢ
챮Ȼָƽ֮ȴѾӿһһ콾ӸԵļ߳
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Ϊ˵ķҰƿɫķӡ˶ĲҲûȥô࣬Ĵż͵־ǿֿסͷԵĻ
ˣҰϲĺ˳ȴ˿϶
ڸոգҰоԼɫ֮һصϵһͷͿþɫıС
ֵֻطҰɲþɫóɾʮɷԲһ˵֪ˣԺе鷳ˡ
Ұþɫ󵽰ɴСþɫָԭ֮󣬶ƷľɫҲһЩ˽⡣
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СϢ׽ɫ浹һŨϵԴ͸һʱ
ָòľɫȻתžɫ⣬ӡһ̬Ļľ̬쳣ı棬ͼʵڵֲ
ھɫ֮УƽŰɫɢһԵϢɢһѤϼ
Ұ쳣ļⶫԺֻҪҵҩӾˣԺУҲԹӰ졣
ڷҰԺ𣺡ϴ󣬷ӡƿɫɻΪʮɴСֱӷƿռ֮оˡԴ佫֮ƿռչǧɴСƿռȻֲҩ¾Ӱҩġ
Ұӵõľϲѹǵĵ飬ûʲô°ɣ
Ҳû뵽񶦵֮ȻôѣҪ˯һˡϴֵҩˣһҪԸǻľ
ֹԽԽСʧڷҰԺУٴ˳˯֮С
ڻ飬ҰǸмǻ飬û취ƿɫķӡ
ء
Сڷһ۵Ľ˷Ұ˼һ̱ʯĴ۾ĶŷҰеľɫ裬۾ãСצԴʹһȻĻ˻Դ
СһǶɫ軹Щģӡ
Ұ΢΢ЦЦֽСڱڻУ΢ɫ뵽ƿռ֮УΪʮɷԲռƿռһСƬ
һУҰûеռеҩֲȥ
ڵ״̬ɲôãղžɫʱ򶯾ֺܴ˵˲һܹҵСĵá
Ұ񶦵ϢĨɾֱСڣħٵŵ°߹հƣһط˳
Ұմӵ¶г͸оΧЩԾ綼һѤĹʣϻδɢȥľŲ뵣õû谵ĸ߿նࡣ
Ǿɫ𣿡Ұ˿Һг𾪡
ͬʱҲڰңҿԼõˣ˵õˣǻ
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ʦ֣Ƕصˣ˵⵽ʲôȻڰദطͬʱյľŲ⣬𾪰һݺȰŮԽԽ
Ұ΢΢˿Ȼͬദصͬʱ˾ɫ⣬ҪҵƷĵصҲô׵顣
˵ˣղǵɫͰԼϢˢĲˣԼһҵԼƷĵص㣬Ҳκεķ֡
Ұ΢תķ泯ߣеħһɹħ
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СӣһǰѰӲСһ׳˶Ц·ķҰ߰˿ٵĳŷҰ￿
ҰˢһתͷͷſٿˣĮĵô
ﱧһֻɰĺèȴһëȻĺɫħɫ쳣ĮҰ˵ĸо쳣Ĺ졣
Сӣ˵ľ㣡㻹ղǸ׳˶ҰǸ佫ڵ꣬һһˣ֮ġ
֪û˵꣬һʱһסͣһɣ׳˶Ͳ֨ˡ
˹æŷҰֵԭǷҰֵĳˣֵܸոնð벻Ҫһʶ
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ǵۼ˷ҰΨһдɱķˣɷ˶ϳˣνǷħ˵һɱǣ쾹ˣ
ͬʱҲЩɻ󣬴ԷҰӵһͷѷħӥսޣʱҰȴһˣΨлﻹиСèҲѹڵһʱδϳ
ղųڵǸ׳˶ŵɫ԰ף߶µĵǸҡҲ֪Ƿղ֮еáܹ֮
аԻںޣôǵôɱˣֻˣ
Ұɫ΢˻ĮĵҲɱ֮ˣǲңҲøǼƽϡǿɲڱˣ
׳˶˿лͲڿˡ
ջƵ˹ЦոǵŲӰλһ鲼ħ磬˵ģǻʲôءֿ֪з֣
Ұ΢ɣĵɫ⻪ħǷǾ˵ЩƣģҲ
߰˶ЩɫҰ˵Ҳǲܡ
ǻ껹Ҫ˵ЩʲôҰ˰֣Įĵĳʹ˱
ԱϣҰͷҲصתͷȥ߰
ҰȻǸɾ䣬ˮǸӦеķ緶иŮĿŷҰȥķ
ǻ˹΢΢ŵȲķ緶˵ЩпܣһҵȴħеˣǸǻһأһȥѰԵɡ
ҰҲ֪Լһ˵ȻȺֹͣѰ
õħе˶ɾɫħйˣûκͷ⵹ǷҰʼδġ


139 ֮
Ұһߴɽǰɽµһ͹ʯ·һصɽ쳣ĿǸŵĺõط
ҰɽеλǺģֻǸŵĵطҲû̫ߵҪ
ֽһ鷢ʯͷͷ±ϣҰִʯһʯͷڶס룬ʣһƴСķ϶ͨ硣
һУҰŷСڷһԣԾڸɽڣĬĬƵӡĻָǸɺԵľ
֮󣬷Ұü֮ͨеľڳ׻ָԼ䣬Ұе΢΢Щı仯ƺӦ֮еһص
Ұɻ΢ٴμһɫĺӺƴЩ
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佫֮ǰܹͨؼĹˣȫЩ֮ӣѪˣǸ컯汲ܸг֧š
ܿܿǾôӵвٿعģ֮ĲࡣûѪҲŸͬļ
Ҫ֮ǰʹͨͨϣôɵ顣
ҰѪԶԶû취Щ֮ȣŬκһ٣
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΢紵˶ϣеȴܹһ΢绯Ϊ磬˷ﰿ裬ãأ
ҰˣֻҪץסκһᣬ׷֣ȫã󻯣ӵڵһС
˵ЩѪо쳣ǿ֮ȣǷҰʼԼκһˣ
һ죬վǵ۷壬汲۷壡
˹ҰڻľԵӵˣ΢Χ޾ϸӡĵף类ǿһ㡣
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ףΪΪ̫ԵʣҪһʱΪȻпܻɸȵļǿɾ͵òʧˡ
Ұȫľ۷״̬һ˼̧һӣϽͭ¯ɽУ׾ռСɽ
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ӽ쿪ʼҲһʦˣ


140 
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ڽʱУҰһֱûݻֶָ̬ûþھĿҲӵľ΢


141 Ʒ
ħһɽУҰڸɾĵϣĸֳһĻ档
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С֦ҶҡҷڻԽԽ֦ҶչĻΪһ֦ҶïĻֻ֦ϸ泤̬ĻɫҶӣѤλá
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142 ּ
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ɫžƮڷҰأµϴҳҩ£
Ұ߳ɽûĵղŻʮ꣡ҩ񶦻ָҲܽ氡ϾЩҩٹһӾͶһǧҩˣڳԣɲ㣡
ϵɫ⻪һ뵣һͷ޴ѷħӥٴγǰһӥ𶯾ʮء
أ
С̧ͷŸ߿յĻ飬ĻϲĽ˳ϳ͵ƸȵĻ顣
ڸ߿һȦڷҰߣֺõĲ˲䷽ҰЦϴ󣬷㻹ôٸһҲûϵ
ĥӲݣҰΣֻٴó꽿εĻƲݵݸ顣
˵ĽӹƲݣķָСһ꣬޴ĳСڵԴЦСڣչġ
СҲ̫࣬ƲݾͿӨӨĴ۾ЦгһСϳ㡣
ҰڿŸĸȥȻɫ΢ɻɽ
ľ쳣ǿ󣬾ڸոգӦԶһ˿޵ϸӦӦҲ
ҰϻıϣɽǸԶսߣȥ
ճҩûִ֪գֽһչ˫ŷҰָķȥ
ûãҰ˴ײŭҽУлŵһŨѪζ
ңûôףһۻĴԶٴһĵײ
ҰһĻĲǳȫǰ
ǳȻҲˣȷҰߴ٣Ͼһڵħ⣬Ȼ٣ĿХŴӶϹι
ܿ죬ҰͿǰһɽ龰
ɽһսһǷ׸ˣһǲçˣһʬǷ׸ˡ
ΧǰȫѪܵ˿ڣе˿ϻ˿˿Ĺ谭˿ڵ޸
ĳѪճһĻӶеͭսꪣΧȺɱһͷסޡ
ΧˣذϻΪף佫ԲǿߣǳǿҲ쵽;ƿݵĵزӶ֮䶼Щٻˡ
ذϻĵ϶һѪɫذףɢɱ⣬ذħеõǱ
˳ͭսꪵĴ󲿷ֹõóƵȻ޴档
ذְֳ׹Ǵ׸Ψһһĳѹסһֱ۶״ȻѾذϣƲֹۡ
ķ׸ӽʣ˻ڿ֧ţçɽһɱҪ˶þҪȫû
֣Ұ˫Ŀһӱͨ죬˲䲼һ֮ɫ˼ħӻһԾ£Űĳذϻŭն£


143 ǿƶԾ
ѱҰŭһӱ˳
еħ۳һںɫħ棬Լ۳һ·ģ֮Ĺܣ

ħصĿѪɫذϣذϻĴӸ߿ڵ棬̳
ȻѪɫذжȥ˴󲿷ħ̺ľ޴Ȼ˫һҵĲϣ
ھƹļӳ£ʱҰڵƽ屶ټĺŭһ̺һ˿֮ڵذϻģҲԿ⣡
ذϻĵĽɫս걻ҰȥѪɫذ̫̣ô֡˵ħеõһͭսꪣذεĽɱ
çΪҪȷ׸ǿһأǷõ÷׸أܣֻǳ顣
ۼҪ֣ȴ·ɱҰһΧɵİΧȦѡ
ʱ˵Ŀȫ۵ϡ
Ұ
ôˣ
ô
ɫ΢΢Щ仯ռϷذ첻ɵüͷ뵽ҰŭնЦһĻ¶һĨļɵ
ذϻԼʣµĲçӣϵıҲ쳣ѿ
ذϻģ˷ҰУԷҰֺ£ɫò
ͳȷ׸ĵӣҰ֣ȫϵսⶼøǿˡ
Ұĵƺǿʤϣ
Ұذϻģõóѹ˲٣״転ĻеͭսꪣȵҰﻹӦȥ죡
ҵֵǮȥܹذİ׹Ǵͷȡ
ذɫ䣬еĹƸóΣգ᧿Σ
Ұܿ˾ϣֹħϳһĨʮɴСĺںɫΧ˱ˡ
ণ
鷢һӥ䣬Ӷ޴˫ᣬײùǶϽۣҰ·ȵؽסҰߡ
ȥ찡ֲסˣĴУ׸ڳǺںġ
ҰһװŻƿУݸװǶƷЧޣüöȥ죡
ԱϣҰɴĴӻ鱳һԾ𣬳ذ칥ɱ˹ȥлڴȣ飬ȥˣ
ȵеƿ֪ҰôʱҲ룬öС
佫ǿ˵˲ָɵĳǻŭеҪǿһڽöȫ¡
ʱһӿڱڣ˲ͽĵȫӴǵľʹŭХһذϻսһ

ͭսصذϻеѪɫذϣذϻĵֱһһ죬սƥ
ָΪĳ񣬾һͷͻ˷Ƶذϻĵչ˲ҵĲɱ
Ұ֮󣬾ûڹٵĳذ졣
Ѿƣ֧ţʱܻ䵱
ҰĻ治ʱ򣬺ߣΣҿҺΣذߣа׹Ǵ񷣬һضµķģвࡣ
ذɫֽǸ߲ͷĸ߿գ˿˿ƵĹ⻪
߲ڣڷҰǷǳɵģаЩ
ҧأذĹ
飡
׹Ǵڳı󣬽һ򣬿۵һѪ
ҰôҾ͵潫Ƿ׸նɱذƲˣЦŻӶеİ׹ǴХųȥ

һҰͻأĳڳǰеħԵ𣬹֡
䣡
ħ׹Ǵײһ𣬹ԭһ޴ķ籩նѹһŤɳʯҶ졣
ذıɱһҰӲҰһԣذ
Ұôﶼ㣿ذŷҰһʦӡ
ղӸµһ÷ҰҲֻܽź֮жȥеĴռ˾ԵϷ磬ԷҰЩӡ
ҰʼջֻǸ佫ڵʿ㹦Щ⣬Ҳаܹ֮ɱ
ҰȼŻ棬˳ֵݸ߰öõֱذ˫ЦĴ½ˣ½½𣿡
ذüëһӳеĻһɨɱ֣ĵΪԼ˵ҹ£֣ҽҲҪ׸ȫ£ҳ֣һ£
ǷС˭˭һأҰŭһȳذŭȥ
ڰգҰеĳתǰУԽԽۻ룬һɰԾصĵ͸
һ̣Ұ·ħΪһ壬Ϊһ񵶣ǰʲô赲Ψһ֮
ɽӣһǰ
һɻŭΪѪնɽӵӰӣںеɱУƾ춯ء
⻹ǷҰԾĿƴﵽһߵľ֮󣬲ܹġ
ɱ֮󣬷Ұλ֮ĿƸЭתı仯Ҳӵϸ΢ħ֣·صƣηɱذ졣
ɱ£
ذһ׹Ǵϸֳµķģɷ뷽Ұħײһ
䣡
ħͰ׹Ǵһ𣬴һ޴ĺһεĲ˷
ˢ
˽ŵʱ򣬷ҰͷСѸٵĴӰһӶ
СڣҰһ˼ľ
ȻСǸ񣬵Ÿովûãһµûʲôж
ذ£ҰķӦвɵô󶨣СҲûʲôġ
СڴӰӹצ¶âذĲһӶ
ˣ
ذͷİ˿˿ƵĹ⻪Сڵ롣
ذ컹δһ۽ǵͼСһɷԵĹɫ䣬ܵĽԴһ
СǷצȻذĲϲ¼ѪۣѪ
ذõļʱһ¾ܹ촦
Сһ֮󣬾ͣķصҰļͷذֱߺߡ
ذ쾪һ亹һѲϵѪɵĶŷҰͷСڣʧ
ԣ˷ϵȴû
ţذǷʲôһĨеɫĵֻһͷޣ״̬ܸӦ֮һͷĺᣬһͷСʥޣ
ذ죬ҲδҲ²⣬СھȻһͷޣ


144 ذ֮
Сڵı÷ҰҲЩȣ׵ķذ죬۽ǵɨΧʲô
ԶѾסԶԾذϻġҲָ˲Ϊʣµķ׸ȫΧ£һçսѽѷ֡
ԼУ׸˺ռϷ硣
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ذ̰ŷҰϵСڣ㷽Ұڲ֣Ҳ׷뿪ģҰͷֻèһֻǱ޴Сޣ
һ״̬Сޣץز䣬ڲõĽһΪػ
ذ϶ȻһĨɱ⣬еİ׹Ǵ˸һĺɫģһ׹ǴһĹǰ͸һçϢ
ҰŨü΢仯֮Ĺǰ͸ѹκε׸߼ҪǿĶ࣬ѵһӡʥ
ҰδʥҲʥӦʲôѹɫǰ㲻ʥףҲʥԶˣһСľͿܻ棬а˾衣
ȥɣذһɫǰ˺Ѳ񷣬õжѿһϸ΢Ŀռѷ죬ƾ춯أ޻ڵŷҰͷ¡
Ұ۽ذϻս𾢶΢پеħǺɫǰײһ

һͳײҰǹٺˣǹһĨĮЦ⡣
ǹ£Ұٵذϻĵ󣬺ĻӶеħȻĳذϻĵĲȥ
ذ챾ЩɻȻɫǰԶ׸߼ҲûпܽҰôԶ
ţذͼ˷ҰذϻĻӵһĻһ亹ҪԮæĴгģСģ
ذѸոճڵʱذϻҲо˲ԣæعͷͼһħһĨĻȣ˲䵽ԼĲӸǰ
ذϻľûëڵһʱˣϸֳһɫġ
ͬʱеѪɫذ׿̧Ҫ·Ұɱһ
֪Ұٶȿ쵽˼£еѪɫذ׸ո̧ǰҰûһѾնϡ
һϵҲħͣһ˲䣬žԸٶȴһӶ
ۣ
ذϻĵͷ˳ȥͷʬȪһӿɴɵѪĵɽּ䣬һҳҰ˳ֽѪɫذƿռС
ֱϮᣬ˷ҰУͷ­ϻһŵɫ
ЩĿһذϻģŷҰ˵ͷͿٵɱçˡ
ģذ챯˫Ŀ˲ͨ죬ϳ˱ʹ
͵ܵذϻ֮ĹϵʮҪãǳ۰ܵܣڽɱ׸ˣΪ˰ܵܶȡһֵı֪ܾܵȻ
ذ޵ŷҰŭҰһҪɱΪı𣡡
Ұؾһ䣬˲Զ𣺡۸¸£ĺãɽУ㱨˳Ҳ޷ܸܵҲҪִ̫ţ͵ûܵܺˡ
ҰɵôЦȻذ죬Ц˵úãֻɫ˵ʡʳˣ
ףϴΪϴҶû뵽㾹Ȼ뵽ˣɷµĽӿڡ
Ұбذ죬ЦҪҵ¾׸ˣҾ͵նܵܣҺΣ
أСںɵĿǸСצԴץӲѡ
ۣ
ذ챻ͨ죬ҰͻһһͣŭģǷҰǾ仰һԼԼĸо۵һһѪ
ذŭɨ˻һۣ޵ŷҰϳ֮ɫ
ذ߾Ǹ׹Ǵ˫΢գ촽΢΢أһɬֿڵڴ³˾ǱһصΧ
ҰɫнħĶذ죬ذһֿ͸ĸоһεѹ
ҰٵȥӶеħذؿ£Ҫصط֮ǰϡ
飡
һħһص赲⣬ֵķΧδܿ÷Ұɵüͷ
նҰδƿǵ޷֮ϣ
ذĵУֳܽһģӰԶڼأڼ飬Լһ޵ħǲϱ任ĳд·ԽŶ
ذܵӰԽԽҰħ˫ְ˸ȸӡʽȸӡʱܴ
ذˢһ˫ۣ˫׵УԹŷҰָһһѪΧУ³ͳϵڣĲçʥ鰡֮Ѫĵˣǰĵ˰ɣ
δ䣬ذΧЩӰͿʼϵĳݣһõӰذۣ̤ͷҷ޷裬͸һϵѹ
һѹ÷ҰܵһΣУһĸо
һĸоȸӡҲ޷ֿӰ
ʲôʱ򣬷Ұ䣬еķٱãҪȸӡ
¡
Ȼ񷶼ʼһմѷڸ߿֮ϣһɰѹѹ䡣
ۣ
ذһѪɫɷһƬ⳹׵ӰҲѸȥʧӰ١
ಣ
߿езһɹǿذû˽ȥֺϣʧ֮С
ҰȻ׷ʲô仯ذѾҪطʩչϣȴһӱϣԼܵ˷ɣ⡣
ҷҰȸӡŸոʩչһС룬ٵĽеӡǱ£ټݻȸӡ
Ŀ죬ҲеһѪڣذܵķжǿ
ʥӣʣµĲçɽе˲ɵþ
ϲһѷ죬ɢһ޵
ħͨˣ쾪һǡһѷ죬û˽ȥ
Ұ΢ʱ䣬ħͨҲÿˡ
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꣡
Ա߶Ȼһѷ죬һѪڣû˽ȥ
Ұһžͼִ˳ϸֳһħ⣬żһɫ⻪һص
趯˫ᣬҰ£ߺߵĵģռͦǿģķ˺öųǿˣ
֣ĳһˣħپףһŷҰ˵ͷûһռѷ֮С
˶֪ħͨʱޣǲȥֻܱ棬˶δǹٵûһռѷ֮С
Ҳ߰ɣҰһŻСûϿյһռѷ֮С


145 
ҰٴνǸУԽǹǣҲԽӴ󣬵úͲܿƵת
ȻҰǰһѾ׳֮⡣
ٵ˫ᣬάס˵ƽ⣬ڸ߿
ͷȥҰٴμǸ޴ޱȵĺɫУţ͸һɹļµĿֲѹ
ʱܹһӰб˳ڷħĲͬطһάƽ⣬ΪǱڵϣûһܹҰڸ߿
ڽħ֮ǰҰɷķ⿡սһвڵһʱϳ
Ұˣ
ߣȻųˣ
½Ժһϯ֮أ
콾

ħȺ۷׷ףĽ˳˵⡣
ħɽ˺ǿ߶Уѹѹغ棬Լ֮󣬻뿪ֹ˶ϡ
һӷħгǿ߶ߣ˵طϲá
Ȼõ񱦵˶ڴ̸֮ͥԼõı׸󡢰츮׿ԽǸͲ
ħǿߣд󲿷ֶ˷ħڣʣĶȻӴ
˶гӣҲв˶ǶߣͿٵκԼϢٵʧԶȺǿ߶ѭǵϢ׷ȥ
ҲжֱӴҡڵ˳еվһ𣬻ȺС
֣ңңк
ҰԦѷħӥٵѹΣߣɱȻĵȳһûмذ죿
ҡͷϲһɷ޺޵ĵҳ֮ǰѾȥˡ
ô죿Ұɫɡ
һĽӿڵˣһֱӶÿռ뿪ˣ͵ǧ֮⡣Ҳ֪ȻҴ󵨵ĽɱǷ׸ˣҪлȻǿɾΣˡ
Ұ˰ֵ֣ܣûҪôذߣǲçأ
ЦذҲ湻ݵģ˲ܲʣˣʣµˣȻˣ
ҰŨü΢û뵽ذ쾹ܹݵĶ˲ܲʣˣһǳɳҲǸѲĽɫ
Ұնɱذϻģذ쳹׳С˵ذܷɵʱɵҲذϻĸ򣬸޴׷Ѱֻʱ
֣ҲˣҲˣ첽ҰڵλãˬʵĴЦ
Ұ΢ЦŵͷӦ
Ұվһÿ˶ȷǷ˶Ľ
ΨɷɨҰ˵Ŀг˵⣬ҰųǺ⣬֪ʲôʱȻʼദôǢˣпʼԼĵӡ
ʱƣǵɫԽԽۼħٴιرյʱҪˣɷȴһûǶǡ
ħУЦڵǿߣǷ⿡Ҳ佫еٮٮߣҲɷľӢȻһûжһֲõԤС
ӷħгЩˣв˶˸߲ңȻûеõȴ̸۵£Ⱥ˵š
ηħɳ˲ٴΨһˣǿһȺ˶ٶջ񣡡
˲٣ϧԵõź
оȻһħħ׸߼졢ذ졢ҰǶն񡣡
ħзһħ̽һֻƣܸϵһСҿţûһܻ
ħΧ˿ɲ٣еħ֮£еڶᱦбɱɷ˶ûӹܻųң

۷׷ףɷԽɫԽ˵УǶԵҲ˽˸š
Ǹü۳һطеĽȻеͷȶ˶٣Ѻ˷ŷҰŭҰ죡ôĵӣúݵģȻɷľӢɱǿս𣿡
׸Ͱ츮ȫŷҰˣȻҲ¡
һĵħᱦһβˣɷϣҲûմȾҷ׸Ѫǳҳ֣Ҿ͸ɵǣ˾ˣֻܹԼû£
׸Ҳأ⣬Ҫɱһͺķ˹ȥ
׸ħɽеǿֲɷҪսҲ޾壡
ǿʳ棡ҰҲĻӦ˾䣬޾η
ڷħǹǿѹ£˶޷Уȴ˿Ӱ죬򲻹Ҳܹȫˡ
ʵûҪ͵
Цһŵĵ˾ɱģ֮𣿲Ļս
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츮Уһü۳ʯӡǵҲҰ츮һݶ
ȫֻ׿Խ֮ǿսǿɾֿˣ˵½ϴƣ
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Ȼ˷ŭҲͬʱսŭǷҰģ⿡ЦڷҰУ
ҷ׸̫ϳϣҷ׸ˣ̬
磬Ұ츮ҲԹۣ
ҰЦһĻĲѷħӥ˫ᣬɷ˵ϿգӸµĵţүھͷб͹
ŵɫ쳣ԲǿߣڷħķΧڣҲ޷ڿնֻܸɵۡ
ǵɵʱϴ󣡾˵վͷʺˬǲİ
ҰɫһԴǵĵֻǴţ㵹ǿԣ
Χ۵˵϶¶Źֵɫһﻹǵ찡ȻôɷӣǲҪˣ
ҰȴԼԭ򣬼ȻѾΪУûҪԵ̫
ɲ߶ʮһƨɣһںķ㣬ϡϡģ㳯ɷͷȥ
Բۣʺ
ͷѷħӥ⣬˵
һͷͷʺɷǶˣ
ٺ٣²죬½£ɷǶˣ

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ɫֻ࣬ӳһƬŰɫĹģɷ˵ͷϿա
Ǻںķ㶼Ϣǵĸδ赲ֺԽĳ£ɷ˶ܵļʱȻմȾһЩںķ㣬ȳŻ
ȫɴ۾˼Ǳɷˣе쳣Ļơ
ûɣɷ˾Ȼıͷˣ
˳ԾȻûһ˶ȥɷοصˣ
ģͷħӥ࣬ôåƵģ
ҰȻţ¿ɷˣɷԲŹģ

õ½֮һȻͷʺˣǾԾȵŴͣϵı쳣ľʣֻš
ڸ߿յɪĵϴ󣬴Բ飬Ȼˬ
ԲĽϣҲմ˼ΣеСһɱǣ
ҰЦ飬ûУŴ볢أ
ɫз׸Ͱ츮ڣҰֲӰ죬ҪնɱҰǲܵˣٴȥֻɷĳ󣬴һӵȳ
ȻĿУɷ˾ȻͷˣǸе棬˼ŰеķҰѷħӥ
ΣҰ֮ؽᴫ½


146 Լ콾
ɷǱߣҰķͷһʱǳ죬Ҳ֮ϣ
˸ӵĿУҰӸ߿ս䣬ڳ˵ߡ
֣ճûôˣһɷôǱôһǵһμ񵱼˴Ĵָ
ЦɷԵˣ˼죬½֪ǽǱ
ҰϹŵЦݣҡͷ˲ңҲˣȻѾ𣬾ûҪǿ
΢΢üͷüĵ׵ӡǲѣڷħķΧڣǲʲôֻɷֶΣȥ֮ǱȻưոݣ㻹ҪСΪã
Ұâ˸֪ǲ׷Źҵģ鷳Ҳֲ˺ȥǸԳ֣ңҲô׵飡
ȫɵҪ֪ǽſԲǿߣǸһ󾳽绹Ҫ֮࣬𣬶ҰȻôţǶе˼顣
ǣŷҰ޵ķʸжԷҰӵ׽͸֪׻ʲôơ
ҰǴţʦʱ򣬽նɱڵ
˵û֮󣬻ԳܵĸɣأҪƵûǽҪģ͸ˣ
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ȻһЦݸҰһĵ񣬺ЦǼҷ׸ĵϣɷǳķﵨҲҽɽ֮УͷİɣҵİΣҷ׸ϣ
гһŵҰҲ
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ԴھϵѹΪ޹أһϵ־ܹײħƵġ
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أ߿ǺɫתԽԽСԽԽߣָ죬ָԭӡ
໡
һŭңңëȻ
ħǼһòܳɣüһļɵ
ôԵǾ޴ƵǰҲ㷣Ǹǳ½Ҫױðˡ
ҰɨһۼͷСڣǼţʱڣӦòʲô⡣ֻǣҲ޷ȷǼܹסãǱ뾡ԼʵΨԼĳɳܹӦԽı
ͳȫһųŶĿĹâħеĴ½ҪĴڣҰȻΪĿ꣬ҲеĶ־
أҳһѾģԲѡ
츮ͷ׸˶ЦˣǶ֪ҰսǸ⣬û˰˵Ļϡ
أ
СڷҰͷһУ̱ʯ˸˷ܵĹСצȭţԵ쳣Ŀɰ
ףִŪһֱèҼǵûĻֽħ֮ǰ߻ûèħвӦлڰ졣
ɫŹֵСڣɵç˴սʱҺֻèҲˣڵذ춼ˣСɲ򵥣
һڣ˵۹ⶼҰͷСڣСڵһ̱ʯӣǸɷǿɰ
˵һ仰Ҳ˵ٸǽͰɡҰЦЦδ̫Ľ͡
ȻͳΣڷ׸Ͱ츮ˣ޷ȫΡϾСڵͷ̫󣬶ʱڣѱСĵá
ǰ֣صŷҰڷħУֵܳˣԺʲôõҵĵطܿڣһ岻ݴǣ
ҰЦŰֲֵؿһŷأȻԹۣţλõĻҲģ
Ȼģصĵ˵ͷЦһʲôֵܣֻ湻󷽵ģһ־ʮöѵڷħеõ𣿡
ҰɫŹֵɨһۣЦҲǶԼƵģǼЦˡ
ԼƵģͳͬʱɴ۾
ļǵãǵҩһһĵƣǶƷҩı־
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һ֣Ц֣Ҳ̫ˣʮͳ˶ƷʦҼЦǼʵİɣ
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ôʹﵽ˶Ʒʦľ磬ԺĳɾͻжߣƷƷǣƷʦ
˶ˣͬʱҲڰԲ²⣬ʹﵽ˶Ʒʦľ磬ʲôĴܽôĵӣ
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ҰЦЦҲ̧ˣƻҵĳɹʲߣдڽ
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ҰЦžܾһԼҪλĺ⣬ĳˡ
кδ㣿ѯʡ
ҰĿӳӹϹһĨЦݣ³֣콾󣡡
һۣжһĨ貵Ĺ⻪
׸Ͱ츮ҲĿŷҰ½жδ˽콾ˣǷҰ츳ȺҪУҲô׵顣
ҰϹţĿֱˣЦλûȤȥ콾
ҲҰȾЦ뷨ˣ콾һεӣһ콾յӻʣһʱ䣬Ҫ콾Ҳ̫⣡
ҲĳҲ콾ιһ£ʱǾ콾پף
Ұ˫˵ļ򣬴ЦǾô˵ˣһԺһ콾ǣһˣǡÿ·һ
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Щȵ˷Ұһۣѵֵܣ˴콾²֮ңΣأм仹ãã󺣣Ĵ·
ҰȻһЦܼ꣬ʺ磿޷ͨ·;еĥ£Ҳý콾ˣ
˵úãҸ˵һҲ·ѿڶޣ÷׸Ͱ츮˶ĵǡ
Ұ˸һĻĲ鷢һӥ䣬ʧԶңңһ۵è


147 澳
ҰԦŻѷħӥӭ籱ϣħɽг֮󣬽뵽һƬɫĸ̲С
һƬߵĸ̲ǵʯݲκεΨзʣڿ
ɢһİɫǻȼպңǿ֮ѪѪ֮أ϶
˼ͰɽҲɽͣһƬ̹;ޱ޼ʣһƬë֮ء
ݼţ
ȻҰѷħӥͣУ˫ɨǰȵ󱲣ɣ
ףСͦģ֪Ķ㾹ȻҶ·һĮŮü۳һطеĽͻһͰСɽгڷҰǰ
ͬһʱ䣬ڷҰ˷ڿնγһΧȦס˷Ұȥ·
ҰŨü΢˽⣬߸˱һѰ͸ϻֳһĹģϢǿ
ҰЦ佫ԲˣǻƵĳ
еͷųɫģ͸һɹɷĹߵԴɷֵһ̣͵һˣΣ֮ȱľţֻҪɳźӹҲûʲô𣡡
Ұգħˢһ³Уϲһںɫɢõħӡĸֳ͸һĻѹ
㷽Ұֶڶְ࣬ΧҲ˿⣬κ˶ΪҪߣвп䵱
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Ұ΢ɽϵķĻ۶ɣÿһƬ۶˸ɭĽ󣬷צϷΪܼǰһؽױҲᱻһץ飡
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ӰҰһеħ˸ǧӰһںɫĻŵӰһħ档
ʱеâǧأӰ֯һ˸⻪ִǽŲµҫȥ

һĴ죬âӰеĵײһ𽣱飬һâ˺ѣڰײõĻ𻨡
еĵâӰ໥ܿ;ɢڰУҰҴϢԶĽţɫ쳣Ĳ԰ס
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ھѾôѲǸչ»ΪɷһλǿУ
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ͬʱһװŻƿУһ븹С
ʱҰеöҩѸٷֽ뵽֫ٺ֮У˲ĵָ롣
Ұɱ˸Ǵھ֮УҲϳ԰
ҰӶеħٵ뱳ײʮ£νˣٶȿ쵽£
ٳ嵽佫ԲǿԱߣħ˲һӶ
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ͷʬبڰɫĸ̲ϣ˵Ŵ˴쳣Ҵս


148 ٴͻ
ԶһϣҰͻ˳ɫ΢Щ԰ס
ǽŽϵԲǼϵܾ죬㷽Ұ츳ˣӦҲΪ
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ıڷҰǰΪȻĵɲڵЦܹġЦǸո̤ڣζδպãѾﵽ˷ĵزܹѣҲǺܲˡ
ҰԺлŸղŵļսڹؼʱ̴˾ȵľ磬ſռû
Ұ÷Ľһ˿ȷͬ죬¶ȸӡҲ޷ɵ
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СڷŵһԣҰһֽһöУϥڶ֮УĿʼ
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ħնǱϵ۵İɫϣĽĽƵģһǿһϯ˷ǰɫضһƤ
ҰԾһڶˣѪֱ
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ҰһеħһĨʮɴСĵ·ȫڡ

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ҰҪɱ㣡ԶǽЪ˹ŭг˷ŭ
ҰǷ˵ʬ壬ɱ˸
ߣȥĸҰһԾϻıٵŽڵķɱ˹ȥ
еҰԷĵȥԸˡ
ǰûãҰͼ˽ǷŭӰʱվڸ߿գ˫ɨ˷ȫѰԼӰ
ţүˣµԶҰĴѷħӥһ𣬿ٵŽų
С֣ɱɷӣһ㣡ŭϽɫ⻪˸۳һӲӵŭ巽Ұ
ţɷӢȫҸɵˣʣԼˣ㻹ʲô䣿ҰЦ̼
һŭɶѹһûг֣ȻȫҰնɱˣ
ҪΪǱ𣡡żһ˫ĿԹŷҰͷһ죬һڰУҡͷβĳŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ʮɳϵѹȴǿ߻ҪǿȻǽҲ
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ҰĬƵӡȻδȵľ磬Ҳ˲٣ٲ׽Ĺ켣
Ұ·һŽŽųɱ˹ȥ
֪һеͷٴγĽȻɱҰХ졣
Ұ΢Ȼ뵽ƹʱĳüͨеľӿڰнǸĻ˳
أ
һ𣬷·ХɫӰڲΣױȵĹ°ؼ䣬ƺƴ
ǼʱǼСƵģʼͲҿҰ
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ħ˸ŷҰٳ嵽˽ŵǰҰħȸӡӡһͷɫȸ˫֮䡣
ȥɣҰһֻɫȸӭŽŵͷ­ͳ˹ȥ
ŵ״¶ȻɫСɵĻɫӰУĸܵһļµΣС
룬ſٵĻӶеͷȣԼǰͬʱοܡ
䣡
һ޴ĺǽеͷֵѺۣһѪɫɷףǺȻ֮ɫ
ҰȸĮĶŽţһȭüϣźʮԶ
ǽŸ˵ЩʲôȻҰһ
һɰڽŵͷ­бըŵͷ­ϡãӰеȥ׹ڰɫϡ
ҲɱˣⶼɷҵģҰĮŽŵʬ壬ҡͷп
۸¸£ϼһˣϴ󣬸ϽʲôöԲ׿ԽĵλҲˣϿ϶ЩöģЦһԵɪ
ҰȽеͷƿռ䣬ʬһȴδκмֵĶ
ȻҰĿⶢϣһöָ
ռָҰɫһϲ˳ֽöָժ̽һ˿
ʱҰһѵϣеϵģеĵرһЩҩƿ
÷Ұǣ澹Ȼвҩӣ
Ұãһ潫ʬջ٣СڣվڻıϣűǰС


150 
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һӥ쳹һֻ޴ѷħӥʷɹϡɼһɫӰϣӢͦ°Ρ
ǷҰ
ʱ뷽ҰնɱλѾȥˣǰڿʼ˿˿ɫֲʯҡҷ
ǵǰУɫԽԽŨһߴľ֣Ͱɽ̲ڴǰɫĸ̲˳
ϴֵЩҩҲﵽǧҩĵز˰ɣŹѯʡ
ҰȻЦСӣＱʲôٵȼ죬ǧҩˡ
췢һܵӥ䣬ٶٴ˷ܵĵ۸¸£޾ҩ֧֣ҺСڶܹӵиǿ콾ˣ
ҰЦСӾͻϹ£ھ콾ңԶĺܣյ֮ǰϵ㲻ˣڵΪû򿪿ռ
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Ұ³һ֪콾ýҲ׼İɣһᾡܵԼʵԻ콾ģ
أСڷһߣǵڷҰϲ˲䣬ɿɰ
ʱһ޴ĳгڷҰҰУ޴ĳǹصĳǽһ̫ħڵƽϣռ
Ұ΢΢¶һĨȣ޴ĳУȵγҲֻСǽϲ˰߲ĺۼҲ֪˶ˡ
棬һʯͨ˷
·ϲ˽ˣʱŻıڶ¡죬ɷǷ
ЩۼɭȻ޶ǷƷѲ׽ѱǲƴ߲ӵС
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ҰָһߵСӻ治֪ߵغȲ˵һ˵ѶǷɷ֪Ƿħз飬ҲɷǺ֮ˡ㶼ҵˣôĵĳɷĵ̣˻ǲˣ
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СڷһУɵͷ̱ʯĴ۾Ǻ档
СڣҾǻ飬۸¸£ûǧ򻯣һ죬ǰ;ıĵڷҰһֻϣСڻ˻צӣǷ
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СڣֱǶͶ̥Ƶģһֻצżȣһֻצϱ⸬ɣʱػԣǽá
ҰһӷħгǾһֱ׷ɱҲûʱ俾ҰζԣûСڶӡ
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Ұδ̽ҲΧʳ͵Ľ̸еõһЩϢ
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콾ô궼û˽ȥ˭֪ȥ˻أ

Ұ΢΢һ˿ܼɷˣʱⲻֻһѪɱ


151 
ھ¥гԹ緹ҰСںͻڴ˴뺣߻ңԶбҪ׼һЩϡ
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ҰδֱӸҪƷϾڻֻһֶƷҩǻ
ƷҩĻַȣϤҪε۴󲿷ֵľ顣
ڹϵ龧Ұǲģڷħɱ˶ᱦ龧Ž龧ҲӦܹӦĹ
ʵڲУϻʮöԼһЩﵽǧҩҩģνǲƴ֣ûʲôɵǵġ
ڵĵ裬ϲඣ
ѱޣŴ縰ıرӭѡ
ϺõϣմһżԳıϣ߹·Ҫ
ֵ߶ŲڴߺţΪԵ̯λ⡣
Ұżҵɨһ̧ۣžߣЩ²
ȻڷҰԺ𣺡ϴǼкö
Ұ΢𣬻۹ɸߵĺܣϵĶԶǳ׵Ķ
ҰɫŲ߽Ǽ꣬ĿĴӵɨ
굹ҲС쳣Ŀ̨Ƕǽϵļ϶˸ָϣЩ޵ĽǣЩɫʯиι״ȵȣĿ
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Ұ˫Ŀˢһ˹ȥͼһȭͷСʯӾһĻϣմȾһɫѪѿ˵Ѻۣһɭĸо
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ǵԱ΢΢һĽĿӷҰеɫ龧תƵöɫָϣѸٶĵЦݣͷĵԵȣϸˡ
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Ұո˵֮߳󣬲δʹȥϵСһҲϷ֣ûаǽȥϡ
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Ұҡҡͷ̾Ϣϧѡ˶󡣡
СӣΪԼӳȥ𣿡վڽȥһǿЦ
СӣˣԹ־ܣʡĻҪүԶ֣һǿ߸š
ȥֹǣŷҰϷʵЦЦСӣ˵ûᡣöԼռָڵĶңٽһүүһһ
ʲôҰʡ
үүȥЦ
ӣҰųӦһϳЦ⡣

Ľ˿ССèҲЦ
ȥɫ࣬߳ŭĴһϣɱ


153 ǿƵ
Ұһ࣬ĳ෽һ佫ڵꡣ
䣡
һƵ촫˻ûӦͱҰϣ˲ȥ죬ѪҺӱӺͿӿ˳ήڵأ֪
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׷ȥɱȥһǸڵϵ꿴ûһۣȳŷҰɽɱ˹ȥ
ҰǹһĨĮЦݣܲΪǣǲڴɱˣһ˿ԼݾҪعˣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ڽȥɱʱоѾɱвμΧ˵ˣһŹ
Ұżɺʯ㣬ʱץסٵȥͬԳһ㣬ܿ뵽
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ȥͷŭԽԽʢ׺ں󷽣ѾԽԽ׷ֻǳ⡣
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նǵδֹͣԾĽ˵նѪȾ˱̿գĲҽ
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ڷҰֵʱһӰһӰҲ߿˸СڵצҲմѪֺ顣
Ƭ̣еһʮ˾ֻʣ½ȥǿߣ˱Ұնɱʬɢһأûһġ
ǽȥʣµǿߣʱҲɫɷףϢɢң϶ðѪһԾҵĴϢš
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һɿռ䲨ҰͬСһһʧڰС
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ȥӰ˳µźһۣ˿ǿƵļһòǴ콾߳İɣ͹ˣҿϵĿռǱħÿֲһҪϵ
Ȼһռ䲨ҰȻǰв˱ɱ⡣
ȥŵøεѣ׷Ұô֪Ĵͷλ׷Ұôģû˿Ѫɫ
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֪˾ǷҰʮӣҲҶԷҰְ
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ˣ˵ֻȥˣҰĮĻӶеħһѽȥΪ룬ѪȾ˴أѪȶҡ


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ҰӲݣ߳гǱȥµľѽЦôˣ飬СڣȻ棬Ǿ͸Ǻú棡


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Ұڵݻʱ򣬾ԻݻľԵʣάһ΢ƽϡ
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ħȥƲٿӵͷ­һ࣬һΪ룬ѪȾ
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161 ʦ׷ɱ
ʦܣҺ
ʦŷҰģȴûϵҰͻ֮ǿô࣬˷һͽʦնɱýг˻ںޡ
ԹŷҰüֹӡǽ˸Ъ˹ĵС첻ɱ㣬ĲΪˣ
ҰĮеħĻնϢ֯⻪ƣηĳ򽭷㡣
ҡеĺɫսꪣս˸ɵķģϢмųӭħ
䣡
һ嫵촫սħײĵطһɹɾ޴ϵĲʬ裬Ѫ졣
㺧ȻŷҰڸոյײУȻûռ˿Ϸ磡
ͻһ磬Ұսµĵز츳β
ɷһʲôĶְ
һ˲䣬оͰ¾÷Ұߣ򣬽
һһʯ״ķĳУѸųһĨҫ۵Ĺ⻪Ѹǵʧ
Ұüë΢ûﾪеϴɷĴѶɷԮܿҪˣǿߣ
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ףȵȣѷħӥ
ĲţԼ䣬˸׵Ĳ²⣬ԼţȴһֱĲ²⣬пģ
ҰĶҰߣٵƳһпɳ籩ɱУֻ󽫷Ұסһʱ̣ȴɷԮҰɱ
ѪնɽӣҰһųһ貵ķģħ˲ϢȻΧĿɳ籩ϡ
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ħƲһһǰƣźɫսֱϮ㡣
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䣡
޴ĺԴͷʬص䣬Ƭҳڤ
ҰҵĴϢһʬԱߣѽĺɫսԼĴָ
ϴһѾ˰֣һʦǾ군ˣ²˳٣Ͻ뿪齹Ĵߴ١
ҰҲ֪ػħټһſռʧƬռУʬ嶼Ͼ١
ҰûãƬռٴβһ뷢԰׵߳ƬС
߿ͺͨ˲࣬ûκΪӣȴ͸һ޵ѹȸС
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ͿҰԺĳɾͣ׷߶еһȻⷽҰɳɷԲк³
׷â˸ĿиӦһһӣгһĿռ䲨˾ʧС
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˵ոһս쳣ļѣҰȻ쳣ֵãѽ󻼸ˣͻƵ佫Բ磬һڻľ֮ںϣõ˿ռָսƷνǴա
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أ
СҲһԸ壬Ҳ֪Ұǳóԣ̲סͷ̱ʯ˸ԻĹʣ
Сٴλָ˺ɫһë˿ӰỬɷѾɣҰҲûСٱɫģ·϶Сľˡ
ҰЦʱɷΧֳô飬ɷȻưոݡ⼸컹ͣɣȳɷΧ֤ǳԱ㣡
𣿳Ա㣿ûлˣһϵһҵղ˳÷Ұͷ󾪡
ȻδӰҰѾȷֵģȻǸʦ


162 º
ռȻֵƣ·նصٸ°׷ߵӰԶճ֡
ӰٺϵǰӰУǰٴεµӰڰһɫƥҰ
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ɫëâɫͫг𾪣æΣգϴϼһǸڵǿߣ
ҰһͷƤ飬նɱɷԲǿߣû뾹Ȼʦ
תۼ䣬°׷Ӱͳ⣬ʮӰ϶ΪһصһһϮµİ׷ߣɱƣŷҰĻ˹

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ȵϼһԶȥ֮󣬷Ұٴγ𣬿ʧڱ


163 
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Щ˵ϲûɷı־Ұ΢΢˿Ƽˮ꣬Ҳ¶ˣһһСﵽϣתҪȥ
С㣬ֻèеҪҵǧѩΣǸŸٵĹ󸾽СڿδǧѩΣɵþ
еÿ죬ͰѷҰǧѩοеøɸɾСڵܣʱʣС룬û뵽ȴǸϳˡ


164 ϵħ
ǸŷٵĹһͳڷҰǰüһˮ͵ӡһûĿлȵĶҰСڡ
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Ұոɢǹƣ˶ܵһɾ㤵ϢǹˣҲеһ쳣Ӵѹɲ
Ů΢΢üΧ˽񣡡
Щˢˢ˺ٴվŮĿ⾯ŷҰȻǾϸѵġ
ŮٴνĿתƵҰϣ΢΢ǷǷϿҵĵǲûж⣬ֻǸոտǧѩ֥Щʧ̬ʵǱǸϣѲҪϡ
׻˵ֲЦˣŮʾãҰɫ΢΢Щֻɱ˿˿裬Ĺ˹֣ĵҲλͻûµĻλãʹ˱
Ůæȵȣ
ҰĿɨŮеâ˲
ŮϢһͣǹһҰǹѹȥŮ
̣ԼܴáŮһźۣǹƵԱߣ˵¶һĨεɫ
ŮŷҰǳǳһЦţˣû˼ֻ£ǸʳǧѩǴӺδģҺҪܸ֪Ļл
˵˶ŹֵŷҰֿ˿ҰϵСڡ
ǧҩι裬Ƕе൱
ͬʱǶԷҰҲǺ棬㶼óǧҩ裬ɷĵҲûû˴
Ǹ˵вɵһ˿ɣòûϳǧҩɣ
ͷոշ𣬾ͱˣոϵǹɷɲǼٵģǿҵɷеľ˵겻ʶǧҩԼţ
ǸŮ̬һֱѺãҰҲЩøУЦЦҲżõģǶħɣǸСеõġ
ô˵ҲɫǴӷħеõģܵõǧѩλ϶ǾɫĹ͡
һĨʧɫҡͷ̾ϢԭǷħҲ˵ǵطȻ㶼ˣǷħҲѾٴηӡˣٴνˡ
ҰӹһĨɫŮ˼ڷħ̫˽⣬ħѷն
ŮҪǧѩΣҰ˾䣺ƹҪǧѩк;
һϮȹ裬˷ȥЦƳǣλںħϣǰЩӣҸЩˣҪһЩҩˣҩѾ룬Ͳǧѩˡ
˵˶٣ٴθֳһĨǣͳĵƳ۵֮һԼսǼҸδָǽвС鷳
ҰƬ̣ӿֳһĨЦ⣬ǷħȻ޷ˣǧѩΣҵǻһꡣ
ĻУѿڶгϲڴ
Ǹ˺һȺ»ҲϲŷҰȻǧѩζ˵ǳҪ
ҰһһǧѩγУЦЦŮĵ˲˵ǧѩεļֵɲһ㣬ǷҲó
ռָǸ΢΢üëʣµĺ»ĿҲ˾ȡ
ռָݳƷӵпռָжڰԲ²⣬²򵥡
û̫ŷҰ˼ЦЦ¶һھӨıݣ촽΢ʧˣϣλ֣ǧҩļֵƱѰһḶĶ
˵ţӻóһɫ˲Σͨ巺һ㴿Ļ죬ɢһƢ㡣
ǧ𾧲ΣҰüëϳҩ
ȻһЦ׵ѺǲδҵǧѩΣȴҵһǧ𾧲ΣǧѩεļֵͬҶٸһ龧Կġ
ҰԳǧݵļֵ࣬Լʮ龧£ŮһǧҩȡǧѩΣ⻹һ龧ĲҲǺгˡ
ǣҰȱľǧҩ龧Ҳн򣬶˵ô
Ұʼ磬ﵹͦгģʱҪǧ𾧲ҲûʲôôʱҲȱ龧ûʵõĶ
΢΢һ뵽Է׾ͿóǧѩΣЩǧҩ治ôں
˼Ƭ̣ӻóһȭͷĲƵ񣬵˹ɵҲûʲôöǼҸںħõһܣע֮󣬿Ա˴Сܹӵ佫ڵʵ
˵ǸЦЦȻ˵УҲζáܷӳĹȻǿʵǺܼӲҲ޷ʹ֮𻵷ֺ
ҰĴŮеĵһȭͷСĻɫ沼˵ѺۣѲƲϡɿıЩ𣬵ͷǣ쳣ĹŹ֡
鱾ɵĹڷҰϣǸƵĵ֮󣬴ӷҰȻһѱסǸ񣬷ȥĵġ
ϴǾϵħһҪ˵һǧҩʮ꣬꣬Ҳֵû˷ܵڷҰԺ
Ұ΢۹ɸߵĺܣܿϵĶȻǼ򵥵Ķ
Լ䣬ҰһָоΣ׬ˣ


165 ˲è
ȥвɵһŷҰϵĽ˿ϳ˲졣
ԼҲǸ佫Բǿߣֻӵٶô죬һеĿܵͱˣ̲סŷҰϵĽ˿࿴˼ۡ
ҰûԣҲƵĵǸöȴ˿ɫ˳ֽеǧѩε˹ȥЦȻӵĺϲǾͻܵɡ
ϲĽӹҰеǧѩΣСһٴŷҰͷл
˵ܵ񼸺ûʲôãԶһǧҩļֵߣҰҪܵҪǧ𾧲Σе⡣
ͷֳһͷΪԼϲ͸ǧҩȡܵ²һ㡣
飬ʲôϵħ񵽵ʲôʲô;Ұ಻ס棬齻
鱧žϵħȥϲ̵ڷҰԺ𣺡ϵħԶʱڵĶһֺ䱦ÿһϵħӵŸضһʹߵսң޸ã
Ұϲһ͸ԼûˣҪûиãҲ˵þϵħĻܷӳǿսõĻֽûĸɣȷǸɶõı
ŲƲĵ񣬷ҰЩĵ׷ʵѾôĻ𣿡
ĵϵħĲʳ󣬾ѾƣҲô׾ͻġ
ֻ䷢ӳ佫ڵΪҸоϵħҲûʲôİҰȻôš
鲻мĵãⱦﵱɸͨĿʹã϶ûеõϵħרܷӳ佫ڵΪҲ㲻ˡרħڲʦҲԷҲֻܿ񶦵пܻõ
õ֮жҰˣЩڴ
Щ˷ܵĵƣҪõϵħϣٿԷӳڵΪǣԲΪҪǣκθɣ
Ұѹֻ˵ϵħһֺ䱦ǲƵģҲܷӳôǿ
ľϵħǸжֲ
ֲϵħӦ漰ħĲ⣬ҵӦĲʣ޸ϣϵħָ֮ʱԶԶ󣡡
ҰĳȣⶫڱлǸƷУһı
ȻҰ뵽һЩԾĵطæѯʻ飺ؼ䲻ǽϵ𣿽ľˮףϵΪνоϵħ񣿡
ϴ˵Ҳûǳϵ֮⣬ϵħ漰ʱͿռ䣬ʶ֮Ϊϵħ񡣡
ʱͿռǿʦϵľ漰򡭡Ұ»Ȼϵħʶӵˡ
δλӸγƺ˷Ұĳ˼
ҰҲδԼҪ߳ɷĵ̣Ҳûʲô˼ɡ
ԭǷӣʱĻȥƳƳʱӭ΢΢˵ͷŷҰ롣
ǸԼʮ»ɫҲûʲô仯Ǹ˵ҰƵġ
ǵɫαҰҲǵĻ˰˳ɣƶԷǴںħϣ½㲻̫˽⣬û˵ҲҲʡ鷳
Ů룬Ұ뵽һǴǰʯ߳ģֱѯʵǴʯ𣿡
΢΢ףӨ׵˸ŵӨԣЦǵģǾסĵطʯ󷽡ʯֺصʧһֱʯ棬ʯеĲҲϤȻĻǿɲҺҾͽʯ򡣡
ҰһǡҲҪȥһ˺ħȻƳҲںߣǷĳȴ֮ˡ
ǳӭ϶ЦݣҰߵλˣҰŵ֪С̣Ϊˮ塣
뷽ҰˮҲû
Ƴ۵󽫻һսһս˵δҰ֣ǴӷҰ͸ǹɷҲܹƲ˲ǣ˵Ƴҵð֡
ҰŻСڣһ˽뵽֮С
ոսʯ򣬷Ұ͸оһ޵ľЩң޷ķλܹΧССĻʯͷʯһۿͷ
һ˶ﻹϤŷҰ߹հƵģȻڴ˵쳣Ϥ
ѵھзǳӰ죬ʦпܻᱻ棬ҲϤеһС֣ǧҪһߴ˵طǿɾ鷳ˡ
Ұ΢΢ͷܹܵǹĿ£ھ쳣ӴҲԸգ󣬵ҲΪС
軹ɰŷҰϵСһ
еӡҰЦЦӻнӹǾϵħ񣬷ַ뵽ƿռ֮С
鲻ĺһڷҰļϣһԽĴ۾ĶΧʯ֡
ܱܲĻϲŷҰϵСڣСһĽɰ
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СһӷҰ˵ĻʵɽϹ˹⡣
СһﻹͦԵģ»ϲᱧСڣȥĥ䣬ϹЦ⡣
ɫèҰŨüһСŭȳԼһ˿ʡ
ͷ˲è
Сһ̱ʯĴ۾¶һĨ޹ɫᷢһĺ߽УԵ쳣Ľɰ
ﱧСڣḧСǳаỬëЦĻ֦Ҳ
һɺ»ҲֱֱСڣ˵ŮĴڣ˶޲Сڡ
ģģèҲүұ˿Ҳ󰡣УҲҪȥ¡ץڷҰԺвסһǰ
΢ܵĲܿǰҪû˻ϣһĺ߽С
أСڳŻƤĽһĻﹰ˹˸һĵ⡣
кߺ󣬳ĽɫɫëϹ⻪ʹ
Цˮڶ»Ŀɿڴֻ˿СèɫŹֵŷҰ
Ұͷϲ˺ߣץס˻Ĳӣ˿ﰴԼļϣ֣ûĵСڣĲȻ
鲻죬߷߲ƽСڣҲû֡


166 ƳǸ
СһӣùЦˡҰǸ
Сһǻ飬ıֻ涪ˣ
ǲôںḧŻСڣЦûϵС治һ㣬Եĳɲ֪ӿɷ
Ұÿɷʼ磬Цͬ⣬Ҳû
ͷŻСèЦݿĵСһ˿ͬŶͿ˼ˡͬˣʹһ𶯣ǲͬĻԼȥ˰ɡ
ҰĿɿڴЩԼǷˣȻջСڣ
СڵĴ治һܹȵģ
СĻٴι˹ȻĿУĴԾٴڷҰϣϾԼСצӣȻԵá
ɫŹֵŷҰû뵽ҰȻôСè֮ǿ
֮࣬Ľ
СڵķӦҰҲЩ⣬Ȼ֪Сڲ׸ߣҲûϵСڻ˸ɴ࣬Щж
תͷҰҼϵĻ飬ǳЦСһղ㲻ǻ㻳ھлˣСèڳλˡ
ЦһĻȥЦķǳĳ죬ĺ˳
Цˣ˿СèҲòСèõһֻ˿Ҳ
ҰŤͷȥٿˣѾԤϵ˻һĶ
Ȼһ׼סʱ򣬻ظһţһڷҰҼϣЦš
ϵЦݽӲϣܿתΪ˿Ц΢ЩεĵСһǵƤ
Ҳ֪˵ЩʲôˣСһһһƤȴ԰ȻǶԷҰأź
Ұʼ磬̯̯֣͸߹ˣСһǳӣ㲻Ҳû취
Ľ˿СŷҰԴϷ֣һûûεӡ
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ŷҰʯţҰźħΧ÷ҰԺħЩ˽⡣
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ɲ⣬޾ĺޣƬҲ֪˶ãĺﲻ֪֪ˮԣȴ½ĻɽҰе޻ҪѲ
˵ںħʦڣõĻ˵Ĵ߼Ĵ
ںħĿ򣬻ǽڿз裬Ŀ쳣ԣɲ˶þͻᱻ޸ɵ
ǳ˴еĻֻҪܿһЩר򣬵û̫⡣
̫ǿһƯĻҲᱻΪԣܵӭͷʹǰҲҿ纣ս
ҰҲˣΪ½֮Уͳ˶޾ذ챳
½Χ󶼲࣬ӵ쳣ǿĺޣҲΪЩ˲޾Ĵ½İ
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Ұδ˺嫵ĺ󣬺ޱߣ׳źζĺ紵գ˵Ļɵñÿ
ħɫտɫһ÷ڵĴɫ͸һ˵˵鶼ɵóС
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ӣǰƳˣңָǰ˷ܵĽܡ
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ýˣҰſƳǻϲϴͨǺΰǳǽǶ˺еıǡɢ˿˿ⱦûʣȴͨǵǸԹ
Сˣȥһ˻δ˾ϲĽ˳˽ȥвٻӭ
ˣЦӭĻкһҲûгŮļӣ崺硣
Ұ΢΢ףΧ𾴵ĿпԿĿеĵλɲͣǷĵ𾴣Ҷ쳣İ
ҰѣƷŮӣҲǸɽ֮ˡ
ƳǻĴ£Ұ˽뵽ƳУΧԷÿһ·г𾴣÷Ұ˽ĸӵˡ
ΪźħԵʣƳڵĽҰĴжЩͬٵĽ涼ɺǵҲһȤ
ű̾͵Ŀ·Ұǽ뵽˳ĵĳǰйܼҴŻſھ
ƵǰȥЦǸܼҵ˼ôԳ˰
ǸΪĴȰЦǺǵĵҺüˣⲻǵ𣿶ˣҵǧѩûУ
ЦͷŷҰʾ£˵ҵˣλӣȻûô׾͵õ
ҰЦŰ˰֣ȡˡ
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۵ʱˣҵǧѩΣȻʱүڳĻǾӮҲ۵
Ұ΢ԣƳ۵ʲôֻûж˵ҰҲöʡ
鷳λӰŸԺ䣬ҺȥŰԸһŷҰһˮһ𣬳ųȥ
ӣ룡֣ŷҰʾ⡣
Ұͷлڰ󣬴ͥԺһľԺС
Ժ㲻Ϻܴȴ쳣ı£滹мɽȪ滨ݣȪˮлСɵͤӣǶ¥ҲΪġ
ӾʱŰɣʲô飬֪ͨ澾ˡûĻȸˡϹŵЦ⣬ŷҰ΢΢֡
Ұһ񣬵Цϲˣڴ˵Ҳ̫ͣãҾͻ뿪̫鷳λġ
Щ˷Ұһۣ΢΢˵ͷȥ
Ұɲϲźţ˵ҲԸ¶ԸԺе澲ɴ֮󣬾Լ뵽˸¥֮С
ҰСǰǰػ¥Է͵Žﻻľϵħ˳
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ҰҲڴھϵħͷиֳصСӡǣһɹصϵħС


167 Ȫ
񶦵Ϣ쳣أǺ޾Ʈ˿˿ƵĹϵħС
СĹ룬ϵħʼɢһɴߴĻɫ⻪ֲͬһĻɫһĻɫ䶼ڡ
ڷҰע£ϵħ濪ʼֳصķģ񶦵ǵ͸ȥԵ쳣ء
ȻҰһ˫бһ貵ĹâӿֳһĨϲɫ
ľһֱ񶦵ڸոգܵͻĳһεĹĤ֮һɴϢӿԺ֮С
ҰϢ֮УϢϵħл漰˹ɴϣ÷Ұие쳣ϲ
ֻЩ϶Ǵ˵еĶҾʬаĻȶҰûҪռЩҲŲСѶȡ
ӿ뷽ҰԺеϢȴûʲôɬĶܿϵħϵħڲӡԼľ
Ұ΢ȭͷľϵħͬһĳ󣬱һСˮ뵽Ұڡ
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һԤУϵħ֮Լսõ˼뽭ϣȸӡͿ
ϵħûпôأڲϵħ֮󣬷Ұ൱ӵԲΪ
ˣϵħ֮󣬷ҰԹĸӦӵˣ˵ԲǿȻԶҲȷҰӦĹҪǿ̫ˡ
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ⶫ֣൱ֶһŵƣΣյʱҲһֱĻᡣ
һľϵħܷӳ޸õĻпܳʥҡͷԵĵ
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ͷϸ룬Ҿǵһȼ֮Żγɵһֽᾧ塣ʬаڶǿĵطһֹŹֵ֮Ļ裬֮һֺصĻ״衣
˶٣޸ϵħϣҲԵõĲϣĶ˵ƷС
һͣҰҲЩԺĻٲȥ
ɫѾڣԺе뷽Ұǰǰ磬ȴС档
СڵĽҰϵħ뵽ƿռ֮У˳ȥ
Ū澵֮󣬷ҰȻϲҲÿڣ˵ỹרΪõģҲƴǣ͸澺棬ŻСһȥǰ
ǰϵϯѰںãμԱ࣬Ұʶֻˮ塢ܼҰˣ뺷Լꡣ
Ұո̤üëͲźۼ£˵ϢжϳûһߣƳҲͷ
ҰĹ㲻ڴ˴ޣͺˡ
ǣôĴţҰ͸оԾˡϾ˶ǵһμ棬ԼʵΪҲ佫Բ磬УоǿߣƳҲڶһ佫ɣ
ҰаԾ裬ͬʱЩƣĺ«ʲôҩѵǼ⣬ҪԼ֣
⣬оϵħټϻСڣҰҲаտȫˣ
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Ұ˹֣ĵƹˣƹ׼̫¡˰ɣĳɳܲ𡣡
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ҰҲЩ죬Ϊ׼֣û뵽ھȻ˵άԼ治֪Ҫʲô
⣬ҰҲ˵ֱԤλᶶ˶˫磬СںͻǰϴԴ
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Լǰ磬ڻˣҰɲ룬͸
Ԥλˣ
һѪɫʢ磬Ҳ޾壡
ҰȻ壬ֵλ֮ϣжЩжڰ룬ôֵõϯ
һòϵص£ŭȵƣƣϴŮҲѡ񡣵ǣЩϼһһСһﻹ˵ҵȣϴҲɲ
ҲɫƵŷҰ˶Ÿŭݡ
СڳԵͣ˴֮仹ȥӣͷûֻ̧ܺԺȡ
ҰӣȻǸλãôˣҸոҲкǳԺˣֺ֮˵
ӻ˵ˮֹˣдһϣĵҶ԰꣬λģ޹ء
ˮƳǻЩģһڣ˾Ͳٶԣ뽫Ŀˮ塣
ˮͳһ͡һӵĮĳԣͬΪƳǵͳ죬һȼģˮ廹ûȨǡ
ˮĿڷҰϣĵλΪ˹ĵ
˵ĵеףеɻ󣬲һ㡣
ҰҲɵÿˮһۣ˵ǹĵʲôĵط
ˮ建ǰӣƳǳػ۵֣ǳں̽գһĵϷһȪ˵ǺħһڹȪ̼侫Ĺ֮佫ǿͻƵкܴá
Ұˮ˵ǶλػǿȪһͷھսһͷش룬ҲЩơǿڹȪޣһһʹãǱַӡǿڹȪԼðºһһսʤʤһռйȪ
ҰˣͬʱҲЩ죬벻ƳǸʦǿߣ
ҲΪеǧѩΣػδָ֣ǳȴĻ¶ԷпܾͻǿϾǿڹȪ൱ڼǿߣ
ˮ˵֣أиʦĴػҰǹȪҲһЩȤ


168 һȭ
ڹȪ飬д֪һǸòϵӺߵˮͳ죬㵱Ÿ˵˵ܴ£кͼ
ˮ岢δҰӣҲˣʤӿɷԸӦǳһΣǱл
ҰžƱЦŵĻӦлˣĳʲôȪǸȤҳֵĻҽǹȪݾˡ
ܣǸӶϺȣ̶ֵȪܹҲûٹãƳڲãָܷˣ
ˮü΢Ҳ֪ǹȪޣǴҰı꣬ϾռסһĻƳǾͻһҲ̫Щ
Ұʼ磬˹ĵƳǵõȪǰᣬҪʤǳԲСȻͬķһĻǾˣҲö¡
ߣƳǵ飬Լߡ
ɫã䵭ĵ壬㻹Ƴǵ˼ɣ
Ǹϵһ࣬ĳҲΪƳǵδ룬ָһĻ൱Ƴһĸ֣ϴĻҲͬɣ
Ө׵ϹһĨŭ⣬һﾹȻ̧ѹҲǳߵĵ۵ʵ޼ʤĻɣӮˣһò
ˮһ԰ԳԸܹҰϵɷ׷Ұһ佫Բȵġ
ǣҲûҰ֣ûףϸ˼һǳЦǴҶΪƳ룬ǡһٮٮ߶ڳǱһǿȥμ۵ıԡ׵ķΪأ
ǸòϵߵñƳһУΪߵѾ磬ǿ϶ҪȥġҲ佫Բ֣˾㹻ˣ
ҰЦѹһһֱڷԼ룬ԭǼһǱң˵Ƕӡ
ˮ嵭ĵһһˣǰʱ佫ԲҵĶȴǰŽ佫Բ硣
ǸòϵЦ˵ô࣬ԭҪȡҼҶʸ񣡿㻹ûôȨɣ
ˮ岻Ϊ⣬ĵǱѡһУΪƳ롣ҿöͷҰһʤ̭ʤһȥμӱȻҲнȪʸ񡣡
ˮͦģҰսʤˣ൱ƳǶһϡҰǰˣҲûҪึһҰҲʧʲô
һӽӿڵҲֻ֧ͬʤߡʤˣǾöȥλշСʤˣǾֻȥһУΪƳǣ
вҲʾͬôҪͷҰһѡ
Ҳ׵һַʽ
ǸòϵӻҪ˵ͼڵһվеһտڣŭãȾͱȣʤңҲ޻˵
ԣϾͻҰһھƣŻСһ䣬ݵߵǰ
ҰԲǿ߶ɱָո̤佫Բļһû
Сˣȭ벻ȷҰվȣڽһţڵһȥҰӦʱ
ˮ˶΢΢üͷȻ޳˵ҲǶʱİռãҲóֹ
Ǹ΢΢ףȭѾо裬ҲǳˣټִҰһֲһ¾÷ҰԸ
ŭ˸ٴμӴ·𿴵˷Ұ˵˵ĳ档
ҰϾվڳУйž޲ȵȭͷȭصĺ˶ȭͷϡ
Ұһȭ޻ڣҲδ似ǿ죡
飡꣡
һŹѵ𣬶ǸߵķƵĵɶһĲҽ
һĹܹԼٶȿϼҰľƹٶȿ죬Ҳ屶սʱ򻹿Էӳ屶ǶԵֵ˵ģ
Ը룬ҰѰ似öá
Ǹòϵˢһ³ڶ󣬽ס˶׹ӡ
۵һѪұ۶Ĵ࣬ܿƵľţָṈ̀һţȻڲĹѶϡ
ϯϵ˶Ծվ𾪵ŷҰ
ˮУҲ˺ȻȻԷҰѾܸ߿ˣҲû뵽ҰȻǿֵز
һȭ߽˶սҰǵ𾪣
Ұ˫֣һ΢飬ݵķϯ䣬ЦսԶ˰ɣ
ˮʱŷӦ˹Χ˵սҰ壬ûɣ
ǸΨ磬ʵһУҰ֣Ƴеڶͳ춼û
ߣߣǸòѹӷŶϯȥ
ʵˣҲֻܳзҰĸ߶ˣԵΣϽ뿪ˡ
ֵʵǿҾһһ׳˶ŷҰٱ
˾һսˣҰʾãҰҲЦŻؾһ
ӣ佫ԲʿɣǺ档
ٰҰЦ
һߣϯڻָӦе֣˴Ʊյ쳣ĻԾ
ȵϯҰŻСڷصԼסǸͥԺУСһﶼԵĲ٣һԣе˯ȥˡ
ҰɱȲУ֮жգһʵͶһֱĻᡣ
ҰԼĹ似Ժйһ飬ħӡ֮С
ħӡ׸߼似񶦵ĸ¿ʥ似
ħӡߵҪ󼫸ߣΨ佫Բ֮ſС
Ұյõ似ʱΪͻƵ佫Բ֮һֱɷǶ£һֱûʱڵȵЩ
ŷҰĳͷԽԽĸֳ˿˿Ƶɫ˿ߣŴתţܿͱ쳣ĸӶ¡
˿߽ģһ˫޴ͻأĳڲϣ˫ֽٵĽһӵӡˢһ´ֶϷϡ
һ¡촫һɫɫ伺춼ƬƬ顣
潥ģҰԺٴθֳǵɫ˿ߣʧ
ҰȻǸƴĻУǾ޴ӡĵ޽ͷһԺзӳš
֮󣬷Ұų˿˫ۣԼһɫĹ⻪


169 
ٴоħӡҰħӡµĸħӡһӡǣڵ޽ǸӡĹУÿһɻΪһǿӡÿһӡ쳣Ŀֲ
ӡ֯γһԵ׵ӡɵأ죡
Ұһָоһӡܸ֮ϵȸӡ
ȸӡȸʮ컯֮һڶĵر
ȸԴĵӡԹΪ˵Ҳ»㲻ϴ˵е似
ͷҰĹ似˵ҲΨƵӡпǾ񼶹Ǿƹδָ֮ǰԶԶ㲻ϣ
ǧҶ֡ױ񵶵ȣҲսķӳħӡǻľ˫ԵģֱΪһ㡣
ħӡǽ˫֣ҪȫǵЭڰɱеʽ
ҰĵűһһģԺеĹ켣˫Ľһһӡǡ
տʼʱЩɬľԽԽ죬һµӡ˫ּ両֣ɢһɹɿֲϢ
ȫ֮ͨκ似Ҫö࣬ο似ҰͬǴӷħеõĴ似ĸ
ôۺõ÷Ұյ쳣Ѹ٣һϣͶħӡ˴룬Ѿħӡľ衣
ڽУҰƵһӦ꣬һ˼ħӡУħӡԽԽϤһͿɶó
ÿһӡõĴޱȣֻǶӡϳɵǸԵӡȴȻ޷۶ÿҪڶӡںΪһʱӡͻ
ҰҲδɣ˵δȫգҲҲЩŵؼΪһƽ⡣
ħӡеÿһӡҪľ˫Եƽ⣬ǸһӡҪڶӡ֮Ѱƽ⡣
飬˵ףѡǷҰ˺һľڻľԵƽ⣬ħӡеѰӡҲԽ
һ磬澾͹뷽ҰҰһƻֺĴС
ڴУͼ˲ˣˮ壬ԼǴĸλƳǵͳˣÿ˵Ϣ
ϴαһȭɵĶ룬ҲȻСҰһͷȥҲδơ
ǸòϵĶɫƵŷҰʤܣնĶÿ
˶ŷҰͷкԵΪѺãҰҲͷ˵ͷ⣬ദĻǢ
ܿ죬˶ԾľҰתͷȥͼһΰͦεӴڵ
ӶͦԣֻʮͣȴһֱµĲɣУһֳӸλϡ
Ұ°Բ²⣬شӦþδıλػƳˡ
Ȼ˶ɵ΢΢˹ϲȬ
ػ΢΢һ֣ʱ˶еһ͵£ƽȵػº͵ĵλ񣬽Ƴ۵Լս֮գ׼ˣ
ˮǰһ΢΢ľ˴ѱãѡҲѡˣͷҰ
ػ΢΢ͷº͵ĿڷҰϣרڷҰСһɨһۣһĨ΢ɼľɣЦλؾ˷ҰˣȻ
ػŶȣȻδͷѹʦеϢǸ˺ܴѹ
ҰݵĹ˹֣ƳˣǷҰ
ػĿӷҰתƵϣǸòϵϣ뷽Ұ֮дҲ˵ˣξ÷ҰȥսɡʲӮⳡԣҿҲǹȪݡȫֵܣҰĹڣ˰ɡ
ػǶȫ쳣˽⣬֪ȫͲװݣŮⷽҰкøеӣҲȫ뷽Ұ֮ĶԹ
¶һĨɫ뷽ҰòֻҪȥǹȪݣаտڶʱڽ磡
ػĻּػĿеһ˿޵ȫһ֪ػȰ⣬ھ棬Ҫ
λϴȻʫˣǶȫףϴҪŭɲκӡ
ңػӦһȫҲͽ¿æĳȻϴģҲֻд£˴ţ̸йڣϴˡ
ػĵ˵ͷĿٴתƵҰϣüͻȻɱǿߣ
Ұ΢΢һЦƳĳɱҲֻ⡣
ػۺŷҰЦɷôŨеǿ߿٣ҿɲЩ⡣
е˶ŷҰǶ֪ػĹڸϢӦĺûյҲ˵Ȼ˵ҰɱֹһλǾ;д
ѹַҰԾʱԵôɣԭһɱ
벻ɵðң췽ҰˣȻĻֱۺָǿ²ֹǶôˡ
ȫҲ̲ס࿴˷ҰۣаƣСӽǸ佫Բļһôնɱֹһλѵ˵նɱʵ
ҰÿɷЦЦ˺ģ˲ңҲұ鷳ȻҪ鷳ҲЩˣֻܹҴ˶󡣡
ˮλҶˣڣεԼսһǺܷĵġ߰ɣǴĵںħҪʱ֮ǰϵʱҲǺܳԣɲ֣ǳȵ̫ˡػΪ͵ĵ˵ͷǹһĨЦ⣬˳ȥ
Ұػ߳мھ
ػһǰ࣬˷Ұϼļͳ죬ĵӣ⼸ҲԵӵ
Ұѡ˸˽ȥܿ˺ߡ
ͣһҸߴΰ¥ɺɵһ㣬һ㵭ĺɫ⻪ͷӲͦԸõķֿˮˣٶ
Ұϣƾңħһ޼ʣ͸һɫصɫʡ
Ұǵһůůĺ磬񶼲ɵ÷
С龫ֵСе棬ſڴͷϣźħżһβ࣬ʱطЦԵǵӡ

ԶĺϺȻһɾ޴ˮɫľ޴ǯһû
Ұɫ΢ǾȻһͷĻɫзԼС¶һͷٴǱˮס
Ÿոճûãޱߵĺħ治ǵ֮ء


170 ķ
ƬеһͷзЩǶͣϳƳǵĴҲǡ֪ʱ˷ҰߣǳЦŽͣں裬纣еľ顣
Ұַˣ΢΢ͷ͸½ϵ޲࣬иԵҲиԵ򣬱˴֮䶼ᷢģɱСģɱ¾ȴҲ޷ֹ
ণ
һ쳹ԶһͷʮɴСɫݴӰշɹϵë̫˸ɫúԶܸܵһ׺ɷٵԶȥ
ӥĵӲСϧȴ̾һҡҡͷ

һ޴ɫӺħгһڽӥ븹У´ƬѪȾһƬˮ
Ұ𣬸ոͷɣȻвںУǸʦǿߣһھһͷݣʵе쳣𺳡
ͷɫɨľ˴һۣǸӦػϵǿϢٴǱ˺ħУָƽ˿һ
££ǰ㷢ǳЦ˵һǸˣǸڣںħϿշУҲ׶༪٣
ҰΪȻĵУ½ϻҪµĶ࣡½طۼռ˴ĵ򣬶һʦڣĻҲޡںУһЩס֮⣬طĵ̣ҲΪ޾˭Ҳ֪жǿĴڡ
ȻһЦʵںħУЩģϾҪķ۵ˣλںħСħ۵в٣еڵϣеֱں׽ɹʵҲࡣȻֻռһС֣󲿷Ǻ޵ĵ̡
Ұ΢΢˵ͷҲףںħд϶ˢӣÿʦǿ
Ƿ۵жǿҰѯʡ
֪޲ԵĵƳǲɣһʦǿߣмԲǿߣ˴󡣡
˶٣ŷҰĵӺԺħǺϤѵԺңԶĵط𣿡
ʶüˣ⻹һѶʷҰ
ҰЦҴ½ϽǶҰħ˽⻹治ࡣ
תЩѯʵĵط²н֮ңô
ҰӹһĨ⣬ЦŵҵĿ½ħǸؾ֮ء
ɴ󣬾ŷҰԾĵ;ΣأҪһǰ½
ҰЦɲֹһǻСһ𣿡
Ƭ̣ƳǴ½ıԵλãȻ½ûʲôںħһЩġңʯ赲½ҲӰ첻ǡҲ֪ΪҪȥ½Ϊ½ĦƳҲǸѡҿԱֻ֤ҪƳڣİȫͲκ⡣
ȻΪ֮ʲôìܣ⣬ٻ÷ҰЩеġ
ҰɵһЦҡͷƹĺˣ鲢ȥ½Ϊ˱ѵģԼļƻ
΢΢ź̾˿ȻҲǿƳˣıˣ˵һУƳʱӭĵ
Ұܶһ˴½Ͻߵһһȭ佫ԲĶ룬ҪǣڻǸ꣬ԺĳɾԹ
ܷҰƳǵĻԺƳǵʵ١
˶δ⣬¡ҰȻ󣬵Ǿ鵹ǲ٣ѡһЩ˵治ѣദĵҲǳǢƳеǼλĽּʡ
ľ˴˷ˣܿԶ˺ߣΧɫĺˮ÷Ұһµĸ򣬷·񶼱ϴһ顣
ʻ;УҰӺħܵǿϢʱؿɿΧĺ¶ĳ޵ıɽһǣеһ޴βͳ棬еһѪһûеںˮ¶۾Ϣ쳣׺
ǸܵػϵϢЩ޶δҰһһ·϶оյĶɹ˹
ԶԶأҰͿһ޴ĵبǰλڿһ޴Ĳ෽ﳤһ޴ںϣ͸˿˿鶯ĵϡ
죬òһİɣҰ˫¶һĨȡ
ľ˴ĵڴ߿͵ĻȻͣһڷҰҼϣë׵ĺ¶һĨɵɫһԽɫͫһգգǰĵ
Ұ΢齻飬ǲǷʲô
ץɫһĨϲɫЩȷĵϴ첻򵥣һ޵ϢҼеĳϢЩƣֻһ޷ȷ
ʲôϢ㵽׷ʲôҰĺҲ
ҡҡͷЦϴҲȷʱͲˣò´ʧҿǹϢҾܹȷǲҼеϢȷٸ㣡ٺ٣ֶĻ֤Ҳۺģ
ҰƲƲ죬ҲЩڴûֳ̬ȣʲôöأ
أ
Сڼص˷ҰҼϣҲһһڹڷҰϣ
Сһռһ򣬾ǸԵרƵģǵ˰ѡ
ľ˴ܿͿ˰Ұ´
ӳǽ׵ϸɳǰïܵĴ֣ľٲƣľ͸һԴƵ¡
Ϊ˴һռݵԵʣ˴δޣԵ쳣ľס
Ұ´ʱһľðӰػ񣬵˴һ۵ҲǸողŵ
ػ΢΢ף˴˸ƣٴǱ뵽˹ľС
߰ɣ֣ǳǼһѾڵʧˣǿɲʧػŵһЦĵ˹ȥ
һУΪ͵Ҳ佫ʿߵ쳣Ѹ٣ܿ뵽ĵ
ǰУҰĸеΧĹ֮ŨЩȣĹ֮ôŨˣһڹȪеĹ֮ǸжӴ
ҰػһĳأңңһӰƵģһĥĥˣǽ䶨ˣ


171 
ۻһɽѹȸкХѹΧն󲨶
Ұ΢΢Ȼѹȸ쳣λɷʦϸܵ޼
֣ǳϵĹôϵĹͦģҵҪ㵽ʲộ˵˴󻰣ػһЦһº͵Ϣϴĺƴ󲨶Σٴλָƽ
ػĻ£ǰĳȫ¶ǰ̧ͷȥңңԡ
һԲӴӣһһȺɷ˵Ķ飬ԲӵһĿĴ󺺣͸һǿѹ
Ұʱ׹ԲĶӦƳǵˣһӦþǷ۵ˣλ󺺣ӦþǷ۵֣ǳˡ
һʮɴСȪȪˮֳһֲ͸ĺɫڹðݣ˿˿ɢ˷
ǿȪΧҲŨĵطý˲ܸӦõĹ֮ӵƫˮԣҲԵ˶ԸԵĹ֮Ӧĸʵ档
Ұ΢һĨ⣬Կ϶Ӧþ˫ĶǹȪˡ
ҰаԳȪй֮ӿһȪˮòǹ֮Һɣ
ſڷҰϵĻҲһգգĶһȪɫͫ͸˿˿˷ܵĹ󣬰ŷҰϴҼԿ϶ӦǶȪ֮У
ҰһƬȣܿϵĶûм򵥵ĶȻ˵Ȫ֮УȪҪȥһˡ
Ҫ뵽Ȫ֮Уɲô׵飬ҪӮǰⳡԲС
ҰػƳפһĿɨ棬ͼ֣ǳǵƵĿɨ˹
Ұ΢°ݣ֣ǳĿԵʱ򣬾͸оԷһεħƵģֱĵף·ĵܶ¶ڶԷĿС
֣ǳĿⲢδ϶ͣٵĴƳһһɨϹһĨŵЦݣػϻ˵ϾҪˣʼ԰ɡ⴦صǼӲĺܣǡÿԵ̨裬һɣ
£һŰµĿܿ˹Ȫ򳡵صһࡣ
ϵϢˣ΢죬һգһɫĳǹУǹһ㵭Ļƣ·϶Ϊһ͸һɹϢ
˽֣裬֣ǳĶӣʵֹ࣬ΣʤȻˣһӦսĹƻһŷҰЦŽ˵
Ұ΢΢ͷӴϵϢжϣΪ࣬綼Զ
֣Ŀֱ͸˿˿ϢȻһЦþûдˣһְɣ
΢΢üͷ䵭ĵе֣裬ȻôҾͳȫ㣡
԰գƣ֣ңңԣһĨһ޳ɫС
֣ƶȻˣ峺һ̶˿ɢһ鶯еһȦȦɫӽ١
Ұɫ΢ƫˮԣ֣豾ƫԣ˭ҲûԵƣ˭ʤ˭Ҫ˫ս֪
֣ǳųеĶˣϹŵЦ⣬ϴ㿴ɲŮòֱһ԰޸Ҽ裬ⳡҲñˣȪǷ۵øǡ
ػĵϧŮò޲ţ֣ǳͱˣȪƳҲãǻԼô˴Ȩ
֣ǳɫ䵭ЦƵģҸӣԼȴʶôҪȡαԵʤ漣֣ϻ˵ѾλԿʼ˰ɣ
ػΪ⣬ųж˵ǾͿʼɣ
֣ͬʱһۻϵĿҶķһտĳء
ӣСˣ֣һϵЦȻһգ˵Ϣ쳣һͱƲǹеĽɫǹŸɫǹȫҪڡ
߳һеɫţԼƺΧնɫеһˮĲƣ·ΧĹ֮
Ұ΢ƫˮԣڹȪΧνˮƺȪеĹ֮֮ǿࡣ

һ촫еɫ֣еĽɫǹҵײһ
ǹе޳ϸ͵ǣɫɫǹֵʱеĹȻ۵ɫϣ֣Ľɫǹһ˳ȥ
֣ɫһֽսɫǹǹߣԽɫǹΪ֧㣬ʼȦӣյı̶ܹɫϾһ亹ΪսȻͻȻ֮ǿ
˷ֿ֣ǳػж¶һ˿𾪣ͬǣ֣ǳӹһĨأػȴ¶һĨЦ⡣
֣ǳ΢УҡͷĵףѾͷˮԵģ벻ȪԱ߻õӳɣԼ˹֮ʤ㲻ˡߣҿ׼һֵ޹ؽҪԵͷҲá
ػϹһĨЦ⣬ĵȪиӵƫˮԣͬȪ֮֮ϲλӮˡ
е˫ҲŲͬķӦҲûϵԼȪĹ֮΢΢Ө׵ϹһĨţеɫ֮͸˿˿ĺХĽڵµѺۡ
֣ɫȴԽԽأȻеĽɫǹȻǹӰȴȻƵĿٺˣͷ϶ʼֳĺ飬ϢҲʼɢ
ҰӿֳһĨЦݣ벻ƹﾹȻȪеĹ֣֮ͨܣҲֻǸʱˡ
Ȼеɫ̳֣æеĳǹӭϣ֪ᶶӲΪбնѹŽɫǹһ·֣軬ȥ
֣˫ͼеɫɣ֪еɫȻ˸˿˿ɫģʱоһ޴ѹڳǹƵģһ¾Ȼδ˿á
ۼɫѾҪƣҲֻеĽɫǹ
߳һеɫȻһ֣ͣľ¡
ػЦ֣ǳĵһ֣ΪΣ
֣ǳɫ쳣ѿߵһϵõطãӮˡ
֪Ϊʲôһ֣ҰҲо֣ǳȻʮ㣬аԾ衣


172 ؼһս
ػɫЦ壬壬ڶ֣ɡ
ضȫԸصĵ˵ͷųһ˷ܵĹ󣬴ӱˢһ³һ׹ƵޣվڿĳС
ƳһλͳĶӣȻԶϲûֻǸؽ׸߼׳˶ҲԵݡ
۵սŷ۵ȡ
֣ǳͷ󣬷Ұſ󣬻վżƤ꣬ÿ˵϶ɢһļµϢ
Ұ΢΢üͷոרɨһΣȴ֣ǳĿˣȻ֣ǳ⼸ˣ֣ǳҲ˾裬ʦûǷǡ
ĿǼ˵ʱǲɵõһ˿ŹֵЦݣǼˣȻˣ
ԭǣٺ٣ϴҪùˣֻڷҰԺȻҲϳ˶Է
֣ǳͷһĿ걧ضһ΢΢˵ͷ
֣ǳǸͻ˳壬ԡ
߱ɫеңָԷȳ
ʮһ국ıһϸֳһ㵭ɫģ͸һۻѹ
λʮһĵǳػϵЦݽʧһĨصɫʣ֣ǳü㻹Ѫ
ô²⣬Ҳû뵽Էڵڶͻɳǿ߳ս΢΢ȥ
ˮƽԸһ佫ԲܴջǶǿߣûһʤ㡣
ʮһѵʮǿĻ
ˮ塢˵϶𾪣ŶԷȻҵһĸ֣
֣ǳػ˵ɫдˬϹŵЦݣƵģǷ׼ˣ
ڳеһҧ׼ˣɣ
ػ̾Ϣһʼɡ
δ£Ͼ͸һۻе޸ǵȳŶԷλʮһ˹ȥ
֪Է죬ԷٵĴӻɫƤλóһĳһɫķ籩ٵ˹

ײʮ£еӰ鲼Ӱ˸ѽѷ֡
ǸʮһһʼǿӲӲÿһŹѹ£ԵᣬʮĻڶˡ
ȫ·磬û˿ķ֮е϶ĳһĻڣ۲ѡ
ɣʮһһеѩۣһɳ۵ƣصеϡ

һ촫˴ޱҳ߰˲ģһȣڵϣ˫¶һĨȻɫ
һ֣ϴΪΣ֣ǳЦػ
ػǰ壬һ˹ȥĵǶݵˣƵҲˣһ֣Ӯˡ
֣ǳЦһʤһ֣ƽˣؼһˣƵģҿ㻹ܷʲô˻
ػüͷ΢壬ɨ֣ǳһڶ־ͳĸ֣ҵҪһ㻹ʲôϲ
ģ˵죬䶨ˣ֣ǳЦһתͷĸߴ꣬Цŵʥӵ£ؼһ֣Ϊ˷ֹⷢ鷳Գɣ
ǸĿΧһɫĻƤ¶ϷŹͭɫĹڳ˱ըԵһֽʵ׳ĸо
ػ΢΢˵ͷϳŵɫлߵУŰ׹ǴȻδͷųѹȴһֵķ緶۲ѡ
ػ˴˵Ϊɫɵñĵ֣ǳӦòǷ۵˰ɣ
֣ǳЦϴ󣬵ָͷʱ˵ֻҪ˫еֽԿɲμӣûй涨һҪǱ˲СλҵѣҲսĻӦòδΥǵԼɣ
ػϢһͣתҰ̾˿
Ǹ߳ʱѾǸڵ꣡
ҰôҲֻǸ佫Բʿεֵ
һսԶ֣Ⱥ˸ӦսǸĿ꽫׹Ǵڼϣͷ­΢벻ŶԷ
ѾһʤһһԾΪؼһ֡
Ƴһ˵Ŀȫ˷ҰϣʤǸȫҰıˣ
֣ǳЦƳǲǺô˸Ӧս˵ҪӮ漣
Ҫ漣Ҿ͸漣ҰһЦ˫磬СĬĴӼ˫ϡ
ʹƵ⡣
Ұ΢΢һӿֳһĨЦ⣬뵽˵СڳʹһĻаԺЦ
Ȼ󣬵ǳ˵Ϊܸߣ⼸ĿⲻɵתϣĿгһֹŹֵζ
ڵһºˣݺݵ˵˵ɼϵСһһۡ
ʱĻСڶװ˰ģ˫۾ж޹ɫһԱӣֿ˻
֣ǳĿٵתƵҰϣųһĨĹâ˷ҰʵΪ֮󣬲ɵ΢΢Цĵһ佫ԲСһҲ˵漣֮治УҵҪô漣
ûз֣ԴӷҰڣǸְֳ׹Ǵɫͱ쳣ѿĶŷҰǲŻƵġ
ֹƤɫҲ쳣ԹɵŷҰһ˸˵
ǿ걳֣ǳ֣ǳ޷ɫǼƤҲ޷ϵɫƳǵȴ
ػɫ΢ô˵ľжϣԷȻη巽Ұе쳣Ĳ˼顣
Ƴ϶¶һĨŹֵɫ֪ԷЩΪλӦжڰڴϣҰܹ漣Ӯⳡ
ҰһȭɵĶ룬ʱҲĿ⸴ӵŷҰҲϣҰʤҲԽǹȪˡ
ҰƮƮǰȥÿһ̤صУ˸һֵɵĸо
ҰݵǿǰϹһ˿Цݣĵذ죬þò񣿡
ǿ꾹Ȼǲçʥӣذ죡
ذԹŷҰĵߣҰ㶼ûҵȻĺúõأ㾹ȻѾͻƵ佫Բľ磬ЩҵϰϹۣ
ҰΪĵ㾹Ȼԭ̤ҲԤ֮⣬
˵ķӦ˵Ԥ֮⣬˶ųеĶˣ֪֮ʲôϵ
ʶ֣ǳɡ
ǵĽɲǳҰ֣ǳЦЦ
Ұδ˵ذĹϵȷʵǳһʿݣƺ


173 սʤ
ҰذĽ鲻ǳ֣ǳɫһ࣬ذʥӵ£Ȫ˵ҪǹϵҲϣܹԴΪأǧҪˮ
ذһ鴤ڷҰ˽ļȫԸҲսʤҰ˵ˮˡ
˵ĿⶼĶذ죬ذĿȴڽŷҰ
ҰȻذԨs˸ʮɳ̵ľңңţ˭Ҳûг֡
֮ذէţȵҰҳҪһս
ڽ죡Ұһս⣬粽õֱذ죬г˽
ذϢһֿͣŰ׹ǴֳȻһӣȵçֵܣߣ
çʣǼԶذ󣬶ڴ˴Ȼ˿
˵϶¶һĨ㵵ɫ֪ذ쳪һ
֣ǳ΢΢һ̲סԵذϹӣǺ⣿
ذͣתͷ֣ǳ¶һĨЦ̾ϢϷҰû˿İգһս䣡֣иУ֮Ľ׾ʹգǣ
˵꣬ذͷҲתȥЩçҲĲС
֣ǳ¶һĨŵɫ˼˷ҰһֳۣذԶȥıӰذϹӣûпĻǸ佫Բʿ磬ΪҪս
ذĲ΢΢ͣ£δͷĮңң֪ɱλԲǿߣɷ췭ظִʦǿдѣãһսнȥıҪ𣿡
ܣǣôԿԽ󾳽ս֣ǳ𾪵һȻķҰȻذ˵޷š
Ҳ֪ذΪçʥӣһɰɵֵǾԲ᲻սġ
ּڱذ˵ģֻ̫Խˡ
ػж¶һĨŨ𾪣зˡ
ҲûϵҰȻôͷһڵǿ߶òսߡ
ذ˵ģҰ佫ɱԲĴڣô˵ǱǺţ
ڸոգذ컹ֺƳǵ˺ƣһûƳǵ˷СȵҰ߳Ұδ֣ذͲս˻ȥˡ
Ϸ绯ת䣬˵Ԥϣ
˭û뵽һڵǿߣȻϷҰ֮᲻ս
ذߵĸɾ䣬ˮȻˡ
ҰʤˣϲĽгϲ
ǰҰʤˣƳʤˣŽк˳
ţƳһ˶ĿȵŷҰһк˳Ϊⳡʤ
ػϹһĨڸЦݣ֣ǳ΢΢˹֣֣ǵԼʤȪھƳǵˡ֣ûɣ
֣ǳüë΢壬ĵϴ󣬴ӦòƳǵİɣ
һڣͺ仰ôôϤأ
ػ΢΢һ㶣ЦָͷʱԼֻҪ˫еֶɲμӣûй涨һҪǱ˲СҰҵѣҲսĻδΥǵԼ°ɣЩող˵ģѵ֣ô
ػĻأƳǵ˶һŹЦ
֣ǳ΢죬Ҳû뵽ӦȻô죬Լո˵ĻȫӦԼϣһְʯͷԼĽŵĸо
ذ첢δսһֲ㣡֣費Ľ˳Ȼķ
۵Ҳ壬˵һֲȻˣ
ǻҪҪ𣿡ߵĺȳ⣬ƳǵҲŴȡ
ҰĿº͵ɨ۵ˣȻĵǾֲĻǷ۵ѣԿսʤùĳȻʤ
ȻĻгţõ÷۵˶ɵϢһͣʱ˴
ڵذ춼սˣ۵УΪߵҲֻǸ佫Բʿ˭Ҳûаʤ˷Ұ˸Ӧս
֣ǳ΢΢̾Ϣһ۵ˣһӦսĶûУȥҲͽЦȵס죡
۵˶ͣĿת֣ǳֻҪ֣ǳһ£ǾͻԥĸƳǵ˴һ
ϾȪ൱ڼĸ֣û˻ùˡ
ػϹŵ΢Цݵô֣ҶһʦѵҪˣ𣿡
֣ǳһģҷ۵ȪƳˣ
֣ʵǰһҪ˵֣ǳݺݵĵһۣ֣δٶԡ
֣ǳ˵Щ֮󣬲δʹȥǰ´һ۷ҰȻЩŵĵذ˵ģģ
Ұ֣ǳһۣķ֣ǳĿвû̫ĵ⣬㵭Цɡ
Ұ׿ڳϣ˵жһֵֹֹĸоնλԲǿߣʦдѣõжɵûɣҰһ佫Բ
֣ǳҡҡͷЦӢ۳갡Ƿӣǿɲ䡣
֣ǳ̬ȵ÷Ұе⣬˵Ƴȡ˹ȪȨ֣ǳӦûĲŶ԰
ֵǣҰĬƵӡ״̬ȻδӴϸӦԹޣһʾõ̡
ҰƵӡǺĵģɵö࿴һۣа棬˲Ϊһ֮ҲǸ
֣ǳʾã÷Ұ΢΢ЩΣ֣ǳ˹֣Ǹ֣ĳ֮УҲûа취顣
֣ǳӹһĨ֮ɫֳֿĵȪҸǱ֣ĳ뽻ѣ֪СΣ
Ұ΢΢һ֣ǳԹޣҲôˣֻҪ鷳˴սһˡ
ǣ֣ǳֱԿǱ뽻ѣ÷ҰЩ˼ˡ
ǷҰ۵ƳǵҲ΢΢֣ǳ˵Ԥϡ
Ұ΢΢ЦЦ֣ڲѾ𣿡
֣ǳЦ˳ŷҰ˵ͷãСԽԽƢˣպϾһҪҷ۵ţԺĳɾͣٱЩϼһҪǿö࣡
ػɫŹֵ֣ǳͷ΢Ц֣ģһûôˣҵķˣȪδңСˡ
֣ǳһۣûĵͱ˵ˣǷҰǿûκεĻõȪ
֣ǳ˹Ȫʶ˷ҰҲôŷҰ΢΢˵ͷֳŷ۵˻˻֣۵Ķǣˣ
ȵȣҰȻڽסǡ
˵ĿⶼҰͼҰһͨ˸Žɫ⻪УЦĵʧ˹ȪǧҶԸλĲɡ
ƳǵˣǷ۵ˣȫŷҰǧҩɲǴײˣȻ˵;ˣ˸е쳣
⡭֣ǳҲ֪ýŻǸƴǡ
ҰЦⶼڷħеõģŰɣⶫȻȲϹȪȴҲܼӿٶȣĳѿɲС
֣ǳֽӹЦҶˣǧҩܹˣΪۣѾ߱ʵ۷ںħõŷ۵ĵطֻܸ˵Ƿ۵һȫԸ
ҰЦЦҿɲǿȻǧҩǰˣ
Ұͳǧҩõ÷۵˵ɫ΢΢ЦЦ֣ǳĴ£ĵһࡣ


174 
֣ǳ۵ȥнʣƳǵˣȫɫŹֵŷҰ
ⳡսһۣյĽʮֵϷ绯ǷҰڳƳǵһ޷õȪȨ˴ĵ
ǵնɱλԲǿߣǴʦѣ˾Ϊˣ⾹Ȼһ佫Բǿ顣
뷽Ұ·ӵĶˣҲֳһĨ塣ǷҰǾԲսʤذģĻɾͳΪƳǵˡ
ĳַ˵ҰϳΧػȻȪݣнеһҲʧӰ٣ֻʣ¶ԷҰ߾塣
ȵ۵ԶȥػŷҰ˹֣ЦŵСƳǵĹˣСѴƳǿûܹõȪȨңƳǺͷ۵˲δֵòʰиƹϵⶼΪСѵԵʣ꣬ƳǼˡ
Ұ뿪ЦĵƳҲضԣֲǰ׳ֵģֻ֮һסĳҲûʲôŵ㣬ҲʳԶ֮
ģǴӦȪȻ֡ȻһЦɳ
ػЦһⲽߵȪԱߣЦһȪعҺɣܱ߱ԣԸع򡣵ȻȪеĹƫˮԣˮԵ˵Ч󡣡
˵Ŀⲻɵתϣ֮УҲΨˮԵģݵĻҲõĺô
ػתͷĿɨЦȪЧ˶죬δͻƣԺҲ׵ĶࡣҰ塢롢ϲǼ佫Բ磬һȥɡ
˲սļ⣬ƳǻмҲﵽ佫Բľ磬ػԤǶϲĿȵǰĹȪ
˴ףǱǣҺ֣ǳҲδ̽ǾҪ̫롣˵Ҷ˵ˣȥɣЩϼһǻػٴһһͷһߴľۣ֮絶ɨ˷Ⱦ
ػĶƳڶͳҲԷɢ˿Ƭ춼ǵľ䷶Χȷκη紵ݶ޷ǵķۡ
ҾȽȥˣЦһһ׵֣˹Ȫ֮УõùȪĸӾˡ
ҲٵĽȫ˹ȪС
ҲȥɣȥĳˣĹɾͱǷֹŶŷҰǳǳһЦСڷŵһԵһʯϣһ㵭ɫ֣Լģɫˮϵ˸Ҳ̤뵽˹Ȫ֮С
ҰĿⲻźۼĴӻɨûǻ˵ЩȪ֮Уܻʲôö
Ľ˿˸Ƿһʯϣ۾
ϴȥɡͻأڷҰԺ
Ұʯϵǽ˿һۣ׻鵽ôģҲϾ룬ѧ˵ӣһɫȫԾȪ֮С
ػĿ¶һĨȵɫոտ쳣ҰϵľͻȻദʮֺгǶԾƿشﵽ쳣΢ĵزпֵܻ飬Ұбӵˡ
ҰոսȪУ͸еȪдһɾĹۻ嫣ë뵽ڣԶתӦĹڻľֹӵ̡
Ȫ޹⣬ҰȻĸӦΧǳкüУЩˣҲڿٵĹܹԼ̤뵽硣
飬ӦĶ𣿡ҰлȣԺŻѯʡ
Ҳ˿˿˷ܣȻдģоųɰտȷǶӡеǱȪ
ߣȥҰͲסеļҪ·Ǳȥ
æϴʱȪеĹ֮Ũ쳣ǿĺôɲܱƳǵǼһһȵˣȥɡ
Ұ΢΢˵ͷһĬƵӡ˽뵽һֿľ֮С
ƹתë׶ɢһɹǿΧĹ֮ɵڣͬԼĹ֮
Ӵ֮£ҰΪ۷֮ٴͨеľҲȲٵš
ʱƣҰͨеľԽԽŨȻŨĻһֹ̻ơ
ҰͿ۱ˣδ۱飬ͨеľﵽ۷ۡ
⼸޿ټϹȪĴ̼ҰͨеľѾ۷壬ۣҲʼԼ̻
Ұ΢Ƶӡתͨеľҵķӿ˿˿Ĺ֮Ӳӵľַɫ⻪ͨϵľ޴ռȾá
˶۳֮ſʼ֮ҰȴЩ⣬۱֮ǰѾ˹֮֮Ӿ·ӿӴľĽһɫ֯⻪ҫ
ڷҰĿ£纣Хۣϵѹѹѹ
Ұ͵佫Բ۷״̬ͶԹ̵֮ĸǷȱĽǾδﵽ۷塣
ﵽ۷壬Ұδо̫ѣϵѹӴѹСѹСѹڴСѹСѹһöСԲӣӨϾɫ⻪˸ǡ
Ұı飬۶
ڷҰ۳ʱȪʼӿҰڣΧ˶
ǹȪĵϿն˺Х磬ԲŹȪӿ롣
䣡
ȪҵļһŽʮɸߵĺɫˮõĵػƳ˶һȪ
ػбһ貵񻪣ϹһĨϲɫһգգĶŹȪԵͷ̤ףֻ⶯δ̫ЩҲ֪˭ġ
ʱؼ䶼ʼ޵󳪣·Ǵ֮ÿ˵ĵףϸȥûκ쳣
ػ̧ͷ­ӿֳһĨŨ𾪣ֻ޾ĸ߿оȻ˶ɫƶ䣬յ׺쳣Ѥ
ɫƶдЩɫƶƾղһ΢Ļ棬ٵıƬʱͻΪ棬ð˻ɫ
ȻΪһСӣϵɫҲ˹ɫӷѿҶ֦ٵĳɳΪһΡ
ɫԽԽʧУκ鶼ûзĵ˶ŴǻûдӸղһĻлع
ڽ֮ʱⷽҰʲô̥ػ̧ͷ죬߽·ɵһ㡣
ľϵֻпǷҰģػû뵽ˣʶľͽг˷Ұ֡
ڽ֮ʱ˲˵ûУҲ֮١
Щÿһ콾֮Ҳڷ벻ҰȻҲ
ڼĺУçһȺһСϣĵϷĸ߿գذ찵˿ҺȻĵ󣬶һ˺ƴⷽҰ츳˾㤣Ψн콾УпܳԽˡ
һһ¥ϣ۵Ҳ㶵˭ֳ˴Ķ
˲֪֣ǳȴ˽ֻҲ޷ȷ˭ôĶ
Ƴûô뺷ˣѵ֣ǳһУĸֳһ֣Ұ
ô󶯾ˣҲΨǸذ춼սˣ


175 ߱
Ұ磬˸Ϊ˵ķҰȴ֪Լ˴Ķ
۶Ұ뵽һֺصľ֮Уڵÿһϸ̰ӿȪеĹ֮Ҳӿڡ
δͻ֮ǰҰ൱һĻͻ֮Աкô
ڵҲٴĿռ䡣
ڵÿһ缡ǿǶͶ̥Ƶģӿ͹֮ȫڣԼ
ڱ۶ʱ򣬷Ұ˽뵽һֿľ֮Уڷ·ʥ޵ĵȵĹ֮ÿһѪ֮ӿһһϴǿڿٵĸš
֮ӿ뷽Ұڵһ𣬻һɫžƵĹ·š
γɵӵľ⣬̺Ҳȫʵĸı䡣
֪˶ãҰȫΪȹڡ
Ԫɱ䡣
ʱҰеΧҲٴѹδͻ֮ǰСʮϰٱ̺ǿҲ
ҰǸľ˹˫Լһɫâ
ҰԼһΪߣеԽԽ࣬ȵܻñԴĳϣ뵽Բ硣
Ұʶȭͷڳӯ¶һĨ΢Ц
ڣ̤ˣ
Ǹˮ룬ﵽ磬ʸأؼĹ֮ʵ۷塣
磬Ұеӵ񣬶ؼĹ֮Ӧӵһһ֮
֮ĹֵµʿƵģֻҪһͷͿΧĹ۶ӳ
Ǹ֮ǿ似֮ضжתܷӳǿ
ҰϤٴα˫ۣĬƵӡƹ֮С
ƹ׹ֻǷҰõĽǲȱĹ񶦵޸ƹ
ΪԽߣԾƹ޸Խƣͻ֮󣬷Ұһʱ뵽˾ƹ
ҰȫھƹϣԺٴθǼϤɫ˿ߣŴĹ켣š
УҰԺٴθֳǺƴĳ棬һɵĳɫӻг췢һΣˡ
ţɫɫɫɫ̴ӻгҡͷβ͸һɹĻѹ
Ȼ󣬺޾ĻϢҵĻζտ˵ķˮƵģһɫһɫǳХ죬ڰߡ
ĳ֣Ұ·Ҳ֮ı䣬·ӵϸ΢ܣٶҲٴμӿ죬Ҳٴα
һҪȱ˶߱ܽһ֮У׵ʱ佫һ˶ҪĶࡣ
ĺôҲǾ޴ģ˶ֵʱ򣬱ܷӳһԼȴܷӳ߱ռѹԵƣ
Ұһ˫ۣ˸˷ܵĹ
ʱͻƴ󾳽֮ʱҲܹþƹһǴ˴λΪԵʣں˹֮ԵʣȻþƹ屶߱ȷ֮ϲ
ʱΧĹ֮ҲôˣѾ쳣ϡȥҲò󣬷ҰҲټЩ֮ˣȥȪ
Ա߲ԶмɫĹڹȪȪˮȾĹʶĿҰиӦϢǶŹȪнϡĹ֮
Ұüǿɲ˷ѷֺûһֹͣļ󣬲ȪеĹ֮ѹեɾǲݵġ
Ұ¶һĨ΢Ц˷ܵŻ飬߰ɣȥ
˵ţҰ·ٵǱȥһǱˮһ齻˵ôأҶ̲סĶˣʲô⣿
Ժ𣺡ٺ٣ϴΪĵżȻγɵ𣿡
Ұ΢΢һһżȻѵ˵Ƕй𣿡
Цϴ㻹˵ˣ⻹ǱȻ͵ĻĵȪ޹⣬ٺ٣ˣѾӦǹϢˣϽ߰ɡ
ŷҰǱΧԽԽڣֲָɫҲֻΧ߷ԲҲ޷̫Զ
ȪˮԽԽ㷽ҰѾͻƵ磬ֽҲЩľĸоϵϵڻɽ·˪Ӱ֮ʱˡ
ֵǣȪˮȻ̹ǣȴûнȻŵƶţʵŹ֡
һӣ·ȪˮеĹ֮ʧҲ˲Сı仯ѣֳССĲͨͬķλ
ȪǴЩӿ۳Ȫˮڹĵӿ˳
ŷҰĿоΧһֱ̹ǵķϷȥǱĻҪŵѹ̫ˡ
Ұа⣬ѹػ˵֣ǳֶδȪ·̽ף·һɷͨҲ಻ʤͲһܹ̽ġ
ϴ󣬶񶦵סȫû취鼰ʱѡ
Ұ΢иֳǸصĶӡǣһصȫڣŸоΧѹɢȥٴ·
飬ҪѡȡһͨҰ΢΢üͷǰͨѯʻ顣
ͨϴ󣬿ӴĿĵˣЩͨӦǶڵĵطˡҲβס˿˿˷֮顣
Ұ΢΢˵ͷջָ·һͨС
ͨǱ˽֮ǰһС
Ұ΢΢ˣ鲢δ˵ʲôҰݺݵһҧǸɫ֮С
ǸɫУҰоǴһ͸Ľ磬˳һĿռ֮УΧѾûˮȻһ쳣ĵط
Ұɫ΢΢˱䣬ڸ̤ռʱ򣬷ҰӦ˿ӦĹ֮ռ侹һŨˮϵ֮˿˿ƣȻδΪҺ壬ȴȹȪеˮԹҪӴĶࡣ
ǸӦ˷Ұٴ𣺡ϴ辪ţⶼǶİԵ֮ķΧ࣬ǾǶԶˡ
ҰųһĨŨ˷ɫҪȥȻеһɰѹӶѹķҰľ񶼲
棬ʲô


176 ˮ
ܵŹļµѹҰӿֳһĨֻһִϵѹû˿ҲûκεӰ졣
ǣո۳ı飬ȴ
ػʶ᳹ױƬ׻Ϊһʬ⣡
·ƵģȻûκһ˿ɢҰȴȻܵһˮϵԴܣڵ롣
ˡšҡġ˯ߡ϶дһɾ޴ѹ·̺Ƭص־ֱڷҰ
Ұ󾪣Ŀȥͼһͷӿռε˳Ӵû˿ɷȴһϵѹ͸ˮϵԴϢ
Ұȫĺëͷ޸ߴ޾ϸȥⲢһͷ꣬һͷβĹޣһĻѹ͸޾Į
䣡ҰԺһ뵽һִ˵еޣ̲סʧ˳
ֹޣǴ˵е
˵еޣô
ҰĴһӶ·ˣͷƤһ飬˵еǰʱڸ޷Ӧѵ˵Ķͷ
С࡭뿪ͷһգգĶŷҰû˿ĸ飬˵һ϶Ļ
ϴһֲʵģ㲻޷ġ㶯ƵӡͿԿıĿˡЦڷҰԺлЩֻζ
Ұüëһǰ䣬Ƶӡתų貵ɫ⻪
УǸ޴ɽӰʧˣһȭͷСĺɫʵͨɢŹĺɫ
ӡһֻѹԵ䣬ںɫħغУɢһɹɾˮϵһȥܵһĺ䡣
ҰԾ뵽Ǹȸ΢ϲĵһ컯飿
һаϴ㻹˵ˣһ컯飡
Ӧˮϵģ⵽һ֣Ұ˿ҺЩ
һһٵĵˮ
ˮҰһЩãȻȻֺˮûκӡ
˹Ľ͵ˮˮϵԴȸ࣬ʮ컯֮һöˮϵһϲͨˣ㣬һˮϵţ
ôô˵ҲʹˮˣҰ˫۷⡣
ɵĵȻʹˣҪǣһӣȸһǴĹʵ˵״컯Чѵǿ
Ĺʵѵ״컯𣿡Ұɻ
ӿڵǵȻˣʮ컯飬ϵÿһϵиľ֦Ҷ١ָͬ״״̬ǸϵԴľ۶ɣʵɫϵıԴɫͬΪĹʵ
ʲô˼Ұɲôס
ʮ컯֮Уľ֦Ҷ١ÿһֶΪɫӦϵΨйʵɫ뱾ϵɫͬģϵȸֳǻɫˮϵĺˮֳǺɫǹʵ״컯飬֮ϲ
ҰŻԵЩ΢΢˵ͷ˵϶ˡ
Ҳ˵ÿһϵĸľ֦Ҷ١ɫͬģûϵ˵ǻɫģʣµĸľ֦Ҷ״컯ɫˣΨйʵɫϵԴɫͬѹֻᱻΪĹʵ
ϴȸеõȸӡûмǴĻ״컯Уûֵӡ棡ֵӡӦֻǴʵвŻӵУһϯ÷Ұ΢΢һͬʱлЩϲûеУһС
ңջԣһܹٵõһ似
һֿȸӡ似
ȸӡһֱƣ˵ֵӡ֮Ǵ˵е似Щ࣬Ҳһ˿ӵеģߴ֮Ϳ֪ˡ
ȻҪõһֿȸӡ似ҰоһƬȡ
΢΢£Ȼϴ󣬼ӣҵ˸뷨
Ұʶѯʵʲô뷨
һ˾񣬵컯飬ÿһŲ˼ĹЧ˵Զʱڣĳһϵ̬ȫˣվ۷壡ǣبû˼ֹʵֹʵִӡǣȻгϵı仯˵ٱȵĳһϵ컯Ҫǿö࣡
ĶҰ˫⣬ž̾˿ƲƲ죬Сӱһ̰ģҲֻʮ컯飬Ҫ컯飬ûпܵ飡˵Ǽִʵˣ
ô˵ҲǸõ뷨ҪĴʵҰǾԲŹģ
ȲôˣҪˮշ˵ӦôҰȴĿٴǰʱɹʵʱĺˮ
ϴշȸҰҲκ컯鶼ôշģοˮԻϣɲ˿⡣
ϴ㲻ôðʧˣһ÷ҰĶͷðߣȴòϴ
ҿûֱȡȻĻͷɾͻɻˡ
ģҰ졣
˵ˮؼķԴ۶ɣȻˣǶЩԼˣҲķ˵ˣʦˣҲֻˮܣҪõҲס
Ұ΢΢üͷ԰ô˵Ļöȸȴϵõģôõģϵɲʲôʦˡ
黺ֻ˵ף˵󴫳оԶвͬطԵõ컯飬ͨĳЩĳһϵţЩ컯ȥ
Ұϲĵô˵ϵȻǸԵŲɣ
ֿܣ鵹ûзϣҲ޷ȷ
Ұ»ϲٴǰĺˮ촽Ӧô
ɵĵѾ׵磬۳˱飬ֻҪ񶦱壬һӲģ
ô򵥣ҰЩ㵡
ô򵥣ΪжѣȻ˵˾䡣
Ұ¶һĨϲɫֵȻֻǽˮ뵽֮СˮȸЩͬܰ˶ɱҲУҪҪ׼ЩĶǾͲǶʱڿˡ


177 
ҰϢ΢΢һͣԭڻ޷
Ұ뵽ȸȸʱҲ׼һöȹ̵Žöȸϵġ
ȸȻΪ˻ҽҺˮڵͳһԿݹˡ
Ҫ׼ʲôҰʸ
쵤ҲƷҩһ䣬žͽ쵤ҪĲ϶ȵҰԺС
ҰԺеĶӡĵףЦҪ쵤ҪԼˡ׼ЩƷҩĲϣûϣԺʱҲҪֶˡ
ԼŰɣĻȻɵ
ҰҲٶԣƽ죬ƵӡתиֳǸɫСӡǣҲһˢһ˳
ССڷҰϿգͨ嶼֮ķ۶ɣƷҪ°ٱඥػƣ·̺
Ұ¶һĨŵĹʣˢһ̧˫ǰĺˮһ죬ȥ
ǸоΣգǺˮʧ㷽ҰƵӡҲκε쳣
ǰһͷ޴䣬ͬڸղǸӰȫһͷ޴ޱȵԶޣ³ģڣ࡭Ҵҵġ⡭
ɫ䳯ŷҰɱ˹Լֳ޾󣬺죬ۻ룬·һ̫ħɽƶһ㡣
Ұ΢УΪҲչȸȻˮЩ𣬵Ҳ𲻴ǺСġ
СƳҰǰ龰ģһƬǳһյĻռУʲôȪʲôɫУȫʧӰ١
ˣ
һƴڲãĻϿճһͷ޴䣬ͷβһĺɫ֫󣬽ˣ·һϵİƵġ
šҡ˯ߡؽ͡ɫڻһը˹׷ӺɫϱһŴɫϢ˷
ɴɫϢгһֱǵĺ䣬֮Щ󶼸סˣһɫı飬ɢһɹλðĺɫʡ
һգ۵ĹƬ󶼱һɫľ޴飬أ
գ±⣡
ðԵ䣬·صƵģ΢΢ͷ͸һԵѹ
ҰȫİԵ𺳣뵱ȸľȫͬȸȻҲ˰ƬȸͲ󣬻޷𺳡
ڷҰĪʱһɫ񶦴Ƭض붦УڷҰǰһ磬Ҳһ޴
֫Ҷͷҡڣβ˦ײú¡죬ͼѳ
Ұ𾪣ĳײֱоԼľڿٵš
ײ񶦣ȻԼľ÷ҰаԾɱȵȡȸʱҪҵĶ࣬Ҳ֪Լܷ֧Źȥ
ϾȸǱշģҫֱӳȡɱշ֮컯Ҫ򵥵Ķ࣡
˽״̬ҰľһֽݽߵĸоһֱתƵӡҧţʶʼģڴߵʱ
ķѰļңɲôʼ޷ͻ񶦵ķ
ʱƣķҲԽԽС˿˿ľ䵽Ұı֮УҰһ𣬴ְԵ״̬˹
ܵĻϢʧٴλԭΪǸĿռ䡣
Ҳģ͸Ǻɫ䶼ѾʧʣһС񶦣ڷҰС
Ұ΢񶦾Ȼ͸֮УһöɫĹʵӡһֻغеĺɫ䣬͸һɹɱˮϵ˴ӹﶼе䡣
ˮ
ҰһСʧǺˮͳƿռ֮Уһԣû˸ղײеľ
ҰһϳβסЦ⣬εõˮνջ񣡱ȪļֵҪǿĶ࣡
ȥƳͣǡƳ۵ȪȨյǱԼ
˵ƳǵҲõ˲ٺô޷ϺˮļֵҰõĶõģ
Ǵ˳ȥ֮ж
Ұ֪ǣõˮʱѾ÷ˡ
½½½ޱ嫺ȾŸҪ룬һ챮ߣƴ
Ŵ챮϶һϢһԵĵϣӡһĹӴ֣谵͸һɹµϢҲ֪˶ˡ
֮гʶ˶Щ챮ǼŶʮʮ컯
ڷҰȡˮʱ򣬾Ŵ챮϶ų⣬Ǽŵǡˮ֣ǻ谵ģһӱ⻪ֱ͸񷣬ء
ܿ죬ֱû谵ȥƬ̣ʱʱ谵˾ɲ
ô£ˮûгվڻ챮ૣȫʲô顣
ˮ챮ϾӦǹҫһƬٳֻ谵
ˮδ챮Ӧ־ͻ谵һƬͲֹ
ǣʱ˸ʱ谵˶Ӧ
ˮȷʵǳˣֻȴѹˣδŻи︺ֶڻ챮ǰϿ𲻶֣Լ֪Ϊ˽
Ҳ˶˼ĸ߲㶼ٴο˻飬ʢҪµɽͼʢռλá
Ϊ˵ķҰȴû־ȡ˺ˮ֮ĴһۣδʲôĴڣҲûмͣϷȥ
ŷҰϸֳɫĹȪҲ쳣峺ЩڹȪеҲʧӰ١
ҰףǱȻѾ˹ȪеĹ֮ʹӹȪгȥˡ
ҰҲ֪Ѿ˶ãͣһϷȥ

ѾָƽĺȻըһˮһɫŵӰˮ˹ȪԱߡ
ڳˣ΢΢˿¶һĨЦݡ
Ҳ΢΢˿ҰһֱûгǻǺܵĵġ


178 δ
ǸôҾõˣҰ΢΢˹֣ϹһĨЦݡ
ػ˫ĿŷҰ𾪣º͵ЦСѣιƾջˣ
Ұ΢ݣüëѵػԼõˮˣ
ˮʮ컯֮һˮϵĴʵ֮Ҳֻôһš
֮ĲУ֮ĲޣҪǱػˣѱʲôġ
Ұ˾裬ЦݲĵƳγԣ
ػŷҰʧЦ⵱˻ոͻƵ˰ɣ
ػõ˺ˮҰ΢΢˿Щɻ󣬼Ȼˮ޹أػָʲô
ɻ󣬷ҰĿһͬȪɨͶ˶ͻƵ磬ʣµҲﵽ佫Բ۷壬ͻƵҲֻǸʱ⡣
ҰɵͷǰͻˣƹͶֲҲͻƵʲô𣿡
ػû˵ǰŷҰ촽ӾͲǫˣͻƵʱȪøòĻɣ
˶磬ô֪󣿡Ұ΢΢ȻԼ治ô¶
ػ͵ʱ򣬹Ȫӿعӿڸ߿۳ɶƣǻһһľԵˣȺУҲֻһˡʣҵȺհ
ҰҲӿֳһĨϲôԼҲһС
ӿڵ֣ǳ׵ķˣͻƵ绹ĻϲǸһȣɾͲ̫Զˣ
ҰһȭɣǴսʸڷҰвޡ
ЩദҲҰ۷ˣһ˿ҲʧӰ١
ҰǫһĿĴһɨͿ˴һʯĻ飬СΧŻĽ˿תƣƺҲں龹Ȼô˯
СһһһҵҰļϣҰٴλͷһ۹Ȫ΢΢Щ⡣
Ȫǹ֮Һɣ̺ǹضĹ֮ѾǼ˳׵ոɾ벻ⷽȪˮȻûиɺԣȻðݡ
ڷҰеʱ򣬻ʱڷҰԺ𣺡ϴûҪ⡣ĳͶˮйأˮڵλãȻͬһںۣȡ˺ˮȻкħеˮᵹγµȪˮȻźˮĵ࣬Ĺ֮Ҳȫȫʧˡ
ҰаԵͷȪеĹ֮Ǳɸɾģڹ֮ϡʱ򣬱ˮˣ֮ħУɼˡ
ػЦŶˣϻοһӾƳǵʵ˲١
Щһ൱ƳõѪҺȪĽݣԺĳɾ;ԻǵĸǿƳҲԽԽʢ
ܹӮùȪȨҰûػжڷҰǳĸмҰֳǱ
Ҷֵص飬Ƴܹȡֳɹ˵ǷҰӴǵģȥ֮һҪףףػĴһսĿͣڷҰϡ
ػδ䣬ӦֵĹĿãһҪΪףף
ŲŶ룬Ц룬㲻ǶԷҰܲ𣿡
ӲӵЦЦһİðҪǵȥս˭Ҳ˵ġǣֵʵʹ·ʽӮҵ𾴣Ұܵķڷ
˵ͣ£Ц˵ҲҽΧ֣ҿûһ˿տսʤǸڵļһҿɾͳƳǵˣܹͻƵ磬Ҳ˷ͣЩһǶõġ
ֿˡҰ΢Цǫ飬˶źЦȻѷҰԼ˿
Ȼ˼ѾҲȥɡػЦһȳŵȥ
˷صߣͿһľ˴ĵȺ
ľ˴ԱߣСһЩĴֻפĵеǼͳݣҲľ˴Աߡ
ٴεľ˴˵鶼ĺãǿɫĺħҲе
ҰͻƵ磬һõ˺ˮ϶˶ԾĹЦ⣬΢̵ĺ磬ĳȡ
飬Ѿ뵽磬Ǵʱǰ콾мɰգҰԺѯʻ顣
Ϊ˴콾ʱ޿̲Ŀǰš
̤磬Ұо콾һ
ɵĵѾ׵磬ܽеĳɹҲɡ
ɣҰ΢΢ЩȻΪٻһĻᣬû뵽ӻ˵Ȼֻɡ
鷭˷ۣϴǿ콾֪콾յĵӣٶǿߡҲ˵ֻҪĶģҪҳӢĵӡ
ͣ£ּ˵ģҴϣ㡢Լˣ½궼ûܽ콾Ϳ֪ˡ
Ұ΢΢˵ͷ½УҲ٣Ȼû˿Խ콾Ҫ콾ĸҪѡ
ҰӹһĨᶨĹȻǧգҲ
Ϊĳŵһѩܷܷйء
ѩܷܷ޾£ǿĳҪվѩܷܷߣ콾˵һݾ콾Ƿȥɣ
ʲôأô񡣡Ұߣص꣬Ȼ˺档
ҰعЦЦûʲôֻ룬ô½
ĬƬ̣ĵ½ΪһҪȥ½أ
ҰĿԶ֮󣬲½վ̫Сˡ
ҰȻ󣬶˵ȴһը졣
΢ӹһĨʣͬʱҲڰԵͷҰҲʮ߰ͣȴѾǸĴ֣ʵʵ˾㤣
δ½
֮УҲȻһϯ֮أ
ڲ֪УĵĳĵطˣһĪ֡
˷ҰһۣҰǷĲѾϢӡĵס
һֱ֮Ǹӭ͵Ȼ֡


179 ɺ֮
յʧڵƽϵʱ򣬷ҰѾػٴηصƳС
ػƳǵڶ룬ǵĻع飬ҲӭƳ˵ӵ
ܿ죬ػͰźϯ뷽Ұȥ硣
ȻǸҲֻ࣬ǷҰٴβμᣬԱòͬˡ
൱μʱƳǵĸ߲㼸˴һܣνû˿ĵλ
񣬷ҰƳǳΪϱƳеͳûκһ˷ԣĶ붼û˿ķУ÷ҰƴǶƴǲ컯Ū˰
ƳЩеλ˶ˣԿɼƳǶڷҰĿأϯ쳣֣˶ԷҰ޿ڲ
뺨ҰػѯʵƳħ޾ĸ޳ûɹħɷ
ػüë΢ĵɹħ
ҰҪǰ½飬ѾػķӦȻ֪ԼҪǰ½飬Ҳ֪Ǵʲôǡ
Ұ˵ͷЦǵģҪ鷳Ƴˡ
ػδ׷ʷҰǰ½Ϊ£Ƭ̣ſЦħԲƳǵҲܹڷԲ֮ȥ̫ԶĻħеЩǲǵʵġ
Ұɫ䣬ĵںħƳҪұϤĶ࣬һа취ġ
Ұž޲õػҲеЩȣػŷҰٱʾ£ȷ緽˵Ҫͨħȷʵи취ֻҪɽ
ɽҰüһ䣬֣һӡҲûС
ػ͵ɽһ׿Խһ۷׿Խȷ׸ɷЩ׿ԽҪǿĶ࣬˵򡣡
ҰЩɻѯʵǿǰ𣿡
ػҡͷЦǿ֣߼Ҫһʦ׿ԽҪʦһ򣬶ҲŶǿһ򡣸ɽֻһ޽ӽڰ㲻ϰ
Ұ΢΢ͷûɵ뵽˵񽫻ɽָʱ龰˵ҲһǿǸ߼ԭҲֻǰοǡ
Ұ뵽ǰƳǣƳоֻػһ˴ﵽʦ磬Ҳֻһ߼еٮٮߣ㲻׿Խ֮½׿ԽԶԶ硣
ػһּɽ˼ǧˣλû˼֮⣬ӵʦ쳣Ӵ󡣾ǺħеĸԸǡĴֻҲΨһںħкĴֻҪɹħֻнɽĴֻС
ҰԵ˵ͷ׷ʵǸɽںη
ػңָźǰߣһǧ֮⣬ͿԿһ޴ޱȵɽ壬һڰϣһˮУɽƣǾǸɽȥĻҿȥ
Ұػ˱ȭˣˡ
֮ͣûҪôʲôʱǰɽҲǰšػЦŷҰ
ҰһǾɡ
죿ô죿ػû˵Ǿ˸Īɡ
Ұʼ磬˴½ɲȥ½Ҫ£̫ٵĻ»ʱ䡣
ػ΢ͻȻʱ䣬콾յӵʱҲ쵽ˣǴȥ콾ɣ
Ұ΢΢һ㶣Цǰȥ
Ұϣϯ˶£˶ݵİžը˹
콾ǿĿеߵã
ԭӾȻȥ콾˵½궼û˽ȥˣܴ𣿡
һԵģڵذ춼ˣ޷콾콾Ҳвˡ

һգգŷҰԭҪȥ콾
ػŷҰЦ˵½֮л˭Խ콾¾ͷĪˡ
Ұ˰֣ЦƳ̧ˣ˽ܶ಻ʤҿû˿İա
ȻҰĻô˵ȴ˸һĨڱصõɫ콾ǽˣ
ǱҰȾϯ˶ŷҰٱãԤףɹ
ϯոӵ㷽ҰСҲȵģǻССһԵĶƤԲһ㡣
ڶһ磬ػר׼һǰֻţĶֻǱţҪһ࣬ͷϳɫļǣһɫĺۣѸ͡
Ǽһٶȼޣѱ֮ˣǲС
ΧƥԱ߸վһϢǿӣǷҰƳͳ죬һü۳ʯͷӡǣһü۳˷ӡǡ
ͳ໤ԼƳǶڷҰӡ
ػһҪʿ뷽Ұ𣬷ҰȺɨһۣ롢˶ڣҰȭЦлλ⼸յĹգ
˶ЦŻ񣬿˵һ·˳֮ĻػЦӣΪ޷뿪ͳͳǰȥɽɡ
Ұɨһˣֿ˿ǸЦλͳͣĳңλͳȻУҿɲܸ⣬ˣҲλͳһаɡҾͿԶλͳһˣһ·ϻܹ;ķ羰񲻿գ
Ұ˻һڣͳжһĨĹ⻪
˵ҰƳǹ׺ܴ󣬵ϾֻǸո̤ԲﻤͣһҲǸо
Ұô˵Ļͽͬһˮƽϣһ£ие쳣ĳ죬ԽҰԽ˳ۡ
Ƕһۣһ˵Цˣ㻹ǳɡ
ҰҪһУػЦЦҲٶԣ׼һƥ
ŷҰ̴ڣջΪ֣أ
ȻҲŷҰǰ콾Լʵߵ콾
ȥĻҲֻΪҰ׸÷Ұɵȥ
Ұصĵ˵ͷҲأ
죬˻˻ֽɫСצӣ˸
СҲѧСצӻţŻ飬鶯쳣
ǰǺӻģ±ˣȴСģ£Ƴ˶̿
Ұ˱ȭһЦһŻģǴҲҪأϣټʱ򣬴Ҷܱøǿڣ
ΪҪ̤µó̵ԵʣҰЦ̬¶һֲһѣ춼δйģƳ˶һֶĿһµĸо
֮󣬷Ұٶԣתͷλͳһ𣬿ʧ


180 ֵܣ
ɽԶһǧ⣬㼲ٶ쳣Ѹ٣ҰҲڵڶһŵ︡ɽΧ
źԶͿԿһ޴ޱȵĸɽǰһˮУһڰϣɽƣ·ɽڿƵġ
Ǹɽ𣿡Ұѯʣȴѿ϶
˴ǸɽҪɹħͱҪɽĴֻУֻҪɽĴֻɺֵɲơǸü۳ʯͷӡǵͳЦŽ͡
Ұ΢΢˵ͷδ˵һͳӿڵӷģѾźһУֻȥˣʣµģֵܻƽ
ҰЦЦλˡ
ǿɽ·ϵҲԽԽ࣬еŸߴ͵ޣеŹӻеı¶УǰĴ
ҰżҲĽĿ⣬쳣ıңޣɲѰ˵ġ
Ұ·˵Ŀ޶ãżŻСһλͳ첢ŶУƬ̣ͼڸɽɽһΡ޳ǣճǡ
ճǣǸɽΧһУʹڸɽ£δ˸¡
ټϣԲʮֻиɽɵĳħҲ쳣Ӵ󣬱˸ҵķչ쳣ķ֡
Ͼɽڲǲ˽ģڶҪȹħҲֻڸɽȺ
ҰȻУҲûм򸡿ճôֵĳУħΨһۿڣԶԶпԱġ
ͳͳ쵹ǶԴ˼ֲ֣δطֱͣų˹ȥ
ڸճǴ˸ͨ͸гͼһĺ̲̲żҾ޴ͷӡһڰеĴɽͼһˮУһڰϣǸɽı־
Ǹɳ̲ϣѾۼ˸ʽˣޣҵӣȵȣÿһ˶͸һɹɲϢǵΪٶ佫ϡ
ȻҰնɱ佫Ѷ಻ʤȻ˶ǿߣҲе쳣죬ԺͷһתҲ˹Щ˿ɶҪԽ½ûеʵѧ˭ҿ½ðգ
ͳͳȻ⸡ճǣҲûп½йҲһ֪״̬㲻̫Ϥ
ʵҲָомŻװһҾ޴ǰߺȡ
½ĸϽﱨˣһ˵ϾҪˣϲϵľֻٵһ²ˡ
ȥĴ½ﱨԱչٴγ
½ﱨˣɹԶģڸϲϣƾҪԺˡ
Ұɫ΢ףԭħͨ½Ĵ½½ȶͨš
Ұλͳ컺һߺȵĵطиŵһ󷽣ż¼
Ұ˵΢΢̧ͷ­λͳͷֵӡǣӵҲӿֳһĨ΢ЦЦλҪǰ½ɣÿʮ׾ҾͻһһǸɽӡƣȵԱչˣֻҪˡȥ½ɲһҪĸ£ǵĴֻҲޣһ˸ϲϵĻֻٵһˡ
Ұλͳһۣ¶һĨЦÿʮ׾һ˵Ҳһǧ򣬻治һġ
ΧۼôˣõģҲࡣ
ãػԴԤϣλͳЩ龧ҪȻο鷳ˡ
ҰЦŻӦҪǰ½Ƕλȥ
ĿӷҰϵСһɨ΢΢üͷ̲ĵɽй涨ЯϴҪЯҲԣÿ趼Ҫһ
Ұ΢΢£ߵͳλͳɫЩѿҪΪػҲûϵһ˴Ҫô龧׼龧ݵģ
űиɽλͳ춼Բ磬ҲηǣӷҰɨĵλѵҲ𴬷𣿡
ǡʱһ٬ףⲻƳǵͳŶͳҲڣô𴬷ˣ͸ϽλҿҪȥ콾ʦģʱǵ𣿡
˳ķȥͼһһϮɫ۵긺ֶͷ­΢΢ǰһ˿Ĳм
ϴжϣҲǸĸ֣ҲͶʮҵܴͣﵽ磬½ҲһˣѹҿڳҪȥ콾
ߣҲλԲǿУҲһ㡣
λͳŭĿӣͳŭȵ䣬ƨƾģ˵ȥ콾·Ͼͻǣ鵺ϾҪˣ
ҰҲλͳΣתͷǸӣһһɫĿƬУݸӣЦʮʮҸոԥɲΪ龧ҪһԴǡλɲҵ裬ҵֵܣ
ǸЩ㵵ŷҰԭΪǸҰλͳģû뵽ȻǸĴƱΪѶʮ׾ֵ
Ҳ΢΢ٴҰСһ
СԱƵſڷҰϣʵķһ½ɫͫףͫ΢΢ֳµĽɫģ͸һѹ
ԴӷҰ֮󣬻ҲˮɵĽ뵽磬ʱӵĻⲻ죬ͳӺݺɨһۡ
һѵ޺Ľ˿ȻǸɣ
ӵĿͣڷҰϣһԽ͸ˡ
ӳ긺ͨ½½Ҳ٣ܿƽҰƣֽڷҰǸ龧ݸҰĵƣСһÿһţȥҴϵŰɡ
Ұ˵ͷɫελͳЦЦлλͳһ·ͣĳҪϴˣλҲ췵Ƴаɡ
ҰλͳΧλͳҲʮָмͳҲ˵ʲôˣԼأ
ͳŷҰʹ˸ɫԴǸ䣬Խ鵺ƳǵСࡣ˵ҲҪǰ콾Բ϶бģСһӻˮһ·ߣǧҪСģ
Ұ˵ͷûжԣһǲǵԼҲǡȻǵԼͷϣǿɾͱԼĺˣ
ʱԲǿҲƣŷҰƵһȳҴȥ
Ұɫ䣬λͳ𣬲ĸҲҾ޴


181 
һҾ޴ޱȵ¥нɳҲжʮɣʮңΪ㣬һΡĸɽһƶıݡ
޴ֱӡ֣
¥ֳһִϾ޺ɫɺɵһ㣬ӡһĪʱ˸һطǷķģ֣͸һɹǿѹ
Ұ¶һ˿ȣһһ󷨣Ҿ޴ڣҴٶȺͷ쳣ǿԲȫһ޷Ҵ̫˺
Ҹ޴ĲǧľΪŸ֮ĳϣΧǲɫǺ׵ĺɺҾ޴ѾһǿֻǵȽȴ޷ȷ
Ұ̤Ͼ޴ͼһӭŷҰ΢Цλѣʾƣ
Ұ˳ֽеƵ˹ȥЩ˷ҰһۣĿӻСɨٴεݻҰ
ѣƣķǴϵһľʮġʮ塢ʮ䡣ҸĶ㣬ǸɽרΪλṩ˸ָʳǿʳáڵ㣬ǸճǵĴ˾סĵطû飬벻Ҫ״ǡף;죡ߵùŷҰ˵꣬ͱõһԡ
ҰߵлƵڸϻԽϵĸӡԺС
ɵϰߣ£һҪʲôҲ̵ʱķӦ
ڸļװϣѾвڣеһƷ裬еһĬĬеƾңħķ⣬һǣЩ˵Ϣ쳣ǿ
ϵ⸡ûǷǣϢĶ佫ԲҲѹ֣ҸҪԽ½ģ֪֮߳ᷢʲô飬ûиǿΪû˸ԼСЦ
ҰһȦʮˣһˣٸеЩ⡣
ѰҪһ궼ף˴ȴһӼʮǸ״ӣǸӵܣеǻҰ˵ĺ󱲣һӶð˳
Щ˵ߣһλϢǿĸ֣Ӧöһ·еˣ϶ԲǿߣмϢɲ⣬пܻʦǿߡ
Ұи²⣬ȺӦöǳ콾ȥģܹŮ˿ȵĵطҲΨ콾ˡ
콾ʽյӻһʱ䣬һ˾ʮǰЩˮɷ˺Ѷÿ콾յӵʱ½ƻм˶ǰ콾ϧȴһ˿ԽУ֪еѶ֮
Ҳ÷Ұ˾裬ڵΪȻ½˵콾ȣƻһβСĲࡣ
˵ģ˵ѩܷܷС÷ѩڷҰδ߾ʱѩܷܷѾʦĸ֣ѩߵʱҲѾﵽ佫磬ôʱȥˣǵΪȻǿ÷Ұ˿и
ҰڼװЩԼǵػ⣬ҰһЩпͣһЩǿʦһЩ˴ԱҲ١
ĴϸϸĴһ飬ҰٴķҴɣҲΨ־޴ܰȻɹħٺ٣ҿҪΪ콾ӵҲִֻֻŷ콾ӵݡ
쳣ţΨ˼Ҳ֪Ҫȥ콾Ƶģû콾ֵþ˽֪Ҫ콾ĵӣµ˶֪һ
ҲĻͷ䱾ϴ֮󣬲˶΢΢һͷȥȻûаһ
ʹﵽˣһĸ֮һԼΪһһţû˻ῴùߡ
ϵô֮󣬼ôǿߣŵҲȻֹĴÿһɨǲҲǸԼһΪ
ȵĿӷҰɨʱ˫۶ȻһǷˣЦųŷҰ˹ָŷҰһָ߸ϵ٣СӣΪûʸ콾
ҰĿԲĸɨ䣬䲻ȵĵǸҲ콾ˣ½ȥ콾ҿ
ɫһ䣬߸߰ͷ­бŷҰͱ˵ĵô˵ǿˣ
Ұ΢΢üͷ粽õĵǷҪô⣬Ҳ޲ɡ
¶һĨЦЦŷҰƵĵȻôңǾͽ̴ͽ̣
Ұɫһļһû£ҸȴҵԼͷˡ
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ֻҸĶˣɽľһӰ·УѰ˼Ҳκӡ󣬲עĻԷ֡
ҰղĬƵӡĲϷһ˿ѰⷢǸӰҴһ죬ոˡ
ǸӰǸŻɫӣһӣҰԼѯʣӵҲ¶һĨ죬Ȼûϵ˾ܹԼĵҵĴϣһжڣ䣡
ж΢΢˶ԣȻҴĴõ˶ɵٴδӡ
ΪҰӰԵʣǸҲδô¥ˣȻһָɽֹĸо
Ұа̾ϢһʵǺϣܹļһһܵģɱϾڸɽĵϣҲԸ̫֡
ô˵ҲֻʱϨ˼
¶һĨʵɫŷҰЦСˣҾͲ㲻´ˣ´֮ʱһ㳢Сүȭͷζģ
ҰǲӦսͼøɽѹԼľǷҰԼӿֳһĨɫб۾ɨˣΨ˲֪ӡ
˶ɫŹֵŷҰ䣬жڸ̾һҲֻ󣬾Ϳ׼˷ҰûлҪ۸Ұ
Ұҡҡͷ֮治УһﻹǷᰡѰĻǲݺһٵģҲѡ
˶ΪһϷʹлĻʱϿǸӵĮٴδԱ𺽣ǶҼסˣڸɽΧڣκγ飡ȳ˸ɽΧǰôô򣡵Ҫμһǲ𻵸ϵκζڶܳ˭Ƿˣұضι֣
仰£˶΢΢ʲô˼˴
˵߳ɽΧ֮齫ԶƿأҲ£
ߣСӣ͵Űɣôʰ㣡һݻ뱳Բﳯ¥һȥ
Ұ촽ͷųһ貵񻪣üûлˣͷˣСҲʡĻҡ
ֻҲڷҰԺ𣺡ٺ٣ϴҸоҪùˡ


182 ɢ
޴𺽣ת͸ˮϵ
ߴޱȵĸһĴ˳ȥںħغУܿʻ˸ۿڣ߶ģˡ
ħڣˣ˭Ҳ֪ŶգҸһɽߴʻڲӿĺħУֱƽء
ԲʮĺħǸɽΧƬУϵҲĬĲδ¡ϾǴǸʦǿߣڸɽΧڣû˸Ҵùͷ
ôſҲǴӴƤӵ·δѰҷҰ鷳÷ҰֵС
ҰŻСڷصԼУĲֶ࣬ÿ䶼СΨһЩ򵥵δûжĶҲԵΪ徲
ҰѡмǸʮŷס˽ȥ״̬״̬ҰһǸɵľϵħͳУ͸һɹص
ǴӴ˼½֮߳潫ӵΣգҰ֮δٴγԾϵħϤϤϵħԺŻ
Ұ΢ϵħ渡ֳصĹģٵĳ˴Сˮ뵽˷Ұ֮ڣƤ϶͸һɵɫʣ֡
ֻɫѰĻɫЩͬһ޵ɫǻڷӿֲҵĻɫ͸һɹĪζ
Ұճȭ͸еΧеĹ֮ˮԼӿԼ·ڹУľϵӿȣϵĹ˸
ڷҰȫתʱüнֳһŻӡǣžٴθֳһƬҶӡǣӡǽ˸͸һɹǿѹ
ͻƵ֮ٶþϵħ񣬱δͻ֮ǰǿ౶ӡǶĸ˳Բӵеʵ
Ұоڳǿһȭӳܰմ򱬣軯նУһǿĸоȻ
ҰϸӦڵɹԼԵʣҰоڹ֮ЩͣԼĻľ˫ϵ֮ںϽӵǢӳҲӵǿᡣ
ҰҲеˣʦԾ򲻹ٻܵ
ϵħ񣬷ҰԵϢһᵯ˵ָϵĿռָһѵҩĳǰ

ţǸ޴Ͻͭ¯Ҳǰ͸һɺسĸо
Ͻͭ¯Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǼֶƷҩĲʹĴռУЩһֱûüƣڳʱ䣬׼ǶƷҩɢ
ҰɢÿһϸڶԺлӦһȷÿһϸڶԼƿ֮Уһ˫Ͻͭ¯·ͨϡ
һŻɫĻи˳뵽Ͻͭ¯֮Уȼ
ҰӱϷֳһƾľϽͭ¯ڵĻĴС¶ȵȵȣܿ죬Ͻͭ¯ڵ¶Ⱦ
ҰֽһöˮϵĶ˳ȻһЦ˳ֶ뵽Ͻͭ¯ڣ£ٵĽöɫ
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ΪҰͻƵԵʣϽͭ¯еĻֳһ״ķģõû¶ȿֲˡ
Ƭ̣ͿԸӦһɾӺɫɢ˳Ͻͭ¯ǻõϽͭ¯ڵ¶ȶɵýһЩ
Ұ¶һĨϲɫ˿ͣõˮϵֵѺۣѸٵ
һϸ΢죬ɫǲƤĸѣΪɫĻҽ䵽Ͻͭ¯ײһźɵĽϽͭ¯С
Ұ΢΢һЦǻҽϽͭ¯
ڻĿӵľ΢ˣЩӵĵӦˡ
ҰϽͭ¯еĻάһ䲻ȵ¶ϣźɵĽڣĴһԡ
ҰĴץһɫѩ뵽Ͻͭ¯УѸڷҰĿ£ӵ»ȣܿͽһѩյĿήơ
Ұά¶˿һתۼ䣬ͼһεѩɫҺѩ͸˳͸һƢ㣬һ塣
ҰĿѩľһԣóһζУӿܿͽһ̲ɫҺ塣
ţҰɵĽʣҩᴿϣϽͭ¯еĲͬλã˴֮Ҫ¶ȸͬҰȴôϵɫҲ쳣ɡ
һУҰ˸һǧĵϽͭ¯еĸҩҺȫٵת۳һöӿݵĺɫ衣
ҰһգգĶϽ·еĵƵӵľ΢ʱȻѾ˴룬ȻҴ⣬еĵٱš
־ıãϽͭ¯еĵٵתٶת쳣ľȣĿӿݽĥƽˣԽԽ⻬ŵҩɱ䡣
Ȼһɫĵڵҩ渡˳ɵΪһöҩ
ҰܵĿŵҩɹ̣˿и
ûãöҩϾٴγһɫĵƣһһƽӳԣҩתٶҲ
ҰһϽͭ¯ĸˢһ·öҩһӴϽͭ¯г
Ұۼֿ죬ٵ֣öҩ֮С
Rॣ
Ͻͭ¯ĸٴϽͭ¯ϣһ졣
ҰеĶƷҩɢ¶һĨЦݡ
ڵľԼԾǳǿĿƣƶƷҩûʲôˡ
ƶƷҩҪΪ˻۾飬۹㹻ľ飬ƷҩĳɹҲһЩ
ȵƳƷҩʱ򣬾ͿԳǻ쵤ˣ쵤ƳͿöˮˡ
ˮȸͬȼ컯飬ǴĹʵڴġ
ƶƷҩѾ޷÷Ұ̫ģҰеɢܿٴóһöɫˮϵٴ
ʱ󣬷Ұǰ¯Ȼը죬һöҩϽͭ¯ը죬Ұ˸ͷ
öҩˡ
ڵľ쳣ǿ󣬶ԾĿҲϸ΢ǳʱȻ޷۷״̬һöҩ
ڵ¯ըʱ򣬸޴ĵȻӿֳģը¯ɢȥҲҸ޴öһ¡
ҰЦһʮöƷҩԾĿѾ޷ôԲڣҲףʱǲܼȥˡ


183 ս
Ұûǿϥһԣ񶦵ûֻþĥԼľ־
ƣʱ־׶ҡʱ򣬷ҰδֱӵϢڵĻþĥԼԼƣʱҲ־ᶨ
֮󣬷Ұ죬ȵҲӵˡҰĬƵӡʼٵĻָԼľ
ʱ䲻˹ȥת۾뿪½Ѿȥ߰죬ҰѾеɢҩȫƳ˵ҩ
ٸƳ˰ʮöɢֳɹʼֱǺš
ˣҰҲƳʮöƵٶȺЧʸš
һ峿ҰոմҪּ裬Ȼһ䲻ȵڶ𣺡Ѿʻ븡ɽΧԹԹг𱨳ڴβѾΪλṩĳҲ˵ס˵ˡ
Ұһ˿ǣǴӴ
Ӵ˽жŹ
ҰҲû̫࣬ϾǸʵϵ磬䶷Źĸطʱзơ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ȻӶѾŻˣôվ˻̲סġ
÷Ұֵǣã˶ûרųеЩ⡣
Ƽ䣬ҰķѵһĴˣӰ⣬һ٬ɫǽ鵺䡣վˣȻΪԲ
Сӣˣˣҿ㻹ҳʲôд٬˵ڷҰУ䲻̤뵽Ұķ֮С
Ұüë£𣬵ĵôλ𣿡
һЦҽˣڴβѾ̨רŹϸλÿͱõģԲ֮Ĵ򶷶٣㹻õˣȥɡ
ҰһЦݵ߰ɣȻôãҪѰ·Ҳֲˣ
Сӣû㻹ֵͦģϧʵӦòôߣͬʵҲ֮СӽݵأҲֻܳӢµˣЦһ˳ȥ
Ұִ˸ָһһâɽ˿Ļͺè̬СڷֱҼϡ
Ұݲȵ߳䣬һŸ޴β˹ȥ
ߵװϣͼһÿ͵ӰڼװϷɢվԼװβ࣬ȫ²Ÿ޴β
ڸ޴βһɼ̨ԼͿһѪɫķģ飬͸һص
ӡ˴Ա֤֮ս˳Уٵ塣
ʱ̨ϣѾڱԣ꣬һһӴ磬˫ָһںһһϮ£гһķ֡
̨һԲػߣ˶Ķ̨ϡ
̨ϵ˫ֳĽϵ쳣ܣҷ緶Ǹֵ֮вҪ֮ʵս·ӡ
˵ʽ֮䶼й֮棬̨ϿȾһƬѤĲɫ˴˶òֺ
˵Ŀ̨ͣ棬һգգ곤߰Եͷ̨˵ĹʽԼ໥ӡ֤ҲǶԸ˵һٽ
ûą̃˵˱仯ӹ׷ʽ֮ϵܣͻУһķɣѸǸĲӣɢĻĺâ˲
ӱǸԲǿɫ΢üĳһطķӡǣɢĿİɫâӿĴ˳ȥ
죬걳˸졣
ֻüӿֳһķӡǣһ͵ǰ
䣡
˶Ժһƴϯ˷ŴûԶͳɢȥ̨ϵЩطĸ˽ȥ
һеѾӵ˹Ӳ£ǸӶʱҶˣг䣡
˵޴ϵĴӴ˵˲ֳѲɱӿɲԼģ䡣
һջе֡
ԲǿҲûмػ߿ٵߣһ𣬴̨λ̨
һСһ麮˵ĺһεĹӡ
ԼػߵͬʱͷŸ޴Ķһۣȭʩһ
ȥɣһĮȻ
˵ͷɫԼػһ̨ԱߵĲԶңңűÿտ̨
Ұ˳ĮȻķȥͼǸӴͶ¥һ̫ʦϣһ˫۾ƱշǱգǶһжĵӡ
Ұ΢ոԲֵʱӲûгԣԲҲǱġ
ǴӴԣʱԹԹг𱨳𣬸ܽгȫǱġ
ѹղԼô٣Ѿβ˵ˣԽа֣ų׵ķԲһȥԼսķҰ
ҰĿֶһϸձȡߵǺɫӦþǱ֮Ķע
ľѲϣɫҲİڲĶôĿŵİһϡ
ڴӴ£˭ҲҶԶעʲô˼
һУҰ¶һĨζЦݣǴѵԼһ٣ҪǴ򲻹ԼԲǿҲֵġ
ϧҷҰҴ˶
ڳλã¶һĨϲɫλԲһ𣬿ٵǰǸӴ˹֣ϣҪСӾһʤ봬˹ϡ
ԲҪսҰʱϲ˶һмĳЦ
۸ҰƵ£˶ЩΪȴҲ˳衣
֮УľǿʳûԸΪһûκαСӶԲ
ȻıɣǸԵȴֻ̣ŷҰƺѾ˷Ұʹĳ档
κ鶼ĵĴӴ֮ˢһ˰յ˫ۣĿֱԽԲڷҰϡ
Ҳʮֵĺ棬ÿռ䷨¥ԼΧĿռ䶼Ϊһ塣
ԲﶼδԼȴԼе쳣ĹŹ֡
Ǹ֮ìܣ뿴Ͳ굽ʲôֶΣ


184 Ⱥ
ӵĿڷҰϣҰɫʼչž޲ϹһĨЦݣ·𼴽ϳĲԼƵġ
ԽУ˫óֵͬĶעһ˿죬˫ĶĶ
ֻ˼ս˫Ҫ׼עǸ˿ԾǷóġ
䵱Ǹᵯ˵еһöɫָһĳϣ͸һɹɷϢ
ɫһؽ׸߼ֵƷҩǧҩ࣬Լʮ׾£Ҳһıˡ
ֺĵҵĶעСӣóĶעɣߣǧʲôɫŪˣ
ҰĿĴɨЦɫҲ˼ó
ԱϣҰһһɫĹȳϣȲǱֱģ΢ѣӡһƬƬۣȶ˸һΩΩФͷ͸һɷԵѹ
ͷǷҰնɱõһ׳˵ȵؽ׸߼һȽףֵȴʮң
˾ϳͷȵļֵ
˵ɫ쳣ľɫŹֵŷҰһڼԲó˹صĶע굽Ǹɵӣб£
˻ںߣϾóɵӣǿɲôš
м˵ϻ¶һ˿֮ɫͷȿЩ죬ȻɷλԲĽеĹЩƣѲɻһɣ
˵ǰӱ˸ɵˣͷǽǱĻݿɾѰζˡ
Ұóɫɵú£бһ̹⣬˸˷ܵĹɫʼ粻
ͷȿǷ˵󲿷ԣͷȴƫڽԣϣеۺ졣
ͷȻãȴóǱɫļֵ˽ʮҪõȣͱҪó֮ͬȼֵĶ
ɫ˼£ۺʵ£ȷҰսʤԼԲ
ӹһĨɫݺݵҧҧٴε˵еöɫָһɢλðĹɫʯϡ
ݺݵĵһ꺣裬Żᵮĺ裬ǳΪѾ꣬˵½ˣ֮УҲࡣԸϵ׳ļֵˣҾŸģ
ӴĿҲӹһĨȣĵף꺣裡ⶫǲʥ׷һϡвϣӼֵ˵׳Ҳֻǿһѵõ䡣
ɣ䱳һԲ߽Ľг
һԲҲ¶һĨɵɫȰǵðΣմӺħеõıΪԺã㻹ǲҪⶫˡ
ɫõķ˷ƤϵǱɫߵóͬȼֵĶҾǵġ
һ죬ȻϻһҲףսĶǸܽǶóȥע
οҰĶܱǻأǿɲΪԼո̤궼Ըˡ
˵ı飬ôӴۣҰ꺣Ҳ࿴ۣ¶һ˿΢Ц
ҰǷǳġ
ע˫̨ӴĮø޴ϵ˶΢˷ܵſտ̨
ЦһԾ̨ԲҲϣվ󣬿ӣҪʱ̣Ҳǲ׳ֵġ
ߵ̨룬ͷ­΢΢𣬾ӸµŷҰֹ˹ʳָƵĵСӣɣҾҪúõĽѵѵ㣡
Ұɫ䣬˫ڼװ㣬ɵǰ̨ϣĽ˿źͷСĴ˸ǷСצӾſˮϺͿĨȫûаѶ˷
˶ҳע⵽ϸڣǸ˵ĴӣȴǿһµŷҰ뿴Ұ׻ܸԼľϲ
Ұվ̨ϣԨsһԲǿ߶˿¶һ˿ɫѹס˶Է˼һƣ𾪡
е쳣ĲһĶţ˱
ҰȻһЦ崺磬ĵҽзҰ죬סֵģ
֣޴ϲ˵ɫ΢΢˱䣬ҲһЩü˼һҲ¶һĨݣĿĶ̨ϣϵͬڴ
ȻǶ½½ˣ˲ͬǶ˵Ұ֣ɷͼõˣʦﶼδҰԲ֮Ǻ˵ġ
ǺħһСˣڴ½з鲢ǺڷҰ֣Ҳǵһ˵
ҰȻϣЦҰǰɣȻҴ˲ǼȻҪһס֡
ҰͷżСһЦЦʱСһ֡
С̧СԴһֵͷ­ԼСצӡĽ˿ﲻ˶һۣڷҰеĴź磬쳣ɶ
ҰȻߵĴǴӴΪѾﵽɲĵزҰĻһֲڶУ˷ҰСһһۣ¶ɻɫ
ҰԣСһ֮սпԲ֣껹вܰ
¶һ˿͵ɫԾԾԵĵշģĥĥˣҪˣ˵͵Ϯ㣡
Ұ¶һŵЦݣݵĵְɣȻǿɾûˣ
һ˶ˣ̸ЦȻûѶַϣҰ۲ѡ
Լһжһѩ䵶Ӻˢһðһ԰͸Ľɫһȣ֮һ˹
Ұɫ䣬ȴ¶һ˿мɫٶȣĸţƵġ
ҰȻ̨ϣеѩ䵶Ѿǰһߴ˵鶼ɤۣԲǿҲһĨЦ⣬¥ϷǴҲ΢΢۾
ѵص꣬һδӾ
˶ΪҰ̾Ϣʱ򣬷ҰȻԭһɫӰѩ䵶ն֮ǰͿĳĻ˫ȭصĺϡ
䣡
һƶ˶ϣ˾˹ѵȻͿӵɶأǰȫȥһ·Ѫ
Բһгһ߿ٵķ𣬽ס䣬ٴ̨ϡ
˫¶һĨȻɫָ̨һ࣬ȴֻ³һѪ˷ۣܸɴĻ˹ȥ
˳ָķȥҰȻվ̨һ࣬ûжطƵģɫ쳣ƽƺһлһͬ׵ĵˣ˵ֻǼҳ㷹һ
̨µž˳ո˵Ľ쳣ĿݶѸ٣ЩԲǿȻĺҰûȴȻٶȸ죬ܹ˸ɾĽ˳ȥ
ҰոٶȣԲٶҲ޼ĻԲٶҲֻ첻
ѹҶӦսǶԼʵţ
ҲвֻӵϧȴҴ˶οߵˡ
ڸ޴Ķˣв֪ʱһ͸ľƱһڣµŷҰЦڵСһе˼


185 ʤ
䱻ҰһоͷսԲǿж˷ŭڷҰʵҲ˸̵ʶ㲻λĻ﷭
ʧܶС£ǽ͸ǿ꺣ˣǿɾͲǿԳеˡ
ϼһҲС﷽Ұ̨Եÿ϶ӿֳһɹǿһ˵üӿֳһзӡǣһ˵üиֳһˮ͵ӡǣϢɽѹҰ
ҰŨü΢ϻľϢӿһӿֳһ԰͸ͨɫķĽ֯ɣɫɫĽϵгҰеͬ
һжĮĵĴӴɵõɴ۾ĶŷҰһԹ¶˼ɫ
һò֪ҰֿԽڵ˺гڻһģ˵ûҲָ֮
Ұܹڵںһ;Եĳ츳ôҲе쳣𾪣Ծļ˾ϸ̨϶ŵ˫
ҰУȻ
Ұ·һڴеʯۺӿʼ˿˿ڶ֮ơ
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еϢ쳣ľң˵е̨ıԵȴܵӰ죬һѪʹ
Բɫ΢΢˱䣬ƶ˵ȻûʲôӰ죬ǶѾ˻Ե˵ɾͲܹܵ˵ġ
ϼһһۣü۳ˮεǸ߿ٵĻһɫ֣ڣȷ䲻ᱻ֮
ͬʱǸü۳һз˫裬ĽɫΪһ쳣ĳ缲ŷҰ˹ȥ
ЩȻʵģֻɹȴһıӵķɱҲ
Ұ棬˫ֽٶһ϶Եӡ˫ֶּ˸󣬺Ȼǰ˹ȥ
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޴ϵ˶ȵŷҰɫǲ֮ɫҰǸŴڣղűȻѹԲǿߣʵȷ𾪡
ӵӿֳһ˿͵ɫѹСԲǿ߶˿壬ԭ뱾ͬ似ҿ似ĵȽ׻͵ӣ˾Ȱ
һ˵һԵ޶ҪԵռһЩƣҪԭǶԵ޺ҵԼƥĹ似ҪҵԼƥĹ似ЧĽǶԵӳʵҪȵһԵҪǿö࣡
ȻҰһˣҲԭ򣬲ԾԲǿ߶˿·硣
ʱǸˮϵߴ飬Ҳսš
ˮϵ˫ֽһɫתٵ۳һʽɢűĺâεķҰ
һɫķҰоһ󳹹ǵĺ䣬ϵڿٵıɵ˳תǸˮϵڡ
Ұ侪ң˫ؽһӶӡֶ
ɫз·̺ؼӶһΪãԵײһɫϣܵɫ˿
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ͬʱǸϵҲŭųյĹâÿһëж͸һâĽ𽣣·һƬ籩Ƶģ׺ĽҰ档
ҰŨü΢糤Ӱת죬ĵأԵӡ˫͸һɲصħ
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Ұ˫̨㣬˫ȶһͷչƵĳ
ħӡȫӡҪڿʩչܷӳҰڿն˫־һӵƵģÿһָһƵģٵĽ֯ƣľ񶼿ʼ۵˫ּӡ֮С
䣡
ɫӡɫӡȼ棬͸һۻһ޵һһеħӡŶԵ
ɫӡ˲ͻΪ棬һе棬Ǹˮϵ߰ڡ
Ұˮϵߣһɫ⣬ĳǸϵߡ
ڻľԣֶڻԸϤһЩ˽ʱסǸˮϵļһȶԸϵϼһ
Ұ˫ϵߣ˫ȭ籼װϵߡ
ϵһüеǸзӡͬ˸еĽϵ߸ӵ׺ݶ壬˫ȭӿֳһĹ󣬵ʲõӭҰ˫ȭ
ϵɱϵ˺һ赲οȷҰΪǿ磬ڷҰ˫ȭϵ߸ûܿǴӲӲ
飡
Ƶͬʱ𣬷Ұ˳ٵź󷽵˹ȥ
ϵڳУ粽δˣ˵ЩʲôȻɫ΢΢˱䣬ų̫ҫ۹â߰˲
ϵȻ̧ͷһ˿Ѫɫ΢΢Щ԰ףɫĵ
ҰҲ¶һĨɫոȷʵױ似ϵڱըһĽϵģǽһ㣬ͻȻϮҲýϵЩˣ÷ҰЩ⡣
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ˮϵ߸մħӡгҰһ˫ž͵ǰü˫ۻǰͱҰһ˫ϡ
ڰգˮϵ΢Ҫʹǧ׹ʽԼͣ
Ұﻹ᣿
ڰзתҰͿĳ˫ȭصĺˮϵߵǰ
һ޴ĺȻ촫ˮϵߵ̨֮⣬߹Ҳ˺ü
ˮϵ߳ŭ߸Ծ𣬸ٴԾ̨ͱеһռ䲨˳ȥ
Ѿûлٲȥ˭ҲܻҵĹأӴĮӸ߿մ£ǸˮϵȻʣҲټ̨
̨ϽʣǸϵ߻ӵսҰСڴŹǷҡͷԣȻûһϼһϡ
ҰҲˣһδεĳŶħӡںϵһʽҲЩĵá
ʣһˣȫΪ˷ҰĻӣ÷ҰħӡӵϤ
գҰܿľ似ûãһĶûԵ似ٴνʮΣڽϵҲ̨֮⣬ȵ̨ϡ
̨ϻվŵģʣ·ҰһˣҲⳡӮҡ
̨·ʱ׶Ұǰ̨ӰǶӡԺ
һ֣ҰʤĮ΢·ֵȺӵ֡
ҰϹһĨ΢ЦŴӴһߵǸǰͷǿ꺣趼һ
ϵߺˮϵߺ޺޵˷Ұһ̧ۣɻе䣬ӻصԼĴȥˡ
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186 ֮
ڱʤ䣬ҰǿƳ˵󣬾ǴӴ𾪣ȫûԤϵҰֵۣûôͽԲˡ
Ǹո̤䣬ֱӸ˺ˡ
˿ŷҰĿⶼֵֹģ÷Ұеǳûͣۿ˵ıԣԼӦõĶ֮󣬾ʹŻСһ𣬷صԼר֮С
۸¸£ϴܼӶȻ꺣ģǿ׬ˣս䣬ڷҰԺ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬꺣裬һҩļֵҪߣʥһּϡٵĲϡ
Ȼ˵ֶ׳ļֵ࣬Ǽֵ׾ҡ
ǣ׳޾꺣ȴмУ;콾һãõ꺣ļֵԶԶϵļֵ
õ꺣裬㷽ҰʱòϣԺ콾֮Ҳôġ
ҵ꺣裡ʱҸ޴ϵǶһ쳣Ĳҽˡ
Ұ¶һĨЦһн³ɶԼҵģ
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һʼȣҰȴһֱɧţٺõƢҲܰǴӴҰͰǸˣﻹȵõڣ
ԴӷҰսʤ֮ûôţ󲿷ʱ䶼ڷƵҩϤ似ȵȡ
Ұһ֮ˣõø޴ϵ˶ڷҰ쳣ļɵ䣬Ҳûʲô˴
ںħϺǿȤģʻں޾ĺħϣ·֮һжģֻʣºãֻʣһҹ´
żð֪֮⣬ֻʣںڵƲ㣬ҵķ籩ĺˣʻһƬĹȡ
Ұһֱڷûг£衢ɢԼǾ鵤ĲȫƳ˵ҩÿõ˰ʮöӡ
ľõ˼ھĿҲﵽһֳ󼰵ĵزЩƷҩȻֵɹʼߡ
ҰоڵľͿԼҩĵ˽̶ȣƷҩҲϵĻᡣ
ϧ޴ϲûƷҩĲϣҩ꾡İٴҲɸΪ֮
ҪƳƷҩֻܵȵϰ֮ˣ⵹÷ҰЩ޿κΡ
ҰҲûа취ֻʱһţ˼棬ΪȲš
ӣ죬ͿԵִ½ˣ÷ҰЩ˷ܡ
ִ½൱ھ콾ֽһ
һգҰ֮ʱģ޷뵽״̬֮С
Ұа˾裬кСڣٴװϡ
ҰһڴźζĿƲ㣬ɵҡҡͷ
ںħϣǾǶڷ棬Ҳ˸е쳣Ĳ
ҰĿʵƲɨ˸ǸеһЩԾȻ̧ͷʣֿٵɨǰĿг˺Ȼɫ
˳ĿȥصƲǰǧۣ֮аСתţһ۵׹Ʋ͸һɹɻصѹ
𾪵ĻЩƲ·һͷɴСĺɫںħϿÿһƬ۶гС˸һīɫʡ
ɫͷ죬˸쳣ҫ۵Ľɫâһĥ̴Сı˫ͫĶϷƲ㣬ÿһ缡̺Ӵޱȵ͸һɹ׺ѹѹնھҵĲ
ǰ𾪵ĳҰЩ²⣬˫ĿһգգԶɫԼ˷ܵĹ
ƽϲƤĻСڣѵõİԶ
ֹǷҰ޴ϵ˶ӷ˳ĻˣڼԶĵĳ֮󣬾Ҳ˵Զ˵϶¶һ˿־ڴӵɫ
Ұ̧ͷȥǸӴվ¥ˣһĮϲأԶͷɫ
ҰѾ˰˳ɰգȻ̲ס˳٣֮٣ͦȥħҪһˣ
ȻˣҰŨü΢˫ĶԶɫϿյںڽơ
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ÿʱˮ䣬࣬ʵɺҲøעĿŲʶˣá
ҰҲûп鳹׵ķСһںһ·ź׵Ķ磬־˽ʮĹ⾰½ߡ
һ峿½ϰŲҵһնĵһĻ
һӺħ˳ˮԶķֵߣΪڳһտˮ·һʱΪˡ
Ǹ𣿡һСϣһʮС㽵ŴӺħ߳ķҰԱһ꺺ѯʡ
ˢһ²һֻʮСķ㣬ĿҲͣڷҰϣĽĵҲˣǿߣ޶úɣԺ˵Ҳ
ǰЩӣҰںǰУЩƫǰĵطǷͷֻһƬĺ
ﲢû̫ʿ󲿷ֶѰ񣬷ҰҲûоǵƽһʱƵʧǰ
ҰӺħ߳ȻĿΧȺɨɵ΢΢¡
ںħķֲʮˣǵĴ綼Χǣ˶߾磬мﵽʦ磡
߻ʦڷҰҲ㲻ΪǿǰЩʲôѰϰա
ͨΪ½Լ½ӵĳ
ҰڵѪѾʼɨһڶҲâ¶һ̣ʧںϡ
ȵڶٴ̧۹ۿʱǸѾʧӰ٣ǴûйƵģ˻Լǲǿۡ
˻㱼䣬ҰѾ˺һƬɽС
ʱãҰ̤½֮С
ȥزã޾ޱߣһĵϢ
Ұоǽ뵽Զʱڣ޺˷źԶܸܵһְϵѹٶĸ
Ұɫź󷽵ڶ񣬼ϲû¶̫飬͸һɼֲֵı飬ȻѾϰ
ҰҡҡͷһˮһˣÿطضֵطȻȥĵ
½޾еȻҲв٣ǾҰɽȻụ̂޸ռš
˵޵ҲҪö࣬Ҳʹ쳣ı뺷ϰ䡣
ո̤½͸ܵʦϢ÷ҰøӾ
½콾Ҳ쳣ңԶľ룬;б½ҪյĶ࣬впܻǣҰ˿Ҵ⡣
Ҫ콾ô׾Ϳģʵ⡣
˵ģЩ뷽Ұһ·ǰ½ῡ壬δ̤½ɥںīУħδȹ
Щϰˣ콾԰Ƶľ룬ܻŵ콾ˣʮһ
콾յӵʱֻˢȥʣģԶǾӢеľӢ
Щ۷ѪҺע룬Ҳѹ콾Դ޾ǰһֱ
ɽԶ½ɽӵĻߴĹľգبǰûǰеĵ·һƬԭʼľ
Ƭɽ֮󣬷ҰϸΧ̽£Ѱ˸һͷռݵɽͷͷˡ
ҰǸɽͷͣ˳ִ˼ֻҰɽҰζСҲæƨƨ߶ȥһѵĲ̣۰Ͱ͵ŷҰ
ںƯһ£ǴṩĶ󲿷ֶ࣬ͳˣϰһ£Ǵһ١
ҰܿͽҰζϴɾ˿ڻƿظӵľ΢ˣЯĸҲӵȫƬ̾ζ磬ûСڿֱ̿ˮ
ҰĻ󳩵Сһһ٣ȡƣԴһ
ȻΧֲҰҲҶֺʮĺƣǳֹȫԵ͡
£
һ̶һͷɴСɫħݻɷͶ´ƬӰʧԶ
ҰȻ̧ͷɨһۣûзϣǿߣηݡ
Ա֮󣬷ҰŴСһ뿪ȥ


191 
ء
ʯĻХ쳹һͷɴСİɫԾϰգһ̫ɽƵѹһɽͷϣŴɽѡ
ɫֿܵĿռ䶼ͬˮ㲨ĳǰ·ڶ޶
ڰɫǰһһһСһǱӴţɫ֯İ͸ɿϻŵɫĹ֮ٶȼޱȡ
ϴ󣬿Ǵһ׷ˣļͷһСĽ˿ĽɫëʱĻͷź󷽣ߴСС
һߵļϣһɫСèҲھ󣬲ʱĳӶСצӣһϵСצɢΧ£ߣٶȿ쵽¡
ǷҰŻСһ·ɹҰһϮ¶εãĽ˿ףСϳаĺɫëҲǻһһģԵ쳣ǱûӴš
ѾƬɽ˰ˣҰûκεĸ̫򱱶С
Ұûϵ޻֮࣬ÿθմһǿѣٴε뵽һأһ·Ͼüɹʱ䶼ӴܣŪҰƵġ
ͨ
ۼͷʦİ׻׷ǣҰۼֿ죬ŻСڣһͷǰһӿĴУһӾûӰ
ɫˢһͣڴӱϣʵһ޴·ĺը𼸸ˮףһʱˮĽһƬ
ҰںҲоһѪڣǿѹа˿ź˹ȥ
ͷɫ񻢲ĵһʦޣǸľۼƵģҰ˵زŰ£ʦ޾ֶξյ˳
£һֱڸ޴򽻵ʱûʱжϷ򣬱׷ĻŲ·úҲ֪ƫ˶ٷ
ҰһЦٶȥҪ콾Ҳ֪²ſˡ
ҪҵУҪԼҲҪҵŵĵͼС
ȻĻ⿿ԼҪߵ콾ǲܵ顣
˼䣬ҰĺëȻӹһĨǿҵľʾ
ָоҰİֱ
Ұ˼ˮһţһĳ𣬴ˮһںӱߵһƬɽͱϡ

һɴϸľ޴ˮ̽˳˸ĺɫģһɱϢŷҰɨգصµͱϡ
¡¡
Ұµͱڶʱ̮˴ƬʯͨͨˮУת۾ͲҰߡ
Ұɽһֻһչ裬ٵ뿪⴦ͱڣһ޴ľϡ
һͷ޴ִˮðͷüһˮ͵ӡ֣˷Ұһۣ˻ɳƴ̶
ҰҡҡͷһͷԲĴոǶ΢һͻᱻͷָסˣܹѣҲٲûкܴ鷳
ҰĴһٴιۿ̫λãҪϣȻǰ
ҰϢ񣬶ʱԶų˱˪ӦþǰСƿһӦһͷǿǵǿԣһƱ͹ֵǺúûװ
Ҳʮͣı˪ҲҪ֣ҲЩʵ
Ȼ󣬷ҰϤϤ·ǵ٣һ޵ɷ￿
ҰмѾԿ϶ǸŵˣԶ½ЩҪǿĶ࣬صɷȻҲɱմȾɵģЩδʲôΣյӵܿɱȡ
ܿ죬һʮ˵ĶͳڷҰҰУ϶ʮлŮԣÿ˵϶һ׺ɷΪ͵Ҳ硣
нʱҲȻŶβңȻûپɱ˲С
ҰעǶǰǸ󺺣нףվǸƵģϵϢԨϱһ޴ں͸˵Ϣ
Ұǿǿĳ󣬵¾ͿһԲǿߣԽΪӦûЩԣؼ汸
ҰעĿǱǳ޾ɷնɱǿ۶ɵģƷʾԻȴֱӱϣơ
ڷҰ˵ʱҲ̧ͷ˹Ұվң΢΢ȵһ
ҰûԼΣҪҸ½Ҹо͸ˣ£ȻŹᡣ
ףܴ磬˱һһֳɫŮŷҰŶǸ꺺ӱ档
΢΢üͷĴһۣͷҰһɵ˾衣
ĵɽ֮УҶһ˽ﴳˣÿһ似ǿ֮ΪЩģ֮ˣ
ָԻȥҪȥֻʵ
ĶпͣԶչʾʵҪǿĶ࣡
ȻǱǴȴϸܵһ޵ΣϢҲС
λմҲһǿУңңŷҰ˹֣ȻλȵʦĹأ͹ˡǴҲܻʹ˸ǣ
Ұ֪ˣæңң˹֣ϸˣҽзҰΪͷ
󺺵ӣҲǸˣҰҲ߳ޱ޼ʵɽ
ŶܻŶһɫɻŷҰɨɨСһҲһĨȡ
ѾϵСһﶼǿߣͬʱţҲûôĺɵлɣĸĵӲɣ
ҰһԾ£˺ƵһЦλҪᣬͷ㣬ֻ߽Ƭޱ޼ʵɽ֣Ƭ˰ˡ
˵Ұ¶һĨЦΣأҶΧҲô˽⣬Ҫһ뿪ط
ǸͷܻĶŷҰȻǴ½ģ
Ұ΢΢һЦŵ˵ͷ
˻
ԷҰôڶഩŵĳԱɵõһŷҰ
ô֪Ǵ½ģҰܻ΢΢Щ衣
ܻһ۷ҰЦƬɽΣأʦĴټЩϷ߹½ˣû˻᲻ͼͽ˵ġӺߵпвʦĴСֵܻڣɲС
ҰǫѷЦЦֵҪ鷳ϸһ̣һ·õŵĵطϸ羡ܷԸ
Ҳǫˣܻɲܹģ͸ǰɣұ֤㰲ȻƬ򡣡ܻЦŵͷҰļ룬Ҳ
ŵ˿ҰĿҲ׷ҰкֶĿҰСһǵСһ쳣Ĳ
ܻ˵Сһﶼ֮˶׷׾ҰĿжһĨ𾴡
ǸΨ磬ʵӮǵأҰƬɽд˰£ս棬ʵԶ
ȻҰֳΪ̫ǿ½֮УǿΪģʵսҪģ
ȵҰ˶кܻһӣֹס˵ɨǰƬӣȵϾҪӽĿˣֵǶս׼


192 Χ
ܻӱȡУ˫Ŀε·һɰŴŵӱϡ
ܻûäĿĶԴеͷ˪֣ȵ˶׼֣صתͷҰֵܣӦüǱ˪㣬Ǳ˪㾿ǺΪ
Ұ̹ȻӭܻĿ⣬ͷûΪĻӦôԲ硣
ܻ΢ŵҲЩţЩ˷ܵŴӣȴųܻķԸ
ܻ촽ĿȵĵԲı˪㣬£οɾͷˣֵҲܴõװǵʵҲܶ࣡
ڶഩŵ˵ж˸˷ܵĹȻܻĻǶǼ
˵ܻ˶٣ּȻޱͬ׵඼ҪǿĶ࣬ڣҲ֮һڼֵǵҪһҲ̫ѡ
ųɣǶģһʮڣһľ⡣
ܻ˽еĺ񹭣Ҫնɱͷ˪㣬ˮûһ˿ܵģֻнϰǲлᡣӨˮ
ǸֳŮӴһȭͷСӣӱ̻˸صķģСĵݸܻ
ܻӹӣûд򿪣˵ˮˮͷ˪Ȼ׷ѰˮζʱһֵĻᣬҪȵϰǱض·У˪һӣǾûһ˿ˣ
˰Եͷּܻҵһ֮һȥȡˮӨӥۡġУĸùڻҡһˮϵģӡɽǡÿǰǲس֣ҪߵʱȫסҪסƬ̡Сȫʣµɧżڻ
ҰҲ˴ŵų⣬ĸǱģĸڵǿߣԶɱˣһϣԸԲҲкܴİա
ҰǶע¶ǸСŮӣŮӵͲ󣬿ֻжʮͣ˫ֻ䣬˿˿ɫĹ֮Χľгһ䵽ڡ
ԼڵİҰԼΪѾ뵽ڵľ磬ϵϢҲǿࡣ
ⲢĿڣСĸ¿ԷӳڵʵҲܷҰˡ
ŮӾѵĹ֮Щ⣬Գȡֲˣ˼֣ŶսУ𵽵Ҫ
ܻԸϣ˳ǧɣСĽеǸӴ򿪣¶һƬİ͸ֻ꣬һ꣬͸һƵ㡣
ܻȡСķһʯϡ
ܿ죬ҰԶĴоķңңһ߿˻ƽǱ˪
ܻȻ֣ٵĶܵһ޴ʯ󷽣ҲٵĶϢޡ
ȻأҲǰںɫγһΧȦ
ҰҲڰУܻȻ̫ģɧźڻҲûзָ̫Ҫ
Ͼŵ˲ûиҰϹðȻֵĻпܻ˵ǿɾͲܻҪˡ
˻
һĺһɴСĺɫԶĴг˸ϵ̴Ŀģ沼һīɫճҺŷɫڡ
ǧɾ룬ת۾ɫͫĶƬ꣬ſѪڣһɰ֣ƬɫͲܿƵĳжȥ
ݣ
ʱһ֧ɫʸƿնʸӡ˺ڹתطģڼʸΧγһϸСУѸٵиܵգɢһɹɿֲ
ɫʸһ޼᲻ݵƣԵ˺Ѳ񷣬ֱϮǱ˪˶Դ
˪˲ʳƬɫ꣬һ޴Ĵɨһ΢ĵ˸ðһɭɭı׶ϽΪһīɫı˪ڴϣӭǸɫʸ
īɫ˪Ĵ뱬һɳǵĺ⣬֮ȫһƬϺڣƵ˿
¡
޴ı״ײǺɫʸɫʸݲһеϢǱ˪װסĴҵĦ
Ǳ˪װŵĴƬ̣ı˪׾ͳ׵ıɫʸǿƵĴǸϾֱ˹ȥʸΧǿϢӲĽǸȫϣ
˻
˪㷢һʹĺǸһأϿڴһƬѪģɫѪīɫճҺҪжġ
ܻıѾõһδնɱ˪㣬Ҳñ˪һ룬ôŵ˱ܹ衣
֣ʱܻԼƵĴ˳ȥ
ɱڶഩŵ˷׷صس˳ųǱ˪㡣
ǵɧ˪㣬ɱ㣬һ죬ȻƴȴԱ˪ûʲôʵԵ˺ڱԵλߣ˪
ҰбһϣСһȫȻûôԲı˪
Ұ۹·ʱûгֵĴ㣬Ϊܻ
ܻǽ˫ϵǱ񹭣ǸԶ̹˵ԶǰʱȴðȥȡʲôˮĻ꣬ˮк֮
Ǹо˷Ұɻ󣬻ڷҰԺ𣺡ϴˮ԰ˮĿڵѪУˮ˵ȷǾջٺ٣ǲܾ콫ˮƬˮҪˡ
ҰȻĵ˵ͷԭˮֹЧѹܻôҪƬջ
ڷҰ齻ĹܻѾ˱˪ǰһҪһӨӨˮС
˪һ룬ԣſ˻ȫ˸һĺɫģʣ߸ϵҲðһɭɭı⣬Ͻһɫı˪ףڡ
ܻĿõñ˪ϳԼļһ˵ɧ޶ãʣµ߸裬һƵģų嵽ߵܻɨȥ
ݡ
ĸʸӲͬķԽնÿһʸĽǶȶ쳣ĵ꣬ĹϢſű˪ȥ
ĸ쳣ǿǱű˪㲻òϮɱܻΪܻӮʱ䡣
֪˪޼ܻܵĹܲʣһԲɫܻͫٶ˿ĳɱ˹ȥ


193 

һ֮ͨĸʸ˪ֵǲ˪ը飬ӳ˽ϵĵļʸޱȣ˪ڰ߲ͣסѪĽ
ƴˣ˪ļ޴Ѿܻߡ
ܻɫ΢䣬ʵķֵˮһ˱˹ȥͬʱ乭һɫʸŭ˪㡣
±˪ѧˣֳһʸӴʸķײƫ˹ȥ
֪ǵɫʸѾ˸ֺڱ˪һ࣬ըѪģ
˪˲ϵƣԴһˮ͵ӡǱ貵Ĺâſһںɫסˡ
ͬʱ߸޴ĴѸٶڱ˪µһ¶˳ӴȻ֣ܻΪһ޴У·Ƭˮſȥ
ܻܿɫеĺٴһ֧ʸű˪ĴڱӶ
ƻϲϱ仯Ȼ̬ķչԤϡƴŷϵŵˮҲҪնɱͷ˪㡣
һľһǱ˪ǷҪȡƬˮһ¾Ҫ
Ѫк֮䣬˪ѡ˺ߣӴԱ߿ܣ߸͵ĴӲ෽Ǹɫʸٵжȥʸϵ
˪ãеǸ޴Զ߽⣬ˮƮƮһ֦ϡ
ʣµĴŵȫԣ֣һʱʸ׷ɣ˸׷óѹ׵ı죬͵Ĳɱ˪㡣
ű˪鲻ʱܻٳ𣬽֦ϵĻУٵóǸϻӣˮĻװ棬ӡϼģεķס΢΢˿
ء
ܻһûɿϴһƴĺɫ䣬ã
˪㵢ʱ䣬ˮˣոתͷͿһֻӴޱȵɫƿնÿһƬ۶貾Ө˿ͷ˪㡣
ˮ԰ˮ޸ĿڵѪУˮ˵ջһ飬ͷԲɫҲ˹
飡飡
촫ܻں󷽵ӱβɨ˹ǹѪ
ǵΪ΢һһӾҪǵ
ɫɨܻеϻһۣ΢ţ³ӲĮֽڣˮ
Ұͫ΢ԣ޲Żӵеһô
ɵڷҰԺ𣺡ϴ󣬲õģӦǳͨ鵤ЧĶܿ˵ģҲǸԲ磡ҲǿһˣζҲϴ󣬿ɱŹ˰
ҰһһﻹǸԻζǻҪԹ֪
ɫĺȳܻҲ£ͷӦˣһӦõĳֶŻῪڽģΪ綥Ҳ͸ͷ˪ࡣ
ǣԸһͷ˪㣬ǾѾԲˣټһͷɫǿûһ˿ʤ㡣
˻
˪㷢һŭɫתɨųˣĮĵѾˣַˣҪȫ̻Ƕˣ
˵ɫ쳣ѿɫ˼Ȼʶͷ˪㣡
ɫûи˷Ӧʱ䣬ݺݵɨСھƿĺ֪Ů𵽵ҪȴûʲôҪ
ɫͼܻһã־ֿٵĽһֻɫʸŹϴȥ

ȻһճҺľ޴ɨգ
ܻ˼ͻᱻɨͷ­һ¾ɢƵܻ޷
ŵҲӦ˹꺷ηĳ嵽Сǰбηָɫķ
֪޷ֿɫ˴ԼѪ֮ΪСֵɱһ
СһֱΪ鸨ڹؼʱ̣ȫػ
΢ԶһЩ˶ɵòҺ
ǴУΨųܻпסɱһܻ˪סѲƺѾķѵĳ档
˶Ϊʱ򣬰ͻأĳһɫ֯ľ޴ӡ񱩵ںһ𣬴һɰԵѹݺݵײɫǾ޴ͷ­ϡ
䣡
һľ޴촫ŰӿͬСһ𣬶Ʒ˳ȥƽ׶һɴСӣʯ׷ɡ
ͷɫʹҡԴͷۿѣϴһŭĴ˭͵Ϯң
æСԱߣüתͷȥɵ΢΢¡
ǰվһ޺꣬ϹźЦݣǷҰ
ҰһЦŶɫйž޲ûκνŸС
СӸ͵ϮɫҧгݵŷҰǷʲôɵĵߣСûϢȻ˻죬ֱӻΪԭΣ嶪ˣ
һ£Сɲˡ
ץ죬ݺݵ˻ȥûë棬֪ʲôѾľ֪Ϲлүֺͷүһˣ˵һЩҲû٣ȴΪ𣿸㣬үܻûأҸүţһүȣͲã㡭
ظģһǵƵģϡﻩһѣôŵ˶ɵסˡ
Ƕ֪ԭ˿ҲԿԣҿӻš
Ȼ鲢̫ʹɫҲ˶еһˬ
Ĺ񫣡
Сڻ޷ԣҲڷҰһϵţĺɫëзһ̱ʯӽĶɫСצ˸ŷĺâ
ɫҲĿɿڴѧԣҲ˵ЩԣϲһߵǸСһҲڶ죬û¶쳣ŭ
ɫſȫ˻лһӻһݺݵĶŻ顣
ᣬأ˰βδסͣһƵɫ
ҰŨüӹɫâЦ٣棬ĶңҸѶͷϵİģһĹˣ
ɫĿתصҰϣϸһҰǸڵļһгĵǳϵĹ뿴ֵµĹô
ԸҰЦˣգħУƶȻǿһҡ


194 Ϊ
ϴע̫ɢˣǺöԴųԣһԴСС
ɫ߳ŭһͷǸˮεӡųĿĹâİɫ˪״ģŷҰ׺˻צϷɭĹâ
Ұӿڱ۳һ԰͸ɫӭȥ
СҲͬʱˣһһһӰɫսһ𣬸ֹн֯ײһʱ䳾ɳʯ
һıսĻɫ϶һѪܵĿӣһĿҲӰͷϲǱħֱûɫûϢ
ⳡսǸտʼͽˣ˶ûзӦ㶵վһԣɵɵѪܵɫʬ壬Ĳš
ֻǸģ
ԷҰʵҪնɱͷɫҪЩʱ䣬лСһɶʡ͵ĵƣɫûôֵͱɵˡ
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СŲӣб۾ɨֻСצӣһԲĺ
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ҰɫͷϰγǱħɺѪ˳ħĽʣӳħϵͷʬ塢ɽӡӵûɵĴӷҰϸӦһŵħԡ
ҰħɨǸ˪ڣֹܻۡ
ܻһ˪жȥʣЧ˪Ĵٴα
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ͷ˪ȻˣҲ˿Բֵģ˷Ұ֮⣬˿ûаտڷı˪нܻȳ
Ұδ˵ɵĵҿɲϲֶĵĶϴɣ
ҰĶͷðһߣСô˵أôźԼϲֶĵĶƵģ
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˪㱾ܵĽǰļ뽻ǰһڵı˸ű˪Ƶĺɫģٵǰγʮ

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˪㷢һʹ˻Уɥʧս
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ҰƤգ۾Цŵ˵һ·ϻϸķԸͷһҲϸɱģϸ翴ŴˡֻӵСһ볢⣬ҾͲˡ
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ҰҪɫǶԷҰøС
ֻлССһﲻĺ˼СĵƵˣ˵ľͺ㲻Եӡ
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÷ҰΪȣֻҲܵģͨƻԣҪǱ˪ıɾ𲻵ʲôЧˡ
ŵ֮Ув˶Ǳ˪ıԴҩ϶ǲƷҩҩֻܻһƷҩҲòֻʱѹסԺʱˡ
ɫɫҰȻһѵɢЩҩԼȻۣҲǶƷҩЧȱ˷µЩƷҩҩǿö࣡
Ұ߰öƷɢݵܻеʱܻ׵סˣҩļֵӸ߲£Ұһ־߰öһȫǶƷҩǽʮ龧ôˣ
ǿܻ𾪣ҰЦϸͱˣɽ棬ָʲôΣأһʵͶһֱĻᡣĳȻһǵʵǿˣҵİȫҲиı֤
ܻмĽӹЩҩָ֮жˣŵ˶ԷҰĺøֱȫѷҰԼˣ뷽Ұ˵ЦĵúͶ
Ұδ֫ͷɫֱӽɴСɫ뵽ƿռ֮УĿࡣ
ıҲмõҲֻǼɴСĿռ䣬װ°ɴСɫȷǰλز
ҰԽԽˣвж²˳ҰᣬǴ½ƾǳ콾ġ
ĿУƺѾ϶˷Ұ̤콾У콾УҲȻӱ


195 ޲ħ
ŵҲӵżıͷ˪õĲȫװǱ˪Ѫ⣬ûϲȫ
Ұûôڣɫȡ˳ͽɫʬĶ뵽ƿռ֮УҪɫҲǳ⣬ϵĲϣû̫¡
Ұɫ֮󣬾һԵȺŵˣʰԺ󣬾ƬΧȥ
ҰϵϢ쳣ı뺷ѰҲ鷳ֻмͷ۵ð·ȫΪ˴ŵļꡣ
÷ҰǣڽʱУǲδκ࣬ܵ½ĺ嫡
޵Ҫö࣬ǿҲв٣г޴࿹ֻΪ޿еʳˡ
Ƭٴλε죬Ұһ̤Ƭ嫵ɽڷҰǰһ޴ĳС
ʵĳǽبԶԶȷҰκһǳضҪ޴󣬾ǸճǣҲܸϵϴ˴ǳصһС˵Ǻΰ׳ۡ
޴ĳǳǸ̫žƵ̾ǰǽϲʱ˸һ˶طģǳضڣʦǰҲԹƳǽϵķ
ڳǽɵϣڽÿһϢеڴǰУеıߣеȺС
һģ˶ڴ·ߣ˸ҳ嵽߿ա
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ܻЦŽ˵ֵܣǴʱŵǣ˵һͷʥڴ˴ţαǾͲܹ֪ˡ
ܻ˶٣ּ֮Χǽ򣬾ʦǿߣҪзҲҪž޴ѹң˵򣬳ڲѾΪһ壬ǿˣҲõԼĽ
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˵ҰҲ΢΢һĨȵĹǿ߶Եסеĵ̻Щˡ
֮Ҳžֶܹ֮εˣҲֻЩˡ
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ռأҵκز϶뵽ϵħ֮УʬаҲȻԽϵħ޸΢һЩܷӳͻӵǿ
ҰõʬаҪʬа뵽ϵħ֮˵
Ͼ½ɲͬ½ΣеĵԽǿԺĻŻ
ҰһۺȵĻ飬˰ѵĴ㣬޲ϵħϸԺйһ飬վڳУעеĹʬа棬Źʬаԡ
֮󣬷ҰˢһðһŹĻ棬¶ѹͣĽǹʬаڡ
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ҰѸеĻ棬ͷѾ΢΢ڴϢţ͵еľϵħ
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Ұ쳣ǿھƹƵӡ֮£Ϊָ쳣Ѹ٣Ƭ̾ͳ׻ָ˹
Ұеľϵħ΢ϵħѸٱˮһ뵽ڡ
ʱһǿĸоȻУΧøӵĶ˶ԼĿ޾۵Ŀռ䣬΢ͻԭһӰͶ֮䶼͸һɹɿֲơ
ռ֮ʦ磡
޲֮ľϵħ񣬾Ȼﵽʦľ磡
ҰǷǳġ
ŵƱʦҲԶһˣ


196 Ѫӥͻ
峿ͮͮ͸Ұˢһ˫ۣ˹
ҰƿŻһ糿¿ųһĨЦݡ
ܻ˽ҪǱ˪ϵĲϸ۵˳е˹һЩµװŶӵ˶ѼڸۡĹ㳡ϣװ
ҰǡҲҪһЩͼϵȶЦŸܻ˸кһ·ˡ
쳣֣ϣҩڴ洦ɼһЩʦֱڴ԰̯඼ǴɽдġõĻҲԵö
ҰŻСڣڴź棬µŴڶ̯λǻ濴һЩĶԼ͵ļ۸һЩҩġ
СһЩȱȱΨԵ·ЩСԺܸȤСצץСԣһĴš
Ǳ˪ô˵ҲǸԲޣϵĲҲѵõϣŵ˿ɲһֱ̯˳ġ
ûãһ˾͵ĵһ޴ĽǰǰϤı־Ұɵ¶һ˿Ц⡣
־챦̻ı־
챦̻۸񹫵ãڸжзֲҰûٸ챦̻򽻵
챦̻ᱳ콾֧ţչκζļ۸񶼷ǳȻȺϵļ۸΢һЩǣн׵ķҲܴǻｻ׸ӵһЩܻЦŽ͵
Ұ΢΢һ½Ͽûж֪챦̻ı콾û뵽ܻȴ֪ô
Ұ˹½콾Ƭ嫴½ı޾¡˵ԲܻˣƾһѰޣҲ˽һ
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˻쵤Ĳ⣬Ұ߽һҵרųͼ¼̵С
λҪЩʲôҰ̤һ»΢Цӭ
ҰЦŵҪһ½ϸĵͼ
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ҰԵͷƵ˵ҲпϣԼҪҲߣԼֲоģָܹԼ콾ˡ
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˵Ļ治ǼٵģĿ˸ָ޴ɽڵͼءȵ棬µطעһ
ҰϸеһŵͼзԼʱɽıע飬ǸԼʱĵа˷ơ
ҰЩͼǷǳģֲɽֲֲȵͼȫҪһݡ
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÷Ұ۲ƣ⼸龧˵ʤޣҲּۻۣ龧ʹԼҪĵͼȥˡ
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ڷҰ׼شŵĸۡʱ򣬲һ̧ͷһϤӰǱŽֵһţǴŵǸӨ
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Ұ΢΢£üͷ΢챦̻Уÿһβ޾Ҫҳϸ磬Ҳô׵飬챦Ҳġɣȥ
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ڴͨǷǼǵúȥ֣ȴ⵽ѹȣȻҲһϵеˡ
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ҰȻģǻģǴͨҲֻ࣬ǵǶֵʱ򣬲Ǽ̣Żᱻǹɴѹơ
ԼĿҰкܴİյģڲеĶ˵ûʲôѶȡ
Ұϸ£׷ʵѪӥŵʵΣ
Ө֪޲ԵĵǴŲ࣬ѪӥϵԲڣڣʣµĶЩڵҪܴ粻ڣҲҶǶ֣
ҰԶֽһѯʵ˴ܷɱˣ
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Ұ΢΢ͷʾԼף½쵽ڣȻЩֶΣƲѵĵزҰҲԸֳ
ҰϵСһɶǲֵֿǵж¶˷ܵĹ
ӨĴ£ǿٵųͻĵطȥ


197 
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˿̣в˶ֻһ޴ı꣬ڶţƮ˿˿Ѫζ
Ǹϵľ޳ǣ쳣ĸӣеǾסǵˣеǳɽƴʦеҴĹӸ磬ȵȡ
½籾쳣ı뺷ټÿ˵ʵǿԸǧ໥֮伫ײĦ
Ȼǿػϸֹ˽Ƕ֪Щﲻˣн𵽵ҲޣŹзҲѾϰˡ
ǸУŵŵˡźѪӥŵʵ޼ͬһìܣµĳͻҲ˵֮ڣ¸߰һԿ֡
˶ֶŹҲϤˣȻᵢ⣬˫ܹǵģֻôŻõһԣ˫ڳսĿռ䡣дػôҲĵꡣ
޴У˫ԣһˣСΪףһʮˣͷǸʮ꣬˫۱صվвʱһĨ˵ĺ⡣
ϹЦݣĿСӹЦСʮ֧Ƽ׼øǰɣһᰴԭչģȻĻǽɾҪԵͷˡ
Сɫֺ˪еһѺɫƼ׼䣬ĻӦѪӥһֶûУҪЩƼ׼ãҲ磡ߣҲ͸ѡųڵʱƣųҲûӣ
ķ˿Щң˵֮仹ЩΪǱղѾԷˡͲս͵ģȻڸոյĽгЩ
ϸֳһ˿ϷʵɫЦЦĵûй֣ǿԵ˦ּðС㳤ô£ȴδɻ飬ŵ˶ЩϧĴ˰Ұɣүұ֤ܰί
Сʮҵͣϲû̫µĺۼĸǿףСʵĿġ
٬ĻСŭĿԲҧŭ㣡ɲҪ̫
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ŵ˾ŷ󺺣󺺱ҵӣж˷ŭ̲סҪȥƴ
Сסˣ嶯ӨȥܴˣܴٺǺú㣡
ΪǿСĻһɵЦǻָӨܻܰ𣿺٣ʱǡ챦ܻӨҪ챦ܻ챦Ҳ죬Ƽ׼ҪˣˣҲҪˣ
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Ѫӥŵ˸ӦһϴЦ⣬ƻĳŴŵļ˳˹
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жʱһƺѪӥŵ˶ɵͣס˽Ųɫ԰׵ĶŸոճֵ꣬м˵Ƕ˿˿ѪȻڸղŵĳܵ˲ơ
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ڷҰӨУոշҰֹͻĵУ˵Ĺ
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ѪӥԼµɫΪܻˣû뵽ȴһ꣬ɵþ£ЦΪӨиأԭֻǸС񡣺ߣҪӢ۾οԼô
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Ұ˿Ѫӥƣתȥ鿴С˵ơ
ҰûѪӥŵˣСڿɲѪӥŵ˰ƨɣ¿ˮѪӥŵȫɫࡣ
Ѫӥȳ⣬ȻӦЩʲôɵĵ
仰һڣ˵ĿⶼתƵ˷Ұϣ临ӣĽмʣвš
УʦǿҲִο˻һʮ߰ꡣ
ͽҲͰˣУҰб˶ĳĺᣬĳλ콾ףЩŮиðСǡ
ҰͷûлأС¶һĵ΢ЦĵͻԭӨҪ˵һЩĵʲô
СеƼ׼ЦЩƼ׼һЩĵؽױļʸŶһֶûУҲ硣
ûУҰѯʡ
С˵ͷˣֻѪӥŵҪǿǵģȻͷ˳ͻֵǶЩˡ
һ²һ£Ȼˣ߰ɡҰƽʼնûпѪӥһۣ͵һ㡣
СӨ˶£žͷӦ˹ȫûٶ˵ʲô໥Ÿ˷Ұ
ոǲǲߣֻѪӥŵ˶ǰ߲ڷҰˣҲηѪӥŵˣǿûǵҰԾɫʱ͡
˵ҰܻǷġӨҪ÷ҰֶԸѪӥˣ죬ȴʲôû˵
ϾҰǴŵˣϰԼ˶ȹѹؾѾܲˣ˼ҿûΪԼȥˡ
Ѫӥɲô룬һڵСһ˿ᣬɫ˲ѪӥܻˣҲǣСȴ۶ûһֱۣҲ̫ˣ
ѪӥϱһۻüĴʯͷӡ֣̤ǰһڷҰǰ棬һ˿ΣյЦݣЦе˼˵ѪӥСӱҸ񣡾ܻˣҲǰţҵҪƾʲôǣ


198 һ
Ұͣס˽Ų̧ͷǰѪӥ΢΢üͷ̾ϢһĵҪҲˣ
Ѫӥ¶һĨЦ⣬ĵ·㲻ߣ㴳СӣҪӢ۾ۣɲܹģ
ҰƽѪӥ̲ĵȻˣְɣ
Ѫӥ£û뵽Ұ˸ɴ࣬΢΢ϸҰ
ܹǻ쵽ڵĵزʶ˷ȻЩЩ˿ǣЩ˶ܶһ
Ұȣ޵иֲӵеȣ뺷ʵǸӡ
ôҰӣѵ˵Ǹصĸֲɣ
ֻǣΪĵȷȷڰȥ
Ѫӥ벻ߵһ꺺Ӵ˸ɫ꺺ᣬ̤ǰһŷҰЦСӣԸ㣬ų֣棡
¶ЦϱһӿֳһصĽɫģ˻ض
ͿշУڣ
ѪӥڷҰǼ俴صˣֱɳ˸ڵǿԷҰ֡Լ붼úЦҰǸڵļһɳǲǴС˵
չʾƣҰû˿ıʾվԭأƽŴ󺺣ûмų֡
˼
ǴڿȻһšǸԵƵĴٶȿ쵽£ȭͷϲһĹģ͸һ˺һеϢŷҰͷ­ݺݵȥ
һȭʵˣͷ­Ľûеڶֿܡ
󺺵ȭͷת۵˷ҰǰҰž޲ſٱȭͷ¶һĨЦ⡣
Χ˵ͷɵһϧʹﵽ磬ͷ棬Ժǰ;ϧȴҪѪӥŵˣԹ콾زۣǷâ¶Ľ
Ѿֳ˷ҰԽĽĻ棬ѪӥǸ¶һĨ̵Ц⣬Ҳ˿ΪһǸǿߣû뵽ȴǸ廨ͷһȭ¶ŵôסˣԼˡ
ǣŵ˶ɵþ淽Ұǡ
ôľ룬Ұܶù
ΨзҰϵСһһĵѪӥŵ˻ȭͷǸѪӥŵ˰ûа󺺵һȭϡ
ȭ˶ΪҰʱ򣬷ҰȻ̧ͷ­˸һࡢ졢ɫ֯貹âϮĴŭһ
һȻƶȻ˳ǿľ񲨶üӿ·ޱߺХһ㣬صĺڴϡ
ۣ
۵һһѪһҽжûüصԵڵϣн͸˿˿Ѫͷ­һᣬ׻˹ȥ
Ұãһ޻ڣԼľԼ޵еڶԷʽϵһٱ䲻Ĵݻ˴󺺵־ҲΪ˷ˡ
Ұľ쳣Ӵ󣬾ԲǿߣҲȲľ嫡ǷҰֳһ¾ܽ󺺳
˻
һƬ˶˼ŷҰƺûдӸոյзӦ
һȾ߽һǿߵĹֶûֱǲ飬ԲҲ
ǸڵˣӶûжʮ꣬һЧ治֪굽ʲôӣѪӥŸô
ڵ
жӿֳһ˿ڴ뿴صѪӥ֮䣬˭ǿһЩ
ڴ󺺱һ˵ʱѪӥͫײɵɫҲ΢΢һӽĶŷҰȻӣѹָҲѪӥŵ顣
ҰĮƽĵұ⼸λ뿪ҪҲ££ֻ÷㵽ˣµ̽ˣԳְɣ
ѪӥƤһû뵽ոԼô΢СĶҲҰˣҰ˵˳еûӡ
һߵҰǰ棬´˷ҰһĿϵСһͣƬ̣ڷҰϣĵ㾫ǿѪӥǰҲûκεĻᣡ
Ұ΢΢üͷͷĵ״򲻴򣿺ù·͹
ɫһ䣬¶һĨײеЦݣĵСӣѰ·˵ɱҳ飡
ֽһ͸һۻüĴʯͷӡ֣еϵҵĲĺţȭ򵥶ݵĳŷҰϮ˹
ͬһȭһȭɱȸղǴ󺺵һȭҪǿĶ࣬Ȼûжʽȭͷ̺ȴ֮𣬸εҰϢ޿ɱܡ
ҰųɫĹڵžƹХתԼֽ֮ճȭĳȭͷӭ˹ȥ
䣡
ֻȭصĺһ𣬱һĺɫĹĺͻɫĹĽ˸񱩵ϯܡ
бһâ˸Ĵģನ˽ȥδƻһɰѹӴѹ򲨶롣
Ӱٵĵ˶˼ͬʱסԼϢʹԼϢйǹȻѹٴʧӰ١
ҰӲƴһ˫ƽɫΧ˶ɵþ¶ŵɫ
ô˵ҰҲǸڵʿȴǻʵԲ㷽ҰǿҲײǣʵǰǲòţҰĿжǹ졣
ҰܸԲӲӲҪǵھƹڵ˴߱˵˵ɲСﶼ޷ײѹס
Ұͣ½Ų˫ֿٵĽãһཻӡгͣŭ˹ȥ
ЦһһΣʧԭأûӷҰһ
̵ǲ÷Ұ˴Ĵ󣬽شҰٽҰ
Ұľǿףʧһ˲䣬ҰָӡϷ˹ȥ
䣡
ոϿոֳǸɫӡǰը˿񱩵Ļӿֵ֯Ӷľ
ɫһٵǰһʮ˵˫ֽڽӡ߽ˣԼҲӡ䵽ϣɫ쳣ѿ
һڵѹ·磬е쳣ıðŭĶŷҰѾɱ


199 Ѫӥ
СӣҷŭˣŭĳͷɣѪӥŭһüеǵʯͷӡ֣˸ŻƽɫϵģΪһƽס
Ȼ˫бһѪɫĹâһѪɫķĴüӿɫĿٻ۵һһŨѪζƮɢ˿Χ˶΢΢üͷ
Ұɫ΢ȣѪӥﻹˢӣʹõһټطǰնɱʵٴ
ҰȻû˿ɫѪӥʵĺǿĻͰѴŸϳˣ
˭Ҳκβ˭˵ѪӥսҲޣܻǿҲǿȥ
Ѫӥ˫зѪɫ¶һĨЦݣϵѪɫ⻪ʢ˫ֿٽһͷѪ۶ɵӥ˫֮両ֶ
ѪӥգһеѪɫӥ췢һһеһѪһĳŷҰٳſĴ죬ŷҰͷ­һҧ¡
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Ұ΢ݣѪӥյ似̺˹ĺ;˫صĹǷҰľ쳣Ӵǹ֮£Ȼֶݵͣ٣ѪӥֵǰʱҲˡ
ҰӴľֵסѪӥзһߣ˫ֿٽһӵӡϸ֣ȻѪӥĴС
䣡
һ޴ĺѪӥը죬ͷ׺ѪӥըģɫħӡҲɢڰС
˫˫˳Ӵ񱩵˷ػյĸɸɾ
ңͷֳһصģһӴѹѹ·ˡ
ҰٵϢǹѹʧȥĿ꣬ǻƬ̾ʧӰ١
̧ͷȥҰѪӥҲһ㣬ԼϢȻҲǵػ
ҰĶŶ΢΢˿˿˷ܹڸոյĶԾУԼƿ΢΢ɶһЩ
ȥĻмİտͻƵڣ
Ұ˷ܵ촽˫ڵһ٣Ƶĳ˳ȥȭͷһĹģɫ˸նһ
ϵ˵ҪͻƵĿ죬ڼսͻǸݾҰΪȻ
Դ̤ϸ޴֮󣬷Ұȶˣɫīǣƽ͵ףˣľһͻƵ
ĶսڵƿɶЩҰﻹ׷ĵ
£ǶñսſõĴڵżҰ붼ûħӡֱӶñս
ѪӥѸٳķҰ¶һ˿̵Ц⣬ֽգŷҰ˹ȥ
ȭ;Ѫӥȭͷ϶ȻһŴ۵Ѫ⣬ȭͷð˼ѪɫǴ̣·ճѪҺݺݵĴҰȭͷ
ѪɱȭףѪӥ޳ܣ
޳ܣԸڵ˾ȻѪɱȭ͵Ϯ
СӿΣˣ
ҰСģ

Χ˷׷Ѫӥг˱ģЩŵ˸Ǿ˳淽Ұš
Ұһһ˹ѪӥȭͷϾȻȭף
ʲôѪɱȭױȻҲǸ׵˲Ͷ˳ҪԼֱ۰
ҪȻҰһ䣬ڽյ룬ӡ쳣ȭͷϰһɫ⻪ܵѪӥǴȭͷϡ
ҰȻ˿ܣ˶̾ϢһҲǸ˲ţϧҲ̫֪ˣѪɱȭ׿׳һȭͷӲƴǷ˲ɣ
飡
Ŀ֮УҰȭͷѪӥĹǴȭͷһ𣬴˫ȭཻĵطһ貵Ĳɫâƺɫ⻪֯˶ܿƵı۾
ȵ۾ʱǰһĻȫסˣÿ˶ĿɿڴĶųУȫԼ
ҰУȭȻź̬ȭͷȻµɺѪҺĵδ˶ߡ
ڷҰĶ棬ѪӥڵϣȭѪɱѾʧұûйͷƵĴϣϻɢһЩѪɫĹǴƬ
ѪɱȭףѪɱȭףϳ˵ɢƬԭΣ
˶ҰĿг˲ŵɫӲ׵һӭŹǴ̵ļҹȥģȴһ
һȭһ
ң⻹Ǹڵ꣬ôģ굽ʲô
˲ɵûɣѵǴ콾߳
Ұкâ˸Ѿɱո񶦵һұ۾ǳ׵ķˣ
һŭڷҰȼգڵƿٴɶЩ
ҰһƽзѪ˫ڵϵһ£ȻѪӥŭ˹ȥ
ȻѾǾնݳ
ȻӨ˵ѪӥЩǷҰʢŭ֮Ҳ˲ôˣһû˿֣
ס֣⴫һȣдһƣֱڷҰ
Ұһ𣬶ɵ£üͨеıһǿнӰ˳ȥȭԸٶȥ
飡
һҰԤеͷ­ѵδ֣ȭͷһֻԾ֮ϣ޻Ƶģһ˿ʹϡ
ͣһ˲䣬Ұ͸еȭͷϴһɾ޴˶Ʒ˳ȥڰз˸ͷڴС
̧ͷȥֻһվѪӥǰһͷɫͷ޷裬ŭĿ絶ɨڷҰϣ÷ҰоһΣա
ʦ
Ұĵðְ֣סСһɱȥָֻƵ顣
˵ס֣û𣿡ӵŷҰͱˣڷҰոΥԼеǳ
Ǻƻ
벻֣Ѫӥﵹӹһ١
ŵ˶н飬Ȼˣγͻʱѹסˡ
˶ϳ˻ߵݣȫηСš
ҰǸСɵľϵħ񣬶ǰ߲ôη壬ĻӦԭǻˣˣϧûңû취շ磬뻤֡
˲֣Ұ֪ҪɱѪӥǲܵˡ
Ҫ֣Ҳ־͸дأס񶦵
뵱ڷħ񶦵֮ħĽҲ޷ȫסҰɲħͬĴڡ
ҪǼԼָ췭ظ


200 
ĿڷҰϣ˵Щʲôѵ䣬Ȼ£Ȼĵڣ
ոռѪӥﱻܣΪ˸ʲôĸأ鼱֮²ųԺǳ⡣
û뵽ȴѪӥȴǰһڵʿУһǸ꣬û߶Щš
߿˿һȻķҰֿ˿վѪӥɫ쳣ĹŹ֡
ʱ⴫һۻѪӥĸ۸Ǵŵĵ֣һ㣡
δ£ܻʹҴææĳ˽󻹸żŵĵ֡
еܻ͸սЩŵȫסˡ
ǴеõϢ֮󣬾Ϳӱ޵ĸ˻ΨԼֵܵ۸ǿѪӥҵģʵڲռ˵ӡ
ȵǿҰ֮϶¶һĨȻɫɷڣֲʲôȥ
ţǾȫǺܻڳŷҰͷкȻ㳯źЦԭҲָ鷳ˣ
ư˰֣Ŀ˫һһɨĵ֮ĶԹҲ֪˭˭ǣ͵ΪֹɣУ͵ðǵĹ
ܻ˿Լĵֿ֣˿Ǳ쳣źƹֵԵӺϵķԸ
ĵ˵ͷĿӷҰӹѪӥϡ
Ѫӥ޺޵˷ҰһۣǿѹеŭĹֵƾ
ССû⣬ҪֵòʰˡƵЦŶһ䣬ٴ˷Ұһ̧ۣ꣬ˡ
ԹŷҰеĿȵ滹ҪҧгݵĵСӣΪڵģ
ܷһֱۣҲȡ㹷б£Ұüë˿ĻӦ
˼ֶβδóǷҰõҲһѪӥǿܱȵʦ
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ܻߵҰǰЦΣлֵܳˣ
ҰȻЦЦϸҲÿ֮Ͷѡ
ܻ˵ͷ˵ֵƣһ뿪ꡣ
ҰѪӥ֮ļɢĸˣ겢ûʲôʧҲֵ徲⳥ʲô
Χ۵˶ев飬ȫηŷҰĽ
ܹѹԲǿߣ½ϣҲǲɶţĽּʡ
Ů۾涼ðСǣҰֱǿʵǸ䣬˶׼Ҵŵ˴£˵ʲôûŮ֮ġ
ҰܻǵǴۡ
ϸ磬Ǻʲô·ϣҰܻѯʡ
ܻźۼɨһۣѹڰˣһλλԼĴ󻤷ǷͷУӵоԵĻȨֵûǲҪ
ҰԵ˵ͷȻͬ죬ʦ֮ǿ
Ұ뵽ǲçʥذ죬ʹﵽڣڵΪƻߣⶼǴѳġ
ϧذôƫƫԼȸӡԼ治ڵذԵסġ
Ұ˼һ뵽ѪӥʵѪӥǺʲôϵ
ԱߵӨ廰Ҳ֪Ѫӥ뺫û̫Ľ飬ֻûٸǺϣܴҲûٴ£ȻҲٲǺ֮󣬲û̫ĸԤֻʱսˡ
ܻЦŵǻ췹ԣҲǲѵ飬ĳЩ£Ҳźܶ෽㡣
Ұͷʾ⣬ȻֵѪӥǾҪЮĻɲǳ滰ѵʲôֶβɣ
ܻ΢Ƭ̣ŵ˵ĹϵǸܣҸôˣҲЩ˽⡣ӦһһǺΪʲô󣬲űϵһЩ˲ĴеǷ׭еǱףȵȡΣδܱƳȫʵҲҪСĵ
ҰЦģվΪ塣Ҫٸɾûнôˣ
ִסãܻѯʡ
Ұ£콾кܳһξ룬Ѿõ½ĵͼʱԳ
ֻǣôʱĻҰˣҰеԼ·ٶǷϣһ콾յӵӣǿɾͱˡ
ǣʵǲ˾
ҰڼͻƵڣҪʱһżͻ֮󣬾׼뿪ˡһ޷̫ͣá
ΧĴŵ˳ԾڷҰٶȣҲЩᣬЩദУ뷽ҰҲϤˣȻֿҲǺܲá
ȻҪǷҰսǿԲѪӥﶼˣзҰڣǵĵҲһЩ
ܻĬƬֵ̣ŷҰȻֵǲ׼ȥ콾
Ұһ˿ɫҲͷǰǴǰ콾
ܻϸֳһĨɵЦݣЦԷֱֵ죬͸ý콾УȻ콾Ǿżˡ
˻Ұ΢üѯʡ
ܻЦ콾յӻһ࣬ƾԼԽ½Ȳ˵еΣգҪʱҲֹһ꣬ǺѸϵ콾ˡǣǶ⣬һĳУΪǣгԶĴʹ󣬿ͨ콾һųǣȲôԽ˶գֽʡʱ䣬ֶΪ
Ұһµ棿
ԣܻЦſ϶ȻֵͷסһӰɣǻǵĴʹʹ÷ʮ׾ʱ龧ΪֵܳˣϣֵĪҪƴǡ
лϸˣ˵ĻҾ߶һӡҰֵܻлѾٴһӡ
½еĴ޾ɽˮһʵͶһֱĻᣬҰҪȽ쵤ƳѺˮ·
Ͼ·ϵĻûʱȥǰƺøһЩ
˻Զ봫Ͳôæĸ·ˣҲԶһЩʱһ
Ұ˵һӣŵҲʮֵĸˡ
ҰǸڵʿȴѹԲӵദҲйٽҰļԤϣв˶õָ㣬ĸӵˡ
Ұͣһʱ䣬Ҳõָ㣬ǿŷҰԶдһӡ


201 ٴͻƣ
صŵĸ֮ۡУܻ˶Ҫ뷽ҰúøмһȴҰƴǵˡ
ҰûڸۡʹŻСŴǶ
ҰŶһ·ͣھԼǧλòͣѰ˸ɽ˽ȥ
ڣСһ߾裬ҰɽбĿ
ڸոѪӥĶսУѾڵıԵҪиĻδɢȥ˼Ļ¾ͿһͻƵھ磡
ϴͻƵĶͲСҰɲҾͻƣһ̫󣬾ǳǿߣԺӿɾͲƽˡ
ϥɽ֮УҰ˼ǵ徻˽뵽һϲޱľ֮У·Ƭںһ
ҰоԼڹ࣬ܵĹ֮ŨĻһͷͿڹ֮нˣһĵĶνĵӦ֡
֪˶ãҰǴɽͷʼ˱仯һŨĹ֮Ŵ˴ӿûʲôΪͨ˶ԸӦó
Ȼ۳һϵĲȼ棬תۼͽƬջΪ˻𺣣죬˲ϢͽƬס
Լ䣬ԲǶеһɺƴڻۣΧεʦǶһĻ¶˿˿𾪵ɫʵĵͺ󣡡
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ĺ֮һ޴Ļɫ׺Ļ˻𺣣һһɰȻӭ˷Ұڵɽͷ
һ棬Ұɽͷͳ׵ıһƬ棬СһڵһʱͶԶԶģֻŻɫ׵ǵɫӰ˴˼üŪۡ
һ·˵ļ䣬˶쳤˲ңĵطʱ˶Ȼľ٣
һ̣вɵöЩ㷣λǰڶɽ٣
˳ǵĿȥԶϵ޾ȻղǵǵĽ׸ɢ˺ضڵƲ㣬Ʋ˸ɫ׹⡣
¡£ҰڵƬ򶼱׵ƲֹƴΧȫڵأɪɪܵ˿־塣
ʱƲ㽥ɢȥҰȻڷ֮ϣȻδɢȥ׵΢΢ưŸ߿գһȵݶ
ڣ
ҰȭͷʹָĹ֮ӿӵǿˣͶ֮䶼˾޴
Ұûͣ˻δԼ֮ǰʹСһһɫӰʧߡ
˵ϢȻֻǸԶȻûп巽ҰݣȴĸӦ˷ҰϢ˶˳
һֱΪĳǿڶɽ٣û뵽ȴǸ
ʹ٣ǳɳȻһ콾ʵŷҰʧķ
ô£⼸Ѿ˺üǿ߶ɽˣѵ˵һʢҪ𣿡˰Բ²⡣
еĽеļʣе𾪣ϧ˿õҰĿ޾ԡ
ھ뷽ҰͻƵص㲻ԶһߴɽϣмӰһǸʮİ¹ӣֳֽ˿ȣӢ
ڰ¹ӵĺ󷽣վ󺺣Ϣ쳣ǿȴ䵱űڵݡ
Ա߻վһа꣬ǱҰһٵѪӥ
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¹΢΢̣ĵСӵĶԹлƹһҳȥɣ
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ѪӥߵߣԶˮⲻ˽ʣ콾Żһ࣬ҿɵȲôãлƹʲôʱôˣ
лƹڳƬ̣ͷЦðɣҶ軹ЩȤȲŶ֣׼ʱ֣ȫ׼ĺã
һһЦӰģС
ҰɹͻƵڣһƵģͳ⣬ȻȺٴν뵽С
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ҰأڸۡʣǶӭ
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Ѿȥ𣿡Ұ΢΢
ܻȴŵ˶ŷҰܻǲĵֵܣ˼Ҿ֪ɣʱͻƵڣ⻹⣿Ҳô˵İɣ
ǣֻʱ䣬ûб˼ҰЦӣ˼ЦЦ
Զ봫ʹڣҰʱҲִڸ·ʱס׼ǻ쵤


202 쵤
һ֮УҰɫƽվϽͭ¯ǰ˫գ쵤ĵԼԺйһ飬ˢһ˫ۡ
˫ֽ¯·ͨڴ˸ųɫ⻪ĻϽͭ¯УϽͭ¯Ѹ棬˿˿Ĺ֮
ȵ¯е¶ҰһӴľüĵͨӿϽͭ¯ڵȫڡ
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ҰһһöɫľӨУָᵯöϽͭ¯С
ӿϣ˲佫öڣǰδеңΧöɫ
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ѷڣöϵı濪ʼָѣѷԽԽ࣬ջһճ˻ҽϽͭ¯УһŻɵĽ״Ͻͭ¯С
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ѪմȾǿѪҺǧ֮γɵʯƻ쵤һֱرĲϡ
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װ˷һöҰ¶һ˿Цҡҡͷ
ƷҩȶƷҩҪĶడ
Լľ쳣ľӴ󣬾ڻ쵤ÿһϸڶյ쳣ҪɹƳƷҩȻһɵ顣
ϾƷҩڻҪӵľ΢ÿһֲҪĻԶȶƷҩҪӵĶࡣ
ҪƳƷҩҪϵĻ۾С
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ʱһһĹȥҰĴ󲿷ʱ䶼ԼķУϵĳƻ쵤
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ϵʧܣ
ϵڻѪɹٸɹ¶ȹߣΪҽʧܣ

߰󣬷ҰлɵϵƲƲ죬ֻʣһöˣҲʣ޼ʧܣɾҪȥɹˡ
ЩУҰϵʧܣʧܣʧܣ϶˷ˣѹô˶ԳΪʦֱǮ
Ұɵ뵽˼еķţڶƷʦʮ꣬ԼҩʧξͽƷҩ˳кܴ󲿷ֶ뱲ӵ顣
ҰеԼľȻкܴĲ첢δƣϥڷУԵԼ״̬
ȵڶڷҰϵʱ򣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣһΣϽͭ¯ǰ
һĵϢҰڽ״̬۷״̬˫嫺û˿Ĳ
Ұ쵤Ƶÿһϸڶӳĵף
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Ұž޲óһöϵֶ뵽Ͻͭ¯֮Уӿϣҵ˻öɫ档
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Ұᳵ·һѪڻпٵһλƺɫҺ壬һԡ
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ڷҰ£תٶԽԽ죬۳һϿӿݵĵ
ҩγ֣Ұ˫ĶϽͭ¯Уޱӿ뵽Ͻͭ¯֮Уܿ¯ڵΡ
ڷҰĿ£Ͻͭ¯е¶ԽԽߣתٶҲԽԽ죬ڸº͸֮£ԽԽ⻬ɱĵҩ
꣡
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Ұ˫һ𣬾¯¯ǿö쵤ವһ´¯г
ҰһӨȻĻ쵤ȻУɢ˿˿Ƶдۡϵ
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⣬ǸǵĻվܻ˾վںȫȻ̤ķҰ𾪡


203 
ҰĿӺɨźۼüͷ˲ǵĻô
ƺǿ˷ҰɻܻǰЦŽ͵ֵܣλǺϴҲһˡ뺫ڸۡСۣȻ͸ӦƷҩɵʱĲȴǴӷֵܷдѵֵܻһʦ𣿡
ƲǳԼҰɫ΢һЩҲרҵʦֻżˡ
ܻ˵һǺƻҲӹһĨɫҰԣҲ൱ڼӳˡ
Ұʹﵽڵľ磬սԲһǸƷʦ½֮УҲǰé콾
½ȱľţսʿʦ֮١
ܻ˲ɵðңҿڴ˻رҫ۵ʱ˽ʶˣԺ˵ĳɾͽᳬǰùϵԺķչҲԹĺô
أ֨֨
һһâգСһһҵſڷҰļϣĥŷҰա
Ұ¶һ˿΢ЦСһƤˣҰʱɲߣȥȥˣ֮Ǽ档
ϴǵҩƳˣڷҰļϣɵһûµӡ
ƾ˻Ľ˿һۣһõĵλӦþǷҰӰɣʲô֪ûʱ䣬һˣ
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204 ѡ
ſٶˣٿһȻлƹڣ˵ɫ쳣ѿ
ܻɫ粻֪лƹڵǸл֮ӣһ
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205 Ҵս
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һʦһµӰѸĳǵʸ
Źһ̤ڴƵģȻʦǰųҫ۵Ľ⣬ȭ˹ȥ
䣡
һĺۡûζ£ɽʥԳȳӣѷӡ
Ǹʦǿڰգ޴˵ĸԶ˫Ŀ𾪵ŻɽʥԳĿȵľʥԳɽսͷʥԳѪУ
ʦǿҲЩʶȻϳ似ɽʥԳһĹս
սЩ쳣ǿӵеĹսǿޱȣʥ似ΨпѪе޲ſѧᣬԼʥ似Ҫ
ֻǣĹսΨͬſԷӳǿ㱻õˣҲֻܷӳ
ǶսҲмȤഴʥ似Ǹսģ
ӵսʦӵĻȣǻսҲ϶һĨء
ڸղŵĶԾУչʾ˿ʦǿߣģڿռ䷨÷档
ǣղ̤似ȴֲⷽȱݣսԲҲȥ
屾ͱҪǿĶ࣬ɽʥԳˣ־ͨɽʥԳĹսʦҪ»飬Ҳһʱ̿ġ
ڻʦֵʱһʦҲˣгһ̷Ľɫǹֽǵлƹڵļʸҷ˳ȥ
˳֮ͣ£ܻٶȥ
ʸСοһԲǿʦڵҲֹ
ͷ֮ǰȽܻɧ߽
˻δܻǰͼǰкӰһһСĺèǰèΧķϵ˸źȻཻĲɫ⻪Ǹеľ飬нʦڡ
ĹϣСҲ˿һ˵ʧȥڵķҲģˣҲԶһԱġ
СڵĹѸ񱩣µӰ񱩵ĹǸʦҲԳƣС޷ܻǡ
ʱܻĵڶֵˣȻֱָлƹڡ
ƥ֮ŭѪ岽
ܻױŭˣȻѾжԣ˵ǸĶӣӣҲҪɱһ
Сͽ˵״̬ӵǿʣµĴŵҲˣеĽսеԶɧţеסѪӥеɱлƹڡ
ŵ˶ǳɱǿޣ˴֮쳣ĬԶ˽սܻлƹһȼһʱ֮䷴лƹڶЩǱ
Сڵս˵Ԥ֮⣬ǶЩϤĴˣҲû뵽ǿԸʦս£ȫĴеĹӵ
Сһסʦлƹں˾ҪӦʣµˣ쳣ļѡ
˵лƹڶ˻ھʹɥҲ޷Դŵ̫˺ս˽֡
ÿһʤܶϵ˵ȫƴɱ˿и
ŵȰлƹڶˣʦҲֻаһ;ʦһסκһСޣǴŵ˶һСһҲӱ׽õˡ
Ұ֪ȥ֮󣬴ܲᷢ˲ҵĴսźһһΰĸۡǰ


206 
һ޴ݳ޵ĸۡһʣǰߴʯʨأĸ󺺿أÿ˵϶ɢǿ
ҰŨü΢˸󺺾Ȼڵǿߣʱȴǿŵģǵʵ˸ʶ
ϣλǣſǰλͬʱźƹɻŸںķҰ
ƵЦλˣλʦ
ڶ໤϶¶һĨȻɫȵ巽Ұ֮ǵϸǳ˾档
ǳڳ⿴أҲƻƷƷʦֻҲ̫ˣ
ʸŸүˣ͵ĶҪƷʦѵʮ߰꣬ȻƷʦɣ
λԵȣȥ֪ܼͨңһλԽڶʧڸ֮ۡС
ڶ໤ĿŷҰг˹Źֵĸоôʦǲôá
ûãһʿӴӳ˳Ǹ͸ʿ档
Ұ΢΢£ʿȻûпͷųԼΪǷҰȻԸо̺ӴܣȻȺϴѹС
ҲǸʦĸ֣Ҿָոսʦˣֻɲݣ
ƹ΢Ц½ܼұ
˵ǵĻԼǰλܼҵĿ£½ڵһλ֣ز¶ԼҲûаտʤˡ
½ܼҰǸȥſػźƵͷЦΪүİɣ˵Ǹʦλ𣿡
˵ţ½ܼתͷҰҰ֮Ҳ΢ɼӹһĨʧȻҰԷҰûʲôġ
£ҰҰЦͷ
½ܼ¶룬üͷ΢壬µ˾ȣֻǣүĲ֢Щ⣬ðһ䣬µǼƷʦ
Ұƽĵǰ¸ոƳƷҩ
Ұ˻ǰ˸ŻĴȫ¶һĨ𾪣Ȼ֮ǰҲЩ²⣬Ұ׿ڳϣȻе쳣Ĳ˼顣
Ǹ½ܼҵļʶԶǿö࣬Ҳ΢ɼĲ£ȻڷҰͳΪƷʦҲеЩȡ
½ܼ΢΢£¶һ˿ΪѵɫλСֵܣոƳƷҩֻǿǸƷʦүѾ̫ڣԡ
ʲô½ܼҲû˵ֻǷҰͺƶе˼
ҰǵҾڱصãĻӦÿʦԼصط֢ҩҩʱȼߵͲû̫Ĺϵүûôȷ޷κүһҿԾүߣǿɾ;үһ˿ϣˡ
Ұʲô׳ĵҩôͨϵıɲ٣½Ĳ֢мְյġ
½ܼҾȵ˷ҰһۣܷҰܲκүĲ֢ٷҰʱģ˸ǿ
У½ܼҲƺ÷ҰпܻүĲ֢ЩаԲ²⣬ȷǷĪĸĴ˲ɣ
ȻǾȥүɣϣκүĲɣһ磬½ܼ̾ϢһȳŸۡ˽ȥ
ЩĿ˿Ұ֪ǰλ½ܼҵ˵Ȼô˿ı⣬ⷽҰһװ
㺫ǵĻڳУҲҷŷҰǸ½ܼҵĺ棬Ÿۡȥ
Ұû߳ǼСֹš
ôʹﵽƷʦľ磬˵ʻ治һĸߣ
ߣʸΣƷʦ뵽Ȼûҽκү缲һ϶߸ģ
ҩֶүӹǶһ첻һˣ޷ٲүˣЩΪǵʦʹõķԣǵϴǼһﾹȻԶûүҲ̫ˣô˸ôˣ
˺пĳĺᣬΪʲôصطǧٰүڸ

֪⻹⣬⼸֮Ľ̸Ȼ󣬵Ҳ÷Ұг˱ġ
⼸ʦѾ಻ʤȴһ˿ε½Ĳ֢Щʦô
½ܼתͷߵķҰ¶һĨǸЦݣЩ½үţǶʦЩƫǵȼ̫ߵʦϣӱȥ
Ұ֪ԼʦƷйǣЦҿɲһʶһκ½ЩȻͻġ
ŷҰһ˫صĻ½ܼҲҡҡͷ˵ʵڵģȻҰ˵ĺڷҰûʲôġ
΢΢˵ͷЦŽΧ˵Ҳǣ˵ǡþӵκ½ү鵤ء
ҰЦϵȷвٺöǧҩһܲƵģҲǸһˡ
ǣǸļֵ˵ҾļֵҰҲɵġ
Ұ½ܼĿɨݳ޸ۡеһЩ䣬аԵͷ
һ·ϣѾܵ˲ʮ޵Ŀ;϶֮ܽС
˵ЩϢޣȴһֺǿѹȸУÿһϢһλǿߣҲԲǿߣмϢ˼пʦĸ֣
ǳȻɭϣҰаԸп
Բǿߣ½ϾһˣȴǿһԺģ
½ˮúܰвпܻ½ϣ
߹հ֮ǲ˳һûʵĴǰ͸ڵĴţԼɼһòϵ󷽷ܱʼ顣
½ܼſվţƻʦˡ
ɡﴫһϵֻȴһ˿ƣ룬½⣬λҲġ
õĴԶҰͺ½ܼҽ뵽֮УҰĿȫǸסˣ·綼ʧֻʣһӡ
Ǹߴ͵ΰӣվһɽƵġ
ҰڵƵӡԶУҰһڴ״̬˳
ûǸã˻ЩˣոշһжƵġ
Ұг˺Ȼɫ
ǿߣ
ǸǿߣȻϵĲȫڵǹѹȴֱ͸ģԼȵǸնɽٵĺīҪǿ
ҰôͷӦ˹½Ҳһ˿⣬ûȥ
ҰôʦĲ˵̫࣬ҲԲ٣е̫ȡ


207 Ԫδй
½ëʣźƵ˵ͷЦȮӵ飬úˡ
ҰһͷǼīδɵĴ֣ã
ĸ֣ȴ½޾ϣҲ̺޾Ρ
½½Ķӣֻ˾֢֮½һñ죬ȴȫ֮ء
½籾ҲСˣָԼŮȫϣ½ϣֻϣ½Իָ
½ԣ΢΢ǷǷЦҲⶼӦġ
Ȼ󣬺ֽܵλǷҰһλƷʦϣԶүĲ֢
½ĿתƵҰϣ·ܹ͸ƵģĵͳΪƷʦȷֻ֮ȮӵĲԽԽأмְտκã
Ұüͷ΢壬΢΢ĵ½үҶû½ѯмְգδ̫˰ɣ
½΢΢һ㶣Щɨ˷Ұһۣðɣ³çˡȮӵĲӦҲһЩôģ
ҰɨһۣĵۼΪʵΪ飬ģǱ˵ϣҿɲҺҷֻۿҲʵ
½ܼҺͺƵͬʱӹһĨ㵵ɫô˵ˣǿǴδ
½΢΢üͷһ˵ϣ˿ҪҪӦСȻۿȮӵĲ飬ǾɣϣЩ汾¡
½統ȳúȥ½ܼҺͺƽϣһŷҰʹɫ÷Ұ½㡣
Ұͼװûĸ
ո½ЩǶΣһ˿ʵ÷Ұǲϲ
½ǸǿߣҰҲɫ
Ұ½ú󷽵һӵԺǰ洫һʮĺ֮
½ƿ˷ţһŨҩԺڵһгڷҰǰ
һܴԺ䣬ɽдУͤȪˮһƬҡԺֲһЩҩɢƢ㣬ȻһƬСҩ
ҩԱߴżéݣȻϢ
ҰİԵͷ½ֵطҲȷŲСĺô½絹Ҳûٷġ
˽ɽתһʮĻ꣬ͷ˸žӨĺΣȻղ
ӡ̵ľǴ˵˫ۣһֽĻҰ֮ɫûκεĹ󣬷·ûʲô˫۾˿Ȥ
ѰĲ԰ףƺûκѪɫǸʮ꣬˵ĸоȴǿҪ̤ײϼһƵġ
½
ڼ˵һ˲䣬ҰѾԿ϶ݣ½
½ĿӷҰɨ½ϣͳĵִʦˣ
½¶һĨɸֵĵСŮɫͿӣͷ˶֪ĳ£⵱ҲŶ档ЩҲ˵Ժȥڣ
½ĮȻư촽ĵЩӹҽ
½粪Ȼŭ뷢޷裬һɰƱ˳ŭС㻹Ҷ죿Լȣô䵽˵ز
½һٶ죬ϵıȴϡ
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ҰĬƵӡ۾һ½ִ½ϡ
ҰǱĲ̽½ڵľУԺиֳص˿ߡ
Ұ΢İÿȫĵͶ뵽ĳֹ似еʱͻῴһĻ
ҰҲû뵽﷢ص״̬˳
Ұæ񣬽ľȫ״̬֮С
Ժеɫ˿߽ʼ·ŴĹ켣УԽԽܼ˴˽֯ľƵġ
Լ䣬·һֻӡɫ˿߽֯ĵﲿλ
Ȼɫ˿߽֯ȫʼð˿˿ɫĻ⣬ԽԽʢ徭ΪҽƵģҲԽԽ˥
һɫ˿߽ʧȥһжһξƵģҰˢһյ˫ۣһĨ⣬վһԣ
ӣкη֣½üѯʣҰı飬ǷʲôƵģλҲɵѯʳ
Ұüͷ΢壬ɫ԰ףʢ˥ݽߣѹ˻˵½үȡ
½｣üһߵߣһӹҽ
ҰɨһۣĵپȥĻٲ٣Ҳʣ°ټϻҿɲźˣ
½硢½ԼǸ½ܼȫ½ݺݵĵһ½ŭ죡
½죬㬵ı͡
Ҳ¶һĨ֮ɫҰҲֻǱһԵ̬ȣû뵽Ұ濴ʲô
½תͷ˫ĿŷҰӣרƷʦǰλʦҲ˵ƵĻȴΡκȮӣ½ĳл
Ұ΢΢£洫ԣ½뵽Ʒʦ½Ĳ֢û뵽Ʒʦ뵽
ʦĵȽףҰĺܣԽԽѣҪѵöࡣ
뵽Ʒʦ½ǿߣҲ˲ٹ
Ұɨ½һۣĿ½ϣë˰ɣ
½̾Ϣǰ֮ŷĲʷҲжá̫Ůɫˣ
½һҪ˵Щʲô½ݺݵĵһۣû˵ڡ
ҰҡҡͷȻûпĻ֮ͯûƣԪδйǳŮɫҲûйһأĲ޹ء
ʲô½硢½ܼҺͺȫ
½ˮӶȻŷҰĻ
⼸꣬ûٱ½һЩҲһֺܹĿ⿴ԼҽʦΪȡ
ֻԼǻ£Ҳ˼ΣȴӴĸˡ
Բٱ⣬󲿷ʱ䶼ϣŶʮ;ѾԲǿߣЩνҽʦǳ˵⡣
죬˵ԼԩӿֳһЩϣ
ҰĿΧɨ½ëǣ١
½һִһռģתͷҰͳĵӣ½ܼҺͺԼˣл˵޷
½ܼҺͺҲĶŷҰ뿴Ұ׻˵ʲôʯ쾪Ļ


208 
Ұ½ĹƫĹɣ
½صĵͷǵģ׸߼
½˷ҰĻ֮׷ʵ⹦ʲô𣿡
Ұ¶һĨЦߵûʲôԣǸ½Ĳԣ
˻⣿½¶һ˿ɻ
Ұ½ֹ֮ӦûἫǿڣȻӣֻȴԶԶϲĵĶࡣ
½ɻĵҲĸоⶼë飬ʲôϵ
Ұ𣬷ʵڸܹˣӦǰķѺܴΪˣǲǣ
½ɫһͷǵġ
½Ǹ½ܼһۣԼ³ʲô
Ұ½̾Ϣû´ĻĹ뵱Ϊ˹ϵ쳣ܣˣ
½ȫɱڣͬһˣ⼸һֱܸмѵڵëȴְϣֿ˵ף
Ұ֮ڲ»ӣʱӾͿʼѿĳȡ޷ף㲻֪֪˻ỳɵϡ
üԵĹ˵½үģ˵ȥɣ
ҰߵûʲôԣµȴǼ֮еһڳȡ½ڵ׳һֻǳڵ֢״úڣɵľȵˣҲ޲ߣ
½˫ȭգҧгݵĵл£
Ǵһʱ䣬ҰǵҲ˽һЩȻĵ
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½ܼҵͷлĻָʹѹǶҥ˳ɻүףҲֻܱȵĶˣЩǿүˡ
½һ˸ΣյĹɭĵл£ԭҪ½ҶӾﰡߣ֣ȻλãҲŹģ
ôһֱ½ûٴʱеǳֲ˼ԼϴǻĲȫתΪŭìͷֱָл¡
Ƶ˸һĨ𾪵ɫҰǰԵģû뵽ȴ顣
Ƕ˰
Ҳڰңô˵ⷽҰҲԼģûйҲпͣҪл£Ǹ֮λԼˣ
ƵС̴Ķ죬½ܼ°ϵĶ룬ѵڵĵ֮ǰүĲ֢κá
½ǿѹڵŭתͷŷҰֵӼȻܲ򣬱Ȼо֮ϣܰ½ұضд£
Ұ˼½ڣֻǱĸڵĴ֮𣬾۷硣
ڷҰϵıУҺȪ׽𻯾ֻҺʣΣҰɲ½ϡ
ȥҲֻȪʡ
ȪĵطֻҪû͸Ȫ֮󣬺ܿܳ׻ָ
½ڵһھ㹻ˣٺʲ
һ½۷磬Ҳܸ٣ҩ׻ָҲ̫ѵ顣
ǣȪ̫󣬾Ǿĸ֣һӶһܼһΣڴ˵е
һ½˳ѱǲĻҪİ취С
ң½½Ψһãҽ˼궼û˿Чô˵ҲǳѪҰѾʼôˡ
Ұü˼˻Ϊ˼֮ҳ˫۾ȫһգգ
֮󣬷ҰŻĿڵΣΣ
Σ½縸ȫ˫ĿŹŷҰ촽ʼ
ôˣ⻹ǵһ˵Σ
ҰһǵĶᵽɤ۶
Դ½Ϊ֮󣬻ĺ˶ݵʱ򣬽ȴǸʲôΪûеķһ㣬Ķͷ϶ð˺Ρ
Ұ̬̾Ϣһ½үëʱ̫ˣľǧҩҪκãѶȣ
½粻˼ĵκҪֻҪ½һ쵽
½Ŀ½磬΢΢ţȴʲôû˵
ôˣ½Ǵڣ½ᵽ׶ԼĹذ
Ұ½үĲѾγ󼲣ҪҪʮöҩҩ̺ĲڵؼĻԼƵĶҺЩһ¯һ֮࣬½ү۷磡Ҫ뽫׻ָҪԺˡ
½¶һĨȻסĵͷҩӣţ̲صʢģʲҪʮöҩӣȻЩ鷳һᾡ켯ģˣǷҪָһҩӣ
ҰĵҪĽڵǵֻҪҩӣԣ
½˿ҰҪ½үڵ缲ҵǻиҪϣ½أҲ졣
ӵ˵޷ֻҪܽĲκã½һأ½֣صĳŵ
Ұ˵㶫֮һԼס½үĵҩƵЩҺޣκδпܻṦܴɡʧܣɾҲƳֶҺˣҪ֤ڼ˻ҡ
Щҩ׼ֲھɫеģ̣Ҳ˿
½ݵҲΪģⶼӦģڼ䣬һסػκ˴㣡
Ұ¶һ˿ЦݣЩΪѵĵոʱ򣬲Сİ¯ըˣԡ
¯𣿺Ǻǣһֱ׼ء½絭һЦ

һƵ촫һƽɫĵǰͨɻƽͶɣӡһģӰɢӨӨı⣬һֹ⻪ء
мҰһϳ¯Ʒס
һ¯Ǹڳ֮λϴôã½Ҳȷǲƴ֡
½Ц¯Ϊƽ¯һмӲĲƽ¯͸ˣ


209 Ұ֮ŭ
Ұһ¯ɲֵȹ׸߼ͣ½绹湻󷽵ġ
Ҿȴ֮ˡҰ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ľƽ¯յԼĴָ֮С
ԼϽͭ¯Ѿ˸ոյ֮УֺöҰɲƴǡ
½ʵֺʱ԰
ҰˬĵֻҪ룬Ͼܿ¯
½ȫɫϲ½統ϵĵȥѰЩҩӣ
½ܼҵѯʵлô죿
½â˸һһٵĵQ˶ˣ
ҰаԸп½л»ͬţȴ˼ң֮еʤ̭绹ӵң治֪콾֮󣬵׻Ὰʲôӡ
ʱʱ;סڳаɣܱ֤ӵȫҲ÷Ӹȵ½ֿ롣
Ұ˵ЩʲôȻҵҡ£ϵĵȻ˲䱻ȡ˫ŭѪɫâһӾ˳飡
뷽ҰĹϵ쳣⣬ҰŷҰĽ׶ףνͬϵ˴֮һֱĳصĸӦ
ڸոգҰȻоϢڿٵ˥Ұ˲׻Σա
Ұһֱѻ鵱ֵܿգҰ׵ļˣ
˲ñ¶ƣҰһʱͽϵħڣɫ⻪һûеĴ󶼶û˿Ӱ졣
½ȻĿУҰ˲䱬ʦǿѹܵĿռ䲨쳣ңطڰµӰ˲ʧڸۡ⡣
ңңһ仰ֵΣգκ鶼̸
½֪ʲô飬õõȻķҰӡ
Ƭ̣½ȷӦ˹˿ҺЩŵĵҰղŵϢʦϢ
½ܼһ˫г𾪣૵ĵˣǵϹŴ󻹴ڿ״̬ǿߣҪҲҪֿɽѹҰոȴǷųȥġ
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½ɫһȻеĵǺΨһϣո˵ֵΣգһȥҲΣգǧҪ֤İȫ
½ʱҲӦ˹ɫ΢䣬ѸٷԸ½ܼң淽ǰȥҪ֤ӵİȫ
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СڶԾʦǿ羳սһʱ󣬾ͽ·硣
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һĻҰʱŭգ룬Ϊӿ˻һ̤ۡ״Ŀռ䲨µӰ
䣡
һ޴촫ҰһȭſƬεķϣӿ׺Ľǵָһȭ򴩡

һ촫ƬնѵĲƵ˿
ʦַգˣ
䣡䣡䡭
ۡϿ˲һɫϼ⣬һطɫϼ۳һ޴Ĳɫ·صĺȥ
ǸոͻƵʦڵȥĽȻڵҲ׵УһĲϼպ䵽˵棬ſѪɫ԰ס
˴֮⣬һʦСڶ˽͵棬ȫУֻȴԶԶϲǸʦڵܵء
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˫ĿȻҰߣʱ¶һ˿ĵı飬ĿЦԲۣϴڸϻˣ⼸Ҫ׽ҺСڣŵֵڰæסӣȥˣһҪ⼸ӣ
ڷҰȻĿУٴλΪߴޱȵɽʥԳеĳǸܴʦڵļһ
óȫʵ⻹ǷҰһμ黯ɽʥԳģЩȡ
ûʲôˣҰ΢ձСߣȪҪǮƵĹൽССҲָ˸ࡣ
ջԣŵΪ˻Сڶս÷ҰһνҲֵܣһ˹һȪǵҲڿٵĻָš
ӡˣɱǣСȥлƹȻ
ҰĿˢһתлƹϣִѪӥʣʦɨɱɭȻĵ죬һ߲


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ס֣һŭıڸۡոմѾ˷Ұһ˫ص̺صӡҰ󱳡


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ҰֵĽֵϻУǰǳǵĴսƺûид̫ĳһ֡
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ҰôʲôҰտʼ׳˶󺺲ıԹ˰䣬ַӦ˹˫۵ɵøͭƵģŵŷҰ
ǷҰһҲѯʣĿȴתҰϵСһѾ߰˳ɡ
ҰϹŵЦݣֲٰʲôˣ˴ŵǼֵܣû˻ʶңõð䲻ɣ
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ҰֻǴڣһС磬ȴӷҰϸܵ˼ѹȷҰߺžú࣬ϻһ˿δɢȥľ֮ɫ
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217 ּ
ո̤븮֮ۡУҰ͸оƸۡĲͬۡۡռ˺üžһޱȵ䳡нﶼƻֺ꣬϶ׯࡣ
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񰡣ԲļһﰤһҲóԲ˶ߣ
ӨҲͻˣԺǴŵҲùĶ࣡
治֪Ƕʲô裬ʱ䶼ͻƣܴ磬ʦıԵĽ

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Өڰת˸һֻĺ裬¶һ˿΢Ц̧ͷĿԽ䳡ϵˣԶϡ
׼ȷ˵˺Ǹϡ
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֪˷Ұ֮վڷҰ߶еɽѹӨҪ֣֮á
ĽĿУҰӨ䳡棬תһΡĵǰܻڵҾڴ󷽡
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ҰĶͷϲ˺ߣɫԽԽڣаѣܻԽԽˣ
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ҰЦϸ磬˼һǻڵ°ɣСոռôȥ
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ܹͻƵҲ֮С
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Ұһжɫϸ統ԥϾǳˣҴۻôĲң˽ˡ꣬ĳģ
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Ұ뵽˸ոЩµĳԱ΢ѵҷЩ˵Ӷ̫ˣԺʲô鷳ϸ绹עá
ܻΪȻĵ˵ͷҲ⣬ǹҲ½ǴŵĹղŸţ޵ʱһϺݽɫпܻšֻ󲿷ʱ䶼ڱչأʱûʱЩԼȻᴦ
Ұδԣŵ飬ֻܵ㵽ΪֹҲԸ̫ܵࡣ
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ʮŵҩʮ׾
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ָ˻ỰҰлܻ룬Ѱ˸ʹõңһͷ˽ȥ
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ңҪΪ½ˣҲҪϤǻƽ¯˷˼ֵ߰Ȫ


218 
һ֮УҰУɫĻ˸һĹ˫ֿٵĽһӵӡ˴˽֯ƣջΪһĹ⻪ӡ͸һĻѹ
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219 Ҿ
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СӣôȻϱˣ½糩ĹЦ·ҪЩĳ඼Цݹʮꡣ
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ⶼǷӵĹͣǵҾ㽻ˣ½Ц棬һһȭͷСĻɫʯУӡһ棬͸ˡ
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ֻǷҰѾ˻ϵ컯֮еȸĻκ֮ͬҾҲûκЧ罫֮ھϵħϡ
ŵҾ⣬Ұвɵð࣬ҪĵҾϵħУԶԶ
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нĳɾͣҲǰݷҰͣϯ䲻ϵŷҰƵƵƣҰ֤һչ˺ôŵġ
ʵ˵ͷﶼ˵˵һսϸ֪ҰʹŵĹϵҰΪ½ĹҲǴš
ϯ䣬½ݹ˶Ǳ࣬صĺþƶ˳סȰƣҲϵĹϲȫ¸߰
ڴʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼ˷ҰϣڷҰֶΣҲһЩ
Ʒʦ޲ߵĲ֢ȴҰκˣлҵǶͲ궼˾η
в˶ȶɵڴԶȵСһҲ˵Сһչ龰֪˻һͷСʥޣСҲŲʥ޵սǶĶ
뵽лҵ³Ҳֻô˶ԷҰֵͷ
ôǿƵлҶˣҪСʥ޵ע⣬ǻԼԼĽ
ӣ֮ǳõĴȥȻΪеһҴǻӭ㣡½ȵ˸߲ңŷҰ֦
Ұٱʾ£ЦʱûŵĴ㣬˵콾вһͿʼյˣȥ
½üëһЦ񷽹˲ţ콾ȷѡ콾ļӪܹõĳ۷壡ȻҪ콾ѶȲСҸŷӵ콾ضһϯ֮أ
½ܼҲЦȥ콾ûκ⣡ӵʵĿãôƷʦôƬ½֮УҲǰéﰡ
λˣҰЦŻӦ¡
½Գ˵Ҫ콾Уʱйأ
Ŷ˻Ұ콾־ڱصãκй콾飬ҪС
½ЦһҵҲûл콾Уֻ콾ÿһѡεӵķʽͬģҲǺ
ô˵Ұʱ콾ĿģʵһȺȴΪöˣǿɾˡ
½üûô˹ѹͷ֢ѽ⣬üһأΪҲȵˡ
һֱ½Ҳû˿в˵ﶼڰ࣬½Ҫѱôȫй
ЩﶼڰĥţⷽҰ½õĵǺ鵤ҩԼҲŪһԡ
֮󣬷ҰųԳ˵Сһȥٴλص˴ƸУ׼ȥˡ


220 Х
صƸУҰڴƸͣ˼죬һЩĲϡ
⼸У½ﻹרŰݷ˷Ұ˴ҩҰҲˡ
ʰһУҰл˴ź½ĻͣСһٴ̤;
Ŀ꣬ǶĻǣ
֪гԶĴʹ󣬷ҰҲŸ·ʱʱͣտһЩԣƽ¯ȣƿռдŵɫĳԵ˴롣
ɫϳѪ⾫ҰͻСڵΪҲڻȲš
ҰѾﵽڵ۷״ֻ̬ҪһͿˮɵĽ׵ڡ
ҰͻСڵΪ쳣ǿ󣬾ǲչʾǿ״̬Ҳ磬ӴϢΧЩҰҲѰ鷳
ǣ½ç֮޾һ·Ҳ˼ͷʦޣҰñΪս˼Ҳ֧źܳһʱ䲻ܡ
Ȼڲþϵħ£ҰҪɱʦĸҲǲʵġ
Ѫ֮нΪ˼£ҰҲû˿ɣȻڲĥԼΪսɣȴٳδͻƵڡ
һ·ϣǲͣԺȣǸڼĴս·ٶȲ죬һº󣬲߳·
һգҰһͷԲʨնɱ֮ռʨӱڵһŨɽȡ
쵤ƳˣҲʱöˮˣ
˵öȸľ飬źˮҰҲʶѡ˸ŨĵطΧû̫ǿĴ԰
ˮˮϵ컯еĴʵ趼Զѣ֮ǰҪȫ׼
˵Ұȸǵȸȴģְ̺ҵ־Ѿ顣
ˮ컯飬ͬڴЩؽȵȸӵң
ȻҰǿ࣬ˮʱҲ˿⣬״̬۷ֽ֮ƿռеȪǧҩԼƵһ飬Աʱ֮衣
ûСصԶҰһɴСʯϣóöƲӲӵĻ쵤
쵤汦ƣҩΧźȻ쵤ƣҩɢһƳ㡣
Ұŵҩµҩ֮󽫻ᷢȫһ飬ָᵯ쵤ڰлߣ뷽ҰС
ҩһڣͻһضº͵˳źһ·ڡ
һĵҩٵ뵽˷Ұ֫ٺ֮УΪڵÿһ缡һɫ֣涼ɵģԵ쳣ĺض
ϴȸľ飬Ұοɾͼ죬һڹתĺˮС
ˮֻȭͷСͨɢŹĺɫ󣬹ӡһصͼɫħƻһ㼤ţһֻ͸ŰԵѹغУӳ˿˿ˮϵɭǡ
ҰľԶǵȸʱɱȣŵȻܵǹɳǵĺ䣬кֱƵģǿҲһּľĸо
ѾֵزҲҪƴһΣ
Ұ˫üһˮУͷȥ
ˮˮϵԴ۶ɣƫ֣ոս뷽ҰĺͿٵĻΪɫı˪ٵڷҰӡ
ҰڵǱѩڰٵɢţһ˲Ĵֱɫ˪ǲɵ㣬ǹɱһеͷԻ˻
Ұɫ԰ףüëͷ϶һ˪촽÷ϣÿһëжɢŵתۼһ
ӣͬµһ޴ʯ涼һı㣬˸һɫٵ˷
Сèʱطһ͵͵ؽĿⲻʱشӷҰɨе֮ɫ
ڵбһôϣС죬ֻЦùϴҪʵ۷壬ԺĥѶأˮЩѣҪСڣҲȥˣ
СڽŽɵĿ˿飬ĵһϹתˣֻ̱ʯлЩǡ
ҰؽҧзҰ޵ʹУǿڵǹɱڵԪ糱ˮӿǹɱ߾ȫĶԿǹɱ
ʱķҰǽ˺֮Ƶģˮǵɫ˪оȻ̺һɰԵѹ־ϵĳŷҰı顣
ûãҰڵ϶˱飬϶ĳѺۡ
л쵤޾ĵֿҰͱֳǵı˱
Ѫ֮󣬷Ұ̥ǺѾǿһּɲĵزټֻ쵤Ļӣٵ޸Ųľ
Ұ־ᶨޱȣݺݵһҧųâһɲصĿֲ־ӿ˲佫ˮеǹ־ǿл
ʧȥ־ȸ࣬ҰǿڴľӴ־ǿƵڵǵ͸ȥ
쳣İԵҰ־ЩľңڷҰĿ£ǵпʼɢ˿˿ˮϵԴ֮žƹе·ڿٵתţͬɷҰԼΪ
˳ҰٶԽԽ죬ڵǵԽԽҰѵľڿٵ޸ţڵΪҲȲš
֪˶ãҰĵѾ˴룬ڵǵҲС˼£΢£ճ׵ʧ
ʱҰüĶȻһغͼͷ䰺׳Х쳹أɽлصþò
﷽Բڵ޾鶼һХȫɲķмͷΪǿ޶Хܺ棬µӰٳҰڵĵط
ʱķҰҲ˲絽ֳ˶󶯾ʶ֮г쳣ƴһĻ޴ɽغУϣ춳أ
һӰ㻯һεӡǣӡڷҰԺ
ӡ
Ȼںˮл̺һӡԽڵıϢ۳һ޴޾䣬
ӡĳ֣ҰڵıҲٵڵ֮У뷽Ұںһݷһֲֿ
ҰüͨеıҲ˾޴ı仯ɫֽ֮֯һɫɫĽһ𣬽еӵ貣ˮԵҲӦĳ
ӡֵʱ򣬷ҰеѾռ˵һ룬ԼͻƵڵף
ͻڵڵˣ


221 ׺
ҰԲκһͻƵĻᣬϵı鲻ϲھƹתһֿľ֮С
ܿ죬Ұϵÿһëж籡˿˿ƵĲɫ⻪һϼʽȫڣ̰ϼģһƬ
еˮŷҰڵɽӿԽԽƴӿȣҰûڡ
תƬɽȶгƬƬƣɫĻӰƮȻ£δ䵽ٴλΪɢС
ˢ
жȻһòԴ֦Ҷï֦Ҷ·Գ죡
޾ĻȼգӴõƬնʼŤΣ졣
֮ԣ·ɫħХˮϵˣϯ졣

Բǧ鶼ƴһĻΪǿ޶𾪵ֵĵط
󣬲콾ףҰ֣ʱǵò޳Ұڵķλ
ĻǿȥԻԵ콾ɽٵĻոնɽ콾Ҳ쳣Щ콾ϵѪ⣬˵ҲǴ󲹣ٴŷҰڵǴɽȸȥ
Ϊ˵ķҰ˴ѾĿĽ㣬Ķ뵽һµľ֮У·ƬضΪһ壬̵ĸؼĴ
ɽХеƣȻһԵѹһɽ¥ĸо
֪ʲôʱϿտʼһڵƲ㣬Լɫ׹Ʋ֣εƲйѹ䡣
ѹѹƲڱ˴գ׹Ӵĺƻ۳һصǦƣлתš
꣡
һɫĽ״Ʋӿˮ״ϸһצҰڵǴɽȡ
Ұˢһ˫ۣ˫ų貵âչĳһȭǵס
䣡
Ұȭͷųɫâһһ޵еİԵƣǵɫĽ׺ķϣ
׹Ľżɢĵ׹⽫·ɽŰһƬǽ壬ʯɣм衣
ɫ׹âŹصҰڣ˷ƵҰڣԵƻŷҰڵһ
Ұھƹתӿڵǵ׹ⶼǿɣͳ׻Ϊ˷ҰԼΪ
ӴĻڷҰֻ׵Ĵ£ҰÿһϸǿȶڴȵǿţøӵļͶǿ
䣡
ǵɫ׵δľһɫ£гȴһԵɱϵŷҰڵ
Ұ𷴻ڵ糤ӰתХڲϢǿƵÿһе
ţɫ׽һףȴ̺һֱ춳صĳǺ⣬޿ײ͸ҰڣԵ쳣졣
һһںɫĽһһǿʢԵջΪһƬ׵󣬽ҰûС
㷽Ұ񿰱Զޣô֮£ҲصĴݲţǲϵı飬ÿһ֮ǿȶԶǰһθӵǿ
ףȻǸڶɽ٣ţϴξͳ˸࣬ζǸ󲹣ҲȻһͷӴ޳⴦ɽȸһͷȫɫۼ׵ţƬ׹·ɭĹâѵĳ쳣вʱ˿˿Ѫɫâԡ
ţܵУصŵղƣ͸һɹǿƣһּصѹȸС
ǸʦţʦͿԿԵޣ϶ǻһ㶼͡
ɽȿغŷҰţĻʱŭĿӣŵĴȵţô˵㣿˭˭һأ
ţˢһŤͷ飬Ŀ¶´һ»飬˺ǵĽ˿ҲǸˣСӣţүɣ֤ưһ
СҲվڻԱߣֻţļʶȻϳλ޾èȻȻĽСڸ˹ȥ
һĵţһʦҲ׳ƳҲԼʲô
鱾ǽž͸ܵǿϢҲ˲ԶʱЦСţߣ¸ЦԺ͸ţˣոնðţ֣ţԸʱһҡź
СɻŻ飬ſУȴһסͣӲק
ţ˻һۣĵСӣʶʱΪܣСӵǺ۹Ⱑңгкȣɣ
и̣үţ⣬ɪȻѾģ
ǣţҶţľϽˮ಻Ŀɨܡ
ţ⼸˵Ļ̹ңָҰСӣǾ֮ӣ⣬Ǵ󲹰ϴҾʳһ࣬ǰ˺ǣˣһԣ
һ鴤ţһۣϴײĺܣʱ򻹲֪˭˭أ
ţòֺʱһͷһɫݳǰצϢǿĿȵ˱׺ûķҰһֳۣţХһ
ţոСܣȻҪСǰˣˣ磬ţһţĳͷݺȵȷֵģֵһ⣡ʶģ͸Ͻţү̸͸
ţĿȴţЩη壬͵Хһ£ɵһδȥ
ţ¶ɫҲָһȳһͷȴȶԷǿҲǿȥԷܱãѾеСǰˡ
ڴõʱͷڸϵˣһͷɫһͷɫ񱪸վԶչۿһͷɫһ࣬ŷҰͳеڶ
ոջǸܵ⼸ͷڵϢɲױ¶ԼĵƣһжҪȷҰɽϲз̵ĻᣬʱͶţ¡
ţ䣡ţţ粻ΪԲǧǿĴʱظţųޡ
һĿⲻԼͬͶţ
ţе̹ǼͷǳĿ⣬ȻδйɱǶԼʵҲ൱šһ˵ʱҲô¶ɲΪԼڲ
֮󣬷Ұ޾׺еĿȫԼڣһԽĳХϣѾ䵭Ʋɢ
Ұ֮УͿնУ͸һɹɿֲѹ
ڣ
ڽ׵ڣ
׽ٵǽΪȹ;ٴһ̨ףӿ·֮һ㣬ƾ졣
Ұɽϣûήңһǽһ㣬üλЩ⡣
ôҰҲֻǸڵļһλûţͷҲصѯʻ飺СӣʳǰĿ⣿
Ұɽϣ鳹ȥ˺֮ǣһ֣ſĴеţ⣡
ãţ⡭ʲôո˵ʲôţѿڴӦžͷӦ˹Ŀˢһ¶ڻϣûո˵ʲô
бţһۣݺݵһ˵ľͷţҳϴ޻ûأҿ󲹣Ȼ㣡СڣϣŪ
鲢δɽʥԳ壬̤ʥԳɽڽ¸֣˲ţǰһŽ߷˳ȥ
С͵Ȳˣ黰δ䣬ͻΪһɫţ۳ǧУ˷Ϯɱţ


222 ȫ
зһĻдĿɿڴǱΪţյСҫû뵽СܾȻԼˣֻСһŸ˸ͷǶЩת
ʥԳɽǿкպһֹսûлɽʥԳı壬Ҳ԰ѻδüţ߸ͷ
ããҾȳţ͵ϮӶˣŭһŰѹӭսСڡ
Ƕֵһ˲䣬ͷɫǺͷȫĳҰǾΪ˷ҰҪ츳ɵȻǵΪӵľ
ڷҰΪǶѾҰǸڵûнҰע˶ԷϣΨֶԷȵ֡
ͷɫͷڱѰһ˿ΣյϢǿѹ³ֵĳ嶯һԹۡ
ҰŻСɨһۣţս΢ռŵϷ磬ŷĮſٿޡ
Ͼ࣬ٶȱͷɫǿҪö࣬˫£ٵ£ӰĳڷҰǰ
֪ΪΣڿҰĮĿʱ򣬾Ȼĵðһֽ־
аɴСգÿһһһ㣬·ɭĹ
ͷվһ𣬷ҰԵޱȵСŴĸо쳣С࣬ȴôĵ׷һ־ĸо
û׽ڵķҰô˾壬ͼһĨɫȻͿһͷĴббĴӷҰɹʶ޾Ļ֮С
ҰǰԾصһΧǼͷδôģĵŷ˲ͱ˴ʶͷʦĸ˻Ȫظ
ʬյƿռ֮УҰѾһɫħħΧڵħԼͷʬ塢ʹͷɽǵȲΧħֲϢĻꡣ
ɫǱﻹЩûڣôõѪʳۿҪˣû뵽һͱ˸ɵˣɫųһ亹
˲дԣ콾ǿĳһЩ˽ܸǱЩϹŴҪǿ󣬾ǿ߶࣬࣬Ҳ׼ŭࡣ
ɫǰţҰոյһȫˡ
һڵ࣬Ȼһ͸ɵһͷڳڵĴòţ
࣬Ըˣ
ɫҲϣڰǿеתΣٳҰһ˹ȥ
ȻˣǾ°ɣҰһеħĲգ·ڿռ֮дƵģһĵӰħ˽ɫǵͷͷ£

ɫƴȫĶܣٶ˼£ն˺ѿѺۣȴȻǰԵħն°βͣʹĲҺ
ԷҰͬһƵģɫǶڷҰηﵽһּĵزɫѾû˿ս⣬ûӴܡ
䣡
ܹħɫΪԼӹһ٣δüһһӡصӡڽɫǵ䡣
϶ǴͬС죬ͭͷҲǷĵط
ҰħѸ۳ħӡһ¾ͽͷɫ̿գش
ҰһӴľһ糤Ӱϸ֣˲û뵽ɫǵ֮С
ɫǿжʱĲҽ˼֮ԽԽ΢ûϢ
ľѾҰȫɢˣѾҷֻʣһ߿տǡ
Ұֽɫǵʬ嶪뵽ƿռ֮Уתͷʣµͷţ
ţ޶սʱѾҰߵսȫ۵ףҲ˵·ӣϧȴͷС޲ţѲ
ţѣô⼸̥һھȻնͷڣСһҲѹԼѲⶼЩʲô鰡
ҰĿתƵԼϣţŵûɢƴűС˺ѳʮ˿ڣǿͷС޵ķĳԶ
ϴ󣬸ɵţ⣡ڱСС
ߣҰһռ˳ȥˢһ³ţǰ
࣬Ϊ޴۵ģţ̣ţŭһţ˲Ѫ죬ϸǵһۼ׶ȾһѪɫһսƵģײҰ
Ұܣų貵ɫâпٽӡһͷɫӰڷҰ֣ںɫħ̤У͸һɱǵİϢ
Ұ˫һǺɫХųţ嫵ѹţĵ׷һֿ־ĸо
ţнɴС϶ϵһСɽˣǸͷɫǻС׼ףӤվڴǰƵġ
ɽۻԵδײţϣǵϢѾʼϯء
Ѫɫţ˲һصĺɫ㣬ͬǹ񱩵һȫǿС
飡
ӴصײͷɫסţϣһƵ󣬽һ
ɴСţһѿ˲˳ǧ飬궼ޣĲˡ
һɽߴӰѸٱϡܿɢ֮С
ڵΪǿնɱʦǿߣһն˺üλõԶۿڱͶǰԼͷոĴȫĪ
ڱͶǰҲڰңҿոûгȥȻĻ³ҲԺòȥ
ҰĴӿ£ٲĺɫ趯һƬĮɱ֮ɫ·Ӿ֮ϽٵĿɱ
ҰڵϣĻͷһԶǼʦеĹâ쳣ֱֱĵס
һۣǿ˵ûʱкüͷھ㤵˱˼ҰĿж𾪡
˵ײУǰҪײаٱ
ϴҲ̫˰ɣõţⰡ滹̺ӴôܻˣĴУһۡ
ʦĴǱֵ߰Ұɱû鶼һۡ
Ұɱ¶һ˿Ц⣬·ؼһ˲ȫ۵ϣһ崺ĸоЦСԴûأͱͷţˡ
ҶˡСֹţСһΪȻĵͷ
ԶļͷȫȻ껹ɱ¸½Ǽ콾ҲԶˣ
ҰԶǼͷŻСڣŻǵķ˹ȥ


223 
ǣۻ׳ǽнɸߣǽ߲ʴĺۼ޳͸һɻƣ˭Ҳ֪ϵĳд˶ôԶ¡
վڻ⣬ҰҲǰϵľ޳𺳣ĸճѾܾ޴ˣǸǰ޳һȣҪԵμࡣ
ճǱģǳǽߴҪһֽʷ̵ĶǵʷԶԶǸճǿԱġ
֮ǰҰͶԻϸĴˡ
Թ½֮еһĹųǣδģ޶ңҲδܽųǴ½ĨһЩԶʱŴżֱڻڷž޴á
ǽڲ˸޶µķģǾ޾ǰĴһֱ졣
񣬻ҲȻַǷſڴ˽飬еΪǿ࣬еϢĴеĳȺӣеĶһˣÿ϶ٶΪ
ݴ½õϢڱУһ𼶵
½˵ҲһȻˣѾ˽꣬ޱߣڲǿƬӵоԵĻȨ
Ժлйػǵ⣬ҰͷС޽뵽˻С
⳵ˮڸ֣ĴʮɿֽﲻЩȨƵԦڴϱۣһĽʵĿ⡣
Ұǰӿ˵δǣÿеĲֶ࣬Զ봫ʹһ㶼ڳĵλá
ǸǧɴСĹ㳡˳ʯʯ϶֮Լ͸˿˿Ĺ㳡·һ޴󷨡
ǸԶĴʹ󣬾Ƭ㳡ġ
ʱĹ㳡ϣվȺǵȴŽʹȥࡣ
Щм䣬Ұ඼֣˶׵磬ԼŹת
Χĵϸ֮УҰҲ˲Ϣкܶ˹Ȼǳ콾ȥģ콾յӽʣ°ҵʱ䣬Ѿв콾콾·ˡ
磬Ҳʸ콾ż
ҰҲףЩνţֻѰЩǿľӢ϶ֱӶԼĴʹͣǲ¶ġ
ҰĮĿӹ㳡ϵɨЩȻһ˵ʸߣǸûһĶ֡
ʸΪĶֵˣ
콾
ҰĿƺԽգͶ֮콾ڵѪʼȼȵս⡣
콾ˣ
ҰлΧʱһŮס˷Ұؿڹı־ϹŵЦ⣬͵ĵλҪǰη
ҰЦҪ콾һС
ŮǳЦ콾ԽԽˣɣδ͵ķܹﵽľ콾Ƴǣǡûʣһλã뵽ұ߽ʯ
Ұĵ˵ͷҿﲢûмϵСһȻʣһλãе鷳
ҰԼ龧ݸԱߵһλűεߣܿͻȥʮ׾Ұ˸ƣŻС޴Ĵʹ˹ȥ
ʹ֮ѾվˣڷҰո̤ʹʱ򣬹㳡жȻһ֡
ո뷽Ұ龧ǸæӭȥΧһЩŮиðСǣ߶˷ܵǴ㳡ڴ
ԶԶģҰͼһڶĴӵ²˹ȻߵĲ죬ÿһ̤ŴĽǰУÿһ̤֮߳ԶسɴЧ
ýˣҰſ壬ǸӢ˵꣬üĿͦ΢ĴϹŵЦ⣬һǷȡ
Ұľڴɨһ£¶һ˿ȵɫһֳصѹȸУȻ͸Ϊ
ֻжԷΪԶԼ߶ԷطŻԷͲ󣬾ܳԽԼֻ̫࣬ǵڶֿˡ
⻹ǷҰһͬϸܵ˳صѹȸУȵǼͷڵʱҪǿң
ҰҲһĨȻͿҲ͸Լ࣬Ϊﵽ˼ĵز֮
ڷҰ˵ʱȺн
Թӵˣ棬ǱãȻ֮
ԣţô
Ȼ˵Ϊɲ⣬Ǳž޵콾ѵȻҪһȥ𣿡

˵Ľ̸ԻǰѾվĴʹ΢΢üͷתͷһػߣº͵ѯʵδ͵ʲôʱ򻹻ٽ´δͣ
ԵƽͶ·ѭŴĽƵģһ崺ĸо
΢΢˹ǰ콾ڶ࣬´οʹ󣬹ƻʮ֮󡣡
εҡҡͷ̾Ϣʮ죿Ǿ̫ˡ
ԣҲʹȻǱһ콾ҲðŭŲһڹųǵԶ봫ʹ
ӣҲǺܼǲĻҿԽλø㣡ʱվڷҰߵһ˷ܵĴ߳ʹһΨԲܵӡ
ӣҲøɣ
ӣҵİɣ

ʱʹ߳üˣȫҪԼλøԡ
лλˣԵЦ˵ͷлĿתƵһ߳Ǹϣº͵ĵλСֵӦǽɽżҵŻɣ
տʼ߳˷ܣͷңһǰ빫ӴҴҼһ棬û뵽ӻǵң
ԺЦͷ뼸λԼãƳСһʹҲҪ·ȷȲʮ֮ˡɣҲԿʮ龧龧챦̻ᷢеģƬ򶼿ʹá
˵ﻰӿҸ˻أҪ龧ؼ֮ҼͷӻôҰǸŻļƴǲա
Ҳûǿ˵ͷȻֵܲգҲˣԵżҵлɡ
ŻɫϲæЦŴӦţΧŻĿҲһĨĽԻںԼûλȻĻθԴùϵģӦþԼˡ
ô˵Եһŵżҵĵλ١
Ի̤ϴʹƺǸоʲôĿתƵҰϣ´һִӻСɨĿ¶һ˿棬Цԣ֪γƺ
Ϊǿֱ֮ԴӷҰϸܵһѹȸУҲ͸ҰľΪ쳣ľȡ
ҰŨü΢֪ΪεѯԼҲûĴ㣬̲ıԼ
ҰԵ͵߶˼䣬ЦŵԭǷ֣û뵽
˵ĿȫתƵ˷ҰϣĿг𾪣ܹ˿ã굽ǺҲ
Ҳû뵽֮ӣ콾ҵЩڴˣҰϹƵЦݡ
պ뼸ʻСۣҲЩľӢ֪Ƿʱǰһ𣿡Գֿ
˵ո˻Ǿȣʱϵıˣû뵽ԾȻзҰμСۣܹһС۵ģǸΪ޼콾ѵҰҲһ콾
Ұɫ΢ǰƳ֮ҲûнһĴ㣬һӦ
Ц뷽Ұ̸ţʹ϶ʱ˸Ѥ߲ʹ⻪һվڴʹеʧӰ١


224 콾Ƽ
ڴ͹УҰһִʱյĸоڵգ΢΢Ѥ⻪ͨͨıʯȵȣΧһжһֿٶѸԶȥ
⻹ǷҰһγԶ봫ʹ˵ͨǷҰȻܵһ̩ɽѹľ޴ѹ
ҰףԶ봫ռѹ˺֮յʱ򶼻дľԽԶֿռ伷ѹ֮Խ
һ£Ψʦſ԰ȻĽտ󣬲Ϊ˿ռ֮Ҳǵйأʦµѳסռ伷ѹ˺֮
Զ봫ʹؼطĵ֮乹һռҼֿռ伷ѹ˺֮Թʹá
ΪµʹʱҲ쳣ܣֻϵܰȻ־ͨ˵ѹ
Ұ׽ٴ˼壬Ѫ̥ǣЩոսʦ˻Ҫӵǿѹ˵Ͼ͵ûС
ԵеɫԽԽŨɿռѹʱɫЩ԰ףҰȴ治ɫ
⻹ȵģ𾪵ǣҰСһʱȻҲûһʡ
ȻоСһﶼޣҲǽ˿ȴһֽ˿ﲻӦеɷϢҲ޷ȥСһľ
СڣһͨĺèƵģȴһֿ͸ĸоԽèƶﶼһ飬ҲûпСڵĸ壬ֻýСڹᵽһࡣ
ŷҰΪǿǿСĽҰҲ͸Ϊ˵ƸҰҲ޼
аеԣ컯ƬҪˣĴҲڱ˴˽ύ£ⷽҰǳˣֵһ
İ֮ͨУռ伷ѹ֮ȻҪ˵Ҫž޴ѹҰҲϻ
쳣ļžÿ˶ܵһֳƵѹֵĸоң޷˵ɫ쳣ѿ
ҰʱظСһﶺŪˣҲ̫ơ
֮󣬿ռ䲨һͨǰʼ͵ĹȦռ䴫͵ٶҲ쵽˼£һʱմҵĸоõò˶
ˣ
һƵ촫˶ı۾˫۵ʱѾһȫİĵط
ҲһƬ޴Ĺ㳡ԼнǧɷԲ㳡Уվˡ
Ӵʹ̤Ұ͸о˴˴Ĳͬһ쳣ϵĳУжתһ¶ϵĵϡ
Ұ΢΢¶һ˿ɫжԾѹ쳣ôǿľҲܹ͸룬޷̫Զ
⻹ΪƵӡֳСеĻþԵʣͨҪ嶼
㷽Ұ޷̫ҲܹооۼǿԶԶвܹвȫ
Ұа˾裬콾յڼٵǿ߶ԼĵǰԵһЩĴ¶棬ƳѾŵļӪ
ƳǾ콾ľѾʮ콾֮ڻкü£ʱƳǾԲ̫ƽ
ܹƳǵˣÿ˶ĳеţÿ˶ĸ֮˭Ҳ˭˶콾ϵĳ֮Уͻսⲻ˵ġ
֣˵Ѿ콾ĵ̣ǱҲЩҵֲһȥΣԳֿ
Ұһҡͷֵܵĺ⣬ĳˣۿƳǻ۵ЩӢۺܣͲȥ߶ˡ
ҲûǿŷҰ˵ͷʵĵ֣֮ҺͼλѻɾСۣϣܹ
ҰЦŵͷʱһ
ԣҰЩøеģֻǲʶû죬ҰҲԸڶԷĵ齡
ô˵֮ĲޣϵСɫ衢ȪȸˮһǽɼĴڣСĵûл
ԣҰƳǵĴֹƳǵĻԶԶ
˵ְ̯˰һЩĵҩó似ĵرҲȫȴ˸ǿ
콾ĵ̣콾֮սȴκﻵ˽׵Ĺء
ǿĿŵĸ콾ΪУ˭Ҳô
˵һ֮콾һųǿжȡڽ׵ĳȱʥûһ£֮ʬ͹콾⡣
˵һΣǸڵ콾ǿɼһߡ
֮󣬾һûΪ콾Ĺųг۶Ҳûٸڳڴ⡣
Ұ²Ĺ˼֣ϵĺö಻ʤҫۻҡ
ʥ϶
ʥĺöҲָĳֵĲϻ߹似ȡҰȻлȣҲǷҪɣֻա
żй˼ʱ֮Ҳʱ֣ҰʳСһһ޴ľ¥֮УڽѰ˸λ
¥ԶϢĵطǾ¥һ߷ڣʱ¥һˣ¥еȾ쳣֡
Ұĵ˼ȣɻСڴԶȣԼעȴе̸֮档
ǰƳǳս˵ûУҵڳս˫ֱ޸ɽ峾ĻһսҴ۽簡Ҹ˵˵ս콾еһЩӻҪǿ
޸ɽ½ڵĻҲǸǴսսôˣ
ʤδ֣峾ӿû½ˣǶ콾Բͬط˭Ҳ˭ǣкܶ˶¶ˣû콾ͶѾѰŶˡ
ǰ½ѩɵտѩ׾ԻһУ˫˫Զˡ
򻨹ȵīҲһ֣ȻݣȻԸܵ־Ķǵ̬ɣ¡
˵Ӱɱ˵īӰɱ˺üˣɱĻ϶ڵʱϼһ׷ɱء
ɾˣڵǿ߱һȭһ˳˵֮Ҷ
˵Ҳְһ㶼Լӣ콾յӵʱ򣬼˽μ콾Ҳ֪ʲôԵʣЩ콾ͬƵð˳һ콾֮ҵ̫ˣûʼѾսݱˡ
Ǹһƽʢ˶콾ͬʱҲ֪ǵ˻ǵı콾֮࣬мܹߵ۷壿

ҰһٷãƳеһЩ֮Ҳ˽ĲˣǳСۣҲǳڴ
֪죬ֻļֿȵ


225 Ų֮
ɾӣƳľ¥оŲ㣬ҲƳߵĽ֮һ
濴ȥɾӵÿһ¥ǸԼʮɣŲ֮ϣڰɿ⣬¥ӳϼ⡣
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ɾӣҰϲɵ¶һ˿ɫĿռ濴Ҫʮֹһ¥а֮ߡ
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ȻҰǰӰһӢ˵ԳڷҰǰϹһ˿º͵Цݣĵ֣ڵˣһΪ㲻أ
ҰЦŵͷô᣿ҴӦǰȻʳԡ
ͺã׾Ҳ쵽ˣ߰ɣǶڵھŲǱż䡣Լ򵥵Ľ£ȴ·Ŷ¥ݿڸȥ
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˭֪أҲûˣ˻½֮ˣ½콾ɣҲ֪ǻﻹҶ

Ұδ¥˵ĲɣŻСڣ󣬺ܿ˾Ų¥֮ϡ
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Լʮ߰ӣʵϹһ˿٬ɫŵƷ·һ㣬ʱڱţƤԼɵĹתܵƣƶ˷Ƶġ
Ұ΢΢üͷСۣҪҪʶһЩ֮ӣյ˿ʼˡ
ҰԸκˣκƣԲͷ
Ұ΢΢۾Ƶӡתɫ⻪һûһӿľΪԲ
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˶ɫųһűɫ⻪Ƶɫƶ䣬ǶԸطţ˵Ľ֣Ҳδ
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ܹͿԵޣ϶ʵʵԶͬ׵ʿ
СԲ꣬ɵĿԣ˶ڷҰʶӵˡ
һҲûټš
ҶΪСۣϣҶĳ˸ӣ㵽ΪֹɣƷƷ衣һͦεʱزڣۻ˵ע˹ȥ
ĸߴͦΣȳ˸һͷ࣬վһƵģڷɢͭɫļϲʱһصɫƣ˫·̺һƬɫ׺ӿš
Ӵ˵ĻУҰף׾죡
Ұ׾칰һЦǷĳȴ֮ˡ
׾Цŵͷ˶õλ£Ե֣Ϊҽ°ɡ
ԵЦվҰ֪ңҰһʣµļˡ
Ǹưٴڡ
ҰЦЦưٴһɫ࣬鲻ԸĹ˹֡
ЦżܵλӵϦ΢ӣɣȾǲ콾ˣɱĻŶ
ӾͱȡЦϦ΢ˡһ㶯һλɴŮŷҰ΢΢˵ͷһ̶һ
һЦ̧ͷһŰµʾ£ЦǧڵĳĴܻþĪ⣬ʱöþ֮Уʵǿ
֣ͱ̧ˣҿɲҶǬЦҡͷݻ𲻶޷ݡ
һǸ׳˶꣬¶Ƥǽʯɵһ㣬űĽ󣬲ԽܣԼվҽܵǽʯԲ룡
Ұ΢Цŵ˵ͷ½ĸҲЩ˽⣬ͱ⣬ڡӡǧںͲҲǰ֮ľۻᣬȷǷƾۻᡣ
һһѯʵû
׾Цһһ
˭׷ʡ
īӰ׾Ӧ
Ұ˫ɨżеһգЦѾˣ


226 ʮǰ
ŷҰĿȥĵطһգӴľɨҲûз˿״
Ϸ˿˿ԣ׵Уת۾ͻָƽ΢΢¶һ˿ȡ
׾˫ͫȫΪɫģϸȥĳ˫֣Ŀȵ˷Ұһۡ
˶ΪҰƭ˵ʱעӵУ޵У仺ĸֳһ͸ĺɫӰӡ
ӰΧһ󲨶һǳСӳУཱུһϸС۾ھȵŷҰ
Ұ΢΢һ֮Ӷ̸֮ɫīӰȻǸСӣ
Ҷ֮ȥɱ֮УǶþҲ޷ְۼηҵģСӾĳѯǳݣīӰ
īӰ֣ȻǸСӣ÷ҰҲЩȡ
īӰĻҰЦ³ֱ֣
һֱûپΣŻ˿µȻ㷢Ӱһ֮ڣҲ֡īӰཱུ϶Ц⣬һ޺ӡ
ʶˣ˭ҲΪƳǵīӰ
ҰЦʼ磬˭ҲԸһʱڰеɱ֣֮Уҵӹһ١
СӶ˷Ұóʱ䣬ҡͷԣҸ㣬һ֮ڲ֣ҲȻҵġ
ҰŨü΢ЦûĺܣҿɲҰԼСһ仰ϡ
īӰɵһλϣùһͿЦеĳŷҰǾˣ˵־;֣һ֮รɡ
Ұνʼ磬ǲɾġ
׾֣ž߶ŸʽŶ룬ɢŨļȿٵİӡ
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ҰΣһóԵģһͲܳϡ
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Ұɾ㣬аƲƲ죬ǧƣ˵úԼĺȣǿɾͲԶˣ
Ұǳǳĳ˳ǧƣЦζԣҲЯһЩƣȵ̳ˣôҲ
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Ұ΢ȻСӾȻΪһڣ͸ѹȴưٴԲ˻ҪǿǸɱֵġ
СӲÿɷƲƲ죬еһѹӣʱԶǸ̳зɳһˮľˮٴΪԼˣб۾׾죬ɵĵ׵ģտѩ֣Σ
׾ҡҡͷЦҲ֪Ƿʲô裬ҽһԶԶˡδóѩҲûжףǴνҵʵӦڲ֮䡣
Ϧ΢תһɴһƣǳЦ콾δʼ˻ɱġȻ峾ս⡣
׾Ŀһɨ콾ˣһΣʮµĶʱڵ콾ѾʮþˣΪλôǿߣ
µ׾죬ЦʵڵҲ쳣Ӵ㵽˴Ϊ£
˵ĿҲתƵ׾ϣ뿴ô˵
׾һЦҲʲôܣƴҲš컯ڶ˵Ҫˣ˿ɱܣпܻҷ𣡵츳õĵӶˣԼ취Ϊ˶ܣ콾޾£еĵλЩ⣬뿴к֮
Ϧ΢ףǺ˪Ӱ䣬ǾɫȻϽ޺ͼ컯Ҳǧ궼һѹЩڶסˡ
Ϥ֮Ұ΢Ծѩܷܷ֪ڻںη᲻Ҳ콾
īӰһڱƣĵżʮʮ컯鶼һһġ
Գڣ󲿷˶һȵīӰ
ī֣ô֪ʯȵĵɴ۾
īӰţƵĽеǧƺ˸׶죬ָԼϣŻĵһɱ֣Ķȳ˶һЩһżȻĻᣬĳֻƬļءʮǰƵ飬龡֮˶лõ
ʯĦȭƣ˷ܵĵõУƬ֮еָ֮һЩ˵֮С컯ҲޣҪ龡ǵòõ컯黹кܴģ
ưٴͳҲ޲ھҵ컯飬ȴ΢΢üͷɻʮǰѾĻΪôδָ֮컯Ҳöǻʮǰ׷ʲô컯ȥ˺η
ԵķҲ΢侲һЩĿȫתƵīӰཱུϣҰһգգīӰҲ֪ڵС׷ʲôʡ
īӰϸС۾΢΢зཱུ¶һ˿ѵõأ˵ʣµ飬ˣ
ʲô飬ҲԻôôͬһʱ䶼ưٴͽʯȫ
Ұ΢ҺһΣСڹоŵΣСʱ䣬Спܾǻʮǰ
ʮǰ׷ʲô飿


227 Ǵ֮
ѯīӰʼ磬ֽһõⶪУ߽ҡͷҿҲֻƬʮǰʲô飬Ͳܹ֪ˡ
Ҳ̾˿ʮ꣬ôƾõ°඼ûʷ֮ˣǸЩнľϼһҲ֪Ĳɡ
֮ǣǿأ飬ħӡϴƣ죬˿ɱܣʢ
ҰоԼԼץʲô벻ףҲֻѹԼͷӵ˼
δΣʵҪģ
ûʵһж̸
Ұ΢΢ɨ˻һۣü˼Щʲôӡ
˼Ƭ̣ջȻҡҡͷͷ
֣̳ǧںˣĺþóɣٺ٣׵óǧ֮㻹ᵽԼҲ˾ƣȻǧƣͱˣīӰĽ̳ʣµľƵӳ˿أֽվ̳󣬼üŪ۵ʷҰҪƺȡ
ҲĿתƵ˷ҰϣҲ뿴׷Ұóʲô
ҰȻһЦһгһƺͨɢŵӫ⣬ϣʱ㴼˵ľƮݶ·ǧֻϢһĻꡣ
ƺӺɫī֮͵ĶڲӡſռģССһƺĿռҲоƺʮСʢźƣٺʲˡ
ҰհѺó˶ɵñ۾һھ㣬¶һ˿ɫ
īӰһϸС۾˲ЩŵŷҰеİƺ˿Һȷĵлǧٹľ裬ž̩ͨѵǴ˵п׾ϴĺ𣿡
Ұ΢΢ףǣ֮õģҶɡ
ȻǺƣǾǿߣһҲһܳһڣɱŪǧҪǿö࣡׾ЦϵƵ˫һգգĶŷҰеİƺ
ҰѹƺɫĺƻһĻȣ׾ǰľƱС
Ұְ˵ıӶϡ
īӰȲƷһڣ̵ı۾ཱུܣ·ȫĶ뵽˿е֮С
Ҳ̲סƷϦ΢һɴСһڣ峺Ĵ۾ӵӿһ˿κ죬ɴӳ΢΢졣
ƿѾʧ˵ƣʱưٴҲԷҰĵӣǰƷ
С̵һƷźƣŴֺͣ
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ĵϵԴͿռ䱾Դλϵڰ߾Ŵŷ֣ǬоŲռ䣬ÿһ㶼вͬ򣬾Ų֮ϣħ룡˵콾ڲӵ֮
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ĺ˪ӰҲڶʮ⹦ЧľɫҲʮȴڰˣ֪ء
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׾ɫŹֵŻ飬ЦףСһ˼񻹿Ǿ
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Сһ󻰿ɲ˵ģǿǴ˵ûмӵеģ㿴ŪīӰЦ۾зĴŻ顣
ӣҵţ㿴ģһݻٶ˵ͷ
ȫȻʧЦΪ˵󻰣ֻзҰ΢΢˲
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Ұһһרɱģ
ЦЦͷī˵ҲûΨо֮д轻ܹȷԼȱ㣬Լ֮·ߵĸӵңԶ
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ʯưٴ˵ĿҲ˸ƹԣ뷨ơ
Ϊ£Ϧ΢۲ת峺ĿתƵҰϡ
ҰŨü΢ԺиֳѩܷܷӰֳǲмݣȻ뵽˷ħһħ
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Ұһһһٵĵֻǿ˶ѣ
ҰĻܼ򵥣˭ܹеǹɾġ
ֺǿҵľģ׾̲ס˴ĴָȻʲô׷ʵոֽ·ֵ֣֪Ժη
ҲĿתƵҰϣҲ֪ص꣬ǴӺζ
½ҰЦűԼźħҲ˻ļ˳֣Լĳû
½׾΢΢üͷʯҲɻȻǶƬ½ûʲôӡΨīӰϸСӹâ
ĵ쳣½½ǧ򱶣½Ĵ½ʤ½ûгֹԽ콾ˣҰҲû뵽˵֡
Ŷī˵Ұȵ׷ʡ
īӰ΢ֵã֣˵һƬǴ֮أûԸ
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Ұû㽫īӰ˵ĻϣȻ뵽ڵС뵽ȸ뵽˻ɽ³ĺ˪Ӱ뵽˷ħƷľɫ裬뵽ħ֮еĸħ뵽½Եĺˮȵȡ
Щÿһ֮Ȼ󲨣ȴͬʱһССĴ½ˣҰһӾһ亹
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228 
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ҰԷ¶һ˿Ц⣬кóʱûмˣСҲЩΪľȻԼ϶١
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һعҰʶҲٴλص˾Ųɾۣ֮档
ۣҶվε϶һĨء
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Ҷ֪ҶĴˣȴ˵Ұ޵УķҰô
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Ҷ΢УﲻݵĵʾѰãҵ㣡ղһۣѾһδԿ϶ҵ޵У֮䣬ֻһȥ


229 ƶ
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ҶĻ˶еһľ˭˵Ĵ˵޵Уе̫ɡ
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ҰⲻҶգĵҽ߾磬ǡûһʯҶʣ
ϣıĿһ󣡡ҶЦһˮתͷȥһãʧӰ١

īӰ˿ֵ¶һ˿ЦߺߵСӺţңŵʱǴ˵ĴˣոҾȻûҵֵĻᣡ
Եϸֳһ˿ЦݣϵĵīֲԷƱոҲ׳֣Ҳûаտıɱһȫˡ˵ʲôɵǵģҲ͸ǲ࣬ǿ츳ҲһǿԺĳɾͣҲδؾ
ƾԼһ̤Ͼ磡׾ЦҶϵѹȫ˶
˵ĿҲ¶һ˿ᶨľ϶΢΢Щߡ
ҰаԵͷЩ˲Ϊ֮ͬеٮٮߣ̸ֹҲǳףЩ˽ԺҲĺô
Ϧ΢ˮĶŷҰǳЦ˵ҶϦ΢ǶԷӸӵĸȤˣҶôὫ㵱޵У
˵ĿҲתƵ˷ҰϣȻոշҰûչʾ̫ʵͿסҶĹɱ˶ʵҲ˸쳣̵ʶֱɲݡ
ҰƲƲ죬ʼ磬ô֪ҽǵһμӣרŶң޵ˣĪ
īӰɵĵٺ٣ӵƶǣȷվ۷壡ϧǵǼ޾ǰѾ٣ʲôŵģ˵ĴˣвСսԣֵģܷҵıɱһ
Ұ˫Ŀų貵ĹâĿٵתƵ˻ϣֻڴԵҲһӽӲסˣīӰĺߺŷҰ죬ͷ
ҰмѾԿ϶ڵСƶ
ڣҲҶΪλὫδıԼ޵УⶼΪƶԵʣ
֪Ҷ׿˶٣ҶոյжϳҶδ񶦾ڣԺڽӴҶʱ򣬻Сĵˡ
һϵϢй¶ȥˣ¸ЩڼﶼԼǾһ½Ҳգ
ǿ߶ɵ½Ǵ޴ջǰԻ˻һģ
ƶƶǰ治𣿡Ϧ΢ӵЩ⡣
Եҡͷ֪ƶȻǰʵȴ֮ûʲô𡣡
Ŷӽ󡣡Ϧ΢峺ЩɻưٴҲЩ⡣
ҰҲһգգԣھڣҲҪ˽һЩƶϢ
Բʵĵλ֪ǰ֣
ʯӿڵ½һľ޴ʯȥһΣǰλĿǼ̣һ飬˵˼ʵĿû֪便ʲôġڶǻ챮δ˵˭ӵйƶ
ҡҡͷѾڶˡ
ôܣʯĲš
Ұ΢Щ²⣬ֻǽ̫𾪣ԼЩš
һһٵĵǿʯڶĻ챮
ʲôڵʯǻ챮ʯͳһ𾪺
㷽Ұв²⣬ʱҲ𾪣ϢҲ̫ˡ
Ȼ챮ڶʥͣҲᶯİɣôôҡڵķΪȡϦ΢ʳеɻ
Цˣǲգǲգ˵챮سʱ򣬻һԭʯһΪţΪ챮Ͽؼ飬ѹˡвֹһλշ챮ȴȫ⵽˷ɣ˿շ
鶼޷շѹֿ޾¶лȻ
Ը̾һ˼ڶĻ챮˿շƶϾͿ֮ˡ
Ұд֣бɨ˻һۣаСңǱ֪ˣ
ڵ񶦾Ȼе֮ԺҪСĲУһй¶ȥ򶼻ģ


230 
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ƶûʷ֮УҲ˥䣬ǣ֮ĵ̴棬Ȼκսġ
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ĿƵŷҰпĵҶ״μͽ㵱޵УϵġƶһΪƶء
һ˵ĿⶼˢˢתƵ˷Ұϡ
ҰһͻϲɫЦ֮Ҳжʮļɲô׾ܹõġҪе֮һ콾
ҰԾ裬ȻȻЦݣǳƵӡ쳣ĸоǵ΢΢£
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˵΢΢˶٣ּԣһЩһ㶼ѹڸڵС֮УѹŸԵˣػ࣬ɱ㡣Ҳǲȱ㣬һ˵׵ָ
ҰԵ˵ͷҲСҲڸԳʱڵ磬½֮г͵Ĳ½Էӳ̫˽ӵˡ
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Ұ뵽ʱǸ뷢԰׵ߣףǻǻǰֻǲ֪ʲô飬ƶΪһ壬Ļ飬ȴӵһЩǵļƬ
ҰһСһк߰ɣҲȥͽĴս
СһٵķɵļϣҰϷɫĹӰʧԭء
մżгͼв˶Ӵȥ÷Ұһսѧˡ
ˣҰܿƳ⣬ɽҰʯ嶥ҵȵѾվˣȫԶա


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ҰĿȺһȦͼһ嶥վŵ׾ˣŻСǴɽϡ
˴սΣҰս֣ѯʡ
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Ұ΢΢ͷս˶Իƿض쳣ľ΢ԼԻƿҲ˵ĶԾҲŲСĺô
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ҰҲмջ˵ԲЩ࣬ҲΪϵĲ࣬ľѾˣҲҪ㹻ʱ佫ոյս׵һ
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ĵػһְǽ񻢵ĵ̣һҲҰĹʤޡ
ҰҪͻƵԲ磬ҪĽΪϵŬľѾˣһʱõģעתƵԼս
Ұ飬ոյսԺйһ飬ѰҳԼ಻㡣
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ħӡ׸߼似ϴα֮֮Ѿﵽʥףθ죬ɲôɾͿɵġ
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Ұ¶һĨݣԼľȻѾĵĳ׿ݽߣңǾҰԼеԼ˲٣
ףϴˣڷҰ
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콾յֻʣ¼µĹ⾰ˣ󲿷콾콾ˣʱƳǵģһС֣ȻĻ֮ĶԾӵļҡ

Ұ˼ʱҲ˽һЩδͻƵʦ磬ǷҰţȻѾͻƵʦ硣
ҰвżҲѾ̤뵽Բ֮취ԼͻƣԼﵽ֮󣬲Żѡ񼫾
˰죬δϢЩʧ
ҰҲ֪ƳǾ콾ʮ֮ңҪҲһ˵Ѿ뵽콾Χ
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ɷ޷ˣ츳˿˵츳Ұ֮һս
գҰŻС뿪ɾӣƳ˸ջʱס
ոͻƵԲ磬˼սЧԣҰʱҲûȥѰ˼սĴ㣬ʹƳǾס
ҪöѪ飡
Ѫһͷ飬̺һͷȫѪҲǸС
⻹ͻ֮ŸģѾƷʦͻ֮󣬾ֵõѪ뷨
ڿջ˼֮󣬷ҰӾɫаγǧݵҩƽ¯ʼ
Ѫ֮ǰҪԼӵϤԼľȷһжԼƿ֮Ժ󣬲ŻѪ
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Ϊ˶ͿҰʲôҩǲô˫͸棬ڻƽ¯з
ҰľǿĿ£ԻĿ¯࣬Щǧҩ˵ѾûκεѶȡ
ܿ죬һǧҩͱᴿϣڻƽ¯֮С
Ұһǧĵƽ¯еҩҺҩۿʼת۳һŽ۳һɵĵҩΡ
ŵҩתԽԽ죬ҩı潥⻬˿˿ƵĵƮݶ
أҩ϶һɫĵƣƻɢɵĹԣǴƵġ
ţһɫĵҲڵҩͣ⻪貣ҩתٶ˿δ
ҰĶŻƽ¯еöҩȫ棬ϵıƣɵĵҩٴζһɫĵƣ
ҩתٶڽĽҰ־Ȼһ䣬ҩתٶȾȻάĳƽϣٴζһɫĵƣ
ŵĵƳͣտʼ˿˿пٵĸֳϼ⣬Żƽ¯뵲Ϣ
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ڣڿǿѪˣ


235 Ѫ
Ʒҩ֮󣬷ҰѪ鵹ĴƷ鵤ش֮־ĵһ״̬۷塣
ȵһж׼֮󣬷ҰһѪɫ⻪뵵ѪС
Ѫɫӣ͸Ѫɫ⻪ȴһְ͵ĸоǿȫѪоɵѪ飬һ֪ǷƷ
ҰһһͣѪѾͶ뵽˻ƽ¯֮С
ҪѪͱҪѪڻеѪ⾫Ȼ۳һѪʱŻΪʺյıֵǣ
ҰѪļӲٸ߼ѪذףҲ˺ܳʱŽѪΧһѪ޳Ѫ鱾壬ô׾Ϳġ
ҰһವһȵĻ棬ٵڻƽ¯߲Ϣܵȼʹƽ¯ĸЧǿ¯Ҳܹܵһɿҵˡ
ҰüųѤĲɫâӴľӿƽ¯֮Уƽ¯еĻ߷££Ѫ鶼ڡ
㷽ҰѾƴĴ߷¶ȣѪȴ˿Ӧ¶Ƶģû˿ı仯
Ұ֪ѪļӲﵹ˿Ϊ֮ǿ󣬾ǳʮ춼ֿݽߵ
ʱȥˣƽ¯еѪڿʼ˱仯ɢ˿˿ѱѪɫ
Ұɫ䣬ά¶ϣв˿
ʱƣѪɢѪɫ⻪ԽԽ࣬ܿͲƽ¯ڲΪƽ¯ȾһѪɫĹ⻪ȴûκεѪϢһĪĵϡ
֮ѪȫƳѪɫ⻪Ұ˫Ȼ˸ֵĵƽ¯еѪɫ⻪ͬһ𣬿ʼٵת
ŷҰĶƽ¯䶸һֻ׵ԶӰڻƽ¯иֶ
Ǵţ޴ĺУûƽ¯ҵҡβѡ
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Ұ΢׹ԶƬ̺Զȫľڡ
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Ǹоٵľ棬ֻԶĸӵĿˣ¯ںֱײ
Ұɫ΢䣬޾ֻԶֻĶ̫ˣŻƽ񶦵⣬ԶĺҲңң˳ȥ
ԶѪƶɵѪʦĸ֣ۺ죡
ʱƳ־ۼԸţԼǵػߣѪɣ֪ʲôء
飬Сڣȥסκǿɱ⣡ҰͳĮ
ҰסĵطǸСԺǷеķĸ޷ȫסԶĺУȻ˲ľ롣
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ʱķҰɹ˲÷ˣȫ߷ƽ¯ڵ棬뽫ǸԶĻӰ
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ԶǴﴫڳԶľ˵ǼټѪ飡һϵԺг˷ܡ
Ѫǿʦĵıﰡһһ
飡飡
׹ص촫žɱ޵ϴٸҿɱۣ
ףСܿԣ֣һصĴɤ
Сӣÿٸǲɣһɭɭ

Ұдŭ˫˸ɫһݣһ˳ŷҰ˫۾͹뵽˻ƽ¯֮С
һֻɫȸڻƽ¯һţڤ粻ԶĻӰȻĭɢ˿
ڹؼʱ̣Ұ˴ڵеȸӿ˲ԶĻӰɢ
Ұ־ٵı仯ţƽ¯ڵѪɫ⻪ٵתţһۿɼٶܿͻΪһѪɫŨҺ
Ұ־ٱ䣬ƽ¯ڵճҺתӵѸ٣ٵ۳һŲĵҩֱתٵĴĥ⻬ҩϿʼͷų貵Ĺ⻪
Ұ˸ƽ¯ڵĻٴαӿĽöѪɫĵҩȫڡ
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ȻӵҩϴһǿеѪɫΧɢ˿ȥ
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ոԶѹ̴棬ѪƵѪ
ȻֻҪƷʦܹƣǲȴǾֵԳƷҩ
ǧ׾ֹѪѳɣֵһƴ

糹׵ĿžͿʼһĽӰƣȴ˿ɴ뷿С
ѪҩͬҰάֻ¶ȣѾ͵ѪһƬȡ
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ҰԼǸƷʦֻöѪĲȫľֵ±ƷҩҪߣ
ٴƬ̣Ұʱ죬һһתöѪѾյƿ֮Уƿռ֮ڡ
飡
Ұոսƽ¯ҲŻͱһӰײƬ
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236 ȫѹ
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Сɫ֣Ұ㴦˰ɡߵǸʦƲǰҪŷҰ֡
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Ķؼ䶸Ȼһ֮һͷɫӰڳڳǰ죬𶯲񷣡
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ƽĽɫǷĶõµһֱ֡
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Ұδ÷֮Σȫħͻһĳ˶·ȾһħԣԵŶа졣
ħգһضӰͷɫ׵һֻֻͷʬ塢ħӰȫŽɫ׵˻ȥ
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һĺɫ׵ƬƬѣɢؼ䣬ǱĻƽꪳС
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ҰȥһӶסˣħҧס֮󣬾Ȼ˿޷ǰ
̺һʦǿ߶Ҫǿ౶ȷǲͬ졣
Ұսİ쳣񣬹ϵħֽճȭųź䣬һХء
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꣡
ȭһĹָ֮ǴѣһƬѪģ
ʲôܣһ߿Ѫһ߾ȫ޷ţԷȻһȭͺΪң֮
Լóѹƣóɫ쳣ѿԼףκߵˡ
ҰȴʦǿĶ࣬ôôܹȵϷҰѪħ
ңҰڵ鲼ȫÿһ缡ͽ־ͿӲԶһ˸ӵǿҲ֮⣡
ҰƲˣȭָ֮˸Ե˺գײĳƤ
飡
Ұҵᣬһȭڳ£ü߹ǣϹǴ̴˺󱳣ѪȾ˰ۡ
ڣĸ߰ѾʧӰ٣еĸܵвȴҰƵ˵
ݡ
貵ĹƷװڷҰϣҰͷҲصֱۣһһס߰˸ĳķģ¶أأݡ
ҰһźɫʸķȥʱٶȸӵѸ٣µٶõüʸնҫޱȡ
ۡ
ǼʸǼڵϴ͸̺ǿȻ˲佫Щը⡣


237 콾
ڵļһﶼҳŷҰֱ֣
ԱߵλʦԣæȵѪɽѣһ֣ѪˣֻҪеǱħ
Цڲͬղˣ˭֮ܿΣҪǳֿԣϵжǣ
ãԣӺݺݵҧҧŭһԭµӰ˫ֽĻһ˶ͷҧҰͷ
ͬʱʣµҲˣһжһɫһжһɫ̤ͬķɱҰ
ҰᶶСѸĴͷ˳ȥ
̤ʥԳɽסʦĽ·ߣСܹɫ磬ٶȱʦÿռ֮ٶȻҪ죬Ƶʦ޷ǰ
ҰȫСһʵʦĹܲʣ˫ֽӡİħӡ˲ֶ
䣡
ħӡصĺڳϣųĲҽһķѣ֫̿ա
ҰʱõħӡԶԶռ棬Ǹ򻯰棬˻ϵˮϵ컯֮ħӡѾ˼ֲĵزǳԳܵġ
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󶼿ˣȷһ콾ǰĻܹ콾УһǰéľӢʱδ콾Ѿ䣬ǿɱ̾
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Ұףеĵһ콾һȻ̤ǿѪ̾͵ĵ·ǰУ߶ԶԼҲ
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Ұɫ΢һϲ˻ƽꪾȻ׸߼
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飡꣡
һƵײžѵ죬ȻǹǶϽ۵ʦӰǸƵı߷˳ȥֱĴϻӡ˸ѪģĽӡԼɼɭɭ׹ǡ
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ҰһЩмֵĶʰ£ݲȵĽˣŻСھʹȥ


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Ƴֵ÷зʱ򣬷ҰѾԶԶ뿪Ƴǣ콾ķ˹ȥ
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һ촫Ұһɴ󷽣ڵѪӿңңڰС
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Ұǻңңԣղһж˿
Լȫ׼֮ϼһɱԼҲô׵顣
ڸոյӲӲ֮УҰϼһȻȶ˾ϵħԼһȼҲǲֲ
ҰףԼʦڣԶԶ޷ӳʦӦеսʦԲҲ˿Ҵ⡣
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һҲһֱȻսĥĬܹ÷Ұȫε˲࣬½ûУСһȴΡ
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ոմսʱȻսʱȴԶҰ֪ΧǷΣգŰɫ֮ӡԼϢдΣٵʧԶ
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Ұ뵽һսЩµĸо˾ϵħΪﵽʦڣȻôѣǿſµ;ǵľŽӮʤνǾһ
ȻþϵħվԼԼʦڣаտƾԼɱʦԲ
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Ұüͷ΢΢˫ĿԶĵܹӸӱûɵӣµ˿ҲǹµģýǽעתƵϣǸ̽ʵʵ˷밡ô˵ˮʯ֮ǰǼ˶š
ʱСܵľɫһ󲨶ˮ뵽СڵڣСҲٴ̱ʯ˫ۡ
ҰĿСڣ΢ϼһ˵СڵǾ磬ʦԲסƬ̣Ǻܲ
СĵһڷҰ˸ʵĵط壬Ƿ
ߺߵϴɱССڣǾèרСڵľصϵСƴסϼһҲ֮Сֻû뵽ϼһﾹȻϳҲϳСڵݣĲôĲʡ
СںݺݵĵһۣȻ˵ԼǾèܲ
Ұ뵽˻ʥԳɽȻֵ㻯ɽʥԳǸʥޣܹ˵ϼһСǸ飬ĴйսʲôУҲƷʦˣʱҾ͸Ƹͨ鵤һֱ޷ԡ
ƳСһۣЩֻĵͨ鵤ЧйսҲ޷óΪ񣬺ٺ٣ʱջӰɡ
ءСڼһһڹ飬һӰѻײ˸ͷСһƤϴ˹
ҰڴֵСһ¶һ˿ɵЦݡ
֮Сһֹͣ˴֣»ҵëĵðɣСǸĴйսѾ񼼵ķ룬̣ﵽ磬Ҳ޷ʱӡԺҪԣҲֻܿԼŬˡ
ҰһźСڿǸ飬ڣҲ޵ķ룬ĹսȻӵǿ
ϧСδܿھèսҲ޷ѧ


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Ұֽ˻ϣüŪ۵ĵ飬ʱͶüޣҲѧֹս
һۣߺߵϴ㻹ҵ˰ڲԲΪұɸʥ޾ǶˣޣߣΪʱ򣬻пܡ˵ˣѧϰ񼼵̫̣Ϊͱˡ
Ұһ˶εĵʥҲȰʥԳɽ̸ңȻٶ伸ʥޣ޷ѧϰ޵Ĺսѧѧʥ޵ĹսҲС
ߺĵĹսսҲǶĹսˣһΨʦҲǿҲѧֻǣʥԳɽ˵ûɶãǸϵĹսɽʹ֮ɷӳ֮ƫľˮϵ̸ĻҲֻܷӳħӡ
ҰϹЦݣЦܹӵűħӡҲ֪ˣٺ٣һٵõϵ컯飬ҲʡĵʱҪˣ
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ҰԻȫȫΣԼſ
ɫзɳһĹӰȻɽʥԳС棬ƮƮƮҰüģһȫûС
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ÿһ˿ߵĲͬλõĴϸͬÿһ˿ߵĲͬλõٶҲͬƼ򵥵˿ߣȴǰ
У˿ʧԺһƴĻ档
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ҰտƿռҲвٵĴԿƿռ䣬СڵҲõİ
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Ұ˲ɫȵزףΪεô콾ûͻƵʦ磬ǲͻƣǲͻƣ
Բ綼δܹǿͻƵʦ磬ֻԼԺĵ·ԽԽխ
һ磬ʼ޷Ǹ֮˵ΪڣҰҲΪСڵٽǿѹȥŲСڣҲȻвٶһ뷨
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䣡һͷʥޣʥĴڣĸģ˾̾
ĸûǿĹа½Ĺı־벻ĹҲ콾Ȥһž޹걳ϵǿ޴ʯѹ
Ĺٺ٣а½ĴҪн𣿡һ˵ĶϣһͷɴСĽɺչᣬͷһؽɫëվŸɷߺһϼеŮٵʧߡ
ף𶥰׺Ҳˣ˵Ŵ½ڵʥݣ콾Ǵ󰡣ϳֻ𶥰׺׵
𿴽𶥰׺ֻɴСҲǸʵ
ҰĿԶȥʥջأֿ˿ϵһʥһޣһ
ͬʥޣôô
鲻ĳԶȥͷʥһСĸСֹţ˵Ǵ󲹣ɺҲ
˲ĿУҰæСһʧ
ŷҰĿԽԽ࣬Щʮϰ˻żŮЩƿգЩٵĶпͣ콾ȥ
ú̧ͷͿԼһֻ޴Ӱзɹ콾ԽԽˡ
ǷҰãʦԲնɱҰȴϢ¶õ÷Ұһ·ƽ콾Χ
ȵҰﵽ콾Χʱ콾ж
ʱ콾յӻкüʱ䣬콾ΧܴһƬ֮жۼ˸ʽˣһͷʮ֮ڣ
еӵܣҲ֮߰࣡ڵռ˴ڵҲһٰ룬ʣµĲںʹԲˣʦˡ
ܹ콾ˣûκӹţôȥٸѶȣǧľŰ
ҰСһ΢ı̬ñ˵ϣǿڶ࣬һϳСǿɾ鷳ˡ
ϵĽɫëٷ⣬СϵĺɫëҲƽƽĳ
콾ĵƼô˼һҲҳһ࣬Ҷںҵ죬ʵŶڿо
ǰμ콾öడ죬ھѾԽ콾ˣôôǵ׶ģεľϣ󰡣˸п
Ǹ⣬죬ʱ򣬻ŵִ콾μӿҲˣ콾ˣھӢһˣѶҲС껹δʱ̣Ѿ߰Ůˣ⼸ԽԽ࣬콾ȵ컹ѣһԷɧ
ؼģɽǼλǿɶĸǿߣеྫӢˣһʮҪߣε飡иӰ̾ԶɽŬ졣
˳ָķȥҰ֮иĵ̵жôۺ
Զһֻͷſһ޴ɽϣͷһԼǣһԶβ;ţе̫˸űҪĹ
һͷ
ߣмŮھ
ԶһͷƽɵϢһɽϣƣÿһ𶼱Ⱦ񽣻Ҫӵķ

嶥ϣһڻе⥣һ˫ɫߣһֻͨڵľ޴ħ룬ͷԼֻ𶥰׺ףȵȡ
Ĵнʮ𣬻вǿߣռһɽ壬ɽ»ʦĴھĵȴ콾Ŀ֮ա
ҰĿķҪҳӰΧѹѹȺĵҲһ˿Ρ
Ҫʮҳڴ룡
Ұֻʱ뷨Ѱһʯĵȴ콾ŵ졣
ǳ죬ӢۣȻΧ֮УȻڲңǻֱ콾ѵʵ
뷽ҰһϣһŽɫƵǹһңüһɫ֣ҰĿĴɨ䣬ȺѰʲôԼ콾ҳˣںη
ʮһһڷĸߴ꾲һʯϣͭɫļݷ޾ħ˫ĿԶɽǼͷĴ͸һѪɫ졣
˵Ĺﶼһħԣܸɾȴ͸ŨѪζΧʮɵķΧڶǿհһƬʦԶԶ뿪˴ˣԸǡ
˵˸˴ս˼ΣӦѾˣȴûҰϢ˷ѽ⣡Ұǹ콾ģҺͳ˶ˣɱʧħĿɲԶɽϵǼͷżһ촽ѪĹ
ھԶһͰСɽϣһһŮվɽŮӿɣӢǷĿ޵ĴӳӰɨ
Ǹʮ߰꣬ɨ˳һۣԼ׵˸ŮӵãħһۣɷȫûݵڵĴţǳ컹һзҰļһĹںҲﵽԲ磬ҪҪھͶ֣
ԱλŮӵɨһۣĵ裬һҪģڡ˵ͻ콾Ŀ֮УҪ뵽콾еʱԸ۹ҪųԶЩʹ˵ĴˣӦǵĿ꣡
˺Ȼɷеˮɷ˺Լɷ˸裡
ǳ뾹Ȼ콾ˡ
￴ͬǳ½ĳ񣬲û˿ϲɱ
ļУƬӿֳʿһ죬ŮѾﵽ˽ʮˣ
ǣһ֮У˵е̫ɽȵͬʱԴԼĴˣߵɽפ㡣
Ǵ˵ҲԲǿ콾
콾з֮˶ţκǴ˵ҪԼµĴ˽콾УҲð˳
֮£콾յӵգڵˡ


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峿ĵһصʱһƴֺ쳹ӲлһȦȦۿɼĽɫƣˮ㵴˷һ֮ʧ
Ӳ֮һƵľ޴ɽ羵ˮ°ĸǰ
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ȵɫȫɽŷɳʱǧ֮ϲһƬƬˮεƬ·ʥĹ͸һɾµѹ
˵Ŀⶼͷɫϣܵɫϵѹ֮󣬲ֽĿԶɽϵǼͷ
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ҲвĿǿֻǧɸߵɽţͬǧɣɫȴԵñɽС̫ˡ
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ɽֻǧɸߣһͷ޹Ҳ䰲ȻС
ɫһ뵵ƸɫͷϾһɷİ׷ߣϹŴЦݡ
ͷüĿģû˻СվھĴͷýֺͷҲ֪Ҳһ
׷߳ңң˹֣ƽͶÿ˵Ķ𣺡콾һյӵӣлλ콾棡ؽ䣬һ콾ǱؽʣڲõĽ콾е꿪һεĹʥҲţ콾㹻׵콾Կɽ룬ܹߵһͿ컯ˡ
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콾̫࣬ʮµſɽ룬Ҹոնʮͷѵ춼ҽ𣿡

Ұų貵âʥĵطŵǺ˼ԵĻҪһ⣡
׷һѹ˲Ծıͣ׷߲ĵ콾أʵйأҲйءʽԶ߽ͨԿɽ콾Ϊߵͣ٣Ҳſʮڣ߾ҪЩˡǷμӣȫƾԸ
׷߻䣬·˾Ϳʼզʥ򶼻ῪţƴҲҪһˣƴһΣ˵йҾͶҵ˺ãٸȡˣ޷ΪеǰҲҿԴʲôأ
Ұ¶һ˿ЦݣĴԹȻ콾Ŀ˲ʵйأйأֻҲʵ
׷űɽŴһѤõɹ⣬µɫһõһԣٴγԵҪμߣȽɽŰɡ棬ȻǾĿ˷ʽ
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ȻԡʯȫȺûС
ԽԽǿʼȥǰĴ˶ſ󣬵˺ſǾͽϡ
ҰŻСھվԶû˫ĿɽŴҪǷԷֳ졣
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ӲμӹǰǵɹǶÿ˵Ϊ;ֻҪΪ㹻ǿϵϸСҲǿֲģû´Ļ䳬Խ࣬ǵɹķҲԽ󣡡˼ʶ࣬ʱҲǡֵĽ˳
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죡
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ҰдϲһֱûдϢû뵽첻ĺúõأһѾͻƵʦ磬÷ҰҲеЩ⡣
Ұ˼ĳ𣬶񶦵סСڵϢñ˷ʲôٳɽš
ӽɽŵʱȻоһضƴϣĸ˳ľ졢𺣳ˮϣ󽻻һ𣬴ٳ뵽档
ڷҰûɽŵʱ۽ǵⲶ׽һɫӰ˱ֳɫٵصĳңңڷҰЦڿˣ

콾ˣ
Ұһɣǵһ˿Ц⣬ٵûС
С˭Ȼȥˣ̫˼ˣ
κҪȥɽţҲҪУѵ˵СҲ𣿡
һﵹе˼ٺ٣Ȼ콾ǿзֿʱҪ׵ˣ

˶ڶŷҰָָ㣬ǸüĿߺɫжһĨɻƺҲûп͸ǶڸղŽɽŵǸ궼һ˿Ȥ
ãոսǸǷҰ벻ţɷ˸ߵĺ׹ɷɭɭ
ʥ࣬峺ˮĴ۾΢΢𣬵ĵ½ôķܻҲûʲôֵģҲ֪ҵĹ⣬ҿԿҰǴԲУȴ͸СԺҪע
صĵ˵ͷʵã졢ҰͳѾˣǲҲöˣ
ף˿ٵĿɽţ屳ֳһɫıɽһӨţ豳ֳһ׵ľ׵ţҲٵû뵽ɽ֮С


244 Ӣ
һɽߵľͷԶ͵䣬̲滨ݵ׺Ƭɽˮﻨ㣬ϼƮ죬ٲȻһƬɼ硣
뵽ɽ֮󣬷Ұ鶼쳣ʱؿԼ裬֥ʢ֥ء
ҰһƬ͵Ĳݵأݵǵĵ׺Щ֪СŻ洵˸оһֲ
̲ݵվһ꿡壬ÿ˿ص㣬еŮĽģ˶ǶվڲݵϣҲЩȺ˴˷̸ܵš
˵á

Ȼѿռѷ죬߰˸Ů½ƵĴӸ߿׹Щһ󾪺֮󣬾ͿٵĻָƽ⣬䵽һյϡ
ҰովôģƬԶиӵأ֪ŶٲΪ֪ܡ
ҰĿĴתһӾͿ˾ǰԶ졣
ҰģҲԶҰһ۾Ϳ
ȻĻҪӵҳ죬治ʲô׵顣
ҰЦ죬һԵĳҲ˹ȥ
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ǶûôҰ΢Ц߽ոߵʮɿ⣬оŵһŨѪζǴɢģ
һĳҲŵѪζüë΢΢תͷ뷽Ұһۣжһ˿ɻ
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ʱѹͷɻ󣬷Ұ´һ죬ϸĿ˿񣬵ͷЦǶвһԲһʦ붼İ
ЦҲԲڵʱǿսȴҪǿˣڣұΪǿһҲԸϣ
ΪȻĵСӾز¶Ƶͷ˭Ҳ֪׻жٵƣ
磬ûһԽ֮ˣȻּѣ˶ĵ쳣Ŀġ
ҰϸϸĶ쿴˿˸һɫ⻪ɫ΢΢ЩأӣӦ֪ͻƣֻԺĵ·ԽԽխΪַҪͻƵʦ磿
Ұһ۾ͿûѹΪͽͻƣкǲ⡣
첻ںĵе⣬Ҹ˵ĵͬǲеģδزС
ҲȰһ;ɼһЩνĽݾѽĴΪĹ⣬ǧҪסԼķչ츳ʵȴԺĳɾͲΪηҪһʱ
ҡҡͷеĿȴѰļᶨǧһɳʥ˵ûѡҲдѡ·֮ǰҾˣ˺һңʲôѾεĸԼһδεĴһδεͻƼޣҵĵ
Ұͳ˼ᶨҲͲٶԣԣÿһ޿ܣ˵߳һڲͬĵ
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ЦЦȽϲʱ˺޿񱩣Ҿ޴ˡ뺣֮뵽һֳ˿ݹǵ򣬵õһѪĹȻʹӺһ·ɱģϰٴ뵽˻ɽҰ֮Уɱ޶ˣȻȻľѪζˡܰϵѪζȫȥΪضһ̨ף
ҰͳһͬʱҲ쳣𾪣ǿ;еգҲûپվܹڵΪҲǽҡ
ͬʱҰ뵽ͷīĶڲҲ޾ĿݹǣֶǴںħ֮У÷Ұаġ
Ұתͷѯʵˣ޵ǽɫ׵磬һôģʲô
ȻһЦ˵ǲţһ룬нӽһʱ½ȹġ
Ŷô¶Ұ춼Щȡ
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ҿͷɽӥСɽӥԱˣȻڿɾͳһԿݹˣͷɽӥ뿪ʱҰЩСˣҸŪһֻǼһٴηˡ
룬Ҳùɽӥˣȥû뵽뵽һƬ׵֮УӸϵõһʥ䣬ֿ˽һ꣬ŴƬСĳڣٴ˳
ʱﻹ˼ؼҰͳ˴͵½˼һһܣղ콾
ľҲ಻ѣɵĵԭǽѹΪҲ
춼ȵҰϵСһǶϳСڣȴ֪ĸУǸе쳣ϤǵĿⶼ˹ȥ
һţѹСӾǸѷħӥ
鲻İһۣߵô˵أأ
Ҳһ˼Ż飬ӶЩת
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һۣ˵ƭ˵ģǻ״˵ֿԻû̬ļһ
ǻ飬СҲǺǺ棬ڵذˣŷҰ뵽콾Уû˸С
СڣҰصЦЦСһҲʱǿɶˡ
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ҲһŷҰҰӹһĨɫû뵽컹³ˣĵ˵ͷ
˵۾ﶼɢŻȵĹâǿᵽħĿ£Сħгļһ˺档
ҰԶеĸأʱ˵ʱԺлᣬһȫǵġ
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ҰһЦһЩĴ׷ļɹڹȪݣϴһͷĶɱһЩƵˣȻ͵
Ұ˵赭дȴ֪ľô򵥡
ϴһͷĶʱ˵°Ͷ쾪ˣ˴Ĵָ
вϵһ£ܿͻ˺ѹѹ꿡壬һͷ²ʮ֮ࣿ
ѷн˵صԽԽ٣ʱǧɫٴγԶٵ˷ɽ
ж˼ˣʼ


245 
ɫԼǧɣبУһѩɽǣÿһƬƬɢӨӨ⣬˶ͷ­߸߰⿪ϼ˷
Ǹɷİ׷ߴͷֳĿ·ѹѹɨ϶ÿ˵ĶϣأһΨеÿһؽʱ򣬲ſٴξǷһأʱ򣬾Ƕˣ콾Ҳ˿Ԥٴһ䣬ûаյģ˳ü
̲ݵѻȸÿ˵ĿⶼĶŰеλߣûһ˺
ǧŸ˵أ˭ҲԶûʼ˳ȥң˵˭ҲΪԼͱ
һ˵Ĺؿôһ֮Ҳѡ˳һأôҪһġ
׷߾ĵȴһӣĵ˵ͷûһܺã
׷ͣ£ֶ·£һӨĹ·ˣÿ˵жһ鼦СľӨʯʯȫķġ
ҰĦеʯ΢΢ЩȣԸӦʯļӲȫһ޷֮٣
ҰĿӼϵСһɨСһСצҲԶһʯ
鲻ڷҰԺ𣺡ϴ콾Щذȫ޷ûˣֻںбáүģǿҪڵμӿ˰
콾ĵ󣬷Ұüͷ΢壬齻Σգʲô
ȻԻûʥޣҵʵϲʲôΣա齾İͷ­ֵҪΣյĻ˵þҪٴγ˯һʱˡ
Ұ΢΢˿ѻҪСġ
˶еʯʲôģ׷¶һ˿ƵЦݣԼһ˿ɱصһأŻڹŻʮ죬ӵʮ콾ʯΪʤߣֶβޣһ䣬ŻУڶ࣬вڣмλ𣡡
ʲôڣ𣿡
һؾôֲ˳
ģֶβޣڹɱԽ𣿡
Ҳμˣ˳

ʮ˵ȺһƬȻ֮в˶⣬ǿ˰ֱıɱ
Ұ΢΢ЩȻһأ콾ʯͻˢȥųԱټϹŻеΣգ֮УʣµģаɾͲˡ
콾Ŀ飬湻ݵģ
׷ߵĵףȻƵᣬȴ̺һԵѹõó˲üžһƬ
׷ߵĿ˪ĸ·ˣĮĵжõ콾ʯѾǽ˵һأʱ˳ЧǴӹŻʸǼػ˳Żรɣ
׷һӣ˽µ̲ݵغȻѿһ죬˵ľУ˶·׹䡣
Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬲ݵϵǾͳ׵ʧƬҲٴλָ̲Ļ
ɫͷ׷ߣһ㶯һؾǽŻ˵ǲ̫һЩ
׷ߵ˫ǿհ䣬Ȼ˵ѱȵ죬һԶʹˢȥʣµģҲؽ࣡
Ҳԣʱ򣬰ɳʹ˵в˲˽Ϊ˾𣿡ɫ࣬һŮ˵
׷߻ҡҡͷΪ˾ϸ˵ÿ϶һֿŵˣǿߣһδѰʥż澳裬ɵ컯֣ң˵пܻΪɻҡ
شҸЩһѧԱʲôϵɫ⡣
׷߽͵Ӣۣո¶ͷǵˣΪǿ󣡸˱иˣ콾һδ棬Ҳڲϵ׳Լˡλ콾ǿǱҲÿ콾ǱҲ˥һЩĳµ콾̫࣬ǵҲͿߵͷˣ
ɫƶǶĵ˵ͷȻǻ᲻רɱȡ˵ˣ
׷Ƶⶫ׽͸һλĳλ콾֣Ҳ˵һɱ似˵ֶιŽ񺱼ֻɽֱסλܷ̫ˡɱ˶˿ԣɱֻһδεˡȺСһв˶дйŻǿߣҲɱǡ
ɫ¶һ˿Ȼ׷ʵ˵вʹ˵Ĵ˶ˣҲоĴ˲δѵǾͲôǿԵ𣿡
׷ƵЩԵˣЩͨߵˣе˳ȻķչЩڵȴʱԶȡˣȵȡԵѡͬѡĶԴضˣ˭˵
֪࣡ɫĻг𾴡
Ҳϸ˵ġ׷ɷǣɫһ𣬽ûС
ʱ򣬷ҰѾ׹뵽һƬУе콾ʯһӱһɾ޴ȫڣγһ͸Ĺ֡
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ˣ
콾ʯ϶Ȼҫ۵ĹâҰǰһһƬε£һСĿռѷ컺ʧСѾ֪ȥʲôطҲʧӰ١
ڸ߿գҰһֻ벻ĸоĿû̫񷶼ɢɵİ׹⣬һӰԶĴֳ͸콾Щơ
·ĵ޾ɽ࣬ӱڣľ죬޺һͷ͸һĵϢ
һʥͿٵС磡ʮ﷽ԲҰԺһͷ
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һ޴ֻͫӥֻצصײǸŮϣŮֵİɫһҵĲͫӥצȻǲδƣ
Ůɫһ԰ףϳ˿־壬лһ˿ҡ
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Ұ𾪣ƬЩͬΪѹ쳣ԲʿҪշУҲҪżѹ

һĲҽʧȥ콾ʯķոǸŮͫӥһ˺Ϊ룬ƬʬͫӥץɽѪ
ҽĻһأʽˣ


246 Ѫȿ
ô꣬콾ַ˽ˣǣʢ翪ʼˣһۻĿЦһͷƽɵľʨƶˣһţԲʮɵնȥʮûзӦŮʨһ¡
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ƽʨɴСë˸ҫ۵Ľ⣬ݺƼֱһİ˸ĵĹ󣬸һǿѹȸС
ҰһһϢİɽһͷϢЩƣҲһͷ޻ƽʨѪޣ
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ңңȥһͷɴСĺڻ𣬶ͷϵһëϹǡһϰԵġ֣ϵ嫡
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ҰٵɽУ϶һĨأЩ
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ҰһƬȻŻʮ֮УΪߵҲʦڣ⼸ͷϳ֣˭Եֵס
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ҰԺиֳһµĲ²⣬ѵ콾òμӿ˵ĵι⼸λ
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Ȼ˵ͷ϶ûжȫҲһԲʿԵֵסġ
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ȻǵսǿҲԲҳȥѰЩĻֻʱѹ£Ժͬ콾ȥ档
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콾˽˵Ҳƣ콾Ҫ߼ͷĥµӣ콾⼸ͷЭ顣
뵽ҰٷһЩɲԸĴ
ȻǼڰɱƬ̣ÿ϶ӿֳһĨѪɫ֣ԲʵŭһԷصԼ֮Уھ·Ӵܵ˶
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ոȻǼͷɱ˺üˣǶʮ˵Ĵ˵ǾţһëΪ콾ʯ֮Ҳʼ໥ɱ¾ѪȵϢ
ڳɱĻУȽӴģߡ
һɽУһɫ԰׵ĺֳһɫƣͷ󺹵ĵֵһĿ񵶣Ѿ˵ۣۼ͵ֵסˡ
ͷǸҲ׵ķϣĵλѣҸ׿ԽɽĸһҿԷҵһ
һеâէ֣񱩵ĽնΪΣӺʬһöָһûõĶܿҵ콾ʯԼĴָ֮УûɽС

Զһ峺Сӱ߱ߣһòŮΪ˶ܱһ׷ɱɫŵ뵽˺档
˲両ֳһƬѪ죬һ޴ˮ︡˳ɨ˰һۣٴûȥ
һûиϵӱߵĻѸֹɫò԰һƬ˺ͷһӰͷǹѾȥһѪɫĺ̵ĺԽ

һСɽϣһŰ۵ʬһƬľУһͨ콾ʯߵΪ߻ѧ˼Ҵۣ
ڴһ콾ʯʧԶ

һӢ˵İ͸һɰƣӿѹһ׳˶꣬ĵ콾ʯҲɱ㣡
׳˶걻ѹȵ˫ϥأг˿־壬æó콾ʯ˹ȥ
ӹ콾ʯȥ˿Ǹ׳˶ꡣ
Ǳ˵Ǳ壬Ǹߺ׳˶Ҳû

һƬľɽУһŮһСӣĵ磬ҿǸˣһɣȻǿܶ
ðһҲһǾˡСӺЦЦ
ŮɫϲЩԥվԶСӡ
СؿڣЦİɣȻңһȥģ
СӵĿοŮĽĲżһЩСϣչЦǸˣˣҵĺȥȲԼȹȥ콾ʯɡ
аûСЦĺܿġ
ŮС˵Żһ޵ĺ⣬һӰɫļ׶˲СԺ

һʯŮĿɿڴСӣȫ޷ţԾ۳ļ׶ȻСӵƤû˺ƣ
ǸòСתŮϸ۾г˸ӵɫ̾ϢĵīӰõ콾ʯ練ƣϼͷΧҲܱϧ㲻öҳֵģ
Ůɫ䣬ͫ׽ŴƯϹ˻ںޣϢĵȥ
С̾һŮ֣һöֶָУӰԽԽʧС

һɴİŮҡһƬƬڴСѩУÿһѩжðһ񽣣ķ·
ʮҽһѩ³񽣸һöָϰգŮѰһſ콾ʯĮ콾ʯˣҲǸооС֮ˣԺҿСʱõš

һͷ췢Ŀһλҽſ콾ʯааЦһɡ콾ʯ֣ҲǸ˺ϼƺϼˣܷһͷ𣡡

ƬŻУÿŸʽɱ¾ŻжƮһ˿Ѫζ
μ콾󿼺˵ʮӵУڵˣҲмڵˣ϶ǸľӢӣ׿ԽӶࡣ
ȺˣЩҪˮ㣬ЩҪԼЩǱô˵Ҳǵ׵ļһ
ҲԼ淽ʽеĴⲻˣҸεĵطͲ׼ʮ˵еĳã׼콾ʯͶȻҲпɱǡеı˴ϣ˳ֻ֣֮˶ŶԷɱ¾Ȼڼ
ںԲˣȻڵһʱұΪ͵ɱеļƲþֱӽ콾ʯǿӵһеĽ콾ʯ֮ҲˣͽκΡ
ϵˣÿ˵ʵԶչʾΪֻҪһЩرѲĴȡʮ콾ʯҲѡ
Щ콾ڵһʱռʮ콾ʯȻƬŻ߶ţϣܹҵһЩмֵĶ
Ұʱûж˳֣Ѱ˸ߴĹľʵ˼콾顣


247 ضԱ
콾ĵſ˶ǶһСˣļһﶼˣС磬жٸ
Ҳѹ֣һһﶼ޷֮ûĴ˵Ƭ綼ᱻƷ
콾ǼͷĴɱ¾࣬ҰȻȣȴû̫ķУǸ̫ɽ겻ӳˣ
ſйأνĻÿ˵ʵ
ǷҰǸ̫ɽһһͷգҰҲаտԴͷѣȻܹѣҲǸõȥ
أһؾҪǿˢȥų֮࣬о³˻ȡ콾ʯɱ˵ġ
μӿ˵ʮЩ˻һֱʮ֮ջģǷ񻹻һˣ
һ˵Ҳ̫ѪЩ
ңŽǵһأ
ҰаԸп쿼˵ʱ򣬾Բѣμӿ˵ҲԶϺüǷ˺üʢ
ڷҰԸпʱһɫ۵ӰٵĴԶ˹ڷҰļ̌ͣͷľϣִһɫâ¶һĨЦɣ

Ұֻ̧һ۵Ľɫɵ֦㼸£ƮȻǰ
Ǹߴΰ꣬沿Ӳʣ˫üޣĿ˸һĨ˵ķâԹ
ҰûԼϢҲеϹ˼ȥ˵ģǱģǿɾ͹ֲˡ
ߴͷ촽Ѫĵɱ˰˸ˣټģ콾ʯʹչˣ콾ʯξٳɻȫʬ
Ұ˫üһ¶һ˿Źֵ΢ЦһﵹǻͦİһѾۼ˾ſ콾ʯԼõĻʮ콾ʯҲǴչˣǸմǷ˸ͷ
ҰƽŶ棬Ц콾ʯ㲻
Ұ˵ߴ¶һĨȣ˫нӿֳһĨɫâϸĶŷҰƬ̣ɫ粻
ոնط̽ҰΪ𾪵ǣȻûп
ҰǰʼһſƵģ޷Ұ״ں־磡
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ξٳɺ޺޵Ķ˶ţͷߣĵ죬Ҿȷһϣ
ξٳѪɱȴûͷԵˣǰ͸˵Щ£˵ؿ˵ĵʮ֮࣬ǲҪðյĺá
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ξٳӿֳһĨײеɫɫŷҰҧгݵĵСӣʶ̧٣Ҳ㣬ֻǲܾ֮ãɱ㣡
Ұйž޲ƽĵƾ㣿޷Ҹˡ
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һΪҶ峾ԭֻǸСɫȻҾͳȫ㣡ξٳɿЦһºݺݵһжȻһ˸ɫս꣬ͷڷҵƮţһǳҰ
Ұ϶Ȼӿֳһɽӵƣһ̤գƬնžҵĲ¡
Ұ̤ԼֳһͷɽʥԳӰҰŴҲֳɽӰصĲ̤ξٳɵɫսϡ
飡
һƵ촫ɫս⻪һžȫȥܿƵķɻصξٳɵڡ
ҰȥƲһŲڻƽӴĹϣƽӵĹֶȵһҲѣûв֡
ξٳ˫Ŀг˾ǰİԵƱЩ콾Ҳ˿ҿԼƽһ׸߼Ȼ治һԵֵס
ξٳɰҵʱ򣬷Ұٴ̤һµնʼѿռѷ죬ƽ־ҵĲ£ͳ׵ʧȥ
ƽӰһһɫ⻪ٵûξٳɵڡ

ξٳŭһֳһͷ˺ɫۼ׵ĿʨѸٻ۵ڣұѸٸһɭɭۼף˸źڽɫĹģ飬ҰĴš
꣡
ξٳȭͷϵۼ׽ϣһ·ļϣڲĹɴȵôѣĴ࣬Ѫģ
ξٳɵǶߵķһĵɶأһ·ʺѪҺײһɸߵľ޴ľֹͣ
ξٳվٴγǰķҰеĸܵһԿѹæĴе콾ʯ㣬һ
֮ξٳæӴָȡſ콾ʯõ֣ſ콾ʯǰĿյϣʹһ˿ŨԹ
ҰξٳɣĵĺܣԹ̫أ㲻á㿪ҲǸҿԸսĻᡣ
ȥɣξٳɴһٴγǱɫս꣬ХųҰսųâ
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ɫսҲһڵҪڷҰǰԱ˵ҲǸС鷳
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Ұȫ˸ҫ۵Ļƽģอ϶֣ᣬնգսոշŹ֮ʱصĺսϡ
ս껹ûüԱͱҰһ»ϣһ׹
ԱΪΪȼڵĴÿһ˿ȼĵÿһȼÿһƵۣȼÿһʣһ˲䱬ǿƻԱʦϵĻҲЩơ
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ʿԱǵȼȫѪһУɵƻֲ󣬵Ǳɱ˲ǧУҲ޷ٶκΣ
ңҪԱҲҪǿΪܹõȽԽ߼ԱʱҪΪԽǿԱҪʱҲξٳûѡԱƽӵԭ
ֻǣҰ׼ԱʱֵˣûУ
Աʱ䲢Աǰ֮飬ʹԱģҲˣ
Ұһͷ̫Žڰ㻮գξٳǰݻһƽƣڷҰǰ͸ֽƵģ׵˺Ƭ
ξٳɾĿУҰչֱۣһξٳɸովۣڶ»ξٳɵţ»䣬ξٳ˶ը⡣
һƽСӴξٳɵʬϸֶҰ̧ƿռ֮Уֽſ콾ʯ𣬿ʧԭء
ʮ콾ʯ׾ͼˣҲǸ̽Сİˡ
ǰŸոȥһͷʦֻʣһ֮󣬾ٴγ𣬸ط


248 
ŻǸʥͿС磬嫣ʮ﷽ԲɽءƽԭĮȵһӦȫ
ԼʮӵܽŻĹŻ֮УҲԵӵ
ңв˶Ѿ޻˵УҲв˶ĳطû¶ͷŻиԵϡˣʱʮضһˡ
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ƹһƬŨܵɽ֮Χ޽ϡƬɽԵüž࣬ţԼԸܵһȵϢ
ҰԾ裬ɽͷ֮һѵĻɫӳǰﱼӿҽѣӱߵж˸޵Ļɫģ·һ̫ž׺ب
źԶҰֹǰɲԶɫӡ
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ϸӦ£ҰеľɸǸȴ̺ΰҲ׿
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ӰȥһƬ֣ͿʲôӶʧӰ٣ԵùŹֶ졣
Ұ˫ɫ⻪˸УƬƽϡȥ¶˱ò
һѵĻɫӣһƵǰѳɾȦŲ㣬β⣬ͷڣǰһɫԲ̶
飡ɱ֣Ұһսȭͷг˼ɵַ˷ܹ
ؼ޾Īĵط඼Ȼγɵģе̲Եе޾ɱ
ƽŻĳʥͿٵС磬Ҳв٣ЩظָصֶΣЩҲ޷ȫ̽
ǰĸ֣еһ֣ҰǲƶҲ޷͸Ƶ֡
ܹĸӦ״ĳ̺ҲܹӦ³Ǹɫ̶ĳǷ֮ȻԵ
ҰһƬȣҪĻ룬ô׵飬впܽԼճޡ
ȻĻҲţôҲûбá
Ȳ˵ˣٸ޶Ӧ֪һصĵططɴڣΧһƬţͿƲӱȻſµɱ
ҰŴ˴ãջǾðһԡ
źԶҰͳſԼ󣬹ľ죬ϣˮкŴӷħеõǿ飬һǰ
վڻ״ҽӱߣΧĸ£ɨ˷
¶Ȼ㲻̫ߣ㲻ΪҰҲȫԵֵסΪ˰ȫȻֶξû˿Ĵ⡣
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̤룬ҰһƬУһƬƣʱشӸѵĵطдܳһ棬ӿȼš
һ̤룬뵽һУ֮ĿյضʧΧһжȼţʯͷȼա
Ұ侪ң˫вɫ⻪Χ潥ˣ֮Ŀյٴγǰ
˵֮ĿյҲ˵ѺۣȴԶȸղǹɾҪԵúõöˡ
ǰ˸ոհ·ҰͼһʮɴС޹ǲкǰſڻӱߣӵİعǺȫʧֻʣϰء
ʣİزйУȹǴͷĹǴ̣Өȴ˵Ѻۡ
һͷΪǿޣжϣһͷһͷڣȻڸոս˵ؾҰԾ衣
ҰоǿӿһɵĹ⻪סǰС
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Ұ뵽߲ʱΧ¶һأҲоЩ̸С
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ݣ
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һֻߴСĻɫ㣬ѾҧأǰԶѪҺȻȫǻ档
ҰȵŽµƬʬһͷոϮɱǹƣѾ˿ʦ
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սҰ͸еƤһʹ黤ƤҲһּѵĸо
Ұ΢ӵеӿˮı֮鲼˲оˬࡣ
ҰſʼĴȻӱһƬ޴ĻҽѪȼպĻҽҽлаرεĵУĳҪĻȴ
ಣ
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ߵΪѾʦڵǿ߲ˣǷҰҲ޷һ֮١
ҰϣȭȭͷٴθֳһԵӰصĺڻϣߺ˿˿ϵյڡ
ڵڰ˲ιҲҰһһɱž̤뵽˵ھŲ֮С
ǻֵλãǰ׺λڣΧĿյȻȫȼյĻ棬ܹȼգ÷ҰֿҲе쳣ĳ
Ұ˾룬ԱƵͷ­ǰϸͷŽɫҽ

һɫӻӵггԵƾ춯أ֮񱩵ĹҰ
սѾϵʦڵǿˣ
Ұɲʲô⣬һʱ佫ϵħڣˮ似ӵ˼£ֳһͷ޴ĺɫӰϵĸǰ
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Ȼӻǰһɫ̶֮гһֻѻԼС㣬ë貵Ļƽɣ˸ƹԡ
⾹Ȼһͷڣ
͸ƣԸϵʦԲǿߣ
ҰһٵĳϵĺɫâʧתɻɫâֳһֻӾ޴ڣڻ裡


249 ̫
飬ɱ֣ڵһɫ̶УȻһͷ̫Žڣ÷Ұϲ
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Ұӻѧ̫ŽڵĽл̫֮ŽڣһƬȣǡÿ̫Ž֤ԼĽ
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ڻȼ޾棬նյŤƳգųĻ⣬׺ɱҰ
ҰϵķȼƵģҫ۵ĳ̶˿ڶɱĽڻ飬չ֮ᣬǱһͷ̫Žڣն죬»ȪԵޱȡ
Ұڻ鲻ϵƴɱƵ֣ڻë׷׵䣬ҰҲڻ˺ѪۣѪҺӨ
Ұں˾ϵħ֮ڻ֮ĲѾ̫ԣΪ˸̵ĸһĵҰ似ãֻýӦͷڻ顣
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ڣΪ˵е̫֮ͣ󿪴ϣԾ¡
ҰڻԾԼԺǸӡǶʼ
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ڻȼſҵĻƽ棬Ȼһ־޴Ľɫ̫͸Ĺ÷ҰһĿäĸо
ʱҰڵǸӡǹƵľҲ£ڷҰԺг𺳵һĻһͷɽڻգϸһֽɫ̫磡
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ҰٺˣӴľϸĹ۲ͷڻĶٴγһͷյĽڣݻĽڱȸոյƶǿһ࣬ϣӭڻ顣
ҰϵĺˣϵĻһͷͷĽڻսú˫ּɳĽڴɽڻǰСƵġ
ڻĶԿУҰҲڸսգŽǰĽڻΪ飬յڡ
˽ڻ飬ҰԵϢʱƾ޸ŽĿٴתƵǰĽɫ̶ϡ
۲죬ҰҲ׵ıһѣɫҺ壬Һ壬Һ֮Ļ棡
뵽ոճͷڻ飬ҰͷһƬȣ²ⲻĻһ̶еĻ治ǱģǾŴе̫
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·̫Ļ̶ҰһƬȣϵʥȻ٣ڻûĴ㡣
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չ󣬻̶Ͽյȫʧ̶׻ָƽ
֮󣬻̶ҰĴӻ̶ڶû˿ķ˸Щ̶е̫ȴû˿Ӱ졣
գҰڵ̫Ѿױˣ
ʱҰڷ٣Ө˶˸Ѥñ⣬ÿһ缡ж̺Űΰսһ㾲ڻ̶Ͽա
Ұǰ˹ȥȭͷ֮ƬնŤţԼ˿˿Ŀռѷ졣
Ǵ
̫еĴҰоǿȣѾԽʦԲ
ҰĹЦΪԼһɫ˫ּ·һ̫۵Ļ̶ŲƵƿռ֮УȻ߳


250 ʥҩϢ
ҰӯĴӻɱ̬֮߳쳣ʡ
֮أ˽ڸյĹսһ̫˼µĵزǵõ˶̫𣬷Ұһ˵г̣Ƿǳġ
⣬ڹŻƬС磬ҰȤˡ
ƬϹʥͿ٣޾£ݻʲôڣ¾ǵʥҲ֪˭֪Ŷܣ
뿪֮أҰһɽּߣٲǻŹŻƬСвͬĴ
뿪صĵڶ죬Ұһɽ˸ˣǸߴ꣬ͷɢͭɫļϲʱһصɫƣ˫ɫ׵󣬸һɼѹȸС
׾죡
ڷҰ׾ͬʱ׾Ҳ׾ȻûԤϵҰ΢΢£Цֱ
ԭ֣û뵽㣡ҰǺЦңңк
Ұɫ쳣ƽֻȴ˾衣
Լ뿪Ƴ֮ǳɱĻָʹ֮һǾŲ֮ǰǱżڵˣ׾ҲڳҰұ֤һ׾µ֣Ҳġ
׾죬вμǴξŲ֮۾ۻˣȫŵġ
ӦѾ콾ʯɣ׾ɡ
ҰЦҼˡ
׾˰֣ЦͲǫˣҵʵʮ콾ʯ̫ġˣϢ˵û﷢һʥҩȵԨ̫ɽԼҶտѩҹңˣȫһԭʼɽ˹ȥ
ʥҩҰӹһĨȡ
ʥҩ컯飬ƬҲ̬ÿһ̬ʥҩϡ٣ֻһЩ𼶻ߴ˵ôһ꣬ѵŻУһ겻ɣ
׾֣صĵͷǵģʥҩ
ʲôطҰ׷ʡ
׾ңԶĵڸս˵صʱһͷݺգӦҲ˰ɣһͷʷˣǸĵطʷ
Ұüëһһ
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ҰƬ̣Ȼ﷢ֵʥҩôģε֪ģ
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Ұ΢΢üͷɻ׿ԣҪ𣿡
׾ɫŹֵĵǣңһʥҩԼʥҩĵص㣬Ȼ뿪ˣûǰȥҲûֹǰȥ
Ұ˼ǰʲôģҪ㹻콾ȥͷʷ˵ʥҩıʥҩ֮£Ǽ٣
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Ұ׾죬֣ôģ
׾˫Ŀй⻪вޣѾ˼ѣīӰǰȥ̽ˣȥӦˣĴ֣Լƻʱǧ֮һɽۣһеīӰ˵
Ұϸ룬Ҳûв²ﵽôģټʥҩҲһ˿룬׾һȥȿīӰ̽ʲôϢ˵
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ƬŻû̫ʱƬɢɰ׹⣬ҹʱ͸һĻ谵ûҹġ
ۼɫڣҰҲͲˣֱ׾ԵǴɽȥ
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īӰߵ׵ģԼȴҲ治
ԺͳҲ뷽Ұ̸ҰҲЦһһӦ
ɶھŲ֮۾ۻˣҰϮǴΣҰҲȫΣԲԹɫȴҲδܿ˭ʲôԾֿ˭֣÷ҰҲ޷ȷ˭µ֡
ԵĽܣҰ֪ʦ̽ʱģһѩɣһǧ֣ܹڶʮͽʦ磬Ҳ츳ˡ
ոս꣬˶ԼͬԶֻ׾̤ɫ׶
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ŮȻɴ¶ü֮ҲܿɫӨϾǣ޳ɣɴ֮±Ȼһǵ˶
λõˣ׾Ц
īӰЦеӭȥ׾챳ǸŮ֮Цݶʱһ£ƤЦⲻЦĵ׵ģ㱾ͦģô˶ܱҵˡ
׾¶һĨԵõɫЦǣǷӣλ򻨹ȵĽӣǿɶͨɫڣǵİҲһЩ
СŮīƣλѡŵ֮ȴһ˽⣬Ůԡ
ҰٵתƵӡȴȵķ֣ͲʲôȻĹ似ɤ
̬ɣ
ŮҽܣҰ΢ҲīѵīӰʲôϵɣ


251 
ȵԽֽһ֮׾ֱ⣺ī֣̽ôˣʥҩ֮£Ƿʵ
īӰݵʷһͷ𣬾Ҳ̫رԵ̽¡һ죬طͷʷˣȴȻδ̽ʥҩϢ
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Ұĳ˿ҺһЩ
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ǧ΢죬أԲĵʲô
׾Цڶ콾Ƿ˭ûм£Ƕ޷Ӧʲôһ֪ʥҩʷ
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Ļ䣬īӰͽӿڵѴҶһѣһıͷϿɲģҿǻǸһˮ㣬ȥϴĶɡ
׾īӰһۣⲻΪ˰𶴸пûʥҩڣСϲΣյط꣬Ƿʲô裿
ҰһЦʵǿͷ˭ҲѡԼѡ֣ȫƾԸңʱǶֵʱҪ֣Ҳõȵʮ޿쵽ʱĻǼڳҲһĻᡣ
īˮ۲ɨīӰһۣŵĵռĶҲϲʥҩ󣬽ȥʷ￴
ҰЦҲʥҩȤŽȥһɡ
Ҳ׷ױ̬ѩɺǧ֮⣬˶ѡȥʥҩڵأīӰҲѡȥʥҩ˾ֵ
˰ҹָ˰ҹ·ȵǸϵʷʱɫѾʼˡ
Ѱ˸εɽȾʱͣʱзҰīӰīơ׾졢ԡˣǼ˻һҲһɲСˡ
ҰҲֱΧ̽Χ͵֣ԶȺɽ֮䣬һɽҪߴͩΣգϼңңͿɿһʹ⻪УӦþֻʷˡ
ոտʷصıԵλãҰĵо͸еһȣԺеȸӡҲһ
Ұг˾ϲ֮ɫа˳ɰտԿ϶ʷ˵֮УȻһʥҩҾǻϵȸʥҩ
ȸȸӡ˵ȸʥҩҲЩô÷Ұг˻ȡ
ͬʱĵҲЩɻ󣬻ܹô϶˴һʥҩѵǹ
Ĵ˭Ҳҽʷ˵ȥ̽Ұ΢Ӧһ£ٴηصǸεɽС
ʷ˵֮⣬Ȼ˲ٵ콾ҰӦҶϢӦ˼˵Ϣ峾ҹң졢Ԩ˶ڰУһЩ˵Ϣ
Щ˴ԲļһҲмɢʦеϢһĲμӿ˵ԱЩ⣬Ƕʮµ꣬඼Ƕʮ꣬ʦҲ̫١
ſ˽һٽʷΧ콾ҲԽԽ࣬Ҳкüʮȴûκ˳ϸĸӦһ֮ҲǷӦʲôĬĬĵȵʱ̵ĵ١
Żط֮Уʿ֮ɱ¾Ѿݻ˰ȻĽ׶ΣΪʮ콾ʯƴɱţʷΧȴ͸һɱǰѹ֡
˵УٴһЩʮڵˡ


252 ʥҩ֮
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ಣ
һΰԶٶüޣڷ·һжɽӡ
˸һֳӰΧͿʼֳƻõĳХ죬Хɽӣɽѣ׵ݺᣬǳȵȣеķ·֮Ƶġ
Ҷ
ڴǶЩ㵣˭ҲҶȻײʷˣ
Ҫ֪ʷ˿һͷ𰡣ҶԴ˵еƶ࣬Ҳܸһͷͻɣ
˲ĿУҶϵԽԽǿһŻƲǣһǰĳʷˡ
иСӳ嵽Լĵ̣ʷ˲ϲ콾Щÿһ˵ûԹأСӳԼأ൱ڸԼӲͰ
ʷХһ˻ҶԼϵСӺݺݵ˺飡
ʷųһҫ۵ʹ⻪߶ӳѤһƬδ˳ͻȻ̧ͷ죬ĥ̴С۾¶һ˿𾪵ɫ
˳ʷ˵Ŀȥոտʼ֪ʱѾһƬīĺƲ㣬Ʋ׹Զӿѹ䡣
٣ʷ˷һĺԼͷ֮ǰ˲Σٵĳ˳ȥ
֮ʱǿ鱻ٸӦĻǶɽҪɽ٣ӦҲҪɽ٣ңٵҲɱϷ
ʷ˲ֵĻҶ׽ٻ֮٣ֻᷭʷҲؽɽ٣Ҷɵ֮٣Ҳᷭ
Ҷڴ˵еٷҲаտ԰Ȼȹʷ˿ɾûʲôˡ
ɽҲͼʱ飬ҶҲƺ˵ģɽϵʱҲƬС¿ʱ򣬾ŭҲлӵ硣
ӵ磬Щ֣Ҳû˿Ӱˡ
Ҷ쳣ţܿͳ嵽ʷһ޴ͩϿգЦ״ħ
䣡
һɫ׽ٺХ£Ҷһȭ飬˿˿׵֮ӿڣٵš
Ҷӵۣܹȷе֪ʥҩڵλãɽ֮ʱεռʥҩϿգҪԼ٣ȡʥҩñ̫֪Ļ֦
ˣҶӵۣԿʥҩľλã׽סʷˣʥҩᱻȥ֪Զ˭һһӰʷ˵سңң޴ͩϿյҶ
׽ֹʷˣҲôϧҶĶ̫ˣ׾ҡͷ̾Ϣһͭӽ׺еҶ
վéӲʺīӰν黯ȥٱԵʱ׼֡
ֹҶ۾͸һɱǵϢ
˶ڱҶĶ޷ƽʱ򣬷ҰȴҶϿյĽƣг𾪡
һƬ߲ɫĽƣɫĽںصƲöӦľˮϵεѹ䡣
Ҳ˵Ҷϵ򣡶ңÿһϵѾﵽһּĵز
˭һڣҲкܴѹġ
ҰսѪڣԽǿ󣬶˵Խսԣ
ȸʥҩҰҲλãһɽҪߴ֮ͩУǱӡ˵Եʣ͸ӦʥҩϢ
ٳʱļҲУʷλãžȻĸܵĵҰһŶɽ٣ֱǲҪˣ
ڣʷҲµҶͼԶŭѣſڷһɵ࣬뿪ҵĵط򣬵ʧұȻὫ˺ɷ飡
ĻΪĳʮ߰Ů˵תȴһɱ֮
Բӣط㶼סˣֻǽüʱûҪô档İɣȵɽٽһطģұ֤Ҷ׽ٲŸոտʼʱ뱩¶ʥҩҪסʷˣٿҪʱȡʥҩ
ʷŭХȴͲҳٵķΧ֮ڣҪǣҲ뱩¶ʥҩ
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ǶҪˣĻ㾡ܹãҶĮ쳣
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챳ֳһֺɫ̫̫ڽ裬˻һ⣬ٵĳ嵽ǣҶƺǸӦĴڣû˿ı仯
󣿡Ҷŭ֮ɫʱҲ˲ñ¶ˣʽĽײܲʣٵʥҩڵس˹ȥ
䣡
ڰжԺһƴӿ˷۶ϴƬ֦ͩɡ
ţһ𣬽ӳͨ죬ٶδסŨҩѸٵ
һĺɫͩϣԼСͨɢλðĺɫɺ̶ɵƵġ
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ȸʥҩԭʷﻹ걦ѹΪô죡ͫƽʨ𶯲񷣬һ⣬ٵ߳˹
ƬоȻȸʥҩôҲҪһɷ쳤Хһһ˴
ʥҩٺ٣ıﰡڱصãͫ̾ЦҲ
ͬʱԶҲ߸˭Ҫһ
ʷ˾ŭӣû뵽˽µļӡŪˣһ𶼻ӦȸʥҩϢƾ޷Ӧԣ
ʱҶѾҵսһ˶ҪڶԷ֮ǰȡȸʥҩ
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ãҶͬʱ˽ſ˼£Ķסȸʥҩ
ţҶݻһֻȸȸʥҩݻһֻڳȸݻȸʥҩҪȸʥҩյԼС
ȸʥҩҪˣͫƽʨźԶʹ˹ǿϢӼλٶ
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Ȼˣͬﻹǲֵķݶ


