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ֲ԰
ߣӴ

ݼ
һ԰ֹϵù,ֶöһͨɨ죡
һۣɿģ֮˺أ
һģң֮֮ңһǧʵ


һ ǱԨ


1 
ǧɽˮ
΢ɽ֮УʮĶİݺᡣ
һͷǧ֮£һŲԾ֮£һСľݹ
֮£ʯʵһһԵЩӹ䡣
ɽںɽһɽȣǧȡ
˿̣ʯ֮ϣһŹǷòͨͨƤڣ۵ôһ˿ζ
վŤŤҡҡƨɣߵĳͷŸո¶ͷ̫һɤӣ󲽶ȥ
ţ˵Ͻԭˣȴһļһ
˵ԭˣһߡ
ɽڵũ˵ˣǸġ
ݣɲһũ󽫾ԶΨһĶӡ
ҾŴСܵĸϳ磬ŰԸ£ǣСħĳƺţǣ˲֪˲ֹСҹޣ
ǰ´Ȼǿʵ۵ŮҪ֪λʱʮ갡ޱȣ飬ԭˣǸɫǰ
Һδ죬ڴ󽫾ʱͽһٱ򣬲ǴˣܶȻʵ۱²׷λСǲݣҾŴȻ裬ǲ˰
ǣ㱻ɽڣǿɡ
ҪΪɽڵô룬ɽյӣޱȡͲס󽫾кŰɽڵһλϣܹ汲ĶݣһϵŵԽɽڡ
ʵŰ֮һŸϲġСҩţţȴҲҲС
ǣ㱻ɽڷ䵽ɽǧȵһλũܻģģвɣɡ
ũһֱ֮꣬ǰĽ١
һˡΪİ硣
¶԰ټҷѧɲţһũũҵʦţžЩֱ֮ʱǸ޷޳Ů˵޲Ʒ
ųͷ뵽Կǣһصı飬ãЩĪ
ǵãһˬĴһڻؼҵ·ϣȻ͵£ɽֹֽһǻѪ˼ѪƵģ໽е׷ϡ
ץ͵ǧԪ𰡣ΪһǧԪѪͷƴƵ׷ȥϧСʱˣҲȳ˲Ķ࣬˼ҵĶ֣תۼ׷ˡ
׷ʹļףŴصԣһ˺ϱĴ֦پ˵Ҳкü꣬ɱ͵룬һ붼һЩľӡ
ĵλãһȭͷСĺɫʯͷʯͷ״Ǹʯ졣
ﳤʯ˵Ǹʱ˷ˣ˾ţ֮ʯ˳ҲҺĴ󲿷ֶǿյģȭͷСʯʵǿˣȻʣڳʯҲ֪Ҫá
ڱе˿ûע⵽ǱľӴƵƣѪʯ֮С
һɵЦ۾ʯֻоǰһڣʲô֪ˣʱ򣬱СľݵСľϡ
֪ǽʬ꣡Ѿˣֻ괩Խ֮Уһֱֲ׵ĵطôģ˵ʬ꣬˼壬ʬָʬ壬ǲܻһϵģֹഫ飬֪ġ
ͨļ䣬֪ģԭ硣
һ½磬һߵ硣ǿʳǿΪ𣡴˵еĴ֮һ䣬׽µ£
½Ϊ֮⣬޾󺣡
½Ҳ
ģڶϱߵλϣڣһţɽڡ
ÿȣһţ˵ÿһȱ󣬶һŴ½֮ϣ壬壬ħͰȵȡ
ЩõϢʱɵ˺ܾúܾá
˼Ǽ䣬Ѿİ֮ϣǰʮĶһپĿ
ֲֲĵطֵס
УҪ֮׵бزٵġرǶԵͽʿԡ
ߵʳǸĶףߵճʳ֮һ
ʵϣʮĶͲɽڵףʵǴչ
ʮĶֻλʵǰŲټ󽫾ҪúĥĥӵӣԲŸ俪ٳ
ʮĶ׵ģʵֻһĶǻ岻ڣȲָ֣һúֱָĸ
һĶףֱһԺʱﶼӲݡ
Ҫ֪ǿɶӲݳ棬ǽһ˸߲Ұǲֱ߰ΰʱ򣬷ȥӲݣӲûпһֲ꣡
һĶӲݣ죡
ֲ֮꣬ٿǶһһ¶أǾĶĲݵЩǻʲôӰ
ͬʱаиõȻ涨ճɣҪϽɵġλҲǸʵˣˣӲûд߹һΣȻҲûн㡣
Ǳ˼˰ˬƲƲ죬ͷ׼˵ǲͬǰû˵ֵںİֲӡ
ֲ꣬ǰˮмƣ߸׳ףСĴָСӨ͸ˡ
һףģɲһ㣬ǿſŶᣬɱʱֵҹʱڣףֻ˼׵һСֲ꣬ǻƲӪ
Һãˣ׵ӦҲǿֻҪܵסԲֲ
׼һ磬㽫ʮĶȫϡ
Ӻ꣬еɾʮ㣬֮УˣȻգǣһܸоĿ
⻹ҪлСʱԵúסúãú׳ʵƳũһҲۣһֺ֮СҪǰ壬ôһᣬҪ
ôתɵ𾢣ԶͻȻһ
ԣ¶һ˿΢Цֱӣֻ﹡֮ϣһСվһСӣһ˫СۣӺһ˼顣
ССۣʶһˣɴûԷ¹С̧ͷ˿ոƽߵ̫ҡҡͷȷԼΣîʱ̣һǲ;𴲵ʲôʱô˲ɣ
С֡һ΢ЦСȥСӣɽΨһѣлĸĸҲũϣ̳ҵԱȡ˸֡
СԲʣǿֵһֺѵõǣʾȻɽѡΪŵӣСӵسɽڱ㰲ҩ԰ȥֵ
ҩ԰ɲͬһ㣬ҩ԰ֵĶҩͬףҩϡҩɽڵ׶չҩȴ󲿷ֶԼֲ
СĴӣװıҩӡ⻹֮ǰġ
ǵģҪףҪ׼һֲҩֺˣɶǮ


2 
С֣㵽ˣ﹡һץסеĴӣȲĴ򿪡ֻССĴɫʮţԿһ£ĸƷ֡
ģС֡һ˷ܣʵļ
ô⣿ŷӦ´һһ档
£ǡ΢΢һ˸
ŶҲ׷ʣо֮٣ţƺҲûʲôֵġǰһﻹԼָˣҲҲ֪Զǵ󽫾֪£θ롣
뵽ӻͳһװ飬ݸҳ¼ֲֲȫţֲֲ档
ŶлˡҲӹװ飬ֲءֻķϣŤŤдšֲֲȫ֡
⼸֣һߣ֣ѿҲܹɳũͥʶѾˡ
ʵϣɽڵĵһ£ʶ֡ʶ֣Щ鼼Ҫ壬Ͳʶ̸ʲôС
ԴˣɰңȻѧǣֻʶġ˵Ҳʶ٣壬ǰĹŴм´ɣҲǿϸ
Ǹʵ˫ĿŹķֲֲȫֹ
ôˣԣ̧ͷһֹģЩɻȻʲǳΪɽڵŵӣǴСũͥԸС΢µˣֱ롣
ҲܹΪѵԭΪԸ裬۸ڶҲһЦ֮
ǸʵãҩֲˡСĵƳһ
ŶΪΣ΢΢һ㶣һ˵ܿף޵ķʸѵǾ̫ˣɣ˵Ĺȥ̶ȣֲܻˡ
ЩҩһʮĶʮĶɽڴ󲿷˶֪Ǻ鳤ʱٵģ㣬ͲףֻһЩ׵ֲֵס
ô£ԣֲֲȫոһȫ飬Ȼųƴȫʵֻʮֲֲ
ţʵġɤӣһЩʶ
ԽɫԽѿԭǷּġɵ͵ߣһżȡ
ֲҲǷֽ׵ģӵ͵ߣһ׵Žס
Ӧֲֻ֮Ӧֲһֲֻһ׵ֲȻżֲһֲ൱õģû˻˷
ʮĶӣǣ뼶˵ҩˣǲ׵ףҲȱ˵Ĳ
ҩӣȻֻһҩǣֲˡ
ӵ⡣Թаһ䣬ЩĳʶҲ룬˼ŵĶ棬ע¡ҪСܵв˼һһꣿ
û°ɡɫѿСĵ
û¡ţЩ׿ˣʱոɣȻȥˡ̾˿ҡҡͷСľݶȥ
ǵģո£һֱɵģǶ棬ҲִֻȻջһ롣
һĶףȻ٣ǣȴԼģɽڴûʹջףҲƷʯŵӣǣܵõһƷʯѾǺܸߵˡҪ֪ҩ԰һҲƷʯĳͶѡ
֮Խո½ǻε飬ԺʮĶҪԸոɶǮ
½ұʯ
ʯΪƷƷƷͼƷ֡ƷʯƷʯ֮䣬ƷʯƷʯ֮䣬һһٱһҲ˵һٿƷʯܹһһƷʯһٿƷʯܹһһƷʯ
ʯȻɬɣѡ
ƷʯȴСԲ󣬺УԣƷʯʿһ㶼ó֮á
Ƶ飬صסֱߵСľݺ棬һСĳó緹ˡ
¹󷹣ĺܡ
˵׷˿ڿˮģǰҲûԹôóԵ⡣죬Ө͸֮ƢŴϿڣζһоһůɢȫůڵģǽһ̹
ǱϰȷˣΪû죬ɽ֮Уһλˣһλ֮ηĿˡ
һŮӣֻŮĸƮƮ֬˫üֻɫԱ䣬һģ
ˮܽأȻȥΡŮаޡ
ŮӴ˿ȴĿ䣬Ķ
ȴС鲽ƨƨߵСŮԣһǰһߵŮӣ䶯Σŵ㡣
ŮĽ㣬׼ȷĽ㡣󽫾ϥһһŮӵ֮⣬һŮǴŮȻ
һһС˭Ҳ£ʹǸϵҲ£ȴĽ㡣
ȻСӣУı˵ҲǿŮΪʲôΨȴͨͨӵȺжһ˿˻֡
ѲɣǿӵģɰԸ̡
ߣ
ĳһɴ˸飬û취ƺıܷӦ
µĿ¹ȻĿ䣬Сͳһ
һǾµСӣһȣǬǸϡɽڵ֮УҲֻ洫ӺŵӵС
ȻɽΪ洫֮һңƽ̵״ӡ
˵Ķӻ򶴡ǣȴáͬһĸģԶϲģȻȴһǵŮ
Ůʶ֣ģѾȺ飬ǸԶСͯˣŮ츳һ
½ʽУһ㶼ʮ꿪ʼڴ֮ǰǳ壬ǵĽ׶ΡԲԲԲνԲ֮󣬲ʼС
ȻȴʮСȻ巢δȫУǣȴۺĻ
ʮʱ̤ɽڣֱӱƽΪ״ӣΪͻͽȥˣʮȻ״ﵽʲô磬ӵȫ֪ġ
Щ˼Ժһţû˫ֽӹһµĿװŵģףÿƷʯ
Ȼÿ¶һΣΨһ飬ǽӼӵĵܵܣȻƾǱ⣬ͶɽĹ֮ˡ
ܻ쵽زǰҲǸ⡣һˣҪһŮӽӼãЩȻⶫҪӵģȻġ
ȻŽӹĵܵܣЩ㶣⡭ĵܵܣȻ죬ûɡƤƳǽ£ôܷϡ
Ȼҡҡͷתɽȥÿκʱ䣬ᳬʱ䣬ͨ˰ߡܵܣʵʧ͸
ΣܵܣƺЩͬˡ
ﲻͬأȻü΢壬ͷһСľݵԥһɲǣŲͣ촽Ļصǧ֮£ǰɽɽš


3 ֲ԰
СеŲһ٣һɫࡣ
̣ӵ⡣дǰ̣СҲǴǿδ¼ŮǡȥˣСѾʮˣⶼѾɽˡ
ȵȣǰţǿӵǰôɰɡ߽Сľݵ϶ˮˣðɣ֮󣬱ˡӵĸɴ࣬Ҫƨɰǣƨɣû
˰ˣͷȻֱȳԷҡҡͷ˦˼һմɴ룬ſˮȥݺ˵ζѾɢ
ٷԱ㣬˸ܵСľСȻҪȥ˯
ϥľ֮ϣϣ۹ǣǹģ֮С
ǻȻвɣȴļ׳ʵѪʢʮ㣬ֻһֱԲԲһֱ̤żҲС
ҲǿҲ꣬ҲǴԽԭ򣬷ΣԲ֮׾پʹﵽˡ
ǻȻǣ֪ʶḻģе֪½֮ϣоΪԪ̥ͻ󾳽磬ÿ磬о죡
ȡ֮壡
ʿҪУǣԲԲԲԲ֮󣬲ʼС
Ӧأһ׶ΣʿѰУͨѨͨء
Ԫʼһ磬ʿӼԪ
ɣأһ磬ʿԪΪܹշУɳˣ
̥Ϊã֣ͨһ磬ʿγɵֳ̥ƴ۵̥Ϊã֣ͨɳƴۣ
񾳣ɽŭһ磬ʿΪƸΪ꣬޼䣬뻯ӡһ磬ɳƴ
ʿеľǿߣڴ۾Ļ񾳣ֻǴ˵
½֮ϣԾģԪʿΪһȺˣһȡ徢ʮ㡣
ﵽԲ֮ĵ죬ҵСֻһֱһ˿Уֽ档
ɸ¥ƽ𣬻οվøߡҲȻûзܹʵֻҪһ˿ܹӵùȻ۾
ϥЦ⣬һɷ黨һЦζֻͨͨƤڣЦǲզÿ
˿̣оȫƺȪ֮Уո¶ǵףˢ֮Уһ״֡
ǡһ˽Ʒ
½Ĺķ֮࣬ͳ
˵ףÿһףֳַƷƷƷ;ƷĸƷ
͵ȵĹҲǴ½㷺Ĺƽӹ߻ħ֮Σԣ󲿷ʿɹ
˵ԴﵽԲǣ˽˾磬Ϊٶȣʵ̫ˣϾֻͼ
Ŀĳһʱ̣ͻһ𣬵֮Уһ˿ƺͣȻȻˮɡ
ˣ̤֮·ﵽһ졣ʽΪһʿ
˿γɵɲǣͻȻоǰһڡ
ҿоôôϤӲ˰ɡԺУͷһţһ̣˫ۡ
ӳģһССĿռ䣬һĶԲ
ռһƬأһ峺СϪдϸʲСϪԴͷһСȪۣһɹ峺Ȫˮð
ȪԱߣһСľݡ
ӲִԽ˰ɣ磬Ҳ̫С˰ɡҲ֪ûгԵģȻö⿿ˮĻֲ˼찡
СʱˣһҳԵģٴδԽ֮£ûôģһҲǴҲǴզզ
ɨһСռ䣬Сľݶȥռһ࣬ΨһܹʳģǴСľˡ
𡭡ߵľǰһɤӣСռصݡ
𣿡˰ΣӦС˵㣬Цռ̫СˣɤڿռлصΣҰˣЩˡ
ֵ˰ΣǲˣСľţ룬ľŸһˡ
Ƶһһ˫һתԴСľ֮С
ֻľ֮УһһһݽǻһһһۣǺɫģͷˣǲۣȴˮͰô
Ĳֺܼ򵥣һȾʱľ֮ϣһɫƤĺƤ飬۳ûˣؿһľ֮С
ҿûгԵģһȾģסľ֮һȦʲôû֣ʧСֹ
ľ֮УҪ˵Ψһ쳣ϷŵĺƤˣ۳ûˣ߽ľƤ顣
䣡
ִƤһɲǣֻһǺƤ龹Ȼһɫ⣬ֱڣ
ɴ󺧣һ߸ߣ˲Զľٿľ֮ϣͺͺ֮ϣĻʲôƤ飡
ʲôֲɣСĸֻͨͨһ¶ѡ
ϣֲ԰
һ˲УͻȻһеƵ޲Ǹ
δ䣬оСľһ
һ˲һƤͻȻϡ
ҿ˫ۣеĺƤ飬⣬ǸոǱƤ𣡳ֲ԰ʲô⣿
Ƥ飬ֻ鼮һҳϣɰͰͼֲ֣԰
ȼһ
壬һ죩
ЩۣƤ鷭ȥһص⣬Ƥ飬һҳ
ֲ԰Ǹʲôüͷ΢壬Сֹ
û뵽СֹȻõ˻ӦоԺһֲ԰һֲֲĿռ䡣
ŶôȥлӦϽſʵһӦǵõ˱ǻ᲻ⲻܹǰǶˣ빷ʳӣ̫ˡ
δ䣬ֻǰһڣ˲ԼСľ֮УĺƤѾʧ
ֲ԰ǵñ˰ƺʲô£ֻؿڴһɫࡣ
ЩȻؿڵĴ࣬ɲǿӵĶԽ֮ųϵģ̬ǵڳʯͷ
տʼо˺ü죬Ϊʲô޷ӦǸͨĴѣֻϢ˵ñ˼±޼ա
ڿⳬֲ԰Ҫ̤֮·ܿ
ףһףոЩû֣˿̾ԺУƺ׼ȷϢ
ĿһɫȴԽԽ֣ԺеϢһһֽۡ鼼Ψһʧǣֻ˽Ʒ鼼
½˸Ĺ֮⣬ַ֮ģ廨ţͳ鼼
ܵ鼼Ʒ׺͹һӵ͵ߣҲ˵ףÿһףͬΪƷƷƷ;Ʒĸ
ͬǣ鼼ֳĸ硣
žСɡԲͼΪľ磺뻯
޵鼼ศɣȱһɡ
ģ˽Ʒ鼼ǣģ鼼Щ̬Ȼֲ԰ÿһ⡶ۡһƷס
鼼һΪࡢࡢ⡶ۡһָ鼼
ʲô˶ģľϣǳֲ԰ȪҪÿȪˮϴۣңɴɡ
꡶ۡϢעתһϢ֮ϣȴ¶֮ɫ


4 
Ϣֻһ֣
֣оƺȻ֦ҡҷϰٲݾǧںȹ̣оȻС
̹һоȫɣ˸һζͺͺһ֣һöӣһӣȻ
񵽱ˡһ֣Ǽֵһļ
Ҫô볬ֲ԰أΣлعؿڴĴ࣬૵һҩм֣ϴõģѾȲҪ¡
䣬оǰһһֻص˳ֲ԰УأǳСľ֮С
ԣҪһľ֮дΣ˼Žֲ԰ľϡ
˰ˣԺʵǣڣٺ١Ҳͷֱӽ˦Ժ󣬵˵װҩӵĴӣľһǵŲۣһ˷ֱܵ
ҩӹֱ֣ǴͭĲͨһʮӡֱȪԿһССҩ԰תҩȫ£òҨȪˮ¡
סһŪ꣬ȴǾһһ̯һƤֱӳС¾棬飬Ƥ龹Ȼƾնҳ
һҳϣɡ
ֲ԰
ȼһ
壬һ죩
ؼǵڶҳϣദһͼ
һֲͼƬֲֻҶƬʴ󣬿ͩҶϣɫĴ̣˳һʺĻ䣬ÿ仨һԶԶȥһţﷺһζȻĻþҪͼƬ̫ˡ
ͼƬҲ࣬һ֣
ֲͩһֲ
Ч𴯡ֹѪ
ڡ
ҳһݵͼƬҳҳһͼµҩ
˫źƤ飬˫ĿŹ⣬˲õĺñԺֲʶֱõֲ԰úƤϣйЧ⡣
ңģֲĳڣֲֲȫͩĳ£ֲ԰ĳȴ졣
ʮĲ࣡Щˣ˲õı
֮ЩʧֲֲȫƺĺƤôһ㣬٣ǴֲֲͩȫᵽֹѪɢң滹ֲעͩϲηһ֡
ʵֲ֮Уģͨݣ˲ҶƬϸһ꼸ʮƬϸҶʢâҶƬȴ˳쳣ģһͨݣҪñͨ硣
Ҫͨȫ磬ͨءͨݣܹЭͨ
һͨݣ³죬ֲ԰Уȴֻձɣ
ʹģǼݣ˲Щκ죬¼ֲȫдܹʿ˵ҲһǣƤﻹдŴ˲ݵһЧ顣
ԴˣֲˣǴҩܹЧˡ
֮£ֻоĲݶЩߡ˲ܹʿƽ߻ħΣա
Ҳ˵ġƽȣ߻֮Σеĵ֣ҲҪĶࡣ
оƤ飬Ͳ۷СľУһѾСľ֮С
ϲһɳ룬⣬ܷ
һæµǳʱ̣ʰһȥˡѾһʿԽŵˡ
ңҪȥһЩһҩӺӣȻײֲֵ׵ͨףһס
гֲ԰ɲ˷ѡҩ֣ǲܵԣײʿʳ׼ڳֲ԰߷ףʣµģҩòЩɶʯ
һ·Сִµȥŵȥִµ
һ·֮ϣϲɽڵӵܡţ˵ɽǸˣ󽫾ĹӣӵܣԸŰ裬Ϊɢǲѧ
Ȼϲ֮꣬ʮˣӲûҵСҪ֪ɽʮ껹ûееģҪʦŵġ
ȻǻֻǸũ˭Ҳûеɽڵĵӣ˾ǸСۡ
һ·֮ϣǿˣ޲¶һмһ˵ı顣
Դ˲ǣɽŲҡڣСǰ԰ټҷʱյİۣȥˡ㷭۱ӣֲզզð۾Ϲ
ףиоˣƺĲͬ
ôˣ
ǴɣոոоƺһΪ
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ۣ֪˿̣Ѿִµڵֵģһλɫ꣬ŵӡ
ɽڣŵӣͳһɫл˴ţŵɫ洫ӣǽ˿ƣȾˮ֡
Ͻ㣬ֵ
ũǴֲѡ
ƳһΣĿбӵʦ֣ǰȥһǸλʦ֣ŵӡ
Ŷףǡλŵӿһƺлع˫ĿһɣЩš
š𣿡ЩɻλʦȻƣǣļ֮УƺʶôһִµӰ
Ŷûû⡣عɽ۽ŵӵȻټҲûУǾеϡˣɽڳ竷Ȼ̤֮·ոΪϴˣǶԷһΪȴǴ˵ġ
ɽй涨۴ﵽһ죬Խŵӡ
ǡԽ𣿡Է񣬲ɳѵ
ŶԡԵȡعóһᣬɽŵӵᣬ긺¼Ļ
ȵȡ˫һưҪ¼֣Ͻֹ
ţô̧ͷɻ
Ҹˣ治˵һĲ˵һĶ
Ŷðɡ
ʱ䣬ŵӵ쵽ɫһɽŵӵơ
쵽֮ñ㽫һްͰ͵Ĳ¸ˣ۽ֱ飬竻ȱͥڣǬȻ£˷绯˷绯
أɲЩŪһУֻ˰ʱ׷һЩһ׵ӡ
⽻׷УɽڵԷ֯ģ棬֮Իͨޣиֲģҩ鼼С
ϧֻƷʯһ֮󣬴пտգһƶϴֻ̾غκΡ
ǮŷĸɫֲɱǮ˫Ŀͨ졣


5 ؾѡ鼼
ֱڲؾ
չ涨ŵӣһѽؾ¼鼼ĻᡣȻֻһΣԺ룬Ҫշѵġ
ɽڵĲؾ󣬹㡣һ˽Ʒ鼼ڶ˽Ʒ˽ƷԴƣһ㣬ǵؽƷ鼼
˽׾Ʒ͵ؽ׾Ʒ鼼˼ûУȫڳֻ洫ӿϰ
ʵϣһΪֻܽһ㡣
ڲؾ󵱲ģһɫ۵ŵӣһλŮӣֱ߹ȥݹƣڵʦ㣬½ŵѽؾ󡣡
Ŷ㲻𣿾ȻŵˣŮƳһЩȣƶ˹ؾĹأֻаʱʱ䡣
õġһƲӦһ䣬ڶȥѰҼϳ¼ʱȷʵţֻܳ¼һӣǣٺ٣˵ӹĿ
ҲȷʵǸţҲ֮ҲǴԽ죬ΣԽļ죬֣Ŀ
Ȿ죬ʱ屾׵ġ
ڣоһɨȫƺȫ˸ͨ͸ɴ˸ս
ҿЩˬͷһڣü¾ǲؾļֶˣڿҲУǷֹΪԽ硣ȫ͸ĸо˺ܲˬ
һҡһڣؾһУ֣鼼Ƿֿġؾһ׼õһհװһ֧ʣֱ鼼
ֻһΪڵ´࣬ȱģ鼼
鼼Ǽž޴ܣĿ⣬鼼ؼǧЩ˽Ʒ鼼
һͷѰʺԼ鼼
ﰡԺ󣬾ͲÿƵˮˣˡһ鼼ؼ˫ĿŹ⣬ͷ䡣
ɷ罣ţû
Ԧ䡷ˡ
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ףԺͲÿƵóͷˡˡ

ţҲԣֲˣơˡ

˧Ժк棬Ӵ㡣ˡ

Ժ𣬾Ͳô鷳ˡˡ

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ϷһʱЦһʱֽУż㵸òʣȫ˼˹
ħ״̬ûз֣һؾһǣһ˫ݵĳۣ
һ꣬ˣɽŵӣ졣˿̣ˮոȻʱһţļǵãָԷµĻ鵤ۿŶԷȥİ
ǣô£ۼԷңȻΪɽŵˣﾹȻܹˡô̽ڼ˶߿ºڣһġ
ǻ鵤ǿһ鵤ϴĴ۲Ūġ
½鵤־Žףһף߾Žףܹ׵ĵҩͳ鵤
鵤ǿҵ»Чʿ˵ãǶͨȴĶҩ⣬ܹʧڻþ֮У԰ΣգȱʧǱɰ׳գͻɢɻˣͨ׵㽲Ǳֲˡ
˿㵸Щɻǻ鵤ȷʵˡ˳̶ȣɽˡ
ֻǣﾹȻΪŵӣְڿɣкͬߣɱ
ǰֻһССũû⣬ڲͬˣɽڵʽӣְɫˮɱһ
ףɱ˷еͻȻ˸飬ŤͷȥոոоƺһɱϮ
ǣ۴յûʲôˡҡҡͷǴŤͷ顣
ոյλãܱĨһϵ亹ѵǴǼһôôǿŸո¶һ˿ɱԷŤͷҪǷӦʱȥɱ¾ͱ¶ˣкͬðգһ˿һѱ©
ǷķɺϣһɺϡＴţǷߣһ죬ӻβˡߣ˲ؾ
ڲؾ˰ʱһֳǧȶȥ
Уһ屾鼼ֱǡľˮˡ
ҪҪӳ¼һܶ
ѡ鼼ĳ㣬ȻΪЩˡѡ鼼ˡ΢Щģ֮ԵС
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⡶Źְģģʵͨ˳ȭͷ
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صס㿪ʼæµҪҪֲۡ԰ƷƷ⣬鼼Ҫ֮⣬Ҫģȴǽһ¡
һףɲͬǰֲĲ׵ףһףֽףΪü񣬾Ө͸ԲԵеС
ףͽ׵ʿкܺõЧڳȥʹҲǿΪǼ۸񰺹󣬾ЩҪƷʯһʿǳԲġ
гֲ԰
ף£Ҳ˵ڳֲ԰УֻҪңɳ졣
ľţȲ볬ֲ԰УۣɱһƬأȴǽ۵ˮͰˡ
˿̣ûѧﻹҪһһһһ۽
Сʱ֮վͷֵصףҸЦݣ˿̣ǰµʮֲѾѿ̻ѪС磬Ѿ¶ͷף֮ڣҲܷѿ
˸һһֻһ̯һƤУǺƤ顣
Ƥ飬Ȼ飬ֶһҳ棬һֲͼֲֻ̣ͨƬϸҶƬǰˮֻڶһεס
Ϊͼϣ֪⵽ж߶֡
ͼұߣǼ֣
ֲףһֲ
Чڷãǿʣڡ
ˡһɤӣ˳ֲ԰˳ִģһȪ


6 ҩ
̤һ죬ŵӣҸ飬ɽѸ˷׷׳棬ŰķﾹȻܹˣ첻ۡ
ڵ֪ڲؾѡˡַ֮׷ױģﻹǷû۹⡣
ȴǧɽǱ֮С
֣Ȼĸоÿ鼼оޱȻ
ô죬Ѿͨ˵һ̫ξһжΣȸտʼʱһֹһС졣
Ҫͨȫʮζʮ磬ʮᴩ壬Ϊѷ·߷쳣ÿͨ磬һ죬ֱ죬ʮȫͨѵζǵߺ͵ڰ
ھ죬Ҫ֮ͨšԲʿתΪ죬ͨȻ
ҲǸţôգѡ鼼̤Сгɾ͵Ľ׶ΡҲ֪Ϊ̫͵⣬鼼ļ̫ͣЧ˵ۡ
ֻͷ֮ϵĿУһ׵ȻԵĵμ㡣
ǿһöɫĳ룬ǣСľݵľŶ͸
ȴЩôô죬Ӫֲ꣬׳˲١Ҫôֲ꣬һһңܵЧ
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룬ȷʵܶࡣ
ҲʧÿĲֺô飬ǰң˷ܵģǡۡ
ÿȪϴۣˡۡ˹·ߣչ۹Ȼɣ
֣һ˫ۣԹ۲
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һϥµӰˢһʧ
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ףɱȻ͸ͨҪĶ࣬Ȼģǰṳ̂ԵٺҲǰ״ֻʧղˡ
һߣµҩչȥˣճĴͩĲݺͼݣѾոһ׼֣գֲϣѾҩӡճͨݣڼ֮С
Сʱ꣬˸Ŀתҩ񣬴ͩĲݺͼݵѾ죬ٴֲˡ
һ죬ӡ˫ְأвһΪ硣
ֻǣãǺ˿
һɻٴʩΪЧɡ
ҿǰ԰鰡ӺףаƵٴ
˫Ŀйעǰ֮󣬺޷Ӧ






ҿô£ģ޺
䣬Դϴ֮һֱûжĳֲ԰ǸеƵٴ𣺡ֲ԰ѹһ鼼
ΪʲôץסᣬϽ׷ʣȻһʧ˭ȥ
ΪСеɰͰ͵ġ
Ǹֲ԰ôڳֲ԰⣬ԴһܹŹ֡
ҪһΪеܸʱش
ôü׷ʵش̫ͳˡ
Σеȴǳ˰ΣҲӦ
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ðɣĲ鼼𣿡

ðɣݣľͷƵģԺͽӣߣһֱòӦҧҧ޺˼䣬ƨƨߵɫĳͷźɫĲۣԹ
ڶһ磬һףײһףڸкãҸоһůڻӣ
ȻñԺԣһʮ١һȥҪȥУֲҩһ֮ͭ⣬ҩ׼ˣͩ꼫ݣ꾲Ĳݡ
ǣСʱ㵽˷С۶ܿҵһȽĵΣҲҿ磬ȻһվĵضûС
ͳһϲڵϣڿνһƶϴ鲼Ϊ۵ӵʱϴĲ¸ĵġԱ˼ΣСӵȣǵ󵽱Č˿
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Һãҩܳ㣬ҩͳһӣֻʣһ꾲ĲˡͬʱڴģƷʯǰһµ¹Ȼ¹Ͻ㹩ġ
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ֻǣ˿̵Ů֮УȻһ˿ң˺ӣƺҪ·ӵģ
˿ҲˣܲǰλǼеŮǸ㱻ӵ۵̡
̡
˲֪ʱһϲͻȻӲԶ
ҵԶ
ѭȥһ꣬һĳһ湫ӵģ
ˣŵˡ
죬һǺ˰һжϳ˵ΪҲ۵Ĺ֮һֲܹʿΪңԷʱһŵаôܹӳۡ
ӡ˸򸣣
ߣԭ㣡΢Цų̵˵ͷŤͷˮ
ǰºڣҪŪϴε飬ӹһ٣ôأⲻ͵ǰΣԲܷŹɽʽӣĲУġзݣɱһ
ɫһɱЩϤ
һԵ̣΢΢˿ΪġŮҪߣʱҪƽľ˿ңҪЩ׼ЩĲݣǾǰһĻ
ոûϳǰļһجһΪǸװ׾СôڣңǼһȻ竣ҲͨǣȴҲӣǰˣײ
˵ҪĲݸҲΪĹϵһҹĳѾΪŮеʡʣȫԽɽţǣһأǹˡ
ʱ⣬ÿǸɶӰǳԺпĿޱȣȼʮҵУʮ꿪ʼͻͽΪȴһֱһ졣
ʱȴЩˣŮ񲻶԰鶯ĴУģǿ־壬һЩŭȴ˱еĳޡ


7 趼ʶ
ԣϽ·ΣԼΧߣ˼һת͵͵ʰ̯˵̯ӣʵһƥһ꾲Ĳݶѡ
ĲݣƳŮ鶯ηĴ۾һɿڵǸ̹⾲Ĳݣɡ
˵꣬Ҳ̵ķӦĲֱ˹ȥȴƲתߣһĶӵģ
ֳ˲Ӧˡ
ֻ˼̤סȥ·һɣȣߣûšˣɽŵӵݣ㷢ս㣬ҽӷ񣡡
ɶͶ䣬ΪԼˡΪսһһʦܣôֱ׳ȻǶ಻Ҫ
ҽӷ񣡡˱ƽһɱһȵ
˫ĿһУˣɱڲؾֹһΡУɽڴ󲿷˶ϲǣҲû˭ԹˣʶĿЩ̡֪
ѵйأ
ӣΪʲôӡ˼תӦ
ɲʲôˣԷ۸ͷˣ۸ȥͲˡ˵ˣһرĵ
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ꡣС㣬˵ı󣬿ʦ֡

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ߺߣСӣۣʱȱ첲ȵģɲܹҡʱһСģСӵԴҲǲѡ񡣡һȣаݡ
ʼ磬䲢С
һȺ˺һѣ·ϣв˼εΪ׳ۣҲȺУɫӡ
˵ˣʵҲһλسĹӣţҲ֪£һţ˱֤һѵû뵽龰սһ죬ƺЩԴСˡ
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ڴ˿̣ȴǲŲæ˫ֽӡһָһɫ˵

С¶Ц֮ɫ˽Ʒ鼼ѣһᵣһ㽫ɢ
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ȻۺѾʼӿʱ׼ˡ
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ǳ˶Է˵֮⣬һ˲Ũĵط²⣬ǾǶԷ鼼˹·ϵĹؼ룬ԷȻңڴңʱ˲ˡۿԷϺüŨ㣬
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ƲˣҪô׷Ź㣬
ȴǰһŽߵڵأڶԷϣȭͷֱԷк
顭

һʱ䣬䳡ϣֻȭȭĺĲҽҲǱˣȻͶ̨ϣֻҪһͶߵ̨ȥȻֹͣˡ
Σ̨µ˲ŷӦ
ǡʲô
ǷӮˣ
תҲ̫˰ɡһսʤ죬ˡ
з˼Ƿʲô
ԶԶԡӴˣٲ֮
˵ָˣ
ܽʲôӽǳˡ
벻׵ǣ˽Ʒ鼼ôʤ˽Ʒ鼼罣ġ
Ҳǲǡ
ƨǾǡҲˡһŵʦ˵鼼ֵȽףǾԵģʹ鼼Ҳܷӳ˵ЧǿȻһ˲䷢ö룬ⲻһġ
ô˵Ǹţ
Ȼء

ȻΧ˵ۣѵֳһ˿ºָͣˣֲЩջǸĸģôġ
̴˿̻ڴ֮Уʦ֣Ȼһ֮С
ס֣
ʱһѹס䳡


8 ֲ԰ǸǮ
ɽ˿̺ƣŵӣҲ䳡Ĺ£˼ҾӦöܵģǣ̨ǼһƺѾȭȭ⣬Ĳֺ
ֻǣλѾͷţ׵ĲӣֻϺɫͷңһһӣ˵ģһǲʱ̱ӡ
̧ȭͷ΢΢һ٣ո̫Ϸˣȭȭĸо̫ˬˣ£ʶˡ
ңȥģɱͬŵʹھ̨ϣҲýˬƲƲ죬˺˵·
·Ȼմ˵Ѫǣܹĳһ׳³ģɽڷ··ġ
ѽϵŵǮװ˲ʯˣ
ף壬ҲֵǮˣ
ŶǰѳҲģˣ
ھ̨ϣչΣ󣬿ˣֻʣһССİɫСڡ
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ûһԾתͷһվ̨ϣ˫۳鴤ĸɽһɻ󣬵λʦ֣𣿡
ûСɽ΢΢һ㶣Ҳûмĥ˵ȷʵûɶˡ
ףˣһûҲų̂ɡףָʬеˣһ̬չأǲǿ
ɽͫһ˸飬˿̣ǵɵɵƵôЩֲһ˿ɱ
ھ̨ϣһһƺҪ˻һֻʣһĳۣŬ׳㳦Ƶ촽ţӺһϡ
Ŷ״Ը˲ײڶ֮ƣһŶ˵˫֮䡣
ۣۣ

һǽиݰȻ𣬰һ֮ļֻոջһϢˣ˿ѾɴϺ˫֮䣬ѪϪʡССİڣѾѪɫ
ڳԣ޲ջһ˫ȷһۡ
ݰһȥֱӽˣ˸ˡ
һУһۣļԿɲǰаûӹۣһȥԴȥɾ
ٺ١̣㻹øлҰһ̣룬ȴȺ޴
ûȴȺУǸȻ
һЩڨڨ̨ƨƨߵֱȻ˸졣
Ȼ㣬ءȴһ˽ȻĻУ
ҿûɣʶӣƺ찡Ƴһʲѵ޴оԼе졣
ʱͲˣŲӣȻı£ƵĲ䵽λϽǰ
ˣ̡ǲǺˣд˱ӦҲӦáȻ̵磬ο
Ọ̇̄ͣȻ俴Ų䲻һצץ
һ˲䣬뵽ӥСĹ¡һצ㣬ǣ㲻ˡȻܹԷϵ㣬ǣܿƨãϰ
£ϽϢͬԨòȡ
һڣԲȻ̤֮šоһһȦߣϽԾ
ңңǺǡףòƺһЦ
ߣһѣԺ·šȻһ̣תͷߡ
úʣµβͣһᴦº󣬱Ǹ״˵ʱ򣬼ǵûȥһˡߣȻȻѾԶȻ˫Ŀ΢У߽ײϰĴ
ת˲㽫ɾ֮ԺΪºûؼһˣǣѾˣ˵֪Ī֪ĪĸؼҶеս
ɽڣֻʽӲɽ۵ӣ˳ɽڣȻһӶڵɽڴšҲ˵ǿӵѾûлؼˣı仯Ǻܴģôţ˿ǧȶȥֻ۷׷׵ˡ
ոûɣʦ㡣
ʦ㣬ҵ˰
㣬ߣ⡣˼ʦ洫ӣ˵ΪѾﵽ۷壬֮ͬڼʱܹͻƣﵽԪʵһڳϡڶʮڣǶ쵱
ߡΣֻŶԣʦɶϵƺʶӡ
᲻һġ
Ӧòɣˣһֱ֪ʦ㵽˰
Ҳ֪

һæµȥʱʱһףԱ֮׼úεջ
飬ֱɵˡ
ڻ·ϣΪ鷳ȫӽ˳ֲ԰óʱȴ֣˶ˡ
׼ȷֻʣһƥһһտյǮʯɣǰѽҲˣˣһ塣
һѾڳֲ԰СľݣһĶСֲ԰һ㶡
Ϊһ׽ոѣȻȫʧˡңƨĵطҲزʯͳ
ӣ⵽զ£оʹʯǮģǷҲӰ
еͻȻǰһͯͻȻֻ֡ͯСͷһСС١һɫĵۣͼ
˭ҵĺӣƳƳңһɻ
ʲôɾ˰ɡһͨݣЩո¶һӦҩףа⡣
ļе֪½壬һ֧ǲľõζֲ԰пܴڵģ¾һˣֻǣƨĵطҲûʲôǧֲﰡ
˵ҵʯᶼ͵˰ɡʲôͯӣɫơ
ֲ԰ҪʯѱֽաȴͯСźϣеƵͻȻ֡
ҿ㣬ӡע⵽ˣǻеƵǴͯӵд
ע⵽ͯӵ˫ۣնͣһһ㣬ƺûǡ
һ䣬ͯӴһ䡣
ԭⳬֲ԰Ҫġ̺£ᱻֲ԰ֽաֲ԰ΨһȫĵطСľݡ
ʱӽֲ԰ȴǳСľ棬䣬̺ĶȻӲֽյˡ
˵ǱȴƷ߷ԷС˵ʱ̫Уûзѳ
½ӵ͵ߣΪÿһַƷƷƷͼƷƷ
ǱĳȻֻƷǣ˵Ҳ˲õı˰ļе֪һƷĳҲֵʮƷʯ
ɶʯ˵飬ǿ壬Ȼ̺˵ҲǸСʮƷʯС̣û뵽һͻص˽ǰ
ҪʯʯһۻеƵͯӣаݡ


9 ĵҩͯ
һ£ƽе
ÿ鼼ȥҩæµ⡣
һΪﵽڣѾȫͨ
һ£ͻһ죬ٶȣ˵ȥˡ
Ҫ֪ʹȻʣڵ۷壬Ҳʱ䣬ȻԽͻԽѣǣˣʣҲɼһߡ
ȻҪ鹦ڳֲ԰һ첻ͣٶٶһףңͨݸһŽһţɲһ
񣬳ֲ԰һĶСѾȫֲһףһ룬ȴҩ
ѡѡȥһҩֱͨݡĲݺͼݣͨʱڷеĹ۲죬֣ҩһҩ֮УܻӭģУͨΪͨǹӦһͨݣֵƷʯȾĲݺͼһ
⣬ʮĶǿ鿿̶ĵطһ׵ľǿҲ˳ɱһֲ׺һЩһҩ
ڷлƷʯģϲ󷨻ѵ飬ܹ˿ƷʯʹһҲʮĶﲼþ뷨
ȻҪ˶ĿȻҩףͲ塣ڣô˵ҲԽһ
Թ緹ʰͣǧȣҪȥ塣
ԴϴڷмһöƵƷʯͲˡǷ֣ͨƵͨ絤ȻʮƷʯǳ׷ħˡ
ǣѡ˸ְɽڵŵӣڵֵͱʯȻĺãҲи
˵嵱ֵŵӣÿƷʯĳֵͣĺãпܽҩ
ûôõĴһʯĳͶûУΪѡǡҩͯӡһ۵ӸɵĻһЩӻҪĹǽĲϵķϵ
û취Ҫȥŵֻ̫̫࣬޳ܵŵӵݣ˼
ǧȲԶͽĻʱ㵽ط㡣ټǰպĻʮƷʯڲؾг¼һ˽Ʒ鼼·࣬Ʈޱȣ·ʱһ룬һرֻҪʱ
ĵһ졣
ҩǹ¶Сɽ¼Ѿʮˣϧûʣһֱ嵱ҩͯӡ죬һλֵŵӽҩͯӵĹ
˵֣ΪŵӣȻѡ۵ӵĹҪ֪۵ӣͶ񣬳һٷûж͵ġҩͯӿˣλŵӣ϶Դˡ
λȣλҩͯӣͯӡ
ҩҩͯӵĹܼ򵥣ÿʱ嵹һҩɡɲҩģʵ͵ʦѧյġȻʱҪȫ˼
˵ҩĵص㣬ȴһ֮µɽȣȡΪ˹֮УǱͷϵһ
ҩ˴ڲߣҪǧСģϴλҩͯӣǲСĵ¶ˤġȻҲûпȱ
ҩͯӵĹܼ򵥣ҩ㽻ϣȥæԼˣҩͯӣҪźʦʦǣǵ֡
壬һƷ͵ػ֮ϣڳϸԴͨػ棬ҡ
½Ʒʣӵ͵ߣΪƷƷƷͼƷƷɶ
ĵӲ࣬ȫŵӣΪ츳ĵӲ࣬ڴ˴ģǱӡȻҲнǰҪһķá
ңƷƷƷ
һƷС
ֻ룬һ˸ߵ¯¯֮£ʺĻ治ͣţУһҩ㡣
ɴ۾һλɫ֮У¯ڼĶͷѾ
һλŵӣƵһ׵Ⱥ¯з˼ݺͱĲݣúһϵۻҵӡ
ӡǼסˣϧֻһףȫת͵ѧ
²⣬һŵӲϰԦ鼼ûӡת¯µĵػ֮𲻶
ĲݣҲһһҩ;ĲݵĹò࣬ҸԵܵãΪҩһֺù󣬻˺ڷãۻȴܹܺõĵͼеĴɷ֣֮󴿾
ۣ
ȻƬֻ̹¯Уһֵ¯ϣȻƮƺ̣ڵҲѸ
ⵤˣ
鵤һϣǾԲܷãΪϵж
ͬĻʧܣܶ඼ܽҲƻ˲ϵĲʣͬϵûٷֽġԣŻڵȡ
״ƨƨߵȥʰҩһ㶼ƷҷƷңԼ֣ϵ߲רŵУ⵹ҩͯͬҵе뵤ȡ
λŵӵԲôãü˼
ʦ֣Ҿʱǰ涼ܺãֻĹؼʱ̣ûаסһʰһ߿ڵ
ʵ֮У꿪ʼʱ˳ֻڵʱûмʱסûɵ˿̴¯ͳģһЩڵɢװûгɵ
ƳһüͷѵһһСС۵Ӷʲôѵ
һ˲꾪ķ֣۵ӣȻһʿΪһոһֱû֣Աߵ۵ӣȻһλʿ
ʲôʱ۵ӣʵˡ
λʦܣʲô֣Щ棬һʿʵ۵ӣ棬Щΰ
ʦ֣֪ʦִףһЦ
е찡꿴һСֹע⵽ɫĳɵĳ³㣬ȻѾɫŹ֣ȻŶ㣬
ôʦʶ£һУƺʶλʦְѵǿӵе
һ죬ܳڿʱǿͻ˰ΪȻˣҲԽսǰСӣСﰡ
ǺǡһЦҲ͡
ҽ֣壬ŵӡҽܵЩȻаʱŵӱϡοʵŵӡ
֣ʦ֡ԺҪʦֶЯϽ׽
û⣬ˣô嵱۵ˣ֣˵ͷ˫۶ȴһ䱸źʵʵǸ˰թѪˣѾȫȫ˸ˡ
ʦ֣˵ʵһֱѧţֻһֱ£Σֻѡ񵱸ҩͯӡһ࣬߿
Ŷԭˡ֣˵ͷոǾ׼㣬ʵֻҪʣǷǳܵġֻǷ˼չʱҪһȡ
ģû֪ǣֱۣܹ۵Ŀ¯е仯Ͳţƣ˵
ҵǿԸֻһ£Ҫ׼֣忴ɫѹһ״
ɶ£ɫŹֵ֣壬ܵĸоЩ
ȴ֣ƳƳңС˵ı磬洫ӣؼģһĴʦ֣


10 ֲ԰
Ҳԣд󱬴ֿڣԵ֣ɽǧӣôһǧȣһͷ
ǸǮĻʦܣæɣˡ֣˵꣬Ƕȥ
ƽһʰо֡
ôõҩ˷ˣⶼǮǺҩĩϧЩĩɶҩ
ҩ԰ҩ̫ˣƺ뵽ʲôֱţСУ
ֲ԰һ̺ĶЩҩĩȻˣҲ̺İ
¼飬һеҩĩ˲ʧȴǱ˳ֲ԰
עֲ԰ֻǷĩںϣ˲㱻ûȥۼ
Ŀԣ˷ˣ״Ī㵸Ц춼ϲ£ҿʱƷûˣȻ˼һΪв
ܹΪ壬ĵУҩͷϵЩԱ˵ûõȴǱ
һֱôʯֲ԰û뵽ᾹȻͰǰ
ﳩδһߣ֣ȴֱȥ˵ҩһ֮С
ʦܣôˣ֣˶棬ȴһŵꡣֻһ˫ۣмơ
ʦ֣Ҫҵˣ۵ӡ֣һЦǰλɽڵ洫ӣ״ӣ˵ıɡ
Ŷ嵱۵ӣҵˡüͷһһһЦ֣壬ЦЦλʦܣ顣
ǸҲ֣ܲԣɫ΢䣬
ˣֻܴĹϵҪʱһ֪ͨġ΢У
õģʦ֡ǡ֣һЦ
ˣĳ͡˵ţӳһǮ°ˣĺô
лʦ֣ʦ͸ˡ֣ӹǮһöƷʯ
Ȼ֣ߣҧɱһıˣѾһˣǱ뱨ġ
ֻǣǰҪʰʱȻȻֹ鷳
ȻȻͬɽڵ洫ӣǣȻƽ̵״ӣΪǿᣬǣ
ȻǲޣǣҲòϢˡ
ݣǲˣ󽫾Ķӣԭ׵ݣͲܸһв˵󽫾Ķӣǻʵ۵ĶӣɽڣҲÿ˵
Ψһ鲻ģȻʲôϵȻһУء
ɽڲ֣ܶءͲˣһӲšڣⲻ
ʱȴ۵ӵĲ®ʵǰҩͯӵĲ®͵͵˳ֲ԰һףԱ֮󣬱ϥ
ʱľлܿ죬ʱһͰͷϵƨƨߵֱȶȥЩ󲿷ֶƷҶģо󲿷֣ǵҩӵϵģԴˣҲֻܸ̾Ӷ
ɲЩûΪ۵ӣȻߣѲƬ̱ȵס
ǰģСɽһĵУһǿҵĴ̼ζ
ӦиϢ󷨣Ȼô̱ǵζ嶼ŵűӣаѰ˼
ʵЩᱻڴߣôȵĵôֻô㡣
һ㶼۴ЩũЩ֮УȻкʣǣϸĻֳܹٺöЩЧ
ЩԳֲ԰£кģֲ԰ֽա´ͰҲ˲Ǵ̱ǵζƨɣֲ԰ŵ
һᣬյʱ򣬳ֲ԰ǻеƵֱӳԺ
㣬죬ϣֲ԰С
ֲ԰ɹ
Ժеܲˣ۾ŵ͸ɾԲݡ
Ƭ̹ڳֲ԰չǰģһԲĶСĿռ䣬ռһͷһȪˮһСᴩСϪϪҲؿ˲٣ˮϸϸʡ֮£Сľȴûһ仯
ֲͼ¼ּȴǱˣֲ԰
ȼ
壬죩
ȡ11%
ﰡĶҲˡץһѺɫᣬһ
СͯСͯϴǸ㶵ͯ֡
ֻǰһһֳͯ
ûġƲƲ죬ȣָƤϵġȡڵСͯʲô˼
ֲ԰ĽȡСͯɺܻе
ɫһȰٷֱȣֱ۵Ŀֲ԰Ĳⳬֲ԰ƺԽԽˡ
գһۿյĳֲ԰ۣȥջҩӡһҩΪĸ꣬Ѿ졣
ϣ컯⡣öҩӷ벧۵ʱһԵСͯ䲻ڵ
ɶһֻо˲ӿ벧ۡ
ϳɳɹջӡСͯɡ
ݣʶĿֻۣ棬ոշöҩӣֻʣһö
ѵʶʲôһ𣬸Ͻֲͼ¼Ȼ֣ͼ¼ֶһҳ
Ƶģȴһź;Ĳ뼫мҩͼƬҲ࣬һֲ֣ݣֲ
Ч
ڡ
ҿӽŴһ˼顣һµƷ֡⾲ݣû˼ݴĸãҾȻһﵽֲЧȣ϶ˡ
ʼ飬Ƭ̹֣ҩӣֻоĲݺͼܹϳɣҳɹʼͣͨݣȴǲҩϳɣһϳʧܣӶ
ңҩֲ꣬ǲܺϳɵģⲧۣƺֻܺϳӡ
ⲧۿ˲õıŶˣ컯Ȼ컯ͨͨĺɫۣǺɫͳͷ
Сͯǳͷô⣿ЩȲ
㣬޷⡣Сͯеش
Ҫʲô׷ʵ
㣬޷𡣡Сͯɡ
ðɣǸӡŬΣֻŭ̾һһԿ϶ͳͷǷֻûҵĴ
ʰһ˳ֲ԰صǧȡ
һ£ֹæµʵʮĶиϣÿ󲿷ֵʱ䣬ȹġ
Դӳֲ԰ΪȪЧҲˣġۡ˳ɱ˽Ʒ鼼
һ֣ߵĺܽͨۿӣӲ͵ŵӲġԦ˽Ʒ鼼͵͵˴֮
ֲ԰һɫǶҩҲ̭ˣ˶ױףֱף̣ͨһööɫıʯԲԣڷãټ϶ͨݵãΪӲڡ
˵ͨݣһͨȣȻͨݣЧûȵģͨݣͨɫҶͬһɫʵ
ͨݣǱףһ㶼صصнʿõģͽ׾ҩ˵ȥĽһˡ
⣬ҲͻԵĽͨǳû˵ʱԼ͵͵ϰǳɹĳֶ鵤
ˮƽʵѾ֣壬ֻķһֱչأҲûаʦĻᡣ
죬׼ȥ壬Ϊգ׵ȻǼһǱҪصġҺ۵Ӳ뿪ɽڣѾûлؼˣ꣬ʮ굽ʮ꣬ı仯֮ˣҲỳɵġ
ǰգȻҹֻλϽ㣬ƺЩæԣգԻؼҡ


11 ȺΧ
Ǳߣ̤ϻؼҵ·ߣıʵͿʼ
壬ɵĶ֮С
֣һЦСѾˡ
Ŷôˣüͷһɱһ
ٺ٣ʦַģ޵ģСˣ֣ٺһЦһ⡣
ǣǴɽֵıԵһ㶼ǵͽȷһʧɶ֣壬ɱһʱ򣬱ˣοڵ졣
ʦģʹǴֱԵҲһͷͷңҵĹ۲죬СսǸϴ̫жѡ֣г
һµദ֣ƺûжսһ飬鼼ƺֻ͡Ψһһսıϴھ̨¶ġЩͽ׵鼼ϴ˻Ұܣȫ̫УСãô˵ϡ
ţڹϡɳ΢У
İɣʦ֣֣ٺһЦ
Ϊ
ɽɽʮ￪⣬ˣӿڴͳһöɫͨ͸鵤볬ֲ԰СľС
ö鵤ƵģΪöҩζһҩƵģڸǵͽ׺нʿһΪ
һֱϣڸڵΪȻͻ죬ٶȣ˵̫ǣǰıȣȴ̫ҫˣľ֣ش֮ĵĵġ
һµͼλؼңҪɽֵıԵżһЩͽ޳û󲿷ֶһأ޺ٳֳ֣Ϊܹá
˵ɽ֣ɽɣ޴ڵһ㶼ɽ֮У棬иޣиֲ˵ɽһȻ⡣
׼´λȥѰȻΧŴԪޡʵɽÿ궼вٵɽ
ٷѾʽɽֱԵ
գƺЩ֣һ·֮ϣ޵ĵͺովͿһͷһܶ˫۷Ź⣬ˮϣǿʲôζֳֻΪǰ
ЩԾȫ䱸ȻûгţǣûԹ⻹ûɽΧôôѣңƺϣʲôǡ
ã֣壬ǻҪң˼תȻѾһҧгݡ
ϣҪ˵Ψһ쳣ĵط˵
죬֣ͻȻƿҺ˵Һϣܹģرʱ򣬻ܹӿСһ֮£ЧȻΪˣ֣弸ҩ
ֻòǱ෴ܾڿΨһ⣬ǳϡ
ˣ֣壡ɣһ˲䣬ǰȫͨ͸ϲͣ±㽫ȫӽֲ԰ֻʣһСڡ
ͬʱһ߱ȥǵãһӡ
ʵո׼볬ֲ԰һֱȵɢٳֻǣոһԺУȴСͯĻежս״̬㣬޷볬ֲ԰
ӵⰡд
̲סˣҲǿͻȻ룬ոջͺѵޣ˿̣׷ŭֱ
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
޺𼸺ͬʱͷһ׷ģͷޣһͷܣһͷǻһֻӣɿǣһޡ
ɲҴ⣬ͷһޣһ¾Ͳˣɲȷ״˶Զ
ֻŲͣӡһָöɫֱޡ
ǡɵı֣ܹ˲䷢ö룡
ۣ
󼸺ͬʱֻܽŶأһ׶ضſһ£һгһ磬һŻ
öӦ𣬲еͷأߣȣǻ˵㣡
ֻһţͷ޵۾Ⱥ󣬱һѪ񱼵Ȼһ𣬷׷㵹ڵϣһĻۡ
ˣȻǷ룬һǰһ󣬿ö롣
˲ö룬ѾԽ˽Ʒ鼼ķ룬Ҫ˵鼼뻯ľ磡
޵Уȥ
ǣƬ̹ȴֿ񱼻һ࣬󣬽ͷɳĺɫ㣡
Ǻڼޣһɫۼ׵ǹ룬ңͨǳȺӣʹޣҲǡ
˿̣ѾʼˣˣˮҲ޵ģոܵӱߣ׼ϴȥһû뵽ӭģһȺڼ
ʵֹǴУޣرһȺɭɭʳ㣬׾ˮĴ㡣
ݲ˵ˮﻹޣȺʳ㣬ȻֻһޣǧֻޣҲǰţֻҪˮһĹ򣬾ͻᱻеİ㲻ʣ
ҿûи׼ˡͷһۣȴͷڼԵصͷ޿ֱӵ׷
ܣǱʬɢڼעĴ㣬û뵽Ⱥ㣬Ⱥļһ
⵽ʲôȪҲת򣬼񱼣Ѿڱƽ
ոںӱߵʱһ£Ȼֲܽ԰ǣȴԴóǣֲ԰ȪˮϴȥҲǸĽļһֻóһȪˮʵ顣
Ȼһ棬ҪǣȪǸܹ޳˽Ʒңֲ԰ֲܹٳ죬ȪҲ˲á
ԣãȪ˵ҲǸ޵ĶСΪϣǱóһΡ
飬ϽȪֲ԰תܣ
һ˲䣬˫۷ŹĺڼʳͻȻƵĿڼԥ׷׵ǣʳ㾹ȻԾˮ棬һһĵƽ
Ͳˣ˦Ѿӣܡ⻹ˣҪ
ҿ
еһһ٣Ѹͣ£ͷڼ׷ͣ£ǲ׷ˣǰȻһͷڱϢȻ죡
ͷڼͷӶɣԶ
ɾ˶״ЩʵֻҪ̤֮·ӵһЩǣԪǵ̣죡
޻ܻΣ
ޣѾнޣһ㶼ڴֱԵò˵㱳
ǰĺڱ࣬ûкڼ󣬵ϢȴֲĶࡣһɫëƤźڹ⣬ɫ˫ۣ׹¶ͺëֱ
һвֱ


12 ɱ
Ҳ٣ڷ籪СҪˮˣ©ƫҹ꣬ʲôʲôڷ籪óٶȣжݣϢޣ
۾źڷ籪գҲգȫ䱸⣬΢⣬֮𰡣
𣡡
ƺûҵ㣬ǻεĺڷ籪һͺ̤أͷ
ĸҴ⣬ȫʩΪʱɫ뻯⣬ڷ籪Ҫȥ

ڽ뽫Ҫڷ籪ʱȴ޼צڵϻһ𻨣Ȼڰ;˼һת
üһһУܹ룬ǴûзĲ湥һʱ䣬
üһһȣһŶڵ֮ϣʱֻһٹ죬ƤͻȻʯתͷڷ籩ȥ
˽Ʒ鼼
׼ȷѾˡķ롣Ҫӡﵽ˲ĳ̶ȣǽ鼼ֱһƷﵽ˽ƷΪ鼼ȡ˸֣
ۣ
üһǺڷ籪ҲثֻıצһӣһŵĳнʯʿһӣǴ
Ṧ򣬵Ȼš
ֻһӣʱһͻȻͷᣬ׷ϸʱ
˽Ʒ鼼
Ȼǳ뻯ľ磡
֮һʼʩչģ˴εġ˺ü
ȻûɱǣҪˣˣơֻϲͣȴѸӡӡʩչӿֻǵˮΣȻųɫĹΣ
ۡ
һ˲սΣȻвٱɳ״̬ų
Ȼ鼼ںϣ
͡ںΪһֱ˽Ʒ鼼һ죬ȫɱɳ״ں鼼ˣǾ˽Ʒ鼼ﵽ˽׾ƷҲһ
Ҫ֪˽Ʒ鼼һ㶼Ǹ߽ʿġ˵˽׾ƷˣǶ洫ӵר
Ϊ鼼ȡ˸֣
һ˵ʵҲ˲ϢǽٸŽɫ飬ڷ籪ȥ
𣡡
䡭
ڷ籪һ˫צп쭶ײ֮ϣȻ֮
ֻϧ̫࣬ڷ籪ķȻã˲书ֻ
Ƭ̹סչǰģһͷǧٿ׵ĺڷ籪ѪЩ״СĶʣڷ籪ϢȫޣȻѾ
״һҡΣоǰһ󷢺ڣ⡶ѹֶΣһΣҪ˳ɵ֮ǰս˿̣Ȼֻʣ°ɣء
⡶ԣ׼ʱȽϳ
ԽնɱޣǺѾǸ漣ˣҪʶ֪°͵õһء
ʲôʣЩ˿޿ǿɵ鼼㶼ǳ뻯ľ硣ں鼼µ鼼Ǻεȵ
ȻǣһأҲҪأǱԺǸ֡
ÿ֣оܿȻɣˬٶȷɿ죬鼼Ҳܿٽ״̬Ҵͨɿ졣
ƺһ˺һ״̬
̫ˣţһգոϴȥϵζ𣬰װսôʱ䣬̫ԩˡ
ֻǣ˿̵ǰ㡶Ҳˣοϴӡ
һ˲յɫȻһ䣬ͷ亹תͷȥֻ֮ǰԶͷڼ˿̣ƽ
һȺӲĻɫ֣ҧгݣոһ׼볬ֲ԰ָһû뵽СͯȻʾս״̬㣬޷롣
ȥֻͷڼˣͷһȻˡ
ߡǱҵġͷĺڼҧҧУһźɫĵҩһӽǰǰ¶ǡ
öҩб鵤ԼƵģѪݺͼݣѪݣǶҩܹ˲伤Ǳһȱ㣬Ǳ˷񣬶º֧
ⱩܹѪ˲伤ǱĹЧмݵĵܹͣ˲ָͽʿɵº󣬻вĺ֢
븹оУ˲ָɣģһֿѪĳ嶯
ɣŪǣֻһСãһ໽еĳڱƽĺڼ
ͬʱһѺУǳֲ԰ǰѺ
Ȼ֪ǳͷʲôǣǲ˵ģƷеǼ¯סͳͷһΣ
Ҫ֪˵Щ¯߿ƷȻ͵͵ԣֻ¯ССĹκۣѷ֡
ͷڼȻƤ񣬵ţǾסһεġ
ֻһŶأƤʯǵأһӱ㵲סͷڼߡ
ٺ٣Ȼޣǣ֣¶Ȳɡ緢źڼ裬ٽӽһڹ⣬һͷڼ
УͷڼΪۺ񣬸ոպڼУۼȻҪУԸһ㿳ںڼǼӲϡ
ۣ
о΢΢һ٣ڼ֮УʱѪ罦Խ磬ڼĳǴһ֮Ѫ
ǴбϣֱﱬƵĽ
ϣɱ⡣еԺȻеĺһڹ˸ͬ컯Ȼˣ
һеһѽľľһ׶ͨڣƺܹչߡ
ɶа⣿ЩոտϣոѪա
ۣ
һ˲һˮʯɨĸ첲ʱѪ⻹ʱѾŲŲӣߣ첲Ͷˣ
ܳڣܴ˺ʹ˿񱩵ԳױѪ˫ۣɱڼⲫ
ۡ
ûѧ𳤽һ
ͷڼǵѪùˣǺڽֲ̫ˣǵĺڼףһֲֽǣǹֽȻѪǸо˥Ƭ̹򣬱˳µĳһزƵʬ塣
Цһƨڵϣ˿ȫԡѪȻ󲿷֣Ǻڼģϣ˸첲ǿ飬ؿһ˿ڣҲһһӡ
㱣סСˡеٺĸо˿̣޴ƣвͣϮ񣬱ĺ֢ˡ
һɱڹһֱͨͨĺ
ƹĺñЦ춼ֵӣոշˣɱңܹľѪ
Ψһˬıǣյľһ㶼ֱӽ˳ֲ԰תΪ
ҡҡͷ̾˿۹תһʬ壬ЩҲ
ֲ԰ȱģ
׼վĵڣһ׹ͻȻ
ˢһվ
ˣ
ƺһӲͷϣǰһڣʲô֪ˡ


13 ѩ
Сɽŵһ˵ζܵģоζãѭ
ֻζֻ˲ţֻѭŸоɽΧȥ
ڴֱԵһֵˣΧźöʬ壬ײеӡֻϣƺһоеϢ
ǣС˹ȥ䵽;û뵽ǹ˾Ȼˢһվģһײǰ㡣
һײݰСһӱ߸ߵ𣬸оӶ΢΢һٿǹˣѾſڵϣһ
СһϽӣͷ˹ˣãûأϵϢúء
Ƭ̣Сûļ󣬲ɴ˸ǡ
ʵȥˣոһգټҵһײôҲҪϼ졣
ڵͷСͻȻ̧ͷ׵΢΢һת֮Уǰ֮ɫ˸ǣŵأ׵ȶһſڵϵȥ

˫ۣƺһɽйЩ谵
ϵƺ˴ˣǹҲʧˣֻǣȫ£ֻһСá
΢΢̧ͷоԴһʹüͷ΢壬а˭Ҳ߯ˣӲ˰ɡ
ͬʱӳֲ԰óһϽϣ¶Żе㲻ϰߣοֻİɽ
ףˣſĲԶһλŮƺϥ
Ůʮ߰ģüۣС죬ССĹЩǷȴƽһӢ
УŮӼֱɲ⣬ϢϽ㻹磬Ԩƺ
ۣ
谵Ĺ£ֻŮͻȻһϺһһѪݵԵ
û°ɡһϽǰеѯʣע⵽Ůƺ˲ˣ³ѪƺһֵĻڡ
ߣŮӴȻĿֱһ߸˪
Ǹģоһˮͷܵţɴ˸ף˸˵Щ
ɽֵŮƳһϵһ
ɶ㡭㽫Ҵδʲô˼ԣ˺˵ΪǿԻΪεģѹǰŮӿôס
ҽѩˡŮɫ䡣
ŶץΪЩʹԴһ䱸
ߣʶôѩһ㲻Ŀˡ
״Сĵ򶴿ڴŲŲӣŮûзӦ˦Ѿӣ򶴿ڴȥ
ѩüûᡣ
ٷֻСԹԻصɽ֮СҵĸԹԣɽֵ޵ʵǿոճȥԶԶһͷ״ޣϢ
ڽ֮ǰ˳ֲ԰һˣһףúõӣоƺ˺üӡ
Ǹѩ㣬˶ãһڨЦܲɣϽ׽
졣ѩ۶
죿΢΢һ΢΢͵ĶӣѹָոջôУǱϵѾˣǲ֪Ͻûзʧˡ
һ䵭ѩƲƲ죬ڶ˸طϥָĻ˯ǻָˣӣΣķĴһʵҲһְȡ
谵ɽУһʱš롰֣оΧΪһ壬ɣ׻Ϊٻָ
ϥ˵ѩУۿɫ΢΢档ĿʱȻܲ˵ĴڣֱǲܷģСӣȻܹĸ֪
ѩʼ΢΢ƻСˣҲѴ˵صϣпСϡ
һʱ֮һ˫ۣͫһ˿⣬ƶֱӴͨԲ֮
ڵľȻͬС죬ǣ˸бÿ˶Щͬԣ񣬱ҵ졣
ˡո˫ۣѩǱ㴫
Ťͷȥȴѩ̬ǰĵϣѪһЩЩǵѩ㣬û°ɣ
˵ְ꣬ԼûϢ
һ飬Ҫæѩɣɫ΢΢͡
ɶ£е䱸һû°
ȥڡѩ΢΢һ٣ֵºô
ԣһѩһߣžһ䣺ôôҲҪ㿴㣬ôߵΪŪôһˣԾ˳ˣڻпܱ׷ɱֻǸСආС첲Сȵģ˼ҿһָͷͰûˣ
ȷһ߳ɽ𣿡ѩһ߿һЦһҳԶӡ
˲ת䣬ӱתΪģСĸβûס
˫ͫˮĶˣ˼ʩ϶ҪС಻ͨͨ۷ֱа
Ǿˣھͳߣѩİ
ɶҴӦ𣿡Żع򶴿ȥѩҧҧƨƨߵĸȥͬʱаԼûϢ
һǰһɽΣһ䱸ɽǿ޲С첲Сȵģһֻܽ˺顣
ɺ޵ģǳֲ԰ʲôս״̬ܽ룡ҿһֱǱŰ״̬òá
ֵǣһ·֮ϣ˵ˣ޵ӰӶû
Ǹѩ㣬ɽ𣿡ʼԼԴǲǱûˣڳֻþˡ
Ȼǰһͷޣ״ϢֲޣǼ£ϣмһ˵ܴڿпǻþһ뵽ǱӵӰ΢Щ
ѩĻֽԭΡ
ϴڵһŵϢԶġ
ʲôΪ۷Ź⣬´ѩǿѪޣ޵Ѫģûһͨģ
ؼǣڵǵֵʯ
ԪѩƳһ
Ŷѩ㣬Ǳ˭׷ɱʵܰԡ
ߣһȺСˣѩһɱһɽ֣·Ϳˡ
ҵģôЩԺ
ˣ˹ѩ˵꣬һ٣Ҳ˵ڵңֻǸͨˡ
ɶһУͨˣͨɽҡڵţװʲôβǰҪͷ޲ڵˣǾ˰
ʵеȺǿ֢ģ˿̣ΧïܵĴ֣оǱţʱ׼һ


14 
һֱɫѩ˿ԷȻɫ䣬û˿̰֮ɫ˵ʵԼ״ǰλòƲ׵СӣУǺģԣ㲻
óȻ߶Էʵʥ̣ͷС
ʥʶԣƶ񡣼ǰۿС׽֤˲Ǽа֮
ǰСͷǸԵӡô£ѩһֱ벻ס
ѩת΢΢һ̾ҵĶ֣м뷲ȨЩϵһ·Ͽ϶иڣԣȥڣҪ㡣
ðɣȳĴ˵ɡ
һ·ϣһûһţûʲôޡ˽⵽ԭѩͼնɱľԣڷսƷʱ˳ͻСսߣΧˣȻӳˣǣҲ֮ĩһѹƣ޷䡣
֮Ϊһڵ֣Ϊڵһ鵤ζҩ֮һ
鵤ܽʿͻļʰθɣҲ˵ֻɳɹʵģԴﵽ߳ɣһֲܿ֡
֪ǰλʵǿŮӣԭһԪԲĸ֣
һζҩѩʥ֮Ѫ

ʱ֮ڳɽ֡
Ǹѩ㣬ôһֱû׷ɱ˰ѩԪԲĸ֣׷ɱˣȻӹ֣ûȻˣǣҲ߼з
İɣûй򡣡ƺ˼ѩ΢΢һЦڣֵ·ˣȥģ
ûй򣿡һѩתǵķɫӣ̾˿ǡؼҡ

һϢһˣ
˱棬һʱַǷ
󽫾ʱһƣűѩС֣˫۷Ź⣬һ꺮ů
λΪһϢԲȻΪΪĹϵĺܺãһ˸ˣס
ѩڽǵʱ򣬾ȻȥȫϢһͨŮӡݣҲԸĶ£ֱǻ˸ˡ
⼸ȥˣһϵͻȻŤͷһһ˧磬ģٷ磬ǷӣüĿϢΪƺûѩǿ
λϵΨһеģڵķɫ
ס⼸Щ鵢ˡҷУλϵǸ˰ҪҺãû󽫾Ȼڣ
ʲôظʲôӺò׻һأʲôףȻոջһ飬ѩ꺮ůı˿̣ȴԽŵ޴󽫾üԡ
ˣ㡭̫ˡ޴󽫾һ޺޵Ŀһһۣ㷢ֲͬˡ
ף죡޴󽫾һһץס
Բʱܹͻ죡꣬ͻ죡ؿ˭˵ӵĶǸ޴󽫾Цļһ˷ܣģ
΢΢񣬼Уλϵʱôɫ
ڲ֪ҵĶӣȻǺġ﷭˷ۣһ˵ѩһԺ״
Ͻأ״Ͻתƻ⡣
ƺæҲûؼҡ޴󽫾˵꣬ʵȻϢ˵ָˡ
˵һĲ˵һĶϵһŵ׹⣬ӲŲӣشɴࡣ
ϵģ޴󽫾ûзļͷοҲãû㳤ˣҲˣҲǸΪѧĶˡ
λǣ޴󽫾ڿԼŵѩ
ߣҶϱѩôƯɡһԺһ͡
ʵһ亹ǰλһԪԲĸ֣ҲҲˡ
áϵģѩֱӴĻͷ΢΢һЦ绯꣬ɿˡ
ϹӵĹˣдСĸѹ
ããã޴󽫾ĻοӣļͷСӣӵķ緶뵱꣬ʱǵһ˧磬Ҳǵһ֧Ľǵˣܹų֣Ǿ
ס죡ԣͨ죬һȡ
ǸȲˡ޴󽫾һеɱתܣ龰еĶӵ˼
æ𣿡΢΢һ㶣ʵոտϵսſڣвٽƺʲôӡ
֪ƺǹʦȫǽϡƲƲ죬Ϊ
ѩһۡ
׼ȥһˡڵ
ŶڼסߡЩᡣ
񣬱뾡ɣھߡҲЩᣬǰǸ¶һδζĸо
ŶǿȥأȡսŵӣѩڼҡѩС֣һֵļơ
ǸѩϼңҲ˳·ȥĶͷʼˡ
ŶҲãϣʱѾˣߣʱ㸸ףɼױҲһ·͡Щʧ
ſ飬ý˵ѶԲգۣתȰοϣİɣɽŵӣĸ۸ǣ
ŹࡣϱԹһ䣬Ҹǰŷȥ

һ˹֮ķ䡣
СӣûʲôǷ֮롣ڴϵѩһֱһĵ΢΢ü
ǣ룬ϣ˯ģվڴµһ޹
ȷʵǰŷˣǣֻһ
֮ˣ¶ޣ˯ѩ
˵Уǿˣô˯ϣֹȴǸôһ¡
ԣѩĿ΢䡣
Ծԣ㲻ɣٺһЦѸ£ϡ
㡭ѩĿɿڴˣôô޳ܡ
ڴϲߣʼմˣϥ£й롰֣ܿ죬붨֮С
ѩһԿĿɿڴʲô˰£붨ˣʲôҪ֪ʣҪ붨һҲҪһĹ
ңһƺֽ״̬ˣĸ֪о˵Ĵڣƺ˶ΧĻ֮С
ʣôܻΪѩһɣһصССආֻһʱû뵽һȣȻôһ̥
ѵʣǸովѣѩɫһʦ˵һ˵ʣȫģЩˣǺѵġѵļʱˣһɳ죬裬Գ֮
ѩֳоžʬ壬жϣһΪرͷĺڷ籪ȫ£ôף״ҡ
ɵİɣѩͷһʦ˵ĲԳ֮־мֿܡ
ֻǣһֱ벻׵ǣôȫͿأ


15 ·ɱ
һҹ޻ڶ峿һǶȥ
ݳģһ꺺ӣ޴󽫾ŵУ޴󽫾Ļ֮һΪڣһ֣˴ΣΪ˻һС
ʱȴڳ֮ϣһ亹
û뵽ǻܳУѩ
ᣬᰡһ亹һ·֮ϣʲôһ度֮һаŮ蹫ǿ鹫ûһûѩ̬ԽԽ䡣
Ҳҿˣټδ飬ԣϳȻһһĭ
ж캦ǽһƣᡣ
壬ٶȣҪãûǾﵽĿĵΪ
үŰ¡һԼࡣ
°˵ͷǲԶһһأһµʱ䡣
ڳȴ볬ֲ԰С
ֲ԰Ķȫ׺͸ɫҩű˲עʱ򣬽ȥˮոׯڡڣֿѾ˽ǧıףиɫҩЩһòģڼģ·⡣
ֿ⣬ԼģʵҲֻԣû뵽СͯҲûԣҲֿҲֲ߳԰ķֽ֮ܣ
ʱʱԭϢ˸ֲ԰ͳףһһ롣
ѩӹ룬һĴӣһɡ
ӣǬ͸ģʵĿռ䣬Ҳףȫװ˰ɡ
нӹ룬ʲôҲû˵ͷְǱģһŲܣһŲ֪
Ҳ˵ķӦһ·֮ϣ϶ҪԷҪ¶ݣҲͣԼȥɡ
Ա֮ٴ·
ţڳƳһ˱ǹٵ˲˵Ҳûʲô֣ǣոշоɱֱ
СӣɱȻѩͻȻ
ɫһӱޡ
ߣӣ׷һߣƬ̹򣬱֮ǰ
ֻһһ٣УߵΪڣһ꣬˫ĿаϢڡ
үҪȥİ˫Ŀ΢УЦЦ
ǡǰЩϤףЩȷ
ûүȻϵ£䣬ɱһ
Ŷ㰡⣬ˣļˣһĳЦ
Ҳ֮ˣ丸һλسԸӣǺˣһҲ度֮һ
ĺ棬۵ŮһΣȻ֮£ײһٱ򣬸ǽ˵Ĳᡣ
Ҫ˵Ǻ˻ǻˣҲɵɵֲ塣Ҫ˵ǿӵǺ˰ɣ裬ΪҪ˵ǻ˰ɣһר۸ˣңô֮ġ
㡭ԣ׹ʢۿҪ֡
ȵȣϽֹ
ôģֺһӡ
ǸҶ֣Щˣ˵ǻûжԶ׳Ĳ硣
ߣкβң񣬱үǿӣһɵķɱҲɱˣһЦ
Ŷ˵ͷʵһɣɽڣûȵġ
˰ɣ״Ц֮ڿԱˣҪھȥ
¡Һ°ҿɽڵӣҶ֣СĸΣһֵģ
ߣʮ껹еķɽô㣡£϶ͽˣЦѣ·߸ϵ飬ˣ˴λؼңʵǱɽ
İɣүԵߣնɱֱָС
үɫȻ
ǿǿԼɣûлشǱߣѾЦΣϣڱ˲һѳǹӭ˺Ȼսһ
ٺٺ٣˵һģһŪģҪۿţŮôӵĿ½лģһЦʣֱָ
䣬о֮Уһɭɱֱ裬֪ǵʲôĿֲڡ
˸飬أϢ˲ſ
ΪֶΣѩڵġϢΪԷΪһ󾳽磬ǺѲġ
ôܣͻ䣬ͫһһȻɺ
ôܣһһָö뻯⣬
УǶԷ鼼еļҪѨ
鼼˲ǳ뻯֮Уѩӵķ϶ƳΪһҪ֪鼼뻯һǺϡģ
Ҳ˲Щ˽Ʒ鼼ǣľ߳Ϊԭ򣬶ֻһСӰ
죬ǽոͻƵģ
켸ͬʱֻϣһɫľӣӷת֮䣬Ľȫסȫɢ
ɫһ
СӣСģƷУѩѵ
û뵽û뵽㶼ܷ㾹ȻǸĸ֣ɫոֱǸСڶԱݣܻɽڵĵӣֻǣڣϣò
ϧ㻹Ҫ
ɫлɫľӺʢһߺХ˺ҧ
ҿ
һԼߴ˻˻һɻֱţ