253 зЧӦ
ٲ־ûˣʱ쵽ˣһѣиʦǿ̲ס֮С
䣡
δȸʥҩʵƲоͶȻһ޴Ľף˺Ѫ׹䡣
յĽƷĸˣףӲĽ˺
һڣҶͷĽһҶϣҶҲǱٿȸʥҩ
ƾһˣ޷ʷ˿⣬ȸʥҩˢһ·ɳٵķΧʷ˼ٷȥ
ȸʥҩɳٷΧ˲䣬׼ֵ콾ڵһʱȸʥҩ׷׶ȸʥҩ֡
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ˣ
һƬĻڲϣҹңīӰضʷ˿ƵƬ̹򣬶óҹĻõīӰĶ΢΢һЩԼȴԸٶȸʥҩ
ʱ򣬲ǣжȸʥҩʿȫӲͬķ˹
Ұ˲ñ¶Լĵƣһʱͽϵħ뼺ҵһ˺ƿһڴ󶴣û˽ȥ
һ󲨶ҰӰһȸʥҩԱ˳𺣳˫ֽӡһͷ˸貽ײҹңץȸʥҩ
ڷҰ赲ҹңʱһӢǷ걳ֳһֺɫ̫ɢһɰȸʥҩԼõ÷Ұץ˸ա
׾ӿֳһƬɫ׵һƬƵӿ˷סΧգһϵкХӢȸʥҩ
һŰɫȹŮֳܸââ㽻֯۳ƬɢɭȻѩʾŹ֮ƼٵıţͷӢȫк
죬ʸֳһ޴ֺģͨɢűɫ̩ɽѹ֮ȸʥҩ
īƻһ˸ɫ滨·ʥҩ
ܻûһֵֻľ޴ֳȸʥҩΧݺݵץȥ
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ңȸʥҩѾ˵ľ˭ҪȸʥҩԵĴռУҲ޷
ڣֻƾʵӲˣֻȸʥҩһ˿ᣡ
Ƭ̵ĹʷҲعˣ֪ʥҩĴڣǼͷԶڿٵĿţðôСʥҩ⣬׵ıŭˡ
ʷХһȻֳһʰ쵵ľ޴ͩ·ԳŲ죬޴õ˵󶼾ҵĶţʱĿܡ
ţʷɴС֦ͩпٴţƬ̵ĹͩϾͲʷ˵Ӱÿһͷ϶ɢſֲϢ޷һͷģһͷǷ
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һַǳߵʷ˱ƵĳױŭˣŲΪĵĻǧ򣬿񱩶ҵĳˣҪЩ֮ǰ½ȸʥҩ
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Ұڼʶ˵еĹսʵƲ㶼þҷݣΧһЩʯúХ𣬾޴֦ͩΧ콾Ҳв˶Ϣݡ
ʷ˱ѾΪʱ׵壬ֱӱѪˣŵȸʥҩҲѿڶϷ
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Ȼ˻ʥҩͫƽʨ£ɶ񣡱ɵ࣬ҴҵĶǻΪ˸۵ģ
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˳ʱȥϴĶˣ
ͫƽʨŭХ񷣬ȸʥҩҲܲˣμ˸ʧԶ˲ƿٷضȥˡ
Ǻɷͫ̾ЩɻͫƽʨӰδʧ۾еɫҲˣͫ̾ͰʥҩԼĶɷĶȴûʲôöȻٵĳȸʥҩ
ڶ콾ϲͷߵĲˣֻʣºɷ˵ʷˣǵѹҲСöˡ
ֻǣ˶ףʱ䲻ˣ
ˣ
ȻؼһĨ貵ĽɫâһչյĽɫӭһĽɫģ·ɫ֮һƵģԲǧ֮ڵĿռ䶼ھҲţ͸һɰܡ
ھ޴Ĵ£Ӣնɫ죬齵


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ڽɫ£˶оͷѹһɽƵģȸʥҩķҰǱһ̫ž׸סˣһƣѹķҰ޷ǰֺ
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Χս
̫죡̫е̫죡߰λ콾ЩֹͣеĶʷ趯Ľɫġ
ʲô̫죿̫Ҳó𣿡ҲһЩԶĲš
ɣ̫ɽԲ̫ģңǼҲӲӦе˱Żɵ̬񷡣
ԣܲӦеܣֻ̫ķƷһʥҶ֪ʱѾ׽٣ۣʵ
Ҷ׽ʷˣöȸʥҩȴƻˣʱѾȹ׽٣׵ʦ磬Ҳٵĸ˹һ
˶ףҶ׽ٶѾˣ˵˵ޣѾ쵽ˣ
˺𶼲ɵ˿ÿ϶һѤĹ⻪Ϊе£˽ɫݵʥѹƣĳȸʥҩ
Ұȸʥҩͺܽһ΢ɼɫ⻪˲Ϣȫһ̫ʥһѽȸʥҩֱС
ҰһʱҪȸʥҩƿռ֮Уžɫ䡣ʱȸʥҩϲ˶ʮӴľлһʷ˵ģһ϶ʥҩȻ˿δ
˲ĵ飬Ѹٵĳ嵽ΧצĳڽȸʥҩķҰ
ಣ
Ƭնһɫɫ촩ĳ嵽ȸʥҩ棬˶ԸϽࡣ
ХҰܵľŵȸʥҩֻȴвʡ
Ѹٳ죬ʶԽȻ뵽˾ǵľ֮УԷת켴ı仯
ƲĽ÷ҰЩ𾪣ȸʥҩ룬ֻҪֿܵסϵʥȻˣǣȸʥҩȻ¶ϳأ
ڣҰҲˣ֮ȫֽȸʥҩ˿ûзֵ˼յȲȸʥҩĸڣ
ɫ̺ʥȻǿ󣬵޷ƶȣҰҪסģǽɫನԸЩЩյġ
ְģīӰ澪ŭӵĴС
ҰһжһֱڻīӰϮɱ֣û뵽ʱ̣ΪԼĵģ½ԣǺˬ׾죬ȴò˵ӡ
䣡
ɫ񱩵ĳȸʥҩϣӨ貵ȸʥҩȻѳ߰˽أ
񶦵ػҰĸ첲ҲѾѪģʥһǼ𶼲ҿ㲻ֿҲһ˿Գܵסġ
ǷҰ徭̫ĴǷҰ˾ϵħ֮ҰһлΪ촷ˣ
һľһ˲䶼ʧĸɸɾҰнյһ߳ȸȲƿռ䣬ʱīӰЦЦٵõԶ
Ұٸѵʥҩˣõһȸʥҩĸоɫڣʱգٴһȸʥҩ
ʥҩǿǽ컯ıѾѣҲ޼֮˵ͻƣ˵ʲôʱܾԼһѵʥҩ˿
Ϊʥҩ֮ÿ˵õʥҩĻ͸ˣ
ɫľ޴ĺգ״Ķʥҩٷ졣
䣡
һɾӨıɵĹɢһɱɭȻϢ˲ѸٵȻϰ׺ھɫ⻪Ȼײ̫ϡ
ʥֳһػҲܲסˣ۵һ³һѪ
ͬʱɫһһɫĳ״ʥҩһ𣬿ʧߡ
ſʧԣϳ˷ŭͲʣΧڷΧ£˸ɵ̫סѸٴնȥ
ʷ˶Լȸʥҩһӡǣǿнһͷ״ʥҩߣȥϢҲʧԭء
īӰסҹңҹĻ죬õһʥҩīС
ҶԨտѩ˸չֶΣɷʷʣʥҩ
ˣ
ʱ̣п϶ӿֳһĨɫĹΣȻǴǸԵĴռɢģ콾ʯϢ
ռѿѷ죬һĿȺ󱻿ռѷɣʧڹŻϿա
ҰҲ֪Ǽʥҩ˭УȴԼ˺ɷʷ˲ʵŭХǼʥҩҲ콾ˣǸܳĴˡ
ٴδԽգҰٴλصƬ̲ݵϣԶɽ̲ڣϼ׷ɣȻƬɼ硣
ֻǣ̲ݵϵǣֻвˣϲʮ֮һ
ųɵﶼ˹ŻУеǱɱģеǱɱģв˶ĳɽʮ죬ʱ١
ʣЩУҲ˴ˣǸĴˣҲԵ쳣Ǳ˵ϻմȾŲѪ
ҰĿҪһ顢СԼǵӰŻ˵󲻴˵СҲС⼸һȻһûĵ΢΢Щǡ
ڳˣ
̫ˣǵһأŻе޷࿼ҲģԺĹؿô
һؾѾһˣ滹֪жأǲˣ
ؿѡǷһأǲμˣ

϶һֽٺĸоʧ̬ЦţЦᶼˣеϻδɢȥľɫ
Ȼȥ˾ңʣµˣȻһˣվƬĲݵȻǺѹѹһƬҪҵˣϾǴ롣

ֻǧٴγڰУϵϢ֮ŻǼϢҪӵǿ󣬾ڶ콾Ҳʵʵˡ
ĸ֣ѾϵĴڣȻȻѹûм˿Գܵˣɫ·еķҺܿƽ
ǸüĿİ׷ٴγڰɫͷĴӳɨһۣҲ΢΢Щȡ
ֻвʮ֮һ˳֣ǻԤ֮Уֻû뵽콾ЩǱڹŻз飬ҲЩ档
ŻһƬߵС磬淢飬Ҳ޷֪Ͳ֪ȸʥҩֱ֣Ҳûйʡ
ԣʣ
üĿİ׷˵ͷʮ쿼԰Լõ콾ʯóɡ
ÿǰֳһ߶콾ʯɢɱԡ
׷Ļ˻֣ϸģԻؼˣ
Ű׷ߵ콾ʯʮģֱӳһռѷ죬ǿж콾⡣


255 
һͨߣǧ˰ʮˣܺã׷ߵ
ҰԾȣû뵽ô˶ɻģȹһصģֻʣ²ǧˡ
ʮ˲μӿˣһؾˢȥô࣬÷ҰЩȡ
׷¶һ˿ЦݣһѾ˲μӵڶصģԾʹȥǾ仰ؿһ;ܾ˳
ϵģȻûһ˳
ոЩŲμӵڶصģǵһضûдȥģһЩĳɽһֱؿģ콾Ȼô콾ҲշĶ˳ȥ
صģһؾͲȥ˵콾ʯҲڵľ档
ϸ˵һعµģѾľӢˡ
Ҫ콾ʸ
ڣȸȥ󡣡׷߶һ仰ʹͷɫǰߡ
ͨһصˣѸٸ˰׷ߵĺ棬ٳǰ
ҰĿĹˣһһӰͿٵĳڷҰļϣʮ첻ĻСڡ
Сһ֣Ұ΢΢˿ĸ
ȻҰֱѾָֻϻѪСеĵۣϴôôң˭ˣȥ
ҰصЦЦĶɲ
ҲĶˣǶӡ
ղ˵ǡҲˡô˵ѵҲˣǰŪõĿռָռ乻𣿡Ұ˫۷⡣
˷ܵĵŻ֮ҸСòԶһжġöǾƷЩռ䵹ջá
ЩҰ档
ԵõŻҩͷɵʨ뿪ǾͰĶϴһõ˰Ӵ飬ֻ߰˼ҩ磬һʯʥĲϡͷɵʨﻹһʥһ˵ϵʯ̨ϧȴȵˣҪҸСƴᣬЩŪˣ
Ǽһ˴ķ粨ֵõ˹ʥʯ̨ԵǲǳҰ̾
ͷ׷ʵϴʲô
СҲһŷҰ
Ұѹ˶̶̫𣬻һȸʥҩĸء
˷ܵľҪг÷Ұ죬־ס͡
ȵҰÿ֣żĵˣˣٺ٣ҪûУ൱һʥҩοɴˣ
ǵĻᱻǰǿ߷֣޲ھƿռȥֱ֮󣬻ƽ
Ұѯʵ飬콾ʲôӡûУʲôط
صЦЦÿ䶼ͨص磬ƻã֮󣬿ù֮ģκޣ漫սɡ
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Ұһһﻹ˹ˣҰ滳ǲ²´Ų˵ġ
һ·Ʈɣϼ֥أԣ֪У˵ľƽ˲١
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Ȼͬϼһ˵Ĵǲ֥Ʈ㣬Ũˮһ쳣ĴŶȻĳصĵתڸ
Ұ޸µˣϵڻûŻʱ򣬾ѾȫˣûҪˡ
Ұϥϣȸʥҩ˾ɫУȻʱ̲ͣţĵԼ״̬
»û죬ϴǰ׷ߵЩСһǵ죡ȻϷһʥҩңϴͷĶôˣһ״
ѵ˼ȴǸˣ콾콾Խ࣬ԽܹˣȻϼһʥҩ˹ϷָеҲۣǼͷĶϴٵûô
ҰͷЦȸʥҩһ־ԼУңԼܹһȸʥҩ
׷߷˼ɧ뿪ˣδ֣Ҳûѯ˭õʥҩ˭˶Ҫ˲Ҫ̫֡
ת֮䣬أڶأ


256 ɹ
ʱѵظλҲϢĲˣλڸԵķ׼һ£ǼڶصĿˡ׷ߵͻأ˶
Ұ˹ǹһ˿΢ЦĲ²ûڶصĿˣȻйء
׷ּ˵ڵڶؿ֮ǰȸλͬ磬һ磬иֹ֮۳ޣԶ˵ʵսĸԱȻЧ
׷ͣ£ֽŵ֮ÿ˶ǾУһӵһԱͬ壬ΪǿȡĹ似ȷ棬һģһӵһ޷룬Ļ岻Ǿش
׷һҪܵĶ˳Ȼͱ첻иʱ䡣
֮󣬰׷ߵٴ𣺡صڶأһʱ֮ڣնɱһͷǸΪͬǣ;ߣʧܣһʱδߣʧܣ˫ۣһյ֮һὫǵľ뵽Уջɣ
׷ߵĻ˵϶¶һ˿նɱһͷԼΪͬޣһ޶һʱԾ˵һѵĿ飡
ܹȹһصˣÿһ־ᶨ֮ˣ嶥ҲֻЩƣȫȥ˺֮ǣõòٵӶĦȭƣ׼һ
ңһʦӵƾͳʧƣҪʤ˵Ļᶼ࣬Ϳ˭ʵսǿˡ
һؿɲһһظ޷ܣûʵֻܱ̭ü٣
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Ұ񣬾ĵȴŹؿĿ
翪֮һӦʱ䣬ףǺˣ׷ߵٴ
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ҰͻأĳռУµͷĲ񷣬޾ʯء
ҰĸӦ£Լ;ȷ涼һģһ似Ҳɶöֻħ;ϵħȴǸ޷
΢£Ұڿն𣬽Ĳʯϡ
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257 
ڰ׷󣬷Ұ˺ܿʹãȺɽһտϡ
һƬãİɫأ˸ѵĴ죬ɢҵʯͷǵĵ׺ڰɫϣХķԼŵ֮ǸȾѪĹս
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Ϸϣ˸ųȻϰ׺ھɫ⻪ΪƬһظС
׷ʧûã˷Ұߣֻʣ²ǧˣҷҰϻСҪҳҲѡ
Ǿ磬ѵأй𣿡ʳԼɻ
Ҳôоģǿ뽫ΪаǺЦֻϵѪζ̫ŨЦҲһ˵ħԡ
Ұδ˵͵ɵĿˣ֪콾ĽܳӽжԾĳ֮һǾѹУҲ֪콾ľӢսǽ
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οŰ֮ãҪɣҲһʱ
ѾǵˣͨһأͿԼСˣҲ֪ôûСûʲô仯


258 
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ڱ룬һ޴ݣͨ⻪񷡣ΧŸľŲԲΣɢҫ۵ĹΧݵԲΣֱԼɡ
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һƬԶİȫ򣬽ӽǧ˵ĿվƬ֮С
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ܹߵˣÿ˵İܸߣûɵӣûððʧʧĳȥţڰԹ۲š
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񻹴˵Ұ˰֣ˣӣǺöǽɲ˷ˣϾԺҪɾûôˣߣȥ


259 ֮
ͷҰֱ̤ռ֮Уž޴ѹǰС
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ÿ˵˼֮Уûע⵽Ұûж÷ĵĵģЩ߳Զ콾ǡ
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ռ֮УҰоܵѹɴɽҪǿ׹ϵٻʱǧѹķҰЩԲҪάƽ⣬ô׵顣
ҰûжΪάڵƽ⣬ǽÿһǿӲŲڵƽκεĲ
ܿ죬ҰͶʮռЩϤһԱÿһϸСı仯
ҰҲǰ֮Ͳˣվԭزͣ֡ڼ硢ȭȵȶռԼӰ졣
ͨˣÿٶȣһõ˵Ŀⶼתڵķλ
ҰҲ̧ͷѾ̤ݣŵڶһ̤ȥ
ھݲԶҶ졢տѩԡīӰ˶ǰţȽУȻǸһ
˶ڵһ㶼ôһ콾ԾԱĿˣ콾˵ﻹ޷Ϊĵطǽڶ߲һû̵Ĵս
ÿ찡ҶҲȥˣһ˾
ƨⶼСʱˣôʱһɣ治ж죡һͷɨ˷ҰһۣСڹǰǰ
峾ȥˣ
ǸҲȥˣ̫˼ˣôķ⣬Ȼô촳˵һ㣡
ٺ٣ѣ군ˣ˵īӰӣСıϰ
īӰʲôҸոֻǿӦòҳְɣףһֻӸһֻèҲȥˣģʲô
ԽԽ콾߳һ㣬֮ҲžĻᰵԱһѰ˭ҪȱߵĸԶһ޷Ϊǵսȥڶˡ
˵ڶаٱҲ

˵ĵطзԷμӿ˵˶Сš
Ұ˱ٶȣԭֶϤƬռ䡣ҰȭڹȭƵģҲûʲô似ǽǧҶ֡ǻѰ似ʩչϤԼӰ죬Ӱ콵͡
ȻԺ˿Զóǰ÷ûġ
ңҰϰ似ҲĸܶڿٵıţѾӲ쳣ĽǣøӵļͶӲʣÿһ缡ɢŵӫ⡣
ʱƣѾʮ߳˵һ㣬ݽ뵽ĵڶ֮С
һֻɫĺӺһֻèҲ߳˵һ㣬뵽ݵİȫ֮Уɵϣб۾·ˣǳ⡣
һۣĲţСȻǵǰ棬ǶЩӦĸо
ҰһҲżӣҲȥҰͷ󺹵ǰŲš
츳ҲһЩôܹȵ˼𼶺ʹ˵õĴˣ
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ǻΪһöҩֵʱ˼ѾõҩǶˡ
󲻽ʱ˼Ѿкüʦָˡ
ԣȻҲܹ߳һͲˣڵǣ߱ڶ콾ʸ񣬾Ѿʦ죬ʱҲûʸ
ֻҪܹ콾ֲཫԽԽ̣ʧ
һһӰûڶ㣬Ұȴһһ似ֻٶԽԽ졣
ʱ󣬷ҰǧҶѾ紩Ƶˣˮдգ·ʮѾ˿Ӱˡ
˵ȻӰ죬ѾԺԲˡ
һĿⲻɵת˹ǵڶĿת˹ԽԽŮע⵽˷ҰĴڣÿ˵ж¶һŨ֮ɫ
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ģϵıڷ⣬ûһģǴ˷һʧ˳
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ݺݵҧҧ콾ǵһûᣬǾЩʹ˵Ĵˣ
ھ뷽ҰԶһЩһƬУһ׳ͦεշתŲķҰʶ̫ûˣշľȻܹһҪΪܱܵ𣬻ûϣˡ
ҰߵĻܹϳ˵ǲçذ죡
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ãǷҰһ룬źЩɵ
һˣһɣҪȥ㿴Щ˶ߵһ嵭ķԸһ䣬˼߳϶㡣


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Ұһһϰ似ԼԽԽ΢ϸά֮ԽԽĬ
̷ԶѪƶɵѪ־̫ĴҰ̺ӴǣȴЭȫ
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ҰһЩ似ɫǣ״ȻżϵŸָӵĶӰԽԽС
Ұһε֮У˾죬һֱھĵһƣǰ춼һֱڶ˺Ұʼȵȡ
⼸ĶЩѾӰѾ΢΢ڶ֮󣬷ҰȻնУ
вμӿ˵˶ȵŴͣȫ޷˿֮նУ˵ֱ붼顣
ڵʮʱ򣬷Ұһ¶һ˿΢ЦƬ֮УȻѹ󣬵ĽҲ쳣ԣʮ¶շУΪȻû䣬սȴǰǿ
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Ұ޵ľ๦Ƶӡ֮жҵصĹˣ㷽ҰȸĴеҪٵö࣬ʱľҲѾˣ콾μӿ˵Ա֮УҲǰéˡ
ѾշУһԷҰ˵Ѿû̫ļֵˡ
ҰվڰУʮû˿ӰƵģΧ˶ɵŴ͡
նУҲ̲ס˳
˵ĿⶼɵתƵ˷ҰϣǶڳ鴤ѣһҧڼ֣һΪǰŲһͷ󺹣Ұȴû˿Ӱ죬ǶĲš
Ұ̤գҲûأûбֳ̫ӣͥŲƵǰȥԼҺ԰Ƶģ˶ʲô࣡
Ұֲû̫֪Ҳûж˼׿첻㣬ԶĳưٴˣڰԲ²ŷҰ
ӷҰոյıЩߴ˵ĴˣҲԱɣ
˼ҶѾȥڶʮˣһ϶ӵϤҪߵĸԶҲô׵顣
ҰߵĲܿҪ̤Χֿ˳ӰǶѾ˰ʮɣ̤Ҳ̫Զˡ
ҰЦŵ˵ͷһСӾͱ̼ˣкüʮһﶼȥˣ㻹ȥ̼̼ǰɣǧ½˾С
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Ұ˵ͷٴ̤˼ζȻһᣬѾ̤
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Ȼ뵽򣬷Ұоȥһ㣬õ˼ȫ¶¾һƵġ
Ұ¥ϴ˯СһСһವһ·ɵҰļϣһ̤ݡ
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ҰδǰߣϤٱսӰ죬Ҳûע⵽ߡ
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Ұһǰߣ֮еЩ˶ɵ㶵ŷҰԼǰ·ˣҪҰֶܹԶ
ȻնУīһˣͷŰеķҰ˫¶һ˿𾪡
ǿʵϹ⻪ֳɫ⻪ܿûȥ
ףⷽҰеŵɱɷڶֵļһƽ޲˫ҲֳһĨأڷҰʵ￪ʼ¹

𾪵ĿУҰ̤ڶݵķΧڡ


261 ѹȺ
ٱڱһɽǰУ˻Ϊǰһʱ򣬷ҰѾնУ˶е쳣𺳡
ڰٱ֮նУⲻǿõˣʵҲ˿óġ
ҰԾռ䣬վϣĿɨ󷽵ռ䡣
Сڶڰٱռ֮ǰУΪ˲̫עĿҰڵڶˡ
ݻ˿ɿ͸СǱϳ޵ݣ¾콾Ҳᶯİɣ
Сһڵڶ㰲ĵȴ֮󣬷Ұ̤ݣһ̤֮С
ϣ֮󣬸ڶһҰٴγڱԵλá
λڵеˣԱȵڶеֻ࣬ϡϡһʮˣռп֧ǰС
ӻ˽⵽еٱ
ǸӦ˷Ұĵˣÿ˶ͷһۣǷҰ֮϶ӿֳһ˿ľȣȻûϵҰ
ܹߵˣÿһ򵥣֮УҲǷ
ԺٲҪ򽻵棬˻Ҳ˽¸ԺĶ֡
Ұ峺ĿɨԺУÿ˶Լʩչ˿ÿ̤ľҲнԶͬ
ԶҶ졢ԨԼһɢŽΰ꣬Լ̤ʮɵľ룬˲У˭Ҳ
Ǻ治ԶīӰ峾ҹңˣʮԶ
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ҰѾʶ˲ˣнʶģ˵һμӵĿ˵ľӢ֮ࡣ
Щ̤ľ룬ĳҲ˵Ǹӵеʵ
ȻǱϵʵҰҲڵеˣÿ˶Լĵƣ˶ὫԼĵƱ¶ǰģǱ˴֮Ժٲ˻ս˭ҲὫԼĵƱ¶ǰ
ٷҰûп̫Ǳÿ˶ڹ°վţĶûУԵڵһ͵ڶ㣬в˶ѹֱе˻ѹõϥأø첲ڿ֧ţȣǾͲԶˡ
˶ٷҰͿкü˶չǣŴһ׵似ûмǰе˼
ռ̤ľ룬ܹοҪսĻڶеһЩҲˡ˵ˣԺīƣͲôǵģųЩ˻ʵ
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ҰɢĹٱӴѹ£ҲòóȫȻ治һֿܹס
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⻹Ұı֣õǰĸ˶оȡҶѷҰԼ޵УҰǿսڡ
ƾ֮ٱ֮´ȭ֮󣬷ҰͿʼԼžƹ·ںХתƵӡҲĬĬתǸֳ˹ľ𺣡ˮ󣬽ϤԼÿһ
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ҰҲ˶ͫףж¶һ˿ء
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ƵĽŲ𣬻嵽ҰǰȭͷŷҰͷ­˹졣
ҰȻЩ⣬Ҳ£лһս⣬˿ܣȭһӦս
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䣡
һƴ촫˸˺󼸲ϣ͵սһ

ǸϷŽɫΰһ๥ɱҰҰȭҶԺ䣬ȭȴȻĺΰꡣ
Ի󣬷Ұ¶һĨݣոΰѹ˿Ҷͣң⿴ĻҶϲ꣡
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֮УǶ˹ΣҲᱻٱѹ촷ۣÿ֮ײʵʵײʵʵĺɱ似ûжó񱩶׺
뿼˵ʱ䣬ʣһӡ׷ߵ˵Ķϡ
˶ͣ£𱬵ĳ˲ž˶˶֣ĵݳȥ
Ѿͷ˭һ㣬൱ѹһͷڲ¶ԼǿƵ£ûԸ⽫ҫˡ
˶һǰ壬һ߶Լǰ˹ҪǰУֶֹǰС
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ҰԨԺһǿԨҰȴٵǰߡ
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ҰŨü΢ζȻεضڰд˸һǱɨΰȭͷϣӥչƵԾ򣬵һݵ֮С
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׷ɫѾĸϿգ·ˣ˵ͷ棬ĽͨߣŰʮˣǳ
˻ϲ˳ظ˰µʱ䣬ˢȥһңʣµˣȷǾӢеľӢˡ


262 
ͨ˵ˣ뵽һǰȥ콾ǼǱδͨߣ뵽ұȥһԽͳȥ׷ߵƮ졣
ͨ˵˶Ծվ˰׷ߵߣûͨ˵ˣͷɥվ˰׷ߵұߡ
ȵ˶վ֮󣬰׷߳Щδͨ˵΢΢˵ͷЦҲ٣ǵʶ콾⣬ҲȻһɾͣԾڴˣ͸λء
׷һӣǰ˾Űδܹͨ˵ԱͱʧӰ٣ʣµ˶࣬ΪǿߣôֵĶ޷
׷߾·ˣϹŵЦݣڣȥǼ£ȻҪ콾콾ȺҲ԰ġ
ҰһضˣϼһﻹǸԵ֣
Ҳԣظտʱ򣬲μӿ˵ʮ֮࣬Ҫסÿ˵֣¾ǿҲͷ۰ɣ
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ңһ쿼أҲ漸Աġ
ϸ˵Űٶ˵Ҫߵö࣡
ಣ
һһӰССһڷҰļϣǽɰӣ޷ôصġ
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ʶ㣬Ҳҿ϶Сڵ۹ֻɫСӦþǽ˿ֻèһֻͨĺèĵȴһֵĸооСһԼô򵥡
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׷ߵĿɨˣԽԽϲв˾͸˵Щ˲صĹӵǿرʮֵ⡣
ҽаģս֮Ժᾭ򽻵ģڣȴǰȥǼǡ׷ߵЦŽԼҪ£һӣ˳һߴĸ¥ǰ
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İ˰֣ƵĵЩһѡγ콾Ҫ鷳ԳϵǼ¡
ԸԳϵ˵ͷȻĿɨˣеɫԽԽŨ
ԸоһҪߵö࣡
ڣ·˲ܿƵİںͣСڶֿ˳ȥǰվߵԶеġ
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콾ʳ˭ܴԼı£
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ҰĿ룬С÷ѩǰҲ֪ʱֻںδУ
ڳԶ콾һĨ콾˲ֳٷݣԻգ֪Զ
һ콾ˣǿĹâһļһ˾ô𣿡һѪ˸СУɫ콾񷣬̽ʲôŮ̧ͷ¶Ũ𾪡
貵콾ǷҰĸģһ˻УŮ̧ͷ
һûʧǾͶǵˣһŶǰң콾ս
ʦû콾ϵһ˾Ҹ磡Ҹ˵˻һ˵Ҹˣȥӭһ滨ݵɽУһɢʹ⻪λŮңߵĽǰһ˺ѿһ޴ѷ죬ûС
ѩѾͷε˷ѩʧĵطһۣĿⲻԾתƵ콾ϣšҰ֣ͷ׷ƮŵĴ콾ʱ콾ô࣬ѱȵ죬ôģ
ȥԼִȥȥ̧ҶȥǾǿĻȻڶƣ벻겻Ǹмһ˵꣬Ѿɳ˵ز
콾ϵһˣԼ꣬Ҳδɣ
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263 콾Ĺ
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콾һƬ磬˭Ҳ֪콾ж
ԳԣǱɽĵطֻһĵطǹֵߣǰŨĵطס

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ʦڵǿߣǧÿһбĲ£ڽ˳
ҰƵӡǿĳոջûʱѾıڡ
ҰüȺֳ桢ˮԼҶӵӡǣֳָӡ໥תӡǣžƹ·Уͨųâ˫ֿٽӡ
ֹ֯ƣħӡֶصĺĵһϣΪ촷ۣħӡӵ
ţħӡײڶϣȻǵĵ
ҰĶ磬ܿͽİ˵Ϊ촷ۣħӡҲȸտʼʱ㷭һ࣬䲻˼ĿУȭصײһ


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䣡
һ춯ص촫εɶأѪһľӲײϣǱĵ֮С
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һĻ˶ף䣬ˣ
ʦ֣ˣ˶Щš
ֽ˶еϣЩʦǣǸо췽ҹ̷Ƶġ
޵֮ʵ䣬Ȼһˣһܵôףֱš
Ұʼնδÿռ֮Ҳ˵Ǹиʦֻ˵仰гŨļɵ

ҰǸԲǿߣȴսʤʦڵ䣬սͨʦڿԱģҰʵҲֲ̫ˣ
ЩոճΪ콾ӵˣҲо쳣ĳԾҰ˿û˾ͽˣ˶ı
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ҰѾʵж֤ˣǼҲܰſ£
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Ҫƾ汾´սĻ㷽ҰʤҲǸʤʤôɡ
ô˵һսҰͷѾʼ콾д˿鷳Ҳв٣Ұں
շģһסĶ͵ģһʮɫŷҰҧгݵĶһ䳡滰˺գҪʹ뿪˴
Ұ΢΢üͷųһɾɷˢһ³嵽ǰȭͷųâصĵϡ
ۣ
ſһѪָŷҰ㣬ҷҴΪ
ҰĮ䣬ĵϲвңֻǽΪѹ䵽磬δȡǸ㳤ԣ콾ﲻɱˣҲ㣡
Ұ˵ʱɷӿɷѹ䶼һɷ٣һͷħ
Ұǿ˶еһľǷҰƵЩʵʵɷ붼ģǵɱ˶˲Żӵɷ
ңǹɰɷжϣնɱʦˣԷҰЩļһҲʵ
ˣҰɴķȥĴΪͷһҲǸݽɫǲҪǵ
СӹݵİɷôأƱɱ鶼٣촽˫͸һѪɫ
ҰˣҰ֪ʲôʱܸϵˡƲ죬˸һɫ׵
٣һʵԣδ˱Ƶ·ϣƻеδãв̫ҶЦңҰӿֳһĨȡ
е˼һҪ֣аսڡ
һɷһأҵöɱˡСīӰ°ͣϸ۾ɨɨȥǸɫˡ
ŨɷɱһʦɲôŨҵɷоɫ΢΢𣬿ʵϹº͵Цݡ
ô׳嶯ʵǿҲΪ塣ĮŷҰӲӵ˸˲ָֻƽ
ڷҰǿưԵÿ˵ĿͬǸǳ׵ĺ˷Ұֲٶԣݺݵĵ˷Ұһۣתͷ뿪ȥ
ҰΪǿд䵽磬Ѿ޷ÿռֻ֮ƾԼΪˡ
Щ׼۸ʦǣҰ̧ͷõڶʦǵ涼Ҳס
ڶʦһۣгź콾еʦ֮ȻҲһЩ콾ﵽʦԲ磬ݣͲڸһѧʱ鷳
Щ콾ʣµ޷ѹסһҪ۸ԸҪˡ
ڣǺȻ콾ЩʦԵģдˣôѹƵġ
һ콾μӵĿԶԶҪѵĶܹ࣬ͨصˣÿһдôѹƵģ˵콾ϵһˡ
뵽Ⱥʦֶе쳣йһЩΪˣҲ̽ˣøһ³
ڶʦֶ׼ȥʱһ쳣գ߾ߣλﵱʲôطˣ
˵Ŀˢˢת˹ȥһɫնϹааЦ⣬ȼ棬ǿԷپ졣

Ű裬£ҴɱһжС
ǸǻļһڹŻƣڶ콾˽ȥûʲôġ
ڶʦֵĿⶼ⣬۸žƵģǻǵһ
ëСӣ㷢պͿ˰ɣҸǽа壬ƤǰɣһһϮµĻЦŻӦֳܸһĨɫˮϵģ͸һɱ䳹ǵϢ
ڶʦ֮УҲʮǴʦھ磬ʣµҲЩʦںʦڵǿߣܹʮ˵ӡ
ȻǵԶЩҪٵö࣬ǵΪȴЩϲϵģǿ۸ѾǺܸˣû뵽Ȼƣ
Ҫʹȥǲ˷̫ĹϣʱƣǾԲʹȥģҲΪԼЩ


268 
˺ëСӣǵЦŨˣ͸һԵаԣ󽥽ֳ棬ĵİɣұ֤һպͿ
ѽһİûаǷﰡʦǷмЦֳһֻɫ۶ɵӨӨ֩룬õΧ¶ȶڿٵ½
һµ׳˶ҡͷԵĵϧֻһˣҲ뱻պͿǲ֪ûˡ
밤ỹȻ޷պͿҿ԰ͿǺͿұ֤ǸһѣȻһΰϳŽĹǸǵꡣ
һ춼ͦŵİ˭ֵģȫվɣһĿʦЦϵǿ纣˿˸˿˿׵ɨ˷
꣬ʣµЩʦȫɫƵžŰٶҪǵɫ
ʱ۸һֲĵĹأǵһ˵ģǶоǳĹҲס
ôٵң峾ЦŴֳ̤һɽӰڷս߰ӭǸꡣ
е˼ҶĳҲʦڵĽҶܵ龰֣ϹſЦݣӭ˸߿еһλꡣ
ҲʦֵֶΣҹңҹĻ죬ǿƵĽһڣǱǹĺɫӭȥ
ţ졢Ԩ׾졢տѩīƵһ˶̤Ѱ˶֣սһ
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һɾɱһ΢ֵŸʦڵļһһǸһɼǵѪۡ
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Ⱥһﶼĸֶ֮Լǿҵģÿ˶ϵʦڵǿߣ쳣Ļҡ
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ʣµҲһһΪǿʣµʦ֣Щ˵ʦֶ˲ˣѲ
񱳺ɫ˸ѪɫӰǸѡһʦڵļһսѽѷ֡
Сڸѡ˸ʦڵļһСһﱾ͹ģѡ󣬺ܿͽִͷĲֺ
սˣû̵ֵҲеʵ̲סһһķ˶ơ
˻ҵĳ棬Ұһ鴤ʦڵʮʦڸ˵սʦֶǱȺŹÿ˶Ǳ쳣
ʮʦڵʦֶѡˣʣµʦҲȺŹˣҰҲҲֻ֣һԱ۹ۿ
ʮʦڵʦҲԽԽľÿ˵ĶֶǿĿ£ټʮйȥûһ·磬ֱǲ顣
Ҫ֪ЩǶսɶԽ׶ս
ͣЩʦڵļһҲ﷢еһսҲʧӰ٣սԶѰŻᣬҪ˺뿪ˡ

һ޴ѷŴһѤʹ⻪һʥŵŮڳС
һʮŮ˪ѩ峺ףһͷɫӭ΢Ʈ˿˿Ƶɫ⻪ܵԶطҪŨĶ࣬ȻȻ¶һʥŵϢ
µգʣϼŮеĻ칬Ƶġ
ŮĳõóеսɵͣȫųŮŮ졢˶Ů𺳡
ѩô
콾ĵ֮һ˵ڿ˵ʱģǱ콾Ƹ¼ȡģڶ콾ĿеŮ񣡡
콾ĴŮ֮һķѩȻþĶǣ
ĿеŮ񰡣ڼˣ
ò˵ʵҲɲ⣬콾ҲǰéĴڣһֱڸ糤ˣ˭Ҳ֪Ϊж
ĪǣǵĲɣЩ̫ˣϣʦúúýѵѵǣ
ѩĳ֣õڶʦǶż飬Сı˴š
壡벻ʣⰡҶۣ˷ѩ׵ʣҲɵöݡ
ڷѩֵ˲䣬ҰϾϳ˷ѩȻѩĸӳˣҲԽԽˣҲԽԽƯˣҰȻһ۾ϳ
ԼСãǸϲԼСβͣѪŨˮøоһģһԲ
ѩѰٵĿڻҵȺɨɨȥҪҵҰӰ
Ұ΢΢һЦѾͷˣ
Ҳһﻹǵ찡ȻҵڵϷǵŮ񣡡
ģҵϷĿеŮҪƴ
һٵ콾ϵһΪԼжǼ˻Ǽĸ콾ҲŹ

Ұһ仰Ⱥ鼤ߣв˶ӶȭͷҪҰƴˡ
Ұѩϳ˾ϲɫˢһתͷҰһڰһĲӰĵ˵˷ҰĻ
ģûɣѩȻԱͶͱ
ҲˣҵŮ񰡣
Ůÿɱޣ

˶ǰһĻĴ۾ȫԼһĻҪҪҪҷҰƴ
磡ˣѩ˵ĴЦţϹŷڸĿЦݡ


269 ǿ
Ѿͷϸ˵˻㣬Ϳ϶ҰҲϧЦݣСƽ£Ҳ̤ʵ˲١
ѩµСϹſĵЦݣЦ磬㻹콾ϵһˣ콾ʱʦסˡ
ҰϹŵЦݣʦ𣿡
ѩ˽˫ۣߵǰΪͣǿˡҼǵʦ˵콾ʱҲûܵõһԼȲ㡣ߺߣҾ֪˵Ļһģ
ûǵԼĲмܹһ·ֱײ콾Ĵ̼ŷǳֱӵĹϵ
˵ģҰ绹ûʲôøС
֪𾪣ҰĵҲЩ⣬ѾĿңƫƫһ
˵ûʸ콾һʹˣ
㵱ûܹΪ콾ϵһˣҵ־ܹȥ
ҰϹŵЦݣķѩļ򣬳ĵѩôûίû۸㣿ʦòãҪ㲻ãȥ
ѩĵЦţ磬ʦҺܺãһػû˵ңάңʲôöΪȡĻе㣬е
СúܺãҰж΢ĹһЩ˿ȤﻹҺúչ㣬û뵽ӵô࣬ոնҪƴˡϽɣȻϸͻ˻ˣ
ҲŲأ˭Ҹ硣ѩǵûз֣øˣȻСʱڷҰ
Ұ෽ѩĳСÿӣٿСľգҰаģСܰί
Χ˵Χۣǲô⡣
ڷҰ̸ʱΧͿʼС
ûɣȻŮĸ磿𣿡иʦֲŵĵ
ףҵڲŷ֣շģ˵ðиСֹ
ǿõΪɲ⣬콾ϵһˣǼ廹ǿ󰡣˾̾
ոһҪɱ磬ˣŮ϶᲻ˡиһﰧ
У˵ľŮƵġ˲м
ǵϵӶǲҪӵˣñ˸ֱӺ˳Ц
˵浱û˰վһԣЦӵŵķãϲʱһɫ׵һ˵ơ
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ǰһȵŷѩľգпŮʮ˱䰡ѩڳþ͸Ůһ㣬Ҷˡ
ѩǳǳЦЦܵʹ⻪ЦᲨţݺȣͱȡЦѩˣҲǰʱǿˡ
һŨѪζ˷ҰǰЦ֣Сܶˣ½δһźû뵽㡣
ѩˮĿתƵϣһλҲ½𣿡
ҰЦڰ츮죬һˡ
ãѩǳЦʺã½ˣҲеЩС
һЦѩҲãǺøȻиôɿɰá
ѩ۲ת촽иŶԣҸ磬ҲûҵĽ졣
Ұ˰֣Ц˵Щ磬α㡣
ѩúã벻ǸСѾͷȻƯˡǻ飬СڣǸģСϷҰļŷѩʾá
ѩȵŻСڣϳ˾棬ҲСڵң˼ȻںܾǰʶԼˣԼȴʶһǹŹ֡
ҰɫһڣûĵŶҺãҪн㣡
Сֹôˣϸ˵ҺСڿɶˡ
Сڶŷѩز̱ʯĴ۾Ʒ⣬ҪѩĻ꣬Ұһסˣؾ׼СãСһԲ졣
ԾԾԵĻҲʵСεĶһۣҡҡͷ
ѩ磬̣ǣ覴ã˫
ֻ֪˵ǰ糤϶ʱ䶼У¶棬ȴ˹Ϊ콾ĴŮ֮һ
Ǽνе¶棬Ҳû˼ѩ˵ĸоҲǿʥ࣬콾лû˼˿ĵЦݡ
˵ǰķѩǹ㺮еӣķѩһѪˣҲῪģҲỶЦ˸ܵһʵԡ
ѩĽ٣˶ֹͣ˴սǼʦڵļһȴȻڴսšǲ֣ͣǱֱƵĸͣ֡
ڣǲʶһĿֲ֮ʮʦڵļһȻһȺԲʦڵļһѽѷ֡
ǸͰѲ˶֣
һҵĽգһӰ׹գص·һɽϣƬĻҳ
ʧǿаӰ˳ааЦݣĵôպͿû
·Ǹһʹʵ˻һۣתͷ˷ѩһۣĵͷ­һҡεķԶ
꣡
ǸǵΰһȭҵĹǶϽۣɫ̫·žӨĽ
䣡
һӰɶأҶջȭͷϹһĨĮЦݡ
ʦڵļһﱻ˴񷣬ʣµڿ֧ŵļһҲû˿ս⣬ƴˣٵõԶ
ӣЩ̫ˣҪǳڶ˵ĿⶼתƵ˷ѩϡ
ҪѩˮȻѩĻʹߣٺݺݵĽѵѵȺ
ѩڸҰţЩɵ΢΢üͷЩһû˿ĺøУ۸˴һ٣ֻ˵ǻãңԼҲһˣôܹùô콾
ѩƲǿɲУѩոûʱȺһǶڳ磬м綯ˣҲùǵ
ѩ˪ĮɨΧڶʦ֣ϵɫ⻪˸ʥ飬ĵΪʦ֣ȴĵϵңҸ鷳ڱ˴Ҫҳ֣Ǿÿ𣿡


270 ̸۵
ڶʦֶеǳô˵׼۸Ͳʲôʵ飬ոջҷҰ鷳÷ѩǳ֣ԼҲ˵ȥ
аЦɨڶʦ֣һͷɫƮֱ֮
ڶʦֶе쳣ķŭͲʣ뵱Ǹѧʱǰ콾Ӹһ١
òֵȥû뵽һ˵ںȳ⣬붼Ǿñ
СӣҲ̫ţ콾еֲδ֣ȻֵõʴʣһӢͦǷ̲סԡ
˵Ҳ˵콾֮ûи֣ЩĸֶŸֵİ˭ҲԽڶླԶԶǵǼսõǰҲ䵽ľ档
飡
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ааɨʣµӣĮĵûԣ
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ڶҲʼһĽ䵽ǱɽĸҰŷѩŻ顢Сڡһѡ˸ŨɽȽȥ
֣Ҳ̫˼ˣܽܡҰոսûüҵط£īӰ͸˹΢ֵϹźЦݡ
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īӰ΢ֵӲ£ûĵ֣ҿǸԭɱ֣㲻˵ûҲܻܰҵɣԺô찡
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ѾΪؼף಻ǶԵѾﵽ˼£Ӱ֣гĽ
ҰЦҡͷֹĲ಻Ϊû飿
ǻӴǸ򡣡ʯƤɢžӨĽ󣬳²⡣
｣üбȻҲ䣬Ҿ˵ʮǰǸʱŲֹһ䣡
΢΢ü˵ʮǰ컯ҲһʱвֹһνǸʢϧȴĻ鶼룬ֵһʱǸǻ
ʮǰʲôųƲ಻鶼ˣΪΣ
˵ʣѾûʷĳˣ˭Ҳʮǰ׷ʲô顣
콾еľڣ˵콾ڻµĺۼܹҿʮǰɴ峾˵һ𺳵Ϣ
콾пĺۼ
콾еʱ콾Щ֮ѯ
ѩˮڷ裬˷ȥ콾УƬ֮⣬žŽʮǿʱӴ;磬ھŽеÿһ綼һصڡŻ򡢹ʥսʮеļÿһһС磬енǧ﷽Բ޾أ콾Լ²̺˶ء
ѩֽ֪ľϸĽ˵һõ˶콾ҲЩʶ
׹öת۵ϣ˷׷׸ȥֻʣ½ļˡ


271 
貵ҹ£һܵȼţҰİߣһĳǹǹϴһ鿾Ľɫ⣬ɢ
СһգգĶŻϵĿ⣬˫۷⣬ֹסʿˮ
СһǷѩ죬ʱҲʱʶűӣΡ
磬һ֪Ŀˮƽôߣ㰡ѩϵĿ⣬ź촽˿
ҰЦЦǣϸ˭ڿƷʦˣ˵ƷҩܹƳƻ¶ȣ˵㲻϶顣
ƷʦŶҼǵ÷үүǽǸƷʦҪĶ࣡ѩ˷֣ܵµСŮ
ҲֻڷҰǰʱŻ飬ֵʹ
һۣжŨ𾪣ǻǵõڷħʱ򣬷ҰŽǸƷʦһûҰͱƷʦٶ֮죬ֱ
Ҫ֪ʦĽ׿ɱϵĽҪĶ࣬ͲǶʱڿõġҪдʵ۾飬Ҫҩĵ˽⣬ûʦָʵ֣ʵڲ֪Ұôġ
ңҰˣҰˮƽǣ˵Ҳ޺Ҳĵ׵淽Ұˡ
ܿ죬ѾҰóɫذ׽һһָˡ
óԣϸ磬ջ治ѩ׽ſ⣬촽ڻ·žӨĹ˳Ⱦ϶һ塣
Сڶ˲ϷϻˣԱſ鿾̻ʵĿţ͡
óԣóԣھ׽ţ˵Щ
ڿһ飬Լһ飬ĵоƣ͸ˣ
⵱ȻҪоƣ𣬴ҶҰЦһóƿƣһ˵ݸһƿ
ƿ͸Լɼɫľתһƿӣһǧٹ۳ɵľͿʼ˿Ŀ
þƣͬʱѿڶϹ˷ܡ
ǴĺƣϴƴõģȻǺþˣԹԵԼһڣڷҰϣ۾ţɫëڻԡ
ƣ춼ϲĴг
Ҳ˵ƵĴķѾʧҲٴˣû뵽ҰȻֺþƣǶе쳣˷ܡ
˸ԺһڣϸƷζĳںƵζ档
磬ҲҪȣѩ鶯Ĵ۾ŷҰˣӵ
Ұ룬óһСŵƿݸѩҵģ̫࣬ζˡ
ҰûȣС˸ȤҲĺöСô⣬ٺȵӦû⣬ŰѺƸһЩ
ѩ̴΢ţһڣϹһĨĺΣлصǧٹķ㣬úȡ
Ұ̧ܲϣŷѩεգѩ׼һЩö㡣ˣ˺Ҳзݡ
ʲôѩ۾ʵǳӵҫۡ
ҲĶŷҰҪҰóʲô
̫𣡡Ұܸɴ˵˳
ʲô̫ǿؼľŴ֮һ̫𣿡񾪺г˾ϲ
̫棬ҲзǷЧ̫ˣ̫ܹŪõĻԵ治Сп˫һգգŷҰ
ѩ޶ˣݺȵĵ磬ʦ˵̫ǿ˵ʣǴѻ棬ɲôȡģ㵽ȡ˶٣
ҰصЦЦܶ࣬ܶ࣬Ƕ׼һʲôʢŰɡ
ѩǳǳһЦһһ͸һɹºϢĵɫУݸҰ
ҰһƬƬ̫𣬵ɫбһǿƬ̫ɵ档
ܿɵɫɫԼһŻз͸һɹȵĸ¡
ѩӹг𾪣ôࣿ
ҰںİֵȻһкܶ࣬ЩֻǾţһë
ķҰļ򣬵ݹһƿЦǾٰëҰɡ
ҰЦŽӹƿ̫עС
ûעƿϾѿ˵Ѻۣȫܲס̫ĸ£ۼҪѿˡ
żˣݺݵҧҧóһȱ˸ǵ룬µ˹ȥ
ǸɫСֻаƴСӡ˸ָӵͷģƱ鲼һֺƴѹ÷Ұеһļ¡
ʥҰ
ϢЩϤõǸ̫ķƷѹֻ࣬Ϣвͬ
ҡҡͷЦϸ˵ֻǰʥʥһõģԶԶϲȱʥ
ҰԵ˵ͷҲڸп֮ãܹõʥȻǲȱģǿɲһ˿õġ
ҰҲʢһѵ̫óǸɫ˻ȥ
ţҰת죬ǸɴĳſԼ÷Ұйע̫
Ǵ㶯֮ס̫ȻȷҰֱ̫Ҫº͵ĶˣҰҲûж˵ʲôҲ˴Ƭ̫
̫ռҰԺʲôΣգÿַָһЩȪǶΪȡ
ҰרȪ֮󣬳Ҳ֤й¶ϢȻǾȪڵĵطֻ̽һҲûеóʲô
ǵǿһЩ⣬磬½ǸǴ֮أӡħħ޾䣬Ƕо½Ĳ
½лиħѩҲ˾ȣǶ½ʲôأ֪½ô򵥡
½ΣҲһЩȸУٵԼʵĻҪȵħ½Ϳ̿
ңͷҰ²⣬ڷħһħ²½Ψһвô˵Ҫ½ҪӵиǿʵС
ȵ󣬷Ұ˰ΣڽԼϮ˵˳
жǷҰŵùˣҰǣǴαһʦԲļһɱ˵˳õöЩ¡
ʦԲʦȫ˲Ƶˣ˵ÿǿµɱ֣Ұܹ׷ɱҲǽˡ
ѩ߲ѣҪ﷽Ұҵס
ҰɵĿ¥еǼˣȻǸҰͻưٴҲɣ֮ǰҰûκˡ
īӰ淽ҰĹҰҲ޷ȫκ˶ţҲܰȻڵһԭ
һҲûеõʲôֻʱ£ֻڽ⡣


272 Դ׵Ĵ
峿˿˿Ұ̫˸µĿ¶һĨЦݡ
ѩվڷҰߣңߵ̫һ磬һ̫ûУ˵콾ʥĴժµһţ̫еƣõ콾ûʲô𡣡
Ұ𾪣ǿֶΣ̫ժʥͣǸľ簡
ʥͶѾôǿˣ飬»ӵǿɣ
վ̫£ѩϼ⣬ɢžӨĹŷҰЦ磬ҴȥȡһЩֵԺҲԻȡһЩԼҪĶ
ҰЦŴӦǸոս뵽콾еһЩطǺ˽⣬зѩţͿʡȴܶˡ
ҲûŷѩٵķУ̤ܿǱɽһƬȺС
ڹϷӡһضӵķӡǣҰлȻǾȻ챦̻ı־
챦̻᣿Ⱦȵĺ˳
ѩЦвת촽΢˵û챦̻ĴӪҲ콾ֵٵĵط챦̻ۣǺܹƽġ
ҰĿȵĵ챦̻鲼Ӧвٺöɣ
ѩ΢΢ͷ˿٣ü䣬Ȼ֪Իȡʥ׹Իȡʥ似Իȡʥϣȵȡ챦̻ܲڣÿһʱͻһƷ龧ùֵ˵ʥҩ;Ŵ棡
Ұͳ춼еͷһȣ콾ǵ񰡣Ŵʥҩֱǲ顣
ŷѩ뵽챦̻ĹȺУҰһ˺ܿ˵ע⡣
һʮӿٵߵǰһϮƮŵϹŽЦݣʶƮݣ˫̣Ϣǿޱȡ
ʦѵùҪȡһЩʲôֻҪҷܹõģҿ϶㻻ϹŵЦݣӢˣºͶţ崺硣
ѩϵı鵭Į̣֬û˿촽ĵηʦַˣǴżѹʱ뻻ȡʲôʦֵĺ⣬ѩˡ
ҰǹŵЦݣСӵͦİӦӣҲûӦ־档
Сõ󣬷ҰҲǸˣСüȻܹӦҲҲ֡
ĿŴӷѩתƵϣĿİԵԼҰĴݲȣһֺܴѹ
ѩ뷽Ұյʱͫ΢ɼϵŽʧӿһĨ⣬˫ĶŷҰ˭
ﱾ챦̻Ǿ޴󹬵ȺŻλãΧǶֻͣ콾еս洦ɼҲ뿴Ĵս
٣ԭǷʦ֣˵ǶλһӴûκǣֹ֣ҲѹַʦֻѹƲסŭ𡣡
ӹȻǿ˫ߵǸ˭Īѡİ𣿡
û˵Ӷ˭飬׷ô࣬Ҳû˵һ˵ˣϧ˲ҡ
˰㣬ǲῴģ𲻶֣Ҳ˶ֵģ뿴ߵǸ굽ʲô£
ԴײټϣʦֿԺúõĽѵѵ
Χ۵˶ʼСõ÷ŭʢ
ҰŨü΢һһʦӣ͸ԼǷǧ龧Ƶģģģʼôǿң׷СãҲǾ޿ܵ顣
Ұ¶һĨζЦ⣬ĵôﻹҪ㱨𣿡
ʦһ챦̻ᣬжٹֵһͼҩưŷҰгƺͲм
أ츺֣˷ܣСʹͷѩҲܲʣһµĿ֡
Ұ˾뷽ѩյƣ΢΢ʼ磬޹ĵҸս콾ûκεĹֵҪȻôѩ
ɫ࣬ŭȵѩܽе𣿡
Ұȵŷɻĵѩûʲô
ѵֶΣϣѲߴͽ̣ŭδ䣬˾ͻһɫ˹ֳһͷɫӥӰӥ죬ֱϮҰš
ҰһƳȭȭͷϷһѤĹĺ˷ӥ״ϡ
䣡
һɾ޴촫𱻱ƵҰȴ˿δһɴ£ֻر˸˼£ǹɴͳ׵ʧ
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ѩѣܲưҰŤͷŷѩЦЦɿŷѩƣᣬӦֶ
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ʵҲʦڵľ磬Ǳȵ䣬һأȫǷҰĶ֡
صڵϣ۵һһѪɫɷףǱĴӵĶŷҰǷŭ
ѩܷܷ֣ٴס˷Ұƣ¶һ˿Цݣͷŷʦ֣ҸƢãҲ̫嶯ˡ
ʲô磿ȻŷѩеķŭʧӰ٣תһɰգһЩ
û˵ѩʲôˣոջΪҲǷѩ׷ߣ鼱֮¾Ͷˡ
²һᣬ׵ĵ˷ѩĸ磬һִʵĸо
ҰĿŷѩЦҡͷѾͷԺٸӴûб£ҳ嶯ɲ˴£̫ǳˣ
ޣѩɵĵ˵ͷõԶۿ˶۾
ʱǿķѩʥӣûм˵ĻڷҰݣ˰˳ɡ
ǻں޽ӣӶˣոлҰõģ֪һ嶯Ͱһжˣڲ
ʦãǸ翪Ц氡ֲȥǵѪٴλָĶţŷѩ͡
Ұһɨ˹ĮĵԶٸɧãµ
죬ʲôҲû˵ͷһͷɥӡ
ҲףԼ̫嶯ˣ³װѷѩĴˣԺһᶼûˡ


273 ֵ
Ҫ׷ѩãϴ󶼲ʶһûôļһǺ²̸š
ҲЦ⣬ĵĵ֣Ҳ̫ˣⲻǼһѩĹϵԴǰɣ
Ұʼ磬ЦС̫嶯ˣȻĻҲ³
ˬʵĴЦףɲôóԵģСӱԩѩҲģҲСӡ
ѩǳЦҡҡͷ޹ĵĲϻҸڣǼһҲֲ˺ȥҸˡ
Сʱ򣬷ҰûΪ˴ܣѩȻֱ籣ĸоָоˡ
иߣоаȫС
ŷѩҰһ˺ܿ챦̻ڵĹȺ콾Ҳв٣ѩһ˽ĿⶼתƵϣڱ۷׷ףȴҲδٴγֻʹҪսҰľ档
˼Ұı챦̻ĵ̸סˡ
зõȫǧҩϵҩҩ˼ʮꡣ
аڷŵĶЩϵһȱʥ
з˸ָĵҩЧͬ˱ǣƷƷĵҩĶ
ЩиĹƸĲϣ޴ķ׭ײޣȵȣĿѤʡ
ѩ峺˫鶯쳣뵵ɫ⻪ɢλðĹʣǳЦŽܵ콾ԴҪùֵȡֵɲûãϾһء
Ұоȣ龧ļֵ˽ĺ
ͨ龧ǰ׾Ͼ龧ٸ߼ľϾ˵ϾǺ֮γɵģʥͼǿ߲ܹӴĴڣֵǷ
һָ߼ĺھһ籾ԴĻ۶ɵģֶټ
龧֮ĶһһٱһһöϾ൱һö൱һö׾
֮ͨУһöϾļֵᳬһö׾Լֵһһǧö׾ңҲûԸø߼龧ȡͼ龧
콾һ㹱ֵͼֵһöϾҲ˵һö׾ܹȡһֵѹַѩ˵ֵ׬ȡˡ
ѩ촽΢ҪõֵϾֱӻȡһöϾȡһ㹱ֵҲúھȡϾµ龧ա
Ұ˰࣬Ͼ龧Ͼûʲôˡ
ѩ΢˶٣ֵȡ׳ֵһٹֵмļֵһǧֵ߼ļֵһֵµıգ似Ҳıࡣ
Ұͳһۣ˿Һѹ콾ĵô˼ҸͿЩһĶֻϵġ
ѩﲻͣĽܵҩȡǧҩֵʮ㹱ֵǧļֵʮ㹱ֵǧļֵʮ㹱ֵҩֵһٹֵʥҩչЧֵһʮֵȡǧݵҩգ
Ұжľˣǧҩļֵ͸ܲƵģǧҩȡֵҲֵ̫ˡ
ѩҰЦ콾յҩƷҩϾգһöƷҩֵʮ㹱ףƷҩֵһٵ㣬Ʒҩֵһǧ㣬Դơϸ˵ⵤҩżԵһЩʦõҩȡֵǻһЩ
Ұ΢Ʒҩļֵ͸ҩ࣬Ҫˮƽа
ѩֽһЩĶһҪƷʼգҲ޵Ʒֵ㹱ֵƷֵʮ㹱ףƷֵٵ㹱ףԴơ
йһЩϡ׭󷨡طŸԲͬĶһȷǰոԵĹЧֵĸߵͣҰҲ˸š
һֱڳ鴤ţЩĵʸȡֵģĶ׳ֻܻȡһٵ㹱ֵЩֵܻȡʲô
ѩˮ촽ãǳЦЩȡֵƷùֵõֻǣùֵƷʱҪ໨ƷֵĹֵһɹס׳˵׳ȡֵһٵ㹱ףҪùֵĻҪһʮһ㹱ֵС
ɴ˫ۣпһۼƣ󲿷ֱﻹǶ콾аֵʲôã
ѩЦٻ⣬䷳Ľ͵ֵôɶˣ磬һ㹱ֵھ֮дһʱһ㹱ֵдһʱʥصҲҪһĹֵСô˵콾˹ֵͿӵһС
ҰԸпֵĹЧ֮΢£ŷѩѯʵѩ֪֪ûҩ
ҩӣѩЩ֡
Ұ˵ͷûж˵ɫƶǣ̫СöûҸߣһС˵©죬ǿɾ
ѩ΢ŷҰ棬˸ҩĹ̤˽ȥ÷Ұд
֮жѻĲǱҩȫҩӺ磡
Ұǰѯһܿ͵֪һ㹱׿Եõʮӣһǧҩʮ㹱ףҲһٿӣһҩһ㹱һǻ㰡
Ұ룬˳־ʹӾɫγʮǧҩصոǸҩĴл˹ֵ
Ϊ˷ֹ˿ʲôҰεЩҩ֮УеǸոչǧݵҩеǧݵģеǧݵģܹ˽ӽٵ㹱ףȫǧҩӡ
λӣôҪһӻȡôҩӣи챦̻̲סĵ׵ĺ棬ŷҰ΢Цѯʡ
ҰصЦЦǸƷʦϾҪƷʦˣоһЩӵٺ٣ۿɲֵ
ŶԭƷʦˣᰡԺضһɾͣӭ´μ٣Ǹߵг˳羴ԷҰͬϽˮ಻
ǧӱԵ˾ɫ֮УҲֻռһСֵĵطҰĵȴо̤ʵࡣ
ô˵Щҩڣɫ輤һ£ºǳƷҩ㲻ҩֵǧҩҲƳӸ߼ĵҩʡȴԭϵ⡣
Ұչӵ飬ѩͳȻɻ󣬵Ұû˵ҲûʣΪҰ׼ʲôҩ
ҰôһЩƷҩÿ˶ȡ˼ʮ㹱ףʱ̫࣬ھľС
ǵһӻȡ̫˵ע⣬Ұ˵þҪǧҩȡٵĹֵˡ
зѩĴ죬һûܵ·˺߹עĿ⣬ֹһ뿪ȥ
ѩصҰͳ˶ֻصǱɽĵȴ


274 ȸԡ

𣬷·ֱ˵һĸо
Ұɽгңķǵһ˿Ц⡣
ԶһڲϼΡɽ֣֥ݰ裬ϼ籡͸һĪ״ɼ֮
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ȻŽʮѾ콾Ĵ֮УɽԾŽʮûκεӰ졣
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ҰһۣϳĲСڸռ˷ҰһȻԵõŷҰǰɽ
һ˺ܿ͵˴ɽ£ɽ޾ڣ貣ʢת鶯ĵϣϢ
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תͷȥһƬޣǱɽѾʧӰ٣Զ̤ŵʵǵĻ棬ɽء
ҰһŽµ̨ʰ׶ϣ֥ʢ貣ǰϼ׷ɣ֪ںη
ȻǰɢҰ˳һصڡ
ڣһߴСʯλ֣гǧΧһ޴ĵ̨
ٸʯλѾ˾ˣƴ£˵Ҳѹ˸Ҵ֡
ҰѰ˸λãᶶ˶򣬼ͷϵСһҲֱߵʯλϣʵʵ
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ʱƣĵԽԽ࣬һǧǰúԽԽˡ
󲿷ֶʦǻҲһЩΪɲ⣬Ұ޷ǵľΪƵ콾ʢᡣ

һ촫ǴӴɽڲӲɽ϶ָ˰
Ӳʧһǰĵ̨ϣڷɢ˫񣬿Ӣ·ƬΪһ塣
Ұ΢΢˵Ϊɲ⣬һԵĵϣΪѾﵽһּߵľ磬ݶʱ״̬
ڴ̨ϼˣȻΪǸꡣ
ӢӵɨһΧˣƽĿڵһȽĴȻٽⷨõĵᣬǽеɻϣǲҪҽʱš
ӢͣƬ̣飬㿪ʼ˽︴գʢ֦Ҷ㣬سţʱã֯
ӢӽĶǷߵ飬˲һָεõ·˶һЩĸ򣬾˼Ӣԡ
ӢӽԽԽ̣Χнֳ˿˿ϼʣԼʥо˶ϣϸȥʲô壬ļ䲻ɵòһ
ʱ󣬽ӢֿʼһЩԼᣬżݻĵϣ˵ָ·ơ
ҰӢӵԼ໥ӡ֤ȻеĹ似ͬһЩϣ;ͬ飬÷ҰĶࡣ
ʵľʣյ˽ӢӽԼĵ֮ƽȻʣҪ˽ɻ
ʦҵΪһЩʦֵܻҪߣͬ似ΪܹӳҵĻҪǿи굱Լʡ
Ӣʩչ¹һѪָĲ㣺Ҳÿ˵ͿԿǸȣ似ҲǶǣҪʵڸ似ʱҪעƣܹη壬һǰ似յĲˡ
ʮ˽ӢʳԼɻӢҲһһõҲջ
ӢӼʣܻɫϼ⣬ܿʧڵ̨ϣǰڶҲʼȥ
ǲһҸоʲôҪϽȥ򡣡г˷ܣȲŷҰ췵ء
ǴӴɽʱٴγǱɽ֮С
ȥɽѾʧӰ٣ոյһлһξ
ҰҲЩһЩ漰ռ֮Ľ⣬÷ҰһδʦżңȻһѹƵĸо
ҰҲףԼĸѾ˼£ѹŲͻƵĻԼҲ̫ôҲʱͻˡ
£ҰǣصԼڵɽУһֹž޲ľ֮С
ڶ峿ǱɽеʱǱɽٴλӴͬˮŷҰڵɽӿ
ˣ
һ𣬴ϵ֦ҶΣźԶܹܵһŨ
ϵǧ֦ҶҡҷһɹܵĻҶ籡תۼͻΪ棬նյͨ졣
пʼ͸˿˿ɫˮΣܿͻ۳һƬɫ
Ұȫͷ˳ʱƣϿսĿʼһɫƲ㣬ԽԽ񣬸Ƭա
ʵƲҲԽԽأһ׹Ʋ裬ɫ׵Ʒ͸һɰ
СΧػҲ˵ԶңңʵĽơ
ҰҲʼɽˣľˮԵĽףһǸɫСҲİʵĽף¶һ˿Цݡ
ǸĽ콾ԻûҲЦЦϵѪζƺ΢΢ɢһЩ
䣡
׺дܳһ޴Ļɫ磬ŰҰŷҰڵɽȺХȥ
ҰХһӭŽ׳һȭǵɫ׻ķ飬˿˿׵֮ɵڣܿԼ
Ұǿ߲࣬Щ׵֮Ѿû̫Ӱ졣
¡һһ׵䣬Ұû׵С
׵ԽԽ񱩣ҰҲʼһСѺۣҰھƹԶתٵ޸˵塣
ҰüеǸԽӡǿٵתţ׵е֮뵽ڣԼ
ণ
Ȼһ쳹Ǻƴʼ˱仯𺣾ҵĲ£һƴСɫСӻгһӳ嵽ߵƲ֮С
ѹĹǱɢһ㣬߿յĽ˼£ҲʧӰ١
һӰٴûޱ߻֮Уţ𺣡ˮٵջصҰڡ
Ұ׵ɵһɶվУڰΰǹճһĨЦ⡣
УΧնѾó׵ĲһˣԼԿ۵Ŀռ֮ڿռ䷨ҲһЩ
ʦ
ѹ֮ıõ÷ҰһͻƵʦ磬ڿռ֮˳ա
Ҫǣողµı仯һͷȸ
ȸԡһ޴ֻڴ˵Уʷ֮УҲûмܹ
Ұףֱ仯ȸֱӵĹϵǴĹʵЧ
ҰлЩڴˮĺˮҲֱ仯


275 
ͻƵʦ磬Ұڵٴβ仯ӿеĿռ֮ݻһָǿǳ˵ķ
ӵ˳žƹŷҰһһεѹţеҲٴѹС̺ȴøǿ
ʦ磬纣Ͷ֮˺ΰ
Ұٴγ˾ƹ֮УĬƵӡԺٴθֳǼµɫ˿ߡ
ɫ˿ŴĹ켣תУԺ»һƬ磬һһͷӲӵӻгҡͷβξ
ţɫɫɫɫɫɫ̴ӻгߣ͸һɹĻѹ
ʱƣ嫵Ļ纣ӿĶһϾһīХų
һһųתƵģ֮УԸӸµĹ켣ڲš
죡
ͻƣõþƹɳ׻ָ񼶹
һ£񼶹ΨܹǷҰľƱͺ⣬κԶƶĻָþƹָ񼶹
Ұڷ·߱ϸ΢鲼ȫٶȽøӾ޴
Щ콾õĴУʦ磬Ҳֻܷӳ˱Ұľƹָ񼶹ĵزԷҰ˵ҲǸС
Ժɱʱܹ˼ֵĸãܹ˷ӳǿ붼˾˷ܡ
Ұˢһ˫ۣȻβȥ˷ܡ
ͻƵʦ磬貾Өڷ糱Ҳٴηɱ䣬¹ǻָ񼶹ҰԼδӵˡ
ಣ
һһӰڷҰļϣëĻīСڳڷҰͷȵĦŷҰա
ҰЦ⣬ͻƣҲ֪ͻƵʦ磬СȻѹԼľ磬Բǻ
СڵЩ⣬񣬿¾һʥˣҲ޷Сڵз򣬷ҰǲҲ֣һоͿСԼˡ
ԶŲһ콾¶ͷͻƵǷҰ׽ʧǵӰû˿壬Ҳ˸ŷҰ
֣ϲˣԱŷҰء
Ұ̫·žӨĹ󣬵Цʲôùϲģʹﵽʦ磬ҲѹƵıԵҪͻƣʱԣͲϹˡ
㣬ǲͻƵģЦһֵ콾УŬͻᱻ˱ȥҿҪӰѾˣָЩĴء췽Ұ˸˼ʮ㹱ףҪȥȥˣȥȥ
ҡͷʮĵҪսʱȥ׼ȥжսˮƽ
Ұ΢˼£ҸոͻƵʦ磬ҪϤ÷ʽͲǰȥˡ
˷ֵ𣬻СȻǸŷҰ
ȵߺ󣬷Ұķóһ龧ŴΪҰ˵ɫ龧ϴλȡ׵ʱѾɱɫģ⡣
Ұעһ˿һϢڷҰԺУٻ¥۳ֵʮ㡣
ҰɫһӺոյ׽Űը¥벻ֱ㵽ͷϡ
¥Ƕʮ㹱ֵҲǶʮİ׾붼÷Ұۡ
ҰЩңҿڹȺжɽ٣ȻĻĹֵҪΪˣƼ֮ڶԻˡ
ɽȻ𣬷ҰŻСԶһɽϣһɽ壬ɰҡҷʯԣȻ̫ŨҲջˡ
Ҫ֪еŨ֮ض˸ռˣҪռŨ֮أȥ˼ҵģҰûг𣬱˲Ҳȥ۸ˣס
ͻƵʦ磬ȷʵҪúõĸһرǶԿռ֮ãҲҪϤϤԺսУܹӦ֣ӳӦе
ҰͶ֮䶼пռ֮۾ܹõ۵գÿռ֮ԺжµӰٶȿ쵽˼¡
ЩӰǷҰ̫µӰӣûʵʵ壬ԶԶϲʦķȴҲ÷Ұٶȱø졣
Ұӵžϵħ񣬶ڿռ֮ҲЩ˽⣬ʱ֮ڿռ֮ѾˣҪ뽫ռ֮õ¯ĵزҪʱϤС
뵽ϵħ񣬷Ұͷһȣ½õ˵ҾȴһֱûҾϵħУͻƵʦ磬Ӧòˡ
뵽ҰóҾȫ뵽Ҿ֮УӦŵҾԡ
Ҿǻ̻֮ĲȻֻȭͷСȴ̺żǿҵĸ¡
ڵҾԣҪñȵҾǿҵĸ²ܹ֮ڻ
ңҪҾȻ뵽ϵħУҲҪԻ쳣΢ĿУδͻƵʦ֮ǰҰû˿տһ׳١
Ҿ˽Ĳ֮󣬷ҰиֳһĨͮͮĻ棬ȼţҾڡ
¶ѸٰθߣҰй⻪ֳһƬ𺣡
Ұ΢һͷСɿ˵ȸһгſСڣǰĵҾ档
Ұڵ̫Ҳõ˫ðĻ¶ԽԽߡ
ʱ֮󣬷ҰеЩƣˣҾЩ仯ʼڻһŹĻ棬뷽ҰĻȫ̺ͬһĪĵϡ
Ұ¶һ˿ϲɫóϵħ񣬶뵽˵ҾĻ֮С
Ұڵֶ̫ñȸ֮õõҾĻȼյĸ
ڷҰƴ߶£ȼգҾĻ滻뵽ϵħ֮УʧӰ١
˵ҾϵħԵøӵһЩͨɢصĻԼµķ֣֪ǷƷ
Ұڵ̫Լȸ֮ڵĴϢţĿϲžϵħ
ѾͻƵʦ磬޲ϵħҲ߰˰ˣ治Բ޸ġ
Ұϥһܿͻָ˹Ȳóϵħ񣬾ϵħͬˮƵ뵽ڡ
ҰоһӱǿһѾֳһƬǸɻľˮɵȸ裬俪죬裬Ǹƴã磬Ͷ֮䶼˿ֲơ
֮磡
ϵħȻǿõҾ޸֮󣬾Ȼ÷Ұﵽ磬ֱ顣
Ȼս϶ȲǿߣҲֶ̫࣬һǿĵơ


276 
ΪԽԽϵħδٴ޲㷽ҰͻƵʦ磬þϵħҲֻܷӳʦԲ
õҾ޲֮󣬾ϵħѾԷӳ÷ҰоЩ⡣
ĵƣҰĵҲһЩ
ڽʱУҰֳǼս֮Уͻ֮⼸սµᣬܹӳҲӵľ޴
ٴһ֮󣬷ҰŻСɫľ֮С
ʱľ磬ҰոսʱͬûпĴڣֻԶĵطһֺͥԺԶͥԺǽԼصķ֡
ҰЩȣҲ湻صģ˵ʱҲֻǾıɽһǣǾ
ھ磬ҰҲЩ²⣬£Ҫ֮ҪЩͥԺн롣
ʱھҲвٵԺǰÿһӷ綼һţȴ콾ͨӡ
ҰŲͥԺȺ䣬мĴۣ㽫ˡ
콾Уȱľ콾ÿ϶һֶصϢеһеٳƮݣеţеҲֲˡ
ڶ콾鲨ģĴŮ֮⣬ҲΨЩϵǿˡ
ң콾ΪǿļһھŽʮĸĳεĵطҪҲס
Ұ̤ɵĲ뵽һͥԺ֮С
ͥԺ룬һⰻȻİ˽ͤԼɷԲͤһɢŵӫʯΣһ󣬱վʮͯӣֱźɫɫиѯʲô
Ұ˫΢ߵĻҪԤֵ֧һʱһ㹱ֵԤȶõʱ䣬ÿһʱĹ׿Ͽ۳㹱ף׿ϵĹֵĹ⣬ֱӳؾЩ೤ʱ䣿
ЦЦֵݳһϾƬ˼ĵ콾ʱ
ʱ߲мһɨһ۰꣬鲻ԸĽӹϾƬִʯһ鲼ĵɫ
ɫ΢죬˫ȴһգգߣĿг˻ȡ
ʱ㹱ףҲҪһöܹȡ
콾һĵ˵Ҫõֵǲܵ顣
һɫɢһɳ˵ϵĹ⻪һӶµķĴɫϳû뵽ϾƬϣصĻƣϾƬ֡
ţϾƬϷɳɫ㣬û뵽ɫ֮УɫĹԼһЩ
ĽϾƬǸ꣬䵭ĵѾ㿪ʱǰˣ̤ʱͿʼʱܹ㹱ף콾ˣ´μǵö׬Щֵ
Σ߲˵УҲ뿪
ϵıƽ쳣ĵ컨ȥɡ
ɣһͯǸŮͯһ䵭Զ
߹˹֣ںŮͯͥԺȥ
һĻҰЩп
콾УҲˡң콾Уʵϵԣûбµ˻ؿܵĴҲȫͬ
ҲΪ˼˵Ͻģб¾ȥ׬ȡֵû£̲Ⱥġ
̧ۿ˷ҰĿִӷҰϵСһɨ¶һ˿⣬䲻ȵĵҲҪȥ
ҰȻһЦ磬ѵб𣿡
΢΢üͷǸͯһһǸսĵӣʲôʴʣ
֪ĻбҪ𣿡ҰɫȻȴ¶һ˿⡣
ʵ벻֮У˾ʲô˵ĵط
Ϲ䵭ЦݣмڻشǸͯӲԹɫŷҰЦªţ򳬺ǿ󣬽ĵУⲻ˻ˣÿһͥԺ鵤ҩۣΪڶṩ㣬ʱ򶼻׼һЩ鵤ҩġ
Ұ¶һ˿ȻЦ⣬ԭһͥԺǿŽŻǸ鵤ҩĵط
ҰԼֳһĨɫ󣬽ߵΪҲ
ʦڡ
콾ҰҲЩ˽⣬콾յӲʳʲôﶼȵģչֵܲͬȨ
ʮ֮󣬿ѡ񷵻صԼҲѡ콾ְȫƾԸ
콾ڲĹֵƶȣҰͦģڴ˵Ҫ콾еõõԴҲҪ㹻Ĺס
ʮ֮뿪콾ʮĹ׾Ǽٵġ
ùֵ֮ĲۣǸСĿĴˣ콾̵ۼҲ˼Ĺףѹ콾ĵô
ǰλߣȻԺ绽꣬ȴ̫ڣв콾ĵӶﵽʦڣҲǰ콾ӣæ콾۵ҩģݹҲ͸챦̻ڸɵĵӲࡣ
Ұʦڵҩûʲô󣬸οǿĳ󣬾ܵˣҲ̵ʱڻָЩе鵤ҩ˵ǿпޡ
ԭҶڵҩ󲻴Ҿ֮ġҰȻһЦͯӵûзϡ
ȤȱȱĵҸոնС˵ģҲˣһʱһ㹱ֵʱ䷭ֵĹԶ֡ˣκ鶼һͬʣλҪĻҲҪֵ֧Ҳ˽ˣã
ҰóϾעһ˿֮Ժĸֳ֣ʣʮ㹱ֵ
СҲֱóһϾ˳ֵݸҰ
Ͼֵ󶨵ģÿһţƾڿһ˿ܹܸȨ
ҰڼǰСһ԰һţҲʮ㹱ֵҰϾҲʮ㹱ֵģɽٵʱٵ¥۳˶ʮ㣬ֻʣʮˡ
ÿʮʱɣҰֽϾݸߡ
ʮʱǾһˣҰĹֵҲˣʱ֧һĹֵ
΢΢£Ҳû뵽ҰСһֱ֧һĹֵʮ㹱ףǧҩҲ׾õˣҲЩȡ
˷Ұһۣ㲻ٶԣֵϾϿ۳ʣµǸͯӴŷҰ˸


277 ̤
Ǹͯ󣬷ҰŻСһ𣬴һСͥԺ󷽡
һǽ֮󣬷Ұٴμƺƴľ߾ŰپʮɣͨɢžӨ貵ľɫ⣬͸һɲɣõϢ
ǰ֮⣬ڰɫĻԭ֮ϣȴھ֮ϵ飬ûɵһɾη֮ġ
ǰǾԼȥɡͯӶһ仰תȥ
ҰĿɨܣ־ΧɿһĹŻ಻٣պþʮŸʱؿԼһŮŻ̤Ц
վھ֮⣬޷ڲֻܸܵһϵϢ
ǰľҰ׿˵ʱµʱǶôˡ
ĻÿÿҪʮ㹱ֵµʱһʮ㹱ף൱һʮİ׾
֮УҰǰȻ
ڵľʱľȫͬԲнɣ⻪ʡ
ǬƽչֳĽǱɽһǡ
Ŀȥһİٸв˶Ѿڵһ֮ߣеĻչǣ似
Щ˴Щǰʦ֣ȷҰǿ˵ʱ򣬱ֵҪǿĶˡ
ڷҰ˵һѾûκεѶȣûСһĴӵһдԽ˹ȥֱݽ뵽ڶ֮Уõõһ֮еĲ˶֡
ڵڶ֮УͬӵɷԲԱȵһٵöˣֻһٶ֮š
ڶ֮ӵŰٱڿ˵ʱ򣬷ҰͿռնУͻƵʦ֮󣬷Ұ;õ˼Ȼǲ塣
ȻûСһҰԽڶ㣬ٴ֮С
ϴο˵ʱ򣬷ҰǴﵽ˵㣬ڶ콾սһ
㣬ٱҰҲж磬շУҪ̤ȴЩѡ
ȻǶԵķҰ˵ڣҰżİյġ
СһԵҰҲ͵ôߣǵӰ첻ҲҪŬ
Сһﶼ˵ͷƵĽ뵽֮С
ǸŷҰĽ׶׵ģСȴͬȻͣԲľ磬ѹƵӣ÷Ұа档
˭Ҳ֪Сڵ׶ѻ˶ΪӣСڵսҲԽԽߣԽ÷Ұ͸ˡ
Ұ뵽֮УĹѪⶼɢһɹɳصѹӲ·ֺѹ·һ̫ɽѹϣײһĺ֮
ҰϤһЩ似ʼһֶó֮ȵȣΧѾ޷ԷҰ̫Ӱ졣
õ֮δȸ̬󣬴ʱó·Χ˲١
ˣ
Ұ΢ض˸貵ı⣬̤һ
һһϼҰеĻ罵飬õڵ֮Ůеһľ
Ұ̤Ųٴν䵽ƽϣҡҡͷԼոյıֲô⡣
Լոյϼʲôǿı֣ƲסԼҪõƿԼҪϵĶС
Ұ̧ͷͼ˻Сڣ⣬ٱ£ҲЩԲ
黹һЩıƶܵӰ첻󣬾СǸ񣬴ʱδȫɳٱҲѹС죬һԸϰշתŲ
Ұ΢΢˿СһȫĵͶ뵽Լ֮С
ǧεĳԣҰٴհһ̤ƽأû˿ķй϶ﵽַ豹ľˡ
ȻϵѤ⻪Ҳˣǲķ豹档
ҰһǰУոߵݵķΧڵʱϵϾٴ¡
óϾͼһϢʱ䣬ʣһӡ
ҰЦһ⹱ֵ治ãû·أһʱôȥˣֵģǿ찡
ڣСڶѾһ֮ˣٱڻûӰƵģСڵҲɣû˸սʱʹࡣ
ҰŻСڷص⣬ҵʱǸͥԺǽͥԺԽ磬ɽٴǱɽʱ֮ء
һ÷Ұ̵˹ֵãĥ׬ȡֵķ
ȻŲٵĺöʥĲ϶֣ʮЩҲޣҰûдЩȡֵ
˼ȥҰĿתƵ档
ڶҩɵҩֵ߰˱Ǳˡ
뵽ҰҪƷҩĵһǿ׳굤һǿ˿ٻָΪǬ󻹵ȻʹŻСٴ챦̻ڵƬ
Ұûʲôô׳ȡٵĹֵЩֵһЩֵҩҪϡ
УвҩڷҰƿռжӵУȱԼһЩϡٵҩģùֵһЩ
ӵŴҩģҰЩѵľ࣬㹻߰ٿƷҩģһֻʧܣʣµĵҩҲ׬һʡ
ҰľӴ⣬־ϸˣںʱͿƷҩѪ΢ϤһƷҩԳȥƣ


278 Ʒɵ
ƽ¯ȼ棬һŽɫĵҩڻеתţɢһɹƢĵ㡣
Ұվڻƽ¯ǰϹ޵Ц⣬˫ˮתŵ˶ɢһԵĵϡ
ǿŽɫĵҩŷҰĶٵתţ潥ĸֳһɫĵƣ·ǴƵģɫԽԽ
ţһɫڵҩϸ˳Ȼǻɫơɫƣĵڵҩɢ貵Ĺ󣬽һŽɫĵҩеá
ˣ
ӻƽ¯пʼһɹɵпʼ˿˿Ƶϼ⣬ĵĵƮ˷
ҰԴѾֲ֣˫ֵٱ䣬һǧĵ˳תٱѾĵҩٴμת
ĵƵɫԽԽȻһɫƸ˳Ȼɫ̫Ҳɢһµĵϡ
һƴʻƮ䣬ڻƽ¯Ͽգҩϵӳյ
콵ƣ
Ʒҩ
ڵ¯Ƭ̣ƻ뵽öɫҩ֮УõýɫҩϵƸӵ
ҰһŽɫҩʹӻƽ¯ڳ˳
еҩϵƣҰ¶һ˿΢Ц
ȻƵɫǳưҲţŵҩﵽƷ֮У
굤Ʒҩϴ㻹ವһ´ܵ˷ҰļϣɫβڷҰǰȥЦš
ҰЦЦѾȥ˽һ£ʱÿȥɽ֮⣬Ұʱ䶼ˡ
ƷҩɣһµƣеĵҩҲ˰˾ųɡյõҩİٶöʧһٶţʣ¼ʮҩĲδơ
ô൤ҩֻнƵöҩﵽƷ֮УҰȻƣҲеǳˡ
ңʱ˵һѵõİӣľҲЩ仯ľøӵľ⣬֮ϲ
Сڣ˯ˣඣȥֵ˳㹺һЩҪĶҰһŵСЦ
Сڵһ˶ϵëವһ´ܵ˷Ұмϣٴ
춼Ѿ뵽Žʮ֮еĳطȥˣҰŻСڸ챦̻ĹȺ䡣
̤ǱɽǰвãҰٴοǸϤǸ챦̻ı־콾ı־Щƣͬ
һȺУƻֺ꣬۴αȣݶ֮ܽϼһϵʥء
ڸ֮䣬вϢӵܴȥеڶһֵеùֵȡֱǸֵļƵġ
ҰŻСڣ˳챦̻Ĵſڽ뵽ȺУֱҩһֵĹΧ˽ȥ
濴ûʲôصĵطĿռȴ쳣ľ޴ɷԲɽӵĿռ󷨣ͬһްƵ̾
а˸ָĵҩеʢƿУеУеĸϻУƷֳǧĶƷҩ󲿷ֶƷҩƷҩƷҩҰ˸Ʒҩ
ڲŻļϡԼҲЩĸֵҩеҩݣеĵرеڵǸйصĶ
Ұϴŷѩʱ͵ƷҩҶȡһЩֵҲֱ
ʱֵ磬ҲʮŮָָ㣬ԱŸֵҩӵ㣬ѰʺԼĵҩ
ҰվſڣŸ߸߷ڱڹϷһ͸񶦣΢΢Щ
Ǹ͸֮УĸһöɵĵҩȻɫĵɢҫ۵ĹԣתһĪĵϡ
Ʒɵֵʥ׹
̫廪ѿɫ˫Ÿ߿Ǹɵһεӣ޲ھͰöҩ¡
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ҰȻоһɺƴѹԼϣɽѹͷŲط·嶼˿Ƶġ
и֣ϵĸ֣ңѹȷҰþϵħʹõҪǿ
ǹɺƴһûҰͷѾ΢΢Ȼĸоڶ
Ұף콾صǿߡ콾жѱ֮һĸһһȣ屦նɱߣҩҲͱûˣ챦̻Ⱥвֹһλǿ
ȺһﶼβĴڣոջſڵƷɵƣ߶ǵĹע
ҰһͷŻٶ˵ˣѾӭˡ
СһƢǲСոλһŵҩֻ֣ЩȰˣ⣬ҲˡһºͶʵڷҰȻǵ޵ĿҲʧӰ١
һƶ˵ĸ¥֮Уһֻжʮ˫ۣʵ΢΢¶һ˿ȣҡͷпһﶼܹϳ̫廪СҲǸǱʦǸмʶʦңҵľ֮̽𾪣ǳ
국ЦЦΪֱ۾ڷҰǲûи̫Ĺע
Ұͷ΢΢˿ĵ˻һۡ
ͷЩεϴҲǹģƷɵոҲǼ֮½˳û뵽ȴļһ
ҰԺעй¶͵űе׷ɱɡ
֪ˣ鲻˼ĵͷ
̫廪ʲôҰѯʡ
ǶԸڰɵ߾µʿǳ˶İˣԿҩ˷ܵĽ˵š
ҰĬƬ̣䲻˾䣺㼤ƨ¶Σˡ
΢΢һ㵣СҼǵǰ͵Եġ
Ұ£ҡͷЦһﻹ˵Ʒҩԣ飬Ҳûôֱʰɣ
վſڵ··һ߰𱬵Ľӱ𣬽Ұӳ˼˻
ͷȥһɫŮüͷվѩɫɢĹ󣬱ͦزӯһյСԲΣճǻġ
Ůò÷ҰһǰһĸоǸոձ˺ȳ⣬û˼࿴
˵ȳ⣬ҰҲЩΣȴҲ֪Լȷǵ˵췢ŮǸĵ˵ͷõһߡ
ףǻӣϳŮһգգĶź췢Ů
ԸеŮӣ˵˭˰ҺСѯԱߵˡ
˶ʶɣ콾ĴŮ֮𱬵Ļ廪ӣĴŮ֮ΨһһʦҪҩȡֵġһòõļһԽͣ͵۴Ż壬˫Ŀг˻ȵĹ
ǻ٣һŮæӭȥ϶Ц⣺۵ҩ룡
ɨ˷ҰһۣǸŮ֮С
ǸŮݺݵİ˷Ұһۣмĺȳһ֪һĵҩֻᷢȻס˻ӵĵ·дù·ԶԶģ
Ұû뵽һССŮҿڳԣһ䣬ǰĶסŮĵ˵һ飡


279 ͻ
ҰסŮоǱһͷľ׸סһ㣬ͷŶģزг˾壬Ұѹ˵
һĨȵϢգǸŮӷҰ¸˳ŭŷҰͱ˵ĵ㵽ǲ콾ĵӣһŮʲô
ٺ٣ÿγ۵ҩǴæСӵ˻ӵĵ·ǳҲӦãҷӶ˰ɣֻСֹ
ǰӵȻţƢȴ쳣Ļ𱬣ΪҲɲ⣬ôĻʹߣûԳ֣ͻ˰ɨϰġиС˵ţг˶ԷҰͬ飬·Ѿ˷ҰȥһĻ
֮壬׷߿ɲ٣˵ʮҲвֹһ׷ʮеЩһɶܹһսļһҪǳеһλСӿɾ군ˡЦ
ҰЩɨ壬˸ļµĹ
˵Ķżµջ󣬵ǷҰɲ±˼Ķޣ޶á
žգҰǵһ˿ЦĮĵ䵲·ÿѾÿ˵·Ǹӣֹʲô£ƾʲôſھ˼ҾӦãҾ͸޶ԣ
԰ǸŮõ÷Ұһ˿øҲȻ޴档
ҰҲڴҪΪϴʱ򣬲ûмƷҩȻЩԾ
ҩ浤ǳɵû죬Ҳ˵콾иƷʦ
˵еľƷ񵤣鶼Ƴ֮жûһƷʦǰƷʥҲҪʥϵΪУƷʦҲǷëǰϡ١ƷʦѾվ۷壡
Ʒɵټиɲǿ߾ŵõ÷Ұʱſڡ
ü΢ɫƵŷҰϸϸֽҰһǿʲôܲ飬˭
ò콾ǳģ콾ǼΪļһ֮ҲǿͿģû뵽ǰû¶ǳĲ
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һȻô˵
ҲѹӦԼǵж೤ʱû˸ô˵ˡ
ƶ֮ϣǸٴ˫ۣзµɫСһﹻİ䵭Ůע˵ǲ٣СҲ˰
ӣСӾȻô˵ѵѵһŽ˿۵߳Ϲ˷ܵЦݣȭͷϷһɫķģصҰظ
Ǹʦڵǿߣ˸ƻϣȥˣ׼Ӣ۾ȡĺøС
飡
Ұ쿪סȭͷȭͷϽҫҰʼ˿
϶ʼһ貵Ľɫ⻪еĲм𾪣ʵ޷ƽƽСΪʲôô̬
ʵҳۣɣҰһֽ̧궪档
ҰԲʱ򣬶սʤʦڵǿߣʱͻƵʦ磬Ըʦڵļһ練ơ
⻹ǷҰɱֵԵʣһĹ겻Ҳˡ
ҳˣ
ŵļһӶҪս
ԭЩ£ѹָôſ񣡴һϣ

Ұ˳ֽǸ˳ȥǵ˷зҪԷҰȺ֮
̧֣˻Ӷ£¶һ˿ջЦݣ΢΢׵嶯飬ԼԽ
ԣҲֹס˽Ųÿ˶ߺ޵ŷҰ޲úõŮǰһ
ڷҰûаøУҰĿǾȣ΢˼һͰѷҰǹ䵭ԼȤߣϵӵŨˡ
תҰ˫ŻƵģĵ˭͵ΪֹɣȥĻͻ˺ˡ
ҰƽĻӦҲ£Ҿ¡Ե޹ʾңˣҲֻظֻҪҵǸʹˡ
ǸдŮŭɫŷҰȳߣ챦̻ᣬиĿͽձȫΪ£챦̻Ȩ𣿡
лΪټ챦̻ͷĿǰ
챦̻ṫƽۣͯ޾£Դͻ̬˶ӣҲҴ챦̻᣿ҰЦ޾Ůв
ʱһѮҵʿӴ˳ŷҰ˱ȭĸˣŮأϣ֡
ȻʿתͷŮ񣬳﷢飬Ҳ˽ĲˣڳĵˣȥǸ
ŮȻҰ˳ۣҲΥʿ鲻ԸĵԲ𡣡
ҰƬ̣İ˰֣̲ĵˣԺԴ˵̬ȱôӣÿ˶˵ġ
ҲµģʿҰҲټ
㿴ûЩ飬ҾȸˡʿŷҰ˹֣ת˵ãߵʱ򻹺ݺݵĵŮһۡ
ȵǸʿ뿪Żһʯ̨ΪһȻ
һУŮĿӷҰɨɳӰĵӣƷҩİɣôʦһûеˣô൤ҩͱþˣһûҩӣ²ƢǲС
Ұ΢΢üͷֻҽеĲӬǹ˵ġ
챦̻ŮǴŮ츳ԶԶϲ콾ĵӣǸ콾ӷģ콾ĵӡ
ң콾ԶҪŨĶ࣬ҲԸõУ콾Ҳ콾ĸԴ
ֻǣҪõԴҲҪùֵȡ
콾УǵĹǮǹֵÿµĹֻʮ㹱ֵȻݸԵҵɣһٸ׵㣬Եõһ׵ɡ
һ㹱ֵ൱һ׾콾Уֻھ´һʱ
һʮ㹱ֵԶԶǻġ
Ǵ󲿷ֵʱҪڴ﹤µʱҪУûжʱȡֵ˶ָϳִ󷽵׬ȡĹֵ
ҲΪ챦̻Ů˽﷽Ҳͬ绪ƷʦõĴȫͬǱŮԷṩġ
ʱһɫȹŮӺ˳Ұ֮΢΢£ֱŷҰ˹ǳЦŵףⲻǷ𣿡


280 
ҰɻתͷȥĿŮϣһ˼Цԭƹ
ѩһδ챦̻ʱ򣬷ҰƷҩȡֵŮӴġ
ոŮһֱںãʿȥ֮ߵǰһ۾ϳ˷Ұ
ϴηҰҲȡٶ㹱ֵõŮҲõ㹱ֵɣڷҰǺܿġ
ƽҰõһԵʯǰ£˳ִӴָóһײߣִӴռһȪˮָһƻ棬衣
ܿ죬ĲƮɢȵˮ΢УΪҰһ裬ɢ㣬ֻȴԶԶȲŮ
ƹ鷳ӰɡҰƵЦЦᶶ˶Сһ˳ϣʹűӡ
СһﻹͦɰģǾ豭ɡǳǳЦЦȡ豭ΪСһһ
ΪҰ裬̲סĵϣãôڼҲΪ˰ϧѡĶôոռƷɵ;ôסˣҪ裬̫ûϢˣ㻨һ׵ȡ裬ֻǰ׷ˡ
ǰǴлţһЩ콾ӶҴҩÿٱǶɼʮ㹱ֵиŮһԲ̾Щ٩Ľ
ǰѰ趼𣬴ȴܹóʮ㹱һϺ裬ЩöۺˡиŵɫȹŮ˵ţһ˿ļʡ
˴Լһãĵõ˼㣬ǳϲָһȵĸоװںĵ˻ӵЯʲô˺ʲôĲ裬ӶչмӣҵȻҪ׼ЩòТӡ
Ӷ豭һڣ¶һ˿Ц⣬˿˷ҰһۣĵȻ
ϲˣ˵ͨ졣
һߣƵ΢΢¶һ˿ߺ죬ŷҰεЦЦ˼ĵҵĹǮߣѾܹóõˣ÷ӼЦˡ
ҰϹһĨƵЦݣ˿裬Цŵƹﲻؿ㽫ҵѶԴǺȲ軹ǺˮһҲǻƷˣҾͦġ
б˴һۣСһҲ̵ĺš
ںȲ裬ڵˮȡ
Уûû棬֪ĸɽ߳ģ˴޶һУ㻹ͦġг˲мɫҰĿǳŪ
΢΢üͷתͷȥ񣬽ű㿴˴ߵǸ壬Ϣ΢΢һͣջҧ㣬ô˵Ҷû£㲻ҵĿˣ
ϹЦ⣬һֽѵĿ˵ð˵㰡ϲܣ˷һ㹱ֵ裬ѧѧĽãŻʮ㹱ֵһ衣
ʲôĽðԾ˵ԼһֱͷԽС
ƵΣҲһӡ
ҰһڻԴϣЦ飬ʲôأ˼ҶȲˣҲʾʾ
Ŀɵɨ棬СצһΣһӨɫϣ˳Ƶǰںĵոպ˹裬ΪЩ͸ɡ
΢΢һԿԣ
һɫë˸ҡͷԵĵȻ츳
Ϲһ˿мЦݣߵԣ̷Ʒͨ鵤ſԿ˵İɣ˵ǰӾƹƷͨ鵤˵ʹõͨ鵤ǻġ˶ЩѰӾӲɣ
бŴ񣬽ɰĺ¶һ˿ŪЦ⣬ĵȷʵʲôöǼ顣
΢΢£˸һĨϲ֮ɫţְǸӨɫƻصǰЩĵⶫ̫ˣҲҪ
Ҳ£Ц飡۽ģƭ˭أõģٵİɣ
ǴŮڴѡҩĿˣ΢΢סˣȵŻǰӨɫš
򿪺ǣҡ£һƲŨ㴫̩ͨ
ŵ㣬ﲻһɣѵǴ鲻ɣ
΢΢һԼŻԾȻȷʵǴ顣
Կ϶ɫԱòÿˣղŵ洺һˡ
ղųԷдǼŮɫҲЩΣЩڡ
ŮаңҿԼոûеƺ꣬ȻԺҲٸǸùϵˡ
ļŮЩѡҩ콾ӶɫӵСֹš
׿ڿ϶Ǵ飬ҪǺüĻֵϵһҩˣôˣûǺøиŮгĽ
飬ĺöⶫˣǱﰡɱǿˡҸùϵϣֵܹиŮǳ۲
飬ûǴĻǰȥŻʱĳλ𶴸ⶫ벻и콾ӻ£ҰĿг˼ɵ

˵ĿתƵ˷ҰСһϣжڰԲ²⣬˵˭鶼ˣô
Ʋ۾˿ڲָֽˣٴƵǰЦƹ°ɣҸСڶˮȵġ滹Ժдͻ԰ڣֱôдУУʮ㹱һ裬Ҳֵó԰ڣޣʲô
ǶŴԣոմڿĶڱͷҰСһɲǳԿôݺݵĴˡ
ɫһһ죬˵ķǳĲȻոյָһȵĸоȻ޴档
ΪѵĿŷҰԶǴĶΪ̫ضա
Ұ˵ͷЦ°ɣСһ˵鶼࣬Ǳˮȵġ
лӣƼҰлпѡ
û뵽гһգԼҲ˻Ե
˿ѹеܣŻЦӣǴʲôҩǱǼһӦҩģ۵ĵҩǡþҪġ
˵ĿٴתƵͻϣ뵽Ʒʦݣ˵ĿٴγĽֿʼС·ƷʦƵġ
ҰŮ뿿ŻƷʦصӰ
ϧҪʧˣ


281 ɻ
ɫôÿҰѹס˷ͷҲ˻ѹҰһͷ
ֻΣһʮ͸ƿϣÿƿжװһŽɫĵҩĵ˸ŵӫ⣬ɢһĵĵ㡣
ƵĿ˷ҰһۣŴǳЦʮöǬ󻹵Ʒҩ鷳ðתɹֵ
һ־ʮöƷҩһöһٵ㹱ֵʮöҲǧٵ㹱ֵӲ˳Ưֶθ۰и콾ıסˣɫʯ
ʮöƷҩɾʮ㹱ףĽǸɫȹŮĽ
һ죬ʦϡȱ˲ţӴùϵԺɵĹ׵ǡǸɫŮҲʱسԣվ˴һߡ
ϹŽЦݣҲٴθ߸ߵİͷ­бŷҰ·ԼøһЩ
ƽ뵽ѯʷҰ⣺ӣ֪ǰҪҩǳ۵ҩ
Ұû˵һɹ֪õЩ飬԰ڣߣҩİɣҪҪǬ󻹵ǲҪģ
Ұµתͷͷȥҡҡͷźƴˣ۵ҩġ
һּŪ˼һ۵ҩҲҪ۵ҩһƷҩɣѵǶƷҩĸطõƷҩ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ٴҡҡͷƽĵźֹƴˣԼƵġ
б˻һۣɵĵˣϴҲһǬ󻹵
Ұٶԣӣʮ͸ƿϣÿƿжʮŴСȵԲҩҩϵĵãƵɫȻƵЩҩӵ̡
ͬǬ󻹵ҰƳɹЩȻƵĵҩЧҪǿö࣡
ʮƿÿƿʮöҩܹİö
ңƷҩ
Щҩֵ׵㣡
ֱ걬壡
˶ǰľˣ˿ŴͣһգգĶϵʮƿһ㡣

˶Һþ޷ƽ𱬵
İöƷҩʲôдֱʣŽдֱʣ
ֵ׵㣬Իȡü׸߼ˣոպ˵ԼƳģҲǸƷʦ
ηˣɾİٵ㣬һˣ
ǰͬǬ󻹵λƵĺЧǿһЩǲ˼飡

ɫ쳣Ұóĵҩٴѹķͷе쳣ı
Ŀɿڴг˻ںޣԺԼϷҰ
ɫŮµŮһۣг˿ɬһֶ֣ˡ
Ŀ𾪵ϵƿԶÿհһƬòŷӦ㶵ŷҰԳԵĵ⣬Щ㣬Ƶģ㶼ꣿ
ǵģһɹֵɡҰ˵ͷʲôһһƿٴηŵϣĵˣϻһöҩҲһһ˰ɡ
˵ĿٴξۼϣǿҩƵʱǳ׵ʯˣȫ޷Լ顣
ƣƷҩ
һʼͱ˿꣬ȻǸƷʦ
ƷʦǿҪͿʱҲƷʦòΪ˺룬Ҳύ
ңǸôƷʦȻΪƷʦƷף
ɫһƬǳ׵ˣκη涼ѹţгŭƫƫһ޴ӷйĸо
ߺ޵ŷҰΪǷҰӣڷҰ쳣ļǺޡ
ֱƿеĵҩɫڳƵģŭһֱӽʮöҩ뵽ָ֮УֵҲһˣͷҲصĳ˳ȥ
ӣĹֵûһأɫҰ׵ľ
ߣطûңԺ󶼲ˣңң
۵һѪɫ쳣ѿǳ˸ƵģӶˡ
ԷǸƷʦȻ˵ԷǸûҩӣڿԼǸӣ
ңһֱĲ壬ҲѾԺٽ˵ء
ɻ
ĺӣͷˡ
бŴ˲ĵɣո鷳λʲôѾͷˣϧ˼ҿǣǵ⣬ֻ鷳ƹˡ
ɫҰףģ˹ȥ
أԲӵоҩ϶ܴ
Ѿ˹ȥվͬһսߵŮʹ֮ɫԺվӪ
ƶ֮ϣǸϹһĨЦݣҡͷڵ˰ôϲͷʮ˾Ʒʦѹָһ޶ϳ̫廪ǰ;ԴףҶƿЩɶˣ֮ϲ
ϵƿϳ˾ϲɫƵġ
ãλӻأ㻹Ͻ˼Ҷһ˹ֵһŵɫȹŮţβסĽ
ǸոմƵģŷҰǸȻЦЦǸոʧ̬ˣζһĹֵ̫࣬ҪƹĹĿ֮󣬲ܸӶһֵ빫Եȡ
ҰЦŵ˵ͷðɣҾŰɡ
ƽ֮УûãǸʿͼ˳˫ĿŹϵĵҩƿЦݣĵ굤Ǭ󻹵󲿷ֶƷҩиƷҩŰ
ҰЩ⣬û뵽ʿȻϳ굤ԼֵҩͨĺƵĵҩ
Ұ΢΢˵ͷĵƹģƹ˵ҪĿ£Ϳɡ
İöƷҩһöƷҩһǧֵƣλӶһֵɡˣһֵͿɺھ˳Ͼھʿܸɴ˵˳Ȼݸһźɫ龧
챦̻ڲ龧Ҫ̫龧ֵֻܽ챦̻ڲ龧
ֶһ㶼ڸϣֻһЩ׵ʱ򣬲Żó
ھҰЩ⡣
ʿЦŽ͵ھ챦̻һĿƬܲٵŻݡ磬챦̻ṺһöƷҩҪһǧһٵ㹱ֵھֻҪԭۣһǧ㹱ֵ͹ˡμỹרŹ䣬ͬȨǰ֪Ʒȵȡ
Ұ΢΢ͷھЩõġ
ƴʿ˳ϲҰǰ֣ĵӣϾóɣһӦĹֵ
ҰóһϾᶶ˶˫磬СһĬĸóһϾ˹ȥ
ҰЦСһϾϣÿһֵ˳¼ʣµľʹҿɡ
˶ЩŷҰû뵽ȻøСһһһĹֵڰ޷Ұ塣
΢΢һҲٶԣһźھϾͿʼ
ǰɣĸʿ棬ʹӵĴǣʿŷҰѯʡ
ҰƽıԼ֡
ҰϴιȡֵʱǸųһģѩһ淽ҰѡҩˣͷѩĹϵЩ˲֪
ǷҰ콾ϵһ˵ķҰѩĸ磿ʿ˫ĿŷҰʳ⡣
ܳΪһҩĸˣ콾зһЩ飬ȻҲ˽⡣
ٰҰЦŻӦ
ڶ콾ŮɫŷҰС̸š
ԭǷҰ˵и磬û뵽ȻǸƷʦ
ǰǾ콾Ʒʦ治֪ʲôļ
콾ϵһˣ鴫

ʱѾû˻ǵǰǸΪһȵĴˡ
ܿ죬ƾͰѹֵһˣҰջźھƸһתͷ뿪


282 
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ϴǰо¥ʱӣϳ˷ܣë׵צңָǰһ
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ļٵģ컯飬ǿɶǴ˵еĶôУң֣ЩôôϢ˶ôš
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򣬷ҰҲС˵һƬ磬Ÿе߶ɱһȺеǿҲǡ
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ϴô齫һУʹľ׽ţɫ͵˳£ѯŷҰ
Сһ԰žƱʵŷҰһԾԾԵӡ
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ҰСһ극챦̻ĹȺȥ
ո߳챦̻ĵ̣ϾʹһϤ֣
ͷȥҰͼԻϹźЦݣ˫˸Ĺһ۵ȡ
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ϹŴݲȵЦݣĵ콾УκԴҪֵȡҸոȥЩֵ
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һƬĹȣҲ԰ھŽʮ֮һ콾ͨĵطһϵʯš
ʯһЩ߲Ŀ̺ۣһʥƣһĶħѪǣض졣
ʯųµĺۼͨڤ˼ͨƵģ콾һɽš
ңңȥʯűһ϶ɽ壬ͨһ㵭Ļɫż¶ʯϷŹİɫ˳
콾еÿ˶Կɽ壬ȴûһ˿̤ɽ塣
Ϊɽ콾ĵطֻһʯţ̤ʯ֮󣬾ڡ
û֪ɽҲû֪ɽλںηɽǼٶ֪
оֹɽ鴫֮ϵʯѵõһ콾˷ܵĴӴ˴̤УҪѰԼĻԵ
ҰԸϵʱ򣬹űѾвڵȴˣԼϤѣһС
ңңģһɴյŮӭ峺Ĵ۾˸һĨϲɫһӣӣܹ̫ˣ
벻Ϧ΢ҲڡҰɻתͷ­ЦŴк
ҲЦͷܵ˿˿ɫˮԼΧĵɫɢһЩ徻
Ϧ΢ŵϼ⣬ǳЦλҲ˵з飬ɽϦ΢ҪȥԻԵֿƵλһҲЩˡ
ڷҰͷ˦ŽɫβͣµҸСء
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˴Сһһ̤Ϲţû뵽Ũ֮С
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ʵĻһļֵɱеĹɽֵҪǿöˡԱ߿ݷǷӿڣԼ޾緭ϵ»޷裬ˡ
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˵ĿⶼתƵһͦεϣǸΰ꣬⣬üˢᣬ̺˱ըԵ
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ӦʦֿʦԲǿߣǶҲǸոͻƵʦˣӦʦֶԸҲû𣿡иг˾ȡ
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˭ǵ¾ˣһͻƵ磬ʮ֣Ҳû˿ѹϧ

Ұ֪ԼѾôǿļһˣȻԶ˲ǰС
ǵǰУܵĻɫԽԽŨȻֲָ
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ջɵһƬƮ˿˿Ƶĺɫ˿ǰɫӲʯͷһĨ쵽޾Զ
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ͷȥ콾е࣬ʯűҲͨһϵɽ壬㣬Ƶ֪ǻá
Ϧ΢ӽ̤գȶУŴϼתɽǰһǧ⣬ʤЩΪǿļһһ·ϻЩС鷳е׼
Ұ΢΢¶һĨȣѾѯ˳˵Ϧ΢ӣô֪ô


284 ɽѣ׳
Ϧ΢ӾϹŵЦݣеӯӯˮɽʱҾڵȻ֪Щ
ɫ΢µѯʵŶǶڹɽ˽Ⲣ࣬Ϧ΢ڵĻ˽ӦøһЩ͸ϸ˵˵
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˽²ͣϦ΢ӲĽйعɽϸĽ˵һ
Ϧ΢ԵϢ󲿷ֶҰĲ࣬ؿѣɽɷѪ졣
ɽΧڶ콾Ӷĳɽϧ̤ɽΧˣȫɽеɷʴһѿݹǡ
Ȼ󣬹ɽΧһȦɫа磬ɽΧڣڶ콾赲⣬֮٣֮ɢ
а쳣ĹŹ֣ȻɢһϢѹȴûжʲôʵԵ˺ֻһЩ־ᶨ֮޷
ǵ󷽣оɷ֮ʴаƣһϣɽڲȫڸסˣܹӦ˿˿⡣
ҰһۣжŨ𾪣콾ɷܹ֮콾ţ󷽵в϶Ҫɽ֮УǼ׵顣
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飡
һ̶ĽʯײҰֱоһɴϴĽѪⶼһּĸо
ҰǿȱһҪǿɴ£ȴȻһԿĸо
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Ұд󾪣ɴź󷽼ٵˣڰµӰжɴɫ΢΢ס
С࣬ҴҵĵϿǲ֪һɭĹЦһͷǧɾЫ·ĴϣȫһɫĹ϶ɣЫβ񷣬ѵλɭɭ棬͸һаѹ
ոշҰµģͷǧɾЫЫβһɫĳɢļµĹ
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Ұڷ糱ӿ϶ʼɢɫһɺƴ͸˳ħսΣЫβƬ̣ԸٶȳԶ
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ҰЦԹˣΣղ٣СھȲҪ¶ˡ
һϦ΢ſ̴ڣһϼ˸ƣٵĻС˿˿ϼ潻һõӰϦ΢

һ촫Ϧ΢Ըٶȷ˳ȥǸĹ⻪࣬г˾֮ɫ
ھԶĲ෽Խ¹⻪һ貵Ļ⣬ǸЫβԶȴδ¶ŵɫ
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ҰЦϦ΢˭Ҳ벻飬ûʲôˣ龪һˡ
ҲЦǵģ飬ҲǿԱ־裬˵Ҳʲô¶
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ǰвãͿһɽֱ񷣬߿޾ĺڷΧǱ̵аڹɽХ
ڹɽΧһɷ֮ĿĵƮţһصգɭֲϢ
ںڲԼתŻϢɽеһжڸڡ
ɽϿգһѪ˳ڹ·ɭ޵ɫʣһѹȸС
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һŵа̤Ϲɽֳһʥ͵ӰԼʥоϸ
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285 ּٴ
ɽѣʯ׳ب񷣡
ʯ׹޻沼ģĿ̺ۣеĻ棬еٳĳеʥͽ̻ͼģʣµĲɣС
Źֵǣʯײûκγڵĵطû˿ԣû˿Ĺ⻪һƽƽĹײƵġ
ڸոտѵĹɽѷ֮Уȴ͸˿˿ƵĻ⣬ֹ໥֯ŵѪ͸һļµѹ
ɽڱӹɽгʯȴƽƽ棬һֺܹĸо
ʱɽѷڵĴһЩģǸոյɽѷڵЩ콾ӵ
ǿѹǸ˽ɫ̫ʥѹҪǿö࣡ѵʥ𣿡
ǰǱĲʺʯѹҲֲ̫ˣȻһʥ
ǸɫìĲǺƾҲһʥìҵˣ
Ҹҿ϶һżǱսҲһǿʥ󷽵ѹǿ˵
ʥ̫ǿ޷

Щݵ콾ӶסˣţϾӿֳϲɫԳ嵽һѷǰ棬Źɽѷȥ
Ȼп˶ϲһ޴ѷУƬ̶ͣ
ÿѷ˶Ѿ϶·˵˵ҪɽڵıΪС
ҰҲٵĳ嵽һ޴ѷǰ¿ȥ
ѷǸ޴ԨԨ±ں·ɭɭ׹ǣеĹ滹Ÿɫ⻪Ѿʧȥԡ
Ԩ׹ѻĵطһɢŶĿǹĹӳڵӡŹӵĻƣǹ䣬ɢɱԡ
һصѪɫΧĹƮӳ棬һɹǿʥڹӳת
ӳԶĵطһ˺ɫĳìڰ׹Ƕϣ浴һɫƣҲΧеѪɫʥݡ
ԨԶĵطĹ⻪˸ʥ֪ʲô
ʥѹ쳣ĺƴѾȥڶ콾޷øֶκŸʥʥѹ࿹⡣
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Ұ̧ͷͷĹʯףֵͷŹɽѷڿ˿üͷ΢΢𣬲ûмɽѷС
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Ұüͷ壬ܸоЩʲôƵģҲΣʯףڹɽڲ
ŶŶһ˵ЩʲôȻԶԼžɫ⻪һû¶һ˿ĪЦ⡣
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Ұɫ΢ѯʵСڣ㵽׷ʲô
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Сҡҡͷǿеؽˡ
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ʱԺϦ΢ӳ񲻻ΪԼǹⲻǶȡʥ
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ʯѵĴ촫ҰһʯĩµĹɽȫʧǰɫأʯҵķֲϣǶѵĽЩطż߲֪޵Ĳȱʬǡ
Ѿڹɽˣ
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Ұ֪⵽˰㣬СһȰнħĴ˷
֣񣿡һĹЦǰ÷ҰһϤĸо
ҰĿһͼһԶңңϵʱ޿̲ٱţܵ˿˿Ƶƣ˳Ʈݵĸо
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ң¥ңҿɲǡưٴʵ¶ɫһ˿⡣
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˭ҰĶͦε꣬һ̫ɽѹҲС
ӦɻͦɴĻش
콾ʮеӦɻкζԹҰŨü΢¶һ˿Ц
ӦɻҡҡͷЩУʵĵ㲢޶ԹֻʦԣϺһҷǳȤ
ҰһɫĮĵɽʥȴʥܲʣңҶЩˣϵʲôôˣ
ƶɱκεʥҪǿö࣡Ӧɻſڵ񶦵֣г˻ȡ
Ұͫ΢ЦЦˣƶôϣ˵ˣƶĳĻѸˡ
ưٴһԴеûƶҲȻ֪ƶ䣬ȻĻҶ㵱޵еģ
Ұ΢΢˿Ҳǲ²⣬ûаտ϶Լӵƶ
ǰЩˣҰûôϡ
ʱǣƳȥ֮󣬰;ɱѵưٴɵ
ϾֻưٴԼоԹưٴģҰҲһȻưٴĻʹ
ǣưٴ֮󣬷ҰѾԿ϶ưٴĻʹ
ΪϴϮɱԼǸһǸʦԲļһưٴĻʹٳֵĻ϶ǿİ֡
񣬶ʵȻҲǿΪߵҲֻǸʦԲĸ֡ưٴϴϮɱĻʹĻһʦԲġ
ɾӵľŲۣ֮ҶֱӵҰ޵У²ֹưٴһ˻Լƶ
ưٴĻֻ˭أ


286 ޵е
Ұ֪Ҳ֪ﱾ²СǽӦʦҲѷɣưٴŵĻ˷Ұĳ˼
Ұ磬ڷ޷裬ĵѹ㣬ҵѣٸǣҾͻῳԴ죬˭ҲȲ㣡
ϴϮɱĻʹ˭ưٴϮɱԼҰûȥ
Ұԣưٴ¶һĨɫʧЦûɣӦʦǰȻвңЦ
ҲЦȻûаѷҰвϡ
һѩսĿԨsվڷҰǰ͸һŨѹϵĵԸ㣬ӦʦֳŵͿµ
Ӧɻ˫ĿŷҰıųĬûֹŵ壬ŵҲǸʦڵǿߣŵȥԷҰʵ
ҰֳħӲʵϲһ㺮˪Ƿһ˿Ц⣬ĵƾ㣿
ƾңŵŭһ˫űһ̽ԵѩսУڻ谵·ɭȻ⣬·ĶͷƵģѹˡ
Ұħбָ죬ӿֳһһǰĵƣ˶ɢĵâһ쵶ӴĵƽΧĿݹǶʳɷ顣
ҰԽԽߣŵжһĨأȷҰ۵㣬˫еսתų˳ȥսƵĽת֮ն˺ѿһڵͨ
Ұ˫ĿжȻųâ̧ǰ̤һ󲽣ƬضĽŲ£Ұ˳ƽħն¡
񷶼£ħ˸ɫâصն˼ѩս档
ʱ·ֹͣһ˲䣬ţսԸٶȻŵУ˫Щ
ڸոյײ֮УҰ˶ǻΪһ쵶۰Ե飬һ򵥵նȴǴƬصк£ѹסŵ˫
һõӦɻưٴ˶еЩ⣬û뵽ҰƣʦڵΪӲʦڣռϷ磡
ڻͨƶһּĵزԼ򵶻ݻƣҲǲ治֪ʲôֶΣӦɻһţŵ뷽Ұƴɱг޾Į
ʵѹֻʦ˼ɵϧȴңŵһЦϿʼųҫ۵Ľɫâֳһͷɫ񻢣ǧ֣֮Х񷡣
ŵ˫صĹ켣תţеһû뵽ڡ
ţһʽͬı״Ĵи˳ٵּе˫˹ȥ
ŽɫĵĻۣսϸԸֳһĽɫͷ޾ĹĴ˷ŸͷϻۣսΧնʼŤΡ
ŵһͷɫ񻢺𶯲񷣬ɫ񻢽µ쳣ãɫ񻢵ȴţ·һͷƵġ
ʦֵǻХڽϵĶ󣬽𻢺𶯣еӳǿһƮݵԣͣȻŵƳ硣
ǰʦֵĵ֮󣬹ȴǿĿ¡е˫ѳԽһ׸߼ϵʥˣСӳŲ˶ˡһ꿪ڡ
ҰҪսĥ³Լĵδֵ֮ڰգƽڽ
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ҰӰɶħϵĹ⻪΢΢һЩڸոյĶԾ֮УֵıѾԶԶ׸߼ķ룬ħҲֻܱԷѹס
ʱ򣬷Ұа˼ĸŪһʺԼսˡ
Ȳ˵еħǸһʥ񵶣ʼղԼĶ޷ϡ
Ҫ뷢ӳԼȫʵҪԼһʺԼıսС
սڱһ֣ҪԼ˽֯һ
ƱϿѡѰõĲ֮󣬿Լ뵽֮Уñøǿ
ڣҰȻЩˣؼжʮΪЩ黹ҪܵƵĲ
վҲԼıֻԼƵıܹԼͨԼȫӳ
ڸѹҰʱҲûпǣԼ֮λңԶ˵ˡ
ս֮УҰҲϾ̫ࡣӰˣŵӰΰĸٴξսնҰ
Ұڵķӿɢҫ۵ɫâǸɫ̫һ㣬ڰлĻȣеħӭս¡
򵥶ֱӣȴ̺һǰİԵ
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Ұħһ㣬ڰٴλȣֳħٴն¡
Ұ˾ŴΣÿһζԸǿĶ־Ͷ뵽ս֮УеħĹȴԽԽھŴιħȻڷ
ҰħĴļ˶еľӦɻٴϵķҰԽԽأȥпܻᱻǹɷħʶһֻ֪ɱ¾ĿܣͦȥпܻữԼ޵е꣡
Rॣ
һ촫ħսʮײһ𣬽֧һ˲䣬ͱսնΣ
ħѵ죬Ұ˲쳣һȻ۵ף͸һ޵еһĵâг𣬽Ϸɲ񷶼˺ѵĴ飡
ֶеĶϵҰָ絶ֱָ񷣬˳׻Ϊһ쵶
ŵûɵķһ˿־ĸоսŷҰŷҰȻնȥ
Ұ˫ˢһ¶ŵУָ絶ŵ£貵ĵâѸٴܳ
һͽŵǰеȫסڶŵе˫ֶŵͷ­˳ȥϻЩŵɫ
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޵е൱һֵ似ֻȴӵأҲӵֻԼʩչǶȫľſʩչ
ʵߣԼԵ̣֮޵еҲӿ¡
ȻҪʩչȫ޵е꣬Ҳô׵飬ԾҲ
޵е꣬Խս׵ʩչҲܹӳǿ
ǰǣӵԼȫϵıս


287 ɱ
ħ飬ᶨ˷ҰҪԼıսľġ
Ӧʦ֣ɱʦ֣ưٴ΢΢Щ޵еҲǷ
ҰĿ츳Ӧɻеһļ£ڷţһҪɱ˷ҰԲܷϣ
ӦɻĮû˿飬ȵǲˣһɱý֦ɱ֮󣬹ɽﻹʥڵǣ
ԱϣӦɻӰ˲ԭʧ
Ұ״ֳ̬һƬ𺣣ϸֳһĹģȭͷų貵ĹâԵĺһࡣ
һͷ̫̫ŽȭͷϷͣչᣬǰĲ񷶼һڴ
޵еĹȻǿ󣬵Ƕھ̫Ұոն޵еھľ쳣ء
ӦɻӰǡôӰ˳ҰȭͷѳҲ¶һĨɫ׼͵ϮһصĻڷҰȭͷϡ
䣡
һ޴ĺҰ߰˲ϵϢһҵķڡ
ҰոͻƵʦûãǿԶͬ񣬾ӦɻδȫҰҲȻʦԲӦɻ
ҹңʱҲֻֻܲʶӣҰӲӦɻһǵ˼ҲԺˡ
Ӧɻ콾ʮ֮һںܾ֮ǰѾﵽʦԲ磬ʱṳ̂뵽磬ҲȥԶˡ
ҰԼӲƴһ֮󣬾Ȼûܵʲô˺Ӧɻ΢΢Щ졣
֮෴ʣµļλ콾ӵȴ˸һ˿ɣոշҰնɱŵǶеľӦɻѹƣǶܹ衣
ͣ
ҰѿһݷǷ˫дܳɫצҰ
ҰͷĻ̤ĲһŽһͷɫȳ촷ۣ岽̤һҲΪɻҡ
ȵ̤ƬնʼĵݺݵĲǿݷǷϡ
ɫ䣬ſһƱ鲼ɫƣ赲ԼǰͬʱԼٺˡ
飡
ɫƽ֧һ˲ͱҲ϶ٵĺˣǿԵĲ
ʥԳɽͷɽʥԳոҰٴνһӦɻ¶һĨ𾪣žͳ˿ϲ
ʥޣ˵еǿޣɳΪվã̤Ҳ̫ѵ飬Щпܻ̤ʥ͵ľ磡
õһʥޣԺԼžͿӵһͷĴػԼȥɣ
ʥޣ֮ϲӦɻ˫ĿȣǰͷʥޣǴڱص֮ġ
Ӧɻ쳤Хһɫ޷裬ֳһֻͷƽʨͷ­üиһۣһиֳĳһиֳõĻ棬мǸиֳİ̬
ͷƽʨͷ۽˸ԼĳͬʱŷҰɱ˹·ҪѷҰһȥ
Ұһϵħٵ뼺һӵһƬĻ𺣣Щ⾰ûͱܵĻճޡ
ӦɻɫŷҰЩŵľ֮ôܣ
ѾıԵҲ޷ǿ߽а壬ҰʱչֳѾȫǿӵеͲܹ˵ġ
Ұ¶һĨ΢ͺȵСڣסˣһܷŹ
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һĻСȻɫһɫ⻪˳ѸٵܣΧļȫڡ
ɫĹ⻪һÿһռжХ磬ֳǳɽľӺƻõӰ·һļӦɻȫС
Ӧɻ˵ȫ˸ֵɫΪӵưٴΪӦɻÿ϶ֳķģûκһ˿ѣ
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ͬʱҰҲ֣һֻƴСȸеĻ֮г˳˷ܵһֱΪߵӦɻ
Ӧɻϳȸг˾֮ɫüеĹ⻪һһɫϽü˳ɢһɵʥСڵľ綼ѿһѷ죬˿ٵĺˡ
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ӵÿ죬ӹȸ׷ɱƴȸ·Ƶģ˲Ӧɻǰźɱ˹ȥ
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ʦԲֽһ㣬һ͸ĿΧѪյĽһƬĿġ
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ӦɻΧ˿˿Ŀռ䲨ţ˫о¶Īɫ
ش֮Ѿ޷ٽ˲ƣ
ʱҰĵڶֵˣһͷɫȸϳͣһ򻯰ȸӡӦֶ
䣡
شӦɻٶȸӡĹɱȸӡصĺǰǼ򻯰ȸӡҲܹܵġ
ӦɻֱֱŷҰ˫г˻ں޵ɫʣڣѾʮİտԿ϶ҰƶȻżĹϧȴ޷õˡ
ǳԼǵ˷ҰȸӡܹӵУҰǿѾ
Ļһ˲䣬ͱȸӡ
Rॣ
ضϽڵϣ˼£ڰɫĴϡ
Ұ˳ʰϵİضϽķУϽɢһɺƴʥ׽һλΪ顣
ְֳضϽҰǿвƵģ׾ͽʣµļ˶ֻʣưٴһˡ
СѾ˴󲿷־ưٴԼ򵥵ĻҲȥ
ưٴ˫г˾ɫһ˿ϣжŷҰ޵ɱң֣үүүүүһʱͿһ·ɣ
ҰĮǰưٴʵû뵽õһĴˣʱ򣬻ֵų
֪һĹص䣬ֻҪңҾͰĹصϢ㣡ưٴధֻԼһĨ΢ɼԹ
ڣưٴƷҰһѡ
ҰЩǰưٴ̾˿֪գαص
ҰжϽһͣưٴΪ˾š
䣡
Ұոս˵Ĵָ£͸оԶһɾ춯صĿֲʥ
ңңȥڹɽڵλãһӳֱ񷣬ͨɢŶĿǹ⣬ԶĿõʥХƵ
һʥĳˣ
ҰֱдҪкСһֱ˺һڵĿռѷ죬ûУŹɽڵĵط˹ȥ


288 Ͻ
һɽΡȻһʯ׾ʯ׵ĲԶһǹĹʥֱ񷣬ʥ
Ұٴθϵɽʱ򣬾ͼһһӰӹɽڳ˳ȫĹϿյǱʥ
ʥһʥδˣʥڵ˵Ĺ
ʥ̺ѹ޾ڶ콾ϵĹʥѹҲڿٵţЩĿǹҲ
ҰԼ͵Ϯתַ֮ʲô飬ûäĿȥǱʥʥ֧һʱ
ҰֱڹɽϵһѷϣͷѷȥɽڲԨе콾Ѿʣ¼ˣ󲿷˶ڹɽΧйŰеǱʥ
Ҳǣڵص׹ǼʥҲǽһʥӹɽڲ˳
ٹʥҲ޷ʥΪãһҪȰЩʥӹɽмȻ뷽շ
Ԩ֮ʣǼˣҲǱŽҵҲǼ콾ֻýϣԨڵļʥˡ
Ұ濴һۣоͷһëȻĸоƬ̶ȥٶ㵽ԶȻŹɽг˾¡
ڸոգܵһľ壬·궼ҪƵġ
ָоһţҰ̲סЩɣոָоǻã
ʱǱʥʥѾ΢ɼڶ콾Ҳӻ
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֮Բ㡭¬ʣȺһУһɢŽĴִ³۳һâʥ
ͬʱ콾Ҳ
һаṲ̊һ˿ոѿһѷ죬Ǳʥ
һƤ̤һƹף̧ӳһڿ˸˻ĻɫɥӣӸ߿·Ǳʥ
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Ϧ΢Ӽһɫޣ˻ʥ
˼һϵС룬˼˻˶طȫƴǱʥ
Ұܾʥֻʲô飬ټԼʥľҲңԶûгᡣ

Ȼɽ洫һĲҽƬ̣ûκϢ˾㤵Ϣӹɽѷ˿
ɽ˶ȴϾᣬҪһʱ佫ǰʥյԼ˵
ȵǱʥϣ־ǱʥϵĹʥĹӳԣ˸ϵС֣ơ

ۼԼѾ޷ǵٶȣŭҡһɫĲ˰ǡ
һЦһӸֳһƬǿգһſ貵ǳɢŶĿĹԣǹۣ֮кȻɳƬĻ档
ǹ⣬ɫ̫ʥӲһ£ǽһסǱʥʥϲѹƺû˿á
ǱĻʱվԶķҰоڵ̫΢΢£ȻǵӦ
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ǳ𣬴˵еľŴ֮һ˶û뵽ǾȻӵд˵еǳ
ʱ˳Ȼ޷ʥ࿹⣬ҲΪȡƬ̵ʱ䣬һסʥ
ֵԼһϹȻǱʥʥȫ֮Сʥٴαâٴαʥһɫ̫ʥ˳ȥ
ʥ֮Ȼʱ޷ָ۷ʱܣҲ֮ʱܹģ̫ʥ춼޷濹⡣
ʥпʥ׸߼
ڶֵжЩʣͬʱЩѽ⣬ʥڲʥɲһλΪǿҲ˲ͽ仯ΪУֱǲ飡
ԶҰͫ΢΢סǱʥʱ򣬷ҰķһĨɫ⻪һûȻ󣬷ҰڵǸӡǾȻ¡
ҰĿĶǵƣѹһһٵĵ
ǽɫҲЩȣᶶ˶ɫë¶һ˿Իأ϶ҸоˣϽ޵Ϣ
Ұ΢΢˵ϽѾû뵽Ȼǵϣ
ѹ׿סǱʥȫΪϽ޵Եʡ
ЩĵߣϽ޽ڶʮ趼ǰϧϽǽϵԴ˫ֻǸƶû޸ʱκεȻ͸
Ұй⻪˸Ҫ˵ģƭ˵ġ
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ϾӵǳӵϽޣոջõڸ߼ʥʥ뵽˾֮УǵĻԵʵС
ңʮÿһصоϵħҲȥȫ״̬Ͻޡ
ðȻΪԼһУʵǡ
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Ȼӹɽѷгһ޴ޱȵĺɫӰӣӰ֮ȫΪ룬һǧɴСմѷٵΧӣһɼֲƴӹɽ·ϯ
ӰһŴĳƵģݿĺɨһУ
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Щ˶ңңȥȡﾡ٣ǱҲܵ˲ˡ
Ҳ˶ʥУ˴յüģȫںӰ»Ϊ飬һ˲䶼ûֵܵס
ʥԿ⣬˶ܵĵðһ״Ŀ־塣
ҰңԶ˫ĿиֳһĨɫĹ⻪ĿǵӰĿ
һǧɳľ޴βͣ沼һƬƬ޴ɫƬβΧԼʵعƵβĩˣһǴ̣ոǴ̽ɫ̫ʥ˺ѿһѷ죡
Ұ˫ȻɫƬβͣڷħǿħмľ޴Ƽֱһޣ
ҰЩ࣬ѾףǹɽµħħеħٶһΪǿʥͣ飡
ڣҲЩ²⣬Ǳʥ⼸ʥħģõ콾ڶƳʥķӡŻľ档
βͷɨһ콾Ӱſٵˣ˵Ķը⣬˿˿Ѫصף͸һĨɫʡ
Ұ˲뵽ڷħУҲǼѪ֮ǿħŷ˺䣬Ѫصףһ󳹹ǵ⡣


289 ʯħ
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Χգ޴β͵ٶȻһƬƬƬɢɭĹâһħڲϲͣţ·ڷҪӹɽѳƵġ
ող콾ӵѪҺԸٶ£޴βҲʱֹͣжüžֻ˵ͷһԵѹ
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ƽƽʯһӱɫâһɫʯӿ˳תŴϢȻ·Ǹβ͡
ոǸɨµβͣʱȴֱӱصĺ䵽˹ɽ֮У޷嵽Ź׸ǰ
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ҲѧŷҰӣңңŹɽڲһĻﶼ΢΢ࡣ
ڣҲԼһЩɽµļʥӡħĸλģǱʥסɽħβ͵ģǱʹǼʥ˳Żᷢľ档
ҪħʣµļʥƳʯ׶һסʱ˵ˣ콾군
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ĲҽɽڷʥβһͣңңɼβһԲ˵£ħ޷ֺ
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뵽ɽǵϣǵĻȻڲɣȴѾϿԿ϶Ǻ飡
񻷳˲䣬ʮŵġ񻷡ǼֶȻâҫأ
ٴλǿ߶ڵһʱ֪һϢ˼̾Ϣͬ
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ȻĳԼǰˣ
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ҰôģԼǽԼչ˳ľ죬ˮϣ𺣳һֻȸڻа衣
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Ƭ֮Χɫ翪ʼɢܿɢ֮䡣
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ҰźͬʱҲٵԼֶΣʵϢϢǿ˷Ķɲ뱩¶ǰ
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ҰɻĿɨܣҪ񻷵˵˭
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ĻͷҲԵͷ̫ɽ̫е̫أǿȨԵķȨ
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СһԾԾԵӣҰһæֹСڣɲʹãñĸˣļһҲ군ɲ׳֣Ҫ֣;»ڣҪŲϢй
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Ұд֣Ÿ̽˱սƷʽһţһ
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СҲ׼ԶգЩԾԾԵӡ
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ڸոյĶԾУȻҰѹ·磡


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һϼ壬ҲǸΪϼ崫˵㱾ͱҪߣԴҲʹãĵƲ١
ң콾궼ռʮֵλã׬ȡĹ׵㣬콾Ҳõ˸õԴԷҰһžԵġ
ڵŭ֮󣬷ҰԸоһ͸ѹӵǿˣں˾ϵħҲһԿĸо
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һ޷ѹҰҲٵȺȥ˫бһ貵Ѫɫâ͸һѪɫ˫ңָգȺħ裡
һһɹص뵽Ĳħ֮УħʼıһͷͷȱĶħѸٱ趯ţǸոսһδƵģһĲҺӲħзɳŷҰڵķɱ˹ȥ
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һܹΪ콾ʮ֮һҲŷǷֶΣֵ϶٣ܹõȱʥҲ֮С
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һƴ촫ҹͭĹ⻪ٵһƿٵĳ嵽ԶǰħŵĽеôƣⲻܣ
ҰҲЩȻѾӭսħ׼û뵽ħȻ󵹸꣬ûйȥһ
Ĺ򣬻Сַɵ˷Ұߣϴһ˺ѹаħһЩʱѾϵڵļһˣһܿͻ̵ģô죿
Ұ˫й⻪תͷħ򵥣Ǿ뿪аħһЩɱ൱аħǱߵѹҲСһЩܷŹħȥҲܷһߣܾ˵ʱ£


293 ɱ
һſٿħɫɫϵıƵ˼㣬쳣ı
û뵽Լ֮ħȻԼ֣
ңô
ħٴγǰצӿץһš
һóһſ˸ӷĵɫ׭¶һ˿ʹɫִ˳ȥ
׭˲䴩գֱϮħ
ħӶצҪСһߣ֪ٶȾȻ޷׭ٶȣ׭ӡħظ֮䡣
䣡
һ춯ص촫ƬնžҵĻζɫ׵Űѷ鲼һ߾ʬݹǶһ޴ĺӰٵĵ˳ȥ
ħ
Ұ΢΢ðԵķ׭
ħѾԸڵǿߣȴһССķ׭İ
ŷ׭ǳģһ¾Ҫ˷Ұ
ҰҲڰңŷ׭ļֵӦòͣȻһýŷ׭ԼϣȻԼ̱ˡ
һŷ׭˽֪ƾŷ׭ҪǸħ
ڱըһ˲䣬һͿĳ˳ȥһ߳ٴοסͷħһ׼Ĺ
һϣѾһ˰ɫĳǹӡһĶħ֡
˳ǹϢ쳣Ĺ죬ǹŷǹâնѿһϸ΢ѷ죬ɢһĲѹ
һ׸߼Ҿ׸߼棬ҲǼõˣϵϲȱʥˡ
һѪɫǹ֣˫Ĺâ˾һǹѪɫǹͳͷ׭˵ħɫǹһӰ
ǹһֱָħ
б۾һɵĵԭһǸǹģϧƱϴƿɾͲԶˡ
ҰĿ˿ͷħڣͼͷħڵɳ֮ص档
Ȼħ˼£Ȼٴҡҡλεվɢƣǿ
ܾ׷׭û̫ص˺Ƶġ
ŭһѪ죬ͷϵȻڰпٵתĳǾǽƵģŴ̶Х񱩵ĳһ
һ˲̳ʮǹǹӰ۳һ㣬Ϊһ㣬صĵֵ롣
ˣ
ϱһɴǿĴһ嶼ڿٵתţȻĽһ˦˳ȥ
ಣ
ţӹһڵӰӣͷħȻܳһɫβͣٵĳգȻһ֮䡣
鼱֮£һòٴνƬȱͭƵظ䡣
¡
һ޴ĺƵͭƽһ˲䣬صҵһϣ߹ǶҶѪֱ
ƵͭϹ⻪ٵܿƵû뵽һڡ
ۣ
ܵǣһٴһѪȻٴοħеľŭԸӡ
̳ɢٴμħӣȫȥ¸ǰ͸Ѫɫ󶴣°ͶǷ׭ˣ˿ڴȻ˿˿ɫ׵˸֤ŷ׭Ŀ¡
ħӰȻҡҡ׹Ȼһɾ춯صɷһĵһԿС
ֹؼʱһﾹȻһֻУħԼ֮ģȴƴ֣󵽵ΪΡ
ЩһԼҲ벻ס
֪ħյһħħϸ˵ڵħѾϵҲûˡ
һԼħֿ˿Զʲô¶ûеķҰеı֮иӵǿˡ
£һתǵѪ˲òҪ˲ƿȥȴƬЩŹ֣Ȼ޷˲ƣ
˿ûע⵽֪ʲôʱƬѾһĨɼɫ
һҪ֣ƴȫ˺ѿһɴСѷ죬̧žҪ̤ȥ
ȻˣͲˣСڣ磡ҰһӥչƵĳ˳ȥ
СڱҪֱӶ񻷵ģҰĴȣֻʱ񻷣һʱ佫綯˳
ɫ繹һڷ磬Լɽӱڵľǳݻ˳˲佫һڡ
ɫ⻪˸ĽһԶֺ
磡Ǿ磡ǾèרͨһĽгŵСڣȫ޷СھȻһͷ޵ʵ
Сޣʱ϶ἤԸӣ϶뷽跨İСŪԼС
£ᵽ˾İԵ֮һŵûɢ
Сʩչʱ򣬷ҰѾڰգֳһͷĲʥӥ˲뵽ҰڣٶһѾ˰غɫϽ
ӦɻʥôУɱһжһĨףҰô򵥣
ۼϽҪԼͷһϺɫһɫʺΣȫ¶ʼ͸һſѪ飬Ҫĳֲкȡط
ߣˣҰЦһĻˢһ´ܳһֻƴСȸһû
䣡
һظһ͸ѪһƬڲѪɼ
һ۵һѪطδ죬ܵ˷ɣطҲ޷ټȥˡ
ȸõȸһг˾ֶζҰ߽ˣٴθܵҰĿ¡
˵е컯鶼ӵУôô죿ôôһˣ
ͷһûɵðһͷ籨ͺˡ
ͷոǱɫϽʹͷ­£һ͸оһǶϽͷ
Ͻʥ׾ͽһ˺ѳ룬ʶٵõĺڰ
źŲᣬŲʣ콾һ콾׵ȥˡ
һһҰӦʹһŨɷԼŵһŨ̱ǵѪζ
ͷħĹˡ
СڣҰŭһû˵أԸٶת
һ˿޵Բתһ˲䣬ͼһ貵ɫ񻷴Сڿ³ٵĻǧ򣬽Ǹ嵽Լߴħ˸ʵʵ¶ͷ­
֣Ҳɫ񻷸סѲ
񻷿ûзӳȫҲһͷħͷѵģ˻죬Ҳֻ񻷵Ĺ⻪˼£޷ѡ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц̧еĶ̽ɵħͷ­֮вȥ
ۣ
ͷħôǿҲǿʥͱҰԴ顣
ҰڷӿݿĽħɱ
ѪܵħкٵĻһħɢҲĻ˺ɫħɢС
Сڿ񻷣Ұս£ѸԼ˵ϢŻСڿʧԭء
ңң鲻Сڵˣûɶ¶ˡ


294 
ڷҰոȥãʮΪǿ콾һսĵطıµĴսۼ𺳡
Բǧ֮ڵĿݹǶѿһ޴ڰѷ죬ϻðẓ́һƬƬʺѪҵķֲΧ˵ŸոǳսĲҡ
һʬ壡ɱˣи콾ӿһƬʬһ
ʮеһģôǸոǹħɱ𣿡иŮг˲š
˵ոͻƵ磬һ·׷ɱҰģѵ˵ǱҰɱи²⡣
ܣҰ콾ûãԲɱһ˶Ȼ
ϵƣӦһϽΪԼʥҼǵӦɻıǸϽӦɻΪ˸ͬжϡ
ӦɻȷˣҲǰѵӦɻΪǹħô¶ɻ

۷׷׵ʱΪ˵ķҰ뿪뵽
뿪߰ǧ֮󣬷ҰŻСѡ˸ڵϿӰϿеһͷɵ֮Ͽʱͳǵĵ̡
վϿУҰ¶һ˿Цݡ
һ֮Уõȷ⡣˵۶ħ޵е꣬Ӧɻֵõ˰ȱʥһҲõһѪɫǹõ߰˸ָɶǼֵƵĶ
ҪǣСڵõ񻷣
ʮŵֵԹǴ˵Ҳһӵˣң
֮⣬Ұ֪Ͻ޺ǳϢƳǳϮɱҲЩüĿĸѲ˸ϵ
ԣǷҰ̤½ʶĵһԳƵ콾ҰкøС
ڸոϮ֮󣬷Ұ˶ɣΨԵĻᣬʶıܿ
һϵе飬ּһָԣҰòѻɵĿϡ
ҪΪĻɾǸ۲۵αˡ
뵽ҰһĹҪΪ㷽ҰкøУҲԻֻһѪծ
Ұһʱͷѹ£ȡǼָ˳ҪϮɱЩ콾ӶЩʲôر
עһ˿һָеĶ㵹˳ǰѻһƬСɽ
аѩսڵ׸߼ʮм͵ͼǧϾһСʥϵ裬Ϲ龧ʣµĶЩƿϻӡͼ׭ûмֵˡ
׸߼콾ҲֵһĹֵÿ콾Ӷӵеġ
⼸콾ϵ׸߼ҲǸԱΪṩģҪԼȥ׬ȡһֵɾǼ򵥵顣
Ͼ콾вʲôҪͨĶҲֻϲо󷨵ļһŻϾȤ콾иʹùֵ˵̺䴿ʱҲû̫ô
ȻǺöҰ뵽ƿռ֮Уǰõ𡢻Ѫʯʥռһ
Ǽ龧÷ҰϲĪӦɻĺھ˵ĹֵһĿҲһߵĹֵʣµ˼Ҳࡣ
ЩֵнĹֵ
콾Уʥ׳Լʥ׳似żҲóĵ׼Ҳֻʮֵ
ֵܹȡһʥˣ
ҰЩֵȫתԼĺھУϵĹֵѾͻʮأټСһ￨ϵĹֵʮĹֵˡ
õĻЩֵԶһһʥ
˵ûҵһù޴ķ׭ҵЩҲ÷Ұˡ
ȻһȣЩʲôǵõʥǺƵģϿԿ϶ʥ׸߼ֵǧϾҲҪ࣬ѾԳΪʥˡ
Сϣ͸ڷҰϲ࣬ҪĻ֪ʥֹصĶٱ
ô˵һû
ʯѹаħ÷ҰܵһֽȸС
аħ½аħͬ࣬СѾ֪ǰЩķӡ֧Ŷã
ꣿʮꣿǣһꣿ
ЩǷҰ޷ȷģܹģǾܵԼʵ
ҰƬ̣Լľ񶼻ָ۷״̬ԺпʼйرϢ
֮ʲôܣϾڵľѪ;߻𣬽һЩϰԼ룬ƳԼı
ƳıԼľѪԼľںһ𣬾͸߱һƵģȻԷӳǿ
ڣʱ޿̲þѪͷţԲϵĽĲȥܹ÷Ʒ
ʱԽߵϵԽУҲԽǿӳԽ
ȻѰĲϣĵ޷֮ڻҲ޷ںɱ䡣
κ鶼ԣȻǿ󣬵٣ҲܵˣֱӰС
Ҳв˶Ʊ֮ͣɾ͵Ĳࡣ
ڱҪҲ˵ƳܹڵУ
ҪƳԲʿҲ϶ʦϵʿŻơ
Լڵĵֻһ棬ѰҲһ棬ϾҪƳıѰĲϿ϶С
Ұ̫ȸĻԼǿӵʥĲϣƱ˵û̫Ѷȡ
ЩϢԼԺйһ飬Ұ˫ۣзһ˿ŵķɣҪƵıս״Ѿظĵס
СһػԶҰ׼ʼƱս
Ұһһĵâ϶ʱһɼǵ˿ڣӨѪҺ˿ڴӿ
ڷҰĿ£Ѫ֮УʳͷСһš
Ұ΢ϵ˿ھͿٵ䶯ܿͳȬһ˿̺۶û¡
Ұ˫ֿٵƷǰӨѪ֮Уڵķ˲䱻ȡ롣
ӡ룬ҰǰѪſʼҵĲɢһ貵Ĺ⻪һ۳һƬѪɫĻ棬߷ı
ҰȻٵó߲ʹ⻪ʥϻ½統͸ģԼͷСͨ貣˸߲Ĺһֲɶõϡ
ļӲ̶ȼǿǡʺΪսΣȻʥϡ


295 ۵
ҰĿһۣ˳ֶ뵽֮С
䣡
ȼȻڣͣ
ҰľƹѾﵽ񼶹֮Уڵķۻ̶ǳ˵ľű֮࣬ƵӡľҰıѾﵽһּĵز
űȼգһ˿˿Ѫ˿˳Ž͸˽ȥõ߲Ŀʯֶһʺɫʡ
ʥϣһʥȽϼӲĲϣ㷽Ұı쳣ҪȫڻҲǶʱڿġ
ʱȥˣſʼһ˿仯һּڻļ
Ұ΢΢£Ӵľ߷ʢܵȼ
ڻٶȼӿһЩȻ죬Ƶڻš
Ұ˫й⻪΢ӿɫ̫𣬿ٵ뵽֮У߷ĸʢˣúԶܹܵһȸС
̫𣬴˵еľŴ֮һʥ
֮ʱ΢һ˿̫Ʒʶ١
Ұ̫д̶ʱƱսǲƳɱ롣
̫Ĵ߷ҰıȼյĸӵĿ񱩣ڻٶҲӿ
ڻļӿ죬Ұıɫʼ΢һЩǲӽ˲Ѫ˿
Ұ΢΢üͷٴϸѿһӣ̵ѪȪǰı֮С
䣡
ȻٴαʺһѪɫ⻪ϵ뵽֮УԼһЩ̫ȥ
ڻٶȻӿһЩҲڸո˵Ҫڶʱڳڻǲܵ顣
ҰƱǶʱڿģҲżÿҪϨʱͿٵٴһѪʱ̱֤űʢ
ѾʣѪǿĿ£ĵЩѪƬ̾Ϳûʲô̫Ӱ졣
ҰҲδдÿνѪ뱾̷֮һȪ
Ȫ֮޾ĵطпܻᵮôһЩһ̶Բ˵
ȪһڣͿٵĻΪľϵڵ֫ٺȥҲʼһɹѪҺȫҰľѪ¸
ȪܣҰûκεĺ֮ǣȫ߷棬ñ𱣳ڶʢ״̬ϵ
̫ļ룬Ҳ֮ãų׵ڻ˿
ʱѾһŨĳɫ͸һ߲ʻ⣬ԭĹ⻪䵹ǶһУڱзʡ
ҰԺĸֳҪƵս״ѾΪҺʼĸı״
ûãһսĳѾ˳Ұڲϵս״ķӣΪһʺս
̸ǷκһĲ⣬Ұͻԥٴ޸ģҪﵽԼе̬
ֹ죬еĵͲ÷Ұ⡣
ʱ򣬾͵εʱ򣬷Ұٴ˴ľѪͷֽ̫ҪǮƵĹУӴľͬӿʼյͽ׶Ρ
ҪյͣҪʱ佫¶ȱһֲֿĵزſԡ
ôҰɲڹؼʱ̹һ񣬱ȻֳһƬ𺣣һͷƴСȸӻкȻſɫС죬һӿҵĻ档
˵ȸĻ滹ϲ̫¶˵̫֮ȸĻͲһЩ
Ұֻı¶ȽնյŤΣԼʼһϸ΢Ŀռѷ죬̶ֲ
ķգеĹսٳͣӼ쳣İԵ
Ұϲȴδʹ˰֣óѪʯͶ뵽˱֮УþѪ
սȻͣǻѪʯոս뵽֮Уսɢһĵâ
ڱԼֻļ£âһۿɼٶ߽ŻѪʯһʼʱڻٶȿ˰ٱֹ
ңѪʯļӲ̶ҲԶԶϲӲȣƬ̣Ѫʯ;ڻ뵽ս֮С
״ƳĵȽԽߣԺںϵʱ򣬾ԽףõĺôҲԽ
Ұ²ͣó꺣衢Ѫɺ衢Ѫʯʥϣڻʥﾫ뵽ս֮УõսԱԽԽǿҲԽԽԵ
ȵһʥУҰ貵ĵâһ쵶޵е𣬾޵е֣ҰٵĴ뵽ս֮С
䣡
һĵâƬ谵ؼ䶼һͨɢޱĵâ񷶼һڵĿõ÷Բǧ֮ڵ鶼
ˣ
ǿѹߣȥ
٣һȱһ󵶣ǡʺң
û񵶳Ҳˮ¥̨ȵ£ɲñ˽ȵǣ

һһ콾ӿٳŷҰڸ˹ȥǻе˼ȻǰѷҰƵıս˴żгˡ
Ұ֪ԼѾΪ˵Ŀ֪꣬ҲϾᣬȫĵ뵽ǰıս档
޵е֮սԼƵģȻһ޵ХԽԵ
սȻһ޴ҰıԼںϵ̫ȸ涼˽ȥոδɢȥǵͨ쵶â˸ŹѤõĹʡ
¡¡
âδɢȥһ״ϻȻ˷Ұǰսϡ
Ƭ֮䣬޾ԶϣѾһصƲ㣬ڲ׹˸͸һɹ
ս϶Ȼһ쵶â˲ɢţսһŰԵ֮ʽʵƲһնΪ룡
Ʋҵķ˼£ڶٸ콾ĿɿڴĿУʧӰ١
սҲ׽٣ҰҲЩ㵣ű¶һֿϲ֮ɫܹƣսȷס
ոյս𣬴սԵ֣ҰûпƣȻһնΪ룬ưԵ˾㤡
Rॣ
սӾ֮£ĵâڷҰǰնһ֪жѷ죬սڷҰǰɢŹӶصĹʡ
һʽ쵶֣ߣ֣硣
ϵƣһϰԵͷ³һĵ
ƣһĴҪصĶ࣬𽥱ȥɷĵС
ĻҲҪ΢һЩж͵ѪۣбȲһļ̣
вûʲôڣǱУܹոѿѷ졣
ѵ϶ֳһְ͸ľӨԼλðĲɫ⻪ڵתȥ˸ղŵâʱ貣ȴһظС
Եأ
Լ䣬Ұо֮͸һѪĸо
ҰԽԽϲŴ֡
ˣ
սһԽХ֮ɢϲ׽Ϣڿ˺һϸĿռѷ죬˲ڷҰС
սŵдǹѪĸоѵǷҰһƵģڷҰԽХţĹٴαѤ
սȻոճͣ߰ʥϣ̫ȸԼҰ߷ı𣬸һʹﵽ׸߼ļ
ϸ˵սѾ׼ʥˣ䱾ӲȺͶȱ֮ʥΨȱʥ
ʥ飬ͲǲֲܹˣܱޣҲ޷˲֣ȷҰʥսȻȻľܹ׳ʥ
ֻǣҪȵҰʥҲ֪Ƕ֮ˡ
ҰḧŵӿֳһĨ飬ĴЦãããӽԺҽһͬ·ϵĸսƿһ赲̤֮ϣ
СҲٵĿ˹鼤ĴŷҰеս̲סðĵϴ󣬴˵
ۣۣ֮ߣԴ˵ն֮ɱħ߱ħҰϣȻȻ¶һµĺ
СӣеıҰϲþûȥԶŵĳԼȡ


296 Ѫ쵶
ҰŨüһͷȥͼһٿգ۾͵ʮ⡣
Ǹźµ꣬Ұ׵ϴһаǸմӹײƵģŷҰǰԼһɱϢ
һ֣Ͼ͸һɺ˵ƣŷҰӿѹ
ҰΪ۾һ˫Ŀ貵ĵâηĵ꣬ϵĿЦѾЦĵʲôҲҵĶ
ܵҰҰϵƣɫ΢΢£۾¶һ˿Ĺʣ΢΢𣬹ճһĨЦЦ飬ݹŹֵĵ˼û뵽ڤصױչؼ£콾ļһﶼѾʶˡ
Ұ΢΢Ӵľӿһ۾Ϳ˴˵Ϊ
ʦԲ
ʦԲǿߣ콾ѾǰéĴˣ콾ʮ֣ҲֻǴ硣
ǣҰﶼɱΪȻҰûС
Ұ΢£̽Եʵ콾ʮ֮һ
Ƥ΢΢£ҡͷǡ
˳ƤϻʱмӰΧڤ֮϶Ծ¶һĨ壬ǼèƵģѹ̸š
Ȼڤģ
ʵʮ֣һֱûϢ벻Ȼбչˡ
ҲǱǵâ𣿶˭
ףϵСϤˣǷҰ
콾ϵһ˵ķҰǱӦþҪҵıѾõУһᶼûˣֻǲ֪ڤǷ
ҿȻҰԶˣʱվ̫ˣΪڤĿԶǱ󵶣

ʮֻôţҰ΢΢¶һĨ㵣ʲôЦƵġ
ڤ߳ŭ˫ĿŷҰֳһĺƣȵ㲻ʮ֮һԸ㣬Ҳ㹻ˣڣ㽻ҲѾˣ
Ұ΢΢УϹһĨĮĵҵıĻðɣ
ʲôǾȻı𣿸ճԶ˾
ԭǱıֻѪе˲ܹӳǿ˵õҲûʲôã̾Ϣβסĸп
ڤ˫еɱߵãҵıȱЩıһٽһСӣɣ
ڤĵȫںɫƶ֮УѸŷҰɱ˹̽һ׹ɭɭ
ȻѰҽҰڷ˫ų貵ĵâе쵶ǸӦ˷Ұ쵶Ѥùڶ͸貶Өɢһ޵еơ
Ұֳ쵶ȫľ񶼹뵽쵶֮УԵ쵶͸һѤõĵϵĹƶ񱩵˺ѿ
ҰԵǰһһĵâ˳ȥ
򵥶ֱӣԵɱħ߱ħ
âȻĽĺ˺ѿһ޴ĿӣһѪӺн˳͸һɹİɫ
дһƺߣڤĵӰ֣ظѾѪȾ죬ҰĿг𾪡
ڸոյĶԾУеİ׹Ҳüֵ£ǵĹ⻪һ
ڤľһ亹ʵ޷ţ֪ĸطðļһȻһԼնˣ
ظ֮ƣ˿ڿٵ䶯ţƬֺ̾Ͻ̣˿ơ
ڤ˫ŷҰһЦͻأʧС
˲𣿡ҰһƵӡתе쵶ٵиѿһڵĴѷ죬صն
䣡
ڤȻӷҰ˳쵶֣¶һĨѸٵĻӶеİ׹Ǵ󵶣뷽Ұ쵶غ¡
ڤıһ˵ĵƸ߰˲еİ׹Ĺ⻪ҰҲ쵶Ĺ⻪貣ûܵ˿Ӱ졣
ڤĵﷺһɲõԤУҰûеôöԸĸо˷ҰѲһﻢµĸо
ĿԶ˵ɨҲ˺ݣȻѾߵһǾֻҧȥˣңΪԼ᲻һСӡ
ոյ̽ڤ˲ѾʧȥƣҪʤҰ붯汾²С
ڤĳȣܵĺɫƲ㿪ʼֹķ
һϵĺɫųںгһͷͷʵʩẉ̂պǯӰࡢƤѪܵĳǵȻ֣һĸо
ȻɢԲ֮ھڣһƬֲָ
аʱ򣬷ҰȻоͷһʹΧеĿ̷·𶼷Ƶģܵʹ
ȻרŶ
ĹȻܼƶеĻ󣬷ҰʱƶĻþдǰֻþѾûʲôӰ졣
Ұһ˫ɫ⻪һ˲俴ҳڤĵӰڡ
ҰϺȻһ޵ƣ쵶϶͸һɷһ赲İԵֱڤ¡
䣡
һնƬƶҵ£պȻըɢУڤĵӰҲٵĵ˳ȥڰգʹϳأǳױնˡ
˭콾ʲôʱôһˣڤĲδȥŷҰг𾪺Ͳš
ǷҰȥʱ𱨴֣ˣӦɻһѾһȥǰɣҰһЦԥĻӶе
ڤ¶һĨľһŨĻ⣬ʮеһﶼ˴У֪ĻҲǴ˵ġ
ϧںڣѾˣ
ۣ
ĵڤĵͷ­һѪ˳ȥͷʬᵹڵء
Զۿ˵϶¶һ˿𾪣֪ڤĵĿ£ʮҪսʤڤĶǶʱڿ飬Ұȴڼ֮ھҰˡ
Ѫ˳ŷĵû뷽ҰµİɫϣһѪҺҲδմȾ쵶Ѥù⻪ҲٴλָظС
ҰٻڤĵĴָ̧ɨɨԶսˣĮĵλǲҲµ쵶Ȥ
ʦǧᣬֻ·ģһƮƮĹæ˹֣ǿмһ˿ѿЦ⣬ͷҲصԶȥˡ
ţʣµļҲæĸȥ˭Ҳûٶ˵Щʲô


297 
ҰҡҡͷոƳ쵶鼫ãҲԸɱˣҪıɲ˿Ŀ
ҰתͷȥĿⲻƳͷʬһӨİ׹⡣
ҰٴתһУǵ׹УȻǸոڤʹõǱɫǵ
뵽ոڤ˵ĻҰһе쵶ն׹ǵϡ
һ촫׹ǵһ뵵ĲҰɫ
Ұе쵶еķһԽХЩҰɫ鳲Ƶ쵶۶쵶ȻȻĽžɵ֮С
쵶϶ʱ˸һĨ貵Ļ⣬ת˲ٴûȥʲôû
Ұ΢΢һĸӦˣ쵶ҲõһЩôֻǱ׹ǵľ̫ϡ٣쵶õĺôҲࡣ
ʱʲô̫ĺôȷҰʥʱ쵶Ȼᷢʵɱ䡣
Ұǰ֪ɷľҲڤѣȻֹ֪Ч
Ұ΢óһ׳ľӨһնȥ
ضϽ׹գûɢոַľ
Ұ΢΢üͷ쵶ն£ն
ϧеķҲûг֡
Ұһ鴤װ˷һ׳
һ׳ĴۣҰҲ˹ÿһﶼַģΨбЧ
뵽ոڤԣҲҪ÷ҰıԼıиеģҪС
ܹƳ˲࣬Ҫַʽ쵶ĵ̣һ̫򵥵顣
ҲΪҰָһ·ΨһĽ֮·ҰʱҲֻü
ƳԼ쵶ҰҲԸŻС콾ͨĵط˹ȥ
˲ãҰͼ϶صĴɽɽ߲ĹȻ֪Ѿ˶¡
ϣҰȻḧŽµĹţ΢΢¶һ˿𾪡
˵ϵڵ˿콾̣Ȼµĺۼȴõı˾ȡ
Ұ΢һȻһȭڹϵʯϣͼϵʯһǹ˽ȥȴûɢκι⻪ʵŹ֡
ʯҲ򵥡
Ұзһͷ޾£û˿ȴӲı浽ڣƾЩ֤ʯŷǷ
ҰŽʯ뵽ƿռ֮У֪ʯźź޴ɽ嶼£ȴû˿ķӦ
ղȥ
ҰҡҡͷʱϨ˼ҲԣŴ޾¶ûбߣ콾ɲȱţҰʯҲûб̫ϣ
аԼסʯţҰŻСڣʯ뵽콾С
߹ʯţ̤콾Уǰϼ뵣͵䣬֥أ뵽ĳƲҵ÷Ұûɵһֻĸо
ص콾УҰֱԼڵǱɽ˹ȥԶԶͼԼľѾһƬ档
Ұĳڱ˷סǰڷ΢Ӧ£Ұ¶һ˿ŹֵЦ⡣
һϢ
ҰҲ׹һ϶ĳطѰҵԼԼһ·׷УȴøĽ֣˶̾Ϣ
Ұûмȥ˼΢̻Ƭ̣ʹŻСǰľϣϾûļ˻֪ȥȥˡ
Ұû˿תͷ챦̻ڵظȥ
Ҫ˽콾飬챦̻Ʈ¥õĵط
ٴ̤뵽챦̻ĵ֮УҰƵӡȥϢڶ콾ӶֶûƵģ޷˿ӡ
ҰŻСھֱ߽Ʈ¥֮Уѡ˸۵ĽҪһƲˣһ߳ţһ˵̸ۡ
鶼ˣ治֪ѹʲôаħ콾ĳϺǶû˿ıʾ治֪ôģиӢгɻ
иŵ˽ӿڵҲ콾Ҳаħɣˣ˵ʮŵѾˣ˭õˣ
˶ҡҡͷһŮĵͲܹ֪ˣ¬¾Լǵȸ콾ûеõǼҶֻ֪ǵõһ߼ʥô˵ǵĻԵѾǼǿˡ
ҲͷͣȻ񻷵䶼֪
Ұ΢ЩپĿǰû֪Сڵõ񻷣ҲͷһЩǣ˵̸ۡ
˵˵ûУ콾ʮеӦɻһ䣬У׷ʲô飿˭ɱǣиѹ˵š
һ΢ѹӦɻҲ˵һӦɻĶϽ֮¡
ѵͬھ𣿡˾
ǸԴ߳ҲӦɻһҪüʱңһѾͻƵ磬ۼǱɽ׷׷Уǰͣλã׷ɱҰ
˼ǣ˶ǷҰɱģôܣиһѹʧ˳
ŷҰûôΪȻ˿͸ʮ˾꣬ɱģ˶Ȼ˽ۡ
Ҳֻ˵ǸܣҲ֪ʼ磬ԼҲһ˿š
Աи˺ȻҸоʮֵĻԻͺҪĻӣǰ죬Ҷսʮе죬Ȼʤδ֪쵱ȥչˡ
ǰ¾¬ȥȴֶأûǣӦɻһҲˣʮֵʱҪдˡһ˵͡
Ҳ˵¬֮߸սҹңսˣ¬ʦֲѴ֮ͽǸķˡÿ϶иԵˣɱսȵȣǿˣ¬ʦֵڣһ֣¬ʦֵֻ񣬻˶졣
˵ҲеʮֺһЩ½ĸ콾ҲɫˣҪȡֵԼˡ׷ۼʮеҶ콾ӽ̸ԼǺ˵Ҫɱһгļһ治֪񵽵ǺˣȻõҶȥɱиŻſڵһϢ
ҰӰˢһ³ǰ˫ֽס˫磬в˽ɫѯʵ˵Ҷʲôʱģ׷ںη
۾һĨ𾪣ոնûзӦѾ˵֮Уǰ֮˵ǿĵ׷һС
ŷҰϴһӾɷҰݶûҿ壬æĵǰģ׷λþڳ챦̻գǰҹգǰǧ򡭡

ҰϻóһƿϣĵǰҶĵطʮƷ굤ˡ
Ʒ굤ʮţ
һǧ㹱ֵ·ͼֵһǧ㹱ֵ
Ŀжʱ貵Ĺ⻪ֽƿæãſңҴȥ
Ұɿ˫֣ſ巽ҰݣϵСһɨһۣȻǷҰ
ϻ˵·ҰһгɱõʱҶԣͷ漲۶ȥ
Ұ󣬿ٵ뿪Ʈ¥
Ұ˫г˽ʮ֮еһȥɱ񣬻ǸһȥģǳĳİΣ
ˣСӿǧ
ҰĬĬ߶ǻٶ̫ճ챦̻ᣬϵħһס˻һ۰򣬿ʧڵƽϡ
ǵ˲ƻҲ׼ֱӴŻ˲ˡ


298 һ
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ڶһƬ׵磬ʹһƬƬضںڵĽƣÿһƬ޴Ľжŵ׵˸ʱؿԼӽкХĹ䡣
񱩵·ϣʱһ׵м
·Ҳ֮ʣƬӳĹǧ
׷򣬵˵ͬ׽٣ԵʿпԼļӿٶȣõĸԱԴ
ԵʿеĻҲԶؼ׷֮򣬶ǽжɽĺô
֮УҲΪסľסˮסססԼıԴ֮ף츳㹻ߵĻԵʿҲԽ뵽֮УԼӳǿ
𡭡
һͷ۶ɵľ޴ʨų˹ÿһëж˸ŵ׹⣬ⰻȻ˰ԵͻϢ
䣡
Ұе쵶նȥһͷ׵绯ɵʨһϸС׵ɢ˷
ĿĵػжԶҰתͷߵǸꡣ
ҼҶĵطǰǧ⡣ǸĸܵҰĵĽһϻҶ˵ش쳣ļ
ҰŻٵǰţڹٵӰٵŻָķǰС
ԶһͰСɽ𣬿϶ĵ˵ͷȻСɽҼǵʱǾСɽϣ
Ұɿ꣬ŻСǸСɽϣƵӡתϸӦŴ˴Ϣ
Ҷͣʱ䲻̵ԵʣѾȥ죬ҰȻĸӦ˼ɸͬϢһϢе쳣Ϥ
ذϢ
Ұͫ΢΢ذȥΧɱǴηҰֿذ׵ܵܣʱذϢٴγԸġ
ذǵϢʧѾȥˣ׶༫ˣ
ҰͷһۣлҴʱҪ£޷չ㷵ȥˣԼౣذɣ
΢΢ηʦܷģԼȫ뿪׷򡣡
˵̲סѯһ䣺ʦܣҵһ䣬ҶѾﵽʦԲ磬һֻѾ뵽磬㻹ǲҪ̫嶯
ĸӦ˷ҰҶĵ⣬ƲⷽҰӦȥҶ鷳ģɵöһ䡣
벽ΣǸҶѲҲҪҰг޾ı䣬е쵶ǸӦâסţɢһɱ⡣
ۣ֮
ѾǷҰۣ˭ҶǲҰе쵶ͻԥն
¶һĨ𾪵ɫҰԾĻ뵽࣬ѵӦɻһɱĲɣ
ҰϾٹ˼⻪꣬˳ŸӦǹϢ׷˹ȥ
׷ǱӴţŽɫ׵âѿʮĿӣ˿˿֮ƻڵʹ˿޷ϡ
˫üޣг˲ĸӦԼڵڿٵʧȴͣˣܼĵطӴš
׷֮и׵֮ǰذ콾ʦɱлиǸһֻ̤ļһ
ڵĿ֮Ҳ˳еʱ֮һһ
񲻾ǰѾͻƵʦ磬ĸҲʵǼʥ䣬Լȡ׵еĲ׷ܹ֮ӳԶǿȡֳɾ͡
ϧҶ˵Ϊ໹̫ˣȻ䲻ն˸ʦڵļһҶ졢ذ˵Χ£Ҳܿͱˡ
ƴűҶһƣǵİΧȦ˳ȥһ·׵ܼĵطݡ
׷ռźܴƣӴܣҲ;ƿݵĵز
˫о׽ӿȥ
ϵƱͲᣬ׽ٵĽܵƸӵˣ׵յȫĵģϢҲԽԽ
һ׽ٵҲ谭˺׷ٶȣȻȥˡ
ĿĵĴһ϶ཹĵطԼҲ֪˶Զ
УǰһƬ޾嫵׵󣬳˸ɫ׵磬ŰŻϢ
Ϊ˶Ҷ˵׷ɱʶƬ׵˹ȥ
ӲˣذңңӶеİ׹Ǵѳһ޴󲻱ȵĿռѷ죬һ׹ǴӰһɺ嫵ѹ
ǿڱ󻯳һɫ׵ƣڰ׹ǴӰ֮ºȻը˷飬۵һһ˸Žɫ׹ѪԸٶȷԶ
ͷذһۣƴȫǰǴ׵֮Ӵܡ
ذеǸ׹Ǵʥ
ذ쳣ЯʥУԼٶҲ쳣Ѹ٣ҲѾͻƵʦڣŰ׹Ǵʥ¿ԸʦԲǿһߵ͡
ذ߻иƮݳ꣬ͷϽڣ̤˿ѥһϮͼİۣ˿˿ɫ²һϽɫľӨĺƵġ
Ҷ죡
Ա߻и꣬ͬɢһɱϢǷ
Զ޾׺ҶӿֳһĨȣŹֵĵǰ׺ÿ񱩣УҲȥ޻أ٣ǳȻȥģǲɱҲ˶ˣ
ذҷ磬˫Ŀų貵ĹâɱȻĵСӹŹֵĺܣȻ׵Ҳż˺Դ׵֮мȡһ׺޷Ҫǿɾ͹һˡ
Ҷ쵭ɨذһۣĿذеİ׹ǴͣƬ̣΢΢׵Ǿͳ׺֮ǰͰ˰ɣСѾ;ƿݵĵزܲˣӦҵ顣
ذģֻҪҳȥˣҿ϶ᶯ׹ʥƳ٣
ҶѾżûаտԶȹ˴٣ϣذİ׹ʥɹ١
һЩʥüƷϼʥƳʥֻҪûӡϾӡ˶ʹõġ
ЩʥһʥþѪʥıͲ˶ʹõˣΨ߱ͬѪ֮˲ܹԦ
ذеİ׹ʥһλʥ͵ıΨеϵ˲ܹӳʥ
ȻĻҶֱӳذеİ׹ʥˡ
ݣ
ҶµϽɫлһڵմѷ죬ֱϮġ
ƴȫŽ΢΢£Ͻ𳤽ȻһɼǵѪۣһϸСϽ˳˿˽ȥڷƻ
ݺݵҧҧĵĵ뵽׺֮Уᷭ˼£ͳ׵ʧ
ûɱذ΢΢üͷ
ҶЦİɣոһ֮Ѿڵľݻ٣ֵ뵽׺֮УѾǱ֮ˡ
ˣҰһ·ѭذϢңң˳׺һĻĿѣ˫Ŀг˷ŭɱ⡣
ܵһ貵ĵâг𣬽׵鲼˺ѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬þ޷ֺϡ
Ұ׷֮ʱҪʱѰذϢʼջǳһĿųǱնУ׺÷Ұг˷ŭĻ档
ǽ춼ҪҰڷҧгݵ³⼸֣쵶ųǰδеĹңңذ˻ӳһ


299 ǿɱ
䣡
׹Ǵ뷽Ұ쵶صײһƬеһڵĿռѷ죬ٵ˷ʥ񱩣һЩ׽ٶ˿ȥ
׹Ǵϱһʥ񱩵ѹҰҪһ֮оͰѷҰ쵶
׹ǴǸʥһǴʥذзӵԼ̫ķƷҪǿôһ˿
ذϹһĨĮЦ⣬֪׹ǴЦŷҰ·Ѿ˷Ұ쵶Ļ档
֪ȫԤ֮⣬Ұ쵶ûб飬ҵϵĹâҲһ貣ûܵ˿Ӱ죡
ذϵЦһ㵣Ȼûϵ֣ϸӦ£û쵶ϸӦôһ˿ʥʮֵĲ⡣
ʥȴʥ
ҶҲӿֳһĨ죬еϽɫâ²µĵÿСӣ콾У˿ſҪģǵһ
ذ첻ԾĽ˽еİ׹ǴαҰѹƣʥûֵ˺ôԷҰʱѾӰ
Ҹ˵ǸҰذŷҰҶ˵ŷҰݡ
Ҷüë΢΢¶һĨȤɫ̤ЬٴȫѹҪȥ㣬Լˡ
ɱˣҶʦֳ֣ҰɣǸЦǰ̤һһɱ̹ǵϢ񱩵ŷҰĻ˹ȥ
Ұ˫üһϵһĵƣӲĽϮĺΪ롣
ɣҰһų磬е쵶һХٵնգ¡
¶һĨţݺݵҧҧ⣬ڵΪ˳˲ûʮ˷Ұ
ҰΪı壬쵶ǰһĻߣббնһС
쵶ųһŹҫصâݿĽǰһնȻնıϡ
ۣ
굱бնڰҵĺƬ̣ȥûϢѪ䣬ʵȾһ㴥Ŀĵĺ졣
һ
һҰͽһʦڵǿ߸ˣҶͫ׶ҵ£ҰĿгء
Ұʱϵħ״̬ȴδ֮õҶذ춼޷Ϊ
ذŷҰȻշģǲǵõȸ
Դ콾֮󣬼ʶҲ࣬Լи²⣬Ұõȸӡǵȸ
Ҷ΢΢һĿȵŷҰʵΪĹʵڴϵĻҲҪ£
ҰûذĻУذѾǸˡ
飬Сڣȥסذ죬ȥС˱𣡡ҰСһһ쵶ͳҶ죬쵶֮иѿһɼѷ죬ֱҶ졣
ۼҶԳ֣һʱҶ죬ҪΪ񱨳
ڷҰʱ򣬻СҲذ죬̤һСҲ磬񱩵ӿذڡ
ҶµϽɫˢһӭҰĳõ쵶ײһ
ﬣ
һ촫ײԵϢϯ졣
ҰԵƥĽϽɫ˳ȥһ̣ʵչ˳һӽϽɫһ⻪
Ҷ󾪣˸ϽɫĹ⻪ٴҫԽΪתһȦгһϽ𳤽ηֲŷҰ˹ȥ
ҰϹɱ⣬ȻӿһƬ𺣣ڷҰܻһƬƴ򣬽ǧĳڣƬ̾ͽǧֻۣһĹ⻪ҲٴЩ
Ұ²̤ͣȵһӶе쵶Ҷŭն¡
Ҷ¶һĨɫٴ˸ǱϽɫˢһµͷص뷽Ұ쵶ײһ£õҶǿһ
ҶҪ޵ľǽһΪҲڽϣϽ𳤽ıѰһЩĲϣ뵽֮УҰ쵶ײ˼Ȼδ
֮ôܣҶ̤Ͻɫȥһ˿ԲĲ
ҰȻ֣ûκλᣬ֮Ȼһϴǧ˷ҶΧ£˹ȥ
Ҷɫ쳣ѿµϽɫѸٶһܷεһնϡ
޾Ƶģ飬Ҷ˵߹˲ұߣ˵ϱ߹˲±ߣܿͱһס˽ס
ţһһҶõѾ޷ټ
ҶѣµȥɣҰŭһе쵶Ҷŭն£ԵΧһӿ籩
ܣҵҶ쾪ֵĴһüгһ޴Űɫܣ˹ŹֶصųâػҶϷ
һ洿ػıǸ׸߼ģû˿Ĺ֮ȴԶһ׸߼
Ҷȫϣˡ
䣡
Ұ쵶Ȼնϣʱһ졣
Ȼôֵܹס쵶İԵһǷҰϵħ֮ģܽһ˲䣬ͱ쵶ն롣
쵶ٶȲԵնҶϣҶüһҽ쵶±⡣
콾ʮ֮Уһˣ
ҰĴ˿תͷһ࣬ͼذСڵľʹţӶеİ׹Ǵһɹʥþʹš
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дһ죬ȴǻֽ̧һ޴ޱȵΡɽ˳ذѹ䡣
ذıӶеİ׹ǴѹĴɽ׹ǴϵʥҲࡣ
СڣʱˣҰһӥչƵķɵϷ߸߾е쵶Կٵ֮¡
С̱ʯɫ⣬ſС죬һ̹˳ȥ񻷡
ӭ绯Ϊذͬеİ׹Ǵոջŵİ׹ǴȻҷˡ
ҲУذг˺Ȼ;
ۣ
Ұû˿ͣ쵶ӿնذһͷ­˳ȥ
ذ죬ڻ˷ҰС
ٴλָţֻвԶں¡¡
ҰҶǵĴָﲻܲʣվ޾׺ǰ˫Ŀг޾ĳʹ
СҲվڷҰļϣĦŷҰգʹĵš
ˣѾ㱨˳ˣһ·ߺãҰ
ݣӻûأϹ޵ʲô޾׺֮дһ㣬ȴֿǳ


300 
Ұ΢΢㶣ɫϲ׺ϣ̧žҪ̤ȥϲĵˣ
𣺡Ƭ׺ŹֵĺܣҲҲңȥ
ҰŲͣüˣôˣ
жһ˿ɻЩȷĵ˾ųɶ࣬ȴһ΢͵Ҳ˵Ρˣ׹׺ʱԼʲôڶһغɫ׵컯еĺ٣
٣Ұ¶һĨ㵣žʹϲˣĻԵֻھˣ׺пɲȫҸôܹﵽ㣿
΢¼ʥλʥʥһݣ˵ȴھȻߵĸԶ
˶٣ּұ²˾ԼľҶӵǰ¶˾ģִ׺֮УǡÿԳúٵܾƬ׺˵ȫĵطˣͲöˡ
Ұ¶һĨȻֱʽ򵥣ĻһڲͬĴ
Ұ˵
˷ҰĻҰˣôôģܾҪʱܳ£һ꣬ԼȷжáԼҪţʥҲ쿪ˣɲǸֵøʲô͸ʲôȥɡ
Ұ죬¶һ˿Σ̾ϢԼذɣ
ҲҪأ˵仰Ժ󣬾ͳûϢ
Ұתͷűסİ׹Ǵĥôʥ
׹ǴһʥһʥþѪʥɣʥ׳Ѿʥм
һľ쵶յĻ쵶˵Ǹ󲹡
ǣҰʥ쵶õٴĺôҲ޷׳ʥ
쵶˰׹ǴķֻǴڵ֮УȷҰʥʱ򣬿ֱ쵶ɱʥмʱûʲôá
ҰĿӻɨһ뵽С񻷣黹ȱһֵıûɽʥԳ֮׹ǴҲǸı
뵽ҰСڵСڣ׹ǴеĴӡĨɣԺ͸ˡ
ӡҲʥ͵ʥ֮ʱµӡСȻĨ
Ĩ֮󣬰׹ǴͲǱ޷ӵпʥмΪһͨĳʥٵĻ޷ʥˡ
СӶеСצӣ񻷵Ĺ⻪һ׾ͽ׹ǴϵĴӡĨˣʥ뵡
Ҳ̧צй׹Ǵһƾӡջ˼£Ƿ
ҰӶ쵶һնǱϽɫϣʧȥҶĿƣϽ𳤽ԶԶ޷쵶࿹⣬ѿ뵳һϽɫķ
쵶һԽХǺƵģЩϽɫһ⣬ܿûȥ
ҶǸޣϽ𳤽еļƷϿɲ٣쵶Ҳõ˼ôɢƸӵİԾľ˵֮С
쵶ҰҶ˵Ĵָ𣬵£õٶϾ׳мǧҩƿϻɣԼܹ˵Ĺֵ
ϻСڵ龧ϵĹֵҰѾʮĹֵ
ҰĿ޾׺һۣŻСڣͷҲصȥˡ
ÿ˶Լĵ·Ҫߣĵ·ԼѡģҰܼ¸ܵİԤĵ·ѵѡ
ҰŻСڣص콾֮С
콾̫ٴҰûٷصǱɽ֮СľѾﵽʦڣڻȴԶҪҸŨĵطС
Ұ뵽챦̻ṬȺУոսȥ˴ȥ׷Ǹꡣ
ǸңңŷҰкЦĵӣѾ׷ˣ
ҰŨü΢Цţ벻ˡǸϴѯʦֵ䣬֪ʦָγƺ
꣬ЩøеģҵذҶˣ˳
˵׷˴죬˼ҵֶûʣдһʡ
ҽ£΢Щɵ׷ʵʦ׷ѰҶټ֪Σ
һţȻˡҰһȻӡ
¶һĨŵ飬΢΢죬Ĵָ̾ʦܻҶʮ֮һǹǿĽޣǱɱˣ벻
ҵѣͱҰɱ˸
ɫ΢Ҳϼ˵ȥŷҰѯʵ֪ʦкҪ£ΪȻߣ콾ڲ˽⣬԰Ϸʦܡ
Ұ΢Цʦǫˣʦּ̤뵽ʦڣΪɲˡ콾ЩطŨ֪ʦǷ֪
ܾˣ֪ʲôʱܹͻءЦ£ӿֳһĨţ˵ŨĵطŽʮе硢ʥȵطŨЩطһЩơ콾иط˶ԺܺõУھŽʮ֮У콾֮С
Ŷʲôطʲô֮ҰҲЩȤ
컯ɽſڵطֽ͵컯ɽ˴ȥʮǧԲ𿴵ط̫󣬿ȴС˵ǿ콾Сʱ򣬴ӻгֵһ鱦أ֮иһ˿رԴ֮УԱʮ
ǿſʼӴġɱͨҪöࡣ
Ұй⻪˸Ȼ컯ɽǳĸȤ
ֵ컯ɽֹ콾ʮԼһЩǿ󱳾콾ӴУΪļ죬ֺʵķҲߵףҪ컯ɽУÿÿҪϽһ㹱ֵʹ÷ѣ
Ұǳ鴤£һֵʹһ꣬ùȻߵף
һֵһ׸߼żֵһֵ׸߼ڸԵļһֱȥ
컯ɽеĻһˣûЩҵ׵ģ治ǰ컯ɽС
޺ƲЩ췽ҰϮɱ߽ˣ÷Ұļҵ׶һЩ
컯ɽĻϻСһһҲֵõóġ


301 컯ɽ
΢һ˼Ұ;컯ɽҪȥġ
½ħ֪ʲôʱͻȱľʱ䣬ܹڶʱڽΪֲӰ컯ɽҪȥ
Ұ⶯컯ɽסʸҪǰ컯ɽȡÿ˵ֻа﷽Բȡ֮󣬿Լѡס򡣡
Ұ˵ͷֵʦֽ⣡֪иƷҩԪʦڵʿа˳ɻͻƵʦڣʦͻƵԲҲɰա֮ҲһЩҩҾͰһöԪɡ
һ𣬷ҰೣĵҲ쳣Ϥˣ˭Ҳ֪׸ô
΢΢ĳŷҰʩһ񣬼ĵлʦܣԪҪЩʲôϣȥü
֮Уʦ࣬󲿷ֻֻһЩͼĵҩƷϵʦϡ١
һҪ׼ϣʧܣҲֻܹãֲʦ
õʦҲףżҪȥ׼ϡ
Ұ˰֣ˣһҲҪ׼ʮϣ׼һЩҩȡֵģֱӸƵˡ
ôУܹԪҾͺܸмˣôܹϣæƴǣҰӦһöҩѾܼˣϣԼЩҽܡ
ҰЦЦƴˣȻҹúϾͻȥˣȥЩҩģ֪ʲôʱҵõǷϸҲԼѡϰɡ
ǾͶлʦˣһҾأɫǳϿҡ
ҰЦƺˣٴ챦̻ģʱٰѵҩ㡣
ٴεлȻʲôŷҰ׷ʵʦܣ˵ϴ챦̻һгһöƷҩֵһǧ׵㣬ȷд𣿡
Ұɫ΢΢£ͷȷд£ôʲô𣿡
Ʒҩļֵмһǧֵʵ챦̻У׼۾һǧֵļһ㶼ܹǧֵЩܹһֵ
£ּίи챦̻Ļ챦̻ҪȡһɵӶ𣬺ھֻȡɡҾãƷҩ»˵Ʒҩϵģ棬ֱӶһֵҪĶࡣ
ҰаԳҪôĻԺƷҩҪͷˣƷµģǷǰǹֱӻɹֵС
ÿһΣҰѯ˳һһ²һΣּ蹱ֵ·ɾвͨˡ
ЩǱȽ˽ģĽĻʮһΡĶ˵ҲȽϳƷҩͼٵƷҩں޲ϣ׸߼ֹЧͬķ׭󷨡һЩ޵̣ȵȡ
˼᣿ҰȤһ䡣
С÷ѩ˵챦̻ʥҩŴ棬Ұ챦̻ỹǺܸȤġ
˵ͷǰÿһʱ䣬챦̻ᶼ֯һرᣬʱ£ʱ꣬ʱ䲢̶֮ǰ֪ͨ
µĲһЩʲôö
˻һۣЦŵرᣬȻرͶƷҩϵĲϡ⹦Ч׸߼߹似ɶвǿ׭ȵȣֲȱʥżгĹ챦ȵȡ
ЦЦЩĵѹĶ͸ˣƷɵʥ׹似ʥҩʥ̡ŴЩƷеһ֣Ƕ֣ÿһرᶼ۲ÿξ۾Ϊλ㹱ֵм˰ֵ
ҰͻСô۵СֵۣһƷҩĻҪһŲУһʮŵĻҲҪԲȵ꣡
ǰóЩ֮ҲԪˣ
ҰԼṆ̀ҲЩɥֵ治֪Щô׬ġ
ô๱ֵô׬İ淽Ұʳĵ׵ɻ
ҡͷ٣׬ȡ²ܹ׬ȡô๱ֵ콾Լ׬ȡģǸ֧֡Ͼ챦̻رЩͼЩѪΪԼĴ˻ȡֵġ
Ұ΢΢üͷȻ˵콾ӻϵ
ͷǵȻˣÿγȥҪ֧һǧֵʱ䲻ޣʮޣͲ콾ˡ
ҰԵ˵ͷȻ콾лĻҪؼҿ
ĥƬֵ̣ʥ򻹲¾Ҫˣڿ֮ǰ챦̻ӦûٰһرᡣϴξٰѾ˺üˣҲʱˡ
Ұʼ磬ЦҪرֵһЩöҪ׬ֵа
ͬ£Ұ챦̻лûþ͹һٶัƷԪĲϣԼٸƷǬ󻹵Ĳϣȥǧ㹱ֵȻ͸ǣ컯ɽڵλø˹ȥ
ΪԪһֱϲǬ󻹵˵ıҩ콾ӳ궼ڸСֿ˵ĵҩǳܻӭ
컯ɽ챦̻ʮǧҰСһĹ򣬲컯ɽΧ
ԶԶȥԲ컯ɽ뵵ϼţʶأвʱѤĹ긡֣ƬɽתһִϢ
ŨԼһرԴǸбذҰң컯ɽ˸˷ܵĹ
лɱǱɽеҪǿ̫ˣһһֵֵǸۣ
Ұɿ컯ɽ˹ȥýˣҰĸо컯ɽĲƽ
컯ɽΧԼһ㿴ӣ콾µĳִ󣬲ȡסʸ񣬸ͽȥ
Ұһ·УܿͼɽһͥԺ
Ұ콾Ҳ˽⣬콾õľݵ
Ҫ뵽컯ɽУҪùֵȡסʸ֮󣬲ſԽ뵽컯ɽоס
Ʋ㣬Ұ䵽ͥԺǰ棬ݲȵ˽ȥ
ոսͥԺ֮УһݽŮӭ˹λ˵ĻǴ컯ɽģ
컯ɽҰ˵ˮ
òŮϹЦݣǰ·
ͥԺ֮Уиͤĥһ֣˽ʱ֣ӭ
Ұ΢΢һݣһ￴ֻʮҵӣɢȴ̤һҪǿö࣡
Ǹϵĸ֣
Ϊǿˣڵʢ඼ʱò䣬ͲΪ֪ˡ
굹Ҳɴ࣬û˵ʲôϻ֮󣬺ܿ͸Ұˡ
һӿ۳ֵҰҲЩۣźھ϶ػƣԺЩ
ǸոǸӡϵģźھͿ컯ɽѡȡסˡ
뿪ͥԺҰ´컯ɽЩڴĽ뵽컯ɽ֮С


302 Ȫ
컯ɽ֮컯뵣֥࣬أ貣Ƶһʥء
ո̤뵽컯ɽ֮УҰ͸о˴ڲͬϲҪôתΧ꣬ΧĵҲһĸо
Ұ¶һĨϲɫ컯ɽȷǸʥأһ죬ܹϵǱɽһµģ
һһ㹱ֵ컯ɽֵۣ
Ұڰɷ裬·Ĵúɽë׶˿ڰշƵġ
컯ɽס۸Ȼ߰콾бҲв٣һЩƼõĶ츣ͱռˣҰڰϸ̽飬ѡȡסַ
ĺûֱӹϵпҪúõѡַ
ʵҰɽƵ˽Ҳޣֻ֪ŨĵطʺУֻ֪ܼĵطʺС
ģҲһ֪⣬ͱȽϸŨ̶Լ̶ܼȡ
ҰĴ컯ɽεһȦۺϵıȽϱȽϣȻѡԱȽʺеΪڡ
ŹһС򣬻ͲͷˣɵĵϴҲ̫ˣѡȡλҲһõĵط
Ұ˷ۣƲֲʲôɽƣַȻ˵ѡȡλҲ̫
ĵʵɣҵи취ѡʵĵط
ʲô취ҰµŻ飬뿴˵Щʲô
ŷҰΪļܹļҲԽԽ࣬ҰҲ鵽֪ЩʲôʱЩ
˹ĵܹԶҵؼһЩÿһĵطǷǱѰĵشҪѡѵȻҪˡ
ء
Сг̱ʯĴ۾˸˷ܵĹ΢ŵС̹͸һ˿˿ԵϢһԾԾԵӡ
ҰһһסСڵͣݺݵĵһۣСӲҪˣﶯֱ
Сӣĺߺͣ񻷵Ϣڸȥ
ƳСһۣڻҲ̫³çˣֲɢһ˿ϢˣԶѡ˵Ķ츣ء
СɫƵĶŻ飬һҪ˹ȥӣҰεİ˰֣СҲʵɣϽҸʵĵط˵
Сĺٴηһ˿ɫ⻪һ޵ɢ˳
С뿪˷Ұ壬һƮ˳ȥڷӨȻŴĹ켣ٵƮԶ
Ұɫ΢ϲŻСڵĺ󷽡
ܿ죬Сھ͵һľ׵ɽ֮У컯ɽطҪŨ˺üȷһѵ֮
ǣСڽɽϿͣƬ̣ٴһƮ˳ȥ
Ұ΢΢£Сڵ΢һ˹СǷһĵطˡ
ʱСѾת߰˸طÿһط綼Ǿѵʥأˡ
ҰСǰУ컯ɽ˸ȻСڵζ¡
ͬʱҰеӡҲ£ûȥ
Сڵפ㣬ɻ··Ǹͨɽ壬˿طŨҲϡû˿֮
жҰһ⣬Ͷ϶·Ƿء
ով߰˸طƶҲûзı仯ͬʱо˲ƽ·⣡
Ͼͬʱʧ
Ұ׹ȥСҲɻƮɵɽϹۿ
˵Ҳ֣ոƶͬʱо·жǣָоת˲ʧӰ٣ǸþƵġ
ҰϰƵӡԲԼʲôþԼֻþҲܸСһ𶼳ֻþ
Ұֱ·Ȼж
ɽϣҰĬƵӡеӡ֣ƶ˳һɽɨɨȥŹκһ˿
ܿ죬ҰͲһЩԾٵĴӷ嶥ɽ£ǰһ±ڡ
ƶĸоǹ쳣±֮С
СҲ˷ҰߣŷҰ˵ͷ϶˷Ұĸо
Ұзһ˿˷ܣգ쵶УжƵ±и
ƶڷҰ֮У쵶ıͬʱ쵶ƶʱһ˿񶦵뵽쵶֮С
쵶Ը㣬һƵұϿٵǰţϵи±ϵɽʯֱƶӦλǰС
ҰҲһ˿𾪣֮Ժ쵶ƿѾʥҲˣֻƲʥҲ߱˿Ϣȴֲʥ
ʥʤʥ
Ҳ֮ϲ֮Ժ󣬱ȵ쵶Ҫǿöˡ
ۣ
ҰֵһᣬȻѾͨˣ±ڣǸȻγɵɽնռҲ̫ԼʮɷԲֳԲΡ
עĿǣɽնλãһ峺Ȫڹཹཱུķţ͸һƢžͿ̩ͨ
ŷҰ±ڴͨܵͬ鳲Ƶ⴦кХ˹۵ķһȪˮڡ
ȪҰ
ȪǴڴ˵֮еȪЧ൱죬Ի۰˷һܹͨת
ô˵һȪͿԽһͨĵطһƬʥأ
ˣȪȪˮǿֱΪ
棬ȪȪвСĲ࣬ȪԻͨתΪϢ֮ߡ
ڵķҰ˵ȪñȪûҪǿöࡣ
һȪҲǲ˵£ûй¶˿ϢǷҰСϵоһ˿쳣ҰҲһԷ
ҰЦͶϲ£ˣ;￪ٶ
쵶ݺᣬܿɽնΧֿٳ䣬һ׵Ķˡ
ҰһϾͷʯ뵽еĸطֽǧϾˣɼεס
ʰһУҰͿʼȪ⣬ϸ˼һ֣еƶ͸Ϣӵĺˡ
Ұ򿪶ǣһҺ뵽Ȫ֮УٴνƶȪøӵŨ
Ȫ൱ԴȪһҺ֮󣬹ЧøǿԼһְշĸо
ȥһҺ֮󣬷ҰҲʣΣȪĹЧҲá
Ұס׼ڵΪʦڣ


303 
ȪܣҰٵĶĺرԴҲ쳣ܼ컯ɽľطҪʺУЩʥҲ˿
㷽ҰУڵľƹҲתţʱ޿̲Ϊٶȼֱһǧ
ҰδأڽʱУ춼ƵҩԼľƣ֮ƶĻþĥԼ־ϵʱΪڿٶȶš
˵ҰѾһƷ鵤ƷҩȻû̫İա
ڸտʼƵʱ򣬷ҰѡƷҩǬ󻹵ȵٶัƷҩҩȫĹ֮󣬷ҰſʼƷԪ
ʧĴ֮󣬷ҰƳһöƷ鵤
ַԽԽʧܵĴԽԽ٣ú϶Ű˳ɵĳɹʡ
ЩƵƷʦƷҩĳɹʣҲĳңɵĶټ
ҰϰƵӡǿ⣬ƶܹҩ޾ϸʾҪǣӵһǧĵ
÷ҰԶЩƵƷʦĳɹҪߵö࣬ﵽ˰˳ɵĳɹʣ
֮󣬷ҰõһʮöǬ󻹵ԼʮöԪȳɹ˵ȥ¶ûм˻ţ
ӵҰľҲǵһµĵزӵ⡣
ҪǣȪΧҰΪÿ춼һǧͿͻƵʦھ磬ǷҰĵҩδƽһֱѹԼڵΪϵѹѹ
ȵĻԺĪţᱻĳ֮УдҰɲԺȥ
ÿһͻƶǰѸʵ£ſͻƣȻĻԸѹŲȥͻƣûԺ̫Ӱ졣
һöԪҰʱ򣬷ҰľҲ࣬ڵΪӿһѹƲסĸо
Ұ֪ʱͻˣ쵶ȪܻһԲȦȪᵽƿռ֮С
ͻƵĻ϶ͻƣҪҸʵĵطͻƣֲȪڶ֮УǴϱȽϺʡ
ƿռķΧ㹻󣬱˵һȪˣһɽ壬Ҳװȥ
Ҳûֵ̫ǮĶҰҲûʰŻСھ뿪Զ˹ȥ
ŷҰǰУͷؿʼֳһƬصںƲ㣬һ׹Ʋ˸ţѹ䡣
Ұ뿪̧ͣͷͷĽƣһĨصĿ
ΣֻΪҽϾĵʯ
СһæԶԶĶ˹ȥǸȥ˲䣬һɫ׽پͺȻ
ҰܣǵɫĽԼϣƹХתڱһɹ׽ٵһɣΪԼ
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һһĽ׽£ҰûУҰչԼȫ׽ٵ׹зžӨı⡣
ণ
һͷȸӻгڹ׹ԡչԼ˫ᡣ
໣
ţһ޺һͷӰҲźˮſ´Ƭ׹⣬ưԾ
ڷҰͻƵʱˮϵҲ˱仯һͷ䣬ȸ࣬ͬ
ãյĽƲɢȥ
ҰվУȥ貶巺Ĳɫϼ⣬覣ÿһ缡жǿ
Ұ˫֣׵Ľ˺ѿһڵѷ죬һ˽ȥִԶһ߳
Ұ̤ÿһ¶ʮ⣬ΣͶ֮䶼˾޴ơ
գΣʦڣ
Ұѹ˺üβͻƵģոͻƾͳȹʦڵľϡ
ҰӰ£вЩ̾еĻʦͻƵʦڣҲҪʱ䡣
컯ɽн¾ͻˣ÷Ұ̵ʶԴҪԡ
Ұа˾ģһҪŪԴУƸƻɽлٻԴ
ţֻҪԴϣǷҲؽԻͣ
Ұûͣͻ֮ʹŻС·ص
ͻƵʦڣҰҲҪϤ½׺˵ʥҪˣϤ֮󣬲ܹõķӳ
Ұ뵽Ǿϵħ񣬽ϵħ뵽֮󣬷Ұܹӳʵǰǿ࣬ûдﵽڵľ磬÷ҰЩʧ
ΪԽڣþϵħΪܵƾԽˡ
ʦڵʱ򣬷Ұþϵħ񻹿ǿһ磬ͻ֮뷢ӳһǾʵˡ
ҲԣϵħôҲܵӰ졣ȻĻһõ˾ϵħ񣬾ܹӳʥ͵ƣǾϵħ񻹲˰
ҰЦ£˾ϵħٴηص֮йԼΪ
֮󣬷ҰڸȻǸоʲô˫ۣ¶һ˿ɫſһԵĻСҲ̧ͷ
ҰһźھУ˸ŵɫ⻪⻪
Ұһ˿עȥʱĵ׸ֳһϢ
ʥ򽫻֮˴ιʥ򽫻ȫչ֣ǿִͨ˹ʥŴͨŴҲ˽ʥ֮С
Ұû뵽챦̻ᾹȻᴫһϢ
ڹʥҲһЩ
˵ʥǸ޾֮еֻչֳһС֣ÿοʱչֳ򶼸ͬϹʥ֮Ҳ㼣
û뵽ξȻȫұ˴ͨŴͨͨ
Ŵ콾һãιʥȻһѪȷ磡
ŷҰ𾪣ھеϢҲģЩҰٴνעУȻõһϢ
챦̻رὫҪ֮Уص챦̻ܲ˴ν۸鵤ҩǿ󷨷׭ǰűʥϵȵȡ
滹˼ر÷Ұ˶ȻĶ
ҰҲԸп챦̻ỹ⡣
ʥڼŴ˲㣬ʥ֮н쳣ĻңκսıﶼڹʥдĻһЩ
챦̻ʱٰرᣬֶһЩۺĶʥرó˺ü
Ԥÿһμıﶼ߼ļ۸Щرǻᱻۣ
Ұۺ֮࣬ЩźҲҪõЩرĹֵˣСһģҲֻʣʮֵ
оƵЩҩˣƷҩһʮöƷҩʮöҲܻȡٵĹֵ
ֻǣرͶƷҩֲͨᡣڴֱӳ۵ĻƷҩֵֻһǧֵ
ֱӳۣҰ᲻ãֻһһˡ
ֻʮֵĻҪرһЩöǲʸ񰡣


304 ٵ
еĶʰ£رǰȪתƵƿռ֮УҰʹŻС߳챦̻ڵλø˹ȥ
ر󽫻Ὺ컯ɽ챦̻ʮǧ·ϸ·ҲҪʱ䣬ǰĺãôʱ
ңҰҪõҩȡһЩֵҲҪʱ䣬ֻǰˡ
ھɫеЩǧݵҩû㶯˿
ֱҩȡֵ̫ˣЩƵҩпܻƵĵҩһƷףٳֵĻֵܹȫӳ
ӶҰͿԶӰٵʧʧķ챦̻ķ
Ұףܹ컯ɽסˣе龧ȻǺھҲ˽ر͹ʥ䣬ⶼǴȥμرġ
˵Щ˱ԼҪҪ֮棬øĵ콾лȡĹֵȻȥԼҪĶ
֪˲ر֮󣬷ҰѾԤεرȻͷѪЩΪ˶ҵ
Ұһ·Уʱٴ챦̻ḽԶԶͿ˴ʿԶвٶͷ֮͸һɹѹ
ر󣬾ڸ콾ˣ챦̻쳣𱬵ľ棬Щڻȡֵ͹ġ
̤챦̻ĹȺУӰͳڷҰУңңкʦܣҾ֪㲻ⳡʢᣡ
Ұ˹ȥЦرᣬ콾Ҳû˻᲻ġ
ʦܸҵĸоӵɲˣʦܽͻưȵŷҰĽ
ðˡҰЦЦó͸İƿÿƿжһźͮͮĵҩҩɢ˵Ĺʣá
ҰֽƿݸЦҴӦԪ
ӹƿ˷ܵɫĵôУʦܴӦһţôһóţҲ̫ˣ
Ȼô˵ȴ߬úܽٻȥ
ԪܹͻƵĵҩھﵽ۷֮ʱãʦͻƵа˳ɻᣬͻƵԲҲɻᣬ˵ԺܹͻƵʦԲ磬ܲ
Ұļ򣬲ںĵŰɣɲǰ׸ģһҪæ
æҩظʦлܷԸֻҪܹģһƴǡ
ҰЦⲻϾҪرҶһЩܸȤֵЩǷȱﻹЩԪֻû֣ͨЩԪֽرᣬҩֱӳ۵Ļ۸̫͡콾ʱ䳤ڸ鶼˽⣬ʣû·ӣ
˿Цŵԭ°ʦܾܷģ챦̻иطɽ׵ġԪǿͻƿĵҩҩֵֻһǧֵУһ㶼ܹİǧϣɽ۶һ¡ȥǸгĻǧֵ׳ۡʥ򼴽˵ŴҲͨʥͨ潫쳣Ļңرֲֵҩڽглߵļ۸񣬱߰ǧҲв򡣡
ָҰָָ챦̻ṬȺһƫԶĹҪȥĻҿԴȥ
Ұ΢£ͷĵȥƷҩһɹֵȻٹȥطѾ֪ûҪ鷳ˣæȥɡ
ЦŸҰǣٵ׼ͻȥˡ
Ұٴβ뵽۵ҩǸ֮УŮƸŮڸ˽̸
ҰϴĶɲСŮʶ̤в˶ע⵽ˣңңŷҰǸЦЦΪǸ˽ŸֵҩЧá
ΪŮΪÿ˸𣬾㷽Ұܹ棬ҲĿдҰ
ò⡣
ִ˽ķʽҰ˺øУȻϴηҰҲûġ
ҰҲûżЦŵͷ˸кĿٴδӹߴöƷɵӹڴ۲ĵҩ
Ұע⵽ˣǸ䳰ȷŮµվһУɫЩ㲣ҰĿг˺ڡ
ǵİҲὫҰôסԴϴǼ֮󣬻Ҳû۵ҩЩ׷Ҳܵרףӿɲù
ҪǰҰôˣ͹£ˣûٹ£Ұˡ

ڸ˽̸ʱиŵɫȹŮӭǳЦӯӯĵӣʲô˰
ҰļԲȻǵõŮ԰壬жԼ̹ʱȴ˹ӭҰ˿ûκεĺøУĵƹҴЩҩ
ڽӴˣɡǸŵɫȹŮȻŹҰ
ҰǸˣҪ˷Ұ⣬ɿв٣ǵҲνˡ
ҰµŴˣһ仰˵
ɫȹŮɫ΢΢죬ЦȻרõģԵƬ̰ɣúܿʹˡ
ɫȹŮ˵꣬ͻһˡ
ܿ죬ҲǸѡ˵ҩЦĳŷҰ˹Ǹĵ˵ͷǸ˷ӣõˡ
ҰںЦЦÿ˶˸Һִ˽̬ȣҲǺܼԵƬҲν
һóӣϵȵ裬ɢ㡣
裬ѾڻͳЩˡ
ǳЦŵλͳĴȻǺöȴʺӴˡ¹õ裬̺࣬Ȼ˵˵λȽͽͰɡ
ҰƷһڣЦ軹ƹˡˣιҪһЩҩҪ鷳ƹˡ
ЦЦܰϷӣҵҡˣǸļ۸мۣǰҲֱƷϵĵҩȡֵ񷽹Ʒʦּ٣ǵˡƹ۵ƷҩĻԸһЩŻݡ
ҰЩһۣµĵŶұֻһЩƷҩģôһ˵ҵЩȤ۸ʵĻҿԿڴ˴ۡܳʲô۸񣿡
ڽгϳ۵ĻҪһһŵĳۣȻ۸񲻵ͣҲ̫鷳ˡ
˴ļ۸ʵĻҰڴ˴ۡ


305 ּ
ҰԣЦǸļ۸϶ᳬЩ߼ۣȻҲȽгеļ۸̫ࡣģҪǵҩĹЧƷҩĻҾͰƹ̸
Ұͷʾ⣬ƷصȥˣƬ̣λƹʿ˳϶Ц⡣
Ӵۺֵҩʿ濪żɽʵ
Ұһƿϣһźͮͮĵҩɢ˿˿⣬ƽӳԡ
ƷԪͻƣʦʿáƹĿܹʲô۸񣿡ҰЦĽƿ˹ȥ
ʿЩӹƿƿǶţͷƷԪҲ㣡öƷԪҿԸһǧֵ
Ұ΢΢üͷҶƷҩļ۸ҲЩ˽⣬ڹʥڼֱܹͻƵĵҩĺܣڽгǧӦòѡļ۸̫ˡ
ʿ΢£Цǧļ۸񣬾ʥ򼴽ڽгҪǧҲҪ๦ɣĻҸ㰴ǧһö㡣
ҰʿһۣʣµʮöƷҩȫϣƿŨ˵˹
ʮöƷҩôƳģ
⻹úüʮĹֵĽ
ûõǧɰûʶӣ
߼ʦȻ

˵ĿжһƬȣʼС̸
ƵĿҲĶϵʮöƷҩεϳ˼ɫ
ЩҩҪ۵Ļɶкüǧ˵Ǹ֣ϵ﹤üʮˣܲ
ʱЩķҰ᲻ۣɾͰ׻ϲˡ
Ұֱʿ˫ۣǧһöͬĻʮöҩҶһɹֵͬ⣬Ҳֻȥطˡ
ƵĿҲתƵʿϣʿ᲻ͬ⡣
ʿɫ˼£տЦŵͷðɣǧɣ۸񣬾ǵҲ׬˶ˡ
ҰЦŵƹǫˣţǧգٿǧϣڹʥ֮ǰܹȫꡣ
ϣ˰ɣ㻹ǻῳۣǵռҲˡʿ̾Ϣһư﷽ҰҰһֵ
ҰһһʮöƷҩҲϣưһһ
滶ϲĴӷҰнӹھһֵȥˡ
ƷҩһǧʮţʮһǧĹֵƷҩһһ٣ܹһߵĹֵҲʮǧĹֵ
æһܿͰѷҰĹֵһˣҲõǧ˰ٰʮɣǻϲ
Ұû𣬽ֵһ֮ȥˡ
߳ҰɵÿЦ£ƷҩƷҩҲ̫ԶˣһʮƷҩһǧ㹱ֵöƷҩļֵͳЩˡ
Ұ̾Ǹ߼ҩļֵ߰ԺƵʱ򣬻ҪƸ߼ҩ㡣
ڣҰҲʮĹֵžرϣҲܹĵһЩöˡ
Ҫ÷ҰԼڽг۵ĻƻԶһЩֵҲ̫鷳֪ʲôʱܹ۵أһϣҲʡ˲顣
뿪֮󣬷Ұ£ͻƵ˵ǽг
رἴв˶ｻֵҲЩصıۣȻϲرеı󣬵Ҳвٺö
Ұţв˾˸ƤڵϣڷЩ򡢷׭졢ϵеĻڷżöҩǶڸ̯λʱؼּۻ۵ģҲַǷ
ҰϾ˽ȥһ·Ҳʶ˲ٺöϢķ׭Իþ󷨣лָĵҩз˵ķȵȣƴ඼Ǹڸеõı
ֻǣЩԷҰ˵û̫ãûкҳ֡
ҰŻСںĿгһȦ񲻾ɨһ̯λʱȻ
ǸЩҵ̯λڷżöӨ򣬼ʢŵҩƿһЩɢŵ޹ǣɢҵĿʯöڵϸ롣
̯Ǹֻʮ߰Ůһͷ̷һϮʿճģ͸һ˿Ũս⣬͸һӢ˵ĸо
Ůģ˴ܵġ
ܹ뵽콾ģ󲿷ֶЩģҰѾֲˡ
Ұǣǰ̯λϰڷŵľȻȫǾƷƿеĶƷҩöоЩΣգ޹ǸĹǼɢҵʯͷϵʥˣ
Լ̯λǰפ㣬Ů̧̧ۣ䲻ȵĵжЩ׸߼似ֱǽϵϵˮϵϵ似ҩ񵤣˰꣬ЧƳþӰ졣޹ǺͿʯĺòϣרƾرĶ۸񶼲ͣû㹻龧Զĺá
Ұִ̯λùһ״ĿʯǸʯͷƬӣֳɫĹʯʯӡһӵ
õֵ˲䣬ҰѾԿ϶ˣһǣںеõĹһֻǹϵͬ
Ұеǣ鵭Ȼѯʵⶫô
Ů̧̧۾һֵ㣡
һֵҲ̫˰ɣҰǳ鴤£ſھҪһֵŮҪ
Ůĵзֵģʲôܣ඼ûκα仯Եó۵ġҪһ򣬲Ҫͷ¡
ҰҲһǣ֪̺˸ܣһֵҲࡣ
ãɽҰóһźھľ£ھϸֳһ򡱵ֵ֣˹ȥ
ŮЩĿ˷ҰһۣӹҰе龧óһźھ龧һ𣬷ҰǺھϵû뵽Ůĺھϡ
ҰӹŮµݹĺھ뽫𣬾һʵڶ𣺡λʦܣܷתң
Ұתͷȥһڻ̤ŴĽĶУϹźЦݡ
ҰҡҡͷԼоо
Ұɣҳ˫ļ۸񣡡˵ţѾŷҰ̽˹Ϲ⻪ӨӨ
Ұ΢䣬˲̽Ȼץ˵ϣֽ˰벽ĵ˵˲ٸҶֶţҲ
¶һĨɫ΢΢ЩɱӹԳЦЦ콾˸ҪЮ˼
Ұ΢΢üͷҲҲʮ֮һʮֶɱ˺üȻһ
ʿɶֹɣ򣡡ǸŮͻȻڣ͸һϢ
Ŀ˿ŮϸոտʼܵɢȥЦԭаʦҲգ͸ʦøӡ
Ұ΢ĳƺҰ뵽ǰŮݣĴŮ֮սһаơ
ʮֱֶսǲʤһΪɲ⣬ʮֶһʤù
û뵽Ҳ۶ҲΪر׼
ĿɨҰЩƵĵòҪʥ򣬲Ȼڵģ
Ұ˿õĶ˹ȥһ޵еѹ˹ȥЦñң
һͣɱŨص˦˦ӣתԶ
аŷҰսڣĵոոҪҲ֣ʵһֽ̣
Ұ΢΢ЩȻҡҡͷŮǺս


306 ر
ڳаƵսҰûзϣĶֲ٣һࡣ
õ֮ϲҰڳаƳ۵û̫ȤҲûŻС̯λ˹ȥ
ʼգаҲûѯʷҰ֣ҰҲûԱš
һ·Ұȷǿ˲ٺöвȱʥǣйЧƷҩ쳣ϣȵȣǲʸ뵽رᵫֵּ͵ı
ҲǴ㻻ֵڼرϵõԼҪĶ
εһȦЩȷʵҰãû˷ѹֵ򡣱ϾĿرϣֵĻԼûĿĵõĳЩö
߳гҰңңͿԶһ̻Ի͵ľ޴󹬵Χõϼʡ
濴нǧɴСлɢ˿˿ƵĿռϢֽӴĿռȻ
ӡһ޴صӡǣ챦̻Ķر־
챦̻֮
ǰΰ޴ᣬҰаԸпﲻ֪˶䱦콾ĵɲ⣬±Щ˵Ҫӵ
Ұ뵽콾龧жͨã챦̻ҲжзֲƫԶ½вٷֵ꣬콾νǱ鲼
Ұвɵð룬콾ǿ󣬵ôģְ֮ʲôɫ
ϹҲ벻ʲôŵҰҡҡͷ콾ܲ٣ȴڿԽӴõġ
챦ᣬվҪоٰ죬ѾһЩڵ⾲ˡ
ҰûͣСһﷵصƮ¥УֱںԺ˸Ժ䣬ʱסĵȴյῪ
ȻƮ¥ѼߣǷҰᣬЩѻû
ڶһ磬Ұ͸챦ᣬ޴ǰͼ콾ӣÿ˵϶˿˿˷ܵĹ
챦ٰ̻رɲһᣬÿζĹ屦ιʥڼ۵ı࣡
콾Ӷ˹ЩѾ棬׼ƴȫ
ЩھŽʮеĸ콾вҲϵ
ҰСʱ콾Ѿ뵽챦С
һȵṲ̊Ĳϵܱ¶޳ѩڽ͸ȹɴ֣֬ۺϸС¶棬ʵ˫ϹһĨɫɴ͸һ˿˿а欣ջ̬֮
ŮͬΪǿŮͬǺϢЩа죬ӸŮͬš
챦ֱ̻ʻ󣬾ŴеľагۣҿרΪֻģϣʧŮһһû뵽챦С
˾ħŵСħŮ£ʥʱ򣬷Ұһ棬Щӡ
µõ˿ڸոս콾ʱһͷ̫ħ룬µõ˿Ÿ̫ħƵϢҰаԲ²⣬ͷ̫ħ뻤͵Ӧþ¡
ħţа½һ
гֵĶоŴеľаǵĹϣΪħŵĴˣƴȫҲȡ
ŮҲħŵľӢӣǸһͨ콾˵ģһμӾġ
ţһ׵һϮ°ɫ۲Ⱦ˳ڷڼֻһɫƤŮӻҪ𪣬ݰףӢոﲻ¡
˵ʸȴȻͬһааİԵ˵ȴ͸һĮӲĹ°һµĵ
ɵҪˣй⻪ˣ̤ŴĽģ챦֮С
Ǹ͵ǿߣа½Ĵеĵ꣬Ҳ𣿡Ա˵
ĹӢڣ硢꣬ĴĵӲ࣬ӵˣЩѹ˵Ĵˣ˾̾
ܰɣ˵˵ɲԱģܹѹ˵ˣе˰ɣ˲š
и˿϶ĵһûţѹ콾ǣǺĹĴˣ
ҰҲ΢΢ЩȣҲ״˵ǵû뵽ںĹ
ǵʵҰ˽һЩ¸Ҳ£ûоԵİտսʤǡ
Ҳȥ
һ콾Ув˶Լʵһһвڸˡ
ÿ˶ŸԵĵƣɱ˻Լĵй¶
ҰδʱҲˣҲ̤뵽챦̻С
йȻϣֽӴĿռ쳣ľ޴󣬸ûʣطǶĺھתһɹصĵϣÿڵΪڿٵš
ھϾذٱʱȴװƷ챦̻ĵ˶಻ѡ
ڴ棬һɴСĮ̇ӣû˿˸ȴ͸һضƴ̨
ǧʯληֲ̨Χÿλ϶⻪λһ壬һЩ޷ԼϢǿߣҲλ𻵵
˶ڴ˸λҲһЩ˴ܽ뵽ĹС
ҰȻһ¥ݿڣʰϡ
ڶ¥¥ݿڵλãŮվҰһӭǳЦӯӯĵӣûԤ䣿
Ұ΢΢£ʵʵĵûС
ŮЦݲûԤĻʾĺھһὫ쵽˵ĹС
ھ챦̻пܺܶŻݣܹ䣬ûдﵽھĲΣ޷һŻݣҲŮ÷Ұʾھԭڡ
ְذµˣҰҲܹ⣬ûΪֽھ˹ȥ
Ůһ۾͵ݸ˷ҰϹЦݣŵŷҰһ񣬵˹ȥ
ҰŮ˹ȥ
ŮոȥһŮ¥Եһ˳վ˸ոǸŮվλãȺŽӴĹ
ԽʮŻǸŮŰѷҰһ˵ĹС
ڳ̨ӵһǽϣǶһС͸ʯĿ̨ϵκν䡣
͸ʯڷһӺͼӣżĺͱյһɫС¯һ裬ɢ


307 
ŮǰȥΪҰͻСڵ裬վһԣĿŷҰǳЦҽкϼֱӷԸҡ
Сɵϣһ߳һߺ裬ֺ
ҰŮƵЦЦ°΢һʾ£վˣɡ
ϼæܾڹǰķݶ
Ұ˰֣Ҳϰվߣ°ɣûҪ̫ˣ˳Լһ裬ϹƷҲá
ϼЩЩֵ̿ĵ챦й涨ǶеĹƷ衣
̧СԴɵĵϴԺֻܳԺȣôȳ
ϵ׸˺ϼ
ϼӹЩΪѵĿ˿Ұ
ҰЦŵ˵ͷϼϵĽ΢ЩָԼҲһ衣
ɵСܿϼҲʼҰһЩҪע顣
ʵĳЩֲֵĻüֵ൱ƷģıҲʱί챦ȵȡ
ҰŰԵͷֵҪˣ˵ûЩȡ
·еԽԽ࣬·ˣҰ΢΢Щȵѯʵϼҿμв˵䶼ͦˣԲ콾ӣô¶
ϼǳЦŽ͵֪Щ콾ְԱееĳϣеƹű۵ƹеǸҩĵҲе̴ӡ
ϼ΢˶٣ּ챦̻ᣬ콾ְԱμӣرֳЩ屦콾еһЩ϶Ҫÿһرᶼв콾ְԱµģĲҲԳʶ
Ұһ㶣˹콾ְЩʲôģҲûȨʹ콾еԴ
ЩĳӵЩȨҪõԴҲҪԼŬȡ
·ԽԽ࣬ɨ£Ҳһǧˣ콾еĴﶼ˹һЩ콾ְԱ˽ر治١

һлص˵ͷһƬ׳˲٣ްµĹЧˡ
Ұ¶һĨȻЧãҲǸɶõı
Աߵĺϼʱؽ˵챦̻ӣԾкǿЧãһɶõʥһ죬ͱ־رῪʼˡ
ҰɫȻĵ˵ͷȴ𾪣챦̻ĵ̻ǿʥ洦ɼӡ
˳͸ʯȥͼ·һ̨ͬӨ׵չ̨̨ϷŸСӣһ뷢԰׵ߵ̨ǰһĵɷ磬ת˿˿ĵϡ
Ϲ׺͵Ц⣬ķ˹֣ĵ˽ԣرߣԹֵΪ׼۸ߵãһһϻҲ˵رʽʼڣһ
ŽԵĻ£һŮϰ̨ӣŸӨỊ̇һɴеƷڸڣҲ֪ɴôƵģܹ޷̽澿ʲô
Ů̷չϣҿĺɴʱֳеı
оķɫÿһϸСëɢųɫϼ⣬һͷõĻϷ裬Եλá
ŨĻⲻϹŻϵɣ
ϻʥŴ棬ѵǴһʥϰĲɣ
Ůƿɴе˾Ϳʼ䶯һ⻪Ķչ̨ϵĻɫ
ϹźͰ׵Цݣüɫ̨Ͻ˵һһͷʥݻϵβԴʥ͵ѹϣټһЩ𣬿һȣʥͳ֣пʥԴΪԭϣƱĻȻ޷ñɱʥеʥҲϵżĺô
٩٩̸;˳ھļֵ
Ȼǻ𣬶ԻԵʿ˵ֱ޼֮·˾̾
һǻ𣬺ı϶ãڴȻ䱦Ҳܳʶǲа˸̾Ծֵġ
·Ⱥǣ˵ѾʼĦȭˣЩ˸ǲͷýԸϽ׼ۡ
˿ĿɨһȦ˵׼ۣһ𣬵׼һֵÿμӼ۲һǧۣ
ԵĻһڣеĴ󲿷˶Ǻ죬ҪȥģǻûǸʵ
һֵɲСĿÿ˶ܹõóֵġ
ֱΪģһֵҪˣǰŵһ𱬵Ŀڣ˸˷ܵĹ
ʦܣǵҲҳıҳһиɫ۵귢һЦֱӽ۸ǧֵ
һӽļ۸ǧֵʱõĳӵĻ
ƸսȻụ̂Ҳɱ˲Ѫ쳣ļҡ
Ұûв뾺ۣϷ˲죬ѯʶĺϼô¶һֵǿھ𣿺ھܹңô๱ֵΪλڴУ
ϼЦŽ͵ھܹ䲻٣챦̻ĹޣŪʮŸóٵģкھҲֻ·ˡǱȽ˵ģʮ߸Ҫ΢ҲҪˡ
¶챦̻ƴ֣ཨ䣬Ӧòʲô¶ɣҰЩɻ
ϼǽ⣬밡رᣬĶرҪ콾Ķļֵ쳣İ̫ĻĴеǾͶˣͻΡԣ챦ʮŸ䣬ϲϵľֻˡ
ҰȻԭԵУԼͦ˵ġ
ϼֽ˵ǰλǰҲһСһЩƷͬкھſɽȻȹЩҲͨλǿöࡣ
ڷҰϼ̸ʱļ۸Ҳڽڽܿͻأš
Ұ˿裬͵챦ֶ̻λһʥҪһЩֵӦֵ¡ǣ׼ȴеһֵһ׾ͰѴ󲿷˵ЩֵˣҲԲֵģļֵҲӦеļֱֵһٶð
дһУҾͲˡϼ˼ЦЦ
ǧ㹱ֵΣɽеĴ£ձһϢǿˡ
ǸŮߵǰóھǧ㹱ֵе
ŵһƷĽ׳ɹӵĻ


308 𱬾
ϵЦݲƣʱһŮϰ̨ͬǰ̣ͬǺɴڣ͸˿˿ء
ŮҿɴһöӨ貵Уϲķģ͸һص
ʲôôôĽƣ·е˶Щɻ
Ҳûӣܵػϣܵ˲乥ʱԶܣֵܵʿȫһʥڼػɾ൱ڶһ׼ǧ㹱ֵÿμӼ۲һٵ㹱ֵۿʼ
ǽĺһĽһ֮ڶļֵԾ͵͵öˡ
ػֵܹһҲһֵ֮ͱˣֵֻͻ״Ʒ˶˷ѹֵֶ
ȻЩΪǿʿȤȱȱǶԴ˻Щģʱ˽˼۸
ҳǧ
ҳǧһ
ҳǧ壡

ǧһΣǧڶΣûиߵģǧΣɽߺ˼ҲͲӣֱеĴӡ
С챦̻ûз͵Ƶ˳ȥ
ҪЩֵǮĹ屦ԲʱŹ֣
𱬳һ˼ѪһƷļ۸߼ۡ
رУÿŷǷĹЧЩϵģҲܹͨ콾ĳ߼ۣϵ챦̻ɽס
ɵĽţһƷԲɽܿʮ˵
ֵĻ϶ЩеͨӣϯϺ͹е˺нм۵ʱ
ܹΪ챦̻ĹģЩģʵǿ󣬾ǱǿĿɽǵ۹ȻҲߡ
챦ЩǶûзϣҲøЩͨ
صģֻ챦̻ᵽһЩ屦
ǶڵȴĹ屦
λ漴ˣǳը֮һģһǳը֮󣬽γһȭͷСǺˣʥľϣ׼ֵۣÿμӼ۲һǧֵԽһܹ̾Ŀǹǿʯ
ҳ壡Ҫˣ
ʦ֣ѾгֱˣǱˣҳ
ҳˣ

ʥϸǻ̶Ȳ࣬ʥľѲϣǧ㹱ֵһеŮĵȥ
˻𱬾Ļó׵âɫŸӶµķģ͸һļµѹ
Ľܵ׷ÿһż֮󣬶ɶв΢Щ⣬һŷͿҪһʥҪˣŴʿҲ̤У׷ɱԽıرﰡ׷һ𣬹㹱ֵÿμӼ۲һǧֵĿʼ
Ұ¶⶯ɫ׷һٻħƣһøһģһķĺƵħͷٴﵽڵħ˰Ұ̵ӡ
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׷ǺöҪõҳиϯϵԣһӽ۸ǧ
һһ
壡һ˼Ӽۡ
ۼʶַ֮󣬷Ұʹڱص֮ģҲ˾۵Уֱӽе򣡡
Ұһڣ˶סˣһһĹֵеЩҲٸˡ
ֵŷ־ʹˮƯˣû˸ô档
ֵһΣûмӼ۵ģܹɱķûˣʹĹĴţʱ䣬뿴ûټӼۡ
ֵڶΣмӼ۵ĸϽӼ˰û˼Ӽۣŷɾ͹ʮߺŹ˰Խϵĺ˼Ȼû
ֵΣɽΣֻеĻƽ𴸣һ
ĵףŷ׭ܹĹֵʱֻҲЩơ
ϼĳ˿ΪȵĵӻǺǣһӾͼһĹֵµ˶Ҿˡ
ҰЦŶҲӦÿٴεˣҳļ۸һɽļ۸Σ
ϼ΢˼£۵ʱ򣬽һ׷ɽ۸һ㶼֮䣬ȻӼۣ˶Щֲ¶˹ڱصõľģ˲پˡܵ˵ûˡ
Ұ΢΢˵ͷļ۸Ҳ࣬Ϊֵ۸񡣡
ܿ죬ţһŮߵҰǰзŵɫ׭
Ұֵ˳ȥɾ˽ס
ɵĽţ˼⹦Ч׸߼һЩЧĿʯ𱬵Ϣȼ
棬Ʒҩפյ˼壬ŵҩĹЧǿԶڷʱգڵϾˣҲ˿仯ԵһϯõóбǰδеĻ𱬡
ʲôפյפյ
פյһҪõ
ഺջ󰡣ΣҶҪõ
ˣϴξûξƴеļҵףҲҪפյõ֣

ǰδе󲿷ֶŮӵеԼеİԵеĻ𱬣ȫפյڱص֮ġ
Ұ΢΢¶һĨȻû뵽פյŮ˵ô޴
ϹЦеЦݣɤӣƷҩפյ׼㹱ֵÿμӼ۲һǧϲⶥڣۿʼ
ҳֵפյҪˣﴫһ𱬵ŮһӾͼֵ
򣡡һ洫ɴ䣬˿á


309 ر
壡
ҳ򣡡
ҳˣ

һʲͬŮ۸ٵȥת۾˰أڼ̧š
ҰĿɿڴƷҩļֵһ㶼һʮֵ֮䣬פյֻܰ˱ղϣû˿ЧãҰôҲû뵽һöҩȻ˼ҵľ
۸ԽԽߣԽԽ٣ֻʣ¼Źڼż۸񣬵ÿνм۶Щԥûиոսеôˡ
ʮߺŹûмӼ۵ģǸܹഺפյҩɲǷöҩһӶˣ϶ЦݣܵȾפյЧãĹĶǽоۡ
ʮ򣡡ոǸٴγԣһӽ۸ͻƵʮء
ֵߵƷҩֵҲʮֵңһûʲôʵЧõĵҩܹ۸񣬽ʣǼŮҲپȥˡ
ѳʮĹֵȥһפյǻ޷
ʮֵһΣûмӼ۵ģмӼ۵ľͿ˰
ʮֵڶΣǧѷפյû˼ӼۣפյھźŹҵˣ
ĺ˴죬ҲûκټӼۣҲ֪פյʮֵǸѵõĸ߼ˣҲӣʮֵΣɽ
Ұ΢ЩȣĵפյľȻǸսĳаƣôྫƷȻΪפյ÷Ұ
Ұ̵ĸܵŮ˶òں̶ȣаţԺԼΪƷʦ֮ҲҪһЩפյ
פյĹؼɲǷңɲǷһص滨̺һֺصֻҪҵ滨פյҲ̫ѵ顣
ȻǰǱҪƷʦС
εԵ̬˿δƣԽԽչֳƷֵҲԽԽߣЩҺ͹ϯ˵ȤҲ
ƣʱиŮչ̨ϡ
ҿɴͼзһѵĴߣһɵɫ⣬Լ͸һʥ
ȱʥ·ȵĽ˳
ЦֱӽܵһȱʥΪǬߣģ´˵еĳ߶ƳɣԿٵĴգѾȱȻ˲Ϣ׼ÿμӼ۲һǧڿʼۣ
ȱĶ˲Ϣģǻ˵ãڴ˵еĳߣ¸Զˣ·˾
ŶǬⶫĹЧЩ⣬ȻΪ˴ǼȻˣȻܷŹҰ˫Ʒ⣬ԴܸȤӡ
ϾĿһ˹ĵҲ˲Ϣٺ٣ͷɲû˵˵Ǭߵ֮û˵Ǭߵı׶ˡǬ·Уˣ¾ͲԶˡ
ҰЦЦνˣɱ˵ʱҲòⶫҪʲô飬·ǲѡѳӣҪˣ
ϼȵŷҰǺ淽ҰжңŸƶ˵Щ
壡·ĹϯѾ˱˼۸
˾̧ۡ
򣡡˽۸ߡ
ҰһȻڸ˾ֻۣҪȼ۸ߵǸ΢һˡ
Ǭܹ˲ϢȻˣҲв˷ǬߵĹ㣬ÿμӼ۶࣬ż۸뾺۵ԽԽˡ
ʮһŹѳǬ߿·ѱûиߵģԼƻš
ǬߵĹЧҲޣ뾺ԽԽˣɽǹƻ󣬾û˼뾺ۡ
ڶΣ˾ۣǬ߾͹ʮһŹҵˣ
ģ˶Ϊʹİʱ򣬷ҰȻңң˹ȥ
Ҳ΢΢£û뵽˼ӼۣЦŨʮߺŹҵѳģûиߵģ
гĬƬ̣ʮһŹִʵ壡ٸߵĻ͹ˣ
Ұ⣬ĵ
ûиߵģҪľͼӼ˰ϵĺš
ϧ˵˲ȻپˣҲû˼ۣԺ֮󣬾һеĴӡ
ܿиŮŰ˹Ұ˽ס
аӨӨǬߣҰĸܵһŨĿռ䷨¶һ˿Цݡ
ǬߣԺڸ·潫ɵöࡣ
ϼĿ⾪ɵŷҰҰѾĵ׷ĵȱǬߣѾȥʮĹֵո˵Ϊ˳߶治֪ΪζжٵĹֵԻӻ
ֵļֵͣ׵׸߼ʥϣнƾıȵȣɽҲڼֵرеմ
漴ر֮һλþ׼ɣЦһһŮŰչ̨ϡ
ڽԵʾ£ǸŮҿϵĺɴ¶һСһĺɫ棬С͸һɹаϢ
а𣡾Ŵеľаܹóرᣡ
ȻǾаħеϻ棬ŻħޣҲܹ磬ʸߵģܹ֮·ߵĸԶ
öħãκһʿõԿٵǿȣֻǲ֪ж٣

ǸŮոսҿɴоһľ
鿺ܵĽ˵ţŴҶˣ潫ҪǾŴеľаһžаСħ޵Ѹ棬ʿҲɽ˻ޱȡ׼ʮֵÿμӼ۲һǧϲⶥڣʼۣ
ԵĿӹϯɨ¥Ĺҡ
ʥϵפյǲȱʥֻСС֡
رڲŸոտʼ
ܹĵаģȻǹϯϺ͹ˡ
ڴеЩͨ콾ӣûнм۵ʸ񣬴ʱȫĬȥֻ۾л˸żĹ
дרΪ˳ʶģҲûԼԲ˿콾ʱˡ
ҳʮһ򣡡Ի䣬ϯϾиӢٺ˼۸
ʮеƷɣȥڤħˣΪ˾аרŸ˻Ծа־ڱصð˵
콾ħҲвڤ֮еһЩдаȻ쳣ļңҲһѹпЩڴ


310 ʥ֮
һʮŹϯϵѳʮһֵûиߵģԹƻȫ
ʮ򣡡һдŮгаȻ˶ɵһ
ħŵĴˣ¡
һֵɲһ˿õóģҲظܵ˸˵ĵ̡
üһǾŴ֮һֻһţܹ˾˼ңⰡҰϹһĨЦݣ˿ûвȥ˼
оŴе̫𣬶Ƶӡ־аֲʺҪȥһر˷ѹֵھа档
ãʮźŹѳʮ򣡻ûиߵģ磬غš
ʮһǧй洫һ÷ǳµȫˡ
¹ĸ磬ͲҪūˣʮ򣡡µĻꡣ
аҲҪǸμӣҳʮһǧǸٴ
ʮ򣡡ϯϵƷɫȴЩأļҵҲͿˡ
ʮһǧٴ
ÿξͼӼһǧֵ¹ĸ磬Ҳ̫С˰ɣʮ򣡡µջ󣬻ڱصõľġ
ƷɰҡҡͷûмӼۡ
аֵʮ򵽰򲻵ȣǸݾаĶٶľаֻСʵֵҲʮֵ
ʮֵϣѾԶԶĳܼޡ
ʮһǧӵɲ
ʮһ򣡡СħŮ¼Ӽۣĥ䡣
ʮһһǧٴμһǧֵ
ʮ򣡡СħŮһ˿Ȼ󣬶һĨᶨǾаڱصá
μӣӮˣ̾Ϣһдһ˿ħԡ
¹ĸ治صװҶ˺üĹֵµЩֱֵ֣˹
Цĺϲ£죬˼վپۣԶʮĹֵ˽ס
ھа֮˼ֵƵرһǸİʥõò˵һֱܿܡ
һʥĿԴɣԾ񿺷ܵĺ˳
Իδ䣬·ĴоͿʼȻ˶ľ˳
ģ˾а𣬾Ȼʥ챦̻λѪ
⻹ѹᱦ滹иõıرᣬûа
ȱʥرᶼûˣ벻ξȻֳˣ
ΣҪΪŶʥ

һһƬһƵһǰδеĸ߶ȣ˵ﶼ޷ƽ
ЦݣʾһŮҿһ̣¶һӨ貵ʥӣʥϵĿ̺۹½룬ʱʱڱţͨɢһɵĲʹ⣬͸һɹĻʥ
ƮƮǳƻ˵Ϊӣһʥ׳һʥһżУһʥ;֮꣬ԴĨȥ֮ʶΪӵꡣһ죬Ϳö뵽ֹĻþ֮УڻþвʥҲ޷ѣңӵǴΧĹһʥмҲ
ԵĽ˵˵ӸˣѾ̲ס˳׼۶٣
׼ʮֵÿμӼ۲һֵϲⶥĿʼԸɴ˵׼ۣһԾ۾ϵڹϯϺ͹λعۿ
˻
˶һ۸ԶԶ˵󣬾һЩϯϵĸ콾Ҳ˿Һ
ǱŸ֧ţʱҲЩģļ۾ʮֵˣ˵ﶼûˡ
ʥļֵһ㶼ʮ򵽰ֵ֮䣬Ѱĵ֮ıɽҲʮӣܴﵽʮ򣬸߼۵Ĳ˵ûУҲ֮١
ӶıƣصĹЧͨʥҪصĶˡ
ӵļ۾͵ʮֵˣǸ콾ԤϣҲûϵôߣһ˶ЩϢĸо
ʮһֵʥӣҪˣиӢ˵ӹϯվг˸۸һƬȡ
Ұɫ΢꣬ڸոս뵽콾ʱ⼸Ůһڽڵɽϰʲôˡ
Ұἰ½ϵһڶݣʵۺ
ܹһӳʮĹֵȻԼĻⶼиȡģҪεرĵʥ
ЩǵʥͼǿߵЩֻǵ
ʥ͵ôһʥЩвʥûУ
ǶʥȻ˵ǿҡ
Щʥ͵ڵʥҲ࣬û˻ʥģ֮Ҳвرϳֵʥۺ졣
ҰһȻɹֻǰĲçΪλʥ˰죬Ҳֻ뵽һܡ
ǾǣçǸϧԽԽ˥ˣΪ˰ʥ׹Ǵ˷Ұ
ʮֵʥҲȤһȻ׾÷ҰЩ⣬û뵽Ҳһš
ʮֵʥӣҺ쳾ҪˣһһŮԼȴǳ̬˲ԾĳС

һһ𣬿ٵؽʥӵļ۸߷塣
ʮŹҵѳʮ򣡺ãʮһߺŹϯĿ˳ʮʮŹҵѳʮ򡭡ʵʱؽгһߵļ۸г˷ܡ
ڱ֧֣ÿ˶쳣İԵһڱصõľģ۸ֱܿʮء
ʮʮŹϯϵѳʮ򣬻ûиߵģЦ棬һͷ׷Ʒ⣬ܵĹĶ˼ۡ
ҳʮ򣡡ϯиԣ۸ٴһЩ
ʮأ۵ҲûôˣǼ۸Ȳš
˵вȱʥʥ󲢲󣬲뾺ĶЩԼһЩʵİ
ʮһٰʮߺŹϯѳʮ򣬻иߵľͼ˰Լѹե˵Ĺֵ
ʮ򣡡׾˸߼ۣ۸ơ
ʮ򣡡Ǹ쳾ŮһӼֵڱصá
һ£׾궼ĬʮѾǸŸĵߣȻźҲû취
ŹҺ쳾ѳʮ򣬻ûиߵģԽ˰죬ҲûټӼۣʮļ۸еĴӣ뵽˺쳾ǸŮС
ҰһȺһﻹǹģǼʮΪԼѾˣһȣвСĲࡣ
¹ħ칬쳾󡭡ҰԺЩ֣ڤ½Ŵ½⼸ĳʼˮˣ콾ҲԽԽȤˡ


311 ʥҩ
ʥӵĳ֣õǰδеĸǣֵȵıﴩա
رڳֵı϶ֵʮ֮󣬽Եֿʼ
ƣһŮ̷չ̨ϣҿɴ
һָĸ¶˳飬ͨɢžӨɫ⻪ԼһƲʱ
һͷȭͷСɫڸ裬ŵɫ׵磬еĸӵء
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ʵʥҩʣһظܹãҲ֮ˣۼֵĻȲǾа
ǣԹ⣬ǰʥҩĹЧ˵˳׼˸аһĵز
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˵ԪɽλϾԪԪɽʥҩеģ˵һء
Ұ΢䣬Ǹ˵ĲӬǵʱһ֣ʱð֣ҰԴûһøС
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ҰҲôڤ粻ˣҪǱץסԵ֤ݵĻԻϣ

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ЩȻӰ첻ˣҰϸĦãã̾һλʥ֮ʱµᣬȻֻһЩȱĵ棬ǸҲмĺôʥ򣬵ȷ
Щ̺۶дܻþżĺôҾڴ˴չأ˾˫֣վ±¹ۿ
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жҰͷӦ˹쵶ϳ˲ӭ˱Ĺ
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ӸոյĹѾӦˣһȱʥ
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ڰ޳ͬʱЦһ˱ֳһɫĴ㣬һ˱ֳһɫĴ㣬µĹ켣תһ̫ͼͷ
ƵǸֳһƬããɢһɱ̹ǵϢ
ͬʱƵüбһ貵Ĺʣһɫˮεӡĸֳ͸һԵѹɫ⻪뵡
սƵһǵˮӡϸֳһſ˴ۼͼٵڵչɢſֲʥ˲ͽԲʮȫķ͸һǿĿռ䲨
ǼƵڰ޳Ҳ˿˿Ƶĺڰɫʣӡ֮ټһӡ
Ƶͺڰ޳Լһʥƣǿн˴ΪҲ޷ڶʱƿ
λһ֣Ƭ򳹵׻Ϊһʥеʥ֣ҪƳҲô򵥵顣
λոնʱ򣬷Ұѹס˻Сڵĳ֣ȻСһ̲סҪˡ
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սǽסգʹֻƬΧڻ޷ɳ⼸ʮķΧ޷˺ա
Ұס쵶ɫһƬĮתͷȥͼгһīڵķɵ󣬷ɵŵʥż΢ɼѺۡ
ոշҰ쵶ǸɵԺһԵϻһ˿ľƺûϵҰͷӦôȻԱܿıɱһ
Զĵط׾Ȼǰ飬ӿһĨŭɫ˫ĿĶԣĵԣڸʲô
Ұ׾ķӦҲĵף˿лɣ׾Ҳһ˿裬׾ķӦ޹أԵ顣
Ұԣг޾ĮɱȻĵΪʲô
ԿʵϸֳһĨЦ⣬һյţ˫ֱӣ˲˵Ϊƶ
Ұ΢ȴɫЦΪζ϶ƶϣΪҶһ仰
ֱӷҰĵԲʱ򣬾ͿɱʦԲǿߣҶ϶ƶϣ
Ƶͺڰ޳ж¶һĨȵɫ׾ҲЩ㵣ȻҲɹҰƶͷʱͱѹˡ
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Ȼظһ䣬¶һĨȻЦֶлɰѹָղſԶҵıɱһ
Ұ͸һɹ°׵ϢǷһĨЦ⣬Įĵ㲻ϧ˺Ƥŵ˶ٻ˹ĵҪסˣ
ϹŵЦ⣬ŷҰ̾һ֣Ҳˣֻƶĸϵ̫Ҳò֡
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Щźĵ֣ҲΪУֻûκεĻأֻûʯһԶչذɡ
ޣϹۣȻûĹεĶ׾ŭɫ׹⸡͸һɹǿϢ
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һڣڣһʥһȱʥټһԣΪܹסǣҰ쵶תâбָأϵսڶϯ¡
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ոͼȻǷͼķƷڷշ棬ҲһʥҪǿö࣬Ҫƿ˴գɾǶʱڿġ
һҰˣԵҲˣɱҰҰɱǣ
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Ե¶һ˿Ц⣬˫Ŀɫ⻪ЩȵĵսҶܹռϷ磬û´Ļϻ컯飡
Ұһ¶һĨĪЦ⡣
ܹӦ컯Ϣ˵Ҳ컯飡
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Ŵвǿ߶ˣһְɣҹζ࣡ȥɱ׾죬ˣڳһնɱҰƵһƬɫٵҰҰĻѹȵĽڽڰˡ
ͬʱǸһϮµĳҲˣ˫Ҳڿٵһӡһͷɫĺ߳Уһ򹥻Ұ
֣ˣԳһֳһ˸žɫı˪ٵĳ׾졣


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αӣ׾һٵĽһӵķ뵽ͷŲ㱦֮С
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Ž׷ŵģƶӵ֮ƶʧʱࡣ
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һΧҰҰѹһʱ佫ϵħڣһ߸ˣȵ֣
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322 
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Ұ׾˵ͷСսĵط˹ȥ
ýˣǲŷһɽ޴ıںΪǿʿš
˶ĸ֣е꣬е꣬ÿ϶ɢһֺƴ콾ĵӣӦǾŴеʿ
˵ȫͬеĽ»еĴֲ£似Ҳͬ˴ϲĬȻżȻ۵һģͬһ֮ˡ
κεطҲһɲСʵʱȴԱ֮֮κεͷߡ
ͷ­Ϲ⻪ʱȵĻ棬ʱӿɭı˪Ӵڰ鶯ţֶȾϷ硣
ߵ˲䣬ҰӾ΢һԲĸ
֮ϣһһأ
ԲĴѾ˿ռıʣѰġ
ΪߵҲֻڵļһű似⣬ǿάŲܣ˾Ȼһ˺
Ⱥ˵ӱջֲͬһɵˣΪλսˣÿ˻ʵĹŹ֣׾˫Ŀɻ֮ɫ֪Ⱥڸʲô
Ұ΢΢۾ɻĴ˱һ˫üһͻȻ㿴Ǳߵͷ­λãϸӦǹѹ
׾ĿȥϸƬ̣Ȼԭˣ޵ͷ­оȻһԵĹžӦǸмʥѹȺһﶼ˺󣡡
ҰЦȺһﶼڱʵ˭Ҳȫŵȱ֮ᱦȥᱻ߸һһɵ
Ǳߵļλѣһ֣ɱߣôҷ֣Ǳ˲ڿĺоԮ
Ǽ˲ģսԽԽˡ


323 ׽һ
Ұɲ⼸һȥĵǸ˸λֻʦΪȥҲûá
˵ʱֵĵʲôʦôôģ
һ˵ŴеĸɲѽøôˣȻ콾ĵɣ콾ռʥ޾£в˽ˣ˷Ѱ
׾һĻӦ͸ɾ㣬ˣ콾ʸûУͬȾ磬ɱ
Сӣɣŭȡ
׾һ֣ƵүվҰ
ŭɫһĨŨɱҪȥնɱ׾졣
һæȰֵܣҪЩСһʶնɱߣʱʰ⼸㻹ֵ飿
ǸշһֵĵĲָɱߣٶȥʮʮҹҲɱߣ
һЦٺ٣λȻԸˣȫûκϣնɱߣ
һ˵Ҷģȫȫɱߣ˭Ҫǲȫ˭Ͳʥ֮У
⼸ҲһķģŸ˿ĿⲻƵĶűߡ
һ֣ħӥշļһһ˫ּ۳һֻڵħӥһչ˻Ǳߡ
ʱֵսȸոոһֹ
ڤ֣߱
ǹ
ħ
Σ
죡
ÿ˶ʩչԼĹΪǿƣһľ춯أΨ˲֪
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޴Ĺ϶˺޴Ŀռѷ죬⻪Ѥãͷĳűȥ
˻
˻һ޴βͽն룬׺Ƴ𣬱ֳʵԶȸոո
ǼһȫǿֶιԵβ֮£ȫֽһ㣬ħӥ˲ѣȻɢʣµǼҲɱ
һ߽Ĺ
ǿҰ˫¶һĨ𾪣֪Բǿû뵽ǿôף
׾첻ĵߵսôǿΪθողóѵҪèץƵϷˣ𣿡
أСڲĵͽһĿⲻƵĶ׾죬Ҫ˹ȥӡ
뵽񻵾Сһϣ׾첱΢΢ڨЦʲô󣬿󣬶ˣǾߵô¶
˶ȣɵĵһ׼ͻƵ磬ûжŧսһͷ״̬µԲŧˣﻹֵõţ
׾Ͻߣүģ׳ɹ߶߲ˣ׾쾪´ѾĥıӴˡ
Ұ˫Ŀй⻪ҡͷʱȲһʧˣͻᱻٺǾлϵľӡ׳ɹҲһǵ󣬵ʱ߲٣ɹʧܣۿĶɽ٣ǽҲԹĺô
׾΢˼һй⻪Ҳʼصĵ˵ͷһգգųС
һӽ˵Ĺɣû׷Լڵ̧ͷ죬Ŀк
ʱʵƿʼűͷջ˹ԽԽ׹͸һԿ
٣ģҪɽٳɾǸշļһﵱ˳
ʲôҪǳΪǻöﰡˣ߰ɣһ˾˳
߰ɣû㣡һ˵
תȦЦҺȻֲˣһ׵ĿǾ簡ۿ߶ɽٶԽĺô˵ˣ޶ɽ٣ʮа˸ùҵҿɲôã
һû˵Ǿǣȵ߽ʧ֮Ϳǹžˣһ˾һݾ˭Ҳơ
ǸշĿ׾죬ֿ˿ʵĽƣʼջδҳ֡
׾죬ֻǵ׾ֻ׽٣ǾͲϣõˡ
׾Ȼһƣëʲôүү£
Ǽһɫ࣬ն׾˵ǿ׾޿ֵӣЩĪ飬ѵСʲôĵƲɣ
׾ԽţշǼһԽǿ͸׾죬ĹѪͷҧгݣ˫Ŀ𣬾ǿҪѹƲסӡ
ʱôãŽﵽڣҪ㣬ֱһͷײˣ̫趪ˣţ׾ĭҷɣĲֺ
ҰͻСҲû뵽׾ôţָıҶ֣š
ˣСӣΪĿ۵ģɣǸշļһʵܲˣŭڣʲôҲ˲ˣĳ׾죬Ҫնɱ׾췽һͷ֮ޡ
׾Ц͸һεƣû˿ĵǺ;£ƽѸٿˡ
ΪңԶоͳ˰ض̸꣬ɢһʥ
ض̸꾹Ȼһȱʥ
ݣ˵Ҫȫ˰ʥСĶģԶ˵˳
˲˵áض̸꿪·շ˽²ͣϹЦݣٵ׾˹ȥ
׽׽һã׾ܵһȦɫĹ⻪ָ죬·һӡ
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׾ƣǸոۺõĽкȻһ޴ɫףȻշĺ

շķһֵĴǿҪͷתȥǵѾϡ
䣡
޴ĺշĵ˷ɻңͷӶû£ֻʣ°ض̸ţ׾˻ȥ
Χ֮˵ӶҰ׾Ķסˣһкɱһλ̫ˡ
̧ͷʵĽƣҰ¶һĨȻ
޵Ե׵ΧԵļӳɣȻܹ׽ٶԽãոպǵ൱ھ٣˵ǸڵļһˣһڵļһˣҲ̣
׾Ŀж˼ɵոյҲʧӰ٣ǸߵĿҲЩ㵣ΪǵǳģոѾӦԵ׼û뵽ȻǱ׾ȥǸȥˡ
֣Ұ˴ĴָĴˣȻûм򵥵ġ
ŷҰŹֵĿ⣬׾ЦЦطҲǽʱܹʩչֻù
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һ׽ǵص£񷶼׵󣬽߳׵û档


324 а
֮٣Ӵ䣬ңԶҰҲеһԿĸо
޾׺֮Уɫ֯ı߻һѪʣȾѪɫеĵطĹͷϣȻڿš
٣ֲȥˣϾҪˣԶֻ
ˣ
Ȼһɫ⻪׺ɢ޾Ĺʣɢһʥ׺еĻɢ˿˿׵뵽ߵ֮С
ʲô߶ʥɢеĻ׽е˾˳Щʡ
׽ٻԶԶδʥҲһܹɽٳɹ˳ԣԶԱ߶ɽٲá
׾׽٣Ȼ߶ɽٿˣȻԳΪһλ׼ɣ
Ұ̧ͷʵĽƣ뵽׾ոһף΢΢ЩһЩ
׾ĻҰûдϾȥһһӨӨ߳УȻֻаأȴɢһ޵ʥ
ǷҰرĵõǬߣ
ҰЦǬ֣ûҪ뿪ô죬ͰĿűͻưɡʱԼۿ߶ɽٳɾҸоѾʦڵϣ̤ʦҲԶˡ
׾Щȵ˷Ұһֿۣ˿еǬߣЦȻǾ͵ȵȰɣ߽׾ҪҲô׵顣
ǵĹۿУ̧ͷ죬һţƬ׺ȫ뵽˸Уһǿɢ˳ʵĽƶɢ˿ȥ
űߣҰһֵɫصĸо
Լ˹ǰҲǸոսûãȻܹƿعʥ治֪콾ôġ
ǧɳ̣˾һΡľɽǰ棬ϽһѪ裬޴ͷŤתĶŸոնֵˡ
ģȻɽٳɹˣɵĸʶõܰոʣµеһû⻪ҲҪٶ뿪
ҲҪܣոͻƣ粻ȶʱֻҪĺһܹնɱиŭȻҪնɱߡ
˵ĶԣǵΨһᣡڶɽ˾޴ĴˣžҲԷӳ̫ǿһ֣˱Ȥ˫ĿƵĶߡ
Ǿһ֣ʣµ˶ݺݵҧҧǶǸеǿߣÿҲвٵƣͬʱó㹻ߺһģ
ڤ֣߱
ǹ
ħ
ѱ
һĶǿʽ˳иһﾹȻѱ˳ǿǸ׷ͬȵķܾ졣
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ĵҫ۵Ĺâڸߴı֮ȴԵ쳣СĵڱϣһѪ¶汦⾧Ө塣
ףôģôֻĵ˭û֣һ˾ŭĴ˳
Ҳŭӿٵתͷȥͼոһֹߵӣѳ⣬ͷҲص߷˳ȥ
ۣˣһѪ۴С
ˣĿռ޷˺ĸӣ˭˳ȥҪȥǻ쵰𣡡һ˴˳ԶȥһѪɫ⻪ȻǶȼط
Ҳ˲ýѡ˸ͷҲصԶ˹ȥ
ѽεҪܣ˻һٵĶ˷޲Ĺ
ˢ
貵βͺȻӹգ֮նѳ룬һƬ޾նһ¾ͽĸ£ڡ
β͹һСӲĽλӰڰУžͺ
ߺ֮󣬱ɨ˷Ұһۣ޴βͳգŷҰ˺ɱ˹
ҰǬһ׾Сһٵʧԭأ뵽УԼϢ
΢΢еЩ⣬ĿתʧԶǸСڵ㣬ӴζȻԭʧһɺƴĿռ䲨Ÿոķ׷˹ȥ
Ұ˵Ӱٴθ˳׾µĨ˰ͷϵ亹Цܻĸûһ£ͱ׵ķɱˣҿи©֮ˣȻ͸׷ˡ
Ұʼ磬Ǵûйܵ˵ĳޣɱȶǵĳ޴öˣ
ߵľкöȥ׷ˣȥϳȥ˷쳣һűڵľ˹ȥ
Ұ׾һۣж¶һĨϲδ֮ǰıߣҲһͷԲĸĶȻһЩ䱦ղأ
ߵľɽٵĵطԶڻĴ£Ұ׾ܿһɽ֮С
һƬ޴ɽȣıں͹ȵȫ⻬ŲٵĲľӰĴ䣬һçĵϢ
ΪߵԵʣ︽ûκεݴڣĵģһŵϢ
ҰҲ֪߲֪ʲôʱͻˣ쳣Ҳɽеɫٵĳ嵽ɽһѨǰ
֪Ǳ߶ԼʵţʲôԭԼĶвûκεľ֮ʾҰһûܵ˿谭ľͽ뵽˶Ѩ֮С
һ붴ѨҰ˾ͱѨеıѤõһѶѵѻһѶѵĵرۣǸСɽƵģɢ貵ı⡣
֣ãգҰЦų嵽ƱɽǰһһѶѵĶ뵽ƿռ֮С
׾ҲЦһĵرԼĴָװ
Ƭ̲Ұ׾ѾⶴĶ˸һɶ
ϴһƬҩ԰龪ϲĴгѻһɫ⻪ʧڶѨ
ƬѨҰ뵽һƬ֮УȻǹ⣬ϳһҩݣеݣеǧݣеĽӽģԺһҩ㣬Ƣ
ҩ֮⣬ҰԺĹһ˾ӨӣһɫĹʵһǺ«״ɫʵÿһӶӨΡ
ң«ģȻô࣡һʥ;ɣȥ֮;ϲĴ
ݣ˷Ѱ߾ȻҩݵܲԣĶ˷ˣеģʣһ룬ܼҰ黹ûϲãֵĴֱš
ҩ԰ֲҩĵĵطֻǺСһططҩݿήĺۼȻƬҩ԰֪Ѿ˶ˣҩ԰еЩҩҲԷġ
Ұй⻪˸貵쵶УҲ˲쵶ֱ쵶ƬҩﶼֱŲ뵽˾ɫ֮С
Ұ˷ֿܵ˻ĿܣûʲôֵǮĶ
ȻҰĿһضסһƬǽڡ
һƬ貾Өʯڣʯھһİ̶ɵһ㣬治ʱһӨķģ֣Ե쳣
ʥ֮أ׾쾪
ǽϸֳĶǴĺۼһĸо˶Դ׽뵽һּľ֮У˵һþ
׾ĽкҰг˻ȣһܹﵽ˾ľ磬һʲôľ
Ӵҩ԰ʯڣ÷ҰиеһĻȡ
ҰüйâʢƵӡǰδеתҪƬʯڶᵽƿռ֮С
ʲô᲻Ұ֮£¶һĨ޴𾪡
ɽʥԳսһɽǰҲܹ֮
ǣһֻʮɸ߰±ڵʱͶˣ
ֻʯ˸ĸֹ⻪ԽԽ貣ǸһƵģûһ԰
ϴ쿴ʯһţָžӨ赴󺰴УĽɫëϹ⻪ڶƵġ
˳ŻָķȥҰͼЩֵķĺǹһصŻ͸һɾ޴ѹȴõһ㣬֪ͨη֪ǲŻ
һʥ͵Ķ׾˶ۣй⻪˸
ҰͷΪȻĵһʥӣ˾֮ǰԴͣȻһʥ͵żǲ֪Ǹô
׾ʥżĻʯЩľʥµ󷨣ƽⲻ󷨣޷ʯڰߣ
ҰɫʱЩʧĵ󷨣㲻Ǿֻ뱦ɽջˣ
׾ЦɲǿջأʯڣǰĶȫˡ
˵׾ֵ˵Ļһʥ͵ĶʱҲֻʣһտˣǱܹڵĵزȻѾ̳ĴУʥžõˣʣʲôˡ
ҲԣͻƵ磬ؽԴˣܹõô֮ƣҲǲˣ̫̰ˣ²˳٣Ҳ֪ʲôʱϽȥɡҰͷǣתͷҪȥ
ǰײ˱ߣǬߣһܹգ׾ΪȻ
ڷҰתһɲǣҰԼʯʲô˸£һ⻮Ҫץסȴʲôûץס
Ұһͣס˽Ųˢһתͷٴʯڣ˸ɫʣһҪط
֣ôˣϽ߰ɣǱ߾Ҫˣ׾üͷ΢壬ŷҰɵ㶵ӣ̲סСĺš
Ұ׾ĺţüĵıϹʴƵӡһǰδеٶתҰ˫ȫıһɫ
һɫ˿ڷҰԺиֶŴĹ켣תţʥ似Ҫӵĸӡ
䣡
һƬƴĳڷҰԺУŲڸƣһԸ߸ȴһ쳣ܵĸо
ŹԴ
ҰԺûɵĸֳ֣ȷԼʲô󷨣ǶŹԴ˽ȴ쳣ľ΢Ѿ˴Ƶġ
ҰǰվھӨʯǰžӨʯ֡
֣ɣִһ㶼кķɣ׾ſڷһȣΪҰĳֻþ֮УҪѷҰѡ
Ұͷ׾ЦЦʾþţֺͣʯϰȥиֳһСӡǣһһŴгû뵽Өʯ֮С
ˣ
ʯڹ⻪ҰһӽƬʯŲ뵽ƿռ֮С
˻
ߵ˻ңңг˷ŭһɺƴٵϯ˹
ãѾˣٲ߾ˣ׾쾪¶һ˿Ұɫͷ϶ʼŶĺ¡
ͻƵ֮˲ɱλ֪ıߵĿ£ʥػҲԸ࿹⡣
ҰǬߣһȵߣ
ţҰɫͱˣʧеãﻹЩصĶڣǬ߶Ʋգ


325 ӳ
ʲôƲգ׾ʧɫ
Ǭ߿һʥȻ𣬵Ǭ̺ʥȻǬ߶޷ƿգ﾿ѹź
ѵѹ
ѵﲻʥ͵ĶĶ
ҰԺͷٵתţܵʲôԭҲûʱ˼ˣıѾҪﶴˣٲ߾ҪĽˡ
ĵطǴӶһͨģڳȥĻͱȻһ
ǼʦΪӵϾıҲ·һ
ҰĿѸٵһȦȻ̧ͷ­ߣ
Ұų貵ĹâƵϷȥոճʮɵľ룬ɫٴα˱䡣
ô׾ӰҲڷҰߣϲء
ˢ
׾콫Ų㱦˳ͷϣ˿˿Ƶʥڡ
ͬʱҰҲǬͼСڶһڣеΧĽôˡ
˿ͣٵϷȥǳĸ߶ԽԽߣǹӴĽҲԽԽúʥȻǸоѹֲסӡ
ʥԻסȫѵѹ𣿡׾촽лһ˿˷ܡ
Ұ˫Ҳһ⣬žͱǿѹڲǿЩʱ򣬵ȵԺлᣬԻԵɣڵҪĿǶߵ׷ɱ
׾ͷѾͻƵ˾磬ǧܸĻᣡȻɾˣ
ߵϢٵĿҰҲ¶Ũ֮ɫͺСڣ񻵣
СҲ֪ԣ˵ſ³һӨӨĹӭûԽԽ࣬ÿ˽£һӨƵģתš
ˢ
յĽʧˣҰһһѱٶȳڰ̺磬Զ˹ȥ
Ƿϵܹħ֮λеٶȸ˫ȴջҪö࣬˲ʹܵʮ⡣
˻
߷ŭ˻𣬹󷽵һһ˶ͷӷҰĵطð˳ͷɫɢĹâʥ
ҰͷһɫЩףĸ֣Ͳܹģ뵱İľ֪ˡ
֮һһأ˵ǲһ󾳽ľˡ
磬Ѿ˶ķ룬ҪǶϣľ棡
䣡
ͷոðͺȻڵأ޴졣
ֽеĸ߽ž˳Ȼ޷ǴĽ򣬱ǹɴǿѹȥ
ߵŭХɲϣǲûٴδǸط
Ұа˿Ǳ߾ʥҲ޷ӸոƬиϹҪ׷ǣͱٴδƬɽгǿɾҪʱˡ
ֻҪǱ߲ǰǱҪץסǣҲô׵顣
ˣĽʧˣڳ׷˹ǶǬ߰ɣҰһʾС񻵡
ҰóһӨӨǬߣ뷨˿˿Ƶɫ⣬׾ͻ顢Сڶڣȥ

ֽƵѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬Ǭ߹һ˿ٵû뵽֮С
ҰоǴڿռ֮УƬ̣ʹһð˳
ˣ׾¶һ˿ɵɫŷҰѯʵ
ҰǬߣЦЦıѾǧˣôԶҵҲסǶԹʥ˽⣬Ļᴫ͵ʲôΣյĵطҸովֱӴˣǾ͸һЩ
׾Ц벻ǾȻһǲţ
Ұ΢΢ͷҲǳ˾ϲոڱ׾ѡĶǶĲϣҰѡԳƷӶ࣬ҩ԰ԼһĹʯڡ
ҰõЩ棬ֵߵľʯڣӡŴĺۼһŻ֣ͨŻ
۱Уǳ׽ľ磬ȻҲܹӦĸ
ֶ޼֮㷽ҰѾﵽʦľ磬۱жΪҲмĴٽá
㷽ҰòˣҲԴطңҲܹḻһ·ҵԴ
νı߸ϴˣǸգ÷Ұ˶ҲֱͦһЩ
ȻҰ΢΢üͷɫ΢˱䣬ЩõĸоѾƵģǻȷסϢɣǼһ׷ˣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ҲָоסϢɣ˱ߵѣŹ֣ΧЩ޶Ҫˡ׾סԼϢЩֻӡ
ҰתƵӡԼϢȫסеǹɲõĸоŽɢͷ˿
ʥֻ֮ɾµʿܹ룬ڹʥͻƵıߣɨʥûܹס
Ұ׾ʱȷ˱ߵ˼ǧﷶΧΪ˽ڹʥε
ǵǰУ׾ڷҰԽԽ
ҰǼʲôöһЩʦʿµ̺۶Źõ׾಻ѡ
лĸӦǾһЩĵرеҺеģеʯҰ߲ܡ
ҪҴһԴֻˣҰң͸ŹЩԴˡ
ಣ
һɫ⻪Զ˹ȥԼɼһɫվŸӰٵʧԶ
Ұ׾ĿѾ̹ˣȻ˸նУʵǸеЩȡ
ûã˸ʧķ˹ȥһӰ
Ұ΢΢üͷ˵ķֲͬ׷ɱѵ׷ֻǸɺ
ϣڵҲв˶ͬһ˹ȥҰ׾һۣоЩŹ֣ƺǸط˲õĶƵġ
ҪҪȥ׾ѯʷҰ
Ұһ߰ɣʲô֡
Ұ׾Ҳ˺󷽣ٵǰ˹ȥ
ǰûãɢξͶȻվĿ⾼ԶʥҩҸܵʥҩϢףϢŨıϢģǰѵһ𣿡
ҰĿ촽ٶٴμӿ졣


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Լɣͨɱɫƶɣͨ͸ıϲʱһصķģתһĪĵϡ
ڹܵУŽλǿߣ󲿷ֶʦĸ֣Ҳжʮǿߡ
ЩʦĸͶԼĪʮӣеʦںʦԲҰûмƲ콾ĵӣǾŴ˽ܡ
Ұɫ΢콾ĵ֮о츳ߵˣŴеĸҲ츳콾ǿߵ˽ܣ˶ʼҪƶˡ
ĳλǰĴµڶ౦ϢҲǴӹ֮͸ģ÷Ұеȵǣλǿ߶ΧŹΧȻûһ˳֮С
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Сĵ㣡ҰҲ˴˵صĲ
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ۼۼԽԽ࣬ܲסˡ
һոյڵһһʦڵߣûӦʱһץסĺ󾱣з˸̧˳ȥ
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ĳĹ̺Ĺ֮ΧնסˣƴƣҲֻǺ˰ɣͱ޴ָĵ˽ɫϡ

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ӿٵ˺еɫһƬ䣬ƺЩţһʦ꾹ȻԼ
˵Ҳ𾪣ҰĿг˼ɵ


327 ֮Դ
Ұ񼶹ֶ˾ϵħսѾ˿ڵǿˡ
ٶʥڵǿҲѹס
ҰԶ乬ɫĿ£
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նͷٸ콾ӵ̽·Ҫնͷ­ˣҰЦһг޾ţȴûиƴĴ㡣
ӶԺһҰնԷһƳеŭҲɢ롣
֮⣬߰˸ڵǿߣɲտʼͱ¶ƣΪʸ֮ġ
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ħƽĵ˵ĸ˶ƵģҵԶԶδָҲͨʿԵֵ˵ģҲвС档ҵԽǿҲԽ󡣡
ҰЩϼһﻹβ룬ֵӦ֮ɣ֮УҲ𣿡
ħЦЦЩȻĵǶ˵ģңûκӰ졣
Ұд˵ڸСг͵ĲӵǸĹ򣬵оͻܵѹƣħȴ˵˿Ӱ죬˵󻰣ģ
ħʵĻ쵶Ҳлܹߵһ
ħ˵ӣҰҲûм׷ʣֻҪһԼߣԼܹ֪ġ
鷭˷ۣƲôôƳӣ
ħʵǰҲҲǰ𣿡
һҲûз
СɻĿ飬ֿҰִӿտĴɨһ㲻ӡ
ħһʮ꣬ЩһҲˣʱǾͻ֪ҸߣǶô˵һ顣
ЩһҰĺɡ
֪ģǾʵĺáħԡ
Ұֻðĵ׵ɻĴһȦѯʵùУûıˣ
ȫˣֻʣʥҩЩҩˣˡħƽ
Ұٴο˿տĴЩεҡҡͷ֣ռְ֣ɡ
ħѵЩ˿ɲܹԸ˵ģ㽫ǾԻƴġǿҲܵģҿɲҵ飬ͱ˸ɵˡ
Ұ΢ħ̫֮Դƿռ֮УŵЦЦƵĿʲôҲỳҰѶոɾˡȻֱӽˣİɣд㣡
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330 
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Ǹոճ嵽乬ǰ棬乬һãʧӰ٣ԭֻʣ·ҰСһɵ㶵Ĵ
˵϶¶һĨ㵣֪׷ʲô飬ǰĽŲҲͣŷҰ
Ƭ̣˷Ӧ˹ſڴץסҰ϶ˣ
ԣеıȻϣˣɫƵĽ˳
СӣõĶ㲻иڵǿв
ܿ죬ҰĿж˵⣬콾ӵĿҲЩ䡣
ıǰû˿ƽԴ㷽Ұǳͷ˵ҲԶԶϲϹеıҪ
Ұ¶һ˿ԳЦݣǸǿʳʱԼոϹͷǸЩǿ߸һѪĽѵ
ҰĿԶ׾Ŀ⽻㣬Ȼ׾ľǬƿ񷣬뿪
Ұ׾΢΢˵ͷΧļʮλǿѾΧ£ֻһƿյĻᣬ׾ϣֻ߲׾졣
乬еıѪսſԱиڵǿɱȻвţŸӣɢɱԡ
иʿЦҰǰɣʵһҲǼǿˣҪѣûһ˿ϣһϣûУԹԵĽ乬ıܹһ
˵ôɱȻٸƾᱦиڵǿ߿ڣδ䣬ֻ̧һƬ֮
Ұһͱһ貵Ĺ⻪סΡ
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ٿڲܹӵеܹڶսн˴ֲǷҰھϤٱʱȻԸ
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331 
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ոֻǸڵļһǸڵļһֺǼȱʥһϾɱ
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ڸոһֱЩˣ϶ǾŴеǿߣ콾ӵǲء
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ҰħҲ˺棬һʲô֪ӣԼиΡ
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ҰܹӳӽڵΪߵĽ˿ﻹһʥԲҲһܹ
ոǳҵɱ߿Գ֮Ϊɱ˶ڷҰʵ˸̵˽⣬˶ҰΪͷΣͬŮµȥ֣˭Ҳ׵ˡ
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նɱʮλǿߣҰҲеһƣóʮǬ󻹵УٵػָΪ
һУҰܻĽʬϵЩָԼ׹䵽ΧıĿٴתƵ˱ߵʬ֮ϡ
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߸ովѾȥˣȴЩļһΧһֱûлȡߵ꣬ȵʱ䴦ߵ顣
鿸Ű׹Ǵһ˱ߵͷ­ϣ׹Ǵܼ˳Ȼ嵽˱ߵͷ­֮С
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ֱӴﵽʦԲ֮


340 鷳
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ҰһԴεΧ˹ºˮϣΧ׵֮ΪҰڡ
һɹɾٵתΪҰΪҰ͸ѹԽԽǿҰȹʦԲ硣
ҰԺиֳ⣬֮һֻƴСȸŴӻԡ裬ţһͷӴӺˮغУ졣
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ŷҰͻƶͻƵģŷҰͻƣҲﵽʦԲ֮ȫë˸ŽɫĹ⻪ʣݷ޾
֮ϲֻͻ̫Ļ¸ȡҰ΢΢¶֮ɫ
鲻ںİ˰֣ϴͱˣĸѾʵˣͻƣˮɵͻˣʲôӰġ
ҰͷԼΪԼľƹ񼶹ٶȶԶҪǿö࣬ƵӡľӿƺҾδǿȸǼ⾫֣Ȼβơ
СſڷҰļϣĴŹǷһ⡣
Ұóϵħ뵽ڣʱоһǰδеǿ󣬶ΧĿռ䷨Ӧӵ
ϸ¾ϵħҰķ֣ͻþϵħ֮Ҳܹӳڵ
ΪԽԽѣϵħֲ״̬޷÷ҰԽһ󾳽磬ֻܴﵽڡ
ҰҲѾˣڶþϵħʱȻҲԲٿΧս౶
ټǼӡԼֶΣǶԲǿߣҲһս
ȻҰҪսʤԲʿļҲ΢΢ԲʿҲ·Ұ
ոնɽٵĳ쳣ĺƴ󣬷ҰظӦ߰˵ǿϢڳٿкüǿߣϢɲ⣬Ӧöȫʢ״̬µǿߡ
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ٱΧСڶ񻷵Ҳؽһս
ҰҪ鷳ͼǬߣ˺ѿһռֱӳ￪⣬ԶԶ뿪ǸǷ֮ء
Ұոȥɽٵλþͳ߰˸Ϣǿʿһ¶ϰϢΪǿվȴûƵģǸԲǿߣ
ϲɱ⣬ƤΧһŰ׹Ǵ󹭣Ǵ߳Ƶġ
ϸӦ´˵صϢһգгһƬֻаƴСתŴɡ
ùƬǰ˫ִһӵӡǣ뵽Ƭ֮УƬϽһѪɫ˿ߣٵػ۳ذӰӡ
Ӻݺݵ߬ȭͷҧгݵĵҰմȾѪΪܹӵɱҲçʥ˳𲻹죡ذձػὫնڼ£ʥ򣬾֮أ
ذ˵ЩѭŷҰϢ׷ȥ
ҰǬƿգϢ΢ɲ飬ذǸƬҪҰټҲô׵顣
˼˴ɽ֮Ѿȥп׽ٵ֮Ҳ뿪ȥ
Ұ֪Ѿһǿ߸ˣŻСھڹʥε
ʥף콾Ҳ֪ʥж󣬱֮ĹŻ֪Ҫ˶ٱ
ֵطԶһ㣬һֻϵϢʱؿԼɷݣ˵Ŵ˵صĻ
˴ιʥ콾;Ŵжв˽뵽棬ʱҲһˣʥĺ嫡
ڽļУҰõû鶯һ˿ϢѰҴ˵صıƶȷϣõʯ衢顢ʯĵرõһЩǰʯ±ڣҰתƵƿռ֮С
⼸ĸ򣬷ҰյĸϤΪҲӵȹ̣طʶҲﵽһּĵز
һգҰһСɽϹۿһʯϵһۣиῡʵӴɢһɹȵƣѹҰɱȻ
Ұüͷ΢壬ͷҲص͹
ûлͷҰҲѾ˵ΪӦһǸʦڵļһ
ɫһ䣬һϮ޷裬ߵǷҰɣȻţ


341 ħ
ҰɫһﾹȻǳԼģ
Ұֽ̧ʯתĶ꣬ĵŨɱԹγ𣿡
⣬ÿһëжӨӨϹһĨ߰ЦݣȵǷѦǳɱɵĴ˳ѾϢˣ˭ǽնɱͿԳΪµĴˣ
Ұظһ飬΢΢뵽˵ǸԼƵѪԼնɱǸ꣬նɱĵһ꣬û뵽ˡ
ҿɱǴϵĶӣʵôҲãʮһ뵽˹ʥ֮УƫƫѰ㣬үھңѦǳ˫Ŀ˸ڳڷҰ֮£ûбֳ̫ķŭЩֻĸо
ҰЦЦˣͻףүھ㣬ھ㣡
СһӷҰļȥվڲԶۿţûгֵĴ㣬һֵӡ
µ㻹ûǸʸ񣡡ѦǳһȻӿֳһƬдеľһ֦ҡҷתŴӨӨıԣ͸гɱ
𣿡ҰЦһˢһʧԭء
ʨӲȫ㷽ҰѦǳΪҪߣҲκεĴ⣬һ־Ͷ˲ƣҪѦǳһɱ
˲ƣѦǳȻСΧ֮ӿȣӵʮԶλãĶܵı仯
Ѧǳ콾ӿеõϢҰʦڻߺڵΪû뵽ҰȻͻƵʦԲ磬ȫϣѦǳɫЩѿ
ȻѦǳоǰ֮Щ仯˼شӱժһ컨󲨶ĵط˳ȥдȵɻ񣡡
컨֣ٵתһƬƬӨĻ꿪ʼ˿ÿһƬ涼תŴһƵģиѿѷ죬ϮɱҰ
ҰͻأĳУƳȭɢҫ۵ĹâݿѦǳ˹ȥ
Ұȭͷϴһ޼᲻ݵƣȭͷĿռѹƬƬ궼£ȭͷķΧڣڶ໨صغһ

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ҰȥƲȭͷϹâ貣ֱѦǳؿڡ
Ѧǳɫ󾪣ˢһ´ӵλóһɫǣ˾Ө貵顣
ӭǣػǰ㽻֯һһͼٵؽһ𣬽׳еʡ
䣡
ҰȭͷϣһƵĺϵǵͼٵرװһû뵽Ѧǳڡ
飡
ȭͷصѦǳؿϣǾ˷ɻأǾ˹赲ѦǳȻԶԶ˳ȥſƬѪһ࣬Ե쳣Ѫȡ
Ұ׼ȥٸһȭȻѦǳѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬˴ӿռѷ˳
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⼸͸Ϣ쳣ĹŹ֣õ÷ҰЩϤһʱ벻ֻоһ״ΣУͻƵʦԲ磬Ҳһĸо
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һһâСڷֱڷҰҼϣضŶ档
Сڣë̱ʯĴ۾˸Ũĵ⣬ţƵġ
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ȫ´ŷҰĿڻСתš
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ȫڿĺ֮У滹иɫñӣǵĴԴںñ棬ݿԵ쳣а
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ħߵǵòǰҸ˵һʮ꣬ЩһҲóˣ˵ǡ
ҰȻʶħʱħȷʵ˵ƵĻ˵Լߣһ˵顣
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⣿˵㣡ǾҰԺзһȣոǸ˳˵ĳЩǼɵ
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Ұ뵽ڽʥ֮ǰ콾λصѣ˵֮⣬ǻĵˣͲҪ֣ѵ˵Щħ壿
֮еҪǿ󣬾ΨһħͲҪħ嵮ڻ֮Уÿһħ嶼ӵ޾һͿܹù֮ҪͿǿԽõħ壬ԽǿЩǧļһǿ飡ħҲЩɵ

ҰݺݵһҺĵԪ޾һӵпͿǿôڣ
ħ͵ħ嶼ؼһֻ籾Դ֮ڴĳ˵ھɣھǻ籾Դ֮ɵģ鶼޷۳̺ŴıԴھеֱתΪΪҲκεĸãЩ籾Դ֮ħ壬дˣû㣡


342 
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ħ壬籾Դ֮൱ڻŵĺھдˣӵ޾ԪӵпֱǺţ
Ұһѯʵħ岻ӦΪ֮лôħ֣
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пᣡҰɱȻ
ɽȻȫħĿ
ħÿһʱ䣬ͻħƿ뵽ĸ֮УеΪʳһЩСħ廹Ϊ壬һЩǿħ壬鶼ɱ֮
Ұ뵽˷ħѹͷħҪ״̬µľèѹѾȷǱȻһ鼶ħ
ĸħ½ؽΪһƬ棡
ս˭ܵ
鶼޷֮ɱΨже֮⣬ػϣ
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ħǿ˵óΪһƬ˲Ŷԣôڣ
ħ̾Ϣ֮ʱͷΪ⡣ħ񣬾磬鳤飬֮С֪ʲôʱΪһҲ˽ܣǲʱū۵ˣΪرݣսħ壡
Ұɻѵ˵ħսʱĲɣ
ǰɣˣسʱ͵ģֹеԵõħҲԵõħЩɺ
Ұ΢ĻеӾ͸ùˡ
ȻҰʲô׷ʵ֪֪ʮǰƶʲô飿ô¶
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Ұ̾ϢһħϹŶ֪ҪƿҲô򵥵顣
ˣ˵ʮ꣬ʮ굽ʲôĺ壿Ұɰʵ׵ľص׷š
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вȱƶоɫ裬СҲ񻷣ǻˡ
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Ұ˫Ŀ˸ΣյĹâǹճһĨɱ⣬˲佫ϵħ뼺Ȼʲôµ
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ҰڷɱڣϷӿȭͷųɫʣһһǰȻƣӭȥ
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׺ײһֻǸħϵɫƬһˮĹʣõ÷ҰͻȻһִ޻ϵĸо
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ڸո£κһˣֻ¶ڷҲǶϽۡ
ҿҰ쳣ǿ򣬻治öԸ
ҰҲˣħԼڵʵԼ֮ħԼǿһ˿˾ϵħħ廹Ҫǿö࣡
ֻǣħȴЩŹ֣õ÷ҰԷӳ̫
СӣԶԶҵĶ֣ԹԵĳΪҵѪʳɣǸħĴЦţϵƬɢĹĻꡣ
Ұָ˶Ժ˼£˴˵ʵ
ŷҰ˵ʱǸħٵֱȻһӣһĺâֶЦɣ


343 ɱħ
Ұʶ˸ոնɱѦǳһĻҲҴ⣬գԵ쵶УһҫäѤâ˵ն˹ȥ
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һĽ쵶ֱӽǸħǵ飬ȻسǸħȥ
ոյ̽Ұڴ˵ʵѾЩ˽⣬һȥҪһ
ҰĵնǸħ˫ۿٶһһӡΧսŤһɹŤڷҰ쵶ϡ
ҰȻо쵶ϴһɹŹֶƴҪѷҰ쵶Աߴȥһ޷Ƶĸо
ҰԤϣһٵؽƶһ뵽쵶֮С
ƶ룬ǹɿռ˺֮ԷҰӰѾ΢΢쵶ԸٶǸħնɱ˹ȥ
ʲôôܹͻҵܣǸħ循޷ŷҰܹͻ
ۼҰ쵶ѾǰǸħʹţ³һ˸ɫâƬ״ӭŷҰ쵶˹ȥ

һǸƬ״ﵱ쵶նΪƬЩƬɢƬķ鳲Ļ뵽쵶֮УǸħſһɫѪ˫˺Ȼ
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ҰЦһڰٴμӿ죬ֱõǵβɨ˸գԼֱǸħǰ
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ˢһ³Ǹ׹ʥһ޵ӰӴӿ˳Χ£ڰ׹ǴΧγһƬɭ޵ĳ񱩵ǸħԴϡ
ɽʥԳټϰ׹ʥϵİʥǸħԴҳӣɫѪҺԽŽùĺӡ
ʱһߣͼҰȻֳСƶӡķ׵硢ɽﶼǻ˹񶦿ٵر˲ͱһСɽСʣµħ帲ȥ
ƶֳˣ뱬ƿ񻷵ķӡҪһƶ֣һħ嵱˳ǱȵβƵļţƺµ顣
ħƺҲ֪ԣɵĶԼǿֶΣԱ
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Ͼĸħǻʵǿߣһȫ״̬µĽڣסǿ֮ĩȫͬ
ֵڣСڵΪҲĵ߰˰ˣһػֱӽ񻷴ԭΡ
ܵǣСҲЩơ
ػģΪԹȡʱ䣬ߣƶֵϢ봫ոǸħһȳͷƶ˹ȥڷתҪʩչԱ
ȺһħҲɢһǰδеĿֲϢҲԱ
סƶĻᣬһħ岻˼һ˹ȥҪ뿪ƶķΧ֮󣬾˲ȥ
Ұ׼һյ·ˣû뵽ħƶ֮󣬻˼ҵķӦڵƶֻǸȱı޷ͬʱסħ壡
ҰǸǸħңңĳһƣžȫƶ׼Աħ붦У֮ӿضħԱ׽ħס
䣡
Ǹһո뿪ƶķΧͼһ乬ɢһɿֲǿ乬˽ȥ
ٽȥһ˲䣬乬ϵ֣Ȼħ


344 սԲ
׹ʥϢ
ڻ鶯ó׹Ǵʱڼǧһɽϣһ¶ϰƤӾ˳Զ̧ͷ˹ȥû뵽֮С
׷ٷҰذգ
˻ȴ˽Ǹ׹ǴĲϲǱģǲçһλʥͼǿߵĹ
λڴ֮ʣΪ츣󱲣ԼȫĹһ𣬻Ǹ׹Ǵ
˶ֶĨĴӡǣʥһеı䣬úԶذվ͸о˰׹ʥϢϢĵص˹ȥ
Ұ֪Σ٣ħյһħ壬ڽĴħһˣﵹ˿
ҲεĹʥ֮Ужħǵ콾˵ϵǿ߶޷Уħ彵٣˶ҲֻԲǿߡ
ĻʥеǻᱻħֲҲڻ޷صʧ
ϾʿɱħҪö࣬ңʥ֮УֲĴڣǱ߾Ǹĸ֣˵ǿ档
Щħļһ̫ˣЩҲŹǣ
Ұƶסħ壬ħסһħ壬иһˣҲҰյƶС
ҰƶרŸ뿪һռ䣬ŵħǸ˵ħ嶼뵽ռ֮С
Ұ鿴ħܣͿٵس嵽СߣóһƿȪСڵ
С͹˹˵ĺ˼ڣڵΪٵػָţ̱ʯĴ۾й⻪ҲԽԽҰļϡ
Ұ΢΢˿ҲջɽʥԳ̬ɽ˿ڷҰһϡ
ħֱû뵽˷Ұ֮Уһû˽ȥ
Ұ쵶ħԱıķɵһɶ쵶ĵӵˡ
Ұѯħй⼸ħ飬ȻԶ˹ȥظӦһǿϢڿٵؿš

Զ飬ذǿڰУ¶ϰƤΧ׹Ǵ󹭣˾뵽Ƶģ͸һɺƴѹ
Բڼ˵ʱ򣬷ҰѾȷ˴ǸԲĸ֡
ذټҰ֮Ǽδİ׹ʥ֮󣬶˵ֱӽ׹Ǵ󹭴Ӽժ
ذɫչң£Ӵ͹֮Ű׹Ǵϻ˹ȥ۳һ֧ӨӨķ
ذյķӦҰѾȷ˾ǲçˣװװذֱֵһģӵġ
Ұɫ΢䣬ʱСȫʧȥսħոѾǸڵļһһΣٴγֶԸԲҲˡ
£ֻʣ·Ұͻ黹ս
ҰоϵħټЩֶΣҲĿԲǿһս
ɫżٶҰܣ̧й쵶һϮİɫնȥƥӣϯ
䣡
ɫܵײ⻪ٵ̺ؾ޴Ҳɢ룬ŷҰճԶ
Ұ治ɫ˫ضŶԷ
ݣ
ȻһƿҰüͷ΢壬ͷҲصźնһưԵ£Ϯһ쾫ɢС
ҰЩ˽⣬ɫǶԷľΪ֮ΣԼֱĸɾΪֹ
ܣͶ㲻ȥ
Ұ˼ƽϣ쵶ն񷣬ӥչƵģٵŶԷ˹ȥ
Էİ׹ǴǸԶ̹Է̫ԶĻԼֻбķݶȡʤϣ
Ұɱڣոոħƴ˰죬һڳ֣÷Ұеŭա
ҰѾ⣬ǼӡǶñ¶ƶǾһҪնɱ
Ʋ¶׵ĵҰ֪ģʵ飬ܴ˳ȥĻ鷳ħ嶼׷ɱġ
ݣݣݣ
ذɫ䣬֮۳İɫҶ˺ѿ޴Ŀռѷ죬Ұ
Ұ쵶ٻ裬Ϯһһԣ˾ϵħ֮ҲڵΪԸЩȻҲǲɵֵ
ݣݣݡ
ż飬ǹƵģһɹǿƳ˳ȥ
ŸХһƵģƬնȫסҰ˻ŷҰϮɱ˹ȥҪ÷ҰӦӲϾ
Ұ䵽һɽϣ˫йâ˸һѱסɽһǧɸɽӲذŽɱľŸ˹ȥ
ϵĻ߹ҰԼҲܹ۳ǧɸɽ۳һɽϵϴӵϰһɽɣ
Բǿ߶սҰɲ˷Ϊ
˵˾ϵħܹӳڵ˵ֱΪڵʵΪô࣬;û࣬ɸϲڵΪǿ󣬻˷ΪĻǾʹˣ
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޴ɽھŵ֮¹Ȼһѷ棬һĺŵӷֳ˳ֻ⻪쳣
Ұ̧쵶Ӷ˼£ľŵ飬ذյߡ
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ͣٵĻᣬҰƲ˵ĳ嵽ذߣٴοĻᡣ
Ұذչϵ׹Ǵ󹭣˫һգһɫǹУâ˺Ѳ񷡣
ͬʱذձӿֳǧޣ̬ͬÿһͷ޵ĿжһʽͬķһƬ޵죬ƻãһƬƵġ
ſķҰذֱӽչ˳ǰǴҰնʮλԸҰ˿Ҵ⡣
ˣ
ҰҲſһľ𣬽ţһһľ۴αȵԶγһƬ޾ã֡
ȻһƬϿȼգһˮڹľºХһɽ
þϵħѾԷӳڵҲһּļ󣬺ƴ޾ˡ
ȸ䡢鲢ûҲõ÷Ұ̺һԵѹѹĶԷеǧ
ذ־ŭɫǹͬһŵƵģٵ趯ţɢһɹʵʵϢҰɱ˹ȥ
ҰȻ壬쵶ųâݺ񷣬յĹâȥذյɫǹײţ񱩵ϯҰ˻ġ
鿸Ű׹ǴɵΧذתƣɫͫй⻪һʱ׼ƹӡ


345 ֮ս
Сӣ㶯طҲֲΪĲ࣡ɣذȣеɫǹ渡ֳһ߲ɫӰǹ㻮ƳգٴδҰ
ﬣ
ҰĻӶ쵶ɫǹնһѤĻ𻨼ķм
ء
ȻɫǹΪһɫצ̫·űĹâÿһƬƬתŴ¶һɫſɭɭڣһҧ˷Ұ쵶ϡ
֮ꣿҰŨü΢ظܵɫܵһŨŨѹȸС
ɫǴ꣬ӦǸɫǹ飬ǱԴӡȥġ
֮꣬ӵеѹͿڵǿˣҧס쵶֮󣬷Ұһʱ֮侹Ȼ޷ѣ
֮ҧס˷Ұ쵶ذɫ˸ֱɿеɫǹ˫֮һڿʽıŷҰɱ˹ǵء
Щж̺һɾĿռ֮·Ƭմƽһ𣬽ҰΧճ׷Ұ˿ߵĻᡣ
͸˿ռ䱾ʣٿմƣԲǿ߲ӵеֶΣ
Ұܹնʮλȥĳɷ֣ذղ²ⷽҰȻֶΣʱҪǿбƵ÷ҰҪþԵΪѹƷҰ
ʱ򣬾㷽Ұ޵е꣬ҲҪһЩʱ䣬˵Щʱ伫̣ڸһԲǿ߶սʱһ˲䶼пܷҰɲʱġ
ͷתҰϵɿ쵶쵶ƾһֱ֮࿹⣬Ұ˫һ̵֦˳ӿһйֱ
Լþϵħ֮󣬸ԲжĲ࣬ʱδ
ء
һиԷһķâӿŽϵմƣǿƵؽҰһ֦նΪ飬һĹ⻪ҲһЩȴȻεҰ籩ŷҰϮɱȥ
ҰҡҡͷڵǶ˾ϵħϸذղһأοԷմơ
ԽԽϣ֮ϣһһأԲ顣
շģΣھԵǰûгɳĻᣡ죬ҾͰɱʥ֮УذҧгݣҷͭɫļתŰɫĹʣӿǧк󷽣ȭͷϹâ˸ŷҰɱ˹
Ұڷ˫ĿâˣЦɱң㻹ʸ񣡡
໣
Ұδ䣬һͷϺˮи˳һоɽƵģȫӡصĺɫ͸űɭˮϵԴ֮쳤Х

ɫĻϺˮǰУ˻Ľǰ˹ȥЩҰϮǧУûҰͱ˿ЩѹմҲɫ߽
ɫǰͷڵذճ˹ȥǹƣֱҪذһ̵һ㡣
ŨˮϵѵˮϵԴ飿ذɫ΢䣬ͭɫļϽѪȭͷϻһͷ­ųǺɫ䡣
ɫаɸߣһСɽƵģ˵ذվԵСö࣬ͺɫĴսսƵġ
ǣذյСڵѪͷӿֳһᴩصĺ⣬Ѫյǵصĳ̶ȣһغ¯һ㡣
ذտǻʵԲ֮ϣһһأĿѹ飬ʱذû˿˱ܣ̤ճɫ䡣
ɫӿҰذĻȥɫˮϵԴתƬնѿϸ΢Ŀռѷ죬ذյȭͷԺһ
䣡
һƴĺ鲣ƵƬƬѿ񱩵Ĵ˴ΪһƬ
һɫӰ࣬Ҳû˸ոʵĸоòʱɢһ㡣
ذյϢҲЩɢңһȭȻ߽ͷɫ䣬ҲһЩˣЩλ
ɫǷҰеһ飬ӡܹӳҲޣڸոյĶԾУذεѹ·硣
ɫҲ÷ҰܵЩǣɫ΢΢ףֽ̧ͷɫٻ˻ݷеϺˮ֮ˡ
Ұһˡ
εĶԺ䣬ҰذյʵҲ˸Ƚֱ۵˽⣬е黹ѹƲסذգǼӡĻȻȵѹסذգ
ңǽӡںϵĻܹӳǿԲǿߣĻҲпܻ䵱
Сӣĵƻ٣ϧңĺ˾͵Ϊֹˣ޹һ񻢳ذհЦ񷣬еǧ޶һ񷣬ٵںΪһ壬ΪһͷͻգĿĹˣ͸һɿ͵ƣʵƲ㶼ɢ˿ȥ
ͷͻոͷɫҲˣŭХһһĵĲϢŷҰ˻ɽǶ
ণ
һ쳹һƴСĻӰӷҰеĻ𺣳˳ӭѹİͻȸ顣
ͻϢһͣǸƴȸϣܵһ־ϵѹһĸо
һһСȫԵȣһ쳣ǿҵӾ
ͻͣһ˲䣬췢һǿ֮ǵصӿ˳ĻצĻȸ顣
ȸ԰ͻһϵѹǰͷȸȴ£ذյĿ£ȸ鷢ǿĹ
䣡
ȸͻצײһ΢ͣƬ̣ȸǹɿֲĸλͽͻצմһ͸һӰ𣬷صҰĻ֮С
ͻⴴذյϢҲ΢΢ЩɢңͻٻصԼߣɫصŷҰصշģһСˣرõΪڴڣл˱Դ飬һ֣ʱգؽΪ󻼣ջضӣƴȫҲҪնɱ
ҰĮɨŶذգǹͷ­΢͸һضڸǲסĿţȻɱҵ˶ˣȫµˣ㣬Ҳ⣡
񻢺壬޵Уذͷͻһû뵽ذڣ͸һӿȵѹһͷƵģŷҰ˹ȥ
޵ãŵȻ𣬿ٻ˸ߴΡɽʥԳеİ׹Ǵųʥذյĺȥ


346 ս
һɽƵģ׹ʥʥƬնѹĺѡ
ܵ׹ʥϢذվŭӣ׹ʥĴʥʱȴڱйԼһ־ŭĸо
ʥƬնסεذյĺףȵذղòʱ˷Ұ˫Ȳջ˸ߣ˹ȥ
ûб֣ɲȥ׹ʥʱѡ˱ܡ
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Ȼһͷ̶ɵߴӷҰкХɢһɺسϵһɽգϵĽɫâӳɻԣƬضӳճһƬɫ硣
飡ϵıԴ飡ذվеľŭʵʣָ߾٣ԾһգƬնǱƵġ
ذĨһȦذյĶƴ޷ٿһմ衣
ڷҰĿ£ߣ˳ذܵմڲһɽƵġ
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ذɫ쳣أٿմ鿹ţմƴΧѹ
ǿޱȣǶڷҲǳ޴󣬷ҰɫҲò԰ֱӽƿռнʣʮǬ󻹵˳һԶĵ뵽˿С
ʱеذգҰɱӿ֣һϮ죬˫ֿٵһӡǣһɺسĵӿ֣˳žС
ܿ죬һƻõİ߸ڷҰ󣬲һΡôɽ͸һɺسѹ
ʱ򣬷Ұϵؽߵӡ˳ɫ԰׵Ľ͸
Ұ˫һԾߴôɽ˳ٵسذա
ˣ
ߵӡںһ𣬱ǿҵܣմյ졣
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ܿ죬߾ɳ̣մƼѹذԶѹذſѪڹ죬
ں֮ذҲ࿹⣬ѹô
ذ¶һĨȻݺݵҧҧ̧һУŭǹ
ҧס쵶֮Ȼɿ쵶ХŴգذУٴλΪǸɫǹǹâ¡
Ű׹ʥŷҰ黯ΣذĸоûбֵĻȷҰӵشƣƿصմƸκβ˷Ұ黯Σ
ɫǹջأĹ⻪࣬Ȼڸ쵶вδռʲôϷ硣
쵶Ĳʹʥ϶֣߰˷Ұ޵е꣬˷Ұı̫ȸ棬ɫǹ֪˶ٱ
֮ܵ쵶е޵е跽ҰԶ˳֮꣬Ҳδ·硣
ɫǹذٻأ쵶ҲصҰߣ߸ڷҰͷϷݺᣬᴩ񷡣
ɫǹ֣ذǹһܵմƣߴ繥ɱ˹ȥ
䣡
޴ĺƬնȥϱһ޴Ѫα쳣á
ܵǣҰ۵ѪϵϢ΢ֽ̧˻û뵽֮Уɫ΢ÿһ
ذմѪд˳ȥϢɢҲɫǹϸǲ˵ѷ죬ʱܱӡ
ذǰ㶢ŷҰͭɫѪ߰ߣҷ縣ǱҲǿ֮ĩ
Сӣҵľϲ̫ˣ۸ĴۣҲҪնɱذŭһеɫǹһɴ𣬴عۣеɫǹС
ѵɫǹ޾貵âȫʢʱڻҪǿö࣬ˢһֶŷҰŭ˹ȥǹϻһԱ
ҪԱ
Ա˭ĵӣŭŴеİ׹ʥ޾ʥһǱɫǹϡ
䣡
ɫǹͿˣһңͱ˿õذĻᶼûС
ڸոֵ߳ʱ򣬻Ͳ岻֣ڵȴˣʱ֣һӽضذԱ
أ
ԺҪӴܣ׹ʥϱһֱӽɫĻ˽ȥڰ׹Ǵ¸ӡ֡
٣ذձѪеĹ⻪ҡҡ׹Ҫάյ״̬Щѡ
ذֽ̧һ˸ƵĵҩУڵΪٵػָţ԰׵ɫҲغ
Ʒ쵤ҰͫȻϳǿŵҩ
쵤ǻļǿ棬Ʒҩķ룬õǿڼ̵ʱڻָΪ
ذڲçӦҲһǿߣӵеԴҲŻ쵤ԶԶҰԤ֮⡣
Сڸոջָһ˿岻֣ħѾһΣ޷ڳ֣ҰԼķҲ߰˳ɣֻʣ»黹ЩսȴҲֲΪϵĲࡣ
˫ǿ֮ĩذսŻ쵤ָΪĻпõȫû
飬壡סƬ̣Ұɫ⻪˸ƶһð˳תλðĹɫʣһֲذճ˹ȥ
ƶӭǣ˲Ϣһɴ󶦣ඥͨ嶼ɴ֮۶ɣɣ
ƶذվĽ˳˫۴͸¶һɲŵɫеԸӡ
ƶ
˵е
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Ѹ˰׹ǴٱãΪһɫţȻû뵽ƶС
ƶųâƬضӳյޱȣ·𳹵׸һ㣬ɫذڳС
Ұ˸ŷҰԹâ˫ֿٵرһֻƴСȸи֣ţٴγһֻСȸеȸһ
ȥҰŭһȸȸӡֶһڵͨ
֣ҰǱƵģɫ͸ڰд˸ģһͷ°գҲһãû뵽Ұڡ
СڶٻָһЩǿһ΢ľŲ磬Ұסҡҡλεڵϡ
ȸӡǷҰƴȫľɢذոܵһֱ
ذջâ˸ëһεѪԲеط˳ΧɫĻ˾Ҳȴ޷
䣡
һ춯صغȸӡصغذϡ
ȸӡһӱ˳ذվĿУѪ꣬
ȸӡ˷ҰȫذյĴָˣĶҲ˿ռ֮УֻʣǱ׹Ǵ׹һԡ
ƶٵرСû뵽Ұ֮УٴθڰУ˷Ұߣϴôˣ
ҰĬƵӡ΢ľǬ߸У飬Ŵ˴ߣ
ӹǬߣذյİ׹Ǵ뵽ƿռ䣬ӶǬƿգ뷽ҰСһʧС
Ǹոʧûãкüǿ߳ڴ˴һĴɽһѿľ޴֣ÿɫ¶һɾ
Բǿｻˣ˾ŨĺȻ
컯컯ѵ𣿱˭ȥ˸̾
һ˿΢ħڣѵǼڤеɻ
ϢӶ񱩣õ˶׷ײ²ⲻѡ


347 ѹ
۷׷׵ʱ򣬷Ұѵ￪⣬һ޴ֱӵ˳ǱһСɽϡ
ҰСһȫǿ֮ĩ˿ʱմҲҪһ㡣
ҰĴһ£ɽ·һɽȣĵȥ
ڻСڵĲ£ҰǸɽУ˸ɿݵɽ˽ȥ
ոɽҰѵɽУȻСһʯͷڷ
ǷҰҵʱ򣬿˵û˿ķҰ뾡ܵı鷳һеԼָ˵
ȵСһｫڷסҰȪ˳̰ĺ˸СһҲһֱͨҰ
Ȫܹ֮ܵתΪһ˵죬Ǵʱ״̬ǿɾҪ﷭ˡ
˵ָĸ죬ҰԵСĽϰߣ鷢ǻָ΢ҰҲðա
ȪһҺ˵ЧѾȪúʡ
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Ұϥãڽʣһ˿վƹת
ƹ񼶹ÿһ죬Ұ͸оڵķࡣ
ʱ󣬷ҰڵΪѾָɣ㻹ԶԶδָܻ۷״̬ҲԱ֮ˡ
ҰֱӺ俪סڵʯͷǴɽУȪƿռŲ˳
ʱŨ糱ˮ˷Ŵ˴ӿ˹˿˿Ƶת
ȪڣƬɽȶɽеĻĲֲﶼۿɼٶţһɽȻʥأ
ı仯л˴ɣ˸׸
УҰԼСھ޵׶ƵģӶܵٵתΪԼΪ޸塣
־һϵҰķѾȫ˻üͨ汦ӨӨӵ財
ηľҰоڵķ;һ˿ұøӵ÷Ұпϲѡ
СҲָ˹ҰҲͽȪ뵽çǼһȻЩ¡
çȻѾΪ˰ǵҲһİҪö࣬öƷ쵤õ÷Ұȫûˡ
ǳս֮УҰҲԼ಻㡣
þϵħ֮Ĺȷķԭķԭľ
һι֮ķ;Щ׽ˡ
Ϊ͵ʱҲ󣬷Ұܹ֧ŵԽڣӰҲԽԽԣķ;ܹ֧ŵľϵħʱҲˡ
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뵽⣬ҰԺеһ뵽ʺԼħӡԼ޸һΣսܹ࣬ٴθĻܹӳǿ
ħӡǻľԣʺķҰúҰһΣʹħӡܹӳʥ似ϧħӡԶԶϲϼӡҰħӡʹõҲ١
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ħӡԼĻⷽҰΪĵѹ÷ҰǳĶ
ҰиͷѾִԴ飬ܹѼȥܹӳضǿ
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ͷһʰҰҪٴθħӡ
ȻҰҲףǽԴ뵽ħӡ֮УǽӡУʲô׵顣
Ұƶ֣ڸħӡкܴĵġ
ʥ֮оħ壬ҰҲûʱ䰲ħӡֻͷѾĵ˸ԺлĻҰȻ᳢Ÿħӡġ
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ŷҰɫϴǲ뵽ħˣ
Ұ˵ͷ̾Ϣһ
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ҰԺħħ⼸ħô
ҰȻҪ⼸ħͷŵǵħԣԶħɻ籾Դ֮ҰҪѯʵǣ顣
֮⣬Ұͷиɻħ˵ԼԼˣħҲ޷ħ壬ħʲô
ħƽ𣺡Сӣ㶯ƶŵħ壬Լħʬ壬Ҵ£Ϳˡ
£ҪôҰĺɡ
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ħȻħֱܹӰħˣѹ֮󣬿תΪˣҾ͸ˣҸ㣬ô˵һ飬ܸ˰ɣ
Ұ˿Һϲ˷ܵɫħ˼ǿԽħתΪԼˣǵж찡
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Ұ࣬ħԣһﻹʮǰģ治֪һ˶ˡ
ѹħˣ治֪ôƳ
ħȴҪ죡
ѹֵħħʱеôңħǱħ֪ĻȻ᲻ϧһд۵Ҫٻġ
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348 
֪ħѹħˣҰĽħ˳δħ嶪ħС
ħģħôֳˣһħ循ֵĴС
ܣŹҰɣһħĲҽС
Ƭ֮ħҲһ㣬˫Ŀ񣬾ǶʧƵġ
ħˣǵ˼άˣħ峹ױΪʬ⣬Ԫʬ⡣
Ȼ󣬷ҰʬҲħУħϵ֮
ħϵδɢħҲܹʬϰᲿ֮
һУħһɫ⻪û뵽˷Ұ֮Уһӡһû
ħʧҰȻоԼЩı仯ƺӦһ֮֮·Ƭϵøˡ
ڤڤ֮УҰоˣԼΧعĸӦࡣ
֮УΪ˿˿Ƶ˿ߣᴩҰȫһܵ͹
˵𣿡ҰϸӦÿһֱ仯Щĸо
ħЦڽ˼ħˣ˱仯Ĳ̫ԣնɱһЩʵǿħ壬ܹ࣬ع˷ݣܹõ
ħδҰҲȻĶ
ÿ϶иͬˣ˴֮Ľд衢͵Ϯɱȵȣõ֮仯նɱҲԵõˣҲħ׵ذħˡ
ħڣټƶе֮ʱգҰ˽᲻κˣ
ħٴ𣺡Ҳ̫⣬ƶҸߣڵҲۺġЩĴˣϵ˴ǱҲ󡣻Щ߾ǿߣֵܹزعҲﵽһּľ磬еҲС˷棬㻹û̫ƣǵĻҪСһЩ
ҰΪȻħ˵ҲὫԼδ֮棬Сκεˡ
ƶԶԶδָħҲưܵĽܹˣҲ޵ĺܡ
ƶ޸Ұżĵġ
ѾȸʥҩʥҩԼʥҩʥҩɫеЩҩҲﵽ߰ǧݣƿռеҩŨˮƶÿ춼޸š
ҩǻؾƶҪģƶĻָԶ׼һ죬᳹׻ָ״̬
ħҪıҰⱦûʲôʱҲͷֻһһˡ
ħĵˣ⼸ħˡħԺи龧ʯڴռ䣬ΪԽǿħ壬龧ʯɵĿռԽ󣬱洢һЩ龧ʯѴ򿪣ȵ㽫⼸ħ嶼ɻ籾Դܴ֮龧ʯ
ԳգҰԾȡ
ͬʱҰҲ˷ܣκһħ޾ǵĻҲ̫
ħϽɣ˵ҪĶ
ҰЩɻѯʵƶԶԶδֱָħ𣿡
ħЦħ壬ƶǷû̫ĹϵֻҪСңЩħ廹ѾҰˣ˼άһͬˣЧҪߵöࡣ
Ұŷ׷ʵĻɵĻ籾Դ֮
ħڵӦÿԽЩħڵĻ籾Դ֮߰˳ɰɡ
߰˳ɰҰƲ졣
ħߵСӱ֪ˣܹ߰˳ɵĻ籾Դ֮ΪǸƷʦԵʡ㲻ʦͬǶƶ㶥ҲֻɡܹɾͲˡ
Ұ࣬̾ϢԶþɫģǸвͨˡ
ɫ趼ϣ˻죡ħ𾪡
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ҰҡҡͷоɫΣȱƶ
ħЦСӾͱ쿪ˣ߰˳ɻ籾Դ֮Ѿˡ
Ұ°ͣĥƷҩѾƵĺϤˣƷҩҲԳˡҳΪƷʦǷԽЩħڵĻ籾Դ֮ȫ
ħȻΪƷʦҲֻ˾ųɵĻ籾Դ֮Ҫȫûܡ
ô˵Ҫ˷ѲٵĻ籾Դ֮ˣҰЩʣ籾Դ֮һ˿һҲǺöʵڲ̫˷ѡ
ħĬƬ̣Ȼһ˵ҵˡʮǰƶλ˴һǧĵרΪħġѧֵĻڽǸƷʦҲԽЩħڵĻ籾Դ֮ȫˡ
ҰԣӿֳһĨϲ֮ɫĴЦһ滳һǧĵҲ
ħƺҰĻסˣãŻʧ٣ƶ벻㻹õ˵һǧﵤƶеϣһǧﶼеϣ˵Ҳ䵽ϣ㱾ҲдϣĿ״ơ
һģҰųᶨĹâ
嶼ΪħʳҰֱҲӦøħѲ˸ϵ
һ콾ջΪħѪʳ붼÷ҰеŭƴһѪҲҪΪһƬأ
Ұֱӽƶ˳һԴ֮תǻתƵģá
ڷҰոսӴƶʱ򣬻˵ƿռڲռƿ񶦸ӣܿƿռеĶ
ҰŽףڲԿĿռ䣬񶦵ռ䡣ƿռ䣬񶦵ڿռ䡣
ҰҪƶǼħ壬ҲƿռеĶκӰ졣
Ұƿռ֮УԲǧСԵ쳣տ
ԶɫεռһƬҩҡҷת޾ҩ㣬Ũˮ
ĿȱȽǣ似ʤԼѻɽ龧ȵȡ׾ϾӳɻԣٿĺھŨ
Щ϶ǷҰģֱԸϵһСͰĿˡ
ȪڣƿռתŴĹ򣬱һЩʥػҪʺС
Ұƶˣƿռеһж֮С
ҰԼ״̬֮΢ֱӽǼħƿռŲƵ֮С
һҰ˫ֲϵһһĵ뵽ƶ棬ƶԶȼ棬Ǽħڡ


349 ħɵ
Ұϵı־ƶеﱾԴϢתͿٷֽǼħ塣
Ұ侲ĴһƶеĻǿȣǼħٸɿһŵĻƶС
һĻҽƶУҰþ˳ƶеĻӵŨˡ
СʱǼħ峹׵ʧȫһ籾Դ֮ƶ֮УתŴϢ
籾Դ̺֮ŴԴֱΪܹǿ˸õ籾ʣ쳣
⼸ħĻ籾Դ֮ǵĻ籾Դ֮ЩħĸУȺھҪöࡣ
⼸λħɻ籾Դ֮Ժ󣬷Ұ΢΢˿볷еĶȻ뵽ʲôй⻪һеٱ䡣
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ĳһ˲䣬Ұ־Ȼ䣬صӡƶϡ
ֻƶЩתĽ״籾Դ֮ٵķֽ⿪ŵҩתŻϢ
Ұɽ˫ӡٱ䣬ڵ¶άĳϣŵҩתٶȴԽԽ죬ҩҲԽԽ⻬
ʱƣŵҩԶһɫĵƣǳɫơɫơɫơɫƣһһƸ˳
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в֪ʱƮһɫƶ䣬һɫϼʣһԵĵϡ
ӿֳһɫȫɴ֮۶ɣƶΪģ˷
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Ʒҩ
ҰħɵħƷ쵤
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ħɵСӻҳԣħпβסľȡ
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Ұ촽Ҳˣһŵҩһλǿˣĵҩ죡
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΢룬ҰֵʦԲ֮ҷõĻǿֱͻƵ磿
ħߵ壬ֱϵԲˣöҩˣҲͻƲ磡
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ħɵҰҲǿﵽƷʦĵز
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뵽ҰֱҪ˻쵤ĵڷҰľɫֲҩǧЩ쵤Ĳ϶ҵõһƾõĲϡ


350 ħɱ
Ȳæƻ쵤СȿǼħ嵽ʲôħѡ
Ұӻҽаǳָ״Сľʯɵĵ⼸ĪǾħеʯ
ոһˣʯƶˡ
ħûĵǵģʯСһģ쿴浽ûҪĶ
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Ұһ뵽һʯ֮Уʱһ޴Ŀռ֮УռǧɴСװһСɽҲ´ˡ
⴦ռ֮Уѻ˲ٵʯɽ׭졢ĵرݾʯһЩĹ似Щ޾ǰµģղصĹȻḻ
ҰֱӽжһԶ㵹˳ɫ⻪һħ˳ֱӽһĥ̴Сĺɫʯ˽ȥ
ħ汦ת͸һɸǿƣϲĵ벻ôһԪϽҵٴλָһЩϽң龧ʯ滹ûı
ħָ൱ڷҰʵǿҰҲǸˣžͽʣµļ龧ʯеĶ˳
ʯʮ𾫡衢ųľħռⱦȻ٣¾㹻һָʵˡħʱһɫϢĵرȥתŴӨӨı⣬͸һɺƴѹ
ҰʣµԴ뵽ƿռ֮Уȴħɱ䡣
֮ħϵĹ⻪ٴȥ͸ѹȴʢˡ
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ħ˷ܵĵں⼸ⱦһո̤ļһҲִȻһһΣǶҲһ
Ұֿ˻˵ħǽܹһΣǿԶԾǿвԼĵֶһš
ħڣҰעٴתƵ쵤档
쵤ڼ̵ʱڻָɵΪսıرҩ
Ұ쵤ϸԺйһ飬ȫĵ뵽֮УԺٴθֳͶ뷢԰׵ߵӰ
վƶǰҩģڻҩģᴿҩҺתϾȣ۳ɵҩƳ֡
һƵģˮû˿ĳͣƶŴУ·˴壬һĿĸо
գŸӨӨĵҩ˽ر䵭ȥ
Ұ˿ڻ쵤˸ֱ۵˽⡣
ҰԺֽ쵤ƹϸһ飬ƵÿϸڶȻأ׼ʼơ

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أᴿ黨ʧܣ
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뵽⼸˷ѵĲϣҰǶɵ΢΢鴤˼£Щɶǧݵҩһ˷ʮ꣬÷ҰҲеЩۡ
Ұ쵤ĬƵӡٵػָž
ʱ󣬷Ұľٴλָ۷״̬Ұ׼ٴƼö쵤á
ϴƻ쵤ɹľ飬Ұ죬ƻ쵤ЧҲ˲٣֮жܹɹΡ
ȵľٴκľʱ򣬷ҰѾٴƳöҩϸտʼƵöܹöƷ쵤
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СڸոյķӦδͻƵ磬СͻҪķҲǸ쳣Ӵ
磬˵һֽ롣磬ѾԿԣԸĻԻΡ
С˵ش󣬲ǿԺͻε⣬һЩսҲҪܹ
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ҰĬƵӡܿͽԼľָ۷״̬ų貵âȻЦħ壬˵ĲƸߣȥѰħ壡̤ĵ̣Ҫ¸̵Ľѵ
ҰСһٵسԶħ𣺡Сӣϸ˵ʥ򲢷֮С
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351 գͥ
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Ұ̤Ǭߴ߰˴ΣԽ߰ľ룬ڿҪﵽ촫λˡ
գǱӲĴм˳޷ټգ
κйصĶصɫʣ˴ǵ޴촫ĵطнԶվѾʼ쳣ȹ
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ΧʼϵسһһϢǿ࣬һЩΪǿޣƼͬһĿĵǰš
ŷҰǰУĸܵԶһϵѹҪնеĻΪֱ
ȵĿĵԼǧʱľҰеЩԲòӿ£żһɽͷ㣬Ŀĵؿš
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ոǹɾ޴촫ʥ򣬲ϢƵһŵһ㣡
Ұ絶Ĵɨδħټĵ΢΢Щɣѵ˵γħ壬ֻбնɱ
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Ұصĵ˵ͷٶ˿ٳ촫ķ˹ȥ
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ħһıӵѪĺԿɽ㱻ʥе֮ѹƣҲҪǿö࣬ҪСĵ
Ұɫ΢ݣؼȻɣܹȫ˵Ϊ
ȴȫͬһıǱӵѪĺԷӳȫ
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ҰɫأħֵҲ̫ģڹЩ㣬Ҫ˶òѹҲᱻġңҪȫղǾҲ޷̫áвȱƶľɫ裬޷ӳȫЩҪɱ㣬Ҳûôס
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Ұ΢΢ͷĿɽϵļɨһ飬ڴ˴Ҳ³һЩ
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Ұ΢΢ͷЩпĵвȫ֣˵ȻҲ֣Ź˶ãͻĲˡ
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Ұͷͥ۰˭Ҳ֪絽жҲһͻ벻ϡ
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ҰҲ˼ΣҲ֣ڵΪֻʦԲ磬Ҳû˻˵ʲô
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һɫʴԶֶ𵴿ɫƣն𿪵Ѻۣư磬Ǹ
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Ұй⻪вʱҲи˽ܷܲɱսħ壬بŴҴҹҫڡ
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˾ԶݣǳɳضҲһµϴڡ
⼸˶壡ħѡ
Ұ˫һĨɫʣȴ޷⼸˵ı壬ӵ衣
ܹε壬ҰԿ϶Ѿ̤㵽磡


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ĵ׶𾪣пڤǹһȻڷҰĹˣֱ߸ǵ˼ά
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Ӻ񷣬εڷҰͱм䣬ݺᣬ·𽫷ҰͱиС
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ܹ˵ػµıУԷҰ˵Ѿ֮ϲˡ
Ҫ뽫ػµıгնɱûпܵ飡
ҰþգЦһ뽫Ӻݺݵؽѵһ٣ڤѵķϣգ֮ˣԺ㣡
ŭڣӶӿһĨѪɫĹʣŷҰһҪնɱڴˣˣҲȲ㣡
ڤֽ̧һ⻪뵽ͷ֮Уӷǧɫâҫأ͸һ˵ѹĵУ˵ˣټȥҲǱʵһӣ

飬һ˺ɫʵĻֺب񷣬ɢ޾ĻϢӲУա
ѵ룬ʱúµӡˡ˭ڷӡδ֮ǰ֣ҳ飡Ҳ΢΢Щ䡣
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ͬڤǹжҵ֮е쳣ıҲֻصһ޺޵Ľڤǹ˻ȥ


357 ſ
ڸոյսУҰֱӶһƵʥѹ·磬ٴθֳһĲʥõж𾪡
ǲȱʥҲκ˶ܹӵеģֵ֮
Ұ̧־ͱһȱʥóһȱʥȻ׼Աӣ˵ˣжеһͷƤ顣
ֱǮ
ƵʥۼֵҲֵϾҰ̧־Աһȱʥû˿ĸоƵģõ˰Ը̾Ǵֱʰ
ԱһȱʥñбǱһЩֱʣ治һ˿õģ
ͱҰӹһĨЦδ׷ҲջǼƵͭƣתصѩܷܷߡ
㻹Ǳδռݵ˿Ϸ磬û뵽㾹Ȼߵزѩܷܷг𾪡
ѩܷܷڷҰǼ˽ˣ֪Ұıһͼܹȡڵĳɾֱͣ붼ġ
ͬʱѩܷܷﻹЩԺΪԼĿԺ
вҲǰµıԼûκεĹϵһ죬һµһ죬̫ãҰѩܷܷ֫мųɱ⡣
ѩܷܷճյŷҰǸٴθԺУǰ･غϡ
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ڤȻԵȴһ۵ȡ
ڤ˵֮󣬲δٶ˵ʲôֽ̧һɫͷ֮ڡ

һƴ쳹ɫӲ糱ˮĳʯƿһǷӡֲϢϯҡػΣ
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СڵĽţҲڱԼĿ顣
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ѩ̴ܷܷ΢ţ̾Ȼƶѹܹߵĵزԭƶ
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ҰƶҲһԾ£ٴλ˽˿ģɵĵӣ·˰ɣ
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Св΢΢ſС죬һ̹ڿ˸תһĨԵ
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ѩҪͻƵ𣿿ҪŬˡīӰһϸ۾΢΢һЩ¶ģһҪŬķܶ
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䣡
ǽ̸ʱƬ綼Ǽѹ˹Ť飬ܺޱߡ


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ԣǰ磬ҲõģҰ˸ɫâһӿ˴˵صʵ
ԣīӰһóһؽױŰɫעһƷ˳ȥ
Ǳո뿪˪ӰַΧͻһѳƬƬ׹䵽ϣһ졣
ⲻҲǻɣīӰ΢΢Ŵͣ˫׵̶ȴδʲôĵط
Ұͫ΢΢üǱȷˡΧĻþҲȫõģǽúʵ֮䣡
ʵ֮䣿īӰ˫ü΢΢£ЩȻĵ֮תʵĹУֶ𣿡
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ħĲ룬ҰǳŻ̬ȵģҲ޷룬ֻùһˡ
ȥɣһ˵ڶ߰ɡҰһȳŶ˹ȥ
һѩܷܷ峺΢΢һ㲨ЩľˣҰǸھ򲻾Ƶģܹϲ
ˣ죡īӰֵ̾ٵŲţ˿Եӷס
Ұǰ˽ѩܷܷɫ΢ȻҸӦǹϢ˴ѾԶˣ˴Ȼ۴ڣҪһ£ʮа˾Żڡ
Ұʱͣѩܷܷٴξһɫ̨ϣŸԵķʲô
ǰʮңѩܷܷ˫ۣ˵һ仰
Ұһ˿ٵѩָܷܷķ˹ȥδĿĵأѩܷܷס˴ңͣסǰˣϢЩѾˣ
Ұ¶һĨȣĵۺ֮仹ܹתҲ̫˰ɣ
ѩܷܷɫ쳣ĳ쳣ĸӣ۵ʵ֮ʱתвпŪҲвС鷳򲻿ɴ⣡
īӰ촽˿Һսͽ뵽ôطǵǱˣ治֪˽뵽ʲôط
˺ԼɣӣĴš
īӰһĵǿ׳Сƨʲô
Ұֹ̧˵ѩܷܷĵݡ
ѩܷܷǸɫ̨ϣٴ˳Ƭ֮󣬾ٴѿڶ֮⣡
Ұһ˿ٵĸϵѩָܷܷķλβǵطı仯Ұֱӽƶ˳ȥ
䣡
ƶӭǣٵǴ󵽰ɴСȻĴ䣬Ƭȫڡ
ͣ
һѤõĹâһԲ͵ıϷžŶɫĲƣ쵽µԶ˹ȥ
ˢ
񻷳˲仯ǧգһӽǱסݡ


360 һշ

˪ӰɢһɰܣȻǼԲͱ棬Ĺ⻪ɢһЩ
ƶĸӿٴ򿪣һӽǼ׷˽ȥǸϣɫϢӿ

ƶбһ죬ɫ⻪ҵĲţҰ붦еǲ׷ڷĳƶ
Ұͷ𣬶Žʲô׷𣬻һշӡ
ոħ˵׷²ȴҰôţʱҲڸо˲׷µİԵ
Ұڵķ񱩵ӿţٵţŲ׷µİԵҰòƶ
Ұüͷ΢壬׷¾ƵģͲѹҲԽ֮ѹסȥĻǷҰķĹ⣬Ҳ޷ѹס׷£
ҰйâƶȵңԻսħ
Ұ仰ƺһħƵģ˻ڣ׷µķ˲ʧˣһӰ
һĻõ˶ĴˣīӰݺݵššԼĴȣ۵죬ûΰСҲ̫аˣסһ仰Ͱƽˣ
ѩܷܷҲ΢΢̴ڣв˾ҲûϵҰȻһ仰õǼ׵Ĳˣ顣
СҲЩסˣĳݣ˵ţϴϴҲ̫ˣһ仰Ͱƽһֱ͸Ƶģ˭ܱȣ
֮ʮʮоšȥһΪͥʱĲµĴ֡ҪȡһҲ֪ײ˺־ƣֻ֪Ǻֽħ޵𣬾ҰòǺУ߶߶ģƵġ
ѩܷܷǣҰԼЩȻЩŵɫ
ãڿĵΪҰ˹ҰСĽƶС֮УлЩŹ֡
ڸոգҰȻ뵽ͥĵɱսħ壬׷µķӦôң֪׷µԼǿűһԵ̬˵Ǿ仰û뵽ȻЧ
Ұ΢׷³У´ϾǽߵժƵģŶϼʣɢϢá
շˣīӰϸ۾Ȼɵɵͷʹţֱȥһ켦
ҰеĲ׷£˿ٴγħ䣬򼴽Ϳ֮̿꣬ؽնħ壬һǬ
ˣ
׷΢΢£ƺ뷽ҰƵģڵͷȻħ죬Ҳԡ
Ұ΢΢˿ڣܹ϶׷±շˡ
ڲ׷ʧʱƬõҲʧȥָɽˮĳ޴޾ĴҲƽ˿
ûֻ̫һԲ¸ɢޱ͵ĹʣƬȴ˿Եû谵һ͸쳣Ĵ
뷽Ұһ׹뵽Ƭ˶ͬʱ˳Ļ̫ʵʵ˲٣һȥǶһֻĸо
ѩܷܷŷҰеĲ׷£˸һֻϲɫǲ׷𣿺Ư
ˣ
׷һһӷҰзֱѩܷܷķϣɫ⻪˸ѩܷܷӵˡ
Ұ΢΢һͷ׷µѩܷܷͣ׷¸㻹䣡ܷܷӵƯˣ׷£͸ɣ
ͳȥīӰ΢΢죬Ĳš
֮УҲڶĴڣҰô˳ȥīӰһֲʵĸо
ѩܷܷӹϲźۣסҰԴ㴽ڷҰһ£ǳЦҵģҾͲˣ
ҰϵǺۣЦЦȻ׷¶ѡ㣬ʲôɲأ
Ұ̣ǽ׷͸ѩܷܷԺҲҵĶȥҲ
׷£ȻǸЩưŮԱߣǾԲ˵ģħЩֻζ
ʲô˼˵ɫ𣿡ҰɫЩˬ
ħЦߺȣСӻԴˣɫģ㻹˵ǸŮӣĺɫͲȥСŮˣֱˣ
ȿȿȡҰԼǺʹĿţɫǾȣޱȡ
ѩܷܷ˲δħ뷽ҰĽҰĪĸɿȣʲô顣
˵֣Ůһڣô𣿡īӰ˫۱أȻԷҰĵɪܲ
Ұһϵ֮ɫȥЦŵҺȻ֪ǸŮӣϢ̫ˣһʱ֮ûס
ŮӣīӰȻ
ǰ֪𣿡ѩܷܷµ¶һ˿ɫȻ֪ǸŮӵ顣
ҰīӰһۣͬʱҡҡͷ
ѩܷܷڴ˵ĳǸŮӵ飬˽⡣
뵽ʮǰֻԻͣһѪƴġ
ʮǰͥգͥѹΪŮ޾ġ
ŮӣͬҲ̤۷壡ң˿˲
ѩܷܷ¶һ˿ǳǳЦݣǱɽѩţĶǡ
ѩܷܷ촽¶һžӨıݣ磬ո˵ħ壬ħֳ𣿡
жһ˿ǣҲһ˿ɱУȻħ壬Ҳ˽⡣
Ұ̾һǰڹʥһط˼ħ壬ȫɱˣֻǲ֪ǲǻħ壬Ҳ֪ħ嵽˶١
ħ֣Ҫˡѩܷܷü΢ƺԡ
ħ壿ʲôħ壿ô¶īӰһͷˮѯʣ֮иȽ˽⣬ħ壬һ֪
ҰԼ֪йħ˵˳ѩܷܷҲ˵һЩѩеĹӡ֤Ƕħ˸ʶ
Ԫ޾ӾͿΪΪʳħ壬죡īӰг𾪣һ˿Ȼħ˽ԽԽħĿ֮
Ұᵽ½ħѹħ壬ѩܷܷжҪȫѹħ壬ǳ֮нգ
磬ղŶԲ׷˵Ҫɱսħ׷ֱӾͲˣѵ˵׷ҲɱϹ𣿡ѩܷܷ峺Ǻ档
ħһЩϵ˽Ĳ٣ҰҲǴħ˵ģͷͥееӣɱսħսѪɺӣ㽫ħˣϧһͥ׷µ֮ǿȻҲѡսħ
ҲҪ⣬սħ壡ѩܷܷг˼
һɱħ壬ҲͦġīӰЦ


361 伫
ħ壬ײжթĵˣħ֣еǷ𷴿ħ嶼ʴ֮ġ
ħвֻҪлЩһ˿Ѫӿ;ԴУ
Ҫħв׶ɱͱҪԼʵٵȻĻһжֻǿ̸
ѩܷܷͷϵĲ׷ҡҷӳ͵ľŲ⣬ɢϢƺôˣһʥŵʣţһ˿׺͵Ϣ
ףԺжһƪطѩܷܷзһ˿ᡣ
Ŷһ챦Ӧ׷һֲ˵Ƭطɣк֮Ұüë΢΢ħ˵Ļڲ׷صƪطһ˿Ȥ
ѩܷܷЩȵ˷ҰһۣǳЦŵ˵ˣһֲһٶȼĲƪط˵һֲʵһ׷µķ֮󣬿ӵ伫٣Ҫ׷²ܹʩչ
Ҫطƥ벻īӰЦ۾ôôڼʡ
ҰЦӵ伫٣ǳ㻹԰ɡ
ѩܷܷ˵ͷ΢ϵľŶƾͿʼ˸һСɵɢһ͵Ĺʣá
Ų׷µı仯ѩܷܷԺֳһԲ£»ԡ
ѩܷܷ̤һ̤¶ȻֳһɫƣͷϵľŶҲͬʱ¶ϼʣѩܷܷеʥ顣
һֻŸո̧ѩܷܷӰͳңԶߣڶ̤һƬɫƶ両ֶѩֱܷܷʧУ֪ܵȥˡ
ҰīӰһۣж𾪣Ĳ
׷ٶ˫ԶԶǵ
ط÷Ұͷȣ뵽ѩܷܷ˵طֻ׷µģҲֻεĽͷ
뵽öطҪ׷´ͷϣҰȻˣǶŮӵ黨ͷΣҪ÷ҰǶҲɰ
Ƭ֮һŲƸߣٵؿţһӾ͵˷Ұߡ
ѩܷܷ¾ŲƽʧԺԲ»ЦϹһĨЦݣȻԲ׷º⡣
׷£죡ܷܷͷϣ¸˸ֱ衣ҰЦ⣬ĵĿ佱š
ѩܷܷвתĺ촽һֻԿžܹȫóٶҶܹʱ򡣶ˣ磬ϵĵʲô챦׷֮һطҲ֪
Ұѩܷܷɲ˽ֱ֣иֳһɫĹӡǣ⻪һ𣬴ӷҰ˳תţͷųһɹλõĹʡ
ħѩܷܷؽħǰ˳˸һ˿ɻȻħû̫ӡ
Сޣڵ챦ҡħ⻪תһϵѩܷܷһ
īӰҲ˸ͻһζ뵽ˡ
ѩܷܷħȵĵ˵Ĺʲôʱģ
Ұʼ磬̯̯֣ҲϼһЩ
飿ٺ٣飬Ҳ鲻һͱϹˡʱѾԶˣҲ˵ˣһǿ֪ħЦδٶ˵ʲôһ̹û뵽Ұڡ
ǽ׷Ƭ»عʵԲ¸͵Ĺ⻪Ƭ綼ӳյ͸
ȥǸļµĻþ֮ɵһӱƵģжŨתŴɣϵ컯ɽˣǳʺС
ΣʧҰͽƶСҲ񻷣ѩܷܷ˺˪Ӱ»ָ˱״
Ͼʱʱ̼̿ܲδȫʱһã˵ҲǸСĸ
ûΣգȫݷڣŴ״̬ʲôΣգҲԵһʱͽӦԵ׼
ĿһۿߣΪ˵ԵʣþӦĻҲֻϡӦţ޷ӦƬ򵽵ж
ѩܷܷźɨһ£ƬУܵĸżԸӦ巶ΧոѾƬıԵһƬ硣ﵽԵԼӡҹƣƬԼ߰﷽ԲҲδӦϢ
߰﷽ԲδӦϢҰظһ䣬ӹһâ˿ͥĺ粢ֻһ磡ڤӦȥС
һ磿īӰ΢оȣҲ߰˷֡
ҰֻҵĲ²⣬²ʵĻڲϣǲ֪Ժ᲻ˡȿʲôмֵĶͥűǲƬ֮УûУǻҪ취ǰ֮ͥС
ӣߵͥ治֪ǿ˶ٸС磬ǵµűֵǣϣôԵõɡ
ƬУЧԣҰһ˸ӦΧһЩܵؽпָ̽УϣЩջ
ﬡ
һ޵ĵԶ˹Ұɫ΢⻹ǽ뵽֮󣬵һˡߣȥ
ѩܷܷīӰҲҪ̵˽״Ȼû飬ڷҰķ˹ȥ
Ƭ̣Ǿĵطһտɽȣɽһ±ϣиʯ͵Ż˰ߣ汦ӨӨȻһǰż
ҰĿȴֱӴʯŻӹ·ڲɱ֮С
˳ŷҰĿȥͼɽѾ˵ĵʮȱȫʬ壬ʮ˿֧š
Ӱڳݺȥÿ˸ѪŽŭ˻Ϳ񱩵ıը˷ȵѪ֮аĺɫħ֯Ե쳣Ĳ
ħ壡ҰŨü΢˳
ħ壬Ϊڣȴڶǿɱĺ޻֮ÿһħӰ˻ٵĵ¡
Ұ˫ĿŭֱʧУľεһӰᣬֳһͷ̫ŽڵĻ棬׺Ǹħ˹ȥ
ٺ٣ζˣǸħ΢΢̧ͷ­¶һϸܵɫƬ͸¶һħ
ڼħһ˲䣬ͳ˰׹Ǵһħȥ
īӰֱʧУСںѩܷܷҲԷ˹ڣҲδ


362 ħ쵰
ҰȭͷΪһͷĽڣֻӲӵצӻգǸħ׺ײһ
飡
һƵ촫ڳħ񱩵ϯ˷ħͷҰͬʱ˺
ǸħһɫЩĵǿЩ𼶱ļһҪǿöˣ٣һվϲǿ࣬Խǿ󣬶ҵ̲ԽǿֱζļȰ
ಡ
ѩƮɣ׾ӨϾɢתűĴɣڰл۳һ޴ѩŻնȥ
ϻϺϵɫƬ˸ÿһƬŸͬĹʣǧƬͬʱ˳ȥ޾ѩײһɢһٵĴ죬ܵѩ
ѩܷܷڷҰߣüһѩӡ֣תʥİɫϣʥࡣ
¡¡
һƴĺһ׹ǴΧӰ֯ǬͼʥӿһħǱӡ
ʥħͬʱ˳Ұй⻪˸ħõΧնŤ뷽Ұ˾롣
ʥͬʱ֣ħɫҲ΢΢¶Щ仯Щɫȴδ¶֮ɫ
ħ幥¹Ӳдʮ˿ٻ۵Ұߣһӵ󺺹ֵлλħͷ̫ŹˣǱ鲼Ƶģմ󲿷˺ΪԼ治֪ǴðģʮѶǱǲɱġ
ʮ˵Ϊ϶ںͳڵӣȷҰһ˵ΪҪߵö࣬ǶܹܵҰϴǹƣзҰ˵ʥֵл
ħ壬ԲбɱΪʳСģҰͣ˿ħ塣
ħ壿˵ж¶һ˿ɻɫ
ף벻֪ǵݡǸлյħ΢΢£ϸܵƬû뵽Ƥ֮£¶һа쿡ӣûʲô
վͿЦ˳ǰһ߸ϵ˵˵ĲǾ߹壬ħ壡Щ飬ֻΪǵĿ
һħҲָ˵òϹһĨɫȻûн˷С
ʲôСڶʥҲû¶˿ɫ
գǷʲôֱɱ˾ǣǻҪûʱǸɺţһħЦһſ³һŨĺɫ⻪ϵһЩʬк
˵ԾҲ̫˰ɣǸյħһ³һǸħаڹ⣬ʣµһЩʬкڡ
𾪵ĿУɫеЩʬкٵڻһѪɫѪ⾫뵽źɫ֮С
ħջԼǵɫ⻪΢΢£źɫ⻪븹Уδ촽ǻζɫ
ģڳˣкü˶˳ϲ𾪡
бһ޴ʯϣŸ廹Ҫİ׹ʥɵĵգԾħ嶼ջ𣿡
ͷ­΢΢𣬻ɫԼŴתȻȻڻ֮УҲΨһʸջ죡ôСӣ𣿡
æ˰֣ȻЦûȻûҺȻ뵽⣬̲סҪһ¡
ϹһĨ߰Цݣܴ󷽰˰֣ҪҵˣʲôԵĻǾ˵ɣ˵һ󷢴ȱ˵һ¡
ƣҰ֪Сûʲôģ϶ĥʲôӣ΢΢¶һ˿Ц⡣
һգգŻգĵһиǳ֪Ǵɵ
ձ˫֣ĵһǳȥˣ㾿˵һ
һԽɫĴ۾鶯ţ汦Ƶģǳĵħģǻ쵰ǵжٸ쵰ߣħȫǻ쵰
˶΢΢£ţҰܵ˶ЦŻ˴Ĵָ޵Сһ˵úãħڻУȻȫǻ쵰ˣ
ƽϲ¶Цݵѩܷܷ¶һ˿ЦݣţþĶǣõƬؾʧɫ
СӣպͻԾҲһ£ͱŭĺ˳Ϻ¶˵Ƥ϶һϸܵƬ̫ɢɭĹâŻ˹ȥ
ɣ
һ˻ĽҰֳһͷɴС̫ŽӰϵëǻȼţϱһֺգһյϢ
䣡
̫ŽڴӷҰ˳ȥ׺ײһ𣬷һĺ˺ѿڵĿռѷ죬ݡ
٣쵰ĶңҰӰڰУϹһĨŪЦ⣬ڷȡ
¡¡
һԣСںͻֽԾսһ𣬴תѷӣʥƵҡػΡ
ʮҴǣҲŻСڣŻԾĹɱ
ħײУǸոидСڶʥԸһħ壬ǹ϶ѡһԸħ塣
ϾʥǰܵѹҲСö࣬˵ӰȫһЩ
ˡ
ѩƮɣƬһƬѩɫУÿһƬѩӨ͸ת·ÿһƬѩжһСƵģ貶ȴɱ⡣
һһ磡
Ϣתѩϰ˻ŻΧɱ˹ȥ
ȫʮǧëиԼһĻ׽иݣӭǧѩһĺһСޡ
ǰ֮Ʊ裬գһ׾ķ칳УɫƬ˸ĺ⣬ѩܷܷһۣЦ٣ƯŮӣǣ϶ˬħֺɷ󷨣ʥӱɷ˵ħѾȲˣ
հҺ˸а⣬Ѿѩܷܷǹĳ档
쵰Ұŭɱ˸ϵħѸڣһɺƴ
Ұ˫ֿٵŷֳޱ߻𺣣һֻƴСȸˢһ³˳
ҰҲֳһֻƴСȸٵس˳ȥǸȸںһɢһɿֲ񱩵˲ڻǰ
ɫ΢䣬趯еǱ칳תۻӳʮǰոѿһڵĿռѷ죬ϳһ買âȸնȥ


363 ˫ħ
䣡
ľ𣬷·ײƵģƬ񷶼ھҵĻζţһ޴ĿռѷԶһɫӰˡ
ǻգ
Ұ˾ϵħ֮󣬱ܹӳʵѾϵڵǿˣٶù˵ȸӡܹӳѾԶԶܹӳ
ﬣ
һʵȻȴÿ˶
ɫ⻪뵵ĺ˪ӰУĵ˪ǻת˹űĴɣȻ˻յǰƬض
˪Ӱ˲䣬վɫ䣬ҰСȻϳ˺˪Ӱ
ź˪ӰķӦſһʾӨİɫСӭǣһʥź˪Ӱ˹ȥ
⾹Ȼһʥ

һһĽײһ𣬷һ죬˵Ժ˺ѿһ޴ޱȵĿռѷ죬þ޷ֺϡ
ɫʥ˪ӰһɣĹ⻪һЩܵǣյҲ¶һ˿ɫѪƬǵϣԵࡣ
һѩܷܷŭѩܷܷڻԶԶ޷ӳ˪ӰȫҲһʥ׳Եֿ˵ģ׾ͽɫʥѹȥ
ѩܷܷΪһ¾Խɫʥ飡
˪Ӱѩˣֱڲž˳ں˪Ӱְѹ£Ҳ޷ոˣɫ쳣ѿ
ѩܷܷ˪üѩӡǰδе峺в˿飬˸ɱ⡣
˵ЩԻõѩܷܷױŭˣֱӽ˪Ӱ˳嫵סƬգƿնĻᡣ
ԶЩȻҲ˻յĴԿٵŤתͷ­Űиı˪ӰȻ˺˳ȻǺ˪Ӱѩѩܷܷ
֮ϣҰѩܷܷѾһսлʣЩ˶ںͳڵļһʱ޷ڷҰ˵òδһʱ֮ҲûϳҰˡ
˪Ӱ˲²ǵݣڣǵıøǿˡ
ͣ
˶֮еʱһ͸ذ״˳иѿһĿռѷ죬ȴδκһ˿ֱӳŻյԺ˹ȥ
īӰˣ
Żձ˪ӰʱīӰץסᣬϢĶŻմ̳˱ɱһû˿ɱɢȴӵųĿ죡
ذײϻյƤʱ򣬻ԺϸܵɫƬܵĵ𣬴ʱҪʥѾˡ
֮ʣһԺȻֳһ沼˵Ѻ۵ĹףϸܵƬϺڹ˸ȫħӿԺȫһ
īӰ΢ֵ¶һ˿ζЦݣذ׵ǰ֮ƶ䣬лһĻȣһӴӻյβ˸˹ȥ
ۣ
ɫƬĸ첲˲˳ȥɫѪҺ񷣬ǳʹƺ
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ջæеĽɫʥɢһɺƴʥâ£ͷ޴ޱȵĺɫײһ
䣡
죬һɿŰĿռ䲨ϯ˷ݻľɽʯ޴䰧һʧӰ١
һոӵˣڵĴϢţϵϢҲЩɢңеǱɫʥҲȫһ֮гش
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ջδӳʱ򣬶߾ʹһʯŭҰֳ쵶쵶ϵÿһƬƬɢҫ۵ɫʣոѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬Ȼյͷ­
ҰƶĲ뵽쵶֮Уʱ쵶ʥײҲ̫ˡ
ػĴ쳣أʱƴȫҲǽеʥ΢΢һЩͬʱͷ­һᡣ
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Ұе쵶ԾĿ˻յһϣֱǶ뵽յļιУȻδܽһն飡
ħ˫ɱҵģȥɣħɫеʥҪŷҰ̹ȥ
ҶܷܷԲѷҲҪ˺㣡Ұڷй⻪ˣɱڡ
ҰڷվƹתţԼֳӰ쵶⻪һһǰĴƣĽ˺ѳ룬ɫѪҺһأ˱ǡ
ħ쳣ǿ㱻ҰΪ룬Ȼûûжųضµĺɫģ°ϡ
յ°һ뵵ѪͬһѪɫĻƵģȼ
ħ׼ħʥ٣˻ź˳г˷
Ѫɫ棬Ұһľĸоħ˽Ⲣ࣬ԣٻһʥ٣㷽ҰʮҲ
ʱ򣬷Ұϵĳ֣̹ӨȻħŭ˳ȥӭǣٵĻһʮɴСľ޴󹬵Żѹ¡
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ħдһϵһ̹յĲĸ첲ԼȼյѪȫʧħ
ħϴɱ֮󣬾һλڵǿߣҲֱܹ˵Ǵڵ˲ħˡ
ҰҲħʥĻһħʥҲ˷ħʹôϾħÿֻܶһΡ
ֻʣǱɫʥħ·ݣҪħҰǱɫʥϣƶ͸ľӡǳĨɾɫʥװ¶С֣»
Ұɨһ۾ͽ»ʥ뵽ƿռ֮У̧ħһħڵĵط˹ȥͬʱٵѩܷܷкܷܷסǸħ壬ǿԽȣ򲻿ǿħ壡
ѩܷܷ֪ԣͷϲ׷ţԺֳһԲ£»һɫƸŵף˲͵һħߡ
ԾֻһѺ۵ĲȱʥСͬʮλѹƵ̧ͷħֵʱڶطƴˣϺѪȪ
ۼԾҪ˵ķ˪Ӱ˲ǰжƵĲͷ­֮С
ѩܷܷź˪ӰԾһı׵ػɢ


364 ʮҹ
ԾҰͷ΢΢˿ִ̧һ⣬Ծѿʬ𣬰ж뵽ħ֮С
ҰҪħϵˣѾҰҲŹϵˡ
ħȡǵ˵Ļǵ˻вɢУҲһֻع鵽ħ֮УҰ鷢
˵ħѾҰĵ׻Щء
ոǸյļһ˪Ӱʱʶľͽгѩܷܷ˵ħ֮еһЩ˽⡣
˪Ӱѩ֮УȻʲôܣ֪ҲֻЩĺ֮еľ˻֪ħǴӺε֪ģ
ħ˵ħ彫е鵱ǵĿѵħɽǣֶͨε֪ģ
һҰħ˽ԽԽеħɲ⡣
δֹۡ
лλĻǾӶˣһʮһŷҰ˵л
ûзҰһˣǺӳħ֣֮ҲҪһħ嵱Ѫʳ̳Ե붼ǲ
Ұ˿һīӰҲи˳īӰĿж˼ɵ޺ӣһڰеĳɱ֣˭ҲԸ
ƬϿһǰµĶҰħ壬ҲڣֱӳǸ˹ȥ
ѩܷܷȻǸڷҰߣīӰҲں󣬻Сٴλص˷Ұ˫ϣڶеĶǿҵȤ
ǾΪģոƿʱħ͵ˣǻδǸ
ǷҰ˸ովǵҲ÷Ұ˽еıȫߣּɵڷҰ˵ֶΣҳŭҰˣֻòԶظš
ҰҲɵǣԼǰҪʲôֵߵĶӹԼһ˵ķۣʣһЩͨıЩˣҲδɡ
ҰȲɽ֮Уͼ汦˸ޱȡ
һűĶѻһԣӵؽ׳׸߼У˺ü׳׵׸߼ɢӨӨ⣬͸һǿѹ
ԶһҩҩƮ㣬ʮ궼ﵽҩļ𣬴һЩǧݵҩвٶѾήҩҩӣгǧꡣ
һһ첢аڷţÿһԱ߶һöӨɢ͵Ĺ
УѻһϣƷҰ˼ȭͷСʥϣǷ
һʯһϵ챮˴ĺۼƿתţһֿĵϣһʱĿ̺ۣȻγɵģ͸Ϣһĸо
ûεƷǸʽıǸر÷Ұе⡣
ЩҰҪǷҪҰЩһԶŲ뵽ƿռ֮С
ڴ󣬷Ұ˽Ĳ࣬ЩȻҲŹֱ˸һѶˣ
ҩҰǺ뽫ҩһѶˣܵ˵Ŀ⣬ҰҡҡͷʮҩǧҩнǧǧҩЩˡ
󣬷Ұһϵ챮ǰ˸һĨĹʣֱ챮򵥣ĺۼΪµģȻɵġ
īӰ϶̵ҰߣĿ챮һۣѯʵʲô
챮һ챦ҿ͸Ұֱԣȴû뿪챮ֺ
ɣܻо͸ʱ򡣡ѩܷܷˮγɱһ㣬һĸо
ѩܷܷڴ˵еѩ壬ڵĸԴ޾ĶأֻҪܹڷҰߣˡ
Ұ˵ͷסƬ챮ȴȵķ֣޷챮ŲƵƿռ֮У
Ұиеһȣڵǽһɽ뵽ƿռ֮УҲ̫û뵽ʱȻһ챮װȥ
ѩܷܷˣ챮򵥣
ѩܷܷźϾֱ֣ʯƵģ챮ϸӦһ峺ӹһ˿죬챮һصڣǴĹԼݻҪ챮Ҫ챮ڵǹͨ
йŹ֣һ似īӰϸ۾¶ȵĹ󣬽ϵ챮档
СĿ˼ۣ̱ʯĴ۾գ˼£ĿתƵطȻԴ˴Ȥ
鿴ÿһԽɫӶѰǷбı
Ұ˫챮ԺеƵӡתԺԽԽҲһɫʡ
ҰԺиֳһɫ˿ߣŴĹ켣ݻţضȻ
УһӵİųҹУ˴ĺۼתĪĵϣɢһ͵İΪҹһĨĹʡ
ţһϷֶ鲼⻪ҫ
һһųҹУһֳʮϵţһŸһŸߣһİƵġ
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ȻһԲһڶ𣬽һϵİ߸ߵڶʮŵϿգ˿˿Ƶ»
¸ʮŹ⻪ҹյ硣
ʮҹ
ҰԺûɵĸֳһ仰˵ڸ߷Ұ似֡
ʧٴλΪɫ˿תţܿʧ
Ұ΢΢˿һƬԼǰ챮֮γһصϵ챮еǹƺû뵽Լڣո԰ᶯĸоҲʧӰˡ
챮˿仯Ұ˿챮еѩܷܷīӰһۣδ챮
Ұ΢һһϵİʮ֮һԲ𣬴´»·𽫷ҰڶϴһƵģ÷Ұһˬˬĸо
ʮҹҰһ˽⣬ó֮󣬿һи״̬жƣȵȣһ⹦Ч似
似⣬Ѿˣ˿״̬⣬ĹЧֻԺĥˡҰʮҹ¶һ˿ϲɫа˼š
Ұո似ͼѩֳܷܷһӨİţһһһİŸ˳һ¸ʮɢ貵ıԡ
ѩܷܷ߱ѩģȻ緽ҰֱӶƶҲ죬ȷҰһ㣬似¶һ˿Цݣǡ
˲ãīӰҲֳͬľǵøո̤ɽ˶ȴҸҰҩеҩд棬ȥҩȥˡ
ΪҰǵһʮҹˣѩܷܷīӰδ챮ϵҰԶ֣챮뵽ƿռ֮С
䣡
Ұո챮챮֮ͷӿһɰ֮е֮ȫֱͬӽҰ
ʯһ磡ѩܷܷѿڶˮ𾪡


365 ʧǿ
ʯ磡
̺ŶʮҹĹʯĺƵģסƬ硣
Ųƿʯ֮󣬺¶һĴ󶴣ԼʮɴСӫ㣬תŴɡ
һȻ֮ͬϯӿԭ֮໥ţĻƬƬѣԿ
ҰǸŶֻȴоǧƵģܽȴһԶҲﲻĴ쳣ء
Դӽ뵽֮ͥ󣬷Ұ˲δӦǼҰо²⣬ͥĺ磬ֻһ磬񣬵֤ʵ
Ұָǹȵ֮¼ǳԵİ׺ۣǳĿ񱩶Եͨ˵ΣգǸ̤ʱҪΣա
īӰ΢ֵ¶һ˿ЦݣȻȻѾ˵ʲôҲҪȥˡǽн磬ƽ磬ͻˣҲصĵط
֮Ǹʯڶ໥գ͸һɻϢ
ҰǴŶй⻪˸һӣߣȥΪ˰ȫСڣǬʥͼ
Сſ³һŲ˴ۼͼӭǣΪһСľ;޴ͼʥ͵Ϣһ̺ƵģڷҰǰ
Ұԥһ̤ȥѩܷܷƮƮߣīӰڷҰһߣСһֱڷҰ˫磬һȫǬͼ
СڿʥͼǴ޴ĹŶзȥҰͻȻͷŴ˵Ѹλһ£ǴлǿҲ̲ŸΣգλΪ֮ɡ
£Ұһ˾ͽ뵽Ǵ޴ĹŶ֮С
ǰһڣţҰ͸оԼһУһϵɽС
ƬȫͬǰһƬޱߵǿաǵĸƮһ鲻ʯ飬޹ĴƯš
ҵĺХţЩʯ˴ײͻᱬɸСʯ߰ģǸƮ
ڼԶ͸ǵļǹ⣬ΪݼŵǿһĨĹԣȴԵô˴
Ұȫɴ˫ۣ˷ţǬʥͼǴһƬ֮У˿Ӧκε˿˿ʥΧĲų⡣
ͷȥҲһƬݼŵҹգ˿ǴӺδģΨڶϺХ
īӰϸ۾¶һ˿ȣĶԵһƬ𣿡
ѩܷܷϵĮ̣촽ĺǿղͬһƬʧǿգͥĽн磬Ӧһƽ硣
ǿգںηҰЩɻ
ѩܷܷ¶һ˿ǳЦˣϸ˵綼һ֡Ѱ˵ָľԾŴΪС硣ǿգЩ֮޾ǿգһƬɫʵĻ硣ħ磬ǴǿոϷġ򡯣ָӹ㷺Ψмĵطʥһ
ҰԵͷǿЩ˽⡣
ħڷҰԺ𣺡˵Ĳħĵط࣬ħ֣Ǵ⼸طֵģĿͨϾǿչޱߣûһ˿̽ȫòҲûޱǿ֮еǸֲӶ񱩵ħ岻ܴԽ޾ǿ򡣡
Ұ΢ѯʵȻĻǰǼͨ˲𣿡
ǲ𣬶޷𣡾飬Ҳ޷֮ԭ֪ҲûãȰʵúáħƽû˿
Ұа𾪣鶼޷岻ˣħ˵ĶԣʵΪһҪ
񣬷ҰٴδΧŵǿա
һƬޱߵǿ棬ûпûдأûкûκεûκεĽֻпݼŵǿգֻиֿ񱩲ӵֻµʯԼԶ޵ǹ⣬ȫûкǿյ貣һɱ
⵽ʲô磿
Ұ֣ԽʥΧȭͷϸӦΧձȹʥҪȶö࣬ȫ֣Ҳ˺ѷ졣
ѩܷܷ΢΢ףĵѩڲܼأǿգʥ͵սǿսֻǿչޱߣʥսսҲмСһ֡
Ұͷ˵ЩʲôȻҲ಻Զ
һУһϳӵĴð˳ͷ϶һӵĻƽӣ˿˿ƵĽɫ⻪ڡ
ҰԴ˻ЩӡǷҰ˴ħоµЩеһǸڵǿߡ
ΧʯƮ޾ĿݰϢʯ֮໥ײͻѳС顣
ǸӴҲ˷Ұˣ¶һĨϲɫңңλѣּˣ֪֪﾿ʲôط
˵ţŷҰ˷˹ҪҰ׽
ʱһСʯǸײ˹ȥ
۳һ貵âӭǿʯնȥ
ﬣ
һ̶ײ貵âֽƵģһӱײ촷ۣûʯ˿ۼ
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ǹ⿪ʼǱɫǹƬƬѣΪһѷʯƮɣٵײӡ
ҰԶ˳
˱Ѿˣ¶һƬҵɫͷƽӿ£˽ȥ