Ҵ⣬һŶأʱƤƷʯ߸ȥ
ǳ뻯ѩѾײˣ˵һ鼼뻯˵ţֳһţʲôţ
飬ѩɵˣǸ
ֻһӣʱһƬսϿգϸ¡һ˲ӡתӰϣ½ٵε㣬ʱɢŽɫĹâ̬תΪ룬ٸɫ͸ĳ뽫ȫΧ
鼼ںϣ
ѩһ˲ıӰɫ𶯣ʲôں鼼
һУɫľӻʢһ߽м䡣
ߣɱ䣬ڶ೤˲
ۡ
ڻϣ۹˲ڣҲڱСɫ԰ףά־ӣ
ۡ
գ˫ȭѵ֣ĳڴ͸϶
ʦΪұģһҽУ˲ɢѾѪ֮УӺͳһԣʼգǰѳûüãΪûü
ɫ΢΢˰ףһ鼼ںϣȥ˳ǣЪһߵսսݱ˶սϵɱ·õĶսǹ䣡


16 ʮɽ
Ϊ޼һʱսݱ¡֮УǴ·磬ϾΪһ㣬󾢲㡣
Ĳҽ΢΢
ţ
ս֮ϣʱѷţĻŹһȣǹһڵ֮ϣ
ۣ
߳ʹ֣޺޿һУߣȴӡ
ߣѵһԵһЦһö뼲̶ȥȴߣ¿񱼵ս
˻սһ˻ʱʧǰ㣬ڵءһ룬ֱӴսѨλ֮ϣסսͨ֫񾭣Եһʱ̱һãûʲô󰭡
ۣһǹ㽫Ӧ߶ڵϡ
ǵÿߡѩƨʰսƷһ亹ֵǣһ˼ҵ·ǡ
ס򡣡ϰһɫ򣬲ɫⶫϽһִԼ鼼ȵϢһصĶȼ͡
Ǵ򣬿Ҫı·ˡѩɫ΢
򰡡ԣһʧ
ϳˡѩһߣ֣Ǹԣץص㡣
ϳˣѵɫҲÿˡ
ĶǴ˴Χҵʿ֮һѩɫأ·ˣΨһѡ񣬱ǴԽʮɽ
ԽʮɽһУѩһأ˵ʵ㵽ǵʲôˣ
ʮɽɲɽ֡ʮɽب֮䣬Ⱥɽޡ
ˣһĹʦɭԪʿһǿԪʿһˣһɢޣԪʿݲֻ֪˳Ϊס
ѩȻһŵɱһǸ˰ԪһԪʿΧܻӳ
ɭˣʱǣٶȣӦȥ׷Сˣԣп׷ɱҵģǿѩĴ侲ľڵУˣǲưոݵġ
СѵҪҵʥ֮Ѫѩһζҩ
׼ȷʥ̡ѩ͵
ʥ̣ҿʥްͺţƵӣǸҶ̣һģе󰡡Ҫ֪ʥޣǿǺͬһĴڣһĭ
Ϊʥһ㶼ٳ֣ͷСͷڸڸһ·棬ĸĸߡѩ΢΢ޣʷϣֱ˷ѡ
ĸĸˡ˸룬֪ǱСһӸεġ
İɣҲǳصġִڼ٣Ȼд档ѩں
һһƥһ߽һʮɽȥ˸һˡ
⣬ֵһǣʬ壬˳ֲ԰ϣʬ˲䱻طֽաΪˣʹĺþãΪϴǾͷʬ壬˷˰
һѩп񶼹ֵֹģռʬ壬ʲô񱡣

ͬʱɽڲԶһϣһĸݵİСüͷС
ͻȻüͷһ壬ȴͣ½Ųͳһöɫ
ˣţѩٵ
ɳƣͬҹɣ֮һ仰˵ĺ޸飬ƺ֮˸޹ֻڽѩʱЩ۸Ǿ
ߣʥ֮Ѫʱƥ򣬴õľڵߺߣ
䣬޺޵ĿһԶǰһɫĴ󽣣СӰһԾϳɲƵĺݹᾣӡֻХȺɽķӿնȥ
ȻУ󽣣Ƿ

ʮɽУսȺɽлС
СӣҪĥˣԷʱ׷ѩЩЩȣǰСӣһ·֮ϣռֲؼǣСӵ۹⣬ܶ
û֣Сӱ˫Ŀ⣬Ÿĳͷ²ȥڱǣСȴȫûһľ
İɣƫ˷򣬿崦ۼԷһʱҲҲġһʯ棬˷ܵʱһŻɫ٣ֲĳٹɶá
һʱоֲ֣԰Ȼֲ޵ֲǷڲֿСľֲ۹೤ʱ䣬ʣóֻɰ˻ˣֱǳʰ
Уѩ㣬ֵġ٣ѩһβޣԷҲԼ٣ôССӵĽУŤ
ߣн磬Ϊ󣬽һСôˡѩбһȻ
ߣ˭֪ʵ䣿ԣƲƲ죬ֹѣţһЩи߳ˣפ֮ѩʮ˾꣬УѾ˴ǩ
Ȼֻǲҵѩ潲ġ
Сӣ㣬߽Ԫʿʹеģ״̬˼һġѩһģͬһȻ
УͫһԹԸ¡ܵùϷɵģҿһ·֮ϣûƵڱȻĿɲôʱˡ
ʮɽǰۣ㷢֣Ⱥɽ֮УɽУˣУŨĵطֲһ·֮ϣչεֲмꡣ
ֲٶ࣬ҲҪһ۲ԶŨĵطҧҧڳк壬ӿٶȣǿߡ

ţʬˣϢҲʧˡ
ֳأһΧĿ
ķǧ׷٣ȥɫ˫ӡһһھѪֻĵɫȥ
੡ʮɽΣĿ˫Ŀ׹Ц𣬿䷽ȥķλ

һߣȺɽ֮мǰϧΪޣѩˣٶȲ졣
һ·֮Ҳûţ˺ܶ󣬲赲Էֻһʱ䡣
໣
ʱһ޵޺֮ԶԶ
ãô졣ѩĿ΢䣬޺вõһ·յһ޵ϳ
һ·ϣ·в٣Ҳҿľڵ壬Ȼһ·֮ϣᱻ
ô죿ɫÿȥᱻԷ׷
ףǰѩͻȻһס


17 ʯ̨飿
ôˣ״СĸζȻһᣬһֲľԱĸоΧһпôȫ
ǰƺˡѩƳһɫȴء
ˣ𣿡һ㶣ĽҰģʲôˣѵʿ˵ʮɽʿӦúǿİɡ
ѩûлش𣬾ٲǰȥ
״ҧҧ
Ƕôηֻǣѩ߳һķΧľڵϢֲ볢Ա޷ʳζ
мأһɽͷӳǰģһɽȡ
˿̣ɽ֮Уڶš
˿۹ȴǾ۽һϣֻˣһŮɫһ˷Ȼͬʵض
ΪͣۿλȻǸ߽ʿ˵·ϣһɽ̬ͼɽڵı־
һˣλãͬͼһɫɽڵھӣѩţڵı־
һ̣۹ȴɽͱ֮ϵһͻʯ̨ϣ˫ĿŹ⣬ҲƲ
ֻǴͱʯ̨֮ϣһ֦پСֱһߣرģɣһһڴεϸϸŽڡϡ֦ϣֻ͸ĹӣԲС
Űꡣѩ૵
Űȷԣ˸飬۶ǣŰǿĽֲ񣬼ߵҲֲѣȻĽֲͲοˮˡ
ڲ½ʵֲܶĽλǹ̶ģΪλõԭ죬ݵӳ仯ȵȡغܶ࣬ΪȻ
Ȼںߡ
꣬ǶֲֲŰĽֲ
ӵв˼ĹЧɱ
ûӰʱˣͬҲˡ
ںɽڵĵӼͬʱתͷһ䱸
ףѩʦ㣬ѩʦ㣡ΨһŮͻȻһϲԵҲһϲ
ĪǸڵ洫ӣλѩɽɫһΪ׵һأ૵
ܳƲƲ죬ᡣ
߰ɡѩҡҡͷһʧȴתҪߣĽֲô󣬶ңôʿҲǾĶ֡
ȵȡ״һסѩС֣ѹһأѩ㣬㲻𣿡
ʲô֡ѩĿһ䣬Ĳ֡
ǺǣǸ⣬⡣״ǺɵЦɿѩ֣һɽȣ˵ĽֲӦػôûκ޵Ӱ
ʵһ·֮ϣջЩֲ޿ӣرǼֲػ޵Ϊͣľڵ壬ԶԶ㿪
˵أĽֲȻûһ޵ټ³ʵϣ˵ػޣ޶ûС
ѩԣһ𣬲濴˿ͷ֣Ĺ۲ܲһ㡣
˵ô졣ѩƬ̣㽫Ȩǵٶȣᱻ׷ϣܻܲͿûʲôˡ
ԣٲɽȥȴǷ˷ۣʲô취ǿǿֲˡ
λʦʦ㡣ֱ߽ɽڵӣһģ
ǡΪ׵һɻŷ֣ǰȻǳ³㣬ǣȴɽڵı־ʵأȴŵӡ
ʦŵӣ֪λʦʦմһ΢Цֵ
ҵӡΪ׵ӵǿͿλѩǿɵﲻ
һ˽⵽ӣΪ׵ӽиӺԱߵӽзΨһŮǽ˴ʮɽڵĵӺͿҪǱǰһĻ
ҿɣˣһһţΣһۼ
뼰ʱժȡȻ򸯣ֲ֡
һߣԣһޣҪѩЩ飬˿̣ˡ
Ƿֵģһһã˭;Ȼɱɽһˡ
ʦ㡣ڵŮüͷ΢壬ȴǿѩ
˵İɡѩҡҡͷ
ʦ㡣Ϊ׵ɫһ䡣
ôѩɫһ俴ӡ
ûӴѩ񣬲ɴ˸
һԿĽѣβװģǳĺô˿һͨ˶򲻹ǣһ߽ʿŵֱ
գʯ̨Ӻ͸Ϊ׵ӸԶ֣ժһ
ѩüͷ΢壬ĿǰȻûһ쳣
ժɲյĿģֻгһѺڳͷֲ
ʦܡӺ״΢΢һ㶣ȰоŰ꣬ĽֲҲ˵ûļ֣УԻҪҲ̣ı䣬ǺѴģαضء
ҲһۣΪֱɱȡѰнκֲĽΪ𹫷ߵģҪǿѩĿ䣬ûзԣһһµĿţ˱ҲҪ
Դ˳ţͷʯͷ˵
һ֮ڽϵ֦ҪӴüֲ볬ֲ԰Ŀ⣬ȴͱڳĴ
УⶴеҪŨĶࡣ
һߣѩҲ쳣һ첽ǰȻˣǿĸ֪ڣɢŨȴӲ
ѵʯʲôɣɫһͷ㿳ʯ֮ϡ
ˣ
һʯͷ׷ɣһССĺĶڶȻ֣һŨһʱӶ˲١
ŨĻѩһȡ
ͷ裬ڴһ˳룬ͷ˵˵ͷһͷ붴С
һ̶롣Ŷڵӣ棬ƺб
խխʯͷ˹䣬Խ棬ռԽԽŨ˴Ƭ̣һ޴֮ܶС
֮ܶУ⻪˸ʯ۵ģλãһ޴ĵŵʯһελɫҺ建
ϣһʯ̨ǻҺ壬ǵʯ̨֮ϣ˽ȥ㽦䡣
ʲôоţʯ̨תһȦ˫ĿŹ⣬ӣ˲õı
ƺǶǡѩһɻ
ܰɡӺɨһΧ֮УӦðдʯŶԣңȻŨǾԴﲻĳ̶ȡҼֹǧٱ
ҲСΪ׵Ӳ²һ·֮ϣ˵ۣ֪˽֮ˣеĽа¸ŮĽǮأǸŵӡ
·ֳС֣͡͡͵ҩһƷʲֳַͬƷƷƷͼƷĸƷʡ
½һ㶼֮ϣɽں͸Ĵţǽڴ֮ϣоȫ
ɽڵ壬һ֧֮ϣ֧Ʒ
Ҳ֪ʯ̨϶Ǹ˶ʯ̨ϣоһǿĻУоţ⣬˲õı
㣬鲻װ볬ֲ԰Сͯǻе
飡ݵһ˲Զʯ̨һģ
飬ǲ顣
ʯ̨飿


18 ʯͷĳһ
ʱѩȴɫһ䣬Ȼͷڡ
ֻ֪ʱһСݵĶǣһѻɫ󽣣
੡һЦϵɱŨ֮һŵŵֱ¡
ĺÿ찡ѩأϵϢݡ
ੵͻһȻû󰡣俴ѩȴûŹڽֻǣ㻹ܶԪ𣿡
ԣѩΪԪȻʼӿļ
੡֮뷭ɣ
һ˿أȴ੹Цľ޴󵹴״ʯʯʯ̨̰֮ɫʢҪлǰһأ񣬼ʹûʥ֮Ѫľڵʹ˴Ļ֮飬һͻƵ
߶߶ȴûйȻڹ˼ѩƴԪԲʿʹһƴҲǺֲܿġ
ֻפأôڶڣĿͼȻҪǣ
һ·ϣԪΪУԪأҲûеһʱ乥Եɡ
ʿֻеɷУ֮ǰ߽ԪԽϳķУģУֻԪģֲܿ
ʦ֣ûдȰӺ䣬
Ӻ˷ۣûдһԵķһм˵۹ǲƣĴ޵ģ̫ԶʲôȣαǺˣ
ɫҲÿո˼ڳΨһԺѩˣ޷Ԫ
λǰҵº޹ϸܷܲҵȥǸŵӡ֮˶䣬ֵĿаȻ֮ɫ
ҵɽŵӣǰи㡣Ӻ˹֣һ˿Ȼ֮ɫһޡ
ŶڣɽڡΣãһӣ
лǰһϲл򶴿ȥȻûһۣ
ҿҲ̫˰ɡе㵰ۣԸĿǸڵ洫ӣϢ©
ۣۣۣ
Ȼ˾֮ʱǲڵϵĻ󽣣ͻȻ⻪ţƺһȦ˶ûӦ촦
ʵܿЩŵĵӣ֣ȴƫƫһ㲻ɱҵģֱ޴֮
гڣߣ
ͬʱһȣѩкУʯ̨ȥͬʱһӣһƬ˲ɡ
ԡӦãγһƬסߡ
ʵʱֱȶڷһֻһ߽׵ʿͷ­㹾һأ
ߣ
һߣ״ɫһ䣬һ֣
һͷеͻȻһѺĳɱֻһãһʯ̨ϣ
̡һ̶𣬰ģһƬĽ
ҿӲһɱȻֻʯ̨һǳǳĽۣ
һƨƵģûǰܣСͯʾˣʯ̨鰡ӿһøϽܵԶԶģܼ޻׷ϻ
ѩͷԣ˿̣Ҳֻܸ񱼣ոտǽҵˡ
䣡
ʱֻһͷƳһʯֻ̨ʯ̨ͻȻȻ飬ɫɫ֣ƺѣһѹͷţ
ѽоУܵĸˡ
ѩһûлͷ
һ㣬һԡ

һȻʯ̨飬ֻһڿն֣ģһѹɢھ޴֮ܶУ
ã壡ȻۣڣʽϣѾתˣʱһ
ϣ
ֻһоײһӲ֮ϣ֮˿Ѫɳȥ

ܴ˹ײһһ緢˲㽫֣

漴һҽУžʹһɫĽƬʱǰĻ棬ͬ鳲ȫûȥ
ʱѾɢȥɳֳ
ֻﲻɳȫۼףצͷ棬ţβһԻһ¹ǣ룬ͨһ㣡
˿֮Σ׷׵һһͷһͷ
˿̣֮Уһ˿ɻ󣬿ǰĻɫĽƬһ
ֻһѾǰ
ÿ죡һ˿ͷ
ʱˣѾһʯ֮
ǻ˲ǰ㽫Ƭ£ͬʱһβһβͱ㽫ұɫĴ󽣷ɳȥԶĶ֮ϣû
Ҳ̫ǿˣȫתϢҪ֪һģ᲻ĩ
ⲻһһԣѩɫɣеϢ
һôһˣɲᴫı죬ֻ촽źϣſƣֻźϵķЩš
Ҫ˵һ㣬һʯͷĳȷʵһ㣬ǰ˵еӣҲôɣ
ΣΣǻѩĿء
ΣԽƷľƷһܴСƷԽƷģΪƷԵ㹻пܻγ
ڻγɺǾ˵׼ˣγȻܲһ㰡ѹִ˴û̾ᣬܶڸûʯ֮
ΣΧɾǴڣȵεʱҲǱסġ
԰ΣӦлνٰ΢΢죬촽źϣ
½ޡﻯΣлν٣콵㣡ɵĹһΣϵ;ɲɢΪһң
˵ΣΪӦϢֻԪԲһ֮ңȻʱ򡣡
ѩһһǿô֪ġ
ǺǡЩڨڨڷ쳣ֻǻβͣڣȻûоΪʵ壡
ҲûȫΪʵܽһԪʿұôţ𣿡˸£ڵʱּһ֪ԼǰԵɣȦȦ棬ųˣ
ôһᣬ˶ֻһţ񻯳һڶϱʯ̨׷Ͷȥ
ۿɼģЩβʵ
¡¡ʱһ֮ȻһȻѹ
оһܶ
֮ܶϿգڵѸۣ׹˸

ʮɽĶ˴󲨵ܲ
ɽڣһ֮Уһũϥ
٣ͻƻǱﻯΣͻȻ˫ۻŵૣһɫĹâ
ڣһɽ֮һ߲˿̣֮ϣվһɷǵߡ
ţѩ׵ĳü΢΢һ۹⣬ʮɽķ΢΢ƿն
ʮɽһͷ޴Ľɫ΢΢̧ͷȻΪһ꣬ٴƿնȥ


19 ɽ

ܶڣ쳤ХӶʯ
䣡
ϣʯ䣬Ȼһͻɽɽֱͷ٣
ҲӵĿɿڴ۽ֱ飬ƶʯ䣬Ȼڸסˣ
Կ߿Уƣ׺ĻĽѳʵβŨ
ľŻν١ѩ棬ԪԲʿͻƵʱҲٵģĦɽ٣кô
ϧѩ΢΢һ̾вȫǶɲȥˡ
ֻ߿УͬʵһĻɫ˿̣ȫЩڡ

һֻһ£һɫĽƬͻȻףǴӾµǿƬ
ʲôĿɿڴǿƬȻסףȻݣǣȷʵʱסˣ
ƺһƬѩͫһո֮ܶڣһз̫죬ûע⿴˿̿Ƭ϶ǷƬ
ѩ뵽Щ£ҪǾΧʱƬûˡ
ĵưѩЦ
һ˫֮Уǡ
½ʿɵ͵ߣΪͷÿһַƷƷƷͼƷĸ
ǿϡ⣡
ǷƬֲסˡѩһ̾ϢֻƬ𵴲ݣԶƬ˵ı
䣡
һһ޴ֵ׽ƬһУҲľٵһף
һĹľʮȫ£
ݣ
һһһɫƬ֮ܶС
ûɹ𣿡ѩ͸ûһ˿Ƶ죬
زʣΪۻ
ʿǡǡҪУ޳أܾ
һ·֮ϣأ
򣬾ڣ
һʱ䣬ѩƺһľ硣
ûô뷨ˣ˿̣վܶ룬һɵЦб޴ҸӸոտһ鷨ȻֻƬ
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ܴһƣѩѪ磬ѪҺУȻлڡ
ϲģʲô״ѪһǸӣ˿̣ǲܲˣһӣһƬγɣӡ𣬡˲͡
ʼʱʩٶȣԿˡ
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ס֣ʱһȶȻɫһѩ
ֻѩһУȴһ
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ƽˣ񣬲Ҫ֡ȴѩͷоƽˡ
ЩȻˣ飬Լ˸Ц
޷Ǹӡ߰˰֣Ϊ⣬һһ䣬תѩ㵹Ǻ˵˴ζͻڼһȥչذɡ
Ҳûѩ˵ԵɣЩŵǵһԼ
лƽˡѩл߸ոһƣֱӽ̾ڵԪƳֻҪȻָ
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ҵ֣ͷʲô˼һת΢΢ǰҽмֶ
ǰѩգգۣλǰɽڵƽˣɽũˡ
Դˡ


20 ӴˣΪң
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ѩ״Ц⣬λڽһ
֪ѩλǸڵƽˡˣ
һĿĿ꣬ʮɽ֮ǿĴڡʥ
ڶԼͿͷɽƽˡɽũˣ
಻զذȽˣԼŵƽ̣ôô˿ûע⵽Լģ
ɽũϵɽڵ˸õӡ˿һ͡
ܸ㸡ȣۼҪһλųˡɽũ˿һѩΪĽ
ߣαһԣʥΪޡ
ʮɽǣһܸǰһһŮȡرŮӣССͣҪﵽ֮ƣʱ򣬿϶нһ䶯
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Σټϧ̾ɽũһ̾
زʣҵȶϰҲǸ̾ѡ
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ѵҪȥ𣿡ʥУ˰ҵͷֻǣʮɽĵطļңЩ᲻ð
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ҲҺˣȻ޶ûطޣҪ֪ǿ鷨Ƭ͵͵ռľǬǶСľ֮С
ʹλʿ̫죬ûüʰǱھʯµ˵ĲƲ


22 ֮˵
߽Сľݣȱ㽫Ƭⱦɲû֣
һ˷ܣǬ򿪣һصĶ
öʯ˫ĿŹ⣬ϣģǸɫʯٶ࣡ϸϸٶʮһ飡
УȻʮƷʯҪ֪һƷʯԶһһٿƷʯʮƷʯһǧٿƷʯһҹĽడ
һ֮Ȼͣ̾һ䣬һ״飬
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УصĺȻһؽƷԪ׵Ļһ׵ؽƷԪ齣
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׼һΣ緢׼
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ŻĽɫԽԽѿ
˭ҪٽгʶḻģӾ͸зݣǰ˲ѧ˿û⵽Ϊгʶḻģˣ
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ɵ㵽ֹϾŵӣңȻȣҲӡǣŴȣۣ⣬֮УһССŵһ˿˻
֣һ㼴ͨһЦ
ССĶУһıȶ


23 ڱȣ
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алӦڱȣǰλãн׸ǿԻһöƷͨ絤ҿƸΪŵӣ
ŵӣȻĶ
гֲ԰ͨ絤ϡԼƣȻĿǰֻƶ׵ģߵƷҲֻƷǣסడ
ĶģŵӵɽڣŵӣʵֻԤۣŵӣŵӣкܶŵζҪĸ
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ԭڱȣȱǴŵӿʼÿһŵӶμӣĳأɽΧķʽɱޣõȻųϺȣ
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ڱȽ֮󣬻һڣǱսŵӿսŵӣŵӿս洫ӣ
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İɣ˰֣оһ
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ΪˣѣԼȼֱ֮һʵĲٷʵķʲˣ
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Ŷ𣡡ƣŵƣڳϷӡһ鼼ؼʱ̴γһֵܹͨԲϢʱ䣡
ȶ˾Ԯӣһ㶼ŵӣ
һӡ鼼־˱Զ˳ңֻϢϢʱ䣬Ӳǲ˼ʮа˾ţ
֣ģȴŵӵƣû֣屾ŵӣΪֻ죬ûμŵӵıر涨ΪߵŵӣȻҲԲμŵӵı
ǣһ£ˣǲμŵӵıģΪòʧŵݣУƷͨ絤Ҳȱ
ˣòɣ֣ĿģҪ˵£ʵ̫ƽˣ֣壬ĴʦɣȻû鷳Ҫ֪ˣǽ
˱ܲƽͫһ˿ɱѷţԸомĿ⣡
ҲΪʲôûилһԭôС΢ˣǲҪɱͬŵĸ
ܿ죬һĹһţڱȣʽʼ
ǧŵӣһ飬屧ţӣѸٽɽжжģ
˿ңɽִ󲽶ȥ֣峯ƳۣһЦ
ɽֺɽǧŵӻȥһˮ󺣣ܿͱϡ͡
˿Χߵģֻ֣壬Զ˲ĵ
ôҪ𣿡ƳһһԵ֣壬ɱһЦɻ


24 ɱ
ȻнƬ̣˱㽫Χ
λʲô˼ܣһţ֣Կ˿
֣ʦ֣Ϊ֮ûдǿ֣壡
ɱºǵĺô֣һЦƳһһԡ
֣壬ʲôһ
ߣ֣ı֣һ
ΪʲôƺԽܣһʹࡣ
Ϊʲôֻ˲õˣ֣弥ڽ
ѵɣһңƣƺץסһݣ˰˶ȣǾͲŵƲã
ŵƲã֣ƺЦЦһŵӣһٸҲģο˭עǣ
һƣ֣мҪϣˣҲֻϢѣϢʱ䣬ֲԮӵĵǾǸЦԣȥɣ
ҾͷˣԣʧıȻһ䣬һȻֱֻ̽뻳УȻóһѺĳ
ȴǬ˲ϣϾһŵӵŵҲۺǬôҲһȫ飡ȻҲΪγֲ԰ĴڣĽȻǴӳֲ԰óģ
Ǭһߣ˿ı֣˲뵽Ǭһʱ䣬з׷׻̰֮ɫ
ߣǬˣλûɣ֣һˣ
ԣһ˿ɵ֮ɫΪ֮˿˿ˣ˵ͷ
ɻһЦ૵
ʲô֣ûѿʵһ˲УϵƶȻǣ
죡죡죡죡죡
Ȼֻ֣ľ磬ܲ賤Ϣֻоһѹȸн
ôܣ֣һһģ춼ܼΪ찡ôһ˲䣬طԷϢȻ˹
֪ᡶϢ
ã춯֣һߣΪ׵ɫ䣬ȵ죬ǣԷϢôһᣬѾǹˣ
Ĭһ˲䶼ѳָҪѨ
СЦϲֻͣɱڹ⣬һ˲ǡۡ
ÿĽΪӵͷ˿ĿѪĽһ䣬ȴƽȻ£һģˣ˵Ŀڣͬһ
ΧȻأһжڵʯ֮䣬˸Ӧ
ôܣôܣ֣˹һ㣬ͣˣѪŵӣһͣλϵʿΪ׵ĸĺ֣ȻвԷһ
һĴ˲仯Ϊͻһ̫ʵˣ֣廳һжĻþ
͵ŵӵ鼼õ֣忴ͣˣһתȣɫ
ֻӰһ˱㵹Ѫ֮Уӡֻеؽ鼼
͵鼼һЦõĽʵɽУڣֺܼ򵥣С콣˽Ʒ鼼Ҫֻһ죡
뻯֮
⽣߾磬˲
ܹ˲彣ңϢ
䣡
ʱһ𣬽֣룡
ɱңػֵܹʿɱҵģʶģϽеͶһһȻһŵˣӲģ֣Ц
Ϣʱѣ˵ģǸϲģֽ䶢Ź֣֮壬Źʧ
Ϣʱ䣬˲伴
Ѽģֱ̣
䣡һֻһ׶˲סһ
ţ΢΢üе⣬֣壬е⻹ֻһһţ

ۣһ˲֣һѪɫоƺһڣȻȻᣬ˿ָӣ
ûкУǲ˼ֻˣ׶һЦոĽ룬ֱӴ˶Է˹·ϣ˲ضУɣʱܶ
һŵӣ㡭㲻ɱң֣һţڵϣ˿˵ɱͣˣſǻĲѣǵĽ飬һᣬұ֤֤´βˣⶼɣԣɱҸɵģ
˼ˣһЦɱһڹ⣬̶ֱԷʺ
ס֣
ؼʱ̣һȶȻգ֮ģһ޴Ļƣ
ãɫ䣬ܸܵǻƣܹһƽճɻҽ

ͬʱһϵȻһ޴ֱεض
ۣ
һ죬ʾ־һץƣд⣡
ɫ˲ѾеĺɫƬͷ亹عͷֻޱ˲عأƺʲôûз
ԶĿУһλĿĺ߽̤ƣһȻУɱֻǣƺ˼ʲôûٳ֣
˭ոճֵģ˭˿쳣Ĵأȴ˼֮С
ڴͬʱԶڸŵӸӦ˴ܲȴͣЦȥ̶ֳȵܲѾǵΧˣ
ң֣ʱȴһֽٺϲãſѣλ͵鼼
ôŰʦأϧˣҡҡͷһЦ
ʲô㡭ʲôء
ȴϵĺֱЦϲͣɱ֣ĺ
УһһУӺһǹ˼ʲôһתԶ
֣նŸ߿գʺλãһѺɫγû˷֣һ˿˿Ѫ볤
ɱбȻ˸ָ˿ĭһʣ
Ǵ㽫˵ʬװ볬ֲ԰ﵱʵģǿڵ龰ƺע˲ٰð찡
һѰ˼һ߿ʼʬ·ʬ岻գ·Ʋǿչεģ
ڵķѾˣٵһ㣡

ɽ֮УһڷڹۿŴȣʱȴ뾲֮У
ǸӣΣ˸̾
Ǹŷӣ˸͡

ɣȺУһλȴһȣ
ϳˣǰΪ˻飬Źһûʵɽڣͽ֮Ժ󣬵ǣ꣬òȷʵǵǸֻǱ˵㣬ǣôأ
ɽ壬һ֮С
ǸӣһũģһһӣǰһˮȻʧ



25 ص
ɽĸ˰ǵĳģºĶȫֲ԰ˣһһû䣡
ɣʰ꣬˸ûͷûһ䡣
һȻ
Ҳˣһתͷķȥʵոһ䣬ǰĵӰС˵вôû룬һУôã
ֻһô֮һСӰŲ˳
̣һаùѾͷصĹ˵ð˾ҲʮףӲûзκ쳣
ô⣡޴ʣΣɰͰ͵
ҡ·̴һˡ̫ùˣŽûãˣ
㶼ˣƳһ۳ʬ壬ЩȻ
ˣ̻һ𣬵һˮˣһҪɱڰɣһȼɱء
̶ֻڵϣ˫ֱͷʹ
㡭ʲô󺹣˵ǰǼе̣ôͿˣ֪УǸħ˼һΪҪåоأ
ǸԼСİɣˣ̿ͣʱЩ޴룬Ͻ·
Σû죬̧ͷֻҰˣԶʬ
̴˸£ֻ󣬸ϽվһԼᶨѭŵϵĽӡСȥķ׷ȥ
ʣǾҪսʤȻ˵ģӱˣ
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ǣֻޣǣһ㶼ǳȺ֣ѲﾹȻһֻ䵥ģǸܿһȺǣüͷ΢壡
һ˲۹⣬㼯ڵϵʬ壡˵ҲǸİֲ԰յģɽĲ࣬޶࣡⣬᲻˷Ѱ
̧ͷ˿գҧҧһѱ㽫ǵʬ볬ֲ԰ŪģⰡڷǵĻɣһǬа
ʵˣŵڱȶѣ˭ʱʱעҲǹעǸλļǱӣҶ죬֣Ȼո¶һʵǣΪ̫ͣǲ
룬ѧеӣԼĺۼ
ͣͣڼҲŵӣ˼Ҽӵġ
ܿ죬һȥˣ
ʱһ֮УϥɽһܳѨˣ
һջķᣬʮöУöһöЩʬ壬·Щ˶ģֲ԰ˣ񣬳ֲ԰ĽһѾ21%
֣ɽ֣Խ棬޵ĵȼԽߣһ룬ĿǰѾ߽ıԵŵǣΪҲ죡Ҳ˵Ϊǵ׵ģ
һʱ䣬ע⵽Ĺʱ𣬴ԹƣҲ˱̭ˣ
ߣԶ޺˷̩ҹ䣬ΪߣһĵӶȥԣһطһ棬Ϊʱ죬ʱ̱սһ棬ȴǴҹȰҪΣյĶ࣡
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ɽǸⰡһ˷ܣֳһͨƵСȷһС磡
Сɲͨǵֲֲ꣬Щûʲôؼǣصλҩ֮һ
صͦˣʵҲֻĽ鵤ѣãúܶʿۺϧᣬرαߣûʿ
ΪصܹʿͻƵԪûע⣬ǲû
Ȼһ㲻Ҫⶫǣα߾ͲͬˣͻԪʧʺܸߣԣصļ۸񣬾Ӹ߲£мһһǧƷʯע⣬ƷʯƷʯһǧ飬ͨĽ鵤ĳɰǧ
ȻˣصĲǼ٣½Ѿʮû˵صˣ
˵صĵôϡУֵЩʵʿŪھĴУͷһصĵ
ϡеģһλҩȻֻĽֲǣǳУʮǰнֹһöĹˣһƷʯ
Ϊζҩ֮һĵȻûǣҲǺֵǮģ
ֲ볬ֲ԰죬һɵЦ
ʮ֮ή㡣ֻҪȵֲ԰ֲһɽУ˿̣ĶʯǿƵʯ
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𾢣һ춯Զķٽӽ
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գ亹ѣոӦ΢㣬ͱʬˣ
Ҳܣϵģˮֻǻ˲Զ룬ȻûٶֵĴ㣡
ްˣ׷ϣ
ģ滬׷˰Σﲻѣˮٶȵǲô죬̫ˣɱմۣ㱻ߣ
ң֣޼óΣҪᣬͲ֪ȥˣ
ҵˣ׷е˫Ŀһһӣ̶޵һˮߴλã
УطŨ٣
˻
һ£רıӵˮֻһ䱳֮ϣ˿˿⣬ɢ
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ܣ״һЦɱסββһնͬʱһתɱϲһ⣬һڹ⣬ߴλã
ˣһڵĵطƬЩƣ¶ĺɫ⣡
ۣ
һ죬ɱֱӴ̽ˮߴ磡˲νˣ
˻˻˻
ֻˮͻȻ˻УͣQɨΧľ۶ϣʯ׷ɣ
ţˮҪ̣Q˶ˣ
ˮ񣬾ȻQһʱ䣬Ÿһ䣡
ܱİ̾һ䣬ɱߴλãһɹѪͨɱݸֲ԰
ҵ飬ɱĿֲ̹ٹһᣬߵѪ⾫ᱻɸɾģҲס
»˻һˮʸȥˮۼײٱ仯ɱķǺɵʸ
ס֣
ң
ʱһһŮȼͬʱ


26 ը
ݣ߽ʿͫ΢ͣ˲ˮǬ

ԶһһŮɫѿֳֳǹһȣѸٽӽгǹֱָʺ
üͷһ壬һҪĽడ
ϣ
ɱһڶԷǹ֮ϣһ죡ɫ΢䣬ɱһǹٽǹ֮ϣȻֵǣ
һӣ˲öҪѨ⼸˲䱩ǣӦǶԷ鼼Ŧ
ȻӼɫһ䣬ǹ˲գγһƬԲܣ
ۡ
ڻԲ֮ϣ˲䱻
ɲǵ˵ĻֻгһöɫӣǴлãΪ߾Ʒ
˻
һ˲һ˲ӻ߾зɳڿһ˻һͷײڻԲϣ
䣡
һĽԲܺȻɢ¶ĳǹ
ߣ
ӳǹһߣƺһһ󳱺죡
ǹ˿ȥֻڼϢ֮䣡
ʲôɫѿһ˫Ů꣡
ΪŮӣ죡
ߣǵңŮһߣгս
ͣѾӸɵˣôЦһɱֱָˣʣͻµ
㡭ˣŮԣüмΪôɱģҪǽƳҪһСӣܹɱޣֱЦ
ԣɫȴ˰˷֣ѹϢЩ˥ҿֻܵ·߸պñסˣ
ֲֵ֪մƳһеĻ߾о΢ͻȻ
ʼʱǴһǹСӣһ򶷣ϣСӣսȻ˲һƷǻһ൱ʿһ
ҲҪĽడһᡣϬޱȣһ̰ôӵù˫ۣ
ȻҪѵɫ
Ůɫһɱһӿ֣Ҫ֣
ȴڴʱֻӰ˰֣һߣȻûг⣬ҵȾͲˣ
˵꣬תȥ
ʦ֣ŮӼ״΢΢һ㶣ԶݺݵһĿݣ׷ϣ
ҲգԶ˿
ʵǸǹͷƷǺãǣ̫ˣ͸ոһһҲ˵ȫʢʱڣ߾Ҳζѣ
ܲԾϽ·ˮ볬ֲ԰һת裬ѸԶ룡
ߵ̫ɴˣ³
ͬʱ·زԶһһŮͣ½Ų
ʦ֣ôŹŮһޡ
СӲ򵥣ѣսѱʲôƣüͷ΢壬
ǾôŹŮһޣ̰еĿƷңϵ϶٣
İɣٻۣ˷ɫζȴһЦУһɫʰ쵵ĺ
ֻٵ𣬺ܿ죬ΧĻΪһ壬濴濴
ٵŮɫһ
ٵʵޣֻǸͨĺɫټı죬ǳɫ
˵ᰮٻڳ˵ٻɫζٵУǺҹеƣʮﷶΧڣֻҪһ˿ٻۣҵ
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ߣ˵ͷɱһתȥ
Ůɫһϣ
ûע⵽˵زԶһŴϢԶȥˣ
⣡ɿ
ʵȺǿ֢ϴαӵĲǳΣΪ˱Ϣû뵽һȣȳ⣡
ٺ٣ԶˣһЦĸϣ˵Ϊջٰ
֣˵ջǲ٣Ƿǳ٣
ΪɱĶ󣬾Ȼˣ
ۿһˣŵӣɱ⣡
Σգ˰ŶΪпҲһֻ۱һֻۣ˼
һֱԶΪûаյеĹ֣ʵϣǸӣͺѲ
ֲܱٹȣԺҪģͲţйһ
򲻸ˣʱ֮˻ᣬȴŮ뿪ӣïܵĹľУ
ٺ٣ŮӲԶǻˮһЦϲͣһӣöֱӴŮӱҪϢ
˲ܲŮˣֻ΢ŮӶʱίڵأûϢ
ǰ¶ŴƨɵŮӣǰģһЦ˵ŮӶʮ꣬ҲƯƨɾеԣ
һߣҵȣŮӰüͷ΢壬Ѱٶ
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ڣһԵɱϢһڹ⣬ֱʺ
ϣ
һɱȴǴѸĳǹ֮ϣ
˸Ժˣ
㣡ӿϮ֮ˣɫɱʢȲѣҪŪ㣡
гǹڣ泤ǹͷ
ҲȻϬа⺬ŭһڵĽӲס
ֻתͷܣ
ͬʱһӣһѻɫĵӣ
ʲôӳǹͣ΢΢һ㶣
һ˲ˣ
䣡䣡䣡
ʮǹɳȥڣƤⷭתڵϣȻûϢ
ɱͣ½ŲЩ㶣Ҳû뵽ô
׳ȥģʵ鵤鵤ʵǸĲ
ƶױģǣʱһ񣬷ƽʮϣȻʺ˳ɵˣǣܳ԰Ϊ鵤ȭͷСһͱȻС
Ҫֱӳȥڱըֱӱը⣡
ҵУȡ˸ͨ׶֡ըĿǰȼףһڵıըСˣƽĵҩ࣬һö൱нʿһ
ؼǣٲһͱǿɿƵģֻҪ˿ѣϢ֮ڱը
ȻÿһöױըޣǶסడոӳһѣʮ߰öͬʱըˣһʿֱը
˭ͻȻɫһ䣬ŤͷһߣУһѱը
ոǸһ˲Ϣ