ƽһδ죬ͱǿ޴ʯƬʯΧƮɡ
ǿСʯȥƲصײڴϡ
ӽüһҽУͱǿʯײķѣʯմȾһĨ޵ѪɫƮԶ
ѵʬкƮܿͱʯĥʣ
Ұ˿ոǼԶʯ໥ײһӾͷ飬ΪЩʯֻͨʯͷ顣
ʱףЩʯеôӲ̶ԶԶǵ󣬾ܹ飬һλǿߣײϾ͹ˡ
ڴӵҰǲô⣬ѹǣƬԭΣգӲȰ棬ִҲȡ
ʯͷǾȡ
Ұ¶˼ɫڿ񱩵ǿ֮Уʥ޾£ҲܾʧЩʯһСʯͷһɽѲ֪˶õ£ܹǿ浽ڣʣµĶеľӲ̶ȣ¶ϵʥˣǿΰƶ£󡣴Сĵ㣬ܹЩŹֵʯ
˵ͷѩܷܷգѯʵ˴޷УǸδǰУ
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366 ԩ·խ
ҰһǬʥͼ֮ϣǹ⴫ķٵظ˹ȥ
ǵǰУϵĿССʯײţСʯͷֱӱײɾʯ飬ʯͷҲһЩСʯ飬÷ǳĲƬмĿĵƮɡ
ⲢǿգһƬʧǿգƬʧǿеҲǳĿ£֮УҲֻзҰܹƾסϮ
īӰѩܷܷĻҪڷ޾ϮǶΪ쳣ľ޴
Ұ룬ǿ֮УҲɣ
īӰŲԶʯ̾ЩʯͷҲͨʯͷ޾£Ȼ̺ΰҲһײһλǿߡ
Ұй⻪˸ЩźĵЩʯеΰվͺˣ³ȻӴ󡣡
ǶʶƬǿеЩʯĿ£ܹ˸ʯһƯʯм䴩ԽţԶš
ҰſЩʯҲǲܿƣǶΪģȴľ޴ֻεķǸ뷨
Ұһ·Ϲ۲죬δʲôмֵĶֻңԶǰǹԽԽǹ͵ƬնԵòô谵ˡ
ˢ
һʮɴСľʯٵŷҰײ˹;񱩲ӵǶʯûκӰƵģ棬˿ʯмûбѿ
Ұ֪ЩʯͷĿ֮ǴʯͷȷҰڣСھͿǬͼת˷һ˹ȥ
˸еǣǿʮɴСľʯƵģҲڰб׾ת˸ŷҰٴײ˹
йŹ֣СģҰŨü΢ɨǿʯ
ҲǿʯĲԾʯƵģ׷ǲţٶҲʯҪö࣬Ҫײϣɲ顣
СڿǬʥͼٴת˸򣬱ܿǿʯײ
ʯˣīӰͺȣϸһɱ⣬νС
Ǹɱ֣ԸϢУϸӦ£͸Ӧ˾ʯ޵Ϣ
Ұɫ΢ҲֱǾʯӦڿƣȴδܸӦϢīӰѣҰҲܹȷˡ
ҰԳԹҪƾʯΪļ󣬵òʧ
ǰ˿ƾʯǲĳطƴΪҲҪǶ֡
ʯǺˣҰȳڷϣѪ͸һɰԾơ
ף˷ӡȻܹǵϢǷҰǿ޴ʯϴһϵ΢΢¶һ˿ɫ
ȻѾαعģɣҰȳ⣬еâ˸ڷ
ʯٶ˿渡ֳӰһǰ뷢԰׵ں
겻ǱˣǹԪɽˣ
߶ڵǿߣҲͻƵ磬һϼһǹڲٿǿʯ
ǿʯ̺ľǳ֮ϼһҲǳأٿʯҪɵĶ࣬Ҳûôˡ
Ҫ·Ұˡ
Ϊ˭أԭͷڹ굽ˣһ䳰ȷţԶСצӡ
¶һ˿Циֳһ˺ɫìɢһİԵʥָʹĵҲѿ֮ʥҲʥǵΪȴǸߵ̫ˣ̫ʥҩǬߣʥͼһԷȥ
ڹʥµʱ򣬷ҰڲԿѩܷܷҲ˺˪Ӱ˾ȻҶԷҰ֣֪Ұһ˵ơ
ʥ쳣ıֻһЩ֮Уһ֮
Ұʥһδﵽ磬гȻŵĻᡣ
ǼǸ˺ɫìҰ˵ɫҲû˿仯׳ƵĿ
֣ôϸо׳հǲԴպˣīӰüͷ΢壬ϵıɷ¡
ҰЦǧô˵ǵԴûպⲻͱ𣿡
ɫ࣬ΪԼⷽλﵽڣҲʥڣԷ㲻ϣҲŵƨ
ϧԷɫûκεĻţһһȭ޻ϵĸо
ߵһλ׷ߵǾͶѵµʲôԿ˵ɣ˾ˣ
вҰϣĵʥìֵǮĶһһȫʬ
ո˵Ĳ࣬ȴӵİԵ
շģΪмʥҾ޷㣡֮ϣһһأЩδļһǲ׵ģȻҾͳȫ㣡Цһڵķӿȶ뵽еĺɫʥì֮С
սìɱŭ𣬺ɫì漤һɫǹâǹâΧֳһƬƬľɽХأ콵а𣬺ڷХҰĩ֡
ϻ࣡Ұһһգһ׹Ǵ󹭳УնɱذõǱ󹭡
Ұкչңǳ֮֮Ű׹Ǵϻ˹ȥܿͻ۳һ֧ɫ
յͬʸذյ۳ļʸԶԶͬɢȴĶǡ
£ңɫʸس˳ȥĸ
䣡
дһƴĺʥâͨ죬ǵǹâΪ촷ۡ
׹Ǵ󹭱Ѿ޽ӽʥԶ빥ҰȫԶ빥Ѿʥǵǹâ˿
ǿĹǹҪˣһ˫۾⣬쳣
Ǹٿǳ֮߿ЦطǻлߡϧǬ߸޷ƿգЩԺȫǹԪɽˣ
߿ЦţٿǿʯŷҰײ˹һСɽƵģ;ʯײķ顣
ҪðɣҰȣвͣһһļ˳ȥ
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һһļʸھʯϣһĺʯȵԿʯ䡣
磬һԱһɽʮȴʯһС룬÷ҰھʯļӲ̶˸˽⡣
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Ұд󹭿ϲϣٴʮǾʯѾʮɿ⣬屻Ұ߰˳ɣֻʣС
Ұ׹Ǵ󹭣ɫ䣬ĵ飬ˡ
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ʯϴһƴĺʥʯٵķѣߵĿƣƮԶ
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ﬣ
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ڵǿߣһڵǿߣӵһʥͼɱҰˣøڤ³ҲǾȡ
ԪɽǸİһںһڵǿߣҲ˽ˣʱǲٱQˡ
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īӰѾ̬ҰҲٶԣԶԽԽǹ⣬߰ɣԪɽļһﵢ˲ʱ䣬ȥöҪ˹Ϸֹˡ
ٴվǬͼϣԶĵǹȥ
ƬǿȻֻһƬʧǿգ嫳̶ȻҪϵЩǹ˸ĵطȻô׵顣
ںǿУݼԶ⣬һССʯ޹ɵƮţ֪ջݻɺҲ֪¡
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ףϴ쿴ʲôһԽɫй⻪˸ֱֱһԶա
˳ŻĿȥҰͼһƬ߲ʷ׳ʵɳƮԼΧһƬǺλö
һ޴ʯƮƬɳǰ˫һ𣬾ͼǿ޴ɽʯϢıиƬƬʯԶƮ

Ұ˿Һ𾪣ȻʲôӲʥǿʯЩɳǰ͸Ƶģ
Ʈ޾¶δ٣붼֪ĲƬʧǿչޱߣ֪˶ٱ
ȻΣգȴҲһѵõıء
Ǻɳʥһʥ϶Ҫֵ߰ö࣡ôôࣿѩܷܷǾȣЩŵɫ
˵СڣȫǰҰ˷ܵ촽Сʾ⡣
ǬͼԸٶȳԶҰֱӽƶһӽΧǺɳ뵽ƿռ֮С
ҰֱӽǺɳֳķݣīӰѩܷܷȡһݣСһݣԼҲһݡ
ڻ飬Ǽһıƶⶫûʲô󣬷Ұֱӽųˡ
ǺɳʥҲ飬ԽԼһ
ܷܷѧԨԴǺɳǺҰϹЦݣѩܷܷѯʡ
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ȻǺöҰϹһĨ΢ЦЩ⡣
ȻҰʲôԺѯħϼһЩǺɳҲıǷҪ
ħ𣺡СӣһҲ֪ǰõǺɳ뵽ңҲеġҪ֮֮Ǻɳã˵ȴûʲôá
ҰЦݸʢ٩㲻ҪҾͷˣֲϼֵǣҪǻҡ
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ǵĿΧƴտʼԽԽǰƵģ⻪ȴ쳣ͣһʮֹĸо
ңңԶԽԽƴĳҰжӿֳһĨ𾪵ɫ
ңԶǰſž޴ޱȵǳУÿһǳֱ֮ң˴ɢۼɫ⻪
¹۳һ¹ӣſǳһ𣬽Ƭǿնҫ硣
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369 ֪Ѷ
˵ϼһȻͥô˽⣬£ıںηħô
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Ȼһƴڶ֮Լ죬ݻƴ󣬺ܿ쳹Ƭǿգþò
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һɫƵģųɵ򶼱嫵ɫǣƯŴССĵ죬޾Լռһɵ
ڴССĵ棬ֲŲٹⰻȻĹ¥Ȼޱ⴫ȴ͸һµϢ
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ܾĵģ͸һԵѹ֡
ҰȻ̧ͷһԲ¸߹Ҳ񷣬͵Ĺԣȴܸһֲʵĸо


370 ޺
һ־޴¸̿գ˸ŹɫΣ͵»ˮ䣬ǴֿɼƵģǴһһ㣬һּּԶĴ
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Ѿ뵽ͥĺĲ֣˭Ҳ֪˴ʲôΣգʻд֮ţһж͸¶һӹϢСĵ㣡Ұɨ˷˾衣
˶̧ͷ߿գңԶǿȻΨһԲ¸֮ţһξĸо
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ҰЦʲôҵǲǸ콾ƶϣʥ֮л컯һֵĵط̶ᵮͥҲ˵
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һۣߵϻϴʹɩˣѾϻǶһ𣿡
ѩܷܷɫ΢΢˺죬ߵ˷ҰһۣϷҰ˫ҰԵ˫ۣʱͻͻֱϽͷȥиеһ˿ۡ
С֪ƨīӰһǰȥָϸֳһâϻһǿ͸һεҺ
īӰ˰ɣЩͲԶЩӶԭӣҲ˵ʮȥˣЩ˿ûбҲûֺ
龪ȵŴͣīӰǵ̺ۣһʱ˷૵ܡôܡô
īӰԣҰѩܷܷɫҲҰŲһڣƷƷһֺ裬еԣֺδ
ѩܷܷһһУȫͣ˹ȥʱ֮У˿δĸţ


371 ̨
˴ֵһ˶һëȻĸоеһжͣ˹ȥʱУ˿ûܵϮ
Ұüͷ壬гɻ󣬵԰ܵһԶŲãϢôû˿Ϣ棿
ʱ侲ֹħǲϵͻأ
ʱ侲ֹҰɻظһ䣬жһ˿Ȼ
ѩܷܷй⻪˸˵ʥѾӴʱЩʥ;õʱ侲ֹҲڲ򣬶Ҳ޷ά̫áܹôһƬάʱ侲ֹʮ꣬飬Ҳɣ
ħƽĵһ
Ұ˶ɵѯ˳
ǼһӦ֪ħ쳣ƽ
˵ĿⶼתƵ˻ϣͷɫͫбһ貵Ĺ⻪ȻԭǼ
ҰһڻĺͷϣߵСӣˣ
鲻ͷһһٵĵܹʱ侲ֹģΨھŵ̨
̨Ұͬʱ
˵̨ʱ䱾Դھţͨɢλð֮⣬ʱ侲ֹʵ˲㣡
Ұ˶ŴͣīӰȻʵ˲㣬˵ǫ̃͵ڵõ
ħ𣺡̨Ҳûôƶɱ̨ǰˡ
ҰɫƵĴ»飬ôôôͬôô󰡣
īӰҲб۾Ż飬ߵôûСʲôĵط
ħЦÿһӵܣرǰļĪܡڰ˵ľȫɷӳʮ鶼ҿߵʱպ«ɿʱ٣ǧ꣬ȥһꡣǰЩ죬ģͻ֪ˡ
ҰĳȣȻ죡
ħּҪȫӳҲҪΪʥͲСڵʵܹӳҲ̫ˣǾ˷ѡ
Ұѩܷܷһۣ϶ðһߣħˣһ涼˵ĶǷƵġ
ߵϼһ˵˾ʵϴ˰ɣҲ̫ƣΪ̫ͣȫָȫߺߡ
ҰĿӿֳһ˿ȣȻȻҾͷˣˣ˵̨еôѵʲôزɣ
ħʵʱ侲ֹж󣿡
Ұ΢΢Ĵµ޴ĵǴʱ侲ֹ֮еģΧٴķΧ
˵ҰȻͣ£¶һ˿𾪣ŵĵףԣû˿ĲˣҲûһ˿磡ѵ˵Ǵʱ侲ֹ֮У
ǷҰѩܷܷīӰԼСһж𾪡
ħû´Ļһʱ侲ֹ֮Уƾſǳͬһ¶ʱ侲ֹ֮ˣܹ˴ķΧܹ˾Զʱ䣬̨ȻԼģڻѾܹﵽʱ伫ޣԴ˴ϢŻڹʥ֮С
īӰʹգ۾ľĵѾĻвô𣿽ôʱ䶼ֹҪҾ޻˵ˡ
ħĵ̨ʱ侲ֹ٣Ҳûȱ㡣ʱ侲ֹʱдʱ侲ֹΧڵ˶κ˼룬Ÿ˲ֹ࣬һּˡң̨Իŵ鶯õĻ޷ﵽ˴Χģ˴ƾʧҲ񶯵ֶΡ
˵ħͣ£̨ѾܾûгˣǱͨӡ󰡣
Ұ΢Ȼ뵽ڷħǿħ֮еõľɫ裬ʱҲǴڷӡ֮УƶƳ˷ӡ֮󣬲õþɫģѵ̨Ҳ
ħԣ˵΢΢˿̨ʱ侲ֹʵ˲㣬Ҳһ߿տǣŸ˲࣬ҲԵòôˡ
̨ȻǾҪȡܻõģҰаȻ
īӰȻʲô΢΢ɣЩո˵̨Լ˵ĻѵҲ𣿡
ж΢΢һͻ̨ʮ¶δڴ˵κκۼ񲻻ĻŰɣ
ħͣ£ǻҲţӹħĸӦһ̨֮󣬻ѾľҿļʣûС
񵽵ǻ
ǻŵĻðȻȡͥı˵
ȻˣǾֻһһˣҰһٵѹһмֵĶ뵽ƿռ֮С
īӰһ˵֣ǲҲѰҽһµĵطˣ
Ұ̧ͷͷһ£¶һ˿˼ɫЦûôҵõģץʱѹһЩΪá
ûãҰͽϵĶһ飬ܰȫһ䣬װˡ
Ұ˷ܣкһֳԶĵ˹ȥٵɨŸһмֵĶõһЩ󷨷׭֮ĶҰһԶ
÷ҰеźǣȡЩԵؽױΪûļֵҲߡ
ɨ֮󣬷ҰеЩͷˣЩеĶҲ٣ûʲô߶˵Ķټ˵ʥˡ
ѩܷܷתĵͥӦøѩ嶼࣬һ·ǵϵЩ죬ӦöЩŵڵĵطıͲ
ԾԾԵĵǾרҴĵȥӣͥеıƶڴĵˡ
ҰҲ̰ϵЩСԼٶĿһ˹ȥ
Ǵ˴ܶǬߵĻƷҰֱӾͻᶯǬƿ·ˣǿɱ·Ҫöˡ
ԶбңңȥͼɫľݺȥֻܣȴδЩ̫ˡ
ҰһֱһĴǰտҲѾ˹Ϸֵĸɸɾ


372 
ҰڹȺпٵķţʱһȥĴı󲿷ֻǳںڵģԼһЩͨϣҲδʲôмֵĶ
˵мֵĶǾżܿһ׸߼߰λᡣ
Ұϵ׸߼Ҳв٣һ֮ȻŹҪ߰˸һһ׸߼ǾͲˣȥЩı
Ұ˼ң˼ҲڹѰûãͱһڵľ߸סˡ
Ǽ㣬ܹ쵽˹ʺˣϵĶȫһǺϹЦݣŷҰ˽в
Ұ˶طԼΪǷеʱδ֣֮߿ŷḻľ飬жϳҰ˶ǿߡ
ܹԽ޾ǿգȻűþ̰ͷ
ڵΪԸʦļһǻֵ
ڻСڣ˷ҰĳȻȻľ͸Եˡ
ҰѰѰÿأһϣһˬЦëϵıȫһһµ
ŭЦС㻹湻ģȻ㲻ԸǾͱĺˣɱٶᱦҲһ
ҰڷâȻӦ϶ھҪгҲҪ㣡Լȡ
Ұ˵꣬иֳһŰ׹Ǵ󹭣£񱩵۶ڰ׹Ǵ۳һ֧ɫʸ͸һɺƴ
ùҪˣǾѿڶǵбһ貵ĹâϲŷҰ˹гһ󵶣â£ƾ졣
ͱˣܹҰЦһɿеĹҡ
ݣ
ɫʸ͸񷣬һβͣĳǸߡ
߽¸ֳһƬɽ˿ٵĶһԣЦС׼ͷͲԶˣ
Ұдɫ˳ȥƴоӿ
ڷҰֵʱīӰӰУѩܷܷСһﶼһϷ̬ûд֡
߿ٿҰȻһ˿Ծеĳ󵶺Ȼűնȥ
䣡
һƴĺ϶һɿ񱩵߽ǵɫʸΪ飬ԼҲǹԶ
ߵ˳ǹ˫۷顣
ʱҰʸ·
Ȼּ֪ʸ޷ܣ˫һɫеĳ󵶣ʸȥ
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ȹ̵жʼ˺ѿһϸ΢Ŀռѷ죬ֿٵֺϣߵ˺˺üȫٵŷҰ
Ұɫ䣬дһʸٳͣϼһŭ˹ȥƬնûɫʸ¡
ϼһڽʮʸϣΪĲ٣ڴϢţŷҰն
Ұ˺ֱ׹Ǵ󹭣иֳ쵶һֿԵŶնȥ
ηɽӣ
쵶۳һʵʵĵâȴδ쵶ÿһƬƬӳյĺдǷˣ֮ѿһϸĿռѷ죬Ե쳣
䣡
ײһ𣬷һĺϯ
һսУҰ˿δ·硣
Ұ߾쵶һһϼһնȥϼһκδϢĻᡣ
Ż֮ڷ˿ϼһվУ˫ĿǺȻгңָҰСӣı»ΪĲ޷ֲģңĺ˵ͷˣ
ҰϺȻ¶һ˿Цݣе쵶ֱߵĿڿһƵġ
ֱЩԾȻߴһĮԣңĺ˵ͷˣ
ۣ
һ͸ذ׻գӾߵĲһѪҺٵ
ॣ
еĳս£˫סӣҪ˵Щʲôȴֻܹ³ڴڵѪ
ϳ˾֣˫־ҵĲţһᣬ׹գ׷ּҡ
īӰӰи˳һָŷҰüŪ۵˼֣ʤʵˡ
ϻʲôöָˣҰںİ˰֣˳ֽǱսҲһ
ҰīӰսõһЩҪ˶ԶԶ뿪ȥʵΪھʵǰû˸ԼСЦ
֣ڴϻҵһȤīӰЦ֣һ龧ӨƮҰ
Ұһץסǿ壬ͷȥһš֣һŸ򵥵ġ֣һңѵһļ壿
ûңһļ塣īӰ΢΢ͷ϶˷ҰĲ²⡣
Ұֽ飬ҡͷЦһ֮ѣͬĻɫ
īӰѵ˴εˣһˣСĵû
Ұ˵ͷİɣԻСģһ޾ǣ
Ȼ˵ҰδʹȥȻҸûϡ
ѩܷܷתĵԲͨһµĵطڸúȥδӣ
ҰĴһۣü뿪˵ɡ
Ұһ˳һ˹ȥ
պʹ󺣶ǱɫģǴʯһ㣬Է嵽գǲ񷡣
ٴ̤뵽һ޴ĵ֮󣬷ҰһȻδκջ񣬷ҰŨü΢Ҵ˷ҾãͨһµͨӦòڵϡ
ѩܷܷй⻪ת촽ڵϣѵںУ
īӰЦоųɵǺˮڰ޹⣬̽鲻׵ҪںеĻǿɾ鷳ˡ
Ұ¶˼ɫȻɫ΢¶һ˿Ц⣬ҲȻ˿ҵõ
ѩܷܷӹһ˿ɫ˵󳾣
ҰЦŵͷûڣҪҳͨڣزʲô¶
ѩܷܷ΢΢ףĵҪ̣϶ģֻҪȳ־ˡѾҳͨڣǵȥĻ̫˷ʱˡ
ҰҡҡͷЦô󣬾ҲϢľҵͨڡ߰ɣûеĺǰȥ˵ãǰҵء
һ˿ʧڱĺ


373 Ҳ
ɫĲ񷣬ɫĴ󺣣һߣ֡
һԲ¸˿˿Ƶ»ƬɫȾá
Ұһ˷ں֮䣬ź޾Ĳ󣬶һֲ׺һڵĸо
̵Ϣʧһ㣬治֪󳾵ںηīӰСţʱ󳾰ָ·
ѵõͬīӰһΣűԹǼһﻹܶ㣬뼺Ļܷӳҵõͨһµͨ𣿡
Ұ˵ЩʲôɫȻ£˰ֹ˵̸ۣϸӦʲô
ܿ죬Ұһ򣬳ҸӦһ޵֮Ǳߣ
ҰŸӦķ˹ȥѩܷܷīӰϣж˸һĪɫʡ
ǰвãͼһȻİ꾲վУԷҰ˵ķһ˿޵Ц⣬·ѾȴƵġ
ңңǴϾ˫Ұ˵ͷ΢΢£һ˫Ӿһ˫ۣ֮Կ͸һƵģû˿ʡ
ôڵƵģСֹţɫͫ׳ĶŶ󳾡
λͬδԶӭбǸǺЦƽĳԣƵᣬȴһ崺ĸо
ҰŨü΢΢ηֱ󳾵˫Цִԣڵǣ
ϼתһŨ֮ĵԶֺ
īӰɫƵĺߵô֪ѷǵУҲ鷳ģ
ɫ䣬ӰɱīӰӡ֮пɲǸɵӡԼ޷ߣԵ޹ӵвĴ˽ӣⲻīӰķ񡣡
īӰһδ
Ұеľ֮ɫ˿δĵǣΪ£
ƽĵǶд֮ˣϣǽ档
Ұɫ΢뵽ħ飬ĵˣҲ̧̫˰ɣ
ЦˣĵҵĹЩ⣬ܹÿϵŨ֮ϣҾͷǵ֮Ũ񳬺㣬ҿٲڤ
Եڤܹ֮Ž֮еǰ֮УֱԣҰ֮˿󳾲Ҳ˵ҰҲڵԵ֮еһ
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Цݲƽĵһж޷ǰ壬ǹҲû˿ǰˡ
Ұ΢΢󳾾ȻԿȷ̫ˡ
ã֮ǰˣûīӰˡīӰԹ԰̾Ϣһü
ˣʱɱ仯˵𵱳ǰ֮ˣīֵȼ֮ⴿ嵭˵ĻȴīӰɫɥĸˡ
ֵīҲˣ˲ǰ֮УӦ컯ڡ
īӰɫ΢䣬һδ𻰡
峺ĿѩܷܷϣиֳһĨ֮ɫ΢΢׵ܵõ˪Ӱɳʥӡ
ѩܷܷ΢Ц£쳣ƽδ󳾵ĻӰ쵽
˵ڤŽǰʱѩܷܷδﵽ󳾵ȻδʱҲǼ顣
󳾵ĿתСϣжһ˿ȣҡҡͷϵˣҼκʥ޶ҪǿĪǸ޲ɣȴָֻͬܿд˰ȴ̫ණ
Сڵһ̱ʯĴ۾󳾵ؽУⲻơ
󳾵Ŀڻϣ¶һѵõɻҡͷ̾Ϣ̫Ź֣һһ޵Ĵˣ֪̳еλ֮ʿҿ͸
Ұͳ𾪣ȼ仰ͽԼһ˵ϵ׶ҿȥ˵ƭ˵ġ
Ұ˰֣˫ֱ󳾵˫ۣƽĵᱳǾͲ棡
Цˣǳã΢΢׵ϣûпˣ˵ĻǶħʶˣ
Ȼħ壡
ҰЦǰڹʥУħ彻֣ħҲһЩ⣬ʶĲ̡
Ŷħ彻ˣ˫Ŀ΢΢һ˿Ȥ
ɱ˼ħ壬ʣħʬ塣Ұ˵ţħڵħʬ嶪˳ӳƵġ
󳾵Ŀħʬϣ˫΢΢˫иֳ˼ɫ֮˿ʣǱԴ˹ȥܹһģҲδţԣ˵еħѵǼҲϣ
Ұг𾪣󳾵ĿǿԶƵģûĹŴҲ˽ⲻ٣ƾ˿ƲħԼϣ죡
峺Ŀ£ҰҲ˵κλԡ
Ұ΢΢¶һ˿Цҡͷ̾Ϣһ˫۾Ƕ治֪ϻʲô˫ۣ治ϣԺΪС
ЦЦħȻϣ;ħۣͬպǻвսһ졣
ħļֵȴһͨĶƵᣬûʲôȤƵġ
Ұ˳ֽħʬйâ˸ħ彵Ȼ⡣
һԴϾҰĵΪѣұҪһ¡ܱ֮²ȻĻ޷Ѵ۷塣ϱڶ࣬ɺ쳾ӵǿڶΪǰеļҪȼȫûпܡǳʥҲ΢΢
Ұɫ΢뵽īӰҲ˵ƵĻǲôϣҡͷҵĴͬұҪ飬²ɺ쳾ġ
ҡͷ׷׷ǵĲͬ
Ұ˫󳾣ЦϲҲ𣿾ͲǼĴγ
ҡͷƽĵҪõʲôһʧȥʲôҶ̣ĵҵԪҵĴǿҲվ˥һ죬
Ҳ죡ҰаȻ͸һɲصϯʮء


374 ػ
ҡҡͷȻֻǾǿ
鷭˷ۣߵȻ㲻Ϊۣʲô
ҷΪֻ뿴֮ͥǷ󣬶νıҲû̫ȤȾ쳾ɿա
ҰգЦ⣬ҵĵ쳾֮У̴νĳѣҲһĳѡֻҸ飬ҵĵǰֻڽ£߹ģҵĵ
󳾾ϣͷ޾˭Ҳ˵Դ֪⣬ֿ߳һǰδ߹Ĵ
ѩܷܷתĮĵ±ȨҲ۷壬󣬺̸ѣ
΢΢˼Ƭ̣׵˵ҲԣִڵܳѴ׹쳾ҲɳѺ쳾˶¾͸عˡ
ҰЦδ޿ܣ޷δ԰ڡǻ̸̸ǰһ°ɡ
ɫƽЦһڣʲô뷨
Ұͷµ̧̲ͷߵһԲ£üһõһ㣬һͨһµͨڴ֮УƬ̫ˣ޷֪巽λڡ
ߵ£󳾲ĵлˮ£ǿһжģµͶӰƬһƬˮͨһµͨں֮С
ںηīӰ׷ʡ
ʱݣΪκεطһֱźǱɽС󳾵һƽ
Ұ΢˼£Ҳ˵ǾȥɣһǺеĺģſŴϣҲӦͥеĴľǻᷢʥű
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Ұһ÷Լٵû뵽֮УƬ˻ת˲ʧ
뺣֮󣬷Ұоǽ뵽һõ֮Уڣκڣû˿һּ䲻ʵĸо
Ǳ˲֪ãҰоΧˮѹԽԽѾѱ淽
Ȼǰ¶һ˿͵Ĺ⻪Ұ˶ԸٶǱȥ
ýˣ˶˺׵ڣ϶¶˿˿𾪡
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һƬĺ磡
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Ӵĺ磬Ҫĺˮˮѹ죬治ǰô˴Ĺ̡
ǰ޾ĹȺ˶еһĲ˼飬ѩܷܷ̾ͥĺڣ治ʮǰʢ
īӰ΢΢Ŵ߽ͣ⻹һе⻹а˸ͥĵ̣󣡡
Ұ˿Ӹ£ֱӳŵϵĹȺȥ
飡
ڷҰѾ䵽һԺϿյʱ򣬽¶ȻһɳƵ죬µиֳһĪķģõ÷Ұֹס׹֮ơ
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Ұָڽµãָ£иֳһطģˮԶ
ָٴ̧ʱֵµǼҲʧӰ١
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󳾶ϸ̽£ָ⸡ֳһɫû뵽·ƽĵȷǻɽ󣬶һʥеĸµĻɽ󣬽ĺˮ֮Ϊ֮Դˮݣ𡣡
Ұųһ貵âȭݺݵ·ϡ
䣡
һƶƴһĴӷҰȭͷ·տʼ𣬳ˮ˷˿Լ˽ǧɵӣͿʼţܿٴȫʧ
ҰŨü΢ȵĵĴǵʵǶҲ޷ƿִ󣡡
ղһѾ˰˳ɵȴδܼ˿ǧɾͱжȥִػ֮ǿ
īӰ΢ֵɫ΢ԱȱʥǷƿĴ󣿡
ҰҡҡͷЦòȱʥҲƿ˴ػ󣬻ԣһʥеĸµġʥ٣¶ƿ
ҰĻ϶¶һ˿صɫһñɽȴ޷ߵĸоеǳļ֡
ѩ̧ܷܷͷ¶һİ񾱣򹬵ȺʧԶ΢ȵĵػ󣬸òǽйȺػ˰ɣ
仰õ˸𾪡
ƬȺ޾鲼ײػкصȫֵĻִܣֱ
ܵһ֮·Ĵ֮һϸӦƬ̣Ȼػ󣬵ȷǽеĹȺˡػС󷨻۶ɣЩСǿ˴ศɣݻǰ޴ػ󡣡
ͣ£ּЩС޾κһС󷨳֣ΧͬػƿһС󷨣Ҳܹĳһ޷ҪĻҪƿһС󷨡
ҰʱҲɵִ̾󣬻һѵõػ󣬽֮׽֮Դ⡣ңС󷨻ףγɵػÿ˴˶ֿɽ󷨵ֱרΪػŶ󷨰
ҡҡͷػҶòҲܹƿеһһЩػĵطҪ룬ûɡ
󳾵Ļﻹδ˵꣬ͶȻͣɴ۾·Զ
üŪۣҪǣڴ֮ڣ
ո˵ʱ򣬻ӷҰͷȥܹ谭˵ִ󣬶Ի龹Ȼû˿Ӱ죡ǽµսһ˿ǴԽһˮƵģֱû˽ȥ


375 Ѹɹξ
˶ƿػ󣬶Իû˿Ӱ죬ŴڴеĻ飬˶һַӦĸо

Ұ΢΢£ɫ΢΢˱䣬æ飬Сĵ̺˼գƲã͸Ͻ˻
ʱ򣬷Ұ뵽ǻİΣ飬ǲδ̫ࡣ
һĴܣһ߳ŷҰЦİϴûκϢҲϵĵط࣬ûκλ˵ĺۼƾʧƵġ
ƾʧ𣿡Ұһ΢΢üͷ
治֪񵽵ײʲô֣еľɲԴתˣֲ֪תƵ
ͥľſŴǵĴӪڣһħ֮սͥľӢӵܶѾɱսħˡ
˵ͥĻʣ࣬ҲûκκۼʧˣԶ֡
ػ󷨶Сһûκãк֮ΪҶ͸˫й⻪תϹһ˿ɻȴδ̫Ĳ
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ѸٵĶЦݣˬʵĴЦ飬ѾıɵˣʲôʲôһѶˣ
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֪Ұ룬ƻ÷裬˼ͥһˣĵģò˻ˣ
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ҰΪѩܷܷ££ǰ㷢īӰ˼üëĵǼʣļʣûôģڿߺߡ
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󳾵ǶܿƵ΢΢鴤£ƤȳǽīӰϸֳһ˿Ц⡣
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ڻƴŬ֮£ƿռеıԽԽ࣬似׭󷨣ϣҩӣȵȣѻĸСɽƵģһЩĿ滹Ҫḻ


376 ˮ
󳾶Էˮʹм̵оָ£鲻ϵĳһֵ߰Ĵ󹬵еıﶼӶƿռ֮С
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еıﶼֵҲϲƶļֵ
ңڷҰУδ鵱һǽֵʱ״̬ϲûȥˡ
󳾵Ŀӻõɨ¶һ˿˼ɫҲ֪Ƿʲô
Ұ󳾵ĿⲢδϣ鱾ƶ⿪ǣبδй״Ұɲܹʲô
ƶ֮ʱѾڵ޸ǿʱҰóƿװȪŻ˹ȥ
鹾˹˵ĺ˼ڣԱࡣ
ֵҺȪֱܹӵĲģһƿĹЧܹϵһƷҩЧˣȥͼӰ
Ŀ¶ŻצеȪȶ˵ͷƷŨȪƺȪ֮лĶԶһȪĹЧҪǿĶࡣֵˣȻ󡣡
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ˣ󳾵ļʶҲܲһ۾ϳȪ˲ȪеļĶͲһ˿õġ
󳾵һ˫۾ֱͿԶһУҶۻҪ˼ɵϺûʲôһ˫۾
Цδӻ
ڴ˴еطڻûκεãҰҲѰͨһµͨˣƬй
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󳾵Ҳǲôӣ͸ڷҰһ˵ߣҲͨѾǼһ㡣
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ҰɫƵĶīӰߵӣǲǿҷƣۺˣ
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ҰɲīӰ²ۣȻں֮εţѹź׹еı
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˵ʥϵıЩõԴѹ˹оų֮࣡
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󳾵ЦѾ֪ͨڡȻ㶼ˣǾ߰ɡ
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˵ؿԽ룡ֻǣΪģǳѩܷܷĻ΢΢һ˿ȡ
ȻͨǾȥɣҶСĵҰһ·ǸԺȥ
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ҲӣֱָԺһڹžƽĵ˴һҲһڹž֮УӦֻǲ֪Ƿȡˡ
ҰѩܷܷīӰ˶۵˹žԱߣͷ¿ȥȻķ֣ˮ֮Ψһ´ڣȫԼĵӰʵŹ֡
ˮ΢»ҡΣ޵Ӱνںη
ҰĬƵӡиֳɫ󣬽أˮʧɫӰһӾӨ챮ھУת·򶼽ϵһƵġ
Ұ뵽˶ʮҹʯ͸ǰʯࡣҪȡʯͱҪͨʯڵǹ
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챮мصһ似ʮҹ࣬ȴ֮ǿ
ʥ似֮УҲǷǳˣǿһ


377 Զ
ˮ£ǿ챮ǷҰƶĻҲ֪žһ챮
ѩܷܷīӰδ챮Ұһ챮һ˵ϡ
󳾲֪ʱߣŷҰЦԭƶϡȴδ¶κ쳣ôεסƶϢġ
Ұ𣬸ոǶһƵӡ󳾾Ʋƶϣ÷Ұзǿҵľġ
Ұ뵽Ҳ֪ħϣδʲô˼÷ҰٷһЩ
Ұ¶һ˿Цҡͷ̾Ϣ֣ʲô鶼ķۣƶȷʵϣˣǰȴΣʧܰѵ׳챮ջ󣬾Ϊ̽ҵµѪҲ̫˰ɣ
󳾵Цİɣ˵㲻ģ˵㻰Ѫ㶼챮ȡˣԴѣ㻹˼ÿ
ҰϵʯƲɣô
ɫȻƽĵ似бֻҪʹߣлԵĻÿ˶Դӹűеõ似Сֻ뿴ʲô似ӡ֤Լĵ̰ͼĴбġ
Ұʼ磬δԡ
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Ұһ˲ھӨ͸֮ϣȫĸܵһŨ̫֮īӰ˫Ŀĵô̫̫֮֮˵ֱѰʥأһ죬㶥üµģ
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ӷһ쳹صĺƴ죬ӿɫܣȳһ겻¹ȥ
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ʱҲ˹㺮칬ǧɿ⣬ڤͷתϿռֻתеڤǹͷָ벻ͣ
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ҶԼԨȻǴ˵ĴˣϿûвʱҲֻԶԶš
Ұѩܷܷˣվ󳾵ԶңңŹ㺮칬ԼΧ콾Ⱥѩܷܷδٶú˪ӰҪȹ۲ô˴֮پ
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ң㺮칬㺮칬޹ʱѾΪޣѹػҪõűұֲУ
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ԣͱԼڤ˶˵Χˡ
ҶԨˣȻûдŲҲʥȻҲߵ
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Ԩͷֳһƿ·Ƶģɣʥݡ
жǱʥǹתƶǧ͸һɺƴѹеĻս
׾ͷֳɵĹʣ׹

һһԻӳһŮͷ˵ľЩ㱣رгֵʥӡ
ﱳɱҹңΧҹɫī裬ȵȡ
һЩҰʶǿߣҲչֶΣ׼ƿ˵صǹѹ


379 ׹
ְɣڤһͷӺѣǧӰɫϴܳųǰĹ㺮칬
䣡
ɫǹâͨ죬нڤǹ˳ȥ˵ȹ쳣˺ѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬һ㺮칬ɭ
͡
ֱһ貵ľɫ񻪣жĻƲ񷣬ȻƥŹ㺮칬նȥ
󳾵Цͷһ̵ָǸָϼһȴӦõ֮»ȥֱϮ㺮칬
ѩܷܷüļһĺâ;һɫ˪ƣն㺮칬
ҰϹŵЦݣһգǱɫʥìУһɫâʥìкХʥ
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ʱֵĻ˶Լֵġ
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Ĵȳ֣Ҳŷ˹ҶеĻƽꪵһǹͶ˳ȥ̫ʥ죬еʥն׾ͷХ񷣬Ůʥӡ
ҹңīԼһЩֵ֪ǿ߶˹Ⱥڹ㺮칬ѹ档
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˵ͷЩëëĸоǾϴ͸һɹգʱ°ɫʧһʱ֮䣬˶ֹǰˡ
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ﶼɲδƿķԶʧˣﶼûˡ
񻹻ţκ˳ȥڷɶ˻𣬾вҲһܹػסǣǼ˵ĴҲ
һӵʱ䣬㺮칬Ĳδκһ˿仯΢һЩи뷢԰׵߳ʧʮˣµѹҲ;ƿݵĵزǸոӦѾƳǹѹ
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ѵ˵񣬲δȥ𣿡ϸȴһɽѹļ䡣
ң㺮칬ȫϢһּĵתƽĵӦȥˣϾһ飬ȻϵҲ㺮칬֮У㺮칬մȾԣӦѾһ˿ǣεػأ˴
ڤ˫âĵǾֺ俪ѹҾͲˣĴټϼʮʥЭȻκβһȥ飿
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ħĻ÷ҰЩɻ󣬲֪˵ľʲô£ħҲ޷ȷʲô£ҰаԾ
Ұɵע뵽еսì֮УħѣҰʶȡĳɣսìֻʣһɵ
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°ɫ⻪ҫ̳ɵĹ㺮칬͸Ĳ龰ҲС
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׹⣡Ǽ׹⣡Ҷ棬ڤҲк˳й⻪ˣ쳣
СԨ˱Щ󲻶Ҷڤͬʱϳǵ׹϶ӿֳһֳҵɫ޲ھͰǵ׹С
ħ΢ĵףԭ㺮лвļ׹⣬㺮лָ۷һ̣ǰµļ׹ѵһս֮ǰĺ֣
׹⣬ʲôҰɻ˳
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ҰΪ⣬г˻ȣĵһжһԸĲ룬׹ȻôƴһĻǴģ
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׹⣡ڱصã¹𣬾øλˣڤЦɫţһֲ˷еĿš
ˣ˿õĵڤѴԲӣڼ׹⣬ĳҲȤڤѻȥȡ¹ɣǲ¹Ե
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ڴսһʱԶת죬ɫâӳŲļɢһɺƴתն¹һ׳ڵ֦նȥ͸һɼϢ

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һڴϸľ޴֦ɳɢŹ𻨵㣬Զ˼ĻҪö࣡
¹һ겻ֵ֮ԹʥҲƳ߽׵ҩʦıκһмߵļ۸һ¹֦˷
ַһɾɫ⣬һز¹֦ڣ˺գŲڵλ÷ȥ

죬˶һѪȣ궼Щȵӣɫ԰ס
ڤ˫âˣ뱳ĴһȫӵӻΪɴС𵴳Ӳǧĳƾ죬ͷ֡
ڤˣײὫ¶ģŭӣȫż֣ӵ֣
ڤӿֳһս⣬ͱ˵ĵ̫Լˣ˴ѹײҲ̫⣡ȡöֵ̫ˣֵȫӵĸˣ
ö͸ôҷЦеڤǹһɱ֣Ƶļ޴ߡ
ݺݵҧҧ˸һ׺ݵɫХǻ浱Ҽ۸ģҪײǾһײ˭ȰΪĸɾ
ڵΪײҲ޷κ٣ȴʹΪٵġ
ٽȥܹܿһ˸ɣ
ļһȫ߶֣ӿһɹɼİƣ׺ǰڤǹײ˹ȥ
ɫ䣬ոֻвһ²û뵽ȻҸһײ
ʱܣȻˣӿֳһɷ񣬴ȵɱ
ļλǿҲΪҪǮƵĹ뵽ڤǹ֮Уܵӭ˼֡
䣡
һĺ˶е˫һʧϣȹ쳣ն˺ѿһɲľ޴ѷ죬ӿȣܵ˶˳ȥǲ¹ҵҡβѡ
֮󣬾ӳޣҲһԿĸоʶˡ
ײƷ˳ȥ˫ҵĴϢֹɫ԰ףһһŵĵҩǵƵıǶУȻڸոյĴײжļ
ңңŨĵⶼܹбŽ˭Ҳ˭
εĴײµһز¹ֱӴӼֵ˳ƮС
СڣҰ˷ܵĴΪһصĲ¹֦¶Ҳֵˣ
Сſڣ³񻷣ħȻ𣺡ĸоһ˿ѰдҪˣŵƣڹؼʱõϣ
ħҰǺεģϵĵСڣģ
Сٴαͣеһ̹ʧӰ١
󳾵ɫҲѵõıͷת峺֮תǰδеľ
һصĲ¹֦׹񷣬ڤϲȫӣҪջء
䣡
Ȼһתıɢһɺ嫲ãӿϣ繲
ʮ֮࣬˸ǧʣӨӨλã·һƬ磡
ʮ㱦Ӹٵĳ嵽һز¹֦ǰֱӽ֮𣬿ٵĴգ뵽һʵİС
Ұɨ˿ʵİһ壬һ֣÷ҰЩϤ
һ˼ҰһҵˣҲ壬һģһ
ңʲôʱвˣīӰ˳Űŵʮ㱦о
ħϵ𣺡ʮħĵ֮һ˲ʲôҵˣħ


384 ħ
ʮӵ¶һؾ޴Ĳ¹ҵһУ˳ˡ
ڤѪˣЯµӸߵ־磬֪ͥһ·ϣͽѹƣƺͷŭ
СӣǺˣڤͱ˵ŭһҪɱ˵ĳ嶯һоķչѾա
ңôв֣Զ˿Ǹƣ˳
壬ô㣿ϳǸг˲š
Ǹʵİ겢δ˵ϳ˰⣬һָ߸ϵ̬бˣڿһȺƵġ
ô¶˵ӾӣΪθ˵ĸоȴȫͬһİƵģոտڵɫɲ
һ˫ϾԶǰ꣬̾˿Ǹħ塣
ʲôܰɣһĴˣʶ˺üˣôʲôħ壿ոտš
еתƽĵħԻӣ˲ԭǸħԭ壬Ѿʱˡ
󳾴Գڣ˶еһͷƤ飬֮У֪йħ飬ֱӽһ˳ܻû˵ӣĵ׶һֶδ֪Ŀ־塣
ǸһۣϹһ˿߰ЦݣĵڵĴˣȻЩ£ǸѾҳˣħĻħ
껰£ӿһڵħƬ̣ͱһ꣬·˺ɫģ͸һаϢ
¶󳾡ڤСѩܷܷȫɫ΢䡣
ǣҶ졢Ԩǡ񡢻˵ɫҲ࣬ȻħҲ˽⡣
Ƕħûκ˽ˣħԣҲеľ徹Ȼˡ
Ϊʳ붼˾㤡
󳾵˫׵̶ˮ̾˿˵ĵ飬մȾ̫Ѫȣڴ档
ħʲôЦЦ飿һ飡ǣô˵ûѼҲһ飿಻ǳԵûκθ
˵ħĿתƵڤϣ壬Ҳѭǿʳķ򣿡
ħһЦǶħ˵뼦Ѽ죬α˵ôûʣ
˵Ϣ΢΢һͣħĻԷǽѼ򵱳˹ʳħͬеĸ鵱˼Ѽǵʳ
ףǿʳȻɡ
Ψʵϣ
ɫƽĵħ嵽Ǳ˶ħ壬һгɡ
ħЦҪʰǣһӣȻҪҵĻ飬ǾԸħĶǣɣ
ħԱϣϸֳһϸܵɫƬԵÿа죬ɢɵĻ˷˿ȥ
ŲƵĵһһðһĺɫħһ޵Ц˻˺վ˻ħ
˵ʮˣ
˶ɵõһ̣˶ЩͷƤ飬һһħվһŵĸо
е˼ʮʦֵܣеദĻˮգȴ϶ħǶеľ
ʣЩħЩˣȫѾˣڲ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ѿ뵽ЩħĶУȥˡ
ħ壬ûǿܹûκģ޿ײ룬ʤ
Ұ΢ΪħֻǴģȫ֣ʱŽ˹ħ岢Ǿ򣬶Ϣ͸治֪жٵطѾħ͸ǽڹʥ֮У
˶е𺳲ѵʱǻħҲ΢΢¡
֣Լ֮Уʮδ׶༪ˡ
Щħ屩¶ԼɱɱҰնɱǼùеļλħ壬ƻħ屻˸նɱˡ
ڤ̤ǰһͷӺѣ𵴿һ޴Ӳĵħ壬ǰôţڤ߽⣡ԷӳǼѸ㻹ܹѹǵĴ𣿡
ħ߸߰ͷ­ȻͬΪ׵Ҳиֵ֮ģҵʮһλϴּɣ˫Ѿ˽ɵеĻԸЩҰҲ̫ѵ顣в֣ոѾô࣬ҿǻʲôʸ
˵ɫ΢΢ħ˵ûոڤͱӲƴһǣҲ˲Ϊ
˳һ֣ҪѹסħҲô׵顣
˫йâˣֽ̧һŵҩ뵽˿УٻָԼΪĵħҲ̫߿ԼˣܹΪĴˣ˭ûЩƺֶΣҪֿסǵĺɱҿǳ˵Σûһ˿ܣ
̷ҩҲУħЦһóһ͸İƿһŵҩɢӨӨ⣬沼˵صƣϸȥߵ֮࣡
һƷҩ
̫廪Ұѿڶϳŵҩ
̫廪ܹԼʿڵİˣЧȻЩߣҲǸʵƷҩû뵽ȴħС
뵽ħĳƺţҰĵһ󷢺
ħ˵ǰһһĸħ
ʥвϵʿ룬ôģ
̫廪ʱ򣬷ҰڻħЩ²⡣
ħӦǱԴӲĴ䵽磬ΪűԸ˷һƷҩ̫廪ٴλָ磬ռݾԵȨ


385 ǻ
ħǸӡľ
ħó̫廪ʱ򣬲˶Ѿʶһ㣬ɫ쳣ѿ
ڤͱѾòΣҲùҲĲ١
Էȴ̶ʱ۷״̬һǸǿߣܹӳԶܹӳܸǿ
Ҫǣֻ֪ħǸħľ֪ʲôȼľ
һڵļһĴ֣ûʲô⡣ǸԲļһǾ͸ûʲôˡ
ħȡһصĲ¹֦ڤ˵ɫǳѿȴ˿ħҪ
֮УΨʵϣħΪɲ⣬ټһ׵ıڣǼ˵ĴҲûܹѹס͸˵ſҪˡ
ħֽ̧еʮ߿գıǧʣʮħһڣѹ嫡
ħЦһڽǿ̫廪븹УһħһƬƬɫƬ»·ĺâβް趯һɰѹ纣˰һһϯ˷
ħڴӰ죬Ϊ˲ͻ˾ĴأȻڽڽͷĹʸӵѤãħϡ
ֹǶ군ڤһĴһ쳤Х뵽ڲɢһɴ۵ɫ⣬ǧ޹Ӱ˸ֱײʮ
ħɫ䣬վʮĸħͬʱˣԴڼһڵħ⣬û뵽ͷʮС
ಣ
һĿĻϳ;վԱ飬һͨŭ˹ȥ

һƴиǿþ޴ľײƵģ𵴳һȦһȦѷ죬Զֺֿϡ
ӵǰ֮˲䱻סɫâӡһͼ֮񷣬ȴ޷ǰһ
ʮħ֮УΪ͵ҲǴ磬ʮһ֣ϵϼʱˣδı壬Ҳεסӵĳƣʹ֮޷ǰһ
ͣ
ֺڤǹͬʱˣ˺ѿռѷ죬ֱնʮ
µʮħƴȫĽһɹħ뵽ͷ֮УųâһħаȻײ档
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һɹɺƴϯ񷣬ѹ˶ĵ׷ûɵĲһ޷ĸо
ִ̧һصû뵽֮Уһһ㣬͸һɺƴ޾ѹָϼһɫŹ⣬ֱϮ
䣡
ϱһ貵ĹâǵɫŹײһ𣬷һôĺ
𾪵ǣʮħӳĹâȻδõðɫŹֱͣ٣ɫŹȵýˣһֱ˵ǰʱ򣬲ſͣס
󳾵΢Щȴɲס
ס⼸ĹħҲɱ䣬׻ָ۷״̬͸һħһɽһѹͷ
ɲ⣡
ħתһֻ⻪縲ĳûκ̽ľţ뺣һ㣬ʧӰ١
޷̽Ϊ
ħӦϸƬ¶һ˿ЦݣԵаɭ
ԲãڻָˣħЦħһոӳĸħſ
Բ˶ео𣬾ԲѾҪʥ͵ľˣӻ־ǻҷ
֮ϣһһأһԲħټʮħһԺɨȫ
ԲʿܹӳѹԶԶʦʿӳѹԱġ
ħѪ촽ĿһһɨЦܾûгѪˣȦôãҲɱˡ
Աϣħ̧һӣԼһƬɫСͷϵĵһɳŲԶһȺѹ䡣
ǴȺУ֮߰࣬һʿΪԲ֮ͷ϶һɫƿʥ
ħ׵ĶԼ֣߰˶ɫ䣬ƴȫĽΪע뵽ͷɫƿ֮УɫƿһɫƵһʥзɳƬС硣
Ƶ׵رǹɫǸɫƿѹİѣ⻪ܿû뵽ʿڡ
ʧȥʥػһƬɫСٵؽȺ˶ڣŻħڵķ˹ȥ
ħſ³һħ⣬߰˸ʿסǼ˵һҽУ߰˸ٵػΪһžѪǸɫƿħг
ħǸɫƿһڽЩѪ븹У¶һ˿ЦݣƷͷ׵ţǳѪ⣬Ȼ
߰˸ǿߣлһԲʿˣ
ĵ׶󷢺Ǿ콾ħпţ죬ǵĿ
˶ŭԣ׷ŭŻħȴ˸ǰۡ
ħͷĿĴɨѪĵʮ׾١ʶģʵʵҴ㺮칬Ҳھͳǣ
վڷҰͷһбŻħĵֳ˾ʲôõɪģ
ħˢһ¶ڻϣ˿ѩܷܷͷǱ˪Ӱֿ˿ͷṆ̀ŷҰвСӣܺĳٸҷϻҾȳ㣡
ҰŨü΢һɰգԵ쵶Уĵ˵ûΪеֳ˾ˣһ죬һһͷϵ
Ҿȳ㣡ħЦһͷӱڶзɳһƬ磬ŷҰ˹ȥ
ҰеǱһͷԶһɲص޵ӿƶ뵽쵶֮УȻһնȥ
ͣ
ҰնƬϣնһƬƵģǹѹѹķҰ˫۶죬һ
쵶ƶƶԶԶδָҲޣҪ࿹⣬ȻвҰҲֲ̫õʱ䡣
ҰֿסɱһĻҲ˶дȣ˿ԵֿסѹҪ֪ǿһԲǿ
ʱѩܷܷǱ˪ӰͷҲһعâҳ˰׹ǴС³ǬͼīӰֱӼǱ͸ذס
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һ޴ĺ񱩵Űǹȥ


386 Ⱥսħ
ԲĻħһҰӲĿסˣ˶еľͬʱҲЩȡ
ոջħʳ߰˸ʿһĻ̫ˣþ˶һĸоڷҰ˵ֿס˻ħĹɱ˿ϣڡ
ħ壬ǲɿ⣡
ħ¶һ˿ɫķչЩԤϣѪĿϣĵ֮϶Ҳ˼ĴۣҲҵ飬СҽԶ
ڸոյĶսУ󳾵ֿס˴󲿷ֵĹƣҲǻħֱ󳾵ԭ
һλıѪͬУܹӳҲ쳣ľ޴
ͬУ֮ܵ谭һҲҪ
ѩܷܷȻ˪ӰܹӳҲޣ뷽ҰһҲסһСֵѹ󲿷ֹˡ
ҪõӳڲҪȵΪ߲УǾ磬ʥ;磬ԼҲ
ħĺȳ⣬΢΢׵Ϲһ˿񵭵ЦݣƽĵԪٲڵʹǶԿħ壬ħ岻󳾲ƾ㣬ɱҡ
ħ󳾣׹˸һֿٵûȥһ˿ɵһδ󳾳֡
ڵĹ̫⣬봫˵ейأõûħڵĴҲĻɵ
󳾻ħǸԲǿߣҲûаտԻɱ󳾡
ʱȰͷ­ĴͷϣԺԻȥȡħһݻתˣĵ˶ˣھ͸ȫ㺮칬˭ǸҲȽԵ
ڤͷӣɫ΢΢Щ԰ףȻ粽õĵûڤͷͷ­ڴˣҪĻܷ㻹һѪڤҲսף̰֮ͥ
ħڤһ̧Ƭ֣ϿյһһƬŻϢСϳѹڤ
󳾵Ĺ̫⣬ûʲôģħŲԸ֮ƴڤڵΪ߰˳ɣʱҲͷħû̫ļɵѵļһɱӺͶڤˡ

ӷһƴĺâ죬ɢһɲ಻Ϣƴ徶ֱײϮƬС磬һĺ
٣ӵƷʮ࣬У޷ӳ̫ҪҶԶҿֶܼãħЦʮħ۵еħٴ𵴳С磬һϵѹȥ
ۣ
ڤĴͬʱѪҲǼСǿѹصǵͷ⻪ܹػסǡ
ͣ
ּһɼϢٵػƲ񷣬Żħŭն˹ȥ
ħһͷٴηɳʵС磬ס˼ֵĹҲɫҰס
мڤͲ³¶һ˿ԥɫҲҧڤǹϷɳСײѪֹ
֮ϣһһأԲǿ߶ѾҪӴʥ͵ˣӳԶԶǿԱġ
ֵ֪Ļٻˣ£ӵĶˣֵĻͳûˣ£ҲֻӲͷƤˡ
ϲȾףٴͷϴһָ̻֮ϷһɺƴĹϢתɱħ
ħɫ΢䣬С磬֮ƣϮĹӭȥ󳾵Ĺ漰֮ǻħҲ
֮Уɵģڴˡ
ҿܻ磡飬СڣϣҰһóŰ׹Ǵ󹭣£żʾŹλħ
ҰħƲΨȫ֣лܹӳ죬ۼڶ콾ΧħҰԥĸųˡ
ӷҰͷְֳ׹ʥΧŸ޵ӰݺݵŻħȥ
С趯Ǭͼ򷭹ʥŻħϯȥ
Ұ֣ѩܷܷҲٴμǱ˪Ӱϵ˪ƿٵӣն˵ѺֱۣϮħ
СǶˣүҲҴˣڽ𻨣īӰЦһֳܸһƬɱڵ󣬴зɳһĺڹ⡣
һ䲼ĺɫǲˮתŴɣ͸һ˵ķ
ڽ𻨣Զ˾˳
һֽϵ컯飬ǽϵġľ֦ҶٻеĻŰ꣬ǧÿһƬ궼
ʮÿһ㶼һڣÿһһС磡٣Ҷ޾壡ħһһСֿס˷ҰСһĹֻһСס˺˪ӰĹŻһСסڽ𻨡
ԶЦˣĵҲֻʮС磬Ѻķѽ룬ҿסˣ
ﻰδ䣬ͼ˳ȥϣǧתϯء
ħôٵǣϽޣȥһϽ޼˳ȥһգƥ
Ҷ裬צԶĻħĵе콾ֻҶħʲôȥ
õǽǸ컯飬֮УŻħɱ˹ȥ
ţȵԨ̫ɽ졢׾졢򻨹ȵīơ¥ҹңԼʣµĲ֪ȫˡ
ʱʥƵ񱩣б˺ѿռѷ죬
ħʮħ֣ʮӵ쾡£һһС磬˵Ĺ
Խڣ˴˼ĲԽ󣬾ԲħټʮħӲĿסļĹ
Ĳ¹һҵҡڣھ㺮칬̫Եʣ񱩵㺮칬ǵ°ɫѹһѺۡ

һɰɢ˳㺮еļ׹⻹ʱʱѺۿ֣ǧǳǧڷ⣬̨ɢĲŨˮ
ڽе˶£϶ֳһĨϲɫ
㺮칬еıҪ


387 ̫ħ
㺮ѹڶĹһѺۣ͸һɲԼֱϢڶս˶סˡ
ǵĶսǱĽ棬ʥΪĶ쳣޴󣬽һ˵ΪĽ룡
ǻħԿڶʿĹ˵ʮħΪ֧ţҲΪޣĵĻҪ࣬߳ɵӡ
ĸӦ̨Ϣħϼ쳣˷ܵĵݵûȻ
˵ţħüнֳһɫħƣض£а쳣
ŻħüеǵɫħԽԽһаϢȫ˿ȹ㺮칬˵ѹСһëȻĸо
£ԭ˹ȥʱУѹ޷ƲأڣһжҪˣһ̶ĹֽһźӻħüеħлƬ̣һͷǵħ壬ϵƬȻħĸӵϸܣȫ͸һа졣
ħʱ˶еһƼ·һħԼ֮С
ǼػˣҲĸӦȫɫףоǺȻ
һ󳾣Ӷ΢΢΢ţѵ³֣ŵħ飡
оĵ붼˶Ծס˺˫ĿȻŸոճֵħ壬еľԸӡ
ֻڴ˵е飬ˣһȴħ飡
˶ез࣬飬˵ĴڣʱȴĳǰһǵжԵģǶһ־ĸо
Ұһʱ佫Сȫ뵽ƿռ֮Уֲ̫浣Ļᱻħ񿴳Щʲô
ħ˵Ĳõĸоô¶ˣԭħ齵ٴ˴
ӡ֤ԣħʮħ뵥ϥ¹򣬹񣬹ӭ̫ħ٣
Ǹħİ˰ڱƬƣ󳾵Ļˢһתͷ˫һɲ⡣
ͷṆ̫̀ħжһ˿⣬µĵԭǹ֮ѪζһҺڴʱ򣬻ܸϵѪһ
Ȼ߬ȭͷ˫棬ƽȻĵʮǰ֮ʣħ͵Ϯеһһȥ㱨ġ
̫ħмɨһۣЩѪ촽ȻҺڴһ̣ž۵ģ;زۣ
̫ħԿڵ󳾣δ󳾳֣ڴ󳾳ɳ
󳾻ָƽӴϾĵ㲻ɱңպһȡϣ㵽ʱҪڡ
̫ħЦһ㣬ЦѪɫɷףֹסЦһδͻƵСһȻвң治֪ߵغ񣡲Ը߷Ѫһģһϲ
̫ħĻ˵ͷһɱ̫ħ˼ԣרŽ˵ɱ
˴δ˵֮лʲôŵ飬ħоһŵվǰǵж˱ۡ
ŬΣѾ龳磬Ȼ˵Ѫʳе£ħС
˷·ѾδѪƮҡһƬڰǲЩĻ䣬ϲ˾
Ұа̾˿ѹڶħĳô֮ڵĵͳ֮󣬻֪жŹֽܶħУֳޣǲݣ
̫ħ󳾣ĿϣĵڵֳˣԺҪúõؽһᵴƽͥ
ҳɳħĩվҪˣڤȻʹ飬Ҳη塣
̫ħӦûӦĿӼֺڤǹɨδͣƽĵעҪΪҵѪʳɳɣ콾Ѫ⣬Ŷá
˶ŭȴЩȻԷһ飬һӶֻ˶֮⡣
ҰͷңǰСһ˵ʱᱻϳСڣǻǰѹһħ壬ѱᱻϳҪǱ˳Ǿ·һˡ
̫ħĿִǼ컯ɨѾֲˣĿ˹㺮칬ϡ
ҰаЩ죬̫ħ鲻ȤƵģᣬʵŹ֡
ħڷҰԺ𣺡þɣһﲢ̫ħı壬ֻһƻ̫޴ڸտʼʱ򣬾ħ飬Ҳ޷ñ彵١⿿һƻ飬Ҳ޷򡣶ңΪضķ̫棬ֵ̫
Ұ΢»ȣȻֻһƻܲ
ħһŹֵĵһƻҲܹӳʥ͵ȷҪȥ
Ұ˼£еĻһӱˣͷɥĵħ鶼ˣҪ˵ļѰ
ħĵħǿߣ֮ûУûҲʥ֮ͣӦûвٵġֻǣЩϼһﶼƢŹֵĺܣʱһǲôܵġ
ħͣ£ּУվ۷ǣҲֶͨΣ˶һ³ħһսħ
ҰٺЩĿٴǸ̫ħϣа룬֪ʲôʱԼҲԽ񾳣
ڷҰ˼ʱ̫ħζȻˣֱӻһֻʵʵ֣沼ɫƬ»·űĹŲ¹ݺݵ߬ȥҪ¹
䣡
¹˲両ֳһ°ɫѹεؽ¹ػڣǰδе貣˸ոչʱ򣬻Ҫʵöࡣ
̫ħǸֺݺݵ߬ȥȴһɫθ⣬޷߬ң¹Ǹ´ǸƵģ޽¹
£㶼ˣ㺮칬Ҳзˣԣ̫ħһǸֻ֣ս㺮칬ȵɱȭ
̫ħ˲䵽˹㺮칬ǰȭͷһǵѷ죬þ޷ƽϢֱ¹ĸҪ¹ߡ
ʱһִֻӹ㺮칬̽˳һӡ̫ħȭͷϣɢһɿ񱩵˶ĵɵʮ⡣
ħ͵ڷҰԺ𣺡ȻҲ˺֣


388 ֮ս
֮в󳾡ڤˣҲǷƮҡҶһ㣬ʮ⣬޷
˶ʥǹɽսѹҲѪڣɫɷס
ʥӦɺ嫵ѹػ֮ǰδеȹ̣ڵΪҲǰδеľ޴
һ˲䣬ڵΪ߰˰ˣԶԶı˿ȥٿ
ҪôһµĻֱӾܽ˶˸ɡ
£㵱δɣ̫ħĿȻŹ㺮칬еǵ̨ϵľٻӰ쳣ء
ڸոգҲһֻƴӹ㺮칬̽˳ƺһƬޣκ
ɲأ߸ħ壬ƣʮ꣬Ȼ¡
һĨٻӰ̨ȫɫƣʶã޷ݣبͶ̨Ƶģ˿ı仯
ǵٻӰ̫ħĺʳţһʬƵģûκ
δκλӦԶΧ۵ķҰȻҲ˵һԾۿţҪᷢʲô顣
£ҲûɱͥľӢԹԹг𱨳̫ħͳһս̫ħս϶Ե˫ˣ̧йħͷʮת档
ʮ̫ħУԶԶڻħɢϢҪֲö࣬һ鸴һ㡣
̫ħϵħһÿһ㱦ΪһƬ嫴磬·ؿʮƵģƬնѹİѣħ
Ұа⣬ѵʮ̫ħıɣȻ
ƺǸӦ˷Ұ룬ħڷҰԺ𣺡ʮ̫ħı̫ħһƻҲɷӳȫܣһƻʵҲֲ쳣Ҳ޷弴
ʮ֣̫ħĵҲøˣб񷣬Į·Ĺ㺮칬ĵ£ٵͷڹĻҾڹ곲Ѩ
㺮칬û˿ĻӦһĳţȴһͷ˶ɵĺľޣŴͣĵȴϹ
̫ħԶطݣȻһƬޣƲⲻκ֮صĶ
ȴƬ̫֮ħҲоĸʲ󣬹ʮתۼͱɽСԵŹ㺮칬ȥ
ʱ̫ħضžͶ̨ϵǵٻӰ˿ķɡ
̨ϵǵӰʼû˿ı仯ѾȥܾƵģõ̫ħͷ˿
ʮڹ㺮칬ϵʱ򣬹㺮칬ٴ̽Ǹ֣ϡ
쳣ڼֵʱ򣬾èƵģĹ⻪⻪Ծƴѣк
̫ħʮһӽǵ̨ϵӰȴǵӰδκεı仯ֻҲ̨̽ġ
̫ħ΢΢˿ϸƬӿֳһĨЦݣЦ£ʧ޾֮Уֻʣһִҽͱִ㳹׵ػҷ𣡡
̫ħδ䣬ȫħХ˵ˮƵģ糱ˮ뵽еʮС
̫ħħĹ룬ʮ͸ѹӿֲâҫۣ˺ѿССĿռѷ죬һֵֻ֣Ź㺮칬ص䡣
㺮칬ͨųҫ۵»͸һɾ̫֮ʮײһ
¡¡
һƴĺը죬˶һͷԷɡ
ңңȥ˶еͷ㺮칬ʮײ£Ȼδѿһ˿Ѻۣ
ĵ׶Щ𾪣ܿ죬˶˹㺮칬Ҳһ
ʱ򣬾֪㺮칬һҲٶ˼ˡ
ֻҪǶǳ֣вǹɾҲԸŲ
̫飬޷죡̫ħŭХħзһ޵дд˵ʶڣ綼ʧһ㣬ֻʣĮȻ̫ħ
䣡
һĺ𣬽ʵУ˾ͼֻ֣ڲļ£ƬӡĲ񷾡߽⣬̫ħİԵ
£ִҲóɢˣ̫ħĮȻĳһʮ㱦գʮ޾ĴɽӱڣХ죬ɽ磬һһڹ㺮칬ϡ
¡¡
һı˲ŵĿУ㺮칬Ȼѿһϸ΢Ѻۣɢһɺƴܣ
ˣ
˵ĵһӦǲţ˵пبųĲȻĿ֮ѿˣ˵ȥûš
Ұ΢΢ŴͣħԺ𣺡㺮칬ѾȱˡôܸоһжǼٵİͺһȻ֮Ƶġ
Ұ㺮칬ϵǵѺۣ˼һȴҲδȻ
㺮칬ѿѺۣ̫ħһ󳩿ĴЦ£ıˣҿ㻹ôҶ
̫ħ԰գʮ嫴ĸˡ
Զ˶ĵ׷㺮칬ȻıǸոҪƳ㺮칬ػֱ͸ûʲô
ǹ㺮칬δܵɣ̫ħȴù£вɵûɣѵȻ
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̫ħĺ㺮칬ϵѺ۱ԽԽ͸ҲԽԽŨ㺮칬еһƬǿձӵ䣬һſǳǰδеǴֿɼһ㡣
ಡ
Ȼ㺮칬ǿеһſǳըһӰ˳ѿĵѺۼ˳ֱŶԶȺ˷˹ȥ
̧ȥһһӰ϶ʥ
ǹꪣӶͼʯֲģȵȣʥһﳤӣƲ񷣬ۻңʮ֮࣡
齻սܵ㺮칬е౦ﶼ˳Զˡ
Ҫǣʮʥ
ͥĵ̣
ʱģҰпٷУһһʥϡ
÷ҰеǣоʥûκεķӦ
ҰͷȣЩʥ˭˭ģ


389 ħһ
ս¹±Ǹ̫ħȻԶ㺮칬ҰҲ˲ôˣʥԼ߶ȡĻһӵģ
Ұ׵ĽһʥͷһƬȣҲȲЩԼʥĳ˹ȥ
ʥǷĻǸ֮
ܵսļ㺮칬ֱӾƵ³ʮʥõһصܹ֮ˣ
ʱʲô飬ʲôħǸ׵Ժȵõʥ˵
Ұڶֵʱ򣬾ͽСڴƿռٻ˳ʱ򣬶һͶһְգԼϢ̫ħӦ
Ӷеİ׹Ǵһһ߲뵽ƿռ֮С
Сſ³Ǭʥͼһ縫˽ȥûڡ
ѩܷܷеĺ˪ӰһӨ͸̨
īӰٵضգܿʹһɫ·ַˡ
ǶֵʱҶ졢īơԨǡ񡢳аƵ˶ãЩʥˣҲԼʥԶȡһʥ
ħʮħҲʼȡʥ֮бҲ˺üʥܿ߰˼ʥ
Ұȡ˾ʥ֮󣬽²ͣٵĳ嵽ǰǰ棬һλðɫ
Ұֱѩܷܷǰܻѩܷܷ֣ǶλðɫֱѩܷܷϣЦһӣʺЭŻƯ
ѩܷܷ¶һ˿ĵЦݣ޵ŷҰҸĸо
Զ˫ĿǼʵһĻϲɱ⣬лᣬԻͷҰµģ
뵽ҰͳĶоͳ׳ĬˣոҲõһʥҪʥ͸ѩܷܷ᲻á
ŮԶԶϲʥмֵ
ҰӦеĿ⣬õĻص˹ȥһͷȥʥٷ˹ȥ
ҰЦȻתͷһ࣬һ鿴ƽĹշ裬ҹң춼ǿٿ
ףԭˡħȻҲǿǣڷҰԺвԾĵ˳г˾ȡ
Ұɫ΢䣬ǿİϵһģһҲǿǣ
㷽ҰȻ޷ǵܣֱЩӦżءõĵһǧݹ֮зֵģһǳаƴõģֳһǣǸʥһֵģ֪Ǿƽ
ʱ̣Ұд⣬֣֮
˴ѹأ޷ǬգҰСڳȵСڣסƬ̣
СͿ˷ҰĿڣҰڣ˼Զ˹ȥֻһڹСھͳҹңǰ
ܵҰļȣСֱӽ˳ֽǬʥͼ뵽֮УһҹңС
ᣬҰǿǵԱߣֽǿǸ뵽ƿռ֮У΢΢˿
ҹңڴʱҲСڵķĿȻŷҰѩܷܷīӰ˶˷ҰߣҲֻòʵһ˫˫ȥ
ʱȻ㺮칬Χȴ³Щûеõʥ˶еһźͲʣһ˿ڴڴŹ㺮칬ٴ±
Ұһû꣬ȫĺëȻȫǱһͷľ޶һ㣬ĵһԿĸо
̫ħ
ҰͷһӸֳ֣оѵСڵй¶
Ұѵ̧ͷ­̫ħŴ˴˫Ŀг˱ɭȻСںͻʱĿֶһ˿ɻ
̫ħлâתֻ̧ƬĴ֣ңңŷҰȥ
Ұд󺧣оȫסˣû취ֺ̫ħǳСڶǳԼģ
Ұ˲뵽ǿǣ̫ħѾʲôҪǿǣ
̫ħĳһһ޴гͣһɲյŷҰȻĻȥ
ҰɲԴеˣݺݵҧҧһʱ佫ƶ鲼ϵħڡ
ڷҰ󣬺ȻֳƬɽľ죬𺣳ˮϡ
Ұŭһɽдܳһ޴ɽɫߣгһͷƴȸˮһͷɽ䣬ͷ쳤ХµǸ޴Ƴ˹ȥ
ڣƶԶԶδգû⼸󣬷Ұϵѡ񶦻壬
Σ£ҰҲķӦˣǼֵӡҲûʱʩչħҲ
̫ħҲ̫ûԭˣȻʦԲС֣Ҳµݣ

ͷ֧Ƭʱ䣬ͱǸָĻ촷ۣܵǣҰſѪɫҰһƬ˫ĿǺȻ
֮Ȼȣڽܹӳʥ;ҲԶԶǷҰֿܹסġ
µķҰﶼЩϧҰֳǱ˿ЩĴˣʱȴԵ޹ŭһħ³֪
һֻЦ·Ѿ˷ҰǵĻ档
ѩܷܷſǻ˳峺пٲˮȫ˪ӰŸ߿ֻնɱ˹ȥ
ϴ󣡡ŭ𣬽ɫͫг˷ŭֱӽеİ׹ʥͶ˹ȥʥҪ׹ʥֱԱ
أСڴУ˲ˣ˼Ľ񻷼˳ӭû˲ϢǧһƬӨӨ˷ҰϿա
񻷣Զ˾˳
УԶ֪˭õˣһȻǵõˣû뵽ȴֻСèϡ
īӰȻֽ̧ڽ𻨴˳ȥգֱϮ񷡣
Զ׾콫ոһ񱳴ʥƵ
̫ħһƻҲŲʥ͵սʱ̫ħ࿹⣬˺ʵĻᱻɳˣǶ޷˵ĳˣ꣬÷Ұһж
ҰȵǣͷṈ̀ǰδе˲ҰͷȻҰͷǸ֡
һĵԪԲ٣ȼ֣ɫý͸ȴһƽ
ʱжȻ̽һֻ֣Ķֵֻ£ֻ־ʧӰ١
ѩܷܷ˵ĹڿմĵҲ̲ס˿Ȼ֣ǷҰǱסˡ
ҰȫľǱƵģһѣϵĺˮһڵĴϢţϲ˽ٺļ£Լĵ׵ķŭɷ󺣣
飬û˿Ե֮
Ұ̨ǵٻӰͶȥмĿ⣬ڴڵſйȪ޸ŷش塣


390 ֮ս
̫ħϮҰѾ𾪵ˣ˲ŵǣҰȻ̫ħĹд
˵ж֣Ұ̫ħ׳Ҳ˾壬;񻷸졣
˭Ҳû뵽ʮֻСèϣ˵ж˸źĹâʲô׼ԷҰˡ
Զ˿ҰĿⶼ˲ŵɫܹһ֮ѣҰԺҲǸˡ
ҰҲɻ󣬲֪̫ħʲô裬ԼδﵽС֣ĸǿйء
һ죬ո뽫׹ʥԱ֪ʥ˵ͱģ޷ʥԱԼ˷ɣеǳơ
Ұܹ̫ħһ֮´Ҳ˿ŶҲ˼ֺøС
ѩܷܷ峺˫зˮ⣬һѱסҰ»ҲҰƵġ
Ұѩܷܷĺ󱳣İɣһˡ
ѩܷܷ뵽ΣδæӷҰŷҰҪһ
а仰δ˵Ұȴ˼Ҫһ
ѩܷܷٻغ˪Ӱ֣վ˷ҰߣϹһĨ飬һ뷽Ұļơ
ҰһŻ쵤УܵڵΪڿٻָж˿
ոȻһ£ȴȫ֣ڵΪ߰˳ֱ֮࣬ķɸŪˣһаȼʱģ»쵤ȪžһЩ
Сڡ󳾡īӰ׾˶ٵ˷ҰߣĿ⾯Զ̫ħδ˵һ仰Ҳ÷Ұеůġ
ԼĹ裬̫ħ˫й⻪Ц£㾹ȻңҵĲ²Ӧòǻ죬Ҿ𣡡
еֲֻδʧԽԽأһźҲ̽˳
Ȼһ޾»еŮӴ񻣬ʶλãȫû͸˿Ϣȴһ˾㤵ĸо
̫ħ㺮칬Ǹ̨ϵٻӰֿ˿ǰ޾»еŮӣ¶һֻȻɫ
δ˵ЩʲôոճֵӰٵؿߣִ̧һ貵Ļ⣬л˾ǹһµĺƴ󳡾̫ħС
Զ˶Щɻ󣬿Ůӣֿ㺮칬еǸŮӣô¶
ҲŪԺˣ㺮칬еǸŮŮӣһı壿
ǣĻ
ǲ𰸣Ҳû˸ǣ֪𰸵һзս
ǸŮǹµ󣬽̫ħУϣ֣̫ħĻ˹ȥ
һƣȴǽƬض˽ȥ͸һİŮӵеġ
Ůȫ¶Աȸոս¶һֵֻҪǿöࡣ
̫ħɫ䣬ʲô˼飬æеʮҪűԿŮӡ
𾪵ĿУŮӵʮ棬Ĺ⻪ĵþҲǴ̫ħֶ
̫ħſɫѪҺɫ˺Ȼϵ˺鶼˲ˣȲҪߡ
϶͵Ϯ˴үһ֣ס·ŪѾģҰŭϲ˺Ҫһ飡
飬ǵҰҰҲԲù
Ұδ䣬оͼӰһһǲǰɱ¾ʱõȱʥԥ˿񱩵̫ħǰ̫ħߵٶȻһ
ȱʥˣǮΪ˵ﶼڵѪҰ̫ܼˣ
ҰĴ𣬻˶΢΢ȥǻ붼룡
Ҳһ˲䣬ȫӦ˹ҲҪò뵽жУֻҪ̫ħƬ̾ˣǸŮӻһеġ
뵽˶е˷ޱȡ
еİ׹ʥɽСʥգ̫ħǰ
ѩܷܷ˪Ӱе˪ƣն׶˿Ϣ˷е񽣸ճʱơ
īӰڽ𻨣׾񱳴󵶣󳾵̣Խ֯һƬƬ嫵̫ħǰ
ǲҪ̫ħֱӳ֣Ǻգõ̫ħ޷գ̫ħ룬ǸŮӴᡣ
ˣˣķˣǾȻҪ񣡡Զ˲ŵг˼
̫ħܹӳʥ;ҲǿԵֵ˵ģЦΪҰԾĹ
ѪڣϲһЦֽ̧ͼ˳ȥ죬˴Ƭ
ҰǵԺ㣬ҲһҶЦ˳ȥХ졣

еϽֶոѳһƬסһƬա

ڤˣһԲķ˹ӲƵϹ뵡
һһ콾֣ƾ죬Ҫ
ͱлһЩ˶ԶЦΪ۵Ҷֱ֣
̫ħŶգȴִ˴ռ䲻ȶ޷գ
̫ħĴѪǸŮһԿĸолߣû뵽һȺ֮գ޷룡
ʵƿЩҲƬ̼飬йڣҪƳǰķҪ޵ֿĳܺ󷽵Ĺ
գ۵ʱ䶼ûУ˵Ƭ̵ʱˣο淭ˡ
̫ħ˲תͷǸŮƴ֪ѹ£̫ħĻᶼûУͱĳ
־ϲ֣֮Եƥ޷⣡
̫ħһƷǳ׵ʧˡ


391 
Ůȫսֱһƽ̫ħһƷΪ촷ۣ˶еޱ𺳡
֮䣬ô
Ǻܿ𣬸ոճǰ̫ħǱ壬һƻŮӣȴ˿͸
˲
ĻǸ̨ϵŮ˭
˶ɻ󲻽⣬飬Ѿķ룬Ͳǿõġ
Ұһ֣յһĻȻǸеͷɡ
ȻҰ˲δĶ̫ħ֣ǷסƬգֵǸŮӡǣǵĳ֣̫ħпܻĶˣ𵽵Ҳɺԡ
ˣ
Ȼʮ汬Ѥõ⣬ɢһɺƴٵؽѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬Ҫûȥ
ǸŮһУͼʮҲѣ⻪Ҳȴ޷ֵѳ
ŮӵĴʮ棬˵ڸƵģȴĸˡ
ײһ°ɫ⣬ͼһɳĲ¹֦ʹ׹С
ŮŷſֵʮգһɺƴԶȥ
Ұü΢壬ĵ׸ħ⾿ô£ŮΪηʮȥˣ
ħ΢ĬƬ̣Ůӽеһ̫ħһƻףҪͽʮҪӡסҲ쳣ءʱ״̬˵߲ǵѡ񡣡
һ𣿡ҰɫŹֵԶ̨ϵǵӰʳĵ׵ɻ
ħЦһҲһһ񼼣ڶʱڻԼʵķȴǾ֣ÿһı壬һֱڷʶ״̬һͻǿ̬䣡
ҰһǷһƵģȲʵ֣ô¶
ħƽĵָȻǾǣҲָǸ˵ҲȫΪ꣬꣬ҲǾʶʶȡ̨ľǣ֪֮꣬Ҳû̫ô֪ġ
Ұ˿ǸŮӣг𾪣ȫΪ
Ϣ˳ȥ»в˻Ϊ֮İɣĵǱˣָտɴ
뵽ǿսҰжٷЩսʥʹԲǿˣҲֻްɣ
ʱҰȻӦһĿԼϣǴңԶʱһȫ¶ǵĿеĸоΣ󳾵Ŀ⻹Ҫ򱶣
Ұ̧ͷȥͼ˹һƬҰûп˫ȴʵʵĸӦĿ⡣
ֻǵ֣ĴڴеɵĲ¹֦ϣɵ¹֦˲ѳʮ飬Լ߰˳ߣСҲаߣƮոճ̫ħˡ
΢΢£׹ҪЩ¹֦͸ǡ
֪⻹⣬һ߰˳ߴС¹֦ǡƮ˷ҰǰҰȻ
ȻҲõ˲ֲ¹ھɫУҲ֪ҪѶõʱܳɳʱõһص¹֦ǿܺõƵҩ
ǷҰոճֵ˶ֵһЩСڵõĴԼڳ£Ȼȫ˷Ұ
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ǸŮڣ˭ҲᣬһķˣǿɲΪԼҪ
ȵ˶˲¹֦Զʣµħ塣
ħʣµĻħ˵ﶼһ£ɫ쳣ѿг˾ǻħʱҲе
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̫ħһƷʱǾѾȻˣҪ뿪Ƿ֮أôѣǽʣһֱܣҲκħƤѣ
¸ɴ䣬ֱĳ֣ͼȺħϿճһֻӨ֣Ʈ죬ȴһǧ羡еİԵ·䡣
쳣ȴ̺һɺ嫵֮Ǵնȫסˣõʮħû취ƿա
ŮӾı壬ħǣƴһҲûлᣡħŭħļʥڳ˳ƿƽƣͭս꣬쳤ǹеıƿǹǸոյõģʥƵϿյ֡
˵ʣµʮħҲŭŷԼǿ
ħ嵽Щħ֮УҲʥڸոֵõ߰˼Ҳʮʥ
ʮʥ˵ӦŶԣ֪Ǹ£ЩСӵһ㣬ַֺ
һһʥĵĹ⻪ٵû뵽ڶħڣڶħҪԱѾˣ£һħ嶼ĳѪ
һһʮħ御ԲĻħҲûһ˲䣡
ǿƣԵ飡
Ұ˿ҺǺȻһֽҵɫ
̫ħոҲĳһ˵̫ħһƻȴҲܷӳʥ;
̫ħĹҰþϵħ֮󷢳鹥Ҳ˲
֣ҰȻѳΪ̫ħ꣬ѩܷܷīӰˣҲˡ
ΪԽڣ׵ѶȾԽܷӳ󣬷Ұд
ڶħ֮󣬾һ΢飬Ź㺮칬ʧС
˭Ҳ֪˺η㺮칬еľ󽥽̨ϵǵӰҲģǳ䴩ļ׹Ҳ㺮칬㺮칬ٴλָӡ
е˲䣬Ұˣĳ˳ȥĿ꣬Щħʬڣ
ȥ˺ηҰҲģĵǣħʬƮŵЩʥڶħʬħѳҲЩʬƻԪ
֮⣬ħʬе龧ʯҲǱҰûŹ


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龧ʯħԺĴռ䣬Ψнħɻ籾Դ֮ʯſԻ
Ҳ̫֪ҰȻŹЩħʬ
Ұľ콾ҲӦ˹ٵڶħʬ￿
ڸոգŮӵѹ׳֣ŮʧҲȲĿʼˣֻȴȷҰһ
Ұ죬˲Ƭʬ֮УȽǸħĲʬԼƯʬϵļʥ
ʱҲͳ˹ǡڤСҶ˶˹Ưŵʥڡ
ѩܷܷüͷ΢壬ħʬǲϲδ뵽֮С
Сڸ붯ֵʱʥѾڶ콾ոɾˣСһﶼô⡣
īӰҺѣոյĶ΢˵㣬еʥȫӺơ
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˷Ұ⣬ڤСҶ졢ԨҲȡħʬ÷Ұͷ󼱣ȡٶٴμӿһЩ
Ǳżĵ̣ħڵȻ˽⣬Ҳ֪ħԺ龧ʯ֪ħ̺Ż籾Դ֮ڳᡣ
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ҰϵȡҲȡħķ֮һңҲֻа˾ŸħʬʬӣʣµĶ콾ϷˣҰҲΡ
ҰȡħĲʬջصѩܷܷߣȻ㺮칬
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ܿ죬ҰͿ˾ǹµĺƴ棬ڿٵıСֻʣµǹ⣬޾ǿԵ쳣С
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ʱһɺƴʱղԶٿ̫ħ̧һУʮг˳ֱֱ̫ħС
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ǱУĿ˸ҶԷҰ֣кܴһΪɵ󳾡ߣ˼ֻ

ڤͷڤĿȻĴλ콾һһɨЦȸҵŰɣһ죬һὫǾԴܣ
˶߳ڤҲηڤ
Ӵ˿˿Ƶɫ⻪ڤĴʧԶٹͣ
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ҰЦŻӦ˵ĺƵģҪսʱս
ҶҡͷδԣԶȥ
ǡ񡢻졢ԨҹңҲȥеֱ뿪˹ʥеĸʥطԵȥˡ
ϾͥȻҲֻһû˵컯콾˵ʥ컯飬Ҳ֪ǷѾҲ׷
ŷҰѩܷܷһƬ䣬ҪԷҰ֣ǿѹܸоҰ͸һ޵Σ󳾲ҲٶԷҰ׳֡
գдűǼҲ뿪ȥҰƴɱ
ȥкܴһԭҪٵͥеõı˵õǿ似Ҫʱ˵õʥҲҪʱܷӳǿǼսУȥҵطչظȥˡ
Ĵս˶۽磬˶ͻƵıԵҰһѹƲסĸоͻƵ硣
ͥз飬Ҫ˶þͻᴫħϢᱻ֪֮жһɲҵѪȷ磡


394 Ϊ
ۿսǻ̫ħһƻһҰΪһִĸоͻƵ磡
ھϣҰѾ磬֤ξս֮󣬶ھӵֻ̣ҪӴͿʮİս뵽磡
ڶ콾һһȥΧɫƵˣҰǲôη壬Ҳȥ
׾뼸Ϣǿһ𣬴ӲԶ˹ŷҰЦ֣ͥһУصõ˲ٺöɣ
ҰЦӭȥЦŵͷȷõһЩֵɫƵõҲ١ˣҪлڹ㺮칬Ԯ֡
׾ڹ㺮칬һ̫ħһƻҰкǸжĽ׾쵱ֵܡ
ҰֵܵĲ࣬ÿһϿɵģǺޱΣ˭ҵԼֵܣֶܶǿ󣬷ҰǸԳܵĴۣ
׾һսԵʱ򣬷Ұͽ׾쵱ֵܣĲսø
׾˰֣Цǲ羭սҲһˣûҪô⡣˵ˣҲҲõһСصĲ¹ֵּ֦߰ĳͣÿ˶Ķģ
ҰЦЦδٶ˵ȴļ䡣
ڵ£ּǱ֣֮˵ʲô¹֦ˣҰȻס
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Ұ˳īӰĿȥͼī򻨹ȵλǿ߿뿪һ˼Ұ˹ڹ㺮칬֮УīõһʥīӰǵû˽ɱŸȥһ·ݻȥˡ
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ǲȱʥڴ󲿷ְ֮Ҳıһӵв˼ҰȥԱīӰһֱĸо
īӰƬ̣ҲûйƴǣֱӽǸָЦеĵ֪õ˲ٺôȱʥҲʮȱʥҾͲˣЩڣһǣҲԲ˶ߣ
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ҰԱȱʥҪñг󣬹Ҳûм˻ôܼҡ
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Ұȫɢŵӫ⣬ӨüĹ⻪͸һɰԵѹ
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һҰܵ쳣׻Ҳʼӿһɺƴ
Ұڲһɾ޴ϵ׵綼ɵһɶ̤㵽磡


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һ磬ڵķδٴηɱ䣬ȻǷ˵ʿ޵Ƕ磬ڵҲǷΨдﵽʥ;磬Ӵ˵еʱܹ֮õ÷ɱʥ
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СڵУһôӡ
Ұüͷ΢壬ѯʵô¶
ߵÿһޣ֮䶼ΨһġѾޣҿѪеĻҿԻûޣҲ޷ٿ޵ĴС̿ͷѾ˾èĴУҾԻûèӣҲ޷ӵκμܡ
Ұ΢룬˵Ļֻܻûδ˿еˣ
ͷǵģȻҿԻûκһޣΨЩδе޲ҵʵõ󷢻ӣȻĻǾͰװ˷ҵ츳ˣӵҲˡ
Ұ˵ͷֽҲǿԽܵġϾܹû޾Ѿˣܹÿһ޶ûҵõ޵ĴӡǵĻҲûˡ
Ұʼ磬ĵʲôͱʲôɣ㱣ԭ״Ҳԣıˡ
ߺߵǻǱڵ̬ɣһûޣҲ֪Щ޻䣬Ҫһʵ飬Ҳ̫鷳ˡ
Ұʱƿռ֮Уǲ¹֦ԼֲھɫеĲ¹ֿ˻
һ֮ͥУõġ
һ߰˳ߴСĲ¹֦СذߴС¹֦ʮҹ;ˮµĴйű»ʥʥìʥƿͭսꡢ쳤ǹƽƵȼʥЩһ
ʮȱʥټ׸߼ټмǧ׳Լĵؽ׸
Щ󲿷ֶǻھŴǳеǿǳеõģϴ˽ҪãҪеĶˡ
ʣµһС֣ǷҰնɱĵ˵õģеĵħ壬еĵ࣬õЩһȣԵ΢ˡ
Щ֮⣬ҰõؾĿأ˵Щ׺͵ؽ׵Ĺ似ҲżջѾһľĿˡ
Ǽʲôʲôõ󷨷׭ϡҩӵЩҩȻҰֲ˾ɫ֮С
ϸ˵׷ºһҲǷҰõģȴ͸ѩܷܷ
Ȼа˾ŸħʬԼħڵʬ壬֮ټ̵龧ʯеıҲֵǷ
ǸԲĻħʯУػвı
ͥһˣҰǷǳģһһؤ˻ʵ۵ĸо
޺ƲҹݲʣҰΪȻ
ǹͥһˣҪô౦֪²ܹˡ
ħȻڷҰԺ𣺡һջĶĲЩʥҲǲ¹֦Ǵӹ㺮칬еõǿǣ
ҰЩȻĵǣ
ħЦΪ̫ħһƷΪʲôΪǿǣûпǵҲȻоǵĲ
Ұ뵽һĻ̫ħһƷõ֮ŶֵģѵΪʲôܣ
Ұ̲סʵҲǲ򵥣Ҹ͸еʲôܣ
ħĵʲôܣͲҪˡ֮ǰǳʥ֮ǰ㻹ûʸӴǵܡ쳣ȴûʲôô֪ʱȻ֪
ҰƲƲ죬ħܵθڣһؼʱ̾Ͳ˵ˡ
Ұ֪ħƢԣ˵ģҰĴδʳ
ҰħҲǺ棬һֱ²֪²Ľһ
ħٿ飬Ұһ󸹷̣ѾĻô˼ҵĲôأ


396 Сڻ
ǣҰϾ飬ڹ㺮칬еõһ֮⣬һǵںħ·ԶһǴӳалȡġ
ҰʣǷͬһĹܸоʣӦøͬһĶ
ҰħҲˣﻹǣ͸ûʲô㿴ǲͬһĹ
˵ţҰ֣ƿռеǶ˳
ӳ£ǶɢӨӨ⣬沼˼ǳһѺۣǴĹ켣Ϊ̻ģ쳣
һԱȣͿ
㺮칬еóǿ飬⻪˵һЩںħ׵õǿǣ⻪Ǵӳаﻻȡǿǡ
ǵͬС죬𲢲Ȼûɢ˿ѹȴʶǡ
ǣħжһ˿ȣˢһ£ӷҰ˳СڷҰϿգ˿˿Ƶɫ⡣
Ұɵĵʲô𣿡
ħĬƬ̣Щѹֲס˷ܣûʲôԣֻܸ㣬ⲢͬһĹǧҪ֪ǣħ壡Ժ󣬻дõģ
ھʲôãħδ˵
ҰƲƲ죬һ˵˵û˵ڲͬһĹԼˣ˵
Ұ֪ħƢԣҲʡ
ħǰѾ˵úˣ˵ڳʥ֮ǰûʸӴǣھʳˣҲûɶá
ħ˳ҰҲȥֱӽǽʮħʬתƵħС
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Щʬϵ֮ȫħ˳תƵ˷ҰϣҰоԼֿ֮Ũˡ
ȵħЩħʬ𵴳ҰټƶСƶӭǣΪСžֹЩħʬװС
ͻƵ֮󣬷ҰľӾӴ󣬾;ԣҰո̤ľЩԲʿҲ˿
δͻƵʱ򣬷ҰܹһӽħͬʱƳɵͻƵ磬ʮħʬ壬Ͳڻ¡
Ұһȸƶпٵȼħʬ԰ڡ
ҰһǧĵϵرţŷҰĶƶӳԴתźƴϢٷֽЩħʬ
ʱƣһƵĻ籾Դ֮Щʬɢ˳ЩʬҲۿɼٶȸɿš
һѶѵĻҽ뵽ƶ֮УҰɵĴƶڵĻ籾Դ֮Ũ
ȵЩħʬȫɻ籾Դ֮Ժ󣬷Ұ־䣬ƶеЩ籾Դ֮ͿʼתХ졣
Ұ˫ֿٱ仯һһӡƶС
أƶеĻ籾Դ֮ʼɽ״ҰҴ⣬ϽĿƶЩ籾Դ֮
ʱˣҰ־ٱ䣬صӡƶϣתĻ籾Դٷֽ⿪Ŵֲڵĵҩ
ڷҰĿ£ʮŵҩƶиתһΧƶĵĳͬʱתţҩԽԽ⻬
ˢˢˢ
һһڵҩ渡˳ɫɫɫɫɫɫɫĵƽ֣·ƵģõƶеʮŵҩĪĵϡ
ڵƳ͵ʱƮһɫƶ䣬µѤϼ⣬ӿֳתŴĹ˷
콵𣬵ӿηҰǵһμˣѩܷܷȴЩȣ⻹һμҰû뵽ҰȻǸƷʦ
Ʒʦڸ֮Ҳӵŷǳߵĵλڴ˵֮УҲԺЩԲǿƽƽˡ
ңӰй֮ЩƷʦӰܹϵϾ
ҰȻ֪ѩܷܷ룬ʱҲϾ񣬵ȵЩҩãҰһ񶦣ʮŵҩͬʱг˳
ʮŵҩ¯˲䣬սٵ͵ӿĽһ֮û뵽ʮŵҩ֮Уҩ͸Ϣӵض£Ʈ˿˿Ƶĵ㡣
ʮŵҩһģʮ龧ʯȻҲҰС
벻㾹ȻƷʦ˸еⰡѩܷܷϹһĨЦ⣬Ժ
ԴӸڷҰ֮ϵЦԱЦݹˡ
Ұƶ֣ЦƷҩԪµʿԹĺôʹʿ󾳽磬ʹھʿС磬ʿãҲΪԼԴ⣬ûиãƵķá
ѩܷܷŮ¶һ˿Źֵɫҡͷ΢΢Ʋ죬ЩħʬƶɵģֵҩڳħʬƵģⵤҩٺãҲԣ
ҰһЦȻˣǾˣԶȳҪõö࣬ЩԪЧҲޡ
ѩܷܷһĴ˵ӵеԴɲ٣ҰҲǿ˳ֽŻԪݸСڡ
ԪֱΪСҪֵҩָΪϴСھͼͻƵˣݷҰƣֻҪ̷ŻԪͻϿԳɹͻˣҰֱӸŵҩҲΪ˷ֹ⡣
ʣµŻԪҰδԼãá
СڽӹҰеŻԪƵģһſŵĶ뵽УҰ˼ͣ븹С
Ұһ鴤ƷҩֵܹϵһʥˣСҰ;͸ûˡ
Ұ̲סܼ̾ң
ҪǣСֻҪŻԪͿͻƣҰֻ³⣬֪СһһҲһһȫˣ
ҰǣСδ촽ҰĿ¶ϣɫ
СڵӣҰ̲סһŰ߷ɳȥ
ȻСеϣһʧˣת˷ܵɫֻСϵëȻɫڸųѤ貵ľɫ⡣
ɫ⻯һĻСڵı峹װҰոСʱǸƵġ
ɫϵĹ⻪ԽԽѤãԽԽŨõ÷Ұ˶ȴ͸һɺƴǸ޼
˼ʱֿ֮ٵƬ֮󣬾ɫ⾡ʧ¶һꡣ
ºڷüĿ㣬˫񣬷㣬ɣ·ʱ˷ȥƵġ
ɢϢҰϤСڣ
Ұʹգ۾Ҳû뵽СɽپֱӻˣһĻ˿ݣ
۸¸£ϴһˣڿԿ˵ˣ飬СӣЩûңҹСһſڣͳƻǸţǸꡣ
Ұͷߣֱֲӵĸо


397 
黯һСڳ˹ȥֱӽС˵ڵأŭ̿ͷ𣿸ҵȨҲ㣡
ҰѩܷܷӿЦһﶼѾĸˣƵģûһ
Ƭ֮󣬻Сֹͣ˴򣬻ëɢңСڵһֻ۾èۣЩǱ
Ұһѽ龾ڼϣֿСڵСڣͻƵ磬һЩҲܹʹ˰ɣ
Сϵĺ£ЦȻƱúͲ׽Ӱ񼼶Էӳǿ飬Ҳǿʩչ
ҰͷǴﵽ磬Ҳ˵ܹ񼼵ʩչ
񼼣ҲΨвܷӳǿΪĻҲֻǱѰʥǿһЩ
ҰͻƵ磬Щħʬ嶼ɵСҲѾΣõже쳣ĸˡ
ʱ򣬷Ұ뵽ʮ龧ʯһ˿Щ龧ʯ涼һЩʯҩ׭졢似
ʯ϶ϾԼ͵ȵİ׾ҩЩƷƷĵҩƷҩδһţҲЩ似ҲЩؽ׺׵Ĺûʲôֵ߰ı
ֵһǣǸԲĻħʬҰʱδڵܹħʬɻ籾Դ֮Ҳ˷Ѵ󲿷֣òʧ
Ұħ˻ħڵˣ֮룬ҰԸоԼصˡ
ǸħʬֻܵͻƵƷʦʱ򣬲ܹˡ
ѩܷܷת촽תĵͻˣʣԼʦԲǻҸеհ
ҰЦ⣬οܷܷҲñԹˣ㱳ѩ壬ͻƵĻܹͻƵˡ㲢ͻƣԼͻƵĻȻǰڻ·ͻԽԽҲܹ֮·ߵԽԽԶ
ѩܷܷչЦҾһ˵ûбԹ˼ÿһ綼ÿһڵıȻֻʦԲһͻƣҲƿͻҲˣͲһѡ
ҰͷҪչصĻǾͣһʱ䣬ȪڣͿԻ۴ڸ磬ŲСĴٽá
ϾյĲ֮󣬲ֱܻӲ䵽ڡ
ֳĵطУԸõĸشͻƵѶҲøˡ
ѩܷܷҲƴǣ￪ʼǱޡ
ѩܷܷǱ޵ʱ䣬ҰҲʼУһҪϤͻƵĸսһǽħӡ֮УŸħӡ
ĸ֮ħӡѾʥˣҪٴθѶȿɲһ㡣
Ұ뵽ħӡ֮Уħӡеķ֮ǿ似
ϧϸ˼ϸڷʱ򣬷Ұ֣ҪΪʵɲô׵顣
ңʱѩܷܷڱչأҰɲں֮ʱѩܷܷǱޣֻԺжš
ʮѩܷܷҲɹ׽٣̤뵽硣
ʮ̽ҰħӡĸҲЩüĿҪĸҪܵ㣬ԼһδεĲʵ飬˭֪ʵٴβܹԼħӡ
ҰʱҲ޷ħӡֻȰħӡȸһԡ
ϴǽô죿Сѯ˳
Ұһǽ뵽ʥˣһ¶ڱչأҲ֪ʥе컯ûгҪ˴ˡ
콾İ˵ʥϵ컯ڣһأҰǻ߹ʥеõģԵһؾ̨ˡ
뵽̨ҰвЩʧ̨Ȼ¶ǰȴûбκһ˵ȥȻڹ㺮칬֮Уȴ˭Ҳòˡ
컯飬Ǻ컯飬Ƿ˵ȥǱ˭ȥͲǷҰܹ֪ˣҲҪ˴¡
ҰѩܷܷѯѩܷܷǳЦˣ㵽Ҿ͸㵽
ҰЦѩܷܷҪԼ˽Ľడ
Ұٲɣ˼Ƭֱ̣ӼǬߣתƵ¸
¸»Ϊ˽ҰҲ˻᲻ĵΧǻģĲǲ׷ģϢòˡ
Ұδȥѯʣѡ˸Ƚҵɽ˫ȻȻϢ
֪ͥħԺҪץʱˣħеʳǾͱˡ
˵ħлԲħһˡ
˵㺮칬м׹̨в¹Ҳ֪˭ȥ
ٴ˶˵׹̨δΨв¹֦˹ϷһЩҲ˲õıˣļƷϰ
˵ҲˣϽУͼڻУҲˣڷҰǸСèϣ治˼飡
ιʥвٺöˣ˵ϣ컯ϵĻ߹ˮϵ߰ϱԼϵĳϼ֦ˣмܶǳڹʥҲ֪˭ȥ
ʥѾ컯ǲ˼飡
ǳڹʥ֮Уǹʥл컯ͥķӡҲ򲻿ǲǸȥˣ
ȥΪȥ뵽ʥ򣬵ڻûˣһûõһЩôв˻ҵʥ͵Ķ֪ģѾĸʥͶˣж಻ʤʥ̺ۣһ󱦵ذò컯飬õһЩĻԵҲ
ǰ˭֪ʥ򻹻᲻رգرյĻеĺõط˵ΣҲ٣ǿûʱˣħѾˣǱ뾡һа취ʵУȻĻȵħ嵽һ

˵Ľ̸УҰ˲õϢħȻ˳ȥ
Ҳãе˿Ԥ
ң˷ҰõĻ߹⣬컯ˣǲ֪˭ȥ
֪һϢҰ⣬ֻԼдʥҲޱߣѰ컯飬Ұ뵽ˡ
С񻷵ϢҲ˳ȥȴǸ鷳顣Ǳ˿ܻв۵ļһۺ񻷵ġ
飬Ұ鷳η塣
ڶѾͻˣһҲûһս֮


398 
ʥ򣬵Īĵϣ̺һִʥżȷһʥء
˴Ѿ컯Ҳ²⣬˴Ѿû컯飬󲿷ɲδ˻أٵǱޣѰһԵ
ʥ򣬿ɱȴɽиʺС
ʥвȱ֣вٶﵽľ磬ЩõʥűΪɲ⡣
緽ҰɱߣǸĸʥޱߣҰ߾Ψһһ
ĵ̣ؿĶأ󣬱Ȼǡ
ϴѰҹʥе컯飬Ƿص콾ȥſڷҰϣ˦β͡
Ұ΢룬˴Ѿ컯ٳ컯ļʲħ֣ҪΪЩ㣬׼½һˣǻȷص콾аɡ
СںͻȻûѩܷܷ֪뵽ʲôµӿֳһ˿κ죬ҲδԷԡ
ҰĿѩܷܷɨЦܷܷ͸һȥɡ
ѩܷܷǻصѩ壬еĶƸ£ѩ廹ǻѩܷܷ޸ģѩܷܷͬ⣬ҰҲͬ⡣
Ұ͸ѩܷܷǲ׷ºļֵ޿ɹ츳ȥѩףѩҲͬѩܷܷĻġ
ҰѩܷܷѩĲѩУȻ˵֣Ǿ˵ѩвûѩ֮УкܴѾ޾֮ǰˡ
ѩͬеĶ飬ҲΪе죬Ҫǿ˱ʵ
ħ彫ҪѩҪǿǿϣӦħ٣
ҰѾˣӵ㹻ʵ֮ǰʱѩܷܷ߸ţȵʵѩӵʱǾͷĽѩܷܷӭȢţ
ʱɱħħ
ףʵ⣬ʵлȨ
Ұ룬ѩܷܷϺθŨ˵ͷ
ѩܷܷȷҰѩľģħ٣˵лҷΣգѩûвڵĴ˵᧿ΣԲ׼ǿǿϣԶԿħ١
δѩ͵͵ӳѾɣǽעѹ˷Ұϡ
ҰҲ³˴ţδ˵ȴѾƽϣҪӭȢѩܷܷҪħ٣ͱҪʵС
ʵһеĸ
Ȼ콾ҰҲͣռе콾λ˿ٵǰ˹ȥ
뼸ħˣһԲǿ߶סյһǸԲҸɵˡ
նɱһߣõ˻߹ɵʮ
ħõģħеõʥҩ
طǵ͵ϮҵĵطҰ˶ɱˣȴˡǰһԵ򣬵ǲͱˡ

Ұһ·ѩܷܷ˵ԼЩط¸߰
䣡
Ȼһ޴ĺڲԶضھҵҡţһɽ˴Ƶġ
ȥҰæֹͣ˽˵һķ˹ȥ
շɳûԶҰͼһǧɳɫصˤһɽϣɽ嶼ײˣ쳣ҡ
÷Ұһ쳣ϤĸоϸһҰˣǰ￪Բԣ
ֻǣʱԵ쳣Ǳ²˺ۣƬƬ䣬üѪģҲ쳣͸һʥѹҲ֣ʱʧ
ˣס·һˣܼһڸ֮ܵǿˣҰĴЦٵس嵽ߣֽ̧ʥì˳ȥ
ͣ
ʥìһǿҵʥ˺ѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬նɫ
Ҫ
Ұɲɫô䵽زģˣģ
˫һȻſڣ³һɫĹһʥŷҰն˹
Ϊɫ̫صԭǱɫʥոʥìӴͱʥì˳ȥ
ҰеȵǣǱɫ⻪̵ʥҲеʥìҪǿһЩ
ɫʥǼмʥ
Ұ˫ȣ¶ģһҪʥõ֣
мʥҲǼžмʥĶ㲻ϡ
мʥҰȻ


399 崫
ɫǱɫ֮ʥìڷҰĿ£ֱԵüĴ˹ȥ
ƴȫü۳һŨ۳һطģʥìǰ
ҰܹܵǸĵĸӳ̶ȣǴ۷ʱڣ㷽Ұʥƿ
ϧȻ޷ȫӳĵոոʥìӴͱʥìеǹһеʥɢ
ķȻǿ󣬵ֵܵסʥһԾĿУʥìȻĲüģֱû
ɫԽ˳ʥìҲʵر۾ӴҷƬ̣Ϣʧ
Ұջʥì˳ֽǻɫУʥеĺƴʥӵСӳף
٣ϴ·һ˶ԼʥڷҰЦƵģĲѡ
ѩܷܷСڶе㶣е޷ŵӣ·Ͼϸ˴ԣõмʥǶоƵġ
ʱԼƷԶ˹̧ͷȥͼӰٵĴԶ˹
Ұþɨ˹ȥȴδܹǵľΪֻܿһƬʣطˣҰ͸ϢҲƶϸࡣ
ǰǸϲ֮͸ϢȴڵǿߣӦǸʦԲʿ
걳ĸӣǿߣӦöǴڣһʿԲ
ңǸͷһɫӣ沼һſŵˮ飬͸һɾˮϵǸԲʿͷҲһŰɫɢһѹ
ʥ
˵ϢǿֲֻȶϢɢңǾһսӡ
ҰаԾȣЩһӦþǴԵЩˣǵΪ̫ǿܹԲ˵ôأһǸӵʥĴҲ˲ر
ʥȻ˷ҰУǾԲٽȥģңԵʬ壬ҰҲŹ
ĹؾΨҵõ˾ҵģ˭ȭͷ˭ǶԵģ
û£
Ұŵʥɫ䣬˵ֱ̧죬ָͷĺɫһӡ
ɫ𶯣ɢһɵĺڹ⣬תŨˮϵֱŷҰ˹ӭΪɽСŷҰͷ¡
ҰЦһеĵʥ߾٣һɰԾĵâӵƵһʥֱӽɫ˳ȥ
׵磬ҰܹӳʥǿʱõϤĵʥν绢
Сˢһ³ڷҰԱߣɫƵĶŶļˣЦ㣬һԲͳ͵Ϯ𣿡
ջغɫӣĶŷҰеĵʥŭȳСӣرŽԴ˴ǵʤʵǣǲŸ
ʱȫ񶼱ҰеǱʥסˣûע⵽Ұ˵ò
ĸǿ߶ŷҰһ˻ÿ϶͸һӴƣεҰˡ
ҰǰһĿȻԲĴ޷֮նɱû£ֻ֪һ飬ڹʥпԣɱԣԵһжңһϵûУ
ķζըˣɫһƬŷҰɱڡ
Ȼϳ˷Ұ˵ͫ΢ɼѿѯʵǷҰ
оǰи˿ЩϤϳѩѩܷܷ˵Сڻ̬֮δȴҲܸܵСǰ
Ҳ뵽һϣԷҰҲЩӡ΢һ룬Ͳ²߰˳ɣǺǷҰֻСèܹεޣҲѾﵽ硣
ҲΪСڻεԭ򣬲õտʼʱδϳҰʱϸۿͽҰֱӵˡ
Ұ΢΢һĿٴϣеЩϤȴǵԱҾǷҰ˭
ɫ΢䣬Ҳ뵽һϣǸʿͷǱŰɫǴӹ㺮칬еõġ
뵱ҰǻûͻƵʱ򣬾ܹڶ೬жò¹֦Ӧ
Ҫǣڹ㺮칬ǡü˷Ұ̫ħһĻַ񾢶ȻľģʵڲҰһ˶ϡ
ǷѾţ֮ŽشȴҰ©˼Ҳе쳣ıô͸ҰҲʲ
˫ȭգһѹסеŭ½崫˼ƴشģϣλԭ
壿Ұ΢΢üͷ
ҰҲЩӡ½еһ˵˵µĵͳ
˼ô˵ҰˣһθϵµʱЩ˾ϣ塢Լһͥ
ҰΪδǵĲ£Ͳ˼Э
ҰķӦ˶΢΢˿ǿ㷽ҰôҲҸ˵࿹⣬ΪҰʱʮа˾Ż
ˣӰǵõǱʥʬ壬뽻壬üλѸֵò졣˼ǸԲʿЦ˵˳ȴ͸һв̡
ҰŨü΢Ϸһ˿ЦǿƵĵ˼ˣ˭ɱ˾˭ģնɱԵжҵģѹңҿɲһף
Ұ˵ţüƮɢƬľԵʬסŲƵƿռ֮С
ǧɳʧڲУǴûгֹƵģֻɽּ仹һЩӴѹĺۼ
˶ɫ࣬Ŀ˼ҧгݵĵҰ̫Ȼ㲻ѣǾͱĺˣϣɱǣ
˼ŭһͷĺɫӿٵĳһɺɫƶʥƮɶڲϻһƬƣס˰ա
꣡
һں㻩Ĵÿһж̺һ־ˮϵһǿҵĸʴԣҰ˾ڡ
Ұ΢΢ЩȻɫӦþر˼Ĺศɣ˼ļܹӳӾ޴
˼δͻƵ磬Ұ侪ңеĵʥ趯ͷһƬɫĹĻӰ֯ɢһɳҵϢپ
ǵ㻹δ£ͱʥĹĻճޣ


400 ѹ
˼ͷҰĶ֣˼ĴҲͬʱˡ
˹һʥƵնһĿռѷ죬Ұ˾ڡ
ǶֵʱѩܷܷҲ
ﬣ
˪ӰʣɫĽµ˪ƣ񷶼˿˿ѷ죬ЯһɰǱŰɫʥײ˹ȥ
ѩܷܷ޷ӳ˪Ӱ˪ӰΪѹʥ׾ٵġ

һ̶Ľײ𣬺˪ӰŰɫʥٷֿ
Ĵͬʱһʥǵ״̬۷ʱڣӳҲѩܷܷӲģ˪Ӱ˳ȥ
Ǻ˪ӰϾǱĴʵѹסҲǱŰɫĹ⻪
ţſ³һ߲㱦𣬴ӱײԴ˷˳Ȼɫ𵴳ȵʥǱʥȥ
߲㱦ǻӹ㺮칬жģ⻹ǵһζãʥ졣
ǸԲʿһȫŰɫʥնѿѷ죬߲㱦˳
ߣ˭ˣŭһ׹ʥ֣Χֳһ޵ӰһһǰİԵƣȻǱŰɫʥ档
飡
Űɫʥҷ˳ȥĹ⻪ٴһЩܵǣǸԲʿɫ԰ףǾŭ
ʱСҲˣֽ̧Ǭͼ˳ȥһصĴǬͼкƵ񷣬γһƬǱʥС
СҲóһʥǸʿɫ쳣ѿ֮뵽ǱŰɫʥ֮УõŰɫʥϵĹâٴ
ʿŭȵڵļһҲסҵıҿ
Űɫʥɢʵʵʥ⣬ҫ۾ǿнǬͼķͻƣյĳ˳ȥҲõĴɫҰףϢɢҡ
Ǳ͸ԴսһϵΪֻʣĳɣǿΪ˴սϵôʥ
Ǳ˪Ӱȥžͱ߲㱦˲ܣ׹ʥ˵˽ֱǬͼȥ˲ܣŰɫʥܶľˡ
ŰɫʥոճǬͼʱ򣬾ͼС¶һĨЦ⣬˫һգѩսУʥ
սСڹ㺮칬еõ˫ʱ˳˵
Уʿɫ䣬жһ˿Ȼ
СչһЦڼк㣬˫ȴ͸һɷ
˫ֶսƵķɿתţʥңԵնŰɫʥϡ
ﬣ
ŰɫһĹ⻪׵һû뵽ʿڡ
ʿ۵һѪǿߵɫҲ쳣ѿ
ǶݺݵҧҧԶط似ѩܷܷ˲
ļ˶е쳣ıƴŶһʥû뵽Էʥȴһһ˳ѹǸûлֵĻᣬΪǿҲûã
ǷѾţ֮شԣԵǱɫȴ˱УѪ
Ǵս쳣ҵʱ򣬷Ұ˼ĴսҲֳʤˡ
˼δͻƵ磬ʹõɫֽǳʥһʼͱҰѹŴ
ҰΪ˼һõľƹ񼶹ʥǸмʥռݶ෽ƣ˼û˿Ļ֮

ʥնʥ棬һĺƴ죬ʥ˳ȥ
˼ɫͷʥӾתţ˿˿Ƶĺɫ⻪˼ڡ
˼ٵĴԶսսɨһ£ɫѿ
ڣʶ˷Ұ˵˵״̬ˣǶ۷״̬ϷҰ˵ĻҲһܹռκƣ
ס֣˼˳
˼ĴȣԶڽսʿ˶ֹͣеĹ˵˼ܣصŶķҰˡ
һδս˿ϷûռͷβѹŴǱָ֮еȻ
˼˫ްĹâӷҰһһɨ촽ЦշģݣɽתˮתҼˣԻֻظߣ
Ȼ˼ĵ׷ǳĲģҲףҪսĻԼ˻ύҰħ޾壬Ҷ֡
˼ŷҰһˣĴڿն𣬾ҰˣԶŶȥ
ҰŨü΢壬ѩܷܷСڶŷҰֻҪҰһ£ǾͻԥĶõƣȫ
Ұһδȥķ򣬲δ
ںĳͻǶᱦĳͻ㲻ʲôޣҲвʥģһ࣬һ٣˾ˡ
ǣĽ崫˻Ĵ˵ĻɾĲˣҰʱߵһ
ϴ󣬾ôˣǲİ뽫һõԴ鲻ţ׹ʥ߲㱦
ҰЦСӾ֪ɣô˵ҲĶƾЩӦûڸ峹ֽɱˣǿɾǲݵľˣΪǵ棬Ȼ׷ɱҵȡңħٽ֣һָܹħĲأɲܾôɱˡ
ѩܷܷ΢΢ףСҲٶԣҲôࡣҰ˵Ǿʹ򣬷Ұ˵ˣǾͷˡ
õԵӴʬõһмʥҰиеǳ⣬ڤڤ֮е֮Ұгڴ
ħڣҰ֮ԽԽǿھѾ·ˣԺʲô
ҰлЩ²⣬ȻĴ˶ܹŵ֮ǵ֮ǿˣҲܹǿŵ֮
ҰԼ֮ǿˣǷҲõ÷ҵ֮ǿֻǿʲôزأҰַʲô仯
ҰˣԽ뵽ңԽȥ
ҰƮԶǴ˻ɽķңЦ߰ɣһ𷵻ص콾УȻѩһ𣬻ؼң
ŶؼඣǵĺƾʣʮˣȥЩǷˣ黶촽һεӡ
ƷҰߣõĺнٽ󲿷ֶչصʱСһ͵ˣֻʣʮˡٱչһεĻ˵ͱ͵һûˡ
Ұһ˿ٵ콾ڵķ˹ȥԶ£ж˵ҲֻҪעеΣա


401 ط콾
飡
һӽһͷĺɫħҷɣͷħڰз£ųԶԶ˳ȥƬ̶ͣ
һ·Ҳ˼޵Ĺ߽ˣܵ͸ǿϢЩҲҸӲƴԶԶ˹ȥ
Ұ;ʯͳչصĵطרȥ£δǵӰѳأ֪Ƿ콾ˣǵԵȥˡ
ÿ˶Լ·ҪߣҰδѰǵ䣬ЩʯתƵƿռ֮󣬷Ұһٴ콾˹ȥ
ңԶҰͼͨ콾Ǹ޴ţҲ˲ǴŸ˹ȥ
Ұеǣ콾ǴŷԲ￪⣬ܹϡӦϢһвٵӡ
콾֮ڣûκǿڣ콾ĽоİػǾŴǿҲ
ϸӦ֮£Ұ¶һĨȵɫĸо콾ǴŸʮǳһɰ޷ȻǾϢ
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콾Ϊλùؿ콾Ӷ޷𣿡иòӢʿüѯʡ
һߴӢΰЦŽ˵ѻ֪콾ӶеǼǣֻҪ֣ȷ콾ӣͿֱӽ롣ֹؿǶ콾ʿõģ콾˽С
Ұ΢΢üͷǰû뵽һ磬ڿѩܷܷҪ뵽콾УЩ鷳ӡ
ͻСȻûκ⣬ѩܷܷȴ콾ĵӣѵûа취
ǸòӢʿҲ뷽Ұͬɻ󣬵ѯ˳ô˵Ļǲʿ޷뵽콾֮ˣ
ߴӢΰйâէէ֣͸һŰȻϢĵҲ콾µؿΪ˷ֹħУԾŴеŴеֻҪҲɳΪ콾ӣȻԽС
Ŷ˼콾ʱȻյӲɣҪЩУոǸӢʳĵ׵ɻ
ҰҲڲ˺֪ٵӣҲȷҪ֪콾Щνʲôѩܷܷ콾ӣҪ콾УҪ˽Щ
Ц˵콾ʵҲѡʮڣﵽߣֱӼ롣ϵ塢ߣҲֱӼ롣컯ߣֱӼ룡ȻҪײУ콾Ҳħȥˡ
˵ѵʱɽϵʿ΢΢˿껰˵꣬󲿷˶ɵõһҲвѣ
ʮ֮ǰﵽ磬ǱȻ׿ľˣһ飬ؼܹôܹ࣬飬콾ȻὫơ
Ұ˿ѩܷܷ񻹲ʮ꣬Ѿﵽ磬ȫϵһˡңѩܷܷ˪ӰҲȫϡѩܷܷǷ⣬ҰҲûʹѩܷܷҲδ
ѩܷܷó˪ӰͿ֤ˣѩ崫ˣ׵ĺܡ
ѩܷܷҲ¶һĨɵЦ⣬׾ܹ뵽콾֮УҲʡȴ˲鷳¡
˵֮չƵĳ𣬴Ц콾ķ˹ȥ
ӽ콾ʮʱ򣬶Ȼ콾Ǿ޴Żдһۻĺߺˣ
а½Ӣڣ񣡡Ȼ˿ͣĽ뵽˾޴ŵʮ֮ڡ
ʲôԭȻӢڣĴˣ˶
ҰҲ΢΢ЩȣĹǵõϽޣ˷ͷرһˣӢڣҲǸ
иĴδа½ĴĴ˵ȷЩŵ˵һЩ˶ѹȥ
Ŀ֮У뵽˾ֵķΧ֮Уսȥʮ񱳺͵һƬبŲɣֻаɴСȴǿ磬һ˰֮
֮һóϢǾʧһ㣬ٵû뵽Ǿ޴֮С
˽УҲĴﵽʿʼŴֱ뵽֮С
յӲøֹؿգֱгֱܽˢȥҲ˴˴ǰ˶콾ߴ˵ľӢӡ
Ұѩܷܷһۣ΢΢˵ͷŻСڣһž޴Ŵ˹ȥ
룬˲Ϣ֮Уûκε޴ڣһЩ콾˳ȥЩΪµǲȥ͸Ϣ̫ǿˣͲǿԳܵģ´˴ûκ޴ڡ
תۼ䣬Ұһ˾͵˾ķΧ֮ڣҰԸܵһɺƴһĪ
ʱɢϢԶǰϢҪǿʢö࣬һɽѹ˵ͷ
ʱɢƣҪϵϻħʮʱˣȺۡ
ߺˣǸۻٴ
Ұ
飡
񣡡
Ұ˷ֱ֣СڱǺ֣ٿžȻϳǣϵǹʧ
ѩܷܷδԼ֣ǹ֮ʱֳһƬѩ׷ɵתһɺƴ֮
֮һǹȻʧѩܷܷڷҰԱߣû뵽Ǿ޴֮С
ٴν뵽콾֮Уɫľ÷Ұһֻĸоһ˹ʥ֮У飬Ҳõ˲ٵջ
ҰаԸпв顣
ɽŸǧ̾񷣬һɽСľŲɢһɺƴãȻǾ
ʥоħ壬һж콾ҲӣҲֻоܹס档
޴Ŀɨ˷ҰһһۣӹһĨ𾪡
ܳʱˣǵһμ˻ŨɷóҰڹʥоûɱˣ
㷽ҰնɱıߣʱضţȻһëȻĸо
ֻǸڵޣȫʢʱڵҲǷҰеģ콾ֵĳУսԶǱ߿Աġ
زδڷҰͣٴαĿӴϼڣڰУ֪˯


402 ˵
ɽŸʮλǿһףŭӦǸۻˡ
ҰҲʶеĺüˣѾԿ϶Щ˶콾ĳϡ
Ұ˵һӳӭ
ֻʮ꣬˫ĿӢѡ
ҰԴ˵Щӡڸոս뵽콾ʱ򣬵һڴɽǴڽ
˵ҰͻƵʦ磬Ҳڴ˵ĽҰԴ˻Ǻкøеġ
иǿˣõԼڱʱ״̬ڵľŻὥĳ̬
˿ȻǸʮ꣬ʵѾﵽʮ꣬ߡ
ӢҰ˵ʱĿҲɵ¶һ˿ε𾪡
ڷҰҲЩӡ󣬼ǵ߰˸ǰҰ˸ոս콾ʱ򣬻δͻƵʦ磬Բ硣
Ȼȫ׵磬һŵĸо
߰˸¿Խ󾳽磬ٶȣֱ͸һ
Ӣһѹе𾪣ɫɲƽЦϲλ𾳽ˣٶȣҺհ
ҰЦɳϿ佱ҲһЩˡ
ҰȻ˽˺üΣȴ֪˵֣ʱֻԳơ
ӢҡͷпʱҲʵһ֣
˵Ӣͣ£ּΪѾʸΪ콾ϡλĻǰ󷽰ﴦĵеǼ£ͿֱӳΪ콾ϡȻλĻɼ콾Уֱʮ
Ұ˵ͷȻһ뷽ңҲ뱻ְλʱû콾ְĴ㡣
ӢҲǿҰ˵ͷȫƾԸˣλݣǻҪʵ¡ҪᣬҲΪ˷ֹħ
ҰĿתѩܷܷѯ˼
ѩܷܷ˵ͷĵޱ嫺ѩ壬ѩܷܷ
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ѩܷܷɫĮԼѩľüиֳһѩӡǣԽԽ
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ѩܷܷüĵѩӡǣӢ˿ͷˣλԱɡ
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ӢʲôȻŷҰˣºǾʱ䣬ãʱĻȥһ
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Ҫص½ķңҲҪξС
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Ӿ߳ѩܷܷҲʱһȵɫʣҰһ·ϸѩܷܷ˵콾һУѩܷܷһִ۽ĸо
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ѩܷܷѩһ˵зȨ콾ĵ̣ѩܷܷﲻѡ
ҰΪȻĵ˵ͷ콾ɲ⣬ҽ˵Ѿ߰˸µʱˣ콾ĵ̻˿͸Կ϶ǣ콾бȻʥݷ
ѩܷܷܹ޾µ϶֣֮ȴɼͦ˹ÿһԼĵƣӦΣĵơѩ˵ȻѩѾˣǱƵԷһʥͣѩҲӦǵ̣
Ұ΢ʥͶ޾壬⻹û£˵ĵ̣Ȼ
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գҰѩܷܷص컯ɽ֮У÷ҰЩǣȻֽһĹֵ컯ɽ˲ѩܷܷҲ뵽컯ɽ֮С
Ұδ컯ɽϹƣֱӷصԼס
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Ұɫ΢΢ȣõһȪ;úˣû뵽ѩ֮оȻ֮࣡
˵Խ˽Խ˸еɲⰡ
ѩܷܷ˵ȪЧҰ΢ùһЩЦȪɲһȪһҺǿƶһεҺȪ֮жһ޶Ȫ
ѩܷܷŷҰתƶ޾£ǾŵҺ𣿡
Ұ΢ѩܷܷ˵Ļֿܡƶ֮ʱͳˣҺһεĻҲ֪Ѿ˶ٵˣҺñ棬˭ұ֤֮оûҺˣ
뵽ҰаԸ̾ޱߣеı޾иǿɾԵСöˣֱֵһᡣ
Ȫ֮ΨһһȪҰҲˡ
·һһߵģһӸʮȪܹյҲޣҲû취һ졣
ûĸտʼǴ˵Ҳһչġ
ҰţܹģҲһܹ
ʱڴ˴ѩܷܷռһʯңСռһʯңռһʯңһǷҰԼġ
ҰлؼҵĴ㣬ҲϾҪߣҪڵΪȶ˵
Ǽ˶ǸոͻƵûãҲȷҪʱΪ˳Ϥ֮á
ڷҰ֮ǰ϶Ҫŷѩһġ
ңҰҲҪ֪ͨ³죬Ƿ᷵½ҲȥĻǲһȥ
ҰҲ̫ͣõʱ䣬ħټ٣֮˿ɱܣҲһ÷ҵʵ
ºǾʱ䣬ҰдһУ÷ѩ죬Ϊ½Щ׼
ȵ˾뿪ʱˡ


403 
컯ɽ˵ǿ콾Сʱ򣬴ӻзֵһ鱦أ뵵Ĵи̺һ˿رԴкľѳ
ﵽ磬֮ͿԽеתֱӱգӶתԼΪ
컯ɽеȫ趯֮ͿԱգֱתΪǳʺС
컯ɽ죬ȪڣŨˮǱޣֵдģбصĺô
ʱǱޣҰȫΪȹ磬֮ҲǳϤˣҰǰС÷ѩڵȣҲǸ׼׼ȥˡ
ҰҪȥѰҷѩѩܷܷҲʾҪһ棬ҰȻû
ҰȪ𣬴ŻСһڵķ˹ȥ
ȣ滨ݱأ֥Ʈ㣬ڣǰûʲôı仯
Ұһ˾ȵĳڣҰϹһ˿ЦݣȻӷҰˣ
ҰƵᣬȴ쳣Ĵ뵽УǿɵĴƵġ
ʱͼһϼӹգһʮ߰ŮڰУ𪾧ӨޱߣһɾϢȻ
Ƿѩ
磡ѩϲĽгӰڰйιһ磬Ͷ뵽ҰĻ֮С
ѩܷܷԣҰΣһֻķѩ磬һֳֻĹ·ѩǣЦŵѩң㶼˴ˣôҲ±Ц
ŷѩ͸ϢҰѾȷѩȻͻƵ磬ѾΪȹƾ⼸֮ͻƲȹ̵ġ
ѩ鲻Ըɿ˷Ұ˵ЩʲôĿٵתƵ˷ҰԱߵѩܷܷϣӹһĨɵɫ
ѩܷܷǺЦ־ǧ֮ʧһ崺ĸо촽ǳЦѩܷܷλؾѩˣǹɫ㣡
ѩܷܷѩɵظһ䣬б¶һ˿Ȥɫ׷ʵҸʲôϵ
Ұ¶һ˿ɫŷѩüŪۣЦѩδɩӣ
ѩܷܷɫ΢죬ˮŷҰϲδ
ɩӺãҸ绹ͦ͵ģ治֪ôƯɩӣѩĵߵѩܷܷߣߴߴ˵ţѩܷܷ֡
壡
ˮ壡
ŮһʱŮͬʱԵɴŶԷжһ˿𾪡
Ұɫ΢Ҳ״ε֪ѩܷܷˮ壬жЩȡ
ޱߣв콾ϡʣҶϵ塢ңľ̫Լѩܷܷˮ塣
ӵʵˣ׽ĳִֻҪɳȻǿѹķ
֮ͬУ޵У
ʱʣǧ궼һܳһ˷ԭЩӵʵ˿ʼһð˳
ѩ壬ȴǷҰҺƷѩ缲ʱ͵ģκʡ
ǿ߱ĺ嫴֮УʵǿȻռžԵƣҲҪ˸Ũ
ɱʵˣٻܵ˵е֮ĸţô׾Ϳɱġ
֮䶼иӦѩѩܷܷʶʣ˫һ͸Ӧ˳ſڵ˶Է
ҰҲΪǸеǳĸˣԼֻǸͨˣȴ١ģһ鷲壬Ҳ԰ڶ콾
Ů֪ԷҲʣٴһ׽С
Сһǰ϶ѻһΪÿЦݣҽܵѩãǺ񣬲֪㻹ǲǵң
񣿡ѩгɻӡ֮Уɲǵ˭ǽкġ
Ұ¶һ˿εɫû˵ϵĻͿˣѩãֻڲ౵èһʶʲôҲǸ̿ͷ
Сں޵ԻŭĿӡ
һ⣬⳯Сڼ˼۾ֻ
ҰְסСڵļŤͷŻһۣЦŵСڣǸʲôԼԼķš
ѩ¶һ˿ȣü΢ȻСڣͻƳΪˣ
СЦ˳Ƿĵǰѩ㿴ڶܻˣ
һĵٵɪ㣬ͻƵ˵ĺǶƵģûϢ
ѩܷܷſʼϸˣһѩܷܷԽԽ𾪣βŻع㶵ŷҰ߽ĵ磬ȫͻƵ磿׳ʲô鵤ҩ
Ұ෽ѩ㷢Цгʲô鵤ҩһģεĹʥ֮ҲջĶࡣȻĻҲ޷ôͻƵ硣
ѩҡͷ̾ϢûڵĵʥҲʦ˵ϧڱչأ˹ʥĿĺö˸ˡ
ҰЦûϵʥδرգȥĻʱȥңϸҲõ˲ٺöúÿеĶģ
ѩЦ绨ҡͷǹʥѾôãкöҲֲˡϸϸ˵ĺöǾͿ϶Ǻöҿɲ
ҰЦݣ˫һ»ʥƿԸУֵ˹ȥЦڹʥõģȥɡ
ʲôʥʱӰ⣬ǡü˷ҰóʥһĻʧ˳
ͷɫ޷裬һƯֻǸѩܷܷͷѩһȣԵЩͨˡ
𾪵ŷҰĲţʶϢ㾹ȻͻƵˣôܣ
һμҰڻɽʱķҰǸߡҰ˵ҪԴ콾ûôϡ
ٴŷҰϢʱ򣬷ҰѾǿƵĴ뵽콾֮Уһ콾ϵһˣ׵߸ۣ״ʶ˷ҰǱ֮޴
ڶμҰ˵ʱ򣬷ҰѾ׵ʦˣѾڸĴˡ
ϷҰҰȴѾͻƵ磬Ҳ಻ԶˣֱóʥˣһΰĲʵУһжġ
ԽڣҪǰһԽѣڹʥ֮ǰҰŽʦڣʥһУֱӿԽһ󾳽磬ٶȣֱ˼
ңԿ϶ҰóʥЩȱʥ𾪡
ǿʥɲʲôײˣʥÿһӵźƴ֮ҲɳΪ֮綼ӵУ
ʱȴҰ˳һһ־ܲ
ʥʲôʱôձˣ


404 
Ұóʥе𾪣ĸԶ־óʥ˵Ұϻʥ
ѵڹʥ֮УʥǴײһձΪû˵콾Ҳõüʥ
ңҰǸոͻƵûãȴϸܵһΣյϢ
һѹĵ׵𾪣вòһʵ
õʥҲɣҰҲ֪˶ŬŵõҰܹõ֤콾Ӹǿ
СѾɳһͷϿչᲫ죬¿ɷα̺ЩĴˣ
𾪵ʱ򣬷ҰϵϢҲӦľΪӦڣδͻƵԲľ硣
ΪǰܹҰ񣬾㲻þϵħ񣬷ҰҲĿսʤ֮
ľ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥҰϹһ˿Цݣƽĵǰ
Ұ粢ûʲôøУС÷ѩչ˺ܵķϣŽһǰȻĻҰ
ûƵģŷҰݹȥʥǲŵɫ·ʯһ㡣
ѩ峺Ҳ𾪣æ磬޵콾ĵߵо壬ʱҪЩ㻹Լȥɡ
ѩҲ֪ʥļֵʥĺôķҰʥ֮Լûжˣæƴš
Ұ컯飬δü߷ѩѩҲ絽жֲ
Ұֱӽʥ˷ѩУЦţʥãȴＰҪŰɣһʥ
ѩƿ»ʥϻЩôŵɫɵ磬㲻ƭҰɣʥɲʲôͨıӵУôỹУ
ԶĿȻֻ²⣬ʱҰԼʥȻеš
ѩĵӣҰҲΣһսìУ͸һĺƴʥ·Խ춼ͱһ
ŷҰеʥì˿죬ǱҰǲˡ
ʱҰǸ߾С񣬼ȥѾ׷Ĳ෽棬ԼҲ̾磬컯Ū˰
ҰʥѩŽʥӡԼľ뵽ڣ¶һ˿ĵЦݣЦϸҾͲŶ
ҰЦϸ绹ʲôȥˣ
ѩܷܷЦݣ촽ǳЦѩÿɲøҲ͵ģԼѣɲС
ǳˣҰǵһͳʥ
ǰƽݵ꣬зһ˿İУ⻹ǵǸ߾С
ʮӶʮǳ仰ˡ
Žʱ䣬ǸһǴѾ͸ˡ뵽ԼҰֲм͸е쳣ĲʲôʸЦ˼ң
꣬ǳ޿ܣϣҲԳɳΪ
̾˿λҲ˵ˣһȥɡ
Ұҡҡͷƽĵǰĺ⣬ˡǰҲӦ֪ħϢҪعһˣΪӭħЩ׼Ҫѩһȥ
ϲû̫ĳԾȻħҲţֻĿⲻŷѩ̾ħҲȷҪЩ׼ˣѩԸ㷵طңҲᷴԡ
ѩӹһ˿ȣз·ʫϣʵħ壿ʲôħ壿ô¶
ѩлЩɻ֪½лӡһħӦþ͸˵ʲôħйأȴԴ˲˽⡣
ħϢŸոմûã绹δйħ֪ѩѩħ廹һ֪
£ҰͽйħһЩ֪˷ѩѩɫҲһЩħ壬ʹӦҪŷҰһ𷵻طҡ
ħȻ֣֪ʱͻȫٵ֮УǴ˵ҲлҷΣգʱ򣬷ѩҲԷҲܲʡ
ŷҰ˾뿪˴Ҳʾ⣬ͬ÷ѩŷҰȥʮ׷ѩ
ڷѩͽܣ绹кĸģҲķѩʲôΣգרŸѩ˼׷
Ұ׷ٽ֪׷ͼֵһͳʮ׷֤ԷѩǺܹĵģ÷ҰҲһֺøС
ҰֳӲС÷ѩãҰȻԿ΢˼һҰһװȪƿ˹ȥƽĵЩлǰѩչˣõһЩȪЩ͸ǰˣǰЩô
ѩʦչӦõģ˵񡭡ʲôȪ籾ҪģҰ˵Ȫֱӵɴ۾Ҳ˵ƴǵĻˡ
콾糣ڴ˴УҲ˵ȪϢ֪Ȫļֵڹؼʱ̾һ
Ȫ綼ɵð˿ҺǾﰡôƳȥĻһӵģ
ӹȪƿǶһ£æ˸ӣϲĵȻȪ̫ҵԤˣﶼܹõҵȷСˡ
ҰЦǰ飬ͲҪˣȥ֮ǰҪЩ׼ʹ˸ˡ
翴ŷѩĵ֮󣬳Ϊʦϣһ·ƽ
ʦҲҪౣ壡ѩ᳣ģѩҲ˲ᣬʦһ꣬Ȼ뿪Щ᲻á
˵ͷתͷŷҰеչ˺ѩ
Ұ˷ۣߵãҵȻչ˺Ͳˣ
Ұһȥڻؼ֮ǰҰЩ׼ֱӴ˽뵽챦̻ڵĵط
ҰϻжʮĹֵЩֵҲûκεãҪЩֵһɸֲϻ龧
챦̻ε˰죬ҰõʥϣʮƷ鵤ƲϣԼǧϡҩӣһöϾ
󣬽ʣһĹֵ뿪콾ÿ˻ҪһǧֵҰר뿪Ĺֵ


405 ׺ʧ
뿪콾ҰһЩصϢ
ʮδַʽ뿪콾һϽһǧֵȥֻ֮ҪʮδͿʱһǲҪκιֵ뿪֮൱ڳ콾ʮδҲ޷ٴνС
һǧֵԷҰ˵ûʲôҰȻҪѡһַʽ
콾ǸʥأҰʱûг콾Ĵ㡣
뿪챦̻ᣬҰһֱ׷˹ȥڷҰ뵽ʥʱ򣬳׷бչأҲ֪Ƿˡ
ϣǴޱ׺õ˺٣һڲͬе·ȴ֪ھˡ
ڸ׷;УҰ׼С̹ԼıɲСΪԼġ
ҰһЦеĵѩϸЩҪ㣬ϣ֮Ҫȡ
ѩɵŷҰôʥ㻹жҰϽʵ
ҰȻһЦǰ㣬Ϊʵ±˵ǡڲͬˣǶԱ֮Ǳ֪Ҳû̫⡣
磬ͱˣʲô˵ɣѩҡŷҰĸ첲һ
ҰͷҲˣʥ֮⣬ϻʥʮȱʥʥҩ
Ұû˵꣬ѩ;ȵŴͣЩŵĵʥȱʥʮʥҩģҲΰɣ
Ұ෽ѩͷЦȻΣϸ˵갡ϻ컯еĴʵеľɫƶҲϣԼһЩıѽѩȫûҪϸ絣ģϸĵƲ٣ûô׾͹ˡ
Ұ˻ڣѩ˲ʯʶ컯飬һе֮磬ôô
ҰЦΪ簡
ѩһͻعг˷ܣĵҸ磬ȻһǷҲлøǿˣ
Ұæ컯̫ҪǧҪ߱ˣǷӵܣҲҪ͸¶ǡһ˭й¶ȥˣҶпܻ⵽֣֮
ˣѩæĵͷϹ⻪䣬쳣
Ұٴζһȷѩй¶ȥա
ʱУѩѯ˷ҰڹʥеҰԼľһһ֪˷ѩ
ħٽҰ÷ѩ֪ĲпᣬԿͽԼľԭԭĸ֪δܹЩյľ
ѩþԾȻԼĸֵʱ򣬸޲ھͰԸˡ
һ·ҰԼľ˷ѩ͵Ϯ߽ףħͥӡԶţսȵȣҰЩʾ÷ѩźԼûвȥ
˵ĵʱ򣬷Ұһ˽뵽׷֮С
׷е׵һƬƬĺؽƣһ׵ڽ˸ŹؼХŰ
ѩܷܷת̾þϵϵڴУضԽٶڴ˵֮УҲһѵõбأ⻹ʮ֮һ콾ĵ̣Ȼ񣡡
ֵط˵оеģҪ֮зֵطȻô֮ʿǿдܹͨͨɳֵط
ֵطľ巽λû֪ˡ֮УҲؿһС磬п֮С
ҪѰǲܵ顣
ҰԴ˻˽ģ֮󳬺󣬾һ飬Ҳû취߱磬طδ֪׷֮һ
ǶѾ磬ΧڶҲ޷κεǣڶ֮Уܿ͸ϵ˳չصĵط
ոյ˵طҰͻСڶסˡ
СǰտҲĺ嫴أ΢ţϳŵɫ૵ǳСӱչصĵطƬ׺أȥˣ
Ұı˿СǿȥɻĿǰֿΧϻЩŵӡ
ҲСͬɻǵڴ˴չصģһƬ׵һ۶ͷҰ㡣
ڣһƬ׵ȫʧӰ٣û˿ĺۼ
Ұе𾪵ĵطôһƬ׺ô˵ʧʧˣںη
Ұгɻ뵽ֱʱȻ΢²˵õ˺٣˵ҪЩòᶼ˰ɣ
СںͻԣȻҲԼ
ֻǣôȫڣǸ޷治֪ôġ
ҰܸӦ£ٵһɽǰӦ˳Ϣ
ɽͰ޾֮ڣɽ屻׵ĻΪɽϣҰ˳ԣؿѸǰʥһΣ
ҰɵһЦ벻ǼһҲǰʥˣȴûм˾ôˣź
ã֪˳ƾϢҰٷ
֪˳Ϣ֮󣬷Ұа̾һ޷Լһȥˣǲ֪ںη
Ұһ˴׷˳ҪѰ䡣
ٲڽʥ֮ǰҰѰҹϧȴδҵֻ֪뵽ʥսѪ֮С
ʱ򣬷ҰȻȸǱɽȥ̽£ѯ˼ס츽콾֮󣬶ҲЩüĿˡ
ʥսѪһΣĸ콾Ӷһս֮նԷˣһ·׷ɱһȥˣ˵׷콾䲻
Ұ֮ɱ֣ɱ죬е쳣ķŭ
һ̽Ұڵ֪˶ֵЩ˵Ƕɷеɷ˸ģ
ȥ׷ɱˣǸ裡
ɷûдڵıҪˣҰ䣬ɱݡ
Ұٴδ̽һ֪ˮɷ˺岢δֻиԼ棬˼ʦڵǿ߽ɱ죬ȴʵ쾡ɱһ·׷Ÿ콾
ɷУҰ͸ľˮɷ˺壬ҰһֱҲûֻ֣˵ҹңսĲ¡
Ұҹң֣֪ҹңʵȻʵҹңҲǸѲĽɫ
Ǹ裬Ұûôϡ
Ѿ֣Ѳ岻֣زǷҰԸ񣬸Ѿ콾ҰȽն˵


406 
˽ɱ죬÷Ұе쳣ķŭ¾ɷɱҡ֮С
ʱɫҰһǱɽ˸˵ĸ¥סһ
ڶһ磬Ұһ˾Ʈ¥֮Уʱ˻࣬ҰҪ˸ŴıԺ
ڱԺ֮У󷨻ֹ֣˴⴫ҲԸе潻̸ؼεԡ
ҪϢƮ¥ѵص㣬˴콾ϢĵطǸйʿ콾ְԱϲȾ죬콾κη紵ݶ˴֪
ҰҪ̽䣬Ҫ֪Ե䣬ԴеĸڹʥнɱҰɲǡ
֪Ե䣬Ұѣ
Ʈ¥дһʱ䣬Ʈ¥еʿҲԽԽأҰ˲ٵĽ̸
ʥǲҰе콾Ѿİˣ콾ʮеĻ롢ȨԵҲȫˡ˳̾
˽ӿڵʮ֣ȻĻˡǰӦɻһҶȫ˷ҰУȨԵͻҲˣʮֽʣġ˵¬ͻƵ磬콾ĳϣƷɺͶ¾裬Ƿص֮СʮֵʱѾȥˡ
ҰаȣúܣԼɱ벻ʮеҲ档
ʥ֮жδޣ̺˼ΣգоŴеǿ߽Уǿߣ콾ڶ˵ʹˣкܴһ˶˹ʥ֮С
κεطΣģЩ˵Ұû̫ĸд·Լѡģֲñˡ
ڹʥ֮УУŴУ滹ޣҪɲô׵飡ո˸п
һߵֻΣգûпĻѾ컯ͥиǳ˺üʮʥʥĶԼһЩʥĺۼȵȣνһ󱦵ذûˣȫ˲Сͻƣ
컯飬ʥͶʥ֮ҲڹʥоȻ˶һֲʵĸо
ǰסҵסݺǰѹŴǰ뵽˹ʥһ£ٳӲһС磬ŰҸƵģûˣһ˷߷߲ƽĸ̾
˵ͥʱúüˣһЩҲˣħ黯ˣ󰡣˾
κйص۶˲޾룬˵鶯ˣκ˶евʵĸоԶĴ˵Ƶġ
飬ǶǸ߸ϵѾȼ𣬲УĿԺˣ˵飬Ҳžη飬±ȥһ㡣
ɽĴ˾ͽ뵽֮ͥУҲһЩǱڤǹļ֡ڵ̡ͥӣħʮҲкüϽںĹϣͼڻĻϣ˪ӰѩѩܷܷϣڷҰֻСèϣ̨Ҳˣڹ㺮칬֮У˵õиۼ֤˹ʥеĴսƵģ˵ͷͷǵ
컯Ƿ֪Ǳ˭ȥʳĵ׵ɻ
ҡͷ˵֪һһӿڵй컯飬ҵ֪һ߹ĻӦڷҰϡ˵նɱһıߣҲȥߵڣܵһŨϵƾǻ߹Ϣңڹ㺮칬ⷴħʱ˼Ұ飬֮һ顣
Ұð𾪣콾йȻвˣƾһ˿ܹƲİ˾Ųʮ
˵߹ڷҰϣ˶Ծȣ뵽ҰǿնʮеˣԾҶͷһʱҲĬ˵Ʋ⡣
֪ҲڷҰУǵ𾪸
Ȼ˾˳ո˵Ұ飬˵컯飿
ԣԲ󡣲ĳЩ컯Ի飬һЩʥ񼶵Ĺ似ҲԻ顣˵Ұһ컯飬ҿɲôš
ո˰Ե˵ͷּ׷ʵҲԣҰô죬Ҳͬʱ컯鰡ˣѣ֪֪컯Ǳ˭ȥ
һƣŵϼ֦Ҷȥ߰ϱ˵Ǳ콾ĺȥϸ˵컯鶼뵽콾УҲˡ
Ұ΢΢Ҷõ˳ϼ֦ǿ⣬ϾҶĴˣ߰ϱȴ˺У÷Ұ޷ˡ
ܹһ֮ڶ콾ж컯飬ȫŴˣǺ岻ɽ¶ˮģȴõһ컯飬ҰоԼСˡ
ԭȥ˹ʥѹֵֶˣֻиԼ
Ҳȥ˵Ļܷ˵׼
֪õ߰ϱҰиɱ֮죬ɱܶ߰ϱ
ӵ컯ˣδȣҰɳȻ޾鷳
Ҷͺõ컯飬ﶼǳȤǶҶвٵ˽⣬ں壬ȴ˽Ĳࡣ
콾ĵԸҲвټʶģҲǱ֪˺½뷽Ұͬһ½
˺Ȼ˵½ǿǿ߶Ը̤ĵط֮ΪǴ֮ءֵط˲ŵǲ٣ҰãĴŮеķѩҲǴģзҰ壬ν˱
˽ӿڵˣһǰھ¹˹û˿֮Ǹ񣬺ҲǴ½߳ģ½һƬصĵط
Ұ뷽ѩһۣжЩЦ⣬ͲǸֵƲŸպãͿʼ˴ˡ
¹ˣҰҲЩӡرϣ˾аľ
Ұδ˵Ŀ÷Ұߣѵһ٣÷ҰҲеʹ졣
ħв콾ӶصԵ֮ˣ졢Ԩԡտѩ˶뿪콾ˣ콾ʣµ˲ˡ˸̾
ԾȻرˣҰ΢΢üͷҪԱ𣬻ܼһʱûԴ󵽿Եĵز


407 ·
ħǰص˱֮У÷Ұеǳź
ҪԷҰװһߵӣǸ۲۵αӣҰеĵط
ҪնɱԣڻʱΨеȵԴӱг֮󣬲лᡣ
ԷҰڵʵǰҪˣǸûʲô
ں壬ҰûŹ
ϸ˵Ұ֮䲢ûֱӵĳͻֻǷҰɷֱѾ˲ɵ͵ìܣΪɷܳĴˣͷҰ϶档
Ұֻ֪صˣϲδĴаȻɳ
ڷҰ˼ʱƮ¥дһ˵ħȻ콾ع鵽˸֮У콾е콾Ҳв٣ĹǡӢڣа½Ĵͣ콾УĴҲδȥڷԼΪӦħ١
˸пǺͻīӰ컯飬вٵ콾Ӷǳˣ콾Ҳܡϧ֮˶ǷˡīӰκ˶֣ͻɱǸ콾ˣûܹһںڰеɱ֣ɱѾû˸Ҷˣܹӵˣ治ô׶Ըģ콾Уǽ޵еĴڣ
Ұ࣬ӻ湻ݵģԼԸƣһ־;飡
˵콾Щ콾ҵˡĴŮ޸߹˪ӣ׷޸ɽ峾뵽Сǰãһˣӣ˪ӵķѾ峾²Ѿɾ£ɷˣиʵź˪еǳʧ䡣
Ұɫ΢Ĵԣ峾٬ĽҿĴŮеǸ˪ӵɴձ˪׷ɱӵУ벻ǳɾһɾ¡
ſϱžƱʹţĴԣߺ峾Сӿ϶ǰӲϹ
ѩѩܷܷɫ΢΢һЩŭĶŻ飬ɵûֱӡ
ҰֱðߣһڻĺϣЦСӳԵӵĸɴװ˼ҽɵ¸ʲôϵĪ
ӺףҾ˵˵ϴҸ
Сĵӣǲǿ˼˪ˣģ˼ҿɲῴ㣬㻹İɣ
鷭˷ۣߵУ̿ͷٵɪˣҳлεʱ򣬽һ֮󣬿϶ÿٱ
ҰֹСһĳ֣ٴĽ̸
ᵽŮһ½˵նĴŮɵķɽտѩ欵򻨹ȴīơаȻСħŮ¡޵ı˪Ӻ塢ʫƻĺ쳾ǡ۵ıڴ˰ȵȣʸǧĴŮи̾Ľ
տѩǳŷѩɸϻȥôҲˣЦ
տѩķظŵˣ콾Ժ϶ġ˵콾ͨǿյĹ·ԺҲῪǿ༫֮ⶼǿзֵģ·һսħĹ·콾ȥħ·һģ
Ұ΢벻콾оȻһħ·лᣬҲǰ·һġ
Ը񣬱ز·񣬾Ƕħ壬Ҳһ
һ죬ħ·̤ħأֻսħ壡
ҰЩ²⣬콾ڲδħ·Ҳǣ콾ڵڶ콾Ϊ㣬ⲻ⡣
бѹƵ˷еĸ콾ٶȶȵλ콾ʵˣħ·֮ʱ
ʱض콾£ɱǬ
ʱҲ콾磡ԶĵսħĹ·ϣ
һսħĹ·ʵ㣬ֻΪħĿ
ſԽӴ񼶹似в콾ڰ񼶹似
Щ˵Ǹλµĵͳ˵û񼶹似Ǿ޿ܵ顣
δȻ̫ƽ
˷ܵĵ֮У콾֮࣬Ȼսʤħ壬ħ峹׶ɱҡ֮У
ޱߣвԻħ֣ҲΪǵ֮أһĦȭƣƺѾħܵĳ档
в˶ԾԾԣЩħ彵٣ϣгһտ
Ұѩܷܷһۣ϶һεɫȺ˻֪η
ħڣ򶼻ΪһƬԺŵ˵ħǴ֣֮бȻͿ̿
ڹʥ֮УħͶ磬ϵħǿ߸ͽȥʥ򣬲δĳ˭֪Ϊǿħ廹ж٣
ҰҲúܣڳȥħĿ£Ҳŵģֻ˵Ұ־Լ硣ΨеʶħŻ᳹׵ħĿ¡
ֻһĴۣͻǵ
Ҫʼˣ˵Խ֮УϣԽͻһȽףԺնɱħ壡и˵Ǽ
ҰٴһĶǼëƤС£е˵ܹ˹ֵǰ컯ɽˣе˵˭˭˭˿Ʒҩͻһףе˵˭˭ͻˣȵȡ
ҰЩ鶼ôȤҲټͣֱֱ̤ߵ֮С
Ұ峺ĿڳɨһȦڸղ˵һǰЦλѣո˵壬֪Ƿ֪ľλã
ɻŷҰҰݵ˲䣬;˳ǷҰ
ҰȻĵ˵ͷЦң֪䡣
Ǽɫ˷ܵĵڹʥмʦãʦڹʥвδ巽λҾͲˡ
Ұ˵ͷҲúӦûڹʥδȻĻ֪׷ɱϢ׷콾ˡ
ҰĥţʥޱߣںƴĹʥҵ壬ڴ룬Ҫնɱ壬治Ǽ׵顣
ҲֻõȵԼӹʥгˣҰ콾ȵ
ǺӹʥгˣǾȫնɱǺδǾˣϾҰҲܽʥ򶼷׳졣
Ȼܺ淽ҰҺԭȴҲδʣ֪ҰһɷʮжкüУ΢һ˷ҰԼСˡ
ʱѩܷܷͷѩ˶Ӻ˹Ұʾ£˳ֽˣһ˿뿪Ʈ¥


408 콣
ҰһߺƮ¥ը˹
иǳݣ˷ܵ˵ǾǷҰ𣿿һҲɱ˿ħʮеǼɱ𣿡
㻹û쭵ʱ򣬵ڹʥ֮УҿۼˡһսҰնʮλǿߣйжʮǶͼı콾ӣı߶ɵˣҿû֣ȻҲˣ붼˸е㤣һ˰һҺȻЩµĸо
նʮˣʮи˶еЩڸĸо񻰴˵Ƶġ
Ѿվ۷ĴڣǸ֮УҲ޵úܣЩչزϹŶˣž𶯰ߺɽĴڡ
һλȴҰնˣҰѾǿնĵز
ܸоϢʱ˿˿ɱ⣬ҪԺְɣǶͬһ½ѵҪô޵ľŮµȥ𣿡˳ɵ˵ԼĲ²⡣
˺Ȼѵûע⵽ҰߵǼһǷҰ÷ѩһпܾѩ崫ѩܷܷˣϵǹɱʣȺ嶼Ҫǿö࣡ҰǸɱ˲գ۵ɲںֵòΡʲôԹѱº֣
Ա˵ţ˵ոȥǼˣǿɶǳǿߣѩӺλ콾ĴŮ֮УȻĴŮ֮ף˵ĳʣΪɲ⡣һɽѩŮѩ崫ѩܷܷ˪ӰСǸǸ˿϶޶Ӧ÷ҰͷСޣ
˺Ȼô˵ֻСèѾˣȻ׵磿
ģ񻷾ϣֽ׵磬콾ҵ˰ɣ˾˳
콾ĵǼᣬֻèк񣬸Ϊпĳ޵ĺᣡ
Ѿ磬Ȼ׷ڷҰߣ˵ҰҲ׵磿
ʱ򣬾ʮǿ߶Խ磬ڣǺ񶼽׵磡ǿߣʲôʱôձˣ
۷׷ףΧƷҰһˣж𾪡
˻Ƚ̸ʱ򣬷ҰһѾ߳Ʈ¥뿪챦̻ĹȺ䡣
磬Ҫȥѩܷܷת촽ת
ҰԳƬ̣ȥ컯ɽŰɣԼڹʥĳţϣھ֮ǰ
ѩѩܷܷҪͷҰһغڹʥĳڣҰܾˡ
ڷҰܹھ֮ǰĿԲûҪô˶ȺǺˣҰĿԽնɱ
оϵħڣħڣǻ޷ɱ壬ҰͿҿ鶹ֱײˡ
գѩѩܷܷ޷ֻôŻС뿪ǰ컯ɽȺȥˡ
Ұ콾ʥͨ棬ڲԶһɽϣȺźĵ
ңԶصһ콾ǿ߶ܹĸоҰϵǹɱ⣬ǶЩ֪ҰҪɱ˭
գһưĿ㶯ңң˹Ұ˵أΪ£
ҰϹŵЦݣƽĻӦĳֻһһѣǰ鶼Ҫһ𣿡
ɣ̫УκһܹԺħĴսãܱǾҡҡǾ޴ף΢һ䣬ٴαĿ
ڰصѣҰδϣκһֻҪԼΪУҰħˣ࣬ˣ
콾ԸеʵʩǷߣϴηҰҶ֮սҲǵͣδĸԤ
ڣ֪ҰڵŽɱʲôˣҲֱӲ֣һ¡
ҰɱȻڹʥ⣬ܿͱ콾˵֪ЩƮ¥ڼҰ˶ڰ࣬ҰȻȥɱģǶеľ
콾УҲԺĽῡ塣
ڷҰȺĵڶ죬һӶ͸ʱһ۵ĴԶշģҶԺӲٹ
쳹أƬɽӶζţڶ콾ӵĿ⡣
һȻ߿ټӶһ޾ͷľ޴콣һƣ͸һƬκ˰ӴѹƲ㶼ɢ˿ȥ
ھ޴콣֮ϣվһɫ꣬°ף˾һ
Ұ˳ȣɽӣ˫Ŀ͸һĽâס˷Ұ
ǸǿߣϢӦǸͻûãҲǶʮܹͣͻƵ磬ȷһ콾ˡ
غһ콾ǿ߶µŸλ꣬ûֹ˼
ҰȻ˫ۣ˫ǿһ䣬Ŀнâ˸ȴ޷ԷҰκӰ졣
ĺҰû˿Ĳĵ͹Զ㣡
ŭϵÿһëж͸ĽƬն˿ȵҰΪֹ콾ףµһˣʵ㣬˶ǲмڸǵһ汾£ʵǿеǣ
ҰƽĵʵǿĻУԲ㣡
겪ȻɫĽܻΪһƬڽ򣬾޽ΪɽСΪľʣ졣
а½콣ŵĴ˽죬мͨ͸ΪΪҪԺӲҽҪһܣȣԱţͱˡ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ĵ죿湻ģľ춯ˡ
ŭһΧƬ콣еĳĻ꣬һɽľ޽г˺ת˲˷Ұǰ
Ұ赭д֣̽һѽǵ޽СһֻΪǵ޽Сճ׻Ϊһؾɢؼ䡣
ҰϹζЦݣȻ춯صļˣҲа½ˣ֮ĴĴΣ
һȻĴˣǵĴˣδǶԾҾǣ
ҰҡҡͷԸпͬˣôôأ˵󻰵ı²Сǲ֪ʵΣ
ʵΣԾ֪ˣҶҪ㣬ԴΪӳһڶһһһ֮ܵглΪһ޴ޱȵ޽Яһ֮ŷҰͷն䡣


409 
򻯽նأ콣ˣȻ鴫Զи콾͵ĵ˵ͷ
գĿӴᷭתһ֮ҲЩ콣յӣ֮ȴЩ㣬ǽӦǸͻûãƾڹʥͻƵġ
˵ͣ£ּħڹʥؼĵ򶼱Ũ࣬ƿͻҲøˡԽԽǿ߶ʼð˳в콾ӶͻƵ磬ʣҲǲˡ
ǰܹսʤҰ𣿡Աߣһλ콾ѯ˳
ĿתҰҲ͸ҰҾãʤĻᲢ󡣡
һڳҲ΢΢ͷҲ÷ҰӮһЩ
ϾҰͷɶͷѻģ㽣ǸĴˣҲΪѹסҰ
úã콣գҰһͷڷ裬ڿնȭǱ޴콣˹ȥ
Ӳ콣
飡ҰȭͷǱ޴콣ײһ˾ȵǣҰȭͷųâӲĽǱ޴콣ı˿
ʲôȻסҵ콣һôܣɫ䣬г˲š
ԶսҲ֮ɫ콣һȴҰȭͷӽֱӸˣ׵߸ǵĹ
Ҳôǿ
ؾ޴Ŀ΢΢ȵĵǿƾ¶ܹϵϾǿˣ
ҰȻŽ죬ҡҡͷƽĵʵ̫ˡƾʵͷʸ񣡡
ŭڣû˸ô˵Ѹѹĵ׵𾪣һ࣬һɱı佣ӿĵǿΣҾ֪죡
δ䣬˫ȻһУ콣һӸ̬ĳϳڲϻΪϢȻͬƴ⡣
ת̫ʵȻڲݺХΪһһ㣬㻥׷ߣһԲڲϻһڻһԲνâͨ졣
ǵԲĳ֣ϳһԲεĿռѷ죬ǵԲΪģԶ
Բ͸һʼյĽ⣬سһɲǵĹعޣؼҫ۵ĽâҪӵķ񣬷·԰Ƭ˺Ƶġ
˵콣ŵһλʥڻرԴ̫⣬컯ЧһֲʥȻѧ𣿡Զ˾˳һ似
ʥʧôˣ𾪡
ħĵ̣еķտ֪һСľͳΪħĿ
һҲ˵ˣ콣ŵλʥ͵ȷո˵󣬴ݽ磬дֻع̫ʥ似˵ʥ似ǿ
Ұɫƽû˿ʥ似Ҳкüֵʥ似춯õ似Ȼǿ˵̫в
ңңŷҰһָͼǵԲε̫ٵնգŷҰ¡
ǻʵˣ㷽ҰǿޱȣҲǷ˵ľ档
ҰɲȥӲһԲ֮ʣҰһ˫ֿһͷ̫Žڱһֺմ˫ּХɽա
ǽڸգ
Ĺ似ԼԶǽϵģҰֱӽϵս˳Ի˽򵥵ķӭ
̫ŽڷһɽУŤͷϵһֺȥų⣬ʵջҪҫۣչӭǵԲν⡣
ɣ
̫ŽڴٿǵԲνҲȥ¿ڴնȻȥǱҧһƵġ
ʲôҰ̫Žڽ̫ˣս˲ɵýк˳
ڷ裬ˣȫ̫ܣȵﲻնȥ̫Ҳڶն֮飡
ŽĻڣͷɽС̫ŽھҵĲƬƬë䣬֮ͻΪ棬·ɽʯ۳һĿƵġ
ʲô̫Ҫ𣿡Զ˾С
̫ŽڵԽԽ͸ĿһԲε̫ɢſֲڶ߽̫Žϵ
̫ŽеĻǸոɵһֺգǷҰڵ̫ﲻȼɢһɳҵĸ£ǵԲⱾ
˫˽״̬״̬δ̫ãǵԲ״̫ϵĹ⻪Ϳҵһ£ճʧ
ܵǣɫҲ쳣ĲҰף̫ⱻƣڵԪҲϢЩɢҡ
ǿ̫⣬Ұͷ̫ŽڵҲ쳣ʱܱӡ
ҰаԾȣոǶ̫Ҳֻܽǵ̫յıǽ̫Ļ̫Žǻϵ֮壬Ҳֻܸ̫ⲻ¡
ʥ콣ŵĶعȻ֮
ô˵Ұɹ߽˽̫⣬һ֣Ұͣڿն𣬱ᣬ˻Ϊһͷ̫ŽڣǸδɢ̫Ž֮Ϊһ壬գֱϮ졣
ɫ䣬һ׺ݵɫϵٴǿŭ򽣹һնأ
ÿһëжһ⣬Ϊһʵʵķ񽣣ΧŽת
ͬʱ챳콣֮Ҳܳǧ񽣣еɽ壬еƲľŽϱĵתںϳһ콣
ʱ򣬷Ұ̫ŽѾ˽ǰŭХһңǱ콣̫Žնȥ
¡¡
콣̫Žײһ𣬽Ƭ񷶼𶯵ľҡβѣйâҫ۴ĿǵصĻ˵Ľ⽻޷е
־˲ãеĹâһӰ߷ƵĴӳе˳ȥصĵһɽϣǽ졣
ʱĽ쳣ǱͷɢϢɢңȫѿ˵ССĿӣðѪľмԵޱȡ
˫Ծ룬ҰӰҲ¶˳񷣬ûκ
Χ񱩵ϢŰҰͷƮ裬Ұй⻪ˣ죬һ
ȻڸոյĶԾУˣһǰܵҡ
κθҶԼֵˣҰ˿㽣ѾûսҰҲŹɲŻɽ󻼡
Ұһ̤µӰֱӳڽߣɱȻ
б˷ŭԹܵҰϵɱ⣬ſʼ콣Ŵˣ㲻ɱң
Σʱ򣬽ﻹǵʲô壿ڣܹסԼˣں飬ͱ׵ˡ
ҰĮţɱȻ
Ͽ˾ֵɫԶеǰ
ؿ˲ԣæҰ飡ħٽ֣κһԺħĶսжЩãϣһ
ΪԼ飬΢΢һЩϵľʧٴθֳһĨ޵Թ
ᣬԻҰģңı쳣ң
Ұ̧ͷŰأƽĵħ֮£ӣ
δ䣬Ұ絶һĵâгͷ­ն˳ȥ


410 ײ
ۣ
һɺѪӽĲӿȾ˱̿գζ˱ǡ
ͷ­ϻһŵɫһ˿δüɢľ֣ʶ뵽õĺڰ֮С
˻
Զȫһ˭Ҳû뵽ҰȻҵŰص쵱նɱ
һǿ߳飬Ұȴûеһ¶ӶҲҰĿǵ
ħ֮£ӣ
⼸ָ͸޾źţħһ˭İ
أҲҰϵǹɿ𺳣ǾŵĻԼ˵
Ұնɱ˽죬ҲðظеûӣһȻһ㾹ҽɱˣ
ҰֱӰأĵɱ˱ɱˣҲˣ鷳ģôѵֻҶ֣һܻˣ
ˣٰصʱ򣬷ҰеľѾᵽߣΪ
һľһоԣ㷽ҰȫħҲ֮⡣
ʲôʱ򣬷ҰǾ׵ͷģƿžİأȻˣ
۲䣡
ҰҲģزΪһѾȥļһԼֵģˡ
Զ˶ĴҳҰص˼ػδ
֮ϣһһأ
ؿǸľ˸˲ֹһȽף͸ѹ˾ڰصѹ£콾ǿɲΣЩ콾ĳҲֳĬˡ
ĶŷҰϵѹ糱ˮŷҰѹ˹ȥŭһ㡣
Ұ͸оԼӿĺ֮УʱиΣա
£ҰڵĲҲ˳Χѹ츲أԿȻ
ҰɽǴɽϣֱͦǹ񷶼ͱһһ˵ơ
ûãغȻջԼѹŷҰ˺ôһĵ̫ˣɱ̫أ˴ˡ
ҰһҡҡͷնĵҾǰ˵Ļȴͬ⡣ҿԵʴȾǶԼ̣ȻɱȻ׹иҷߣضնݳ
նݣس
ڷҰһʱˣҲһֱѭԭֻҪ˸Ҷ֣;Բ֣
㽣ûɱ⣬㽣ֻ벫һЦԼǾһҪѪĴۣ
˲ңҲˣңնݳ
ǷҰΪ˵ԭ
ԶҰĻﶼΪһѺԷһľѾڶ죬оڣҪһצӾܽҰĳ
ؽŷҰȻ̾һԩԩ౨ʱˣΪǿĵˣһ죬Լ
Ұﰵ˿صȻǲûжֵĴ㡣
صĻҰǸֳһ˿̣ĵȥ൱ڸԼδ˸Уѵ㻹Ϊ֮ԺҲ鷳ǿĵˣҲһɱ˱ǣ
سĬˣҰ˵ʵ顣㷽ҰķνȥˣȻҷҰ鷳㷽Ұܹٴν죬Ҳᵢ๦򣬵òʧ
һˣǷҰ൱ԼԼ˵
ֻǣԷҰĺЩȥһҲٸҰ硣
ҰǿԶ˶еһڸһλ治ɫ٩٩̸ǿ߷ƿԣֱ붼顣
ҰʬϵĴָУٴѡ˸ɽȴźĳ֡
ڶ콾ҲʼȥЩ׼ֵĵҲȴˡ
ǵΪ͸ϲϷҰԭǴȸҰϸкͬŵĴñӣ׼վ۵ĽǶʹҰȥ
ڼʶҰǿһ֮󣬶ʱ˶ˡ
ҰȫԼϲİضֹ˷ҰԷҰԸ񣬿»ὫɱƬײ
ûˣôƯҲûаϵˡ
ãҪԼȥػҲͬ⣡
ûãҰһλնɱ˽Ϣʹ˳ȥ֪һδֹҰ׵ʱڶ콾жԷһ˿⡣
Ǹɱ˲գ۵δֹҪŭǺɲκ˶ܹܵġ
ڶ콾ӶԷҰļɵﵽһĵزû˸ٲ۵
ҰҲֵ徲غڹʥͨС
ڽļ죬īӰ׾졢ʯͳһڷҰǰ
ҰһůЦɲãǻҹҴ򽻵Ͳǧָ𣿡
׾ֵİ˰֣ұˣ͵𣬹
ʯĵ˵Ҫ뿪콾ˣǴ㷵ص½𣿡
ҰͷǰħҪΪЩ׼ұҪ½һˡ
ʯֹʯͷĵ˵ɣ˵һҲʹ죡֣ģ컯ϢѾ˳ȥСϵϢҲ֪ˡ콾˸Ҷ㣬콾˻㲻
ҰЦİɣЩҲֻҪԸҷҰҲô׵飬лˡ
īӰеһ͸ذףʵ˵Ϊ˺Ҫæ𣿡
ҰҡҡͷԸ壬һаյģ֡
īӰĵ˵ͷûٶ˵ʲô
һ˰ΣҰֱóߵʬһ鿾ԣԶİضеһľ
ܹظӦʬϵĲϢǿǸȴ˷Ұʳе󵨺
ҰҲչӣĻ쿾ľɫˡ
ҰֽʣµĺҲ˳һȾƳ⡣
ڵˣҰɱ˲գ۵ħѣҰ˿С
ҰȻûīӰ˳ԵĲֺ˺Ⱦ̸ҲΪҰˡ
㷹֮īӰ׾˲δȥ뷽ҰһȺ˳ŷҰĿ⣬ʣĺơ
󣬷ҰĺƳױȹˡ
һգǴӹʥдйغϢ徹ȻѴӹʥ뵽ӾŴеĴ½ȥˣ
Ұиеһźδܲĸ󻼣Ժ϶и鷳
һϢҰҲټȺīӰ׾һһǣص컯ɽȥˡ
ڶǾʱˣҰɲλᡣ


411 
Ұص컯ɽ֮УѩܷܷͷѩѾȺˣźӹʥ뵽Ĵ½֮УǶź
ͷѵϴĴ½½̫ԶذֵܾǴĴ½½ģ½
Ұ΢˵ĻֿԣҰɫ΢΢Щ
Ҿ½֮Уʱ򣬷Ϊ߽硣巵ص½֮УʵһŷҶ֣ǷҾͻ֣֮
뵽һ㣬ҰȲҪȥ
ҰĿǣÿ˵˶ǧ˿ƵĹϵԼ˿Щ˵ĴˣҲԽԽŨ
ҰлЩڴķң뿪֮ʱȣǷı仯
򱻷ӡʮ˷ҰⲻھŴ֮Уе򶼻Ӱ졣
㷽½ǸǴ֮أҲܵЩӰ졣
һҹ޻峿ĵһصʱ콾һ

ƴֺ쳹ֱ˵Լһĸо졣
Ұ˫ۣң˴ķ򣬵Цɽ֣Ǿӣһȥɡ
ѩܷܷڴ˵֮УڲȱپҲڴɽطûž
Ѿڶ죬еһС磬ÿһĵͬѩܷܷپεľҲ
ѩ콾ҲˣҲŹüξÿζջȻҲεľ
СһûֻҪִգǾʹܾ
ڷҰĴ£һ˿Ŵɽ˹ȥ
ңԶߣһϼɽ֣ɽԼݷĻ棬֥´䣬뵣͸һɿϢ
ɽãȴһ쳣𺳸Уһɽ
ٴμɽҰȻЩ̾
һ콾ɽƽںδҲ֪Ψ˽ʱŻḡ䡣
ɽһصĿռ콾ÿ򶼲Զ콾κεطԺܿ뵽ɽС
ɽΡ룬貣滨Өתһֿĵϣһɰ͵Ϣ·һƬľ
ɽжһĪĵϣ컯ɽشһĸо
ഫɽһͨɽ壬ΪиΪʿｲʹøִ뵽ɽУõɽɽ
Ұһʰ׶ϣ滨ʢ貣ŵ⣬ƻãĿ
˲ãǰɢҰ˳һƬɾ
ǽ£һƬ޾ƺһߴСʯλ¶Сأ޾Χһ޴ĵ̨
ûֵܹѾһǧʯλ϶ˣͬΧǸ޴ĵ̨Եó쳣ĺƴ
Ұ˸˸λĵȴžĿ
ɽϻ۵콾ԽԽ࣬ʮʮ꣬ÿ˵ʶͬеϢԨƺеǳеɣȵȡ
ЩеӢʱʯλϣȴž
÷ҰȵǣһЩ콾ҲλУǴﵽʿ
ҰаԸп󣬾콾ĳǣҲٿԵõĻᣬȻŹ
Щǵ̸÷ҰеЩ죬ѰʱÿһεľǸոͻƵľγȴǸΪľǵĵط
ҰȺһȦңңīӰ׾ˣȴδвЩʧ

һӴɽڲ𣬽ɽϵҵ˿ָ徲
ӲʧһüĿİ׷Ƿ̨ϣû͸˿ûκΪͨƵģϸȥȴܹϸܵһѹȸС
ģԭҰ¶һ˿ȣ׷˵Ǹսġ
ĵΪɲ⣬ͷҰȱߺͰ־Ҫǿö࣬ǸǸħҲ̫Ĳࡣ
ĺЦΧˣĿ͸һɿ͸׵ǣƽĵҪǲҵĴ͸ĵø˳Ǽʶ¾ʿ
Ҳϻֱ⣬һħƵģ˲ԾĳУϣʼգĪ壬ռƳ
ŰĵĽжʼֳϼʣԼʥо˶𣬷·ڻص
ǰĵĽ˴ɽеЩۼŹһĸо
ʾ˴žͿʼϸÿһüɣһඥĸо
Ұ˼ŰĵĻ˼Ȼʣǰһ֪ĵطȫ
΢Ц·һλߣ˽ţ֮ǣɴطЩͿԻЩȴʦֱӻ򣬽Ⱥ֮𣬲޸֮֡
ɶ죬磬ÿһҪڵıȻǴһУÿһУݻĳ͹켣ĵĽ崺磬һ߽ţһ߻ʾÿһ׶εı仯ָ˷
Ұ΢΢ЩȣǻԼһƬƻõľ֥Ʈ㣬ʣһԵĵϡ
Ǽ־һֺ󣬷ҰܾĪɱϿְ͡
ţֽ־ڰıһֻΪʵĸоƺŵ洫Ļ㡣
Ȼݻİ΢ͣ£Ŀתһ
˳Ŀȥͼһͷɵ˫ĿƱδգתһԵĵϣĳ֮С
ǺЦҲκζͼһŹְǸضƽȵת˳ȥ
Ұ޵ĸоһصĿռ֮գֱǸϣŷ˳ȥ
һ΢С£ļ־ݻĽ˵ĸӵ̡
ڷҰƵʱ򣬶϶ȻԶһƵҰ΢΢һ㶣˹ǸոǸڶɽ٣
ǸΪʹʦڣ˰ĵĽ֮󣬾Ȼͻˣ
ʦԲ϶٣Ҫڴɽͻƣٽ֮һٸӦ·ôˣɽϵ˶Ҫᡣ
ݻĵĽš
֮³ÿֶʵ壬ÿһӲӣÿһֶһɫţΧŰӯתš
ɽҲʼʥоԽԽһЩ޷ԴĴӡÿ˵
һһʿͻƿȫϢͳ˴ɽȥ氤ȥˡ
ֽ򻯶ľϣ÷Ұвһĸоδȷķ
ֻǣҰͻƵûã򻹲δﵽ۷壬ĵĽȻشøӵ̣ȴδͻơ
ȵĽϣнٸʿͻеľ硣ȻЩ˻϶ʦʿЩʿ
ʿÿһС綼ͻƣȵĽϣҲûκһʿͻơ
ĵĽСںͻûһãѩܷܷͷѩջ񣬵ҲҰһǼǶԴ⣬δͻƵĸо


412 
갲ĽҰδֱȥǷص컯ɽչ˼죬ĽЩˣž뿪콾
뿪콾ÿҪһǧĹֵҰѩѩܷܷ顢Сڣܹˣǧֵ
ҰϽʣǧ㹱ֵˣ챦̻֪Щֵ챦̻ҲãʱҲȱˣԺõŵĵط
콾߳Ұȥ޴ſʧУ׽콾ȥ
콾Զһصɴû֪콾ĵ̾жǿ
Ұ콾ôãԽԽо콾ɲ⣬˵콾йʥͽ붼˸е𾪡
ʦʿͻˣʥͽ;Ҳпܻᵱͻưɣ
뵽ЩҰӸо󴫳еĵ֮ˡ
жǿأΪṩָ·ƣʹú󱲵ӻ࣬Ӷǿߡ
ǹѩƵģԽԽҲԽԽǿʢҲԽԽ
ҰҪұɳҪһκܳʱС
콾ʱһ𣬲֪ʱŻٴλˣҰпһҡҡͷѩܷܷͷѩһתͷȥ
뿪ҰͲüͷĿɨɨȥڲԶһ޴ɽ塣
Ұһˢһ³ڲԶ޴ɽϡ
ɽϵİɽҰ˸ڿԷԷھŷҰ߶µĵ㣬ʲô
ҰĿȻĶǰԷ¶һ˿ɻɫ
ո޵ĸӦڰжԼ֪֮ȴֻǸûκΪͨˣͨǿһЩ÷ҰеЩ졣
ǻŴžֵɫУҰϸ˲̽һ飬Ȼûκεջ
ѩܷܷͷѩҲŷҰҰһͨԷҲɻԷȴҲδκε֮
ôΪǿʿվԼǰǸԷΡΡڷ촽ţȴһ仰
ô¶ѩܷܷһ˿ɻѯʡ
ҰԳЦЦ̫ˡ
˵ҰԷ¶ЦݣЩǸȻĵǸ̫ˡŵˣǸ
ûûϵɼҷΧĻҾȥط˵ڲţϳ𾪡
ҰĴ˵ļ򣬽һ˿˹ȥ˵ЦǸܾˣֻ·㻹Ǽɡ
һ˿ȹȥʱ򣬷Ұٴβ̽ڣִ˹ȻֻǸͨˣû˿
ҰԳһҲоԼ̫ˡ
˵ȶڷҰȻЩη壬Ҫ㡣
ҰҡҡͷδͣѩܷܷһԶٷ˹ȥ
ڷҰߺǸԷȫһ㣬ڴڵĴϢţδεĺӶͷðϳļµɫ
Ϊǿ𣿽һĿⶼˣ̫ˣطˣǸԷг˺ȻٵʰԼĸͷŲɽ¿ȥ
ҰľʼչעŴˣо˲δʲôͬѰķӦҲջ˾Լ̫ˡ
ǸԷɽ֮ĬĬĴӻһҧ⣬һھѪ˳ǸȾˡ
ǵһ⣬ˢһû뵽֮Уһ޵ٳԶ
ԷŷҰȥķĿлЩ£૵ȻҪҵˣֻҲ̫ˣһôѹҪЩûκΪŵء
ڸ֮Уÿ˶иˣҲвΪžӪһЩĿʯϵȲҵЩ˲ûиΪȴҲǸŲɻȱ֣֮Ϊŵӡ
ԷԣĳŵˣĿӦþǷҰӡ
Ҳ֪˭ҪԸҰȻ˽ͨš
磬ովô¶ѩѯʣ֪ҰԵ޹ʵȥŻһͨˣĵ
ҰüͷҵӦڹעҵȣһԲ̽ˣ˵ȷǸûκΪͨˣЩϣ̫ˡ
ѩܷܷĵĵɱе࣬Ǵħ˰ɣ
ҰƽЦЦҳƶĻþģħӰ첻ҡ
Է֮ͨ󣬷ҰҲûôϣΪֻżע⵽Լδ롣
콾ʮ⣬ƳڡƳУԶ봫ʹ󣬷ҰҪշ½ƳǱҪߵġ
ҰһƳǸ˹ȥҲ֪ǲǷҰ̫ˣܸоڰп飬ϸ֮̽£ȴЩ˶ûκΪͨˣ߾Сʿֻ俴ӡ
Ұɻ󣬲֪Լ̫ˣҪԸԼ
Ұж˾裬ѩܷܷҲҪ⡣
ȻǶ÷ҰСҲδ߾Ҳʲô¶
ηص½֮УûʱƣҰ˲δŸ·һ·½еĴúɽʮ֮󣬲˼·̡
һգеķҰȻͣ΢΢üͷɻĵҺӦһϤϢ
ʱӣߵҲӦˣϦ΢ӵϢôϴ㿴˼
ҰݺݵڻĺͷãЦСӻϹ룬ȻϦ΢ڲԶǾȥкɡ;кƺ˵ȥ
ҰȻô˵ĿȴѩܷܷǾµϣѯѩܷܷ˼
ѩܷܷз۵ζףǳЦˣġ
ҰٺһЦĿĴ£ϸӦһһɽȥ
ո䵽ɽ֮ϣͼϦ΢̧ͷ­лһŰ滨Ұ£峺л΢΢ЩȻĸо
ӣҲ콾ôˣϦ΢΢Цӭϼ࿴ѩܷܷۣѩܷܷǳ
ҲҪعһˣǴӴ˴·벻Ϧ΢Ҳǰ콾гˣڴ˴ϣԵ֡ҰЦĿⲻĴϦ΢ӵеǶ滨ɨ¶һ˿ȵɫ
ҰķӦϦ΢תѵʶ껨ɣ
ҰվѩܷܷߣЦûϴĻӦ廨Ϧ΢Ǹողժģʲôҩ𣿡


413 Ҵ
Ϧ΢ЦӯӯĵħٽʦһλƷʦͬ⣬æһöʶɵԿǱϣͻƵ硣
ҰаȣƷʦɲ֮УҲڷëǰĴڣһЩǿߵĵλҪߡ
Ϧ΢ӵʦܹƷʦһöƷɵҲЩ¡
ǻؼңҲǴƳǹ𣿡Ϧ΢۲ת˳
ѩܷܷܾϦ΢ӵҰ飬ɫֱ˪͸һ˿ǵ⡣
Ұѩܷܷļ򣬳Ϧ΢ӵЦҵȷ㣬ƳǳԶ봫ʹ󣬸Ϸٷ½֮С
Ϧ΢ûпѩܷܷϵĲ죬һ˿Ц⣬΢΢׵ѾҩǡҲҪƳǳʹȥǿһȥ
ѩܷܷһɫƵĶϦ΢ӣһôԸӡ
ûŮ˻ԸŮ˷ˣѾ׹밮ӵŮˣ۾ݲɳӣŮ˹Լˡ
ѩܷܷԸޱȣǸɽŮƵģȫ񶼼ڷҰ֮󣬶Ů֮쳣Уĸо˴Ϧ΢ϴΣԣеǳ
ҰҲЩȻû뵽Ϧ΢ҲҪƳߣû뵽ѩܷܷΪԴףһʱЩ֪ôԵĸо
Ϧ΢ӵĿתѩܷܷϣЩȵĵλ˭ЩԸӣ̫ǿĻϦ΢Ͷ·ˡ
Ұٸһͷѩܷܷ磬ο£ЦλδޣѩܷܷȻϦ΢ͬ·ǾһȥƳǰɡ
СһͷѩµŷҰˣϹϲɫ˭ûвֵĴ㡣
ѩֿǸ̵ţϸȢȥҲ
Ϧ΢ӵѩܷܷתƵ˷ҰϣתƵѩܷܷϣǳЦԭǷӵ˰ѹֳôƯҿһǲλһˣòᡣ
Ұɨһۣһ˿ȵɫпƳҲʣ²ǧˣǾһɡɲ̫ƽҾڲԶ˷ġ
ô¶Ϧ΢ӵĿⱻ˹ȥεǺ档
ѩܷܷҲ˲ٷˣŷҰô¶
ҰΧĳ¶һ˿׷ɫžǰңǵǸʦԲҵĵطҲŽԲ磬СһҲ͹ˡΪģҲŻֵݵľ档
˶Щ겻ѣͬʱҲԸӵĳˡ
ѵıѣ˸еŭġ
ҰԵѣȴͼıҰƶֱ
ѩܷܷɭȻĮȻĵԣҼһն
Ұ΢ůЦûϵˣǴûɱңԺҲлˡʱһģ
Ϧ΢ü΢й⻪˸̾û뵽Ի֣Ҳ׾ͽʯ飬û뵽Ƿĵص㡣˵ΪƶŶֵģѵƶ𣿡
ҰŨü΢ĿЩϦ΢ӣϹЦЦɫʵƶǿе֮Ϧ΢Ӿã𣿡
Ϧ΢һϸֳһ˿ŵЦݣҡͷһ治Ҳ¡
ҰϹŵЦݣǰʾ£ȻҪģһҲ޷ӳеԼʵá߰ɣҲǰƳˡ
Ϧ΢ףδٶ˵ʲôڼߣԶ˹ȥ
һ·ϣϦ΢ЩŷҰʶʱʱǳЦӯӯǵѩܷܷɫԽԽ䣬ѩСһҲһϷӣû˿ֵĴ㡣
ڰǰУϦ΢ӺȻһ·аٽݵϢҲʦҪһҩģλȺ򣬻һȥժˣ
ҰӰͣĿ⵭ȻĴɨϹһ˿ĪЦݣĵȻϦ΢ҪȥǾһȥɣϣ㵽ʱҪڡ
Ϧ΢ɫ΢ȵɨ˷ҰһۣҡͷЦʦժٽݣΣգҲᾡȡģôأ
ҰδԣȥҲ
Ϧ΢·һɽвժ˰ٽݣпĵ˴ǵǱĵط
޺޵ĵԻ治Ǹ޲ðǧˣ
Ѿȥһʱ䣬˴Ҳܹϡսĺۼһɽĺۼб˿ĺۼ
ҰȻĿɨ˷ƽĵ׼һﾭһλʦԲǿɱңҽӵһڣҪңҪҵ˼άäǺưϦ΢ӣ
˵ĿⶼˢһתƵϦ΢ϣĿ͸ɭȻɱ⣬εĽ
ԵѾ˺ŭˣҰ˼Ϧ΢ҲҪǲȻŷҰģȫϦ΢ŭĿӡ
Ϧ΢ӵ˫Ŀֳһ˿ţǿü΢ߵڿЦɣЦһЦǷ㣬ʲôϵΪʲôҪң
ҰЦЦϦ΢ӣ䵭ĵʱҲΪżֱҲŷ˲ԡұֳøУܷܷϣӶΧĽġ
Ұ΢ͣ£ּҸԴֹһνޱȣһһɹתܷܷע֮ҪͬУ˵עҲɢ˹űһ˴˴
Ϧ΢ɫǳѿҲ֪ǱҰĺҲ²ģǱ˵¾ģĵҶкøУѵҲд㾹ȻǸˣǿˣ
Ұ˿Ϊ˫ĿֱϦ΢ӵգĮĵҵҲϣ㿴ңźʵҿ㣡ʧᵽƶƶ飬׾ȷʵ֪ŵùὫй¶ȥˣҲ͸¶ֺʯͲ֪ƶϣ
ƶȻϣΪûʾϦ΢ૣŷҰǻЩŵӡ
Ұδ𣬼ε·ۿ֪˴жƵģôߵĸ߿ոܵ˰ٽݵϢ
ҰԳЦЦƷʦûиܵٽݵϢֻ˵ԸҩĵĸоҲ̫ˣΪƷʦ𣿡


414 
Ϧ΢¶һ˿ҰܵɫɬĵƷʦ㾹ȻƷʦ
Ұĵ˴Ե˷ҵĵطҲδ̫˰ɣҶûнģ˴£ЩиԱȻǴһ˼άäҽһ
˵Ұɨ˷ɱȻĵû´ĻӦѾڸˣܴ˴̶Ѩǵɽ𺣣ĳվˣڣˣ
ܣȺɽţյȻû˿ϢҲûκεɱ֣·ҰֻڶſռȳƵġ
ҰҲû˳֣ĿȻĶϦ΢ӣϵɱΣĮĵҲ֪ΪλԹᣬȻԵĵ·Ǿͱҳˣ
Ϧ΢ɫ΢䣬ϲƱ̾ʱԲδڴ˴û֤֤㣬ƾԼĲ²⣬Ҫҳ𣿡
ҰգʥУϦ΢ӣŲĵҲҪ֣Ҫ㵱նɱֲϰʲô֤ݣĳҪɱ㣬ֻҪЩ²⣬㹻ˣ
Ұ絶Եû˿Ĳ̤ǰĮĳϦ΢ӻӶеĵʥ
ʥХ˺ѿһĿռѷ죬նϦ΢ӵͷ­
գڷҰп͸һѾûʲô˿ûӰ쵽Ǽ͵񣬻Ӷʥûһĳɡ
ˣ
Ϧ΢ӽ¸ֳһѤƣ˳ʧڰУõ÷Ұһն˿մµɽʯն롣
ѩ˻ôϦ΢ĻԷҰ֣Ϧ΢Ԥı뿪˲˹Ұ˵ĹȻǶԵģϦ΢Ӷͼ죡
뵽˶׷ŭߣɱ˸޲ýϦ΢Ӻһͬնɱ
Լѱѣ޷ܵˣˣϦ΢ӾȻҲǣٴֱﲻˡ
ҰǷҰҲֻܿľ֣ŻԴ֪Ǿֻ̤Ȼһ֣ǾͱٳȥˣԵ˷޷̽Ǵĸ򴫳ġ
ͫн˸ɨ˷̲סƿڴ˳ԣ˵͹ڰзƨʲô£
ɽʥԳҲɱ㣬һὫţĥǣȥҿȥЦгƵĸоƵģ޵
Ұ;ߣɫƽĮĵ벻ͨӵϦ΢ôʦѵۣͬ
䵭ĵʦͷɽʥԳɱҪƵϣ˵ѣȫ㲻ϣԺʱ㵱ѣĵرе߾֮죬ǵĺ˵ͷˣ
Ұɱ˸¶ģٴߣĺǣҲҪնɱ
Ϧ΢תƮȻԵѶ棬Ϊҿκ飡
ѩһЦԭϲ˿̶һ֮ѣΪκ飿Ҳ𣿡
Ϧ΢Ӷٴδ˵κ飬ΪµҲĸԸ
Ұа̾˿ʵû뵽ȻϦ΢ģܲˣ
ѩܷܷϦ΢ӵĻ֮ид޵ŷҰΪ㣬ҲԱ£
ѩܷܷ֪ǲ̷ЩԪԵʣķҰɱ̫أѾħף
ᾡֹҰħʵ޷ֹԸ淽Ұһ𣬶ħ
ǱҲԹ޻ڣ
Ұͷ΢ѩܷܷĿг˳ҵĹâ
Ȼѩܷܷ룬Ҳܸܵѩܷܷİٸȫһһٵĵұȫػ㣡
ЦûҪһһ·ģһԧ죬Ҳǳȫǣ
ѩܷܷ飬ҰкɣԵĻϣЦԣ㲻̰ͼϵƶб¾͹ðɣ
ԼƶʡһƶӽԺ󣬾ˣԵг˼˵Щ
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ҰаԷѾԼĵϸһˡ
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ҰԱϣ˫ų貵ɫâسԴƶɫ·κ鶼Ρ
ҰĬƵӡһӾͿڸеǵƣ飬˴˴
Ұɫ΢䣬͸̫ǿˣԼʥΧشƣŴ˴ᶨļѹ˹еΣյĸоվĵΪҲ쳣ľ޴
ҰɫأСģǱһ֮ˣ쳣ĹŹ֣ǳǿҶһϲͨȻܹеĴƣһʱҲ޷⿪ڽ֮ҵȣʥ֣޷Ƕ֮Σ
ԵĴЦҰ߼ʥΪÿʥһλǿ֣㽫߼ʥܾľͳ󣡡
󣿣߼ʥֵģѩܷܷжһĨأǶ˽⡣
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Ұ˵ŻѾƵӡӡѩܷܷԺ֮Уʲô˿Ҳⲻֻܽϣѩܷܷıѩˡ


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׷ɱǵĴˣȻҲ̣кϷඣߣȥһսض½ܹĿãǧܴᰡ

Զ˶ֻ۷׷ףЩϳ˷ҰЩʲô֪Զ˷ܵĿ֡
ЩĸԶԶ׺˺棬Ҫⳡ׷ɱ׻ǸʲôĽ
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ΨɽŴŲ׽룬ҪҲҪõϿɲС
Ұŵ׷ɱԣ;ʿ˷ĪԽԽʿ׺˺棬Ϊں汣ݻƵģ׷˵ĽŲǰС
ɫĮǸӺֵµʮ֮δһΡ˵ֻҪܹסҰһǾֵˡ
Щ˴ӦֵʱѾԤϵǻڷҰУû˿Ĳ
Լ飡˵ݽ棡
Ǳ֮ˣΪʦƣϦ΢ʱҲûôʹЩפԱû
Щĸ֣ڱǱޣפصǿҲֻԲǿߡԴ㽫Ұһ·⣬ٽһնɱҰϵƶ컯飬ȡҰϵĲˣ
Ȼһ·ʬɽֻҪնɱҰҲֵˣ
Ұ֪Խ׷ٵΣվԽļҲԽǿ
£Ұȫ˲ƶǰ棬â˸סԵȥ·
Ե˼ҰҲܹ³˾ŲʮԽǰնɱ
˲ƣΪؼʱ̣Ұ治Ҷ˲ơ
ҰưԵƥҲӣϾɫ˸ͷһ־ɫԲ£ų⣬Ұ
Լڰ˸ȦӣٴűķӴܡ
Ұһ·Ϲϣʱþ̫廯⣬ʱɽʥӡʱһĹҰߴˡ
˲ãбڵطϵǿ߳ԱҰ׷ɱ˵ż־ŷҰɱ˹
ҰɱڣһΪ⣬²ͣ˿ɶԵ׷ɱ
һˣҰǸɱǣ
ҲôôǿڵʿҲһնˣţ
϶ǶĳΪطˣ
ܣѾԲǿˣפǿߴǴʦ磬Բʿɡ˵ĻҰǿһ·ɱ
ҰѪֶΣ˶ڷ׷ײ²⣬˿Һֵ֪е󣬶һһʰˡ
һ·ֱߵűɱҰ;ʮɱݣ
󷽸˶еľҰĿж͸һӾη
ģǰǱҰɱ˱ˣиں˾˳
ңԶһƬڰеɽж˾η
ʣѾɱ˱ǰˣ
Զɽڸ߿գеɽеɽˣɽ彻Уһֱĸо
Ұ΢ݣҲû뵽һ·׷ɱȻ׷ɱ˱⣡
һ·϶ʩչɱ֣оյı˹ȥҪ˱޷κˡ
ʱ򣬷ҰеɱѾﵽ۷壬ƹе˼£˲ƶٴγǰ
ת֮ǰҰȻԼʩչ˿޾ɽԶȱȽǣɫĴӿȣҽصס
ȻһͷƴȸӻɫҽгһͷɽСĺɫиˮ棬һߴɽаͷ­
Ұ˺ģƬնסˣԶʱ޷ȥ
ǰԿɲҰƴѸټѾȥıɽʥӡȻͷȸڵķ䣬ҪͻƳȥ
ҰоǷѽ쵶жǱȼʥĵʥȫΪ뵽˵ʥ֮С
ʥһϯʮصĸʥԾնԼıɽӡ档
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ʥײһɿ񱩵˷Ұķˡ
ֻǣ˴̫񱩣նЩ̫ȶҲ޷롣
ңʱˣ͵ڰѺ󱳵˷Ұֻø죡
ֻӲͷƤ뷽Ұɱ˴ֻа룬ڵǿҲٸģֻҪסҰˡ
Ұ֮ȫľȫ뵽ʥ֮Сʱӣ֮նɱԣ֮Σ
Ұ˶ʥΪһ壬һֿٵ֮ǿն䣬ϣԼȸԡغɽĹӰ֡
ǲһǲ˺һӳһ
ǷҰΪֹܷǿһ
Ұ˲䣬ԾףһӲס
ˣȴ·ˣ
Ժݺݵҧҧóһʥҩп鶪Уȫ˱ɽӡǿʥҩڹŻеõǿȸʥҩ
䣡
ʥԵնڱɽӡ棬һ춯صľ޴죬ʥƵ·ɽ嵱촷ۡ
һ󣬱ɽӡĹ⻪ܿƵû뵽ڡ۵һѪɫҰףг˺Ȼ
ҰҲ˿˿ѪڱըģûܹȻ
ҰɱȻ߾ٵʥ˲ƶߣԵͷ­¡
ϲ˾üˢһ³һȱĶƣɢ˿˿ʥ
Ǹȱʥܱȵϵʥмʥ
ʥ˫һ˳ȥҰĽն룡
ԣڱſڣҰһնɱ
ǿɱҰȡҰϵı֪ȴûϵҰôԼȥˡ
ˣ
ɽӡҪߣҰһסƶӡǸ֣Լľӡڱɽӡϣڡ
˻
Զ˶һҺ
Ұɱ׷ɱʮڱѪնڱ⡣
Ӻݾĵ׶һɳǵĺ⡣
ˣǣ
˵
ұſնұˣɱһ˷ŭĴԶıдƾ춯أ˵ĶĤ졣
һ
ҰһûдӲӲóǬߣ˲û뵽֮С


419 ѹ
ˣҰ׷ɱڱſնɱ
һ裬Ը
Ĵˣ޾Դǿָ㣬վ½۷ģȴ˲ǵˣԼ˽ȥ
Լŵſڱɱ̫ˣǳɾ˷ҰҪ˶ã齫ᴫ½
ҰΨڴ콾ʱ˾һڹʥҲǴһЩȴҲ̫˶δ˵
նɱԣ÷Ұ¶½ڶʿУһٳ
Щһ·׷ŷҰǰļһȫȵѪȵʬȻš
³ŭˣҰڵñֱ½
Ұŵնɱԣ÷ҰˣǱɾĶˡ
һ뷢׵ߴӱг˳֮ն·Ĳһˣһ磡
ߴһ£ͷ͸һɸǸոմӵƵģϷǹѹȴԶ˶
һĸ֡
ĸǿʿʱ䶼Ǳޣ¡αԼſڱɱҲˡ
ĳγǱˣӦŴⱻɱ˴о˹ϵ˲òȥ𼱻ǵĸ˳
˻δһ޴־۶ֻƷ·ЩһƬƵģпԵһġ
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Ƭնʼһɺƴ֮뵽֮У˶еһصĲӸʧ
߿ԵĲʬߣϵ¶һ˿ɫȻǴյʥһ޷ҪҴգҲӲ̫Զ
ţ߾ͷֳһƾڲʬϸ̽£Ͼŭӣҧгݵĵ˱ɽʥӡ̫ͨҶˣǴ˵ĴˣҲӱĵӳȥ
ڲʬһУһصϢԵĲʬϸ˳
Żߵͱ仯н۳һ澵ӣ浹ӳǰһĻ
ҰֳֵʥԾն£ϣʥն롣
ǹɿ񱩵ϲõòŵļȫڷ֮УҰȻ̫ͨҶޱȡ
˫Ŀɱ˸صĺһϺͷ˿ϵмȫ˳ȥ
ϵĻ±һϮۣһ쳣ĸɾ·ǸոϴƵģǹɸʧӰ١
˵ױһ¯Ƶģ˫Ŀлϣͨһ硣
ʱʮǿϢӱг˳˲ϢԵʬ֮ȫŭӡ
ЩԶǱڵĳϵÿ˶Ϊÿ϶͸һǿʮһ֣ѹԶ˶ɵһˡ
ԣ
˭ɱ
ұſڣնұˣܴ˭ҲһҪµ
ԾȻɱˣ˭ô£
ȫ˳ȥ

Щǿ߶ŭǿƵڱſڽնɱñ澡ʧֱ½
иߴϵλ߹һ񣬹ĵʦ壬ȴﵽģ֪кη֣
ȻȻ¶һӸλѹǳɱĶƣϢ͸һ˿ҡ
˾Ǳơ
΢΢£ٴνǸʾ˳Ȼ˾֣ұǰɱǵĴˣ̫ͨҶԼɽʥӡ˸ոն˴ռʥߣǿдմ󣬱ȻұΧ֮ڣӦûܵ˼ˡҵɱ
ǣƵͷӦһ˫ĿȻɨ򸽽ıˣȵֵǸǷҰڻڱĵϣ׷ɱִ˵ϢһʱôѶţȫɱˣ룡
ȫȥֻʣ»ƺλߡ
ŻƣƽĵҸо㻹лҪ˵ѾȫȥˣʲôҪ˵Ҳ˵ˡ
Щĵʦ壬ڤʦһȥģڤʦҲˡ
ų貵â͸һɺƴϢõԶ˶еȸУŭڵĵʲôڤʦܾȻҲˣô£
΢΢ͷ¶һɫдʦ廹ѱŵ׻ȡɽʥӡԼʥʥȥˣ˵ҪԴΪóԽնɱ˭Ҳû뵽ֻôǿ
ֱŻ棬һһٵĵ˵СӲɱڤʦܣұʥôģʥóʧˣԷʲôˣ
һ˻˸ľǶʥ¿˽ˡ
ôʧвжΣ
ƴæʦ壬СӲûʲôԷƶϡͬ黹к˪Ӱ񻷣˻֪ƶСϣҲΪ˱룬ðһԵġ
һʹ˵һûκ
г˲ĻѹֻƸóʥȥɱҰǿ߶ˡ
˵һˣֻһƶҲΪ֮
ʻƳɵѾĺˣƶ񻷾ڷҰֻѾεСèϣǶ½ǸǴ֮أûκαֻǺ˪ӰѩܷܷȴѩĵˣҲǴѩ͵ܳģûκѩػ
й⻪˸һĵڤʦܶУѩ崫߻ûκѩǿػ𣿡
΢΢üͷѩܷܷûκѩǿߣֻڤϵȴҲ벻ͨԷûоĸڣֿܵ˶ڤϣ
˸˼£ߣѩǸ˾ͲҪˣڵǲѩ壡ҰСڻұΧ֮ڣȲ˵ֻܵõƶҲұһ¥
˵£ּСܹɱԣѾˣҲ׶Ըǲ鵽䣬Գ֣
ǣȫʦԸ΢΢˿ôãΪ˵仰
оѹ󣬲ܱ֤һʧһΣѾٳ©ˡ
˵лľڸչأɲðȻȥš


420 ٵ
飡
Ұ׹ֱֱһɽϣɽ嶼һСƬøҰ޶ɢӴܡ
Ұϱѿ˿ڣȾѪ˰վ
жѺ۵ǬߣҰԿЦһٶüεĻǬҲҪˡ
Ѿƿգ֪Ǹĸֳ֮һƾȻôһɺƴ뵽֮УӲĴĿռ䴩󣬵˳
Ұþϵħ׷ɱʮڱĵһ·˹ȥոǲƺĶȫһնɱ֮Ҳǿ֮ĩ
ƿ֮ʱֱǸĸǿд˳Ҳܵشٴƿա
նɱԣõ̫ͨҶһʥҲ
ҰףǸȻ֪ڱΧ֮ڣԲŹҪ˶þͻչѲ
ҪѲԷҰʱ״̬·һ
ҰתܹѲ֮ǰʹӱΧгȥ
ֻǣһ˿᲻üͨеıҲ쳣鵤ѱĸɾȫ޷ٴζǬߡ
ҪԼ߳ȥǸǳ롣
Ϊ֮ƣֻҸطܹѰС
Ұ˼Ƭ̣о˾ϣҸطָڵơ
ҵطˣȻ˶ĵطȥ˵Ұкˣ˶ӣһ˿˱ĶҰ֮ǡ
÷ҰĵǷѩǣǶԸʣǼ϶û⣬ҰֻǻᵣԼȻ嶯ɱĵ̣ʢŭеıǿɾ׶༪ˡ
ʱ򣬷ҰҲûо˼ôˣԼԹ˲ϾˣֻܰѩǲҪ̫嶯
˼䣬ҰȻоĵƶӡ
Ұ΢д治ľ뵽ĵĶӡ棬޵ĴϴѾˣôˣ
쳣ã·Ǵһдһ㣬ϸС
ıƶ뷽ҰңԶҲԸҰһЩ򵥵Ľ
Ұ΢΢˿дľ붦ӡ֮УѾɱԣЩƣʱ޷Ǭߣûʲô󰭡ڱѾʼȫѲҵ䣬ƶǷֲҵϢǲҪ̤ΧŰɣˣȥǻϵġ
ǱҰҪúˣǻʱעĶҪ鷳Ǿɱ
ҰȰǧҪжϵ
ڵ״̬ν⵽˼㣬ոո˵˼仰ͽĸˣҰɲ˷ˡ
ܹۿƬ̣ҰĵɽȥһͷһСУ˺ӵס
Ұͣںӵһ󶴣˺ӵɳ
һУҰ΢΢˿ĬƵӡӦŵеһ˿΢ķ
ҵһ˿΢ķҰͿʼһ˿žƹתš
ǿ֮ĩ˾һȻҰסҲֵûˣһ˿ֱ֮ͱĻҪܣʹһޱȵĸоҰ׹
Ұ־Ѽ⾫֣ǿסʹһ˿վƹš
һ֮һ˿࣬Ұȫƹ֮С
ƹ񼶹Ұڷڿٵıǿţ֮󣬷ʼ͸Ұÿһ缡֮УõýѪĻָٵ޸ŷҰ塣
ҰȫĵͶ뵽˾ƹ֮Уֵ÷з
Ұ׷ɱʮڱΧնˣѪڱſڽնɱ
Ϣܿʹ½һЩĴҲõһЩϢ
ķӦ̫ң½ַ죬˶ǵһ˵Ұ֡һ֮½мû˲֪Ұˡ
ƾðǿߣ²׷ף˽ҰһЩϸ˳
½Ǹ֮أһ콾һˣڹʥҲ˼ȵȡ
д󲿷ֶǺߵģ˵ʲôã˵ʥ͵ĺᣬ˵廯Σ˲Ǯ̸ʡ
ʧԣûжˡ
ʧˣ˻һ䣬ûʷˡ
˶׷ײ²ⷽҰ׷ɱԵԭ򣬿ȴûκ֪ԭڣֲ²˷ˡ
ȫϣУбӶҰѲ飬ŪǷ꣬Թص


421 δĵ
ҰŭնԣױŭΧը˹ֵ÷з
ûҵҰκϢٴηκṩҰϢˣõķʹͣƸΪӡ
յ쳣ϸһʱи˼ѰҰĶ飬ǲΪԼҲΪԼĺȡһӵĻᡣ
ǣҰǴ˼һ㣬ûκҵõǱǸΪҰڱΧΪҰѾԶԶ뿪ˣҲϣˡ
Ұ緢˿֪ȫ뵽˾ƹ֮Уڵķһһת׳ţ˵Ҳڿٻָš
һʹԽԽӨһɹѪԽԽɢŵӫ⣬Լдޡ
Ұ˴󲿷ֶǾľ£ھĻָϵҲڿٺת
Ұ˾ǿߵĸһҲô׾ܹȬģ߰ʱ䣬ҰϵƲŽȬ
ηشս֮󣬷ҰԸоԼڵΪ־һЩǰΪӵʵȹ̣ڿռ֮ҲӾ΢
ѪսܹΪķʽ
η׷ɱҰڵ̣Ȼ޷ֱͻƵڣҲĻ۱ˡ
ѲҰδϡƶ壬ڸһ鶼޷Ʋںη˵Ǳˡ
ΧзԲʮϣҰͲǿԽÿһط׶졣
˵ûǸʵǴ˵Ҳõ
ֹ˼죬Ұľٴλָ۷״̬ǰ״̬Ҫá
ε÷ҰףҩǱģɵĻϵͻָˡ
Ұ¶ģʱѾҪƼöҩԱʱ֮衣
Ϊ»ָҰѱˡǾþϵħ֮Ҳкܴѡ
ҰδȥٴǱֲóһյĿռ䣬ƿռ֮С
̫̫ϳܹϵ̫֮һȴҲ
˵ıɽʥӡʥһһԣȻ˼Ȼ͸һɰѹ
һʥ
һƬӡͼɫҶӾУͨɢλðɫʣ͸һ鶯ŴԴ
ƬҶȻͨҶˡ
ҰѾڣǵƬͨҶĻϾͿͻƵڡ
ֻǣһ׼ۼִʵĴͻңڶʱڿԻüĺôԺķչȴм谭á
ҰͨҶ˺ܾã˿ҡҡͷ¶һ˿ɵЦ⣬ǧԼĵҲҪ
һ˼ǣ¶˾ģ˴ʵ顣
컯鶼رԴÿһ컯鶼ܹ˸̵ش
ʵϵĽᾧҰĿǼִʵ߳һԼĴ
컯飬۲οɷҰ뽫컯뼺
ȻǼʮ컯飬ǽֻҪЩһ飬Ҳ
Ұϸ˼Լĵ·ִʵȻҪǴʵ˵оܹӵеģҪԵ
ѾͻƵ磬ѾԳſڵȸӡӡԼӡ̺ĴУңڽ뵽ħӡ֮УҲЩüĿ
ӡеĴУǸħӡһʱõġ
˴ȻڣҰҲûǱޣȵҵ㶨֮󣬲ĸˡ
̰ãһ似Ե֮ʱҲֻܶһ֣սҲޣȫԼΪʵڡ
ΪǸ似ҲֻһЩսȷ˵һڵʿ似ԸкڵʿսҲսʤԲʿ
νһʮᣬھʵǰһмɶûá
ڷҰ˼·ʱһȺ¾װ˸Լ߰˵ӣΪ磬ǰͻɵ̫ͼ
ЩǱˣ
ⶼȥʮˣǷҰǴ˼ƵģһӰӶҲǹˡ
ߣҰҲ̫ˣұſնɱʦֱ֣ǵܴ裡
ұĴ󲿷ֵ϶ϸ̲ˣЩֵûɵĵطڵߣֻҪǷҰǵĵϣͿ϶ز˶õģ
ŵĽǳḻַҰͽһöƷҩԱΪӣϣǿҵõҰټ

˶ڵ̸ţڽ̸ҲĿݵܲ̽š
ȻһңָԶһɽ壬ɵĵɽǰЩһ
һ˿ٵɽϣиݳȵ꾪ȵĵСɽ嶼ˣӵǴӿ׹ġ
һ˶ӣһʯͷ쵽ǿᣬ˷ܵĵﻹһЩɺԵѪӾʮǰµģ
ô˵Ұпܾڸüһ𾪺˳˵϶˼
ҪҵҰڱĵλͿ࣬õཱ붼˷ܡ
٣ʦǣǾҪˣҰ϶ڸҿǸϽɣиڶʮµԣг˷ܣó˸ѶҪ֪ͨš
һԴֹˣҡͷȱ𼱣ȷǷҰ֮ٶôѶҲ١ڵЩѾ˲°ٴˣȫǼٵģѾвʦֵϢѵˣǿɲѧǡѪʧķң
˳ɵʦֶҰնɱˣҪ¾ɣ
ոǸԴߵߣʦѾ˵ˣǷҰǿ֮ĩһơһǿд˷ҰĴգҰȻѾˣֻҪ̫Ұκβǣ
˶΢΢˿ǸֵҲɴ⣬
굱ŷҰµĵѪѰɽȥҲںĿ˷־ܡ
ܿ죬Ǿ͵˷Ұʧߡ
ǸüѪʧˣǷҰȻ뵽˺кܴĿǽźˮˣҷɢźѰңҰ֮ǧ򲻿ɾһʱ֪ͨţ
ҰںӵУ˼·洫̸¶һ˿ѪЦݣ촽ȻңҲóȥˣζҳ֣ҲǸøˡ


422 Ϊɱɱ

ˮĽһɫӰӺˮг𣬷һŶĴЦɢˣĳһµ
˻ûüɢͼһϮɫķҰգֳһͷɴСĲʥӥ
ǷҰģ
֪ͨţһסˣ
Ǵ۷ʱڣ͸ѹһЩϵѹҪǿǴ۷״̬ôͺˣ
ɱǸһϸƨӰ

ȲҪҵҰȺӶ˳Ұɢǹɰ壬˵Ļж˾˵лһ˿
ǶʿŷҰ͸ǰҰոնɽٵĺɫƵģһַĵ׵УԷӻ־ܹǣ˼
ĳɱ֮ˣȴҲ֮븶ѪĴۣҰӸµ·Щ콾ӣ쳣ĮһʬƵġ
Ⱥ˱ûдʹǱĵӣҰǺ֮ȻΪУǾ͸κεʴ֮ġ
Ұδ䣬˸򵥵ķͷ޴Ĳʥӥſڷһ߿Уһɷǵصϯء

ȻʥӥϵëÿһһɫƵģ̫·ĺ⣬ˢˢĴŹХҰ˻ġ

ܣס
ɱңҾǸȵģ
аʮĸ١
Ҹƴˣ

ĵӶĲҽЩֱ¹ģЩɫĶǿƴϧ޼¡
ҰǸ󾳽磬Ժŵ˵ɱǣвˣ
һȺȫնɱһʬûϢǵΪҰƴʸûС
磬ǸΨ磬ûоԵĶֻ
ҰĮɨڶʬһۣƣ߰˸ָ˳У
ҰʹȥȻǸоʲôٴڶʬ֣ͼиʬϸԷɳ
Ұüë΢΢ϳǴѶңԶдѶ
Ѷףֵߡ
һĴѶ͵ľ붼ޣһЩĴлһЩصĵطѶʧЧ
ҲһЩĴѶңԶԴѶִѶļֵҲߡ
һִѶҪ뽫ԼϢݸˣ봫Ѷ˫дѶһҪǰ˫һƾӡڴѶУſɴѶ
ЩΪǿˣôѶеľȷѶߵķλǳʵüֵ
ЩһѶ֪ЩѶ϶Ƕ̾ĴѶѶʱҪһһ洫ݵģֱӿԺͱĵͨѶֵҲ޵ĺܡ
ѶǺõģҰĥţȵȥ֮ҲŪõĴѶá
л괫˫һĨڣ˵ʹˡĴʢŭеľǿǾһˣһǳϹŶǾͿֱȥˡ
ЩǱĴѶ˭֪ûʲôֽš
ҰֽЩѶ̧ۿ·̽ѰСӵķλ
ҰϰƵӡľ๦ľԶͬҪǿöֳ࣬һƾ̽ܣܿ߰ⷢһѰСӡ
ҰϹһĨɱɫ΢ڰµӰʧԭء
ڵЩʬҰδʬ𼣣ξҪɱǬҪ¸ѪĽѵȫ˶֪ŭҰĽ
ʱҰͳѰСǰ
һʮ˵Ķ飬ͷʦڵʿĶʿϵķڱ
ҰĿ䣬絶һ
䣡
һ貵ĵâӷҰгһ޵еĸƣնѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬ӵЩߡ
ڷҰֵʱЩҲӦΣյĽ٣תͷͿ˷ҰĮա

Һ죬һ˲䣬ҰͽնѪȾ˱̿ա
֪ÿ϶дѶ֮󣬷Ұָ飬ǽϢֱɱ
ֻҪȷǱˣͲ˿֡
Щ˸ûֱӵĳͻֻΪӣԼټѾǵˡ
ҰΪɱɱֻҪǱĵӣɱĶ
ҰɫĮȥû˿СľЩ˸ҳѰͱҪбɱľ
Сʱ󣬷ҰѾն˰˾Ų飬նɱ٣лмǿߣǿƹ£ʱûκ˿ԽֵϢȥ
ھ뷽ҰһɽϣʮǿɽϣһڹۿһͭſžüͷȻԣЩЯĴѶƶλˣǾڸԵĵطͣסˣ
ļ˫ۣۼӵߣĿͭ档
ͼͭ沼ٸ㣬ЩڵƶŷλЩ㾹Ȼھֹ
ÿ˵ж¶˿˿ǣֱЩӶ£кü˶µĵϵţ֪Ϣţ뺣û˿Ӧ
ʮӲˣ˵ԳֶνǸˣʦ֡ʦܡׯʦöﵽ磬ȴϢû˵ʵпܾǷҰϾҪˣǲǷҰǶҪ֪ͨţǸӳһóһ鴫ѶЩϢ˳ȥ
Ϣոմ˾͸еһҵĿռ䲨Ȼͼƿһ󶴣ҰݵĴ
ҰĮɨ·еͭʹѶʱ򣬷Ұ΢΢
շģ㻹еǱЩӣǲǶ㰵ɱˣŭȣ뷢ţһͷʢŭеĿʨ
Ұ𣬿ٵĽϵħ뼺һɺƴѹϴѹնںѡ
ʮλڵʿҰɲʱȥԼս飬һʱͶ˾ϵħ񣬽ΪԲ硣
ڿɲĥʱ򣬸ոǸѾó˴Ѷ˵ѾԼ֪ͨţҰʱɲ࣡
ҰȻһգͼմƶ£ƬնУ·ʮڵļһﾡڵ
ҰͣټʥӥƵĳ²񷣬ʥʥգۼͽʮնɱ
ʮڵʿȻһжδ
ǾʵĲ࣡
ǲþϵħ񣬷ҰҲĿնɱʮˣֻȴҪʱ䡣
Ұڹʥûնɱþϵħ֮󣬶Ըһֱɱ
ʮϵıʹָ֮󣬷ҰּʬǸѶ˸š
һϢȻ˳ȥҪ˶ãͻǿ߾ʱ䲻ˣɱɱ٣ҰһһǸѶ鿪˿Զ˳ȥ
;Ұ齻űΧԵĹŲɽȥ׼ѪĽѵʱû㶯ǬߣھȥŲɽӦңôս׼
˵ǿҲ࿹⣬ҪѰæʱ򣬷ҰҲǿ
ϴû˰ɣ
ҰĴЦںõúܣ赣ģڹŲɽȲ׼оȥ֮ǰǾ͸¸ʹĽѵ


423 Ѫ
ڹʥ֮УҰǿߴĽ٣˵Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳǲսʤ
ΣҰҪȥ֮䣬նһλ
Ұ²ͣٵŶУԼٶ˼¡
ʱҰٷɢѰұˣҲΡ
Ұ˾һҫ۵̫Ƶģһ·ֱײΧ˹ȥźԶ˸оǹȶŵϢ
ǿϢ˭ڷҰǰ治ԶиŮ¶һ˿ݣңŷҰķ΢΢üͷ
ʦ壬ɲǿ󣬲ǷҰɣиǸŮѯʡ
ŮŷҰķҡͷǶѰҰ䣬ӦСĲŶԣŵ£ûǷҰ
δ䣬Ůӵ˫ͶȻɫ䣬óѶ˸ϢȻǷҰʵ죡һӭ׼
Ҫ·ĳͿûǸˣҰһĿЦٴγǱʥһķģӿرԴʥ𺳲񷡣
䣡
һԾĵâӵʥгһ˵ʥնѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬Ű׿񱩣·ԽƬضնѡ
âնأȺӻδüʲôһ󣬾ͱҰһն飬ҽжûͳ׻ڤ
ҰԵУŮףֻҪǵˣǾֻһ֣ɱ
ҰЩʬһۣһƵĿʧߣһΨ²֪ӡ
˭ǿƣѹҵ궼ڲǱظ𣿡
ףǺǷҰʮ춼û˿Ӱ𣿡
ȻǷҰ߼ϢϽ֪ͨ
ڱĵϻţһ﾿ʲộ
ߣ˵еһλѾųˣҪɱҰСӻͷ¶棬ҲQ˶ˣ
ϺŨѪζѵһ·ɱɱ˶˲ôŨѪζ

Ұ˿ûԼΣ;˶˷Ұŵˣ貵һ㻮գȾѪ
ΧвǶǱˣҲǿߣԼһЩŵɢޣҰŵĸģе˷Īңң׺˷Ұ
Ұһ·˳ȥ·;ıӣȫظһƵУٶ˿
Ұٶȼ죬ûãٴγǧ;նɱıʤһϮ³ױѪۡ
ڷҰЩˣԽԽľҰ治һĺ֮Ѫɺӣûһ֮
Ұ˫絶ɷɱ⾪죬һӵɱ
úҰ֮ЩӾȻԶԶ˳ȥâ
һĻҰҲ΢΢£ͳЦҲȥ׷ɱǣһ·Ц˹ȥ
˻Ұ磡һ֮ɱı˸·ѪڰԶ˶еǳĲ˼飬˴˽̸ж˷ܡ
սҰնɱҲ׶ˣҰһɱĵʧֱ󣡡˸пЩš
ҰţضὫȫնɱĻо֣ҰԶˣϧһ콾
㷽ҰҲûаˣһ·ƹɱıҲкüˣôᣬҲ԰ˣ

˶ڰ۷׷ףڷҰŰԵΪҰ̾Ϣÿ˵жƽ
Ұɱ壬磬֮ʬҰЩǰ˳ȥҰҲϾǡЩѻʯҲû˿
Ҳɱˣ˾ɱңòɱ
гһշҰҲڱУǣһĶԷҰ֣Ұǳ׵ıŭˣǻУҲҪֻһ
첻岻Ǿ֮һ赲ɱǬ
ھ뷽Ұǧ֮һɽϣ߸Ϊǿıϻһһŭڣ˫Ŀ࣬ɱڡ
Щ˶Ǳĳϣÿ˶ڻߺڵΪǴӸ۹ģּסҰƬ̣Ϊȡʱ䡣
Ǹĸ֣ҲһҲҪʱ䣬ǺͷҰģʱ䡣
ҰնɱǱӵϢǶѾ֪ˣ޲ýҰƤ
ɱҰĲΪˣиҧгݣеâնգ졣
ʦѾϢˣڴ˴סҰƬ̣˼Ͼʦʱ򣬾ǷҰ֮ʱһĿһȵĻ棬ǴＷģɱȻ
Ȼи뷢԰׵̾ϢһҡͷڷҰĵ·ϣĵӣȴδ֪ͨǣǿ׶༪ˣ
߻һ˶΢΢Ĭ
Ǽõ˷Ұһ·ƹϢıӲδõһϢĸ߲û֪ͨڷҰǰ·ϵЩӡ
иɳƵĵ֪ͨǰ뿪ͻ˵ǱҰһɱˣԱӰ̫ˣҪάڷҰ£ҲΪ˱ΪǱģ
Ұ̫ʢˣ֪ЩڷҰǰǵȴȻδ֪ͨǡ
ڱ߲㿴ӿӱܣ
ʱ򣬾Ҫȡᣬģµӵ
Ǹ뷢԰׵ŭһ׺ݵĵѾŵԵԶˣƴҲҪҰ£ɱұӣҪƤ͵ƣ
⼸һҲ¶һƴļƣѾ⣬ҪԼסҰ¾Ĳ
ûã⼸ǿ߶Լ̧ͬͷ­ŭڣȵˣ
ҰѪһ·ƣնɱıֲ֪ϵȫɫѪȾƵģɷ
ɱҰֱһԡѪޣǹɷ;ԶԶܿˣûסҰ
ҰҲøЩСɫƽϣһ·ǰУ·Ƭض޷ֹĲ
ںԶԶ׺ŵҰ񶼳η壬̫ɱɱҲɵˡ
ҰźԶ͸оǰкüΪǿϢ۷״̬֪ǰЩ˻Ҳηĳȥ
ѾЩһΪ̽˳ڣĸڣЩһΪȻǷҰûǷϣֻǿܻᵢƬ̵ʱ䡣
ɱ
ɽϵļŭ˳һÿ϶ɢһɿֲƣڷҰǰ档
ҹҰս⾪죬ŭХ񷣬Ȼӭȥ


424 ݿ
һƬƴڷҰֶɽ࣬ľ籡ˮϣɽͣȸԡ裬嫺
Ұеĵʥ߷˼£ǰն˾춯صһ
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ԾĵʥʥǿƵնӭϣ񷶼ǳױƵģ̮ѳһģ񱩵Ű޷峡е
ȵʧе¶ǰ
Ұڱֳֵʥգڷ˿ϻԼ˿˿Ѫ䣬Ҳ֪մȾ˭Ѫħ
棬߸кڵʿɫ԰ףж𾪣һֲŵɫ
ǵı¶˵ѺۣܰѣȱʥҲ⻪ʣ޼
ǼһȻҰѹ·磡
˾ϵħ֮󣬷ҰܷӳѾﵽԲ֮֮Բ񼶹ֶεļӳ£ҰսҲԲˡ
֮ϣһһأ
㷽ҰڵԲЩˮ֣ǶԸ⼸кڵʿѾ㹻ˡ
ңҰѪӣҲ۵ǰδе۷塣
ҰνЯ֮ƶһǰͲǿԵֵסġ
һն䣬ͽ⼸ϳѹסڶܵ˲ơ
⼸ҲԷҰ֮ǣһƴȻĻƾǣҲ·Ұƣ
ҰڱסˣֻҪƬ̣ͻоˣ˫ؼľʱˣԶв˶һ㣬ȫվԶԶģǳڴķչ
ҰҲﱻסһе֣֮ȻһţǵڴƵģһ֧֮Ƶĳʥ߸߾
ŷҰĶ޾зˣһ뵽еĵʥ֮Уʥ渡ֳһϵĻ棬ǻеĵ·񷶼Ƶġ
˵УҰӰѾʧֻʣһޱȵĵʥɢһɹʥնɱһеİԵ
ᵶ֮⣬
ſһǰ
ﬣۣ
ʥǿƵնһ棬ǰӽһ˲䣬ͱʥʥٶȲһһ룬ѪŹ񷡣
ҰٴθУŵʥǸӵƬʬһ
һͽһڵǿߣı϶е󵨺뷽Ұ
ʦܣи߱ʹĲҺҰĿһ˿εĿ־塣
ʱķҰħԵøӵײУɱĺպһ߽˵Ķ־
ȥɣҰ¶һ˿ĮЦݣǴӾĵص״еĵʥٴλ裬ϼһʱһͷ­˳ȥ
߻ûӦһͷ­ѾȥһϤͷʬ壬Ӧô¶ʱʶѾ뵽޾ĺڰ֮С
ҰͻȺƵģת֮͸ɵϣԶ˶ͷɣҰħҲ֪ӡС
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Ұ΢ݣ֪ǱľҪˣ
ڣؼľʱˣ
ֻҪԽǰǰ͵˻ĹŲɽΪ˾ǿµ
뵽Ųɽ֮󣬾ײǸҲԽ֮ش
ǰǣȹǰһأ
ǷҰǼĳҲӦԶٿǹɾ޴Ĳһٴδ˾񣬺ݺݵҧأƴˡ
Ұնɱ˱ôӣ÷ҰȻ뿪ǱԺ̧ͷˡ
ҰԺͷת˿ͣóǸǬߣ汬һǿҵĿռ䲨
Ҫգȫֹиŭ˫Ŀ࣬˼ŷҰ˹
ͬʱ뷢԰׵ϼһҲķŷҰɱ˹ԷһҵĹҪҰסƬ̡
Ұ¶һ˿ŪЦݣеɱʵʣ˲Ǭߣȸ䡢ͷͬʱס˴æֵˡ
Сģʣµ˶о˲ԣæѣͬʱ͹Ұ
Ұ磬еĵʥնδӦʱ򣬽ǵͷ­ն˳ȥ
ߴ·תۼʣԶۿ˶е촽ף¶ģԲǵɱ
ҰĿɨʣϼһеɱΡ
ոҪߣҪᣬ˶ٴն
·ˣһûŹ⼸һﶼҪ
ǾϵҰҲŹǣ
Ϊ˱ƴҲҪħһŭʣеһ뷢԰׵ŭڣֱӽеһѺ۵ս꼤˳ȥ
ս걬ޱȵĽɫâС̫ƵĹâҫۣһɿֲϢӽɫսɢ˳
Ұͫ΢ֹһεԱȱʥһĻİ˾ҪеȱʥԱ
ʥԱҰҲԸУ˺ƳԶǱս걬ըǰͶ˹ȥ
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޴쾪춯أ񱩵Ű񷣬ȻδԷҰκεˣȴҲ΢ס˷ҰƬ̡
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ԶǸľ͸ˣѾԼһСڵˣֻҪƬ̵ʱ䣬ͿԸϵ˴
ҰûиӦǸƵģϵıĮ˪û˿Ĳð񱩵˲ƵǸϼһߣĮĻӶеĵʥ
ϼһոԱʥϢҲЩɢңȻӦ˷ҰߣȴѾ赲ݺݵصŷҰΪϷֵˣɱңҲұģ
ҰΪеĵʥû˿ĳɣߵͷ­˳ȥ
ͷ­ɣȻŭĿԲĿ
ΪԼսҲ÷ҰЩҰȴû˿
ȻΪУԷһɣҲκ֡
ԵʴȣǶԼ̣
Ұ²ȥ֣ϼһԥסģǱǸǻЩ鷳
˭˭ŵ˲ʸ磬˾ٶΣ
Ǹ뷽ҰֻвʮľˣҰûлͷǸǿ߾ѾԺ֮УϵÿһΧܹ
ʮ룬ھ˵һת۵Ĺ
Ұ˫絶ƵĶһϣܵҰ壬߾ȻԾĵһ
ҰЦˣֻҪסƬ̣ǸͿԸϵ
ϧ˵ĵøոӪƶ˲߽⣬˵Ķ־Ҳ͵͵㡣
ҰԥĻӶеĵʥһһбնƬҺ׹գҰһ·ЦųԶ
һǸܰʱߣûôˡ
ҰѾ׼ƴˣ֪ͷһ˾Ȼӵ˲ˣ֮顣
Ұвɵð룬ҲԼйذɣ


425 ս
ߴƴ֮¶δܳɹסҰõ÷ҰͷȥԶ˶ͷƤ顣
Ұ׺ݣġ
ǸľڷҰĵطҰ⼸·նɱ֮Ҳ˲ٹϵĴָ֮ıˣȫǰӴܡ
СҿӣҰһըװ죬뷢ţݣźԶŷҰĳһơ
磬ͨȼ棬ÿһƶһɽһɰ֮ӺҰ
Ұа˱ǸڤΪиӾƶҪڵżˣȷСﲻá
Ұһʱ佫ʥڱ󣬽ŵʥƣӲһ
䣡
ʥϯ񷣬޴ĻƱ΢裬Ƭ̵ʱҰ֮Ƶٴǰɡ
˾ϵħ֮󣬷ҰҲܹӳԲΪֶмʥͬڵնɱ֮
ңҰҲӲӲǽһٺˣںжȻЩѪڣҲδܵʲôʵԵ˺
ŭĿԲͷһͭʥӿٶʥӡ˸ֹӵĻƣڲŴԴһڻ֣һµĲɣ
֪ҰϵڶرγնɱҰصشӣŵЩʱ䡣
һ·ҰѪ龰侪ŭ񣬴ҪҰնɱ
ҰǱҲеľŽǸڵļһһȱľϵħɱı˸裬Ժĳɾ;Բ
Ҫɳ˵У
䳹׶ŭҲ˲ˣԳ֣׼ʥҪҰһնɱ
οҰлƶ
ڵģȫΪƶƴҲҪƶֻҪƶһʧֵˡ
ҰȫӴܣܿ͸ϵ˹ŲɽڣӦѩܷܷ˵Ϣаһ
ѩܷܷǻ֮󣬾Ǹ滹ˣҰҲηˡ
Ҫ˱ǲܵģҪȥסǡ
СˣӵĺǣҲضն㣡ŭͷͭӺ񷣬뷽Ұž롣
ҰͷҲصĻӦëƾӣûʸң
ɱڣڷӿʼȼԼķٶٴμۿҪϷҰˡ
ҰŸӦѩܷܷǵϢǰУܿоʹѩܷܷĴ磬ǰҡ⣬ʥͣ׼ս
Ұ΢ٸϵѩָܷܷķͣӦԵ׼
ҰδҪҪϣһ·ɱڵΪҲ˲٣ǰǿǷλʧ
ѩܷܷ˽⣬ټϺ˪Ӱ֣ʥݴͣɱ䣬Ҳڲ֮ء
ԷҰ֮ǣҰͣҲ˲ö룬ֱӽͷͭӼ˳ŭɣ

ӳһɫľӹɳŷҰ˻˹һɰʥ֮վ
Ұ΢΢ϾȻʥǲͬͭӵʥ
ǰȻһʥͣ
⻹ǷҰĵһʥܹӳԶԶһʥҪǿö࣡ھʿУ޷ӳʥȫҲȥԶˣ
Ұ侪ң֮УϼһŸ߼ʥǰҲη塣
ͷ诿ģҡתȨ񻷳ѩܷܷжʼһ޶޴
ҰڳĻʥ겻ܲʣڵΪ뵽ʥ֮УһɰʥȨڵķλӿ˹ȥ
ҰĸӦݷ诿ڵķλڿٵĹͨһɹɰʥת۵Ȩڷλ
һ̹Ȼӭûתۼͱ˳ɰǧһƵģǿƵؽʥС
ﬣ
ᣬ˪ӰʣһɺɫıϢ˷˪ӰٵĴգֱӳĻǰŻͷ­ȥ
أ
ʥ췢һŭſ³һɫֹ˪ӰǰС
һĨȥǵĻ֮ߣֻƾűս֮ʥͲ֪˶ٱ
͡
˪Ӱڽϣһ̶ִպڵıˮƵģ˪ӰƽȵŻ˹ȥ
ҡ诶ۣѩնβѩܷܷ쳣ɵָš
Ұջصʥ֮˶뵽УвٿС
ͬʱͷѩֳŴɽİ׹ʥ¶ϵĺɱʥۣѩǼ»ʥһնʥβ͡
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ͱ˺סʥһʱѲ⵽ʥɱõûʥİھҲ⻪š
ڻʥֿʥʱѩܷܷңغ˪ӰһɸǿҵâԸٶȴ˻ʥ֮ϡ
ʥ귢һȫӿӲӼ˳ȥֻϵĻȴɢ롣
ѩܷܷһϧΪ̫󣬾񻷶סʥꡣ
õȻŭһһƬƴĻһּΪĸо˸貵񻪣ųеĻͷѩΧ£˹
ⶨ붯¾񷣡ѩܷܷٴ
Ͳ׷ͬʱиֳתɻԣʥ
󣬷ҰѩܷܷСڡ顢ѩУͷһʥ˸ʥ֯һ޴ӣ䡣
ΪʥԵʣڵλõĹ⻪΢Щ
䣡
޴ӵܵ飬Ǹǿ߶һķ˳ȥ˿˿Ѫ
˸ʥܣǿѩܷܷĲٿ£һľѹ·硣
Զս˶еЩ𾪣˵ϵĴڣû뵽ȴŮѹŴ򣬼ֱ͵߸ǵۡ
ҰаԸ̾ѩܷܷ󣬱ԼϴֵҪǿöˡ
󣿡侪һֽ̧ջأͷػס
ѩܷܷ¶һ˿Цĵٳʥ붯ӣ


426 һս
ˢ
񻷻ûǧǧ˴˽ᣬγһյľ޴ͨ˸Ŵɫԣס˸ա
񻷣ħܣ
Сڽܹ֮ӳ񻷵ǿֵõһֱּԷƬء
΢϶һĨصɫ˫űһŭҫ£
Ĵȣÿһëжһ磬ȼ棬ܵĻ򽻻ںϣΧһɵĹȣҫˣתһĵϡ
գСڳȣһƬɱ
ʵ貵ɫâܻԵʥСڵУʼҰ˻ܵǻ£
֨ѽѽ
񻷵ķ£Ļظ֨ѽһһڲۼҪյرƵġ
ӳ˾ŭɫͷͭӴһ

Ǭһ޴ĻɫΧͭߣ쳤ͭӾ죬𵴳һһĻɫŹʥŰ񷡣
񻷹⻪ʢһ״ƵģѳһһģӲδȥ
񣬽ΧĻӲ뵽ڡ
ɫ䣬ͷһʥͭ˲Ϣ׹䣬ػڹ棬񻷾ڹ棬Ƶģͬ䶼С
ɱѩܷܷһȽ˪Ӱֱ֮ͭϣһ̶ײݷᡣ
˪ӰرԴûκʥԽӲͭʥӣײӣͭʥӷһ쳹صʥӵĹ⻪ࡣ
źԶЩΧ۵ʿеһͷۻƴһѪڣʥ֮УΪǿҲ̫ù
ѩܷܷ󣬷Ұʥȫһնͭӵһ棬âŽ淭ͭʥٴκ
Ұʥ٣Ϊ޷ʥȫֻȫһʥܣʥڣػ࣬㡣
ѩҲһϵʥȻֹһҲ޷ȫֻȫһʥ
Ұ֮󣬷ѩ»ʥ׹ʥٿ񻷵СڣϾ˫ʥƵ񷣬ͭʥ֮ϡ
ͭʥӷһٵһδ䣬һ𣬺첻ϡ
ʥһ֣δӳȫҲһƬվΪһڵĺڶͭʥӶҶʱܱڶȫɵӡ
Ұ˵ǿģԶ˶۾ֱһǰ׷ɱȴ˼ǣһȺʿû˿֮Щš
Ұ˶õʥĿ࣬һһӵһʥӵеʥޣڷҰȴһһð˳ǲֵǮĴײƵģ˶˵ˡ
˵жʼ˸ŲĹ󣬵뵽Ұ˵׺ֶԾĴ˸ѸϨеĲͷ
ôңǶԷҰ֣ǻԼҰҪɱǣһֻѡ
ͭӵĹ⻪ԽԽͭһʥӣʥĹɱҲһȻڱʥڵѾĵ߰˰ˡ
ʥ𣬾еܺľҲܹܿĻָҪ𣬻Ͼûκ޸Ŀˣͳ˲ȱʥӳҲˡ
Ҫʥʥ;ǿȫпܴʥԷҰǵΪȫҲֻʥܣͲܴʥҲǸӷĴ󵨵Ĺ뵣Ĵʥ
ڷҰУͭѾշˣŴʥҲĽ֮顣
ѾҪֲסʱԶٴδƴһСڵԶ֣ٵŴ˴˹
Ԯˡ
ڷҰʱ򣬱ڶǿ߶ʼˣΪٶԶǿ죬Ż˷Ұ˵
һսӣǿҲˡ
ЩǱΪǿˣڻߴԲ磬ʮ֮࣬ǵضƱǸƻҪǿ
˶ңңӦǰľսԼٶ˼£ЩڲϧΪ˲ƣƵŴսڵظ
Ұ΢΢üͷٶ㣬˵ʱǻɱ
Ұֽ̧ȱʥ˳ȥ񻷣ͭ棬ıը
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ӷһ֮󣬾ͿСû뵽ڡ
ͭʧٴγУ񻷿սķס֫ͷ֫
г˿־ɫûиоԼ֮Ľڵķȼÿһ缡·ΪһʵĶ磬ɢһɿֲҪǿ񻷵ķ
С˫ҧأɴδεĺӶͷϵ䣬ؿ񻷣εס䣬˿Ļᡣ
ʱҰ˵Ĺһʥݺᣬ˪ӰХ»ʥ׹ʥ񱩣䳹ûС
䣡
г׿񱩣嫵ʥƬ񷶼ûȥ
ۡ
һѵʬӰн䣬һǿߣʥ֮£Ҳ˺˷飬׹ȥ
ǿߣڵÿһѪ̺˰Ҳ·ɽѹ̮ȥ˾㤡

һ΢ͭӴһ˿΢Ĺ⻪ʬи˳ҰһץУɫ⻪һͭӵʥʧҰ
ܹնɱһλֵõһӵʥȱʥҰҲûа׷ѡ
ʱ򣬱Ҳˣǡÿ䱻˷ʬһĻѪȾ񷡣
һĻڶǿ߶ɵͣڷҰ˵ѹҿ̫
ϵʦȻǰǰǵˣ־ʧ
ǿаסԼĵ׵ľ˫ĿҰҧгݵĵշģұ㣬ݣ
ҰóѺ۱鲼Ǭߣһգѩܷܷû˽ȥʮأС󱲣ĳվǶҶ֣αشӣһ죬һ̤ƽǱ
ҰһʧУʣ±ڶɫǿߣһŸŭ׷ҪѷҰƤ
Զս˶һıģͬʱڷҰǿ
ڱĵһ·ƣڱſնɱ䴫ˣҴߡȬִӱĵһ·˳¾ǿնˣñڶǿ߶ֹǰ
澡ʧˣƺѾ˱˥΢Ǽ֤һλ콾
Ҫ˶þͻᴫ򣬷Ұһս


427 ϴǦ
Ұڱĵɱɱñɨأ޵£νһս
һĸֶˣǶ˲ֹһʥȴҰɱĸεѣ˶Ŀ࿴
ҰѪծۣе˲콾߳в˶õϢ׼;ɱ
ҰڱɱɱϢ֮󣬱ԷҰֵҡŹԪɽѡ˳Ĭǿߴʥ˸ɵˣȥɱҰ͸ûʲô
ҰѾƲɵųҪ̤ƽеѾĥôҰɼˡ
ϾܱȱҪǿöࡣ
ЩֻǼٵһ֣ҰôҲǸ̤ûõʿȻв׼Ұɱѿ׶Ρ
ĸֶûնɱҰж˸ӣʵǲġ
ǣҪԷҰ֣Ȼһ
ҰֱϢഫ˵ҲʼעҰˣһЩֶͨ鵽ΧɱҰϢ
ǶڰԲ²⣬ҰϱȻʲôرҲԶ˼
ЩҰӹŲɽ뿪֮ͶǬߴѩܷܷ뿪һ·ϴȥ
ոմгҰϵļͲɵö£ע£еǬ߻ѿһء
ǬǷҰ콾رϻؽģǸȱʥ˶֮ѺԽԽζ֮󣬳ױˡ
ҰԱĲȱʥ٣ֻǬרŴռʥ治
ҰӵйʮȱʥȴûһרռģǬߵ̶ȡ
ϰ˶Ǭ·ȻҰоЩϰߡ
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ǸһʧȥļʥҲѾҡˡ
ÿ𶼴ѪȣܹΪҲˡǶʢ֮ʱ˶ŭԣ±Ұնλǿߣļʥ˶֪Ѿʼ·ˣҲв˻侮ʯġ
ںܳһʱڣûٶԸҰˡ
Ұڱ⿴Ҳ͸δѱϣ˱ĵ̣ӰҲûжˡ
˵α֮еջͦģõļʥõľϵ컯еͨҶԼŴе̫𣬶Ǿı
ڣҰϵʥҲвˣļ֮⣬дӱõıžõĵʥõʥìӹ㺮칬еõľʥԼħõͭսꡢƽƺͻ쳤ǹȵȡ
ⷽҰеʥʮˣټѩܷܷϵĲ׷¡̨ѩϵ»ʥƿϵ߲׹ʥСϵ˫ǬʥͼȵȣǼ˵ļҵ׶һЩҪ
ϼ컯飬ǶԸϵһЩ˵Ŀˡ
Ǹ˵ľǸֵҪѷҽһҪѷҵʵС
һжҪص½ſһʵʩҰʱѹеͷĿԶ
ѩܷܷת޵ŷҰ˴½϶˻Ž֮ңǿڸǳԶ봫ʹ󣬴ﵽ½ϰǣͷϾͨ½Ĵֻ
ǶͻƵ磬ҲֻӺħзɹȻҪֻС
½ΪǴ֮أ̺޾أħؽ½һ֣κθֶУħҲ½һǵ
Ұ΢˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷڲûʲôҲûҪôеԶ봫ʹˣͶԼΪϹȥɣ;ȻңһȥѣԶ봫ʹĻҪǼѴˡ
ŵܻΪȻСڣϧǸսҰܻЩŵѣǷǳмġ
Ҫ½ǡÿԴ·ҰȥЩڶˡ
˵Ұɺ쳾ȾҰǸԸ׹쳾ú쳾֮ġ
Բͬ飬òͬĴ̱ģʱʱ½С
˶ԴĲ֮ͬ˵˭˭ÿһж֤ؼԼԺŬ
ҰҪһ·ȻĸϷѩܷܷȻûЦͷ
ѩһ˫˵΢΢𣬿ЦǾһ·ɹȥɣһûڴ½Ϻúõأһ·ϵǿԺúõطɷ顣
ҰŻЦСã¶һ˿ЦݣЦǾͺúõһвΨһзʽҲǱزٵģ
һ˲δʲôǰУֱӶԼƵϷǰС
䣬ƾ棬֮䣬Ȼľķʢϡ裬ǿʳܹǲһĸܣڴø̡
ÿʱǾͻᶼĳطͣ죬񼤵ʱҲȫٸ·޶
ӱɱɱ֮󣬷ҰϾһļµɷһɱĲбвɱɱ
һ·ûʲô۵ļһҰҲѵõķ
Ϊ׷ɵԵʣҰϵɢ٣ǹļµɷǱȫ뵽֮УԼ
Ұϱӵеͱ˵ƣҲȫ͸ƽͣвʱ˿˿񻪣ʾĲ
Դ̤콾Ұһֱûôй󲿷ʱ䶼սηų֮÷ҰһϴǦʼĸ
ԼУеԼΪֻҪһʵͿ̤뵽ڣ
Ұı仯Ҳѩܷܷ˶һҰǰʱɱ̫ˣǻ浣ķҰһɱ¾
ҰϴǦ֮󣬵ûһǡ
һͣͣµʱ䣬ٴ⡣
ң̫žްǣҰĿ룬һʱпǧ
ǰ״̤еʱ򣬻Ǹո̤СʿͱǸʦԲл¸˻ҽ
ѾǸǿߣٴμǣ÷Ұһֻĸо


428 
ǣߴΰ̫žް̾ǰ϶ۻĳǽϲʱһĪطģǳضڣ͸һļµѹ
·Ϊ֮ľ޴󷨣жڣػ޴ĳС
ھ޴ĳǰڽЩһϢĹӸЩ׺ʦеĶпͣЩǽǿֵˡ
ٴǣҰĲһ˿ݷĻڵ̫һĪ궯
Ұаȣ뵽̸ܻǵʱ˵˵һͷʥڴ˴š
ܻԼôĻзʥ޵ϢǸ˵ҲУ˴ûзţҲȻء
ÿ޳֮жػһǷֹ֣ǷֹǿжʱУΪṩһĵط
֮еĴѾƬΪһ壬ǿ򣬾㷽ҰѾͻƵ磬ңңӦ֮£Ȼɲ⡣
ֿܹסԼѹܸо˴ЩطԼǵġ
ȻڷУԱȷ˴ڵ޸ӾԶصܣҲ
Ұһ˲δӸ߿շɽȥǸһ𣬴ӳſ˽ȥ
гˮУ̯λ鲼ֽﲻʲôĶС
ϺõĻ£ů̽ıرװҪ̽رĿԿˣ
˰ĻΣϴ裬ǿֻҪ׾
ǧĹǣ׵Ҳһˣ
˿ףмڹؼʱ̾һ˸൱ڶһй·Ҫ

ޱȣǰûʲôͬķ٣ͬ֡
ϰ˻ҰдɱɱȻ뵽֮УҰһָĸо
ҰѾͻƵ磬쳣̣ʱΪЩΪǿ˺ڳˡ
Ⱥڶ࣬ÿһ˶Լϲŭֲ㽻֯Ϊһε֮εס
Ҫֵطе߾磬ɱɽеҪöࡣ
Щ֮ڽӽҰߵʱ򣬶Զų˳ȥ޷κεӰ졣
ҰһӣлЩ˽ģеǻû̵λöδģ÷ҰһϤİС
ѩܷܷڳеֲȤѩСһȴϲ֣²Ŀ⿴ǣһӡ
ǹ𣬷ҰҲˣлûܹʲôΣա
СһҲ֪ŵ¸ۡڵλãҰѩܷܷһʢ龧ĴָҲԼȥˡ
ҰѩܷܷһڳвţµĿΧ۵ĸŴŵ¸ۡƵ˹ȥ
ҰϴǦ֮ɷȫǸĹӸ°ѩܷܷվһʳֱһԶɾ£Ľ۹⡣
һƮݵİҡȴԶѩܷܷʱ˫ĿȻϹһ˿ΪЦݣֱӺ˷ҰѩܷܷңңһЦλС㡭
ߣҰһɫ΢䣬絶Ķϡ
ҵŮˣͣԼʣҪǸĻ죬Ҿͻϣ
ҰϴǦûֻǱøˣϵѹ˿δ
ײŭŭɷٳǣ
ڷҰĿ£ǸоǱһͷԶ޶Ƶģĺëȫһ仰δ˵Ͳ˵ȥˣĿⲻתƵ˷Ұϡ
뵽ԼݣЩɫĵСӣǺţҵǸƣҶҿǲˣ
ѩܷܷµĿǳЦֱҰĸо
ƣҰ΢΢üͷ뵽˵ǸǻΪټԼ½й˸λãȴδϵ쵹Ǽ˹֮ӡ
ҰĵںƵķϣһɡ
ǺƶԷҰҲǿͿҪڨҲδʲô飬ҰҲӣƽˡ
ɫ࣬˫ĿŷҰߵСӣ֣ҵţһڵģ
һݻתͷҪȥ
ӦԼǷҰĶ֣£ԥ׼߰ȱ
ΧѾв˶ע⵽˴˴Ǻٴ˺һЩ϶Щɵ
ҲһЩ˿ҰĿгɻ󣬷Ұһʱ䣬Ҳ¶˼棬ȻһЩ˶ӡģȴ޷϶
Ұ˫Ŀһâɲϲвǹ֮ӣвҲ֮
ڷҰ붯ֽѵѵʱ򣬺ǰ治ԶͼһͷĻߴһҩ˳ǡ
ҲǸߣ¶һ˿ϲɫңң󺰵˸۸ңһҪΪ
Ҳ˷Ұ˿ٴԭƾʧֱӳںǰ
ʱȻ˲ƣ
۸ҺݺݵؽѵѵŴϲݺݵĶŷҰƺѾ˷Ұľ档
ҰЦЦǻߣеĺȴΡ
⻪߲ǱˣǺƣ
㺫޷ԼһҰҲѵѵӡ
ž
һƽŴ˳ȥŵİݶ˺üţһ´Ҳݵġ
һ֣˶ˣɴ۾ǲǰһС
ŸǱɵƵģһһָŷҰŵĵˣ
ɫֱ䣬˼ĳںߣһŽ߷˳ȥƬѪҪ˵Ҳ˵ˣһſھѪ
ųˣǼΨһһжҲСһƶǳ磬֪鷳ҲǴûд
֪ΪΣȴ˵еֵĲ⡣
ΧҲЩɻ󲻽⣬֪Ƶ׷ʲô裬ǰԼĶ֡
Ȼǣƴ˺֮󣬾ȻŷҰ˸ЩĵȮð˷ӣѾݺݵؽѵȥٹһգϣӿһ
Ұ̲ĵĶӣֵϷŮϷδͷϣǺô簡
ƵĶͷһ㺹ˮ˿ҰѾͻƵ磬ʦԲô
ң˵˷ҰڱѪ飬ڷҰǴľηԼĶӸҵϷҰδޣµϣĵƾһ磬⼸꺫һֱչ˵ĺܺãϣӿԸ󣡡
ţҰɫ΢΢һЩİ˰֣Ҹֻ˳ͻҲδʲô飬һʬˡҵҲЩ飬ôˣϣԺԺúù̶̹ܽܽӡ
Ƴ˿󳹵ױ亹ʪ֪ԼĶǼһźŭȵӣҰǸ
ӣѵǷҰ
ҰлһңúƵ˸СӾȻ治֪ôģ
˵ҰǰЩڱɱɱ֮ѪɱǿںƵϣſˣ
⺫žǸӵܣаŮҰһҲãʵʵˡ

Զ˶۷׷ףȻҰĴ
˾ǷҰһ亹ԼüʱһɾҪ촦ˡ
ѩܷܷһ۶ٿŷҰȥ߶µĵԲҲ֪ǷӣֿĵǸϣܹԭңԺһĹ£
Ұİ˰֣ˣˣ죬ħٽֶѳã˺ˣ˶ܵۡˣǵ͵ã
Ųסĵͷ֪ԷǷҰ֪֮ԼǷҰĶ֣˼
ߵؼȥԼȥҷһ겻ţٸǣԴĹȣ
ӦǣҲҷ뿪ˡ
Ұ̾˿Ȯӣ÷ӼЦˡ
ҰеʧЦǻڰ֣Ҫӹ̹̲ܽܽС
һһúõع̹ܽܽ˶ԷӺӲȥ͡æӦǡ
ҰЦһȥݷ½ģڻǴȥŵĸۡһЩѣ
Ҳ˵ϻ·ŴŵķС


429 ּܻ
Ұѩܷܷһ𣬸ںߣŴŵ¸ۡ˹ȥ
ڿǵķȴһŮ·õ;˶Щȡ
ȵǵ֪ǷҰʱϲ¶Ȼɫ
ҰڱɱɱϢѴ򣬺ߣҲûݡ
ͬʱ˻Щ𾪣ʵ޷Ǹɱıû˿֮ôꡣ
ȵǵ֪ҰǼǰ߸лǸʱ򣬸ڷҰĳɳٶȡ
ǰֻǸСѾֳɳٶȣֱţ
ٿҰߵѩܷܷ续Ҳ³Ůѩ崫ѩܷܷһ˵еľη֮ĸء
ҲЩ࣬ԼǲĶӾȻϷѩ崫ϣԼüʱͱˡ
ҰѩܷܷδޣҲаܹ˵ϹϵҰĳɾͲ
һ·ϣҰڲոշĲ죬ź΢ѯ´Ȼ֪޲ԡ
꺫ԣҰаԾȡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪȪԵʣŵЩϳԱΪͻͽΪ׵ܻѾͻƵʦڣСӨҲͻƵʦ磬ܻĴ£ȾǰȻҲٲ½ͺƵ˵չˡ
һ·̸ѩܷܷǾ̸廰˺ܿ͵˴ŵǸµĸۡ
ۡŵƽʣſŴϲ֣߹ңԺǽ͸϶źɫޣһϲա
źԶҰͿ˴¸ı仯ȵźƵô¶
Ϲһ˿ЦݣĻ漰ʱǴŵųܻ͸ųСϲӣʱϲϼϲ
ϸҪˣҰŨü΢϶һ˿Цݣ뵽ǸԼСҰǸˡ
ܻҲӽʮˣСҲʮˣͨ˵΢˵˵Ƿǳġ
ʿʢʦʿÿ˶ܻ꣬ǿɻǧ꣬ʮģں
ǽ̸ʱվſڵļҲǼˣһߴϽӭЦŹֵ٣ų϶ǳ˵ģ
æŷӶλǰ㻹֪ͨһϵܰɡ
ӣߴĿתƵ˷Ұϡ
ѩܷܷʱĿ˸һ˿޵ɫϽĿת˹ȥڷҰϣ΢΢¶һ˿ɻ
ţ˷ܵĺ˳㣬ǷҰӣڼǰһ棡
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Ҳ˲ˣæſڵһӣϽȥ֪ͨλų˵ӵˣȴȥ
һĿĴɨҲҵһСܵŴƸۡ˽ȥ
ҲĿŷҰˣԴڴд꣬С̸š
ǷҰôô᣿
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ߵŮ˭ǸɫҲֻзܹŮӡ

ʣµǼСЦ̸ţǶǴŵˣǰûмҰȻڴ꣬Ƕ˷ܡ
ֵģɺͳվˣСӴţȴǽȥߴЩȳһȴŷҰŴƸۡ˽ȥ
ҰЦѵȻмѻǼĻʹһɡ
Ұ˵ȻǷѩͻСڣ⼸һﲻ֪ȥȥˣָʲôʱء
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ˣҰЦŵ˵ͷǸߴ뵽˴Ƹ֮ۡС
һ·ͥԺۡϲ󣬷ҰҲ˲ٴŵĳԱ󲿷ֵΪ£ԶԼĸƺͷҰˣ¶˿˿ɫ
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ܻ󣬹СӨԼһЩŵϳԱڡ
Ұʱ˵϶¶һ˿ϲɫҰߵѩܷܷʱӨⲻԾ£ϸֳһ˿įһš
Ұδע⵽Өɫ仯Цųܻӭ˹ȥЦҲû뵽ϸϲӣ粻ɣⱭϲƣǺȶˣ
ԵְϲƣҹܹλǣܻЦĿתƵѩܷܷϡ
Ұѩܷܷ֫Цδޣѩܷܷ
Ұ˻һڣ˵ĿⶼѩܷܷϣӨɫ˲Ȼ
ܷܷϲܴˣѩܷܷǳЦɽѩţ·ƬضʧȥɫʣþĶǡ
ͬϲͬϲܻЦһϲɫ
СվܻߣŷҰЦЦĵҲվˣ°ɣѾõ衣
ڶ࣬˷ֱȻλԵúǿϣĿ
ŵķչЩҵԤϣϸĴ£չĵͦѸٵİҰΧһЩŵĹǸɣ΢΢¶һ˿֮ɫ
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ССְˣֵܾͲҪЦˣûȵģڱɱɱˣĳɾͣǵԤϡܻҡͷЦŷҰ˴Ĵָ
Ұһ裬ƢζЦնɱһ֮˼
˶˿Ȼ˵Ұ飬ЩôţʱҰ׿ڳϣ֪Է顣
ҲʼѯʷҰһЩҰԼľ򵥵˵£Ҳ˾Ϊ˷Ұľ𾪡
аԸпҰܹȡڵĳɾͣ治ǽҡ


430 
Ӽǣ½ݻᣡģ⴫һۻϵ
ҰŨü΢΢¶һ˿Ц⣬벻½Ҳˡ
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431 ִ
Ұ˵ж½µȷһЩܣڸոͻƵʱȥѵһļµѹҲδܽ뵽档
Ұ˵ͷġ
ô˵ܻϲӣʱҲϾȥϸ̽ǵطһֻܻ֮ܵ˵ˡ
˵ĻתƵзϣħټ೬Ĵ˶ʼ˼䣬һַĸо
ܻסȰƣ֮½˲ŸȥҰȴֱӾڴƸۡˡ
ڶ죬̫δŵĸۡͿʼŵƽʣϲա
ŵĳԱһͿʼ˸߲ҵӭűͣƸۡ
ܻһϲɴۣ棬ϲЦտӭŸλǰϲǡ
ҰҲܻæŽӴȻԼ˰ˣæòֺ
ͷһͣڴƸۡſڣ쳣ĺƴ
᳤̻ͨŵϵһ
ٱǧɽǧһ飡
ƵϺҹһţ

һߺһһǵĴЯŵĳԱ뵽˴Ƹ֮ۡС
ܹŵĳԱֵˣǷǳˣμӻ˱ֺø֪ǵݺ͵λӰ͵ﶼֵơ
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ʱƣķԽԽأһЩоͷﶼʼˣһߺ
ǻٵˮһţ
ǸƵҩ֦һ꣡
ǳ½絽ƷҩԪһţ

źƺ½˵ĵеȾǰδеҳ̶ȣܻԽӭ˴֮С
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˾ȵĿУͼһİ̤Ĳɹܻϲ
½ĽԶһԣܸҰʶ
Ҳ֪½米ǷˣҪ˻ᣬ÷뷽Ұ˴Ϲϵ
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޻ӻൽѪɺһ꣡
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Ǹˣ󲿷ֶ봩ŶûģǳŷҰӶģóе
ʱѵأ쳣֡
ܻ˶ʦһЩȽҲأܻ˺ͷͬ
ҰЦǰȥóһװŵҩƿܻУЦŵϲϸСϲǼϸҲˣȻҪʾʾŵҩ°ɣҲǵһ⣡
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ȼԽߵĵҩԽǿԵЧľͺҷõĻл˷ҩЧ˵𵽷á
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½һϱһϣĿⲻʱתƵҰһϣʱصͷ̸۵ĻҲйء
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½ŷҰ˱ƣֵܾͲǫˣľ֮ˣһܳΪһλƷʦģ


432 Ϊ
ҰÿɷЦЦпƷʦ½Ҳ̧̫ˡֵ鲻٣ȴδ˵˭ǾƷʦҪΪƷʦɲô׵顣
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Ұ˫Ŀйâ䣬ħֶͨѹʮ꣬һҲвǿӿֳңлŲǿߣӦòһħҪ򵱳׳Ҳûôף
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Сɽܻй⻪˸˵һƬߵ򣬾˵кüγ뽫˴˾סն֮Ҳ˴һĪ˷ǳһļµݷţҲûϸ̽
ҰԵͷԶ͸оһ޵ԼڵĻ涼ûԾ
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С촽ĵϴϸ̽˺ü飬طĻ涼ռһЩмطĻԶطŨŲ飬ȷطԴͷӦþط֮һ档
Ұ½棬ųѾ֪ͨ½ȥˣҪ˶ͻᵽˣᡣ
Ұδ䣬͸ӦԶһǿ΢ˣ


433 ص
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½絭Ц˵ȷһֽšҵ˻˵أƽ׶ٴηˡ
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˪Ӱʣѩܷܷͷ˿˿Ƶĺɫ⻪˿˿⣬˶ڡ
к˪ӰػҰҲЩοϻвٵĵƣħҲѾָҪʲôĻҲԴӦ
Ǻ˪Ӱ𣿡ܻ½˶̧ͷۿĿĽ𾪡
ҲͶʮļ󲿷ֻѾʷˣһֱδ»Ȼеĺ˪ӰǶһΰĸо
ѩܷܷͷ½һϴƾԼ޷룬Ҳܹ룬̽µȫò
Աϣ½統Ǹڴȥ롣
˵أҲϤǰ棬Ҳܷġ
ص֮󣬲ûеôڰ͸˿˿⣬Ѩѣ쵽֪Զ
ҰŨü΢ףﾫȻ޷ţ
˶Ӧ£ɫ΢䣬˿ѩܷܷͷĺ˪Ӱ΢һЩȻ˾衣
ĻЩŹ֣ƺԹʿڵһ˿ԴΪĻпܻᱻԼĵȼΪҽСĵ㣡½˵ͷһ䣬ſʼǰ·
½һߴ·һ˽ţͨͨķĵĵصףһ·޾Ĳ·ڣ˴ξ͸ȻԹƵġ
ǵ룬ʯͷʼɢ˿˿⣬һƵġ
ڵصмʮʱܹһŻʯͷȼţʯͷյͨ죬ǵΪǿҲܹܵһɹϮ
ź˪ӰܻͳܲסҪ˳ȥˡ
ҰΧĻ棬¶˿˿ɫܵĻȼ쳣ʢҾЩƣȴͬȵЩ̻ǵҾˡ
ֻǣҪܾԶ²У˴ѾһҾҪٴεһ飬ǾͲ֪Ҫȵˡ
һ·쳣ѹ֣ҰΪʲô޵ģȴӰӶûҲʡȴһֽš
֮ǾӰ㱼ڵڳеصת֮󣬾ͼ𺳵һĻ
Χȫյͨʯһҽڵصʣ޾ͷҽðݣ͸һļµѹѹ˴
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ҰŷڵҽƬ̣Ŀٴתҽʳķ򣬳˴ʲôҲӦԴͷĵطߣȥ
ҰԱϣҽԴͷλø˹ȥ
˽ϣк˪Ӱػܵȫѹ⣬˵ĸоҲܣҲܼ֡
޿ײѹѹͷһɽƵġ
˳ҽʮľ룬ڿҽԴͷ˶ɵϢһ͡
ҽ֮Уһϥҽ֮У׷ң񣬹ͷɼ˫ְź͸ڵϿ˴ƣ˫ִ·ҽ֮С
˫Ŀգݣûκεȴ͸һĻѹ
ѹͷǹɰѹǴӴڴ
Ȼûκε͸ǹѹȴȵλħҪǿ
Ұһ˶˿Һг˺Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽˴Ȼһǿߡ
ǿѹѵǸʥ𣿡ܻϳ𾪣ѹͣΨ־˴ˡ
½ﾪȵŴͣ૵ĵǴ˵ǵΪλᱻţ˭
ҰĿǴ˫еϣӲǴƵģһϤĸоʲôطƵġ
ѩܷܷйתڵĵ۶ɵ˵ʥ;ܹ۳ѵһʥͲɣ
Ұɫ΢ˣ½ǿħ֮УסǸħģҲֻȴҪ¡
ҲԲ²Ǹʥֻͣȴ֪Ϊλڴ˴
໣
˵񶼱ʱ򣬶ȻҽдһҽĴɽһֻɫƬľ޴ƴҽ̽˳һɺƴʥֱץҰˡ
ħʥͣҰ˫΢˳


434 ħ
ɫƬƴҽ̽˳кƵһ֮֮·ʱ䶼ûˣָһʱմҵĸоһ֮С
䣡
Ұ˼ļ˵ʥһ޴ĵâֻ޴˹ȥͬʱȵˣ
ѩܷܷȫ˪ӰºƺƵĺɫĻ˼˺
ʥĵâնֻ޴֮ϣҰԸٶź˹ȥõâ裬㷽Ұһ·жҲеһѪڣɫɷס
ֻƵİٷ֮һûУȴȻ÷Ұþ޷ƽʥ͵ίʵ¡
ֻ޴׾ͽʥĵâ飬δͣŷҰڵĵط
ﬣ
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ţֹͣ˵ľ޴ƾͱһɴק󷽣ҽ·ٴδһʵҽ񱩷
Ұ˶һ亹ſȥƣʱſ巢ʲô¡
ֻƬľ޴ϣһ󶴣淢һյĻɫԣɢһɹɺôĴֻ֮Ӳ˻ȥ
·ҽӿȣΣϡɼһɫľŲ㱦һɽҽУҫ۵һһ·ס˾Ų㱦
Ұ˿Ʋħʥ;ǱУĿתƵǸϡ
ǸȻǸղŵӣ˫Ŀգݣû˿
ֻеǸȴҫ۵Ļɫâĳɵһ㣬һ嫵طĴǵû뵽·ҽУʹ·ҽٴλָƽ
ȵ·ָƽֵǸϵĹҲʧȥκ鶼ûзʱġ
һۣȫ˺Ȼ
ڸոʱ򣬷Ұһ̫ħһƷĸоֶξҲԿ⣡
ոֻƲûϣһɴʥƷ磬ĵǾЩˣ⻹Ϊк˪ӰػԵʡ
ǽƾԼΪֿһ¾ǲҲѲƤ
½ڴϢţѾƽҽ˿ҺҿûߵĻˣ˴Ȼѹһħʥͣǳϣ
˵Ҳǳĳأողֻ޴֮£Ƕһµĸо
ǵĿⶼתƵǸϣСܻƣԶĿߣȻ𣿡
˶ĬˣǸҽϵߣ˭Ҳҿ϶Ƿ񻹻š
˵ˣȴסһħʥͣոǹסħʥ͵ǴӺζ
˵δΪħʱȴûаӦ
ҰȻ뵽ħʶļһѯʥ͵ǻ
壿ʥͣħ΢΢ЩȻЦ壬Ҳʥ͡
壿ʥͣʲôҰˣԶλߣĿг˲졣
ħ͵ĵ˵ıһͷֻ̤뵽ʥ;磬ֻʥʥͣŲҲʥʥȴܹһѹһʥͣҲһ콾ˡ
ѵ˵ǵ־˶ĲɣʥȴܹѹʥͣôҰϳ𾪡
Ұ²⣬ŲӦø쵶࣬й֮ʥȴʥĻҲƾѹסһλʥ͡
ħƽĵ۴˹䣬Լǧ꣬ǴڵʱԶȴ˴ڵʱҪǰ֣ŸĳɵǡһЩبųǣеֶǹ̶ġ
ǧǰ˵ѹǸħʥǧǰѹģħ岻ÿʮŻ𣿡Ұɻ
ħ̾һʮǴ֣ƽʱżҲһЩħԵɺ֮УҲشѡһΣһʥͺڵħǿ⽵Ԫ½½ɱͿ̿ӲİԪ½ӵľŴг½ʥͣǸħʥǿգȫûл
ħͣ£÷ҰúЩϢżѹڴ˴ħʥͣǸոճΪʥ͵ħ壬ʵǿǧǰ뵽УȴͷδʥĻѹˣҲ
Ұʹգ˼۾ٷħԵЩϢ
ħԣŴ򲢷һɲģͱûʲôԪ½ҲǾŴ֮һȴûʷ֮ˡ
Ҳ֪жħ뵽֮Űеĸ콾֮ѹˣΪ֪
ڼģеһͷﲢû֪˭ȴԸΪػ򣬽ԼĴǰȫΪѹһʥͣȻ𾴡
Ұǿߣħѯʵǻ
ħû˿ĵ˲ʥܹͣǧ꣬Ҳ;ƿݵĵزˣһֱ֮䣬ǾͷħʥѾӼ״̬˳⼸ͱǿжɽˣڵ״̬ʮа˾Ż䡣
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Կߴʱ״̬Ҫȹبźʥ֮٣ûκϣ
ҰһѯʵˣͷħʥؽֻһѪȷ硣ѵû취𣿡
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Ұ̾˿΢Щء
Ϊǵԭôһǳһħʥͣ½ֵͿ̿ǿ»ھһӡ
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ʥʥ˴£ֻҪܹô˰ȻʥҲںˡ
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ҰԵͷҲֻһһˡ
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ʱһװͻȻȫһѪڣǰҽӸǷ졣
˵ĿȻǿϣ½˷ܵѿڶû
ħƽڷҰԺ𣺡Ѿʼˣգʥ֮پͻ¡ʱ򣬾Ϳ컯ˡ


435 ˺һ
ûκε˶ΪѾˣȴȻһ£ӹĺƬ綼ںХ
˵ĿⶼתƵ˿ϣǸ߻һƽû˿һؿľƵġ
ڷڵѪδƽǻΪոǻþ
ݿµߣҰ˶
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ãٴδһװȸղǵӵĺƴ·ҽھҷڡ
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ʱƣʱԽԽ̣ÿһһĸӴѹҰѹһˡ
úֱ͸ըƵģΧɽʯ£ƬصҪױһ㡣
Ұϴһ޴ĺ¡죬ٲɽӱڣǿڵѪҺ
ѪҺأߵĹҲʼɢɫӫ⣬ĲƤҲʼ͸ӨĹ
ߵ˫Ȼգȴڲ֪жһ˿޵ĺ棬ǿݼŵ϶һ˿
ÿһǶҡβѣǵǶΪ˵һֲ̿ѡ
쵽۷ʱѪҺֿʼûȥվȫݷҲκ
Ͽʼɢɫϼ⣬ޣ˶ʥһַâԲ֮Уȴݷһļµ
ڵصײ֪ҹ֪˶ãߵٴδһ޵ԽԽ󣬴ﵽ۷ʱٴСȫȥ
һˣô飿ܻüͷԶǸԼ·ڵҽʳĵ׵ɻ
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Ѫʱ䣬ʱ֮Ϊã˺һ½ﾪ죬˫Ŀйâһֲĸо
Ұȵ½һۣû뵽½Ҳһ㣬˵츳һ콾ӶҪǿö࣬ľֵõ˼ĥԺĳɾͱȻ
峿ǳ̫Ƶģš
磬׻ģ졣
йٴλȥϾޡ
ҹ֮ʱȫţû˿
µһ쿪ʼ֮ٴβܶʼϢ
ѭϢΪãֶѾˡ
ѩܷܷ΢΢ף˵ľ񳹵ȫƬ罻һ𣬶صĸѾﵽһּĵزʱڽָ֮ò˶ãͿٴλָ۷壡
ѩԶǸߣɫŹֵĵ磬ܹоڻָ֮Уһɽ¥ѹָС˾һ񹭣Բʱ򣬱Ȼᷢһѵ׼ȫħʥɱɣ
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ܻ˵۾Ȼɴ󣬵ʧ˳˵סħʥ͵˻ʥͣôܣʥôܹסʥͣ
ҰĿǸߣ̾˱֪жУΪ֪˾㲻ʥͣҲѾֻ̤뵽ʥ;֮УΪסħŽˣ˲࣬壬䱾һͷ
ҰħԶˣ˵϶Ŀ࣬½ɫ쳣ľʣŵĵ˶ʮ꣬˵ʥ;ķţû뵽Ȼġ˵ֻǸʥܹѹסʥͣҲѾʥˡ
СĿȻĵȫݷ͸һɳʥɣ۷ʱڣͻƵʥ;缸ʮþȵ顣ֻڵ״̬»вС鷳
Ұ̾ǾǸħʥŽ˴Ӽ״̬л˳ĹǧˣѾ;ƿݵĵزɽٵĻǸħʥͺɻİͻڼ֮佫ڵĸɡˣòɽ٣ʥ֮پ⼸ˡ
˵ɫ쳣ѿ˶ɽٳɹ˵ܹѹħʥͣ˶ɽʧܣͷħʥ½Ϳ̿
½ɫȻˣĿɵǸߣɫصĵҪɽٵĻǶҪ꣡Уұ֪ͨǵľǸϽ뿪
ҰҲ˳ȥʥ֮٣̫ĻҲľ档
˿˻صУʱĻ̻ˣÿһܹص״Ƶ֮жҡţһħƵġ
ʱΪ½縸ʧӰ٣챻̤ˣǵľ񶼻̻̲
½ӵص׳֮󣬵һʱͷһǵѹһħʥͣӡ⼸ͻ飬뿪˵أάֺ򣡡
½Ļ˶£Ƕʼ˶ʼʰȥе˸ҪͷܣʼӴܣﻹ˵άʲô
Ӻͷĵ½ôƭ˰һͷҪɽٳʥϵôᶼûΪħʥһְ
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Ұ΢΢˵ͷ㸸ҲΪǵľǣʥ˴£ǹƾҪΪɻˡ㸸ӵһ
½ҡҡͷЦûôֹۣҵ֪ͨǣҲв˳Ż̬ȣϾʥ;̫ңԶˡЩǿ߸һףΪҵͼǲ뿪ġ
Ұͷıԣκγ鶼Ż̬ȣһ˿裬˲½Ҳ֮С
½ǵǶʼ½ϵٴδʲôţǸħʥ֣ҲҪڼ֮㹻ʱˣԴԼļҾ죬˳뿪Լĸλ뿪ְأɱۣ


436 ʥ֮
ǳ½򣬳άǵʹǵɵ뿪
ǵ򼫴ҲвǧҺǿŴڣǶ½ԲôţڽһӢӵǲ뿪֮ȻС
ҲѭǹķѰ˹ȥ˳ŷҰȥͨҲ뵽˵ص֮Уȴδܿط˳
мǿд棬ҲδϵҽӵԴͷͱǹĪȼڵĵӲĽԼΪ˻ҽ
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ѾʮҾſգ󲿷˶˳ȥ֪һħʥǿûͣ
һһϢǿʿǧλùҪдϢǼ٣ҪһħʥĻ½Ҫϴˣֻȴûж»ʥͳ֡
ڷҰ˼ǿߵĵھ죬ǵϿտʼ۳һīĺƲ㣬໥֯Ϊһյĺƴơ
˸ŵɫ磬ǧﶼܹӦ̺ĻԵ֮ǿѹ˵궼ڲֱԻأ
ȻͣеɫˣŽеĺһʼʧ롣
ϧʱʵĸѹǶڣƬռ䶼ȫסʱҪ뿪ˡ
ᣬһĩٵĸо
𣡡
´һ϶ۻĴͼǶʼεض𣬷һĺ¡죬аɵػ˳̫ͬɽǳϸ߿ա
Ұ˫Ŀйâ˸ԶͼǸ˫ĿйâƵ磬ȣһֻƸ߸Ͼ٣Ƕ
Ȼݹ᾵ӣǿݵȴǲһɽƵģӵ޾ǿ·ԽƬ񷶼飡
ȫһ޴ɽǺХƮ˳ȥƽȵǧ⣬һƴĺ
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е˶һֽٺĸоԶ߿ǸӰж˾ηһĸм
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ŰԵֻƳǣһųΪ
ҰеľظŨЩڵ״̬ͲѣҪ˷еľ񣬼˵ıһ壬ȻӮ˷Ұľء
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һо֮ӻڴһͷͷӰӻڳΧХ衣
ſ޿ڣɵƵģƬƬ븹Уһͭ¯Ҫ߿е׽پΪС
أأء
ദըһѪȪʣѪȪճ־ͱըΪɻҡ
ʥ˽׿ɲͬһĽף̴Դǿǿܹܵġ
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һգпʼһ֮߶һı飬ȡеʱ䷨õıӵ貣侧Ө͸
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Ȼһ˻ӵصһħƴӵصڶ𣬹һֻɫƬľ޴ƣֱŲеͷ˹ȥ
ãҰѿڶȻ
ĿֻɫѾû
Ϊ˶Կʥ֮٣ͷｫһħʥȻСˣħʥȻѾѹǧ꣬ԶԶ۷״̬ҲһľԱģȻµˡ
ħƽ𣺡þţŽǸʼɱٻں档ӦˣҲûʸʥˡ
Ұһһʶ
ħһ֪̫ˣ·ûʲô֪һ㣬ֻ˵ȴҰΪȻҰϣͷ԰Ȼȹʥ˴١

գһӽֻɫ޴ɨȥ˰ָ̽޷ٳ߿ա


437 Ż
Ұ΢ͷħʥѹǧ֮ҲѾ˴룬Ѳ֮ˡ
ħʥͣԶ˶˳
ոռɽٵʱǾ뵱ȻΪ½ƭǣֻѸߣóʧ꼰㣬û뵽¾Ȼһħʥ
˸е𾪵ǣħʥڸոձͷѹˣȫ߸ǵۡ
ͷﻹʥͣȴǿƵѹʥͣ
ͷڰΣϣͷ԰Ȼȹ׽٣ȻĻͷħʥ˶군
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һʱ̣С½Ӧ˴˴һǿʿоѣĿ⺧Ȼķ
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˶һ˫ĿԶ
ʥͣڴ˵֮УȻ˶ɸ˵Ӧöʥ˴ȴļ˵̫á
ȴڶʥ˽٣ܴ˳ɲɹ˶ᱸܹ裬Ͼ֤ʥˣҲңɼ
ۿ˶ʥ˽٣ÿ˵ж洦һϢǿʿ˷Ŵ˴۶Ҫ۹ۿ˶ɽ١
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ЩǿߣʮϢ˶Ǵھĸ֣ȫڰûԶԶۿŻɽ١
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ҰаԾ裬ѾǸǿߣ֮Ҳ֮Ȼδ޵еĵزκʱҪһݽģûδɵˡ
񱩵׽죬ǿֱӺһƬ׵Ԩ׽Х䣬ѪȾ׺Ψ
׽һһ׽̺һʱڻڣըһѪڣ˿˿ʱ֮ʼ뵽֮С
Хһһȵƣ߳Ȼһӣǣ貵Ųҽϲ񷣬ֱֱϸ߿յ޾֮С
ŲǸƵģһգžͣ
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ħһЩڷҰԺ˵ͷҲ򵥰ȻҽħʥϢͷų׽ٵ׽кúõʥ֮Ĵ
Ұһ͵ĵĿԸܶɹԺ֮·ߵҲԶ
ħÿɷĵɽ٣ɵĲǽ׽٣Ľѡ澳ʥѾˣֹ׽ٿ񱩣»Σա
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ŲǸħʥ͸ħħʥƵģþŲھҡΡ
䣬һħħսһ߷ֳһɹǿ˳û뵽Ų֮УѹǸħʥ͡
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ҰԶǶѽ̿߬ȭͷҪһȴΪֻĿţڴ漣
һƬ֮УƬؼ䶼һѹ֡


438 ħʥ
ʽƻתţһɹɺ嫵ӽѹ䣬һס
ŲѺ۱鲼дǸħʥ˻ھҵĻζš
ͷȻûκηӦѾƵġ
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ͼһͷаǵħб˳нɸߴ󣬶أϷڶŨҵħ졣
͸ħϡԿž޴ħɢѪɫħ⣬һԼⳤ׽·űĹԣɫƬצϺһɫβҡڣѹ죡
໣һңôãڵ;ƿݵĵزˣҲҪ㣬ҪƬ½ϵѪʳ̵ֲͨͨôģǸħʥЦһ˻ֻɫƬֱ۾ҵ趯ţ졣
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Ұ΢΢˿¶һ˿Цݣºˣͷڶɹʥ˽ˡ
ħƽĵ˵̫ˣ߿˵
Ұ̧ͷȥüͷɵɻĵʵǵƺû˿ͣ˼ô¶
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Ұص˵ͷһգգŰеͷ
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ʵĽѾʧոձŻٻǸҲڿСϡɼϢ
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ħ֮оͿΪԪ޾ЩΪǿħ壬ҪɱǣϾǲܵ顣
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Ұһħʥ
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Զ˶̲סɫ䣬ոŪһҵħʥð˸ħʥһȸոǸħʥӵǿ
ʥͣʲôʱôձˣ
ж㷲ʱĻǴڸնʥٵڣεֵסͷħʥ
ͷ䣬˭ֿܵͷħʥ
һٻΪǸߣ׷Ө貣ɿݵļ͸¶һɱԣѾû뵽ڣŲ
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һ£֮սԽܹķΧҲ󣬻ֱӻΣԼѹ͡
䣡
һ촫˽гױ¶һڵĴ񱩵ʥ˺ѿһ޴Ŀռѷ졣
߿ٵ׹գص˱׺ԨĴ֮ϡ
ϿѿһĴѷ죬ԶɽʼڴڷĿꡣ
ŲҲ׹գ⻪ȸղࡣ
ʥҪʥʱԽʥѹԽǿ
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Ǹħʥ¶壬ͷǣ̫飬ֳһʥǹϲɫƬһף˿Ե͸һаĿ
·Ԩӿֳһŭ⣬ɱڡ


439 
Ƶѻңǧǰʧ٣ò׸Ӧ˻ңϢǡ˶ʥٴ˻ݣѭϢͽ뵽֮С
ϣȴ˻ң˳һĻеķŭȼյ˶㣬޲ɱǰˣ
ﻹڶȹ׽ٵڣƣ
ҰأŤͷѩܷܷˣ׼ְɣҪħʥɱ˻ǶҪ군
ҰҲúܣڵʵʥ֣ҲԶħʥʲôӰ졣
֮ʵ̫࣬ˣ
ǣ£òս
ڷҰ׼Ƹ۵ĽдսʱħȻڷҰԺ𣺡ϻһԾͲ֪Ƿã
ϻ˵Ͻ˵ʲôʱķҰɹ˲ʲôϾͣͷĴߴ
ħ˿ⷽҰеļ٣ǿ͸ʵˣĵľɫһȸʥҩȸʥҩȻδȫɳҲ㹻޸ˡʣλħʥʥ;ǿߣҲڲ֮ء
Ұõȸʥҩĸһʱ䣬оɫҲųߴС
ȸʥҩͷãҰֱӽȸʥҩնϣһСظȸʥҩ˳
ȸʥҩȻ󣬵ڷҰУȴԶԶϲͷ
ΪػķǧΪػǶ֮£˵һʥҩˣ÷ҰеʥҩȥҰҲһüͷ
ǰţҰȸʥҩװھʥ֮УͷԨ˳ȥ
Ϊ˷ֹ;ɱҰѽϵħ뼺ľ˶㣬ƴҲҪȸʥҩͳȥ
Ǹа쿡ĻĿоʥɨĮĿ˷ҰһۣߵһʥҪŤת治ɣҲΪҶһʥˣ
ԵȻǾʥ÷Ұ˿

ʥֽס˷Ұһۣƿǣһڽȸʥҩȥ
ʲôȸʥҩƵ˳ĿˢһתƵ˷Ұϣɱ˸÷Ұܵһı䡣
䣡
ȸʥҩ븹ȻһҵĻ棬ڣԼһͷֵȸڻа衣
ըѪڲûϣѵĹҲδ޸һۿɼٶȸɿʧǿ˥ܡ
˶ǱһΧĿߣв˶ŷҰŭĿӣΪǷҰǿߡ
ãɣȴɫ䣬Яħ߳˹ȥǹâʥˡ

Ȼߴѿ类һ룬һ
ߵƬ嶼ȫʧȥ˹󣬻δ׹䵽ͻΪɻңɢС
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Ȼò䣬ҰȻܹӺ췢ϸܵһϤǿߵ
˺ȫ޸ǿ̬䣡
ԻƵĹ췢ݲȣֽŲ
Լоֻ滯ζֳŹ֮УչᡢöǳСħȾֻ̬Żǹâʧ
췢絶ǵɫʥǹжΣɫʥǹƾ߽⣬ǻƸźɫʥǹ֣һĵѳһ
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췢գȼ棬о޾ı䣬ȫǻƷС
һ޵еš
ħ͵𣺡ն˹ȥĨȥµĺۼ֮䣡ǻˣزۣǸʥʹԲ
Ұɫ΢ʥʹԲħͷ۸ߵףм˺ü磬ħȴԿ϶ͷԴﵽʥʹԲ磬治֪ħ˵˻Լˡ
˽ⷽҰԣħĵǰǲزۣħѾʼ֣ҪȫɳҲô׵顣콾֮֮꣬ɳģм
ħ˵Ҳʵ飬ħѾʼ֣ħ֮У˵ʲôʱͻиʥʹԲħ嵽
ĻǴ츳ǿҲӱɱ³
췢Ÿ߿һָ̽£Ȼһ˺յĴ˺¶һƬ޾ǿգǵ㡣
͹췢ȪԲһ̤뵽ǿ֮С
ʥ͵̫ǿˣ֮жԾĻԽɽӶ鿪췢ѡһս
йâʢоһнѾԼա
췢ƣеİҲ˳治ţԼһʥ;޾µħ壬һոճʥ塣
ӵߣҲն㣬Ϊң𣡡һԾǿ֮С
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ҰҡͷЦǧǰħʥѹģӦǧǰǿߣôܻ
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ѩܷܷͣ£ּȴƾʧ綼δ˼ӰǴ˼Ƶģ೬ɾ½뵽ǿ֮Уû뵽ȴѹħʥǧ꣡
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ѩܷܷ΢΢ףٴȹŷҰǴŵӣޡ
˶̧ͷ죬Ҫ֪ʥսյĽΣжЩûʧ


440 ͻ
䣡
飬һɫʥǹֱֱĲڷҰǰʥ
һսҰ˻ģףλģѲȶħٽ֣Ҫƴɣ
˵֮ҲˣֱڷҰߣɫƽ޲ֵݳһεĻ֣صĵǷһ飬ҪҰԴߺ¡ұ֪ܶԶұػ
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˵꣬΢Ŀ˻Сһۣ˵ͷͽ˺ѲĴٴ¶һƬǿա
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˶ĿĽҰҰڹؼʱһȸʥҩųŤתս֡
޿ɷϣҰѾȡʥ͵ĺøУʥ͸ЩҪԷҰļһˡ
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ҰѾֺĲ񷣬ħѯʵǿպ޾ȴҲʧУΪν뵽ǿ֮У
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Ұ΢΢ͷĵԺҲҪһȥǿһģ
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ҰεЦЦǸѶ򰡣ʱûС
½벻⣬ó˼ԶĴѶ͸˷ҰˣֻҪʮ֮ڶ״ʮЧͲˡ
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ۿ˾¶ɽٳʥһĻĵ׶뿪¼ǧ֮˾һ羰ɽͣ
Ұѩܷܷͷѩ˶뵽˱չ֮УڻСڣһﶼģһǸŷҰĽ׶ףһھѴﵽ龳磬ֻҪ㹻Ϳٴνס
Ұѡ˸ɽϥ¶ɽٵһĻĻԺвϵĻطţǵŻ٣·𿴵˴ݻƵġ
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Ұɫϲ뵽ε֮У˶ƬΪһ塣
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ڵڶʱܶʼ˶Ϊһ塣
µĵҰĶ࣬һ¶ľ֮УڵΪһѹƲסĸо
ҰԶڵΪѹƣڵķ糤Ӱ㱼ڣüͨеıҲǰδе͸һɱׯϵ飬ǵõƵġ
ҰʼֳһƬ嫵򣬻ϣˮľףɽӣһƬƵģƬɽ嶼ǿгſƬʯ˷
֪ӺʱڷҰͷϿտʼֳһƬڵĽƣ˸Ÿɫ׵͸һɹɿֲѹ
˾¶ɽٵ֮ٿ٣һС׼׵ĸоˣʵĹ׵ҲԵôˡ
ѩܷܷͷѩʹоѹˣһֱСһһػڷҰߣҰٳֵʱǾڵһʱԶԶ˳ȥ
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ʵĵ׵£Ƭɽȶ׵󣬰ѷҰûС
ҰʵԶͬףһҲˮɣûôͻƣ׽뵽ڣһ˿˺۶û£


441 
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ҰۿʥʹսиУε֮Уһµ̤뵽ڵľ硣
Ұſһ£͸еΧն֮УһӾͿԷգһǿ
ϲϴͻƵڣ۸¸£Ҳͻˣ𣬾ͼһԶϵĽɫë⣬ʶĿ
뷽ҰǰĹϵŷҰĽ׶ףҰͻƵڣҲͻƵڣڿռ֮ٴǿ־Ϳɷա
ڻ棬ѩѩܷܷԼСҲԶ˹
ۣϸ磬ͻˣٶȿɱҵٶȻҪ찡ߵǰȥˣѩգ۾жЦ⣬εЦȻ
ѩܷܷǺЦŷҰ˵ͷ
ϴٶȹİǰŸͻƣ͸ͻˣСıض͵ɫһϵӡ
ҰȻʧЦ̧ȥСڹȻڲ֪ҲͻƵڡ
ѩܷܷͷѩȻڣͲôһţֻҪһͿͻˡ
СһҰѾֲˣһǸ񣬾ľ磬ȻֻҪ㹻Ϳһֱף١
ֻǣСͻҪ̫Ӵˣ׵ٶȻ
ȻĻʲô콾ʲô˽ܣһȣ¶Ҫ
·ϵ˲ʱˣҲûȥˡҰĿĿԶǴ赲½ҡ
ĵطѾ½϶ˣ뺣ѾܽˣϸӦܹŵõǳʪϢ
ҰĿѰ¸̤½ʱĵ·ǰĵص㸽λãڼһСͷ
ͷ½ɽǸͷҪöˣһҸߴ¥بںߣС
˴ʿװ죬أеǴӸظϹģеڵȴſǰطģò֡
ҰѩѩܷܷСڣټϻ飬ȫǿߣǲɢԼΪҲȻȻһָеѹ
ǸոߵͷʱͷϵʿԾΪÿһ·
ǸΨ磬Ұ˵Ͼӭ
λȥһСѯţΨֵǡ
ҰЦҪȥ½
½¶һ˿ɫɫŹֵŷҰˡ
ʲô𣿡Ұɻ
ǿмһ˿Цݣˡֱԣ½һƬǴ֮أݷĪա˵ΪԽߣԽϵʿԸ̤УȰλǲҪǰǵطˡ
Ұ΢΢üͷѾһ˵ˣ½ǸǴ֮أΪԽǿʿԽԸУŹ֡
½ǷҰļ磬ʲôطǰ½ڱС
ҰһЦ鷳ǰһ°ɣ½Ƿȥɵġ
Ҳٶԣҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ½ĴֻѾ˴󲿷ʿҪǰ½ĻƻҪȸ졣
Ұͷʾ⣬ֻĳʱ䲻ʲôʱʲôʱȸҲ̫ʱ䣬½龧֧ˡ
쵽֮󣬷Ұʱ˴ȴֻ
֮󣬹Ȼʹչֻźħ
Ұר̽˴һִ㣬Ҫ̽ºħǸĶ
ɫĶеõһǣ㺮칬еõǿǴͬС죬ҰֱɫĶӦʲô
ʴˣѡʱĵ·ҪľҪŪǵ
ǣħӦ֪ȴԷҰԡҰ;״εõǵĵط˵ʲôҲҪȥ
޴¥ںħϳ˷ˣ߰󣬾ɫڵĵطѾԶˡ
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ԶԼԶҴսһ˿˿޵д͸˳
ֻʻϵʿʲô֪Ƶģû˿ķӦѹǸʦԲĸ֣ҲûиӦκ
ҰȴظӦˣ׷״оѣһ˼װϣɫȵԶ
˲ãڴֻ߲棬ǸʦԲʿҲˣ˫ĿصԶ
Ŀ⾡ϡɼŭη죬ʷƱãһɫһͷ޴׹ھƴɱһɹӿôֻϵЩѰ佫ǿ߶Ӧˣ׷˼װϡ
ԶҰ¶һ˿Źֵɫ
ɫǵҰȡȫ
ɫɫսǰ׹Ĺ쳣ٿΧգɫһƬСĿռ֮УƵĺɫòӲƴ
ÿһӲƴɫ϶ըѪڣԲͷɫĶ֡
ɫֺ飬βƳޣÿһԵںɫµ˿ڡ
ɫμ穵öˣѹĺ޻ֻ֮ŭѡ
۵ɫҲˣǵڵĴɲô
СߵǰʱǸոͻƵ磬ټǴڣһûУǸ׹Ǹڵʿɫֻǳˡ
ѩµ˫Цѯʵϸ磬㵱͵ɫĶ𣿡
Ұ΢죬ЦҿǰңֻԼʳˡҲգǰĶξͰһѰɡ
˵ҰˢһʧڴֻϣٳʱѾ˫֮С
ɫͰɫ궼һΪǶԮ֣жԾһϸҰ
Ұĵ͵Ϊֹɡ
ҰѾͻƵڣϵϢɲ⣬Ҫ˫ֹͣɫ֮ãȻٽκηϻ
ǸɫȴΪȻߵ࣬ǸڵʿҲǸڵʿͷѻԹֻܲݣ㻹ǲҪˣ
ȥɡҰȻûѰɫ
ҰǸɱ˲գ۵ɫ껹ֱ
Ұ̫ŽڣնգӰɫ긽һ
ۣ
ɫͬǼӲޱȵڹǣȫһֵնΪ룬Ƭʬ׹䡣
Զֻϵ˶ĿɿڴȫŷҰһն˸ڵǿߡ
īлλѾ֮ɫŷҰ΢΢˵ͷ˵
ҰϷһᾢסӰ׹ƬɫĲʬ͵ɫīǰЦȡһЩڰҲһ׮ɫʬֱͻƵڣɡ
ȡҵһЩʲôɫīɻ
ҰֱԲĵ֮ǰĳ뵽˹֮УȡһЩӦûǵá
ʲôϴҵĶīŭɱ֯ƿڴ뵽Ұսֹס˸ټ˵ȥˡ


442 Գ
ǰīɽٳȴϴ٣ǵīŭӣԲﺣ龡¾ƬħѪȾ졣
ἰ£Ұ΢΢¶һ˿ΣͷЦҷҰҵǼ¾ġȡȫվҪȴһ
īͲҷ˾ǷҰɴһĥƵĴ۾ȵĵд÷зķҰ
ҰƽĵǲǷзҲҾǷҰҲգǰȡڶ౦վһֲʧ
˵ţҰóһյ˹ȥǸѺ۵Сӣ˿˿ʥ
һȱʥīǾ޴ͫһȫ޷ŵĸо
ʥǲȱģҲֵǷ־ܹóˣǸĴˣҲû°ɣ
һȱʥ붼ģеЩҲϲʥļֵ
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Ұ¶һ˿ɫû뵽īôһ
Ұ˼£еɫЩԥǼǵīһŭԲﺣ
ī׷ԼνҰ͵Ĵط֮һŭˣǾͻ֣֮
ǿ˷Ұԥīжһ˿ɫæӣҶԼǳܹٽһףҪͻƵߵľ磬ûκϣˡħֽ䣬ûбɢޣǱ³ŷھͿնԺȻЦīϣ׷ң
Ұ΢΢üͷ΢˼Ƭ̣˾ϣĿֱīƽĵﺣ飬ϵ̫ˣ»ҵѲ
ī˵ЩʲôӣҰ˰ֵ֣ɣҪ׷Ҳԡһڶطв½ƣֽƲκεĲ㻹ԽҵĲ֮СǣֻҪͷͻʹΪΪֱͷ΢һͷͿɢúÿһ¡
ҰеƵӡؼľطƿ˵طһСɣȴҲ
Ұī˽Ⲣ࣬ȻΪīļ仰Ͱص½ķΪ֮֡
Ұԣīɫ΢΢˱䣬˼ãжһ˿ϣ½ƾͲ½ƣҼȻ׷湫ӣ;ԹӲ飡
ҰȻһЦܺã񣡡
ī˫䣬壬ȫſ
ҰĬƵӡüиֳһתĹӡǣһĪķĴӡ˳ವһӡīü֮С
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ҰоԼԺжһӴϢֻҪ΢Ϳ׵ķϢϢӦһ˿ĸо
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ֻҪīҲκεĲͷҰͿظӦֻҪһͷͿɢ
ҰϽϨǸͷɫŪˡ
Ұͣ߾ͷҾ޴Ż鴫Ŵֻ뿪ɣɫѾңȥٿ
ʶҰǿƵһֻɫ꣬ҴĴԱˣǸʦԲǿߵͣȴΨֵ˷Ұ
ǺãСġ޵ڷҰԺ𣬾ͼԶҾ޴ʻߡ
Ұ˳ֽǸСӵ˹ȥЦⶫŰɡˣҹǱԵģ֪ϲֱ
īƴǣſڽС븹У˵ҶڵıϤһЩҵıһ󵶡
𣿡Ұظһ䣬һһɫľʹ󵶳УӱжõǱʥ͸һѹ
Ұֱӽʥī˹ȥȻĵȻңȻҪܵӵԱ֮õһʥȥɡ
īʶſѪڣɴһĥ̴ۣ𾪵ĳʯˣ״εĵʥң
ŰɡҰЦʥĿƮɵīǰ
īſҧס˱ʥűʥеİʥȻһֲŵĸо
ʥ֮Զû뵽ȴƵıҧڿУΪǰһꡣ
Ұī΢΢üͷ㻹ǻΪΰɣ̫ˣǸҽ뵽УҲ಻㡣
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ī䣬ƫһξͻһ꣬ǱʥҲУһֵӡ
Ұĵ˵ͷҪ뵽֮Уܲīһֱ״̬֮ͺࡣ
īϵڣҲɵľ޴Ҫࡣ
ʥӡԼľɣ˱߼ǿߣҲԱ֮Ұݡ
īʥӡԼľ뵽Լڣо˲١
īҰ΢һֺɫ͸īЩơҰ㽫īһֺɫĹսƶãſӡ֮С
īſ񣬷Ұˮֹս뵽ī֮С
Ұ޷ֱӽӡӡԺ֮УֻȽһֹսīԺУȥˡ
īٴסˣϳ˾ϲɫŵĵս
ҰЩ棬ĺɫīλͬΪīĺɫͬһ࣬ī˼񲢷ˡ
Ұѯ˳īЦŵǺĹսӦǺһǲʥޡ֮еһ϶ֻӵѪ޶ѣΨһУѪɱ˵һҲǿ߶ȹ֮٣ɱΪΪһ飡
Ұ΢΢ͷÿһ嶼ž޵콾һ˸£һҲûܣֻǺһû³֮ˡ
ЩͷڷҰԺһҰīǰĶмѻɽʬǣѴ˲֪£ǵط˽٣


443 ʮ
ҰᵽԼɽʬǣīҲӹһĨɵɫĵЩʬǵҲҵʱЩʬѾˣʬϢҶеľҲδ̽档ֻΪһҲеģȻĻͻˡ
Ұ΢ЩΣʣīԵӦþȪȴԼһѶ˳ȥ
ī˵Ҳδ̽ҰҲ΢΢¶һ˿ȣҲǹɽ֮УȴҲûн뵽ɽ
īԣ÷Ұһ˿Ũĺģɽ׻ʲôܣǿǵΣ
߰ɣȥҰû뵽˺ħУźǱȥ
īڷҰħУεǰ·ʱ˾͵īĶ֮С
ٴοīĶҰ̲סɫŹ֣ʱīĶ֮ѾͽıڣȻҲмɢƹԣǸǰȣֱө£׵
ⶼǰݷҰͣΪҰīĶϴһգīôᣬ붼÷Ұ̿
ҰóǿӴ˴õǣīѯʵõ֪㵽ǴӺδõģ
īŷҰеǿǣĿиֳһ˿׷ɫǿһΪǿʯǵúüǰˣ˹ĶжȻâ͸һļµıħסȵǹʧҾͼⶫо˺üҲûоǸʲô֮֮٣ȴûκα仯ҾӦѾȫʧˡ
ҰҡͷȫʧҿδأǵΪû̽еܡʵɣһǣ
ǣīξг˲ŵɫ
⾹ȻһĹ˺ü꣬붼𾪡
ڣīӸоеܺľˡ
ȻĹǹѹǳ˿Եֿ˵ģü꣬Ҳδʲô쳣
ĹеҲĴˡ
īᳵ·ĴŷҰ뵽Ǹʬǵ޵׶֮Уߵײѻ˻޵ĹǺһЩ״ĹȫһµϢ
ڷҰ׹ˣЩι״ĹħħҲȻǱ˻籾Դ֮ҲЩħʬǡ
ģģɻħģЩʬһⶼµϢʧȥ˱ܣĻЩʬǶƳ޾ˡ
Źĵӫ⣬ҰīڶѻɽĹǰУӹĹԽȥǰΪԽǿ
ܹģǰٶǿߣܺľɲ
棬ʥ;ĹҲżʣЩԼŲϢƣδɢ
ڿЩĹʱ򣬷ҰҲоӶѻɽĹһļµѹѹĸնڰ㷽Ұո˵ҲԸڼǰС
ҰףЩǰΪǿʥͣΪħս˴˴
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ҰȻ뵽ħһ֪ƵģħʳԼĵ׵ɻ
ħƽ𣺡ЩежϣЩʮǰµġ
ʮǰҰӹһĨ𾪡
ʮϮЩʥȻڣһЩǿߵĹҲ䣬붼˸е˼顣
ʮ꣬˵ǿߵĹˣʥ͵ĹҲѾ鳾ˣȫ߸ֹ
ħȻ˴ѹµԴ˴Ӱ첻󣬹ʴ˲ܹڡЩ˵Ĺ겻࣬Ҳʲôϡ顣
ҰԿЦʹù겻࣬⻹ʲôϡ飬ħҲ˵
ħ˵˴ѹҰ۾ȻȲʵ˴Ǻٺ٣ĵرе߾֮ɲ״ˡ
ħƽĵ˴֮ڿշģ˵ˣһʥˣҲ޼£㻹ǳͷɡ
ʥ˶ûãҰ̲סһ뵽ǿҲǳҰûɵ뵽˹㺮칬ʶԵ˸ֳ
Ұ΢𣬰Բ룬˴Ҳһɣ
뵽ҰҲ˳̽˵صͷīһ𣬿˳˴˵ء
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ʹȥҰЩʣаȵΪǿ֮󣬳Ҫ˵ϸ̽һ£˴ʲôܣ
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ħѾԴ˴йصžսǲ״󣬻
ҰҲֻܲ£ħ˵ģҰҲʲ
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ħ˵ģԼϽеļԵõ˴ļ֮һ
ҰƲӦԼõǿйأʲôϵǾͲǷҰܹ֪ˡ
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½Ǵ֮أīɫŹ֣¶˿˿µɫ


444 
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ѾֹһĻˣΪԽߣ½ļɵԽīҲô˵ʸ
ī˿ѹĵ׵𾪣Ц½ΪǴ֮أΪԽǿԽ׷顣
Ұüѯʵ飿ô¶
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Ŷʲôʣ˵Ұ¶һ˿Ȥɫ
īй⻪˸˵һλʥ͵ý뵽½֮̽أĪʧʥǰ½Ѱ½дҲû˿֣ʥҪ½ߵʱʥҲʧˣҲû˼
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úǿͻƵ磬뿪½磬ΨԼĳĪ
˵Լŷѩѩܷܷ˷ص½֮УѵѰ·
Ұηηβˣ½ܱ½ǰжգ;ϡ
мҶһأԺҲˣҲѾʧȥʶ۷ʸһΪҲֹڴˡ
Ļֱǰȥ̽ʹ꼻һ֣ҲҪҫ˼䣡ܺùһӹµΪ
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˵ʵڵģ㷽ҰΪṩ񼶵Ĺ似ԼԲأҲز;С
УҪ컯ΪãС
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·ѡģܶԴֻһ·ǰС
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ʱ֮ǾңңҴֻҴֻƺڵȴŷҰƵģʻĲ죬Ұ˺ܿ˴µˮС
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ѩѩܷܷŮҲӭĿж˹еɫ
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Ұ˴˵һ˲ų׷˾裬ƵӡǻǷǳεġ
īҪ뵽Ȧ֮УҪʱ䡣
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ȻҪԵ˶ԣҰΪ˷ֹīԼ˺Ż˽ơ
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뵱īɽٳҰǸСϴīĶ֮󣬱ƵĲ֮Уһ˿Ϣ¶
ʱҰѾа壬еľֹһλˣīҲԸϷҰΪ
컯Ū˰
׻˵ʮӶʮһɳ죬ֺʮꣿ
꣬ӣ
ֻϵ˼ҰīͬʱܹظӦīǹ޶󲿷˶ԶԶأЩϽصԼķ֮УΨŭɱ
ҰûãֻͿʼˣһӺȻӳڷҰߣŷҰȭλӣҾҴֻĸ˽գλ
ֻܹͣԶȺԼԼ뿪ҲôֻǰУܶԷǿߵѹҪԼύҰԴ˺øд
ҰŴ˵˵ͷЦѿˣܹЩҷǳмҿҲѾʦԲ۷壬ֻһ֮ңˣʱ̤뵽ˣĳڴ˾ǰϲˣ
̾һλѾͣ˺üˣγض޹׽ٶδ֣ҪͻƵ磬ⱲҲǺˡ
ҰЦŽգƽĵĻѾˣ֮ʱͻƵķʽԡԸҾͿжϳʱҹƣ֮ʱ϶һ׼ؼʱ֮ã˵Ŀд
վȵŴͣĵĹؿڲؼʱ򣬲òһȻؿҲͻưɣ
ҰȻŵĵʵҲ޿ɺǣֻڳ֮ʱҪһ绢ƣηηβͲǽ֮ǰڵӰ컹ԽڣԽҪдģҪƸ۵ľģܹ̤߾磡
δŷҰʩһ񣬸мĵĳܽˣ
˵͸ȥī°һԱסĿշԼͽ뵽֮бչȥˡ
ҰȻЦЦ۽һ۾Ϳ˽յ֢ڣָ£ǶȺԼĻر


445 ֮Σ
Ұһص˴֮УѩȲס˷ҰĴ۾һһѯʵϸ磬㵽īĶ֮Уʲô֣
Ұ෽ѩСԴЦǵдأڵ޷̽кأһǸȹ㺮칬ڣֻԺ취ܷƿˡ
ȹ㺮칬ڣ˶̲ס
ǶīеһܵزϤҰǴط֮ߣ̲ס֡
㺮칬ǿһĽأʥ͵Ҳ޷ǴطκӰ죬īصܣôǿ
˵ʵڵģǷҰǴڵ˽ⶼ࣬ʱȻ޷ѩܷܷĽͣ˼䣬תƵ½ϡ
ЩΪǿʿ󲿷ֶ½飬ĪʧʧӰ٣˶һëȻĸо
üĵˣԷһ飬Ҳƴһս
ǣ½½кһصĪʧȴֲʲôǷ֪ηһ޲ߵĸо
ںܶʱδ֪˸е־壬ҿ֮Ҳô¶ֻǲ֪£ûе
½ʥͶʧӰ٣ʧ֮Ҳûгĵֱðо½аͨˡ
Ұ˵Щ½ټīĲ䣬˶½Щ˽⣬Ծ
Ȼûκһ˵һ䲻ȥ½Ļ
ǿ½ȻΣգҲʧΪĵһõط
Ҫ֮;ߵĸԶ֪Ҫټ裬η岻ǰҲдˡ
ֻٶȼӿ죬Ұĵ׵ѹҲʼУȻ
ѩܷܷˮ֮壬ںħˮϵŨĵطڵһ¥
ҰʱԼħӡ֮ϣںϸҲЩüĿֻҪ׾֮󣬾ͿԱչݻרԼ似ˡ
Լº󣬴ֻѾ½ıԵλãҰٴο˸ɽǾ޴ɽ
ˮӣһߣһ޴ɽ֣ճǸҲŵˮƴƮ졣
Ұʶٵľ޴ǳأٴԶԶ⸡ճǵʱҲû˵𺳣ѾǸé®Сˡ
ӣϾҪˣǰǸճǣĳڸճлеĻ潪ĳǰһҲýĳԾ֮ꡣղ֪ʱǱӵĳڼװϣŷҰ
ʱĽոǰȣȫǱ˸˶Ƶģ㣬棬лһͱ˵ơ
յĻ۱ͷǳڷҰĵ㲦£ҲѾҵͻķֻҪıչһӣмտͻƵ磡
Ұ𣬶Ȼоһ޵մ˹мһɰ÷ҰЩ졣
ҰĿ򲨶ķ򣬺ѯʵѣʲôô˴
˳ŷҰĿ˹ȥ¶һ˿Цݣ˵Ƿ۵ĵ̣ʱЩҲҸ۵濹⣬Ҳ֪Щ޴˴Ƿʲô裬ȻôĽ۵ҶӦһ޶š
۵۵ôôϤҰظ˼䡣
ܿ죬ҰȻ̧ͷ­йâȵ۵ǲ֣ǳĵ𣿻顢СڡѩܷܷīߣȥΧ
Ұδ䣬˾ǲӥչƵڷɶ˫ڲȻ˺£ȴķƬո޷˺
Ұ΢΢¶һ˿ɫȻ뵽˹ɽ·صĪҲǿдգڰ·µӰʧԶ
ᵽ۵ҰԺкܿ͸ֳ֣ǳ֣踸ӵݣ뵱ԼƳǳ֣˱ڷ۵ĹȪõ˺ˮ֣ǳȴǰӵҪύԼ÷Ұ֣ǳҲеǳľ塣
֮˾Ҳûм棬Ұ˵۵޷ô˵Ҫһˡ
˼֣ǳֿܳҪѣҰҲѾ˫ѣѣҰûɲܲʡ
ڷҰѩܷܷͷѩҲٶ˼£ŷҰʧķ׷˹ȥ
Ѿ˰ߣǲֻҲ׽뵽½֮Уο۵ǷҰһλѣǸûɾܾҰ
īֱӣˮзһˣٴλΪ˺ɫ֮ŷҰ׷ȥ
Ұһ·ǰУܿͿһȺȺϺзڿŸᵶһ޴ΧֵƬնȫסˣؼһ˵ɱ
ڵ棬Ǻɱ죬һ޵ʬ嵹ѪУһɹŨѪζԡѪս⽣Ӱɱڡ
⻹ǷҰһοģѪսɱϣֱҪϼԲˣ˾Ī
ʱ򣬷ҰɲǷǶԴײҰһʱ佫ϵħ뼺쳤Хһʥǰһնصĵâ
ۡ
һһ屻˺飬߶ûһɥȪӲıҰ˺һ·ǵøϺз

īӺħг޴ɨգմ֮ˣҺҲīӲɱһѪ·
ɱһ֮ͨīϾۿЩϺзīǰǵħӡ֮ͫ΢ɲ¶һŨļɵ
īǰѪսķҰ쳤Хһ˷ܣԸɱĸˣÿһֱˣѹһС
ʱϺзȺгһͷľ޴꣬īһɭЦݣĵī㲻úᶴţʲô֣ǡҵɻ滹һǣȻҹҵ£ǾͰ깱׳ɣǸ࣬ҲŹģ
ǸڵĸΪīǿ̨ףʱīҪߣ˭˼ұԼΪǿʢأ
ǣʱīɲ˿ͷ߸ߵİͷ­ȻˣǹѾˣ㻹ںħҰ£ī컹͹ܶˣ
ʲôǧԪɱģҽѪծѪƤͷ֮ޣ꾪ŭӣˮŭĳī
īսǸɫ꣬ʲô˵ĺᣬҰһɱˣī׷˷Ұ͸ɱûʲôˡ
ħ渮Ĵ󻤷۵Ҳܶˣīһſ³ǿڱɫʥһɺ嫵ʥǽꡣ
ʥ֣īĵ˲٣ͷǴҳھȻԿˣⶼǰݷҰͣҲҰ֮йء


446 ¾Ⱥ
īڵǿߣȻѡ
ͷǱʥʱɫˢһ±ò԰ʧʥôʥ
īһͲ꣬ȫȣȫʥʥԵնͷꡣ
ΪҲ̫󣬾õʥΣҲһԽնɱʥҵˣĿȵīıʥſһĹǴܣԼǰ
䣡
Ƕʥײһ𣬷һĺ񱩵˾ʮɸߣϺзˮ
ĹǴܹ⻪һܳת
꾪ŭӣߺ޼ӻȵĶīͷǱʥ
īҲܣϵһҵķסԼΣ͸һɫ
Σʥ֮ʱѹס꣬Ҳǳ֮ơ
ʥΪ̫ˣҪ˶ͻᱻʥɣ࣬в㡣
ſ³һɫаᦣһ˻޵Ӱ֣צ͸һģĲҽ
ɻᦷ趯ǴɽСյī˹ȥ
īʾӴпߣˮĹսХǽƬűʥս
͡
ѩܷܷѩƮɣÿһѩ̺ŴɢһĨļµĺ⣬ѩ裬һƬհ򣬴ƬĺޱնƬ
ѩ·΢һ뵵ϼϼ֮£ҷһһɻҡ
СڵӰ˸Ϳֻܿһڹڳȥ֮޾˺ƬոƵġ
ԸЩСʥûжãչֶΣƬոź޵
ǻɽʥԳӣа׹ǴɨңÿһȥѪŽȻûȫ׹ʥʥҲڶû˿֮޺졣
ǿ˲ͳŤת˷۵ռݣƬȥѪɺӡ
Ұȸϵֳŵʥɱ˷۵ϣһɨͿһͷϲ˺ɫߵǧɴɫҺõôƬķ۵˶˻ԣΪ߸ǵ
һڵߣȴһߣĶ£ڵǿ߶Ҫޡ

Ұŭӣŵʥͳȥɫڱҷ裬йâˣһɱɽӡ
ǧɴȻͷžͿһȼܻĵâƳգһ·ʥƵһֿٵ֮Ĳն˹
ǧɴߵȻз˻˻ſ³һγǵҵâӭȥ

γڵʥĹµ飬Ұ˾ϵħ֮ĺŭһʥܶ룬γһ׸߼Ҳֵ˵ʥ
ʥ˿ͣԸٶȳǧɴߣڴǾĿУһ˶ͷն˳ȥȳѪҺʮɸߣƬ񷶼Ⱦ죬·޺ͷ۵˶ʯ
ǧɴ߸ոտûٳףҺеķ۵˾Ѿнˣڷ۵˿޵еĴڣʱȴһնˣ˸оôĲʵ
ڷ۵һ޴ǰ棬۵֣ǳ뷢԰׵һΧһڵɫڸܵĻѹ֮ȫĻͷ˹ȥ
ڼҰ˲䣬֣ǳ΢ɲ£ϳǷҰ
ŷҰ͸Ĺѹ֣ǳ֮˿ϲĴЦ۵ĶǣǵԮˣɱɱȺ
֣Ҳϳ˷Ұһܹ裬ɱ졣
ǳԮǺˣô֪㻹ôǿѣ֣ǳ߲Զһ뷢԰׵һɫսһѯ֣ǳ
ߵߣµİ׷ߣĿҲɻ
߶ʦԲǿߣӦڷ۵̫ϳһڷ۵ʱ̣ҲӱչоѣΪ۵һ
֣һΧڵԣʱҲ·硣
֣ǳЦǵǰҷ۵ƳȪȨ˴Уҿû񣬶ǳĽύ˴ˣڿǾһȷ飡
ǰ˵˾ǰǸСһͻƵ磿ʣ˭һ뷢԰׵߾˳г˲š
һӶûͻƵ磬ԷǸʮ꣬ȴʱڴ佫磬󾳽磬뵽磬ǿֱ͸񻰴˵Ƶġ
֣һ趯һ˽ɫǹһǹһѪɫϺɣߴЦүүڱɱɱķҰҵȪʧԺȻҪύˣڿϵҵ۹û
˾ǷҰߵĿҲǰδеǿ˵˷Ұ飬ǿ߶ˣæȻ״ֺ
ϼһﶼǴ˼ѪƵģһɱɫɱڡ
໣
ԶһĲҽǸ걻һڹǣѳɼ飬Ѫ̿ա
˿˷ѣצһӣͽֻ뵽ƿռ֮У촽ֹţڹǴ󲹣ǳΪڹ꣬ɲܾô˷ˡ
ڻ֮īٵȫȣſڼǱʥɫնȥ
ɫ֣ǳ˴սܵΣæ̧˾޴ףüһŭĺͱʥһͷ­Ѫ졣
īЦڴţһڽԵͷ­ȥϯ졣
ͬʱīɫʬ˻צӣɫʬҲ뵽˴ָ֮С
ԲۣīҲ̫ײ˰ɣͬ඼ҳԣĿɿڴռʬģû뵽ȴīˡ
īǸɫʱȻʳԵʬ壬ûСڵ˶Ŀ࣬һŵӡ
īƲƲ죬ߵ㶮ʲôκڶѪţ취ɱᣬѪᴿԼѪнϾĿܣںħ׷ɱҲǱ˳ˣ
鷭˷ۣīô˵Եʬǲύˣһˬ
ħ渮Ĵ󻤷ȥʣһδ¶棬Ұһնɱ壬һĿ⾼ɨ˷
ȫȺ廹δɢȥǻǿڸҰ޷λãֻܸоһ޵Ϣڸݷ
ҰﻹЩƣħ渮׷ʲô裬Ȼǰɱ۵
Ҫ֪۵һûУںħҲֻռݼСһСƬΧħ渮ʹϱߣħ渮ôʦڵôСط


447 
䣡
ʱħоһˣһħӺħг˲ͻΪһƬյħƣһħӰħֱֱŷ۵еһ޴ȥ
Ұڹע˷ĶǵħӰʱ򣬷ҰͿǵħӰòͷǣϲϸܵɫƬһɫβͣħݡ
ħ壡Ұ˼ĳ𣬿ٳǸħµķ˹ȥ
ǸԲħ壬Ұ֪Ϊħôħ渮һʲôԭħ壡
Ұ죬Ǹħͽ뵽֮УۼǸħһ޴Ժ֮УҰٵȥ
ҰλδסͼǸħһƽһķɣ޴ħ̽һ˯һӤ
ħ壬
ħӤŹҰŭһʥֶһɰʥǸħֱնȥ
Ǹħɨ˷ҰһۣɫƬϸֳһԵһɵĻϣż΢ɼѺۣɢʥ
һȱʥħҪȱʥӲһҲһҪǸӤץУ
ҰâھƹХתӿĹ뵽ʥ֮УҪһħֱ۸ж
ͬʱҰſ³ǸʥԸٶȳӤ
䣡
ʥصĺǸħֱϣŽһƬ𻨣ȻδնֱۣȴҲֱײƫƫ
ײĿӵǸӤߵʱ򣬷Ұľʥ͵ˣһӽǸ˯ӤУջء
壡ѹħƴҲҪõӤħȵڷҰԺ
ҰʱҲ˲ħϻŵʥǸħնɱ˹ȥ
࣬Ҵ£ȳ㣡Ǹħ׺ŭ˳ȫħڰһһУŷҰļѹ˹ȥ
ҰȻ壬ֳ𺣣ȫԡ֮УʥâǸħ巢˿ٵصһ
䣡
һ޴ĺһлΪ棬ʥǿԵǸħĹ߽⣬ƵħС
Ǹħ循ŭŷҰɱڣ޲ýҰ̻ˡ
żȻ뵽֮Уħ渮ˮߺĴ󻤷Ϊǿŭ裬ʣµ󻤷Գ׿ħ渮
ڲǰ֪˴лֵϢΪŴŽʣ󻤷壬Ŵ˴
壬ħ嶼ӵʺУ˵ԽΪãһʲô嶼Ҫǿöࡣ
ֻҪ˻壬оͿһǧΪû˿ѶȣͻƳʥҲǲܣ
ħΧ˰죬Ʋľλãû뵽ȴ·ɱҰֵĻ壬һβŭ
Сӣ㻵Ҵ£ƴҲҪɱ㣡Ǹħŭ𣬻ƬڷĹâħ죬Ȼһ˲˵Ѻ۵ĺɫսǹʥƵǻƲƵģٵŷҰ˹ȥ
ħѪ¾۵ˣҰҲŭգ޲ýħ嵱նɱ
ħ廹Ұɱųâڷ裬ֳŵʥӭȥ
ҰŭڣһնɱһʱʵѪծҰ㵽ħͷϡ
Ұе޵е궼˳ʥȫƵģʥѹȵԶ嶼ˣ޷
䣡
ʥ׺նǱɫսǹϣһĺʥ嫣õúɫսǹֶ˼Ѻۣʰ⻪ࡣ
Ǹħ嵱˳ȥϵƬ࣬¶ƬѪ⣬и¶һ˿𺧣Լһѹ·硣
Ұڷ·裬еĹâĻ꣬Ǹħħ塣
ҰƲˣŵʥͳ˳ȥɱħĲݣ
ǸħŭХƿ趯һһطӡУմƣŷҰѹ˹ȥ
մƣԲǿ߲ſõ飬մƼѹգ֮Ϊãƺ嫡
Ұһ˿û˺󣬷ҵǰУȫľ뵽˵ʥ֮У˶ǻΪһʥ
һ̣ؼƺѾû˷ҰӰʣһȼĵʥ·һ쵶Ƶģһ赲ߡ
䣡
һ˲ʱ䣬ҰֳŵʥͬŭƵĳǸħ壬жնѿһʮɴСѷ죬񱩶ȵҷҰ˻ĵ
Ǹħ𺳣ǿȫħеĺɫսǹųǹâڷҰǰ棬ͬʱοʼٺˡ
ҰɱħѾױ˵ʵ޷ôû˿Ļ֮Ѿʼˡ

ɫǹΪƬ׹ա
ɫսǹҲһȱʥԷӳ߰˴εܣڷҰĿԹ֮£˼ξȫˣΪ˷
Ұⲻ䣬ŵʥٴγȥҪնɱħ塣
ǸħںɫսǹʱͿʼĵˣҪ㿪ʥѹķΧ֮ٽʱմط
Ұѹ·磬ʱﻹٷŹ׷˹ȥʥ߾٣һֿٵصŭնȥ

Ǹħŭ𣬻ħʼҷϵһԻֶڹħлΪػȦԼεػڡ
䣡
ҰڵΪ˼£йâˣƥնǸħͷһ̶ĸ֨졣
ǶԻγɵֽ֧Ƭ̹򣬾ͿʼٱһԻҲű˿
ħǿһˡ
ҵסǸħŭХϵħݣǰ۳һط۳ɵħܣͼסһ񵶡
ۣ
ʥʥ赲նǸħͷǸħնΪ룬ɫѪ̿գĲҽ쳹
Ұһħʬ嶼뵽ƿռ֮С
һͷԲǿߵʬ壬ڷҰתΪһŻԪٴͳһҰɲþô˷ѵ
׶Ѿϵ御¾ԹˣҰԵҰ˻ģ嶼Ѫڡ


448 Ұͽ
ڷҰУѰʦԲᣬϵ޾;ܷŹ
Ұһ᱾ŵľնݳԭε̫࣬󲿷ֶµޣЩϵޣԺпܻԷ۵вҰ鷢
ҰԣѩѩܷܷҲڶµ壬ʼʥסգеһѪȾ񷡣
Сʱ֮󣬳ϵʿҰ¾ЩʦҲֻӴܣʧӰ٣ֻһصʬ塣
ʱ򣬷Ұħ˵Ļ飬æʥ˳ͷȥ
ҰһϲɵһСһﻹ˯أͲ֪۵Ϊһ٣һǸͻҷĴ١
ǸཱུСк۵Ƶģ˯֮ж̥ƵģԼһ⻪˳ȫë׹뵽ڣضйƵġ
Ұĵɴ۾ŵžʥеСӤ̥Ϣ̥Ϣκʱ򶼿ά״̬֮УǲжԿٵΪ壬Ȼѩ嶼ӽӽ
ǸӦ˷ҰĿ⣬ཱུСкһ۾ֻ۾ڱʯƵģĲ˿ʣǿԽƬ綼ӳƵģһգգŷҰ

СһһЦ˳ЦһźС첲ŷҰʹţҪҰ
Ұ¶һ˿ЦݣֽСһﱧڻһֻĶŪСһСһ￩Ц
ǸԵСһԺȻóΪһǿߡ
ܵСһ﴿ЦݵĸȾҰиոɱɢӰ٣г˿֣ǻصͯһ㡣
Ȼǻ壡ǳɳȻΪеһ󳬼ǿߣжûм˿Աħ̾ٴ
ħǸƵԸжûʲô𲨶ǽСһȴ̾ԿɼСһǷ
üλˣҲеһʰɣк֮Ұܻħѯ˳
ڻ壬Ұû˵ʱǸħ嶯ħ渮е۵ΪôͯСһ
ħЦ͵壬еһַǳʣϽеļǿ֮һеϣܹǰ壬ԽΪԼԼħ壡ʷ棬Ǳ֮ħ壬Ҳѷɫ
ҰϾСһй⻪˸г˼
ڻ廹̫˽⣬ħȴ˽ĺħͿԼΪһӵ޾Ԫֱĳ
ȴ˿ħ壬Ԫ޾֮ħǿ
ƣټϺĵ̣彫ĳɾͽ޷
ħһѵʷϳֵĻҲкüɳģֻ֪һҲʧ޾֮УһĻ壬ͳɳ
ҰһݣŴϾСһüŶô¶
ħĵǺã˵ֻҪ壬мԳΪһ壡Сһﻹûгɳ֮ǰٵΣձκٵΣնҪ࣡ңϢĳɳԽԽŨҪ˷ǲܵ飡ҪɳѶȱһ˳Ҫѣ
Ұ΢΢üͷһ߶ŪСһһĵȻҿˣҾͻᾡסһᾡȫɳ
ħЦ㲻˵Ҳ취㽫ߵġ۵ס۵Ļٶʱڲᴫ½٣Ǵ֮أҲô׾ͱƽġ
Ұ΢ѯʵ֪й½飿
ħɲݵĵ½Ҳ֪һҲ֪Ĳ࣬ҪԼȥϾҲܵģеĴ󲿷飬Ҳ˽⡣
ҰƲƲ죬Ͳôħ
ʱ֣ǳһȺ۵ʿŷҰӭ˹ңңŷҰлԮ֣֮ǵη۵ɾĻҷˣ
Ұ˰֣ںĵ֣ϸ⣬㵱뷽ĳѵʱ򣬷ҰͽǷ۵ѣǡ·ܵ˴Σգǰһۣħ鷳ҲֻǾ֮͡
֣ǳɫ䣬ȻոնɱǸȻħ壿ħôħУ
Ұҡͷ̾ϢոǼһȷħ壡ħôںħУҹҲżȻ֮뵽ġȺѹҲ֪ħΪСһ
һԲڵϴ֪ҸոѶ˸֪Ǹħħ渮ĸԼĴ󻤷ǿŭ裡ų׿ħ渮Ϊιɱ۵ҾͲˡ
ҰŻСһŬŬ죬ЦҸղŲ˵ħΪСһ
ףСһﲻҵ֣Ÿո࣬ôŭǸʲôħ壿֣ǳɻŷҰСһг˲⡣
֣Ҳ죬ŭĵСһߵС˻˵ħ壬Ƿ۵ҷ𣬼ֱҷ۵ǣ
Ұ֪СӾȻ֣Ķӣ֣ô֡Ǽǵõ֣ҪӭȢƳǵϧͬ⣬û뿴֣边ȻѾˣ˸Ķӣ컯Ūˡ
ҰˣƽĵСӿɲ򵥣ľҪһ˵
֣ǳԸ˴ƺˣҰһ뵽˷۵޴еһ֮ۡУ裬ſʼѯСһϢ
Ұ˾ī»ΪΣһλϡ
ڳ֮У˷Ұ֮⣬ʣ֣ǳ֣裬Լ̫ϳϣһ̴Ӷȥ
֣ǳµˮ©Ұһ˵֪Լ̺ܣ˲ãֹϢй
ҰйػϢ֣ǳˣ֣ǳ˵۾Źâ
ܿ죬֣ǳͷӦ˹ŷҰһҾأϿҵĵ뷽ӿ֣Ϊͽҷ۵²ʤм


449 ¯ٵ
ҰڻĽܣ֣ǳ˲ʶԼ֣̺ĻΣա
֣ǳף֣ϵٹȵܹ׳ɳ֪µ顣
֣δɳ֮ǰ֣ڵĵطо޴Σգħ渮ѹһΣǷ۵֣
֣ǳһʱ뵽˷Ұ֣ŷҰȻҲȫİȻҲԱǷ۵ϸȫ
ֻͻὫҰˮˣ֣ǳҲǿ˷ҰС֣ϲŸҶһҪϣС֣԰ݷҰΪʦ
֣ǳ֣踸ӶʦԲϼһҲĺҲڴŷҰ
Ұ֣ǳԣ̲ס΢΢£ôܽôСһߵģ֣ǳ⣡
Ż￩ֱЦСһҰ¶һ˿ЦݣͷãҽΪͽһᾡȫ
лˣ֣ǳŷҰʩһ
ΰʦҲʡȴһЩڣ򵥵˸˾;С֣ŷҰȥˡ
Сֻ֣࣬ȻĻδڣȴҲѾվˡ
ҰС֣ڵϣԽԽϲ΢΢˵ͷЦӽԺҾʦˡ
С֣һĴ۾Ե˷ҰƬ̣˲ĿУС֣ƵĹȥĵʦʦ
˵ж˾ϲɫδ˵С֣Ұ֮󣬲֪¹аʦ񣬶һܹڽʦǶе쳣š
ҰϲЦ⣬ַС֣Цãããǻʦͽ֮Ե
ѩѩܷܷŮҲĻϲ̲סС֣ǵС֣һίͲ
ΧС֣ϴ̾ţȻǳĸȤ
δ֮󣬷۵ĵҲˣ˶ǧɶߵ߶Ȼڻδ۵նǳĳء
ҰС֣Ϊͽã۵˶һƲҵӣʲõĵЩҩȻ˵ɥҲʴ˵ǸʦҾһЩҩҽⶾɡ
ֻʦ֣Ȼ˵Ұս죬ȴδ˵Ұ
֣ǳɫϲŷҰʩһ֣صĵлˣҷ۵Ĺˣ
Ұİ˰ֱ֣ӽʥ˳һУһǧɶߵʬͳС
ҰǧɶӶ֣ͼһδƵģڿٽǧɶߣһɹѪ뵽ʥ֮УߵߵҲҰͶ뵽˾ʥ֮С
ҰĲˣֽǧɶ뵽ƿռ֮УʱǧɶڵѪѾһС롣
Ұ˫ֿһǧĵ˳ϵı任־һصķĴ뵽˾ʥ֮УӿĻ潫Ѫߵﶼû˽ȥ
ԼУڹиֳӰڻΧΧſ³һ棬ھʥȼš
ʱƣһɹȳϢӾʥѪߵﶼջΪһͷСʺɫѪţɢһɹĵոЩȳϢɢ
ҰóʮҩһͶ뵽˾ʥ֮УҩҩҺʥеѪſںһ
Ұ־ٱ䣬ʥеĸҩҩҺʼתתٶԽԽ죬ҩҩҺҲڿںϳһŽ
Ұȫھʥ֮Уй⻪һ־Ȼˣͼʥеһпٵķֽ⿪ΪһſĴָСҩ衣
Ұٱ任ͣһӡھʥ֮УʥеЩҩ趼תתӹ⻬
ҰǸеĵ˶ĿɿڴҲûмʦֻҰôӵĵǻûɵں棬ҰǼƷʦζôĲϣƵĵҩǺεȵ죿
Ұɹ˲ôģѾβ׶Σ־ı仯ҩϿʼֳһɫƣһɫƣȻһɫƣƽӳɻԣɢ˵Ĺʡ
ҰᳯžʥһģǽҿٿŵҩӾʥгÿһŵҩ϶ɢƣá
ٿŵҩȫƷҩ
Ұһӽٿŵҩ뵽һƿ֮У΢΢˿ʥҲ
ҩ¯ʱ˶ȵŴͣѩܷܷҲҰֶ𺳡һ˵Ҳûһöҩ
ѩܷܷٻҰƷҩīıҰֶθסˣĿ࣬ǼΪԼѡ׷淽Ұеˡ
Ʒҩ֣ǳг˷ܣһֲŵУηҰ۽ˣûô
ʦԲǿҲ˵ƺûдӷҰг
Ұ΢΢ףƽĵҲǽ˾ʥ֮ĶϵĲϣƲôƷҩ
֣һԶŷҰۿС֣ĿҵҰѯʵʷǼƷʦ
ҰȻЦЦǰøոƳƷҩǿƷʦɡ
˻
Ұһڣ֣˶̲סһʮƷʦԺĳɾͽԶԶǵԤϣ
ͬʱҲϲС֣ݴΪʦǻ壬ʱգȻŲڷҰ
ҰʢŽⶾҩƿݸ֣ǳЦʮŽⶾЩܵ߶ĵӷ£ʱڵ߶ͻȫˡ
֣ǳٴεлһƿĽⶾȥ˽ⶾȥˡ
ϸ磬ѩŷҰ˴Ĵָй⻪תԺ
СӣͱˣϾҪ뵽½ˣһЩȲˡҰ½ķĿг˸п
ĵǰЩȲˣƳǵǸƹǰţ
ҰһŽ߷˳ȥЦСӣɱ̰ҰܷܷɩӾѾ֪ˣҿɲûô໨ӡ
ѩܷܷϺЦ޵ŷҰʵƹﵽô¶
ҰϢһͣݺݵص˻һۣ̹Ȼ·һѣһȪƳǳս֣ʶ˵飬Ҳ̫
ѩܷܷ¶һ˿Цݣû˵ģûҪôȻѣ·Ҳȥݷһ°ɡ
˵Ҳ¶һ˿ɵɫ
ҰûСּ֣ĸһ棬Ҳûڷ۵̫ͣʱ䣬ڵڶʹС֣һ뿪˴˴


450 ħ
Ѿӽ½ıԵ۵֣ǳᵽ½йŹ֣˵շʱĿԸ󣬼ҪһҾ޴ǡ
Ұûƴǣһֱ˵½޾أ֮ΪǴ֮أвпܻᷢ飬ҰҲҴ⡣
̤½Ұо½гһԲǲͬʱڴ˴ϸӦĻ͸Ӧ
Ұͷȥ˵ɫҲ΢΢˱䣬ҲӦҪС¡
½֮󣬷Ұ͵֣ǳ˸ǣһƳǵķ˹ȥ
ûãҰ˾ͿƳǣֳ޳Ȼû취ȣ½֮УȴҲһСĳˡ
Ұ뵽ƳУᳵ·˳⡣
ĳǰûκȻͥԺмվſڡ
Ұͨһ£ûãƳǳػӭ
󲿷﷽Ұʶˮ塢롢˶ڣڼҰ˲䣬˶˷ҰɰŮӣɵϢ΢΢¡
ػЦųŷҰС½е¼ҿ׹Ҫ콾УҶо쳣ľȣû뵽ԶԤеĸǿȻ޷κε㣬Ӣ۳갡
ҰЦƳˣĳߵҲǽҡĳ˴Ϊ˷طң·Ƴǣ˳ݷ¡
ػĿڷҰǼϣ΢ɼһЦ⼸λѰɣСѻ£
ѩܷܷ˵ϣػܵһѹȸУһ޷ĸо
ҰЦŽһһһ飬ǵ֪Сڵʱ˶е쳣ľ棬ʱ䣬ǸСèͳ׻ˡ
ѩǷҰõʱ򣬶̾ѣĿѩܷܷϣѩܷܷҲǷҰá
δޣѩܷܷҰ绯ÿ˵Ķߡ
ɫ΢΢ףҧҧ´й⻪
ǰͶ쳣кøУҰȻҲո¶ͷǣȴҲʼǸµ꣬Ҳࡣ
⼸꣬Ǿסںħϣڸ½Ҳ˽⣬ٵһЩڷҰ顣
Ұһ㴫ʱ͸о֮ľԽԽԶˣеһ˿˿ܣҲݵĲͬˡ
񿴵Ұδһǰʧ䡣
ѩܷܷƯΪߣ֪ҰԶûпˡ
ƳǳػԼŮЩ˽⣬˿̵ػҲɵð̾˿
С֣ѱҰ뵽˾ʥ˯ȥˣû¶档
ػ뷽Ұ뵽ƳǸУҰҲδƴǣƳǸ֮˺Ȳ죬¡
ҰҲûʱ׼뿪֮ǰҰ͸ƳǳػƷԪһ⡣
˵ʵڵģҰƳǵҲû̫Ľ飬ǵĺҲǻõĳɷ־Ӷ࣬ҰҲ֪кøУѩܷܷͲܽĸ顣
μ棬ҰҲǰͨѣδ̫ĹעҲûٶͳѩܷܷ졣
ҰȻѾҪȢѩܷܷΪޣʱȻῼѩܷܷĸܡ
ڷҰ뿪Ƴǵʱػصס˷ҰɫصѵСѣ½ɲ򵥣ֻҪΪﵽ磬пܷ顣
Ұ΢΢˵ͷѾǵһô˵ˣҷҰ̤½ʱҲӦһ˿ѰȻ⡣
ػ΢˼£ֽһѵˣʷʧ½еǿߣҲ˽һЩǴ󲿷ֶǿ֮ʱʧٵġҷȰһ䣬½֣ܲ;Ҫ˶֡
Ұ΢ݣϸ뻹ֿܣػжһ־衣
Ұһ˴Ƴ뿪֮󣬴һƬʯ򣬽뵽ɷĵϡ
Ұɷ֮ĹϵɲǢɷĺü˶ڷҰУɷƵ׷ɱҰҰɷˡ
ǣҰǸոշص½֮У½е˽⣬Ƕ½ΪǴ֮˼ɣʱҰɷ֡
Ǵ֮أʥͶ޷κε˴˴ҰôҲ񵱳ѪĶԸɷҲһʱ˽˽
Ұ˿ϢǰУûκβ۵Ĵɷĵ̣ٴμħɽ
ħɽҰɵǴεķħ֮Уи̾ѡ
СھǴӷħгģٴοħСڵ۾ҲЩãǶﻹЩӡʲôû
ԼСŪˣ֪Լ񾳽ľèԼһ֮أЩꡣ
СڵļϣקקͷЦ̿ͷ㲻ǻǰķɰɣ
СƽҡҡͷѾնȥǰǾûҪǰһҼȻˣһ϶һĸӾʣһδնɱħһұȻնɱ
Ұ˶΢΢˵ͷСڵľѾ龳磬ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬Ϳٴλָ۷״̬նɱħҲǲܵ顣
ҰҲףҪɱħҲô׵飬ȻĻСڵһͺ鶼ħֻɱġ
īǵһ˵Сڵг𾪣ʵ޷СھȻһ飡
Ұվɽеģһ˷ħڵķλ
˴ȻһƬߵɽκηħϢӦħѾٴݷ䡣
ҰڷħԭַϸӦһֶƵӡһֻܸܵ˴Ľڵ㣬ͨ
𣡡
ڷҰ׼ʹȥʱ򣬶Ȼ޾дһŭǴԶŴƵģɽŻζѹѹķҰסĺˡ
ȵʧҰſסԼΣг˺Ȼ
ոһİħеǸħȻһд˳ô˴ҲԿɼǵ̺֮ǿ
ǼһҪѳ𣿡ѩ΢΢üͷй⻪˸
ҰҡҡͷǼһڷʱڻ޷ѣֻСǰķҲס̫õʱˣҪӽвУ
Ұһ˲δħɽŻɽķת˹ȥ


451 Գ
뿪ħɽҰһ·Уûþ˵õƵɽ
ʱͬգҰҲôĶһˣֱһ𣬳ɽȥ
Ұ˸ո£ͼǸŽɫëľ޴ӴӶгϸ߷壬צпŸʯŷҰˡ
ںĸɫëԳҲվں棬ɫƵĿŷҰһˡ
ʱ΢΢¶һ˿ɫſڷһ棺࣬뿪
ȻҰ˶ԼϢϵѹڣȻܵһԵѹ֣֮ʱҲҵ
ҰҲ΢΢Щ졣
ѾͻƵھ磬ĸëҲͻƵ磡
Ұļǵãʱ򣬺ڡ
ûѾͻƵھ磬ٶȣѾǷɿˡ
Ҫ֪ڻɽֻ˸ͫƽʨôڣ屾ǹѰҪͻƵʦ磬ô׵ġ
뵽Ȼ˺ƣȻѿѪУֻǷҰҲӵ׿һֺӵѪС
ӷҰļȥΧǸתһȦµĵѵͨԳһ˿ѪУһ˿֮ѪܹﵽڵĵزҲܿɹˣ
ᵽͨԳǺɫһӱˣ쳣ŷҰˣҲ֪˵ʲôͬΪʿķϣҲƽˣϽ뿪
ҰҲ˭Ҳû뵽ûʲô֮ĺӾȻһԳĺᣡ
ţҰҲȻˡ
ƿʧıжһܹҵڶݣȴˣ֪Ӿˡ
ΪҲﵽˣԸһֻո̤ھޣҰǺܷĵģҲֵȥ¡
͵бһ޴ʯϣĵιƻûУϴŪѾˣеĻǾ͸Ū
ԭϴ͵ģǽɫɫ䣬ŭһҲ˲öԷϵѹеĴʯӾͳŻȥ
ϴһӵĺƣȫ˶ˣڻֻɫڻ
ƵĻ츳ܹͻף
ƱʺϺõƣںԶϵЧҪõö࣬һЩѪеĹΪڽ
ϴ˰ƣȫ͵ˣܲŭ
ںֵʱĸ׷ԳҲһˣԷһУһŻնȥ
ȻҲǸޣǸ͵ǵĺƣҲŹ飡
ԤϵķӦצϸֳһŽɫ⻪סǺȫµľ޴ʯסһëƵģ˿ӡ
һǸ޴ʯܿƵǸ˳ȥǸ嶼һȡ
𼤶ǽ򣬲нյƹ鷭˷ۣɵ˵ţôôǸ
ҰһۣеһҲ̫ܺˡ
ȫһסɫ粻ʱֳһĨ壬ʱһ˿壬ҧгݵĵ㵽ʲô
ź˹ĵҿѪҲǴƤëɣҿԸͨԳĴУ㳼ңԺҪһ죡ȻҪܹ
Ұɫ΢ȣ鴦ҲгˣͨԳĴȡһһӵĴ֣Ҳ
ǰԣǺԲôţἰƣǺΪƭֱӻӶеľ޴ʯŻɱȥ
鲻ͷٴξСצӣǺеľ޴ʯڰУ͸һеѹ٬ĵƢôߣҲֻҲܸԼҲӦ֪ͨԳеĺôٿʥ׾ͳ֣Ͳ˼𣿡
ʹûǸʯŭͱǲˣҪǸƾֱ˵ǲģα˵ʲôͨԳĴУ
ߣһƭСɫһĹ⻪һ뵣䱳ֳһֻСĽɫԳӰһԻ۽йâ䣬͸һɹɿֲϢ
Сצһ죬ĽɫԳˮ뵽˻УһСĺӹӰг˲û뵽ǰǸüġ
ǻһֶΣҪ׻ΪޣֻҪ޵ĻӰͿԽ޵Ĵм
ȻΪ޵ĻܹĴҲޣֻǳԵĴС
ǳԵĴУֻҲӦֱܹó
ҲǲϹӵĻҲֻµˡѾ֪ͨԳģֻҪԼҲͨԳ̬ȻͿԵõƵ䷽
ֻǣһǿϧô˲ţҲֻܿԼˡ
Ի裬˶ֵģԼǲᶯֵġ
ҲΪҰ۰ףҪ˶ÿܾҪħս߶һǿߣĻ͸һЩɲ׷Źôδǿߡ
ҰǴǸƴˣǼèԳﶼŭŻ
İ˰֣Ƕԭزˣֻϵɫ쳣ɲҪ˻Ƶġ
˿ںɵĿǸ
ǺڹӰûüĵʱסˣ˺һŻعɫǳ𾪣㶵Ż飬ŵĵ⣬ͨԳĴУѪôܹˣ
ķӦĸɫԳҲеһȻ˼СӸǺľȻͨԳĴУ
ѪУԴ
ĸɫԳȫ𾪣ǰСӵѾȫ߸ǵۡ
¶һ˿ɫЦǲģոӦѾȷˡѪд˵⣬ͲöˡҸĽͨԳе֮һֻǳԵĲ֣ҪõĻͿϲϺˡ
ɫɫ˼䣬֣صĳŻҿúƵ췽㻻ҲΪ
鷭˷ۣߵ㲻ڿЦɣͨԳжӵУΪһûкƵطһƷҲ뻻ȡһ޵ĴУǿǱҲ㣡
ɫ΢죬ϸ˼Ƭ̣ô֪ǷԳУ
һͷĵ˵УǾУңҾ͸㣡Ҿ㣡ô򵥣ϻ˵Ƿ񳼷


452 շԳ
ɫƤһ󶶶̾һһѡԳͨݼˣ
ɫƽɽĹ£Żΰݡ
ˣĸɫԳҲ̹
ЦĽԳͨ측ŷҰһЦϴ󣬿ûҲСˣ
Ұһ鴤ܸ㣬ȻͨԳĺշˡ
ҰŻĴָ˵ͷ
һɫԳͨ죬ȻȵȻΪǾͷſ񣡡
ԳͨĸԳ񣬻ǽɫͫиֳɫĹʣüзɳµķģֱӡ⼸ԳüС
Գ£ͻָƽԳʹش
һҸµĽƣֻҪκҪǲͷͻʹֻҪһͷͿɱǣ
ʹشԳǶ˻˼ûеǳĲ졣
ʲô˽ƣƭǣǺҲŭĽ˫ŭڣѪ
ͱԴһͷײ˵ϣĴԼԴصİʹȥ
ЦҲǣĵ½ƣҵѣô죿
īʹȥĺûɵĴ˸а룬ҿԼǳĳģԼҲҪܵʹ
Ұ˶µŻ飬ôڣǲûг֡
֮ǼԳʶ˻µĽƵĿжһ˿η壬һĲţ۴飬Ҳ⡣
Գͨǿʹɴ۾Ż飬޺޵ĵƭǣҰƣ
鵭ĮĵͨԳĴз棬ҿԱ֤еģҲһԾ͸еĴСֻҪ㲻ҺҵԼϴļк飬ֻҪǰԼıֹҿԵûκ⣬ΪͻͽǳΪʥͶǻ룡
Գͨоɲոʹ࣬뵱ȻΪոƭû뵽ʱȴ˵һ
˵ģģԳͨ컹Щš
ƲҪɱǣһƾͶбҪô󹦷ǳʲôƭģ
Գͨ˲òʵô˵ǱѾȥĿַ˹â
鳯ŷҰʾ£ֳԳͨ˾ϴǲҪҵĻҪϴĻȻĻұضʹȥ
ԳͨǼԳﶼһոյľһֲĸо
īϹһ˿Цݣʱز廰λҲ赣ģҾ׷淽ӵģӻһʥвô࣬ԺǾ֪ˡ
ҰīЦԺҪӳӶ̵ĺˣ͸ŻһϴˣҲԵ̫֡
īȻᷴͷŷҰһϴ
ҰаЦī˵ʲôǷҰЩᷢĶûʲôʵ;㲻ʲôö
Գͨ˿ɲīԵʲôǿɶҰͳһʥˡ
ʥ
ǿһӶԼһεȻ͸һ׷ߣԳͨ˵ȸеһ٣˫Ŀг˻ȡ
īᷭʥУĵǿնƵģһɺƴʥ
ԳͨǳˣǺȻãˣҲǸѡ
Գͨ쵱ŷҰȥĵԳͨԸ׷λϴ󣬾޶ģΥҺ
ʣµĸɫԳҲģʶʥ֮ǳ׵ķˡ
Ұ֣ǷЦڵΪ̫˵ᴫǸŻڵõöࡣԳͨ죬ȵͻƵ磬ҲһʥλͻƵ磬Ҳ͸һȱʥ
˵Ұͣ£ǰһͷӡǰֱԳͨˣĵЩЩ׸߼ǿţȵͻƵ֮ٴ
Գͨ˶ϲĵлѡԼϲıҰ˵Ŀг˷ĵ𾴡
һԵһٴŪһСļԳӰ뵽Գͨü֮УĵͨԳһĲִУ֧е硣ȵϿʼͨԳĴѪֵʱ򣬾̤뵽磬ʱٴĹ
ԳͨϲĹлϲɫϲ֡˵ͨԳѪеʥҪöࡣ
ֿԳͨ챳ĸԳͷĸӦͨԳһ壬ͨԳĴбԳͨˣǾû취ֹˡһҲûʲôرǿĹ似ɣɽʥԳĹǵǿԲУʥ׹ƱڵҪǿöˣҲǵߺö౶
˵ţֽɽʥԳĲֹӡĴԳԺУĴԳлϲ
ҰҲ˼ɣֱԳͨѯʵϴεĺѾˣﻹûкƣ
ԳͨƤ΢΢£ЩƵĵƵҪƹΪȡɰǧ滨ԼҩݣַɡЩϿɲռռռˣǰ֮ͱǸȫˡڣǵǴչ˲ϣֻЩϵ̫ͣҲЧǻûпʼ죬Ҳûκοˡ
Ұϸֳһ˿εɫûȥĿ׷ʵ˼ǣܹݸõĻϣĺƵЧ͸ǿ𣿡
Գͨһ˿ظǵȻˣǰƵЩֻʮĺơǶõĲ϶ǰҩôƳľǰĺơǶõĲǧҩôƳľǧơҩĻĺƾʥˡ
˵Գͨ̾˿ϧڲѰƹʮųɣʮ국죬ϼ죬ǧ죬Ϻ졣ɽϵЩƹǰģĶǲɼɾˣʣµҪ죬ٻҪĹ⾰ϵҲԶԶ޷Ƴơ
Ұ˶̲סЦˣҰоɫһͶʮˣֻҪӣҪʲôĲûУ
ҰЦƺҪĲӣÿһṩһЩܵĶṩһЩϵ飬취
ԳͨȻɻ󣬵Ҳûϸѯʣ㽫Ӷ˷ҰһЩ
ҰӶ뵽˾ɫУɽɽҰĺӺԳͨʱͼסȥɣץʱҪƵĲˡҴõļ飬Ϊһĺþʱǣ
ԳͨȻûǶõǿĹȲҪȥм£Ǳޣǵ˼
Ұһ뿪˴˴Żɽٸ˹ȥ


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ƶǴӻɽгģ˪ӰҲڻɽģͬʱҰܾûɽ֮Ӧûء
磬뿪ˣڻˣѩŻɽſԼһֽӵ
ҰķѩСԴпǰǵ㵱뿪ɽʱ򻹽ǸʮСѾͷڶ˸ˣ߰ɣǻؼңˣٿЩ˶ôˡ
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ΪŻʹеǿԽԽ࣬дըƵģежԼٶǰţֲָҪӭһŴըĻƽʢ
ֻǣ뵽һеͷħ壬ڶɳţдΪħĿ붼÷Ұء
˷֮⣬ܹȡڵĳɾͣҰΪҲȻзŵĹͣڼǰѾƷʦˣӦҵĵҩҲӦÿԹ˵ù
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Ѫͻ˳˲䣬һųâѸٶ
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굥ͻͻѪ˳ֱȴܣҲѵõĸֳһĨɫ
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ʦڶλһλ˭Ұ΢΢Щ档
ƲƲ죬˭Ǹ뺷ӣ
ҰȻʧЦ뵽ȸȱϵֵģʾǴзʣϵҲƽˡ
ô˵ĳΪʦˣĿг˷ܵĹ
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аɣ˵һѹεļҵ׶ǷһһЩܣȻҲᷢչôѸ١ЦŽ͡
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ֱѩڣŽ˵Ŀ˹ȥѩʱ˵Ŀⶼɵ¡
ɻŷѩãžϲĵǣѩ㰡뵱ݵĸѿƵģż겻ͱŮˣһ治ˣ
ѩ̲ס˸ۣĻ޴ӽӿڡ


454 ҽ
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ѩܷܷüĿ续ʳһѩ˪ĺ÷¹·һֲ˼
˵Ҳףÿ˵ʶͬ
СڿʱǿԳ˷ȥƵġī罣ˡ
ȻǺ״̬Ļ飬Ҳ͸һɲϢǿ֮͸
ҰһһѩܷܷˣֻǼ򵥵Ľǵ֣ԵԼѣҲûн̫ܵϸ
·˷ҰȻٴЩŮȥˣŷҰ˳ŷڵĵط˹ȥ
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ͫƽʨڰػŷңЩĴǰ£÷ҽڻɽվ˽Ÿ
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ҵҲ֪֮˭ҲɵǰĵҴ̼ڻɽȶٵķչš
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ңһǰڻɽ·һԶĶпһҲ˺ü׵Ĺ似ҲǷʵһҪԭ
Ұĸ׷½ط֮;һ·߸ͽǰͻƵʦ磬ӵܶ˦˺档
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ԴӵҰǰ֮󣬷һ˼Ͷ뵽ϣĿ̿£Ϊ˷ҽڷǿߣ½ҲȵΪҴ˲
ڷҰ뿪֮Ҳȥˣ֪뵽ĸУԵһϢ쳣ǰҲˣҲͻƵڡ
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ﵽڣﵽڡ
ЩСҲɳǼҲԴŷҵӵڻɽгʶ
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Щӵ϶һɳ徢ҲŷҰߴߴѯҰһЩȤǣǶѡ
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֮ͥУҰûûѹαҲкüʥ󷨣ҵĻɽҲ
ԷҰϵǲΪƶĸҪ⼸ʥ󷨲óҲףϾͬҪǵĶ̫ࡣ
ҰԴҲģѩܷܷѩģм̵о齻㹻ˡ
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෽ӵܶӭҰϺЦһһ˺ѣгһܰĸо
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ȵѩһ˵˲ŷӦ˹ϳ˷ѩ׷׸̾ѡ
Сӣ㻹֪Ұո̤ϻɽĵ·ϵڶϺһͦεӰɽ£һɽѹ֮ŷҰ
Ұɵֱ̧ۣӲ˷һ΢΢鴤£ĵ˵ϵ㻹ҰҪ²Ҳˡ
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ѩЦڼǰͻƵˣôû˼Ҷ˰ɣ
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ܿע⵽ѩܷܷСڡīˣһŷҰСҰ⼸λѰɣﵡ˿ˣȻؼȥɣ
ѩܷܷ¶һ˿ŵɫ΢ֳһĨĺΡ
Ұѩܷܷ˵ͷһ񣬵Ц߰ɣǻؼң


455 
Ұŷż˹ȥ
ڶ෽ӵܲδɢȥŷҰһ󣬶Ŵ·Ұʱľ
һӣ˺ȵСҰڣЩСӣͱˣзҵӶżһ죡
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ߵСӿɱ˵˵󻰾УʱҪòǿɾͶˡ
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ԽԽϲĵĵܷܷ˸ƯǼСҰҲ֪ĸܹôƯŮ
ѩܷܷæĸô˵иŶԣ
˵Ľõ棬ȥݲҶѩܷܷҪȥݣãջ÷ѩȥݵĲҶ
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Ұһһһܸĸʶ
ѩܷܷѩĴˣͻƵûã˪Ӱҵĺ֪ʵ㹻ȥѩףҰߵѩܷܷϹһ˿΢Ц
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δ˵ѩ壬ȴǶѩһЩ˽⣬֪Ǹ쳣뺷ĳ
ѩܷܷѩ崫ˣиеֵ𾪣ʵ޷ԼĶθ־ްеĴġ
ţٴθֳһĨŨ𾪣˿Һŵĵոջᵽ˺˪Ӱеĺ˪Ӱѵľϣ
ҰЦǱȷܷܷϣܷܷóϵۣ
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⻹ѩܷܷƵĽɺ˪ӰжҪɱ
ѩܷܷ˪ӰŽһ𣬵ݸЦĿ
ЩĽӹ˪Ӱź˪ӰĴԴеĺ˪ӰɵðԵͷͲѡ
˪Ӱγ磬ٸһɿ񱩵ıϴ͸һɴɵѿڶý
ѽ˳ۿĵڹۿݻƵģסĵͷ
֮󣬷ٴβ뽣ʣֵݸѩܷܷпĵ벻ҷҲۼһⱲҲû׻
ҲѩܷܷǷֳһ˿ǣ·ܷܷСۼСҰ˼𣿡
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ҰּܵλīıһɫѾΣһС
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ɽһͭĴ۾϶ˣС֣ſѯʵС˭ǵ˽Ӱɣ
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ҰĿһȦطȫٲóһ״ػﻹмǿ󷨡ҪĲʦҪܵǿʿңҪʲôΣյĻҲü˶˴ѡ
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ͫƽʨɴСĽɫëа̫˸貵Ľɫԣȣɷ


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ҰܹͫƽʨѾͻƵıԵʱͻƵ硣
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ҰƬ̣ͷҲãжʢ½йŹ֣˵ʥͶʧٹϵʿԴ˵ضǳļɵ༸ػҲһְȫ
˾ԵͷЩ½Ĵ˵ôš
ѩһԴ۾գ˼£ɽٲüڶྫӢۿԺкܴĺô
ҰȻû÷ӵԶۿǵȷżӰ졣
ѩֵ죬뷽Ұһ˻ɽһɽ׼ɽ١
׵˴һȺҵľӢӵԶңңÿ϶˷ܵɫ
ۿɽ٣ɲһ˿õģһҲһܼһΣǶǳϧλᡣ
ɫƣҵڽи֣͸һɰѹԶ˶
ʵĽƣҰûɵĸеһľƺᷢʲôõƵġ
ѩܷܷСڻ˵Ҳֳһ˿ǣȻҲоЩʲô
ѳɣҰҲȥ÷ѩģԾ


464 ѩʧ
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󣬷ҰĲƬؼ䶼ʼһصһ˲޾ʱյͨһѹͷ
Ұɫ÷ǳѿǰЩͫƽʨɹ˻֮٣ͫƽʨɽٵʱû
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Ҹовõ鼴ҶСĵȷסԼϢҰɫأĿ絶ɨܣǰδеľ
Ұ뵽ػѣʧٵЩǿ߻϶ǿ֮ʧٵģܲҪ˶־ͲҪ˶֡
Ұ΢ѩ˶ֻ֣٣û뵽Χѹ֣˵ĻʲôԤ顣
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֪ʲôʱؼˣޣȴֱ˵Ƶģһ޷ϢС
ҲĲһ˿쳣ɫصŷѩŷҰѯʵСҰѩʲôɣ
ҰɫҲ쳣أ˫ĿâտտҲСóµģ
üͷһֲõԤУСġ
Ұصĵ˵ͷȫ񶼷˷ѩϡ

ڷѩһ׽µʱƬؼ䶸Ȼʼа磬һɺɫĿ״ŷѩϯ˹ȥ
Ұɫ䣬˼ĳѩʱҲ˲ںѩ׽ˣֱа֮йŹ֡
ͬʱѩܷܷ顢СڵҲʼŷѩ˹ȥҪѩȳ
ħͻأڷҰԺ𣺡ʱǸֹˣҪСãӡʶ
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Ұ΢΢Щȣħ̸ʱйʱ⣬ʥ;ǿ߲ܹӴģͲܹƵ˵ġ
ħҰǰٷ֮ٵΣħµʱ򣬷ҰͽԼһƾӡ˷ѩϡ
ȻħڣǾ˵ħӦûӦ֮
Ұ˼ζ޷ЩŹֵķ籩κӰ죬ҲֻħķԸˡ
ħҰ²ⲻкûκħ֣Ұûɵľ΢һЩ
Ұѩܷܷ顢Сڵȫŷѩɽٵĵطٵĸ˹ȥǻδϵʱǹааĿ͹ŷѩͬΧĺХٵʧڲ֮С
ŷѩʧؼʧӰ٣Ұѩܷܷ˶˸գɫѿͣС
Զۿڶ෽ӵܸǱĿɿڴ޷󵽵׷ʲô顣
ոշѩҪ׶ȹǵףû뵽ʱ̣ȴϢʧؼ䡣
ˣʬ
ҰƽԼӿԸӦԼողڷѩϵһ
ŷҰĸӦϵľ֮ɫԽԽŨ̶̵Ƭ֮䣬ѩѾʱգĸӦٵıޡ
Ұɫ䣬ܷܷ顢Сڡīͫػ÷ңҪðգȥѩ
ѩܷܷҰԣɫòҰһƬæһȥ
СҲ׷ױ̬ϴһȥһҪѩȳ
ˣѩѾ׹뵽ҵʱ֮Уϵľʵ޷ˣôˣԼȥѩҿ괫ӦһѩģҰæһ仰Ϳ͵Ҵգû˽ȥ
ѩܷܷ˶Уǲûзѩȷ꣬ʱ׷Ҳ֪׷η
СļٵĵǸô죿
ѩܷܷü΢Ż飬ӦÿԸӦľ巽λȥκβ
ӦǵͳҶҪȥðˣСҰ˵˽ѩһҸøʲôʲôСҰܿͻģ
˵ɫ쳣ѿҰͷѩھǷҵĶ˫˫ʧ٣÷˶ܵһĩհĸо
ȫؼңԼžˣǿԼŷ˷Ը
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465 ǿ
Ұڷѩգ͸оԼǽ뵽һƬҵʱ֮Уֿ񱩵ܼһһѤõĹʣ˺֮ٵĥŷҰΪ
ҵʱսʱĻ֯ʱԶţʱǽδ˸Ҳȥĵ·
ҰȻȫӦ֮£ܵԼڷѩϵһƾޣƵġ
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лȫɫĻ֮£żŸֻҵΪݼŵһĨصɫʡ
Ұ˶̶ɵһ㣬ųɶλõâǿƵĴһƬһƬĻҳ
ҰҲ֪˶ٻҵĳ򣬾ͼǰŤΣһԨ쵽ͬʱգλݺύ֯޾
ҰմһƬʱգһƬʱӿλ㽻˴֮ҲײƬձһƬ
ҰܵڷѩϵǵȻڣͨλоѩβˣ˿
ѩǳңԶΧʱǲҪڶʱ׷ϷѩҲô׵顣
ȻѩֹˣϷѩҰеĵҲʧˣȫŷѩķ˹ȥ
䣡
֪˶ãҰǿƵĴһʱձݣһƬݼű֮С
޾֮УĿݼ䣬ͷѾȥǧ꣬㲻Ƶġ
ҲܲκελϢ·ʱ䶼ֹͣˣݼԶ⡣
Ұƾһ㾫ŷѩڵķ򣬿ŷѩڵķ˹ȥ
ŷҰǰУһ޴ʯаɸߣвƮԶ
Ұ΢Ȼѵ˵˴Ѿǿ֮вɣ
ڼǿ޴ʯ󲻾ãҰֿ˲ƮյľʯϢĴ߻Ʈ֪Զ
ҰĲһ˿쳣γԣҰף˴Ȼû˿
Ƭ޾֮Уû취õκεĲ䣡
дǱƵģܲ˿޷мȡκεġ
˴ܲʱţǷҰܹĸӦ뷽ѩԽԽΪԼһԶûоͷǿε
ѩǱǹаģ·ԽʱͿռ䣬˲Ϣһ뿪Ƶġ
ҰʱȴҪϵԼһһҵʱ֮뷽ѩңԶĿ¡
ҰΪӽľʱֱӴӾɫаγһҩգġ
ҰΪûʱ֮УҲ޷õάȥΪĸɾ߰˴֮ھ뷽ѩڵķǳˡ
ҰΪСûᾲֹҲ֪Сþ֧Ŷãһֱȫٷţ˿ں·ģľɫеǧҩʮ꣬㹻ĵġ
Ұ԰οԼѩһֱֹΪıԼȫ·Ҫٵö࣬־Ͱ궼⡣
أҰܵǰһ˿΢ǹ⣬ȻǱݼţֻǰ΢ǹȴƬһĨ
ȻҰһͣȻǰǿա
һɢŵӫĹӲԶƮԶϻδɢȥĵʥ
һʥǣ
ҰеЩëȻһֱΪʥ½鹹ģû뵽һʥ˹
ڼ⸱ʥ֮󲻾ãҰּ߲ȱȫʥƮԶ
Ұĳȥڽ뵽Ƭҵֵ֮һֱݵΪԸӦķλӶԴ޾Ļλ֮ȷȷλ
˼ʥ˹ҰеǶһ˿õԤС
ʥֶͨ죬Ѿʱ򣬻Ұڽ뵽˴֮ǰûлκεĶλ֮
üʥ˶˵ЩʥܹλľλãҲ赲
ʰ˳ص飬ҰֻܼǰУСþǰΣҲҪҵС˵
ŷҰǰУǰǹԽԽǿʢ˼ǵǳߣɢǹ⡣
˳Լڷѩϵһ˿ҰڿݼŵǿƮѩڵĵطȻһƬʵĺ嫴½
Ƭ½תѤ貵Ļ⣬ڴ½ϿվȻһһƻõǳ⻪뵣ת
ҰǸ嫴½棬ȻоһɱӴ½дǵصɱ˹
Ұɫ䣬ѸټͭԼܣʥ˳