27 ᣡ
ţţûж⣡䣬Զֳ
죡ͫ΢һᡣ
߳ģӣһλģһЦһ꣬ࡣ
λʦְܺʦܺʦöƳһеһѱըһ΢Ц
Ŷλܳ𣿡ɫ˻һѱը֡
н磬Ϊȣʦʦʦʦõȱ֣ǰΪģǰλȻȥϢ࣬ǼȻʦԾӣսȻǿò
ʵʵķϻ죬ŵУѾǾΪȻɽڣǧŵӣģʮ˶ѣ
ȷʵܳʦõͨؼǺʦ֣пǶ΢΢һ̾ϧҫۣҲǸˣ
ôɱǣ鷳ԣüͷ΢塣˸ˣһ鷳òɱǱŵӣѵ鷳
ʦܶˣЩŵӣҲˣǲܵģһЦﺬԷʵϣŴȣһһȵɸѡᣬˣֻɱ¾ϴģҪ˲ţ
׼ҲֺһˣҲ˰ɸѡȻпˣ
˵ô࣬ʲôû˿ɣԷԼ˵ô࣬Ȼͼģ
ʦܹȻˣ˲˵һҺʦܺʦõģҿʦҲܺʣ΢΢һЦ̸
ԭк壬ģĽкڣŵӣ
˵ܼ򵥣ɽΧһޣǱԼһ֣
õŵӵգɫʵ
ͨ絤ٺһЦ󷽳ϣ
죬˭Ҳ޷ȷԼûԣŵӵصã
Ͱȫͬͽ׺нףҪͨζޱȣʵĳͰ죬컹Ҫѣ
Ϊ죬ֻҪϣܹͻƣζͻƣҪҪŨ
Ȼųֲ԰ᣡ
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28 
ڼ״ͫһ
廹Щ򵥰ɫ΢а
ʵԵ⣬ֻܹһλ߼Σǣһ㶼ǿССķֽ棬ӡǷĲܣ
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⣬Ǭҵ˽׳Ʒ鼼شֳǬ
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29 ȸˣ
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30 룿ȸһŪ
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ٺٺ١ŮӹЦѣǷϽһԻͷ
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̼дɱʶԴβûк£ůůĸо


31 ף
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32 
ظ¶ǧУСľǰĴ£һ˫ۣͫ΢һһҹƷͨ絤Ϊٽһǰڣ
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33 ôЦô
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34 ִгͻ
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ǿƣֱͦˣ۽ֱ飬ɫЩ
ã˽лɫ΢䣬ҪĽడҪִиִ϶ִˣ
лգһǰֱۣϳϣȵҽ̸ģ


35 շ
ɶ˲侪ѡ
ڳͻȻһƬ֮С
һСӣȻ˵Լ˽׳Ʒ鼼ֱ֪˼㣡ЦˣΣȴָлһＥЦ
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ĩˣУּһ䣺н磬ֻǿȨûйƽ
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˰֣ȥķкһ૵ߣշ


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36 ɢ
˳ִлÿһǬ֮󣬱Իǧȣ鲻ᣬúú
ǣʵСһлᣬСǴͷϣŪһĭ
ȻȴǸոͻԪҪʱ乮Ϊ
Ź涨ŵӣѡһԼ١һ֮ϣŨ
гֲ԰󲢲ߣ˵ֻҲûԣԾסǧС
˵гֲ԰ԴԴϵҩӦģڼ֮ڣͻƵԪʱѡ٣
ңиҰʱ˵Լţ棬ĸϻ߷ɽũ˿УΪӣǾͷˣĲ˵ǶͿڸ֮ϣ
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ΪŴȵһ
֮󣬸ΪɱԪĵӣ
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һ֮ѾȫԡѪԼԿ棬ѺۣϸѪ
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䣡
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ǧȻûж֮Ũô˵ҲʮĶҲ٣ôû壡
ǡ
ɫһ䣬뵽һֿܣ
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ֻԴһ֮ģǼûǵľʹʱ۶ڱǣѪ
⻹û꣬ڴòйȫ翪ʼѣһһǲͣĵ翴ѾȫһӣӦ˵ѪӣΪʱѪΧ
˿̣ѡɢֻ
ѹֱľʹɫƽÿΣʱ̣ܹͷ˿ʱ񲣬ûзִ磬ȫǸʵ෴κ˶侲ȻǣûнԼ
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ξ壬ֻǣûǾķ⣬ʰ̾˿һѪ
ңɣֻǣҲ޷ˣ
˫ۣѵֱ̧ۣȻ


37 
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ɫһ飬һһѺɫĳͷ˲С֪ʲôãǣΨһĻᣡ
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Ԫܣڵĸ޸ƱԪܵĹЧ
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СһҸĲֺһ࣬ĺڣ治ڳֲ԰Ȫ裡
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Сԣ˸磬ͷĻصȻԣ˵ĻԲ˵ĻҪģ
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ѭȥһ̷ܶ˽üĿ棬Ǻһ˿΢ЦΪС
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ҲϽ׷߰С񣬲ǰӵ˰ɣ龰İ֮˲ȼգ


38 û
ʸʦ֣Ȼüͷ΢壬ɫ䡣
ʸʦ֣ã죬ǰȥһ
ǱϽʦֵĴڰ϶洫ɣ˵ϢϽҪǿ٣۸͸Ϊ϶Ԫϣ
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һԵȻǳ鶯С춼ˣ
ߣ֣ͦ˴Ļȣ䲻һ
ɣˣɫ΢䣬
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ﲻĴڣ
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Ͻ㣬ûʲôǲҲ֪ɢˣɢһҲʲô£һһֱԹ۵ͻȻԣƽ
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ȻΪʦǣеȴʦõĵͳһʺܺãΪʦѡ˼ѡĵܵܣǵһѡϧɽũԣ̾˿һֻҪɽڣɱǣ
лʦ𣡡Ȼԣɫϲл
ɽũ˰˰֣һתŵӵݣȴǲܱˣ𣬱ǧȰɣ
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ŶǱӻһȵ𣿡ɫ΢
ǰɣɽũԣ˵ͷ


39 
ã㣡ҡҡͷǬͳһöƣӸɽũˣ
ȻƳƵӣһ
Ŀ⣬Щ죡ƣҲУɽũͣɽڣĿǰֻö
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ⶫؾڵĲرͼֻнؾſɿ
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ãɽũ˽ӹһ˿˷֮⣡ɽڱö
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һʣǳ׸ܵ˴ŵů
ѵҪһһ̯˫֣־Щ

塣
ʦǸʲôʱվںǰȻһӵĶ
ƽ̷ˣֻҪɽڣǾͲԶҡҡͷ
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40 ʮ
ֻУһũģߺȻ֣ڹѲһܣüͷ΢塣״ҳ
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ǡݣſٵ˵ĵ·⣬ʲôʱˣ


41 һؾƷ
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ҪȥģʵعˣҲûõҪȥġ
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ܲˣ·ҪԼˣûϻԼٵĴ
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ҡҡͷ·ſεĻ뿪
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⣬ǿȱ飬֣ںҪǳߣ


42 ͨˣ
صˣҪҩԪԣɻ
ôʲôҰɣüͷ΢塣
ûʲôֻûҩ֮ҲֻԪһѣҡҡͷΪƣ񣬡鷨ûã֮Ҳ֪ûԽ֮
ѻ죬˭㡶鷨ûˣ˷ۣ͡
ǣ˵һ壬ţʲôܹѵǣգɪޱȣ
һȻ˲һ幦ɣ״˷ۣһ죬Ҫ幦
ǸǺǡܵشмѲȫ幦ûУԣ˸
Уһмٲɽ¶ȥ
Ҫȥ
ɽڵĲؾУ鼼иִ£һϾͼţǰϣֹһöˣ
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˿̣ɱգͷϣһңվһʾ֮ǰɽڷͨʾģĻ
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ΪһνرЩˣҲƴˣҡҡͷԸ̣Щŵıʣнıʣ½ıʣ

ȥǣһ
ʦ֣Ϣ
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ոˣΧͨʱԪʿ˵װȴǸڵŵӣ

һصĽ䣬ѾһһŮ볬ֲ԰
Ϣϡ콣ֱɱ˴ƹľ䣬ͽԪʿûзӦ㱻ɱƺһغ
Ϣ̫ˣĲٵվǳŲԶѾΪѹ˿ĭе
˿̣Ÿﰵкüڶңƨ붼֪Щ˿϶ڵ
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ˣʲôҪ𣿡߽ӣӭһλ뷢׵ˣòãһ˫۴Ŀ
Ӧһ䣬һһѴ󵶡֣Уǲ׵ķżмҲƷ
Ǻ۹⣬ѵаԻƷǱеľƷ˼𳤵Ƽ
Ի֣ıүѵүҪˣſڣһŵȻ


43 ּ
üͷ΢壬Ťͷȥһʮ߰꣬Ϊ죬һ飬󣬸ΪԪ
幫Ӱݹ٣С겻ʤң˼ˣͷЦ
󣡡꿴һۣȴʾԵĻ
䣬һվ˳һץеĴ󵶣
üͷ΢壬Ų΢ȴùһצ
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õɱ󷽣״һ飬ƺûȥɱһֻ
ɱһ꾹ȻΪС¾Ҫȡֱ̫ˣ
ֻۣһڹһţһɱȻ͸ʺ
죡Ĳ˼飡
ͷ˿ʺϲŵĳоԽԽ䣬Ҳ벻һֻĶˣһͽԪһʿɱˣôܰ
ߣһһȴǽ볬ֲ԰
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ԣɫ΢ͷּӣȻţ
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һߴԻ͵ĸ֮ۡУһ˺Ϣ͡¥֮䣡
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ǸˣݶѰ˼ΪͣӸոѹֲסϢжϣи߽ԪΪ
һȴԵЩƮ첻Ѹܵĵ˵Ϣ
ΣȴǶԳ᷿ۡȥҹɫڴ
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ҡҡͷȥ


44 ˣ
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ħԣɲ㷢ģһɣΥĶҡɼ޵·
ãǳȥɣٺһЦһѱˣеǰҪ͸Ұ
㣡˷˷ۣȴ΢΢ʮ꣬ΪϣΪû뵽·ɱôˣ
ߺߣͽϷָΪҪʬΣԪٲ֮أаݣ
Թɱ֮ĺëֱҹɫźˣĳ˰Ϣ
⡣
˵ǰʲô˼ºˣԹ
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46 ħ
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䣡
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ͷ亹λǿ뿪ɣߣҵ鷳ˣ


47 鶴
Աٹﴦ
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48 սħ
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ۣ
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ʱһ̰εض

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ۣ
·©Ƥ򣬺޽䱸İ𣬱Ƶļ羮ѨУԪ
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ͷϵĶںħսʱˣ˿̣ĿȴǱ¶⣬һ۱ϳɽͨ꣡


49 㱬
һϢǿӵӣҲɱģٺһЦЦ
ʲô㡭һһѪѾʼѹסԪٴα
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ѾĹעΪڣҵԪѾʼױǰǰ󣬿ɲֹһ˵ĻԪ˿̣ЩֻԪѾʼͣΰӷףƳ֣֮УǸͨĻԪҪļ
ˣҲùڱըǰϦǻԹ䣡
ֻǣ׳Ʒˣɽͽڴˡ
䣡
䣬һ죬ȻըһԪʿȴһССʿϣĵĲԹޣһ޺
ܳ˻ˣͫһŨԹ˸£޺ȥǳױ¶ˣȥˣ
첽ǰһ̱ڵصңɫ
ʲô߿֮ϣ˻һ׳Ʒۣĺǿ׳ƷʹڴţҲˣΪɾѧ
ֻǸɢޣһԴģҲֻƷѣ׳ƷʹʺķԣҲһ˲䣬˫ĿѪ죡
ߣɫѿ𽽣һȴǼ׹棬һѹסҺһ⣬ƿնȥ
ߣ£˱޻ɢ񣬽׷ϣ
ܳÿ죡ͫ׽˵ٶȣȻǺ˵Ľ˿̣ڼٽӽУ
ȥҴ˿̻
ãȥ鶴Ҳϻһѱ㽫ȥٶ˲ӿ죬ƿնȥ
˹Ȼûж࿴һۣ׷˶ȥ
˸ȥɰУ˼׹أķѹ۶дֻǸСʿôߵĸ߶ȣˤȥɽˣ
˵Ԫ߽ʿԶݵУԱǻԪʮȥţҲָϣ
أҲľսں鶴ʱǼģǿܷеģôⲻϵܣҲٳⶼҪˣôߵĸ߶ȣʹԪΪҲˤ飡
ܳѣᣬгԳˣ˯أ
䣡䣡
һ֮ϣһ޴Ĺ֣
ѽʹүˣˣʲô־ͷĽʹ
ȴԭؼʱ̣ƾԼǿٻ۾ǣ˿ԹѣΣ۶ǣ̫Ѩһͻһͻ
ǿٻľΪͲߣ
ƣЩСƣڣȫųɵĹͷˣȸƣܹӣͻ֣ᷢ˿̣ȸ֮УѾʼѪ
ƣʹԪʿ˵ĻҲҪƨ
ҲûıԹûǼһ˺֮⣬ǻ𣡶Լܹоڿţ
ôˣһԣһ𣬿ϼ̳Ĺͷɫһ䣬е
𣡱ˣһҡΣʱоʹǬ죬ҵǬҩιң
˿֫ˣʲôɲˣ
ŶãһʹԪˣһߴǬУһѵҩЩҩ󲿷ֶв鵤
ȫιһ鵤һͬʱһճУ
ѽʲô񰡣˿̣ҲΣ״Լڣܸܵ˵ڿţ
ֻһѾеҩʱҩƿһأĵҩСϪһУ
һԵҿĿɿڴ鵤İô±
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鷳ǣڿٻָƣһһĿɿڴҵ
ŶãҷӦ̽ѵĹͷӺ
Ҳꡭвѣ̵ֱʹ
һ֮һ麹ӹ֮˳תһڣƣǻָ߰˷֣
ˤ²ѣ֮£ԪҾͺõĶˣϳ˼˺࣬ȻƨûУ
ò̾ԪĲ𣡾һ֮𰡣
뿪֮УѾ¶ˣɫأǴ˿̣֮⼸ĵطոյһᣬᣬ˵׷Ѿӽˣ
ǰ·ˣң۵Ҹطָһ£˵ͷҵԪųɱɣԼֻʣɣƻûлָ
״̬±׷֣ף

̼ӣҪ̤ƽ鶴
ʹ鷿֮еĻʵյϢŭѣһ£֮УӼᣡһɫʿֳֳ꣬һλԪĴ£ӿȥ
˾ӣͬʱǵĻдʿЩˣ˸ոϻصľ޺׳ƷջС
ң󲿷ʿǳȥģΪ׳Ʒ̫ˣ󲿷˵õҲûãͲһˣɽڵͽѣȴԻõؽ鼼
ͬʱϢԼٶȣ֮⴫
ǻʹ֮Уʵͳһöӡһ֣أ桭


50 ʮأ
ԱȺɽ
Ⱥɽ֮Уһ۵ɽͷɽλãһεĶ֣һʯڹ߻谵ԼɼӰϥһο࣬һΪ
Ȼ䣬ֻǿӰһһڻɫԶɽҫһƬ죡
ңָˣӵЩ˿ĸо
ħȻԵʱָԪ̾˿̾
ʦܣȴҲħ֮ϣӺٺһЦ
ˣȻңһ·Ⱥɽ·ȻҲһЩ׷ɱʿҲоգҲָˣ
û뵽ʵۣȻɾַ鶴ֱ֪վһŭ
Թ۹ɷ֣ʿηοʿʵۼֱıӵַ鶴
Ǹڷ֣ҲпɽҲ˵üͷ΢壬
ߣٴĿɽҲΪһССİʿһжǰΪм
Ϊ׳Ʒأ
⡭ԣһȴɫأǰΪһǲ󶯸ɸģǣΪ׳ƷͲͬˣ
УҪ鶴ҺԾһϿŵƲɢֻһأովӲɵаȻ
ΪҲ㣬ξͲҪȥˣƽϢٶ٣ԴǸ
ոմñ⿪ĽᣬΪȻֽһҲøֻҪչһʱ䣬ܽں鶴Σ˼չأ
䣬ұˣѾɽ
ҡſ˵㷢֣ҵӰѾɽ
ֻʣû¯һأСૡ⼸콫ǰĵҩõĲˣôһΪӦ֮ðԪܰ
һ䣬ѳڳֲ԰
Сͯ

㿴ֲ԰ڿ𣿡óˣʵĽֲֲ԰ֻףȡһҲ18%
ԣСͯǻе
ʲô˵ԣûбʲôϣȻСͯ϶һʱΪԼˣ
ԣСͯ䷳
֣Ͽ֣Сͯȷѣ㽫ջΪͷ컯ƨƨȪķȥ
ǹϵδıȪΧһ㣡
£Ȫˮһֲ¼У
ֲ¼һǣݿɷḻ˺ֲܶ࣬ѾΪһס׵֣Ҳнֵӣ
ֻոµȴû
ֲ۳ʮǷͬ⣡ʱСͯ
ʲô۳ʮΪʲôȻʵ
۳ʮɲǼ򵥵ԪܣԪܵޣ޷ģΪͻƣԪޣ½ֺܶ
ԽֲҪֲۣ۳ʮǷͬ⣡Сͯɡ
ۣҧҧᶨ
µµΪһӣƴһѣʿһһٶ꣬һﵽԪɴֻ꣡Ҫ죬ʮʲô
ͬ˲䣬оһҪĶᣬоһ飬ָо˲ţͬ
Уֲ¼ֻУĽֲĲ֣棬һ֦پĹľֲ꣡
ұߣľϢ
ֲĽֲ
ЧʿãɸӦڡһ
۳ʮڵ򣬳ֲ԰ʱӵļĹЧֲʱ̰ٱ
һ꣬ٱٶ𣡻̫˰üͷ΢壬ĳʱһֲ꣬԰ȻѾѹǣһʱ䣬̫ˣ
мֲ԰ʱǰٱʱСͯǻе
ģԣɫһץסСͯеĹؼ׷ʵʲô취ӿֲʱ䣿
Сͯش
üͷ΢壬˿̣ϣνһƶϴ֮еõĶĶӸֲ԰ˣ
˿ڳ˯Ҳǿٻ
˵׷ɱӵˣвٰɣɫһоһ
֮ǰֵĿһСܸͯоСͯ˲٣һޱСҡҡͷԼĴ

ʱһαǼաȺɽʿΣ
ΪǴɱ߱
ԴǰͻȻտʼ׷ɱʿǸɽڵͽֵǮ
죬׷ɱʿһѪĽѵ
Ҫͣ
СϢɽ֣Ϣ飬ר͵Ϯƹ̶죬ϵʿӸ߽ͽԪʮˣ
׷ɱʿѴӵΪˣһ㶼һ飡û취ֻķݣ
һɽ֮У˿̣һŮڴЪϢ
˵ʦ֣ɽڵͽ²СһĿĴһʯͷϣһ޽ۺ꣡
ߣûǣԱߣһһмߵ
λʦ֣СһΪѾɱ˺üͽԪʿŮԼȴΪء
ˣǳѣǵλãһģı־ȻǸڵŵӣ


51 ׷ɱ
꿴ɫȫгţͷ
顭
ʱϣ
ɫ΢䣬ɱ裬ͣˣһʱ䣬ֻм֮ûл֮
һнԪʿ࿹ʱ͸ܵ˲࣡ԷһֽԵȼͣǽɫԪ̫Ϭˣ޷֮⣡
ҪɱټϡȣѾˣ
꽣ʩչҲǰȣСӣ̫ˣһȥԷξ͹һŤܹɱһȻ²ٽۣǶ
ѽܹһڲһ糤ˣʱѪ죬ֻһֽУӿһŶأʱһ̰εضֱӴǰĻ꣡
ؽ鼼
ؽ鼼뻯⧲һ˲䵹ˣ
٣ȻĴĿУһ鵤˵Ļ꣡
ױը
䡭
ʱ޴ĺȻ𣬻䣬޴ĳƷɳȥ
ɻû۷ǻǰһ˲γɣס˴󲿷ֵıը
ϾֻױըʹѻҲ˲нԪʿ
ɫһڵ֮Уϱһ쾵ӣ
ûõƷ߾
ʱһߺХҪ׷Ļ꣡
ֻǻһŭгţһһɫХ۵һ㽫룡
Ҫ׷ǰǴȸոջҪϲ٣
ӡǣ˲ǰ
һʱ飬һСС֣ϵĹȻЩӦӲϾ
ؼǣЩЩģòֵ
䡭
ϵĺ𣬻䣬ֱײÿӿݣð̣굹һ΢΢ЩȴǺ
ɢȥ꿴ǰ˫Ŀͨ죬ŭ
ֻǰտյֻʣ½ڵĴأﻹӰ
˲Զһʯ֮ȫϢſ
аѣԪʿȻǺģرнԪʿǰϵԪʿǵͽףң͵Ϯ֮
˴ΣԿһλнԪʿ˲࣡
ǿԪܱȵģ˿̣Ĵ룬ҲûκζԷһ˿
ҪǴըڻΣֻܶýˣ
һֲܵ԰Խ룬ɰң˳ˣ˵ز˾ոǶ϶Χʿ
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죬˺ܶ࣡ר󣬶ЩнԪʿԶԶ㿪
ǣȺɽЩͽʿˣ
гֲ԰ֻҪ˷֣ܹʱ룡ǣĿֲЩʿ֮䴫
˵ȫǸн߽ԪʿҲ˵Ǹ飬û
ߣҲҪð⼸죬ʿѾߵĲˣͽԪʿҲ˲٣
ɽͽǳ׳ˣͬǣǰ֮
ˣȴҲ˽ˣɽڣŵӣ
Ⱥɽ⣬һɽȥ
ߣл̣ϣǲҪҵ£ǰһ
ʦֶˣһ֣غ껺Ӧ
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꺺ӣϢнԪʿȴӵϹϾͷ꣬ϢжϣҲԪһѣ
ߣãͷһŶ飬һͷȺɽ֮У
̫ˣǶ洫ӣƾʲôţһߣոսȺɽŮһƲ޵
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Ҳ֪絽ôˣ̿ľɽ֣һǡ
࣬µģлȭͷο
ӣŵ˵𣿡̶л
ȻǲŵģֻǣƺһЩ˵񾭣ʦĬǵͨлҡҡͷо΢ϧʦ㱻סˣھƾҲ֪ܲܰﵽ
ߣӣĸɣɫһе
ҲãлƬ̣˵ͷҲ֪βҵøɶ飬һֻܼ£
˵ǵ˿һɽУһۣһ
Ȼǳֲ԰컯컯Уһһööʵǵ
Ӷᣬڳ죬ջö
ûе¯ֻ컯ֲ԰һзЧΣֻһȽصɽ׼ص
ɻûңûʹã
֣ɴӦһָǰһͱ컯֮£
ıֻ̫֮ϧڵΪû취ʹã³ģҲֻͨѣ
һȴǰ컯ʱľǲٿ컯ķ
ҿ
ȴССУһ컯¯ŤȴôҲѲ컯֮ĿɿڴָͷСĻڣ治٣


52 Ԫ
˲þȣϲͣҩ컯еһ˲ɫˣΪЩϣ컯ų⣡
Ҳ컯ҲаҲ֮У¯ҩڳڣ߼а̺֮Уǣ컯һ顣
Ҳ̫˰ɣа̣һʱ䣬Σ컯ںֲӵĹܣҲ޵ĺܣȫɱһֻȴһɹ΢΢һܹںϣֱƷ󱬷
˼䣬컯֮еȻʧ۵һ䳾
ˣ˿ڰ̣Ե
ɹܲЩΪһҩȴͻȻɢֻ컯ײһԲƵĵҩֱת鵤֮ϣȻһȦΣ
ιᶥǵɳƷļ
Ʒ鵤һһ˲볬ֲ԰
컯ȻܹԼ鵤а
ո컯ı֣ȷԶ鵤𣬿ֻǳ䵱ѣ
ѵ컯Ϊ¯֮ãûֻģһͨͻƷ鵤Ĺ£
˲õı컯˫ĿŹ⣬컯ܹҩɵҩƷ˸߳
ˣˣ컯ͽܰɣſˮ۷Ź⣬ԹԸ¡˲ðԶƳƷ鵤Ժпڸˣ
һۻתڵ飬ͽˣԺ󳬼ֲ԰ҩƳɵ
ϣ˷ܲѣ컯Ա˿Ϊ⣡
ٺٺ٣ñ˿һŵģҲ͵Ϳˣ
еСžţ˿̣ȴǿ컯еĳƷ鵤ͻԪ£Ҫصˣ
Ҳֻһöһϲͷ컯ڣֻһö鵤ʧ
㶮ƨǳƷ鵤Ʒ鵤ԣʱ첱Ӵ֣ѡ
ֻһöûķݣҡҡͷһðģ
ߣ˷ۣСĵƷ鵤컯һ˷ܣ
컯鵤ƷʣɲΪƾԼܹƳƷ鵤
컯ҩҩԣȥߴݼһ飬Ч컯볬ֲ԰а˼
صѾɣ°뿴ǡ鷨׹ܲãһԴߴٵ
ãһϥƷص븹У
鵤븹˲ڻһůȴûʲôҷӦ
һ𣬸оһɹƺѹեѸʵ
̣о泩
ˣ
ĳһʱ̣УһȪˮˣֻǰһ䣬ⶼǷۺһƬ
ĸƢ۹ȥ˼Ԫеӣ
۹һתֻλãһɫ͸Һ嶣˳ͣͬЧӦһ˲һε͸ҺѸٳͣһƬȻԪͣ
Ԫһûԣɫ͸Ԫ˼صͨأƺֻṩһֶڵѹԪӶʿͻﵽԪ
ֻͻƣԪһ͵ˣҳɾ͵ʿս޵ĺܣ
ˣȲԪɣ̾˿һſԪУⶼɱԽõģԪԪʿָԪõģеģǽľˮԵģ
û취޷ؼְֻܿ취䣡ԵԪһ븹㱻Ǽ͸ԪתΪԣ
ˣãһվ
ԭ
ʱλãһ
˭һոרȻûз˿
ֻλãվһؽ꣬ΣȻɽڵŵӣϢԪң
̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡡굹ؽһƽЦؽ֮ͬ꣬ӿԷһ·
ɽһˣȺɽ֮зͷѰõϢҪ֪ͨȴ̰һҪԳãʵؽ鼼
ڴţǿǵؽƷ鼼
˵ὣϣոͻƣûԽأ
״Цһؽƹţѹ
䣡䣡䣡
һʱ䣬սһţ
ֵؽ鼼Գ룡
ǣһؽ裬һȻ֮ͷſ鼼ͳͳЧ
Ԫôؽ鼼ôܣһ֣˲ֿһ⾪ǸûķôԪ
ңϢϣҲӦ
֪ǿصǿԪͨأϢжϸ׼ȷ
Ǵŵŵӣа̾ǰĻĶӣڼʹͻԪؽ꣬Ҳ·磡
ʹиֵؽ鼼䲻⣬ðԪһ죬ҲֻܺԪǿ濹⣡йս
ããã꾭˲ľǴ֣һ̰˫۷Ź⣬ܹһͻϣȻбӽǺ鸣죡
Цؽնѹƺ˼ֻ֣ҪõرȫԶģʱгɣɽڲɣ
ߣ
һɱһһҵĻ콣Х˲Ŀڣ
ؽƷ鼼Ԫ齣
֮ڣǵԪ齣һԴ߶Σ
ʲôǻ콣ͫ׽֣Լ㲻ϵؽ˿ƺ
һؽȻȼֻͣǣƺûңʩչִ󿪴ϵĽϵΣ
ۣ
ģĿ


53 壡
һһնͷಿΪֲ԰
Ҹط壡иоʵ̫ͣںϻһŨĵط
л֮ĵط𣿡һȴǴ첲ϵĻ
ĵطǺ鶴ˣ
üͷ΢壬ڱ׷ɱʵìܵļ㣬ں鶴
׳ƷջܹͨģΪǰȥͲ˵ķݣ
˲ԶҲһ»ٴ
ô˵·ɫһߴٵ
û˵أЩɡ
ô΢΢һ㶡
ţƺϢܵЩȷ
壿ЩȻһ㶼޾֮УҲ֣ǶȴǼٿģȺɽ֮Уô壡
ȴ·ɣҡҡͷԵǲ壬ȥ֪ˣ
ڴ֮ǰҪ׷ɱ֮ˣһĽѵͷϵ䣬߳ʯ

һɽ֮ϣһССģȻһ˫ĿɴͷѪɽ۶Ⱦˣ
ԣһվû˵ɽХһŨѪƺһУ
һȺˣɽˣ
ʦ֣ҪҪǳɣһɽԵЩ
죡Ϊȴһɫڿʼ˲ҪֿҪʬΣ
ɣеĴˣ
ɿһ۽˵ͷһ˿η֮ɫ
ˣɽڴ˴νȺɽΪ֮ˣԪ죬ǣȻҲɱˣ˴ɽʮλɽڵӣѾ˽룡
ɣ˿̿϶ܲ˶ԶҪɱ֮Ծ󻼣ԣһһء
ˣǸڵŵӣԴϴ֮һֱȺɽ֮ѰңǺɽڵϣ
ֻޱȣÿһз֣˾Ѹ룬Ӱ
ң˽̫ˣɱ֮ˣҲԽԽڣԪʿ˸ͷ­ƺǶ˼ҵĥʯ
Ҳҵ·ֳ֤ʵҲˣ
˲аѣɱ
л鸴ӣ
װ̿һлͬŵ׼ѳСɽУζӳ£
׸ˣл̾˿૵
ǡô죿ԣɫ𶯡
Уλӣʼʱʣǻ쵰ŴȣУȴǴһ㣬ڣЩĿͷ­СУһ
Ҳ֪лҡҡͷɫӡ
ڣõѣǰʱȻ۸кôҲ֮󣬸ǴάǬ͸һݣһţһֵܣл˼ҲǸޱȣ
ȺɽʱϵˣǴ
ؿڣﰵ£ǰһս
ոսһԪһʿ㱻ɽڵԪĵӷ֣һսþܣǽˣҲûκε˶Է෴Լȴˣ
Ҫͷǿ鷨Ƭ࣬ͱᴩ
Ȼ治⽫նɱǣҲ˴ҿվ۱Ԫȫ
һɽ֮ϣ
ͣסΣȺɽۣ֮ۿȥһɽС
𣿡ɽ֮ڿȥȻһɽڣɽĵػ۽ڲݣȵĸѬĿŤ
ȷʵʺںϻ
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58 븡
ڣִ壬ִС
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꺮ʱܹѹɻҲǳ֮ƣ̾˿Ŀǰֻϣʦˣֲ˶ˣ
ɽܹƳƷ鵤ʦ峤ϲȥѵҲûа취ŮԴ󼱣ʦڱչͻļˣôذ
׷ԣȴǽĿתǰ׷Ӳߡ
⡭ҲǱһ֮ѡ׷ҡҡͷ͵ǳһλܹƳƷ鵤ʦҲۣǱһ룬ֻԼûʲôϣڵʦûа취һɢޣʲô취
ǡô죿ŮɫЩ˫֮Уһ
ˣΪɫһһ䣬۹ȴǿڴ
ֻһǰԺ첽
ӷοΪǸڵӣ˵Ŀ⣬ȴǿֻ꣬ӷ죬һ˿̣һ֮ɫ
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أ׷ߵǰʵ
峤ϣλʦ˹һ񣬸óλá
ʲô׷ԣƳһǵϷäϹɣ
⡭峤ϡʦһ£һѵȣ˻治ȷԼģǲʦˣ
ǾҪһȴȫȻܼ˵ķӦֱߵ꺮֮ǰһۣƺǻɷ壡ð찡
׷ҪΪ׵ȴǰ˰֣µĶܹϳɷ壬ܹ˵ˣУ
ܾ𣿡һԣŮӼ״е
ŶǣŤͷƺҪγˮŮӣɻ
Σܾ𣿡Ůӱ˸㲻ĵļʵ
Сһ˻ǲΣһۺʹ꣬аĽ
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װŪ׷ɫмЦ
Ŷ֪СʦкδΪ΢΢һЦʵ
ǰǣ˹֣
λ̷ִŮȴͷֿһһԵİ׷ߣλִ峤ϣ
Ǻǣԭλ˵棡СӼֶڼʦһɢޣҲգ˹֣һЦ˲һִӵܵĳȴò˵ݼ治Ǵģ
һһЦģǿ֪
ԣȴǽĿ⿴׷ߡ
ߣװŪ׷ߣ˿һ˵һ˲ȴɫ΢
ڳˣУ׷׿ſڴ
ֻһŹȣͫƺɨһˣȴǽĿ⿴ϵ꣡
ʦμˣһ˹ȥϲ
ˮ̷ˣɫһڵ
ˮ峤ҲǿͿ
ߣ϶ͽˣȴͽܲģ治񻰣һƳһ̷Ϊƣ
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ԣһ壬Ǻˣ˵ķݣ
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ЦһССԪһʿˮƽжߣԣЦȻİɣɷѣգֻգƳˮȻҩ
˵꣬ȴἸˣֱʱķȥμ״
СӱգٺһЦķ򣬸
֪ߵغ񣡡峤Цһ˿м֮⣬ȴǳŹһԵ˵ǸλСʦŸס
УֶǸЦȻգգҲ㿴Ҹڵˮƽ
彭ɽ壬ѵǻ֮ˣҵ飬˳ϵƳһ۰׷ߣ˼ת
ͣС治֪ߵغ񣬳ˮˮ£һССԪһʦۣҵȲò
ֱ֪жߵж񣡡
ҿʦҲǸӣˮƽɽ

һ·֮ϣ˶һ·Ц
ȴǲΪ⣬еĿģͲǾ꣬Ȼ֪ôȣҲֻ֪ӽӽ
λ֮ˣʲôˣôĻɷ֮ɫһʵ
ŵ˰ɣ֮˿ˣſҪͻˣҪִ峤Գ֣Ǻʦ־Σˣ
Ŷˣɫòĵʵ
ûУ峤ϴסˣ˵ĸףС
ôʲôһ˵Ͷ룬ȴһ˴˻ͷ
ԣôʲôպ󣬺ʦȬɽˣ£˷Ӧһͷ·
ٺһЦ˵ĻУ˽⵽һûҲû
Ȼˣ


59 
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ˮǬóһУƴ򿪣ֻһɫ鵤ɢĹâȴһɱ֮˲ִá
ˮƷ߽鵤ˮ֮ñ꺮ˮƶɣЧãڵĻɷˮƳһﺬ֮ɫ
ɫǺˮͣһ˲鵤ġЩ棡
ͳˮ̷һϲл
ˮ˰֣ɫЦһ鵤ݸΣ£
ãһϲ鵤뺫С
鵤븹ֻϱԽԽƵĻΪ֮һͣʹıҲ΢΢һɡ
˼״¶ϲɫ
Ƭֻ̣Ȼ˫Ŀº񴲣ֵлˮʦ壡
μ״һϲǰ´ź
ߣˮ״ϲˬһȴǿһԹ۵ЦСӣΣ
ҪǿСӱǲ֪ʦ˭˿Ҳ˵ˣСԪһ죬ǣȴܹƳƷ鵤Ĵڣ
ŮһųǲǸڰи̣ȴٵȵȣ
ĿȴתһԵ峤ϣλϣ壬Ƿйϵ
Ϸȵۣ彭ɽаȻ֮ɫ
ԭȵۣʧʧԣһ羴֮ɫȴǰ˼ǧת˲佫ǰ˸ͨ͸
һеĵ¾ǰ֮
СֵܣˣҪлһ̷΢΢һЦ
һߣ峤ϻһλӣԸλСֵȥؾһ鵤
ٺ٣ٺһЦϻͷ꣬λкǰɣ
𣿡΢΢һ㶣üȻһֱĿˣ飬֪ġʩŰȫĻѾʧǰλ˵ûκأ
˹ɫµĵ
ʵѾʼˣ㲻˵һʲôνĺˮѹסʲô
⡭˹ɣһЩȷˡ
ӵд̾ǲںˣֻǣǾ˵ļƻҪˣ
ͣȻ뿴˹ˮһЦ
ǣӦһ䣬Ԫӿȴǿʼ˹
һںչʱȴһ˲һȫĳɫ涸Ȼȼͣ
һҽУڵأ´ĸо׹
⡭ôܣ
ڳ˼״¶֮ɫ
λʧɫҪǰֻǳҵĻ棬޷
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̷һץƿһѾںԣ˫֮ϣŻ״ԪӺǳҵĻ棬һöˮ˽У
鵤ڣʩŰĻ浱ֵǣǻ濴ͣǣϣ·ûƣֻɢĻȴȿʼʱҪҵĶ࣬ҲѾ֮У
ԹԸ¡ô͵ĻôûЩȴͻ
ٺ٣˵ûɣѪ֮еĻ棬ˮôѹƵˣԽѹƣԽͣȥᱻճɻҵģԼԤӦ飬ɪ
𣡡¡ҵĻ棬һմϣᱻճɻҵģ
Ȼ̫ʮǧǣҲһ˲õĻˣٺһЦСӣҲ֪˵˻ǵù𣬳ɾ壬Ͱϧѵ̫ˣ
ԣĽʰţģ
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ֵܣȾȺɣˣ
ͻҲһ˲֮飬ʱȴһ󣬿
ˮ״üͷһȴûڿ鵤ֻʱѹƣҺܶԪǣʹԪ˭Ҳ֪鵤ܹѹƶã
Сֵܣʲô֮ģºضؽл̷˹֣λˣΪͽܵҲòͿ
ǾҪ峤ϵˣȴǿһԵ峤ϣ峤ϣȥװɣ
ˣɣ峤к޺ޣδ䣬תߣٺһЦϣ
ǣǺúÿźɣҲҪϣһ䣬峤߹հ˹գԼĪСʱȴһη֮У
ԼȥͿˣվʯ֮⣬Ƴһ峤ϣܲ漰ʦط峤ϻǲҪȥΪã
˲峤üͷһ壬һʢסڸڣϷǸڳϣ
֮⣬Ǹִ峤ϣһ˲õʦǣҲҪעִ磡
ʵ峤ϵ飬ǲˬȥΧ鶴Լ˽ж·ȴĵӺҲһͬǰ
⺫ڸ洫УҲǰéЩ£ǿʱ峤ϱţ󰭣
û뵽ͳĴ֮ϣҵʵԤϣһб㽫ˣ
鷢չѾԼˣǣ°ңţ