һ÷ҰһͷۻҲͭӿٵź嫴½׹ȥ
䣡
ҰٵǸ嫴½棬δվȣͼӽµĴ½ϳһѤõİɫâصĺͭϡ
ͭӲظİһû뵽˷ҰڣҰܿƵѪǿվһԡ
ҰĿг˾ɫ̫ǿˣһ֮¾ܵش
ҰסΣ˷ȴҶˡ
һƬصĴ½ʣ˴ϣɽ͵䣬֥ҩƮ㡣
ҰĬƵӡɵõһ
Ŀܲɱ֯һƬһ̤ͻ޾ɱ
ˣﻹξ޷壬ѩľ巽λҰҲܹӦš
˴һʥػҪʺУǷҰ֮ףһƬյľأһһɱ
ϸۿ֮ܵ󣬷ҰаңҿղԼһɱ̫󣬷Ϳܵˡ
ȷһеĺȥתҩвٶѾﵽҩҩбеٶٿʮ
ֻǣ˴ֲɱ΢ߴһпܽɱʥҲĨɱ
ҰɵõС÷ѩѩڼǰѾ뵽ˣҲ֪ڵˡ
ŷѩķλڵĵطԶԼֻаҵľ롣
룬棬Ұһգ۵ʱͿԸϵ
Ƭ嫴½֮Уֱһǵ
ҰȽԼܵãȫתƵӡ
һɫ˿ڷҰԺн֯һһͼһͼ֮Ҳڿٽ֯ƣݻš
죬Ұų˿ϵɫ΢ÿһЩ
ѾȷǸ޴󷨣޾ȫתƵӡҲֻܿת켣޷ȫò
ҰҲ΢ʼСŷѩڵķ򿿽š


466 ɱ֮
㶯Ƶӡ˴˴Ĳй켣ҰȻҴ⡣
ƵӡȫòҰѾԿ϶Ӧһ񼶴п
ҰߵĺĴ켣УȶԼԺей켣ʵʵĵƣΨ̤һ
һƬԭʼһͷԶʵɽ赲˵ϣǧ
ŷҰǰУҰоҲеطɱЩطüضû˿ɱ
ľ죬ٴЩգŸҡҷתŸɫԡ
Ұ֮һЩҩȫ뵽˾ɫС
ҩĵطɱ鲼㷽Ұȫ·ϵҩȫߣ˵ҲǾţһë
ľ룬Ұ㻨˽ʮŵԶԶѩһ£Ұ΢˿
Ӧ˿ѩˢһ˫ۣ˫Ŀһ貵â
ǷҰѩ΢΢£;ϲĺ˳磿
ѩվǰ̤˼ֹͣˣŷҰѵ磬ɱǧ򲻿
Ұѩ֮Ⲽɱ֯ѩУһһ˿ĵطǰȫġ
ڷѩǰϣ͸˿˿죬ѩڴ˴Ҳܵشһֱﾲٳԡ
ҰŷѩЦЦݵĵİѩѩϸȥģ
Ұ˫Ŀųɫ⻪˴˴й켣һͳڷѩߡ
ѩһڷҰĻһ㣬ĵ磬û뵽ã
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Ұ˹ηѩǣЦɵѾͷ磬ȻҪˣôģǹаֱӰ𣿡
ѩɵնɽϵʱ֪Լ½д˵ҲνĲ顣
Ұʱ˹϶ǷҰڿԼԵʱ򣬾ֱӸų˳
ϴԣ½з˴ûܹŻȥҰ³ǽԼˡ
ѩӷҰתǹаҴ˸ǿ֮Уҳƿȥȴָ޷ƿҸܵǿʲôƵģƬǿնסˣʥˣҲ޷ƿַһ˺üʥ͵Ĺ
ҰͷҲʥ͵Ĺһֹһߣʥͽ֮ҲԳȥ½вû˿ŵġΣգӦþǿһ·ǧһγһƬﳹ׷
ѩܷܷһҳ˼ΣҲֻȷˡϸӦ֮£ҸܵʲôңȻԶԶ⴦طһ·˹û뵽ո߳ԶɱҿʥĻһ¾
˵ѩ΢ͣ£ּƺԺֳ˼򣬶˻Ҳ׳ˡҷеҲͦģѾΪȹڡ
˵ʲô㣿ʲôҰȡ
ѩҡҡͷƲҲʲô͸оƬ½ʲôںңϧ˴ɱ鲼Ҹ
ҰһһӦǸشݻģпһµġڿԿĲֹ켣ҲȥȥƬ½ȥ˵ʲô֡
ѩŷҰЩɣΣռ˵ʥͶɱԿĲֹ켣һȥҲǾһ
Ұ˷ѩĻЦо͸ӭѶϣ˵滹ʲôۺأ߰ɣһ·ҶռҩˣЩжѾֵģһ˿ûа
ѩ֪ҰƢҰѾ˾ҲٶȰ˵ҲƬ½ĶǳȤҲŷҰһ뿪ˡ
Ұ÷ѩָ˸ŵķ򣬾ͶƵӡѭŴеĹ켣һǰС
ǵǰУҰͷѩԽԽȣı֮龰𺳡
һɽԵһ㣬ʱڷƵġ
ľԾЩľƣһЩСɽ廹ҪߣһΧһСɽ壬֪˶ˣԴޱȡ
һƬأһľȫ֮ϣŸ
Ұ˹⴦ǽΪԴȡǿеڴ»޾ɱ
ɱ֮໥ݻɱɱҲԷľ֮Уõòľӵǿʮ㡣
Ұһ·ڵ˲ٹϵҩήҩЩҲ
ȻҰԶӦһľ
ҰŷѩӴһȫ˹ȥһɽңңȥǰһصĵơ
һɫӴɽһĺبǰɽλûһ̶úԶܹܵȵ
ֵƣҰİڹŻмֵƣǻĵƣ̫õġ
⴦ƱȷҰǵƻҪ޴Ұе𾪵ǣڻǿڵλãһϵʯ׾Ǹ̶֮УҰܵǹǴӹײдġ
ҰϸӦһ޵Ĳײкݷһ˿޾Χһһĸо
ҰδǹϢͿжϳײеǸʥ;ǿߣҪȾϵҪǿö࣬Ǹ̤ʥ;ǿߡ
Ұа̾ǰҲǸ޽еǿߣϧ˵أҲδܴ߳ȥ
ʯеǹ쳣ĹŹ֣Ұɹײеʥʬ弫пѾʬ䡣
˵ص쳣Ӵ󣬻̺ĳֵʯǴĵ֮УʬĿԼ
Ұʱǲǿߣδʯףңңܿ
ҰͷѩǰУʱػأʱƵʱ̤ǰУٶ쳣Ļ
ȻҰͷѩͣס˽Ųǰһľ¿һ߲ȱȫʬ壬͸һɹӴ˵ƵĹƬӨףɢѪ⾧Ө
ʬ岻֪Ѿȥ˶õ£ѪҺδɺԣѪ֮һɰɱ
Ұ˿Һѩܷܷʶſͣŵ˵ϢǿѪ֮䶼ЩѾǰ벽ˣû뵽Ȼˣ


467 
벽飬컯ҲϵĴڣѹţȴ
Ұ϶Ƭ½еɱµˡ
üأҰ͸еԳܣѹƵѹĹѡ
Ұŷѩܹһ񣬹Ѫ̺ѹֿܹ˵ģѹĲ񷶼ڷ
˵ԶҰ̾Ϣȥ˻ôǿܣǰ֮治֪λ񣿡
ѩת˼ĵ磬ôûпڽ뵽˵֮ŵİ벽ľ磿
Ұ΢΢һ㶣˵ͷܣֻǣҪ벽ľ磬ҲҪɹ٣˵شɱζɽٵģ
ѩҡͷ²ĹŹѾǵ˵ǽײҪɽ١ĻҪȥҲ
ҰԿЦȥĻڴ˴УԪʱջһ
Ȼѩ˳磬쿴Ǹʬ棡
Ұ˳ŷѩָ˹ȥӲǸʬ·ѹһ׸ߵɫС¶һСأע⿴濴
СתŴϢδһ˿ļ¡
Ұ𾪵ĵɫСҵмĸ߼ʥʥҪǿö࣬Ѿ޵Ľӽˣϸ˵Ӧһˣ
ûа취ȡѩҲĿȡ
Ұϸ˰죬ҡҡͷ̾ϢڵķǴɱܼĵطȻҲʬڴˡˣǿͻᱻնɱ
˶̾ϢСӨϾ޽ӽȴ޷ȡ
ҰҲɴ࣬޷ȡֱӵ߰ɣҪԴлˣǧãûʹãҲ״
ѩ˵ͷҲ֪˵صʶ֮󣬸Сˡ
ǰûãҰּһİãôһȫУתŴ򣬻Űʥ
Ұ̾˿˾һֱڴ˴еģδܵɱӰ죬ϧԪľҲ
ڣҰЩ½ʧٵǿΪûκ˿Էˡ
ƬǿһƬ޵ĴԪգҾҲصķ
ǿոһ޾Ƶģû˿޷ȡκģǿУᱻĸΪ
ңǸʥͶԴƣǿ߶Ѱ󲿷ֶƬɱ֮С
ҰƵĽҲһֱڴ˴УҲԪľ³
ֹһΪǿʥ벽鶼ˣƬɱγɵɱ󣬼ֱ֮
ǵǰУҰֿ˺ü̲ѪԼƬƬӣδɢȥʥ֡
ЩǰΪǿߣ컯ѹ죬ն̾Ϣ
ҰѩܷܷʮգɱһһвпٲߵĶǳĻ
ȺɽľԾ֥ٲȻһ˼ɾȴױȵɱ
Ұֻ֮ҪҩȫҲõƷ֡
ҸоҵǶǰԶˣѩңָǰϻЩ˷ܵɫ
벽鶼˰;УܹôԶԺˡ
ȻҲƶƶ̺ԴҰҲֻܿĴƣǿܱסǵƽ
ԶԶȥҰĿⲻɵ΢΢
ǰĵƷǳ棬һ̺븡ֳһ״죬غĸ֡
һͷͻɽƵɽΡ룬ңңܸܵһεĻ񻢿еλãһɢ޾ǰ׻νĸ֡
һľֱڱ˴ཻϳһۻľľĸ֡
һƬһչɵȸ״ʯͻأĳǧ涼ǳʯ·Ƶģȸԡĸ֡
һΡۻɽϣһɫľʯ۳һߣɽ嶼Ƶģ͸һɳ۵ϵϢɽĸ֡
غ׻νľȸԡɽдɱ֣
־شļӳ֣ɱֵƸǿǰҲҪޣ
ɱֵ룬һʹ⻪뵵Ķߣ͸һɹɾݻ޾
ѩ϶ĵ磬ҸӦǹϢǸʶ֮У
Ұ˵ͷĬƵӡΧĴƣεķ֣˴һɱ֮أûκһ·ͨǸʶߡ
Ұεĵѩǰɱ֣·ߣǿĻ񶼵ޣ취
ѩ¶һĨʧɫȥǳЦ磬ҪˣǵȷҪӳ顣
ҰĿСеһĨʧͷתȻ뵽ħ
ڵʱħ˵Ǵ֮زƽ⡣
ƽ˼ǣȻѣܹƽ⣬ħа취
ҰԺħħƽĵСӣϵմȾ̫࣬СԺ鷳
Ұ΢΢üͷ漴ԺԺ˵ûʲô취Сý뵽ʶ֮У
ħĵҪ뵽ʶ֮УҪȫմ˴ĴСҿԿ϶Ƭһĵǽشƶɵдɱֽеһɱ֣Ψȫ˴˴Ĵ󣬲ſԿС
Ұ˫Ŀŵĵ󣿡
ҰһֱΪ˴һĴ󣬾Ȼû뵽˴Ȼһ
Ұ˿ѹĵ׵𾪣ѯʵǲ֪һĵ㵽׻֪٣Ҵˣɴֱ˵ɣ
ħĵҲ޷ĵҲƶˣ
Ұ𣬺Ȼһƶ֮
ħƽĵһ죬Ѿ˺öˣҲû뵽ܼĵƶ֮Ǹ벽飬Ҳ߲
Ұѹĵ׵𾪣ѯʵָβܹմ˴Ĵ󣿡
Ұֱȫ˴У˵ԽƬеĶȡ
֮ģʥűȵȣÿһۺ죡
ħƵĵڵǶƶҲֻڴǿԱմ˴ͱˣԺΪǿ˵ɣ
Ұ΢΢Щʧԭ㽫Ūģû뵽ֻԱ
ħֵҪƿش󣬸ͲܣʥУѩõʶеıҲѡ


468 в
Ұɫ΢æѯʵʲô취
ħƽĵС壬ֻҪԱ߽뵽˺һľ֮УʶеǶͻԶķɳ
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ҰһħֵŶˣСȡʱһЩ΢С仯ͻĳЩɱ֣ʱҪķӦٶˡ
Ұĵ˵ͷħŷѩЦѩħ˵ˣоͿˣֻҪ뵽˺һľ֮УʶеĶͻֱӷɳ
ɲһĴ󣬶һͨشƶµĴһЩ΢Сı仯пܻٲ˿Ҵ⡣
йħҰҲŷѩǽһЩҲ֪Ұи֪Ϲ
ҰԣѩҲϲɫ񣬾
ܿ죬ѩ뵽ϲޱľ֮У񵭣ʥš
ʱƣԶһɹɾŷѩ˹ϵÿһëжʹ⻪һһ֮ؼתԼΪ
͡
ƿư׺ɫâգ磬ת۵˷ѩǰ
ѩ˫Ŀ˸ʹ⻪üиǸֳһתбԴӡǣųһɹص񻪡
â΢ͣһ˲䣬Ϳٵû뵽˷ѩü֮С
Ұһæѩû°ɣ
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ҰҲϾ룬ȫƵӡۿŸĴݻ켣סѩѩٵĴ˴
䣡
Ұ˸ովλöһƬ棬ֱҳһԨֲ
Ƕܵ΢һһ¾ͱǹɱ
ǹɱֵһʥ͵Ҫǿ㷽ҰʥͣҪˣҲˣ
Ұŷѩ˺󣬶һһɱ֣ڣǹɱСҰ˾ͣԶһȫ
ڣҰ˲Ŷ˿ڸոյǹɱ֮ȻЩ¡
ҰĿתƵѩϣѩǳŷ
ոտǿâ뵽˷ѩü֮У浣Сûᷢʲôõ顣
磬㿴ѩչһЦŷҰ̯֡
ڷѩӨ׵֮Уƽư׺롣
Լд̣ͨɴĻ۶ɵƵģ񻪣͸һɹɾ
в룡ҰϲĴ˳ϳ˼
в룬бԴʮɫųƿԲأ
һǿ
ʶоȻһһȫҰԤϣ붼֡
вǳ⣬ҲΨͬ޵ʿпܽշѩ壬вˡ
һСõв룬Ұзǳˡ
֮󣬻ɣЩϴαĵط֣ЩؼһЩ֣вںߡ
ľ׻νȸԡغɽҲָֻɵдɱ֣ܹв
Ұ˷˰죬Ҳƽڱ޷ǿһõҲ޷뿪
Ұ˼ã¶ģŷѩѩǿҲ޷ǰ
磬ǲʲô뷨ˣѩգ鶯Ĵ۾ѯʡ
Ұйâ˸촽ոȡвʱɱ֡ڿǣǷԹɱ֣ɱֵ俪һûӳȥ
⵹Ǹ뷨Ҫ뿪ףҪǿ뿪ƾǵ취ǿһԣħǲϵЩ͵̡
ħĿ϶ҰĸһЩ
ħָҲգСӣһԵǰʮ⣬ҪĶڶ֮ʱɱӦþͿƿһˡ
Ұ̲סʵ˵ξʮô֪ôǾʲô
ħ̲ĵʱûҪþ̽һЩϢĸӦ㹻ˣھʲô㵽Ȼ֪


469 
嫵Ĺ½ɽأ֥ʢϢ
һƬһƬɾʵɱ
ҰͷѩƬлǰУһ·ϼ˺üʥʬ壬ǼмǿʥͽԼ˸صظ֮Уͼ컯
׹˴ʥͲֹһλ벽鶼ˣ㷽Ұ˵õв룬ʱҲ˿Ĵ⡣
־˼ɱ֮󣬷Ұڵħָĵط
һƬɱ鲼ľɱ֮أжĺ磬쳣ĹŹ֣ǿԸʴƵġ
ҰĬƵӡ͸ɱ
ֻǧ֮£һͷѹľ޴̾ڣ֮ƣÿһ𶼴ӨȻ·һƵģâ˸
Ǹܵ˷ҰĿ⣬ͷˢһ˫ۣ˫ųĹâնŤΡ
ڿҰʱͷ˫һɻɫ췢һ𶯾һչ
Ұ˫˸Ũɫ⻪ͷ޴ڳʱͿʧոĵطһŴɫĹӡ
ͨɢžӨĴɫһصķڹ֣滹ӡһصͼ
һͷԾ˷裬󣬻֣ҪӹϷɳƵġ
Ұ˳˫ĿǾϲ
СӣҾ˵һԵôɣħЦ
Ұ̲סЦǳ
ҰѾӵȸˮԼ߹ִʵѾۼ֡
ٵõĻǾ;ۼ֣
ؼֻʮ컯飬ÿһ컯鶼Ψһģ컯еĴʵֻ֣Ұһ˾ͼ֣Ǳ֪Ϳ򶼻𶯣
磬ѩŷҰСϳϲһ˿ŵɫ
ƬгвѾܿɹˣٳһǾˡ
Ұ϶ĵ˵ͷŲεϲĴЦ̤ЬٴȫѹԵƬ̣
Ұ˫Ŀɫâ˸Ĵݻ켣ĴƵģƬͻķ򿿽˹ȥ
Ƭ֮󣬷ҰԱߡ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ¶һ飬ٴûȥûǰ˵ʲô࣬뿪ķϻ
ҰȻûзɾ裬֣иֳһصСӡǣ͸Ŵɡ
ħʱѵСӣڲǼʱ֮󣬾ͻɱֱ仯΢е⣬ͻɱ֮У
Ұص˵ͷȶ񣬿ٵĽ뵽ƿռ֮С
һΣҰûٴο޴ĻҲûпذ޴ƶһͨĹʵƵġ
ڷҰʱضǵת˹ִ򼤵Ƭ񱩣ؼɱַ·һ˲䶼˳
Ұܵһĺ䣬һԿУ·һҪƵġ
Ұ˫ĿȫɫޱĿ˸ɱݻ켣Ƶпٱ任ŷλ
ŷҰĶؼɱֱңһɱֱ͸һʥҲ޷С
ҰƴȫĶƵӡǹɱɱ֮ա
ͬʱҰٷص˷ѩߡ
䣡
һƴĺײƵģѿһ޴Ŀռѷ졣
ؼױһԶԶǿն֣ײĸǳһ޴ĺڶ
ɱд󲿷ֵ˳һѾһƳ
꣡
жȻһںôĺȻţ綼ҪƵġ
ţо͸ֳһ߿Ŀռѷ죬һֱӵƴ޾ǿ֮С
ӿռѷ͸һɹɸͬλͬʱ֮γһƬҵʱ
ʱգ
ɱֵһһӾƿ÷ҰٴοƬҵʱա
ߣҰһɵ˷ѩһֻ֣û뵽Ǵѷ֮
ѷάƬ̵ʱ䣬ͿٵֺٴλһƬƬǿԼƬصĴ½
һӣҰͷѩͽ뵽Ƭҵʱ֮УʱǽԶţʱδ˲Ϣ㲻ĸо໥֯һֲ֪ںδĸо
ڷҰ̤Ƭǿʱ򣬾ظӦ˻ľ巽λ޵ľϲԺ𣺡ϴǻⶼȥˣϵˣ
⼸µʱУҰҲϵ
ΪƬǿķ㷽Ұͻ֮ĹϵǱѰҲֻܸӦĴŷλ޷괫
ƿóǿһ˲䣬Ұ͸Ӧ˻ľ巽λҽյ˻괫
ҰԾȣû뵽ȻôãŻ괫뵣ģҺСöõúܣӱһڣظϣ
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ʱгһЩʱ֪ͨͨԶ
̤Ļٷ֮ʮŻ뵽һû̵Ŀݼ磬Ҳ;ֻܵ
½ϷЩǿߣЩ޾λ֮УĸΪ
˻ָҰҪٷѾ˼ݹ;ֻһһεĴʱձݣٿ½
ʱִ죬Ұƿǧ赲ӲĴ˳
½Ļɽ飬СڣīͫԼȷҵһǿ߶Ⱥ
ѾӻõϢ֪ҰѾڷص;УһȺ˺üˣ϶ڴ
䣡
绨ƿ鿪ѿһ޴Ŀһ֮Զӿ͸һɹɻҵʱ
Ұŷѩд̤˳ϵÿһëжɢҫ۵Ĺâ·Ƶġ
ϴ󣡻ӭ龪ϲĴУһɫâŷҰ˹
ҰЦһץס飬ĵǻˣ
ҲٵķǰҰϸϸĴ˼飬ĴЦããͺãʥͶ飬ǾȻˣΪ
ҰϽŷѩϵָλѸԺһһ˿ŷڵķȥ


470 Ȳչ
½˳ΪǴ֮أֻҪΪ磬мܻ飬ʥͶ޷ܹ
ڷҰո뿪ʱ򣬷˵鶼쳣ĳء
㷽Ұֵ쳣ͻͷѩ֮ҲΪǿԻŻ
ǻƶҰţΪҰѾ޲֮ˡ
ʱҰھ֮࣬ҲеǳԺʥ˶飬Ƿӵˣ˶оҰӵɲˡ
ڷصҵ;УҰѯʵвδʲôɣ
Цŵֶõģڵνǰδеĺãƶɽ塢ġӵһֱƬСУ˺ܴͻơɽõ˶ʮҹĴУõ˾ˮµĴУƶǶͬʱõִУǷȲķչ
ҰԵͷڶӵ츳һЩĵڶĹʥذǸǲ˳ƵģһǧʱգȻԸЩ
ܹõִлڷҰԤ֮УϾƵ֪ģܹõִУȴ÷ҰЩȡ
΢һ룬ҰҲȻˡ
ʱԵǻȫǱԶȷƵ˼Ҫ࣬ԺĳɾͻҲȷƵ˵͡
ҲڷҰϵ׷ʲô飬ɽ̲סѯ˳˵Ұû׾ʲô飿ǲд˵еĲ飿
Ұİ˰֣ȥ˵
ɽҲ֪أûټѯʡ
ȵ˷صɽ֮ȻǻһƬ
Ұ˲δֱͣ뷽סȷҵҪ뵽˻ɽǸСС
ʦڻˣС֣ԶԶɽϺ˳ģСǿĵЦݡ
С֣Աߣ׹ʥҩʥҩҡҷˣС֣ҪһЩ׹⡢ԼˮǸСӿ˽ȥʱ޿̲ڸС֣ʡ
Ұ΢΢ЩȣС֣ĳɳԶԶԤϣľͨҲԶȳ˸ǿҵͣѾ佫ˣֻǻԲôá
ҰǰС֣Цʦڵʱû͵
С֣СԴĵĿŬˣһֱÿ춼һֳԵúܱȴŵĸоȫʹ
ҰͷĥţҲǸýС֣һЩĶˡ
壬Ի֮Ϊãϱħ廹ҪǿħҲʺУǱħҪöࡣ
Ұħר۹壬С֣ķչҲȷˡ
ԻΪãǰҪ
ҰеľƹһԵĹκʶУֱΪ˻һ㡣
ҰȻڸС֣ƹڵľƹѾݳ񼶹
ֹС֣ĵǰδеļ̣Ժ֮·ߵҲԽԽңԶ
ҰɣƹǲһģרΪ˻ڣڻпԷӳǿܡ
بźҰΪС֣ѵлС֣ջߵʲôزǾͲǷҰ֪ˡ
ҵҪﶼһС֮Уͫīˣһĳ
ǽ뵽һҰһ仰˳ˡ
еĵطҲµͳĵط
һĴ˵֮УҲһӵңЩ˵ӵҲǸĽأǺĵҪҲס
ҰȻ뵽һȫǵ
һڳȥɻĵСҰһΪιʧôˣȴδκϢ
ҰЦϵ˼˵ĲﲻһһһƬӡǿմ磡뵽֮޾ҵʱգǷӡ쳣ļ̣ʥͶ޷֮ơҲǻԵɺϲŴġ
Ұͽǵľ֪ˣҵʱգӡĵɱ֣һ֡
رЩʥͶʬڣ˶һëȻĸо
Ұ˵ûܹҲֻǽң벽鶼棬ҪǿĻҰͱɱˡ
ҰҲδݷ֮˶Щź
ĵõЩʲô
֮ҲȻˣɱ鲼벽鶼ˣҰŽǸʿͲˣ˵ǻűˡ
Ұɫɣصĵѹʮһڶһӿ˳żȻҪ˶ãħͻ֮Уʵ֮أ
Ҳ׷Ұĵǲ޵ķʸеļ֮齥ƽһĶԷ׷ѰҵطǱȥˡ
μȷ÷ҰܵһԵѹоҪˡ
ȥ֮󣬷Ұѩܷܷվɽۣ˴г˿顣
Ұһ۾ͿѩܷܷΪҲѾͻƵڡ
Ұ΢΢üͷܷܷѩͻѾ˲飬ôҪͻư
ѩܷܷɫʥޱȣиֳһ˿Цݣ촽ѩһʧ٣Ҹ֪ȥҲ֪δȥѰǡҾ뵽취ѹԼΪҪ½Ĳ֮ȥѰǡ
˵ѩܷܷ΢΢Ц£̾ϢϧҵͻƵĺܣδʲô飬Ҳ޴׷ѰǵĽŲˡ
Ұܵѩܷܷƽе޾飬ֽѩܷܷ뻳Уߵɵһ޷ҲҪǰˡ
ѩܷܷȻһЦĵ㣡
ԺٷɵˣҲκΣգҰһůѩܷܷ۵ĺ촽ϡ
֮󣬷ҰɫеЩҩҲѾ죬ҩ磬ƿռжʼֳһһ·һƬƵġ
ʮҩһ죬õƿռ䶼鶯
ҰаϲЩҩһ֣Ժ󽫻иҩ죬޾ҩ䣬ƶ޸Ҳˡ
ҩҲֻ꣬ûͻʮģɳ֮ͻή
ҰȵЩҩɳ֮յȻ֡
ʱЩҩȻҲʱ㣬ЩҩţȵԺ󼴽ήʱ㡣
ͬʱҰҲԳͨЩҲǧݣƳǧˣϲ֣⼸͸Գͨ͹ȥܶƳ


471 Գ
˶ڱչУҰǰԳͨڵɽ˹ȥ£Ҳ͸ŷҰһ˹ȥ
Ұոոϵɽʱ򣬾ĸӦһ˿޵ѪζԼԳͨ챩ŭĺ
Գͨ첻Ե޹ʵ˱ŭټŵ޵Ѫζ÷Ұһ˿õԤС
ʱվڷҰͷĻȻվ𣬼ٵĵϴԳͨΣգ
ԳͨԺӡ˽ƣĸӦ֮£ܹĸӦԳͨǾ뷨ʱյԳͨеǳķŭ
ߣȥҰҲ˲ûˣ̧˺գ˿ٵû뵽֮С
ٳֵʱ򣬷ҰѾɽ帽ա
մ̤ҰͿŭһĻнΧɽ
ٵĺӺﶼѪУ±ϵЩԼԳֵͨĸ滨Ҳʧ룬кɱ죬Ѫ˱ǡ
˵ķ棬ҰһӾϳЩ˵
ɷˣ
ɷ˹аңͷһʦڵİߣʦںͳڵ󺺣ǿҲʮʣµĶ佫ǿߡ
һȺڷҰо͸һǶںɽϵڶ˵޷⣡
ڶ֮УΨԳͨǸʦʱͻƵʦڣŷҰһ׸߼ǿǸʦڵİսĲ¡
ԳֵͨµĴԳĴȴѾʦڵ󺺸ƷˣĴԳе׸߼ҲʦС
ЩӺûôˣﵽĽʮ͵ֵסɷĹɱ
ȻЩӺﶼһηĳɷӣΪĲ̫ˣһĶѪ֮У쳣ĲҶѪȡ
ǸʦڵĴаһͭһʦڵĴһԳͨ칥ɱȥ
󺺳ͷǸЦʯϣȺӻлȻ׸߼кüǿɷˣ
ǸЦݵĵҵôڶƲϣõ⼸׸߼ܹץĺӺƣǿϲɺذ
ǸʦڵĴ󺺵˵ͷԳͨߵ糼ǣ򣬽ǺӺȫ֮أ
Գͨ˫ĿѪ죬˱ŰϢŭɱ˶ͬǳҸǲݣѾ֪ͨҵˣ˵һҪѪծѪ
һЦˣߣ½û˸ɷǰУУʲôˣҲҪ޻أ㻹ǹԹԵĸһɷеūͰɣ
ҰͻٵĴԶˣһ߾ߺӵʬеֵŭȫѪ纣Х
ɷ飬ɣҰŭ𣬺ڷ裬֣ǰڶɷȻĳ
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һɴ۳ִӷҰֶٸڲϣһɹɰ֮һɽѹ֮·Ļȥ

жʱһĲҺʮ˱һĳ࣬ͷ
ڶɷĵȫεѣڴµʱǸоĩƵģһ˿뷨ֻһС
Ұ˵ֱ͸Ƶģ֮£˿ɱܣ
ǸҲȻǿѹĵ׵𾪣һĻɫСԼͷŷҰвѣ㵽˭ɱɷӣͲɷ𣿡
вңɷңҲȥǵģҰһٴξ𣬳һĻȥһ֮£ٴζʮꡣ
ƣҰͽɷ߰ʮ߽ɷ˵ġ
߸ͲһϵģԷҰڵΪǲþϵħҲսʤѰڵǿߣԲǿҲܹս¡
ԸЩʿ˿һֻϷ϶
⻹ΪҰڿܹڶӺԵʣƽ϶ԵУҰһƾüļһˡ
ɷһʼʱ׷ɱΧԼ콾ʱ򣬸軹ҽһ죬ԸԼշԳᣬ÷Ұ׶ŭ
ʱ򣬻ѻΪһ⣬пٵ˼ȦһҽʣµЩɷʿҲѪ֮С
еɷֻʣ°ߺʦĴ󺺡
ȫɫҰףҰĿг˾һԹޡ
ǸոջΪõ׸߼ϲ֣ʱȴǴõ뵽˵Ƶģһںطɻɱ
ߵĳӶˣε񲢲ɸģԼĹϵŵõεĻᣬ뵽ȴײɱ
ͬʱҲŨŨɻ
½֮Уʦǿ߶ѾǶˣû˵κǿߣʿǴðģ
ǿߣ½֮жкĹ˼ɣ뿪½ﶯ֣˵ᷢ顣
ʲô飬Ⱛ߲֪û뵽ȻҲ½Ĳ飬֣ο⣿
ǿԼŵλѣǵ㣿ΪηҪϾɱ
Ұ£ɷľӢӶ˽룬߱Ǵǳģû뵽ȫ˷ҰУﶼڵѪ
ҰĮ˵Ҳû˸ղŵӲӼүүƵģҲв
ҰĿⶼûп˫ֿϷɳһһٲ䵽ڶڣʱסǵơ
ţҰóһƷ˵ҩݸԳͨ죬޸ƣɫĮתǰߡ
ҰĿⶢţһĸо·ԼѾԼˣԷʱܽߡ
Ҿˣ㲻˵Ҫҵ뿴㾿ν£ҰĲ˿飬ڶһʬ˵Ƶġ
ɫҰףͷϵδεĺ飬ǿмһ˿Ц⣬ᣬᣬϣѿԷŹһ·
˵˵ž͵ͷȥһĨԹţֻҪ˷ŹǣǾһҪ˳ɽҴ˱
ҰĮĵ˵Ϊʲôֻһλᡣ
Сӣ㣬ɷˣɱôӣĺǣɷҲŹ㣡ǸʦڵĴŭ
Ұᵯ˵ָǴͷ϶һѪ˫Ŀʧȥ˹ʡ
Ұһ仰û˵Įʣµˣɱ졣


472 ɱ
ҰɱɱƵģû˿Ĳʣɵѹȴ죬ѹ˴
˵˵Ҫɱңһ󺺺ܿͱˣϲ亹ɫɷһƬĽ˳
Ұ󺺣ͷŭĴ˳۸ҵСܣ˭ĵӣϻ˵Ͻ˵˭ģ
˰һۣŷҰͷļԳ϶׸߼ʱ̰ģͶǶˣûκָʹ
㻹ǲʵҲûҪˣҰһָᵯ󺺵ĶͷҲһѪ˫Ŀлһ˿㵣ǲ֪Ұôж˵ѵġ
ҰʣµǸߣĵŽӹ˴δȡˣ˵ֱԼ
ҰѪֶγ׽סˣ֮󣬰ߺݺݵҧҧƵĶŷҰЪ˹ŭɱҰɣұģҲ޵У
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ҰһŽߵʬ߷ɣתͷԳͨ졣
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ҰԳͨҩʱ򣬷ҰҲἰҩ飬κ鶼Ҫȱ˵
ԳͨԼŷҰȥлϴ󣡡
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һɽּɷӻûüӦͱ飬ҽжûгѪϢ
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һ·ɱҰնɱѹǧɫȴһĮ
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Ұһ·ϴɱɱɷװʿɱѪζþòɢ
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Ұһ·δΣ½еǶܹظܵҰɢɷ֮Ƽ
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ҰԳͨһһ·ƣĿֱָɷܲ
ʱɷҳһţ˻žȻ˸ɱ˵ѪȰԵ𾪣ǣǾȻ֪񣬲ڵ³
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ҰԳͨɷ⣬˫Ŀг޾ĮǼǸɽҲûκεı仯
ԳͨŷҰһ·ɱ¾Ȼδһ֣Ҳоеһɶ㷢ˣŷҰĿг˾η
ڷҰԶңң׺൨ʿ;ֵģǵ϶βס˷ܣһ˿ļɵ
תսնɱǧˣҰ׺ݰԾġ
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ҰĵİɣӽԺ½оûɷˡ
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ҰǸСɫĮĵΪ˱ģΪµԳһָɷ¾ԳһٺӺҾҪǼӱ
ʲôΪһЩӣ
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һ뷢԰׵ŭС֣㻹浱ɷ۸ɣɷ˼ǧ꣬ʲôûȴȻͦˣΪ׵磬ͿΪΪˣ
ҰɫĮĵΪûңҼȻԺ½оûɷƺˡ
ǸʮİŮŭ߳ĵҲ̫Լ¶ˣΪԼ޵˲ɣҽƾɱ㣡
ҰĮĿɨ΢΢üͷأѵΪܹӵõ𣿡
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ҰܵǹɷɷеʿԶսˣеһľŷҰһ˾ɱô顣
ʱɷڶʦǿжһ˿õԤУûɵľδɷЩӵǲߣǸʧ
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Щϼһһóɱ߾ǵ赲סСǧҪס뿪
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һŭɷ𣬳쳣ĻңеڷҰֶ֮ǿеڴƴأе͵͵⣬ϢźӴܡ
Ұһ߽ɱ˸ܵĹɷһɷڣʱһƬҵĺ
ɷֱʴ˵Ϊߵͱ˰׳գһЩ־ǿʿҲһͷʹѣתŸֹš
ҰԳͨߣֳһͷյĲʥӥӰʵһ㡣
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Щ˶ɷԪϼƽܵǱޣΪߵһˣʲõĳ˰ա
ҰɫĮʥӥĹոսܾٴλһƬɫıһͷɽ޴ки˳͵Ĵźɫ˻ƽɽײ˳߰˸ϼһ
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ڣ
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ҲףҰϵɱôأξΪ˽ɷŶ£ҲΨƴһ;

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ԱļɷǿҲֹסԼԱǵɫ쳣ѿ
ҰѾԷգԱˣҲ޷˺Ұһĸо
ԴΪĻɽ󱻷Ұ߽֮ǾעҪһڵǿ߷쭣治ɷԳܵġ
ܷסԱѵ㻹ܷסȱʥԱɷǧ꣬ûеƣŷ壬ұһ뷢԰׵ϼһּ̧һɫ沼˼ѺۣԼֳһɵʥ
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ҰܵļʱʥԱδ˺ĳƮ裬֮
˫Ĳ̫ˣϼһﶯòȱʥԱҲҰ½ǡ
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ҲǷҰԼʵţ֪½ܣɷܹ½дǧ꣬Ȼǵĵ̡
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ڷҰ˵ַвԶԶϲϲȱʥԱв˲ܣȭͷųâһȭǵѪ档
䣡
ѪըҰƤûƿš
ҰѾԱո̤Щ֣ѪвԷҰ˵͸Ƶģ˶
ҰԥĽ˺飬ͻȺƵģһƬƬɷӶ¾Ѫɺӡ
ɷҲǿĵƣеǷеǿܣеǸʴǿĶҺеǲȱʥȵȣϧȴ޷ԷҰ̫Ӱ졣
ҰʱϣʱˮʱȺɽãһƬƬո
գҰȫͭӣ𵴳һƬһƬĺƴֱӽɷĹȺ䶼һƬ棬ɷеǾûκܹߣ
ɷ״½г


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ҰȻɷķ֮ϣһϮƮδմȾ˿Ѫֻȴ쳣ŨѪɫɷζ˱ǡ
ԳͨվڷҰߣܵһɹɷϮԼԺֿǳĳ
Զս˶еһĿڸвԶԶ뿪żĿȫ¶ԷҰη塣
һ֮ɷһţûκܹѣΨЩĵӲŽӵһ
ĵ׶ܿƵķ˴СĴţǵ֪Ұǳڻɽ֮жɽ˽ɵıǩ
ҰѪһոճħɷת춯ء
Ұɫƽ˫Ŀһ⻪˸ĸֳһӵİţϿ˴ת͵Ĺ󣬽Ѫɷ֮ӵĵࡣ
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һһİųУֳʮϵİţһƵͨ߿գ֪ͨڡ
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Ұȫë׶˿һ壬ȫ͸һˬȻĸо
Ұ΢΢¶һ˿ɫܵѪɷ֮δֱɢǱĶʮҹתһֿ䵽֮С
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͸ص֮ƵģţȴܹӦõսżļӳá
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ҰѾֹһɽˣ˵ػ߿ݼţϢ䣬ÿζеһַͬѰĸо
ڷҰոտɽʱĸӦ˴˴ĲѰɽϢԼÿɽۡ
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ܵϢҰɫ䣬̲סŭѵǺҪһħͷųɣ
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ʱҰȻԶһ߿ǴԶŴԽĴɽֻҰһҵĶԶľڿٵ˹ȥ
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һħҪƷ
Ұ˫ĿâտտٵŻ鷢괫ħ䣬Ǽٸ
㷽ҰţһħʱҲû˿İա
ھԵʵǰϵıڶܹ࣬𵽵Ҳ޵úܡ
Ұֻһ͵Գͨȥʮ⣬˴鲻ֵܹģȥǰɽ߻Ǵ˴Яرǰ


476 ħ
ħзӡħǴʱҰĹ˼ɣħСڵǰӡԪҲһʿԶԿġ
ҰѾ괫֪ͨ˻ˣҲԳͨȥ֪ͨ˵ҲֻҪ֧Գͨ졣
ԳͨҲ֪ڷҰҲﲻʲôæֻ÷Ұչ÷ҰԼӦԡ
ϴ㱣أȥȱԳ֣ͨصŷҰһٵԶ˿ȥ
ҰԳͨȥȫ񶼷ɽ֮С
ɽھҵĻζţħ쳹񷣬һҡε֮ûɵĸеһëȻ
Ұɫޱȣ֪˼ҪϹҲҪһʱ䣬ħ˵Ȼˡ
΢˼һҰ˫иֳһ־ȻɫȻٵȺѩܷܷˣֻǰħڵλá
ܿ죬Ұ͵Ŀĵأͫײɵ
ǰԶǵǸħλãʱǸ֮¸ֳǸɫУһֻᶨٶתš
ںɫе룬һͷȫɫƬĸħ˻ţϵĴ죬Ŭ
죬Ĺ⻪Ѿ˼£Ҫ˶ãħҪƷ
ҰеŭǣͷħǰԶһϮµĺڸһ꾲գ帽ǸҲֳһƬƬɫƬһħ𣬿ٵû뵽ͷסĸħϡ
ɫǳƽƺ֪ᷢЩ飬ȴû˿ںһ˫峺۾ɨܣȻΪǸħ껤
ҰŭգǸħǸĸ֣ħϵħħףͶɱ
ħȥǸħҰĵŭҪħԸԱߵǸħ֡
ħδҰصĵ˴ڤħʵ̫ħʵֻ࣡һγֵĻᣬǸħ֮󣬾޷ֹħƷ⣡ֹڤħƷ⣬Ҿ޷ٴγ֣ҪԺԼǸħˡԼã
Ұ˼ĻӦϻ˵ȥѹڤħʣµͽˣ
鼶ħÿһͨ쳹֮ܣϾѾȼĸǿߣǱӡʮҲɱ֮
һħ½ضͿ̿ûκ˿Կ⣬ħҲС
ãҾȽڤħѹȥԼรɣħ˵ɴ䣬˿ˮ
ħĻδ䣬ͻһɫĹâźɫĵǸħѹȥ
ħôܣħ񷢳һ𺳵ŭȫƬ̣ջǱǸɽƴħѹȥ
ʵǸɫлָʧؼٻָƽκ鶼ûзƵġ
Ψһ󲻸ʵŭ紫𶯵Ƭɽ΢΢ҡţֻǸͨ½ͷħͨȴûٴγ֡
ħ֣ͽǸƷħѹȥ÷Ұ𾪣ʵû뵽ħȻ
ƺǿ˷Ұɻħǲ϶Щ𣺡СӣΪܵģڤħѹʮܹ꣬ҲҪʮſٴλָ龳硣ڣϵǳ΢ҲֻܷӳΪʱѹסҲʲôɣ
Ұʶĵ˵ͷ΢΢˿ħѾ˥ֵزǲǿھ񣿣
뵽ۣҰеһ˷ܣлһŵ飬ҰƴȫҲһԣ
ħƽٴ𣺡СӣȱŸˣɲͬһʿ鵽ҲһԽֻڤħɱֶγ󣬾λҲֻܽڤħڴ˴޷䳹𡣡
ҰԵͷ̾˿뽫ħˣڿڵʵ񣬸ǳ˵Σ
ʧʱǸħľ̲סſ³һѪɫ쳣ɷס
ȫĵ׼Ȼڤħû뵽Ȼ˿˲佫Ʒħѹȥ
ǸħĿ絶ĶҰŭСӣ㻵ҵĴ£
ҲŷҰŭĿҰ벻Ҳƻʦĺ£׼װɣ
Ұ΢΢ŨüŭħΪʳ㾹ȻҽͷħͷųҪ½Ϳ̿𣿡
ɫŷҰĵ֮У;ͬ飡ħеʦҽϾ磬Щͨ飬ɱ˱ɱˣΪ˵ˣԼ߲ˣ
Ұһѹסĵ׷ŭĿ絶ź壬ĮĵҸղѾƽɷڣɷЩͬž׵ʱˣ


477 ս˫
ʲôɷɫ䣬峺Ŀһ˿Ѫ죬ȫ͸һɱ˵ĺһɱ𣬽ʵƲ㶼ȥ
ڸոգһ˿ĸоҰԣȷָоԴɷ
Ĵ½ħľδ֣ҪΪͽΪǾĴˣħ屳ĵ̣Լʢ˥ˣʦ
ηص½˳ΪɷƲƺƵЩҪ˶þͿԼ֤ɷ
ոѿʱȴҰĶɱˣ˫в˳ޣҲʷҰΪλ´ζ֣νҲҪɱ˷Ұ
ˣҪɱɽҶ¾ɾ÷ҰҲһŵζ
ȻǸħǸողŷӦ˹ŭŷҰɱȻĵħոڤ˵ħħϣ
ҰɫĮźħش𣬰Խϵħ뼺
ҰڴڣǶ˾ϵħҲȻֻܷӳԲ޷һľ࿹⡣
οкԱ߻ܹõ컯е߰ϱҲôöԸġ
ҰڲڸǶ֣Ѿڸȵˣܹ֤һʧ
ҰѾɷ𣬺֮ǣǱߣԺҶա
ҪɱҰҰ
ǸħȻҲħסˣɲŷҰ
ħħ֮д񣬸ոۼħѹڤħһĻڤħѾ˼£ҲѰƵġ
ãħеļɵ֮ɫȥҰٳٲҲЩ²⡣
ħ϶״̬µģĻҰ͸ֱӶˣûҪڼȥ
ֻǣֻһ˿ĿԣҲȥðգԻЩԥ
ҲĹ˼ɣĿŷҰʦҶСҲЩ˽⣬ħӦֻһΣϻиϵħ񣬲ģҲֻӳԲΪмҲڲԶĻɽ֮УΪ˱ҹζ࣬һɣ
ãһ֣ɱǸħϵ
Ұһ޷͸ĸоͷڤħȴҰƻ˵Ұļѻڸ;УҲ¶ģŷҰЩѻδʱɱ˷Ұ˵
ħħħ壬ǿɾǴһĹԶħμǣࡣ
Ұʱ䣬ħҪ֣Ƶ٣ħ
ħʥµĻħСӣƻڤħĸһҪɱ㣡Ǹħſ³һͭͷ˿˿Ƶɫ⻪źԨʥ
һʥ
ħһֱе鵱ǵĿɱʥͶ֪жˣʥħвôЩΪǿħ嶼ܹӵһ
ħ֮ͭеĵҲһЩȴ⣬źʹ˸ɫúһס˷Ұ
ħӷҰϸܵһвһֶħвȲҪҰնɱ
ɫĮ˪ֳһɽһʥڱɽţҡҷӿһһնסˡ
γɰΧҰٵʧԭأһͷĲʥӥƵ壬жǰ쵶ĵڻ谵̫·űĹ
Ǹڵǿߣħ˵ѾˣҰȻѡһСһЩġ
Цһ˸ֻһ˳ϵϢͬǿ󣬾ֱһȱʥŷҰ˹
ͬʱıҲһһģһĲȱʥһҰ
һһģһķΪһǿ죡
Ұ΢΢뵽һִ˵е似һ壡
˵ֹе߾Ժ󣬿ԻԼһģһķ൱һ𾪡
ʹõطһ壬ҲƵ似÷Ұ΢΢Щȡ
Ұƥն񷣬ֱǰžǸնȥ


478 
䣡
Ұе쵶ȻնںеǱȱʥ棬һƴĺԶŰ
˿ٷֿҰĿжһ˿أҲ֪õʲôطոһܹӳѾԲԼҪ΢һ
ҰڰлһĻȣһ幥ɱ˹ȥâѤã˺
һеĲȱʥû·ʢƵģ˷ĹҰ
Ұᶶ쵶޾һƬ貵Ļ״һ𣬷һ
ҰжһĨȣʹõĶǽεĲȱʥʵһģһǺ屾ڵΪȫԲΪ
Ұ˫Ŀȣ似ǳõ似ͿԻһԲķ
ڷҰƬ̣ǸħͻȻˣſиֳһƬ磬͸һƬ嫵֮ŷҰȥ
Ұܵһɽѹĺƴѹ˫ĿйâȻһƬһ߳һֻƴСȸԡ裬һֻɽ޴쳤Хͷ۵һŭХų񷡣
¡
һƴ촫ħһƬƴȻҰͷҲ𣬷Ұɫ԰׵Զ
ҰȻĵеõûüȻĻܹӳ͸ǿ
Խڣÿһ֮ĲԽ
Ұþϵħ֮ΪҲﵽԲľ磬ִΪý飬ؼմƣǿħײӲˡ
嶯ֻ֮˸÷ҰҲоѹԸ壬ҰҲҪֶξС
ħҲʼ֣ħħԲȻֻһһ֮𣬸÷ҰԿ⡣
ҰնɱֹһλľǶǿԼɱǿڶϵɱڤǿħĳ䲻⣬ɱ䳤Ҳǿ˼ϵ
Ҫ÷Ұһһոս׵ľҲûʲôʤ㣬࣬㡣
ûһħסһҰоնǱ׽סˣ߸ǲܵ顣
ҰҲ֪ԼҪնɱħͺǳ˵ΣҪʱ䣬ȵ˵Ҫ¾Ҳʲô¡
ħȻҲ֪Ұ룬еĹͬƵģһһҰϢʱ䡣
ɽѩǣ£ͬʱڣӰԷҰΪģ෴ķתš
Ӱת֮ʼӣһӨɭıɽʼܣƽɽԶ
תۼ䣬Χǧɵľ붼ɽǣ׻Ϊһɽ磬һţ͸ʰ쵵ѤùʣŸִ˸ݡ
¡¡
ǧ飬ѵıδɢԭɽĵط۳һɫÿһɢƢı䡣
ͬʱſҡҷˣתִɣ֯һƬƬ˿ߣһƬŷҰ˹ȥɢ˿˿˿·ɽѿһ졣
Ұֽ̧е쵶Ա͵ϮĻħͶ˹ȥ
ͬʱҰ˫ֿٵĽӡһɹɾ˫ּ䷭һͷɽĺɫг
ţҰٴθֳһͷɫ䣬ٵ뷽Ұӡлӡںһ͸һɱ뺷
䣬ˮϵĴ飬ˮϵ֮סںˮֵʱеЩ˿ηγɵƬʼ΢Ļζ
ˮһſһͼտʼȫֿһջǱˮһ븹С
裬˿¾ɫ䵭Ӱͬķҡҷҡҷĸˡ
ҡҷһһı˿趯ˮڵı˿ʹǸ޴䶼ʼп񱩵ķš
ҰаտԿںӡڵı˿ϧħĹֵˣҰֻðһϧõһԣͷˮ䰧һΪƬ
ħͺϣƵķҰΨܵķݶ
кһһ񱩣ȴҲδܸҰʲôʵԵ˺
Ұһ߸ţһ߸ӦŻϢоڿٵĿţǲŸƴ
ϻ߰ϱҰ֪Լʱ򷢳һһֱڷ߰ϱ͵Ϯ
Ӱɫ˪Ŀ£˫֮ĹȻȴδ߰ϱ
ù£ħЩˣɫŭС֪ʥ㲻ó͵ɣ
Żħŭͷͭת˲ΪɽСŷҰͷʥƵ
ʥھУܹӳҪǿ̫ˡ
ҰҴ⣬ſ³žžϵķķ·һ˲ȫһ㣬˴˽㣬һɫĹâӱžгѹͭ˹ȥ
䣡
ɫâȻײͭһĺ·ײƵģ˺ѿһմѷ졣
Ұ˺ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףٻ쵶
˷ʱ򣬷Ұ޵ĸоܵжһ˿صؼһֹ磬һϤĸо
֮ף
֮Ĺ̫񱩣ջ½Ĳ顣
ڷҰոħֿʱһжȻâǧĻ궼ʼ׷׽壬һƬƬһƵĸѲ񷣬תųŷҰΧɱ˹ȥ
ʥײҰϢڷ״̬ʱ֣ѡ˷Ұʱ
ҰǿԼΪ쵶صУͻûǧӰϮһײһ𣬷һײ
ȻҰܵһΣУ˼ĽͭӸ˳ֱܡ

һ촫ͭײһҵĲʥûȫͱѹȥٱ
ͭӵĺ÷ҰһͷۻѹڷڵѪסͭһ𣬽Ķ˳ȥ
ҰüǶӣƬɫӨĻ꣬תŴϢⰻȻǣɱ鲼
Ƭɫпٷ裬лһ𣬻һ侧Өε߰񻨣û뵽˺ü֮С
߰ϱ
ոպ徹Ȼ߰ϱڶ֮͵ϮҰδɢ˿ɱǷҰӦĿ죬һ²Ҳˡ

ؼ翪ʼ˷Ŵ˴Χ£˹
Ұɫ΢΢˱䣬ϴν뵽ͱס˺ü£ջðɱֻӳ
ҲǸݽɫ֪пܻ飬ҲҪǿгȥҰΪԼʲôֶοԴӱܹ顣
ҰȴףֲǱ޿ɱܣ
ʥˣ˲飬Ҳܹ¾λӡҲ޷һƬǿķ
ӣҰһԼΪѡ
ֲ֪ķҰҲһԣ
ͻħҲİԵɫ쳣ѿȫƴš
໣
Ȼһ񱩵ǧһҵĲħλٴθֳǸ޴УһֻɫƬƴӺɫ̽˳
ڤħڳӡ
Ұǹа֮Уֻܸɿֻֿ񱩵ֹ
ڷҰͻħԼʧ˲䣬ϡѩܷܷ˵ӰҰ֮Уžû뵽޾Ĵʱ֮С


479 
ҽʱգ½Ŀ˺֮·ʹƵģ˺׾ʧƬҵʱ֮УҲ;
ִҵʱգҰѾǵһξˣεĸоȴϴͬ
ϴΣǽڷѩ뵽Ƭҵʱ֮еģȭͷӲĴȥġ
ΣȴǱ֮еģɲ֮еǳĹŹ֣γȭȻǴ޻Ƶģ޴
Ұֻǹɲ֮Լڲͬʱд󣬽ʧȥ˺ԼǸħϢҲ֪˱ʲôط
а֮УҰоΧЩʱյȫͬڵǴΣܵĸʱ˺֮ϴҪСöࡣ
Ҳ˵аһƵģ˸ĸѹ
ҰЩˣɲ֮ӦþǵµģаãҰҲЩ²⡣
а磬˽뵽ǿ֮УҪѰҴˣԿĴУԶԸħ壡
ܹﵽǿߣŻܹ𴫳еͱ׼
ֵѾԶԿ֤ˣҰôԶ֮У½ṳ̂߾磬Сڵǰڤħʮǰ½жֵģ½ΪǴ֮ز
ƶ˪ӰԼɫǳ½ħѹڤħħлŲڹ㺮칬ʥǵء
Ұܸо½гأֳô򵥣ȥ֮һҪ취̽½İأҲҪ½ʲôʱǴ֮صġ
֪˶ãҰܵǹа綸ȻʧЩҵʱҲʧӰ٣Ұٴν뵽Ǵǿ֮С
ҰͷųԼľδֺͻħϢȴٴηǿձݣҲǿ
һν뵽ǿ֮УҰа̾һط̫Źˣиɱ鲼ƶҲ˵ԼûκΣա
˴ûзУһƬڰֻżյĸֿţڰһĨ
ҰһǹⶼûпԼǲǻǿ֮С
ҰϸӦһδӦǳ֮Ҳ֪ǸʲôطҲѡ˸˹ȥ
ҰƲ⣬ȻǹаĿľǽ½ĸλǿߴ뵽˴˴ĸǰУӦöͨƬ
ݼŵգı䣬ܲʱţ޷ȷ·ںη
Ұڿݼŵ֮ǰУڻҪźͻħҰδȫ·Ҫʱ̱ս
һӵʥħһԲĺ壬Ұ˿Ĵ⡣
˴ɵò䣬ȫ·ĻڼĵʱУ㷽ҰҲԲ
ڿݼŵǰУҰѾûʱ֪˶ãٴμƮľ޴ʯ
ʯԽԽ࣬ػһ˿ǹ⣬Ұһϲǹڵķ˹ȥ
Ұڸ϶ԼղŵĲ²⣬ܴʲôطǰУն
ʱҲпܼ˵ʱ򣬷ҰҲԼľߣⱻ͵Ϯ
ŷҰǰУŽʥԶƮҰѾһˣ鲢δ̫Ĳ
ǹԽԽŨҰٴμһ½ĺ嫴½תǹƻãһƬʥء
Ұȴ֪ﴦɱʥҲʮа˾Ż䡣
֪ǷѾҵ˴˴ҰʱҲȥȶƶסԼʱУΧ嫴½
Ҫϸ۲嫴½ȫò״Ȼ󷨲ô˽⣬ƶļӳ£ҲܹĲй켣ȫĹۿҲΪ˷ֹɱ־֮С
֮⣬ҪѰҺˣлᣬԥĻὫ˸ˡ
Լ߰ʱ䣬ҰѾ嫴½ȫò۲һ飬ƶ£Ҳ˸һ˽⡣
ȻҰ޷ȫƿ󣬵ҲаտԿĲй켣ˡ
˽Խ̣ҰԽĿֲʥͣҲɱ
ѹħ˵ܻԵƥ벽ҲдǰС
Ұ¶һ˿΢Цȴ˸űɱ
˴ȻΣգҲʧΪһõĺõط
֮УԿƼټٵһй켣Ҳ׵նɱˡ


480 ɱ
֮УҰδܵ˵ϢǲԼһ뵽ֻ֮ųȥˣ֪Ʈεء
ħʥҲ컯黤ħһֱǡ
Ұնɱħͺ壬Ҳڽ뵽Ƭ嫴½֮УƵģڵȴϹ
Ҳ֪ǲʧڿݼǿ֮ˣü춼ûг֡
º󣬾ڷҰʼǷѾ뵽֮еʱڸܵһŨԶ˹
˵Ϣޣʥ࣬ѩܷܷЩƣ˵Ϣ֮УҰҲжϳǺ塣
ӰڷҰĿ֮У·Ҳ죬Ҳ֪ǲǲʲôΣδֱӽУΧƬ嫴½ڹۿʲô
ֻкһˣδǻħӰ
Ұ΢ݣκһֶӣܹõ߰ϱҲȻʱһسأȻܹ侲Ͳһ˿õˡ
ҰظӦΪҲǴ۷״̬۷ǻδӳԲΪ
ϱȻҲʲô鵤ҩ֮ĶҲĵرȻҲֵ˴
˫ޱȣԼеĹ켣֣˫ֻʱָ㣬ݴ˴Ĵơ
ںݣҰδϣ˴벽鶼ͣô죬Ҳܸ벽ȡ
ܹ͸Ψһ֮ƶڷҰԼϣֻҪ뵽֮Уǿɾûôˡ
Դ֮гҰҲᡣ
ҰںҲ˽⣬֪˴ΣգҲ֪ҲĪԵ̲סȥ̽ġ
Ұڳֻ֣Ҫ뵽֮УҰʮɵİտ
Ұ嵽׻ʲôʱƬ嫴½ʱٴθӦһɿٿϢ
ϢϢȫͬϢг˲ɱħԣȺϢҪǿöࡣ
Ұâ˸֪Ǹħˡ˻һȻ÷Ұ鷳һЩֻҪǽ뵽֮УҰҲаտԽһնɱ
ʦ𣡡һӭȥ
һħƴԶħӰ֣Ƭ̾˺ߡ
ħ¶˱壬ϲϸܵƬͷϵɢŵħ⣬һϸβҡţɢһаĿ֮С
ħ֮۾Ҳӿֳһ־ϲɫЦΪʦοСҲǸһǹɹַģûСӣ
ҡҡͷϲû̫ı仯ƽĵˣҲû
СӽƻĺܣǧҪСġħһ䣬һתּˣˣ½ʲô
תƵǰĺ嫴½֮ϣ촽һеʥأ汦ҩ鲼תŸִɣˮֻǣȴû˿йȫƬ½֮Уû˿һɴ˴гǿػ
ħЦŵ˵ͷ͵˵ûҲо˴ЩŹ֣Ҳ˽⣬֪ܷ󣿡
嵭Цʦ˵Цˣ˴ûд޷ȷ̸ֺƽ⣿
ħǿ֮û˿Ҫȥ棬ǳΪľƬ½гҪҪСҪȵΪĵĲˣʲôΣҲԶܡǵĻ̫󣬲ھͽС
ŻħЦŵ˵ͷҲãһȫʦԸ
ħҲӣٿǰĺ嫴½ֽ̧һϵĴӡ˳ȥ̽Ƭ嫴½ķӦ
䣡
ϴӡصƬ嫴½ϣһ˷ȴδƬҳκһѷ졣
ҰԶɵð̾һ϶ǹʺˣһ¹ǡ˴Ŀдδ˿Ӧ
ţҰоͻħûʲôӦеĹ˼Ҳ࣬ԴĽҲûôˣԼҲõһЩ
ȻǻħӴӡķӦϵı쳣ϲԷ࣬޵üӲɽʯ
һȻδڴ֮ϣħȻкܴľ裬ı岢ûֱȥǿŹӴӡٴԱߡ
ԭһ¡죬ӡûɱ֮С
ħ΢˿źʾ£ΪʦѾ̽Σ·ûΣգȥɣΪʦΣҲʱȳ
ħħıԣթɣѾ̽ΣȴҲδģʱȻú̽·
ҰĵЦһħħ壬Ĳ˳ʺħһʼϺ壬ûʲôġ
ü΢ȴδħԣ΢΢ף˵Ļʦˡ
Աϣſ³һżѺ۵İӣԼͷ˿˿ƵʥСǰĴ½ȥ
ҰŨü΢΢Ҳʵ죬Ѿ嶯εĲȱʥʱֶóһεĲȱʥ治֪׻жٵơ
֪ΪΣҰܸоʲôԣǾ֡
ŹӴӡտʼµķλ£û˿ƫҲڼɵ˴Ĵ
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Ұ˫΢΢ſͷһʥ;֪꣬ĸͨ߸뵽ɫ֮УΪ˱ɫе顣
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ԺɱҰɫûκα仯һѾȫɫۿ󸽽й켣
ܵӡڷҰԺУҰǸֳһ˿Ц⣬Įĵ̫Լˣɱң㻹ʸҿ㻹ܲܶùȥ
ԱϣҰֱӽһϵһСصʥӭǵ˹ȥ

ҰһһСضѵʥȻըƬգɱըҲõ
ڷҰԱȱʥʱֽ鶯˳߰ϱײһ𣬷һĺ
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487 ӡ
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488 ٷħ
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ҰԼļ䣬ٴΧǿħĹȺ䣬ҲЩԻ͵ĵǶϱڲԫٲȻһƬ档
ڹȺǿħڵǸȻûκα仯ȺƵưܵĹϡ
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ѩܷܷ˫иֳƬƬѩĹӰ·ŴĹ켣ת
Ƭ֮ѩܷܷٴλָĵһħ󣬿ǿħ֮УҹǷħµģڣڤħƷ֮󣬾Ϳڼ̵ʱڻָ۷״̬
Ұ΢΢˵ͷȻˣ
ʱҰȻоһ޿ײа֮˷Լ˹һëȻĸо


489 Ұħ
а֮ĵҰоԼʶɱȻʶһӱģԺеħӡԽԽ
Ƭ̣ҰԺгħӡȻ
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˶˹һķĴ뵽Ұϣѩܷܷǽʮҹ˳»뵣ŷҰϵħ
ͬʱǵĿжڴŷҰ֣ҪطҰʶ
ҰûκεķӦ˫ּӡǲݻ˶˳ǷҰ֮ǰħӡ
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ħӿħԽԽ࣬ؽƵĹȺ䶼С
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ˣҰڵƶҲܵ˼Ӱ죬ɢ޾嫵ڷҰתɹħŷҰȫëɢˣħз˹ȥ
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ѩܷܷǶѪϲ˽ɫ˪ӰвԼʥ˳ȴ޷ƿҰǹħ
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ǹа֮ոճֵʱ򣬷Ұ͸о˲ԾĬƵӡŬ
Сӣ¯ǲܹʮˣûһ˸ϵ¯غڷħˣֻҪҵõ¯ͱȻԽ⿪ڤ˵ķӡȻһаŵڷҰԺ𣬹ħʼŷҰʶһӿ˹ȥ
᣿ҰԺһӸֳ
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ĹǳŹ֣ȻѾʮˣ治֪Ǹ˶Ϲ
ҲΪϹ̬䣬ϵı¯ܹڡ
ڣϼһҪԼ
ֻҪҰһʶĨɾʧؼˡ
ʱνǷҰΣյʱ̣ƶԱãҰʱпٲ
ҰܹظӦԼڵĹ·߶ѾȫıˣԼϵĴһħӡħеڤħڲϵĥŴ˴ķӡ
ﬡ
ҰʼһƬƬϸܵɫƬͷҲʼһɫĶǣɢħ⣬ӿħŨˡ
ħ
ҰѾԿ϶еĹȻħеһй·߸ı֮Ϳʼħ
Ұħ֮θħ廹ЩͬδβͣͷϵħҲֻһȴԵЩ
ҰȻ֪ԼϷ״ȴ޷Լ壬еһʶʱ
ʱ򣬷ҰҲ˲ˣֻܽȫ񶼶ʶ棬Ŭһʶ
Ұоŭ֮Уħ˿˿ԼŰ÷Ұ֮Ƶġ
ϵʹԶԶǳ˿õģι⡢ٵȿ̸ϵʹȣֱ͸Ƶġ
Ұż͵־֧ţ궼ҪķƵġ
ǴϵĹֱ֮ϣҰظӦԷľԼǿ̫ˣֱһ㡣
ҰҲףԷˣģǳľ޴󣬶Է֮ǿĨԼʶ
ҰеƵӡؼľطټϷҰͲεҧΧħϮ
ҰһʶǷвƵģʱܻϨȴب״̬ƵģϢȼţħ죬һʶʼղ
ֻ״̬֮УҰε֮Ƶġ
úҰѾʹľˣԼҲ֪Լֶãֻƾһֱڼš
ʱ֮ǸаЩȵĵҵħʴϿĿ̻Ҫܣ㾹ȻԼôãƶѡˣ
ҰϾҧš
ʱȥˣǸа˸ӾˣʥҲ޷ħʴ֮¼ֵڣǣôڻȻͦţСӣ㵽ʲô̥
Ұ֧š
һ֮Ǹа˵֮ʱһ˿ƣСӣѵоʹ𣿾ʥҲñҶˣôܼţ
Ұԣһֱڼ֡
֮ǸаҲֲסˣĵ־ô˼ͣҵħʴκβ㣡
һĶᣬƬ֮ͿɣЩ־֮ʱҲɶᡣ
ʵû뵽Ұ־˼ͣ
ⶼȥˣҰʶȻǰһûʲô仯ȻвƵģʱϨȴʼղϨ
ҰоΧϮԼħһЩ֪ǸҪļһＴֲסˣдϲ
ҰѵʱˣۼᵽȻҪ취ĿȨɲԼɸªħ塣
ҰȫħϸܵƬ˸Ķ˫ͫ׵ĺɫУ·һħ
ѩܷܷȫܵشħƵԶ޷ȫɫħķҰûκΰ취
ˣ
ȻҰüĴһĨѤõĹ⻪üĸֶܿš
һѤù⻪֮ϸƬûͷϵĶҲٴû뵽Ұڣħ
ŷҰʶĻָħеϵҲѿƶҲתħʼŷҰΧڵħ
һĨѤù⻪ѹҰͷ­Ұ˫ٴλָԼľٴγŲ·ѹ˹ȥ
Ұ˫ָѩܷܷ˶ɵ˿ҲҴкִҰ
Сӣ󣡡Ǹаͻأ𣬷ҰϵħҲɢϵħҲûš
ߣߵ𣿣ҰЦһųɱſһĨ̴гħ˲Ի˳
⼸췽ҰʱűΣħĿȨһʱͽħ˳ȥ
䣡
ħһӽǵӷҰߵħӰУħϹ⻪˸ҪǿǸħӰ
ħҡβѣһַǳٶСû뵽Ұڡ
ħڷҰԺ𣺡һǸħʥҿֻʣһڶʱ⵽˷ɣһѹסʹѹҪҲҪܳһʱ䣬ʱҰﲻˣ
ħ˵ͳĬȥרѹħӰȥˡ
໣
ʱǿħٴδһУһֻɫƬִŻħг˳ħ졣


490 һս
ҰǵħӰ죬ȻѹħӰ֮УƶһֱתħħеڤħʱڤħǴ۷״̬
ڤħ޴е˺ü裬Ҫħг
Ұõѩܷܷǰʱע⵽ɫ쳣ѿϵϢɢҲ
Ұ˲˹ΪƶеڤħɴԵʣҲܵ˼Ӱ졣
飬оôҰüͷ壬ƣзɳһѤõĹ⻪û뵽ڣ̽Ż塣
ЦЦû¶Ǳħͷ˽ܿͿԻָϴõģǻ취Ƚħͷѹȥɣ
Ұڻܶ𣿡
Цû⣬ֻҪƶ飬ҾͲ̫⣬ֻǻָҪʱһЩ
Ұصĵ˵ͷãǾһ֣ΪУǧҪǿ
ʱκҪϣҪڤħ½ҪͿ̿Ҳһ
ҰһȫǿħԽԼǿֶζ˳
ѩܷܷ̤ɫƶ䣬˪Ӱ͸һ
ѩɫشϢת
Сſ³񻷣ܽ֯ء
ͫڤʥǹīʥǿħ
飡ҰŻһиֳǸƶʱƶǰࡣ
黯һɫ⻪û뵽ƶ֮Уõƶٴα
֣ҰһȫΪ뵽ƶ֮С
ƶٱЩͼҪƵģ죬غԳɽ޷죬ӱڣͼ֣ư硣
תۼ䣬ƶͻΪɽСһɰĺƴųħֻ޴ѹȥ
ƶҲħΣƾƶѹȥ޿ܣƶˣħдһɳƶۻŭХֻɫƴƶĻȥ
䣡
ֻɫֿҰĻƶϣȻһգƶС
ܵҰ۵һѪɫ԰ֽȻҧƶڵΪš
ͬʱѩܷܷҲʼˡ
ѩܷܷĺ˪Ӱµ˪ӰնѿѺۣ˲ɫָǰâ£նѵء
Ǿ޴ϸֳģһڴ󶴣ֱӽ˪Ӱ˽ȥ
ѩܷܷɫһףо˪ӰڿٴһһĴգѲ֪ʲôطȥˡ
ˢˢˢ
вˣ󣬷·ڲƵģɫָش󣬴һۼ˷ɫ֡
в벢ɫӲӲǿɫָǹħɫֵ
ɫ£ЩۼɢӰ٣ûжɫκӰ졣
СһھѪħиֳһŲٴֻ֣񻷻һɫ棬ݺݵս
Ϊ˲һŲٴסֻɫֻɿƶһƽγɵֽ˳ȥ
䣡䣡
ʱ򣬺ڤʥǹͱʥȺնֻɫϣĽһƬƬδ䡣
ɫһ𣬺ڤʥǹͱʥֱ߱ɵԶĹ⻪
Ұջƶɫ쳣ѿ
һǶֶȴѹƵһͿ޷ڤħʲôӰ졣
ƶ֮󣬴ʱڤħӳԶԶͨľԱģƶϵʥ;Ϊˡ
ڤħϾһ飬Ϊĥ룬شȴ˿δ١
ոڤħǽԴ⣬Ұһ˴û˿֮һҰȫ˻صơ
ಣ
ѿѩܷܷڽ˪Ӱ˻ɫɷһƬջغ˪ӰҲķ˲Ϊ
治֪˪ӰڤħʲôطڤħܹӳޣѩܷܷѾ˪ӰҲջ
ɫֳŷҰ̽˹ҿǲƬֱϻţñֱɫҲ޷쵽Ұ˵ߡ
ɫַ趯ţǾŲҲԼֲ˶ˣ÷Ұ˶еһëȻ
ڤħ½ȻͿ̿˵½ҲܵӰ졣
Ұԥóǿ״Ļ񣬸ߺ£
ŷҰĸߺ״ĻһĹ⻪žʧ
żƷڤħҰֻܽɱﵶ˳
ǷҰһ飬Ұ״ĻֻҪҰ񺰳⼸֣¾ͻڵһʱ
ҰҲҿ϶ܷڤħѹħ֮Уܷڤħǰûİ취ֻþ¹һˡ
ҰҲ֪ºʱԸϵùܹģǾʱ䡣
ʱҰȻڤħЦ£ƾҲ˵⼸֣ħѹڤ¾ŴħʥеĻ飬罫ˣһһʹ죡
ҰŪЦЦڤ㱻ѹӶɽ˰ɣʲô黹ǸħʥҲǱѹħҲȻ
ɫȻҵţڤħۻɳƵߵߣ֪С֪ʲôħ˶ز࣬ħ岻⾮֮ܿ׵ģ
ҰĵҼüΪǿħˣȴѹڲͬĵطνĿѹǱʲô˶ħ𣿡
ڤħмĵҳҲвĸ콾ϧЩ콾ħĿֻҵȱѹ֪򸶳ĴжأѹǼе
Ұ΢΢Щݣ֪ڤħԾ΢ЩţҲӦЩŶȣһ̲ĵԼˣ̫ħǿн򣬱һĳ˷ɻңνĿ𣿡
񻹻ţڤħг˾ȣһ˿ŵڣϵĶͣɼж
ڤħߵСӣ㲻ﴵţ̫ϵıһӦֻһ񻹻ţǸҲΪ档


491 
ڤħĻҰĵΪǱ𣿡
ڤħͣ£ŵĵָ۷״̬ҲȻ˿ԶԸħĵԶеĸû˿ħϣҲУǿԴһΣͿԴڶΣ
ҰƵĵǸʲôۣ˵ģ
ڤħĬֵСӣΪħ˽⣬˽ĽƤëѣ㻹ûʸħͷ㣡ܹӦ˲ħϣǳɳħ˵Ǹв
˵ڤħһתҲκζħвļһɳģϾҪƿ÷ӡȻҪֻħ
Ұ΢Ȼʵ֪ħ
ڤħĵϼһնɱħħˣħδУնָֻˣȴûһλָ۷壬ħ᲻֪
˵ڤħȴδŷҰħǲмһ㡣
ҰڤħĻҲ˲Ϣħαȴָֻˣֻħħ֮ǣÿζħָ۷ĻᣬѵħҲ۷״̬µħħк
ʱ򣬲Щʱ򣬷Ұѹĵ׵ɻ󣬳ħ̵ħѹʲôħʥ¾Ŵħʥ֮һڶҵʱʧˣħ𣿡
ڤħ£һкڣĵΪڴ˴ػҶ˴꣬򣬾־ټͣҲӱˣ
˵ڤħ̾˿ҴӦŪƷ¯ģǽƶħ֮ħϴ裬û뵽ôһСС𶼶᲻ǱСӣ
Ұ̲סԼħʱ򣬲ɵƲƲ죬ôªӣ˵ˣνĺôɲҪ
Ұʱ䣬ʱش̼ڤħڤħƷ⡣
ڤħߵ֪Сӣ֪ʲôħħҲ쳣֪˴ͷ­Ҳ޷ѧᣬ㻹ûʸУ
ҰЦħ御Ǽթƻ֮ǵħӡǸȦףҲħ廹һУ
ħӡˣڤħһɻȻĵһ벻Ϊλ޷𾳽Сӣˣ㶯õħӡǶǣǵƶ֮ģлдԼ˸Ľ˴ѹֻʼ޷ĥʶԭΪдڣ
ҰҲеһ£ħӡ뱾ħӡطƣȴĳЩϸڷȴȫͬ
ڻħʥԼʱħӡȫڴ˴õ֣һЩԼӡȻܾΣˡ
һû̵սǷҰʷյսвпٲɱ˵¯ˡ
ڤħȻһŲϣŷҰЦСӣڣǾȻܣѵΪƾЩèĹ򣬾ͿԽٴη˵زɣ
ϣҰһĵɷΪΪ½ȻͿ̿ҵȻޣҲ̰֮
ǧϣɱ˾ɱˣڤħм
˵ħҲϣһĺȳ⣬һ췢УǾµˣ
ͷ췢ƮüѪ絶棬һϮɫ£ȼ棬ֻ͸Ϣȴ°׿ȻȺ
ھµʱ򣬷Ұ΢ɼ˿
ȻҲܷѹסѾָ˲ڤħҰԾϣǺܴġ
ǧǰһˣɲǰ׽еģ
ŷҰ˵ͷ絶ٴζڤħֻ̽ɫ棬ĵӦǸ飬ȴѹУ϶磡
һʥͣڤħ΢΢ЩȣɭĵСӣ˵ôϻô࣬ԭǽ˰һոճʥļһȫʢʱڣһƶһȺֻɫҲҴҵˣ治֪
һ飬ҲѾ䷲ΣҲɱ󣡡µԵƥִ̧һŲڤħ̽ɫѹȥ
䣡
ƴζչᡢԾǳСˮ̬ӾŲϷɳĹֻɫ֡
ʥħ׿ƬնƬƬƬƬƬı
¿һʥͣ˲ֹһƵʥͣսǷҰ˿ȵġ
һ¹ֱɫƬֱƬƬƬѪģ
ֻһոճʥʥͣ˺ü磬ʱȴһڤħԶķҰĿɿڴ
飬ѵȼ𣬾ǲһʥҲˡ
ڣǰԵľŲȴڤħֱ˲ƣڤħ
ڤħԼһƵļһ˵ˣŭӵĵҲ˭һҪ㣡Ȼȫ壡
Ҳģ²ΪƺԵĲ飬һͨƵģĹøˣ˳ǿƽڤħᴩ
ϵȻֻֻóǿһֹѾȫϤˡ
ɫҲʼ˷޴ŴĹ켣תϵ֣ĴŴ֮Ρ
ﬣ
Ȼһڤħһֱ۴Ҳħ̽˳ֻƳžĻ˹ȥתʱյ
ԶķҰ˶еһգգĶħڵķڤħֻƶ̽˳ֵܹס
ֻƣȻ壬ϵĻһһĴģԾµĽйɱ
أҰҲ˳ڤħȻֻ̽ƣҲֻǰۿԶһظ첲Ȼš
ڤħʱܹӳʥ;磬ŶԴԴţֱϵԽԽأ޲ھͽ°Ƥǡ
Сӣħ壬һʥͣҲ֮أڤħŭ
ɫƽĵħ˸лңģɱ˸лƵģħʥͶУħҲһˣһҪ㿪ҿħΣ


492 ħ
ңͻҲʥˣڤħЩȣЦСһȻ£Ҳħӵܣɱħ壬͸ɣƾ㻹סƳӡǡҳ֮Ҫúʣ
ħͷ̫Լˣ㻹ΪԼ𣿡³ȣһͷɫзɳһֵֻֻԡˣĹ켣ųڤħ
ڤħӡʮ꣬ǴڣǵȡƶҲδָʥ;硣
ңڤħڻŲס˴󲿷ֻǰڸ
ԵҲԶȾҪ̵ö࣬ʱͳһʬ
ڤħϾǸ飬ڵѾﵽһּĵزǴ֮УȻľŲ죬ʱƷƵġ
ﬣ
һŲѣڤħ۴ħ̽˳ħ죬ֻǰ˺ۣǾµġ
ʥ͸Ҷ֣֮жǾ޽еģʥ˵飬ǲ顣
飬Ѿȼ𣬾վﲻʥʹʥҲ޷κ˺ۡ
ֻڤħӡ̫ˣȫʢʱڵһŻᱻ´ҡ
ڤħʱŭĺһ飬ȴոսʥ;ļһѹŴ򣬻˺ۣе쳣ıڵŭѾΪʵȼգ
ڤħ֮̽ɢħӶʢˣ޴ƺХ񷣬һƽŲķ˳ȥŲϵĹ⻪
ŲǸʥ׳ƿڤħķҪĴܣڤħ˺󣬿ѪģʵҲֻˣԶԶﲻ˽ǵĵزڤħû̫Ӱ졣
ҰԺкȻϴ󣬽͹ȥɣȻѹסڤħ
ڻ񶦺״̬֮УδԻֻ괫뷽Ұ
ҰüͷЩɵĵ״̬ѾǳˣٴսĻأڻԶԶ״̬һڴսˣ㶼Ҫ׵ع磡
˲ôˣڵ񶦲״̬ڤħʱ״̬Ҳ񶦣ֻٴ˯֮Уͻ֮Ϳٴѹϴ󣬳ְɣ
ãҰٳɣ˫Ŀųâֱӽƶ˳ȥȵǰӶ
ƶ˫ͫһϳ񶦵һѽƶС
ƶδָ״̬ھܹӳҲԶеŲҪǿöࡣ
ƶе֮ڵȼѾڤħڤħɱҲ
ֱӽŲȫƶƶϱ貵ɫ⣬ٱһյĺ嫴󶦣ĸͼ
񷣬찿裬ԡ׺Ρɽ޴ǳҴһͬԻ˳ȫڤħȥ
ڤħһӳɫƬֱĴգиֳµĴģִӿӿһ
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һԶȾŲĹҪҵö࣬ƶһƵģӳƾ춯ء
ڤħֱѿۼƬʼƬ䣬ɫѪҺ䣬ѪҺеѹѹĲ񷶼ƬƬ
һѪҺѹɽħΧ˸ųסڤħѪҺˣ⼸ѪҺԽ˴ѹԨ
ڤħõڻŴƵģǿн顣
䣡
ڤħոհʱ򣬾ƶڤħֱϣҷ˴Ѫ⣬Ƭ׷ɡ
Ұǲɵ£ƶе֮ȴֻשã÷ҰеǳıŤ
ѹסҵģڤħŭƶɲͬھµľŲƶԶԶδָ۷壬ӦҲеЩġ
ڤħıŭˣ鱾Դȫ߶ȫɢƸӵˣѹķħһС綼ҲҪƵġ
ﬣ
һѵڤħһֱҲȫ˳ħ
ûκ˿赲ҳͨͨҪڤħŭХ񷣬ѷ죬С綼š
ȻҰɫһ䣬ѿڵˣ
磬ôˣѩǵŷҰ
ҰɫЩѩܷܷɫ΢̾Ϣѩڤħֱ۶˳ѾԶһЩˣǾǰҲٽӡסˡ
ѩͫī˵ɫѿ¶ѹסڤħл˭סѵھҪ군
飡
ƶڤħոֱ̽ϣѹҵڤħֱϵƬƬ䣬Ѫģ
ڤħһ׷Ĵƶֱۿٿ£˫ֽһһӡ
ףڤħֱ۳֪֮ڤħڶʲô񼼣Ĳڤħóѣĸˡ
ƴңڤħ˫۲Ҳ̶á
һħ飬һո̤ʥ͵ļһѹŴڤħеֵı
ڤħ˫ֿٽӡĶиֳһƬ޾Ĳãħһħӣһͷͷƻõħ
بħ򣡡ڤħһƬħԽԽֱԻС
Ұͫһ磡
بħڤħһƵģƶڤħϣѪĽĳֻ֣بħ£ڤħûκ˺
ڤħبħ֮ڷţŲһƴ죬ʱҪѿƵġ
ڤħЦ򷨲֣ҳȰǼˣȻѪϴ½
鶼ôңССһſڽ񻷼ͬʱž´ȵס񻷣ħͷסٴ򣡡
СҲ֪ڵսѾԶԶǿԲֵˣֻнþ¶óпٴѹסڤħ
²ΪηҰһ֮лʱҲʣֱӽӹ񻷣ȫ˳
񻵣ϵԴħܡ
ھֲ쳣·ԽƬضסһ㡣


493 ħ
ӭ绯Ϊǧ˲䴩գڤħ˫ֵ֮ϡ
񻷸ƶһģھܹӳܸʢ
ڤħȫʢʱڣվþȥµҲ޷
ֻڤħʵ̫ˣ޷㿪񻵵ķһӾͱס˫
סڤħ˫֮ڤħܵبħʧȥԴȪƵģٱ
䣡
ƶһͨңŽƵӲĽبħûɢС
ڤħĲѪòѳ˫֣һ񼼣ֱӾͱס˫֡
˵»޷ס̫ãҪѿ治һ׵顣
˵ڤħ;뵽˽֮У˫޷κζԷȴ˭Ҳ˺
һ˵סڤħѵ˫֣ڿǴϷ磬ֻǳȥĻҲֲ̫ãڤħѿ
ʱΪľɾûܹסڤħˡ
ǰ״̬ĺ˪Ӱ񶦵ĹӦøʢǰú˪Ӱħͷѩܷܷ˪Ӱµ˪ƣնʼѿ
ѩҲв˳ȥн֯âȵǰ״̬в룬ϣ԰ǰ

µж¶һĨ𾪵ɫȻûϵҰϻ˶
˪Ӱв붼ɵԼǰҡҡͷһû취ͬʱôסħͷ˫֣Ҳһ𹥻ɣʱƲħͷķĥϵħˣ
ѩܷܷҲ˹ħסˣΪĿ϶ǳأƶԵУѾٶˡ
뵽ѩܷܷ˶ʼڤħٴη˹
ڤħĴ󲿷־ҲϾ˼ѩܷܷ˵Ĺ
ѩܷܷ˪Ӱڤħ˫۸ش󣬱Ϣ˪Ƹ֣Ƭħ
ҰҲžһڤħϵħ
ѩв·裬һбԴ֮ħָߴƬħ
С³˫īʥͫúڤʥǹڤħ˹ĥڤħħ
ħڤħ֮ԴҰĵħȻޣҲڤħ˥һЩ
ֻǸĻǾ¡
һ߶סڤħһ߶ƶשڤħ
˭Ҳû뵽ʥ͸սȻͷĵƦƵģ񶦵שã˿ûʥӦеֳķɡ
顭
ƶڤħϣڤħ˫۵ĹͷӶ˳Ĺϲµķģ뷽ҰõЩơ
ڤħֻܷŭȴ޷ѳ
ﬣ
һһɫľ޴βʹħгܷɨ˪Ӱвȫɨ˳ȥ
ţɫľ޴β;һĴ֮ϣҪ񻷸ɳȥ
һֳָ񻷣ϮɫβҲڰС
סңҿסãڤħŭХӿ޾嫵Ũħȫš
ﬡ
һڤħϴƬľŲС綼ѿռѷ죬ʱ̮ܳ
ҪˣڤħϲĴ𣬴ħ̽һħǵ˶ͷ­ͷ­Ҳ˺ڷֻȴϸܵƬ͸һаĿ
ڤħҡͷԣϰĴħ˳
Ұ˵ɫǳѿۼڤħҪħгͷеһ
ħ˭ܹ
㻹ǹȥɣЦŸ߾ƶȻڤħԴϣٴνڤħ뵽ħ֮С
Ұ˶ĿɿڴڤħôŵĳðԴֱҽħ֮УǶһŵĸо
ʱصĵħзӡѾҪĥˣҪٴηӡҲҪ벽ܹʱ򣬴סǼҪɢҹˣǹͬ˪ӰܵشҲģ
Ҳ˹ǸԶõıȻǸ޷ӳȫһܹӳŻ
ս飬ⲢǵһΣҰ֮ͥлս̫ħķ
ԼڤħҲûκôƴشڤħ
ûֹҳڤħŭХһٴδħ˳ͷħмתħ⣬ƶײ
ڤħĴħг˳һ׵˸űĹ󣬻̺ŷŭ⡣
ʥֻͣϰĴڣһͷͿ
ֻӡʮ꣬һʣ޼űϰĴѹŴѾ⣬һҪѪϴ½
ҲҪУµһٴλӰڤħͷϵħסи񻷸ڤħĲϣڤħڳС
ٴξƶҰĳڤħݺݵš
顭
ƶڤħϣһƵ죬ƬĽѪ쭡
ʱ򣬷ҰСڡѩܷܷѩīԼͫ˶ȫΪ뵽˺˪Ӱ֮УѩҲв룬ȫ˪Ӱơ
˪Ӱתۼһ񽣣ڵ˪Ʊ鲼նѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬һնڤħѾƲϡ
â˸һƬɫѪҺͬʱŴƬƬ䣬ѹ춼һζѡ
һ˪ӰȻ˵ڤħ˾񣬹ĸˡ
â£ݺᣬҡΣҰһžڤħһ˺ۡ
ڤħһ飬һʣ޼ϵǹѹҲѹķҰ޷ֻܽ˪Ӱ
⻹Ϊ¶סڤħԵʣȻĻǶҲԶڤħ̫Ӱ졣
ڷҰµɱ£ڤħϵ˺ԽԽ࣬ڤħеɱԽԽʢȫš
ڤħԽԽ˫ĿһɫȫħȻأ۵һһ̺ŴϢħѪƱǡ
ﬣ
һڤħȫħг˳˸ħ⣬ֱӽ񻷵ķƿħ졣
ڤħƷ


494 ǿ׷ɱ
ڤħԼɣͷ״ħǣϸܵɫƬܷŨħվһƵģ͸һΨҶħ
ϸȥͿԼڤħϵĴ󲿷ƬѾ䣬ѪģŲĵطȻžŲʵ˸ʹЩ˿ϡ
ڤħϵЩ˿ڣҰΪǿ˵ڤħ
ڤħȻСǰµķӡЩ֮ȴӡڤħˣЩ֮ѹסڤħʢѪҰ˸޷ڤħκ˺
ڷҰ˶ɲʱڤħȻɫһףſѪϵħҲ
ڤħ񻹴ﲻʥ;磬ѹŴôãܹӳˡ
ǿͻƷӡܵ˴֮ˣֱ˼㡣
¡¡
ڤħƷ⣬гƬƬıһ׵Ĵѷ콫طѳɿƬҲӵϢƵħС綼ʼ
Ҫ˶ãħСҪ׻Ϊɻң
ڤħˣ𶯣쳣ĺƴֻڤħȴǰδеǱ
ڤħȻСǰµķӡҲѾ쵽;ƿݵĵز
ڤħɱȻŷҰˣ󲿷ֵע˾µϣϵħŨˮɷ
ЩϾȻңҲҪɱǣҪѪϴ½½ʮģڤħɭȻܿʼֳָµĴģڱЩľǿӶ˹
ڤħոնطӶͲܿƵѪһĨʵɫ
Ұ˵Ŀⶼ£ڤħķӦѾ˳ڤħɸ伺ʱܵˣȻ;ƿݵĵز
ȻҲڤħ״̬һͷɫ޷裬˫ƵڤħЦƾڵ״̬ҲѪϴ½Σҽ񣡡
»δ䣬ŵƶϾͷɳһȼķˣһڤħɱ˹ȥ
ڤħһӣгһصĴģͷķǰ档
䣡
һƴĺǸصĴļƬ̾ʧڱѵУͷȻҲЩȴȻ׺ײڤħϡ
ڤħһҵĲħ˺ٴαŽһħѪƬ䡣
ڤħŭӿڵ״̬ȷʵѾ;ƿݵľ磬ϻд֮ˣԵֿסµĹ
ֻʹ˷ŹҰˣδЩġ
ڤħǿͻƷӡѾҪѹƲסϵĴ֮ˣһЩ񼼶޷óʱҪնɱµˣͲʵ
ڤħĿСڵϣ֪СھǷӡǼһתɱĲǱˣСڡ
飬ʮ֮꣬Ҳˣ֮գ֮ʱڤħĿͱ˵СڣеɱΡ
ڤħСս飬ͱʾѾ⡣
ħĴµ򶼷УȦһ㣬ÿʮһΡ
ƽʱֻڳʥܹ֮ͻ뵽ǿ֮С
ȻҲһЩسؿͨǿ֮У콾صĹ·ͿͨǿգЩҲࡣ
ħµһ˵Ҳıɡʱ䲻ĻħҲԽ뵽֮СңħΪԽǿʿҲԽ
ΨһЩħԵɺϽ뵽֮У³ʥ֮ʱٵǸħʥ뵽֮еģ̫ħҲֻܻһƷ뵽֮С
ܹ뵽еħҲֻħʥǿߣֻھ³ʥʱֹһΡħ󲿷ֶģĶټ
ڤħ뿪֮Ҫ֮оͲǶʱڿõˡ
ҪºСڵ˶ˣȻ½飬Ȼٻع鵽ħ֮Уϧڵ״̬Ҳ̫ˣо˭Ҳɱ
飿˵ҵǰ𣿼ȻǰԷӡ㣬ҽͿն㣡̤Ҿͻ޻أСȻСè̬̱ʯĴ۾˸âĻӦڤħ
Ұ¶һ˿Źֵɫû뵽Сڵǰзôɧ֡
飬Сڣһ֪ĸָ߶˴Ұ΢΢ЩգҲоԼСȡĲզء
ҲڤħҪߵ˼ٴν񻷼˳ȥ񻷴գٵڤħĸ
򣬵һɱľ㣡ڤħһֽ̧˺ѿһ޴ѷ죬񻷵֮ǰû˽ȥ
ڤħһ飬ڵⳬ󣬾˼㣬ƿĴӡҲ
ڤħ񼼶޷ãҪѪϴ½ͨҲףȻ뿪ˮľ˺ӡˡ
ߣûôףһһƶһ񻵣ڤħ׷ȥ
һոս׵ʥȥ׷ɱһ飬Ұ˶ǰ˸ʥ׷ɱ飬ǿ϶ţȷʵеֵĲ˼顣
һ˲䣬Ұ͸оԼƶѾ޾գľӦޣѲ֪Խ˶ôңԶĵط
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ڤħȥħС翪ʼѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬ķѣҽӿɽĩҲˡ
СҪ̮ˣ뿪˵Ұһִһռͨһ𣬳ٸ˹ȥ
ʱҰٴħɽ֮Уպ󷽴ƴĺħɽžһζ𵴳һɼƣԶ
ҰףħС磬ʧˡ
ǸСܹ֮õԭСڵǰµǴӡڤħƷ⣬СµЩӡҲʧ־˾ڤħĴսѳܲסˣʱȫˡ
ҰһۣĿжЩҵɫΪǴӷħС˳Ϊڤħߡ
ٻ˾£ڤħ֮󲻻ô½ҪѪɺӡ
Ǿ³ˣҲֻյĽڤħ򣬾ڤħĵʣ޼ҲնϾ֮ľ̫ˡ
һֱڤħѹڷҰͷʯͷڤħȥҰ˿
һ͸еһѸдڻһֻĸо
ҰЦ£̫ǿˣڤħʣµΪȫʢʱڵ֮һҲԶԶǿԿģо³֣ǼҲȫܵˡ


495 ط
Ұˣѩܷܷ˿ȥÿ϶˲ʣֻÿ˵ɫһֺε˷ܡ
飬֮ҲվڽĴڣֻĴڣ˴ӸճͿʼ飬Ѿӡ˵ĵס
ڽ죬ǾȻˣһˣ붼˼
Ҫǣڤħߣ½вʧˣже˲١
Ϊ˼ת䣬Ϊۿ˾¶սһĻҰһ˵ΪøӾһЩڵҲˡ
ҰﵹǻЩеźҲ֪ǲΪڷħСеԵʣǴսôҲδ飬÷Ұʧ
ĵԸڤħֲֻķȴܹƵ˵ġ
ĵԸڤħǷҰһ취ҪǾ¶סʱ򣬷Ұʹ㽫ڤħ뵽½֮дսĵڤħ
Ұ뷨Ҳδˣﻹһֹ˼ɡ
Ͼڤħһ飬Ϊڣļʶڣһҳƽ֮ҪˣʱڤħָĽ죡
ʱѹĵ׷ӵͷҰ̧һŻָΪĵҩ͵
Ҳ˼أһŻָΪĵҩٻָΪ
׷ɱڤħ֪ȥҰҲټħɽͣȵҩϵΪָɵʱ򣬾ͳŻɽȥ
׷ɱڤħ뵽֮⣬Ӧǿ֮ˣ˭Ҳ׻òŻ
ǸʥͣҰǲľҲǣҲûиʲôָž»ֱ֮ϻɽġ
ŷҰƶСڵ񻵣Ϊս񶦺񻷶ΪУҰҲ˵֡
Ұ£Ψһĵľǻ飬ƶڤħɽ룬״̬ҲǳãѾû취ԸڤħҰ治ûȥðա
ӷҰɱɷʼɷţ׷ĵˣɱ˷ħûô
Ұٴηصɽʱ˿ǽһЩ
뵽ɷҰɵð⣬նɱĽǵɷ֮еЩɷӺֲˣûʱ˼
ɷǧ꣬Ҫɷ׳ȥҲô׾ͿģҰǵɷԷӵܶ֡
ҰĿתƵѩϣżɽѯʵѩ뿪֮ɷֲûڣǷӵûгʲô飿
Ұѯʣѩתĵ뿪֮ɷЩֱֲӱ츮ͷ׸˸ˣרɽˣõĶһ룬ƴǶƴǲ
˵ѩ΢΢üͷֻּɷȻˣ½Ȼвɷʿ֪ɷвڰжҷҳˡҷӵҲвܵϮɱѾĸ
ҰɫÿѩæЩɷҲǵ˸ɱˣڰ츮ͷ׸İնɱ˲صɷӣھ㻹ɷţҲĿŵĶǷҵ˶ˡ
Ұü˼Ƭ̣Ȼ峤ϵô˵
ѩ΢΢£ȻҪɷ˾ҳɱˣǼŷơǳȥɨ˼Σصϡǻ˵ɷڣҲüӵʱ̱־裬Ҳδȫǻ¡
ҰŨü΢ΪȻĵ˵ͷǵ뷨ǸԼ뷨ıϡ
ڷҵԴһЩȲϣȱʵս飬ٸߣʱҲΣա
ҪеĶȫԼģǾͱҪսС
ҰǴӴսһģߵʱ͸ֻɽĴСսʤˣߵز
֣СһˣҰԼıͽܣСһҲˣʦĻûô
ҰС֣ѩܷܷ˵ɫЩŹ֡
ҰɻĵôˣСǲ鷳ˣ
ѩܷܷǳЦ£ţĵСһ츳죬࣬ѾʼŲٿع֮ˣڸֹ֮ϤСһһȣЩ콾ӾͿ鶹ײˡ
Ұ˫Ŀй⻪Ҳû뵽С֣ô졣
΢˼£Ұ΢΢üͷ仹̫СˣڵޣھͿʼѧϰ̫ĶΣԺĳɾҲޡˣһۿ˵ɡ
Ұصң׵˶ӭ˳вٷӵܶڻɽţˮƽԶȷҰմ콾лʱҪһأЩ֮в˶뵽ʦ硣
ڻɽһ棬ȫռˣΪԳͨ졣
Ұ׷ɱ壬ԳͨȻĺɽѾƻˣԳͨӷҰԸźӺ˻ɽŷ˽š
ҰԳͨҲµĴսݼҰ
ҰЦԳͨǴк˳˵ºƵ飬ЩƺƵĲϴƿռȡ˳Գͨ졣
ƶȻ´ˣƿռ仹ڣֻҪһͷͿȡ
ҰЩ²⣬ƿռ䲢ƶйأӦûƵӡйء
ܹ֪ƿռǴ򲻿ģȥƶҲ򲻿
Ȼ⣬Ǽһıƶƿռ͸ĺ԰Ƶģ˵û͵ҩ
ԳͨôƵĲ϶ǺüǧݵҩҲܷҰǴģ˷ܵĴ
ʱԳͨҲ˲᷽ҰˣĴսͷصԼĵ̣żӺȥˡ
˵ڤħ±˵ʱ򣬶˿ڼ֮ڣڤħٴν٣Ƕ˲ٵķչʱ䡣
ҰŪôԴԴѾȱˣΨȱʱ䣬ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ĿԳԽҴһ
˭Ҳ˭߹ֻҪͬǷҲκ
ҰǸҸսϢĿɿڴǿϵĴڣû˿˵顣
Ұ˶˿ˣ˵Ǹ飬Ҳ㹻Ǿȵˡ
ŷҰͷѩгԺԼĶŮѾɳľ磬ȫûġ
Ұ˺һ󣬾ֱ˻ɽµǸС֮С
ԶԶͿС֣ʥҩϹȻʲôĶƼ両ֳһ֮
СһȻڴĦ֮


496 ·
֣ǻ壬ͣѾֳ˼츳Ѿʼ֮ˡ
ҰϸĿС֣ıȻ¶˿˿𾪣Сһڹ֮ĻͣشȻȻݻƵġ
ҰаԸе죬С֣ͣеĸ黹ûôųԣ˼Ҳס
ҰĴС֣ʱȲŸϴ裬״ûȻȥع֮
ڿС֣֮󣬷Ұָıˡ
屾ó˵ʽǿаŵС֣ϣС֣зʽҲûҪһ
Դÿ˵һС֣볣˲֮ͬ·ҲûҪһ
ǸӦ˷Ұ˵ĵС֣ľ˹ҰʱһԺ¶ϲɫſڷһ۵ʦ
ҰЦС֣ߣС֣СԴЦСһˣ
С֣ĵҸоÿ춼б仯ڸع֮оͦġ
ҰһСһ̫ˣֻǾúعֱ֮顣
ҰЦŵ˵ͷʱһСУָС
СһǳĸˣҰȻʦ̵ʱ䲢࣬󲿷ʱ䶼棬·Ұ˵һʱ䣬СһȻܿġ
Ұ̫廪Ĳϸ峤ףȰԼܷŪһڽһʱУҰʹСС
˵С֣Ѿڸˣ仹̫Сˣණ⣬ҰΪ
С֣ĵǳĲӣҰΪһ߻ħȻС֣ѭ򽥽ĸС֣ʵ
֮⣬Ұ̵С֣һЩĶ
Ұ̵С֣ѧϰ֣еĳʶԶϸҩ̸еĸɫ£̵Сһ˵ĵ
ҰûиС֣ԼʵԺĳɾͲŻߡ
ҰŽƵӡ̸С֣ϧƵӡͲԻ䣬㶯þӡ޷ֱӡС֣ԺС
˼֮ȫûа취ԻҰоӦøƶйأҲֻա
ҰС֣ģʲôɱ˵似϶ǿΪطЩʵط
С֣ȻѾڸˣҲڴĽ׶Σȵѧϰ似Ϳɺ
С֣ΪЩ⣬ȫͨڸ֮ΪѾﵽ硣
ֻСֻ֣ͣ廹ûʼҲ̫Ӱ췢Ұδ̫ǿȵѵ
ʱС֣Ϊûôĸȴüʵܹ࣬ǱҲ
ڽ̵С֣֮࣬Ұһϸоһ
似񼼵ķ룬Ұоһµʱ䣬ŻһԼķֻΪȴֻʦ硣
Ҫȫһһ壬ҪһʱϤС
뵽ħӡĿ֮ҰԼʶ֮һ飬ʶħӡеħԳĥŶ˿
ħӡҪҰɲ´Ρ
ֽ뵽ħӡ֮УʹħӡøǿֱӶóΣ
ֻǣħӡĻΪȴǳħӡеǹЧԣҪٲϵƲС
ҰϤ̫̫ĺϤ˸ոյõıڤϤȵȡ
׷ɱڤħȥһ£û˿ϢǷҰԸӦ޵Ϣ͵ȵļˡ
ܹӦϢҰҲ˵ǣڤħһ飬ҰҲž¿ɱ
ʥ񣬴ӹ񻹴δ˵
һգҰоʥӡӡǵ컯еҰҲһջ
ʱҰӦϢڿٴգԼɿĸ˹
Ұˢһ˫ֱۣӴһƬСг˳ȥѩܷܷҲӱչоѣڷҰ˳
Ұɽɽʱ򣬾ͼԶо
ʱľ΢ЩǱɫңϵ·ദѿϵϢɢҲΨ˫һĹ䡣
ҰظӦϢڴϣֻǻϢޣӦѾ뵽˳˯֮У÷Ұһۡ
ǰҰ򿪴ӭ˹ȥѩܷܷҲ˳
³ŷҰ˵ͷЩȵŴ˴Ļɽ󣬲ĵǿ󷨣ȫʢʱڣҪƳ󷨣ҲҪѺܴһֽţ⻤ɽǳ
ҰЦŽɽ򵥽£½ɽС
ҡҡͷ׷ɱħͷٸһЩص˺ۣջǱˡһսܹʱҪӿˣʱõˡҾͲˣﻹǣܹõü˿죬ԺһҪػ򡣡
δ䣬ֽ̧ƶ񻷵˹ȥŷҰΪ˶ԸǸħͷҷ֮£Ƿ黹ꡣ鷳ʱȻϰ취ҡ
ҰȲ̽»״ֻ̬ȻѾ뵽˳˯֮Уа̾һ֪͸֧̫ˡ
Ȼ󣬷Ұžµǰ½Ĳأ½飬鲻ν󣬾ǰǷҵ飬Ҳǻˡ
²ںİ˰֣˺û˽ȥңңһЦ׷ɱ黹ˬҵľвСͻƣһֺ£Ұô˵ˣ


497 Ѱҩ
µԸЩ°Ұûô˹ȻԼҲһˣ˿ϵƣЦûô⣬Ȼⳤսǳ⡣
ֻǸո̤ʥ;ļһȴ׷ɱڤħٸ֮пҲһˣε׷ɱҲԹӰ졣
׷ɱ飬ɲһ˸ôġ
ѹģ²鶯ˣһһ˺ۣҲԺˡ
ߺ󣬷Ұķ
С֣Ѿң˺һѪʱ䣬ꡣ
ʦڸˣежΪ
ҪĻС֣ΪѾΪֻǻδ죬ΪҲ޷ͨδɳ巢ӳ
̫СʱУ˵Уֻ̫еĻڶʱڻкܿĽȴ谭Ժ֮·ʮͲе͡
ҰھС֣ڴȵ͵ˣǵķĽˣܹС
뵱ҰһμѩܷܷʱѩֻܷܷʮͣҲŽʦ硣
ѩ飬һĴ˵֮ҲҰ
еͲʱ򣬾ѩҲֻǵǱΪǴ¼ʵĻȵǵʹﵽʱ򣬲ſСȵеʱ򣬾Ϳһǧе¾硣
ҰС֣Ľ̵Ҳġ
С֣ѾԲٿع֮ǻδ죬巢ҲδȫȴûС
Ҳû˳ԹСͽ̵ЩУϧСͿʼӴеЩνյĳɾͶޣд󲿷ȫںû˸ôѵˡ
С֣Ѿ죬ǷҰС֣ߣС֣ԼҲȫԼȥ
壬׽ǧֱ׷ǧıԴԼҰЩڴ֪С֣ܹߵʲôز
һ÷ҰеϲԳͨѾһĺƣڷҰṩݶǧϵݣĺѾﵽǧƵļ
ʮڵĺƾͿɶж棬ǧƣǾҲᶯġ
žɫеЩԽԽã˵بźƣ
ºͣԸʶҲκεĸãЩƶǷҽķչĵڡ
ηҰṩݵҲܳ㣬ܹʢ˰ӣԼн
뵱ҰɽеõҲֻаȴһ˽ҽķչкܴһҪЩˡ
ҰԳͨȡǧƸһ壬ԼȡǧƣʣµľͷһСУΪҽķչ
ЩȻв٣Ҳ޾Ҳ÷˶ͨˮȣֻһЩʼõĵӻ߶Էй׵ĵӲŻֵãԱַҵĻ
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ΪȪԵʣڵĻɽһƬʥأѾǻ鲼ĵطĴ滨ʢͨľĸïʢ
ҵӵеٶȶõ˼ճЩСһԣĵطϴҲϢĸš
ֳеĽܳӵܲкܴһԭΪϳǿߣѪŴȵڴĸӦȳ˸򵥡
ⷽ棬һ޷ĴȣֻҪǵԴ㹻ӵм׿֮ΪҲֻʱ⡣
ʱ֮УҰϵѾͻƵʦڣĸҲͻƵʦ磬˻ٶͻƣҵʵȲš
ԳͨҲͻƵ磬Ұõսì͸Գͨ죬Գͨ켤ֵıʾػҡ
ڤħߣС֣в죬Ҳһǿ
ھȥ֮󣬷Ұѯ˷׹ռЩҩĵ⣬̫廪Ĳ̫󣬷׷ҵҲռҩġ
̫廪ҪʮҩģҲϡٵĶе˿ݡ໨Ҷ໨ҩҩк֮
ҩģʮҩҩ
ռҩȫЩҩģҰҲûָҿռ̫࣬ռҩѾǳˡ
̫廪̫󣬷Ұֹһεѯ챦̻ᣬϧ챦̻ᶼû̫廪콾ǿ̫廪Ҳ콾رϳ۵ˡ
Ҫõ̫廪СϷɵĴ֮ˣҰܽϣȫڿ̫廪棬ռϡ
Ҫ̫廪ĻòҰҲҪ
ֻƷɵвҪ̫廪ĸ̫СˣҰò׼
˷ռҩ֮⣬Ұھɫлҵҩģ챦̻ռ˾ҩģֻһ໨ҩĶǸҩ
ҰŽõʮҩģ̫廪Ĳϵһ붼ҩֻռһ֣̫廪ĲϿɲ򵥡
⻹챦̻½еģڴ½еҩģǶʱڿõģǷϢҲҪµʱˡ
ҰҲ챦ֲ̻һЩϢҪҩе˿ݣĴ½֮е챦̻³Ƿֲǡһֻ꣬רһƯ챦̻Ҳӳɱ̫ߡ
Ұ챦̻ţȥĴ½ȥȡҺʶеĲħɽҲĴ½֮УĴ½ǱҪһˡ
ҪΪ˸СˣҰûдȥѩܷܷСУ򷽼ңС뿪ˡ
Ұ֪޸ɽǸۿھͨĴ½Ұ뿪ɽ֮󣬾ֱű˹ȥ
㷽Ұ֪½ΪǴ֮صԭҲûа취ֲ֮Ҫǽ뵽ĵ֮ҪҲҪ̵ʱ䡣
ҰûжԼΪȫ·ץһͷ񣬳ű˹ȥ
ٶҲҰδȫٷУڵͿշ裬ӴľٵѰ·;еɽ֣ϣԷһЩ̫廪Ҫҩġ
֪ǲ½ϡٵԵʣݵҩĶ˵̫廪ĵҩˡ
죬ҰһҪҩݶûǧҩһ꣬
Ұо̫˷ʱˣֱȫٷУ·;еĸͣٽҩпǷԼҪҩġ


498 
񣬷Ұٶȼ죬ܿʹԽ˵˶ɽңңһ޴ĳС
Ρĳǽӣʵ¥ֺ꣬ԵַǷ
ڸʵ¥ϣɷĿšΡӵĴ֣͸һɻơ
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ҰУ챦̻˲ֺƣҲ˵˷ħϢ˺Сڵ
ٴλصУҰеҲЩ
˴Ϊ˸СѰ̫廪϶ֱӽƲ㣬γǿ˹ȥ
ŷҰĿظܵγдһѹ
ҰÿеĸнΪϹŴڳµĳǿ󷨣޵ġ
֮䶼̣һֱûͣЪ󲿷ֵʱలµġ
ֻ屾żǿҵ׺ԣЩбΪǿÿһʱͻԳɽۼط𹥻ӶΪʳ
ҲвԷ˶ȥɱޣҲǳ˿Եʦ
ײеһɽ֮УһЩΪߵ޻ϮׯЩΪǿ޶ѰಢȤȴȤ
ΪΪԽߵ̷֮࣬ΪҲԽ졣
ǿ޶Լĵֻ̣Ҫ뵽ǵĵ̣ǺٻĳǳأЩͼ޻ṥСɽС
ȻЩǿżҲȥСɽ磬Щ쭵ʱ򣬼ȮҲпܡ
޵սҲɽ֮Уֻ೹ŭ޵ʱǿ޲ŻۼĳС
ʷϻйֹһǵ¼Ϊе󷨶ǳ꿪ģȻؼΰҲҪʲôʯԸʲôӰ졣
ʱѾγĵطȻҰӲɽȴûô
Щ󷨱Ͼǰػ󷨣һҰͣǰƻˣγǾ൱ֱӱ¶޿ˡ
ҰôֱӽƲ㣬γ⡣
̬쳣ͣ˫չҲʮɴСϽȡ
Ұոմӿ£ЩڽγǵǶɵŷҰ˹һĿ˸ŻĽ򼵶ʵĹ
ǶѾϳһĴȴﶼڰԲ²
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˭ܹӵȻиֻǲ֪ĸ
½Ƿ׸󡢰츮Լɽķңҿпеһ
׸Ͱ츮˵ķ϶ɵı־ȴûκεı־Ӧò
ѵڷ𣿡
˵ڷңҸоǲˡλȻǿƵɷȴܵ͵ɷĵ̴󲿷ֶ츮ͷ׸˹ȥΨýļл鵽˷ҡҵľӢӵȴδ֣ЩоӪҲֻһЩ츳ӵܡǸӦòҾӦġ
ͬѵĿӦԦիڵˣͲҲΨѱΪŲŻĴӵ

Χ˵̸ۣҰаԵ˵ͷҵĵ͵Ƿǳͬġ
˵׸Ͱ츮ɷ̵飬Ұ֮Աǣ»ǷҰҪ󲿷ɷ̶óȥġ
Ϊ١׹ԵʣǷҰΪٴĵ̣ûʵ粻Լġ
Ұͳ񵱳ֵܣǲҪĵ̣Ȼøλֵܱˡ
ʵշҰԼ˼ķռɽ㹻ˣҪ÷ҷɽˡ
ڵĻɽѾ׻һƬʥأڶԴٶȱҪöࡣ
ңһзѩѩܷܷڶǿػÿһʱͻڻɽΪ˽󣬼ֱϵ콾ˡ
ҪܶԵо飬ɽ޵Ҳʤ㹻ˡ
ôõԴúöȥռ̣Ǿ᱾ĩˡ
Ұڵƿķǳ̶󣬵ȵħ彵٣û㹻ʵٴĵҲزס
ǼеʵˣҪ̷չҲֻһ仰⣬Ϊ㹻Ļռһ½Ҳû˸˵ʲô
ڷҲȱԴҪ汼ӪֻҪϵʵˡ
ϧÿ˶еţһЩûʲôչĵӣҪӪˡ
뵽γУҰԼ˼
ǧѩӣֻҪһţͿҲһ˰
ףļƷһ¾ͿԳΪƷҪĸϽ
ƷָļƷҩⵤҩ൱ڶһͼ۳˰ȵȵã

̯ϵĽ˷вϻѪɷǸմɱ޻ġ
ҰͷųӴľڶĶҩĵ̯λ˸ҡҡͷ
̫廪ҩģͶǧҩҩģЩ̯ûС
ҰŲһҲСҩĵ֮Уɨ£ͼ곤ɫҶݣһλ߹ŮҪˡ
ǸŮһ΢Ц͹٣ÿʮ׾ȷҪ𣿡
Ůע⵽ˣҰȻ󣬵ȴ͸һɳʣ۸񶼲ʾֱ˵Ҫˣ˾ǸǮ
ңŮѾע⵽ˣ뵽ǵſڶһߴ͵ԾǸġ
ִΪˣǸһǧҩܹõٺôϹŵ˵Цݣ´˲ˡ
ʮ׾һ꣬г΢һЩݱһǧҩҲҪһЩҪļ۸ߣҲ߲ȥ
Щǧҩļ۸񣬷Ұǲ⣬ҪĶֻҪ۸̫ףԽܡ
˴۸Ұ˵ͷЦ۸ùɣ
Ůɫϲæã͹٣Եȣ͸ã
ǧҩǵ֮ʽ±˳ȥѾϰڶĵͷˡ
ŮܿͽװľаװˣݸҰ͹٣úˣ


499 ż
Ұ˳ֽ챦̻龧˹ȥǺھǸŮɵô£æ͹Եȣ
ŮתͷͼǸԷֵϰڵһ´վ첽ҰֱŮԸСƣ裡
ھ˵챦̻ߵȼ龧½֮жû˵˭й
ڿھǸسͼʱϰ֪ſʵġ
챦̻ͼû˭ģ³Ҳû˸ȥģ¡
Ұںİ˰֣ˣϽװɣһ¡
ǸԷֵϰŮнӹھһ߿ٵĽŽףһЦĵ͹٣֮ͺҵϰ壬¥ϻǧݣãǷȥ
ˣҰɫȻİ˰֡
ÿҩĵжи󷨣һΪ˷ֹҩʧ̫죬Ϊ˷ֹöһЩǿߵǣֻڿۿ֪Ǻҩ
磬һЩ̾ҩҲֱӰڷڴ֮УΨһЩĹ͵ʱŻó
Щ󷨶ԷҰûκӰ죬һ۾Ϳ¥вûԼҪҩġ
ҰľܾǸ΢ֵϰ΢΢ЩʧȴҲû˵ʲôȻЦΪҰ˽ףھٴεݸ˷Ұ
ҰӹھҪʹȥԱиŮĺվסߣ
Ұͷһ£ͼһŮһϢɢҵꡣ
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ŮĻ˵ĿⶼתƵǸϡ
ԭҩĵġСֹг˱ġ
ʱ򣬴ҩ߳ߴ󺺣˶ſڣһ׺Ǹ꣬һߵѣҪҩ˵ط
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Űٰ׾ǸŮܸɴ˵˳
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Ұ˫Ŀ¶һ˿ɫ÷˵巽λ
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ո˵꣬ҩĵЩ˾ͼļʧˣһͬʧĻǸ
оϴһХķʶı˫ۣʱ򣬾ͿѾγǣվһͷıϣƲд


500 ּ÷
ķг𾪣û뵽гһտվϷ裬ڷҰӿ͸ˡ
ﻹڰ𾪣ҰǷҰҰǶ츳ǿģû뵽żû޶ˡ
֪ɷǷҰģ治֪ô롣
ȻҲ˵ɷһշĺ˸ˣɴӸҰϵһ𣬵ڣǽΪҰֻǸʿΪҰǻԵɺ֮²ŵõͷ
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Ұĵ·ץ˸
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Сӹƿ˫ĿȻƷҩ
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ƷҩǿǼֵϰ׾ĵҩûҰô˳еƵġ
Ǭ󻹵ڷҰҲ㲻ʲôĵҩҲЩϵģʱĶˣֱӾͰǬ󻹵óˡ
˵ˣǬ󻹵ɱСҪǿ̫ˣֻҪ£ҪƬ̾ͿԳȬҲκκ֢
ҰС˵ͷǵģŵҩܿͻָȳ˰ɣ
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Ұ΢΢£ӿһɸж
С˵ɣϵҲᣬǲʱƵĻȻӰ쵽ԺΪ
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Ϊ˱ΣҰæתͷȥȻڵ֪ɽСѯʵСڣɽôˣ
Сգ۾ϴˡ
Сܹ˵Ҷ÷СһԿ˵޿ɲ࣬дͨʲô
ţֱС˵Ļ׵ˣɽˣ˵ˣСһʲôʶû
ҰһʱûӦŵ˳ľ㣬һӾ˹ȵĵ˺ƣ
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Ҷ÷СɫָɽҲ΢΢˿
ɽҰҲַӦ˹ݺݵصСһۣȳСӣ͵ƺȣղŲƿռ˰ɣ
СԴЦϴǲţչ²š
ҰҲٸСڼƽϣתͷҶ÷Լɱ˸÷㣬˭ɵģ


501 ɱ
Ҷ÷ϵЦݽʧɫ粻˫гŭ𣬰֮󣬲̾Ϣͱˣڲ֣Ҳװ
ǵĶ̫ǿ󣬸ͲǿԵģ۵Ұ
һҪģֻڱȴЩʵԺԼ
ҰŨü΢ҲǺҶŵˣҶô֣ԷǾһҪΪһ㣬׷ʲô飿
Ұһ۾ͿҶ÷˵ΪҶ÷ڵΪѾﵽڣɽСΪҲﵽ佫Բ
ûôԴܹеڵľ磬ҲǷǳˡ
ǸСҶ÷㣬Ǹ˵ֵܰǱ𡣡
ڷҰ˵ֻعǶΪҰ˵󻰣Ҳûв
Ҷ÷˫ɨɽ⣬ǸٴתͷҰȻЩĵҰǲǽ콾ˣ
ǸСҲŵŷҰҲˣҰ˵Ҫȥ콾ģھȻﶼӵУѵѾ콾
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ڣҰҲ˹Ҷ÷˵̫ңԶˣ˵ҲԼжԸֶΣ콾˵
ȻҰԼ콾ӣҶ÷΢΢˿¶һ˿ϲɫ̾ϢȻҾ͸㣬ΪˣҲûҪǿ
Ұţеɱȴ˿δ٣ӣưոݡ
Ҷ÷˫ٴӿֳһĨŭγǸɽ޵ʱһżõһƪ׵йǸմǸżг˳ŵˣлиڵļһ˶ɱˣƴӳˣֵܶˡ
ҰʲôطȥΪǱ𣡡
Ҷ÷ϽѵҪ嶯γǵĵһţΪ͵Ķ佫ǿߣʮ˵ǵųǸʦɽЩ˽еһСӣҪ𣬻Ҫӳ顣
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İɣҰοһߵɽߣɽ˼ƣзɽڵľ
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ҰˣɽϲĴţžͿ˷Ұ
ҰЦŴкɽּˡ
ɽЦվҰ˸ܱ˵ЩʲôȻɴ˫ۣ˼ĵҵĵˣôȫˣ
ţɽרżԼȫַһϲĴУ磿ʲôʱˣ
ǵﶼѿˣȻͻ˹ȥ֮󣬲ȬһͻƵ磬һ׹еĸо
ɽҲɵϣ΢һ˹ӦþǷҰĹ͡
뵽ɽٴҰصĵͷлֵܣӦİɣɽлˣǰô֪㲻Ǽ򵥵ˡ
Ұ˰֣ѣûҪô߰ɣȥҳű𣡡
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̶ѨҲ̫߿ˣҰҡҡͷҶ÷·ִӴָóһŮ˵·ݸҶ÷
ռָҶ÷ȵѿڶ
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ҰĵŰɣⶫҵȷкܶࡣ
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Ұһָֻ̽ǴȡԼҪĶҪĶ̫ˣһ֮Ķ濴ۣЩָеĶҲûô
˸Խָ֮󣬲ˣÿָж龧ȻҰںȴûô౦
Ұɱ˻϶ʦϵǿߣǵĴָҲȥ
Ұ׵ľóôصĶǶڷҰ˵ΪǱһ£ĪĶһЩġ
Ҷ÷÷Ұ˴С뿪ɽԼһ·Ҳ뿪ɽ
Ҷ÷ǳϵʱѾľˣоԽԽ͸Ұˡ
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ҲѾˣȥȥƴģһ
ʮľ룬ܿ͵ˣҰƲ㣬˴һֻèһֻҡڵ뵽γС
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Ҷ÷ݺݵض󺺣Ȼһɫޣ˵ľҪ󺺹ȥ
󺺣ͼҰƾճ󺺵ߣһס󺺵Ĳӣһ
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502 Ѫϴ
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˵ˣǷ׸Ͱ츮ˣҲγеɱˡ
겻γɱˣһɱγǵһŵˣǶ֪γǱضƽ
ӳ
С֣ɱӳҲȲ㣡
ֵǣһϣɱ
һҪƤΪӳ𣡡

ŵȫŭĴһŭߣɫĳֱŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ۡ
Ƶ촫ֵĳŵ˵ͷ­һصĹغ«ʮͷʬĵڵϡ
Ҷ÷ɽС˶еľû뵽Ұҵɱˣһ˸ɾ䡣
ڣǶ׷ҰΪѾԶԶˣֻǷҰγɱˣҲ֪Ұ鷳ˣɲʹ˷Źǡ
һۣж˾Ұʲô鷳ƴҲҪҰߡ
ҲӣҰĿг˾η
֪ҰΪܸߣǸߵʲôزǲҰ赭дնһڵʿо
ԶֵҲǱס˲ƵģֵȺһӱðһ¶ŨŨļɵͺȻŨѪζȻڴ̼ǵ񾭡
Уǰɱ˿ħɱ˵ʱûκβ治֪Ѿɱ˶ˡ
Χ˶ĬĬĺţΨֲԼ
ڷҰǸ󺺶ֵʱγǵĻӾͿ˴˴˫ͻĵط˹
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ڴ˴ִһЩġ
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ȵҰԶǸӵĶӳԸ˴ĶԶŹ¼̫أ˶￴ֳȥκ˲ж
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Χ۵ȺڶһӻӶӳĿУѾˣγǻӶǸˣ
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ҰҶ÷˿ǰ·ϵ˶ܹظܵҰǹɰɷԶΪÿһ·
Ƭ̣Ұ˾һƻֺĸۡǰ档
ʲôˣվסŵԶԶͿ˿ٿķҰʵû뵽˸ҵǳŵܲҰȳ˳
ۣۣ
Ұֶûֱе֮˵ͷ­ն
Ұһ鳤ŵŻҶ÷ˣ˿δͣĽ뵽ֺ긮֮ۡС
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Ҷ÷Ŀлһ˿ӵɫķҰе˵İɱɱ治֪Ѿɱ˶ˣԽԽ͸ˡ
뵽ҰĹҶ÷̾һʹû˽Ұ
죬ڸۡѵȫſڣŻ٣ȫŭŷҰ˹ɱ˹
ݡ
ʸƿնδҰֱӱû˿á
һϣǣۣи˳
껰䣬Ͳŵס˲ӣĵ˴ϣ׷롣
ǺҶŴˣҲȥɱ
ͨҶţǾȻԶˣǵĵɱˣһܷŹǣ
嶯ȥų
жʱһŷҰ˹ɱ˹
Ұɫ䣬ܷɳ֮˲佫ֵ˶նɱ
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ڳŵһ̻Ի͵Ĵ֮УŵʮҪԱС
׵ĻƤ̴ľһλſʵӣϹЦݣҶŵЩһﾹȻҵ˸ĲȱǴӺҶŵõһ켶ҲǷǳˣ
һСߵվɳƵĵųȻҶ÷ȫӦûûһӦûıżٲȱӦҲֹһ켶ΪǻӦüӴȣҪõҶ÷ϵ
ſʵ΢΢˵ͷϸ˵ĶԣҲΪҶ÷ϻոѾвŴȥˣҶ÷Ҳ㲻˶ˣһҪҵ
顭
߲ȱȫʬ˴֮У˻ĺгǳڴվڵļˡ
һ˲䣬š
ܿ죬еʮȫվ׷׽Լı˳ɫŴ⣬ʱ׼ս
ڴվڵ⼸Ҳ佫ԲĴڣû뵽ȴ׵նɱˣȴûиеκ쳣˵˵ʵǿ
ʲôˣΪԵ޹ʵĴҳĵɱˣųɫŴ⣬ҪǺηʥǳĵҰ
Ҷ÷𣺡㲻Ҫ𣿲˷ˣԼˣ
Ҷ÷ĻﴫҰһ˲̤뵽˴֮С
Ҷ÷֣иаЦҶ÷㻹õжǸ缸ֺֺǣǻһ
Ұ˫һ۳ƾջ˲佫ǰ֫նϣŨѪζ
굱ҺɭȻ


503 Ѫɱ¾
׼ֵļ˶ֹͣһеȻոշҰֵ̫ˣǶûзӦ
еٶĸ֣ųʦĸ֡
Ȼ˷Ұĳ֣ȴֹ
ųȻҰֳʵеľԼҲ˵һоͷԼⷽİꡣ
תһ룬ָоΪҰ͵ϮԵʣϣΪҰĹܻôǿЧ
ңҲо̫ˣûŷҰ޹˼ɵĳ֡
ųңɱĲҺţɫ쳣
ʱԼֵԼĵ̱˿ȥ֫ȻȻԺҲƬлˡ
ųɫ쳣࣬ŷҰҵĵɱҵˣ㵨ӻ治С
ҰĮųϵıû˿ĵҵһֱͲС⵹ѡĸ鶯ĺҶţ
ųԱߵһ귴Ӧ쳣Ѹ٣ŷҰϵʱ򣬿ټŸӰ룬ҪҰ
Ұɫ쳣ƽüнһǾŸӰкȻѣ»۳һӰ룬ֱû뵽˸ղųü֮С
ųɫһʶļһԲܣҪӰǰ档
ۣ
ǸԲ֮ܵǰӰͻգٴ뵽Ǹʶ֮У굱ô
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ųɫ˼Σ֪ߵˣŷҰֵѣų˷磬ε鴿ǸᣬȻ˺Ҷţʵڲ֪ҶŸйϵԸ⽫õ׹óô˰ɡ
е˶еֵȻǲԼĻ
һγǵһŵųڱɱʱȻͷ˵ˣǸʮ꣬ôģ
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Ҷ÷ɽҲЩ˼ĸоû뵽и߸ϵų˷羹ȻͷˣԲҰӲӲӡ
ʱҶ÷Ҳ˷Ұ֮ʲôʦųĶ࣬Ҳٹ˼ˡ
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ɽȭͷգĶųҧгݵĵɱֵܣ죡
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ų˷ɫǳѿһǲԣոѾˣˣҲ˲ˣƶ˭ûôϣˣ
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貵â׽Ǳ׳նƬֺͣնǽɫԲϣֱӽɫԲʿ
δӦƥâʹһƬʬĵ˴ϣѪ˱ǣĿġ
ŵȫɫޱ䣬ԽԼǿ£ҰĿг˼ɵ
ಣಣ
ƷƿҪʹ룬δȥŲͱһε˺УƵʬա
ܿͱ޳һ㣬ǲȱʬõûŵ߰˸ɫ̿֡
ûָϾҪӣ³ҰɫĮǺ
ɱҺ÷ŵףҶ÷ȻָһİСĿߣг˺⣬һɱ⡣
ǸİСĿվ˳ȽһӼ˳Լͷ˫Ŀг˾ɫŵС椵ľϵģҶŵҲҴģҿҺΣ
͸ɡҰĮ˵˾䣬ܵĹ֮һεӿֶͿߵǸӽУͬ衣
ɫ䣬˫Ŀг˺ȻɫڸոգĸӦһɺ޾Լԭأ޷ͷԼڣҪһָ
Ҷ÷ɫվڿߵǰϵɱⲻΣ˿ûͷĹӣгͿߵͷ­ȥ
ڶԷҰǾԵΣҰԳɱˣҲ͹˲ôˣɱɱ
ۣ
ߵͷ­һ룬ɫԽźɫѪҺһأǹӸû
е˶е˼飬Ҷ÷ԼסˣҲǸڵǿߣһɱˣһֲʵĸо


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Ҷ÷նɱǸߣ˶еľһڵǿû˿ͱ˸ɵˣ붼𾪡
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Ҷ÷ųһɱƵڴһȦֶ˼꣬ų˷ǽͣһ仰Ҷԡ
ڷҰ˻ɱ¾ʱγǵĻӵǸӳѾص˳ȥˡ
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δܳᣡǸӶӳͷӦǡ
ӢӶ豭һڣĿǸӳĵɱڵʿǶʲôСֶΣһиɵʮ佫Ҳʲô¡Ҳų˷һЩˣΰһҲν
ǸӳæٴιֵܳҸойŹ֣²ôöԸģϣ˼
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ȵܳеʱ򣬾ŵһŨѪζһַǳõԤС
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ܳµģŵĲҿ֮Ҳ׳ǵһĴڣ治ס档
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ų˷ĶŷҰȻɫ䣬ľǷҰɷķҰ
ˣнȥȪɣҰһиֳâų˷ͳŵʣ¼˾ɱ
ţ׳Ϊʷ


505 Ҷ໨
γʢһʱĳţ׵ľͱˣҶ÷˶еǳĲ˼顣
Ҳ𣬵ǴûԽ
ܿ죬Ҷ÷ͷӦ˹뵽ŵų˷ղ˵ĻĿԲŷҰ˼ĵɷģ
ҰЦŵ˵ͷûҶ÷ֱӳˡ
Ҷ÷ɽС˶֣ɽݺݵ˷Ұ£Цһ½ʲôʱôˣԭ㣡ɷˣѹ㲻ѳ
СҲǳƽĵ磬ǺҶŵĳԱˣ
Ұ˰֣ҲǺҶŵģ۸ҶţȻҪǸۣ
˶ܼӣҰ˰˰֣˫Ŀкżҿû©֮㡣
˵ţҰͷų˾ŵĸۡʼųŵ쳣
Ҷ÷˶ܵ˷Ұϵɱ⣬вɵô˸﷽Ұûʲô³ҰԵϲնݳޱȡ
ڱĿķҰҶ÷ûɵĸеһİо֮ľԽԽңԶˡ
Ƭ̣ҰȻ˫ۣ˫Ŀг˾ϲɫһʧԭء
һӣҰͳں֮С
һζ޴ĵʯУһʽĻҡҷӳ˿˿Ƶϼ⣬ҩ硣
滨ڲͬɫģҶƬȴǺɫģ滨һ
滨ǺҶ໨ݣ
ҰҲŵεõ滨Ҳֻ֪֪滨ˡ
̫廪ҩıǳѰңҰҲûտڶʱѰҵ
ڣҩѾõ˲໨ͺҶ໨ݣһ˿ҲüĿֻҪĴ½ȡС
õҩҰռʮָҩģҲȫҩģĸҩҲñҩĴ棬̫廪Ĳ൱Ѿռ˴롣
ҰҲû뵽𣬻ϺҶ໨ݣ̤Ьٴȫѹ
ҰаңҿҶŵ˱ˣȻҶ໨ݻ֪ʲôʱܹҵõ
ָ½ڱȽıų˷綼ӵУȴһղؿ⣬ҰղؿҶ໨ݡ
ŵղҲǷḻڷҰоԵ̫ˣСҲⰡҰֱӽŵпض뵽һָ֮УҶ÷
ĿضԷҰûʲôãҶ÷ˣȴżãҰȡһҶ໨ݣʣµĶҶ÷
Ҷ÷֪ҰѾɲ⣬΢ƴһҲˡ
γгҰҶ÷㣬˳ţֺγҲҿ϶Ƿδ飬ȻźܴΣաǽʲô㣿
Ҷ÷˷Ұһۣ뿪ЦĵѾ·ˣĲӣȥͶ㣬㲻᲻Ҫɣ
Ұæôأһӭأ
Ұ뵽ҪǰĴ½ȥȡҩʱ޷չҶ÷ǣҪȥ½Ѱҩˣʱ޷չ˵ǣһᰲǰɽȻ˽ӴǡҰ飬Ҿͻġ
Ҷ÷ҲûֻǶԷҰôǰɽЩʡ
ҰЦ£йһһͨ鵤С
˫ĿֳϲɫҲϳŵҩͨ鵤ǿǣԡ
ֵҩǾ޴ģֵҩǰûκеֿҰһóͿʼֺ÷Ұ
Ұŵҩ˫Ŀֱ񣬳ڸһʽף㽫ǴػɽĻɽУͨ鵤ˡΪ˷ֹʲô˼һڲ½ƣڻɽ˸ˣ㿴Σ
ڰ·ץֻ񣬷Ұ޷ȫģҶ÷ȷصɽ֮У;ʲô۶ӣ˸еİ취
æĵͷĿеҰеĵҩ
Ұֽͨ鵤׸üĲһĽƣȻЦĺˣһὫڷңңԺεҲûС
ϲŷҰͷѡ
ε޵òԶȻҷҰʵҲǿֵ׷棬;ŷҰˡ
ſԶȥ񣬷ҰкСһ𣬳űȥ


506 ڶͽ
Ұ˴רΪѰ̫廪ĲϣСڳڵĴ֮ˡ
Ҷ÷Ҳ֮ϲҶ÷˰źԺ󣬷ҰͣСһ·ϡ
ԼҩĵĻ̫СˣҰص˳УÿһУҰȻὫڶҩȫ
̫廪ҪĲ̫ˣ㷽Ұ;ʮУҩĵʤħߵʱȴҲֻõĸҩġ
ΪֹҰѾ׼˴룬һ˿ݵҩָҩġ
ҰϵͷʱͷѾɽ˺
⴦ͷʿ̾Уò֡
ҰСƱʱѯ£֪Ĵ½Ĵֻδֵ죬žۼˣ﷫𺽣ʻħ
½½ıĴ½ȴ½ֻʻ֮󣬷ҰҲʶħеĵˡ
ںħеҰģʱ䣬ȫ뵽֮С
δƹƷҩ̫廪Ĳռף֮ǰҲһЩĵҩЩ顣
ƵҩĶСرƷҩ
Ұ״ƵǬ󻹵ƷҩǬ󻹵ӲıҰƳƷҩ뵳˿˿ơ
ŷҰϤֿʼĵҩƷҩ쵤ɵʱ콵𣬵ӿСϵʿܵ쳣׷״ӸԵķ˳
ףѵͻ𣿡
ͻƣҲûнƣѵʲô鱦ɣ
ҩ㣬콵𣬵ӿƷҩװ
ƷҩһҪõ
Ʒҩɲ콾֮УֵҩҲ쳣ĶҪһŶҪѼĴۡ
֪Ʒҩʱû˿Ե׷ѰŵҩԴͷ
ܿ죬ҵ˵ҩԴͷѾв˿ʼŷҰķ˹ȥ
ॣ
һӵһ߿˷ҰķţĿֱֱŷҰиոĻ쵤˿ҺɷĵСӣеĵҩ
Ǹʦڵǿߣ½ʿ󲿷ֶ佫磬ΪʿѾڶĴˡ
ңֺ½֮ľ޴ֻ棬ֻҪ𻵴ֻû˹ܣ˼ƷҩһУȻȻľҪ
Ұ˫Ŀɨӣâ˸ĵ˭Žģ
󺺱ҰǱɨһ΢侲һ£ٴιۿ·ҰΪȴ͸ҰΪ
ٴο·Ұ䣬Ͳʮӣ˿ΪҰӦǶطԼΪɲΪôͻΪҪߡ
뵽ЩɫһᣬŷҰŵĵСӣ㻹֪˭ҾݺĴ½Ļԭͣеĵҩ㲻
ʱһӰڷҰķ֮У̰ŷҰеҩóһڷҰ£ϲĵСӣеĵҩңЩʯˣ
ҰľӴޱȣѿ˰еĶֻһ׾
ҰһƬ䣬ǹһĨЦ⣬ĵŻ쵤ټֵϾɰ׾Ҳڣóһ׾ζͱóˣ
٣˵úãҲ̫ˣһ׾ҪƷҩŻ£һѮ߳ڷУŸղǸ곰Цš
ĵϹҲˮɣѾ龧ˣŵҩҵˡ
˵Ķס˷Ұĵ龧Ѿˣ򣬱Ҳ
˵Ĺ˳ڷҰķУһɫƵĶŷҰȴû˶֡
Ƕ˭ȶ֣ܵ˵ֹ˭Ҳȶ֡
ҰŴˣϲ˱ɱĮĵôҷ䣬Ҫһֻ֣
뷽Ұ˶ЦʲôЦƵġ
ڷҰķУʣµŶȥȫۿţΪҰеϧ
ȻʢȻҪЮʦǳţ»ԭЦǰ
Ұĵһֻֿߣ߿ţҪһֻţ
һ㶣ЦСӣݿɱ˶û˹ܣ֪ʲô
ʱһڷҰķ⣬ɷĳŷȵȥʲô֣
һݸĵ˵˭ô󵨣ԭķ̻˵ˡ⴬ֻȻķ̻ᣬǹȴķ̻ᶨģǲδ𻵴ֻûʲôϵɣ
ҰЩĿǸ꣬ո̤뵽磬ҲֻǸڵ˻ǲ̫
ǴֻˣҲû취ƻأʱ𵽵Ҳޣһˡ
ҲûðֻȺʾõĺ
ҰЩøУڷˣûϡ
һӳߣɫ꣬Щ˲δΥأҲò֣˰ɣ̻ھѾûˣ׵ˡ
üͷĿ峺ҰȻ⳯ŷҰ£ʵĵķ̻С죬ʦΪͽ
˲Ʒʦȴ˵ƬʦĴ½ҲҪǣû㹻ľƲƷҩƷʦΪҲ̫
ڿҰƳƷҩʱ򣬾˰ʦͷһָоʦ޷κε˷Ұ
ڶģķҰսʤˡ
Ұ¶һ˿ɫԼʦвȣ껹Ұʦ
꣬ҰҲЩ͡
С˶еǳȣô˵СҲһ̻ˣû뵽ڴ֮ͥ°ʦҶԷǸˡ
ҰһС첻ܿƵվǾϲ׷ҰʵԸһ׾١
ҰȻͽҲյģҿΪӣҾʸΪҵĵˣʽ㡣
лʦС쾪ϲ뵽֮УվڷҰ
ǸȻС죬Щ֪롣
СŷҰѯʵʦ費Ҫýæ
ҰȻãСҶƽˣʲôʸʦ
ԱϣҰһգƬռ䶼Ǳ߬Уȫɫ䣬Ҫѣȴû˿Ӧ


507 ǧ
ڣǰ˵Ŀ£ϳ˾֮ɫ
ǰ֪ˣԭҲ˲ˣġ
գ֮Ĵ
Ҳó׿ֻʱǶܵһвɵΪղŵе֡
ϧûкҩ
Ұɲǵ뷨֮ƾջȭͷصǵĵϣ׷ǵΪƵĶ˺ħС
ħ֮ǰڵľѾҰϣҲȫϣˮ֮ǰȫɥˡ
˻
Χ۵ȫһԼûðȻ֣ȻҲøһ³
ǱΪУû뵽ȴ˱ɱˣһ˸ɴࡣ
Ƕ˺ɥǰĻ꾹ȻǸĳǿߣ
Ʒҩ뷨ѸϨͷҲڷҰۿˣϽص˸Եķ֮УΨŭ˷Ұ
Сһļ΢΢˿ոҲڶģͶķҰʰʦ
ңɹˡ
²ⷽҰΪӦÿʰˣҲû뵽ҰȻ䣬һоʦιȥˡ
Ʒʦǿߣһͷζ򵥣ոյĹϾ¸û취˴Ϲϵ
ǸҲ𾪣ҲŷҰȻǸǿߣ֪ҪգҪڲУ
ڣҲòСС°ʦ˼һ治ա
Ϊﵽ磬ǸƷʦһŶĴ½
뵽ոԼС첻ҪµһĻ͸еϻġ
аңҿСԼоϣĲһԸִϹϵ
ʱҲ˼ˣŷҰʩһתͷصԼķ֮С
Ұ΢Զˡ
ҰС˵ķ̻Ϊλ뵽Ϊʦ
Сϵļ黹δɢȥȻЩƽҰʻæʦ׶ȤѾƳһƷҩˣҪʦ¡
ҰЦЦС죬ĵʦΧҵʱǲѾʲô
СæĵҶʦ˽⣬֪ƷʦҪгǿľʦ˵ǿˣҩΪȻҲҲʦսʤǣֻҲû뵽ʦô
˵С̲סվԣ޷
Ұ˵ͷĵȻѾΪҵļˣҲˣǷҰҵ˲٣ҵ˲٣֮ƽˣҪ׼𣿡
С¶ϲɫѿڵǷҰ
ţС;ϲĵСԸ׷ʦĽľʦ콾ϵһˣʥأ׷ɱڱſնÿÿ뵽Ѫȡû뵽ƷʦǶҲԸ׷ʦ
Ұ΢΢ЩȣСΪķ̻˽Ϣ治٣ԼڹʥһЩҲ֪
ҰС죬Ȼķ̻Ҳǰķ̵̻㣬ڵĶҲ⴫׷ҵĻҪķ̻ᣬȷ𣿡
С첻˼ĵҼﻹи磬֮λҲøҵģҾʦˣ֮λٻҴˡ
Ұ˵ͷҲãķ̻᳹ʱ򣬾ʽΪͽʱ򣡡
ʱĽ̸ҰҲܹоСϣ˵ӵܣҰѾСΪͽˡ
Сϲĵǣʦһȥ͸˵
Ұĵ˵ͷʼ̵С
ڸտʼʱ򣬷Ұδ̵С쵤ַʲôģȽҩġ
СԼЩĵӣֻǶҩԵ⻹ȫҰԼоҩԶһһ֪ʱóʵСԼܡ
Ұϵݶ಻ʤСԸҩĶ˼Ϊ̵ʶоҰɲ⣬ڷҰҲˡ
ϤҰСҲǳ⣬ǰĴ½Ҫȥȡ˿ݣ̫廪ڴ֮ǰҪϤԱ߿Űɡ
̫廪ƷҩʦƷʦСѿڶϲʤĵͷվڲԶ
ҰЦʱǣˣ
Сּ֪ƷʦǶôѵá
֮жûгֹƷʦƷʦûô˵ƷʦѾվĶˣڷëǰĴڣû뵽ԼһƷʦ¡
ܷҰڻǲƷʦۿҰĺôģС쵱˵վԶһգգĿš
ҰСҲԶԶģſʼ
ΪС쿴һƷҩʼƣȻǶƷҩƷҩȵȣһֱƷҩٴ콵𣬵ӿ
ϴƷҩķ粨չȥƷҩôϵ˶е־ȡ
ϴεǰ֮εû˸ȥǷҰŭɲ˭Գܵġ
ǸҲǸˣС˸ΪʦǸƷʦķ̻ҲԹӰ졣
СͿۻˣҰ־ǴƵģȴǴһ־ݻ
ҰȻΪͽˣҲֱӽһǧĵ̸
ֵʱС쵱˳һǧ⾹Ȼһǧ
ҰЩȵĵֵ
С˿ƽеļ˷ܵĵǵģһǳϵ鼮ϼйֵļأ˵Ϊֹĵɵļʺ͵ҩƷʶҪƳҪõöࡣ
С쵽ڻȻлѧϰֵ΢ͣ£ּĵ˵ʮǰǧµģǧʮǰǧҲΨһһƳת񵤵ˡ
Ұɫ΢΢ЩŹ֣Сô˵Ļ͸ǧйأļƬǸǧµġ
ڣҰȻ鵽ôֵģ˵Ǵİγֵأ
ҰԺжȻһ¶һ˿򣬾ת񵤣
ѵ˵ĳʲôתйزɣ
ҰѾмֿ϶ˣǧƳľת񵤣תûǻĳֻĸתйء


508 Ϲ
ڻҰҲֻǲ²£Ȼ޷϶
ô˵ѾתһƶΪһ壬ǰǾ
ڽʱУҰ󲿷ʱ䶼ָ֮СУСкͻͽš
ҰݶʤЩһݣҲмˣЩȴǸСֵġ
ôҩСϰһºСѾϤƳƷҩˣٶȼֱš
ҲֻзҰôƴֵóǧҩͽ֣һǧĵҪǻܳΪƷʦҲ̫ˡ
ʱ֮УĻǷҰƿռеݶ಻ʤҲû˿Ĺ˼ɣѴѵݱ˵ҩڸҩĵҲ˽ˡ
ЧƷǬ󻹵ǿͻƼʵƷԪǿ֮񵤣ֱΪ鵤ٻָΪĻ쵤ȵȡ
Ұһһɵʼǰٷ֮٣ƿռд˵ҩ
֮󶼺ЩҰȴָоľǿޱȣƺü죬ȻЩĶ˵ûʲô
ϵǶľˣÿ춼콵𣬵ӿϼưȵȡ
ǶѾϰΪˣ֪Ҵϳ˸̥ר׼˴ϣˡ
һգҰոһöͻƼʵƷϵԶĺ洫һĴЦƷϵ벻ȻƳֵҩõֵҩ˵ҾͿԳΪˣ
ͼһӺħг𣬽ǧɴСب񷣬˸žӨɫʣһ̫ħɽƵġ
Ұ΢΢ЩȣǸԲ壬û뵽ħлǿߡ
֣Ұ֪˸ס󸣬һͳڼװϡ
ٿȵŴͷķҰǿŵҩƵģ
ɲͬѰʦܹظܵҰϵѹһַǳΣյĸо뷽ҰӲӲ
Ұƽĵ˵ͷƵġ
󸣬ںԲļһɱҲֹһˣ⣬ʹʧ
󸿴˷ҰһòջǵҵĸоΣգԼĸоƵϵҺôϣܹϵңһḶӦĴ۵ġ
һ۲죬󸻹ûտʤ˷ҰȻĻͲ˵ҪˣֱӾˡ
Ұ󸣬ĵϵûҪĻͿܳʲô۸ˡ
ŷҰȻһϢֵ۵Ϣ
ϢҰ΢΢üͷ治֪ʲôϢֵϵļֵ
ϵȻֻǸƷҩҲѾ޽ӽƷҩƷҩеļƷǮ򲻵
˵һϢֵܹһŵҩ󸲢δѵĻҰĶϢȤˡ
֪Ұţ󸳯Ŵ֪Ϲ䡣
ҰйâǳɴĵֻҪ㱣֤Ϣʵԣŵҩˡ
ĿȵŷҰеϵæĵұ֤ʵҿԷģʵ׽֮£
֮˶ԻǷǳɵģ׽˵ǲΥ
󸷢ĶģҰֱӽеϵ˳ȥȴ͡
󸼤ĽӹƿŷҰںħ׵һżеõϢиǸ֮У֮ʱŲ˼仰˵ڲħɽмϹ⣬ȴԵõ˼򵥵λõͼ
˵ţ󸽫ͼ̻һУŷҰ˹
ħɽ
Ұ΢΢еЩȣ˲ħɽϵһĹǴӲħɽеõģεļϹָ˲ħɽⲻħɽҲвٵܰ
ҰһץסʵȻ֪طΪԼȥȡ
ЦȻȥȡˡħɽɲһҽ׾ȥ֮ҲϹãȴܹõģҲŻὫϢ㣬ȡϵ˵Ϲ⻹ϵʵڡ
ҰƲ죬벻ħɽʱ򶥶ҲֻڣȴҲĳˣڽ벻ħɽҰЩĵġ


509 ķ̻
˵ҰѾ˰˳ɡ
Ұֳһ˿ע뵽֮Упһ򵥵ĵͼ˸һЩƣ÷ҰҲûʲôͷֻܵȽ뵽ħɽ֮ҿˡ
ҰͷҲ͸ȥû뵽˺ħУٵǱȥˡ
ʦϵ󸣿Сȣ֪ҰƢǿȨ
ҰЦһϢֵǿϵˡ
йؼϹ飬ҰδԣСҲûжʣٴ뵽һҩȥҩȥˡ
뵽ħɽҰ뵽ħɽƣǲǻʲôͬĵطأ
˵ħɽҪħɽյö࣬ħɽķħֹһε˴ȥҲûʲô⡣
ħɽԲ󸶼㣬˵ħɽصΣ֮ǿ鷢
ϹãҰȴûֱǰħɽȥѰҼϹ⣬ǾƳ̫廪Сκ˵
ҪǰħɽСȬ֮Ҳܹϲæ
ֻǰУѾҪĴ½ˣҰ⼸춼ָСкûƵҩ
ܿ죬ֻ˶Ӵˡ´֮˵ĿȻҰҰһ·ͬУǴ𾪼ֱ̫ˣԶҲ˳С
ҰǸû¶ƵģСһӴˡ
´СǸ뷽Ұһ߳ͷ
뵽Ĵ½ҰܵϢӲͬˡ˵½ŨĲç½ƶ񤡢Ĵ½ǳһɻҲŨ
ҰΪѾڣԸܵƬ½еһ籾ԴϢ½ͬͬ
Ұа˼⣬еЩ½һͬ磡
ʦķ̻˽ǣλȥ֮󣬾ŸȻ׷ʦߣ̻壡С˷쳣ȻҰͽܱȵķ̻Ȥ
Ӹ淽ҰѧϰˮƽֱҲͻͽѾﵽڵ۷壬ʱͻƵӣȻ뿪Ұ̫Զ
ҰС죬Ȼ̻ᣬ֪ܷŪ⼸ҩģ
˵ţҰֽҪǼָҩĸС죬С˼һĵʦҪ⼸ҩ̻ᶼУҵ˼͸ó
ҰЦŵ˵ͷ˵ԼҲռĵҲҪѲ̵ʱУҲҿ϶챦̻ǷӵС
ԽСȬҰҲܹͽܵĶҰһΣСһ˷ǧҩҲǧˣüҲûʲô˵ġ
ҰڸСţͼһϳȵŶ˹Сǰֵͣųӭؼң
ˣˣʦأС챧˱ȭ򵥽·Ұѯ
ȵĴ˷Ұһۣ벻ͨҰСγΪСʦġ
Сʻֱӵ˴̫ˣǵͣͷ⣬Ҫ߼·ˡ
Ǿǰ·ɣʦ룡С쳯ԸһŷҰÿ˵·
оȣ֪ƢȻûаȴǰܹԸʦ˹ļһ治֪Ǻηʥ
ҰҲֱǰ棬ݵָķǰУСڷҰߣ΢벽
΢΢üͷݸʦѾƵˣһ˹Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ԺҪ̳ķ̻ѡǰһ˹Ҳķ̻޹⡣
С죬ȴֲ֪ôӺ˵ֻա
ǰвãҰͼһȺǰ棬ƥɫߴ׳ûһ˿ɫϻһ޴ͭǮ־ԲڷϿޣķ̻ı־
ҰС뵽˺֮Уʱ󣬾ͽ뵽һͨС
һ·ۣһһռؽƽľ޴¥ǰ棬¥ϹŸͭǮ־ķ̻ڡ
ʦˣСŷҰʾ⡣
ҰСһ³뵽ķ̻֮С
᳤ɽڿᣬС콫ҰýңΪҰò֮󣬾ֱӽ뵽ķ̻Ŀ֮УҰҪָ˳
СմӲֿгͱһסˣСеҩģüףˣЩҩĸ
С̧ͷɨһˣ̲ĵԭǹϰǲڿ𣿿𣿡
ϵ˵ͷĳĵոտ꣬С찡ķ̻ڵѾǳˣ㻹ǽǧݶŻȥɡҲ̻Ķ
Сɫ΢䣬ĵҶ̻ĹףѵЩǧҲʲôöʦǡҪõЩҲҪ
ɫƵĵʲôʱֶ˸ʦʦһʹ̻öҲʲôûɫȰ㻹ǳƭԶɡ
СɫȻ䣬͸һϢĶŹϣһһٵĵٸ˵ʦҾͶ㲻ˣ
ɫͨ죬û뵽С쾹Ȼô˵ָС˵ðӲ˰ҵ뿴ôҲ
Сɫ䣬һĨгһ׷Ź
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ǱסӵѼӣЩԺɱķҲٷϻˣСһţɾͳԲ˶ˡ
ӶˣҲֻǿţĳС̻ΣǰδеأλѾˣӭȢҶҵǧҶǸͨǹϵŮˡߣ°뱲еˣ
˵꣬ҲСķӦֱӷ
Сɫ΢΢£֪ǸҶȷҪʣһĳëеϰԸһӲȢҲȢôŮˡ
ķ̻Ĵ£ͨǣӵΧʮУͨ½Ľͨ
ϧľ֣ش֮
ҶΪ׵ļ嶼ִѹķ̻ᣬҪ̲ķ̻ᣬҶġ
һһҪֱӽķ̻Ữ鵽Ҷ֣֮С춥ֻǸܡ
СüͷҪķ̻ģֻǼΣȴüڲˡ
뵽ʦҰСٰһЩҰƢЩ˽⣬зҰԼܵ۸
Ұ԰ǽǰ


510 ϼ
С췵صҵʱ򣬹˷Ұ⣬СĸܷХҲڣ߸ϣһ߸Ұš
ܷХǼϸոտᣬ˵С˸ʦͶһ
ҰδͷųԼѹǶ͸ҰΪҲҵһš
ֻкüϵɫ̫ÿȻǶԷҰǲ̲̬Ȳ
ǿСʣҰôС̻ᡣǣкü϶ǿ׳죬һ޲ýҰϳȥļơ
ʦһˣˡС쳯ܷХ˵ͷֱҰߣĸװݵ˳˷Ұǰ
СĽݾô˳и³üͷõĵС죬ʲô˸ʦ̻ö̻ٸԣô÷Ҳ޷־ȥ
С첻䲻ȵĵͯϣΪķ̻ᱼãݾ͵µĹǮˣ᳤ĹǮӦֵˡ
ҰȻĿżˣСԼ¡ҪСԿˣҲӲܵġ
ߣ˵ģݣµĹǮһûˡһߣ⡣
ܷХ΢΢üͷ˰֣ЩƣĵХģİɡ
ո˵ǸͯϺȻ뵽ʲôЦС칰ֵϲֶˣոѾˣ׼ӭȢҶҵǧҶѾȥ֪ͨҶˣǰϲ˰
ܷХصӣЦղŹֻ˸飬᳤ɻûͬ⣡ķ̻䵽ֻܿɵάȥҲԶˣ
и뷢԰׵ҡҡͷͬĵ᳤ɲô˵ķ̻ڵƷǳϾҶλǧȻЩȱ㣬ȴҲһǴСȢķ̻ΣͿԶȹˡ
Сɫֺ˪ĵ˶Կķ̻ڵƾҶұƵģھȻҪҶ飬ĸԴģ֮һҶķ̻ʱˣ
ո˵Ǹ׷ڵһվָСŭС죬ķ̻ĴģҪΪķ̻ḺҶȢҲҪȢȢҲҪȢ
ķ̻Ļ᳤ʵܷХķ̻ķչ滮С֣֮ʴ׷߲ŻὫìͷָС졣
ܷХŭݵĵһ壬ķ̻㲻µͷ㾹ȻҶң˱С죬Ϲȥ𣿡
һܷХ̲ĵ᳤ܻ˵ɾͲˣЩΪķ̻ᱼۣûйҲпͰķ̻ѾԼȥˣǺϲҶңҲһֲĳ·
ո˵ǸͯҲڵ᳤ܻҲܹŴ磬̫ˣαҪǣСȢҶ֮󣬶ԴҶкôС첻ȢҶķ̻Ҳӱ̲Ľ
ܷХߵһòߵЩ˼ֱ̫ˣķ̻ᷢʱô˵ֻЩǶûٴķ̻Ǯɣķ̻ϲҶ֮ǵλò仯᳤ܻʮѪɾ͸ˣ᳤𣿡
һɫƵĶӣŭߵɽҲ˵̵ǮƾԼŬ׬ģЩķ̵̻ǮҲ٣ķ̻Ѿ޷άȥˣҸɽҶȥȥ
СЦŶųеˣĵǹȻ㽫ķ̻͸ҶҰŪʲôĽڣ׮Ҳͬ⣡
ܷХСһ࣬ĿɨһȦСķ̻ĿˣҲͬ׮£
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˵᳤ܻĶӿŮ͸ϹˣСǺ۹ⰡϣҽϽиεĺһۻŵҵĴԶ򿪣һӲ˽
ӵ󣬻ۻũӣֱʦǿߡ
⣬ǸҲЦС졣
Ҷ죬ķ̻ĵطʲôܷХɫ쳣ȻѾܷХˣ˵Ѿ˼ˡ
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Ҷһŵλ˶վҶкƺҶ쵱˹
ܷХɫ࣬Ѿˣ˷ɽһ⣬˶ѾͶҶ죬ƹġ
ҶϹŵЦݣϸϸ´Сһ飬͵ĵ˵ͷС쵹ҲҼҴʲôȻѾķ̻ˣȻƸģķ̻Ҳջͽķ̻ᵱƸɡ
СݺݵһŮģģ׸ҶҪĶıķ̻ĲҵʲôʸȥףҲ䣿
ҶɫĶС죬С죬Ƹ£Ƹķ̻ᣬƸַڣǲҶ𣿡
ܷХվҶ죬˿õĵȨܼף㵹ǿ԰Ů޸ȥҪƸȥɣ
ĵ᳤ܻĲˣҶѾӦˣַڣôУ
ܷХŭȻǶôҪˣҪǿķ̻ĲҵˣҲգܷХͬ⽫ķ̻͸ҶͷǣֵľվһߣӲһˣ
ܷХĻ£߸ߵҶ
ܷХΪϻվһߵģû뵽ֱվҶǱˣԴΪˡ
ܷХҧгݵĵðǼǻóķ̻ᣬŶ֣ܷХϹۣӽ쿪ʼ˲ķ̻ˣķ̻һҲûκιϵ
ҶϹϷʵЦݣĵӽ𣬲ȢȢŮķ̻ᶼҪҶˣ
ڣҲٹ˼ɣǴǿˡ
ҰһյĺŲ裬ϻĸʢݵĺӣҶ칰ֵҶĸҲķ̻Ķܱȥ
Ҷ쿴Ұ䲻Ҳûϣĵҽķ̻ᣬһжҶҵģǼӵȻҲҶҵġ
Ұڲ̧ͷƽҶ죬ͽТҵģ˭Ҫ͹ðɡ
С΢΢˿֪ʦҪˡ


511 Ұ
ҶϹһ˿Ц⣬Ťͷת򹬳ɱȻĵϣȥȡ˳㽫СӵԴҵ뿴Сλʦʲôͣ
ǣ˷ܵĴӦһɫƵĳŷҰ˹ȥ
ʦС첻ǰ벽վ˷Ұǰ档
Ұ֣һ͵С쵴һߣЦﻹŲķ̻ᣬΪʦΪǰΣ
С첻ܿƵһߣŹˣаģһҪŬУ㣬ԼܴˣҲʦԳˡ
ܷХ̧óһɫǹʦڵΪͷ˳ֱӽɫǹڹǰ棬ߵλСʦЩСѾ͸ˣٸҳ֣Ҳ
ˢ
Ҷһ˹Ȱܳжһ߰һܷХеɫǹܷХһžĴս
һͯϵҲԼ˱ŷɽһϹ˹ȥһ߹һ˵ţϷ룬ˣҲִ̫ˣʵڲǶְҲһͶҶǻһ¡
ɽ趯һ󵶣ֻܿסŭߵĶķ̻ĵ̣ѱķ̻ᣬǾ͹ķ̻ĵ̣
˳Ҳҧţһ˵Ļ
ʱǹҲ˷Ұǰ¶Ц⣬гһ貵Ĺͷ󵶣ŷҰ£ЦСӣðСʦķ̻ƭȥã㲻ǺŰ
ڹôСӣΪ磬ʦڵΪûаСӷϡ
ҰҡҡͷһֻǸʦڵļһĴ½лţܹڻǸ漣
ȵͷ£Ұָס˴󵶣ǹǴ޻Ƶģ÷Ұ˫ָ
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սڲܹõ
ǰ쳣꣬Ǹڵǿߣ
ӿһСŪôǿʦ֪ˣɲӧԸҰ
Ұסͷ󵶣ҡͷ̾ϢѵջȻ㲻ãðɡ
Ұδ䣬еĹͷ£͸оԼĲһͿԼͷʬ壬ȻʶԶĻ֮С
ÿĵҶѿڶŷҰĿжһ˿ء
δܵǹսΪҰֻǵѡ
ǹҶʶûʣһ
һȴҰһնɱֶθסˣԴս˳ȥɲĴŷҰ
Сӣ㵽ʲôˣķ̻ĵɱˣҲ̫ķ̻ˣͯϳŷҰȡ
ҰЦ˵ͷ˼Ҷǵķ̻ˣ㻹ſڱտڵķ̻ᣬҲ̫Ҫ˰ɣ
лԮ֣ܷХŷҰлҲ˷ҰĲܹһն˹ԼҲ
ܷХһķ̻ᣬҲûа취顣
һ˵жķ̻ĴԴﶼҪֲٰ֮죬һȫķ̻Ҳ̱
ҶƹܷХ޷¾⼸λϡ
㷽ҰնɱǸҶҲֻΪҰĵѡ
ҰĻҶߵСŮףķ̻Ƹķ̻ѾҶˣ
ҰƽĵСͽܣ˭ҲܱҪͬ⣬Ҫȹһء
ҶŷҰ˪ĵµʱᣬѾͶҶңɱ͸ɣ
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ǸǳΪߵˣǸʦԲǿߡ
ҶķԸֱڳʧһ˲Ƶ˷ҰǰжһŷҰüļ̹ȥ
Ұɫ䣬΢ΧվͱһӣߵֹڰУݹȥĳҲǱסƵģ޷
߱ǸΪ̫߳ˣ˳սڣ
ҰϾĽӹеϸƽĴ뵽ߵü֮УĵԱ֮ʩɡ
ϸߵüдߵĿл˲ţʧȥ˹ʡ
һɱһʦԲǿߣͷеһǣǸǰ˷ҰΪ˾Ī
еսȫֹͣҶɫ˲òҰһƬڣ㾹Ȼڣ
ǸܷХҲĪǳ˼С쾹Ȼ˸ôʦҴ˴λˣķ̻ӦÿĶˡ
ΨһеȵľСˣڷҰֵʱֻֽ֪֣Ȼ˷ܡ
ҶʱҲӦ˹֪Ұֺ˲ܹǵģʱҲ˲Լһ屻ɱˣæŷҰֵλѣҶΪУȻѲ֣ҶҾӣ뿪ķ̻ᣬϣѿԷŹҵȡ
ҰЦЦĵӻûеô󣬶ˣոպҪᰡ
ҶɫҰףͷϵ亹ʼð˳ŵ۲ʶ̩ɽҲ֪ǸȻҲð
ҰŨüһȻô˵ҲǻҪԸˣ
ҶƺѾ֪ҰŹŷҰٴι˹֣һתҶȻֻǸ׿ԽȴڰĲç䣬Ƕ֣ç䲻Թ۵ġ
ҰǸǿߣҲӦòҸһӲӲҪ֪жЩо
ç䣿Ұظһ䡣
Ҷ컹ΪҰ˲ç䣬ֱͷҶçĹϵã㲻֪ķϣεôˣֻҪ㲻ٲ֣ҲͲƽˡ
Ұɫ쳣ĹŹ֣Ҷ¶һЦмĵçôˣذذϻֵɱģ㻹òçѹң
Ҷɫ䣬ѿڶذֵɱģ
Ұĵ˵ͷʲôֵˣиʲôذյģȥѰҵĻҲ˳ˣ


512 һŹ
ΪçĸҶذյĴ֪ڲç֮УذյΪҲǰ֮С
ֻһǰذȴϢˣȻǳأҲһЩû뵽ǵǿ߾ȻҲǱɱġ
ҶһʱҪ˴ȴΧȫסˡ
ҶĿг˾֪ҰȻҵ˵Ǿûȥ
Ұ˵ذննɱʱ򣬾С춼ȵĺϲ£죬Ѿܸ߹Լʦˣû뵽ǵ͹ˣԲնɱ˵ҰսѾ޽ӽھˣ
С찵ңҰǲģҿϣȻҰҲΪͽ
ҰȻѾ¾ĽЩնɱˣҲʱ䣬ֱӽǱͷ󵶶С죬ĵС죬Щ۸ķ̻ᣬԼ˰ɡ֮ţҪȼסһŹ棬˲ңҲˣңնݳ
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Сӹͷ󵶣΢΢Щ
Ұô˵Уһе˼ǽҶ֮˺ķ̻ѱĳ϶նɱ⻹ЩӦ
ҪɱҶ죬Ҷҹַȥķ̻ˡɱķ̻ѱĳϣЩ˶ˣҲЩ²ȥ֡
ҰҲߴһжԼڷҰֻҪǸ۸ԼͷٴҲҪնɱЩѱģȻǵѱˣ͸ˡ
ȻС²ȥ֣ҰҲǿֻĻͽҲˡ
ҶСеĹͷ󵶣ԼСǾɲı飬֪СݻЩ˼ɣӲʩĵС죬εǲĴ֪ҼҴ䲻㣬㲻ͬˡµƸҲķ̻ᣬҲҪˡңҶһǲçĸɱҵĻķ̻Ҳ㲻ɱң
Խ𣿽ɱľ㣡Сһϵı鶸ȻúеĹͷ˸貵ĵâҶͷ­һ˳ȥ
Ҷг˲ţû뵽СĻ֣һСУҡ
ҰնɱҶҵˣ˿˼ɶûУֻնɱķ̻ȥЩߣȴЩ²ȥ֡
ȻѾ֣Свͣͷٴ˸£һҶҵĳϸˡ
СŵѪĹͷ󵶣Ȼһˣĵλϣķ̻ǲڹؼʱ̻ҶҶԸķ̻ᣬ޲鶼óŹǣݣ
СֵĺҲһѱ䳤Ͼ֣ʵû뵽С컹ĸҳ֣ȻҶҼҶ춼ɱˣַų˺ݻȻûŹǡ
һɫҰףæĵС죬尡ҴС㳤ģεҲԣϣԷһ·һúõرķ̻ġ
ͯҲæС죬鲻ҲǱǿȵİ׾ǸҶ죬ҪЮǶԸķ̻İ
гϲŵǲûıķ̻ᣬͶҶҲģֻҪڲΪķ̻ȡᰡ
Сûɵĸܵһ˿룬еĹͷ˼£Ųʵͷ­ȫ
һƬѪȣͷʬ壬СɱôˣɫҲЩ԰ס
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Ұİ˰֣Ҳֻ˳Ϊ᳤ܻ֮÷ϡҼȻˣͻ㴦Ҷҵ飬Ҷһжٸ֣
ܷХɫ΢΢˼£ҶһҶҹоʦĸ֣αɱΪߵˣʣʦĸ֮֡⣬жʮλͨҶҶҡ
Ұ˵ͷܺãȻһԸǰҶһˣҶҵĸ߶һٰγç֪Ҷ֣ҲνˣçϰֵܾɱģһݳҲν
ҰҲǾ˼ǵģǽЩնɱҶҳ绹ķ̻鷳
οҶұǲç䣬ԼҪǲܵ׵Ļķ̻Ҳֲ˶þͻᱻ
ԼֵĻֻҪҶҵĸ߶һѶˣҶҲͳûϻķ̻ҲõҶҵıˣçҲծ㵽ķ̻ͷϡ
ܷХɵ᲻ʲô鷳
ҰȻЦͲòˣһû¹鷳
ʹ䣿ܷХһݡ
ҰƽĵǷҰСΪʦҲķ̻Скֻܽߡ᳤ܻͬĻξͻСߡ
ܷХ澪ϲĵǷҰСܰΪʦСңһУȻ޳ɡ
С쳯ܷХȻͬˣ֮λͻøɡ
ܷХЦҲǸգУ֮λʱŰɡ
Ұķ̻ļµǲôģֱӵǾɣȥҶһˣ׽Ҷҵ鷳
Ұ˵ҲֱʧڹС
ȵҰߺܷХ˲ų˿
ȻղŷҰδͷųԼѹȴеһεѹΧǸҰһʱСġ
ܷХС˴Ĵָ޵Сӣ۹ⲻ벻ʦǷҰ˰ڱɱɱ֮ΪʦǸǳǵľ
СҲЩҵĵҵҲһȣҰʦʱ򻹲֪ǷҰֻǸоֶźԥİʦˡʦ֮Ҳ֪ʦǷҰҿ¾µ磬һء
˵ǸʦƷܷХȡ
СɵʦڴƳƷҩкüʮţƷƷĸǶ಻ʤңʦռƷҩ̫廪ĲϣóǧҩʦҪ̫廪֮еļֲϣΪʦƷʦҲԶˡ
ܷХλ϶һϲɫСС찡ж־ķúøʦ죬Ժ·ӽƽ㲻õģʱؼУ
СͷӦǣԵԼһʱؼġ
ܷХʲôȻС죬ո˵ʦƵƷҩкüʮţƷƷҩʤʦôϰ
СɫŹֵĵʦܺܶ࣬ݺȡ֮Ƶģ滳ǲǰĸˡˣʦʱĲͶݵҩģǧҩܳѾǶƷʦˡ
ܷХϲͷס˵ããã
Сķ̻󷽣Լ׸ȥˣֻŷҰ͸ŷҰȥ


513 Ʒ
Ұķ̻֮һ·УƬ̾͵Ҷ룬ңңһƬȺ䣬Ŵ߸߹֣Ҷ
Ұ˴ΪտҶңʵʹҶ룺ҶҳƣҪץҶңҷҰˣ
Ҷ֮һʱ仹û׹˭ǷҰƣһ˳
ҰҲϻɨΪһ֮룬дﵽҶӵü֮С
ҶҸֶʱҺһԴҽвѡ
ʲôˣҶҰ𣿡
һ֣ɱ
󣬽ɱڴˣ
в˶ŷҰŭЩֱӾͶԼķŷҰϮɱȥ
ҲһЩɫ΢΢˱䣬˷ҰֻȴǰǴ˵еĺ˷Ұ
ڳڶ෨Ұ˿ûзУȻٿմƣ˶УЩҲĿ¿ɱԭˡ
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һĺһȫǵϣһѪɫ˻һҶӵܴѪ
һĻҶӵܶеһĵֻЩʦڲҺҶӵܸеӿ־ˡ
ǷҰиӵܾ˳
ʱ˵ж¶һ˿Ȼɫ˭Ǹڱɱɱķӣ
ҾǷҰҰ˿û˼лûУϵʿﾡٵ
⻹ǷҰĽºģЩûһѡ
Ҷ˶ŭѣһҶ߳ŷҰŭշģҶԩ޳ΪҪҶҴɱ䣿
ҰٴλûһУߵһĵҶҴҵ⣬ܾôˣûɱѾƵˣҶţ
Դϴɷɱ֮󣬷ҰҲоԼɱ̫ˣҲоֻҪƵԼҲٴɱ䡣
ҰҪҶҵĸ߶γҲûɱˣֻǽǶȥΪ
ǸߵΪҲҰϵиŭշģҶӵܣԺһ㱨ģ
ҰٴλһУĵҲϵˣĮĵ㵹ңΪ˱Ժ鷳κζеģҶˡ
ԱϣҰͷ˳бɨеˣȥ˵ϳȫΪ
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ҶӵܶеһУִ򲻹ֲһ˿ⶼǶ֪Ҷߵˣһϣ
ϼĲç䣬ҲҷҰĻıסҰçɲΪǶȥ﷽Ұ
ҰĿÿɨһֱ֮ɢϡ
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Ұ֪ҶѾˣҲûҶңֱӷصͨС
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ҰѾռʣµϣĴҲͣ˼δʹС
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һҩˮ㱻ҰͶ뵽ƶ֮У£һҩҩҩҺû˿ͣ͡
¶ʱʱͣϵһҩģеȴҩԡ
ҰϵĴһһĵٶޱȣСһһգգĿţԼѧĵӡ֤Աȣ಻׵ĵطȻʡ
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ҩҺҩ۵תҩҺҩۿʼ˴ںϣĻϾȣΪһŽ״ҩ
ҩҩҺתһſӿݵɫҰٴһһĵڻתٶԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ⻬
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СҰĿг˳羴׽ٶˣֵҩƷҩֵҩжûж˿ԿõȴݴΪʦĳɾͱض
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Сںܳƨİ˰֣Ϊ̫ˣûбﻤɲУæŵлˣҵĶʦǻ̫Զˣ
ҰЦŵʦţڸˣ似ҩȻҪҪĻǸ˵־ͻԵ⵱ʦĶˣ⵱ʦȻҲҪʾʾС죬ϲʲôı
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С֣صĽӹʥìŷҰлԽԽϲ뵽ڡ


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ңŸС죬еʱҪ÷Ҳ÷ҰеЩ鷳ᶨһҷɴľġ


516 Ʒ
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Ұ֮ûмУ֮󣬾͵һΪˮǵĴС


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Сˣкü˶ȥ
ҰСڡСһۣԵж¶һ˿ɻ
ϹϢ϶Խ֪Խðȴڴ֮ͥ˵˳ǶоЩԾ
ǸµĵħɽȻмϹǲħɽȴΣ鲼впܻ䵱ҲŽ뵽ԵλãͲ棬ȰλǲҪ嶯
٣֮أȻΣգηǰǻиƨ˲ں˵һƬȣǰԶΣ
ҲţԼϹû˿Բġ


518 ֮
ǵˣҰаԼõϹϢҲżȻ
ܼϹϢǷʵϢ֮󣬵Ϣ콾ģһЩϹŶ
ǿ϶ǰħɽȥ֤ʵһҰԼҲ⡣
֮⣬̫ѵˣһ˿ᣬҲûԸ
иԶǵѯʵλӣǷϹ⣿
ͷǵģϧħɽеɱ̫ˣҲǱ˳ģξҪѰһЩһǰ
ȻӳϿԸ㹫һ⣡ոǸһϮµվҪǰһ
˿ͷģи˱ʾԸ룬ܿ֯һӾ¥뿪ȥ
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Ұһ裬ȷʵ⣬ΪѾﵽ磬ֻΪҲ͸ʿȸĴҲˣȴųϹϢ±ͼ
Сüͷߵô˵ϹϢҲǼٵˣ
Сҡͷʦ壬ҵǾüϹϢӦġ밡ϹϢǼٵģ䡢Ӧͳˡ㲻ħɽ˵ЩһӲֿҲ̫ˣֻ˵ǻڲħɽѰ١
ҰͷС˵еҲüϹϢӦò١꽫ڶ콾ۼһͼС⻹ıЩ콾֪Ǹ壬Ҳԥģһ̫ˣ
ǻȥȥСƲ졣
ҰЦȥΪʲôȥ㼫ϹϢǼٵģһܲǼٵİɣܵõϹãòҲûϵұͲΪ˼ϹġȻҪ˼Ϲ⣬ҲŹؼǣڽȥ֮ǰҪ˽ⲻħɽһЩ
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˵ħɽ֮в֮ɽʯ𻵣ˣҲỺԶ޸лƲɵҩݣвʿеõʥ׵Ĺ似ûмϹ¼Ҳ֮͡˵˲ħɽĲ
иüĿҡͷ̾Ϣĵħɽɱ鲼ϢĿռУв׽ٵϺɫףдҽʱ˵֪Σȥ֮ҲԳμϹ֣֪Ҫ˽ܻѪħɽ
иòµĵǰҲڲħɽΧεϣһЩԵһɫͻأҸһСɽϣСɽΪƽأҪǴϣǻҷ³Ӵ֮ҿɲ̤㲻ħɽˣ
иͬãҲҪòУμϹϢʵĻЩϹŶҲȥģûʵûǲҪȥ
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˲ֲħɽ飬ȴԲħɽǳȤһһʿߣŲħɽķ˹ȥ
ϴǲҲϹȥСЩԾԾԵɫ
ҰЦϹ棬Ҳô׵ؾͱȡˡϹǼٵģǾ͸õˡҪĲǸǰȥҪԲħɽٶ˽һЩ˽Խ࣬Խ
СҲֻðеļУʵʵƬ֮СС죬ϴ󣬲ħɽ̫գСΪ磬һȥĻҪΣգס
ҰС죬ƽĵС죬ôģ
СӭŷҰĿ⣬̹Ȼ֪СʦҲΪҺãҲȥʶҪΣյĻҾڲħɽǾͺˡ
Ұͷ鲻·͸һȥɣҲڲħɽţһȥСҲʥѰΣҲв㣬ΣգҺСҲֵġ
Ұͽܣɲ̳һһ䣬ֻΣдܹɳΪǿߡ
þģҲҪԼȥ
ҰͬԼţС쾪ϲĵлʦлСʦ壡
Сڲĵ´νкʦ壡
Ұھ¥ס죬˲ħɽϸϢǴһʦԲʿлȡһŲħɽĵͼһħɽ
ȻŵͼҲĵͼдǿհס
ħɽһأܹõŵͼҰҲѾǳˣЩƶӺõǺϣһ˿


519 ħɽ
ħɽϺɫɽʯŷǳĽ򣬾Ҳ޷շС
ҰСںСħɽΧʱ򣬴˴վ˸ʿǧ֮ࡣ

һĲҽʮ벻ħɽеͻأеĿռиնƬǼЩֽƵģڿռֱӾͱƬƬ
Ұ˫ͫ΢΢ռпֲޱȣոЩ˼ıҲмϧڿռ֮£û˿ĵֿ
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Ұ˵ͷղŵĿռеȷйŹ֣˺ҲмӰ졣
СڲںĵС찡ͷİɣҺʦ㣬ʥԶЩռвʲôΣյġ
Сһƽ¼飬Ҳ֪ʦʦǻᱣԼġ
οռб˶ʱֹסǰħɽ˼ڲħɽΧš
ٺãûãҲֻá
ϹǾͲˣħɽǱõļʻǺܴģȥһҪ⵽ģ˭ҽȥһʦڵ˵š
иӿڵ˵Ķԣ֮ˣηηβǻ޸ƨȻΣգҲǱ֮ءλʦ֣ȥ
˴ͷҲվ˳Ƭ̣ܾ;ۼˣȫʦʿ
Щ֮󣬸Լ󶦡ӡȷķԼͷ뵽˲ħɽ֮С
˵Ŀ⼸ˣǽȥ֮ûռеĹ⼸˺ܿʧ˵ľ֮ˡ
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⼸˳ɹǰʦʿҲʼ׷ӣܿн˶뵽˲ħɽ֮С
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ħɽбĪĻԵ似ر˴ݣ˴ֳּϹϢ֮͡
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Сҡҡͷʦ壬ΪΪʳÿ˶ΪԼ뵽ħɽһ˿
Ұ͵ĵ˵ͷС˵ĲϹ̫ǿˣʿҲ׷ġǿʿھʿǿҲԵⶫ˭Ҳ˵
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˵䣬ҰһҲǼߣЩ˶巽ҰΪҲҴ⣬˴˶ּ˸
ĪɽܷҰݵʱеһȣӸоҰɲˡ
СڵΪҲ͸Ҳҵˣ˴˺һ
ڷҰͽܶȻоЩףҲû˳˵ʲô
˼ԼͽܣԼܹȻϹġ
ҰĪɽѯʵĪ־ۼôǶԲħɽ˽ˣ
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ĵ˵ͷҲԣĪɽһ𣬽뵽˲ħɽ֮С


520 ɱķ
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ΧϺɫʯͷӿݣеϢ쳣ĲӲҪжܼѡ
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ʦСڵֿסˣзҰ֧Ԯ
С쿪ڵ˲䣬ҰͻӶе쵶ǿнضС츽ʱС


521 
ҰС죬ԽԽΣգҲס㣬ȶɡ
Сͷûʲô
ܹڲħɽ߳ѾˣҲ֪ҰǸĪɽɵԼٸȥĻͻ۵Ұˡ
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ҰþʥǸĪɽһĽĿǵֻǸԣʥܹӵУҵĽ
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ǵطػѾȫҲǿƵģҰԶûгԣСȻҲûгԡ
ղҪԼŮҰǸߺȻΧгǿػȻܹǷ֣˵ǸѾȱˣֻҪҵ۹ĸɾǾͿԵõĲˡ
Īɽ׵Ҷ󷨵ЩоԵƬ̣ҿںη
˵꣬ĪɽһƬ̣ʱشһģóһ뵽ΧϺɫɽʯ֮С
֮Īɽָһ򣬵ˣ
Īɽ˵ֱ꣬ӼһߣȻһմ
оͷһݸܳһɱ֯ƬƬնûУȴδ
ֹҪɱֻҪɱĸɾ⴦Ҳ൱ȥˡ
Ұ΢΢ЩȣԶƵӡҲ˳Īɽָĵطľڡ


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ղѾƵӡˣ⴦ħɽϵһֻҪħɽڣ⴦޷ȥ
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Īɽֹͣ˹üһԴԴƻٶȻûָٶȿ졣
ǸߵͷȷһɰϵڲŴ˴󣬳ܹһƵ󣬷Ļǹһ꣬Ҳ޷ȥ
ĪɽȻˣҵ˸󷨣ǡ߸ˣ֮󣬹ֹ߱ǿһԡ
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ĪɽҰҲʾЦĪɽȪħ˲½ħеǸڤħȻҲˣȴǴİ򶼲̤ٳһħҾٴ򣡡
Ŀɿڴħǿ൱ĴڣҰţ˶Ҵ򣬶һû޷󰡡
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523 ϲ֮
˵ǸҲһֱ
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Ұ˵꣬쵶ͳ˳ȥһɺ嫵֮Īɽͷ¡
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ҰܵиӦһɰ֮оͬ뵽֮Уܵ򶼿ʼһѺۡ
Ұ侪ңĬƵӡܿͿմƵڣ쵶ֱմƵն˹ȥ
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ĪɽĵҰҲһδʥԺɨ콾ˣӡ˥ħʮڶħһƴѪɫʢ磡ûܹ赲ħĲ
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ǰһڵɫΡɽźԶܹܵɽгźƴĵϣɽһɳ⾳
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ҰƵӡе˼£˴еĲֹ켣Сڵļһȵߣ
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ŨˮֻǻݲȴǱȲиԣҲûֱʴ
ȻżҲԼһݣǴ󲿷ֵطǳĻױĸɾƵģϻʱؿԼһ̵Ĺ֡
ҰץһʯͷӦ£ʯͷĲӲҲһԶظԣֻǴ˴ظ̫ˣޡ
ŵĹ֣ҰȻһĴ֮УһƬɫƬ
Ƭϲ˵ȻȻɵƵģһ㣬ţ뵳һɹħԡ
ħƬСһѹ˳ҲϳƬƬ
Ұи𾪣ǸĪɽûƭȻѹһħǸʲôȪħ
ƬƬĶƳɷԸϵʥҰȻŹгһԪֱ֣ӽƬС
ҰϸϸоһȷƬƬûκεľӡǣȻԼľһ飬ƶһ飬ŷĵĽƬƬ
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ʱҰԶһ޵ĺΪ̫ңԶԵʣҰҲԶ׷ʲô
ҰСһۣһ˵ͷźķ˹ȥ
ܹ˶ʮɱҰСڲǴĵط
ңңģҰͼڸնţһǷҰûм죬һһİꡣ
һ˻ƽɫĴ죬Ǹǰĵ䣬㲻
꾹Ȼɽĵ䣡
ɽĴˣһֵʱ򣬷ҰΪȻһòޣμ浹ǵ߸˷Ұ֪侹ȻǸ꣡
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ղѾԹˣΪֻȴϸܵһΣյϢԲŲԸ
ǣҪǱƼҲ˼̫ġ


526 
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䣬ﲻӵеģңұ֤㰲Ȼͷ裬һֺո֣нڳнɫӭչеķ·һ
ҰҲ֪䵽׵õʲôܹ춼ϧڴ˴Ҫ֪ﻹ֮Увпܻ
ѵǼϹⲻɣ
ҰиոշͷҡҡͷǼϹ⡣
Ϲؼıɫ֮⣬Ҫշֱɫ֮⣬ɲô׵飬Ҳκηδ͸¶ȥ
ǼϹ⣬˻Եˡ
ڵõĶҰҲǳĺ棬Сйע̬ķչ
ǲǼϹ⣬ֵ첻ϧ￪սĶҲʲô
ͬʱҰҲǱӣʱǸ̫ķƷҫҫڻ˴ɪҰȥһ١
Ұ͸о˲ԾϵϢһС磬ȴ޵ĴϸӦһΣյ
ҰԼ֪ϱȻĶҲӴˣ˾衣
죬Ϊ㣡ϣб͹ðɣ䣬һһɵĹʵС
Źʵ˴ɣ׹⣬һͷϵ׺б͸һɿԵ

ҰͷŹʵȻǴʵе
ҰѾӵȸˮ߹ִʵҰߵǴʵ·ߣڱصã
СſУǿסԼͣ˳
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һֳһƬ׺ɫ׺Űһֿصаףˡ
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óȫ°ɣҲûˣ޾Ц
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Ұע⵽ˣԴղż֮ΧЩɱʧһ㣬ͲΧ
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Ǵ̫죬ȻѾ֪ˣɣЦһʥһ壬һգһ˽ɫСУ沼ķģȻɵģһԵĵϣա
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ҰİһӾȷ̫졣
̫ƵģпǴתۼգһɫķڴ߲һ֮Ʈ䡣
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ʲôˣ侪ŭղűѹŴֱĪסԼ֮ˣе쳣ı
һҰΪ³һڡ
ɽĵ䣬ǲɱңٱԼݣϣҰɵ
Ұ䣬ɫû˿仯
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ҰһץУʱҲǡøϵˣҰкСһЦЦζлˣ
ҰСڴЦȥɱʧӰ١
쳤ŭҰƲ


527 ˾칬
δȻĻҰҪõҲûôɡ
ɫ粻Ұŭ쳣ǷҰδҶ˿죬⵹Щ֡
ĽҲõŭ쳣ҶѾ̫ˡ
ҰСͬ޾ɱдת۾ʧǵУ˴ξ̽飬͵Ҫ׷ϷҰǲˡ
֪Ұڶ࣬ʱҪ׷ϷҰֱǳ룬㷽ҰҲûմӷҰж˵Ѿ׷ϷҰˡ
ĿٴתƵ˵ϣȻҰ˵ϵǵϻһ컯飬Ҷ
ɱ˵䣬òҲԵõҶ
дչӳһһյתŵ֡
䳤ХһҶɢɫ׵磬һ׵Ļǰ
죬Ҳֻ̫ɽгһգұضն㣡һĻٵĴһƬ貵ɱٸš
Ҳ쳣ıѰһ²ҵȴͷҰ֣ո˷Ұϣǳơ
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ҰõзǳҲ֪˴ĵطֻȽȵ˵±֮㡣
ҰΪһ񼼶ڼϹ⣬ȷǷУҲ֪ȥδѰңǾȥѰһ񼼡
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ڽ֮ǰҰ뵽һ֪Ƿеİ취Ǿڴ˴һ񼼣˴ĹӶҵһĳ
뿪͵֮󣬷Ұһ񼼶˳һ뷽Ұһģһʿ˳
Ұ϶ŵЦݣϢһģһֻɢȴԶ
ҰȻҲӵзҰȫֶΣΪȴ̫ˣֻܷӳʦڵ
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һΪ˴˻ţΪȫͬĸ壬ָоΪ档
ҰĬƵӡԼ뵽˷ĺУķҲƵӡסԼΪ˸Ǹ
뵱嶯÷ĵǸħʦҰƵӡΪȻõı˿ˡ
ҰСںԼķǰߣıȴڲԶнţ飬ҲԵһʱӦ
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Ұ;Ҳ˼ˣеڲȡҩݣеڶԿɭɱеĳЩʯǰҰûв˵顣
һգҰСڹۿһʯڣȻһת˲ţɽ֮ϹңԶܹӦһŨ
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Ĵָ߹ҵǰ峬ףһ徲Ϊĵϡ
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λðİ˾ԼһϹ⴩󲻶ϢϾ޾ѹǼϹ⣡
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һϣ·׷ɣǧӰ֣а쿡ϹһĨɢЦݡ
һ㣬ǺЦͷϸ֣λðת˸âҫš
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˪峾²˷ĵ鷽ҰҲ˵ٴμˣ÷ҰΪп
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Щ˵϶طΪҰҲԿΪֻܸӦš
峾Ϊ࣬ǲҪǿһЩӦҲﵽڵľ磬ԼҲ˿ҲԼܡ
Щ⣬Ұļ콾ȴʶĴ½콾Ǵ½콾


528 񼼵
Щ콾ȴǣҰɵǲԶ߰˸нľϼһ
ЩһﶼǸÿһ˵϶ɢһɿֲƣмһΪɲ⣬Ǿڡ
ҰҲԿǵľΪЩϼһоڣǾԲĴڡ
͵䣬Ұû￴ǣɽε
Ұüë΢΢£ԶԶŷҰЦ֣һأֵķ˸ʤ꣡
Ұһս̫ħķڻҲ͡
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˴սܱʵͱʵҰıڰҰҲܹӦ䡣
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ϲڴôﵭЦŹֵأлЩĽɫ
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529 ħӡ
ˣֵһᡣҰŻﹰ˹֣˵һ䡣
ʱҰҲɻԼõ񼼣Щһô֪
СڳŷҰ괫ϴղŸʱ߷ʥод֣֮콵˲֪ˡҲ֪㵽׵õʲô
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ҰħһϼһƽһƵӣҰ治֪ʲôɫġ
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ҰȻ뵽˸飬Īɽų˼ϹϢϹڰ¯УҪõϹ⣬ͱư¯ķӡ
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Ҳһ£ʹĳЦշģ㵽װʲôģȪħ˵ˣΪ˵ͿֹǲҪ̼Ϲ⣿
һҰȻҲΪҰںߡ
֪Сԣһɷ߷һмЦ
д󲿷Ҳ¶Ц⣬ûŷҰԡ
Ұε̾˿Ͳ²⵽˻ֽʱ˵滰ȷʵû˿š
ҰǱҪ˵ֻҪһֻܵס˵ĻᣬͱҪһ£
Ȼ
иĵѵ뷨벻Ϲˣ¯һħҲʣˣ
¯ħ𣿺٣˵ĸһ˭֪ǲҪԼϹⰡиϼһ￪ڡ
ղſڵǸɷЦһħαҲ룡Ȼˣǲ⼫Ϲˣ
ҰߵǵϹǵȪħģҵȻ⼫Ϲ⣡ǽȪħͷ˳ˣǵ𣿡
Ǹɷǵصĺһܹ˹֣شҲˣСԻڣΪҪ̼Ϲ⣡ȻҪϹ⣬Ҵ彨齫ȥ
һֱɣҪȥҲֻοǷҰ
ҰǸߣЦ壿˵˲Ҫͷų˻ȪħҴ忸𣿡
һֱһСƣҲЩǻҪἫϹ⣬ŷҰֱӳˡ
Ұƣ߾Ҫ嶯ĿڻҪڵʱ򣬶ɵĽϰӲɲס˳ЦҲſڴƻƣҪǷųʲôħҲһΣֻҪ֮˽Σ
Ҳһʲôħɾųˣֶɲܹġ
иϼһﳰʮλʮλѾ˰˾ˣΪһСëĻˣƻᱻЦ
˵ˣǼǰĴˣ¯ʲôȪħڲҲˣôǿѵһħ񲻳ɣиӿڡ
о¯ǱضҪģֻǴҲҪСĵҪʲôħڣһѹ˾У
ﶯģ֪Ұ˵ĿģҲûԸ
ο˻ӦħκϢ


530 Ʒ
Щϼһһ۽ëǿյģڲҪǷųȪħ֮⣬ֻ˵ҪѹΪԼƵġ
ʱǸҲҪҰϳȥˣĿŰ˾칬Ѿĥͻ֮ˡ
ˣ
ȻһǿҵĿռ䲨һɫ⻪˶еιƤۡ
ɫâ룬һ貵ɫ񽣴Ʋ񷣬һţһƵĿɽۡ
񽣣˾˳
ǸϹŵЦݣ·Գ˷Ƶģº͵ĵ˵ͷŸղǸ߹ֵӼԽϣ
ԭ˾ǷӣҰ΢΢üͷӿȻĶţǷҰȴϸܵһּ䲻ĸоо̫αˡ
Ȼһ֮ѣ
Ҳǳ壬Ҳʮˣ˵ȼ뻹Ҫ磬еڣʣ࣬ȫȺһ̳ˡ
߷ԽϵͷЦ峤㽫񽣶ˣϣοһջ񡣡
ЦȻᾡȡ
Ĵ½˵ŲȻǶҪõǼϹ⡣
ϸ˿˾칬ֻһˣķȻǿµϮ£Ѿʣ޼һƿ˴ķӡɡ
˵ĿⶼҰĿе̷ǳӡ
ԼϹ⣬û˿ҪͬҰ˵ǻ浣
ҲüҰѯʵô¶Ϊζλѣ
ҰαķûκκøУΪ˵Ĵ˴ӡһȪħ
ȻʧЦЦҡҡͷ˾칬ǵˣѹʲôħҲѻΪɻˡ
˵ӻˣּңʲôħţҲȻ;ƿݵĵزвֹһֵ컯ڣħǾ¾ħĻᣡ¾һħ׳ٰʷˣ
ӵһ˵ٴɿղŹźˣʱһӡһʲôħˡ
˵꣬ĿɨЦΪأ
㿡ʣǰһ˶԰˾칬ֵĴ㣬ЦֵͬĻħǾħˣ
Ҳһͬ˷ӵĻϹЦݣĿⲻмĴӷҰɨŻδ̬ĻָоΣ
΢΢üͷĮĵȻδӦħҲоЩҲ԰¯֡
Ļ÷ҰҲЩȣû뵽Ȼ˻ĻΪͼԵʣûҲһ˿Ծ
üëһĵֵ˼ǣ㲻˾칬еκζˣ
һõĵֻҪҳеħĺҾ͸ұ֤ᶯ˾칬еκζ𣿡
ǻ￴ʲô²˿޾ӣ֣ҲҸа塣
Ұ͵ĵ˵ͷ˵ҲЩˬ
һͲˣ˰˾칬ķȴᶫ³˶޷ܡֵʵǿᣬҪΪ𣿡
ЦֻҪΪˣ˵¯ҪΪˣ˵԰˾칬𣿡
ɫ࣬ǿѹеŭֵ˻ֵ˼ˣֵǸƿ˾칬Ҫʲôƾ°ɣ
ҲЩ»ܹŻǸһ˻
ڻ˵԰˾칬֣ҰҲ⣬Ҫǲ԰˾칬ȴҪõıͻĳΪˡ
ӺȻҰѯʵλкδ㣿Ƿһ֣
ҰϵҡͷҲ֣ǰ˾칬Ҳ֣
üȻѲ֣ͲҪ￴ˡҪǵƳ˴˴ӡµѻ̲סᣬʱѿɾͳΪҵĹˣ˾Ͳˡ
ҰЦ˵˴ħǲţΪ˶Ըħģûа˾칬ûħҶ԰˾칬еĶһ˾칬ħǰ˾칬еκζ֣
ãԣһĿٴת˾칬
˶ڷҰ˵ҲûκԽעתƵ˾칬档
жѾ⣬˾칬ûʲôħҰҳֵĻ˶һɱġ
ҰСԹۣħƭҲ֪ԼֹƷ⣬Ҳֻˡ
ҰŵȵħƷ֮˶ħٴѹмͬʱ֣ħҲԶһ
¡¡
һ˶ѾʼƷˣһ𣬰˾칬ϵɫ⻪ڿٱ䵭
罣Х񷣬ַ˫ҲڷһĹ
첢δ̫죬õĽǸ˷Ʒ̫ʥ죬ڰбʵ
ֱΥĶһ򣬲ʹڰ˾칬ϡ
ڸʲôֹһ빥Ʒ
ҳԣɲ˵Ǹֱˣıըǹǿģܹ˽ģ㲻ŵĻûԣﲻ˵ţʱʱķɹһ򣬴ڰ˾칬ϣһ˿δ
ͼأΪβóʡ
ЦûǴĻϻзѪôó
ð̣ŭûڶٶ÷ѪҲٿصĹ𣿡
ѧĵûڶûٶͼҿƵ𣿡
һҲ֪ǻԼΥ˶˵ƣһӰ򣬺ľ߸࣡
ò˵ӻһ˵ģܹ˿ĵط仰һ䣬еĹԱøǿһЩ
ֻǣȻŵƣ̫쵽ϢҲû֪ҶϢӦ֪Ҳ࣬ˣû˻ڸտʼͳȫ
˾칬ȷʱ̫ˣԴķĵĲˡ
˿񱩵Ĺгһʱ󣬰˾칬Ĺ⻪ڵɼˡ
Ұг˾裬˾칬ʧζħҪˡ
˾칬㺮칬һȼ˾칬ľҰҲʲô˿𻵵˾칬ڵħš


531 ħٳ
䣡
һƴĺ𣬰˾칬ΧֳױǸ޴ĹҲ֨ѽһ˿
ӡˣ尡
˭˭ģ
ֻҪˣ˭ɱ˭
ֻţؼˣ϶Ǵ󲹣
ҵҪ󲻸ߣֻмɣ

Χڰ˾칬ڶʿһԶĳŰ˾칬г˹ȥ飬û˻òȥ
䣡
˶ӵʱ򣬶ȻӰ˾칬бһԶĵɱƵˣ޷
춯أЩδʿɴǿ׷˳ȥ˶һѪڣһǺѪ
ֻţˢһ˫ۣһͭţۺݺݵصŰ˾칬ˣĵ¯лδħδٸҿɱ⣡
Զ˶еһľЩһС޾ĸо·ʱɥƵġ
ͷţȻǻģ궼ȥˣȻûԶв˶Сš
ӺͲ˸ɫǸղŶŷҰԣһʥ;Ĵ˵¯ħǲòš
ֱڴ
߷Խһ£ҿûܵҰļȻĻҪǿ˷ųħͻᱻǣµĴҲǸܹˡ
ЩղŶŷҰָļһﶼһĵͷ­һֻǰ棬ҪǽħͷųĴ½ͻȫΪʷ
˵ĿⶼҰмɵҲо壬ղŷҰֱԲΪϹųħؽҲ۷
Ұȴ˲ˣֻЩĵŰ˾칬棬Ҳ֪Ƴ˰˾칬ķӡ֮󣬻᲻԰¯еǸȪħӰ졣
վԶңңͷţֵǰ񽣣նħͷϣ԰ﵽǰ
ӵǺܻʱʱ֪ţֻҪͷţй¶ıͲԿˡ
ţĺߵˣղҪƷӡİɣǱǸС޲Զˣ
ţ˵ǸСޣȻǷҰ
ףǱô˵һȥˡ
ǣ˵仰ţɲҶţ֣вҲȫĵˣ˿ұ¶
ͷţûлΣȴǸʥ;ĴֻҪԷ˳ۣһˣҲûκΰ취
ȻħɻڷҰԺ𣺡ͷţʥʹԲʿδͻƵ񾳽磬Ϊܹ
ҰҲƣ֪ʿΪԽߣԪҲԽͷţ꣬ȴȻ۷״̬δκֱ̬顣
Ƭ֮ħֵԭӡ˾칬ʱ䣬ð˾еʱ䴦ȫֹ״̬¯еʱȴδӡסԴͷţ¯κζԽͷţʱ侲ֹʵΪ˾칬ķ֮һѾĲ񶼸ˣ
ҰһƣǸڵʿδͻƵԲľ磬ҲħеСˡ
ã˾ǲ㻤ֲǷΪ˰¯еṩڻ飬¯еĻ涼ʼˣҸоǻȪħѾˣȻħڷҰԺд˳г˼С
Ұŵþһ亹˴ͷʥͼţػҰҲ֪ţǷֵסʲôȪħ
Ұæѯʵûʲô취Բȣ
ħͳĵ˾칬ķӡƣ޷ٴηӡˣǻȪħѳɶ֣˭Ҳֹˡ
ħѾľ磬ȼ𣬲ֻҪһʶд棬ڼ̵ʱҸȼ̤۷壡
ҰһɬջסȪħĳֶǿǹһ
˾칬ּ꣬£Ȫħ˵Ѿˡ
ˣڤħˣȪħҲƷӡĩҪ
䣡
Ȼ⻪˸İ¯ʼҡһ˿˿ɫħӰ¯н˳¯һζ
¯еѳʧ
Ϲڰ¯֣ҰԼɼһͷħץǵϹ⣬ԼϹΪڷĳŰ¯ķӡ
ԶҲ˰¯еһɫҰס
Ҳ֪ԼˣȻǻûй¯ʣ¯ڵǹ˰˾칬ġ
ڵЩûҰˣȻ˰˾칬ǲ㻤֣ȴûеõκκôƳħķӡ
ûкҩҲ޴ֻͷţԽ𼴽Ʒħٷӡˡ
ֻţһʱ֪ʲô飬ţ侪ңſ³һȦһ˰¯ϣ¯ٴȶ
ԶսڶѾ׹ˣ˴ûţڸղһоͻᱻȪħƷӡʱȻͿ̿
һȺСӣ˴үĴ£ţŭһɨԶһۣȴ¯ΨִӻȪħг
Ǹƴ󣬹ס˰¯֮¯ٶˡ
ҰĬƵӡɫ⻪˸Լ͸˰¯֮е飬ɫѿ
ǸȪħڼǽǼϹⶼˣһιһ
ţܷٴסȪħҰûκεġ
䣡
Ȼ¯һ춯صľ죬¯Ȼ¯Ǳһ߷ɣϲɫƬĻȪħһ
ˣ첻ңСţɣȪħЦ죬ǵ貵ļϹ⣬һĨϹٻƴ޾Ĵḥ̂ţѹ˹ȥ
ţȪħ׺Ƭ̾ʹӰ¯г˳ǱȪħļϹȴ˻Ȫħ
ţٻؽѹµǸĥײһţ˺󣬱һѪڡ
Ұ΢΢ħѾ˵ˣţʥʹԲʿʿڻȪħֵ¾Ȼû˿֮
⻹ǸƷĻȪħôô
䣡
Ȫħ˫һ飬޴ɫĥʧһ˵ĵľ޴С
СӣҵĴ£ɱڻȪħĿ£ɫ㴩ʱգֱŷҰ˹
ҰκηӦбΪ촷ۡ
һĻ˶ˣû뵽ţķҰȻһоͱˡ
ֻǷҰһҰıĻҲǺͷ³
ǸȪħҲ£ĹͷţϷٴμ˽ֱȪħͷ­


532 ˫ʥսħ
ȪħӶеļϹ⣬ΪһĳǹŽȥ

һ̶ĺ𣬽ǹ˳ȥȪħҲ˼
Ұɫ΢䣬ոǻȪħ֮ʱΣգǸͱȪħĳ
Ȫħӡֱ֮꣬飬ţʥʹԲʱҲѹƲס
Ȫħϻ˭赲
ȪħĿ⴩͸գٴζ˷Ұϡ
Ұ΢ǶƵӡϧ޷ȪħȪħǿ
Ȫħȫںɫħ֮У֣һԻаܹ˵ɽȥĮĵСӣȻѧ˵һ֮Ҷƭˣҿôߣ
Ȫħƾջûһֻ޴ƣŷҰĵطץ˹ȥ
Ұɫ䣬ȪħһﾹȻԼ
룬ҰֱӽͭӼ˳ȥ赲Լǰɢһɰʥ
飡
޴صͭ棬ͭӵѿ
һʥڻȪħһоͻΪ촷ۣ˶еľ
ܵҰſһѪ֮˳䵽һԡ
һħôôǿƣ
ϴ󣡡СھһڷڷҰԣ˫ѾС
Ұס߰˼ĲȱʥֻҪȪħٴγ֣еһѲȱʥͻڵһʱ䶪ȥ
Զ˶еһľһ񼼾ȻڷҰϣǻ֪Ұʲôʱõһ񼼡
ǸղȻ˷Ұڰ˾ʱҰֵľһˣı˰У˲
ҰҪ˭ֵĻղھѾһʬˡ
ȪĶңţһ𣬻Ϊһͷţǵ꣬ף˿ֱϣһīĻĳŻȪȥ
䣡
Ȫħͷţ꽻һ˸˺˾칬ھҡβѡ
ҿǰ˾칬ڣѹסһգĻƬضᱻ˶ֵನ
ʥʹԲսû˸ҿһٵԶսɲǿԲֵġ
ҰСҲ˺󣬲ֵط
˲û·ǶףȪħʤˣӵԶҲ³ţʤˣǾ͸ûбҪˡ
ʥͺĴսɲһܹģٲ뿪֮⣬󲿷˶Զۿ
ȼʿսδԹӰ죬ֻᣬǶ
ҰСҲûȥΪңԶĵطۿţҰϵڶ࣬ɻ飬ֻҪǱȪħ˲նɱаտӵóȥ
ֻᣬ
Ȫħڲ۷ʱڣ㲻;ƿݣҲʵ𣬶ʥ۷徳ţҲû취ѹס
ţ˫Ŀн࣬Хһϳǧһڱ֣֮ӣʱ䶼ǴǵصĳȪħ
Ȫħ˷ҰԼĵĥصĴḥֶ̂üϹǹţɱ˹ȥ
ţȪħɱȻ죬Х񷣬գֵ֯Ȼսʤ˻ȪħرȪħѹ·硣
ţԽԽ𾪣ȪħȻԶԶδָȴûֽ;ƿݵĸо
ңȪħڼϹշǳĴ죬ûмκĲϣǶüϹ⣬ܻΪʵĶóڵոɲ⣬ȥĻţҲס
ˣ
Ȼ˸Ÿճɨ񷣬ԶΧ۵ɨһƬѪ˳ɽʯ뵽˵صס
ȪħƱøǿˣִ̧һƬʱţ˳ȥ
ţŭХ϶æ

һɾ޴ˮںɻиŵֻĴųˮųâջΪһŹǵ꣬һǱųâһȪħ
Զ˶еһͷƤ飬رǸղŻҪţЩˣƣЩڳԵ˶͵͵ˣƬҲȥˡ
ֻҲʥʹԲǿߣţѹ˻ȪħʱҪٸǼƽϵĻҲֻˡ
ֹǣղųڵǼʿ˿ȥ
սеˣҰҲƽ
ڻȪħǿҰᣬ¯зǵûȪħ˼Ϲ⣬ڻȪħ䲻۷壬ȴҲǷǳʱ
ʱƣҰķֻȪħѹҲûôǿˣȪħܵħЩɢҵķš
Ұ΢΢£˹ķӡҲǶԻȪħûӰ죬ȪħղŵҲƣǶĳط
ʱһãȪħҲ޷ڱ״̬֮С
¹˭֣δ֪
ҰɫϲСһۣٴζ˳дսļˡ
ȪħҲ˷ˣӵҲͣԶһ˸󲿷˵ĿȻͣڻȪħеǼϹϡ
ȪħˣδκеļϹ⣬Ҳûȡ
ң˾칬ҲȫǱ¯ɻءơȵȵȣһʥıۼȪħˣǶԵ
ҰڼϹ⵹ûʲôˣڤħ֪ڵĻȪħ˶ٱھ³ֵ£Ҳ޷κεڤħ
ȻţΪȾҪߵö࣬£ҲԽȪħ¡
ȪħôɱǵҲɱˡ
˴ս֮¡춯ִ򼤵˶Ѿ޷еˡ
ҰȫƵӡ˫ĿȫɫҲֻܿţѾ˰˾⡣
䣡
һѰ촫֮ļս޾˺ѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬һħӰŹħ
һħʥ
ʥͺĴս̫ˣ񷶼һѷ죬ȵµʥ֮ٻҪƴĪʥ;ǽǴսʱ򿪵ѷġ
ڤڴˣκθҴߣħȻЩȴ͸һɽӵƣ˿ţꡣ
ʥʹԲ
ҰھѾһʥʹԲǼȥĻǲħ廹ʥʹԲ
ţҰ뵽ԱţڤǲĪɽϼ
뵽Ұ΢˿²ЩӦöȪħ£Żʱ̹עȪħ
ĻҲô졣
ȪħҲûʣ¶ˣȻղǵѷоħʥˡ


533 Ȫ
ڤ˲˾ͲˣţХһеĻתۻΪɽСŰڤħʥԴȥ
ڤһгһɵаһ춯صХ˿õӭţ
ŰڤţֵʱеǱգ˲䵽˻Ȫħʥǰ
ͬʱ˫ڱ󻷱̫Ȼһһ״ķӹܲ˷ĵС
иգҲŻȪħնɱ˹ȥѹ嫡
¡¡
кִŽʱƬն״򱬣ڵɽѿ֣Χ˲òٴ˺
ۡ
һɢĴգļʿնһѪлǾʿҽжδ
ԶۿȫɫҰףֵȼսǿģﲻǵĵ˵һضѾˡ
ʥʹս룬عȫңѾܹˣֻܿĹâ䣬ֻ޴ĺ
ﬣ
ǱӴսе䣬ֱֱ˾ǰĵϣ⻪Ŵ֮Ѫ䣬ѹĲ

һ촫ڤħʥеɶأͷ϶һȭͷСĴţһС
ţٵĴյص˰˾칬ϣҵİ˾칬һҵĶ
ȪħӰҲ˰Уҡҡ׹
˫ĵ쳣أȪħΪʣ޼ţȻ޷ѹ
ȪħĮĲȥǺɫѪţ꣬ĮȻҲ㲻ǲΪϣɱңҾǣ
Ϲ⣬ͬһڻȪħεʱػû񷣬Ȫħеħ
ˣɣ
𣿡ţߣһۣһӵķͬʱѪ
ˣ
˾칬ȻдɽзǻȪħѹȥ
ڤħʥһյƣƹХڰ˾칬·

Ļ棬ڰ˾һûֹܼȥͳ׻ΪޣǸҲһӱѿ
ܵڤħʥſ³һħѪϢЩɢҡ
ȪħŭХһܼϹȫƬſÿһƬΪһֻ֮ϳһ޴Ĵֱ֮סѹİ˾칬
ȪħҲƬ̣ͱ˾칬Ұѹɽ֮ϣ˾еĸ˲临ĥŻȪħܵĹħ
Ұһ⣬Ȼ²еһ˾칬Ҳһ㺮칬һеĵУ֮ĻȪħס
ȪħһڽϹ븹УȫɫƬʼɢһɵϹ⣬һӶȭͷһȭȭ˾칬
˾칬ϾǱƿأڻȪħĺ¾Ҳţ˾칬ɢɱҲܼˣȪħϵĹħĥš
䣡
Ȼ˾칬ӿֳ޾һƬɫĻɽڡ
˶ΪǻȪħƷˣʱ򣬾ͼһɷӰڰ˾칬֣ݣȴ͸һ徲ΪϢ
𣡡˶ͬʱ
ҰƵӡ˿ҪӰǵı壬һ߻
ӰѹǸ̫ħķѹ࣬˵Ҳǵµһ
һҰҲ΢΢˿Ҳ˺֣۷ʥͣһڰ˾칬֮С
ԣǵһƷѿڶҲϳ߷ǵı塣
죬ӡҲÿ˵ɫƽ
ʱ˶֪ҪõϹǲˣѾĶǵõˣҲˡ
Ѿ䣬òĴУҪĶԼĶҲô׵顣
Σ顭һƻõԶĿж¶һ˿ɫȫãڵˡ
ҰѾ۷壬һָо֮аٷ֮ٵİտԽԲ磡
ΪøǿԳȹԲ磬ԴﵽԲ۷塣
ŵһ֮ǸȪħϵħǷˮ㷭ȪħҲһŭĴϵħɢš
ҰԼһЩЩħǻȪħ֮ԴЩħĥȪħͱᱻ
ңģ˹ĵħֱͬĻȪħıԴ
⼸ķӡûнȪħĻĥȪħʣıԴ
ȻҲûϵȪħշҪļϹ⣬ȫ˻ȪħڻȪħϹԼڣҪҲס
ȪħżϹϵĺŰ˾칬ĵ࿹⣬Ĳ𶯣
ڻȪħ࿹ʱţҲǸڤħʥɱ˹ȥ
˴һˣİڤħʥѪըһһĴѪ޲
֮ĶԿ̫ǿˣںţڵɽϲҲֹѿһѷ죬󷨶ѿ
ҲΪ󷨱ͲԵʣȻĻĻȪħ͵һƷ޷
𽥽ռϷ磬ȪħѪƴɱ
䣡
ڻȪħĶԿУ˾칬صĺڲϣ˺ѿһѷ졣
Ȫ㣡һĮ𣬴ѷгһʮ㱦ɢһϵϢصײڰ˾칬ϣһ춯ص졣
Ұ΢΢һݣ̫ħ̫ħʮҲˣ˵̫ħˡ
̫ħɲͬڱӡĻȪħڤħ̫ħΪ۷״̬ǽ뵽֮Уµһס
ħڶԽ뵽ָ֮ʲô
˾칬Żѿһѷ죬ȪħûӰ˾칬˳ֻϢ쳣ľ޴Ȼ״̬ǳá
Ȫħֱ֮ӴѾ˵İڤħʥû뵽Ǹδֺϵմѷ֮С


534 
˾칬׷ȴʮٴסײ֮죬ײƵģǧɫʷš
ʮɢź嫲ãӿ޾ǧɫʰ쵣λãε˰˾칬ǰ棬ð˾칬׷Ȫħ
ɽŽڶʿմ֮ˣҺ
ڻȪħ֮ʮҲû뵽Ǹѷ֮Уʲô鶼ûзƵġ
Ұ΢΢˿̫ħ޷뵽֮УһƷֻܽԼȪħ
Ȼ˵Ȫħ˸еźǵȴҲΪȡ˷չʱ䡣
ǰδеķչţŲΪͻͽʱգδûħһƴ֮
ҰȻ뵽̫ħ󳾵ĶԻ̫ħ˵ڴ󳾳һ̣ûеͶ󳾳֡
ЩħǽеʿҰлȻǳ˷ŭ
ʿΪʱħЩǿļһﻹмڳ֡
Ұ²⣬ΪΪԽǿʿħĺôҲԽħŻȵеʿɳ֮ٶ֡
ħҲչĿռ䣬Ұ룬ֻҪеʿܷǿħӡҲǲܵ飡
ţҰ̾˿޾ħ彫ʿȦȴ˿Դ
˿ħҲɵгֹǿߣȻڿг̫飬ǰ벽顣
ڶʿʱħ嶼յ͵ϮڵǱ̫ħ͵Ϯġ
֮⣬֪жپž֮Ϣˣͽſ̾
ħ˻ãĥħսʼձħ׵λ
Ϊ˼ϹϧϹⱻǻȪħˣиʿź̾ϢҰ˼ʵ
˶Ϊ˼ϹڼϹѾȪħ˺ûκΰ취ˣ϶¶Щʧ
в˵Ŀٴζɽϵİ˾칬˾칬еǵӰƴ͸һ徲Ϊĵ
ţ֮еһЩС˼Ҳǿѹ
ʥʹԲ˾вҲֻܸɵۡ
Ҫŭ۷ʥͣǾϴɾӵͶ̥ɡ
˲֪ȥʱ򣬺Ȼ˾칬дһ翵ǧԵ߷ɵ֮
£Ұͼ˾칬еǸӰʧճײ
˾⣬뵣Լɼţ»Ϊ˱壬ţڰ¯ϣˮظΡ
˾칬ԽԽģ·ʱնˣب˲Ϣ佻֯һ𣬸һּŹֵĸоȴҲ˾칬еľ
䣡
һ޴ĺɽû뵽˲ħɽ֮С
ɽʧʱ򣬴ɽ֮ͻأĳʮ⣬ÿһһţ޷̽ʲô
˵ı֪˭һڶʿȫһ˹ȥ
뵽ղŰ˾칬дһ˶ǵ˵ı˭ܵõԼĻԵ
˭õʲô𲢲ᡣ
ıʧʷ֮У˾칬еҲµһԶԶû˵Ӧеܡ
˸ʩֶΣеڷס񻪣еļ״ﶵϹ⣬еֱӻȡ׼һŵɫ⣬ҪΪС
ãɫŻԶߣиڵʿȻûϵֵıﻹԼߡ
һɫ⻪Ǹʿߣֱû뵽˲ħɽ֮УʧӰ١
ʿҪץϹʱȴָ޷ɫŵĸһɳǿƽֱͳء
ˣʣµҲвץסɫֱɫߵģЩղһҪץϹʱ򣬶һش˳ȥ
Щ˵ǰƣ˳֮ʱҲһЩٴˡ
С׵ץסһţҡ˼£Ǹеı¶һƿƿһŴߵƵɵ
ɵ֮УҰѾϳŵҩƷҩеĲɵ
ɵƷһɵŶ컯ֻҪδŵҩͿ˲ָ۷״̬
Ȼ׹ǣҲؾۣ֫Ǳɵ
һֻ̤뵽˹Ź֮Уӵ˲ɵҲܹ
ҰĿֵҩǼƷСֱﶼԵõԿɼЩɫеĶȫֵǣ
ѹЩ֮߶ͷģؼĴԵû˰Եõֱ
СٳֵʱҲǸ˳ȥ
ÿֻܳһΣ
Ұδų֣˫Ѿױɫ޷ɫţȻԿš
ȵҰĶ֮󣬷Ұڵֱ֮
̫廪ɵɵƷҩټ𹬵ơ֡λȱȫʥǿķķĳ졢ʥĶϣȵȡ
ֱǲƱãҰۿȡһʥȡһ𣬿õɵȡ˲𹬵ƣȵȡ
ÿ콾ջ񣬶һķᡣ
Ұһȸʥҩɫ֮Уȡ
Ұ뽫ȸʥҩĿͻȻתƵһ֮С
ɫ֮УûйλõҲûۺ𣬸ûɵҩǰһƬӡŴĵĹƬ
ڿƬ˲䣬Ұɵ̽ƣϴһε֮·ռ䶼֮С
ҰץסһһҪӷҰߡ
ûҰ̾һ֮ǿƬնסˣһɴƣסɫ⻪
Ұڵ֮Ѿңץסɫţûзʲô
öƬոճڷҰУҰֱӽƬ뵽ƿռ֮С
ȻڷҰ޷ƽƬã֪Ƭ϶ϵɲ˶֪Ƭϡ
˿֪ܲƬļֵҰҲðգڹƬδȫֳʱ򣬷ҰͿٵ
в˶ŷҰأϧȴ˿巽Ұȡʲô
Ѿ˺üƬƬˣÿһƬǳ޴칬ħסħɽȵȣȸʥҩڸǰҰҲԥѡƬ


535 նɱ
öƬ͵ĳȴûбֳκε֮
ҰɲСǣұ¶ǰ֮оܡ
Ұ֮µ˵Զ
Ƭ̵Ĺ⾰зʮŶʧӰ٣ݵݣյıա
õĹȻϲδץסȫ쳣в˶ʼɫƵĶõЩˡ
СӣղŵõǼ󲻴иڵʿסһò꣬Ȼû˵ģ˼Ѿˡ
ڵʿղɫŵʱˣһûеõŶ˴ٵ˼
Ǹò٣¹û۸ˣ˾͸۸ˣٲߣҲ
꣬¹ơ
Ǹڵʿɫף֪Ҵˣ¹ӵĺǣҲһ
ǸɢޣԴ࣬ҲеҪһҪԷеԴȴû뵽˹ơ
¹ڼڤҪǵ¹Ļ¹˻ڼ̵ʱڳĴ½
¹ħޣȻħȫͬ·ȴ飬ֻҪ˸ҵ¹Ǿǲݵľ档
뵽¹Ը˵Ŀ£ڵʿջЦԭǹ˹ӣֻ˵˺ãõһʥЩĽû˼
˵꣬ڵʿרŹƹ˹֣˼
¹һҲڵļһת뿪˴˴
ϾҲǸڵǿߣҪŭһԺΪԼ˳ԼҲѾȥˡ
ƿûаտսʤ˾ڵǿߣոյõһʥҲûκλᡣ
ǸļһǸͷ׵ɢޣղųĶʵ̫ˣɲ׷
ɢĴ½ɢޣӡͻҶǶʿûбػʿûŹ
ϼһ۾תһ˷ҰϣΪղŲûп巽Ұյʲôȴܾ÷ҰĶԲ
ϼһҰǰ׻ûУֱӵСӣո㵽׵õʲô㲻
Ұܸɴһ
ϼһղڹһӻң׼û뵽ҵԼϣҰͲˡ
ҿžô۸
Ұа˼⣬ϼһҲǸ漣鷳˵͸ˡ
ϼһҷҰ鷳¶һ˿Ц⣬֪Ұ֮һɱ˲գۣϼһҵ˷Ұǿߵˡ
ƻԼ׳ҰɲᣬǼ˷Ұֱһȥˡ
ӡ졢ҲžƵķչûκβֵ˼Ҳϼһ֣Ұǿʲôز
βħɽ֮УȻû˵õϹ⣬ǵõĶҲֵǣ֪ǵϹⲻܱʿȡ֮Ҳû̫ʧ
оƵ˷ҰҲˣվԶֻĹš
ЩʶҰ֪ͷҪùˡ󲿷˻ʶҰܸоСֻһʿ츳ٸߣھʵǰҲ³
еѾϧĵͽ׵磬ĳɾϧҲ̫ʢˣȻҳײҪ֤콾ˡ
ǸڵϼһҰ֮󣬵ɫˣּ̧һŭСӣҾͽ̽ϾͣĴָ͵ѧˣ
װʲôװֱ˵϶㲻ҲùˣҰмЦһוּһ³Ǳ쵶â˸£ɢһ˵ħĳϼһһȥ
Сӣ㻹һ֣ϼһеŰ׳˲ֻǧâŷҰǵصն
Ұһе쵶ӰڻӰ˸嵶ںηƺпռж˵޴ڡ

һײϼһ﹥ǧâȫҰ¡
Ǹϼһ΢΢¶һ˿أСӣ㵹ǻе£ɾվУҾ֪ģ
˵ţϼһȫëжǸֳһ죬Լһ֮תնѹһ󲨶
ת֮䣬ϼһͻһɶ֮ɵĴ֣ŷҰͷȥҪѷҰ
Ұֹİϼһ֮ڤϵҪ̫Զˣǲ̨ӳƵģ˲ֹһΡ
ҰƲƲ죬е쵶ڲһѤô۵âٵĴֻ޴һ
䣡
ֻ޴ûκ赲ıն˿ΪؾʧڰС
ϼһﻹھʱ򣬷Ұ쵶Ѿǰ
ϼһƺûϵҰٶȾȻô죬һӱ˸ֲϳ˾ɫгæء
ҰȥƲһǰһնϼһĳ֮ϡ
һ׸߼εֵסʥ쵶

һ֮ΪһƬ
ǸϼһȻæ֮иֳһǰ档
Ǹȱʥûپڽ죬ظܵһвҲ޷ȫС
ڣϼһ׹ǰСӱոҲĹƻҪݣҪǿ
ס֣ⶼᣡᣡԸ⳥ϼһ￴ŽߵĵâĽ˳ǲ
ȻᣬȥɣҰ䣬еû˿ͣٵĻա
ۣ
һͷ­ɶϳ˾ֺͲţԶҲû뵽ԼȻôңһڵ˼о͸ˡ
֪ôǣǸʮӣҲҴ˵鷳
ûкҩһжˣһʶҲҰ÷飬׵Ļɢ
κҪԼˣҰκ֣ϼһڳֵʱ򣬾͸뵽Լ³
ۼҰ֮ھǿն˸˶еЩ˼飬Щ콾ҲһҰΪͷŴС
ҰΪӦڣԽն˸ڵʿһǿ󾳽磬ôɾ䣬ǶЩɵ
΢΢üͷɱˣ̫ðɣ
Ұһ䣬ݺݵضڷϣĵĻ죬๼ҽ컹ɱˣҪ𣬾ԣ
ɫ΢䣬뷽Ұսһܹ񽣽Ұˡ
뵽ҰղնɱһĻҲЩģҲûаտսʤҰ


536 콾ؾ
ڷҰӻ˽ģֱҰϱȻſԵֵסܵȴ֪ʲô
˵ɱҲûɱҲҰĸɴ䣬ڼ֮ھһûսʤҰ
ҰƵĻüͷһ壬Ҫȥ
һƮڷҰͷм䣬˫˹֣Цλ֮ǵĴħ壬ϣλԻɸΪ񲯣
ҰȻĹ˹֣Ȼֳ棬ξ͸ָӡ
ӵɫЩѿ棬Ҳ¿Żﹰ˹֣Ҳʲôɱ˲ˡ
˾칬ɽߣɽڵĵطҲ벻ħɽطһڴڲħɽԭ򣬴˴Σոࡣ
ʯͷϵ÷ڣһռʱʱ֣Ϻɫ׵ž䣬񱩵Ŀռ
ȥˣλڣ񽣣˹˹֣żʿ뿪˴˴
θڶǿҲЩջһЩǿ˸ڰ˾칬еõĺö
˾칬ߣҲȥջҲ׷ȥ
ħɽȻҲЩöЩʿûпУҲûʱΣյĵطϹңԶѡȥ
ݺݵضŷҰƬֿ̣˿죬һҲ˳ȥ
ɱҰǶõ޷ͻ
̫죬ҰҲ񻷣κһûգҲֻԺٱˡ
ƵҲȥϹŵЦݣЩ죬ܹ˹֣֣֣֣֣ӣЩҲûˣĴ½ۣҲԵǺúþ۾۰ɡ
Ұ΢΢£Ҳá
ۿȪħսҰѾаտͻƵԲ磬ٵͻȥģ룬ҲֻʱѺˡ
ηҰõһ񼼣ҲҪʱ
ңСڵõһöɵҰڲħɽеõ겻ݣϸоһСڵõöɵҰҲаտƳ
ʱֻöʱѺˡ
峾÷ҰЩȣǵõ峾ûսһλʮλ콾սû뵽峾ˡ
Щ˶콾ĸ콾ڲ콾УҲ콾ĵӣ˴֮ҲЩ顣
Ŀ˷ҰһۣһҰһӣ룬ջǳŻ˵ͷ
峾˪ܻ˹ЦҸҲǲʶȻλڣξۻã
СڸŷҰ˪Ӹ峾Ҳûʲô
ﳯ峾ȤȻѾ˪ӽٳɷҵȡ
˪ӱ϶һ˿Ц⣬ĵʦ־ͲҪȡЦˣʲôŮҲ
һЦ·ⲻħɽҲûʲôöˣҩ˵ЧҲûʲôˣ߰ɣ׼˺þдλ
һ˶֮ӣʧȥɽصĲħɽһЩΣͶ첻κӰ죬֮ǾѾӲħɽ˳
ڻĴ£Ǻܿ˲ħɽǸˮǡ
ˮǷҰѾһˣﱻĪɽƵ˲ħɽ֮С
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ǻĴ½ˣɳҲ棬ɳǾȡ
ɳϢҰȻ뵽ɳϵϼԼʲô
ֱ˸ղ˵ǰ棬ֵղλ˵ɳɳôģ
һ˼æվЩŵıȭԭǻӵˣǸղҲֻģϣӲҪϡ
˰֣Ҳýţ°ɡҸղ˵ɳɱ֮£Ҫ˽һɳôģʲôʱˣ
ҰҲĿע⵽ϣ㷽Ұ²⣬Ҳ޷϶˽ʼĩ
иɳ¾ǰҶġҶҲǱϹϢ֪ΪΣ;רȥ˻ûиϵħɽɳ˶սɱʱɳҶն
ҰаԵ˵ͷڵ֪ɳϼʱ򣬷ҰͲµҶˡ
ҶˣҰҲ˽⣬һȫƾϲãרռԴ֪ϼɳУֲŹ֡
˵ҶˣǷҰɳĴʵĻҰҲֵġ
˵ҰǸҶԸҲЩƣֻҶԸƫԵҰԸƫ
Ҷԭ΢΢˵ͷҶҲм̵ӡ
ʲô˵õ˺һƣǲҪҺȾƣȻһۻھ¥÷ҰһϤĸоҶ
¥е˶ɫ𾪵ſڴͼһߴӢΰ룬˫üޣֱ֮һ֮ơ
Ҷ
ҶȻڸ˵Ŀȴ˷ҰϣĿżս⡣
ôܣҰȻĻ˹ȥͬ
վм䣬ЦҲʦֵˣûʲôޣҸ棬֮ȷһţҳҵĺһơ
Ҷδ˵ʲôҰҲһ˲¥ȥ뵽һ伫İ֮С
κζȫģЩ黨ݣװεĹɫ㣬һƷζ
£ϣһ߼̰ﷴóһƺԼƱ˾Ʊ
ոյƣ˱㶼ŵһƢľ㣬ȵĸо֯һ𣬸һֱĸоζ֪ѵõơ
Ұǰһʹĵþƣ
ȵϢ֯һ˳žɢ֫ٺ·ȫƮƮƶˡ
ҲԼǰƣоƱһζ
˶Ʒһ⺮һƵζ̾ţﵭЦǫš
ҶԼԼһƣһ£ѯʵǶΪ˼ϹȥռϹ˭У
ͷҰһۣҡҡͷ


537 ħ
ô¶Ҷ˺档
ҰһǴӲħɽ뿪ıȽһˣ뿪ķӡˣҲֱӻص˸֮Уħɽз黹δ
ҡҡͷЦǶˣǼϹǸնħųģϹѾȪħڻȪħƷʱ򣬱ˡ
ȪħƷˣҶüȻϢǳ𶯡
ɲ𾪣ħǿ൱Ĵڣ̫ħһʹ˶ûл֮иħͷƷ⣬ĵ׶Щء
Ϊ˵йذ˾칬鶼˵˳
˾칬ƣȪħЯżϹسţ۷ʥ֣̫ħ֣Ȫħߣϸϸĵ˳
Ҷ֮󣬳˿ɫЩѿĵЩħԽԽˣҶħҲ˽⣬Ȼħÿʮ궼֣û
ɫ΢ȵĵŶҶֲ˵˵
Ҷ΢üͷʱ򣬼㵽ħֵҲħ屻ӡһȫħʥˣԶֵҪöܾ࣬ʱо֮䡣
˶Գ˼еĺѹǸӦǸħ飬㺮칬̫ħһڻȪħִӵķ¼ߣѾ֪ľħˣʱȷǷͬ
Ұ½иڤħҲƷȥˣǵһʥͳ֣½ҪѪϴ
˵ж¶֮ɫû뵽иħˣңҰˡ
⣬Ҳû뵽ҰȻһʥʹڣ˵Ҳһʥ
ѹַҰΪô죬ǻΪλʥ͵ԭ֪ҰΪȫԼܶģʥûκιϵ
쿴ˣ½޾ԭ֮УҲѹһֻħǰֻħҲڳӡ̫ɽԼһ˵̵ֻħٴηӡΨиеĺ֮˲֪Ϊֻţδȥ
˶һһħ
˪ӺȻڹѾˣħòҪɣ
ȫħһֱ˵ΪѪʳ𣿻Ĳɸ˵Ŀģ
һֱ˪˵ԣÿ˶ͷƤ顣
ħʲôʵĻҪ군
ħѾ飬е飬ȴֻʣһ񻹿ܻţĻʣһƷ⻹ôħ忹⣿
ָһ콾ɳħ
󳾵ڳ֮ʣ⵽ħĶ֣ħеĵһħ콾ɳĻ
黹ǳ֮ĺȻħ͵Ϯˣ˳֮ʱҪǾ͸ˡ
ҶüħѾʼˣʣµʱ䲻ࡣһô򵥣ӡиԶԶϲ֮⣬ȻħҪҲûô򵥡
˶˼Ҷ˵Ҳеֻз˶Դĸ򣬲ܹ޷ħ幹в
ͷ̫ɽҲֻƬᵽЩĴȷǱӡˣڶϵǿִһ·콾еħ·ÿ鶼·߹ϣ󣡡
Ұɵ뵽콾йϴԵ·˵һȱսħĹ·벻ȴڶȱǿµ֮ħս
Ұɣ·ϣ콾ǰħڶǿҲӦûнɱ콾
ܹħ콾еӱģĻҲϴһЩ
˵֮΢ͣ£ּһ仰ϣڹ·յ㣡
仰ﶼƽ仰ʲô˼˵ϣ˵˳ϣʲôϣ
ҲʲôϣϣģȻȱӹ·߹Ҳǰ·һ⡣
ЩģҲһ̸ʲô
ţ̸ħľ飬Ұն˸ħǸħ֪йħһЩϢħʮھ磬һЩľ콾ħϣĴڡ
ߵ콾־Լ磬֮ҲǾ콾ˣǲƳܴﵽ磬δػǣ
ڷҰ˱컹δͻ˵Ҳһɳ徢
ҰһʶĮĵʮֻ֪һ֮ʱϲְ֮Ǳ֮˵ܹʮҲȥҿ֮Ĳ˲ֹһ
Ұ˵һҲûӣҲ˵뿪̫ɽûʲôɱԡ
˶΢΢Щݣճ񼼰ɳ֮󣬾һµĶ֡
ңħеﻹʮ֮࣬࣬Ҷ峾˶еһɾ޴ѹ
Ҳֻռƣҵĳɾ;ԻᳬǿһֻȴЩ㡣
Ҳ֪Ұ˵ʵħĵ̱Ҫ̫ˣҲ֪Լǲûʲôɱԡ
峾ѩˣȻҲնɱһħᵽҰ˵ҰԺнʥ͵ѣҲӦʮеһˡ
˵鶼øӳˣҸʥԺ䣬һ˵ʥͣҰ湻Ұġ
ħʮȫֱ̬δ·Ĳߡ
СƲƲ죬Щһﻹûһʡ͵ĵƣ峾Ҳɱʲôʱôˣ
³ЦҲҪ̫ģħһҲŲͬĻ֣ħĸڲͬħʥ£ħʥЧڲͬ顣
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ڹ㺮칬мǻħ̫ħ£ĪɽǻȪħڤħʥ£ħʥڤħ¡
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ֻҪħڶǿ߲һҲûлᡣ


538 ͻԲ
˵ĵطͻˣħһģȵħЩһﵽҲûлᣡŵŷɣа쿡ϰȻ
ħʮ˵ѹҲǼĶǿ߻ʱܽ٣Ŭֻܱɱ
˱˴˽ħϢħ嶼˽ĸˣҲħѲǶеҪʵˡ
Ұʵ֪֪콾·ʲôʱ
ﵭȻһЦҪȵУһҪΪľܹУȻĻǾȥġҹƾǹ·ʱҲԶˣҲ⼸ӣϣܹڹ·յͷ
Ұ΢΢˵ͷҲ֪ԼҪҪʵս׾Ļ·ҲûС
ǸоħĻЩˣ峾ЦҶֱԲĵ˵ҶģɱɳĴ½Ů֮һĪӰû޳ȥ˻ѣ㲻ǿ˰ɣ
Ҷ˷ۣߵ䲻ң
峾Ϣһͣҡͷ㻹˵ĪӰɲǸƿҲﵽڵľ磬츳֮ǿҲȥ
Ҷ˪ӣֿ˿峾ͻȻ㲻ֿʲôĪӰ˰ɣ˪θ룿
峾һЦס˪ӵ֣ĵ˪Ѿˣֻһ䣬Щ飬ˣһӣ׷ʱҪ׷ǧ𲻺˼
˪˫΢죬ֵĿ峾һۣۡ
СƲƲ죬Ȼ˾䣺ҿ鲻
Ұ뵽峾õ˪ӷĵĲϲɵ¶һ˿΢Ц鵱Ҳһ˵СھȻǵãڣֵøСܡ
һеĸ콾ֶõڷϿдһ˴˶ջ
ۿ˵ȪħսԼ۷ʥ͵ĵҸоѾͻƵԲˣҪٵͻȥˣǣһ仰ƮȻȥ
Ҷ΢΢üͷ̵ļϼһˣҪȥ¡ˣҰҳһս
ʱ̣ҰɫȻӦҶҰû˿η塣
˶֪Ҷϵ壬һۣͨط쳣񣬵δҰܹȷҰ޵Уη̵ֽľ֣ҲǶô⡣
Ҷȥ֮峾˪Ҳȥ
ҰСҲͣŻﹰָǣСģĹ˹֣ŷҰһȥ
ŴħٽҪҵĪ⼸һﶼһ㣬Ҷ춼Ŵ˵ĴУҰ컯飬һӦϢܾ١ǸСи񻷣ѪҲˡ峾ҲҸеΣյ컯֮⣬н˪ӿ޺ҲҺܴѹҲõ촫Уÿ˶ܰϣʱһħ鳹׽
Ƭ֮󣬻ɫ£ŭСҲ̫صˣǺȾƣջǾƺʣµٽﺮһƶ˳ˣʲôҿкģ
Ұ֪Ѿ²ˣСһֱ뿪˽ˮǣԶ˹ȥ
ճţСھױƵóһĵϴ㿴ʲô
ҰĿ⻹δȥŵһ˿㴼ľ㣬ټʱϲĵһƣСаĺöƻõƶ˺ܴ»ֱˣ
Ȼҿˣҿɲ׷ŹˣСڽһ
ҰСֱ̤ƷۣСӾʥһѤϺ磬ʧߡ
֮󣬷ҰѾʮ⣬Ѱ˸ɽȽ
Ұջڶ࣬ҪҲаտͻƵԲ磬Ǹ񼼻Ǹȵͻ֮˵
СһԻҰɽ룬뵽ľ֮С
ҰڵľƹڷתںХԼֳӰҰеıׯϡ
糱ˮ㳯ŷҰӿ˹ɽȰŨˮ鶼Щ޶ĹɪɪЩΪǿҲ˹
˶֪ǿ׼ͻˣһԶ˹
ۿ˶ɽ٣ԼͻҲ
ɽ֮˶ɽٺǳЩɱԽ
˵ĹۿҰںȫ뵽Լĵ֮УתҰͨأصࡣ
أҰ޵Ĵ·ؼ䱾Դʹڵĵǧʥޣ˸е
Ҫϸȥȴʲô·Ƶġ
ʱƣҰֳܸһƬľֳһȻˮһɽƽض𣬷ХǳſһƬʵƵġ
ǷҰҪһ̬ƣڴÿһ缡ϴľӨ͸һǿܣƿ
֪ʲôʱѾһīĽƣƺǦһɫĽڽ޲ѹ
Χʿɵɫ΢䣬ȻԶΨֱ
꣡
ȻһɴϸĽ״Ȼѹ䣬֮վ飬ֻصƣ𷴿ͷ
ֽ׵ǿȣԶۿֲĵһЩֱһЩ׽ٻҪǿ
Ұˢһ˫ۣδͻƵԲ磬оԲͲһ㣬ֽ׵ĵǡÿֲһ㲻㣡
ҰڵȻһ壬һӭŽµķϣһȭ׺ƬƬѡ
Ұھƹת׵֮һڣĽѪͬΪԼ
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һ޵ĴɴҰڷ·ʲô͸һǿƣ·ΧȫƵģ
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539 
ҰͻƵԲ磬ȫⶼϴһ̥֮ЧΧܹЩףʱȻƵġ
ԲѾԹͨռ䱾ԴͶ֮䶼һմƣס
Ұƣǿ쳤Хһһȭһ޴ĿʵĹȫʧ
ҰƮȻ䣬һϮ˳Ⱦڷ٣Ƶͭɫļ˸صĹʡ
ҰһգǰնһӼ·һδסƵģһı
Щ׼ٵļһҰĴôֲ׽߳һ˼תͷߡ
ϲѽԲ磡ԱҲڹϲ
Ұĵлˡ
ûҰ̸ҰҲû˶˵ϻֱйСںС죬̤ƷۣԶȥ
ʦ㻹ղֽҿˣֱڻذҲ̫ƽˣСƷվţŷҰûڵ̾гĽ
ҰЦֽ׵ȷͬ죬е콾ɽٵʱҲࡣ˵첻ǾʹˣֽȻǿǶȹ֮õĺôҲʵľ޴ʦҵҲͨúУԼڵؿҲԶ׽١
С˷ܵĵ˵ͷŷҰҰ˵ԺĳɾͷǷԺԼĳɾͱȻ
ȻǰԼҲҪŬвС
ʦȻܹԼҲõ
ڣҰϾڲħɽеõĶ
һ֮ؾͲ˵ˣڴ˵еĶֵ֮
ֹе£ԼΪһģһķ˴һԸħ嶼ռܴơ
ֱװ
֮⣬ҰõĴʵʮ컯һ֣ؼҲֻһţֵҲͬ졣
ټϵȸˮ߹ѾõִʵŪִʵͼеĴʵ
ÿһʵж̺һִУҰȸĴѾĲˡ
ȸִУһȫ͸ˣͿɻΪȸϻ죬»ģȸȫӳپڻȸ߶ȸӡ˽ʮ
Ǵʵ֮֮컯Ҫöࡣ
Ҳִʵһ򣬹Ч죡
ҰѾۼִ飬ִ鶼һ𣬻иı仯
Ұ֪㲻ͻƵ磬ҲﵽԲ۷塣
ոͻƵԲ磬ʱʱ
ȵΪȹˣǴﵽԲ۷״̬֮ǲʱ
𣬷Ұٴóڰ˾칬ѡƬǡ
ǣǵһμˣϾͻƬһƬںħףһƬڳаƵĵ̯ϣһƬڹ㺮칬֮С
⼸ƬǳԵĵطƽķȻͬҲǳĪ⣬÷Ұ͸е
ҰкȻðŹֵͷЩǸòЩ֮İɣ
뵽СھͲǣҰоԼĲ²⻹ԡ
Ұ֪ڵ޷ƽǵܣֻʱǷƿռ֮С
Ұио⼸Ƭǵļֵ±һ񼼸ߣ
Ұڲħɽõ겻ݣƷһɵɵҩŶ컯Ҳ쳣
ǰǼȣͲ˲ֹһˡ
֮⣬ҰõĪɽʬ壬ħʬ壬ҰѾȫаտɵҩˡ
ҰûмŽĪɽʬóɵȼĴħˣħĪɽ֮
ħƵĵǾ֮ðᣬǻħʥܾˣҵڶ޷ϵ֮֮ħ̫֮֯ˣңҲҪһʱܹڵ֮
ǻħʥϵ֮Ұǲôں֮ǿվ˵㣬Լʵʵ
Ұڲħɽлһ򣬶ĸ
ʱʱҲΣ绯湥̬ȵȡ
򣬶쵶쵶ߴ޷һ
ڣҰĪɽԾʱ˽֮뵶У˸Ƥë
ֻҪˣҰԼܿܳա
Ҫȵɣÿһӳֵ֮Ŀռ䣬ʣȴʵڡ
еʱ򣬷ҰǷȱĽһʼ
˽֮쵶뷨Ҫ֮뵽֮УǾܹ֮ƾͻٶһˣ
ûϵͳĹҰֻܿԼˣԼĶʺԼĶ
ҰƷһŨɽͣչزˡ
ʱУҰδҲûоһ񼼣ǽԼȫ֮ϡ
֮ʱУҰվɽ뵽һֿľ֮УĻӶе쵶ϵĿԼУŽ֮뵽쵶֮С
º󣬷Ұڴµľ˳һնпռ棬Լס֣һնɱ
µıչأҰ֮⵽һĵز
ҰҲŽ֮Լľ֮УιʱҲһ˿յֻ֮Ҫ뽫֮ȫգҪܳһʱĥ޸ĲС
ǵҰѾԽ֮뼺һȭһŶε֮մƣǿ
Ұ˿֮ڵˣ˼ֹ
ʰԼ飬ҰСڿٳǸ˹ȥ
Сڻͣڣûʲôӡ
С죬ҲͣڣȻڴС˲٣ѾܹƳƷҩˣҳɫӣǸһǧĵҲк⡣
С뷨ҰҲС֪Լʲ֣Ҫȡøߵĳɾ;;ͼ죬뽫Լĸʵٺʵȵпܻ׵ߵľ֮С
СŬҰҲעѪ˿֣Ҫ٣ħɽֵطԴСǰȥҲҪСɲġ
֣Сӵ̫С˵㣬޷ңҰҲо֣СӲʺʺȥɱɱ
ҰӵҲͬҰ㣬С֣ʮʱ򣬾͸С֣ȥɱˡ
壬ĥѿɲС


540 ɽѪ
СϺ츳зҰṩҩˮƽĵҲܿ졣
Ұָ֮СһҪעĵطı仯ȵȣСȥˡ
ϴ󣬻黹û𣿡СŷҰѯʳ
ҰȻҡҡͷ̾Ϣڶڤħʱ򣬻ܵĴ̫ˣұΪͻƵԲ֮ͿûѵģҪȵҴﵽС
ﵽ磬˵һӶԴﵽ
Ұϵﶼв٣ڽ׾磬ûκεѹؼʱˡ
СڽҪʲôģҰָСνСڣԼٴνε֮ȥˡ
һǰõĲȫεõ񼼣ͨƪĵطȻʣҲӵڵΪ
ʱգȻԸΪʱ仹̫Զ
Ұ󲿷ʱ䶼˶ȸӡĸϣȸ˼̵⣬ʱɻȸϻ죬»ģʮ
Ұ޷Լõάڻȸ״̬֮УֻάּĹ⾰ǿΪɱʹá
ҲҰΪйأҰΪ˵̫һЩԶԶ޷ӳȸӡ
ȵҰȸӡʱѾǼºˣҰδĵӡľ֮˳
ײȸӡڷҰħӡҲżĺôħӡҲٴ˲٣ȵҰ֮뵽ħӡ֮Уħӡɳ
ʱãҰҲĶࡣ
յңɻһڵķײȸӡսֹ
ԷҰڵǶڵǿߣҲնɱ
㼶ϾڵǿߣҰҲһս֮ʤ㻹С
ҪǶϾڣǾֻ·ˡ
߳ҰֱħĪɽ֮ʱоһˬҰԼоԼ֮һЩ
ҰĪɽʬ˳СһԹۿƶĪɽʬ˼öҩ
Īɽʬ壬Ϊ֣Ұ׼ƷһɵĲɵˡ
ɵ̫廪һͬƷһɵҰܹƳ̫廪аտƳɵ
ɵĹؾǹڲһҩϣҩݿɱ̫廪ҪصöˣֻҪҵ˲ݣɵ̫廪Ҫ򵥡
ƲɵҩģЩͨǧݣҰƿռжУҲѰˡ
ֲɵ̫廪ҪƵö࣬ʱ겻ݾͱŲɵ
ҰСһţʣµԼˣСϻһŲɵǲٷָˡ
ҰСĴСʶ߹ɽԭޱ߲ݵأҽ
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Ұɫ˲СںСһ𣬿ǸСׯǰ
Ŀǲ֫ϹǣĸһأéưܲȱʬĹդϣżͷ­϶˾ֵı顣
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Ұгŭ𣬺޲ھͽǧˡ
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Ѫȵĳ棬û˿ԵһͨСɽ壬неĳɱֲҰ˷ŭ
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ҰֱóһŲɵιСкĿУСк۾գ˼£
Скô۾г˾ֵɫ۾ỨĴ޵үү̣ҪңħЩħ߿
ҰбʹĪḧСкͷ­ľСкָһЩɳʵӣ壬׷ʲô飬˭ǴׯµĶ֣һǴׯ𣡡
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Ұɵøеһʹ⻹ֻǸӣЩµȥ֡
СкʲôæƷҰдߴٵ壬ǿߣЩħˣǻûġ


541 
ҰһᣬСкҪˣ룬Ұǳܸж
ҰᱧСкǸбµˣЩħ˲ң㲻õģ
Ск˵ЩʲôȻһ͸оһ
ɵҩСкڻСкڹ죬ѵ˫۶½ϣظľ޴˿ڿٻָʧȥҲʼۿɼٶ˳
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ֵҩκж޼֮ҰȴԥĽɵʶСк£øСӾ塣
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬СкʧȥȾͿ˳ϵҲȬ׻ָ˹
壬һɣ껿ҴױһӶԸţ̷ңСкʹŷҰͷ뷽Ұ֡
Ұַ̧껣֣صĳŵҴӦ㣬ضΪǴׯ𣡲Ѫϴׯ˭ұضѪծѪ
СкһıʹҰֱǴͷ˸ؿӣСڡСһ𣬽ׯЩƲʬ
һѱһڴׯʹһ죬ͷų֮󣬷Ұִ˼ľ˹
ѵ˲䣬һӴ˸飬ŷҰٴΰݵһ߿ͷһ߿Ҵ죬Ҫѧ죬ȥɱЩħ
׵ȫɱˣȻ˹ȴȻǳʹŻıˣһ۵ļᶨ
ҰͲ鿴껵ʣ߱ľˮԣ̫̫߱ԣֻκԶ΢ӦȷҰκʶҪھԼһɱεĴ˼ʮ
Ժŵ˵ֱˡ
ĹŬҪϰٱҪһ˽ȵĿԶ΢΢
껵Ȼеǹɼᶨȴ÷ҰЩݣҰһգգĶ껿Ƭ̣ͷãӽԺҷҰĵӣ
УĲʣ껽ĳɾޣҰҲˣׯˣø߰ĺȥη
лʦͽͷˣæŷҰȥĿͷ
Ұεûȵ껿˾Ÿͷʱ򣬷ҰŽ
껻δ̤УҰֱӽȡһСز¹֦һ͸
С껶Сʦ壬ʦС졣ҰСںСܡ
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ҰǲڽеĹѯʵС껶Ǵﵽʲôħ˵һЩΪʦȥ𣡡
껷ߺ޵ĵʦĶͷǵĶħɫۼףǳķҵȾǱһħҧġ
˵ţ껻˵ȣоԼȸԼûʲô΢΢˿
˵ЩҰѾԼû⻹ħ嵽ˡ
СһԲڵΪߵʲôħ壿
ЩãȻĿ˿Сڣֿ˿Ұ֪˵
Сڻھ͸оˣ껻ûнӴн磬Ͳ֪ʲôʲô磬˵̫ˡ
Ұ˰֣ʵǴׯ˶ֶħ
룬ħģǻˣ
Ұ˵ͷƵӡĲ׽вЩħȻѾкüˣҰȻܹ׽˿˿ƵĲ
Ƭ֮󣬷Ұ̧ͷСڣȷħͷϢһǸ߽׵ħ壬ΪӦʦ£ʱķȥʱķһߣ׷ȥ
ҰֱӼƷۣ껴ƷۣСںСҲԶƷۡ
껳ǸСׯʹĻС첲ٴ۵С
ƷۻΪһʧԶ껻عͷȥϵˮСϳ˼㡣
ҰСƷۣСһѰħϢ
Ƭ֮󣬷ҰٴοһѪеĴׯһƬţûκεһ߾߲ȱȫʬ˵ĵڴׯУ˱ǡ
һѪϴĴׯ
Ұгŭħ廹治˵£൱ǵĿԵʱʹɱ¾
⻹Ǽħ壬ħȫмã
Ұú嫵ľСׯɨһ飬κ鶼ûз֣󶼱¾ĸɸɾ
ҰֱƵһɽׯȥҲСׯΪ
ŷҰǰУҰֱ¾Сׯ治֪һѾСׯȫ¾ĸɸɾκ鶼δ¡
ħѪỴ̄Ұڼʶˣȫ˵˿׼ŭ˷Ұ
ǰǧ󣬷ҰڸӦǰħ֡
Ұԥļٸ˹ȥҰδħӰ˳
ħӰʲôû˵ÿ˼һڳǹֱƷ۴ɱ˹
ǹĴ̳ǹ˲仯ǧǧǹӰҪƷû޾ǹӰ֮С
һʦڵļһڷҰûκѹ
ҰβƷû˿٣ľó۳ɵ񵶴ԽǧǹӰֱӴ˵üĴ͸
һ׹գɫѪҺȾ·ɽʯ
ҰΪħЩħ̫ײˣ˷Ұɱ⡣
ҰľӴޱȣ׾ͷǰһɽл۵Щħ塣
ɽеħ干ʮΪ͵ħ嶼ʦΪΪߵħѾ̤뵽磬һǸڵħ塣
յ˸ղħĴţɽеħ嶼վȿڷһ¶ѪĹ
ͷħͷܵ˷Ұղնɱʱ׺һĿ¶Ȼ֮ɫǸڵħڶɭĵ˭ɱħˣ𣿡
Щħ壬ͺ޵˫Ŀð𣬽߬סСȭͷҧгݵĵʦǣ
Ұɱ⼤ڷ裬ĵҰҲɱˣһҪ˶ˣ
ħɫһвҰµĿ·ȷ棬ħ岻֮ҪȴҲɱˣض²ֻ֣ҲǷҪɱ㡣ҪҰԣҰŹģ
Ҷ£ʲôҰҽҲ޻أҰŭһ֮ſʣȴħ嶼ڡ


542 ħ˼
Ұȫͬ˵򣬽ħ嶼ڳУ޷ƶֺ
ħ壬Ҳֻζ壬޷ķӦһĿж˾
ҰֱӴƷԾе쵶֣һɱոħͷ­ÿһȥһħͷ­ħѪȾ˰ա
Ƭ̵Ĺ⾰Ұͽеħ嶼նɱϣֱӶǸڵħѻꡣ
Щħ嶼ֻǲҰħ廹ǲΪʮǰ׼
һѻ꣬Ұ淢һЩصϢ
Ұȷ棬һСӻҰµľŸС֮һ˸СӶСӵʵ࣬ͬһлҵħ
Ұµһħһˣֻһ㶼ֻɽĴׯ֣ԲѪʳһֱûбĴ½еЩ֪
ҰעЩħķħĵص㡣
ϧʱЩħļжнƣֱӸըˡ
Ұ֪ħ岻֪ǴӺδģƽĵصҲֹһ֪Ҳ޷赲ħ彵
Ұǲǲ뵽֮ˣʮеأǲҲѾ˽뵽֮ˣ
Ĵ½ħӰˣ½϶ħӰ
ħԳ֮վ׽൱Ϊǲ֮еģΪͶʦ磬ȻޣȴǸеĸ֡
ȵħǿѣ
磬ûκεطԶܣ
ҰЩĻɽķңʱѹĵ׵˼
ѩܷܷҲ˼ʥ󣬾ħֻ֣Ҫħʥͽ٣ǷҶǸǡ
ʥҪƿҵЩʥҲô׵顣
ң½֮жв֣֮Խǿ½֣ȻᱻɽȥҲһǿϣʥҲӲѡ
ڵǰȵĺܣͨЩҰҲƽ
ѵͷҰҲҪΪһ¶ɱҰв𣬾ǷҰҪ顣
ڸҶͨ˳֣ٵħԽԽǿ󣬾ͻøſˣ
Ұնɱħͷǿе֪ħɵʿΪԽߣħԽ
ħһЩ鶼ȵͻƳʱ͵Ϯ˵Ѱħˡ
Ұҿ϶ħȻеĸų֣ɱϴ˵
ͨ˻ߣڷҰ˵ƽȵģᾡԼеŬԸħ塣
ϴʲôϢħӦû˰ɣСѯ˳ҲħӦòֻһݵ㡣
ҰõϢСڣС˸ɱȻĵǾȥЩħȫȥ
ҰҲôģֱӽնɱħʬ嶼뵽ħ֮Уħڶħʬ˶оһ˿
Щͨħʦʬ壬ҰҲûŹ֪ħԳɿռ䣬ħָҪⱦ
ħίʵǷҰһܹħʵڷҰԸħҲŷǳҪӰ졣
ħ˵ȫʢʱڱȹ㺮칬ҪǿҪħָȫʵˣҲܶһ
Ұͷ˵С껶¾ǴׯħѾɱˣħΪ֮ͨˣþͻήϣܹúУػħ壡
껽ʦ껵СǼᶨɫһݡ
Ұ˵ͷǲɵ껵ƻָһ껵ʡ
Ȼ껵Ȼ޿ɲȴѾϵߵˡ
Ұƹӡ껵ԺҽһĿɽȭ껣һ̲ͣȥˡ
ҰҪȽǧҶֵģϧƶǧҶѾԳƵǵؽ似ˣ껴ûнӴУðȻֵؽ似Ҳá
껵һжǸոտʼҰ̸ɽȭҲֻϤԼ壬ڻеĻȻҲò̫似
СҲȥһԸȥˣҰٿƷۣһʧԶħľݵ˹ȥ
һ·֮ϣҰ˲ٴׯ¾һЩΪǿҲһѿݹǣƬɽֶԵ
ħѾʼ˼䣬˲òˡ
ʲôˣ
ҰոտһħɽȳħӰ
Щħ壬Ұû˿쵶лһĻȣһħ״ߡ
Щħ϶ʦļһżðһħڷҰҲ߲һغϣҰնɱ
ҰնɱС֮󣬽ʬ嶪뵽ħ֮Уͣĸһݵ㡣
ħ彫ϢȥˣҰݵʱ򣬵ݵһħӰӶûУʣһЩδʬ壬ʾħפ
Ұ²ͣٴθһݵ㡣
ʣµľݵ㶼ܱ֮󣬷Ұһħ嶼ûз֣Щħ峷û˿ۼҰҲҲǵӰ
Ұ²Щħ϶ǻҵħڴȥˣֻǷҰѻ֮ʱûзֻҵħڡ
ħҲû׼Ϊ͵ħͲ֪ϵΪߵģֻܵΪߵħϵǣַҲЩãڷҰҲħյϳڡ
ҰŸСӵľݵһ飬ŸݵֲĿңȴγһԲΡ
ҰЦһԥžŸݵΧ˹ȥ
ȻŸСӶʲôҵħ𣬹ǸҵħӦûھŸСӵ룬ʱָӾŸСӵĽˡ
ҰûãĸӦǰһΡɽһɺ嫶޵ħϸӦ͸Ӧ
Ұ϶ԼĸоԦƷۿٳǴɽ˹ȥ
ڷҰոոеǴɽ帽ʱ򣬺Ȼûɵĸеһļ£·ǰɽʲôΣƵġ
Ұǳδһͷȥɽͣǰɽ
ϴҸӦħϢֻҾɽЩŹ֡СҲſڳжһ˿ء
ҰֱӽС뵽˾ʥ֮УоΣգС껾͸ΣˣҲûտԴδ֪Σлסǡ
ҰиֳһɫĹʣɽвĽƣֻҪɽ֮УЩƾͻͬʱɽ嶼
ʱ򣬷ҰҲ˹
Щħ֪ᱻ֪ǰھŸСӵɽ֡
˽뵽ɽѰħĻǲµЩƾͻ᳹ýеʿ֮أ


543 ɱħɽ
ҰƣħвЩ޵ħҲħµģ˽ɽġ
ʵҰµĵҲȫ棬Щħ屾Ǵ㽫ǿ߶ģǶĳľֻ֣ȴҰǡˡ
ҰƵӡ׿ɽϵһӷģǽ󷨽һˣѰ󷨴ʦҲԿ
ЩӵƵӡķҰ˵Ͳʲô⣬Ұȫ쵶һҫ۵ĵâӵ˲նһսڵϡ
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һ죬ɽ嶼˲䵹ƬĿռʯ׷ɣл촷ۡ
ƣҰҲɵð˿Һħ廹湻ݵİҪǽ뵽ɽ֮У忰ȾҲѴ
ɽڵĵطȫ񱩵ҿ裬һɹɿռؼ˸޷
ħ岻ܽԼֵطǼȻ˳֣;Լյء
ǷҰףЩħ϶ڰйۿ
ȻĻҲ޷ȷ˭
緽Ұϣھ˴ǧ￪һɽϣһŷǷʿڶһ澵ӹۿɽ
ҰһǸƵϣɽ嶼֮ʿĵһѪȫƤϿʼֳһϸܵɫƬһڵħܷŭɶ񣡷ҰһҪɱ㣡
ʿǸҵħǸҲµģ㻨һµʱ䣬˷ϡϡ
ҪԲ֮ڵྫӢһѶ˵֪ȴҰˣ֪˾ǷҰ֮ϵķˣԸҰ
ҰѾħΪͷŴУÿħ嶼ɱ֮죬УһҰԵֵϽٵʿˡ
û뵽ҰȻļƻ־ȥĲ֣ûҵħļģ
Ұ͵ĵжˣЩɱеɱȣǾС׼ˡ
ɽʱ򣬷ҰѾɢΧĲһŨħһţһŭཻ֯ת۾ȥ
ħ屩¶ˣߣȥɱˣҰһС˵һ䣬ֳһӰ۵糸ķħ֮ء
СΪϵޣٶҲڷҰǰУɱ絶
ħЩŭԹ飬СҲͿȥˣҵħӰ٣СҲ޲ھͽǶˡ
Ұ󻯳ӰԾò죬а˼´θòӡеĴˣõУʱǸ··ϼ
ҰٶȿɲƬ̵Ĺ⾰͸ӦǰдħۣԼҵħľۼء
ҰƵĳ˿ûԼΣǹһǰúԶܹоõ
ҵħѾ֪Լ¶ˣȴҲûд롣
ҵħһڵǿߣڼϼСҲвǿߣ㷽ҰСҲĿԽҰնɱڴˣ
ֻҪܹҰǸСնɱǸһЩҲԳܡ
ҵħԼʣļСӶ֯ǹվţŷҰķ
ħ壬Ұ˻ûһҫ۵ĵâѾһŭֱŻҵħɱ˹
ҵħһŷҰ̧ƣ̽ƶʧһ硣
̫գ»ɽΡ룬ܣݻһӽҰնǵâ£֮С
ҰֱоϢһͣϺĺȻʧǵâǸзƬ̣ҲʧӰ١
Լٵһ֮УȫԼƶɱһ䡣
ҰǿƵһҵħ߽⣬Ҳ
ڵǿڻͬڲŸոսݻΪ磬ڵǿȴѾԼƶˡ
ҪǱ뵽һ֮У·ҰһжҪУȫԼ
Ұ⻹ǵһθڵǿ߶ս˿Ҵ⡣
Ұо;ϵħ˳Ϊϵħ񲢲ȫԵʣΪҰΪ̫ߵԵʣϵħΪļӳûôˡ
Ұþϵħ֮ȻͣԲ֮ڶﲻ÷ҰЩź
ϵħޣҰòʮֵľԵС
Ұħĸݵ㣬һҲµɱ֣ұȻն㣡ҵħȳ⣬ѹֲסŭ


544 Ⱥħ
Ұ쵶бָ񷣬ȻħҰǾʹȥħһߣɱǣȥҰ
ǶҰĲ£Ұή򣬷ҰھѾҰޣֻҪҰ٣ҰԻ취Ұ
ħʮʮ׿֮κһż֤ϣ
ЩһѰ֤Ұ㽫ȫ
ҵħҰѾﵽ˹Ұ˵ҪȥҰߵԲѣҴﵽ˾ڣҰ׵ң㻹ֻǸԲʿ˵ҰȵҰҲֻܳΪҰѪʳѣ
˵ҵħͣƬ̣ЦûˣҾ֮أҵҪҶڤħ˶ֵļһﵽʲôͣ
ԸҰһе쵶ϵƬƬ̫·űĹ
쵶ؼ֮鳲Ƶĳ쵶˹ȥһɺ嫵֮մ໥ֱ֯Ǹ޴硣
ҽΪߵ֮Ĳ࣡ҵħЦһٴſһɾ޴ҪҰͬе쵶һ֮С
ڷҰֵʱСҲԥĶʣµħ嶯ˣ˵СڵΪ֮ͣУԸЩħ壬ֱ͸вƵġ
Сз·һħԵĶΪ࣬پ似оͱ޷
ƣҰŭХһڷ浶ߣһһǰĺ嫴ƣײһ
ǹɾ޴ޱȵŷҰ翿Ұ˳Ըٶײȥ
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һĺ𣬷Ұһɽһն顣
ҰıԵ˦˳ȥǹˮƵģ÷Ұ쳣ķ
ѾﵽһĵزڸղѾ뵽֮ˡ
˵С磬ͨıҲʹˣֻܵ
ҰҲ֮İԵȻԶԶ֮ҲѾ֮϶ˡ
֮ĲҲСˡ
ȥ֮󣬷ҰǸŭƵģ쵶ͳҵħı塣
Ҳ̫ˣҵħ˼䣬жȻֳһƽսꪣͨ˸ŽӲӵĹâַս֣͸һɺ޾ʥ
˻ƽսһʥһһмʥ
Ұе⣬ħĵħҲʥŶԡ
Ұе쵶ҲȻҵħеĻƽսꪲ㻹ʥҲҸʥ档
䣡
ƽꪸ쵶ײһ֮֮໥̣Ű
ֵȼսɽϵЩʣµħͲ岻ֻ֣·ɵ۾ۿΪҵħ
ҰδŹɱǿź󷽵˹ȥ
ҵħɫ΢΢£ǰҰҰϢһģһ
ҰҲûκһŵһ쵶һǿֶԵС
һ񼼣ȻõˣֻҪɱ㣬񼼾ҵˣҵħЦ㷽ҰһҲûκξ£ɲԼ򲻹һԲļһ
ҰҲϻֵһŸӵķһصӡгɢһɿֲƣŻҵħɱ˹ȥ
ҵħһҰķԶ̧ǰһƬס˷Ұħӡ
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ħӡصϣһĺ˫ƾУħӡʱͽǰ򶼱˿ȥ
ҵħɫ΢䣬ٴλһƬ֮֮󣬲Žħӡ˫һɢС
Ĺ򣬷Ұһӳͷ飬չǰУѽ󣬺ɫĴˮˣִһ֣Ƭռ䶼ڡ
СҵħŭХһеĻƽսǿнҰǵķɣ˲䴩գһΪִʺֱ˹ȥ
Ըڵǿߣǲеġ
ҰδִҵħĹӭȥ
ҵħЩԾδӦͶȻӦһΣմ
ҵħæмһƵԼǰĿҴһƳַҰȻʧˣһ
ȸ
ҰԼ׻һֻƴСȸеһһӱ˿

Ǹ˲鿪ҰȸͣĴӻҵħظ䴩˹ȥһǰ͸Ĵ󶴡
ҰҲ޷õά״̬֮Уɱ֣ȷҰȫһҪǿ˽ʮһ֮¾ûҵħˡ
Ұӻҵħڳ֮󣬵һʱͻΪ˱壬гһͭս꣬ͷҲصĴ뵽˻ҵħĺĴ
ҰϵĴ󲿷ʥɢˣͭսʣļʥ֮һ
ҰδѡϮɱҵħͷ­֪ͻҵħô򵥾ɱģͷ­мܱ㿪ֱӴҵħĺġ
ҰѡȷģĶŻҵħͷ­ȳ֣ҵħֻҪƫƫͷͿȥˣȴûô׶
䣡
ͭսеʥҵħĺըһ˿ڣ඼ѿ
ҵħ۵һһɫѪ˫ĿŷҰû뵽ҰȻѹ򣬻Ǳ
Ұķٴ쵶ɱ˹ҵħŭХȫǱƽսꪣƽսɫһӽҰķ͸Ϊؾɢ쵶һû뵽С
ŷıʱ䣬Ұ죬һɫĹ⻪ӷҰгӭǣ˲仯ΪɴСŻҵħѹȥ
ħҵħֵĴгҪٻػƽսꪣȴָˣҷҰһŻƽսꪵĻع顣
飡
ħֱӽҵħһ𣬷Ұ͸оԼڤڤ֮е֮ٴαŨࡣ
Ұףҵħˣղħӻҵħڰ֮ϡ
һȡ˻ҵħҲֵˡ
ҵħôܣǻƽսֶأֱҰȸشŻᱻħһӾˡ
ҵħҲֻˣ÷Ұѻ꣬ҲΪߵ˵Ļ꣬ȻԼмĿԻɰ׳ա
ƵӡҰҲðա
ڷҰͻҵħֵʱСڻͻȺƵģѾնɱ˺üʮħ壬ʣµҲˡ
Ұ쵶裬Сں׵Ľʣµħ嶼ɱĸɸɾ


545 ޷
Ұڶħʬ뵽ħУ̺֮뵽˷Ұ֮С
Ұȷ沿֮󣬷Ұȴûκɵĸо⻹һҰǲӣ˭֪Ѿжħ彵ˣ
˵һǷǳȫģϵħ岻½֣ʦħ巽ҲûС
ҰҪʱĴ½£ħӰ֣ڵʵ޷Դͷ϶ħ򣬵ҲԾౡ֮
ʰЩħ壬ҰֱӴСǽ뵽һС
ֻһͨĳУ󣬵ȴѾ˷ÿ˽ҪܵܵŲ顣
ҵĸûȣҲ¸ӣмǿķãһЩãǾĸ֣ҪƿҲס
ҰԲ²⣬ħֵϢѾ˵֪ˣصĶص˳棬󶼴ˡ
ո̤֮УҰ̸ħٳֵ飬ħسȻѾֵþ˽֪ˡ
Ұ΢΢˿ִػħЩǿߵȻвеʿҲûκ׼
Щ޵ģȴħˡ
ȻħɳĶֻǲӣҲԳж֣ҪҲûдػĵط֣ڵСׯ
е̸ħ飬һ϶ЩݣȻħֶǳĵġ
ħϢ¤ɡȡ¸Լ¥˼ʮλΧˣ̫ϳһǰֻʣ˻ħ廹
˵̳ǵųҲȥˣشأųһĴ֣Ҳκβ˶ԷųҪסҲװ
һһɣڹųٻػħҪ󷨷ҲסȥĻ˵ʲôʱͻħ壬ǿɾֻΪħѪʳˡ

Ұһ·Ҳ˽һЩϢЩʿ˵Ľ룬ƾԼոЩħۼĵط
ħѾ֣ʿҲڻս÷ҰһЩ
ڵ໹֪ȫĻҲʵˡ
ӢۣħһҲи콾ð
ֻ֮кܺõĻˣܹĳɳӸľ硣
ڽļУҰһֱħϢ֪κεطħ͵һʱϹȥ
Ұħ֮ǣ⼸еħѾնѾħΪͷŵ֡
ʱ֮УҰϤĽ̵С껣СΪѹƣͻһ㣬˸ڵʿ
껵Ľȴ÷Ұеǳ
껷һƷɵˣѾϴһһдҩǱڡ
Ȼ޷ӦУ˵۳ˡ
޷۳Уζ޷ܳΪߡ
ЩŬҰУԺŵ˵껸ŬҪС츶ŬҪö࣡
ֻ껵ǲ޿ɲҰҲûõҩȴûκЧ
˸бÿ˶˲ͬ
γԣҰòϣ껸޷
޷ζ޷֮ͨ޷ع򣬸޷ϴ
㷽ҰľƹǶҲû취ӦκУֻ˵̫зˡ
ʦǲһӶ޷껵Сϳ˾ɥ
껶ħĺѾ裬Ҫѧϰͨ챾ȥնɱħ塣ϧ̫⣬û취ӦκУǱһ㣬껷ǳܡ
Ұḧ껵СԴȻĵǧÿ˵ĵ˲ͬߵģֻһ˶δ߹ĵ·ˡùôֻ㸶ˣһջ񣡡
صĵ˵ͷ֪ʦƭġ
ӽԺ󣬷ҰҲûн̹ĶÿϰĿɽȭֻż˵Щᶨ껵
Ҳ֪ԼԶԶȲˣҲҪʦĹʲôģÿһ˼һ׿ɽȭ֮Уÿ춼ƣŰݡ
ҰϺö࣬ÿ껶۵øƵģڶˡ
ǷҰͽһҲͽ̿һÿȭǧ飬ȭȭûϢʱ䡣
ҰŰԵͷܹõļȥһӶӹµΪ껽ĳɾͲ֣С졣


546 ǵ
ҰСںͽĴ½ѰħӰͬʱѰԼɾ;ĻԵ
еʿ˵һԿԽǵ
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ħǲѾ̤㵽֮УʱƣеҲ֪ħʬ̺Ųֻ籾Դ֮
Ȼֻ籾Դ֮þ˶޷գǿЩ籾Դ֮Ȼ˵и
вͻ籾Դ֮ջ֮£еҲԷĿʼԿħ
ȻħΪ͵ĶʦʿҶħֵʿҲʦϵʿĸʻ
ҰͼʿڶԿħʱħնɱһħɱһЩСš
һţҰħҲ˸˽⡣
Ϊʿͨ˸ħ۲ҰۿиʦԲħ壬˼ʦʿֱ֮ӽ뵽磡
Ұһ䣬Ϊʿħ˵ֱǴ󲹣ħ̫࣬еʿܹնɱһ֣ʣµħҲԸٶȽף
ΪԽߵʿħ֮ħõĺôԽ
ҰţħܹоͽףҲҪ޾²ܹס
ڣħֻҪʿͿԿٽףֱ찡
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ħҲֻ࣬ҪѪʳֻҪԱɣǾܹѪʳеתǵ
ҰĴ½꣬ойԽԽ֪ⲢԼΪԵʣӡ˥йء
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Ұ⼸ħҲԽԽǿúħ嶼ǳձˣ÷ҰеѹԽԽ
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껣ҰҲΡ
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Ұܸо껽ĳɾҲƽˣȻǹִ־ȴ쳣ļͣҰԼῴۡ

һıײҰͷ˿ȥʱͿڵʿΧɱһڵħ塣
ħͨЩŹ֣ڵʿΧɱһڵħ壬˫Ҳ˴쳣ļѡ
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ǰԥĵͷʦܣ㾡֣ܳףһ֮
˵ɣǿмһ죬ӿƬƬطģһ򶼷ڣֶÿռ֮գǰǸħλ
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ʦھѪǱɫǹжһĨѪɫʣͬ˲һĴգһӵǸħԺ
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䣡
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⾪һǸʦܵɫҲήȥɫɷһƬҡҡ׹
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Ǹв֪ʱһѪɫذףϢĲǸʦܵظУǱѪɫذڿ˵ľ
ʦһӾͷӦ˹ǿڵķһƽǸķɣŭҢ壬͵Ϯң
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Ǿɲˣǰ·ɣҢЦһٿߣжһˮĳֱȥ
һֻƳУֱץסһ̾ϢҰӰС


547 ԭ
ʿʦֵܣһǷǳϤˣҰֶԸǸħ廹Ҳû֣ñΪʤʵ
û뵽һնɱħ֮󣬾Ȼﶷ
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УֹԼʦܶҪּӺ˾İ࣬ҰܣԺԲڡ
ħѾͷ۵ˣа˷С
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548 

ĲҽǰļⶼʧӰ٣ȫûǹħ֮С
Ұµٶٴμӿ죬Ƭ̾͵˾ƬħƲԶĵطСҲߡ
ŷҰĿоǰһ޷ܾĺܿƵħƿ˹ȥ
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Ұǰٴλӵһն飬Яһ֮ƣڵķնȥ


549 Ծ
ڷҰ嵽ߵʱһЦͻأʧڲС
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¶һ˿صɫҰȻδͻƵ磬֮ԶԶ
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оҰҲֲ˶ˣֱӻһ˵ɵŷҰɱ˹ȥ
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ȵĲǷҰĻþ˳ǷҰĻþж˷似ȴû
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˵ĻǾԲʿҲѾ֪ɱˡ
û뵽ԸһΪ˺ܶʿȴƿ˻þҰشˡ
Ȼ˵Щƶ˵ͲʲôһΪĸ˵ˣԷҰ˱ɱ֮ġ
Ұľ쳣ǿؼľ๦Ұ뵽Ļþ֮С
ֻҪҰ΢һ˿иѾˡ
ҰΪδﵽ磬ܹشҲǽҡ
Ұȸ֮شȴһ͸Ѫò˵ʻǿ
ҰҲףղȻ޸ҲֻǱѾ˺صˡ
ҰȻЩأղشʱ򣬴ϸܵһɾ޴Σ
ղֻҪȸٶһͻΣ֮С
ǲٿô򵥣ҰղŴҲǸңҪնɱ治ô׵顣
ԸҰҲðȻ֡
ϴ󣡡ŷҰشʱСҲӻþ˳һȣ˸貵ɱ
Сһڴĸ򳬺ѰĻþûκӰ죬СڶܹʱסȷЩŵ
ϴָɵСɫƵɱ˸
ߣȥħֻһħɱеĵһɱΪԴùңɣħɱڶɱħѪһЦ˫һӵӡü˸һĪķġ
ɫħƾҵķһͷͷƻõħӰħг˳һŭøĿռ޷
ܹΪħʮ֮һ治һ˿ġ
ЩħеħһõģٿЩħ޸ҪʲôΨڹ˵ʱŻữΪʵ
ңЩħлʧǵĹЧвͻᱻ
ħʮ֮һҰɲ˿ӣһһİʯŴ˳һԲ𣬵ӿ˿˿Ƶ»ˬ
ʮҹ
һµļûЩħеԻ֮ȥȻţѾԷҰ޷ʲôӰˡ
Ұ̨һ»ķΧ󣬽СҲڣӰ졣
΢΢üͷһħзħǵصĳҰСڣһͷͷħ޷·һ
Ұе쵶һХϸֳһ֮ĸӦˮϵϵϵϵִУһɻѹһݣ·һƬصˡ
ˮ磬ִ÷ҰһֻһնЩ
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һСҲˣ˫ֺܼ򵥵ܻţһִζÿһħ޶ήȥҲ˲丯࣬ʧС
飬Ϊ࣬ħǿҲ޷Сڡ
Ϊ࣡ø񼼣һĨȡ
ƺǿ˷Ұ˵ѶԸ΢˸־ü˸ķҲˣħеǧħ޶ʧӰ٣ħ
һ·˵ĵ𣬹ĵ
ţһõŮӰʼħ֮УÿһŮӶ֮òü֮価̬һ˵Ķԭʼ
ҰֱоһаС˲ͽаѹȥ˫ĿһƬ
ҰƵӡƶĥԣħ˵̫˵㣬޷Ӱ
ʱһͻȻһĨ貵ıɫʣ񻷲㽻ΪһƬ͸һɹɰǹħһС
͸ǵ֮˲ʧħƶ񻷷
񻷣أܣ
СڿֶζҪЩħƣıֽʵ֮䣬Բı壬ֱӶ񻷽ħƷ
ħӿʱΪħʱɼҪ񻷵ķϧȴʼ޷ħƵı仯任ŴС
ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףҰСͬʱ֣ڼϷҰһֵЩѣƬ֮ôӴľܵһС
֪ȥҲ·ҰСڣȥԼ
ϣüзı˼֮󣬱סĹħƽ䵭ʧ
ǰһ֣һƬõ縡ֶҰķԼСȫڡ
ҰԥһնƬõ类ն䣬ʧĲӰһвĻǳҾΪԺٳǣȷŹˡ
ޣֱܣСڴȳĿĴɨ䣬ȴδôȥġ
ҰСڰ˰֣ˣСڣǹΣѾˡߣҲûܹ׽ƻõӰڵɱ
СҲ֪Ұ˵ʵ飬ҲŷҰϴСӵǻЩֶΣκβǡ
ҰͷֶûãҲûжȫƣҪǶ¹˭δ֪ĶԾУҲƲħʣЩʵôöԸġ
ʮ֮һܹԷҰСڵΧв·磬ɼҲȥ
Ұа˼⣬ҿǶģٴż࣬ٶԸûôˡ
ҰԿ϶еδãǶһľԲҲռžƣôöԸġ
ߵҰзǳأֲ֪ٿˣвģһɱ»Сѡ
ɷҰҲû취ԷΪ̫ˣźüС磬ҶԷֶҲҪնɱܹ׵硣
뵽񻷶סҰҲֻʱ˼ԭȽ׾˵


551 ɾ;
ԭ֮м㷽ҰҲû뵽ԭħͨһͨ
ȵ֮󣬷Ұϸϸڵһηĵط
֮󣬷Ұεķ֣ħŨһЩȴûзκεħ֮ͨĶ
㷽ҰƵӡҲ޷ǷʲôͨҲֻա
ħ彵ٵİɣҰôš
ԭŸָĿռϢеǺӰ嫣еӰСܹ˸õ
죬֮죬δ̽ԭ򣬵вԼΪһ
ҵĿռ֮УҰоԼƿ΢΢ɶһЩ;ͻƵ˵
ĶԾ÷ҰеһȸС
ղǺСһ֣ƾԼʵֶξҲѴ롣
ħʮȫǸ콾Ѿ뵽֮У˭֪ʣµЩǷҲ뵽֮У
ҰʮУжٶпͣжҰӵŴ󲿶ӵġ
ܹģǸϽԼʵȥɱħЩӢ
磬ͿʼӴķ룬죬磬ûдǻ۸߲һ
ԭ̺ſռ䱾Դ֮󲿷ĿռҲҲܹ˸ռ
ҰͣԲܾˣٳ޷һϣͻƶͻƲˡ
һսҰҲԼľ㣬ĸҲʼղôһ˿
ڴս֮󣬷ҰԭѰͻƵ
ҰʱڰĿռиʱڿռѷԵߣʱڿռ籩ռϵԽԽԲ
ҰڿռĸԽԽºڵѪʼһ˿ռϣݻɶơ
һº󣬷Ұȫ뵽֮Уڴ󳪴ֳ֮ӨΣ
ҰظӦڵǵ谭ϴϣȫϣڵľӴķŰۡ
ʹԷҰ˵㲻ʲô͵־²ϵĳǵϡ
ʲ֪ʱѾһīƲ㣬һ׹ڽ֣͸һɺ޾ѹ֮ġ
꣡
Ȼһͬһһ㣬צĳŷҰ˹ȥ
Ұȫڵϣ׵ĵܲʣɿ׻ظ֮䣬˺ѿѪڡ
Ұھƹȫת׵еģͬʱ޸ű׵Ű塣
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ҰΪԼĻѾˣȵͻƾʱŷ֣Ҫͻϻûôס
ʽ׹䣬ҰϵĹըˣһƬѪģ
ȴܲôˣȫĵĳǵϣ֪˶ٴ֮ǵһʧӰ١
Ұֱоڵķ·뵽һµ֮УϷ˷ܵţ޵ǿţϹ⻪貣ҫǡ
ԷҰмвĽףʱ͸ƵģҰּ̧ȭӳ嶼͸һɶ׵Ľµ˿
磡
Ұڴﵽ˾磬֮ѪϣÿһѪҺÿһ缡൱һĿռ䣬۳һƴĶ죬ԼӴ˿ռ䱾Դ
ͻƵ˾磬ҰоȫһֶܹգԴһƬȫԼգˡ
ǿҰ¶һĨŵЦݡ
ڶҰԼаտԲ·磬ٲǰѡ
ʱ۷ǿˣһ£ΨһЩɵ̫ϳϲھ硣
ڣħʮʼ͸ﵽ磬Ѳħ֮Ķ֮С
ϴγ˯ʱɹİ־ѹˣȻڷҰԺг˷ܡ
飡Ұϲĺһ̯һɫ⻪С
Ź⻪һ뵣ΪһֻӲӵΧŷҰɵķţ˷ܵĴеɵĸоã˯ô죬γɵúúܣ
λֱӱ仯һֻڰз裬һڸСڴк۸¸£̿ͷֳˣ
СҲһ˿ЦݣЦСôһֻ˰
ĵûʶ˰ɣչ磡ͼʰɣ
ҰЦЦҲˣҲ̤뵽˾磬ҹΪǾȥɱ


552 Ⱥħ
Ұֻµʱ䣬ŽΪȹھھ磬һԵĵϣÿһϸÿһ缡̺Ŷ֮ͷһ޷ȴܸܵõѪֱ񷡣
ԭӵźԨĿռ֮ռ䱾Դֱ֮°빦
ǸռѳҰȴҲͣȥħѾʼפ򣬷Ұûʱռ
ȵΪȹ֮󣬷Ұһ˾ʹԭ˳
Ѿ֣ħʮеǷҲˣ
´ңܲѣҲֻܹĥ³ǿߡ
Ұһֱԭһ޳֮Уѡ˸ľ¥˽ȥ
ħٽ˵мħҲˣһЩ޶УҪ𣿡
ǵ׾ȴħĻһ֮ⱻնħ廹ţ
Ѫϴʮ򣬼Ĳ֣˴սһüش룬Ҳأȥˡ
նħλħʮ֮е˼սҹ˫˫شߡ
ɱĴ½λʥӣλʥȫѲû֪ںη

ҰǳأѾкüħĴ½ˣÿ˵ս۷սҪǿ⻹ôȥ
Ұ̲סа룬еʥȥˣ˵֮ӦҲʥͣʥӦö԰Щħʲô֮Ķ˰ɣΪûʥͳ֣
ҰЩȻϴһʵ֣һ𣡡
ǻҰ΢ҲҪһ˽ħ״˳ѯ»Ƿ֪ʥͲԭ
ҰСڻͽ¥ȥѾһżſڵˣЦŽýż֮С
ż֮УѾˣ侲һԣһſϢӣҰȴʶ
Ұ֮ɫϢҪԷҰֵӡ
ĿֱСڣߵСӣҲ̫ˣϴǺȾƣȴʣµĺһƶ˳ˣҽ
Сͷ­΢΢𣬺Цͺˣһ𣿿Сģ
Ҳ֪ߵĶҪˣСһҲûټ׷֡
ŷҰշģõҵĶʱң
Ұĵ㶼Ѿ͸ˣѵˣ
ߵõģ
Ұʼ磬û
䱻Ұȵó˵Ҳǲʵ飬ǰҲû𵱳顣
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ҰȵǸſϢ꣬û뵽Ǹ޼ڵĴ˽ɡ
˵Ϣ翣һ֮ԴĵϣΪҲﵽ˾ڣȷƵ˼콾
ΪҲھڣҰܵһɽȸС
Բƿ꣬˶׵˾ˣԺҪŬС
ݿʣһİҰžڣĵžڣ֣㲻Ҫȥɣ
ﻹû˵СھֱӶ˻ȥߵսģ˵עϴһƾ㣡
ڷҰëɵĵСӣŰ˲Ҫǵԣ
ҳȫ㣡ҰȻûѽɷϣڵļһﶼɱ˵ڵĽˡ
￴лҩζ̫Ũ˫˰֣ҲˣħڻﻹʱԼﶷ
һͷȥҰҲûм֮
ЩŷҰͷĻ飬ü֣СҶʶˣλǣ
ŵҾǻ飡ҵĴӦɣ
飿ﾪȵظһ䣬ɻ󣬡鲻Ǹ˿ôֱɽˣ
һӵŻĵʶ˰ɣҾǰٱޣʲôӾܹʲôӡ
룬ûٱʲôޣֻεҡҡͷ
ɺ͵ҲЩȣҲǵһ˵ޣ֪޵ľ
Ұһ˵һʡһҲͲ
ﵭЦſڵҲ׵ˣټСںͻ飬ǵİվ͸ˡ
ҰЩɻʵô¶ʲô
ɱŽĵҪȥ
Ұüë΢նɱħ֮ԾӦ˽⣬˾кͨǵһ˻֣
ΪھڣսһľԲҪǿڿռյĳ뻯ɽ˷޾֮УʱգǷգҲⲻסҵͼˣҲɸƽ֡
˵ͣ£ּʣڣһԲĴ׷Ұ£ҲŽԭѡ
ҰͷҲڰԾ̾ﵹǻЩ汾£ն£ܹȫˣһ˿õġ
ںηСѯ˳
ܸɴĵԭĴɽռݷԲĵ̣³֮⣬ʮԼٶʦ
Ұɵõһ֮Ҳܹϵһˣ´󲿷ְȲ
ҰȻֻʮ֮һѾһİˣ֮һЩҲĴ½Ӱ̫ˡ֪һЩ˵ʥʹڣΪǲֱȺһ
̾ʥ͸֣
Ϊʲôѯ˳Ҳ֪ʥΪ֡
ʥʱҪѹĵ̣ǳֶԸЩħ壬˵ķӡϾͻƿ
ͣ£ּʥΪȡʱ䣬÷ӡƿħʥҲܹ׵Ľ֮Уˡ
ҰҲ˼ĵ˵ͷʥȻδ֣ȴڰΪȡ콾ɳ𵽵òݺӡ
ҰϻһҲˣӦҲѹ̣þ³һΣζֵܼʱ̣ǲҪõĺá


553 ɱ
ħеȻһЩ˵ҲԳڶľ̫ϳȥΧħ尡ڶħЩ֣ܱԺٳҪõöɣҰЩɻ
ͽһۣ̾һûж˵ʲô
˵ı飬ҰԼһЩ
ħеѾˣûеǰһЩѰơ
ҪɱţЩɽ󶼹Ǻһġ
ħܹ۸ģһЩСҲӲ
ΪʱҲԸԼʵħ֮Уͷޡ
Ƕϣʱ佫ڵʵڽħ
ȻħҲôⱡ
뵽ҰԽɵĵҲһЩȻ˵㣬ٸվԿħ壬ЩļһҪǿöˡ
ô¶ǶڴʲôգڷҰͷһȦֿǸһĺɡ
ҰЦǻħŰ˼ʱ򣬶ڷչԼҪħ٣
СߺߵĵȺļһħ嶼ԣ޸ƨԵȥ
ܹԺҲʵ۷壬Ⱥ˵ŻħôеħʲôʸţҲһ֡
һҲеĴɽˣл϶ѡģǱޣҲɽȥ쳾һŲ档
￴ҰϵĲмֵȻҲһЩΪ˱ʵʵʩȫɽ˽ȥҲϢ
ҰĬȻ˵Ӹԣû취ž
ߵȺļһͲΪ콾ǲ࣬ǲ١ǲҳҲãʡȥħ嵱ʳħʵٴߡ
ҰȻȺһӦڽе֮켺ǲ߶е֮ᱻĸɾߣħԿԼȡħڤڤ֮еܹ֮ȡõĳɾҲߡ
˶˼ĵ˵ͷȻҲ֮˽⡣
Ұ˰֣ˣ˵ˣָǲеģҪԼԸǺʱ
ھͶɣսڡ
Ҳûһ˴Ӿ¥ȥ
֮󣬷ҰֱӼƷۣŻһɣȥĵɱˣʡЩʡЩ
벻ֱֻʥϣȻ˸з㻹ݳޣЦһֱƷϡ
ͽһۣҲû˵ʲô˷ҰƷϡ
ɫƵĶŽɣ뷴༥Ұֹˡ
Ȼ˵ҲðΣΪҲǶˣҰ鷳ˡ
ҰƷٶȼ죬ʱ֮󣬾ͽ뵽˴ɽķΧ֮С
ĿȥҰԶԶͿǰħ죬ħѾˡ
ʥ޷֣ħʮʵѾվ۷ˣܹвǵ˻治࣬ѹָĿŵｨݵ㡣
ħЩʥͻ޷뵽֮УħЩһѾˣδǰ
Ǿɱȥ𣿡Сϵĺ죬˸ڵɱ⡣
Ժǣʹɱȥɣͷ췢裬һȵսֱ񷡣
ҰкɣЦãǽֱӴɱȥǵһһնأ
Ұһ˿ٴƷг˳Ŵɽ˹ȥ
ܿ죬ڴɽչصħ˳Ƭ죬ȵʲôˣǿĵ̣𣿡
쵶ڷҰУһ̺֮ĵâ˲ͻأĳǰǸħǰѹǸħ޷㣬âնΪ롣
ڷҰֵʱҲȫˡ
СڴһŲèӡǣиħֳһǹֱèӡǡ
֪ڽӴʱ򣬳ǹ貵ĺâʧǸħȫħҲڵһʱ䱻ʴˣͬһͨһ㡣
СԱӡʩչ飬Ϊǧ
èӡҵĻǸħϣ񱩵ķǸħ˺Ƭ
һƽ͵ĴһչٴӷҰͷ˳ȥ
ڳȥɲǣͿʼǴƬ̾ǵǧɴСһֽɫ̫ب񷣬գ
ϵëͬһƽʥƵģӹ˫絶һնϣѪȾ񷡣
˸̧׵˸ĳǹıǹգһǹһħͷ­дѪǱŽ
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Ұ΢΢£ǰ˲ƶԼ˲ƣȴǵ޼˲ƣɱ
Ұа⣬ԼҲԽ˲Ƶ뵽似֮УĻսֹһ
У˽ǷǳбҪģ쳵޷ȡ̫ĳɾ͡
ҰҲȡ˳Ƽ
ڷҰ˼˲似ʱ򣬻ͷ췢裬зɳһų˵ϵĻ棬бò·ԴƵģһħڡ
Ǹħһɫͼܣһ˲ͱջһĲҽΪҽһ龧ʯ¶ߡ
Ұڰ˾칬ȡһ𣬿ƿѴޱȣһħ
Ұֻ֪Խħɻ籾Դ֮ڶͽһħˣȻδõ籾Դ֮Ҳõ龧ʯ
Ұ΢ǰΪֻſԽħ߽˸
籾Դ֮ĻҲԽħֻһ޷ħɻ籾Դ֮ˣҲԵõ龧ʯ
龧ʯħľʯħĵ̱ޱȣ龧ʯĺöҲв٣еʿҪԣĶܹ࣬õ龧ʯҲмĺô
õħԴҲһЩ
ҰԼնɱħʬҲԽԼնɱħˣ龧ʯ˽⡣
ҰɵһЩ˵Ϊħʬˡ
͵˻޷ħɵǵʵԿ龧ʯˡ
Ұ뵽⼸һҲնɱ˲ħ壬б˼ȵնɱ֮󣬻ԴﻻȡһЩϣħָԪ


554 ˪֦
ȵħٻָһЩħʮˡ
Ұһ˽ɽ˿ûΣһѪֱ񷣬սǧ֮ⶼܹظӦ
һʼǼȻӦ˵㣬Ǽү˵㡣
ɽǱ޵ħҲ׷״ӱչг˳еħѪʳ׷׳˳
󲿷ֵħ嶼Ǵʦ磬Լһٶ˵ӣʮħҲУڷҰ˵ǰ
ЩһﲢõϢг룬Ҳ
ЩӦֳĴ½طѰѪʳȥˣһ뵽ЩҰŭգǿˡ
δʱ򣬷Ұдɱɱ
Ұе쵶ûǧӰ֮˳ݻ֮ơ
ҰÿһӰж̺޾ɱ⣬ͻȺһ㽫ڶħʦն䡣
СֱӶ˾磬ʮʦڣ˫Ƶģոħ
黯Ľ󣬾һƶ˵ɽƵģȫĽɫë죬һƽʥƵġ
ݡ
һ񽣴ӻ񽣽񷶼ͱѣ˷޲Ĺ
Ĺ˵ǳɢңÿ񽣵ĹޣʵԶǰЩħ壬񽣲㲻ҲˣһĲҺ
ϸֳһƬ磬˿˿Ϣһ׵ǳ׺򸽽ħ塣
׵籾Ͷħǿɱл˿˿ϢҶϢɱǿƬ̾ʮħʦ
ɸӿֳһƬϵ磬ɵʿХںоˣصĴӿ档
ˮӿһֻӻһ⡣
֮κ赲һƬޣһΡɽ嶼һ͸Ĵ
⣬÷Ұ뵽ԼõıžҲͷųâԵУâ١
ֻǱžɢĹâǱԣɵĻȴǵˮݵĻ硣
ﻯһƬ磬ҽʣɽ
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һɺؿ񱩵ħƳ𣬴ǵɽϿٸգ۵Ĺ򣬾͵˷Ұ˵ǰ
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ǸԲħ廯һƬǿ磬ڵħһһƬħһһƬӲӵ磬Ųͬ
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СڼɧİУмڻش⣬Ҳ
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ֻǷҰһıǸʱ򣬾ȴŶ͵Ϯ
齫λΪСǸڵħζţ˭Ҳκβ˭
ɺ͵ȫԸǸԲȴǸԲѹģǸԲЩ࣬˶ԸһҲռϷ硣


555 Ҵս
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񻷣ϵʮλħܣ
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ȻӰʱȴ޷ܿˣֻǿܹԼĺҪ
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ҰСϵıؼԽԽûˡ
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ನܹˣЩҳֻԶңңţħľ
а㣬ЩʦʱҪȵ˫ǿ֮ĩʱЩͿ𵽾ʤã
ҰҲ˵˵֪սپˣȻǱ˵նɱˣܹѣ
Ұִִ̫̫㣬ں׷͸һɿٵصɱ˹ȥ
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һ߶Сڵ񻷣һ𽩳֣·磬ԼΪǿԼյ͸⣬ܹ뷽Ұ˾š
Ұ̫̫˲Ϣ֮ŻĳܵĻ棬ֱ
ӿһɷɫȼԼķħƷΪһӵĺڽƣ˷Ұ·ϡ
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һ޴ıը𣬺ڽƼƬ̾˿̫̫һǰ

ӷһԶŵֱ˵˲֪ںη
ͬʱһӵӰǰ̫̫ǰĵ·ϡ
й裬֮ĹҲոϵٴըһѪڣδͨ͸ȴҲ˵Ĳᡣ
һ´ҲԵֿסСںͻĹֱӳ嵽ߣĳ

ٴηһεػסȻסӣҲ޷ס
Сֵʱ򣬷Ұһۣһʧԭء
һӣҰͳԼǵһ̹⣬ħֶ
䣡
ħǿƵĽǸ뷽ҰԿľڸѹȥֱӷħ֮С


556 Ļ
뷽ҰԾľڸֵħһħ类ħ߽⡣
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ץסᣬ˫絶ĻƲ񷣬ԵƿڵĽɫ磬նΪ룬Ѫ񷡣
ֱӽħʬ뵽˴ָ֮УȻȾѪȻвѣĻɵۡ
аԸ̣ģѾĻҵսƷ֪Եͷˡ
Ұû£Сڽ֮Уɺ͵ȴھԲĹ᧿Σ
룬ҰķȥЭСڶԿı嵽ǸԲǰ
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޴ӡײǸԲħܵǿϣ޴ӡһױȵǿеĺΰ
ǸԲħܵǿѿһѺۣҰٴλȸѿǵѷ˹ȥ
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ֻǣƶϲԣ޷ȫȷ

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Щħʦˣеͨʿ˵Ҳһѣնɱɾ;ܷŹǡ
ҰԣɵҲٶԣԳЩʣµħ幥ɱ˹ȥ
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ͽɱҲ뻻ȡģｫʥóˣֻ˼ǿûʥҰȡƷɵ
Ұḧ̫ӣѾ֪ǸмʥмʥҲڼõһˡ
Ұ΢룬ҡͷҵĲɵֻʣţֻܸһţҵǿٸƷҩÿԵĻͽףоˡ
ɽܸɴĵͷ
˵õģʱҲò绻ȡɵ㡣
˵ڸ˵ܹȥʥҪȵҩֵǮö࣬Ƕ˵ӵļֵһŲɵļֵ
Ұֱӽ𣬸˻һŲɵָſٻָΪĻ쵤˶ǳ⡣
ӵղŷҰѾʶˣǳ뺷ҲǸɶõı
ҰǸƷʦֻҪвϣҪٵҩУȡмʥҲ
һ˾ڴ˴ֱȥ


558 ȭ
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ңҰڴɽҲõħʬ壬ҲҪȫС
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Ұ˵꣬ڵķӿĹ뵽ƶ֮У֯Դ˿
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Ұвܲʣħʥɱ˵ˡ
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ǲСʵǸ㻹ʲôϵ𣿡Ұмڷӿƶе˪֦һʲôӨ
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Ұһʮſŵҩ뵽ƿ֮С
Ԫɻ籾Դ֮ƶɣѰʿͻƿãǾʿãҲſΪЧ
Ұֽʣµħȫħɵֵõ˶ʮŻԪ
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ҰЩħ龧ʯõıѻϵһСɽˣϡ龧رȵȣķᡣ
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ҰѾ˺üɴʵľһڽ븹С
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Ұֱӽ̫Ӽ˳ӿ⣬ǵ֮뵽˹֮С

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564 ѩ
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ѩܷܷȻһЦ۾г˿飬ԴڷҰУͺãȸɰɣҪ˵
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566 ѩ
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ĳΪ˰ƷʦǿʥͶҪĴڣжû˵˭ǰƷʦ
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˵ƷʦˣҰƷʦݾڶ೬ǿʾˡ
Щÿһ꣬Ĳ϶಻ʤûи߼ʦƳɵҩҰƷʦݴߵﶼֿȵ
кݺݵҧأԷҰɱ⡣ȻҰδ򿪣ǱѾףһȫ·硣
Ʒʦݣɱһмʥص̫ˡ
˼Ƶῡж̾˿ǱѾԼվһ۷壬Ϊ¼ܹǿӵܼûˡ
ڣҰѾǸƷʦˣΪҲǣǶеЩա
ħŵСħŮĿ¶һֺεͣ궯ǡ
µı飬ߵһλźµĹװվǳЦĵѾǸƷʦˣδĳɾ;ƽħŸ飬ħʥŮҲδޣѾǰˡ˵Ҳ콾ͬţ⣬ҵǿΪǴϴϡ
ԣ޵˷Ұһۣͷ­ӿֳΣ̬ˣֱֵˡ
ѩе˶еһȻ˭Ҳû뵽ħŸᵱŮȻλǿ˷ҰƷʦݡ
Ʒʦȷʸøˡ
ѩܷܷϵЦݶû˿仯ڷҰǳ˽⣬ǳΣŷҰʧġ
ҰҲЩ죬ͳЦЦ˵ЦˣҴ˴Ϊܷܷι˳ڣټͲҪЦˡ
µĿ΢ɼһЩ̾˿
Ұӣжҫ۵Ĵڣϧȴ˽Ҳ޷뷽Ұۣ֮еǳʧ
ʱ鵺վЦŵֵܣǱ鵺ɣұ鵺˺δǰҲǸɫŮӡ⣬ҵǿΪ檣֤κ˺ֵ֪Σ


574 𺳵
ѩ˶еǳһݣֱӽ´˵˵檣Ϊ˽÷Ұ
ħźͱ鵺ʼŷҰ֦λվ
Ұһ󺹣æܹȢܷܷѾǰ˱ĸˣҴֻܷܷһˣȢˣ
ѩܷܷɫֳһ˿ҸЦݣŷҰгۡ
ͺɶҪзҰΪѩľ͸еһЩķҰˡ
㷽ҰɲѩŮҲ취סҰ÷Ұ뵽֮С
ҰֱԴֻȢܷܷһˣҲ΢΢˿ѩĶڷҰԽԽˡ
ѩܷܷ޸Ұһѡ
ѩĳ𣬵ЦŵλǷҰѩƸ񣬸λͲҪЦˡ
ȫɫѿѩĴԾ˵ѾϿ˷ҰٷҰѩеĵλѾǱˡ
ƷʦڣֻҪ㹻ϣһˡ
Ұܹѩİȷǲڱܹṩİˡ
ѩĻ֪ҰԵİǽ
΢Ц뿪Цĵҿѩ˺裬˵󻹻ὫôõŮ֮⣬ħҲǰкˡ
鵺ҲЦŵֵܣǲѩŮ㶼ұ鵺ĹֵܵƸ̫˸еˣˣδ򿪣һЩڴˡ
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ѩЦݲ䣬ѩ̩ʾ̩ʣµĺӿɡ
ѩ̩Ӧһֽд򿪡
Ӹոմ򿪣һֱĸо֮У˶ܵһɳǵ⡣
ѩ˸ǸеڷеٶȶӿһЩǶ΢΢Щݣ֪⵽ʲô챦
ڤһأѩ̩ı˳Ӵ򿪣ѩԼѩеڶʾš
ǷҰնɱã˴óһٰ룬ʣ˲١
ѩе˶¶ݣڤǾŴеһ֣ˮϵ𣬶ˮϵʿ˵ŴٽСΪ޾ô
콾һСľаձԶʮֵļ۸ˡ
˴ηҰóıڤһӣЩڤļֵҲϵһмʥļֵˡ
ңѩ˵ⱱڤøѩѵֵֶǵջ
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¶һ˿ЦѾ˼ŵõ̴һžаû뵽ڷҰóһӵıڤ𣬻治֪Ұϵʲôܡ
ܹڷѩеȫޱ嫺ĴҰ޴Ҳе
ôıڤ𣬱ıҲеô౱ڤǱ壬ǾԲóƸġ
Ǳ岻Ѿ¹Ƹ뽫ʥŮƳ޸Ұˡ
ʱ򣬾֪ҰĳɾͲҲֻܸҰӲȥˡ
зǳͳڤۼֵ»ϲ͵ıӵļֵҪ֪Ӷ֮౦ļֵɱһĵǹҪǿö࣡
ҰνЦЦżδ𣿵ĸеĶ͸ܷܷģϣܷܷ
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ѩܷܷǺЦƮȻߵĸǰ
ĸӸһ򿪣һضϢ˿ˬá
ѩһǡÿˣ˳߰ϱˮϵ컯飡
һ£ѩебȫ̲סվ˭Ҳû뵽ҰȻͳ컯飡
ѩܷܷϹҸЦݣڶչʾŰеĶҫԼİ
ŰȥͼһɫĻ侲ķУ߶ɫӳŹɫʣá
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ҰȻ߰ϱƸ˶еһ㡣
Ҫӵ컯飬˭ǰƸ񰡣϶Լˡ
Ұ컯鶼óѩ嶼ظܵ˷Ұѩܷܷ顣
ȫȻݣ컯鰡ҰóƸǱ嶼ֻˡ
컯飬ǾԲóƸġ
ڣѩе˶ڷҰĿȫĹۣΪҰѾʤУȱиʺѩܷܷ䡣
ѩ˸ԽҰԽϲƸ񶼶ôı治֪ϵ׻ʲôܣѩУҰļֵͳ˱ļֵ
ѩĵҲĲƽЦŵСѻǳϰ߰ϱҶЩĶˣҳѩǰǿˣʽǸ
ҰЦѩʦˣҴӦܷܷҪ쳣ʢĻƸȻ̫ᡣ
ѩĵĿⲻԾһϣЩڴĵСǿΪ˴ϲңһеǰһеӹأ컯鶼Ѿˣ֪һеǺֱﰡ
Ұ§ѩܷܷȻЦ˵һѩ֮ֻԭˡϣѩʦԴ򿪣Ųʧġ
ѩԣЩ²⣬ƣ˰ϣһһӴ
Ӹһ򿪣ͼһŰҫ۵Ĺâһֺ嫵ɣ̲סҪС
ѩУѩѿڶг˼ĿỨ֡
ѩѩĲŷѩʧʷ֮Уѩ嶼ΪѩѾˣ˭Ҳû뵽ټһ졣
ѩУѩԼܹӵԱ֮ٿӲд
ѩУãǳãҰ̫ҸеˣѩĴˣھͿܷܷ㣡ѩĽеѩ˳״Ρ
Դӷѩʧ֮ѩѾʧȥѩУѩѰʮ궼δҵ˶ѾѰҵʱ򣬷ҰȻ˻ܲ


575 йλ
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ѩлصѩ壬ѩǿֹһЩصҲ˳ҲԶɱȣʥҲɱ
ѩеȫ𾪵ŴͣϹ˲ŵɫһ΢΢ü
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ѩлڰңҿûǿӲĽҰȥ˼ҾԲὫѩͻǵġ
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ѩɫֱ˪еѩ͸֣ԶǿͣħǹͬĵˣҲֵ̫ҰѩŮٶ֣Ҳֻö岻ˣ
ѩܹѩ֮ҲЩֶΣȻѡ˷ҰΪܷܷķʱάҲǲ
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ѩĵάҰΪӦΪѩô࣬ѩٲʾʾͻֱӴѩܷܷȥˣﻹѩԺΣ
ҰѩܷܷӣĿг˿顣
ѩܷܷȻЦҵľϲ̫ˣҵڶƵġ
Ұһѽѩܷܷӵ뻳У˵һʢĻġֻǶ飬ȵʱһΪҸ
ħ壿ߣұԸģѩ֮£ҲᣡĶǣߣһȻվ
峤µƸô죿滹һڱڣҲ̫ѩˡи겻ĵ˵˳
ѩĵĵλѷģȻδ̸ɣƸѩԵȫ˻
˵ţѩ֣Ůӷѩſڴ˽ÿŮ϶һ̡
һǰöڶ𡢱ʯֹ½ļƷʥϣϾǿӨӨıӡ
óҰóЩһȣֱ˲ֱӣ
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ѩеδ˵ǵĿж˱ģñ˶е޹⡣
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˻ȥֳڤǹһͷǰ㶢ŷҰ޺޵ĵҰұն㣡
ҰȻӦǰУڲУԺУٸңҾ𣡡
кݺݵ߬ȭͷͷҲص뿪ˡ


576 
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ʦ֣ҲɵĲϣϣʦܹҲһΣ½ǳмҲվ˸⡣
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˵ʦһҪϲܹƳһöҩҰôᣬҪĸɣ

ѩеڶȫһǣһЩСѾдѶˣгϴŴϹ
ʷӣܹƷǵҩиŷҰѯʣĿгڴ
ƷҩŽ£Ʒҩһ׵ĵףһһǡ
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ǰܹƳɵˣ⼸ҰƷҩĴ࣬Ժһֱš
ҰһֱһǧﲢʺԼĵƵӡһǧĵԼԼ⣬ҪγרԼĵ
ЩҰȻƵӡİ£ҰڸƷһЩƷÿһϸڶȻأڸֵҪÿһֲ϶͸΢
רԼĵδͣҰҲžԵİտƳƷɵƷǵҩҲźܴġ
Ұлһ֮ĸоֻҪֵγɣƷǵҩҲǲܣ


577 
ʱѯʣҰȻЦЦƷµĵҩҶƣ
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оƷʦҪϵĲϲƳһöƷɵϾͿƳһöб°

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ҪϲܹƳһöƷɵ⻹ֻǲϷ棬ڱķãҪ֧
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Ȼһжӵģѩе˶ӦǵĻҲƵȼ΢һЩĵҩġ
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ܹѩģȫǸеľͷʱҲʵʵŶӣһĸԸġ
ҰƵģ˼ĲɵΪҰȴӦģҷҰڲɵҲǳϤʧܣҲ֡
˼ɵĲϽѩܷܷ֮תҰѩš
ѩУҰѩд˲ƣֱӽƶ˳ֽƲɵÿһϸڶԺйһ飬ſʼ
ηҰʱõĵһǧĵǶǣЩĸо·Ƶġ
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Ҳ˷ҰΪѡһ¶ĹΪҪƵĵҩ϶ƷҩֵҩףжĴҪ
˿ѩܷܷװŲɵƿʱһ鼤ѣǶĿ˲ɵϵߵƣҫǵ۾һ㱡
ԷҰɵˣʱ޹ǣ
˼ӹѩܷܷеĲɵûڵĵлԸӡ
öɵҰһϾȫ㶨ˣʣµǸȻװ˷Ұ
ҰֽƵƷ쵤ͽɵ˳
ȵǵĵҩϣҰȽҪɵƳ˵
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һֲϿ˳Ұȫ뵽һֿľ֮Уеĵˮ˳
Ұ˶ǴĻƵģÿһһִתϰȻ
䣡䣡
׽£ɵڷҰУҩһ˵ĵϣ߲˸⻪ˡ
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һһĽ£߼ҩˮ㱻Сںѩܷܷ˳ȥ
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˷֣÷ҰˣδʧֻҪṩֵҩĲϣҰܹϱɵҩҰˮƽ˸𾪡
ǷҰƳƷǵҩǴ˵еЩʦҲȲˣЩ˵ҲὫ֮ϱ
ҰƵӡָľԼľҲͻͽš
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Ұ߲ܣҲһһǽҩ˳
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ٷְͻƵƾɵԪɵɵȵȣȫƷɵ
ڵ°£ҰʼƷɵǰĻۣҰƷɵˮɵ顣
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ѩн׾ûжϹȵϣҰǰǣȫΪһµϵҲ˽һ
µõĲҲ÷Ұǰδеĸʧܵʱ򣬻ÿһŵҩһͬϣƿռѶһѡ
ҰԼڸ̾ʦˮֱ࣡ؼǮҪ찡


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ҰԼҪȻ˳ŵԺлỹῪ¯Ȼһŵҩ˸ڴ
ʱУҰѩסʱľ࣬Լյĸֵ似Ҫϵͳһ
ҰȫڵУ̫̫໥ݻ͸һ˿ϢΪһɱС
һֱٶȤ½ҪӡϣȫӡеĴ
ҰѾȫһչ˲Ϣ
ߴ壬ȫȸĴУӡеĴҲһЩ쳣ǿ
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Ұоһһ񼼣ϧȴûκνչȻֻܹһʵԼķ
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ǣʱпǰЩ˵еĴˣҲ硣
еǧŮǶѩܷܷĽ֣ҰΪֻѩ壬ûнκοɽȫԼӮѩԼڶĳϣ
ΪѩܷܷҰͳȥҰӣֵиˣ
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Ұ΢΢еЩŹ֣ʵħʮжǰˣΪθˣкı
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ȻϢǶӵкھ˷ŵģֻҪǴﵽ˾ˣǲ콾ӣԽ뵽·֮С
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ҰҲףħĹؼʥͺ֮䣬ֻǸ磬Ťת˵
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ǿг޾˵༫֮ⶼǴǿзֵģҲڶʿӵһҪԭ
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콾콾н·һЩħҲʧҲ뵽ǿ֮УҪȥɱ콾ȻһЩħֵ췭ظ
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ҹͬ㻬Ұѩܷܷһ𣬴ŻСڣޱ嫺׷ҹ꣬δܽסҹ
ԶԶ͸ӦҹϢ춯ס˸ԵϢҹıؾ֮·ϡ
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ħͷħۣ֮ͭĴĴɨĵ˸ҹ
ҰӰиֳϲɱȻҹɱҪеµ
ҹ·˸ЦƵģЦǰֲָңָҰмСӣΪΪͿԳҫˣޱ嫺ԳưԣҹҲֻһٴ֪ͣﲻֹһˣͬﶼɣҺһҵ
ѩܷܷӰһУСڴҹԶո˳ҹµİ˴󻤷ԼʮλħΧС
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ҹɫһģһķҰǵһ񼼣ܹõ˳뻯ô˵ǷҰ
㵹˵ҵ֡ҰȻӦ
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ҰЦϻ࣬ҿ㲻ɣǸʵ
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ҹڼȡڤ
ҹȥ쵶ķҰͶŭն£âޱȣһ޵д̺Уһǰ
һҰǻ˶ʮҹӿ⣬ĥҹħ
ҹͷҰֵʱѩܷܷҲʣµħ彻֡
Щħʣߴ󻤷Ĵ£ϵķǳĬһ޴ĴѩܷܷʱҲֻܸǴƽ֡


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˸õԶҹȷҰ˺ĻҪԶһЩ
ǷҰȴأǱͷͬʱԱ߶ʮҹؼԷֳ쵶ӭУ൱˶Ըҹ
Ҳǽҹѹ·磬ûռݾԵƣҲòС
ҹԼȡڤϵǿԼƣɲô׶Ըġ
ҹҰˣҲ¶һ˿ݣֲĿǸŶʮҹķҰһۣ¶һĨȻɫЦѹôԭµؼҲ͵Ϊֹˣڤ죬򷨲֣
ҹڤȻϯˣɫħ˽ҹڣҰĶʮҹȻ޷ĥ˿ħ
ҰҲϣ˫־ٱ䣬һֻ̫ŽڸУ죬貣צת۵ҹǰ
ҹ߾ɸֲ棬ǰֲз߿ͷɫиֲгצҰ
ҰŭХһ쵶ĵһĨ貵âǰϣӰһã쵶ĵҲϡ
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ۼ׶ƽ壬ٴλΪƬƬħҹϣҹеɸֲҲѳأֱͷӲӵ̫Žڡ
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չᣬ˲ϢȻҰԶԶ˲ϢĵزٶҲƼ£ת۾͵ҹߡ
ҰңңһУһޱ嫺гŴͣ׺ݵҹ
ҹЦһиֲһͽնɱΪؾʧڲС
δҹϵЦʧ͸еһĵ׵̧ͷȥͼһ乬ҹħ
ħǿƵѹ£һӾͽҹ
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ҰֱоһӳԼϣףħҹϵˣ֮ˣҹòˡ


581 콾
ҹףʣµǸڶٸеľһ񣬱ѩܷܷԺ˪Ӱնһֱۡ
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˪ӰһնϣֱӽնһƬ
˪Ӱд˪ƣֱӺǸħĶͷϣǸħһڵı顣
ѩܷܷеĺ˪ӰһǸħһѿѩܷܷնɱ
ʣµħսԳ˷롣
δ룬ͼҰȫӨӨĹ⻷ϢǵأѻΪǧӰƬնڡ
ﬡ
ϵǧɫͬʱն̳ʣµħһܵȫնɱħѪȾεɫ
ҹĵȫûκһħߡ
ҰڶħʬȫħһٸһӴ֮뼺ڤڤ֮е˸ĸӦ
һսҰڴø̣˾ڵƿֻҪһͿԽ뵽ھ硣
ҹ㻹һЩħҲʲô˻ޱ嫺е徻ࡣѩܷܷ¶һ˿ɵЦݡ
ҰͷЦħе̫ˣҲֻܾԼŬһЩвħЩΪһħ壬ҲûȥһһնɱֻܿеԸˡ
ս󣬷Ұûٻѩ壬˸ͣ
Ұ˰µʱ䣬ԼҹսĵεζһĶࡣ
Ȼ󣬷ҰֽЩħȫ˵ҩҰѾͣħĻ籾Դ֮֮ʮҩһµĵҩ
ֵҩѾƷ֮УҪĻ籾Դ֮ǳӴҪħϾʬΪԭϣſƶɣԼΪ
һŵҩֵһʿʮޣ
ҰҲֻƳ߿ŵҩָѩܷܷͻСһһţ֮󣬶еԼΪ־ࡣ
ֵҩҰ֮ΪԪ
УҰҲûȥ
ҰǰʱѩаһϣҴ󲿷ֶƷҩĲϣһЩƷƷĵҩһֱûὫЩƳɵҩȫɵҩˡ
£ϽײϣһһŵƷҩ˳һٶö
Ĳɵһ߻߾ɵǿɵ߾ʿٶȵľɵԪɵȵȡ
Щҩеκһţ綼޴ĺ䶯ڷҰȴȡá
Ұֳʮöҩѩܷܷͻ顢Сڣ˵ҩĸǵΪνǽ١
ȵҰ϶ɵҩԺѩܷܷѯʵܷܷеħʲô
µʱ䣬Ұһֱڵз鲢ô˽⣬ѩܷܷȻѩ屣ϵзһЩ¶
ѩܷܷ΢вתħʮ󲿷ֶˣʣħ岻ˡΪڶ콾ӹ·ǿգʣµЩħ嶼øײУɱ
ѩܷܷͣ£ּԴҶǿգ綾ٴθƵʮɱƴ½аҰ
Ұ˫Ŀӹһɱ綾ǲɱһħմѪȣҰ¶ģһҪն˾綾
ͬʱҰҶҲǳӣȥ׷ɱ綾Ҳɱ˾綾뿪Ȼôⶾ֣
Ĵ½ڶ콾׷ɱӵԪ½ٿص𡢺Хɽ쫷ѣ¾Ĵ½ǧ飬Ԫ½˿ɿ⣬˵ĴҦѾϹȥˡ
֣Ƶ뿪Ĵ½Ҳ뵽ǿ֮С
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Ĺɱ뼫ڤϽ޳ʥߡ
һϢѩܷܷ˵÷ҰڣָеһȣɻĵѵĴĴ˶ûнǿ𣿡
ѩܷܷҡͷԹĹӢڣꡢĴĴˣ·տʱ򣬴·֮СΨен·Щ콾֮ǲŻ̤뵽ǿգһֱľػֵþ塣
ҰԵͷ뵽˵ǣںѹĳħʱƷʥóû˿ԥѾĴŵĴͳˣȷ˾塣
ĴŴ˵δ÷ҰеһЩο
еʿȫ˿ǲı
лûзĴ£Ұٴѯʳ
ѩܷܷ½ڵ󳾳ɽնɱ½Ű;ͥڤѰɱ¾֮ӽ֮ǿɱ
Ϣ÷ҰЩܣҲûпնħ콾
Ұ֪󳾲̫ƽӹɱȷǿ
ҰڤԸҲ˽һЩҲǸŰԵͺֱײɱ¾Ҳɱ¾ù
ѩܷܷԣҰ˫΢УȻ綾СƬ½ϣΣǾȥƴ½ն˾綾ȻȥԪ½ɱնǣеһЩʵǿħ壬Ҳǰ·һˣ
ԾԾԵĵһﶼҪϴ󣬲Ƿֿˣɩȥɱ綾Һͺ̿ͷȥɱˡ
ѩܷܷ΢΢üͷҡͷǵ¶Уޱ嫺ûͨƴ½еĴ󣬵ͨԪ½ĹϴʹԪ½ƴ½ڣҾǻȥԪ½ɱȽϺʡ
ҲãǾþ綾죬ǾȥҰͷ
£ѩܷܷѩ巢˸Ϣ˵һһ˾ʹ뿪죬дʹľ͵˹ȥ


582 챮
ޱ嫺޼ʣĴ͹ҲҪǷòܴﵽ
Ұһޱ嫺за֮ԶԶͼһϵ챮ڲ̺֮䣬һɺ嫶ԶϢ
ű쳣ĺƴ󣬱ȷҰΰɽҪӵΡ룬ƣۻ롣
ңԶҰ͸ܵһﱾԴϢתű϶һصĻɫʣƣء
챮Ұſڵ˳
㷽Ұû챮ڼ챮ʱҲѾȷˣ챮ڶĻ챮
챮ؼ乲оſ飬ֱеľŴ챮ޱ嫺еǿ顣
챮ҲؼĶʮʮ컯飬ƶҪǰ
ǰĻ챮ҰĳȣǴ˵е񰡣ޱ嫺Ρ룬ۻԵ
ҰĿȥͼŻ챮ʧ챮ϼصڶҲ¶˳
һҰ̲סһ챮֮أаѾг˽еļʣµĴ󲿷ֶѾˣһɢ⣬̲סĤݡ
÷ҰȵǣƶɻҰ޹⣬ǻھ֮ʱʲôʣõû챮ӦƶĴˡ
ҰŻ챮·𿴵һƬȾѪսսƴɱŭ𣬲رݡ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ򣬷ҰԺоȻûɵķһͷҪ챮֣
磬ôˣѩܷܷʱֹǰеķҰ
Ұһ˹˫ĿӹһĨȻɫµĶűһۣһ̫ˣղҾȻһҪԻ챮ֵĴ㣡ǵ˵вֹһԻ챮֣ȫ⵽˷ɡոĳˣҲ׶༪ˡ
ѩܷܷɻĵûаҸոʲôûӦ
ҰĿתСϣãȻҡҡͷСȴ΢΢üͷϴҸղҲҪ챮ֵͷֻǸͷأѹ
Ұĵ׳ɻ󣬿Сڣֿѩܷܷͻ飬ԺкȻһ⣬Ҫץסʱʧ
챮ſ飬ڶŴСڣ飬ɡ
һͷڷҰԺҰɵð̾˿ղźץסʲôֻһʱ벻͸еǳź
챮ٺ١ħȻЦ͸һӱȴûж˵ʲô
ҰֱħӦ֪Щʲôħ˵ǷҰҲ޷˵
𣿿˾߰ɣٺ٣ֻҪ㲻϶ģħҰһֱǰ̲סߴ
ҰҡҡͷҲûѩܷܷˣƹ챮ڣޱ嫺˹ȥ
һ·ϣҰ̲ס룬챮Թշʲôܣ
˵вֹһͼշ챮Щ飿
ҪΪ
챮ôãеǿ޷շħеǿҲ޷շ
ҰܸоԼץסʲôҪҪ࣬ʼղôһ÷ҰҲֻʱ˻챮˼
ȵҰһ˷ɳűַΧҰȻЩĵĻͷ˼£ͷҲص뿪
һҪޱ嫺гԶĴ͹ҪȥԪ½նҲô
;綾ŰƬ̣ɱҰͶ˱ɱ֮ģ˵ʲôҪвħγ
Ұһޱ嫺н˼֮һ޴ĺ
Ϊ䵺쳣ĺƴ󣬱֮һСʹ½Ҳˡ
䵺룬һ޴ĳУֱȡǣƴ󣬱һЩ½ϵĴлҪ
Ұֱǵ룬ܿʹȥԪ½Ĵ
˵Ԫ½еľŴ֮һǱһʥ;ǿⴳ룬ŽԪ½˥䣬մӾŴ˳
ԶĴ͹󣬿¾Ǹʱġ
ʹҰû˼ȥ˽⣬ڸ˲ƵĴ֮Ǵʹ𣬽ȫˡ
Ұ˶һʱմҵĸо·֮У˿ˣĳضķƮҡš
ãҰ˵һ죬ȻǼ˱״̬˳
ĿԪ½ҰЩŵĵԪ½ô˻


583 Ԫ
籯ХҶ㣬һƬ谵ƬؼһɳƲҵϢ
Ұһ˳ĴʹҲǽڳ֮УǽһƬ֮ϣĴǶϱڲԫĲݴѻķ˲֪ˡ
ѩܷܷתĴһϴԣһʥͺڵǿ⽵ٵԪ½Ԫ½ֵͿ̿ڷǳʥ͡
ѩܷܷͣ£ּħʥ͹Ԫ½˴սһսԪ½֧飬ʥŰʹԪ½ȫΪﵽĶٺ٣е磬ֵǿ߾͸ϡˡ
ҰðԵͷ֮УڣΨʮ֮գŻо콾֡
һҪ֤ʵ̫ˡħʥѰ򣬻ԶԶڣֱܵУ
Ұһ˴Ӵʹ߳ǧﶼûκһ̣һЩ߼޶ûпֻһЩδҰڻɽּεǶԪ½е˸̵ʶ
Ұɴץ˸ޣֱѯһԪ½֪Ҳޣֻ֪ϷǧۼĳС
ҰûΪǸƷۣѩܷܷ˾ͳϷи˹ȥ
Ǹϵųǧ֮ڵʱΧཥҰֱӰƷۣЩʿѯϢ
Щ˵ҰΪȫɵôҰһеɲ֮ЩҲȫϲ
Ƕ֪ҰΪ˶ԸʱøбæԸİɣǰ𡢺Хȵ߸һʮ˵ĴС紫Ҧ֣նɱĸ֣ȴش֪ںδӦҲˣӵ˶ʮలɽУûʲôϢ
߸һʮ˵ĴУҰеɱ˲絶ȻֱɥĲұն
ѩܷܷҲ΢΢üСҲŭĲ̸е쳣ķŭ
ҰִһЩϢͺѩܷܷ˳Ʒ۸లɽС
һ·ϣҰĿ꣬ѹĺۼصҽսɽ֡紵ķݡˮ͹ĳ򡢲˵޴ѷũȵȡ
ݹǱأҰҰ·˺ҧʬ壬ضѪȾ˰ɫɪɪԻ밧
ЩۼһʱµģȻγɵѡ
Ұ³⼸֣ɱ絶޲ھͽնڵ¡
ѩܷܷҲɱǰ˵綾ɱ飬û뵽Ҳɱ˶飬Զ紫ԵΣҪ󣡴˲
ѩܷܷҲ֪ô˺Σʮֱ࣬顣
Щ飬ֳԶ֪ġ
ϴȥɵȫҫ۵Ľ⡣
ߣСɱȻ
ǵǰУԪ½ϵֻԽԽ࣬едȼգֲ꣬գ
ʱ󣬷Ұһ˾లɽУԶԶģҰͿԶɽǷħգలɽڸڣʱʱĴһħĵ㺮
̤లɽУҰͼһɴĴŮԶһ
Ծ䣬ǸŮһڷҰ˵ǰ
Ǹֻʮ߰Ů죬ݱһɴڣϳ鶯ĵϣͶ֮䰵ϴ
ڷҰ˴˵ʱŮҲڴҰˣҰ֮Ů΢¶һ˿΢ɲĲſڷһӣ㶼ûȥ콾Ĺ·
ŮȻݺ㶯̰࣬͸һ˿ȵ
Ұ¶һ˿ɫֵĵʶ
Ůδժɴȴܹ˸ܵһ˿Ц⣬ĵҼĻӦûʶңҦ࣬硣
ҰȻЦԭҦ࣡
ҦЦЦתͷѩܷܷλؾµܷܷɣ
ѩܷܷ΢Ц·˼Ӱ㶯ˣ˵Цˣ£
ܷܷͲҪǫˣԸ֮Ƹ壬д÷зˣܷܷڿ¼ŮӶΪĽ֮ˣҶЩˡҦĻдһ˿Ľ
ѩܷܷ޵˷Ұһۣһɬ죬ӿֳһĨҸɡ
оԼⱲ˵˷Ұ
ѩܷܷȴĴ˾壬һֱڰػûΪ
ҦЦŵǼûм̤ǿգвͱҲǹû
Ҫҵػϣħƣÿ˿Զػ˵ġֻҪһ¶⣬ħҲ㲻ʲôҰЦ
ԵΪңκθҰļһԵᾡֹҦǳЦ˵Ļȴ
ò˵Ů֮Ľȷ󣬽仰ѩܷܷҦ֮Ĺϵͺõĸ׽Ƶġ
Сʶһۣһҡҡͷһȫ޷ӡ
ҰҲһ˿ЦݣҦսкֶΣ
ҦĿ¶һ˿أΪھԲ磬ԴڵˮֱԴ֮ɲٿص𡢺Хҽ緢սնϴұһа֮˵Ҳ˿µΪӦͻ˿ķӡöԸ
ҰҲ˽⣬ֻҦ˿еЩ⡣
ƺǸӦ˷ҰľȣҦЦŽ͵ߵûҪôȡ
ѹ֣˵£Կ飬ִͬСɡҰͷ͵Ŀһ䡣
ҦЦЦҲΪնɱİɣǡȬǾһȥɡ
ҰŵЦЦˣġ
Ҧ΢΢¶һ˿ɻɫͼҰһսף
Ӵలɽкɽ嶼ʯɽҡض
ʲôˣ𣿡
ҼҴҲȲ㣡
Ŀ֮లɽҰɱ

Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ٷħలɽ˳ÿһħжһͷ۴ǵħ壬һɱڵĳŷҰһ˸˹
ҦĿɿڴȻЩħʦȻ㲻ʲôǺúܲס˶డǲ̫³ç˵㣿
ҰϹһĨЦ⣬˫ĿսڣǿƵĵ̫鷳ȻΪʮħ֮һ󣬾;᲻սħ壬һɱ˱ǣǡÿΪȥͬ𣡡


584 
ͽɣһȣһħƴָķŷҰǵصѹɫ⻪ҫĲ
Ұƶˣ־һתһͷյĽڳչգ취ȫ޷
̫𣡡ħϳ˽ڵıԴг˾
ҰȻһգԵ쵶УһԽĵһɨ˹ȥ
쵶ɨһɺƴ֣֮·ӶһƬ硣
쵶ķʮλħ嶼ĵ
Ұڵ˸򣬽ֳһնƶشƶشƻΪһ쵶նһ赲
ɱڷΧһһȺ˫
â죬ħӰ£ȫâն꣬⡣
ҰӶǰħ嶼նһƬյħ嶼ҰԵļסˣٿ
ηͽలɽҰǾͰ°ɣһۻŭԶĲӿֹһյħƣһħħ֡
ħȫƬ϶ֳֻɽͼȼգŭɽΡۻ룬ŭİȫʵһ㡣
ҰаȻҲ˼ĵزѾʼؼӡô׶Ըġ
½Ұն㣡Ұ뵽·ϵţԪ½ĥĴˣ÷Ұг˷ŭһͳɱ˹ȥ
Ұȭͷһͷ񿥷Ƿȭͷϸ˳ͨɫƬžӨ⣬ڹб
ֱӻһֻ֣ŵˮӿ·ݻƵģŷҰͷ£񷡣
䣡
ҰһȭͷϣԵһȭǿƵĽִһ͸̺ĵҰ׵Ĵг˳ٶȲĳ
ڱ۰һһ۳һұ۳ȫ͸˿˿ԣһֺ嫵ǵصӿƵġ
ҰһϷһ䣬ɫֱгͬХ죬
ɣҰڽսеǼһΪһͷյ˲䵽ߣٶȿ쵽¡
˫΢Ǵ̵֣ץ£ȵ̫磬
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ҰһһչΧķ֮ȫ飬ͷ­ץȥ
ǷϵԴޣǰ÷ԵУһòǹˡ
ҰצͷȻһ̫ħɽͨڵħبŲԲԵϢǸңԶʱն
䣡
צץ̫ħɽϣһ޴ĺ̫ħɽɹס˷ҰıɱһҰһҲ̫ħɽɽץ鿪
һδ̫ܽħɽץ飬÷ҰеЩ⣬ϸӦ̫ħɽϢҰиӷŭˡ
̫ħɽǲɼеһɽƶɣɽϻһŵĵڣǵȫħɽ֮Уó
̫ħɽһɽΪ½ɽϣȻȡѪһħɽħ졣
ƣҰͻأĻΪ壬ȭͷϹâҫۣһȭһȭĺ̫ħɽϡ
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ţҰͿһͷӵص׳˳󺣰嫵ҽһۿͷ
֮ȫ壡裡кǷڵҽٻΪһͷͷޣŻҰ
Ұ󻯳һֻɽߴĺɫ꣬ںˮظس㲦޶븹С
ŭηĳ嵽ߣжһֻȣֻǻҲһ¡
ҰٿôƷలɽĸɽҲѪۡ

Ұ̫ӼһѪڡ
ȥɫѪɫŷҰЦûֱ£ҳħˮ𡢻֡س֣죡
ŭȣХˮϣһ죬زã໥֯һƬ磬Բﶼڣ뵽һƬУĹӰ֡
Сںͻ顢ѩܷܷһնɱʣµħ壬ͻأı֮УŭСڡ
񻷣סСȣе񻷼˳ȥֱϮ
ֱӼһѵʥǰԱ񻷵ͷ
֣ȣͼǻϢĲѿһĴѷ죬һֻֻɫĴִץĴرѣ飬񱩣߽⣬ͷ·һʵƵġ
Ұһ˱ڻ֮У֮Ҫѳȥȴʼղôһ㡣
֮УҪΧǶһֻֻɫƬֵĹ͸˹ʱģӼ֮󣬷ҰҲЩϢɢˡ
ѣٴδ𣬷Ұһ˶оһصּȫѪȡ֮
Ұһص֮ǹ˳ȥ
䣡
ᣬҰһսڵϣĻ綼նˡ
ѩܷܷ˵ɫ΢΢ЩףɫǺף˿˿ѪȫϢɢҲ
޹ܵ˼صķɡ
˿£ĪΪ飡Ҧüгɫ˿ߣ֯һƬȥ
һػϧ˿ȴ޿ײ룬ӱӱм䴩˹ȥӡϣֱû뵽ڡ
Ҧһ˿ջأֻ˿ȴһС꣬ڿš
Ҧ˳ֽ뵽һƿУƿţͼϧȴ޼¡
ҰЩȵҦһۣıҦֶ𺳡
ֱϵĹҰǺټ
治֪ϴҦα˵ġ
ƺ֪ҰʲôҦЦЦ͵ҪôңҲֻǹЩˣֻܳ˵ʱ֣ȻҿûóһС
Ұʼ磬ҲĶ뵽ħУ쵶ȥնɱħˡ
Сںͻ顢ѩܷܷҲһ𣬶ΧħչѪɱ¾սӵʮħ壬ʵˣҲҦС


585 ʬ
Ԫ½лħŰҲԪ½һЩõӰ죬ΣǾҪС̫ˣǿĥԪ½ʿ
Ԫ½еʿȫֳƿ졣
֮ҦȥĴԼҪҰҲδ
Ҧߺ󣬷ҰһҲ뿪ֱӳƷۣƴ½ڵķȥ
Ǽ˴ս֮ʱҲԪ½ʿڸֻǵΪ£岻ֻ֣ԶԶ
ȵߺϢڼ̵ʱڴ˳ȥ
Ԫ½Űãˣ޲ֳƿ죬ɱķҰһˣǸм֡
Ԫ½лһЩħδ壬Ԫ½еڶʿȴη壬ǶħҲǲɿ⡣
Ԫ½˼Īʱ򣬷Ұһ뿪Ԫ½
Ԫ½ƴ½ûи޾󣬽һ޾ɽΪɽ
ɽʮƣΡ룬ΪһԽǵ
ɽ֮УһǿɽƣҪɽϿշɹҪһǧɽѹľ޴ѹѶȡ
ɽƣѾһЩǿĽˣһȻĽ
ΪɽƵԵʣ½֮Ȼȴ
ҰһҪƴ½òƬɽ롣
ǷɵɽķΧ֮ڵʱԵĸоɽƵĸоѹƷ۶ҡҡ׹
ǵ룬߶ƷҪøˣһѶѵϾ˷ĩ
㷽Ұ۲ƣʱҲЩԲˡ
飡Ұò˻顣
ĵϴ󣬽Ұɣ
˵ţϵһɫĹ⻪ܿͽƷ۶ڡ
˶پƷ۶ˣȫܲеѹˣٶȱһƵʧԶ
֮󣬷ҰһѾƴ½֮Уǿƴ½е֮һȫ۾ŭߡ
ŲɫľֲԿݰܣǰɫ洦ɼʬǣİ׹ǣɢȻж
˵Ԫ½ǻƴ½ֱˣκݼ䡣
Ұɱ糱һԲĴ߶ƷǰС
Խƴ½ߣе־綾֮ҲŨĲȱʬԽ࣬ģҲ޵ġ
ʬ滹һЩĶҺڸʴʵķκεҰһֻ
Ͼ
Ұһ˵жһɿ񱩵ŭȼգԾ綾˱ӡǣӵĺǣҲԥ׷ȥնɱ
ǧڷھ綾Уֱ㲻ϣ
һһ޴ĳ֮еʱ򣬶ʱеɱҲ޷ܣɱֱϲڤҰǧĲ񷶼ûڵء
·ҲĴǣֻȫûյ֣һѹֵţݹǴɼ˿š
ʮ࣬Ϊ˿ݹǣΪһѹֵǣ
Ұȭͷ߬Ŀ֨죬ҧгݵĵ綾ɱ֮
޿ײ룬󲿷ֵػԵֵסܣһ޴ĳжδ⣬治֪綾ʲôġ
ҰһмУʱٴμӰЩȫϷɫĶһ¶δ
ҰƷۣһλ뷢԰׵ǰѯʵ˼ңƮҵΪնɱ綾Ƿ֪綾ںη
ǸһԻǵӣŷҰƬ̣ЩĵǴ½ģ
ҰͷӦǣͼǸ˻ǵ˫ֳһĨϣĹæǸħǴ½̫ˣ˵ѾȥҲ巽λ
Ұָǣ׼ȥ
΢£ѵˣҲһЩˣҪƴ½ϧն綾ɱǾ綾ıǳûаգǲҪȥˣðװ׶
ҰλЦЦһɱâȻ綾ɱ飬ţ֮½޾綾˼ң͵źϢɣ
Ұһλ˸ȥԦƷۣƵĳ
ԽǿĶԽŨͬһƬƬɫƮƵģڰƮ裬ĸܵǿҵĸʴԡ
·ϣȻǿκݹǱأ簧
綾ҹҰ̲סŭȣۻｭɽоþò
Ҫ˺嫵Ĵ½ҳ綾ӰҪʱ̫ˣ֪жھ綾Уֱӽļ򵥿١
ĸ֪ߵغļһˣһҹɰĹЦһƬɫħƴԶٶܿ˷Ұǰ
ƻһұɫͷģ˸ѪɫĹһݿµħͷ֣֮նŤΡ
綾ҰһһٵıȳмŹɱԪ½ڶԩһУʿض赲ص˾綾ϡ
ۣ
֮£綾ػſһѪ˽ɲͣ¡
綾ŭĵȡɣ
ҰһϧԪ½ڶվ֮ѹȾ綾Ȼֻþ綾һѪû˽ǣ綾Ϊȷɲ⡣
רŴ綾Ϣ֪綾ڽ֮ǰʱǸڵʿħʮǱȽСĴڣԴӽ뵽֮󣬾綾Ϊſʼͻͽ
Ұ֪¾̫ԵʣЩȥȫϾȫħͷȥħͷ϶طתΪԼΪŻ˺
еĹϵҰŭʢȻ綾¾򣬽Ҿڶȥֻһ
綾ܶһƮĶʧڲУŷҰЦһȺģΪԼ˾ͿԺɨһˣ࣬ҳԵҲˣǣҾͿ̤ʥ磡
Ұ΢һϾҪʥˣֽٶȵȷЩֲˡ
ҰɱȻĵǷԺɨҲɨ㣡ɣ
Ұδ䣬˾ͻһͷȥȫÿһͬ˫쵶ɱ綾
Ҿ綾֣һ潻Ļ뵶ɱ綾ֽг
ҰȻоͷһһãһ׹ղŴӾ綾ƮɢƮƵĶȻϢ͸Լڣ
ҰæĬƵӡתۼ˹
ţҰͿ綾һѪɫͷͷͷд˷Ĺ֮һҵĸо


586 Χɱ
䣡
Ұ˼ļ쵶Ե쵶ųһ貵ĵâ˲һնǸѪɫͷϣһƴĺ
Ұ˺ĬƵӡԼʶѣѪ¯̫һȦڵЩɢ
ͷȥѩܷܷͻСڵҲڵĶɢΪԶеĶҲȷҰҪö࣬ɢҲס
綾ħʮ֮һ뵵ĶڷҰ˺¾뵽ڣһˣһ¾Ҫ綾ˡ
綾޿ײ룬ѹƴ½лôˣ־綾ϡǧҲһ߿Գܵ˵ġ
綾ͷϵħɢ̹⣬˫ĿѪĶŷҰˣЦǼһﵹЩ£֮ҾʮְտԽʥˡ
Ұ˵ϻֱӺȵСڣ
Сԣϸֳһɫ⣬ӭǣ˲仯Ϊǧ򣬱˴˽֯һƬž綾˹ȥ
񻷣ԭǣ綾ѿڶµ˷Ұһ˵ݡ
ҰնɱͻƵĶطѣʹħ壬ڷҰһˣ綾ҲЩɵ
ۼ񻷳綾¶һ˿صɫһģĿ֮±һƬ翵Ķ񻷵ķ϶˳ȥԶֻԼı塣
޷ס
٣񻷻סңҾǱ춾˿綾ЦһȫƬ϶֮мǧɫ˿ߡ
ɫ˿֮նʴһѷ죬˲䵽˷Ұһߣ˶ڡ
ﬣ
˪Ӱʣһڵ˪˿߶óٻ
ݡ
Ʒ𣬻ȫĽɫ䣬Ϊһҫ𳤽һɹϢγһƬУеĵȫն鿪
ľĽ;߱ϵͷϵԣľĳǡ޾Ŀǡ
綾ɫ΢䣬һӣЩĶٴ£ֻѾ˽룬ԥĽƬ뵽·
ЩɽУɽЩͿݰܵľԸٶȿήţľеһȡתΪɫĶĶٴλָ
ҰȻѹƴ½еڶľȫݰˣԭȡ
Ұͷתȴ˿ͣһͷӲӵ̫ŽڱһֺշڰУɢױȵȣһɹյϢǵصϯ
Žڸյĳ綾ϵĶ죬ۿɼٶɢ˿
ֺȫ̫̺գڶĿƣСڵǧҪʤһ
綾ŭӣɫƬĴһУһīɫУһ֣͸һ˷Ĳҽޱȡ
Ұеɱһ˶㣬īɫжĻǣ͸ѹƶϣа꣡
Щ˶ھ綾еԩ꣬Ѫⱻ綾ɻΪȫĶҲ綾طħ֮С
ЩһԹ죬ԲֱеģǱ綾ԸطĥԹȫ˳ħᦵǿ
ĥ֮ʱһܲסĥҷʣµЩһС֡
Ҳ˵綾ɱ飡
綾ұذٱħ壡ҰİŭȳиֳǱ쵶죬һƥâ
綾ħչǧźħӿһӽҰնǵâסһĺ졣
һ£ħǧԩ걻âն飬ЩԩҲɹǵâ޷綾
綾Ŀ˸Ų̵ɫѪ촽ЦҰǰɣղһնеǧꣿоɣҪﻹа꣬ɱԺȥطץȡꡣ
ҰĶڵѪ˫Ŀ絶ĵûлˣӻħ壬Ҳһն㣡
綾ҡҡͷ̾Ǹõط޾ɱѪǶᦣֻҪɱɾħɱǲܣ˵ʵһ治˷꣡
Ͳ˷ˣСڣסħᦣҰһ쵶Ϊһ壬͸һ޵еĺ嫴ƣƺնƵģ˲䵽˾綾ߡ
ͬʱСеҲ˳ȥ˲ھ綾ǰεסħᦡ
綾ʹק˼ȴãϸƬӿֳһĨصɫʣϵķеħᦣſһӡҰն쵶
һӡӭǣܿͻΪɽСȫɭɭ׹Ǿۺ϶ɣԶҺ׹Ŀݹɽ
䣡
쵶նھ޴İ׹Ǵӡϣĵ޵е׹Ǵӡնһѷ졣
綾ܵҲ˽ɲֹͣɫĿ¡
ѩܷܷһ£̤Ųƣһ綾ǰ˪ӰٳһƬƬڵ˪ƣֱϮ綾š
綾òٴμ׹Ǵӡ˺˪Ӱһ׹ǴӡٴζһѺۡ
һ߲㱦ž綾ȥ׹Ǵӡصײ˳ȥ
綾ѹƣϳ˱ŰҡеħᦣɫĵǶҪʴǣ
ž綾£ɫһӱɫǶ˿˿ɫѪһɷ·ڤаϴ
аȫһϵĶ۶ɣԹ֮˼䣬ﲻʴ
ʵ壬ɫ綾ӵе̫ӴˣȻʵ幥ɼɱ˶顣
Ĺ⻪Сڿ֧ţǿסħᦡ
Ұе쵶ҲջصڣоһаԼϣ·ƹ֮ʴԼ
ҰϽ̫һȦڵװγ
ѩܷܷȫ˪Ӱһϵȫ
СҲеԼϵ
ڻ飬һ鶼ûУųеľ綾һ貵Ľ⡣
綾Ȼȫ޷ŵųĻ飬֪ΪԼķѱԴ߶֮ȴ޷ԻɼκӰ졣
ȫϳһλʥҲаտֹʥƬֻ̣ôһ鶼ûУ
룬Ѿߣɫɨ˹ȥ
綾׹ǴӡǰٴһѺۣۼ֧Ų˶ˡ
ʱ綾۽ǵⶸȻһһţһȵ˲ϢǰǾȻǸƴСȸ


587 Ʈ
綾˫ĿкһüгһаӣӭǣԼڣһ޵ʥ
䣡
ȸصײǿа֮ϣһɥӺаĹ⻪ȥհһû뵽˾綾üġ
аӱҲһƷʥɾ綾æ֮¼޷ӳʥӦеܣƬ̾ͱҰȸȥ˱ܣ޷ٴٻ
ҰٴλΪ壬˫Ŀ絶һ㣬ֻ̫Ϊˮ£ֻ̫ڸգݺݵӡ˾綾ϡ
綾ϵըѪڣյ죬ϢɢҲ
綾ĿڶһĨҶûб˱ƵǱηҰ֣ҶвҪܵΣ֮С
綾ϵȥҪٴλΪ綾֮ˡ
綾Ҳϣסħᦶԥֻ԰Ȼѡ
飡Ұһ֡
һչһɫû뵽˷Ұ֮С
䣡
ţƶӷҰг˲ͱգƬ񷶼ѹ·
ƶ綾г˲ţٵһӾֹ
ƶ̿գϵȫͬһ㣬һ嫵ΰס˾綾
ҰԾ綾ĺѾﵽ˶㣬ȫƶҪ綾뵽ƶ֮С
綾˫ĿһĨɫʣΧĶˮӿ뵽ڣٴʵ͸һɲұ֮ɫ
ˣ
ȻӾ綾ļ׵гһɫϵÿһƬƬӨ͸ɣΧƣ͸һԵ
Χž綾뵣ֵסƶǹ
Ұȵž綾ѿڵ֦
֦ľϵ컯еһ֣綾ǽ֦ŵֵסƶɡ
綾˵Ҳ֦컯鶼ܹŪõô׾Ϳɱġ
Ұһϧƶ״̬Ļ˵һ컯ˣ컯Ҳ׾ٵĽЩ컯鶼ɽȥ
ɫƶƿռ֮УɫеҩĻ϶ﵽҩļôҩƶָҲǳ죬ӵеѾڳʥ
ֻƶָҪ̫ˣҪȫָҲǶʱڿġ
һҷģӴ֮Ҳ̤벽ȵħұضһ尲ȫ綾֧֦ټģȫûĴ򶨡
㲻ѰЩħһһһʰˣҰĮɱ졣
綾̫ˣҰ͸˱ӡԴħ壬ҰӲ
ƶס˾綾֮пʼ綾綾ʱҺ
շģΪѡڵģȵħ٣˿ɿ񶼲У綾ʧĲҺ
ҵһ죡Ұû˿
ȻҪɱңǾƴ½˸ɣѪ⾫Ϊؾ綾ʴǣݣ綾ȼŷɫиֳһħƣһɺ嫵š
ţ綾صһըʮϰӿ˷ƶ޷סƴ½Ͽնһ㵭ζɫ
ҰһžĲԼľ綾ӡʧˣ׾綾ȷѾˡ
ֻǣ綾֮ʱؾ綾һַǳĸоежǿԱȾ綾ǰƴ½еĶҪĶࡣ

ӴӾ綾׹ˤڵϣһ
ڴӵԱߣһ̵֦ͨ˸һ̵Ƶģ֡
һħʹ䣡
Ұü
綾֮ʱȴ޾綾ƴ½ڣҪƴ½ᰡ
ѩܷܷ϶һ˿ݣǵһ㵭ɫʣǵĵ磬־綾̫ˣƴ½ϡ࣬ͨҲѳŹ죬Ǹô죿
СҲѵõʵж¶ʹ֮ɫھ͸ûκͷ
ҰҲһУ綾񷣬ʵΪ
ԽһЩˣƴ½лжˣѵĿɣ
Ұ֣ص֣иֳħӰӣҰֱѯʵħʶ㣬βƴ½еͨˣ
ħĮ̵ĵҪƴ½Ҳûа취
Ұɫһϲƴ½еˣ
ȣȣħ
ȣôȣȻǸƷʦҲû취ƴ½еÿ˶ַҩҰǲ⡣
ħһתҪƴ½еͨˣҪĴЩ󣬲֪ϲϣ
ҰһĨɫȻϸ˵綾óطҲҵĹֻҪܹƴ½еˣһкһе˵ɣҪҪѪ
ҪҲҪѪָĴۡħЦг֮⡣
ҰЩżĵھ綾ѾƮɢʱˣҪʲôͿ˵ɣ
ħѹǸħʥ֮Ѿǿ԰ˡں֮Ժ󣬽ħʥʬɻ籾Դ֮ٽһططЩ籾Դ֮ƴ½еմͿڵĶӸԴϽ⡣
Ұ΢˿Цԭֻ˷Ѹħʥʬ壬ʥʬ˵Ҫ˵Ҳ˾ˣûʲô˵ģһΪ¶أ
ħҰѻ˵꣬ʥʬЩħʬȫͬɲôġҪħʥʬ壬ͱȫƶ񷣬֮
ħͣ£ּʱ¶֪ƶУ鷳¡
Ұ΢΢üͷϵĵҴģҾͱƶϵϢЩѾ²ˣȥҲûʲô˵ġ˭Ҵƶ⣬Ǿ;ܹξ֮У
ãǣ֮ħЦ
ȻҰоһڤڤ֮еĺ֮ӿԼڣԼںΪһ壬ڵص֮øŨˡ


588 Ұ֮ŭ
ȵħʥ֮뵽ҰڣҰһյĸо
ţҰ͸еԼԺжһطڽ籾Դ֮մط
طѣҰܿһط
Ϊ˷ֹʲô⣬ҰѩܷܷСһԻƶûٴС
ƶ壬˲仯ΪһɽС죬񷡣
ϵÿһ󶼷·˹Χ
ǳ˸⣬׵Хɽľƶ
Ρ޷ֱ嫱̲ŭ˷ڣϹչ᰿裬׻ɽӣȵȻ档
Ұȫ߶ƶһɺ嫵Ϣ
ʱŴеĻ챮ڸӦƶϢ桰ƶųױȵĽɫâ챮ڵƬȫʵջҪӵ財
Ŵжʱը˹ƶе֮ƶû˲Ķ
ƶǿҵĹâ򶼸ܵõ˶þֶѰƶ
ܿ죬ƶƴ½еϢʹصһЩ֮У׷׳ǿ߸ƴ½
Ұ֪ԼѾķƣ֪ˣҲϾ˼
Ұȫ񶼷ƶϣħʥʬħȡ뵽ƶ֮УȫŻħʥ
ĹУҰϵĴһԵٶȼӿ졣
㷽ҰѾﵽ˾ڣҪʥʬ壬Ҳô׵顣
ҿҰȫƶֶȸټԼı𣬻ħʥʬҲٵķֽΪ˿˿ƵĻ籾Դ֮
ʱƶеĻħʥʬѾȫ˻籾Դ֮
Ұ־һ䣬ħڸطһƻ籾Դ֮ӡմ֮С
֮󣬷ҰͽƶеЩ籾Դ֮뵽֮С
ͬʱƴ½еĶҲʼͬˮ뵽ƶ֮С
ʱ򣬷ҰĲԶ˲ΪǿʿģҲģԼٶŴ˴
ڷҰԤ֮УҰûƶĴ㣬ƴ½еĶɲ;
ƶȻһڵСʲôʸƶǽҰɣһŵĿЦһ߳ڷҰʲô˵ֱӻһ֣ƶץ˹ȥ
Сŭһ˫նƲ񷣬˲䵽ǰʥ
ﬣ
߼һžסСڵ˫αˡ
ʥ߾
ʥһ㶼һЩ֮˻ӵУСڼʥ̰֮ҲеЩľ
ҲǸڵǿߣͬǾڵСڣûκʤ㡣
ʱ䣬ʮǿ߳ڲУк˵Ϊﵽ˾ڣһĿж˸̰֮ɫ
Щƴ½еıǿߣȫڵһʱ˹Ϊƶ
еƶֿСڣŭͬΪƶƾ°ˣΪҪң
Сϴնɱ綾ڰƴ½ٸҶ֣ն㣡
һߣѩܷܷ˪ӰʣȻΪƴ½˭ҳ裬ѩ׷ɱĺҲŹ
˪Ӱѩܷܷϳѩܷܷеĺ˪ӰӶϳѩܷܷݡ
ô˵ƶµǷҰˣǸոյõƶ𣿡ϳ˷Ұ
ƶҴƴ½ģСӵȥһ֣ȻܿͻоŴе˵ˣڹĶ˳֡
ǰƶƴ½е˵ȥǷҰԾƶһ֣˷ϡ
Χ۵ȫһ̰֮ɱȫԼıҪԷҰ֡
ЩˣҰһɱ⡣
Ⱥһھ綾кƴ½֮ͬʱ棬Ϊƶƴ½ͬڲˣҪ֣׼ŭ˷Ұ
Ϊƴ½Ҫƶɵκˣ֮ʱ֣ҷҰڴģضն֮Ұƴ½˶
ƴ½еȫ֮ڣв̲סƿڴЩҪԷҰ֮ˡ
ҰɱȻδܽͷ̰Ƭ̣Щٴ궯ΪиԲ߸ϵˡ
ȫСӵдʣһϣȴƶٸƾ¶ȡ񶦣ǸԲ˵ֱ֮ⷬӼһŲ㱦µ׹⣬ŷҰȥ
ߵĹĶҲǹӶǵصĳҰһƴĺж˵Ѻۡ
Сֱӽ񻷼ӭ绯Ϊǧ֯һƬǧЩҰ
һסôĹлиԲĹСڶʱɫɷһƬǶ˿˿Ѫ
ѩܷܷҲˣ˪Ӱл˪ƣϢϯأΪһƬ磬˵Ķ
ҰиķŭȴΪƴ½δ壬޷ֻʱ̣ٶȸˡ
ƴ½еͨ˶һַǳĸоеԼڵĶڿʧһص壬еɡ
ʱ򣬾ŴеĸǿҲڸаʥǿˡ
Щ˳֮ŶԶδֵЩ˴˴иХǿԵĵҶ֪ҰѩƸˣѵǱҪ÷Ұƶ𣿡
½µХ˵Ѿﵽ˰ʥ֮ϳХǵ
ѩܷܷƴȫ֣ЩҰڵķΧƶǷ֮ȫ߶ƴ½еĶ֮ΣǲҲͰˣʱֱ֣ɥĲħ죿
и̫ȵİʥڵҲҪſڴƻƣСƶһ֣ƾ£
ƶǰҲʹˡ
ٴһƴĺبȫŷҰкš
Ұɱ糱һԲĴ߶ƶڽƴ½еĶ붦ڣΪһżСĶ
Ŷǵҩ֮ӣԱʥµʿɱ
ƴ½еĶȫ壬ȫԷҰж£Ұо˾ڵ
Ұ̧ƶӰٴγС
Ұ˫Ŀ絶ĶеڶɱȻĵΪƴ½֣֮ϧ¶ƶȴΪ˵õ񶦣ƴ½ڲˣɱ
Сӣſڴƻƣ㻹ôɣƶ㲻һλİʥڣǱԷҰ֮ǣʱǲ
Ұɱ⾪죬ŭĵҸóƶԤϵ˽ľ棡ҲҲ䣿
Ҹɱɱɱ綾̫ħ֣ڤħӹȪħԹ󣬻Щ𣿡Ұվڴĸ߶ϣÿһ仰絶ֱ
Щİ࣡г֮ˣ»Ȫն֮һ˲ĳ㲻֤һδĳҲħ
Ұİŭʮأ˶Ǽֵİʥеһ⡣