60 ʦ๫
ʲôʱͽʿҲܴˣȻ壬峤ϣ΢΢Ц
ʵǿ峤ϵľΪģǱȽϻǿԵģϢжϣ˱ȺҪϲ٣ˣΪн
㡭峤ԣͫһϢȴһ𣬶ԷȻֻǸԪʿǣȴƳƷ鵤ˮβ˵ƣòƶг񣬶ңһصʦʵҲֻǸһ˶ѣ
ƥ򣡡ЦһȴǶԽη
谵ηУֻһͷԻ׵꺺ϥһ˫ĿȻĿֱ˫ۣ
˵ңôŰɣٺһЦǿˣҵʿƺӡˣûʲôˣ
ԣ˭ϤһʱΪԼˣǰˣûϢҲ죬ɺʵ
ңЩΣΪһʧݵֱȥҩЧ»ҪһЩʱ
㣡һ㶣ǰһȴǺһ޶ϢȻЩ仯ǻϤĸо
Ȼˣ˷ۣҽһ仰ҭ
Ҳץˣ´һڵΪӡ𣿡
ʲôҲץˣʲôΪͷӡãģ˷ۣѹҵĳ嶯ڵûԼ߽𣿡
ô
˵ȥ˵˰֣ҵѯʣһһͷɫСȴǳηĵϣ
棬Ϳˣٺ٣Сţƺ壡
էȻСڣһһ˲ȴһɣЩȷˣСϵϢԪ
ʵľ˼ƻ跨ӽңȻٿ֮Ϣߣ
֮ȻıҪǿ
ңվڻԣʹߣ
䣡
ʱһƵĺʯεʯű˺Ȼ
Ϸ򣡡ɫ䣬ݵĵͷӰȻһϵ
ϸ磡

ֻſλãһ׷Ŀ
ߣȻǺˣŵģǸոո·峤ϣ
СѹȻһף˹һЦǻȥ峤һڵϣ󲽶ȴһ۾ϳ
ϸ磬ô⣿һɻ
ϷǱڸڣֻһֱҲҶڣҡҡͷֱǰСѵĵ
ֹ
Ҳ㣡ǻǿЩ뿪ɣ֮еȻϷˣǳᱩ¶ģ˰˰֣ɫء
ǱڸѾһʱˣ˽⵽ŵǿ
ãߣ˵ͷһץסˣڵ
֣ߣһȣɫâһ˰һ˲ȴǹ£
ݣ
ۣ
һɽ֮ף֮ϣͻȻɫâһֳһ޵Ӱ
ҿ̫ˣݹȻɵĻϢϢֹһ䣬һâ볬ֲ԰С
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ҵ裡Ӧһ䣬ת
ԣûٶʣֻĿһת۲Χ
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Ҷһۣϡ
Ƭ̹˱ͣɽλãΪǰһ®®ǰ棬һͷʯǰһ΢ЦĿǣ
ʲôΪɫ΢䣬һԵĺˡΪǰߣȫǸͨˣ
֪ҲһϾǰ߿ͨˣɵӲŻôΪ
ѵλۣ΢
ǺǺǣλǰߺǺһЦ崺硣
ǣԣǰȥѧΧʯΧ
λƺͻڼȿң΢΢һЦ壬ϰɣ
⡭ԣȴǽĿ⿴ˡ
лǰ⣬ӣ˴з
ļˣΪɢޣҲ㲻߲Ϊ΢΢һЦҲ壬ϰɣ
ԣ𣬸ʵԼĲ²⣬аתǧ˼ȴһҧлǰ񰮣Ե
߸ЦһȻ
һԿĿɿڴҲ̫ӵ˰ɣ仰ͽ˸ˣһҪͻң
Сʲôأȴǿһ΢Ц
ߣһȻ׽ָоһİ˸оУϼһʹʲôɣ
ţѿڶǲʹʲô
ԣЦּ֣˾䣬԰
Էһӽͷԣ
СӣԸϷΪʦãˣ
ɶߵ۹⿴ЩڣӦЩٶˣӦȴΪʲô
һۼĴڣʦһԣ漱ˣ
ԣǺһЦҲͣ
ۼԣ΢΢һ𣬳ĬΣɵΪʲô
ߺٺһЦʦ߲ڣ
ģԣЩΡ
ڣ壬Ϸ๫΢΢һЦԱң
ðɣʦϣͽһݣʼ磬£ͷ


61 鷨࣡
Ʊǿ䵽ڵһλǰУʦΣ˵һǴۼʿһɽ
ˡ
ˡ
ˡ

ʱƳ쳹ڣ
죬˴븡ڣ
ˣɫ΢䡣
İɣɽˣ΢΢һЦ
ԣ԰
ͽΪʦ߷е
΢΢һ㶣ֻоһصƺһ㣬̲ס˸£
ѵǴ˵еĵʶа
ʿﵽʶ˵̥ǵʶŸģʶ
ףں˼룬ȴ΢΢ףͽЩŹְƺɣ
ôţ棡𶯣ʵͽ
Ŷԣоһ
ôܣӺԣһӦǲţϵϢԪ
ġں黺
벻侹Ĺգпѡ
գȴüͷ΢塣
ʦǲʲô⣿״ʵ˵ʵԴںϻϵ֮ȻܹˣٶȴҪһֱô鵤Ȳα
Ϊʦ֮⡶鷨ûʲô⣡΢΢üǣϾȴȫϣΪʦƣֻǿάԪ죡
ô죿ԣЩˣ
취ûУ΢΢ڵȻںһУǾͶںϼǽľˮоȫ˵ĳЧ
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ںϣǸ⣡
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ʦ㣿һ䣬ȴһ·ӰҲûɫ΢׷ʵʦ壬мˣ
Ϊʦʦˣڣ߸Цˣ

ˣ
ң
ôһֱӵĸоаֹ
˵䣬еĽ׺Ȼ£׽֮УԼɼһӰϣȻӭ٣
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ٺ٣ʦǰݶˣˣзŹ⣬ﰵ⣬мЦٺٺ٣ǣԵ֣
յ蹦Ѿ´룬ѩգƺԽΣգ
ʦѩô÷֮ģѩƾһѳɽ٣ǳôǷһеǣʵ
ǽȴ컯֮õ컯ܱ֮ȵģ๫ԣǣ
٣ǽҲ컯ɹٵĺ˿һ˼ңп
˵ĹֻʣһҲǿһֻУͳĽƿپۼƹһɳصǵأ
Ȼ䣬ֻһȻ£
䣡
֮ͬؿ٣һȻ

µ˲䣬ֻѩֱһƳȻ䣬һ޴İɫ֣
ֻ۰ףצ޽ǣȻһͷ
鷨࣡һԣһ
鷨࣡ԣɫһѩȻЩãʵ壡
ɽڵĲؾпأν鷨࣬ǽڵѪΪһֶֹΣֶֻڰϲУ
Ҳ˵ѩǰ壬֮壡
Щͷһʹһ˲Ȼûµѩ
˿̣ؾţֻʣ׹⣡
Σ׹ɢȥȻ֮Źɽ𶯣УѸȥѩҲӰ
ɫһĵͷ嶥֮ϣһǿƳվȻ׷ѩ
ɹˣһ
콵󣡡ȴɫ𶯣
๫Ц̬ο
ǿ󣡡ҿգɫᶨ
ˡ
ˡ
ˡ

ʱ֮󣬾Ƴ
ֻһ᧿ΣһеͻƵڶһϣ
Ȼںߣ
ʱ๫ͻȻһЦ
ȴ˲Զ֪ʱѾվһλɷǵߣ


62 ݱ¶
ˣˣаˣǺйһ֮Եˣڵƽ̣
˺ԣϽһҲ˵ҲǸڵĳϣǰԨƺϢҲԵ
ʦ֣Ǻ˵΢΢һЦŲ๫ϲ֮һ۸߿գȴǻȥΣ
ԹԸ¡ƽ˵ʦ֣ţƵӰԣͫһȸԾɽܺΰߴ󰡣
˺Ҷһۣûʲô⣬ۼĴڣƽ̵ʦ֣壬Ǹǿһ
ôһṦ򣬱壬˶ǳϷһ
ȥ̷ִ峤ϺȻУǳˮҲڣ
ǣ
峤Ͽһצץ
䣡
һ峤ϵ˿ȥǰȻվźˣ
㣡
峤ϸܵ˵Ԫϳˣʯˣһʱ˫۷죡ϣ˲״Σʵڶ
壡๫΢΢һЦȴǿ̷
̷üͷһ壬峤ϣѵȵݵ÷
˷ߵǷ²峤ϼ״һڣ
עݣ峤ϻҪԣ̷ɫһ
ǣ̷峤΢΢һ٣ͫȴһ˿Թ
һۣܹ˵裡Դӷµλ븡֮Ǵڣ˵ǰİķ֮ԣͨϣҲް֮⣬ʣȷʵôãΨʵ۵λн磬ȻԲת
ַ˸ڵķˣȨʰɣһԣˮаɱ
Щ԰˶һۣƺЩԣ
һļһر峤ϣֻһˣӴۼĴ棬ǳˮҲ޹֮ɫȻû˵жԲ๫𾴿ԣôһ˿Ū
ˣʱһɫ䣬ΪݵģҩЧʱˣ
ֻõĹһģһ˲ȴǱһͨĺ
ϵ˾һ仯΢΢һ㶣
ף
Զȥε˼ıȴһɡ
˭ˮһɱһ
ɫơ
㣡ϣϳȴ峤ϣֻλŵ֮ɱŨңȵ

ǲûҲǣССԪһʿ˸λʿۣ
ǿܲʶһݣ峤϶¶Ц֮ɫɽͽ
ɽͽôܵҸˣ
ˣͼı죡
ץ̿ʣ
ɽڴã

ڷԣ
Ҳͱˣ״зôĴڻѹе󰡣
ߣϷ״ӣ˭Ҷ๫֮ȴһߣǿӲ
ִɽڲҪĵӣգˮԣһЦ
˾һ
Ϸˣ๫վɣƶ
๫ѱ˻ͽܣˮЦոͽѾŵĽɣڻһɽڵͽԲУ
ߣϷİͽܣĸǼĽҪӲ๫ɨˣ¶Ц۹⣬Ϸ˦ʮ֣ͽܣϷնˣ
̷ַҲüͷ΢塣
ôԶ٣๫ЦһȻ壡
Զ٣ˮԣļЦ֮һЦЦˣˣҵԶ٣һָͷѣ
˭˵ʦѵģʱһѭȥֻһӰ䵽๫ǰ
ˣѩȻϻһЩ׻ĺۼϢȴɣ
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ˮЦԪӿйһɨһɫӶȻγɣѩȥ
ˣ
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˼ˣҵ׷
˵һˣ֮ѩ䣬ڸУ
δ䣬𣬽ƣһ⣬ʧʣ
˼״Ҳȥᡣ
Ƭ̹򣬸ոջַǷ壬ֻʣʦͽ˺λϷѩҲͣ£
®ǰһΧʯ֮ԡ
ѩ㣬ԵѩԱߣ϶Ц
ǰӸʦ֣ʦ㣡ѩƳһ
Ŷõģѩ㣡˵ͷӦѩ˷ۡ
ȣλ´Ŷˣڸڵĵλ᧿Σ๫һԣλȥԼɣ
⡭˿һң΢΢
ѰʦԵʦص˰֣һں۾ȴѩϣ
ҵȼȻѾӦԵسŵ˳Ƭ̣Ȼ˵꣬һ۲๫ɵ֪
ʦͻƵ̥ʱ⣬ΪϣûȲ๫˵ѩӦ
ɫ΢վֵˣԺָ̣
ͬԵ໥֣ѩ񣬵λϣԿΪ֮ã
л˵лһ˵ͷң񶴸ȥˣ˿̣ͻڼøϽѡһĶչ
ֳֻʣ²๫ѩˣ
ѩʦȥһɣ๫΢΢һЦԺʦʲộ̽
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Ϊô
Զ๫ǹһ˿΢Ц®ȥֻʣ˿˿


63 У
Сӣ⵽ô£·ϣѩһ档
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ǧԵһǣٺһЦѩĿơ
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ѩ㣬ҵĵ°ɣѪͷѿڵ
Сӣѩԣ΢ָ˿ԹӣƲëôȤ
ÿˣѩԿٺһЦӿڵ
㡭ѩ״׼ҲһָЩ޴룡
ѩʱһԶ
ɫһѭȥȴԶһѹģ꣬˿磬ü续ӣҺ촽룬ıŮ˻Ůˣ
ѩˣɫʱ䣬꣬·
ԣαӵаȻеİĽһתаЦӣѩԴûȤ
ѩϲ꼸ϵһ档
Ʋ졣ϢжϣǸ߽ԪΪ
ʲôѩͣ½Ųۿȥ
λǣѩֵһ䣬ȴǿͿ
ߣܵ𣿡ѩһһ˿⡣
ҲֱŤɣ״Ŀ⣬һʱ̵ģԤŮˣŪСӣ
˵ʦһλ״ӣλˣμ棬½ӣλʦˣ꿴һ΢΢һЦ棬ȴԱţ
壬Ǹڵ壬ƽ˵ڣԳƸӣȻƽ˵״ӣ
룬ȴͱˣҪѹˣ֪Ѷˣ
ܹ˵ĻʱȴǺǺһЦòƺ񣬸ѽԭǴʦֵ棬ʦʧˣǸʦ㣬Ҳʶ
˵꣬ѩС֣икϵʦҿǳʦŰʦڵģ
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ߣԣһƯ΢΢ŤϢ
½Ҫˣ壡ѩ״һߣΧĿƺ㣡
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˵洫ôԣȴǸɷǵߣɫ΢һ˲ȴսȻѩ㣬ƽ洫𣬸߽Ԫѣѩ㣬ңһ꣬һὫ½ڽ£
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ѩŲһ٣תͷһһЦСӣҳΪĵ£ҲҪﵽ
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ļգɽϣƽ
ѩչع̸ոͻƵΪǱչͻ๫ȴղӰɽϣһʱֻһˣ
⼸գ󲿷ʱ䶼гֲ԰ԴԴϵṩֲ컯ĵҩ븹УΪܿͻƵԪ죡
Ԫ齣ϵѾﵽ֮
ֻǡûֻؼĻ壬ҲŽ׶Σ
ܿ죬ǵգҲѩϵһ죡
գ帡壬Ǵ֮ԵĴ͹㳡ϣۼǧˣЩǸڵӡ
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Ƥ˼û룬Ҳƨƨ߸ѩ棬˼״Ҳû˵ʲôֻѣ
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64 ֮ʼ
ˮڶһɫѩڵλҲ֪ؾвҪʮöֻöһִһУһöȴһؾֻµʿſԽ룡
飬Щ˶Ϊ˶žۼһ𰡣ԣ˵ͼᡣ
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ˮ˼Ȼɽó峤΢΢Цӿڵ
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ѾΪкãˮ΢΢һЦ˷Դ
ҿһȫӰ״۽ֱ飬д
ô˷ѣѩһЦһһԵԪʿǻһλģ
˵ˮùָЦͽԪؾܱס
ˮ̷֪ͽܣƻѹƵס𣿡ЦȴͻȻ廰һ״
ͲˣˮһЦмһӣˣλûиѡƼһ£
һ䣬֮ϣ˸ϵƼ
ͽԪ죬Ǻʺϣ
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ҵãҷ峤ϵͽܸʺϵѡһֱû˵̷ִһˣԵֻԪΪǣȴΪԵıǰ;λΪΣ
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飡

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΢΢ۣɫʾѩ
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һңѩɫ䣬䶯Σԡ
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һȫţ
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һ·ϣѩһֱ˶ԷĶҲûλʦ㽻ʲô¿ɼˣ
ʲôѩһɻòƴȵգգۡ
ѩ㣬ͲҪЦˣʦĸβãĵΪʵǿջЦĵ
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̰Ԫһֲǲ֪ʦҸûҲֻǵؽƷʼˡ
İɣʦ˵иߵͣȴһҪʹʲôˣѩĺһЦСʦܣŶ
ѩһУԺʦĵ΢Цһ˫˵Ĵ۾عǰͲˣ
ûϢݺݵһѺѩĵطֲԽ¶Цλ󲿷ʱ棬żżżİٱʦ㣬ȫûеֿ֮

һչת۱
ڶգʱ¹㳡һ޴̨̨ͨʯдѹӲ
˿̣㳡Ѿˣ
λ洫Ӿ飬һʱ䣬Ѿڴ
ִ˲֪˲ȻΪĹϵΪȽϵͣǣ洫֮УȴǰéģһϵǰԵ
һˣҲΪ³׳ˣȻȴԲ֪ߵغͷ
ոţ壬Ԫ죬һǿǿӣοʱѾ쵽ˣû


65 ն
ѩʦܣʲôµ˰ɣ̨ϣһƯ¶ЦݣһԵѩ
ˣϴһ֮Ե꣬˵ĵ½˴˿Ȼһ΢Цеĳ֮ɫȴ¶
ߣǲ𣿡ѩĿ䣬һȺмӰǲɹһ˿΢Ц
ŶЩ½оһһ
డʵͦ磬ֻҶʶ̫̫˺һ򣬲ż̨ǰ
˿̨̣ϣһĿ꾲俴̨ˣ峤ϵͽܣ洫Ӹ
㣬Ҫһ´
Ŷңиɣ̧ͷ˿ͷգֿһԶ̨ϵˣִ峤ϣȻҲڣѩж
ǣһɵģʱһȵۣʱ仹ü
ѽϻˣʱ䵽ˣϽʼɣչӵʱ䱦أ˰֣ȴǳһѻɫĳ𽣣
ϰǻϵ鼼𽣱Ƚ˳֣ңֳϣɱٱ¶Ϊһ˭ϳɱĲ鷳ʹˣ
Ҳģ͸¶ǱҪɱΪԴˣ෬ѯʣֻԼҴоɱ²ʲôö
һʣ׹˸
Ԫ죬ϵŪɫأҵıԪа䱸
˺ܿսһ
䣡䣡䡭
һʱ䣬ҵĻϵԪԵϵԪ໥ײ֯Ȼ֮

û뵽ʦܻЩֶΣ̨ϣ½ž̨޵
ߣѩһɫȴء
ʦܣֲ˶ˣ½ϾĹۿȶеԡ

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ؽ׾Ʒ鼼նһնն
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ףƺǿıԪ齣һԪƺҲǱԪ½ɫһ૵
ѩҲͫһԪнȻʶǵ׷ɱĿĿұ죡
û뵽ȴʦܵõڼµʱ˾磡
ִһȺУһ꿴̨ϵɫѿˣȻǵʮɽ׷ɱ꣡
̨ϣ峤ȴ¶Ц֮ɫɫȻ


ֻϣһ𣬻Ԫһݺ£
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նڶնУ
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ȸոһնҪǿɣÿֲĽĨһǵѪн䱸

նǵؽ׾Ʒ鼼һնһն׺ݣǸĳʦܣҲȻӲնն½Ƴһѩлۡ
ߣǵؽ׾Ʒ鼼ϧ𣿡ѩбһ½һɫȴأţÿÿСӣͣ
ΪĲأͽԪнԪ£òΪʦܻŤתǬɣ½ԣȴЩڽ


ϣѣƴʢȫ׹˸
ܳ˷ħˣҪŶа
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ֻ׹򳤽ۼ˲һ޴׹һޱȣ
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дƵĺ
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ߣԴˣѩһɫ𶯣Ȼ˽ĳҲС
㳡һǣһɫѿн֮Ҫ⣬Сѣؽ׾ƷĽӦ֮ﰡû뵽๦СӵĹô࣡뵽ɱһ
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ô˵һţ
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˿ƽɫʵ·磬˿̣Ʋᣡ
һ㣬ЩĿ˶ܿ
̨ϣ峤ǹһ˿΢Ц
ѩǡ
һԵ½ɫһ΢΢Ц


66 ׷Ԫװ
ʦܣȻЩʱһ䣬ٺһЦ֪ʦܵԪʣ٣
ʦֲõģãһЦսⲻ
ߣѼӲһɫȻ䣬ʦ־Ͳˣ
ֻЦһһǬȴǳһ׹˸ķֽ
ŷֽϢɫ䣬öҪö࣡
׷̨ϣѩɫ䣬ŤͷԶЦ峤ϣȵ峤ϣʲô˼
̨ϣʹ׷𣡡峤ϹЦһ⣬ô֮ˣ䲻𣿡
ɣѩҧгݣת׿̨ϣһɱϢȶ
ôѩƻ̨ĹزɣһԵ½ܵѩϢɫ΢䣬
ѩƳһ̨ȴɫ΢ƽϢת׿½Ȼ½ʦܣʹţһ첻ֻǸ洫ӣųϣѩе𣡡
㡭½ԣͫһһͣһ˲ȴɫ䣬תͷ̨ϣ
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峤ɫѿ
ߣѩһ̣Цһոյĳ½û峤ȴǿķ
׷ոշһ׵磬ǰһ޴Ļɫܣס׵һͬʱƺӳ˼ѻɫĵ裬ǣըˣ
Ҳգ
̨ϣĨ˰亹ҪǼʱܣ˿̿¾ͱ罹ˣǵ׵ǽǿˣ
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˫ĿŹ⣬򱻱ըֵĸⱬըĻɫ裬ıըƣֲĽֲƷ״ﵽĽף컯ЩĽױըͳͳǾƷ鵤
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Ψһõĳֵġһȴϵ˻˿Խһ㣬ûԹ
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ڲֹˣۿɼģϣ׹ԽԽ٣
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̨ϣ峤Ͽȥˣһȣһ׵Ʒ̨ϵ
ǡɫ䣬׵̫ˣңȥ׷ϵһģһ
׵Ҫ̨ʱǰȻһѩһ˱ΣͨͨѩֻһѩĺüƺһɼϢӿ
䣡
һ׵ѩͬʱɢǰģһӰ
ѩ㣡һ
ű𣬺ÿٶȣֻһ峤Ѿѩ档
峤ϵԪװԻȭѩҲ̣ѩ峤ϵٶȣͫ΢ʣжѩ֣
ˣϾͽѵѵ峤ϼѩɫ΢䣬ϣҵ׹˸ݣ
ʤѷ֣ɢ˰ɣ
ʱһϵڹ㳡Ͽ𣬴һɲɵƣ
ǣƽˣ峤ԣɫ䣬Ǻ޺޿һѩϲϢƽŸץȥ
лƽˣѩ˿һ
лƽˣѧһ˵ƽڸ߲չԲ飡
߰ɣѩһץƿնȥ
ԭأһڼĵӣ
ȻӮˣ
̫˼ˣԪսʤԪ죬һǸʦţ
һŵӰַȻǺǣǣ۹ģ
ߣ̨ϣ½һɫѿȥ
㳡һߣ½ȥɫ΢ȴǸȥ


67 ҽ
壬Ķ֮С
ʦ㣬ʲôһŻƵķֽɻ
׷ѩӡģƷףϢһΣ
ҵĸԹԣҿܣԣң۷ŹĽ׷һεͽĹ
νǶ鼼ĳν֮⣬׷Ҳɽαͨν٣Ǳʲ䣬ʿشã
׷óǬһཫȫ
٣ϸϸȷʵ٣ʯֲ٣ֻǣۣ
ף
Ȼ䣬۹һһףʯڳһƤ顣
Ԫװ塤ƪƤϵ壬૵
幦ѩƳһƤ飬峤ϵĿŹԪ׾һ֣ⲿǷ˫֮Ʒ׸Ǵﵽ׾ƷֻϧڴвȫԪ׾ȱʧһ֣ⲿƪԪ巨֮ԪװɣͿġԪװ塷
ôţƣԣƤ飬ϧϵ޷ϰϽȻϵ⣬ϽõġԪ׾ǿ׾ƷǷ˫ޣ
ҲСˣѩһԪװûңؼʱǿ˹壬Ԫľǹ巴ɣҲȥ
飬ǻǱըεİԣаһֱΪıըԷըأ
ˣ̨ӵĵʲôѩɫһȴ˱ը
ŶԣǬȡһöը
Ʒ鵤ѩ鵤һȦĹΣһ׷ʵʦܣ鵤ĵõģ
ѩЩˣǼǵãھ̨ϣǰλʦܣӳϰٿţϰٿŵľƷ鵤Цɣ
ԼƵ鵤ΪըԪƣϢ֮ڱըǿ൱ڵͽԪĹԣƲƲ죬
ⱬըȻƷȥˣȴûĴ󣬱ϾűըĻ棬ֻͨ棬ɱ㣡ΪԽԽⱬը㣡
ⳬƷ鵤Ƶģѩһ
ǰʦҪĻҪж٣ѩı֣һ⣬ظ֤
Դսʤ֮λʦ㣬ҲʽʦݣССӵĽˣԴˣгɾ͸еģ
ʱѩȴǿ⣬üͷ΢塣
ôˣŤͷȥȴɫ΢
͸ڣԿԶһŮһԵĳ꣬һĶ
Ůڣ³꣬һڵأԲ
ŶǸˣѩѩ龰Ͼ뵽ʢǸš
ڣִĵӺлɷ޲ߵϢżִ֪ӸһλܹƳƷ鵤ʦƺʲôӣ⼸ϢȫޣλʦֻǸðƻΪ˳ˮƷѾˣҲд˵Ϊ˾ˣ֮ززˣ
ѩ´벻廹һʦ
ǺǣԣףһЦ
ˣܾ𣿡ѩһ۶⣬ϵĻʱͺܶ࣬ΧĲľȼɻҽϢȴǿʢܶ࣬ң
ڵϵŮӣǳˮ洫ΣһԻԵĳȻɵĺִĵӺ
ھʡ壡̾ȴǰĽʰǡ·ϣһ˼ϧûУ̸ʣ
ʣѩһɣƺѵ̫˰ɣ
ǰ̾˿˵Ǻãǣ̫磬ȴҪĽ࣡ʱ˾ͻʢ˥ʱһΪȼգΪȼ֮󣬱ȼֱΪҽ
˵Ҳûа취ѩһ
û˵ԺУȴͻȻĬƬ̣Ҳûлᣡ
˵꣬򶴿ڶȥͫȴǾֱ
ѩɫһ
ղ˵Ļ㶼˰ɣǰصΣڵ
ˣˣˡԣҲֻͷߵأ죬ͷһƬף
ߵͷҾͲˣ濴һΣֻŮһƬڣﶼƤϣһ⽹ζݿ
յĺۼȻԪ壬ǣ𣬼Ǻй¶ҲǵͽԪܹģοִ嵽壬һ·ɲ̣
ԣһ̧ͷһϣɳƣӦˣ
ߣ˿ԣǣǿϣһһ۹صΣֵϼһûа취ˣ
ϼһҲʵ飬ȻܹҲǼϼһĬģ
ԣͷ­ʦҲ˺ʦʾѣǣΪʱȻ췦ԡ
ŽҽǰɣٺһЦ
ǡǡ⡭αţһʱҡ
ߣ֪һƲЦһ㺫ʦֻҪϻۣķΪǿѹȥģ
ԣһͫһ˿Թ֮ɫ
״ɫһ˿Цݣҿԣǣ֤ܾܲȻʣҲͷˣɿˣȻǲȣ
ȣȻȣδͷһϣ
Ǻãȥɣң֮Ӧûн˰֣һۺŰŤͷѩѩ㣬æŪȥ
лʦܣο𽥹رյĶʯţһ񣬳Ƭ̣ȴɽȥ


68 С컹뷨
֮ڡ
ʱˣȡһƿϵѪҺźϢһ䣬תͷѩʵѩ㣬ʱסѪ˼𣿡
ԣǣʱѩ˵ţָȴһָںؿڣۿɼģӣѸٽֱһ㱡ıѩ𶼱ˣ
״ͫ΢𶼱˲䶳ᣬɲһıԪܹ쵽ģ뵽λʦͻʱԲ²⣬ѩ㣬Ǹʾһֱ̬Ĺ
ʱһᣬȥһ䣬Ҵȥҡ
鵤ΪĽ鵤
ԺľѪΪԴģЩģĽֲֲ԰ﶼУ
ԵãȻ̫ߣϾֻĽ鵤ǣɺڸովѵһȴ㹻ˣ
кѪеһΪһרԺĴʯٸֶΣܹɺڵ
ǸոģֻҪڵȫͻγһĻ֣Ϊã
Сʱ֮󣬽Ҵ򿪣һˮ߳
ѩ㣬ϿⶳԣһȻ
ãѩָһ㣬ֻϣǱı˪˲ʧƤҲٻָ𪣬һ˲Ȼ죬ȫʢ
⣡ѩɫ΢䣬αȸոջҪͣȥ⺫ֲ˰ӣ
ϣɫǺѪ֮ѹƲ÷ԽѹԽףҪǳˮúˮѹƣҲôΣ
һǬȡһľУѸٴ򿪣ֻ棬һö̲һϸľ棬һľ̴
ǧľƣոŪģǧľĽֲаǲɶõı㹻ԵľܹľǱΪľ
ȻǧľɲΪаľľľлܹڵ
áʯšԪḮ̫ҡ࡭ء
ֻһ֮ͫڣ֣ƴССľ뺫Ѩһ߲룬лĬѨϵ֣
ѩһԿĿѣԣ֣ʦܣƺһֱַ浽ۣ
ϵѨȻͬϸ΢ȴ죡
ʱѨ϶ҪѴ򣬸οǱ˵ģ
ǣʦܣɣÿһ룬׼ޱȣϸɴ࣬˿ԥҪ֪ոȥģвѨвأ⺫ûȱˣ

Ƭ̹ϣһľ󲿷ֶظλãźݵһöľ룬ɷнµĵ˵ͷ
С컹뷨ڣҲǵһʩչҲǿɣ
Ҫһ
ԪƣһľضƵʲ
ףѩһֱʩ룬˿̣ȴǷ֣ϣǱҲ֮˿̣ȴͬ򴨹úйɣϸϸܣͻ֣ᷢЩӿһöݵľ룡
ˣ۹۲죬ɫ΢ȴóһƿ͸͸赣ԼɼŵСİ͸ҩ
Ѹ٣һţֻⵤҩǰ͸ģƺһ˿Ѫ˿鵤ͷһȦ΢ĹΣ
ǳƷ鵤ѩɫ𶯣ֿ˿ƿ鵤
Ʒ鵤һһ¯һöǲƷʵ鵤ģѵʦܣոСʱ¯ʲôٶȣ
ʵѩ֪ոСʱ¯ÿһöƷ鵤Ҫ֪ͳ׳ˣ
˵ٶȣһȻ컯һ棬ȴǸ֣ÿÿ룬֮ܳЧʶǳɱǣ
ѩɫ𶯣ȴ˲ϵɪֻԪںظ֮ϣ
ǧľ룬󲿷ֶںظ֮ϣ˿̣Ѿ΢΢죬Ѿʼǧľۼвֿʼ⣡
ʼˣ
ͷðֻһ˿˿𣬻һߣлۣ
̣˽һӣ˿̣ǧľѾ̱ɻҽѾûһƬ
죡ѩ㣬ұ鵤һ˿ɫһ䣬о鵤ڵбļȻס
ѩɫ΢һָңң֮ϣؿˣֻһѩģԪǿʼѵ鵤˲䱻⣡
գ𣬳Ʒ鵤Ҳ㱬ƣĨ˰ѶͷϸһϲĽ鵤װǬ
ƺûãѩһۺü˵ϢȻٱǣϢҲƽȺܶ࣬ŰȻ˳ܶ࣬ǣУ


69 
ô죬ҪңǲˣܲˣٺһЦ˳գλʦ֣ɻָˣԣҪѩסգԷһ
ѩԣһֱӱⶴϥȴ֮У
ţĴָϧҪⶴСһͺˣ
գöͳͳɻ֮ɫתͺڶ֮ηţ
һѪ֮еɣɣҪϢ̵ʱ䣡
֮һݵףʵ⣡
죬ȻȻԣһŲ֪ǣ֮ǰһڷ޲ߣ̵ʱǼǵõģ־¶ɹǣ
ȲҪлңʾѣԼҲ֪ˣ˰֣֮ǰʦ˵κãʣҲǷˣϣ㲻Ҫ
ҹʦܣҡҡͷ̹
ǾͺãҲǾԣͻƵҲоϲˣҪллԱλɣҪɽҲٺһЦһۺڸյŮӣаĽ
ʦ˴ң򸴺󣡡ԣһ㲵Σϧ
ʦ֣ԣһЦһ죬ͷ˿ôҲβȥЦݣȴҸ
óɱĿδԧ첻ɡԶˣи̾
û뵽㻹黳ѩԣԶĲһ뾪档
ٺ٣ѩ㣬ûֵĶأҪҪ˽һ£ԣһɪѩǱظתһȦ˫ĿŹ⣡
ãǸոտǴѩԣҡҡͷԸֿ̣һԶˣϧϧһʣɾ
ٺ٣ʦ㿴ٺһЦȣѵһСС֣
ѩԣ˷ۣЩţСӻĻܶ࣬ȻܹѪ֮е֮
ѩ㣬㲻ΪһССԪʿܹɣһЦ
ʲô˼
ٺ٣ֻǽʦǰѵ˳Ļ֣ȴǺѪһģһѩһ࣬ĽЩʣسʦֻҪﵽл壬ңһľ飬´ξѵʱҪ˳Ķ࣡
ô˵ƣ㣬аһѩ̾ѡ
ٺ٣ҲȫǣϾȡѪ֮ʦֿ»ټ꣡ٺһЦеﻹڰϧǧľ
ƣķľٶһǧľģˣûˣȻҲͻˣųһǧľӵأ
Ȼһиջʲôˣ
𣬲ܹ幦ңġԪҪã
һֱȼߣãдҩٶҲ鼼ϵ
ԪȻͬٶȻ鼼кܴĹϵġԪֻǵؽƷ׵ġԪ齣Ҳãؽ׾Ʒ鼼˽ΪûԪ߶޷
ǣֻҪġԪٿһƷףҲǵؽƷʱȻ
ѩرնһϢ֮ȴ˳ֲ԰֮У
һ
ͯӵϢĳ֡
ķô᣿ɫܶһɻ
һΣǸƺ«ǴԺ󣬵ǣЩɻģɻǣһ飬ôᡶС컹뷨
Ҳ֪϶ƺЩǵڶ֮üͷް˼ڤ״ˡ
ڶͫ׽ⳬֲ԰ѵмɣ
ɫСʵֲ԰мںδ
ǵǰ׺δûУӦǻûлָ
Σò֣ԣи̡
ȴڼֻԼǵãһᰮڶó֮᪻ѪԣոմġС컹뷨ǵڶ֮ƺȫø࣬óֲ԰
𣡡һ̯ƤУƤ飬ȡһϣ12%һۣ
һӣͶ˲٣һʯͶ˳ֲ԰Уȣȴǲ⣡
ʯѾˣҪѰ֮аȴһֱɻ󣬵һֱ˵ˣЩɣ
ƺֲ԰ûΪ㣬ǰҲûеõҡҡͷ
β֪ʢǹϵ֮·Ĵ£
֪˫һ̯شɴ࣡
ǳֲ԰飬Ҳ֪ɴ˫ۣһɡ
ҲŸովѣ֪ô࣡˷ۣ㣬֪Լжë𣿡
졣ǣǣΪھ֪ҲͽնѣԺԺ˵ɣ˼аһȴǳ˳ֲ԰