589 ʥ
һ֣ɱƶƾ£ǸʥԣĶһ֡
˵ţʥֱӼһӨӨɫߣŷҰͷ˹ȥ
ʥֻ̤뵽ʥ;磬ѩĺͱЩ˵֮ȫǰʥ
İʥǸ̫ϳϣһ¶ڱչأܵƶŴӱչг
Ըһδ̤ڵʿһֻûʲô
Ұ˫Ŀɱ糱˲仯ΪһͷɫĴһչǵߣ˴ԡ
Ұ˫絶иѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬ݺݵؽɱʥ
ķƱһԲʿҲǾƾЩ㻹񣡡ʥ¶һ˿Ц˫̧˪˫۳ݺݵҧҰ˫ᡣ
Ұſ³ƶɢһյİԾƶ֯ͬһƬ񷶼ڣʥͬ˪С
Ұ˫ݺݵػ˪ϣ˪һãͬʱҰǿž綾ȫĶŴ˴˳ȥ
ħʮŰ֮ʱ㲻֣ɱħȴҳ֣վԳƴ½ܾ綾ζҰɱȻŭ쳹ء
ʥȫѪ¯嫵ķӿʥ̫ǿˣƶסܹܿСȵķΧڻĶˣƬ̾ͿͻƶĽ
ǣڶս֮УƬ̵ʱԾˡ
飡
ӨӨĶڱʥϣֻǿùҪظλá
͡
һǿҵĸʴǸʥۿɼٶȸʴ
ǸʥŭſھѪطƶĽгٵ˵Զգ
ͬʱĸıǿһ֣ػߡ
⼸Ǿں;ڵʿǸʥһġ
ǱʥȫӿŹ֮ظ֮ɢľ綾Ҫľ綾ȥ
ǣС˾綾ķЩӿ֮ǿҵĸʴֻ΢ӻһЩʴٶȣֹ
˶Ŀ⼯ʥϣһʥȻƬ֮ͱҰƵǱ˶еľ
ҰĿ䣬˿ϢĻᣬɫչֱĸػڰʥı
ĸʶļâͣȫŷҰк
¡¡
ҰӲĴıĴıһЩ׸߼ȱʥûУҰĹ⻪ȥ
ˣ
ҰںȻĵӰȸԡغɽ뱼ףִ֣ٵĳĴ

һĲҽȸɱһһ߲һһĴ˲䱻ɱ
Ұڵķ̶ѾϵһľԲǿˣټֶΣս֮ʥҲԸЩں;ڵļһͲҪʲô
Ǹʥۼ޷ֹǿӵĶҰѾߣ֮£Ȼſһ˪磬ڵĶ뵽֮С
ţǸʥˣܿ˷Ұִһɱ
Ұ˿ϢĻᣬչǱʥٴնɱ˹ȥ
Ǳʥֻ̧ΪһΡɽŹ֮ŷҰͷ¡
ˣ
ƶĶǴ򿪣һӽɽ뵽֮Уж˵ϵɽ˹ؾ

ǱʥͻأĲҽֻǸ˪ٴθ˳Ǳ˪ѱ񱩵ľ綾ʴĲȱ
˪Ȼ綾֮ȻըǸʥȫڣĸʴ
ǸʥĲҽڹѪһö𲻵һȱʥĻʥ¶ٸʴɾ
Ŀ֮£ʥۿɼٶȱʴһãʴһɶһͷӶû¡
綾֮֮֮ʣȫѪȫ˳ƴ½еģϧȴҰˣΪһŶ
綾Ϊħʮ֮һֶ֮Σ񱻷Ұóһʥ˶е󵨺
ҰٴλΪ壬֮Ǹʴʥ뵾綾ٴɱȻˡ
ҰնɱʥĴνѸ˻ûóð⼸ˣ⼸˾Ѿڤ
Χ۵˶еȫëЩղûг֮жڰңЩղų֮˶ֱð
ҰղŶʥһĻǶҰֽǹ˭ҵ֮
ҰɲôģնɱԺ˫Ŀ絶ĶסǸ̫ȵİʥ
̫Ȱʥǳ鴤£ɫĵСӣҪ̫ţ㲻һڵСž綾֮ҪԸôľ̫쿪ˣ
ҲɱˣǸղų֮ˣһҲߣҰһٴλΪ˲䵽̫Ȱʥǰ
٣̫ȿɲô۸ģ̫Ȱʥּ̧һɫĴ죬ӡһŹֶµķģתһԼ˿˿ʥ
̫е̫죡Զ˾
ԣ̫죬˵̫ͲˣӦֻǸ̫ķƷ˵һء
ƷҲˣǸʥ˵
̫ʥӭչǵصľҰ˿˿ʥӿҰת۾ͰѷҰ˸ӣ̫ʥ˹ȥ
̫Ȱʥ¶һ˿ɫҲû뵽׵ľͽҰסˣûķӦͶȻоϴһɱ⡣
̫ȰʥսҲḻѸٴڳһɫƵڲߣʶתͷȥ
һ۵ŵɢٴο˷ҰӰǰƶӿƬɫӿ˹
ҰǱסôôˣ
ɻ̫Ȱʥͷ±̫˿סͷһ˹̲סľ
Ұһ̫ȰʥĹЯƶԴ˽һ
̫ȰʥɫƬ̶ûеסͱ뵶ʴһ̲ˮ뵶Ľ̫Ȱʥڡ
̫𣬸գ̫ȰʥŭӿƬ̫յùž졣
֮Ҳڿٵ̫߽һ
ҰҲû뵽˾Ȼ̫뵶ڶʱҲҪ˴˵
ǣҰɲ׷֣Ե쵶У̫Ȱʥ£


590 ɱķ
ԽԽ쵶̫Ȱʥ˫ĿѪ죬ȫҰ֮ʱѾֲȥֿ쵶
ȻһͻأĳڲУ̫Ȱʥǰ棬ɢ»ӭ쵶ȥ
Ұ쵶뵽֮Ƶģǹ»֮裬Ҳ䲻ȥ
Хǳˡ
Хǿ˷ҰƣֻҪٱն̫ȰʥƾԼƺסҰϵĳˡ
ŭһƵĳХǣչֱϮХǡ
СڡѩܷܷڿʣµЩ֮ˣȥʥһֶԸҰܲסˡ
ХǱҪԷҰ֣Ҳ˲ٹҰ˫Ŀиֳ£Ż鷢񹥻
ϧ鱾ƶЩ񹥻Ի˵ûκã˿ͣĳ嵽ХߣɫݺݵɨХǡ
ХǱУɫë粨ưȥ˴Ҳõһԡ
ѩܷܷС˹ͬסˣʱȥХǣСںѩܷܷķʱЩ©Ӱ񻷺ͺ˪Ӱķ³ͷҲصԶ
ǿǼ˷Ұ׺ݣʥɱǸղҲˣҰŹǣ
ղ޷ͻƷ뿪Ƭս֮󽵣˭ӣ
Сڵ񻷻Ϊǧ֯һƬӳյıӨӨġ
ѩܷܷеĺ˪Ӱеӿһ˪ӰСڵһ𣬱ϣա
ֻǣҲԷסеʮλʱһʩչطгѸʧԶ
ۼԽԽľӴܣХǶʱŭʲôܣշĸģȻѼס˵ӡӵĺǣҲѰǣ
ХǵŭһЩ׼ߵʿ£ͳѩܷܷСڹ˹ȻһЩ˲ܲ˵˳ȥ
ʱХǣҰ̫ȰʥĽҲ˽̫Ȱʥȫ̫ĴֻܿջطסҰ̫֮ʥ죬ס
Ұ쵶ٳ̫Ȱʥն£̫ʥնİһʧ̫Ȱʥڡ
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綾֮ոձʥ˲֣ʣһ룬ȫ˳ȥ񱩵ĸʴ̫Ȱʥ
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ղһʣµľжʮ˼һ֣ѩܷܷС֣ҲɫɷףѪڡ
ХǾ񹥻޹ȻӲӲ鱻ƵĽ׹ʥ˳ХǶԿɱѹ·硣
Ұɱ̫Ȱʥ֮󣬽̫ʥͬʱХǡ
гֵˣΪߵľʥҰѾնɱֻҪٰʥնɱҲΪǡ
ЩߵˣҰ׷ϣХԣѾסЩ˵ӡǣȻӵĺǣҰҲܹҳնɱǡ
ҰԼХǵҲأƴһ˵ԶȻշģնʥ֪Ϊʣ¼ɣ
綾֮Ϊ˿ɱ㣬ӣҰһƶɢһɺ嫵֮Хǵͷ¡
ͬʱҲ嵽Хߣڳִ飬ΧɱХǡ
Хſ³һҫ۵ĸУһʥƹĻһԡ
µû̫ôУҲֻǸȱʥиУ޸
ִͻĹҲˣХǶԻһΣ˺
Ұ幥ֱӼһƵĹʥӣХֶȥ
ХЦһǵУնʥӡ
Ұô˵ҲδͻƵڣĲȱʥԶԶԼҪһ鷽ҰĲƹӡ
ҰһǲȱڸոսӴ貸еʱ򣬾ͺȻըХǵĸֱըƬ
Хǵг˷ŭûϵҰݳޣȱʥԱ¿ɳ׷һ
˵Ұ¼ƾͲȱʥ뷽ҰӲӲˡ
ҰԱĲȱʥһˣֻҪ˵УɲںǷݳޡ
飬һסԣִϵһǿƷסХǸա
ХŭХƬײһִͻ鶼һѪڣȴסХǣҲ޷־á
Ұץסᣬٴνǵʣ˽ľ綾֮סХǡ
Хǿ֧ţһŷҰ˵Ĺһܵľ綾
Ұ¶һ˿ЦһȱʥʥУԥĳХǼ˳ȥ
䣡䣡
ƴĺȱʥȻըըХһҵѪڣѪ쭣Хش
ţҰֳХ̧֣ͼгһҫ۵⣬Ө͸ħһХȥ
ХǻڿԿǾ綾֮еΣʶ̧ͷ죬ͼһ칬ƱЩΡ̫ɽҪǿ
䣡
ħȻһӽХһ촷ۡ
ħڻ´࣬ɱһشжİʥҲ׾١
ɱХǣҰƿν죬ֽʣСľ綾֮ƶڣĿɨʣµĶʮλ
ʮλһŵֱðҰնʥ׳Ǹ֮ƥУһԲеطѩܷܷСڵķг
ƣɱҰһ쵶һ
ǸڵǿߣҲһˣۼҰնʥ֮Ҳ˲֮⣬һ˼Ҫߡ
ٶϵϷҰٶȣһգ۵Ĺ򣬷Ұͳ嵽˴˸쵶һֻ֮ɫͷ­
Ұǵǿ񱩣չӰȥ٣ЩΪﲻڵʿ˵͸جƵģܿкüΪһľ˺ѡ
ڷҰֵʱѩܷܷСҲٷѩܷܷ¾Ųһ˲һߵľԲǰеĺ˪ӰŴк˹ȥ
Сרסеһڵǿߣͬʱ˫һʣڵǿ߶ʱ촦
ǺֱײЩƵļɹ
ʮƬʱ䣬ͱնɱһɶлԲǿߡ
мֵľԶΧ棬ҲҰһһ˳͵ظɱ
ʮǰѾˣҰȴûŹǡ
ȵЩնɱϣҰҲԶۿڶΧߣʰսƷѩܷܷ˵ڣ׷ɱЩ֮ʱˣ


591 ɱɽ
ԾԾԵĵȺһڴƶ⣬һܷŹ
Ұ۾ϸӦ£ظӦ˵ķλˢһ˫ۣߣ
ҰֱӼƷۣѩܷܷ˶̤ϷۣƷۻһɫ⣬˲ʧԶ
Ƭ̣Ұ˾һҵظ
µأҰ¶һ˿Ц˵ļе쵶·ݺݵһ貵â
ﬣ
һԽХһͷɢӶŸ󶦴гͷҲصĳԶ
ҶѾôԶˣ㻹ϾɱɣԶԶһѹֵķŭ֮
ȻҶ֣Ҫñ׼ҰĮڰһӰڴгȻն¡
ۣ
˴ӱΪ룬ѪȾ˱̿ա
Ұʬ壬ٴηƷۣ˸ٴʧߡ
һӿľ޴УһܼĹ㳡֮УҰйԥһն֮
һСɽ֮Уһ˶ڹײУҰǰ˳һȭɱ
ڽʱУҰԦƷһ·׷ɱƴ½صļһȫնס
գҰһΪڵǰڵĻɽ󶼴ˣɼǶԷҰһ˵ļɵ֮
Ұɫ䣬ƽĵһˣһôҲǸԲǿߣ벻Ȼôɽ󶼴ˡ
ɵĵ׷ɱôŹ֡
ҰȻһЦŷųֵǸȻͱҲˣ
Ұû˿Σ鷽ԲǶ֪Ұ׷ɱ̰ͼ֮ˡ
ƴ½еļ֮һҰɱ˷ڣ뿴Ұ֮ײʲôĻ𻨡
Ƭ֮󣬾дһϵѣֻһʱͿϣԺͷѺͽ⣬Ըó򷽵Ǹ
Ұĵ֪գαص㹻ĳĻǾͽɣ
Ǹϵŭշģ㲻Ҫ̫ҷʥѿܽҲҪ㹻Ĵۣ
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ϣϴƺðɣĴЦһʧڷڵ֮С
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ܿ죬дֹ֮⻪˸
Ƭ̣ڵĻɽ;ҵĲҰЦһֱӽƶ˳ŷڵĻɽȥ
䣡
ڵĻɽ粣ѿ¶ڶķڵӣһ¶־֮ɫ
Ұ˵һЩħΪƴ½Űľ綾ǷҰɱ
ож뷽ҰΪУϸ˵ǵҲǷҰȵġ
黯һڷҰ࣬צлץһˮЩĵȺһҲţһʥѹɽ󣬾ǿҲŲ˶ð
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ǰнλ֮еųϼģеھӢӣΪ͵˶硣
Ҷϴ֣ʥȻҲΪѵˡɵ֮ٽȥ
ߵı쳣ķŭȴٶ˵ʲôǵ˫Ŀг˾衣
ʣµķڵӣ˷ŭ̾ϢҲҰΪС
ҰĮɨɽϵڶڵӣĮĵΪƴ½еĶҲϧƶװ״ȥһʥʬ壬Ƿڵϼһȴ̰ͼƶҳ֡Ϊκ֮ˣҶ֣
˵Ұͣ£ּһлϼһ֮߰ڵˣȫҵĵˣ
Ұһɽ϶ʱը˹ҪҰƴҪ뿪˵أҪϼһƳȥҪҰǱʥ
ܿ죬иŵվ˳ңңŷҰ˹֣Ƿ˴ʦ㣬ԼֻҪ㽫ҷڵʥǣҴڱ֤ǵ顣
ŭһ׸˷ڣеǰ㾹Ȼң
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Щһˣе״ӣеĺ󱲣׷׷Ҫ߹
ʱ䵽ɱҰ˫ɱ糱һһͷĿǰһὫվǰʦնΪƬ
ЩӸվȻ˾壬Ұȴ˿
ԼѾǻˣԼϧҲá
ϼһֻһʱͿȥԼ˾ˣҰϢ

ҽԶۿ˶еһ󵨺Ұ湻ݵģֻҪΪУƷ¶УŮףȫնɱ
ϼһͣļӣʶҰĺ֮Ҳֻʶӣ׷׽Ų˻ˮ
ߣˣҰĮޱȣʣµǿƽɱ
ԼʱǲϧͲҪԼˣ
ǸԲϼһҲû˶սҰ˺һ棬ǲӦսֱӶԲеطüھѪԶ
Ұٶ˫ߣ⣬Ǵ˼£ߵߣɨϼһ
߼ʮɽɸ뷽Ұ˫Ի

һǽ뷽Ұ˫𻨣ȴһëûն
׽ֻƷʺõ׸߼˿޷κε˷Ұ
Ұٱɱ壬˫ħӡӦֶĻȥ
߻һɽ赲ȴҰĵɽ飬ƬС綼ֹ
˿ٽ֣ܿ죬Ұȸ֮ߵĵ˳ֺߵͷ­նɱ
һУҰɨ˷һۣЯѩܷܷ˽ƷۣһʧԶ


592 ͻƺ
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ҰƷۣһ̵һɽƷۡ
ѩܷܷ˻Ұֱһɽ뵽ľ硣
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Ұȫ񶼳Լĵ֮УԼϢȫͷ˳糤Ӱ㱼ڲݣѪ񷶼ӳͨ죬ִ֮Լо֮
пʼдƬƻۣһ׹Ʋ֣ѹ䡣
䣡
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ҰִŽֳſ磬׽ٴ磬ȫžڵƿ
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׽ҲβҲ޷κӰ죬ܿʧӰ١
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ƺǿҰĲϲССĵʦѾ˺üˣȻҲΣգҲΪˣǵʵսҲˡ
ҰЦŵܺãĥֻΪ˸õĳɳǾڵĥ֮Ժ󶼻Ųĳɾ͡ˣôûиȥ
СæʦҶƷҩЩڿƷҩơ
ѾʼƷҩˣҰ΢΢¶һ˿ȵɫСĳɳٶȣ˿
СͷӦǡ
һҿҰԸ
Сһ㣬Ұһ۾ͿСĲ㣬ϸָһʱСéٿ˸кͼҴҵȥȥˡ


593 Ｋط
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ҰڻɽרŽ죬ӿưǵľϴһΪٶ෽ӵܵ
Ұ˴˳֪ǶѾ̤˹·÷ҰЩź
ϸ˽˷ҵһЩ֮󣬷Ұٴν뵽ĵȥߵЩħǿ߶ײֳʲô۶ӡ
ʱһнпܡ
һЩ֮У˵õĴУǷҰ޶ûؿˡ
ңҰµҲܸȤǰ漸ζδҵҲһ˿ңҪҵµء
˶Ψֱ֮ȥˣҰȴֱӺ赲ǿдĵ֮С
˻ҵʱգҰٴνƬǿ֮С
ʯƯʥǣѵıһжûʲô
֮Щ˴Ϊ֮û䣬ڶʱҲ
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ҰѾǵһˣᳵ·ѰƬλðĺ嫴½
Ƭ½תõĹʣѤ貣ϣ½Ͽջƻõǳ˸Ĺԡ
ҰΧƬ½εһȦϧ˴Ҳ޷ЩһﶼЩط
ҰĬƵӡ˫ĿתɫʣΪΪˣĴй켣ĸϸ΢
Ұ˳Ŵн뵽˺嫴½֮Уһɱ鲼ʥҲǴ粽С
ҿҰܹĲֹ켣һЩɱҲǰܿﲢʲôΣա
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Ұں嫴½ǰУʱͼɽ屻ѪȾ죬һЩѵĹɢѪ
Ұҡҡͷ֪ĸùֱ嫴½еɱɱˡ
ĵ½޾ɽֹϵıҩϼ⣬֥´䣬⾧Ө
һƬĴ½һЩʥػʺС
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˴ҩѲ֪ή˶ٸֻˣֻҪ÷ҰģתƵ˾ɫ֮С
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Ĺҩ̫ˣҰھռʮƷҩҪϡ
ҰԿ϶һ񼶴ѹ벽鶼Ժɱ
֮󣬷Ұڼ˸ˣǸӣϻմȾѪһľ´С
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Ұʱ˸ԵĲ졣ҰϵǳɾϢƽʹݣǲûܵӰƵģҲЩš
λˣҲ˵صʿ𣿡վƺǶܵĴǳɵվԭŷҰңң֡
Ұ΢΢üͷû˵ѯʣʵôģ
˾ȵ˷Ұһۣ̾һұŴ½ʿ˵ƶҰȥǼרŸϵ˴ҪҷҰļͷϧȴǹɲ֮Ǽ˶˴ɱɱˣʣԼˡ
˵Ըоһ⣬ʶҰɻĵˣ֪λγƺΪκκӰ죿
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ĮĵҾǷҰ
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ȥǲˣҵǿȥҴҵļ˵⣬ĺӵͷˣȥǼˣҰĮֻһƬ֮ΧɱȻǵصĳϯ˹ȥ
˾ȻҪԼļвԼҰȻŹ
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ΪҰֻܿźڣûҰȻԲٿش˴
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Ұǧ֣еŹŹףеķʥʬһéݴھɱ󷽣Ҳ֪Ƿˡ
ֻҪǧ֣ѾкܳͷˣҰûȥһһ鿴
ҪԭǣԷҰΪԶԶʸȥӴǧ֣ܹ˴Ĳй켣ҲС
Ұĸһľѯʵ֪ǶΪ˻ɽҶԺ󣬷Ұȫ·ˡ
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ҰҲ벽鶼δҵõأֵ÷ʬڵص³ҰҲֻѰˡ
º󣬷Ұ״ν˵Ǹĸָ
һĻɫɽبǰɽиȵĻ̶һڹŹ׾͸һص
񣬱յĻ̶֮УȻһϢת޾мһ˿
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ֹŹģһʥͣһǸ̤ʥ;ǿߡ
ĴڣˣҲĪܣҰɲȥǡ
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
ҰһʱͲ²˳ҲΨаħп޾ɱ֮л̤֮֡
ҰҪǶ԰Ĳ£ǰпܾͶڻ֮УҰܲȥ


594 ֮
ɫɽѣһתΪŲ㡣
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飬ǧ֣޾̺һ˿һ˿ȴ޵ħ֯һ͸һɺ嫵Ĳ
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ңԶҰظܵ˻ָ̺֮ԶڹŻмǸֿȵġ
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ЦŵڹŹеҲֶͨ죬ȡؼһеȫΪ廯Ϊ壬Ŀڽʥʬȫˣ
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Ұаİʥڵû뵽Զó
Ұħӡӵһԣ̫ǿˣħӡ֮δͱ׻ˡ
ۼҰټ̫ǰתƻõĹʡ

ڹϣһ죬ж֮С
̫ӣȻɱģ
ꡭ
һĦ𣬹Ź׵Ĺײĸȫƿħס˹ײе޷ľ
䣡
̫ӹŹ̽ĽɱҰ̫ܵӡ
Ұȫ߶ǰ̫ӣײ档
շģȻҾͳȫ㣡գһŹ׳ŷҰٿ
ŹжȻһƬҹĻڵİգ㷽Ұľ쳣ӴҲ޷Χ
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ǰĶžóƵķҰҲòȫ
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̫Žںֺն̫һ֣âյϢǵصϯٵɢܵĺڰ
ӰգҰڸգҲǺ֮Ĺ򣬾һʱ䣬Ұ͸оԼΪһЩ
ղְգǽУһڰΪȷж֮
ҰոɢĺڰͼǿڹŹ״һɰʥԼͷѹ˹


595 ȫѹ
Ұֻ̧һֺֻѹĹŹصײһ
䣡
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ϲ֣֮ϳ˷Ұղõ似ε𾪣˻ȥ
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ʵԲʥͣʥǣҲֻǻԵɺϲŵõ˴˴ʥʬʬꡣ
Ǿʥʬǰ쳣ǿ󣬾ͨʥͿɱȣȫʥʬͿ԰Լɱˡ
ܹʥʬеҲޣƶѾļˣս֮һİʥҪǿö࣬޷ʥȡ
ڷҰڽ׵˾ڣȻоԶԶǵʥľµĶ֡
ⰵѹԶûеľ´ֻǱһİʥǿһЩˡ
ҪնɱҲô׵顣
ô˵ʬҲһʥͣһǸΪǿʥͣһʥѾڲ֮ˡ
Ұǰּϲֿ֮ǲĶ񼼣ϲ֮Ƕǣӵҵ޵ĺܣǴħϵõİɣ
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ߣ𣿡ҰЦһ˫ͫȫɫƴȫı¸Ĵй켣һɺ嫵ɱӻ̶гȻնŹϡ


596 ڷ
䣡
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ҰҲЩ㵣ղȫƶתΪԽɱû뵽ôɱȻûܹɱ

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ղǿڹŹ׺Ǽʥס˾ųɾŵǿסһǿڹŹ׺Ǽʥȫˡ
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ҰŨüЦ㻹濴Լӵǿʵʿ֮꣬ճмǳҲԼ񣬺ң
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Ұеܵڿţһɾ޴˺֮ҪԼ˺ѿ
Ұ˼ĶƶƳ⣬ǽƶ˳ס嫵ϢǵصӿԶİ
ƶ˳žͱԴӰеȥͬʱ˻ȥһ֮ɽطŸͷ
ҰȻڷݵİϳɻ
ͻأĶʱѾռ˾ԵϷ磬ԼӵƶҲѹסֵһѵǷ
ڰΪҰκͷȴ˿⡣
һ߽ŰĶһȫƳŰһϵƻָļ仺
ҰĿܵħҷţʱһ貵Ľ⣬ǰǲҺžҷ
ҵ壡ȻǾ߷ӰͻأķһıȣͬʱջڣžͼһźӰǵӰб˦˳
Ұ˼ƶӰһӶס¶䱾塣
Ǹƻõħ壬ͷǣħ⣬ַǳãֻǸ壬Ϣǳ
ҰȫƶħӰһ뵽֮У΢΢˿̧ԶǵӰ
ûĻӰˣˣ


597 ȫħ
ǵӰϵħƾȥȫɢһֽӲӵ񻪣Ϊһսڷļȡܵ伺Ϊ
Ƭ֮ٴ˫ۣ˫Ŵǧľ֣ſ͸µĲɣ֮У͸һɲơ
Ŀ˷ҰͷƶһۣŷҰ˹֣ʵĵл֮
ҰֻӦ£Щɻĵˣ
ƽĽ͵ұ˵ǧأԪѲŽ˵󣬲ת֣֮֮ͨ
΢ͣ£ּҳ˯֮ʱȫţűǸСħͷȥĿȨǵѱƵСħͷǽȨϣãĺܡ
Ұ΢΢˿ЦлΪնɱħ˳Ϊ֮
Цʩͼȴ֪պвǲֻҪΥҵ֮£ҽԿɰɣ
˵ţڵ۳һ壬׸ҰȻҪҰæʱֻҪעһ˿ҾͿԸӦõ
ãҾˡҰһץ壬˵ͷ˳
ŷҰͷϵƶпƶ֣ħͷֳʮһεħֵˡ
ǰҲ֪ħ֮£ҰЩ졣
Ŀ¶׷֮ɫħ٣˭˲֪˵֮ʱħٽȴ޷սħ壬źѣ˵Ҳڴ˴֪ν˴ұܣսħ壡
ڴ˴Ұɻ
ĪĵǧְΪ˶Ըħ壬ǰ̣̫˴£ؼĶŹֽܣֻΪɱģһʵģʣ׵ġ
Ұ΢΢üͷ˵̫˵Ұ֪˴ĵҲɹĿڣΪɱ콾
ԣֻĪƵģҰҲµһЩûжʡ
Ǿ뿪˴ɡҰ˵˾䣬ĬƵӡƶ֮˸еɱ֡
䣡
һȵɱӻ֮гǿƵ˺һѷ죬ƿ˴˴ķ
ߣҰһȴǵѷг
ԭ֮ٿѹֿ󣬴ǵѷг˳
ٴƬŵǿ֮УҰϸӦͻϵϵĺ俪һʱձݣٿ
һĨȻĵһϵʲôӡǣҲԸӦ벻㾹ȻԸոӦڡ
֮֮Ұǫ顣
ܿ죬Ƕ˾ͺȻһϣٴγ½֮С
ǰ׳ɽӣ¶һĨŨȻ֮ɫп׺ɣǵ˷ǵˣ鰡
飬ҰǷǳ⣬޾ǰѲڣſƵĹ¶Уȷǳ¡
֮ϵּ֮вŽȥתΪһɽӵΡƣ˾ͬһҪƬ̸
ָ˳̬Ұƽѯʵǰ׼սħ壿ȥһ·𣿡
ͷ·ʮأǿգͨħ塣ȥһز䣬ŹؽħʥͲ룬ҪȥģŹأ
Ұ΢⻹һ˵ôϸ·ʮأŹؾȻħȴδħȥȷ˶ݡ
ħ֮УӵŲֹһ飬ȴδܻȥŹأħ·Ҳûô򵥡
ǰһҲ̤·֮Уսħ壡Ұϡ
ˣҺڴɳһ̣Ц˵һ䣬ٴζ콾е·֮ĵصģڵһظǿУǿΣ࣬Ϊ֮
ҰЦһעģ
·֮УеҲʱأԵټͷͽ˺գƮȻȥ
ˣûд콾ȥֱȥǿա
Ұ룬콾ǽ·ΨһڣǿҲԽ뵽·֮С
뵽ղԣ·ʮһزԡ
ҰȻ˵Ƿ˵ϣ·ͷѵǴӲԻʱĵʮ֮
ϣҪ·ʮأҲһ˿ģҪȫԼΪſԡ
ҰʱѹеŻɽٷȥ
δΣʵҪġ
Ұصɽʱ򣬾ͼѩܷܷѩ֣˶ѾȺˣиеһů
𹦲컯ԼǷǳ˵ģԼѻڡ
ʦһȥôãڻˣ֣ƨƨߵӭ
ҰЦȥնɱȻĵʱ䳤˵㣬Ҳһ񡣶ˣϴһûôˣ
֣۵С¶һ˿ɫȻȺħ˵治ģǰ̵ɱңϧ꣡ȻЩѩùˡ
Ұֿ˷ѩ껣ͷСЩЩħȻ󲿷ֶ򣬵Ҳɴ⡣ˣʲô󶯾𣿡
ѩЦ磬ͷİɣȻħδ壬ҲʲôҲû˵ʲô£ϣֶ컯飬Ҳ֪˭ȥ
Ұͷ΢΢˿ûд󰭣ҲԷĵĽ·ˡ
껺Ȼǰһóһ裬ʵĵʦ֮ʱõһĻ裬˵ʦľϵħȱſ͸ʦɡ
ҰЩĿһۣ˳ֽӹĻ裬һֻó˾ϵħ񣬺ܿͽĻ뵽˾ϵħ֮С
űĻ룬ϵħһɱ⣬Ե鶯ࡣ
Ұٴνϵħ뼺ٸһǰδеǿ֮Уʶ·࣬ʱ
ϵħ񣬺ų߾ϵ֮ʱͿռ֮ӵУȻ̺ʱ֮ޣҲǳܿɹˡ
ľϵħЩ⣬ҪչоһҰ仰ͱչȥˡ
ڽʱУҰȫ񶼷оϵħ棬ϸӦ̺ʱ֮
º󣬷Ұأʱ֮һ˿ϵħ񶪸껣ϵħ˵ѾãȻϵħ㲹ȫģ͸ɡ
껽ϵħ뼺¶һĨϲɫĵʦʦظӦ˹֮
ҰҲеЩ⣬׵ȫԣ
˫Ŀ˸һĨȵɫӿһɺ嫵ķŷҰһȭ˳ȥȭͷϺ
ҰһסһȭЦŵǳû뵽ϵħӦ֮
ǿѹеļֻ˫
ڵڿǷջϵħˡҰһתЩɵ˵仰
ʦʾһ࣬ŷҰĹ
Ұ껣Ϊʦһ䡣ȭѾһȭ򷨵ĳΣ첻أκι֮ķչ
˵Ұ̾˿ּϵħȻʱڸ򵽹֮Էӳȴ֮ϵħ񣬻㽫֤ܡȻ˵ҲǾԣ֤֮·ǧ֣ûоԲ֤֮·ϵħŰɣδԼ
ݵӽʦ̻壡Իٵ


598 콾
ÿ˵ĵͬҰֻΪָ·򣬾ĵ·ҪԼ
ҰͽܵУϵħ͸껣ʹ뿪ٴαչˡ
ǰ·пܾһ·ڽ֮ǰȫ׼
ҰԼĵһеĲֵ˸ĸ򣬼ºųأĶࡣ
󲿷ʱ䶼˶ӡĸ棬Ĵ˸̵˽⣬룬ޱȡ
֮⣬Ұ뵽ħӡ֮Уħӡȸ֮ҲԶһʥ似Ҫöࡣ
ƶѾԽԽ߱ܣоɫеôҩṩƶĻָҲֻǳ顣
Ұ곹ƷɵԪõƺ١
ҰֵõʮϣټǰõЩ龧ʯеϣħһ
ħѾɱһľԲˣ޷ֱɱħʮľԲڶħǿ뿪ҲѰˡ
ҰھɫֲһСز¹ôȥˣɫеĲ¹Ҳ߸߰͸һɵıԡ
ⲻ¹ȻǳѣҲ컯ɸƣھɫУҲĺúõء
ȸˮ߹ִʵҰϻ컯顣
磬õͨҶõ˪֦Ӿ綾õ֦Ӱõƺ٣ȵȡ
ټѾ͸ѩܷܷ߰ϱҰԼԼȻ֪еõô컯顣
Ұ붯ôʵ컯飬ͽܽ˹Ǹѡһ֡
֣ѡƺ٣СѡͨҶѡ˪֦СӶֵƨƨߵġ
͸ͽ컯飬һ֣֮¹ҲֻзҰôݳˡ
Ұأ˶Լ׼ǰսħĹ·
˶ڷҰĴҲ²⣬ʱҰ˵Ȼоġ
·콾սħĹ·󲿷е鶼߹·Σ棬һ콾֮Ѫ̾͵Ĺ·κ涼Ŀܡ
һͬǰѩܷܷţȴһֲɵļᶨ
ѩҡŷҰĸ첲磬ҲҪȥ
СһվڷҰߣһԲȴ̬
ĽڷҰϣԼë֪Ұǿ϶ġ
ʦҲҪȥ֣С˽¡
ϴ󣬴һɣīԳͨҲǰ
Ұɫһ壬֣ħ·ȥսħ壬ɲȥɽˮֻͱ׼ȥҲ˼أҵ˽⣬·֮ÿ˳ֵĵص㶼ģħ·ϣħɲΨһĵˡǿлδ֪Σգв֮Σ
˵Ұר֣˵ܷܷѩСںͻǰȥ˶ʵʵڼУ֮ڲ̤·
Ҫ갡֣С껶Դ
ǵΪȻ֮ͬҪǿö࣬ǽ·֮УȻǵ׵ĴڣԱѡ
Ұ겻̤·ҲǰΪٽȥ
֮С֣Ҳʮ߰ˣ˵ΪҲħ·֮ҲӵԱ֮
ҰīˣҪħ·ҲԣҪȵڣ򣬾ǲҪȥ
īǰһ仰¶ϲɫ仰һҪڣʮ֮ǹǺˣǽ·ʱҪ֣˻Ҫ
֣С졢˱ûʲôҰ仰֮󣬶ʱһ־
īһȣǶʱоٽħ·Ҳ
ҰµԴ˿һЩ˵Ĵˣ껣ΪҲ
꣬㹻վ۷ˡ
ߣҰ֮Ҳħ棬ҲһҪ뵽·֮С·ʮأҪΪսħ壬ħ彫ҲȻ꣬һԤУ̫ãǻģ
˶ͷӦǣ뵽ħ壬ÿжġ
ħʮǵľǿߣħԪ޾˭֪ħлжپž֮
Ұһ˸˷ˣ̤Ʒۣ½˹ȥ
ƷϣѩŷҰѯʳ磬ǹ·ʲôĴڣ·ʮô¶
ҰЦйǹ·ҲǴӱ˿˽ģϸ˵սħĹ·ʮأһظһѣȥʮز䣬ʣµŹظǿħ
ѩ죬ü΢ǵʮػ֣ȻԻ䣬ǻһ𣿻УŹؾȻħħôͬ𣿡
Ұʼ磬ҾͲˣ˽ҲޣܷܷӦñ֪ĸһЩ
ѩܷܷתǳЦ£ѩأ·ͨħ·ʮأ˴ǿգֻҪ̤ϵһأֻǰ޷ˣ
Ұ΢΢üɻȻ޷ˣΪϴЩ߹·Щеλģ
ѩܷܷЦЦ͵޷ָǣӵһ̤֮󣬾Ҳزһˣֻ취ߵڶأڵһصڶص;УӵڶǰҲһ
Ұţûдѩܷܷ
ѩܷܷ˵ʮز䣬ŹطʥͲɽ룬ʣµʮأÿʮؾһηĻᣬѡǰǷ򡣡
鶶˶ɫȻ԰֮ٽ·Ҫӵһؿʼ𣿡
ѩܷܷݸһЦʵģ֮ٴδ콾УȻǽϴ뿪ĵطǴӵһؿʼ
飬ѩ˻һۡ
εͷͣٲ졣
ҰüⶼһˣȻδһ˻ع飬ǰʮҲôôİ
ѩܷܷףΪȻĵ·ǿ֮УǿеΣռ籩ʱѷ졢ֲڶȵȣʱҪЩ֮⣬һЩǿ壬ȻǵʵԶԶϲħ壬Ҳ׺쳣
ǿ壿ʲô壿ҰЩˣҲǵһ˵ʡ
ѩܷܷ͵ѩأһЩǿ壬Ҳ̫ҪСľˡ


599 ǿ
Ʒмۣһº󣬷Ұٴμ콾Ǿĺΰɽš
콾ɽţƽʱռ֮УξȻԻ䣬ҲΪ·󿪵Եʡ
콾ɽŸȫ˰ɫˮƬ̾ƶˣ޴Ŀϼĳ֣͸һӴ
ؼҰ˵ʱ򣬾޴Ŀһ˿ɫظӦҰһ͸ϢԼϵϢҪǿöࡣ
뵽ʮǰҰ˻ֻСѾɳ˱ԼҪǿĵزضЩﲻѡ
˷Ҫʮʱд뵽磬ҲǸսοǾڣ
Ұһ񣬵ЦǰΪ·ǰ֪·λá
ҡҡͷпĵΪ֮ϣѾûʸ㺰ǰҿɵơ֪ǰսħĹ·ǿΣأڵΪѾǳˣǿвҲữΪɻҡ
ҰƽĵȻǾǰħ·һкǧգǶһˡ
׵Ȼˣұǽ·
˵꣬пʼһЩɬѶڣϵĽϸֳһһµķģӡС
ˣ
һ΢ǧɽϳֳ֮ƵľŶƸԵӳƣɽγһԵĴʹ󣬹⻪ɢ嫵
ʹ󣬷Ұ΢΢£ȸ½֮ĴʹҪӵ¸ӣд͵ľ
Ǽʴʹ󣡡ѩܷܷ³ֽڣε𾪡
ѩ壬ǼʴʹҲ˽⣬⻹ǵһμǼʴʹ͵ľ붯ǧ㣬Ҳ
̤ǼʴʹǾͻᱻǿգһֻ̤һˣǳֵλöģֻҪҵһأ˸һںηġؽһŷҰˡ
Ұ΢΢üͷΪԼһֻҪǣ־Ϳһǿգȴô¶ֻһһĽУ⵹Щ鷳ˡ
˵ǿֵ֮λöڵһظУгΣգֿĻҰǵˡ
ƺǲ˷ҰĵģѩܷܷỬסҰƣΪȵ·еЩҪǿö࣬ҶвֹһʥһظΣգҲ޷ʲô鷳赣ġ
Ұ˵ͷĿתƵ˷ѩϡ
СںѩܷܷҰģ˶εɱΣԶˣΣ֮ҲԴӦĵĻС÷ѩ
ѩپʲô콾ʱ򣬴󲿷ʱҲصɽ֮ĴҲޣδʲôΣ
ֱӾ̤뵽ǿ֮УҰĲ¡
ҰóžݸѩѩĲµľ㣬澵ȥǧСģ
ѩӣƤգ´۾Ц磬ͷİɣҲô۸ģһʥˣҪҵҲûôס
Ұ룬Żʹ˸ɫѯʵ״̬Щ⣬ܷѩһ𣿡
ĵ˵ͷ˵СһǼʴʹҲӦҵϢҿѩһ𡣡
Ұ΢΢˿лŷѩǱȽϷĵġ
Ӷ࣬ϳԿңлŷѩҰҲԸӦѩľλãǿ֮ҲһЩ
ҰһۣʵĵȻˣǾͷֿɡȥ֮ΣΪһҪȻپҵһأڵһػϡ
˵ͷӦǣСԸµĵһ̤뵽Ǽʴʹ֮Уͼһ׹סСڵӰһСھѾʧڴ֮С
ѩܷܷ˷ҰһۣҲ̤Ǽʴʹ󣬱˳ȥ
磬һˡѩЦĽ뵽˴ʹ֮УȻ黯һ˷ѩϡ
Ǿ޴Ŀй⻪һæһֻһˣ˻ᱻʱѷ쵱˺飡
һ𣬴ʹеİ׹ѾŻͷѩʧûзκε쳣
ôصг˲⣬̲סš
ҰЦ鲢ޣĳƷ飬׵ǡ
ԭˣҲΨԽ͵ͨˣֻ鵹ǲǾ޴Ŀһ˿Ȼûнƶϵһ
һġҰһһ̤Ǽʴʹ󣬾͸оԼһ׹סˣ˵һʧԭء
ҰоԼʱ֮У֮䴩УٶȱƷ۵ٶȲ֪˶ٱ
ٶ̫죬ҰһʱմҵĸоľЩ㱡
ִ̫ңԶˣ֪˶ãҰŴص״̬˹оֺʱյʧˡ
ҰҡҡͷͷٴλָϸĴŸһС
һƬǿգҵλȫһ˲Ӷ嫵ûκӦԼںη֪ȥ
δڵһظ֮ڣԼҵķ򲻶ԣҲԶ˵һء
ͥĵͬǿգޱ޼ʣҲ޷֪̽ȫò
ǿ֮УҰǿյĿ¡ݼһƬֻʯĿĵƮ޿ײ̫Хת̹ǡ
˴̫뷽Ұƣȴǿ˰ٱֹ̫Խǿ߶ʴһ
ѹ־ʿ·Ψоϵʿֵܹס̫磬µʿģûаֽң
ҰϸӦһ쳣ȶڵʵն˺ѣеǳĲ˼顣
οʥ͵ս»ֿܡ
ǿеĴЦʯ໥ײѳɸСʯͷƮԶ
ҰһһȭһСʯ棬һǿʯѳҰҲ಻ѡ
ʯļӲ̶ԶԶ󣬾һľײˣҲѪ
֮ͥУҰͼʶʯʱٴμʯû̫Ծ
˵ǿգʵһǹⶼںģΨƯʯǵӫ⣬Ϊ˵
Ұȫʧȥ˷У֪һںηѡ˸˹ȥ


600 ֳ
г޾ıݼţʱؿԼССʯȺ䣬һռмƮҡһЩϸܵɰĴ裬κ
ҰϸӦһӦ˻λãԼҲʮ֮ң
лС÷ѩһ𣬷ҰСõİοǺܷĵģԻСõʵôҲڵһضȥɣ
ǶڵһظǿУ˴֮ľûеһصľҲѾԼڵһػϣҰҲûпȥСûϣҵһصλ˵
ûƷ۸·ƷۻʥԵֵסеĸɱҪ³Ų˶þͻᱻˡ
ۼһʯԶԼڵķƮ˹Ұ̤ǿʯϡ
ǿ֮У÷з·еʯ·ʣֻʯٶȣʵǲҹά
ʯǰУƹЩʯȺ䡢ռеΣգŻڵλø˹ȥ
ٴһʯȺ䣬ҰʶҪܿʯתƷ򣬷ҰȻͷųһ貵⣬ѿڵǻҫ𣡡
ǰԶóʯȺУһĥ̴СĽɫʯ˸ǹ⣬һһģ͸һλð
ǻҫһֺʥϣһһϣħĻָҪá
Ұڷӿȭͷųâһȭ俪ǰʮʯǿǻҫС
̹һǻҫ˽ȥħսǿվͼĶСӵ˻治
ʥϣʥ𣿡ҰЩڴѯʡ
ħĵʮﵽʥ׵ϣƾͲ๻ˡ
ҰɵøеһʮʥϣϼһҲ˵
ÿһʥ϶Ƴһʥϼһſھʵʿ飬ֱڳʥ
Ҳ̫ݳˣ
ħǸƶЩƣֻƶָҪħָҪϣһʡ͵ĵưһ˻
º󣬷ҰڼһǳԶԶȥɢŵĽɫǹ⣬貶Ŀ
Ʈ˰£ǳҲ÷Ұ϶һ˿ϲ⡣
ǳֱֻǧﳤоųϵ½أ󲿷ֶǸںͻĮ沼˴ССڶߡ
Ұϣ϶ѻ˸ĲйǣɢӨӨ׹ͬСɽС޲кߴʮ׵ݹȵȡ
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Ұ̲סЩɻ󣬲˵·ҲҪЩкô¶
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Щ棬ؿ˱ҧĺۼЩкǱĳֶɶģ
ʱҰһ˵
̧ͷȥͼһɫӰӴӶгķɵУһ˻֯һƬħͷƤ顣
ҰЩɫӰȫһֻֻСĹֳ棬ֻֻǰ֫ȵ滹Ҫ񣬿УϼŲɫĶҺгǧֻ
ЩֳɢϢǳǿΪ͵Ҳʦ磬󲿷ֶ磬нֻĹֳھ硣
ڹֳĺ󷽣Ұоһѹһλʥ
Ұг˲ɫǧʦЩֳǷ֮УҲһ󳬼
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ЩֳǵصĳŷҰΧ£һɢŲ׺ϢסƬա
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ɽ裬ƳǿưԵƬֳ档
̤׿񱼣һһǰĿƣ׹⽫ǰֳ涼񱩰ҡ
غУĺĹֳ澡ɱ飬ǹɺһͱɿ
ӭչᣬ磬ĹֳƬƬ壬ë׷ɣȻǹ룬ǻ߽⡣
Ƭֳֻ̣汻Ұնɱֳʬڵ϶ѻСɽһ㡣
ԶǸʥĹֳ߷һŭһɱŷҰŭǿֲķγһƬյĽɫƶ䣬˲Ϣ
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ֳŭųҰٶȿ쵽˼£ֻǰ֫ѹжѿһХת۵˷Ұǰ
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Ұ˫ĿкâֱӻӶȭȫϷӭնĵǰ֫ɱ˹ȥ
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ʣµЩֳҲһ뵽·Ķ֮УƬ̾ʧٴλָš
ҰȻ֮ɫЩֳӵҲ̫ɴˣ򲻹͹Ӵܣ˳Ѩ֮Уȷǹƻġ
齵ϣЩֳͳȺӵȥɱЩʬǲкǰҲʦǿߣ;ǵѪ⾫Щֳ˵Ǵ󲹣ѹЩֳΪôǿ
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601 Һ
ʲôöҰ¶һ˿ȤЦݣܹħΪöƷԶĺöħ۹ɸߵĺܡ
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ҺҰҲֻƬļأ˵ҺΨںǴը֮һ˿ܻγɣ񱩵۶ɡ
Һʰҿ񱩣ȴһѵõҺֻҪһС룬Ϳӵпʥ
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Ұתͷб²İ˾ŲʮǸ̫ƵĺǣֻǺǴը֮ĲкпܽҵҺ
Ŵ˴ҰȻʹȥбУû˿Է
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ԭǿһ֡Ұظһ䣬ǵһ֣ǿ壬Щ˽⡣
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Щֳǿ壬ҰԴ˲̫ģĵҺ
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602 ʥ
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603 һ
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˶ͷųԼѹ޷ǿƵسųſڸȥ
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Ұ˼űһȭͼƬ˸һɫƱǸҫ뵽üġ
ҫɨ˷ҰһۣٴǿƵĵСӣÿ·һ


604 ʥ
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ȭͷײһ𣬷һĺ嫵ǿеһۿɼ
ӰֿҰ˿δǽҫȴʮɲֹͣһͷұĴ࣬Ѫǿգг˾֮ɫ
ʲôȻǸСʤˣôܣ
ûǴĻǸõδ˿ķǽҫ춯˵ƶѹ·磬Ѿǿֵز𣿡
ҫ춯õ֮ѾȰʥ껹Ҫʤһֱ׷ʥͰ
ҿӦѾʥˣ
÷ҰЩ콾ڵţҰԵһȭǵ̫ˣȫƷǶԷҰĿҰĿжһĨɵ
ЩļһҲʼǿƣֱѾ֮߱ʡ
ʱڶǿ֮гô飬еô
ҰĮɨ˽ҫһۣͷҲصһأûλ콾С
ҫϵƷӿ֨죬޸Žҫ˵ֱۣڷҰѯʵԣһսģҲ
Ұ΢˶ٽŲĮĵҰﲻ´ҿɾͲˡ
ҫӿֳһĨŭ⣬뵽ղŷҰǰԾصһȭջʲôû˵
ڷҰǾԵʵǰҫҲòԼš
ҰԱ±вС
ҰҺ˵֣ܸоϤӡ
ף˵ǷҰǸҰ
ħʮкüУɱҲ·𣿡
ղһȭȷǾ춯أǿΪԲѹֿնɱħʮ·֮УҲʸǿ֮С
ҰЩʿ̸ۣݲȵһء
һأɣ¥ϣǽѣ֮£κ˶һСĸо
ҰµʱڳǽϺȻһɫ⻪еӰ·뵽֮УԿݣȴ͸һɺ޾ʥ
Ǹʥˡ
λʥĿĴӳһһɨÿ˶һȫܶ̽Ϥĸоʥ˲̲ĵǵһصĻ߹ʥߣ֮Уֹɱ¾֣͵ظɱ
˵λʥ΢ͣ£ּͨΣص֮֮⣬һ϶֣ԹԼ
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ʥƽĵҪڶأҪ̤·ֱӽڶأ·޷ͷ𡣡
΢΢ݣȴû̫ľȣԤϣʱֻǸȷˡ
ףǺˣȥɣʥƽͳף˲ʧ˳ǽϡ
Ұ˼⣬ʥҲȫȷȻĻ·תǹʥô
Ұƣ·תһЩ֮ӦҲǿġ
˵Щʥ;Ļ߶ǿġ
̤뵽ų֮УҲ֪ǲǷҰĴħ΢ɲ̾˿ϸʱʧˡ
ڹųУҰоеĺ嫣ָ¥Ժ۴αȣֵޱȣֵӦоУ˹ɫϢ
ֵֽȻҲʮɿɲǧޣôɵ£
һ˿棬ҰعͷȥһͷǧɽڿŵʱȫСֱСʮɴСֹͣ
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ҰĶΧһȦһĨɫ
ųеȫͬʿ٣ʿռһС֣󲿷ֶǾһµʿ÷Ұоǳš
ڷҰеƵʱ򣬷ѩһഫ˹磬أôڲ
˳ķȥҰ㿴ѩѩܷܷ˹Сԡ
ǼѾһ𣬿Ұǳˡ
Щ鵢£ûаװ˷ʱ䣬ʱҸһЩöҰһЦ˵š
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ҰصЦЦȻһЩöˣϸõóֵĶʲôʱʱȲҪ˵Щˣһصô¶ôи̤ûõĴڰ
ѩܷܷ͵ЦЦתĵҵ˽һЩԹ·ϵ콾ʤв콾ͣ·ĸؿ֮ϣԼĺŴܹڹų֮еˣǸͨˣҲзǳǿĺ̨Ҫǡ
Ұʼ磬Цҿɲ鷳ˣ⻤ô£δ̤·ˣǴǰ·صˣ
ѩܷܷ͵ҵ˽⣬ػصģ˵ÿһضһʥЭ̫ĳͻֹħ͵ϮصȵȡǰʮظһʥػǰʮأҪǻߡ
ʥͳڳΪʥ߻ʥˣʥڳΪʥʥͺڳΪʥʥʹԲΪʥʡ
ҰԵͷдʥػǰʮأֻǲܵΣա
ЩߵҲֵ壬ΪҵǸʵ̫ˡ


605 
һأǿµĹųǣبŲ࣬صɫʡ
ѩܷܷ˵Ľ⣬Ұ·һЩ˽⡣սħ㣬Ҳĵط̺޾ء
ҰѩܷܷȻĽ˵һеһ޴¥֮С
¥ɽӵĿռ¥һ¥Ŀռȴ쳣ĺƴ󣬿
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ϵķ˸ݳ쳣⣬ݹǣҩÿһֲ֮ж̺޾ľԸλʿ˵Ǵ󲹡
Ұ˵һӲˣ߳Ա̸߽ţż˵̸ۡ
ǰ·Ϣˣʮλ콾Ѿ˵ʮأ뵽˵ʮһ֮Уδһ˷ظĽи״ʹһƣĨһ죬˵š
ҰͷȥǸ״ֻǸھʿô͵Ϊ˵һ֮УҲǸؾ
Ӵ󺺵Щƶϳ̤·֮Ȼ޷ͷ֮䣬Ҳϵ֪˴˷顣
˴˵ʮأϢ÷ҰеЩ⣬·ڣѾȥ˺üˣ˴ǰʮˡ
ԭѣҶ֪Ϣ֪ͨǰʲôϢһ̳þƣǸ״󺺴µϢ
״󺺶ž룬ҡͷڵھŹص֮أħɱĸʿнλ콾ħС
ʲôħڵھŹص֮ˣôܹ뵽·е֮صģħʥ𣿡кüѯ˳
ҰһҲеЩ⣬ĿⶼתƵǸ״ϡ
״󺺽һ£Цλ辪ţÿһص֮أںǿ֮У·ʮŹؽ֮ͨصһŦˡħȻţǵȷʵҲ֪˲·е֮أܹǰ֮ؽɱҲûʲô˵ġ
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״󺺼ʶ㣬˵˿ûԾѹָУǸƽ̸
Ҳ֪ӦЩǿкԨԴû˱ʣѯҲĺܡ
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ɫصѯʵħʥͳǰأǶǴصʿ˵Ǹѣ
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˶̲סһ״󺺵Ļ̫ˣǰʮ֮о͵飬ȷǳ붼顣
ҰҲһۣε𾪡ǱΪϣŹأû뵽Ϲʱڻǰʮ֮е
뵽״󺺸ղԣҰҲһЩ֮ضںǿ֮УؿҲֻͨЩصŦˣǿĳؾһֱУһͻƵϵųҲпܵġ
״̾ϢһȻϴԣ޾ǰи꣬ڵһصĳ֮ݷ꣬һٴﵽʥ۷ʥʾ硣ǿƵ̤··ϵ콾նɱһ·ƵʮŹأǶ±Ϊһ˵ʱǸʱδκһ飬Ҳ
Ұ΢΢üͷʵɱҲ̫ˣնɱ콾ѪֶѾħ졣
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Ұ޷콾£е鵽ܵħʲô衣ħҪǸʱ򣬿Ͳˡ
ħһֱ򵱳һʿһֱ浽ڵԭ
˳ûУѯ˳
״ҡҡͷ˵Ҳδ̤һɱ·ϵ콾֮󣬻ֻǰ벽顣Ҫ񣬲ͨؾͿԵģҲɱо߾ͿԵġ
˶˼ʵ굽˭ôˣ
£״󺺻³صۣظһ䣬־ͽж£˵뵽˴˵еĵʮأ˵˵Ϊħ߹˵ħ壬˵Ȼ˭Ҳ֪յˡ
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ҲһЩĳȣʵѧѧ£·ϵʿһרԼʱ
˵Ǵӵһģһ֮رչˣĿȵѯʳ
ҲĶ״󺺣ϣ֪µıչ֮ҲȥԵ
״ʼ磬Ǵ֮Ѿʧʷ֮ˣҲ֪ǻ˻Ǳжصϵ
˶ЩʧҲӦ˹Ǵ֮ػڣôҲ˲֪ٱˣҲûʲôϵˡ
״ʹҡҡͷ͹һƣһھЦղŵǳԶˣͲ˵ˣʱĳ˲콾Ҳ̳ȷƵһʢˡ
ǰ˵·տǶʱ䣬֮ǿһ콾Ӹظ˴֮Ħٲ˵ģһǿնɱѪһƬȷǳ콾иĿ¶׷ɫ
ӦҲǵһģһֱδ̤·ڶأȻڵһ֮ͣ
Ҳټʱûͨ·ڶأڵһĥ¼


606 콾
İƻնʮλǿߣֱɱȾѪء
Ҷһȭһͷϻ룬˷
İһһ˪նΪü
ķӱ¶˷Ѫвǿ߶֣ȫ͵ظɱҲһǵ
ľľ컯еѪľһͷѪɫˣѪ챯һϱľԲնɱˡ

һһϢ˿дЩ˶·֮ʱ͵ˣۼ֤˵
Ұ·𿴵˵ô콾ĳ棬ٸһѪڡ
Щ콾նںл棬ҰĿ׷ǣǱؽڽʱٲһ
˵콾Ҳ˵ȵһǸ콾󳾡ĻӵȫǳˣŸˡ˸п
Ǹ״˫Ŀ˸ƹԣ̾ʱʱֵ콾࣬־콾һħūۡ
˶ͬУʱгֵ콾񻰴˵еʱҲˣпܴħļ
ѵϢͨ˵ǰ·һЩϢ֪֪ǰ·ûзʲô飿иԼһ̳þƣǸ״󺺴ǰ·Ϣ
״󺺽̳յţ¶һ˿ЦеɫĿ⣬ƷһڣЦĵ˵ǰ·ǵȷһЩ¡
˶һգգĶԼ״˹ĵ˵ڵصۻ֮أõ˻ϵ컯е١
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ǻϵ컯еһ֣ڵؾͳʱþ¥еڶʿ˷һԾԾԵӡ
컯飬֮оֻʮ֣ÿһֶǶһ޶ģ붼˷ܡ
ףĻӲǺŽ·ôȴȥǰЩ˶ûз𣿡˺ʳһɻ
״󺺺Ȼǿպޱȣû˭֪ǿյжصܸʤܵõʲôıȫ˻Ե˵ȽľͱȻܵõö
ҰðԵͷĴ˵ûǿʵ̫ˣ·ǰЩ˶˺󣬴󲿷񶼷·ǰ棬߹ĵطҲһû˺ö
״ֵˣ˵Ķ£ڵһⷢ˸ڣһ·ơ԰·֮ϣȲв
˶˼ҰЩĿ״󺺣󺺵ļʶǺܲһ㰡
ѯʵǰ·Ϣ𣿡
״󺺽̳ƺ˸׶죬ּİƵõһʥҩĶһλʥʹĹʹõһԴ˵ǰϻʥҩ;ŴҲ֪˭ȥ
˶ĳȣ̳ÿ˶ʸõǶδġ
״󺺲ûٶ˵ʲô˹뿪֪ȥ˺η
磬ôѩɨҰ΢üͷѯ˳
Ұ˼Ƭ̣˵û·ĥԼеģһζǰأҲһԼΪиİֻҪΪıǿˣԺսħʱſ𵽸á
ѩܷܷϹǳǳЦݣ£ǵĳԾĥԼΪӦҵħ١ǲҪ׷˵ĲԶأֻҪϵѰҸʺԼĵطĥʺǵġ
Ұ˼üͷȻǸԵĴͬʱҪĵطҲȫͬ˶Ⱥһֻ˷ÿ˵ʱ䣬ħɲôʱ䡣ҿǵǿԷֿſÿ˶ܹٶȽΪ
ѩܷܷͷѩɵüͷǶҰֿ˼һЩԸӡ
Сںͻ鵹ûʲô̫ĵִҲ֪Ұ˵ʵ飬ҲĬˡ
Ұסѩܷܷͷѩ֣ЦõģҲҪڷֻֿǰ˵½ֿԣһʱǻֿ
ѩܷܷͷѩ˵ͷͬ˷Ұ˵
Ұ̾һħѹԽԽǱ취Ϊ޶ȵܹδռݸ֪ǿŸָΣգҲЩǰ
ѩܷܷЦЦĵ̫࣬ǵʵҲˣ˿ģȻҲԣÿ˶Լĵ·ҪߣҪڲͬĵطſĽԵΪħ壬ĵˡ
ҰͷѩܷܷΪѩ崫ˣĥѲĳ٣ΣҲɴӦ
СڵĻﲻ࣬ȴǸתûǰ䣬սȴ˿δʧҲõġ
ҰĵĻС÷ѩСþ̫٣Щ鲻㡣
ҰаԴ⣬ҪֿҲҪûŷѩУĽ׶ǸԼģǲʲô
һ˼ھ¥Ƭ̣˵һЩй·СϢ㷹֮󣬾һ뿪
ǿյһأǹ·㣬ҰȻҪúùһ䡣
Ұһڵһй䣬оصĺ֮ϸζȻһַĵľη·ݷһͷޣǳء
һʱ䣬Ұһ˲Ź˵һеʮ֮һصȷǹ嫵ġ
ҰڼʶѩܷܷͷѩֵǿǿԽ鱣һ죬÷ҰЩࡣ
һ֮УҰĿ˲ٺöʥ洦ɼڵ̯Ķвٳʥģڳʥ似ƷҩҲټ÷Ұһۻҵĸо
ҰһֱΪԼܸԣڵһйһȦ֮󣬲ŷԼٶ
ڰ̯ʥҰǲôأչʮʥϺͽϣʥԼˣ϶ħ
ֱǱĵطҰ߲·ˣ￪¯ȴ׬һʣúõռһı
ϻȥ֮󣬷ҰͽҺָˣѩܷܷ˶һֲŵĸоһϲĪ
ȵȫʥӵеĵҲͽˣҰҲܹӷһЩ
Ҫʥ֮ǲеģ޷ͻƣ͸Ӧ׽٣ҪУǵҲͻơ
ңҺޱȣҰʥ֮ʱΪҽѩܷܷڵ»ܲסҺ
ҪҺҪǰ׼С


607 
ҺҰɲ뽫ֱóȥӵܺǼλӶҪֱ壬û˻Ӷġ
ڶһ磬Ұʹѩܷܷٴڵһε
ηҰҪҪһ棬ǱҪĿö࣬Ѿһشһ顣
Ŀ죬ҰڸЩ˽⣬ҲһЩġ
ҰҪĵطЩ⣬ƷҩҪܹӦ׵ĵطһνףܹӦ׵ĵط
⼸ģֿԸӦ׵ĵط÷ҰͽκΡ
۳һʱҪȥˣҰһƫƧĽֵϼһĶ¥ǸʾԸӦ١
Ұֱ˽ȥɢɢİڷݡϡҩЩͨĻɫ
ڵûпһˣԵģֻһʮ̴߰ûɵһ̨ϡ
Ұһ˵Ǹ̴ӵһĿѩܷܷͷѩϣȻ͸Ͻת˹ȥǰķҰ΢Цӭٲرбҩϡݵ¥ǿֱӶɽ٣֪λʲôҪ
ѩܷܷͷѩŮݶºǳ֮ʱϰԵùסԼò˿ʣ޷ǵݡ
ϵҲǳأ㿴ҲܹӦ־Ķǵ
̴ȾͱѩܷܷͷѩĶʸסˣûʧŮۿǺòĽĿתƵ˷ҰϣҲЩ
ﻹԶɽ𣿡̴ӵѯʣѩ̲סѯʣȻݺ㶯
Ǹ̴ӽ͵λ֪رһ֮неļԸӦٵĵط¥ʥػֻҪʥ֮٣ڴ˴԰Ȼɽ٣ǿжɽҪȫöˡ
˵Ǹͣ£ּȻṩɽٳɽ٣ǻȡǲַáˣһ֮ҲǺƽȻ϶ѱ˰ˣҪԼػ
ҰЦЦƵĵǲΪ˶ɽٶҿгӣصؽʣ˴ǷҪ⣿
Ǹ̴£ɫ΢ЩȻ
ղĽŲرĺôʱҰ˵⣬Ȼ⣬Ǿ˵沢ƣղŽܵЩԵˡ
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ᶶ½ɫĵ棬ǹЩɫ˭Ҫ
Ǹ̴ЩΣŷҰ˹ֵλԵƬ̣޵飬Ҫ¥ȥ֪ͨƹġ
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ҰǸ̴Ӱ˰֣Ͳˣҿ˴⣬͹ʣ˴γģ
ǸӴ⼸仰о֪Ұ˵ʲôϻֱӵһϾһꡣ
Ұһ˶һ̲ס˳˵ƹģȷ㲻ڴһϾԹһʥˣܹһ꣬Ҳ̫˰ɣһʱ䣬ոؾ͹ȥˡ
ǸЦݲĵܹӦٵطҴӱʱҲ۸ҿûиһһ
Ұȵĵ㲢ԭˣԭ˭
ҡͷһزˣǶġԭҲҪ취׬ȡ龧ܹȥ˸ɴ֮ʸеֻǺСһ֡һصԭ˭֪
С΢΢üͷĵ޷ӵʱǸ˭ӵģ龧ָ˭
ӽ͵ȻɳЩ龧ɳߣ䷢ơ
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ҡͷҲ֪Ĳֻ࣬˵סĳҲԼġһе龧ҲǱȥˣҲûбߵȥһ治֪ô龧ȥ˺η
ҰƬ̣û˿ͷȻ뵽ħѯʵ֪֪һصô¶
ħĵǵһˣҲЩ龧ȥǸȥĵطͲöˡҪ龧ôϻ
Ұһϼһ˵治ħôһ˵ҰеЩ²⡣
·ֻǰ޷˺󣬷ҰɲڵһسסȻһһϾǾһˡ
Ұ˲ħľնɱħʥõǧϾȻֶһЩʱǧ򣬶Դ˵ܵ
ϡΪܹӦ׵ĵطڵһ֮Ҳࡣ
Ҿһ꣬ǰϾǽӻҪ𣿡ҰóһָǸӡ
ӽӹָһ˿ɨ˽ȥ¶һ˿ϲɫæóһƶҰҵģʣһµʱ䣬ǰ¾͵͸ˡֻҪԼһƾ֮УͿԳΪ˵µˣپ
ҰͷҲʡȥ˲鷳
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ӵҲɴ࣬ٵĽ¥еЩҩ뵽˴ָ֮Уȥ¥ʰһԼĶʰˡ
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Ǹɽεĵ˵ͷĿȥ
Ұ˿Ǹ̴ӣȻɽ
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Ұ˼֮ʱҪΪȡʲôģܷܷѩСǶҪûʱЩǵȷҪҸæ
̴ɽƷҲ˵Ҳ壬ֵҲԡ
ҪʱҪȣҴ²ʲôģɡһϾãֻҪúãҲġҰ˵ͷ˳ֶȥһָ
ɽӹָϳϲ⣬ڵлֹ


608 
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ѩܷܷѩ˼ƯİܣҰԭĲرӻɸңĸ֣
Ұǰ˸ӣдŴƷµĵҩͬʱ۲ƷƷĵҩ
ҰֽԼƵĸֵҩдȥƷҩƷҩȫȥ顣
ɽ֮󣬳״סˣ̲ס˳ӣ⣬ЩҩƷʦ
ҰЦŵͷҿƳƷǵҩˣԺҲùӹӵĺˣշҷˡ
ӡ磬һʦһöҩƷϵĵҩĸ帱һöϣɵʲߵĻǻⱾġɽϵЩ壬ĵ˳
Ұ¶һĨŵЦݣȻİɣⱾġ
ҰҲڷ˽ƷƷĵҩʮƷɵڷ۵λãھ޴ĵ¥ԿտȴԵ塣
Ʒɵĵ棬һֹһţôܻԵ壿
ҰƵóô൤ҩɽ֪Լʲôֱ
ɽˣΪηҰѡһܹӦ׽ٵĵطƷɵɲҪ׽ٲܹ
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ҰԼһ裬ƷŲ裬˼Źءħһϵе顣
ɽ΢΢ʱӣĿ֮ɫȻδȹֲҶƾζףԲһĲҶ
ѩܷܷһӣһɽǰѩܷܷŵĵɣ̫ҲýԼˡ
ѩܷܷСҲɽͷɽжĵ˵ͷƷһڣֱоȫë׶ſˡ
ϴⶼ˰ˣôһ˶ûаϴҪߺһɤӣұ֤һضܹõڵȥѾЩżˡ
ҰԤϣĵλñͺƫƧʿҲһ￴ûҲĺܡ
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Ұֵ飬СӾͰֵɣܻŵġ
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⼸ʿɽˣôɽ¶һǸƷʦڳƷǵҩƣʱҲˡ
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ҰԴʺĵʱٶȿ౶ֻҪСʱͿƳһƷɵЧ˲١
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ڣɽҲ˷Ұ˵취ʲôˣ治
ҰЦŵ˵ͷ㵹ˣһ⼸ġԵһ£Ҫк¸λ
˵ţҰ㳯Ÿλڵеʿ˹֣·Ұ֮۸ƷĵҩⱾ˿ԴƷµκεҩԣƼ۸һŵҩ׼ȫߣҲϴ档
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ǱѾ³˷ҰǸƷʦҲ˷ҰǸӣʱҰ׿ڳϣȻеЩ𾪣һ
ϻȡһöҩּ۸ֱĸƷҩĳɹʶҪﵽɲܹû˸ôŵ
ֺĳ棬Ұ΢΢üͷȻźö飬ߣߣˡ
ֺȺҰ仰֮󣬾˶ԾĿʼ˶顣
ǵһأҲŲٱصǿߣиͷɫǵվ˳ɵĵʦǱصķ룬λѶӽи硣￪ûŵĻҲáɣҿƷɵв٣ʮƷɵұⵤΣ
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ҰȻǸ룬ĵԭǸµģ˵ʮɵˣһɵ㡣ﲻӭ㣬ɡ
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610 
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æܵˣĺҪһŸɵΪֻһ쾫ݣԱٷ֮ٵĳɹС
ָϽ͵Ҳ֪ЩΪѣʦ԰ƳɵЩ⣬һٲʦһϾ
Ұ˰֣Цղܳ԰ңܲʶôԼм쾫ݣȻ԰ƳһöɵˣȻû쾫ݣЩȴ׼Եֵһ쾫ˡ
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֪ҰҪϣص˵κϡв϶ԵѺҩԴҪƵҩһЩϣõҪƵҩ˶еǳˡ
еľ˶ǿ֮Уȱľϣ鿪Ǻܺθڡ
ȻҲ﷽Ұռ˲ٵϡ
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ѩܷܷͷѩչеģµãȫŷҰǮˡ
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۵ĵҩѾˣλҪ󹺰ɡѩܷܷת˵ͷǸ
ڿ֮ʱҰ˵ˣÿֻЩҩ۸Ҳ¥࣬Ҳ𹫷ߡ
ЩҩÿҲнǧϾˣҲòۺ죬ڵڶ죬鷳ˡ


611 鷳
һɱڵĽ뵽֮УڵȺ˶еľȵǿЩ˵֮󣬸
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߿űùͺͺָɫʱ
ԶЩȺʿеľв˶ϳߵ֪ɵĸǸİʥټһͷ̫ٶȷƣʥٶȶҪϲ١
ڣٶȼ̫Ȼһôʿг˰ȷ˶һֲ˼ĸо
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Ҳ̫ˣ㵽ǻʿǵƦåѩ̲סòͷˣǹ˼ɴ˵ݣͳֽѵˡ
ͷ¶βĻëѾͷֵõ죬ҿ㵽ǺηʥַТһֳ̧ŷѩһƬ̫⣬·ԾƵģŷѩȥ
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ҰӹһĨɱ⣬ɱʵһ㣬ó˶еһ
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Ұԣ˶һѹַҰţħʥͶնɱħսʥҲˡ
ڵһίȫ
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ҰɻʥߣǡùʥҲʥݵеȷвٰ࣬ǰĺܣδѼÿһ콾һݲɻȱϣǽԸõػ򡣡
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еҲŷҰлԾź˶飬ҰĿжŷĵľη


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ҰӣЦǰʱƵĵҩЩ࣬˻ʱòϵĵҩг۵ļ۸񣬿ɱļ۸Ҫߵ̫ˡֲԿϲȥɡ
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ǣֻҪʥϻϣҰԥֻҪ֣ʹûòġ
ϾڣҰɲŹԼõκβϡ
ʱ󣬷ҰȥϾ˶ʮʥϣеʮֶʥϣưƷʥĲҲռһЩ
ҪһǣɪƮƮһ仰еٴεȼ
ʲôǣôܣ
ĹǶֱҲ̫˰ɣ
˵̺֮ĵΪһһ̨ףҲó𣿡
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ֻڴ˵е飬ȻŹǴ˵о̺һѹдУֺ£˭Ҳ
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ҰһգգſɪգҪɪԵǣǷԼЩһ
ɪϹЦݣɿ̨λŮϵĺɴƿ¶еľ
ڰ֮УһֳɫĹʣӡһضӵתһĪĵϣȴָܲκεϢ
ȻһǣڱصãҰйâ¾һҪõöƬ
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ԭǸǰ׼һˡ
˵Ƭл̺ĴУֻһԴִаˣ۸̫ߵĻǿоо
챦̻ӲƭˣǶû취̽еǱȻѾϵˣûҪ˷ǮȥַƷ
е˶ǳʧҲƸղǰˡ
ɪЦⲻλʧ챦̻е޷ƽ⿪еܣоƬǲ򵥣˵λȥ֮ƽأ
е˶Կɪյ˵ôţܹǵܣǵҲóˡ
˶²⣬Ƭеͱ˸ˣʮа˾ǸƷ
ҰɲôΪϵǲֹһ飬оʮ궼δоʲôֱ֮бȻʲôܡ
ǣ˵ʲôҲҪ


616 
ǵĵ˵ˣǲϾףҪƷȡ似ҩĵȵȣֻҪйصģۡɪ˵ǵʽƷ
Ļξǹѯ˳
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ĵĳʼֵûиΧѯ˳
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г˶ݵļžǵľķʽƷͬҶ֪óۼΣһʱ֮侹Ȼ˳ۡ
Ƭ֮󣬴биʿ˳ҳҩҩһ꣡
˻δ䣬оٴλָ֣˺һҩҲҪǣҳһͷСʥ𣡡
ҳһſɶشʥߵıѷ˱Լļ۸
еԽԽ𱬣ֳ۶УƷļֵҲԽԽߡ
ҶǵҲЩȤԸһʥģֹһʥߣǵĵѿԿһ¡Ӷ¥дһº͵Ҫһʥ
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Щʿı廨ţļֵ˵ȴһһء
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˶ӷҰ仰в²˵óһöƷµҩģһ֮У˷Ұˡ
뵽ղŷҰʹִŵĻȥϾеҲȻԭʦҰһֱô𱬣Ұļҵ֮񳬺
ҰֻҪ֣һ˺ֻҪ֣Զپˡ
Ұ֮Ҳû˱ˡ
ɪղƬ̣ϸֳһ˿ЦݣǼ˵ˣҪһöԪɵټһöǿɵſɽס
ԣҰܸɴӦóƿȥ
Ұ־ڱصãڻ޷̽ʲôãܸо̺һ־ܣ˵ƷɵˣԷҪʮŵҩҲԥĻȡ
ɪռһƿеĵҩȷ֮󣬱ŮǸҰ˹ȥ
ҰõǣǾ
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ᵽ˺ڣĶֵҲԽԽߣһһıת˳ÿһζھۣһֱǳ𱬡
Ҫһʥ߾Ľܣɪ˵˳еµȼ
˵ţɪսҿŮĺɴ¶һȫɫСˣֻаƴСصϢ
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в˶Ħȭƣ׼취ܡ
ڵһ֮УΪҲʥ߾ǿߣֻҪõܣһ֮жԺˡ
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ʮ򣡡
ٰʮ򣡡
򣡡

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˰ʮϾʮźŹ۰˰ʮϾûиߵģɪռƻ˼Ӽۡ
ҰŤͷѩܷܷˣЦܵҲԻʥ߷û˭Ҫȥģ
ѩܷܷȻһЦϵıѾˣ򣬾͸ѩɡ
СڶûѩҲЩڴҰֱӱۣ˰ʮϾ
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һûټӼۡ
ɪ˼֮ٳۣɽ͵˷ҰС
Ұ־ͽ͸˷ѩ·Σڶ࣬ѩܻļҲһЩ
ϳֵıֵԽԽߣƷɵ¹֦мʥףȵȣۻҡ
ҰżһЩϳ⣬ûв뵽ľ֮С
ڣҲβʣһҲصһȱĲɪյٴֱӽȫȼ
˶ʶվȵſɪԱǸŮе̡
ǿרó
ҰҲ˸ŶĿâû˿Ե֮
ɪҲӣֱӽҿϸŵĺɴһѤ貵ĽɫâſһشĽ⾲У͸е˶ͷ
˵ǲȱĲʵⲻֻǲϵһƬƬˡ
Ƭ񽣲ƬҲԶԶһʥɱȡ
ɪյЩɫĽܵһؽ⣬챦̻ıϣؽ⼫п¼乥ҫ񽣵Ľ⣬ν·֮¡
׼۶٣̲סѯ˳г˿ȡ
ûе׼ۣϲⶥÿμӼ۲ʮϾĿʼɪտĺ˳


617 
һǧϾһؽ⣬ҪˣɪյĻδ䣬¥ʹһԵ
ɪûк׼ۣ۸ȴֱˢЩļ۸
һǧϾеڶʿ̲סһּ۸þ˶ȴˡ
ң⻹Ǹ׼ۡ
ҲףһؽᣬҪǼڶ¥¥֮䣬ǲĸ
һǧϾ빺һֻһƬҲֹ۸ҳǧϾ¥洫һ翵Ů
еʿȫоһѪȣȼľģѾԶԶֵܹģǵҲܹܵеļҡ
Ӽ۶ʮʮļӣؽһȴһӼһǧϾ˵͸Ƶġ
Ұ̾ҲóǱﰡ
ѩܷܷתĵ֮УӲǸһЩ˵ȻСϲɵҪϾԹ鱦ϣŵʵٶħ٣޿ײ룬ΪĿ׼
ҰͷѩܷܷѩĴ˵鿴õǷǳ͸
ϴؽ⣬ҪҪ뾺ģԾԾԵڷҰܷţɫͫ˸˷ܵɫ
ҰؽֻǲϵһƬƬȴĽ⣬ǿž¡ֻʣ´ԼǧϾ治һõ
һֻһֵ֣Ҳ
ӹҲô࣬ΣⱲӶٴˡ
ҰڶһǧǧĳۣҲ֪᳴ʲôۡ
ڵһظУʿҲвٳǿвѾõϢΪ׼ˡ
ǧϾ¥ʮŹҳǧϾãǧϾ¥ߺŹҳǧϾɪտٵıż۸񣬼Ӷ΢΢Щ죬ڽĳ£Եۡ
۸ֱÿһʱһµľļ۸֣Ⱥ鼤ܣһж˸˷ܵĹâ
ǧϾиߵһⱲӾ;һΣΣ˵һӶҲˣг۵ĸϽ˰ɪյƻ˼Ӽۡ
һϾҰ˼۸ֱǧ򣬴ﵽһϾļ۸
һϾã¥ŹĵѳһϾҫ񽣽۸Ѿڣг۵ĸϽ˰ûˣɪռ˶
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һϾܹѳһɽˣͨǼӶ׬ôϾ
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Ұ֮󣬳г˶ݵļž¥һдһŮѻǲƴְһϾ׵˳Щˮడ
Ұ΢΢üûҲʶ˭ȴҪԼƵ˼ϣʵϲ⡣
£ҰĻӦˮǸȵģһöҩּκεطǹĲٹ˰ɣλĵҲõʵݣģϻ˵ͼӼۣӲͱ죡
˸ԷҰҰҲ쳣˵ⷬν˿Էһ档
ԸˣҰδܵŮ
ҰûǸ˲֪Ǹжʱв˶С
ףɵ貨ӣɵһز֪ˣ֮ǵҰ治һܹù
ŷҰɵ˴˽ҫ񽣽֮ǻƴͷѪ
ҰǰʱȷǷǳ𱬣Ҫɵ־ްȣƻвСĲࡣ
ɵ󣬻Ҳˣε֮ǾĿԴɡ

Ұޱȣ˫Ľ˵̸У֪Ůӵɵˡ
ҰҲ֪ɵĵ񣬵Ǿǵ֮Ҫ˶Ͼһؽ⣬Ҳô׵顣
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һϾʮƷɵټҺһ衣ɵļһ۰ˣҰٴα˸۸񣬻ɵ
ȻѩܷܷƲΪţЩɶǺöܹʲôŵʵһأԼЩ۸ռһƵġ
Һ˵ֻҪһͿ˵ɱĿʥƲ𵤵ЧҪãȻһ裬ǿͶٿʥʿ
ȴ˵еﶼˣȷûа
۷׷ףɵڵǸ洫ҧȴûټۡ
滹˱ۣЩ˳ļ۸̫Ҳû˼мۡ
û˳۵ģû˳۵ĻѡյˡɪȻ˳ۡ
֮˱ۣɪղһĿҰڵλãЦĵϲ¥źĵѣѡλѳļ۸һϾʮƷɵټҺһ裡Բ
л׶һᵹǹ񫣬ûκζģҲôв顣
ҰѩܷܷһЦǹȻǲ¶ˣ˼пܾŵģҰĳ۶ȷ


618 ֵ
ԲĻڶʿδ뿪˴ռ֮ԶǶов顣
񽣽һĿѣԵĸо
һϾȻļ۸Ʒɵʮŵĳ֣ʥĵ顢Ȫ߼ʥҺȵȡ
Щóһºͷȫӿ˳
ڷҰ󻨷ôļֵĵһ񽣵Ľ⣬˶òֵ
ôĵҩҺԼԽһˣȴһĲƬ˶벻ͨ
ҰϾʮŵҩϾҺҲЯţܿ˽ףõһҫ񽣵Ľ⡣
ⶼ˸ŽĹâ͸һ쳣Ľ⣬
һؽ⣬Ұֵ̫ˡ
һؽ⣬ǲȱһСƬʵȴҫڣйĲλ
ҫ񽣵ĹоųɶǿһСƬɵģۼ˽ųɵܡ
˭ýɲ˵˰
ʽ٣նӡáѹҡأȵȣɱǿģǽ⡣
ѹľô֣²˶һؽļֵ
Ұõ˽⣬ħ˵һ仰׬ˣ
Ұֱӽ뵽ڣڵ˿˿ƵŷҰʡ
Ұֶβ٣𹥻ֶΣȷЩ㣬Ǽ鴫УֶΣȫȱһɱɱ
ڷҰ˵쵶Ĺˣڵ쵶ԶԶУʥǣ޷ӳӦе
һؽ⣬ǡֲֲ㡣
ҫ񽣵Ľ⣬Ұʵٴ࣬ʥͣҲδûһս֮
һβⳡҰõĶ治٣ֱоС
ҰһĴӺ˳ǡÿɵǼˣһŮһ뵵ɫ֮Уؾʲô貨ˡ
˵ΪҲﵽ˾ڣһΪʿˣҰȴδС
Ůӳɵ֮Уҩ޾ľ磬Ҳ̫зˡ
ϴ󣬽ջ񲻴ĳЩֻ֪ţļһﲻ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱڷҰ߷裬˵ⷬ
貨죬ݺݵŷҰͻ飬ĵ˿ɲ٣ҫ񽣵Ľ⣬ͱ߳һأ
Ұĵ֪еĽ⣬ٳ֣Ҷҳ֣ҿɲ
貨һٷϻɵڶʿ뿪챦ᡣ
Ȼ󣬷ҰּǸܵӣǸʮ꣬һɨ˷ҰһۣЦշģţʥվҪǰһӲ죬ҿ㻹Ŷã
ܻãܿŶáҰĻӦ
Ǹһ˦Ŵ뿪
Ŵ뿪ıӰҰ˼
˸һصĳмƣΪﵽ˾ڣӦһֱϵӣпá
ҰȻ׹ʥ߻ԼҲ壬վڵ֮ϣ»һΣǻɱַТ
˵ǴʥˣˣҰҲη塣
ӶҰҲǵһˡ
Щ˲ˣˣͨͨնɱЩҲֻܸˣˡ
սħ֮ʱҰɲָЩһܳʲô
Ұ֮ᷭУȥҲյģֻǸŵĵطˡ
ɽ֮УҰһƷɵʮƷɵʮƷɵҲţɽȥ
ɽڷҰĶǳ𾪣˵ҪҰǾֱĵƬϢ֮ŸоԼСϰ壬ŽЩҩ
ڳ֮УԺ͵жκεҰǾһ
ղײգǴҾֱɡѩܷܷ˳
Ұ΢£ɵɵͳ˶֪ĵöҵǻǲ
ѩܷܷȻһЦŵһأѹضˣҲûҪˡ
һػϣѩѯ˳
ѩܷܷȻսħĹ·ʮŹеÿһ֮أǻٴ֮յġ
ѩ˷ܵĵȥЩ֮򣬹ǿҲв٣ŻҸһġ
ҰûŷѩκΣնҪͨ괫֪ͨԼ
㽫ܶ˷ѩҰĵĻ
󣬷ҰСڣС¶һ˿ЦݣЩ֮ضҵòҾֱ̤·ȥˣһڵʮصǣһ𲢼սħ壡
ҰصСڵļ֣صĵأ
ɱҵģûءСǷһ˿аЦ͸һӵ
ҰǺٴСϿСһֱԼһ𣬶˵Ҳʲô¡
·Ӳǿʼչ˳ѱ˿ͥڤ
ϴأųѯ˳
ҰȻһЦԶΪȥȥİɣҲѰңǻطҵϢģ
һҲǣҰһ鶼ǿҵĺ䶯ЧҪ˶ãǾͿҰʲôطֽʲôˡ
Ұϵİ˳ɵĵҩָˣԼ˼Сһ֣ϻвٲϣҪҩʱƳ
ϻʣһǧϾѩܷܷѩСںͻÿ˷ǧԼҲǧԱʱ֮衣
ڵһе֮أҰѩܷܷ˸Էֿ͵˸Բͬ
ҰҲ֪ѩܷܷ˴͵˺ηԼĵطǸпݼһƬ֮С
ոմͳҰо˵صĲͬѰǿеŹ񺿵·뵽˵صڤƵġ
Ұ΢΢üͷƶеĻþԼľͱ쳣ǿѰĻþħͶû˿Ӱ졣
ҰԸоһ˿쳣ֹ񺿵·ʹĵ׵ֹ㶯Ƶӡ޷֮
ڷҰɻʱһϵڷҰ𣺡ֿɱħ١νͨҵɱԽ࣬ܵӰԽ󣡡
Ұתͷȥͼһ¸߹ڵ߾УƺںһƵġ
Ұûиеκ⣬ĵɵˣǳˣ


619 ս
ݹӣ¸߹ڣɷ磬嶼뵽֮У˫Ŀľ֣͸һɺ嫵ѹ
ҰԣߵıƵᣬȫûѷҰУĵԺη֪
Ұɷµĵͷ˵ԺηѾҪˡ
ߵֶηǳĸҰȻΪǳѾһ˿ʱĹΪһİʥҪߵö࣬ʱܻʥ
ڷҰ˵ʵȻǿ󣬵ҪԼв˵
͸һ⣬һָ߸ϵŷҰȻǲСڴ˴˽ǧ꣬ڴ˴˽Զġѡ˿ݼֱ̫ɱ٣˵ؿνѰ·ƬҲԸı䣡
ҰЦЦ϶β¶ɣҪҫ񽣵Ľ⣬ǵÿûˡ
һϵĺöɲֹҫ񽣵Ľ⡣óһҺ˵ϱȻҺҪͻƳʥһ˿ԵҺ˵úʣ
ⱲӶʥˣҰ¶һЦһΪһͷչ˲䵽ǰ
оⱩǣȻݼ֮УҾ񣡡
߻δ䣬һɱļŵϢܿݼŵǿл۶ǰΪһҰͷ̬ۿй˸ڿϼ䷢Ц֮ſڳŷҰҧȥ
ͷЦ֮ʱҰеԼĻһȣƺʱܻƵġ
ҰĬƵӡΧǹħӰѸʧƵӡǿľй๥Ŀǡ
ֹħҲͣ£عʱǸ޴ͷѾһҧ£ҰС
СӣзŵҲЩŵҵ֮УҲӱˣҾͶѻ꣬ϵ׻ŶܣĮı͸һӳǵ𺣬·Ѿ˷ҰնɱһĻ
Ұ·뵽һ֮УһƬһʻĻ档
ǧɾǹڰɫĴϣǰʵİ۾˱䴩ͷ­ɱⲻɽʥԳʺɫʥѪȾ񷣻񽣱޾ϣϽأݡ
ЩսƬеĲս꣬ٻ˳γƬר磬ɱݺἤ޿ײŷҰϮɱ
ҰԴӭչϻ죬»ģƬкֱײԵ˺һһĲս꣬ɱƬ綼ҡΣʼƬƬ
ٻϹսֶο죬ϧΪ΢˵ܳʥٻĲս־ҰҲԵֵ
䣡
һ촫ǸҰ׵ͷȻը飬ɢΪݼϢҰһѸޱȵĳߡ
ɴҵƷⲢһ似飡ϿԻˣֻд˵еˣߵ˫Ȼϳ˷Ұ
Щϼһǻǧϼһ۽ëǿյģʶһˣûһǺöԸġ
Ұ˸űɱ⣬ϼһںηȻҶԼ֣Լ;ԲܷŹ
ϳ˷Ұ֮ߵӿֳһĨϲɫЦСӣЩֶΣǿľڣȷǺټ˵һоͽѹ·磬Ϊҥȷд¡ҵһصĵֲ̣Ұ
߻δ䣬гһ˿ķһһ˿Ϊܵųȥ
һ˿ЩɢǿеĿݼϢٴλۣÿһ˿涼һɱ⣬һ֮ŷҰΧ£˹ȥ
ҰȻײ˿֮Уնʮ˿ߣȴеܵЩ˿ˮƵȻƵģ˿㽫Ұһ
Ұ˿ٵˣϧȴ޷ѵܼ˿ǳ˿̺Ĳɱ۳룬ÿһķ϶ŷҰ
һֻѾ̤뵽ʥ֮УиޱȣҰӦҲкܴѹ
˫ּת޾Ϣ¶һĨɵɫƵ֪Һ֪ܲʥƬؼĲִƶɣڴ˴ܹϹŲִǡþĿǣʥҲֻ˵ͳ̶ȣ޷ӳʥ
Ұ䣬ֶλסңѾ֪ˣôûһ
ҰʥЩɱ۵޾룬޷κεӰ졣
ӿֳһĨ֮ɫĵô֪ڳɵ󣿡
ҰĮĵǰŵž͸ˣ֪ҵȷλãֻгӵУɵУɵˣѹ飬ܲң˵֮ʱܴһӹǻ˳벻㻹ʲôطڵһ֮УҲ֮ɣ
¶һĨ͵ɫȻҾǵһصĸУ֪ˣΣ
ΣɱѡҰĮڶʬ˵ƵģӴ֮ȻΪһͷ̫Žڣӿ޾Ľɫ棬ΧЩ˿ջ٣ǿնЩŤμݺ
̫һаĿǣֳ˿ǶؼԹƶɣ̫𣬶ʱѣƬƬջ١
̫𣡡оջеķʣ¼Ƴ˿
Ұͣĳ˳ٴγУնѵء
ܺȻըһĵϣһɺ嫵֮ӿֶܻΪһƬսֲսսԻ򽻴˸Ұ̫Žڡ
Ұǧɵս磬͸еǹ֮ͬһܼٳˡ
еΪ޽ӽʥҰ֮ĥԼΪʱӲƴ
Сӣ̫κβң񽣽⶯óɣûˡб䣬ƬгƬĹǵصĳҰ
Σģֹ֮ȴһ֮תһ˿ʱ֮תʥרмơ
뿴͸㿴㿴˻ڣҰ䣬Ľڴһţһ貵Ľ⻮һ㺮ųջҪҫ۵Ĺâ


620 ּʥ
Ұõ񽣲Ƭֻһؽ⣬ҲȼĲҪǿĶࡣ
֣ЩĹЩվʥ͵ѵ֮
ڵʯ֮䣬貵ĽѾɢϢޱȣܵս綼˺ѳ룬˲䵽иǰ
˫¶֮ɫ鼱֮£ĵȻһٽܻ֯ɱΪ
ųһʱ֮񽣽ⶼܵӰ죬նȥٶȱ쳣ĻڷƵġ
Σʱ̣оȻӦʥ٣
п˱ܵһԣ񽣽ܵӿֳһĨϲɫ
ҪʥˣоϲĴ˳ϵǼ
ݼŵǿв֪ʱһŨĽƣ׹һڽ߲Ϣ͸һɺ嫵ѹ·𷴿֮ġ
ʥ֮٣
Ұ΢΢£Ц
һʥ֮Ҳͱ׾ڵ׽͸ѹ΢ôһ㣬ۼ¶ɽ٣ֱ͸Ƶģɱеʥ֮Ҫǿ̫ˡ
ҰҲк˽⣬֪Ǹÿڸ׶εǱģеʥ֮ôС˵ǱȾҪ̫ˡ
ﬣ
ҫ񽣵ĽǿлһȦһϢٴϮɱС
ּ̧ĳһӣȫǺɳɣǰҫ񽣵Ľһ
ӵĲǲܹĲȣ
䣡
һҫ񽣵Ľݺݵնɳӣ⼤ɽӡ
ɫһףŭСӣҽû㣬Ҷɽٳʥ֮һὫң
ҰһΪ̬Цƥ˵Զɲʥ㰲Ȼɽ٣㻹вҾ͸ܸʥĻˣ
˵ţҰȻִ飬ȸԡ˷磬غ뱼ףɽƬǿնѹƷ
ִ鼤֮ݺᣬƺ߿ǽƶеĸӦ࣬һֱٳٲ¡
ִ飿ִʵô죿о˫Ŀг˲ŵɫϵתš
ҰЦ㲻֪أµúɣ
Ұδ䣬Դħŭеͷ¡
дħϸܵһﴦٴγǵٳħ
ħǵҵײ£ײдѪֹȴѹȥǵ˰С
ҰЩħһûϣδʥļһﶼ޷һ㶨Ҳ̫ʧˡ
ﬣ
ҫ񽣵Ľȹ̵ǿննһѺۣ˲䵽еǰ
ħִ֣֮䣬ٴγһǣǰ棬ɢһʥ
һǾȻһʥ
䣡
ҫ񽣵Ľ⺷Ȼڰϣһ̶ĺһӽǿķɣһնеϡ
ŭһֳһƬƬϸܵİɫƬÿƬָֻ׸ǴСҧһתŸӵγһ
ϧ񽣱Ͼ񽣣Ѿȱɲһ˿Եֵģ赲˲䣬ǿƵض룬ǰһ͸Ŀ
еȪƬѪȾ˰գ˿ڴȴµĴˡ
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ʱ߿һԾصһˮ׵·кɱ
Ұٳִ飬йܹӦƬΧҲǿ˺
Ǿ޴Ľ׺еϣѾܵ˵׵⽹ۣԶԶŵһӵζ
𣡡пзҰ޵ŭһ뵣лΪһµޣ۷⣬ͷ¹¹ѣвɭɭݣ˸亮⡣
¹壡ҰѿڶЩɫ
Ϊ粻ս꣬ɣɭɭ޿зһͳֳܸһǿõӰѵǧͷĽĹʹȱĽǣȵȡ
з·ԽЩս뼺һ㣬˲ǿ࣬޴צӣһһĽס
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һһ׽£еı¹ܿͼֲסˣѿһһѪڣƬƬϢҲٱ΢
䣡
һ£¹ͷϵһ¹ǵѣͷҲѿһ޴ѪڣͷӶ¶˳ϢɢҲ
¹һ˫֮г˳޵Ѫɫ޺޵ĶŷҰĵҺްұԶɽٳʥģ຦ˣҪǾһɣ
¹׺бУٳŷҰƬƬ֮ƬǿնȫסҰĻᡣ
Ұɫ΢䣬ϼһҪԼ뵽ʥ֮֮УǱʥ֮ٸӦʥٻԥĽҲɽ֮ˣ׵ƻҪ
ж˲䣬ҰͻҪ뿪ƬǷ֮أϧڳ֮ʱȷգҪƿҲҪʱ䡣
Ұ˼Ľҫ񽣵Ľ˳ȥһնƬǿգȻоԼһԿˡ
ҰëէȻ̧ͷͼһŻϢĽ׳Լŭ


621 ͻ
ЦɿˣҰԺһͷ֪ѾٸӦҲѲ٣Բˡ
ʥʥٻĨɱңɽǣҰȻһЦ͸һ޵еȭͷų貹âǵ׺ȥ
䣡
ҰǿͰԵһȭеǵ׵ֱӺɢĸ̺ܵһʱ֮˳żë뵽Լڡ
Ұ΢΢һ㶣ϱ¶һĨϲɫ׽Ŀ飬׽֮Ҳ̺عʱ˵ӵ
һʱ䣬ҰٿƬƬƵʱ򣬶оڿһƵģ˸ſȵĹâ
ͷ¹ĿɿڴŷҰŵľʥĺô𣿼ûʥ׽ҲӰ죬ʥٶ޷˺
䣡
ٿҰɽ٣ٴαƬû˽ȥֻܼһ׽гѾѺۡ
ƺǸӦ˷Ұƣ߿յĽƿתһ޴Ľ״һƵģֱ·ķҰ
Ұȭ죬Ȼĺȥ
䣡
һ޴ĺǵ׵罫Ұװ˸׹ߣԵĻҰǿʥ˺ѿϰٵѪڣڷŰ
ֵȼʹڷҰ˵ϰˣǹǿŰǿ޸޸ܴ塣
ηҰܵĸˣһɹ֮ݺᣬ޸˿˿ʱ֮ڸʱ֮Թĺô
ʥ֮ǾЩɣҰŸ߿յĽƴƣ޸ܴ
ԱòѪɽٵĶѾûնȹʥ֮ˣͲʥ֮ڵļһȴ٣Ȼٵһ¶ֱ̫Խˡ
ʥ֮ٵѹȥԶƬݼ֮ĸʿȫӦѹһе飬Ŷɽ֮ظ˹
ԽڣͻƵѶԽ󣬹ۿֶɽ٣˵ҲԹĺô˵ֱܹͻƵһ֮С
ʥ˶ɽٵĻᣬǿɲͬʱҲڰƣһλǿڶʥ֮٣
ȵǸϵֳʱ򣬶ʱһЩӦӣ׽оȻӰ
ʱǱ㿴˳еһͷײе¹׽ֳӰϲ˰߰ѪϢɢҲʱܻ֮еӡ
ٸӦ˷Ұ֮ͷҰܵ׽һģȴѾҲԼȥˡ
¹ʥޣǸˣϳ˴׽¶¹
һӰ˭ôͬʱɽ٣ɻ˳ضһӰҪЩʲô
Ұǵڣ׵Űڷӿ޸ܴ壬оڲʱ֮ˡ
˭Ǹ壬Ҳ̫˰ɣôܶʥ˽٣Զ˲⡣
ķʦ˵ֻǸڵʿô͸һɽ٣ѵǱػⱻ׽ٸӦ𣿡ϳ˷Ұȴ벻ͨҰΪλһɽ١
Ұб¹һۣЦģʥ֮Ҳ̫˰ɣ֮͸Ƶġ
¹ſһѪ۴еС㺦ңھѾʥˣô䵽˵ز㲻õ⣬Ҳµģ
ҰĴЦŻӦƥ򣬸׷ɱңҪľ׽ҴʱĹ򣬵Ҫлˣ
ŭХʵ벻ͨҰôģʥ׽ٿ鶼Შ˵Ұ͸˲Ŷԣʵ벻ͨҰôġ
֮ĶԻΧ۵˲ŻȻԭǵзѣ׷ɱҰ˼ս֮ʱиӦʥ֮٣ȴҰһ˽ȥ
뵽˵ɫЩŹеĽףȴǱޱȣûҰӦĴݣѵ˵ʥ֮ٶκβ˷Ұ
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׳ƬƬĽ䣬ǧǿնΪһƬ׵󣬻Ϣݺᣬ㷽ҰʥʱҲѾǧٿף
ڷҰüͨУǸ貵ıҫޱȣ˼ϸ΢Ѻۣȴ
һеһʥҲѱ飬Ǿ޴ϸ˺۱鲼һ룬ǵ޹⣬ޱȡ
Һްͷ¹һʵŭ׽кȻը飬һ˿궼δѣ׻ҷ
֪Ұ֮ǿǾԲǷҰġϧ֪Ѿ̫ˡ
Զս˶𾪣öɽٵѾ˽֮Уʥٲȴڼ֣һĻ׵߸ǵۡ
Ұڹ׽֮Ҳһؽֻ̿ȴ̺Ӵһž촫ǲ㽹ȥ¶Ͼļ
޾׽ٵҰڿռҲﵽһľ֮УоѾ˾Բľ硣
¡¡
ٽ·ֹƵģÿһ׶һӵͰԵһδ˺ѿҰ֫ٺŰ
ĴˣҰǲôںӵпʥָҲ൱Ŀ졣
ֻǣȴЩ鷳ѺۡƵӡڱѱˡ
ҰĬƵӡһһű飬ѿĺۼֲϡ
׽ԽԽңҰڵľƹХתֳܸĺۼúǲòִ鶼˳
׽ԽԽǿ֮׽ٵȷǿ£ֱҪһ㡣
ҰſԼ磬׽֮ȥ׽֮ŰţҲڿٵıָϡ
ÿθ֮֮еĹ֮ͱƣһʱ
ˣ
ʥ֮ٵĺ£Ұڵյɱ䣬жܣֹ֮໥ݻγһƬ硣
Ұ˲оڵΪиǶһ˿ģĸӦ
Ը⣬ʱԴƻݣڵͿͨһ𣬱ΪһС磡
ͬһɽǸСƵģȴǸСҪ̫ˡ
Բ
Ұ¶һĨϲɫôҲû뵽α뵽ʥ֮֮УȻܹͻƵԲľ硣
䣡
Ұ׽̤һȭ׽٣ǿٴλָƽ
ҰȻ֮Уڷ٣ǣΰѪúԶ˸ܵһɺ嫵ѹ
еʥ٣Ұǣ˽ȥ׽֮УҰȴˡԶΧ۵˶оһĸо˷Ұ졣
ʥٶɱ˵Ұʥ棿


622 ʥΧɱ
˸е˼ǣҰʥлΪһ¥
ʥͻƣ̫˼ˡ
Ҫ֪ʥٵܰԾޱȣɽٵܹȹĶ١ҰɽٵƣǲŸոմﵽԲ磬пܻǶɽ֮ŴﵽģҲ˵Ұھڶʥ٣
Ұɾ;ԲҲڴ˴Ӱ£ʧԶ
ڷҰʧ֮󲻾ãϢǿӰֳΪﵽ˰ʥľ硣
һˣɵĸ
ǸŵˣȴѾ˫ް߰ף͸һӵĲɣ޷֪䡣
ивĳǴƬеʿеõϢǷҰڴ˴һɽٵģʥ£ҰǽʥͻˣȷЩ¡
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ǰһǷҰȷЩаţʥٶ壬Ƕɽ֮ǰضѾսһд뱲ӶڿݼɱշˣǶԸļƻǷҪı£
ɵڷҰнԱ֮Ұõ౦ɵ㶯˼ξɵ񣬾ҪնɱҰٶȡϵЩ
Ƭ̣˸һĨɱĵʥٶ壬˵Ϳʥˣеʥ٣ʱʧˣҰδʥ٣սֻܱһİʥǿһЩϲʥߡ
˵΢ͣ£кݣּɳȥǾͲǿƿصˣɽϱȻһʱڣʥʰΣĻˡ
һʥڵкôҲǵһصĸǲֵĻͻ̲סҪˡȵ֣ûɵʲôˡ
ҫ񽣵Ľ⣬Һϵ칦ܵõɵʵؽᷭϼǽʥ֣֮һ߳ޣΪҰ̡
СӾǸİǶֳˣ䵽ˡ²˳٣Ҫҵһ̬ӵİʥڣǵг޾ɱ⡣
¶һ˿Ц⣬ĵݼ򣬾˽ûҪҳСӵڣҲʲô¡߰ɣȥ׷ɱҰ
һ˿ʧԭأſݼ˴£㳯ŷҰʧķ˹ȥ
ҰɽٽԲľ磬ҲҪҵطչǱһ£ԼΪȹ˳ٸԼĵ
Ұ뿪ǴսѰ˸ݼŵֹͣһݼŵɽн뵽ε֮С
ƹںХתؾתΪҰķڷҰӿתţոֳһƬƬɵ
ɽ޾ľŨܣȼգˮתɨŭױ鲼񷣬ȫһƬ磬͸һɺ޾ѹ뷽ҰıƵġ
߰󣬷ҰڿݼȹΪȻиӦ˫ۣ˫ĿһĿ⣬ܵһϤϢɵķϢ
ɵô׷𣿡ҰһĨЦ⣬˲ʧԭء
ǵƶСӦþϡ˵˳ӥĿڿݼɨѰŷҰӰ
ĴһĵĴɢֿѰСӣ˴ɳ
İɸСͻƵ˾Բ磬Ҫ͵ϮҵȣҲô׵顣˶ӦһԳŲͬķѰ˹ȥ
ʥǺ嫵ľɨκһ˿ǵѰſݼŵչ˵̺ʽ
ʥ濴ңȻɵôɱңҾͰɵĸ߶һٶˣҰһϣ˸űɱ
ˢ
һ貵Ľ˲񷣬ҫ񽣵ĽһǰδеķϢ˲һʥǰϢȴɱȻ
ߵ˫Ŀ¶һĨɫææһӳһӿʥǰ
䣡
Ǳӳֱӱ貵Ľ˳ȥϵĹ⻪ٰ˼ϸ΢ѺۣǷĽֱնϣһ͸Ѫ޷ϡ
߷һƵĲҽС֧Ԯ
ڷҰֵ˲䣬ҫ񽣵Ľ֮âͱ˸Ӧˣȫɫ䣬ڵķ˹
ҰһδɱҲЩźʥǿߣȷǲöԸ
ھŷҰȻо⣬ܵļһƣ˼Ա˲ơ
䣡
һ޴ĵӡƵƬ̫̫Ϣ֯лϢصߵĺġ
ſѪѪлƬĻͷȥͼһҰվ
߾˳ϳ˲ŵɫ
Ұ̫̫һݻӡһ˿Ϣɱˣóʱ䲻ϰʥ
ˣҰޱȣҫ񽣵Ľٳͷ·һߵͷ­˳ȥ
һʥʹ䡣
ڷҰնɱߵʱ򣬾ͿٽǵɵʥڣҰҲҴ⣬κֶζпܻӰյս֡
鳤ϣļɵʥŭĴٸϵ˸
Ұ뽫嶼Żģϧɵ̫ˣͲʱ䣬ʥȫҪҲˡ
еǳķŭͬʱҲԷҰΪеǳ𾪣Ǹ鳤ϲô˵ҲǸİʥȻһ֮ͱ˸ɵˣ˵ҰĿ֮
ң鳤ϱɱԭ׼Ҳ޷ٲóˣɱҰѶ˲١
ŵϲ˱ɱҧгݵĵҰΪԵ޹ɱɵϣĪɵ˲ɣ
Ұ¶һ˿֮ɫĵҪϵıӻҪƷɵˣȷǹ޳ܵġ
гɱȻŭɱɵϣ͸ɣɱ󣡡
ĵӰԴһصķӡ˴֮γĳصϵһɾڳӿŷҰΧ˹ȥ
ңǻʸ񣡡ҰһиֳһһӵӡǣӿˮɽħӡУһ׺ֱӳһ󺺡


623 նʥ
ҰĹǸ󺺵һĨɫŭСӣҪͻƿڣΣ
󺺻δ䣬˫ӡȻ䣬嫵ͻΪһ貵ĹŷҰħӡɱ˹ȥ
䣡
һ嫵촫󺺷ǵâ뷽Ұħӡײһ𣬵ħӡ˺ѿһ޴ѷ졣
ħӡȼգˮʣɽçѣһǿҵ֮Ȼ˳·Խɽȥһ㣬ǵǿħӡơ
ǵǼ֮Ĺɱˣ˵ΪΪܣ޾ޱߡ
ڳпٵľѹĽըһռ䲨ƿԶЩطѳ˵ռѷ졣
ǿʥ͵սռ쳣ȹ̣ܹǿжѷԿɼҰ֮Ĺ֮ҡ
ħӡȻӵǿڶʱܹɵҲޣǵâ֮Ҳֱ
¶һĨЦ⣬շģӣҸɵ󶷣
ҰǸֳһĨЦ⡣
ǸֱЩδҰˣʲôֶΣ͸оһɱ⴫ּܵǿնĪࡣ
󺺵гƬ̵ʶٴο˷ҰһۣȷҰȻɱС
Сģͷȫӡٱ仯ؼĴƶڻ˹ȥȳ󺺡
ĵ׵Ŀ־ܵļһͭƣԼ
䣡
һ޴ĺҫ۵ĽɫâſݼˣƬѿľǹǿʵ÷飬ҫ񽣵ĽⶼֱӴ뵽󺺵ĵС
ҫ񽣽е˲䱬˿ԵĽݺἤǸӽһ⣬Ĳˡ
һҰվλá
һɱʱƣʣ֮ϵһ߽⣬ٻһ𣬲ŵĿųһģһķҰ
֮ķôôǿϲصɫ̲סŷҰ˳
Ұ˸űɫߵӽˮңҾͻ𣿡
һĨŭɫʲôһ壡һ񼼣Ҳֻ񼼲ܻ뱾һģһķ
뵽ӿֳһĨȵɫֻҪɱ˷Ұ񼼾Լˣ
ȫ֣ɱŭһֳƬƬɫۣһɱǵϢ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ͳױһεıÿһƬƬɣ˪͸һɱϢͷϸǣΪһɺ嫵
˪Ұϳ͸Ϣһ˿ȵɫ
Ҳ˱壬һͷ̫ɣ磬嫵̺޾Ѫϣֱ
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ĸǷĸǱ尡ƵѪͷٽ֣ϧٶȸٶȣϱצ˺ۡ
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ˣҰһնɱһȳŻΪǸҰɱ˹ȥ֮硣
Ұųһâȭͷų貵âһרӿҵǿ
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۾¶һĨŵɫƺԸΪķ֧Ȼһ඼򲻹š
ҰҪʤ׷ɱȻһʰ쵵Ĺ͸ľˮ໥ݻ·һ綼ˣҪҰڡ
ҲһʥҰЩɵ壬ҲԸСֻһ㿪ͷѪ½ۻ͵Ϯ
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ҰϾǵΪЩ࣬ͬʱնɱˣҪ˸ƣȾѪ½ۻ
Ұе쵶ײһ£β˷ǰ
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ʲô۾˳벻ôãȴôʥƲ÷ҰҪʮһ֮Уȫ޷⡣
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ҰŹľӣĵλǰزʶɣλʢ飬ʵܳ
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Ұŷֳһ˿ȥ̽·ϵľΣҪ֪Щ׹ǵʵĻõģ֪ոս·ţ뺣һʧӰ٣·һʱƵġ
˵·ΣյڣԲǿѨ磬Ͳ֪·ϵʲôΣա
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Ұ·ҲЩ˽⣬ҲٵȺˣߵŴһ뵽·֮С


629 ̤ǰ
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Ұһ̤͸оԼ·뵽һ֮Уɭ£ŵڤа˸ûκ
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Ұ̤·ͣڹؿڵЩ֮Умϳ˷ҰһĿ¶Ծɫ
ⲻǷʦҲ̤ˣӾȵĿڡ
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ҰĿƵǸϵӡԺС
ȻʥǣƶȥܣĵЧҲ̫ࡣ
ֹʥҪӲԺǿԳøǿ


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ʦĲ֮أסˣûӦĵҲûʲôáǬĵš
ҰվЦҲ㿴ͬԴ˴˶֮ͨǿԼĵ໥ӡ֤һ
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ҰЦǺǵĿҲûֹǬûƶϸĥƣҲܹ
˲ڰ׹·ǰУŰ׹بŲִ·Զ֮Уħսɳ
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Ұ̧־ͽǼ֧Լ飬ͷǬͼǬȫųӲӵ񻪣еͭսì½֧ɫķ˳ȥɢС
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ýеȻȴҹ·ǰ棬ҪԸҰ൱·˺ˣʮа˾Ҳʧ·ϡ


631 ڶ
ֱȥļһͲøҲգҾΪʿһ·ȥµɣҰһŰ׹ʥ˲䵽˽ɫǰа׹ʥһ޵е¡
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ǣǬ˳Ŀ𾪡
ȷɣõǡҰ˵ͷ¶һ˿Цϧû˿һ˿ϢûУҲ澿ʲôܡ
Ǭ̾˿Ƭе޾ĸɾˣл̺ĿԲ󣬲ȻӦͱƽˡ
Ұҡҡͷû˵ȻʱƬ̺ʲôܣܸоƬصܾһ㡣
޾ִڵĹĹƬ붼֪Ѱ
ΪǸƽڴ˴ϮɱڶʿԵʣ·;УҰ·ҲûʿֻѹȴԽԽ
ǬÿһҪżѹҰȻоޱȣǬܹ֣ҲûаǬֵΧѹ
ʦ㿴һűǬǰ˷ܵ˵˳
Ұ̧ͷȥͼǰ׿һʯʯ߲µϢżϵ֣ڶأ
ʯ··룬һʹڹɽ֮У˸ɹܸӵ֯صϣǶ龧ֱӽؼΰͿɴͣʱࡣ
ʹԼʮɷԲռ˽Ĺ·С·󷽣ĺǰ׹·ãã޾
ҰаԳʹӦþͨڶصĴʹǲȥڶأҲֱӴǰУңԶ·
Ǭܹ·ѾﵽˣҰҲҪڶأȻٽ֮أʱҲ·ϴ
һ̤봫ʹ֮Уһ⻪˴Ӱ׹·ʧ
һӣҰ˾ͳһΰǿչųĿյϡ
һǿеĹųǣһصĹģ࣬ǽӲɣ¥ƻֺ֪꣬˶£һ㡣
ϲλڶأԱиŮģʿǾ⡣
ܹͨһ·ʿȫǸ˽ܣڶרŵĽӴԱ
ǸŮĴ£Ұ˽뵽˵ڶء
ҰΪڶ̫߽࣬ڶ֮󣬷ҰŷԼ´ˡ
ڶеʿҲ٣ֵĿʿڴйţȻȲϵһص˶࣬Ҳٲȥ
ǬҲЩɻֱǸŮѯʵڶ֮ΪҲôʿ
ǸŮЦЦ֪֪ж콾˽̤·ʿ˵ڶУһһڶеʿҲв١
ҰȻ˵ڵһ֮УԭҪгþסҲҪɴ龧ڶѵҪ龧𣿡
ǸŮЦضһҪסͱҪɲƵ龧󲿷콾˽ܵĺᶼڸǿУЩ˸ɴס֮أܹгþסģΧǿеһЩǮˡҲǳṩסأҲûʸǡ
Ұ˵ͷѯʵɵĴϾȥ˺η˵𣿡
Ů͵ɵ龧ûκιϵ˵άˣҲ
ҲҪ𣿡Ǭȵѯ˳
ŮҡͷҲ֪ޡ
Ұ¶һĨ˼ɫûټ׷ʡ
ǸŮҰӭ֮Ժ󣬱˻˳ſڣȺȥˡ
֮дԭǰ·ʿռһС֡
죬˿ջס£ڴде
ǸӵеƵļһڤžնɱĸڵǿߣֻһʥϧȴֻǸٵĶһ˳иĿҡͷ̾Ϣвֻ֮⡣
˵ڤڤĴʥ˵ѾõǸʥĴУɷˡ
˵ڹϷһλȴŭһӣ¾ĸɸɾҲиͷǵʿ˵һϢ
ӣ
Ұ̲ס뵽īӰ벻ǼһҲ뵽·֮С
īӰ͸ħʮ֮еİӰɱѽѷ֣ǵīƣֶҲȷ㹻׺ݡ
ҰҲþûмЩˣֱʵλˣ֪˵Ǹʲôʱֵģ
Ǹͷǵʿ˷ҰһۣӦм˰ɣӿɲǣȰ㻹ǲҪˡ
Ұͷûж˵ʲôȻǼǰ飬Ӧʹ뵽֮ȥˡ
ǸͷǵʿŷҰλӦɣ˲ãȷǳ˼ˡ
Ŷļ˵һʶءҰЦŻӦ
ǸʿЦڶعȼҵһүﵱŮӵϷŭȼҾϵʿɱһ˹ȼڵڶصľݵ㡣񾡳ȴӵ·֮УҲ֪ȥǻȥˡ
ҰȻʧЦȷǿĽ죬Ǳ˵ŮӵϷҲѹôǹȼ˵Ҳԩ
ʿҹңڰҹǿն߰˸ʹɱ칷һλˣտѩԷѩնǻʥӣһЩֶǼǰˣҲ˲ٴ˵
Ұ΢΢ͷЩҲǸ콾ħ·ϣҲƽӹ
Ұʿ̸һִ˲ٹڵڶصϢڵڶҲ˸µ˽⡣
ҰרŴЩԸӦٵĵطʿһЩơ
Ӵ˿е֪ڶܹӦٵĵط࣬˵ռˣⶼûԸ⣬÷ҰеЩΣֻܵȵڶȥϸѯˡ
ҰҲҪ֮޷Ļֱ֮ؿ¯ֳɵʣ֮أҲвš


632 ؾ
ڶһ磬Ұ뿪ջڵڶй
һ߰˼ҿԸӦ׽ٵĵ棬ϧûκεط⣬˵ƷʦȴҰܾˡ
ҰȻҪ׬ȡϾչƷϣɲĳ¥ַԡ
գҰڵڶ֮Ҳûҵʵĸ¥⣬ֻηڵڶ뷨
ҰӦǬҪ׼ȥ֮ҰǬ뿴ǬǴԼһͬǰǻĴ㡣
Ҫȥ֮Ǭ¶һĨŹֵɫŷҰһŵӡ
ôʲô𣿡ҰɻǬ
Ǭ̲סѵ˵ʦûǿ֮ؿɲ֮ͬУؽֹɱ¾֮ؿʲôֹκ鶼ܻᷢûٿǿǡ
ҰŨü΢Ȼԭǵ˻Ұö룬Ҹ֮ؿ¯Ŵһİա˸ңָԿĻ˭ء
Ǭ뵽ڵһеĴԣ˵ҰɵʥжУ˵ʥټҰһ㡣
˵֮أܹвҰģȷǲ
Ǭ룬һͬǰɣƵҩ⣬һܰ֡
ҰͷҲҪǬ֣ҪǬƵҩǬŲС÷Ұƺ˸͹Ұûй
ȻҪ֮ؿ¯ҰȻҪҸʿڶĵطһ̽һȽʺϵĵط
һϹеŸֹϵĹޣеռеǿˣǿޱȡ
Żʥ߾ϹУû˼
Ұ֮ѡƬҪΪ˵Ƭһһؾа¾ؿˣдĵرӵԴʿӵлҪࡣ
Ǵؾڵڶ֮вʲôܵ飬ڶв˶˵Źؾ飬Ұ׾ʹйؾϢ
ؾڹеһϵؾλǿ֮У֪˶ˣؾӵǿĽƣÿ궼һʱڣʱſԴС
ֽ쳣ǿ󣬰ʥµʿԽУһº󣬽ƻٴλָ
ҪһϾڳһöͷһºֻҪͷˣͻᱻֱӴͳ
ؾ֮УڶʿҲȻԵõٵĵرʱֱؾ濪¯Ǹѡ
ңҰؾҲǳȤһϾͿԵõһЩһʸ񣬵ȷǿԽȥһ
ҰǬڳһ˴ͷͨʹһƬϵ֮УǿƯŴССʯһЩ̫뵶ţ˵ʲô⡣
ʹֱӾͨؾڴѾۼ˳ǧˣǿоصȺؾĿ
еĹͷеıеֱ絶ʿ࿴ûʲôЩǿʿӵڶи˹УȺؾĿ
ҰֱӴǿǣһ޴ʯɽֶͨι̶УǬһ𣬾ʯϾȺ
˶Ⱥ򣬼ҰĶ˶ѧϰҰǿǣʯš
ǣҲֻܽסͨʯҲмҪסɽʯлиʥ֣ϧ޷Ҳֻռͨʯˡ
һɰͰ͵Сͷɵ˷ҰڵʯϣĳŷҰ˻˻֣ǸϲӬƵģ˵ʯǿЪЪţҲΪǣɡ
ףаϣΧеưʥˣȫƾԼϲãСطסɽʯϧȴ޸ˡԶ˽ǸСͷǳļɵ
ΪĽĵаΪаȻɽʯҲСӵĸ˵ܹаôĻؾҲɱˡ
˵ĺܣɲһʶаϣ̤·ϹļһĸĺܣҿаҲһܹöǡҡͷĿȴΨ²ҵ
ʿҡͷ̾ϢʿȷǶЩ汾£Ҫʥȣ»ԶаϻǸƵİʥɲֹɱ¾СҪǸҷƾԶˡ
Щ˲ûпѹҰǵĽ̸ţɨΪǵͷһۣĮĵ
ɱͷаϵɫһǵĿ˸űɱĵСӣ
ҰĮĻӦǱ˸ģԼģҪ
аɫ࣬ҧгݵĵаұûҪǵȻҾͳȫǣ
δ䣬аϵӰʧԭأ˲䵽˷Ұǰ˸űɱС͸һһȭӳرɫ
ԶۿڶʿеĶ̾ϢеĲٿе˷ܵĵɴ˫ۣǿҰǱˣ޿ܶаһȭ
аϻȭҰ͸һɱȭ𣬼һѤõâʲõĺаϵȭͷϡ
䣡
һ춯صĺѿϸ΢Ŀռѷ죬񱩵˷õýһЩʿ̲סˡ
ҰʥֶΪȫ֣аȻǸʥֵܹסҰͰԵһȭ
Ұһȭͽаϵȭͷķ飬Ծȭֱжϣа첲ƬƬѣѪǿա
˻
Զս˶̲סһȻ巽ҰΪҲܸоҰΪȲаϣ˭Ҳû뵽һײȴһ
аʹɫŤһɫ⻪ֱٴ˳ֻɫò԰ࡣ
аԹŷҰлһĨļɵгһӣźʥŷҰĵСӣұضҪն㣡
д⣡ҰһֳһͷӰܹιһ磬Ѿаϵߣϲ֮Ӧֶ

ҰһĴڰϣƴ쳹ǿգһε˷ӿʥƵԶ˶һͷۻ
аóһҰֻǸõ׸߼ԷҰ޷κвҰֱˡ
Ұ˫вͣһһƵڰϣʮƹǰӰһû뵽аϵڡ
һɫ󺧣ȼھѪƴӶݳȥ
Ҳϲ󻼣ɣҰ䣬ֺаϵϣһӽаĵԽŽѪȾǿա


633 ֮
Ұ˳˰ӣ˫ɨΧʿܸɴĵ˭ҵĵֵ̣ĸϽ֣Һһˡ
Զ˶տڲԣ֮ھһʥҰʵԶ޻˵û˸ʱȥҰùͷ
ʱһζ̽⣬ʵϵУҪӮñ˵أֻܿ˫ȭ
ǿһƬţҰҲûмͱˣղɱӺЧѾˣҲûҪﷸŭ
ҰеɽʯϣΧ˹֣¶һ˿Цݣλ˾һߣҾһɣղҲǲѶǸƷʦȵλؾгҾڴ˴¯һŵҩҪѵʱҡ
Ұ䣬Զڶʿը˹һ϶¶ŵɫв˶˷Ī
ʲôƷʦڶҲûһ
ôƷʦļٵİ
ҵŴһ˵ǾͿ϶е£һŵҩּ۸κһжҲϣ˵㻰
ƷʦһŵĻõڶȥҲܹ׬һˣ
˵ĶģǷҰʦڵһѾ¯һˣһŵҩһ÷ʦƷɵ
ˣ˵һطôһ飬벻ȻģǿϹˣЩܵĲҲ࣬ؾеҪúõԵˣȡŪĵر

Զʱһɹ˷ܵĽ̸ڷҰᵽһŵҩļ۸ǳ⣬޲ھ÷Ұ¯
иӽѯ˳λѣ˵һŵҩҶ֪ĳɵʲߣʧΣ
ҲɵŷҰƷԽߵĵҩƳĳɵԽͣҲҪҰν͡
ʦͨϣĸϣ帱ϲܹЩʦΪʧ˾ʧˣû⳥һ˵
Ұϻȡһŵҩļ۸Ҳв˻ɷҰǲǽ˻ԼˮƽϾʶҰʿࡣ
ҰϸֳһĨŵɣȻֻҪṩϣҾһܹṩһŵҩôֵ꣬ҩҵǶһЩƶʧˣȻͬĵҩ㡣
áĵ˵ͷԶҲġ
ҰѹѹѸٱüžҰּҵʱҲޣȵؾг֮ƷµĵҩͲҪˣҲûʱһơ
ȻԶ˶Ȼĵ˵ͷΪҰҪǳָ߼ʦûȥһƷƷͨҩ
ˣǷĳڴ˴Ԥףλܹؾжҵ裡Ұٴ˹˹֣ϥȥûټ˷ϻ
ʱƣƬеʿԽԽ࣬Ҳ˵˷ҰؾҪ¯飬һ˷ܵĦȭƣ׼ؾдһ
ȵؾ֮գҰȵķ֣Χʿ²нˣҶǾǿߣ÷ҰҲеǳľȡ
Ұû뵽ôľ˷ôľҲ̫˵뵽Щ˶Ǵǿ֮иϹģҰȻˡ
ǿպ޾鶼޷̽ǿյȫòܹôľҲʲôˡ
һεؾҪ򿪣ҴԤףλܹض飡һŵ˹΢Цϡ
ԭοҪ鷳ˡԶڶʿв˶Ŵ˴кȻµӡ󶼲
ǬŷҰСĽ͵еǰǵڶеĸǺܵġ
Ұ˵ͷа룬ﱻ׷ɱ׷ɱˣҲдһݡ
ҵʱ䶼ǳ󣬷ϻҲ˵ˣĴͳ죬һƣһĸϢǿʿվ˳
˸ִ翵ǿУʱǿеһɫ
ţĴͳҲдһӡǣַӡǽ֯һһӡУһݻ
Դƽƣе˼ҰЦȻʶʲôٿԿ˼ʲô
Ĵͳ־ԽԽӣһӡͬһӡУһԶŲɣϢԽԽŨ
ˣ
һƴиֳһ޴ǿ֮ţȫǹɣнǧɸߣǿУͨŲ֪Ŀռ䡣
֮ţԶ˾˳
֮£˶оԼôСвɵһɾη֮ġ
ҰŻ̲ס콾Ż콾ŻҲУΨֶͨβܹ֮Ի
֮ž͸콾Ż࣬һδ֪磬Ҳνؾˡ
˴ؾһ£ؾϹڣЩʥͣλѽ֮ûС¡ˣɣٴһ䣬ֱÿ֮š
尡һһʿ뵽Ǵ֮ţΨֱǰ棬һؾǰʼռơ
ûãƬеʿȫ뵽֮棬Ƭǿն
ҲȥɡҰǬ˵˾䣬Ҳ뵽֮档


634 Ÿ
ɽХľãһԭʼϢ
ҰǬӰϣҰĴһȦ̧ͷ죬ӲԾ¡
ڲϣûգû»ȴųɰǧŵǳһ޴ޱȣҹնˡ
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ΪЩǹԵʣ·ɽľ涼˸ŵǻʶλá
ؾ𣿺ĸоǬĿ˸һӵ˷ܣǹǳУǬоڵΪڿš
ҰǬѯʵҲǿһ֣еķǳԶˣؾж˽⣿
Ǭüͷ˼Ƭ̣ؾ޾£ÿһ¿һΣȻҲмأҲɲꡣ
˵Ǭͣ£˼·ֵؾļأ⴦ؾϵЩǹΪԴ¿ɷΪŸС硣
ŸС磿Ұӹһ˿ɫ
Ǭ͵ô˵أؾ͸ǶǿеľŲ㱦ƵģÿС൱ڱһ㣬ŸޣԽԽΣաȻԽ棬ĶҲԽࡣ
ǬҰϸϸ˵ǰС磬ڵʿһ㶼Ա֮ĸСԾڵʿ˵ҲкܴΣգСԾڵʿǸСսСԲʿкܴܻ䡣ںС磬ͺ˽ȥ˭Ҳ֪浽ʲôΣա
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ԲʿڵС綼кܴΣգСȷǺ˿Խȥ
Ұһ⣬ȻںСеıҲ࣬޾¶ûбȡߣǿԽȥúõѹһ
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ֻҪ̫ʿ˵õɵͻ൱Ѿ¸ˡ
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ǬϽ˵֪ŵҩ൱أǻ治ͻҰ
ҰԺеĵͼĿһ򣬵һСеĺöӦò࣬ؾһ£ɲ˷ѣȥ漸Сп
Ǭϸֳһ˿ΣʦҵΪĸСҲˣļأڵСһطжһкܴô׼ȥҿ
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սͷֲϣؾ÷Ұ˼Ȥ
ҰٶǬЦ֣Ҿˣȵؾгȥ֮һȫƳɵҩʱ㼸š
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ոյõ˻ɵɲҪҰĶǵ÷Ұ졣
зݣҲԿģȥ֮˵ɡҰЦЦٷǬϻûʲôãǼȻһؾȵƳɵ֮󣬷Ұָš
ڷҰ˵ֻҪвϣҪɵƳ
ؾرֹ꣬ޱȣʿҲ޷еطϣطɱԭʼòĵر
ټδĻۣĵر͸ˡ
ҰڸҩĵǳϤǬһһŵڶСķλŲһ߲ɼ·ĸҩġ
һ·ǬڷҰӾˣտòҰܹƲ˴ʲôҩģЩصļõҩҲӲҰķۡ
ȵڶСڵʱ򣬷ҰѼҩѾˣ󲿷ֶƷҩҪҩģҲвϡеƷҩĲϣȫ뵽ƿռ֮С
Ǭ͸򹤵ƵģŷҰܣеҩĶҰ£ֻǷֵ·ϵļʥϡ
ǬҲ⣬Щø֮ҲҪ뷽ҰҰ˵˳ȥɵָ֮һЩ͸ûʲôˡ
һʦĸĸ֮Ұƽ׽ǬҲ˺øУ˲֪о̸ϣǬܿͷַҰϵļһЩʥҪǿ
Ұļ仰ܹǬŸĸ벻⣬ǬڷҰ岻ѡ
ǵٶȲ·ϲɼϵһЩʱ䣬֮Ҳ˵ڶСڴ


635 ջķ
ڶСھһƬԭϣǸʯݣһͷ
ҰҪֳ̽£ȴִ˵ξ֮ûκεķӦ۾Զ
ѾۼʿǵװϢԿܹĶЩбʿɢ޺٣ܵЩҲ¡
ǬҰǸ򣬲˵ͼһЩؼطҲЩע⣬ʯݣ⼸С̽һЩص㡣
ʯݣҰԺб㸡ֳйʯݵĽܡ
ؾÿͨһС綼һʯݣÿС֮ʯ̨׶ʮ
ЩʯҲһʯݣҪʯݣҪסһֺ嫵ѹÿһݶǰǸݵ
ǰ漸С绹˵˺棬һΪöǿĻͻϱǹѹѹķ顣
벻ʦµĸ֣
ףʦˣ÷ʦߣ
ʦȥ֮ҪΪҿ¯ģǿɲʦĵ·Ҷã
ʦһ߰ɡһСûΣգڶСо޺ˡҪΣգҲԱ˴иӦ
Ұոյв˳ŷҰкҰؾ˵ЩǶϡ
ƷʦǸ˵ҲÿͿģЩʿȻҵˡ
ҰΧʿлЦ˵룬뼶Ǭһ̤ʯ̨ס
̤ʯ̨ףҰʯ̨׹Ȼͬǰ㣬ÿһ̨ףѹͻࡣ
һСе̨ѹҲ󣬷ҰǬͿɶȹһҲûС
˵ڶСУҰȵһСлҪŨ
ڵڶСУͬҫ죬͵ǻأΪľɽʯһĨصɫʡ
Լ֮УڵڶСлеͳ޺֮ңңСѾǱ
ݴԶЩϢҰо޴󲿷ֶ磬Ҳв٣ҪëǣҲЩ鷳
Щ޴󲿷ֶǳ֮еģǬеЩ֮ͨһǿޱȣСһľ˵ǸС鷳
Ұ˼ɣĿƵɨ·ɽѹŴ˴ĵر
Ҫ޵ϳҩģҰ꣬꣬ûȫꡣ
ЩһĵĶŷҰҪҰ̵ģȫҰԶˤ߻أҲֹˡ
ҰЩҩȫɼ꣬Щ޵΢ƽЩ
ڶСеĵرȵһСжˣҰҲŸһС硣
Ժеĵͼƶ˸ڶС󲿷·ߣ¸СڣѹβΪ
ǲǵһģһ·Ҳ˲ٱȡҩµĺۼ÷ҰЩź
һˣֵܹĺöӦø࣬Ǹ·ϵü·ŵҩĶɼˣһЩ΢εģûʱȥɼȫ˷Ұ
˵ڶ֮вʿɢ˿ԾԽ뵽һСУڴ˴Ҫҵ

ԶཻҰǬһۣԶ΢΢̾Ϣ¡
Ұ̾Ϣ˵ĵطзﶯģؾ֮УµĲޣǸʿ
ǬΪȻĵΪ˱ɱԽʤӸԣ˭Ҳˣ֪жʿҪؾ֮ˡ
ҰҡҡͷûвֵĴ㣬ǬһСڴ˹ȥ
֮ʤ㷽ҰܣҲܲ
ңЩʿڽؾ֮ǰ﷢ҲЩ˽⣬Ȼѡ˽ؾǾӦóԼѡĺ
ҰǬѹ˴ĵر󲿷ֶǸϡеҩģҲвʥĲϣԼʯ飬ҺҲǳ
Щϴ󲿷ֶǷҰѼģޱȣټƶһЩĵرĸӦ쳣УĶࡣ
ҩ֮⣬ҰѹεʣµЩĵرһǬǬƴǣҰҲˡ
˲ûڵڶСͣãֱӴʯ̨׽뵽˵СС
ǬͷҰֱ𣬷ҰЩĵĵ֣Ϊ»ЩΣգҪȻ㻹ǸҰɡ
ǬЦЦʦؾʽк֮ܶͨǾԲҪɱңҲûôס
ǬҰЩţһȫؼǹ֮У·ǧǹΪһ塣
ҰϸӦһûзǬϢΨоǬ÷Ұоǳľȡ
طӦþеĲطǷҰѰһ˿ǬϢԷ֡
ȻҰǶƵӡ׾ܹǬ
Ǭ¶һ֣ҰҲĲ٣Ǭȥ
ҰԺеĵͼƶ˸ŵ·ߣһŵĸСڴȥһѹ·;ĵر
δĵرȷв٣СУҰ˺üưƷʥҪĲϣȫ
ڵСУЩ޵ΪѾˣҰǵĵ̣в޶ŭĶԷҰ𹥻ȫҰ̵ˡ
ҰȡڵҩģͲռ֮ʱҲûҪǵɼҩҲأЩҲֻűˡ
Ұܿ͵˵ĸСڴ˼̤ʯ̨ף뵽ĸСС


636 
̤ĸС磬Ұ͸оһŨˮֱ͸һʥƵģڴĸ򶼱ࡣ
ಣ
Ұո̤ĸСУһƿ˲䵽ǰ
ҰһĶߣֻг̣ȫ˺ɫİƣٶȿ磬ƿնһҪ졣
ֶץʱãǡǷҰոս뵽ĸСʱ򣬳ŷҰزʱ򣬸Ұһ
ҰĿߵΪȻһ̣߳ΪȴžڵΪ͵Ϯ֮£ǾڵʿҲ׶༪١
ҰĿһ䣬֣ĽץУǶŤҲ޷ѡ
࣬ң׼ɡ˻ţһɾ񲨶
вˣҰĮкݺݵһ߾ͳˣҲˡ
ЩɼҩĵޣҰʴ֮ģЩԵ޹ҪԼޣҰɲͬķġ
ֻҪУ;
ŷҰߣԶʱһ޴˻ĸС綼һһɺƴŷҰڵķ˹ٶޱȡ
Ұ΢УڣҲ֪Լɱ߿Щ
Ŵ˴ޣҰǣǼȻ˴ԼǷҰҲ¡
ҰǷһ˿ЦݵĽжߵߵ˳뵽ƿռ֮Уֽߵʬ嶪һߣǹɺƸķӭ˹ȥ
ҰûͼԱߵĻĲݴӳż߷ڵʬ壬Ӳûá
⼸ʬͨ巢ڣʬϸӦ˿ȫľѪɵһɶûеΪ¡
ҰһĨŭ⣬ⶼǸղ߸ɵĺ£ϮɱʿǵľѪУԼº֪жʿҪꡣ
Сӣҵ֮أһһڰƵǧɴߴԶٷѶһܿ͵˷Ұߡ
ڰƵĴŭգβͺݺݵŷҰ˹жռŤΡ
룡ҰһܣһȭźڰƵĴߺ˹ȥ
飡
һƵ촫ǺڰƵĴ߿ٽβ˻ȥԾĲţʹ衣
⻹ΪҰԵʣҰȫ֣߿ɳŲҰһȭ
ڰƵĴֵ߳ʱ򣬷ҰͿߵΪԲ
Բޣʿ˵ֱǸѡǶڷҰ˵ͲҰ붯֣ղһȭֱӽɱˡ
ҰĿһƬ䣬ĮĵղС߾ɱңɱˡ뱨Ҹᡣ
ڰƵĴҰĿг˼ɵոȻҲȫ֣ǹҲһʿԵֵסģǾԲĴڣҲɾ͵ֿס
ڰƵĴ˸ʱӿֳһĨԹʱӿֳһ˿ɵʱҳˡ
ҰҡҡͷתߣûʱڰƵĴߣҪȥѹĵرء
ڰƵĴ߼ҰѺԼĿһĨԹſѪڣŷҰݺݵһҧ¡
ǧ꣬ڴ˵ص˽Ҳв٣֪ʿܹģҲֻǾԲʿԼǾԲ͵ϮƺѾ˷ҰڵϵһĻ
ҰĿһƬ䣬ڵɷ˲䱬˿ֻ̧һֻ޴ƣһƽڰƵĴķ˳ȥ
ϲֶ֮óǰʥҲӲӲڰƵĴȻΪʥȻԶһӾͱҰĳˡ
ҰֳһӰ˲͵ڰƵĴߣŴٴĳһơ
ġߵг˾֣һδ˵꣬ͱҰһƽԴ˸ϡá
ҰߵߵҲȡ˳Զȥ
Ұڰƴ߻ˣϧȻҪնɱҰڵˣҰȻ˿ֱӽڰƵĴ˵
ڷҰ˵ǸСҰһ·ͣͣڵĸСѹĵر
ĸС磬ûжʿµĺۼҲΪҰһ·ٶȿԵʡ
뵽ĸСУҰѹһͽ뵽˵СС
ҰڵĸСеõĵرǰĲ̶࣬ȣǰ漸СеЩĵرҲûеĸСеõĶࡣ
ҰСУڵСУҰڵ޶˲١
Щ޶ڷҰ˵ʲô¡ЩʶȤģҰҲû̫ΪѣժһЩҩ֮ȥˡҲһЩӳҪҰȫҰնɱˡ
ȵҰСжѹϵʱƿռٴ˲ٱ
ҰƮȻ˵СڣѾۼ˺üʿÿʿﵽ˾Բ硣
ڵСУԲʿкܴʻ䣬ڴСģһЩǿߡ
ףʦҲߵиʿŷҰк
ҰЦŵ˵ͷǸϹĵǹģΪβǰУ
ǸʿЦŵʦ֪СУΣյúܣ˵аʥޡҲڵȺǰһͬȥ̽С磬ʦһȥɡ
ҰҡҡͷˣɹˣȻǲȥҾȽȥˡ
ҰҲ˵ĿֱӾ̤ʯ̨ף뵽˵СС
иʿɴ۾̾Спûôôʦո˵󣡡
ղ˵Ǹʿ̾Ϣ㻹֪ʦֶΣؾ⣬ɾնɱ˰ʥаϣС磬˵ȷʲô
˶࣬ԽʥǶеǳ𾪡
˽̸һֵȵһЩ˵һСС


637 ˫
ˮ鲼һЩʥػҪʺУֻһЩޣ϶ǾԲģʥĶв١
Ұ࣬СеȷЩ£ʥ޶ټѹԲʿмĿܻ䡣
ҰӰʧڵСУýһëȺޣҲûܹ
ΪҰ֣Ѿ޷˻صСˣʯݶǵģֻܽ룬޷˳
СУǵȷвٵĺöҰưƷʥ϶ռʮ꣬÷ҰеС
ŷҰڵСԽԽ룬ҰоƶЩӦ
˳ƶָҰڸ޵ĵдǰУ󣬷ҰĿһΡɽϡ
ɽϣһͷԼʮɴСĺڻɢ̾ɽϣͷһɫơ
ֻСƣȴ͸һɺ纣ѹ
һͷʥޣ
ҰĿⲻԾͷڻԱߣȻӿֳһĨϲɫ
һͨ׵ıҩɢŨҩ㣬ɽӳĵİããһƬ
걦ɽϣһֻХɽӵİ׻֮͸һĻ
׻ʥҩ
ְܵ׻ʥҩϴͷڻһİʥҪ¡
ҰĿй⻪Ƭ֮䣬оѾ˼ƽϣֳһӰɽϳ˹ȥ
׻ʥҩ˵еߴʥҩ֮һֵðһˡ
ҰոնͷڻȻ˫˸Ĺâͷϵɫɢ⣬Ȼվ𣬳ŷҰһŭ
ХŷҰǵصӿ̺ŰԵ֮ѹķҰϵ졣
Ұ˫Ŀսڣֽ쵶˳һ룬ٳźڻɱ˹ȥ
ڻŭͷϵɫų貵ɫ⣬˲ѹղֱϮҰ
Ұһն£ʱоһգԾһ˿δסɫƣɫƴ쵶ٵ˷Ұǰ
ҰоԼı鶼һҵĲüвԾųһ貵ɫ⻪ɫ
Ұֳһ亹ɫƾȻרŶԸģȫߣƵӡһ¾͵óԸ
ƹҰ͵ɽϿգɽϵİ׻ʥҩ˹ȥ
ڻ̧צ׻ʥҩϲһɫĽƣɽһԾУĻצϷűϢŷҰĻȥ
Ұе쵶ų貵ľŲ⣬źڻĻצնȥնŤ
һҰоЩԾǿУһȥҲ˺ѿһЩϸ΢ĿռѷˡֵطȴʹŤ˺ռ䡣
˵˴Ŀռ绹Ҫȶ
飡
Ұ쵶նƺڻצϣһƵĺһһٷֿ
ҰĿ΢΢£ڻצҲ쵶ӲӲȻ˿û
쵶ļͳ̶Ѿʥƺڻצܹ쵶Ӳƴ˵ڻצӲҲϵʥˡ
ҰĿ˺ڻһۣο˺
ڻŭõضɽҡƵĳŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ҰٸڻӲƴʩչ˿һùιڻһ߿˺
ڻ߳ŭڸ߿µӰٳҰצг޴ĻצӰƴɱҰ
ڻ׷ɱȻĻͷһۣ췢һŭ
ԭΡɽϣһҰӰѾƳ˺ڻõĽƣһѽ׻ʥҩץС
ڻɽϵǸҰֿ˿ǰķҰһʲôʱŭĳɽ˹ȥ
лˣվھɽ֮۵ǸҰźڻ˻֣׻ʥҩ뵽ƿռУֱʧڰС
ڻŭٴγԶԶ뿪ǸҰ׷˹ȥ
Ұֱӻһչ˲ʧߣߵ˵߸Сڣ첽̤ʯ̨ס
ڻվʯ̨ǰŭȴṳ̂ʯ̨ףת˼Ȧղʵȥˡ
˴ʯ̨ϣѹһһĴҰߵҲûôˣѲס̤ܿ뵽˵߸СС
ո̤߸СУҰ͸оܵŨŨĻҪͻȫëڣϴʣΪ
߸СУһĵĹϢҰӦ˴޵ǰ漸СеҪٵö࣬ϢҲΪǿ
ҰĬƵӡԼϢ
ֵطʥ洦ɼԶмϢ÷Ұо쳣ѹ֣㲻ʥҲ˶١
ҰСڵ߸СǰУûãҰ͸оڵƶ΢
ƶҰһޱȵɽС
⴦ɽȿǰܣ޷طȣϸӦҲӦбϢƶȴҪöࡣ
ҰԿ϶кö
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ʥɲڵھǴ˳ȥ»˻
ҰҲԼ쵶ʯͷֻίʥˡ
ҰʮɣȻûиоʲôرģڷҰɴ˴Ƿбʱ򣬺Ȼоͷ΢΢¡
ţҰ͸о뵽һƬУһɺƿռʮڵϾҪŨ
ҰĿһĨɫʣδֱӾϾ
ǰ̵Ͼͬһ㽺һ͸һɵȵҰȪۼҪŨֱӴطڣ÷Ұһɵĸо
Ұϸ˿ϲʢ˿ҺϲĵȻ˫
ڣҰΪ˿˴ˡ
Ͼֳ˴˽ϣڸռУɢȥ
ϾֵǣϾУ൱̷ƷɵС
е˺ڣ쳣Ӵ󣬾ϾɽʹãҲǳϾǿṩ㹻ұϾա
ҪǣϾеֻ֮ҪһĸɾͿԶֲ
һϾԼֵʮϾǶЧʮϾҪõöࡣ
˫мУ
ⲻһһ飬˫һ𣬿ԿֲĵȵֲٶҪʮ
ļӳãҲһ֮࣡
Ұֱӽ˫뵽ԼСУٸСг
ҰЦͶϲ£ˣһֵ̫ˣȲ˵׻ʥҩЩݣ˫÷Ұоˡ
Ұڴǵ߸С磬治֪Слʲô


638 ż
ջ˫Ұ˼ҲƵӡסԼϢڵ߸Сε
ڵ߸СУҰƶݣҰǵȷ˲Ͼĵط
ϧǣϾĵطȫǼΪǿռš
ҰͼƵӡסϢǼҲĲĿƵķҰò˺
һ̽ѾԿ϶ǼϢǿ޻ʥֱͣһİʥҪǿ̫ˣҲ֪Щ޶˶ˡ
ʥѾʱʿЩޣͬľһ㣬δʥѾˡ
ҰûմһѵĳʥѣûиЩײԶԶܿЩޡ
ƶĵرĸӦǳ񣬾ܿЩǿޣҰҲҵһڵµϾõ˲İƷʥԭϡ
ϾȻû취õ˫ȣҲǳˡ
СУҰ˼ǿʿ⼸ʿҲЩ汾£СŸԵĻԵ
ΣҲСҰۿһԲʿ˸Ŀʨأͷʨ˺Ƭ
ҰҡҡͷתȥûиԤ
ҰֲǿõģؾΣձأ˸ΣգЩ˼ȻҽҪľ
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ȻѾߵԷҰƢڰ˲㿴ǲܵġ
Ұһ̤ʯ̨ףٸɽѹԼ񱩵ѹ˹ǧٱҲˡ
Ұͳ̶ѾʥɺѹҲ֨֨죬ϵΪҧӲѹһŵڰ˸СǰС
ҰǱһ̫ɽǰƵģÿһߵ쳣ʮ̨ףͷ·Զ߲ͷƵġ
ǵЩ̨ףҰͻȥһʱ䣬ڽ뵽˵ڰ˸СС
Ұ΢ɣڴϢš
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Ǳˣ忰ʥҲܵˡ
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ڰ˸СУȻ֪Σգ
ˣҰĲ˺üǳǿϢϢڹʥߺ϶ܵʥ߲ž߱Ϣ
ңֹһ
ʿ뵽ųɾŵҲҲѹһֱû˵˭ˡ
Ұ΢΢࣬ؾرգʣ߰ʱ䣬޷˻ص߸СУ治֪߰ιȥ
ҰĬƵӡԼӵһͷԳ㲻ϵ˷ĸΣգµѪۡ
ҰǼʥڵķа˼Ȼ˴ʥ߾޴ڣҲеĵطΣա
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ھ籾ԴĻϢ۶ɣ̺شԴֱ˵Ϊû˿ĸá
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𣬿ԣŻѹ۳ֺھûγеļֵԱϾҪߵö࣡
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ĴĲʱ򣬷ҰھŲƵԼС֮УֱоǸСӵ
ҰԹ£ھеĺھԼǧңһϾĻʮڣ
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䣡
һײľ촫С綼ʼҵҡһ̺ʥ޺֮쳹أж𾪵ɫ
Ұ֪ǣǵڰ˸С磬ؾеСȫʼҡн˵صʿеһ֣̿׷ʲô顣
ЩеĴˣʱҲɲĴеļУûгֹ˭׷ʲô飬ؾҪƵġ
ҰҲһҵѪڣǿֺĴأֲ֪ĸо
治׷ʲô飬ԼƶȻ˴Ķضֺȫ޷⡣
סʱҰԺħ
ǲǷʲôҰֱѯ˳µѾֺϵĴأЩ¡
ħļʶ㣬˵֪ʲô顣
ħĬƬ̣ȻҺ֪ЩʲôǺھˣ˵ˣһʥҲȡ
Ұ࣬ѯʵͱˣﵽʲôŹ֣
ħƵҲ޷ȷǸҵĲ²⣬ؾǱģпǴ˵еһ
Ұһѿڵʲô
żħһһٵ³ۡ


639 ֮
żҰʶظһ䡣
֣ҰǵһеЩİ
ż־Ų㣬ؾҲоŸС磬пǼ
ŸСĺƴ󣬷Ұǲûʲô⡣
ƶԶԶδָѾаСȫָ²Ǭ
ħż޾ǰˣҪöࡣܹӲƶģȻҲĴڡδżҹʮа˾žǾż
ҰؾоŸС磬ľʲôؾҪǾżĻô˸ؾ
ħĵԶ֮У˭֪׷ʲô顣֮Ҫ޸ѣٵأ޾µ޸Żָĵزܸƶ࿹⣬żҲ޸Ĳˡ
Ұ촽˫ðĵ٣벻ؾȻһȻˣҵҪܷˡ
ħ޴ĵʡʡɣһھ㶼ղˣ˽ӽ״̬ľż
ҰһĨɫȻʵˣûа취ھȡ
ħܸɴĵԣֻҪȫƿ˾ż˵һھˣҪеȡҲǷַӵ顣
У˵˵û˵ҰƲƲ죬Ҳֻεķ˺ھ
ħĬƬֵ̣ʵұ㻹ҪȵٽһʥԺٵĲʾѾȫָˡҪٻָͱҪУҪϾǺھ
Ұǳ鴤£ͷֱðߣô˵ҪֱָǸ޵׶ǸƷǵʦҲ㰡
ħȻż˰ƷʦҪõҲ̫ѡҪƶҪָҲҪǰи׼
ҰһħƶҪԼҲҪԼٴҲеѹɽ󰡣
ħȻ˫
Ȼڴ˫⣬Ұߵȷǲãͱ˫ˡԺˣһῼ͸ġ
ħָֻƵᣬҲãڻòˣżûǲҪˣڵҲֻǰ׷
ô֪ǵڰ˸С磬ҲǾżĵڰ˲㡣ſԿżŦҲӦûڵھŲ㣡ߣȥھŸСпҰɲôȻִ˵еܸģ
ħҰҲΪ⣬ڵڰ˸С˺ü죬ڵھŸСҲЩüĿ
ؾرն໹ʣһʱ䣬ҰٳɣŵھŸСڸ˹ȥ
ڰ˸СΣķС籾ǰʥҲʮа˾Ҫ䣬ҰҲƵӡͿʥıܹڵڰ˲
ڰ˲㶼ôѰˣ˭֪ھŲ㻹ʲôΣգ
Ǿżƿ֮ҲһڵھŲ֮С
֪Щǰǵɽ𺣣ǷҰҲȥһ
ʱ󣬷ҰڵĳڵھŸСڴ
ʯݣҰɫҲ΢΢̤ڰ˸СеʱЩݾеѹܴˣϵھŲĽݣԸӿֲ
Ұ״̬һؾرյʱѾܽˣҲȵ۷壬ֱӾ̤˵һʯ̨ס
̤ʯ̨ףҰ͸оһɽѹԼѹ˹ڵķתĶЩͣǹѹͰѹȥ
Ұβ£ݺݵҧҧٴ̤һڶ̨ס
ÿ̤һҰҪȫΪǴеһҶۣھκʱܻûС
̤ʯ̨׵ʱ򣬷Ұףʯ̨׸ǰ漸СеЩһ
ʯ̨ѹ̫ˣҪôǰҪôǿѹѹ·ˡ
˺󣬱
ҰҲûˣҧ֣˺ļѪǶǹѹѹ˿˿Ѻۣÿһëж͸εѪ飬ѾưܵȾƬƬѪ졣
Ұıǰδеĵ쳣أʶЩģˣһɼ͵־ͱǰС
һİ棬ڣҰһգȫԽʯ̨ף뵽˵ھŸСС
ҰԼǵø̤ڰ˸СеһĻ߹ʯ̨ףҲ˿⣬ӵ󣬾ɨΧ
һҰ̲ססˡ
ĿȫǲƵĹ֣ǹɽϣľȫޣӸѣݼţǴٹƵġ
ڲ͹֮УɫޱȣؼŰ֮ȫңҰȾѪ˺һһˡ
ΪżҪָ״̬ˣԶħ̾Ϣ
ΪС̫ƵԵʣСԷҰвԻûڰ˸Св
С˲ƣ⿿žż޸Ҫȫ޸ҲǧԺˡ
ܹﵽıѾ꣬㲻ħҲӵһǡ
żпܾڵھŲ֮УϾûȻżܿͱ˷ˡ
ҰķżٵεҪҵż꣬Կƾż
ݷҰ㣬ؾرֻʣ¼ʱˣץһʱѰҡ
ֻǣڻưܵСУҪҵżĿ֮͸ƵģҰڲСкбӵ£һꡣ
ŷҰＱӣħƵʲôüģ⻹ʮа˾롣
԰ҰȻһţŲС˹ȥ
վһƵСɽϣҰȻ̧ͷ죬ȻյЩǳ޹⣬ǷҰܹӦڲ֮ϣ
ҰĿ˸ԣŸż뿪ұضսħ壬ҫٴιҫأ
ŷҰĻ£ƵСоҵĶ£ͬʱİ˸СҲ¡
ؾеʿȫɲ֪׷ʲô飬Ѿؾڶˣ˭Ҳ֪ؾ׷ʲôʡ
ǣؾеЩҲһʧѾ̾ˣ޽УǶĪ
Ұϣֻһǹɶٴʧˣ÷ҰҲеǳơ
ħЦǺǵĵСӣҽһаɣ㲻ôôߣŵָ۷״̬еá
Ұһ룬ҲȷħԼҪԼָ
뵽ħҰ뵽ƶһﶼҪָܻټżҪ÷ҰѪ
ʱ򣬷ҰþżߣԺ취ȰѾżŪ˵
Ұд⣬ֱŸ߿Ȼȥҽһָ۷״̬
Ұ䣬ؾͿʼҡ
ѰһھһΡͬ⣬ȥһ翵ľ񲨶ֱڷҰ֮С
Ұһ鴤ĻڵõҲòϣ֪ʲôʱܹѰھء
ż˵ϾѾòˣȻżҲ÷ҰǼϾˡ
Ұݺݵҧҧɽ
Ұеѹɽħƶ;żҪԼҲҪԺеæˡ
ʵǳʱһǻԣһǹĽɫӰֱû뵽Ұü֮С
üһСӡǣӲӵģûƤ档


640 ¯
֮뵽Ұڵʱ򣬷ҰоһɺƥĿռ֮סԼֱӽӽ˴ҵʱ֮Уؾ˦˳ȥ
ͬʱھŸСеĸطʼͬһĻ
һɫŮץסһݣͱһɴ˳ȥ
ͬĶʿһͷޣȥȡ޵ʬ壬ʵı˳ȥ
һԸ欵ĺβŮһȪԡȻѣû·ͱ˦˳ȥ
н뵽ؾʿںηȫ˦˳
ҰٴγǿУ˲ԼǱӣʶüͨС
üģһƬޱ޼ʵĽɫӿȣһöɫʰ쵵ıںϿգ˿˿Ƶľ˿ߴʶű۶ȥɢſյҫ۹â
ҰעĵЩֱӽʶ̽뵽ʶ֮Уͼһǹ˸ĽɫʶгǾż
ҰŽʶ̽żУȴ־żһ㿴ϣҰʶȫ赲⡣
ҵھǸ翵ٴ
ҰƲƲ죬εĳԼʶ
żȲϻħҲˣҲϳԡ
ҰžżеЩޣʥ߶кü𣬰ʥ࣬㲻ܶþżǿԽЩ޵ģҲԺɨ·ˡ
ϧżβ÷Ұ뵽˵ѩУ̫ˡ
ҰҪ޵ʱ
żʶеҲż֣һΣҲ˺Ұı飬Ҳοˡ
Ұʶʶ˳ע⵽ԼϵǱ˶ŷҰ֪׾ʲô飬ʥնɱˣȻؾֵǱ
Ұ¶һ˿εɫֲһƣƬ֮󣬾͸ɾ˳
ҰĴɨһȦܿͿԼ̶еǿ鿰ɽľʯԳǼʿվ
ǼҲһɫصվǿУһӡǿȾ쳣Ѥá
ҰǵʲôҲûмȥȥվǿɽʯϿš
ʦּˣǬڷҰǰ˷ܵŷҰк
ҰǬĿ¶һ˿ɫСѾͻƵˣؾҲЩ
ҰЦŵͷϲͻƣؾҲԵС
⻹öлʦɵǬǫһ䣬ϱ㸡ֳһ˿ɻ󣬡ʦղҺ񿴵еǱǲʲôΣգ׽뵽˵ڼ㰡Ľ߲˰ɣ
ҰЦЦؾĵԽΣԽһˡˣﵽ׷ʲô飿⼸λڸʲô
ǬҡͷҲأļأؾر֮ûһ
ҰȻżԼˣһĨȻ֮ɫ
ȻǸŵˣɫ̫ÿųĴͳ˰ֹ֣ͣеĶ
׷ʲô飿Զѯ˳
ɫأһؾʧˡ
Զû˵ʲô˼˲ѯʵԹؾһÿֻһ£һµˣȻҪرˣʲô𣿡
̾λˣֻιرգؾȫʧˣԺ޷ٴοˣ
ʲô޷ٴοˣ
ôܣ
׷ʲô£

Զ˶ը˹Ժ޷ٴν룬ִôԶؾҲΪúʹãؾƾʧǶоš
Ҳĸͳһո˸ͣؾе̫Զˣ֧֮ŵѾĸɾؾٴû˺ǿС
Ҳ׷ʲô飬ҲֻĽˡ
˶оЩźҲû̫ķӦ
ϾԺ飬˭Ҳ˵һǶûȥˣ˻ڰңҿԼһ
˷ҰһֱӴĴͳɽʯƮȻңңŷҰֵλǷʦɣȻһ˲ţ˵ʦҪڴ˴¯ҳصذʦڴ˴мС֮ռݷʦĵط
ҰЦŹֵˣǶлˡҵȷҪڴ˴¯ҪҵǿȰƣ۸һöҩ
ЩɵѯʵˡðʷʦƷɵɵжߣ
Ұ΢΢üǬЦЩɻɣ鷳ʦȰƼöɵɡ
ҰҲʲô㳯ǬͷҲã֣óɡ
ؾ֮УҰǬõĲ϶Ұ·ϣǬҰˣҰ֪ǬϻϣֱҪ
ǷҰռǬıˣҰҪ뿪ڶصġνƲ¶ףǵڸǬ̫൤ҩǬ˵ǻǸ
ҰӦҪָǬһЩɵȵû˵ʱ򣬷ҰȻǬ
ǬҲ֪ҰΪԼ룬ܸɴóɵĲϡ
ɵƷɵǬҲ±˶ϣûó̫࣬ó
Ұֱӽʥ˳ĵ棬һˮĿʼһĿĸо
ʱףƷɵƳɹ
ƺˣÿٶȣĿг𾪣ڷҰֶ޻ɡ
пҰ˶ҰֶθˡҰʱƷʦһС룬һһιɣֱ顣
ҰֱӽʣµǸ뵽ƿռ֮УǿɵǬ
ǬȻ֪Ұֶθ߳ۿҰȻϲ̵ĽӹɵʦҰְɡ
ˣԼԴȻصڶذɣæ˴֮ȥ㡣Ұһڻؾ
ҰϣڵڶѹһЩϡеıʹ뿪ڶˣǰǬߵ̫ΪǬǵ鷳
ǬŷҰĿ⣬ҰмŷҰ˵ͷֱ뿪˴˴
ҰŸ˹ֵĳڴ˿¯һŵҩϲҲһЩϡеĲҪѣ뵽ʯԾźöӣӺ͵ߣˡ
ǷҰĹأҪԣعؾС
Ұһ䣬ǰֺɽʯϻ˹Ծź˶顣
Ұֳ޶ãĿתƵϣȻǷҪĳæ
εЦЦΪղŵĻ򷽵ʦǸҪһҪҲ³⡣ԪɵĲϣ֮¾鷳ʦˡ
ҰҲƽϣһϣһͶʥʼ


641 ·
ԪɵǸƷǵҩҰû˿Ĺ˼ɣںϣ£ߵƺǹ⽻ӳɻԣܿ˳
ҰֽöԪɵϲĽӹŷҰлѡ
ȻٴóƷɵĲϣ뷽Ұơ
Ұ߲ܣһ֮󣬽ʣµĲȫƳɵҩ
ӹҩ𾪵ŷҰŵĵѵˮƽʵƽŵҩȫƷɵȻȫɹˣ̾Ϊֹ
ɿ佱ҰЦŻӦ
ĴͳҲ÷ҰƵҩȵǵĵҩԺλͳȥλͳҰά
ҰƴǲҲֻôӦ˰æά򣬵Ҳɵ㡣
Ұı´Ҷˣһŵҩֻˣƻһӡ
ؾеһǿǵ̨׵ʱ򣬷ҰֱȫʩΪΪҩǸˡ
ڽһУ׽ٲϣһſƷɵˮڷҰгͣõҩʿл
öһĲϻȡһöƷɵڸжûйû˲Ը⻻
ҰƿռеĲԽԽ࣬ѻһСɽһЩҲռࡣ
˺˶ԷҰǸֶ߳Ͷأһ£ȫƷɵδʧһΣֳɵʼֱ;ˡ
Ҳ˶ۺ췽Ұ룬ϻȡһöɵҲ˵Ұ׬һ룡
ҰЩƵƷɵԼǧöң׬ȡɵҲôֵ࣬ʮϾ붼˸еϢ
ǣгλͳڣҲû˸ĿŵҷҰ鷳
Ұϣ˹ָǣλͳһ𷵻صڶء
λͳ춼ԷҰ۶˵Ұǵ䶼ҪСΪҲǵһЩڷҰǰǳ
ҰͳֱʱÿŲɵҲ°άıˡ
ͳƴһ֪ҰȱٵҩҲ뷽Ұȥ͡
ҰܣҪڵڶѹһռһЩĲʲôģûʱȥ͡
뿪ЩûãǬԶԶŷҰкʦڻˡ
ҰЦŵɫΪ
ҰǬģÿҩһţܹ˶ʮƷɵһָжǬ뿪֮ٴ򿪡
Ұѹʹ뿪ڶˣ뿪֮ǰǬʲô鷳ڶضûš
ҰǬڵڶѹȷҵϣٲʥжǼƷ
ȵҰڶع֮ѾԺˣҰרһı
żһвȱʱ޷ãҪúھá
ϾͨϾһھһȫС
ưƷɵϽ꣬ǧ꣬ƷɵĲϽǧ׻ʥҩһ꣬ȫԵ˾ɫС
ʣµģʥϣһ붼ĲϣҰ϶ħ
Щ֧ŵȫ޸ˣҪչЩϣʱ޷ˡħһ仰ͳȥ
Ұһ˿ϲȵħȫ޸Ϳʥˣֻǲ֪ħҪòܹЩʥˡ
ڶѾû˿ҰĵطҰֱغ󷽡
ڵڶصĺ󷽣ҰȻ׹۳Ĺ·ڵڶغ󷽵ĳŴѾۼ˲ʿȵһеȺʿ˺ü
ְ׹·ҰѾǵһμˣҲ˽⣬ٵȥˮˣֱӾ̤˰׹·
ڷҰ̤ϰ׹·ʱ򣬵Ⱥڰ׹·ǰ߰˸ʥ˴һۣĿ˸űɱ⣬̤˰׹·
ҰؾѴ˳ڶеĴ˶֪Ұ۲ƣ÷Ұڵڶû˸ҶҰв˶׼·϶֡
ҰնǸʥаϣθҶֵˣȫǰʥ
ǿ߰˸ʥȥΧҰǼֱֵ飬Ѿÿֵܹٶˡ
Ұ̤ϰ׹·ʱо·߹·вͬǿҵԻþǿ󣬾ֻܱڰ׹·ϡ
ҰƵӡǳƶеĻþĥԼľþ˵ûκá
Ұ뵽׹·ϴ͵ڶеǸʹ󣬵ǼǰУȻǰͲ֪ڵĵ·Ƿͬһ·
ͷȥ󷽵İ׹·ѾʧˣһƬ磬ҰҲ޷ȷʱ·뵱·ǲͬһ·
Ұǰ˰֮󷽡
ڷҰ󷽼￪⣬߸òʿںԶԶ׺ţڿǰ˹
Ϊ˵ԵʣֻɵĸоʧˡҰĿ˺Щ˵ӣеƬеĶǾӨеüۣеľ塣
һۣҰͿеǹɱҰ˲˹Щ˾ǳԼģǿԼϵıˡ
Ұؾڴһ£Ƕʱ۵ƷɵĲ϶ǧң˭֪ҰϻʲôЩĶˡ
ΪΪʳЩҲ˲÷ҰʦˣҪٷҰݺݵһʡ
ʦĺǳأɲǿԳܵģξʹֱӽҰնɱ׳ȥ󻼡
ź߸ʥҰ¶һ˿Ц⼸֮ĸ˶ʱҲĸҰҲɱ
ҰϾıصǰ棬ۿſ⼸ˡ
иķʿƤЦⲻЦĵʦּˣ˵ʦǰʱճɲ
ҰϹŵЦ⣬ƽĵͷȷǲҼǵ㻹ҰһŲɵרҵģ
Ǹ΢ֵʿЦеĵʦ˵ûǼľġԶʳɲãʦǿ԰ճɽǰ˳ɣǿΪʦһ·ݻ
ҰǸֳһĨȻˣ٣Ҹؾһ׼ΪƾǼСܹס𣿡
ÿСӣһϣɱиŽɫƬʿȣûмҰնɱаϵһĻΪĴֱ꣬Ӿͼһӡѹ˹ȥ
ӡΪһ̫ħɽ͸źĹâŷҰͷѹ䡣
Ұβ̧һȭ˹ȥһӺһӡ棬Ǹӡıը
ӡʥڷҰǿ£һδס
ǸɫƬʿɫһ԰ףԶǼʿҲĿһɫŷҰƽ


642 ·ս
߸ʥΧҰҲҴ⣬ھż޷ãħ˯ҰֻԼʵˡ
ҰɵĲ߸ʥǽƬ׹·
׹·е˹ϢһͲ֪˵ʲôطȥˡ
ڰ׹·϶ԵУʮֵľвпܻٲ
ಣ
Ǹǿüĵֻ۾ųһ貵Ľ⣬˲仮Ʋ񷣬ڷҰǰֱŷҰüͨг˹ȥ
ǾĹһסֱӳüʶڶԵ֮п벻Ч
˵ľ̫󣬻Ǿֹ̫һӾܽ˵ʶ飬˺һûʬ⡣
ҰһüųһƬҫ۵ɫâľζΪһ쵶һǵ貽Ϊ顣
Ұɫ쵶ڰͣƬ̣ٴǰն˹ȥܿǸǿǰ
ǿüٴγһ⣬ɫ쵶ײһͬʱʧС
ʥſһѪĿһĨ𾪵ɫڸոյľԾУȫҰѹ·磬ʶѾܵ˳ײг˸
ǸƷʦ֮ǿҪƴԱиָİʥһ˵˳
ҰľƴƥڸղŵĶԾнǸоʶ£ǲûܵʲôӰ졣
Ұ߸ʥںѽ߸ʥǰ棬ǳ߸ʥ·Ͼ͵˺ˣ֪ᷢʲô顣
·飬ҰҲЩ²⣬·Ȼǿ۵ʱ֮Уһ̤㲻Ҳ뵽ĳһƬδ֪֮С
ǿ̺޾أ˭Ҳ֪ǿжôƴһ̤Ҫڿݼŵˡ
ҰĿɱħ壬׽ħĺ󻼣Ѷ·ϣɲöޱǿȥˡ

һĴӱ˼׹⽫նѹХ֮ž׹Ұһɻصʥ
һʥʥݣһʱĹʣֱնҰ
Ұɫ䣬˫Ŀ絶һɫ׵֮⣬ִ̧һȭȭͷϸֳһɵӰݣѹķ
䣡
Ұ̧ȭ죬ݺݵǱ棬һ嫶񱩵Ұ˿δǱʥȴҰҵĵɶء
Сӣ㾹ȻҲԶһͷĴ󺺴ȳȫëж͸׹⣬˴˽һ۳һͷ˫ɫ
׵˫һչ͵˷ҰߣſѪںݺݵҧҰͷԵޱȡ
ҰһȭֱȫʧΪһͷΪݵɫ룬һֿ񱩵ϢǿƵĳ嵽׵С
׵͸¶˺СƬ̵Ĺ⾰ҲܲסȻը˿ͷ̶ɵһٴηطҰ壬Ϊֱۡ
Ұȫ봫УȫɻΪУȻһֱ뻹ԶԶ޷ȫ
æǸͷҵĴɫ׵ŭʣµǼʥ֡
ǸɫƬİʥٴμһ㱦Ǹ΢ֵʿһڰɫཻëʥȣһͷ֮˼һƮɫ˿ȫŷҰк˹
Ұ¶һĨЦ⣬ɱȻĵǹôãҲˣ
Ұδ䣬߸ʥоɫļ˻ƣͬʱȫķ۷״̬
ۣۣ
ںδֵʥ룬һҰֱӳߣͷʥ˫Ŀޱȡ
ڴͬʱǼ˵ĹҲ˷Ұǰ

һ󣬷ҰͷһɵĹӣ̫ӡ
ǼİʥҲ˺ЩԣոսͼͬʱĿתƵ˺󷽡
·˺ôܣǸ΢ֵʿеëʥȿٻסг˾ɫ
ʣµʥؿŷҰǸǿҡͷԣ˺ˣնɱѺƵѵģǴ˵һ
ҲǸԲʿһ߷Ȼһնʥ˵ȡ֮ӣҲĹ˰ɣǸɫƬʿ˫Ŀг˼ɵǰķҰֿķҰֽѵĸо
ҰķȻʮ⣬ǸͲһͷȥҰķһ̤һǿɾֻʧ·ˡ
ַ֮Ҳ̫ˣҲˣһַܹ֮ӵ˵ǸͷҵɵĴ
΢ֵǸʿȻһţĿзƹâϲĵˣַ֮пܾǴ˵еһ񼼣ֻҪɱСӣĻ꣬Ϳӵִ˵еˣ
˻䣬ʣµЩҲһ˫Ŀ⣬޲ھͰѷҰնɱһ񼼸
ҰɫĮķֱӼʥ״Ǹͷ֮նɱ˹ȥ
Ұɵľ˳ʥֳ֮ƣΪһ󣬽ǸͷǵʿС
ǸʿŭеƮ˿ܳſһԲεĿռ䣬ͼֹ֮
ֱӷղ񷣬Ұеǳ֣ڶʱ޷ƿա
ʱڷҰжóƸǿֱӷסһƬգâ£Ƭ򶼱һƬרڽ
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һǺɫ˿ʥն飬ǶǰʥһʥķɣȻһױն顣
ǸǰʥҺʥ˺ƬѪȾ·
ʣµĸʥһۣеǹ˷ȫ˼ɵһĨĿ־塣
ȻǼλ֣ǾͻҵģҰıһſһƬ嫵磬һͷǵĺɫгŭųʣµĸʥ
Ǹ΢ֵʥеëʥȣһĿιڰ׹·ϴХɫײһѹĺɫٶҲ
Ұһͷ̫ȻһԽɥӵƵģ޿ײ뵽ʣµĸʥУǵɫ΢΢ףж΢ٻһЩ
ಣ
һɫӰӴ丹³˲䵽ǸʥǰһӴ̫Ѩд˹ȥɱ
ʦǸᣡᣡǸ߽ɫƬʿϲ˾ֵɫŷҰġ
ȻᣬǾһֱȥɣҰĮޱȣٻƲ񷣬ٳŽɫƬİʥҲնɱˡ
ƴˣǿŭһŷҰŵɫ⣬֯ɱҰ
Ұͷϸֳһ£ǿߵĹȫ˻ȥǿشŷϣնɱ
һһҰͣѵӣµĿ˷Ұһۣ˺һʧ·ϣ֪ȥ˺η
Ұ΢΢£ҡҡͷջطЩʥϵıת̤·


643 򶯵
ҰվڵظǰĿһƬһ¥дһЩϢ
󷽵أһظһѣǰһǿ˽ʮˣв˶뵽˰ʥ磬ЩѾʱ䷨򣬾ʥҲ̫Զˡ
ڵڵʮ·նһ·ħʥߣʥͷ˫ǰ·콾ǳɵ
ʹǬڵڶʮһ֮شսҶʥ֮⣬شǬޡ
˵ǵصļ֮УѾħʥ֡ʮλǿ߶УлмλʥԺҪСĲСиʿȻһϢ
ҰĿ˸һĨɱ⣬ڵأѾħ֮ؽɱʿˣħҲ湻ͱ˵ģҰжɱ޲ýЩħ嶼նɱɾ
ҵõϢΪȺħ۵ھˣ˵ھصĻǺг˼֮⣬Щħǳż֮ȥģиֱǴ̵ʿȻ׳˸ըԵϢ
ʲô֮⣿
һּ֮⣿
â嵽ˣϢļٵģ
ʱ¥бһȺ鼤ܣһգգǸâʿ
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Ұйâһֱ;ħ۵ھ鲻򵥣벻ȻΪ֮⣡
֮⣬רΨм֮ſñɱɲ
Ұͥ˼׹⣬ڲħɽ˼Ϲ⣬ϧּ֮ⶼġ
ǻеļ֮зôˣƻδ˵õҰһƬȣ޲òɵھȥ
ѯʵâĵѣǼ֮𣿱˭ȥ
â˵Ǽ֮ʮ㣬ħǿߺ͵ھص콾δõȻڻ֮С˵ħиǿ߽뵽˻Ǻ֮Уħ͵˺ü𡣡
ЩħˣħڵΪﵽ˺־磿˺˳
ȵʥ̫ҲˣǰҲ˻Ǻ˵ħҲȥǵΪͶﵽ˾Բ磬սһİʥ͡ϲ˵һͨ˶΢΢üͷ
ħȥô࣬иħǿߣҪõǻǺеļ֮⣬һ׵顣
֮ºʮ㣬ܷõȫ˻ԵΣҪȥԣи˫΢׵ʿ΢΢۾¥ҲԵͷ
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ҰĥԼҲþ·ˣǼоöڷҰ˵Ҳٱȵϼ֮ˡ
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¥еʿһЩʿĿתƵϣѯʳŶ򵽵׷ʲô飿
Ұ±ע˴ϣ뿪ҲһˣǳȤҲ֪ʲô顣
һתͷҰϳˣȴޱ嫺鵺ĺҰѩܷܷʱйһ֮Ե뷽Ұ
ѯʣ̾һԪ½ƴ½֮ɽʣħϹ칬֮ιճ¾ɽǧħ죡
ʲôһͷħˣʧ壬ڶǿʿɫ
Ұüͷ壬˾ıιҲˣȻһֱѹʲôħιҲסħˣ治֪ιǷħС
Ұ뿪ѯʣһʿѯ˳칬еıιһֱ벻ȻѹħˣˣǱιôˣ
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˵鶼ǳأһħˣ֪ħеŶħħǿħ飬սħ壿
Ұа̾Ϣδȷǣ̫ħħڤħȪħħ̳к黹ѹһ½е޾ԭиʱڳŷӡģ֪ĸ滹ûħ
һҰź˾еľƱּ֣ˣͬһҲ֪֮лЩ顣
ĿתƵҰϣϲԭǷ֣һأַɸʢȻĳ͹ˡ
ϵһ̳ƺԼľƱ˷Ұϣ˫Ѽ䣬顣
Ĵ½еĻԨб䣬ɽĵڶʮλľħǹ
ħǹ벻仹ˡҰдоȣǵõ䱻仯ԨΪ˻Ԩ֮Уû뵽ûõ˶ʮеľħǹ
ΪȻĵȷǲ˵ڻԨл˲ֻ֮ȻΪͣھڣսֱ׷ʥˡˣ½޾ԭĶҲСͺĹһȥæѹˡ
ҰĿЩǣ˵½޾ԭҲѹһֻħҪ̫ɽȺǿѹ
ǴȥǵΪҲԽֻħѹֻħƷ飬Ҳ֪ǻѹסֻħá
һһħ޾µħһҰܸоһ򵥣򽫻᳹
˵ħʥݷ֮УͼıС֮лѹħħҡͷһС
Ұʹ˦˦ԴĿЩһ£Ժᷢʲô飬ʲôʲôҪȥ֮ɱħˣ𣡡


644 ɱħ
Ұ˺ֻǰĴ͹㳡С
ҲҪŷҰһǰҰԾܾˣҰĿ˺Ϊڡ
ΪڵҲǲˣҪȥնɱħʥ»вҰҲ֪ʲôĵˣɲ뵽ʱٷչ
ڴ͹㳡һҰɵľ͵֪˵֮صħΧҪԾħ򡢱Ͱ
ԭҪΪ⼸ǱصôΪΪʿҪȥա
Ǹ͵ŮǼĵͼ򽻸ҰרѷҰλӣѾ֪ʮλħʥɱʿӻѡطɡ
ҾȥɱǵġҰǸŮ΢΢ЦЦֱ̤뵽Ǽʴʹ֮С
ǸŮ΢΢£ֹӣʹãзǳΣգʮλʥǰǰȥɱħ壬أȴδЩħҿû˼С
ҰЦЦµŮѯʵħ̾򣬻ʥߺеʥ߾Ͳ𣿡
Ůҡͷϸ˵˵ˣ̤·ʿҪսħģЩħ壬ǡÿԸλȻʵģҲкܴԻ䡣
ҰͷŮֿĵлȻŮǼʴʹ
ǸŮΣҲֻðҰ˴ʹһ⻪֮󣬷Ұʧڴʹ֮С
ŮЩźɫҡͷ̾ϢһͷԷȵ꣬һȥʮа˾Żزˡ
Ұɲ֪Ů룬Ŵ͹⻪ʧҰѾһУɫƣŲ֪Ĺ켣תš
ҰӦԺеĵͼҵһЩƽʿԾļطѡ˸ֵ򣬻͸˹ȥ
ǰиڷӣ꼶󣬿˿϶óԣ߰ɣ۸ȥһ٣ҰϵƬʱ򣬶ߴһ˵һɺ嫵Ŀռ䲨Լ߸˹
ҰǸֳһĨЦɱȻֱӾǿͣסԼΣ壬ķ
˳Ŀȥͼ۴ǵħУһ̤һֳֻƽꪣŹ֮͵˷Ұߡ
ϵıҰ̲ס̾һ䣬ħ廹ǸԣQһﶼʥ
ףȻǸ壿ѪóˣǿпڸˣǸֳֻƽꪵħ˹ӣҰ񣬾͸һƵġ
ҰΪնɱħģۼħ֣ﻹǷϻ
ɱҰһͷֳâ˸ıʥͷ˿ٳħ幥˹ȥ
ףʥǸ̤󽣵ħ循ɳ
٣İɣʥԽܹ࣬ӳԽʰСӣϵܣ͵ųɣʥҪˣǸֳֻƽꪵħȫûѷҰУ˷ܵ촽лƽꪻһƽŭųҰʥ
ҰһȭɭϢһɫгӭƽɱ˹ȥ
䣡
ײһ𣬷ҰɫƬ̾ɢУƽֻǹ⻪ЩצҰš
Ǹħʥ¶һĨЦݣղһҰоҰҲˣһľԲȲϣ֮ġ
Ұɫ䣬ȵƽǰʱб貵âһץסĲڡ
Ұ֣̽̽ʵȴ̺ϲֵ֮ĵϣ·ԽƬƵģƽô޷ѣڷҰ»ΪǱƽꪡ
ʲôܹץҵĽ۴ꪣǸħʥ󾪣ʹ˼ζδѡ
ҰɫĮûͷʥΪ󣬱˴˽֯ݻǸħʥڡ

һĽɫѪӳɻԣǸħʥҺһɿеĽ۴ꪣӽǿ˳
ǸħʥǱޱȣȫƬ߰˳֮࣬ϴ˿ڣɫѪţϢɢҲҰĿг˺Ȼ
ոǷֵ΢һ˵ھѾ޷վˡ
Ǹ̤ħ彫УɫصŷҰСӣ㵽˭Ϊλϲ֣֮
ʲôϲ֣֮˵Ǹħ循еļɵ֮ɫŨˡ
ҰɨħʥһۣĮȻɱǵˣ
ǸħϸֳһĨŭɫȵǲˣǵǿԷһ·ǣǾֻˣ
ҳն˲ڣǹɣҰЦһԦʥ˳˹ȥ
СеŹ֣һ֣ɱħŭһ콣Ӱ۳һ佣ȵŷҰɱ˹ȥ

һ촫ȵʥǿҰħֱ˺
СӣɣʱⳤӣǸղ˵İʥȻڷҰִ̧࣬һ貵Ĺ⻪ӵһʱҵ˲䵽˷Ұǰ
ͨʱ䷨򣬵Ǹʱ䷨Ч࣬ٿõʶеʱ
ҰĸܵΧʱûһЩȫþƹüʶҲӿҲðһ΢ʱ֮ӲĽǹʱⳤӵˡ
ҰȻڵеʥͻƵʱ򣬾ܵʱ֮Լڣϧһֱ޷á
ܵͬʱ֮ڱ˳ˡ
ʱ򣬷ҰҲûʱ̫࣬ڲʱȫȭϣһȭǰʱⳤӺıѿ
ҰһʧԭأеĽ۴Ǹħʥͷ­ն˳ȥħ޷ŷҰȻƳʱⳤӣԼı֮¡
նɱħ֮󣬷ҰвͣٴǸħնɱ˹ȥ
ǸħеĳȻΪɴСһֿٵ֮ŷҰնɱ˹ԼǿٵĳԶ
ۣ
Ǹħӳɾ룬ͱ쵶նΪ룬֮ǰһҰǰ³ģֽڣ֡
Ұ˳ֽħʬ뵽ƿռ֮Уɶǰʥʬ壬Ƴɵҩ֮󣬵Ҳһˡ
ħʬ֮󣬷Ұֳһͷ
Ҹط֮ħʥʬ嶼
βҪħɵǴʱطһ£ħʬϢƮƬħ嵽


645 սѪ
ҰЩźħ˳˯֮Уħʥϵ޷ˣе˷ѡ
Ұûͣǰ˸ݼȥѡߵλãڴ˴á
ħ壬ҪħɵҰһ׸߼¯ħʬͶС
ȸУҰֽ˿˿ƵĻ籾Դ֮Ʈ˳ȥ
һУҰ㲻ħʬ壬ֱԱ΢ʱ֮
ʱ֮еʥ֮еõһֱݷڷҰڣ޷Ϊá
ⱻ˳÷ҰԿڵһЩʱ֮ˣҪȫգҪС
ڷҰħĵڶ죬иħʥ˹Ǹħʥò͸һģһӣֻϷħ֤ȷʵһħ塣
СӣɱħֵܣħֵҪ˺㣡ǴŭݣƤϵƬ֣һڳǹŷҰɱ˹
ڳǹһɺ嫵ʥǹͷޱȣǿж˺ѿһϸ΢Ŀռѷ죬·ҪҰڵǿ򶼸̳һ͸
Ұˢһ˫ۣʧԭأ˲Ǵǰ

һ촫ҰıһԲԴеĳǹײǱǹļ֮ȫж絶նǸʥͷ­
ʲôӲʥǸȻǹһҰնĴĿȴһɴ˳ȥ
ϿʼðһƬƬϸܵƬƬϷɫħ⣬ŵصħ̧֣һŷҰͷ䡣
ҰԴ֮Ȼð⣬̫ȼŴʥδֵҰϾͱյĸɸɾ
ҰǸٳֶΣ˲䵽˴ǰſ³һ⣬˺ѿһĿռѷ죬Ӵӵͷ­һû
ޱȵ˵֣ԴȻըҫ񽣽̺޾ʵ÷顣
ҰΪ壬ջҫ񽣵ĽǱɫǹŲ˷ѵԭһŽǸħʬߵ¯֮У¯ƮɵĻϢŨˡ
Ұδü£ɫ΢Ŀ絶ɨԶǿգϸֳһĨǿҵս⡣
Ƭ֮󣬷Ұķɺ嫵߸˹ħڱεʧɫǳ޹⡣
Сӣɱħ壬ҹȻҪħϣǾɣһƬ޴ħŭŴԶٸͷһƽɢɵʥŷҰͷѹ
ҰһͷڷѹƮ裬ֳһһİţ˴ĺۼʮŸ֣ͬƵģǿն
ţһ´һϽ𣬸߸ڶʮŵϿգ»䣬ĽѹʥС
Ҫţ㣡ʱиħʥϵˣħʥÿһƬ϶һӰģʹģģ칷ġ
еӰħʥݣħʥֻ̧ƬɫѪÿһѪһӰ֮ϡ
һεѪҺܿͱӰգһõӰһӱʵ˷ŷҰΧ£˹ȥ
Ұһ߶öʮҹסµĻƽ񶦣һ߻һͷ񱩵룬ױڣΧһӰӳ˹ȥ
Ż𣬻ҵ֮ͬһӰӺɢڲС
Ǹħɫ΢΢ףҰĿȴ˷ܣĴеӵɱطȡϵ
ʱиħʥˣħʥͷһСɽĴӡһɳΡƣ˵ŷҰѹ䡣
ʥΧҰɫ˿䣬һһɫߡ
ߣܿͲɽӡɽӡ뵽Զ
Ұ²̤ͣһ嵽ǸߣٴλΪ壬нħӡħȥ
ƣŭһȭͷɫƬһҵеķɢķֱҰǵħӡ
䣡
ȭͷħӡһֱоеĹǵħӡɣҲħӡеĲȴоħӡеԽԽǿ
ڳܲסˣֱϵɫƬʼƬƬը۵һһɫѪ˺
ħӡٶȿ磬˲䴩գݺݵӡڻϡ
ϸֳһףӡǳͼǳ֮˴תŹʥӲ˷Ұħӡ
䣡
һĺ𣬾ϵʥΪ˴ǰĹҲ˺üλˣħӡҲڱȫȥ
Ұһϧڵħӡںȸ䡢Եޱȣǻûʥףһ¾ܽһ
ϧħĵ̫ˣиʥиʥһ١
ܴʣµħ幥ˣǸٿɽӡħңشӡӡϸֳаŹֵĺɫַһӡϡ
ҰʱоǧٱɽӡŷҰѹ䡣
ҰһΪɽӡѹ֮ǰ㵽Զɽӡѹһӿ
ͣ
һ𣬽ӡ˸ʿӰ֮ԼӰĤݣֱϮҰ
ҰٴλΪ壬ȭܵĶŽ˹ȥ͸һһǰİơ
ҰӦķǳħĴĵϣıֻڴ˻δʥеĳҲδɱʥ
ҰʥֻʥıҰû˿Ĺ˼ɡ
ﬣ
һȭ䣬һʯҰһȭǱҵȥǸħʥҲɫ԰ףŵŷҰ޷ŷҰȻӲһ
Ұ¶һĨЦ⣬һգԵ쵶УŽݺݵն˹ȥ

ѾĽҰһն飬һɰķ쵶˽ȥ쵶øˡ
٣ǸħʥܵɣɫħѪ˳ӿ˳ϢɢҲش
Ұ䣬ħʥΪ룬һŽƬʬߵǸ¯С


646 ʥ
ҰԡѪɱ¾ʥΧն˸ħʥʣħɫ÷ǳء
Ұаҡͷ⼸ʥȶԸǿİʥҪѶԸҪΪ⼸һװ͵ԶԶǿЩ˿Աȵġ
Ұħʬħ壬ϵ˻ħΧڵʱ֮ƿصĻ죬ǡÿԽħļսڵʱ֮
նɱǸħ֮󣬷Ұڵʱ֮һЩеҪڶսٶһЩתһǸɽӡٴγԼ˹ѱ
úãҰһǿŲֳһɽʥԳӰһΡۻƣ̤Ųݺݵɽӡ˹ȥ
飡
ҰһŽ̫ɽĴӡ߷˳ȥҰӡӴĵطжʼƬƬݣһӡ⻪һ¶һѺۣžͿСܿƵû뵽Ǹħʥڡ
ʥԳɽŲ̤ӣ
ҰŲ̤͵һʥ
סУҷźţٻƬˣһһ⼤ǿڲԶȻըһصԶ
аˣʡȥһһѰˣҰĿսųâǸӡħʥ˹ȥ
Ұȭȭͷ̺һ޵ɱ⣬ȫȭƷסգƵǸħʥòӲƴ
飡
ҰһȭǸħʥȭͷϣֱӽǸħȭͷֱ۶ǱʹƵģ롣
Ұ쵶ϣһǸħʥͷ­ն˳ȥɫħѪ˳쵶䣬Ұеķ·һħ
ҰһնȻ۾ڸոգĸоڵǹʱ֮ȫںһˣΪץסָҲ˲ʣǸħʥˣȫ񶼳˸֮С
ۼʥѾˣҰֹŹֵվУҲ֪Ұ«ʲôҩһʱ侹Ȼҽˡ
Ƭ֮󣬻ҰǸͣУ̲סҲʼ˻ɣѵС
Ҫ֣лЩ˼ɣΨַҰϵҰϵֲһʱѡ
תһӾͿѾ뿪ҰԶǶʮҹ
˼ƽϣֱӼƽ񶦵Ŷʮҹݺݵѹȥ
ˣ
ƽ񶦱⣬ǿնˣһºͶʮŸѹѿΪؾɢǿС
ɫϲ֪ҰھûҲˣӵķƽ񶦳ŹʥŷҰѹȥ
ڻƽѹҰͷʱ򣬷ҰȻ˫ۣһӿȵ͸ҲͷĻƽ񶦣ȭͷų񻪣һȭͷ

һն촫Ұһȭƽ񶦻˳ȥ⻪˸Сû뵽ڡ
пգҰԾһȭҲὫ񶦺ѿһȭ飡
ʱ֮ʥ¶һĨݣĿг˲ŵɫ
Ұڷ٣ǣȻڲУ·ƬصƵġ
ڸոգʥڵǵʱ֮ڵٴһ̨ף̥Ƶġ
ʥľ磬ܸʥľȣϸ˵ֻǾʥ͹ȵһ׶Σ㲻һľ硣
ֻҪǴʱ򣬾ǽ뵽˰ʥ磬Ϊø񣬵ȴö١
ڴ˴μս֮УҰɹڵʱ̤֮뵽˰ʥ磬ɱӾͻƵԲҪ졣
Ȼ󲿷ֹͶڷҰɹ˱˵ʥ٣һ˿ʱ壬ȡɵĳɷڡ
ĻҪʱ򣬿Ҳô׵顣
ҰǰĻ¶һĨĵЦݣ쵶߾٣ȫľ뵽쵶֮У޵е꼤
Ұ˶ǻһ쵶һδն䣬ǹĵƾѾ˺ѿһɿĿռѷ죬Ż˹ȥ
ɫ䣬ּ̧߰˼ȱʥŭ
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߰˼ȱʥһԱѰ𣬽Ƭնըıݣֿ񱩵ӿ
΢΢˿δһ³ͼһĨõĵݵ˹ͷն䡣
ϵǸϽʥԶͷһͷɢһɵʥס˻İȫ
ţ㿴˷Ұ˳нǱ쵶˫ĿɭȻЩȴ˿δ
ôܣ޷߰˼ȱʥԱ޷ԷҰκӰ졣
ţͷ˷Ұ쳣˫Ŀ¶ޱ𾪵ɫ
ֻҰ쵶ƶת̫֮ͬǰǸ޼γһƬŤĿжһߡ
ħеħôҲ᣿ĪĽк˳ÿħ嶼츳طӵеģʵ벻ּͨôڷҰϳ֡
ħ𣿺٣һղһȭĥģдڸĽ㿴ˡҰȻһЦе쵶ӿٶն䡣
ﬣ
ҰһնڻԴϣϽʥ׵ķȷӲĳһ˿
ʹҡЩɵԴϽʥһǹж˴룬ȻвԴϣðǡ
ߣҰһľüĳΪһϸ룬ֱ˻üʶ
ҺϽʥܹסȴ޷ס񹥻
ֱоʶдʹʶû֮С
ҰĬƵӡΪһϸľ֮룬ڻʶŰ˿
ĲҺţȫƬԴݺݵײʯײԴѪģ
ʱԶ߰˵ǿϢŴ˴ٿ˹ħա
Ұ΢΢üͷ̧йղǸħʥõɽӡŻݺݵȥ
䡭
ƴĺǼϽʥװһûڻڡ
Ұдӡٴ䣬ֱӽҳ˸Ѫںһ𣬳ˡ
ҰֽĻƽ񶦺ǸϽʥ׸˹еǣʥ׾ȻǸмʥѹַôǿ
ҰĽϽʥ׼һڣֺöɲŹ
Ȼ󣬷Ұֽ¯⼸ʥʬ嶼ƿռ֮С
ǻħеźţƬħ嶼˹ǲħʬˡ
ҰղһսҲĶ࣬һŲɵָľ˴ս׼


647 Ⱥħ
ԶǼϢƶϣЩҲǰʥʿҰھԲʱܹڰʥΧɱнǷɱʱЩħʥûжѹ
ۼиħʥ죬ҰһΪԴĴչ˲䵽Ǹħʥǰ
ǸħʥûϵҰٶô죬Ȼпٸֳһ޸
δеĳ޸ն䣬͸оһȻͿһϤͷʬĻų޸ոʶʲôõĺڰ֮С
Ұʥװʥ֮󣬻ӵ¼٣ֱ͸һƵģǸħʥûӦͱնͷ­
Ұ˳Ǳ޸ʬ壬ŵڶħʥ˹ȥ
ڶħʥ˸ղŷһĻ׷ҰǣæڰͣΣͷϸֳһ߲Լػڡ
ﬣ
ħʥոռ߲ͼϴһӰһֻնĲԴᣬС
ҰĹס˫ϵͬһԴʥƵģǵصǰ˹ȥ
Ұʥ֮ҲǿëԶԶȲʥˡ

һ󣬾һ𶼻㲻ʥзҰڵʱ֮ܣЩҲ
Ƭ֮ǰͱù⻪вʱܻľ
ţ㣡ħǸħȳ¸ֳһӣٶȿ쵽£Ŵ˴
ûаʥܴоˣҰ壬Ƴȭȭͷųһɺݺݵһȭ˰ϡ
һܿƵ뵽ǸħڣҰٴǰһһȭǸħ⣬ħѪȾǿա
ͬʱǸ̤ӵħҲˣӻһŹʥŷҰ˹ޱȡ
Ұȸɻ⣬յſصĸ£һͷ֮С
һӣӾͿʼཹཱུðݣӶЩ
Ǹħɫ䣬æӣŷҰȸɫѿ˵˳ȸϣ
̫֮ˮɣոոҰһӴ̫֮ˮͿɲҼٸҰӲӲˡ
ҰƲˣһ⣬Ǹħʥ˹ȥȽ
ʱһǹһʥ˷Ұǰɢһʥֱ˷Ұǰ档
ҰڰлһĻȣʥ˹ȥ˫ʥϽײʮ£ʥ˳ȥ
ʱ䣬ǸӵʥħҲ˺ħ岢վһ
Ǹӵʥħ忴˲Զħ壬ж˿ħ˵СĵϢȸٶ죬ҲȵʥˣӦû
ִʵħʥϲĺ˳ҰĿг˼
ۼħҲҪˣ˵Ҫ˵ҰΪ壬һ̫һ̫㣬ΪӡǰǸӵӵİʥ˹ȥ
һǹһټһһӡǰ棬ӡɢˡ
ǸӵӵİʥЦɱҺüħʥڹҲĵĲ˰ɣҵҪ㵽ֵܹʱ
ϻ磡ҰɫĮ˵һ䡣
Ǹӵӵİʥ˵ЩʲôĻȻɫ䣬ϵɫƬ˲䶼ֳһɵĲƶơ
䣡
һƵ촫ƵѱɫѪҺƮǸӵӵİʥնѪǡ
ߵʥعͷȥžͼһҰվǿУһ쵶ɫħѪ
ôôǿǸֳֳǹħʥüͷĿеļȥֳһĨء
ǵһ壡Ǹֳֳħʥ˳ҲоЩ֣ŷҰ˿ˡ
ʱ򣬲ԶħʥҲˣʥҰΧǿУÿͷ϶һʥǹӶȵȣһٴС
ȰΧȦͣҰֱӳſԼС磬һɽԶһԴɽͣ뺣ɽ籡ʣ缤أֹ֮໥ƣź嫵֮ʥ
Ұ̤ʥ磬ҪһҵսԼΪֱӽʥ£ڹΧ֮ڣһ˶ʥ
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һĺ𣬵ǹӶʥͬŭƵģڷҰСзŰʥƵ֮£ҰСбɽͣƷ󺣣˺ѵء
ɱ
ҰŭһСоҡ
һͷȴӺиֶɽһҧסǱŭŭлʥ壬أݡ
ţһֻƴСȸӻɽгһͷһͷŭĿУŭ趯ŭһͭ񶦡
ȻһֳֻΣԴĴչ˲ϢһŰĿǰһҧסȴһɫʥǹ
ţһͷ񿥷Ƿɫǧгÿһ̤Žһž޿ڣݺݵسҧסһͷһɫ
һɫߴɽг𣬾޴һŭһӲĽŭճһӡ
ִ飿ӵ컯еĴʵħʥͬʱг˲ŵ޷Ȼܹռִʵ
ִʵΪգҲԺˣҰЦͷֳʥֳ֮ƣٸϵһħʥǰʥն䡣
ִһ֣Ƭն׷סˣȻҰֵܹʱ䲻ҪնɱЩħ壬㹻ˣ
ǸħʥͷϸֳһϵĴӣȴЩȱˣʥȫδֵ¾ͱʥȥ
ǸħʥһĲҽžͱʥ飬ɢ
ҰҲһסħʥ쵶ն£ƿǸħʥնɱ
Ұ²ͣٳ嵽һħʥǰͷʥһƵģֱӽǸħʥҲ졣
ʣµħʥҪߣҰﻹŹǣеʥҲħʥɱ˹ȥ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ħʥҲعڤҰڴŴħʬǵıǱ·нչء


648 ھ
ҰһͷĽ֮󣬾ͽ뵽Լ֮У˫ϻָ
˫е쳣ĺ嫣֮󣬷ҰȬг㣬Ϊ
ħͱԼ˴಻ԶƬħħʥѾҰĲˣҰԺЩͼָŸı˹ȥ
ͬħıԴ֮ΪħǰȻսȺħսħȫնɱ
º󣬷Ұеħ嶼߰˰ˣм©֮㣬Ҳɲʲô
ȵħʥ壬ҰõʥʮѰ˸򣬿ʼ
һº󣬷ҰӵڶеõЩ϶˵ҩҰõƷɵǧöֽʥ϶뵽쵶֮У쵶תһλðһ㡣
쵶Ѿ޽ӽʥȵҰͻʥ;磬쵶ͿˮɵĳΪʥ
ȵЩ֮󣬷ҰǼʴʹٴηص⡣
Ұûи˵Լ¾ħ飬նɱħֻڵ飬ûҪ˭ꡣ
мսħʱѾʿˣͽﵽ˵֮С
Ұһͱʿ˳һҰĿж˾⣬Ҳв˵ǳɵһ˽˵ŷҰսħ顣
Ұնɱħʥʮˣеħʥ߰˰ˣǷҰףò˶ãħϹɱ֮
ҰҲһӾڴ˴ɱħ壬صĻʥԣ·Ϊ˸콾ģЩħȻ콾࣬Ҳܹ콾
ЩĥѶȥԺҪħսڻҵʸûУ
Ұصأ˼һ棬һµʱ䡣
Ȼ󣬷ҰŪ˸ӹſڣдų۵ҩϢ
ϹأϻȡһŵҩҲĲϻȡǲϾۡ
ϻ˸Ʒҩɵ̫廪ɵԪɵ
ϼеƷɵ۸ԶԶг۸񣬾峡֮󣬴˴
жѾ֪˴˴˸ͼ۳۵ҩģһʱЩвϵĶȿֺŷҰ
һЩɵĴ̼ҲǰȡҩȡҩĶоǳ⡣
߰󣬷ҰƵĽǧöɵһգõǧƷɵĲϡ
ңõıһЩưƷʥĲϣһЩĹȵȡ
ɵ꣬ҰһЩԼõģڵѹһϡвϺͿʯ뿪˵أ̤ϰ׹·
Ĺأء
֮󣬷Ұڳڵھ⡣
꣬Ұһ·¾ħʥɱģеħʥһˣһ²ɵɱ֮õʿҿ
ÿҰնɱħ֮󣬾ǿƵҩȻȥлȡԭϣ۵Ʒɵкüˡ
ڣҲҵƷɵĲϣһĸˡ
Ұɵ뵽˵˵Ǿ仰˵ǰƷɵԣǰҰ޷⣬Ҳˡ
ĸ߶ȲͬҲȻͬҰô󲻳Ǹʲô龰ģҲԺɵĽƷɵˡ
֮УҰӵĹһֱɱھŹأҲؾǶȲؾϾؾǾżϻҲؾ
۵ҩʱ򣬻мҵ׷Ĵ̼Ұ̸⣬ҰõҩȡϾȫ뵽Լ֮С
Ұ͵õ˫һϾϾѾҰ˺ĸɾˣ˫ûҹʹã졣
ҰҲ֪ħʲôʱѣȵħپѵʱ򣬾ҪϾźˣϾɲҡ
оżƶҰ͸оһͷ
ǰĵھأҰҵ˼˵ǵ֮ڼǰһ֮ʧˣδ˷֣ھоۼ콾ԽԽˡ
ھأǽΡ룬¥ʣ˰߲Ϣͬǿް̾ǿС
ϸȥ߲ĳǽϲµϢǽϲ˽ۡӡδսƵģض
Ұа˼ѵ޾֮ǰҲ˲ҴսɣǻʲôȼĴս
ھ˽ӴҰŽӴ߽뵽˵ھء


649 ǲ
ھԱǰֵö࣬ʿбȼֽ࣬쳣
Щʿǿ磬Ϊǵ֮ģҲвʿΪ˽֮ĥԼ
üŵֻ۾壬ͷŽɫǵĽ壬ϲ˹壬Ǵ̵Ĺâ壬ʿûʲô
߽Ұ쵽ھ֮оŷҰǣȥȺǿߵȥˡ
Ұɷ̫أ֮ʮ֮ڶ˸ҿҰҡҡͷƵӡԼɷȫ
ո̤ھأҰڵھػ̫˽⣬Ų򸽽һûʵĲ¥ǰ
¥Ұ̲ס࣬¥ʥبųľƶɣдУһɺ嫵
¥ʱʱһظӵķģݷһԿѹſд֣
Ʈ̺һ徲Ϊϵϣһۣ˸оԴ˸
֣Ұ·𿴵һʵӶھƷ裬һһϣΪһ塣
ʱһµŮŷҰ˹ϹһĨְҵ΢Ц˵Ļȴ䵭ޱȣλ͹٣벻Ҫﵲסˡ
Ұ΢΢üĵȲģӴ˵𣿡
ǸŮüë΢̲ĵĲ裬ͶʮϾһɲʲô˶ȵġ
ʮϾ𣿵ȷǲˡҰЦЦûŮ硣
˵ţһҲ⣬ͷһɵǣƱˡ
ĵɨ˷ҰһۣмĵʮϾӹһģҲȲ裿
ǸŮæӭ˹ȥЦ绨ĵĵԭİưӣʲôˣҪʮϾһ𣿡
ƸֶŮͷЦЦĵҵȥȲ裬ϧλѲÿ·
ŮĿٴɨ˷ҰϣϵЦʧһųĵλѣ벻Ҫ⣡
ҰǹһĨζЦݣĵҷ⣿ûǴĻĸɣ㲻ӴҶӴǺε
ŮüҪһۻɫȹŮæ˹סλŮŷҰһ񣬵룡֪Ҫʲô裿
ҰҲٸǸŮƽϣϹһĨЦݣۻɫȹŮѯʵûʮһϾ裿
ƽüһߣСӣǴҶŸˣ
ҰɨһۣĮĵôʮһϾ裬ǸŸˣ¥ҿģ
ۻɫŮ΢΢£ʶɨǸһۣСĽ˵ΪΣʮϾһʮϾһʮϾһԼһϾһģûʮһϾġ
Ұ˵ͷϾĵûоˣǾһϾһİɡʮϾһģҲ̫ˡ
΢УĿ˸ɱ޲ھͽҰնɱ
ǸۻɫŮλϽҰ˽ȥҰ˲¥һλ£վڷҰһֹӡ
ҲǸŮ˷ҰԱߵӣֽһָϣƵɨ˷Ұһۣĵȸ龧ϲ裡Ĺضװ£𰣬һϾ裡
˵ţֶŮһָ𰣬ʮϾ͵Сˡ
ǸŮæϲ̵Ľ˹ĵ˷ҰһۣŰƵ󷽣ԵȣͰȥ衣
ҰҡҡͷͷǸۻɫŮﻹûиõĲ裿
õģǸۻɫŮΪԼˡ
ϸֳһĨЦԱĵݺɱλˣ˼ҿҪõء軹Ҫõ裬ֻǵ֮ǲˣֵǧϾһأǲ֪λ͹ǿЦػҪأ
ҰܸɴĵǾһǲɡ
˵ţҰһָϡ
УװŪߡ
ǰƣҲһĨŵɫ¥ȲҲһĲţµĿŷҰ뿴ôġ
ݺŽɵָ¶һĨݣϲĵǲ裿
ҰЦŵͷȻҸ龧𣿡
ݺæҡͷĵǣӸ龧ȻˣԵȣͰ﹫ȥ衣ˣǷҪ¥ϹƷ裿
Ұ˰֣ĵˣҾͦõġ
һðסˣҲŵŷҰŻݺѯʵݺ˰ɣóǧϾ
ݺϹЦݣôأǧϾһϾ٣Ҫȥˡ
˵ţݺѾƮȻߵ˶¥
ɫ࣬죬ҪҲһǧϾһǲ裬ջһ͡
ǧϾҲòֻһǧϾһ裬ûµֵز
¥еʿ࣬Ƕ˿ҰЦ׼ˣû뵽ҰȻóǧϾһ裬оѾݳˣֱǰܼҰ
ɫҲÿߵһ¥᷿Ϊһ裬Ҳ硣
Ƭ֮󣬻ݺһӶ¥ңңŵһĲ㣬һƮƮɵĸоڴ򶼱ˡ
ȣղŰҪǺ͸׿ˮûʲôˡ
ݺ淽Ұһ裬뵵ĲʱƮ¥ŵ֮˶оһ̩ͨ
ɫĿԵγˮһ¶һúһ裬ʱһ㶼ûС
Ұ豭۾ƷһڣʱоһɴĲ֫ٺЩɷڣԼΪ
ò裡ǲ裬ȷһ㣡Ұ̲ס̾оԼǧϾòԩ
ԼЩɷԼΪ֪ҪѶõʱ䣬ǲ裬ܹʡһʱ䡣
һҧø֨죬һŭȴ޴ɷ
˾죬ЩʵĶŻݺСߵǧϾôˣֻõʮϾɣ
ҰŻݺЦЦóһƿݸݺлˣŵҩϾʱƵģ͸ˡ
ƿһŵҩߵãɢѤõĹʣƷǵҩеĻɵ


650 
ɵƷɵеļƷӾʿͻСļʡ
ݺӹɵæŷҰлոͻƵ磬ֻɵ˵ֵԹ
¥Ƭ̣ͳƷɵСѵģǻû
һŵҩͼֵϾˣ¥еŮǶĽŻݺڵĳӶˣԼۿ˵͡
ҪǣҰո˵Ͼ֮ʱƵģҲ˵ǸƷʦ
˵иǰ˸еͼ۳ɵˣ벻Ȼǰꡣ
ҲЩ֪Ұÿжͼ۳ɵҲڵھгɵв˶Ѿĥôܶܵɵȡˡ
Ʒɵ˵󣬷ҰĲںˣϵϾкüʮڣⵤҩ˵軹û
ƺ޺޵ĵŷҰһһĺ裬͸ţƵġ
Ĳ裡Ȼһ˷Ұǰϣʹʶűӡ
ͻȻֵˣҰ˫Ȼϳ˴˵ǵһмǸ
˵ʱ򣬴˵Ϊֻʦ硣ʱһ˱ֳΪֵ˾ڡ
ޱȣҰҲ͸˵ʵΪʲô磬ֳֻܿΪ÷ҰӸоɲˡ
ҰüëЦѲϲȾôܵ¥ˣ
ĿֱŷҰеĲ豭Ծ˿ҺشȥȾƵģ·ſڣŵ˲㣬ͽˣ軹㣡
ȣ㡣ҰȻЦЦٴóָϣŻݺ˵ͷһ
¥ʱȻǾڣҰı飬ֲ죬ҰȻǲ裬˶еš
ݺָٴ¥Ƭֶ̣һǲ
ŷҰֱˣүˣȴӲƳȥˣܡ
ȵݺΪⱭ裬ȲĶ豭۾Ʒһڣ̾ò裡öûȹˣ
ݺɫһŹ֣ô˵ѵȹǲ𣿿ӣôǺȹǲӰ
ҰȻҲﻰе˼üëһֱ˵ѯʵѵǺÿڸϴκʲôʱˣ
ʱ̫ǲඡҡҡͷƺڸпꡣ
¥е˶ҡͷûĻ
ҰƷǲ裬ɲˮںڵɷЦھأҲΪ˼֮𣿡
۾һɣϻ֮˭Ҫϧ֮Ѿͨ飬Ҫõ֮⣬ʵ⣬ҲǷǳҪġ
ҰΪȻĵ˵ͷѡЦҵ˻˵лܹõö
̸ʱ򣬲¥еʿҲ˹˴Ҳ̸ֻżĿӹҰʱĿеֻȵǺΡ
Ǻַˣ콾ħÿ춼оս˵ħ岻֮û˿Ϣ
콾ħۼڻǺǺ޾Ҳ˴ϣڵĻǺΣյĵطʥȥкܴ䡣
ڻǺܹӳ̫ǿˣ˵λ콾¦Ĳˣ𣡡
Ľҫʹ쳶ԼƵİʥһΧǼƵİʥնɱֻʣ½ҫ쳶ˣǱ뵽˻Ǻ
ĸ콾迪ڻǺ˺üˣ츳طǳ⣬Ѿ˼֮Ϣ֤ʵһ⣬Ҹһ·սų˻ǺĽ½
½ʥҲƶϲκζǼ֮ʲôط滹ǣʥҲȫˡ

һϢҰ֪ǼɻڻǺ֮УǷĲ١
ξרΪ˼Ѿ˵ȥˣǾ̫ʧˡ
ҰǺǲ裬ʱоȫɷתԼΪҽΪķǳȹ̣÷Ұǳ⡣
һǲ裬˫ĿЩڴŷҰҰ˷ۣߵǲĺܣһʾͲˣҿɲܹȱ
ջĿ⣬Ĩ˰ӣ𣬵ûоվʹ˱ջټ֮ʱ
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653 ػ
˺󣬽㳡дҰҰ
ҰҰԣһεѹԶ˲òٴκˡ
ҰθߴΡ룬ͨħҪߴö࣬ɫƬŰɫĹ⻪վһԽħɽƵġ
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ҰҰս죬ԶѾǸ㳡˳ȥֻܿһһҽ棬ÿһײضɽҡ
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䣡
˽ֽٴΣٴǿƶԺһ֮˽Ź㳡ңң
һǿ񱩵ʧؼָԶŴػĹ㳡ÿӿݡ
Զڶħ콾һһֱ͸ͷαƵģǵʵնɱѰİʥԶɱ
Ұ˫Ŀ絶ĶҰȭͷϱѿ˿ڣźҲѿ˺üӣʺѪҺ䣬˿ڿ޸š
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Ұֳһͷ̤׹ⱼڵ룬ɫڣŭХһû뵽˷ҰڣҰһɻصϢٴӭҰ
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飡
ƵȺҰϷһ⣬ҰϷһϹ⣬ʥ˫Ĺȫ߽⡣
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ҰڸոգظӦһɲе
ҰԺһѿڶػףػ׾Ȼϣ
ҰһԶڶǿ߶ը˹迪ж˺⣬һЩħҲһš
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ҰҲû뵽Ұô͵ԼܣҲη壬Цػ׾ϣƣҵķƲڣ
ƣҵҪԣҰһȭͷϹâǧֻɫ⻪ԶɫĹ⻪ҲһתҰɱ˹ȥ


654 
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Ҫսսϻ࣡Ұһ絶һѪĵâֶݺݵնҰ
Ѫ磡ҰŭһֳһƬѪɫ磬ҰΪһ壬ƥâѪ֮УѪ˷˼£ͽǵâڸɾ
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ҰֳһƬ磬һͷŭ𣬴һţǧ븹У
䣡
ըһͷͷõѪɫ޳Ұ
Ұɫ΢ƬѪ·ҰΪһƵģղҰѪڣʹը飬г˳
ֶ÷ҰоЩϤ΢һ룬ֶθڤħبħЩƣǻһƬħԼΪһ壬һ壬Ծ˫
ԿĹޣҰ̫̫㣬һӡ
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ҰоԼڵĴںܵѹȣҰڵĺ綼ĸ˳ȸ䣬ߣִΧźŭȫֿܵĴѹ
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ҰĴ𣬷ҰоΧѹԽԽǿѹķҰڸ֨죬ѾҪԼܹ֧ŵļޡ
ҰŭХһҡһ䣬ͱ˸Դչأնһѹ˵Ĵ־ȴʼ޷
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ҰϿʼ͸Ѫ飬Ө͸һſźƵģҰϵɫȫȾ졣
ҰΪǿ̫ˣ˲ʱ򣬶Ҹǻսϵϵľˡ
ҰסʯĴ۾г˵ǡ
ζԾҰ÷ҰоƣҰǲ£ȴȫȲҰΪࡣ
ֶΣҰоԼҰҲвСĲࡣ
ҰִʵеȸѾõĴУǾִ飬Ҳ޷Ұĵ
뵽ҰԣҰ̲סڻɣԼδȫ⼸ִУִܹ֮飬ӦҲδõĴС
ΪִѾˣȣ̫ˣֻǱһʥ似ҪǿһЩ
ִԵıԴޣ䴫֮Уܽǻǵô򵥣
˼䣬Ұ֨죬ѿѺۣ궼űΣա
СӣɣҰϵıܴ޾Ĵ־ŷҰѹ˹
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ﬣﬣ
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ҰΪɱȸյõҫ񽣽ʱҪöܹ࣬ӳĽҲǿ
ңҰΣȫƣͬһۡסķâ
ͣ
ҫ񽣵ĽҰǰ˺ѿһѪڣǴػ׼ʱסһܹҰΪˡ
Զ˾
ҫ񽣵Ľ̺ӿ纣·̺һϵѹѹ˶˲𷴿ͷ
иֳķģƷһǰδеҫ񽣵Ľ࿹⡣

һ½Ѱ𣬲ķı˺ѿһ޴Ļڡ
ţķĶʧӰ٣İŵĴҲȫǰ
͸һӿĻ⻪ĳ
⣡
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΢£˷ܵĴһȿֺ˹ȥ
ȡü⣬ȡͷҰħ˸޸ܴ壬ݺݵص˷Ұһۣһͷ֮С
ػȼĴҸãҰһû뵽˴֮С


655 
ףйŹ֣ʯͷҰȺĽ뵽˴֮Уսȥ;ɵ˵˳
Сĵ㣬Ҹо»ҰͷִڲǬ
Ǵĸ֣ĿռȴнǧС
ĸӲӵ·ڳһƬƵģεѡ桢軡ϹĴޣÿһ̵ΩΩФƺʱ
ŴƬŨĻʹǶԿеĶֻܿĸӣ޷֪ǵļںη
еʿڴѰҪȱ˸ҵǵ⡣
ҪڻϢĿռҵǵ⣬ɲһɵ飬ʿʼʩչطǼ䡣
迪üֻͫų貽⣬ȫż䡣
иͷʿзһŹֵڣڴл첻طż䡣
ʥսʹ쳶ԺֳһŰ׹⣬ʱɢ˿˿Ƶɫ⻪ɢĻҪҳڲͬһ
Ľҫܵһƣܵĵ⻪Ҫҳǵ⡣
ʿչֶΣҪǰ潫ǵˡ
ֻǧ﷽Բ˵ľѹڣ޷̽еľ
ʹطҲֻѰɵķΧǼԣ̶ĳһλá
Ҫҵ⣬Ҫ˲С
ʿѰʱħʿҲʼطΧ
̫˫Ŀ˸̫֮⣬⻪֮ΧĻϢɢڴпƶš
ϸֳһգҼϸֳһ£½ԣĻϢΪ徻һš
ܻһƬƣǹ㣬ʱ͸һǹû뵽ĻϢ֮УδɢȴڴԼĺۼ
żħβŸصħƣҲط̽Ŵе龰
ͼͷֳԸĹ˫Ŀȫϣʶڴ߶ţͼ֮ѰŴе龰
תͻϸӦΧĴ֮
ʥȫ͸һַǳ鶯ĸо·䣬ȫմںһϸӦŴκһϸ΢ĵط
Ұɴֳܸػ׵״̬ȫ˸ŽӲӵ⡣
ſػ׵ʵĿػͨ˸ŽӲӵĹâÿһƬƬָֻ׸ǴСÿƬ϶˸صĴģһֺسϵԴϢ
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ʯ˶ʼչֶѰ⣬ҰڴſڴţЩŷҰѯʵ֣㲻Ѱ𣿡
ҰصЦЦѾԣרҵˣҲôշģҵǰЩ׼
ڸոգҰѾһƵӡסΣֳƶ˴ſڡ
Ǻ˳֣ǼҲôȡģǼҪߣǵſǡþܹݴ͡
ʯʹգ˼۾֣ұΪѰ棬ֻ۾ܱ˸ҳ⡣طڶ࣬˵ܹҵ⣬ǧܴˡ
ҰͷųһɫʣŸĻϢ
ʯ´һֵĵĴ޺ñ棬þˣһľĸоⲻްɣ⵽ǸʲôĴΪϻӡޣ
Ұ΢΢üͷͲˣЩ죬߾裬СӦ
ʯͷ뵽ղŷҰҰսĳ棬̲ס࣬ŷҰѯʵ֣벻ϾȻڣǾǼ⣬ûܹùˡ
ҰҡͷЦ̫磬ӵеֻһ񽣵һؽ⣬ɲңҵΪҰҪһЩħʣµҲʡ͵ĵƣҪᵽ⣬ѶȿɲС
ʯŷҰ˴ĴָЦûõֱˣҿ㣡
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ˣ
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Ƭ̵ʱ䣬еĻϢʧһɶȫڶһĻ⻪֮С
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ಣಣಡ
һӰٵس𣬶ҪרС
ţ߿յ˶׹һɫףʵŭ򣡡
˵ľһӵŽͨľԲʿϳ岻ɾͱѹ
ǰʥ嵽ǧɸ߿ҲԼǰ˵ȥ׽ɸ߿еļˡ
Ȼָͨİʥ˴۵ʿв˶ǰʥеٮٮߣвӰǵ⿿
ʥսʹ쳶˫趯ž޴ѹ𣬿ٿǵ⣬˶Ҫ졣
ʯһ֣߷߲ƽĵˣҲ̫ռˣ
δ䣬͸оһ磬ҰѾһͷȥٶȿ쵽¡
һˡʯҡͷĿһգգĶǵ⡣
쳶ǵ⸽ǧɵʱһҫ۵Ľâ쳶󱳴һʺѪ׵ëմȾѪҺ
쳶ļʱһ¾ܽն
쳶΢˲ӣ˫ĿɱȻź󷽵迪ŭ迪㾹͵Ϯң
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쳶嵽Աߵ迪ִ̧һ֮⣬һսìֱ迪ĺġ
迪ȱ£ٴα޺޵ĳ쳶쳶ȵ˼±ϣұɱ㣡
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һɱأ쳶˫Ŀŭ˿ãչҲǵ˹ȥ


656 ֮
쳶ٶģǲĻǵһϵǰˡ
迪һϣƵ쳶òÿѾ˸ˣ쳶Ҫõ⣬ϣͷǳãˡ
ΪЩ쳶迪ǳԹޣ޲ھ
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ֻּʱȴһصӲɢˡ
ŭĻعͷͷŭң
ϵħ֣ߵֻһţȷƬ½еġȡߣҪʲô
ȫ޲˺
ʱһŵϢĽɫ񷣬ٵǵĸҲ˲øһŽµ߷˳ȥƻ
ҰҲ˺󷽣һĻ̲֮ס
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ھ޴ǰͬΪħ壬Ҳ˴˲ٸ
ǰԽԽˣǹ⣬˲嵽ǵǰ
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ʥƽҪץסʱʥһӱУĹȫϡ
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Ұֿ˻ЩħΪ˼⣬ҲʼҪǷǲź档
ȻҰһΪһŲһǳ޾ĻϢ
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Ըʱռ䣬ֱӽǵը˳ȥԸٴλۣΪһ챦ƿǵ
Ұŭһҫ񽣵ĽһնǸƿϣֱӽԸ۵Ĵƿ顣
ҰǵѾ˼ǰһ˼ϣҪ뵽ƶ֮С
䣡
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濴һͷţƵģϳŴӲëͷ­ϻ˫ſڽһʹİʥһֻ˺ҧ
񻢣ëסȫ滢㣬гŷݣβ泤ƵĳһʥϣǸʥ˺Ϊ롣
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Ϲ׸˶еһľΪѾڷŴڸȥˡ
ˣ
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һħʥǿһɫʥǹݺݵش˹棬ʥǽȴĿࡣ
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Ұϳ趯ڵƬնǵ⿿
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ղžڲǹ⣬ǹգʱֱӽˡ
ûüˣһβͺݺݵس˹һӳеϣֱӸѿǵٴγԶ


657 ͭ
Ϊ󼤷Ǽ˼ζٴζ㵽ɸ߿ա
˫ǹⶼ۳˻棬˸߿ǵ⣬ŭ·ėȥ
ղǗ軴طͷųǵ⡣
һգһǹսꪳУžͽȫǹתȫ۵Ǳս֮Уʱһɺ嫵ʥ˿ͷ軹ɱ˹ȥ
ͻżⳤȫëŨܣӻҪβȻգеսײһ
䣡
һƴĺеսȣһӱֶԶһɫ棬أԲѡ
ţ軾˵ߣһצţعĶ˲ź󷽵ɶȥƬɫѪг뺧Ȼ
һĻ˶øεѣղϹɱѰľԲҲֻЩˣûиоϹжڗһоͷıһвҪ˶еһͷƤ顣
Ҫ֪Ѿ޽ӽʥ߾ˣ׵ľܣ˵Ϲ׼пܶʥߣ
ʱҲûٸҳɸ߿ȥȡǼˣ߿Ž򣬵ǶĴȴûӰ죬ǳϸ߿գ͸ѶĴ޵Ĺɱˡ
ȺŰϹףҰϹ׶ʥߣǵδȫӳǵȫգûһ˿ѣɱϹף
ʱ򣬷ҰɵСҲô鷳ˡ
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ҰͭĴ۾˸Źħ⣬ȵϹǱҪնɱģϻ˵͗ħʣǣ˭ǸϹ֮ǰȥ⣬첻ȡ⣬ҳȥ֮Ҳضȫնݣ
Ұ˵գɨ迪һۣĻ繥ɱ˹ȥһ־ǹ˿
Ұ֣̫ʣµħҲŻ͗軹ɱ˹ȥ̫֮ҫϢصͼ֮Ƶħ½˸ǹתʥ鶯
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ʣµĵھ콾Ҳ޹ɱ˹ȥҰͽʯӦţʹ쳶Ǹý껹һЩİʥһΧѡ
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˵ԳأӵܹɣõӦгˡ
Ұּ̧ҫ񽣵Ľ⣬һĽ⣬·Դ̴ʮأ˲ѿг˹ȥ
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ҰеЩ֣ѵĹ̺ʥʱھϾͲЩʥȵģҪնɱѣɲô׵顣
ңҰоڵѾͨʥôˣʥ֮УҲַǳˣǶԸ̫ˡ
𣡡
ʱͷĻ緢һţԲȻըҰħˡ
Ұ΢΢üͷִ̧һֻɫȸſֲĸ£Ǹѹɱ˹ȥ
ʹţһڽȸУҰ͸оԼͷȸϵһʧˡ
ʱ䣬Ұٴμҫ񽣵Ľ⣬ȸĺ󷽳뵽ѵĿУоԼϵҲ΢࣬ٻиӦ
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ʣµİʥҲʼȫͷѣ⻪ըըһ
ͣ
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淢쭣ҧ˺üʥȴҲǿ֮ĩҫĵƸɨͷ­ϣֱ迪ͫԴϣҲɢȥ
䣬ǵصĴһȥʱܱӡ
˶΢΢£ͲԼͬŲ˹ȥעȫǵ档
Ҫż⶯ֵʱʼҡǷ˵Ƶġ
ꡭ
ѿ޴Ĺѷ죬һ״̨ͭӵڶӡصİԷģÿһλһģ͸һŨϢ
һڹײģиϵİʥ𾪵˵˳
˶δ𣬰״Ĺײģֱδţ
Ĵػ壬Ϊ˲šͭΪף֮컯ͼһʥʥߣ
˶еһͷ飬ֵȼǿߣֻڴ˵֮УͭڵλδȫһСֶξɱˡ
һ֣ƴ󣡡֪жһ˳ȫ΢󷨹˹ȥ
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ҰǵУɫ⻪һӾͼ뵽ƶ֮С
˶£ͼҰǵֱʧУҰǻһͷ˲ʧߡ
ʯߴҰĴӣȻصھأԺȥ㣡


658 ۳ʥ
Ұ˼⣬һס
ҪˣͷĻɱ
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ȻһŹֵķŴӰͭгɨ˷ÿһŶų޾ââ£鶼һѷɻңȫɵһɶ
˶ûɢҲ˲÷½еĸΣˣƴ·
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ڶǿߴӷ½г֮Щ£֪ͭеһʲôĹ̥
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ħİЩǱǿͣ˵Ŀⶼͼ
ͨϹͼ޵ԸǵĹѰˣӵŲ˼ĹЧ
΢΢ü¶һ˿ɻɫɵҰϢȫʧˣ·û˴ڹƵģ˶ǸƬƵģҲټ
˵Ŀ־ۼͼϣͼεĵԸӰ϶һصĹԼмصԼ֮С
˵ɫǳĵĵȥСӾͰѼ뵽֮ˣʱɱǼҲòˣ
ղѾץ˼⣬ϧȴ軸ɨˣġ
ҰȻҰϳ˼⣬ȻҲôȡ˼⡣ں˼⣬Ҳɱϵ
ʥɫЩ԰ףѯʵͼû취ҵҰҪҵɲ˵˵ܹġ
ҰһĨħƷѪĵǾɱھأŷҰ
ħԣ϶һĨŨ𾪣ÿ˵϶ֳһ˼ɫ
Ƕ˲֪ˣһ۽ëǿյģҰ֪ʮа˾űҰҪϵھأ֪Ұϻܣ
̫ĵҰӣǵھؿɲôöġֲǲ֪ǰʮ֮УÿһضкüʥػиʥѲߣҪǣжǲ֪ĵ̡Ǽʵȥ˾
ҰĵɨһۣߵǼƲ˵ھأټħЩʥߺʹʥأħҲдʱ֧Ԯ˴ħѹھǷܹסҰ
˶Ȼݣͷĵӣͱˣֱ˵ɣСϳǱִʵ֮⣬׻ʲô
ҲӣЩûõˣ˵ȻЩʥߺʹʥǲֵġ
ҰɨһȦһһٵĵƶϣ
Ұ䣬˶кüһ˳ƶȻˣΪλ챮ûзӦ
ҲŪģҰƶ˲˼⣡Ϊ˻챮ûзӦ챮ʲô⣬ƶʲô⣬ǾͲˡҰ˵˳
񽣵Ľ⣬ִʵ֪Ƿļ⣬ټƶٺ٣ǴʥҲ޶ԡȻǾɱھأƳҰɱ˸
ħ˴ԼħܷϢڻǺеȺħĵ
˶Ұʱ򣬷ҰѾһûĿݼ½ţ²ƣ뵽Լ֮С
ҰѾȫͣ½棬ֹ򶼿ʼ໥ݻĴҲ޼ˡ
Ұһ⻪˸ƶ֣Ե쵶֮С
ҰһеƶĶƿе쵶Ͷ뵽ƶ֮Уյ̫ƶ֮ȼƶͻ
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쵶õ֮ɱһʥҰǡҪ쵶Щħħ·⣬Ⱥħĵ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ʮɫƬħͳڷҰУǸħƷ͸һɹӿǿѹ
һħ촽Цӳﻹиһڷܱһˣ
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ȻҰ̫һɱŽʯɱ˹ȥ̫֮һӵס˽ʯĴӣǵصŽʯɱ˹ȥ
Ұ΢΢üͷʯˮƽ֪һİʥǿһЩȴ̫ࡣ
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ҰĴһƵӡסԼϢսг˹ȥ
ף¥һǸòϵиɷվҰڵա
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ǷҰܹϳǸǲʥ
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Сӣòϵظһ䣬ɫ΢˵Ұ
ʥϸֳһĨЦͷħָյҪСӳҪǲãħصʱ䳤ˣҲ뿪ڻվսʱ򡣡
˵ʥͣ£ֵСڵˣħ²ôˣ»֪ʲôʱء
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ξͻиˡǸ̾Ϣ
ʥƽĵս綼ᱬģеڶ콾ǰҲáε飬²ôճ󣬹Ҳֻܿվ
ĿƵĵȻַܹҰħҲϳҲ߲ˡ
ʥĿҲתƵ˷ҰǱߣĵħĻ״ʥĪˣмħʥʧ٣ƾŻʥԼҪֵˣ
˵ʥֵħôʵ̽ԵĹЩҵھصжٵƵġ㷽Ұ棬ħǵĸ߶Ҳױ¶һƴΡ
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ʯͷԸмĿ⣬ɫϲеҰˣ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ͷңһˣ
Ұ֪ħߵΪԼϵƶħ嶼ĺɱԼ
ҰѾסԼϢݣҪ͵͵Ļ뵽ھ֮У֪ȴ̫Ҫնɱʯ
ʱҰﻹ˵õôֳ࣬һ̫ǵ߽ˡ
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ǿϢȫŷҰ˹ȥҰоһɺѹòȫתܿƵĳˡ
ʱҰܵһɺ嫵ӵھиֶӹʱܵһ崺ĸо
ҰͷȥǡüʥԼ΢Цոǲʥֿסħѹ


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ʥҰҰ¶һĨõЦݣɱ⾪죬ĵħ岻ɱ
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ڶ๥ȫǸȻɫ棬Ǹһȴ޷ƿǸ֡

ϿʼһһУÿһжһǿħȫ档
Щסħ嶼ʼҽɢһɹɾĻ籾Դ֮ǸȻɫ˽ȥֶøһЩ
εħ嶼ǳУһнǧħʧȥΪһѶѵĿݹǣڵھ档
ɶ񣡲㲻˵ΪλõھصĴ󣿡ʥıףŭ֮ڵھϿա
ʥ̲ĵҵȷûвְھصĴҲҿƵģҿûΥղŵЭ顣
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һĲϵ룬ǶɫĻԽԽ󣬽ǿնյͨͨģΪ۵ħ˹ȥ

ħһĲҽЩħϵħ⻤ָ͵סֻȼգ赲Ƭ̣ͱǿ񱩵Ļ˽ȥȼȳζͽζƮ˵ھ⣬һħʬ嶼׹ڰС
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Ӹ߿ȥһӵħţ·ͨڤƵġ
ŷŵĳͣÿһħ嶼ԼģһħѪʶ£ȴ£ڰл۳һѪɫĹŹַģڶħĴа˷ơ
ţӵھЩʬиֳһɹصǸѪɫϿջۣ·˷ӡʱ֮ţһɺ嫵ѹӲ֪ʱкХħлۡ


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ħѾħе飬һҲӵѲıħٻħ롣
ŲʥĻ£ھħЩ仯һǵصȼţյͨͨģϵŤΡ
ھǰȫһýħ嶼յķǣЩȱʥյĽѣǿһĲҺ
ţǿŰĻһ𣬻иֳһһޱȵķģڰвϵķ裬ʼϵ飬͸ԽԽǿ
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ſһӳҵףմ˽ǧɵգħ壬ȫҺ׹ȥһӲΪҽ
ħͱԴЩڽеٻħʽʱͣסˣܹӦһǿݷ
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һĻھеʿɫͷղŵǶĿУû뵽ȴħʥ͸סˣǻħҲٴοʼת
סĻԽԽеزҲԽԽǿħϿնһħס·ʲôǿĴҪѳƵġ
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669 ħŽ
ʥĻõھе˶΢һĿɻҰǵȷ벻ͨħΪΡ
ʥĿӵھеɨĮĵ˵Ұпܻвħ壬ħŻ᲻ϧһеҪδɳ֮ǰɱ
ԣϵɫЩŹ֣еŲʥԣеȴš
ЩŲʥԵģһĿж˸Բ²ⷽҰϻʲôħ嶼Ķ
ʥֵңħѹǽˣĽȥˣԺʲôǿ֮㣿ǰ˽ȥΪǵħͻ뿪𣿡
ʥĻõھе˶𶯣ȷͬʥԣڽҰȥǸħҲװ֡
Ҵǣ𣡡ǵħھ˵̸һɺ嫵ħ·ԽʱնֲŮڵھ춯
δ䣬ħǿлߵķǳÿһ£ǿԽһƵģߵ档
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һɺ嫵ΰ·ӳƵģݺݵڵھǵ档
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ħʱжһв˭Ҳ֪ھصķֶܹã·һ̾ҪƵġ
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ħǰ̵Ĵ˵ھǵɫϣɫִһɼ޿ײħֱʿԺС
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ʥһסǵɫ׹⣬ɫ׹ҲԳ˱壬һľ޴鳣ɵƣɫս֮γĳصӳɻԡ


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ħôصҲԤϣҲû뵽ô࣬ħжһѹֵա
ոħûܹƵھصķħŽǵĹֱֵҲûտԹƵھصķˡ
ʥĮݣǾһӶڵھ֮еͷڹάַǸ֣ȵھ֮еϾǻεֵħĲ
ħȴ˲أʥзǳķŭֻҲûܹƵھصķˡ
֪ھҪϾ֧ţȴ֪ھеϾ֧ŵʲôʱų༤
ʥɫ䣬ȴѽп಻
ȷͬʥԣھؿĵϾ̫ˣû뵽ħĹôǿǼڵϾ
ھܵϾӴҲģħϵټȥµھҲ֧Ų˶ˡ
ҪǵȵھжڻϾϣǵھؿɾҪˣʱеʿŻ
ʥϹŵЦݣҵھ֧ŵʱȷޣҲ֧ŵ⼸ħĸɾȻħǾͰ̵ɣǡÿԸ
ʥɭЦǺãħɣ˺ǳɱ
ǣѹѹħȣѹǿ𶯣糱ˮ˺ھǰ˳
Щħ幥˴죬ȫھصķ赲棬ѱһӻ𣬶ڵؿݺݵشɱ¾һԷйڵŭ
ʥħ巽ĵħϲβɳʥ͵Ϯɣ
ʥŭߣħֻʱģݣħʥͻм͵Ϯ󱲡
ʥĵֻǸѣʥðȻ֣ҪĵϾҲȻῪݵħ󣡡
ʥɭȻʥ֣߳Ҳħ֮꣬ɱ
ڻʥвʥûзϣƴھأرշ󣬳ӭУ
ھķ̵һûһϢǿʿӵھгڵھڱ
һʮСӿʼۣɰСӣÿСӶһʥӣܿվ˶ΣֻǸħȣȴԵһȺɢ¡
Ұ͸ʯСվһ𣬷ҰΪǳǿ󣬱ʥֱӷǸСӵĶӳ
һսʧ˭ȥ󣿡ʥĿɨеʥ
ȥҰӦȴʮλʥһӦҪȥħ塣
ʥĿڶʥ֮ɨһȦһüĿİϣЦ̣һսȥɡΪƣ쿪ʤ
һսʥû÷Ұ֣ħΪ˷ҰʥҲΪҰ̽̽ħĵϸ
ͷƮȻٳŽϳʣһɫ⣬УɢĹ⻪ͬˮƵģá
Ұϳ꣬ǵڽ½мǸ꣬޽һ񽣳뻯ս졣
ҰеǱ΢΢һ̵쵶һ㣬ı
ʮ㣬Ҳϰʥϣͳ̶Ѿʥֻǻȱһʥϡ
콣ڴˣĸħͷ̵ޱȣгһֱĹ°˷
ȥ̵δ£ʹħֱӳ˳һŲһֺգһŲһ£ħ죬˲䵽̵ǰ


671 ʤ
ħն㣡Įޱȣµһֺгһͷ̫Žڣչٳ̡
ɫ䵭еɫŽͻأХһƬɵĽӰͷ̫Žڡ
̫Ž͸һյӴٽ壬һֻֻС͵̫ŽڣӽӰ϶гٴ̹ɱ˹ȥ
ɫ䣬еĹӳâ͸һĽ⣬ÿһһͷС͵̫Žϣһֻֻ̫Žڶˡ
µĺպ¶նΧת̫̫֮֮໥㣬·ıԴƵģתų̡
гХ˸۳һΪһ޴񽣣ӭǵ
¡¡
дŤΣ񱩵ϢӲ
ֿ̺ŶԷеսֱ񷡣
ղǵĽֶ̽ԵĹԶԶδʵ
ǷֱӪ״ν棬غ˫ʿҪƯƯӮһ˿⡣
ȻͬʱˣٵŶֳ˹ȥ
¸һһնо˿˿Ƶ»ˮ
ǵ»Ĵ䣬΢΢üͷ̧еĳȴ뵽֮Ƶģ»ӳơ
ն񷣡һгųһ貵ĽâЩ»޷κӰ죬âֱϮ߿յһ¡
гһͷãֻһһӳһ̫֮ĥǵâ
г趯һһâղǵâһγһĽâһХ֮ϡ
ֻ޴ſڣһҧסǵâһɹɼɬĿ֮֨
¡¡
Ľâ߽⣬ǵƥĽâҲնһ档
âһӽһ˳ȥǵâҲʧǿС
ת컻أһܵĺպѸٳ𣬸Ұ죬̫Ժ¹⻪˷һֺ嫵ʱתеĻƬصƵġ
պ»µ罫ֱڣһɹɺ嫵֮ӿ̡֮
ʢ̵䣬еĳ趯л۳һĵÿһ궼͸һɹĽ⡣
ţת̺֮޾ɱն˵ɱŸ硣
ɫޱȣĵƾСƲҵķ
죡䣬˾һƵģһǶɫϵĻƬƬ䣬ͬһУںպµз裬񱩵
¡¡
ƬˣýɵĻҲľɢС
̻ɱһ͵ƴɱ
ͣ
̵ĳǰһۣɫѪҺ͸ƬĿġ
飡
պݺݵӡ̵ǰһӻ˳ȥǰһƬɫԵࡣ
ԽսԽͣܿϾʹҲʣҲֻƤ֮ˣû˼
ﬣ
Ȼһ֮гһɫɭɭ˸һɫķģٶգһӽеĳס
ţһֺ֮ٴγһɫħмŻɫɹģԾ˻˹ȥ
̵ĹڽϣϧһҲҪסеĳҪء
һȫųһĨ貵âһӴԭʧһɫ񽣣һӭ˻˹ȥһǰ
䣡
޴ĺڰײ񱩵
˽ֿԶܵ˼صƣȾѪڴϢѣϢǳɢҡ
˵ĴսԽԽңÿһȥѪҺŽط񷶼ĳ׿񱩣Ҳ˺ۡ
ڣ˸ԷǿһӲӲӰٵɶأ·׹ȥ
ھغħǱ߸ԷɳǿߣǷֱصԼӪ
Ѿԣʥеһƶ뵽̿УúԶܹŵһ㴼ľζ̵ĺҲƽ
ܿ죬̱˫ۣŲʥиУ
ʥ¶һ˿ЦݣһսδֳܷʤҲֲ㡣ȷΪطֶܹ࣬ƽҲûǵھضˣ
Ųʥмĵ˵ͷԱߵǿлָȥˡ
ʥĿҰϣҰֱվ˳һضҪնɱһħŰݣ
ʥ𣺡˭ȥҰ
ݣ󽫽棬ħ屾Ϊ˷ҰҰ󣬻ʥȥҰ
ȥն˴ʮʥһŭ˳һ˸ս⣬ҪҰն¡
Ƕ֪˴Ϊ˷Ұ֪ҰıǵòƶҲܹõ˭˺
ҰȻҲЩ汾£սѾһʥˡΣȥɣҪն˷Ұʥгɱ⣬õھ¶ȶ½üȡ
ҰУȻ


672 Ծ
ҰҪſսһˣΣݣѱھ⣬ħƣħ֮г˳ȭͷħ˸ֱϮҰš
úãҰһųâƳȭȫĹâ۵ȭͷϣʲõɱ˹ȥ
䣡
ȭͷһ𣬷һ춯صĺײƵģ嫵ĴŽܵһ
Ұ˺󼸲˴˵Ŀжսڡ
ҰѾʥ֣֮ҲѾʥ
ħʮ֮һͻֽȻͬͬƵģ˴˽֯ƣħӵ˼¡
ֽȻͬǳأħںһЧߣҰĽжһԡ
ħҲᣡҰĿ䣬ϻǸֳ̫̫𣬱˴˽֯ΪһƬϢͬʱħٴɱ˹ȥ
¡¡
˿ٽʮ£մĳ׿кƵӿȵõԶս˶е𾪡
ǿĹƣѾʥˣ
̫ˣļͳ̶ȿʥεʥڶԺƵģİʥȥͱˣ
Ϊħʮ֮һȻħû뵽ҰҲôôҪ·ҰҪѺܴľС
ҰȻħħжֵĲҪսʤҰҲûôף
˫ս˶СĽ̸ţ˵Ŀг˼ɵ
ҰͷαÿһκҡػΣõԶսЩʥ;еһѹȸС
дŽҰԾ˫
ٴη˿ϵϸƬ֣ǹһĨЦݣսĵҰսЩҵԤϣ벻Ҳȵʥˣ㵹ʸʶʶҵ汾¡
ҰĮĻӦ㵹ûгҵԤϣǸϲʲô£ʹɣȻɾҲûˣ
ս˫еǳ𾪣Ұ֮ĽѾ˾춯ˣû뵽δ汾£治֪Ƕó汾Ժ󣬻ʲôĹ⾰
˻˵Ҫ汾²Уתȣ˫пʼŸ־иֳһƬ˼ɾƣɺиֳһƬ˼׹ۣҰ
ҰֱоǱƵģȫ£ͷԼһƬ˼ɾ֮С
Ŀɽϼ裬ëշ裬ɺ׿֥ʢݱء
жϼʣһֿ͵һԶ쳾⾻˲ԾľҪС
֮УҰֱоԼͷɱⶼ߽ţѾݵľ󣬳һƬϢ
ھе˶һѺ̫ԶС
ֻңңҰͻȻľֹղˣǸȴһĳǹϢŷҰѾӽ˷Ұǰľ룬Ұû˿ķӦ
Ұڸʲôʯں󷽽ĴȣҰȴû˿ķӦ
䣬ɱԶڶħ϶ֳһ˿Ц⣬˸ѪĹƺѾ˷Ұ̴ͷ­һĻ
Ұڼ˲䣬Լ뵽˻þ֮УȴȻԾ˵
ҰͼޱȣӰƬ̣ͱǿ˳ȥ
£ҰĬƵӡиֳһĨ貵ɫʣ˲俴һĳǹѾԼǰʥ
ҰȻų貵âյһ㣬̧ǰǱǹĻ˹ȥ
ʱΣҰھƹХתÿһë׶ųһ貵Ĺ⻪еľ޹Ƶģϸǽ͸̺һƿµ
ϲ֣֮ħӪһľһĿⶼתƵ˷ҰǾӨ͸֮ϡ
ﬡ
ҰƽĻǰǵǹϣÿһȥǴһĻĵóǹϵʥѣѿһϸ΢Ѻۡ

ѺԽԽһ죬Ǳʥǹһķѿ
˶̲סɴ˫ۣоƵģҰʥͣȻͽһʥ
ҲӹһĨ𾪵ɫҲûϵҰȻôǿ˵󲿷ֶǽϲֵ֮ƣҰʵҲӹɡ
սŸոտʼһѪٴνҰ뵽һѪɫУѪб鲼Ű׹ǣһ
ȭͷգݺݵŷҰͷ­˹ȥѾ˷ҰߣֻҪҰ˿ķаտԽҰԴϡá
Ұһɫ⻪ת˿Ӱ죬ֱӶȭͷ
飡
ȭͷײһ𣬾ײʱģһɼϯ˷
ҰЦ˺Ȼֻþãڣֵˣ
Ұδ䣬˾ͻΪһͷϵÿһë˸ŹĲԴɫһչ͵ߣֱ
ԨsϵͻΪ˫֮תǰͼ
顭
Ƶ촫ҰĴ᲻ϵĻ棬࣬ȴʼ޷ͻơ
ҰӰһΣٴλΪ壬ֳָһͷ̫Žڣֳָһֻã㣬תų
һĻ˫ս˶еЩϤղŵֶβ࣬ȴͬ
¡¡
𣬷Ұ֮ϵĥţ͸񱩵졣
գҰ˫֮ɢ
ﬡ
ʵ𣬷Ұͷֳ˵ʥŹʥѹһŤΡ
񣡡ҰȳͷʥתһصĴ󣬽Уֱӽնסˡ
ʥ󣬵ҰԼ棬ӵĪ֮â£Ƭ񷶼ΪһƬ
ҲһĨصɫٵһΪһȻһŻӰĿͬʱ³ֽڣֻأ
˴ԣŹŹֵķһصԽʱն档


673 ֻ
ˣ
ʱһŤãµһɣžֱʧˡ
Ұ΢գʥƬնסˣȴ˿Ӧκб쳣
ಡ
ʥŵݺն񱩣ȴȫն˿մûзӰ
ҰĿɨ˷˵κϢʥݺն֮Ѿȷط֮ˡ
ʧؼˣɷҰȫҲ޷Ѱ
ܿ죬Ұоһ˿ԾϢһƹŹֵϢ໥֯ԽԽࡣ
Ƭ֮ǿж֯Ұȴʼδ·Ľ뵽ֻ֮Ƶġ
ڣ
Ұϸֳһɿ񱩵̫ΧȼţøЩ
ҰȻֲ٣Կ϶ڸЩйŹ֣ɲЩմȾϡ
֪ô¶ҰһֲõĸоΧЩԽԽ࣬ҰеָоҲԽԽǿҡ
ҰڼȺȥһͷϸֳһ£¸Ƕһ֮תžӨĹһ˳ȾƵġ
Ǿˮ£
¸»ɨ򸽽С
ˮٵҰʱˮ¶˳в׽
ȻҰĿһ޾õӰһǰһΧϢתţӰתԽԽС
Ұ֪ڶĳططһַǳõĸоǵȵطʩչϣҰҲ֪ᷢʲô벻⡣
ȻѾӰҰٲɣϿٳһֻȸһͷ䣬ȸֱǵǵ˹ȥ
һ֣ҰоԵ쳣ȸ֮󣬾͸о綼Ƶģ쳣Ļ
Ұȫִ飬ٹɱȥ·ڱżСǰƵġ
ӰֱӳڰУһƬԴ̹⣬һƬѤõĻ֮⣬һ𣬽ȫסˡ
ڲ̫ˣȥֻأ߷ͬʱڣɭ쳣·˵³Ƶġ
Ļδ䣬еһ֯Ϳʼתһɺ嫶صشƣҰڡ
䣡
жȻһڵĶѨ·ƬʱƵģ潻֯Ŵ۸ӵʱ
ҰǸڴ֮иܵһ쳣ΣյڴȫתžƹҪܵĹŹѳ
ϧܵ·һƵģҪѳǻزУ
ǵ֯ܲϵĻۣҰо綼ųԼһǸڶѨ
Ұ붯ҫ񽣵Ľն͸оܵѹȻǸڴ֮Ҳһž޴Ұһ˽ȥ
ھٴλָƽֻӰڰлתţȴʧȥ˷ҰӰ
أҰȥˣ
ˣ
ǿΪ˷ҰʱҰֻ֮Уǲǰ𣿡
ǵھеʿǳǺ嫵ħһ
ŷҰţô׾ģʯݺݵ߬ȭͷɴһ۾սţڴܹٴμҰ֡
ʥĿսУطŷҰϧȴһҲɵüͷ
ʥǷҰô˰ɣʥ̲סŲʥѯ˳
ʥüͷ΢壬ҡҡͷСӵӲأƻûֻʱҲӦ֪׳ʲôӡ
ħҲɧʥɻ𣺡𣬷Ұȥˣ
ڰлתһҰ֮뵽ֻ֮У¿Ҫʧˣ޾ʱƮɡ
ʥӦ֪ħΪʲô뵽ֻ֮УҪǼָΣһȥڤħ˽
ƽĵֻܹأܹٽٻȵȫʧ֮ٽٻʱֻʣһǣȻᵢڤħ˵ĺ£
ǾͺãʥĮ쳣ȻҲЩ
Ұǹֵ뵽ǸڵĶѨ֮У͸оԼǽ뵽һʱƵģΧǿ񱩵ʱ·Ҫ˺ԼƵġ
һɹɴֻ֮ʱշ籩ҰĲֱӽ뵽˷Ұü֮ͨУʶȻ󲨣ŷҰı˻˹ȥ
Ұ󾪣̫Źˣ̺һֻصֱϣε÷Ұ궼ʹ·Ҫ궼˺Ƶġ
ˣ
ҰƶȻʶ֮иֳһ⣬þûжľżʶ֮и˳ųǹ⣬׵Ľǵ뵽ʶеʱշ籩˺顣
Ұ˿ŵǶ˾żȻǼһﲻоżʶ֮Уʶǹ
Ұü̽ԼĴܵͻ֮һ޴ĲϼƵģذ̫޷ջ١
ңŷҰϵʱдһɽֻ֮֯ٴӿ뵽˷Ұʶ֮УڷҰʶзŰš
ż·ܵƵģһųâһĨֱӳ˷ҰʶУ͸أǹɰ붼˺˿
Ұ״н˳ڴҵʱͣԼĵһƣ˿ѰŹ;
ڵھ֮⣬תķͬʱͣӵ־еͻ֮γɸ޴̫ͼ
ֻأͬʱȳǸ޴̫ͼתٴγɸڵĶѨ
Ƭ֮ɫˣüͷɻĵܰΪ˿ӦϢѵֻ𣿡
ʥĲѪΪ˷ҰҰ뵽ֻ֮Уɾˮһˡ
ʥʯԼеʿеǳأʧȥ˷ҰĸӦѵ˵ҰѾֻ


674 ѹ
ҵʱУҰ֪ȥδӣ֪ԼӺδҲ֪źδȥ
ҰԼĵԼھصϵоǰ;ԽԽʣҵʱпǰС
ü˼Ȼǵɫ䣬һ˹ȥ
ͣ
һ貵ĵâУԴһѪۣɫѪ˳Ƕеľ
쵶ҰˣʯϲĴС
Ұֳ쵶ͻأĳУ˾һ쵶Ƶģ͸һɸ޵еĵƣ˿ͣŭն˹ȥ
ʥϸֳһ˿Цݣŵڷ
ħ֮һƬħƣħư⴩͸սϣʥĮѹܹնʥ쵶֮У˼⣡벻쵶ȻͻƵʥˣ
˫ȫĿȵҰеǱ쵶˸λùʣɫУ쳣
Ƕ֪쵶ǷҰıں˼⣬ǽ쵶еķԼıɵԼıҲܹɱʥ
Ұһ޵е꣬˲䵽ǵǰ쵶ٴն䣬ǿԽƬضƵġ
ټһɫƣӡ˸ֹӵħƣ˴˽֯һ޵ħڶֳŵ֣ʥͼסҰһ
¡¡
һĺ𣬷ҰԾһƿŵ֣һնΪ룬ٴնȥ
УŭһȻ壬Ϊһɹɾɢؼ䡣
ͬʱǵϵĹ⻪࣬͸ҲԽԽǿʢƺмȡĳƱһʥ߻Ҫǿ
ҰĮɨĵѾһȥžۣ
гһɻصĹЦҵķ٣ûܻٵõҵķȻƵһ̬壬Ҿˣ
ﬣﬣ
޾˸һħķģһ㣬֣һͷħ
ʱԳʥˣھ˾˳Ŀг˼ɵ
Ұɫ䣬쵶ٴγȥ쵶ųĵâһӣͷ­ն˹ȥ
ҰѾ֪ⶼԼı۶ɣİĿ쵶
Ұñʥ»û쵶Լ
Ϊ쵶ı
ȻҰûгʥҲܹӳ쵶
ﬣﬣ
ȻܵƵĳ˳ĳҰ
ϹһĨЦݣɭȻҰʵĲ಻ǶʥֲģûлԶ֪жӵʥҲ޷κεң
㿴ˣҰ΢΢̣޵е뵽쵶֮У˵һ֮ȹ̵նѿϸ΢Ŀռѷ죬
䣡
ҰһնڽϣһĺŴ̶Ħ
ţ΢Ļ죬ͼȻƬƬѿ
Ұֳ쵶һͥսƵģѹ˹ȥ
ȵʱ򣬷Ұǰ֮Ʋűֹסˡ
ǲʱӿһɹɺںɫѪҺҰĿг˾һ߿ٺˣһ߲ŵĵ㻹ʥܹͣҵôܣ
ҰɫĮȻΪ쵶ҵıΪ쵶ں˼⣡
ԭǼ⣡¶һĨȻɫԽ˫ֿ趯һһԵħӡ
ҰΪ쵶ٴɱ˹ȥ
ͷ³ϵħħȻըΪһĳŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ڹ֮Уһ貵Ĺٸ֣ԽԽ͸һصĲԣ·̺ܡ
Ұе쵶ն䣬ݺݵһնȥǰĻȫɢҿǵĲԹ⻪նȥ
¡¡
һĺҰݺݵһնǵԹ⻪ϣųâ޷е
ȵҰǵԹ⻪ͻأĴŹ⻪гһɫӰȻ
ʱȫŽɫƬ˳һԵĵϣǾս·͸һױȵǿ
ԼӲӵ¶һĨϲɫЦҰҵҪлˣԼ㵹ǰҵĴæˣӽԺұӵ˳ɾʸ񣡡
ҰĮɨĵźûлˣ
ҰԱϣӳ֣һɫ⻪˲ͻΪɽС࣬ƣ޾ĴĽ֯ɽľǳľԾȻϡ
ƶھʿȫ˳һĿȵе󶦣̲סЩɧ
ھеʿħΪζˣΪƶ
ƶΪϵ֮ӵܹеȫóһ磡
û˻᲻Ķ
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ħеʥվȵھеʥҪһЩħʥֱӳ迪
ʱƶ迪УǱΪƶλŹ᣿
ʥȫ迪к˹迪ɫ䣬ŭͫ죡
迪ü˸һĨҫ۵Ľ⣬Ƭضӳ˽ɫ·ڿٵƵģһŽɫ۾ڰУء
Ǽʥ߶Ǳ뵽һУ˫սĳˣֻһŽɫ۾ڿݼŵǿУԵñ顣
þ
ǼʥߺܿͷӦ˹Ӵľ𶯣ܿʹӻþг˳
ʱ迪ӵ˵ھصӪ֮Уüеĵֻ۾պ˿˿ѪϵϢɢҲ
ӼħʥߵİΧг迪Ҳܵ쳣صˡ
սҲھеʿĿ࿴ܹӼʥߵֵѣʵѾħЩˡ
ͬʱھеڶʿҲ迪Ϊ˷ǳУǶѾ֪ղ迪ǹΪҰ˳ȥĿľΪƶ
迪лЩңô˵Ѿص˵ھصӪ֮УõƶǼħʥҲκεˡ
Ǽħʥһۣŭų迪˿˵ھصӴӪ
һ֣ھӪиڣʱӪжɫ⻪վҲǼħʥ߱˻ȥ
ʱǶڳ⣬кüսħ弤ɱǿ˵ھصĴҲ޷˶ֻùЩħʥˡ
迪Ǽħʥ߱ˣд˿ĿתƵս档
ʥʥѽѷ֣ڵնϵѿһһĿռѷ죬ſ񱩵һʱҲѷʤ
ʣµǼħһЩħʥڸھеʥ߲ɱţʯ콾Ҳ˵˵ھӪߣֻǸľڸɱš
Ȼ迪ĿһеһУ֡
迪зһַǳõĸоҰִôδʧ
迪о¸ԼЩ룬ĿĶִ顣
ţ迪ͼǸХһҡһΣٴα˷ҰӣǹһĨζЦݣĿĶ
迪˸飬ʧʲôҰû
Ұ䣬Цеҡͷѹգҵķ˸ˡҵҪл¼ħʥߵĹлƴұƶڣƶԭ˰ɣ
ʯ˿¶ĵЦݣЦСӣҰ׵һ
ھӪеʿĿɿڴһϹŹŹֵЦݣСƵĿ迪
ͬ˸ţ迪ϲŭɫסеƶŭҴҰģѾˣ
ҪҰһһƶٱһӽ迪ѹ档
迪˵˸ʱֶȫΪץסƶһ¾Ȼûü㣬ֱӱѹסˡ
Ұɱ˸迪Լ鷳˴θǽԼΣ֮У˷Ұɱġ
Ұƶɫǿƿ汬һǿѹ迪ֱջص֮С
ѵ
ٴοϣ迪֮УƶٴαСڷҰУֻȴڲϵĲλƴҪ񶦵ķ
Ұٴλ壬ջƶǼʥȫŷҰк˹ȥ
䣡
ʱжȻһɺĪһӽҰ⼸ʥɨ˳ȥһǶϽۣħѪ
һӿȵϢͻأĳսУѹ˶һ꼴ĸо˫ֹͣ˴򶷣ĿǹϢķ
˳˵ĿȥͼһΰӰڰУϢ̫ǿա
ҰܸоӰǳϤĬƵӡͼһӵĴ󺺳ڰУӸ޷жϳ䣬лһ̳ơ
ҰĿ΢΢£˲Ǳˣ
ϴηҰƶҲǸʥʱĳ֣òʥͻʥķ˿˵ҰĲ²û
֣ʥ¶һ˿ɵЦݣʥתﹰ˹֡
ʥ˵˰ֹ֣˲ʥĻбɨ˶Էħһۣĵ˵ħֹûУ
ʥڶĿصȵǺˣ
ĺһƣ˸ãĵ˭Ҫħֹ˾͹ɣûֹҾǹ
ʥĿ˸˼£ߵӦһʥɣʥлħ֮УǿĶ̫ˣĪҪ󣡡
룡ﲻĻ˻֣ϲӬƵģͼǻʥҽһ˳ȥǰĹ߰˳ɡ
ħĿж¶һĨݣǼҲˣһ
ʥٴվȻּǿҪֵھص飬Ҳ˵ʲôƶħ壬Ҫߣ
һƣĮĵʮϢ֮ڣٲͶ°ɡ
ħǰս𣿡ʥŭȡ
ĮĵʣϢ
ʥŭȵּģħҲв٣Ϊһ죡
˸ãʣϢ
ʥݺݵ߬ȭͷҧƶҲȡˣħҪߣ
ｫ̳˸׶죬촽ųһĨɫЦϢ
ʥĴڴϢգĵŭħɣˣ
ħɧҲͻԶƶţֻʣ򲻵ħжһֳص
ʥ˫ĿŭĶߺ޵ĵħ˾ұضѪϴھأ
νĵͲˡ
ҰĿƵŷҰĵշģұؽն㣡
ҰЦҵĴػףһȥõģ
ľ´ټ֮ʱսɱȻŶľһݻ
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679 һ
ħȥھеļλжﹰʩ񣬶лԮ֮
һʵĹ⻪֮У޷ݣİֵˣЩˣܵסħһʱסħһ
ھ֮УиʥɻѯʵðһλǰʵոԽħ嶼£Ϊȴȥ
ﵹǲûв죬˹Ľ͵Щħ͵ھص飬˽˶Թ⡣ֶԸЩħ壬Ƭ̣Իħʥ߳ڵھءʱ򣬿ھضʬҰԽǿܵԽЩ飬ô򵥵ġ
ھеʿ˼о˵ĵҲЩ
ĿӷҰӹǸľϣɻѯʵľ㵽ʦкη
ھ˵ĿⶼתƵ˶ľϣҲҪ֪ƽȴֶγ꣬ںη
ľɫƽĵʦԣΪʥ֮ǰš
ھеʿ̲סһ⻰Ҳ̫ԵˣΪʥ֮ǰʦţѵʦһ鲻ɣ
ҰҲЩ죬ľȷ̫һЩ˵ôŵĻʦԲ֮ҲǸʥߡ
˶ľһۣʦȷǳףϣԼʶʦķɣ
˵ĿڵھеڶʿɨֵħȻ˾Ȼвʣ·ؽѣȺΪ֮
Ļ£ѾʧڲУֻʣǵڻص
ھеڶʿŻعľĿг˲죬ڰԲ²Ŷľ
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ھصڶʿ£ĬĬ¾
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ھл׶ֳصնɢȥ
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ҰٴŶľ콾콾лߵʥǰЦǰþòεǸ鷳ˡ
ʥЦǺǵĵħΪƶƶħУ֪жʿꡣɲһ˵飬顣ʲô㣿
ҰЦڵھشʱ䲻ˣҲüǰˡ
ʥ׵ڻǺеõ˼⣬ȷջСδиսҲǸӭѶˡ
˲ûн̸̫࣬ҰŲʥǡ
Ұʯһȥսھ֮Ум˷Ұǰ
һɫѣħѾ˾ϣѿԽ迪ų
ҰɫĮĵ迪Ҷͼı죬ҲܷŹ
ǸӿֳһĨŭ⣬ѣ迪ʲôĵطҾǸˣҲԸһЩϣѿԷų迪
ҰĮĵˣֻҪ
Ǹǰһüĵֻ۾ɱ˸ǲӦͱˣ
˾ǲвʲô£ʹҰҡҡͷû⼸һʯһȥ
ǼļһһеǳŭǼʶҰղŵǿ֮Ҳڵھ֮жֻ֣ۿŷҰͽʯȥ
Ұͽʯ˼Ҿ¥֮ľ
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˽ʮĹ⾰Ұڽȫǽ̫Ƴһʮŵҩ
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˴һڵھطֱ
Ұʯʮɵ͸һСƿҺ㹻ʯʥĵزֱӴӵھغ·뿪
̤·󲻾ãҰֱͣĮĵ붯ֵĻͱĥĥˡ
ӷҰ󴫳һշģ㻹Ǹ֪ǻԸ㣬ȻǹǰˡɱĴˣξʶʶ
Ұعͷȥͼǿߣ߰˸ʿÿ˵Ϊﵽ˰ʥ磬վһ𣬸һַǳǿѹ
иͷʿɺͷ촽ϵĵҰֻΪƶ㽻ƶǵǿԷһ·
ֻҪһؽ⣬ҵͷߣһʿ˵˳
ҰĿһƬĺȵϻ̫࣡ҪᱦģҪģһϰɣ
ʮʥһŷҰɱ˹Ұֱӻִ飬ҫ񽣵Ľӵгݺᣬܿͽʮʥȫɱĸɸɾõ˺üʥ
δսҰٴηɻ󣬻ҸʱٺúõظһǼӡˡ
ǻ飬ԶԶ޷鱾ӳӡлܡ
º󣬷Ұ뵽˵ʮ֮С
ʮͨͨվڵʮ֮УҰþò
뿪Ҳˣ֮ڲҪ̤·֪ǼһǷѾ뵽·֮УҲ֪ˡ
ҰҪȥ̽һջǾʱˣǰУ
ħ˴ߵأ֪ħлжΪǿ֮ħ֮ѹԽԽˡ
˭Ҳ֪ħʲôʱѪϴ򣬷ҰҲòԼΪ
ʮ֮еĸҲ˵ŵھط飬Ұƶֵõ˼Ϣٴ˳ȥ
ҰϵÿһﶼĶѣɱħʮ֮е̫롣
뷽Ұһģһ֣ľ
Ǹƽƽ꣬û֪û֪ʦУȴһҹ֮쳹·
Ϊɱʥ
ڶľҲ²⡣
˲²ĺᣬ˲²ǰĴˣ˲²ǱӡڵĹŴ콾˲²ĳʯתûκܹȷ
Ұֱľ򵥣ʦУҪıˡ
ڶľϣҰܵɱ⣬˾ǱϿôƽȻеʤ
˾ƾðģҰ޷֪̽˵ֻжԴ˵˾衣


680 
ҰԶľɻѹĵף˸¥ڽ˸̸ۡ
ÿһ֮УҰھ¥д飬ⶼɸϰˡ
˵ħѹھأħٻ˳ƿ֣͹˵ھصķħȴ˲أϧδһиͷɫǵҡͷ̾Ϣ޲ܹصǸս֮Уħȥսһ
ԱһʿǷҰϵĺö࣬һ񽣵Ľ⣬ִʵӵƶõ˼⣡ˣʵ̫ˣ
ǶľҲȻ似ʥǿУҸоȷҰҪ±ǰЩ콾Ҫǿ˵˳
һһҡҡͷڵˣ˵ǰ콾Ѿгʥˣ
¥˵Ŀⶼϣѯ˳λ֪ĵǲ٣֪λ콾ʥˣ
ĻһּİڵʮȳʥѾɱ뵽˵ʮһأսħȥˡ
Ұ岢İڸǼսʱ򣬾и콾
壿Աи˵˳ĿЩɫ
ѶǷ˽⣿ѯʡ
һҶ˽ⲻ֪࣬Ǹǳǿ壬ʷ˺պ
Ŷʲô֮˵ĺĶ
Ҳӣܸɴĵʮǰ񣬾ǳ壡
˻
˶̲סһ֣˶İ
ǸŮӣһ֮ͥ߸ħ壬ʷ޾貵ƪ¡
Ұ¶һĨȻѹܸоλ콾似ЩϤԭԴһ
ѹİܹȳʥԭĵϵᰡԱ˸п
ֵ˵ˣһδޣİȻҲǳ壬ĵϵᣡ
΢΢һ㰵ԵͷŮӣ֮ҲҲܹˡ
Ա޵İ̤ʥ;磬Ҳķɣɵڶ񣡶ˣû˳ʥˣ
ʹƣ˲죬֪ơ󳾡Ҷڤľ˶Ӧ̤ʥ;ˣĿǰҲѾǰʮһأսħ壡
˶֪֮࣬Уһ콾Ѿʥˡ
Ұвɵ÷һ˿ȸУ˵ٶҲ󳾵˶ѾʥˣҲҪӿٶˡ
Աи߿ڵ˵ǰ·Щ콾ǵҲڳ˲ٵ飬ȻȲϷҰιĺ䶯ҲС
Ѳ˵˵˺档
Ҷδʥ֮ʱǿ׷ɱһħʥ߰ս֮նɱõ컯еı̻
崫Ǭʹٴδս˺˰ҵһֻԼҲһΪˡ
ѩɵտѩħʮеķս˵˴Դٵ˺üˣδ
¥ҹңǵһħʥߣ׷ɱսǼʴʹӻص֮С
׻崫Ʒնħʥǳһħʥߣնɱ
ʥѦơǿԳ崫Գŭڤ̫ڤȫϲ֮˵ûжȫ

һһϢǸ߿дõþ¥еڶʿǰ·콾˸̵˽⣬ĸܵǰ·ļѡ
Ĵ˶һʿĸ࣬ǰħ壬ΪײС
ʮؿͨ򣬵ʱȥ֪֮ûзʲô飿ѯ˳
Ա˻ش֮ҲΪƽħʥ߽֮У½ֻħƷǺ͵ˣӺͼֳֹֻ֣ħŰ֮Ƴ򡣡
½֮ҲٴγħӰеĲˣЩħʱδٽҲֻСС֡
ĵʼֳеķӡŹϵĻʯеӵŽеļԶŴõòħ嶼˲أ˫
챮ǰδеҫۣкü컯鶼͸Ĳ

ҰüֻħĳѾԤ֮УֻҲû뵽ֻħôͳˡ
ħٴγ֮УҲ÷ҰܵһֽȸУǣҰûлؼҵĴ㣬½ֲ֮Ӧ˽еħ塣


681 
ǵĿУҰٴ˲ϢüĴ˶У±лҪѲ
Ҷ׷ɱʥͣõ̻Ҳ֪ռ˼컯飬ҶյǴԴҰյǴʵӣ˽֮ս
ڷҰУҶǸֵ𾴵Ķ֡
ҶǶʥˣҰҲܵһɽȸУٲŬͻᱻЩһ˦ˡ
ҰӾ¥߳Ŵʹ󣬽뵽һƬʯȺĿݼǿ֮УҪϸһԼĵ
ǰδսҰѾʶԼĲ㣬Щ񼼣ԼֶλЩȱ
õִʵ֮У̺ŴԴĴУӦòǻô򵥣Ӧû񼼡
Ұ½ƣ뵽֮Уںھ棬뵽ε֮С
ҰνǼֵӡ֮ϣȸ䡢ߡ롢ֵӡеȸӡӡӡĸѾԻ֮
Ұõȸӡ磬ȸӡ˽Ҳ£Ƚעȸӡ档
ȸӡȸĴУپ˻ģޱȣֻǾ㷽ҰȸҲ޷ͻҰĹ
ȸһ飬֮УҲǷǳǿĴڣ䴫ܻȲһ񼼣
Ұȫ뵽ȸӡ֮УûͶëжɢϼ⣬йϵʥо֮ȫϾˡ
Ұε֮Уϸȸӡ֮еÿһ˿ϸ΢ĵϣԼ໥ӡ֤Ҫҳȸӡ֮еС
º󣬷Ұ˫ۣй⻪˸ֻȴ͸һ˿ʧ
µҰƶȸУȸӡ̣ܹӳҲǿֻȴδȸӡصС
Ұעӡ֮Уº󣬷Ұٴδҡҡͷٴνӡ֮С
ֹ˰£Ұǳź˫ۣεٴʧˡ
Ұһ˿ɻ⼸ֵӡ֮ж̺鴫Уܹ϶бȻĴУֻǲ֪ΪΣȴ޷õУӦβִܿУǻԵ
Ұҡҡͷʰ飬׼ƿռеัƷɵĲƳɵƿռ֮лнǧְƷɵĲϣҰҲ׵˰ʥ磬ʱҲ볢ܷƳƷʥ
Ұʶ뵽ƿռ䣬뽫óƣȻĿһھɫ
ʥҩҡҷӳһһµɡһھżеõİ׻ʥҩһȸʥҩ
Ұȸʥҩǵ콾ĹŻ֮Уõľһظȸʥҩָ֮󣬱նϣ͸ȥˡ
Ұõʥҩʥҩ˷ңʱȸʥҩֻʣ¸һֱ˾ɫ֮Уˡ
ȸʥҩҰȻ뵽ȸӡһƬȣ뵽ȸʥҩ֮С
ʱƣҰоԼȸӡĴˣѾĸӦ̺һǿ񼼣ֻʼջһ˿ʼ޷ͱһ㴰ֽ
Ұɴٴνȸʥҩնϣһ븹С
ʱҰ͸оһСڶڵȸӡǱһӵȼˣϵÿһëжӿһ棬ƺҪΪҽƵģʥЩԲĸо
Ұٴνȸӡ֮УԺиֳһͷȸԡɵĻ棬ȸԡɣʢبŲࡣ
գ滯ΪһϵĴӡڷҰ
Ұľȫ뵽˴֮Уûκζ֪ʱţȫס
һº󣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣ˫иһֻȸԡɣһɫĴ֣͸һӴ
𣡹ȻǿԭҪõ鴫УҪʥҩһ򣡡Ұ¶һ˿˷ܵɫ
ȸӡ֮йȻһ񼼣Ϊ̺Ųİأ
ֲ񼼣ҰҲеǳ𺳣˵񼼣
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ԷҰΪ޷ӳ񼼵ȫ޷Ѫ겻ࡣ
ҰҲ嫵һ㡣
ҰҪ񼼵ּ̧һʥԼ첲նһ¡
ǣ̫ǿˣʥֻ첲նһӡƤûơ
ҰڵϷע뵽еʥУٴնԼĸ첲ϣʱѪעľӨҰİ첲Ⱦˡ
Ұת񼼣ѪҺɶأѵļ飬ѵѪپۣ˿ڿϣ˲ȫָ
Ұϳ˿ϲɫֲ񼼣ӵЩ콾ʱ
ң⻹ȸĴ񼼣ҰϻӡҲ˵ֻҪõʥҩٵõ񼼣
ҰЩڴЩڷҵʥҩˡ
룬ҰǷ˻ؼҵĴ㣬ʥҩڷһãʱ붯ʥҩ
ң·֮ȱľǱʥҩ·Ҳϡ棬ûбҪרŷһˡ
õ񼼣ҰãٴνעתƵƿռеัƷɵĲϡ
ǰ˵Ʒɵԣǰڿ㵱ԣҪЩɵ꣬ҲǶʱڿġټǳСӣԸҰҡͷ뵽˻飬̲סֳһ˿Ц⡣
Ұɣƶȸ𣬽ǧɵĲ϶һͶ˽ȥ潫ǧֲ϶ȥ
Ұˮһƶ֮еĻ棬ȷڶĲ϶ӵҪ¶ȣһᴿ
ҩᴿҩҺתϾȣѳɵҩơ
¡¡
ǵص׽ٽ䣬Ұ࣬ҿ磬Щ׽ٵ޵ĺܡ
ȻĻЩ׻ֱӽڶɵˣ
ܿ죬Щ׵ɵ˽ȥǧɵڰӳ˿˿µĴ⡣
ҰЩҩ¶һ˿Ц⣬˲Чʣʡ˲ٵʱ䡣
ȵҰŵҩϣѾǰºˣҰЩҩĿ۵ЩƷʥĲ档


682 Ұ
Ұڸ֮Ѿռ˽ǧְƷʥĲϣһֱûгƣоưƷʥû˿ա
ʱӴ죬볢һ
ڶ֮ǰҰƽ죬һŻиֶѿҡҷ
أеѿһСȻ󻯳ɴٴ䣬һ
ʱƣҰиֳһƬɭ֣ɽľ˳ŻݻĶԽԽ࣬ԽԽСȴԽԽ¡
ߴߴ
Ȼһ֦ϾȻֻּɫ鶯쳣Ϸ֣裬һ㡣
ҰľӴޱȣԲ綼ССݻ˳оԼ޷ټݻȥ£
ڻϿշû뵽ĵĻ֮УΧɽľһһʧգҰĵЩɽľٴλΪһС磬ѿֱȫû뵽ҰС
һԣҰоԼԾƿӾ΢ˣ׼ʼ
Ұӻ֪˺üְƷɵĵλǧռģҰɸѡһѡ˿ʥ
ʥһְƷʥʥ֮ǱȽƵһ֡
ʥʱ֮֮ͻƵʥ߾ĸܹɣͻʧܣҲκβӰ죬һٴͻƣ
ʥ;磬еľ˵һԿԽĺ蹵ֿʥܹͻƵʥ͵ļɣ̶
Ұ״ưƷʥ⿪ʥһͨİƷʥҰҲ˿⡣
ҰȽʥÿһ趼Ժзһ飬ǵôޱȣſʼصĽеҩơ
ڶһϽҰͶ뵽ƶ֮УҰͿƶ֮еĻǿȣҪ¶ȶƵ쳣
ûãҰᴿϣеٱ仯Ҫƶ֮еĸҩҺںһ
أ
һƵƶеЩҩҺΪһѻҽں϶ʧˡ
ǵ⣬ҪٽһĽҰ˫ĿһƬϸ˼¸ղںϵһĻȷڡ
Ұû٣ٴóһϣһͶУᴿ
ܿ죬ЩٴᴿϣҰеת䣬һƶеĲٴαΪҽ
ҰóһʥĲϣ
ηҰĵٴθıЩƶ֮еĲϿʼתںһ𣬱һճĽ
ҰҩԣٴεµŽ״ҩҺת۳ɵ
ʱҪʥʱ֮Ȼǹʱ֮ںڵҩ֮Уܹõõҩĳ͡
ҰҲ˲ʱ䷨򣬵±СĽʱ䷨ֳһ˿뵽ǿڳ͵ĵҩ֮С
أ
ƶдһƵ죬۵ĵҩһӱըŵҩٴηϵˡ
Ұ΢΢üͷٴóһϣ¿ʼը¯
߰˴Σȫʱ⣬ڵʱ޷뵽ҩ֮ȥ
һԣҰεķ֣Ҫ뽫ڵʱ䷨뵽ҩ֮У뽫ڵķȫתʥС
Ҳ˵ҪƳʥͱҪʥ֮УȻĻô츳ȺҲ޷Ƴʥ
һҰֱӽ뵽Լ֮Уֱϥ˺ھ֮ϣ뵽֮С
֮ھȫҰմҰٴλһ
ʥǸдأԴԽ̣ʥ֮ʱܹõĺôԽ࣬ҰʱɲôʥٴνϾ˳С
Ͼ֮УЧںھҪ࣬Ҳ̫࣬Ұٴν뵽ε֮С
ֵطҰȫڴУڵľƹХת󶼸ֳӰִϢת˶ʶá
ʱƣҰ͸ĵԽԽŨʥоÿһëж籡ϼʡ
һԺ󣬷Ұǰ˹ռϾڵھлȡϾĵĸɸɾֻʣ˫ݷ
һǱУҰٴλΧŷҰ͸һ쳣ǿ
ҰֱӴгڵȫͷ˳Ų񷣬׼ʥ٣


683 ͻƳʥ
֪ʱ𣬿ݼŵǿһصƲ㣬һ׹Ʋ֣͸һɺسѹĸǿնѡ
ҰѱŲеǵƣѹԼΪΧ͸ǿϢ
ҰڵѪһгһʥ֮ϼţƱˡ
ʵĽƿʼת͸ѹҪ綼ѹƵģ޾
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ٻ۵˶㣬һ޴ĺ죬׽ǵصѹÿһ׶ɽͬһҹǺһ㣬һŷҰ
ʮϰһ£ֱҪƵģ֮ǿƮЩССʯڵһʱͱ˿Եֵʥ֮
Ұڵһʱͱ嫵׺˽ȥԲ򶼱׽סˣ֮ŷҰɱ˹
ڿֲ׽֮УеʯѾһЩС͵ҲȻըڿ񱩵׽֮ȴۣҫ۵׹⡣
Ұ˲ͱ׽ըѪڣǿʥҲס׽٣ڸ֨죬һѪϵı顣
ﬣ
쵶Ұһʱ˳ȥ쵶ǷҰı쵶ѾΪʥڷҰʥ֮дҲؽٴ
ҰҲûϵԼʥ֮ٻ˿ңȵǸеʥǿ˰ٱֹɱĲƵġ
޾֮УҰ貵Ѥã渡ֳһһĴģһĸ֨죬·ʱܻƵġ
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ҰÿһѪⶼֽдţͷֿԵĽΣֲϵ飬ĥ
ҿҰõ˲񼼣вϵı飬˸貵ԡ
ҰȫȾѪƴȫĵֿʥ˽٣Ŀһ㣬׽ٴԼ͵ϲʱسһƬֱϾȡ
ʥ٣ӵŻ֮λ¾ʥ˶֧ŹҰȴҧš
䣡
ҰԼ˳Ҫڽʥһոռͱ񱩵֧֮顣
ҰھƹХתֳӰ죬ſһƬأŹ֮䵽֮У޸硣
޴ڣҰüͨж޾һ׹˸ڷҰʶһľκˣı鶼ըһѺۡ
ҰȾѪ޾ݺɱһԡѪսƵģϵıһһĽףΪԼ
ֽ׵ĿԶԶ̺һɻһеĴ־㷽Ұʥֿ񱩵֮£Ҳһδش
ҿȸӡ֮еõȸ񼼲ĻҰҲȷֵܷڡ
ֽǵأƺ޾ƵģҰڽɱԼ֪˶ٵףԼҲ񱩵Ľ˺ѿüΡ
㷽Ұӵв񼼣Ҳоһĸо
꣡
ȻҰͨдһ죬ı飬һСķҰӱڵλø˳
飬֣
ҰоԼľӵĺ嫾ںӦӴһ֮ƺƵġ
ʥ߾磬Ӵʱ֮Ұԣ͸оʥǿ
Ұ壬ոԻ꣬񱩵ʱֵѺۡ
ҰĬƵӡϵǵѺۿ޸š
Ƶӡϵľټϲ񼼣Ұ޸ٶȱƻٶȻҪϲ٣貶͡
˺ڵѾ޷ٶԷҰκһ˿˺ҰԽ壬޾׺֮д
׺֮еȷҰҪ񱩵ö࣬ٴζ˴ССѷ죬ҰĬƵӡͲ񼼣޸ܴꡣ
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纣ƬǿնڣƥеĻϢҰ˺ۣϲ˽
Ұ˳Ƶģ׺ȡ׺е䵽Ұڡ
ܵǸҲĲȱҰִ鶼˳Ź֮е޸Լܴ壬ڵϷתΪʥ
ʱƣҰתеԽԽ࣬ڵķ󲿷ֶתΪʥǿһ̨ףЩ˺ʥ׽ٶ޷ٶ̫˺
ҰҲ޳޹ǻ۵Ļ
羭ε޸Ҳ÷ǳȹ̣ڹ֮ж飬ֹ֯һ𣬸ûʲô
ﬣﬣﬣﬣ
𣬷Ұٴ뱾һʮһ㣬ΧŷҰ衣
ĵԻҰڵķȫתΪʥܵѹʮ趯ټȡ׺еԼġ
Ұڷ٣ͭɫļ˸žӨĹ˫ǳ׺񱩵޷κӰ졣
Ұй쵶׺м
Եĵ⣬˼쵶ų޾Ѥõɣ׺ԽХѡ
ҰҪ޾쵶ٴһϧеѾԽԽ쵶
ҰҲǿֳ쵶޾׺նһƥĵâ׺Ϊ룬ҷһ֮󣬾ɢǿС
ǿٴλָţҰУ¶һ˿Цݣڳʥˡ
һ˶ɽٳʥֻܻ֮һҰֱӻʮѾΪȹʥ߳ڵľϡ
ʥ֮٣ڷҰ˵νǾһ֮ǰõ˲񼼣治һܹȻȹʥ١
ͻƳʥ֮󣬷ҰӦԼ֮һ֮ϵʱҲ˸̵⡣
ҰƣиֳһƵʱĸоԼԿеʱ١
ƿʱ䣬ʥ;ı־
ܵԶ˹ˣҰӰһʧԭأʧԶһݼϣٴν뵽֮С
ʥ֮Ҳɱ䣬ȹ̶̳ѾһĴ磬ǳ
Ұûʱɱ䣬ͻƵʥҪ


684 Ʒʦ
ҰϾ˳Ͼ棬뵽һ֮С
һ񼼣ҰѾõĴУֻΪ⣬һֱ޷ڶ
ҰͻƵʥ;磬һʱ뵽һ񼼡
һ񼼷ҰģȱĽǷδתʥˣʱȫķȫתΪʥһֵ
ʱ󣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣһʹ߳һһģһķͷűЦЦ
ţҰ֮ٴ߳һһģһķһģһķһЦںһ
ҰԼû뵽ԼͻƳʥ֮󣬾Ȼô̵ʱڶܹڶһǸΪһģһķ
һҰս˺ü
ڵҰû˿ͷڻһ֮У׻ܻܲ
ܹڶҰѾǳˣʱǵˡ
ҰֻѰµʱ䣬͸ӡʱ䣬˫һС֡
ϧֻʣһ׻ʥҩ޷õʥҩеУ÷ҰеЩź
ʥҩΨһģǰ·ֵʥҩֹһˣҰҲûлٵõʥҩ
ҰʱʥҩѹĵףٴνʥĲ˳
Ұϴξ˷ʮϣΪϵķδתʥ޷ƳʥʱҰҪʥƳ
ƷʥֵԹǴ˵֮УҲıǸĴˣҲһʸʹֵȼʥ
ڵķҰ۲ƣӵƶӵоżӵħ⼸һﶼҪǾżҪھС
ҰƷı󣬱ѹɻ治һ˿Գܵ˵ġ
𿴷ҰǸƷʦ޷ƳƷʥҲ֧⼸һġ
Ʒɵļֵһ㶼ڰϾϾ֮䣬ƽҲͺϵϾһš
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ҰƷɵϾĻǧڣϾĻɻϾ
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ңϾ쳣ϡ٣һ˺ٻϾȡϾģҪȡϾɲô׵顣
ƷʥļֵҲҪʮϾϣƷɵļֵ˽ǧһмУ
ҪΪʥĹЧ̫ˡ
ʥһͼİƷʥҲܹͻƵʥ;ɼʣ
Ҫǣ֮лδ˵˭ǰƷʦУҲڴ˵֮УƷʥ
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ܻڶһϱҰͶ뵽ƶ֮Уÿһ϶ɵ˳
Ұ־һ䣬ƶеЩҩҺʼתںһ𣬻Ϊһճ״ҩҺ
һ֮󣬾Ҫʥʱ֮һǳĹؼǼΣҰһʧģʱҴ⡣
ҰһƬ飬ˮݻ˳ݻıκһʱҪ£ڵʥ˳뵽ƶ֮УµĹ켣Ž֮С
Ұ΢΢˿һˣеٱ䣬ƶ֮еŽת
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ţɫɫɫɫɫɫ⼸ƶһ˳
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Ƭ֮һ𣬵ҩֶһɫƣϾӨ͸
˵ƽӳɻԣŵҩȾãһƢ㡣
Ұһſʥʹг˳
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ҰľޱȣưƷʥҲ󣬻ܹơ
ҰҲţٴҳ˿ʥĲϣ
ҰоԼҲԼĽҲƵʥʱ򣬶нһĸĽȡĳɵʺЧʣͶԾġ
ηҰĴ󲿷־˸棬ʮζʧˣȵҰľĵĲʱҲȫһ顣
Ұ¸ɵܿͻָ˹ٴοʼ˰Ʒʥơ
ҰƶǸԼݻģܹúÿһֵǰƷʥɵҲܹﵽ֮ࡣ
ңŷҰԽԽ죬ֳɵʻߣ
ʷҲֹһЩƷʦ󲿷ְƷʦưƷʥʱ򣬳ɵʶֻĳɣҰֳɵѾǼߵˡ
ҰţԽԽϤưƷɵҲܹƷɵƵģɵʴﵽٷ֮٣
ҰƿռеİƷʥһ滹оŰٶְƷʥĲϣЩɢɢռģֻܴճһٸĵʣֲΪղȫеϣֻʱ
һٸ֮УʮัǰƷǵҩʥĲϡжʮัʥԪĲϣʥٶȵĵҩҲڰƷǵҩ
ʣµĲУһǿ̵겻𵤣һΪʥʥ߾ǿͻƵʥĸɣڰƷǵҩ
ֵҩǰƷǵҩ
Ұһµʱ䣬ŽٸϣõʥʮĿţʥԪʮ˿ţʥʮţ겻ʮţʮš
ֳɵʣҰǷǳģ±߳׼صʮ֮У󲿷ֵҩ۵


685 ٴʥ
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㹻Ĳϣ˵ƷǵҩǰƷǵҩܹƳ
Ұονջ޴󣬹ЩʥȡһϾˣƷɵռʮд󲿷ֵˡ
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Ұո̤뵽Ǽʴʹ󸽽ϳ˷ҰиʿŷҰ˹֣λǷʦ
ҰЦŻӦҡ
˷ܵʵʦ֪ʱ׼ڵʮ֮г۵ҩҲ϶׼ˣ
Ұһ𣺡Զȥʮس۵ҩˣҪˣ
һɺ嫵ʥǵصƬѹ˹ȵЩȴŴ͵ʿõһԡ
ʥѹķҰԣҰŨü΢ǵķȥͼ߰˸ʿԶ˹
һǸòʵӣͷڣϽۣ̤ѥϷŨҵʥǴʥѹȷҰ
ڴ˵󣬸߸ʿÿ˶ˡ
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ҰбһĨɱŮԼ鷳ҲˣȻˣǾͱԼĺˡ
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貨ĿŷҰһĨԹĿ⣬ƺѾ˷ҰɱһĻ
Ұɫƽ̲ĵǧ֣ûͻƵʥ磬治֪ԽдӺζ
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ҰɫɨһۣžתƵǸ貨ϣĵ㸸룬ɵļλһǿΧɱңҷɱȡ
貨Թĵ㲻ýƱˣֻ֪һʵɱҸףɱɵڶ೤ϣɣ
ҰҡҡͷĿٴתƵʣµǼϣƽѯʵҲɱ𣿡
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ܺãҶͷˡҰһ˸£ʧԭأ˲ڽǼһǰ쵶лһĨѤõĻȡ
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ͷ˳ȥǵϻǲмЦݣҽжδܷͻڤò绨貨ҲһնɱϻЩԹɫδȥ
ҰӰٴγԭأĿĮȻŶȻ£ˡ
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ͫȻȫëɫ쳣ѿ
ոѾ˷Ұ֣Ǹ־ߵˣ˵ҰΪѾԶ֮ϣ
µǳŭҲԼпܲǷҰĶ֣ܻôͣȻ֮ȫʥϣһԲתߡ
ȻˣͲˡҰȻʥһɺ嫵ʱ֮ϣƺԽʱգıȭͷųâĺĺɱ˹ȥ
ܵҰĶͻأĳһɫʥǹֳŷҰ̳һǹǹâ춯أǿж˺ѿһ޴Ŀռѷ졣
Ұ˫ĿޱȣȭͷܵĺǱɫǹâϣһȭǵǹâصǹϡ
䣡
һƵ촫Ұһȭǹ⴦˼ѷ죬ѷٱ󣬺ܿǹպȻը
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ԶȺŴ͵˶Ŀ࣬ǱɫʥǹһʥȴҰһȭ䱬ˡҰʵ̫ǿˣ
ܵɣſһѪŭշģʹգȻĻҲҪ汳
ҵ汳ʸ񣡡Ұ䣬һ̫һ̫ӡɱ˹ȥ
̫̫ӵصİټϷҰʱ䷨˲䴩գӡ˹ȥ
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һ̤ʥı˪ϷʥԼǿ״̬չ˳
ɱңҲùͷϵ˸貵Ĺ⻪ŭŲٿŷҰɱ˹ȥȫء
ųҰɫŹֵķ֣Լ۳ûȣ̫Сˣ
Ұϸֳһ˿ĮЦݣ˫۸ԳһԵĽͬʱסұ˲䵽˶ͷĸǰ
һŭĺУͷϵתŷҰɱ˹ȥ
Ұɫ䣬ٴγһѤôĿ˲䵽˶ͷǰһӴ­
һɵı˪Ӱͷ­гʧҪӴܣꡣ
ҰһһƽɢС
Ҳһʥߣѹǿսǧ꣬ȴҰ׵ˣԶս˶һֲʵĸо


686 ۵
ϵҲʧҰĽ˵Ĵָ
ҰٴηصǼʴʹϣͼЩڵȺ͵ʿԾΪÿһ·Ҹ
ҰЦ˪һɱңҲǾȡҲɱ֮ˣ躦¡Ȼ˴ضΪ˷صʮأǼʴʹܹһδʮˣҶȥҲ޷
Щʿ϶¶һ˿ԥɫʥ͵ݶޱȣ֪Ұʥ֮ѾҸҰһʹˡ
Ұҡͷ̾ϢνŵȺҲֻǱȸλһûбҪη֮ġľܽ׸߾磿ҲգλľҲǿ
Ұԣ˶΢΢£
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ֻǼ̫ҫ۵콾е׳־ѱĥȥ룬ʧȥǹһǰĳ徢
񱻷ҰѣһĿжٴȼ˶־ȱиǼʴʹ֮УŷҰһ
Ŵ˿ͷһһʿ̤뵽Ǽʴʹ֮УĵŷҰһ
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Ұ͵Ʒ㣬ͷһûѡõطȻģҾѩ߶һ£Ҹ
Ʒæʦ˵ЦˣͷѩᷭϼôµģﻹҸҪ𰡣
ҰҲǿ󣬵Ц֮ҽ֮أȡ裬ˣ·ɡ
Ʒϲ̵ĵȴ·һЩ׼ҩҲǶеķشȥ
ŷҰǰУҰеԼѩǸȷѡ
ַشһƶҪǧϾҰҲķȫռˣûҵһġ
ѩԸ뷽ҰҰҪ⸽Ҹ滹治ס
Ʒ췽Ұһ˽뵽һɵ¥֮УǶ쵽˹棬Ůϲ裬ͼҴ˳ȥ
Ƭ̣һŵ˽Ŀֱ˷Ұϣ΢΢£ĵ֪ʦݹ٣ƺʧԶӭˡ
ǸʥǿߣѾȴ͸Ұ
ڣѾƷղŸ˵ЩȻƷ㽫ҰЩðʧʱҲʧ˰
Ұ˰֣ƹƷָղӦѾ˵ˣһ£۵ҩֻҪһˡ
ƺĵһ䣬ôãȻѾӦ˷ʦҼ̷Ըȥѩڳøʦʹá
ҰҡͷҵĵҩܰڳۣһֽǮһֽҲò˶ĳأֻҪ˴Сҿ䷿Ͳɡ
ƺȻЦȻʦѡ䣬Ǿɣ֪ʦЩҩ
ҰЦеƺ죬Ȼ۵ҩ飬ƹҲ˵˴δǺϵҳ۵ĵҩãȫУҪǰ㽲ס
ƺͷȻæȻƾŷʦǵⶼᷭϺüﻹ췽ʦ۵ҩã
Ұĵ˵ͷֶһС񱮣дϻȡһŵҩƷʥҲϾΪֹ
ϻгӵеÿһֵҩơλģȻǼְƷʥ
ʥʥԪʥ겻𵤡ȫǰˡƷʥʦ㾹ȻѾǸƷʦˣƺԾĲ˫Ŀ˸˷ܵعâ
ƷЩͬҰһʹʿҲȫһգգĶϵЩҩƣѣ˹ȥ
ҰЦŵͷҶѣλҪȡҩĻھͿóˡ
ĸϣҪŲɵ
ϣһŸɵ
ҪһɵûвϣҿϾȡ

ʱøгƵҰһһĽҪĵҩݸǣЩͨͨ뵽ƿռ֮С
õԼĲϣȺһĶŷҰлȥ
ЩҪһ㶼ƷɵûһҪƷʥģƷʥҲǿġ
ȵЩ˶ȥƺ츸Ӷ˻û뿪ƺ˴֣ʦҪһſʥҲֵֻҩвֲϣ֪ܷϾȡ
ҰЦϾ˵ѾûжЧˣȰռǲֲóɡ
ƺ콫ռĿʥĲ϶ϣֱӽһҩĶӴָ˳ʮ꣬󲿷ֶͬƷ֡
ҿ乻󣬲ȻŲ¡
ҰЩϣԳƬ̣Щϵ಻࣬ȫ޷ƳµĿʥȴ١ɣܹóһϾҿԸſʥ
ãɽƺˬĴӦڵһģ֮гһϾƵƮҰ
ҰҲ׳ȥƿ˳ֽӹϾֽеЩ
ƺ쿴ƿеŲŰƵʥЦ˻һƿݸƷ㣬֮ĽһƿٴŷҰֵл
ſʥڲԶĽǸ˶ܹΪʥߣ
ƺԼռЩϻϺü֡ҰǸҲдˣƷʥһϾһšƷʥϾһš
һϾЩռĲϣͻȡſʥռ˴ˡ
ңҰעļ۸񣬾͸еĵ׼۲ˡ
ȥƷʥܹʮϾۺϳϾЩƷʥܳϰϾ࣡
Ҫԭ򣬻ǰƷʥ̫ϡˣܹľ͸ˡ
ڶ˵꣬ڶϾϧȱĵҩǰƷʥֵҩͱʷϵЩǸĹˡ
ھ˵ƷʥԺ벹䣬ûˣµİƷʦ
ǣƷʦô׾ܹģ
Ұô͵ļ۸۰ƷʥЩԴҪһţ


687 
ɵɵɵԪɵɵģпʥʥԪʥ겻𵤣
һʿѩҳӵţ̲ס˳۾ٴ˹ȥ
ѩ͵شضΣǸʿδ䣬ڶʿĿͻ۵ѩϣѩܿͻ˺ѹѹһȺˡ
ɵܹӾʿٶȣԾʿӵ
ɵܹӴͻƵĸʣЩòǵĺõõ
Ļǿʥ콾ܶڰʥϣʼ޷ͻƵʥ;磬ֿɼʵĵҩǷ
ֵҩΨаƷʦܹƳĵ¥ûг۵ģҪֵҩΨȥ챦̻С
ֻǣÿһļ۸񣬶һİʥܹܵģǼʮ겻һΡ
ϱעļ۸񣬽еͼ۸࣬ǿ񱮵ʿȫˡ
һѶϢͬ˳ȥ
и鼤ѯ˳ƸаƷʥۣĵҩҲϻȡһţ
ƺЦֵŵѱʱʦѩ󣬵ҩǷʦȻģض˵ʦĹأϻȡһŵҩ֮Ҳ޷ֺš
ʦڵʮпʼ۵ҩˣ͵ˣ벻ȻƷʥܹƳ
Ʒʦ˵ʥΨʥ߲ܹƳ˵ʦѾͻƵʥ߾ˣ
ϻȡһŵҩ˵ѩôô󷽣ԭ˷ʦ
ǷʦʮضҪ䶯ˣƷʦʥ߶󡣡

ƺĻ䣬Ⱥоһľ̾в˶ѩмˡ
ʱҰʵѩ¥ﴫҰڴ˶лλҩǷĳҩޣȵȵáòϻȡĻϻȡһŵҩϲģİƷʥĲϴ档ϾĻ϶ۡоŴ桢ߴʥҩ䱦Ҳ˵һ䣬ĿռޣÿɽˣźöӣвߣһŲ
ŷҰһ仰£ҺȺԾ˶УҶ黹ڲ׳С
ܿ죬ǰľǸŵĻߣ鼤߽ѩĶ¥УҰһµĺľӺ棬ЦԼ
ʦ빺һöʥżȻõһϾǷԹһöǸߵЩгһСϾ˷Ұǰϡ
ҰĿ¶һ˿ɫҲû뵽һȡҩľҪƷʥеĿʥһֱȡһϾ
ҰһϾЦϾǷǳԻһſʥ
˵ţҰֱóһƿϾԱߣ˳ֽϾ
տžͻȡһϾҰҲĺá
Ǹ߼Ŀƿǿŵҩϵİ˵ƣϲʤɽĴ򿪿˿ָϽƿŷҰллʦ
ҰͷǸóʮģϣʦռЩҩܻܲȡɵ
Щҩ겻ݣƲɵȱټ֣ǻưƷʥʥϡ
ʥԾͰʥļָʥҪǿҲǹģڶʿ϶ռ
ҰЩϣֱóƿϣЦЩϣҿԸŲɵ
߿ƿŵҩϵߵƣҲٿƿ飬ĵллʦԺȻΪʥģ¸ǡ
ʥǶ԰ƷʦĳƺҰڻֻܹƳƷǵҩҲֻЦЦûж˵ʲô
߸ոճȥͼ˶Ŀ⼱еԼв˶̲סѯ˳ôǲǷʦǲôĵҩ
ȥ֤ڣǸѹסеļ˵һ䣬ʹæ뿪
ŵôӣӦǵõҪĵҩ
ȷǷʦǰĻʲôȥÿ·
ʦ˵ˣһȥȡһȥɡ
Ǹߵ̬֮У˶²һ˶̲סߴ
Ǹȥ˶ˣһӽȥˡ
Ƭ̣˶ˣڵɫ˵ȥԿڱĽĿ˷ȥ
ܿ죬ѩڶʿѩԾ˶УԽԽʮ˵Ϣǿ߶½˹Ⱥѩ⣬Ҫɵʥ
ѩĸƺת˼ȦɴŪ˸ƣǰ˹ȥҪӣ˾ͲŶˣȺʱѩѡһЩıר˺ŽȥҷҰȡɵʥ
һеЧӿԽԽ࣬ѩкܿͱ׭ԼһһЩҩҲȥ˲٣ƺֵúϲ£͡
ʿ࣬ǳ˸տʼǸŵĻ⣬ûܹϾûܹƷʥĲϣһҲռļְƷʥĲϣҲƷɵ
֮󣬷ҰѾȥٿƷɵҲмҵ׷Ĵ˴˴
ƺһ̬ӭ˹ȥЦףⲻĻ¥ƹʲôСˣƹǳҩĵĴϰ壬ѵҲҪЩҩ𣿡
Ǹ̬ЦеĵƹǺøȻ˷ʦҵĽҵҩĵģʦҵĸǣŷʦ͸ˡŵĿɹģ֪ҪȵʲôʱǼϽˣ֪ƹɷȽȥ
ƺ¶һ˿Ϊѵɫҡͷƹ֪ŶӿǷʦ׿˵ģӣҲﲻ㡣
ƹüͷת˼ȦһƷʥӦҲ࣬Ŷŵ̲ˣȻ޷ӣҾǰ˹ƣܲǻ˹ذɣ
Щ˵ģӶĺܣܿ뵽ôӡ
ƺЦҡͷҲֻҪԷͬ⻻ȡӦû⣬Էͬ⻻ȡң¾Ͳˡ
ƹЦĵİɣò׵ȵʦˣһаƷʥۣҿɲ졣
˵ţǸƹ񷢹¥ݿڵȺȺɨһȦЦӯӯӭȥһֱż̵ʿ򣬵ѣþòʲôɵģ
еǸʿͷƹЦԭƹ񰡣Ҫȡһɵ˵ԺдءȺ˰죬ڿˡ
ǸƹóָݸЦѣҲˣϾ㹻κεطһɵˡҲ뻻ȡһЩҩֻλ̫ˡ
ԭƹҪư˵˵΢΢£ɫϲĽӹöָʶȤĽƽ˳
Ұڶ¥һĻȻ˫ͬ⣬ûҲûרųֹϵİƷʥޣһЩҵ׷ļһܹĳȥ
ҰֹѩбҲʼ߼۹ǰĺƣòС׬һʡ
ֵܿǸƹ񣬷ҰҲЩ棬˻Ͼ˸ǰĺƣҪȡʥҪȡɵ
ڴˣҰҲһ˿Ȥ


688 ջ
ƹӯ̤뵽˹УžŷҰһ񣬹ĵĻ¥ƹ־Ҫҩĵģܹʦҡ
ҰüëµĵŶԭƹ񣬲֪ƹҪȡʲôҩ
ƹֵݸҰһöָЦĵҰĻ¥ڵһЩҩһЩܻЩʲôɡ
Ұӹָעһ˿Ҳ¶һ˿ɫĲϻ治١
ƹǿҩĵģƷҩĲ϶׼ٸƷҩĲҲ׼ĸһǿʥĲϣʣµĻʮְƷʥĲϣԼʮƷҩϡ
˲ʥͣȴܹĸƷʥĲϣҲȷܿɹˡ
ҰջؾЦҶµĹأҿԸһʮƷɵſʥʣµİƷϣҿٸһʥԪΣ
ƹϲɫæͷûлʦ
ƶϣʣµЩܹȡһЩƷɵͲˣû뵽ҰȻһŰƷʥԪֱ̫ˣ
Ұƿ˳ЦŵлҸȡ裬Ӧõĵҩ
ƹеʢʥƿ£ĻϲŷҰȥ
ƹЦݵ뿪ѩʿӻˣƹǸǰвٴдӺ뿿ǰʿй˺룬Ⱥѩʿš
Դƹߺмҵ׷ϰȥǶûƹЩϣǴ˷ļҵҲ÷Ұ˺üϾϾʮ֮࣬һڲ֮С
ʮصͼͳ춼ˣҲû˸üӣȫʵʵĸҰ˵ҩ
ЩһﻹûǼϰļҵ׷񣬵Ҳ÷Ұõ˲ٺô
ƹѩ湻𱬵ģһ˽ֱ۱ȳԳЩԳңңƺкӦǸԳʿ
ƺæӭȥЦĵ벻ѳԵѳӦҲΪ˷ʦĵҩɣ
ѳˬʵЦ˾Ϊ򷽵ʦһЩҩó˾͸ϲˡ
ǰǸʿһеĺ͸˴ˣЦŵѳþòǳԼ󷨵Сԣϴǧϼˣķ˸ʤƷϾ˷ˣ͸ѳɡ
ѳֽӹƣ¶һ˿ЦݣԭС԰ҳ飬ҲܰҪģǸʥĶƣ㽻ġ
ʿ֣ջڷѳǫ£
ѳΪһ֮ʱҲ˿ʵ
ֵܿ˷ѳߵ֮͵ʦᣬܹȡ˳ɾͣ
⻹ǷҰӭӵĵһλʥߣҰܹܵϷʥֻǸԼȣһЩ
ҰЦѳҲÿˣҪЩҩ
ѳֱӳϾϣֱ˵ĵʦ˿Ҳ֪ĹأҴϾҪȡһöʥһöʥԪһöʥ֪ʦ˴û⼸ֵҩ
ҰϾóƿݸѳЦѳˬ죬Ҫĵҩ
ѳõЩҩ֮󣬲΢΢˿Щҩϵİ˵ƺͼǹ⣬Ҳٿ飬ɾŷҰȥ
ѳߺ󲻾ãʮصĻʥʥҲˣ⾹ȻǸͷ׶ƯŮӣüһ͵ӡǡ
ʿó˺ƣҲóһɵֵʥһĻ˳ȥǽ
ҰʥҲЩ⣬û뵽ʮصĻʥǸŮӣˡ
ʥֱóʮϾĵҪȡһʥһ겻𵤡
˴ӹﶼ͸һ⣬̫֮ҰҲƽϣóƿǰϣ̲ĵպã
лˣŵҩϵЩƣʥϵıŻһЩŷҰлһתȥ
ҰҲΪ⣬˳ŵҩ
һʱ䣬˷ҰԼµļŵҩ⣬ƵЩʥͱһˣʥɾˣٵ˶ڲ
ʥԪ겻Ҫ˲࣬Ҳ˽ˡ
ÿеҩգҰͻὫֵҩĨȥˡ
֮ڣҰİƷʥȫϡ
º󣬷ҰƵеҩϣ򵽵Ķ˸߲ң򲻵Ķʧѡ
µʱ䣬ҰƷɵö۰ƷʥʮöÿöƷɵҲÿ˼ö
γ۵ҩҰ׬˸ӯƷʥĲ֣ҰƿռеĲһٸİƷʥ
Щ⣬ҰõϾһһʮϾԼڣƷɵĲ¡
ʮеʿռĲҲ޵ģƷɵĲϸھռĲ࣬ʿϾġ
ѩʱҲ׬׬ڵȺŽҩʱҲѩٵЩѩҲմ˲ٹ⡣
ҩϣҰƺ츸˸ǣҰǾȥˡ
ϾڷҰ˵ЧѾˣɴЩϾȥһ챦̻ᣬȫϾֱʣҲΨ챦̻ܹӵС
ΪϾϾʮһҰҲȡʮϾټϵһһʮϾõһʮϾ
챦̻ĵ̵ȷǹģʮϾ˳÷Ұ챦̻ʶˡ
ЩҰҲڵʮͣٴ̤·źظ˹ȥ


689 ʥɱ
Ұʥˣȴûڵһʱϸʮһȥսħ壬صĵ·ϲǰС
ҰȻȥʮһսħ壬𵽵ȴκһ˶Ҫ޴󡣷Ұһ·ƷɵͰƷʥ֮һһǿͻƳʥȲǿ
ҰˮƽȲߣƷɵǧöһƣưƷʥĳɵҲԭ߳˰˾ųɡ
һҰʱֻ̣Ҫµʱ䣬ͿԽеĲƳɵҩǸ۵ҩʱˡ
ˮƽߣеϾҲԽԽࡣ
ʮһأҰֵõϾٶϵʮãʮϾ
ʮأõϾ
ʮأõ˰ʮϾ
Ұʮ߳ʱõϾѾһǧһٶ
ҰԼڰԸ̾ڶеĵ̫ˣϾӵôࡣ
Ȼ⻹ΪƷʥԵʣǷҰܹƳƷʥҪõϾûôס
ʥ֮·ϵΣնڷҰûж谭ٶҲֻ࣬ڵ֪ĳЩʱ򣬲Żǰһ
ҰﵽʮصʱʱŹȥһ롣
ʱ䣬Ұûн뵽ε֮Уʱ߶ȼУҲٴʮʥϡ
ʮ֮󣬷Ұֱӽ뵽һƬʱҵ֮Уһ޴ʯϲ²֮󣬾ͽ뵽Լ֮С
һǧһٶϾҰһƬжһŨҪգ˳ȫë뵽ڣǿڵΪ
ҰĬ˾ƹֳӰʮޱȵھ֮䴩ֱγ˸У
ŷҰͻƵʥ߾磬ϾٶҲ˽ʮϾ̺İתΪΪ
ﬡ
ҰΪԽԽһһҰ˳ڷҰݰ趯š
һ֮󣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣŴǧľ֣ʮ衣
һʱ䣬ҰһǧһٶϾ棬ĵ˽Ͼ»˶ʮڵϢԨƺͭɫļݷŻɽӿĿ
Ұ¶һ˿΢Ц
εľ޴õĺôҲԹһʱͻ˶ʮٶѾĿˡ
Ұƣں纣ֻ̧һƬʱ򣬱ƬµľͬƵܿ˲
ҰгǧٴλһƬ貵ʱ䷨סһֻеͼֻ뵽֮УʹҲ޷ֹ
Ұֻֽŵĵ˵ͷʥ߾ʿʱٺʱ
ȻܹƵʱޣܹƵķΧҲ󣬵ս֮ʱֻҪһ˲ĳٻͿ֮
ҰǿнԼĵһ飬ٴθо˲񼼵Ŀ£ɵð̾һ
뵱õʥҩҲ֪ãҪʥҩʱЩʥҩǲˣԽ˺üأҲûܹҵһʥҩƳ˰ƷʥҲûʥҩȡ
Ұμӹʥҩһָʥҩ룬˶ʮϾļ۸ΪҵʥҩҲףڲŷԼˡ
ʥҩԼСǵһСʥҩĽǧʥҩֵߣҪõʥҩҲҪϾܹõ
Ұѡ˸޴ʯԼħӡ
ħӡڤħµĻħʥ֮Ѿȸ䡢롢֮һʥ似ҪǿĶࡣ
ҰõȸĴСʱҪҲ뵽ħӡ֮С
º󣬷ҰѾõһ˿뵽ħӡ֮УʹħӡøӰԵһЩǻԶԶϲ񼼵
ҰҡҡͷĽ֮󣬽뵽֮УٴμƶܵЩһһƳɵҩ
ҰƵҩѾ죬µʱ䣬ͽƷɵٿŰƷʥ˳
ڷҰʱ򣬺Ȼоҡ£ƶǿƵİƷʥܵӰ죬һը¯ˡ
Ұɫ΢΢£ô˵ڶǿеǸڵ㹥
û̫ǿĽƣʱܵ綼ʼҡ
Ұֳһ˿ͼʮħ彫ԼǿյĽڵΧסǿ޴ʯѾˡ
Ұʱŭͷһʹг˳ȥʮǵصķΧŵЩħȫ˳ȥ
ЩΧҰħ󲿷ֶЩԲʿһЩǰʥʿֵܹסĹʮ˵ͱҰһѪǡ
ʱҰȻӦһħӿ˼Ľƶ˳ȥԼ
䣡
һ޴ĺǿѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬ҰϢɢҵķԶǶһ˿Ѫ
ҰͷȥͼԶһħڵɴ˫۶Լ˫ĿгһѪɱ⡣
͸ǿհ䣬ʥ죬·ǿںһ𣬾Ͷ֮䶼̺һԵĵϡ
ҰԴ˲İڰͭԶݵĻħʥ
ħʥͨħʥһħʥ
ʥʥڣٿԻٵһ˿ϢܹݳϢʱԶʥҪ̵öࡣ
ʮżû㾹ȻѾﵽزʻ죡ħʥһҰĿ𾪡
Ұû뵽˾ȻҵԼŻ״ʥĵôͭû㣬ָҳQˣ
ħʥһУҰնɱЩħʥʬͺȻըһɹɾĻ籾ԴϢȫ۵˻ħʥڡ
ħʥ˸ãɭĻӦСӣϴξ⽫뵽ǿ½ϵģɥʧУҿһЩֶΣǿһ˷һŰƷǵ߾ԪŻָ˹ϵĺö٣óҰɣ
ҰգԵ쵶У˾һʵ쵶ɢһķâȻϻ˵ҵҪʥк˲𣿡


690 ս
ƶڷҰͷתҰսȻŶĻ״ʥ쵶˸ŶĿĵâͬս·
״ʥĿ̰ĴӷҰƶӹڷҰе쵶棬촽Цշģ˻죬õƶõ˼⣡ӽЩȫˣ
ϻ࣡Ұһȫľ뵽е쵶֮У쵶ųһĨ貵âŻ״ʥŭն¡
״ʥ˵һ³ٵͬһɫħһܷ˲۳һǹֱ쵶ǰĹ켣ϡ
䣡
һ춯ص촫ײǿձݣ񱩵Щʯȫ΢СĿ
ҰֱоԼնһ̫ħɽ棬÷ҰһѪڡ
״ʥΪ̫ǿˣٵһǹѹѹķҰòƴȫӦ
һ˸˺󣬷Ұɫأǻ״ʥɫǷǳɡ
״ʥϵϸƬ֣ϷʵЦշģȻڶʱڻʮǸȹ̡ңԽڣÿȼ֮ĲԽⲻֶοֲģĽļգ
Ұе쵶һԽХеս⾪Զƶҷ쵶Ż״ʥɱ˹ȥ
ʥߺʹʥ֮Ĳ࣬ԿԽģҾʶʶʥ״ʥЦһִ̧һƬ貵ʱ򣬽Ұڡ
Ұ˾뵽һƬֹʱУ˼άǱסˣŻӶ쵶ƣͬһеСƵģһˡ
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ؼʱ̣Ұͷƶ𶯣˿˿Ƶɫ⻪Ұڡ
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εǶ֮еǧϾҰȹ쳣ȻĻħص֮£Ұͱˡ


691 ԡѪ
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Ұɫأ˫紩ƵĿٽӡһ֯źϺɫӡ˫֮Ӷ̺һصİԾƣֱŻ״ʥӡ˹ȥ
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ʱ侲ֹ״ʥһִ̧Ƭʱ򣬽ļʥȫС
ͬʱ״ʥеϽɫս꪿趯ȺĽļʥ˳ȥ
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ըļʥԶԱ˿Ȼ״ʥ̫Զǲûи̫˺Ǳ˼öƬ
ʣµҰȫɫ΢䣬ʥԱκβ˻״ʥȷеˡ
ʱͷƶǵӰɫ΢ʶؿ˿֣¶һ˿΢Ц
ҰʣµһۣԵ˵ͷһȫҫ񽣽һĨѤõĽâն˻״ʥеϽɫս棬޴ĺ
ʱҰȻ֣һĨ貵̹ӷҰƷɳ˲ҫ񽣽⽩ֵĻ״ʥɱ˹ȥħ
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ħ״ʥɫ䣬ʧ˳ٵڳǰ
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ħʮ˲㣬ÿһħһ޴磬ÿж񺿵ŸֲֿɭȻ򣬶ݵĵֵסħѹ
ҰӰȫıʥй켣ħĹ·
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ŨҰڣºϾĵ߰ҰҲٴλָ۷״ֻ̬ǱħѹסĻ״ʥûг
ҰֳϵһǼʴʹ֮Ӵʹ󷵻ص˵ʮ֮С
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ţŰܵǷҰǰֵ÷зģڸʮˡ
¶һ˿Цݣ촽һ㶯ߵﶼֵܹĴԵˡ
ҰŰͷֽһƿϣͰЦ벻棬û뵽ߵһףǡƿеĶãҸǵһ񡣡
ƿǲ͸ģɵĴƿǣȻŵδɢʱֿٵĸƿǡ
𾪣֮󣬲΢ָһЩЩ٣ŷҰЦֻǴֱʣЩһ᲻ƴˣ³ܲ𡣡
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ĿŵҩΪ֣ǿʥʥÿһֵҩţרΪͰ׼ġ
ҰЦŰɣԼƵģħǱߵѹԽԽ󣬻ҪΪ


693 ھ
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ŶΪΣҰЩų¶һ˿ɫ
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Цһеʿɾиˣ֪֮ʥͳʵ١
Ұһ裬ֵͲ̧ˣҶϾ̫󣬳۵ĵҩҪҩȡģȻҿɲᵱɸˣҲ·ĵҩ
ЦȻĵߵﶼĿڵھǿͼ⣬ǵħߵأʮسʥԴʥ֮󣬺оиǿ߸ųʥˣѾվڷ۷ˡ
Ҳڼ֮ھܹΪʥˣټϵҩҪ˶þͿԳΪʥˣҲˡҰЦŻӦ
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ҰǳأħԽԽţǿкü嶼ħѹ˶
ħߵЩħΪ𽥻ָħ֮ʱҲԽԽҰٴθоһɽȸУоԼΪĻ̫ˡ
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ЩһûзҰܹӸϾȻͽѸ٣ʵȷ졣
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᳤ܻŷҰҪھʱ´˷Ұһ̵ĵھڴ˵֮УҲһֱ챦̻еޣһ㲢ۣܹóƷǵҩ
Ұ΢΢üͷھļֵԶ󣬾ȻҪƷǵҩſԻȡһڵֻƳƷǵҩҪȡھ֪ʲôʱſԡ
ҰƬ̣ѯʵϾȡɷ񣿡
᳤ܻɫŹֵŷҰЦھϾͬҪھϣҪΪҲҪھṩӴϵ黹йأȫϾȵġȻĶҲиֵ뻻ĻҲԣһǧϾһھ
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뵽״ʥǴνɱħؼʱ̾ѣԼ׶༪ˣһ´ϸʥĸأ
Ұݺݵҧҧãһˣ
˵ţҰ᳤ܻĿУһǧϾȫ뵽һָ֮У׸᳤ܻ
᳤ܻ˼˷ҰһۣƺҲûϵҰȻóһǧϾ֮󣬲ſЦŷҰ˴ĴָʦȻˬˣҲֻܶһھȡ
᳤ܻ뿪Ƭ֮󣬾ͽһָҰһھ
ǣҰѯʥҩģû뵽ȡһھҼ˵׶ʱҲˣ᳤ܻһͿ첽ȥ
Ұ浣ģԼڼͣƬ̣Լͻ᲻ûˡ


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ҰԺһ翵ҵһھҿ԰һΡ
ҰﶼڵѪǸħһҪϾ÷ҰԽˣµãżһӾʧȥǧϾ㷽ҰЩܲסˡ
뵽ż԰ԼһΣҰжЩοżǸһǽ״̬бڣܹӳʥɣ
ңż֮лôʥߣҲ֪ûдʥʥͷųҲһǿս
ںھѾż˽ȥ㷽ҰҲ޼ˣԿٶһű
ȻĻӵǧϾɱˣǾٶϾҲ޼ˡ
ҰѾͰǣҲȥǣֱغ󷽣ٴ̤·
ڵʮ֮УҰõϾİٶԭе߰ʮϾӽ
ڵʮ֮УҰϾٴλָһǧҡ
ڵʮ֮УҰרŵţһϢȥһƬжһŨϢһɷǳǿҵԹ
ţһ屻ħ壬Ұڴ˴ĬãȭͷͳĵţһĵѰϢɣһħ帶۵ģ
Ұųص飬ٴηصʮ֮УƳĵҩ۵ٴεõϾ
ʮأҰϵϾﵽǧ
ʮأǧٶ

Ұﵽʮصʱ򣬷ҰϵϾҲﵽǧֱ֮࣬һ֡
ҰǧָħһǧʣµһǧϾ뵽ƶ֮С
Ұ׬ǮٶȣħǳҰһǧϾʱħǳŵҽǧϾ֮ұ㴫һ񼼡
񼼣ҰһĿ¶һĨϲɫ
ħϾĵʱȲһҪЩϾָҲҪ֮ˣʱٴһ񼼣񼼡
ҰһƬȣ̲סѯʵʲô񼼣
ħƵʲô񼼣Ͳùˣ񼼲ˡҲûã簲ȥС
Ұɵеħӡǣɻĵ㲻Ǹô񼼣
֪ģڡħĻƵᣬ÷ҰǳΡ
ҰħƢѾ˽ˣħ˵ĻһҲʲȻ
ҰҲ֪ħ˵󻰣Ȼħ˵˵Ϊʥ֮ᴫһ񼼣Ǿ;ʳԡ
һ֮ҰѾ̵ˣħԵ񼼣ҰҲڴ
ħ˵ûϢǽǧϾȥָȥˡ
ħָΣҰƶĻָúܡ
ԴǧϾ뵽񶦿ռԺ͸ͱŨ౶ƿռе˸طģá
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ҰǧϾһϥ棬˶ŨĻȫתƹϾ̺İ޾
󣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣаʮһ裬ÿһһɫƵģ͸һɹǿϢ
ʱУҰ˷ѵϾŻʮԭʮһ𣬹ưʮһõ÷ҰΪҲȲš
ҰΪѾĹˣȻʣµϾ㹻ͻƵʥģǷҰȴټȥˡ
ٶ̫ˣһζУȻᵼ¸ȶӰ쵽յһǲǷҰҪġ
ʱУҰϵ̷ɵõڵʥϵѹֻۣ˰ʱ䣬ԼΪȹ
ڷҰصʱħԺ𣺡СӣǧϾĵĲˣΪҲ㲻ˣұ㴫һ񼼡
Ұ˲ûǰħҪһ񼼣Ⱥôãħھˡ
񣡡ħȻһ
Ұһ࣬ϥԭأ˲ͽ뵽һֲϲľ֮У·شںһҡ
Ϊߣе˼£˲Ϣ֮Ϳߵĺǣٶȿ쵽£൱Яеĳߡħٴ𣬳˹ӲɣζƺǴԶŴƵġ
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ޱȵĻ滯ΪһϵĴÿһԴӨȻһɹӯϢӡ˷Ұ
Ұȫ뵽˴֮УӦʱţ޾Ĵһĸ֮С
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ҰŸոտʼУܹ˲Ϣȵе˸֮ľ͸еĳƵġ
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Ұصڶʮأûмų۵ҩ˸ջס£Լڲǰ
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Ұӿջгǰľ¥֮Уٴδ˸ָСϢ
ħɱʹ壬նɱʹʿ򣬹ؼʱ̣ʹһϹŶѣħͷʥնɱħȳ˻ȥ
еľŴ챮ִħ壬Ϳ̿鶼ħУеĸϵĳǳر˴֮ĳԶŵֶϵһ𣬸֮Ҳγˣħ塣
崫ַһǰʥõϵ컯еľĵڤҶһţϧǰնɱĵڤҶȥ
ʮһ֮Ϊʮ죬ʮ˲̺һɰԻ
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쳾ڶʮ˹صõˮϵ컯еľħʥ׷ɱ֪ǷѾѡ
ϵ컯еı׻ʮسʮλ콾һᣬձߡ

һһϢ뷽ҰУҰϢʱ̲ס¶һ˿Цݡ
׷ɱһƬޱ׺֮Уõ컯еĺ٣޾׺ȫڣ߳һڲͬĵ·
СӾȻѾߵʮ֮Уܹʮλ콾ж±׻СӼпҲʥˡ
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Ұڵڶʮ֮ѹһžʹ뿪أ뵽֮С
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ҰüëһӰ˸£ʹӵڶʮг˳ԶԶͼһУܷħʥƵˡ
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Էѩɵտѩڴܵ˴֮ˣѾüûٳֹˣ֪Ƿĸ֮С
ңַҲħͷУ컯ĵڤҶˣҲǸ򵥵Ľɫ
û뵽ʱ򣬷ȻֳˣֱҰ
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˫δϵҰٶȾȻ֮죬ĶЩӦ
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ҵĵԼߣҵֻԼҰգĲ顣
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ǵ嵽Ұߵʱ򣬴֮Ȼ˸һɫըף̺Żصж˿˿˲䵽˷Ұǰ
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ڣֵˣҰЦһһգԵ쵶У͸һ޵еİԾһĨҫ۵â˲ն˷ǰ
ѼʶҰٶȣʱδκλңܹһҵĿ磬гһ״ĹУ˸һķУʲõӭ˷ҰİԾһ
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ҰͷԼͬĸ˺ŸԵıңңŶԷ
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ֱŷҰԺ˹ȥܵʮδסֱֺԼ档
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췢һʹĴ·뵽һֿµĻþ֮Уħ£ͷȫֵеǹ
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ҰɴƬǿһͣ£УĸؼĴԼĵһһӡ֤
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ҰħеǼǿĴɵȥħ壬ʱħʥ߾Ȼ۸ͷˣҰưոݣ
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㲻ɱңɱңһɱģǸħʥ߾ϳ˾֡
ңʦү˶ûãҰԵһȭͷݺݵغǸħʥߵԴϣǸħʥߺķǣΪ籾Դ֮ʧڰС
ڷҰնɱħʥߵʱ򣬶ȻԶǿдһɺ嫵Ϣħǵأһŭ쳹Ƭ򣺡˸ɱֶ
ҰϢоΣյǵϢѾԿ϶ˣħͷǸħʥ


698 ʥ
ǵħӰħݺᣬ˲ͿԽǺӣ˷Ұߣ̧ŷҰԾһȭ
ȭһѹ˹ǹɰѹķҰ嶼һּĸоͷڷ죬ΨеĹâ
Ǹȭͷ϶ȻֳһһɫͬһƵģǸȭͷڣ͸һǿʥѹĸն뵽һֹʱ֮С
ҰһַǳƵĸоֱоǸȭͷµʱ䶼ڵȭͷ̺ĵУҰ֪ᷢʲô顣
Σʱ̣Ұͺһһɫâ˺أ˲䵽Ǹȭͷǰ棬ȫҫ񽣵Ľ⼤˳
Ұʥܹ֮ӳҫ񽣽ԶҪǿö࣬ǸȭͷӴ֮һɺ嫵ڵ
ҫ񽣵ĽһɲԣݺݵնǸȭͷ棬һѰĺƺըƵģҫ۵Ĺâ
ҰΪħʥ̫֮ˣ㷽Ұҫ񽣵Ľ⣬ɴǸȭͷϸоһƥеĴҫ񽣵ĽƬ̣͹⻪û뵽˷Ұڡ
ܵɣҰֱоȫľǱ˺ƵģһѪɲͣɫ԰ޱȣŶ棬ȴûеͷߡ
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żӦ﷽ҰһΣҰδõǸᣬʱһʥҰҲûʲôµġ
Ǹ⾹ȻǸǸħʥһͷӦ˹ǷҰ
ӸոǸ棬ħʥܵһϢ̺ڰ޾Ľ֮СϢΨд˵еҫ񽣲ܹӵС
ҫ񽣵ĽڷҰϣ֪ħʥƾϢƲ˷Ұݡ
ңҰȻӦһʥҰҲû˿ɫ
ҰϣǸħʥųѪɫħ⣬ɭȻЦ٣̤Ьٴȫѹħ嶼Ϊжд̣ȴײˣ춼ھң
ҰĮĵ𣿺ܿͻ֣ᷢⲢھ㣬ھ㡣
ǸħʥԹЦڽŷҰŵĵҽЦЦʥߣ֮лܹݺ£һʥ㻹ûʸ
ʥʥͺڵǿߣСΧڵĿռʱ⵹ȷе˵öָоʱڵֻҪֱӰ쵽ˣͲԼˡ
ʥȷҰ󾳽磬Ҳȷʸô˵
ΪβԣҰƵŻʥǹһĨЦ⣬ƺڿһƵġ
ʥһĨɵɫ֪ҰƶҲ֪Ұϵƶǳȱ޷Լ̫в
Ҳ֪ҰӵħħҲֻܶʥΣգʥ˵Ҳ𲻵ʲôá
ǣҰŵЦݣʥЩòˣѵҰϻֶβɣ
ʥŷҰֶڶ࣬ȴһֱΪЩֻԶﴫŷҰܹԼʲôвҰ˵飬ֲˡ
ҰܹħдѵĲ֪ʥɣǣ֪㲻ȥʱŻԼ
ôˣǸħʥôССʥ߲ɣҰǸֳһ˿Цݣʵңң˿ȥ
ҰͻʥţڶǿԶۿһĻоǳĹ졣
ҰǸʥߣȴǸħʥʱǻʥȴҶԷҰ֣ʥ߶ҰʥƵģԶ˶еǳĲ˼顣
ŷҰһĨЦݣʥдŭȵȻǾͱҲˣ
ʥ˵꣬ܵӳһƬʱɫħ֮УŷҰٳɱ˹ȥ
ҰԲĿųĻʥ˸һֺεɱü͸һɵĽɫ⻪
ʥ˲䵽˷ҰߣŷҰԵһȻһľĸоȫƬĸ˳ƤסĲ
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ʥָоǳϵľݵߣͷҲصʧǿңңһշģһȵ˼±ϣ㣡
һĻ˶е֣һʥһʥߵʱ򣬾Ȼˣ
ԶħǿߣһĻеǳһŷҰɫŹޱȡ
Ұոջɱ˻ʥֶǼһﾹȻ𶼲ˣͷҲصԶȥˡԶңڶǿҲ̲סڻɣѵҰϻʲôܹвʥֶβɣ
˵ˣҰԼ̲ס£ոѾܵ˻ʥʵʵɱüеľżѾҪȥˣû뵽ڹؼʱ̣ʥȻˣҲ̫Ϸ绯ˡ
ҰĿŻʥߵķ
ڸոջʥȥ֮ǰҰؼʥͻأ¶һĨŨļɵѵ˵ʥܹԤ⵽Σղɣ
ô˵ʥߣҰ˿
żֻһγֵĻᣬֻţõ֮󣬸塣ǴʱõԺΣյʱ򣬾ͻһŵƣпܾ֮
ǻʥȥҰҲûɵȥ׷ԶΧŹۿˣУصȴǼ
ʥ飬ԷҰһɷǳɵĸоҲû˸
Ұҫ񽣵ĽʥԾһʱԺоڲϵĻطŸոնԾһĻעŻʥʱ䵹˵Ĺ
ʥԾһҰǻʥĹиʱĹȻδܴʱ侲ֹҲоԼʱԽԽ̡
º󣬷Ұ˫ۣĿǿǵһ˿Цݣڳ𣿡
䣡
˲䣬һɺ嫵ϯأһӴĲԣƬǿյ˶ܵһϴƺԼľȹһЩ
ԶǿУһԴεĴӰ֣·ԳƵģӿŰ޾ܡ
ȻʮλҰѿڶ˸Ũ˷֮ɫ˲仯ֶߵ񼼣˹ȥ


699 
ʮľϵԴ۶ɣӿ޾
һǾˢκα＼ܣֻҪˢУǾͻȫʧȥܡ
֮ãڳˣһǿϢȫڵķ˹ȥû˲Ķ
Ұٶȿ£ʱ֮ڸϵõӰ·
õѻʿи忴ûʲôģŽɫǵģŲɫģ׵ʹܷħħ塣
ΧѰţҪҳı
Ұ˫ĿųһĨ貵ɫ⻪ǿյӰҲѰ䡣
ʱħǾΥڷҰԺ𣺡СӣˣҲǰ׷
Ұ˫ĿٴλָЩɻħʲô˼ǲ֪ıںη
ħƵĵҵȻ֪ˣǰӰı塣
Ұɴ˫ۣЩŵĵ壿ôãô˾޴󣿡
ħƵĵϸʱǲʲô𣿡
ҰĿٴӰ棬Ƭ֮󣬾׳ףӰȸղűøʵࡣУ˴ǿڶ࣬һûκһǿܹӰдȥ
ȻӰı壬˭ܹı֮дȥΪ˾޴㲻ʵе̫˵뵱ľżƶе硣ħ˹˵˳
ҰԺһѿڵ˼ǣҪõҪõ֮ꣿ
ħ͵ȷе˵֮顣ǲӵģƶֻǸˣҲ͸ǼһôγɵġҲֻһԣȴῪǡ
Ұ˼ĵ˵ͷڸ֮ںη
ħȵȫ֮ϵԳ̨ףһ̨ϣ֮Ӧ
ħһϯҰҲǲˣԾһԵȺԽԽʵע˸ڶǿϡ
һ÷Ұо֮ĲͬѰвǿ߶ûмѰ壬һԾصȺţҲ֪״
˴ڶǿ֮УΪߵľǸħĻʥɱϣǧ֮ûκҿ
ħ֮лʥÿħʥ϶һɰħеƬ˸ŵħƣеĳֳ壬е͸һѪȺš
Щħǿ⣬Ұһħʥߣһģһֻʮ߰ͣüĿģȴ͸һаħԡ
ϣҰܵһΣյϢѹǼʥѹҪǿ
Ұлɣ˻ҲħʮеһǣӵɵֶΡ
֮⣬ħʥܹ࣬ԷҰвĵûУٻδо
˴ʿǾЩӵĶˣΪߵ߰˸ʥǿߣһҲϵȺȫʵһ̡
Щʥ֮⣬ʥ֮УҰ˼ˣս˳аƣʤѩտѩƲеҹңͣȺš
аǸսŮӣ˶͸һս⣬Ұһǡ
Ұڵھм˴ȴûнаƴʱҲʥˣϵϢͱˡ
տѩʤѩ¹·͸һޱȵϢشʱΪһ͸Ľ⣬ѹֱ׷ʥ
ҹңʱȫںҹ֮УҹɫݣҰҲǴϤϢ֮вŸо˾ҹң
ҹңҲǸ콾ڰ¥ȴܹѹĴˣ־Ҫ¥Ϊ˵
ҹңѾʥˣ¥һˣҲ˵ŵԡ
ҹң죬ȴһЩ콾ȣв硣
⼸֮⣬ҰӺüʥߵϸܵ˳صѹһ˫ʹһȫȼ꣬ĸоΪǿң࿴˼ۡ
غħ֮еʿоԶ֪˽һЩʱв˶ͣĸȺʵ
ЩǿҲڱ˴˴ţԼĶΣкö˶һĹģ˴˵̸š
Щ˿УҰ֪Ǹʹ
ǸʹǬɱѽѷֵĹʹңӵй֮ģ·ɱ˺պ
һҲ򵥣ĻӣӵŻϵ컯е٣ҲǸǿ콾
ʱƣǿԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽʵܵ캣Ƶģܷ˸о뵽һ㡣
ȻһڰУ㣬տʣ峺͸һ鶯
ľľԶ˾ֱӵ
Ұ΢Ŀ۵ϣ˵ľѾʮһ֮սħȥˣʱô
в˵ж뷽Ұͬɻ󣬼ľв˶̲סⲻľľ𣿴Ѿʮһ֮սħȥˣ˵·תô
Ҳ˲²·ȷǲתǸ֮϶ͨȻĻÿʮ֮еĴʥʥģ
ܹҲ˷ǳĴۣߣľĵò˶оԼĻãһЩ
˵еľֳľ壬źܴϣܹõֻҪܹõ㸶ٴĴ۹Ҳֵˡ
ħпһʥڣľҪҿҲúܡ˳Ųͬ
ľ֮ĿҲΧڶǿɨһȦرǸħĻʥ϶ͣƬ̣ܿ䵽˷Ұϡ
Ұʱľ۾ȻңңŷҰĵͷЦЦ
Ұ΢΢£ڽ֮ǰҲֻ˵ľûмľˣҲľΪλԼ΢Ц
׻˵ֲЦˣľķӦҰҲЦų˵ͷǴк
ľҲûصظϹ뷽Ұ̸뷽Ұ˸к֮󣬾һԵȺĿ
ʱڳʵһ״ľ̨׳֮ϣ˵Ŀʱû


700 ľ
ϵľ̨׳ֵʱ򣬴涸Ȼһǿѹѹ˲ò·ȥɣһֱĸ
ޱȣƺƬǿգĸ֮У·ڼȡ
վ棬оԼǳСһ΢ƵģԵһ־ηĸо
尡֪˭һǵľ˹ȥ
˶Ѿ²˳֮ʲôĻǾӦû֮ϡľݣͨΨһͨ
ء
üը𣬳嵽ǰһЩʥȫըһɺ嫵ĴѹȫѣʺѪҺɫħѪһأ˳ľ̨
ľ̨ɾӨΣԴޱȣմȾ˿Ѫ
һĻõ˵жԾľҲôϵģΪϲȥҪ̨ˡ
Ҫˣ˭ܹùңʥЦһľ̤ȥܵһŨħ⣬ʧ档
ʥǴ˴ΨһһʥһΪ춯أľѹҲû̫Ӱ졣
ʥ̤ľݣҲټȺȥǼеĴʥһ̤ľݡ
аܵӳһɽɫϼ⣬еĻһŮսƵģڶʥʧľ档
ǸħٶҲľݣħ˸ȥ
տѩܽݺᣬһ̤ľݣ΢΢ҡ£žͿ첽ʧľ档
ҹңһƬҹܵӳһѤõĹӸʧǵľ档
һ콾ʧľ棬ҰҲȺȥߵľݸԱ߼ľ
ǸľľɹŵЦݣûм̤ľݣŷҰһЦִһʢ
ҰͷЩɻĵľֿˣûǴĻûмɣ
ľ̹ȻЦǵһμ档ҸСڵʮһزսᵽֵĴֵĴ˵ν׹
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ľ˵̧̤꣬ľݣľ̨̤ףµľ̨渡ֳһһľƣƺľϣӰܿʧľ档
ľĻ÷ҰЩͷԣֻһ꣬ѵľָԼøɣ
ҡҡͷҰҲ̤ľݡ
ո̤ľݣҰ͸оһ̫ͬɽѹԼѹ˹ƺҪѹƵġ
ҰһʥҪǿö࣬ڸ̺ʥѹ˵޷ʲôӰ졣
Ұһ̤ľݣоһĵ·Ƶģгһɺ嫵һϴˢȫΪ
ľ֮ϣҰоκεܵǳصѹƣԳ壬֡
뵱ɫʱȻСжһɫʣҲûǿҵѹ治֪Ϊλǿҵѹơ
Ұ;ħٴδԺСӣȻûǣҲԡҴ㣬ʣҪõܡ
Ұٸһɨˣ˸ۣôˣûҵ֮飬ҵòҲ̫ɨ˰ɣ
ħʱǻľԵģǼӣűöԪľԸһȣԵ̫ˡ飬Կ㡣
ħͣ£ּħ嶼ǻ籾ԴɣǵõĻöˡħ壬ǸľСӵõĻҲö࣬㻹ǲҪ̫ϣˡ
ˣѾߵˣ˵ʲôҲҪƴһѡҰƲƲ죬ҲøħٽϾˣŲӿ죬ľٳȥ
ƬǿգľҲǳĿ㣬ɣ㹻ͬʱˡ
ľԽ棬˳ܵѹԽǿŷҰԽԽϣľʿԽԽˡ
ľϾֻʣʥΪϵˣҪôľݼѹҪôҧԼȥûʸٸڶ콾ˡ
Ұ·ߣȻӦһǿҵΣдഫ˼һȭ˳ȥ
䣡
һƴĺ𣬷Ұȭͷһӡ棬һȭǸӡѺۣջһѿ
ҰĿʮ⣬ͼһħʥ𾪵ԼǻһĨɫѪƾǸղܵɶ˵ġ
Ǹӡħıħľ͵ϮҪҰɱȥһ֣û뵽ҰȻһȭһʥħʥ߸еǳš
Ұɲô˵ģȷħͷ͵ϮԼҰֱľ̨͵ħʥǰ
ֻҪҰ϶ǵˣҰͲ˿߲֡亦ҰڻɽʱѾдļˡ
䣡
ҰٴκһȭȭƽѹĿݺݵǸħʥ˹ȥ
ǸħʥѸٻʮǰͬʱοٵˡ
䣡
Ұݺݵһȭʮ֯ɵĴ棬ʮľȫ鿪
Ұȭͷ·һʱõǸħʥߵ˵ζûʱƿأħʥƿصҪտĶࡣ
Ǹħʥ޿ӣҰһȭԴϣͺһ⣬궼δѣ˻籾Դ֮ɢڰС
Ұ²ͣٴǰ˹ȥ
һ·ϣٱ˴֮佻ֵ֪ߵغʥ߶ŷҰ֣ȫĺɱˡ
ֻҪҶ֣ħ廹ʿҰ˿
Сʱ֮󣬷Ұߵľݵľͷһɵƽ̨һȦһȦ֣֪ж
ЩǴݻƵģ״ǧٹ֣һַǳŹֵĸо
ֵ룬һСĴɫҡҷӿһɹɾ֮顣
ʥľаƵȫ뵽ƽ̨֮Уʱȴ޷ǵ飬˴˾š


701 ǿ
ʱƣɫƽ̨Ǹ֮ɢѹԽԽСɫƽ̨ϵľۼʿԽԽࡣ
ɵƽ̨ԼɷԲۼǿҲʮˣΪ߾ǸħĻʥ
ħУħĴʥʮħʥߣиħҰһַǳΣյĸо
ظʿ֮УҲ߰˸ʥǿߣʥ߾ǿв٣տѩҹңаơҡӵ˶еٮٮߡ
ľһ÷ҰоΪصһľȻһʱҲ޷ɫƽ̨֮飬ȴ·ɫƽ̨ΪһƵģһַǳŹֵĴ
֮ѹԽԽ˥еȴԽԽѹ֣ʱܱƵġ
֮ѹʱǻʥȻˣܵһʱ䷨򣬾Ϳٳ֮˹ȥ
˶ڶǸ֮飬ʥ֣еڶʿȫˣÿ˶ʮٵн֯ǻʥǰ棬ס˻ʥǰеĵ·
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ʥĿɨеħ壬ڸոգħеǼʥͲʥҲˣȻĻƾеЩˣ»ס
ǾȻҲҶҳ֣ʥû˿飬̺޾ɱ޲ھͽոնֵЩħȫնɱƵġ
ǸħϹһ˿ЦݣȻʥΪȻǸ˵Ҫû˻ӦֻһǾֻܸƾˡ
ʥĿתƵǸħϣȻǣλ˵ϣҲƽϣҪҵ飬Ҳ
ɱңȻ޻˵Ǹħʼ磬һνӣŻʥҲûκξɫ
˵ʱ䣬֮ѹȥ
˵˫΢΢ȫͺ֮˹ȥ
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һ޴ĺÿ˶Լּܣȫٶˣ˭ҲȣӿĽÿʱܻסü˵Ĺ

һһĲҽһЩʥ߾ʿ˺󣬻ֱӱɱľƽ̨ȻѪҲԵ÷ǳѪȱ
а͸һѹһɫһѤõĽâһԼħʥߵ˺顣
տѩܽ˸֯һɫѩɱһͨǸ֮鿿
ҹңһƬҹĻҹĻ£ЩʥʥǱӡʶƵģҲû˷УҹңҲٵĿ֮顣
ұĽ˫ȶһӿһԣƺѹʱͿռ䣬ǰ
ֱӣܷһԵ棬ǿҵȸյĸնŤΣ˸ҿߣҲһ֮顣
ľľһٿ֮飬֮ԱߣǸħӲƴһ˺󼸲ٴ֮˹ȥ
ҰԶߵ񼼣ٵ֮֮࣬飬ͼһٵ۳Ľɫǰסǰ·
ĴʥڳҰȭͷųâŭһһȭǰɢٴλΪһ
ʣµЩʥҲ˴˽ֻ֣Ҫ˸ҿ֮ĸᱻüһ𹥻˭Ҳ޷Ŀ֮顣
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һԴ쵶ͻأĳڳУ͸һܣһɰ޾ĲԾһǰڶȫնϣܿͳ嵽֮ߡ
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ʮҰѾһμˣû뵽ڴʱּ
ʮ̫ħרԤĪһʥжóһ鸴Ƶģٴգһӽ˳ȥ
ʮҪȡ֮ʱ򣬷ҰһĨҫ۵Ľɫâݺݵնʮ棬ײ˿
٣˵һҪˣʥЦһ쿪ƣ£ϣֻһ޴ĥӰг˳ȥ
޴ĥӰһһףɫĥϣɫĥ£Ǹ޴ͼƵģҫ񽣵Ľ˳ȥ
ḥ̂ǻȪħḥ̂иħʥ˳
˶΢΢ݣĿ۵˳е޴ĥ档
ĥȻһͶӰĥ̵ı壬ڻжó͸ѹɾ춯أ·ҪؼȫƵġ
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702 ư׻
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ʥٴθֳĥ̵ӰȻǣ̫ħ˵ͷѹˣֻһ꣬˵û¾ͲҪˣ
˭֣Ϊ˵ĹУû˭ڲӰ½һʱ֮䣬ÿ˶Լͬ˺󣬸ԾţڸѰԮ
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˵ĴȻܹʹӳֻԼΪ˵ǶʵǷӳܵһƤë
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ǰǺľЩͲסˣҪǵȵǽеȫգǻʥĥӰǾԵסģδָƶһСصĽҲֵס˸Եֵ
ִֻۣľͻҲܲжڻɵȫ֮Ҳ㣬ܹ߳ĿԼΪ㣬Աס
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Ұ˫ĿжȻ˸һĨ⣬컯еĴʵѾռ֣ȸˮ߹
ʣµִʵһֱû䣬벻еư׻Ȼľϡ
Ұӵ˲񼼣˵ҲǷҪõɣ˵ûư׻á
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οľᵽСڣСڵĹϵҲҰѾһˡ
Ұ˼Ƭ̣ľԵ㿪ȷĶҿûնԸ˻ʥӵĻǣοԱ߻ʮλʥ콾ڣֶҲԿס
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ڣľͻͬʱ˳ȫ嵽֮Աߡ
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Ҳ֪ǻʲôôȻӲֵסԼĵľĸоŷҰ
Ұþżʥû㶯þżϾżһεĴ̫ˣһھųһΡ
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һѤõĽɫâҫأżӾӽ£һϵѹֱʥĥӰ


703 
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żĥӰײһ𣬷һ춯صĺ˿ڸղŵײ
żûлָ۷״̬żȫյģĥֻǸһӰ̺޵ĺܣ׾ͱżڰС
ҫ۵Ľҫأǹ⽻֯嫵ӿͣŻʥѹ˹ȥ
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⵽ʲôѵǾ𣿡
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ڶǿȫһһ˳ǶһĿϾӵĸоżԶˣһۡ
ʥɫ䣬ڣ˴ӷҰϸܵһΣϢʲôˣżϢ
żһһǸȫյĵһĸо
ǸʥԾżʱҲû˿İܹ
ҵסʥŭȫǧתصĴģͬһա
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ϧʱ֮˵ûκӰ죬˿ûþżżĺѹԶ

һھżǰЩֱƬƵģеȫϿ
ʥܵɣȫȾɫħѪгһɫս͸һɺ嫵ʥıѾﵽмʥС
ھż֮ǰǱɫսͺȻԱþż΢ͣôһ˲䡣
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ƶٳݺݵ˻ʥı󣬻ʥܿƵǰ˳ȥż˸š
ʥһĴȫȻըӴܣͼżͷųһɽɫУ׽ʥ뵽֮С
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ǿʥѾӵѪԤ֪ףһѣȴ׵ıɱˣʱԶ˶ðȻˣóΪһʥ
֮ĸľͻĿȨʥĲҽ֮ȫ̲סķɨһۣ˵ȫȻ
ÿ˾ż߻ʥһĻǵжԷҰһ˿ɵĸоǻǣǸо鲻ҵͬ˱Ұ׺ɱˣзһ˿֮ĸо
̫ħĴˣ״̬µķҰҲ˵бʤİգ˵ڵˡ
ҰĿ֮ĸһ۾ͼľͻĿȨһߵǵߡ
䣡
ƶݺݵʮ棬ոѾһΣǻǸԷӳȫƶҵĲѡ
ƶֵʱ򣬷Ұһ߳ص˻ǵţǻǵ߷˳ȥ
ʮŻһˣͷ˿˿ƵĲɫ⻪ס˻ǡ
ڷҰ˵ҪնɱǣɱʥҪѵö࣬һΣʱ򣬾ʮҲٴθסʱɾͲǷҰܹƿص˵ˡ
ҰȻھͰնɱҲ֪Լڻû޷ʮػնɱֻԺ˵ˡ
ҪģҪľȡƬ̵ʱ䣬ȡ֮顣
ľŷҰмĵ˵ͷͷȫ֮鹵ͨ棬֮黺Լĵзȥ
˻ΪҰľ֮ҲһҴսģû뵽ҰȻֹؼʱͣˣҿӣԱػľȡ֮飬ɻ֮޷ˡ
ڷҰղɱʥѹ˻˼ɵۼľѾȡ֮飬Ҳӽ
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ҰɨһۣȻʮɱ㵹ҪѵҲҪҵģɱ㣡
߬ȭͷĿĵżϣղȫѹҲ˰ϵΪȫ֮㻹һ֮סеڶǿ߲ɣ
ҹңȫûںҹ֮УŷҰЦ֣Ҳй֮Եʱֻһ꣬ҲͰˣţʲô˼ڱǳ𣿡
Ұɫ䣬ĵֻһֻ꣬һҴӦľְæ˭֮飬ְܳɡòҪ֣ΪֻҪǶҳ֣Ҿ;Բ֣
ľѾռ֮ˣȡ֮ˣһ֣һħʥŭֻ̧ӳһɫսꪣֱŷҰŭն˹ȥսһʱ侲ֹ

ҰƶǸħʥеɫսײһ𣬷һХҰ˿δǸħʥȴѹˡ
ҰȻδʱ侲ֹƶȴ˿Ӱ죬һӾѹסǸħʥĹ
֣Сˣҹңһлһҹ֮һɺ嫵ʥŷҰɱ˹
Ұ˵һһѤõ쵶ԵƬƬϹ½룬쵶
쵶Ǳҹ֮һ𣬷һ̶죬˵ĶĤ죬Ӳҹң˿ȥ
ʱʣµʿҲˡ
ħӿһɽƺħɫգ֯һɹʱŸͬϢŷҰɱ˹
տѩĿĻѩ󣬳аսļɫʥɱȻĴ⣬ֱӽټǼλʥҲŷҰɱ
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704 Ļ
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ҰֻܻΪͬķ޷Ҳ㹻ˡ
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ͬʱƱþӨ񣬽ϲֶ֮˳ɢտѩĽĿ˳аƵʥ
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ҰҲڳ鴤ûΪĵĿһھϾǧˣǻʥԼһ治þżأ
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Ұȫֳһһɫɢϸŵʱ侲ֹ÷Ұٵ飬˲ͻָ۷״̬
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Ȼһ˶оһĿⲻԼͬĻ۵ľ̨ľϡ
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ϱһ貵ɫâʮһ޾մѷ죬Լþ޷ֺϡ
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аսŷҰչһЦҰΪȷǿһһٴսؽսʤ죡
аսҰʶղ֮Ҳܻĳˣ˵ֻҪսĶںˡ
Ұ˵ͷĵǾ仰Ƕҳ֣Ҳֵġ
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ľӿҲȫݷߵҰߣֿĹֵлζлֳҴӦֵư׻
˵ţľóһӵݸҰͨŰףһֻͨ׵񻢺Ǻӣ͸һϢ


705 
ϸȥϲһֵ׻ŵľ޿һϢԵǺӡ
ư׻
ڼӵ˲䣬ҰѾȷˣǽϵ컯еĴʵư׻
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ϵɱư׻ص񼼣Ȼһ񼼡
Ұڵĸֶβ٣һ嶼ǸֶΣȱֹ񼼡
ڷҰ˵õư׻ȵõҪá
Ұư׻ľЦЦҺȡ衣ϣȷܹӳǿٿȫܡ
ľЦҡͷ̺֮ǿҪܣҲ֧Ų˼ΣոҲֻŻǰˡ
ҰлȻΪе޾ĻҲ̫ˣ̺Ȼ嫣Ҳ֮
ʮÿһֶͬػػ̺ػ׵ػǿҲи޶ȣҲ̺ȻҲܻ޾
ѾĻҰҲƬоľָǣοʧԶ
ľŷҰȥķȻĵֵסڶǿߵĹôãɱ˻ʥżȫˣӵҲóյֵزⷽҰأҿѷǵС
Ұɲ֪ľôģƬгҲ֪ߵʲô֮У˸ûȥ
ҰԼ״̬۷壬ٴóư׻ͬʱֽ׻ʥҩӾɫ˳
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ſڽư׻Ͱ׻ʥҩһ븹С
ʱҰ͸оһϢڷŰư׻Ͱ׻ʥҩһ𣬷·СڷҰڹš
ҰһĳʥҪǿϢ÷ҰһʹĸоִԴ·ֱϣΪҲܵ쳣
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ҰûмͻƣӲԼΪȫӡڣ뵽˶԰׻ӡ֮С
Ϊ׻ʥҩһԵʣҰڰ׻ӡǳ죬һµʱ䣬ȫ˰׻ӡʱԻ׻쳣
Ұ㣬ȫĵ뵽˰׻ӡ֮УеĵԺиֳһ޴Ļ棬һͷ׻ǿգ޿һԵ
ܿ죬滯ΪһϵĴ͸һѹӡڷҰ
Ұȫ뵽˴֮УܲʱţŰ׻Ĵ
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ƶ̨в롢ױ֡񻷡˪ӰͼϽޡػ׵ȫܹҵõͬı
Щ⣬ӡѩС̡񽣡֡ڤǹżҫ񽣡ĥ̡ʮ״Ҳ档
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Ȼһ½޾г׷һ춯صХԾޱȵŷҰɱ
׻ιҰгս⣬ֳأֱӽҫ񽣻һϢնϣͷ鿪
ţȸ׻Գ롢ʨ𽡢ҲζǵصŷҰɱ
ҰϵĶеЩ׻֮ɱϲϵر˺ѿһ޴Ѫڣնˣȫò޸˹
ҰҲֱӴüг޾нϴ񣬲ϵѿһѷ죬ֱ޸ԽԽ財
вҰʮλָҲеЩ޺޾Ƶģɱɱꡣ
嫵Ұǿ򶼸ǿ˺ѿΪʯƮǿ
ҰԡѪֽ̧һѲɵУִӱг뵤֮Уڵٻָš
ͬʱҰʮԼ綯˳Ͼӿȣ嫵뷽ҰڣڵģԼΪ
ˣ
ڣһӷҰڻҰֱоڵĳȻ飬뵽һµ֮Уʱ侲ֹ
ʥ磡
ﬡ
ʥ֮󣬷ҰѹƵΪѸٷڷŸеһһ۶
֪ӺʱʵƲѾʧˣҰǿգһٰʮշ裬ƾ졣


706 ĥ
ͻƣҰĵ˽ǧϾŻ˶ΪǿҪ͸ˣҲ࣬÷Ұôе˶еЩԲ
뵽˴ʥ磬Ұоӵһɺ纣̧֮תŰʱ֮־ͿõһƬʱ侲ֹش֮ƺҲĳ˵ϵ
ҰƺŴת뵽ѩֱܷܷоһʱգܹоѩܷܷ֮ǿ֮С
Ȼ޷ѩܷܷڵľλãҰȴһ֮ĸоѩܷܷڵʮǻ
ңѩܷܷѪǿ󣬻ķǳá
ѩܷܷҪħ·ϵÿһ֮أҲﵽʮأٶȲ죬ӦҲջС
ָоǳĹŹ֣һĸӦٽһĻѪ֪׻
Ұٴ뵽˷ѩͻ飬뷽ѩһظģܵ˷Ұǰȥˡ
ҰδȥǵطҲǵڶٹܹӦϢǿ󣬵÷ҰҲĲ١
ҰСڵķλСӱȷѩǰĻҪ죬Ҳ֪ڵʮ
Ȼ󣬷ҰָӦ˷˵ǶúܺãеǣҲࡣ
ҰһƴӦоԼԶԲ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ұģǽ׵˴ʥ磬ǵõư׻õ˰׻ɱأĹֶڲôȱˡ
Ҫȥ治һܹħԣľϵ̫ˣûǷ츳ȡѶȽľ౶Ҳȡġ
˵ãҰǳ⡣
Ұ΢·ž˴һʹ˹ȥ
״ʥ֮󣬷Ұٶٴߣ˲ϢʮƬ̾Ǹʹڵķλ
ҰңԶһž޴򣬱Ǵʹ֮ϣʱȴһŨ˱ϵĺۼ
Ұ΢΢ϵĴʹ˻ٵˣϵҲɱĸɸɾפϵǿߣҲûһҴ档
ʮص֮أפڸ֮صǿ߶ﵽʥ߾磬ÿ֮λʥأ˴ʥȫնɱˣдʥ֣
ҰĿ˸űɱ彵ϣ뿴ǺµĶ֣¾顣
ڷҰոս䵽ǳϵʱ򣬺Ȼоǰһ޴ĺӰյѹƺһӱ˺ҹƵġ
ͬʱҲڶһ޴İӰתŷҰѹ˹ǵӰһ𣬴һɻصѹͽҰؼ䡣
ḥ̂
ҰԺиֳĸ֣ĥǻȪħıҰѾǵһμĥˣһ۾ϳ
ĥ̴ѹʥóѹȫ̺ͬһɺذѹһһŹָӵķģ͸һƥеĴѹƺҪؼһжƵġ
Ұ˲ȷˣӰḥ̂
÷ҰЩҵǣĥ̵ѹǿûнȫ
ĥ̵ı壬ҰϲҪۼܹܲǿƣʶḥ̂Ұʶʶĥ̵
ҰһУѹĥ̲ܲʣ˸Ĺ־һƬоעĥκһϸ΢ı仯ӡԼԺ֮С
Ұı壬ȴֱӽƶ˳ȥƶһ貵ĹâΧŭ𣬴˻裬׵緭졭
䣡
ƶ£ĥײһ𣬷һ춯صĺѿһ޴ޱȵĿռѷ죬嫵ǿշ·ǸĲƵģþ޷ֺϡ
ƶٴλص˷ҰͷĥҲٱСصһͻأĳڳеͷڰĥ̷ת
˿㣬ü֮ȴһɷתĥ̸͸һĥĺѹΪһĨ
꿴һģһܹḥ̂Ǹħ壬һǻȪħ׽ˣȻĥҲϡ
ƶշģһڤ˲Ȼҵȵ㡣Ṇ̀µҰ
ҰķɶԼͷϵĥ̹ۿҲһ˿ǣ֪Ұڸʲôá
ҰĿĶŻڤĮĵİֶгɣƾ㣬ûʸҡ
ҰľǿޱȣڤطסΪҰȻڤΪʥһ
ڤӵḥ̂ҰΪҪߵö࣬û
ڤ΢΢üëӹһĨȣǹ񣬾ȻܹӦڰУȻѾˣ棬ɡ
ӳڰУ͸һǿվ֮Լʱնֹˡ
ʥ
Ұһˢһ³һ⣬ϢǿնһǧͨӿĽǵأ׺նһԶ
׵˴ʥ磬ܹӳǿҫ񽣵ĽⱾͲܹӳǿ
䣡
һըҫ񽣵ĽصնһУǴгһտɫǹ񽣽ǰ񽣽Ӳƴһ
һӰŹħ˺󣬷ص˻ڤߣɫħѪǰǹѷ죬͸һɺȻɫ
״ʥˣڤиֳһĨŨɫ
ҰĮɨһգĵλҲҪԶ𣿡
ڤһǾȻ˵ҰǸʥߣҳ󰡣ͻѱ˷ˣɡ
ŻڤĻ£Ǵٴ߳һӰ͸һɿ񱩵ҲǸΪħʥ
ңڰеĴʥΪȸոҪǿһЩ׼͵Ϯõġ
ʥҰڤҲ²һЩӦþǻȪħĴˡ
뵱ҰȪħƣʱȪħĴˣ㻹ʥ߻ҰҲĿش
ʹʥķоĥ̡
ҰҲҴ⣬ʱżǴγֻѾ˷ѵˣǻڤȫḥ̂Ұûܹӵ¡
Ǿ¾ϵ飬˫մѪȣɣҰĿɱȻһɺ嫵޵дƣһǰǰɱ˹ȥ


707 ǿɱ
Ұߣӵ伫٣˲ڸղűشǸʥǰƶ̫ɽŴɱȥ
ǸʥֵҰиֳĻ棬һõĻӷҰгֱӡǸʥ֮С
ɭ
׵ʥ֮󣬷ҰɭҲøת֮䣬þ֡
һʥɭӰ쵽Ҳڶʱڳ

Ǹ˵ĻһĲҽ˳ɲǵ
ɲǵʱУƶѾȻѹϡ
ƶбһɺǺڷҰĿ£˲ͽһʥɱһ⣬Ļ籾Դ֮ɢǿС
沼ƵɫսգҰһɫսȻƣѾ޽ӽмʥҰɲ˷ˡ
һʥѹǧأһ͸ҰɵˣʣµǼħ嶼ûзӦ
Ҫɱ㣡ǸֵĻŭгѪ֮ɫϲĳٵÿһ϶˸źںɫħƣŷҰĽɱ˹ȥ
ҰЦһֳһƬصأִ̧񻷣ǻ˳ȥ
һӭ绯ΪǧΪƬǿնһĨԴĹʣһɷصӿ𷢳ȫסˡ
ʱڤͻħͷҲӦ˹ŷҰ˹
ڤһͷתĥ̺Ȼĥ̷ֿתһһеĴ־ٴŷҰѹ˹ȥ
ִ̧һ磬ڤأһɼȱϢҰҪҰһõı
ǻһƬޱ߻𺣣ȼյĻֳʰ쵵ɫ֯ƣϢѣǵصӿҰ
Ұǻնɱٴνƶ˳ȥĥײһ
䣡
ײ϶˺ѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬޾ƶĴ־棬䷭Ұ˻ģһɽɺ嫵»Ϊ촷ۡ
Ҫסḥ̂ҪõƶſԣصЩȫǵԵֵסѹ
ƶԾĥ̵ʱ򣬷ҰٴδӱһŻɫͼӡ̬ͬǧ棬Լڻг
ͼչһһ֮ϯأƺܹһѻվƵġ
ʥıɽȫͼ֮ȼΪޣʥҲŲҺѣƺǵҲĻȼˡ
ҰķУĿĶḥ̂ĥеĸֱ仯ݱսƺûκӰ졣
ҰħͷĹĿٴλ۵˻ϣһгһѤôĿĽ⣬ΪƬǿնһӲӵĹʡ
ҫ񽣣ٴն
ȫҰ񻷸УʱҫɱԼɫ䡣
ҫ񽣵ѹ£ȫƬ̲סһƬƬĵгһɫĶƣͼסҰһ
ҰǸֳһ˿ЦҫնĸѸˡ
ﬣ
ҫ񽣵Ľնɫ棬һХƬ̵ʱ䣬ҫ񽣵ĽԵƿɫƣٴն˻ϡ
ʥ޷ֵסֵܵ
ҫ񽣵ĽӻһĽķ嫵Ϣӿն⡣
ŻŵĳһĽɨУ˲ʧؼ䣬ǴûдڹƵġ
ת֮䣬⼸ħͷΪǿͱҰˣʣµħͷооޱȡ
˿ҺȻôôôܣ
Ҳǳɵͷϲ֪ʱһӡŻħ˷׼
ͼжܹգոǿǸдʵڲҰٶϡ
ڤɫŷҰĵ񻷺ͼȴ̺ԣӦĳط
ĻȻ䣬ȴ͸һŨļɵΪͲ緽ҰʱҲѾٸҰƴȥ
ħͷѾڣֵˣҰһͼǵصĳԷˣҪ˶ǧ֮С
طվḥ̂飡ڤŭһĥٴγɫĥϣɫĥ£һħͳµƣͼѹ˹
¡¡
һƴĺ죬ϵĴѷԽԽ࣬ɽӶѣ϶ǧٿףһƬǽ塣
ͼǵȻ޷࿹⣬ĥ飬ɢڰС
쵽Ϊֹߣڤһḥ̂ԼͷԶӴ˹ȥ
ʣµħʥҲûһ˿ս⣬ڻڤ󣬲ֻӴܡ
ߣҪҴ𲻴ӦҰǵеķȳ˫жȻų貵ɣԼĥѹĳ
ŷҰ£ͺͷҰںһ𣬷Ұٴθֳĥ
Ұ¶һ˿Цֽ̧ĥ̼˳ȥ˲ͱգɫĥϣɫĥ£תħͷĥ֮䡣
ḥ̂ͻȫ˫۵ɴͭ壬г˲ŵɫʶֿ˿ڤͷĥһۡ
ôҲû뵽ҰȻĥҲܹһģķǳƣѹһޡ
ٵʼǼٵģҿڤХһĥҳϽǸɫĥ̴һӷҰĥ֮˳ȥ
ʣµħʥɾûôˣǱʥ޷ֵסĥ̵ѹϣʥը飬ҲҺűĥѹ
ӴĻ籾ԴϢʧؼ䣬ħĴʥҲڤ궼ûܹӳױĥѹޡ
Ұ¶һ˿ɫĥ̵˸ǳ̵˽⣬ĥ̻˼ƣѹҲԵ쳣
ڤԶ¶Σͻ汻ĥѹһĻһѪ˳ݺݵ˷ҰһۣĥּҴգʧǿա
Ϊ緽Ұǿɲټͣȥһʱĥ˳ȥ
ڤаޣ޷Ұ޻ǡǻǸҰʥߣҲôǱĸʵǿ¡
ҰҲû׷ٻڤ㷽ҰΪߣǻڤҰûܹ
һټŭ˻ڤĥ̵ȫ˳ǷҰɾ͵òʧˡ


708 ʥ
εսҰǷǳģû»ڤܹʥѾǲˡ
ʥᣬϵ飬ҲðϢˡ
ηҰջҲС֮ѾԻĥ̳Сûа׷ѡ
ҰʥҩӿˣһִʵҲ֪ںη
˴ǼʴʹѾڤȺһٵˣҰҲֻŸеĴʹ˹ȥ
ǿպ޾Ҳ֪ǿյж󣬾㷽Ұٶȼ죬Ҳںü֮ҵһǼʴʹ
Ŵʹ󣬷Ұٴλصʮ֮С
ҰͻƳɴʥʱĵ˽ǧϾ֮нڶ൤ҩ֮ϵϾֽӽˡ
Ұٴν뵽챦̻֮Уֱ챦̻ʮеķ᳤ֻǷʥҩۣϧȴʧˡ
Ȼ󣬷ҰҪȡھҪʮص챦̻֮екھ֮ࡣ
ҰѵǧϾھȫȡ˹ڷ᳤ֻ𾪵Ŀȥˡ
ŷҰԽԽԶĵ˷ҰԽԽǿħһЩϼһҲQˣûоżƣҰܸо̤ʵ
һʲôʥʥʵģҰĻΣգΣգҰɲҪ
ǧϾķҰ˵治ʲô
ҰһھżֵõżһγֵĻᣬ΢΢˿
Ȼ󣬷Ұڶھ͸ħһƽ޲ħ΢΢ЩԵ˺ھɱʥǶʥҲв
ʱħȻûоżʤڿԳʹãҲǰһֻʹһΡ
÷ҰƽЩЩһ˷ѵԴ治٣ٲǷҰ治ˡ
һھҰ뵽Լ֮УԼҲǳ嫣һЩ˵ڵظʺС
Ұûмȥ˸ջסȥ½֮󣬾ͽ뵽Լ֮С
ﬣ
쵶ʣؼǧʣѤλãڷҰǰ
ҰѾ׵˴ʥ磬Ҳ쵶ĵȼһܷﵽмʥС
Ұƶֻȸƶз
Ұʥϣٴ뵽쵶֮У쵶λãֻȴû˿Ҫļ
ħʱ𣺡СӣҪóʥ׵мʥϺַ𵽵öޣҪһھܹɽ
Ұǳ鴤£ĿתƵΨһĺھ棬ոյõĺھҪĵˡ
ھżħҰԸ⽫ھ͸쵶Ϊ쵶ı
ҪҰħѯʳ
ħܲӣЦŵֻҪ쵶ںھϣ쵶ȻͻպھȵھľҲԽˡֻҪ쵶׽پˣ׽ҪһʱעС
ҰҲɴֱ࣬ӽ쵶ƶдֱֱнеھ棬ͼ쵶޾ˮźھе
һھеһǧϾеĺ嫳̶
Ұ쵶ҪѺھ꣬ҲҪʱ䣬ڿ쵶ٶȣԤƼ¾ܹ㶨ˡ
ҰҡͷΪԼٶȱøˣ쵶ҲôˣϻʣǧϾңҲŲ˶ð
ɽǰ·ҰҲżǧϾһϾ룬תƹ뵽ε֮С
һɫҰڣȫ͸һɾӨϾʣһ󲿷ֶתΪԼΪ
Լ֮УҰƺĴо֮ƺÿһëжһ飬֮ŷҰȫѪÿһ𵴶÷ҰΪһЩ
ڷҰ󷭹ڣŨɵ˷ҰڣΪ꣬硣
ﬡ
һһҰ۶ΪҲ
󣬷ҰȻ˫ۣȫ͸һǿϢͭɫļƺſɵ߸ѹĸնѡ
Ұһ㸡ֳʮʮһ㣬գһɺ嫵ʱ֮͸նһƬֹʱС
αչذ꣬Ұĵ˽ǧٴһٰʮΪ쳣ȹ̡
УһһϦԲģҰоԼȥĻԼҲˣҪϵٲϵУܹԼΪȲǿȵļ
Ұ֮лǧҵϾȥˣĶȻȻֹͣС
ҰԼĵһ飬ٴνƶ˳ؼ䡣
ŷҰΪԽԽǿԵĵҲԽԽǿżħԼƶҪԽԽ࣬ƷʥͰƷʥѾ㲻ˣҪƳƷʥ
ƷʥĲϣҰǰҲռٸˣֻһֱûл᳢ԡ
ͻƵ˴ʥ磬ҰҲ볢ƳƷʥ
һ˼Ұѡʥ
ʥܹʥͻƵʥļʣܹɣڴʥֵ֮ĵҩҲ˵תܹһֵҩ
ҰʥƵÿһ趼Ժйһ飬һȸ뵽ƶ֮Уȼ
һҩıˮĶ뵽ƶ֮Уܿҩҩڻо
ҰвϵĴһµĵӳ죬ƶ֮еĻ
ںϣתɵҩĥƽ̵ƣЩһǳɡ
һһĵƸֳȻϰֵƽ֣ڰɫƳ͵ʱѾһصĽƣ淭׹ߣ͸ѹһʥٻҪǿ
Ұһ񶦣ǿŵҩ𣬰˵ڽ˸ŶĿԡ
䡭
һߵ£ϼ콵𣬵ӿҩҲߵǹ⣬͸һɵĹʡ
Ұŵҩ¶һ˿ЦݣƷʥʥƳˡ
ܹôƳֵҩҪǸΪйء
Ұ׵˴ʥ֮УһʮΪǿ˲֪ٱҩҲӵӦˡ
ƷǵҩȰƷǵҩļֵߵ̫ˣһʥټֵϾ
ƳƷǵҩҰҪҲ÷ˡ


709 ֣
ҰϵİƷʥĲϹٸ鲹쵤ǻ굤ٵȵҩȫҰƳɹ
鲹쵤ʵֵҩֱΪľˮ鲹쵤ÿһֲ쵤ɱǸԵš
鲹쵤Ϳһͨʿɱɽϵ壬Խϵһǧ
ڸ֮УʥҲһּϡȱԴЩžͷĺҲȫţܹʵʥҲҪ
ֵҩЩ鷳һĲ֮⣬ÿһԵĲ쵤ҪõǸԵʥ޵ڵɲһ˿Ūõġ
ֲ쵤ÿֻܶһ֣˽鲹쵤ģͲܶϵĲ쵤öҲ˷ѣû˿á
ǻ굤һרƾ˺ʥֻҪһ˿д棬ֵҩܹʹߵȫָ
ʣһ꣬ٵǻ굤ڻָ֮Ҳʹ̵ʱԪɵ塣
ٵһΪĵҩֵҩܹ÷ֱӰΪȻõĴ̫࣬ЧҲۿۡ
ЩҩȫǺֵʥļֵߡ
ҰϵİƷʥȫɵʱѾһºˣٸʥϣҰƳŰƷʥֳɵʿ졣
ʱҰľҲ˳Ľ͸Ԩƺѹ
֮󣬷Ұ쵶ڵλã쵶µھѾݽˣ쵶ɢѹҲԽԽǿʱɱмʥ
ҰֱӴ˳Ҵڿջнˣѡ˸֮ش˳ȥ
쵶ΪмʥڳΪмʥ֮ʱҰɲ쵶Լжɽ٣쵶жɽ١
Ұոմ͵ƬУ͸одһ궯쵶Ѿھȫϣų貵âҪҰ綼նΪ롣
ҰѸĬߵ񼼣˲Ϣʮ⣬쵶ͷ˳
ﬣ
쵶ųһĨҫصâǿһ޾ͷľ޴ѺۣƺƬضΪˡ
ǿеĽѸת˲Ϣ۶ɣǵص쵶ɱ˹ȥ쵶ûڹ׽֮С
֮쵶ڶȹףɢһɵʥԾޱȡ
Ұ쵶Уĵͷ
⣬һ£ΨʥıпмʥЩʥıҲֻһĳʥҰڴʥӵмʥıҲǶ˼⡣
ڸ߼ʥʥӵеҲ࣬ĵȼΪѡ
쵶˼⣬ڷҰܹӳֱ׷߼ʥҰѾǳˡ
쵶𣬷Ұٴηص˵ʮ֮У˸ĵסǿԵĹٴι⡣
ʥ
ǻ굤
ľ鲹쵤

Ұ񱮸ոչҳȥ˸ڶʿĿ⣬ҰѾڵʮ֮гһεҩˣνƷǵҩҳ˶ٴ𾪡
Ұҵļ۸Զеļ۸Ҫ͵ö࣬鲹쵤ǻ굤ͰٵֵҩͳһҵһϾǸʥҲҳϾļ۸
ҪòϻȡҲԣϻȡһŵҩǷҰϼ۸ˣ˶İ
ҰڲǰѾʮѹһΣΪܹĲ࣬û뵽ļ۸ոչҳȥûãһǿʿС˹һſŵʥٱɽš
һʱ䣬ҰڳĽöƷʥȫ˸չɾˣҰõϾԼԼһֲʵĸо֮еĴ̫ˡ
÷ҰеϲǣϾʥ֮⣬õһʥҩʥҩ
ȵʥʱ򣬷Ұ뿪ǴС꣬ԼϢסһջ֮С
Ұ½ƣٴν뵽Լ֮У۵ʥҩ档Ƭ֮󣬷Ұɲ˫ۣǲ졣
ûнʥҩ£ܹʥҩиܵһϤĸоߵϢǳơ
һ˿ɻ󣬷ҰҪʥҩſȥȻħԺ𣺡˷ˣеѾڸˣٷʥҩҲûˡ
ħͱչȥھˣ񿪿ڽ˵ѾھĲˡ
ôһĴ񼼣ǲǸ𣿡Ұɡ
Ұˣ뵽˸ոյõħʱħʲôûˣֻʣΨһһʥҩԼߣŵ֪ǾȻһĴ񼼣ֱħӦþ
ħ̾һĵͲöˣ֪ġ
ħ˵飬㷽ҰҲʲʲôħƢҲͲ׷ʡ
ֻҲ̲סڻɣԼĲ²⻹ǶԵģħרĹ㺮һ㡣
Ϊܵõһ񼼣µǶ÷ҰЩʧ߾ȻһĴ񼼣Ҳ÷Ұǳϡ
ħʱ˵ڰڣ÷Ұ֪Ĵ˵ӲƭҰȻ˵߾񼼣ҰȻȻľѡ
ûеõһµ񼼣Ұջǳۺ񣬱Ĳ˵Ͼǧ㹻˷һʱˡ
Ұηǳ󷽣ֱӽǧϾħֽǧϾ뵽ƶУʣµȫԼ֮С
ǾżҪھʮص챦̻֮жѾû˺ھҰҲû취ȻĻż׼ھ
һУҰ뿪ʮأظ˹ȥ
ҰѾûǰ¥д̽Ϣˣ뵽ʮ֮Уֱ˸ɷǳľ¥˽ȥ˸λͣ
иӸпĵħٴδѹˣƵһأڵһ֮ʥߴսʿֱ׷ھĴս˵ʥͻȻչ˴ʥʵŽΧڶħߡ
Ҳ˵ˣˣһ֪ԭ򡣡һ߸Ц˹ӡ
ô¶Ա̲סѯ˳ո˵ǸҲЩ棬Ҫ֪ԭ
֪и̤뵽֮УħŷһħĴʥħΪǸȥġǸߵĿг
˵˭ƣ¾㵱ķҰĺ䶯Ҳ˰ɣԱѯʡ
ߺһھƣȥϵľˮһһٵĵ֣˵ǹŽ񺱼Ļ壡Էţ죡


710 
֣Ұɫ΢΢ЩȻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ͽԼã֮ڲ̤·ʮȥˣ֣Ҳ̤ˣ֪˿ɺãǷҲһ̤أ
ֿ֣ʱ֣ŽǸʮëͷСӣڵȴǳȣȻСˣ·Ͽɲƽˡ
ֱʮ֣꣬ʣҲǸΪǳľˣкܴܻ˰ʥʥߡ
֣ʺ껵ʶǷҰƽ֣Ǻõ죬껵ǲ죬С˵
֣ʣʱʥˣҰе⡣
ҰлЩɻ֣ǳ˽⣬ǾǸֵ
ҰĽӣĵһͻɱ·ʱѾ˺ü꣬⵽ô¶ǲַʲôԼ֪飿
Ψһ÷ҰеҵǣܹӦͽܺͷ˶ûܵʲôΣգ⵹Щ벻ͨˡ
ҰҲúҲ²⣬ȵ֣֮Ȼһжˡ
ֻǣ֣̫⣬ΪԽԽߣϢҲԽԽǿңħӵջ󣬿֣һ·ء
ҰûвֵĴ㡣
ÿ˶Լ·Ҫߣ֣·Լȥˣж͸÷Ĵһ֣
ڷҰ˼ƮԶʱ򣬾¥е̸ȴԽԽŨңոǸߺȻǶ˵ҰҲˣ֪֣ʲôǷҰĿɽӣ
˻
¥еĴ󲿷˶̲סһҰ·Ѿɱ˺պĵҲɱأļơ
ҲڰԲɣǷҰôͽܵģһҲ̫ǿˣ֪ǻὫ·ʲôӡ
һǿƶȥ⻹ǷҰĵһͽܣ˭֪˼ͽܰÿͽܶô죬¶Ҫշˡ
ôܣ壬һܹҰΪͽܣֻѾãˣҲеڶˡ
ǰеǲ٣Ҳһˡ
̸۵ݱʱиӲǵãǰ·һλǿ߿˿ǻ塣
˵˭Աѯʡ
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ָոճڣ¥ֵǶԾĽѹһЩַǳļɵȻŹٴ˵Ĵš
ľȷǹǿԶ̾Ϣ
иг˳ݵɫžľᱲżڼǰ̤뵽˴ʥ磬ʮն졣ʮĹɱҫԵ޹ɱʥʮشȵԨڵʮء
˵ͣƬ̣żľɱһĻʥѪֶʥµĽ󱲣аʥʥʮһʥ߷̫أҪҪѹȴˣ䲻
ľȷһ˽ܣֻɱ̫ˡи߰Ը̾
ǸߵҵǾûʥϵ񼼣۸ûŻҲá
ľҰָĦžƱ뵽˵Ǹһսֻ꣬Ϊطڶеޡ
Ұ;öľϵɱ̫أ֪ľҲǸĽɫȴҲû뵽ľȻ
˵İֹİ޷ѹסľ̫ˣһֱδ¶ʦ治֪ʲôĴڲܹ̳ĵȷҰһҪǿ̫ˡ
ҰһǸո𣬾㷽ҰҲԸϵ϶ľ˵ͽˡҰ֣Ƕɳ¶ľһҲѹסǡ˷
и̾ϢʲôĴоħ壬ħԽԽˣкüǿմ屻ħˣֵ߲ӣҲħµӡʱҪڶĻҲֲ˶ˡ
˸пľΪӦħ塣˵һ仰ʱǳһʱĻ𣬾ħҪ򣬿Ҳֻ߽³
ʱʵ˲ǿˣľڷҰЭµõһħʥ䣬̫ϴ˱ˡ
ǰŵʮ߲ꪳҶУ֣ʤδ֡˵ҲһͲ֪ʲô
ͥڤʥɱħ帹أħǿΧסڤóһ񼼣ӣӲɱһѪ·
ڤҲǵ˽ܣҰʼδܿ䱾ʲôܹƵֳĻ治ࡣ
İƺͼĲսһƵó˼֣ƴЦȥ

һһϢҰ·ϷҲ˽ĸһЩ
вʮڷѩУ˵ѩѾص֮С
СþȻѾߵ˵ʮأѾ֮ˣ÷ҰЩ⡣
ҰģĸӦСǰ֮Уȴ޷Ӧأµ֪С÷Ҳˡ
СΪλ֮᷵УҰǲûж룬Сˡ
Ӿ¥߳Ұڸһջн磬һµʱ佫Щɵʥȫ˳ֻһµʱϣõϾڶࡣ
Ұٴǰ챦̻֮УȡھżƶħԷֵһʣµھҰֲ뵽Լ֮С
˵ҰѾӵþżεĻᡣ
Ұϵʮصʱеڶʿ̸һ飬ħ忪ʼٽˡ
ҰȻսϸһŷĻҪ⡣
ħʥǳ֣ͬʱħ֮Уֱӱγˡ
ƴ½Ԫ½ȫױħĵ̣˵Ҳħͷţˡ
ңٻԼĴˣ·ڶǿ߶ص֮С
֮УһƬҡ
ϢҰļ٣չٶȣһ·ʮؿʼһһصĽ뵽ʮأǼʴʹ󷵻ص֮С


711 콾
·֮ĴʹÿʮزһҵϢҰҲ˲ڸмˣٶȸϵʮأŴʹ󷵻ص֮С
ٴ̤򣬷ҰԲͬ͸һ˿ѹƺѾնѹʵ
ձȶ̫ˣ㷽ҰѾ׵˴ʥ磬Ҫ˺ѿһռѷ죬Ҳô׵顣
ҰԺкȻ⼸֣иоһԵѹ
ıһƬˡ콾µ֮ͨ·طûпƿˡ
ҰڸпȻһöڶ𣺡ӭ
ҰЩϤɫص
عͷȥҰȻͿȫ˰ɫˮƬİɫ̾ƶˣ콾ɽţǼʴʹ˿ƹ⻪ӷҰ»ɢȥ
İأոճʥûõӣ콾еԴڶ࣬оŽʮʥأܹʥҲû÷Ұ̫⡣
ҰŰ΢΢ЦЦϲ׵ѳʥһ֪꣬񵽵ôˣ
صڶΪһʮ߰ƯŮһϮƮһɳϢ
ҰѾһʥؿɲټд󣬵һʱͻΣŷҰһü΢龰ֹۣѹԽԽǿʥƿա˵ӦħˣΪѾڶħʼոˡ
Ұڳ֮Ӧѵ䡣
ͫīͷҵ˶½֮УСҲ½֮УֻһӦķǳģڻɽµǸСǱޡ
ѩܷܷͣңԶǿ֮УҪ·ϵ֮أûнյҵϢδء
÷ҰǣС÷ѩСڡϢڸҲ˵ȫ콾֮У
ǻعӦڵһʱ͸½˲ŶԣΪλ
Ұ΢ٸӦ£ֻҶҲ콾֮УȻӦģҲܸӦõǵϢ
Ұֱʳĵ׵ɻ󣺡콾ʲô飿Ϊ·ϵ콾
̾һɫصĵʮǰˣֻʣһƲִԼʬѹסħʮꡣħһֱڳӡħǿҲ콾콾Ѿ˶δսˡ
Ұ΢΢黹ѹħãħֳ˶ٸ֣
صɫǳѿݺҲֻ֧żµʱ䡣ħĹ̫Ӧ֮£ֵܹʱ仹Ҫ̡ħľˣ콾Ҫħûƿӡ֮ǰ
Ȼ񣿣
ҰϵĵҲ콾ӣ岻ݴǣ֮𣿡
ܹ콾֮ңػҪӭعλ콾޷ŷһͬǰˣ֡ŷҰмĵ˵ͷ
Ұİ˰֣콾д˺ܳʱ䣬콾е˽⣬ʱҲҪش·ˣ󲽾콾ɽȥ
ڼ̤ɽŵʱ򣬷Ұͷѯһ䣺콾ɽͨǿգħ幥ɽţǽ򳹵ױһƬ
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Ұ΢΢ЩȻô˵Щħ幥֮һڵˣ
صͷЩħ幥ľĿռڵ㣬ǴռѾȶˣҪ˶þҪħơ
Ұٶʣתû뵽콾ľ޴ɽ֮С
ٴν뵽콾УҰѾ̤콾˷뾪ˣȴȻ콾иӦһɳ۵ĵ̡
콾еѾɿ֤ˣһһεĴ٣ʼδԿɼ֮
ڷҰĸӦ֮У콾ݷʥǿߣһλʥߡ
⻹ǷҰӦģҰ콾оԻĳǿϢڣֻҲӦ쳣ģ޷ж١
ֻ¶ʱҲԺɨˡ
Щ콾ĵħ̫ʢ콾ֳ
콾һƬľƺִ֮˼εӣ⵹÷ҰЩ⡣
Ϊʮӡ˷Եʣ콾ӵˮƽ˲٣Ϊ󲿷ֶﵽ磬ҲЩϼﵽ˾硣
ҰЩû̫ĹעҲûʱʵпʱ⣬ֱߵ񼼣˹ȥ
Ұ̤У·򣬾źѹħĵط˹ȥ
úԶҰͼӰԼ˹ԶԶȥǷѩСڣ
ڷѩļϣſŸߴСĽɫСʨӣҰһ۾Ϳǻ
磡ѩϲĽ˳һ˵˷ҰĻס
Ұ¶һ˿Цݣ˼·ѩ磬ЦѩǶãҾͷˡɣСںͻһһԿЦء
ѩĴӷҰ鶶˶ϵĽɫëһڷҰϣ˷ܵĽеϴ󣬶ûˣ·Ͻôķˣûܸһ⣬ź
ѩݺݵص˻һۣߵ飬ǲǸң㲻˰
ϽӷҰڨڨصĶأܸѩŮҿĻء
⻹࣡ѩĵ˵ͷµųõЦݡ
ҰЦĿ֣֪һ·Ҳûڣȴоѵõܰ
״̬Щ⣬ԼΪӶӵģԼΪһҲǴڴʥ硣
ѩҲʥʥҲԶˣ÷Ұĸο
ѩʱ꣬Ӧƾż͵־ҰҺҩ֮ɱ壬Ҳǳ졣
龫ֶĵرжӣһ·ϻ֪ϴ˶ĵرѩܹ˴ĽҲڷҰԤ֮С
ҰĿСϣСתҪֻҪ㹻ܹʱҲ׵˴ʥ硣
СڿüĿģҰȴϸܵһԵɱ֮зԹѱֱЩ꣬Ҳûپս
ϴ󣡡С뷽Ұ˸ܱϳ˼
Ұһпһʮ꣬ÿ˶вͬľÿ˶Գһֻ֮ĸ飬ȴʱӵ÷Ұеǳο
ϴҲǴʥ磬ΪҸӦκϢҲӦһģĸӦɣ뵽УҲֻƾŸӦĵȻ޷Ӧ⵽ô¶СʳԼɻ
ѩҲŷҰĵǰ磬Ҳ޷ݳκϢΪȲ㣬ҲӦöƲһǹŹ֡
ҰҲ¶һ˿ɻɫʥܹصһЩֻҪݶĵвԼ߾Ϳԡ
СΪԼҲͲ˵ˣСҲǴʥ磬ԼΪ࣬ΪθӦԼ˿Ϣ
Ұ뵽ƶͷˡ
СҲ񻵣ѩҲв룬ԼȴܹĸӦǵϢͬӦ⡣
ѵǾżżǸ޷סԼϢɣ
Ұ뵽ħǼһԼҲûʱԼϢ
Ǿô¶Ϊα˸ӦԼϢ
ҰԺһųһĨ貵Ĺ⻪ѵǼǣ
ͷո𣬷ҰоͼԿ϶ˣܹʥߵİͭףסԼϢҲͲʲôˣ⼸йأ


712 Ⱥ
֣һֵ꣬ķɸʤ˼䣬ҰϺȻһʵ
˳ķȥͼĽĻԼʮδûڻκκۼôĿ졣
ҰЦӭȥ֣Ҳɲˣ·ϵҲûջٰ
ͷָѩСںͻ˸кŸпħѹڣħڳӡݷ𽥸ˮ棬ǲ֪ܷȹΣѡ
ǵʱӦòˣʲôҰɫصѯ˳
ﻺĵˣ֮УħߴΣħӡŴΡ˾ػ콾֮⣬ҵͼľħǹǵϽޡҶ߲ꪣټв񻷣ǽħĽħĳѹȥϧ
ʲô£Ұɻѯʳ
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Ұͷ˿ȵִƵʱ֮Ȼ۷Ծٱħȥǲѣ
Ҫħ巢ܹ֮ǰȰħȻһӰ𣬻ۻԾǲ˷С
ͷȥҰͼΰߴҶҶƾһ̫ɽһ㣬ѹնһֲȵļ󣬹ŷҰѹ˹ȥ
ܵҶҰ˸һĨս⣬ƳȭȭͷųһĨ貵âԾҶͷ­¡
䣡
Ҷȭ赲ȭཻ֮һ춯صĺ񱩵˷ϯɳʯҡضԶڶǿߵĿⶼ˹
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ҶҡҡͷտտƶڱʦУʱѾͬˣҶҲȤƶѡ㣬ҲøʸΪҵĶ֣ȵûĻһսһġ
ʱ̣Ұ΢Ц鲻
𣡡
ǽ̸ʱԶȻһͳ˻ƵŭűһɲħϢжھһζţ·ĩյƵġ
˵ɫȫ΢΢˱䣬Сߵħڣڳӡˡ
εĳǼҪǿҵö࣬ħעһ𣿲УȥҲҪѹȥһ仰Ųķ˹ȥ
ħ飡Ҷľɱڵĸڻ˹ȥ
ҲȥɡҰ뷽ѩһۣͬʱ˵ͷǵķ˹ȥ
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һ׹Ƕѻɵľɽֱ񷣬Źħƣͳ˻ӹɽгɽҲ沼˾޴ѷ죬ʱħӿ
ڹɽΧѾвǿ߸ΪҲﵽʥ߾磬Ϊ͵ͱ콾飬Ϊ岻֡
Ұƶˣӹɽѷң档
һ֪жĸħڹɽ֮Уǹļ߼ʥס֫ǸħԼǧɳβͳŶסԼļ
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ȻһĨ貵߲âƺһѤĲʺبҶһ߲񻪵սꪼ˳ȥ
ս쳣ĹŹ֣սꪵļ˷ֳ߸С棬ÿһֲ϶˸һѤõĹʣںɫӳɻԣֱתŽľˮ
߲ꪣҰ˫ĿȻ߲ꪵ̬ȫĵףʱ
߲ꪴӹɽѷг룬ֱӶħĲϣͬʱ߲ꪼ仺ħĲȥ
һħѪͬһ㣬ħĲӿ
ѩСڣְɣҰһѩСͬʱ֡
ѩв˳ȥµ⣬·ڲƵġ
вûɽ֮УħһϸСۣһС˿˺ѡ
Сڴ񻷣˲仯Ϊǧ򣬷סħĲ֫ħǡβͣħԭء
Ұͻһۣսĵ飬λɣգһ񣡡
ˢһû뵽˷Ұ֮УƶٴθڷҰ֮Уתƶ֮͸ѹҪǿöࡣ
Ұ뽫ƶѹȥȻоеĴӦʧˣƺǱһ㣬гĪĿռģ͸һɺǺѹ
ͼУʮķͼħֿʼˣԶиʥ߾Ũļɵ


713 ֮ս
򶼱ͼڣء
ͼ֮ͬֻɷħͼǷء
ͼ֣ҰҲ˿δͣٴŹɽѹȥ
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Ȼ򶼾ҡʮҴնÿһ㱦һ޴磬ؼ䣬ʮƵġ
бʮ֮󣬾ɼʥ׹䵽˵һ㣬һȫͬĸо
ʮŷҰɱ˹֮УҰܵһϤϢǻǵϢ
̫ħĴˣʱ򣬷Ұ֣ǴʱϢѾﵽ˴ʥ硣
λҲûȫʮܣҰҲ壬һһֽ̧ҫ񽣵Ľ
ҫ۵Ľ𣬴һĽŴݻһ赲İԵʲõűӭȥ
ҫ񽣵ĽȻֻʣһСأҲǸӵܣԿסĺɱ
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ҫ񽣵Ľʮһ𣬷һ춯صĺѤõĹâҫأƲҵӳ
Ұı彫ƶٴŹɽѹȥ
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Ȼտѣױִâƿն׹ԾĹҰƶ
Ұٴ߳һżüгǷױֺ˳ȥ
ηҰûпҪżȫѣֻǽԼżܷӳ֣ǾżҲĬˡ
䣡
żױײһ𣬷һ޴ĺѹжͼգͼ͸ѹӺ嫡
סҰƶȻħͷ­ѹȥ
飡
صħͷ­ϣһƵ죬ħҵԴƶӿϢٵħ
ħܹӳȻѾǿ֮ĩϾ֮Ѱĸ߼ʥ˵ҰҲǽܹ֮شħ
֮ħǸħ飬ڵѾ;ƿݵĵزҪɱҲǳļѡ
ħ˸ŷɱ⣬УЩʥʥȫֻǷƾܹѹСӣʱЩСӾȻɱˣܡ
΢СӣҰڵ࣬ҲҪǸѪĴۣɲ㣡ħɫȫƬһɺ嫵زһȫ뵽ʱ侲ֹ֮С
ɲǳǿѰʥԷʱ侲ֹܵӰ죬뵽һ־Եɲ֮С
Զһɲǣɲ֮䣬ᵽĸоӦʱš
䣡
Ȼһϵʯ״ӹɽڵԻ˿˿Ƶɫ⣬ΪһɲֵƬ
ȫͬγƵģŹɽ֮У¶µɫ
ոյɲʵӡ̫ˣȫ뵽һɲ֮УȴʵоһĸоУ޷԰Ρ
ֶΣףһ˿õġ
ǳΪ˴ʥӵʱħ򲻴һħ񼼣ҲǿԵֵסġ
ոǺʯ׼ʱ֣˶Ҫꡣ
ʯӿƬƬɫ⻪ħڣҲʼ
ҰҲٲɣ÷Ұֵסʣµȫʼȫħ
ɽһЩ콾е̫ϳϺһЩʥߣʱҲȫԼĵУңңܴʯϣʯħ
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޴ĺʮȫ˳׽ҫ񽣵ĽɣײżżҲƻص˷Ұͷ
ʮ˿ͣױһŵͷѩ˹ȥ
ͷѩûͻƵʥ磬ڳֵļԽģʮֱǡ
䲻òؾħǹѩҲջв룬ʮײǿסΡ
ʮԾʱǾͷʮ֮е˻ȥǻҲ̫˷ѡ
ȻĻͷѩӵȫʮ֮£㲻Ҳˡ
¶һ˿ʣŭٴħȫǿдˣЩħҲ̫ɶˣ
Ҳħϧÿζħˣʼ޷ħ
ҰȫƶϢƶ֮Ѿڸ߼ʥˣƶתħ
ƶƶܣʱҰȫʱħŭ
һ治ܹĵң֮ɣħŭĺХգ֪˶ôңԶǿ֮Уһ
Ƭ֮һտɫ񽣴гƺǿԽʱ䳤Ӷӵѹ
ٻԼҪעһǽ˵þҪһħˣҶЦ߲ɢǿᣬȫħ
ҲӴҪħͷѩҲٴμ֮С
ﬣ
֮ųɣ˵ķӦ̲סЩٶۣնħߵЩ
ﬡ
֮֮ƶϽޡħǹͼ񻷡в߲ȫ˳ȥ
ܵɣҰǡ䡢ѩȫǴѪĿ¶һĨŨ𾪡
֮УΪҲʥܾˣħѾ;ƿݵĵزħٻ֮ԺȻһ߽˵ĹȷĸоƥС
żȫһȥҰͳһľżüгȫ˳ħѹȥѹ򶼴Ƭ
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ֵ֮ס˾żȫһƴĺȫײӿݡ
ʵķͼȳ˳ȥȫѿһһ޾ѷ졣
꣡
ڵֵסˣְԵײ¿ٷѳһСȵ飬ҿɽڵźʯѹȻҲѡ
һħҲĲˣ͸Ϣʱӣ֮Ҳ⻪
䣡
Ȼʯըҫ۵ɫ⻪̵һԴĴʯڵسǵصĶħ塣
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һͶסħĵǹͬʱըƴɽͬƬԲը˿
ҰҶȫԼٱÿɱɺ嫵ѪڣѪע
һЩûʥߣȫɺƴܸˣɫȫȻޱȡ
ħ
˶Ҫʳ⡣
ٺ٣磬ƾһƲִԼñԱҵ汳ϧڲôһȴˡһǳ˷ܵһħӰڱը֣֮ħ
ħţ
ԱȻûɱ
ħʱ˥󣬵ȴָɣ֪ħʱΪһʱ֮Ҳû˸ٳȥ
鶼ʧˣǳȥ
Ұ¶һĨȻɫĬߵ񼼣˲ħǰƶųޱȵâҫ˶
ʱҰֱӽƬǶ˳
ƬǾȫƵģÿƬ涼͸һӿ嫵ƺÿжݷһ飬Χħת
ǾȻħһĲҺһ仰û˵ͳȥҲûϢ
֮һ֮ƺΪħС
ƬΧ֮תһȦ֮еħȥɢź嫵ܣ֮ڰС
˷Ӧ֮ǰҰ֮Ƭǿ𣬽ֻƶص˿
֮ǰ͸ӦҲǱŲɹʵ̬ƴһԣҿƬûʧħɱˣĻɢһ˿ӡǶû¡
ʱ򣬷ҰȻְһ鵭ɫǣӨ˴ȴû˿ϢϵǷǳơ
ҰһץסǣһʱȷˣǺµǣ
Ұǵʱ˲ŷӦһĿ࣬ǲŵɫ
ħҰƶ
Ȼһħ飿


714 ʥϮ
ż֮Ľ潫򶼸鿪֮ħشҰһ׽ħ
һĿϾӣڷҰոսʱ򣬺Ȼоһɺذѹɨ˹
㷽Ұڽ׵˴ʥ磬ѹ£˲κηͷƺֻҪԷ΢һͷܹԼɢƵġ
ѹ֮£ҰоƺԼ˼붼ˣеĶȫ¶ɺ嫵ѹ֮£ûκοصġ
֪ǲԼĴҰܸоǵѹһһĲ̽Լ壬ڷҰ˫ĺüĴ΢ͣ£ܿʧӰ١
ȵǹѹʧҰų˿ڴϢţȫ亹ʪ͸˫ĿǺȻ
ǵѹǺѵһȫʢ״̬µħ
ƺǺƵģĿɾۼڷҰϣҰķӦһΪҰɱħ֮ʱܵʲôɡ
ΨҶ˫ĿתӹһĨ𾪣ƺڸղſʲô
Ұ͸һӱݣΪΪػһִʬѹħʮأա
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һ޴ĺ죬˱˺ѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬ԼһȫڵеħһƬ֮С
ͷŷױ֣ͷתʮǸȫͷתһŵƱ鲼ͼǷͼ
ħ콾ﵽ˴ʥ磬һϢǿޱȣĿⲻľۼ˷ҰϣгŨ𾪺Ͳš
ͷʮɫ÷ǳѿɬĵħǲĴڣôҲһʥɱġǣΪʲôҸӦħ˵˿Ϣˣ
˫ǿŹһŷҰɬĵҲ޷ӦħϢȻţǣħӦˡ
ͷͼǸüͷɻĵħ˵Ϣȫʧˣѵƶ֮£ƶδȫָ챮Ҳûƶָ֣ŲȱƶĿɱħˣ
Ǹֳһ˿ЦߵѾǿҵˣħһЩϹŶԶסˣѹڴ˵ЩһҲģʱ»Ὣ췭ظ
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һĺǿĺɫħӰ˺գǰÿһӰѹд͸ϢõڶʥһϢС
һħӰžŸɫ̣űɫâűƵģᶶܹд̳Ѻۡ
ڶħӰŽɫ׵磬˳˿ŰԵɱ֮ƺ̺ſɱһƬӿ
ħӰǸȫеħͷܲʱŸֻ˵뵽У޷԰Ρ
ʥߣ
ҰħϢȵǸͭҲ˿ѷɫȫǻʵʥߣվʥ۷Ĵڣ
ϣħʥʸһƬУͿʼĲħϢȷʧˡ
ħʥʳƬУҰҶȫоһɲĸо˭Ҳû뵽ǳʥ߼ĸǿߡ
ּǿߣħ֮УҲΪ࣬ʱһǶܵһɳɽѹ
Ҳδ
ô˵϶ƴȫܣԷʥ߼ǿߣҲ濹⡣
һžŸɫ̵ħʥʱɨҰˣɫƬĴ㣬¶ɲɫ
࣬ݳûУϵں֣֮Աиŵɫʥʲͷĺʳɱڡ
ʥɻĵףֻƲǰЩ˸ոնϳֹ޷Ʋϵں֣֮һϢƲⲻѵ˵֮˵ĵбһߣ
ʥʻδ˵ǸȫеʥʽĿ۵ǵϣѹŭѯʵʻӣϵ׷ʲô飿
ͷʮתشʥʣոħ˳ӡħٻ֮żסȫļ߼ʥҪɱħˣħӲ˹ȥǷҰȥӦǶƶħһ
˳Żǵʾ⣬ʥʡʥʺʥʵĿȫڷҰϣʥȻʥһʥɱϣ
ʥŭɫĺӶѾ˵ǾͲдɱΪϱ𣡡
ʥʵĻδ䣬ŷҰңңĳһơ
һ޴ĺɫִӿʱշƺʱⶼڵǴص־ǿհѹҰ
ɺѹ£Ұ궼ڸ֨죬Ұִ߰˼ͼʥȻԱ
еըݱңһɹɿ񱩵ϯ˷
ֻɫ֮նٴαѹƽ߰˼ʥԱҲֵֻٶȻδ赲סֵֻѹ
ҰսʮȫԻȫľȫ۵ƶ֮С
ƶٱһͼǻ˹ƵģһӰΧƶƶ֮ƺľ
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ƶֻɫײһձֱӳһڶһ
ҰֱоиصƵģſѪǿѣܵصķ֮ˡ
ô˵ֵס˾ʥһƶٴλع鵽˷Ұͷš
Ұֳһɫƣһɺ嫶ȵҰܴı˲ָ
˶еǳ죬ҰסʥߵһȻˣƬ̾ͻָˣǶе˼顣
ѩСڶվڷҰԣɫȫޱȣΪҰԵš
СܹɱϣԲһĴʥϵܷͬСɡ࣬㻹õ̽𣿻ϱɣʥһϵĽɫȫ͸ݻΪһƬɫ׵һͷͷ׵ɵŻصܣŷҰȥ
ಣ
Сڼ񻷣ؼ˲һƬɫ磬ȫסˡ
С󣬷ѩҲв˳ȥˣӰأ׵ش󣬹ޱȡ
ҰҲٴμƶǽɫ׵֮Уһĺ죬ӿ
֣ڵֵס˽ʥʵıɱһ
ɱ
ʥŭһһƬƬõĹӰϳ˲䵽˷Ұǰֱ˵ӡȥ
ʥʡʥʺʥʶħһħڷҰУȫ˷裬˿˼ԼݣŷҰɱ


715 ԡѪս
ҰüðһĨ貵Ľ⣬żܵüԻһСӡǣϮĻþȫ赲⡣
ѩջв룬ˣ֯һƬԼǰ赲סʥʵĻþ
СڣʥĻþ˵ûκӰ죬ոտСڵüģͱĸ˥ܣ̰ʧؼ䡣
ʱ򣬾ʥʺͽʥʵĹֵˡ
ʥʱľŸ֮иԳһɫÿһһƴƵģֳХ֮ƣŷҰ˹ɱ˹ȥ
ʥǿбղŻǧޣһ໥ܻ׵н֯ͻ֮ŽɽӡľĻ֣һƬ֯磬ء
ղһѾ÷ҰӦķǳˣʥһ֣ǶûаտӦ
Ұųһâƶܼǿ״̬嫵ͬһӿȡ
ѩв룬Сڻ񻷣ȫɫصӭʥʵĹ
ӵܹӳޣҪסʥߵĹǶûʲôա
ʱһŻɫͼǵضǧȼգÿһֻ涼͸һɽȻͬϢ޾ڷգס˽ʥʵĹͼ
ӰڷҰߣ쳣͸һս⣬ʵĵ۷ʥͽˣοɲܴᡣ
Ҷֳ߲ꪻƲ񷣬ֱžʥʻľ繥ɱ˹ȥͬʱ˳ӭ˾ʥʵĹ
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һĺմƬƬıҰ˺ͻҶҲԴӱըĵ˻ÿ˵Ƕһ޵Ѫһ֮жܵ˲ơ
ʥʡʥʺʥҲÿ˴һۣжһ˿졣
˶Ѿﵽʥߵľ磬֮Ҳվ۷壬ȴüʥӳƿأǶеǳ⡣
ǡҲڷҰߣϽ޺;ħǹͷӳɻԣһɹɺ嫵
ʥߺʹʥû޷ңңԶ
Ұǵͷлô˵ɱħǷҰħʥߵҪҲ˷Ұϣǳ֣ȷ÷ҰѹСࡣ
ͻҲվʥߣױ֡ͼʮͷ͸ѹѹĺѡ
ʥʡʥʺʥʵж˸ųŭ⣬ʥŭɱϣǼ͸һɣ
ʥܵһֵĻ棬ɭĵΪмܹˣõ콾̫ˣƾǻʸʥʽа壡
ɱǣ򶼸ᣡʥ˸һɫ׵󣬻ɱڡ
Ұսڣĵǵ϶ˣƾǣܹз˻
ʥҧгݵĵϵΪͨ죬ĳڱ͵Ϯˣش˺飬ıϴ飬Ƶú鲻òԼʬϡϱʮ֮ã˼㣬лɳáɱͬһֻƵġ㻹Ϊܹʥ߲ɣ
ϻǲ٣ô˵ħѾˣҲֵ·ˣСڿЦһֽ̧񻷼˳ȥһǧ˲ؼ佻֯һƬɫŶǼһ﹥ɱ˹ȥ
ҰΨСʧСں˹ȥƶɢѹԽԽǿʢ糱ˮ
ɱҶҲ벽ˣһɢź嫵ƣȫԼŶԷɱ
ʥߣҲûطӣҰ˶Դ˶˽ķǳʱѡӱܣȫսͨ죬ҪҵĴսһ
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һһ޴ĺ𣬱Ѿưܲȫ򱬡
ҰƶžʥѹȥϢڿٵƵģһɺ嫵ڷʥʽּΣպ
ųһɫâӰʥסʥܵĻþ仯ʼ޷ͻСڵķ
СڱǸèתӵвֻþСڵϣСҲ˿塣
Ҷе߲ꪵ߸ֲиԴܳһӿϵԴֳҫ֮ƣʥƴɱ
ͼǧգ˵ȫǱƵģֻҪ鶯ǹɹŹֵƺ˵աͼͼ˴˼ѹƺײƵģһʱ֮䣬֮˭Ҳκβ˭
â˸Ͻڰһ͸һɹϢױֽײһ޴ޱȵĿռѷ졣
ѩܵвݺᣬϢеľħǹһͷڷÿһγֶ֣ǵʮӲպһһա
ħҪΪħ𣬽緢ƵģҰû·òԡѪս˫ɱۣ˶˲ʡ
䣡
ʥʻ۳һɣǿеֵסƶƬ̣ĳ̻Ϊŵɫ񽣣ն˷ҰϣڷҰºü͸Ѫע
Ұ˺ϸֳһɫǿֹסѪ޸
ʥʳ񻷵ͨղŵĽսѾ֪þСûãֱӻݺݵؽСɨ˳ȥ
ʥһȭҶǰҶ߹ǶҶҶҲ׷˳ȥɫ⻪˸ܿͻָơ
ƴɱÿ϶˲ʣеĽһƬеѺ۵ֻеսȴԽԽŨս
ϱ֮˺ѿѪڣǿ죬ڷױ֮ҲѪ¡ҲòȥϵϽµ˺ۺѪۣɫħѪƮա
ѩ͵΢һǻһͻƵʥ磬ͬԸǣ˴ӦҲûгʲô
Ƭ򶼱飬һ·սɱ뵽һƬϢĴ֮У಻ԶҲ콾ľŽʮ֮һ
䣡
ڼ䣬飬һȫŰɫ۳ɵĴӳڰУصغڷҰı
֮¾ֽƵģǹŹִӵǿޱȣƺԽǿմ綼鿪
ҰӦͱ˳ȥϵϽʥ˲飬޴ҰѿѺۡ
ҰͷǸͻأڰǱСİɫ񴸣Ȼѿڶմ
Сɵİɫ񴸣Ȼʮһմ


716 ʥ
մɽϵͿռ䱾Դ۶ɣͨŰף͸Ϣʮһǵء
һȫϸƬħڰУסմɢϢõΧն֧飬ĿŷҰ
ǽгħͷš
Ұɫ˸Ĭ˲񼼣ڵ˲޸
ʥʣշĽˣȥԸ˰ɡſ˵һĻеմ˲ʧҰȫëէƶԼǰ
䣡
һ춯صĺ񱩵ڰоҷҰ˺
ŷҰ¶һ˿ɫЩĵƶȻϣȻûȫָܹסմҲˡ
ҰĵħıûǸ˵󻰣иմմҲûмǰʮûʸǰţ
䣬Ұɫһ䣬ߣ˲תƵ˰￪⡣
ˣ
Ÿɫ̳ڸոշҰվλãǾʥʱ㸡˳˫Ŀгһɱ⡣
΢΢üͷ䵭ĵʥʣǺ⣿
ʥĿŭɫ飬֣ܳҷǳмǣɱħˣұҪն
ҴӲֶԵУȻִҪ֣ҾͲˣһοʧԭأٴγֵʱ򣬾Ѿڵߡ
䱾ڸѩһΧǣȻɫ䣬Ȼը
䣡
մͻأĳղŴλã鿪ӰڰУ¶һ˿ɫ
ӰڲԶٴ۶ɫ԰ףǹѪ
մϮɱ̫ͻȻˣħǹûüٻطӹմıɱһҲܵ˲ơ
һ߽˵ͷѩֹƣվԶİУĿɭȻŵ䣬ĵܹõħǹ˵Ҳģɡ
δ䣬ֳմŵ乥˹ȥ
һߣѩͻҲĴսвʮ棬͸һһ̶ըƬ顣
ҰѾսһ׼֪ȴмڸʥ֣ȥҵսȥˡ
ҰնɱħʥʶԷҰ֮ǣŸɫ̾ǾűƵģн֯ŹͼŷҰն¡
Ұƶ͸ɫײһ
ʱ򣬷ҰüжȻһ貵Ľ⣬żȻžʥѹȥ
ʥɫ΢䣬зһͳĴϳ۳һɣԼǰ
䣡
һײ𣬽˺ѿһһĴѷ죬綼ھҶš
ʥǱĳڰУȾɫħѪϵҲ֪˶ٸһܵ˷ǳصơ
żٴû뵽Ұü֮УҰϻЩȻʱ򣬾żҪھųֵģԼûż׼ھȻҲóˣ
Ǹо˷ҰĲ죬ż翵ڷҰԺ𣺡ԴɲÿμȫҪĴѾѹȫͷųȥˣǸһֻܰ㵽ˡ
Ұͷս
ҰΪڴʥ磬ʥΣǶƶҲûпɱ۷״̬µľʥʡ
ھʥѾܵشҰҲûл
ƶޣҰƶûƶС
Ұգһտɫ񽣳Уɢһ˲ϢƺبʹƵģ֮
ϵ֮ʥʾϱŭЦߣϵܹ֮õ˵ģ
˵ţʥ˫ֿһϵڣҪ֮ڵԡ
Ƭ֮󣬾ʥʵɫ쳣ѿŵĵôܣȻĨµϢôģ
Ұе֮ųһĨ貵ɫâԵžʥնɱȥ
һնƬж˸㲻ƵģõþʥʵķӦٶȶûࡣ
ͣ
֮ھʥ»һѪۣɫħѪȪӿһӿǾʥÿ죬һ¾ܹնϡ
ҰץһѵҩУȫ֮Ҫžʥ֮ʣʥʼǿ߸նˡ
˶һս򶼱֧飬һƬһƬѿ񱩵ǵء
Ƭ콾ӶˣһŻΪƬӳȥġ
Ұƺļ֮֮ųһԶԹâɫ⻪ÿһ䣬ȫžʥʹɱ
ʥʽŸ̼ÿһ涼˸һĨմƶڳԱߣӭ֮
ҰȻһƬ嫵ˢһ³˲һΪţŸȫڣ֮ӿٵնʥʵͷ­
ʥɫ䣬֪֮İԵŭһʣµļǧȫͬʱּһԼǰ
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һĺһϿҲûмֶþͱΪ룬֮Են˾ʥʵͷ­ϡ
ʥʵȻը貵һŵĴӱըĿٳŻŵҪ˴
ʥʵҡħڷҰԺ
۸¸£󲹰ŵͻأڰ𣬾ͼհƶһӽʥʵ
ʥʣ䣡
ħָޣԸʥУԸʥʸģδսҰʼûжħ
ħҲҪָӦеʥʵдãȴȵˣֻƵ˵˾䣺͵û˵
Ұţ絹ƵĽһſŵҩԼУͬʱ˸ɫִԼڣٻָ
ոս߷֮ȫܣΪҲĸɾˡô˵նһħʥߡ
࣡ʥʺʥȫųϵĹҶСڶֻз֮
˵ĿⶼۼڷҰϵʱմһӽħǹɣٶ˿ŵ˹ȥ
ɫ䣬մת۾͵ǰѹʱ䶼ûС
ҰټߣȴҲˣ

Ȼһĭ鿪һӡ˸޵ɫӴӰи֣ڵǰմıɱһ
ͥӣҰųһĨ貵âж˿
٣Ǳסˡ


717 
ڤΰӰУĸߴͦΣеâͱˣƺԽմƣӹ͸һɰԵš
ڤͷ˿˿Ƶɫ͸һѹƾʮصԼǧ졣
ڤĳ֣ж֮ҲԼͬ˿ֳӪңңš
лڤԮ֣ڤͷл
ڤĵ˵ͷͱ˵ĿϣԾĵ۸ʥˣҪմͥôãܾˣǼɵ½Ͷˣ
һ鴤Լ׵ʥ߾磬֮Ҳڶǿˣƽʱп𡣴ʱڤеȴֻǸ۸ʥߣõеǳơ
˫Ŀ΢УѪ촽ЦǴ󲹣ҵ볢ζ
±ڤӣеâĻ꣬һɫ׵磬ԦӾɱ˹ȥ
ҰһĨ֮ɫҲû뵽ڤı徹Ȼһͷ롣
ڤĹɱȻ壬ŰɫմȻ֣صⰻȻϡ

Ӳ֮һȫޣƺƴޱȡ
մһ֮£ǿգϣȴҲֻܷǸľ׮ײƵġ
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飬ʮ˲ڰУÿһ㱦͸һɺ嫵֮һʵڤ硣
ʮ˲գһʵʮ˲棬͸һ׺ѹ
ҰѾʶħٻʮ˲Ӱˣʮ˲ı壬ǵһμ
ţһ嫵ҷˮ˵ɫΣһɫԲ̳ڰС
ɫԲӡһǳһĿ̺ۣԲ̷ֳǧǧСӣһ״ĹڰɫԲ֣ɫָתݣϢ쳣ڵ̣
¸ֳ󳾵Ӱ峺Ŀû˿ʣһ׵̶Ϲ񵭵Цݣ׽Ϣ
ŷҰ˵˵ͷĿʮ˲µǸħϣſڷһּˣ֪ڵսˣ
ϵЩСȫһĪ֮ʮ˲µĻȥ
һʮ˲лһһʵڤ磬ǹ֮໥
䣡
ٴα˺ѣһһ޴ĥ̳ڰУĥ̳෴תƺ磬ưԾ˫
ڤĥ֮£Ʋ磬¶һ˿ɫȻҲûϵδսȻּ
ˣ
ѩгڰУѩ͸һɱ˵˺ѿһĿռѷ죬޷ֺϡ
ѩ£ѩ֮ѩľգŷҰЦͷʾ£ڤңңš
䣡
ѣһɿѹưܲȻ飬һ޴ͭ¯УȼգüԶܹܵһɺİѹ
ͭ¯ħڷҰԺЩɫ
ʶⶫҰѯ
ħͭ¯ħ컯ΪΪ̿Ϊֻͭ磬ҲǷǳǿĴڡ
һΰߴͭ¯·һһ㣬ͷϵĻɫܹһˣ͸Ϣ쳣ǿ
ңҲˡЩߴꡣ
ߴĿڳɨһȦüɨһۣߵˣǻβ͡
ҵĻδ䣬оٴƿһ̹أԴϵĳڰС
ľڳ棬һϮ޷裬͸һ鶯һɺ޾Ϣ
Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬾ôֱ֣ǲ顣
Ұ¶һĨȻ֮ɫѹɱħʱûмв֣ԭǱѹ˸֮ڡ
ѹĪߣҲЯԼŵ˹
еĿռ䲨ɺ嫣ƺڵ;С
Ȼػ콾ľƿնһƾճǰС
ߴüĿϹһ˿˵Ц⣬Ȼǰģ
ڷҰӡ֮Уոռĵʱ򣬶ԷǸǿ߰
ڣҰѾ׵˴ʥ磬ڰĵΪɿ͸
Ұ˹վصͷϣΪľͽĵһΪǿľԶеĻҪǿ
ĵžȻڶħĵ飬͵Ϊֹɡ
벽飿ʥصĵ˳
ҰСڡѩҶȫ𣬼ĳǻΪֻǸʥߣû뵽ȻǸ벽飡
벽飬ֻ벽ͿԳΪ飬ǧ
뵱ĻŰһ콾ӭӵţ˿ûа벽ļӣƽ׽ˣ÷Ұ˵ĿжԵһ־⡣
ĲûʥʵʣĵħѾˣѾ콾򣬽Ҳýˡ
ʥŵ׵âϳŭɫҧгݵĵѾħôѾСնɱħˣ˵ͽ
ԣ˵ͽĵųһâ̧ŽʥһƣһӰֶӰзƱãݺݵӡ˽ʥϡ
䣡
ʥصص˳ȥǰĹѣֱ飬ֱӽˡ
һ֣סˣļħ崫ҲĵĿг˼ɵ
һİ벽飬һڰ˵ľ֣ܹӳܡ
ǶǰҪɱǣҲ̫Ѵ
ʥʾŭӵŰģŭͺΪǰ벽˲ˣһҪΪħ𣡡
˵ţʥʵĺзŹֵֽڣͳգԸ׳꣬ħѪеĲս꣬Ѱɣ
䣡
ʥʺȻըվĵطӿֳһ棬һɺ嫵ѹһħӰ˳
Ӱ·һƵģ͸ѹѹԶ귢˸˲𷴿ͷ


718 ħ
ȥˣվȥˣҲòдˡĵƽȻȫǵӰӭȥ
¡¡
һĺ𣬴սȫҰ˶޷ֻܸӦһɹɺ嫵ѹ˷
ȻըӰ֮վ٣رһĴѷ˺Ѳ񷣬Ƶɱ֯
ӰɱǿУһſǳ飬һΪ档
һİ벽飬һʥѪԼٻħս֮꣬Ĵսϵսˣ㷽Ұ˶֣Ҳܹסǲ˭Ҳ֡
֮󣬰ĵӰٴγڰУȾѪ׷΢ңžϵȴӺ嫣ѹ綼ѡ
ҰзǳĳأĿһİ벽飬һħսսѾˣһħֵܹ
벽飬ʼջ飬Ȼֻ벽벽칵֣赲ס˾콾Թܹ벽
ڰĺħսսʱ򣬷Ұ˺ħЩǿҲٳ֣ڰңңţתطҪսȴһ˿սеľܹ׽һɹɵ
ħսĴս̫ǿˣŽʮ֮еԻаڤħҹɱ򡢱ѩȰ˴򶼱ǵĴսޣ״ӾŽʮг
еս⽥ȥĿĮȻɨʥʣĮĵ͹
ʥǱͷŭȴҲٸĽа壬ħս궼Ѿˣ뱨Σ
콾а벽ػڰ˵ľ֣ħҲһ벽飬Ҳ޷κεǰλˡ
ҪһأΨħУ
ֻǣħʵһʥʿöģңԼ֪ħҲ޷ɽִһħ
ʥҧ߿ԣҪ֮ȥ
Ϣ֮ڣٲ߾ͲˡȻȴ͸һԵİԵ
ʥʸܵڵԽԽӿʵĸܵһɱĸоҲҪ֮ݺݵĵ˷Ұһۣͽ˺գʧؼ䡣
ʣµķǵҲ˺գ뿪˴˴ħһʥʶˣǿɲһ벽顣
ˣħ֮²Ļˣħ䣬ʥʻûнܳˣħһӴ˱˥䡣
ϣڣһȥ콾ɡŷҰһ롣
˸ԼŰһ𣬷ص콾֮С
Ļ˻֣ÿ˵ǰһ뵵裬ɢ㡣
ǰΪβֽЩħŶɱˣߣǻΪĴ󻼣ѩŲ豭Űʳĵ׵ɻ
ǷѩļҲЩɻ
Ŀһİ벽飬ǰȫ֣Щħ콾壬Ҳסɣ
ҰȻԼնɱħ֮ʱɨԼǵ⣬ƺ˰ΪβնɱЩħ콾
̾һħصܣԶеĻҪҳնɱħµʥ߻£ֻҪǼħ겻̫飬Ҳǳֻ֣֡ѡ
˵ɫЩأһ벽鶼˼ɵǽҪߵĵ·ǳѡ
ҰɫصĵɱħʱҸܵһɨϣһȫ¶͸ĸоҲ֪һħ񡣡
Ҷɫ΢ѹֵɫ죬ԭǱһǿ߸ˣܹɱħ飬ħλϴҲ̲סҪעˣҪСˡ
ҰЦİɣҽһս֮Լҿɲô͹ˡ
ڤֱӷҰѯѣ鶼ɱħħҲֻɱɱħģҸоƶûɱǸħ
˵ĿҲ䵽˷ҰϣҪ֪Ұġ
ҰʱԱ߼ʥħ;ƿݵĵزܹɱҡ
Ұûо̸ֱǼžأɲô¶
Ҳ֪ҰϿ϶ܣȻҰ˵Ҳûټѯˡ
̸·ϵļţÿ˶ЩĻõ˶̾ѡ
һȼŻĵһƬǺǸʥߣͼҲ޷뵽ɫĵ֮С
ҰһŹƯ̺ȵ޷
ڤһƬмһ˿ӣȫʥͣǵӻ壬ҲѾǴڡ
ħһѪȾħɽħɽвɱɷԼиӦһ޶Ӵĵϡ
ҲŲͬĻõǺ͵ж·ѡ
ѩĶЩӵܵľҲǳĽѩ֮Ҳȥ·һˡ
գ˵ʱֻΣ֮Ҳ֣֮ܳлҪǳ棬Կħ塣
ľɵħҲкü뵽սȻײ½򶼸ˡ
ƽĵԵǲ̫ģ鼶ǿҲˣѪأټϾŴ챮أײҲܽ顣սѡڸ߿գò̫顣
˶صĵ˵ͷū۵޾£ž޵鶼һƬѪһܹħ
̾ħǧһ򣬹ƾҲȥˣ֮ոֱħǿǿ߶һ㱻ѹɱǲѡ
˴ǵһ˵أезǳѹ֣ҪԼΪܹڽħ֮ʱӸá
˸ȥ֮ʱĵһ䣺֮Уٳ顣˵ģ𾴵ȡǴǵģмȫ֮ĵԼ߳ģǺΪ֮
˶Щ˵ĴˣǴ
Թ鶼վ۷壬޾Ի͡ǣǵĺϾҲṳ̂磬ȫֹڰ񾳽磬д˵еһ
ⷬνһѪĵ֢ڣЩ콾ȫģλ񼶱ˣˡ
ȫŰʩһ񣬸лĵһŸȥ


719 ʢ
콾⣬Ұصδѩ˵һѩܷܷ·ϵѩĶѩܷܷ߱·ÿһ֮صѡ񣬱ʾǳ֧֡
ҰѩȥͣѩԾܾˡѩԵлħǿݷҪȥѩִ֮ƴ֣뷽Ұ˸ǣ뿪ȥ
ҰͷѩСڡһ˺գܿ͵½֮С
ո̤뵽½֮УҰ͸оһ޶嫵ѹѹϢпԸӦеǹѹ
ɢĹŹѹΪ֮½ǳ½һ㱣֣ԴħеһЩʥƬԺħеǿиƬµġ
ҲΪˣ½⼸ʮ귢չΪѸ٣Ϊ˺ôһء
ʱ½϶Լһ½ϵѾżˣʱʱܹһ½һٵľ
Ұɽɫ΢΢˱䣬ڻɽ֮УûзС껵Ϣ
ϸӦ֮²֪С껾Ȼĵ֮УҰӦĶǳģ
Ұһ˲ûΣǸոս䵽ɽϣ򸾴ͫīԳͨ졢ơ˶ڻɽϣӭǵĵ
Ұڷ˴ĵر˴ĹؼȪʥҩ˷ңʮȥˣҵʵѷ˺ü
Щ˵УΪߵͫԳͨ죬϶ѪռŵƣѾﵽ˾Բ硣
īƶﵽ˾ڣɽĵ˶ﵽ˾ڣҺ֮еķ־ϼҲﵽ˾硣
ܹﵽģ͸ˣסȫﵽ磬һҲǿ߱١
﷽Ұв֣ȴܹܵѪŨˮ飬ǷҵС
ҰĹ֮Уȱ˷ͷ塣
СҰӭؼң
ѩǰƯˣ
壬ôҿᰡ
壬ܱ͵𣿡
Ұ壬ܷܷأ

ߴߴӭŷҰһ˵Ļع飬ҰЦ⣬ҲڰԸпԼûлؼң屲ˡ
ҰһһͷŷЦ峤ûгʲôӰɣ
װ˰ֺ֣ǺǵĵѾ峤ˣڵ峤Ƿɽ
Ŷô¶ҰĿڷɽϣ΢΢еЩ⡣
ɽЦƸʵģһ뵱峤ʹˣҵڲ嵱峤Ŀദ
״ЦɽЩϼһﶼˣҲ˶ൣһЩˡ
ҰķɽļЦȻ彫峤֮λˣ˵ҿ㣡úøɰɣɺã
ɽ¶һ˿Ժûʲô⣬µЩԴڷҵʵ
Ұͷٴѯʵôûп尡ȥˣ
СͰȲסһǰͻƵ˾ڣѾ̤·ˡ㣬ͼˣ޸˷׸еһλܳӡɽĻжЩп
Ұζӳ£ĿⲻԾĴӷɨĵװ̾һ
뷽࣬ڻûмˣⷽҰףֻǷҰѩܷܷҲݲˣһҲֻܹĵĿˡ
ǷҰӢ䣡ӷɽһͷԵ꣬Լʮӣ׳ĸСţƵġ
ҰɫһȻŷɽһȭţЦа㷽ɽ㾹ȻѾˣӶôˣ
ɽЦЦҵߵļҾͽˣҶӣС
ҰСԴ¶пɫŷСѯʵСһҪʲô
Ҫһ󶦣˵һ󶦣ҪôѹˣС˳Ľк˳
Ұֱӽʥ˳ʥʱûʹãڣҲòˡ
ҰóʥɽȷҰھæƴǵҰ̫ˣʥС⺢Ӳ£ǧ棡
ʥ˵ѾûʲôˣСϲͺáҰЦЦ̧ھʥķӡ
һʥԶҪ뷢ӳʥҪΪһҿʥķӡС
գҰʥ˸Σ˷СĲϣ÷С˷ֱܵ
Ұŷɽѯʵɽ֪֪Сô¶
黹˵ɡվ˳
ô¶ѩѯʡ
̾˿Ѿȥʮˣߺĵ꣬˶ѾΪҪȥ·ϴһʱҽͻƵ磬ɽ֮ʱȴⴥ˲֮뵽Ǵڡ
ҰһǸʲôĵطɱʥͽȥʮа˾Ҫޡ
׵ͻƵ磬㷽Ұ֪ǻҲ̲סЩġ
ԳЦЦҵǲûһӾû뵽֣ССһ϶ǰ·Ļᣬһִʱգɱ
Ұ¶һ˿οЦݣԼ⼸ͽҲûա
Ƕ֪ĻᣬΪ˾Լĸ׷ɺԥķ·ϵҫԼǰ;ִ
ôˣѩ̲סѯ˳
Ц⼸СһȷӵĴˣ֣Ļ̫ˣ񼶴󶼶Ӱ첻Ǻܿҵңû˳Ҫ֮УĥԼ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬һﻹ벻Ǵ֮оƵأ벽鶼һǵ죡
СֺǺǵЦ֣Сӵл壬񼶴ҲסǼ򵥵ö࣬˵Ѿ̤·ˡ
ǳ֮ǰѾ˵֣̤·Ϣع⣬֪ʲôķء
ҡͷҲ֣СӲûģʵġСӳصʱѾʥˣʣµһҲҪƾԼ֣ҪǳҲã˲Ҫǡ
Ұ΢벽鶼ˣ־ž޵ʥ߶ֻܱУ֣ȴĴˣʵ̫ˡ
Щȣ֣ͻƳʥ鵹Եˡ
Ұ¶һ˿Цѹ⼸ֵļһһֱûɱ·ԭеΣտɱ·Ҫǿ̫ˡ


720 
ҰӶĵĥҰԼû뵽
ÿ˶ԼĵҪߣӵУҰãԤԼչ߳Լĵ
Ұڸ˽̸Ȼ¶һ˿飬ĿԶС
磬ôˣѩɻѯʡ
ҰЦˡ
Ƭ̣ɽ˶ܵһɺ嫵ϢԶ֣Զ߸ֳһĨѪɫžǵصŴ˴ӿ˹նһƬѪ
ɽ˵ɫзҰߣǵҲη塣
ѪгѪȺͲбϢŨճѪڷӿµӰѪг춯أŨѪζ衣
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Ѫʱ򣬴һλгһɫһܿͱһ׵ڵķٳĿҲǻɽ
䣡
Ѫײһ𣬷һ춯صĺж˺ѿһռѷ죬·Ƶġ
ʹҲֵ֪ѻɽҲˡҰЦһгһɫʰ쵵ӡУѿտֺϣҵƽնȶ
ѪֿѪ£ߴͦεڰС
Ұֱʮˣ쿴ɶʮͣڷɢŨüī޽ãۻ룬͸һ˵İԵơ
˿ѪζûУƺղŵѪ޹Ƶġ
ǵİ츮ʣ½УҲǰéõѪ֮󣬾һڲͬĵ·
ߵ·һݾҪѪҰͳȰҪסԼķչᶨҪԼĵ
Ұɻǵõ˵Ƿѡ·֮ǰҾˣ˺һңʲôѾεĸԼһδεĴһδεͻƼޣҵĵ
Ѿ׵ʥ߾磬ٵڣ߳ǲûס
÷Ұοǣ첢ûбѪʧģǴǰǸ졣
һߣ׺Ҳ£ӰڰС
ΰڷ٣˸˿˿׹⣬һʥСҲͻƵʥ߾硣
ÿ˵֮·ǳ˿Σѣ걻Ҷ׺ھϵų֮ࡣ
Լȫ컯еĺܾ׺ɵڣѹһЩ˶
춼ȷҰ̤·һ·ʮأʮ֮ж˱׻Ҳȫʥˡ
Ұ߳˱˴ʶԼͬ˸ԺһȭһЦ
Ұˣջصħźδۼ֤һս
ӣѪôŨɱ˶飿
ˣ׺׽ٵУ㲻רȥװȥ˰ɣ
˳˵ţȫǳˡ
ˣӣϲʶңɵʱٴλ˽˿̬ڷҰ˶ȡ
ʹŻԴЦ飬ԭСӣȥģͲᰲ
ͷһ֮׽ȥ
¶һĨ𾪵ɫЩŵĵʥ
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ҰһڻͷϣųЦǰϵ빲Ϊʼһģһǣıƶ״̬ȴЩ⣬ȴ𣬿ɻ󡣡
ж¶Ȼɫ֪Щ⣬ȴһֱû뵽ƶ
ڶʮ֮Уûκһӵģ״̬Щ⡣
λѣǷʶңСڵЦСӳ㿡ݣ൹ǲ
ϸӦСϵϢͬʱֻè
СڵΪСڵûƿֻҪ㹻Դܹ޵ĽףΪȷҰҪǿһЩ
ָѩԼڶ෽ҵѶԺһ
˵䣬Ҷ÷ɽСȺҶŵ˵ˣ󻹸Ÿ
ҰͻصɽǾڻɽ˽ţ֪ҰعϢ֮Ҳۡ
죬ҴϯԳͨµЩƳڶƣʱдˡ
ϯ䣬˵Щľõ˶˵Ƶģ·֮ϣνǾһܹŻҲȷЩҡ
Ұľĳȣڸг۵ҩҺż֮⣬ͭףħ֮ǰնλħħ棬ľȵȡ
ÿһ鶼𺳰ˣȵҰԼľ½꣬˶Ѿľˡ
˴죬ֱ˴˽һЩĵã졢Ҷ÷Ҳȥ
֮ǰҰÿ͸ǲٵҩƷʥͳȥ٣Ա˵ǳҪĵҩڷҰ˵㲻ʲô
Ұ뵽ɽǸСУСгŨ̺Ĵӵʥػȷһʥء
ҰǧϾȫ뵽СУʥСٴһõСΧԼаССҲȹ
СűеģҰĴƿռóڶʥ͸ϧϣÿһӡڴűĵطԽԼдԼ츳ˡ
ȵҰЩ꣬Ŀ䵽ССɽϣʥҩʥҩҡҷš
ҰֱӽʥҩŲƵԼƿռ֮УֽʥҩնϣԼ֮Уʥҩһȥ
ҰѾ͸ӡֻûʥҩٳ޷봫е񼼡
ڼʥҩҰﻹȴȥ
ҰԺиֳ̤޾Ļ棬žͻΪһ񱩵ƣӡԺ
Ұȫ񶼼Щ棬뵽˸֮Уϸ봫Ĵ
º󣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣӰ֣һ֡
ףⲻڤ𣿡Ұһɫ
ôҲû뵽봫е񼼣Ȼڤùף


721 
̺񼼾Ȼڤùף÷Ұеǳ⡣
Ұ뵽Ļڤıһͷ룬ڤڵͥҲЩ²⡣
ͥ
ڤΪһ壬ܹӵ봫е񼼣Ҳ˵ùȥ
Ұ̧죬иֳһ貵ɫ׵磬ˢһ³ʣͼȫɫ׵֮ǣ۳һⰻȻ׵磬ǿԡ
׵еİԵƣҰ˸һĨ貵â
ףľΪ֮ѹһԵǿףɱһС
˲䱬͵ģȷҰȫһҪǿʮ࣡
ңľΪҲʮսǽսȫܹӳҲǿɴʮٱ
Ψһȱݣ޷ֹĶã㷽ҰѾ˴ʥ磬ܹ׵ĴҲǳޡ
ҰҲǳˣӵ˲䱬͵񼼣ĵֶһ
ҰϵδԲߵӡһֱûʱħӡźܴռ䣬һʼ޷
ǣҰûмε֮Уħ֮ÿ춼ڷҲû˼ٽ֮ˡ
ڷҰ봫еʱ䣬ѩСںͻͫīƵȫ뿪˷ңǰնɱħȥˡ
֮У޷ɳΪġҵڶ⣬ЩܹģΪڷ絲꣬÷׳ĳɳ
ҲӵԼ鱨зҲǳ
ħƴ½Ԫ½ΪһʳŴ½Χڤе鶼תƵ򡣡
ڤ½½ʮбƣǧڷ
ħеڶǿ߸Ǵ뵽˸֮УڸռɽΪ飬ӶԴһЩħ˾Ŵ֮С
½ڴīһӺɱһжûеֵ
Ĵ½ǱҰһ
½¾ʮ׾֣սһ䡣˵ǽֵĵطϢƲ׾Ӧӵ컯顣
ҦӢڣһ𣬽ɱħĻʥ˻ʥȴʥߡ
̫ɽ챻ħʥ׷ɱؼʱ̣ó̫죬Ǽħʥɱ
ڤΪ֮ͥħʥ£ڤʹݷ
õϿɣΪţѹĴ½
Ҳ׷״λڵǿ콾һ˻ˡ
󳾺Ҷֱɱ뵽ƴ½Ԫ½նɱħǿڶ࣬ڱħȫͨ

һһϢ뷽ҰУҰɫƽȴ쳣ء
ħⱣǿ簲İ벽飬ԴҲΪ
ʱҰҲеһУǴʥΪ򺱼ǿˣش֮£ܹ𵽵Ҳ޵ĺܡ
׾ٻ÷ҰЩȡ
׾챳Ǹ٣ƾԸħ׾쵹ҲĻ
ܹɱ˵׾ҲӦôﵽ˴ʥ硣
ҰߣһЩܼ飬ܵħΪػһ
뿪֮ǰҰרŻһ뵽ȥһˣ֮浣С껻ʲô顣
ԶԶأҰ͸ӦƬǿвϵĺձݣÿһȭ·ҪһƵģûκι֮ȭͷȴһΨҶİԵ
죬أһȭ򷨣ɱһС
Ұ¶һ˿οЦݣǷҰ֮һȴ߳һڲͬĴ
귽ҰżħȴûжþϵħԼĴ
󣬵ȵ껴ȥʱ򣬱ؽ֮ʱ
ṳ֮̂У÷ҰĲ٣ǿȻȱ͵˵û̫Ӱ졣
ҰϸӦ֮£ҲӦС䣬֮С
ҰٴηصڵƬ嫴½½ɳɱ㷽ҰҲ״Щɱ
ȻܹƵӡĲУҲȫǲûг֮УϸӦһС
СһеĴУ˫ֲʱʲôֳܸһƬƬĹ켣Ȼģе
СҲǱ֮УֻǽڲϵݻԼĴ
ҰҲ̾С츳֪СϵҲ츳
СݻѾľ߳ˣʱգؽܹɱȫݻ
ҰӸиĳÿ˶߳Լһ޶ĴڲõĽضԴʣ÷Ұеǳο
С껶ڸԼĴҰҲûдǣֱջԼ
ӵУҰзվڷССɽϣҪԼȫӡ
÷ҰȵǣߡغִӴʵ֮еõ񼼾Ȼ޷κκۼ޷⴫
Ҳǣ֪ˣʵеĴѱ˵õȴδҲΪ޷⴫Եʡ
ڤܹӵ׵񼼣ΪѪдеԵʡħӵ񼼣ҲѲ˸ϵ
֮£ҰֻýһħԼϲ֮ɭҪƵӡܹʩչҰҲû¡
Щ֮󣬷Ұ뿪˷ҡ
ҰԼĴ㣬ֻǰ½ֱһƬɽ֮е׾졣
׾һǿڷɢƤɫƣݷһɿ񱩶嫵ơ
˼棬ȫ쳣һ֮󣬷Ұֱ⣺ȥƴ½Ԫ½֮սħ壬նֿɷȤ
׾ЦӢͬҲ뷨ֻȥٵĻֻܸ󳾺Ҷһ׷ɥ֮Ȯһ㣬һЩһȥħϴһ


722 ŭնȺħ
Ұ¶һ˿Цݣħ֮УΣԼ˵ʲôʱͻǳһħʥʣΪʥߣͲҪˣõʱƽ׶
á׾ЦŻӦ˫ֿ趯һķ׭û֮С
Ұͣ׾һ𣬺裬˵顣
Ƭ̣Ұ׾ͬʱԶҰЦӣزˣɡ
īӰ΢ֵڰʵЦеĵ֣˵㼴ΪʥˣҼٿʥ£
Ұֶ̧һƿЦӣ㻹浱ʥƿֻʥһţҪҪ㡣
Ҫô᲻Ҫ۸¸£ƷʥеļƷ˵;ˣ㻹󷽣īӰĽӹƿϳ˷ܵɫ
Ʒʥʥ龧ٶ඼򲻵ҰͳīӰвҪĵ
ҵǷأӶˣɲͽҸˡ׾޳ܵŷҰҪ
Ұʼ磬ٴεݸ׾һʥЦİɣǰƴ½Ԫ½ȥսħģзݣ
׾õʥҲǳˣֵ֮ҩĺܣͻƵʥʱòϣһЩҲܹõϡ
ʱǰĵлĸֳһӰƮƮʷǷδ峾
峾ֱ֮ӽĿתҰЦŵŷַ粻ɰ
Ļδ䣬жȻóĻڰУܸɴĵǷݡ
Ұϵʥ࣬Ҳûģÿһʥ
Ŵе⼸һ׾Ƥ̲ס£̾ϢŸпǼһûһŵģĻɽͬ裬ҲֻܵסһЩˡ
˹ЦҰѯʵǷ˵
׾쳤ۻĵûˣҪô̫ԶҪôʸ񲻹ƾǼҲԽħָ췭ظ
Ҳûйֱͣ˺գʱдƴ½˹ȥ
Ұ׾졢īӰ峾ͻȫﵽ˴ʥ磬ǵٶȶʱ͵ƴ½֮С
ƴ½ŨĿħľݰܣţ׹Ǵɼܹڡ
Ըϵƴ½֮Уƴ½ħȺжҡ
һԶž޳ȫħͳĲݴٲȻһƬë֮ء
ƴ½֮󣬷Ұһ˵ٶȱƴ½ежĳء
ƴ½еЩ޳ǣȫħľݵ㣬ھ޳ʿħĿ֮£ħԼϲɱ飬ÿ춼дʿȥ
Щ޳ǣһЩѾħݻ٣ûбݻٵģҲˣһɫҴңʱ̵ħ
ֻһЩɽеʿԼĳЩƫƧСׯûбЩħ岨Ҳֻʱ⡣
ƴ½еĸʿȫħħ֮£û˿ɣûһ˿ϣ֪ʱȥϦ硣
ħ彵ҲҪеϾɱǽе鵱Դÿնȡ֮
ƴ½Ǹ֮أͱ綾ɱ˲飬ħѡ˴Ϊݵ֮һǲء
Ұƣƴ½Ѿ֮࣬е಻ʤٶȥҲֻʣµˡ
һ·Ұĳأ˸ɱԽԽŨ
ҲȷҰõȥȫɱڡ
ƴ½֮һʥߵڤҹʥǱĴǱн뵽ƴ½ֱӶڤҹʥնж
ڴʥȥ¾ʥʣò˵ǵĵӶС
ǿƴ½֮Ҳıˡ
Ұɱ˸صĵħ̫бˣԸڤҹʥʵȲȰѸ֮аʥϵħ嶼ȥ˰ɣȥĻ֪ж
ƴ½еħݵ㣬ħҲʤҪħȫɱɾҲʵҪôĻһлûɾƴ½еħǿ߾ͻȫۼˡ
ҰҲֻ˶Σֻɱʥϵħ壬ֻҪħĸ߶ˣħҲ̫˻
ãô죡̲סˣ׾ȻӶȭͷɱޡ
Ǳ˴˴ѶͶλԼΣվ֪ͨˣͬС
ͬŮɢƵƴ½зɢݸԵļ䣬Ѱƴ½ľ޴ǳء
ҰǷֱ֮󣬿һ޳ǣ޳ǣһǣҲ뵽ħС
Ϊ˷ֹʿ͵Ϯ޳ķѴ򿪣ֿʣ֮ȴħݺᡣ
ҰؿһħӰھ޴зɽɳӰ졣
ȴֻܴӳſڴҪ̰ܵеħڳſڴֱӳˣѪȶҡ
ҰɱŨٹ˼̫࣬ʥһɫ㻮ʣȭͷųһĨ貵âصغػ档
¡¡
ſ񱩵ʥػַһĺѿһĴѷ죬Ұһȭ˿
е˶̲ס̧ͷ죬˸ϣɫ
Ƕף˴ˣĿȻħ塣
Ұڲ񷣬ȫųɣĴʥƵаڣ˲ҳ˰ʥϵħ塣
ҰֱӶɭ󣬻һþڶħʥȫŪ˰׳ա
лħʥɭ󹥻֮ǿ֮һʥȫֻʵӴܡ
ҰߣıֳһƬ嫵أһУ˴˽ӳɻԡ
Ұִ֮нĥ̼˳һһ޴ĥ̳˳ȥת
ḥ̂޳еڶħ嶼
Ұģḥ̂Ѿ߱ĥ̵ϣļĥȣҲԶˡ
ĥ֮£ʥûֶþͱȫ飬һû¡
޳еĸʿȫеǳ𾪣ĥ̵ĸѾӡĵ
УʥϵħѾҾĨһҪȥвħмľ͸Ͻɣʹ޷ʹãڤħռݣΨ˺ղߵĻᣬľŴʱǰȫġҰһ仰Ÿһи˹ȥ
ȫеʿڸħսеʿȫӴܣеʿ˺նߣѪħѪϣҲ
Ұٶȿ磬編ƣܿͽʮ޳еħ߲ȫնɱٴκһ޳ǵķ֮һŭӾ޳𣺡˸Ұ
ףۻԵδ£һħӰͳڲϣŷҰһȭɱ˹
ħͷȻһʥ


723 նʥ
úãҰЦһʮƤ֣ȭͷųһâǸħʥصĺȥ
䣡
һƴĺʥݣ񱩵ϯ˷һѷԶжƮҡ
ǸħһʥҰҲﵽ˴ʥ磬ҷҰϵʮ⼸ĲѹѾһʥ֮Ľֿɲһܹ֧ŵסġ
ԶǸħʥοɽħ˫ĿͬѪ£ֱĶŷҰȻҰѹĪʥǾԭСˣҵĵҰҵҪǷͬǰǿ
ɱҾҪնʥҰһͷڷ޷裬͸һۻİԵϢֳһƬ
һϢΧŷҰתһԻǵʹҰ̫Щ֮˴˽֯ϢܹΪҰ䲻
Ұ˳ִӱһŵ׹񴸣渡һȦһȦص͸һļµİԵ񱩣մ
ȻģմĲطŶ֮ҿˣĪʥЦһڳһлΪһս꣬ɢſֲħӭմɱ˹ȥ
䣡
ƿգصغǱɫս棬һ춯صĺ
ҰģմѾ߱մ˺ֽһ㣬ĪʥǱɫս˿
մԸӰԾƣĪʥٴκɱ˹ȥ
Īʥһܵһӵǧ۳һɣݺݵسƿմ
䣡
һ޴󣬷ҰմȻըΪһʧ֮УĪʥܵҲࡣ

ӵһԽ֣͸Ϣ귢Īʥ
Īʥһǧ֯Χ˸ˮйͨ
ͬʱĪʥһͬǹƵŷҰɱ˹ȥ
Ұܹӳ̫ˣΧס޷
֮£Ұֱӣ񻷣ſԼЩ˹ȥ
ĪʥܹΪʥսԲ٣ÿһ糤ߣڷҰ񻷼סʱÿһһΪٴŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ҰըһһѪЩȫǿΪƳ⣬ϸֳһصĻɫ޸Լơ
Īʥܲ͸ĹҰֱһӱ֮гһɫʮ˲
ÿһ㱦һµ磬治ʱش֮ٲȻһڤ磬ڶȫ˿ȥ
ҰҴ⣬ĬħͺһֳһһɫƬͷһ״Ķǣ͸ħϢħʥҪڡ
ħڤħеĹʮ˲ħڤħıҰóħԺ󣬶ʱоԼģʮ˲ħǿ֣ٴѹĪʥ
ڤħ˵ʮ˲ô̺ǿħֱϵʮ˲ˣĪʥɴ۾ʧ˳
ʱ򣬷Ұɲ˿ʮ˲ȫ˳
ħһָĪʥһӵħ־ͷϸֳһָ
ָԼ֮֮Уۼװ߲˸Ϻɫħ⣬͸һɱѹֱꡣ
ĪʥľƺħһָΪһ壬ħһָ͸ѹԽԽǿһϵħ̽Լָɵ
Ұǵһħһָȴûĸܹħһָĺѹ
ĪʥһʥħһָԶԶһľʥܹģ·Խ춼ͱһ
¡¡
һ춯ص촫ʮ˲ħħһָݺݵײһħһָۿɼٶȱʮ˲ħٴĪʥɱȥ
ʱʮ˲ħͷ·һ㣬͸ѹǧܣʱֳƼԸˡ
Īʥɫ䣬ϵǧɫȫӿ˳۳һ˲Լǰ
ǡ
һһĪʥϵЩٱƬ̵ʱ䣬ٵʮ˲ħǿбȥ
ʱ䣬Īʥٵˣھ뷽ҰǧԶľͣ˫ĿȻħķҰħ幦ħʶ֮жӡ˽ƣħ幦޷⴫鶼ѻõôӵУ
ȥɣҰͬºĬߵ񼼣˲䵽Īʥǰʮ˲ħٴĪʥѹȥ
ҰһֱѹŴĪʥҲ߳ŭĵշģ㻹Ϊܹӳʮ˲ļͿԵˣħʱգ
Īʥδ䣬ȫħʥһлһ޾մѷ죬Ÿִҵʱ֮
Ǹմѷ֮бһǿһӽҰʮ˲ħ˽ȥ
Ұֱоʮ˲ħԼϵ˲м޾Ĵʱա
Ұʮ˲ħҪٻȴʮ˲ħǱ޾ҵսסƵģž޴ѹ
ĪʥҲǳҰһڵħ糤ӰХȫٻʮ˲ħ
䣡
飬ʮ˲ħѷг˳Ȼȸղ࣬Ҳ죬صײĪʥı
ĪʥſħѪõʮ˲ħҲʧ
ҰϵϸƬ˸űĺ⣬ӱ֮зɳһһ޴ḥ̺̂һеѹ˵ħʥѹ˹ȥ
Ұרоḥ֮̂еЩ棬ܹӳĥ̵ҲӾ޴
ḥ̂Īʥɫ䣬˲˾ϣοٵˣԶӴ˹ȥ
·޳еڶħȫ㵲ѣһħʥԷҰʱ򣬾Ȼѡܣ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ĥں󷽽׷ᣬ׷Īʥ˺յʱ䶼ûС
ĪʥӴܣȻӦܵһΣ˼һת·
ϧˣ
ͣ
һɢϢɫâͻأĳУһҰУĪʥͷ­ն˳ȥ
֮Ĳ㾹Ȼ˷Īʥѳŵľ
ҰĮ飬ƶĪʥУηסʼ


724 Ž׷
Ұһһӵĵӡƶ֮ϣȸ𣬷Īʥ
ҰʱؽһҩͶ뵽ƶ֮Уʱƣ潥㡣
ʱ󣬷Ұƶдʮ˿ɢɱʥİ˵ƽӳɻԡ
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нʮ˿ʥȫڡ
ûãȥʮ˿ŵҩٴγڷҰǰÿһŵҩ涼ߵǹ⡣
ֵҩǷҰԼԪһʥʬΪԭϣƳĵҩﵽ˰Ʒ֮УֱΪЧȰٵҪǿ
⣬ҰõĪʥ龧ʯעһ˿֮ıĪʥղ𾪡
Īʥħһʥ龧ʯĿռ֮УھϾҲϺǲ֪
ĪʥĿأҰǷǳ⣬ƶħ;żһھʣµھ뵽Լ֮УϾһ𣬽Լ紴һ츣ء
ҰĽ·еħ߲նɱ뿪С
ҰûмŸһ֮УѰ˸Сɽ²ֽ֮󣬾ͽ뵽Լ֮С
ھ棬ҰֱӽһŸղƵԪ˳һ븹С
ҩڼҰʱоһɺ嫵Լ糤Ӱ㱼ҵĳŷҰľǣǿꡣ
ﬡ
һһܿƵԻѹƶѹƲȥÿһ貵̺ŷҰǧѹ졣
ҰתžƹȫǿŰƷԪתΪԼΪ
ʱ󣬷ҰڽƷԪȫˣ궼õ˼ľܸշ衣
Ұ˫ۣ¶һ˿Цݡ
һٶֱΪĵҩܸоֱΪĵҩΪԶԶȲԼ޵õΪ
ֻǣʱѾʥˣ˵Ļͻʥ֣߳ħڻ
뵽ˮ֮УҰҲ˲ôˣԺٻʱΪؽЩΪȫԼĲС
гҰٴɱĳ֮У¾߰˸еħ߲㣬еĳħʥҲֻǱҰɱķݶ
Ұһ¾ħڶȻѶ
Ұע뵽Ѷ֮У׾дʥΧ֧Ԯ
ҰֱðʥΧ˵һʥˣһʥҲ֧Ŷ೤ʱ䡣
˲ɱеĸ߲㣬Ұֱӽ߼˼£˲ϢʮƬ̾͸ϵ⡣
ĸ߿УŰ˾ŵϢݺȥÿһζֶ˺ѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬·ɽӱǧٿס
׾ͷһɢ׹ľŲ㱦ͷɢȾѪǼħʥɱš
ţ㣡Ұŭһٳս֮У֮ɢһĨ貵ɫâһһ׾ʥǹ˿
֮кüħʥһ𾪺˳
Ұٸ׾վһֽ̧һʢʮŲɵƿ׾죬˫ĿɨӶԷļλʥѯʵ֣ôˣս𣿡
Ұǵһϵģ׾쾹ȻܹھʥĹ£֧ôʱ䣬Ұﰵ档
׾ϵϢ˿ңȾѪΨսɣӹƿһԶĵԼУЦܾûôʹĴսˣɱħʥҲ̫⣡
Ұǵ׾Լ˵ǱŸʥΧģֶԷЩʥֻаˣѵ˵׾ھŸʥΧ»նһ
Ұʶ׾һۣĿ˲ͱ׾ͷ˸׹ľŲ㱦
һ˸žŲľŲ㱦ÿһɫͬϵΪȻϰ׺ɫλá
ÿһ㱦϶һӰ֣֯ɫ׵磬͸һɺ嫵ܣƺʱƵġ
ľŽ׷ҰѿڶĿг𾪺ͻȻ
Ž׷ģƶӵ׷֮
귽Ұ׾춯ùŽ׷ķƷû뵽ƷҲУ
ǾʥһΧᱩ¶ǸʧʥѾھŽ׷ˡ
Ž׷Ǹ˿ǰ׾ҲܹھʥΧ֧ôʱ䡣
ҰлЩƣҲۼ챮ġŽ׷⼸ֿɲûҲû˵κξŽ׷ϢӦǱ׾طӡˡ
ʥ֣Ϊܹ첻ɣΧЩħʥǿɲ׾˵ʱ䣬еĹ˿ͣ
ǧգ֯źħʥݺᣬ޾֮ʱӿȫɱŷҰ׾졣
Ұһڳһͷżһͷƶıǿ֮˲佫ǰĴƬ˳
׾ͷľŽ׷һǸӰһ㣬Ƭɫ˳ȥƺ췣һ㣬һڶ๥Ҳɨ˳ȥ
ȷǿŽ׷һЩҪǿöࡣ
ΧڶħʥȫҰĴֱʸˣ⵽ҪôĻԵܹռô
ǿڷҰУȻ͸ײƵģǸо͸Ƶġ
Ұ׾԰˴ʥܵĺƴѹŭһ
żȫ˳ɢĽҫʮأҪҰƣֱһʥɱ˹ȥ
ʥӦһǿҵΣʱɫ䣬ֳܸǧʱ֮һƬӣοٺˡ
ھż֮£Щʱ֮һöûУżԵĺһһصѹǸʥϡ
䣡
ǸħʥȻը걻ż˽ȥ
һħʥ䣡
εľżûֱ뵽Ұü֮УڷҰǵͷ
żָ˲٣ķѵھҲ޷ˡ
ҵҪǵ׻ܶüʣµ߸ʥħȫŭĶŷҰ˹ɱ
ʹսһˣ峾ǿԶٿϸֳһƬɵڤһɺسһʥɱ˹ȥǶ컯ڤ֦
ǵٶȵǿ죬Ļ̫٣Զ˲Ϣֱӽ峾µǸʥס
ͻأĳһӣֳһ͸ذף˲ʥǿħͷ­գһû뵽Ǳ͸ذ֮С


725 ʥ
峾īӰһһħʥʣµħʥȫ
ǳ˾ʥ׾죬ȴûϵŽ׷׾ϣ׾ԾŽ׷ɱһղֱҰþżһʱֱīӰĨɱһʥֻʣ
ǰһֱԼʥΪԺʱǰ⼸콾һȣǲĶһͷײһȫȥˡ
峾˵Ұ׾ٸѹҰڷ裬磬Цʣħͷһһʣµң
бĵƾʲôҪռ
ƾҷ࣡ҰĴЦ֮ȫ˳
֮ɢһ˲ǿѹƺ̺İأһɫ⣬ٳһħʥɱ˹ȥ
֮Ǹħʥ޷ѡ
ǸħʥŭһֱӼһмʥĺɫ䵶֮ǰԱ
嫵ѹõ֮һҲ˶ѣ֮ԸٶǸħʥն䡣
Ǹħʥŭлħһָ񼼣ͬʱϵǧ۳һɣͼֵס֮һ
ڴͬʱʣµħʥҲŷҰ˹Ҫֿס֮һȳǸʥ
׾һŽ׷ɫ˸ݣһͶ֮еӰɫͰɫһһħʥĹ
֮гһɫ棬ɢһɴϢһħʥסֳһľӰǻϵ컯еľ
峾һɴɫȴ̺һɺذĺѹһħʥӡ
īӰϢĳһħʥԱߣذ׻ûݳͽһħʥ˹ȥ
ҰһֳƶһоżסǸħʥ޷ǰ֧Ԯ
䣡
֮еħһָնΪһǰնڶ棬һı죬ǧնϡ
֮˿ͦݺݵնǸʥͷ­ϣǸħʥն鿪һϢǿг
Ұɲ걻֮˷ˣֱջ̧֮ƣħΪһƬ칬ѹ䣬ǸʥС
һʥ䣡
ڸղţҰһָоǾżҲȥǸʥ꣬ڵֵһʥżҲûսȥ¡
ҰԲ²⣬ʿ˵ҲǸ֮ʥ֪ܱ꣬ܲȵһھ
żҪҰҲղžżѾõ˸ʥˣҲ÷ָħˡ
ңָħ֮ص龧ʯԼģ˾żǿɾӴˡ
ʥ龧ʯĿضֵƣҰǷǳصġ
Ұħ˫ĿųеļħʥƺڿһɽƵģЦʣµ⼸ڵǿһһˡ
ʣµħʥȫε㺮ʥһ֣Ƭ֮룬Ƕû˿ս⡣
Ž׷֮;żԶһΣƶͼȴδ֣ٻܹ
ң˭֪Ұ׾Ƿܹٴζóȫ
һϼΣǼʥͶҪˡ
⼸ħʥһۣ˴˵ĿⶼŨļɵԼͬĸԵ˵ͷһŭߣ
ڷҰ˵ǿƹɱ֮£⼸ħʥҲסˣȫ⡣
ǵҰһһһħʥ֮żƶɢ嫵һƬǸħʥС
ҲʩչֶΣԼĶǿƹɱ嫵ƬõǼʥ޷˺նӡ
ЩʥҲǿبħ򡢹ħһָȫʩչ˿ǧգͬһƵġ
ˣЩʥóüʥԱʮʥԱǿ񱩵֯ɵĿռ䶼˺ѿһѷ졣
Ǽħʥϲȫմѷ˹ȥ
Ұֳ嫶أ񻷴һĨ貵̹ӭ绯Ϊǧ⼸ħʥȫסˣͬʱŭ֣
䣡
Ž׷Ӱһ֯һʥǿص˾Ž׷Уɫ׹˸ǸʥҺһûϢ
ｫͼȫ˳һħʥԱȼһ꿪ʼգնյݿǸħʥܿͱճ˷ɻңưԵƥ
峾ٴγһŰɫϵ컯еŰ١
Űڵľ棬ľֵڤ֦컯ϵ޷죬ƺһƵģɢܶȻ
峾ܸǻǧɽӰ컯һӲһħʥѹɢ
īӰΪɴ࣬񻷷סʥͷ­֫βͣеİ͸ذ׷һ˿ڹ⣬ֱǸħʥĲһĨһħͷ­˳ȥٴαǱ͸ذɡ
Ұһ֣ż֮ƶȫһħʥϣ㷽ҰûмȫܣҲǸħʥܹġ
ǸħʥһҰƶ
ˣʥȫ䣡
Ұ峾ӴЦ
ȻǵΪ𶼷ǳأܹնɱʥҲǸоǳֵˡʥħ֮УҲϡٵĴˣһô࣬ħҲ˽ˡ
ȫҷҰҪҩ̷֮󣬿ٻָΪ
նʥԾƴ½еڤҹʥˣҲʡȥǸʥˣȻָΪݴ͡
׾죬벻ĵľŽ׷Уѹǰʱصõ˲ٱɣ峾׾ͷľŽ׷еĳȺΡ
׾첢δŽ׷ֵĵĽˣα¶˾Ž׷Ժ鷳٣ܻʲôʱ򻹲һءַӣȻõϵ컯飬ոջ컯һ𣬻𾪣
׾һ˵ҲĿתƵ峾ϣһ¶˼ɫ
ͬһϵ컯鶼ܹһǿǼĳһϵ컯飬ֲ־磿
ǵĿⶼ۵ҰϣҰִʵֻҪҰº˼ĳһϵ컯ˡ
ҰЦҲɱħʥ治֪Ǳذ֮еʲôܡ
Ҳûʲôõһżڹ⣬˽ȥīӰں˵˳ȴ˾Զݡ
ҰųһĨ貵⣬쵶Ҳ˼֮⣬˿īӰеǱذף
ڴʱҰȻվĿԶڤҹʥʣˣ


726 սʥ
峾һվĿɨԶͼԶȫħ֣һɺѹңңѹƬضںѡ
ǼСһŭԶңңжѺۡ
ڤҹʥʵ˻ûͻ嫵֮ŷҰ˼ѹ˹
ҰһΣٴγ֣Ϣչڤҹʥ֮Ҳκεǡ
ڤҹʥʵӰ˲ǰǸĸߴħ壬͸һ۰µƣվУ綼ѹƵġ
ɱ
ڤҹʥʸӦʥȫڴ˴䣬бѪһƬŭһųǰķҰɱ˹ȥ
ǰǵǷҰķյ֮
ʥʣҰɲ˿أһʱͽ֮ȫ˳֮һ˲ĺܣݺݵնڤҹʥʡ
ڤҹʥȭͷϸֳÿһ̺ƶʥϵİҪǿܵ˷Ұе֮档
䣡
һƴĺ촫һȫݱ·ɽӶѿѷ졣
ѪǣƬ½ᱻֹ
Ұǵ֮еȫľȻɢڰУ֮Ĺ⻪Ҳû뵽˷Ұĵ֮С
Ұ棬ĿȻǸڤҹʥվУֻȭͷѿһѪڣûж̫ˡ
Ұոռ֮ȫȻڤҹʥʵһѪڣ˶еֵ𾪡
ʥߣѾǿӲĵز
׼ɱڤҹʥʣΪƾ̫ܹɱǴش
ǻǵ͹ʥߵܣڤҹʥƴ½ǼҪ
ڤҹʥֱϵħѪɫԷˣɱȻĵǼСӣΪƾżܹΪΪˣµľʥǳɹŭңһߵ
ڤҹʥŭٴ˳ħ֮ʱͿռȫңϢػ£ƺҲܵ˼Ӱ졣
ˣ
Ž׷ųŲ⣬ÿһ֮鶼һ𸴻ƵģʹþŽ׷һɿɺĸ
Ž׷ģ̺ѹ󣬴ʱȫƬƬ˺ѣع򳹵׿񱩣ɽӱ齹һƬĩվ
žŽ׷ڤҹʥʵҲһգһ̱񴸳УžŽ׷صغȥ
Ҳһ߼ʥյײҲᵱ
䣡
һ춯صĺ綼һֲȵļ󣬾ҡõƴ½ϵڶȫ̻̲ѡ
һ׾˲˥Ž׷ϵĹ⻪Ҳ٣ͷţܹԱ
ڤҹʥʣ˵ѺۣҲѳѪڣˣʱԻָ
ڤҹʥ͸ѹļ£ѹմѡ
ǽ⼸ȫֻ˰ˣΪۣЩδϣȫɱҲֵˣڤҹʥʷЦ
Ұ˵ɫȫޱȣʥߵǿԶԶǵǴʱѾоεļƻ̫ðˡ
©ҪΪɱʥ̫ˣ˸ʥļ
Σ£ҲûκλܹӴˣӳȥҲֻᱻƣֻܱˮһս
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ϢĻᣡɱһľײڤҹʥʣͬʱͼ˳ǧ汬
ͼķǴڶ⣬ֻҪȫӲͼȼգڤҹʥҲ⡣
һӿڤҹʥŭħһƤӿӲͼƳ⡣
峾컯ȫ˳ȥ컯һܳɱߣسѹڤҹʥҲ΢΢ҡΣܵӰ졣
īӰ΢ֵк֣ƺ˺ɫ㣬֮͸һɱ⣬ȴڽ𻨳ˡ
컯Զڤҹʥ̫Ӱ죬ڤҹʥҪ컯飬ҲǾܵ顣
Ψ飬ܹ컯
Ұһżȫ˳ҫ۵ĽƬ½֮зǵ㣬ǿƵڤҹʥѹ˹ȥ
䣡
ڤҹʥʻӶеĴӣżײһ𣬷һĺѣݣʱҡ
ҰǵըżҲû뵽ü֮С
ڤҹʥеĴҲ֧Ųסһӱ鿪ڤҹʥʿҲ³ƬħѪ
ļȫһڤҹʥʵΪ컯ʱҲܵˡ
ϧҰѾһûˡħƶȫ״̬ԸʥջԸʥʵĻܹ𵽵ʵޡ
ʱ򣬷ҰҲ˲ôˣֱֽƶ˳ȥ
ƶɢһɺƶƺȫˣȸ裬׹ػӿɽΣɽӨ
֮õʲôʸҸԣڤҹʥŭһȭͷʵʵһƬ嫴֮صĺƶ
䣡
֮𣬱δָȫٴα鿪ҷڤҹʥըѪڣѽǧϢ΢Щɢҡ
ƶ⻪ٴû뷽ҰڣҰԥֽħ˳ȥ
ħڤҹʥʾһĨŨļɵ
䣡
ħڤҹʥʵȭͷݺײһɢһɺ嫵ѹٰڤҹʥ֮ˡ
˫Ƭ̣ħٴεɶأû뵽˷Ұڡ
ħҲ״̬޷κεңڤҹʥЦȾħѪħƬƬը͸ѹǿ
ﬣ
ҫأҫ񽣵ĽҲ˳ȥһɷϢֱϮڤҹʥʡ
ڤҹʥʻӶȭһȭҫ񽣻˳ȥֱٴζһѪڡ
ôһ֣޷κεڤҹʥʣõ׾졢˵鶼ǳء
Ⲣ˵ڤҹʥ̫ǿҲ̫Ǹڤҹʥ֮Ϊ̫ˡ
Ƕʥʾ磬ֳĻֻһ˾Խڤҹʥնɱ
ʱҲֻˡ
ڤҹʥϢɢңȴЦôˣ׻ʲôֶΣȫóɣ
ҡһʵڰУһŰɫԲ̳ڰУݺύ֯飬˸һһϵķģһĪ֮
󳾴̵ˣ


727 Υ
ɱƴ½֮Уǳ߰ʥ׷ɱƴ½еħȫͨʱҲ˹
󳾰ѩ㣬峺ޱȵĿŶ⣬̸ͷ
һоӵ־̻һƵģָ뼤һŰɫ⣬һɺ񺣰ֱ֮Ϯڤҹʥʡ
٣ڤҹʥˣӶԼȭͷݺݵĺǵ֮档
װĺ𣬿񱩵˺ѿһĿռѷ죬˿񱩵Ϣ
ȵɢе¶ǰڤҹʥըѪڣĺɫħѪѹĴֹħ졣
ڤҹʥſЦҲˣǹôãҲûҹˣħ
ڤҹʥʵĻ£ħѪŷħ֯ΪһͷɸߵħͷأϳصϢ
صħһŷҰһĻȥ
ֻĳħ뵽ֻ֮УȫʧֻʣֻյĴ֡
죬沼һƬƬϸܵɫƬɢҿ񱩵ǧĻء
ڤҹʥܵ˷ǳصˣһҲŸħعƺΪ֮ı䣬֮ӿ
Ұȫ컯˳Ȼûмܣ֯һƬҲž춯صܡ
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Ұ֣ſסһÿ˶ùǶϽۣһ񼼡
ʼϣҲֻһȺǿһϣվϣڤҹʥʴЦ
󳾲ȥѪƽĵҲ̫㻹ΪղѾȫˣ
죬ų񻪣ʵĵǧΪ޴ڵˣҵٻ̣Υ
͸һ˵֮ű޾֮ͷ̻˹ȥϵСȫųҫ۵⣬ǴԶŴԽʱն
̵ָϼһɫֱӡڤҹʥʵϣϢ޴ӵ
ѵҵעУʥߣǧ࣬ŲҲʣİڤҹʥʷƺҪƵġ
Ұһ˶ķǳĹ죬ڤҹʥӵǿս㷽Ұÿ˶ٴμһ֮ҲԽɱ
ǣʱǰڤҹʥȴڱƵģȫſƵģϵħȫվԶŭ
ɫ԰ףһӶǧҲЩԲ
ˣ˰ɡ󳾵ƽû˿ϲԵƵġ
󳾵Ļ£ٴָϼһŰɫâֱϮڤҹʥʵüġ
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󳾵Ĺ÷ҰһëȻĸоԳ棬͵»˭ֵܵ
ħڷҰԺ𣺡Υ֮µһ񼼣ԪΪۣڶ˵ӣöΪԼˣע飬߽־ֻҪ־㹻ǿҲˣΥҲֻ޹ˣûеô޵С
Ұͷа𾪣ܹΪ񼼵似ÿһֶ䲻֮ΥȱݣҲܹɱˡ
ħֵΥҪʩߵΪߵ͡ĵԪ١ԺַʽʩչȵȡԴʥΪʩչĵǧԪ̼񼼵ܼܷӳǿʥҲܹסһʱ̣㹻նɱˡ
ҰĿڤҹʥϣмŰɫâѾڤҹʥǰۼڤҹʥʾҪâ֮¡
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ʮ˲ħ֮£ͻأڰУЦǼҲ̫ˣҪ¾ħǻҪҴ𲻴Ӧ
󳾵ɫٴαò԰ף峺Ŀжһ˿ټĵȫɱڤҹʥʣһ֧
ԣҰ׾ͻƴȫԼٴȫ˳
֮ɢտɣŽ׷ϵľӰ붯ͼзȫڤҹʥк˹ȥ
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䣡
ϢڤϢ໥ѹ˺ѿһһ޴Ŀռѷ졣
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ȫգǿǿƴ½Ͽն˺ѿһմѷ죬Ƭ·綼ҪƵġ
ս·ȫ޵ԨǳؽٸСΪޣһ˿
յȫ޷ڤҹʥʡ
ۼϢʱҪˣײϢ˶ԸӦʱҰݺݵҧҧĬߵ񼼣˲䵽ڤҹʥǰ
ڤҹʥʵʶ֮֮Уֻȴˡ
ҡȻ޷ӦеľҲܹӦҰ嵽ڤҹʥʵǰҿжȻһǳŹֵĵȣ
ڤҹʥʵ˫Ŀ˲ָȻͼ߿鰵ɫΧ£ԼߣޱȵĽ˳ԭǵ񡭡
ڤҹʥʸոպ֣ȻֹȻɢؼ䣬궼ûгʧĸɸɾ
߿ٴû뵽ҰڣƺûֹƵģؼ˿ûǵκϢ
˶оڤҹʥʵϢȫʧˣҡʧɫ׾졢ɫϲ
Ҳ΢΢˿ΥڤҹʥûԼУ˷ҰУվˡ
յһ嫵Ĵţ˵ӰٴγڰС
㾹Ȼɱڤҹʥʣŭӡ
ͷɫƮ˸űɱͭ¯ɭȻǶˣΪҲĵĲ˰ɣǾȫɣ


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ڤҹʥʵûҲĵҪҰһڴ˴ٴνͭ¯˳
еͭ¯ٱȼ棬ź嫵ֻ֮صҰһƬضڣǿͭ¯
Ǳͭ¯֮УϵȻκˣȴȻᱻ
Ұ󳾡׾ͻﶼѾΣٶõĻͼпܻᱻˡ
ȫյĨɱʥīӰ峾컯飬Ҳѵ֮
Σ£Ұ˸һ貵Ļɫƣ񼼴߷˼£޸ΪҲڿٻָš
ͬʱҰֳһƬأֽٻ˳ڣ嫵ÿһѪ⡣
Ұټ֮Ѥõտɫأɢ˲ĺϢһͭ¯ǹֻصжϣҰߵɢ˿
ǻܵסΣʮ˲հɣһеʮ˲ħ˳ȥ
֮쳹أʮ˲ħеÿһ㶼ΪһƬĴ磬嫵ڤ֮ҪҰһ˷ֶѹ
ҰҪ֣Ц鲻һ˶
ҰͼڸֳһӲӵ֮ȴǻϵ컯еĽ𻨣ڵ޸ٴμͼ
ͼɱΪ޴ʮ˲֮ел궼ԳܵĲҺţʮ˲һζѣ˻ȥ
䣡
մֵˣƬ类飬þ޷ֺϣƺ˺Ƶġ
Ұִ֣͸оһִֻԼϣ׾ˬʵθˣ
׾˸⣬׵֮гһɻ𾡴֮ڱѾήҵϢ׳ٴνŽ׷˳ȥ
Ž׷ϵľӰȫÿӰӵ־ɫǵصĳմӭ˹ȥ
һ׷ıһ񴸣ǿԵ֣һ¹νǿǿ
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ָ֮£һһ㣬ɽӱ飬ȾѪ
Ұһ˶ľŭӣѾ嵽ɸ߿գɶƴ½Ӱ켫ǧ鶼ײС
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ħ̫ǿΨ޾Ѫܹһ˿ϣֻΪū
ҺҲȴûжԷҰ̫𣬼ҲطδãʱҲټսȥˡ
ȫܣסˣҷҰһ˻ӣѾûû˸ղŵǹɱɱ֮ģһɫޱȡ
ǧԪƽٴԵ쳣ƺֱ˵
ȫˣߣɫ䣬ŭһеͭ¯˺ѿգԶˡ
󳾿гֵʱ򣬻Ҳ˲˺գͷҲصԶȥˣһ䳡滰Ҷ˵ˡ
ǧԪѲ⣬ڤҹʥʶˣǿɲԷοΪ߰˳ɵ£һӴܡ
סڲԣҰ˶ЦҰ˴Ĵָ޵ֻ仰С
ɫЩ԰ףһɳ׵ķɣЦʵֻ˵˵Ҫ˷ǧԪһ治á
ʥԪ߰ǧ꣬˷̫Ļ벹Ǿ̫ˡ򲻵ѵʱ󳾻治öá
ҰҲ֪һֵĻ󳾾ԻٴǧԪԸǵġ
𻨳ڻϣҲ÷Ұ˶Щȣ˵Ҳġ
·ĿĴأһ˶̾˿鶼ǳء
峾ڤ֦ľŰһ˳ȥһɺس·ѿĴѷһ¡нֺϡ
֮峾컯ȫ𣬶ͷѾ΢΢пĵȻԭĵѾ˺ܴı䣬Ҳܺùǧ֣ҲֻЩˡ
׾ΪأľŽ׷ӵ֮ǿԣƴ½Щ飬вٶǱĹġ
Ĭã׾쳤̾ƴ½ħ߲ϱˣʣԪ½еħҲࡣдսǣڶ޹飬ҪȥŹսħˣʹ˱ɡ
ħ֣Ľȴʱ̫ڽ黳ħū޾£ǲòսΪδҰ׾ıӰ˳
׾ͣ£˵ͷųص齥нԶ
ҰͻҲɫӣȻɱڤҹʥʺʥҲǧҲû̫ϲá
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ҰֶһʢʥƿЦŰɣ֪Ҳȱⶫ
лˡ󳾽ӹʥһ˿ɫҲû̫飬л͸ȥ
ʲô㣿ҰĿīӰϡ
īӰ׼ȥԪ½һЩħ棬ذҪһֻܿϵɱ¾С
ͷҰõ˼֮⣬ĽҲ׼ȥǿԵȥȼŻĴĿ˸ŻȵĹ󣬶ԼЩ롣
ʲô㣿īӰŷҰ峾ѯ˳
ҰҴ㷵ص½бչһʱ䣬ܵʵӦĴ١ȵ֮󣬻һȥŹһˡ
峾Ц˪裬ܵš˵ܵ˿ţҾ½֮ˡ
ϲϲҰ˶΢΢£Ц峾ء
Ӳһѳ˹ȥЦ͵⵱󲮵ǰˡ
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Ұһ߸ƿУЦ鲹쵤͸СһɣͿԸȤˡ
īӰͳһܣܹһ١
峾ӹ֮󣬳ֿҰ˵лԵһϯ顣
ٳ嵭еǹɳأ̸˼䣬ʹ˷ֱ


729 ʮص
ҰػɽңСڡͷѩûлҰֱӽ뵽˻ɽµǸСУٴαչء
ҰߵӡˣѾȸӡӡ׻ӡߵӡӡӡֵӡȫִ֮ʱת
ҰԼ뵽ħӡ֮УŽʵеĴ뵽ħӡ֮С
㻨˰ʱ䣬Ұڽ뵽ħӡ֮УʱħӡóѾһ˿񼼵ĳΣ·ܹƵġ
ҰŻϧȴ޷һ񼼣Ҫ뻯Ѷȱǰ治֪˶ٱ
ҰɫеڶﵽݵҩĶռռڶҩһȫƳ˵ҩ
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ЩҩǶһϾ»нӽʮϾ÷ҰеһѣθС
ʮϾһЩ˵Ҳû취һó
ȻǷҰĵ˾ɫд󲿷ҩĵԵʣ˾ɫ裬Ŀ֧һ
ҰҲưƷʥϧƲʧΡЩʧܣҰоԼܹٽһܹɱ䣬Ϊһ񼼣
ڶ൤ҩҰûмڳأƴ½նɱļħʥʥߵ龧ʯõھʮϾ߰ǧνǴա
ҰֳھżֳھƶֳַھħʣµھȫԼУںھ֮
֮󣬷ҰأĵھǧϾڵҲӵ˾ŰΪɲ⡣
ӵϾ綼һƬʥأ˴򣬳ŸԵĵϡ
ڷҰеʱ綼ںƵģÿһκкӿ֮ϴǿʡ
ҰոճأѩЦӭϸأ
ҰѩСڶڣ¶һ˿ЦݣȤѩƯˣʲôʱ˰
ѩһЦЦ⵱Ķû飬Ҽʲô
ϴαչջΣСŷҰЦѯʡ
ҰЦҲʥ绹һЩǺʱģħûʲô쳣ٶ
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ҰͷԴϴڤҹʥʣƲħӦû࣬û̫ľȡ
Сڲ֮Իڤҹʥʵ֮⣬·Źɱ̫йأ⼸ħ˵ʥߺʹʥнǧ֮࣬ħʱҲ˼ˡ
Ұ˲뵽նɱڤҹʥʵʱֻħ˾Ԯ󲿷ħǿ߶ӦǸŹȥˡ
ҰһȻѯʵЩħħûг𣿡
С΢΢£ħħһҲûг֣ħħһƷҲֻΣҲȷЩŹ֡
ԴǲΪǼħӡʱ̫ڻԶԶδָ
Ұҡͷüͷ壬ɻĵڤħȪħħͷȷǱӡ˺ܳʱ䣬̫ħȴһֱ۷״̬ûܵκηӡս˲ңΪ̫ħҲûв֣
ѩ²ѵ˵ЩħмڶеЩʥʥʳ𣿡
С˵ҵǾãǻʥʥʵΪҪǽװ벽ʱɱ
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ѵ˵ЩħħڵȺ콾족֮
Ұüͷ֮޷Щħħôģ֪Ϊʲôܾħħûеô򵥣ħħòһıɣ
Сʼ磬Σٸȡ˸ķչʱ䡣ħȻҲΨʵܹ֮취Ըˡ
ҰҲ벻ȻСԣܹģԼʵпܽӴǸεܡ
ڶһʥΪ֮жһǿҪħеļһȽϣǾ͸СƵģûʸֲֵΡ
ôˣʲô㣿Ұѯʡ
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ѩЦ۾״Ҳ֪ҰȱϾûн顣
ҰĿתƵСϣС¶һ˿񣬰ȻϴҿвסŹصĴս쳣ңѾɱ뵽ʮĹأҵؾҪһ׼ɱħ
ŹأÿһضͨǼʴʹⷽҰ֪ˣСɱʮĹأٴνʱֱӽ뵽ʮĹˡ
ҰͷСڵļ򣬵ЦҲ̤ŹȥһҵҪӵʮһؿʼҪ˶ãҾͻȥġħ壬ԼҪСģ
ϴѩҪչأҸһȥ·ʮأҶûʲôӰ죬ȥһؾȥһأԸµվ˳
СƲˣ·ĵʮﶼ֪㻹ȥһؾȥһأ
У֪ƨһۣһĵ⡣
Ұɫ΢飬֪ʮ
¶һ˿ɵɫͷֻʸӦʮŹغ󷽼ңԶĵطħĺĵطвħӦöݷھλãΨеʮŹزܹӦõ
·ʮأΪδӲԻ䣿òʮظͽȥɣСڵĻɻ
Ұ¶һ˿˼ɫ˵ϣʮ֮Сô˵ȥʮأֻǣӦûЩѶȡ
СڿŻ飬ߵȷܽȥ
ܽȥܽȥҪһ̬ȥҲҪȵʮزС
ȻˣھͶɡСڵѾսˡ
ѩС죬ߵǶȥŹˣʣԼڼҲȥŹء
ҰЦѩҲȫڼػǲźðǰħ֮ȥսУС껻ûгأҲҪ㿴š
ѩͷûҪǰŹء
Ұ´ҩҺȱͻ顢Сһ𣬸һ뿪˻ɽ콾ٴ̤뵽·ϡ


730 
ҰС콾ֿĿС뿪֮󣬴Żһ̤뵽콾ſڵĴʹ֮С
վڴʹУŽģ콾ɽţҰһ˿ɻ콾ɽŵںη
뵽صԣ콾ɽŲ֮УǴһƬʱ֮У鶼Ѱ޵Уȴ˵еĽ֮жҪȫЩ档
ħȻ𣺡콾ɽţʵھ֮С
Ұ΢𣬾Ȼھ֮УҲѹְظ˵Ҳҵˡ
ҲƲʲôܹħ飬Ҳ֮С
Ұͻٴγֵʱ򣬳һɰ׹̾͵·ϣ·ɰ׹ĹУһɺ嫶ҵϢ
Щݹǣսħǿ̺ǵĵǵķǵı
·Ψеʿܹ̤ħҲ޷·
·ʵ֮䣬ħҲ·
ħǿн˴ͻ˲䱻·޾ִ꣬ħ¶Ӧ
ڰ׹ǰУҰоƺڸڶʥһ𲢼սƵģĸǵִͱˣоڵ߿Ƕ΢΢£ϸӦȴʧˡ
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ܹʸ̤Źصģٶʥ߾ǿߣÿһһǿսܳ·ڶҲЩʥ
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ʮһ֮УʿǱǰжܹ࣬ﵽʥ߾ģھ˵Ͼ
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׾ͻ˵ϢҲڣ֪նɱħˣǽ뵽ȥˡ
Ұûм飬ֱڳ˸¥ԳϻʣµļǧöƷͰƷҩ
Ұ۵ҩӸճûãص˶֪ϢһѷĳŷҰ޵¥˹
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ͣʥ߾磬ξרͻƵʥʥġ
ԷҰΪҲ˵ۼ֮ʤ̾ĹֵʦĳԣⲻˣϣʦҪϡ
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֪ܸģĪɣұҲûзϣԸħ壬ǵһҪ¡ȻҩҲͳһг۸һŵҩﻻȡҲġҰЦŻӦ
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Ұ̾Ϣһְ͸һʥĵʣһʥͻƵʥ磬ʥģô˵Ҳʶһ
æҾлĸȥɲ˵ҪΨַҰջȥˡ
ȵҰҪ۵Щҩϣֵõ˽ٸƷǵҩĲϣƷʥƷɵĲϸ࣬õϾνǴˡ
ڳ۵ҩʱУҰǴ·ϵĲ顣
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ıбħͲɱܵ˷ǳصƣѾڲ֪طչذˣδء
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ҰһĨɱɱȴˣ˵ʲôҲٷŹ
Ұͻʰ£ֱƬ˹ȥ


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ڤħǧ˸ָϢѹ֡䡢ݼšưܵȸϢ֯ϢֱӰ˵꣬ŴСһħ
˴Ѿħĵ̣ʮһ֮н˵صĴʹ͵ģҲǷֹħĳط
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ͬеĸ޳ǶƵģЩħҲŴػֹеĸ콾ڴ˴ɱ¾
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Ұ΢ڵĹ·˲ת䣬ħĹ·ߡ
ʱҰоһɱ嫵Լӿ˹ԼΪ
ڷҰĿ£ҰϲûٴθֳϸܵɫƬͷҲûٴħǣֻٶȴ˿١
Ұ΢΢е𾪣ոյȫǸ䡢顢ݰܡȵȣħת֮£ȫתԼΪûио˿ʡ
ҰΪħ峣ֹϢ£ǱȻܵӰ졣ʱеΪ֪ͬħ⣬ħĹ⣬Լ
Ұп棬ܹ֮УȫʺԼﾡ
ҡͷԵĵϴ˵û뵽˻ͼǼרģڼǺ
Ұףп飬벻㻹˵ôĻ
ǣһĵ⣬ֵϴϴˣǼһɾĺܣϴδν
ǽ֪Ƭгֹȴ֪λںη
ҰЦ˸ߵϮɱʥΪѾҪﵽʥˣΪħʮ֮һȻаֱսֻҪƬ֮УӦòܶġ
⵹ǣħͷİȡ֮ΪȻĵ˵ͷ
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еļһ֪ˣȫϧǸûѵĿܡ
˵ħѾɣ˸˵Ȩؽ֮أ
˿ܹȼĿ֮ħеС󵨸ҳԲѷ˱ضնɱ

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ңңԭһħĴ
Ұ¶һ˿΢ЦңԶͼһħԶٶգڶǳڵû˿⻪й
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ҲȥҰԾ󻼡
Ұһûȥ㣬㾹ȻˣҾ𣡡а쿡ʵ¶һ˿Ц˫ͬ׵УһϮϲϵıһ棬͸һۻħԡ
Ұü˸һĨɫĹ⻪͸˿ߴϱ뿪ҡͷãϴˣôû㻹ûʲôǰõʽֻͽЦˡ
ոʱ򣬾ڷҰܲһٿ˿ߣҪҰӷҰǣһʱͱҰƳȥ
ҵĻħɱѾɣڸ˵ľһõķɱ㣬練ƣ㲻õֿˡϹЦݣƺһħƵģ̲סС
Ұɱ֣дǰƺյѹ˹ȥ
ֻҪжͻȻ֣ʤѷ֣ħɱ֮Իãһִ̧һƬħơ
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ҰΧȫıˣҲûǿգҲӦֳеĸϢ˶һϤϵĳ֮С
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Ұļ˹ʥڵһϿվĿеڶʿֽ׵ĳ棬Ų˱Ƕֽﲻ
ҰܹӦϵ£ǵһһӦķǳ÷Ұ̲סɣԼǲֻص˵һ֮С
Ұ쳣ļͣܵʵûκ𣬵ȴܹ϶ǻ
ҰǹһĨЦ⣬ȭƺ綼ȭͷУǰĵһǿĺ˹ȥ
һƵĺ𣬵һصĻѾͬӰƵʧӰ٣Ұٴγߡ
ϵЦ˿̾һʱͲþ֮УľҲЩŵ
ҰĮĵóɣڻøϻӰ첻ҡ
𣿻ħɱ֮ǧ򻯣ааЦЦһһģĻˡ
գۼ䣬ǿȫӰÿӰжһɫħǹŷҰɱ˹
ҰɣҵĻħɱѾɣ֮ѾΪһƬ磬ҲûκӰ졣ЩҵҲҵĻ޷ҳҵı壡ſĴЦ˷γһ˳ŷҰΧɱ˹
Һҳı壿Щһɱ˱ǣҰĮһЦиֳһɫˢһ³ʡ
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ǵɫȻըԲǿе֮Ƭǿնɫ׵֮УǵصŷҰΧɱ˹ȥ
һ˲䣬ǿеӰԱǱĳǿУ𾪵ŷҰĵף㾹ȻҲף
ҰĮĵҲϻ
Ұһֱ֮ǰģǸ


732 Ա
ǱӰʧһӰٴγڰУɣڸղŵ֮вûܵʲô̫Ӱ졣
Ұ¶һ˿ڽЦݣĮĵã㲻¶Ի֮ʱɥ֮ʱ
벻ĵҵĹڻþαԻ壿ƾ㷽ҰûʸԻ
㻹ΪҲı壿ҰЦһԴ߶ƶܿ죬ƶеĻ͸˻Ӧ˷Ұȷλá
Ұ⣬˲ڻָǸطȭͷϵƤ¸ֳһӰһǿԵݺݵĳǸط˹ȥ
䣡
ձɺڶɢſֲӰڷҰȭͷ֮ǰͿֶ㿪˷ҰǰԵһȴҲһѪڡ
ԶŷҰŵĵôҳұģ
ҰЦôոմ֮ʱʱȴѱ˻ҰȻ޷һӿıںηҲܸӦⲢı塣
״̬Щ⣬κδӰ첻κö۾ҳλãҲҪʱ䣬һӾܹҵ
Ƭ֮䣬ٴҳı壬λø˷ҰҰĬߵ񼼣˲ǸλǰٴγǸ˹ȥ
ձ֮ʱҲٴʧȥǿһ뱾һģһĻӰԼ档
շģ㵹ǻе£ҵҪʹ汾ˣħɱ֮ǧħңңŷҰȣֳһħӰƻã֮ߣա
һ˲䣬ħӰѾʧӰ٣ҰȻħͻأĳԼʶУ˲ըΪİƴСħڷҰʶзŰ
ҰʶɫΣϯ죬ҰͬһսƵģʶ֮һ
Ұ˫ɭӦֶʶŰǧħȫ£ڣ֮ȼգЩħĸɸɾ
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Ұ˫ĿɨǿգĮĵãӰ첻ҵ꣬վɥ֮ʱ
һɺ嫵ɱƬգɭȻĵҰȻҾͳȫ㣡ħɱ֮ã
иֳһ罫ҰУгһҰϤӰĸ˫ףѩܷܷҵֵܽã顢СڡϤֵܣ콾ʦֵܣȵȡ
ֻҪǷҰбȽ׽ʱȫڰС
ԻѸղԻĵһеڶʿͬԻѸҰĸо̫ʵˣҰЩϸܵһϤĸо
ЩĻʵҲ޷񣡴˴ҹǰڤħ򣬲˭ֻ֣ǵˣɱ󣡡ҰȣȭͷųһһâǰĴ磬Ѫ˷Щ˶鿪
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ȻѾ֪Ұ²ȥ֡
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ڷľҰ΢ϳ˸ղһľǷϵ컯еĺڷľ
ڷľȻƶҲܹƶһ£ı£ֻҪһ˲䣬ȥˡ
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𣿺ֱһһĮ𣬵Ұиֶе֮ųһĨ˲ɫ⣬ݺݵնһС
ڸղŷҰʱ򣬻ѾһõĹţϢĸϣл־Ұصķλ֪һ
ӰӰ˳ٴνڷľ˳ͬʱڷľΧֳһƬɫƵҶӣһɫƣҶƬóǧ
Ұ΢΢£ϳǷϵ컯еҶ
˵ҲϾȻӵַϵ컯顣
Ҫ컯סֱǳ룡Ұȣе֮ɢ嫵ݺݵĳó컯ɱ˹ȥ
Ұ˱ɱ֮ģֱӽ֮ȫܼ˳ϧĴΪҲҪնɱ
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⻹ǷҰһμ컯ԱƿǻأԲǿȫһƬޣ֪жħԱ֮С
㷽Ұ֮ȫ˳ҲԱ֮ˣ˲ϢԶ
ҰһĬߵ񼼣ߵķ׷ɱ˹ȥ
л׺ҰǲĻ׷
գҪնɱ


733 챮
컯Ա򾡻ޣȥħ岻֪
ֻص֮£ȫͬһ㣬ֻһЩңԶʥϵĴڲܹҴ
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컯飬֮Ҳֻʮ֣еĹԴ۶ɡبŲ䣬Щ컯٣ҲȻ۳
ҶԱ֮֮ڣǲٴԻˣҪԻȻҪ޾Զ²С
һĴʥҪ컯ԱûпܣһЩʥԽ컯Ա
Ϊͨ죬ܹҶԱɢȫһҪǿȷ𾪡
һ컯ԱҰҲ˿壬УΪӡϴˣһֱ÷Ұн٣ξԲᷢͬ顣
ҰһĬߵ񼼣˲Ϣ͵ǰ
Ұֽ̧ƶ˳˲һ񶦴磬ſڣֱӺǰ
ͻأļҰּ֣Ұƶʧɫڶ֪Ұܹҵõģڰл˸ߣٳһ˹ȥ
˾Ͳˣ飬֣Ұңңȣûмȥ׷ϡ
Ȼоһɺ嫵ɫԼڣ͸Ӧһɾ޴Ľƶ˹ȥ
ʱˣֹסŭҪڷľҲԱϧȴѾ޷ˣҪҲ

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Ұʹ͸оǿԶٸ˹⼸ϢʥϢһϢǸʥߣ
Ǳ⼸ħҰеЩ鷳ҰƵӡסԼϢתߵ񼼣˲ʧߡ
ţҰڹȻıħһƬƬϸܵɫƬͷϳһ״Ķǣ˸˼Σ뵽һƬħ֮С
Ұѡ˸ͣȥ²ƣ뵽Լ֮Уƶٴμ˳ȸȼе
ҳȥҷĲκ鷳ȻƶԱڷľԼδȫָƶҲ³ŭƶдܻ
Ұϴķ˿ͣĮĵԱڷľڽƶ֮ǰԱˡȻѾ뵽ƶ֮УͲųȥˣ
ƶײƶײĺѣҲֻƶһˣûκοܴ
ƶĴڣͻ챮ƶڲ״̬ҲԶʥԴġ
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ĵҰΣңұ֤Ѷܹδ٣
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˵˵˵ʹŽɣܣ̽ҰɲΪȸȼգꡣ
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ڶλĻ챮ΪѹĿռȶʼΪѹѹ˲йѹס˲ֹ˳ħ壡
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һƬе飬ֳͬһ㣡
ɱе飬Ӷħħ֮ΪΪħ֣ˣڵ죡ǵΪˣӶǵã
Ҫ˶ãǾͻᱻ֮У컯أһӣ
һϢд÷Ұ֮ҲƣҰֱģԺиֳ챮Ϣ
س֮ʱһԭʯһΪţΪ챮Ͽؼ飬ѹˡ
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Ұ뵽Լ챮һĻ챮ޱ嫺Ρ룬ۻԵ
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ҽŴʼʼ棬ǵҲ޷κεʼˣʼǸ˵˿ԴƣɱңǾ͵ɣȫøᣡ
˵ƵģҰޱȣзٱ䣬ҵĽԽԽСʧӰ٣ױҰĸɸɾ
һ콾վˣڷľ뵽˷ҰС
ҰΪأ챮еĵڶλƶڻ챮֮بδ˻鶼С
Ծ챮ΪΣδƣǸ˵еħʼ棬ǸʲôĴڣ
˵ģ𣿡Ұصѯʳ
ħ֪Ұ̾˿ģħʼȷǺܿ£ΪӦѾԽ飬Ҳûһ˿սʤ
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ֻҪһ˿ܣͻϣ
ڵʵӴЩΪʱ磬ȵΪ㹻ˣ֪ġҪģʵħһ䣬ٴγĬȥ
ҰսڣΪδȻǰǧգҲֻһǰǰ


734 ʥ
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ھаϾǧ϶ѻɽһӵľа𣬵Ҳ֮ϲ
ҰھֱָħżƶʣµĶ뵽Լ֮С
Ǿа𣬷Ұ΢ĬħֳһƬƬϸܵɫƬͷҲһǡ
аħ֮еϻ棬ħ޵Ѹ֮ŻἫ߾ꡣ
Ұֱ뵽˾а֮Уħ֮󣬶ʱо˿˿Ƶľаۼ׷϶ڡ
аŷҰõ÷Ұٴǿšа˳ŷҰľüͨϻ˹ȥܿ뵽˷Ұʶ֮С
Ұʱо֮ͬƵģһǿҵʹдƺҪ˺Ƶģַ·ǧԼ尾Ŀ̣Ұż͵־֧š
Ψһ÷Ұеοǣ֮Ҳڻǿţ財
ھа֮ж꣬ÿһʱÿһ̶֮Ƶģּµʹ֮УҰԽԽǿ
һ֮󣬷ҰһӵľаȫĴ궼ͼͳ̶ȶԣѾһĳʥҪǿ̫ˣֱ׷мʥ
ҰǱȽġ
߳ҰûȥƬŵĪħƣɢһħƬħڵдҡڵǰС
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ҰЩħ಻ȤֻҪħ壬Ҳʲô֧ȫնɱ
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Ϊ˸õͻƣҰרűչһ꣬ڵΪ˼£Ѱ˸տ˵ħ׼ͻơ
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չǵûڣȵɢȥЩħǿ߾ԻΪ˷ɻҡ


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֪Ǵ״ĹŹףǹŹ״ĴبžԶϢǿһֱƮ
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Ұ󾪣Ź֮Уܵһƥеѹ岻ܿƵĿŹףȫΪʹ˳Ҳ޷ѳ
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ҰԲסħż֮ƶ߿ȫɾƹںХתţѯ˳Ǻˣ
ʥҲʸˡǵ翵ٴδŷҰ͸оǰһ㱣ԼѾ뵽һƬ֮С
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ʱҰĳһкһȭ嫵һֳĴʥ
Ұֹס˽Ų˫ĿɨУĮĵöˣҪֵģɣ
ڹ֮ǰҰѾԤˣʮһ֮⣬»вħϾʮһǿħ֮Уħ岻ܷôȻܲʣħڰ;·ɱˡ
ŷҰȣһħӰٳڰУкüʥϢŴ˴ٸ
Ұų֣˫ĿԶգصȺǼʥ
ղŷҰһȭɱһʥҲʣµħסˣһʱ֮䲻ŷҰ֣˫뵽˽֮С
Ƭ֮󣬾ħʥ͵ˣʮ߸ħʥʮħʥߣҰڡ
ʥȷŵʱѹֲǷˡһʥ̾µŷҰ
һħʥЦеļһһȺ׹ļһΪΪʥ˲ˣħ֮Уʥɲټ
һħʥѪ촽ʥѪþûгˣһҪ˴ˣѪҺζ
ҰûиǷϻתߵ񼼣һ͵ǰǸħʥǰǱɫâ֮С
ħ˵֮ڷҰˣǷҰҰʥˣһ֣Ǹʥ˳ټһɫսһɺ嫵ʥŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ߵħʥҲɫ΢䣬ԶֶγŷҰ˹ȥһʥħһָһʥǻħҵŷҰɱ
Ұһٴ߳һֳ־żһͷƶٳʥ˹ȥ
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һĺ嫵Ŀռ䲨ѹжһŤΣΪʮһ̫ԵʣĿռ쳣ȹ̣Ȼû˺ѿռѷ졣
ԶΧ۵ڶħʥʥҲҪŷҰ֣ȴսеѹѹԿ
ħʥڶʱҲһĵĸоס˷ҰһҲоһѪڣѿ˵Ѻۡ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ֳ߾٣иֳһɫ׹⣬Į쳹Ƭ򣺡ף
ŷҰĻ£һƺƴһɫǵصӿȫڣԵĳڶħɱ˹ȥ
һĲҽ޷Ŵ׹֮£еЩħ嶼һҷ𣬾ħʥҲһѽ̿ǿк嫵˷ɻҡ
ͬʥǸҰ֮仹̫ˣʥΧҰҲֻǱɱ³
Ұڶ龧ʯӦһħʥʵϢٶԥطߡ
ոս׵ʥ磬Ըʥħ嵹ǺɣԸʥʾħ壬»в
ԶԶģҰͿΡۻأبУɢƳۺƴ
ذ⣬һɱĴػԸǳΪµģʥҲԹơ
ߺˣٱԶдһۻĳ
½ҰҰԥıԼûԼΣٵǿɱ֮⣬ûûԻеļһﲻʶ
Ұ˲ܵʥɨԼϣţǸٴ𣺡ʵ󣬽ȥɡ
ǵ£ǿɱѿһ϶Ұû˽ȥ
䣡
һ嫵Ƭնѣһħʥʳɱ֮⣬ݺݵһĻɱϣȴûдɱ
շģҹǸħʥŭһһƵĻǿɱϣǿվҡβѣȴûʲô󰭡
϶ԼQɣ㣡ҰЦŻӦһ䣬ٴظ˹ȥ
ǿУҰٴμ˰ǿɱҲʵ˺üΣŷء
ܹôϽĺ˲飬Ҳ±ħǿ߻ȥˣҪ飬ؾͻ֮ܵ֡
Ұٴν뵽ʮһ֮Уеһֻĸоʱһֱħ֮ɱٴμʿоǳС
ҰûٴԻŻ뵽һ¥֮УþƺòҪһһ߳Ժţһߴ顣
뿪ãҲҪһЩµϢźƶһļƻ


737 
¥У˵Ľ̸÷Ұ˽⵽˲ٵϢ
֣ǿƴʮأһ·֮ϣ˿֮档вǿĻ죬ȫɱ
ͼڤڤ
ʹĹʹǬ޼ս֮ʱƣ˲սڽˡ
İʮһƬħжԾ̫ħ˻ǣǶʮѹƣƱƵĶóײʹʮ򾡻ޡ
սԨڶº󣬵صڵʮ֮⣬λ콾ѾͣڴʥܾˣҪһδսͻƣʱǿǰһۡ
ֻħ˻Դֻ֮ޱ嫺λֻ̫أѩдײһΣ

һϢ뷽ҰУҰҲЩ仯
鱧žƺȾƣ֣СƨͦģûǶˡ
ҰЦ֣Զˣֳܹɾ͵Ҳʲôδĳɾ;ԲֹЩƵϾȻҲӵһЩ⡣
ħȻûʲôģ壬ĺᣬӵĲҲʲô
𣿣Ұüë΢û뵽ƾȻһģѹ·֮ϼѷ֡
ưĳϵĲȣĹҵģĵԴֻ֮ȥˣеǼһչ˺ġԨ֮սе˼ϴºһȥ
ԨҰظһ䣬Ŀ⽥ƮԶ
ҰԨ̸̫֮Ľ飬ҲֻǼѣԨϾҲ塣ңԨǴ˵ĴˣΪͷǳ֮ĴսӦûһ֮ս
ȻǹսħеЩ콾ӦҲᵽʱؽһ콾ʢᣬҰҲ
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ߵĿǸ񱮴Ӿ¥д߳ǵþ¥еĸʿƵƵעĿ
ûɣϴҪ۵ҩˣ뿴棡ƹģûɣֺ߳ȥһ仰ȴűƹԡ
ƹһ۾Ϳ˻¶Ǽ֣ʥʵ
ʥʵǸ¥ƹ񵱳˳ʱ¥е˶Ŀת˹ĿеĻȺΡ
ɵĵƹǲǲⰡ
ƹĸϽֵûûУûУܹ۵ҩҸ˻أҪҪҰ񱮰ȥ
ֵңֱӽŵ񱮶ǸƹصضϴİƷʥޣȵð
Ǹƹۿһصĵҩʱȫ𣬿񱮣ƨƨߵľͰ˾¥ſڡ
ʥʵģȻʥʵۣһھеͼ۰ϧһھûУ̫ϧˣ
ϻȡһŵҩⲻǷҰʦ𣿷ʦΪʥˣ
֮Ͻȥ֪ͨ峤˾򲻵ˣ
컯ŸᴢһЩģΪǵĺ
ʥ鵤żҲǺöһóôƷǵҩʦĳΪʥˡ
ղλ˲˵ޣȵȵãϽ֪ͨţ

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ʥʵܸʥӭĵҩֵҩУ׼۶һھɽ۸һ㶼ʮھ֮䡣
ҰҲҪжһЩ۷ǿߣûҪۣעļ۸һھǣÿֵҩÿ˽޹һţ˭ܹȫԼĻԵ
ʱ䣬ҰƳЩҩȫ˳ȥҲõʮھϾԼϾڶϡ
ȵҰЩҩȫϣȻڶʥǿߴŲ϶뷽Ұ¯
ҰһҲӦΪжһЩǿߣҲΪԼϵ⼸Ҫ̫ˣôźġ
ŷǿԽԽ࣬ҰûռϣԼǽ뵽Ƶҩȥˡ
һ£¥ż̤ˣֵþ¥ƹϲ£졣
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ȵҰʱܹճȫƳ˵ҩ°ٿŰƷǵҩ֮ʣµȫˡ
ʱ󹺵ҩȫĴһЩʹ˵Լĵ̣ṩĲ̫ˡ
ػŵʮһصʥҲ˹Ҫһʥ鵤Աʱ֮衣Ұ͸һţȫЩĻ֮
ʱѹΣҰõھٶʮϾʮ˵ȥۺ졣
ҪĻǰƷʥ׬ö࣬ƳɰƷʥΪʥҪȷǲٷˡ
Ұƴ֣˶ֱͦ࣬ЦеѯħżƶҪھŹɱģ
һʮͲˡż˵˳
أҪٶСħЦǺǵ˵˳
ϴһҪٶھ˷ܵĽ˳
ҰЦݽӲϣ˳һ˻ͷϣڣھˣŪôھǣ
ħȻЦ˵ĵĺܣĵʥ˵ЩھҲŪʣ¼ж࿪¯ξˡ
ҰпξѾǿеĲ˸ˣʣµ֮УܹռĲϿûôˡҿھɫ˲ӣһҩҪˣʱֿþɫеҩˡ
ɱʱ򣬱һʱҪ뵽˯֮Уʱ¾޷ﵽˣҪ׼ħһ䡣
Ұͷħżƶʮھȥˡ
żֻҪʮھܹɱεǿֱӽ˯֮С
ħƶɱ仹ԶǶھҰҪǵʱҲܹٻ
ȵҰЩҩϣŻ뿪ʮһأغ󷽵İ׹·ʮء
ԾԨʱ䲻ԶˣҰȥλ콾Ľ档
˲Ұõ˶ǶѾˣвʥҰĿж̰
ЩˣҰûзϣǸҶԼ֣ǷҰҲ˿Ŀ
Ұո̤·߰˸ʥҲŷҰ̤·
ܿʹʥʵĶУʥ΢΢üͷչ˿ЦʥôöԸҲ߲ˡҳ֣ҲûʮİܹǼһȥǾȥɣ
Ұ̤·ʱ򣬾֪˱˸ˣ߳ʮ֮ԶԶ׺ЩʥҲӿٶȡ
ˣ
һ𶯵һ֧ɫ˺գһ˺ѵصʥֱϮҰ󾱡
ҰͷҲûأֳźһץͽ֧ɫץУ˳˻ȥ
ղųֵǸʥٴһ뷽Ұֻײһ𣬷һ޴ĺ
ֻҰӳȥһ֧ɫʿǸʥһٴǸʥ˹ȥ
Ǹʥɫ䣬ǧȫ˳ſסһɫǳѿ
ҰȻûлͷĮĵ׬ôۺˣ


738 챦ƿ
ʥǶǳ㣬õ̫ˣ缸иʥɭȻ˵˳
ҰˣĮȻĵٶ˵ôûʣħսʱôǣϻ˵ְɣҽȥЩࡣ
Ұ̫ˣǰλʥұǣһʥʥȳ˳ֽ̧һɫʥ˳ȥ
Ұδתȴһƶпٳݺݵײɫϡ
䣡
һ춯صĺƶֱӽǸɫ˿
ƶǰҶöʥҰĻЩζ
һϣɱԶкüʥһŭ˳ԼԼֶΣɫ⻪ǵصĳŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ҰȻһƬأȳ˲仯ǧ򣬽ڶʥȫס
ţĥ̡ʮ˲ͭ¯ѩСȫ˳ȥ
Ұأÿһ߱Щϣһ֣ǵء
ҽͱըƬ֮Щʥȫڶնɱĸɸɾ
Ұű֣ʥǵĴָŷҰл۶Ұ
ҰͷҲûأڰ׹·ϴǰС
ȵҰߵʮصʱʮضżԨ֮ս
Ԩһսֻʣ¼ʱˣսʮ֮ǿУʮеڶʿȥΧۡ
ҰӦ£˴ҲӦԨڵأٲԨľ˹ȥ
ԨסһĵԺ֮УҰʱԨﵹǻŲˡ
տѩаơҹң¡˶Ұһ
ȻҲ˵˷ҰΪʥϢˣƷʥʥʥʵ˵Ҳ
ҰĿԨϣԨβߴȴ͸һԨsΡУºڷüĿʣ
ԨΪ紫ǰ㣬ֻ벽̤뵽ʥ֮УѹҪһսͻˡ
ǰʱ䷽ҰԨϢ˵ʮ֮бľشˣȴʮгˡ
·Źأʥ͵սŹ֮䶼дʹʹͨΨԼ߹زܹ͡
Ҳ֪Ԩߵ˶ٹأαƣŽս˴˴
ԨҰֱӿѯʵ˵ʮľֹôֻصʮˣ
Щ񣬱ϾԨľشɲʲôʵ飬аƵ˶û𣬼ҰѯʳǵĿҲԨϡ
ԨĬƬ̣ŵΪʮأ֮أ
˶΢΢ݣǶ֪ȴ֪Ȼ
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ô˵֪ģôĿŵڴ˴սԨ˵ӵ㹻İܹսʤԨ
Ҳ˹ҹңüѯʵûֹмɰʤ
ԨɫƽĵҼδֹΪ߳ɰտʤֶζóһĻ᲻ɡ
տѩüɻĵҲǸ˵ΪȴˣΪʱỹɣ
ԨĿԶıھλ챦ƿʮǰħս֮챦ƿѣعؼ䣬ȲҸӦ챦ƿϣ
˶΢챦ƿϣȫܣԨʮа˾Ҫ䣡ɻỹǶ˵ģ
û壬ûʥʾΪһʥȫյҲ³˵Ԩʥˡ
˵鶼Щأһʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲôˡ
Ԩϵ¶һ˿Цݣο˵ϻϵ컯еĺ֦ó챦ƿҲһˣҪСĶľ
˵ٺЩԨἰľ˶ǳ档
аЩѯʳ˵ʥҪѹľȴˡľֹǶľô¶
Ԩüͷ΢壬ľɱ̫ˣҸͬĶܻ֡ͷֵԵʣȫʵóڴʥ֮ɱʥ
˶΢΢üͷ¾ϳɻ󣺡ľʦкˣ뵱˵ʥ֮ǰ͸¶ʦţʲô˲ܹ̳ĵӣ
ԨЩɵĵҸľǴν֣˽ǱȽ϶ģҵЩ²⣬ֻǲ֪Բԡ
ֵ˵޷ƵĿԨϡ
ԨҸоľӦǶ´ˣ
£ҹңаƵȫֶǵ̫ˣԶȶľǵ𺳸
˵޾֮ǰڵһصĳ֮ݷ꣬һٴﵽʥʾ磬·ϵ콾նɱһ·Ƶʮ֮УǸʱһ˵ʱʧ١
ľϵɱŨҲѹԨ²Ƕ´ˣǵɱͦġ
ֻǣ´ڵѾɿ֤ˣȥҲǸԣǶľǶ´ģǴӺδõĶ´У
ľǶ´ˣԲûУУԻ̫ˡԶԣĻͽ
ҰЦЦڶľʥʱƵߣ֪˺δ˵ҪĵĲǶľԨһս
Ұֽⳡսϣ˶Щ֪Ұʲô߼
ҰԨЦǰħ֮ʥսұƼˣϵ컯еҶǿԱǿգյҪǿ
˶ԨԨӵһ컯飬Ա治챦ƿ
ϧֻһλˡ
ԨҲӿֳһŨս⣬ȻܹԱ컯飬ԼҲһԣĻҲûһս֮
Ұſ磬Ԩ֮Уһŵҩ
ԨЦʥҾͲҪˣ뿿Լͻơ
ҲΪҰҪԨʥڴս֮ǰͻƵʥ硣
ҰͣЦ˾֪ˡ
Ԩ̤뷽Ұ磬Ƭ֮˾һ˳
ҹң˶ԨжһĨŵķɣԲ²⣬Ұ׸ʲôҩţ


739 ۷֮ս
ԨʮǿдսһǴ˵Ĵˣһħʮ֮һȫǸ콾ڶħʥ͵
ܹʮصʿΪٶﵽʥ߾磬ʮΧħ壬ΪҲʥͲ࣬ΪҲûʸ
Ԩڴʥ۷壬ʥֻһ֮ңҲδսͻƵʥ硣
֮սһ۷֮սһյ֮ʣʮǧĿݼǿУѻǧʥͣ󲿷ֶʥߡ
ҰûиԨһǴŻǰˡδսǻûսʿǶ˲١
ħĶʥͣߵĴ󲿷ֶʮеʥͣвǴʮһиʥ͡
еЩ콾ûг֡˵Ź֮дʹ󣬵ÿδҪĴ̫󣬶ңеսӲңЩ콾ҲԼҪûʱרۿԨս
ʮеĻʥѪʥѹѪʥǸòŮӣüӡһѪɫ£֮ˡ
ħҲϢǿʥѹһۼ׶ֳɫʣ͸ħѹǿղ
ʥңңţҪΪ˷ֹԷʥʳ֣Ϊػսе콾ҲΪػԼһ
Ѫ£Ԩ֮ս˵Ҳ֣ұؽն֮ħǸʥʴһۻڸǿлص
Ѫʥ㶯쳹֮˲֣㿴ħˡвʶôħҲ֣˲
ʥʱ̬Ȼ춯ʥʣѾվʥ۷壬һʥҲԨ֮սҲ˲䱻ʥնɱ
ʥԨ֮սܹĵĽս
Ŀ֮УԨһɰԾµƿٿȵ
ԨǺƴƬǿл첻ʥ߶һѪڣȻݡ
ԨǿУڷ٣Ƶģ졣
Ԩ£ħ֮гһħƣһ˿ԨȻͶ̥Ҿͳȫ㣡
һݿʵħԻ͸һϢ
ԨңңԣаЦԨӦöƬ򲢲İɣ飬ģ죬Ҫϵĺˡ
Ԩ죬ĮĵΪսźұսĵطնɱԼ֮飡
עֻܳΪ̤ϾĵʯսһŹħƣԨڵλùɱ˹ȥ
ԶԶſڷҰϵĻ̧ͷĵϴԨµû챦ƿȻϡ
ҰЦԨ֪սĻ»׶༪ˡ
鵹ǲģɵĵϴǶˣСӶԸӦû̫⡣ؼʱһ֮Уȡ챦ƿ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ȿ˵챦ƿԨ˵شҲϴȵĳ裬ǾͲˡ˵ŷʥʲۿԼһ콾ģͷˣʱǲ
ڷҰͻ齻̸ʱԨѼҽԨһȭСҴһѪһƵԨնһѪۡ
˫콾һֱչѪȵĲɱڶʥͶľ
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ƬݼԨҳһ޴Ŀռѷ죬Զ񱩵ϯķѹڶսʥߺʹʥٴκˡ
Ԩ֮սһͼѪˣų̂ս֣ÿһιޱȣƬն֧顣
ħһָһڲϻһָָϲɫƬӡħеƺܹһƬ˺һ㣬ѹء
ɵأԨһ˶ΪһڶǸֱָ˽ȥˮûз
ħħһָԨõµɵأδκεԨԨҲԶ̫˺
Ԩ֪챦ƿԵʣζսûл챦ƿȡ裬ֱӲ
Ԩûþȫ񼼣žٴνⲫս쳣Ĳң񱩵Ƭ˺ѿ
ʱƣϵԽԽ࣬Ԩѹ·硣Ԩڴ˵ռкܴƵģΪѹס
ԨɣŭһжȻһƿɢһɵصϢٳԨ˹ȥ챦ƿ


740 
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챦ƿնīƿ˸źɫ⣬λȫΪһڶ̺ϢҪԨڡ
챦ƿʮ̨ܹһΪޡ
챦ƿȫ˳һʥʿʮа˾Ҳ䵱Եֵס֮
ߵʥͶ˰Ѻǻӵе챦ƿ½챦ƿȫͷ˳Ԩܵס
챦ƿ֮ʣԨ¶һ˿Ц⣬ұƴҲ͸ƴȻǾͱ
Ԩδ䣬ͼкȻһ񶦣࣬ƣϿƶ
ǰҰԨ뵽֮Уûиʥǽƶ
ҰѸƶʮھƶѾָ࣬㻹ûȫָ۷״̬ӵеʵѾ
Ҫ֪ԽǰӵеԽǿڶĻ챮ӹûб
ƶе֮״̬ѹʹҲԸˡ
ƶһ֣ɢһƶءһͬʵһΧΧ졢չᡢԳɽ׹ɽ
ƶǹϣƶת׽ǹţݺݵײ챦ƿƿλá
ȫƶ㻹δָ۷״̬Ҳ챦ƿȵġ
ƶвʥ;ĿⲻԾתƵ˷ҰϣͼҰЦݵս֡
ѪʥʴǸֳһ˿˵ЦݡǽʥȴɫĿ¡
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տѩȥˣҰãĽԨһʥԨѱ챦ƿɵˡ
¶ΣɫӵĿ˷Ұһۣ̾ƶûлָ۷״̬ǿ챦ƿӣҰﶼܹȥ뵽ͻѩѩˣǺǰ
䣡
ײһ𣬷һ춯صĺȹ̵˺ѿһ޾մѷ죬ƶϢǵصϯѹΧ۵ڶʥͲòٴκˡ
ײֱŻصԲʮǿնݲеĽ߽⣬ֻʣɢ⡣
ѪʥʺͽʥʸԴһ֣Լʿػסõǿ񱩵ܻɢ
ϴĸò񶦻㲻ɣվڷҰϣĿ⾼Ŵս롣
ҰЦ֮أԨϴˢȵĳ裬ͱնԨɱҲˡʱ񶦵ʱҪֹħǽʥʶ񶦳֣һжҪлʲôı仯ˡ
֪ˣһڹؼʱֶ̳Ըġǿɶ֪ҵıƶ֣ʥҲס촽˸һĨ˷ܵɫ
ǽ̸ʱǿеɢԨӰٴγڰУһһħңңԡ
ͷ챦ƿ˫ĿԨԨ벻ƶˣѹ޿֣
ԨĮĵ㲻Ҳ챦ƿܹǶɱ
ƶֻǽģֲҿܷӳŭһٴν챦ƿܷ˳
챦ƿͷٷɳͨɺɫĴɣ͸һɵصĸħ·ҪƬ綼û
㵱ͷڹ꣡ԨһҲٴμƶƶϯأƶһɺӭ챦ƿ
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ƶ챦ƿصײһ𣬷һ춯ص죬񱩵ϯܣһһŵǳըȸղǴײҪǿ
ԨϢЩɢҲеЩԲһʱ֮ٽеθ
óƷɵеĲɵһ븹УڵΪ޸ţԨŵĴЦԨҵĵв࣬ĻָԶԶңòɵܿҾָܻȵٴθ챦ƿҿεֵ
ҩҲУԨɫŹֵЦЦóһŵҩ˵ƽӳɻԣ˵ǹá
ʥ鵤Ʒʥŵľ
ʥʻȻվ˫Ŀɱ˸ЩֵҩҲӵУ
Ѫʥ֮վϵʥʣýʥлԸԨ
ҹңտѩ˵ĿⶼתƵҰϣҰǵȻЦݣһɫӡ
ڣҲ׹ҰƶԨһ͸Ԩһʥ鵤
ʥ鵤ʥ͵ʥʥߣҲܹ˲ϢֵָҩļֵȻ쳣Ұֵҩܹͳȥȷǹ󷽵ġ
Ԩһڽʥ鵤븹У˲ָ۷״̬ͷƶٴγһɺ嫵ɱ¡
ָÿ죬ҲκεңŭһըһѪڣǿԼȫΪ챦ƿٴμ˳Ȼӭƶ
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ײ춯صĺҫ۵ϯƬǿգõΧ۵ڶʥͶԿ峡еֻܸܵǹɺĪ
Ұ˫ĿɫսеһƴȫΪ챦ƿܣסƶһֻȫȾѪǳǱ
յΪֹұػֻظѾ֧챦ƿ챦ƿû뵽ڣһ仰˺գҪʹȥ
֮սܰսһԨһٴνƶ˳ֱӽضĴͣӲĴд˳
챦ƿӰͷ­֣ɢһɺ嫵Էĵֵסƶһ
һ֮УȫľϣϵĹҲѣ屻ƶѹ·޷ѡ
ɫŭԨɱңˣ


741 Ⱥʥս
Ԩ䣬ֽ̧֦˳ȥȵ츶ٴĴۣҲҪѩܣ֦ұ
֦ܺȻը嫵Ƭǿնը鿪ǿնޣ֦ȫը
챦ƿһҲը촷ۣ뵽챦ƿ֮еǶһ٣ȴҲܵ˷ǳصƣʱܻҷӣ챦ƿϵĹ⻪Ҳ𲻶
ԨϢҲٴ˥ʥ鵤ָ۷״ֽ̬ƶ˺֦Ҳǿ֮ĩ
Ԩ̾һڣѾնɱ챦ƿеꡣ
Ԩұض߸ȣҵţһĻ챦ƿûС
Ѫʥʰϧʥʶ˿ûг֣֪жԷڣҲ޲
Ұâһȵ飬֣
Ӱ˲ʧǿУžͼѾƶâٴ͸һɺ嫵ݺݵУոյ챦ƿ˳
ƶôܣһƶ챦ƿײ»Ϊޣ֪ƶٴθյġ
ƶһӽ챦ƿ˽ȥٴηصԨͷţ˿˿Ƶɫ⻪
Ԩɫ΢΢£ƽ
ҰûֵʱǡôԨѾʤնɱ֣ԨĵκӰ졣
䣬Ƭǿնѻȸ
ӵ챦ƿӵˣոնó챦ƿʱڶʥͻΪԨˣû뵽ȴˡ
ӵ壬ˣ겻ѡ
ǵһӵʿһ޷ס˵ĵ׶һɳظС
ɱܷŹ
Ȼɱ֣һ֣ɱ
ᣡƶ챦ƿҪ
ħǱв˶ʵŭһ𣬻ΪһɺɫսԨɱ˹ȥƬǿһƬɱ
ˣ
һգһɿ񱩵ʥ˲ԨǰƶɫĻȥ
ħĹˣʱԨǰһѪɫ£˿˿ѪɫĹ⻪ӴħʥͣԻΪʧؼ䡣
ѪʥƬǿգħ壬ƽԾ˱ɱˣ𣿡
ʥŭһҲûϵջᷢı仯ħƷͱ˵ĵԨʹõƶʥ鵤Уǽ˵ĶȡʤѾ˹أնԨջƶ챦ƿʹգ
Ѫʥλð¶һ˿ڽɫȻҲɵˣõ챦ƿأҲǽˣ챦ƿսƷƶǷҰ֮ߣ˾ˣ䲻սֻҪܽЩȫˣȥ
ʥѪ¯һɿ񱩵ѹԨɱ˹ȥѪʥʷӦ֮ǰԨƶ챦ƿ
ѪʥڷͻأʧڰУԨһѪ̧̤֣ǻӶһƬݺݵӡʥʡ
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ʥʽ֣ղ涼ˣƬǿжӿſ񱩵ѹںѡ
Ԩ΢ָЩΪֵ֪ȼսԶԶԼֵܹģ˵˷Ұ˵ߡ
ԨŷҰ˹֣л֣ƶ챦ƿ
Ұֹס˳ֽƶٻأһƶ챦ƿԨУЦƶȻҪջأ챦ƿ֮Ե㱣ܡ
ԨΪȶս㷽Ұ챦ƿҲЩĶ뵽Ϊսջûж챦ƿκβ˼챦ƿ͸Ԩ
Ԩһɫǳһס챦ƿӡԼ񣬳ŷҰʩһ񣬳Ƿһ
Ԩ˭ףǷҰƶһʥ鵤ʮа˾Ż䡣
ңԼѾĶӣƶգӦҲǷҰгֵģȻĻ˵õ챦ƿˡ
㷽ҰҪ챦ƿԨҲ޷˵ʲôϾɱڷҰ챦ƿ͸Ϊж
ҶΪ˿Ұ˰֣ûںֻƶеĻ黹ߺ󣬲ôӡ
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һ˺ѵǿմѷӵǸǿ˺󣬱ܿʥʽನ
ʥʺѪʥּΣ˴˷ֿʥĵƶ÷Ұߣ챦ƿұߣ
ѪʥЦսƷҪ͸ֵģϻ˵Ҫսս
ʥʶͷиֳһɫħԨͷҰȻ»ӣһƬɱħɣɱ˭ܶ챦ƿƶеκһұؽƼʼ
Žʥһ£ǿеħʥȫԨͷҰɱ˹ȥħǵأǿա
ѪʥʸǸɴ࣬ȵɱЩħȫˣ
Ѫʥʻδ䣬Žʥʹɱ˹ȥһѪµգѪ⣬̴ء
еڶʥҲԼʥħɱ˹ȥ
Ұ¶һ˿Цݣʵ鸽ǿգڶѣһЩħͷնɱһħʥߣºԴȡһöƷʥնɱһħʥºԴȡһöƷʥնɱһʥºԴȡһöƷʥѾǵʥĲ࣬ǵҩ࣡ɱ¾ɰ
ͻƵʥʥǰƷǵҩͻƵʥʥǰƷǵҩͻƵʥʾʥʵǰƷǵҩֵҩڶʥ
ҰĻڶʿǴ˼ѪƵģһ˷ܵĳħ֮С

һ쳹񷣬еʥͽһʥֱԱóÿһħ嶼޵δܳ嵽Ұ˵ߡ
ڵҩջ£еڶʥͶѪˣԼʥóԥԱˣΪ˶ɱħʥ
ҰЦߣҲȥսЩħӶɱ⣡
Ұͷƶȳ˹ȥֳһƬأĥѹǿգʮ˲ѹ磬ͭ¯أʮ


742 Իʤ
ҰħǼϤеЩħħ御ɱ
׵ʥ֮ͬʥҰҲܹɱֻ֮Ҫʥʲ֣ûмʥֵܹһغϡ
ЩƵʥҲԵֵסҰ֮趯ƶɱǡ
ԨҹңտѩҲŷҰħݺնеʿһĽֶζ˳Աʥɷ䡢졢˻ȵȣҪĸڶħƴɱ
ʿǣħǱȴҰɱĵˣʿһͿ
ʥʶսеȻģҰħͬͻȺƵģҪǰնɱҰȫѪʥʸסˡ
ۼħԽԽأѾнǧʥͶڴս֮УһĻһ٣ȥĻЩħʥͼпܻᱻնɱ
ʥѪ׽ǶȻ޷챦ƿˣݺݵҧҧĵŭħǣ
ħ糱ˮźɢȥҰ׷ɱͣ
ʥѪʥҽΣɱȻ˷ҰһۣŲĵ뿪˴˴ս
˻׶һսնɱħʮеһնɱǧħʥͣȻҲʮʥ͵Ĵֽۣܡ
ȥĽǧħʥͣнӽǷҰɱеڶʥҲնɱ߰˰ʥͣЩתɵҩĻɲǸСĿ
ǣҰЩȴûʲôоɫеڶҩһĳˣвٶưƷʥԭϣǲĲϲ⡣
ѪʥŷҰĵ˵ͷǳЦܹȡ˻Ի͵սѹû
ҰЦѪʥˣҲֻΪһˡ
˵Ұǿеڶʿ˹֣ЦܹȡսǸλĹͣĳŵλĵҩ٣ھֳλһ
ʥˣնɱħ壬岻ݴǣ
ʥԶţ˵ҩΪٴһЩԸħʱҲܹնɱ࣡
ʥἺΪˣ˾尡

ʿŷҰ˴Ĵָûڵ̾šҰɫ䣬鵹ڷҰֺǷ
ҰϱŽٿŰƷʥȺеħʥҲֻʮ߸ҰȽƷʥָˡ
ϻһЩƷʥղնɱħʥĵȹȡһ£˵ҲţҺܿͿƳղŵĴսѾȫӡԺУɻصģӷĳõκεҩҰʵֱӵ˳ɻȡҩĵҩҲǴϼģɲЩˮˡ
ҵ۾ѩģοѪʥʿţ˭ɻأһ
ǣնɱһħʥͣʥһŵҩĸѾĺˣ˸ҳ֣ǶŹ
˶ʱӦһЩնɱħʥǿߣҲŷҰ˹
Щ˶ʥǿߣкüǻ˾ǧʥǲϵĶҪʥʵ
ʥʵܹʥͻƵʥʵɼʣɼʣҲʥͶˡҰŸʱڶõҩʥѣŷҰĹʩ
ҰΪֻǸʥûǵΪ񣬵ǷҰʥݣڶʥʶ
ʮʥǰ󲿷ʥҪʥʵʥնɱħʥʥʵ֮⣬ָҪһʥ鵤
ʥ鵤ڹؼʱܹ˲ָ۷״̬ʥ˵ʥʵ
ѪʥҰǰЦЦʥҿҲնɱʥŶǲҲܹѡŰƷʥ
ҰˬʵЦѪʥػض꣬ͿɲСʥȵģϵİƷʥһЩѪʥѡöɡ
Ѫʥ΢ǳЦʥȻǷǷҪΪѰЩʥҲͲˡҪʥʵ컯һʥ鵤
Ұɫû˿仯˳ֽƿݸѪʥʣõѪʥʾҲӿֳһ˿
ҰʥЦղնɱħʥߵģ˵˵ԼҪʲôҩɣʱҺһˡ
ڶʥͶ鼤ҰߣŷҰ˸Ҫĵҩ
Ұϣ󲿷ֶҪͻƵʥʥҲвɱöʥͻҪ˰ٵ鲹쵤ȵҩ
зҰĻǰţЩʥƴɱħʱ򶼷ǳû˷õҩҲ˸߲ҵġ
Ұٴνƶ˳¯Ѿ޽ӽ񼼣ưƷʥ׾١
ҰֱӽҩһԵĶ뵽ƶ֮Уһȸ𣬿
СʱʸֳƬĽƣһǵص£õڶʥͶࡣ
߰˰ٿʥȳ¯նɱħʥˣһ˷ֵһš
ţҰֽʣĵҩ˳ȫַӦõˡ
ǰ˴ʥǧңȻǧûնɱħʥͣҰҲǿֶ飬ЦǺǵĵλֵĵѣйͣûħͷ­ÿҲȡһöƷʥκƷɵߣҲһϣﻻȡκΰƷʥ
ǿжʱһƬŷҰΧ£
ʱҰڽҪĵҩ˳ڶʥĿеҲǵһǰĸ߷塣
ڶʥһǳ⣬˸߲ҵһ𷵻֮С


743 
ԨսǧʥʹսħҰܣǧħʥͲϢ֮
еʿǳܣ⻹Ծħһδģʤ¾ħʥǧսԻ͡
Ԩնɱ챦ƿ죬ֻȴû֪ͷǻƶųɱԨҲͽݶС
Ұһ𷵻صʮ֮УԨҰտѩ¡ƵҲ˹˴̸۵˵Լļţħе
󣬷Ұ˹˹֣ЦѾʮרһˣҲȥ󷽵ؿˣҩǿʵҲ׬졣
˶ЦˣԨ֮սʥ磬ϱչˣϣԺ󻹿Բս
ôһġҰЦ˸ǣŻһ̤ʮغ·
·֮УҰоԼͻϹƵģڸϹʥһ𲢼սһûħӰԼɱǲֻܻˡ
ЩþԷҰ˵˿öûУ׽ЩħӰˡ
˴·ǰ·еİ׹ǶһЩҵϢİ׹ѾܹʥĿݹˡ
ǶսħеĹʥӢһ𣬳Ϊ·ָź콾ǰУ֪ͨԶսħ塣
ǵľ÷Ұǳжһ·߹оԼ궼˲١
·ڴ콾־ʥܹ߹ҰȻκ⣬һº󣬷Ұ·ʮ֮С
ʮ֮У̸ǰеһս̸ҰóڶʥΪʱһźԼδܸϹȥ
־õĻᣬɲࡣ
Ұʮأ˵Ľ̸еõԼҪϢ
ľɱ˺պ֮նħش졣
ϻ̫죬ŶľɰˣľȷпܾǴ˵еĶ´ˡ
һȼŻĴʧ˺ܾˣȻû˶ѾˣҰȴûﻹûô׾ȥ
ʮĳ֮սһֱħֱѣһʧ֪١
˵˼ĳħһ֣ӦǱһħգֻǸħȴûκϢ
ʮط⣬ҰһЩϢ
֣·ɱһѪ·ħΧ֮УӲɱ˳˵Ѿ˶ʮ˹أ콾֮档
ħ˻ٳʮأֳٲܣʥħ졣
Ϲ칬е鹬ʮ߹أİӡľһ˹ȥħһЩʥҲ˹ȥ֪ﵽʲôܡ
ʱƽ͸һɱǰУǡĴҲ׷̤·
Ұûʮ֮оֱӾ˴ʹڵķλ˻ʧƬ
ʧüˣҰȥʧĵطԼܷﵽ
һƬݼŵ򣬾ħ嶼ҲһҰƬµʱ䣬Ȼûκεķ֡
ħͻȻƬǿն˸컻ˣҵĵҲ޷ҵ
Ұ΢ϸ̽Χɺ
ʥΪȻ͸ƬǿգǹŹ֣ΪλܹҵȼյĹβҵҰĿɨΧ
ԵȻ׾ͿҵֻҪָķǰУҲܹҵħһ仰ǣŷҰһǿǰС
Ұħǣǿطת˺üΣʱ󣬷ҰͼȼյĹ
ڲϣɽΡ硣
ǻɫģȼ棬ƺԡڹ֮Уתһɺ嫵ĶƮƺ˵ŴıԴƵġ
ҰȻ£оĻЩϤյȸ̺ȸ𼸺ͬ
Ϣ֮У̺һɺ嫵Ϣڵȸһޡ
Ұ̲סɣѵȼŻĹҲһı
һȼŻĴǰѹ죬ư磬ɷҰŬ޷
֪ǲǷҰĴոԼһͷͨȸӰһûϸʱֿˡ
Ұȫ߶Ƶӡ˫ȫΪɫȻ޷幬еǱһ֮ŸסƵġ
뵽ղħ˵ĻҰоħӦö湬Ҳ˽⣬ֱѯ˳ǲǶ湬֪Щʲô
ħͣƬ̣ǻȸйأСܽȥضвСĻԵͲˡ
䣬ȸ𡭡ҰԲ²⣬ڵĻ
ֹҰԼҲ޷ܹУ˵ȷԵ
ħܹϳһܹƬ컻֮ҳͨ˴ĵ·ǸҲЩϵ
ħЩ꣬ҰͲ²ħӦйأȸ˵ħЩϵ
ħ˵ҰҲͲ׷ʡ
СӲµģ߰ɣħԱϣȥ·ӡ˷ҰԺС
ۼֵõħ϶Ĵ𸴣ҰҲΪﵣģħָ뿪˴˴


744 ܷܷ
뿪˻ڣҰڿݼǿ˸ͣؽƣ뵽Լ֮С
Ұϻٶھһֱûʱ侲УҰҲںúõһ
ǰĺھҰ¶һ˿Ц⣬ֽ쵶ںھ档
쵶ҪкھʥмʥֻҪһھмʥ׸߼ʥҪʮھС
ʮھϾĻҪһϾɲһܹӵеġھԱ˵Լ룬ԷҰ˵ǲʲôΪ쵶ܹһҰҲۡ
쵶ԼźھҰںھ֮Уƹתʼε֮С
ҰоԼ뵽˴УһɹرԴ˳ȫëڡޱȣֱӾͱƹͬ˷ҰԼΪʱʱ̶̿š
תʱȥˣҰһֱںھ֮ţһȻ΢𣬴˹
Ұ˫ۣܿ£΢΢еЩȻȴΧĺھѾĸɾˡ
Ұõٶʮھżħƶʮھʣٶھ¾Ȼȫĸɾˣ÷ҰЩ⡣
Ұ̽ڵӵǧͶ֮䶼
ΪԽڣǰһҪԽƴ󣬷ҰĵٶھŽõ˲ǧʥҪʥʣѶʵ̫ˡ
ʱ䣬ǧٶȿƿֲ
ܹӵѸٵٶȣҪΪھ㹻࣬Ұڵľйأܹٵھ
úھ֮£ܹģ»治ࡣ
ٶھۼֵĻ׻ȡʮϾúھϾҪ˷ѵö࣬ЧҲϾҪõöࡣ
Ұ̲ס뵽˵ﻻȡʥʵЩʿʥʵǱΪﲻʥ۷壬Ҳ޼¡ȵǽԼΪʥ۷壬ǻ֪Ƕˡ
ҰͰҡҡͷ˵ĽףӦûôѣȻĻ⻹û˿ԳΪʥʡ
Ұй쵶쵶֮յĺھҲǳ࣬ѵ涼⻪˸ͷѤľɫ⣬͸һԵ߼ʥҲԶˡ
ҰûмųأתƵеϾϣԼĵ
Ѿ񼼣ɭҲѾԽһʥ似һ޷
Ұֻ˰ʱ䣬뵽ħӡ֮Уʹħӡӵ˴ʱյ˲Ϣ
żδɱҰҲƹضٴηصƬ֮С
Ƭǰ˰£Ұ˼ħҰ׽Ʒѻ꣬ȴ⼸ħԺеĽƣֱ⼸ħҷˡ
ҰҡͷʱҲħǿѻЩ񼶵ĵ޷֮⣬ļ䵹ǿȡ
ڣЩħļж˽ƣ÷ҰЩȡ
ԷҰڵΪħʥʣҰҲһսǲû̫Ĺǣûп١
ħڵǿд󣬷ҰǷһֵħеǿȫԣûŮԣ
ֻĳЩħרеĴϲܹħŮԣЩŮԶûκΪҲǳᡣ
Ұǳĺ棬רѯħħȻЦǹƽģħӵǿ츳ȴû̫ǿķֳЩħڻееħĸħĸħ̥֮Ҳľֻ
ħͣ£ֵħ֮УеħŮԣֻǴеĹߡħŮԵΪǿħ̥֮ҲľħлϲŮǿߡ
Ұ˼ĵ˵ͷҲоħŮԵ˵ȷǹġ
ʱ֮УҰʥϵħȫնɱ˼Ű񼶴ػû֮⣬ħʥȫˣʮظ˹ȥ
ʱҰȻѪовõ鷢ɫһӱˡҰ˫£ܿѩܷܷΣգλãھ뷽ҰǧǿУ
Ұļ٣ȫչߵļ٣ŸӦѩܷܷڸ˹ȥ
ѩܷܷҪ֮ض߱飬Ҷûлȥڵʮص֮أ벻ȴʱΣա
ڷҰУѩܷܷѩܷܷգҰʲôҲ˲ˣȼԼΪ·˲Ϣ
Ƭ֮󣬷ҰһƬǹ˸ǿУԶԶͿѩֱֳܷܷ˪ӰڸһƮݵ꼤Ҵսεѹ·硣
֮⣬иݱһԹս϶͸һħԣҰȴһʶ
Ǹÿһγ֣Ǵһڹ磬ûжȫѩܷܷеĺ˪ӰͲ׷µҲֻǿһս顣
ҰӰ˲ȭͷųâƤ˸ѹǰնݣݺݵǸ档
ս֣ȹһأԱǸսıӳȳȷҰս֣ŷҰ˹
Ұŭһֱӽƶ˳ȥ˲佫ȫ˳ݺݵײǸ͸űϢꡣ
ȻҲûϵҰͼƶȫɫ΢΢£˫գһͨڵĴУ͸һɺ嫵ܣӭƶ
Ұ΢΢£ϳ˴̫е̫죡壡
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һĺ񱩵ϯǿգһ޴ѷڰУһſȻը׺֪Զ
ᣬҰѾǸǰݺݵһȭ˹ȥһǰ
ǿڸղδסҰЩȣѩܷܷĶսгȫΪɫӭŷҰȭͷĻȥ
һ÷ҰһַǳϤĸоƺƬض£У͸һɱĴ·ܹһƵġ
ϲ֣֮
ҰһӾͷӦ˹ϲ֣֮ǱԼóҪǿ̫ˣϲ֣֮
ܹϲֵ֮ȫӳģΨд˵еĲ
䣡
һƵ촫·ײƵģҰȭͷʹ⻹ǷҰһϱѹƣҰҲδܴҰĸо


745 սȺħ
ҰͲٷֿӰѩܷܷߣǵǣѿڵܷܷû°ɣ
ѩܷܷϲһϸܵ㺹΢ŷҰЦЦҿüʱֻΪĵЩأĵûʲô
ѩܷܷݱǣʱ㺹棬һ˿˵ķˡ
ѩܷܷҰ΢ֱóһŰƷǵʥ鵤ݸѩܷܷ
ѩܷܷӹʥ鵤峺һ˿Цֻ˵ΪðƷǵʥ鵤ָҲ̫ݳ˰ɣ
Ұƴֵĵͷĳ˰ɣ⻹кܶ࣬ĵҩҲȲİȫҪ
ѩܷܷһжҲٶ˵ſڽʥ鵤ȥΪ˲ָ۷״̬ǵһηðƷʥЧеǳ𾪡
ѩܷܷѩ֪ҰǸӦԼΣ֮ġҰʱƣȼΪģղŸǽƶȫʩչ˳ޱȵʥ鵤ԼãǸж
ڣҰע⵽ѩܷܷΪոͻƵʥ粻ãûȹ̡Ӧѩܷܷڶɽٵʱй¶Ϣ˲ǡ
ƶٴƮطҰͷҰŶĲˣɭȻĵҽɱܷܷ
Ǹֳ̫ħЦһĵҰڤܾˣΪӵм޵ˣһɱ
˫͸һ˿Ĺͬһ߸ϵףĮȻҰնɱ¶ѧҵϲ֣֮Ҫúһ
ҰЦҵϲֻ֮ȫ㣬ǿϲ֮ˡ
ڲϲ֣֮Ұڱصã
ҰڵһмʥҪǿһЩղȴֹǷʹһҪѿĸоһǷҰΪ£ϲֵ֮ȷ֮
Ұɣϲ֮˼£Կͽֺ
ңڤҶѩܷܷ֣÷Ұɱ졣
ڤħʮ֮Ҳһʲôɱ¾֮ǿ̫ˣڤ̫ҰҪնɱǣ治һ׵顣
ڷҰҪֵʱ򣬺Ȼоһɱ嫵Ĳٿǹɲķ˹ȥ
Ƭ֮һӰڷҰУ̲סһ˿Цһš
Ǹֻʮ߰꣬ͷɣһϮ³еķ棬͸һϢδıУ
귽Ұѩѹ֮󣬾Ҳûмǰűʮħս˫˫ʧû뵽Ҳˡ
ܷܷˣеӰٳڳУѩܷܷǰʮ⣬Ұ̲֮סһ
ѩܷܷĵӵĺ⣬ܷܷˣзҵͲˡ
̾ϢһܷܷһЩᣬĻԼѾô˵ҲͬҸӦգٶȸ˹û٣ҿҪˣҲ̫ĺˡ
ǷӣءѩܷܷĮ
üͷҲٶ˵ⷽ飬תԲڤӵϲ֣֮ڤ̫ħͷǺöԸġ֪ҰЩֶΣƾԼӦħͷҸ·ӣҲֵܹأҾֵһ
˵еĿתƵ˷ҰϣҰԸħͷͱŮ˲ˡΪڰ㣬֮ĶԹ㣡
ѩܷܷ˵ҰֹˣҰЦ鵹ǲǾɱħǵĶԹ֣ѡһɣ
ãҽֶˣɣӦһڤǹУֱӵս
¶һ˿аЦݣĵҵȷǽֶˣӵκεңҿʲôͣ
ֳڤǹһ磬Ų˹ȥеڤǹ͸㺮âȫڣǵء
˫ְÿһƻһƬ嫴֮ѹǵ㺮âԽӽҲҸڤǹϣһʱ֮䶷˸൱
շģˣڤЦһдգ˲ǿգķڴת¶һ̫֮ӿԵܣŷҰɱ˹
ڤȻûȫ̫ʱҲԲôöԸģ˿˿Ƶ̫֮޿ײ룬ȫŷҰ˹ȥ
Ұ˸һƬ⣬ֳһͷӰһ͸һյĻ̫𣬱ƵΧ̫֮޷
ҰҲ̫СˣȻ컯鶼ãԺҲûˣ̫죡ڤһ̫ȫ˳˿˿Ƶ̫֮һ㣬չҰڵƬǿնڣϢ̫֮Х
ϲ֣֮ĮһӡֶĴ̫֮ӡ˱̫סķҰϡ
ҰѩʱҾ˵ұն㣡ʵŵԵʱ㻹Ϊһֵһȥɣʱ򣬱Ҳ˲ϲ֮ɫȫڤǹ˲ڷҰǰֱ˷ҰС
ѩܷܷʧɫȫ׷£ԺֳһԲ£¸ֳһɫƣŷҰڸ
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һĺƬնȫ˺ѿһʮﳤľ޴ѷ죬֪Զܷõһȫը
̫ڤǹȫϲֵ֮ĹҲȥЩȫһ𣬱ըĵǿնһڶ
ʱҰٴδԶ˳λǺ°ҵһӰ˹գĳܳ
𣬷ҰӰٴԻڰУЦЦŶԷˣܵ˰ˣ
ڱеʱ򣬷Ұ֪ûʲôģղűӰǷҰı壬Ҳķɭ󻯳һӰ
һӰõǿֶξȫˣ˵ɫǳѿ
ѩܷܷҲ˷ҰߣҰ˿üŭУУҲ֮ˣȻħֶԸҰԵȱ𣿡
е׺ݣҧгݵĵҰж֮ޣ˳𲻹죡ֻҪɱħ֮ôˣ
Ұɫƽĵļһ֪ĹΣѩ˵ٸң𣡽գұն㣡


746 ȫѹ
ҰոնһΣʥտҲʲôˣжͷֱԷҰ޵˹޲ɱ֮졣
ҰѩףѩֱǱ壬ѡ˷ҰŮñж˶ˣΪЦ
¶ҪնɱҰθǲϧڤħ֣ҲҪҰɱ
ڱ˵Ұĳޱħ廹Ҫ
ҰĿűУĮĵֺᣬǱıյΪѱˣ
ſĴЦշģʶʱΪܣұѾħˣ٣ұ彫ᰲȻĶȹ㿴ˣվڣ
ħĻţǱֱ㣬ȥǱ壡սŸոտʼҰһӿֳ޾ս⣬Զƶҷš
ŷҰĻ£ٴ߳һģһķһͷƶһֱֳ֮ӭڤ
żڳ˯Ұı岢ûнżٻ
ܷܷ󣡿ն˱УҰһ仰մƣٳűѹ˹ȥ
ҰԱеĺޣ˲ڤİ࣬ҰԲ̡ҰҲֻסڤҪ˱У
ѩܷܷİæҰԣҲ֪Ұն˱СѩܷܷԷҰģҲٳֳֺ֣˪ӰŲڤǿҰͱдս֮
ҰҲţУżѾܾûùˣҲ˲ӣҿֵܹסҵĹЦеڤǹ˸һɫķģ͸һɱ嫵ѹֱŷҰ˹
ڤǹǱı֮ʱ̺һǿն̴һڶ޴Ŀֱꡣ
ɱ㣡ҰһֳһƬأֱӴгһڤǹűеǹ˹ȥ
䣡
һɾ޴ĺ𣬷ҰԵģڤǹǹӵһ˿ϣҲûа취ȡ
ֶ𣿶Ը˻УҪԸң⻹ʸ񣡸йЦ˫ĿеĹâޱȣһҰǹı
Ұĳٴδӱһڤǹڤǹɱ˹ȥ
˷ѵ˾űڤǹ֮󣬱еɫ΢΢ˣҰٴλڤǹѾеû̫Ӳĵֵסǹһ
вûȫǹҲԶԶһʥȵģҰڤǹȻֵסǹһñһŵĸо
շģҿôѧհɣڤǹɱеŭ쳹񷣬еڤǹųһ貵ĺɫâһɱϢһɴ̴İԵƣŷҰɱ˹
Ұɫ䣬ȸ䡢׻ߡ飬ŭ͸Ϣ˿ڱеڤǹ
Ұ컯ȫ˳Щ컯еĴʵ˴֮γһĪϵ˴˽֯һɫĻڤǹǰ
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춯صĺ𣬺嫵ȫ񱩣ϯҰ˻ģ˺ѿһޱȵĿռѷ죬þ޷ƽϢ
ִĹĻȻɢڤǹһҲֵ
Ȼŵĵִ飿㾹Ȼôࣿ
ҰĮĵѾڤǹҿ㵽׻ܶüΣ
ҰĻδ䣬ûһһ׵ĥ̴תƵģһѹݺݵűѹ˹ȥ
еڤǹ͸һɱ޼᲻ݵĹḥ̂һƴĺĥҲʧǿУڤǹ˿
ǸʵʥڵΪɲ⣬ҲˮʱҪնǲܵ顣
񻷣סҰһɫ񻵴ֶӭ绯Ϊǧ򣬽Ƭ񷶼һƬɫ磬ٵķڤǹΧηס
ʹڤǹȻδܽ񻷵ķƿҪƿٴڤǹȫղУ
ʱ򣬷ҰĹѾˣȭͷųһ貵âƤǧ˸͸ܽƬǿյʱٶѹֱϮеš
շģҿʮ꣬Ϊ㱨𣡾㲻ҲҵĶ֣кݺݵҧҧҲŽڤǹͬӶȭͷӭҰȭͷ
ͬʱֳܸһһÿһīͬһ裬ǧ
нǧȫͷ˳ȭͷ֮ϣһƬʱ֮뷽Ұȭͷײһ
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ȭͷײײƵģֿ񱩵ϯ˷˺ѿһһľ޴ʯȺ䡣
Ұ˿δ˽ɲֹͣȫ飬ֱ۶ѣҰһȭɱ
ôܣô˶ңÿһ̺ܻ֮ԶԶ˱˵ʧ˳첲žһ죬ڿ޸š
ǮԣҰЦһȫתߵ񼼣ٵ˱ߣɳȭͷٴκеš
˪ŭһгһ˪ԴĹ֮ʱͿռ֮ĪĹ켣תգۼ۳һ˪ҰС
䣡
Ұȭͷݺݵڱ˪ϣһĺǱ˪ԴҰһȭ
ҰȥƲٴγűеȥ
гһ˪󴸣ݺݵ뷽Ұȭͷײһ𣬷һĺ
ǸƷʥı˪󴸣ȻҰһȭȥֻǱ˪󴸵ҲҰĹסˣʹ޷ٿС
ʱ򣬱еĸ첲Ҳȫָ˹渡ֳӨӨĹһıɫٴֱг˳һɺ嫵ˮϵϢ
ˮϵ컯еñ٣
Ұһ˻Ϊһɫߣת׽ñٸسϢ͸ñѹƵ̧ͷ
߱ϵ飬ˮˮϵñٿ˵ġ
üͷпñһãߣջصڡ
£ŭһ˫ֳֿܸһƬ˪磬˪Դ֮תɢſֲ֮ıƬǿնסˡ
һ˪ǿӣбסʶȫΪޣûʲôܹסֱĲƺܹ¶Ƶġ
ҰȻ壬˫ֿٽӡһ޴ӡֶħӡ
ħӡոճ֣Ϳٳ嵽˱ǰƺڴƵģݺݵӡ˱ǻδɢĺϡ
ħӡȼŵ棬ƺƬƵģħӡеı½Ӵħӡ͸ԽԽǿµתħӡѹС
ɫ΢䣬ŭһٴμ˼ڤǹ
ǹٴθգһͽǹΧ񻷸˿˲ڱУһӴǺޱȵħӡϡ
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ײһĺݣ
ħӡǹĹ߽⿪еɫҲ÷ǳήңҲǳ


747 նɱ
Ұ¶ƣ̬йңֱӴӱ󻯳ӣǧ춯ֱڱеϡ
еһгһ˿͸У˹Ȼͼһ˶ȭͷԼǰƺǰеʱ䶼ڵ
飡
Ұһȭݺݵغ˱еϣиʵıǸҵȥѪĽұģһſѾͷ
⻹Ϊжڤǹ弰ʱĻҰһȭɢͣ
еڤǹٴҰǿԵϢõ÷ҰҲòܿñΪԼӮʱ䡣
пٺˣϸ죬޸ƣݶٴ˳
зóһѲɵһԶУٻָźΪ
ҰűУ¶һ˿Цݣݵóһʥ鵤һ븹УΪ˲ָ۷塣
пɫ࣬˱˰߰˿Ųɵ緽Ұһʥ鵤ã˼Ҿ͸Ƶģʥ鵤¶УΪѾȫָˡ
ҲֻܸɼˣǱĴˣʥ鵤ҲӵУ
ҰɲʱָΪʥ鵤ո븹УҰ͵˱еǰֱӽϲֶ֮˳ݺݵӡ˱еϡ
еΪӦͱҰһķ˳ȥعǶѣ߹ǸȫϣŶȥ
зŭĴϵƻûȫ޸ϾٴܵشƷɵеĲɵҲ޲
˵ˣң㣡ɣҰƲˣڱ֣ܺÿһֶڱһƣıȫѿ
кݺݵҧأԼٴμڤǹֱŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ȫյҰҲҴ⣬ٴζó飬֮һ𱬷Ե֯ݻ۳һɫ֣һסڤǹĹ
ᣬпڤ￿ͬʱдסˣæ
бҰˣΪӽ;ƿˣոոǺķõڤǹһΣȥпıҰնɱ
ҷҰ𣬵Բħ
űеĴУڤе̫ٴθգһɫǿз裬̫գű￿
ǾԣڸڤսķҰһе֮ųɫâ͸һ˲Ϣƺﶼһ˲ɾ㡣
֮ŭն񷣬ƬɫĻһǿȫ磬һѷ޾ޡ
ٴλع鵽̫棬޷֧ԮСзҰţȻ޷κεڤڤҪƹҰȥˣҲǾ޿ܡ
ڱдʱ򣬲Ҳˣٳűг˹ȥ˫ȫ˰֮ɫƺƬ綼£Уֻϲֶ֮һƻҰһƻҰ塣
Ұƶٱסһϲ֣֮µڶʱ򣬵ڶϲ֮Ѿ˷Ұǰ
Ұһӱ󻯳ͭ¯һӽֻϲ֮˽ȥһƵ졣ţͭ¯л淭׽ϲ֮Ϊޡ
ҰԱ˱ɱ֮ģȫתߵ񼼣˲䵽˱ԣٴγűкһȭдѪĽ
ҰһȭһȭڱеϣıӶ˽ȥͷǶ΢΢ˣ⻹ΪڤǹԵʣȻͱҳˡ
бͷŭĵշģ̫ڤǹٴθգ
Ĵڤǹٴθգ͸һɱѹնһƬ䣬ֱϮҰš
Ұױܹ֣ٴڤǹ
ﬣ
ȻҰֳһҫ۵Ľ⣬һ𣬺嫵Ľ⾪Զƶ˲ɢֱնеüģҫ񽣵һؽ⡣
пйڤǹԼǰӭҫ񽣵Ľ˹ȥ
䣡
һĺܵһըȻסһǹĽҲѾ뵽ʶ֮УʱԱ뿪ü͸˿˿Ѫ
ӵȷô׾ܹɱġ޷ԱĻʱ´ˡ
Ұ΢΢üͷٴϡ
ѾӷҰϸܵһвŵεѣ˻ߵĵշģԱ컯飡ʱ군
Ա컯飬ȻĺúõأҪԱԱɣԱ컯ҲκӰ죬㣬ҰЦһٴλӶȭͷڱеϡ
бıףȫûΣеı޷ͷšھ㽫ȫҲټڤǹֻԱ޷˵С
ھͰϣڲڤˣҪԱ컯飬治ҡ
緽ҰԣԱ컯飬Ұû֪һ
ϧڤѾ̫죬ٴμ̫ĻԼҲǳأɲ״̬ȥԷҰڱУܾȵȻȣȻȲˣҲΪ˱жȥ
ϴһϲ֮ͻƷҰ֮󣬷ҰͿصĸ׼ͻƣƶ˻һβ뵽ƶ֮УҲõòٳˡ
οԱ߻иѩܷܷ󣬾˷ҰķҪѩܷܷһأҲһĸо
Ұ屩˱һ٣ıеʶЩȻ֣ҫ񽣵Ľٴնеͷ­
ڤǹ£ϢѾɢҲʱܸӣѾ;ƿݵĵز
ǣҰҪͻڤǹķȥնɱУЩ鷳
㲻Ա컯飬ãҰЦһֱӽõĺڷľ˳ȥڱвŵĿУȻԱ
Ұȫߵ񼼣Ա֮ʱѾӵߣɸоһȻԼϣѹȫǶ֨졣
ԱģѾȫһڶȥ
ڱУͻΪʧӰ٣ֻڤǹǿС
ڤǹ汬һźɫâûգҪ롣
Ұֱӽƶӷٻ˳ݺݵУڤǹ˳еڤǹеҰƶһ˽ȥ
ӿеҺŻΪޡ
һ콾ʹ䣡


748 ս
е걻Ұǿޣֻʣñٻƶ֮УҰ
ڤǹһٴδ̴գû˽ȥһɺ嫵ղ˲Զȥ
ҰûٴڤǹȻǣǶкǿԣµĺ֣Ұ޷ڤǹ
ڤǹڣ㾹Ȼɱ˱Уڤϲ𾪡
е̫죬ܷǳ˽⣬֪ĺôϾ͵ӵ˲֮벻лǱҰնɱˡ
ɱ˸ȻԱ컯飬ҲǸǷ죬ն
ҰӰվһ˫ĿɨڤĮĵڣֵˡ
ڤЦշģոնɱУѾֶξˣʲôʸ棿Ľգļգ
ҰǷһ˿Цһһʥ鵤ſ븹У˲ָ۷״̬սĵɣ
ڤͲն΢΢鴤£ҰղŸѩܷܷһʥ鵤ԼѾһʥ鵤ַһʥ鵤ⷽҰϵ׻жٿŰƷǵʥ鵤⻹ô
ڤͲһۣҲɱݣħ콾е콾˭ҲΪԼڷҰ
ο˹սҰҲĿԽҰնɱ
ȻǰƷʥеʥ鵤ãЧҲ½죬
ϻ˵ɱҰһһ档
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ҰѾԹһ֪ϲַ֮ǳ£ʱҲٸӲƴֱӽƶ˳ȥ
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ҰƲˣһ̫һ̫ӡٴγŲӡ˹ȥ
ӡεħӡǾͲ̫Զˣ顣
һһִֶݺݵسŷҰӡ˹ȥ
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ҰԵۻǱڤǹһ˿ǵҲڤǹ̴ɢ
ҰһüлһƬƬþ¥캮ضҽѪɽֽԣȵȣֻ渡֣˲ӡڲüС
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͸һɺ嫵ɱһֻصĸݺݵӡҰ
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ڷҰĿ£޾۳һɣݺݵŲɱ˹ȥ
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749 ѹ
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ӰڰϵƬըƬմȾһɫѪǳǱ
Ұոշǵ׵̫󣬱ȷҰȫһҪǿʮ컯ס˷ҰһҲֿ񱩵˺ѿһ˿ڣֵķǳѡ
ҰͲңңҰ¶һЦЦı飬ĵڿҪҵ벻㻹컯ˡ
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ϲֵ֮ȷǷҰʮڲ˫ҲƬƬѣҲɴȫѣֿš
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ŲеĻȪڤ֦ˢ£ؼȻһϢֳһƬȪڤԽԽʵƺһƬȪڤڿ
ؼֻʮŸ컯飬بŲ㲻ÿһ컯鶼иеÿһ컯鶼Ƕһ޶ģÿһ컯鶼򵥡
Ұ˸űɱٴӱ󻯳һӣԽϵ֮ǧ޵˻Ӳ֮еƬȪڤ߽⣬ɢС
ҰԵģȻӦ컯ĻûʲôѶȡ
ʱ򣬲ϲֵ֮ˣһֻ޴ֶµĴѹձҰ·
ҰֱӴӱ󻯳һ챦ƿֻһ˽ȥɷ򷭹ֻ֡
飡
ϲֵ֮챦ƿ֮УҲ챦ƿڵĿռУ챦ƿ˿ֻϲ֮Ҳ챦ƿޡ
ٴγ֣ҰĮ۱㲻УΪ㲻У۵㻹ǲУڣɣ
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ʱ򣬲Ȼһ£֪Ұס컯飬ҪԼɱˡ
ת䣬ͼһΡƶѹ
˵ҲǱУԱ컯飬ãƴ컯鲻ҪҪƶشһĨ׺֮ɫȪڤ֦汬һϢȻ˻Ȫڤ֦ķ˲䵽ƶǰ

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һ˲˹ƶƶı壬ǷҰԵģģ
ʱһƶѹ£ΧֳһϢûƺһѹ䣬𷴿ͷ
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Ұ˳ֽܻƽľڣ߿֮£ѾĨ˲µľӡ
ƶƶת궼׽СȻѾƶǲҪԱˡ
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ѩܷܷŲȾɫƣ˪ӰȻʣһɫı˪ƺҪǿƵģݺݵشǱ棬һ졣
һƬɫħѪͷҲصû뵽մѷУ̫֮˲ʧӰ١
ҰϧڤԼ뵽̫֮УȻˡ
Ұն˱У˲ʱҲڤѩܷܷڤ޹ֻȥˡ
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ն˱У˲ҰҲһ
ҰӰһѩܷܷһһѽѩܷܷ§뻳УĵЩһ߹·֮أǿˡӽԺ󣬲ǧգһ
ѩܷܷ¶һ˿죬ЦҲ㲻ʲô߱Ƭ·ҵջҲǳࡣʮһ֮֮أȫħеصأҿû취߱ħ壬ԺҾ㡣
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ҰһѩܷܷԼߣ¶һĨõЦݣһС
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750 ջ޴
Ұѩܷܷһ𣬷صʮ֮Уһ·ϣҰѩܷܷЩľ˽˲١
ѩܷܷ·ڶ֮أΣҲԲ٣ź˪ӰͲ׷£λΪģĵҲзǳİ
Щ֮УѩܷܷʮһǿУһֵĺɫжɢһϢһ޵Ϣ
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Ұ΢ѩܷܷԵĹֲ²⣬µĹ
ħйأȸͥĴУĴУ
ߴǹϵ³ж貵ۼǵĴӵϵѹ
ݷҰ˽⣬ߴʱͬһʱҲȺ֣֮ڼǧꡣ
ֻǣߴʱڵ̫ңԶҰҲ˭˭²ͥ𣬻Ǿһ
ҰĥŹףǲҲеһλߵǰ׻ϸ񣬵÷ҰЩɻ
ҰԿ϶ŹףһЩ鹬ֻȴ²͸Ź׵
Ұлһɻ˹㺮ѩ˷ѩ˰˾칬бι鹬ħȵȣΪǶҪ¹̬ʲôԵʣ
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ѩܷܷľҲĵȻոͻƵʥ磬̺ǿѾһЩʥˣɢֿʸá
ҰľҲѩܷܷǲѣеı仯ѩܷܷ𶯣һΣڣ޷ԮĲ١
Ұ˵ɱħʱѩܷܷĲţ˵Լһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬߿ǵ˲û
ҰҲ뵽ԣһֱûж˵
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òѹ죬ڶഫ˵˶̧ͷͽֽδյͷҲòͷġ
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ڷҰԺУֳһ԰ƣһĮӲѹݺݵӡޱߴϣʱʬȾѪƺǳͷϲƵģ
Ұѧϰϲ֣֮ϲֱ֮ʮ֮һûС
ҰһַǳԵĸоϲ֮ڲжδݻ£ϲ֮ݻ˼£˫ֱͽֽȫյ
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Ҳ޷ϲ֮ݻ£ǽδյҲʲô£
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Ұ˶ʮھ쵶ɱ䣬һھϾ͸ѩܷܷѩܷܷõѩܷܷ𶯣һֲŵĸо
ѩܷܷϾΪúھΪ˵Ǿǲ顣
ѩܷܷƴǣҰԵֻҪ¯һΣ׬ȡЩھˣѩܷܷ¡
ѩܷܷźھ뵽ε֮УҰʮָߵҳӣû֣ڶʿ
Ұļ۸ϻȡһŵҩһºٳ۵ҩ
Ұʮʿʹ·ʮеڶʿ׼˲ϣĵȺŷҰˡҰӸոչҳȥǼջͱΧ˸ˮйͨǿ߶׷ϲϣ뷽Ұ
һ֮󣬷ҰٴھϾ࣬ҰԼһھʣµھħͻˡ
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ѩܷܷ뵽֮УҰҲǰУԼͰ׻Ҳ뵽ħӡ֮Уʹħӡٴࡣ
ңҰϲֵ֮ҲԽԽϤĶԵֶζ˲١
֮ѩܷܷأ˶Ϊɲ⡣
ʱ֮УҰҲͽһھΪУӽǧ͸ѹ춯ء


751 һȭ
ѩܷܷأҰһڿջǰĴòͣ˵̸ۣҲһ
Ұǰڴ˴òѱϤڶò֮˼Ұ͸Ŀ⡣
Ұ⼸Ҳûò̸ͣЦûЩʥļӣƽ׽ˣ˽̸Ҳܻʲô˵һЩ飬ҰʱʱҲϼ仰Ƶġ
˲ûΪҰǵʥȥܻʲô˿ҰĿޱȵ֮⣬˴֮佻̸ǲûй˼ʲô˵ĵһϢ÷Ұ𶯲ѡ
ճԷ죬ճʥΪմȾκεȭͷ˵һȭ򷨣ɳΪ˽ܣһӴ̾
ҰѩܷܷһۣĿжǳ𾪣ο
ҰοЦСӵҼʿ֮ģĳɾҶЩˣܹĵдȷŶ֮Сǳˡ
ѩܷܷҡͷЦ껵ʵȷǲ޿ɲʶʥˣҸоգǰ˰
ҰЦ껵־͵ģѾɳˣ첻أĳɾʥҵǶδǳڴ
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ҰĿԶԶƺ͸գٴοǸȾѪСɽ塣
Ұ껵ׯ껳صһ¾ҰҰҲ⣬Ұ飬ҲֻԼ
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Ұѩܷܷ΢Ұʼ磬Цǻǵ͹Сˣ񲻳֣ʥʶκβˡ
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ҰЦҲһȼ棬ȥ֡
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Ұ뵽СһĻСҲ²һЩЩڴĵСĳɾδ껣δʵڽһɱ䡣죬򶼻𶯣
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곯ŷҰ𾴵һۣЦ껵ҵǻ˽һЩ˵껾Ƿʥͽ֮һҲ֪Ǽ١
˵ĿⶼڷҰϣҰ˾ٱЦ껵ȷҵĵͽܣɸλ̧ˡ
жʱȻմﵽ˶㣬һҰĿӳ羴ˡ
һδվֱӳŷҰһ룬֮⣬ĵʥ㻹ͽ֣һ·ƣѾʮ˹أնɱħ콾ͽ껸ճҰʦͽҾһ룡
ʥͽܿɸˣҲǸҲ˾룬ŷҰ¾
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Լͽ⣬ҰʦҲǳˣѩܷܷ⿴ǳЦҲֹ
Ұƽ׽˵̬ȣõôеڶʥͶеǳУҲſĻոǸ꼤ĵʥͽ֣·Ϻħ壬ͽѹ˸棬ӦûиͽܰɣͽܹҲɣ
ҰЦЦʦڸˣܹȡõĳɾͣҪԼҵĶͽС죬Щ궼ڱչأʱأҲ
Ľʥ˷Ƿͽǻ壬Ž񺱼ͽһȭ򷨣ǰδУĽ
Ұֵ㵹˵ˣ֣ʵȷռƣ껵ʣҼʣκԵӦܹߵڣԼŬλʺûӰճɾ͵һ֣ǾԣֻҪλŬУҲضзǷɾͣ
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ҰʹһЦλҲ˵ҵ⼸ͽˣ˵һ˵ɣұչصʱ䲻ˣ治̫
еǻ淢˼飬ֻħ˻Դսʮλ콾ȫնɱҰ֮ӭսԴӲֻ֮ţսҹӲǻԴѹĲٳ֮Ǹٴ˵˳
Ұһ˵˵ȥ껵顣Сӣεǳһѷͷ֣Ҫָ֪ôˡ
ԱЦ껵ȷǸ˹⣬ĵҲ˲ٵ顣һħʥʽ֣˫ս˸ƽ֣Ҳһ¡
쾧ѩնɱʹҺʥսʹ쳶ħ廹ɱ֮̾Ϣһ
ҰѩܷܷһۣĵˣҶȥġ
ѩܷܷΪȻĵ˵ͷҶռ컯еĴԴź쾧ѩ֮󣬾ԲŹġ
İս̫ħ˻ǣʮˣǡԨ֣챦ƿİǴսһԸȥ˵һϢ
ҰԵͷ챦ƿԨУܷӳǿ챦ƿİҲΪһ
ԨϤԾԨսԨ˸˽⣬ò̫ΰ꣬еĿ˿콾
⣬Ԩս֮ʱҰǴϿһֿı׳ǴβŻԼûпˡ
ƶԾħ˻ңͭ¯棬ѣȾѪ˫˫ˡ˵һϢ
ħ漤ˣõж³ȡ
˵һϢʮĳħأ˿һѪȾħɽ͸ħԺԾ춯ء
Ұ΢뵽˵˵ĻһѪȾħɽɱɷ͸һ޶Ӵĵϡ
ӦþǴ˿Եħɽˡ
ѪȾħɽҰЩڴǸȥʮˡ


752 Ѫ
Ұѩܷܷûʮ֮оǻգ̤뵽·ʮء
ʮʥ͵ǰϡ˲٣Ҳֻǧ˵ӣǵʵȴǰеЩʥҪǿöࡣ
ҰѩܷܷһʹȾѪħɽķλֻȴ˵ȾѪħɽڵ򶼷ǳ죬ʥʱĪ䡣
ҰЩŲûʲôη壬ѩܷܷһ𣬳ŴʹٴħһƬǿС
ƬǿжһʺɫƺǿѪƵģһƬһ˵ĹУݼ͸ѹƺܹ˵ľ񶼸ѹƵı
ҰѩܷܷƬǿзãδκһħ壬ӦκϢƺһƬƵġ
֮󣬷ҰѩܷܷͬʱͣΣ˫Ŀ𾪵Զ
ԶѪɫǿУһƬȾѪħɽΡȻѪɫǿУƺب֮ǰͣƵģ͸һɺĪܡ
ȾѪħɽ֮У͸һɾ춯صħԣһ־µԣ֯ɱɷ
ϸӦ֮£ܸӦһ޶ӴĵϣƺħɽǴƵġ
໡
ȻһĲҺ𣬷ҰңңһħɽȻըһʺɫѪҺ䣬ħɽ֮ϣ͸һŨѪϢ
ҰѩܷܷһۣжЩ𺳣ոǸӽʥǿߣȴϢը鿪ʵ䵽׳һʲô
ҰҪȥھħɽ￪ʱףֹס˽Ų
ѩֱܷܷӽ˪Ӱ˳߸ͷо֣ħɽйŹ֣⻹û͸оڵѪܿƵӿƺҪըƵģǧҪСġ
ҰͷոҲͬĸоڵѪʥĵѹ춯Щѣ÷ҰҲǳ⡣
ں˪Ӱ͸£ҰڷڵѪڻָг˾
⵽һʲôȻܹϢѪ壬ʥ綼ѹƵס
Ұֱٻħеɻѯ˳
ħʶովѣ;׳ѿڵѪ
Ұɫ΢ɻѯʳѪʲô
Ұӵħ飬ѩܷܷҲ֪ʱҲ¶ȵɫȻû˵ʲôѪ
ħ΢΢Щ͵Ѫ˵ǴѪҺħѪĸԴഫѪ֮ʹڵ컯ͬһȴ컯黹Ҫȴ󲿷Ҫö࣡
컯飬֮Ψʮ֣ÿһֶΨһģبŲ࣬㲻б컯Ķ˵ˡѩܷܷ¶һ˿ţʵ޷ʲô컯顣
ħǵȻ෱࣬Ѫֻһ֣֮ǧ󻹻۳ѪȴһһΣ˾Զ۳ˣ
Ұ˿Һ˫ĿĵѪʲôô
ħĬƬ̣ŵѪһû˵˭ܹõڴѪĹЧ֮еһֲ²⣬õѪɱԽ֮Ĳ಻𣡻·ͷһйϵҲö֪
ҰмѪܹɱԽ֮ѪļֵȷԶ󲿷ˡ
ҰַӦ˹׷ʵ˵û˵˭õô¶Ҳ޷õִѪ𣿡
ħ֪鱦ͼȡ޹֮ȡҲʧˡ֮֮ȡȻδܳɹһǿд뵽˴ѪȴҲδܳɹˡħħ֣ҲûеõħλӦҲδܵõ
Ұѩܷܷ̲סһħ˵Щ飬ȫѹŵĴڣǶ޷õĴѪʲôĲ֮
ҰЩ𺧵ĵѪʲô֮񶼲ˣ󣡡
ħѪħѪԴѪȾħɽһȻγɵĴѾԽ񼶴󣡱˵ʥ֮סˣһ飬⣬ҲѪȾħɽħɽѪɲ٣
ҰѩܷܷӿЦΪԼײ˸û뵽ȴֻܿǰ׸һ
ħ̾ϢһѪħɽ޷ɽ⣬ƣֻҪͻ֮ΣȰǻǾ뿪ɡ
ʱҰǵɵ𣺡˵ϼһ˭˵޷ɽⰡ˭˵ɽư
ҰһЩڴĵ飬ǲܹħɽ֮У
ӰڷҰϣͳֳһɫ⻪ľл𲻶ĵǵȻˣؼ仹ûʲôܹסңȻĻ˹ġ
ħߵСӣٴţڶ鶯õطֶ̫ˣب˿룡û㣬طɲܴģıƶȻҲᱻ
ħԣҰϽס˻飬֣صĵ飬ڿɲǳܵʱ򣬴ѪǴҪģĳ飬Ǻڶˡ
˵ɵģҰǸħһЩΨֻ顣
ŵЦϴͷİɣѾĸӦˣûκӰ죬͵ƺðɣ
黰δ䣬ͻΪһɫâٳȾѪħɽ˲û˽ȥ
СӾȻĽȥˣħ𾪡
ҰѩܷܷһۣҲЩ𾪣һЩǡ
ڶϵĸ鶼޷ƿȻ龹ȻȥˣǶǳ벻ͨҲĻʲôΣա
ܿ죬ħ뵽ʲôѿڵԭ׻ˡ
Ұ΢𣬿ѯʵ鲻ƶǲǻʲô״̬ô¶ǲǸתйأ
Ұͻɻ״̬תйأʱħֱӾ뵽˾ת񵤡
ħƽ̾˿ȷһžת񵤣ŽΨһǿžת񵤣ֻ뵽ƶ֮УΪƶһŹֵ顣δѹϣϣߵһ
Ұħȷ˻ֻȴ˸ɻ
ħǾĪĻ÷Ұܵһı˵齫³̫á
鵽׻Ұǵѯʳ
Σ˭Ҳ˵Ƴһžת񵤣ܶһ١ħָֻƽ
Ұһ⻪ת񵤣Ƴ


753 ħ
ʱƣҰоǰѪɽеħ֮ɢ࣬ɱɷӿ
֮һɫ⻪ѪȾħɽпٳ˷ҰǰԻһƬɫ⻪ǻ顣
ϵɫ⻪ҷһһɫСʨӣո¶ӰͼĴгϴһˣ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ѯʵû˰ɣ
ë׵Դҡεͬ˹ƵģĴЦϴ󣬷İɣشһκβң㿴ʲô
˵ţڻצиֳƶı塣
ƶ֮УʮʺѪҺţÿһζӨޱȣ̺ǧϢƺıԴ
ʮδѪ֮͸һԵħԺһϵħԣħͬԴ÷ҰоһŨ׺
Ѫ
ҰһӾȷˣ˵е鶼޷õĴѪ
˵ӵдѪܹĳԽ飬ҰҲǳ
ϴȥɣܴ󷽵ĵݸҰ
ҰӹƶЦŵ飬ִѪҲðɣһһΣʣµСں֣ǡ
ϴڵ״̬⣬û취ʹÿˡ
ıǾת񵤣֪ιƶΪһˣָҰ״̬ȷ̫ˡ
Ұͷ˻ԡ
ţҰҪѴѪҪȷָѩܷܷһΣ֪ʮδѪȴ˴˳һƶӿ˳
ʮδѪȻݣȴ޷ֿ
ħȻڵСӣΪ֮ʮΪѡȻҲŴѪĶʮδѪͬԴǻõģѪҲֻԼʹá
Ұ΢΢£ȫûϵ鷢
ѩܷܷҲȰʮδѪ޷ֿ̺ħ֮ûħõҲûá
Ұ¶һ˿ЦѪ۷Ҫָλһʹã֪س֮ʱ͵޷ֿ
ħֵСӣȻǼλ鶼ѡ㣬ϼ縺δʧԥˣħλӦʮδѪǾ˭Ҳòˣħɽеı仯ܿͻᱻħλӦ뿪ˣʮδѪ
ѩܷܷҲŷҰͷ΢Цַ֧ҰʮδѪ
߿˳Ұ˵Ϣȫ
ҰҲԥƶյڣѩֱܷܷۣߵת˼£˲ϢǧܿʹƬгһ嵽֮⡣
߿ϢҰµϢҲڵһɶ
Ұ½ƣͽ뵽ԼУƶóһڽʮδѪһ븹С
ѩܷܷ۵Сۣ챧Թһû˵꣬ϴͱչˣεõĿɲǴѪ
ѩܷܷһȵɫĵ㻹õʲô
Ц۾ˣĵһǧھϵ컯еϢѪ
ѩܷܷɴ˫ۣ˼ĵھôôࣿϢѪ
صĵȾѪħɽֱһɽӡŴѪĵطܼˣĺھ಻ʤȡһǧھҲֻкСһ֣ҪǵĵȲһȡһЩһһٽȥȡģû뵽ϴô졣ϢѪ֮ϲҪɣ
ѩܷܷȻвɫֵˣˮ֮壬ϵ컯鲻ȤҲûãŸҰɣʱ
ħͻȻ𣺡ҰСӱչѪ֪Ҫòܳء飬ھҲҪɱˡ
Ϊ֮ᣬߵǰ˵ֻҪٶھܹɱ𣿺ϴ󻹸üʮھʨŴڣƭҲɣ
ħЦٶھҲɱ䣬ھɱ֮󽫻һ¥ϻ˵ϽɣôھҲò
˰죬ջǶħھħԼȥȥˡ
ߺߵħ;żҪɱˣҲŬˡɩھȻϴ½֮ҲȥɡϴѪ֪ᵽʲôʱء
ѩܷܷھû취ɱˣѩܷܷھɱɣС
ĺھ̫ףѩܷܷҲûи
ҡͷϴѣһɱ䣬ô˵ˣھ㡣
齻ѩܷܷھ֮Ҳʼھ
ڷҰ뿪󲻾ãһ嫵ԽնѪȾħɽϣƬ֮󣬴һɻħɽ࣬ѵȡ˴Ѫɣ
ţǵ嫵ʼǵصϯԲǧǿն븲֮С
һӣԲǧڵ龡Ա𣬲黹ħǿߣͨʿʵǿʥȫְԵ֮
Բǧһҽжûһ˲һƬݼŵ黯ΪޣƬǿնһƬ嫵
ûдѪϢѵǸӦˣǵɻ˵һ䣬ٴûȥ
Ұ֪ԼѾҶһ٣ѾԼпʼƴʮδѪˡ
ʮδѪ븹Ұ͸еԼһһ𣬷ÿһ缡
ֿԵ֮£Ұ͸оԼҪѿƵģϲһƬƬɫƬͷҲһǡ
ƹħͬʱתڵĴѪ
Ѫ̫ңҰÿһѪڴѣǹɰԵ֮¿飬ǿȲš
ҰѾʱ䣬ȫʮδѪӾӨ財ţҰı쵶ܵӰ죬ǿɢҫ۵â
ʱ䣬ҰŽʮδѪϣˢһ˫ۣ͸һɰԵħ֮
ħ壡Ұ³֡
ʮδѪ֮󣬷Ұȫɱħ壬Ȼ廹ҪǿڻݷǧħƵġ
ϸ˵ҰûʮδѪֻںʮδѪ󲿷Ѫݷڡ
Ҳ÷Ұɱħ壬ǿȱȸ߼ʥҪǿֱ׷
⻹ûȫѪԵʣΪӶѪһ죬ᳬԽ֮
õôĻ쵶쵶ǷҰıβɱ䣬ҲԽ˸߼ʥЩ࣬뷽ҰǿȲࡣ
ˣҰڵҲ۳˾ǧŰپʮֻһͿ̤ʥʾ磡


754 ľ
Ұ߳Ƭ֮ѩܷܷͳǰǳǳһЦʧɫͬȪѪˣ
Ұ飬Цʱ࣬ڽѪڣѾȸ߼ʥˣֻǴѪһû취ȫգֻܵԺˡ
˵Ұֹһ˿ȵɫĵҲǧ˰ɣôô죿
ѩܷܷǳЦǰǴΣչص̫죬黹û˵ͱչˡ˵ħɽ֮лĺھһǧԼİھħɱ䣬Ҳ֮ܽ졣
Ұ¶һ˿ȵɫҲû뵽ħɽ֮оȻôĺھԺҪȱٺھʱ򣬵ǿûһˡ
ѩֵܷܷ黹дϵ컯еϢѪ˵Ҫ֮㴦ˡ
Ұɫ΢һϢѪС
һѪɫĸƺѪɣ͸һɺ嫵ĴɣسۻԵ
ҰϢѪ𣬵Ц벻СӵǻŪ˲ٺöϢѪƿռ֮ˡⶫҶҪ
ʱҰһüһ⣬żüг˳ɢһɺ嫵Ĵɡ
ľżѾɱ
лżдһ翵ŷҰл
ҰЦ
żٴλص˷ҰüУҰоżħкܴ
ħӵǣǸ֣żȴֻһЩ򵥵Ķʵ̫ˡ
˵żеǣֻ֮ʣ²ˣǶûУҲǼйء
ħɱ֮УҲڳ˯Ұûдǣѩܷܷһ𣬳ʮظ˹ȥ
ոս뵽ʮ֮УҰʹһ𾪵Ϣ
ǰȾѪħɽΧǧǿһӱһƬ򣬲ʿħǿߣȫĸɸɾһ
ҰѩܷܷһۣжЩ¡Ƕ²ӦħλʼˣҿħģȻҲѾˡ
Ǹħʼ챮ѹ޾¶ܹ챮ȫԿɼΪѾԽһ顣
ǸȼĴڳ֣˵ǷҰˣʥߣҲû˿֮
Ұѩܷܷʮ˸¥ЪţҲ˲ϢÿһϢܴĺ䶯
иʥ̾鹬ʮؽһ֣ܿʧˣϹȥİӺľʲôûеõİǴսһձԨˣ֮ҡ
ʮ߹رҶնɱ쾧ѩ˵һϢ
Ұʼ磬쾧ѩںеʱ򣬾ѾµҶȥȻûгԤϡ
ͷҰ֪ҶѾۼڶĴ֮
ҰδսҶʱҶϾľϵĽҶնɱ˽̵ɳõϼ·˵Ҷδʥ֮ʱ׷ɱһʥͰ˱̻
ҶִӺõ쾧ѩ֮ͻ֣ϻ컯飬˾졣
иʥĽĵĴŵĴҲ̤·Ӣڣڵ߹صһ֮أõϵ컯еĿݹ׹Ҷ߹Ѿǿ߹ˣȴ˵õ컯飬˻ǿ
ҰһϢɫ΢΢Щ𶯡
ϵ컯֮У̻ҶУľͽ𻨶ڻУ֦ԨԱˣڻУȸڷҰУϵ컯Ѿȫˡ
ķڵºһǰд飬ڶʥȥأҲһϲ¡˵
ϢҰѩܷܷһۣѩܷܷɫ΢΢Щ죬Ұסѩܷܷ֣ЦȵصҲ顣
ѩܷܷޣ˵ͷ峺г⡣
иʥͶŲ豭ʮĵĳٴħУڶľУʮ¶Ρ
ţһʥͱ鼤˵˳ȻǶľ
Ŷô¶˶׷ѯʡ
Ǹʥ͸пĵλӦ˵ǰ䶯Ǽ˰ɣʮصʥ߷Ҫѹľľߣľ֣һ¾ǵնʥʣʥдˣɱ˺պʥҲٲˡ
ʲôľΪʥˣ˵Ϊʥ֮ǰй¶ʦʥʣǷ֪ʲô̲סѯ˳
Ǹʥ͵Ͳ´ˣľδΪʥʣ
˶δΪʥʾնʥʣֱ顣
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Ұãû˵콾֮˭̤ʥʾ磬ʥ磬Ҳô׾̤ȥġ
ʮͣգҰٴο¯ȫǺ䶯
һº󣬷ҰȡھϾʮƸ
Ұѩܷܷûʮ֮о·뵽ʮ֮С
ո̤ʮأѩܷܷɫ΢΢ЩĵҸӦɫϢ
ȥҰһ⣬ܸɴ˵˳
˴̫ԶʹˣȫϹȥѩܷܷ˵һ䣬뷽Ұٴʮг˳ȥ
ѩܷܷԺ뵳һԲ£¸ֳһɫƣٶȿ쵽£߸˹ȥ
Ұߵ񼼣ҲΪɣһֱѩܷܷߡ
Ƭ֮󣬷Ұ㿴ɫ
ɫ֣ƺʱ䳤дƵģ͸һϢһ޶嫵Ϣ
Ұֹһɫ⻪Լɫпһͷɫһû
ư磬ŬԿ
Ұ΢ܷܷˮ֮ԣ
ѩܷܷͷ͸һɾˮϵǺɫȻһѩܷܷ˽ȥѩֻܷܷüһ仰ҳ
Ұҵ㣡
ɫѩܷܷ˲ûգҲ¶ֺʧӰ١
ڷҰѾܹȷɫһĴڣѩܷܷ浹ǲʲôΣգҲ


755 ʥʿ
ѩܷܷɫҰ˸ݼٴαչأҪ˻ͻƵʥʾ硣
Ұ½ƣصԼУ뵽ε֮С
֮󣬷ҰأĵھΪֻȴٳ޷̤ʥʾ磬˿ͷ
ͻҲҪԵҰǲټͻƣתƵԼĵ
º󣬷Ұ뵽ħӡ֮Уʹħӡ֮жһɱ֮ƺƵġ
Ұ֮󣬸뷵ʮأ͸ӦԶһɺƴƺǿڴս
ҰҲŷʮأĬߵ񼼣Ŵսĵط˹ȥ
Ƭ֮󣬷Ұͼ˽֮ˣһǵڵھӭս̣ĶǸħħ壬ӵڶĿܹ
Ұûмħ壬ǵһʱħݣħʮеĿ
Ŵ½Űľϰǵ׷ɱ˳ȥ
ôȥˣûҲ׵ʥ硣žŸܣҲӵʥսȻʥô࿰ʥĿܼѹҲǳ޴
ſĹɱгݺᷭȴҲǱѹģͻƵĻᶼûС
ҰûΣһϢսɱ˹ȥ
ӦҰĵһаЦģ
һٴγŸܣŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ЩܣҰİ
Ÿȫ貵ɣÿһ϶Ÿϵ뷽Ұõľϵħһޣ
Χ£ľŸܣȻǿЩܶӵſʥսһѹֱܶƬʱ⵹
ŸӭսҰŸΧ̣ڱ¶ľʮ˸ʥĽܣսܹˡ
ЩܣԷҰá
Ұٳ嵽ǾŴߣ˫ȫΪ񣬳ǰĿĻȥƺ̺һƴ޾֮Ƶġ
䣡
һƴ촫ǰǸܱҰһĵķ飬дһɾ޴ϯ˷˺ʯ
Ұһƾ˿һ߽ܣõÿȻ£ѿڵϲ֣֮ǷҰ
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ҰͬͻȺ˫ÿһĻһ䣬Ƭ֮ǾŸܶҰĵȫѿ
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æջضս̵ЩܣԼӭս̣ʣµĿٴγŷҰɱ˹
Ұҡͷʥ㲻ϵĿܣ˵˿вԶûУ̧֮䣬ܱΪ촷ۡ

Ȼǿŭȳʣµ߸ܶȻԱ
߸ʥĽԱ͸߸ʥԱҲ̫ˣƬնը̮ɺڶһ޴ʯ顣
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߸ܵԱȻҰƤûƿֺ
Ŀɿڴȫ޷š
߸ܣȫӵſʥսһԱƣʥҲ˱ᣬⷽҰڱըģȻһûˣ⻹˵
Ұ˿𾪣˲䵽˿ǰĻ˹ȥ
ӿͻȻֳһƬӨӨĽҶƬ͸һķϢһӴϢǽϵ컯еӨҶ
Ұϲֺ֮ݺݵӡӨҶϣӨҶϲ֮ҲԵĽÿºѪ˰ɲͣ
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ȾѪ˿ңֱͦŷҰͷллѳ
Ұ˳Ӹһʥ鵤ˣΪ󣬿
̽ӹҩ۾ɴӳƷʥ鵤ˣҲ̫ƴ˰ɣ
ҰҲôģٴζߵ񼼣ٳڿǰ
ִ̧һ⻪ŭշģ̫ձʶҿǿֶΣʼģʥʿܣ
ǵ⻪ٱɸͷǵħ壬ϲɫƬŨĻϢ
ʥʿ͸һѹصĸƣʥҲȥѹƬǿն֨죬ƺƬصƵġ
Ұһս⣬ЦúãһҸʥʶսһ
ҰܵĳǸʥʿܹɱ˹ȥϲֶ֮δãҪԼħ嵽ǿʲôز
䣡
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۾ֱˣҰʥʼӲһȻ˿·磡
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ҰڤħĶԻСڣСڳϴ󣬻ǰ̤йأҸоһħ壡
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Ǹ磬ʼ޷Ǹصʲô
ҰʱҲٶ룬ʮ߹ؿ¯ֵ֮õİٶھ
ҰԼ°ھʣµĺھȫ͸СڣСڷҰԼͻơ
СҲûƿ׽٣絹ǲʲôӰ졣
ҰԼҲ뵽ԼУʥҩնϣС
ʥҩͨɢźھĹ⻪һͷغУһ־ˮϵ
Ұڰھϣһڽʥҩ븹Уʱоһɱˮϵӿ
ҰԺͻأĸֳһغĺƴ棬žͱһɫӡڷҰԺ
ҰľȫЩɫ֮У糱ˮ㽫ҰҰȫĵĸӦ䴫С
֮󣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣӰ֣˸һɫĴ͸һɾˮϵ
Ұ̧֣һƬڵһƬɫӿϲŭֱ־ӳ£֯һƬޱ޼ʵĿຣĵĿ޷԰Ρ
䴫е񼼣ޱ߿ຣ
Ұޱ߿ຣ񼼣أ̤뵽ʮ֮С
·ʮأһزԻ䣬ʮŹǷʥʲ룬󲿷콾ʮС
ҰǸӦ˲˵Ϣ׾졢īӰԨˣҲڡ
ҰûԼϢ˸ӦҰϢ֮󣬶ŷҰ˹
ҰˣҾ֪ˣһſĴЦһɫ׵磬ٵ˷Ұǰص˷ҰһȭϹ˸˵Цݡ
ˣ㶼ûôȥҰĴЦŻӦĳļ
ףҰ㾹Ȼͻˣ쵽г𾪡
ҰͷЦҡ
̫ûˣշʧʮ꣬һ־ʥˣǲҲʧһʱ䣿һԹīӰ΢ֵڰУӰ֣ƺʱʧƵġ
׾졢ԨҲһǳˡ
죬飡Ұһӣǰľ¥


764 ʮŹ
ڶ콾һãѾԻ̸£̽δ
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ҰϧȥҰƣʥȡľģû뵽ƽˣ֪ʲôʱܹء
ԨŷҰ֣ǵõھصͭķʥʣǰʱͭըʥת̤񾳽磬䡣
Ŷô¶ҰȵѯʳǰͭеǿߣҰЩϤͱͭ׸ɵˣҿǼǡ
ҲԨȻҲʼĩ
ԨЦħȻӦƬضںλʥڶɰ١ĸӦʮĥ̡ͭ¯ֻ֮ŵϢħǰսеİүӡ콾ϸڵһλںͥһλֳ÷ʥʰȻ׵˰񾳽硣
˶ͻƵ񾳽羹Ȼ黯Ƕء
ҰüͷȻħҸͻƵʥʵʱնڤħһƻ˵ڶѹĶֻǵ꣬ǵı嶼һĵطи²⣬ҸоЩħħӦöƣ޷
˶ɴ۾ŷҰʥ֮һħһ״̬µħҰȷ̫ǿˣ
ҰĲ²Ҳ˷ǳ𶯣ǲħЩħʲô飬ֻҪЩħƣ˵ĺ¡
Ұڤħ飬ҰڤħĶԻ˵˳˶оħһıֻȴҲ²͸ħ嵽ʲô
ģֻвϵΪڽսħ֮ʱӳá
ҰΪڶ콾¯Ȼʮй£ھ
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СѣþòҾ֪Ҳ̤ʥʾ磬ٶȿɹİЦӭ˹
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͸һɽӲӵ񻪣дǧľ֣ѹ
ɫɢľˣü絶ޱȣһϮɫ°ŷҰЦηʮ겻㾹Ȼɳĵزǽɽ콾
λǰˣҰЦӦ
;ҲҰ٣㷽ҰҲʥʣλǰҰǷǳ𾴵ġ
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ҰҲ飬ЦŵǾ͹ˣ磬磡
ҰҾ֪㲻˭ȥһۻĴЦҶ˷ҰǰгЦ⡣
Ҷһִ֣ԴʲôͣҰսڡ
Ҷû˵󳾴һ˳˫һ峺Цʱħɱֽɣ֮Ҫսȵħ֮˵ڻǰֵɡ
Ұս⣬ɻĵҲڤħ˵ճͣô¶챮ѹ򻹲𣿡
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νļǷѾĻ۳Ĵ磬Щ˴ľ
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˵ʮ֮У˳ΪǴ˼飬ΪһƬµ磬ΪħȦף˵֮Ǵģһ㡣
Ұ뵽˾˵ϣ·ͷ˵ӦþʮأǷʲô
޾ڶ콾ӴĲִһ·սìͷֱָؾͷ
·ͷʲôܣ
һħ壡
뵽СڵĲ²⣬Ұ΢ĵи²⣬ȴҲҿ϶
ĽѾǲ֮ħ٣ǿŴУ޷ƣ
Ҫ취ȹνѣ顣ⳡѶ޷ȹĻҲÿʮصˡ
ʮеڶʥʶΪħ׼ţתŴɵǿߣӰա
ħ֮£ò취ԼΪ
Ҫǣħٵ֮ǰﵽͻưٽ㣬ʱһͻƵ񾳽磬ǿڶħս
ھŴе飬붼Ǹ
ڶʥߣеѼеıչѼеǿΪãԸԵķѰѡ
ҲûʸʮأҰûʮ𡢾µ˸ǣŴʹ󷵻콾
ҰͻƵʥʾ磬ѼҶ꣬ȥٿ


765 ֮
Ұ֮У콾ſڣٴμ˰ء
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ѾͻƵʥ磬ǸŰ벽鰲ģ콾лһλ벽鼶ϸڵĳɾͣҰҲ⡣
׵ѣּˡҰЦشк
ͻƵʥʾˣصĿ𾪡
һӣһ뵣һƯİŮŷҰһöϲͻƵʥʾ磡
ҰЦŰ˰֣׵ϸͰǰ·˵أȥݷ¡
صȴ·콾ȥ
֮󣬷ҰŰһӵԺУԶԶüĿİڸһɷǵƷ衣
Ŷλʩһ񣬾ӯƮ˳ȥ
ҰǸɷǵˣƺǧǳ𣬾ôʯϣȴû˿Ϣ͸
콾ϸյˣҰǰ˵
ҰݼλǰҰңңŶ˹֡
ЦǺǵĵöˣѵнͦģҲͻƵʥʾˡ
յҲЦŵ˵ͷЦη˵δҪѹЩˣɣζΡ
յ԰գΪҰһ裬Ƣ
Ұ£豭Ʒһڣֱоȫë׶ſ˶ÿ࣬ƺ뵽ĳľ֮УΪ֪ľš
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ЦǺǵĵֿʮ֮У걻࣬żȻʮģûмܹȵֲҶҲǴ컯ˡ
Ұɻѯʵʲô˵ʮħϳô
ĵȻһר֮һֱܹñɱ
Ұר
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ҪɱҪõ֮⣬ԭ͸йأ
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յ˿ڵǻûʸ̤ʮأҶʮҲЩ²⣬ҸоʮӦ÷ӡһشܣл֮ͨ
Ұ뵽˾Ǿ䣬ϣʮ֮Уʮ֮Уʲô
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ҰһֱͻԻʮ֮УҪλ벽Ŀȷһ
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ĳƬ̣飬ֻдţûκ֪䵽ʲô̬˵еʮʮ컯ܻȴܹ֤ʵǷڵʮأҲϡ
յҡͷƽĵһأΨеõܹν飬ڶ鶼ûмһиûʲô顣Ǽľ챮ħʼǷڻ챮϶ֽţҲ֪
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ˣվɽŷҰ΢Ц
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ѩҰϹЦݣ෽ѩСԴǵ÷ѩҡͷ
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Ұ⻹ûнħ;ɫԻȻǸ𺳡
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ҰЩԼӦ£Сɻĵ֮С
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껣Ұǽ˳ȥȥˡ
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ħԽԽҰҲΪǳ׼


766 飿
Ұ磬Ҫչϴҳˣ
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ǰĻ飬Ұ¶һ˿Цݣ֪ǲǽ׵ʥʾԵʣҰоƺһֻϢ
͸Ϣ֣͸ĻҪҲޣʥ߾ķҰӦ쳣ģ
飬ƶ޸ˣҲЩ仯ô¶ҰЦѯʳ
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ϴˣûûεĴЦ
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ɫϼ㷭ĵȻûУƳת񵤡
Ұɵ£һֱΪǧƳ˾ת񵤣ѻ鵱˾ת񵤣ڻõ֤ʵǧҲûƳת񵤣
תƣҰٴѯʳ
ڷҰԺڶİƷµĵȴû¾ת񵤵ĵ
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Ұ컯ҩþŴҩúھҩȫˡǸЩĻҰоƳڻľת񵤡
ĵϴ󣬱ˣҲתƵģ֪תûеͻˡ
Ұҡͷֻʱȷƾת񵤵Ĵ㡣
Ұ뵽ѩܷܷԼ˵ĻŻѯ˳ܷܷԣ㻹ħɽеõһǧھ˵滹иĺھǲģ
ܸɴĵȻġ
Ұ׷ʵô˵ЩھħɽȻˣ
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Ұ˸һĿĹâȻħʥ涼޷У뿪֮ħʥ˷Բǧ顣ħٽܹħɽƿȻбؽһɱ
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ҰŨü΢ɻĵô¶
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ϴħɱ䶼ѾͷˣٸһھҪһ񶦻ָ״̬ԾԾԡ
Ұֲһھ˼ĵħҲǵģ˯ͷɲˣ治֪Ҫʲôʱܹɱɹ㲻һɣٻѸʮĹȥɱ䣿
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Ұü˼һԣаֹȾת񵤻Ҫصö࣬ѵ飿
ͷĳ֮󣬵ǰѷҰԼһ
飬˼ڶ鶼ţ֪鵽ʲôӣ黹п飡
ֻǣô
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Ұ׳ԼУԼĵΪĴս׼
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ҰֽԼĵһ飬ޱ߿ຣͻΪ뵽ħӡ֮С
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ˣҰɭҲܻһֽӽ񼼵ĲΡ
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Сڵ״̬Щ⣬ûƿҰʣµھСڣȥˡ
СڵвκƣֻҪṩӴˣΪһЩʱҲܷӳ
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ʮ꣬Ұڸܺ쳾Ϊܶţ֯ìܣ
ʮ֮УҰĵһһĳʵħݷԨƺؽ춯ء
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ʮŹеڶʥʣҪȵħٵʱһͻƣҰȴô롣
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Ұʱûмͻƣڵȡ
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룡һۻɴ䣬ȴ̺һְԾϢ
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ҰȻһЦ̧̤ȥǵɫŷҰء
ԶԶأҰͿһΰվһɫ⣬ͷһɫǣ˸Ŵ⣬ѹ죬˾һƬ졣
ı󣬻վһЩ콾ҲͷɣǸ̫ˡ
Ұһ۾ȷݣƣ츳ǿߣҲΪǿߣ
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ڵھأƾҰԴףҰһ߶˼߹ǣºݻҪҷҰ
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ҰﻹһʶŰƹ˹֣Ц֣ӣյüʤ
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ǣҰȴܸоڱħЩʲô΢һ˹ȱٵǣȱٵħֽǣ
ΨаԼŷҰ̤뵽֮Уתεϣ͸һبŲɣĸоƺѾ޾һ㡣
֣ħȣоΣƵЦѯʷҰ
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ƳĬƬ̣ڣĵʵȫõĴУµľ֣һ޷ӳȫʵҲӵħħһս֮
Ұ΢ͻأ뵽˵
̨̫ħһƻԻһ飬ǵ뵽˹㺮С
ֵǸ񣬾
ԣҰ˹ԭ㺮칬
˵ѵħ
ҰлЩɣǵó״̬һֱһַʶ״̬Ҳȫûħǡ
ҰܾħӦûأǰ˾ιͻȵȣпܶڶ
Ұ˿뵽ŹףȻŹͬҲô򵥡
ոհƻᵽµľ֣Ѿ֣Ұȴδħʲô֣Щɻ
ʲô֣ΪħûУû֣
ҰһҡͷħУδʲô֣һ֪
üħļЩͬҲʲôܡ
ҰҲ֪ħӦ𣬵ȴ֪ʲôֻʱѹ£ٴѯʵпǣ
ڣҰҲŪǵŰѯ˳
ҶʹӱιдһǣҰΪҲӦûУѯ
ҡͷɻǣʲôǣ
Ҳһ֣ʱ˵ʱ׵ġҰ̾˿Űư˰֣ûж˵
˼ĵ˵ͷпبŲµľ֣һһƾ֣ɹ򲻴棬û·ˡħ֮ʱڶ콾һɰ֮٣аܹɹնԸħ֮ʱղŸ󡣡
Ұ˸ƹԣЦҲȵʱһɽ٣ħ֮ǰһȳΪ񡣡
Ϊħػ裬Ǽλ֣ҲԱȫ㣬ȷҪϣƾȵŷҰ
ҰͷЦ֣ҵĵȫ˴Ϊľľϵ֦ϵĵܻƽľӨҶˮϵñˮ٣ȫ㻻
Ŀ˷ҰһۣЦҡҡͷ
ͼƣиֳһɵĵӡһΧľתһޱȵľϵ
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ƽеľݸҰЦŵľ˵Ѿˣȥɡħ֮ǰҪɽ٣ɹڽħҴ漸ҲҲԼܷǳлܻչ塣
ҰĿ˰һۣ֣صͷãҴӦ㣡ǣҲܰľʮʥʮʥʵʮʥ鵤°ɣҪġ
Ұóƿÿһƿжװһֵҩݸơ
£ֽӹƿЦֱֵʻΪ壬Щҩһܾˡ
ľҵø󣡽վȸǣϣԲһսҰЦһŰƹʸǡ
Цŵϣֿ԰ȻͻƵ񾳽磬ʱһԵҪһ֡
лħӦûòֳ֣ħһӦҰЦгŵķɣνʧ
ľڣҰǼִʵоʵһ벻ջ񣬶ǼħҰҲ塣


768 ֮
Ұõľٴηصң뵽ԼС
ֵڵ֣ҰȲҪľ
ľ죬裬͸һɹɾľ͸޾
ҰлһȥʥҩʥҩڶʮصãһֱھɫУҲ˷õʱˡ
Ұƽ飬ľʥҩһȥ
ʱҰоһɰ糱ˮϴŷҰ֫ٺħɢǧħڷҰ˻ţľ
Ұ˶е֮УƬ֮䣬ͽȫ
Ұȫ뵽ӡ֮У̺ĵԺиֳһ嫵Ļ棬һɵһΧ߷͸һɹ鶯Ϣ
ܿתΪһɵĴ͸һɹѹһɾ춯صӡڷҰ
Ұ뵽˴УȫĵĸĴ
֮󣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣ˫裬õ÷Ұ˶͸һɰ͸һبžԶϢ
ҰȫУǸֳһ˿Ц⣬̧֮䣬һƬɵɫһɹɺ嫵֮
£
̺񼼾ǿ£̧ܹ֮һƬ֮֯
һ¶ĹŹܹתʱգԴȥֵΪִܹصӤʱڣ
񼼵ǱѾ൱ŸԴˣ
ҰõֵеִУҲ֪еһ֮󣬵׻ʲô˵ķ֡
ҰԼУ΢ֳܸ׻ȸ䡢ߡִ飬ΧŷҰ裬͸һɹǿ
һӣЩΧŷҰĴȫΪһʵӰ
ľư׻ȸˮ߹ִʵһ֣Ϳٵںһ𣬻Ϊһõӡ
ҰЩ㵵ǿӣߴһĲʲô
ಣ
ǿõವһû뵽˷Ұ֮УŷҰϵıҰͷѪš
û뷽Ұڵʱ򣬷ҰĸӦƶܿƵĲ£ûκϢ
Ұ˶ǴĻƺĴŷҰ۶Ϣ˸͸ӦҰĴȴӳΪʱ޿̲š
õӣߴһɣ˵ӦһַǳƷĶŶ԰
ǣӲռüģڵռ࣡
Ұ΢ӵЩ²⣬Ȼйأռ࣬Ϊ˽ڵĴѪ
ڣҰΪʱ̶ǿţĵӳħݷ޾
ҰоԼΪѾﵽܹѹƵļޣ˲Լг˳ͣĳǿ֮С
ڷҰոҪͷųԼȫΪʱ򣬺Ȼ΢Ĳǿһɺƴѹ綼źѡ
Ұ΢΢һ㶣ͷӦ˹ڶɰ٣
Ұ˲ʧڰУƬ֮̾һƬǿУǰǿն޾ǡ
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ɽ֮ˣɱԾ죡
ܵɱԣҰѾ³˶ɽ֮˵ľ
ҰĿ޾֮УԶԶһƽƽӰԡУȻû˿ķȴϵѿһһ
ˣǶľ
ҰҪħ֮ǰͻƵ벽ľ磬û뵽ľҲôģҶҪ죬ھѾͻˣ
ңľѡһƬħܼжɽ٣ɱɣһ¾ħ壬ˡ
ľǱһ˭ȶɽϣҰЦһ˲ʧԭأھľǧһǿУԼΪȫͷ˳
ʿһصƲ㣬ɫڽ͸һɾ춯صѹһѹѹڶȻը
Ұӿֳÿһ͸һۻѲųâƺһһ㣬εؽҰסˡ
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Ұ̧ͷ죬ųһĨս⣬ԾĻӳһȭƺǧħŭ𣬽ʽĴƬ׺ɢ
ԻصĽףҰƤδƣ
Ұظо׵ٵ뵽ڶ֮УΪҲڸǿֻЩҲԽԽ
ԼĵסΪԽԽҪѣѱȵ죡
벽ľ磬Ҫгѳ
ִҰȴġ
Ұ޾֮Уڷ٣Ѫħݷ˲䱬˳ϵĴһ
Ұħ˴ѪûĶȹ֮٣Ѿ֮
ħһֱݷһǷҰҲԵֵסħ֮һ
ڷҰɽٵʱԶңңҶĶͦģһ
ҶĻδ£ҰĲһҲһɺƴĴһص֮󳾡
һĶǸ죡ҶһҲͷųԼΪ׽ӿ£ûС
ţҰĲԶǿƳ֣ƾϢӦҰ;µϢ
һ٣˴ƬƬħڣ֪жħ׽ֻΪɻҡ
Ұħȫ˳һϿתۼͱһǧ
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Ĵձ˺ѿʮ˲ħɢһӿƣԾޱȵĳŷҰɱ
ʮ˲ħ޾׽֮˿Ӱ죬ŷҰɱ˹
䣡
ҰֱӻӶȭͷԾĺʮ˲ħϣһȭʮ˲ħ˳ȥҲɡ
ҰЦڤħҾ֪̲סҪֵģɣ
ڤħɭʮ˲ħдշСӣ̫ˣȻҳأҾͳȫ㣡ϵҲ๻ҳĵˣ
ֻڤħʮ˲ħΪý飬ڸ紫ı廹ԶҲҪһЩʱ䡣
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Զǿһĺһһħ
ʮĥ̡ͭ¯ֻ֮źٲܵϢҲ˳иħϢȫŶľ˹ȥ
ڤħˣʣµļħҲȫˣһֶԸľҪƣ
ҰӦյˡĵϤϢҲڿٿţҰӦ˾ĳߵϢ
ʱ򣬷ҰҲ˲϶ľˣڤħҪ뾡ѿսڤ
Ұħȫ˳ÿһ޹ģһ졣
ŷҰеǿӵӳһɹɴɣõħǿٶٴμӿ졣
ת֮䣬Ѿ˺ѿǧˡ
ʱ򣬷ҰĸӦһɺ嫵Զٶǹɲ񷶼ڲѹţԾ£
ڤħı嵽ˣ
ڤħı嵽Ƭ֮ǰҰٴαǧܵʣǧҡ
շСӣɣڤħۻǿգһһŵǳըѿƺٵܵѹƣ嫵һֶĤݵĳ嶯
ڤħӰ˲ڷҰɽٵƬǿУֳħƣѹմںѣݺݵسŷҰĻ˹ȥ
Ұڤħδߣٴѿģֽ̌ӿõӨҶ˳ȥȵ
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ӨҶԱҲܹڤħƬ̣Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Ұʣµǧһٱ飡
ܹô̵ʱڳģҲڶ
Ұһִ⻪͸һɿȻϢһַ豹ĵϡ
ڷҰڣǧħƺоӳһƴ
ѿԼ֮󣬷ҰһƵģ񶼱ÿࡣ
޾ٻΪһ䵽ҰڣŷҰ쵶ϵĽɱ䡣
ڤħӨҶԱƬʱ䣬ٴγ嵽˷Ұǰɫִһɹ֮ݺݵĳŷҰĻ
ڤħҪԵֶΣҰһ
ҰȫųѤõʣƺǧħ˻ŭХݺݵһȭڤħµ档
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ȭײ֮һĺƺ򶼼ƵģǳȻըԵϯҰ˻ģѹңԶɽٵڶǿ߶ˡ
ʱڤħ䱾壬һ飡
ҰڤħһΣʱоһİľ޴˳Լȭͷȫһ¾ͱѹ˽ɡ
Ұ׽ٻδҲİ벽飬ڤħӲӲôһ£÷ҰһѪڣΧ֮伺
ǣҰȴ˿δˣħ֮
ڤħ𾪵ŷҰŵĵ㾹Ȼô̵ʱУôôǿ
ȥүɣҰս˫ֱ˰ɫĬ񼼣ڹ˲䵽ڤħǰݺݵسӡȥ
ҰΪǰ벽飬Ѳ飬ٶϲ֣֮ЩҪǿö࣡
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ΪϣǿΣʶʵبħ򣡡ڤħ˫Ŀһĺ⣬ֳһƬħڤƺʱն̺һֳԽһеĴ־ѹڸ֨졣
ƬħӣҰоԼǱһϴסˣ޷ڤħ
ҰȻ壬˫ֱ˸־ľ޴ִпٳݺݵسڤħӡȥ
өҲԣǲڤħһبħԼǰ
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Ұеӵӳһصɣ֮ٶȸ죬궼ڿǿţ쵶Ҳɱš
بħŷҰӿһַһе־ǱƬħסһ벽Ҳ޲ߡ
ҰΪÿһ̶ǿţҪľʱ䣬ʱ򣬷Ұֽ̧ϵ컯еĵܻƽľ˳ȥȻ
ɫϯǿգ嫵糱ˮѹܣبħ˺ѿһ޴ѷ죬ŷҰ
߿׽ٲϣҰڤħҲԽԽҡ
بħгһħӰÿһħӰ͸һӿ޾ĺϢһɫѹҰ
Ұֻ̧һƬɫǧħӰڣֻɫȴײľҲۼ֧Ų˶õӡ
Ѿ֮ΪǸ̫ˣԵֵסڤħĹ
ҰЦһ̧죬иֳһɫ
ףҰĮ
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ʱҰڶɽ٣ó׵񼼣̺޾ܶݻ˹ɫףǵصķ̺ŻصĻ֮

بħһĲҽһħӰװԵɱبħ򶼱һЩ
ˢ
Ұڳһɫâһ˲ľ޴ܣźĪһӽƬЩõبħ롣
ţҰüгһ⣬żٱ󣬴һѹİԾƣبħѹȥبħ򳹵ѹɢ˿
ڤħŭŽʮ˲ħʮ˲ħƺıһƵģʮ˸һ𣬺Ȼż
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ײһ춯صĺѹںѣǿ˺ѿһһĿռѷ죬þֺϡ
ʮ˲ħڤħıһ飬һ¾ͽż˳ȥ˿ٳŷҰ˹ȥ
շСӣԱ컯飬Ӱ첻ңҿ㻹ж컯ԱڤħЦŷҰʮ˲Ծѹ¡
ҰüԴߴһ֮Ҳû취ٻߴˣܹԱҲֻʣˮϵñˮٺľϵ컯е֦
ۼʮ˲ҪѹҰһ⣬гһɫ⣬ҫ񽣵Ľ⡣
һ񽣽⣬롭ڤħ仰δ˵꣬Ұȳ


770 벽
䣡
ҫ񽣵һؽʮ˲ħǰȻըɫâǿգ񱩶嫵ϯ죬ݽݺἤǿ˺ѵ֧飬ݣڶƬ
Աһؽ⣬ԱҲȫһǿѹʮ˲ħ˳ȥħĲĵ룬ħ
ʮ˲ħҲһͬΪҫԱ֮£ҲԵֵĵ󲿷ܡ
뼫֮ɱɣÿһ֮ⶼʮеɡ
еͲ࣬һһԱȻǿޱȡ
ҫסڤħʱҰеڵʥϵѹɱţ͸һ޵ĲϢ
ڰ׽֮УҰϵԼĵԼķ鴫ȫ뵽ħӡ֮УɭҲڿɱţһҲܹˣΪͻͽš
ʮ˲ħڤħɫγˮ˫ĿŭСӣҵʮ˲ұػὫңħŭɣ
ڤħŭڤħϱһӿȵϢе֮ǵصĳŷҰȥ̺žɱԾ˫
һר֮ɱ֮춯أڰ벽֮ͣõǰҲֻݱܷâ
Ƭ֮Խʱգû뵽˷Ұü֮УҪҰ꣬޴ӷ
֮۷һֲӦôԽʱͿռ䣬޷ס
Ұüų⣬ʶ֮ϣżϷתɢǹ⡣
޾ǹ⽫Ұʶڶ֮ȫҰ겢ûܵӰ졣
еҲֵֻܹ֮
ħ죡ڤħһŷҰңңĳһƣһֻɫľ޴ħӿȵ֮ŷҰѹ¡
ڤħִ֣ƺ綼£У뷽Ұϲ֮֮ͬл̺һ򣬱ȷҰϲָ֮ӵͰԵ
ҰüгһѤõĵâ쵶Ծĵâ춯أȻնֻħ棬һ޴ĺ
֮һƾͽ쵶ķ˳ȥĹ⻪ࡣ
֮Ծ˫쵶ȻƥС
쵶֮ļУ;߱˱ڷҰѪʱõ˽࣬ӵеѲõ쵶Ӳһ
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һûб쵶ڤħҲЩ⡣
ҰȡʱŰеƹħͬʱתħ׼޾׽˿˿Ƶ֮ڵʥϵɱǿꡣ
ڤħһִ̧һɫ֮⣬صػڷҰϣҰ˺ѳһ޴Ѫڡ
֮Ĩɱκʥʣش񣬵ȴֻڷҰһ˿ڣԿɼҰħ֮ǿ
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Ȼ쵶һԽХλõĵ͸һһǰİԾƣƺӵ꣬ڤħն˹ȥ
쵶Ѿ޽ӽѾ
ȣ쵶ȱĽһеΨеȷҰ֮󣬲ܹɱ
ڤħʮ˲˳ʮ˸嫴͸һۻ嫵֮ɭ쵶ѹȥ
䣡
쵶ǿƵնʮ˲ħϣâݺᣬһʮ˲ħ˳ȥ
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ҰڵĴÿһѪ⼡ɢԣ覣ڰǧ΢ħХ죬͸һǿԵѹ
벽飡
ڤħѹ£ҰͻƵ˰벽ľ֮Уһ˵ϣƺҪгѳ
Ұĵȫ뵽Լ֮Уеʥѹ򱶣ȫתΪ
ңеʥҲһ˿Ϣ買⣬һ䣬ʵϡ
ʧҰͬһħƵİڱ׽ٻǿУ⴩Խǿգɨ⼸Ȼڶɽٵĵط
¡Ҷ˶ɽٵķλΪƽȻľڵķλȴս죬񱩶ҡ
̫ħȪħħֻħħԷֳһܣԵɱ
յ˴һϢ̫ͼſأֵס˻Ȫħḥ̂Ҳһ˼֮ı
о͸سİԾħͭ¯ײ˺ѿһһĿռѷ졣
һȫ֮˻ƣ̫ħʮײɱڡ
һΰӼһͭԣֵסħٲܡ
ľȫȾѪ岻ϵ飬Ҳڵȫϣ˳ڹ׽ֻħǵϵĶĳߵסֻ֮ŵɡ
ħħĻľȻѹ·磬ȴܼȥ
Ұ˫絶ɨڤħǹճһĨĮЦ⣬ĮĵڤҶɽ֮ʱ֣ұն㣡
Ϊ뵽˰벽ܹ֮ʸҽа𣿽Ҿףʲô飡ڤħ飬ɱ
ڷҰڤħ˱ɱ֮ģθ㷽Ұ׵˰벽龳磬ҲоԵĿɱҰ
ﬡ
һХ𣬷ҰֳһһУӡѩСֵһ˳ٳڤħѹȥ
ڤħı壬ҰȻη壬ɱսȡ
ģĲϣҲó׳󣿡ڤħһһֻɫ֣ת֮յĳڶ໯Ļ˹ȥ
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װĺҰڶȫֻ飬ֵֻҲڶĸɾɢǿС
Ұ˫ֻΪɫתϵĴ縩µϲԣٳڤħӡȥ
ڤħ˫ת֮ӭŷҰϲֺ֮˹ȥ


771 ڤ
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Ұڤħ˫ײһ𣬷һĺ֮ɱŽ˺ѿһһĴѷ죬޾ңԶԶ
ڤħٴλƬبħ򣬷Ұ˫鴫еħӡֶ̺İԾ˲ӡبħϡ
ѣ޹⣬ϯõеʿܹظӦ
嫵֮ΪһƣԶ֮ǳ飬һſ΢С΢
ڤħһȭ˷Ұ߹ǣҰϲ֣֮һƽڤħķɣѪע
˴սһ춯صսһƬƬֵ±ըѣɱʧɫ޹⡣
Ұ飬оżػ˿ڤħɭϲ֮֡񼼽óڤħһ˿ڡ
ҰսͲԼħӲڤħĹ˻ˣǿޱȵѹڤħ
ħѪѪȾǿգֱڤħһһ;ȫǴ򱬵ѹء
飬ȴѹ
ɱ
ڤħޱȣŭһʮ˲ħѹ£Ұʮ˲֮С
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ʮ˲ħϢǧħͷĲĵ𣬸ĵ潻渡֣ʮ˸ĺƣҪҰǿĨ
ҰħԾ˫ڴħĳХ貣ǣͬһħѣӶȭͷʮ˲Ϻ˹ȥ
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Ұʮ˲ħǿд򴩿ռݣʮ˲ħ⻪ܼޣû뵽ڤħڡ
ĳ˵Ի𣬷ҰܹӲȫյҪ飬в
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Ұľʮ˲ܣڤħȫѣ졣
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һֳ֮һ˼ʱպ«һ˻ͼҰȴ˾żػ꣬ĵӰڤħС
Ұһ˾ܹѹڤħˣĴͬʱ֣ǿưԵܿڤħϹˡ
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ҰȥʱǡÿľֻħһĻֻ֮ŶߣҰңңֻħǰһ£ԭ㣡
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ҰԺлȻʣʼԭʮأѹػ·յ㣬ڶ콾Ҫģħϳ
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ſʳɻ󣺡ȻܹЩħΪҪԾŴ챮򣿡
ΪӶʱһϤ
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󣬻һˣϷ٣Ԩһ˭İȴڤ
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Ұڤ˹֣ЦϲڤѰȻ̤뵽񾳽硣
ڤ˰֣ҡͷӦǶɽ٣ұһƬжɽˡħħҳ֣ҿʦ漰ʱ֣ȻĻҿɾ׶༪ˡգʦ֣ǿħǵ
ҰŨü΢Щȣû뵽ڤҲһħ
֮·գû˿԰Ȼɽ٣⻹ǰħһϮǵȵ٣½Ӽա
յ˵ȻϤˣֱѯ˳㵽׻֪ЩʲôЩڣħӶƺûҪɣѵħڽڶ콾һȦΪλڶħ콾䣿
Ĩ˰ѴӣɫЩصĵҲֻǸµֻƬ²ģħʼӦʼסĴӦϴţǧ磬С磬ƺҲκ֮ص֤ݡʼ֮󣬾һƬӺ嫵Ĵ磡
ȫ𾪵ĵɴ˫ۣʵͬ²ǰʼ֮һƬ磿
ľĲ²мֿԣǵǰͻƵ֮ʱϡӦһ˿΢ٻ·ͷһ嫴磡
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ľĬƬ̣ҡҡͷҲδħʼ棬ħ֮ʱħʼ氵ˡҹƣħʼӦѾԽľ硣
龳磬Ѿ۷壬Խ龳磬ʵ޷һ鶼ǳء
һħѹʼУҪʼʵԿϣ
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773 ٱ
֮ٽҰһ˳нȥδȵǷص֮У͸оһɺĪĴѹѹ
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㷽Ұ˶ͻƵ˰񾳽磬Ӵѹ֮ҲһԿĸо
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ѹȫͷųĻ챮
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Щħ岻أѪĳžŴеڶ鹥˹ȥ˲ڷж˷ĲҽҰ
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ҰЩħȫײޱȣ鵱ʹͣϵɱšеЩʥߣҲֻǿڰӴܣץסʳ
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Ұ뵽磬ٴʧֱ𽫷ơͫīԳͨ뵽֮С
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ҰѾﵽ˰񾳽磬ضóҲ˶ˣ˲նɱٸħʥʥʡ
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˶˽ĵģħٵʱȻҪչԼѡ
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ʮ벽飬ȫ˷ܵĳڶڶɰٵ콾˹ȥڶȰٵ콾֡
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Ұܹѹڤħսֱ׷飡һǺŭǸ벽ӦûӦͱҰˡ
ҰԶԶѩȫĵĶɽ٣вΧش󣬵Ҳһ֮ػɽ٣ٳ껸ȥ


774 ѹ
ڤˮֳɫȴӲطǷ
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ڷҰǳķģרĶɽ٣ʼԼֵһ
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ҰŨü΢ֽ̧ͼ˳Ƭնӡڣû뿪
еͭ¯̫ǿˣŰ»ڷһ˵ɱһǧʥɱҪǿöࡣ
ͼִתҵӰҲУ뵽֮У쳣Ļ
ҰǾͰ°ɣҰһֽ̧ɻʮ˲ħ˳ȥʮ˸嫵ڤҷԵĳŻѹȥ
Ϸһֻ֮ͭ¯˳ȥֻ֮ʮ˲ħ໥ѹ
֮Уÿʱÿ̶дȥҰûʱҶţһڳ
һż˳һʱպ«˳ҰıǻأŻҹɱ˹ȥ
Ұʱסͭ¯żʱպ«ײͭ¯ϣһ춯صĺ죬ŽƬܡ
еľŴȫ챮סײҲֻܵݺľҡΣ޷ƿ챮Ĵݣȴ½˺ѿһһ޴ڴѷ졣
Ұʮ£ͭ¯ĵ߰˰ˣĹ⻪
ǻŭһѪΪۣǿмͭ¯ǿܣ֮ƿͼķԶȥ


775 ս챮
ҶߣҰû׷ͭ¯ĵĲˣǻܹӳҲޡ
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ħ٣ʥȫŴ֮С
ҰŸӦһȻûиӦѩܷܷ֣С˵ϢаԲ²⣬Щɻ챮ĺΰ
Ͼÿʮ꣬һδ٣ڶٳֹ˵ٵӰ첻
ҰޣΨΪߵʿЩʿܹõķӳãȸ顣
ҰأͻȺƵģڶħѪɱ
ڷҰеħԽԽ࣬ħе࣬ʱҰüħİ벽ܿڶħ֮֡
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ҰԶԱڰ˴ǵջҡҡͷ˴ǵҲû˿ܹ챮
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ʮһϣ˵Щֵ߰컯ʲô
Ұٻִʵϧȴû˿Ӧ
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Ұɫ΢Ա컯ʱظӦеö£Բ²ӻ컯ҲЩϵ
Ұڷ裬˫磬ƿֱ׵Щ벽Уϵĵ컯ޣλҲˣһԼľŻ챮֣һʮöʥ鵤ֻҪɵĵͲ⣬ְɣ
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ʱⱻŴ챮Աͽ½˺ѿᴩ½Ĵѷ죬Ĵ˶ĸӦɺľ޴󲨶һĪ
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յ˳˹˹֣Ŵһ챮ѹһľ챮λԱ֮ʱͬԵ컯һԱܹӳǿ
ãӵлϵ컯ĵһ֣һǰƽƽ˫֣иֳӲӵĽ𻨣иֳľ컯һ˳ȥ
һ˸ųһƵĻӣֽ̧һλðټȥ컯鲢һ
һϮµ߳˵ĽɵĿݹ׹Ҷ˳ȥ
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Ұ΢ȣû뵽ҶִԴһ֮Ҳû취컯鱾壡
֪ҶдԴһ֮ǷҲĶ
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Ĩ˰ѴӣڵͼԱˣոջԱñˮٺ֦ܻȸ᲻áҶΪҲ˽⣬ƴǵġλҪˣǶ˶õͬ컯飬Ӧ޷ٴԻˡ
˶˵ͷо˵ҲЩ
ᣬ챮ϲûִʵִԴǸȫںһˡյ˵Ȼ
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һĻҲ˷ҰҶǲû˵ѡ
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ۼɻ챮δȫɢȥչһЦͼڿٳһƵĳŻ챮ϯ˹ȥ
ڻ챮ԱߣͼȻԱǿưԵٴõ򶼾ҡ
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ͼԱȻͼԱ̫ˣҲͬСɣǿн챮ϵĴȫ˺ѿ챮ϵȫĴ
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Ȼʱ޷óˡ
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Ŵ½һɹϲɣĸоԭʼɭ֣һֲãĵϢ
Ŵ½λãҰһٴμһ챮Ϣ
ľڶľϵ컯еѪľԪ񻨼˳ͷˣٳˡ
ҰƺҴͽ֣ϣͨҶҶͽСϣ֣뵽Ź֮УСɱĥʱ޷
΢ȻǶ˵֣ǷҰͽܡ
һȭ򷨣Ƶǵ˽ܣѾͻƵ˰벽ľ磬֣ǻ壬ǱԹ
ڣǲ֪ԭҰиͽܣĵĥԼͽܻһһ
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ľŷҰ˵ͷб̾Өи˳͸һɹۻӴõȫë׶˿
ľĽ컯һԱȫ񱩣صݣ챮˺롣
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챮ٴɢȻʣһЩ
żȻõ֮ˣҶЦһִ̧һƬɫĹ⻪͸һķϢȴǽϵ컯еĳϼ֦
дţ˵Ҷõ˳ϼ֦ȴû˼ùҶûϼ֦ϼ֦ȫǸ衣
īӰǺһЦһ䲼ĺɫ˳ȥƺǲˮƵģתŴɣڽ𻨡
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ҰҲһɫû뵽ϵ컯еϰ߽ٻڽʯϡ
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а½УԱѪͽϼ٣Ա˪֦СԱ񻷣ĥ챮ϽĴӡ
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½Ǽˮϵ컯еѪҶľѩв룬ľĳߣͬʱԱ˿ƿ½챮

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½ƽļ˾ػ콾Ȼը
ԽǰԽǿڰˣһԱͽ½ķӡǿ˺

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ʱպ«ȻԱʱ֮ƿط˺챮ķӡ

Ϊƿе콾˽ܸĴ̫ˣʮ컯鼸ȫԱʮҲ룬ǰľ˰챮
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մϹâ˸ͷױâڤ̫չԴͷԴӻ⻪ӿ
ǣֻħ˻ԴȪħ˻ڤ̫ħ˻ǵȫˣֻ֮šĥ̡ʮͭ¯ٲܡﵵϢ춯ء
ҪƿŴ챮𣿿ϧǲģͷʮתЦҰˡ
ǾԼƣһϣҰһֱӻԼ֮żʮ˲ǡڤͻ£ıǳ˻ңӲͭ¯
ľҶҲӭ˶֣ѩСӵﶼڸػԴơ
ħռԽ϶ƣಫ˫սѽѷ֣ڼڤƬ˻ѿһ޴ѷ졣
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ڣ˽ħ嶼סΪӮȡ˻ᡣ
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ȻһâűϢԶ
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ľڤǹʧķ򣬷һ壬һȥһˡ
ľǶתϣԺе鷳ˡ
ҳŽ׷׾ۻĴһŽ׷˳ȥ챮ǰȻը񱩶嫵ϵҷ챮ϵȫľڱǿĽ֮ҲȻ鿪
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ǿߣһл뵽ԼУϣǿ֮С
вʥ߱ħʥɱڰУеЩ龡ᣬȾѪ񷱯
ڶħǿɵֱܹתǵΪвħ嵱ʥͻƵʥʾ磬ʥϵĸ߿жɰ֮٣
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ǿӵΪУΪʱ޿̲š
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ҽͭ¯ܾ˳컯ΪΪ̿Ϊֻ֮ͭ磬ѹƬմڲƺڴ֮ϡ
Ұ˫ֻΪɫϲ֮Ӳеͭ¯ÿһκͭ¯ҲĻĽƬ
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һüгһƬɫƬֳһĶƣҪסҰɭ
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Ұ񣬽ϲֶ֮˳һĳͭ¯ݺݵĳ˳ȥ
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쵶Ȼ壬лһѤ貵ĵâһɫħѪ˲񷡣
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ҰаȻڵǿõӺͰ˿ȫһƬû˿Ϣɢ
ҰҲװδӦһ㣬쵶ջڣ˫񣬴һֻֻ⻪貵ϲ֣֮ͭ¯ܣͭ¯
Żҵͭ¯ȼ޾ӿĻ棬ǿѷҰûգһɺ嫵Ĵʧ֮ңԶ
ͭ¯֮ħδҰҲԼ޷ǿͭ¯û׷ٴħɱ˹ȥǵ޵ĿҲʧ
Դ껴ս껵һȭ򷨸ĵɶҰͻأĳߣԵ쵶֣ǿлһ貵ĵâֱϮԴͷ­
Դɫ䣬ԺȻֳһתŻ⻪ľ޴ŻƺͨһƵģһɺ嫵ֻ֮
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쵶Ծնֻ֮棬ֻ֮ȫֻ֮ŴŻԴٺˡ
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ֻħˣԴ
Ұնħˣõʣµħ˶ĪԶ÷ҰԶԶأΨԼһߡ
Ұħ벽ɱ˹ȥӵ֮żʮ˲ħҰͻȺоܸɵһħİ벽飬ɱڶħ御Ե

ԶһĲҽľ似Ļֻʣ·ױʶƯڰУľ
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İ˰֣ȻЦСӣǽ󽫻ٵǳսӼѣܽħ御𣬱ҡ
ҰصͷһħΪᣡ
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һһĸǰȻֻΪһϣõе˶ĵĸж

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ͬʱǸҲǱӲ֮񱩵ǵصϯ
Ȼȫ


780 С
ţõڶ콾ٴȼ˶־
ǰ˾칬еޣںܾúܾ֮ǰѾʥʹԲĴڣ֪ʱͻƵ˰벽龳磬Яŵǰս
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Щħıܣյ˵˵Աĵĸɸɾڶǿ߹ɱ֮ʱѹСࡣ
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ţǿߴ֣ڤħħʧȥܣҲκεħħ
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Ұŭ˫ֿٽӡħӡݺݵӡħϡ
һܾʧ֮ǽħһѪۣħѪȾ졣
ţһнƺ̺һƵģ˿֮Ӱ죬˲ڤħǰڤħϡ

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Ұе쵶ųһѤޱȵĹâ׺ݵڤħϡ
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һ񼶱ǿ߽䣬еıħֱɣеıħޣ³ǳңսӲҡ
껡ơ׾졢Ԩһɱ˫Ŀͨ죬ϲ֪˶ٴˣڴս
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ҰҲӦӦֵģֵ֪ġ
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ҰаԻɣľ֣һľҪǿö࣡
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ʱǹϢ嫵Ŀ⴩ʱնһѹɨս֡
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ҰһЩǵʱնĿھ棬ǵĿȥȴҲħʼսûм֡
δ鵮޷ռˣڻħʼ̯Ƶʱħʼ涼άһ΢ƽϡ
Ұ֮Իĳħ֮һſŵĵҩ
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ţħӶӲȥҰ֮Ҳٴ뵽˷ҰС


781 Ļ
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Ұ֮Скһʦͽٳڤħɱ˹ȥ
ţֳֽǱûбڤħսѽѷ֡

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ڰвϵĺһ˶ȭӰȭⷭ첻أǿԣɱһС
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⼸ħʧֻҲٴʧⳡʷǰѪȴڽؼ䶼һԵıˡ
һħ٣Ŵ򼸺ȫɢɽӱضѣһųǴɶʬǶأ򶼱ˣһɳƲҵϢ
һδ̫࣬컯龡٣ԱѪرǾ챮ľŴУ಻
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һܾ˵ĲҴսܵӰĻеǾŴ򣬵ǰ׹ǣѪɺӡ
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벽Ҳ½Ƶطõ½Ļãⳡħǿӹһ١
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ħһƬѪƮһʬ壬еǺ޵ģеġ
Ұ֣ļ۵۵˺ħУҿҰʮǰ껽۵˽ӵ˻ɽȻ֣˵ǸصĴ
СϼڵУҲΪһƬ棬껽ӻܼӵܣСļҲδ١
ҰСڡѩһ֣ɽǿ£һȻ޷ȫعԭҲЩǰӡ
ǣʣµЩ벽ҲƵ飬еòָֻжһԵı
ҰƶһؼŨѪ£һȼգš
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Ұޱ嫺ǰĻ챮һɫɲ
ڻ챮ϣֻʣ̫졢Դӡմױֺͺ˪Ӱ⼸Щ컯飬ȫǻɵģûһ
СɻҪͨҶȴָ޷
ͨҶϢʧˡСŵ˵仰
Ұһۣһ𶯣ӹ񣬻ûз󣬴ûй컯Զʧ鷢
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Ұûѩĸǣٴηص˷ҡ
Ұĸһ뿪˷ңˣȥѰͻ֮


782 
ħվǹȥˣеǧ嶼ڷؽÿ嶼Ϣ
ʱͣЪǰеʹڽƽһжźõķչ
ѪǶķµϣһ콾ٳɳĥ֮ǵ־ӼǿҲ
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Դߴһ֮ǿڷҰоͲϵ֮еĴڳŷҰۣΪʱʱ̶̿š
Ұжʮ꣬߹棬߹Ѫɽ֤һڷ𣬿ӱʹٴλ
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ҴҰȥҰˢһ˫ۣľ֡
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ɽϽ䵭һƬ嫵ǿ
ǰԶһ޴ĺɫԼӴӰѹ͸һɾˮϵ
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ܷܷϲءҰ˵ӭȥЦţЦƵġ
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Ұѩܷܷ磬аԸпѩܷܷαչأǱܹǴħ١
⼸ʮ䣬˲׺ɣı仯򶼲˵鲻ҲָĲˡ
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ѩܷܷ˵ͷˮȷܹΪȷźܴĹϵңУһµĺ֡
ѩܷܷͽһʶӡ˷ҰԺУҰ𶯣þ޷ƽ
ǵʶӡУҰʥǿߵӡнǧʥߵӡ
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Ұ˵ƲõĴУһµľ֣Ӧøˮĺֲࡣ
棬ҲƵڶ鲼ţڶ֣͵ʮһս
˶ʥǿߵӡһܹвˣټЩˣʮأҲδضԸħʼ棡
ѩܷܷЩɻĵ֪ˮһˮһƵģ˿ûħħȫûȣ⵽ô¶
ҰƬ̣ôˣħɳ˯δѣħҶ˽һЩħӦòô򵥣Ҹоħ
ʲô˼ѩܷܷѯʳ
Ұ˫ĿֱѩܷܷƲ⣬ħӦþľ궼һ𣬱ֳȴħ״̬
ѩܷܷȵĵɴ˫ۣ˼ĵ˵ͷоҰƲĻмֵ
ħܹѹħˣӵнжʲôܹħħǿӵźպˣ
ĻҲһˣֻҪ٣϶بų棬㲻
Ұ̾ϢһȷǸţԼӲһħֻ̬ʲô壿
ȴɱͨ࣬Ұо֮»ǻ
ǷҰһ²⣬ǷҰȴоԼĲ²⼫пģҲΪ˶Կħ壬òô
Ұѩ̸ܷܷħٵ飬ѩܷܷһ֪֮󣬲ɵ̾ǰսȥƾսħеλǰ
󣬷Ұѩܷܷһٴηػɽ


783 ֣
Ұѩܷܷһ𷵻صɽңҵڶȻޱȣһã̸еȤ£̸νȻǰһ
˼±ϣҰѩܷܷصѩһˣѩܷܷѩ֮УҰȥ
ҰûٴηػɽǷѩܷܷһҪΪѩܷܷ׼һ
Ұһֱڣޱߺ֮׹ڤ֮Ĵ½أŴ½յأ콾ŽʮʣµЩ򣬵ȵȣȫ˸顣
ˣҰ·ӵһߵ˵ʮŹأֻҪڣȫ˸
ȥʮʱ䣬գҰħһħõһ׹⣡
ּ׹⣬ǷҰ͸ѩܷܷĴ֮
컯龡٣ԱҰܹõóֵģҲֻּ֮ˡ
ţҰƾһ޵Ӧһݼǿ֮УԶԶٴοŹס
Ĵͽ֣Ź֮Уƾ֣ϵǹӦҰо֣Ҫˡ
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ʱ֣ҲѴﵽ˰벽֮
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ԭҰɫ΢
ħ֮ʱҲе콾һսħħһֱǳ͵ĹâȫҰľҶ˸ڸȥ
û뵽Ȼǵһٵˣ
磬㿴ʲô˭ڶɽ٣ѩСڵ˶ɻҰǶ޷е
֣ȻڵԼӦǼֵϢ
Ұȵ֣һۣͷ֮еȷǲ벻ǵһٵˡ
ͬʱҰ֣ܹӦеҲЩ⣬֪֣ĻЩ⣬Ҳû뵽֮ҲܹӦһЩ
ȻҰеǿӸӵ𾪣ϻûʲôܹסӣ治֪ӵʲô
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Ž޾ٺƵ·ƵģǿնҵĲѣݣڡ
֮УһѤõľŲ˺ѴƬǼ֣
֮£ͷɢȾѪɢһһӴÿһض硣
Զв˾ڲ֪ɽ֮ǲ
Χ۵һ𾪣ǲ²ľ²Ҷ²Ұ˭Ҳû뵽ǲһ٣
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һһȫûڣ޾׽֮нϴѿһһľ޴Ѫڡ
תһɼϢϵѪڿţųһλðľŲ⣬޾зƴɱȡе֮ٻָ
ȻһֻɫħƴҴֱӴ뵽˹֮УŲĻ˹ȥ
ɫ΢䣬ٻؼ֣Լǰ
䣡
һƴ촫׽˺ѿһһľ޴ѷ죬֮ϯҰ˻ģɨ߰˸սʥߣЩʥȫ
ҲѪˣϵƿţ˫Ŀֻ޴ħ֡
ħħ֣֣
ħҰӦĸ϶˳ֵǸħħ
֮Ҫ񣬱Ȼ⵽ħħ죬뵱󳾵飬ͻƵ֮ʱ̫ħ͵Ϯġ
ҪһѶȳľ޴
Ұüͷ΢壬˵ͲĹϵһֱòǲҲ֮ˣܹɹ뵽֮УѹҲ᲻١
Ұ̤ǰһ׼ˡ
ʱľȻ￪λǧҪ֣ϵĴ٣˳ֱٸӦٵᷭκγ֮˶ᱻ
ľǶתһǴĶ£˵ĻǷǳŷġ
񾳣޷֣
ڤüޣˣԶѯʳ˵ֻԼˣ
ľٴδҲ漰ĵж޷ʹãλӵߣǿ
ľδ䣬ױִм׹ٳ뵽֮Уֻ޴ħֹ˹ȥ
ڤԥĽӼ˳ϵǧ޴𣬻ŹӲֻħֹ˹ȥ
һһˡ
Ϲ⻪˸ÿһСжų⣬ÿһĶ˸һɺƴ֮ħħ֡
ɫ˸͸һɺƴƺبųƵģһƥ⣬ɱ뵽֮С
񽣷â¶ݺᣬĹɱ˹ȥ
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ħֻħֻ˿
ôãҪˣһһ޴ħӰ˵ҰУٳ嵽֮УŲ˹ȥ
ħ嵽ˣ
ʱħǾһ״̬춯أ£
飬ְɣҰŻ˵ͷ黯һû뵽ƶ֮С
ƶһɺ嫵ܣ˲û뵽֮Уۻĳħ˹ȥ
ͬʱҰֽżҲ˳ȥƵֱϮħ
ѩܷܷڵĺ˪ӰȻʣǿһɫ˪ħɱ˹ȥ
ļҲħ˹ȥһͷ˿ѹ춯ء
䣡
Ȼħڳһȼͭ¯컯ΪΪ̿ΪֻͭǿƵĽڶ˿


788 ս
ħı֣ӵ֮ڶ콾ĿٴתƵ˲ϡ
ʱĲȫԿ٣ϱ˺ѿһһѪڣҰƺһִڴڶķ
Ұ΢ǲļǼŴļ
Ĵǰһֱòƽƣ֮ͬʱļ콾֮һ
û뵽̤һʱ򣬼Ĵɵ˳صҪ񣬲Ҫȹ٣ҪԼļ
Ҳ󳾡ڤӵ˿ˣǵҲЩƽǵ࣬Ҫȹ٣Ѷ˿ڲ
ιۿɽ٣ǵӰԹ
ħɺ촽гѪɫɭȻȺô꣬˶ˣ֮Ĵͺóԣ
˫Ŀг˾裬ͷתʱҪԿ٣ҪȵļٶħĻƷǳΣ
Ұľľ˶ȫ֣޶ȵļܣһħк
ǣһħѾվϣͶ֮䶼ǻӶĴҰ˵ĹҲֻܶһЩţ޷Ľħ뿪
ħŲڵɱȥҰ˵Ҳֻ΢ٶȣ޷
Ұ뿴Ųħɵڷ裬ˣ͸һѹصľƣԴȵ죬ɸһս
Ұÿһۻлص
еʿ̲ס̧ͷ죬в˶ǷҰһ鼤Ĵ˳
ҰȻڳսħ
ǶҰûгȴսħܷҰܷսʤħҰʿ޾ġ
ֻҪսѪδϣԶڣ
ħĽŲͣһ£ߵδʼϣΪϵı࣬ͿˡУʲôǣɽٵСӣҲһˣ㲻ż
ҰԨڷӿȵƤƺǧħŭĿֱħȻֻһ䣬ɸһս
ħüͷδ˲Ϣ˳ǹűЦ⣬һ㣬ŷҰĻͬʱӢۣҾͳȫ㣡һ벽飬㣬ȥǶɽٵСӣ
磡ϴ󣡡ʦ
ѩܷܷСں֣˶ǵĺ˳Ҫ뷽Ұս
ҰҡҡͷսڣЦѵħĥԼĴսħǿòƻħǰ֣ħóѣ
ѩܷܷ˶˵ͷõԶȻķҰǸطҰѡ񡣶ңҰֻһܹͻƵ񾳣ħּǿ߽֣ҲԹĺô
Ұųâÿһëжƺһħڵͬһڷħµһƺһȭ
䣡
һ춯صĺ򶼱ѹľ˼£һɹɺĪܿ˿ǿ˺ѿһһľ޴ѷ졣
񱩣ƺԽ˺ѿƵģѹͷõһİ벽鶼һϢĸо
ҰħӲһʱоһɺƴֻ֮ϴ˳Ұֱ϶ըһһѪڣӰҲڲϵĺˡ
Ұֱϻɫ֣ٻָ۷״̬а𾪡
ħսǿһԶеһǿö֮࣬ƺѾҰĴѹסˡ
ҰͬƵ˶ÿһʱϵĴ֮ڷҰڻۣתɷҰ
СӣҸˣ񣬾ϣɼΣҪΪĿۣȶɽٵСӸоҶȤԽԽˣħЦѪ촽˫⣬ƺڿһζƵġ
ҰΪڷԶ裬ƶ;żȫջصڣȻһգԵ쵶УÿһƬƬ˸λðѤ⻪
죬սŸոտʼаɣҰһų貵âе쵶Ƴգ˲䵽ħߡ
ħǹһ˿мЦݣнһɺƴ֮ӿΪһ޴ǰ
ﬣ
Ұе쵶صնħ޴ϣ쵶ֳһĨѪɫ⻪ƺǴѪʣ׵ǵ֮۵ħ֣ٴγħնȥ
ħһĿ⾪ȵ쵶ֽ̧ͭ¯˳ȥȼգֻ֮ͭ¯ܷݣ쵶˹ȥ
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Ұ쵶նͭ¯棬ŽһĻǣͭ¯֮еĴ֮ںұŽײ֮˺ѿһһĿռѷ죬˷
һҰδܽħͭ¯ɣͭ¯Ҳûн쵶ˣ˫ƽɫ
һĻõԶս˶΢΢еЩ𾪣ղħǶĸӦˣû뵽ҰħȻ˿·磡
ħٻͭ¯˫ĿħưŷҰе쵶޵ȻһѺõȻѾضᳬԽ󲿷治֪㵽ʲôñ
㲻ùʲôñܹ㣬Ǿ㹻ˣҰޱȣӿһս⣬ħı֮ʱҰڵսȫ˳
ʱٴα˺ѣ̫ħӰУʮתͷųһɺ嫵ѹƺԽضװȥƵġ
̫ħħһҲǾ塣
峺ӹһɱɱͷϿתţƺҲҪ̫ħһϸ¡
̫ħɨһۣǹһ˿мЦݣͽĿħϣ䳰ȷĵ죬ô絽ٶ޷𣿡
ħһ̫ϣ˵СսңҴȥԸɽٵСӣ֪ҵ³
̫ħҡҡͷĮɨ˷Ұһۣһ͵֮УĿ˲ĵȻ֣ҿɵȲˣշСӹˣСӻҵɣ


789 ս
̫ħеʮųһĨϾ⣬ƬӳյѤһƬԵ춯ء
ʮƺ̺һϵĴ֮ݺᴩ˲䵽˲ǰ
ɫ䣬ٽԼǰųŲâһɼϢƺҪ綼õĳƵģӲʮ
¡¡
һĺ𣬹б˺ѿһһľ޴ѷ죬׵ӿ񱩵ķţҵĳŲ˹ȥ
ſѪϱ˺ѿһһѪڣд֮˿зݺᣬѪ˷
̺̫֮֮񱩣ѽ֮ΪУǹ֮е̺ǿƻڶƻŲꡣ
ˣڵȵļҲĴȵļ񾳡
ҧţȾѪ˿ңųȵǵ
̫ħٴνʮ뵳һ̫ĴϢŲѹȥ
ľ󳾡ڤľˣȫȫͷ˳ӲƴʮΪȡʱ
̫ħһ˫ħ֮ħ֯ƣһƬ󣬽ٶڣĵҲûл̤ˣ̫飬أ
̫ħó񼼣е޾֮ǿƵŲ
һ˿˿̫֮ħٰţ̫ħħֶξ춯أϵڿ˥
ŭӣֽһѵҩУֵȫ˳ΧŲڿת֮ӿ˺ѿһһĿռѷ죬ǿն̫ħԼ
ʱԱߵձ˺ѣһ޴ĴŴгؼ䡣
޴ʯſɣ֮һŻƺܰѽ˵Ƶġ
ֻ֮ţ
һħӰֻ֮д߳ԥĳ뵽֮Уֻħ
ħҰһԣ̫ħսԲֻ֣ħʱ͸һɾɫ
ֻħǰ֯һֻ֮Ųȥ
ʱڸ̫ħţʵڳ鲻Ըֻħľ󳾡ڤҲֻħۼҪֻħС
Ȼһִֻ̽˳һɫ⻪ֻħǹֻ֮Ļȥ

ֻħǹֻֻ֮飬޷ִﲽϡ
ֵֻڳе콾İֻѾγ֣˲˵
ɫϲңң֣лԮ֣
ֻħɫ΢䣬йֻ֮ţųֻеȻ£֪㻹ûҪ𣿡
˿ֻٴֻ̽ħĻ˹ȥ»˸ȴ͸һƥеȻƣƺһ赲Ƶġ
ֻħֻ֮ż˳ԼǰֻӲһ
¡¡
Ĵֻ֮ϣʱֻ֮뵵Ĺ⻪࣬ǹҲƺ˥ȥ
ĹԵΪֻ֮ţԵֵסõԶսڶ콾̲ס
ѾȻֻ̽һֻƣȴܹһ飬õħħֻߡ
˵ͥɱ뵽ħʮأô¶ǰʱ仹ڷҰħʼ̽ӣֶĿ¡
ڣеڶ콾ҲĲ١
ֻħŵʱӽԼϵȡǹɿ֮ٴγ񾳡
̫ħעҲȥ˲٣֣̫ħҲҴ⡣
Ƕŵʱ򣬷ҰħĴսҲ˰Ȼ׶Ρ
ħͭ¯ֻ֮ҪҰ뵽ͭ¯֮ȫҰ쵶ɣ޷Ұȥ
Ұ쵶˸ƥâҲԶħ̫˺ֵâÿζͭ¯ȻǿմıܵĴ˵ǲ
Ұħ𣬷ҰҪħǱҰôãоҲסټȥ
˴ս˺쵶ͭ¯Զ˶ʼⲫ
ҰƺǧħÿһȭӶ֮ħħѪĽ
ħʾ絶ڷҰһһѪۣѪ졣
ǵѪҺж̺ŸԵϴѪ䣬ܹѹһƬƺѾԽܹܵķΧ
ҰսѪ񣬹֮ʱȫȻһȭħСħϺһ͸ĿֱȾɫħѪ
ħԼȲϷҰһ벽飬ָǺһƵն£ڷҰһѪۣҰΪ롣
Ұò񼼣ܴٻظٴħսһ
Ұ̵ħƣħŵѹһе֮һʱսѽѷ֡
Զѩܷܷ֣ˣĵ֪Ұܷսʤħ
춯أħŭһɢһɻһеĺƬصˣеĴӦһƬҡ
ҰȻ壬ִ̧һƬɵȵ£
ڷҰĿ֮£ƬضǾ֮ãٴλָƽħĹ߽ĵβʣ
ħϵÿһƬһħÿһͷħӵħǵصĳŷҰ˹
ҰֳһƬأŽ׷ӡ̫ȫ£ħɱĸɸɾһǿƵĳħɱ˹ȥ
ħܵȫңƺʱսһõÿȫ߽⣬޷
ҰĬߵ񼼣˲䵽ħߣǿƵħҽ档
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ȫ֮⣬ÿһ֮ײƵģһһŵǳ֮ºȻը飬˻Ϣ
ħŭ뷽ҰӲӲҰ֮ǿԶԶӲӲĻҪѹ·硣
ҰսųĹâһ߳ÿһӵе˿ڱ塣
һ壡


790 ֮
Ұһħɱ˹ȥִ֮ݺἤ˺ѿһһմѷ졣
ħıӵ֮ȻҰѹŴϵƬըħѪҷɡ
ħٻͭ¯֮תҪҰҰս쵶ݺХħµ˿ڡ
һĻõԶңңսڶʿĿɿڴҰȫѹħڴ
ħľҰпܻħ

ʱȻӹ׽дŭ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
֮УǿϵĴų⡣
¡¡
Ȼٱӿ̺֮У˻صϢƬ˺ϣ׵ݺᣬƺĨɱһƵġ
ȫӳֵƣȴ޷סԵ١
ըһһ˿ڣɱһеٺıˣ֮ˣʱ޷ϣ
ңٻң
һͲֹͣǶɽܹ֮٣ߣ֮¡
ǰ٣ڶ콾ɫ
㷽Ұܹ沽סħĹҲ޷ȥԿ١
٣κ˶޷ֻ֣öɽ֮˶ȥȥ˾һƬ̹;ȥǻһg
ҲʰĲҽһкȻըѪڹбɷɻң׵Ļҷ
һ콾ʹ䡣
ٿɢ˺ѿҲڿٵĻָƽֻʣ¼а
ղŻ쳣׽٣ʱȴʧӰ٣ǴûйƵġ
ԶңңļʿǱ֤̤񾳵ģڲĴ³ư˭Ҳûϵ֮¡
һĻõڴսڶ콾ԼͬͣˣǼħħһ˲Զȥ
ڶ콾Ҳûȥ׷ϣһǹļ֣езǳѹ֡
ǰéĴڣħµ£Ȼ֮£õڶ콾鶼ܡ
٣ľôѶ
֮꣬壬ҲЩˡ
֮٣Ҫ񣬱Ȼ⵽콾
ϸ˵٣ѾеʿԳܵ˵ġ
Ұ̾һʹ沽ڶħħòӰĶɽ٣ϧԼ޷һͲܹϵˡ
ٴʧУͬûгֹƵġ
һҲʧߣżڽȥ
ûоԵİգҪ٣ȱ̫֯٣ΨпԼľ˵仰ת뿪Ƭǿա
Ǽֳ콾΢һĿ¶˼֮ɫ
Ҫ߳治ͬĵ̣ҳ֮ǰǿݷɡ̴ֽ̧뵽ǿתߣɫӰнʧ
ľ˿еĳҡҡͷ˳ֽ׻ľӰʧǿ
ӽӻص壬ȥԼĴ

ӷһû뵽ڤС
Ҳ죡ȱ֯ɴԳɴڤ˫ˣɫ޷裬ܻĴͥ
ÿ˵ĵͬ˭Ҳ˵˵ĵͲУڤѡ񣬲û˶˵ʲô
ѩѩʼնͣѩ֮Уѩѩܷܷ֮󣬲ûٴ̤벽֮˴εֳǰս
䣬ʣµڶ콾һȻˣȺȥ
߰ɣҲûȥˡҰ̾Ϣһѩܷܷѩ˳Żɽ˹ȥ
ǿж٣֮£ȻǶءǣιۿ٣ǽɽ٣ҲԹĺô
ҲΪڶ콾˾ӣǵô죬֮Ҳ֮Σ
һʣµЩ콾ûоԵİգӦǲˡ
ڶ鶼̾Ϣоǰ;һƬ
ۿ֮󣬶ڳ񣬷ҰЩüĿ
Ҫ񣬲ԼĴҪһּĵزһҪе֮֮תԼп̤񾳡
Ҫе֮ǰҪסеֻ֮УҪһжҪǿĿ²УȻĻûһ˿ܳ
٣޷жϣȥ飬ȥǻҷ³
Ұصɽ֮󣬲ûбչƽ͵Ĺ˵Լ鳹ƽ
ûǿӵ£ĵʱʱ̶̿ţһ
֮ʮ꣬˸Ҷ١
ҰҲеǿӵʲôоǿӵ£Լħһ¥̺ѾԽ˴󲿷壬ˡ
ҰԺһͷӦÿԿˣ
ǣҰûȻڲϵ֮ԼΪڶɽ١
һգ֣ͻȻ˷ҰʦҸоӦÿԶɽˡ
Ұüë΢ϸ֣һҡҡͷΪδ۷壬Ҫĥʱ˶ɽ١
֣ϻʦаտԶɹ٣
Ҳаնɹ٣ˡ޷жϣҵӣҲ뿴¡ҰȻͬ⡣
֣˵Ұ΢΢һЦܹսʤΪʦұͬȥɽ١߰ɣȥǿ֡
ҰԱϣ˺գӰһ͵ǿ
֣ڷҰ⣬ЦЦŷҰʩһ񣬵ʦͽ͵ˣ
й⻪СҲų˳Ե˸տտ⣬ҪʦʹʦֵĽ״
֣Լȫͷ˳ȫӿѪѹһһֱĸо
Ұ͵ĵ˵ͷħȫͷ˳ÿһëжһħŭƾ춯أƾƾѹ֣Ϣ˳
֣ͺһŷҰ˹ȥŨĻѹպ
Ұ֣սһ𣬱˴˳֮䶼Ÿִ֮Žǿ˺ѿһһĴѷ죬񱩵ݡ
ʱ֣֮ͷ˳ս֣һſҰͷæֵˣڲɽˣʦҲ̫ˣ
С껹ЦͬʱڷҰս
ҰƮȻǰ·˵㣬û˿ƣ֣ЦҹȥΪԽ֮ǰ˭ҲŶ٣
֣æӦǣĻص˻ɽУȶǱıչء


791 콾
ڽʮУ֣СҪ٣Ұ˻ȥʵʵĴڻɽǱ
ֵļһҰ治ģֻҪ򲻹Ұ;Բܶ١
٣̫ѣÿ˵ٶͬҪɽ٣һ׵飬Ұɲһеκһ˳¡
ʱУСڵΪڲϵľѾҪﵽˡ
СǸ飬ľЩͬն˹ȥöɽ٣ѵһٶʡˡ
ֻҪΪﵽ񾳣ӦþֱܹӳΪ飡
ȵСڳ֮Ҫɽ٣ҲܸٿסħǼħ
һգҰڻɽϸҵڶӵܽȻǿڶķӵܵȸԻȥɡ
Ұ˵꣬Ӱֱʧڵ̨ϣڸոգٴθӦٵϢ
޾ǿҰԶԶҹңȫԿ١
ʱʮ꣬Ҫٶˡ
ҹңһֱҪԽе콾ȴһֱڶ콾ѹͷϣǿ٣Ҫ򵱴һ飡
Ұŵûã콾ˣľ󳾡ڤ˶ƬǿС
δǵϢֱ࣬׷ϢȴȻûҪǿ١
еҹңҰҡҡͷĸӦҹңȻȲҪһЩȴҲҹңֵܹ˵ġ
ҹңε̫³çЩ
³çĴۣ
ħЩħҲӦҹңڶɽ٣Ȫħħħ˹
Ұľ󳾡ľһ֣ħħսγڤ⣬˶ûٶȻѹħ޷١
һûд¥Ϊ˵ҲİдҹңĲҽžը֮УѪȾס
ҹңĲʬǱɾжȻ˺ѿʮմѷгҹңѪǿУٴʧڰС
һ콾֮¡
ңҹңĲʬǵǱ̫ħ
ȪħħŭջظԵŭĴգʧԭء
ٺܿɢ˿ҹңʬ޴棬ǿֻʣ´ٹĻ콾ʶһۣ鶼ǳء
٣Ǳľ棡
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ǱģٵͻǱģٵԽСһЩȻ٣֮ʵǿ
˵Ǳһһ޴󣬾껣ǱҲԶһ콾ǿ֣Ǳ˵ǵ٣±ȲҹңĸӼѡ
ڶڰңҿҰסǣǶɽ٣ȻĻҲΪɻˡ
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ľʧڵһۣת뿪һ仰û˵
ľɲʲôŮѵˣȻҹңҪӭѶϣκκľٹˡ
󳾡ľӵ˴˴βδȻħսѽѷ֣˵ǵʵҲӾˡ
ڤͷӣҪΪһƵģҪԼһ㣬ҲС
Ƕû̫ͣõʱ䣬ðǶˣȻҹңԼ޷ɹ٣Ҳûа취
٣ʼѹͷһʯͷ벽ɽ٣ȫʧܣõڶ벽鶼ء
ҹңɽʧܺĺܳһʱУжûٴζ١
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ӵһԽǧУһεɫӲǼ˹ȥ
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ڤ֮ʱľҲ˷ױ֣ѩܷܷ˺˪ӰҰе쵶նȫǼ˹ȥ
˼ҰҲѪǱħħȥ˼ѪɢС
Ұ˵һ̫ħͻȪħħֻȡ˼һѪǣʣµѪǾһȫĸɸɾ
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ٲôöɵģȰλĪҪ󡣡ڤһȥ
ûж˵ʲôе˼ȴǳԣ˺ҶɽٵĻǲٲˡ
콾֮£е콾ҲýǵҲֻһûоԵİգ˭ҲԸȥ١
Ұٴηص˻ɽ֮УеڱչǱޣеں쳾ģеڲеĥԼĵ
٣ҰٶЩüĿˡҪɹ٣Ҫ񶼺ǿС
ѩܷܷ֣˵ĴǳǷȱ
Ұƶڻɽһ׽񼶵Ļרѩܷܷ֣˶ꡣ
֮⣬Ұֿеҩ֣ҺʣµҺ˽ȥһµĵҩ嵤
ֵҩԼǿ˵ǿȣµҩ֮󣬾һʱĶ˵ǿֱ׷֮


792 Сڳ
嵤ĵҩͬûκһƣȴһǳǳĺɫΣ͸һԵϢ
嵤ĹЧ쳣죬ҰڶļƷҩȫ˳ɵſš
ſ嵤ҰҪСںͻҲҪѩܷܷѩ֣С졢껸ԷֵһţʣĿš
Ұĸһţ׷ŽǸʥĸ̤ʥ߾磬ƴ˷Ұĺ⣬嵤ʺϵѡ
Ұ̾һҲⱲӻܷͻƵ벽龳磬жЩȻҲûм֡
ʣµĿ嵤Ұ͸ºһһţֻʣš
嵤Ұԥãһ͸˰ƣԱľ֮顣
һ嵤Ұ͸һĶ֣Ҷ
ҰҲ͸졢īӰˣϧ嵤ޣֻоſţҰҲЩΡ
Ұѩܷܷ嵤ҲҪϵܹɱɿڽʮУǶꡣ
úҰɴཫż˳ѹȫͷ˳Դ⣬һĴꡣ
ڷҰħʽѵУ˵궼ԽԽǿ󣬶ڳľ翿š
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Ұһ˸ϵٷ֮صʱԶԶͼһӰ֮дĵ콾İ
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ҰӰһڻɽۣ֮ԶԶСڳһϢȻȻԾ޴ѹ
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ѩѩܷܷҲ˹϶һĨЦݣСͻƵ龳磬ǳĸˡ
䣬Ѿĸ콾ɽʧܣǶڶɹٶûʲôգʼʧȥϣˣСȴϢĳˣ
Ǹڶ콾һϣ񾳣ǲ̤룡
С˿ûļӣǸһгš
ȻСˢһ̧ͷ죬ų貵ľŲâ͸һΨ
ţҰҲ̧ͷ죬սڣƺǧħ
ôˣѩܷܷ˶ɻѯ˳ǵǲûиӦʲô쳣
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϶ʹʼйû;ͱᣬүʼСںķ˫ֿ趯֮ӿһɻΪħʼǵĿ⳹ɢ


793 ħ
С̵תն˹ȥֻҪΪˣȻȻľͻƵ龳磬ٶ٣
ˣСڳΪ飬ȻǸħʼˣȻ޷ǰҲͷųһ⴩Խʱգѹɽ
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СϢʱ򣬻ǰһһȺСܹĲֺҪͷųѹΨҶʣȻѱ
Уһ飡
ħʼǵĿⱻСڱ֮󣬲ûٴγ֣һʧӰ١
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ħʼǵոձСڻҶľڤ˾͵˻ɽ֮УСӭ˻ɽϡ
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ڼСٴ̸˸ͻƵ֮ʱӦڶ콾׷ײ²⣬ǶоǱħʼסˡ
ħʼΪҪסڶ콾Ҳ²⣬ӦѰʲô
ħʼ浽ҪѰʲôǾͲڶ콾ܹ²ĳˡ
ձΪħʼҪѰҵģǴδԻ飡
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ڤ콾ҲЩǵĲ²ģ֮ϻľ磡
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˵ħͣƬ̣ƺ֯ԣּҵ˽⣬ӦýСеһϻǧ磬ǲʿáȻЩϢҲżȻ޾ǰǼأǷʵҲ֪
ħٴͣ£ֵ޾ǰأ񾳱˼ѣͻƵ񾳲̫ѵ顣зħʼķӡйءֻҪħʼķӡͻƳҲӦûࡣ
ħһϯڶ콾Ī
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ľǻǰһǸճͱħʼ͵ϮˣһЩ˽ԶԶħࡣ
ħȻֻƬļأǼԿ϶֮ϻǧ磡
һ־Ȼ񾳲Ƕ㣬ǶͻƵ񾳵ǲôżˣǶţǵʣܹ嵽ߵĲΣ
磬ֽһ֮սֻҪħʼ沼µĴݣǾܹߵľ磡
񣬲յ㣡


794 ڤɽ
ڻɽ֮۵콾ʢᣬÿһ콾Ķ࣬ħҲ˽⵽һЩйص顣
ҪͻƵ񾳣ؼҪڵתΪ֮
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֮֮еΣ֮󳬺ħҲǣ֮еκһִﲻ۷״̬ȥ١
ħľ棬ڶ콾ģǿиϣȻա
ڶ콾ֽһĵãԸȥ
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鵽ʲôӵģħҲ֪ʷҲδйء
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鶼˺֣ΨħûУҰȴûиеʧΪħ
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ħѾһĲˣֻҪȫͲǧĹ¼š
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СֻȥǰѰټ֮⣬֪ǷܹѰõء
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һգҰȻӱչгڻɽۣ֮⴩Խ޾գңԶǿ
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콾ɽ֮ʱħħҳšħС밲Ȼɽ٣Ҳô׵飡ħһɫĹųһҫ۵Ĺ⻪һɺƴϢû뵽С
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ҰʱսѾ״̬µ飬ڵֲ֮֮УҲûðȻȥ֡
ҰĿת£֮в׽һ˿Ѻۣ˶ɽ֮ˡ
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ҰһʱͲ²˳칬¾ʼҲǴ˵еʮأ
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һӰСڵӰӰпֳжһɫľӣӡ˹ӵĻƣ͸һɺƴϢ˼Ϲ⣡
ӵľУһΪɫѸϮڤ
飬ܾˣ𣬻Ȫħֻħ̫ħ볯Сڹɱ˹ȥ


795 ڤ
С͸һΨҶĸƣȫųŲ⣬еɫӽϹ⣬γһƬɫĻӲħĹ
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ʱең񱩵׳ڤصغȥ
ʱڤܵشȫ޷⼸֯һ١
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ʱкȻ̽һֻӨ֣ͬ֬һ㣬ƺƣȴڤӦһϢ
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Сڼɫžӳһɹɺ嫵Ϊֻ࣬ħսһ
ľױּ˳ȥͬʱлһѻУĺɫ⻪ĳħɱ˹ȥ
ħ˸űɫ⻪͸һѹʮصĸƺħ˶ѹסˣǿƵĹħ
㺮칬̨ǵˢһ˫̨ۣų⣬˲佫ǹûڡ
ӹ㺮칬߳һ񣬵Į̣ףתŴ񻪡
߻
ŲȻһ֣һ¸ؼ䣬ʼĴ磺գ֮ͥͥսѾѰɣսʼ
ͥݷʮ꣬ڵȵ˽죡
ڵսѪѷڣħĲ
ʮĵȺ򣬾Ϳˣɱ
ǣսѪȼսħ壡
µĹأξͲʼ

һսڵĺХſŴиԳǿߣÿһǿߵΪﵽʥ߾磬۳һʥֱžŴ챮ɱ˹ȥ
ЩӢ꣬ġѪ
еͷߣȫǰ벽飡
֣ͥ
ҰĳȣҲû뵽̨ǹʱ侲ֹͥĴ󲿷
һħɱ˹ȥִ̧ǹµĻ棬ħסǿƵĹݺݵĴħϣħĳѺۣħѪȾ
϶Ǻû١һĴţԳʼС
Ǻһ徲ΪĴ񹬣ǰ˾칬
˾칬ų⣬һ뷢԰׵һţǵ
˾칬ǵʣӵսǿĳħɱ˹ȥ
ţҲûţԼǽŹħɱȥ
ѩܷܷһֳһɫĴԼһƴһţ͸һɺ嫵ˮϵĵˮ
ˮʥͽǧʥʵӡХ۳һɺ嫵ʼеħ
ӡΪۣĥʼеıԴ
ҶֳһõĹιԣӿֳڶʥǿߵӡһ𣬱ƬŹħ
ڤһɵӰѹأӡƬħĥ
ڤʼŰԼǽӼ˳ȥ֮춯أƬħ壬ɱȫȾѪɱذ
Ƽڣƺһߣͬӿֳ޾ӡʼоҵķţĥʼıԴ
ﻯȸӰӡӿƬƬĥħʼܡ
Ľҫϵ˸󻯳һŰɫа׻Ӱ֣ӡ̺ɱʼıԴ
峾׷ɣֳһɵ칬ӰһţسĹгƬӡƬʼеıԴ֮


800 
ڶ鲼ţΪһս
ĵҰû뵽׻µڽҫϣû뵽ߵ峾ϡ
һһӡӿ磬ÿһӡǶʥϵǿƬƬӡʼĥʼıԴ֮Ҳš
֣ȫŻ⻪͸һ׺ԾܣֳһŹףƬƬӡǻŻ⻪ʼ
Сŭֳܸһɱгÿһɱ֮жڶӡǸ֣һɫ
Щ£ӡǣȫʥϵǿЩǿߵı˶ʧ³֮УʣһӡǣȻΪܶš
ĥʼıԴЩӡҲʼɢУӡɢЩûǿҲˡ
Ȼδκ֣Ǿ񳤴棬໹ŵӷطܶҪнеһ˿ϣ
ԸɵҲԸһĻ
ǲɱ䣬ҲеһӡǣʱҲħ֮ɱţɱĻȾѪ
ֳ̣ڷҰ棬̫ħɱ˹ȥв˽̫ܶħУ󳾸̫ħŲ֮𣬲ϧԼȫɱ̫ħҪ̫ħն¡
ľƵԾĵâ˺ѵأħݺն֮
ӽ񽣵ȫӳѸޱȣӰħǿ߾Ѿ촦Ӳħг忪һӡ
ѩĵΪŽʥ߾磬ʱҲѩУħոħ
һۻУҲһħսţնɱƬħ塣
ʼеڶħƬƬ䣬еĸ콾Ҳ˲أȻ಻ǿ߱ʼսǰ̣һǰ
ս쳣ĲңʼѪȾˣɫħѪѪɺӣǿԹ
Ȼؼһ嫵ѹƺϲƵģѹ˶һ͡
Ұȫǧħһȭʮ飬ưɨ߿գսĵ϶ܾˣɣ
ħʼһʱƬ飬ؼ両ֳһħӰ
ħǧֱֻۣϷĺħõ÷ҰСڵȼλ鶼ܵһɺƴѹ
ǧħ
Ұоħʼı壡
٣Ⱥһţһ˿깶ԭռǿߵӡԸҡַȻЩӰ죬Ҫɱңûһ˿ܣǧħޱȣħʼ
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϶͵ʰˣҰжȻ˿ǣ˿˸ǰδеҫâ
˿ǣǰȺ޾£Ϊһ죡
ÿһǶΪһ飬תŴѹʮأⶼǵ껯
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˿ǳ֮ȫڷʼеϢѹΧħֺڶħ嶼޷
Ҫе֮
ԭ˲ֵģ鹬УȥɣľһһƮ̵칬칬гһǣҲڿٵʼеϢ
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ս죬ոչǿƵĻɱһħ
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ħһУؼǺ嫵ľǹ±У͸һɺ嫵ܡ
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ţ뷢԰׵ĵ𻯳šɵǳ¾ģתһ徲ΪϢ
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ǵ˵ͷֳŰ˾칬С˾칬һãû뵽ڣ͸ѹǿʢ
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ȻһŮӻ࣬°ףüеѩӡǸҫۣǷѩ飡
ѩֳѩУѩеѩзһХųâڷѩС
ѩᶶеѩУѩ£ѩ뵽ڣѹٴαǿǧħɱȥ
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鱦ι뵽ڣһɱ춯أԾɱǧħ
ǹһ黯ֱŷҰ֣Ұڵľżٻ˳ȥǧħɱ˹ȥ
һ¾ҰЩϣ˾ȻǾżֻ֮ʧ޾֮ǰֻʣ껯ˡ
ٻ˾żʱ򣬷ҰҲ֪ĵţ
ԪʼԻں鹬ǿս壬ɱǧħ
һӲӵԻȫ͸һҰϢǳϤҫ񽣵ˣ
ҫѱ޾֮ǰʣһؽҲҰԱˣֻʣ껯Ȼֱǰĳǧħɱȥ
ȻԻǺ飬ʮǰ͸ˣ£Ҳʣһ껯һԲɱǧħ
һ飬÷ҰЩ⣬鿴ֻǸӣһĪ֮Ȼ֮
棡󳾼ؾҲûյĵȻ
֮󳾵ȻЦЦй̣ĿתƵ̫ħϣɱȻĵڶԸǧħ֮ǰ̫ħ


801 ħ
֮ǰǰһ飬֮µڵͳһֱصһʱ䣬յҪնɱ̫ħꡣ
Ѳ⣡֮зһ죬
֮ڵƬȫһĪ֮ϵָǰδеһ嫵ֱ̫֮ħ
̫ħʮѾҰ飬ʱ֮Ĺ˿Ҵ⣬һ̫飡
̫ħδ䣬Χӿֳһϵıƺû˿Ĵַ·顣
֯һ·ԻƵģǵ֮£̫ħҲýˣ˿˿ɫѪ
֮һĳ̫ħǰ̫ħսһ
ֻ֮ʣһ껯̫ħǾһ̶ص֮Ҳû˱̫ħսѽѷ֡
棬㣡󳾿зһȫѪڣ֮֮һɱ̫ħ
Ҳڰ벽龳ͣ˺ܳʱˣ龳һ֮ңϻδ֮սҲС
֮껯֣ܿͽ̫ħѹ·磬նɱ̫ħǳ顣
Ŵ֣ÿһ鶼չֳǿ̬ǧħǾ޴ӰԡѪս
񱩵ܱŽŰҵǧħһֱ۽ըŴҲ˺ѿһһĿӡ
⻹ΪŴֵֵסǧħԵʣǵսǶǧħĶ֡
ǧħħʼ棬ΪѾԽ飬ԶһܹģڶҲΨһֲ֮һս
ҰսɨһȦ콾Ѫڶħǿ䣬һһĺɫ
ս֮Ǽħս֮
Сֻħս񷣬ֻħ˺ѿһһѪڣСҲֻ֮մȾʴ
ľħս죬ʱױ֣ʱУͭ¯ϼһ貵Ļ𻨡
ħתѹǧƣѹħڴսħϵ֮
ҰӰһ˲ڶľǰ쵶ųһĨĿĹʣһѤӣǿƵĳħնȥ
ħٻͭ¯˷ҰԾһֻͭ¯ȴһϸ΢ơ
ľٳȥеĻ˸һĨĺɫâ׽ħΪ룬ħѪȾȺ
ħƬħҪһ𣬷ҰӰ˲ħԣ쵶ٴŭն¡

һ۵Ұһٴնͭ¯棬õͭ¯ٴζ˼Ѻۡ
ļֽ̌ױּ쫷ƵܸɴħǰȻԱ
嫵Աܾ춯أͭ¯ը鿪ͬʱҲõʼеıԴ֮ļࡣ
ħո۳ΣͱԱĻϢҲϽը
Ұ䣬ħһ飬ݺᣬÿһħѪޣȫħĻᡣ
ħ䣡
ʼеǾ߽Ҳû˴Ŀܡ
ҰͶľǹħħͱħ˴󲿷֮ʱҰͶľһֵ֣ܹס
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ٲܾͱһ鿪ħҪӴܣҰԻΪסħҲµ
һ쳹صĲ̫ħ֮󳾺УҪ۶޹Ҳĺ󳾡
ֻħСƴɱһֻ֮ŵȫ˳Ҫֻ֮롣
磡СһܶȻųһžŲ⣬ΪһƬŲεĽֻħڳС
Ұľħһֻ֣ħֻ֮ͬź飬ӡȫĥ
ڴͬʱľƼľϵܷӵ£ڤħС
ڤħͱҰɵˣֻһʶ˾޷ٴؾˣ䡣
ħһȴ콾һΧסڤ壬ӼɱīӰ֣»ħսѽѷ֡
κβħħҪɱеκһҲѶȲС˴˽ֵļսš
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쵶ͻأֳԾһħΪ룬ħٴۼҰն䣬㽫ħӡǶĨȥ
ħ⼸ħ¾
Ұβͣ˲ͳԴߡ
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Դһ벽飬ֵܹסҰԾһûӦͱҰһΪԴҲ뵽˷ҰС
ڷҰֵʱСҲΪһӰߣ䣬УմҲСڵС
ǧħŴ裬ǼħħյʱҪԮ˻ҲֻܸɿЩħħһһɱ
ħЩǿߣҰȫǧħɱ˹ȥ
ǧħǶصħǰλʩֶΣǧħս˰Ȼ׶Ρ
ȫ߶ǹ£֮ǧħһһֱۣİɫȹҲȾɫͬѪҺеѪеǧħɫħѪ
һ壬ǽȫͷ˳൱һ𹥻ƾ춯أĵӰȸղűࡣ
ѩѩͬոƵģոǧħһֱۡ
鱦Ŀɱɱ⾪죬Ԫʼս˫еľż񻯳һƬݺɱ򣬺һƬ֮ȫ̡
ڶ鶼ħʼǧħƴɱţǵȴţΪһսʱȫڲҪĴսѹħʼڴ
Ұ˵ļ룬õǧħл֮ǧħĴ󲿷ֱ۶ǸˣֻʣǵĲֱۡ
٣ǲôãеͣΪͿɱΣǧħĮ飬ħԻЩħֶ£˻϶ѱЩֱ۶ٴ˳״̬ٴλָ۷壡
еڶ콾һۣһоأ˵ǽڶħħ¾ˣֻҪħʼ滹ڣԶֻһ


802 ۷ս
ǧħջǧħ֣Ϊٴλָ۷壬һɽѹڶ콾ͷ
ھʤΪ֮磡һעңһȻܴսҰսȻĻﴫأѹ綼ںѣڶ콾ڵսµȼһ콾ٴȼս⡣
ϣŵĵȴսѪδ־𣬺ϧһսħдһԶƴ죬̺ƺƬشں
Ԫʼ鱦񡢷ѩ顢֮񡢽񡢺Ⱦһ֣ʩչǿֶΣٴǧħսһ
ϣǰȻħ죬ǾɱǬĴȳ쿡սޣȫȼ
ণ
һ쳹صٱΣ׻Ϊһͷȸÿһ˸ųҵĻɫʣϢ
ȸȫĻۣٴԻȸı塣
ǧħȻЦһʲôã
ͷȸһ˲û뵽˻ڣܻһ׻ȼ͸һѱķɡ
ͬʱļҲԷ˱仯
ڤڹɱһͷѹԵ룬췢һ춯ص֮ںڤڡ
ƱзƵʧȫΪһ˲û뵽˰ڡ
ѩܷܷĺˮ۳һͷƵ䣬ҫ컯ɱһͷѹصİ׻峾칬ܻһ޾Ļɫߣںڡ
Ұ΢ֻ벽ʹﵽ龳Ļڤ֮ʩչ飡
Ƶȫɱڵļս֮УϵĺǧħһֱۣǧħıԴ֮
֣ͷڷ趯Ź׺ȻƿϢһصΰг
žÿһ̺һѹصΡƣ˾ƵģѹǧںŹΪǧħѹ˹ȥ
㻹ţǧħг˲ŵ
һ壬ǴƵľ콾
һȫд䣬ӵ۷ս
壬Ϊáֲ״̬֮УǧŲ࣬
㻹ţղħѪȾ죬Ѫħ𷢳һĵ֮ŹгһƬǧħɱ˹ȥ
СܵȻһϵ칬ӡƶϵЩӡһģһ
һתŴϢӰ칬иֶֽ뵽ڣһɱ󣬿Ծɱǧħ

ʱӵĵкֻ꣬ȴûʷУս졣
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һħڴսкȻը飬֮ħǿ
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콾һʱħٴ۳ǧħӣأոûʲô
ûõģҵı岻һ磬򶼱ˣҲӰ죡ǧħʼÿսĸ콾
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Ҳ޷ҪҵȻǿص飡֪飬ңҳȥҲδɡǧħĻɱ䣬û˿ɵ˵˳
ڶһۣϸԸֳһ˿Цɫ
飬˲֪жٴˡ
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ҰĬûж˵ʲô
Ұо鼫пܾйأһִֻҪ»ᷢԤϵĴ£ʴٳδû
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ǧħĿˢһעҶϣĮĵŽһ벽飬˭ĵ
ҶѹƵΪͷųͷĸ߿˲۳һź嫵Ľƣд󲻶
Ҫ٣
ǧħɫ΢΢£һǧֻħ֣ҶȥҪҶһɱ
Ұȫ֣һǿǧħǧħٴδսһ
ҶǧħЦ϶ǽִԴеһдܻҶܸӦһ˲ĵϸȴҶ
ǧħŭ³Ҷɱ˹ҪҶɱУȴٴαڶ衣
Ҷӵٴ˵˳һһεۣǽʼعҲµûĻʼܹԻý飡ҲԴȪڣֻҪʼȻˣ㱾д棬Ҳл򣡡
һɺԣǧħŭųҶɱ޲ýҶɱ
ڶ콾ȫųһĨϣɣһսԱɱ󣬵ȼ׭ֶξȫħĻŸĺɫ
ʼľ챮Ρ룬뵳һɹɺ嫵Ļʼһ𣬾ʥ߶Զʼ̫Ӱ졣
챮ǧħµĺ֣ʼǿһǱҲԶԶڶ콾ԴƵġ
гӡ۳ƬĥʼıԴƬƬӡɢʼıԴ֮Ҳš
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Ҷٽ䣬Ǿ챮Ҳ޷ס٣ٵƬɫҶڡ


803 
ǧִ£֧֣
٣ؼĴκ˵־Ϊתƣûκα̺ŻصѾͳܵķ롣
Ҷɽ٣ʱõôƬƬĺɫΪ촷ۣǾŴ챮衣
ڶԽԼľѧʩչ˳ǧħսһŽƬɫݡ
ӡһĥʼıԴƬӡԶʧʷ֮Уʼ̺Ҳڿĥš
ڶȡӡȫĸɾʼҲٴ룬ǧħҲȾѪϢ˥
ʼ棡ʼе޾ħȫ
ǧħĿбһƬбŽɱϵħҷ۳һɺƴС
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ǧħĻ£е޾ħȫʼҺһħ嶼ǧħԴתΪ籾Դ֮ǵصĳǧħ˹ȥ
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Ƭ̵ʱ䣬еħ壬ǧ½תۼȫҲû˿
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޾ħ籾Դ֮ǧħۣʼбѵĴٴλǧħҲָ۷壬һڼţ
ҪħӳǿֹܹһŹųһҫ۵Ļâݺݵسǧħɱȥ
䣡
غһǧ赲ǧħʮֱۺУҪֹǧħħ
հɣû´ĻʼӦþһеǧħĲֵһֻ֣ҪʼǴҰŭһǧħ֮ԥļԴӣʼкȻԱ˿
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Сڼոյõմâ˸ͬ鿪ըѡ
ϵĽµ̨˳ȥû˿ɵԱٴκƬ
ϵЩǰ֣ľˡ
˵ĿⶼڷҰϣ֪ҰϻƶǽƶҲԱˣܽʼıԴ֮㡣
Ұһ̯ƣƶУ飬ƶԱмֿܻ
˵ԱƶͻȥǷҰԸԼҲԸԱƶ
ƶ⻪˸ֱڷҰԺ֮УϴʮְտԻֻҪٻڵǣҪΪߵʱпˡ
飬ɵ£Աƶǻ취һʲô飬ǶһӵģСҲ˵˳üǵǡ
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ҰҲٽ飬Żѯʵ飬㻹ʲôҪ𣿡
齫ƿռеƷȫתƵ˷ҰУٵĳŷҰϴǴʼȲҪŷٴǰѪڵǴħɽһˣҽķչԹĺô
Ұ֣صͷãһȥһ˵ģ֪ɱˣʲô̬ҶԸģ
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䣡
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ʱҰظӦһϤϢ뵽Լеǿ֮Уõӣ˲ʵ
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֣ϻ⻪Цʱδ뵽벽龳ģ϶ûлгˡЩѾ̤뵽񾳽ģֻҪΪﵽɶɽ֮ʱǻŶɽٳϣ
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֮У󳾡ڤľīӰȺ񣬻ΪϢԵʣǶɽٵѶȱȷҰ˶ɽ֮ʱҪСö࣬ǵٵû̫⡣
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ʱ֮УͥͷҲٴԭħڵض鵽£գͥ
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ҰٳٲΪлĸĸϣô˵ﵹǷĲ٣ص껵ļ򣬵ЦģΪʦѾܸˣ˿Զɽٵʱȥɽ٣Ƕ򣬻ɽҲ˿㶯ġ
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ԶҪȹ̵ö࣬Ұ£Թ֮ƿر࣬ǻܹǿڿշС
ֻҪ˲ƣȴˣ˵˺ˡ
ҰԶһҪǿö࣬ʶҲֻ쵽ԲǧķΧ޷ӦķΧ
ңҰ޷͸ܹһռʹãʱȫѹڣ˿ö𲻵
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ôһ룬ҰٴοǰĿͲһˡ
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Ұƿݸ磬ЦСҶԴ˴ϤЩ£⼸͵Ǳˡ
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ʼ仰ıꣿһԼǲˡ
ô㲻Ը𣿡Ұɻѯʡ
Ը⣬Ը⣬ȻԸ⣡ĺҪ⼸ֻôʼ仰֮ɫȴûмŽӹҩϸĵŷҰһ䡣
ҰжСһЩøУ˳ֽƿ׸磬Ц°ɣҪ飬˵ûʲô˵ȴҪ
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ͷǧеĺ磬嫵ޱ޼ʡҪΪĴ򣬷ֱΪϻ硢硢Į磬ÿŽٸÿнٸϵÿϵгǧ򡣡
˵ҰɵõһĺƴԶԶԤϣ붼ġ
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ҰаԾ裬ϣǧ飬ʦнٸڣԺµҪСһЩˡ
ڻ޷Уֻʱס̩ϣ̩ǵһЩ飬˽ȽϺá
Ұ̩ǵֲΣ
͵̩ǹֱ콣šɺϼ壬ÿʮϵʦٸڶԽСһЩļɣһϵʦʮϵڶСǾͶ಻ʤˡ
ҰЦŵ˵ͷ˵ĺϸҺ⣬Ը˵˵ǼΪڼһǶ𣿡
££ǰ㷢ϸֳһ˿ɬЦݣ̾Ϣǰͱȡˣϻ֮У󲿷ֳӤȫͨģ΢¾ܹﵽ佫硣һģ߰Ҳܽ佫磬֮ǰܽ硣
˵糤̾Ϣһĵʮ껹û佫ģѾǲ޿ɲˡǸʵϵ磬ʮ֮ǰһܽ뵽磬ֻܼ޸˵檣Ϊ˵ϣã
Ұ̽£ľϸ΢Ŀڵľ缸ǲܵ飬⵹˷ѩСʱ
Ұ԰οҪģ½иͽܣȫϻһɱεĴ޷Ӧκε־ᶨӲ߳һȭ򷨵Ĵҷ֮ǰҲﵽ˰벽ľ硣ʻܱ𣿡
ųһĨϣ⣬ͨһˣŷҰ˵ֱͷϿҵĵΪ˵ǰΪͽ
ҰϸһЦ꼴ԵҸշ㣬˵֮ԵֲǳȻİʦҽΪͽ


808 ĵ
ݼʦϲŷҰٴοͷ
ҰֽЦضˣΪʦշһҰ֡㻹ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦС졢ʦ껡֣С춼Ѿ񾳣ϼ֪ĸǧС껼̤񾳣ֻҪΪʦػ½ˣѹΪȻҲöˣҲǳ顣ס⼸ʦֵ֣ǽмĻᡣ
𾪵ĵɴ˫ʦ˵ʦֺͶʦȫﵽ龳磿ʦҲˣҶ½˽⣬ﵽ벽ͱͻƵ龳磬ǧжǳѣ½ûУͻƳôܣ
ڽλʦ֣ѹ붼û룬ǧ磬֪ǻĸء
ҰЦΪʦ˵ĶʵΪʦڵǸ½ǰЩ⣬ڵҲָˡ飬Ҫ߱ˡ
֣صĵ˵ͷʦģҾ͸¶κˣҸĸãҲǣ
ҰͷȻ²ĳŷҰʦǼʦֶô˼ҿ϶ǵʲôɣ
ҰЦ㿴ϼһԺֱӺʦˣǵɡ
ҰһͽŰɣӽԺŵĵĵӡ
£ɵĵʦɸòողİɣ
ҰЦɵȷΪʦոģֻͽˣûΪô㲻˶ɣ
ôأŸյһ񣬽϶Ҫ쳹磬ǧ磬ۼ֤ŵĵ˻أչնЦݹ
ҰͷЦΪʦܾɣٸ񡣡
ܾɫЩ㵡
ҰЦܾҪȽȫ飬Ȼ̽ǳʹ࣬ͬ⣬һܾ񼶹ͬ⣬Ҳᴫһ񼶹ֻľ񼼹Ҳչ
񼶹
пϵʦȻҪ񼶹
һϸֳһĨᶨɫȻʦܾΪٴʹҲܹܣ
ֱѧϰ񼶹ܾӸԴϸıԼʣţܾ֮񼶹ؽ죡
ãʹܿͻȥһ¡Ұ͵ĵ˵ͷִϣһɰԵӿݿĽȫݻ١
ʹȫϲ˶ĺ飬ȴҧأһԡ
ҰüеĻҡҷӳһصĻΪӿľ
Щϴһǰδеļ͡
Ժŵ˵ҰΪЩ̩ҲڶһУй֮
ܾ֮ʱеڵʹƺʧˣȴһʸС
һ֮󣬷ҰջƣЦˣȸһ°ɡ
Լľȫᶼ̲ס滨꣬ƿЦĵʮˣڲñƲˣܹˣڲñɼĳ޳ȥˡ
Ұûд˷ܵĽк缤ӣҰҲǳˡ
֮ŻŷҰصؿ˸ͷлʦ֮ӽԺʦˣ
ҰٴνЦŵɣʦͲôˡ۸㣬ţʦ
Ұ̬ȣͽ̬ܵȻкܴġ
ͽܣ۸ˣǾԼŬԼĳԼ
簤۸ˣҰԳִȥ
һ˷֮ɫʦոշûطţȻؼҰɡ
˼ϸ壬ȻѾݷҰΪʦûмѯ񼶹뷽Ұؼҡ
Ұ˵ͷЦҲãǾȻؼҡ
統·ŷҰϸĽܵʦǰ߰϶ƴĳǳؾǲƳǣ̩ų֮һ̩ǷԲǧƳǽռҾҡҶ㶦
ҰѯʵڲƳУΪǺˣʲô磿Σ
ܸɴĵƳΪߣ̫ϳϣӦʦڣҺҶҵ涼ʦڡӦöԻһʦֻҲڲƳУǧİ벽飬飬Ǹ֡
ҰԵͷԼںľ绮֣ҲһЩ
ľ绮֣в࣬ÿ󾳽綼ΪǰڡڡںԲ⼸С硣
ľ绮֣ҰڵΪӦǴڣ̤ڡ
ųоʦڵǿߣҰоǵ͵һЩȽϺá
ֻǣʱ͵ס


809 ǿưԵ
ԶԶȥƳǾһƵ̾ǰǽƣΡ롣
ƳǵĳŶа֮ڶʿڳſ߽߳ǳ֡
ҰһɨȥΪĺͯǴʦ磬佫洦ɼɵþ̾ѡ
֮ʱ֣ںͯʱҲûбֵ졣
ףĻͬелȻԶԶ޷ȡ
ƳխĽֵнʮɿֵ߲ɫɫĵ棬¥ݣ󣬵ҩ꣬꣬ȵȡ
һҵ󣬷Ұ˼ɵԶˣ뵽˻˵תûôǰףڶһЩ
Ȼ㣬ôӦƥ񵤣ǧ񵤣ڷҰ˵Ҳʲô̫ѵ顣
ڷҰĳʱ򣬺Ȼߴһ٬ϣⲻ𣿡
Ұ˳ķȥͼԶһȺ˴ӵһ껺һָ߸ϵĿ⸩硣
ҰΪںھ磬ΧȺΪ𾳽磬Ļ
ĿУҰѾ˽⵽һʿڳ֮ʱܹﵽ磬ܹﵽԲҲֺټġ
꣬¶һ˿ɵɫŷҰʦƴϣһǰʮš
ƴϼȻҲԼʱɫŭһЦ磬Ѿͷңұȥϱ壬ü彫͸Ϊ檣ʱôŪ㣡
ž
ƴϵĻδ䣬һĶƴϵƵĵ˻ȥߵЩȫǰ衣
ҰƣĿɨ棬ȻĶǵԡ
һĻõýֵϵ˶ˣһǿƵĿŷҰ
ҲӿֳһĨŵɫҰ䣬Сĵʦƴһ۰ӣ¿Ҫ鷳ˡ
Ұ֣¶һĨȻЦ⣬ԾĵסŵһŹ棬˲ңҲˡңնݳǿСӺͬһķϣѾһʬˡ
ͷָһЩɫ
ƴϵЩƬ̣һŭʲôˣҶƴү֣𣿡
žžžž
һЩһȫҰ˳ȥ
ƴϴӵʵȫ׳ͷֽһ֧գ˫ĿԹŷҰĵڲƳǶҵϵ֣ҲŹģ
ҰɨƴһۣһƴϵϣƴϵŹߵľϣϲѪǱ
ûʵͱšҰȻȴһ־µİѹԶЩаϻ
ಡ
Ƭ֮䣬һƷʮӰڰУÿ˶ɢǿƣĿȫ۵˷Ұϡ
ҪںնУҪﵽʥ߾У
Щǿߣȫʥߣ
һǸĿӣѪӿ͸һǿʥ֮Ǹʥǿߡ
ȫѹŷҰȥۻĵʲô˸ҵĵҰ
ֵϵڶʿȫŷҰǶϳӵ֪ҵһʥȻˣǷҰʮа˾Ҫ군ˡ
ڶʿ֮Уеϧеֻ
Ұ̧ӣ˫иֳصģ¶һ˿°Ц⣬ĵұ
ҰеģæŰе˴˸ƣæ
ƴϴӵӴ˵æЪ˹Ĵ壬ڲƳǶҵϵ֣ûаҷУ壬ɱ
ұ죡ŭݵĳƴϴһֳŷҰ񣬹ĵԶɽݼǰ֪ƴ⺢Ϊʲôǰ
Ϸ绯һĻ˶еһ㵣ǱΪԶɽݺݵؽѵѵҰģû뵽ԶɽԷҰ̬˹
ңԶɽл˵ǡǰ
ԶɽΪﵽʥˣеġǰΪǸߣ
Ұ̧̧ͷʾ£ĵҵӣСӸճԵϷҵӣұֽѵһô
ԶɽƴϿ϶˵ʲô٬Ļˣŭ˷ҰݺݵصƴһֳۣŷҰֵûûȻǰʦǾҵĹͣƴϳԲѷܴ˽ѵҲǻãͽѺȥһ½գȥ˼ǰΪΣ
Ұͷ뽫ʹգȻԶһۻ嫵ҿ˭Ҷ
δ£һ¸߹ڵ߾ͳ嵽˳Уƴߡ
߼ƴǱģŭݵĵ϶˭˳
ߣƴɫϲæָҰµĵүүһҪΪڴϼҲ˵һ䣬֪СͳִҡүүҪΪұ
ԶɽƲæƴϵĻ壬ƴдȣŭʦѵҲӦá
˫ĿŭԶɽȳԶɽ㻹ǲ֮ˣ
ԶɽЦ£Ͻߴ͵壬λǰһ飬ʦƴϵλϷ磬λǰûǸˣ˼Ҿͣͣɡ
ߵĿڷҰϣܵҰɲϢ֮ɫ÷ǳѿ
Ǹ벽ʿ飬ɲ̫š
ҲڰԸмԶɽԶɽѣָ˵ʲôĻء
Ұߣ̲ĵСӵĴ
һŷҰһ񣬵ХݼǰƴϳײǰԽѺȥգϣǰҪһʶ
ƴ𾪵Ŀ࣬ΪԼүүԵ֮󣬿϶ὫСģ뵽Լүүִ
ƴǸɵӣʱҲ˹ǳʦһ飡
ƴаԺ²ѣ飬̩ҲǧˣҼҲʮңԼȻǵ飬ûˡ
ҰէѵƴһͿˣҲҶսǳλڡ
Ұİ˰֣ȥɣٸɧͽܣҾûô˵ˡ
ХһϻҲҶ˵ƴϿʧ
ԶɽŷҰٴһ񣬴ȺʥҲ뿪˴˴ʲô鶼ûƵġ
аԸпЩһ涼ɵõĴԼʦǰȻ˳ͬСèƵģףʵ


810 
Ұһ𣬷صסһԺ֮С
̩Ǿ޴ޱȣڲƳҲռ࣬ÿӵȫֵܹһԺ䣬븸ĸõ˵ǲûסһ
ŷҰ˵ĵʦ㻹ХҶλȨص֮󣬾Ȼ˳̫˼ˡ
ҰЦŬɣ㽫ҲﵽΪʦڵľġҴһ񼶹סԲ⴫
ӽģ˫Ŀ˸żĹ󣬹վ˷Ұıϡ
Ұüй⻪˸ӿֳһ֯һӡǣû뵽ü֮У׾ƹ
׾ƹԭĶЩ
ƹǾתܻģ˵ת޷⴫ǷҰҲݾתԾƹ˲ָڵľƹʵķԾ
˵ڵľƹ޷תȣڵľƹҲЩ񼶹Ҫöࡣ
ˢһ˫ۣĵʦ׾ƹ±Ķغ񹦻Ҫǿ
񹦣񹦻ֵȼ𣿡Ұɻѯ˳
˵ͷƮǵģں֮У񹦹־żܹ龳Ĺһ񹦣ܹʦľǶ񹦡Ȼûмҵغ񹦣Ҹоʦ׾ƹӦûҵغ񹦻Ҫǿ
ҰаƹǴӾתתģȲϾתҲ񹦶Ҫǿ
Ҫ֪ǧħĸħǷӡѰҳžתĻܲã
ҰЦֻнݾܹߵֵزҪԼŬ
ʦģӾ㶪˵ġصص˵ͷϵɫǳļ
ҰóһɢʥľŲһӡ˳׸磬ΪͽҲûʲôǸ߼ʥ͸㻤ɡ
ͽлʦ˷ܵĽӹŲԽԽϲ֡
ҰĿ磬ѵΪ˷ֹʥ֮˼ȡҷӡܣΪļһһĽ⿪õķӡΣյʱ򣬱ԶҲֻܻΣҪá
ͽסˣһݡ
ҰЦȥɣҸմ㹦ʲôõطΪʦΪ󡣡
ҰѾӡĨ֮ܿͽϣ뵽ڣȥһȥˡ
ҰԺеһµʯԣĬ˾תʱŰ޾Ϣ۶
֮еϢֵط֮ٶҪϳɰǧ
ҰΪȲţ龳ԽԽʱпͻƵӡ
⻹ǵھת죬ȫžת죬Ұܹչ١
ҰһֹͣĿԺſڵķ򣬵Ȼûɡ
Ժ֨ѽһ򿪣һ׷ͯյƮȻ룬ңңͳŷҰ˹֣ЦǺǵĵλˣʤ˵ˣݷá
Ұ׸ӦߵľΪڡ
Ȼ߶ŰݷãҰҲûаڼӣ𣬳ʤ˹֣Цˣ·ҰȥҰݻһģȴŰݷãǷĳʩˡ
ʤҰó豭ٴóһ裬㣬Ƣ
ҶǷҰʼ֮ʱ˳ȡĿ裬Ҳֻвһ
ֿϢɵĹŲ裬д鼶ʤҲǿ
ʤʱӣŲ豭Ʒһڣı˫ϸƷζţβ˫ۣ˫һ⣬޵ò裡ҵľ࣬軹ãʴ˲ʲô裿
ҰЩ죬еĿ裬Ϣɣ֮УϢ࣬ʤûȹֲ裿
Ұ˿ʤ飬ʤڹҶѵҶôã
Ұ㷴Ӧ˹֮ʢĿ裬Ϣ⣬лһϢ
ΪϢԵʣŻֿ裬иͲֲҶѹʤûڵĳޡ
Щͷڵʯ֮ˣҰʤȻһЦ˲Ϊ裬ҲżõһЩ
ʤ˵ͷŲ豭ŷҰѯʵѣ˵ΪͽܣҲãûȤռ츳õͽܣ
ҰĵͽܣʣֻԺԵ֡һúý̵ҾͲˣҲûôʱ̡
ʤ΢ЩʧóһӵƣŷҰЦĻҹϡ
Ұϵҡҡͷɹˣ̫ϲˡ
ʤЦŵȱžܾΪҵϣκֻҪ鷳ʱ򣬶ܼ£ܹͿˡΪҵϣҿԻ෽㣬ÿԴҵõʮƷ񾧣ʲôҪҲᾡ㡣
Ұǵһ˵񾧵飬ȴûѯʤȥѯ硣
Ұ飬ǲҪ֪
ҰƬ̣ͽܣҪɵġǳҵϣҿ֮ʱҲܸҡ
ʤЦİɣǷڿɣҲ㣬ܹһ֮
ʤҪɣɲô׵飬ɲŷҰܹɣҪӦĵû˿ɡ
ҰͷЦǺðɣҾҹϣҿ԰æʱһһġ
ҰӦʤϲ˳óһָǿϣҰЦϲѳΪҵϣָʮ񾧣ǷѵơҪᡣ
ҰĽָʤЦ˵ĳЩ鷳ѡ
ʤЦһжЩãԼŸոƸ뷽ҰϣҰûȻͺƤæҲ̫ˡ
ǣʤǾҰ˵Цеĵ¾ܷԸܰﵽ϶
Ұ˫Ƶģʤ뷨˽Ҳֻǵ˵˾䣺ûа취Ū񵤵ĵ
ʤ΢΢һ㶣ɫϲϻǸʦ񵤵ĵѻǸʥ


811 񵤵
ҰȻһЦҲֻżƳƷʥǲѡֻǶ񵤵ƣһͷʴ˲ѰæŪЩ񵤵ĵм񵤵鼮Ǿ͸ˡ
ѾȻһʥҿˣѷģ񵤵ϣҵмŵһŸ񵤵⣬ȥȡʤЦŷҰ˹֣뿪Ժ䡣
ں֮Уʦǳϡ١
ڵʥǾ͸ϡˣҲûһʥʴˣʤŷҰǸʥ֮Ż˼
һʥңӰƳǵƽ⣡
ȵʤȥ֮󣬷Ұа˼еϢں֮Щ
Ұ˳ּһʥ¯һڵ𣬽һҩͶ뵽¯֮У淭ܿͽЩҩϡ
Ȼҩںϣ۳ɵڻбԽԽ⻬ƮԶ
Ƭ̣Ұ㽫ҩ
Ұеŵҩɫ΢΢Щɻ
ƵһŰƷʥеʥʵлҪ򵥵ö࣬ŵҩŰ˵ƣŰ˿ǣȴδе
΢һ˼Ұ˹
֮ƳʥҪеܹΪʥ
ں֮ͬеعԶ֮еҪߣеͿֱ۳ʥҪȵ١
ңںе㣬ѶҲСöְ࣬ƷʥҰѴ֮Ƴˡ
ͨ飬Ұ񵤵ҲЩڴ֣ҰܹʱƳ񵤡
Ұ¯һոǸָСֳһ˿ʶ봢ָУҪνʲô
һ֮£Ұסˡ
ָ֮УȻʮھ
Ѿľ񾧣
ҰɫǳĹŹ֣ʥ;ʱ򣬾ʹúھĵĺھǧ飬ĵĺھǧû뵽ھȻ񾧣
Ұ뵽˵ھйأھ񾧵Ļйء
Ϊλ񾧣
Ұ΢뵽˻ΪãвŻᵮôĺھͺھȡ˻ԺҲԼھͺھˡ
Ұ˼䣬ٴӦʤٴηˡ
ɡҰЦһ
֨ѽһˣʤ첽˹Ұ˵ЩʲôȻʱӣɴ˫ۣϲĵʥʵлЩȵĸоѵǷϸոƵģ
ҰƣиֳոƳǿʥʵֵݸʤЦոһҳɹˣʥʵ͸ˡ
⣬̫ˣŵҩԼֵʮ񾧣һмУϣʤǷһ飡ʤϲ˾ϲȴûƴǡ
ʥʵ൱Ϊһʥߣɲƴǡ
ͬʱʤи𾪡
һĵʥҪƳһŰƷʥҲҪüʱ뿪ʱСʱûУҰȻѾƳһʥʵЧҲ̫˰ɣ
Ұ£ʥʵжֵܹһھˣֵʮھ
ҰûϸѯʣֻоԼ˷ѵЩھݳ޵ĳԼ
Ұʤ˰֣ЦʥʵֻǸС£ϣ񵤵ĵ׼ˣ
ʤóŹϷƵƤݸҰˬʵĴЦŹž⣬ʣµռ񵤵ŵǶƷ񵤣ӦûòҲһˡ
лˣҰӹǼŵʤл
Ұͷ⣬Ƶҩ
񵤹־ƷƷߣһƷ͡
ҩҲΪż񵤵ƣҪӦȼҩġ
˵һƷ񵤣ҪһҩƶƷ񵤣Ҫҩ
棬񵤵ļصǷǳϸ󲿷ҩĵԶ˳ͳ񼶵ҩƣֻȴûо
ڷҰ˵Ҳһ־޴ĲƸˡ
ҰһеֵֵĹЧͬ
񵤣һƷ񵤣ʥ۷ǿͻƵ񾳽ļʡ
񵤣һƷ񵤣Լӿ벽ٶȡ
񵤣Ʒ񵤣ǿ벽ͻƵ龳ļʡ
鵤Ʒ񵤣Լӿٶȡ
ǰֵҩڵķҰ˵ûʲôˣҪƳ鵤ҪƳһƷ񵤲УҰЩҩƳ
ҰʤҪƳһƷ񵤣ҪһҩС
ʤݺݵҧҧȻҪһҩҾʹӼиһЩҵϣҲ˵ʲôϣϿƳ
Ұ˰֣һҩҪҲҵҩҿΪĵҩȡȻҲֻƳƷʥ
ʤɫϲæĵͷҾлˣҪһҩҾȫˣ
зҰĵʥңҾһɳ֮ҲԶˡ
ҰоʤʶȤĹָǵæҾȸˣұ㽫Ҫһҩ
ǾͲԶˡҰʤЦŹ˹֡
ʤȥҰе棬صĸҩĹЧС


812 
ҰüеĻţŸҩԣܳĵ
ȻҰҩ˽⣬δӴκҩģҪƳ񵤣ҪȼĸҩС
ڽӴҩ֮ǰ㷽ҰҪ񵤣ҲɸΪ֮
Ұо⣬ȻչصǼ䷿ӣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ĸӦڸոգɹͻƵ佫磬ǹͻƵȻ΢ȴҰĸӦ
֨ѽ
ŶǾϲɫ첽ҰĵŷҰԼϲãʦͻƵ佫ˣ
ҰЦͷǿԺ󻹻иĳɾͣǧҪŶ
ͷףЦʦģһŬġ
ԴӰݷҰΪʦ֮ԸǱÿ࣬òҲЩϸ΢ı仯һϸ΢仯ųױȵ
ΪļϵϢϴҲԽԽƯ
ΪҰһ裬ڷҰʾ£ָԼһ裬͸һ鶯ĵϡ
ҰʾԱ£豭ȻЦոʤãҵϣ֮˸۸㣬ҵ־Ϳˡ
ĿӹһĨ˷ܵĹâæͷһݵĵʦ
Ұİ˰֣ЦҲʦˣʦںеೣʶԶ˽⣬Ҫѯһ
ʦ˵峺ĿӭҰ
ҰƷ˿裬ѯʵں֮Уֻλģ
˼·ϸĽ͵ʦҵĻ㣬Ǻ磬˵ǧжһӵ͵߷ֱǺɫƷ񾧡ɫƷ񾧡ɫƷ񾧺ɫļƷ񾧣˵оŲڡһٱһͨ񾧣Ҳͨӿӵеġ
ҰԳں֮УϢγɵ龧񾧣ٳϾ֮ľʯ
Ұٴѯʵھأ
£ھƷֵƷ񾧣ǳκŻ۰˷ϢãԽһѰڱʺеĶ츣ءҴʮ꣬ӵеƷҲʮ
Ұɫ΢¶һ˿Ц
ڣҰף֮˷ѵôھǶôݳޡ
ܹھӦøйأȻĻھԵ˵ǵھˡ
ңСУϲᵮ飬֮ȴ˲ֹһ飬Ҳйء
Ұ뵽ħлŶ಻ʤĺھжЩοһЩЩھɶǾ޴ĲƸ
ֻЩھȴóνƲ¶ף̩ϣȷҰΪǿҲв٣ûʵЩھ֮ǰûǵ͵㡣
ҰлһڴŻڣ֮жܹγƷں֮Упγɸߵȼ
粢ûжʣŷҰѯһЩϵ⣬Ұ꾡ɻ
ŻݻرԴ󣬷Ұϵĸⶼָƣһ˵õһֻȻʵĸоŷҰһٴλȥȥˡ
ҰֱԺϥתתؼϢǧ֮ΪҲȲš
ڶһ磬ʤٴԺţҰ˽
ʤЦĳŷҰ˹֣żɽĵϣҪһҩҶˣܹҩļˡ
ţʤݸҰһöָ
Ұӹöָʶһɨٶһҩ񵤺Ͱ񵤵ҪϣǧֵԲһЩĸϣҰԴ˵ҲΪ⡣
Ǳ⣬ҰڸҩļֵЩ˽⡣
һһҩֵһƷ֮䣬ʤδһҩٶֵ꣬߰£÷ҰеЩ⡣
ҰϾ˵ҩʤЦѣһԸôҩֱʿɲС
ʤΪİ˰֣ЦϿˣȻѾΪϣȻṩ˵ˣܹƳ񵤣𣿡
ҰʤЦܿͻ֣ᷢѡǶôȷѣӦ㣬ưƷµĵҩҪƵĵҩóɡ
ǾͷˡʤϲŷҰлٴεݸҰһöָ
Ұֳһ˿ʶɨȥ涼ЩʥĲϣɵɵɵɵʥʥԪʥʥʥʵȵҩĲ϶׼һǧѹѹĶѻһͬСɽƵġ
ƷĵҩҲ˼鷳Ұ
ʤ΢¶һ˿εɫŷҰϣҲ֪̩ϵʦǳϡ٣ʥ͸ˡǼеĵ̫࣬ҪĵҩҲܶ࣬ȴûһλʥڣҪƵĵҩе࣬Ҫ鷳ˡÿһֵҩܳɵٿţǾˣȫǷʦġ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ĵЩҲ࣬ҵĹһҩȡҩɣÿһֵҩһٿš
죿ÿֵҩٿţʤ΢΢£ľ㵡
Ұ˵ͷʲô𣿡
ʤæҡҡͷ΢һŷҰ˵˳ҪƵĵҩɲ٣һƷҪЩҩȫϣҲһµʱ䣬ҪȡҩңʦĳɵʶߣһŵҩɹͷǳˣȻϻȡһŵҩ
˵죬ҩͰ˵ĸ㡣ǣʱ򣬲ϣ˿ӣ˵ӦסҰȻ˵Ļȴ
Ұɲ뱻˴뽫ԼĶŵľ˽֪ûʥĸôΰ
ģһȥ֮Ƭػ󣬽ͥԺȫȫİʦˣҲ޷ʶ͸ʤ֣صŷҰ˱֤ҲͣŷҰһ뿪ͥԺ
֮󣬷ҰӦһ޵ĴͥԺڣ֪ʤ󷨡
ҰϹһĨݵЦݣüеĻħ󵴵ӳ˿˿ƵħϢͥԺٴγһҲǿ󷨣ȻԶԶȲħǿҲͥԺвõǿöࡣ
ңҰʼջǱһݽģǲµ󷨣ҰȫţΪ˱ٲһơ
ţҰ¯񵤵ĲһһͶ뵽¯Уÿζһǧöҩ¯
ʱʱ䣬ͽʤҪĵҩȫ˳
Ұ¯¶һ˿Ц⣬Щҩ˵Сһ


813 ֱʾ
ڶһ磬ʤ˷ҰڵͥԺȺţЩ
ѣɡҰȻʤϽŶ롣
ԺУҰϥ£ƵĶʤͷ΢Ц
ʤŷҰʩֹҪѯʣǵ÷Ұˡ
Ұʤ뷨Ҳʱ䣬˳ӸʤһöָȻĵҩˣÿֵҩٿţѿɡ
ʤϽֳһʶע뵽˴ָ֮Уһ۱㿴˴ָǶѻСɽһĵҩÿһֵҩٿ֮࣬ϳϲá
췽Ұܿͻ֣ᷢԼѡǶôȷ
ʤЩɣףҰ˿ûпš
ʤٴŷҰ˹֣޵Ǻñ£ҴҶлˣ
Ұİ˰֣Цȡ裬񡣶ˣѣĳϰɽֻҰ̫ϰߴڹų֮Уûʲôϡٵɽ֣
ڲƳУ̫ˣڷҰ˵̫ƣɲ뽫Լܱ¶ڶƤ¡
ʤĿ˷Ұһۣ˴֮⣬һɽƣ겻ֻ̡ɽеĲûڣŨ̶ԶԶϲƳǣٶȾͺڲƳˡ
ҰȻЦЦҸоɽиʺϸֻ˵ӰɡұɽѸѶɣôѶҡ
˵ڲƳеȷǱطʣǶӵƷķҰ˵ڲƳԶԶϲɽˡ
ʤ˵ͷȴûóѶ򣬳ŷҰЦ˸־Ҳ˵ˡϣöƾʹͨѶֻҪʮ֮ڣܹϵҪ鷳ϣһϵ㡣
ԣǾô˵ɡҰƽĵ˵ͷ
ʤʶȤĹָǣܹõô൤ҩĳʤ֮⡣
зҰĵʥڣұһɳĻᣬɲ׵˷Ұ
ȵʤ뿪֮󣬷Ұ㳯ڵķһ΢Ŀռ䲨
첽ҰߣЩɻĵʦٻͽΪ£
Ұ𣬵Цųĺ쳾Ϣ̫ŨʺСңΪʦһЩҲ뱩¶ΪʦǰɽȥУԸΪʦһ𣿡
ͽԸʦһͬǰһжʦԸܸɴĵ˵ͷûѯԭ
ҰͷǺãʰһ£ǱҪ뿪˴ˡ
չЦʦͽûʲôҪʰģʱ뿪
Ұٶ˵뿪ڷҰ󣬴ӲƳȥ
ո߳ƳǣҰִһ֣ڣѸڿն𣬺ܿʧϷ
Ұߵ񼼣ھ̩ܹӳҲǳ
Ƭ̣ҰʹһƬƵľ޴ɽɽ
ɽԲǧңŨΪ˴ûκڣụֻ̂һЩڴ˴̾ᡣ
ڸ߿йۿɽŨֲƾ棬Ϣõʶ״͸޷ɽеľ
ʦƵģӦþɽˣһû׳ۣ𾪵ɫӸ߿йۿɽ׳½ᵽġ
ɽƳ֮ң;жɽޣʦΪԵ
ҰףЦҲǴջˣڣ˵һ컯֮أȿʲôʵĵط
ҰʶɨһȦɽֻʥ߾ޣûлΣ̾һɽͷ
ֻʥ߾ޣڷҰ˵ȻûʲôӰ죬ֻռݵɽҰҲϡ
ܵҰǵǿʶĲֻʥ߾ȫҴֱҰʶȥǲŶɲ̧ͷ
һɸѡҰѡһɽȣһ𣬽ȥ
ҰüлҡҷħüϢܻܿɽвһװħ
ɽеɢ¶ɽȵԭòľţˮҲһеĺȥ
˼װħ󣬷ҰƬɽȫסˣûһ˿ȴŨȫɽеŸʶá
ʦƯԺ𣿡ϲɽȣзǳĸˡ
Ұ˵ͷЦﻷɡ
ҰԱϣɽһ̶ϣִ̧һѻСɽʥϡ
Ұ𷢳ܿͽڶʥƳۼİɫڶв¼򵥵Ľơ
ҰѴﵽ龳磬ûרо󷨣ֲõҲһʥȵġǰˣһʱҲƲ
Ĳ˵ѾﵽʥĵزټЩ󷨣ٲڸ߼ʥˡ
Уңлңֲңгңдңȵȡ
еģжȫˡ
ҰһУһ׶СУ˳ֵݸ磬ЦѪɣԺԼµʱҲи֮
ӹӨ׵ĶָֻжϵһѪһףٴһԱߣŹ޵ⶴ澫£ʦôֱʣȻôʥϣңݳ޵Щʥ
ҰЦֱʣʲôֱʣͿðɣĴֱʣ
ҰԱϣƣһھУһɾϢ
ھĳ֣Ϣذ˷ʼۣɽеϢʼŨ
Ʒ羪峺г˲ŵɫ
ҰЦЦֽھ뵽˼װħ֮УΪħṩԴȪԸõĻϢ
һһĺھڷҰУִδ뵽˵£ǶװħС
ɽеϢŨˮ޾Ĵڴ˴ǳ׾ͽ뵽ľС
컻أ
ҰĵʮھɽȱһĶ츣أٱƳеϢҪŨ
翴ĿɿڴףԼʦµ˺ֵز
Ҵʮ꣬ӵеƷҲʮʦҰƬ֮ͶóʮƷеԸӡ
ʦΪβڲƳˣƳǸڵɽȣ̫Զˣ
⻹ǷҰ̫ߵԵʣǶ̫ĻмװħϢ޷ӦɽеľһЩǿҲܹӦϢὫĿתƵɽ
ʵǿ֮ǰҰɲַͷ