70 
ҡ
óö
鵤䱻⣬ƺѩƣԪѩģıѸܽ⣡
ʱöʼ΢΢𶯣һɹɻȵϢƲסļƬ̣˵ͱʱͻɢʱһıȻɿգ
ɫ΢䣬гűɫĹʵʵһ֣һɱ֮ɢʵΧȻ˪ļȰ
ǱľӵĹʵľĽֲһѩɽ֮۷ֵģֲڼ֮زҲҺóֲ԰ֲܹӦκλֲȻ⣬ֲ
һɼ֮֮Ũ˴棬ʿȴҪһ߻ᶳ˃ȸ
Ȼǵĳ֮
ֻһڽöУ˲һöҲ紩Ԫӿȴӡһͷγɣ֮Уһ֮öݵ
ǻһġ鷨⹦ܹ
ֻһϸ߰ɫߴöںϳһƴߣ֮У
öڿڣӣɫ΢䣬壬һɳĻʼҺñ֮ɢסһֻˡ鷨һ
磬ö֮еԴԴϵĻ֮Уƺĳƽ⣬ѵ˿ȴǾ״СĿơ鷨ȣŻٶȣʼ֮·
һա
գһ壬鷨ĿӼ
ֻĿλãһĻ滺ȼգӣ㰲֮У
תһɹ֮ǿǿȣһ֣ҲҲúڤҲյĿ̣֮գܹ֮壡
⣬ıԪҲڱͬͬıԪ֮ʵȣӣһԪȫͬͲܽбԪˣԪ
ڴͬʱͬԪֲϲ䲢׳ģϢγһѭ
ղϵԪʣ޼ȻҲкôԪˣͬԪٶȴ
ĿŻȫѨӿڣתͳͳɳ֮аϲ
ԪѾ׸ͷ棬ԤϣƷֱԽ˵ؽƷﵽƷƷף
ͽСͽС𽣡ૣɱĶӣյˮδԪҲǰ󱳣
ֲܵ԰һԳһѸɫܵ棬鵤ѸٲڵԪ
պ󣬶֮Уüͷ
񣬱ԪѾɱ䣬ǣΪȴԪ쵽֮䣬粽ý
˵һеԣڵԣи鵤Ҳǵؽ׳ƷǣΪȴϲȥһе⣬ƺϡĻ
֣Ԫ֮󣬻ƺƿ鵤Ҳܱն⣬˷ˣ
ڳɵЧȻȲ๫ԤϵĻ
ֻרˣΪ£ҪѰԵƷа˼
ȴ֪ʮչѾڸڳ״￪
洫ӣִ峤ϵĵӺǸһڷ޲ߣˮҡͷ̾Ϣƣһŵ洫κˣ
洫ӣַĵڶӣǸУܹƳƷ鵤ʦ
ഫ֮ʱˮ֮Աǣ֮⣬º󣬳ˮ෽ʩȴ޼£һߵĺˮͽԱ壬ధؿûмƽϴǰ֮£Ȼ֣Ȼҩգ㽫ĺү˻ˮ
£ڵ֮贫֮Ҳţһʱ䣬ˮ澡ʧǧ֮£ķһԪĵΪڶеż뿬ģ
һʱ䣬ַǷ֢˵ĵӷ׷ǰҽ֢ϧչزһҲ޷ֻÿȴ
ⲻոտʯţ㱻ǰľ󾪴ˣ
ֻĶ֮ǰһƬͷܶ
ʦֳˣʯſһȣ˷׷׿򶴸ʱȺ鼤׷лʦ֮Ļ
Ҳʲôһתͷܣ
һ֮УȻϢһǣԹƣ߽Ԫʿкüڣĸͣͷ
ʲô֮ϣ˸Ѱ£徹Ȼûˣп̾ܵĸˣ


71 
˼أǰһŮӾŻұӵϷʡ
ѩ㣬ã֮ϣôⴳ룡ŮӣһȴԭһͷӣȴѩĶ
ʦܣǿɶģѩһЦ
ҵģһã
䳤ϣ
䳤ϣ

ȴʱ׷һͣ׷
֮ϣ˴СУƻ徻ͬºͣ˿̣ѩȴǰȴ
䳤֣ҵΪʦֶֻʦһֱչأճأҵȣתͷߣҵһʱŻʧ˹ͣȺ׷׸ͣ
ңν£һ΢΢ЩΣƤת۹򣬱һʵ
ʦ֮᪻ʦҵϣһЩ֢ԣʦָһƣ˺ܿС
֢ȥЩ˸Ѫʢʲô֢ģ£ָָǰһˣҹ
лʦָ֣֮ϴϲƨƨܽǰ
ɷнµ˼ҵţĿãŵк֢״
ɻ֮£ǰϢԲǸԪʿװǸŵӣǣ֢ǰҲƲ
ʵҲͻһסС컹뷨֮᪻Ļᰡ
ʦ֣ظˮѨÿ磬дʹУ֪֮Ǻԭ򣡡ŵӿһϣ
ˮѨɫ΢ʱҪͨȫʮ磬Щ֮ϣֲʮ崦ѨЩѨΪѨ֮⣬廹澭ЩϷֲѨΪѨѨԶԶѨ
һЩ鼼ҪͨضѨģˮѨˮҪõǣˮѨʹƺɣ²Ӧ
뵽ɫһڣ˲ӣǵķϣҸʲô
ŵԣɫһ࣬ЩŵӣûʦУձչйҵȣǴϣҲֻǴڹѣ
ԣ׷׸͡
ߣǸԷϵ洫ӣΪŵӣʣ۰Ͱֲɣɫڣôϵ⣬Ҳ˵ܲܽ⹤Ҳˣȥ޲ˣ
ʦ֪Щ洫۸綥ΪŵҲܾȻ⣬ԡŵӡԣǱˣ䡣
˵ʦլʺ񣬻ʦִŵӹ°ݣһӰף
˭˵ģլʺ񣿡дȴǲɫǰ˲ٰ㲻û᷸ŭѩܣԺһ˵ʱ˵ͱ˰ӣ
Ⱥǿ֢һǲ
ʦҲǣֻǣҲֻԪѣ˻ԣ⣬ҵأۼӲĲУװӣ
⡭ԣһʱ
ҲǴʱ壬Ҳһ˿˼ƺҲֻԪΪܽⰡ
ʦ֣ʦ֣
˳֮ʱȺ֮Զһ
ѭȥֻһһλԵﱼԶԶȥǻĿֻ࣬ǻ˫յģıһһҲⲻͣѪ
ףⲻǳˮķֵôˣϳˣ¾ɵ
ˮʦֵ״ӣôܵ
϶ǳˮҲ޷ˣ

˵УѾܵǰ
ʦֵ֣һ꣬ͷݣ
ŷ֣ͷݺ͵ŵˣļһģһ˵ϢǸ߽Ԫֻͫףȴڳˣ֮ɫ
˶ѾˣʲôһֱԹ۵ѩüͷ΢壬Щˮ崦Ϊ壬Գˮˣûʲôɫ
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ˣˣ
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72 
ûȻأʲôһͷ麹ȵ⡰ȥˮոաȥãһȻڵԪ㿪ʼųԪƽޱȣ
ԣ죬ʩΪ
ģΪǿаտʼʱԪڣھѣǴ˿̣Ԫ嶼ѣ̸
ѶϣֻǼǱǣǱһ꣬ʱѾȣ
ѵҪ𣿡аĻûʲô⣬ǣŸոƲ㣬ʱСĽ˸ˣǾ͸ˣ
ѩ㣬ܽھ𣿡ɫһתͷһԵѩ
⡭ҵıѩ̫ʢ˳ܲסѩҡҡͷ
˭ԣ޸ֻҪɣȺȴˮľԪˣѩеıѩһʱҲûΪϣϢ˥ˣ
ҡҿԣһԣ꼱е
㣿һɣ֮У˷ǻԵģԪˮԪʿڽⲻ
ԣѩͻȻ
ã㣡룬ƣԣɫһҲûʣߴٵ
úã˫ֲʹԪעڡ
˵Ҳ֣ˮԪӦͬˮһӦûͻǣǣʽȻ෴Ԫȴͬ˴ˣˣμ
˲Ͼ棬ƽ룬ĻԪ
ǸĻѾ٣Ƭ̹Ҳһ󺹣
ʱһֱ񾭽Ȼһɣеˣֹͣ룡
ԣҲ˿ʱϢˣϢƽȣ
ǣ⻹ûнȫľȻѾɣǣûϣڣֻǻԪŶѴһһԪľ΢
˿һǬȴȡһƿһ鵤
Ʒ鵤ϳ鵤ϵһȦΣ
ʲôƷ鵤
ιඥȻǳƷ鵤
ʦ־Ȼó˳Ʒ鵤
ע⿴һѳƷ鵤
⡭̫ˣ

ɹ˲˵ľ̾˿̣ʱ˵ϢƽȣʵʱȵףΪ˵ƣ̫ˣ
ոģ൱ڽƴӺˣ˳㼤Ǳ
ȻһҪе鵤
鵤ʵͨЧѪǴ֮ƷҲĽ׶ѣǣһ˿֮еԪܣ鵤˲̥ǣܹԪܣƷףԼҲ֪ˣ
ϧһ鵤ȫУգԪҪж٣컯ÿǳƷ鵤ȻںǱ˾Ͳͬˣ
һѳƷ鵤ι£ȺУĭһѳƷ鵤ʮţǺôݳ޵Ϊ
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Ƭֻ֮ɵصˣһ³˫ĿȻͫףǻ֮ɫ
⡭ѩɫ䣬Ƭ̹Դƾô˴룬
ˣˣ˾ѣֱţ
ˣˣء鼤һʱСУ
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ٽߺ꣬һмͷݣʦ־ƺյвǲ౨
֮ͣ˰֣һһʦζ
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Ļƣڸڣһǳˮ⣡ڳˮûаøУ⣬г죡
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һܹóһѳƷ鵤ĴڣĴڴӦܲϲ
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˷׷ȥԭأֻѩ꣬ŶͿˣ˸£Եǣʲô𣿡
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˶Ԫ죡ΪôᱻˣոǷˮûаƺ˴ľüͷ΢壬ڵ
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ڣԪѸתԪλõһͣ룬ʱȼգͳһƬˣķ
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Ļ֣رķԪҪҵĳȼգǿԴԪΪ
һֺܺԪһ˸治Ҫ֪ЩԪȻֻĽ鵤н鵤͵һ֣ǣǳƷƷʣ
ÿƿٿţһҲ֪˶٣ɲһҲҿʱʱ׼ÿ֮ǰƴԪ
鵤븹λãȼյĸˣ֮鲼ȫͣƤ⾭ĤѪҺ
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򲻸ˣԪ¶ǣ𣬳ƤȻð˿˿棬һ˲ȫǳ
壬ǡС֮


74 븡
ֻǻǳ壬֮ȫ𣬽ʱɾʡ壡
һһԶǰŤȻ¶̫ߵԵʣ
ԹԸ¡⣬̫ˣֱģȫɫƤָվ֣еϲ֮ɫȴôҲβȥ
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ֻʯϣһɫСһӣŵɪƲһñ̫壬ǲŽţ٣
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ֱ򶴸֮ȥڶţζȥѩһϵɣɫСʱѩҪˣ
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ʲôһ棬ֽⶴǰ棬ɴûгֹ⣡
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һ˲ոʢļЦȴǽסˣֻһͫ׽ϵɱƲסԪ쭶ΧľȻΪģ˷㵹ýģѸٿݻȼգ
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75 ħۣ
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ӣһŻĻ꣡
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һͷˣа˿⣬ȫȫ䱸Ϊ۸͸ͷħΪаϢǵأԨ
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޴Ȼγһۿɼĳĵʺ


76 ľ
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Ĵڶϣ⸡УôǿĴڣħ壬ǰͱϳ½
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峤ϴ˿̵飬⣡ͽܸϴθ巴ɣڻ֮УԵ˴εľˣǶȴ֣뵽峤ϿѩһʱԹޱȣ
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85 ǿ塪ˮ
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ˮǡˮǿ壬һ븹УԻᱻĥĩ֮ϣ΢΢һЦԵʤѷ֣
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88 
ҽϲС۸˵ԵЩ˷ܣԵЩ߰ʦ֣
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Բɤ𣬳ڳʣֻʮɫĽдǽĳкХ֮ѿأϯ
α֮ͨٵɫУʲһССȱ۴֮龰û˿
ʱûôˡͫ׽ֻʮ֮Ƥʹƺвɴ󾪣ȫһľУٲ
ֻһ𣬳Ļȫ塣
Ųһţιҡڣ䷽򣬾ϯʮɫгȥ


91 ˱
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ˮַҲɫϬ˼ˣȻȻӭϣɡ
׼˰ɡַϷӿȴ׼־ˡȻĵӣǣ֮ϣȴĵУߣʹҲý
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⡶Ȼܹ
ͷתҲᣬѩԣȴɫһС÷뺣Ƽٻָ鵤ϣмƿûó
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ʵܶˣֻѩУů磬һ᲻
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93 
ɫӹƤֽƤֽǶƱ棬доͶעϸͽңп󺺵Ԫӡǡ
ӡǣ֤αı־ҲǷֹٵֶΡдӡǣ˲ɸĶƱӲΪ֮ͻƻӡǣƱϡ
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94 
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Ů˵꣬۾ֱԶΣٴૣѽôأ̶ֳȵսϲĻǲ׼ģңϲĻʦϣǲѽҪʦи̣ѽѻѻ졭
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״ȻһЦϳԣ


100 ɹٲ
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ǺǣΪʦ֣һû˵أҫȻǲеģǣҫأ
Ҫҫˣ½΢΢һ㶣ʵ
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106 粽
˺ܶ෽ýҫֳҫľǣһɹҫˣɵƲֱǸߣ
ˣˣǬ˸Ҿʦ֣ʦܸǣ
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ΣʯŹرա
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ߣ½ȴɫһ䣬κһؿڣƯϣһ˿ΡƸոȶһԪƺиļ
½ɱʢҧгݡ
һߣض壬ѩĶȥȥġ
ڰɽλãȴߡ
ߣһ׷ǺӣһˣͳԤˣֻ뷢ףһӲ磬ŨüĿȴǻ֮ʱִ֣׳ϣ¶΢Цһ壬ôҲոʶ
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岻ӣԣҲ塣
һվǰʱѵӣܵסץߣ־ס棬š
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ǲ֮ߣڹģġ

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ԾˣŴԣһ֮УִŹһʱ䣬붨֮У
˵ĲֺͷɫһŤͷĿԶɫ̾
ַҵȽģ˵ÿжһ飬ϴ񣬵ǣƺûЧɡЩ졣
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ϵܣţ˵һȻ˵ˣͽһϸ硣Ӽ״˵ͷ
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һôʹӽɣҲˬͷĵǰһԡ
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ϴκ鶴֮䣬ڱչأߣҲ򻵴չȻûչأǺӣҲڵλϣΪͬڳϣֻ˵ԵʹȻ
˿ȴ΢΢ΪϸΪ˸Ŵ˴λ׵Ľ
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ȭͷСͨ죬ƺܻȼգ˱߶׷ΧڣγһȦǿҵԿ
۽粽ۣǴ֮ûʲô֮ܣٶȼ죬һٶȵңҽʡ
֮֮֮ѡһ
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ΣȻãǣҲе㼦ߡΪɱ
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粽ۣ֮ͨɫƷ
˱ԷԲɣᣬɴСʱͷβɣСʱһ֮
˵ǲۣˮϣҲɳ˷ɣ
ˣǰƴС粻ۣƳһξѪ
ѪʵֻǳҪһҪʶϴûзʶֻȵѪȡ
׳Ϻͺ΢΢һ㶣ѡ粽ۣ֮һǴ⡣
һͻ֮ѡһҶΪڻ̨ϣչ¶˳ĽΪ
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׳ϸո쭵գַɻˣ˵Ǳѹģ


107 
ͺӣ˿Ҳû鿴ЦΪ߿УǱͻȻ⻪ʢһ޴ɫУת
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ֻգײβĿǧɳһɿֲѹ͸ѹ
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ѩɽʱ׳ڱչأûм鷨̬˿̣ͺȴɫ΢䣬Ϊ˴С״ѩ鷨༸һģһ

һƳȻֻǾ޴쳤𶯣

ʱһͻֻǱӰ֮ϣͻȻһͨ׵ľ޴󣬺;޴նţһɿֱֲƹȥ

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һԣӺ׳ϱͻȻһǴ̼̫Щ߻ħ˰ɡ
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֮е壬֮еһ壬еĻ壬ħһĸߵħ壡
δ·ܿ˼кţͫľ⼸ۿ


108 ڽ顢
һģԻؼҡ
Уϥλãƹһ˿˿֮֫ٺǿٶȣɼ
ԽԽѡӿٶȣ̼˫ۣͫо˸૵
븲֮ѹգ״̬׼ڡ
˶رʯţֳգ̤âЬ𽣣һͨɫۣȥ
ͽҲ®һˡн̤֮ʱ๫ȴͻȻڶ
ʦɫһȴЩȡʦײβԴӵһΰʦһ棬δվȻĺ
ԥתɽĲ®ȥ
˵ʦȻΪϣǣ⴫֮ȴ·˷Ѱ
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ϣ֨ѽһһƼ
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ȴΨһϣֻ棬ļ¡
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۳ûˣǰȥһһ飬ȴ׳ó
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ⱦͲ˵ˣǳ뱦Կףպá
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ͬ볬ֲ԰ȴɨһӵĲ®
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ͬʱĳһ仺еͻȻŲһ٣쿴һĳ૵ˣҲԵ
䣬ֻߵֳӡеһ

һգͨڤڤ֮еϵ֮ϣɽĲ®ԪҲбߵķȻһѾٱѱԵȻһɣ
һ˲ֻЩ߷ͬٴ˲һƪľģ
飬˲ϴʹѵ̧ͷתľģ䣡
һƪǧ֣һһ߼䣬оʹ΢΢滺
Ƭ̹򣬾Ľȥ˫ۣͫһ
ƪģû֣ǳӽܹϴǿ֮


 


109 Ѫս
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ˣȻУҲûʲôĿĵأǵѩȥɽ֮ϣһֱ϶ȥ
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ʱڶĲҽĻ꣡
Щʸ̫ˣƺһɳ֮һĻãЩûҪģ϶һƶѪ磬ǲ֫ҷɣһƬɭ޵ĳ
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һǹƯ״һޣֻιһΣȻùɱһǹƺ侹ܵؼ׽

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ԪֻԿֲ֮ɴö֣
Ȼһ鲻ǣԴݳƣɲǰױģ
кܴĸǣҲûкôÿһα㱻һΣǿһ֣
񣬴֮нǧ
˿̣ȻѪȾ죬裬ͬѪЩʿżɣžã
սؼ׽
û뵽ʮȻ׸ʿ֮ϣշת飬ǿֲ׸
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԰ꡣ˲Ϊ⣬ǺһЦ֪ǵĻʵ۱£Ϊôųȥӡ


110 ս
ŶΪΣɫһ䣬ʵ
Ҳ벻ͨˣǸڵ洫ӣʵ۱¾ȻҪɱˣڸѾڣǣɱ洫ӣһϢ©ңӭ鷳
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Ŷк֮˵㼱ʵ
۹תԡѪսӰо΢ĵףʹαͨ˻Ѫ
ʲôԣҵĺ꣬ɫ֮о
ʲôףαͨ˱ɫǣ˻ѪҪ
һ壬ڰУһȺʵǿرеĻ壬Ѫ۹ôһȺиڳҲΣڵϦ
ӣܸκδۣңϢԲ©
һʱɱʢӣܹв۹Ĵڣ
پʿֻķѴġ˺ٺһЦ
Ŀ⣬ȴųݺصĺ̰֮꣬ɫһš
һ壬رеĻ壬ȻսǿǣѪʿҲвɿܵջǿѪȡ
Ϸ򡣡գе⡣
һ壬ڱ˵ʮǧң˴ɱϢѷգѮ֮ǰѱڣֻ
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֮ϣ֫׷ɣңѪɺӣҺһɭ޵ĳ
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ĵһ˲һ𣬶ʱ˷Ϯ˲ֽţ

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ˣȻнԪΪһʱֽűǰл֮У
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ϵʮ˲о˲䱻˻ȥرݶϵˣ׷׹ڵأ
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ѵǸ洫ӵս
ϣҲ΢΢һ㶣лڽоһ
ֻǳвܶô˽Ȼܽǲ˼飡
ؼ׽˿ͫ׽Ͻջ̤ȥز
һھʿ˿Ҳĵѣǿ彫۹һȻôһбʬˣһʱѣûһǰսģ
ƾһ֮پʿɱĵЦĿ⣬ȴת򳤽־ͷĸ¥ߺȵˣǸûѵϻɣЦүˣ
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м鲻мһʵʵļˣĸ˿⣬˲֫׳ֽ



111 
Ȼ˻壡˼״̰֮ɫʢ
ȴɫһ䣬Էе̰֮ɫۣοԷҲû˿ص˼
ں˻ѪѵΪѪһ׽ӣЩͷͷһţһ˲һȭ
ѹɲ״һȭѻɫĹ⻪䣡
رȭ
𵴣
Ȼαͨɫ䣬һ޻ӳʱдӳкХƺһз籩ϯת
ɫ䣬ΪסرȭȭУƬ̣㱻˺飡
ۡ
˲ͣˣϱи˿ڣѪĽ͵ڷǰȻһҲޣ
ҪǶԷûɱ⣬˿̣¾ͱзʬˣ
˵ôаɫһ
Թ־ܰɣգо΢Ȼܵ࣡
ʵȴǰ죬ԷȭȻ͸гޣ㴥ӵȭҹǳ
Ҫ֪ļˣӣֻǸԪСӣһȭȻ㺳ȻǸţ
үһȣһȭ𵴣
رȭ
𵴣
ۡ
ȭͷδȫұۣȻѿѪɣ˿ΪһȭȻˣ
˼״ɫһг޻һɫȻرȭ
䣡
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߿У޻Ȼƴرȭϣһԭأһ󶴣
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δˣ
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ǽһײɳأ쳤Хȴǻȥ¶⻪ĽɫƬһ˲ȴȻһ𣬻ĩ
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⽭Դ򣬶ᴩ򣬾ʮ䣬ˮΣ붫
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112 
ͷλãһŮӰȻ棬ƮƮˮӾνˮ
С㣬ѾΣһν˭ˮļС㻹Ȼݰɣ󣬲֪ʱһλߣ
ļˮѡŮӰ˰֣Լдһɾǿû˵꣬ȴ΢΢һ٣ˮȻһͣڽĳ
ֻԼԿһƯ沨
̧ۿȥɫ΢䣬ڵС㣬ʬ壡
ԡŮҡҡͷĿ¶ɻ֮ɫ⽭֮УˮпһʬƯˮ
·Ըߵϣ˽˴
˻
Ƭ֮󣬴ϣ̵ˣ޲һ
ֻģȴһ꣬˴صҸλãһֲ˿ڣԿƵعǺ߹ǣ΢΢Щ䶯඼ɼ˿ѾûѪˮݵķף
ˣȻ㱻նΣ
ˣϢ̽̽Ϣɾ˿ڶѪɫˣ˾Ȼţǿ
ˣһԣɫŮӶȻ
С㣬ˡɫ΢䣬Щǡ
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⡭ðɡ߼״˵ͷһ۴ϵ꣬أˣļʣ²

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Ǭóһҩƿƿǣһͷе鵤븹С
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ףôιˡһŮԾ档
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С㻹˵ˣһԪ޸ƣ̫أԪ޷䣬ܲѹ˭Ҳܱ֤
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С㻹˵ˣΪ˵㣬ôصˣܱܲסΪ˵

СŮ߶߶һιʳһԽԻСʱ
һֱţǣΪ֪¶һ΢ЦСŮ뵽һСѾͷͬĿа
ѽС˵ˣ̫ģˡĩˣСŮһ䣬ŵĳš
ΣˡСŮߺ껺
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һԺû֮󣬱˻֮УϾ̫ˣҸûлС
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ǣ֮ƮƮֱСŮеСȡ
ʵ֪ǣӺ⽭֮У޲٣֮һֱȻ
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ЩͷһţϥٴСָ֮С
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ʹˣǳصƣҲǡܹ޸ģֻǵסһˣСŮеС㡣
ҪǴ˽ӽˮ̳֮ʱһ˵Ԫľ֮ҲɢɾǣΪˮ޵֮ͣ
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֮ңһ޴˿Ȼˣǣû˼
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һ٣ǹȥ
Сݾţ沨ζ붨


113 
һҹ޻

飡
һƳļк͸ɴˤ峿
СУüͷ΢ǽյķţһŹ֡
һҹϥСѾߴŮ޽ʱ򣬿ıϥӰⷴӦδҲ̫˵ɡ
һ˲ɫһӦϢ첽һûΪСŮޣԪһƺЩĺһȴ
ģϢһΪͰ߽Ԫľ飬ˣпԪ죡
СѾ߿еС𡣡аѾ֨ѽһƿ
۵ģˣСŮѾ֮⣬һһ٣׹ģȴһλŮӣˮϣһǿʢˮϢ
ˣŮ߿һһ֮ϣ⾪֮ɫ
лС֮ȴվƳһ۶Ůʱô͵СŮǺһЦŮӹһ񣬿ʵ¼ֶ֪С㷼
ߣҼСķҲ֪𣡡Ů˵ǱηηСŮȴۣͬǰŮǰһС죬֮УǾ֮ɫ
񡣡ŮСŮͷ˵ţУȴһȥʱ߰꣬ûСŮѾЩͤͤˡ
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ʵҪȥʲôǣǱ޾Ŀĵأⶫǣ֣Ҳڶ֮˵ĺ֮Уδĵˣȥƣ
νĺǶϺĴ󺣣޾ڲ½Ľ֮ʵ޾֮У޾죬棬ҲиϹ壡
ŶǼֹӱ㰲Ĵڴϰɣչ򣬱ɽ붫ǡˮҪ˵ҡҡͷֹ˳ҵȾͲˡ
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СŮۺ޺޵һС죬һ޺޴Ϸš
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˫¥ϵˣ࣬λԱˮˡ
˫¥סڵײգǴסĵطôãȳʪӦǿгɣЩ⡣
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ǴϵλԱĻȡ
ʼʱ˶ҸкΪϢ˾ԪʿԶЩ̸ܹͨģǣദǷ֣λͨļֹӣ޼ӣʱǼݴһദƨò硣
ͨһƨ˽⵽ˮǶ֮Ůǰ˶֮һˮУ˴ΣƺǼʲô״ǰܼУǰˮڣˮ˻
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֪һΣҲͷԡ
ٺ٣Ƕ֪дԱٺֱЦ
Ŷ֪΢΢һ㶣ʵ
ٺ٣ҵȻ֪СѾͷ˼أٺ٣
˼ԣһʱûзӦ˵ôСŮ޾˼½Ȼ뺷
ٺ٣ȣֵܵˣ볣ϴϴӵģɶֵܰӣͱ˼СѾͷˣ
ܳԣʱ׵⽹ۣʲ죬
ΪӰգΪһʮСŮ޵˶ͷʹӿɲǱ̬ͯ񱣬ԺҪСѾͷƬԶԶģߣѩҪչСŮ޵
ţɫȴһȻŤͷǿĽ棬ֻǽ֮ϣƺڷ¥˶
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Сˣ
ооˣ
ڴԱˮ׷˿Ҳѡ
ɫпûмλԱɣΪˮеһĨ֮ɫۡ
⻢Ⱥֻͨޣ߲ͽԪѣˮе֮ɫȻЩ裡


114 
Ƭ̹ͷ裬׷ͣ¥֮⣬мɣ
ɫһȫſֻ⽭֮ףһһͷͻĺ漱꣬Ȯ¶⣬Ͽһͷ裬ǣƫƫһЩɲ
ǻһۿԿͷһͷ޴ĻӰ֡
ֲ԰弶ҲǴڣԿŨ򣬸ĿļԶңһܣǱǣ͸屾࣡
Ȼĵȼ߲ܳԪ
꣬ۿ͸ΪϢжϣǸ߽Ԫ
ֻڴﵽʱ򣬲пܻΪΣǣֻһв֮ǰ㻯Ϊεķһ
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ȽͣǣͲסߣҶԪձ֮һȥǻϣըһĿӣֱȸνһһϬǳ
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СĴ󣬴˿ݹȫ֣Ȼı֣һʱо
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ԣǹؼ
ֻһϵȥԪƣͷ˶ڿУϲͣ紩Ӱ鲼һöн˲ҪѨ
С컹뷨
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ԪӿҵԪƵʻע֮У
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ЦһֱۺȻðܻ棡
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ļֱ˿ηرԵĻ棬ող֮ʱջֱеԪ˿̣Ŀ֮Уȼգ֣˿ͬ˿ǣԭ·أָ˿ڴ꣡
ۿɼģһɫϸ߿Ťͬʱֱϵ֪ڻع顣
˿׷߽Ĺɫ溧Ȼ
Ƭ̹˿ȫȻԼһС򣬱Ԫһ
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԰˷ⵤҩֻʱڣܾȻ𣿡׷ԣƺ뵽һϣ
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Ҫ׼ơ鷨Ķȣ˿ģĬģʱ֮ǸִŹ֮

֮ϣһʯС
ǲ˵ˮһ𣿡һһļ́ͷ˿ɫתͷԹλߣɫѿ
⡭λ߶һۣɻ
ߣûõķ״һߣɱһЦƼҺ˾ͽңͣ
ǵĶϷµȱƥϵģ
Ƽʩ֮ʱϷҲһԣˮǸТŮ˵ʱõʯǣ
ߣɹˣǸңˮȥˣһһģ壬Ȼס
ҵͻȥ̽ϢλԣһеһƷߺޡ
ȥɣ˰֣һͷ
λ뿪ʯɣ꾲վһʯ֮ϣֲлңΪΣ
С裬ˮȻڻδ˵ļı³˱
껰䣬һֻԶһʯϣ֪ʱһ꣬òã߱ǿüһ˿һ
Сüͷһšҡҡͷܣ˿ҩɽ⣡
Ǻǣ˿޽ҩҲ֪ˮδ˵⣡국һЦε°ͣµĵҸǣˮΪδҴҴˮڳǣ
кβףСüͷһ壬֪Ȼ
ĲףüڻҪʼˣǵòĻ˽䣬ڽڵУˮȴУҴҸǣҿû˵Ҵǰʲôʣ
ΪʲôС벻Ȼ
йעҶ򣡡ҡҡͷȴǹһ˿΢Цкͼı۱ǣңҶеǸðʿȤ
ߣᵽСɱһﻢ󣬱Ǳһʬģ
ҪǴӣѾˣ


120 ˮ
ʱת۱ȥ졣
УһƬƽǣЩ۹˶ܿǱǰƽΪңʼչռǵóгֶμ
Ҫ֪ǱóǣҡƼҡ˾ͽֶǣһֱల£ΪȻҪ
ȻЩûɶϵ˿죬ƺûʲô仯Ķ顣
չڽȻ˿붾飬˿һŦӿƶ飡
һжͻȻһ˲ǧֻϸϸĺɫòˣ
ѾգҲ֪ˮûȥżеǣ𶾻飬ƹض
һأ㱻֮˿뵽С
˿̣ҳ֮⣬ֻˡˮȻǰһλͷ׵ߣ
Ϸл֮վһ
⵹ɷˣ˵ţȴδ˿ȴǽһ񣬾֮һܵİá
ż֮᪻ˣ֮Ҳʦ֮Ӣܣ֪ʦӺδ״΢΢һЦȴǴ̽ʵ
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һ˲·֣һʯͻȻԷֿһ˸ߵʯ֣


121 
ˮһۣ˵ͷ˫˫ʯ֮С
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ߣһߣٱڽʧ˲ͣɫ˫צɭɭͷССİƺֳЩ

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رȭ𵴣
䣡
ȭȭȸոջҪֲĶĺһȦȦֲĳʲ״ɢΧĽʯ˲鵹Χĺֲĳѹߣ
ۣ
Ƭ̣Ե˿ȥ
ˤһʯ֮ϣ˿Ѫұۿѣͷ¸죬ȴǷ֮ǿټɣ֮ⷴȴӲ
ҵɿȥڿУɫһ죬ѪĿ⣬ȴ΢΢һл˻壬ԭǸ֣˭
ҵ΢΢𶯣Էһȭ֮˵˵ˣ
ң˻һУսģƺûˣĿ΢ºʵ
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֣ͬһ壬ķܷɵģ
ȻҲ֣ǣȴǴ֮ɷУ
ͨոյĽ֣֣ңΪԪ죬ȻǸ֪ǰ龫ѪǱˣҾһʱɸֲ鵤ɳ٣ǣ磬ҲֻԪѣ߽Ԫһ֮
һȭܾˣǵڴرȭ֮
Ȼˣȥɣ

֮һƳֻϻţξ䣬Ȼһͷ೤Ļɫȼգ
һɿֲѹҰֲĻ֮ˮڵ


122 ٿ
ãɫ䣬Էƶ٣
ȥɣ
һȣͬӴʯصݣֻһţʱ͵Ļһ㣬ӿ
Ϣǧ
һʱ䣬ʯһڣʯ䣡
ǻһķٿף߾Էտռ䣬ǧСģԺУѵ
ԣͫһһ۵֮ϣǵ𣬻סڽ֣ˣʱסϮ
ͬʱɫһһģӽ֮У
ʯʱƺһ¯ˮƣ
һƬ˱ڣһŻĻӰûȥ
ڽͷĻͷ룬ͷϵĺ˲䱻ɫ΢䣬Էķٿ׹ȻѾ·磬ҪƾŻڽ˿ͱٿû
ʹˣľأҲ᧿ΣǸʯѾĿȫǣʯʼ۳ҽȥ
ڵԪġ䣬ܶǷٿףҵ͸𡣿ʼ濾
ڹƬ̣Ԫľûȼϣᱻǿֲķٿ˲ճɽ̿
侪ңͫ΢ƾڤڤ֮еϵܸܵѾң
ոհϢʱóڽӳǸӡȻǶ飡
˿붾飬ѾԼӿƷ
ˣһĻ棬΢΢Ϣͬʱһ

һҽȻΧķٿ轵ڻˣ
ȥֻ澡ͷһ˺ɫֵĻʸڻ°ϣۿɼģǺɫֲͣ䶯ƺʲô
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ʱƷĿܣˣ
Щͷһż׹Ļɫֳֻڽ磬İҺȥ
㲡Ҫ
ۣ

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ˮϵѾ߱Ҫԡڤ淨
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125 
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ѱԷȫȻΪ΢вȫʹǺķѴѪȴǿãԺУĻʱ
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126 ɻ
ãʼˣ죬ɱ볬ֲ԰ԺУǼе
һȴɫ΢䣬ɱȻϣ˦֮

⵱ͷֻɫһɱһ⣬º档
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ŮԳΪʦȻˮʦˮڵˮŷ衣λŷǾżˣֻһ̤֮
Ǽֹӻо𣿡ˮԣɫ΢䡣
Ϊɻһ˵ʱ͸긲ѹգӻڼ֡ΪʦҲ˵׼ŷҡҡͷż˵ʶÿԪ񡣶һɾ˻޷̽֡
ʦҲ֪𣿡ˮ̾˿ֹ˻һȺа취
˻壬ΪʦʶһˣֻǣִȺ֮Сһ塣򸹵أ˵̫ԶˡŷҡҡͷһˮȻˮ㵹ǺܹĴӵ
ʦֹӶд˶̩ɽˮԣɫһ֣صĸף˿֣֮Ψֶȣҩȸ֮ˮġ
ԹԣΪʦ⡣ŷ˵ͷ֮ɫһ̣ȴһתУֻһöڤˮ飬еڤ鼼ȱٸʹΪʦġˮ淨Ҳ޷˽ݵ߾磬ԣΪʦƣеĸ󷨣һöڤˮУ
ʦˮԣüͷ΢塣
ˣ֪ˮ㲻Թֻ֮ǣΪʦƲ⣬ڤĸƷңʺ㡣
ŷԣˮ˵ңǰΪʦ棬ͻ赺λǣλֹӣνԩɱ֮죬˿Ϊʦ򣬲һΪʦ뿪ңӱ֣֮
ʦ˼ǣ˱ˣжȡˮɫ΢䣬΢΢
ǴУڤˮУڴǬУֿɵãд˴Уͻļʣɣŷﵭȴֱͬˮ֮Уջ֮
ŵôԣˮᶨɫϢ֮УѪ˿ħ
ŷ˿̣ˮɫ΢
ͽܣʼãֻ̫ǿʤΪͻνĽ˵ʱЩֶΣн磬һ̶˵Ǽ£Ҳĵġ
³ͽܻʧģʱ׹ħɾٲˣ
˿Դջ֮ͽ֮ܵУĴջĿģȴΪ˸ͽġ
˽һɹܴ˴ƣһ֮ڣͽͻƵӴˣ
ֻʱˮŴ֮ϵɫ֮Уһʱһʱ˫ĿѲѪ˿
Ḷ́²һʱܹģŷһˮ۾ȴ֮ϵгһƴСɫСۣ૵ڣλ๫Ȼλˡ
öۣȻ粽ۣŷһ۱ϳöۣƷǸ֮
ΪÿɵķԼӡǣһ㣬һˣʶܱʶ
öۣûбǿĨȥӡǵĺۼȡ֮ֻһͣӣǸڵӡ
ŷ뵽̾˿ڣ֦ͬȻϣȴҪһȵġ
˵Ĺߵ˿̣Ե


127 ʶ
֮У˿̣ѣ
ֻ֮У˿̣һĺһīڣڹײ룬ײ޺ħХȻ֮òֻ֣ǣڹ֣ɿɷ
˿̣֮УƮҡѣһľʹüͷ壬оͷ­ƺҪըһ㡣
赽ô£Уڹȥɫɻ
׵ɻһʹһԪʿǿҲɢҲһ˲Ϊһ˲һī֮ڹһ棬ͬУʱîˣһֱڡ
ۣǷ֣ޱȵĺڹ⣬һʻ֮Σɻһ
Ƶһ˵ڹ⣬ī֮ɫڵƺܹɹһѪħԳУ״Ȼһͷ­
ֻͷ۱鲼˫ĿѪ죬ȮɭɭҪǣͷ֮ϣǣڵħƱ鲼ϡ
Ȼͷħ
ǣϣôħǱʾ֭Ҳ벻ɡ
ɱĽ顣ɻʱͷȻ
ɱ飿ԡ뵽һֿܣͫһૡ
ѹɱãߣк󻼣
˿̣ɱȻð飬ҳħ̬֮УɲΪħΪ˾
ɱǱħ˵ƺ룬ͣٽ͵ħ壬̺ɱѪԣеıȻħʮ㡣֮ǰһֱѹƣǣԴϴαѪɱ㿪ʼˡټջĴѪħȴѾʼԻ
֮УѡԻƮҡɫ԰ס̧ۿڹ⽻棬֮³ܲסκһĹ
ңڹȥõ˼ҹ񣬿¾ͳŲȥˣ
֮УǸҲԹԹ⻪˸ͬ·ˣ˿ƺȥ㲻ܡ
ħԶħ飬ǲ˵ԼġĻﲻͣǧСģѣһ£꣬ȡȡ֮Ի
ҿʲô취ûУеǱ֤ʵһʵ
ҿ㲻ܹѹѹѹ֮УһȴǻȻ˿̣ǻķ
һֱĶԻȴǱﲻסˣˣ˿ȴΣ
ڻԣʼʱˮҹغ뾪ˣûлᣬŷڲ࣬ǲһˡ
ħȻѣҲ޷һУҪԼˣЩΡ
ĺް취ˣЩˣ˿̣ǿң׹˸죬ûӰãҲʼɻǣˣƺֲ˶ˣ
һѣǿɾɢˣ
磬ȻѪϢ
ã
ŷ״ɫ΢䣬һչһɫֽƯӡ֮ϣһɫ⻪У
һУŷϢƽ˿૵Ȳ㣬Ҳ޷ˡ
Уֻһ꣬õӰȻһɵȻһ壬ɫһ䣬ѹаող֪ƺȥһ˯ȥܾҲѲˣ
иһ˲ţڣ취еȻ
ã
ԣɫһϥ촽źϣȴжġ
ĳڣ䶸ֻ𶯲ݣȻһǱʧĽɫģ֮лԻ
ĿжģĳڣͬӴһصĲݿȥ
ͻ֮˲㱻Ƴڹ⣬˲ֹͣ棬ֳΡ
ֻħͷ­ƶʢϥѪĿǻ֮ΣȴɫήңĺڵЩʧɫ
ڹ⣬ʵǡħովѣδɻ֮Ļ衣ֻһ
ħҪ꣬ȡ֮ǣȴ˼ߣܴ֮겻ҲǷ塣ɻ֮ȴҪɱ꣬߱壬֮дսһսա
տʼʱʵɻ֮ռϷ磬ֻϾ޸֮ľܳãǵħ｣飬ɱΪܣ𽥰ơʱҪһɱɻ֮롣ؼʱ̣ȴܵһΣΣԴͷȻǸСޱȵ
ħѪĿһħХͷߣȻܵĺҪɱвߣ
ͬʱƪɫģȫԻ֮绪ò죡
ƪģͻȻƺҵ˹ͬ˲ƣһӱ˽жϵڣ˲书棬㱻һƪŵĽɫĸǣ
ͬʱħͻײϡ
֨
ĹֽжȻֻħһУͬѩϺڹ䣬ڻ˲书򣬱ڻС룬һ˲ħ鷽һתȴСħ𣬳񣬾֮زز
ǵɻ֮ûôˣֻһײϽɫģ۵һڹ⣬˲䱻ڻ
֮УħɻʧǱסǣ仹û
ֻǱƽͻȻƱ鲼ͬĩվǺӴжͬٵأĻ꣡
ĳһʱֻ̣Ŀжĵ˫ĿϣתΪģȻɢţȻ
㱬ըٵأ
ֻռ䣬Ȼ䣬Ȼױ
ʿ񱬿ǻɢ֮
磬ӡϿյͻȻ׹ʢһ˿ȥ⻪ŷɫ΢䣬һ̧ץסźüͷ΢壬ʶչɫһ䡣
֣˿̣߷ΧʶȥֱһżˣʶȻܿһԪʿ߷Χֱδţ
ӣְŷૣƳһһϢ˫ĿѪˮ̾˿
ڣռȻȫǣûΣȴδʧ˫Ŀ֮еĽ⣬貣жԽ
˵ʵҲһ˲֮䣬ԿǱĽɫģռ䣬Ȼٴλ
ռܣ
һûССռ䶸Ȼγɣ⴦ռ䣬ãȴǳ飬Ȼף˶ʶ
ʶüλã˰֮ߣҺ֮ɽԴ꾫֮ңͥԻأҲȣֳ蹬ֺܶࡣһֻܿ٣ȴڻԵɺ֮£ǰ٣ν
˿̣õʶ֮Уǡְ䣬ѾʧȴǻİģΧšֻת


128 ۽ħ
ʦȻ򵥣վи̾
ףƪģʵһ׹һν֮ԣ
ǡΧתģԣֱǣأȣ䣡ˣ
ԣÿһ൱ûиߵ֣̣ܹ֮ģǿ꣬ʹȹ̣ܹͨ
ڵ֮ԣ¶ӽ̲꣬ͨˣ
±㰴ͲסйԣһʣֻↆԲŵһ룬ȫʹոճɾ͵ʶЩȣ񣬸ǱʶȻҲӽв꣡
ȴ֮㣬Ҳ컯ʵĵУ򲻿ܳɾʶģһлҪ鹦ԡ
֮ʱǿǿʶν컯ˣȻΪ֮ĹϵʶЩãǣؼһѾɾֻͣҪѭ򽥽ǿ֮ǡ
磬ֻһ𣬱պϵ˫ĿѼģͫ˿˿⡣
Ŷˡ
˫۸һŮ֮崺硣
˫һɨֵлǰ֮
ǰŮӣ˷䣬ǣһϢȴͬ󺣰븡ƽȣҲضã
ˣпܱˮʦˮˮˣ
ܻʵҲûʲôԼ컯ˡŷ´رеɱ϶࿴ۡ
ԴˣһţԷɱȤɾ鷳ˡ
Һãֻŷ˻һתѵġ治ʱ򡣡
δ䣬ֻ˫Ŀͨˮһ𣬶Ȼ³һѪһҪ¡
ˣԵδúϢɡŷ˵꣬һΡȴѾˮ᷿
ô£ͷԡ
ġʱ𣬽֮ǰ
ԭˡΡգ˵ͷˮȡУȴҲûжٶ뷨
գҡҡͷһؿλðıƣڡ£ڻָȫûʲôˣ˿Ҳ˲ϿˣôڴϣɱҲû˲˯
ʵ̫ˣռ֮Уڹ棬ನʱʱܵ𶥺ôʱ䣬Ѳ;ƿݣʹʶɾͣǣĴģȴһʱܹġ
ʱ䵽˰ҹһ˯᷿ȴһˡǸʮѾͷѾߴ磬˿̣Ž᷿ţƵĴߡ
Ѿͷ
˿̣СѾͷ˯зŹ⣬ϣһ˿ɬ֮⣬ȴԹԵֹӣС¿࣬ûעһӷӣȻүͬСǽöԴʣҪ̰ҲСһ̽£ŭĿħӣң
Ŵһ˿۵ϣһֶǵϢ˫֣ǻȥԼѣϲ֪ͣΪΣһӣڤڤбãӱǸܹǿ֮·Ĺˡһֱ룬֪ǰȻ˻ԣһѣȥʱֻд˷ˣ
˵꣬ѾȥȫѣСɲ¶ǣĲݣոշƺʥĹâƫƫһĵʳ䣬ǣϧ˯̫Եˡ
ֲ԰ڣ˫ĿŹ⣬һ֮и੹ЦֻЦˣҿ˾ҪһѾͷǿˣ˵ͯ갡ЦˣǧҪñֹô飡ٺٺ١
û˵꣬ССѾڵ´ֻצŶӣЦ
Դˣ˷ۣ͸ֲ԰Ŀתüͷ΢塣
ҿһ飬ѵСѾͷȤ״֮ϣʱһԡ
öþһʱˣһһ飬ĺܡ
ŶСѾͷȤ˷ۣо΢ǻΣ֮Сѵûз֣СŮޡ𣿡
֣ʲôֵģԣɫɻ󣬿
ȫͬ磬Ϣ͸ֲ԰
ף
ۻ˸ȴһɣ֡СѾͷƺǣǶǣϧӱûȻӦÿԿֲΣĿСѾͷͬѰˣ
Ҳ֪䲻ȫСѾͷϢܸһϤĸоƺܾ֮ǰʶˣüͷ΢塣ȴ˵˵Ȼ
˵䣬硣Ѿȥȫҧ촽һɬɫ죬˿ʼѣ
вͣૣֻҪ˹ӵˣ֮䣬ϵԹӵ飬ġ
ûע⵽ֲ԰ͻҲû⣬С֣˿̣յɱĽԽԽ
ѽ
ڣһʹջСָֻ֣ϣһССĽˣɱϣһѪϣѸٽС
һ˲ָ֮ɫɱȻѪ֮ɫһīڹ⻪뽣ƺħХһû֮У
Ǵ֮ӳС˽ħ飡
ħᣡ
ô᣿ֲ԰Уüͷһ壬ȴɻ֮Уħ飬ӦǷȡ֮ôûڣ˵ͨ
˿Ҳһͷˮ
һһɻ˲䣬䶸
ֻħһһ˲ĵ˫ĿȻ֮仯ī֮ɫüλãһںĻӡǻ֣ͷССǻ棬ͨ嶼ĺɫģȻħƣһǿҵħݿ
۽ħ壡ֲ԰Уɫһ䣬
ҿɣԣҲͫ׽š
ν۽ħ壬ָѪͳ
ħħħħħۣд˵еħ𣬷ֱ൱ʿԪʿˡ̥ۺʹ˵еĻ񾳴
۽ħ壬ָħۣħ۵ĺᣬħ۵ѪͳԵı־Ƕͷϵӡǣӡǣǵ۽ħı־Ҳ˵ħħ֮
ħ壬ǰͱϳ½һħ֮ôڲ½
֨
һһɻ磬ǱѾڵħ飬˿̼Х˳ۿɼģһС˲٣ƵûɱУ˶
α仯ϵħ˲ʧӦ
һ仯һڱֻ˫ĿӳǰģһƬ׻⡣
ûи״ɫ΢䣬ֱţʱСС֡
䣡
ͬʱ᷿ű˺Ȼ򿪣ŷλζڷڣ˫ĿڷɨһӶˣɫɻ
ոոܵһɴħô˲书ʧˣѵǴɣң˾ħôûе
ʦ
ŷ֮漴ϵģȴˮ
һ䣬һ۱㿴ϵˣʱȫ㣬һ˫֣ظ֮ϣ
ҿڻعһ˫Ѹ˻û֧ţһӱſ˫֮䣬Ѿ߹ģӳļ˳ʱһ˲
ߣˮ״纮˪ǬͳһסһѱƳһɱģһתߡ
ŷĿȴɱͣһ˲ɻ֮ɫһû˵ʲôһζһ֮䣬Ȼټ
ͷᣬһͣоԼԩһһ׵ģ⵽զ°


129 ԭ
֮һɽϣһ۵ɽһµϥˣ˴ȴǰɽ
ʱ
ҹ䣬ͻ֪ʼĩûжͣûоˣ뿪Ҹ
ǸǷ֮أ
ԭħ壬ǵ۽ħ壬ǾСѾͷȻûţĻɣǱĿаװġ
ˮҲǸĽɫ׷Ѳҹ֮ǰȻ֪ͨ˶ǳ
ҸûţǴһЩ
Ƕԭˮڵŵӡ
֪ʱΪƼҺ˾ͽĬλΪˮ밽ҺͻСУΧңû뵽ˮк֣ҵţһ֣Ƽ˾ͽʧأλӶݡ
ԤңӭԶǵĻƽʱڡ
Ȼûʲôϵˡ˿ֻ̣Զ붫Ƿ֮ǡ
ˮˮĹߣһСûжɹħ٣ǻ衣׼ɳɶ
ҺͻС趼֣Ҳ˷ͻ赺Ѿȥǣˮڡ˼ˮڣûжˮǶȴǽ׷ţˮŷҲֻҪڶǶ֡
ǵʱͷ֣ຣڶңĿȻԶ˺һ˦Ⱥ֮˶ǵϢ˿̣Ѿ
ȴ˽Ҫ˵ûԹǲܵġ̾˿о΢һеĸɣʵ̫
ʵƣɡѵң
һ죬Ҫǿһо˸лն
˵꣬һʧȴǽ볬ֲ԰С
ֲ԰УķſڵϣȻ˯ָĻһپСϡźϣ֮ͨϣһ֮顣
Ժ󣬻صֲ԰С
ǰȥժһҧһڣһˬĳ֮̾
ֲ͹ֲ͹ȭͷСͨ죬һɳ֮ҿڸϸ壬ɿڣ֮ӻԪȻ˵ңܹĿǰֲ԰УͻԵ
ֻϧȥЧ΢
ԴںڤΪ֮ΪһֱԪڣ粽ýЩ֮ǶЩ档
˵壬Ƿǳơ
Ȼɣ޿ɽҲɣЩԲ˵
Ƶǡڤ淨ⲿǷ˫֮ЧȻǷ⼸գڤԪﵽԪò˶ã롶Խ
ǣ֮Чãˣ
Ϊ֮徹໥ͻˮݣ
ÿ֮ʱֻСĿ֮ܣֹͻ󣬵ˡ
ˣ˵Ů˵ʶҲ̫ˣǣ㱻䷢֣ҪүĶ֮¾ͱ²ȥˣ
͹ϣһѾļͷߴߴһ֮ɫ
еŮˣȻˮŷ
˺ˣ鵤ġ˷ۣôõദӣѾյˣһֹ鵤
ôʱΪѾɹԪ죬ﵽ߽ԪۺǣֻҪд䣬һ·߸裬ﵽûƿ
˱Ȼܹˣҡҡͷ뵽ˮˣȴǾ΢Ǳ㱻䷢֣Ԥ˵ʶǣʶȣǾˡ
ǰ֪ڣʶǰɾͣʶȻʶ֮ۣ֮ڣ˺֣
ǿȣʶЩãʶҲֻ׷Բ
ǣȴ۵ã˫ۣȻܹʶҰΧʶɴɣڿܻЧǣʶǿ۵ĽףԽԽֲ
ңʶڿʹˣ
˵ɽ۹⿴
״һţһ˳ǰҵǱ
ôôʹ죡ɫһһѵô󷽵Ļӹɻ
ƽʱûô˵ĴβĥӲݰΣôžͷ
⽣ڶӦĻšһƲƽɰۻˣĶǬܹϾⷨ˵ϵǣڽ볬ֲ԰֮ǰѽȻʱһ춯ÿζҪϴѹ
ȻӦһͯӻ֡
ѵʲôҰɣɫһеĻֻ˽磬ۣͨҧϣ滹һźɫ飬忴ȻͬһĻһ㡣
ֲ԰һϵӡǣڻʱ򣬾Ѿ⣬ڣǱƷ
һۻлԭʵһͷ
ʲôһһ㽫ӳȥ
ͷ֮ϣһܵ͹ϣԹԸ¡Ȼһͷǻİɣ
һ˲һһɫһ
Ȼһ̣𣺡Ǵ֮һͷɡ
Ȼԣ´ȻĻڽһ˴֮ѪɣңĻڽͬǣ֮ƶɣƷ
Թԣһͷүڶãƫƫһƽֱ̫˷ˣһʹϧпѡ
ǺǣҲûлᡣǺһЦ
ʲô᣿ɫһ
Ȼ˵ˣǾһлᡣ
ҪˣƷգս൱棬ȷҪڶûлش𣬶ǿʵ
Ȼ붼룬ͷݸ
лڽȻֻƷǣڵ㹻ˡȶԣ˲̥ؾǲҵģף
ãǺˡӹ˺˫һףǽ׵߿ա
һ˲䶸
ֻ߳Ȼţһ޵һ̣һͷ޴Ļڳֲ԰ĿС
ֻۣͨצͷβȰҵҪʮ
Ȼ֮䣬ԪָĿ
һͷ


130 
ֲ԰ļʱǾĶԲҲǷԲ˰ɣڵ弶ֲ԰ռӹ
شǧɶͬǧɶν޴ƥֻǣһͷڿգһǿѹȸ
ֻĿգȻѾûϢǲȴҲǺ֮
һˣ̧ͷſеĻɫ𶯡
ҿצ룬ǰһһȴʥ۵ɴо̾
ԽƷޣ
о̾һ壬צƷףצΪƷޣ֮ǰİңƷ֮ʵϣһ壬Ʒޡ
˵צʵ׼ȷΪ֮ϣֻצӱϣһצֻûȫ
צƷޣ
ͷȻѪֻ벽ɴﵽƷ֮С
Ӧͻ֮ʱûжɹħ֮٣ɢﵭ㹻ֲ԰衣
뾫Ѫ㹻̥һͷһ˷ܣ۷Ź⡣һ⣬˲Ӿ޴Ļıǿȥ

Ƭֻ̹һǾ޴֮
ãɫ΢䣬Բǻ
飬ҲΡɫ䣬ЦһһУʱһĻĻ³ɵС
ҿôл꣬үˣ֡
ۿȥֻǻ֮УһССĻƣǳ࣬ͻмơ
ѵһﻹûɫ΢䣬ѿʵ
ͷˣģǻ飬Ǳ˺ġҡҡͷ΢΢һЦĻڽ顣ͷ飬á

䣬ֻ֮СССһȻ˳һ⣬߿ճȥҪӣ
ֻһȣСһţǻĻʱסһ˲ԭ·أ˲֮ϡ
ڳֲ԰У飬ܹһУ
㵽˭ȴһȣα仯ǻ˰ҵֻֻ̬аƴС
ңɫ΢䡣
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Ǹ꣬ɷ飬ѹֲԪͿʹ
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ȷʵĸߣǣѪȴǿʼָֻٶȺҪһܲ㣬Ȼ׼ǵĻָʱ䣬ǵţˡ


134 ֮
ѪƷѪɲ֮ʶڣɫ糣ѪʳȴǾ΢
ĿƳǾ޴зֻһնһȹǣУǰǰɾͷҧɷ飬Уһüһڡ
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˵ƽ֮󣬲ҵȵǬӶˣԪòϣΪ⡣зʵûСзѪʳͬͷһ飬е
ԣо΢ƽ֮Ȼ֪ڸڵʱǷڷƵꡣƽ֮Ķʯš
ƽ֮ҪȴһҪԪԪ֮ʶʵơ
֮ڣһԪԪħԪ֮ȴܹӵеʶûƣǡǡԪ;ʶ
ʶƽ֮Ƴ˵صĽ𣿡ϵȷϵ
ֶΣ˽⣬ʶֻܹĲ룬ңƽ֮ҲᣬһУÿ
ԡǵ΢
׼ֵʱһߣ˵𣺡ٸʱ䣬ӡΪɽ⿪
ŶȷԣЩ
޴˿̣Ŀ⿴򽣰ˡ
Ƶڹ꣬˿У΢΢𶯣źϣϵ𣺡ϹĻӦ˲壬䲻֮ǣԪƥһ֮ڣƵķӡȷʵпܡ
ԣȴɫ΢壬Ƕڵ޷⽣ˣѵǽڵӣ
ⲻ壬ȻǺ޳ɣǣȴʮߣɼֲ
ǰĿ档ԣͫ΢ڹ깧һ񣬵ʱ򣬻ǰָƽ֮󡣡
Ȼڹ˵ͷԵ
˵ҵȾƽӣ޲
ҵȰʮ꣬һȥҪѪ𣡡
ԣҪ𣡡

Ѫ֮࣬һʱðѪ⣬Ⱥ鼤ܡ
ߣƣƶܱڶǿλƽ֮󣬸˵ɡЦһ
ԣϺɽͳ죬ɽĸ˸ѵɣһظ޴Ρ
ԣоһ
ۣǲѩĸףδԭ¡
۵ȻУǣСС鷳ôҴŸ˼ң˵ۣԹ̧һޣɽֹн࣬λ⣬ɼϺɽ
ҵȶɽҰޣɽɣǸԵܣͷһӦˣظһ
зҲ룡з޴졣
ҵҲ룡

֮Уʮֻ޴˿ӻԾ±̬ˣͲˡ
ֻʣˡڹ겻ɫ
࣬ûʲôȤġ˿ֻ̣һ˫ۡƳѪʳڹꡣ
ǺǣϹԪ޶࣬ܳȥؼȥȴڹǺһЦϵԵò
ˣףǰóɴԸԣΪ⣬
һɲµϷ֮󡣽Ƴһ۽ˣĿ֮ڣơԴˣ˲ԲѪʳ
ôһᣬɽѪʳ㱻޷ʳĲˡ
ˣ˵ƳӡǡƳӡʱҲֻһɲǵĻᡣѪʳʳϣڹǲϵٴ
֪ǰߴͽ̡ԡɫ΢˵ͷɫ
ڵķӡʵ֮ڵĽ֮ڵķӡͻƵһ˲䣬֮ڵĽƻٴڡԣԪʱ䣬ֻһ˲
ô̵ʱ䲼ƽ֮󣬽˱ƽָ֮ƣܹһ˲ƽ֮Ѷȣν
£ڹ㽫һƽ֮
״ȴʱֹסĶĿϢָѪ
ؼʱ̣ʶ£֪ߣؽͷ
֮ڣϳɾ֮رڹ꣬һʶ֮£Ǿȥġ
ңֻѣȵ
ʱһαա
һ죬λãϥϣâ֮
λã֮н֮ڣƽ֮󣬱ڴ˵زãڹҲ֪˶ã֮ڵĽָ֮ƣƽ֮רԴ˴ֻ֮ûǧ궼޷á
֮ڣȺ޾ţ˿̣ϥĽˡǸողһѪʳʱ䣬Ʒʱ䣬Ҳڲ֮
վ޶ɫ
䡭
ʱʯţȻȻ
޼״׷ŤͷȥɫʱʯţһֻһΣѪʳʱ򣬶գȻѪʳѾ͹ˡ
Ťͷȥȴɫ΢䡣
ģһֻ꣬òãֻһֵ֮УտҲȻǸۡ
꣬ǱˣǱȥһ۵İҡ
ҲΣ۹һɨ㷢Ⱥ֮еɱйЦȵֶ㣬ҪãܣԱϱ֮𣡡
ֻҵĶ˲ɾ޴ۣķٿȼա
ٿף֮ڵĴǣ׷ɫ䣬ⲻܶԪĵطٿףܹɽȼɻҽ
Ҳԣ˲۽һȭֱۣȻȺ䱬ֱۡ
䣡
ؼʱ̣ǿùֻԪƣۿۣһȭǲֱۡ
һֱ֮֮ϣķٿȼգܿ죬һɽζȴѪⱻȼ̼ζ
ɫֻǾŰңƽ޲ȴ˼֮
֮ڣһɫ𶯣ٿ׷ζǴ󲿷ֶʹ࣬һܹܵ˵ģ뵱ĸʹشǺǰ꣬Ȼ֮ͬƽ޲ˣ򶨵񣬺ǿԣ
ӣǿԡڹĵϥĽǰĿ֮У΢΢𶯡


135 ƽ֮
ܺ;зһۣɫ𶯣ƾһ˫ӮǵСӣȻ
ͬɫ𶯣ַٿ׷ʹ࣬л֮֮࣬ʹǰ⿴ͨͨСӣϸ΢ı飬ûһ˿仯
֪ʹ࣬ÿʱÿ̶ڳܣ
ÿʱÿ̶֮ʹ࣬ʱΪʱʹ໹ɱʵ֤ʹģ
ˣʶڣǵڳ˯̥˿̣Ƿ֮ڣһԪҲ޼¡
Сģһǣ첲ͷˣʹԪҲ޷ָͬʱ
֪ɫȴȻ֮Ӧ
ٿף֮޷ģ񣬿ֻܲƽ֮ڱ¶ʶ֮أǹ˲ˡ
ϵʶֲƽ֮˲䣬ֱϵķٿ֮ףȴǻȥ¶Ƥ̼Ľڸ첲һ첲ǳ׷ˣ
ֶôģʶ㡣߱ӣ㽫Ӹˣʹһ㣡
ɫɱ˫Ŀг˱Ŀ⣬жʧʹࡣ
Ĵ簽ϣѳǬСһЩ鵤֮⣬ȻƷȻ֪٣
ʵڴ֮ǰͨڤڤ֮еϵ֪ԼڻƺĨɱˣǣǰֶ˻ӵܡҲӦĨɱǣ񽣱ˣǸ߽ĸ߼ˡȻô̵ʱĨɱ飡
ԣЦоǱ֮ɫȵӵǬǴ簽ᣬ˵ģ
˵ԡɫһУȴǾһ
˵浱֮ǰűǴֱ޴״ɫмȵ
Ĩɱǵʱֻһ˲֮䣬Ǳ˿ûʱ䣬ҪӳڶģӲ
㡭ɫ΢䣬֮ɫ
ʵ²簽֮䣬ϵ
ϵʸߣó谮Ȼ˻ǣϣһı֮ȻͰ϶ûԣǣ֪ڰϣԶԶԴˣвƽȴҲ޷
ңǰϾ;Ĩɱ顣
ߣˣҲûʲôˣӸʹ죬ɣЩͷڰԺ֮һһ˲ȣɱһܷٿ׵ȭͷš
һȭʵˣûңȻҪˣ
΢Ȼûʲô飬ǣУһ֮С
ʱȴɫֻǿеˣԶ֪񽣵ڡ
䣡
һҵȭͷͣıǼϣ޴ĳɵĺųٳٴݿȥ
ٿǳҵ˫΢У򶨣ȴ˴亹һȭʵˣԴͻصһΪѪĭճɻҡ
Ϊϻ޴ĽϣٺһЦе
ô֪ģɫ΢о΢
ӵΪӣΪһһʧǣ̫С˻һˣӣֱЦ
ɫͣٵġ
ô˵֪Ͻˣɫһлʵ
ǵȻҸɫ䣬ðҸȥ
ߣҲûʲôֶΣԣһϸȥ֮УûΪҲǿ㣬һҲٿһյġ
ãҲƭӣʵӱգ֮󣬺ٺ٣Ϳ컯ˡһ˽֮󣬰ЦһԵ
ôԣüͷ΢塣
ߣǱӲŹ㣬ֻɱ˻С裬赺վͻǰรɣҿͬһˣйЦ󲽳Ŷȥ
ߣŰӰΣЦ
ͱֲ԰ֽˣϣĻлոո߰ҵĵַʵǶǸһɽ£ҲʱٵĶȴвõһ塣
ðҳȥ֮ڣ˿
СӣǣպвǲֻҪ˵һܵȥ޶ظĵ죬
зһ಻࣬Сһзֻ죬кȵ
ԣ׷ױ̬һʱַǷ
ܹ°һۣɱ˻赺ĻС裬սýгޣƳһǽ̿һۣҡҡ޴ͷ­̾Ϣϧۣˣ
ҡҡͷΪ⣬ֲۣʵûǣһԪ⣬˵СԪҲܻ޸ơ
Сѵԣһʮꡣڹ̧ۿ˿ϵԵơı֣ǧڹ궼ЩݣһȻɫһ˲ֻܵҪ䣬سɴ
ǣǰҲʮˣ֪ˡԣи̡
͡
ʱƺһ˺ѿڹһɷϢƺҪ˺ѿ
Ȼǽ˳˵ӡ
÷ϢǲЧ𣿡ͫһоȣϢʦҪǿĶ࣡

Ʒӡһ˲䣬˱˫ְأʱɫԪĵ˲ӳһ޴ķ
ƽ֮
ӵһ˲䣬˲⻪ţˣȴίڵأӡƿһ˲䣬ķ֮ٴڣΪٴα⣬ֻʱģΪ֮ڣλԪɶ
߽֮⣡
𣬰ֻܻܱ۽ظĵ죬ϣɫԪ𣬼㱼ʯ֮ǰһȭɫâʯźȻ飡
зƷзǺɫڹģԪ㱼ߣаԵٶ죬˲Ρ
ߣнɫ⻪һ֮߳䣬Ʈ硣
˲书֮ڣɫԪӿʮͷ̳ʯţⱼȥ


136 Ѫ
رͷ裬Ѿϳƣͷ½Ҳ磬ǣʧȥԪ֮ȴۿۣͷ֮ڣһֱήҲȥò˶ãͻᲽЩȥ޺󳾡
˿̣ԪѻָȻ֣ļһȻͽзһԪĴԪӿ䣬һѪ֮Ԫ壬޴ͬһ㣬γΡ
һ֮УҲڹ͸˿̣ڹԪ޲ڶȥ
˴˿Ѿվ˵ͷ罣ȥ
ԪָҲûжⱼȥܱߴӳֲ԰óС£ս첲ʹСҲҪ̵ʱָ
ͬʱ֮С
֮ϣһڱĿòãرǣͷ֮ϣֻǣͨһ㡣
ţͻȻ䣬üͷһ壬˫ۣͫĹâһš
ˣˣˣʱ֮УһˮҴдá
֪ˡƺѾϤ˷飬˰֡ϰأ
ϹѾȥЩҹӵûˮ幧
һȺں֮ڣ浱Ҷ˵˵߾ߣЦһδ䣬ѲӰ
βԶʮͷȺĶսֳѪޱȡ
԰һȭԪӿһȭʱǰһȻɳȥ飬۶ϣͷѣֱȭͷģֱӱ䱬ˣѪĽ
͡ʹ죡ʹ죡зǾ޴޼һ㣬һһ׼±Ǿ޼׷ױΪΣѪĽ
ͷԪ㣬һ㡣죬һţǼС
ʮͷߴߡߴ߳ԣѪޱȡ
˶һͨɫԪ㼯ڽ֮ˡһһոһոЩٶ졣
Ҫĥ䣬ֻСȺߣ֮д󣬽ɫƬ֮ͬһ㣬֮顣
ֻвɣɽͳ죬Ľṹ˽⣬Щ󲿷ֶǱ֮㻯ޣڻҡЩ֮ϣԪеͽ׵֮ϣǸ߽Ԫͳ죬𣬶ƣЩ٣˿ֻ̣ǻûϵѡ
ǰϣȥһץһ׼ңڹУһӦӳδ֪
ǵʱ䣬࣡
ߴսңһͷȴèèţһȥ
жԶں˫۷Ź⣬֮ڣ˵ⶫ֮ڣһѪ
ѪƷѪѪ֮
һȺÿ챻ʳѪĿܣǹѪңϰܹʹƷܴĿܣѪ֮ʣ
ԶˣȱǣƬ̣
ãһܹӦѪȥķҲѭѰҡ
Ƭ̹ȣһתǣӳģһƬ԰֡
ǡֲ԰԰֣оţۿȥƬ԰֮Уֲﵽ׵Ʒ
ˣ
ɫ룬һ·ͨ裬ʱ޵ĺܣûʱӶеֲң治ֲǳֲ԰ﱾеġ
ȥֻ԰λãһѪɫС䣬ֻͨѪɫ߰öӨ͸ѪӣÿһöȭͷСɢ˵оһ󼢿ʣ
һ˲ȴǿС£ֻһɫڹŤͷ
ҿꣿͫһͷڹ꣬ɫ֮⣬ǰӰе꼸һ֮£һΪ
СѵǸˡһ˲ȴһ̣ϵ
㣬ǰŵԣ֮ͷ޹꣡
һ˲Ȼѹһ·ͨ裬ӰҲû֮УƬֲ԰Ȼûа㷨⼸ܰһжͷڹΪ
һʲôΪΪα֮ڽǧꣿԷӣ˱㻯ޣǣɲλ侪˵ڹ꣬ǵ㻯֮
һʱ䣬ɻ
Сѣڿûʱ䷢ƵĲ˼ֻͷڹһ㿪ʼժѪͬʱƵѪϹЩãСѣзݣöѪһһ롣
δ䣬öѪ
лǰ״ɫһӹѪглĿ⣬ȴͨѪѪ
⣬һƷɶãڣ
ʵĸѣʵĹµģһ£Ʒ׻½ͱѪѪڳֲ԰£ǳѪܱƷˡһơ
ʲô
ڵǱߣĴ鿴ڹƳɫ΢䣬еͺȵ

ͷҲ̧ӦڵĲ࣬˫۱Ѫɫɣ֮£Ѫ˳
ڹ״ɫ΢䣬ǰһץס
ͬʱսɫ΢䣬˫Ŀֲ԰ķȵ󵨣
δ䣬ֲ԰ķȥ
ֲ԰Уڹһץץסʱöɫ΢䣬ڹһצץڼϣоԪͲҲԾۼбŵѪ䡣
СѣѪʧ֪Ҫ춯ͷſ㡣һ˲ϵ
ԣɫ԰һ˲Ԫع飬ڹںڵצӣͷ
ͬʱһֲ֣԰Уֳһλ˵Ρ
ɫ䣬Ϊ˴˿̣վڱѪĵطǣֻײľ룡
һ˲ɫŹ֣Ϊ˸ûзǡ
ֻײľ룬ǹɴܵǣɨǣȻ
ɽĿ⿴һԵڹ꣬ɫŹ֡һУ϶ڹΪ
˱ζ֮ڹȻƵ˵һ״һλ
ϵǣǶȻһкɫȵηʥȻڴϷŪ
ֲ԰ڵķֻǱϹѹ˶ѣѪ£еһȻڹԶ޶ãϵơ


137 Ϲ
ҿһﵽʲôΪʲô˰о̾ȴתڹ굽ʲôΪ
ʲôΪͣƬֵ̣˿õģЩӡƺͨӰ
ͨӰԣͫ΢ͨǿǵ̥ʿֶΣѵ꣬ۼǣôᱻι˽ǧꣿ
Ӱʹڻͻʹ֮£ҲûӰӣϢļ¡͵
˿̣̫ƫӰӦƫλãҲ󣬵ŤͷȥλãûǵӰӡ
ֲ԰Уٳûеȵ˻Ӧɫһ˫Ŀͫױɻֲͫ԰ɨͫ˸
ӴⰽСӣǽͫѧ˸һ֡ڹ״˿ңվо
۵ݣȴһʲôаСӣʲô㣬ҿڹ꣬ʲôʱĹ
ͫͺţƵӣӦҲ֮ͨǶɨһȦڽߵһһˡеѪ޲
ڹ˼ֻܷͫһֵĹáⶫֻʹܷͨǣܸйأǣҲ˵ڹĿֲ
֪ͫ𣿡˼һתȴ
ͨҲܾ֪һƷۣ֮ͨеơһ˲
ԣЩȻҲ֪˯˶ã±Ǩͨ´ϾͨʿЧȻģط⻯ѡͫҲһ֮´ģҲδ֪
Щͷһš
档Ƕûҳǣһͫȥ
ǰˡιڹ껹ץѵ
ȵȡڹҡҡͷֲ԰ڴ
״ۿȥɫŹ֣ѵǶҪһǹٻһ˲ɡ
ͷһͫһϸ룬пܡǣҲѪڹԣһҲֵܷĴڣЩȫеġ
˲㽫ոյĽ֮Ժ˫ĿŹ⣬ȴɨֲ԰еֲ
֮͵𾢵ʱһ֣Ȼٴγ֡
ƳƳ죬и̡
ǶɨһȦԲʲôۼһƿնȥ
ˣӦˡڹջצ˿Ӱٴγ֡
Сѣ棬ܲ߳ͿˡϵԵЩƣ⻰ôô죿ԣͷһڹ꣬ע⵽ôһᣬڹƺ˲٣ƣ
ǰôˣɫ΢䣬е
ǺǺǣްֻЩƣڹƵĻ˵̬꣬ƺ仯ȻСһƴСĺɫСꡣ
ֻСһȴ¶ߣϵĻٴ𣺡СѣϹҪ˯һᡣ
˿ȴͫһ仯̬Сڹ꣬޻ʥޣߣһۣ
ǰʮߵԪá˼䣬ȴͻȻ
ԪԣǴֻһɸߵïܴϣ˵Сİɫ
ԪֲԪܹɴԪ֮ԪҲС
ֲãԣɫһֲȴûƣˣҲֳ׵Ԫ
֮£򲻸һΣո뿪ɲڹ˯졣
£磬ժԪϵԪƬ̹һǧöԪժĸɸɾʣ
棬ȡһ԰ֲһҧ˳ȥƽţ˴û˿أһڹˣһ棬ҲʮͷӳĻҡ
֮ڣһλˣƺţʮͷһܷѣϣҲģѱˣǻรɡ
ʶϢһ·زأ򶫺֮ȥ
ʶǷ㣬ϢϢҪ㱣յĶ࣬һ·оգǳ˶
վͷԶտʼĶߣ֮ڵĴ򶷣֮Уֹܱ֮ܽϨȻûϢ
ǻรɡ̾˿̤ͷ򰶱ȥʱȥûã΢õһ壬˳ǿյϢ

֮С
ʮͷίڵأһڶͳء
գɫ
ΪηǼСӣżͷ̧ͷŰɻ
żͷĴʹɫһ
ոǸСӣȻƾһͨļ򣬼ֱܴ裬ҪͷǿɶĽ裬࣬Ҫ俾ɽ̿
ߣСӣ˽洫ӣѵ֪˹Σԣüͷ΢壬ȵԺ£ǵ˼У
⡭ǣԣҧ
Сӣץģͽһ˵ץһһҲǵ˻ػȸԵʡһһڶսˣǱ˹ȥߴսƣ֮ʱ֮ץ
Сǽ洫ӣȻĳǣöѵССڲɣ
ƺ˰ϲ̾˿ȻֽҲԶûԶʱǿ˵̲Է⣬ǣڣ֦ͬһ㣬ûиıҶҲԶʱڵĶڵ洫ӣܲͲҪʢǣ壬Ҫ㣬ӣҪѹһѹˣ
ǣԣо΢
ΪĵǣǽҲͨ̾˿żȥķ֮ɫ
ǽһͷͨʲôԣɻ
֪ͷΪҡҡͷ
ŶһƽϸɻǽҲǸͨĶѣ֮⡣
ǰǰǳϺ֮У˫ۣء
ʲôԣһп־֮ɫһһ˵ǽϺɽˣ
ϣΪˡ̾˿


138 
һɽĺѵɽһ¼ҹ˲ɣķӦͫһӲǳϺ֮ңҲ
ɽûʲôؼǸۣ˸ϰϵĻͷҡҡͷɫȻ
øĸ֣ǰϣ֮ڣڶͳͫ׽һɿֻ֮
ģһᾪۼǸ˾ְǣ״ɫ΢䣬ȵ
ǣˣԣӦ
ة࣬˴αңͳƳ𣿡״˵ͷȴһͷڹֻ꣬ڹ꾹צоͱʣССͷ֮ϵһ˫̶ۣǻ
ˣͳƳˣαң࣬ʮͳһˣѴة֡
ţ࣬ͷԣüͷһ壬ոӳȥģͷһ࣬һһģ
뵽ɫ΢䣬ȴǿֲ԰ķüͷ塣ֵͷ˿Ѻŵʮͷ૵ѵͷڹꣿ
ࣿԡһةࡣȵǸأ
⡭СС֪ʣة˸£С˸֧
ˣôᣬѾˣϣ˵˵Ǻ࣬ʲôҡҡͷȴǾһܹӹͫʲôˡ
ǡԣ֪
˻壬ֶüͷ壬૵
һɣǼٵġɱһԵ
ںδԣ˵ͷתҵȥ
⡭ϴˣĸ𣿡ԣЩɻ
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һ˵ǵʱȴվһʯУǰίڵصĺ¶꣬кٺֱЦ
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ԣһ˸СС֮ϣһƤɫ֭Ѿ̣ȻЩʱˡ
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ǺǺǣһȡ鼼ԣɫһ
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ɱңҼ״Цһг֮ࡣ
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ⸯţƣʵȻǸߡһǰȥõְڰҵ֮ϣ˵ڤԪ룬ҪҵΪ
ڱķٿ׾Ͳᷢ
ڤԪôˮġڤ淨ڵԪͫ׽֮ɫȵ


139 նɱ
һ˲ɫ䣬Ųһ̤˲ˡ
䣡
Ҳȥһ˲䣬һ𣬾޴ıըȻ𣬻Ĺâ䣬ǿҵĳŰ긯˲䱻ȼմʯ֮ڣһƬǽ塣
űâֵİңɫɡ
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ҪڤԪ뿪ɣɻԪڣʹˣҵԪ˲壬ҲһȻըЧɣǸ֭Եԣ˲䱻մ
ڤԪ밽ڵԪʲôϵΪˮݣɫɣġڤ淨ŵԪ֮簽ڻԪǿԲŻᱻ˲串𣬵ǣܹоĳԷڵԪҲڤԪһ㣬ûз
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ǵԪṩȼϣƷļӳ֣𽣣˲䳬Խһαͨˣ