814 
ҰɽǶʮھɽеϢŨļԶǲƳǿɱȡ
ħڣһλʦӸ߹Ҳѷɽе
Ȼʮھһ𣬻۰˷ϢħڣϢҲŨ
ҰԶǰԼǽȫ档
ӵڶһҩҰ㳢ſʼ񵤡
һ¯ҰһҩͶ뵽ʥ֮Уʥоҷ
ҰרעĶ¯УϸӦҩÿһ˿ϸ΢ı仯ڸҩҩ˽
˷ʮָͬһҩ֮󣬷Ұÿһҩڲͬ¶µķӦȫָơ
һУҰƳһƷ񵤣г
񵤵һҩҰͶ뵽¯Уӿ𣬿ҩҩԡ
Сʱ˵ĵ¯д˳һö⻬ԲĽɫҩ¯пٳ͡
һһĵöҩϽ𣬰֮󣬵ҩٴһǵ㣬ܿа˸ǵ
ҩı仯δ˸ǵ֮ٴһǵ㣬Ÿǵٴγһɫơ
ˣ
ŽɫҩΧٴγһɫĹΣǵҩϵǾŵӳɻԡ
Ұ¯Žɫҩʹ¯г𣬱ҰһС
е񵤣Ұ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ƴˣ
أ񵤽оŵƣһƷһɫΣƷһһΣ񵤵ƷԽߣεĵԽࡣ
ҰƳھŵֶ֮һɫΣ˵ŵҩѾﵽһƷ񵤵Ʒס
̩϶ָҰﵽ˵ľ磬ݵλȻʦ
Ұɲ̫ߵڶʱڣƳ񵤵飬Ҷߡ
񵤣Ұֳư񵤣񵤵ƾ飬ư񵤵ʱ򣬷ҰƵľ͸ˣܿͽ˳
ֻҪҰ֪˵ϣҰܹܿƳֵҩҳɹʼǰٷ֮٣񵤶⣬Ұо졣
̥ǧһǧﵤ˷Ұƶ⣬ƶǴӻϸ˵̥ڻ
ĵȻ򵥡
Ұ㽫ʣµĲȫƳɵҩÿһ񵤶ҪһҩΪϣҩƶɣ󣬷Ұõʮţʮţһʧܡ
Ұǳ⡣
Ұҩ𣬾̶ϣȫתתܵϢΪȲš
ڷҰܣһϢŨˮƵģҰȫûڣ˳ȫë뵽ڣϴꡣ
뵽֮󣬷Ұ⻹ǵһȫתתħڣŸҷĵȫ
֮УҪΪͱȻΪдں֮УֻҪϢͿΪ
еϢԶɱȣٶȱпǧٱ
Ұںߣ뵽ε֮С
γأҰȻڷҰʱϢȴҲδҴš
֮󣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣÿһ缡ж˸⣬Ͼǧħŭ֮
ڣ
ọ̈̄ҰΪͻƵڣڳź޾
еعԶҪͻС磬Ҫ٣ҰϢ̤뵽ڡ
类ҰʱǹɲѣٴӶгķҰæ˵ĵʦϲˡ
ȻҰûʲôڱչأǷҰϥһǰ꣬Ҳʦ뵽֮С
Ұ絭Цŵ˵ͷ˳׸һƿЦĽչҲʱ뵽佫Բ磬ͻƵĵҩҸʵʱͻˡ
лʦϲ̵ĽӹƿȻϲҲû˸տʼ֮ʱ𾪡
ʶ˷Ұڶʥƶʶ˷Ұóʮھ綼ЩľˣٴμƷҩҲܹȻ֮ˡ
ʱ䣬ɽûʲôɣҰѯ
ҡҡͷ΢΢üͷɽеûʲô飬ֻɽ⵹ͷޣɽüˣҼʦûǡ
Ұüë΢ֳһ˿ʶɨ棬ԶԶͼһֻСİ֩롢һֻСϺһͷǹɱӸɽȸɽͷ̾ᣬ͸һ׺Ϣ
սɽʱͷʥޣ


815 󻤷
ҰӰһɽ֮⣬ĿƽǰɽͷϵͷʥޣȻλңкιɣ
ͷʥȫˣܵҰϵһŷҰͷ­
ֻ֩зһŮǰǳסɽУǰʱȻоɽеϢýŨԴͷɽ֮Си˵ˣصǰݼ
ҰĿ⵭ĮɨͷʥһۣƽĵҲݼˣҲϲ˴ǻȥɡ
ɽбʮƷҰɲ뽫Щܱ¶ǰûǽɽȵĴ㣬ֱӾ
ֻϱԴŵ㣬ټĵǰΪɲ⣬ǰΪͽǸԸЧǰ
֩ǹıҲŷҰͷͬĵǰΪͽ
Ƕûбûܹеʥ߾磬Ѿܿɹˡ
ûָ㣬ʥ߾ǵ۷ˣҪٽǾʮˡ
ҰЩĿͷʥһۣͷʥ޵ִţЩ͡
ҰͽȻҲʲôյġ
ҰƬ̣Ŀֱͷʥޣʱͽܣһ׷ңǿԳΪŵĻҿȣҲʱָǡҪΪŻһ¸ƣұ֪һһͷǻҷֻҪûжģһ糣ȻҲǡѡ񣬾ͿԼˣҲǿǡ
Ұûһôͽܣ˭֪Щһ᲻ģҰҲԷһ
֩롢ǹⱪӺһۣĿ΢΢¶һ˿ɵɫ
շҰԣǾ൱ʧȥ˲ɣΪ˽׸߾磬ֵ
ܿ죬ͷǹⱪӾͳŷҰٴߵףȻǾ׷ǰȻᱳǰǰ½ưɡ
ŻӦˡҲſڵ˳ŷҰ׳Ƴ
֩ǹⱪӺ϶ӦˣҲĵðɣҰҲӦˡ
Ұͷִ̧صƣӡڰ֩롢ǹⱪӺϵ棬Ϊ˽ơ
ˣɡҰͷʥ΢Цͷʥ޸
ҰͷʥޣܷΣ
ԣǻΪβ̫ϰߡǻһ䣬޴ת⻪ܿͻһꡣ
οٻζһʮҵİŮӡϽ˸һüĿꡣ
ŷҰ˹֣δ˵ɣǰǷŵʵΣ
ҰЦЦȻұŵҰֻ̩Һͽ磬ˣضΪ쳹磡
δҰġ
ˣžֻˣǡͰ鶼㵲ѡ
Ұĵ˵ͷûйĽִͣһƬϢǡͰȫڣ˲뵽ɽ֮С
ŨϢ
ţҲΰɣϢ绹ҪŨǧٱԻٰ
ȷɽȾԲӦֱʡҽѡⱲȷѡˣ
ǡͰԾһȫ˷ܵɫ̰Ŵ˴Ϣ޲ýЩϢȫڡ
ʦô¶ɻѯ˳ͷʥ޵Ŀг˾衣
粻ͷʥ޵ΪжǿҲܹӦͷ޶ٴﵽʥ粻ҰΪλὫͷ޴ɽ
ҰЦ辪ţԺ˾ŵĻˡΪʦչصʱʲôģǡ
ǡͰβŻعҰĿг˾⡣˵ԭжٻЩģڼȫԷҰͶأû˿ʡ
ѯʵǵ׽뵽һʲôʥذҲνĲƳǣƳҲԶԶϲﰡ
ҰȻЦҲûʲôֻǴ뵽ʮƷ󷨷סϢ
ʮƷǡͰһۣȫ𾪡
˵ķӦ粻ɵЦˣ˸ı鼸һģһ


816 ʤ
ʮƷ
ƳǵƷҲûʮ֮ɣ
ǡͰȫ𾪲ѣԼȷѡ
ܹӦҰΪǿȴ޷ӦҰľΪ־ͿԲóʮƷģ붼֪ҰΪԲҲһ飡
һ飬ζ顣
ţ̶ֿԱߵÿһõĲ϶СɽڷҰֱ֮Ƕ˽һЩ
ҰϸӦǡͰΪǵΪ΢һЩʥ۷壬̤ʥӡͰʥ磬ʥ绹һЩ롣
ҰֶƿǣЦΪŵĻԺٲѪսǵΪ̫ͿɲУΪɡʥһ£ٲҲܹͻˡ
ǽӹƿȫʵŷҰݵлʹͣ
ͰȫһĽеƿҰ־ʹʥӸоҰɲ⡣
ܵͰҰƽĵĽֻҪҲﵽʥ۷壬Ҳʹͬĵҩɽʥ۷ʱҲ̫á
Ͱȫصص˵ͷ
ҰĿɨӣȻĹҿ
ǡͰһۣ϶ӿֳϲʤɫ³˷ҰҪ飬гһƪġ
Ұ󣬰Ե˵ͷĹﵽʥĲΣҲǲֻ滹ëҰ޸¡
лǡͰϲŷҰлǸովͲµ˷Ұ޸¹ҰôˣȻǷǳĸˡ
ҰüеĻҡҷ͸еϢԴϢ׹Ƭ֮󣬾ͽ׹޸ϡ
޸ĵĹƷԴﵽʥ׸߼ĲΣ񹦣
Ұ׹Ϊӡֱ뵽ǡͰ֮УЦǵĹѾ޸ĺˣԼȥɽߵ±ϿٸȻŬȥɡ
ǡͰһ𼤶ҰǣٳŷҰָķ˹ȥȥٶȥˡ
ֹϢŨɽĿڼ̵ʱڣԼΪ
ǸǼҰԪֻҪõúãܹһͻƵʥ磡
ڷҰ˵ǡͰʼֻǻԶԶ޷ıͽȣɲ˷ʱ˷Ѳϵȥƶ
ΪһûҰ޸ĹɽоסҲ御ˡ
Ⱥȥ֮󣬷Ұ署һϵɻеƷش
ʱǾͲͻƵ˴ʥ磬ͻƵĲҰ׸ӦˣҰϲɵ¶һ˿Цݡ
󻤷ʵԽǿҰԽǷġ
ǴӶ߳ԶԶŷҰ񣬱ϲҲֻһʥͻƵ˴ʥ硣һʣʥȥҪðɡ
Ұİ˰֣Ц˾ˣôͰģ׼
ƲʦһƷʥҪжٰʦʹ͸ˣŰɡ
ǵһƷͷɱʮƷҪ𾪣
ʦ٣̩ϵĵҲָҰȻǵҲ˵ͻƵĵҩҪˣ
ˡǲٽ飬ʥٴϹ˾ϲɫ
ҰЦոͻƣΪȹ̣ȥɡ
ǹָˣҰָ署һзĵãҪúžٴαչ
ɽеϢͷǳŨҰתתϢ糱ˮ㳯ŷҰ۶γһȫë˽ȥΪǿš
ֻǣﵽ龳֮ÿǰһС綼ҪӴ֮ҰŸոͻƵڣͻƵڣҪ̫ӴǾͲǶʱڿˡ
һº󣬷ҰоѣΪһЩȴԣңңڡ
ηҰѣҪΪöϵϴһѶϢ
Ұעһ˿ʶʤϤϣðϣ֡Ƴ⣬һżʦż֪Ͽʱһ̽һ
ҰԳԼΪ⿿űչĽ̫ˣǸóȥԵˡ
żǷõǲҪҪǣҰʱˣԱ¶ԼһƷˡ
¶һƷݣͿԴٴεõһЩҩģƶ񵤡
ͻƵ龳񵤣ҰҪáܹӿٶȵ鵤Ұˣ
ܹƳ鵤ҰҲڸ̵ʱͻƵʦ磡
Ұʤһ䣺ԣʱһϵƳǡ
ҰٻأѾͻƵ磬ֲֽ
ʦҺ£繧ŷҰ
ҰЦʦͲҪôˣΪʦ׼һˣɽɡΪʦһЩ˴󷨵һЩ򵥷ɳ󣬻ܷ鷳Ҳֵܵһ󡣡
ãͽһжʦģ˵ķǳɴࡣ
Ұ±㴫Լ򵥲ٿħ
Ȼ󣬷ҰٴٻǡͰ飬ǻͣڴʥڣͰ鶼ﵽʥ۷塣
ٻǣΪ£һѯʳ
ҰЦЦҪһˣʱܹأʱ䣬Ƕչչ硣
ģǿ϶չ˺ŷҰ֤
Ұ˵ͷЦãҪĵҩǰ¡ͬʱٴڸǳ˵صһЩ򵥷ǿɶҪˡ
ţҰ㽫ʹ͸Ͱһһװʥƿ̸ֽһЩħķͬʱһ֮ǰǲҪ߳ɽ̫ԶҲչ˲дǰ辪ţֻҪħȫСʦҪҲûôס
Ұûд㴫ǲٿħͽڣҲûҪѧ
ǡͰ鶼֣صĵ˵ͷǵлЩε𾪣ʦνǹˣ治֪λϵ׻ʲôܡ
ҰһЩ򵥷ڸǣٴζһɽ뿪ŲƳǸ˹ȥ


817 һ
Ұոս뵽ƳУʤӭ˹ЦŵĻ죬û
Ұʤ˹֣ЦõˣڱչҲֵܹģұ㽫ɽˡ
ʤ˵ͷȸҰ·ŷҰ˵ϣȸ򵥽˽Ƴ⣬иԲ󣬵Ţ鲼ءǰЩҺҵһλ֮ʱһ˿ѰѰ£ҵһ󸲸ǵĵط
ʤ΢ͣ£ּҺٶһЩ󷨣Ҳ޷ƿ󡣾һԣǷǳأͨһô򵥣л̺Ÿӵĵ֮һ塣ʦ޷ƿ󣬱˴Լãһʦһȥ󡣡
Ұüë΢һ壬״˵
Ұû뵽˽֮뵽֮УʤǸҲǳȤ
ҰѾף񼶴󹲷ΪżһҲܹס󲿷ˡοе֮Ҳѹ޷ƿ
żҰҲЩ˽⣬϶һЩΪǿ֮µĶ䱻˷֣¶˳
Щż󲿷ֶһЩǿߵĶеԻһʱַҲвʿķ
ЩַĶҲͬеǹʿµĵãе̩ѾϣеǴδеǿһ
˵󲿷żܹһЩܹõʲôͿԵˡ
ʤŷҰŵҵʦˮƽޣҿǸʥֻúƤҷˡϷģֻҪʲôʱǶһݡ
ʤķҰǰæŵ
ҰɣҲû飬ΪʤԼ
ʤĽͣɻǽ⿪ˡ
ݷҰ֪ҺûеʥѹǻԼ
Ұ΢һ󷨣˽Ĳࡣƿ֮ҵǿȥԡ
Ұ˵ĵûʱûôо󷨣֮󣬶һ֪⡣
Ȼħ⣬ֱӴӾŴ챮֮аģҲֻ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
ҰӦʤһΪĵȷǳΪ
̺֮Դ㷽Ұ˽Ĳ࣬㹻ʱ䣬Ҳܹƽ⿪
Ǵżе׻ʲô֣ҰǺܸȤġ
Ұԣʤæ󷨷棬Ȼ跽ϲģֻҪЩ֮ƳͿˡ
Ұ˵ͷãʱ
ʤϲҺԼã֮ǷûʲôҪʰģھ͸
Ұʼ磬νĵûʲôҪʰģǾ߰ɡ
ҰʤǰУʤֻܸӦҰǸ飬޷ӦҰľΪտʼʱٶȲ졣
ʤַҰ˿󣬱㿪ʼӿٶȡ
ȵǣٶж죬Ұʼղ㡣
ʤԼļٶʩչ֮󣬷Ұɲĸ׷ҰٶԶԶڿȵġ
ʤԿЦһϣ㲻Ǹʥٶȷ滹ô죬治֪ϵ׻Ŷܡ
ҰȻЦˣڵٶȲٶȵļˣѵٶҲԷƱ
Ȳ˵ߵ񼼣ٷҰΪѾﵽڣʤڣ⿴ΪҰ˦һˡ
ңе񼼣Եڻں֮УҲǷǳǿ񼼡
ڷҰ˽Уе黹޷Щ񼼵似
ߵ񼼣ҰУں֮Уܹӳٶȡ
ҰǼ񼼣Ϣ߶ܹ֮ӳĹЧǿһڲɱ䡣
Щ鷽ҰȻʤ˵ʱ󣬷ҰʤĿĵء
Ӹ߿ȥ·һƬޱߵŢ󣬴ݲһݣһָϢ
ʤЦŽ˵ĴƬѾãݲûκֲ棬Ҳûڡƽʱ򣬻ϲκʿǰ
ҰĴһĻҲûпʲôԾЦ³ûκŵż˷֡ûĸԴܵǴżӰ졣
ʤ˵ͷǵ﷢һ˿쳣Ĳһһķ˹ǰǧٶⷢһȴ޷ƿ
ȻˣǾ͹ȥɡλȵˣǾͰһˡҰϹһĨЦݡ
ʤЦŵҵ˵ʥûаµʱ䣬Ҳƿ󡣲ô˵ñ˾õܹ鲻̫ãǻǸϹȥɡ
Ƭ֮󣬷ҰʤһطûʲôУͬǷݣŻϢ
һҪҳ㲻ͬǾϢԶطϢҪŨһЩӸ˥ܡ
Ұʤһʱһɫ磬дźǿҵĸʴϢ
ҰһӣɫʧӰ١
ɫ磬ҰҲȷǴżӦþǺɫ󷨻ûġ
ʤ˫ִһӵķû뵽·֮УֻĹ⻪ҷ˼£ˮ㱻˺һƬ·
Ǵż·ʤ˵һ䣬㵱ȳ·ȥ
Ұ棬սƬɫУ͸оǰһһɾĵ¹ǰ
ҰʤȥͼʿѾȺˡ
һλǸ뷢׵İߣһλǸʿӣҰʤ㶼Цӯӯӭ
ѣĻʱǸոһӣǾ͵ˡǸ뷢׵ЦǺǵʤк
ʤЦûǿ찡Ҹǽ£λҵϷҰǸʥλҵ̨ԱλҪ鷳ֽˡ
뷢԰׵ɫ΢ЦǺǵĵ벻Ҳӵеʥʦز¶λĪеһλպĵʥҲŹͷ
ʤüë΢æʿĪﹰ֣ĳŹƵʥͷû뵽ѾȻƵʥˣƵʥͷһ֣ƿеӦòѡ


818 
Ұɫ΢΢£ɣ̩Ͻе֮һʦʮϣ벻Īɡ
ҰޱȣظӦʤΪһǴڣĪȴǴڣ÷Ұһ˿衣
ĪﵹûʲôӣʤЦЦº͵ĵѿˣĳԵΪ
Цݵĵһ԰ɣ֮ıƽ֡
ʤ˵ͷ󷨿ɲưҺѷʱ£Ҳûƿ󷨣ܹӦ뵤йء
ҰĿڴǰִſλһɺɫ磬ʴǣںڷ֣ƺǧ֮ң
ҰŴ˰죬ЩɻĵܹӦ˴пռ󷨣ʶãȴûиӦ֮
ʤ¶һ˿ЦݣĪҺҲо˰µʱ䣬ֵֻ֮һַϵ˴󣬲ܹӦ֮
ô˵ϴѾƳΧˣĪüë΢ѯ˳
ͷҺƳǴ뿪ָֻ֮ԭǶƲܻƷΪṩ
˵жһ˿˷ܵȻǳĸȤ
ƷĪﾪһŵϲ˼ɫ
ʤ˫ĿҲ¶еɫƷҲкܴȤ
ƷҰû̫ļüлƷһЩƷ޷
Ұɲֵ̫࣬Ҳ¶һ˿ȤɫЦżٲǿһżƷΪṩıһ԰ɡ
ãʱڱ仯֮еЦӦһһиֳһŹֵԲ̣ӡһСӡ
Ī¶һ˿ȵɫЦ벻ѾȻв̣һǿԶ֢ҩˡ
Ұɫ΢Ҳ˵̵ͷרԴԵ̣̩Ѿټˣ벻оȻһ
ǺһЦżõģȱ𣬵ҲӰʹá
˵ţһע뵽˲֮Уʱͼ֮пʼһ⻪ʶĿѤ롣
Ұ˵ע˹ȥϵЩһ⻪ɫ⻪Ӷ࣬ɫ⻪⻪۳һصķġ
˵ͷݲ̵ʾΧԺɫϵΪ滹кɫϵ֮ʱҪСӦ
ҰɫȻ̵ǷǳʵãƲӵеĸ֮ǰ׼
ɣʤЦһһ죬иֳʮ˸СĽɫ죬ִû뵽֮С
ţʤ˫һŹָӵķӡ֮С
һɹʴǵĺɫаʴǣһɫ֣֯һɫ֣ػڴſڡ
Ṇ̀һһ͸ˮУע֮ˮϱ㸡ֳ˿˿Ƶ
һӣ㳯źɫаеһָ£ڵϢ￪ʼ󣡡
Ļδ䣬ʤ־һ䣬ʮ˸иֳֳŹֵָͣķȥ
ʮ˵ĿǴտʼЩԽԽңռ䶼ʼתģ
һӣҰ˾ͳһ鲼УﻹӰӣ
ܻɫһƬ͸һȸУǶ龳ǿߣֵطҲеǳ
ǸԼԼڵγһ֣Žǹȵĸо
Ȼһϵ󣡡Щ⡣
ʤʮ˵ȫУס󣬲ΧĴٴαպϡ
б鲼ɫµĹ켣תƺǽ統˸¯Ķ
ҰĪһۣ˳ظӦһɵ֮֯ڴ֮У·ʲô
γɵԽתɴҪƳ󣬼ǲܵ顣
ҪƳ󷨣ͱҪȻеֵ֮
ʤ˫ĿܣϴҺֶôͨʱ¶δƿֻǿƿһ򣬺ټȥ
ԣĪƬ̣˫ֿٽһ״ƣ˴˽ᣬӡǴеĻ֮Уֻеĵ֮еĵ֮΢һЩ
ʤּ̧һͨ飬תΧҷеĻϵ֯ơ
Ƭ֮󣬻ɫҷһɫʧؼ䣬˽ȥ
ãЧƿЩƣҪһʱ䣬Ƭ֮ƳˣȻ뵤֮йءϣһְɡʤЦж˿ͣƳơ
ҰӦһ˫ִһӵɢŴĵ֮
Ұûͷ˼ⵤ֮ٶĪﲻ£ҲĪﰵԾȲѡ
ֳһ֧ɫ໨ëʣǳһѪҺ͸һɹɾϢƺĳֻϵ޵Ѫ
еëʱպѪпٻһǳһû뵽֮Уٶٴμӿ졣
ʱȫʧǼָƽ⿪ǳһɫԵźԶܹӦɫɭȻϢ
Ұ˵϶¶һĨϲɫ֪ѾƳϵ
ʤִŵ죬ӡУסٴαպϡ
Ц˵֮ƽ׵ö࣬뵱ҺѰ²ƳģھȻûþƵˣȫƳ󷨣ǳ飡
ʤЦЦϴǵ֮ͨʯִ󣬴˴ξȻǺˮ󣬿󷨵ȷʱ̱仯ģҪ鷳ˡ
ҰϸӦǰĺɫ֪ǲԼĴܸоɫлϢ·һֱĻ棬ֹŹֵĵ֮
ǹɵ֮ƺǵ֮·ʲôȴ޷оʲô
ٴóṆ̀עһ˿ٴθֳͬĹ⻪Ÿԡ


819 
Ų̣¶һ˿ɫȵĵݲأεǾȻԻϵΪչգ
Ұɫ΢ԼĸӦûоȻлϢ
ʤ΢΢üͷɻĵô¶ǣôǻϵΪ᲻Ĳ̻ˣ
ɵŲ̣רڲһǴȱڿ£ѵȱӰ˲̵жϣ
ĪһȻڵҵһֿԣлһĺɫ棬ڤ档
ڤ棿ǧһֵػ֮еڤ棿ڤа޻𣿡ʤ
ҰҲ͸һɳȵĹǱ濴ػصļء
ؼʮһֵػǧ絮֮ʱʹڵĻ棬ػǺγɵĻ棬ЩػҪǿ
ǵػ𣬶ˣܹӳǿ
ңǱʦˣ֮ʱɣɵʺٶȶ٣ʦ׷
ں֮Уʮֻ棬о𣬶ʮֵػ
ЩκһֶеǾŴҪǿеľŴֻĲǧȫ
ڤ棬ڤаڵר棬һֵػ֮ʮˣںʮֻڶʮġ
ڤȻ̫ߣ˵ġ
а֮࣬ÿ϶м𣬴󲿷ֶɽͻ𡢵ĻһЩѰԴ޻𣬻϶ǵػ֮Щ
ڤ棬̩ϣҲһַǳĻ棡
Ī¶һ˿ɫȻŷҰ˹֣֣صĵʥǶʦ𶼺ҪǷʥԽڤøңҿԸ÷ʥĲ
Ұ΢΢üͷڤ棬ͬǳҪɲøĪ
ҰƬ̣Цûƣ˵Щ̫ˡշףʱƾԵǡ
Ī˵ͷЦŵĳļˣɡ
ãǾɫʲôŹ֣иֳһ̺žˮϵɫƣֳ̧Ǵ˹ȥ
ǿɫƸոսӽɫͼɫͻȻӿһɭĻ棬һӽɫ˽ȥ
ǿɫۿɼٶţƬ֮ڵӰ١
һ𾪵ĵȻڤ棡꺮̶֮׵ĺڤƶɣƬ̶û֧ڤǳڤаѾﵽһĵز
Ұ΢ػе޻˵Ķǳӵе޻Ҫ֪޻δ꣬ͱȡֻ棬Ȼ̫
ڤа磬Ѿ龳ǿߣĻ棬Դﵽһĵز
־ǣһΪͣһ棬Ҳһ飡
Ұ˸һȵĹâﵽ񾳵ڤ棬ΣһҪõ
һɣʤ˷ܵĵһִһ죬ӡںˮϿյУҿ̫Ψ춼ڤĺˮӸڵˡ
Ұһٷֽڤĺˮ̺ĵ֮
ĪҲʩֶΣһȫһڲϻⵤ֮Ľ̼ӿ졣
ʱ󣬷ҰֹͣɫصĵеԾڤɢ⵽ô¶
Ҳ֣ͣϸӦһɫѿĵڤõĴҪƿ󣬾ֻнڤȫľС
˻ڣҰĪʤɫ
Ҫ󣬾ֻܻٵڤ档Ҫڤ棬ͲܼĻֶòڤ档
⼸һᣡ
ʱ򣬷Ұɵ˻飬ܹκδͽƣ黹ڣ󷨻׾ٰϧڻ»ΪҰҲֻˡ
ûа취ڱ֤ڤ£ƿ󣿡Īﲻĵѯ˳
Ұһۣҡҡͷ
Ȼͬʱɫ䣬Ŀȫ·ڤĺˮ档
ˮӿʼҷһɹɢؼ䣬ˮۿɼٶС
Ұɫѿľãڤ䣬ڤҪɢˣ
Ұո˵꣬ˮӾʧӰ٣ǹϢͬʧ
ٴγǰǰֽҲȫɢˡ
һۣȫӿֳһĨЦɫ
Īﳤ̾һǿڤ氡Ȼôʧˣ̫ʹϧˣ
ʤ̾ڤľżҲˣ治֪ϲǸǡ
Ұһ¶һ˿ЦݣпһнԵڤȻɢˣǴҲˣһһȥɣӦûһЩıҲ㲻С
ʤҲֻʱѹеʧ뵽֮С
һܹϵĴЩ󷨵ĸ浹˳Ⱦûסӡ
ĸɫӳǶһſҹ飬յ硣
ڴ룬һСĵͨ죬ϿһֻֻڣǷ͸һɿϢ˿˿Ʈ
˵עȫ˵ԱߣԼͬķһ̾
ڽԱߣȻһͷͨڵķ˵ĹǺ룬һӲӵϥϵĹѶദ
ҰǸڵλã·ɵĵף֡
Χ£Ī·ּҿżڤаԼƽڤĽ걮κڤа֮ʱɣ߻ħὫ֮նɱ֮졣ϧ̾
ҿ񣡡ʤ
Ľ걮Ϊ𾪡
˾ȻǸ񣬷ҰҲеǳ⣬ʲôĽ걮۱̨ȴû˵±ѯʵҿ˭Ľ걮Ǻ
ʤһѹĵ׵𾪣ڽ͵ҿǶƷ񣬸ʦԲǿߣʮǰ쳹̩ǡҿʧҲûгֹ벻ȻĽ걮
˵ʤͣƬּ̣Ľ걮̩ϵһؾ꿪һΣйϵϡҩأȵȣʦĶֻҲҿҪڤʲô


820 Ϸֱ
ҰѯʵĿתƵĪϣܸɴҡҡͷ˵Ľ걮Ҫﵽ龳ʸ룬Ҹ̤龳粻꣬Ľ걮һ֪
Ī΢һ̤龳Ҳ꣬δĽ걮мλĽ걮ᵽĽ걮
˵Ī΢ͣ£ּĽ걮һ۱̨౦Ʒ񵤣Ʒأȵȡ
˻
ҰʤȫһıĽ걮еĲر𾪡
ƷеƾͻƵʦļʡƷеʦԼӿʦٶȡ
ΨдﵽƷľ磬ܹƳƷ񵤣̩϶ûһƷƷ񵤵ļֵ
Ǻһͬ־ƷƷԽߣԽǿ
ƷƷܹƳı˵춼ӵУĽ걮оȻıҰ˵Ŀⶼû
Ī̾ϢֻǾ۱̨صĻƣʦ㣬ҪñϵߵܹǿƿҿӦþڤ棬ھ۱̨ȡϧڤаʯˣڤҲɢؼ䡣
ҰʤҲ̾˿ڤɢǳʧ
뵽Ľ걮еҰͷЩȣѯʵĽ걮ʱ䣬жã
Īָ㣬¶һ˿ɫϲĵֻʣ²⾰ˣʱǿǰĽ걮ȥ
ҰһۣЦݣж⣬Ľ걮ʱһҪǰȥԻԵ
ĪѵˣĽ걮ĵ޾飬Ľ걮пɲƽΣգЩʦҲȥλȥǧ򲻿ɴ⡣
ʤ˴գ¶һ˿ЦݣĽ걮úܣʱ˵ҿǶƷ񣬼Ȼ˴żﶫļֵ˿ͣһһѡɡƵʥͷϳСѡɣΪΣ
ЦǺǵĵĺöɲ٣Ҷŵ˵ҩζڵл񵤴ڣ˭˭𲻴󡣡
Īǰȥһģ֮˳ȥʱһŨĵ
񵤣ʤͬʱϲĴг
ҰͬʱϣϷȥһĿж¶ϲɫ鵤
ʤһۣɫ粻
ڽ֮УȻŽӲӵ񵤣
ֻţ
鵤Լӿ龳ٶȣͻСĹЧڽֻ񵤣ѡʤ϶һ˵òˡ
Ī˳ȡһ鵤Ц񵤺񲻹ְȡһ鵤ֲ񵤵ĵǿȥѡ
ʤ˵ͷĿⶼڷҰϡ
˵Ŀ⣬ҰƵЦЦҲҪ鵤Ҫڵ
ǾͶлʥˣʤɫϲϽһţʣµ鵤ȡߣæŷҰлѡ
Ұҡҡͷ˳ֽڵ
ҰھѾһƷˣֻҪٸ㹻ĲϣаڶʱڳΪƷ
ʱҪ鵤ж鵤ˡ
ڷҰ˵ļֵɱһ鵤ǿöˡ
ĪĿ¶Щɫпʦ˵һƷļֵɲһŶƷ񵤲Ƿʥѡ´ξҪѡˡ
ʤҲǳмҰҪǻòˣ񵤸ʺǡ
ĪĿڴһȦĿͣǽϵһɫ棬ȡ£ЦҲһƷҾҪɡ
˶ͷûκ
ҰĿڴıϷֱһ񽣣һɫ«Ʒﵽ˶Ʒ֮Уҿļҵ׵Ƿḻ
һڷһЩһĹ
ڴһǣǶѻһʥģ޲ϣĶһ
ƷҰȤȱȱ쵶ͽӽƷˣûҪҪĶƷѡһı
ȻҰüеĻ΢΢£ҰĽעڤаʬϣովڤаʬ˻ע⡣
Ī˵棬ҰҲ̽ڤаľֱ㽫ڤаʬЦҸϲԼı󲻴ڤаһ飬ϵĲϵǿ뵽֮Уʬ壬Ҫˡ
˵϶ЩɫǶûѡԵĺڤаʬ壬оʬûʲôֵҰҲû˵ʲô
ʤѡǰѻɫ񽣣ѡǸɫ«
ĪǸǰĿ¶һ˿ȵɫЦȻһ鵤ĵԺܹõõҾˡ
񵤵ĵǳ󣬷ҰӵеǼŵҶղصĲĪȻɣȴҲӵֶƷ񵤵ĵ
ֵȻȤ
Ұѽ鵤ĵȫӡԺ֮ˣĪȡ˵ûκ
ϻЩĵãҿддĶЩ޷Ұע
ҰתԱߵǶڣĿɨɨȥִһһƣ̻ŵ㷱ǣƺʱ仯š
ǼʴĪʶ㣬ƣ㾪˳
Ұ¶һ˿ɫɻĵƵʶƣ
ĪüͷǼʴǼ֮䴫͵ıԸӦǼʴʹվǼʴʹϼͻֱӴ뿪ֻǣ̩϶ûǼʴʹǼʴЩˣҲ֪λǿ;̩ǵʱġ
Ұ΢һ㽫öǼʴЦ޷粻ˣ˵̩ϻһصǼʴʹأҪˣöǼʴ֣Ҳȥ档
˶ҡͷڷҰԣûκϣ
ǻͶСˣû˵̩ʲôǼʴʹģöǼʴλǿ·ģ̩ûκá
Īѵʥϵ̩ǵϢֻܵţҪǼʴʹҲҪðȻǰŵǿߣ಻ʤв֮Σ
ҰȻЦлƵѣΪ̩ʼջ̫С˵Ψн۽ȥл̤߾硣ҲǼʴʹһܹͻƵ쾳磬Ҳǿյȥ
Ī˵ͷȴΪȻ
̩ϻûһ죬ҪΪ죬ɲǼ仰飬ΪҰҲֻ˵˵ѡ


821 ħ·
ʤӻѡһ׸ʶһѡһĵϡ
ĪԱϸӦһȻóһöɫɵķ׭͸һϢѹ
Ԫʤ
ĽĵƵʥǺȻҵһöԪ
ҰҲ¶һ˿ȵɫ˵Ԫͷ
ԪһֶƷǳƣը൱ʦǿߵǿһ
ʦǿߣըҲشʦ
ĪܹõǻԵС
ҰӻѰ٣ִһöʯƬҵĿ̻ǳһļۣʲôĵط
ǣҰֱöʯƬ򵥣
ʤѡһģ⴦żеıﱻǹϷֵĲˣʣµĶЩɫˡ
ʤʣµǶʥϵֳķݣһѡһݣÿ˶㡣
Ұҿʬǣ̾Ϣһ˳һâҪԱڸ
ۣ
бһڳһĴӣһɾϢ
Ұһۣжžϲɫͬʱϲĺ˳
һ֣ڴھܿͼھ·ŨϢһΧϢ£
Ұ˵ĵǺкñҴ˳ҿû뵽˳־ڳ⼸Ʒ
ʤֲ֧ĵϹȻǷȻһӾѰƷǴ컯
պһһհЦ
Ī޵һûӵйƷܹõһƷνǴ˴ջˣ
Ұ˸ȡһƷҰȻĪƵѣĳıԪܸȤ
Ұһ仰û˵꣬Ī˳ֽոȡķ˳ŷҰôҳֲɣ
ʤһۣɫ«ͻɫڴԾ
üͷʥһѰջЩϹذɣ
ʤϽȰϣƵʥɵĵѣΪֱǶǧҪ󰡡
˵ķӦҰЦλǵȰѻ˵ɣȻѰĳȻԶѳ֡ĳȷǿƵѵıԪƷȡƵǲͬ⣬Ǿˡ
Ұ˻ڣĪʤȫסˣĪĵѣҪƷȡҵıԪ
ǧȷƵѲ뻻ҰЦŵ˵ͷ
ڷҰ˵ƷĲϡӵеĶֵ߰ҲԶԶ籬Ԫʵڡ
˱Ԫ൱ڶһƣ
ʤΪҰƷļֵæ·ҰϣƷԼֵƷ񾧣ȡһűԪʵ̫ˣ˼
ҰЦЦƷȻֵ߰һǾñԪܱӰɣ֪Ƶѵ׻
ҵȻˣĪϲͷóöԪ
ĪڷҰЩ裬ûнԪݸҰǵȺҰȸƷ
ҰЦҡҡͷ˳ֽƷݵĪУЦڿԽԪ˰ɣ
ĪｫԪҰ¶һ˿ɫŷҰ˹֣֣صĵѣʧˣϣ֣νһռ˴ˣĪǷһ飡
Ұ˰֣Цˣȡ裬㵹Ҳûʲôҿ⡣
¡¡
ʼҡһӴϷ£·˴Ҫ뵽صƵġ
Ұɫ΢ĵǳȡƷػѾȫʧ飬Ҫˣ߰ɣֵûͷ
Ұ˵꣬˳ֽҿʬ뵽˸ղڳĴУ˵£һ˳ȥ
˼״ҲٴӴг
ǸոճãͺȻܵҲǼѹ˹
˵Ϊﵽ龳磬еȻûκӰ졣
֪Զ뵽֮£㲻ٶ룬һ⣬г
䣡
ȻʮԵɫǹâݺݵس·ճȥ
Ұɫ΢䣬һʱԼ쵶쵶ųһĨĵâƺһƵģݺݵؽԼĵǹâ顣
Īɫݺݵسǹâ˹ȥһ˿Žǰǹâ
ʤɫ񽣣ɫ«ɢ嫵ǹâȫ
ʤΪֻڣӲ֮ȫһ˿˿Ѫ
Ƕոյõ˶Ʒ²ҲˣĪﶼ޷Ӧ˴ݡ
Ұ˵ĿжӿֳһĨŭ⣬ǹâķȥ
ԶԶͼһδ󺺵Ӱ¶ڰУֳһɫǹȵŷҰˡ
Ұе֮󣬱δ¶һĨȵĹ󣬹Ц˵ôܹҵһǹԭǶƷղŵĲӦþҵĳǿߵżˣҲ
ʤһۣжٶЩɵ
ѾӦδ󺺵Ϊڣ
Ұǲͬзǵûо⣬ӿֳһĨս⣬ڵǿߵǿʲôز
Ұֳ쵶Ŀɨڱδϣĵһͷ
δЩĿ˷Ұһۣ¶һĨɫЦǳţ»ڵСһҲҸҽа壿
ʤ΢΢£ǵøտʼҰʱ򣬷Ұڡ
ҰΪǳޣҲûпȥ̽ҰľΪû뵽ҰȻͻƵˡ
ǣڷҰܷսʤδ󺺣һնûС
ڣսʤڣֻǸ˵ڵʿӵŶƷҲֻܴڵǿӵûսʤĿܡ
ȻֻǵԵ¡
ʤĪеǶƷҰе쵶ҲӽƷһ֣Ҳδش򲻹Ǳδ󺺡
ĪǱδ󺺣Ȼɫ΢ħԭ㣡
ʤ¶ݣδ󺺳˼ɵ
δ󺺲ĿĪһۣĵף벻ʶҡ
ҰĪﴫѯʵƵѣʶˣ
ĪﴫħɢеɱħǿɱԽӶԴڵľģǸݽɫ鷳ˡ


822 ǿƻɱ
ħĿĪϣĮĵǺˣΪʶң
ĪﾯħɵĵʥĪҪҶ֣׼ɵŭɣ
ħüë΢˫ųһĨ˵ɱɭȻκвɣҲԶˮⲻ˽ʣɣ
ħŭһеɫǹһǹһϢ׺ݵĳĪȥ
ĪݣǶħɵģһ־ѡĪҪڵһʱ佫ĪɱĪʱ佫˴鴫š
Īɫ΢䣬ŷ֣Ҳû˿տħӵ˵սʤħˡ
ʱһĨѤõĵâȻ𣬺ݺݵնħɫǹϣħһ
ҰӰĪǰڷ裬磬սڡ
ӲħһҰ벽δˣ
лԮ֣ĪϽŷҰлĿȴ뿪ħϣΨֱ͵Ϯˡ
Ұ͸һΨҶİǧħȻһЦҸڵļһˣԱΪ󣬿նħ
Ī˶΢΢£ʤԥϣħһڵǿߣһȡʤһԸ
Ұİ˰֣Цģڣ޷κεң
Ұһ˭İʤһİĸоӡǸĶŵķҰȫͬ
Īɫ΢¶һ˿Ц⣬ЦãǾһΪ󣡡
ĪｫʤԶۿʤü֣սʤħô÷һ˶Ըħⲻȥɣ
һΪǵĵ٣ѵ˷ʥոոƵѻǶ𣿱˵һڵħˣԲļһʥҲ
ʤ¶һ˿Ȼɫеĵǵȥ٣ϸֳһ˿ЦݣԭǶ뵽ˣѹǶżֻǿϧˣʥһƷģĵ̫ݳˡ
Ī̾ϢһǷʥ˱Ԫұ㽫ƷͻҵģϾΪ˾Ҳͦġ
Ī˶ΪҰӭսħ̾ǱԪҰȴûжñԪĴ㡣
Ұ뵽ʱ䲻ˣĴսδйһΣǸսӣƽӹ
ħ裬ڵսӶ˳Ұǳ֮ĴսһͬʱҲһԼ޵Ǽ񼼻ܷӳ
ڷҰҶӭսԼħҲǳĲ죬ĿŷҰȻǷǽǿͷСӣҶңҾ·
Ұգ͸һԨƣͷķ˷ۣϻ࣬սսս͹
ʤ˶Զ֣ҰƵĻһ̲סЦ
Сӣħһǹħͷ׹˸еɫǹŵǹâǹһ˲䵽˷Ұǰ
Ұǧħ֮ÿһëжų貶Ѥõ񻪣쵶ӭħһǹնȥ
࿹
ʲã
һĻõʤ˶ɵõɴ˫ۣһᵽɤ۶
ǱΪҰñԪԵУ˭Ҳû뵽ҰȻȥħ
䣡
ĺзһ񱩵·ضཬĽһԲɵӡ
Ұ˿δˣħеʮɣϳ𾪵ɫԼȻһڵļһˡ
ʤĪĿ࣬ڵʿڵǿߣǶһ޷ŵĸо
һѰķҰ̫ǿˣ
Ī¶һ˿Цĵոһɷѻҳ֣ڿһС֮ĶȾ֮ˡҪǳ֣ɱκˣ
ʤΪȻĵ˵ͷʤ˷ܵĵҲû뵽ϵΪȻǿҵĿ䳤ϣһռ˴ˣ
̾Ϣ˵Ȼȸ£ȥˣǺøƳ伴÷ѳ֣ٿΪӮһ
飬ҪڶᣬҿʱٿɡʤЦĺϲ£죬һգգĶųпš
ҰһħˣսڣŲߵ񼼣˲䵽ħߣݺݵسħٴնȥ
Ұһǳû˿ڣȴ̺һһǰİңƺһ赲Ƶġ
ħŭһϸֳһɫƣɫǹٶٴӭϷҰһ
䣡
Ƶĺٴһ֮粨ư˷
ħӰٴκˣҰЦԽ쵶˫ֿһƬɵ֮ǿ¡
³֣ħ¶һĨɫټһ߲ӣȶʮ£Žµ뿪Ȼ̺һ˿ʱ֮
ǧУʥͽΪҪӴʱ֮ʦ޷˵ˡ
ҰĿ£ܵǧеعѹƣ޷ӳ̫ӦеȴҲ̺һ˿ʱ֮ħڵļһԵֵסġ
ʶҰĹֶһ˿ʱ֮ħй⻪ԼսʤҰҲ⵽شòʧתԶ˹ȥ
ߣ𣿡ҰԾһüгһƬ磬ɭ
ħӰȻһͣ˲ͻָ˹űһѤõĵâΪⱲӼһ档
ۣ
ҰԵһն䣬ħǿƵΪ룬ѪȾ˰գһ˿궼δӳȥ
Ұ˳ֽħĴָɫǹ߲һħʬΪҽ䵽·С
ҰҪûΪεסħģѾ¶һ˿£Ϊλ뱩¶ĳɭ
ʤһۣж𾪡
ڽ֮ǰ˸ǣڵʿ֮ɱһڵǿߣǴš
ǣۼ֮ǲףⲻǴ˵
ҰĿУȫ˾ηɫоҰɲ⡣
ҰƮȻߣЦħͷĴָҾˣûɣ
ûɱģսƷ㣬ǵȻûʤϽ˵˳
̾û뵽ѲǸʥһӵսҵȴ۽簡
ĪЦӦûǷѵĵޣˡ
ҲֻǽʤˣλҲԷƱҰȻٴλָĶţʤ˶ҲС


823 
һż̽գҰ˶ջܴնɱħ֮ϲ
ĪҪɣ±ŷҰ˸ȥ
ҰʤһǷص˲ƳС
˴ջСҪȥչؽ«ȫˣѣѣˣŷҰʤ˹֣ڷλ˹ȥܿʧߡ
ȵȥʤŷҰЦεǶ˷ˣȻҵ˶Ҳ׶༪١
ʶҰǿս֮ʤԷҰͶأԺҪطҪطҰ˵֮ǳ
ҰЦЦĵϣһҲջ޴󣬻Ҫѵ롣
ʤŷҰϣϾɷϾһĳЩҪ뷽̡
ҰЦˣĳҲЩҪ̣ȻˣǷĳȥѸȥ߶һ
ʤ¶һ˿ɫûжʣЦǺǵǰ·
ûãҰʤһһžԺ֮С
Ժռؼ󣬼ɽɣˮɽˮ滨ݵ׺һ⾳
Ұ͵ĵ˵ͷЦѵĸۡƷζǷҲǸ֮˰
ʤҰõɽˮԵһͤ£ΪҰһ裬ЦǺǵĵϾԼªЩȽһЩ
ҰЦ֪кҪ̣
ʤƬ̣̹ȻϣҾͿżɽ˵ˡǲƳ壬ÿǧҪһ䣬ÿսλ飬ʤڽǧڲƳǵĵλʱ䣬ʣꡣ
Ұɫ΢Ϊĵѵ˼÷ĳʱ֣
ʤͷȻװ׳֣Իĳ͡
Ұ豭Цҡͷ˵ЦˣĳΪڣӵеںԲӦò٣ѻǱȥˡ
ʤЦûмʶħһսһ鷳ϡݺħնɱʵԻκڵǿߣԣҲźƤ󷽳ڰҳһΡ
Ұüͷ΢΢ڵʵĲ̫ߵ
ʤ˳Ͽҵ󣬿ϣҰҲƴǡ
Ұʤѯʵѣӵеľɷ˵˵
ʤҰ⶯ж˿ЦŽ͵ϲʣҲ򷽳ϳһ¡ƳǹҡҶҺ壬ҲٰˣԱ˴˵˽Ĳࡣ
ʤ΢ͣ£ּҸһλԲҶҺҶλڣֻһλڣÿսĻҲЩˡһλڣûʤǵڶǵҵԲȻҵԲֶԸֻҪԸҳսھͿˡ
Ұ˼ǶԸڵǿߣǿԡ
ʤķҰͬ⣬ϽŵϣлһƷƾĵֻҪҳһΣҿȥŵ
ɽҰЦŵͷ
񵤵ĵǳҰҲû뵽ҾȻƷ񵤵ĵ
ѾһƷˣҪ˶þͿԳΪƷ񣬵õƾĵҲͻƵʦ硣
ҰӦʤŷҰ˹֣ĵǾͶлˡ
ҰЦս飬Ҫ¾鵹ǲˣһ̡
ʤɻĵָ֪ĵǺ£
ҰһӣƿϣЦѣһЩ
ʤЩ²⣬иֳһ˿ϲɫùһƿ򿪣˳񵤣
ţʤִһƿٴξ񵤣
ʤ𾪵ŷҰ˿ҺŵĵϣһƷ񵤶ԼƵģɵˣ
ҰЦͷƳһƷ񵤡
ҰܹƳʮ񵤺ʮŰ񵤣ûȫóĴ㡣
ЩһƷ񵤵һҩȫǷҰΪʥȡģʱܹͳ񵤾Ѿܴˡ
Щ񵤺Ͱ񵤣ڷҰ˵ѾûʲôˣǷҰŻ㡣
ʤϹ˾ϲЦݣɵЦͶϲ£ˡ
ܿ죬ʤ㷴ӦҰԱߣЩɵŷҰҵȷǸһЩһҩѾôʥˣ񵤣Ҳ̫ˣ
ô˵ʤ˫ȴץƿţеƿƵģû˿˼
ҰȻЦЦ°ɡηĳƳһƷҲһЩƶƷ񵤵ĲϣһȡһƷ񵤡ȻǻһƷ񵤵ĲϣҿԵ񵤣۸Ȼһš
ʤŷĵĽڶһƷϹ˾ϲɫŷҰʩһ񣬼ĵϣĳ¶лˣϴҶеĹϵֻȡصһС룬ȻϵĹز䣬һҪҵҩȫʱҪ鷳ˣ
ͬʱʤڷҰĵΪ𾪣񵤶ҿһŵҩļ۸ⷽҰĳɵʵжߣ
Ұ˰֣Ц鷳̸ϣȡˡгϣһҩֵһǧƷ񾧣һŶƷ񵤣ֵʮƷ񾧣Ͱг۸ɣʮҩȡһ񵤡һ񵤵Ĳϣһš
ԣƬ̣ȥȥҾȽƾĵʤŷҰʩһ񣬻һʧԺС
ҰΪ⣬ЦΣ涼̲סҪ˰ɣ
ҰͤԵõƷ裬Ƭ֮󣬱Ӧٿʤˡ
һԺУʤһݹ߲ԺС
ǸݹϣҰӦһ־ۺĪĸȻ߿ţҰһַǳѹֵĸо
ʦ
˱ǲƳҵȣ
ʤϽΪ˽ܵϣλ棬λеĿ䷽Ұո񵤱Ƿơ
´˷Ұһۣ¶һ˿ɫĵ֮һһƷҪǿˣݷԨƺħҲԩ
ҰˡҰӦһȻ浹Щ£һ۾ͿԼϵĲܣϹСĵá


824 һԿ
ʤ֪˷ҰΪһƷϢڷҰ̬ȣǲΪ⡣
һƷۣλʦҲ˿
ֱĵϣ飬ʤѾˡȻʤѾ̸ʱ֣Ҿ͸һƾĵȥɡ
˵ţиֳһŹϵĵңңƮҰ
Ұֽӹŵɨһۣ֪ŵ٣˳ֵˣĳͶлˡ
˫Ŀº͵ŷҰѯʵ˵ϵĵѾͻƵ񾳽ˣ
ȻһֱڿıŻ٣Ұɴһ˿
񵤣Ƕʦ˵ҲһֺĶ
ǷҰṩ㹻񵤣ҵİ벽ͻԽԽ࣬ټϰЩ벽ҲᵮһЩ顣
ˣҵܹ󣬲ܹɳ
ҰɫƽЦĳǰƳ˲һƷ񵤣ҪȡĻ۸Ͱг۸ɡʮҩȡһһƷ񵤡һƷ񵤵ϣϻȡһһƷ񵤡
г۸ֻϵļ۸ҪĻ񵤵ļֵԶг۸Ҫߵöࡣ
һЦϸļ۸ͣϻȡһ񵤣ϵĳɵʵǺܸ߰
Ұ΢΢üͷ䵭ĵôѶҵĳɵʺܸȤ
ѯʷҰĳɵʣǵ÷Ұǳ죬Ұ˵û˿
ҰлиӦȻǸʦҲֻǸʦڵļһҪ֣оԵİܹѡ
οҰϻиԪҪë˷ҰҰԪζ
ҰıԪɲ򵥣оǸʦڵǿпԲǿԸǴ´ˡ
ҰķӦ΢΢еЩȣȻûдӷҰϸӦκξµĸо
һͶҽõһƷɲ˷ҰȻһЦ϶ˣҲֻһᣬ̽鷽ϵ֮ܡȻϴӦ԰һЩ񵤣񵤵ĲҶˡ
óһָ˳׸˷Ұ
Ұһץֳָһ˿ʶעȥɫ΢΢£ƽĵָ湲жҩһٰʮ꣬ϻʮ˿һƷ񵤡񵤲ʮ񵤲ϰʮһºһ񵤶ʮţʮšûҾʹָҾˡ
ЦͷԣϣϿԾƳƷ񵤡
Ұ׳ƿһƿװžſ񵤣һƿװžſŰ񵤣ĵƷ񵤿ɲ˵ƾܹƳģ£ĳˡ
Ұʤ˹֣һ⣬Ӵ˴ȥ
еƿ¶һ˿ζЦݣʤҵⷽϣˮƽͦߵİƢ˵㡣
ʤЦ棬ĸûƢ˼ֱѯ˼ҵĳɵʣҲѹǵˡ
ЦЦȻ˵Ҳܲ³ࡣȻϻȡһŵҩǾ˵ĳɵʿ϶ɡԹ̩ϵĳɵʾͲ߳ɣҲĳɵӦɵӣ಻ᳬ߳ɣӦǵõĳԶǿߵĵС
ҲҲµ̫ߣҲµ߳ɡ
ȴ֪ҰĳɵǾ޽еʮɣ
ʤ̸ʱ򣬷Ұ뿪˲Ƴǣܿ㷵صɽ֮С
ʦҰոսɽУ㾪ϲӭ
ηҰʱ䲢˼ʱ䣬ͻˣϴγأδٴαչء
ǡ񡢰ָ˱壬ɽȸӦҰȫŷҰӭ
ҰЩĵôֶָˣ
ǺĿڰϣӲӵĵ֮ĺܲϰߣǾԼıʺС
Ұ˼ĵ˵ͷ֮ȻǾñʣҲǰɡ
µӣҰһ㶼ʩ̣滮ĳӵδǷ
֣С껵ȤȻͬҰǵĵҲȫͬ
֣Ļ֮СԵ֮ĸȤߵһȭ֮ͽܣȫͬĴ
󻤷Ұǲֻ̫࣬Ҫָʱ򣬻һЩҪָ㣬߶ԶҪԼŬ
Ұ󻤷ȥԼԷص֮С
̽գҰԼջЩɻҪϸоһ
Ұȫ˳һƷڵһڤаʬ壬һǼʴһűԪһŹʯƬһʥϵһһƷǹħĴָ
ҰעͣħĴָ棬ħһⴢָͱ֮ҰֳһʶⴢָежȫԺС
ħĿأҰɵƲƲ죬Ҳ̫ˣ
ھֻвǧ飬ʣµĲʥǸͨĲҩĵȫҰˡ
Ұ΢һ˼ħѿС磬ظĶСУֻСѾҰһˣƷҲͲ֪䵽ĸˡ
ҰħĴָûжڴõǧھҲһϲǲû̫ʧ
ţҰǿŹֵʯƬݺύĿһǳһĻۣ͸һɹϲɣϢ
Ұ̽һʶȻԺиֳһϢ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ʯƬȻǽĽ걮۱̨ʮöԿ֮һ
Ľ걮һǲе鶼ʸĽ걮еľ۱̨ΨֳʯԿײܹ۱̨
ȻʯƬǽеһԿףܷӾ۱̨ȡҪԵ
ҰһǸֳһ˿ЦݣõöʯƬ뵽Ľ걮УҲ޷ﵽ۱̨
öʯԿףҰóǿǼʴ
ǼʴԸӦǼʴʹڴмǼʴܹǼʴ͡
˶ҧ̩ûκһǼʴʹΪҰõǼʴҲûκãǷҰȴô롣
ȻǼʴ̩ϣ̩ҲδؾһûǼʴ󣬻ֻǱȽΰˡ
ô˵ӵǼʴ÷Ұ˴̩߳ȥĻᡣ
öǼʴ𣬷ҰĿǾڤаʬϡ
ȡڤаʱüеĻ춯ҰڤаԲ򵥣


825 ڤ
ŵϵڤаҰüеĻٲҰ̽һ˿ʶϸ̽ڤаʬ壬ȴһ
ǻı壬뷽ҰͨʱѾûǣҲЩԡ
ӻϵӳһصĲҰ΢Ӧ˻Ҫ˼
ҰйɫĽڵУžͽڤаﶪ뵽˽ڵ֮С
ڤаһ飬֮ڷҰĻһʱҲ޷١
˽ӽһʱڤаſʼڻ
䣡
ȻӽڵгһϢڵеĻ澡ڵҲٱ
ڵϲһɫ˪ӵ˪״ûһ˿ȴ͸һɱϢ
ڽڵ֮УڤаʬѻΪɻң澲һĵĻ棬͸һɳǵϢļ¡
ڤ棡ҰɵþϹ˿ϲɫ
ڤ沢ûɢȻڤаʬ֮У
ڷҰڤаʬڤٴ¶˳
ڻӦ춯ʱ򣬷Ұ͸оڤӦôڤаʬ֮УҲǸ²⣬ڤеĳڷҰǰҰȻֹסĿϲ
ڤ棬ڤаڵĻ棬һֵػ֮ʮˣںʮֻ֮ʮģ
ֻ棬ҰͶԵøǿ
ҰǿѹеĿϲ֮ɫ˼£ŵƽԼ״̬
ÿһֶӵлص㷽Ұڴﵽ龳磬Ҫڤ棬Ҳ˿Ҵ⡣
ҰԼ״̬۷壬ְڽϣʱоһɱոдڡ
ָоǳĹ죬ޱȣȴһյĸо
Ұڵľתϲת糤Ӱ㷭ڣӽڵгһڤ棬ڡ
ҰʱоԼľƺҪڱлΪҽƵģָоǳܣԿüٶȿήţ嶼͸һɫ⻪
ǷҰħ壬ѳԽ˴󲿷֮£ѾΪ˻ҽ
һ棬Ҳ飡
ڤ棬Ұ޾壬ھתתڤԼ
ͬʱüеĻҡҷӳһĻҰȫڣ޸ľ
ٴʹҰܹڤµʹǲûʲô
ʱеڤ涼ҰϣΪԼĻ档
Ұһվ͸һǿš
Ұһиֳһɫ棬أĻꡣ
ܵڤϢҰвɵ¶һĨ̾ɫڤ¶ȵȷ̫ˣǰǽڵһʥĻͻΪɻˡ
Ұĳڤֽһǹʥ뵽ڤ֮Уڤ淭Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ͽǹʥһŽˮ
Ұϳϲ֮ɫڤȷͬ죬涼ڸڤȴڼ͵¶
¶ȼͣȴܹ
Ұֽһ񵤵Ĳ϶뵽˽ڵ֮Уڤ£գ۵ʱ䣬ͽ⼸ֲȫᴿϡ
ҰƬ̣һһɫε񵤾˳
ڤ֮󣬷ҰٶȺЧʶ˲٣һЩƵҩҲܹܿ
ڤҰǷǳģڶԵ֮ʱͻȻôһ£Իõ˳Բ˶ߡ
ڤ汾ͿԷٽ󺣣Ұ߶֮ǿҲֻǷַӵ顣
һ̽գҰջģӦþڤˡ
Ұ㿪ʼڤ濪ʼ߰ʱ䣬ͽЩһƷ񵤵ĲϾһƷ񵤣ҰȻȫһ룬ʣµһװ뵽ƿ֮С
Ȼ󣬷ҰעתƵƶƷ档
Ұ׼񵤣Ȼ鵤
񵤵ÿһƲ裬ҰӡԺ֮Уǲûٹоֱѡϣʼ񵤡
ڤ֣ҰҲʧβƳ񵤡
ҰһǳĺôֻҪƳֵҩҪƵʱ򣬻ϾͲʧˡ
º󣬷ҰϵĶƷҩȫ˶Ʒ񵤡
һٰʮҩܹƳʮ񵤺ʮĸ鵤
Ұ˷񵤣յõʮŸ񵤺ʮĸ鵤
ȫڤ֮󣬷Ұ鵤һʧûУûκ˷ѡ
Щ϶ƳҰѾһλĶƷˡ
ҰƷƾĵ˳ϸо
ܣƾĵƣҰоԼӦҲܹƷƳֻûκһƷҩҲֻܽƾȸǳ
ʱ䣬뷽ҰԼõʱˣҰٻͽأǰƳһ˵ҩ
Ұλڲðټȥרһˣǰ͵һѡ
ʱΪѾﵽ磬ֱֽÿֲݣ
Ȼ⻹ǵھƹʹ˴ʮƷ
ҰԼƺ͵ҩ磬ʢŵҩƿϲ¼ƣֹҩϢйЦҸԼõĵҩΪʦһ˰ɡΪİȫȥɡ
ɵĵ˵ͷûѯƿеʲôҩ
Ұδ󻤷¹ʲô⻹ǵһظ˵֤
ӰһҡͻΪСϽ
ȵվ֮񱳺ȶħ뿪תʧߡ
ıϣٶ죬ңԶʱҲﵽ˲Ƴ⡣
̫ע⣬һͻΪһüĿ꣬粢ƳС
ףⲻҵǷѾͷ𣿵˸ƤҺõðո̤뵽ƳУϾһ٬
ü΢壬תͷȥͼһаЦվ·룬ҡӡ
ɫ΢䣬Ҷ೽˵ע㣡
˫ĿиǳŭɫҰ磬ŸոǣⲻʶôСӵϷ磬¾Ҫ֡
֪ǰø̤ʥ磬ֹأæһ£С壬ˣҶеĵһˣʹﵽ𾳽磬ҪȥƻвС鷳
󻤷Ĺϵãƽʱ尢̵Ľţ󻤷Ҳǳ谮
üǿѹסŭ𣬳ŶҶ೽ȵٸҶС㲻һ㣡
ϧķչԤϡ


826 ǳ
ϢˣҶ೽ȴƫƫá
Ҷ೽ҶһһˣҪִҶҵ˽ܡ
ƳУһЩʥǿ߼ҲͿġ
Ҷ೽ûֱӽȳģɫһӾͱ
Ҷ೽˫Ŀ˸űĹ͸һɿƣЦҿĺܣ͸ϢӦôﵽʥ߾˰ɣҲǴʥ磡ΪƧ֮ػܹưԣƳǻøϽҵǸ
ԽʮļһᣬҶ೽һۣС㣬߰ɣˡ
簵ҡҡͷҶ೽԰ǳϲҲһڷȥ
վסҶ೽Ȼθߡ
ͣ½Ų䵭ĵ㻹ʲô£
綼һףҶ೽˫Ŀһɫĵ磬ΪͻƵ磬ְϸʥ߾ãܹҶ೽ڣϹҹµǸҾ͸ҵйġ
ž
Ҷ೽Ļﻹδ˵꣬˲䵽ߣݺݵһƽȷ˳ȥһſѪģ
񻹲ٴϣһҶ೽عϣһ𣬵Ҷ೽ȫϿ
Ҷ೽һˤڵϣһɱƵĲҽ
һ֮䣬ͷҶ೽
ϵڶʿȫը˹ڴϵڱҶҴ˾ѾǺ˲õˣȻºַҶҴˣ
壡絣ǵľ
ǿʵ͸һƣһĵЦݣСģ˵⣬Ҫ£ǣǾ;Բ֣СС㣬ȫģƻֱҪ
ϲ˵ǣ첽뿪ټĵ壬Ǵ˴ˣҶҴˣҶҾԲʹ˰ֵģǸϽҽȥ㣡
˵ţó˷ҰǿƣٴһѶϢ֪ͨʤ
ಡ
δ߳ףһƿ֮𣬽Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ʮʥ͵Ϣǰ
ҶҵĻӣˣ
ЩӶҶ೽ֶνģЩʥ棬ʥ
ѹҶ೽ҲϣҶҵЩǰ
Ҷ೽ڵϲҺҶһӵЪ˹ĵӥ壬ɱеģץס磬ҪҪ𣡡
ӵĴͷǸ̤ʥǿߣҶ೽Ĳ״ŭڣߵҽ೽ү˵֮أ鵽ҲȲǣɣ
Ҷӥδ䣬ʹһӰԱߡ
ɫ΢䣬һӰٵˡ
ΪҶӥһЩٶȵǻʤһǴ磬ҲǳѸ٣ٳҶҸۡ
һ֣ˣҶӥŭһֶΧ
ΪԶʥĸϣҲȥǴʱ硣
Ϊ˱磬Ϻܿ͹˲ʣǰҶӥ˺ѳ߰˵ݺύ˿ڣÿһɼǣѪ׵ɫȾˡ
ˣ˫˸Ųɫα磬ûܵ˿˺
ȻһըװŭʤӰڰУһƽҶӥȫķ˳ȥ
Ū֮ǰʤҲĿֻţʱǲûɱ֣ǽҶӥ˱ˡ
棡
ϲĺ˳ű㽫עתƵϣæĵ壬ôˣû˵ڸ
ЦЦİɣˣ
˵ţӴָͳһöɵһ̷ȥϵƿٻָš
ΪŻҰÿ˶һЩرĵҩҰɲȱٵҩʱ򣬹Ȼó
ʤ磬º͵ѯʵ磬ʲô飿
ʤ֪ǷҰͽܣҰԸҺǿϣλ󱲵Ҳûаʲôӡ
Ӵָóƿݸʤ棬ʦҴģ˵ԼõĵҩոڽǵʱҶ೽ң忴ȥһ䣬Ȼ˵ĸˣʹһ٣ȻͺҶҵĻӡ
ԣʤ˲ƿװʲôͷһƬȡ
һƷ񵤣
ʤĿתѯʵλ˭
͵ʦµһ
ʤ˵ͷĿҶ೽ŭߵҶ೽ҵ˶Ҷǲǻˣ
Ǹͨҵӣʤᷢô𣬵Ҷ೽۸Ķ磡Ǹ񵤵磡
ԼļʱЩȫҪ뵽ҶˣŭĸԴ
ң淽ҰԼ񵤣ڲƳб۸ˣԼҲѴ̡
ʤҰļֵԷҰ£
ﰵˬǸӦǰλ飬Լ»֮һ鶼ԼάԿɼԼ֮ߡ
ʤ٣Ҳָ̫ұһȣһͬӴһӰٴ߶ǸʮӣƱʤҪǿʢ
һ飡
壡һҪΪˣҶ೽ϲĴг
ǵӰҶ೽ߣҶ೽ôǱģŭڣͳһŲɵҶ೽££Ҷ೽ѵĹԸԵ
˱ŭڵվ˫Ŀ絶Ķʤʤֶ
ʤ״΢΢üͷ䵭ĵҶֶϷλ󱲣˽ѵҲӦãȰ㻹ǲҪ嶯ĺá
ҶȻĵʲôҲֶȣֶϷңȻֶϲϷҽһҪߣֶȥ¯ԱǸӦþǳֶļһɣûдڵıҪˣ
ʤ̤ǰһȻֶˣ󱲾Ͳˣˣұˣ
ҶŭһɭȻʤͲҵĶ֣ҲҸҽа壿ңΪˣѹҶԣܴң
ʤݺݵҧҧûʸңǱסˣһ͸ѹң
Ҷ˫Ŀ˸űĹĵʤĪҪѹңҾ͸ѹҶң˻ƴһһΣ㽻ˣ


827 ɱ
Ҷĳ֣ûˡ
оѾԼԤϣϽ֪ͨ˷ҰͷҰ͹ϵ벻̫ңԶĻǿֱ괫
ҲǷҰһͬǰԭ֮һʲôԵֿΣգ괫֪ͨԼڵһʱϵ
ҰڱĿյ괫ˢһ˫ۣ˫Ŀ˸棬ŭ
Ȼ˸ҵ磬붯۸ˣҰλڱŭˡ
ҰӰˢһʧԭأħ󷭹һ£ҰӰʧӰ٣ŭߵƶɢҲһ·ŲƳ˹ȥ
ڲƳУʤҶıȣȴҧأ벽ˡ
ҪҰҪҰ֮һᣬʤŹ
ô꣬ʤһѩ̿ԶȽЧҪǿöࡣ
ʤȻһҪסˣҾʹʬ̤ȥҶѾﵽ˶㣬Ҳ˲ˣוּһһɫ񵶣͸һӿ֮ݺݵسʤն˹ȥ
ʤ̧ƳһƵһԣƾռһɫ񽣣˸ӭҶеɫ񵶡
ﬣ
һ촫еһȦȦɼתһϵķģȥ
Щų֮УŴػĳΧԶ
ƷҶĿ¶һĨ𾪵ɫ
ʤΪڣҶΪڣҶܹȵѹʤ
ӵ˶ƷʤȻ϶٣
ʤеǼƷҶҲͷȣйޱȵĳʤк
ҶֻǴ㽫ʤˣȻˣڣҶѾ׼ˡ
ʤҶսһΪͱҶһ㣬еĻɫ񽣣ܹҶǿ
йҶ׼ᣬһʤ£Ѫ
ҶһʤϣʤǱɫ˹
Ҷٴκݺݵ߳һţʤ߷˳ȥЦʤһ񽣣͵ײҵĳͷˣҾʹˣһܵӦеĳͷģ
ʤ˼ûҶŭҶ񽣸£ܴߣ粻ҵĺ󱲣һλϵͽܣŭڵģ
ҶһԼˣ뱣ǣϵͽΣҪߣҲҪߣ
ߣҲߣҲҪˣһԾһãҰӰڰУĿɱڡ
ʦ羪ϲĴг滨ϳ˼
й̡
һΪˣһ̵ˣзǳĸж
Ϊ˲۸Ҷκεˣ
ϣˣٲҾҪˡʤǴѪĳŷҰЦЦڵ˷Ұһƴ֮ķҰŷҰʧġ
Ұʤ˵ͷѣˡ飬ĳˡ
ʤϲĵ˵ͷҸҶƴΪ˵ȷҰ仰
ԷҰʵ׻Ҷ
ǣԷҰƢ˽⣬ԸˣҰûʤֹ˼ɣҪҶҪնɱ
ҰͲµ
ҰǲûһͶҶ֣ǿߡ
ˣ÷Ұ˿ǰ˿ڣɫ
ҰһһŰ񵤳УһС
ǿԼӿٶȵһƷ񵤣̺žĿԱֱյϢҲˡ
ֻǣðһʥˣôݳ޵Ұǵһˡ
ʤϼֱ촽΢΢£˵ʲôʲôû˵
̫ݳˣʤﶼڵѪ
ҶҲסˣðʥƤˣöôеܹõ
ο˵Ǹ񻹽һʲôʲôʱ򻤷ִˣ
ϵ˿Ƭ֮ͽ䣬û˵ʱûκ
ңд񵤵ûб˿ĵڻڣѹ˾֮Улȥ
л񼤶ĵлԼղʲô컯
ҰֵöĺܺãΪ񾳽磬Ը㵱ԡڣԸˣֳЩ˶ǳˣǣΪǱ𡣡
Ұⷬ˵ķǳƽȴӵһŷħƺƿףƺ֮İ˵ģһܹʵ֣
ոЩ֮˸ͷȻҶ֮ԷһЩ
񵤵ԣǽΧ۵˶Ŀɿڴ㰵ҡҡͷ
ҰеħҲôһ˲䣬˶ΪֻǴڷҰ˵İѰ񵤵ԣû˿š
ʤȴ֪Ұʸ˵ֻ뵱ҰһƷ񵤣ʹ󷽵ĸһ񵤣ҵЩ͹Ժóʱˡ
ǼĪоԼӣͲʲôƲʱҰߣ˼ɵָǸߵģǸֵģǸģȫǳˡǱߴɫģȫǰΧˡǸŰµһļһǵϷס
Ұ˵ͷȻˣЩˣһܲ
ҶоһַǳĸоŷҰȵλѵĺܣΪһڵļһܹڲƳҰЩ˶Ҷ֮ˣҶһˣҶҲݣ
ҰĮĵҶһɱһһ˫ɱһ˫ڻƽҶңñŭң
ҰӰһҶӥǰһҶӥͷ­˳ȥ
Ұٶȼ죬ľҶûзӦҶӥԴѾˡ
ҵɱҶҵӣˣҪ߲ƳǣҶں׷ŷҰĽŲȴʼ׷ϣĿһſҶͷ䣬ǶĿҶ
Ұ䣬Ƭ֮䣬㽫ڶҶһȫնɱֻʣҶ೽
ҰվҶɫ񵶾ͳŷҰն˹
ҰԭһӰ˲Ҷ೽ԱߣŵҶ೽æģϳ˾ɫ
ҰĮҶ೽һۣĵ±ӣڵ£
Ұ£һųҶ೽Դȥ۵һҶ೽Դ鿪궼δӳ
Ҷһһˣ䣡


828 ն
Ұһ־ǿޱȣҶ棬նҶڶǿߣնҶһһ˵Ҷ೽һʱõΧ۵ڶʿȫ𾪵˵
Ҷ೽Ƴǵڶʿ϶˽һЩҶ೽ҶҵĵλҰնҶ೽൱ҶƣҶҾʹ˰֣
Ҷ೽ˣΧ۵ڶʿȫÿ˵϶𾪵ɫ
Ҷ೽Ѫģʬ壬ǶＴΪһƬǷ֮أΪ˱ⱻʿ뿪˴˴
Ƕ֪ҶһڵǿߣҰҶնɱҶҵڶ󱲵ӣ˵ҰΪٲҶ
棬ΪǸԱ߹սһನܹ֮أ
ʤɫҲǰδеиֳһϵƣһѶϢ
ķչѾԶԶԤϣ
ֻնɱҶҵЩʥ;ǿߣǻлأʤҲû뵽ҰȻǿƣҶһһ˵Ҷ೽ɱˣû˿ԥ
ʤҶ೽˽ǳ֪Ҷ೽ҶҽǧǿߣҶϣ̤ʦˣھô˷ҰУҶҾưոݡ
ʤףԺ鲻ȼԲֵģڵһʱ֪ͨҵ
ҰɱҶ೽Ҷɵ£Ŀѣ˫ĿӿŭŭɱֶҶ㣬Ҳɣ
Ҷ˵꣬˾һƵģһɿŭԾƣ˲䵽˷Ұߣеɫ񵶳ŷҰݺݵնȥ
Ұ·һĨЦݣԵ쵶У͸һһǰİԵ쵶һĨѤõĵâӭҶնɫ˹ȥ
ﬣ
һ쳹Ľ֮Ҷеɫ񵶱ҰһΪ룬ϵ׹գû뵽˽ֵ֮С
һĻ˶Ŀɿڴ
Ƕ֪ҶеɫһƷǶƷҲ׵ؽ֮նϣû뵽ȴҰһնϣҰ񵶣Ǻּ
쵶ʲߣǴѰʥϣ쵶˼⣬˰ŻĴѪ쵶ͬˡ
쵶ȻǶƷڷҰȫһ֮£նһƷҲʲô
ԼıնϣҶɫˢһ±òҰף۵һѪ
ҰƲˣе쵶ƺ֣ҶһɼǵѪۣҶļʱһ·Ұܹһϣ
ðԵһͷһͷʶ˷ҰһǲʲôаԵ
Ұе쵶ų⣬һҲɫӺ˲䵽ҶߣҶͷն䡣
Ҷ˫Ŀг˾ɫҰһϡƽȴ·ƵֻӲӲ
ǣҶıѾѣܹ뷽Ұ࿹
ҶͷֱȫӶжϵϸǸֳһɫףеͬһսƵģͼ·Ұɱһ
ס֣һۻķŭ֮һǿԾϢ߿ٶ
Ұ˲ܲʣе쵶û˿ͣԸٶȳҶնȥ
ۣ
ѤõĵҶԴҰһ˳ȥϻŲʺŵɫû뵽ҰľͽԼԴ
ҶԴˢһ³һɵ꣬δ룬ͱҰе쵶ƮƮĻȫ顣
Ҷһ飬Ƴǧ꣬ʹ䣡
ȫһݵŸ߿еķҰǶ׷ҰΪǳͷһʦǶоԼ޺
ΪԼҰ鶼ɱ˵ȶ飬ֵ׷棡
ʤап࣬Ӳ֪ҰƢȻ֮󣬲ɱҶҵһˣһҶҵһ飬¸ûκλˡ
䣡
һ񱩵𣬴ź纣ϢݺݵسŷҰɱ˹
Ұһе쵶˸һĨѤ⣬ǿޱȵĳն˹ȥ
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Ұֵڷ޷裬ΰɽѱİˡ
һ뷢԰׵ߣһϮɫۣϲһľϵϳŭɱȻŷҰ
Ҷʤѹ
Ұ߱ʤĴϣ˾Ҷ೽үүҶҲҶĸףǸԲǿߣǧĪҪ嶯
Ұĵ˵ͷҶ͸һΨҶĸƣȻ壡
ҰնɱڵħûжöٵƣʱԵһԲǿߣҰԼҲһս֮
οҶҶ೽үүҶ׵һս޷⡣
ȻⲻˣǾΨһս
೽Ҷŭ˫ĿһƬѪ졣
Ҷ೽Ҷǧǿģϣ̤ʦģҶȫϣϣû뵽ʱȴɱˣȫŭ
ҶȻõģҲﵽڵľ磬ȻҲɱˣҶܡ
飬ÿһ֮жǶģһͻ˥䲻١
Ҷ೽ӳԶ˵ӰҶҷչҶҶҵӰͼӰģ
ңҶ೽ҶͬһУܶԷʲôҶҲҪնɱֱ
ҶŭһϵĽ֯Ƭ۳һƬӨӨҶҶԵ쳣˲䵽˷ҰߣҪҰһɱ
Ұδ֣ʹӰ̽һֻϵƣĴƬӨӨҶ棬ƬҶ
ڴͬʱһݹ߳ڰУƽ޲ҵȣ
Ҷ˫ĿŭҧгݵĵǰҾһǰСɱҶն೽ҶݣǰҪ֣ѵҶҿս𣿡
еҲһ𾪵ɫȻû뵽Ұ˺еǳ֡
Ҷ೽ҶȫڷҰУҶҾưոݣڰԹҰ̫ˡ
ԺͷתĿ⵭ȻҶҵĿ䳤ϣҲԹۡ
ô˵Ұҵϣ˴θΪ񵤲ǳ鷳Թۡ
ǣҪҶӲƴǿ϶ͬġ
ƥ㻹ΪҶҺ۸ɣȻһϵһ׷߳ڰУ˫Ŀŭӿ纣˿
Ҷ棬ˣ


829 ɱԲ
ҰüеĻҡҷӳ˿˿ƵĻ⻪ʸӦ˵ľΪ
ʦڣ
˵Ϊһʦڣ͸ѹǿ嫺һ㣬úԶ˸ӦһԴϢѹָС
ΧΧ۵ڶʿɢȥֻвִﵽʥ߾ʿңԶĵطۿţҵǿڰйۿ
Ҷ֣ʹƳж͸һѹϢ
ķչ˵ԤϣҰĺģǱƳҶ棬ûΪҰܹȥ
ҶԪ˫Ŀضˣһһٵ³
ҶԪҶ೽Ҷʬ壬ŭҶ˫Ŀеŭǿʢ
ҶԪĿˢһڷҰϣϽ֯űɱͿҵŭ⣬ɭȻĵСӣɱҶӵܣʲôҶҪ
ҰȻˣĵǸ
ҰƵĻԶۿڶǿ߶̲ס಻ѣҲ̫ˣҶ棬Ҳš
ҶԪŭӿ򶼷һѪɫ⻪ɭȻãǳţ»Ŀȡ֮ҿ˭裿
ҶԪ˵꣬ĿɨھҪҲ֡
΢΢üͷĮĵҰҵĿ䳤ϣҲǰɱ
ҶԪŭһɱҶڶϵ粻նɱҶδ棿һΣҶңҲһҪɱҾˣҵҲ֣ұ㷢ҶǣҲݣ
üͷҲ֪ҶԪķŭˣҪҶģұȻأֻװױ˵Ⱥڰеҡ
ҰǸһƷ񲻼٣Ϊ˷ҰҶȫ濪սǾԲӦġ
˼Ƭ̣תͷҰϣҲܶңҿԲסҶԪܷӹһ٣ͿԼ컯ˡ
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬ĵǾͶлˡ
ֻҪʦ޷Լ֣ǶԲǿߣҰҲĿһս
ҶԪɫ粻֪Ѿ˺ܴòٱȥ¾ҪĴսˡ
֣ҶԲΪҲնɱҰˡ
ҶԪɭȻҽԲ֣Ҷκ˶ò֣ҵҪСӵʲôܴͣҶ߲ɣɱ
Ҷ͵˼£ҶԪסˣﻹԥ
Ҷŭһиֳɫս꣬ɢԾϢŷҰ˹ȥ
Ұ˫ƣе쵶͸һɿԳҵĹâõɫսնȥ
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쳹ĺ𣬿񱩵ŰգҰҶٷֿ˴ңңš
ҰаȻͬȫ֣ȴδܹҶһɫս飬ǶЩԤϡ
Ӳ˵˴Ѫͼ쵶ѾԶԶɫսꡣֻǣɫսһԲҶУҶ֮ҰҪһ飬
ⲻ֪ҶиΪ𾪣ҶԼԲͣǧ꣬ΪԲҪȴڸҰ潻˿δռϷ磬˵ֱǲ顣
Ҷ˫Ŀٴαŭռеɫս˲ֶлΪצŷҰɱ˹ȥ
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ҰоܵնԽԽѹ֣ƺһεѹͷûɵĲһֶĤݵĳ嶯
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۷ѹҰ¶һĨЦ⣬ȫ߶ƵӡüгһƬԻõľ󣬹½룬ɭ
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ǸɫҶƬҲһĹ⻪ŵĿУʼı鿪ɢڰС
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Ҷɫ䣬ӿһƬƬĹϵɫģ۳һɫףͼҰʱ֮ȫȿ
ǣ̺֮һ˿ʱ֮֮֯ƣһ׿谭˵ģ
ʱ֮ɳ©һ㣬Ҷϵ֮͸˽ȥ˶סٶȱǰδеĻ
ҰȻһգ쵶УԾĳҶŭնȥ
ӸҶҶԪŭ̺ſֲ֮ѹնںѡ
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һ˲䣬Ұе쵶Ѿն£ѪܵĽҶΪ룬һɫҲȻը飬Ҳδӳ
ҶΨһԲǿߣͬ˷Ұ£
һĻ˶ıҰԾʵסҰΪͷΣÿжӿһɷǳɵĸо


830 ˴ʦ
ҶǸԲǿߣһΪɲ⣬ѹƳǽأҺҵԲѹһͷ
ǣҶȴڵķҰУһ
Ұս˶һֿ͸ĸо
ԽСսǿʢնɱҶ̩Ϻʱ˵
Ұóһ˿ʱ֮ͬĪ
ʱ֮ʦ޷ӴҰȻԶóȻõĲ࣬ȴ쳣ǿڶսܹ֮𵽾ʤá
һ֮䣬ҶҽһλδʦһλںһλԲҶԪһӲ࣬˫Ŀͨ죬ŷҰŭշģұɱ㣡˭ңǾͲݣ
̤ǰһվҶԪǰЦȻҶִҪƻ֮Э֣ĳ㣡ҶҪսҲˣ
û뵽ҰȻĽҶԲǿ߸նˣ
Ҷ飬лһǽеԲǿߣʵˮҪսҲ޷еùҡ
οնɱҶķҰûܵκơҶĸҴսԷҰսɱҶԪ֮κˣ
Ѿ˽ǵҶң侮ʯҶԪҪҶҵȫսҶҡ
ĻҶԪһ˹
ѾͬڸղţҶҵԲѾ䣬һиԲڣŷҰնɱԲڡ
οһڰлıսҶʮа˾Ҫҷ
ΨһܹѹסҶҵĻᣬ踺أ뵽ʦڣ
ҶԪŭѾûǣҲֻܴ̣ǿ侲
ڣ֣ܳ
ҶԪ˫ĿѪŷҰݺݵҧҧҰҶ㲻죬һ죬һ㣡
ҰƽȻҶԪϾĽ쵶𣬵ĵɱңҲͬɱңûκλᣡ
ҰĿԶսϣеĹâĮĵҰҵϣԴţ˸۸ˣҶҵ⼸ǵ³
ɱӺ
ڶսжֳһͷȻΪͷŲǶ
Ҷ涼ҶƳл˭
ţһθߵ˵ҰУһɷ籩йս߶ס֣ԼǰԵŵ
ҰſӣҶԪͷҧгݵĵھ㣡
Ұһ¶һŽɫɵ׭ģҶԪһЦŵĵʱ̣ӣ
˶Ұ׵ˣҲ̫˰ɣնҶôǸɣҵҪЮʦڹ
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ҶԪͷҲصĵͷȥʱѾҶˣҶԷҰˡ
Ұںӣ㲻ͦôսˣʲô
Ұҵţҳն㣡ҶԪңңһŭ֮쳹ʵƶ𵴵ķɢ
ǣҶԪûлͷԸٶԶ
Ƴǵڶʿȫ𾪵Ŀ࣬ҰҪЮʦҶԪһ˼ɵҶԪӣ˭޷顣
𾪵ǣҶԪ˻Ҷ֣ˣ
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һһҶڶӢɱҶ仨ˮ󣬾Ҷ涼ˣҰġ
ҰʬĴָõЩʬҶӵܶŭԣҰҲǡ
˼±ϣҰЦζлԮˡ
˰֣ǺЦϿˣҵˣ飬⵱Ȼ᲻ܡ
Ұݲ䣬ȴΪȻ绹Ǹ磬ƶǵˡ
˸˷ܵĹ󣬼ĵ٣ϵʵǿնҶҵԲ൱жҶҵһ۰ҶҽˡôҵǻҪлŶԡ
ҰȻЦҶϼһնɱҶҲҪһֽŲС
һĨ𾪵ɫҰ˼סҶԪҰȻаտնɱҶ
뵽˷ҰոóǱԪϸֳһ˿Ȼɫ
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ֻǣ
ЦӵбԪҶԪҲҶ֣Ҳ֣ҪɱҶҲ̫鷳
Ұ֪ʲôҲýͣʤ˹֣˴һǰ͵ȻҩѾʤУҷĳ͸ˣô˵Ԯ֮飬ĳˡ
ѾƺˣеĹ⻪ӳңŷҰϲȥ𣿡
߶ţʹ˸ǣҰЦҡҡͷִһ֣ڣ뿪
ȵҰȥ֮ʤҰƿ񵤵ݸЦ棬Ƿ񵤡
ƿ򵥽ƣһʶУ϶ʱֿ˻ʤѯʵʤоҰΣ
ʤˣӵնɱԲսӵƳһƷ񵤵ĵ壬ֵýύΪѣΪս¡ΪУնɱ
˼ĵҰԴţȥ
ʤɫ΢䣬Ͻ棬ǧܴҰ⣬ȻĻڵҶҾͻǽǣڷҰֻܽãܵ
¶һ˿ЦݣֵʤˣҲ֪ҰǣȻãȻȥ⡣ҵ˼ǣҴӸкͷжȡһЩҩģŷҰǵĹϵǳãҩ񵤣ΪҵĽ춨
ʤ˿Цԭˣ˵ҵδ٣ҵǸоı⺢ϡ̶ʱʹʦԲͻƵ磬˵Ұǳأ
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ʤȥų貵âֻҪڶ൤ҩܣҪ˶þͻΪƳǵĵһ壡


831 Ʒ
ҰƬ̾ͷصɽƬɽ֮С
ʦ̫ˣһݵŷҰ
ҰȻһЦŬаɣһ죬Ҳܴﵽڵľ硣
罿ЦʦⱲܹﵽڵľ磬Ҿˡ
ҰȻʧЦҡҡͷжжĿҪųԶ̩ܵҲʲôȻǧ磬ǧ֮ȥһ񲻰һ⣿
𶯣˸һĨ貵ĹâҰԼĵס
Ŀ龳磬ҰĿȴǧ磬˼뷢˷츲صת䡣
֮У󲿷˶ֻ츳ԣҰͽܣֻԵ֡
ҰһΪָһЩиעķ棬ȥ
ҰԼǷص˶֮Уõָ˳ֳһʶ뵽ָ֮С
Щָ֮еǲûʲôҰ۵ĶõҲһʣµľЩھˡ
Ұȡڤ淭ڣ淭֮£ڻһŽɫҺ塣
Ұ쵶ŽɫҺٴ뵽쵶֮С
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Ұֽħеõļ뵽쵶֮У쵶渡ֳ½ɣӳһسϡ
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֮󣬷Ұˢһ˫ۣ˫ĿľֶһѲĸоƺ֮Ƶġ
ҰΪٴξ̤࣬뵽ڣֻʼջôһ˿
ҰǿȻȻ˹
ҰӶԶԶͼںͰɽ̶Ա߶
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δΪѾͻƵڴԲ磬϶һֵָʣ̫ˡ
ʥָ㣬Ϊܹͻ֮죬Ҳ֮С
⻹ǽҰ̻壬ѹʵԵʣĻͻƵ𾳽ˡ
ǶڱչأϢǳŨǶ˷κʱ䣬úÿһʱȥ
ʦˣǲͻˣҡŷҰĸ첲绨
Уֹеļ岻ϵϴƣҲԽԽƯˡ
ҰϹŵЦݣôװΪֻǾͻƣһЩ
˵ͷȻʲôһҰǸϵƳУݸҰʦҵ洫ϢˣҶڱչأϢ棬Щʦæġ
Ұӹƣֳһʶ뵽֮У㿴ʤµڶϢ
ϣҴӸռһЩҩģ֪Ͽʱæһ£
ǷˣռҩĶڻ˲ˣϿʱƣ
ϳΪǷ
ϡ

ʤµڶϢҰ¶һ˿Цݡ
ڲƳжԸҶҵЩһҵǳ٣ȻҪԼһЩҩǷҰæ
Ұ¶һ˿΢ЦǰƳһˣ˵
ҰԸȻǳĸˣϽϲˮТҰ
ҰٴοУУеĶطָ㡣
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Ұָ㣬ɱȰ˵ָҪߵ̫ˣÿһζһѪһඥĸܡ
ʦҪչȥͻƣһ仰ʹҴҷصԼڵУ뵽ε֮С
Ұǹһ˿Цݣ˵ֻҪ·ȡòĳɾ͡
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ȻʤɲȥѯʷҰܣ΢ЩĴ˴֣ЩݵĵϣƵҩ顭
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832 
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ңзҰǸŵаȡõһ
ټϷҰǵô񵤣ҳΪƳǵһǳ飡


833 
չ󣬲ƳĹ㳡ϣʢڶ
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˶ԵͷҰĻμġ
Ұٴζһ飬ǼҪõĵҩ뿪ɽȣĽ걮Ϣķ˹ȥ


834 Ľ걮
Ľ걮̩Ǳ̩Ľɳ̩߼һؾ
Ľ걮ڵѾ޷֤̩ԪߵʿҲĽ걮״˶á
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ʣµһԵɢҵö࣬ЩСԪϻɢޣһκһҪ࣬ԶԶ޷ȡ
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Ľ걮ȫǳӣ˭ܹл࣬˭ĵ̾ͻ񣬴֮˶ʦ
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Ľ걮ϵĽƴ̺꣬ĴȻҰҲûſһӾ͸ֻ΢˽һЩٶá
Ľ걮ϵĽƸޱȣԷҰϵ裬ֻܳеһǡ
ǣЩƵĲַ÷ҰһֶĿһµĸо󷨵̡
ҰרĸĽ걮ϵķģĶࡣ


835 һնɱ
Ľ걮̺żǿĽƣҰĽ걮Ľ֮ϵԽԽ̣طһඥĸо
ŻܣҰϵԽԽߣ̶̼ʱ䣬Ѿﵽһʦĵز
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һն˹һƷӵΪѾﵽԲĲΣеǱҲǸ
ȻˣϽ뿪ϾҪΪǷ֮ˣ

ڶ鶼˽ҰĿг𾪣ͬʱЩϧ
䣡Сӣ㾹ȻҶ¶֣Ҫɱ㣡䱨𣡡һŭԶһɫӰ˲ϢŹ֮׺ݵĳŷҰɱ˹
Ұ˵̸۵ʱ򣬾֪Ҫ⣬û뵽ǹʦҲ
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Ľ걮Ϸķ֯һĽ걮СͬŻ֪ͨĿռ䣬͸һɹϲɣ¸С
Ľ걮ˡ


836 Ľ걮
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ϲڶĿⶼӷҰ͹ϻĽ걮棬һĿж͸ҵĹ󣬺ôࡣ
콣ŵˣߣ콣ŴӵǸƱ˵꣬һӣ¸ֳһɽû뵽Ľ걮Ż֮С
󷽣콣ŵڶ飬½ΪһŴ˵ĽŲʧĽ걮档
콣ŵЩһӼҵˣҲˣ߰ɣȻöᱻЩһˡϼһλߺǺһЦϼڶ飬뵽Ľ걮֮С
˵ȽΣմ󣬵Ƚ˵ȷܹȻҲ˺ߣɵĴͷǸʿɵ˺ǺһЦĽ걮ȥ
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ҰͷĪӰɵڶ棬û뵽Ľ걮С
ɢ֮Уɷǵߡ˿ٵŮӺͿĴʦȫ֮ƵʧĽ걮ڡ
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˭˭һأҰǹճһĨЦڹвûϡ
ҪӲƴҰҲû˿ʤ㣡
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мɢеʦҲٽĽ걮С
ȵڶʦȫ֮ʣµҲ಻סˣһӰӳѹѹĽ걮˹ȥ

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ʦǿߣĽ걮ҲǾ԰ȫģкܴܻ䡣
ƳǼڵͶ̫ˣ׳־ĥ𣬿ɲ̤Ľ걮С
ոտĽ걮Ұ͸ӦĽ걮ϵŻ͸һɺ嫵˺ƺСͬʱԼϣҰ׸
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Ұ΢һӦظӦӢڣߵΪڣŮһŮڣһŮڡ
ΧһƬã嫵ɽ֣һصһֹϲɣϢʶ޷ų̫Զ޷Զ
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ҪڰзУҲǲԣֻǶļ
Ľ걮еĴ漴ֵܹͣһҲǸԵ֡λѣ֪γƺǸ΢ֵԶԶŷҰкϹֺǺǵЦݡ
ո߿ۼ˷ҰһնɱһĻҰӲһûˣڷҰսǳأⷬ˵ĵǷǳ
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ҰҲеõһЩЦŻӦǷҰʵγƺ
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Ұüë΢ֻ֪Ľ걮̩ؾȴ֪Ľ걮ء
ХոսĽ걮漴ֲһصĸЩһ󷨣еǻе󷨣еǿռ󷨣ÿжһһΣաֻҪҪҵţһ𣬴󲿷鶼Դ
Ұ΢ѯʵһʲôôڶص
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Хº룬Цһ֮󣬾ͻĽ걮һ㣬ҲĽ硣Ľֲҩġ󡢱űȶܹõ٣ȫ˻ԵڵڶصڣĽߵɽĽɽ֮ϡ
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ҰԵ˵ͷֵأ
ХЦǺǵĵؾĽزҪپΪؾǾ۱̨
Ұüë΢۱ֹ̨һ˵ˣ˵󲿷ּƷﶼǴġ
Ҫ۱̨Ҫپ󷨣Ϊ۱̨ǸΣ֮
ʦھ۱̨ϣкܴܻ䣡
Ұõڤ棬ȥǾ۱̨ԣܷȡһЩԼõı
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Ҽ룡ҽΣϣλһִءŮӳŷҰͳХЦЦϽ˵˳
֮УΪͣڵһصΣҲȻһ
ûˣҽгٷ硣Ӣż˵ȻЦЦƷ⣬û
Ů΢һĵǾһɣҵƣϣλܹһұضλ
Ƶ÷Ұ˶еЩ⣬֮һģû뵽Ƶ˲ûзֵһ
Ұ΢΢üͷŮӿ˵չ˵Ļ̬ȴ䵭ָ߸ϵ̬ȣ÷ҰЩϲ
ȻҪһŶӣֲȥȥʹˣ֮ˣ˲
ֻǣƵҲû˵ʲô̫ĻҰҲһʶ
ҰĿһһɨȻҶˣϣڴȥһ֮ǰҿЯֹϣλֵ֮ò졣ڣҶ˵˵ǵĴʲôɣ
ҰĽ걮սǶһҰлǷǳŵģҵƣҲ涥ײҰ
УҰǸӣŹ棬ͽһˣʲôɲģ
Х˵ĿⶼĴٴţӢٷҶԣֻܿƬ綼һЩټ٣ĴУҾ޷ˡ
Х¶һ˿ɣɫصĵ˽ģӦһʵĻþ֮УþĶƻã˭Ҳֲ٣ǸΪֵĻ󡣡
ҰԵ˵ͷĽ걮רǱо󷨵ҲﵽһʦĵزĶХͳٷࡣ
ҰĿĴһüеĻҡҷӳ˿˿ƵĻоԼ󷨵ĸӦһЩѡһ򣬵Ҷ󷨵⣬ӦǸ򡣡
˳ŷҰָķȥ˾ͼǰ治ԶһƬԨףɭ谵һ϶¶˿˿ŵɫ
˶ٻЩ˼ɣƵɫȴӹһ˿õɫ䵭ĵ̫˰ɣǰһԨôڣҿＫпܾţ
ҰɫƽǰУĵټ٣˭֪ĸģĸǼٵģң͸ңҲ˵
Ұ˵ķӦԼӦ˹ȥ
Хһۣü΢ߵǻڴţԨλãôڣ
Хָһü㲻ڣǸоָķ򣬼пǶԵģҾ


838 ̬ת
ХڷҰ˫Ŀķץһ죬ʱ׼
εΪͣХ綼ѡŷҰҲϽ
Ұɲ³çˣȻҰ·ˣѡŷҰ
ٷһۣٷЦЦѣҿѿɲˣȻǶǲŷһ𴳵һɡ
˵ţٷ󣬳ŷҰָķ˹ȥ
ü΢䵭ĵǾ͸һɣϣ·ûȻĻҸûꡣ
ƵĻ˵Ĳû˿Σ÷Ұ
ƵĻҰˢһת˫ĿųĹâĮĵž͹ٸаϻ㣡
ϢһͣһŭǼҰеǵϢûɵĴ˸ͻ
˿ɣټϻĻҰԻһն
Ǹӣ
ŭһȴҶײҰǿнһǻŭѹĵףĬĬظ˺档
˵ŷҰԼһأû˿ա
аԴ⣬ӵһشȥ֮һҪҵҵλͬԼһڶ
ҰʵˣҲһʶǴԨ̤˹ȥ
Ұһ߹Ӱʹʧһ˿ϢѰ
ХһۣХ΢΢üͷֽ̧еľŸǰǰ⻪ǲƼƵ¶һ档
УҰһƶ˵ǰУ˿ûлͷ˼
һԨǼٵģϷѰɣХ˵һ䣬ԨλãӰͬǰʧ
κͳٷԥƬ̣ҲԨ˹ȥǰʧ
Ƽ˶ʧԼǰݺݵҧҧŲԨȥͬʱһɽԼߡ
һƬҪǵԨﵽ龳磬ҲǸǵ³
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һǰľȻһ䣬Ƴڰеһ棬ҰЦԼҲפ㲻ǰ
üͷߵʲô
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þڷҰ˵û˿Ӱ죬ټϻİҰߵȻǷǳȫ
ڷҰĴ£һ˾ţ߹ݣ𺣣ȫоյĶȹˡ
þ֮вûʲôΣգƸоŷҰҲûʲôھһɽС·ʱ򣬹Աһ
һ˲һ˺ѵصշУǵصĳƸ˹
ŵûʧɫһʱһƣƻǧܡ

һܵһƷĶƱ÷飬ǳû˻ɫһƬ԰ףг˾ֵɫ
ҰĮɨһۣĵԼԣû˻š
ư˿ҺŷҰʩһ񣬵˸߰ͷ­ĵǰ飬ϣǰ֣
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ŷҰһ𣬾ܹӴ߳Ҳ˷ѵıʱ䣬û취ôʹ߳
Ұİ˰֣ԼҲҪ󣬴ǳ˳Ϊ֮ûʲô˵ġ
ХĿܴһǲԭٹȥʮĽɽȥڶصĻǰĽɽͿˡǲȥҲڸԻԵѾû˴ĽػҪСᱦߡ
ٷ絭ЦǿһԻԵ֪λΣ
££㷢ǳЦû
ХֺǺǵĵҲûһܱһ˵Ļ󡣷Σ
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˶ЩȣҰƵû뵽Ȼȥڶء
뵽ҰʵҲȻˣܹʦڵһأ
˵ĿϣƳһأҪĽɽϣ֪ҿɷ뷽һ
տʼʱڷҰûʲô𾴵ģһ֮ڷҰ˷츲صʶ
ȻҰҲҪĽɽҪ뷽Ұһ
зҰֿʦǿߴڣΣգҲܹиʴ
ҰԳƬ̣ĵž͸ŰɣҪΣգҲһܹչ˵õ㡣
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ҰĽɽķ˹ȥƽ档


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˴Ѿû˽򣬷Ұһ𣬼ŷɺ磬Ųԭ˹ȥ
Ŀ꣬Ľɽ
Ұ۲ƣĽ걮ܹĲ࣬Ψо۱̨ϵıܹȤŵһֵܳҩĺ񼶿أǲôں
ҰŸոշɳǧӦǰϢڶ֡
Ұ֣Ķ£ڶ˫ˢһʧڰУŶֵķ˹ȥ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Ұ˶֮ء
ԶԶأҰڼɱһˣĸڣڡ
һֻˣһԲһڣһڡһҵˣǸڵļһʤ
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ȻҵˣҰȻԹۣԶһͳڽս˫ǰ쵶Žս˫ıк˹ȥ
ﬡ
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ѣʤϲĽ˳
Ұ˵ͷüô¶ôǴˣ
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ҰˢһŤͷɨˣĮĵƵĶұ죡ȻԶ죡
Ұһɣ˵ûɵĴ˸ͻ߳ŭСӣ֣콣ţһҪɱ
ɱ
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˵ͷ­пٳʧĳ콣˹ȥȴ쵶һ𣬻ΪУ׵ɢ
ʦܣʣµ콣鶼ŭӵĽ˳һ˫ĿͨŷҰ
ɱΪʦܱ𣡡һŭ·ɽڰлһɺ磬ݺݵسŷҰϮɱ˹ȥ
Ұһ֣û˿ͣĬߣٶȿ쵽£ǵɽֵԱߡ
Ѥõĵһһͷ­˹ȥͷ­ϻδɢȥŭɫԼһ˿ոշľ֡
˵궼ûӳͱҰĵâ飬ɱ졣
Ұɱ⼤Ʋ㶼ھҷѣ˫ĿĮɣǲκθƵġ
Ұһһնˣʣµȫסˣһĵ׶һ֪Լǵ˲ǵˡ
иڵļһﰵ˿ҺֵŷҰزĵ㣬ɱ콣ŵˣӵĺǣ콣ҲŹ㣡
ҰǹճһĨЦݣ򵥣ֻҪȫնɱȻ֪С
Ǹڵļһæ˵ᣬᣬֻҪŹǣ콣ſԼ̡
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ʲôҰɱķҰ˾ҰĿг˾֡
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ʦҰɵնͽܣǼҪɱ˷ҰҰŭŹ֡
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ҾǷҰˣҰһ쵶ųһĨѤõĵâ̺һһǰİǰĸȫڡ
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ѭŷҰϢ׷˸ǡüҰնɱһĻ̲סһ
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ʤҵӭŷҰллԮ֮
ЩС£ҳݡΣգλûǲҪҴҰİ˰֣ʤ˶һ䡣
λԲǵ֮ʱսɽո콣ʱǣס콣ŵĴ󲿷ֹʤǸҵѡ
ɽֵݸҰһöָѣ콣ŵ֮Ի֣ΪǷƷȡʱǡñǷˡƷöָˣǵǷȣƷԵڷѵġ
ԭֻƷȻǵõģǾŰɣҪҲáҰںİ˰֣ƷҰ濴ϡ
ҵһۣϸԸֳһ˿Цɫ
УƷ콣ŵͻڷҰȴһĲֵǶоܲ졣
ܿҰɲǹ飬ûнƷС
񣬾ǲһ
жĸֳһͷ
ҲҶһָĿɿڴҲ̫˰ɣƷƶһۣ̩ʲôʱôţˣ
ԼСģ׼ǰĽɽʹ˸ǰɡҰʤ˸һȳĽɽڵķ˹ȥ
ٴ׷ŷҰķɺȥδƽ
ѣѾǲͬһˣ߰ɡɽŷҰʧӰ̾Ϣһˣ뿪˴˴


840 ɽ
ǰζ콣ŵ˳֣Щ³çˡ;УŷҰѡ
ҰȻһЦ콣ŵˣ̫˵Ҫҵֻǵ
һ̩ÿһӵŷǳĵ̡콣ŵЩ鶼УմȾǵϢ콣ŵ˽ĻǶӦöܹҪСˡ
Ұ˵ͷԾ
콣иʦӣһһʦԼھǶ֣ҪСһЩΪá
Ұһ·ۣҲ·ѰǰıֻǶûͣĽɽڵķѸȥ
ĽɽԼɣƲ㶼֪ɽ·ȥ޷Ľɽɽ
ĽɽԲǧ֮ڣһַǳǿҵĽ޷ĽɽУֻܲǰĽɽ
ɽĽɽ˲Ĳһָɽֹĸоƺǰһ޷Խĸ߷壬ԿԽûɵĸоԼС
ҰĽɽµʱѾ˲ʿ
Ľ걮еĵڶأĽɽϡ
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СҾ֪ĽɽҰոսĽɽǧǱԹ
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Ұħ壬ÿһëж̺һħΧѹ첻κӰ졣
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Ұףûж˵ʲô
֮˻۵أҰǽĿתƵܡ
ĽɽϣоŵѶϵС·ʯ̨̾ͣݡ
ÿ̤ϽݣǰƾʧҲӦ֪ȥ˺η
һ̤ͬһݵģͻͬʱʧǰ
ҰһһǰʧҲ̤ͣϽݡ
һӣҰͳһµС
һƬе磬ǷĵУѻһɽ͸űɱƺԽնѿ
ಡ
Χĵжǻһ㣬һ⣬ŷҰҪҰնɱ
ֵУ̺һ֮ͨˣҲ޷̫á
Ұħ壬ȶЩȻûκӰ죬նϣҲӡ¡
ҰΧһвܲʣŵɽϽеһͨǰУڶ൶Լ϶ݣֻܻ·޷ƿķ
˹һصʱһǶһ·ɱȥЩн
ҰֱӲȥģǾ޽еĴڡ
Ұٶȼ죬Ƭ̣ʹӵɽд˳ϵ·óһ鲼Ұһ𣬸˿
Ұܹ⻪һһɫ˳Լĵǲõˡ
̤ɽҰ͸ܵһȵϢ
ڷҰǰһƬɫȼ棬ŭηɫ
֮ϣһľƵļţ޾ңԶǰͷںδ
ҪһأֻܴӶľ
еֻ棬ƺֱϣȼ꣬˿ֻѾﵽĵزһҲ޷̫á
Ȼֻһ˵Ұɲһ顣
Ұ쳣ħ壬ֻ棬ڷҰ˵Ӱ첢
ΪҰڤ氵ԼƤһ㱣֣ʱǹȵĸо
Ұ΢΢һЦǸľţŻ˹ȥ
֪˶ãҰоһᣬѾӻ˳һʱԼڤ档
ڤ棬һֵƣھ۱̨ٶóɲǰ¶
˵ɽ𺣣ҰҲǴ˵ڶأǰһƻֺĴ
̻Իͣ͸һŨϢҪգΪڻԶš
ĽҰŴ
Ұȥͼпһֻо֪ͨͨԶ֪ÿͨʲô
Ұѡһͨ룬ȻһҰվס
Ұ΢΢üͷǹ
·߽Щ𿾵ƵģոҲ˵ɽ𺣣
Ǹʦھɽ𺣵ʱȴ˷Ұ棬ǵɽҲЩС鷳
һƣݺݵŷҰѹ˹ҪҰѹ
Ұһûж쵶ƳȭݺݵŹ˹ȥ
ЦЦȭͷųһڵĹʣѹնһХ֮ǿƵĺҰ
䣡
һƵеһƣҰסΣǹһδˡ
ǣҰûܵ˿ƣ
˫Ŀ¶һ˿𾪵ɫû뵽ҰȻ˿Һǿôһ˿
ҰѾܹƷˣ
ҰһѹڷڵѪһĨս⣬ȻҪսǾսѣ


841 ǿƱ
Ұ빴ţû˿Ԩsսϯ
ոյӲӲҰûнħȫͷųȻԹ޷ˡ
Сӣ㲻ʲôĽ죬ļգһ˫һգһԺɫ񹳳Уڴڶʵӳ£˸űĹâ
Ұ죬һգԵ쵶У˸ѤõĹʣ͸һļµķâƺӵԼƵģѹء
ҰĿƽŹǹһĨζЦݣȻôھݼˣͷھͿԿͷҲġ
Ƕŵʱʦˣ˭Ҳûвֵ˼ѡһͨ첽뵽档
ڶأͿĽѰֻҪܹ򿪱ĽƣҵٱﶼԼġ
˭ܹռȻܹøı
ʱĽҲӲȱѪֻҰ͹ģδͿսģǲ
ܹڶصˣȫǿеǿߣǶڱǰĽ˭ҲַҰ͹顣
շģҲٸˣɣŭһ˫еһԺɫлĻȣݺݵسŷҰɱ˹ȥ
Ұڷ裬˫Ŀսе쵶ųһĨѤô۵ĹâõնԺɫ档
䣡
һ̶ĺ쵶ͺɫײλãһ𻨣񱩵ϯҰ˻ġ
ηҰħȫͷ˳ÿһëжħ֮ƺǧħڷҰݷ͸ƾ춯ء
潻棬Ұ벽δˣ
ǽֵʱżԲǿߴӵɽд˳һЩǱ·иˣͷսˡ
Щ˼Ұ͹ֵһٶЩȣ¶ֻɫûǣȫѡ˸ͨС
һǿ߶뵽Ľ棬Ҳʼżˣɱ⼤ɭȻСӣΪĲ࣬һһ磡ʦԶȵģɣ̫У
ŹĻ£˫ֵĺɫµĹ켣תǰһ̫ͼ͸һĸо
̫ͼȫǹУƺƶŴĹ켣ת˲䴩գڷҰǰŷҰͷ­ɱ˹ȥ
£ҰзһĮִ̧һƬ⣬̺һ˿ʱ̫֮ƬʱնŤٶţ
ﬣ
Ұе쵶ˢһ»ưգǿƵն̫棬һö졣
̫ػ˲߽⣬ٴɱǶԺɫ񹳣⻪ЩȻûڸոǴײ⵽ش
ʱ֮˫ͫȻСŵľ
ʦ޷ʱ֮ҰȻˣȻһ˿Ҳ𵽷츲صá
ڿ˵ҪɱңҽҪôɱңҰͷڷ쵶ųһâ˲ڹǰ쵶ŹԴкȥ
һԺɫ񹳣ٴ·ҰԾһ
ֻǣҰԽսԽ£һ̺֮ƼֱԿٵأһҲҰʮɲסΡ
ҿĽ㹻ƸǣȻĻǿ߶սͽĽˡ
¶һĨ𾪵ɫ˫΢УȻСӣΣҲɱ㣬㽫ʱ֮ķŴڸң
Ұ·ʲôЦƵģʧЦûɣ㲻ɱңʲôʸɱңѧҵطǳΣ
ƲԳԷƣҾɱ㣬ѻ꣡߳ŭϵƶȻθߣɱⷭһ֧С
֧쳯ŰȻ֧Ϳû뵽֮Уһɻɬ
һԺɫҲ뵽У񹳱˴˹֯һµͼе֧Ӧ
ٴδһӵ־ǰĺɫ֧컯ΪһƬεҰĿռѹ
ΪķţҲģһ˿ռȻ޷Ŀռ֮ȣҲ̺ŷǳǿ
ԹʱΪ𣬿ռΪҵҪӵеʱ֮ӵеĿռ֮ĸĻбɭȻƬŷҰѹ
Ҳǿռ֮Цˣʶʶʲôǿռ֮ҰŪЦЦִ̧һƬɵĹʣƺ޾ǳϵһ𣬽ǧǳ֮ΪһƬ˲ڹϡ
ǻΪΣ
ߴԴĴ񼼣ɶǵڻӵرԴһ񼼿ȵģ
ΪһΪϵ˲Ҳһε𾪡
ڻΪε£뵽֮Ƶģλ
ɱңҾҰһ쵶ųһѤõĲɫâԾĳŹͷ­նȥ
ȫȻըΪһѪӻΪ֮ǿ˳һѪɫ⣬Ľһͨ˹ȥ
ϾǸʦҰĻΪȻǿط֮£Ϊ޷ס
շģȻͬʱʱ֮Ϳռ֮ҵţȥģӵеطΪҵģŭͷҲصʧͨ
ҲףҪĽնɱҰǼǲܵˡ
ȻƿһЩƣȡֱ
һҵʲôıҪԸҰǾ׵öˡ
ڴʱĹ˵ҰļֵĽļֵҪߡ
ֻҪʱ֮Ϳռ̩ܹ֮ߣ
Ұһóһȥ
ʦ棬Ϊ̫ˣܹ߹񣬷ҰѾˡ
ҰҲףڵʵҪնɱ񣬻ǲ˵㡣
ҰΪҲﵽ۷壬Բֻһš
ͻ֮ʱǹ֮ʱ
ȻǹƵ̫ҰǰҪ֪ҰıԪδã
˹񣬷Ұ˿
Ұﻹڰңҿ콣ŵ˴ɽ𺣵ʱ̣ͽ뵽ĽȻĻҰնɱ콣ǼһմȾǵϢ콣ŵ˲ҲǸС鷳
ʦһԼ֣ҰҲֻ·ˡ
ӵ˼ҰĵΪҲָѡһͨ˽ȥ


842 
Ұ뵽Ľ֮ͨУ֮ͨв˽ƣ͸»ɬϢ
ֲͨ࣬һʯţʯŶѾ˺飬ĶҲѱȡߡ
Ұͨ߹ͨžŸʯţһĶ˺ˣκζδ¡
Ұһѡ˸ͨȻȫ˴ˣҲ̫ˡ
ҰȻˡ
Ľ걮޾£ÿ꿪һΣҲˣЩΧĶûʣ¶١
ȵҰͨ߳ǰǾͨ÷Ұĸ⡣
ҰѡһͨУͨͬԷžŸʯţ󲿷ֶ˴ˣֻʣһʯŻδ˴򿪡
ŻϿ̻ŹµĴ͸һɹ޵ϢסʯűϢ
Ұ󷨵ҲﵽһʦĵزʯſһܿȷǸػ󷨣һǺƿġ
Ұûжƽ⣬ڵÿһëжħ֮ħȫͷ˳Ƴȭݺݵسǰʯź˹ȥ
䣡
һƵʯϵĽ˸˼£˲ɢӰ٣ʯҲڷҰб
ҪǷҰΪ㹻ǿǻڵļһҪƿƣɲһʱܹġ
ڷҰǰһɸ̨̨澲һɵĿʯԼͷС͸һɵ⻪תƺŻһ㡣
ԭڽ
Ұϳ񼶲ϵһֶģԭڽ
ǷҰ򿪵ĵһ䣬Ѿжֵȼı֣÷Ұеıڴ
ͨΨһһ䣬Ұûͣͨп뿪
߳ͨҰǰȻٴγ־Ÿͨ
Ұ߹ͨÿͨǶʮ˸䣬ÿͨоŸͨˣҰ޷﾿жٸ䣡
ѹֹȥ޾£Ľ걮ӵڶ౦
Ұ֮ͨУͬʮ˸䣬󲿷ʯŶѾ˺飬ʯɽա
Ұ⼸ʯȫ飬ĶȡжģһƷжƷ񵤣ȫҰ
Ұ֣ͨеĽƣȸոͨеĽҪǿһЩңЩʯźı϶ǰͨеıҪǿһЩ
Ұаи²⣬Խǰ棬Խ
Ľ걮ʱޣһ㶼£ȻĽ걮ƾͻὥָȥͻᱻĽ걮С
Ľ걮Ľƻָ֮治κλлͻᱻĽ걮Ľնɱ
ʱޣҰǰЩʯţź󷽳˹ȥ
߳ͨڷҰǰһģһľͨ
Ұ࣬治֪Ľ걮ǺȻ˴ֱʣ治֪Ŷٱ
Ұͨʱ򣬾ͼͨѾһ飬ǸڵŮӣȫһʯţҪƿǸʯŵĽơ
ҰǸŮӵ϶ʱӿһĨɫ񶼷˷Ұϣһʱ֮䲻ټŹʯˡ
ҰûǸŮӣĿͨɨһȦͼͨҲвʯű˺俪ˣ󲿷ֶ
ҰѡһʯţȭͷųâǿưԾһȭ俪ԱǸŮĿࡣ
Ұ뷿䣬ͼİɸ̨ϳһɵıǳƣϵ壺ơ
ƽȻһƷ
ƽһŮ彣ҰȻòȻԺǿ͸ͽʹá
Ұƽӷֺ߳俪ԱߵһʯţҵһҩģҰ
Ұ˱뺷ʵǸŮŵΨǵҰ
ҰҲûмͨеʯţתͨ˳ȥһ֮ͨС
ĽУǰĽСıҲԽϲĽߣıҲá
Ľ걮ʱޣҰ֪Ľжͨÿͨжƿʯſĺö
Ұ뵽ͨƿŻǰʹõķ뷽ҰĲ࣬ƿһʯſʲôȻͽһ֮ͨˡ
˵ͨʱ򣬷ҰҪƿŻϵĽƾûôˣҪԼƽ⣬ٶ
ȻԽ棬ҲԽ
Ұһ·õһ󣬵õƷõֶƷ󣬵õŶƷ񵤣õҩȵȣνǴա
Ұͨ뵽˵ھ֮ͨС
һָоͨӦþĽһͨˡ


843 ۱̨
ڵھͨУʮ˸ʯȫţûκʯű򿪡
ҰѡһʯţԼ󷨵⣬֮ͻȻ֣ʯϴȭʯǿƺ顣
ڷҰǰ澲زһӲӵսꪣ͸һϰ
ɫսͬǶƷֻȴһĶƷҪǿһЩҪΪƷˣҲһɶõ
Ұ˳ֽɫսʣµʮ߸ʯţҡҡͷûٴʯţٸ˹ȥ
ھ֮ͨеĽ̫ǿҰҪƿκһʯŵĽƣҲҪܳʱС
ȻھͨȻֻǶƷҰ濴ϣûҪ˷̫ʱȥƿʯš
ڵھͨеı˵ҰںǾ۱̨еı
Ľ걮ϸǳž۱̨ȥģǰ浢̫ʱ䣬ͺھ۱̨Ҫõ
Ұܿ͵˵ھͨոմӵھͨ߳͸ӦһԿĿռ֮˺סԼҪԼ뵽֮С
Ұһͼеĳ뵳һȵԼڣǹɿռ֮
ǷҰõǿʯƬ
ҰĿ¶һ˿ȻɫʯƬϾʾһϢ˵ǽ۱̨ʮöԿ֮һڿô¡
ûʯƬҰովѾͳȥˣ
ЩͷڷҰԺһҰѾء
ҰĿɨܣͼԼһԲǧɵ̨ϣ̨ΧһƬ磬һƬ޿ռƵġ
Ǿ۱̨
̨ӳֳӲӵɫʱһµطģ͸һϢѹ
۱̨϶һɺ嫵Ľ֮ҪնҲǲУֻķǳ޴󣬾ʦԳܡ
ھ۱̨֮ڣ˰ɫɱ͸һȵϢ
мƬӵаɫĵطĵط
ʱľ۱̨ϣѾʮʿΪͶڣкüʦ
۱̨ɲǸƵأʦкܴ䡣Ϊ͵飬Ҳ
Ϊ̫͵Ļ۱̨еĽɱǣЩʦҲŹǡ
ӵԿףܹ۱̨
Կ׹ʮöֻ˵ÿһĽ걮ܹ۱̨ҲûдﵽʮŸˣΪвٵԿ׶档
һ£뵽۱̨ģҲֻʮˡ
Ұոս룬û
۱̨ϵʿȻǸոãһˣ˭Ҳûȳȡ
ҰڴˣȻϴһСӣɱ콣ŵӣ
ͬװը죬˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ콣ŴӵǸꡣ
꿪ڣ˵Ŀ˷Ұϣ뿴ŭ֮콣ŵĵǺηʥ
Ұ֮һ̾һڵļһնɱ콣ŵӣ콣ŵλʦˣƺѾ˷ҰѪĻ档
Ҳ뵽˷ҰĽ걮Ӳ¹һһĻֻǽһǲΪҰʦʸ
Ұüë΢˵Լ콣ŵˣᱻ콣ŵ˸ӦԼɱǵͬţȻˡ
Ұ콣ŵʦҰҲû̫£һս
Ұڵʵһʦ棡
콣ŵҪɱңȫɱˣϻͲö˵ˣҪͳְɡҰһգԵ쵶У͸һս⣬Ѿս׼
ʱǹ񻹲ûе콣ŵʦҰЩյġ
Ұⷬõþ۱̨ϵ˶𾪣Ƕ֪콣ΪȻֶҰɵˣǶڷҰʵ˸һʶ
ֻǣҰŵ콣ŵλʦȻΪҰһ˿֮棬ǶоҰ
콣ŵǸϳŭ⣬ų⣬ŭСӣɣҽ糾вɱ֮
ҰҰı
ţʲôɣ˶΢΢üͷĿгɻɫ
ţǻû˵
糾Ҳ΢£ߵţû˵ֻһڵȻҲʲôɣȻɱ콣ŵˣҲҪɱ㣬Ҫţ
˻˵ǾͿûˣҰĻɿ콣ŵʦҲȻ壡


844 Ծʦ
ÿСӣն㷽Ұţ糾һָһӣһâָгŷҰɱ˹ȥ
Ұе쵶һԽХ֮ӭâնȥ
¡¡
һĺ쵶ͽâ֮һ۵Ĺâ񱩵ϯҰ˻ġ
糾âҰһն飡
Ұֳ쵶ȻĿŶĽ糾ĵ糾ֻµĻҾն㽣糾콣ţ
Ұ仰ڶ鶼һַǳϤĸоתһ룬ⲻǸոս糾˵Щ
콣̩ǳˣδ˸ҳҪ콣ţⷽҰţ˶е𾪡
ֻǣûκŷҰʵǶоҰˡ
۽Σ֮ձ㿪ʼ̩ǵĸ߲д˿
糾ŭɫȻһɢϢɫͷ͸һɭɱշģֻ̽һ£һҲʲôʶʶ콣ŵ
糾Ļδ䣬ͷǱɫϵķĿʼ˸󻯳͸ԾɱѸŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ԶԶȥɫǧڹɱһ㣬ɱ졣
򽣹ڣ糾쳹жһֽڣ
Χ۵ڶ鶼ɵʶ糾óһУһǳɵ
£ҰĮ³ִ̧֣һƬɵĹ⻪һʱ֮ת͸һصĵϣǱɫ񽣺ǧӰڡ
ɫ񽣺ǧӰٶ˲û뵽֮УȻǰȴȫޡ
ʱ֮ɵλȻʧ˳
仰һڣ۱̨˵Ŀⶼû
Թռʱ
ܹʱ֮һ˿Ҳͬ޵У
ѹַҰ׸ɵ콣ŵλ飬ѹַҰӭսʦԭʱ֮
ǻ֪²ŽǷҰյڶеһ֣֪Ұϻ񼼴ڣ¶ὫעӾ۱̨תƵҰϣ
糾ĿҲ𾪣Ҳû뵽ҰȻһ˿ʱ֮
ﬣ
ſסɫ񽣵ʱ򣬷Ұе쵶Ȼʣݺݵնɫ棬һöɫһ˳ȥ
糾̩֮һ콣ţõ񽣾һƷ쵶֮£ǲûܵʲô𻵣ɹ⻪䡣
ڣˣҰ΢΢ζȻʧԭأ˲ڽ糾ǰе쵶ųһѤôĿâײаԾŽ糾նȥ
糾϶һ˿صɫ˲йɫ񽣣һɫ⣬ŷҰ쵶ӭս˹ȥ
䣡
һ޴ĺҰе쵶뽣糾ɫ񽣿ٷֿ
˱˴˶ţһν֣˭Ҳûռ˿ˡ
ףְʱһ٬ھ۱̨ϣһӰ˳
Ұİǹ
Ŀھ۱̨ɨһȦھ۱̨Ϸ˸˽⣬¶һ˿ЦŷҰ˵շģȻֵ콣ŵѣ㻹ܱQ۱̨֮أ
Ұֳ쵶Ʋɽƽĵ־ͳְɣӦ֪ҵʵҲһ֡
ڶ鶼üëҰⷬ˵Ŀ湻ģڵΪսʦ̩Ҳһˡ
˶֪ҰǸ˵ɵˡ
ųһɱȻ뵥ɵҰȻѻõҰϵЩطǴʱ˿̣Ұ̫ˣ뵱ڸɵҰ
ɱˣҵǿԸᣬ糾ȻŹ񿪿ڡ
糾Ǵ콣ǰı۱̨еıոոҰĶսףڶʱڣûлɵҰ
ʱϵ̫õĻ۱̨еıԵˣųԣҪˮ
˸˼£ҡҡͷЦ糾żֳɱˣڻ֡취ȡȵ˼±ϣұضȡݣ
еǷҰϵЩط򲻵ѵĵز治뵱ڶԸҰýҰϵܶ¶Ƥӵ¡


845 
ɵ국ȻһЦԲĪﳤϵĺѣϣλҸ棬Ľ걮оͲҪˡʲôԹȳĽ걮˵
Ұ깰˹֣ݲȵĵлǰԮ
Ҳ˽糾͹񶼲ԷҰ֣վʱǡãȿý糾͹¿ֿ÷ҰԼĻмνһá
ҰףҲδ˵ƣô˵ڰԼ˵ҰȻȥ̨
Цһûж˵ʲô
糾ɱ˸ŷҰܿѹȥߵҰڳķϣһȵ۱̨ұػȡ
ҰЦЦȻ糾Ϊ콣ΪܹΪΪˡҪǼңҲ콣ţ
ҰԼΪƷݽ¶㽣糾콣һҰҲа콣˽ǡ
ҰܹƳƷƾǿ鵽ʦͻƼʣֵҩļֵ̩ϵʿۺ졣
ֻҪֵҩŵȥ콣ţҲܹ콣˽ǡ
ֻǣԼΪδﵽʦ֮ǰҰʱ뱩¶ԼƷݣñĳץȥ
ҰĻ糾ɱŽһǿŭ𣬻Ǵȴ۱̨ҷҰˡ
ڶȻΪҰڴţҲûзϡ糾͹ǿѹŭǴʱǲᶯˣһĿھ۱̨롣
ʱƣ۱̨ϻ۵Ѿﵽʮˣ콣šɺϼ嶼ֽԲǿߡ
۱̨ϵʿռһС롣
콣ŵǼһﶼɫƵĴӷҰɨҲûг֣ɺϼһԻǿɲڷҰ˷̫Ϊ
ɵĳķ糯ܹ˹֣ЦظλĽ걮ţĽ걮˵ǵĽĽȥռڶ౦ﶼĽ걮Сĺö˾۱̨ڡ۱̨֮ŷصĻƴڣʦ޷̤ǸжУΨнϵͨ߱ϵſ
˵ķ΢ͣ£ּ۱̨بĹأÿֻȡһֻҪ֣ͻᱻֱӴ͵ĽСλʲôֶΣʩչˡ
Ұ΢ѹʢ˥
ÿĽ걮ǽҪ࣬ҪǾ۱̨гʲôᵽֵĻҲ˸
ңֻҪ۱̨֮ڣÿ˶ܹһֵܹõıҲ࣬ǻ۵ĵԽԽ
˿Ҫҡ콣ŵĸ治һ׵顣
۱̨ϵڶ鶼ˣһʱ֮䵹Ҳûȳ֡
Ȼû˸ҳԣҾԣһɽĴ󺺴߳ɢеǼʦ֮еһ
ϼߺǺЦɽͣ벻ξȻͷϣջ񡣡
׳˶İ˰֣ݷ磬̫࣬ҿøϹţȡ˱Ҿˡ
ݷ絹Ҳ⣬ϹЦеЦݣĿ⼯ڿɽϡ
ɽ۱̨֮ʱɫҲ˫Ƥϸֳһ˪ףɢĵâ
ţɽּ̧һɫӣԼڡ
ЩɽͲС̤뵽˾۱̨ɵķΧ֮С
ҰķǱɫӣȻһԵĶ
Ϊܹ̤۱̨ɣɽͿνѪˡ
ɽһʦԾ۱̨ʱɲ˿⣬ҰӸо۱̨Ŀ¡
ɽ͸ո̤ȥ۱̨жȻһ棬ڣܵǸɫۿɼٶš
ɽһգһİԵսУݺݵŽȫΪɫľ۱̨ն˹ȥ
սȻһƷ
¡¡
һ촫۱̨ϵһƱ俪һɫзɳһɫս꣬͸һɺ嫵ѹ
һƷ
ɽɫϲһץסɫսꡣ
ɽܵıɫȫڻǲɫҲʼڡ
ڽɫս֮ʱɽ͵ӰˢһʧڰУ˳ȥ
˹ٻһƷʣµڶĿⶼûһĺü
ƷǴ˵ǰ
ɽ͵ӰոʧӲͬķž۱̨˹ȥڣһԲ
ڿ۱̨ɵʱ򣬸ʩչԼֶΣһ˼һˮľӣһ˼һɫƣΨһǸԲļһȻվڰǴǰĻɫ򹥻

ӺͺɫƵո̤뵽֮ڣǼľӺͺɫƽһ˲ͱճޡ
ǵĲҽոշͱԵĻյĻҷ
ңЩɫ滹˳ǴŶڰ֮ǸԲļһ˹ȥǸŵûæ֡
֪ǻɫϢն˲ͽڣڴ˵ĲҽУ
һĻõе鶼һЩԲǿ߶֧ŲһǶɵڵ֪ԼֶǷܹ۱̨еԵ档
ԡһɢǸ˿ٵŮҲǸʦǿߡ
ӵıľضջ㲻ҪģԿǳ۸ɣһĴۡķ糯Ů΢Ц⡣
ɫɣĮĵֻҪƾ
ķϲɵ¶һ˿Цñ׼ͻƵʦ֮ˣֻƾɿҲ࣬һ޷
Ǿ̸ˣҳ֮ʱ˸̤֮ڣҲӵҡҡͷ۱̨롣
ӱȻֳһֻСıÿٴθֳһֻ
ڿ۱̨ɵʱ򣬱ӱѾ˾ͷ͸ĺ÷ҰӦķǳ
ھͷĻУӴ̤뵽˾۱̨֮ڡ
ӿ𣬱ܵľͷػƣʱ潩֡
ӲҴ⣬ſһ˪ݺݵ·Ļնȥ
˪֮һƷ
һ𣬻Ʊһɫսꪳ
ɫսꪣͬһƷ
ü΢δɫսꪣӶб˪֮ٴγŻն¡
ٴαһһСľŲɢɵѹ
Ŀж¶ȵɫֻûκ˵̤֮ڣȻλмɵ
Ӷͬ⣬ӽն䡣
ֱһһӵĺɫ󹭸ֶ͸ѹֱ׷Ʒ
ʱ򣬱ӻľŵﶼ쳣ˣ޷֧ȥˡ
˭ǵõƷеƾһȡ񹭡̾ϢһסӴ󹭣Ӱʧھ۱̨ϡ
Ǻɫսꪺ;Ųڻз
尡ʱкü鳯ž۱̨˹ȥ
ǱѾٻҪƿơ
һͲڻ֮д̫ãֻҪһ˲䣬סܹ뿪õڶ鶼̲סۺˡ
ҰĿҲЩȣÿֻһλᣬô˷ѵ
ӵڤҰĿֵʱһЩԶѡһ
Ȼڤĸϵ̫󣬷Ұɲ뱻̫֪Լϣȴ˴ʿ뿪Ĳˣٶֶᱦ


846 
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黹δ嵽۱̨֮ڣͿʼ˴˹ϯأ͸һɹɿֲѹ
Բǿ߼ϵĺӺͰɫܣӲ˼뵽˾۱̨Բ֮ڡ
һ˲ͽԲǿڣӺͰɫ˲潫Բǿڡ

ĲҽԲǿƬ֮ͱҷ
ֳ嵽ˣи׳˶ϷһӲӵĹʣӦĳ񹦣ٳ뵽˹֮С
׳˶һץסǱɫսꪣϴƬ򶼹ˣȴЦ⣬źɫսʧڰС
Ǹ׳˶һִ̧һұӣ浽Ǳ׶⣬˲䵽ŲԱߣٵؽŲС
ߵӰӰʧ۱̨ϵǼŶһĵ˻ȥ
ǶûտԿù۱̨Ļ棬ֻ޷סֻ۱̨롣
ɽͺͱӶȡ뿪ˣ㲻𣿡ɢеǸɷǵ߳Ź񿪿ڡ
ĿĴɨڷҰ϶ͣƬ̣Ǹϣ䵭ĵȤĺܣһô뿪ţ붯ȡĻȥɡ
ҾͲˣҿΡźЦЦƮȻž۱̨н˹ȥ
ڿ۱̨ɵʱ򣬷˫ϸһɫڻ˸žӨĹʣ͸һɱϢ
£ķ羪иֳһĨȵɫ
Ұüë΢£Ҳ˵һ龳ıµĲ˿ƶɵڸ淽棬żõЧ
ֱ£ʱǡúʡ
۱̨֮ڣΧĻŷȴ׸⡣
Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ּ̧һͷȣݺݵؽһҴһɫ⻪𣬾ȻǸɵķۣ͸һɵѹ
ɫۣȻһƷ
ɫۣ콣šɺϼ˶ɵۺ
ĵ˵ͷȴûмٴλӶеͷȣٴνһƻ
ˢ
һɫ⻪ĵǾȻһ񵤣
ŵҩ˸žŵƣҩΧкȻɫΣ͸һζƺ궼õƵġ
Ʒ񵤣ϴ񵤣Ұѿڶ
Ұ⣬ڸ񵤵Զ˽⣬ŵֵ㣬ֵҩƷеϴ񵤡
ϴ񵤣ܹ˵귢ɱ䣬ܹǿһ
ϧֻȡһˡźǺһЦӹһĨϧɫֽǿϴץУӰʧھ۱̨ϡ
ŵ䲻СҲʼֿ࣬ɱ񵤣ȻѡǷۡ
οһƷķۡ
ŵӰոʧд˶ǰ˹ȥ
һƷ̩֮ҲһܹӵУֵƴһˡ
񡢳ķ硢糾ݷ磬ԼʣµһЩɢеʦԼͬĳˡ
¡¡
˲ĸ龳ǿ߱뵽˾۱̨֮ڣ𣬽˲Ϊҽ
Ҳδ˶ɫ۵飬һʩֶ뿿ҪһɫС
ҰҲЩȣֻǼּҰûǰ
ƷķȷǺˣǷҰо滹иı
ȻЩǿ߶ҪǾȥˣô˵һЩΪҲǺõġ
Ұڤ治̫籩¶ȵ۱̨ϵ鶼뿪Ĳˣֵʱ
ڣֻܵȣ
䣡
Ȼһƴĺиʦ糾˾۱̨֮ڣһɡ
Ұոռ糾ڳһѹǿ񽣣ǽ糾Լ֮ʱõǱһͽǸɢеʦ֮С
ҰаȻܹΪ̩ϵ֮һ콣еĵ̵ȷǲСԼ⽣糾Щˡ
Ǹʦܿٸֳһ˪ףֻ˲ͱһ˽ȥ
Ǹʦƴˣɫ۳˹ȥδץͱΪҽ
糾͸һʱֵס˹棬ɫһȵƣţ
콣һ˲ڰУһץסɫۣʧھ۱̨ϡ


847 ն
콣ŵȡߣ˶Щʣرɺϼˡ
ϧڷѾˣ֮Ҳÿ
糾ѸٴӾ۱̨֮гҲ
ڶԶվղŵĽ˼飬ʣµֻʮˡ
콣Żʣˣɺϼ嶼ǻʣˣ񣬷ҰԲǿߡ
Щ˴һۣ콣ŵĽ糾ĴӷҰɨĮĵ۱̨еĺöȻģһ֣Ƚ˶˰ɡ
ʣµԲǿ߶Ұûн糾вϡ
ڤҰаھ۱̨֮ڴһʱ䣬Ҳȡһ뿪
۱̨ϣʦɱҰҲô׵顣
Įɨ˽糾һۣЦ콣źôļӣҹҲҪһ𣿡
糾ɫЩȡÿ㣬Ż㣬ᱦ֮ʱᶯһЩֶΣҲûʸ֣
ߵҰ֣Ҳ֡㲻ýһҲûôӣ콣Ըңûôף
糾ϼݷŷҰЦǺǵ˵սǳңȰλǰȥȡɣȻĻ˵ǣǾͲ̫ˡ
Բǿ߱˴һۣͬķ򿿽۱̨룬ԼһǶƷϵ뵽˻֮С
˶оʩչֶκ俪ƣֱһһץУʧھ۱̨ϡ
˵Ŀⶼ˷ҰϣҰĮĵʱ֣ûܱҳ֡ҳ֣ԡ
˶΢΢£˭Ҳû뵽ҰˣȻɸéʯͷƵģֳӲ
콣иԲǿȵշģ̫ţΪǲҶ㲻ɣ
ҰƵŴˣĮĵľ͹ɣҳ֣ͷڹ꣡
ǸԲŭͷڷ˻Ϊһ⣬ֱŷҰɱ˹
飬һ糾뷽Ұֹ֪Ұʵǿ󣬾ԲһԲµĽ麬ŭ֣Ψʲôӣͺȳһ
ˣҰĮ˵һüˢһ³һƬɭĻþֱû뵽˽ü֮С
Ķ΢һ˲䣬˲伫ݣڸֹ֮Уһ˲㹻ˡ
ոջعͼһƬѤõĵâ񷣬ȻͿԼͷʬ䣬ʶ뵽õĺڰ֮С
飡糾ŭһޱȵĽ⣬ŷҰŭն
Ұ˳ֽӰ˲ʧԭأһĿŽ糾ĵ콣ţֻʣˣʸ峡𣿡
ҰĶޱȣ鶼ҰĿжٶЩɵ
๥ͨݷɫص˵˳
ԣһ˼ŷҰ
糾Ҳǿѹеŭ⣬ĿжһĨɵ콣һվһȻһ£ΨŻͨշľȻܹǰһͨ˹ʺˣһͨҪԿ𣿡
΢У˸ŻȵĹ˵Ұ϶õЩطҲпܶͨ
ڣڷҰȤȶ۱̨ȤҪˣ
Ұ΢ǵһִţ˵Щ񼼶ͨˣ
ȻЩͨרͨǿԴڸ˵ġ
ҰȻὫԼܶ¶ĮŽ糾ͱԼˣɱ콣ŵˣǸԿˣԸңʱ㣬Ϳ콣ܸܲˡ
糾ĶͷֻûڶʱڸɵҰһʱ֮䵹Ҳٳ֡
ɵĳķ絭ЦȥҲǰ취ʸҲֻܴһɵɡ
ϼݷ˵ͷЦˣȻϹɣȥһһֻȡһ˲ɲ֡ڹͷҰʲôʱȡ
ҰаЦһ˵ȡ֮ʱ˲ɲ֣Ҫǳʲô챦ЩһŲԼأ˶ɣ


848 ٳ
콣ŸոѾȡһֱҰɵһˣǴʱɲˣõԶȡ
ķݷһۣݷЦΣɵĵȡɣҵΪѹ󡣡
˵꣬ݷϼõ۱̨ϣʾɵȶȡ
Ұ͹һۣҲûп۱ֵ̨ò졣
ȻλãǾͲˣķ絭ЦһɵԲǿߣ˾۱̨򸽽
ķ޴һСıϳǰһ԰͸ĳͨ˸ĹʣźԶܹӦһ⡣
龳տϣɵ׼ݷüëϹһ˿Цݡ
ķº͵ЦЦѲĽϼ϶Ҳ׼˭֪˭
ݷЦǺǵĵϣܹջ񡣡
ķзŹֵڣֻտϱ˫Χųķвϵ³˿˿տɫķڡ
ķܲһɫףٳž۱̨֮г˽ȥʮɲּ̧ͣһ˱˪ĳǹݺݵس·Ļնȥ
䣡
һ޴һ½ʯͷ˳תǧɫʣƺǻƵġ
ʯģҰ΢һ۾ϳģһֲɶõġ
ҰǰͨʯҲõ˲ģֻǶǶģ⻹Ľ걮еһμġ
ģǼ뵽֮УлܹñɱƷ
ֻǣڴ󲿷˵ǲѡĵġ
뵽֮Уȷܹñӳ֮ǰҪﵽƷļУȻĻû취ںһ
ң뵽֮УмĵȼԴ˵ȻֱȡõƷ
ķ粢ûмŶȡʯٴɣеı˪ǹٴ·Ļƺ˹ȥ
Ұ΢΢£ķһ¾Ȼûܹƿƣ
Ż룬ƿҪԽԽŽƽʮڣķȫһ޷ƿƣ
ķȻԤϣ£ֽһƺ俪һɫ𣬾ȻǸ鶯ķ׭͸һɵѹ
Ʒݷ羪ĿǳҵĹʡ
Ұ˫ĿҲǻȣﵽƷУ֮ݣ൱쾳ʿȫһ
Ȼ൱ڵǿȫһ
죬̩϶һڣڵǿȫһҲ㹻ˡ
Ϊ֮
ķܵտϷԽԽ죬³ĺԽԽʢҲпס۱̨ĸо
ķ統ϣ˪ǹһӽڣԼҲ˳
糾ݷ綼ֽˣǿԲļһﻢӣķٵ˵ӰǶòֹס˳ֵ˼
֣Ҳûκΰܹ
ɵһλԲǿץסʧھ۱̨ϡ
ķҲӾ۱̨˳տѾήķóһƷݵտǰտľͽƷɵĸɸɾٴλָ˾
Ұǳ鴤ѣ棬ȻҪƷιҲ̫ݳˣ
ϸտһҰ΢˿տϿָ۷״̬ʵ⿿Ʒ޷ֲ
Ҫ˶ãտϾͻľ
ķɵõֱǳˣϹЦ⣬ʣµõһԣݷЦŹֵѣˡ
ݷ΢΢ףϼ˾۱̨֮⣬һгһɫľӣӡŹµ͸һɱǵĺ⡣
澵ӣͬһƷ
ԭⱦУ糾֮ɫķҲЩ⣬Ұȴû˵־ӡ
ݷ˫ӡ澵棬澵ӶȻһΪǰλݷڣݷƺǴһƵġ
ݷٳ뵽۱̨֮У۱̨ϿջƯһʯֻݷ翴ûһۣʯӹ뵽۱̨
ڽӽ۱̨ʮɵʱݷͣһɽĺ촸صس·Ļȥ
£ݷƿһƣһӵĹ⻪˳¶ǰǾȻһ飡
񹦣񹦣⼸ӳ˵һͷȡ
һ񹦣
񹦣ܹ쾳磡ң񹦣ϢԶ񹦵Ҫǿö࣡
һҪʢ˥ͱӵиĹС̩֮УҲڼϡٵĴڣ
һξͳֹݷȻϲʤҲƿĻƣֱ񴸴񹦣˻ϼһԲ޴ʧھ۱̨ϡ
ϼˣõϣÿء
ݷõ񹦣糾ͳķȻۺ죬ȴҲûðȻ֡
֮Ҳ񹦣϶ǴĽ걮еõģȻ󣬻ﲻǳĵز
ڣˣ糾һ콣½ʣǸԲǿһ˾۱̨Χ


849 ɽӶ
ﬡ
ŵ֮𣬴ӽ糾ڳȻϰ׺ɫΧŽ糾͸һĽ
űǶƷȴӵбԵĶƷһױԵĽ
ɫ񽣣벻콣žȻ˾ɫ񽣣ѵȥ𣿡ķ羪ȵ˵˳ɫ΢΢ȻԽ糾óľűƷеı񽣷ǳء
ҰӦķڵƺ׼ʱƵġ
ǳķ磬ϼλݷ磬ҲѾʱֵ׼
Ұ΢΢۾аķݷ綼֪Щʲôͱ񽣻вͬ
糾վھ۱̨Χµķϵıš
ﬣ
һһѤõĽ⸡֣糾ٴγһŲ񽣣͸ѹ˿ڱȡߵźɫ񹭣
ƷеļƷֱ׷Ʒ
ղŽ糾ɢеǸʦ䵽֮еĽ
ŵɫıͬȺǰƵĹǱŲ񽣣Ӿŵ͸һɹɱĽ⣬û뵽Ų֮С
Ų񽣵ٴǿһƬ򣬽糾ڡ
糾ˢһ³뵽˻֮УޱȣĽûеڶһʱ޷
Ȼͬķϵ糾;ĻƲܲʣֱ嵽˻롣
ڻ룬һӵ֯ƣ͸һɷĳ
糾ҲҴ⣬ű񽣿ٻ۵ǱŲ֮УɢһɺıѹݺݵسŻĻնȥ
䡭
ŲնŽǿƿһһسϢһͭɫĴ󶦴Ӿ۱̨г𣬾ڰС
ͭ͸ƾ춯أ̺һϣѹĳеѡ
񶦣һƷңƷеļƷ
ͭ󶦻תӲɣĴֳǰɽӣ
ɽӶ
˵ĿⶼûжԼͬĸֳһͷĽ걮ı
ಣಣಣ
ͬʱ˹ȥǳķ硢ݷ͹һˡ
ķзŹֵڣȻٴμһֻķϵտϣԭǸտһ³ɫԼڣȫŻɽӶ˹ȥ
ݷͬٴμһ澵ӣ澵ոնõĻһޣֻžոսӴͻΪһױ˪ףݷϣٶȲĳɽӶ
ּ̧һϢĺɫ̨Ԧźɫ̨ɽӶ˹ȥ
ĺɫ̨ͬһƷ
Щʦļҵ׶ƣӵһϢƷ÷ҰǶ˸˽⡣
ɽӶƷеļƷ̩ϾʹûֹƷǷ裡
٣ϵǻ֣ǳֵĶ̫ˣȸˣ糾ЦһץסɽӶһ㡣
ϵ鷢ˣ糾ǵûЯɽӶʧھ۱̨ϣɽӶϳһĻ棬˳Ž糾ץס˹
糾ƺһϵĻӽնԼۣ˫ĿȻɨɽӶһۣŲ񽣿·˲ӵ˻֮⡣
糾ķӦѾ嵽ɽӶ˶еЩͷƤ飬ɽӶǰǾʹȥЩʡ
һɫ񹳣סɽӶһ㣬δͼǱɫ˲䱻Ϊҽ
ǹļʱԼᱻ
ԥԦɫ̨ͷʹܣɽӶ
ķּ̧һƷĽɫոסɽӶͱǵɫĻڣƬ̵ʱ䣬ͽɫΪҽ
ƷҵĻ֮£˼
ɻ棬Ⱦ۱̨еĶҪԵ
ķŵɫﻹڻмͣѸӵ˻Χ
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ڶĿⶼڻɽӶϣÿ˵Ŀж˸ŲͬɫȡɽӶȴηɽӶеǵһ档
ҰųһĨĿĹʣɽӶʱ޵ĸӦ۱̨еĻ¶ȽһЩ
ҰаԲ²⣬۱̨еĻ棬ɽӶеĻ档
ƷܹٵĻ棬һֺ
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콣ŵԲȡ֮콣žʣԼˣҪɽӶʾ͸Сˡ
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տͬʱĲҽȻըɫѪҺķС
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ɽӶĵڤţڰзһ죬۱̨뵽˶Уû뵽˷Ұе֮С
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۱̨Ұˣ
Ӵ֮Ľ걮У޾۱̨
̩죬÷Ұ˱ˣΪյĴӮң


853 ޴ջ
Ұǰ⻪һ˳ڰУϤϢҰ¶һ˿Цݡ
ٴγĽС
һξ۱̨֮УҰջģɽӶһ۱̨еıﶼռνǴա
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ңҰĽɽˣõɽӶлһŲ֪ջˣҰҲ֪㡣
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ǣ糾ݷһӾ۱̨гģ׶ԷûȡɽӶиɻ
ĽеĴ󲿷ֱﶼĽɽУ˴ĽɽĪʧȻģҲֻܸ²ڴ˴غ˶Ľطȥˡ
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콣ŵȺУҰһˣɫ۵ĽƣԲ
Ұ˸һɱ۱̨涼ûٷκһǴﵽƷķ콣ԼǲݵĹϵҰѾǼɫΪԼ֮
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뵽Ұ˲ʧԭأͻأĳڽǰԾ쵶Žŭն£


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ҰƾټһɵɱɱмһɱŷҰ쵶ӭȥ
Ҳû뵽콣һֱҪ׷ɱķҰȻĿ֮£Լɱ֡
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֮еعǿ̫ˣѹʿĴҰ·ٶܹﵽһʱɴʮóߵ֮ͨʱٿɴʮȻϲ۵ٶȡ
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֪ҰԶʱ֮Ϳռ֮Դзſһŷ׭סԼ
ڴʱΧȻһƬɵʱоԼľ뵽ޱ߿ຣ֮У඼ƺڳѼ尾ʹһ㡣
ݺݵҧ⣬˲˹ȻͼһĨǰѸٷŴʶ뵽õĻ谵֮С

Χ۵ڶ鶼һ۱߸ĸоҰʦȻնһʦ
Ұĺɫ䵶ɫ̨ʹִָһ򣬽ʬΪҽ


855 
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Ұˢһ̧ͷ­ųѱĹâ쵶бָ£ȻѪ䣬͸һս⡣
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糾Ϊ࣬ʦڣԼĵƴ󲿷ֶ˾۱̨֮УҰɱ˹ǲǴԼҲĶ֣
ҰϾŽ糾Ȼ콣ŵ·ȣնɱھ۱̨У㲻׶ҳ֡콣ŵˣ˾ͲˣҲԵһΣͿ콣Ų˳ˣ͹սһ
糾ɫ粻ڽĽ걮֮ǰ϶ԥĶԷҰ֣Ĵ󲿷ֵƶĸɾˣϷҰûаա
ԼҲҰɱˣ콣ŵǶˡ
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ڶһĿɿڴ콣ţȻˣһδͻƵʦˣ
˵ĿⶼڷҰϣԲ²ⷽҰ˴С̸
˵ʲôն˹񣬻Ƶ콣Ųսˣʵ̫ǿˣ
Ľ걮ն˹ͽķҰ治
˵ֵýύһ
㲻˰ɣҰ콣ţֻҪ뿪Ľ걮ضᱻ콣׷ɱҽύ

˶۷׷ף뷽ҰύԶԶܿΨֱ콣ŲԼϡ
ڽ糾вҰûзϡ
ڵص󷨿ħǷҰź«ưĴӻϰģ˵ԶԶϲϻԴȻ󣬵Ҳ̩ϵܹƿġ
ԶԶڶ飬Ұ΢ԾУܹ˹֣ʵңң·ҰĵãֻҪƷ񵤣ԿƳձڴ˴¯Ҫĵѣ׼òϡҳļ۸һŵҩûвϣõֵͬıȡ
ҰĻδ䣬ԭϵڶ鶼ʼȻ
Ʒ̩϶δֹˡҰȻ˵ƳƷ񵤣ǲ
ڶ鶼ҰᣬһôŷҰƳƷ񵤣ңϻȡһŵҩ
ҰΧ˵ķӦܲʣֽ̧Լ˳ڸ¥һĨĸۻĴ֣
Ұڵϣһ޴ڶǰ档
ϿŷҰܹƵĵҩʥԪʥʥԽϵĵҩ񵤡񵤡񵤡鵤ȵҩг
񱮵棬Ȼд֣ƾ
ƾǷҰܹƳΨһһƷ񵤣Ҳֻ񵤵ĵ
Ұԣλûмص񵤵ó뷽ĳȡһŵһͬƷ׵һƷ񵤵ĵѡһƷ񵤡Ʒ񵤵ĵѡŶƷ񵤡Ʒ񵤵ĵֻܸƾ
ڶ鶼ԾΧȴûǰ뷽Ұҩ
ƾһ˲ԾÿһͨӵӰڷҰǰ
ҰͶû̽˱ӵľΪʦڣӽԲ磬ѹ̩˶ˡ
Ұɫ΢ƣһ͸ƿУһ۴СĵҩţȻɫΣƿܹŵһ㡣
Ȼƾ¶һ˿ϲЦݣһ͸ĺɫ󹭳УתͷҰѣҲ֪ƾҪʲôϣҲû׼ƾĲϣܷŹȡ
ԣҰܸɴĵ˵ͷ˳ֽƾ׸ӡ
Ұڴ񹭵ˣʱҰȻܾ
ӽӹƾ΢΢£ɨ˷ҰһۣЦЦĵͲҴƾ·
ҰȻһЦһƾѣֻҪ㹻ĲϣֵҩҪҾƳ١ΪһƾһƷӲ˲ǰɣ
ݸһЦɽѩţ˳ֽ񹭶ҰǺùϧʺŮãȥɡ
Ұӹɫ󹭣ڹϿϵ壺ա
񹭣Ұǳϲ
ڣʦڵǿߣҲĿһս


856 £
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Ľ걮ؾ֮УҲܹõ񵤣ҰȻƳһϻȡһŵҩֱ̫ˣ˭Ҳᡣ
ҰҡҡͷʵĵλźöУһᱣ֤ÿ˶ܹõԼҪĵҩģӻߣˡеģȹȡҩ
Ұ˻һ䣬ڶ鶼Ծ
ĪӰӲԶٸڷҰǰЩĵѣּˣû뵽ȻǸƷ񣡡
ҰЦҲǽҲŴﵽƷĵزҪʲôҩҵĹϵҿȸ
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Ұ˹֣ЦˣǾͶлˡ
ڴʱԶи󺺺и񵤵
ҰһĶʾ£Цλһ𡣡
ҩļֵ߰˶ۺ졣潻ף󲿷鶼ǣҰӡʶ󷨣ǴħܻģʦҲ޷ƿǿԺܺõıܡ
̽ʶ̽ʶţ뺣ʧӰ٣а𾪡
΢ԥ£ΧڶΧŷҰ󣬶ٷЩ߽
Ұ˹˹֣Цĳʧ£λҪҩźöУȸոλѳ֮һλɽ룬ĳڵйλˡ
Ұ뵽֮Уĳܼ򵥣һǰһӣиڵ
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Ұϣʾ£ЦλӵеǺֵ
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Ұ˿һһװŵҩƿǰϣЦȷʦĵҺ⣬ƾȥɡ
ӸϽӹƿɫĴƿڲ̽£ֿٿƿڣƾһţ
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Χ϶ȡ˵ҩһţʮšҰռҩģҲԽԽࡣ
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ҰǸֳһ˿ЦĵҸɱ콣ŵˣ뵽еĺ콣ŻκβҡΪĳӭͶңǾذɡ
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Ұӹָڵִ̧һ󷨷ģһˮϣԼݷ
Ұɲ˼Լǿµĳɵʣרϣרʶߡ
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ݷķɾͲԶˡ
ݷ簵ҡҡͷа콣ųϷҰڷҰΣ֮ʱԳȣҰм㣬Ȼҡ
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ηҰõʦϴ񵤵ĵƷ񵤵ĵõĶƷԪĵõڶƵҩҩģνջ޴
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Ұ˰֣˵ʲôͲÿˡ
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ҰԾգܹ˹֣ЦȥĽ걮֮ŽбԸŵģԵƳɽȥҡţԺҪĵҩȫˣңҿԸṩ붼벻л
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ڶ˴֮˷̸ܵһЩѾ뷽ҰˣиڹҪȵӼ֮ٸż롣
ϾǶ˵ӵĴ֪սǷӼ뵽Уǵ˱ϣǲŻ¶ļ롣
ķݷһۣ̾η
ķ簵շҰĲСɾȻ˸ߵѵΪ̩ϵĴܹƳƾ׾ͿһȺ飬ҪΪ̩ϵĴҲǲܵ顣
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Źҵڹγһ͸һɾ춯صɱ
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Ұ˿񹭵ǳ⣬ֻǶΪ̫ˣʦһܹÿ
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ӵ͸һĨŨ𾪣񹭱õģҪǳԼҪѺܴУû뵽ҰȻ
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в˶ϳ˷Ұ֪Ľ걮֮ǰնɱͽܵǸˣڰԴŷҰ
Ұ񹭣ԾϰգΧ˹֣λѣĽ걮λѲ඼˽⣬δĽ걮ѻЩɻҾظһ顣
˵Ұ£ּǷҰƷɵĳķѺϼݷѶ֤бΪߵͣʺûŵˣԺĵҩȫˣṩõлǣҪţħģѣ
̩ĽɳڶʿʱƷͷ㹻̩϶мûֹˣ㹻ĵġ
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˵϶¶˷֮ɫЩĽѾͷڶǣһȥȥռĲȥˡ
ڶķӦδĽ걮ЩʿҲģ쳣˷
ӵĿƮԶǸֳһ˿޵Ц⣬Ʒ񣬻δţȵѾͷͻƵʦ磬ǿԴһȥɽ


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һʮɽԴĴҲܹ׵ֵסʦԲǿ߹ɽеĴһ𼤷Ǵ˵е쵽ˣҪƿħҲǾ޿ܵ顣
Ұֱʾ죬ٷ¶ĿɿڴǷҰһóʮƷʱ򣬸ȫ𾪵ľþûز
ôƷ붼ģ̩еҲһóôƷɣ
ٴθо뷽Ұڵţһô˵顣
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ҰעĵطŸɽǽɽһ˴СС󷨣ɽ͸һɳɼ
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ҰʮɽиԽҲõô˴˵ɵķ
Щæ꣬Ұֻʱ䡣
գҰҵһǧɴɽǿɴСɽȿڣ֣Ϊɽˡ


860 ˫
ҰǸƷϢֶߣ̩Ǹ߲㶼֪飬Ľ걮Ļ֮󣬵Űݷﲻ
˶֪Ұ콣ţҲû˿ǵ飬ƷӰɼһߡ
ҰӴȫȥʮɽţдõˡ
ʱ䣬вɢе鶼˹Ҫ뵽СҰ԰ѹأԣΪʣֻҪħЧţԿɽС
ò˵ƷĳŵǺġ̶̰µʱ䣬Űݷõʿнˣɽ֮󣬴˶ѡ
ǱɢޣûйһЩĵ۸Ÿ˷ĳŵ콣ŻҲȻ롣
бϢ̩Ľɳзȥģﵽ̩Ľɳٶǰ벽龳ǿߣҰյȻ࣬ǾӢ
ȻҲɷҰĳŵķҰ᲻ֳŵֻ뽫ħİŵսϡҰҲýͣģǲǿ
ڶʮԺĮȻıӺһ̵İŮɽϿա
·ɽŮĿ˸žȵɫ龫ֵɽɨţϳЦݣűӵף㣬ɽϢŨǵҪŨĶ࣬Żѡ˸õط
ģڶΪʦˣܰȵ˿Цֵĵ˰Ůһۣһš
ŮǱӵãӡ
ӵƤͷĵô𣿲ǸƷ񣬻ԲΪѹס콣ŵĽ糾
ӳҲ޷巽ҰĵϸƷ񣬵Ľев˶ˡڳŵŵģԺĵҩȫӦòм١
ǺðԺĵҩͲóˣǾͼŰɡˣ㣬ǿ˰ɣӵĿ˸Сǡ
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ͷص˼Ҳû˵㳤ôƯ㷢Чһ飬ô찡
˵ֺȻɴ˫ۣΪǵĵҳҲ󰡣һҲңǿô찡Ҫۻǲ˰ɣ
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Ӹ˵䣬ϺȻֳһĨȵɫĵףǿĽ󷨽һ󣬵ȴһ޶ǿѹǹŹ֣
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ȥɡĿ˸һɫоԼСҰˣűкһͷɽԵȥ
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ֻܸӦʮ֮ڵĶȻʶ󣬻棡ӾĿĴת̽ɽ
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ӿЦţ鴫ǸҺ콣ŽаˡҶԽԽˡ
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Ұ̹ȻҪ飬Σյʱ򣬻ŵʱܹͿˡ˵ĳ֣סŵĸڵˣҸϲս֮ʱҪЭϣǿһ𡣵Ȼҿɲȥ
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ҰԵ£ȻʧЦĳңԶλûзǷ֮룬λɷġ
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Ұֽ򻯰ħķ˱ӽ򻯰ħ˽Խ࣬˾Խ𾪡
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862 
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Ұ콣žҪƽţٹ߿֮ϣ糾ۻɽ˶һѪڵĸо
ҰűӽڰУĿɨ콣ˣǸֳһĨѱЦݣĵҵ˭أԭǱ׷ͬɥ֮ȮĽ糾ϴһ㲻֪жҴǰ£˵þҪµˣ
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863 ս
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תһ仨ϢǵصĳǸʦڵļһ﹥ɱȥ


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ʦڵļһȫԷҰ֮ǣҪҰնɱԽԼǿֶζ˳

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һľ촫ɫ񽣱ҰһΪһ쵶Ըٶնɱ˹ȥǸһΪ룬ʬ׹ա
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ҰΪʦ绹һЩǷҰֶ̫ˣͲһʦӦġ
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շģҰǶɱˣ־ŭĴ
ڴ˷֮ʣӵǶ侧Ө絶裬ͻ񽣷һѪۡ
ҰĿڴϣ¶һĨŨɱɭȻżϾȥǼ棡
Ұδ䣬˾Ѿ˴ǰе쵶߸߾Ŵ˵ͷն䡣


866 Ͼɱ
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Ұٸһɴ쵶дƺ̺޾ǳ֮÷ҰеһѪڡ
ҰųһĨɫ콣ҲȻӹţ˵һУ;߱ͨӰӣʱգ˵ܹɱһͨ
ǣҰٸˡ
ҰʦڵļһǹճһĨЦ⣬üͻأĳһùӰƺľ̺С
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Ǹʦڵļһ΢΢һ˲䣬Ϳٻָ˹žͼһĨѤõĵ⵽Լǰ
ƿգ
Σ˷һۻŭһϵķ׭׭ȻըӰ֮ͻأʧ
򻯰ħ֮УеһжڷҰ֮У˸һʧҰظӦ˿ռ䲨Զķ
ħУŷ֮ҲӲԶ
Ұȫߵͨοʧԭء
ǸʦڵļһոմӰֳͼһĨѤĵ⣬δӦһû
˵ʶ뵽õĺڰ֮Уҷ
̩϶δʦվ̩ǵ۷壬콣ʦ˽֮⣬֮˾Ұɱ
ŭҪԮ콣ŵǼʦȫǿ£˿Ļᡣ
ǽģӵ˶Īû뵽ҰսȻ죬ʦڵǿ߶ɱ
̫ˣҺóŶӵв˷ܵɫЦ绨ŷҰûڵĳš
ն˽ģٳҲ٣ҰЦһοʧؼ䣬ŽĹɱ˹ȥ
СãɣŭХ죬üгһӡǣû뵽еŰɫ֮У͸ѹնһϸ΢Ŀѷ졣
ҰŨü΢Ŀһɫĵꣿ
ӡǣǽĵֻ꣬۳˽ܹ꣬ʵһ
ˢ
̺˽Űɫڰһɫ磬ͷﾡԽӣŷҰϮɱ˹ȥ
ں˽꣬൱ڽıӵ
Ұ¶һ˿ŹֵЦݣִ̧һǱԪ
䣡
ԪǵϺȻըǱ񽣵ͷסƷ۷ĳҲըĹ⻪˸Ĵ롣
ǵٴ˦˲û뵽˽ĵü֮Уɫ΢΢Щס
͵ϮҰɣҰñԪ裬Ľ궼ܵЩˡ
Ұ˫ĿŽģȵģʦֵȫڻȪ֮µ㣬ȥδĺ
źδ˵ķҰвɵ÷һɾСʦôӵǿս
նɱʦȻ˿ƶδܵôģ
ĴΪѹһʼûгֵĴ㣬ڣȫֶ޼¡
ڷ֣ţԶеĸѲ
ŵҲͰˣֻҪзҰһ˴ڣž𣬰ɺϼ壡
콣Ŵ˴۽ȴûжκʵԵƻԵˡ
ͬʱĵлһֵǣҰ죬콣ŴٶҰưոŽ콣ţ콣ܵס
Χ֮»֧ŵĶʮ콣飬һֻεĸо
һΣ콣Ű˳ɵĸ߲ȫˣɽʧȥ飬콣Żֶܼã
ս˻콣ŽʣĶʮߣȳţٴӳ飡
콣ʣµЩ͵仰ˣԿٳɽ˹ȥ
ߣߵ𣿡Ұһдһصķͼɽٴθֳһ
¡¡
ĴʣµЩ콣һŴ󹥻ȴʹô˸ƣƿ
ĵɫǳѿŷҰŭշģ㻹ҪϾɱɣƼң͸ƴƣ
Ұ˫Ŀ絶Įĵ˵һ콣ˣнɢţƴƴ԰ɣˣҲƣǹԻᵴƽ콣ţ


867 ¾
ˢˢˢ
ħٴֳɱǵصĽ콣ڣشƣɱ

һҺƬ֮䣬콣нʣЩ˾ͱɱ˺Ϊ飬Ψнû̫ܵӰ졣
ҪְˣΧɱ̫ܼԼΣգˣֻĿ콣ŽʣЩڴ֮¡
˫ĿŷҰеĸоζӳ£ٶ飬УûжʲôʵԵƻȷǹɱġ
ûɵĸֳһͷ콣ţڷҰС
콣Ŵû¹ʲô飬벻˸ͷڶ콣ŵֵҳȻȫܶ죬һɱΪǱȻ׷ǶȥĵĿضŷҰϣ
ҰмЦЦԼˣ˵ôȻӣҲӲԴ̤ŵһ̣ͲԼˣ
ҲҪһΪ콣ųȥһŭһ˶뵽еŰɫ֮У͸һϵѹƺܹﳼƵġ
ﬣ
һŰɫ񽣴һӿȵĽ⣬˲䵽˷Ұǰ
̫ҰĮĵһӰȻɢطԭؽһӰ
ڰлһĻȣѭŷҰϢ׷˹ȥ
ҰԶİи֣һӣһʵɫ⻪ӿƺͨеǳ֮֯һƬɵõý񽣿ٻ
ɱĺȳһٴθֳ˾ŵӰҪȥɵġ
Ұסĵ֮֮ӲƴͽҰɡ
Ͻâ²Ҫӻɵѳ
ҰиֳʮƷˢһ³ڽΧȽӦʮƷһȻԱ
ʮƷһԱܾ춯أж˺ѿϸ΢Ŀռѷ죬񱩵ϢϯҰ˻ģӵħʱ򣬶ȥ
Ĺ⻪һãٴγڰУϵϢɢҲȻסʮƷԱԼҲܵ˼صơ
շģҸƴˣŭХһȫת͸һӿѹǿдӻΪεĴͨѳŷҰŭն˹ȥ
Ұҡҡͷƽĵ͸˵ˣˣҲƲˣҲ޼¡
ԱϣҰиֳһĨɵٴסƬ̣ǿµ
ʱ֮ľĿ˸һĨ־ɫ
еΪҾɡҰĮЦЦٴγʮƷ˲䵽˽ߣȻԱ
ըһѪʮƷԱΪҲܵ˼صƣһĸо
ŷҰ¶һĨɫƴҲҪҰµǷҰĻᶼƴС
緽ҰԣƣпĽˣҲƲˡ
ĻҰˣٴμʮƷڽܺȻը
ĵʶ뵽õĻ֮Уɢ
һսⱲҵһսҰ½ǶûӲҰˣķǳı
Խ콣Ŵ˴εĳ
̩ϵڶ飬˵콣źŵìܣ콣ɱŵʱвԶңң
콣ŵ³˶һֻεĸо콣ŵĸ߲ˣٳ¡
˿ҪѹʣˣڿձѹľȻ콣ţ
ӽԺ콣žҪ̩֮гˣҲʵŵԽԽ̩ǵĸ߲֮У˲֪˲
ŵֶΣ˶ɵĪһʦڵǿ߶ڴ֮޷֣¾û˿ԵȻ֮
ǣҰһóǧĶƷֻΪԱ˵УֱʣϼɵҲ硣
˼ɵǣҰɱϣϧùٵƷ¾һ콣˶δŹ¾
ѪֶΣ˶ģû˵ô콣ţǷҰ͸ң
ս󣬷Ұ֮쳹̩ǡ


868 
콣֮УȫˣӵлЩε𾪡
콣Ŵѹ֮ʱӵһľͿٳȥΪųŲ죬Ѿ˾߷ҰĴ㡣
û뵽ҰǶóٵƷó˽ǧĶƷʦնɱһŤתս֣콣ȫڴ˵ء
Щ飬ÿһ춯أʵ󲻳ȻһδͻƵʦΪ
ڷҰԵ֮ʱͿ˷Ұóռ֮ʱ֮׷ҰʵǿƥǣһĸоܸоҰʵδԻ
ӰҡͷҰֳսѾˣĻҲ
ʬ壬Ұ¶һĨ°ЦݣĿɨһȦϣЦ콣ٰʮλûŽڵ˵ʬѪɽҫǹͬҫ
Ұ䣬˾ͻȸԾܹɵٶ飬׳٣̩϶ʷǰģˣ
Ȼжף֮ԻҪԭ򣬻ڷҰϡ
˵ǸտʼţΪ˷ҰŵЩҩڣеȫǶԷҰľһǿҵĹС
ڣϿţңΪ˵ݶԺ
ҰĿ˸ĶǸֳһ˿Цݣ˴Цλս֮ǰĳŸλŵģȫ֣ÿٷһŶƷ񵤺һȻٸɱжѣԴ
Ա˵ǲûнеȫԱϣÿжٶʣ˼Ʒ˶ԾĽʣµĶƷϽ˷Ұ÷Ұͳһ䡣
ոɱ֮ʱҰֻˣûиÿ˵ĳֱ䣬ʱͳһ䣬ѡһʺǵȻٿʼͷ䡣
ܿ죬Ұͽнϣŵÿ˶ǳ˷ܣԷҰӵľء
ŴϮǷҰóڶĶƷԱЩ˻϶³
Ϊ˶Ʒİǲܹ콣ŵЩѹĽ콣ŵЩƴҲеһЩܵˣް
ҰĿڶʬɨűЦɱЩ콣ŵĵˣҲвٺö鷳糤ָռһ£ͳһܹжٱһţԹ衣ʣµһ룬λֵǷ˰ɡ
ڶ֮ȫȸԾ콣Ŵ˴İٵ飬ϵĲرȻзǳ߹ļֵ
Ըļţѣ
ˣռʶŵķɣԸħģϣԼţ
ҲҪţ

ʶҰֶ֮սڶȫɽһߺҪС
ǰƷǷҰóǧƷ˷ǳۺ죬ЩһﶼҪС
ҰĿɨ⣬ǹճһĨ°Ļȣ˽ֹ֮ڣκˣңԺˣҲṩеҩ֮ˣҪħģУ񵤣УУ߼񹦣У񼼣УͨУҪõҪнܳײУţˣ
Ż֮ʱЩһﲻ룬ʱŵĵ̣һۺˣͷ­ꡣ
ǣҰҪˣ
빲Ѿֱô˵飿
ſԣ֮ģṩҩҪҩ͸װɡ
̸
ڶʿȫסˣڼʶŵ֮󣬴˶ҪУҪŵԴǣ˼ڲˣ
Σյʱû˸ҶԼˣʱһδ콣ڶ飬Ҫȴˣ
ˣһض㣬ղѡǵĶڰԺڣûţԺţҲŵЩ˵Ĵͬˡ
Щв˶ԷҰЩԹȴû˵ȥǷҰһԹĶûС
̩ͷ֮һ콣Ŷˣ˭ȥùͷǻˡ
ǰŵˣһֻԼ磬ȻĻںڵҲһݶˡ


869 ɱ콣
ȫ콣֮Уõ̩ǣΪǵԸҲԸš
콣ͬһ죬콣ŶʼɽеӶٻţһ󼶱ĻɽɽŶ̩ȥ
Ұʱûʱ콣ţ¹п¯ϹΪ̩ϵڶƵҩ
ᣬҰԼõǼһ˷˼֮󣬾ͽЩȫƳ
֮£һ²ŽֹÿǰҷҰˣȥҰҲڶ˵ҩ
ȵҰ㹻ĵҩ˵ĵҩš֮⣬ҰڵƷ񾧣ԸŵӶչϣҰԼǽ뵽εıչ֮С
Ұʮ֮һĻʱʱ̶̿ڼȡħ壬ܹɵҲǳ嫣ٶ΢Щ
ҰٶҲԶԶ˿ȵġ
ڽʱУҰڸ鵤ٶͻͽ
󣬷ҰأΪﵽԲٽ㣬̤뵽ʦ硣
ڷҰ֮ʱظӦˣٳڷҰߣǳЦӯӯĵϲأΪӦüͻƵʦ˰ɣ
ҰЦŵ˵ͷˣΪҲ
бϱ鲼ټʦĸӵΪҲǳ죬ѾӽʦԲ硣
ⶼࡣǫЦЦ
ҰĿĴɨЦˣ
ӵЦѾ죬̩ڶ޳֮ж˷ֲеľӪҩ֮еҩԼҩ԰ֳһЩޣһΪһ
Ұ¶һĨЦݣһʼֻչϣû뵽ŷչѸ٣ȻڸضӵԼĲҵ
ҰƬ̣űѯʵ콣ţûʲôӦ
ҡҡͷԴϴξ콣֮콣žʹ̩伣ˡôǿߣ콣ſνԪˣȥ鷳ǴѹǱ𣬽ɽŶԴȥˡ
ҰȻѯʵ֪֪ǵڣ
΢΢£ҵȷ֪콣ŵľλڣ콣ɽֻζ󼶱ı佣󣬽ȥΧǲ㽻֯Իôңҳˡ
ҰǹճһĨĻȣųɱɱȻĵ콣žȻһҪġھʹȥɣչ콣ţ
˫Ŀ𾪵˷Ұһۣ͵ͷã󲢲ƣȻڣѾӦ֮ߣ͵վɱ콣ţ
ҰЦҡҡͷҶǰӣ
ӲŷҰʵ벻Ұδ̤뵽ʦ磬ƾʲô˿ڳԡ
ҪȰһҰֹâҲδ˵ڣǳЦãҾˣ
ӵķӦڱ룬ҰЩףҲͣһʹг
ӽȻŷҰ˵콣ɽϷٶ⣬߰ɡ
ҰǼۣȥһ⣬ʧߡ
۵ٶȼ죬ûãҰͱӾͳһ޾ɽ֮С
ﵽվ͵ɽ壬ÿһɽ嶼Ƶģɽ͸һĽڰн֯Ƭ׽ɱʥ͡
ɽ콣ɽˣǰͱ鲼ɱ󣬶Ǳ佣ܳĴ󣬶ʦӰ죬ҪСˡӵɫЩء
Ұĵ˵ͷγϸ죬·콣ɽʵ콣ɽҰˣֻΪ콣ű޹飬ȥһʱ󣬷ĳҪƽ콣ɽ
Ұңң콣ɽȫɲеηŵϽ˹ȥеΪҰ˵󻰣ŵĴδǲŷҰ֮ͿԵƽ콣ţ󲿷ֶ콣ɽۿ
Ұͣ˵֮󣬾ϥУûκˡѵˣ˲Ҳùˡ


870 ٽ
ҰͱӶɱ콣ɽһʱҪƽ콣ɽϢٱԴѶ˳ȥܿͱ̩ǵ֪
Ϣ˶Żɵ̬ȣǸ޷ҰͱӶ˸ǿƵɱ콣ţƾʲôֶΣ
콣ɽ۽νԪˡǣ콣ŴоԶӵеĵ̷ǳۺлвֹһʦڵǿߣػǷҰ˵ģ
ô˵̩ϿʼҰ콣ɽ̩ϵڶ鶼֪ԻкϷˣһٳ콣ɽ˹ȥ
̩϶ӿרųأΪ˿ⳡ֮ս
Ұ˸ߵ£첻콣ųǷҰɣı̩ǵĸ֣ڶĿȫ˹
Ұ緢鲻ܲʣڰУԵԼ״̬
շģȻ浱콣˲ɣһۻŭ콣ɽĳطĻһ㲻ϱãһ뷢԰׵߳ϵÿһëж͸ɭɭԶңңŷҰȳ⡣
Ұ˫ۣ˴˵ľΪʦڡ
콣֮УȻǽԼʦڵǿߣ߾콣ŵһλǿߣΪǽҪǿһЩ
ԴˣҰû˿ţĮĵ콣ڹŵʱ򣬾͸뵽нաչ콣ţ
ŭЦÿСӣ㲻ǽ콣ǿ䣬㻹Ϊ콣Ż𣿽㵽콣ɽͲˣ
ҰĿƽŴˣĵҸһʱߣʣ¶ʱڶ֣Ҳǰƽ콣š
ڿҪƽ콣ţұҪԶŭһëмĽХΪһ޴񽣣ŷҰͷն䡣
Х񷣬Į飬·һҪҰΪƵġ
ণ
Ȼһ峺ķ֮һͷɢűϢıһڽؼǵ븹Уˡ
ӵӰڷҰǰһߣ䵭ĵȻҪ֣ȹһء
߽Ȼüë΢΢£˫Ŀ̺һŭϸֳɫߵ磡˵Ұô˴󵨸ɱ콣ҰԭߣһҪҰ£磬Ҫ𣿡
Ӿû˿ĵ飬ҹܶˡ
ȻҧгһܽŷҰŭշģֻ῿Ů𣿡
ҰĮŽȻȻԼ̫¶һʱޣʣӣʱһԻԵƽ콣ţ뽫£콣ŵĵط̫С
Ȼй⻪˸ŭߵ˻˵ҲƲ콣ŵĻɽ󣬸˵ƽ콣ˣҵҪεƽ콣ŵģ
콣ɽԶΧ˲飬һԿ֡
ӵʱ䣬ת˲ȻЦշģʱ䵽ˣҿһ֮ƽ콣ţ
ҰĿڱϣЦ磬ȥ콣ɽҰɣƽ콣ţȻϡ
΢΢£һֱΪҰҪ˶Ը콣ţû뵽ҰȻԶս콣ţ
Ұʦ콣صʦɲ٣дػҰţ
һ˿ǵɫĵҪ콣ţ콣лڣɱǳ£һ𣿡
ҰųһŵķɣѱĵǸ콣˵ƽƽˣȥɣзִ磡
ؿ˷Ұһۣ˵ͷѡŷҰ콣ɽԵ˹ȥ
٣շģڱѾԶȥһ˶ս콣ţ㻹濴ԼȻһĳδȵȥȸɵҰ˵
ҰĿĴɨһȦλǰսѣõ콣ɽ⣬򣬳κκĳŲ𣡡
Ұľ棬ЩԾõԶҲЩ˸оҰڿʵûмȥҪͽۿ·Ұ콣֮ս
ҰҡҡͷŽȻЦЦȻȻô뿴콣ŵģǾĹ۰ɣ
ԱϣҰԼΪȫͷ˳ÿһëжƺǧħ֮ѪǺ嫣͸һѹʮصơ
ڷҰͷɸ߿գһźɫƿٳͣ콣ɽϿգա
Уɫ׽֯˸ھ͸һɻصƺԽ̩ǺƵģ˶һֱĸо
٣ôôǿȻгŵɫ
ڷҰٸոճֵʱлַΧڵ飬ȫٶӵ콣ɽ֮⣬²Ÿ߿еĽƣÿ˵϶žɫ
ڣǶˣҰҪ֮ƽ콣ţ
ҰͻƵʦ磬ٵѹǳֲȴ˵еʦ컹Ҫӿ£˵ܽ˺俪콣ŵĻɽ
лЩɻǿҰ٣ԼܶɹѵҰʣ
С뿿֮ƿ콣ŵķֱǳ룡ҲɽˣɣȻŭХһˢһ³һϽɫ񽣣ɢ׺ѹٳŷҰϮɱȥ


871 ɱ
ŽȻնķɽҰû˿ţӿ֮ۺ񣬽ƿתȻӽгһףŷҰն
ڴʱȻǵϽɫɽҲ˷ҰߣҶյǵ˹ȥ
Ȼɫ䣬ҪԼǱϽɫٻǱϽɫȻͣʹǵǿƵİڡ
䣡
һ춯صĺ֮ǱϽɫ񽣱Ե׺ľҶѣ˵Ѻۣͱ֮С
⻹ΪһƷԵʣǻ񽣣ڽ֮лҷˡ
Ȼ֮ɫҰϾվڽ£һ׺ݵɫٴοǱϽɫ񽣾ͳŷҰϮɱ˹ȥŭţշģҲ㳢Աζұ
Ѿ˴ȻԾҪԱܹըҰֻҪܹҰΪˣҰѶȹԼ١
ãףҰһָ߾죬иֳһɵ֮˲û뵽ʵĽ֮С
ʵĽǹˮ֮һҷУһƵĴ콣ɽȫڡ
ƣЩͣ콣ɽвδȥ龡ԺȻһЩҲŵɫƴȫҪ콣ɽӴܡ
ڽȻɫ䣬ûм׺׽٣Լûһ˿տԶȹ׽١
䣡
ȽȻϽɫ񽣰УʱϽɫǡԱõù׽֮ǿʢڷҰĿ£ǵصĳŽȻ˹ȥ
ȻԱԼҲܵЩǣ˿˿ѪʱײҷҰԼŵøεѡ
ȻܽݺᣬԶ֯һܣҪһ
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׽ٽȻڣһҵĺ񱩵ϯҰ˻ġ
ȵƽȻͷɢĳڰУȫ϶ȾѪըѪڣһʱ֮Ȼ޷ϡ
϶˵콣ţϧ㿴ˣҰĮЦЦٴηף֮ΪУŽȻ˹ȥ
ڽȻĿУ޾ڣû޾֮Уҷ
ڶԶңңȫȻĿв˾ɫһʦڵǿߣȻôҵ˷Ұ׽֮£Ƕеһŵĸо
˵ȻѾﵽʦˣͶȹʦ٣Ϊ˱˵ʦ֮£ȷЩ˼顣
ˣҰٵĿ֮ԶԶǿȵġ
ʿ콵٣߾磬벻Ȼܹ٣ɳؽﵽ쾳磡ɵһԶпĿβס𾪡
ҿûǵҰȻ콣ŵ³¾ǵ³ˡϼһλ泤˿Щҵ̡
ɱȻ֮󣬲δֹͣ·콣ɽѹȥ
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һƵĺ콣ɽʼ߽⣬һɽ屻ΪƽأֻҪ׽µ飬
콣ɽǰߵڶ飬һĿ¶֮ɫҰ콣ɽߵĻᣬϧˣԻˡ콣ɽл಻ŷҰԸ콣ɽ飬ȫ˹׽֮¡
һ׽ٹ콣Ҳ䣬ǸֱΡɽһ콵Ƶģɽ嶼͸һϢ
콣Χֳһ½Ĺ֣ڹ׽֮оȻδ飬ʼɢŲɫˮһȦȦܡ
콣콣ɽһɴ˫ۣҰ٣Ҷ뿴콣ŵĻɽܷ񿸵סҰ١
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ǧ׽֮ǵصĽҰͬ콣ɽڣβŷҰ
Ұڵÿһëжħ֮ڵתΧ֮תԼΪ
ҰһĶƷҪͣǻ޷סֽףϿըһѪڡ
ҰתͨϸֳһƣըѪڿٻָţÿһ޸ӵļ;Ө
ҰĽ׽һС֣ʣµĴ󲿷ֶ콣ŵĻɽ棬콣ŵĻɽҡҡ׹


872 콣
Ұԡڹ׽֮Уȫÿһ缡ڹ֮вϵı飬ÿһ鶼ǰӵļͣɢžӨѪɫ⻪û˿ĳϾ
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׽ǵصĺƺԺƵģ콣ɽڣԵڼһɽΪƽأʣµ֮ȫ콣ŵĻɽ档
콣ŵĻɽһԵ켶ǿȫһֹ׽֮£Ҳҡҡ׹ƺʱƵġ
콣ɽ֮⣬ڶȫ֮δŵģһЩǿ߶ȹٵʱٵҲԶԶϲϷҰ׽١
һжðʺţټֱǲɱҰĲݣҰܹȹ
׽֮г˻Եÿһ׽ٶܹõ÷ҰըһѪڣѪ̿գҰΧȾѪɫ
Ұϲϵðһɫƣȫ˳׼ڵ޸׽ٶҪöࡣ
ҰδԼ׼˲ٵ񵤣ͨӵЧǲڶ񵤡
Ұ屾ͱһĶƷҪǿ׽ٵĲϴӼǿֱ׷Ʒ
ֹ֮£ҰҲ˲ٶ׽֮콣šǣ׽̺֮ǹɻ֮ʱʱ̿ĥ콣Żɽõ콣ŵɽҡҡ׹
׽һһƺҪ̩ǶƵģ콣ɽڡ
ʱƣ콣ɽе˵ԽԽ࣬شͨ飬ӵʥ;飬һҺŻΪҽɢؼ䡣
ڷҰ֮£һɽ嶼Ϊƽأ͸˵һˡڶ޷ȥһ׽˴󲿷ֶ׽ٵĿ֮ըʬ޴档
Ұڵÿһëжǧħ֮ƺݷ޾ħƵģħƾɡ
ʮ֮еĻҰʱʱ̶֮̿ݻԼΪ
ǣ˴Ѫɱħ壬ҲҪö࣬Ҳ첻˶١
ڶɽ֮ʱҰȫݷӿ˳ĽٵΪԼУ׽֮ϵɱɷҰԼϵĳʦıݡ
ʦ磬ԳƵǴʦ龳ȣȫһʵɱ䣬Ũ̶Ⱥڵܹɵ龳Ҫǿ̫ˡ
ҰĬ˾ת·ҪһжݻƵģ޾֮ԼΪأҰоʦɶЩ
Ұ׽֮ݷڵÿһϸ֮УÿһϸһСƵģƺ޾һ㣬Ұѹڡ
Сʱ󣬷Ұоܹɵ֮ӽͣʵľ۽ڲתš
Ұһݷ֮˳ʦݳ˹ȥ
䣡䣡䡭
һƵӷҰڴҰΣȫëж͸Ѫͬѿ͸㾧ӨѪ˿
꣡
ȻҰһ֮ƺĳֶƵġ
Ұʱеһɣһ޵׶һ㣬֮ȫڣžתתɱԼΪΪȹ
ʦڣ
Ұˢһ˫ۣ˸ŵķɣͻƵʦ磬̤뵽һȫ֮ͬС
ҰգڷڿкƮ裬˫Ƶ磬ÿһ缡͸һĻѹһʦڵǿ߸˵ѹƺƬصƵġ
Ұɽٳɹˣ˵
ۼʵĹ׽֮ɢҰһųһɱ⣬Ȼ̧졣
ӷҰгһѤɫâ˲û뵽˹֮С
еĽƷ·ܵĳƵģھҷ͸һɹɸǿʢѹһȫɱϺɫɢѹϢٴӽһ·콣ɽϮɱ˹
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޾ɫ׽콣ɽûУ콣ŵĻɽֿԵ׽֮£ҶһȻ顣

һĲҽ콣״ɽһ콣ŵӶ֮лΪҽ츳ǿܻԵ죬ھʵ֮£Ҳûһ˿Ŀԡ
ȵɢ콣ɽ״̩Ĩֻʣһ޵ԨȫһĴӪڶս߶𾪵Ըӡ
ӽ֮콣ų̩ϳ


873 Ǽʴ
Ұ׵֮ͨ콣ɽһƬ޵Ԩ콣ɽеһӣ֮¡
ҰѪȵĺֶΣùսڶ鶼ѡ
ϼɵ˴һۣĿжֳһĨŨļɵ֮ɫ
ǶڰңҿԼûǵҰɱ񣬷Ļǵ³콣źõȥ
˹Ϊ񹦵ҩΪҰǵΪ˱콣ţ콣ɽƽˣ콣޾ղأûзУ
벻ȻˡӵųһʣһգգĶŸ߿еķҰ
Ұܹ˹֣Цĳɽϣ콣ŵĶԹ˽⣬лλ֤ŽٴбһʣΪֻҪħЧţžͻỶӭλ룡
ڶΧ۵ǿ߶ȻĶҰʵĿãһ֮߸˴콣ţ˵ǽٵǷҰʵҲӹɡ
οҰǸƷӵе񵤱ɺϼ嶼Ҫ࣬ͷȡ
ŲṩҩӵиֵҩԴֻҪĹ㹻࣬ͿӦԴĳɽλݹ٣Ұ˵˼䣬űӵ˵ͷһ𣬿ʧߡ
ҰûΪ飬̩ϵҩԴޣҰҪΪ㡣
ȵҰȥǰ޵Ԩͷֱðڶǿ߶Ƶġ
Ǳ˴֮󲿷ɢ޶ҪСϾŵʵǰӵԴΪʣŲṩ񵤣Ҳ֮ͣ󲿷ǿ߶ɽڵķ˹ȥ
ҰѰµʱ䣬ٴһǿߣǽ뵽УΪŵķչȥס
ҰֻŷչĴ򣬿ûʱȥеһЩС飬ȫٷȥˡ
ռ˲ҩȫҰƳ񵤣Լһ֮ʣµȫ˱ӣŵĽ֮á
ӿƿе񵤣ϲ𾪣ŵĵȻƳ˶񵤣ȫҴ
ҰȻһЦ̩ǵĸˣЩҩȻҪ㣬ϣܹЩҩʹ͸Ϊ޴׵ˡ
ضУǸж
Ӿ뵽ʲôɻŷҰ̽Եĵǲ뿪̩ǵĴ㣿
Ұ΢΢˵ͷЦҵδ
ӳ֪̩ϺûǼʴʹ󣬼дʹҲҪǼʴܹҪ뿪̩ǣΪﵽ쾳С
ҰһǿǼʴУȻҽҵõһǼʴȻ鴫̩ϣ˵̩ϻиεǼʴʹ׼ȥҡ
ҰеǼʴӵжٸֳһȵɫûǼʴ̩Ƿӵдʹ飬Ҳȷˡ
ҵǼʴʹһտŵġӳŷҰ֣صĵ˵ͷ
ãȥ̽һҰЦͷпʧ
Ұһ·۵糸õǼʴĵطΧεǼʴû˿춯÷ҰЩź
ǼʴԸӦΧʮ֮ڵǼʴʹ󣬼ȻǼʴûзӦ˵ΧûǼʴʹ
ʱУҰͿʼصΪģΧ̺ʽ
̩ǷԲǧҪ̩ȫѸ飬ҰҲ
º󣬷Ұ˴̩ǣǼʴʹʼûκη֡
һգҰ뵽̩ĽɳĽ걮ֵĵطҪԶڸӦǼʴ춯
Ұ΢΢£ɫϲֽǼʴ˳
ǼʴϷǵ㣬һǼʴıԵλӺһõĺɫ˿ߣһһҲǳ
Ǽʴʹ󣬾ڸ
ҰǼʴʾķ̩ĽɳϿշ裬ȵλʱ򣬿·ɳȥ
ɳ֮ϣҰûзǼʴʹ󣬶ǼʴϵĹԽԽˡ
ҰһƷеĳǹ̩ĽɳƬ֮󣬷Ұоһգ뵽һص׿ռ֮С
Ƭص׿ռֻʮɷԲһµĴϢƬռ
Ƭص׿ռλãһµ֯һӴǼʴʹ


874 ȥǰ׼
ҰĿǼʴʹ棬ִΧۣû˿١
Ұɵ΢˿𣬶˲٣¶һĨõЦݡ
ԼҵĿûˣ̩ĽɳͻȻǼʴʹȻǸ쳣
ڴΧһۣҰҲףǾǷƷģ
Ǽʴ͵ĻҪκûǼʴҪƷ͡
һξҪƷڷҰ˵ʲô˵һʲСġ
ϸȥҰǼʴʹǸʹֻܳܽ
ţҰַ֣ǼʴʹΧǸҲ򵥣ڵΪ޷ƿػ
ǿƳĻҰֵĻ𻵵Ǽʴʹϸ˼һ֮󣬷Ұ￪ʼоػ
ҰоֺϤĸо΢һ󷨣Ľ걮ϵһеģ
ҰаԲ²⣬Ľ걮ˣӦ󷨵ͬһˣͬš
ػȻ󣬵Ҳһ
ҰӴ󷨾ǴĽ걮̺󷨿ʼʱ󷨣ƿȥˣڸϸо
ҰԺвϵݱĿԣϵĸԼ⣬ǰ󣬷Ұ˽ԽԽ̡
ѾԿ϶󷨣һļ
󣬷Ұڽ󷨵¶ˣÿһеĿԶָơ
ˮƽҲˮɵĴﵽ˶ʦĵزʦֻһ֮ң
̫£Ұû취óѾ㹻Ŀɳ󷨣
ҰųһĨǿҵŷɣȥ˸һҲ뿪̩ˡ
Ұӵص׳𣬹ɳٴ񣬿˿ۼ
ҰԼסķλ֮󣬱ٸڡ
ΣûҵǼʴʹ󣿡ӳŷҰӭ˹ϹһĨǳЦ
ҰЦҵһҴרǸһ
ӵ¶һɫŵŷҰ̩Ǽʴʹʲôط
Ұ˵ͷЦǼʴʹ󣬾̩Ľɳһ󣬿ԽƷдͣ⻹һļػʹڵصףûǼʴ治ҵͽصںػķӡ
˵ţҰóһհ򣬽Ǽʴںػĳ취ӡ棬ֵݸ˱ӡ
ӽӹŷҰȻ˵ʹ⻹иļȻ֪γѵһļʦ
ҰȻʧЦҡҡͷôܣѧһУҲǻԵɺϲܳĳ취ûа취Ƴ󣬸ò󡣡
ϵ֮ɫԻȻ͵ĵ˵ͷܹоļĳ뷽Ҳˡ̩ǣûӵ
˵ţӽһʶע뵽֮Уʹںػĳ취Ժ֮С
ҰЦЦרǸǵġ뿪֮ţͽˡ
ӳƬ̣Ȼո˵ûǼʴҲԽд͡˭ҲһͷǷʲôΣգһȥɣ
ҰϵҡҡͷΣգȫԱ˵ŸҪ򡣵ȵٶһʦڣҪҲ޷Ǽʴλúͳ뷽Ҫκˣ˵ΪﵽʦڣҪǿԴڸǡΪʦڣðȻǰ
Ҳûǿ󣬵ͷӦҲãҾţȵٴεʦڵˣҾ׷Ĳȥ翴һ
Ұٻ˳ΪѾﵽ˴ʥ磬ŷҰҪ뿪̩ǣг˲ᡣ
ҪŷҰһȥԼϷҰĺȣʵʵҰİţһС
ҰñӽռҩȫۼѰµʱ䣬ȫϣԼһС֣ʣµĴ󲿷ֶ˱ӣȫȨŵͷ
Ұûŵ飬ǱУ׵š
һУҰȥ̩Ľɳ˹ȥ


875 ǹ
Ұٴγ̩ĽɳҵԼеǸλŹɳȥ
Ƭ֮󣬷ҰͳػΧ˳ִһһɣһͨ
Ұػд󣬺ܿʹӴд˹ȥ뵽˴Ǽʴʹ֮С
ҰǼʴ˳Ǽʴʱųҫ۵ĹâһŲõǹ⽫ҰڣŷҰʧԭء
Ұ뵽ʱ֮Уʱоʱټ죬ʱָϽʱٷǳʱһд󣬾Լ֪ȥ˶á
һ˲䣬Ǽ£ҰȻоһգ˫ٴ̤ʵϣԼڽ뵽һµĵط
ҰȫѹĿȥͼΧһƬΧ΢㳱ʪϢܹӦһɽ֮С
Ұ˫ۣΧһжظ۵ףȻһɽеĿռ䣬ͬиʹΧҲиػ
Ұ΢΢һЦٴδػ˳ȥ
ͨһѵĵصҰɽ߳ԼڵɽһӡƵɽ壬ԼǴΨһţ
Ұɽ֮߳ɽеһãɽȫʧ˳һƬ޾ɽ֮С
ҰԾȣɽϵĻǹ߼ļѹǼʴʹ󴫳꣬
˵أҰﵽʲôطǷȫҰûнԼʶͷųǹ˫Ҫﵽʲô
ҰոսԼע˫֮УΧһ޺֮һĹϵϢƺǽ뵽ԶźƵġ
һƬûɽ
ҰϸӦһΧЩϵޣÿ޵ǳǿʥ;޶в٣龳ޡ
Ұ𾪣Լ׽뵽һʲôĵط
ڷҰ𾪵ʱ򣬶Ȼһ֮ŭҰ΢ķٸȥ
Ȼ̣ǾͿѯﵽʲôط
Ƭ֮󣬷ҰĵطԶԶͿʿΧһͷȫɫƵİɫʨ
ʨĺ󷽣ȻһʾӨ֮߸ɵ͹ӣ͸һɹɵϣԶԶƺƵġ
ҰӿֳһȵĹϳӵǹ
ǹʦʿãʦֱһС磬ûκθã
Ҳ˵ʦڵʿһǹֱӽΪʦڣʦڵʿãֱӽΪʦԲ磡
ϧʦ֮Уֹֻܷһţõٶ࣬˷ѡ
ҰĿתƵǼʿϣ⼸ʿȫʦ˵Ϊʦڣʦڵʿ
ǶԸͷɫƵİɫʨһͷʦڵĴǲûлΪΣɱ޵ı塣
֣һСоɱ󣬽ͷʨΧУʨͲ˺ۣ顣
ȻҲˣͷʨȣȴҪöˡ
ףˡиӵĴ󺺷˷Ұĵĵ˳
иɨ˷Ұһۣߵߣǹֻ߿ţǼ֣ʦڵļһҲһ
ʦ磬ʦ硣
һźɫ۵߿ٴһ·ģʦĳѹ˻ȥŷҰȵСӣʰͷ׿ʨ·
ҰŨü΢ǸֳһĨ°ɫĵӹ߿ţҲû취֡ҿڳλ׿ʨȡһţΣ
ĻСӣںǹͷ׿ʨػ֮׿ʨƽ֣֮ΨһŮӲɵЦһɫ׿ʨҽ
ߣһʦڵĲҲ̸ƽ֣ɱ׿ʨС˵һ˸Ǹɴࡣ
ҰĿ΢УȻ׿ʨι⼸һǹܸҼţ
׿ʨ΢΢£ʨзһۻɱһˣҸһŹӡ
׿ʨҲƣҰǸʦڵļһѵĸҶ˶ֲɣ
ãôľˣҰ޺ЦЦִ̧һƬɵţƺͨ޾ǳƵģγһƬɫڵƬ򶼷ڡ


876 ȫնɱ
Ұһ־ǻΪεͨǳλʦǿȫڡ
ɻɵλʦо뵽֮Ƶģȫؼ䣬ڹƵġ
ռͨɫ۵߾ϲ˼ɵɫ
ɫ۵ߣʦڵǿ֮һһǸꡣ
ˣнҰЦһһգԾ쵶У˲ԭʧڻΪε֮С
ۣ
ɫߵͷ­˳ȥĿгŵɫ޷ԼȻ׵ľһʦڵС
ҰһնһʦڵǿߣõʣµЩһȫ𺧣һȫʩչȫҪӷҰĻΪ֮ͨ˳
ӣ°ɣҰһǸҪɵҰļһһΪ룬ѪȾ˱̿գͷ
ʣµļ˶ɫ䣬ϧѪʩչǿǺطƬǿѳõԶŷҰ
ҰһһʦնɱͬвƵģõǶеһַĵ׵Ŀ־塣
λǰǹҲҪˡǸúɫŮӲΡΡĵһŤͷԶ˹ȥ
Ұһԭʧ˲ǸŮǰԾ쵶ŭն£ĮĵҪߣˣ
ۣ
ŮӱҰһն飬ȫΪһɺѪһ궼δӳ
ҰĺԾסˣǶ֪ҰֿԽˣڷҰֵʱ״󺺺ͽͬķ˹ȥϧȼԼľѪ·ͼӷҰѡ
ҰǹһĨЦ⣬ٴʩչߵ񼼣˲׷Ǹ״һն䣬ͷɡ
ͷأҰӰٴʧԭأٳֵʱ򣬾͵Ǹǰ쵶ŭն¡
һһѪɫĴӡ˳ٻΪɽС쵶֮ºȻը
ܵɿԵ쵶ϵĹ⻪𲻶Ǹնһֱն˿
ȻŷҰæĵǰʦѪħǰҸ̤뵽񽫾磬ϣǰܹһ·
Ұüë΢е쵶ٴն£ĮĵŻɽ֮£ҴӲ죬
Ұβļһг˾ֻƣеѪҺӿ֯һŹֵķģ˲û֮С
Ұͷеһִ̧һƬΪεҪǵѪɫĽסϧǵķ·ûܵ˿ӰƵģһʧԶ
¶֮ɫɫŷҰСӣɱңʦҲΪұģƬçɽ֮أ
ȥɣҰΪ쵶һشŭն£·췣֮һѪ
Ұûڴ˴ͣ˵Ĵָδȡ£ٳǹ˹ȥ
ǹԱߣͷ׿ʨھȺˡ
ʶ˷Ұ׺Ե֮׿ʨɲҲǹȥûܹѷҰ׷ɱ
ѵʵǿһ˸ɵʦǿߣʦڵΪδţҪǹֿʦǿ߽׵ıһ滳ǷĳѹΪǿߡ׿ʨŷҰûڵĳ޳
Ұܸɴĳǹ֣ͼŹ˷ҰУͷ׿ʨӦңɱһˣһŹӡɱˣȡŹӣûɣ
׿ʨæҡ˶ʨͷϽûȻû
׿ʨаֹʦǿ߶ɵˣҪ߿ŹȫߣҲκ
Ұֻȡӣ׿ʨжٷЩٷҰ˻Լһԭ򣬲ȻĻԼ촦ˡ
Ұ׿ʨϣһҸղ׵Ǹһи񽫼ĿɽǼһϢѾǸ֪ˣҪ뿪ˣҲȥɡ
Ұ˵꣬ͷҲصĳԶѸ˹ȥ
׿ʨһͫȻ룬ڷҰͳԶԶԶѣȵң
Ұɫ΢ٶ˿ʲô
׿ʨ̤ƶæǰķʮĽ׷ǰ
һӳ˵˵죬ǰ·ɣҰ˲ö˵ﵽ׿ʨıϣ׿ʨԸٶȳԶ˹ȥ


877 ƴ½
Ұ׿ʨһ·̤ƶߣ˳ֽµϢȫĨʱʮ⡣
ҰὫ׿ʨͷ뵽һɽ֮УҰ׿ʨһԾ£ֲһ򻯰ħ󣬽ɽȵϢȫ
ڣҰ΢˿
û뵽ǸĿɽȻǸ񽫼ǿߣҰδʶּǿߣ֪ǿߵʲôͨ쳹صֶΣڿɲǸ񽫼ǿ߼档
Ұ׿ʨҪ׷ң
׿ʨΪʦڣҰΪʶڣ׿ʨȻҪ׷淽Ұȥû˻š
һ·׿ʨڷҰʵǳݣҰȻϢĵˮ©µϢȫĨ˵ֶΣеǳ𾪡
׿ʨһãΪһʮ׳˶꣬һͷϰ䣬͸һ
Ұѯʣ׿ʨܸɴĵȻ
Ұиֳģ˫Ŀֱ׿ʨ۾ѯʵҪ׷ңҪԵҳϣұ½ƣȷҪ׷ң
׿ʨŷҰеǼģĬƬ̣ųһᶨĹʣۻĵȷˣˣ½ưɣ
ʲô֣Ұѯʳ
׿ʨϿ񣡡
Ұ˵ͷֽǼĴ뵽ϿĶͷϣ΢˿ǸֳһЦݣĵͻ֣ᷢѡǶôȷ
ϿжЩɻֻȴûжʡ
ҰҪϿ񼸿ʦֻϿʱѾǸʦڵǿˣٷǹͿԴﵽʦԲ磬ȻòʦҰֻʱա
뵽ǸᵽѪħ棬Ұ㳯׿ʨѯ˳ϿǷ֪ǸʲôѪħ浽ʲôˣ
ϿЦѪħçɽһħޣŲɱѪǰøͻƵ񽫾磬ڸǲС
Ұ뵽˽֮ǰǵѪɫģжЩüѯʵ֪Ǹ֮ǰķʲô˼ʲô
Ͽ̾Ѫ䣬ԼľѪͲܹѪħ濴֮ǰһĻѪħضѾסҵӣ¿ҪСĵˡ
ҰжٷЩֻҪ׷֮Ļ䣬ʱûзϡ
Ұ֪ƴ½ֱѯʵƬ½жʦж񽫣ûиǿߣ
ϿŷҰĵˣ㲻ƴ½ˣ
Ұ˵ͷƽĵƬ½ģ֪˵˵ɡ
ҰǲϿὫԼϢй¶ȥµĽƣȻ֪ǽƵֻҪһͷϿͻҷ
Ͽη˷Ұһۣа⣬ѹִս죬ȻǴ
ϿԼļ䣬ƴ½ľʿҲǺֻ֪ƴ½ϵʦ಻ʤҲټһЩûʾǿߡ
ҰԵ˵ͷƴ½Щ˽⡣
Ұƴ½жֲΣ
˵ƴ½֮㣬ţë٣߸ϿԼ˽Ķ˵˳
Ұӵʮλϵʦӵʮλϵ񽫡ӵʮλϵ
ֵطʿã
Ұٴ׷ʵ߸
еţħеɷƵеĺڻͷͷɽеšںͲţ߸Ͽһһ˳
Ұų貵Ĺâѿڵзźħ壿ﻹǲϵ
Ͽ΢΢£ͷϵϵĵŴ½Զˡ
ҰһаȻԺҪŵˣһħǧħ鵽Լͷϣ»治Ӧ
ΪļҰӸоλǧħʵɲˣλǧħȻвţԷҰڵʵ治ǧħʵжǿ
ڷҰʵսʤǧħ֮ǰҰױ¶ԼħǰҪС¡
ڷҰ˵ǧħɱʲôѪħҪµöࡣ
ϿɻŷҰĵźħں϶ЩֲΪλ˳Ծѵԭĵطûзźħ𣿡
ҰҡҡͷԭﻹûУˣԺúˣֱ֮ӽͿˡ


878 ʦ
ţϿɻѯʳ
Ұǹճһ˿ȻĻȣĵţʱԣһգؽ磡ǧ磡
ϿԼĿǳΪһ񽫼ǿߣû뵽ҰĿȻǧ磡
жؾж󣬲ҪԼ̫ƽӹҰȻ΢ЦĿ˸ŵĹ
Ͽ˵ЩʲôҰȻɫ䣬ִģϿԼϢȫס˫вصɫ
Ͽʶ̧ͷ죬ͼһѪɫ۵ӴѸٻŵϿҴ
Ѫħ棡
Ƭ֮󣬷Ұ΢˿ƽѾɽв˽ƣֻûܹסѪħʶ̽²½ƣԷ⡣
ȻܸӦѪħϢϿĿг𾪡
ϿԼǸʦڵǿߣӦѪħ棬ҰȴӦˣ˵ҰʶҪߵöࣿ
ҰտʼľƵӡõ֮֮ʶǿȻԶϿҪǿö࣬ʱ¶񽫲ˡ
Ұĵ˵ͷɵѪħȥķһۣɫصĵǵѪûô򵥣ȻѪħӦµķҸԼǷʲôԾĵطһѪ䱻ϡ
ҰԱϣ˫ĿʼһһĲ̽Լڵ
ܿ죬ҰԼĺͷǴһ΢Сķģޣϸ̽淢ֲˡ
ҰѪӿҪĨľӡͷ­Ƶģ޷Ĩ
Ұ΢΢üڤ濪ʼڷӿǵİסգۼͽǵĳ׷Ϊޡ
Ұоһ壬֪ǵѪѾԼˡ
Ҳûиеʲô쳣Ͽɻ˵˳
ҰģԶʶϿڲ̽һ飬ûзʲô쳣΢˿Ѫħ֪Ǿڸ˵ز˾Ǵӵ뿪
˵ţҰܱӿһȦɫĹΣ˿뵽·УϿ󣬴ɽпʧɽٴλָԭ
ڷҰӡǵʱԶѪħüëĿųɱʶ糱ˮǵصӿϸϸɨΧ
ʱѪħҵ˷ҰϿɽȣһ˵ɽȣѪħŭһһƽɽĳޡ
ڴʱҰϿʹﵽʮ֮⣬һ̶ð˳ȫ⻪뵣ˮδմ
ҰԲģϿһ𣬳ŸԶĵط뿪ȥһֱܳ￪⣬һͰɽͣɽ˽ʶĶ
ڣҰ΢˿
죬ҰһֱСģʱ̱ž裬ǲûзʲô쳣
ȥѪ䣬ѪħѾ޷жҰλãҪޱߵçɽҳҰڴ롣
ҰԼ״̬۷壬ֽһǹ˳һȥ
ǹ͸Ұ֫ٺ֮УҰȫë׶ƺſ·һֵתԼۡоģ˶ƺƬΪһƵġ
ҰûҰȫĹ⻪תתΪԼΪˮš
꣡
һ޵ڷҰ𣬷ҰȻоӿƺйڣ糤뵽˺Ƶģƽ
Ұˢһ˫ۣ˸һĨ貵âǹճһĨЦݡ
ʦڣ
ǹȷǰԵֱӾͻһС磡
ͻˣϿ𾪵ŷҰϰĳ˸ŵơ
ڷҰͻ֮ʱĸӦҰԭΪȻʦڡһֱΪҰĳǰװʦǰڵӣҰʹǹͻƵʦڣ׷ҰȻʦڡ
ʦڶܹɱʦڵǿߣҰʵǱһĳȵĸо
ضܹиõķչǰ;
ҰϿЦŵ˵ͷǹ㹻ԵΪ㻤Լ״̬Ҳһǹͻưɡ
ϿͷٴλΪ׿ʨı壬ڵأëŴϢԼ״̬
ȵԼ״̬۷壬ϿԼҲһǹʱˮɵͻƵʦԲ硣


879 
ǹĹЧȷ죬ֱܹʦʿͻһС磬ϧÿֻܷһš
ҰҲˡԼٻҪѼĹ⾰С
ңΨн̤ʵصУΪӵʵĸ

ȻԽĺӳ֮Զ춯أ÷Ұ궼Ϊ֮һ塣
Ͽϲĵ˳
Ұɻѯʳν
Ͽϲɫؽ͵ӾӣǾ˵ذ˰֮еһƷ۷ǧ죬һʹһֵƷ챦ʹֵƷϵԿǰ
Ͽ΢ͣ£ּʱǧ죬벻˴ξȻֱҪһʱˡ
Ұɫ΢ֵƷ챦ƷƷ񵤣󣬻񹦣챦ǿǰһۡ
ȻȻжֵƷϵı˵бȻԽڶǿ߶ȥ
Ұ΢ЩɻѯʵΪ˵֣
ϿЦŵ֮ʱоѾһº󣬷ٰʱڡһУѻЯǰȥ˵ٻ֣Ҫ֪Ʒߣ߿϶ĶҪϿ϶ָı
ҰȻͷ˵֮μпֵܻ䡣
ƷˣҰɻѯʳ
Ͽ˫иֳһĨȵɫЩĽĵȻƷΨ񽫲ӵУв񽫶ղƷЩϣڶõģһƷ
ҰЩĿϿڲȡĽɽֵжô졣
ҰȡĽɽ۱̨֮УƷʮ˼˵ĽʤĶƷıˡ
뿪̩֮ǰҰĽַ뵽ֻһˣΪﵽ龳ȥ⿪ӡӶ
ҰУ̫ҡĻֻҪĽй¶ȥŽա
ƥﻳĵҰ׵ġ
ҰûнеƷȫĽУʮ棬Լ˰˼
Ұ˼ƷҪԷһҪΣգԱƷԵС
ϿеĻȥӿֳһĨɵɫ̾˿ᣬǿڶ࣬ѪħӦҲȥ֪ǵӣǻǲҪȥ
ȥΪʲôȥҰϸֳһĨõЦݣȴ˸űɱ
ϿŷҰɵĵѪħǸ񽫼ǿߣѾӵͨ»Ķ֡
ҰĿֱϿ񣬵һƷʦԲΪмɰտѪħһս
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ӣӣأǣȥɣѪħȥǾ֮أҰɱ
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ҰЦΣɱңͱˣ𴸣ʹ͸ˣʱǣһѪħ棬
˵ţҰһգһ񴸳У˸źɫâ͸һƷеĺѹ
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Ұ˳һף𴸾ͳϿ˹ȥϿһס񴸣ϳ˿ϲɫ𾪵ĵʹ͸ˣ
ҰȻЦŰɣʵǿˣܶиİҪѪħ棬һҪǣ
Ͽ߶𴸣ͼ˸һϺɫ׹âɢɽĺʵƲ㶼֮·ǱסƵġ
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ҰѣϿ޷ٰȥЦɿĻͲö˵ˣȰ˰ɣȻڶԵ֮ʱҲԷӳǿƷҲô׵顣
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ʮϿϣȫԼı͸ƶǿһЩ
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Ͽսڣ˴ս׼
ʱ󣬷ҰԶԶͿһĹųڰۣ֮ӡĴ͸һɹصĵϣʱһЩɽɳ
ڹųǵ¥ϣɷĿӵĴ֣


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ҰĿƺ켣תųϵЩ棬һвȱļ󣬵ҲԵֵסԲǿߺɵøǾȡ
ųǵĵ̣ǲν񰡡
ųЩ⣬÷ҰеΪ죬еǷθʿеϵ̵ĺУеǱ屾ޣħħޡ
ʿӡ
СȻˣʱҰϴһĺ죬ըһ㡣
Ұ̧ͷȥͼһƬѪգ񷶼סԼֱ
Ѫ֮Уһ굱ն෢Ѫ۷죬ոմѪ̳һ㣬͸һɹŹֵĸо
Ѫħ棡
˵װ磬ҰһӾͲ³˴˵
ڴ˴֣ųнλʿٱÿΨԼ
Ͽŭһϰĳ˸ŵ󣬵ڿ񱩵Ѫ֮Ƴȭȭͷ۳һͷ׿ʨ׵Ӱݺݵسѹ޾Ѫ˹ȥ
䣡
һ춯صĺѪɫ׵֮ĴŽϯ˷ѹų϶ʼ˸һơ
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ųԽԽˣÿ춼д߶ʿӿ뵽ų֮Уÿ˶ڣͲˡ
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ѪħѪ۴мͷ뿪ųǣŹѪʧߡ
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ҰݵĹ˹֣Цδ־;Ѫħ棬ԺЩС֮ضųҰˡ
Ұԣ񽫵ãɫ΢ЩŷҰ΢΢˵ͷĵûʵûǲҪţųǣҲܻһӡ
лѡҰ
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˵֮񽫵ӰʹųϿʧٴݷų֮С
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ҰΪѪħΪ󣬾ȻҵڶײѪħ棬ֵʶò˶ǳ͡
ϿŷҰ˴Ĵָ޵㻹ȻҽѪħѹһ仰Ҷ˵̫ˣ
ҰȻѪħ汰ϥѪħҲҪȻˣҺαػҪη񽫳֣Ҿͽˣһʱɣȵɥ֮ʱ
Ͽ࣬˶ΪҰ񽫵ͷűѪħ棬û뵽ҰȻ뽫Ѫħ浱£
ҰϿ̤뵽ų֮УʮĹת۾͹ųл۵ǿԽԽ࣬ᣬʼ


881 
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ͭϴ˿˿ƵɫĻжڣγɵڶ
ӣƷ۷еӣ
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Ұɨȥ񽫼ǿ߶ʮˣ񽫴Բľǿߣ
Ұа𾪣ųǣǵ񰡣Ϊ˳Уϧ˶񽫣ȷѪˡ
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Ʒ񾧣ֵϵһƷ񵤵ĵ׼ˣҵײḻģò䡣
ҰֵݸŮһָĵҸͿˣ衢ŮҪˡ
Ůֳһʶ̽ͼָоŰھЦȻĵ
ܿ죬ҰϿŮ뵽һУǰ˰ٰʮ˺š
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ĳܼ򵥣ӺݻĻƤɳһɫɫ
ǰ׼õģϧһЩ棬ڷҰϿ˵͸ͨˮˣǿڸ΢һЩˡ
Ҷ޵ķģ֣һܹʶá
Ұ˿еЩ󷨣ɵðҡҡͷ
Щܹ𵽵ޣܹһʦԲǿߵǣһЩӵʶǿ˵Щ󷨣ͬ衣
ҰԴΧľŴ챮ִ̧һħΪٴβһʶĴ
󷨽ħΪܣԷҰʶΪģɨһʶҰܹظӦǶԷȴ޷е
ϿҰüеҰֲһ¹ŹֵƣͼԶͣͲ򵥣ɵöڷҰ塣
Ұ͸ʯȥеʿѾռ˴󲿷֣н֮࣬ɵø̾ĳ֮ƴ

ӷһ֮ڶʿʶһ壬Һָƽ
ҰȥͼһվİŮվ˰̨ϣŮʿ̺֮ŻĻꡣ
ڰŮԱߣһչʾ̨չʾֱĵطһרŵ̨һɫСӣöռ۸ġ
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еʿ϶ûƷ˼ȴܹǼʶʶ棬ؿ۽硣
ϹǳǳЦݣһ崺һ㣬ЦһԭƷмۣⱦеѽĳЩ;ͬԡ
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882 
һƷӵķƷ˵ǷƷƷҲﵽ˶Ʒ۷壬ꡢɽӵ߳ɵ׼ʮƷ񾧣ÿμӼ۲һǧƷ񾧣Ľš
е˶ɵõһʮƷ񾧣˵ֱǸ֣һӶһܹô񾧡
׼ۣڶʿȴˡ
ʮǧƷ񾧣·жʱ˴˳ֱӽ۸ǧ
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ϿжЩ˷ܣ˵Ұʹ͸һƷ˼δתֶƷ۷ĴڣȻ޷ƽ
һͽ˸߷壬жһҵķΧ
ڵһƷ˵΢˵ˣһЩһƷ񵤡ҩͨĶƷȵȡ
ЩڷҰ˵ûʲô˵ɶǳ֣һƷꡣ
棬һƷɽӡ춯ٴԽҿһ̵ɴһɵķӡУӡ׾ɣ͸һɺس
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ʶ˲ɽӡȫʿվ
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ƷԳΪ֮
ɽӡ׼Ƕ٣¥̲סѯ˳
ɽӡƷ׼ʮƷ񾧣ÿһμӼۣһƷ񾧣ûӣɴ˵˳
ʮƷ񾧣
׼ۣõеڶʿΪ֮Ϣ˵ˣЩˣܳ۵ҲԲࡣ
Ұ˼һƷֵʹﵽƷˡƷĵ׼۽ʮƷ񾧣̫
ƷǳγɣҲƷļֵӸ߲£һ㶼һЩ춨ʱöãó
Ұħռ֮˿оƷĹء
жݵ֮ͣ󣬹˺˳ҳʮһڣɽӡҪˣ
ʮһھҪƷΰɣʮڣһﴫһϵ
ʮڣ˺˳
е˶üĪƺǾǺ֮ƵģһӼûеһƷ񾧵ģ·ֻһһ㡣
ҳʮڣиﴫһֱӽ۸˰ʮڴء
жһӶ˶ʮڣѹ˶һֽϢĸо
ʮڣźŹҵѳ۰ʮڣûиߵģƷɵãԳΪ֮ҪμӾĵǧҪĹĶš
ҳһƷȻһдһۻ
ٴγԭ۵ЩҲٸˡ
һƷͼֵƷˣһƷƷԴ˵ֵá
ٴιĶ˼ʵû˼Ӽֻۣһս
ɵĽУ󲿷ֶЩģҩŶƷۣҰһζδۡ
Щ濴ۡ
ʱƣƷβûһƷİڸ߼ֱۣ˰ʮںͰʮڵļ۸
棬ҪƷ񵤰ݽ׼ʮƷ񾧣ÿμӼ۲һڣĿʼٴ˵˳
Ȼǰݽ
벻λƷ
ӵаݽ϶ܹͻƵ񽫼ڶʦͷѪˣ

һ˴֮䶼С̸š
ʮڣ
ʮڣ
ʮڣ

һкӸдһ·۸ȥʮڵļ۸񣬱һǿߡ
һЩ֮ͨٴҪǱһҲıһ𣡺ʥ𣡡


883 ʥ
ʥһֵػ֮ھʮλĺʥ𣿣
꺣ףһˮ֮º̺ſ񱩣ǵֿ
벻Ȼ֣ǲа

Ļ䣬оͿʼҲ޷ƽ
𣬶κʿ˵˶뽫
̨ϣƿǰϵĺɴͼһСڰϣСһտɫ淭ǸСȻܹ̺ܵǹɻԵ
춯ٴ𣺡ʥͷشҶ˵ʢźʥСǸƷ۷ӡеı¶Ȼ֮ߣʥΡ
˵΢ͣ£ּ˵еĵѻ֮䣬໥ɣɱɸߵȼ𣡶ӵ˵ļֵߣ
ҰͷʱҲŹ˵ֻû˵ô϶
Ȼ֮໥ɣô⺣ʥ𣬷ҰڤͿԷӳ
ңɽӶлӡһְԾ𣬽ҲԽЩںһ
Ұų貲â³һ仰⺣ʥҪˣ
Ͽ𾪣ԷҰĵЩ˽⣬漰ûжĵ
ӣʥ׼۶٣Ȳѯ˳
ȻһЦʥҪҪͬȼֵıҪ񾧡ʥ׼һƷӼ۵ʱ񾧼ӼۣǿһƷĻϼ󡢵ҩر֮ࡣһǳߣֻҪʥ⣬Ǿܹõ⺣ʥ𣡡
еڶʿ˷һֻҪһƷģκ˶пܵõ⺣ʥ
ڣ۰ɣܸɴ˵˳
һƷһƷ۷񽣣˺˳
һƷһƷֵʦһ˺һ۸
һƷһе鱬˸һ۸

еڶʿ죬ļ۸һ˵ˣⲻϷ
һƷӸոĵĲɽӡոǸۻ𣬾ȻĵĲɽӡѹȥˡ
еڶʿоϢ΢ͣ˻ǲƴ֣ΪֺʥƷѹˡ
ǣ۸񣬺ʥûɿڵ˼
ҰȻڣƷ
ٴλȻƷƷ񾧣
ոǸ˳ļ۸ѾܸˣҰֱӶһƷеٴ߷塣
Ǹﴫһ֮һɺƴʶǵضȴҰµĴ˿޷̽鵽Ұ˿Ϣ
ĵСӣ˭ѾҷŭˣҾ񽫿еĶûܶߣ
ҰĮĵΪһû֣񣬻Ҫıˣ
Сӣ㻹˷ŭһƴǸгѹĴеڶʿһϢĸо
񽫣УٷжȻһгɱͬںƵġ
ɰԾϢ֮£ҲٷһԼ˻ݺݵҧãУǾͰеĹҳƷӲɽӡһСӣټӼ۰
Ƭ̣ʥ˵ˣƷ࣬ıʮ˺ŹҵĵѾƷˣûиߵģ
ȻʻĿȴ˷ҰڵĹϣϣҰܹӼۡ
ҰûмżӼۣƷ֮Ҳʹ˱¶ǰҪһּﵽ޵Ĵ
СӣôӼˣ㲻Ǻܴ𣿼Ӽ۰ûǮͱװͷһﴫ񽫵ĳ
Ұǲ˵
ĿŷҰڵĹңټĺţƷһΣûмӼ۵ģмӼ۵Ŀ˰ûˣ𣬿ɲκʱܹõİ
СӼ۰ô𣿡񽣼
ҰȻû˵
ƷڶΣٲӼ۾ͳ˰ҪʥѣھĻˣĺš
ƷҰƺ˺ܴź˳жʱ
Ʒ˰ٰʮ˺ŹҵѳƷûиߵģ˷ܵĴУĿ˾ڵĹϣϣ񽫼Ӽۡ
񽫷ŭĽӶˣߵļ۸ˣ
Ұ˹˳ôӼˣ㲻ǺװûǮװͷô𣿡
еڶʿȻЦЩǸով˵ҰȫҲܡ
Сӣ̤ųһһ֮أ۴УǼɵųǵʵὫиƷ
ɱҵ񽫿ɲֹһǾųɡҰĮĻӦ
ٴκ˼Σûٳߵļ۸ֻʥĵǷҰ
ʵ۸Ǻģû뵽۸ز
ҰƷȡʥ𣬴Ͽһ𣬴뿪ųǡ


884 
ҰϿո뿪ųǣظӦһɰʶԼɨ˹ȥʶеǳϤѪħʶ
ţҰָܵһʶɨǾ񽫣
񽫼ǿ߶ס˷ҰųǵķΧж֣ȫʶ˷Ұ
ųǸֵĻһҰʲôֶΣӻصųǣǰˣǶ׼ȵҰ뿪ųԶٶ֡
ųϣ񽫰ҡҡͷҰųǣѪħ滹ҷڷҰҡڵ뿪ѪħԲŹġ
в˶֪ĺʥ𱻷ҰĵˣҰҹ뿪ָڷҰȥ²ⷽҰ군ˡ
вٺ߶ԶԶҪҰʲôҸ񽫽а塣
ǿɲҿ̫һ񽫵ҪảʥģǵСͲˡ
ȷҪͬʱ񽫣Ͽȭͷ߬ɿǳĲƽ
Ұ˫˸һĨս⣬ЦŵͬʱҲʲôİɣûʸǣԺĴսأѧӦͺá
ҰϿûΣڰ¼Ѥõķɺ磬ʧԶٶޱȡ
Сʱ֮󣬷ҰϿͷɵʮһƬɽһߣĹϵϢ
С飬óˣһըװ죬ҰǰһѪˣնѪħӰѪ֡
ҰϿڰͣ½ŲĿⲻܵӭѪħ棬ĵѪħ㻹ΪԶˣϴֹҾ죡
Сӣ㻹ǲ֪ߵغξ¡ΨһĵӣɱȥΪɣѪħϳ˱ŭѪ˷ɷŷҰϿ޹⣬ʧɫ
Ͽ񣡡ҰĿתƵϿϡ
Ͽ̤ͷϰɫ˸ŵƣһգ𴸳УĺɫâϺɫ͸һɾ춯صѹ
ƷѪħ澪ϲĴг
ˣϿһȫΪȫע뵽е棬϶ʱһϺɫâ糱ˮ㳯ŹѪϯȥ
̡
һˮڰѪۿɼٶٴγ֡
ϿŭХһϵϺɫâڰн֯һصķģԶȻһɺƴѹؼ֮ٻ۶ϵܸӺ嫡
һа֮ĿǣϿʩչطٻף˲佫ѪΪޡ
׺ͣЪǵصĳѪħӿ˹ȥ
Ѫħɫ΢䣬һѪ
ѪħĴȣƬضƺһѪɫ͸һɴ̱ǵѪζ·ƬضѪǵġϿ񻯳ǹ׺֮УҲһѪɫ졣
ҰĸӦƬؼ䶼һصƺرӵеģϢĳ͸ƺڵѪҺñ
Ѫħͨ
Ұһǧħ֮ǿƵĽ͸ڵа˳ŹĻ⡣
ϿҲӦ˲Ծȫɫûϴһսףսʱ׹ʱѪ鲼ڵǹа
ףѪ벻ѪħҲһۻһߴ󺺳ڷҰУ󲽳Ŵ˴
񽫣
˵Ұûмˣ˲䣬Ұж˳˱Ǿ񽫡
Ѫħٴγ֣˲侯˫Ŀž񽫣ɭȻҵ飿
һгһڵĹӣͷ͸һӿѹ
ӣҲһƷ
˫ĿѪħ棬ĮĵУС·ɱ˳ʥҾˣʲôв飿
Сϻкʥ𣿡Ѫħйâ
ϵļ£ΪΪѪħסҰΪǺʥû뵽ѪħͲ֪飡
֪ˣôҲ˵ʥġ
ǣѾ˵˳ֻǿӲĵѪħȰñʥ⣬Ҿ㳢ӵ
ѪħĿ˸ЦãʥģСϵҵģ㿴Σ
񽫵ĿⲻĴϿɨϿнյǱ𴸣Ŀⲻɵ£û뵽ϿϻһƷ
ּɵѪħһۣãô˵ˣ
ѪħȻûƷѪħͨǳĹŹ֣εĿľǺʥ𣬵ǲѪħƴơ
ַ䷽ʽҲͬ⡣ʥҵģжҲҵģҰͻأ΢΢˸ѱɫһɫ׹


885 
ҰŵĻѪħ;񽫶£û뵽ҰĿſ
С֣㻹治֪ߵغģϻЦһͷľתŷһħƺֱ쳹˵ƵģһĲ߽ꡣ
ںľΧһõӰħƹơ
ҰüеĻҡҷӳ˿˿ƵĻ⻪飬ħڣ޷˿Ӱ졣
ѪѪħһƬ֮ٴһ޵ѪɫʣһɹصŷҰϿ˹ȥ
һ֣˿ԼˣȻҰϵıǶۺˣΨҹζ࣬ҪȫɱҰ
ҰĿ˸һĨɫâȻ׵ζɣ
ԱϣҰеǵɫ׹ˢһû뵽ǿһӣжһѹֵƺʲôص˳
˲両ֳһƬɫ׹⣬׹Ŀݱһ׵󣬴ɱһеİ·ɽڡ
׽𣿡ѪħʧؼѪ˹ȥεرڡ
񽫸ɴ࣬ˢһٻؾӣͷ˿˿Ƶĺɫ⻪γһɫ֡
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һ£Ѫħ;ȫڣ񱩵мŻصѪзŰ񽫵ľúѡ
׵ĹԵǿᣬһǿĹаɱ
Ѫħ۵Ѫѩڣ񽫵ľĹ⻪Ҳ
ȵʵɢѪħ;񽫶ǱĳڰУһɱȻŷҰ
С벻Ȼϵͨͨıض޷ٴʩչɣѪħһѪгһͷѪɫħצĳŷҰ˹ȥ
ƥ붯ȹһأϿŭһͷϰɫ˸ž⣬е׺ޱȵĳѪħӭ˹ȥѹնںѣǿƶԵ
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Ѫɫħڰײһ춯صĺ·ɽžҡβѣǷ˵Ƶġ
ѪħϿսĻᣬ񽫿˷ҰЦСӣ֮ͨӦúɣģһµģ
Ұִ̧һƬɫӿŽڣƺǣǺе޾ǳþ񽫵ٶ˲仺
ռ֮񽫾ĿӿֳһĨ𾪵ɫ
ҰһգԵ쵶УҰڵÿһëжħŭ֮쵶һ㻮ưգžն˹ȥ
ȫͨӣƴԼǰ
ﬣ
һ쵶Ծĺھ棬񱩵еһƣһɽΪƽء
쵶ƷڶƷ۷壬˴Ѫ쵶ӵƷʸ
ײ񽫴ӷҰĻΪͨ˳Ŀ˸űɱɭȻСӣѵȻܹƷӲӲҪˣ
ҰĮĻӦԭ쵶֮£ǺãԸ
СӣҲٸˣնŭһȫľȫ˳˶ΪһɫħУգۼ䵽˷Ұǰ
ҰٴνΪεͨ˳ž˹ȥ
ռ֮ȷ£֮Ϊ̫ˣ˷ҿ㻹סңħдһ
ͼħΧ˿˿Ƶħ⣬ƺǲͬдƵģħоǴµͶӰƬɵпٴҰ
۾ˣҰһƬɵжȻӿһƬɫ·ǴԶŴħзС
ħоţȴ޷ѳ·뵽ʱ֮Уĵʱ֮ôܣ
Ұе쵶ٴλưգžնȥ
ͷľӿתӿһɫƺǴӾĵһ㣬ɫŭǿǷɱңûôף
ҴӦ쵶֮£˵ҰĮ쵶ϸֳһɫűȽ֯Ϣݺݵسžնȥ
ֽƵģ쵶֮˲䱻Ϊ룬쵶ӿٵĳžն䡣
ϻһ졭һ仰δ˵꣬ͱ쵶ǿƵΪ룬Ƭʬ׹ȥɢ
һ񽫣ʹ䣡


886 ں
ҰֻǸʦڵʿȴնһ񽫣
Ѫħ濴һĻɵͷ񽫱Ϊ񽫵ʱ仹Ҫ񽫶ˣϵս˲ʧӰ٣ϵĳԶ˹ȥ
ڻߣҰһ˸űɱһʧڰգٳʱ͵Ѫħǰе쵶Ծն¡
ѪħſѪѪȼգ˶ΪһѪ˷ӹȥ
ҰٴθֳһĨɫ׹⣬˲ٴν޾·ȫΪһƬ׺Ѫ̵ĻΪޣҰͼһѪӰٳԶȥ
ҰĬߵͨ˲䵽ǵѪӰǰ棬̽ȫΪɫǵѪӰĻ˹ȥ
ϲ֣֮
飡
Ұϲ֮صĻѪӰ֮ϣѪӰʱ鿪Ϊһʧؼ䡣
ʣµѪɫӰޱȣҷΪѪħӣϲ˾ֵɫǳСӣŹң飬ʹգ
ڻв㻹ûʵ·ҰǹճһĨЦе쵶߸߾һɲɫơ
ۣ
쵶ն£Ѫħ׼ն˳ȥѪȾ˰ա
Ѫħͷ­г룬ȴһɫסһҵĽܿ챻ڤճޡ
ԶЩųǸֵʿŸոոԶԶͿҰն񽫵һĻŵöٿˣһĿж˼ɵɫ
Ȼն񽫣ϿŷҰ˴Ĵָ֮ɫ
߰ɣҰ˵ĴָкϿһ˿뿪˵ء
ɳ󣬷ҰϿһΪīĹϳǳǰͣϿһ˽ȥ
Ұ˸ջһͥԺԼͥԺвµƣ˳׸ϿһָЦϿȥȥ°ݽĵֻҪ۸񲻳м۵ʮ
Ͽӹָעһ˿ʶ֮ʱɴ۾ԾĵʮƷݽĵòô࣬һ£һƷͿˣں֮УҲֵƷòôƷ
Ұİ˰֣Űɣһ죬Ҳ̫ףЩƷʲôˣǵĿ꣬ǧ磡
Ͽصصͷָоþ޷ƽ
һƷֵͺһƷ࣬ҰֱӸʮƷκӣϿǸж
ϿתȥҰڱ֮ڱչأҪҡ
ϿŷҰ˹֣뿪ͥԺ
ȵϿȥҰԼƵ˳롣
ҰƣӡĴħܶģԵס񽫴Բǿߵʶ̽ĸӦ
ڶ֮УҰųĺʥ˳ʥװǸС֮Уɫ棬͸һȶֲ
ʥһˮ֮һֵػ֮ʮţʮֻ֮ʮˡ
ֻ棬ȻȲڤ棬Ҳһֲɶõ
Ұǰĺʥƻ̯һĵĻиֶɢűĺ⣬ڤ棡
ڤһ־ʹһ˷ܵ跽ҰƣͳǸװźʥİС˻˹ȥ
̻űİС˲ڻޣڤһӽʥڡ
ʥڤ·ţʱϻ𷭹ʱ欣ѽѷ֡
ҰһĬ˾תԼľȫ뵽ڤ֮УʱڤȼյĸӾң񷭹һ£ʥ𳹵װס
ιڤĲŽ
ʱڤɫ䵭࣬ɫ˺ʥ֮˵ɫңڤɢǹɺҲûôˣˮº͡
ǣҰȴܹܵݷǻصԭڤ滹Ҫǿö࣡
ڤɫˣ⵭ˣ̺ȴǿˣ̺һʵĻ棬ԭʺ
ֻڤͺʥںһĻ棬ҰΪֻȡ˸֣ʥ
ҰԼ쵶ʥпٶϵļһ쵶ԽԽλ
ڵʥڤǿö࣬ڻٶҲ࣬Сʱͽſȫ뵽쵶֮С
쵶һӹһλðĹʣ͸һնصİһ³صϡ
쵶ڳΪһƷ
Ұ΢΢ЦЦںϺʥһֵػ֮Žǰʮˣ
Ұ쵶һڵɽӶ˳
ɽӶһƷ۷滹ӡһֲ֪õ÷ҰɽӶҲһֱ޷á
ʥ𣬱ٳһ
ҰʥճһطģӡɽӶ棬ɽӶͨ
ɽӶдһʥǿҪǿ̫ˣʥҲҡҡ׹
ҰٻһһķģĿ£ɽӶڿն𣬶ǻƿƳһϸ΢ķ϶һɻص͸յնŤΡ
ҰϽջʥɽӶٴλָԭ״
Ұ࣬ɽӶеȫƶñ
ոշҰδɽӶܹظӦʥڶʱڷӳɽӶɱڵǿߣ񽫺ں񽫴ԲǿҲв
Ұĵ˵ͷɽӶʥ𣬺ȻӦʧԭأԺ֮С
ϿŶ룬ϰɫңϹѪŷҰĵҸ˰ݽ֮ȴˣ˻նһֱۣҵĴָҲˡ
Ұ˳ֽһʦϿУĿ˸űĹΪ
ʦ̺֮ŰһּӿٶȵƷ񵤣ͬźǿĹЧ
Ͽɫ΢ÿ˵㣬ٵصҸ׵ʱڹ棬û֪ҶطסκòһϿȷ˳ֵġ֮˵ΪӦڣҿ𴸻ͻزˡ
ҰֱӽһƿʦϿ񣬳ţھʹȥ
Ͽ֪ҰƷ񣬶ԵҩҲʦȥڵƿٻָš
ϿЩɵĵ֮˷ǳƻҲδǺΪֻƲ˳ֵġ
Ұ˫Ŀ˸űɱĵİɣֵĴָҵϢ棬ûڶʱڳĨһѭŶǸָĸӦȥöָУǾͱ
Ͽ뵽Ұն񽫵һĻĿг˿ȵɫ
ʦϿΪƺܿͻָ߰˰ˡ
ҰԼĶ𣬴Ͽһ𣬴뿪ͥԺ


887 ɱ
īųǣһС
һʿһöָϳ˷ܵɫĵСϾȻжʮƷο׬ˣ
ʿԱߣһ΢ֵĽϽŴ˹˹֣ЦϲִˣֻҪЩϽţſ϶¸񹦺Ʒ񵤣ִµΪҪһ¥ˣ
ִЦ۾ĵ˵ͷʦֶҲСʱһʵϱţҲάġƹʱҲˣ˵˵С
ϲǾͻִˡСΪһŰݽĵȻóƷҵʱͲ²Ͽ϶иƷ͸Ͻϱ˼ҡֻǣҲû뵽Ȼжʮ֮֮࣬ϲ
ִ糤ɽ룬Се׿ʨ󻹶óһԵƷˡˣ֪֪Сʲô
ڴ˵Ҳһȷͷ׿ʨԺڻͷͷɽû׿ʨ壬ͷ׿ʨϵϢҲȫͬ
ִ΢΢ЦЦطͺãСӶǰҩҲûʲôͷ
ֵ׿ʨΪ˹ݽĵһǸƷ̽Ʒ񵤵ơ
ִµ˵ͷ΢ЩϧĵҲֻɣƷ񣬵ʶһλƷ񡣿ϧˡȻĻǰ˵ܶһλƷ񡭡
ִµһ仰δ˵ͼΧеӿһɫظӦһ
ߣȻ˸£ߣȥִһοʧԭء
ɫҲÿڻִº˳ȥ
Уһ̨˵ĵڵϣҩġҩɢһأһԲʹİţŮŵöڽУҲ
ҰϿվ룬ϿڷҰָ£ڶһ沼˴ǽںңϵķһƵĺ
ҰϿе֪֮󣬱ϿһѭŴָķλѰ˹ҰܹӦָǽ֮
ϿѾȷˣطݽ
īų֮Уﵽ񽫾Ķֻ࣬жʮˣ󲿷ֻ񽫳ڵļһ
īųǸųûȣīųǵΪߣŽǸ񽫺ڵļһû취÷Ұ̫˼ɡ
Ͽֵط۸ˣҰɲôֱ࣬ӾͰˣϿҡ
ԶΧ˿ֵˣǶ֪ĺ̨ߴ֮еİڣ˸ڰڵĲҵҰǵжֻɫ
ҰΧ˹֣λҰλֵܸոһֵ⣬Ȼ·ɱֵܡҿֵܻеʵӵһڣΪֻظϣλ֤
Ⱥжʱը˹ҰģҶԿ˳֣ǶһΣС԰Ҳôˡ
ͬʱҲܺ棬Ǹʲôɣôû˵
ŵֻǸʦڵļһֹǲ֪ߵغ
ѵŵļһͲ֪ǰڵҵ˾͸ǳţ»
ҰɣϿҵǽϵĴһӰ˲ǿƵĳϿ˹ȥ
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һʿڳУǱʿϲŭݡ
ʿĺ棬һ΢ֵĽٸ˳
٣ˣڿϳˡԶֻЦ
Աߵ˭ѯʡ
ǻǫǿߣ˵Ϊﵽڣ治֪һƾʲôµġո˵Ц
ǫһҰظӦĴָڴϡ
Ǵ˽ɱҵģȻòϢһܹϸӦϿߺ޵ŻǫټĳŷҰ˵˳
Χ۵˶ҡҡͷϿǸʦԲǿߣڱɱ֮󣬾Ȼ˸ʦڵҳӣǶоϿڽҰơ
Ұ˵ķӦһĿڻǫϣĵ֪ҸӦ˴ָϣҾ㱨𣡡
ǫɱȻĶŷҰϿʶȴܿŷҰϿ˾͸ɱٲ̽ΧǷǿǱ
ܿ죬ǫͲ̽ϣȻɻ󣬵ٷ
ǫԼͷųǵصӿҰϿ£ң˭ָʹ춼Ҫ
ǫĻδ£ѸĳŷҰ˳˹ٸϿ˵Ļᡣ


888 ϴһ
ǫֳ̧ƣгһ֣еݺύ֯ƺһɽӣһƬʵѹ
ǫ˴ûǿߵֺ飬ҪһҰϿɱ˵
ҰȻ̧ͷų貵âڵÿһëжħ֮쵶ȻʣһĨѤõĵ⣬ʽն˹ȥ
ǫΪڣϿʵӲһУҰҲǽħ˳ֽ쵶֮Ÿӭ
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Χһ涼ģɿ񱩵˸ųѤõĹ⻪ƺﵽܹܵļһ㡣
Ұһǫ΢΢£ڷҰʵ¹ƣĿжһĨصɫ
ܹһ˵ҰӽƷˡ
ǫĿŷҰȻǣ񽫶ǾͨǿߣҪҶǳ룡ħ֣
Żǫ£ǫΧΪһħ֣ǵصĳŷҰѹ
ͨҲᣡҰЦһ쵶˫ȫΪɫϲֶ֮˳ܵӭųһħĻ˹ȥ
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һĺ촫ҰӲڹħдһͨڶħ˳
һ࣬ϿĻе𴸣׹⣬ΧħֶڰС
ڷҰǣס˻ǫĴ󲿷ϿҲӻǫħѳ
Ǹ΢ֵƹϢĳŷҰϿ֣Ͽ𴸣ų﹥˹ȥ
ﱾΪǫ֣϶ֵû뵽ǰһĻȫҪ͵ϮҰȴϿ֣˼ҵĴսһ
Ǵսҵʱ򣬷ҰѾ˻ǫǰ棬ǫжһ쳤ǹǹâҰȫȫڡ
ҰԻǫĹᣬ϶ȻһɫĹ⻪Ϊεͨ˳
ǫӦԼ뵽һƬ֮Уɫ΢΢ˣüжȻһɵذףޱȵĽΧɫ⻪նһͨûǫ
ҰĿ΢벻⻪ǫȻܹŪרŹıͨҪ֧ţذ֮£û취̫á
Ұҡҡͷٴν¶˳ɫͻɫ˴˽֯ʱͿռ½ǫڵ
ǫԸеڵȸղŴö࣬ǱɫذףҪٴƿ
ɫذ׵ĹЧϧƷ̫ڶƷ۷壬ڶʱƿʱ֮֯
Ұٸˣе쵶ǿƵն£ٶѸңû˿ĳɡ
飡
Ȼӻǫӿһ֣Ӳ˷ҰԾһǫεػڡ
Ұüë΢ǻ
ǫϳ˾ɫӵһѾ촦ˡû뵽Լ֮
Ұе쵶ٴ𣬻ǫŵɫټĵ㲻ɱңǰڵִ£ɱңڲŹģ
Ұ΢ͣ£е쵶Ըٶն£ǫܵĹâѿ˼ϸ΢ѷ졣
ҶŵĹ˿Ͱº֣ǰڵˣҲҪĳӣҰȳе쵶˿ͣ٣ǿƵնڻǫܵ档
꣡
һشǫһȻѣܵǵ˲ɢ
ҰһУһöָӻǫڳҰһС
ֵܵĴָŵĶӡǣ԰ĵµˣҰ䣬ǫͷ­˳ȥȻ˺Ȼͻں޵ɫ
ǫһĻŵøεѣϿƵˡ
ҰǫĴָѹһĿɨ˳ϣȻΪƹ񣬼ԵԹ˿ͳ֣Ҳ·ɣ
ﱻǫ˵ŲԵĵҵ飬ǻִָҸɵģĴɱˣһжԹ˽ˣûϵ
벻ȻֵطѹкöѶҲûֹǱɱˣ
Űɽ֪˶ˣߵ˰ɣ
Ĳҵ𣿡
ԺǧҪעˣܸڵҵ

Ⱥпʼ׷һʼΪҰϿֻƵģû뵽Ǳˡ
Ұе쵶һΪ룬˹˹֣թ˿ͣжԹ˿º֣Ҫָϣ֤
Ұ˵꣬Ͽһ𣬽һڷŵҩĵܡڻҩĵĲֿ͸ָȫʰָ֮УƬ֮󣬾ͽϴһա
ߣҰкϿһ˴пȥ


889 ʦ
ҰϿ뿪īųǶ÷
Թ˿º֣öԷɱƣһһīųϯĿɽڶŶˡ
˶ڷ׷״˵йŵ飬ǻû˵
ΣӽԺŵͷΧ˿ȥ
жǳڴ֪ĸĳСӸıѹθɾھԲưոݵģǶ뿴ڵ׻ʲôӦ
ڵ͵֪һϢǱӶˣǵҲ𡣵ǣô˵ҲǰڵҵиԹ̽¡
ĩˣΧ޽ǸԵǫͳֻǰڵİ࣬๼ڽ᳹ҵžƵ鷢
ǣ˽ҩĺ͵ҩﶼϯһգҲŹ֣ǷҪ׽÷ҰϿ
īųֵ÷зʱ򣬷ҰϿͳ嵽ʮ֮һãɽУҲ֪ʲôط˸ɽȽȥ
Ұ򻯰ħɽУŷĵϿɽУϹЦ⡣
ǽˣõٿƷ񵤣ǧŶƷһƷ񵤣ҩĸʤ
Ұصģǻǫöָ
öָ֮УҰڵƷ񾧣Ʒ񵤵ĵһܹͻƵ񽫼ʵİݽһܹٶȴ񽫵
֮УҰûвƷ񵤴ڣںƷͣӲˣûƷ񵤵ĵٳ޷ΪƷ
˵ΪƷֻǳ顣ƷƷҪҪ١
ǿɷˣϿ񼤶޷ѣǾȻһһѶˡ
Ұڶҩ£ָ˳ֶϿ񣬵ЦЩ񵤺񾧣͵սƷˡ
Ͽ񼤶ĽӹָҰĿг˾⣬ڵƷ񾧺ڶ൤ҩ˵;ˣϿеǳ֪㡣
ûҪ̫ԺĺôࡣҰȻ΢ЦǲΪ⡣
Ͽѹĵ׵ļļһ˵ǵĺ̨ǰڣʵĻ°ڲưոݡ
Ұ˵ͷ·߹հƣ;µϢȫĨκκۼǴɽ֮Уǰߴ֮һҪɽҵҲڴ롣
Ұ˵꣬ĿΧһȦΧ򻯰ħݻĸӸЩЦΪ˷ֹⷢרżӹ󷨣Щ⣬Ա֤ǵϢ˿йǲġ
ϿͷڷҰäĿΡ
Ͽһ԰ŪŴָһſصڣƲҲ̫ˣһŰݽûУ̫ڶˡ
ҰЦ֪ҪͻƵ񽫾磬ȵԼ״̬ĸ͵˰ݽĵִеõ˽ٸݽϣҪ˶þܹƳݽʱͿһͻƵ񽫾ˡ
Ͽ𾪵ĵɴ˫ۣʶĵͷѡҰȻҪưݽһռӣһΰĸо
ҰϿԶȥԼɽΪԭ˺ܴĽͻƵʦڣȻȥ
Ͼʵһеı֤
תת֮£ҰеڳԼ۶ڵÿһѨжħ֮ٹ뵽ڣѸٵתԼ
Ұ뵽ľ֮УһſŵʦҪǮĶ뵽УӲϡ
º󣬷ҰԼһϸ΢죬ƺʲôƵģеǿö࣬ڵÿһ缡жòһǿĸоȻ
ʦڣ
µĿ̿ҰˮɵĴﵽʦڣԵɱ䡣
Ұݽ񽫵ĵӡԺУϸһÿһϸڶӡԺУƷ񵤳š
Ұ񶦼˳ֽʥУһļҩͶ뵽ʥ֮УʥƮļҩ˲仯Ϊ˷ɻҡ
Ұҡҡͷʥ¶̫ǿ̺һˮϵºҪƿصľ΢ҪϵϤС
Ұһ˷ѵҩ֮󣬺ܿͽʥյʹָ
ݵأҰóᴿںϡȲɵĽţҲûгκβˮɵĽݽ˳ĵνӳɻԡ
Ұڵ쳣ǿֽʥеİݽ˳õݽʮĿš
Ȼ󣬷Ұֽ񽫵ĲҲ˵ҩûпݽߵ󣬵õ񽫵ʮſš
ҰأֱӶϿŰݽЦԺĴսúܣʵҪȥ׼ͻưɡ
Ͽӹݽϳ˿ϲɫ
ȻƳƷ񵤣
Ʒ񣬾Ƿ֮УҲǵλߵĴڣ


890 쳾
ݽܹʦͻƵ񽫾ļʣ񽫴ԲʿһŶѣҰֱӸϿţȻּ
ϿŷҰŰݽһԣʱ䣬״̬۷塣
Ϊ˷ֹⷢϿŰݽ̷ȥʿŭţƷƬϿա
Ұ򻯰ħȫȻ赲׽ٵǷҰΪ׽ȫĴĳɳռҲޣϿ
׽ٽ£׽ٸҰ׽ȣǾͲ̫Զˣ񽫼Ľ׻ûзҰʦĽײС
ɽϿֳԭΣ˺ۣѪ߰ߣŰݽ治һܹȹ١
Ͽɽϣ׽ٵˣȫ¶һ׺ƣ޽١
СʱϿƾһٴλΪΡ
Ͽһʱɵ˷ҰǰϿл֮
Ұ˰֣ЦûǼ񽫵츳Ҫ̤뵽񽫾Ҳ顣
Ͽ׷ҰڰοԼҪǿԼͻƣҪͻƵ񽫾磬Ҳðˡ
ˣϿѵʲôͨҰѯʳ
Ͽ˷ܵĵ쳾
Ұµĵʾһҿ
Ͽ˵ͷԨƺ׵˴˽֯ƣǧ쳾Ƶģƺܹ˵궼ȥһƵġ
Ұ͵ĵͨӰ󣬺úоһԺԻһɱ
ҰͣϿ˵ĺϲ£͡
Ͽ׷Ұʵɲ⣬ͻƵ񽫾磬ڵҲԶԶȲϷҰܵõҰͣͷǳˡ
ǰҪҵˣһϣֻҪסǣÿ˶ܹõһ񽫵ԶȻһ˷ܵ񽫼ǿ߳ŷҰڵλó˹
ϿЩԾԾԵɫոͻƵ񽫾磬ȥԼʵ
ҰĿĮų񽫣ְɡ
Ͽոնɽ֮ʱҰͷ⼸һ͵͵ԶҰżһﲢûзϣû뵽⼸һﻹҶǳ֡
ϿŭХһֱӽ𴸼˳漤ŵ׹⣬һΡȻĴƣӭ񽫳˹ȥ
ϿͻƵ񽫾磬֮ʱԶȵǿ̫ˡϿһͷޣͻƵ񽫾֮ʵĸࡣ

籩
ڤ֣
ձ̿

һŭ񽫸ԷҵĹٽϿΧ£ڣһݺХȫϿк˹ȥ
쳾Ͽһƣ֯һƬ޾ĺ쳾Ϣ
쳾ʩչʱȫĳһɲǵĴͣһɲǵĻᣬϿеҴգٵ˾һǰ
Ǹ񽫸ոմӴлָͼһ˸Ͻɫ׹пٷŴŵֱðüпٳһƣҲֳһҫ۵ĺɫ֣ͼһ
ǣ𴸱ɱ޴һƷϿǲִӦսֵܹ
䣡
һƵĺϿһӽǸһĶҸϡãԸٶǸ񽫡
Ǹܵĵƺֽһ㣬һöû𵽣ԴϿҿ˻
һ񽫣ʹ䡣
ͬ񽫣ͨͬʵ֮
ϿոɱǸ񽫣һ־͵󣬸սķ˳ȥȳһѪ
˵ĹҲˣϿʱæңϱкü£ҿǿЩһıֶǶƷӲ
Ͽͬʱ񽫣ոնɱһȴͬʱͲܹмܵ˵ˡ
ϿеҴһƬ򣬶ʱһĵתŵԼͷҪԼͷ­ɳȥ
ҰӰͻأĳڳУԼǧħ֮ȭͷųâһȭеǶ̿ڰС
ԶиܵɣſѪĿ⺧ȻҰ
һӣͼҰӰʧڰУδӦͼһѤõĵʶ뵽˻֮С
ɱ񽫣
ʣµĴ񽫿ҰĿж˺ȻɫҰգۼɱһ񽫣Ƕеһַĵ׵𺳡
𺳣ɱȸղϿɱһλ񽫴ǵҪǿҵö࣡


891 
һʦڵĲŵѲΪӦ͵Ϯˣעû⣡ϢѾ˰ڵ泤ϣҪ˶ͻ֧Ԯǣи뷢԰׵ߴټһɫԼͷ˷̬
ոշҰĶ̫죬ǸûпҰնɱλŵѵģҰøεѣһҪĳ嶯
ԣһֶݺݵҧҧΧס˷ҰϿ񣬵ȴ˷̬ΨٱҰ͵Ϯ
ҰնɱǸ֮󣬾վУûм֣Ͽʾ¡
Ͽ׷Ұ֣ЦųĴ񽫹˹ȥ쳾ݺᣬĴ֮سɱϤԼͨͱϡ
зҰһԻĴ񽫶񶼷˷ҰϣϿıһǱޱȡ
ûãҰɨԶ΢΢üͷȵǿеˣýˡ
ϿҰָʾķϸӦһŸӦһ޵ԶٶϸѸӦĵ
Ͽа𾪣Ұ껹ǿ󣬱һ񽫶Ҫǿö࣬Ͽûзǿ֮ǰ͸Ӧˡ
Ĵףһϲޱȣصֵǣ泤ѾˣټƬ̾Ϳˣ
ǻʱ乻õˣ·ˣҰĮϴһƬɫ޾ǳϵһ˲佫Ĵ񽫶ڣǻΪεͨ
ʲôռͨĴȫĿгŵɫ
ҰȻֳһƬ󣬳֮⣬гֵʮȫٴθֳ
⻹ǷҰ״ںнضóйأʱزԻֻԻʮ
ĶЩ𣬸ӵĹλã͸ѹƷ۷̺࣬һصĵϡ
Щ֮⣬ҰлڶĻţƺҲǸȴ쳣ģ
ɱҰһħǹϽޡͼͺ˪ӰһֱĴϮɱȥ
һʱ֮䣬Ϲ죬Ӱ˪ʸļƺ̺һرԴļ֮£Ĵ񽫵ķһ㡣
ħǹһ񽫺Ͻ޻ĵƽһ񽫸ѳƬͼһճɻҽ˪Ӱһ񽫶ɱ
ת֮䣬Ĵ񽫾䣡
Ͽ񿴵Ŀɿڴ֪ҰǿҲû뵽Ұ֮ǿ˲ɱĴ񽫣ֱ͸һ㡣
Ҫ֪ҰΪŽʦڣ
Ұ˵ĴָȫһۻıԶԶҰ
ҰͷȥͼһŻɫ۵ӿٳܷ棬նյŤΣɱڵĳŷҰɱ˹
ҰظӦ˴˵Ϊ񽫺ڣ˵ΪȷҰһ󾳽磡
Ͽŭ쳾ȫʩչ˳ֻӶ𴸣Ǹɫ۵ӹɱ˹ȥ
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һ޴ĺǸŻɫ۵ܵĻ𺣻۳һ޴ȭͷݺݵϿϡ
Ͽ˶˳ȥ;һʺѪҺȾ˱̿ա
ϿոͻƵ񽫾磬񽫺ڵǿȣмĲ࣬Ӳ֮£ȻӵĶ֡
Żɫ۵ɨϿһۣԸٶȳŷҰɱ˹ȥ˷ΪһƣײеĳŷҰĻ˹ȥ
һ񽫺ڵǿߣҰҲеǳѹڵսѪƺһɹħ֮ڴ쵶߸߾նǻӡ
䣡
쵶һ𣬿񱩵·һɽͶΪƽء
ҰٸһɴֵУ岻ܿƵĵ˳ȥ˿˿ѪĿиֳһĨصɫ
񽫺ڱǿ̫ˣҿħ󲿷ȫжȻĻ³Ͽǿ
վӸµŷҰɭȻҰҰµţӵǲС죬ӥǣΪҰϴˢ
ҰĿ˸˼£кܿ˼ƽϡ
˴Ѿ¶֪Ƿɳ˵ȥӻս뿪
Ұˢһ˵ϿߣߵͨʩչϿһ𣬿Զ˹ȥ


892 նǿ
ߣӥŭХһֵܳӰ⣬׺ڷҰٶޱȡ
ҰϿ룬뿪֮һƬĮͻأͣĿӥ׷ķ͸һɳս⣬ĵϿһΪһ
Ͽ࣬Ұս񽫺ڵǿߣ
ϿȰҰУ뵽Ұ漣û˵зЩڴ
ҰԴӽ뵽δȫֹ񽫺ڵļһƣҰ뽫ΪĥʯĥԼͨ
ܲˣǾɣȭӥҰͣ£ϲ׷˹зŭȭͷϴһƬ𺣣ԵĳŷҰɱѹնŤΡ
Ұųս⣬ڵսѪʼÿһëжħ֮ȫΪɫܵĳӥȭӭ˹ȥ
ϲ֣֮
䣡
Ұϲ֮ӥȭصغһ𣬴һĺ񱩵ϯ·ɳĮ÷ɳʯ̳졣
ӥ˫Ŀ絶ĴɨţҰ쳾ɳհûܵκơ
Ұǿޱȣֽħϲ֮ȫ˳ӲӥһǰǴҪõöࡣ
СӣʦھܹһУҲԺˣ³עģǾӥһܷĻٴλۣǰ۳һֻ޴ĻƣݺݵسŷҰĻ˹ȥ
ҰһգӲɣ񹭳Уִڹϣ񹭻һɫڹϻ͡
ಣ
ƽҶӥֻƼ˹ȥһɫ磬˲䵽˻ǰ档
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춯صĺ𣬿񱩵ϯƽֻƺڰУԾޱȡ
ƽ࣬ȴδʧɳӥɱ˹ȥ
ӥһĨɫŻƽٴĳһƣһɫӰƽڰС
ӥĿˢһתƵҰе棬Ŀ˸һĨȵĹʣЦƷ۷벻СϻȱϾҵˣ
ҵģԸ㡣ҰĮ˵һڶ֧ƽͣһȻĴƳӥƺһ㣬һַǳѹֵĸо
ӥһһգһһǹУǹצĳ֧ƽɱ˹ȥ
䣡
޴ĺ·ɳһ޴ԨƽһǹڰУӥҲǿѪڡ
ȻǿǶΪҲǳ޴ҿ㻹ټ;ƿ֮ʱ֮ʱӥֳһǹ̤һָ߸ϵ̬ӷҰ
Ұ龳ʱ򣬾Ϳ񹭣ͻƵʦڣԿ񹭽ٴΡ
ӥտʼһĲмΪҰܹι¾ŵƽ֮ӥɫҲ
֣Ұ޾Ƶģٻʮ񹭣
Ӳʮǿӥɲұ֤Լˣ뱻µھŵ֮󣬾ŭХһ˺Ȼ棬ǵصĳŷҰֹ
Ұ΢΢üͷĿĴɨһȦԴӥ֮ؼȫӥϢе޷
Ұе£˫Ŀ絶ڻɨӣһƬ󣬽֯ϲŭֱ־ȸַӵ
ˮϵͨޱ߿ຣ
ˮּ˵ڰб˴ѹϵķһ֮ʱˮ죬ʱ𺣷
ޱ߿ຣǽԼĿຣ޷԰Σӥ棬ҲܵӰ죬ֻҪвԾҰܹӦӥıԴڡ
ޱ߿ຣó˲䣬ҰͲ׽һɲͬѰϢ˲ǹϢƽѸ
淭ٻ۳ӥӣֳһǹӭ֧ƽ
䣡
һ޴ĺӥһɴɣѪ
ӥȻܵޱ߿ຣӰ죬ܹӳޣһ֮¾ˡ
Ұ񹭣ִ̧һƬƽ֯ºͻΪͨһ˳ӥԭأ˿ᡣ
̺ʱ֮ͨôܣӥ֮ɫȫš
ϧʱ֮ڶʱڸ޷ѿ
ҰӰ˲ӥǰԾ쵶Уŵصɫ棬һĨѤɫ⣬ݺݵسӥն˹ȥ
ӥܵĻ־ֽһ㣬Ұʿһͷ­˳ȥ
ӥͷ­гŻŵҪӴܣͼ쵶ɫڿն𣬽ӥڣ˲ճޡ
ӥʹ䣡


893 ɱ
ӥˣϿ񿴵Ŀɿڴ
ڷҰո˵ҪսӥʱЩġ
ӥǿ񽫺ڵǿߣϿ㷽Ұֶμܹ࣬ӥѾǷǳˣӥƽ֡
û뵽ҰȻնӥ
ңҰûܵκƣ
Ұ˳ֽӥĴָǹճһĨЦݣȻʵûУǧ磿
ϿѪȣһսǧĺ飬ڵĶ־˳
ԵȣȰѸոմսϢĨñڵЩһ﷢ǵټҰ˵һ䣬Ĭ˾תɢ˴˽֯ƣƬ׽ҡ
һܹҵҲ޷ƲոմսҰɲ뽫Լֶȫ¶
ϿӸеҰɲ⣬ҰΪŽʦڣǷҰõֶԶԶ󣬲̺ʱֶ֮ͨΣδʶġ
߰ɣҰϿһϿԶȥ
뿪ǧ֮󣬷ҰŰͷϿһһɽϡ
˰ڵһҵ˰һ񽫺ڣھԲưոݣһô죿ϿüŷҰѯʳ
ڣһţʮ÷Ұģڼʯͷûһ˿ܡ
ҰڼҴҵ˵㲻ʲô˸񽫺ڣЩӦҲ֣ķǵټһЩз׷ɱǡֻҪʱõġ
Ͽð಻ѣҰŽǸʦڵʿȻ˵֮¶޷κȷǵʮ㡣
ҰЦԲﶼǰڵΧֻҪǲЩУǻ޷κεǡǡҲҪǱıչأʱͲȥЩˣȱչһʱ˵ǳأƷͷҲȥˣҴҸʺ֮
ҰԱϣԾϸ߿գ˫Ŀ̽Χĵơ
ȺɽӣһͷɽʣʯᾣһľƣɽĹ̶޾еĵطڣеĵطɷڡ
ϸȥڵ̨龳ϼ֣ЩΪµĽƣȻʿС
Ĺ̶ڵķλ󲿷ֶݷа֮͸ƴаϢħʿħ塣
Ƭɽ﷽Բɽ˵ＴƲɽˮҲ˶٣̾ʿ϶ɢ޺һЩССɵʿ
ҰϸӦһƬɽΪߵǼ񽫴ԲʿһʿûУ÷ҰĲ١
ҰƬɽ⣬ںδöҰû̫ޣڸѰһľŵɽͣ
ҰСħӡɽ֮Уɽнֳ˿˿ƵŨ̱ɽ
ϿаɣҪ£ҲҪ£û²ҪҡҰϿ˵һͽԼ˳̤˽ȥ
ҰԼ״̬۷壬ڵ˳иֳһʥ˳ͨ뵽˽ڵ֮Уڵȼ
ʥڤͺʥں϶ɣڵ¶Ⱥܿ͸һĨ޵ĻɫһȵϢ
ҰɵĽһҩĶ뵽ڵ֮У֮£ЩҩĿᴿϣҩҩںϣ۳ɵڻһŰݽٴγ͡
ų͵İݽʹӽڵдĻҽҰɵ뵽˳˼֮С
ϴưݽʱ򣬷Ұ֣ҩд󲿷ҩԶ˷ˣܹЩҩȫһҩĲϾͿƳŵҩ
ҰоԼԸһΪȷԼߵĵ֮·ûвҰ˫ĿԼսӴÿһÿһ趼ԺϸÿһҩĵԶٴθϰһ顣
֪˶ãҰˢһ˫Ŀиֳɫ
ҩ˷ѵҪԭΪҩõĲ֣ҪеҩĶֵͱҪڶҩ֮Ĵ䡣
Ұٴνʥ뵽ڵ֮УϵĴһҩڻпٱᴿҩҩ˴ںϡ
ڼ۳ɵ֮ǰҰľǰδеļеĵҲ֮ı䣬뵳˿˿Ƶĵϡ
ĳ˲䣬Ұųһ⣬ú嫵֮ǿнںϵĽ״ҩѳʮ飬ÿһ鶼ֳĵҩ״
ҰԼ֮ȫóʮ鲻ҩתҩٱĥƽù⻬ԲһƵ
Ұ΢ϲϣ΢ķһſſż͵ĵҩը
ҰϽٴνʣµļŵҩάض¶УţҩһȺ֣뵳ȻĵΣĻꡣ
飡
ҰȻһڵǳŵҩһС
еŰݽҰ¶һĨϲɫ
ʵ֤Ĳ²ȷģһҩֻҪضĴ䷽ʽѳɵƳĵҩ
һ˿ʧûеĻܹƳʮŵҩ
֮ǿһܹƳĵҩ࣡


894 ɱϻɽ
γɹƳŰݽľ飬ҰʣµİݽĲ϶ȺƳɵҩ
ŷҰԽԽ࣬Ұɱ䣬¯иҩĵѴ䣬Խҩ޶ȵó
ȵҰϵİݽȫ꣬Ұȫ죬ÿһӳ֣ĳɵʡ
ڸտʼʱѳɵֻܴﵽʮ飬ȵɱ䣬һƳʮŵҩ
ʱҰܹõһٶʮĿŰݽ⻹ΪϵİݽٵԵʣ㹻ĵҩܹõĵҩࡣ
ܹһƳôĵҩɱ⣬Ұʱʹйء
İԵܹøҩ֮ںϣһҩ˽ƣһ񽫳֣ҲֻƳŵҩҪƳʮŵҩҲ
ηҰõİݽǲ٣ϧʱò
ҰӶ˳ϿڲԶӦҰأϽӭ˹ŷҰֵӭأ˴αչػ˳ɣ
Ұ˳ֽʮĿŰݽϿ񣬵Ц԰ɣȱƷ񵤵ĵЩݽȥһȡһЩƷ񵤵ĵȻҽٶȾͻ顣
ϿеĶʮĿŰݽɵ΢΢¡뵱һŰݽ󲻵񣬷ҰֱӾͶʮĿţ̲ס̾Լˡ
ϿضṼУϿ񼤶سŷҰ
Ұ˰֣ϿȥȻҵʱҲˣ»Ҵһͨȥɡ
лϿԲʧģϿϲٴŷҰһ񣬻һ⣬ʧƬ֮С
Ͽǲֹһεļʶ˷ҰǿʦڵΪӵɱ񽫵ǿͨǿ
Ұͨȫǿͨ
ҰҪһͨܲ
Ұǲʲô˵ӵеߴԴͨ޷⴫ͨûʲô˼ɣͨӵеͨɲ١
ΪܻԴԵʣ񼼿ɲ١Ұʮ֮һĻԽгֵЩ񼼶ܻͨɲûͨϿ
Ͽ뿪Ұ뵽εıչ֮С
Ұתתһſʦɾڵÿһë׶̰ʦھת֮תԼΪȲš
º󣬷ҰʦԲľ磬Ҫһĳ뵽ʶԲ磬Ȼо괥£˫ĿȻ˸ž˵ɱ
ڸոգҰظӦϿΣգʱпܻ֮ǣ
ҰӰ˲ʧԭأСħгתߵ񼼣һһ㳯Ͽڵķλ˹ȥ
ϿģҪЧܹظӦϿΣգܹظӦϿķλ
ת֮䣬ҰƬɽһΪߴΡɽǰͣ
ɽнǧ﷽ԲΧǿҵɷʱị̄ʱڣʱ죬ڵɽеʡ
ЩǿĴƣҰɽΧ͸емѣӦŽ
֪ʲôԭķ󷨺Ի󷨣ʱȴδ
ɽڷҰУɽһʮ﷽Բľ޴ƽ̨Լٸﵽ񾳵ǿڱ˴˽һЩĵرһС͵ķС
ֻЩǿϴ󲿷ֶɢŰ󲿷ֶ廯ζɵģһСֵ࣬Ҳ֮еɢޣڴ˴ŸֱĽס
ЩһΪ͵Ķ龳磬ʮ񽫣ʣµĶʦǿߡ
Щǿ⣬ҰӦɽ֮ݷһħϢ񽫴ԲеϢ
ɽϻʮ񽫵ϢкüϢǸ񽫴ԲϢһ㣬Զ
ҰĿ˸űɱظӦˣϿϢǴﴫ
ҰĬ˾תۣ֮˫Ŀ͸ңңϿӰ
ɽİɽϿѾ׿ʨı壬һ˿ظסֻ񽫼Ѫ֩Ĵ£ɽٶȥ
ҰŭһתߵͨΧĽӰ춼СӰһǣѸĳɽ˹ȥ
ߺˣɽ´һĺȳ֮ͷĴڿնڷҰǰĵ·ϡ
һﶼ񽫾ǿߣҰûԼΪΪʦԲһЩǸûнҰУɷ˵ľҪҰɱ
ҰҰŭХһ쵶ȻʣһӰƥâһص񽫳ڵǿ鿪ͣĳŰɽȥ
ðԵһΪֻʦڣʦԲһЩôǿѵΪɣ
ոձʲôɣôû˵
˭һʦڵ൨ڻɽҰֱòͷˣͨı£ڤӰħҲʲô
ɽµķжը˹ڶཻ׵ʿ֮䶼СĽ̸
ǶؿҰΪʦڣȴһɱ񽫾Ĵ˴󷨶ûʲô̫Ӱ죬һŵĸо
ڤӰħռƬˣҰĹҲǿĿ£ɱ񽫣˶оҰʵеɽҪʲôˣһĬطңɽۡ


895 Ͽ
Ұͣĳɽȥе쵶ݺնƵΧڶҿ
Ұһɱ񽫣嶼˵ֻǸңңţûκ˵ҿҰ
Ұֳ쵶ɱڣƺǴӵħƵģӰȣɱʵƲ㶼
ɽץסϿѪ֩ж˾ɲɫǸӦҰΪȷʦڡ
ǣ񽫳ڵĴҰһжûнǺȻľΪҰΪɫ䲼ء
Ѫ֩ΪڣҰܹɱ񽫳ڣǶܵһɷǳصѹ
Ѫ֩һۣȫͣһѪ֩췢һ߿˻֮ʯΧɽ֮ص졣
ǵ˻֮ʾ֮ǸѪ֩ſѪ޿ڣ³һɫ˿絶ٽĺɫ˿֯һϿ㣬һԵһ޴ʯ档
ţֻѪ֩Եɺɫľ޴˫ĿٴеŷҰһֻѪ֩ͷһͭɫӣһֻѪ֩ǰһףԶں˷ص̬
Ұһ񽫳ڵǿߣǿɲ˿Ĵ⣬ѾʾɽϵǼƬ̾ͻᵽֻҪƬ̾ͿˣûбҪҰƴ
Ұ˫΢΢Ѫ֩ʾظӦɽмϢһƵĲϢɽٶ¡
Ϣ񽫺ڵǿߣɽеǿߡ
񽫺ڵǿǶ£Ұܵһ־޴ѹҪ뱣֤Ͽİȫͱ񽫺ڵǿߵ֮ǰϿȳ
Ұ˫ĿտտĬߵͨ˲䵽ֻѪ֩ǰ棬е쵶ųһ춯صĵâƥ˺Ѳ񷣬ײаԵĳѪ֩նȥ
٣СӣֵܶƤӵҰǾҪɫһѪ֩뷢һĹЦͻأĺɫ˿ڰȵ£ٽ֯һƬ޴ŷҰ˹ȥ
ͬʱһѪ֩Ҳ˻˿˿֯һҰ
͡
һ촫쵶ǰźɫ˿һ𣬴Ƭ𻨣˿ڼƬ֮󣬺Ȼѳ룬ҰһеҲжĸɸɾ
ȳǸѪ֩ͫг֮ɫԼ˿ʮ㣬һƷƿû뵽ȴҰһˡ
ҰҲЩ𾪣쵶ʥɱƷ˴ѪһȴѪ֩һжˣļͶеЩ⡣
ʱһҲˣҰȫڣʵʵƺҰͨƵġ
Сӣҵ˿ƶɣޱȣרŽ˿סҵ֮ˣֵǸѪ֩Ц˻
δ䣬Ѫ֩ٴ³˿֯ǵصĳŷҰ˹ҪҰܵ
Ұоڵٶȶû˲٣ȴûѪ֩˵ôֲ
ҰɽԶԶͼɽѸ䣬Ƭ̾Ҫϵ
ҰûʱѪ֩ӣȻܵɫ棬͸һɿֲĸ£ԵĽܵ˿羡ճޡ
ˣΧЩҲԵϻյŤδܿҰڻ
Ұʥڤͺʥں϶ɣһֵػ֮Žǰʮ˿ޱȣҲʥķա
Ѫ֩ܵӰ죬ѪĿг˺ȻɫͭɫӺͰ׿תػڡ
ҰЦһ쵶ٴγʣһ޵ɫƣնЩŤ
Ѫ֩붼һ񽫣ǵıǶƷ۷Ĵڣóʥ쵶ȫû취ȣͭɫӺͰ˲ͱ鿪
Ұе쵶ͣĻưգ쵶ΧһɫѪ֩ȫڣ׽С
Ѫ֩Ŀг˾ɫҰе쵶һûѪ֩ȻըڰУѪδüͱʥճޡ
ҰѸĻգϿߣŵɫƵ쵶Ͽܵ˿նջ٣Ͽ񳹵׽˳
СӣɽҰǾͲˣһۻ֮һ񽫺ڵǿȻӸµĳŷҰĳһƣƣƺһѹ


896 Ҵս
ҰȻ̧ͷ­ųѱĿÿһëж͸ħ֮ħӾӳȭͷųʣӭѹǸ޴ķƺ˹ȥ
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ĺؼƷֿ񱩵ѹֻ޴ķƱҰһȭ飬һͷѪӢڷҰǰ
˫г𾪵ɫƺŷҰӲһУҰΪŽʦڡ
Ͽ񼤶ؽгҰ֪ԼȫˣĶ
ģڣûܹ۸㣡׷ʲô飿ҰȻЦЦϿѯ˳
ϿټĵԸƷ񵤵ʱòŴ˴񽫵ĵǰȡǣŰݽȡ񽫵ĵ֮󣬾ͱ˸ˣҪǿдɽȻӣ˶࣬޷еùǣץסˡҿüʱȻҾΣˡ
񽫵Ʒ񵤣񽫾ʿʹõĵҩԼӿ񽫵ٶȣͻСʱͻƼʡ
ҰھܹƳݽõĵĵܹܿƳĽĵ
£Ӳ裬ȻֻأҰ˫Ŀɨɽųɱ⡣
ǸѪ걾ҪʳϿǷ֮Ŀг˲ɫŷҰѯʵҪƷ񵤵ĵ
ΣҰȻĻӦ
ѪжȻֳӰʩչط̽ҰΪ
һ˲䣬Ұһֱ͸ĸоȴΪ⣬ûпΡ
Ѫؿ͸˷ҰΪʦ۷壬ֻһܹ̤뵽ʦԲ硣
Ѫг𾪣صʦڣǸʦڵʿ㵽˭
Ѫȫ޷ţһʦڵļһȻն񽫣лڵǿߣʵš
ҰǹճһĨ°ĻȣȻҰ
΢΢üͷҡҡͷȳţû˵ЩݽƵģ
Ұδ𻰣Ӱ˷Ұһͷ˫ǣһĿ࣬͸Ѫ֮غ¯ƵģѲ⣬񽫺ڵǿߡ
ԭǸѪһվ֮ƣƽ֯򣬽ҰϿΧ£ڡ
ҰĬ˾תϢ˫Ŀת˵ı嶼һ
ȵǸѪıһֻѪڤӥͷ˫ǵıһͷԶţĿӵıһͷԪܡ
ֻѪڤӥһͷݣٶ죬Ҳȸϵġ
СӣɽҰʲôҶҪĳ࣡ǸĿɽĴĴȳ
ȵȣѪȳ
ѪģôˣɻѪꡣ
Ѫܾưݽˡ
Ʒ񣿣󺺺ͷ˫ǵͬʱĿŷҰƺǲôʿǸƷ
ңΪĵȷȷʦڣѪٴ˵˳
󺺺ͷ˫ǵͬʱĿͷ˫ǵĵѪģȷ𣿡
ߣӦ֪ҵͨڤħͫڲ鿴ΪϣԲܳκβѪ߳
ЦǲֻҪסСӵūԺĵҩԴԴˣ
Сĵ㣬ΪȻʦڣĵȷȷնɱ˺ü񽫣СйŹ֣һѪ˳
ҰҡҡͷշΪŵİ׵ģЩ֪Լ׷˼ˡ
Ͽ岻֣ҼϹսɣǣҰϿȻЦЦ
ãϿӦһСһС׿ʨڷҰ硣
ϿۼҰ񽫺ڵӥҪ񽫺ڵǿߣϿڷҰҲžԵġ
ҰֳסϿŽעתƵΧͷϣĿ˸űɱ
Ѫһ˫гһƬõ棬ǵصĳŷҰȥ
ͬʱ󺺺ͷ˫ǵҲˡ
󺺴һɵӡǣܺ죬ѹжЩŤֱϮҰš
ͷ˫ǵ˫ͷһͷϵ˫ǻΪУתţŷҰնɱ˹ȥ


897 ԾڤӰ
ʦھǿ߹Ұû˿η壬һս⣬ĵϿ񣬿ˣҽ飬ͻὫͨڸ㡣ͨһ壡
Ұ䣬һΣ˲ɳӰһͨ
ϿȻɴ˫ֻۣͨδţδ
ҰıûطĵһһƬɫ󣬾ڷҰȴһ޾ĺ֮У֯Ÿַӵ
ɫо죬ѪĹҰĴûں嫵Уˮδܷ
ҰĵڶֱȫΪɫ·žӨʹ󣬲˿ȴ͸һļµѹſ󺺷ӡĴ˹ȥ
飡
һƵǵӡǵʱ߽ڰС
Ұϲ֮ǴӲõģǰŲͨȻȴƾǿԡ
뵱ƾ˫֣ûκܺӵе콾棬ϲֵ֮ɼһߡ
Ұĵֳ쵶ųƥĵâԶţл˳ȥ
Ұױ㽫񽫺ǿߵĹ£ǿ߶̲ס¶ŵɫ
ǣɽ½׷еڶҲ𾪵Ըӡ
ոͨѪ֮ڣѾ֪ҰǸʵʦڣʱҰ񽫵Ĺܹԣ׵߸ǵۡ
Ƕ֪ϴһЩԽ׶սľ콾ҰֿԽһ󾳽սģͬʱ񽫺ڵǿߵģֻзҰԼ
Ұ˲仯ʵԼķĿȣѧͨǶս֮ʱ൱ڶֱ֣ͨҪ찡
Сӣ벻㻹񽫣ȻѾͨ񻹲ֹһֵӡֻͨҺܸȤԹԽҶѻ꣡ѪĵĿ˸ųȵĹŷҰƳ
Ҷҽѻģƴ½δأҰһ˸ĮĹ󣬱ΧȻֳһƬɫ˲Χ񽫺ڵǿ߶ڡ
ʲôȻռͨԶţĿг𾪵ɫһͷţ֣ƺײ̫ɽƵģڹɫгײԼͨʩչ˳
ǣֻΪεͨǳΪԴȪֻҪؼ仹ǳڣͲ١
ǳ뷽ҰǳңԶǳһҲһ쳣ǿҪڶʱڻ޷
ԶţֵʱѪĺǸԪĿҲʱһȫڤħͫһܵδܷӵ£ȫʩչҲҰĻΪͨ˷ڲݡ
ƻҵĻΪΣǻʸڣɣҰЦͬʱɱ˹ȥ
ܸԸֳơ֡ӵȷЩǶƷڷҰԵĹ£һȫˡ
Ҫ֪Ұʱ֮Ʒˣ
ĿУҰĹȫϣʱһҺ
ס֣һĻŭһӰѸĴʽƴƣƺ綼Ƶġ
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ڤӰħҰǵû֣ͣĻˡҰһ쵶һóеľħǹһֱӽħӡȫǹ޴ֶΡ
ת֮䣬ҰȺնɱȵڤӰħѪ˾Ѿʬ壬СɽʬѪҺӣĿġ
һɽնɱҵˣһҪɱɣǧӰڤӰħŭһ˲ʧԭء
һӣƬؼȫڤӰħӰǧ򣬱鲼ÿһ䣬ÿһڤӰħ͸Ϣɲ⣬ŷҰɱ˹ȥ
Ұ΢΢£ոʩչһ񼼾Ѿˣ벻ڤӰħȻǧҲֲ̫˵ɣ
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һаħĿǣ콵ʱеĻӰֻʣڤӰħıڰУĿг˾ɲɫ
ҰףɱڤӰħǧӰڤӰħܵһԿĸо
ңҰһ·ɱɽе񽫶в٣սĿá
ڤӰħûտսʤҰ
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Ұеɷ˿°ĵ³֣ҸҪߣҽ컹ͲˣӽԺɽƴ½ķֲˣ
ڤӰħĶͷֱҧгݵĵСӣ̫ʵǿҪҶԶԶʸ񣡡
ʸ񣬲;ܹȷġҰһңӲɣ񹭳УֽһΧϢ񹭿ٻ۶ȥڹ۳һ֧ɫ
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Ұƺ޾Ƶģʮ֧ƽúڤӰħǱͷңըﻹаֻɽ֮ӣ
Сӣҵʵͷɽõɽҷͷɽƴ½ÿ֮һҵҷͷɽڤӰħһͨӲҰĻƽһ߳ŷҰŭ
󲿷ʿ΢΢£ȻڤӰħԣҲ֪֮١Ҷ֪иɽȴ֪ɽʵǷͷɽڶһÿڡ
ͷɽΣңһҰס񹭵Ƚ̩ɽһ֧֧ƽѸڤӰħɱ˹ȥ
ƴ½ΪĴÿһнķΧУλħɷƵλбڻͷͷɽλšںͲŹռ
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磬⸽֮ڶǰڵķΧ˵֮ھûˣֻ˵֮ڣڵǿ
֮ڣڸɶнǧ֮࣬ʮ˸֮࣬ɽ֮һ
ֻһǣеʵȴǧ𣬾ʮ˸Ҳ࿹⣬ǲࡣ
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ڤӰħĻ𾪣ҰĻ˾
˵ͷɽ˴̫ңԶǷҰֻ˷ͷɽ֮УͷɽԲŹҰġ
Ұνڵĳ϶նɱҲںһͷɽĳС
ڤӰħӲӷҰټڵһֲõĸоȥӰһΪһͷӥһչԶ˳ȥ
ߣ°ɣҰһִ̧һɫƺԽʱգڤӰħǰչ᰿ڤӰħڵ
Ե쵶ӷҰȻдһ貵âݺݵڤӰħնȥ
ɱңɱģڤӰħţͼֹҰն쵶
ҰڤӰħв˿ں쵶ƬδͣڤӰħĲһһŲ˿־ӥͷ
Ұʶ̽뵽ڤӰħ֮УƬ̾ٴγʶһƽӥͷ顣
ڤӰħ֮УҰڻɽǿʶʶɽڤӰħһģЩͷɽǲЭڤӰħģȫҰֶǿꡣ
һۣɽеĸ߲㼸ǿ룬ɽ׳Ϊ֮ء


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Ұһ֮ǿƵض˵˻ɽЩڻɽн׵ڶʿסˡ
ҰԵ׵սͺɱģҰɵڤӰħһĻгеڶʿҲ뿪Ψŭ˷Ұ
ӽԺ󣬻ɽŵĵ̣֮бħЧŵ񽫣ƷһšʦƷһš飬ƷһšҰƴɽ·геڶʿ
Ұּ£һ֮ڣһϻȡһ񵤵Ĵ߿ɻƷ񵤡óݽ񽫵ĵǴﵽƷĵƷʮţɽƬ̣Ϳʼ
񽫼žͽһƷ񵤣ǲģ
һóô񵤣ôǣŵʲôôû˵
ħģ֮޷ΥˣŶ˷ͷɽĻãͷɽĴɱǾΣˡ
Ҫ񵤣㵱ǿõǷͷɽǧɽˮ֪ñһسҲסŸĳ빻׼ˡ
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׼ٹһʱ䣬ǲ֪᲻ߣ
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ҰʶɽƽɽǷţȫƾλԸպ󷽲б߿£ߣʱȥ
ҰĻв뿪ȥҰȻû赲ȥ
Ұ꣬ʹϿ뵽˻ɽһ֮Уڴһ֮أѳҩȫҰ
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Ұϵÿһ缡Ө貣Ѫ¯Ͷ֮䶼̺͸ѹҪ
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ҰΪޱȣˮɵͻƵʦԲ硣
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Ұͻ֮һͽ뵽һ֮УԾŴ챮ΪС͵ħ󣬳׷סƬռ䣬Ȼ󽫽ڵ˳
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ҰԸҩĶзǳ̵ʶʹʥᴿ۳ɿ飬ѳɵһɵ
գյĲϸ£һ¯ֻɵţÿһŵҩΧ˸ɫΡ
ҰɱĵޱȣƷ񵤣ֻҪ֪ܹ׵Ƴ
ҰͻƵʦԲйأӵڶ¯ʼҰƵÿһ¯ҩɵʮţԭƵĻҪš
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ҰƲ⣬ͻƵ񽫾磬ӦþܹƳƷ񵤣ǰҪ֪Ʒ񵤵ĵ
֮󣬷Ұеڶ񼶲ȫ񽫵һưݽʦȵҩĲϣҲƳ񵤡
գҰõ񽫵ٿţҩҲ٣Դ
ҰٴγڻɽλʽʼбֻҪħЧŵģԿɵõԺ󣬸ǻݸλŵĹףṩӦԴ


900 
ҰͻƵʦԲ֮ɽȻü򻯰ħסʱǲûз㴫
⼸ɽ϶һŨĵ㣬Ķˡ
Ұո£иʿģħģţ޶ģ
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ҰĿڴϣ˳ֽ񽫵Цλѵѡǳǣǵһŵķϣ񽫵
лǸϲĵле񽫵ѡ
񽫵񽫾ʹõ񵤣Լļӿٶȡ
֮һ£ֵһģ
ֵҩмУ
ҰֱӾͽţνǴֱʡ
ҰȻóƷ񵤵񽫵ͣڻɽڶʿʼ䶯ˣÿʿĿж˻ȵɫ
ħģš
Ҽţжģ𡭡
Ҳ롭
һʿĺ˳ǱûɻССɵɢޣԵõԴ˵ԴƷˡ
񵤣ܹǽʡʱ䣬ΪԽͻƵ߾磬ǱҲԽ֮·ߵҲԽԶ
ҰóɹǵעΪ˵õ񵤣ţ˵Ҳ㲻ʲô
Ұ߲ܣֻҪħЧŵģҰȫӦõ񵤡
֮󣬻ɽвٺɶݶħģЧš
ǱڻɽۿģҰȻó񵤣һĶˣˡ
Щ˵뷨ҰҲʴûпɽĴ󣬲ȻǸ޷ɽз顣
ȵűˣҰֿʼвϻҩĻڣڶʿе϶뵽˷ҰУҲȡԼҪ񵤣ÿҰĿжһ˿⡣
÷Ұϲǣ˻óƷϵ񵤵
ĵֵҩֱͻһС磬ûκθáֻǣֵҩҪļҩеƷıΪҪϣֲϵǲ̫ҡ
Ȼҵ˵Щ϶ڷҰ˵Ǽ򵥵öˣٿĿԵѰЩҩ
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ҰϿΪǳ½ĸˣȫȨǳ½ռǳ½ĸ鱨ȻͿʼ˱չء
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Ұ˼ƽϣҪɭɱͨƵõͻƵ񽫾пܡ
ħӡҪͻƵ֮пˡ
ڰʱУųڻɽվ˽ŸڤӰħڵʱй֮޲
Уӵе񽫶ʮλ֮࣬ѾǸʵǳ½ҲܹŽһٶԲǧ
ɽɢڶ࣬յӵĴ֮һĽֻҪħЧŵģȫϿ£ԽԽ
ҰصϿոţԺķչǱŸ󣬸Ժŵķչ
ʵվȽŸҰ񵤺ȷ湩ӦķǳϿƶһϵеŹ棬ŵӵĻԡ
磬˵һ񽫼ţ׵һһ׵ԻȡһƷ񵤣߻ȡһƷ
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ŵĽޱȣŵӵĻԶ˳ڶԴ£ŵӶ죬ڸ
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ŵ𣬷Ұ¶һ˿Цݡһ˵ʵվޣʱŵס


901 ս
Ұڻɽһ꣬Ϊ׺ʵԼ񽫾ϣֻһͿ̤뵽񽫾֮С
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һУڻɽ֮ȵƷ򣬶µӵĽޱȣòĿ࿴
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Ұˢһ˫ۣĿңԶ˫ǧתǳܡ
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棬Ȼѹһ治֪ǳ½ʲôѡи񽫿ڣüǵǡ
Ұ³һЦܵȷǹǿôҲûãúɣΨнʵΣյʱ򣬲ܹиᡣ
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ִ֮ϢڡźͲɳǿ߽򣬲̽ʼĩոͣ޾֮ǰһڴ˴ѹһνøġ
֪һϢǳ½еĸٰһЩǷҰȴһĪΣУԾ뵽ӺɫгǼ޵ԲϢܸо鲢ô򵥡
ս֮ǳ½н뵽һƽʱ䣬£ǳ½вûзʲô춯صĴ£ƺħıȻˡ
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ʲôҰеļϹŶѯʳ
һ񽫾üǹؾؾ꿪һΣϴοŽǧ֪꣬ΪΣֿˡ
ؾôֱԻģҰɫûַʽؾġ
и߽˵֪˵ؾԣܹӦˣܸݸǿڸϿֱӿʱ֮ţøʿǰȥѰһԵʱ֮ҪγɣҪʱ䡣
ؾĿսʱ̫ˣҰܸо֮ĳϵ


902 ؾ
ҰؾЩȤֱѯʵŶãʲô𣿡
һ£ܹһʱ䡣εĿЩŹ֣ʱ䲻Ϳˣ޷ƲáƣֻҪ֮µʿԣΪΪ̫ߣʱ֮űԱλ񽫾ĵĽ͡
ؾʲôôҰѯʡ
Ǹ֪޲Եĵؾ˵Ǵ˵еܵ磬մȾϢлԵĻܹõĲִкͨط֮⣬ǳ½ѾҩģһЩͿֱӷõĵرв˻õƷ滹ô಻ʤһղأһܹ뵽ģ涼пܻ֡
ҰЩĶȻôô࣬ΣնΣ
Ǹ񽫵ʱ£Ц浽ˣؾֻн﷽Բع̫ߣͨܵѹƣΪֻܷӳһС롣ǣԴḻ޾µܻĴǳ֮࣬ԴĵطǱһЩʵﵽĴռţߡؾʿĵطģܹģֻ֮һ
Ұ΢΢£Ϊؾʿһܳû뵽Ĵô͡
Ǹֵ֮һǻǶ˵ʦȥܻʮ֮һͺܺˡ飬ȥ֮󣬼ǱģػŶУ˭Ҳ֪ʲôΣա
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Ұ㽫ŵڶ񽫶֮һЩؾˣƳ򵥵ͼԹؾ˽˸š
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ڹؾУǻռıܹʲôȫƾԼĻԵ
һ£ùƷĵطΣҲԸߡҲǾԣЩŵģؼûǸԵˡ
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֮ڣŹˣʦԲ񽫣ټϷҰԼʮˡ
ֹؾʮ˻ԻԵƴ½ķֲʱޣڵʱû취ȡ
Ұÿ˷һƵ棬֮֮ڶܹ˴˸Ӧǵᱻѹƣǧ֮ӦҲܹϵ
ҪΪ˱˴չ£ǿڹؾе漸ʡֻǣؾֲ֮λãܹһļҲ
֮ڵĻɽϿȫһƬģʺɽǣǺ¥һ㡣
ڻɽɽϣһ½Żʹ˸һصϢ֪ͨη
ߣףҺˣ֮һһһ񵤣Ұ˵֮󣬾ֱ̤뵽ǸŻ֮УʧڻɽϿա
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ҰϿǰȥģǵϿΪ΢˵㣬סŵʿͬϿС
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ҰٸһɳصԼ·ȥӿ֮£סΣƮȻء
ԵΪ̫һ񽫶άַУ״̬Ҫ̽ؾЩҲв


903 Һ
Ұ뵽ؾ֮УһӦʶ̽ܡ
ʶܵѹƣֻ̽ԲͬѹƣҪ壬ıʮӰ죬ħ廹ܹռݲơҰܿͷ˳ؾЩ˽⡣
Ұڵʶ񽫴Բǿ߲£ֻ̽Բ˲õȥ
ҰóҡҡͷûиӦ˵Ϣ
ǧܸ֮Ӧؾ߰﷽Բ˷ֲһļʣʵڲߡ
ؾƴ½㹻ǿԽ룬ݷҰƣﵽϵУһЩǿҲʸ롣
ǿܹҲࡣ
ؾʿΪŲûã޷ȣܹ˽ࡣ
ߴһٶԼǿǧˡ
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Ұ΢΢üͷСԼϢ
ʵʮֻ񽫴Բ磬ЩͨҲﵽ񽫾磬һȺݷɹܹκν뵽ؾеǿ˺Ϊ顣
ҰСͷʶ̽ΧĵƣҪȷԼڵ
֮󣬷ҰԲ򶼲̽˸飬ҡҡͷ
ؾ̫󣬶յйعؾϢ̫٣Ұ޷жϳԼڵķλ
ⷬ̽Ұڹؾ˸̵ʶ
ڹؾУȺӵٶﵽʦ磬вٶﵽ񽫾磬һЩȺӵޣ϶񽫴ԲǿߣһЩﵽľ磡
յϢڹؾУǿпޡҪڹؾеõ㹻ĺôŪƵϢСϢҪĵ̽ǼĵӡҰܿ˾ϣ˸ǰ˹ȥ
߳ǧҰˡ
ڷҰǰʮ⣬һʮɵĺ۾һɽȵĹȿڣ˫ĿѪ죬յѪɫħƣܻһʵʵɫΧɽʯʴֱ졣
۾Ϣһ񽫴Բľ
ң۾ܵƬˣƷ֮ƿڼʴǵľ綾󲿷ֵ񽫴ԲҲ޷֮档
ں۾ǰһŮڶ۾
ӵΪ񽫺ڣΪߵķǸŮӣΪ񽫴Բ϶һϸܵĺɫƬͷǣβһŨħ
Ǻ۾ҲҶǽйֻػɽȿڣǽȥ
ҰĿ΢΢¶һ˿ȵɫҪڹؾҵһͬŶѣ벻һȻôͻһˡ
Щ϶ĳϵߡ
˵ϢжϣȺ˶ħ壬⻹ǷҰںеһħ塣
ʦ㣬ڶķ̫ǿǶʱںͻķڤʦٻǣҪǷɣһӿڣǸŮѯ
ǸŮһڤʦҪ̽ȻҲһȥ̽ڶ󷽵ɽһ̲Һҿɲ
Ұ΢ҺһϴĵرһξֵܵһƷеϴ񵤣Ȼһ̲
ÿħħŮһһҡٴγħֱֻۣⷭһӡһɫħתųźڶ˹ȥ
ڶһ˻ȫ𣬿һɫΪһСĺڶ˲ʽǶħ
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ĺ𣬷Ұؿ̵ħ׽飬ħ˲䵽˺ڶǰ
ڶһĲҺܵɫٻֻɫ򣬻һɫĹ⻪ԶѸӴ˹ȥÿɽȿڡ
ˡħŮһŰеħһУǶħȻ飬Ϊħʧڡ
ħŮɽȥȡҺͼǰӰһһɫڱҺҺһβ


904 սħ
ħŮ΢΢£ʹŭëͷСӣħĶ
ҰҺӸµħŮĵҺҿˡ
ħʶ޼ɵڷҰϣ̽ҰΪ֮ħϲɵӹһĨ㵵ɫصʦԲСӣ
ʵ޷ţʦԲСӣȻԼĶ
ʦ㣬Сӻ治֪ߵغȥһȳħ˸иĹ
ãħǨʰʦԲСӣҪ̫áɱҵıҺǻҪ󡣡ħķԸһɳһ񽫺ڵǿȥԸһʦԲļһϾֵ顣
ħǨѪ촽Цþûˣʦ⣬һҪúóˡ֮ǰŰɡ
ҰһЦԳƺΪħˣרΪ˽ħ
ħǨϸֳһĨŭɫϵϸƬİĺ⣬ĵСӣҪһһڳԵ
ǾҪ㹻ʸ񣡡ҰŭХһͷڷ裬ȭͷ˸ѤâһһǰİԾƣݺݵħǨ
ΪĲ࣬עҪУҪΪѹ㣡ħǨһħ⣬ͬƳȭȭͷתɫħƷţӭŷҰȭͷ˹ȥ
䣡
һƵ촫ħǨֱ۶飬ǵɳʮɣص뵽һСɽУײɽҡض
ħǨٳ˳첲ħƣһµֱҰĿжһĨء
ף˺ǿԱȵƷˣǸߡħǨͨɱħĿӹһĨȵɫȻҰǿԶԶԤϡ
ħǨ˫۽ǰ˫ֽһӵħӡһͷħгצŷҰ˻˹ȥ
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ǧħǸȼǿµĴͨԲƽ
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ҰŭһһգԵ쵶У˸ɫƣ貵ĵâϣƺһɫӺգӭֻɫħն˹ȥ
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𣿡ħĿиӾȡ
ҰԶóߵͨӰ˲ʧԭأһӾͳڸոճֵħǨ쵶һ貵ɫâȻն¡
ڹؾлôٶȣôܣħǨȻľüпٳһɫƣͷٱɢħ⡣
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ںʥ쵶֮£Ƕһ㱻նΪ롣
ҵסħǨųһĨɫгһɸӾħһħС縡ֳγɵڶ
䣡
ҰǿưԾնħǨСϣʱһĺħǨС类Ұ顣
ħǨӦ쵶Ѹһն룬ɫħѪմȾ쵶ϣ쵶ϵʥճޡ
ħ֮£ҰȻ˸ɴĸɵһ񽫺ڵħ壬סħһħ塣
Ƕɵĵ׷ʣʦԲսҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ


905 ϲ
ڣˡҰĿתƵħϣе쵶·ɫ⻪͸һļµɷ
ŵĶħֵģûУǶˣħ˫ðɭɭɷ˫ֿٽһԵӡһɹ϶аϢһͷͨڵħгֱϮҰ
ҰսѪڣе쵶ɫĻ棬һɾƣͷħͷն䡣
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춯صĺ糱ħڵĵڰ໥ˣܵľ졣
̳ʧƥ׵âħ赲ħɱ˹ȥ
ħɱһħڵһһΪߣߵħӰиԳһĺɫУͬʱŷҰ쵶Ϯն˹ȥ
Ұһ׵âɨһն䣬ʥڿҫߵħӰͬʱն
ߵħӰ˲ʧǸħڵļһٴγڷҰǰĿг˺Ȼɫ
ǰҰһѪۣȼɫĻ棬˿ʼ޷ϡ
ħħŭХһȫħڣ˲仭ͷ۵ķֱ࣬һӡһɢŹħĺɫħתŷҰͷѹ䡣
ħʱóħԶȸոնԸڶ֮ʱӵĿ£ÿһ϶˸źɫħƣ͸һɷصҰʮɷΧɾԽ
ҰֱоһɽһеԼϣڵ룬ֻӲʩչĻΪεͨͬЧ
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Ұųͱ˵⣬һ㣬ڵÿһѨжħ֮ħ׶˳ħ֡
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ħ鿪ħͷ۵ķʱɢҰҲһɴڵء
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ôħͨħ˫ĿɲŷҰƺҪѷҰƵġ
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ħ߳һ˫üĿٽһԵӡǣȫħüӿȥ˾ǹϵаħѣǶħӡ͸ѸޱȵĳҰ
䣡
ħ˲ײڷҰе쵶棬춯صĺɽʯԱѣɽȶڡ
Ұе쵶ƺܹƵģǶħһΪ룬ݺᣬֱϮħ
ħͷ˲һɫħӣһ˸Ź欵Ϻɫħ⣬£γһƬϺɫĹ֣ħػڡ
ﬣ
Ӱĵնħӻ棬Ƭ̣ǿħӻȴħܵƬס
ħſһںɫħѪɵɨ˷Ұһۣ¿ٸֳһɫħסһħֱۣȵߣ
ɫħոڿնħͼһϹѤõĵâץסǸħֱϡ
ħʹһԹɨ˷ҰһۣŶħųһħ⣬˲뵽Уңңһ̹ǵɷƵƴ½û˾ȵ㣡


906 ؾ
ħɷƵĵλȻͣҰħϧħħӵŴյƺйأҰ޷жϳ׶뵽һգ޴׷ϡ
ңȻ͵ӭɷƵŭɣҰնֱ۵ǸħɫŷҰŭȣҪɷƵͷʹҰ
Ұһϻ˵üʶгһƬɭĳ˲ϢԻصӡǸħüС
ǸħʱҺͷأƺڳĥ
Ƭ֮Ǹħ峹ή˫Ŀ͸
ҰǸֳһĨЦüһ貽⣬ӡǸħ֮УֱӶѻꡣ
Ұħļ䣬ֱӷؾйصϢһɹӴϢҰա
ħļһЩħҰҪ鿴ʱƺʲôƣħȻը飬δ
Ұǲе̫⡣
ħ֮һ㶼ǿҵĽƣֻҪйħĺĻܣħеĽƾͻֱӱ˲꣬ѻʧȥЧ
ֶΣҰֲǵһμİ
ֵҵǣڹؾǲû½ƣ÷Ұõ˲Ϣ
ҰһԺеĹؾϢԼԹؾ˽⻹̫ǳ˵㡣
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գ֪ιʣڻԻ۷֮ʱصƴ½һؾʹƴ½ϳʧ٣Ҳδ˵ϵгֹ
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ǲ컯ĴؾռŹµĲ־תܹ˸׵ĸͨС
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ƴ½Ʒд󲿷ֶǴӹؾȥġ
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ڶȫƷȫƷ˵Ʒ۷ȴܹ
񵤸󣬾ǹĵطŵĲٵҩڶʿ
ƷĶС˼˵һЩƷƴ
ϧеĵҩнƣܹƳĽƣȻ޷õӦĵҩԽߵȼĵҩԽǿ
ҩ԰ǹҩĵطÿһҩ綼޼֮ƴ½ʧĸ弶ҩڣ쳣
񵤸ƣҩ԰ͬŽƴڣֽȷʵһƬһƬڵģԼƬںһҪƿ񵤸ƿƲɡ
һִţҩ԰һ޼ܹ֮ҩʱ̣˵һҪܹɵҩҩ԰УֻҪʮͿԳɡ
Ȼ⻹Ǹ˵˿֤ʵʵԡ
ҰаԾȣ˵ģ⵹Ǹľɫƣϧľɫѱˣ֪ܷٴԻ
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ϧֹƺԼԣѡˣܹõ
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鼮٣ȴûԸȥ
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󲿷ʿ²⣬ĵӦþ̨У


907 
ЩҪط֮⣬ؾлԨħߵȵطóȻ롣
ǣЩȴһЩıա
ɷƵĵһĿǾΪɷƵ̽ھ֮Уܹɱı֮Ѫ
֮ѪǴľѪ̺źĳɣܹõգɱǿ
ҰһƬȣ֮ѪѪƣؾĵ֮ѪԶԶ޷ѪҲҰһ¥
ȻҲڶΣգݷĴֹһ𣬾ɷƵҲ
ֵһǣɷƵнǿΪڤݣǸǿߣ
ؾܹܵΪԲǹؾô꣬ƴ½ϵߴٶоһЩԸؾطһЩÿζܹһǿ뵽ؾ֮С
ܹƸܹڹؾı֮ʱռݾԵơ
ңɷƵĵ֮䶼ɷڹؾ֮У֮ҲܹӦõܹɷƵĵӾ۵һ𣬰ȫõϣиĻȥȡ
ߴ˽Խ̣ҰԽеЩĵ
ؾ֮УѹƷǳǿǶѹСö࣬ڤݱȻҪ֮ѪǿȻȥı֮ѪҲҪȻ֪˵֮ѪϢǾȥ󿴿ɡҰƬ̣һ̣žķλ˹ȥ
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ݣԶ˾ϲĴ󺰳
˳ķȥҰͿһ󵶵ϲʤ˹ȥһСƬص룬һŽɫƵѪɫҩ
ҰԺиֳݵϢݣǵ֮ѪһݣǿǣΪµʿá

Ұ˼䣬ԶȻһҽǸ󵶵󺺱̶ǿƵȥΪǿҲ޷ѳգۼͲӰ
ҰĿ΢΢£ոǸ걻ɵʱӿȴ޷壬û취ѣһصڣֱӽɵ֮С
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Ϊ֤ԼĲ²⣬ҰһƷֶ˳ȥһڿУһ档
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һԣҰȷˣֻҪ󣬾Ͳ̫⡣
Ұڵٶޱȵĵסݸһѽץ
𣡡
Ȼгһͷ޴ĺڰ㣬ſȳѪڣݺݵŷҰҧȥ
Ұһԭؿʧٴηص˰ߡ
ڰ߾ŭХһɵŷҰ˹ཬĽɷ졣
ڰ߾Ϊ񽫳ڣԷҰ˵ûʲôսԡҰȵǣڰ߾вκӰ죡
ҰĿ΢΢£ھڰ߾нɵܣͼ쵶˸а欵ʥ𣬺ݺݵͷڰ߾նȥ
һͷڰ߾ʱն룬ҰֱӶͷڰ߾ѻꡣ
Ƭ֮󣬷Ұ¶һ˿ЦԭֵݣܹеǹصĽ֮ԵĵԽ࣬ǹĿԾԽǿ


908 
ЧΡҰھͽеĵ븹С
ʱҰ͸еһɺسڷɢ͸Ұ֫ٺ֮С
͸ҰڵÿһϸٴηǿСȴӼ͡
ȫϸͬʱУҰȫ֮Ƶģÿһϸƺħ֮ħ岻Ծļ˳
ħļδ÷Ұʹٰ֣ȴյݵ
ݣ̺ǿޱȣͨ񽫷õĻҪܹ߰յһݵ
ǷҰħ壬ʱͷǳǿͣƬ֮ĵݵҰٴǿһЩֳһѪɫ⻪
ҰоǰǸضԼӰ죬ƺһЩ

Ұǰཬһڰ߾Ӿиˮ棬ײе˺ҧȥڰ߾ʬ壬ˮĽѪɡ
ҰȻЩһﶼǱѪζģһԹĺڰ߾࣬ҰҲֻ·
ڽʱУҰûмŽ󣬶ԵѰҵݡ
ڰ߾ʱ򣬷Ұɱǣǻǣȡ˵ݾ뿪
Ұٶޱȣ˰ʱ䣬ҵʮĵݣȫ
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ңҰѪӿ֮£һѪɫڣӰ켸ԺԲơ
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Ұ˵뷨ٴȡ߰ݣ֮ûиЧٲժˡ
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һƵ󣬾ӥȻ鿪ѪȾ˸أܿͱɵһɶ
Զս˶Ծ˿Һиһȭɱһ񽫺ڣ˵һƷˣǿ£
һЩԷҰͼıˣʶҰǱ뺷ʵ֮ȫͷǿɲ벽ͷӥĺ󳾡
Ұɨ˾󰶱ߵһۣתž˹ȥ
˵ĿǾܹھϿճ־õķУ˵ݵ壬ûӰ죬ƬУ񽫴ԲҲ֮档ֻǸʦԲ𣿡Զŵ˵˳
ҴģǸ˽ܣƴ½ϵߴóȻ룬СȥЦ
̸֮ʱҰѾ뵽˾֮С
Ұһ·ĵԽԽ࣬ȫ뵽Уõ˽ꡣ
ҰĥԽԽ࣬ǵ֮ѪڵλԽԽˡ
ڴʱҰظӦǰһӴϢһԴϢĸо
ǰУǿݷ
ҰаƿƬٴž˹ȥ
ƹĸϢڵأҰڵ˾ĺģԶԶأͣżӰ
һӰڷҰ˵İǴӷҰѵħ


909 ӵ
Ұδ¶ΣԼϢѹƵͣڰУħڵķ򿿽˹ȥ
ԶԶأҰɷƵĹˣΪ͵Ķ񽫴ԲĴڣͷǸȫںɫе꣬һλ
⻹ǷҰһǿʲôСԼϢҿ̫
ɷƵˣͬһ㵭Ѫɫ⻪ȻҲǷùݣǵӰ켸ޡ
ͨҵƶϣ֮ѪӦþǰصסȫںеĿ˵˳ƺǴӵдһ㡣
⣿ڤʦֵ˼֮ѪͷѪڵ򣿡һ񽫴Բǿ߾
ڤݳҵĸӦӦþ
һɾ鷳ˣѪɱǼĴҪǿö࣬ҪӦһ϶ûʤ㡣ħü΢һ
ڤݻĵΪˣȷ֮ѪѪѪ֮Աǿ󣬾ΪѪ֮Ѫ̫֮ܵѪѬգǱĬĸıˡǲ´Ļ֮ѪӦþʹѪϳ
²ʵѪ϶ػϳġҪõ֮Ѫһħѯʳ
ڤݳ˰ΣĿħϣҪõ֮ѪֻȡСĺڤħܹգڸϢٶޱȣǽѪסܷн֮Ѫ͵
ħĿ͸һɾϣȻһᾡΪ
ã²˳٣ɣȵõ˵֮Ѫǲиϣõؾıأڤ緢˵˳кһٳǰ˹ȥ
ħǼһɫ̨̨ϣ뵽С
˵ħ뵽УǷҰһʼͶԼڵķλҲЩӦħظڤݵ˵ǰС
Ұ벶ȸں뷨ȵħ뿪Զ֮ٶδкȻһ˿ռ䲨
ҰٴסԼ壬Ĭ˾ת˫ۣؿлӰ
ӰȫǹͷÿһӰΧŽӲӵķ⣬͸һϢ
ֻǣǽӲӵķ֮У˿˿ƵѪɫ⻪
Ұ΢˶Ƿˣ
еУеΪ񽫴Բ磬еΪ񽫺ڣһеΪ磬͸ķ·еĸϢ嵭١
ħ뿪֮ӰŸС
ʦ֣ǹȻǳŵ֮Ѫġһ񽫴ԲĹͷ˵˳
˫Ŀƽ͵ԶգȻʦ˵˼ҿһδƴ½оޱ䣬ֹͬһƽ١ϧ˼ҸϢ̫٣ֻȴӵ֮Ѫˡ
ɷƵļһȥȡ֮ѪˣҪֹ𣿡һ񽫴ԲĹͷѯ˳
ƽҡҡͷ֣䡣
ʦ֣ɷƵļһĵõ֮ѪԨоܹռݼƣǵԨʦֺͽʦ֣ҲٶԸˡи񽫺ڵĺеǵ˵˳
յĵİɣҪԨռƣõ֮Ѫֻһţķһ㡣İɣҪƵ֣ؾ˿ƥС
Ǹûڵĺ˼Ĳ²֮Ѫ巽ü󣬽ʦֵĲɣ֮Ѫﵽɾɣ
ĿɨһۣӲ²⣡ħϢѾʧˣߣϣ
ٴ뵽УҰȴظӦнڤݵȥķ׷˹ȥ

Ұа𾪣ǽյӦöǿߣ
벻ʲôôܹһ뵽˹ؾ֮С
ңܹһͽ̱ɷƵǿöడ
μˣ÷ҰԷ˵ӡࡣ
ӡУŶǳիģЩӣܶһѪɫ⻪˿˿ɷҲûɱ
ҰȺƬ̣ȷΧûˣСǰ׷˹ȥ


910 ֮Ѫ
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춯صĺҰԶԶȥͼԶ죬ħħ˴
ڤӦøѪˣڵǸˮĺʱҰа˼սȴʱ֡
ԶԶȥڤݼһźɫͷͷħ⣬ŸʴյİԵʬ뵣񽫴ԲǿߣһͷѪսһ
Ѫֻֻ㣬ͨ˸µѪɫƵϢŨѪɫ⻪ڤ˼Ҵս
ѪǿޱȣȷҰʱҪǿöܹ࣬ʴյľ綾ȻƤ޷ƣȻһȻѹڤݵ˺޻֮
ڤݵ˲ҪƴֻǸסѣȻϣ˫ûΣգʱһ
Ұ֪ڤݿ϶еδãʱ붯óĿΪħȡʱ䡣
ڤݵ˸ѪսʱħźڤħϢû뵽·С
һʶħ뵽УϢȫʧ˭Ҳ޷ӦκϢ
ħû뵽˲䣬Ѫ󸶸ȻŭȫѪɫͷһһ񽫴Բʿſп˹ȥ
Ұ˼Ѫ֪ħİǱ룬ȻҲôŭ
󣡡ڤŭһִһɫѪͷϣʱѪͷһǰ͸Ѫ
ҰĿ΢΢£ڤݸոնõģ͵Ʒѽ͸׷
ļֵﵽƷ֮УƷļֵ࣬ô˷ˣ÷Ұеǳϧ
ѽ͸׷УѪʹܿƵɿͷſǸ񽫴Բǿߡ
ڤ񽫴ԲٴѪΧ˹ȥ֪ѪͲǣƵ·ľ˹ȥ
סڤݴһһʮ֧ɫ죬뷭ħƺͨһڤƵģƬռ䶼ڡ
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ѪײƬ󷨿ռ䣬ཬĽ裬ضȫ
ֻҪȡ㹻ʱ䣬Ὣ֮Ѫȡģڤݴ˿ͣϵħ뵽֮Уȹ󷨣Ѫ󸡣
Ѫγײδ췢ʯĽɣɣɣ
ҰڰУȻĹļµϢٿ
Ұɫ΢΢óǸոھΧǼĴϢ
֮еĸǿ߶ܵ˴˵ص䣬Լͬ￿˹
ĴΧסɷƵˣŵˣҰûκܹߣ
ãĴң𣡡ڤɫľ
ڸѪսħԲɫ䣬Ƕԡ˵ĸˣһҲûκʤ㣬ֻҪӵ΢һ㣬ǻ
ڤݺȻУȵŵͺʱˣ֣
΢е㲨ͱˣɷƵ콾յȻһЦһ˴Ӱֳ
ϻ˵ͬƴܵ˼ʱڤݽıȳ
ִһ֣ԲķΧȫڣԼһߣĵƷ۷ķܹסĴӵʱ䡣֮ѪҪһ롣
ãɽ콫ʲôӵɣڤݹϵ˵˳ƴѪĳײ
ġԣ󣬾ҵ֮Ѫ񽫴ԲĺзԸ
ӦһֳܸŷѪɫķ⣬û뵽˾֮С
нʱ򣬷Ұ֪ĸ˹ȥ
֮УһƬʵཬ޷жϳ޷κζʶ޷̽
ңھ֮Уһָʴת˵Ұ˲ٵĵݣкܴĵֿãǳȥҲ֧š
ҰȫóΧɷΧڵһжظԺС
÷Ұҵǣڽ֮Ӧǰ洫һ޵ܵѪɫֶŨࡣ
Ұϲǵ֮ѪеϢϢϢķǱ˹ȥ
ԶԶأҰͿ·һѪظУ͸һɺسΧཬȿ͸һΰ
֮Ѫ


911 µĲ²
֮ѪؾеĴľѪǴ̺֮Ŵص
ִ˵еıҰĿǻȡ
ȻںڤħԱ߸ֳһɫӰӣԽԽħԦźڤħˡ
ħǴһƬƽпռдҰոոûзκ
ħŵ֮ѪңңƣгһɫУħȵգ
֮Ѫ˿δ
ҰҪֵģѹ˳ֵ˼
֮Ѫ̺һĪ޷ʶ޷֮뵽Уռ䱦Ҳһε֮Ѫ
ħ˼Σǵ֮Ѫʼû˿仯ɫ΢
ħ˫һһ״ĺɫĴиֶһε֮Ѫ˹ȥҪħطһε֮Ѫ
䣡
֮ѪϱһǿѪɫسԾޱȣǿƵĽһɫĶ鿪
ħܵɣѪɫɷޱȡ
Ұ΢ѹһε֮Ѫôöûбȡԭ֮Ѫлǿ
ҲΪˣһε֮Ѫܹ浽ڡĻһε֮Ѫͱ˶ˣﻹֵõǣ
ڴʱҰָܵǿϢ˹ķ⣬ŵ񽫴Բˡ
ħҲܵϢĵ֮Ѫеĵ
ħϸֳɫ֮ѪɷƵȷֵģͺʲô
һЦǺǵĵ޶Ŵ˴ǵĽʦڸڤӦڤѾӦˣ֮ѪҪָһ롣
ħովомǿϢֻȴӦУʱŵô˵˴롣
Ǿ֮Ѫȥ֮ڤʦֳŵȻָǣħٵ˵˳
ߣŰɣȳȥٷһ룡ģ㿴סȡһ񽫴Բĺпڡ
һпƮħǰŸľ㷨εؿסħ
ħЦб£ȡҲûʲôҲ㡣ʱޣҪȡͿ㣡
Ժ΢΢£ִ̧һϽɫĲۣӭǣ˲仯ΪС⣬ңңһε֮Ѫȥ
䣡
Ȼ֮Ѫ汬һ貵Ѫɫ񻪣ǿнⶼ˻ȥǸϽһѿ˼ѷ졣
Ժػ۵һѪׯµϲ𾪵ɫ
Ʒˣ
ʱ󶼷ƺϷڽмҵĴս
ãѾʦֽˣʦֶֻаӵʱ䣡취ȡĺŵ˵˳
ÿʱֻƴһˣħҧҧħҷü۳һ使εĺɫħ
ħʢһƺɫϢħ뽥۳ʵ壬һϸСõĺɫħһ㡣
ҰͷһƺɫϢİǵս֮ʱɢǼϢеһ
սü޵ɢƴ½Ĵ벻ħȻõһ
Ұи²⣬֮ѹǸؾйء
пܾǹˣ
ħóһϢĺͽȫɫľɣ
˵ľ޴Ӧ÷Ұ΢΢üͷǰһʺĵ֮ѪͷȻһŹֵͷһε֮ѪǹһξѪɣ
뵽ҰԼͷһ
ĴܣŵѪ
Ѫ˵κһѪܹ֧ҪѪСˣҪһ޾ܹѪ
һϢǹģһνĵ֮ѪҲǹģǹмĿܻѪ
һѪڹؾ֮У֪ᷢʲô飡
Ұ˼䣬ͼħüħʢһϸСĺɫӰѸޱȵһε֮Ѫ˹ȥ
ҰΣߵͨ˳˲һε֮ѪԱߣֽ̧ʥ˳ڵ֮Ѫǰ档
ɫӰһͷײʥ棬ʱһĲҽٵ˻ȥࡣ
ҰȫþתüͻȻ챮ڵ֮Ѫܣ˲佫֮ѪԼü֮С
㣡ħϳ˷Ұŭڵ
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ȻؼһƬ޴ĺȫ
ãʦֵĽˣɱ˸ٲ߾ˣĺɫľͷҲصϷ˹ȥ
ۣ
ĺиոճ󣬾ͱѪͷסһ븹С
Ұһ亹Ѫңңһ̺ʥϢĵâȫʩչߵͨг˳ȥ
ħʵɫڷŭѪѹ£Ҳֻȫڤħ뵽С


912 ؾ
ϿգڤݡոԴǱӴܣɢſֲϢ׷ɱǡ
ҰӰͻأĳھϿգþϿյȫ¡
ͼѪӾгѪлŰ壬ϡԱǽԺеġ
Ѫ˫ĿͨɨڤݵһۣڽԺеʬ飬ŷҰߵķ׷ɱ˹ȥ
ʣµ̬˷Ƶ׷ɱڤݡյˣڤݵ˱׷ķɢŲͬķ
ҰаԿЦ벻ѪͶסԼˣȫʩչߵͨ޷ѣѪ׷ԽԽˡ
ҪԭǷҰΪ̫ˣֻʦԲ磬Ѫ̫Զˡ
ѪԽ׷ԽҰһڳһģһӰĵӰͣĸͬķ˹ȥ
ĵӰϢͬٶͬѪҲ޷ӦһģһǼٵġ
գѪΪҰڻߣӰܲʣ׷ǰǵӰԶȥ
һ򣬷ҰԻ΢˿ٱ任·򣬿ʧߡ
Ѫ󸻹źӵһͨξΣˡ
һξ֮УҰջģõĵݣһõһε֮Ѫ
ңõһε֮ѪԺ󣬷ҰֱܹȷǹһξѪ
ݷҰĲ²⣬ⱻѹӡӡ޹֮󣬷ֳʶؾƴ½ͼѪߣһַʽ
ȻݷҰ˽⣬ѪֻЩܿ¸Ǹ֮Ϊ϶ﲻ֮ǰ۷״̬
ѪľΪΣҪѪ֮ʱʶǿ
ʶԽǿѪ֮ΪԽߣʶԽ΢Ѫ֮ΪԽ͡ʶ΢ӰѪĸʣкܴܻʧܡ
֮⣬Ѫ֮ʱҪ׼Ӵ׼ԽӴ֮ΪԽߡ̫٣ͬӰѪĳɹʡ
üеһιľѪҰ˳˼
ڵɽӶʥЭһξѪȻŹĲ־ҰҲаտԽ֮Ϊܵõߡ
ǣһξѪпǹһξѪ
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Ұ룬ڵΪѾﵽʦԲ磬һҪ񽫾ˣĵ̣Ȼڻ£һξѪǲʹá
Ұھӵ˳񽫵ʱֻǹؾҰȷǷܹӦ١
Ұ˼Ƭ̣ʼ޷¶ģȰѹһξѪüˡ
ιؾ֪忪೤ʱ䣬ҰǾԵ
ڤݺͽӦöϾǶǴﵽʿĴ׷ɱһӵĻӦû⡣
յĿԨҰɲٸ棬Ԩǲȥˡ
ʣµֵһȥĵط񵤸ҩ԰ؾ̨Լħ߶мֵ
Ұһ㳯Ųؾڵķλ˹ȥ
ҰҪĲǲؾеĹǹļš
˵ɨϵ콾Ƴϻ綼϶ʶ㡣
⣬ǷҰҪġ
ʱ䲻ãҰ͵˲ؾڡ
ԶԶȥؾһͨ¥
ݷҰ˽⣬ؾһ¥ŵĻ϶Ǽ˹һŵ鼮һЩӰ˵Ķ¥õѰ׹ĵášɡȵȡõǸ׹ż
ҰĿ꣬ǵһڶ鼮
Ұؾʱ򣬲ؾиѾһЩˣ󲿷˵Ŀ궼Ƕе鼮һЩȤ
ؾûƣ˭˭
ڲؾ󸽽ҰظܵһɿռּǰУǰĲؾԽԽԼԽԽС
Ұûоţ֪һַǳĿռ󷨣ڴ洢벻ã޹ԡ
ؾУҰǸɵС磬Լн﷽Բ˽ƣһűÿһΧǿĽƴڡ
СһݣͨϷĻɫУͨڶĽݡ
СУֻʿڲ鿴Ȼһ¥Ȥʵڲࡣ
ҰҪץסһ֪ǿ·ƵģԶܵһԡ
ҰһгһУöڣǿߡ
ϻŲƣҰˮƽֻڶʦ۷壬ƽΪʱ֮󣬲ŽöϵĽƳƿ
ҰüģеϢԺУһƪŴ½ĲֵͼȫӡڷҰԺС
Ұսüٴβ˽ơ
Ұ΢΢üͷȥҪأ֪Ҫȵʲôʱˡ
ʱ򣬷ҰȻ뵽üеһιľѪ
Ұ΢üеĻ;Ŵ챮һξѪϸ΢һ˿ھתİ£ڿһȦоٴǿ
Ȼ󣬷ҰֱץһööٶܣĽҲ˿öûƵģױҰüģϢӡԺС
Ұ΢΢һЦһξѪǻЩôһҪ鿴ƬؾеĸϢɾͿ̫ˡ
ңܹлȥ¥㿴


913 ؾ
ؾĲؾղؼ࣬ϵϸͼкƳд󲿷ĴµͼϻĲֵͼ󲿷ֶǹ㼣ĵط
Щ⣬Щ鼮ϼźеĸĵرڣһЩĿʯ䣬ҩĵϸȵȡ
ҰϲǣһؾУʮֵƷ֮࣬Ʒ񵤵ĵ
Ʒ֮Уݽ񽫵ͽĵֵҰѾõˣֱֵǵӳ;ۻ굤
ӳһϴĵҩܹȹ̾磬ϴӵеʣ֮¶ʹãͻ֮ʹøΪʡ
ۻ굤һ־ĵҩֻҪһ˿ڣۻ굤УͿòлֵۣҩЩߡ
Ʒ񵤵ĵ֮һܹ񽫴ԲͻƵ֮ʱӼʣƴ½˵ִ˵е񵤡
һǿֱΪĵҩǿߣؼӿٶȡ
Щҩ֮⣬Ұ֪ˣŴ½磬񵤵ĵ϶粢ȱȱǵصЩҩġ
Щļ֮У󷨡Ʒ෽棬һЩ˷ħ֮
ҰЩ֪ʶȫԺУĳʵԺʶ
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Ұֱӣݵǵǰ棬ϸۿ
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Ұۿ˲ؾһе򣬶󷨵һ¥۷Ѿﵽʦˮ׼
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Ұ΢һӣһ˰̨ϡ
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ˣ̨ףҪˣڲؾһ¥࿴ļءһ񽫸Ÿͳ
Ұո̤ϰ̨ף͸еһɳɽѹԼѹ΢һ٣Ӳ
Ұ΢΢һЦʲƷѹ˵Сһ
Ұòͣٵ̧ڶֻ̤ȥѹ£̩ɽ״΢΢£ߵ벻Ȼס˵һ̨׵ѹ
⼸𾪵ĿУҰһŲ̋˹ȥ˵ԽȥѹԽ󣬵ǷҰٶ˿
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״ɵɫŽʧеķҰҲ̤ȥ
δĵڶֻ̤ȥ״󺺾;һɿռ֮סֱӶ˲ؾ
ʣµǼ񽫶˿ҺŷҰǼʧıӰĿг˼ɵ
еѹڷҰ˵Ͳʲôûжһ·ɵߵ˲ؾ֮С
ؾ㣬ͬǸС磬СӵȶһƬһݣӦͨġ
СУֻнٸڰĿĵҷɡʮڳŲ׽ǵΪͶ񽫺ڣÿγֶߣ޷ץ
ҰЩȣؾڶȵһöˣһֻڲ鿴ڶ㵹ʮˡ
ڶУصĶЩ׹ĵáŵȵȣҰץһ
ǸҪܹȥģڿҰƵʱȴȻˣֱ˷ҰС
Ұеüϣʱһƪ񹦳ԺС
Ұһ飬оľת̫ңԶˣ˳־ͽö˳ȥ


914 콾
ԱߵǼҲ˷ҰķӦҰΪʦԲ磬ʶľͰѸоҰõľǸûõ򣬲û̫ࡣ
Ұžתһ׹ۣ˼׹˳ֶˡ
Ұص㣬ǷЩĵ棬ʮ֮ڷ˷ҰԾ
СӣΪʲôץסʱû˿и񽫺ڵɫƵŷҰѯ˳
ҰɨһۣƽĵƷйء
СӣϽƵķ򣬱Ҷ㲻Ǹ֮ɫиֳһӡŹŹĵĺɫ׶ӣŷҰ˹ȥ
Ұüë΢ŶҵҪôҲ
ŭһеĺɫ׶ӻ׶ӰŷҰ˹ȥһַռĵ̺С
ҰųâڵħѪ׷ڣƳȭõĶǰ׶Ӱ˹ȥ
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һƵ촫׶ӰʱɢǱɫ׶ӶҰһȭ
ҰǰԵһȭû˿ͣڴƵģݺݵӡǸߵϡ
أ
ߵʱըѪɢСȫյǴûйƵġ
Ұһ΢飬ץȡۿ
ʣµļ˶һĻסˣһ񽫺ڵǿߣһȭɱˣҰʵɲ⣡
ǿҰʦԲΪװģȻĻɾɱ񽫺ڵǿߣ
ңǲؾ㣬󲿷񽫶޷һʦԲļһܽģ
磬ǸΨ磬ʵһУʶҰʵǿһˡ
ҰֵУʼۿŲؾĸ
򲢷ǹһɱһЩǿµġ
мصĹеĸĵãҲͬеȻ෴ǼЩǿߣÿŷǷĳɾ͡
ʸڲؾڶٶﵽľ磬Ҳ
Щر˼ײ÷Ұڴ˸̵оԼĵǾһϴƵģƺôࡣ
ؾ򲻶࣬Ұֻһʱȫꡣ
ڼ䣬и񽫴Բļһۺ췽ҰܹϵĽƣƷҰҰӲӲؾƵ˲ؾһ㣬ҲС﷽Ұˡ
ҰؾеЩ񽫣Ųؾİ˹ȥ
̨ףϣСȥؾɻѯʳ
񽫴ԲǿƱˣ˵սǳǿܸͻƵ˵ܽ뵽ؾ֮С
˵ʲô̥ϵκνƶ˵˿Ӱ죬̫Źˡɶƴ½ǳ׹ܹ谭Ĺۿ𣿡
٣ʲô̥ؾ֮п콾ѾȥˣŵңͺڻĻڡؾЩϵĽҪǶСûӰ죬һﲻŹġ
˵Ľ̸УҰ̤˰ݡ
ݱһ֮Ǹѹö࣬㷽ҰͿƷѹҲ΢΢š
Ұڵÿһëжƺħ֮ٴαǿǿѹס
Ұһоƾѽ뵽ؾ㣬ֱӽԼ˳
ڷҰľתޱȣʦԲΪͱȴ󲿷ֵ񽫻Ҫۺ񣬿񽫺ڡ
ó֮󣬷ҰٸѹһһŲؾ˹ȥ
ҰһɵСУǲؾĵ㡣
ռ䣬·ȫͬ
ûκӰӣɫɵʮ˸̨ʮ̨涼һӲӵĹ֣ʣµİ˸̨Ӷյġ
ʮ˸̨ǰ棬վʿһһϮۣĶţٷ硣һ˺ѱĿ˸ƾ⡣
˵Ϊڣ
Ұ²⣬Ӧþǲؾ¥Щ˵ңͻ
ףʦԲ࣬Ȼ˲ؾ㣬򵥰껢ĵ˳
ңҲЩȣº͵ЦЦЩĵ˲ûΪʦԲӦ巽żĳɾ͡
ĵЩ̫ˣΪ˸֣û뵽ֻǸʦԲļһ⿿壬ӿûʲôƻ֪ʲôʱƿһˡ


915 
ҰûԼУҲֵ徲Լʶɨ˹ȥʮĶ֮󣬶ʱһ
ʮ棬һļ칦
һ涼Ƕй֧ʿȻøֹ֮УҲ亱
͵߸棬幦е£ܹӵпƷֹǷҰϵġ
ϾҰڵѾﵽ˿Ʒĳ̶ȣ˵һöûС
ڰ˸һ׵ϵĴͨΪ
ͨ޳ˣʹףޱȣԵס
ھŸһ׽ͨɱ
ֽ֮ͨĶԽ࣬Խǿ
ʮ֣һרĹΪ
ܹ׳꣬ʶһǧͬʱͬ飬ʶΪֱ״
Իʶ
Ұһ۾Ϳ״ʶĹ֣پתܣǿ
ҰľƵӡ˵ƵӡľţҰҲһġ
ǣ˺磬ƵӡЩϽˡ뵽Ұ˷ҰĶ̰壬þתҲݲߵȼ񹦷
ҰȻŹ
飡
һӲӵӡصغڵڰ˵棬ҵһζȻٴλָƽ
ﬣ
ңһŽһĽ⣬ݺݵش˵ڰ˵棬ֻζĸЩȴû̫ķӦ
ͬʱ֣ƴ½϶ܹһˣֶƲԿɼֵķ֮ǿ
ҰĿңһۣоڰ˵ֿɲʺңǸʺǻңȴڰǵ֣֮ӦǴһЭ顣
ҰһۣͲǣ˵ʮǰһ˫ǵ档
ҰŴһ˿ѪϢز£ԹϢкܴķӦ
Ļ֮£ҰɲҾҡڵȡһͿɿ˫֡
ոյҰظоȷƿֹ֣ƿ֮ᴥʹֱӾͻᱻ͵ؾ档
ңִͻģڴͽ֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪Լᴫ͵ʲôط
Ұ˼һܹõıõˣٲᱻȺǿзɱ
СӣȻֲĿȻĶڷҰϣһѹŷҰ˹ȥ
Ȼ֣ȴϸ緢
ȻҰܹ뵽㣬ô˵СעһֱڷҰϣҰԴѪʱ˵ֲ΢ɲ飬طֵ춯
һ콾ĸȣҰȫѪӿȻȻųһĨʣеսһ㡣
ңĿҲ˷ҰϣĿг˾֮ɫŷҰȻֲܹ
Ұ΢΢üͷ̹Ȼӭ˻Ŀ⣬ĵƿֻ֣ƿһ
ãƿڰ˵֣ĿһϲɫֱŷҰ
ΪʲôҪ㣿ҰǷһ˿ĳ
⻢ԼɸѰʦԲСˣָʹ÷ҰЩС
˵ңǿߣȷҰ󾳽磬ҰΪСǣҪƼ˷ҰҰϻɽӶһɱʥܹӵޣҲܹڵļһв
ң΢΢£ңǸֳһ˿Ц⣬ϸ˷Ұһ飬оҰƵı鲻װģҲɵöȤ
ʦԲСһּۻ۲ɣµ˵˳
ҰɨһۣƽĵҪõĶͬʱһ֣ҲҪĸµʱƿʱ䣬ȫڹؾлøıһطں̵ܶʱھƿһ֣ʡʱ䡣
˵Ұ΢ͣ£˫Ŀֱӻ˵˳ҪҳְùĶҪó㹻ĳ롣ңܿԳԡʾһ䣬Ҷҳ֣Ͳһְæˡ


916 
һʦԲļһвüëһĿչֳһɱ
ô˵ҰֻǸʦԲʿƽĸ˵ûоܵ˼ơ
ҰЦô⣬Ҳδɡ
ڸܵһɱʱ򣬷ҰѾˣ˺òʧ
һֻҪץסѻ꣬һܵõӵƽ֮ŭһֱӽеһӡ˳ɽСݺݵŷҰȥ
ﬣ
һ֮һƬռ䣬ңϵǱŽնһӡ棬һɫӡ˳ȥ
ңң˫Ŀŭң
ң˰֣Ц̫ļ˵㣬λֵƽ֮ҶԹеĹҲǳȤ
㻹һʦԲļһɫ
Ұں˵˵ʦԲļһôƿֹ֣˵ҲϣҰܹƿ֣ǶڷҰ˵ģʵû취š
ңܸɴ˵ƿ֣Ҳ㡣
ֻʱѹеŭһ̵ҾͿôƿػֵģһʦļһƭˣ콾Ͷˡ
Ұң˹֣Цлֳ
ңĿתƵ˷ҰϣŷҰݲȵɫͷ΢ЦСֵƿ֣ȻῪĳ롣
ھŵֱȵڰ˵ҪһЩҰ
ԷҰȻһ۾ͿңĿڵھŵ棬ֻΪھŵֱȵڰ˵ָƿң˶Σƿڰ˵֣ûĳִۡ
ң˷Ұһۣ޵ʮǰ棬һû˵ҪƿһȻܲ³ҪھŵеĶɲ򵥣ҵЩƿˡ
Ұĵʮ棬ֻеھŸǽУҲô¡
ңεЦЦһһӡŹľӳУЦǾһƷ۷ܹ֮⣬ֵ꣬Ӱֵ˼άֻҪƿھŵ֣ⱦˡ
Ǿңֱ͸СӣһƷ͸øжˡƲ쳰ңոճʼջн١
Ұ˿ңеĹžҡҡͷžļֵԣòҲȱ㻹ǻİɡˣ˳˵һ䣬ֹֻ֣ܰƽٷ֮ʮţһҪԼɡ򣬴칦ͳȥľˡңҪȸۣҲŻ֣Ȼ뿪֮Ҿˡ
΢΢סˣ쳣ıҰȻϣ
ңҲɵüͷȱƷ۷ɱĴ̫ͨǿһֱȡֱ㶼ۣ
Ұûж˵ʲôһ쵶УԵĵ͸һɰԵ׵Ϣ
쵶ƷѾﵽƷСң˴ѪԵʣ쵶ƷѾڴ󲿷Ʒ۷
һѵʺңѿڶĿ˸ŻȵĹ󣬴
ңһ£Ƶ˵زȷҪҵĹž
ʲôϳʧɫҰĿлЩʡ
ֻ˲ܹӳ˵õҲûʲôãֻвܿá
㱾ǱҲֻܷӳܡ
ȻҰ쵶ǱõҲûá
ңžƬ̣һ
һһɫڶһɫһɫʯ
ң͵һļеƷ뵽ıУܹıлɱƷڶɱ޴һܹ񽫴Բǿ߶вģܹɱɸ߼Ļ档ҸΪʺ㡣
ң֮󣬷Ұֽ˹뵽УȻЦҶĸȤͺˡھŵ֣Ȼ򿪡
Ұ֪һңͻܲ²Լ𣬲Ϊģ¶Ҳֵˣ


917 ɱ
ңóֵͬǣܹ񽫴ԲǿвǶԷҰ˵ЩˣΪԼܸɵ񽫴Բļһ
Ѵܹ쵶лɱƷҰЩĶһȣȻѡġ
ϾļļʣɱĵļҪöࡣ
ģܹɱ䣬ԴʱķҰ˵Ӻʡ
ңʣµڷҰȡƳֵңǲ⣬ķҰűߡ
ңһҰоӴܵͷңܹһʱ䷴ӦԲ鷢
ĿƵĶŷҰȻѯʵСӣڣ
ҰĮɨһۣǹճһ˿Цû
üë΢ҰķӦȷ˷Ұӵ顣ԷҰɱ˵޷ʹ÷ҰıҰڣܹΪС
һ˵ֻҪӵͻɢؼ䡣
ǣֻҪӵ֮ǰĨԭµʶӡǣܹ׽ұֱҪ򵥡
ڻɱ⣬Ұ͸ӦˣȴûнвϡӴ˴뿪֮󣬵صģŻܸ͵ͬһط
ң㻢ĽɱҲûһս֮
ƵѣͰƿһҰң˵һߵھŸػǰ档
һȻףҰңģ
ңƵЦЦƮȻڷҰߣº͵ĵ㾡֣ܳԻῴ㣬Ҫҳֵʱ͸ҡ
Ұ˵ͷĿ⼯ڵھŸ棬˫һµ־ʩչ˳
Ҫƿֻ֣ҪҰڵĹѪܹƿǷҰɲֵɣ־ʩչڹΧһϵĹŹ󷨣ֶģ
ֵϵ󷨣ǷҰڵǸżѧģҲֻǴͨƤëõĲࡣ
ʱ˶Ŀ㹻ˡ
ףϵ󷨣λҪ󣿡ңϸֳһ˿ȵɫſڵ˵ϵ󷨷ʽһҲ˽⡣
ҰȻһЦĵֻǽֵֹ߽ĺĽƣʱҪԳֲС
Ȼһ±Ƴˣֽ·ˣңЦ
Ұ˫е־ԽԽӣ־ʩչ󲿷ֶǵ
ֵþת˶εģеԶƴ½Щɱȣңͻ𾪲ѡ
ڷҰóĵϵ󷨽УھŸֽڸȥʶ޷浽ʲô
ҰתͷңƵѣע⣬ϾҪ߽еĺĽˣҳ󷨵˲䣬Ҫȫ֡Ӧ̫ǽоͻȥҿɲҪɱĴС
ң΢΢鴤£ֽУˣҰȴ˵Ҫеһ
ã
ʱңȻҴ⣬˫ĿضŵھŸ֣ʱ˳ֵ׼
ĿҲڵھŸ棬Ҳ뿴ҰǷܹƿֹ֡
ĿУҰݵĽ̽뵽˵ϵ֮УԼڵĹѪ˳Ź͸˹ȥ
Ǹػֿٱðľ˲䣬Ұٳƣ˳ֽ˶Ŀ󷨳룬ͬʱдȣڣ
ﬣ
ңȫʩչ˵һصնǸػ棬Ǹּ˲䣬һ߽⿪
ңϲɫͼеɱĹԶɵǰһɿռ֮ȫס
лңŷҰһЦ˿ʧֿռ䲨֮С
Ŀų⣬ţҰȻƿػ֣
ңһ𹥻ҲֲֹֻЩû뵽ھȻҰô򵥾ƿˣ
Ŀ˼£ؾֻ֮ʣͷҰˣֻҪ·Ұܹ׵õеĶ
ֻҰִݲȵı飬ûɵĸеһ飬֪ҰǷ񻹲ʲôƣ·ҰȻû˰ա


918 ƻ
һת˲⡣
϶Цݣ˴֣ŷҰλѣո³çˣϣ㲻ҪҼƽϡʲôҲҪѰæƿڰ˸֡
˵䣬ʶӷҰɨڷҰһ޵ʶӡǡ
뷨÷ҰȰõеĹڷҰ˼ǺţҪڳȥ֮ȥҷҰ鷳
ʱ򣬷ҰϵһбﶼҪС
ҰɫȻһ仰Ҳûж˵
ҰӽԲǿߣлıӦȴûжԡ
ȻҲõѰװ׳֣ȻӦеıꡣռļֱһҲңóЩѿѡһ֡˵˳ڿһڰС
һǿ龧Ө貵ĽɫֻаƴС⻪˸µ֣һɵѹʾǰǿ
ڶһƷҩеİݽ
ŵҩڻԷҰջ֪ҰƵֵҩٿˣҰȫԽЩݽԡ
һ졣
˷ܵĽܵһǿǣӦһӲͷǹǣҴӺڻĽõģǰһλԲǿߣпһλ߽˸ǲѡ񡣡
ҰûʲôӦּܵڶǰݽӦ˵񵤡һƷ񵤣ʦԲʿ񽫾磬żĺôֻҪ׼㣬϶ܹسɹҿŵҩʺġ
Ȼ󣬻ּ򵥽µһһ󼶱ɱֻҪס񽫼ǿߡ
ϣϣŷҰλѣ㿴һֱˣ˾ֱ߰ɡ
ҰĿǿɫ棬ֱ
ڻóʱ򣬷ҰԸоڵһ˿Ѫ͸˿˿ȡ
Ұи²⣬ɫĹǹĹ
ҾҪˡҰֽǿɫٻصԼߣֱ뵽С
ʣµĿڷҰϣЦǷ԰ƿڰ˸ˣ
Ҽʱ˵ҪƿˣҰɫû滢ƿֵ˼ĵߵ˵ʮǰ档
Ϣ΢ͣɫ΢΢Ѳ˵Цɣ㶼ˣȻ֣
ҰϾĵ˵ҿĸֱߣһʲô
Ŀ˸űɱȻСӣˣңΪܹӵõƲԳԷƣǾͱҶѻˣֻʣˣͱָңܹˣ
ҰɡҰ޺ЦЦư˵ʮ棬ڵĹѪȫ˳˲䰵ȥ
ѪϢõ˹ľѪɫľӿֳһͷɫһٳŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ˣҰЦһֵµǸֺȻ飬ƮȻڷҰУһӴĿռ䲨Ұס˲ʧԭء
¡¡
ǰԵһ˰մһĺȴʼջһҰʧ
۴УǵһôһһʦԲСС
Ұƭǿһǰ֧ңûľ֧
ңȻһ֣ϣܹƿڰ˸֣õĴͨ
ǣҰǰң֧ˣʣһˣһֱؾرգҲ޷ƿ֣
ֿռ䴫͵ľ벻̫ԶСҵʶӡǣӲԶһҪƤʮ˲ɫ۴һٴӲؾ
ؾ¥¥ڴżʿ׼ԣȫŭĻһĳ⽴
ͣŭڵŲؾһ¥ȥ
ؾĶ¥лвʿڲ鿴򣬼ɱڵıŭӣԶԶÿŻ·
ôˣ˭ˣ
ŵңδѵңŭˣ
ؾ¥ڶʿ²ңŭ˻
һ·ֱײĳ˲ؾ󣬾ͿٸӦԼҶµǸʶӡǡ
֮󣬻ٴ˫ۣŵľʶӡʧˣôܣ


919 ɱ
ھؾ֮ңһɽУҰˢһ˫ۣǸֳһ˿Ц⡣
ϵǵӡǣʧˡ
һλµӡǵȷЩŵտʼʱ򣬷ҰóʥҪµǵӡĨȥȴʧˡ
գҰǶ˻ڽǵʶӡ
һβؾ֮УҰջķᡣ
Ұڲؾһеõص֪ʶõֵڵڶдԼĴϴꡣڵеõ˴õһԼһ
˵ջЩһ۲
вǣҰڲؾе˻Ȼɱ֮졣
ҰȻɵҲ
飬ǻдȣһֱԷҰϵı룬ζɱ㷽ҰһǻͬŹ
ڵˣҰ˵ֻǿһˡ
ʱ򣬿ǻˣҰںؾôǻʧȥʶӡǣҪҵԼǲܵ顣
Ұ˸򣬿ǰ˸εɽǱ˽ȥס˶ڣϢʶĽơ
ҰǱǿ˳΢Ƭֽ̣ķ˻ȥ
Ұڵʶĵǿ󣬵÷滹Զڹؾ֮У϶ɱʵǿ
Ұʶ뵽˴Уʱеĸסˣר꣬귽۵㶼÷Ұéٿĸо
Խ꣬ﱾԴɱ䣬һҪǿöࡣ
ң÷ϵͳ
ݴصֻҪǿˣʶУˡ
ʶУһõУֻܸӦ״ȴһ־Ĺֱ˺ꡣ
ȥ껹иɱ䣬γʶ˷ʤ׶ΣѾ̫ˣֻǰ벿֣ûĻķš
ҲûϸֻиĲ롣
ʶܹγһ磡
һ磡
־磬һѲľ磬һ֮ͿԶûзţֻǼᵽһ䡣
ҰʩչתԺԶܻƵĴôø
ΪҲֻݻʶһһǸΣҰһͷܻȽпʵ֡
ҰʱҲļҪᵽҪһĵزҪ㹻ǿܣһõڼҲûá
£ҰݴʼԼ꣬ͷ뵽֮Уٸ֮嫣㷽Ұﵽ񽫺ڵľ磬ʱҲһַǳСĸо
־صĹУҰ񳹵ױص𺳣ڲ֪ǿһе˿˿ż˳ȥ
º󣬷ҰŽʶչ鵽ڣ֮ǿﵽ񽫴Բ硣
ʱУҰ˶÷档
ǿںܣҰʶǳɡ
һʱ䣬ҰȫʶеķţͷһͿԻֲͬУ򵶻򽣣ܻ棬ȵȡ
껯˷ʤԲ£Ұ϶ܹɱ
ԲǿߣĴ֮£ʮа˾Ҳޡ
Ұʶ򣬿ϧ֧֮գҰֻʱȷԺΪǿ˿ٿʸ
ʱдҰоԼΪ޽ӽ񽫾磬ֻȷؾǷӦطԹͻƣʱûҳͻơ
ҰһĳУͬģʥһС
Ұոռʥʥŵζèһ㣬һ˵棬ĳװڡ
ʥڲϵķʱɫ죬ʱɫ˸ʥϢȴԽԽֲ
ֹͣʥǿֲĸ½ɽ˴룬ɱϡ
ɱʥֳһϺɫʣ͸ϢҰеɵв


920 ¥
ʥɱ䣬ҰϲҲû뵽ĵĹЧ죬Ȼڶ̶̵ʱھʥһֹ
ɱ䣬÷ҰʵԵٶҲӵһս֮
ɱ䣬÷ҰɽӶ˼
ҰɽӶɽӶǹɺسѹɣǶڷҰ˵ôԳˡ
ϾɽӶܾˣɽӶ֮Ѿһ˿ϵɽӶлݷһҰľʱҲֻɽӶ
ʥɱ䣬ҰٴγŶʥɽӶʥͨɽӶ
ιͨҰ׵ľͽɽӶƿһѷ죬ʱһɳȵµϢ÷ҰֿƷекܴѹ·һӾҪΪҽƵġ
Ұ߾ȫԣڽɽӶĸƿ˽룬ĿɨȥֻܿɽӶͮͮһƬ޷嵽ݷʲôĻ档
ɫ˰Եֻд˵еˣҰĿй⻪˸ͷֱ
Ĳ²ʵ˵ƴ½ˣϵƳ磬䶯
Ұһѹĵ׵𾪡
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ڹĵڣҰµһЩǴ˵е̨Ԩ
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һŮһϮɫȹճµģȹһͷɫķ֡
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˵ĿҲٴλ۵˷ҰϣǶڰԲ²⣬ʦԲСôͷɽλ콾˹ϵ
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Ұȭͷųһ貵ͷ˹ȥ
䣡
һ޴ĺͷȻ飬ҰϵҲʧȥ
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922 һЭ
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ڶʿĶַһžͱȵϺüƷˣͷȲѡ
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923 ׵
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潣涼һ㵭ɫԣԶγһƣչλصѪ棬ҪѪ
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924 ս
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925 Χ
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926 ū
㷽Ұʵ죬ҲҼսȥȥ³ֻһǾ
ҰץסᣬʩչһͨĸһģһӰĸͬķ˹ȥϢһģһ
е϶˸𾪵ɫҰʩչ̫ͨˣϢΪѪȷȫûκ޷ֱĸĸǼ
ռͨϵͨһӵǿʦԲͿսĳɾɳƴ½ϵߴѹƲסӣǵгصɫ⼸ν֣ڷҰǱӼɵ
˵ĲܷŹֿ׷гһȫһɫ̨ų⣬ڰлжһӰڵķ׷ɱ˹ȥ
ȥߣȥǱߣ׷ǳȳһΪһͷɫķˣת𣬿һ׷˹ȥ
ԥƬ̣ʣµӰ濴£˸׷ɱ˹ȥ
һʶĶ޾ϸĶڷҰĵףԼ׷˹Ұа
ܿ죬Ұ˾ųһĨĵâת˲
׷ĺܺǰɣҰзһɱ
һƲʶһųһѤô۵ĺɫâܵâ˸ֹҰ
һƲʶаԽп࣬ĸһȻǷҰ
ոոҰν֣Թ˷ҰĿڷҰǳļɵ
Ұв˿һˡ
˼ǣҰΪŽʦԲ磡
Ұִ̧һƬʥϺɫӿڣ޿ײĽһʶڡ
һƲʶһҵĽ˻ɶСӣٴξ֮ʱұضҪң
в㻹ûܹҰĮޱȣüгһƬ嫵λ磬ֳ渡֣ʱãʱ˲뵽˹һƲʶڵС
һʶٴĲҽгܿȥ
ϾǹһƲʣʶ˵ǰʵǿޱȣʣµĽһƲʶӵе֮һ
ǼιУĵĲˣֳ˷ҰɭĳһƲʶѾ;ƿݵĵزƺһӾҪҷһ㡣
ﬣ
ٴӰе׹ڵأһ֮
ͣСӣɱңͻҷˣôĥңʲôУһƲʶһİ
Ұĵҵˣ㸴
һõĻȥˣֱΣȷҰ˵꣬ͷŭһֻβ͵èЪ˹
Ұһʥ˲˿γһƬ嫵ڹһƲʶת
𣬶ڹһƲʶ˵һƲʶû͵ĵƻƵģʱܻϨ
ȵȡһʶϸ
ҰҲ֪ʱҲżʥԶЩʱŹ˹һƲʶ
ǵˣҰĮѯʳû˿顣
ĬƬ̣ĵڵʵû취ҵĵ˵ҵѪˡҴӦ㣬Ҳ޷Ҹ
ҰĵľѪϣһξѪѪ뾭ҵͷͬ⡣һ֮䣬ͿɶһξѪʱûϣ
£ҪѪҪߴļһﶼ֪ԨڵʵҪߴжȡϲܡ
ǾͲˣūͣ㸴Ҳ㣬ȻȥĲʶҰĮ˵˳
ҿԴӦ㣬һӵūͣһ֮ɡֱҰɡε˵˳г
Ұ˸Ƭ̣ͷãͰ꣡


927 𳼷
ʱ䣬ںڶʿ˵Ǿǵָһ˲ʱ⣬һչؾ͹ȥˡ
ڷҰ˵һʱ䣬㹻ܶˡ
Ұģڰ֮ڣ
ſӡʶӡǡҰĮ˵˳
һƲʶǹճһ˿мЦݣܹϵķſ񣬺ߵūӡǣǾ°ɡˣ֮󣬻ɣ
Ұٸϻ˫ֿӡüľŴ챮һ򻯰ħֶ뷽ҰɭϣܻһصӡǣֱӡڹһƲʶ档

зһĲҽĲʶޣĵСӣʲôӡôҵ
ΪҰǸʦԲĲ񣬾ʶūӡҲܹ׳忪
û뵽ҰӡʶӡǿֱӽģظоֻҪҰһͷʱҷ
ңڵʵѪ֮Ҳûκοܳ忪ӡָǰ۷Ϊпܳ忪ӡҲұ֤
Ұɨһۣƽĵˣ֮ԻỹɡˣۣҵֶΣô򵥡
ʶһƺˣһû뵽֮УٴηɻصҰǰߵСӣʶƬؾжҪҰ㣬ʵʵóö
ҰһųϺɫ棬صĻ棬ʶĲҺ
ҰĮĵעݣѾǸ߸ϵĻˣֻҵˣԺƺΪ˻
Сӣ㻹湻ݵİһ¾Ͳ㽫Ҹɢˡ
һ仰û˵꣬ͿҰٴϺɫȻģҲòĿڵһʱ֮ת䲻¼¡
ҰǹճһĨЦ̬ڷıˣǸĿʼ
ǵʲôţСѯ˳ҶܵĿɲ٣ٷˡ
ţҰ˵˳
û˵ΪҰǳû뵽ҰȴǸû˵ŵ
ڲ˵𣿡ҰĻһ䣬ûж͡
ټ⣬ҵĵԨ֮УвƣһҲƿңνɲ٣ҪжõĲ󡣡
ǻ𣿵ʱ㽫ԼĵǣͿˡҰȻ˵˳
΢΢£Цֻƿ˽ƲܽǣԼҲ⡣ңҵıֳܹĹɲʶֱƴ½Ĵֻ֮һ˵ʵڵ״̬ԴɲʶƤ¶ʵõ˵ҲӲô˵׷ɱ
Ұ΢΢üͷаһȻʱԻȫõƤӵȡѾһѿ֮ߡ
ò޷Ѫ㵱ūͣҲﲻʲôæڵõôаգЩš
ҰһһӲӵĹУɢһǿʢƴ߼
ҵͷǹǣãⶫټΨһһξѪһҵİոˣ˵˳ƺѾԼѪһĻ
Ұ𣬵ĵԹˣڹؾУǵõĻᣬġ
ܷһָһЩֺõ˵˳
ҰĽһƿĵЩʶ˵Ӧùˡ
ɢ˿˿Ƶĺɫ⻪ƿڣϲĽ˳Һôࣿϴıﰡ˶ıҺܹһָܹһʶٴ׳һ
߰ɣеϢٽˣ˵ز˾ֱȥԨҰĿԶɨһȦߵͨ˳ٳԨڵķλ˹ȥ
һΣҰŽǱ˳֪Ƶ
ҰԼ쵶ȥøˣֱԼʹá
ϾڹУܷӳ


928 Ԩ
Ԩһƺؾеȫ˴ĵ׷һӵѹָС
ԨҰ΢΢üͷ
Ԩн﷽Բ޾ʶ̽ףֻܸӦԽ棬ϢԽŨ
Ԩؾеһ𣬽ƬأҵĵֱڷҰԺ
ҰȻԼӡģǾֱӴǰڰɡ
Ц㻹濴ҡֻһƷǳ΢ĲʶʵޣʵĻָŻաֻ֪ҵĵԨݷǾ巽λ治
Ұ΢΢üͷ巽λҪӽԨҳڣǿɲһ׵顣
ƺǿ˷Ұ飬ָϽҲ޷֪巽λֻҪҵĵǧ֮ڣҶܹӦ巽λ
ȥ˵Ұٶ룬һԨƮȥ
ԨƽҰҲҳ̫졣
ԨϿգХʱʱз֡Щ飬ԹһЩ񽫶кܴӰ죬ҰȻҴ⡣
Ԩȳ󣬷Ұ֪½˶ò½˵ײŨγˮ滹ݷﵽ񽫼飬÷ҰӾ衣
Լ֪巽λҰƬֱ̣ϢŨĵط˹ȥ
ͬԣǻؾеϢڷĻϢԽŨĵطĿԾԽ
Ԩʵ̫ˣҰѰһ¶ûκνһӰû˲ٴﵽ񽫼ĹӰ飬ȫҰɱˡ
ʱ䣬һƲʶҲȫָ˹ǿҰЩ⡣
ҰѾڹʶӡӡܹӳԽǿԽ
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һգԶȻһɾ޴ĺңңͼԶһҫ۵Ľɫ⻪Ԩײڶ𣬺ܿûȥ
ҵĵϢѾҵˣһƲʶشг
ҰĻأȫߵͨƵĳŲķ˹ȥ
ڷҰܣֳһϸܵĽɫۼƬΧһϺɫ棬;Щ񽫼꣬ȫҰǿƵײ鿪˾һƵģѹһ赲
ԨķΧޱȣ㷽Ұȫ·Ҳ˺üʱŸϵǹɲĵص㡣
һ·ϣҰĵصüɫ⣬ϵɢԨеĺڰƶӦڲϵĹĽơ
Ұϵʱ򣬲ŷ֣Ѿۼ˲ˡ
ɷƵڤݡħˣŵͺ¿ڻĻͷɽķǣŵңڵչλأȵȡ
һЩҰʶˣһϢǿޱȡ
ǰһϵĺںɫ̳ԲнɴС沼˽ɫķġ
ڤݵ˶ȫһ̳ÿһι̳ͷҫ۵Ľɫ⻪úԶĵ
ҰԶĽĻ棬Ǵһ̳淢ġ
ҰĶǳؿԲǿһ𹥻̳ⷽӰ첢ֽɫĲ˼¾ͽǵĹȫжȥ
ҰԲ²⣬ǵͷһ̳֮¡
ڼ̳ţֻǼ̳ķӡ̫󣬺ƿڷҰԺ
Ұĵ˵ͷ⵹ǸĲ²һ
ҰĵҲ˵ע⡣
Ұ֮΢΢£ɫĴЦҰȻ·㲻ߣ㴳
ڲؾ֮УвҰҰˣģŭ񣬺޲ýҰʬΡ
ϧһֱûٴҰ벻ˣȻŹҰ
ǣ֪Ұϱڶ࣬һر
ڤʦ֣ھжǵıħԶҧгݣڷҰĺޣ˿Ȼ١
ڤݵųɱʵһڷҰϣȻɱҰ
ǷҰڻѾõ˹ľѪ˵ʱܵõĵˡ
ɫЩѿĵλʦ֣ⷽҰŹһξѪ븴õϵһξѪ
յɫѿҰ߾Ѫ֮ʱ
ңһαΧȥļʦȫˣ


929 Ʒ
ޣҵǲȥˣͷɽķ˫Ŀ
Ұ࣬ԭڲ֪УѾôˡ
ѣЩ˶ˣңŵĵɴ˫ۣԼҲҽЩȫɾ
չλصǳ鴤˼£Źֵɫ޷һʦԲļһȻһ
̨ϵҲ𾪣еǳĲ˼顣
СӣҪʬΣҧгݵ˵һ䣬ִ̧һӲӵӡŷҰͷѹȥ
չѣ鷳ˡҰЦչλ˵˳
ãǵһΣչλعЦһ潣Ȼʣؼһ⣬ֱնһӡ棬һʯ֮
չλصõ潣һƷǷһӾͽһӡ˳ȥӡ⻪
ջشӡȻչλأ飿
չλشݵЦЦǷ飬ò
ʲô㲻ϧΪУҧгݵȳ
ҵõѽ飬ΣչλصЦ˵˳
ͫ΢΢£жЩɵ
Ҳ𾪣ǶչλеǱһƷҰȻ˵õȷǲС
չλأ㻹һ˵ֵô˲ɣĮ˵˳ϵķһƺӶŭˡ
ңϹŵЦݣŲƣվ˷Ұǰ͸һϢЦѶҲжε飬һݡ
ңڷҰİµõɱУ˵ĵĴۣ֪ǼֵԶԶȲɱУֹؼʱ̣Ҳվ˳
һҿôסСӣ˵˳
桢աжﵽ磬ټͻڤݣңչλس֣ҲסҰ
ҰЦ㻹濴ԼҪ֣ԡ
ҰûʲôηģҰԼͿԸһսĹҲӦһǵƣ̫ԡ
ˣڼ̨ķӡδƳֶһܷƳҿҸһµȴ˼±֮˵ԱиŻɫ۵꿪ڡ
һۣǼȵ˵ͷڤ߳ߣӣξӣǾƿķӡ˵
Ұ֣Ұңչλع˹֣Цлλ
չλЦһλᣬѾ˷Ŷ
ҰЦЦǻλ𣿡
ңЦǺǵĵһָоȻΪߣԸ㣬Ҳôס֣Ҳ㡣
㻹̧ˡҰǫЦЦ
ڽʱУ˶һƳӡӡŽۡݺᷭһ̲ͣĺ̨ϵ̨
һ£ӡʱ̶ţɷӡ޾Ƶģƾôģʼ޷ȫƳ
ڼ䣬ҰùԼٻȴûκηӦӡ̫ǿԼٻ
ǿڷҰϣҧгݣȴɵңչλأûжԷҰ֡
ʱУ˶طٻٻʧܸա
ͨЩҰƲ⼸ɹĲʶ
һħħǷҰѾȷˡһŵĽУ治֪Ϊλѡ˷֮һǻӣǸŵ콾ͬﵽ硣
취ļɲʶҰںܸõٻҵĵڷҰԺ
Ұ΢а˼ĥŸôĲʶ
ӡ̫ƣҰйʾѪ׳ƽӡҪ׵ö࣡Ȼìͷָ˷Ұ
Ұųɱ⻢ûûˣлᣬҰκġ
ڤͬȳɱ˸
ҰϵһʾѪǴеõģһ¹޹֮ڤҲ޷ˡ
ڤʦ֣ħͨϲ֣֮ϱȻкܴܣħĿ顣
ڤĿ˵ϲ֮ʾѪҪ
ǡ˶ɫƵĶŷҰҰЦһһٴγӰһͨ
ĵӰɱڵĳ˷
ʱ򣬷ҰȻѡ


930 ͻ
ѹ£Ұĵչ˹˶һִ㵵ĸо
һӣȫȻɫ
ҰһóصͨǵصŻ˹ȥ
ڶֳ쵶˸Ƶʥ𣬴һƬе۳һƬʵĵ򣬰ԵĹǡ
ֱףϢաͽڡ
ͬʱҰıֱӼ񹭣˲佫״һƽɫֱͣڤɱ˹ȥ
Ұͬʱˣ
ȻҪӲƴҪƬ̡
ҰеĻƽոıħ˹ȥ
ҪȶħϵһĲʶ
ҰĵӰһģһ˶޷ֱĸǷҰԶųԼǵչ˹
ħҰԼɫһٽǸħ˳Լεػס
ԷҰħɲҰƴȷغ˵ȵҰɡ
ǣС˷Ұ
Ұֱʩչ˻ΪεͨħԭءͬʱгʮƷħܺȻԱ
ң˶ĿɿڴʮƷǶӵУҰȻôԱˣǶһŵĸо
¡¡
һУħĵĴ˳ͷɢɫҰףüеħӡ֣˼¡
ȥɣҰһգУһƬ״ĵΣħն¡
ħʧɫæһɫƣȴֵܹסйһƲʶӳֵ
Ҫ֪Ʒ
ۣ
һǿƵĽħΪ룬ħѪȾ˼̨Ŀġ
һɫ⻪ħϿٳҪ룬ȴǹɵ֣һĲҽбǿɡ
ʳħϵĹһƲʶ֮еĹĲʶ׳࣬д˷ܵĴЦ
Ұǿչλصһ
ҰܹΧУնħԼȡ֮ӣҲ֤Ұʵ
ʱ䣬ҰԱǻ·Ұ쵶ȴ쵶Яʥǿѿٴλع鵽ҰС
С֣ڤݵɫһƬڣŭڵŷҰɱ˹
ħڤݳױŭˡ
ڤݷŭˣǵ˶òᣬҰͬʱǳ֣նɱħǶеǳһŷҰɱ˹ȥ
Ʋ̨ķӡǽɣҰЦͷڷ޷裬͸һѱĿ̬
ҰڵľתתԼΪͷ˳ͷγһضƴơ
ƣҪɽ٣Ǿг𾪡
֮ôôǿҵٻҪǿôܣϲ˾ɫ
ƸӦؽһпڣʦֵܿٺˡ
Ҳ˲ٶԸҰˣź˹ȥһҰĿж˺Ȼ
Ұ̽ؾпͻƣŸ˴󵨵Ķ֡
Ұʹˣƾ׽֮Ȼƿ̨еĽƣĵͷų
ڴ֮ǰɱħõħϵһʶڵ֮оܹõĺô
ֻҪͻƵ񽫾磬вҲήͣҲסҰ
ǹܹĵѪǾ˹ؾЩһҲκβ˷Ұˡ
¡¡
ǵصѹһѹĻϢҰڣ񱩵Ƶû˲òһˡ
ҰԡУϵļȴϵըһһѪۡ
ҿʹﵽƷĵزȻĻһӴͻֱˡ
ҰĬ˲ͨϵļϵı飬ÿһ鶼ǿͣңеĴ֮ҲϱΪԼ
ʱƣԽԽǿҰϵԽԽأкüζ¶˹ͷӣҰǿп˹ȥ
ҰлȡĴ󲿷ֵǿ
һʼ׽پǿҰҲԼܷ񿸹ȥ
£ڼ̨ϣ̨ϵĽƶھҲš
ŷҰеԽԽǿҰоԼԽԽǿڵĸͨÿһ缡ܣ߲
Ұһ㣬ȫÿһ缡ʹͣôҲԶ׼ģڵͨȡ׽еĴ֮˴֮תøԲڣֵҲǿ
˶񽫾ҲܾһͨҰѾͨһʮͨһѣ񽫽֮£궼ڷһַ츲صɱ䡣
ʵ׽ٵС·̨ϵĽҲ𲻶֪ʲôʱҪ鿪
Ұڵȫľ񣬺ݺݵس񽫾ıݳ˹ȥ
¡
ҰѴ֮ƿ񽫵ıݣȻ뵽񽫾֮Уǣûн
Ұڵû˿ͣ٣Ϊһ·Ƶ񽫳۷壬ǿƵĳ嵽ھ磡
һζɽ٣Ұ㣬ֱͻƵڣ
Ұף֮Իֽʮͨйأ֮ꡢΪȫɱ䣬ŻЧ
¡
ڴʱ̨еĽƺȻ飬һСĽɫ˴г
ĵԶ˾˳


931 Ϸֵ
ʽƽɢĵǡڤݡӡӡңչλصȫ˷ԶطŹڵ˹ȥ
ֱӳڷҰԺУڹֻʣһƲʶڷҰ֮δɢȥ֮ʱɲκεķǷ֮롣
ҰǹճһĨȻЦݣ̯һɫ׵УһԴϢ˲ʼɢȥƲС
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ʱҪɢȥĽٴηһɫ׹ȥڷҰĿ£۳һɣȻĳ·˹
ƣȻȫһҪֲ
ٻδպɫ󾪣æӽкһֻӴܡ
ҲŵøεѣԲֻӴܡ
ǱٵӦͻǵΪ½ƣĻǲҲѲƤ
䣡
һףݺݵ˳Ĺ֮ϣʱĵ˿ʮСһĵƬ˷
ЩƬһ㣬еĶգеأеĴݣͬ
Сӣҵĵŭ
Ұȵұ죡ĵܹЩѣصƴ½֮ҲӲߴŭ𡣷ֻǰĲڣܱ֤㸴ˣԺٻָ
Ұд㣬ùɵĵûտסͲԸ⿴ˡ
ԣηҰֱ׵ĵΪСһʮ飬һǲýԼƵ˼ϣܹùڿɿƵķΧڡ
˲˷Ұ룬Ȼеһۣǻĵ̫ĻҵѪĳɹҲ߰Ѫ֮ںܳһʱڶ޷ָ磬Ҫָ磬ҪһĵС
ڹ£Ұ֪ĽһĵƬ
£ʵĽƷ˼£ʧӰ١
շģ㾹Ȼһ˹ĵоŭӵ˵˳
٣УΪҲ֪һĲʶǲʶջصȻĵΪԼΪԼҲԲĹô¶մҰЦһٴγһ鼦СĵƬ˹ȥ
ҰµûоǴ㶯һƹĲʶټϽͽյİҪõĹĲʶȥԼΪ
ǣȫҰһƻˣȻǶŭѣԳҪĵƬչ鼺С
ڿٳ뵳ĺɫһƬ˹ȥ
ʱʵĽƳɢĵֱҰǿƺ飬˶ɫϲʩչطŵ׷˹ȥ
Ȼÿ˶޷ĹĵǶٶջ˭
Ӱڰ˸˴˻ģⲻ֪ѱҰ
ҰģȡӽСĵƬνջḻ
ңһƲʶͬõĿƬ
˻ٶõһЩƬ϶˷ܵɫ
СӣõĵƬȫɫƵĶŷҰ
εҷҰ鷳ҰͶɱֱӼ񹭣£һ֧ƽŻɱ˹ȥ
ҰʦԲʱ򣬶ܸϼУһͻƵڣ潻УҲʲһ
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һӡصŷҰǵƽȥȻƽ鿪ǹɾ޴Ҳۡ
Ұ֣͸Ӧ綼ʼҡһֲȹ̵ļ
ؾҪرˣӺȻڵ˳
ŹһƲʶεĹƬ֮Уõ˲Сĺôڹؾرգûʧ
˶΢Լ²˳ؾĿ͹رգĵйأڵˣƬҲҰͼϷ֣ؾʱڰˡ
ңչλضŷҰЦѣڣ
ڣҰӦ
ŭСӣȥ֮͵źڻŭɣշģɷƵŰݷõģڤͬв
СӣǱҷͷɽȡģǸԷŭ
ӷ𣡡˸ţؿ˷Ұһۣʧԭء
Ұ˶ųĵֿ˱һ˳ȥ


932 ػɽ
ɽڶŵĳ϶ڵȺŷҰĹ
һŤƻõĹؾٴγ֣Ӱ½ƵĴӸ߿׹£Ͽˡ
ϿһŽĵΪڣڹؾΪӲ񽫺ڡ
ΪҲǰéϷҰһͨԼǱƷϿѾڵڤӰħ
ȥʮˣֻĸ
أиͷ˫ǵüͷ
Ͽһۣҡҡͷǽ֮Ҳûпټ˵ƣɷƵͺڻļһﶼɵѣӦò¡
еڶ೤϶ɵסˣ˵Ǵ˵ĴڣҰȻܹǿ߶ɵѣǵ
ڴĿУй⻪һһϮµķҰӰƮȻ¡
ŷҰĳڻɽں¥Ļ泹ʧؾرա
ӭɽȫŷҰ
񡣡ҰЦĿɨ
˴Ž뵽ؾеĹʮˣֻʣһ룬⵹ǻڷҰԤ֮ڡ
ϾؾɲʲôƵأҰ˺üΣ͸˵ˡ
ţͻƵ񽫾ˣϿϲѯ˳
ҰΪ͸ֻȴһɲĸо
Ұ΢΢һЦڡ
ɽڶųϵ඼ݺݵس鴤£û뵽ҰȻֱӴʦԲͻƵڣٶϣǶеǳ𺳡
ңҰԲͿɱԲǿߣڷҰͻƵڣָʲôʵѵܹս
ʱǶоԼⱲȷѡ
ҰĿһһɨȻڵڹؾУҵ˲ˣɷƵšڻͷͷɽ⼸ҳ׵ˣǺܿͻǰɽҰˣҪǰʱӦս׼
ŵڶ೤ȫȻɫƴ½ܹߴǶ˵Ǵ˵Ĵڣ񱻷Ұһӵĸ
ǿĴһֻɳССһʿǻɽͻֱӻΪС
Ͽϸֳһ˿ЦڷҰĵ죬ǰԵˣҰĴǲû̫⡣
ϵĵǱ飬ҰɫƽЦ辪ţƴ½УûʸŵĵҰңǶĵ̣ǾҰڶʱҲˡûҪ̫ģø°ɡ
ЩһﶼѾЧţҰǲǻӡ
˷Ұı֤ŵڶ೤ϵĵ΢Щʼ޷һˡ
ϾǵĶ֣
ңĸ
ҰסϿЦϿʵĹģͻƵ񽫺ˡ
ⶼǰͣϿ񲻸ϿҶչޱȡ
ϿףûзҰûڵܷͻƵ񽫾綼˵
ڣҰţ˴񵤣ΪȻͻͽ
ҰЦЦԷƱȻȥɣԼΪȹ˵˶ã˾ͻᵽӦս׼ɡ
Ͽ񹧾ĳŷҰһʮתȥ
ʱҵѪϿߣڷҰԺ
ŰɣȥչأҳأԻѪҰ˵˳
ĵҪ˶ãšڻŵļһͻˣԽѪǵʤԽ󡣱ϾҵѪ֮󣬻ҪһʱΪġ
д㣬ԱˡҰ˵һ
ǳеҪѪҰʱѪҲֻʱѹ˼ֻܸоﲻ̤ʵ
Ұڿն𣬶һٶƷΧһ򻯰ħж˿
ڹؾĲؾУҰϴﵽƷʦļ𣬾ʵĳΪһƷʦ
ңҰóļ򻯰ħԶԶһƷԱġ
һУҰͽ뵽ԼУһСĹĵȡ˳ֱӿʼ
СӣǴӦңҪҵѪģôҪҵĵŭ˳гŭͻ֣̿ķҰʳԡ
ˣԻܹܹѪĵ֮ȫҰĻӦһ䣬ھתתеĵƬ


933 ʶ
ҰڹؾеõĵƬǹһΪ治оŹԵĸڣֱܹӱգתԼΪ
оת칦ڣתٶޱȣº󣬷ҰϵĵƬĵ룬ȫ
һº󣬷ҰΪ۷壬һ˫ۡ
ƬǻĵƬҰõĵƬѰ񽫴񽫳Բ硣
ֻǷҰǸ޵׶ƵģĵƬŽͻƵ۷塣
Ȼµʱ䣬ھ۷壬ٶȶ˵ҲǷǳˡ
ܹ֮ΪƬҰľתйءˣӵŹĵƬҪȫҲһصʱ䡣
ǲǸðҵѪˣҵĵƬʣµ̫ˣȥ޷ɹˡᡣ
ٵȵȡҰƽ˵һֱӽεˡ
һ
ҰŸѪ΢Ӱڻɽһڡ
ʲôˣոտдһ
ҰЦŰ˰֣ңؾţػɡ
ŵĽأռһЩؾͲ
ڹؾУҰõ˼ֵƷ񵤾еӳ;ۻ굤֣ҰȽֵҩƳصѰһЩʺֵҩҩġ
ܿ죬ҰʹŽҩȥ
Ұѳ죬ۻ굤ĵԺйһ飬ҩĵҩԷ͸һƾۻ굤ͳɹˣһγɵʮš
ۻ굤һƷ񵤣ܹ۲л꣬ȹ̡
ֵҩЩߣ֮ƳֵҩҪΪ˹ĵѪֵҩѪĻҲ
ۻ굤֮󣬷Ұʣµľۻ굤϶Ƴɵõʮ˿žۻ굤
Ұֽӳ˳
ӳһƷ񵤣ܹϴеʣԹ̸ǿΪ
һƣҰõۻ굤ʮţÿһžۻ굤˸žӨĵΣãƮݡ
ҰĳԵӳЧֽ̧һŵӳС
ҩڼһº͵͸뷽Ұ֫ٺҰʱоепʼŵɫʱǿмѹ˳˳ëų
ҰаԾȣоѾϾˣû뵽滹ݷ˶ʡ
ų֮󣬷ҰԸоԼˣΪӵȹǿ
ҰʮŵӳеʲĲˡ
Ϊ˱Ұٴηŵӳȷеȫɾˡ
Ұһ˫ۣ˫Լֳһ˿˷ܵɫ
ʮŵӳİҰ׽еɾڵˮ˽룬ܹӳȴǿһ׺ʵ
һУҰ˳Ц𣬿ԵѪˡ
渡ֳһɺɫһӰ֣˷ܵΧ˼ȦĵҪʼѪˡ
ǡѪ͵Ƭ֮⣬һҪ׼𣿡ҰŹѯʳ
ϽѪ֮ʱҪģṩԽ࣬Ѫ֮ΪԽߡ
Ұĵ˵ͷṩڿԿʼˣۻ굤Ӧöá
ȻҪѪҰҲӣһʮžۻ굤С
ĺų貵Ĺ⻪ĵۻ굤벻оۻ굤ʮ֮࣡Щۻ굤ڣҵѪİվ͸ˣ
ȥɡҰһףʮžۻ굤ȫ
ֵҩڷҰ˵󣬼ȻԹĵѪãҰȻС
ӿֳһɺɫʮžۻ굤ȫڣʮžۻ굤˲仯Ϊһɾ뵽˹ʶ֮С
صĵҪٻлˣᾪһЩˣܹѪĻ󣬵Ѫ֮ʱһ
ģҰܸɴĴӦ
ĹǷҰһƣɲҹĸ
ҰӦµĹ켣ΧߣһصĲ뵽ƬС
ڣһϮ۵Ļһ淭ľʯŹĵƬȻе˫ۣͼһɺڳٶȼԶȥڰһ̶Ĺֽǣһʶٻл꣬ҪǿҿƲԼң
ɫ΢䣬ִ̧һƬɫ֮Ҫǿнʶ¡
֪֮·ǵʶڲͬĿռһ㣬ֱӱǵʶ˲ʧʡ
ɫаɻ󣬵˭ҪѪǲʶʧķѵŵķҰ
֮أ뵵ĽͬŭվʧʵĹʶɫ


934 Ѫ
ɽ̶ˮ֮ϣʮžۻ굤ΪٻʶҰԶΪ

ɲҺԶɲʶȺеǵʶɣĲʶٴǿࡣ
׼ˣŷҰ˵˳
ǾͿʼɣҰ˸˷ܵɫֽ̧ǿѪ͵Ƭ˳ȥ
ϲĽǺ;Ѫ˻ϷֱַŵƬ;Ѫ
ʶȻ뵽һξѪ֮УӨ͸ľѪǷˮһķ˿˿ƵѪɫ⻪ɫ⻪֯ʣá
žѪķƬڻ紺绯һ뵽ںɫУֽ·ڣһ޵˳
;Ѫ֧ҵҪ֧֣ĺ˳
ҰһʮƷڹУŨ糱ˮڡ
ϲѣתطתԼϢԽԽŨɱ塣
¡¡
֮ҡػΣһɺѲزƴ½ɫƹգ졣
Ұ΢ڹеѪ֮ǰͲµ֮ػЩ仯Ŀң΢΢
ǹʲô۶ӣҰٴµ
Ͼ򻯰ħӡƾȱȫ꣬˲ƿɱһͷͿˡ
죬ɷա
ӷ𣡡
ƴķٴ쳹ϳһֻƴ޾ķ֣еÿһƵģĳĻȥ
еĺûзԹǿƵĳ֣ȻѡӲӲ
¡¡
ҡضƺҪһ㣬Ʒ졣
ƽƬ̵ʱ䣬ͱǿ飬ǧɢУе˲ʧƴ½ָƽһξ
Ƭ֮󣬻ɽڽеѪĹΧγһںɫӣֱԼһԲƵģںɫ⻪˸
Ұüë΢΢޵ĲһɾгǵصĳǸںɫԲ˹ȥ
ǸԲںһ㣬һһС·ڸһµɶǳء
˰Ĺ⾰ںɫԲȹ˸ŹŹµ
ǰںɫԲҰȻ뵽С֮ʱ뵽һЩѣգΪһ̾
ķЩѣ֪ĸУҪһ棬֪Ҫȵ֮ˡ
ǣҰţܹгЩһﶼܹƣһٴ
ҰĿңĿг顣
֮ʱҰѩܷܷһֻѩܷܷȴ˱硣
Ĵ֮ռ䣬Ҫϻ뱱磬Ҫ޾ǿպ
ԷҰʱΪ˵ҪԽǿպҪǧꡣǿպлΣգܹԽǿպļʲ֮һ
֮⣬ǻԽʹ뱱磬ϧǣҰҲϻǷпʹ
УҲǷҰܹġ
ҰĿɨңԶĶλѹʮڶ硣
뵽ѩܷܷ񣬷Ұǲɵøֳһ˿΢Ц
ܹͥ츳Բ˵ѩܷܷˮ壬ͬҰţҪ˶ã˵־ͻ磡
ڷҰԼĲκˣ

һ֮𣬽Ұ˼˻̧ͷȥͼǸںɫԲѿһԼĺɫг˳
ӭǣգۼǵ˽ǧɳ̣ÿһƬж˸ŹŹֵĺɫģѪ嫺ӿڻɽϿ˷ܵķţзһĿЦŵʿɫҰס
ҰĿ΢΢£ΪѪܹ֮ﵽѾǶˣû뵽Ѫ֮Ȼﵽڣ
˲䣬Ұ˹
ܹ֮ЧҰṩʮžۻ굤йأ˲ʶһùԼĴ󲿷궼ٻ˹춨˸
ټǡѪʮƷùĸ˳ֱ֮Ӵﵽڡ
Ĺﵽڣ΢ЩƣҰû˲ɱҲشꡣ
ټɽӶֶΣ뷴ѣҰҲʮİ
Ҫ֪ҰʦԲͿսͻƵڣȫֵĻɽӶҲɶڶ·硣
ǵǰһһЩֶΣͨҪǿöࡣǣҰɽӶĹҲס
Ұ΢¾ͻָƽĮĵ𣬱ˣеһƣױ¶
ҰĻֹͣߣư۾й⻪˸
ҰһȻɫ˿ĹԼ֡
뵽ҰʦԲͿս뵽Ұóֿռͨ뵽Ұϻܣգǵ˸߰ͷ­
ǧһ˸СջΪһĺ꣬ڷҰǰ˫ĿֱӷҰڵʵңҲɱҡǣΪṩ㣬ҿ϶ڵΪ֮ԼЧΪЧꡣ
Ұüë΢Ǹֳһ˿ЦĵӦң˸ȷѡ񡣡


935 񽫺
Ŷ𣿡һг˲ŵ
ҰɽӶ͸һɺ嫵ƣùеһļ£ͫ׶
һΣ²ΪٸҵϣҲ㳢ͷҰĮ顣
֪ҰϻʲôֶΣףҰݷǹشɱڵ
֪ˡ𲻵òͷ­
ɲǻûʸҰа塣
Ұĵı嵽ʲôָ˶ټˣ
ҵıǺڻ壬εѪ㣬ǻָһСˡ
ûʲôͨҰٴ׷ʳ
΢΢£ɵҵ츳̫ܹ֮ͨڵеһȫУͨΨҺܹʩչ
ҰȻһЦô㻹ΪҪѧͨҵļͨ˿ͨûȤ˽ͨΪ˸õӦǿС
ɫЩΣ뵽˷ҰóǼͨһͨĿһƬȡ
ȥΪɣܿͻǿеʱһʹĽѵҰԸһİ˰֣ùԼҵطȥΪ
һһٴλΪһһͷɽһ̶УһˮʧӰ١
ҰһŽĵһһȥ
ĵܹ񽫾ǿͻһСΡ
Ұǰڹؾӳ̸ΪȫȹֽĵΪ佫۷壬佫ֻһš
ˣڶʱڽͻƣ϶ٷýĵͻơ
ǣҰɲһˣҲǳڵӳ͹ãĸȽ뵽ڶʿҪι̣ʱýĵȫõĻĺ
˵Ǹ̤ھͷýĵҲֱܹͻƵ񽫺ڡ
Ұħ壬Ǿתͻ֮ʱҪԶҪöࡣ
ʴˣûڸͻڵʱʹýĵǵȵΪ۷֮ٷá
֮ôͻƣҲǿйأѪƵļйء
Ϊ˽һУҰòԼʵ
ĵڿٻҰڵȫ糤Ӱʣĳ񽫺ڵıݡ
Ұǿ׳ΪбҲ˸ǿ˿˸ס
Ұڵһһεĳ񽫺ڵıݣڵľ˺ѿԲͨٻָš
һŽĵͲ֧ŷҰͻƣҰٴóŽĵһȥ
ʱӿȵһͷֵҰһ㣬ڷĳײš
Ұתתڵݺݵس񽫺ڵıݳײ˹ȥ
¡¡
һƵĺ𣬷ҰڵǵݺȻѿӿҵйƵģڿתţҰֱоһɣǿ
񽫺ڣ
ͨŽĵİҰǿƵͻƵ񽫺ھ磬Ͼÿһ缡ж
ҰȭͷȵĿгŵķɡ
оתҰһ㣬ٶȽ졣ϧħ壬ܹɵԶһҪۻö࣬ٶȡ
һҰܹӳҲԶͬףܹ羳սкܴĹϵ
ħٶȣҲԶȴ˶Ҫöࡣ
ҰϵƷв٣ͻƵ񽫺ֱ֮ӷ˼񽫵Ϊõӳϴȥеʣڵ
ҰΪȹ񽫺֮һֱڻɽ湮Ϊ
һº󣬻ɽƽڱˡ
ҰһۻԶڷԲлص
Ұˢһ˫ۣĿ˸űĹ
İǻ
շҰĲ²⣬һӦɷƵˣϾɷƵļһﶼԼʩչϲַ֮ǳȤȴû뵽һϵ
ڹؾУƷҰҰѾɱֻǣΪ;ƣҰһֱûԻ֡
ڣٴɱҰд⣬һҪնɱ


936 ɱ
ŻۻԶһƿٿ˲ɽϿգûɽеڶʿ㷲
ҰԶԶеӰٵÿӰϢɲ⡣
Ұüë΢¶һĨЦݡ
Щһȫǿߣ
ңһﵽڣ
ӵʮϵ򡣸ݷҰ˽⣬ƴ½ߴֻǸոչʸΪÿеʮͷࡣ
һ¾ͳνǽĸ߶ˣҰЩ⡣

ɽϵ̶дһ죬ӴڰлΪΣڷҰǰǿеˣ
һһҰų貵âһгּ죬˳ֶ뵽˻ɽ
ʱɽϾ͸ֳһŨȫȴܹؿһС
ҲоҰһ֣Ŀ΢ɼ
Ұڶõ󷨣ƺϣܹ̺ž춯صѹδţ
ŸҰĽӴԽԽַҰĪ⣬֪ӺʱжڷҰһ˿⡣
ȥӭսŻҰһӻɽ˳ȥƶˣԶźڻ
ӦһһãûС
Ұ·Ǹ󷨷ǳǶ棬ʱǻƲǵ󷨣벻㻹ҳϵ㲻ŷҰЦ
Ұ˿һսɱڵĵڹؾ֮Уûɱ㣬ȻһɽҰȻˣͲˣ
΢΢£û뵽ҰΧ˿ڳԡ
СӣҼģûôģ񽫺ڵļһҲҸа壿ɣδ˵Աиȥˣһּ̧һӲӵӣɢһɺ嫵ϢŷҰͷȥ
񽫺ڣôܣȫҰΪסˡ
ļǵãڹؾԨ֮УҰͻ뵽ڡûҰȻͻƵ񽫺ڣһŵĸо
ҰʦԲͿսΪ񽫺ڣָж
뵽ɫ䣬ѵСģ
ϧ̫ˡ
ҰЦһȫų貵Ƴȭݺݵ档
飡
һ춯صĺĹʿٱðƺһ¾ͺľе
Ұٴλӳһȭͬһλϡ

һĻӱҰǿƵһȭ񱩵Ϣϯ񷣬˫
ҰʹﵽƷУ񽫾׽ٴ֮󣬸ǴﵽƷ۷壬ԶһƷҪǿöࡣ
ӵ۵һѪ˫Ŀ𾪵ŷҰŵĵ֮ǿдһƷôܣ
ҰĬߵͨ˲䵽˴˵ǰ
շģҪţٳǰһɫӡŷҰ˹ȥ
ҰŭһգԾ쵶У˸Ϻɫ棬͸һļµȡ
ۣ
âһɫӡͬһ㱻Ϊ룬׹ա
ʥ쵶ɲһֵܹġ
ҰѸ˲˵ĸǰƳȭȭͷųҫصȭâݺݵغǸǰһȭǸı鿪
һʹ䣡
һλǿߣͱ񽫺ڵķҰɵˣסˡ
ǱûаѷҰ¶ʱףҰʵԶԶǵ
ҰһϣŭĴ󻯳һͷ̤ͻųŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ĴʾԼ˷Ұ
ҰתߵͨӰԭͻأʧһڵǿǰ
ҰһüгһεĵУ˲նǸڵǿʶ֮С
Ǹǿ߲ҺγƬ̵ͣ١
Ұٳȥ䣬һΪ룬ѪȾ졣
ת֮䣬˷ҰУ˵Χ֮У˶һеĸо


937 һս
Ұֳ쵶񷣬ڷ裬⣬ս
˿Һвɵһɿ־ĸо
ڹؾ֮УѾ˷ҰĿ£ʴˣصضЩ˵Ҫ̤ƽɽֱ׾ٵ顣
û뵽Ÿոմ˼棬Ǻڻ˷ҰУҰΪ񽫺ڣ
ʱ򣬻ɫޱȣڿʼҰһС
𣡡
һǺһڵļһһΪһͷɴСĽëǣ˸䶾ɫѪȣɷϡ
һڵļһǻΪһɫ춯أưӿϼâţһɴɡ
иڵļһҲ˱壬һֻ籪ʱŵתݷһɿ񱩵ļ¡
ڻˣǻһͷȫڵ̤ͻͷϵɫ˸Ĺʣй
񽫺ڵķҰĴٹ˼⣬Ĵѡ֣һԻ˱壬Ա֤ܹӳǿս
ҰȻ壬ֳ쵶һƬĵΣʥ𣬿ٳŻɱ˹ȥ
ĴΧ£ҰȻѡ
ɱһͷɫгһƬϹ⣬ŷҰ˹ȥ
Ұʱо뵽֮Уǻһͨһ쵶ϴƬϻø
ͨҪϣҰĵͬӰ쾫ʱƬϹʿһѷ죬ٳ
ɫ΢䣬һϰٵڻӰӣÿ
ҰǹճһĨЦͻأĴԭʧٳֵʱ򣬾͵˱籪ǰ
ʱ򣬷Ұóߵͨ˲Ϣ任λе쵶̫·һĨĹ
籪ŭХһſһ״Ȼӭ˷Ұе쵶
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ҰԾȣǿݣӦþǱ籪ԼݣּƳι״
ӦþǱ籪ı
ȹ龪ȣҰֺ
쵶֮󣬷Ұ˳ִһƬɵǳӦһɺسն籪ڰУҰٴξ쵶
ţëŭһһ֮䣬ӰǵصĳŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ͬʱɫҲˣǿѪסƬգֹҰѣȻצĹҰҪҰ˺ڰС
һſһ˵ĳǹͬʱҰ
ҰЩܲʣ䣬һ籪鿪ΪѪɢڰС
һ䣡
顭
ǵӰӽڷҰϣһƵ죬ͼҰֳһۣڶ๥ǿп
ǷҰڹؾеõۼףһƷķ
Щۼ׵˴󲿷ڷҰ˵ѥɦټϷҰħ屾ͿƷ۷ĴڣֹûκεӰ졣

ϢѿˣӰѷƮȻеųĹһɫͷ­ն˳ȥ
Ǹڵɫһ涼ûŹȥͱɱ
ѪȻϡҲҸָˡЦһɫͷʬңңһһʺѪӶͷѪɫٲƵģ뵽˹ĿС
Ұĸ˹Ĵгһָεѵĸо
ٰѪȫ븹Уδ촽Ц˵˳
ҰδỢֱͷëǣתߵͨ˲˽ëǵĸǰ
ëǼɫˣʱսȫޣ⣬ҰǰҲսſƷŷҰ˹ȥ
Ұüë΢ֶİҪԱ
ҰһڵʥӿһٹͨڵɽӶسɽӶ˲ڽëǵͷ
ڷҰĿ£ɽӶƿ죬һӽë˽ȥԱĻᶼûУ
ëǵĲҺ𣬽Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ͳʧɽӶеĿֲޡ
΢΢£аҰϹȻƣ񶦣һƷ۷пɱƷ
۷ʱڣҲӵй
ңɽӶеĿֲϢһļµĸо뵽δԷҰ֣вɵøеҲѡ
ȥ壬ŵֱðʧĵҰڻףǸԲǿߣ㲻ɱңȻ㽫֮أ
˵Ǻڻˣƴ½ߴȫҲضɱ㣡ҰĮ飬˲ʧԭء
ɫ䣬Ų·ľҪӴܣתͼһϺɫƵ쵶ǰһʶ뵽õĻ֮С
Զвʿڰпһսڻɳǰ˻ɽУŵǿǶе־
һۣڻǳ׵˽ˡϸ˵ڻѾ׹ˣûʮλ򣬺ڻûʸٳΪˡ
һսƴ½


938 ɷƵϮ
ڻڻɽУҰһս£ƴ½̵ʶţѾӵ˸аʸ
οǻ֪һϢ
ˣҾУ
죬Ϣغڻ룬ڻ붼ŭˣǺڻǷųҪնɱҰ
ֻǣ⺰ںźûʲôʵʵĶ
Ҳףһۣڻ˽ˣҪҷҰʱҲ
ս󣬹ʵ࣬ʶ˷ҰóɽӶĸеС֮ҲоҰɲˡ
Ұڴս֮ʱɽӶ˳Ҳ˼Ǽһ֮ġ
ڶһ磬ɽͱ
չλǰɽһչλصӰڻɽ⡣
Ұ˫ۣһڻɽ⣬ңңӭȥϹŵЦݣչѴݹ٣ĳʧԶӭ¡
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ҰЦչ̧ˣҿɰѺڻ볹׵ˣԺ鷳²ˡ
ңˣ
ڴʱԶһ罣һϢԶգۼ͵˻ɽ⣬ң
ƵѣҰЦǺǵӭȥ
ңչλҲڣжЩȣҰĻЦѣʵĻ죬û㶼ѾΪ񽫺ڵǿˣһս£ʵʵ¶ܹվƴ½۷ˡ
ҰǫЦЦˣֻҵõˡǶվվ˵ˣ뵽ɽһ𡣡
ڷҰĴ£չλغңһ뵽˻ɽϡ
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ѣҼǵûɽǰģҲı𣿡չλؾȵ˵˳
⸽ǰڵչλҲɽǵúĻɽԶԶûʸȡ
ҰЦСˣǱİںűҪöࡣ
ҰǴ˻ɽϣ˶裬չλض
Ƭ֮չλ̲ס˳ѣǹı㸴𣿡
ңĿҲŷҰȴŷҰ𰸡
Ұ£ͷҸģڳˡ
չλغңһۣĿж˾ɫȻţʱ׶ҰϣǸоǳĲ˼顣
һֶΣʵңԵ̾
ҰЦոոʵԶԶδָ۷塣ȻĻڻʹŹȥ˺ڻˡ
ңչλض˶࣬ǼҰûȥݼ˼ҲʶȤû
һţĵ棬ң𣺡ѣ׼ĹٴѹҪ˶ãžͻٻɽҪ׼
Ұüëһǹճһ˿ЦݣĵлƵѣִƣڻŵ³
˵ͷɽҲ׼ֵģֻǱڻȳˣһսŷͷɽҪҲõˡչλҲ˵һϢ
Ұ΢Ц£ĵڻֵ֮ܳģɷƵ֪ڻҰܵϢҲ޷ֹɷƵĲ
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չλغң΢΢£һ˵ɷƵĴѹҲԹ۵ġ
˵꣬˸ԸҰ˸Ѷ
˶ǷǳϡеĴѶƴ½ܹ˴˸ӦϢʲôķǳ㡣
˸ȥҰٴοʼ˱չء
ǺڻŵЩǿߣɷƵеǿߣ÷ҰеһɽȸС
ţȫʢʱڵĹܹѹӡԲ˵ڵѾûǿߣҲǷҰܹõġ
ȻﶢϣҰɲκεķɡ
뵽񽫺֮󣬷ҰΪĻ񽫵Ч̫ͬԣڶʱںѴﵽ񽫺۷塣
ʱˮת˲š
ת۵º󣬷Ұͻأбչ˫ۣĿңգаһɷƵˣˡ


939 
ɽ⣬ħ죬һɹħգĩһ㡣
ҰӰһڻɽ⣬ԶԶͿħƷħӰӰ֡
Ұһ˺Ϥڹؾмεڤݡ
ˣҰûм
һǸοߣ˫ĿзĵĹâ˾һʵϢˡ
һǸݵƤͷߣ˾һãƺմӵƵģ˵ϢǳĹ졣
˵Ϣȫɲ⣬ܵħգԶȺڻڵǿߵϢҪǿ
Ұ΢ߵΪڣӦɷƵڣ벻ʱǱڤˡ
ɷƵֻˣǣ˵սȺڻһҪǿ
Ұϲ֮ǴӺδãڤֱӳŷҰȳ
ڤѾ˵˺ڻܵϢֻڵڳڷҰη壬ʢˡ
ǧħΪ˵õ򵱳һ¾飬ҰħûκεĺøС
ڤƵĺʣҰЦƾʲô㣿
ڤϢһͣδ˵ǸƤͷЦ˵һɭȻ񽫺ڵĸСӣţץ㣬ѻǣ㲻˵
˵꣬˻Ϊһ磬ҰΧڡ
Ұֱоȫ쬵ģħ嶼޷סʴȴ޷Ӧŵľ巽λ
Ұһʥܲһ滤ף淭ϺɫĻǹϢȫΪޡ
Χһƺ죬ŵӰڲԶһ¶˫ĿԹŷҰɭСӣȻֻڣҿӣںϺᶨɱľģɱ㣬ҵˣ
ǰǣܹɱңҰĻӦ
Сӣʰ˺ڻļˣЩԶԶ޷ȣҲʶʶħͨŹֽһͬƵգۼǴǧɴСȫһںϸܵƬÿһƬ϶ŸͬĹŹַģޱȡ
Ұ촽΢Ƶħָͨϲ֮𣿡
ħɻ꣡ŭһϵÿһƬжһħͷһצֽųҰ
ǧħͷĹֽ޿ײ룬ƺֱӴӷҰ֮ɵóһ˿һַӰ쵽
ַĳ֣ҰоԼ궼ЩȶҲ£ƺҪƵġ
ҰһĬ˴еһ˿ʳ
ţҰȫëжų⣬ÿһëжħֱ֮ӽΧǧħͷɢױС
ŵӰڰУϲ𾪣ŵĵħ壡Ȼֻڴ˵еʣӹδֹôʣ
Ұ΢ħ˴Ѫ֮ɱɵģ벻ħħ֮Ҳؼء
Ұֱѯ˳ô֪ҵħ壿к֮
ħ壬ԾأһлͨĿǡ˵е󣬸ܹرԴңôʵģſ˵䣬ٴŷҰѯʳĿгС
ʶ˷Ұħ壬űȵ֪Ұϲֶ֮𾪡
ûʸ֪ҰĻһ䣬գԵ쵶УһƬɫĻĵ򣬳ȥ
ɫ࣬ͷϳһ׹䵶ɭɭŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ﬣ
һ̶֮𣬷Ұαˣ֮жһĴ󲿷ĿЩ
ڵǿߣڵļһҪǿöࡣ
ӲӲ֮£Ұ˸ڵѪҷţþ޷ָƽ
ŸӾȣһڵǿߣһڣ޷ӲӲҰȴûʲô¶Ƶģеǳ𾪡
񽫺ڵΪڵӲƴûˣħȻ˼飡ɱ㣬Ѫ˵Ҳɱħ壬ɣɭĹЦһٴγŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ҰӶе쵶ȫóߵͨκ֣ſٽ档
ҰȻ·磬ǲû֮Σ
ţСѲ㣡ǸĿ߳һгһɫâʵƲ㶼̳һĿޱȵĳŷҰɱȥ
϶͵ˡһ𣬹ӰͻأĳڰУֳȻӭõɫâ


940 
𣡡ǸĿȻľ
˵͵֪ڷҰİµѪϢǣۼִ˵еǿ֣߳ٻЩɵ
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ﬣ
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ˣ
֮дһ޴ǵɫâǿˣʧӰ١
۵һѪǵâĽâֶͨܵɣҲܵЩˡ
˵֮ԶԶ۷壬ǣӵеֶΣԶԶܹġ
ǸڵǿߣԹʱȻû˿İա
˵Ӱ¼ƴ½϶˴˵ִ˵еǿߣ˵ûѹƭ˵ġ
߳ɷƵħХֻҪ㲻飬ҰܹṩԴɷƵԸ˫
ߣҵѪ𣿷ϻ˵ҪôҪô߳ɷӿһµ޵š
𵱳Ѿվƴ½۷壬˵޾µĳţǹеֽ١
ʱڵļһԻʸûУھȻҸ̸УùǳĲˬ
ħХӿֳһ˿ŭɫѾǵĹˣڵΪûʸţ
ħХҪЮĻùŭȵħӣ¾ħʱ㻹֪أֻڵΪҪɱ㣬
£Ӱһ˺ı壬пٴ˲䵽ħХĸǰ
𣡡Ǿ޴ӿֳһصնǱĳһ㣬նʧһ޴ĺڶ
ͨյĴͨһӾͽħХڣյҪħХޡ
ħХҽһͷŭħն񷣡
ħХħХȫΪħ۳һ糤ĺɫų⽫նѵŤΡ
ħХȫľĽ⿰ƷȫԶһ˿Գܵġ
ಣ
ħХħ𣬽𻯳Ƭնǿն飬˳
ۣ
ħХſѪɫɷף˫Ŀг˿־ɫ
ͨԶԶܹȵģһΣ˵ǿг˹ķľмģ˵ꡣ
ڹħХǴ۶ηˡ
ϧˡ𰵵һϧ޴ڰµӰ˷ħХɱ˹ȥ
ħХǿ񣬸սһ֪ڵϵԶҪǿΪȹҪߣβٸȵֱΪӲƴ
ħХڵȴţȵʰ˷Ұ֣Ȼܹ¹
һڸҰսѽѷ֡
ŵĹƫ귽棬ҰѾ˴ħרſ깥ʣŵֶζӲӦе
ŵɫһƬлŰħ뷽Ұٽ档
ŵΪڣҰΪȴ񽫺ڣ˵ŶڵӦԶȷҰҪǿöࡣ
ǣʵˣҰʹõͨ͸ȻΪʱҲԷֳʤ˵նɱҰˡ
ڤݣǸո̤뵽ļһ֪˻˶Ұնɱ֮ɲ׽ս֣ΨַҰȰˡ
ţûԷʰ񽫺ڵСӣô鷳ԶħХܻĺ˳
ϾһĻΪˮ룬ľͶԵĸڣڵΪѹħХħХ͹˲ʣԽԽΣ̲סˡ
Űһո㻹˵СѲھʰСˡ
ʱҲϾħХеĹԽԽÿһƺӾĵص׳ġ
ͬʱ˫Ŀпʼħۣƺʲôͨ


941 Ҵս
ҰżҴսһΪŵĴ󲿷ֹпãʱŻ޷˵
ȻҰͨδóֻϤǿߵĹֶΣǿԼʵս顣
ŷҰŵĴսҰоһֺܹϢŻ۶ȥϢţʶ޷ɨ
ǣҰָоȴǳǿңһΣС
Ұ˫Ŀеľ֮ɫԽԽŨÿһθŽ棬ӦΣ
ͬʱڵɽӶҲӭе׼ʱܼ
ҰɣħԪգŷһ˫Ŀгһһħ⣬Ƶ׷𣬽ƬضסķҰɱ˹ȥĥƬе
ҰеΣбǰδеǿŵֹھ񹥻֮䣬ƺͬʱֶֹ̺ΣѭֵĹУһ̫ܹǿĥ
ֹҰһܶȻֳһƬɵµͨ˳
ʱ֮ڿ֮ʣںɫ㶼ü仺ƺ뵽һƬֹʱС
ʱͨôܣ𾪵ľŷҰȻóʱͨ
ħХ͹𾪵ĵɴ۾
ʱͨǹ۷ʱڣҲδһ˿һ
ҰʱȴޱȵĶ˳ֱӽǺںɫ
Ұһֶɱ˰ɫϾʵɣȴ̺һӿȵܡ
ϲ֣֮ٴξ
˵Ұħͨϲ֣֮ʱҰʩչɳ˼
ϲֵ֮ĸͨɷƵеλߣҲԵѧá
ϲֵ֮˽⣬ŻǴһЩżֻ֪Ƭûϸ˽⡣
˵ϲ֣֮ƴ½еħ壬˻ᣡ
Ұȴħͨ˳ʵĪ
ͬʱŵҲޱȡֻҪܽҰɱѻֶδӷҰеõϲ֣֮ʵܹгĿܣ
ˣҰĮĻӦһ䣬صĻǺںɫ档
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ںɫ㵱飬ڷҰϲ֮棬һ˲䶼δܼȥ
ϲ֣֮һͨټϷҰʱ忰Ʒ۷壬ħ̺Ѫֺ֮ޱȣϲ֮ʩչǾ޴ޱȣֱӾ㡣
۵һѪĿȴ˿ϲɫ
ϲֵ֮ԶΪõϲֵ֮ʱ򣬲ܹӳǿЦͬס
ϲ֣֮ȻħͨҽҪħջͨŴһϿʼɫħѪ˳ƬʶԵɲ
ҰаȻűǸڵǿߣʱȼڵħȡø
һҰѹ͸ˡ
ħڣһڳһɺƴħϢϯ񷡣
һ˲䣬ƴ½ϵħ嶼еڵħڿʧȫƴ½ɽķ˹ȥ
һ̣ŶóħطǧħϵϢԼϢǿ󣬽Ϊٴһء
ʱţ˵ԲǿߣҲԶˡ
ף
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գ֮䣬ʾͿʼųƵ֮һУ˶еһѪڡ
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Ͷ֮мĿãҰʩչ̺һֱаԣ۶ǧħǿкɢ
ѪѾ˼۶ħҰһдͨ͸ǿзϵˣȫûзӳκá
ţ֮£ħûãҰȳǧ۵У۳һݺݵź˹ȥ
Ȼеİ׹ħ˳ȥ֮Ѫڣɴ˫۵ŷҰŭôôͨ׻жͨδã
ǾͿûбԳˣҰЦһִ̧һƬɵƺǳӦεڵ


942 ħ
ʱ򣬷Ұ϶ó˻Ϊεͨ
ռͨٴ𾪵ĺ˳
ʱͿռͨȫޱȣƴ½϶ǳĺҰȻԵͨ˳ܹ𾪣
Ϊεͨó֮󣬷Ұһͳŵǰе쵶߸߾𣬴һƬɫĵ򣬺ݺݵնȥ
ŵȫ޷ţҰ쵶ն£Ҳ¶һĨصɫŭһӿһ׹Ǵĥľӣӭ쵶˹ȥ
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Ұ̺ʥİԾһȻ׹Ǿǿסˡ
ҰаԾ棬ŵΪ̫ˣ˵ŵͨͱﶼԶԶ޷ԼȣײУȻ޷ռϷ硣
ۼžҪӻΪεͨҰһڵľתԪתħƤֳһϸܵɫƬħͳ
Ұڵ˲ȫתħɫƬɲͷһɫǣɲ
ڵħ幦ɷƵеĹҪӴ㵽ʲôˣɵѯ˳Ŀл֮࣬һ˿Ũļɵ
˵Ұһϲ֣֮ΪҰõġ
񣬷Ұóϲֵ֮ͨڵĹתħͳĹұɷƵ֮пĹҪӵء
ʱѾʼɣҰǷĳħĴйϵˡ
ҰħڤħΪ˸ҸƷ¯ڷҰڵģ̥ǧħȻͬ죬ԶԶɷƵԱġ
ŵѯʣҰһɣֳһƬĺɫħ򣬲Բãã޾
һɫħӣһͷͷħͷŭȫޱȵԻ˳
ڤħĳͨبħ
ħͨеبħôܣŵɫдһƬϳŵɫ޷بħͨȻһ϶˳
ҰһһεĶóħͨ׽סˣ޷Ұʲôͷ
Ұ뷨óħ֮󣬷ҰʹħͨǿبħΪһС磬˹ȥ

űȳħתǿнߴΪεͨײ
ϧʱҲܲҰبħ򣬱ƴبħǿȥ
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ŷһĲҽبħкڹⷭдһƵİ׹ǵ˳ȫ󲿷¶˹Ǳޱȡ
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ŷҰĿƣɽӶĸӿƿ¶һ޴Ŀӡ
ɽӶбһǿһϡ

žֵĴгȻȻɽӶг˹ȥ

ɽӶȻ˸ӣڲֺɫҷɽӶţǿš
ţ
ڤݾһŷҰ˹ȥҪȳɽӶеš
֪ǷҰĶ֣ʱҲòˡ
ŵĲҽ಻ƺڳĳĥ
Ұڤŭһе쵶һƬ㵶򣬺ݺݵڤ˹ȥ
ڤݲҿֻǼƷڷҰΧԱͼ÷ҰģԽš
ҰȫɫƬٴθֳһƬƬۣۼ׵ȫ˳
ǶƷԱĹۼ׵ķδƣɢڰС
ŵСȥûϢ
һѹƴ½꣬ô˷ҰɽӶС
ڤݺħХȫŵøεѣ˴һۣҪʹȥ
ߣ£ȳӴΧֳһƬգħХ嶨ڰУĥħХΧħ
ţͼüеĺâһħХƬ̵ͣ͡Ƭ̵ʱ䣬еգħХһΪ롣
ħХ䣡
ڤֵ̿ɫȫħȼͼ˴
ҰһĬߵͨ˲䵽ڤϲֶ֮˳һƽڤĳࡣ
ɷƵǿߵڼǿߣڻɽòԶеĹս߶еһľ
Ұ͹δһԼͬһУĿг˾衣
ǴУռ䲨ǳǿңһĽħƿն⡣
գɽΧȫڣһְ͵ĸо


943 
ɽ⣬ħƸոɢգƬ綼ΪһƬɫ
ɫħƿ·ͷÿһͷΧŨķ⣬һְ͵ĸоӶڣмϢǿĺС
һɫĽħƣͬһƷңȹҪǿһЩ
Ұ͹һۣжӿֳһĨصɫ
ţɲһƵء
ЩαļһҰһøжûãɲΪŵ׽ġ
ӷ𣬷ѣּˡպгŷҰʩһ񣬰еϹŵЦݣƺһȱķն
Ұ۾һĵŵĵ̣кιɣ
иüĿϺ΢΢һЦһ崺ĸоƺе١
üϺпڵе֮ҪΪĹҪ
Цͺ¿ˣķӶδңƾǼԸң
üϺһ̾ѣΪ˼䣬ԵΪķӵɱ֣ϣܹĹ£ΪλִԲ򣿡
ҼʱΪ˼ⷬ˵ĹûʣȻķӵĴսħȻԵ֮Ҳ˽⣬Ӧķνҷӡġƺ̲סҪսһ
Ұѯʳ׷ʲô£
ڹ֮ĶԹҰҲЩȤ
ɱ˸ĵϻĳһеõһ֪Ϊαķӵ֪ңҺɫζĻȪڤҺڵͨɱҵı壬ҵĵ뵽С
˵һǣ֮ԶԶûҵ֮ǿѻʱܵ˷ɡֻܽҵѹ£ͼԷĥҵıԣ˵ǼĲصءɻҷҲ˵ǼĲصأһֱĥڡǰʱ䣬϶޽ҪǿҡӲ϶֮룬Ҳ˼ʶͨ磬ղŽҵѪ
ҰܹӦӦδ˵ѣô˵ܹŷն֮¼ʮϰ꣬ĥļޱȡ
ΰյ£ڹ˵һƸܹĹдߵĸԶ
ҰԶ϶Իٴ̤뵽֮ߵľ磡
δ˵õʲôҰҲûжʣ֪ʱѯʳҲ˵
üϺϵı鲻䣬ĵ𣬾ʵҲãƬУħŰ֪ȻΪ˼䣬ΪİΣǷš
ҰȻڵΪ£ҪҴ𲻴Ӧ
һܹɳΪĴڣҰɲôŰߡ
˷Ұһۣʲôû˵
üϺдüĿĵóƻģǸŵʲôտںô򲻿ɱԻˡǴ뿪ŶҲǺ¡
ǺǻͲˣûĻλذɡҰͿ͡
Ұʶ̧٣Ժŭݵıȳ
ҰɨһۣһýԺвԾĴ˸ͻ
üϺеɫҲȻͬⲻͬ⣬ŶҪߡ㲻ͬ⣬ֻõˡ
һΣܹ˰ˣ˽ա桢֮⣬ڣüϺкһĬľͷĺжǴڣǲûԲĴڵ
ڰüϺпݣƴ½к޼ˡ
ҰȻЦˣĵϺУ֪֪ΪħôŨ
аħۼ֮أħȻŨüϺ䵭˵˳
Ұ·һ֣ħХƬʬ峯Ʈ˳˳˰üϺеǰȻɣ϶Ӧʶ
ɽӶ䣬ڤݱĳֻ࣬ʣħХʬ֤ոﾭһս
ոħХʬ׹˼򻯰ħУüϺǶδħХʬ壬Ұ֮ǲſƬʬȫò
ɷƵħХˣüϺоҰĿжһ˿ɵ
ħХһʵǿߣھȻʬ壬ȻðüϺие𾪡
ڻҰһûߡɷƵšħХڤһǰҰȫˡˣǺǡҰϹζЦݡ
ʲôҲˣŵļȻɫ
źħХڵǿߣȻҰܰȫɵŵЩ˾ܴĹҲһ롣
üϺп˿ħХʬ壬ֿ˿Ұ͹𣬺ݺݵҧҧߣ
ɫħɢ⣬üϺеȫڣƿգʧӰ١


944 ǿг
ɽ飬ܿʹƴ½
ڻɽɷƵڼڤݷʬţŰ˴ȴսӣƴ½ɽΪƴ½Ľ
ͷɽֽҲ˳Ĭ㷲ΨַҰɱϷͷɽ
չλһ𵽷ãɷƵܵĵڶ죬֮չλصͬԵãһݺ
ڽļУͲȺҰ㣬ǹһֱǱޣȻźҲδʲô
෴ɽޱȣǵļʶȻܹɽŷǷĴػš
ңƷĳĴݷ˿еʺеĵط
ŵĵ̣Ƕ˸̵ʶ
չ󣬻ɽһλƴ½ͷɽ֮ŷ
ŷǸֻʮ߰Ůӣϼ£λ磬͸һɸ߹Ϣ
ŷһǰǴŷһ
ǸھŷԱߣĿ˸ڷҰǳļɵ
֪˺ڻ롢ɷƵȺܣŲսӣǵ㷲ˡ
ŷˣΪ£Ұ̲
ڹؾУͷɽķζ֣ͷɽûκκøСֻǣŷ԰ɽǲó֡
ŷȻһЦ촽ͬ㶯ҷͷɽӷǸЩᣬҽصشǰᡣȻѡɽΪڣɽ͸ˡ
ǵɫǳѿһҰֻһ񽫺ڵļһŷҰͷһٸԸ
ǣҰڻɽ⼸δսͷɽˡڻɷƵȫû飬⼸ŵУǷͷɽ֪⼸ǿȥȻҸġ
Ұɨ˷һۣƽĵɽնɱڤӰħãͷɽûаϵ֮˵ȻǵŰݷãĶԹһʹˣϣҪֵò졣
ŷɫ΢΢һǰŷҰͷû뵽Ұ̬Ȼƽ˿ûнУозǳ졣
ֻǣҰ죬ҲԸ뷽ҰŷҰ˹֣ȻˣҾͲˣԵټ
ŷŷȥɽٴλָƽ
һ̶ǱҰҲ뵽ε֮С
ҰΪͻƵ񽫺۷֮Ϊչǳþת񽫵ʵҲǳֻڻ۷Ұĵ̡
ºĵڶ񽫵֮󣬷ҰڸоԼĵ̻۵۷塣
ҰԼ״̬תתĶȫǿгԲ硣
ŷҰĳľϵı飬˾޴ʹȴٳ޷뵽Բ֮С
ҰףԼΪ̫죬Ϊƿˡ
ҰĿųһĨɫνһʮᣬƿڣҲҪǿгؿ
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ҰڵǳӰһδεĳԲƿȫ飬ȵ񽫴صʱҪӼѡ
ҰԼ᲻ɴݣ˿û٣ĸӷ
䣡
֮󣬷ҰȫȾѪˣϵÿһ缡ⶼ˺üΣڳƿǿгԲľ硣
Ұһᣬȫǽ뵽һƬ֮УӼұû
Ұȫֳһɫͨ˳˾ͬһͷˣϵ˿ٻظգۼͳ׻ָ˹
Ұһжٷ
ΪΪ̫죬Żεƿ
һγؾ͹ѵˣ´εأ˵ӼѣԵһӶῨ֮¡
Ұٴһ£ΪȹԲ硣
ԷҰڵҪٴΪϲˣҪ磬ĻԵС
Ұֻʱ档
ҰǸƷ񣬿ƳƷ񵤣ڵΪһ¥볢Ʒ񵤵ơ
ܹǿͻƵʵһƷ񵤡˵㷽ҰͻƵ磬ҲҪһ
ңͬԴ˵ʱܹܹһͻƵ硣
һ˵޷ͻƣҲԸƴ½һЩ񵤣Ϊṩõķչ
ϾɲǷҰյ㣬Ҫ뿪


945 Ʒ
ҰˮƽʹﵽƷľ磬ټʥİԼ弶ҩĸҩҩԵ⣬ҪƷ񵤣ѡ
ҰǾϸһ֮ſʼƣһξͳɹƳһ¯ʮš
ҰΪͻƵԲ磬ξֱӽʮһ£ų硣
ʮ̫嫣һ𱬷Ұħ嶼ܲסѪⲻϵر
Ұǿгأ궼ıȴûгһ˿һɶ
ʮľҰҲ˸ѪˣӿֳһɫĴʩչͨٻָ˹
Ұ̾Ϣһγԣı˸˽⣬һ޷ĸо
ҪͻƵ磬ѶȻ治һĴ󣬲ǿΪܹͻƵģûԵĻⱲӶῨԲ硣
γԣҰҲųˣٶ룬Ҳ˳
ܹԲǿиͻƵ硣䲻ܱ֤ٷ֮٣ҲܹǿɵļʡԽͻƵĸԽ
ֱܹתΪӿٶȡ
ƴ½ǳޣֵҩƴ½ɺ䶯
ҰϺͻɽе弶ҩȫƳ񵤣Ȼ˷ų
һº󣬷Ұڻɽ¯ʱΪһ¡һ֮УҪ񵤵ѿȡһŵҩͬȼֵҩȡƷµ񵤶ƣƷ
һϢ֮ƴ½׷ˡ
ǰʱ䣬ڻ롢ɷƵźͷͷɽ⼸ͽŵ˳ȥɽҲΪƴ½Ľ
ڣҰƷݱ¶ȥƴ½䶯ˣв˶ֱϢʵģ֪һϢͿŻɽ˹ȥ
в˶л̬ȣҪ֪ƴ½֮УûκһƷ񣡵ǣҲһ˿ᣬͬɽ
Ұʱ䶨һº󣬶ʱͬһ£Ŀľڶʿܹ㹻ʱϵɽ
Ҫ֪ƴ½嫣ңԶʿҪɽҲһ׵顣
µʱ䣬һЩͨ顢ʦɽĻҲͲǷҰܹƵ˵ˡ
ЩϲģҰҲרŵȺΪû
Ұ¯ĿģҪ弶ϵҩΪͻƵƷ׼ҲΪɽһЩ̡
ǼηƴսҰƴ½ƴ½ܹвҰѾˡ
ҰΪ뵽ƿûѹĵطһͻơ
Ұ׼뿪ƴ½ˡ
ڣĴУͰڵڶ̫ϳһãĿչλϣѯʵλأȽϤǸƷ񣿡
չλؿЦ£ҸҰӴ˽⻹治ࡣ֪һ𣬶һһַǳǿ飬аɡ
и̫ϳϵ˵ͷǷҰţҲƭƴ½ˣûʲôôϻȡһŵҩһĵ񶼲ҿ˵ļ۸ˮƽҵơҸо£ġ
Ұʱ䶨һº󣬵ʱλԹȥģԴղصҩȥӵеİҩȥ÷ҰæƳ񵤡ôҰڵʵܹٴǿȷ
е˶Ծѣи̫ϳϳɵһӾʹȥҩ̫˰ɣϾǰڻҪĲԼĵ񣬿ҩĲĻĵԼĵ񣬲ܹųʢ
Ŀ˸ƹԣҰܹƳƷ񵤣Ǿ᲻ҩҪƷ񣬿Ҫǧʱ䡣ץסᣬôƷ񵤣ܹø˽磬Ұڵʵ
˵ĿйâʢȻˣڻɷƵҰ׵ˣҰץסλᣬ˵ǵܹ͸֮СɣֻǱعƣӦóҩ̫࣬ҲҪٶһЩҩġ
˵ĿⶼݣԣǶоͷȡ
ڰڶͷ֮ʱҲţšǴҪǰɽźͷͷɽҲƤȥһˡ
ɷƵͺڻ룬ǶǱ棬Ҳǲеǰɽ̽
ߴлѾʵˣٱ˻ѹǿɾ޳ͷ֮ˡ


946 
һµʱ䣬ת˲
һУҰӭչλءңˣǶʦѯƷ򵤵飬ҰֻǷģδ˵̫ࡣ
ҰȻ˵ҪһºǾһºչλصҲûûȤҪҰھҲܡ
ʱԽԽʿŻɽ˹ɽƵǧ֮ʢһξۻᣬһЩͷǿ߶ˡ
Ұվڻɽ¹㳡ĸߴ̨ϣλҾŵҰ￪¯񵤵Ĳϻȡһ񵤣ƷڶƳƷ񵤵
Ұ£жʱڶʿѵõϢ˹㳡л۵ʿ¶֮࣬ΪҲ顣
Ʒ񵤣֮ܵӰŵ̵Ķû˿Բġ
ɽ̶ԱߺȻֳһɫӰŷҰڵķλǹ
Ұһǰ˷ųϢֻǹ𲢲ոһϯ֪ҰǸƷ
ҵľ㹻ˣֻȱ㹻ҩ֧ŵĻҿԻָĸ졣Ŀ˸
ڹ𶯵ʱ򣬻ɽµĹ㳡иַǷ
ҰȵеԻּλҽ쿪¯Ȼ㽻ѣҲƵ䵽ЩĻС
ͷɽŵȸҰЩ͵ŶһҰ˼ǲˣ
Ǹô죿̲סѯ˳
Ұ΢΢һЦܼ򵥣ҪѣҪħģǧ֮ڲţ˾ˡ
ҰθߵĿ¯ҪΪȡǧķչʱ䡣ҪʿΪУǲܵ飬ΨǿˣӵлȨ
ǧʱ䣬㹻ŷչˡ
Ұ£жʱܿвڱ˴˽̸ţн
٣ħĿصԣ⻰ðǲԸأһЦĳ
в˸˳ħģǶЩϲ
ҰɫƽĵĳֻǲеڵõƵ֮󣬽ٶԸšȫƾԸ˲ԸħģĳҲǿֻħĵ
Ұ̫ԵˣòҪħģ
ʲôԵѵ֮ΪͻƣҪԸţҲ̫˰ɣ
٣ǧʱ䣬ǧ֮ħĿɾûˡһǧ꣬չһ¾͹ȥˣųֵģԿǧ֣֮ûʲôӰ졣
Ŷ֣㻹òͷˣڻ롢ɷƵǰ֮ˣУ˭Ҷ֣
ǰ˼ֻǧ֮ڲţҲ㲻ʲôŵǵǣħҲͲˡ

еڶʿȫ۷׷ף˻ܹħĵġ
šͷɽšڵȴŵ˶΢΢üͷǷħģǶЩԸ
ҰǣչλغңˣĽ鶼뿪Ƭƴ½»в˶п˼
֮ĲУ֮ĲޣҰҲֻΪ˸Ŷһ㱣ϡ
ڣҪѣǰˣħ֮ұڶҰЦ˵˳Ȼ˳ֽһĶ˳Աߡ
еĳ󷨽ƣ򻯰ħ󶼱ӡ飬ǻҲ̽鶴е
ܹԼĳɵ֮⣬泡еڶʿΡ
Σû֪ʲô˵õ˶ٵҩܹ˰ġ
Ըħģǧ֮ڲţħи񽫵վ˳
Ұͷ΢ЦܺãǵһħĵģҰƵĵҩһһŵҩɣ
ϲɫϽŷҰ뵽֮С
Ƭ֮ǸһϲɫĴӶ˳
ôƳûУ˽ѯʳ
ŷûǸ񽫼˵һ䣬ûڻɽ˿ͣһݹʧԶ
Ըħġ
ҲԸħġ
㳡жʱв˶˳һޱȡǶ˲ٵҩˣϧ̫ϡ٣Ǹ߼񣬸Ǻ
ҰȻƳƷ񵤣˵ʲôҲҪƴһѡǧ겻ţ˵ν飬Ȼʼˡ
λһŶӵⶴǰȻڶǰħģȻߡߣʲôһɲҰӶд㳡ϻصù㳡еٰһʵʵ˶ӡ


947 ȥǰ׼
Ұٶȼ죬ÿһ¯ҩܹƳʮ񵤣ϻȡһŵҩ仰˵Ұһ¯ҩܹöʮͬ񵤡
һʿȺȫȥ
ʲôֻҪħĵģҰȫ߲ܡ
տʼʱǼֻóһֵϣӷҰﻻȡ㹻ĵҩǶٴηظԵţ˸ϡ
һµʱҰֱŷɽ
һУҰƴ½ϵҩĶռ˹Ʒ񵤶ǧţƷµ񵤸ʮš
Ȼ˶ģû֪Ұĳɵ˿ֲ
Ұ˽ŵ㹻֮⣬һǧƷ񵤺ŵҩ˻ɽҲ˲ֹΨƿһƣܵõ񵤡
ô񵤣ŵӵһʱʱƣžܹƴ½С
һУҰҵ˹𣺡ϾҪ뿪ƴ½ˣûʲôҪ׼ģ
΢΢£Ϊδﵽ磬ھҪ뿪ƴ½
ҰƽĵһؽһǵԤУǼƴ½ĻҴ¶ͻˡƴ½ѾźˣûĻͿ뿪ƴ½ˡ
ԵƬ̣ҰѵµĹؾ˵һԾգı壬ʧС
Ұüë΢ǹؾǹ磬󣬹ؾͳ֮
ĹӦöؾ˽ĸ࣬ȡؾ˵Ҳһ̫ѵ顣
ûãٴηأĵҴˡ
Ұɫ΢ֱ˵ؾ͵󲿷ֶ˵ûãͶһɽɡ
ɨ˷ҰһۣҪԣ
֮ҪָΪľ㹻ֻҪϣܹܿٴ̤۷塣
Ұ˿𣬵ЦʮòıΣ
ڹҰҲ˽⣬Ϊֹʵƿ֮УܿƵ£ҰùΪһЩ
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ҲҰжٿʮ˵Ѿǳˡ
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Ұֳһʶ´ָеĶʱЦˡ
𸴻֮ؾеĴ󲿷ֶۣ͵֮ȫ˴ָУһ𶪸˷Ұ
ҰЩű£һЩͨĶֱӷ˻ɽĲؾУµӲ鿴
΢Щģ˽ƣƽƵķϿһˣµӡ
˻ɽ飬ҰŹһ£֮ǾͿȥˡ
£ɻѯ˳
ڻҰųĹ
ڻԼŲ֮𣬷ҰǷŹڷҰȥ֮϶Իɽ
Ϊ˰ɽ֮ǣҰ뿪ƴ½֮ǰҪ˺ڻ
Ǿ߰ɣڻ룡һԾ𣬳źڻķٸ˹ȥ
Ұ͹ٶȶǳ죬ʱ󣬾ʹӶ뵽֮Уֹûã͵˺ڻ
ڻҰֱӽ󣬹ôʿ
֮жҰһɲ
ҵ֮ʱ
죬벻ڻϺڻˡ
Ȼ˺ڻ룬ڻˡ
ڶ۷׷ףٴܹڻѹʱЩֻ
һӰƳһϵӣһϮɫȻ
Ǻڻ
ҰҺڻѾѡˣ㻹Ҫ浱Һڻ𣿡ڻѹŭ˵˳
ҪҵĲǺڻ룬ڻҰ˵˳
ڻйâ£ҧгݵĵҰ̫
Ұһȫʩչߵͨٳźڻɱ˹ȥ
ͬʱҲˣӿֳһӴ֮⣬źڻȥ
ڻ֪ҰһҪնɱԼĹ𶼳ˣһսɲ˿⣬ֱӻ˱壬췢һ컢Х÷Ұ˵궼Щ
ХħԶвٴĺ˳һЩΪ͵ĴֱӾͱɢ꣬øɢ³
Ұȹ̣ǻ⻢ХħȻûӰ졣
ҰɱءΪεͨóŹɱڻڻΪǿҲнмܲסˣҰɱѪ񷡣
գڻҪƴ½гȥҰ׼ᣬɽӶֱޡ
ڻڶǿ߿ڻȴû˸ҳȡ
һսҰġ
ҰûжԺڻ֣նɱڻ֮뿪˺ڻ룬ص˻ɽС
ϿҪ뿪ƴ½ƴ½žͽˡڻɷƵ˽ˣŹǵģòҪ֡ӵʮλϵ֮ǰûǵ͵£ǿʵҪ۸ͷϣҲ̫ίɱɱҰϿС
ģϿһУϿ֣صͷ֪ԼʵҪŷҰҲֻϷҰĺȣûҪš
ƴ½ûʲôˣ߰ɣǰϵġŴ½ҰĿ񷣬˸ڹԡ


948 ܵ
Ŵ½𣿹ȻҰ·һ޾Ĵ½̲סп
뿪ƴ½֮󣬷Ұ͹˴Խã޾պ󣬾Ĵ󣬲ڽ뵽ƬŴ½ķΧڡ
պ޾׾ʧ򣬾㷽ҰڹؾпϵϸͼպҲʱʧȥĸо
ǹߵľḻҰʮа˾ŶҲŴ½ڡ
֮УΪٴμڶȥԶˣҰʼտԲ棬ٳ޷ͻơ
վŴ½УҰоһɺƴ޾ĪŴ½΢΢еЩȡ
ЩϤеϢ
ΪϵĴ½Ŵ½˲Ĵ½ܹȵġ
ϵʼֻϵϡĿûʲôֵþ̾ġ𵭵˵˳
ҰƲ죬һﵱɧϵ콾Ƴϻ綼˺պŴ½ȻûС
㵱µʱϵʲôֵעĵطҰŹѯ˳
룬ѾǺܾǰˣŴ½Ҳûʲô̫ı仯Ŵ½ΪϵģֻһЩģϰٸ֮࣬϶Щƴ½ϵǼǿһûС
һûУҰɫ
ҡͷûУҪʮϵϵٵĿҪǲܵ顣Ҳиߵ֣֮лĺûȫһġƴ½Ǽֻе׵Ĵڡ
Ŵ½ûʲôֵһȥĵطܹ˸õĵطһЩǰ´еĵطȵȡҰٴѯ˳
еʿǣʿ󲿷ֵʱ䶼ڱչأǧ궼Ըı䡣
ΪϵģŴ½ЩֵһȥĵطֻصͼĦڸ֮ǧ˲ڵĴε̨ϣһǧ꣬ں쳾ġɽͼȻγɣ̺ױԴ֮׵һЩжŸԵĵֻ̣ǣЩҪǸţЧңܹۿ
ҰͷȣŲЧҲܹۿʱޱȵʧ
ҰܷЧţǲеġ
ûٵطҰ׷ʡ
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Ұ΢طڹؾļмֻᵽط֣û˵ôϸ
һ£ڶʿħ֮طȴֱӹ˵ħħģȷǷ˼
ϷĽɽи֣ǺƳһɶˮһ˵ۣ̺Ľ򣬶ڽ˵ֵԹεĽ̺ǿҵĽ⣬նɱԲʿ˵иҪ⽣ŲƵԼУеĽش꣬ͻɢˡٴ˵ڡ
ҰĿЩȣͬԴֽ⣬ĵкô
ˮµĽⶼǿжҰѯ˳
Ƭ̣ˮˣɱ˵ĻָǻԲ
ҰĳȣԲƳУҲվ۷ˮնɱսȷǿ¡
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ҰΪѴﵽԲ磬ҪѰͻƵЩطܹͻƵ
ȥ֣ҰĿ磬Ⱦѡ˽֡
˵ˮս֮󣬷Ұڶˮɵսһվѡ˽֣Ҫִ˵еµĽ۵ʲô֮


949 
֣λŴ½ϷĽɽУǺƳһɶˮ̺صĽ
ܵӰ죬ɽгһĽ⣬źԶܹӦõ
·£Ұ͹˽ڡ
νĽָ֣ĲһƬ֣һƬɽˮµĽۣеɽϣеɽУеںڣеɽƽ̨ϣһ㡣
ЩۣǶˮ֮ʱÿһ֮ж̺Ľ⡣
ңңȥͺһ˱εĲ񽣣ÿһĻꡣ
ЩӦУҰ׾ܹӦһ˵۵ǿһµĽۣҪЩиϵͳ˽⣬ҪǿĿʼ
Ұ͹һƮн۵Ĵɽǰ
ڿɽʱоһǿҵĽ⣬ڰգһֱָֽĻĸоƺһǿԼ
ڿпĻҰ͹궼ҪܴܵӰ죬ֲƵģûпֽ࿹⣬Ծȥ
һǳ͵ɽ壬ʯϳµĺۼʯ룬һ߽ۣЩµĺۼ˿δӰ쵽ۣڽΧɷΧڶԭеķò
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ЩʿУΪǸ񽫾ǿߣΪֻа񾳽磬еھеڱ˴С̸û˴
Ͼһۣ򽣵ǿ߲ࡣ
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ףţҰиֳһ˿ȵɫ
ЦµģǶˮŴ½һӡҵʱΪﵽڣһЩԲǿ߻Ҫǿԣˮһ仰˵Ե߽Կڴ˲򽣵١ڵһֱŶˮĽ̻壬ԵŴ½ʮ󳬼Լκ˽Կڴ˲򣬵ֹڴƻΥʮ󳬼֮Щ̨ţ
ҰԾȣҲǻٽϼһˡ֮Ԫ޾ֻҪɱܹһֱĴ
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Ұһ˸ţ϶ˣֻǰǾŸڵλýǶãʦռš
ﲻҪ򣬾ֻܵ˲֮ܲ
ȻǱԸóҲԡ
ҪһЩʵǿļһ˻ǶóλõġϾֲ֣ȥ֮ɾûô˼ˣҪһǿߣһӺҪǿߵŭˡ
ҰģҲҪѧϰֽҪֽӡ֤ԼĴȻǰûλãҸλһ
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ǸڵϣҲûմȾ˿Ѫһ㵭Ĺ⻪뿪
Ҳʮ˶ע⵽﷢һĿдϧɫҲû˶˵ʲôȻѾϰΪˡ
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𵭵ĵһɶˮĽۣΪߵģܳʱΪ͵ģÿֻܲƬ̵ʱ䣬ǿв򣬽壬ֲ򣬾ֻ³
ҰǶЩȻˮնɱԲµĽ佣ڣǿµĽۣͲһ˿Գܵ˵ģҪѭ򽥽С
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ŸʲôոǸʿǸڳλ𣿡һ䡣
㲻ȥҰʳ
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ҰٶԣƮȻڸոǸϣɽϵǵۡ
ʱһɺƴĽƵƺһңָܵһ翶ʵڵĺƴ⡣


950 ҵ
糱Ұȫûڡ
Ұ͸оԼ·ڽУ綼ǽ⹹ɣǰһһ½⣬ƺ궼Ҫ
ȻҰ޽ģͬԴɺƴĽ֮УҰҲоԼĵ˸̵⡣
ҰΪԼĵеһ˿εĵ⡣
ֵ뽣ƣһһְԵ
ɫͿܹӦõֵǿֱն˵ϣӿ¡
ҰѾ˵ĳΣҪ쵶ʩչֱֵʩչ
Ұоֵеʶֵ֮ӰԵʶĵҪ׺
ȻڷҰŽһ˿⣬ζ㲻ϣҪɹרԼĵ⣬ҪʱС
Ұǲһֽۣ̺ԶԶδ򣬸ο滹һߵ۹
ҰţֻҪһ˵ȫĵԻз츲صı仯
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һ£ҰŽ̺ĽȫԼĵϣ۳רԼĵ⡣
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ǣǲûдҰ
ˣǿ߶ȥˣǿߣҲһЩ
ҰԲǿߣǺϡƽˡ
һȫ֮󣬷Ұվһڸ˹ȥ
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Ұڵڶ۴Աȵһ࣬ǲߵΪҲ˲١
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Ʋһʱ䣬һ˵ⶼ˸飬Ҳ̫˰ɣٰҵ˽ģٻЩõġ
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ҰܹӦĵѾͣĥһͻļʾܹٴǿһЩ
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ˣһվȥûȰ˵
ħߡҰŴ½ų貹⻪


951 ħ
ħߣλŴ½ħ߾һƬԹƵĶߣԲ鲼ɽĵ£Ŵ½Ľ֮ء
ħ֮Уʶ޷壬ȫڣ׹˵ħµΣմڣһ֮
ħߵĻʿУֻڱԵǻ
ħߵڼ࣬Բ֮洦ɼڣ룬ΣսԽԽ
Ұ͹һħڵأ·ħߣҰһļµĸоƺħݷʲôµĹ
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Ұüë΢ħùɵȷǲ
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һжǼٵģСġһ䣬ûȰ跽Ұ
ҰԼУ󲽳ħ̤˽ȥ
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һǳϵĶߣж˸źںɫɫĿռǳ£ֳ״
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ҰһСĳ·ȥоһĪԼֹȥҪ͸֮С
Ұ΢ʥֱӸУԼȫڣǹصոտʥͱճޣ޷Ӱ쵽Ұ
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ҰŹü㲻ǲôֽˣ
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ܷܷҰ£˵̫ȶ
ѩܷܷĿתƵҰϣҰ˲䣬ųϲɫĺ˳磡
ѩܷܷ֮ʱʮӰĹȫѩܷܷ
СģҰһߵͨ˳˲ѩܷܷߣȻ쵶һƬҵĵ򣬵еⷭһʮӰն顣
磡ѩܷܷϲ˵˷ҰС
ҰסѩܷܷŻϤϢһʱ֮䲻÷֡
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ҰĬĬĵܷܷңʹ޾ǿգҲһҵģ


952 
Ұħ룬ΧϵظֳһϤѻ߶֣Ұƽ̸֮󣬾ն顣
Ұĵ쳣ᶨħлûȻʵʼ޷ҡĵġ
տʼûĹᵽħ߹㣬Ұֱġ
½ħߵڶʱΧֵΣղãеʵĶ˺
ħԽԽ룬ΧΣԽԽǿúǵصȫһͷͷ֮飬ֲǻãǵĹȴ˿٣ǷҰ޾ͨͱɵˡ
󣬷ҰֶڽЩΣնǿл飬ƣħߵ㡣
ħߵ磬ÿһ㶼һС磬Ϣȫͬ
̤뵽֮Χл󾡽ʧֻܸܵһľԶϢУϢǳѹ֡
ҰбžԵľ裬ÿ̤һǳСģʼûзʲô⡣һǳͨĵطΨǹϢޱȡ
ȻҰɫ䣬Լ޷ƶˣڵɽӶ޷
ʱҰֳܸһŹֵУһӽȫڡ
ҰӰƾʧħߵٴλָƽ·κ鶼ûз
ʱձãҰоڴʱƵģ˼Щҡ
Ƭ֮󣬷ҰһϣͨƵĸ߿գ֪жԶ
ڰ̨ΧһʵĹ֣ƻã·
ҰָΧ΢΢üͷ
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ڷҰ̨׵棬һƬޣԼһʵĹ֡
Ұְ˰֣ǹƽһ㡣
ҰĬƬ̣üˢһ±Žһ貵⣬ݺݵնʹ档
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ǹĲǵĤһֺļƳıٶܴﵽƷ۷壬ʱȴȫˣԿɼʱ֮á
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ҰҡҡͷǰС
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Ұɫ΢΢£Ϊ״󺺵ΪΪ״û˿ϢǸܣ
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Ұ̧նһƬҵĵ򣬳Ǹ״ӭ˹ȥ
˵Ұʲô飬ף״󺺣


953 ն
״ǸԲǿߣӳȴһԲҪǿö࣬Ѱڵǿˡ
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Ұɫ΢䣬òʩչȫǿ״󺺵ĹֵסҲٴ䵽¡
Ұ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ˹ֻҪ̤ݣǸ״󺺵ǲ
ֻǣżѹڣʱҪֿΰ֮УΪ޷õ䣬ȵΪĸɾʱֻܵˡ
Ҫ߳ΨлϵǸ״󺺣
Ǹ״󺺵ʵ޽ӽڻҪսʤ治һ׵顣
ҰԼ˽ǳףڵֶξɽӶóҲκεǸ״󺺡
ҪսʤǸ״󺺣ѣ
ʵ̫ˣ
ҰûлģôǿĶΪĥʯܹõĥԼĵҵͻƵ
ҰټŵݣھǧŰپʮŲϥϸŽʣµ˵⣬Լĵ⡣
ˮµĽ£˵⣬򣬷ҰҲֻһһĸȻ󽫽뵽Լĵ֮С
֮󣬷Ұڻİ£ʣµĽ⾫辡뵽Լĵ֮С
һЩⶫˮµĸ⣬ҰӲƾŻ͸ˣһںϽԼĵ֮У˾һ쵶Ծ
УҰ״󺺴ս˲°ٴΣս֮УܹԽ֮죬Ȼڻ޷
Ұˢһ˫ۣڵݺᣬȻնһ棬һ졣
Ұڵĳεļˡ


954 ڤ
Ұһɫ궼ڵУΧĸӦؼĵƺɼ
ڶˣҴӴ˵سȥ֮ʱҶɽٳΪ֮գҰ˸ĵâȫһԵš
ڶԴĸѾﵽ磬ֻһȫյĿռ䣬ӦڣҲû֮ɽãֻܵȵ֮ܶɽ١
Ǿ絽磬ҰʵҲõ˼ŸϵĽ״һϸ¡
ҰԼ״̨̬̤׵ľ޴㳡֮ϣǸ״ٴγ֡
Сӣ㳢ôζûãǱѹˡ״Ц
һӵм䣬ֱ͸ûʲô治֪ʲôĹ̥Ŀܡ
̵ĿܣҰϤˣԵЦսôΣһţ㹻ˡ
ʱ䣬û䣬ķҴսϴҩõĲ˰ɣҿ㻹ֵܼʱ״󺺳һгһƬĻŷҰ
飡
ҰһһѴгԵ쵶һԺƴĵеݺᣬݺݵسŽ״ӭ˹ȥ
һУں˽еһ˵һУѹ֣Եңȥ޻ء
Ž״󺺣ҰһЩûУֻһ赲İԵʽһ˿ȡʤĻᡣ
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ĺ𣬷Ұͽ״Ӳһ£ҰʮɲͣǸ״˿δ
˰ҵһУǲСӣеʩչɣȻûлˡ״ۻ˵˳
ԸҰѹڷѪȫų⣬ħȫʩչ˿
ͬʱҰΪεͨ˳Խ״󺺽з
Сӣ͸ˣĿռֻ֮ƤëͨЩ⣬ҵӰҲ󡣡״󺺲Ϊ⣬е˸˼£ϵַ֮ȫնϡ
ʱ򣬷Ұ쵶ֵˣһС顱ŭն״󺺡
УҰƵĽͨ˳ʥ뵶򣬽״󺺱뵽ɽӶ֮Уڽ״նɱ
״󺺻ΪɢɽӶ֮У̨׺󷽵ɢ¶һ񹬴ϿϵĴ֣ڤ
֣ҰԾıסˣʶƺһ嫺֮УȫϢҲ
֮󣬷Ұ۵һѪĿг˺Ȼɫ
ֵģǸĴڣ֣޷԰Σֱӱ꣡
̺֮ĳûп⹥һ¾
Ұѹĵ׵𾪣Ĭ˴޸Լ꣬òų׻ָ
Ұټۿ֣֮С
һ̤뵽֮УһֱڵѹȻʧΧһʵϢ
ҰоƺĳԼȫ궼ڱϴţӴ⡣
Ұ¶һ˿ɫ֪طԲĿΧϸ̽
ĳзǳ򵥣ĸͨӡŸµģһɹɹŹֵĲ
ĸ޴ģһɫţһ㵭ı⡣
ڴΧǽϣ޴Żÿͨ϶ָּϡɼǴе󷨵
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ǹ̨࣬Ҳһ
ǰ޴ŻҰֱӳŴеŻ˹ȥһơ
ˣ
ŻϸֳһǲˮƵĵŻ˿
Ұ¶һ˿ɫӴȣˮԽԽ죬ŻʼûκηӦ
úҰȫħȫ˳ǸŻʼû˿ı仯
Ұ΢΢üͷֳĸŻֶ޷򿪡
ҰɵһΪһû뵽κһ򲻿ν뱦ɽֶ飬Щʧ
ò׽뵽ڤ֮УҰɲ׷
ҰĿٴڴ֮ĿȻ䵽ĸϣüë΢΢¡
ڤܾ֮С


955 ۴
ҰϥϣкȻһº͵ܹˡ
£һӢƾճڰУڶŷҰۿ鶯Ĺ
˭Ұꡣ
ڤǳֱܹӳԲ򵥡
꺬Цµ֮飬ԳƺΪڤġ
֮飿ܵǣҰ˵˳õɽӶ֮顣
Ҳ˵ı壬һƷ
ڤЦЦҵıһ۱ڤ۱ҲƷǱڤǱڤ۵ĵ
ۣ
Ұ£֮ϣǴۣ
Ұ̤뵽֮⻹ǵһŴ۵ϢƽһЩ˵δŹֻһЩϵ鼮ϼֻƬļء
Ҫ֪Ƴ֮УҲվھԵ۷ˣδŹд۳ֹؾЩ֮УҲûؼء
ڣȻһ۵ĵ
۱Ǵ۵רһЩͨĴ۶޷ӵУ۱֮ȻͳǰҰг˻ȡ
Ұһѹĵ׵𾪣ѯʵڤΪλˣ
ڤ̾Ϣһҵ˱ڤۣȥһǳΣյĵطѰͻƵҲûлİգΪ˷ֹԼĴжϾ˵ڴۣ޾֮ǰˡ
Ұ˵ͷжЩȻ
ڤȥ޾£ӦǴյ֮У߸ϵĴ۶޷ڣ治֪ǷĴ㡣
Ƭ֮󣬷Ұո˵˴ݣѵǰҲ˴ʲôˣ
ڤĻڵڤƬеģڱıڤ֮УǱ˴ϻġ޾ǵݵģǰһﶼǵõ֮󣬼ۣսڤ
Ұ˵ͷûлݵģ
ڤİȻһЦϳֵ·ߣǸݴߵΪģΪԽߣ·ԽǿǿݣҪѵö࣬ҲڴۼǿߣΪڤµֶΣǸͽ
ҰаԸпⱱڤҲһĴۣ֮ĵܹסĴۣһ콾
˵ݣõ˴УĻڤµĴлʣ¶٣ҰȻ
ڤЦЦİɣõ˴УҲû취õеıÿһֱﶼнƴڣΨдﵽҪ󣬲ܹȡӦıõıڤİٷ֮һûС
Ұ˿Цѯʵͨݵ׺ˣܷ˵һ˵
ڤļһõенʣͨݣõڤдС󣬽ʽеһλ棬ȴǸ͵ϮǸҲ뵽ȴ֮ϣڤٴ˱ڤĳܵء
Ұ겻ѣĲ̰³
ڶҹҪСĵö࣬õڤе鲢δκˡƾűڤĴУҹһͻƵ磬ҳΪе۷ǿߡ׼̵۾ʱΪ˷ֹ죬ʹϻ磬ͻˡϧʧˣΧħߣͻʧܵĲڤĸп˵˳Щϧ
Ұһ˵Ĵ֮䣬пʹ󣿡
˵ħߵͬȣںǿʹ
ϾΨнʹܹ뵽磬ȥѩܷܷǿպǾͲ֪ҪѶòܹﱱˡ
ڤ̧ɨ˷Ұһۣĵʹ۷ļУһΣļҪʹÿʹ󣬾ǸҪʹãҲҪĴ۲УʱͲˡ
Ұ׼֪ҪʹÿʹĴۻǳڤԣǲû̫ʧ
ѾȷˣĴ֮Уſʹڵġ
ҰȻͨ˿飬Ϊ޷κһŻ
ڤŵЦЦҪŻҪȵõڤĴСеŦµǸšֻҪǸţܹõڤĴУʱɳԽڤЯ
ãⱱڤĴŦ˵Ұֱӱ˫ۣ뵽µɫ֮ϣʼ


956 ޴ô
Ұȫµɫţ˶һʵĵ֮Уƺشϣת뻪⡣
ҰһŸоµɫŲ򵥣̺ĵϷǳ֮ӣǳǿҪɫţҲһ׵顣
㻨µʱ䣬ҰŽų⻹Ƕ˻֮ȻĻҰҪʱš
Ұ˫ۣиֳһ˿ɫ
ڤŦҰظӦԼڤ֮һĪϵԽڤСڡ
ҰϸӦ±ڤеǼɫ΢΢˶г˻ȵɫֻǶٻЩʧ
ƿ˱ڤ֮󣬷Ұٿɳ뱱ڤеĸˣҪõصıɲô׵ģҪﵽҪܹõ
ףСӣôŦˣڤƾճڷҰǰжЩȵ
Ұ΢΢һЦڤŦǲѣѵǣȡеı
ڤֻĵҪõڤռĸֱɲô׵飬ҪͨڤµĸֽƲСһͨݵĽʣǸյõһƷͱ˸ɵˡ
ҰЦҸȣҿɲڤеϢ̫󣬶ϢҪҵΪ֮ܲ鿴Ұɣⱱڤʲôʺҵı
ڤЦǺǵĵСӵǻ͵ʵʵңʶˡӦףҪش֮ͨԼ򵽵ĴƬ뼺г̻ʱڻ磬ҪԴ̤֮ԼĴڤ̤Ĵˮ֮˵ģȻӦǴееˮ֮С
Ұ΢˸費⣬˷ܵѯʵǲ˵ֻҪҽ˱ڤ۵ĴУҾͿֱˮ֮ˣ
ڤķǳԻƲõõˮ֮УҲ޷ֱˮֻ֮˸׸Ӧˮ֮
Ұ̾ϢΪԵõеģ벻ԼŬ
ڤЦЦڤ۵ˮ֮УΪŲ㴫Сһ£ɻֻǰ㡣磬ܹӴĴСһ㴫УΨлԲǿ߲򡣿ɱСˮ֮УӵִУõˮ֮ƬٶҲ죡
ˮϵƬϵĴƬʲô𣿡Ұѯ˳
ڤĽ͵磬Ҫͨأ׽ؼĴƬǿԼΪִƬΪ֣ܶе֮Ƭе֮ƬģеǿռƬеɱ¾ƬȵȡͨںϵĴƬ̫ӣͻƵѶȾԽࡣңΪ֮󣬽ĴҲϷˣпԳȥġѡһĴƬͻƵ缸ûѶȣҽ̴۾磬ҲкܴĻᡣ
ҰðԵͷˮ֮֮⣬ûĺô
ڤĵЦڹУڿⷭ¿ѧϰĹͻƵ磬ⷭѧϰĹԴơ
УԴκһƷΪﵽ֮󣬱һƷʿɴһƷɴۣҲˡ
󷨵УԴһµ󣬴ͻƣܴһļ
ڿʱ룬оشŷǳõЧ
ҰĿڤϣЦڤڲ𣿡
ڤĲмɨ˷ҰһۣߵڸãǴСãң֪һڤй¶ȥСӿɾֻˡ
ͷųı壬ҿɡҰЩڤġ
ڤ̧һУһӵ㱦У׾Ө͸һɹŹֵƺӰ˵һ㡣
ڤĽĵڤɲһȵģֻҪУܹһռнСڤ㣬һһ磬ʱʱкܴͬһʱϰٱһ죬һ졣ڶ㣬ʱٴﵽǧʱ١㣬ʱ٣ĸȫԴ壡


957 ˮ
Ұа˼ڤǸʱպ«࣬ͬӰʱٵġ
ֻǣʱպ«ǻܻһֱĹ򣬸ڤȣҪԶˡ
õڼ㣿Ұڤѯ˳
ڤƲڣһ㶼ûʸʹáͻƵ磬ʹõһ㣬ҵı岻Ի棬ֻܽʶ뵽ڤΪﵽ֮󣬿ɽҵıԻʹڤڶ㡣֤֮󣬿ȫӳڤʹõ㣬ȻҲ׾١
Ұ˵ͷѾ磬ֻ뿪ֱȥˡ
Ʒ󣬶ԷҰҲȥѡЩ¿ѧϰĹҲûʲôġ
뵽Ұֱӵȴȥеɡ
ڤĵ˵ͷȳŴе˹ȥҰ
ежһµˮ֮Ϣ˸оȫǱϴһƵġ
епյģֻڰյλͣһκɫˮΣȴ͸һɾӨԲĹƺ̺ıԴƵģӨλá
Ұʶľһκɫˮεĸͼһκɫˮ͸һɫ⻪˲û뵽˷Ұü֮С
ҰٸһӴϢӿ뵽ԼǿʱҲǹӴϢѡ
Ƭ֮󣬷Ұٴλָƽڤ۵ˮ֮УȫӡֻǣִŷǳǿĽƣҰظӦֽҪΪ˷ִֹй
ңҰʱ޷̽鵽ӴϢֻܸӦеһСֻĴУĴжҪΪ˲ܹ̽
Ұ̽ڤ۵ĴУһ˿֮󣬶ٸһˮ֮ϢҰˮ֮ԴУ궼оůġ
Ұǳĸűڤ۵ĴУһº󣬲Ŵľ˹оԼǶˮ֮˸ͳʶؼˮϵӦĸ
Ұ𣬼һκɫˮɴڣԱߵڤѯ˳ڤģѾ˱ڤ۵ĴУˮôڣǲ滹ʲôܣ
ڤĵǰĽʺҹȫ˱ڤ۵ĴУǶˣڤ۵ĴȻ˶ϾˣڤۻѰĴˡ
ޣ֪ˡҰһʳ⣬ɶڤһҲ˼ԼĸܣֱӾô˵˳
Ӵе֮󣬷Ұ̤뵽˹֮У鼮
֮¿Էĵ鼮ҰɹۿЩ鼮ĸȤ
磬һֱڤķţԻһķ꣬Դ䣬ͱͨԱȱĸǿ㱾ˣҲԻȥͱֻҪһţͲȫͬڷҰһֻܻͨʱķѣ޷ô䡣
磬һڵ֮ԽؼԼѨ֮УشɾҰĸоֻ࣬ǸҰľתȣࡣ
磬һֶתƵͨԽֵĹȫ֣Լܵκ˺ʱЩ̣ʱڣ޵У

طͨ÷Ұǰһ۵ļŹȻ㲩ҰûŹ׷ḻ˷Ұļš
ȵҰԼܿĹۿ꣬ѾǰºˣҰ¿ĹȫԺУвٶе棬ֵעģҲǼڤͶתͨţҰúһ
ҰиûнУڸˣǲŽ뵽֮У㳯ڤ˵ڤģ׼뿪Ҫ׼ɽˡ
ӦѲס㣬ѾڤŦˣҪ뿪뿪ɡڤĲں˵˳ڷҰǷ뿪ǲô⡣
Ұٹͣ΢ֱӴӱڤ뿪ٴγħߵ㡣
ҰظӦ뿪ڤʱ򣬱ڤͳĵ֮УԻ䡣
֪˱ڤҰڱڤûйĹעעٴηħߵ㡣
Ѿ޷ҰħûӰ죬ҰӦϢϷټͣħ֮УֱӾʹħ뿪


958 
Ӧ˷ҰϢӰһڷҰԱߣЦȥųҶԸӦϢһΪѾˡˣҾˡ
Ұ¶һЦʧˣ㻹üְ𡣡
ʱ䣬ָҵν鲻ħ֮УǷõʲôô´˷ҰһۣԼоҰƺЩͬˣ˵ﲻͬ
ȻкôоԵİտͻƵ磡Ұųâ˶͸һ˵İë֡
ľӷҰϵϢȻжϳҰڵһ;µͻơ
Ҳ֪ҰڸյΪѰͻƵڷҰ㹻İܹͻƵ磬֪Ұħп϶ʲô
Բ뵽ҰħеõǴ۴У
߰ɣҸطͻƵ˵ҰŹкһѡ˸򣬳žķ˹ȥ
һƬݼɳĮʿᵽȥҰĿƬɳĮ
ҰԼ׽ٲͬѰħ߶ɽ٣ٵԽħĨƽħеõ˱ڤ۵ĴУȻĨħߣҸ˼ĵطɽ١
֮ΪһҰȻĺһͷڷ޷裬ȫ˸Ĺʣá
֮⣿УҵҲһ콾ˣҵҲŽǧѵܱҵĸǿƣǻٲŻֵĽƣΪȻƲƲ죬ˢһǧ⡣
ҰҡҡͷڵľתתԼϢȫͷ˳һصƲͷ˳
УҾ˵𣬾ƣǧ͡
һ仰δ˵꣬ͼʵĺƲǴһգۼӵ﷽Բ
ɫ䣬˲˵ϻһɫӰԼٶȫӳ˲ݵ֮⡣
΢˿ɵǺصƲ㣬ŵĵȻƣôоǻ٣Сӵʲô̥
ʵĽƻתƲнŸɫ׹˸һɺһֻص׽١
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ĺһ޾Ľ״ƺҪ·һжƵģֱϮҰ
ҰЦһȭȥһȭµһ嫽׺鿪
׿ɲֹһҰһиĽ׽ȫ֮У񱩵Ʒܲס
ŴеķҰ۽һһƷֽ֮УҲֲ˶ðɣ
Ұжһ쵶ԼһС顱ʩչʱǰһƬհףƬûĵ֮С
˶ɽ٣뾡취ĿףڿԽ뵽ߵľ֮СҰڶɽ֮ʱǽ׵ǰѽ׵˵ʯ
ٿֲޱȣ㷽ҰǿҲϵ˺ѣҿвͨһδε޸ˣԸеĴ֮뼺
ʱƣԽԽֲԶĹ𶼸еľҰܵĴԽԽأȫӲ˹øǿ
һδεˣһδε޸ҰоԼԴĸԸӦؼĴƬ
ҰĬ˾תĽԼӦĴƬ˹ȫųҫ۵ʡ
ƬԽԽ࣬ҰظоڵĴɶˣٹȫıݳ˹ȥ
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һ޴ڷҰڵĴݣˡ
Ұֱоȫһɣʹĸоʱ궼ĳɱ䣬ǿˣһһоյĸо
Ұ쳤Хһչһе쵶һƬԾһʵĽն鿪ٴλָʡ
磡
ԲãҰͻƵ硣
ζɽ٣Ұ쵶Ҳ˽еĴ֮ɱһƷ
ĳɹˣ֮ʱͿȻ٣һȥˣǸ콾п
Ұ쵶ڹԣЦͻƣкüɷǳǿϢϹˣллûҪˣ߰ɣ


959 Դ֮
Ұ͹뿪ɽ֮أ˾
һƬԲĺɫ󣬺һаĺɫϢźԶܹܵһ˾Ϣ
ǰľҰаԾȣǧĸӦǳԼԸӦеĺˮˮһɷǳӴľ֮۶ɡ
ȫǾ֮
֮У̺žˮ֮Ƭֻÿһˮ֮Ƭ̺ļµľ֮ĲᶨĻɾ֮ʧȥȥֱ˶ϡ
ıԵλãˮ֮ƬԽ٣֮ҲϡһЩԽȥ̺ˮ֮ƬԽ࣬Ǿ֮ҲԽǿ
˵ھԻзǳӰ죬УѰȻ
Ұõ˱ڤ۵ĴУйΪŵҪ뽫ǰ㴫ȫ򣬱Ҫˮ֮Ƭſԡ
˵˾̺ˮ֮ƬǷǳӴ
Ұӻеõ˾תںǧ֮֮ҲУֻҲһչ࣬ȻҲᱻǹɾ֮Ӱ졣
Ұ˼һջǾҪ뵽ȥС
׼뵽Укδ㣿ҰŹѯ˳
ǿƵĿ˷ҰһۣɹŹֵĺܣӦĳ̤ǿ֤δ֮µģ֮ԻԲӰ죬ѾͻƵ磬αҪ֮ȥ
ΪҵĿɲ㲻뵽֮УǾһɣҰŹԸһ˾
ҡͷǳⷽҰɲһĵطڷҰѾͻˣҪյȥðգЩ벻ͨ
Ұɲ뷨뵽˾֮С
˿˿Ƶľ֮ŷҰ͸ҰĬ˾תܵľ֮ȫգ̺֮ˮ֮ƬͬҲΪԼ
ŷҰ룬ǰٶȽҪԭΧľ֮ԽԽǿЩܵӰ죬ƺÿʱÿ̶ھ֮У޷԰Ρ
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ҰĬ˴˲ָѣаԾȡ
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Դ֮ٴһװ죬ԸٶŷҰ
³ҰɲԼСЦڿɾԴ֮ʱ򣬺ԥľԶӴ˹ȥ
ͬʱҰת۵˫֮У˫۶ֳһʣԴ֮е˫֮С
ھԴ֮ģȻһѪɫ࣬ոװ죬


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ҰһԼߵͨʩչ˳ȫӴţǿ֮ľڻš
飡
Դ֮۳һ޴ȭͷصغڷҰı󣬷һƵ졣
ҰԸٶȳԶֻǶһĨѪ˿Ʒĵزһ¾ֱܹӽ
Ұ˲òȥǵѪȫӴܣСʱԼ˲Ծ
ӦѾķΧڣΧһۿ߼ʵĺɫ
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ҰдϲǾ֮еһƣֻҪƣͿ״뿪
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˵꣬һֱӻ˺ı壬ȳžԴ֮ɱ˹ȥȵƽľ֮ȫĴ˳ȥ
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˷ҰüεǸŮҲվԱߣĿս֮Уҡͷпѹ뵽֮УԭһػǲСֻǣϾԴ֮ǻпܻ䣬ܣӭսԴ֮ѵֶ𣿡


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֮ĿΧľԴ֮ŷҰ͹ѹǰ޵ӦǾֻʣһ࣬ԾԴ֮ĹҲǳǿ
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˲վڴ۱ԵǿߣƾһƲʶһܹ࣬ӳѰҪǿܡڸոյײУҰѾˡ
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Ȼܷסңôܣǿдһɲ
ңҰһǿ೯ɽӶ˹ȥƶһɽƵġ
ĶٿһЭ
ǿ༫仺ĳŷҰƽڽӽɽӶʱ򣬶Ȼǿгһɫ⻪ֱϮҰüġ
ҰһδӦǵڹ뵽ü֮С
ڷҰʶ֮Уֳһȫںɫ⻪еӰӰ͸һƢľ֮
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ҰаȻһǰһվڴ۱ԵĴڣ䲻ȫֶҲԶвпٲ
ҵˣӰ˷ܵĽһһӰҰʶеĻ


962 
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ʱҰʶеĻҡҷ챮Իڻ֮ϣҰʶе֮ĳŻӿ˹ȥ
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˵ٴ뵽˳˯֮УѾѹˣγ˯̫ãܿͻٴѡ
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Ұ͹ǿ࣬ٴλָƽֻ̺ǹɾ֮ѱʧȥǿΪԴȪʱƣе᳹ɢڡ
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Ұ鲻ŮǰʾãܵŵķҰѣ𡣡
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Ұаֹ˵ǧˣ궼
ȤĻȥμԡ콾ǰʮԽ뵽ؾؾֻųʿֻҪزۣȫܴﵽ磡˵һϢ÷ҰĶѡ
Ұ𣬹ЦҲŹؾ⣬Ȼײ£Ǿȥ԰ɡ
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ҰǸƿӵģĿɨƿеŵҩʱ򣬶ʱסˣĽ˹
ƿװŵģʡȴĿޣ
⡭̫ˡЩֻȴ÷ˡ
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ҰЦЦŰɣһҪٱչһ֮һ޹ġ
˵֮󣬷Ұת뿪вٵҪ죬ʱܸһ޹


963 ڶ
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ţҰգԵ쵶У˸ɫƣˢһ´ǿѸӹ
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֮ı쵶նΪ룬пڴƽ羵
ҴӦ࣬ѡˡҰŹЦ
ֽаߣЦĵȥָΪˡ˳һ£콾ʢĺô治٣ֻҪ콾ʢϱֳɫͻϵĴƬֱתԼΪֻǿߣ콾ʢϱֳɫĻĴ֮¡ңĪ֮£Ըźѡ
Ұ˳ֽʣµİ뵽ɽӶ֮Уй⻪˸׼콾ʢϴ͵ģֻҪܻǰʮõؾˣû뵽콾ʢϻֺôǿץסʡǧĿޣܹźѣ콾ʢϻҪúñֲС
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ҰսڣԲս𣿱ģҲ
ԼһɽȥչˣҰֱӼԼ뵽˶֮С
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Ǹվڴ۱ԵǿӵоԴ֮ҰҪеȫִָĿֱӱյ
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ҪڤҪȰһΪ
֣ǽӲķѳ룬겻ǿشʿҪطɹҲǳ͡
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ڣҰ걻ǿзѳ궼ӵзҰļ䡣
һŷҰĲͷѪӷҰԺгû뵽ԱߵѪ֮С
ѪŵٱҰĵڶգѪɫգ⻪뵼䣬ȫɱһҰ
Ұһжһģһħ壬ͬӵС
ҰķͬʱܲһƷתתʼָΪ
֮󣬷Ұٴλָ۷壬ķҲǰȫԼΪȹ龳硣
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ҪΪҰʵ㹻ǿ󣬶ֶǰ࣬õڶճ;ӵΪ
Ұֱӽڶ뵽ڤȥˣͻƵ磬Կڤһ㣬ӵаٱʱ٣ڶҲܹõС
ҰʶԺеĻ棬֪ǲǻѵԵʣħеƷתֻδתɹ
ڶ֮󣬷Ұͷ˶תƵͨ档
תƣǷҰӱڤ۴еõһֺͨԽֵĹȫڶʱھ޵С
ӵͨҰͶһɱﵣܹڹؼʱ̷ӳ벻á
ִͨӡԺ֮󣬷ҰѾִͨԭڶʱڣ޻һԼһǧİֵĹȫֵϡ
ֻͨҪеɣѣµʱ䣬Ұͽͨȫգһơ
ڽʱУҰÿ¶һƬףΪͻͽһ֮ΪѾȴﵽ۷壬ڻһЩ
ҪͻƵڣҪ̫󣬷ҰϵѾֻܵȴԺлȥͻơ
콾ʢʱʣ¼ˣҰȥ̫ٻʱӶ˳׼޹
ǸӦ˷ҰأҲӱչصǸɽ߳ΪɲˣӦѾָ˻ڡ
콾ʢʱ쵽ˣ߰ɣȥ޹򡣡Ұкһɽе󷨣޹ڵķ˹ȥ


964 콾
޹λŴ½ĺģһƬƴĻԭһۿͷһľԶϢ
Ŵ½ʥأѹһеȴõĵر
ҰϵʱѾʿһϢǳǿ󣬶Ǹеٮٮߡ
£֪콾ʢἴвʿǰü궼Ⱥ޹ˡ
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ȵ˷ҰһۣЦЦڻܹӳųɵĵ֮ҲǷǳˡһ£ոս뵽ʿֻܷӳһ룬ͱ֪ˡԽ޹ѹƵԽǿŶ޹Ϥܹӳĵ֮࣬Ҳôʿǰ޹ԭ򡣡
ҰԵ˵ͷ˸ƹ⻪ĻֻҪϤϢĵܵѹҲֶ̫࣬λǿԶóġ
˵˵ĹƽԣоԵĹƽϵ콾ʢᣬ϶ʿ콾ʢĵص㶨޹ҲҪˢȥ󲿷ʿϾ콾Ҫѡ콾ؾϵȥμӺƳ콾ʢᣬֻʮ˵ڴսл˰棬ؼģʮ֮ȻҪˢȥ󲿷ֲϸļһ
Ұо˵ĵЩʮ˵콾ʢϵ֮ǾûôҪˣؼҪܷǰʮ
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965 ǧ˲
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ʮ̨֮ڣǽΨзʿſԽ룬䳬ߣֻԶۿ
ֵĵطȻʮ̨ȻվŲӰÿһͷɡ
ǵĿɨʱжεľηĽ
̨ЩӰһЩǿߣһЩĴ콾ɽǧ˲ڵȴŵӵܣ˶Ǽ
ˣǶվԽԶĵطɲҸЩһ̡
̨ΧЩˣҰĿȼƵս⣬Щ˵ϣܹظӦһɹԵѹͬ콾ԾѪڡ
ݷҰĹ۲죬һǿߣŴ½ʿռԼٰ룬ϾŴ½֮ԶϵҪء
Ұܸ㣬ʵ϶ܹ콾ۻгɫı֡һҰĿ˹ȥ
ԶԶأҰͼһһϮɫȹòŮԼŮ˫׵̶ƺ˵꣬ǧ˲ڵ塣
Ұ¶һĨЦݣкּˡ
ĮŮҰǺкøеģȻˣҰȻӶΪͣھ磬ƺЩǸҰٶȣǾС׼ˡ
ڷҰڵʱزһʶԼɨ
ҰףЩһ̽Լʵ
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Ұ΢΢׾ͿƲӦϲ壬Լˡ
ĵ⣬Ұûзϡ
굽ЦӯӯĽܵλ˵ŷҰھиԴ֮ԿʵǷ
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ǿϲŸкû뵽˿ӣһҲӣ˷ҰķС
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ҰŮһۣŮΪԲ磬÷Ұܵ˺ܴѹʵҲ򵥡
ŷҰǧ˲ڵķʦ㣬ǧ˲֮жռͷ귽述ʾǿߣһ£ó־ͿöֱӰܱˣǷ׵ܵܣûǲҪһʶ
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966 Ὺʼ
忴Ұʵǿ¿ǰʮǿ֮Ķ֣ԼûգΨЩ콾ܹ֮档
ʴˣصؽһЩֵע콾ʵģҲýܡ
еǧ˲ڣڸ콾˽⣬ҲԶȷҰҪöࡣ
һܣҰϵǿ߶˴ŵʶ
صܵкüɽƹڣ׵˲ĳɾͣɱˡɽһ콾ֵ壬һǿߣɱΣ˷ʤŵľڿռ֮輫ߣĳɾͷǷŵĪһ巽һģڵĲά鷨ȵȡ
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ŵĵӣʦһ˵ȫҲǰʮǿһλѡ
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Ҷ״ϵЩһȫǻǿߣ
ҷһɽһʣͶ´󲿷Ӱ·ڶʿע⵽ˡ
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ε콾ᣬҲ֡

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ţһ»ڵվҶǰ˫ǧһ㣬ӳɨһȦЦ˵ӭλμε콾ᡣ콾ĹͽشѾ֪ˣһΡ콾ĲߣҪǹǧ֮ڵʿſԣɻأмİ취콾֮Уֳɫʿ˰ֱתɸԵΪֻɲãϣλúñ֡ңǰʮǿԽ뵽ؾ֮ȥܹϺƳ̨ʶƳЩ콾ˣ׼ߣԽ뵽ʮ̨Χ֮ˣһӺ콾ۻ̡
ڶʿ鶼ǳ˵ǶѾ˽⵽Щ򣬴ʱԣǸеͷȡ
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˶ʱȻһ־ҪˢȥʿʸڶֵֻаˣٸһϿ
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967 콵
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һսǴսֳҪÿʿĿˡһɱˣֱӾȡʸˣҪСĽ
ңվ̨ϣ˷ǵˣǸ֣ҲҪֹΧɲһɵ顣
Ұվλ΢ԵΧ󲿷ֶ񽫾ǿߣȻȥùͷûżһɨҲԱҰ׵ֵסˡ
ҰƷʿĹϿӡ

Ȼ뷽ҰԶһ걻̨һʵȴҲ졣
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ҰϸֳһĨϲɫ콵ȷԼıйأԽɫ֮Խǿ
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֮УҪȻ뵽콾УҰû׾óʱͳ֡
ڴʱ뷽ҰԶһ̨ϣͻأĸֳһĿռУ޲̨ϵˣǿƵĽ˶ֻ̨̨ʣһˡ

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һĻ˶е׷׽ĿתƵǸ̨ϡ
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ΧһƬԻ֮ʿɵ㶵ķױɨȥ
ŵĪһһսƵģÿһȭһʿ̨Ȼ԰Ե
ڵĲάһ֧ߵëʣʻӶһʶΧһʿȥʵǷ
ܻһʵʵĽ⣬ֱն꣬ʿ̨
콾Ⱥ֣˵޷ɨȫҲв׵ı֡
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968 ͻͽ
ҶϣµŸ̨˴ЦǺǵĽ̸š
ǵѣɽǳӣƹڵĹԵֵĹ죬л뵽ˡи꺬ЦԱһ۴˵˳
۴󺺵ĹһЦСûҶǿŵľҲˣΪֹǵһ峡ʿ˴콾ǰʮһ
ͱവˣǧ˲ڵķŵĪһڵĲάڤħŵħŵԶŲ׵ı֡ңʹ½Ҳ콾ɱСǡ˵һ콾ᣬǰ漸춼ҪӾʡЦ˵˳
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콾ᣬߴ񽫣һ֮У񽫶ˢȥµĻ϶һЩ񽫴ڣҲǾӢеľӢ
Сʱÿ̨ʣµʿֻʣ˰ˣ˴֮ԾţڼųˣΨֱá
ҰԨsվ̨ϣɨųˡҰҲˣ֮Ũɢŵɫ⻪ΪҲȹھ硣ֻҪû˶֣ҲֵñӦս
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ҪͨһֿˣֻҪ̨ܹͿˣȻҰѲȻҸӲӲҪѡ
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Ұ֣֮˸ԸǣǶɲ١
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Ұң֣ԵеǺɣڵǿߣҲ޷סǵĲֻ̨ڶĸˣϵ֮ԽԽŨ
ңΪȲ۷壬ҰΪ۷廹Щ룬
ֹСʱȺ˳ֻ̨ս
źֻ̨ս
ĺֻ̨ս

ܿ죬ʮ̨ϸԾʤʮǿߣڵǸ̨쳣⣬ֻԼ


969 ǰʮ֮
սŵľݾǰʮǿ֮У̨ʿ˳Ծʤǰʮǿȫ
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ң˵ͷܸɴĵһ䡣
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Ұڵ̨ϵмڵǿߣûԲǿߣҰ쵶δʣȺʤ
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ҰǸֳһ˿Ц͸оԼе⣬ҰҲѵһϧոǲûзֵһ̨ϡ
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ԷĹҰֱʶһնǰ뵵磬ն˷档
۵һѪ˴̨ϵɶ̨֮£ŵɫ
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ڷҰûϣǧ˲ڵ콾һս
µĿŷҰ˵ҰΪ۷壬ǸոͻƵڵģ֮½ӽˣ֪ʲôĴô콾
ǧ˲ڵһ㬵ĵСӵΪʼǸ̰壬ܹǰʮǿҲǰʮǿЩࡣ
ǧ˲ڵˣսҰʧܣǧ˲Ҳ޹⣬ڷҰûʲôøС
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ȺսҰʮˣϧһ˳ɹսħĪһʿնɱѪޱȡ
ʮû˿䶯
𣬹Ц콾ǰʮǿѾʤǼϼһϾֿؾʮ˽ȥʮ졣Ǵؾ֮ұǰƳ½μƳ콾ᣡ


970 ؾ
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Ĵ֮ȻϲϴϽ֮Ĵ֮Ӵ޾ȫת֮£Ϊı콵ʱҪ죡
ҰоԼΪﵽ۷壬ȻͻƵڣһڲǿš
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ҰĿжǹŹֵɫܹôƣǶ֪ҰԲ򵥡
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ϵĽŨˣ˵ûгȫ׼ںƳ콾һˣɱԣǿġ
ĪһҲԵĽҾǶӵһսʵˡ
ǰΪ͵ķҰҲﵽ۷壬ӽԲˣ治֪ؾʲôĺõطǱ仯֮󡣡

۷׷׵ʱӺͷǶȻ
ǻܹҰһϸ£ڣѾԶԶϲϷҰĲˡ
ңչλһۣ˴˵жЩ˷ܵɫΪҰˡ
߳ҰΪ֮Ҳɵó鴤£ҡͷСӵĽչ󣬱Ϊֻǿﵽڵģû뵽Ѿﵽ۷ˡټСֶĶ࣬ںƳҲܹӵһϯ֮ء
ҰԶԶңչλصˣǵ˵ͷ˶û뿪ܣҲûȥңǶġ
Ҷϣ˶վҰ˵Ϊ۵ףһԾ治ѡ
ʮλ˳ĽοڣǼϼһʹǰƳ½ȥƳ콾֣ϣǲҪϵˣ˵һҰ˽Ҷ棬һʧԶ
¸첲ֹȺϼһҲ֪Ӵңϸ첲ȵģԼϹȥ


971 Ȼǳ̨
Ƴ½ޱߣŴ½Ҫ౶Ի궼ֻּСһ֡
Ƴ֮йһ˸ϵϵһзһ֮󣬷Ұ˺Ƴ½֮С
һµĳۣҰΪȹ۷徳磬Բֻʣһ֮ң֮⣬һ֮УҰ˶ϵһЩǿҲ˸򵥵˽⡣
źƳ½ǹѲΰҰһƾɫ
δ̤㵽Ƴ½֮УҰܹظӦǹɺ嫵Ƭ½лĴ
κƳ콾ľٰص㣬ǺȻǳ̨ʱ֮󣬳ʱ䲻ȷںƳ콾ϣǶҪúñ֣ܹбֳɫĻпֱͻƵ磡ңܹӱǲϻ콾õĺôĹġ
֮ҲǸŹâʱˡϣˡ
ħ촽Ѫĵϣǲʧ
ֵҲĦȭƣ׼һӡ
Ұ˵ںƳ콾лͻһЩǿߣҪںƳĴӱɲһ׵顣
ʸǰμӺƳ콾ʿȫÿϵеǰʮǿ֮ÿʿٶЩƣôǿӱѶȿ֪
˽̸֮УҶѿˮǧɽ˺Ƴ½һ޴ƽ̨֮ϡ
ƽ̨ƴޱȣһƽ̨ıԵȴƽޱȣǱһӡƽһ㣬˸Īķģǹ⡣
ǺȻǳ̨˵ʮȺģָƳ½һ𣬾ǻԲǿһҲֺȻǳ̨˳жЩĽ
ҰаԾȣܹʮһıֵȻԹϧƳ½һģֻܱ޷Ϊ
Ȼǳ̨ڶʿˣڵȺźƳ콾Ŀкüطڱ˴˴սţҩζǳŨ
ھƳ콾Ŀʣµʱ䣬ϵ֮Ҳڱ˴̽ϵ콾ʵ
Ұ˸ոںȻǳ̨ϣ߾һϷʵŮϣⲻϵļϼһִһ𣿡
˳ķȥͼһȺʿͣһҶ״ķ棬ΪһĶ˵Ů
ŮϴѹҰףջˮСǸϹˣһǴͷģΪȻɲ⡣
ںҶ״ķϣһЩԳϼһ֮⣬ͬʮŵӡ
ʮŵӣҰжЩȣصһӡŻϣǸǿߣ
Ǹ֮⣬˵Ǹϵеʿ࣬󲿷ֶԲǿߣҲ۷ǿߡ
˶ӦǸΪһȻ
ѹǸŮӸҳԳЦһǿѹǵȷŵʱ
ҲǸ꣬üͷЦţϵҲûʲôɇNɪģһлǵȵ콾Ὺʼ֮۶ϵĺá
˵ҲûÿϵǰʮûзֳΣǲ˴˶ԾġÿϵǰʮǿٶЩƣϵЩ˵ϵˡ
ڸϵʱ޷жϳÿʿʵģΨֺƳ½֮Упܷʵ
ϵļһûԪһ˾͸òҿˣû˵ҸֵģȻϵӪдһķ
ԶԶȥ˵Ǹ׳꣬͸ϢԨӿϼ׹˸Ȼ׵ɾͷǷ
ϵҶ죡
ҰԺиֳ˴˵ϣǸӣ֮ѽһĿƷ۷ϵһеٮٮߡ
˵ϵǰʮǿ߲ûų˶ΪҶʵܹϵһŽǰ
ҶϵλվϵĵȽһУǷʸһս
Ļ£˫ųһ⣬һš
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972 콾
ҶƺһǰѪۣ˲ȥֻ·ȴۡ
ϾȥҡҡͷȻ㻹ʸ񣡡
Ҷŭ֣ȵŵֹܶɶвոֶֻѣȫ֣Ʋҵ֮ܣ
ĵֶûһĿѡ
ҶϢ΢ͣߵҲҸһ£
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ԪµĿһۣҶ촫ˣõ˶ˮһ˵⴫УǴʵ㲻Ķ֡
Ҷ΢΢üͷĿڷҰϣһߵߣҾˣǸ·ģҲҹ֣
ҰǸֳһ˿Ц⣬Ҷ쿴ҲЩĻոձɨӣ±ҪҸΪ͵Ծ档
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ϻ˵һսҶӺҶ״ϳգо֮ɫȻŷҰ
ҰͻأʧԭأһӾֱӳҶǰȫųâÿëжħ֮ǿưԾĳҶźɱ˹ȥ
Ҷд󾪣ûϵҰɽֱ͸һ㣬ǹɳصѹһϢĸо
ʱҶһӶȭͷŷҰӭ˹ȥ
䣡
ĺ𣬷ҰҶ˴˶ԺһȭӰÿ
Ұθˣٴϣȭͷ㳯Ҷȥ
ҶкȻոһȻ֣֮֮ҰвСĲ࣬ӲӲϣ壬ҲǷҰĶ֣
Ұ˫սڣһȭһȭĳҶţҶ޻֮
ڸտʼʱҶ컹ܹǿ£ȭҶȻ޷סҰȭͷһſͷһƬһƬ
ס֣ϵһиŭȳǿֹ˷Ұס
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Ҷߺ޵ɫЩɵ־ɫѾҰ״ˡ
ҰδѹƵķĵĶһ˿Ѻۡ
ҰĿж𾪣ǺˣҲѾ˷Ұһ׼û뵽ķҰȻͣҶû˿֮
ħ˫ĿŷҰħ壡˵еħ壡ֻҪɱҲӵִ˵еħ壡
Ұ죬ĿħɨͼħĿ˲ƽոһĻǴûгֹƵġ
Ұ治ɫЦѡ
ħʼħ壬ħ˻û룬ħʶȤˣǸԼ鷳Ұʧ
ƮƮ΢΢üͷһܷܵģʶҰ˱뺷֮Ժֻʱѹ˼Ǿ׼ʱ֡
ĪһԼҰԱ£ҡҡͷ巽ҲвСĳɾͣǶҲ͸Ҷ࣬Ұֳ֮¶ܹƷˣв硣
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Ұʼ磬ҵΪ۷壬㶼ɻˣҪսңȷ
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Ԫӣս㣡գһ޻ĳУ˻һ⣬ɷ˵ĳŻԪϮɱ˹ȥ
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ӰٷֿЦĵ˻ȻѹҶδռϷ磬ȵ콾ʱֶΣ
ԪһҲص˺Ҷ״档
콾ʼ֮ǰǶ뽫Լɱﵱ¶ʱУҲǱ˴֮һ̽оԷɲ⣬ʱ
˵ԪӵΪڻ磬ΪԲ磬˴ƽ֣ʵϾѾԪˣûԪӸо޹⡣


973 ǿƼ
ԪӳֶδռϷ磬ϵ콾ûټսϵ콾һϵ콾ɵĪ
ÿϵûų˭Ҳ֪˭жǿðȻ֣һߵ壬ֻܸ
ţҴһɻۣǸ޶˵Ůѯ˳ǵ⡣
˵ĿУҰѾ˽⵽ǸŮжκױǸԲǿߣϵһ
κױһϵѵóܿùȥļһ֮⣬˶ǲݰɣ
ǲǲݰǵԾ֪ˡ˵˳
һ콾ʵҲܶƲһЩپֵ塢ħ˶սģս
ô˵öκױӼɵˣκױգ˼£ЦǺǵĵϵϵĹϵôã˴дҲսɣսɣÿ˳־ˣҪֵò졣
ʼ磬Ǿôɡ
ʱУϵϵ콾˴սΪޣ϶ûзֳӮֻöԾ˫Ա˴˵ʵиµ˽⡣
УϵϵĻԪӶռžԵƣ֮һ㶼ܹռԵϷ硣
ǽɴˣ֮Բ˵Ԫӵ츳ͲΪռ˾ԵƣѰĻڵǿҪǿö࣬Īһ˶ϻԪӣ֮Ҳѹ·硣
ڷҰոյĳɫ֣ϵü콾սǷҰǵƵģֶܶǿ֮ڣִܹ¡
󣬻ԪԳ֣ҲδռϷ磡
ϵЩһֱӽҰΪΣУܹԪһսǿߣԲС
ħ˸ҪҰɱֵģҰսô뺷Լδ֣Ǵӳ顣
Ұ˻ԪһۣǷһ˿Цݡ
ոպͻԪӵĽ֣ҰԼԪӵݷһɳȵݷҰƲ⣬ӦĳֻǲԪڵ𵽵Ǻ
Ұ֪ԪӦҲڵʥ𣬵ں
˴̽һڱ˴˵ʵЩ˽⣬ûҪǿзʤġ
ʱƣϵ콾ԽԽ࣬ʼһЩ콾ǳ
κƳ콾ᣬÿϵʮһЩϵ콾޴콾ûиԵϵһԼǰǸԼǰ
һ͵ĽƮȻ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥÿ֮е֮󣬺Ȼǳ̨Ϸʱʼɧ
ңңȥһ̨ϥһ͵Уׯϣһ˵顣
ĦŵʯĺУ˵һֱʵʹﵽ˻磬зĸͨʵɲ⣬кܴϣԳƳǰʮǿ
ĦţǺƳָ֮һλڽϵ֮УĴۼӶв٣µȻǿ
ʯĺвˣشںȻǳ̨һ䣬ĿΧ˸͡
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ǣвټһﶼԶԶܿˣԸ̫˴С̸š
ϵеļһҲˣ˵ϵų˸̫壬жϿСϿºԩɱĻֹһˣǸݲӣ˵ľǶϿˡ콾ˣ򲻿Ӳƴ
̫ҪʿϿɱԣԶԶܿ
ϿȻǶҲƻɵĪ
ʯĺлǶϿУ⣬ϵ콾һʱ֮䵹Ҳû˵ǰս
٣ĻûҪսҵģһЦһһϸƬĺںȻǳ̨ϣħ˫Ŀ˸⣬ƾ졣
ħŵħ͵ˣܵħŨˮһħɲ⣬˵ħɷϵΧϵж˺պҲǸѲĽɫ
ͬħ⣬û˸ս
콾ỹδʼǱѪԵĸɱˣǾ̫ˡ
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ܹظӦħ͸ѹħҪö࣬һҲǸǿߡ
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һԽĽ֮һͨ쳤ԶѸϷȻվǿߣÿһˡ
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ڿǺƳһţڽ޵ã˵ʿߵĶǽޱȣԲС
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һƵ죬һεϯúȻǳ̨ϵڶʿһлƤķУòƽ
е˼ǽɶˮĴУϧΪĺµ˵˳
ΪһУ콾ϣһսġ˵һ䣬ֱӱ˫ûټ̽
ı֣˶ע⵽ϵһ
ϵ˺ǿĽ⣬˭
˵õ˽ɶˮĴУһʵҲǿޱȣֻǻδͻƵ磬ĺȣЩࡣ
ʱƣһһ콾Ⱥϵ֮ٶһֻǵǺȥսЩǿߡ
ڶļ£Ҳûг
ͨЩĽ֣ҰںƳϵ콾ս˸µ˽⣬ħ͡Ͽ֮ģڼΪˡ
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Ͼ콾ϣÿ˶еƣΪʵ
콾֮ı˴̽Ҳٮٮߵ￪ԴֶԸĺ֮˲˵̽ɱ˺պ
֮⣬ϵϡϵĺˣǳ֣Ϊﵽ˻磬Ժա
ϵһˣڸϵ콾ʱ򣬲δռ̫ǿϷ磬ֻǶ÷Ұе⡣
ҰаԲ²⣬ֻǳ䲻ȡôԻ͵ս˵ʵҰǸ
ʱƣƳ콾ڵˡ


974 

ϵƺ˵궼ϴһ˸оˬԾİ
Ϊʹ˺Ƴ콾ˣҺںƳ콾֮ǰˣ֪ҰСӵߵһںȻǳ̨ıԵλãӰֶĿںȻǳ̨ɨӣѰŷҰӰ
ΪѾָ˻ڣƾˡ
ԶƮȻӰһüë׵УһϼƮòŮӣһħ˸Ѫ꣬һƻõĺɫӰһ¸߹ڵꡣ
ӰȻǳ̨ϵڶʿеЩϢ˳
ﵽڵĹ˫ҲһĨŨļɵ֮ɫЩη˿Һ૵ۣЩϼһε콾ᵹǷǳء
Ұͬܵһɹɺ޾ѹӰҰˣʿȫǴۼǿߣ
¸߹ڵ껷һȦһ崺ĸоʵĵǳ嫵۾Ƿӡϼ۾ħ۾۾һεĺƳ콾ᣬϣλõı֡ڣв߶ǰĸ̨
жʱ䶯Ѿ²ȫǴۼǿߣ嫵۾֤ʵǸо鼤
Ǵ۰
öϵжûһڣȻһӳ
ɱǰʮǿܹʶ˶ĴۣһҲ
ų嫵۾£ͼȻǳ̨Ϸһɸ̨εضͬΡ롣
ȥɣСģ֣ص˵һ䣬÷Ұ뿪Ҷۡ
Ұ˸Գ̨˹ȥϵ콾Ҳٸ̨
һӣһ˸ϵеһǧʮ콾վ˸̨ϡЩĳ嫵۾ǽлս˴֮䶼ԾţͬһϵĶһˡ
嫵۾һÿ콾оͶһɫƣһǽ뵽֮С󣬹ле콵ÿϡԺľУÿ춼콵ӵڶ쿪ʼڹбԽɫģ֮ԽǿҷǵרŴ洢֮ġÿ֮䣬ÿǶȡ˵֮аգʣµİԶ뵽֮Уʱ̻ʾ˵Ķٺ
Ұ΢콾֮ᣬÿ춼֮콵Ƶùе콾òÿ춼˼Իȡ֮Ȼͻᱻռơ
嫵۾ٴδ￪Ҫעǣ뵽ֻ֮ܵȴʮܹ֮ٳҪģǴжȡ֮ӶҲֱɱˣڹУһֶζԶãۣ
֮󣬳еڶƻЩԾ콾ǲģֹȴۣ
󣬾콾󣬳еЩ콾вٶֱǺƳʧ治֪ƳĴΪλ־
ۣǸֳܹ콾ʵЩɶǸϵѡ콾ƻв콾ھ֮ͻƣӵиĳɾͣ˵Ҳ˵ʲô
ҪǣǶΪԼϵ콾й֮ΪǲˣκƳ콾ȡõΣøĺô
嫵۾΢΢һЦ崺磺֮·ʤֹ̭򣬲ܹѡǿߡʮ֮д洢֮ʮˣɽԴռһɴʮ죬ڶɴ죬Դơ
Ұ΢΢üͷδ˵Դռ䣬⵽ʲôط
Դռ䣡ξȻ˵Դռ䣬޲꣡Զ˾
Դռ䵽ʲôط˲ѯʡ
ԴռĴԴռ䣬κδʿֱӴӵԴռմԴֱܹ֮ǿΪֱӽΪһǿǱһڵļһУʮ֮ҲԿԳΪһõκθãֱأһξҪǧܹٴζãѾ콾δùˣ콾ѵʲôⲻɣ֪Ľޱȵ˵˳
һ˵ڶʿȫͷֱػǾıأʸμӺƳ콾ʿһĦȭƣԾԾԡ
ҵ˷ҰҰȼյս⣬Ҳһ˿ЦݣСӵսڱȼˣڿԿСӵеˡֻǣ˵ǰʮˣǰһѶȶСֻҪܽ뵽ǰһСӵʵ˵ܹԽˡĻǰȥȡǼˣ궼δշСңпշ
嫵۾ĿΧɨһȦٴ˵һ䣺дƲʥͻῪ˵ԴռĽ֮⣬콾ǰʮ콾һ뵽ʥ֮ѰһԵ
ʥҪˣвƻ鼤Ľ˳
Ұ޹գ۾ʥͬ˽⡣
ǣΧڶʿĿУܿʥ˸µ˽⡣
ʥ򣬲ں֮УںһڣоıһЩԴۼĸǿ߶ĪǣǴصƮ۶޷ҵÿʮŻӹһΣң䳬ǧǿ߶޷С
ϸ˵һδε콾ᣬΪʥ׼ģ
ϴεʥ֣Ѿȥʮ꣬ʥҪˣѹֺƳĴöõԴռ䡣
ҰųĿĹâʥ֣۶ģξǽֶα¶ҲҪһ
ʼɡ嫵۾Ĵ۾˵һ䡣
۾з巽ԳźȻǳ̨ϴһӵӡǵӡڶ콾ϷֳһõԽԽʵ
Сʱظ˳ӱڣɽΡ룬Į񵺵׺嫺֮УٲȻһ硣
Ұ˲ףӦþǸ磬Ŀ֮УĸֵƶԺС
һʱת˲嫵۾̨ϿյĹ翪ʼɢ͵Ĺ⻪΢΢һЦƳ콾ᣬڿʼףǺˣ
̨ϵһǧʮ콾ȫһ͵֣ԭʧ
ˢˢˢ
һӰڹĸи˳еĳڰУеĳڵϣеĳУеĳڴУеֱӳɽ֮С
ҰӰڰУʱоһɺƴѹԼϣҰɲӲ˳˵ϡ


975 Ӷ
Ұüë΢ѹһأ˵άڰзУǻΪļɲƵأνʵ
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֮ʱ򣬷ҰоԼľ˳ĽȻﵽ۷壬ʱпͻƵԲ硣
ŷҰգ֮ܵˮһ룬ʣµ֮ȫϵգɫһ㵭ɫʣڷҰͷֳɸߵ֮ɼȴܹӦ
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ϵԶ˳ڰУΪ룬ɳ֮һû뵽˹ͷ֮Уһɱͷֱգùͷ˷ܲѡ
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ħƣһרŹطոǸƾǱˡ
Ұ΢΢˫жȻֳĵâǿƵնǵħ棬һ顣
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δ䣬ͷˢһ³һϽɫ񶦣ӭǳɽСŷҰͷѹȥһѹŤΣӿ
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Ұһѽӹͼ֮г֮뵽Լ֮Уܡǿе֮ĸɾǿҲһѿΪɻҡ
Ұû꣬˼£Ӱڵĵطƽ˹ȥҰɱ֮ˣȻ˵֣ҲûҪɱˡ
꿴Ұ뿪ٻԼϽɫ񶦣Ŀƹ⻪ȻûҾͻܹ˵ƣлᣡ


976 
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άȻʯĺУǵùҿʯĺδɱֻƣδлᣬάǻ˵ġ

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ΪܹƹֻܲսӣǣϿûзŹ˼׷ĺ棬š
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ƹڵϢƲ⣬ȫӴܣ
ô˵ƹںͷҰҲϵƹѣҰɲԹۡ
Ұϣȫʩչߵͨ۵糸ĳƹڵķ˹ȥ


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ħ۾˸Ѫɫ⻪Цǣ˸̫壬ӦþǶϿаɣμ콾ᣬûƣôѪϴ콾Ҳɣ
Ͽоҵĵӣ飬ҿɹܲš֮·УûʵҲáСӾҲǶϿеĶ֣۾ֱ߳ӳħ۾ԡ
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嫵۾ЦܹΪʥ˵콾ȻǵĻԵ˵ˣҸо֮гֵ۱ӵ߶пܡ
ǰ漸죬Ǽ콾˴˽֣ʵĻں档ħ۾Ѫ촽й⻪˸
ǽ̸ʱ򣬷Ұƹ뿪Ͽǧ֮⣬һСɽֹͣ
ӦðȫˡҰЦݡ
ƹڳŷҰһмĵлѾ֮
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ԭһΪԼʵѾһеٮٮߣβμӺƳ콾֮ŷ֣ԭǰǾ֮ܰˡܹһнϿѹ·磬ʸǰʮǿ
ҰÿɷЦЦϿڻӲƴȻҪѣҲô׵飬ʱֻ֣ȱâˡ
ƹһҰô˵˼ӵϿһսʵֻʱְˡ
ƹڵЩڴԼûɱκƳ콾ǰʮǿˣ˵ҰԴȥ


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ֻҪ㹻̤֮磬߱ǰʮǿʵǾʹ˷ֿɣǷһܻ뿪Ҷ𣡡ƹڵⷬ˵֣ޱȡ
Ұ΢΢һ̤뵽ʱֲģ˶ֻܸΪսҪ˶ãʣµ콾˴˽ˣҶںƳһжҪһЩ˴֮ҲиӦϵˣҲһж˶󡣾ٴϿеˣҲη塣
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Ұ΢Цףƹڲûбһ겻񣬷ӼĶ־ְ۲ӵĵģֻҪܹһɾ
ҰЦǱȻƣ㲻˽ˣԲǿҲ˴˽ˣ㹫ƽԾĻᡣܹȡһЩ֮ʵܹӵȨǿִ콾ģҴٵָ֣֮ٵ֮ҲȡΣ
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ңҰƹֵ֣塢֣ĪһͲάսǿ֣ħ֣Զҵ˰֣ܡ
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Ұ˵Уȫë׶ſڵľתת̺֮ϵΪڽһɳӯĸо
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ҵܲսɣҰһʩչߵͨ˲䵽˶ǰ
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սꪴһľԴ֮жһ㽫һԲļһնΪ룬Ѫ̿ա
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ƹڿֱգ۾֪Ұս죬ҲûϵҰս˱뺷ɱԲǿߣ
ӼʶҰһ֮ͨͫײɵȻСӣɱҵˣ
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ĴԲǿߣת˲ֻʣһ
ҰûзŹ˵Ĵ㣬ֳ쵶ɱڵĳһˡ
ס֣ӱŭĴǿΧ˷ҰˣȴҰתۼ÷Ұһնɱ
һţһɫĴܣӭ˷Ұ쵶Ҫ˵һ
ɫĴܣͬǸƷ
ҰжЩȣϵıﻹ治٣һһ˳ֵ͡
ʱ򣬷ҰҲϾ룬ӸոɫܣҰͳ˹ȥһûΪסɫܣһ£һޱ߿ຣǣӡ
Ұѵǰ䣬һͷ­ն˳ȥ
ĴԲ
ǿƹں£Ŀг˾⡣
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ϵĻᵽɤ۶Ұչֳ˱뺷ʵһ˿ȴ۵Сۣ֪ҰʩչʲôͨڶʱڻûԼΪһģһĻ
ףСһͨڶʱڻûԼӵսȷܿɹ󡣡嫵۾ĿбֳŨȤ
ߣͨزɳ־ã𵽵ޡ۾Įķ
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980 
Ұնˣһɹɺƴ֮˹˵֮ɣҰһ룬ϵ֮ʾʮɣҲһӵʮ
⣬ʮɴС֮뵽ҰڣתΪ
ҰоԼڵˮ֮ƬԲҪ˶þͿͻƵ磬ǿǵԼһʱеΪ̫죬֮û˿ĸãҲָȵļ
ԭ򣬷Ұڵ֮ˮ֮Ƭתת˻֮档
Ұոտʼת֮͸оԼڵĻ֮ڿٵĻۣ֮⣬ҰزԼڻһڲϵ֮Դʥ
ʥںϵĲʱ򣬷ҰΪ˱֤ڴ֮Ĵԣûڻ֮гԡ
ͻȻԣʥǸһϲ֮ˮ֮Ľչ죡ټ֮Эֱ绢չ٣
ڷҰڣ֮Ƭˮ֮Ƭˮ֮Ƭ֮ͣƬѾ֮һ
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ӵһװʵ㹻ȫƷǱʯһƷ۷ҪǣЩȫӵı
ҰòԸ̾ϵıܹ֮࣬Ĵ˶ıһȫƷУò˵ҲдԵˡ
ӵĹҰսӸ߰Ӷе쵶ӭ˹ȥ
䣡
쵶Ѫʯײһ𣬷ĺӿ
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ҰͻأʩչɽӶһӾͽѹ·磬óĹս߶ǳȡ
𡭡ɫأоɽӶлһ𣬵ȴ޷²⵽ʲô
ӦҰüжȻһε⣬˲뵽ӵüʶ֮С

ӶʱһĲҽγƬ̵ͣ͡
Ұڼʶӵ֮֮󣬾뵽˶ԸӵֶΡڷҰӵ֮ǿ֮ԾͻһЩϵӵǼֱ֮Ӿͷ깥
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Ȼǳ̨ϣڹעŷҰ֮ս֮в˶ȻվĿȵŹеķҰ
ʮ֮ߣں֮ڶ̺ŷֵ֮ԹڣȻ˷ҰϣúȻǳ̨ϵȻĶ
˵ЩˣۣĿҲЩ֣۾ħ۾Ŀиɱ⸡жԷҰѾɱ
벻СӾȻг治շְԵģСӵ׻Ŷٵƣô˵һǰǸطϣ͸ˡϧĳ¶˳֪ж˻⣬ңңŹеķҰԸп
ҰԼĳѾ˵ɱ֪ҲںɽӶеĳȫ˳ɽӶеӡ
ֶξɽӶеĳİ¿֧ţΧǼ޹⣬ֲ˶õӡ
ҵ˪ȥһ·Ϲ˾ɫҧŷҰġ
Ұɫ䣬Įĵڲģ̫ˣ
ӸոնԷҰƹɱǷҰ򲻹ڿ¶Ѿɱˡ£ҰȻŹ
ϸֳɫĵңԱʲôҲò
ҰҵɽӶ֮У㻹ԱԱˣҲʧøӴ⣬ʡٷ˪µӡĨˡ
ŭӣվ᲻ԱƵƵʩչطɽӶеݣҪɽӶд
ǣܴɽӶķ
һ֮ӷһĲҽڳ֮б˻ҽ
һɺƴ֮ڷҰϣգڣҰظоڻ֮ĴƬǵȫ֮ĳ̶ȣΪ
֮Ժ󣬷Ұڴﵽ˵ʮɱ뵽ǰʮǿ
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Ұֱ鴤˪ǵػʮĻ棬ϵʥҪǿֱӾҪɵ˵óӵ˪ԣٻЩۡ
Ҫ֪ڷҰδȫֳ𣬲ҽְԵĻڣֻʱĴɽӶ֮УֻͻƵ֮շ
仰˵ֱӽ˪ʥںһģȴˣʱ޷ʹˡ
˪ţȴ޼£ܿͱȫɣϢиı䣬欣͸Ϣ˪ȫ̳С
˪𣬸ӰԵΧǼƷܺľڲṹӦʼ߽⣬ܿҪӡ
ҰϽͱ֡񽣡ʯﶼ˳쵶ն⼸ѾľܵնһӴķ쵶ա
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쵶һԽ죬ųһԵĵâƲ񷣬
ô౾쵶ͻΪһƷ
ҰϵЦݻδſͼɽӶȻ⻪˸£ϢȻҲһƷ
Ұ΢΢һ˹ɽӶǵϢߵޣֻƷ۷ǳ˪ŴԣɽӶһͻΪƷ
ҰϸֳõЦݣεջԶ


981 ϵƬ
Ұӵˣǿնɱһս
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ڶ󣬷Ұ֮ﵽʮɣԶԶܹӦǹȻѹ
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֮糱ˮ㽵䣬䵽Ұϵ֮ͬʮɣգ뵽˷ҰڣתΪ
ҰڵĻ֮Ƭ֮Ҫ࣬ٶȿƿֲ
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ȻҰܵؼһɣ֮޷ȴܹӦõؼˮ֮ƺڻȸԾһ㡣
Ұüë΢̤ˮ֮ͻƵ˻磡
ŵڶͻƵ˻磬ʮֻ֮Ҫڹеʿ϶ܹɱ䵽硣
ƹϵ֮˼£ջδܳ磬ЩźҰͬûͻƣƽ˵Ͼ粻ôͻƵģҰô֮δͻƣ޷ͻҲ֮С
ҰƹֶԵУϧڵʱӵֻʣңҪҵӵĶǳѣӶ֮ٶȷ½ңʱҰƹڻδ˾ԶԶ˳ȥʶҰǿɱ˵һĻ֮ûԸǷҰ
ϣҰֻ֮ﵽʮɣ֮Ƭ֮ġ
ȵ֮ʱ򣬷ҰĻ֮ȫͣҪѹƲסس뵽֮СҰ΢΢üٶȻЩˣ鼱֮£Ұٽڵ֮ת֮Ƭһɻɵ
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ȵ֮ȫɢʱ򣬷Ұڵ֮ƬѾ֮ˮƬ˴˽֯÷Ұÿһ缡̺ſֲ
Ұͷ֮оʮɣҲﵽ˵ھǰһ
֮䣬߰ͻƵ˻磬ͻƵ֮ļһﶼıевٵطڱսЩһսϿСħ͵ˣһĶɵˡͻƵ˻磬Ͽкħ͵ͬչ٣ǵĽչٶȻҪ죬ͻƵĻȻǵĶ֡
ʱ򣬷Ұ֮ﵽһɣǵھ֮ƬǴﵽ֮ĳ̶ȡ
죬콵ˣʮ֮Уʮ˱֮Ƭֽͣʣµ֮תɽ֮Ƭת֮ĳ̶ȡ
ʱ򣬷Ұ˾ֵͷһȻͻƵ˻硣
˷Ұչնɱӵ˵Ϣ㾰ͻƵ˻磬ڷҰɲСȻֵܵġ
ԷҰܲԭŽѵҰһڹд˼֮ʶԼԶԶǷҰĶ֣ʱҲϨ˼
˻һ𣬸ĴӶ֮ϧԽԽ٣ѰЯ߶ףӶƵٶȷ½
սҰ֮ﵽһٰʮɣ֮Ƭͣľ֮Ƭת֮һ
ȵ콵ʱ򣬴Ͻһٰʮ֮ڷҰϣʮ֮Уʮֱӱľ֮Ƭֽͣʣµ֮תɷ֮Ƭֱ÷֮Ƭ͡
ʱ򣬷Ұе֮жʮɣ˵ʮľˮִƬͣڳת֮Ƭ
ʱ򣬷ҰϵԴʵУͻƵʱϵ֤
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һգҰӦĪһάսǿյϢ˵Ϣƶϣ
ĪһΣգһȥҰ֪ͨһȫʩչߵͨٳĪһ˵ķ˹ȥ
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ҲҵֳܸһռٳŷҰȥķ׷˹ȥ
ܿ죬ҰԶԶĪһˣȫӴܣǵ󣬺ȻħͺͶϿУħȻˣ
˵ʱ򣬷Ұ͸еһ˿Ź֡һΪѾﵽ˻ھ磬ÿ˶ɱĪһˣȴ׷ɱ÷ҰоЩԾ
ٺ٣ˣЩûҪˡϿЦһ֣˲佫Īһάսǿյ˳뵽еɫ֮С
Īһάսǿգһ˿޷ͱϿ˲նɱ궼˷֮飬֮ࡣ
ҰĿѣ˵Īһ˵Ľ鲻ͬһϵһ·ͬУϿеԼǵĻǣҰѾɱ
ϿУҰɱڡ
⣬ڿĪһʱ򣬺˶ŭиͷ˫ĿĵϿ̫ˣһҲͰˣȻҪ꣡Ʋ
Ĺͷ󺺵ļ򣬳̾ڰ˳ɣǺƳ콾ᣬڹûйԣڶϿеĻˣǾǸɷǡĶϿУԳֶûսʤϵܣڴȥ
ͷ΢侲£ĵĵѵ𣿡
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Ͽкħ׷ɱĪһˣΪҰΪ˷Ұϵĳ𡣶ҰϿжˣҰڻߣ¾߲ˣɫޱȣĿضŹеķҰ
Զͬޱȣ֪ҰƲ٣ԶϿкħ͵֣Ҳûôǿҵˡ
˵ǹͷ󺺺޲ɱ˶ϿУҲֻѹסŭҲףȻǳ̨ĺ󱲵Ӷ˹УҲѡеĹǿʳΪɱҲû˵ȥֻܹ˶ϿĪһˡ
ڣǷ΢΢üͷһ˵ɫţƽĵϿкħ֣ɱ̫ˡȥ⵽Ӧ
۾ߵʵӲ˵춼ûãǷҰϵıϾҪˣ
ħ۾촽Цʵģ͸̭
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ħ۾ȻɱǣҲֻܹáֻǣУֱ𣿺٣ʯĺܹеһɱˣʯĺж첻
嫵۾ĵǹеĸ콾ɱǣǶ֣ܳ֡ͬ
ҲŶϼ۾Ц˵˳
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Ͽеüë΢΢£زҰе쵶ϴʱǿˣѾﵽƷļǿ
ϿбΪ࿹ģ쵶Ȼɱ䣬ϿвҴ⣬ٴμǸɫᦣ쵶ǿƺһ
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ϿЦҰҵͬɱ䵽Ʒ𣬶һ壬ĴɱƷҲ޷κҵˣ죬ڣ
ħɽһ㣬гѪĹ󣬳ϿУʱˣϽңﶼġУ
ħħ͵Ľ˵ɱٻΪǿߵĽԸϿһΧһǵķҰ
ҰüԽڣҪԽսѶȾԽڻδ̤ϿѾǻڵǿˣϿ̫壬ͬǸ콾㷽ҰǾתΪ滹ǴھԵơ
ҰܹӶ㹻֮֮ƬƣĿѹסϿСǣϿȻᣡ
Ұδö⣬ϿоĻӰһıƽ趯֮£ǧҽ֮˼һ㣬ŷҰ֮˹ȥͬʱɨҰͷ­ҪҰС
Ұ쵶ͷ˵һðһϵ񶦣Ż欵ĳһɱϢ޾֮ǿ飬ײһ
䣡
ײ𣬽žһĹ֮ʮϵ걻ճޡ
ʮߣڶӵзΰҰҲֻǿŵϢƵɽӶܹʱѹס𡣼ֻܷӳһҲᦿԵֵġ
Ͽп˺ɫĿȴЩȣĵȻǿҶȤˣ
ħһѵϿУԼǣң㣬ҵģ
֪סķ˵ˣϿвõһٴαƽҰֶβҰѹ·磬Ҵսš
ǽ̸ʱ򣬾Ѿſռ֮˸
Сӣⲻֵܹģħ͹ЦһȻֳһƬħ˵ǹꪡõһħžնɱ˹ȥ
θոո֣ͼħ˸ǰɫ䣬ֳܸһռУٴԭʧȥڰɿֳϲ˾µɫ
ͻƵ֮Ϊħ͵˵ľѾˣû뵽ħͽһͲٴʶԼ콾֮Ĳࡣ
ԶϿؽҰѹ·磬üͷ΢壬˲ԭػӰŷҰڵķ򿿽˹ȥ
̤ǿռϷǳó˵ûϿкħһսֻҪҰΧܹŷҰ뿪кܴյġ
ˣ
ոտҰΧǧɣǰжȻֳһɫĤǿ
ɫĤǧɷԲҰ;У˸Խ룡
ħ͵οٱƽѪЦСӣ˵ˣⲻֵܹģ˴ѱƷħַסûҵͬ⣬κ鶼޷УͲҪ׷ĻˡѾҵģɣ
ħͱȻĵķžɱ˹ȥâն˺ѿһ΢Ŀռѷ졣
ͣܿռٱܿһ
ħħ⸡ͣĳž׷ɱ˹ȥһֱΧŷҰħζ޷Ұ಻̾ʹȥѵľء
ƹڡֵͷҲԶȴֻԶԶۿţҿ
Ƕδ̤ԼĴħͺͶϿǰֻбɱķݶȻģҲҰ;鷳ֻܰ漣
ħ֮УҰϿмս죬ҪϿɽӶжϿж㿪ʼ޷ռϷ硣
Ͽе̫ʿ깥˷ʤǷҰӵг겻ˡ
ӵгҰ޷ӳȫҲֻܱأڽкܴ㡣ڶϿеĲ֮£Ұһͨʩչ˳ͱһ֣ʼ޷ռϷ硣
⻯֮ҲЩŵϧھԵʵǰһжûãϿЦţܹڹⷭٲȻͬһ㡣
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ҰԶھǧ⣬һ̹Լа˰ɸߵӣźԶĸӦ
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˵úãͬˣн˸ܸɴӦ


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ε֮쳣Ӵ֮Ժ󣬷ҰΪڴﵽ˻۷壬ȴ޷ͻƵڡ
Ұҡҡͷϵ֤ħ壬ڻҪͻƣҪʵ̫ˡ
֮ҲǧɣΪﵽ˻ھ磬ħֻ֮ɣΪûʲô̫Եı仯
ӷ𣡡һۻķţһׯϵмԦɫ̨鰲ͣϹű˵顣
ҰĿ΢΢£ϵ⼸ҪԼ֣û뵽һľȻʯĺУ
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ʯĺеΪѾﵽ˻۷壬ֱƻԲ磡
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ҰĿתƵʯĺϣϹŵЦݣƵĵУ˴ĵĵΪ£
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ƾϣҪðɣҰøһ˫ųĵ⣬ֱӻʯĺеǹѹǿл
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ҷȱգʯĺţƳŷҰңң
һӣʯĺеƾͱΪСڷҰͷһƻƣǵصŷҰȥзͨ
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ʯĺеͨҰһֱеĸоһɹɷƺشס궼ھҲţʱʧȥƵӡ
ҰüлѸȹҲ޷κӰ졣ҰտȻֳ쵶ɨǰ
һӰٱķӰٴμ֮ԽԽһ㡣
Ұǧ֮У쵶һӳһӰ
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Ƭ֮󣬷ҰܾγһԾĵĻƽķȫ鿪Ϊ⣬ʧڰС
ӰԽԽ࣬ѸӿȫΪӰΧ£ŷҰӾؼٴλָƽ
Σ֮£ҰԴڶеǧӰ
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Ҳˡʯĺе˵һ䣬û˿Ĳ͡
Ұ˹ȥһǿϢѸڷҰΧͣ
Ƭ֮䣬˵챻Ұߵĺϡһħħͣһ죬ˣԪϵĺ롣
˵Ϊȫﵽ˻ڣ


987 ķ
ʯĺСħ͡롢ĺϡ˶Ƶ콾콾Ὺʼʱ̤뵽˻磬ʱȫΪ˷ҰѹúȻǳ̨ЩԲǿ߶²ѡ
ʣǿߣնɱԲʵ
ϵüͷҰΪ콾һǶѣǣҰʱԵνƽжǵǣȴ֡
˵ڹˣ£ҲѾûʸֵ־콾֮С
Ұֳ쵶նɨΧǿߣսڣû˿ηС
Ұڿ޷ٹ¾սˡЦ˵˳սⰻȻͬûκ
Ұ΢ЦξҪ鷳ֳˡ
ĿƵĺڣĺˣ
ħüë΢壬û뵽ôͬʱҷҰ鷳ת˼£ħͣѣҿסħ͡
лˣҰͷл
ߣƾҲҪסңֱħЦȻûħС
ڴʱһɫ⻪ԶǸȫ˻꣬еǹ˸ڣǻԪӵˡ
Ԫӿ³еĿ΢ɲͬûϵҰĵ˻ôࡣ
ԪӵĿĴɨһȦңң˺룬һû˽ˡ
ħͻԪӸסһ֣콾ֻʣʯĺкϡ
˴ԣĳһ˲䣬ȻһˣŶԷ˹ȥ
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Ұӭսʯĺкϡصͨʩչǵصĳֹȥ˼ҵĴսһ
ʯĺϡľ˶ǻڵΪԲǿߣҲܹսʤ֮ڣһսҰȻ޷ռϷ磬ǶڷҰս˸ʶ
ҰңȻħȡ
Ұʶȥͼħһһ飬ħ׷ɱš
ҰеһɢŸԶеϢǿнʯĺϡˣʩչߵͨһ͵ħԱߡ
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ڴʱħĿжȻһɱֽ̧һɫ˹ȥ˲Ϣ˷Ұϡ
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ѣƱã˺ѿһռѷ죬նǿдһ
ǳİԵһƷҲܹ˲ըҰ˲䣬ͿٱΪɻɢڰС
һĻ˵Ԥ֮⣬˭ҲûϵħͻȻԷҰɱ֣û뵽ᶯǿһڷҰʽϵʱ֣һӾͽҰըޡ
Ȼǳ̨ϣ˶ŭжħɱ⡣
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ǲԶλãй⻪˸ЦҰСӾǸͷͻ֮õĳ뻯ôױɱģ
ը˷Ұħӿֳϲɫžͱ쳣ԼоЩԡ
ڴʱħеһǿҵΣдʶԱ߶˹ȥ
飡
һȭͷصغħĺϣһװ죬ħ˳ȥѪˡ
ħȻȥͼҰɱԼȭͷųâո͵ϮԼ
ҰǱԼըô
ħĴЩ·ҰĿĮħĵħҺʧ
ħĵôܣո㲻𣿡
ȱľǷµˣҰһ˫һһ£෴һתĳѸһӽħ档
ħʱһĲҽĿħͣͣң
ħŭɫĳŷҰɱ˹ҪħͣȴҰһҷ˳ȥ
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ҰϹ⻪͸һɸǿϢ
֮Ȼ󣬵ѹյһݣһӾ÷ҰͻƵ˻ھ磬ȫִԴ֮˵ҰոͻƵھ磬ɢƣȴ˿Ϊߵʯĺ
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Ȼˣ۾鰵ޡ
嫵۾ЦԽԽˣ컹һ죬ڶ콾̲סҪˡ֮£һ۶һս˵ҰѣҪЩ콾һսв
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ħ۾еĹ⻪֣䲻˵Ұϵ֤ڹӴ֮չ٣Ѿѿסˡ
ڶ۾϶¶˼ɫǷӵЦĳɾͱؽҵ֮ϡʥ֮УҲΪǺõĺôˣǽ뵽ʥ֮͸Ǻֱӹҹˡ
ڶ۾̸֮ʱٴЩ仯
Ұɱħ콾ħʹһͷϸֳһɫ꣬˸һ¶ħƣһǿķ֮ѸĳҰ
ͬʱʯĺϡҲӦ˹һʩչзͨһ»ŷҰɱ˹
콾ͬʱŷҰˡ
úãҰЦһһһͨʩչ˿һģһĻ
һͷɽӶһֳ쵶һҰı壬ȴһħ֮ħܷӵ쾡£
ɽӶĻӭʯĺУ쵶ĻϡĻͷҰıһȫħͣ
ҰĴ㣬Ҫħͣ


988 ն콾
ħͱֳһƬħһħ˸ħÿһħ͸һ⣬ħϯҰ
Ұǵһһ£˴˷תγһḥ̂ħĥޡ
ҰıȻ嵽ħ͵ǰǧħȭųâĳħ͵źȥ
ħƴ㻹ʸ񣡡ħŭһħƳȭӭŷҰȭͷ˹ȥ
飡
ȭͷһ𣬱װ죬һɹۿɼϯƱãɳʯ
Ӱһ֣Ұ˿𣬶ħ͵ȭͷŰֱ۶ȻѪ
ħ͵϶Щ𾪣ұħƣգۼͻָħ壬Ȼ鴫
ҰЦһͻһħ͹ɱ˹ȥƵħΡ룬ٴħսһ
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ħͼħ֣ҰĻڣȫɱҰı塣ֻҪܹɱ˷Ұı壬Щơ
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ħܸħɷаΧϵķ˫һ˫֮һĶڣƺͨһһ㣬͸һݼŵĸоȵħֻأ
ҰٸΧһµԼϣҪԼ뵽ǸڵĶ֮С
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ҰֳħȻһӣ޾ħѹȥ֮նըѿһɼĿռѷ죬̺ĿҵİԵϢרſаħʱħܵħըĲѡ
ħͺХɢħչڣܲһħɷаӲ׹ȿܰӰ졣
Ұ״һӣһɫϯƺǳӦγһط֮ǿнħͷԭء
ţҰ˫ֿٽӡһӵӡܿ͸˳ִ̺ԴϢƺƬһ㡣
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ħǰۿɼٶȻָͬʱħֳܸʮͷħӰռһǿнҰĻΪεͨ˺ѿһħг
ħһͷͻһ㣬ǻ߿ŷҰɱ˹
Ұ䣬üжȻһƬλӰɭͨҪħ͵ǿС
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ħոճ֣Ƭضһɼ¶ƺ񷶼ܵħӰһ㡣
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ҰĿȻħڵڤһһƷ۵ר
ħħ۾ųħ⣬ſڵħ֡
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콾֮йȻе۱֣һ㷽ҰгҲ֧Ų˶ˡϼ۾ҡͷп
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Ұףӵħ壬ƷǸӲħǾ³ûеڶܡ
ħϻնˮһ㣬첻ңħħǹϤԼڣһѪڡ
תƿ˴ھ޵е״̬УԷ˺ֻܷͨ˺޷ֱе˺ĻҰһ¾ܹħ͡
ħնգħͶЩ죬뵽ϿбɵһĻ׷Ұĳط
ħһħٴγȥȻɱҰ־޵еط̫棬ȻܶζãֻҪĹ˷ҰĵֵȻڶʱڻҰ
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ҰĻƷһħ͹ɱ˹ȥĺɫ潫նյŤΣħ͸ܵ˼в
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ҰǸֳһ˿Цݣͬħͳ˹ȥĻΧĳǽ֯һӣħ˹ȥ
ۿҰıҪħ֮£ҰжȻâֽ̧ɵ˳ȥڰУһɺƴķ֮һӽеħڰС
󷨣Ϊ˻ķħһ弶ǷҰͻƵ֮ʱӱڤáڤĵ߷ҰѡһƷһļڻѡһƷһ弶󣬷ҰʱδѡƷѡһ弶Աʱ֮衣
Ұ׼ð˻ķħסħͣȻɱ֡ħͶóħ֮󣬾͸⣬Ķȥħ
ħ׹뵽һ㣬ٶȶʱС
ᣬҰĳѾħ͵ϡ
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ֻ˴ħϵħɷаٱĥڳİԵ£ħϱյƬƬ췢һŭ
ͬʱҰıҲˣȫɱɰɫƺ̺޾ܣصĻħ͵ͷ­ϡ
飡
һƵħͽƬ̵ʱ䣬ͱĵԽŽѪ硣
һ콾ʹ䣡
ϲ֣֮ħ۾ʧųħ⣬ƺҪ뵽֮С
嫵۾϶ȻһȻǿнħ۾ϵħѹȻħ飬ɻ˴򣡡
ħ۾ǿѹĵ׵𾪣ٴλָƽֻ˫ͬ˸ɱ⡣


989 ǰʮ
Ұնɱħͣһǧɵ֮ħ͵ϸ𣬿ٳŷҰ˹ȥҰգ뵽˷Ұڡ
Ұ֮ﵽǧɣңָʣڹеĴ󲿷ܹӦõħϵİ֮Ժ󣬷ҰΪҲﵽ˻۷壬ȻδͻƵھ硣
ʧȥħ͵ĿƣħҪѳȥҰǿдԼľӡװڡ
ħϵħɷаͬҰӦԪӵıֱ֪ԳĽкôȻǾ͸Ԫӡ
Ұǿնɱӵе۱ħͣЧԶ˶ֹͣ˹Ŀ⸴ӵҰ
ҰһӣԼļȫĿɨΧס˳ˡ
ʯĺΪߣĺǽޣ㺮ǿҲԼ޷նɱӵе۱ħͣҰȴˣ
ȻϣҲòϣ뷽Ұ֮䣬Щġ
ӷҲաʯĺţҡҡͷ⣬ʧԶ
죬ߵҲ죬ˮ
Ұδ׷ɱʯĺУȥ
˵ʯĺֹʯĺе˲ûʲôԹޣ콾ᣬ֮Լ֮ҲǴģҪ֮ҲҰɱ֮ˣɲ뽫Ƴľ콾һ򾡣ʯĺȥû
ħͷʬʯĺȥĺҲ֪ȥ᷽Ұ֮Ⱥȥ
һҲ൱ڳ˷ҰƳһ콾ݡ
֣ħó˵۱ȻǸɵʵ湻ǿģЦŷҰޱȡ
ոĺĴսδֳʤϸ˵ѾӮˣΪΪĺһС磬ȴĺսƽ֡ΪĺͬаտԻĺ
ҰЦǶͻԪӰǣס콾ȻĻҲ׶༪ˡˣԪӣҴӦħɷа𡣡
˵ţҰһװħɷаıƿԪӡ
ԪӽӹħɷажЩ֮ɫЦû뵽㻹ǵ֮ĳŵڵʵ㲻ħɷаҲ޷κ㡣
ҰҡͷЦȻҴӦ㣬Ȼ̰īֻ棬Ҳмô
뿪ЦĵԭǶħɷаԪӵģҵıأܲҰ״򹤰ɣ
Ұ°ͣӦÿƳƷˣȵ콾֮ҿ԰һЩƷ
棿ʱϲƷ񵤣ǻõҪĵҩ󲿷ֻŪ
Ʒϻ綼ָ֮Ǽδ
ҰһƷ񣬲ƳһЩƷҩǾͿʡȥĿˡ
ǴҰЦû뵽ҰȻôľϲ
档Ұ϶ĵ˵ͷڵʵټϳ𣬱˵ƷˣƷ񵤣һİտƳֻȴ뽫˵̫ǲû
ԪӵĿҲ˸żɫЩɵѯʵ֪ܷƼƷ񵤣ҿԸꡣ
ҰĿͻԪӵɨ΢ЦɣԪӵһŵҩҪһһŵҩȨΰæıˡ
ͻԪӶޱȣǳ⡣ڴʦ˵ҪϲܹȡһŵҩҰּ۸ѾǷǳŻˡ
ȻǲҰʱÿγɵһţǶţɴʮţ
ãô˵ˣҰĺѾ鷳ˣʣһ࣬ҪȡӶһЩ֮ʹ˸ǣŷҰһһ⣬գۼʧߡ
Ҳ뿪ˣԼͿԱסǰʮǿͷˡԪҲͷһ˵һ䣬Ѹ뿪˴˴
Ұħ͵˴սʱɲ̣һʱܿ͹ȥˣڵ콾һ죬һ֮ٴδ
Ұڵص֮ǿǧɵ֮Ұȫԡ֮Уգڡ
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Ӵ֮ҰΪϵͻƵ˻ڵľ磬ҿȶǳʵȹ̡
ʱ򣬷Ұͷ֮ߴǧŰɣһһ㣬ֱ񷣬Ե콾һ
һ֮УҰûȥӶ˵֮ϥԭؾ
Ұѽ뵽˱ڤ֮У硣
Ϊ̫죬Ϊ˱Ϊϵ֣Ұòñڤ򣬶ڴĸһǧ
Ұȫɱˣ֮£û˵ҿǧķΧЩ콾ҲԶԶÿ𱬵һ죬ҰǷǳ徻
ʮʱܿ͹ȥһ޴죬лŵ콾˳Լ˴˺Ȼǳ̨ϡ
Ȼ󲿷콾ͷѾû֮Ȼһǵƶ˶ߣڹеõĺôʵޣһĽʵͷ֮콾ǡ
ϵˣֱֻǷҰƹڡֵͷȫͻƵ˻硣ˣȫ˹Сʮ˽ȥ漸ѾǷǳˣǸп֮ҲЩң϶ơ
Ұͷֱȵڶ֮ǿһֹ˵˹ȥÿ˶̾ѣ޷Ұεõ˶֮ġ
嫵۾ĿɨһȦǱĿɨӵǿߣһֱ޶ϵĸоܿͰ
嫵۾ʵĵڣ˴콾ԲǰʮǿҲ˳ʮ½ŵھħԨϵħŵħ磻ڰϵڵԪӣϵڵϡϵŵĺ룻ϵŵĻԪӣϵŵԪϵڵĺڶϵĦŵʯĺУһϵŵķҰʮˣǱδʮǿӵнԴռʸӵнʥʸ񣡡
嫵۾ʵÿ˵Ķߣû˵һֶһĳȵĸоҰֵʱȻǳ̨϶ȸԾ
嫵۾ɨһȦڣ˶֮Щ֮λ޷÷ֺǣֻҪֻԼϵƣ֮ȻͻԶλźϡڵԴռ俪֮ǰλ֮ȴˡ


990 ѵϢ
Լϵ֮޷ã콾û̫ʧǴ󲿷ҲµܹԼźѣҲĸԸԼйصȫܵô൱½ˡ
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ҰеƣЩڴ
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ҰݺһģƱ飬Ұͷǧɵ֮˲һһ㣬Ұ˻ġ
һɣԼռİս򣬾ֱ򱱶硣СһɣԼɵӣͬԽս򣬳˶硣ʣµֱ֮ɢڸӵŷֲϵʹ½ϡ
ϵУڶӴ֣֮ÿ˶ڴУΪͻͽңǵ˵˽֯һŵĸι̡
̩ϣҰĵĵͻȻһɵֱ֮ԡ֮С
һžϲɫĿңԶ૵ĵʦ
Ϊ龳磬֮֮Ϊһϴܣʦ񽫡
İɵֱ֮ͻƵ磡
Ĵ󾳽磡
翴ǲ飬жЩ֣̿ĸоԼڻѻŴֻ֮ҪȫԲ磡
תƹƹޱȣͻأͻƵ磬ƹҲ֧Բ磬˵ҲֻǸʱˡ
ϿΪʹﵽ񽫴Բ磬õڶ֮ЭͬͻƵ磬ֱӴﵽ۷壬֮ڶѻ
ǽڵ֮Ͽ񼴱ﲻԲ磬ﵽӦûʲô⡣
˶õ˼ʵ
֮ɢʱÿһ֮ǷҰʶһ㣬Ұܹ֮ؿ֮˸
ϿӰȻ޷ǽҰҲһ֮ܰС
֮󣬷Ұоǹɵ֮Ȼ嵽˶һ֮У·ǸϵսǶϽꪣһۼףɱ
ͬվ콾еͷǣеĽ̷ͫеƣһ㡣кü˵Ϊﵽ˻۷壬иԲǿߣÿͷǿһ˹
ҰаԾȣ磬޵ã󲿷ֶʿЩ콾Ҳڲͬ壬ʵϻĴ½ĻҪǿһЩ
˶Ӧɴ֮һĿ¶ɫ֮Խ콾ļ۾ǳ졣
ֱ֮һŮϣŮһ»Į̣á
ŮͶ֮һɾµƣȻδ
ͥգͥһ֮߸ǧħµ֣Ұ͸ͷҰһ磬ΪȷҰҪһЩѾﵽ˻۷塣֮ԼǧɣǸԲǿߵ֮Ҫǿ
֮峺ų費⣬ǲԾĸֳһ˿ȣԡ֮档
Ұ֮ҲŰ˰֮ߣƬ֮϶Ȼ͸һɸǿϢֱ֮ͻƵ˻Բ磡
սϣĿж˾ηǼۼǿĿжЩɻ󡣺޽ЩۼǿߣҲ뿪ԼڵĽ򣬶ɴ֮ϻ콾ģ񾿾ô콾ʶģ
΢΢֣ɵĽԼ飬ǧɵ֮һΪһ򱱣һϣ˲ϢӰ
֮գҰĸӦͬʱɢǲδƵһĻ
Ұ΢΢ЦЦȻͬˣں磬Ҳ˿ˡϣҰܵһɹ°׵ƣǳԵž߱ơҰи²⣬Ӧûм뵽ʲô֮УһֱԼ֮ĥ֪յأŻӵʵ
ҰоǶһۣһս֮
ʱһ嫵֮֮ߴһǧɣֱڷҰϡ
Ұ΢΢һӦ֮ǴӶ֮һϤĸоҰʱף֮
£ʥҰ΢Ц˵˾䣬֪޷Լܹõ
һӣҰ֮Уתת֮£ΪȲţȵһǧ֮ϣΪȵشﵽ˻۷徳硣
Ȼǳ̨ϣڶǿ߶ĿĶŷҰǿ֮ľж㣬ҰȻʶ콾һϵĪ棬ʵһǧܹ֮Ƴǰʮǿˣжڲ²⣬ҰʶĵǺ
磬һǿеĴ½ϣͬ콾鲼һ콾Ȼһ޴ϵ̨ϣȫ塣
Щ콾Ϊȶ绹ҪǿһԲźü֮࣬Ϊ߾Ȼﵽ˵۾ǸƮƮ꣬üĿǣǹ⸡̤ĴӦǳйء
ĳһִĴƬձͣͿִ̤硣ҪԴȵԴ֮ڱ̤ͣ۾
Ĵ۾绹ȶȻǸող̤֮С
ڷҰս뵽ʱ򣬾˵Ĵ֮УʺеǱ磬ռʺУĮʺϷУϻΪƶ񤣬ӡڱ֮УˮƽͱͷҰ콾ǿһ
ڶ콾֮УиŰɫȹľŮüĿ续񻣬࣬͸һɾǧ֮Įɽѩһ㣬ԾľһԲλĸо
Ůѩܷܷ
ѩܷܷΪѾﵽ˻Բ磬ˮϵԴ˸ˮȫչ˳籾ͱϻʺУѩܷܷλּã֮ͽ뵽һ֮Уص࣬רһִǱȷҰΪչҪ죡
ܷܷȡ˱콾ĵһҷţʦףһӭȢ㣡΢Цѩܷܷ˵˳º͵жһɹƻζ˲ԾøС
ѩܷܷü΢˿Ӱ죬ǳܷܷеģءңѾɷˣͲҪûȤˡ
ɷˣǳɫ΢΢£ͳܷܷͱˣڤˮ㣬Ҳδʦ˵㻹иɷҶӦ֪ʥһ콾ݣҵ۾ݣһŵ޸ңί㡣
˵һ飬ɷˣ㲻ҪңѩܷܷĮǸ겻ıһ㡣
ǳȻ˵ɷˣɷ˭ҵҪǿ
ˣ
ڴʱһɺƵ֮֮нǧɣȻ䵽ѩܷܷϡ
ѩܷܷųϲɫ֮棬ظܵһɷǳϤϢǷҰеϢ
ѩܷܷԡ֮棬֮תΪ͸Ϣӿ͸
һĻ̨µ˶סˣǶܹӦӴ֮ϻĳλ콾
֮ӴȻϻλ콾ѩܷܷϵǳѩܷܷôʶϻ콾֮ԲϻǸ콾е֮˵ǿ˺ֵز
ѩܷܷ˲ܲʣ˫֮УڷҰĻһ㣬Ҹ֮ɫ
ȵЩ֮ѩܷܷϣѩܷܷΪƺﵽһٽ㣬̤뵽۾磡
ѩܷܷϹһĨĵ׵Ц⣬Ժĵ֮ҵɷзҰҲȽϣΪ㲻䣡
ѩܷܷУûܹȵϷҰ
һμҰʱѩָܷܷоʵ֤۹ȷġ
ǽ뵽֮УѩܷܷȻΪûܱȵϷҰʲôطҰ˲
ΪɷΨһһɷ


991 ܷܷɵ
ѩܷܷĻ£ǳĿͱĵ㲻ϲûϵ˵ұȲǸҰһҪǺηʥ
ѩܷܷмЦЦδ֮硣
Ұ֮֮ʱȻ緢ȫУжʱֹһɱ⡣
ҰǱǳʲôˣʲôҾѩܷܷҰѾ̡
ѩܷܷʵʸ뵽ʥ֮УҰʥ֮󣬷Ұ˲˾ڽ뵽ʥ֮ǰҪǰһˣ
ʥľ޴̨ϣǳͱ˵ѩܷܷȻҾˣȵ鴦֮󣬾Ҫȥڤˮף
ѩܷܷü΢ĵǳ̫ˣ
ǳЦΪﵽ˻Բ磬ɵʼջһڤˮڵĵ̣Ӧò
ˢ
ȻһӴ֮֮ԼһǧңǴӶ紫
ǣ֮ͬѩܷܷϣ˶̾ѣǳȴЩɲ
֮˵ʵͬĳǰʮǿ֮һ
ոǵ֮ϻ磬֮ȴڶ磬ѩܷܷôʶô콾
ʥļ۱˴һۣһ۵Цŵû뵽СﻹϻͶ콾ϵǳϳص֮ǲ
һ۽ӿڵʹ궼δСʱδܹ꣬콾ʶΨһͣȫǴĳСзġ
и޵СзʿʶǳߣͬһСˣ˶ɱԼǰʮǿҲܺˣ治֪ĸСܵô
ѩܷܷ΢΢£ɫϲϢѩܷܷӴ֮棬ܸžˮϵԴϢϢԽԽǿ
귽Ұǵ֮Ժѩܷܷʹﵽ˴۵ٽ㣬֮ѩܷܷڵˮϵԴٱͣƴ۱ݣǿг뵽˴۾磡
ˣ
һɺ嫵ѹϯعܵһѹ
۾ѹ
˶Ŀ⺧ȻѩܷܷǸܵĵ۾ѹѩܷܷ
ȵѩܷܷ֮ϣΪȹڴ۾ϣȱǳΪҪȹ̣
ǳɫ࣬Ѿվ˺۷壬ѩܷܷɵۣѾѶѩܷܷвˡǳĿйѾ㶯ŵˡ
ھ֤ɵۣ飬Ҳѩܷܷ֮УŵӰǿ
ѩܷܷͬԼƣϵ֮ԽһЩֻǧİҡϷĳɳ򶫷ʣµһɲŷڤˮ֮С
ͷҰвͬҰԼŵʴŷֵõ֮ԸһЩѩܷܷڤˮڵһӣڤˮܹϻõ֮Ծٵöˡ
񣬹¼ҹһûŷű˷Ұѩܷܷ
Ұ緢飬ѾҪǰһˡΪģΪȥնɱǳ
ڴʱѩܷܷ֮ˣٴס˷Ұ
֮еϤϢѩܷܷһ㣬÷ҰһַɵʸС
ҰЦܷܷʥ֮ǰһȥģң
ѩܷܷ޷ȴܹӦ˵ĻҰû˵Ҫȥɱǳ飬ѩܷܷġ
ˣ
һ޵𣬷Ұ֮ǿͻƵ˻Բ磬ϢԨ
ŷҰЩ֮Ȼǳ̨ϵ콾Ҳ֮ķĿⶼڷҰϣĿĽͼʡ
Ϊֹ콾ϣΨʯĺ̤뵽˻Բ磬ҰڣҲﵽ磡
۾ĿŷҰҧгݵĵ벻Ȼôõ֮ȻͻƵ˻Բ磡
Բ磬һС磬ټϷҰõħ͵ħ˵۾ȻаտԻɱҰͬоôˡңϾҪԴռˣҰ˵һʮ죬ұ֤ҰʮٳͻƵ۾
ȵҰͻƵ۾ԳûܹնɱҰ
ħ۾ͬüͷҪǷҰħ壬Ұʵǿ̫죬Ѿһ޷ƿصĸоˡ÷ҰȻԴռ䣬͸ˡ
۾ħ۾˴һۣжһɫԲ÷ҰԴռ䣡


992 Դռ
ˣڿԿԴռˡ嫵۾˳
۾ȻʼѵҷԣҰʿ๴ᣬ֮붼뵽֮У뵽ƳĵԴռ֮У
һĻ˶΢΢Щ㶣Ұ콾ĵһˣû뵽۾ᳯŷҰѣȻ÷Ұ뵽Դռ䣡
Ұüë΢ֳһĿâ۾ΪҪԼҪضԼĴҰѾɱ
ۣʱ򣬶ڷҰ˵Ǹ߲ʵĴڡ񣬷ҰͻƵ˻Բ磬۾ֻʣһ֮ңǶϴۣһս
ҰҪ뵽֮ȥѰѩܷܷڴ֮ǰԴռǱҪģΨڵԴռеõ㹻ĺôܹеĽ뱱硣
Ϊ뱱֮ҪԵģǱǳһˡ
۾Ļ£ħ۾ͽſڵôӽ뵽Դռ֮У
嫵۾΢΢üͷõĵ콾ỹûгֹ콾Դռһ콾ỹʥйأΪҪɶϷ
ǷͣȱЦƻ˴򣬾ͻӦƲ⣬š
ϼ۾ɷߵͽô࣬Ұһʲôħ飬ٴʲô⣬ҲҪȰѵԴռ俪˵һӰ쵽ʥĿ㵣𣿡
٣˵컨׹Ҳ˵ңˣħ۾ЦһħһͻأʧڰУ֪ȥʲôط
ħ۾˵Խ뵽ʥ֮УҲħ󣬸˵ǿԴռˡֻҪܹõҰħ壬ħ۾ϧ콾赲ڵԴռ֮⡣
ħ۾ͻȻ뿪ó嫵۾˶΢΢Щ㶣˭Ҳû뵽ħ۾Ȼ콾ڲˣô뿪ˡ
۾Ҳ΢£û뵽ħ۾ԼҪϣҲԥһͬʧԭء
۾ֻʣˣ⻹οԴռ䣿
嫵۾üͷ˵ܹٻ۵ҲҪʱ䣬Դռֻ콾ĵ쿪Զˮⲻ˽ʣѵ˵θ޷Դռˣ
ϼ۾ͽǷһۣЩֲĸо˭Ҳûϵħ۾۾ӣһǾû취ٿԴռˡ
ҰĵҪҿ԰æ
嫵۾⣬Ŀӳ콾ɨ׵Դռļʮһ֣ҪԴռҲѡң֮ǵΪĴ룬ܵõĺôҲ󣡡
嫵۾ͽԴռķ˷Ұˣܼ򵥣ֻҪĳУҪ۾ǿ֣߳뿪ֻҪҰʮ˴Ϳˡ
嫵۾ϼ۾ͽǷӸһһ߾źͶʮ콾ռʣһλãһֿʼ
ںȻǳ̨ܺλã͸һ嫵ΰȻǳֳ̨һһϵķġ
ŷԽԽ࣬ؼΰԽԽƴ󣬽أںȻǳ̨Ϸһʰ쵵ĿռУʵ
ռ͸һرԴĴźԶܹһѪĸо·һ㡣
ԴռѾ֧Ŵˣǽȥɡסʮɴһ죬һɴʮ죬ԴռԻڵ״жϣʱ䵽˾ͻǿдˣǳ֮ڹ͵ԴռεĺƽٸӦ֮Ҫ׼ףǺˣ嫵۾˳
õǰʮǿ˶ʱ˷ܵĳռУǵԴռ䣬˭Ҳ˷ʱ䡣
Ұ뵽Դռ䣬ٸǽ뵽ıԴһ㣬ҪգرԴԼڻ۶תڵĴԴ
ֵطҰȻڵľתתγһ޴УһɹɵĴԴյڣתԼΪϵԴɿš
Դռе䲻֮£ԻǿӵջֱܹתԼΪܹϴԼڵĴԴ
ҰüеĻҡҷ͸һɻȸԾһɻ֮ͬΧĴԴ֮յٶȱȷҰҪ죡
ʮ֮һǻı壬ҰľתǻĲգٶȻ졣
ԣ´پѵʱ򣬾ͿɱˡҰоԴռ䣬ǻһᣡ
ڷҰͻ֮£ԴռеĴԴ֮ȫƺǷڵĿˮһ㣬ҷš
ʯĺе˶Щ죬֪Ұĺ칦ǶõʲôطȻ˹Ч
ʱҲû᷽Ұˣһʩչȫʵ̰ΧĴԴ֮
һ뿪Դռ䣬뿪֮ʱΪȹڻڡ
ڶħ뿪Դռ䣬뿪֮ʱΪͬڻڣȴͻƵ۷ס
ʱһĹȥԴռеʿԽԽ٣ڵԴռͣʱԽãõĺôԽ
ԪͻƵ۷뿪ϡ롢Ԫ뿪֮ʱȫͻƵ˻Բ磬۾ֻһ֮ңȴʼδͻơ
֮ͻƵ۾磬۾ѹˣӵԴռȥ
һգĺʯĺͬͻƵ˴۾磬ڶ͸ƴĵ۾ѹõԴռеȹΪ
ڰ֮ĺ뿪Ϊȹڴ۳ڡ
ھչʯĺ뿪Ϊﵽ۳۷塣
ʯĺ뿪֮ǰŹֵ˷ҰһۣЩҰյ˼Ҫ࣬ǷҰɿڻԲ棬ʼδͻƵ۾֮С
ʯĺеиɻѵϵ֤ͻƵ۾磬ҪӴĴԴ֮
ȵʯĺȥҰų˿ֱӽԼĵڶ˳յԴռеĴԴ֮
ҰյĴԴ֮˼Ҫ࣬ȫͻƣϵ֤ҲͻƵ۾ˣûô
ҰյĴԴ֮һڴԼħ壬ѾƷ۷Ϊı쵶ͬﵽƷ۷
ңҰҪĻڶΪڶķҪɽ٣ûƿֻҪ㹻ͿԿٽס
˾죬ҰĵڶѾ˻Բ硣
ҰٳٲͻƣΪ˱ͷһͻƣ
ĵ˿ɲ٣ÿһͷ޴Ψ˫˫ͻƣҰܹδĴս֮ռݾԵ


993 ۾
ҰͻҪ̫һɹӴĴԴ֮ϵӿڣҰϵΪͻ׼
ҰھǴÿһѨж̺޾ĴԴ֮ÿѨжһõħħʵ
ĴԴ֮󲿷ֶڵħӰգЩħ൱ڷҰһԴ⣬ΪҰṩԴ
Ұһָоһ죬ڵǧħ᳹ɱÿһħԼһһ죬Ұһǧ޵£
ǲħ֮
ˣ
Ұıͷͬʱһ޾ĴԴ֮ӿȫУΧشԼ׳Ƴһ־µĸо
ҿǰĻۣܹڹؼʱ̺ͷ˫˫ͻƣȫ̤뵽˴۾磡
ʱķҰȴ˲üĿȫԴռеĻ
ڵԴռҡҷ嫵ĻƬӨҶӹ⻪ֳӶӰ꣬컯Ӱ֡
һرԴİأ羨̺ΧĴԴ֮ƺ޾ңԶǿеǧ֮ڻ۶
޾ĴԴ֮С޾Ļ·֮Դ
ϴ󣡡д˷ܵ
Ұϲ֮ɫĵ飿ˣϴ˵پѵʱͿȫɱˣھͿ𣿡
ҡҷѸû뷽ҰüУٴδϴھͿԻγˣһ֮ӵͬΪ磬ֻʱҵѾȫָ뻯ʱԡ
Ż壬˿˿ƵĻϢӼҰزԼΪͬڷǿš
뵽۾֮󣬵ѾԲҪĴľˮ硢סʱ䡢ռ䡢ˡȴǴӻܻκһִԻЩ򣬿Դӻмȡ
ȻӻмȡĶ٣Լ̤Ĵйء̤ĴԽܹ࣬ӻмȡԽࡣڣԶͨеתɿԱֱյĻ֮ٶ֮죬Զ
ҰжЩжЦڱͷϵԲ㲻ûջ֮ٶҲֻ֤һִĴۿʮ㲻Ϊҵжڻ״̬˴Դ֮Ӵ޾Ǿ컯ΰɡ
ûмŻش𣬶ǽŴ챮ܻ˳ֳŹ֮ƷΧ˴˽֯ٴγħ󣬽ȫ
һƳ֮䣬Ұħռ֮е
ʱħռ֮еȫ˸ɫ⻪ɱƷҴ󲿷ֶʹ⻪תɱƷڷҰյõڤ۴еʱѾҪɱƷˣôɱ䣬ټӴ޾ĴԴϢֱӾȫɱƷһɱƷӡ
ԶסԼϢ֮󣬻ɵŴ˳ϴһεʱй¶Ϣ˻⣬ǧħ϶ܸӦң֮ҽû취뵽ʥ֮Уǵʥ֮ٻθһЩ
ǧħҰĿбɱâ
ǧħ췭ظҰͶǧħɱġ
˵ǧħѳԽ˵۾ﵽʥ硣ʥҪ֮ѨۡǧħҪҵıѨеۡΪԺĺϵ׼ڵʵҪԸǧħ˵
۾Ҫջ֮ܵĻ̤֮ͣʥ硣
ʥ磬оͻۡΪǿۡԽԽ࣬ÿһۡԽԽǿֻҪʮѨȫۡȫԲͿԳĺϵϵҪۡϣҪꡢ͵϶Ϊһ֤ΨһҡǺϵɹ̤׾磬ѹǧ磬಻
ȻۡԽ࣬ҪʱԽãϵѶȾԽ󣬵ϵ֮ʵ͸ǿ̶ȣԻ̶ȣҲԺϵкܴӰ졣
Ұħ壬ħɱʱѨѾʼħӰ֣Ҳûеڶ
ʥǿߣҲҪһѨһѨϵۡҰʮǧٸѨͬʱħӰ֣ʮѨ֮⣬ʣµѨҲħӰ֣
ܹ̤뵽ʥ磬Ժɨʥ
ΨһźǣҰħ̫ˣȺħͬʱҪӴĳ󣬷ҰɱħôãѨеħ΢ʵһЩ뽫ʮǧٸħԲ֪ʱ
ң㷽ҰʮǧٸħԲ֮ҪĺϵҲһɵ顣
Щ뷽Ұ̫ңԶҰڲŸոͻƵ۾磬ʱҲôˡҪ֪ݷҰ֪ϻ綼ûһʥǿߣ綼һʥڡףֻڴ˵֮С
ӻе֪ǧħʥǿߣҰԼڻ޷κǧħֻܵԺ취ˡ
˼䣬ԴռбһǿĿռ֮ǿнҰѹ˳ȥ
ҰٴγںȻǳ̨Ͽգڶʹ۶ڵŷҰĵҰ֣һǳӷҰϣǶִܵеѹ
ϲ̤۾嫵۾ϼ۾ǷӡʯĺСĺŷҰء
Ұ̤۾Ѿͬһ磬嫵۾Ҳ뷽Ұƽ۽ˡ
ͬϲͬϲҰЦ˵˳
ѵҰĸǸոǿɹ˴۽٣ӦҲ쵽ˣϽȥ׼ɡ
Ұ˹֣˺գ뵽ǿ
ҰжЩţζɽ٣ɲһ۽٣Ļٵڻûжɣ٣Ӧ˫ٲ£ܱȵѰʿʥˣǷҰҲûоԵİܹɹ
ȵҰȥ嫵۾΢΢üͷɻεĵԴռôĵأɺˣ´ʹãҪȵǧ֮ˡ
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׽˲Ϣ׵壬һܱ룬ΧϢ֣Ӵش
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¶Ȼ֮ɫŵĵˣҰڹͻƵģҲ˵Ļδɣոɵģǻ٣ڣĴ۽٣Ҿ˵ҰĴ۽ٲô򵥣ԭǽǻ٣پĴ۽ˣ˵Ĵ۽ٿʥ٣ܶɹ𣿡
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996 ʥ
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997 Ԩ
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ʱ󣬷ҰԶԶһ޵Ľ⣬Žٸʬڵأ弶ҩ֡
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ϴҾôǿ߷ʬûҿ뿪ȥǻľԪ뿪Ԩ濿ûκҪ뿪죡ɫص˵˳
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ڴʱҰȻӦһǿҵΣУȫĺëĵؿһɫ˲Ϣ
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ڷҰǰһɢŽɫ⻪ľ޴½أЩʬ嶼ڰȴΪưܴ½ṩԴȪάŴ½衣
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ΧԽԽϡҰ֪Ҫ˶ãͻеһ棬ҲǵǸǳԨˡ
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1001 ϻ±
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𾪵ŷҰɻĵѾԨгˣԨһַӡʱ֮Բǿ߶޷˺գģ
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ϿΪԶԶԶõ۱Ҫ۱ܣҲҪĴۡҰϿ񣬲򲻵ѵʱ򣬲ɶõ۱಻ɱ¶ȥ
һУҰٴηص˴С
λܹͣĳҡϧĳЩ˽ҪŸλˣλҰΧ˹֣ΪȻǳеһˣȴû̫ļӡ
Цѣ;ȥǣɲ
ԪЦǺǵĵѷģǲġ
һȥ಻֪ʱܷأ飬Ҫ鷳λĳڴлˡҰ֣˵һ䣬ٶԣͽ˺գ롣
һӣҰͳ̩⡣
ԶԶǰ̩ǣҰа겻ѡ
̤㡣ŵϳڡĵλͽܡ̫ļ䡣
Ͽ񣬷ҰҲûн⴦طֻ˵ŵϳһ֮ȴδ˵ںη
Ұһ֣͸Ӧ˷ҰϢϲĴӱչ֮س˳һһϵߣŷҰĵʦˣ
˵ţҪ°ݡ
ҰֽЦʦӦø˲ǣʲôǲ۸ˣ
ᣬΪЦʦͺã̩ϣ˭۸ң
ʱ򣬷ҰѾΪﵽھ硣ֽչٶȼֱǷ˼Ұ֪ǵԼ֮ҲûгԾ
ҰͷпҲˣ֪Ǽʦ֣ڶˣ
缫ңԶһƬ֮У֣ڿһɫȻûɵĴ˸磬Զֹǿʦ֪ңôԶܹҸӦʦѾ֤ˣ֪ʲôʱټ档
ڵĹŵУƮݵСһеƱ鲼һſŵǳ˸ƻãĳִ
ڴʱС첻ܿƵĴ˸磬Ȼֹ
ʦϢСӣ˫ֿţƺ
Ƭ֮С¶һ˿Цݣԭʦں磬ʥٸ綼ᱻҲ콾룬ʦ϶ܽУܸʦˡ
ңԶƴУĮһȭһĴɱͬ˸硣
ǳȵϸֳһ˿Цݣͷɨһ޾׷ЦǸ𣿴ʦͽؾۣ߱вֹһʥʦͽҲƷ
֮УҰͽܸոնӦԼϢȻĿ硣
ʦһܹʦ𣿡ŲѯʷҰ࣬ݺȡ
ֻҪŬһܣҰ˿϶Ĵ𸴡
ٴʵʦ֮󣬻뿪𣿡
ҰĿң̾Ϣʦڱ磬Щ鷳Ҳ̫ͣãҪȥһˡ
ʦĿǲɫǵһҰᵽиʦһڱ磡
ʦܻΣգҲ֪أϽ˵ʦǸϽȥʦɣʦΣա
˵÷Ұ̩ϣҲԣԥҪ÷Ұȥѩܷܷ
ģΪʦܸˡΪʦã㻤ɡҰ΢Ц˳ֽһŲ㱦ݸ硣
Ų㱦Ǳһ۱ǷҰԨǼã˷ӡͽܣΪһУƷ֮
Ҳļֵ֪ʦ϶Ķ֮յüʶ֮С
ҰΪѾܸˣҲǸóȥһˡԶҪΪԼΪܿ죬ʦֶͬһ㣬ʸǧ磬ٲŬҪ˦Զˡ
ббˣҰû˺֮ǡ쳵վȡҰȥһΪͿԶ뿪̩ˡ
ǣһŬģ֣ص˵˳
Ϊʦһȥ֪ʱܻûΪʦԣСģأҰٴζһ˳˺գ롣
ٳֵʱ򣬷Ұ͵Ľ걮ڣ뵽Ľ걮ڵ֮С
ҰĽ۵ʬȡͼĽ۵ʬϿʼɢӫӫһŵӰи˳ŷҰ΢ЦͷлΪɢĽ걮С
Ƭ̣Ľ۵ʬǾѾȫ⻯ĽжƺЩʲô̩ϸǵϱ鲼Ϊһǳʺе
ⶼĽ۵ĹͣҰĽ۵ʬǴأĽĴмѡ˹⻯һɹĽ걮̩ϣùʿ档
ȵĽ۹⻯Ұ̾Ϣһ뿪Ľ磬źƳ½ĺȻǳ̨˹ȥ
ϻѾˣڣñˣ


1002 
ƳĺȻǳ̨ϣҰٴʱʮλԲǿߵȺˡ
۾Ҫʹÿʹҵصڴ˵Ⱥϣ԰ﵽ۾ԶԶиŵӺ˳ִ
ҲŷҰʩ񣬿ж۾ĵš
Ұ΢΢£û뵽һ۾ĳƺšžԼģ۾ͷʵ
ЩΪλȺ򣬷ҰҲףǶΪԼͷ
ҰΧ˹֣ЦлλˣĳΪҪÿʹ󡣿ֻҪʮλԲĵѾͿˡ
˵Ұƣгʮ⻪·ʮ˵üС
ҰѾϸӦˣʮˣڳ֮Ϊȹ̵ġ
ʮ˶΢΢£̽Լڣδκ쳣һĿɻҰ
Ұ΢Ц鷳ʮλѳ£ĳѾԼͻƴʱĸʮλѵУȷĳȥԿɸᣬܹ٣ͿλĻԵˡ
ҰĻ£Ұѡеʮȫ¶ϲɫҰͻƵʱĸ򣬶ڴڻԲ˵νҪĶ
ܰﵽ۾ҵȵңʮԲǿ߷׷׳ԣÿ˶ѡ
Ļʮ˵ĿжĽвٻĿ˲εļʡ
Ұ˫һӵӡӡΧĿ⻷һȦЦλΪ˷ĳδܰæĳҲˡҽԼƽһЩӡ˷Բǧ֮ڣĵѣԿڴ˸뿪˴֮󣬱ɸָάһ죬ܵõ٣Ϳλ컯ˡ
ڶȫϲ⣬˵ָ϶緽ҰֱӴ뵽еĸָ̣ǷҰոӡµģֻάһʱ䣬˵ͬԹá
Ҫ֪Ұϵ֤ڴ˵ܸ˵ܹͻƵ۾磡
һУҰٶԣʮʾ£һʮһָλãԿʼ׼
ҰĴѹķȻ޷ӦҰľΪҲܸоҰɲ⡣ҰҪʹû˸ҿ֮ڣþŵ˷Ұ
𿴷ҰЦģҪŭԲʲô³һʱĶϿкħ;Ǻܺõӣ˵۾ħ۾Ҳ˷ҰУ˸ǵҰ
ҰԣܾǰǸʦĵڶһֱڤʱи󷨣ļҲѾͨӽ弶ʦĵز˵ԶԶ޷óֿ󣬵Ҫʹã㹻ˡ
Ұмվ˳ֽһƷ뵽ΧУƬʱ䣬ʹʮƷ
ЩĴֳܸһصĴ͸һɿֲĿռ䲨˺յĿռ䲨Ҫö࣬ƺ޾һ㡣
ʮƷΪֿʹṩ
ʹĲϼ󣬶ܹƵ۱ģʣµʮԲʿҪģŴʹṩԱ֤˳С
λʼɡҰʮλԲǿߵһʮǿһ֣ſʹע
ǵע룬ʮƷٶҲӿʹ͸Ĺâˣӿһɺ嫵Ŀռ䲨Ȼǳ̨һζ
ˣ
ڣڹâҫ۵˶ʱдһ޴ҫ۵Ĺ⻪˲ϢҰӰѾǵҫĹâʧ
ҰǴʱ֮Уʱһ㣬ʱʱпռ˺֮ʱžû˿
֪˶ãҰǰ˹⻪һӲӵĳڳǰ嫶֮ңңʱжܹӦһŨ
ˢ
ҰǰһһһµС
µĴ¾ͻָƽһ¾Ũڣ̺ĳִͷ
Ұɫ΢Ǳ磡
˴Ũ쳣ѹֵѩܷܷڵǸ콾ϾĴ۵ֵطɱϻʺУ
ҰĴһһԭʼľ죬ٲƣδʿĺۼʹͬķãû֪ﻹиʹˡ
һʡȴ˷Ұһֽţʡñˡ
ҰԺܸӦһ˫ңѩܷܷڣ
ҰѾﵽ˴ۺھ磬صĸޱȣƾԼѩܷܷϤУܿȷѩܷܷķλ
ϻϻаʮһˣ򽫻ࡣҰ֮򷴲ѩܷܷڵʱ򣬷ҰѾ֪ѩܷܷʥУҪ뾡ϵѩܷܷڵ򣬻ҪԶ봫ʹС
Ұʶɢܿͷһͷڵĺڻһ͵ͷڻǰ
ڻȻվ𣬻ëܵҰľΪ֮¶֮ɫĵͷ­˵ˣСԶӭ֪СΪ£
Ұ֮δ֣ͷڻж˿оҰɱ֮ˣ˵Ҫѯˡ
Ұ͵ĵ˵ͷ뵣ģЩҪѯ㣬ش⣬Ҳ㼸Żⵤ
ⵤһƷ񵤣ԼӿٶȣԻʿ˵ӵջ
ҰԣڻٻΪһ۴󺺣в˼ɫŷҰһ񣬳ʣСض֪޲޲
ʲô򣿡Ұֱѯ˳
ڻ΢΢£û뵽Ұʲô򶼲Ҳûгɣٵ˳شˣ򡣡
⵹ڷҰ֮УԼʵҪȥʥпɴ͵ʥĴʹ󣿡
ڻ֪ǰ˱ԼĻҪǿӹ˵˳ʥڱ߸򡣸ϵеĴʹ󶼲ֳ֧ԶĴͣǰһһĸϹȥʡ´ʴ͵ķáǰż·ҲȸĵĴ½ֱӴ͵ʥ󡣡
ںηҰٴ׷ʡ
ڶǧ˰⣬С֪ڶʮ⣬һʹ󣬾ͨģֻǼҪʮһƷڻܸɴ˵˳
Ұ˳˺գץźڻУһӣͳڶʮ⡣
ڻ𾪣еɫӹˣңָԶһɽʹ
Ұͺڻһ𣬺ܿ͵ǴڣҰ󱣳ֵķǳֻҪͿԼ
ãлˣʮŻⵤӦ֧ͻƵԲˡܷ֤ɵۣͿԼ컯ˡҰ˳׸ڻһƿ̤뵽֮У˳ִʮһƷһ⻪˸Уʧԭء
ڻæƿǣĵҩ֮󣬶ʱϲɫȻʮŻⵤЩҩ̵ܹʱͻƵԲ磡۾磡
ڻٸƿɨһȦԼϳȥ׼չȥˡ


1003 Ұ
ڤˮڣλʥڤϵһڤϵڤˮڣλڤ֮ϣˮϵĵһڡ
ڤˮ۷ʱڣӵʮλһţʥ򡣶ڣ紫ڤˮڵĴѾˣڴ۾ǿ߳չأڤˮڴ۵Ҳû˸ҽڤˮڴ߳
˶ڤˮʥѾǰˡ
ڤˮӵɽڤˮ壬ɽڤˮҲڤˮڵ֮ء
ڤˮڤˮҪɽ壬û֮һڤˮĺĵӣƽҲѽ뵽ڤˮȻڽ죬ڤˮȴַǷŵƽʣһʥͷﶼˣ϶Цݡ
ϲιɵѩܷܷ뱱ǳ飬ʵʥһϲ°
಻֣ԱһݣǶѩܷܷͱǳף
ҿѩܷܷͱǳͷǳʺϣ˫кôϲ˰

һϲڤˮնǳҡ
ڤˮɽ续ѩܷܷɽ£ңɽµڤˮ΢΢üεİѩܷܷѾǸ۾ǿߣ˵ѹս£ֻĴϢˣ˿й
ܷܷǺοأǱǳʥһ콾ŵָˣһأʲô䲻ģиŮӿĵһȰο
ѩܷܷ΢΢ճһ˿Цݣ䵭ĵ˵Ѿɷˣ˵ֻʥĵһ콾ˣǺĵһ콾ҲûκιϵʦΪֺţ÷ڤˮңסҵһеҶĺʧ
Ů̾Ϣһܷܷ˵ڳ˴ˣҲҪףڤˮںŲͬŵĴʮ֮࣬ڤˮھʣˣл㡣ǲӦŵףźܿҪѣ޳ţӶǵԴѹڤˮھΣˡ
˵ŮĿֱѩܷܷܷܷ¿ʼҪԴҿɴûһüͷ񣬸رŵʱˡ
ѩܷܷĿ΢Щȴ᣺ǷڤˮڵģԻỹַʽɷ֪ʥҵġ
ŮһһУһۣѩܷܷܷܷͶĲˣѾٻˣһȥλͰɡ
ҲȥѩܷܷĮ˪
Ůüͷ΢壬õĵܷܷڵΪȫڤˮסѵ׼Ҵȥ𣿡
ѩܷܷ̾ϢһŮ档
ڤˮ⣬һƵĳ֣Ũü絶ȴһظ׵ѹ͸ǷҰΪ˸·ҰδԼѹʹôʱõŴû˸һ·ڤˮ⡣
ҰڤˮڶŵƽʣһϲգϲɵЩɻѵڤˮڽ˴飿
ڤˮлɽڣҰΪѰ˶ûͷųʶɨǵڤˮڲ졣Ұ޵ĸӦڤˮжʮϢЩ϶ȫڤˮڵˣǾӦصˣųɲС
ڤˮµޱȵŷҰиЦѯʵλ۾ˣðһ䣬֪ʲôǺͨ
˵Ұûóڤˮڵ뺯ҲҪҰʾ뺯۾ǿߣǱչµû뺯ҲܹġֻСѯʷҰĵţŭ˷Ұ
ҰϹ崺Цݣº͵ĵҵĵΪԳƺΪ۾ڤˮڷʲô飿ѵ˴飿
Ǹʱˣʶľѯ˳ڤˮһλϵĶ֮գѵμӶʽģ
ԭ˶飬ҵΪ˴¶ΪѰҵӶҰЦŻӦһ䣬ѯ˳ʲôˣȻˣĳЩ񡣡
Ǹ˿λĴǡĵѰӣ治֪ĸʿָ
֪ŵıǳƸҪӭȢڤˮڵѩܷܷˣվǶ֮աǸɹϵЦݵࡣ
ʲôǳҪܷܷ飿ҰɫȻˣɱâ£һǿʶɢ
ǸδҰɫоҰĳƺЩԾȴûҶ룬Цĵǰǳʥһĵһ콾ѩܷܷʥٶˣɲŮòˣ֪۾˵׼ʲô
ǳͷҰŭһ͸ɱòƶ䶼Ȼɢδ䣬Ѿʧԭء
Ұʶɢ޿ײĴӻɽ͸ȥؿѩܷܷݲҵڤˮСϷŸ淽ĺ꣬иµŮѩܷܷԱߡ
һ࣬ǳٷ磬ǹ㣬еĿݷǷǳΪڴ۳۷徳磬콾֮ҲвСĻԵǳ󣬻վ۵ӣһǴۺڵĿߣһǴڵĿꡣ
ڴһ࣬һŷװʿǴ۾ǿߣ󲿷ֶʥĴмǴϹĴۡ
ʱɫȹŮѩܷܷȳʲôѩܷܷȫӣ㷨͸һĻҰʱŭˣԥľͳڤˮ֮С
ǳͷǸ߽ظһ䣬žͷӦ˹ɫ
Ĵ۲صģֵģ
ΧҲɫ۾ǿ֣ȫǵĿƣոսӴҰǸҵæڤˮڳ˽ȥҪʿȥˡ
ڤˮĻʹ֮УǳɫŵǸߵƸˣڤˮʲô˼
ΧıͶ¶ζɫǱμӶʽģû뵽ڤˮڵѩܷܷͲͬ⣬кϷˡǶ֪ڤˮһǳеĵλѩܷܷܾ˱ǳ飬ԺĴ͸Ӽˡ
λǸڤˮڵӡ
ӡЦ۾Īֻܷܷһʱ̫ӦȻŵƸⳡȻ
ǸŮҲڵ۾ˣܷܷεĵӣĻһܹ
ѩܷܷĵɷˣٸκ˶飡
ε۾ɫһܷܷ̫ˣӦҲôӦӦҲôӦ
ε۾Ļ䣬һԵ𣺡ܷܷҵӣûܱκξܷܷܵίҪһһΪֻ


1004 ǿƳ
ǵԾ£һɫڻʹ֮УͦǹŨü絶ڵѪ֮غ¯һ㣬ѹó۶
磡ѩܷܷϲվײײĳŷҰ˹ȥ
ε۾üִ̧һɫˮƣѩܷܷ˹ȥ
Ұŭһųâնǵɫˮ棬ǵɫˮƽһѽѩܷܷӵ뻳С
ε۾¶ݣһʱ֮䲻ٳˡӸոշҰֵҰǸۺڵǿߣ
ڶȻҲܸӦҰΪҰڣʱûԸվ˵µһԿ֡
ӡɫǸܵҰϴΪҲδҶԷҰٴκȳ⣬һŭ˷Ұۺڵŭɲġ
ʱӡѾµ˷ҰݣжЩڡ֪ѩܷܷɷǸۺڵǿߣǲŴӦŵˡ
ŵıǳ۵ɫγˮֻڷҰΪǵĴУʱδѡ
ѩܷܷͷڷҰż䣬ʣϲĵ磬㣡ڵȵˣ
Ұѩܷܷе㣬ŵڷѩܷܷȥᣬοɵѾͷ˵ģʹĺǣҲסҵĽŲˣ޻Ͳÿˡ
ţӦø˲ŶԡѩܷܷæϵˮȥŷҰ¶һĨĵЦݡ
ҰѩܷܷŨüɱ⼤ѯʵΪӡˣ
ѩܷܷһᣬ峺Ứ֣ͷڤˮƵķڤˮ
ҰֵѩܷܷüģϢ͸ָѩܷܷʶУ˲佫ڤˮϢȫĨȥѩܷܷΪ˲Ϣָ۳۷ѹ
Ұ˲Ƴ˷ڤˮڶǿ߶¶ݣ֪ڤˮĿ£ַڤˮסΪڤˮڵĽҩҪָΪҪһµʱ䡣
Ұ˲ˣ
ҰŨüɨΧȻ˭ܷܷµĽƣ
Ҹɵģǿڤˮصأʲô춼Ҫڤˮһε۾Į˵˳
Ұͱˣڽŭ˳㷽ҰǸۺڵǿߣϾǹһˣڤˮڵصأ۾ڴˣ·ҰҲ̫
㻹ҸҪҾ͸ҰЦһˢһʧԭأһӾͳε۾ǰ쵶âնһе޵Ȼն䡣
ɣѩܷܷ
Ұе쵶ε۾ĶͷǰӲֹסˣĵâε۾üһѪۣɼǡ
ε۾ʱһ亹ƶҰҳ֣û뵽Ұˣһڸոһ֮£ܵͷδ
ѩܷܷüʱε۾һ֮£
Ұɻѩܷܷѩܷܷĵصʦ˵ηҵΪһнĳɾͣ벻࣬Źɡ
ҰͷյĮɨε۾һۣĵȻܷܷ飬ǾһӽԺܷܷ飬޹ϸ𣡷򣬱ҵ飡
ε۾ŭԡ
ӡĿֱӷҰѣڤˮڣ㲻ǱһŰɡ
ǷҰܷܷɷˣҰ䲻ȵĻӦһ䡣
ѩܷܷڤˮڵˣڤˮھȻΪֺŶѩܷܷͳȥҰûκκøУ˵ǿѩܷܷڤˮڻи飬Ұֱӳˡ
ӡüë΢΢£εĵԭܷܷɷô˵м϶Щᡣ
ӡֻǸڵǿߣҰȻǸۺڵǿߣһ֮δر˵Ұϻ磬ʱӡҲ̫﷽Ұ
ŵıǳɫ࣬ڤˮŵƸǵĽУŻȲϻļһ
ǳҰϻģ㱳Ҳ޷࿹ӡ֪Ѷˡ
ӡεĵⶼᣬȻѩѾףȻٸ˶顣ŵƸĳϤͻءңλһЩλ֡
ǳһ˦ЦҸʲڤˮڣʹ˸ǣ
ʱ򣬱ǳ֪ǷҰĶ֣ҲԸͣѡȥŵĴͬʱվҪʹȥ
ӡ̾˿˵εţҲû취顣ѩܷܷɷǿƹһǸۺڵǿߣΣǲٽѩܷܷǳˡ
˶Ϊ֮¾ʹĻ֮ʱȻҰзһɱڵܷܷߣ
Ұδ䣬һգԾ쵶Уһ˲ڱǳǰâ˸¡
ǳûϵԼŵ֮󣬷Ұҳ֣ͷҰΪ̫ͬոյε۾һ㣬ͬδӦ
ԱߵǸ۾һֱڹעŷҰҰ֣üеһʱһӣǳڡ

ƽӷһһɫ⻪ˮܵ
ӡٴӡ͸һµĴȥ
۾ſһѪĿ͸һɾɫͷҰͬڴۺھ磬û뵽Ұһ֮¾อ
۾ΪҰͲҳ֣ϾﲻϻģҰһ鳹׳ȥ֣һնɱ˱ǳ
ǳʥĵһ콾ڷҰУ߲һУ
ǳ˿ҺŵɫڸոգһڹŹǰתĸоûԼ֮
ʱ򣬱ǳͲôڤˮѩܷܷ޸Լˣʹùģȥˡ
ĴҲȻһ˴ۺڵĻ۾ҰΪĻҪߣ˵۷һˡ
ңҰ˼ŵͷԱǳҲǰεɱɱ¾Ը񣬸ǵ
Ǹһкķӣ
жƵְۣŵʿʱȫ˼˭Ҳǵһ֡
ӡӲͷƤվλл˵˺
ڤˮڱѾǵλˣǳžԲưոݡǣҰֺҲԸ˷ҰȴòվȰ衣
ҰӡĻţɨǳˣȻ˵Ҫֻܷܷعƻ飬һ߲


1005 ն
˵Ŀж͸ײеɫݺʥ޾£ûôԱ
߻۾ֳ̧дһĿɭȻĶŷҰĵշģʥ򣬿ɲϻ֮أܹŵĵط棬ž棡
ͬʱŵ˸ԼӶͷ˿˿ƵԹ⻪˷׼ֹҰ˲ɱ
ǳ·ϻ˸ǹ⣬һǿͼһ㣬ãеǸǿսһ㡣
۾Ķѩܷܷɫ΢΢˱䣬ŷҰ磬иԲǿǻոӦٻǸǿߣǧҪСġ
һɱһɱһ˫ڣҾ˱ǳҰѩܷܷһĵЦݣڴ˴ڱǳϣĬߵͨ˲͵˱ǳǰԵ쵶űĵâ
ˢˢˢ
۾ǳӵͷϸԳһǹ⣬ڰлΪ˸ǳתų쵶
䣡
ĺ𣬿񱩵ϯ˷ǳȫɫס
ӲӷҰһȻռ˿Ϸ磡
λѣϻʥףλܹҵһ֮ճ֮ˣŵĹͣ۾Ĵ۾ǿ߳ԣҪˮ
˶ڷҰѹ۾ûиʲôʵԵĺôԸ˻ˮҲ˻Ÿùϵʱĸ۾ǿߴλϳֱϮҰǴڵǿߣǴ۳ڵǿߡ
ҰһϵһɻɵĹ⻪ϮȫڰУ쵶˸һââ۱һնɱ
һĻó˶˭Ҳû뵽Ұս֮ǿۣһɱ
ҰۺڵΪսѾȴԲеٮٮˣʥ֮£޵еĴڡЩһΪԶԶ緽ҰֶθɱǣڶС
ŵ֣ǳҲѱҰնɱ
ŵ˱˴һۣжε𾪣ԼͬŴ˹ȥ
Ұĳ֣ѾףŷҪ֧ŵԲλҲһ׵顣
ʱǹѡߡ
ߣ°ɣҰһһһ貽гȻһŽӲӵ
ǷҰӷɣľõƷ۷֮һ
뿪ҰƣͿ뵽Χش֮УΧȫŵ˱˻
Ұһͬ뵽˽ɫ֮У˲ڱǳǰ쵶˸ĺɫƣŷصȣѸնǳͷ
ǳɫ䣬ټһǹ⽣ŷҰ쵶ӭ˹ȥ
ﬣ
һ󣬱ǳǹ⽣һѿƬ̶δ֧ס쵶Ըٶն˹ȥ

ǳͷͬѿϵǹͬδ֧ס쵶ǿն顣
Ҫ֪쵶ɲǸƷ۷滹˳
ڷҰȫɱ֮£ƷҲȫס
ۣ
쵶ӱǳͷնȥһǳնΪ룬
ʥһ콾ʹ䣡
˶һֲʵУǳѹʥһôˣ
۾һӵɫ÷ǳѿ¶ɫȼԼǶ֪޷ͻƷҰķ׼֮ˡ
Ұʩչߵͨٶȿ쵽£ܹ۾Ĺɱ˲Ϣǰ
Ŀ¶֮ɫŭһɣ
ڴһɿֲҪסҰԱ
ҰִһƬ⣬ɬµʱ֮ڣӶʱȫֹһ㣬ʱ֮С
Ұ浶¡
ۣ
ѪȾ˱̿գӱҰնһ⣬ҪԱδܳɹ
Ұħһս۾ͱ˵ζطҪӳ֣ȴʼδܳɹ
۾ĿѾһɾ֮ɫѾκϣ
ڴʱһۻԵŭԶƵҶŵ˳֣ʲôҪ
ϰԵƺڷһ㣬ڤˮڶõضɽҡе˶Ȼɫ
ɱۣ۾Ŀ⾪ϲԶȼĿ
ɱۣеԲǿߣʥеĵһǿߣ
˵жûʥڣԲǿߣ֮УҲĴˡΪɱ۵ĴڣŲŻʥӵоԵ׵λ
ɱ۵ĴҰеɱʢȫľע뵽е쵶֮Уһһ赲޵дƣȻ۾
۾Ҳӿֳɫϣǰɱ۵֮ǰס
۾ͷĻƽųյĹâõӭҰ쵶
䣡
춯صĺ𣬻۾Ļƽڸ쵶ʱͺȻԱԭسױ˸УһС
Ϊȡʱ䣬۾ϧԱԼı
Ұڴһħ֮ƺ޾ħҪڳһ㣬ܵĴǵг˹ȥ
Ұǿɴ۽ٹӵħıѾﵽƷ۷ֿ񱩵޷̫Ӱ졣
ǵ񱩵УҰ˲ͳڻ۾ǰ쵶Ծն䡣
ۣ
۾쵶֮£һδ֧˲䱻ն룬ѪȾ񷡣
ӸҶɱȻϵǡÿ˷Ұնɱ۾һĻʱ˫ĿѪ죬ɱΧľ֦Ҷ䡣
ɱ۵һȻ޵еâɺ绮ƺǹⶼһɺһ㣬ȻڤˮϵĴ鿪˲Ϣ˷Ұǰ
䣡
Ұٵӭ˽ִʱһĺڤˮ嶼ҡΣһ㡣
ƴµڶǿ߶׷ױÿǶֵȼսǿԲֵġ
ѩܷܷǵŷҰϾɱ۵ͷʥ̫ˣҰʱж̣Ǵ˵Ķ
̳£Ұɱ۱˴ÿ
ɱ۵жһĨصɫӸոյĽҰΪȻԵ֮ͣۺ˿һȻƽɫľ棡
ɱ۵ĿΧŵˣܿͿ˵ϵĲʬ壬Щ侲ٴαɱ⣬ֳһƬǿգҧгݵĵնλۣ㵨ӲС첻ܸĴۣҲһҪնɱ㣡


1006 ǿɱԲ
ɱ۵£ֳƬǿÿһǳɢſյĹԣÿһ˿Զ̺ɱڤˮڵĻɽ󶼼𲻶
ӡɫ֪࣬޷ȰסɱۺͷҰϽк۾ıͣΪڤˮڵĻɽṩػסһ
ȻĻҰɱҪսڤˮھͻֱӱĨ
ɱ۳֮ʣҰֳͬһƬأÿһɢŸͬܣɢĲ˿ɱ۸
飡ɱ
ɱ۱һһſǳ׺һҫſǳ𣬳һֱߵĳŷҰɱȥÿһǳ̺֮
ҰȻɫıƿƿīתɢһʳصĿֲǷҰģ챦ƿ
Ǿſǳȫ챦ƿ˽ȥţ뺣һ㣬ûз˿
ɱɫ΢䣬תطǾſǳǿٻ˳ſǳ˸ÿһǳϵĹ⻪࣬˵δҲᡣ
Ұгһɫ񻷣ӭ绯Ϊǧ򣬽֯һƬǵصĳɱ۹ɱȥ
ǺӸǶɱŭһĺǿнһâǹ⽻֯һƬǺӣһǰıڴƣӭĻ˹ȥһǹ
ҰЦһ΢еһ񻷿ٳǵǺֹȥ
񻷣أǺڰС
ҰĬߵͨ˲䵽ǺӸǰ־ӨǺǰˡ

һ촫ǺӴ˲ϢͻΪǹ⣬ɢڰС
ǾɱɱеƲƺһεǿзֿһǹ̺ļµɱ֯һƬɱ󣬷·ǧǳһ˷Ұϡ
Ұų⣬ڴһħ֮ʮǧٸħӰͬʱֳڷҰܳγһõħӭǾɱϡ
ǷҰһνħħʩչ˵õĽ͸еȴ춯ء
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ɱѾǾɱн꣬ʮǧٸħ֯ħ֮£Ҳδκãɱ۶ɫ԰ס
ҰһͷչһԵ쵶ٴγУ˸ҫ۵ľŲ⣬һһǰ޵дƣɱ۾նȥ
ɱͷȻһǹ񽣣ͨ˸ǹ⣬͸ɱ⾪춯أƺǽɱһ˳֮ձѣ̮
ǹ񽣣ͬһƷ۷
䣡
ײһ𣬶ʱײһ㣬ĺڤˮϵЩۣѪڡڤˮڵĵӸң˻ԣҿлɽػȻһ¾ܽڤˮڵ롣
Ұ쵶ʩչߵͨ˲ʧԭأһӾͳɱǰ־Ө񣬳ɱ۵ͷ­Ļ˹ȥ
ɱȫǹ㣬ƺǳӦһ㣬ƣܵҰ֡
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Ƶ촫ɱ۵ε˳ȥֱ۶Ұǿ飬ǹ˸ٴ˳
ɱ۵˫ε𾪣ǧǳʼޱȣ˵ʥܳҡǣȫʢ״̬¸ҰӲ£ȴֱӱҰֱۣ
ȻҰӵħ壬ʿƷ۷ټϲֵ֮ļӳɣֱ׷Ʒ
Ұһ֣üжȻһƬɭľݻʵʵĸоɱüĳȥ
ɱüһǹ⣬һǹͼüУƬɭǿеֵ˹ȥɱȫǹ֮£ƺЩǳ֮֯һٴγҰ
Ұ΢΢һɫϵԴ֮ӿɱٻǹǳ֮ʱ
ΪΣ
ҰͶͨϤޱȣɱǳ֮ϵɱԭء
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Ұһնɱ۵ǹϣ񽣱ÿٰȴȻǿĵֿסһ
ˢ
ڴʱһĻɫâ쵶һţǹ񽣣նɱ۵ϣǳ
Ұ˵âڹؼʱ̶óʱ˷Ƿá
Ϊڶ棬Ȼޱȣնɱ۵ǰͬƹ֮һ㣬˦˦ܿƵѪ⣬ɱ۵Ĺǿɱ۵ꡣ
ɱƺһǴ⣬Ž˦
ô˻ᣬҰ¡ޱ߿ຣͻΪεͨͬʱʩչܴɱεԭأ쵶߸߾Ѹն䡣
ۣ
ɱ۵նΪ룬ѪȾ񷡣
ڤˮڵڶʿĿɿڴɱѹʥĴۣôˣ
˼δʱ򣬰ǹ˸ɱ۵ƬʬٻһѪɱգۼٴλָˣֻɫЩҰףѾ⡣
ҰȻܹΪԲǿߣûʡ͵ĵƣɱҲнط
ǣҰܿɱ۵״̬Ȼ۷壬Ӵܵӡ
ҰȻᣬһڳһӵնɱۣɱ۵ǹҧסڶִ̧һɫɱУסǿ˻ټɽӶǺӴͷ
ϣǿнɱ뵽ɽӶС
һӣҰ뵽ɽӶУʧȥɱۡ
ɽӶ¡϶һȭӡӡɱۼ㱻ƽסɽӶֵ췭ظʱشһĲҽ
ԣҳȥ
ҳȥԸһƷ񵤣
ҳȥԸΪ
ɱ۽ʼģҰʼճţ𷴶ӳˣɱۡ
ʱƣɽӶеԽԽСˣҽҲԽԽճûϢ
ҰһһɽӶһžӨԲѪƮ
ʥһǿߣɱۣβĻҷ
ڤˮеʿη쳣ŷҰҰȻնɱɱۣʵѵõ֤Ϊʥ֮ĵһǿߣ
ҰѾȫεɽӶЩҪЩһˡ
ɽӶһ۱ܹסɱ۴ңǽɫסɱۣǳԵ˫ɽӶͱɱ۴ˡ


1007 
ҰǿɱۣһԾΪʥǿߣǿҰĿж˾⡣
һսУ۶˷ҰС
Ӵ֮žҲ޷ˡһ֮ʧۣѹƹŶŻѣţҲһߵ˥䡣
ڤˮڣǲٸҰҪˡӡɫ粻۶ڤˮڣڤˮ˳֣ҲѴֵ̡ҵǣŴ۹Ȼ˽ǣڤˮڳ֣Ҳˡ
Ұɱ۵ǿѪѩܷܷǰϹ崺Цݣº͵ĵܷܷûˣѪƷ񵤣Ϊ棬ҸطչأҰ㻤˰ɡ
ѩܷܷ΢Цŵ˵ͷȪ㶯ȥҵѩɡ
ãҰͷӦ
ѩܷܷĿӡε۾ǸȻɷ³ç鷳ˣʦģ£Ƿ޲Ӳܵġ
Ұ΢ѩܷܷڤˮڵǻи顣
Ұ㵭Цٸ£ûдڵıҪˡ
Ұû˿ɱȴôе˶һֲĸоҰɱѾģǺɣٸڤˮڵ鷳Ұԥɱţ
Ұı֤ӡε۾ж΢΢˿зҰ仰ҲڤˮҰ
ѩܷܷŷҰֱۣӡε۾һԼĶ˹ȥ
ڴеͣ󲿷ֶӡģѩܷܷǣкû
Ұ뿪֮ʱӡһ׼ЩƷ񵤵ҩģܷܷϣæ꣬һЩƷ񵤡Щҩ뿪ڤˮڣڤˮڵʵҲܹپš
ӡһ˿ϲɫŷҰ뿪ķλһſʼкƴбı͡
ӡеһĨϲе˶Ĵ棬뵽Ұոյı뺷һʱҲ˸Ҷʣû˵ǷҰ
ҰѩܷܷһڤˮУѩܷܷһ·ϸҰڤˮڵĸ򣬾ϸֳҸЦݣҰһﶼо泩
˺ܿͷصѩܷܷڵѩ壬ԴѩܷܷͻƵ۾֮ڤˮھרΪѩܷܷһɽ塣ɽѩأˮɽϵ׺Ÿ滨ݣ¥бżǸ֮
ѩܷܷǲŷǿѪصѩ֮󣬾ߴߴѯŷҰ뵽֮ľ
ҰԼľؾĸѩܷܷҰľɱѩܷܷҪӵö࣬˴󲿷ֵľղ֣ѩܷܷ
˵Ұ˳Χ¼򻯰ħ󣬽Ƭռȫס
ɵٴδ˳ɩӣǲǵҰ
ѩܷܷ峺иֳһĨϲɫѿڵ飿ˣ
ٴοڵϴѾԻˣֻǻ֮ʱᱻǧħӦʱ
ԣѩܷܷɫЩأǧħǿʲôزƾʵѵ֮𣿡
Ұһ˸ɱâǧħǸʥǿߣӵͨ쳹صֶΣԵûĶ֡ƺˣʥ򣬾ǧħ֮أ
ѩܷܷü΢ʥ磬Ѩۡȣʵɱ䡣Ҽ񣬿ҲĶ֣Ҫʥж֣
Ұ¶һ˿ŵЦݣӦûʥΧٸǧе콾ɽСҺ¶ܹڸԵӱҶЩһҲֻҪҵѣҪǧħҲǲܵ顣
ѩܷܷ΢ЦףȻҶľСڵֱӡĵطܹͻƳ츳졣뵽ǧ֮Ȼˮһ·ǵ츳ټһЩԵҪõʥƶѡǣ˷ʺĵطּСļԺԲơ
ҪǣǶǴзģĴǧ˴֮ľ벻̫ңԶЩ˷ĵط⣬ʥҲܹһЩѡ
ѩܷܷŷҰãŰľԼ״ָ̬۷壬ʼ׼ǿѪ
ǿѪǴԲɱȫڣƷ񵤡ѩֳܷܷܸ֮һĺɫУѪ
ҹѩܷܷŽǿѪȫΪȵ̤뵽˴ھ硣
ȵѩܷܷ֮󣬷Ұһɣ驹ȥ
ڷҰѩܷܷȫεģѩܷܷʶûʣͽɣ驹ٴѩܷܷʲҰǰ޵׶ɣ驹ȫ֮ΪֱͻƵ˴ۺھ磬һȹ
ѩܷܷϻһŵĸоʱ䣬ʹӴ۳۷徳磬ͻƵ˴ۺھ磬붼顣Ұȴˡ
Ұǲѩܷܷȣȵ֮а취ѩܷܷս
ѩܷܷѪɣ驹Ǽ죬ҰһֱԲ͵еƲ裬ÿһ趼޾ϸ˳гҰ־ԵİտƳƷ񵤡
ԲǿԲͻƵ۵ļʣеԼӿ۵ٶȣֵҩǷǳܻӭ񵤣ҲжѰٵ񵤡
ѩܷܷһӴڤˮڣҰڤˮһ񵤣Լѩܷܷ뿪ڤˮԼҲǿʢȥ
ȵѩܷܷΪȹڴۺڣҰѩܷܷ˵׼ڤˮƵҩ飬ѩܷܷ֪ҰΪģȻǳĸж
ѩܷܷʦε۾˸ϢŷҰһٴθڤˮ塣
ڤˮϵ޸ӡ͹ԹԵĵȺˡ
֪ҰܹƳƷ֮ӡǲҵѩܷܷ֮⣬ڤˮڵλ۶ĵȺڴУȺŷҰĴݹ١
ҰѩܷܷǶӡ˶ӭ˳
ӡ˵ЩʲôȻӦѩܷܷδȫϢʱ˫ĿԲŵĵѩϣͻƵۺˣ
˷硣ѩܷܷȻһЦ򾰶ʧȥɫþĶǡ
ӡλһۣĿжε𾪡ǸѩܷܷżûѩܷܷʹӴ۳۷ͻƵ˴ۺھ磬󾳽磬Ƕһΰĸо
۾磬ʲôʱҲôͻˣ
ӡ˱ڷҰƷݻЩɣʶѩܷܷɱ䣬еǳ״˿ɣ


1008 ħ
ԣ֪ڤˮסĿɻϰߣӡһƽ¼飬ЦŷҰѯʳŲԾĹ
Ұĵ˵ͷЦܷܷһκεطϰߡӦףܷܷӣȻһӴڤˮڡǣܷܷڤˮڻи飬ΪˣҽŻרΪǳһΡƷԼƷµ񵤶ԣܷܷϣһһŵҩûɣ
ӡڵȴҰΪˣҰһһŵҩʱΪݵδܱѩϣȻûѩڤˮڣѩϸŷǶǳġΪڤˮڿ¯ڤˮڸм
Աϣӡкһ׼õ϶˳ĵݸ˷Ұ
Ұӹϣ˳ֽԼĶ˳ת̤˽ȥ
Ұ˿
ÿʦʱ򣬶뱻˴ŵҰԼĶ˵ߺʶӡ˶ǳ⡣
ҰԲԲÿһԼԺйһ飬ȷÿһϸڶգż˳ɽӶɵ
ҰѾƣǿԽ֮ɵʷǳߣһƣƳԲ
ڽУҰĳɵʽߣһ¯ɵſţ˺һ¯ɵʮţٶҲˡ
ʱ󣬷Ұ㽫ӡҪĵҩ˳Ʒ񵤵Ĳ϶ǳ󣬼ӡ˶Ǵۼǿߣһռҩ˼ҲֻճʮƷ񵤵ĲϣʣµĶЩƷƷ񵤲ϣǷǳɡ
ҰԸпƷ񵤵Ĳϣϻ綼ټˣȻ嫵۾ҲôеҪʥջ񡣼ڱ磬ֲҲٵĿڤˮڵɲСȴֻܴճʮƷ񵤵Ĳϣɼһߡ
ӡĲ֮󣬷Ұδʹ˴סԼԨеõЩ߼ҩ˳ȺƳ˵ҩ
ȵҰв϶ϣõԲ͵еһٶţƷеʵͻⵤٿţⶼǵĸ߳ɵʡ
ҰӶ߳˳ֶӡƿЦҲԲŵеϣڤˮá
ӡϽƿǿ£Ǽɫ㵸ĵл˵ȶ飬ڤˮûˣѾ׼ϯɷ
Ұڤˮڵӡôã԰ֵˣæĻ͸ұɢ޶࣬Ҫһˡ
ӡûʲôģҰѯʣ˵˳ʥҶϵĻϵû̫ɣɢޱȽ϶ࡣĻ嫺ڤâ򡢳Ѫͥжɢ޾ۼءͼиķΧ֣˴󲿷ڡ
ӡ֪Ұϻ磬ڱ粻죬ʶȤ˸ͼ̺źϢ
ӡҰǺģ˳ֽӹͼ򣬵л
磬ȥɢ޾ۼظʲôѩܷܷɻѯʳ
Ұ΢Цŵķչ̫˵ҪΪŲѪҺ
һ𣡡ѩܷܷϵ˵˳
ò׼ҰѩܷܷȻͷҰٴηֿ
ҰͷãһȥƾͲطڤˮˣʱ죬Ի㷵ϻ磬Ҹɡ
ѩܷܷĸε۾˸˵ӡ뽫ҰڤˮУҲ֪ڤˮݲǱڸѩܷܷϧ
ȵѩܷܷϣҰѩܷܷһ𣬴ڤˮгĻϵ˹ȥ
Ұ֮ҲǸƷյӣҪǧ֮ڣԡ츳ȷȫڣ黹ǻֻҪͨҵĿ飬ٷЧţɳΪŵӡ֮ţǰϻ硣ֻҪ㹻ףɵõӦĵҩڻϵֻ죬ߣңҰ̤ϵѹͷſƴϵ
Ұ˴ΪյӶû͵£ֱӾͽԼƷ˳
ʱϵ䶯
ɣû˵ǣƷͷǴ۾ǿߣҲ򣬶յӣûܲ
֮ϵĴ󲿷Ŷ⣬֮ࡣ
ҰĿɨգֱӽ䳬Ķ˳ȥţһзɳУóһ嫴
Ұĵڶʱٵڤо󷨴ʱǸ弶ʦȡʮվɱħľһħר֮ˣ֮˵ͨħ̬ʩչ
󷨱ǷҰרΪѩܷܷȷϻ֮ѩܷܷĥԼսʱóǡÿԽ˵ԡ츳ȵȡ
ħ󣬻ԸλΪȷ滯ħǹֲסģߺԶʵΣգȰλĪҪֻҪְܹʱʸţҰ򵥵˵һ䣬һӣиֳһ֣ǰμӵŶɨ뵽ħ֮С
ħǳϿ֮ì֮ܣ˶ԼطĴֲ
ʱƣһŶǱĴħеһ
ʱ󣬷Ұħеʿ˳ֻʣ²ʮˣ󲿷ֶ񽫣ֻһˡ
Щ˷Ч֮󣬷Ұ˳һӣһƿڸǰһžӨҩǰǶƷ񵤣ʦǰƷ񵤣ǰƷ񵤣ǰƷ񵤣ǰƷ񵤣Ǹÿ˵Ϊġ
Щŵˣ˶ǳĽҰȴٸǻᣬ˳ֽЩװɽӶУѩܷܷһ˺գ뿪˴
ڽʱУҰѩܷܷڱЩɢޡֻҪԹأ츳ָߣΪ֮ϵģҰ֦ǸҪŵģҪЧš
ƷͷڣҰܿͽɢ޶Լֵ¡
º󣬷ҰӡЩһ飬ʮϵյǧӡЩӣȫǸϵелʮˣٶˣİٶˣʦ鹲һˣÿ˶һӦ񵤡
ʱһҰ綼߱ˣǧɢ֮еչ鵽֮УЩ˵ļ룬ŵֻǸʱ⡣
Щ˶ҰɽӶ֮УѩܷܷһųеĿ紫ʹǰʮƷ֮Ӱԭʧ


1009 طϻ
ϻ磬Ȼǳ̨ϣͻأĸֳӰ
ӰһµĿ꣬һǰƮƮľŮ϶ɢһͭ¯ĴѹǷҰѩܷܷ
ڴ֮ʱҰǺȻǳ̨꣬Ȼʹ͵
ϡҰϸֳһ˿Цݣϻģһˡ
ѩܷܷӦΧĴϢҡͷ̾Ϣϻȣ̫Զˡֵܹطɵۣһ׵顣
磬̫ңԶˣϻΪƶ񤣬Ҳû취顣߰ɣҴ㷵šҰпһ˳˺ռ䣬ѩܷܷû˽ȥ
ʱ䲻ãҰѩܷܷͳƴ½ɽ
ҰɽӶյĵӶͷ˳ЦڣӴ֮󣬸λаɡֻҪܸŴ㹻ĹףӦĵҩ٣
ڶʿӦΧĴϢȱϡУ˿ڤˮĴŻҪŨ
뵽ҰóʮƷ紫ͣǾ֪Ұƴ֣һλ϶зǷɾ͡
Ͽϲӭ˳
ϿѾ˷Ұ֮ΪﵽԲ磬ҷҰ񵤣ҪͻƵ磬ǰ϶顣
Ͽ㣬ԴӷҰͻƳɵ֮ͳ׹ģаĴ
ҰϿ˵˵ͷѩܷܷܵӣѩܷܷϿ񡢹𣬴Ҷʶ°ɡ
Ͽ͹СĵļжĪû뵽ҰҲɲ⣡ܸϹϵģûм򵥵
ѩܷܷ΢Цףͬûʲôӡ
Ұ˳ֶһƿЦʱˣһԲͻƵ۾磬л˰ɡ
֪ҰӲ˵ջĵллʹͣ𶨵ǣ
һĻ淽Ұıʿ󶨣ԲֻֽܹҪΪ㹻Ĺף񵤾Ͳ÷ˡ
ҰЦŷԸЩڱյţǰ¡Ͽȥ׼ϯΪܷܷͬŽӷϴ
Ͽȥܿ죬ɽͱ졣
ڽʱУҰѩܷܷ뿪ƴ½̩ǿʼԼ㼣һʵضѩܷܷԼľ
Ұǲ㻨µʱ䣬ŽԼ㼣ĵطѩܷܷһ飬ѩܷܷŷҰһôһ㡣
Ѿ뿪̩ǣ֪ȥδȥˣҰûпȥѰ
̩ǵţҰûд㽫֮Ϊܲڣ̩ǱϾ̫СˣҪչƬСطͲڵġԺŷչǿʢˣҰ׼Ϊѡء
գҰѩܷܷٴηصƴ½Ϊڻɽʮ򻯰ħ󣬸һʶֲ̽ħħԷɣľΪԴõģרΪѩܷܷģʵսѩܷܷʵս
Ұʮ򻯰ħ󣬾Ϊ˷סɣľйֹܸӦǵҪ鷳
Ȼħ˵ԷɣľΪԴȪʮվɱоУʱ˳
ҰҪѩܷܷҪԼʵս
ΨвϵͻƼޣܹ֮и
ʱУżȥŽ֮⣬ҰѩܷܷĴ󲿷ʱ䶼ħжȹÿһζħеħˣǵʵսҲڷǿ
տʼʱ򣬷Ұֻһͨһͨı¶˺Ұڸսʱ򣬶ҽ󲿷ͨ¶ˡ˵ҪԵĶָǿˣǷҰķӦҲøˡ
һ󣬷ҰŸҳħʩչһͨͨʩչħеħҲʩչͨʱǵصȫӵиͨħҰ˲˿ս֮С
һδεĿս֮УҰٴһֵͨ
쵶֮£γһĵâУƽ๥жϵѾڿɳܷΧ֮ˡ
˵綷ת޵Уʤڳ־ãһֱȥתֻܼƬ̵ʱ䡣
һգҰմħгȻüë΢¶һ˿Ц⣬ħкܷܷɣˡ
Ƭ֮ѩܷܷȾѪĴħгˮϴԴ˲ϢϾȹϵѪҲϴĸɸɾ
һѩܷܷϢǿʢˣսԵڵʵѾЩڴۺͣϼһˣй֮
ˣһûأ߰ɣȥѩܷܷȻס˷ҰֱۣϹһ˿Ц⣬һʥζ
Ұѩܷܷһ𣬺ܿͳڻɽϡ
ʦ缤ٳŷҰ˹
ڷҰǰͣĿѩܷܷϣЦĵλʦɣʦƯҲֻʦܹʦ
˵ʦһμ棬żȻãɵֵ۾ĹһΣ͸㵱ˡѩܷܷݸһЦ˳ֽһӡźɫĵĻݸѩܷܷ˸ѹ
ʦãЦ绨ãûƴǣ˳ֽ˹˲ϡ
ѩܷܷߴߴʱѯʱʱ˵ԼľĵķǳǢ
ȻŷҰ˵ʦѧ
Ұ΢΢£ֵĵôȻѧˣ
ǰΪǳѣŷ֣Ӻ׾ܹסҩĵҩԣ㳢ԼһЩͼĵҩɹʶСңӻõһ𡣡Լ֣иֳһɫĻ棬͸һȵϢ
Ұüë΢ЦݵĵǺ˻ƽһֵػ֮ʮߣ˵ҲǲˡȻѧϰȻ̡ܹߵһͿԼŬˡ
ҰԱϣֱӽֱӷü֮УΪǿԼ
ڽʱУҰħжʵս󲿷ʱ䶼ָȻԣڵȷżߵ츳̶һʱ䣬ܹһƷˣ˵Ǻ˻ƽ츳Ҳˡ
Ұа˼֣ߵǻ֮Сߵ֮ߵһȭ֮˵ĸӣǶһ㡣
ʱƣʥʱѾٽˡ
ҰѩܷܷΪȴﵽ˴ۺ۷壬ʵս쳣ǿʥڼʱȴȷΪ˲ʥ֮УҰɣľŵ鴦ϣȺʥĿ


1010 ʥ
ɽۣ֮ƾ棬ɽϰϰ
Ұѩܷܷ飬Լʥпֵܻĸ
ȻҰüë΢ĿɽɽŴЦѵˡ
ѩܷܷĿȥͼɽɽϿյƲ㶼һεĽĿɢɫ΢Щȷĵɽ⣬ѵ˵
Ұͷ΢Ц˳ֽɽϵ󷨽ƶرˡ
˵䣬һѸգۼ䵽˷ҰǰӰ
һأ͹ЦѣطϻҲһôĳľƺȣ
ҰǰһȭЦ治ԭʥ򼴽ʥ֮ǰҿҪԼʵУʥʥ޵֮ô콾룬ҿɲҴ⡣ˣλҵӣѩܷܷܷܷҸ
ܷܷ硣ѩܷܷ΢Цס
ϽֵĪҪֻǳճЩˣֿɱҵΪߵöˣ˵ǲ
˵ѾӦѩܷܷʵΪɵڵãϲŸֳһĨɬЦݣ߽ĵۺ۷壡治֪ôͻƵģȻȫͻƵ˴ۺ۷壡Һ磬ҲҲʿˡұΪԼѾˣڲŷ֣ҲǾ֮ܶѡ
ΪѾͻƵ˴۳۷壬ǸҰѩܷܷһȣȳɾֵͣһᡣ
ҰЦҲԷƱ츳Ҫȡóɾֻͣʱ⡣˵츳ٶиѵ츳ǲ
Ƿİɣ治֪ʲôأȻһϸֳ˼ɫ
ҰЦǶǴ½ġ˵ǷǸС磬ʲôأһûдӦĻ޷ӦĴڡΪˣܹӱģǳˡִҪһͬʥ򣿡
ǷҰܣҲû͸ľϢ
˵Ұڼʥ֮УȫǸеľ콾һУⲻй¶ȥΪѣǾǷҰϣġ
ҰԸ˵֪ǷҰĵܣҲûжʣЦŻӦд⡣˵嫵۾˵ںδĽ뵽ʥ֮СһǾãܹһ𣬽뵽ʥ֮У˴֮ľҲԸһЩʲôʽϵҲܸҵԷ˶֡
˵пʥһС磬ҪСб˴ϵɲһ׵顣
ҰȻˣҾͽһơеһ֣ڻСУӦҲܱ˴˸Ӧ·λ
ϲã
ʵҰ֮ԴֻҪʶϢڻСصظӦ֮£׸Ӧֻǻǣ̫󣬷Ұʱ
Ӵ֮˻ɽϣͷҰѩܷܷһ𣬾ȺʥĿ
ֵһǣڵȴʱУŷҰǿԲɹͻƵ˴۾硣
Ұ΢˿ں֮УۼǲĴڣһ򣬾㷽Ұں磬Ҳ
ˣ
չ󣬺صжֳһУ͸һɹɲã嫵ĻϢ·ﱾԴӿ
ҰѩܷܷӰڻɽۣ֮硢ϿҲһŵӶӱչ֮еľ޴УĿг
ʥڿˣϣ罣ĿгһȵϢ
ѩܷܷ΢ЦҸܵһɾ޴ٻ֮ΪǰʮǿҲýˡڱ磬ʥλǻңԶϣܹ
Ұǣסѩܷܷ֣ĿŰеУȻڷ֮ʱѾǿзֿһΣһΣҲֿ
һ壡ʥټһȫһ񽣣ٳ
չ˺ţһģҰ˶һѩܷܷһ𣬿ٳǵڵķ˹ȥ˲û֮С
ڷҰѩܷܷյ֮УŻڷӿεһƾռеӿʼղϿ


1011 ֮
ˢˢ
ӰһƬĲݵϣǷҰѩܷܷ
Ұ˽յƣѩܷܷЦЦΣû뿪
ѩܷܷչЦлڣСҪǷֿҲô׵顣ŨĻϢҪתͿ׵ջϢ
ȻһƬС磬һпӵȻͬһ㡣ҸӦķλҰЦף΢ϸӦ
Ƭ֮󣬷Ұ˫ۣĿһա
ѩܷܷĵжԶ
Ұпֻգ۵Ĺ򣬾ǴԼϵϲѣһȸӦЩѵϢɡ
ԱϣҰٴα˫ۣüлıҡҷƺ뵽˻֮УŻУ䵽ʥ֮С
ŻֻѹƽģʧˮһĴŷҰС硣
ָоʶȫͬʶӦôȴһʵĸӦ÷ҰӦһЩϤϢֿʥҲһ˿ӵеġ
Ԫӡʯĺе˵ϢȺڷҰļ䣬Ұһ㣬ӹǣڸԶӦ
ǳңԶһ̶ߣλÿ̶Ȼգ˫ų»
һϣһͦεĺɽۣƺ뵽Χ֮СһƬԾֹĿռ䣬κοֽޡڷҰӹʱ򣬴Ȼ̧ͷ­͸貵â΢΢ϴҪټˡ
̲ɽУʤѩСϥ˫ֿ־ƺʲôĳһ˲䣬Сˢһ˫ۣŴ켣תĿɨԶʦñ°ȻҵʦˡСովȻǸӦʲô̧ͷ¶ƤЦݣɵĵʦͽĽպϰɣ
͵±£һõΰڲ鿴ʯϵİ߰ߺۼִԴϢڷҰɨʱȻ̧ͷĻ渡֣ϸֳˬʵЦݣĵҰСӻûʥ֮սһңһһ·ȥģ
ƽɳĮУһͨУû˿ƽͬһ̶ˮɳĮһǰСϸȥܷ֣ÿһǳ;붼һģһͷ·óһ㡣Ȼͣ˽Ų̧ͷ죬Ȼ΢Цҵ˵ǻʱڣʱˡ
ƮһϣһȾİ꾲վɾϹȻЦݣ˫峺û˿ʣ͸һ׽֮Ȼ峺гһƵĵһҪսˡ
˵ĸӦǳģҰҲӦѵϢ
֮ҰǴһϢһۣǧħն֮
ŷҰϢ¡СڡС졢Ҷľϵɫ΢΢Щ仯һ˼ĳ𣬳ŷҰڵķλ˹ȥ
Ұ˻¶һĨĵЦݡ
ˣѩܷܷЩѯ˳
뵽ôã֪Ҳ뵽֮⣬˵Ϣȫѩܷܷ֪ͬ˵Ϣ
ҰЦ¡СڡС졢Ҷľ󳾣˶ʥǵΪչͦģС죬Ϊڴ۷壬˶˴ۺھ磬ǵ˿󰡡ǴħϢˣҸһ֣Ҫնɱǧħˡ
ѩܷܷ¶һ˿Ц⣬벻ܸٴˣһô
ҰĿǵĹ󣬳Ҷ֪ʥз֮䳬ǧ޷ڡԭǧħ޷뵽ʥ֮Сͨոյ̽飬ҷַ԰ɣľΪҪǧħ˵أȶ˷ɣľȻСǻۣû黯Σǧħ϶չ
ڷҰ飬ѩܷܷûκ׵ãɣľλãܹȷ𣿡
ҰڵķɣľٸԶһǿ֪ǷɣľλãЦǸλɣľͬʮվɱ֮У˸Ӧ
ڷҰѩ̸ܷܷʱ򣬷ҰĲһ޵ʱһų貵⣬⽻֯նһС
һɫӰӰеǴѪԾ˷ҰһۣͷҲصĳԶ
Ұδ׷ҡͷпȥɲô׵飬һǽԼĴѹͷųɣñһЩС֮졣
ҰԱϣ϶ȻֳһǿѹΧնѡ
ѩܷܷͬͷųԼĴѹˮϵӿеĸʥš
ʥΪ߶ֻǴԲ磬ʮ򶼲һܳһҰѩܷܷǴۺ۷Ϊν뵽ʥ콾֮һˣͷųѹ֮󣬼ǴԲ콾ǵ⣬Ҳõ
ھȥҷɣľ𣿡ѩܷܷѯʳ
ҰŨü΢壬뵽ʥʿΪǻھ磬ǴԲ磬ǵΪȻûʲô⡣ԪǣҪȥûôסǰȥѰҷɣľ֮ǰȥһ
ڷҰѡѩܷܷ֧֡
ڷҰָ£˺ܿͳ˻ԪӸԪһɽһ١ԪӾ۾绹һֵطֻΣɲ̫ֻС̽ѰΧĵرҵ֮һܵˣȡͻƵ۾硣
ӦҰϢ֮󣬻ԪӾϲӭ˳ĴЦѣ벻ôܹٴμ棬Ե
ҰԪӺƬ̣ŻԪӽѩܷܷȻѣҪȥĵطʮΣգȥ˴󲿷ֶǴۺԲǿߣ϶оսΪ̫ʺȥһԲӦͻƵ۾硣ϢŨҹͻƵ۾綼ٽ£ǸͻƵĺõطˣҸոջӦʯĺǵϢֱ⼸λ⣬ȥǻϡ
˵ţҰݸԪһƿָԪָ˼λ
ԪԲǿƷ񵤣ҰֵҩܹˣңͷҰĽʵ㲻̫ҰȻóǳԤϡ
ԪҰҲ֪ҰڵĶ֣Ѿֵܹˡ
ڷҰԪг˸мݵлѣԲȷʵҪͲˣԺвǲǣ


1012 ķɣľ
Ұѩܷܷһ𣬸Ԫӣܿ
һ˸ħƵ꼤ҽսħӦҰѩܷܷĵɫʱúѿ޺޵˽µɽһۣһУοٱðʧط뿪˴˴
˳ֲɽ۵һЦڷҰ˵ǰ벻ôּˣһǼһսսˣֱߣǰҪˡ
ǰһƷҩںѾҩҲֻʥвܼˣѹֻս
ʿ뵽ʥ֮УΪʥеҩĶǣҰֻͬΪʣµİɣľҩ֮ģҪĻ治ôС
ҰЦҲҪʰҲһ¡ˣҸӦһЩѵϢҪֶԸһ϶֣ͲһˡĺʯĺжڣУһ𡣡
˵ţҰĺʯĺе˵ķλ
н˸ǷҪҰæ
ҰЦ¹ǸСķӡ֮£ǻԼ¡
ãףǺˣ֣ص˵˳
ӷҰĻУؾһĺ⣬ֱҰСķӡ²򵥡ҰȻԲ֣Ҳ뻵˷Ұ飬ϾΪҰȣ̫˵
Ұһ̽һʥ򣬵ǣڸӦСǵϢ֮˲ħ֮¡ңԣǧħ飬Լ飬治˲¡Ϊǧħ׶༪٣Ұˮ
Ұ뿪ŷɣľָķ˹ȥ
ʥ򿰱ϻСҰѾﵽ˴ۺ۷徳磬ڵĻӽ״̬˴дѹƣҰٶҲ˿
һ·ϣ˲ΪһЩҩеļսǶûвЩɣľȣЩҩԵ΢ˡ
չ󣬷ҰѩܷܷѾĿĵء
һƬ޾ɽ֣һɲϵϢľգ̸ڣȴû̫ҩ֡
Ұеǲûие죬ףӦͬһʮվɱ󣬷ס˷ɣľϢҪɣľҪͨʮվɱСˣʮվɱλöҲ
ңķɣľԨİɣľЩͬķɣľأƬʥܵ󣬲ֻΧĵطҩ
ȻķɣľΧȻҲһЩ߼ҩġ
ҰĵڶʱٵڤоѾԲóƷˣټʮվɱоܿҵʮվɱλá
ʮվɱŨֺһʯں󷽣Ұѩܷܷտʯڣͱһǿ뵽ʮվɱ֮УǰһƬɫ硣

ոս뵽ʮվɱ֮УҰ˾һĲҽԶԶһͷͨƵӰʮͷ˺ڰС
ҰĿ΢΢£ѩܷܷϻһֱʮվɱĥʵսɣʮվɱ֮нֻģͷڣʮվɱȴܹģʮͷڣ
Ұϸȥж˿ո˺ǸʿʮͷڣͷʵģͷǸӰʮվɱ󣬱ȷҰõǸʮվɱҪơ
ڷҰ˼䣬ʮվɱѾӦǵϢһƾո֣ǶһͷͷĽڣǵصĳѹ˹
Ұ΢΢һЦһиֳǰɣľѩܷܷ¡
Ұ˵ĽȻֹ˲ɢڰУһƽڷҰ¡
Ұѩܷܷһ̤ϻƽգۼһ϶޴ɽУɽҩأҲƷ֮У󲿷ֶƷҩڤ֥ƷҩеļƷ
ڹɽȵ룬һƽƶˣϢͷڣÿһͷǧɴС͸һɹֲѹҰԨõļһģһ
Ψһǣĸϵ֦Ҷï͸ϢӰ硣
ܷܷаɣľ꣬˰ɡҰЦѩܷܷѩܷܷȥȡɣľ
ѩܷܷü΢ҡͷߵˮ֮ɣľ֮࣬ҵĴǡǡ෴ɣľϣк棬˰ɡ
Ұ˼һоѩܷܷ˵ҲеҲ飬ͷãҾ
ϴշɣľľ飬Ұ׾ͽɣľ뵽ڣڵİɣľһγһķɣľ
ҰٸһյϢ˲佫ڣǣ纣ĻϣϴŷҰľŷҰΪ
ˣ
һ޵𣬷ҰڵĴ飬ɹͻƵ˴Բ硣
ؼֻʮ֣ÿһֶŷǳĹЧɣľ֮ҰͻƵ˴Բ磬봫˵еʥ磬ֻһ֮ң
ڷɣľָ˲䣬һɺ嫵Ļʥʥеʿסˡв˶ʥĴ˵һϲ֮ɫоĲһ
ǲ֪ǵĲ²ȻȷѾ˷ҰС
ǹƺǴʥص״ģûܹƲɣľڵλãڶʿһҴͷӬһ㣬ʥи
ɣľڷҰУɹľ֦ҶïÿһƬҶƬɢŽӲӵĹʮͷڸǻ֣ΧĽӰƣ͸һյϢ
ڷɣľָ˲䣬Ұʹӷɣľϵõʮվɱ
ħ󷨸ע֮սǿǿҰоʮվɱħȣвСĲࡣֻҪҵʮվɱ㣬ҪƽִҲǲܡǣܽħĲó綼û֮࿹
Щҩ㿴Щʺ㣬˰ɡҰѩܷܷ΢Ц
ѩܷܷѡ˼ֺˮϵƷҩÿȡһ꣬Ķ˷Ұ
ʣµҩǲ٣Ȼ㲻ȡƳ񵤣ٸҲһҰǲ𣬶еҩûзŹһҩȫյԼУֲ˷ɣľ֮ϣ˷ܵɫ
ѩܷܷ΢ЦŷҰϵ˷֮ɫо͸Ÿˡ
Щҩѩܷܷ˵ҩڷҰϺͷûʲô𡣶ңҰƷЩҩǷڷҰϸܷеļֵ
ҩ֮УҰҵڤ֥ڤ֥ʮ꣬Ұͷһȡ
ֻҪκһڤ֥֮Ʒĳ̶ȣ
ܹƷУѾǰ벽ʥˣ


1013 콾
Ұѩܷܷæڷɣľԭλãóһڤ֥һ븹С
ʱҰ͸оһӿԼڷӿ߾ֱ֫ٺ֮Уÿһ缡ɢžӨĹ
ڤ֥޾һ뵽Ұڣ֮һɢڷҰÿһ缡֮УĶŷҰÿһ缡ӿ÷Ұÿһ缡ڷŲ֪ɱ䡣
ҰҪģǽϵתԼžתתҰԼֳһУΧĻ˹
ڤ֥뵽ҰڣҰÿһѨеħӰԽԽڤ֥󲿷ֶҰڵħӰɡ
ˣ
쵶ڷҰĵ֮У˿˿ɢ뵽Ұȫ֮Уڤ֥飬ڷҰաͬʱ쵶ΧҲһһɹڤ֥ɶ룬ĹԽԽӨ
쵶ڶħգڤ֥ۿɼٶڣҰûеõ
ǿҰаԸпһֽ̧ڶڤ֥Уʼ
紫ԣһڤ֥ܹһƷ۷̤뵽Ʒĵزǣ쵶ħӶᣬҰ޵׶һ㣬һڤ֥Ȼġ
˵ҰڵħӰҪ̫Ӵڤ֥󲿷ֶǱħˡ
Ұڤ֥ħģ쵶ȴԽԽӨܹܵҲ͡
ˣ
һ֮𣬷ҰȫֳһĨ񻪣һȻƴڴ֮ƺѹΧ
ôڤ֥ҰɱƷĵز
ﬣ
ǡڴʱ쵶һ֮ӷҰг֮ѿһ޴ޱȵĿռѷ죬·һʥһ㣡
Ʒ
˵еʥ֮
ڷҰɱ֮дѪ쵶ͬɱ䣬һٳΪƷ
ƷϢ
˵ʥһʥԲǿѵǿߵɣ
ȥ
ʥʿ쵶ɱϢˣһӰŷҰڵķ˹ȥ
ʦ쵶ʦˣСϲ֮ɫܻ˵ӰԽԽٳҰڵλá
ǿƣ쵶շǵﶼҶüë΢ıԹܷ⣬һӾͳߣٶȿ쵽¡
ͬʱСڡľ˶иӦ·ٶȸ졣
Ұ΢յ˫ĿȻԼĺۼת˲ֱ峺ˮ˳Ⱦ
õңһӴһͨɫӰѸĳ쵶ڰ۳һֻɫ֣ĳŰе쵶ȥ
Ұ΢е쵶ȻڰʧһӣͳǸɫӰǰԷӦ
ɫӰڰȻͣһӣܵһǿҵΣС룬üоͳһƽ͸һɽƲӲӵĹܸǸֳһƬƽ磬ҪסԾһ
ۣ
в˿ϰ𣬻ƽͽɫӰգۼȫѳ룬׹
һб
Զ׼ᱦ˶𣬸ոճǸƽɫӰһۺڵǿߣ벻ڰԾ쵶֮£һжû֧Źȥ
ŰеķҰ˵ĺԾѹ
շģδıɱˣְɣۻĴҶΰԾӰ˲Ϣȭͷ貽âǿƵĳŷҰɱ˹ȥ
ãҿôûʲôչҶ֣Ұ¶һ˿ĵЦݣսڣδðе쵶Ƴȭȭͷų⣬ȻӭҶ
飡
춯صĺײλֱӱѳռѷ죬һײп񱩵ײλϯڰǿ߶еϢ΢͡
Զ˶е΢ҰҶͨײȴۺڵǿ߶ɵĪ뵽Ұոɱۺڵǿߣ˶е˲֮
Ҷ˵˵ĿⶼԾ˰еǱ쵶棬ܵ쵶ͷҰһ޵Ϣ˶ҶԷ飬һĿж¶ʧɫ
ǶףΨ߲ܹӳıʹǵõҲûʲôãҷҰ˰ԵеĲ˶⡣
ǣҲм˵ĿĹǶһЩ֪ıȽ϶ࡣҪñɱ䵽Ʒľ磬ʿ˱ӵʥ֮Ҫ㣬Ψд˵еڤ֥
ڤ֥ѾǰƷҩǧУҲҩ
Ұܹʥ϶Ƿڤ֥ϼпܻڤ֥˵ֿԲ󣬵Ҳðһˡ
ͷҰڶŵҶЩ˼뷨ʱҲסˣҪҶȥ̽̽Ұĵӡ
ѩܷܷ΢ЦŰеķҰҶһƬ
ҶսڣηˣٴɱڵĳŷҰɱ˹ȥȭͷˮϢһ־ƺΧˮ֮һɶ
ҰȻ壬ӿʮǧٸħƺȭͷųâĳҶɱ˹ȥ
¡¡
춯صĺ𣬰˺ѿһռѷ죬񱩵޹ķӿ
ҰҶޣһδεĳײһûκεĻڣȴ˸𺳡
˵һδν֣ԶΧ۵˲ԼͬĵˣΨֱӸ
˶֮ʱһӰԽԽϹȻЦݣ˫峺û˿ʣ΢ЦһﻹǱ
ҽչһƽһòͨڴǰƾճһ㣬û֪γֵġ
Ťͷˣƺֱ͸ĵЦĵľһǿ͸㰡ʶ㣬һΪûκΪ
ľɫƽƵĵ󳾣޵˴˭ܿ͸㣿
΢Цûʲô˵ģÿ˵ĵͬˡڷҰ飬ô
ϼһĹˣ͸ˡľɱӿ
΢΢üû⣬ɴ˴ʥ򣬹ǧϵĶ޷Ҫβܽϼһ
ڼʱǰǧƣѾʧˡľƽĻӿȵɱ⡣
üë΢ָ֮ܵʱʱɢһϲ֮ɫսڣЦʧˣǷҰֱˡĳԹҲýˡ
ڹǧƣҰ뵽ˡ֮ƣǷɣľṩԴȪȻҲ޷ֹʥǿߵ졣ֹ⣬ŷҰ˷ɣľѾȻʧֻǾʿδӦˡ
סˡһƽ𣬷ҰҶ֮ͻأĶһӰ»λÿ顣
Ůûжκεվ˷ҰҶ֮䣬ҰҶͲԼͬסˡ

ϸ˵ҰҶ˶㹻ľء
ϴ󣡡СڳڰУŰеķҰ΢΢£ϹЦݡ
иֳһӵĴʤѩСڰУܸ֣ϲĺ˳ʦʦҿҵˣףҲڰҶڰ


1014 ˫
ҰСԴСһȭĿɨ΢΢Цλþò
ҶڷҰǰսڣշģ˵Ǽģ
Ұ֣صĵ˵ͷǧȷ
ҶüϼһĹɳǧꡣ
ĹҲǧɣСȻ뵽
΢ĿⶼϣҰҲЩȡһֱû뵽⣬ʮǰľǿߣ˵ҲӦñ赲ʥ֮⣬񵽵ܲμ콾ģһ
ƽĵ̨
лȻ̨ʱ侲ֹʮǰͷסԼӰ첻Ȼʮǰľǿߣȴߡ
󳾵дתȻĵ˵˵ļƻɡ
Ұ뿪ڣĿɨΧв˶жʱâչһסе쵶ͷڷ޷裬Ծ￪һ֮󣬷Բ֮ڣ飬ɱ⣡
ҰԭϾþòĴ̹磬ΧڶʿĶйι
Եţ£
ûнͣûзϻ˾ɱ
ҰҪоԸǧħûʱЩһ
ߣôĿԶһĺȳ
ʸ뵽ʥеʿÿһ˶Լʮǿ֮һÿжԼİոռʶ˷ҰɱۺǿߵһĻûŷҰȻҸΪС
ǵ˲䣬СڵӰʧԭء

һĲҺ˲ȻֹԶһӰ鿪ѪȾա
СڵӰٴγڷҰǰǴûжһ㡣
Χǿ޲ȻոշҰɱ˴ۺڵǿߣСҲһ˸ۺڵǿߣһɵ񷢲
ҰСЦЦСȫǱھٶ˿ˡ
Զдһ̹ǵƬʲôʱǵˣʵǿ󣬵ҪԿˣҲ̫ˣܽʥģ˭ûˢӣСӣϵڤ֥̫ˣʶĻǽɡ
˵ƮԷľλá
ңֱӾָҰϻڤ֥һٽҰ˷˼⡣Χ˱⣬ڤ֥ϢҲ޷ˡ
ڤ֥ǿǴ˵еİƷҩ˵ɱ䵽Ʒ
ȱƴˡ
ͷ¶β֮һһٵĵ˳峺еŴĹ켣һص˲񷡣
أ
Զİб鿪һѪһеĴӲ֮鿪
жʱѻȸոСɱ˻мѭɱ˿˷ʤڲ֪֮Уɱһۣ˶ɵ
Ұһɱ˸ۺڵǿ߾Ѿ˺ˣСں󳾸һУǶѵʶȺˣûһǵġ
֮˻ˮҲˣԶһͳľһԶȥ
ߣв˶˳ȥǿڤ֥ȻǺöȺԸײУǿнԲ֮ռΪУҶ˻ӶҪƴ
λѣҷǳҪڤ֥֪ܷ㻻ԶиĿħңңŷҰڡ
ףħ壿ɱľüë΢һһӾͳǸĿħǰɱΧƲ㶼ݡ
ħ壬ǸԲĳǿߡ
Բĳǿߣʥ֮УѾ۷ˡ
ħΪſڸҰ̸ҪȡҰеڤ֥ȴûϵľ˵־Ͷ֣ʱŭɫ񺿵
ħȫƬÿһƬ϶һħ˲ͽ֯һƬɫĴգŶľ˸ȥ
ľڰҡһΣû˿͸ƺһֻΪ׶ܿΧħƽƽһȭǸħϡ
꣡
һ֮ǸħϵĹѣƬ̾ͱ⣬׹
ľŲƣٴλص˷Ұ˵ߣϵıû˿仯Ψеɱʵʡ
һɱһ˺ɨһʱ
ľγ֣ͷɱĿɲһĴۣǸԲǿ߰ǿߣǿվʥ۷Ĵڰ
ڶľУ͸ɱûʲô
ľһʣµ˶ʶȺһһȺɱڽ׶Ҫɱֱɱ죡
ǶȺһﲻǲȺɱ񣬺ܿи˹ߡ
Ƭ֮󣬷Բ֮ڵʿ߰˰ˣʣʮ۾ǿԥǶĸ֮ڸԵжһʲôʱ˸ôȳǣ
ǣ󲿷˶ѡãǵɫ÷ǳѿ
ʱ䵽ɱҰĮĵ˳ǹճһĨײеЦݣͻأʧԭء
СŵЦЦĵ֪ʦƢ׼ǶְɣҾͿϷˡ
ԱϣС˫ֿһΧɽֳ˴˽֯ƣ˲γһ󣬽Բȫڡ
ѩܷܷ˶΢΢ЩݣСΪȻ֮ģϢľͲôķ淢裬Ҳѩܷܷ˶岻ѡ
ЩûҶƲ죬߲ʹâ˸ɱڵĳĸʿ
Сڡѩܷܷ󳾡ľ˶һˣԲ֮ڲʱһѤùâƬ̣Բ֮ȫЩΪǿļһȫ
ԶѾ˵Ŀж˼ɵֶڰңҿǶܵļʱĻ³͸Щһģһˡ
ҰС첼õ֮üë΢ĵС죬ˮƽˣ
Сĵʦҵ󷨿ɲˣѾԲóƷˣҪ˶ãҾܹƷҲó
ãԸǧħ֮ǰҪЩ׼Բ֮ںúõĲһҰ̾һٶԣ˫ֿһ⻪뵽ΧУһɹǿĿռ䲨Χгһһķ
СȵɫоԼĽѾˣû뵽ʦ֮Ҳô裬ɵø̾ʦʦ
ڷҰСŬ֮£ԲﳹױһƵ׵أһʶ͸ɱ
Ҷɵĵշģ㲻׼Կǧħɣ
Ұ΢΢һЦҡͷʥôöԸģôֻǲڶԸǧħ֮ǰ֦Щ˭õģȥɡڶԸǧħ֮ǰ¸ԵʵɣһսҪǿ̬ս
ŷҰĻ£ǰֳһıĵĹӨԲĵеڤ֥ȵȣЩÿһʮ


1015 ǧħ
öٰѹôۺ죡Ҷ⣬
΢Ӧ£üë΢ĵþĻ籾ԴϢĹѵйأ

˵ĿжһĨɫֻܹ֮ʮ֣ÿһֶǶһ޶ģҰóĵĹȻ˵ейأ
Ұ̹ȻĹǷɣľϵɣ驹ɣľں磬ʥ򣬾ϡ
ЩѣҰûκ˼
˶Ұ𾪵ľþԣҪ֪Ǵ˵еףҲÿ˶ܹģ˵ӵˣ
Ұ˹ĵλһֱǧħԭɣ
˶ЩɻĿ¶Ȼ֮ɫҶüë΢˵
Ұ׵֮׵飬һʵҶ
˵жЩɻ֮ɫСµĵҶʲô
ɵ̿ͷ²ɣǸı壬Ҳǻ
飿СڵĿг˾ϲɫ
ҲĿⷢ󳾸пû뵽СӾǴ˵еĻǧħ꣬Ǳ˷Ұˡ
˼ĵʮǰħɽ֮еģǻɣ
ħɽޣȻľ
Ұľ˵һ˲ףԭǧħǧͻ֮仹ôĶԹ
ʱɻˣ֮ʱ˻ԸӦǧħ϶ܹӦǾͿԳûնɱǧħҰϵ˵˳
˶ĳȣǵᣬܾˡ
Ҫõ̬ӭսǧħڣ׼ͻưɣλҰ˵˳
Ҳѡһŵеһɣ驹һڤ֥ǵδͻƵƷ۷壬ʹڤ֥Щ˷ˡҰɲô࣬ÿ˶һ꣬޷ͻƵƷĵزҲǵǿˡ
ԸǧħǲܵģǿˣɵǧħĻҲ
зҰһػҶ˶ʼΪĴս׼
ºѩܷܷСڡľ󳾡¡Ҷ˵Ϊﵽ˴Բ磬СһЩҲﵽ˴ۺ۷塣ڤ֥ЭǶδӵпƷ˵ﵽƷĵزСڡľ˵ǿȸǴﵽƷ۷壡
Ŵ۷״̬ˣҰһֱ͸ս⣬΢飬ʼɣ
ŷҰĻ£üƮȻһɾĻϢ˶һͨ泩ĸо
˵Ŀȫڻ֮ϣ˵ǶѾ֪ڷҰϣû⻹ǵһμ
һ꿪ҶÿһƬҶ϶⻪뵣ֳӶ״еЩһ꣬ÿһ϶ӡŸ̬ͬʮ컯̬
ǰĻ˵һʱ˵ü顣
ע⣬ҪʼˣӻϴһµĲ챮ЯħгڻΧγһ
ţ⻪뵣ÿһ鶼ƺҪתһ㣬һɹɾĻ籾Դ֮ӿڡ
ħ֮⣬˸ӦĻϢǲôˣȴӦһ޵Ĳ͸У֪Զ
Ѿ֪˻飬ƾⲨ޷Ʋ¸йء
ɱڼĻ籾Դҷӿ͸һɰڽɱ䡣
ʥǳңԶһ嫴УһƲУҰ϶ܹ֣͸ʮеһģһ
ǧħȻǧֱֻ۱˴˽֯ĳ־ȻǧħĶͣ£˫Ȼкڹⷭ͸һ˷ܵɫĵϢֳˣ
ǧħԱϣǧֱֻۿ趯ؽ͸һµƬ֮ǧħĶȻֹǸֳһĨΣյĻȣȻЦԭʥʥĹǵȻʧ춼ҵõ
仰£ǧħӰڰԽԽȫʧڰС
ʥУɱѾ˽ҪͷٿΧħһɹɾĻ籾ԴϯҰ˻ģʥеľʿӦ˲ѰϢв˶۹
ˢ
к׵ѿһ޴ѷ죬Լɵǧħд̤͸ϢѹΧĴںѡ
ڿ˴ʿظӦϢһӲͣס˽ŲĿ⺧ȻŰеǵߴӰÿ˵ɫǳѿ
ʥôܣ˶߽ĵͺԼͬ˺Ψŭʥħͷ
ǧħһĿͱħеĻ˹ȥ˫ųҵĹâ˵Ҳ޷еľȴԿ϶ǾҪĻ
ǧħ˳һƬҹĻԲȫڣ׸ĸӦÿһ궼Ψһģ׾ǿߣҲһܹӵУǧħɲ뽫Ϣй¶ȥ
뵱Ϊ˷סϢǧħصط޾£ֹؼʱ̣ȻΪΨֽй¶ȥ
ţǧħͳŻ̧ƣһȻг˳ȥֱڻϡ
ϼһүʱˣҰһâңڵʮǧٸħȫ͸һɺ嫵񶼹뵽ȭ֮Уӭǧħȥ
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ĺ𣬴ŽҰǧħ֮һ޴ĺڶһ
Ұεɲͣɫ΢΢Щףеսɳҡ
ǧħĿתƵҰϣֿԱߵҶľˣǸֳһĨЦݣɭȻ벻ϣҲɳ˾ˡϧʥɻϰˡ
˸ˣ߸ﵽ˴Բ磬ʣµһǴۺ۷徳磬ٶȣǧħоͷҰ˵ٶȣͬǧħɱ
ҶѱĵϹүܲĹѣҪĹ
ɱľĻɴ䣬͸ɱȴû񷡣
СһеĮĵ϶·ˡ
»֣ѩܷܷˮӿȫ뵽ڤڤ֮еĳ֮УС˸ÿ˵жȼս⣬ȫ˴ս׼


1016 黯
ʼϣǱǿˣҲֻǸǿ׳ϰˡҵģǣµɡǧħЦһָ̧С죬һźڽɫƬָӰֶ˲ϢСǰ
һָӰ쳣ʵÿһ̺¶أһ۾˵СһһӵеֱԿٵأ֮նִƬƬݣܻء
ڷҰһ˵УΪľС죬ǧħһĿѡС죬ҪСѪ
С˸ǿҵս⣬ų⣬һƬǺӡɽľȫʧϢȴΧÿһռ䡣
ǧħİԾһʱ˿մ޻һ㣬ȫ
ˡ
֮ΧɽͻأֳһƣƬնƵУӰǧħǸħָ棬ħָ߽⣬ܿǸħָɢڰС
ǧħüë΢ЩС죬е֮ɫ࣬⻹ԶԶ޷ﵽɵĳ̶ȡ
Сÿһռдǧħ㲻ǵķڳҲǵЩӵһǻѪ꣬ڣ
СǧħЦһ̧һֱۣһֻɫ۾ˢһ
ֻ۾ͻأһħ޿ײ룬Χÿһռ䶼ʼнɶΧɽֲľȺըȴδܷСټ
СƮħͷֻ𣿶ûʵûôǣţƤıµ˲١
ǰúõƷ󣬶һǶ󷨵ӣΪҾƲ𣿡ǧħɷϵǧֱͬʱ趯ÿһֻ϶ֳһֻɫ۾һɹɸͬǿϢÿһֻдǧһƵġ
֮£Ƭն·Ҫһ㡣
ǧħǴɣһʮᣬֻҪƬնˣСںηҴ֮
һϣҰкһڵÿһëжħ֮ÿһ缡϶͸һɿֲѹΧն
ҰһУԵ쵶УϷŶĿâһһǰİԾƣݺݵسǧħնɱ˹ȥһ飡
ڷҰֵʱҲȺ֡
ѩܷܷƬƬɫѩ趯ÿһƬѩ·̺һȻˮ֮Դһ𣬽Χķѿѷ죬ſǧħķ
Сͷڷ裬ħվڰУ˫ְڳһֵƣֳܸһɹĪһɻΪɨգ۶ô񱩵عƽԲγǧħֹȥ
λãȫ羧Өɣ˫»תֳǹһµĺƴ棬ſһһ㣬µգǧħѹ˹ȥ
ҶִԴת˫Ļ֣̰ɱڣƺܹ׽ؼÿһ˿ϸ΢ĳǧħǿйɱ
ľվڰУû˿ķƽû˿ĳǧħڳ嵽ǧħԱߵʱ򣬶ľϵɱȻʱɽӱɫʧ
峺дû˿ʣ˫ֿһ̳ͷ̶֮ɣ̵ĳ֣һɹ֮󳾻۶޿ײ롣
Ұһ֣ǧħ͸ǹƶʱ߽⿪
¡¡
ĺ֮𣬵âŽ»գ֮ŰƬض״򱬿ݣɽʯѣĩһ㡣
ǧħӲһÿ˶һѪڵĸоǧħͬ𾪣ЩжϰȻܹӲӲˣеЩ⡣
Ҫ֪ʱǧħı壡
ǧħĿɨ˷Ұһۣͻأʧ
һӣǧħͳ˻⻪뵵ĻڵأʱǧħҰ˾Ƚ˵
ˣ
챮ͻأĸֳһصĴӿԾ챮Ϊħֳָεطס˻ڵƬ
й⻪ĿŰϤ󷨣΢΢¶һ˿Ц
ʮǰԳԹȥӲħղޡٴμħЩꡣ
󳾡ľ˼챮ҲЩ⣬û뵽챮
¡¡
춯صĺ𣬾ĴҷӿǧħӰڰУ˫Ŀųħâ٣챮Ȼ󣬵Ҫ赲ҵı壬޿ܣ
ǧħ׼ٴγֵʱ򣬷Ұͬʱˣâ죬»ѩ׷ɣ˷ڣ֯ƣ볯ǧħк˹ȥ
ǧħŭݣ޾Ļ֣ǧֱֻ۷趯ÿһֻƵаĿжֳһħӰһ׹ϵͨŷҰк˹ȥ
بħϲ֮֡ħһָħءɲ㡢̫顭
ÿһħӰʩչһ־ͨ˶ħһ֣ƻأմƬƬı̮񱩵ϯҰ˻ġ
ֹ֮£Ұ˶һֱĸоʥĹǲʥĹжô׺
ʱ򣬷Ұһ˶ѡƴ
ҰȫÿһѨжħ֮Ϸ貵֮ɫȫ˳ŵ쵶棬һĳɫҲȫ˳
ͬʱҰȫƻãͬʱʩչ˶תƵͨ
ΣҰԼǿֶζʩչ˿ͨȫն鿪
ѩܷܷӰȫʧڰеһƬɫ󣬱أ˪ҫˮڣѩ׷ɣ罻渡֣ƹ֮һĶǧħ
СĿ絶ӿӿȵݿǰУبħħһָֻҪģȫΪ࣬޷κӰ졣
һƾո֣ÿһжСϢ˴˽֯һ𣬱ƬƬħͨ
ͻأֳӰÿһӰı壬֣Źϵ־ÿ͸һɲϢһ¸»䣬ֵӰ˲Ϣٴκһ֮ʣ͸ֱ׷ʥ
ǹλðЦݣȫɣһ¿׹䣬һһ㣬ǿƵǧħ
ľƽ˫ڳȵս⣬ÿһγֶƽƽ棬ȴһֻΪÿһĹܹһͨǧħڵء
ҶϹ⻪תϵԴ໥ܣԳһ磬ĥƽͨ
˫峺⣬ϵϢȴ֣ȫ֮Уͷתһ֮ɵϸ봩ʱգֱǧħһֻеаĿϡ
ۣ
һͳ촫ǧħֻеаĿ˲䱬ѿֻаĿгħӰҲɢڰС
󳾶ڤڤ֮еϢ׽ķǳزǧħô໯δʵֻҪаĿͿԱħӰ
ϣңǧħױŭˣǧֱۿ趯һ־ͨк˹ȥ
󳾿ٵˣɱһħӰʱѪɫ԰ףܹǧħıɱһ
ˣ
ڴʱڵƬ򷢳һ޴ĻϢȫ۹ȥ
Ļ⻪ԭسһ෢üµӢۣ꣬ȴ鶯͸ϢǴԲӵеϢһһƬϡ
Ұгϲ⣬飬ڻˣ


1017 
иŬڻΣҲû˿Ϣȴصĳϵÿһ˿ϢƬӦ
Ӵ֮޻ǻ
˫鶯Ĵ۾ĴһȦڷҰϣϲĽеϴһˣ
ϲˣڲǵصʱǧħ˵նרΪ칦ҰˬʵĴЦһĿɨǧħӿ޾ս⡣
֣صĵͷĿСڡѩܷܷС졢ҶɨЦλһսɣ
Сڵ˵ĿжЩ֮ɫ˵ҰոѾ˵˻ıǻʱΣǻЩš
ǧħϲ𾪵ɫûԤϵΪʮ֮һĻȻԻΣǧħѾȫӦ˻Ϣɱ⡣
벻㾹ȻܹΣߣֻҪɱ㣬һܹõǧħŭХ񷣬ǧֻеаĿͬʱһħӰаĿгٱʵһɹɿֲϯѹΧĴںѣȻ޷Ӵ
Ұףüͷ΢΢塣
ʥ磬ĸжۡΪǿۡԽԽ࣬ÿһۡҲԽԽǿһ£ʥһۡģҰܹ֮ǰħӰǶħԵʡ
ڣǧħƺ辶ԼǧֻаĿۡһǧۡͬʱҰħ嵹֮ͬֻҪܹЩħӰͬʱΪʵǧħͬһٳ嵽ʥԲ磡
Ұ˼תǧħо޾£ִѪħЩ˽⣬ǧħۡͬطؾǴħܳġ
ħħ֮ؼأֻڴ˵еʣԾأһлͨĿǣе󣬸ܴرԴ
ЩϢпܾǧħųġ
ǧħô궼δһǧħӰΪʵҰ뵽ԼʮǧٵħӰٸһͷƤ飬ҪôħӰͬʱΪʵ̫ˡ
ǧħŭһǿƵĳŻɱ˹ȥ
ϻܾˣ˫˸ɵ⣬ֳһҶӰ·Գһ㣬һص͸С
һңԶĻУһŻϢĹƣһſžӨ貵ӣߴΰ֣£ׯϣÿһжɢһĻ籾ԴϢ֣
Ȼе
Ȼ֣˫ۣ𾪵С
֣ǰİУһʵϷֳһԵĻ档
һ෢üµӢǧħţҰѩܷܷҶľһּ֣սǧħ棬ܹͨһ㣬֣ܹظӦսд
ħң֣ȼս⣬ֳԱߵһУϵεضһɹرԴϢתǿгſƬأ֣ٲ̤֣һʧڰУ֮ʧģ
ʩչͨûãȻоЩͷȥͼ֣Ծ˫Ĵ̤˳һЦ壬ڻˣҪ⹷ģң
֣
壡
Ұ̾˭Ҳû뵽֣ȻֱܹͨӴն뵽
ɫͬЩ𾪣ȴûж˵ϻС֣ǲϻˣȸɵǧħ˵
֣֣صͷŷҰѩܷܷһЦϻ籾Դ֮ƺ֯޾Դǧħɱ˹ȥ
ͬʱƴУ뵽ʮ۵İΧȦУӿϢѪ¯һ㣬һȭһƶ̺֮ÿһȭ£һ˵ˣ
ĳ˲䣬иӦ̧ͷգͼְգһĵĻ渡Ϸ
˲׷ʲô飬ȫľ񶼻۵ȭ֮УŻ˹ȥ
ˣ
Ծȭ͸޾ʱնֱӳڻǰһһǰİԾƣصĺǧħ
һУ绪ķѩбԴռ֮Уȫɫʰ쵵ʹ⻪ڸΧӦȻѩоѣĿУԥķԼǿһһбԴɱڵĴն
УΰڤŽһͷȳ⽴գĿսڣ˫ֿ趯һпٳͣգڻǰǿƵĹǧħ
෢ѪĻһϴ裬˫ĿȻգսⷭŭһһ潻֯ȸֶԽʱգɱǧħ
֮Уһͷ˺˫ĿаɨգЦҰͻ飬еӣȻھҪɱǧħҿҪһ
Ұ϶ܹϳ˵Ϣ͸ħϢһģһǷҡ
Ķһͷգֱǧħڷλɱȥ
ͬʱľơīӰ¡𡢳졢峾׾졢ԨǡİҲȺӦ˻ٻ˻˼սǧħһĻԹ׳ԼǿԽʱնȫǧħк˹ȥ
ٻ֮ʱٻȫΪﵽ˴۾ľǿߣֵȼǿߣʩչǿһʱƬձ飬ǿнǧħ뵽ҵĿռС
ɱ
ҰŭһкҶľһ𣬶ǧħĳɱ
¡¡
ڱڰǧħзһͳƺ죬ǧħӰΧǧħ÷Ұ˶һƥеĸо
ҰŭХһ쵶ų˲Ϣֹؼʱ̣ǿưԾѹǧħ
ǧħըһѪڣ췢һĲҺħӰҡβƻá
޾ʱգſһӲӵĻ棬лŽڷ裬ȷҰĳҪԾͬԵǧħϡ
𣡡Ұüë΢ȳߣڵı棬ӵз֮
ľ󳾡ҶȺ֣ŽǧħڰС
âŰţ޾˸ӿ޵ײÿ˶չֳԼǿֶΣҪǧħǿ


1018 ħ
黯ΣʩչĸͨԻΪý飬ͨ磬ʥڵʱͨһ𣬽ڶ콾Ըǧħ
콾ǧħ޷ˣӦһΣС
ԴǧħͻƵʥλһθܵϢܹͻƵʥ磬ǧħڤڤ֮еӦķǳ񣬼ȻθӦϢǾ˵˵ǳΣˡʱǧħϣǧֱͬʱ趯˺գҪʱ˴
ߣ°ɣҰڷ裬һɣľڱٸֳÿһɶ費ƽɣʮֻ״֦̬죬Ӳס˱գʮվɱͣǧħС
ɣľǧħϲĺ˳˫ĿзųȵĹ
Ƭؼֻʮ֣ÿһֶǶһ޶ģǧħ޾¶δܹõһ꣬ڣɣľͳǰʱ׵ȼ
ǧħӦϢɣľ㹻ðˣ
ǧħ˼ľͳɣľֻҪ˷ɣľòҲνˡ
ľ󳾡ҶҲǧħȴҰֹ˺󣬲̤֮У
Ұĺֹľȫˢˢֹס˽Ų
ˢˢˢ
ǧħ뵽ʮվɱУһͷͷƾղǧħɱ˹ȥ

ǧħһֱ̧𣬳ڳķ˹ȥ
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֮ǧħӰٺˣĿг˺Ȼɫ
ڸոյײ֮УǧħظоÿһͷڵΪһЩڶɱģû뵽ֻܹˣδʲôӰ졣
ˢˢˢ
ŽɫĹ⻪˸һͷͷٴֳ˷ǧħ˹ȥ
𣡡ǧħŭХһǧֱͬʱһɹӿȵ֮ϯڤħ¡ħһָبħȸͨһ𱬷ĳΧںɱ˹ȥ

ͷڶڰУǧħһɱ˽ڣ
ҰȴЦˣǧħʩչǿֶΣ˵ɱ˽ڣȴԼԨ
Ȼǧħһʩչ֮ǵȫǧħոʩչЩͨһԶĳǧħɱ˹ȥ
ǧħˣһͷһ㣬ʮվɱзɱܿٴնɱͷڣǧħҲըһѪڣƲᡣ
Ұɫ΢䣬ʮվɱȻסǧħ̫ˣɣľù⻪ࡣ
뵽ںгɣľʱ򿴵Ǹʥʬ壬Ǹʥʬ֪˷ɣľĻۡҪŷɣľԸǧħһ׵顣
ۼɣľĹ⻪ԽԽҰʮվɱ󣬽ŷɣľס˲ء
ǧħʮվɱԼͨײϵǧֱը룬ֱ۶ȫ鿪ˡ
ɱҰŭһȳǧħɱ˹ȥ
ڷҰ֣С졢ľҶȺ֣ÿ˶Լǿֶʩչ˿Ƭ񷶼鿪ܾ춯ء
ҲġǧħһĵħȻըѪ졣
ǧħ׻ҷ
ǧħˡҰ֣ľ˵϶ų˷ɵЦݣǧħһֱѹͷһɽڶ콾ڽǧħˣǶоһɡ
λѣԵټˡ鳯Żķλ˹֣ӰӰûȥϵҲʧ
ǧħصϣвս֮˵ϣһɹɾĻϢÿ˵ϡ
󳾷˿ңΨɴˮָӦ£΢ЦãӦˬǧħ޾£ǵĴǵһмȥңǧħ֮ȻҵأɣϣҶܹԼ·ɾ͡
ǧħҲһ׮ԸҪȥ׷ѰԼĴԵټ̴΢ţһ㶯䵭ɢڰС
ʥлвٵطŲܣһû̽أʹ˸ǣҶ˹˹֣Ц뿪̬
˴ѾʺңҾͲͣˣ̤۷֮ʱϣܼǣǣľƽĵһתߣһʧ˵С
ִ̧ع켣Χ׽ңЦѾû˹ƣ϶дﵽģǷɣľǻϵشҽ˴ˣֹһЩܲ鵽ʲôˣ׼ǰ޾֮иϣǻټĻᡣ
󳾵ڶƣӰȻҰʧġ
ʦʦ壡壡С죡ҵˣ֣ĻĿǼɫ
Ұ˵϶¶Цݣ֣˴˺š
һ̸֮󣬷Ұף֣ǷһƬ֮УŻ֮һǧȷҰ˷ĵطʺС
Ұ֣ļɻĵСӣʩչ֮󣬱˶ֻܴͨԽʱգΪȴܹ嵽
֣ļüŪۣѹصĵʦƬ֮Уҽҵõһڻ廯ʱزͻ֮д󣬱ԣû뵽еã
еС쾪
ؼֻܹʮÿһΨһģһ꣬
֣ĵǻм˵ҲˣҸյõûã͸Ӧ˻ٻȻ͵
ͷ֣˵ûҸով͸ӦСӵ˻湻ǿġ
֣ɫС˵˳ʦְ˫ھʲôҼٿӳ£
֣СƮƮȻһ䣬Ǳȵβ͵èƵģӵϱֻһ˿ӣѾſھҪٿţ㵱أ
һ˿ҲջˣҲ١С޳ܵļҪ
֣εҡҡͷժ¼ӣ͸Ұˣ͵ӿֻһӿɷӳЧϡһһţҲеô
Ұӹӣ΢Ӧ£Ӷв棬Ҳ֣ʹ
ͨոյԼӦ껵Ĵãڱ׷ɱǲǸЩʲô
۸СʦܣУҵȥæ֣Ŀйâտտ޲ھͳ嵽껵ߡ
ʲô˸Сʦܵ鷳ֱˣСߣ
顢СڡѩܷܷĿжɱŽ껱׷ɱǶоǳŭûԹۡ
飬ĸУҰѯ˳
ü΢ܸɴĵƴ硣
ϴһȥСѯʳ
·ߣƴ磡Ұֱİ壬Ŀɱڡ


1019 
Ұһ˳УԶϢһ磬һĿ¶֮ɫ
ǵΪ϶ﵽ˴Բ磬СΪԽϲҲﵽ˴ۺھ磬Դգٶȷǳ졣лָ·µȫٸ·ƴ⡣
⻹ǵΪԵʣܹﵽʥ磬ͬǧħһ㣬ֻҪһͷͿԴգֱƴ硣
ƴ𣿡С֮ɫ
С´һӦˣ˵ƴǾļǧ֮һ˴ĻϢŨӦƴûˡ
֣˫΢գתһĵϣ˶ƺ뵽ؼĻ֮СƬ֣֮˫ۣԼŴǧŨü΢΢𣬳ƴڽ޷ӦСʦܵľ巽λֻܽ뵽ƴ֮ˡ
ǾȽȥɣҰܸɴĵһȳ·ȥ
ݣҰһ˽뵽ƴУĿɽ󴨣һɽƶˣһӿӷڲݣڣϼʱ鲼׳
ҰϸӦ껵ϢֻһЩģĸӦԼֻܸӦ껾ǷǳңԶ޷Ӧ̫ҰףΪƴڽԵʣÿ̵֮Ķǿأ˴˽֯ڸ
ңƴɱȺĵΧҪö࣬ټ껵Ĵã϶ԼϢЩؼ㷽Ұ˶ϢǳϤҲȷ껵ľ巽λ
ҰܹӦ껵Ĵλã²ԥк֣һһδ˺գٳԼӦķλ˹ȥ
ңԶһɽɽ֮УڵУ߰˴ɼǵ˺ۣ˿ڴźɫѪҺ䣬źɫĹ⻪֣ʴϵ˿ڳٳ޷Ȭ
˿˿ƵĻϢ뵽ڣڵȴ޷Щɫ
ʱ껵ΪѾԷˣֻΪػҰĸĸˣһֱѹԼΪȵҰĸĸ֮껲ѡ˷껵Ļ񣬸һͷƴУһǴɽ
Ѱ·ʱ뵽˸Сɽ֮ССɽе˶ʿմȾ쳾껱ͳһСɽ壬طһĪиУﰲ껵һȭֱָԴǳ죬СɽеദҲǳǢ
һգ߱˵ļһɱ˹˵ľͿʼɱСɽе顣껺Сɽе˶ŭգֿȴ޷ֿס߱˵ĲۼԽԽСɽеЩЭͨһʱ֮ţ껺Сɽеļ˶ǿˡ
ϧ߱˵Χ֮£СɽеǼ˶Ⱥֻʣ껻;У껴˵Ŀе֪֮߱Ҫ¾ǣΪ˵õѰͼѰͼʲôҲ֪νѰͼʲôط
껶ʲôѰͼģֻһͷǾ߱ˣ
껵һȭֱָԴ;УΪԽԽǿҲʼŻɱ߱׷ɱˡùʹ򣬴򲻹ӣӲգթô굹ҲˡһΣʩչĸͨ껷ǿһ¶١߱ٴ껣ƴɱһѪ·ȴٳ޷ȥϵ֮
Ȼ˫ۣ͸һɱ⣬ˢһ³
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ɽȻ飬񷣬֪嵽յʱ򣬰кȻֳһѪɫ֣껵ĳ徢Ѫɫһȴδܳ֡
һĿɨΧ
ʮ˵Ӱƾն˴֯ƬŷصܡǲѪɫ֣Щ˵֯һγɵķ
Щ˵ΪȫǴۣңǴеٮٮߣԲǿ߶оλ֮࣬ʣµҲⱾĴۼǿߡ
Щ˵ΪӦ֮껵ǳ뵽˹ȵףʮλ۾콾һѾʵʩƬضҪӳȥϣ΢΢
껣ɣͷһλԲĽӱһȻ»ӡ
Ŵ˵Ķʣµʮͬʱ֣춯أһأ󷽻񹭣ƴ
Щ˵ĳ֣Ǿϸѵģ˴֮ĳӦ֯һ޵ɱһκλᡣ
Ŀ絶ɨΧûȥƻ޵Ӵܣ߱˵˽ֶΣЩ޵Ӱ˿Ͳڵʵڶʱڸûϣܹƿʱ껾Ǳеһ㣬ȫ뵽ķ֮УֻЩһȫԼᣡ
ȭأ
껵ĺзһӴŭȫľ񶼻۵ȭ֮Уܣֱųɱ˹ȥ
һȭƬصڰѣƺ껵ȭƶĤһ㣬껵ȭƾǾµĵһУԾء
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춯صĺײһԭرһɹɿֲըһɹӿȵϯҰ˻ģ񷶼ըѿһϸ΢Ŀռѷ졣
껵ӰڰУұըѪڣ޵ѪŽ껵İȾ죬ֻһ˫۾һȡ껵˫УʣµΨоս⣡
ಣಣಡ
껵Ӱոոֳһƿ֧ƿնգ۵껵ǰĵڶֵˡ
˫Ŀйâ絶ʧڰУֻʣһâɵĽɫȭͷȻĳ֧˹ȥ
ٴζһѪڣѪ졣Ѫ֮ӿѪҺٴλһɰбĿ伺ս¡
ˢˢˢ
һâٴγ껹ɱ
߱˵Щ֮ϼã˵ʮһֶԸ껣ȴû˿⣬һδεĹ껵Ϊ껱ϾֻһˣÿһӲס۵ĹڵѪѪ߰ߣȴҧţû˿
ͬʱ˿޵Ҳڻţȵ޵ȫ֮껾ͳ֮㣬ִֻ³
ۿ˿ѾƽΧ֮ڣ껵ǲɵ¶һ˿ɬЦݣѵҾҪ
ͷոշ𣬾ͱǿ飬껵ٴθֳǹɳս⣬ȼգĵһûٴμʦͼλʦֵܣһûȷǧħǷһûе߸߱ˣһṳ̂۷壬Ҿܾ
һδεУеս֮ԽԽĳһ˲䣬ϵʮѨ֮жһ⣬γʮУΧһ
ˣ
ںȻһ֮ȫųһҫ۵âʮӰܸ˳ǿбƽ޵˿
ף˾ȻǰѨ飬ߣ츳˲Уҹζ࣡߱ͷ˾ȵ˵һű׼ǿ껡


1020 ľ
ʥ֮ǰ;Ѩ飬һ㵽׷ɱ껵ʮ۶ǴеٮٮߣҲûһܹѨ飬һһԾʮѨѨ顣
껾Ѩ飬Χɱ껵ʮȫɫأٸʱ䣬һʩչԼǿֶΣһк
һʱ䣬â裬ѪɱݺᣬŽƬض״򱬿
ֳܸһɫӰѪһͭ¯һ㣬ѹƬضѣȭͷųùâǿƵĺ˿ֵķʮӭ˹ȥ
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ĺؼ䲻ʱѿһ޴Ŀռѷ죬ƺҪһ㡣

һۺڵǿ߱һȭͷ­ѪȾ˰գĵ׵ɱⶼȼ֮ʱˡ
˵ǰʮѨ飬Ķ̫ǿˣҲ̫ˣʱ䲻ãϾͲѪۣÿһɼǣѪڰȾĹʡ
ԴӸոձ͵Ϯնɱһ֮˶־裬ÿһιϹ껽Ļᣬһʱ֮䣬һҲɱ
ϵѪʣѪʣ껸оԼڿʧȥĻѾ֧Ų˶ˡ
ͣ
һɫ񽣴´͸һԲѪɫϵѪĵ껣ڣɣ
Ŀɭ껣ʮһ껹ɱ˹ȥ
껵ĿиֳһĨ֮ɫʮ֮ʱ껵ĿкȻֳһĨ貵Ĺâϲ
ˢ
նȻ˺ѿҰ󲽴˳˲Ϳ˳еƣŨüɱһƬأɱ֮سʮ۹ɱ˹ȥ
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ײ֮𣬹껵йҰǿûκιϡ
ʦ껼ĺ˳
ӣܿˣǶˣЩһʲôҰ껵˵ͷ˳ֶ껼񵤣Ȼָһ
ļһҲ߱˵飬𣿡ոǸֳֽɫ񽣵˳

ҰȳĿɨӣһһΪģ˹ɱ˹ȥһʩչΪεͨ˶ԭءݺύ£ͽ˷ʬڰС
ҰĶޱȣ˻ûüԮǸӾѾ˷ҰУҰʵǶһ𾪵ĸо
˿ɲһĴۣһ۷ǿ߰
һоͱҰˣ˶ڷҰǳļɵ
λγƺ߱ˣǷʲô᣿һɫصѯ˳Ȼ˶࣬ǶҰʵסˣ֣Ҳûܹ·ҰǿɲƽǵһС
׷ɱСʦܻ᣿үһֱŭ֣ΰڰУϢҷڣؼĻϢ糱㳯֣۶ȥĽո˵ѹħ
ʦ֣૳ޱȡ
ɱ
һŹ
ҶҴֶӣŪǣȻƷ߱ˣ
ѩܷܷС졢СڡȺ֣һŭųΧĴ۹ɱ˹ȥһʱ֮䣬ѪĽܿͰѲȾ졣
Ⱥ첻µزµļһʥˣЩۣڻ¡
һ棬߰˸۲˷Ұһ˵УȫɱҴЩ߱˴۶еεѣȫû˴սͷӬֻӴܡ
ˣ
ؼȻֳһƣǿнЩ۶ѹ˻СովѾϢĲһ󣬽ƬȫסܵĻᡣ
Ұ顢֣ڵɱȫ˳գ۵Ĺʣµ߱˴۶¾
϶ЦݣȺк֪ǧħ껵̬ǰδеķɡ
һֱ껶ǽ񾭹ӣûɹҰЩˣ껵񳹵׷Ҳص£ľƺЩɱ䡣
ӵ״̬̫ãҸطˣȵ״̬߱˱֮ʱҰܸɴ˵˳˺գһʧԭء
Ƭ֮󣬷Ұһ˳ڰһɽУѡ˸ŵɽͣҰСֲһ󣬽ڣֹ˴껡
зҰţ껿ȫĵлָΪָļ졣껻ָʱ䣬ҲڵԼ״̬׼껻ָ֮ȥԸ߱ˡ
Ǵ껿е֪߱вֹһʥ򣬵ǿɲû׹ʥ֪߱ʥڣҲ޾塣
껵˵״̬ʱ߱˶ˡʮͬʱ䣬һǴеٮٮߣǷ߱Ȼ֮УҲ˽ˣǵи߲ȫ
߱ܲڵһɽ棬дϵʿȫɽϵĴУϰ֮ࡣ
˵ЩȫǴۣǸΧɱ껵ЩȣЩ˵ˮƽҪһΣԲǿֻȼλ
ڴλãһĿ꣬˫ף͸һɸ߸ϵĮ顣
ϰλ۶ͷǸ꣬Ⱥ귢һĴҳ
껷һȦĮû˿飬Įĵ߱ʮ˸۾ǿ߾նûгˣǶ߱ϵƣ߱ߣ֮ˣ޷Ʋֻ̫࣬Ʋ֮˲ʥȸ֮صΧϸҳЩ˵ķλȷλ֮͸ҴϢһԳɱǣ֮߱
Ը·Ӧŵ
ȥɡʥһӣ˴Ӵʧ
еڶ۲ڴмͣһ˳Ԧ⣬ֵĵط˹ȥ
껵˵Ϣĵط֣Ȼ˫ۣĿҰʦոоΣڿһʥǰҪ׼ˡ
֣˵֮ʱ껵˶Ⱥ붨˵״̬϶۷壬껵ƾΪҲָ߰˳ɡ
֣ԣҰ΢Ƭ̣ѯʵӣǷ֪߱˵мʥ
ݵ֪߱йʥһǸʥƴʥ֮Уƴĸһʥһֱ֮߱У߱˵һʥڰǰȥˣ֪
Ұһô˵߱оֻһʥ
˵ǣʥܹ½㣬߱Ƿʥһ治ȷ껳ɵ˵˳
ҰһЦиֳһĨ֮ɫɱڵĵ٣֣ӦΣտĿܾʥ߱гľֻһʥϿȷʥʥʥ߱˵ϳض飬²˳٣ھȥ߱˵ϳô˻ǵѣ


1021 ɱ߱
飬й֮ͨһͬźӴʥעʥҪ֣һʱ򿪿ռͨźߣҰŻ鶣˳
ϴ֪أں߰ɣʥ˺ǣһͷɫƮݻӢ
֣صͷ֪߱ж֣϶ΣգŷҰ˵ʵҲҪǻϵģûпֹҰľңҲ֪Ұ飬ûֹ
ҰС֣ڷԲ֮ڲ²ȫǶԽԽ죬󣬼ֱ˺Ȼֲóһ߼󣬽ʮνһγһķ󣬷档
뵽֮УʥҪҲҪһӣ
ʥǿߣ˲ͿԴգܳɱ߱˵ѣҪһʱ䣬Ҫ취סʥרΪʥ׼ģֻҪдϵϢҿͿֱӱɽ档
󣬶ԻȴûӰ졣Ұʥ֮һʱ뿪
²˳٣Ұһͽ˺գѩܷܷСڡ֣С뵽˿ռѷ֮УϢȫʧԭء
ƴռǷҰ˻϶ǴԲǿߣΪС죬ҲǴۺڵǿߣƴľ˵ʲô
ʱ˲ãҰһ˾߱˸УԼϢû˿͸
λã߱ǿϢ׾ͿԸӦֻҪʥ뿪ǾͿŻ߱˵ѣ
󣬻껵Ӱ߱˷ˣʮϢ߱г𣬳ǸոոϹķλ׷ɱ˹ȥţһѹʮصϢ߱гǸӢ׷꣬θոճ֣̤һһʧߣӰ٣ʥ
Լһʱ䣬ҰƲʥӦѾˣٳɣͺһ˲߱ܲ
ڷҰѩܷܷСڡ֣СҲ𣬿ֲѹͷſգۼʧ֮߱С
߱˵ĸɽ˵ҲһӵĻɽڣʥոմ뿪ҲǸողŹرգδüͱҰ˳뵽˸ɽ֮ϡ
Ұ뵽ɽڶٻһΪģ˸ҰѸĳ˷Ⱦ˸ɽΪߵİˣչ
ͬʱ֣ܻӿСڻΪ࣬ѩܷܷΧˮϢԶԸɽϵĴչ˹ɽҺһ䡣
С죬˫Ŀиֳһй켣ٷӦ߱˵ڣƬ֮С㾪ϲĺʦɽɽٵһӦþ߱˵Ĳرڣ
СĻδ䣬оͳһɵУɢϢ෢Ļ˳˳ոմгϲʤĵʥѾڴˣϴٲرΣͽˣ
ܹκ󷨣ٵӣڻ˵Ҳʲô¡
ڶߣӰѾʧ껺СһۣԶ߱еǿչɱ
󲿷ִ۶ʥȥ׷ɱȥˣʱɽϵģһ֣ԼʮۣƬ̵ʱ䣬Щ۾ͱҰ¾ĸɸɾһЩҪҷҰƴĻҲ˳ɱˡ
ˢ
ӰͻأĳڷҰǰƵĵϴɽйȻ߱˵Ĳر⣬Ҷϴٸɾˣ
ɵúãʥӦÿˣǵɽţ뿪Ұϵ˵˳ѩܷܷһϲ񷣬ֳ쵶ȫע뵽쵶֮Уݺݵس·ɽն䡣
һӰĵâŭն£ƺŲŭǿưԵĺڸɽϣڸɽһǧɵĺ蹵ֻǣɽǸ󣬾㷽ҰֹɱԲǿߣҲԶɽ̫ƻ
ҰһиֳһĨɫ׹⣬ˢһ³ʣһס
䣬գۼͽɽڣΧɽڣֲڷӿصĲںƵ˼Ұرɽȱȫ
߱ܲڵȫԭӣٲȻһƬĩյľ
ҰкСڵ뿪ȻоһڤڤеȻ֮
Ұ΢΢£û뵽߱˵ܲȻ֮䣬֮ϲӦøŵйأ߱˵ܲȻ˼õԹĺô
֮ƴޱȣ̺žĻٲŷҰڵգ۾ͽҰĵȫ˻һû˿ֹͣ˼
ҰѾͣڴԲܾˣѾͻƵʥˣֻΪԵʣʼ޷ͻƵʥ硣
֣֮ͳΪѹյһݡҰظӦʥԼ֣
飬ǿ뿪ԽԶԽãѹƲסԼϢҪͻˣҰŻԸ˳
΢΢£ĵϴΪ㻤
ҰŨü΢Ҷɽٵʱֻ˵ķݣûҶɽٵʱңϻ˵ߣҿѹƲסˣٸӦǣ
ݺݵҧҧеһռŻǿнѩܷܷ֣˶ˡ
Ұ״ŽԼΪȫͷ˳ֲѹòɫԲ֮ڵ鶼ܵҪһɷĲ
˲һںڵƲ㣬ƺƴ綼ڣƴһӴӰ˺ҹϵĺиɫ׵˸͸һɹɿֲ
ƴеʿȫˣͨ飬Ϊǿʥʱȫ𾪵Ų񷣬һ㷲
٣ʥٶҪǿʮʥҲ˼ʶжɵ÷һѹλܶɽʧܣǷƴ綼Ҫ᣿
ʥڴ߼г˳Ŀѵ߱ܲڣ߱˷飬ٸӦһЩ֪߱ڸոѾ˸ˣ޲Ͼɱ߱ˣ֮ʬΣ
ʥԼٶʩչ£߱ܲڵ򣬾͸ܵһǿϢϯžƴĽֽ֣׷ƺҪһ㡣
ʥ¶ߺ޵ڸɽӽƵǵͦӰ˫Ŀ𣬵ȴҿΨֱٸӦ
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ֲ䣬ŻصϢͦɽķҰȥ


1022 ͻʥ
׽ٹ䣬ÿһ׶˿񱩵ĻϢҰûڹ֮УȫӰ
ٱȷҰκһٶҪǿһӴҰ÷ҰըϸС˺ۣѾʥһ¾ܹˡ
Ұڵλ߱˵ܲڣٸո£ͽ߱ڣ߱еЩ󷨲Ƭ̣ȫ߽⣬߱գۼͱһƬ
ʥɱâŽɫһƬ˫ȭգȭͷ𣬺޲ھͽҰǧС
ҰɽٵĶ̫󣬽ƴĴȫһǧ궼δϹŶԼıչ֮˳ĿҰɽ֮أжεľ¡
ǵʥ֮ʱҲûܣǵʥٸҰʥȣǾС׼ˡ
٣ƴ磬Ǻڳ׾磿иɷǵİ׷ɫصѯ˳
ԣһͷɢҵĸƵͷһ֣¶ŴǸСӣֻڳ׾磬ڶʥ١
ʥ٣ôʥ٣ȷڿЦ𣿱˵ƴˣ֮УҲδ˵ǿʥ١ɷǵİ׷Բš
߱˵ĵ̣ʥʲô߱ﲻѩһɣɽٰɽŶˣҲ湻ģһƤµʥ
˵ĿҲʥϣȴʥĴ𸴣˵ĿжЩֻɽű٣ǲ֮𣬿ٵʥǵһ
һָоƴ磬Ҫˡ
ʥɫǳѿߵҲʶˣ˻ɽţұɱ֮
ڴʱһƮƮӢƮȻǰиֳŭɫĵ⣬ô£ɽŶˣô߱˵ģ
ʥɫγˮǼйأ©֮İ֣мͬΣ˵ôˣ˵״ǶɽʧܣáǶɽٳɹɽ֮ͨʥֻһλᣬոնɽ֮ʱ֣һ֣һĻɳҿ¶Ը
Ǹ꣬Ȼ߱еʥ֮һʥеģʥ
ʥ˵ͷĿĴһȦǼΧ۵ʥ˵ҶʥеˣǵּҪάƴİӻɽţǶƴƣϣλܹһ֣ȴӶɽϣ֮ͬԷԺƴϣ
ʥҲ˷ҰĲΪ˰ȫϣԽʥеЩһȫˮ
ƤϸֳһĨŪɫɵĵʥ˵ȷҪάƴİ˲δƴƶȷκӰ죬˽˶Թɣ
ҡͷԵĸ͵Լ飬Ƕ಻ִ޷ְǶԸˡҲ֪ʥףնɱʥϣɲܹΪʥĴڣ˭ûиͨο˵ٶˣǿźľ콾һ֣ܷ´ˣҲһðȻһˣʵǲǰ
ɷǵİ׷ƵЦЦһǿߣȻƽ޹ʵȥǣû˻Ը⡣ʥոᵽġǵǺܸȤֵó֣Ҳǲܳ֡
Ƥ˵Ŀⶼڸʥʥϣܻôã۽ëǿյģոոʥʥ̸ǿǶע⵽ˣ͵ǿء
ʥʥһۣ˴˽˸ɫʥûʲôʥ޾еõһ֮ģȴڻеĳطһ֮ķ߱ˡЩһֻ֮γ֮ʱļ©֮ˡλԸ֣Ըλ֮ģ
֮ģƤüë΢΢ǹճһĨЦΨлһӵĻС磬ܹԻһ֮ģʥ湻ĺİ˵ˣʥʮѨԲʥڣҪնɱˣҲǲܣʥױںδǷҪǳֽȣ
ʥߵʥ飬ͲˡҪæͰǰնɱɡ
Ƥ국ĵ֮ĵȷǸ챦̺ӴĻ羫ӵ챦ϿһԲǿȵͻƵʥ硣ǷֿЧҪۿˡΪһ֮ģһֵá
ӼѰͷǳҲǲԣ𣬻̸̸
ҵãʥƺЩû˵̹棬ͱܱˡ׷ͬҡҡͷ
ߣ˶ɽ֮֮ʱȻǲǣԼʥһٶԡ
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ҰУڵľתת׽е뵽ԼʮǧٸѨ֮Уڵۡ
ͬʱҰʶеҲţӾӨ貣Ͼ
̺ſֲĻ֮֮Ҳ̺Ŵ绯ټڵķɣľΪҰṩľڿɱš
ﬣ
쵶ӷҰгƥĵâب񷣬޾׺ӲΪ룬쵶˿˿âԶת׺е
ˣ
ȻҰϷһ֮ʮǧٸѨиԸֳһϢǿħӰÿһħݶҰһģһγһħ׺кѹѹһƬľ
ʮǧٸħȫǷҰڵѨۡҰоԼ׽ٵ̫ˣֱӽڶۡȫͷ˳ۡԷ׽е
ڷҰʮǧٸħһͷųʱ򣬴Ƥꡢ׷ߡʥʥ˵ɫˢˢıˣ΢죬εĵʵɣҸ˿ԩ޳𣬲ǳʲôۣ飬Ҷˡ
׷ߺƤͬҡҡͷһ仰ûж˵Ŀгء
ʥʥ˴һۣжֳɫ֪ЩһǲҸҰˣҪնɱҰֻܿԼ
𣡡
ʮǧٸħŭ𣬽ϵһգʲô鶼ûзһ㣬ȫû˿׽ٵټ
ţҰʮǧٸħһ뵽Ѩ֮УԼһ͸һɸѹƺǲİһ㡣
ʥ磡


1023 Ϣ
ҰǿͻƵʥ磬쵶ǴﵽƷ۷壬ڵħ˵δȫʵҲʵһˡ
ϸ˵ʥѾֳкˣﵽʥ֮󣬾ҪһھѨеܹۡۡ࣬ӳʵͻǿֻҪʮѨȫۡͿԳĺϵ
ҰħԵʣڵۡͿʼֻΪҪ̫ӴһۡûֻǰʵǣڵۡͬģڵۡȫֱӺϵ
ȻۡԽ࣬ϵ֮ʱѶȾԽ
ÿһۡҪǺģЩʥһܹۡǳޣҰͬʱ˶ۡû˸ҳԹ
ҰԼһָоͻƵʥ֮ѾڵķɣľˣֻҪܹɣľȫҪʮǧٸѨۡȫҲǲܣ
ڣҰǧħ뷨ֻҪܹõκһǵȴǧ꣬Ҳֵõġ
ͻƵģǷҰı壬ĵڶͣڴԲ磬űľ򣬵ڶͻƵʥ磬ֻʱ⡣
ˢ
ȻһɫӰϢ˷Ұֳһɫ񽣣ֱָҰĺԣɱͻأնǿ˺ѿһɼĿռѷ졣
ʥ
ҰǸֳһЦɱȻĵܾˣ
ҰĻδ䣬Ƴȭݺݵűɱ˹ȥԵȭѹնڰ
ﬣ
ȭͷ뽣ڰײһ𣬷һţ˲ĿУʥе񽣴飬գۼͳױڰС
ʥɫ󾪣˼ȥӰҪͨߡ
𣡡
ڴʱҰڵѨ֮д޾ħŭ֮һɶ͸Ƭ񷶼ڣʥǱ鶳סһ㣬ڰգ˿޷
ҰȭͷƸ죬ڸʥδӦʱһȭϣʥԴƵı鿪ˣ̺ܵʥ֮Ѫգնʴѣþ޷ָ
һʥվƴ۷޾£һɱ˶еͷȫһȼϵս
ʥŸʥһֵģҰİԵ֮ͻأĸֳһƬĿĹâ˲ʧԭء
ߣҰЦһ̽뵽֮Уһק
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ʥӰֱӱק˻ʥĺץһСƵġ
֪ڣֻҪһҾ͸Ѱšʥ˻ߵĺ˳
Ұüë΢סʥʺʥںСţҰüˢһ³һǿʶֱӡʥ֮УֱӶʥѻꡣ
ܿ죬Ұ͵õԼҪϢʥļлϢʥļУ߱ǿʥһǧ磬õһ֮ģһõڵأ뵽Ļ֮СǣʥûѰͼ뵽Ƭ֮󣬾һֱУֻܷųһ֮Ļع飬߱˵˴ΪѰѰͼ
߱һֱѰѰͼϢŵ֪ڵСɽѰͼйأСɽ˽ɱʣѪȴδõйѰͼֻƬ
Ұһʥ㳹׵ʥҰȻŹ
ڴʱҰиӦһԣͼʥԼ￴˴֮νԼγһȦҰΧм䡣
ҰǹճһĨȻЦ⣬ԼѹͷųѹڶʥϢ΢ͣѱĵôλ
ڶʥ˴һۣǸ׷ЦеĿڵλѣ徻ŵ徻ʥǻ¡ðһ䣬֮˵Ƿʵ
Ű׷ߵĻڶʥĿȫ˷Ұϡ
ƴʥ࣬ҲжʮʱһӲҰѹȥ
вңҰ΢УΣյĹº˪
徻ʥɫ΢ڸոգܵһֱļɱ⣬һֱĸо뵽ף徻ʥɫƽЦв㲻ϣҶʥᵽȴʥѻֽ֮֮նɱѵ̲ɣ
徻ʥո£ͼҰӰԭͻأʧδӦͼһԾصĵһӣʶ뵽õĻ֮С
ҰӰ徻ʥովУе쵶أڵѪ徻ʥѱ쵶ն룬׹ȥ
һնɱ
ʲôߴߴĳвҰɲһף
һĻе˶סˣСҲ̫˰ɣ˼Ҷ̧ˣ֣һ˸ɾ䣬˫κεĿɳ֮ʵǵ죡
˭ҰĿĴӳɨÿһס˶Ǳһͷ޶סһ㣬˸֮ӡ˶Ծ˼ΧŷҰ
˼̨ģһһˣʮӣҲɱǰǸ۲۵ķӣ
Ұĵĳᱻв๼ֻǣ֮˵ٰˡֻ߱ǵõϢȴ֪巽λڡĻ߱Լ᲻ȥѰңʥô˵ֻҪҪ˵ľЩŲţǾڸλˡ
Ұ˵֮ͻأʧԭأʥŸԳ˿
ŷҰǶһСڱеĸоָоǺܲܡ
˵Ǽ٣ûеõλڣɻѯ˳
Ƥת뿪һʵңңǼ٣ûϵˣѵ㻹׷ȥɣ
дڣϢ￪Ҳ䲻У׳֡и׷Ů˵һԽԽʧڰС
徻ʥĺ̨ף׻ҲһΣ˻ˮ˵ġһŵʿҡҡͷһһģܿԶȥӰ١
߱˱֮Ҳ˴УҪ˶ãͻһʥ֣ƴĸ֣Ҫˡ̾Ϣ
٣ʥپͿ׽ٵģҲδػСƴǿ鱦أ˻δܿϣôʲôǻȥʵʵչȥඡһŹչɢڰС


1024 Ĵʥ
ڶʥ̸֮ʱҰӰѩܷܷ˵ǰ
ϴͻƳɹˣȷ˷ҰϢϲĺ˳Ҳӭ˹
ҰЦЦɹˣ˳߱˵ĸʥʥˣԺõˡ
мŷҰ֣صصʦҴСɽλллллǱѪ𣡡
ʦͽͲ˵ЩˡҰ껰˰֣ȻֵˣҶʥѻ꣬õһЩϢƺ˵Ѱͼйء
Ұ㽫ѻˣϸ룬ЦʦһûκιѰͼļ䡣
ҰԸ껼壬ЩŹ֣ҸоΪͻƵʥ磬Ϳ֪νѰͼǺˡ
ƴʥǳϡ٣ҪͻƵʥ磬̸װҡͷ̾Ϣ
ʵҲѣҸմ߱˵Ĳرõ˸СȥˣҪ˶þܹͻƵʥˡ˳ֶһָ㱦ڴָ֮УܹеһɹɾĻ羫
˶Щ棬֪ʲôıܹͻƵʥ硣
ҰЦŵͷ֮İɣãúʡ
æֵʦͬڴԲ磬Ҹʺⱦ
֮ǻı̿ԵĻ̫֮ʺܷܷҰҡҡͷסѩܷܷ֡
ѩܷܷЦЦ껶ƴˣģŰɡ
ʦǻ壬Ҹʺϣ껽ֵָݸ֣
֣˰֣һۣСӣС˭֮Ķ˵ûʲôãҪ˶ãܹͬΪʥ˵㶯֮ͻƵĻҪ硣ˣţ
ֿСںС죬СЦǺǵĵӣˣڵ۾δԲҲá
С껵ͷЦˣͻƵʥ磬Ȼڹǿɶ
СЩľң֮ĸ껣˶û
һ껲ٶԣ֮ص
Ҹոɱ˸ʥ״ڣΪ˰ȫƴʱܴˡ߰ɣȥգǸҸطչˡҰĿˣѯ˵ͬ⡣
޵չض˵Ѿû̫ˣҪȥطȥоϵ󷨣иԴС˸ǡ
Ұ˲δֻǶҪСġ
Сѡ񣬷ҰǷǳֵ֧ġЩܹ֮ĳɾͣΪÿ˶ԼĵᶨƵִ׷Ѱ
С뿪֮˶ŷҰգ˻֮С
ҿ뿪Ŀ죬Ǹո뿪ʱһǿʶɨƴ磬ȴδõκõϢֻŭһʶ
޾ҪҵһˣҲǲ̫ܵ顣
ҰոͻƵʥ磬Ҫɣľڵۡȫ۳ĵڶҲҪͻƵʥ硣ѩܷܷ顢Сڡ֣껵ҲҪչǱޣû˸Сһȥα䡣
Ұóٵֽ򻯰ħ˳˽չ֮С
ҰΪȹ׾磬ҪģȫɣľԼѨۡȫʵͬʱڶʥ硣
󣬻鲻ĳΪʥٶûС뷽ҰһͬҰͻƣҲܵ˺ô̶̰ʱ䣬ͳɹͻƵʥ硣
֮󣬷ҰĵڶΪʥѨûеۡҰıȣսһأٴȥȥˡҰıɣľȴֻһС֣ۡȫʵһξ롣
ʮ֣ɹͻƵʥ磬ϢӿѪغ¯һ㡣ҰĵڶΪ߼ʦ
ͬһ꣬껽֮ϣ̤ʥ硣
ӣϲˣҲ̤ʥˡΪ˵ûɣõ֮ģҲûҵٶȿ죡껵ٸոʧ֣ͳߣûûεĹЦüŪۣǷ
껵˸ս⣬ЦҪʦֵܣ
ʥ֮ս춯أȲ󷨡ҰӰԭأһû뵽ΧĻ֮У̻͡ԡжͬʱ˳ȥȫ߼㹻Сڵˡ
ӰǷҰı壬ĵڶҰı壬ɣľĽҪͷʱδء
ܿ죬ҰЦˡ
Сƨڴܣҿ˭ᱻĿޱӣҲˣµĿˡ
Ұͷ֣ϵսⱻȻս⽫Ļն÷ƶ
ƳȭͻأʧԭأؼƺֻʣһȭͷһԾ˫ȭͷһ֮ײеĳ֣ɱ˹ȥ
֣ڵѨдһ֮ʮڳΧζ֣Ϣֱ۷塣
¡¡
껺֣˴ײһ𣬽žһ֮Ҵս񱩣緭ӿ
ҿڻ֮УһͨĴǧУһ¾ܹɽӱؿѣ֪ж˶ѡ
֮ţĳڰУƵġ
֣껶ףԷǱĹЦ
Ӱٴγ֣ɵĵջɣͷ
Ұ֣ߵʥ·ӣһѨ飬˻飬Сӻ˵һȻĵҪ󣬵ҲͨۡҪǿöࡣ껣Сʥ֮ǰ;Ѩ飬һʮѨһѣ˵ҪȫʵҪ޾սҲζս֣ʤһ
ʦ˵̫ˣ֣˸ָĻ졣
ƲƲ죬𼱣ҽѨȫһͷ
˵ţʲôһ࣬ʦͻƵʱԺйȻѰͼľĸйأҲ֪Сɽеλǰڵġ
ʲô㣿Ұѯ˳
껳ѰͼϼأһƬﵽǹŹֵԭʼƣ籾Դƣһ۸ӵĽƽһ𣬺޹ɿѭ˵ʥˡǣѰͼдģѰͼڣȻû⣬ұȥһ
Ұ΢Цܸо˴λЩ鷳һǰǶһȥҵıڱչأһȥɡ
껵˵ͷͻƵʥ磬ͬЩ˴βô򵥡


1025 
棬ҵĻǴܻһ㣬ȴ̺Σ
ɲͨĻеһ㣬̺һɸʴһеĹϢ㷽Ұ˶ﵽʥ磬Ȼܹоֻдѹ
ָʴԵֻһС֣˵ҲʲôжǱĳ֮УʥҲбʴһ졣
ǻ棬ѹֵ䡢ްܵϢ̸ܣǱһ㣬ǹŹֵ֣֣֣طоǳ
ҰƣץסһƻͼƤϴ̵ǿϵһиʴһӡ
Ұӹһ˿ȵɫЦַǹŹ֣ǳʱȥ˵ڵҲֵܹס괦ĥ֮УϾζɲܡ
ɵĵӣҿɲط̫ãϽҳڣ˾ߡ
˵ıǻԸӦڣִҵڣҲӦȻ
ѰͼһɲģΧĶѶʱ仯Ҳ̽¡˫΢գƬ֮˫ٴͺȳң
ǰ·Ұ֣󣬿ٳŻ˹ȥ
ʱУǲʱؿԿһѷ죬ŸֲͬķȻһЩŹ󷨣˴໥ת֯ǽ뵽һƬܵأȴǳɱĵܵء
ѵĹƵѪ϶µķģȵȣ֯һƬķ棬˵µĲɣ
ЩʥǿҲΨʥǿ߲ܹߵֻֻǣг̫죬̫ͣõĻʥ
ѰͼеķӦǾӦòԶˡ껵Щ˷ܡ
ϸӦ£ɻĵҺӦһϢֻϢ̫ӣ޷ĸӦֵǣҸӦĺ񲢷Ϣ޷жϳһ֡
Ұ΢Ȼ
껵ҲɵøֳһĨɫڵѰͼȷָˣ⴦ڵĵطʱ˵ӦĲϢȫ޷š
ʮ֮˴˶Ӧ֣ԴڵϸӦ˰죬ɫŹֵĵ˵ܹʱľУɢϢǴԴϢҸӦϢȫͬϢ翣ϢȫͬӦһ
°ͣĥϢϢϢģֻ١ϵѰͼָľǸӦǾӦǺϵˡ
껶ȻҡͷᣡѰͼļţĵطôǺϵң滹ˣΨпΧʮɣܹӦϢӵҲ⣬ǻ᲻ˣ
ҰֵþˣĿĵزԶˣʱ֪ˡֻǣҸСİɣܸоЩ̤ʵ
֣˱˴һۣжЩأͬܵһֲõĸо˾衣
ǰвã֣ȻָԱһλãСģж
˳ָ֣ķȥͼһų۵ڲԶķƮѾˣϵѪأڵû˿һ˿겨ûУȻѾˡ
ҰһУǾʬǰ
һֻʮӣһϮɫĳۣ˸˿˿׵ؿڵλãӡһɱڵѪɫͼϿ̹ϵġ߱족֡
߱˵ˣ߱еǸʥҰüë΢ӹһĨɫû뵽߱˵ˡ
껵˵ͷǸʥȻѾûʥ׵籾ԴӿӦþʥˡСɽ屻߱ɱĸʥйأҲǾȡ
֣üͷ壬â˸ݴ˵ƶϣûãң˿ڲǻǱɱһû̫ǿҵʥѾʮۡһվʥ۷Ĵڣô׾ͱˣǿҪС²С
˵ɫʥ飬նɱʥ֮˻⣬ȻԿ
ʥҰһ˾ӣʱڹעΧԷˡ
뿪ʥʬûã֣ɫٵͺСģԽԽˣѾȷѱ˵ȥˣȻܹӦһˣңڳ
Ļδ䣬һӢǰãüĿ֮¶һµİһϮתɫ£͸ѹΧĻ涼ѹ
Ұһ˶һֺѵĸо˴һۣĿǺȻ
꣬Ǹ׾ľǿߣ
Ұĵڶһۡδ֣ʮڵʮۡͬδʵ״̬Щ⣬ɹͨսʥ۷壬׾ǿߣһֶϣ
ΣǰδеΣ
ұǳģû뵽ûҵҵͻ̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣Ŀźεȡ
ҰĽǵڶԶûбǿ󣬴ʱѹڶͬ޷ڡ
鱳ˢһ³ſһƺԳסһ㣬ѹ룬ѯʵǺˣϵһ֣
국ЦǼȥķϣҲ޷ǻף֮ǰںϵ֮ʱӦһϢѰҵƬ档صĿɹģܹҵҲҲΪֹˡϵˣ
ϵȻǺϵѾ
껱Ӱ֣ѯʵһܹ֮õһѾ컯ΪλҪѰ
׵дǧ縡Ӱ֣͸һɾµƣĵһ˵ʮۣΨһ𣡳Ϊ֮дҪΪΨһ𣡡


1026 ħ
ʮۣɵΨһ
ϢҰ˵Ŀжε𾪣ǵ֪׾Ѿϵľˣû뵽ϻ֮λ
ֻǣҪʮ۲ܹΨһҪﵽǲܵ飡ѹ޾δ˵
ڴʱ׶ˣ·ضУشںһһ̽ƣ͵˻ǰֱŻĻȥ
һĻŲſһƬգˢһʧԭأһλ˳
ıǻѾγˣŹͨʵӲӲ׵Ķ֣ܣӰӶѣ
һĿգ£Щĵףͦģ֮ԸִնʹָȷЩŵǣŸ̤ʥ磬׾Ĳ޷ֲģʥȲϣעΪ꣡
ļһϻ˵Ҫ׸棡һƵףɫ˸ųҵս⡣
׶ϣҪܣǾ޿ܵ顣
£Ψһս
֮УΨ֣Դȵ״ѹսԸǿһЩҰǵڶȫۡõģսǳޡ
ףΪ˼껺ͷҰѹ
׵ɫɹƵЦݣĵ֮ǰ𣿲żһ·
׵Ļδ䣬ѾڷҰǰδĻҵ֮ϢķҰĺһȭƺȭͷϣ˫
ҰĽǵڶûħ壬û쵶ûеۡʵˣһ¾ҪС
ʦ
֣ŭһڴһ֮ʮڳЯ֮Ѹĳ׹ɱ˹ȥ
ϧ׵ٶ̫죬ĶˡͬʱѾ˷Ұǰ
Σʱ̣ҰȫͻأıƻȻһ㣬ǶתƵͨ
䣡
Ƭն׺鿪ԤеѪɽĻ沢δ֣ҰӰڲԶ۶˵ɫЩףδܵˡ
ҰʩչתƵ֮ͨ󣬽׵ж룬׵̫ǿƬն䱬ˣܵ˲
Ұֳһƣʩչ޾ͨ޸ܴ塣
׵Ӱ֣ĹϵĲ֮ɫŨеɫ䣬ߵͨЩŹ֣Ϊȴõģ벻㾹Ȼʦʦûͽǿ湻˵ģ
ҰĮף˵ûϻȻ࣡
һϣһܸ֮ȳ׹ɱ˹ȥ
֣嵽Ұǰ棬ХѪȼգʾĹס
ǿƵĻӳһȭȭͷ̺ſٵ֮ûκεһȭ򷨣ɱ
Ұʩչأһ˸ɧס
¡¡
кһŽһɱɢҰ˺׼ҵĴսһÿ˶ǿƬ涼ˣ֯ױҡ
֮󣬷Ұ˸׸ÿͷɢңơҰ˷ķΧסף˱׸ǱըһѪۣ·鲻ˣϢɢңһ˲ᡣ
ڸոյļսУ껵ֱ۱ϣҰİӱƵп֣ҲѪΣҿǵ㹻ǿܿͻָ˹
Է׾ĳ֣֮жվ۷ĴڣҿҰ˶ٶһЩѹ׵ֶΣټǱ˴֮Ĭ㹻ߣĻһͱɱˡ
ˣǼҲԼ̫ˡ
ովͳԹܵӰ죬޷ңЩǿƴﵽʥҲ޼ܹõҲޣֻʱһͨ
ϣȻܴͦģû棬·ЦһһǿͷſǧۡܣƬնۡÿһۡһģһ
Ұ˵϶ɵøֳһĨ𾪵ɫ׻ۡɲͨʮҲкüǧ
Ұϵ֮ɫײɵøеǳ⣬ЦûŹɣۡǧʮһ˵ʮԴӽ뵽׾֮ڶۡһһûȫʩչҵУҲԺˣ
ҰЦɾ֮󣬾϶ΪһؼֻʣΨһңĻ׾񻹲ȶ¹˭ֻδ֪
ǾԿһǧʮۡһ֣籩ŷҰѹ˹ȥ
¡¡
ĺٴ𣬷Ұ˿ٻһӦ˷ĹܿЩֵסˣϵ˿ԽԽ࣬˿޸ٶѾԶԶϲ˵ٶȡ
ȥҪһʱ̣˾Ҫû֮ۡС
ǣɣ˵󲿷׶мʹ÷ѹˣҾϲԶ٣ѹǰɣҵˣŵĴЦ
˴ңԶһ֮УҰıУӲӵķɣľһɣľ۵ҰÿһѨ֮С
ﬣ
ҰȻ˫ۣӰһûͻأĳʮǧٸħÿһħʵͶ֮Żص
ɣľ֮󣬷Ұڵڶħڳʵ˳ÿһħʥ֮һ𣬾춯أ
Ұѵһ˲䣬֪˵ڶ飬ħ˲ʧԭء
һӣҰӰֱڻ֮Уǿ˺ѿĻ赲ս֮С
ϴ󣡡ʦ˸ԾϲĴг
ףˣԣӦǱ嵽ˡߣ嵽ΣҵĻǰһǸŵĿ໯ŷҰı幥ɱ˹ȥ
ϲԶˣҲϲԶ٣Ұ쳹أ˲佫ڵʮǧٸħͬʱͷ˳ǵأգۼͱ鲼񷡣
׵ǧʮȫӰҰħûȥ

ҽ𣬷ҰħռϵľƣÿħʵҲǿǷʮһƬ̣ͽ׵ǧʮ䡣
㡭Զ١ɫࡣ


1027 
ҲҪ۸㣬Ҫ㣡ħɱҰŭһʮǧٸħŹŹֵĹ켣תһ󣬽ΧеգͬЩʣĻһǿڰС
ħΪħ󣬷ҰǵһʩչǽȫƬصܲһɻصĿռ䲨׷ŭȴ޷ħгһܿͱ˺ۣΪĵķǳء
Сӣ뿪ҶԴ¼̣׺ݣȴѾ˼ˡ
ҰţħܻĸӾˡ
Сӣ𾴾ƲԳԷƣҳȥضţɫ
Ұǲᡣ
飡
׵Ȼը飬ͨ죬Ʒٴֻ꣬Ϣȸոࡣ
Źңʲôĺ˳
ҵҰĻɭȻƺĮصף׵ȫС
ħӿֲޱߣֱԻأٴηһѰĺ׵ٴα顣
׽ϵӴһһεĸÿһθ֮ϢȸոҪ΢ࡣ
һ·ıҶԸ㡭
飬Ҹε֤֮λ
㣬ְɣҾҪҷˣңΪ
ÿһθصģȫ׵ϣΪϰ㹶ҰĵҪ˿Ľк
Сӣ㲻ú׷ŭڰУƬ涼ǿըҲû
ʮǧͬʱһĴʣµҹеҹɱ
ʮǧжʼƮʾӨĻ꣬Ʈ䣬ÿһƬӨΣؼ۶ɡо֮ԶżħƮԶޡ
ͬ
ףվ۷Ĵڣִ䣬ʮǧ綼Ī޾µϹŶʱҲ𾪵
˵˶ûмĳ˵ﶼûɵһͷоǿˣ
ը˲䣬Ƭȫһɹɴ⣬ɣƺرԴתá
ʦ㻹뺷Ȼɵһף˺ƴ󣬿ΧĴǧ綼Ѿǿˣɱףʦ֣ޱȵĽкţſ
ҰЦЦŰе޾ָ£ЦϵѾʱϵ֮Уϵٴγֻǧ֮ˣʱϵĵԲʱ򣬸Ͻ°ɣһЩϵ֮ʱҲһЩ
Ұıͷ顢֣껶ŲеϣһصĵϲӡԺԺо
ϵϣĺϵ޿ɹĺô˵ںϵѾ֮У޷ʱ̸ϵĵϣ֮ʱɢĵҲǳԺϵ֮ʱס
֮󣬺ϵĵϳɢڰУӰҰ˸޷ƲںʱεٴǾҪ֮ˡ
ڴʱҰ顢֣ͬʱһࡣ
һߵĹΡȻһ϶µġ֣ÿһ֦ⶼ̺һ˵ĵϣϵֵȫͬһְ͵ĸо·ʱ˽뵽ľ֮С
֣ĺдһͳ˷֮ɫ
ܵ˺ϵǣԶԻ˳Ұ֣ҲѰͼһ־ͱǷӰ
ӣˣҰͶȥĿ⡣
֣صĵ˵ͷ˹ȥڿĹУ껵üԽԽ͸һϢϢǾѰͼϢ
˵Ѱͼ˿ߵͬԴ
껵ÿһ¶ǲŴĽģߵµʱԷƮȻԽԽСû뵽껵üУ͸ĵϸӿ翡
֮˫ۣԼӰ֣͸һɳζ
ʦʦ壬ʦ֣ѾշֻҪһܽϵѨȫټ϶Ժϵϵ򣬾ͻƵ׾磬Ҳǲܣ껼ޱȵ˵˳
Ұϲɵ¶ЦݣؼܹʮɣľѾҰǻı壬ֵ֣õϵϵѾҪܹٴϵĵϣȴҰ˸׽ˡ
ʮֶǵУҰȻǳˡ
ʦʮۣᵮΨһо𣿡֣ʳĵ׵ɻ
Ұʼ磬Цǲأģȵʮ֮ԾͿˡʮֲۣ˵ҪͬһڻۣʮһҲǻۣлԾ֪ˡ
ҲԣҪֻҪ˵ʮϢ֣ĻԵޱȡ
ҰȻʧЦǵûҪһԵͺá
ϴһڻǱ𣿡Ʋѯ˳
Ұ΢΢һЦʵҲκεǣǺܣھͻȥҵܷܷСǣһ뵽ȻһЩѶ˵֮ʺеĵطԺˣ
顢֣˶˷Ī뵱Ǳһ׵ͷŵòƴо͸֮ĻǶѾȲˡ
Ȼ껵õҰһ˾Ͳڻмͣ˺գصѩܷܷ֮ء
Ұ֮ʱѩܷܷСڶӦˣǷҰһ仰ûж˵ʧԭأȥȻȥˣѩܷܷСڶǳĵġ
Ұһ˻ع飬ǲŶѩܷܷѯʵ磬ոҺСڶӦˣȴϢ˲ʧˣȥһˣ
֣ҵĳһ˦զզĵǿɲǼȥѰ֪·˸ףѾѾ޵ģʮɵĺϵӦϵҪɱǣҿʦıϵǻţ
ѩܷܷСڶɵõɴ۾Сڵ˼άתˣݵŷҰ𾪵ϴ㣬ףǼһɵˣոǿŪģ
ҶѡҰЦеĵ˵ͷ
Ұ϶Ĵ𸴣ѩܷܷСڶλز֮ѩܷܷвðһ䣺ԭҲǻġ
Сһµĵ˵˵ĸôȻϴ󣡡
Ǽһף˵ʲô֮Ϊţƣʦֿ֣ʼƪ۵Ĵ̬Ƿ
Си״˸ǩʷף
֮ʱҰٴǰ飬ѩܷܷСڶûκǲٳɣһŻڵķ˹ȥ


1028 ´Ҵ
磬֮ǿȹ̵磬رԴϢд档
Ұһ˳ڻУ֮⣬ܹӦݷһɹǿϢﵽ׾Ķ֮֮߰࣬о׶ˡ
ȻһЩϲϷ쳾һЩϲڻˣǶֻǼٵһְˡ
ڻУʥǿ߶λ֮࣬ϴб鲼֯һƬ½Ѥ磬нǿĴڡ
Ĵ󲿷򶼱ռݣҰʶ磬Ƭ֮ѡһλ껵˸˹ȥ
գ֮䣬Ұһ˾һƬãɽּ䣬ﶼһƬɽˮﵹûʿڣȴݷžŸϢǿʥĴ
Ϊ֮ҰӴ֮Ƭŵĵ̣Ϊʥ򣡡ҰԾƬɽּ䡣
ŷҰĻ£ɽͻأĳʮǿϢĶǴ۾ĴǰǾŸͨ죬ȫʥľǿߣ
Ϊ׵һͷޱȵıޣ֮һϵЦĸʥڣϣŴʥٵ۾𣿡
ǾŸһϰɣҰһ֣̤ǰһվڰУһ֮ԾŴʥٴۣٲȻƬ֮
һͷŭһ£˲ͳڷҰǰ
Ұҡҡͷֱ̧ۣƽĺһȭ
飡
ԸٶȵɶһֻצȫѪŷҰĿгš
Ǿ仰һϰɣҰһ߸ϵȻȻ͸һɾµİ
޵ȴ˷ҰĲһɫأƬ֮󣬱޵ͺһϣ
ʥŷҰ֣죬Ʋַ룬ƬʣӰ鲼񷣬ν췭ظ
֣ƲƲ죬ǼʶʶʦɥĲˡ
֣Ļδ䣬ҰͻأĴһħŭ֮ʮǧٸħˢˢĴѨгƬضˡ
ޡʥˣʮĻÿһʥǿߣ˵ʥˣ׶ϣҲǺһģ⻹ô
ʮǧٸħɲô򵥣Щħ˴֮ħսߵһֲֿĵزȫһЩʥ࿹ġ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ޡʥҰͷǵķ۵һ㣬ȫһϵġ
Ұٴδѡ񣬳
ޡʥ˴һۣһȺ󿪿ڣҵԸ⳼
֣ɵĵǲò⣬֮ţưɣǱʦɵˣǸʦԺǸ˵ģ
ǰףɵģ޵ȴȫ¶˾ݡ
õҰĿ϶֮󣬱޵ȴȫóϷĳԣЧš
ҰϸֳһĨЦݣʮǧٸħȫ˳ֶ޵ȴһЩҩĵЩҩȥ˰ɡúЧţԺٲǵĺôˣӴ֮ⷽԲʽΪʥŵĵ̣ƣֿܷɱ˼̫࣡
ʱ䣬ҰħռгһƷʼʥв˳
£Ұڲ󷨣ƬʥȫһһƷһһ󣬼ֱ󷨵
µʱ䣬ƬɽִȫټٲȻһһʥأϢŨˮÿһ˳ŵ嶼ĸԸĳš
ʱĲãҰ󷨵Ҳﵽһּĵز˵ܲóƷ󣬵ҲԶˡ
ڻˣҵطչȥˣǶҪڵѨ飬Ǳչظʺǡ
ڵʦҰһ˾նɱΪʯŵڻȵ𣬸ǰء
Ұõڶȥ֮ԼԸӦѵϢС÷ѩĸˡѶ˹ڶ˻һټϴ˵п׼ķҰѹǵ񶼰뵽
ǷҰյһӣ֣껶ʥľǿߣСʦõԴˡ֣껶Сʦöǳϲñֲ֧
ڵϵ츳Ҳڽֳ÷ҰкοԺĵ²Ϳ̳ˡ
С죬ҰӦһ뵽һַǳص֮Уƺڴ򵥵󷨿ʼܣҰܸӦСĵ·򵥡
ҰδԵϣС콫ߵĸԶ
Ҷľ󳾡ڤ˶ѰԵĴڷҰͣ˼֮󣬾ٴȥڻպ͸ǧ
ҰδϢ֪׽뵽ʲôĵطռ޾̫İҰ˼֮Ȼ޷ӦϢҲֻʱˡ
Ψһȷǣӡδɢ˵񻹻š
Щȫ֮󣬷Ұ뵽ıչ֮УΪպϵ׼š
֮󣬷ѩͻƵʥ磬ϼдԲ
֮ѩܷܷͻʥλö顣
֮Сͻʥ磬Ϊ࣬ս
ʮ֮ȽڵʮѨȫÿӵвһһȭ򷨣Ӳף
ʮ֣ڼδӷҰҪڻгȡ籾ԴջǧŰپʮʱʮ޷ٻκһѾﵽļ£׼ϵ
ʮ󣬷ҰĵڶʮѨ飬׼ϵ
ʮ󣬻ϢͻƵ׾磬Ϊеĵһλףվ֮ۡ
ͬ꣬ҰϵʧܣҪڵʮǧٸħԼĵںΪһֱһɵ
ҰźϵԴʮǧٸնִֻأǧСȥ
Щħת֮ˣеңеǵ࣬еͨƶеҽߺˣݸͬڲͬ磬ͬĿռпʼԵ
ʮͻƵ׾磬Ϊеĵڶλס
󣬷ҰĵڶͻƵ׾磬ΪеλסɹƳƷ񵤣͸˼󡣵ǣıǿһ㣬ʼûж
֣ͻƵ׾磬ͻ֮ʱرɫ綼ˣ콵𣬵ӿͬ졣ļ׶ǰףء
֣յСһѶϢһϢ


1029 Ұϵ
֣յϢһֶûУȴм֧Ļ棬СڲֻӴܣϼÿһϼⶼ翵ĳϢ𲻶ȴתɱ
յϢ˲䣬֣ͿʼƲСڣȴ޷ƲСκӡǷڶ޷Ʋ
֣ɫޱȣһʱ佫ҰٻԼյСϢǣСΣˣȴ޷Ӧκ
Ұ˸ԸӦ£һޱȣҰ׷ɱС죬һӦǸףԶ籾Ϊǿ޷Ӧ̫ǸӦ»׼ս֮ӦСڣ
顢֣ͬʱ˫ĿʶŻӡ
޾Ƕ׾ǿߣҲ޷ʶգֻڸӦҵĵط׵öࡣ
ҵˣ׷ɱС죡ˢһ˫ۣĿɱڡ
ıǻɹ֣ͨ껸Ӧĸ죬ײ׽˻е֮أ׷ɱС
ףǿ˵֮һйľеǿ߶֪Ĳ˾ͬһһ㡣
һʱ佫һ귢ҰˣֳһĺƴӰҡҷתſգŷҰʧԭء
յСͷңըѪڣһֱ۶ȫʧѪϵ˺һռѷ죬ֻӴܡ
Сһ¸߹ڵϷ׷ᣬϲʱطһ·ģ͸һɳϢÿһζܹȷĲ׽Сľ巽λһδκԾĹС˿ʼ޷ϡ
С㣬ʱʱĴһǹⲨĻ棬ÿζܹϷĹж룬ҧ֧š
СźѾ֪֣ǿ϶ٶȸϹҪľ֧ŵǵ
СӣӲˣǳڱصã׵ͬºֳһϵ٣ÿһҶƬ¶ĵϣʹ
٣
˵е٣ϣ
˵ǳͬʮ֮һ׵˼ǳСϣ
ʦǵ͵ɣСЦŻӦӴܣǿ֧ţȺ֣˵ĵ
ǵһɱ׵ޱȣɲ֪Сʦ˭ҲעѾ۷Ĵڣûʲôܹ˼ˡ
׵Ļδ䣬һԾҿʲôʸţ
֣˵ӰͻأĳڰУ֣ڴǧ֮Űپʮ˲ϢƬȫڣͷڷ޷裬ȭǰ׺ɱ˹ȥ
飡
׵һȭĵ˹ȥըһߴСѪþ޷ϡ
ʦ֣ڵˣٲҾҪˣС켤ĺ˳ŵĳ׷ȥ
С죬õģǼȻˣһҰɱȻ˵˳ǲûгֵĴ㡣
ǷҰ껣ҲԹۣûгֵ˼
Ƕ֣սȺ֮У֣սǿģ֣ײѷɣ
ױһȭˣĿг𾪵ɫŵĵǧŰپʮŵôܣ
ţ׵ɫͱò԰ظӦɣľкϵϢңĴֱһͷƤĸо
ڲףߵˣǸվ۷ףҲǲȺˣ֪СֱҪԸС죬õˡ
һᡭɬ˵˳
Ǿͼȥɣ֣һǿƵĳѹȥ
ٵѵֵ˼£ͱ֣һȭڰУƷٴꡣ
֣˿ᣬǧŰپʮһһһεĽڣڵڶʮ˴νѹʱҲ䡣
䣬ٴͬƬƬ֮Ʈ䣬ÿһƬӨΣ󳪽𣬼ħΧʮǧȫӦ
ˣǧеǿ߶ԣжûɵķһֿ־ĸо
ǧ֮ڣѾȺ䣬̫ˡ
ڻҰ顢֣СڸʱϢ˵޷ӵٵı壬ֵȴӡڸԵԺУԺĴӵ޾ô
аС죬׷ɱ¶ܹôã׾ҲԶ˰ɣ֣µС졣
С΢΢һЦһǹõĹֳ̬Ĺӣ֮࣬ڶӵ̬ͻһ㣬תµĴ
ǳ
ҵﵽľ磬͸ԴʱӦǳϢշˡڻˣҲڶӦǳϢͶչ׷ɱҿǳڣҲ޷ôáС콫Լľ˵˳жЩ
ҰЦҵˮƽŴﵽ˼ʦĵزСѾˣ
СŷҰһ˷ص˻֮Уѻڻȫû˺֮ǣȫ׼ĺϵ
Сչ֮ĵʮ꣬ǳɹͻƵ׾硣
ֹ˰꣬еķҰˢһ˫ۣͻأʧԭأڻ֮С
һ̣ҰԼϢȫͷ˳ʮǧٸħͬʱٻ˻һ뵽Լڡ
ҰǰնԼлǸ뵽˲ֻ֮ͬУŸͬľʱڶྭͬʱ۵ҰԺУҰһڴ֮ĸо
ˣ
Ұľ˲϶Ϊһʮǧٸħȫںڣ͵ͬںϵڣֱ˴ˣΪΨһң
һ˲䣬һںڵĽȻڷҰͷƺĩһ㣬øĽٸǧе鶼ܵһĵ׵ѹ
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һ׹ߴӽгǵصĳŷҰѹĻȫ䱬
Ұԡ׽ٵУϵÿһ缡Ө貣û˿覴ã׹Ƥ޷ƣ׽е̺ٱգҰϢԽԽ޾
֮󣬷Ұɽϣɹ̤뵽׾磡


1030 ֹ֣
ϲϴͻƵ׾磡һʱ˳ϹЦݡ
ϲʦ֣ҲȺŷҰء
ҰЦŵͷֵҸոͻƵʱ򣬸ӦһЩѵϢѾˣȻȥȺɡ
ѾΪǿĴӵжܵľеЩ׶ſͿģÿͻƵ׾磬оԵŵء
ҰĲٺѶڻУ˶ڻպ֮أʱҲ˹
ϲͻƵ׾磬Ժ˭˳۾ͱǿɹİ΢ֵĪӰŵԶԶͳŷҰء
ҰЦӣ㻹ῪЦ㶼Ҫ̤ʥˣȻһ춼ûȥ׼ʲôʱʰ
ĪӰƲƲ죬һĵһ⣬Ľɣˣ֪æͲˣһȥҺþȥˡ
ĪӰո뿪ӰͳڷҰǰԶԶŷҰأ֣ϲˣ뵱㡢ң죬˿ͬʼеģ˭Ҳû뵽㾹Ȼܹߵһվ۷壬ҲŸͻƵ۾ûãҼʰ
Сӿɴ䣬ᱻҴĲ˰ɣʿɲúУһ׼սٻغءҰЦŻӦ
󳾡¡𡢰ơڤȺŷҰأ˴һ𣬿ʼƴ˾ơ
ϲͻƵ׾磡ľ֮УϹŵЦݡ
ҺܸˡҰ΢Ц˵һ䣬žǷʲôϲɵøֳһĨɫףϣҲͻƵ׾ˣ
ľЦЦĿ⻷һȦпؼֻܹʮ󲿷ֶŵ˵˼ʰ
ľתһɵϢ˵ÿһë׶ſƺʱܳɹȥ
Ϣ
ϲˡһ̵ӰڴУλá
ҰڵķɣľϢ΢΢£ֳһĹ⻪Цʮеͨ¹𣬾ȻõˣͬͻƵ׾磬ǿϲɺأ
շģ˵ͻƵ׾ˣҵȵʱ乻õİҶĳսһŰԵΰҶڰУ֮¶һϵϰԵ
ҶݷһɲԺϢӴ̶ȶԣƺǧԸڵǹ
Ǿͨ콨ľ
ͨ콨ľʮ嫵һ֣ڣڵֱ͸޾һ㣡
ҶҪսҸս֣Ȼվսڣ˿Ҷ
Ұ֣˰ֳ֣ҶЦսǲȻͨ콨ľϣǻҪ˵ʮۣᵮΨһʮۣǽҪ֤ˡ
ؼֻܹʮÿһֶǶһ޶ģӵŲͬ
ıǻɣľҰõ֣ӵСõǳľõ⣬õͨ¹Ҷӵͨ콨ľϵҰգʮѾǻһˡ
ҰĻ䣬Ӱͱһɴסֱ뵽һƬϢŨĿռС
һŨĻÿһرԴһƬرԴռ䡣
ҰĴ£ֻ顢֣С졢껡ľºҶÿ˵϶Щ档
ôСĿܡ
˵ʮۣᵮΨһµйءľƽ˵˳
ɻ󲻽ʱ򣬰кȻһֵУһĮдʮۣᵮΨһΨһ𣬽Ǽ֮ѡ
Ұ˵Ŀж˸ĹǸĮҪ֤Ψһֻһ취ǽӵնɱʮӡǣΪΨһ𣡡
Į˵Ļﾪ춯أ÷Ұ˶е𾪡
ҰЦνӡǣУ
УӡǣõӡǣܹΪΨһ𣡵Ҫõӡǣ뽫ȫնɱΨһ𣬱ǿģӡǵг˹ƻ
Ұ˶һۣ϶ֳŹֵЦݣҶ֣˸ǷЦ
ǻ֣ӡǵһĮ顣
ҰЦΨһĵ֮ǲҪҲգҪǵĹϵһ֣
ŷҰ£顢֣С졢껡ľ¡Ҷ˶һ֣ȫŰеӡǺɱ˹ȥ
Ұˣȫվ۷Ĵڣ˸һ֣ƾ춯أеӡҵĽѡ
ӡĮٴδΨһ֮λǶϣ
֣ӶžǧŰپʮ֮ݺݵغӡǣֵĵѶûˣҪиƨãеʯͷ£кȤԣ
Ҳǲֻǲ㣡Ҹţ㣬Ҳܳ𣡡
ľĵûʲôܹң֮λ
Ұ˸ʩչǿֶΣһ𣬾綼ܹ鿪
ӡǵķ˵ÿζܹ󲿷ֹȫж֮УܵһС֣ڷҰ˵Ĺ£ǺеһҶۣȴʼղ
ûõģӡֻܱ޷ƻҪõӡǣֻһ˿֮ʣµˣɱˣӡǣվڴ۷壬ɾͿžΰΪһˣӡɲ˿Ĺƻš
ֹվ۷壬ʲôֵ׷Ѱģû۷壬ν۷嶼ֻˣҪģǺһ赲ӡǣҰ˵˳ʮǧٸħһ𣬾ڿٵһ㣬ȫӡ档
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ӡǺȻըһ˲䣬Ұ˶ܵһɶĿһµĸо
Ұ񷣬֣صǸӦûУƺӦһ嫵磡
һۣӱ˴˵ĿеõԼҪĴ𰸡
ӡǾһҰǿк飬Ǹܵ˲һĸо
ֹȥ̽Ǹδ֪ɣڻǷмǵʢɣҰһЦһӣ˷صС
һݣڶһãЦþòɢ
ȫ꣩
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