һһ޺𣬶˲ɾ޴ۡķٿȼգһȭ
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141 
ӡǣɫ΢䣬ɻ
ӡǣɱ֮󣬸ɱϵӡǡӡǵ黺
ԭνӡǣʵһԹ
е϶Уֻеɱ֮Թ޴Ըϲſԡϣӡǣ
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142 ħѪԹɷɱ
ãȻ̷סΣƳԶովŮӣɫ䣬Ȼ
ʦã
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੣Ϸ֮˵֮У੹Ц֮
㲻ãŮɫһһ٣ԻȻͣס
ãħãƺЦЦò⡣
ߣΪҲ֪ȱ꣬ᶼߣôǧټѰµʿҪԻŮüҶȥԻλӵ֮Ƭ̱ѣ
Ŀüͷ΢΢һ壬˿ʶ֮УԻصݣȴԼ
ȻʣϷ꣬ռħؽħ£Ǻ״û˿ţЦ
ͬʱŮɫ䣬ֻǰһڣһ˲ͬԼһ㣬ʮָͬԻʱתٴγȥ
Ůʱ壬˿ָӣͬܣֻһ˫ĿźǳĲ⡣
ǰɣ੣ΪϷᴫʦġ󷨡ɣ
Цƺǳǡ󷨡ȵĹϷġħ󷨡Ϸڴʮ꣬ɲǰ״ģħȾ֮£꣬Ϸָ֮䣬ҪŮ֮츳Ϸ̻ˣȵڣ
Ůԣֻһ˫۵źУ޾ĳޡ
੣СŮޣͿ๦ߣһʹһ㣬ʦһʦԲ
ЦŮ屻ƣϡ


150 ʨӡ
Ůԣ𣬴֮У
੣ǿʧ˿ơ
੹ЦƺһУʦһʦã˴֮ʱˣϷȲˣѰ츳ڵʿϷһħۣҪɢˣ浽ʱϷƴĸͻҲҪɶˣϷ򰡣ͷȻ˵츳ߣ੣Ԫʶ㻹ҪǿĶడ੡
ˣˣϷȥҲ੡˵꣬űĿдЦһӱ˽ڣֱʶ
磬Ůһ٣ֱĿ
ʹ㲻ʣ˿̣Ҳġ󷨡˿̾Ȼöֻǰ걻̻ᣬǹħ䣡
ԳħĲл꣬ŵĺɽֵģ˻ʦġ󷨡ʦ֮ӱʱһֱΪõԵӴ֮һɳ졣
ǰڻ֮ڣħ¶ħצʦһڵЮѰ츳ʿұ¡
һ꣬ڻϣǿսھ֮λϧսϣʮʿһﵽħҪ󣬼ս˵˵УҲסһأ
߹ٵطǣһ
Ľ죬ڻ䣬ħڴԸֻǡŮʦţȴˣ
Ů룬˿̣ʶСһЩõĺ˽ԼǸ͡
੡Իꡣ੹Цʶĵλáϲ֮
ֻһӰĿϥʶлص֮УӰҲģӰͷΧơתݡ
ǺܿģҲܼԣǶĵġ粻Ǹ
੣ϷħҪˣ੹Цһ޴ĺɫ죬ɶȥ
ˡ
ƺܵв˵һʱʶ֮У̳죡
أȣ䣡ˣ
Գ֮ѹʶлصԻ֮üĿһ壬ȴҪļ
ߣӡǣҲҲ񣡡޴ĺɫ֮Уһȣħ꣡Ϸ𣡡
໡
ȸ䣬һħХȻ˲ϢѹԣǺɫĹȥ
ħХУ𶯲ݣѱģɫķϣƣ⾹ѵļ
ԣʵֻǹӡǣһȫ򣬽ʱԵģֻڻʱ
ֻǱеϲǹؼһʧƪ֮ɾʧˣ
ؼʱ̣ĴڣǸͻȻţס𶯲ݣ·ʱԣ˳ģĺҲڣ
Уһ٣ͣ˿ľ룬磡
Ǿ磬ڤڤ֮Уܵһȥǻģֻ
ָо֪ȴдγɵıܣӣдֲ
ôܣ໡
˲䣬оǹɿ־֮ԽԽǿд󾪣ƺ֮䣬һħХʶ֮ȥ
٣ߵ𣿡
ʶģȻ˫Ŀн˸˫ӡ£
ȻԵĵڶ֣
ֳڣ䶸ֻǰһͷɫʨȻγɣһ⣬ޱȣǿ쭶ȥĺȥ
ʨӡ
ͨôܣ
ƺŷ䣬عͷǿ׷Ľɫʨӣɾٶ
ȴܲɫʨӣ
䣡
ôᡭôᡭϷôʰ
һ޺𣬰޵ļХʶָƽԭأֻһź
ףǣɫһһ֮䣬ں֮ǰһСһɫԲ顣С
ϲԡħꡣʧ棬ֻһ֮ħļ䡣
ɻ䣬ȴǻ
ˣû°ɣˣһ˵û¡ո̫ˣˣͬʱߴߴ
û£оաһЦ
ʵȷʵ֮Уƺϴ꣬оһȴǽԡ
һ֮£ҵһоʱǺˡûжġͻо˲Աƽʱ̫ٶת֮СԵϿһͨʨӡ
Ȼ򻹲ֽ׶Ραͨѣǣȴ㹻λƷαͨ
αͨƷƷƷ;Ʒ֣ҲνƷ鼼
ʵԪʿΪΪޣܷ鼼ԣһֱõαͨƷαͨİ𵴵ĴرȭƷαͨ
ʵϣƷƷαͨóģҲֻƷ簽ҺͰõķٿջȭƷαͨóҲֻǿǿһƷαͨ
ΪйأҲ鼼ľйء
²ͬˣӵһƷαͨʨӡ
ߣʯη޾壡
һͨﵽȫʢ֮ʱȻ
뵽һȴǻع鱾
磬˫Ŀǰ龰ûô仯Ů˿ίڵأһ㺹
Ůʵһֱע˿̼˫ۣͫһк㣬ȻӲħͷħצ
ֻϧոҲ֪ô£ͻȻȫһɣȥǣһԪȴҲ᲻ʧڣָ̧Ҳޣ
һŮûжܣһȴǳһڵԲ飬Ǻ
һʶתУҪеļ䣬Ūһʼĩ
ίڵصŮ״һ˿ɻ֮ɫħͷȻûеһʱ䶯ɱ
ûע⵽˿̣ĴϣϢһС󷨾޶㷴Ӧ
һ˲һϸϸܴӶһڰ뷿ڡ
Ƭ֮󣬷֮УŮɫ΢䣬֪ΪΣоС֮Уһȫɢ
ϥɫ΢
򣬷ȴ֨ѽһѸٹϡ
ȴ꣬һС˴磬һ廪ۡ
үŵˣС˿һ۷ڣһСʯͷǬУ˷ܵʯȻã
ٺ٣ǧҪǱ֪ˡ˵㣬
İɣСѾһжˣүܱǡСĦ˫֣һٺ٣үˬ֮ҲСҲʰɣ
ģֲ֣һϣа֮е
лүлүСԣаʢһЦ⡣
˿̣ίڵصŮȫ˵ҲޣһУǿõõģ˿̣У˾֮ȻҪ֣֮
Ůһϥ¶Ц֮ɫڣǶôϣħͷԸħɣҲԸܽˣ


151 
ٺٺ٣ʲôŮսھţүֵޱȣߵίڵصŮǰаЦǰٱŨȵ㣬ǱŮүҲҪ˾ɷĵ
ŮʲôүǺڴģŮ޾񣬻оһˬаһЦץŮɴ
үô죿צҪɴʱСȴͻȻԡ
ߣ֮£ԡʿԪܶãԣŤͷаһЦ˵֮£ʿʶѣүҪţŮôҵĿ³лģ
˵꣬ŤͷСˣЦСүˣᣬˬʱ򣬺ٺٺ٣
ٺٺ٣ү棬ССԣа֮ţ˫֣ŮǰЦѣһ˫צӱίڵص˶

һϥȻ˫Ŀһȡһָеɳֱڻϡ


˲佫긲ǡǻһҽУԪ˲书һͷȱİ׻ͷ­Ƴ
ף׻壡
״˫һУһӡ

һ𣬷֮ڡʱǿҵѪɷԹ
ѪԹ
ѪԹһˣûлعĻ꣡
䣡
һѪԹ˲İ׻ƣڣ

ĲҽڷڻصݣϧΪϢãǸܲڶ㶯
ҽУǻۿɼٶȸɱ˲Ϣ򣬱һƤͷ˼ӣڵأ
һͷѪɫѶϥһȦûڡ
һз˲Ϣ֮䣬Сˡ˿̻ûعֻǴĿŴ
ίڵصŮοħͷתڿװ׵ȥ
ҩϥɫ䣬ȴǽĿ⿴СˣɭϡҪģȴĽҩ
ͨ
ǱСڷӦͨһڵأһɧ֮ζɢȻŵʺ
üͷ΢壬ɫһ˵һ飬ҩ
СʺһͷףѣģԽԽ͵С𣬿вҺҩҩѾˣ㣬дСһɣ
ΪһʧõĶƽʱİٱʩǰͽнҩǰˣᣬûˣ
ûôˣɫһ䣬һ𷢳Сճɻҽ
ŮпЦ
֮һֱϥΪװᣬǣҲжˣ
ոӴļУ⧲֮£Ҳ㣬ʹѹƣ˿̣ҲѾЩܲסоС֮Уһа
ϣŮѾָЩ
֮ȫʧȴ֮ʣħͷȥڵħ֮Ȼɢȥһôһᣬǻָ٣٣߶ˡ
ֻǣŮ߷ǣоԡС֮£ˮ֮ϣѳһС̯
ǧ𶯣һ֮£ѪҺѭӿ죬ٶɢ״ϽֹŮµһ̲ʹǸ磬Ҳ׷ʲôʱɫһ죬Щš
㡭ħ
Ůԣȴ𣬿һħͷʮ꣬˵ķʽԲǰˣ
˵ħءԣɴ⣬ϽջĿ⣬кɫԲݳ
ոѾеļ䣬Ҳ˽ǰŮͬ顣
ħͷԻħħһۣǰħֲ½ʱһս˫˫𣬲ħͷȴһ˿л꣬һֱںɽֱŮĵؼա
󲿷ֵļ䣬һӶСȴ׹һסħͷԼġħ󷨡һסȴġ󷨡
ħͷڸġ󷨡ʵȫиǲˡħ󷨡ǻңҲŮΪһֱͣԪԭ
ôˣѹڴԡ𣬿кӣɫӡ
ʮҪЮʮܡջɣȴ˲ֻʣ޾ıʹʦûˣʦĸʦˣһʦҲɥħͷֻ֣֮ʣһˣ¿ꡣ
֮¡ҩѸɢŮԡڣֱֱǰ˫֡ʼ˺Լѡ
ɫ䣬Ҳ˲ѹҩˣվϽˡ
ϴС£һΣ򾲵ֻŷ͡ԡڣ֪Ǻá

ŮһֻɴƮ䣬һò֬죬ͦһ𣬼ֱһ֮òͬڴŮڱֵ欣һʥ֮
㶼䣬ŮѾӣ˫·ȻҲǸ֡
ܳѵģˣ
µﻹ̵סһȣ֮ɢһѱŮתս齣
ʵսûУ֪ʶȴ˦¥ּ֡
ʱ죬ŭһݴ⡣
ڶգ뷿֮ڣ˸˫졣
ţ
һգȻһŤͷȥֻ֮ϣտҲֻһƬ졣
һ䣬ɫӡ
ҹ˼ս֮еսһʱƣ˯ȥһ˲ڡ
ҺãҹѽħĺŮ֮Уһħ۵ļ䣬Ů޵֮·Ӧܹߵĺ˳
գһȫ볬ֲ԰У૵
⺣ڣŮпܣǻˡ
ѽˣҲ̫˼ˣڳֲ԰Ҳ綯⻪һǰƴСͷԹ
ԣһ亹ҡͷҺãһص
ҡҡͷƿţֿһ۹뷿ȥ
콣ջ֮С
ٺٺ٣һҹҹڴ޹ЦһĽ
ʦƺϲС죬Դһ֡
СѾͷƬӶʲôһЦϲСһ硣
Ȼ㣬㿴۸ңϲܴһϲȴһͷ˽һȻĻУ
ҡҡͷһ칤ϲɽڵһѵǻ죬رǸϽ㡣
ѽǿ˭ˣϲСͷһŤƳ¥ǶˣЦϣǶٺ٣
ѭȥ΢΢һЦȴл̡
ϲ٩˶ʱ˸
С󣬾˵Ȼ̲ס˵ϲĶͷлһ䣬˵ˣ콣ջеķи
˾۵һһЦ̸졣
˵ûУҹ׻ˣһƺˣȫѲأ
ҵΪ֣ԭҲ֪˭˴󵨣׻֮˶ɱ
ʱ֮еļע⡣


152 
˵׻˼ˣû뵽ɱһɫ죬̾һ䣬˴λ䣬Ȼͬ
Ŷкβͬɫһڻǵһβμӣܶ鶼һͷˮ
Ϊ˵䣬һŮ˽ȴǿˮ
ôԣо΢
ؾһῪⶫǲرͼܹʮööˮϣҲһö
ЩμڻˣǳŶ֪жˣв١
ˮ˵ˣڵ֮Уÿһڶһö֮ˣ¶µϣ٣һöԱɱɡ
٣ɽڵܹµĵŤͷԶֻڻƳȥ߳ջš֮УԷһĨɱ
ߺߣڻôʲôءУԷǻԹ֮£ǿһԹ֡
ˣ洫ӣֻɲ˿⣬ˣӿֲ
һ̸ɢȥ
ڻ佫콣ǳַǷ
һҵֵ֣ԡһŸɫ̣鵤ҩ̱е䵱̣һ㡣
Щм䣬һ۵Сӣϣдšңӡ֡
ʱֵîʱһƹλϡ˫۰հǰ̨ϣһƴĻСⲽԱߣһͯӾվ
ˣСһԻεŮ֮Ѿһҹǵ糿
ӡģ£ڻʱ䡣Ѳսûʲô뷨ֻʯȤ
콣ǾۼôſٶԴ壬ƸȻˡǣ㶯˼һ̣Ӫ鵤⡣гֲ԰ṩԭϣ컯ӹǻǲԴ
弶ֲ԰мĻʱİٱҪֲҪ׵Դʯ
̨棬˫۰գ
ӺۣܲûʲôǰҲôʲô棬ҵʱҲǻңɶҲû
ˣⶼһˣûһأⲽǲ͡
ʲô˸Ƿվ˿ɫʱҲˣ߰ɡ
˵꣬˳ֲ԰˵ֱ̣ҵ֡
ȴҪȥμ콣ᡣ
콣ᣬ콣֣îʱ̿ʼҲڻǰһ졣
Ƭ̹콣е
һ޴¶ܹǧˣϯֻһ㣬˿̣ϯϣǰλöռˣֻк滹һЩλÿȱ
ɨһǷֲˣڵ˼ˣ޸ܵļҲڳɨвϢǿʿʶ
ǰϯλһע⣬˵Ϣ½мơ
׻ôһУԹں˸λ¡
˵ǰϲһ׻ӣһ쵹Щ֣ԷȻûҵ֡
îʱ̣ھС
һλԪţ˿̣һ˷ܵĽ˴ĳ
۽ǰգȴʶУЩʱգ˼öѪʱʱӽԣõʶʵһ㡣
ӽԣĬĬšԣһεļá֮˽ʨӡͨ˿̣ȻҪϲ١
ĬĮ̆ϣһƷѾ̨
һƷĳļʯ˵ʯƷʯ
ֻһۣûȤּǿ۵ģ˵Щӵܣû˳ۣʯļ۸񣬱һԪСɵĵá
ڶļʱĺܿ죬Ķܳ棬ʵЩƷ󲿷ֶЩ콣ǵʿί콣ġ
콣дɸѡгֵģΪƷԲ˴˴ᡣ
ֻơڻʱͬһޡ
ģǱѹѹܹƷ档ǵһ˵֣꣬С˽һŽСС͵̨ϡ
֮ϣӡ˸Ϣķ޷֮ܽƷϢ
վ̨ǰĿˣΪСĽ鵤ܹƣ
䡣㱻ҿչ¶ǰģȴһƿ
Ľ׵˵ҩѣ˭˰ɣ
콣оƷζ⾹ȻѹƷֱЦ
ⲻ˷Ѵʱ𣡡
ģ֪˭һߺ
ģģġ
ʱϯϡҪ˷
ǺǺǣ԰꣡źǺһЦԪ˲ѹԶλѵ콣еĿڱ
ϾͲҪҵθˣ˵ɡʲô˸
Ǻǣո˵ˡ鵤ĽףźǺһЦ˿飬ԪһߺȣɲһĽ鵤ǿ
漤һҩƿοƿ
ʱһ֮֮ȫ̹
Ľ鵤ǰ֮У˸ԡҩ㣬ôĽ鵤
Ǻǣ໹ͷäźǺһЦкȵ˵ȷʵĽ鵤ǣƷȴǡƷ
ű˵ߴƿ֮еһö鵤һһ䣬£鵤ѱԪƣڿУ
ʲôƷ鵤
ιඥǾƷ鵤
˴ᣬȻ־Ʒ鵤

˾̾ѣϯǰλãһڴ˿鵤Ǽǵʦ鵤
ѽԭί鵤ģʦѽϲȻ
ǵʦ֣һȻɫɻ
ϲ˵̨ϣһͨ죬ô꣬ǵһƷ鵤Ȼ鵤ƷЩͣסǾƷ鵤дȵӦίҪҪֳ鵤Ч
䣬СһͷһͷСһ㱻Сһͱ˸ͨ͸Ѫֹ̨ϲҺѣЩ˶ܿһֲʵֻƤ˶ѡ
飬Ҫ˷һöƷ鵤̫ݳ˰ɣ
Ʒ鵤ˣǻʲô

˵ˣƿ֮УöƷСһöҲӦίҪʵϷҲ᲻ðۣһᣬ䣬㽫鵤ҺֹС
һ̣𾪵鷢ˣ
ֻǲҺ޴˿̲ҽиңǣȴͫ׽Ϊϵ˿ڣۿɼٶȻָѪֹܿסԭȵ˿ھƽ˰̣
ûɣȺƬ̵ľ֮˾ʱϣ
ǳƷ鵤ܣ
ԣǳƷ鵤Ҳûǰ˷񶨵
̨ϣҲͫ׽ֻ֪鵤λгƷʵЧɲ֪ͷĨȥϵѪԭȵ˿ڴû˿ӡǣ
ͷ޴˿ҲССǸ㲻ףʹȥˣ
ţһӣЧ


153 ˵
ʹǵһοʦֵֶΣ˾̾粿һۺ̾
ǰʦֲܹ֮֮᪻Ҳʦ֮̾ѡʦִӹŹġ
˵ģǲȻɫ𶯣øոһ˵˵оУĵܵܣǸ˲֪ȴģܵܣӿʼ궼̶ʱ䣬ΪĿٶǣ֮֮᪻Ҳʱ˾ˣ
ܵܣһţʧȥʲôһλڣ
µķӦҲᣬ̨ϣ첱Ӵ֣һȻ֪λгƷ鵤ЧΣ治֪ͷգգۣӣȥϵѪֻԭȵ˿ڴƽ糣ﻹܿĳۼ鵤ЧȻĿֲ˹
źһվĪбȵûУûУĽСƷ鵤
źһ䣬һȵڿʼĽ׳ƷСһö׼ʯʼ
ҳʮʯ䣬˱ۡ
ʮ򣿴򷢽лӰɣҳʮ򣡡
ʮҲˣҳʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

һʱ䣬м֮
ĿɿڴһȺˣҲ̫˰ɡһöĽ׳Ʒ鵤ɶһƿһƿ̰
֪Ʒ鵤һƳƷ鵤һǱ쳣Լ棬óġһöƷ鵤ϣֱǧ겻Ⱥܲ
ʮ򣡡ϯǰţһȵˡڵ껡
ٰʮ򣡡ڻƳһ껣һ
ϯһʶļȴûбۡ
ˮɫһ鵤׵ʱʹù
ҲûвμӾġԹԸ¡ԭôֲ鵤ȻǲƵģУȥҪö
ɫҲģ˼
򣡡ϯһţһ۰ü
׻Ҳ鵤Ȥ壬Ҳˣ򣡡ͬĵһţһЦЦһ꣬һͷɫ쳣ˣһ˿üλãһɫӡǣˣȻ塣
߰򣡡һ𣬳ģǰŵһ꣬Ŀȴɢڤ
ߣ˰򣡡һ𣬳ģȴǻϡ
ʱҲϤ˵ͼЩˣÿ󣬶һģ鵤Ҫȥо
ֻ뵽ǹһ˿ЦСһḺ́Ԫ鵤еĹؼ֮תԪܡ
ЩôоҲ޷ƳС
һҲö鵤Ȥ˼һǧ鵤Ҫˣ
ʱһЦӴ쳹ѭȥģһھϯˣ˴һ񣬿òǸߴࡣ
˿ȴͫ׽˵ľܽУһϢһԪҪǿʢĶ࣬ǣƫƫʼգûע⵽˵Ĵڣˣõ͵ĴڸУ
˻˵УΣ˾
˵Уôˣ
˴ս׵λãûˣ

˾ѣȴ˫΢У˵У⼸Ѳǵһ˵
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һ˲ڽ֣ǵԪӿĿλã˲ʢĿɭ䣬ǰųĻڽһ
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һз˲Ϣ֮䣬˶ûعֻһֲĳƺҪգ
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˵ľ׺Ȼ߿Уɫ΢䣬ȸٶȺܿ죬ӵУȻ׷ϣ
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ԣ΢΢ݣոձ⾲ԣϸȥֻǸһｬϴЩףǲɫľȻСŮģһ裬ֻһﲻ壬ŽѾ죬ڸСڷԵ䵥
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ԣŲûǰصһһС̾˿ûеȥҿ
֮У⸾˲ûʲôΪֻʮ˵ʣ൱һԵŮҲǡ
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һԵСŮ޼״Ҳſͷ
Ҳġ״̾˿еȴֽǿͷСŮ޷
֪һȴŻ˹صĸˣֻ⸾ľȻһǰһѻסСŮޣˮſһѾūʹ˸̧֣ŹСŮɣС
ˣ
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ԣüͷ΢̧ͷǰԪ䣬˵ļѾˡ
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ͨ
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СŮҲܶ£ץŸݹ᾵Ĵ֣Բ
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뵽кᣬСŮޣȴ١
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ãһ˲һϲ˸˵˼ֻڴ˶ɷ򣬴˿̣ȻڴϣһϲĿ
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СŮ޽
̾˿ת߳СݣûдûдӾϲлعһˡ
á
֣ҽȻˣ˵ǵͳ
ֶƺϤȴɫһȴЩɻ˵ж԰׻죬ƺ˽Ĳ٣ѵΪĴܶԵʡ
˵ĵͷ˷ŽŲΡˣ߳ݣСŮޱıں档
һͨһǰ
лʹ֮˳̱˿̻磬֫ЩٶۣЩΡΡ
лʹ˿ͷ
лʹСŮѧˣ۾Ǻ档

ϱڼ𣿡
ʱͻȻ𣬰ģһ


162 ׻ɽ
ԣɫһ䣬ѸĨȥϵۣʾɷɵݴϣͬʱˣɫɡ
ôϻ۵Ůӡһһ˵ʧá
СŮۣתͷ˿ĸˣ֮Уɻ뾪棬λʹ棬һͬӰһʧ
峤ء
һз˲Ϣ֮䣬ʾСŮ޽򿪷š
⣬һλŹȵϺˣ̾˿ϱ
峤ܷЩʱգһ׾Ϳˡԣ
ϱǲǷµһҲ꣬ʵòˣٹƬ̣ʹҪˡϺ˵꣬һ۶ڸСŮޣһ˿ʹϧ̾Ҳˣ治Сɡ
Ϻ˵꣬̾˿Ź뿪ˡ
Ϻ뿪֮Уҭ
Զһôϡ
һϢ֮޺ۼ˵пһԵ˫΢Сۿܲˡ
ҲٺһЦ
˵ȫں֮СϬոտһýɫ·һһ˲һϢȻʧӰ٣ʶϢЧ
˲ϣȻΪ˺棬ĿģȴΪ˵νʹ
Ƭֻ̹һӼһʻ
ӭʹ
ŹȵϺȹڵأٴݣɫ
滹СһνʹǸ߽ʿѡ
ܿ죬װ
ԶȴͫһɱһΪʹУȻһСŮޣǲΪŮ
˿̣СŮ޾죬ǿžҪᡣȺĳ˹ڵأȫȴǿŲ̧ͷ
£һһѪ䡣ҧ촽ǿеʹࡣ

ʱһĺȺɫһ䡣ֻȺǴݵű˺ȻƿһΡΡܳк
磡ԣһ𣬺һվаɫ
ãл·𣡡УָλʹֱȻѲ׼ٻ
ԣһЦҲãӣҲûϣֻǣ˿һ۱ʹͬץСŵŮĺڣ֪ڣͲý
һ˲ˣɷӺˣ˱ͷǣǵڻںǴ𲻰жɹ
̧ͷһ۳գ˶ʱ磬Ĺޡ
ʹϢŭϺ峤״ǿ־壬ͷֹ
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ʹԣһʣнĶˡ
ۣ
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ʱʹźȻأؿλãһڴ󶴣˿Ѫ
̣һ˲֮䣬ϣһ֮С
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ԣɫӻͳһöɫƣˣƣǴʹϵ
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׻Գ磬˸ûˣҲֻǸƶѣѵð׻壬Щ񻹸ƲɣЦ
֣ɣɽ·ϣѲһܣΧûˣͣе
䣬װ״ϣһӰðͷ³
֣𣿡Ǭƨɣϵɽ֮Уʵ
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󣬿ȴʵ֣׻壬׶ˣ
׻֮ˣûһǧҲа˰٣඼ûоѰ׻ƣһ׻ɽСƵİ׻ˣľ֮оѹƵģ²ָ֮˵˵ţָԶƵɽ壬ǰ׻ɽ壬嶥ǰ׻ֻоƵİ׻˲ܾסҲǴеĿĵء
׻嶥֮ϣһ޴ĺΰǰ׻
׻Զ˵ȥȫϢء
Ž䱸ɭϵü֣ôȥ
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Ƭֻ̹˵һǺҶһʯ塣
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˵ҲԣȽ룬ɫͬʱʯ壬ʱصһƬڣֲָ˶Ϊг֮ˣڰסǵߡ
խͨ˽ʱһصļɽ߳
۴һԺ䣬ǴʱԺļɽ֮ԡ
֣һƬŮ򲹵סǽҫڣЩ롣˵ѹһԪϢѹڸ߽ǣԺȥ
״ѧ˵ԣǡ
һ·ϣвˣ󲿷ֶûΪͨˣҲЩʿװͬС죬ֻ˵һԴĺЩۣ·Ҳֻ࿴ۣ޶ԡ
Щˣǰ׻ūͣûΪЩģǵõʹͣЩǳ򡣡ߣ˵е
ŶֹУʵڿɺޡԣ˫һУеȴȥǴ䣬ˣȻûһﵽģҲ׻ѹԵʡ
׻壬һǲȡָѹʩЩǳҲֹū֮䴫ڣһΥߣ̷Ϊţɹ
˵ѹֵĻﵭȴоǾ˵ŭɱ
ʲô
˿첽ߵʱ򣬲ԶһŮȻ


163 ߽ҫľ
֮һŮֻŮǰһư׷һͷ˿֮ۡ
Ů˺Ů½ġߣ˵еĴ֮
أʲôȥ
˿̣ŮӱǰһֽĿ⿴ȫںе˵Уʵ˭
Ůˣԣɫ΢΢
һŮˣ½һˬɿһָǰķѵȵǿԽȥĵط֪𣡴Уǵ𣡡
֪֪ŮˣСĺͿͷͫȴǾһ
Ůӿе磬Ī½
ߣ֪ͺãŮһȵ
ԣгƴ·ء
û߼Ůһߣ˵ɲ
Ů˵䣬ȴָں֮е˵С
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ʲôٿ˫ۣŮӼ״üͷһ壬ȵ
˼״ĸҶ࿴׷׼ӿŲΧˡ㲻һӰ
ͣ½Ų˵жһۣо΢
ߡ𣡡
ŮӼ˵гٳٲʱЩͣǰҪ֡
ʱֻ˵һŵӰڻûüӦŮǰ磬˲סŮӡ
һзڵʯ֮䡣Ůеľ֮ɫûüɢֻȫӲڲԣԪҲʧȥϵ׻ƣƺȥ
Ĭ˲ǰŮӻֱҫķȥ
òҪˣʲôߣȫʬ˵ɭ䣬ںڰе˫ۡƺɱ
ŮӴ˸飬תѵ۾ͣԹԱŻǰСԷϵɱˡ˭ô׻ĵ̷
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ˣһ·֮ϣȻ˳֮ܿ죬˱һ޴ƽ̨Ҳ׻ķ嶥
ֻǹͺͺƽ̨ϣһŲԾ࣬ڼĶСҶʽ֮ɫͬһ㣬֦ϣϡϡżȭͷСİɫʵ
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ҫδ֮ʱǽɫ֮󣬲ǰɫ׹ơ
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ԽҫˡҪҫľʱȻ
ԣɫһֹסǰ˵С
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ôһᣬѾǿϢ֣׻嶥ٷ
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ţ֪дֱܵͨ硣˵ԣ˵ͷ
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һʱĬ۹Ƴһԣڽ½ģɫһ
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Ʒ顣
һʱһɫͷХ½ȥ˲书򣬱˽ȥ
һԵ˵ɫһ
½֮Уǿ־壬оһϢӿڣڵλһš
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ֹȻÿÿ˵ָǰ⿪½ϵĽơ
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Ӳȥġ½Ͻƽ⿪к޺޵Ͷﻹܱһ
Ǻǣ֣СԣѪһ

½ɫ䣬һȻˣоǿ־壬ոӶԷУƺ޾Ѫʬɽǡ


164 Ѫħ跨
½ĵķӦЦһƳȥ
ոʶ֮ѪԹ֮ǿĳȻǵ־ǿ֮ûжõģֻСֶΡ
˵пһۣĿнһ
½ĵĻͣһ·оգ˰׻ɽ
ƥ½ı˵һȣһ򼲱ȥ
ɫ΢ⲻʱķ
Ǻǣ޴Ϊӵ֮ϣҵǶأ½Ǽڽ
Ͳţǵİ׻죬бĳڡ
Դˣ˵кûдƬ֮Ȼһз
죬Сʱ״ңң

˵ȴȻͣһ߸֮ϣɫֻ֮Զ״죬ۿԿǴѪ졣

˵һ񱼶ȥ
֪󱲣Ϊӵ𣡡½ĹЦһ⡣

ŮЦһ룬ȴһҽУɫ־֮ǰ˵ıӰڲԡ
ߡ룬е£
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£½ĸоеĿֲٴţȫһɣڴͷ亹ܲп־֮ûио֮
ǰˡɱ
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ֻУʬʣ׸УӣֻзݷյͲ֪޵
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½ģһɱжȥ
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ֻ֮ǰһһŮѪУ˵֡Ծɻš
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뿼ǣ˵ɣԣɫѪһ
Ƭֱֻ̹СŮޣӶ䣬ɷΧʯϲ¡
½һԾۿеļڽ֮⣬ȴԱܿڲ󷨣ǡʹҲǰ׻죬ֻƬ̹򡣴׻ǿϵˡȻ֮أʱҪһһ˴ˣԱⶾ֮
뵽½п
ʱֻǲͻȻ̧ͷУѪ⣡
½ļ״һܵľòˣֻһԡ
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һֱŮޣһֻ֣ȴ½ĵĸ첲ѪһЦȻ
ۣ
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½һ˲Ȼ䷢ĲҽУְŶϱ۴޾Ŀ־塣
˿̣ѾصǷ󴦣ֳһֻۣڵϻŰѪɫģ̣еСŮ޶ţûһ˿־֮ɫ
Ƭ֮䣬ѪɫͣʱѪ죬һɳѪɷ֮ɢ״УƺеѪɫϢпӿȥһӰżĿХпӿ룡
֮УѪ飬ƿǣͻԪ죬ﵽԪ߽ף⻹ûͣǣ
˲书ƺ׻춼ֵӰƮӿ뷨
Զ½ɫȻоһϢɺȻˡ
֣ħ񣡡
ѪЦſѾڽڰ˵˵иߺȵ
кβң
˵ͷֵĶ˿ԣЦһУ뷨֮С߿еİ׻峤ϼ״ɫ΢΢߿գۿ
ո˵иĳСֻǸԪʿǣȻܹһսܣʣֱ׻ϲ¡
棬Ѫɫķ֮УһаϢЩ
˵뷨󣬶ʱѪֳһ룬ϣѪɫ֮УƺõӰǼХ״ˣ
Ѫħ跨
ЦһߺȣֵѪȻ壬һϢȻͻԪĽޣﵽңڲ
һԣ˵Ѫ壬һϢͬǣͻ
ڵ˫ۣ˿̱Ѫ֮ɫƺ˿˿ħӿ
ôоƺϸܵѪɫӿ֪ЩģǷ
Ѫħ


165 ս
ողµķԻѪħ跨
ⷨʵħ֮ܹѪɷ֮Ѫħ֮ոõӰȴĻ꣡
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166 Ϊͻ볬ֲ԰
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168 ңӿ
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䳡ϣԽԽ࣬ų϶ŵˣ۷׷ס
ףλȻˣոģ˵ʤΣ
ĳļ˴һκ̹һһԵĸ
ߣȻЩǣ²ǶϵĶ֣ûȸӦһԵ½üһߣ
ĿͷĽɫƣɫ
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İɣ֮壬ֻҵռˣԣоһεЦ
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ͰϴսϢһ콣Ǵ䳡ԽԽ࣬Ҳҿ䳡󣬷ߣ类ˡ
ʦһҪʤѽУһҲϵϲһǣе
ľ׼Ԥԣȴսû˿ЧõģСΪˣܾɥ
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ˮͻ޶һۣɫء
ϣͬâƶʢŤһɴأ
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ǿϢ
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174 ߲
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ڤԪɵڤˮųͳˮм߲֮ͨĺ亮Ȼһʱ䶳ס˰ϣ
˻ʤˣ⣬˵һԪ죬Ԫ۷Ĵһλޣϰ壬սȻֲˣ
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ܣĺܡһɫκ䣬תͷ䳾ڱİϣе


175 창
Сɫ΢䣬һ˲ȴһ̣¶Ц֮ɫ
ΣɫɡǱ֮УһɿֲƻڣƺһͷϹھѡ
⣬Ȼһڻϲ黹ûȥ
䣡
Уһ޺䣬ֻǱȻ飬ǧȻ䡣
ʱ⣬ڶʿˣҽһˣȴΧļ˸͹ԡ

һѪϻٿ׳ȼգɱ
⻹ûִֻ꣬أ죬ʱѪ磬ſѪǷٿ׳
ɫ䣬ΪϣǷٿ׶Ȼ֮䣬ѾϿա
ϸȥһģķ棬ѲƣХ죡
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½üĿԣһۣɫ֮䣬Щ⣬أǿǾ֣һסա֮ҲҪΪһң

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Ҳھʧһ˲ڱ㻯һ⣬ǿЦ֮ɫûüȥİϣ
ۣ
𣬰ϣѪ磬ɳȥֻ絽ߵλã飬ⷭתһĽޱȣԿǶѵɭɭ׹ǣѪ
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˼Ǽ䣬ɱǣлڽ֮һ䣬򵹷ɳȥİ׷ȥ

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ϣһ޴ĽۺᣬѪ׷ɣ
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״һڽֱ̧ǳͷһΪºһ̤ڻ֮ϣһ졣θ죬лڽƴǣȥ

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ǰãʱ𣡡
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УҲʵı޴ŤҪߣȴôüۼǾ޴бҪ֮ϡ
ؼʱ̣һһ˫һУһת
䣡
һ̤պ˰벽ֻǰһ΢񣬵ڻǰ
ô壬һ𣿡Ž꣬
ˣǳ⿴ϷС
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ԣ󣬻£𶯼䣬ͷҲأȥڿУһ·Ѫ
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ô˵ǾҪСˣСԣӥĿһУһʢ
ҿ˭ֵܵ鷳
ʱһԶԶ£Ӱնվԡ
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֣սϸʵһѣ˵йЦУսһڴһս
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˵Уͻô壬뻵˹أСӥĿ΢У˵Уȵ
ߣôñӣ˵УܹԼ˵ԣһʢսⲪҪս
С״ɫ΢䣬ȫ䱸
˵УϽսףȻǴΣ֮У嶼ûв룬ǣ˵еսȴǹϵĿֲοʱ֮
˵У򣬲ᴥ


176 
ս֮ʣһͬһͬһ⣬˲Ϣֹ
ˣǽߣ
ߣãϴһս֮ʣжϣ˴ΣҪҺúսһս
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ԣһС罣֮ȥ
УСˡ
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ͷһȻһڣ˵ͷңӶȥ
սһ䣡
ǣսĿ磬Ÿոտʼ
ңϰ壬洫ӣԭɽͽΪ˽ڻϣһƥ
һնɱȸŮȸѹ׻ӣش̫ӰϣҪС֣ǰϣѾΪ佣꣡
սУðϳ壡Ԫʣֱ
бƷ
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ոһսʤʵĺܴԪգҶֶβ٣һսά
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178 ؼԪ֮
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ڻЦһ췽ŵϢ쭶
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ߣ¶Σ˴ڻ䣬кĶ֣
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Ŀ˷
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180 ޵нӣ
Ǵ̫֮ˣϣ𺳲ѡ
ϰ壬ѹŴ򣡡
ƨϰս޵УܱѹŴע⿴Ŵϰ岻ɽСһУ
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νᡣȥԼᣬפħڣյħ֮塣
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Ȼ˵ͶģḶ́νޱȣһҲٲң֮󣬼ħ֮ػĺ꣬Ҳֻټ꣡
ԣ֮ڣͻƱԭеľ磬øԪߣһգ
ΪԪָʱ䣬꣬ͬڣ
Ԫһήɢ
ᣡ˵е˵ͷһ˲ȴսǣɱһкˬЦ֣֣֣ɱһ𶥼ˣΣ
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ԣоһ󳤽һһɷϢ
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һ˵кͽ˱ʯһһʯħҲ֪ʱǱڴ˼ء
ûɣǾҪɱˣ˵ǾżˣԶһɫ죬޿еɵ
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⴦ɽ֮УһƬƽǱǰƽ˶ھȴû֪ħ׺ʱֻ
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ԵѾǹһڿ
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ħף
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һСɽ塣ɽȼ֮ң߶Ȳɡڰ׻ɽǧɵľ޷֮䣬Եúܲۡǡһ۵Сɽ˿̣ڰ׻ȺɽضɽҡĵͷȻΡȻ
ףѵ
˵кͽȻҲ쳣һʱɫ΢˼
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ÿֲĻν٣
˵̧ͷ졣ɫ΢䣬̾ٹ⿴ơͱǰǿĶ࣡
ʱɽеʿѾϵ˿̣ɫ𺳣þ
׻ɽȺɽʱǾ˵ŭеĹһƬš
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Ƭ̹ǽѾϣһ׺Ȼ£
𣡡
ɽһʯͷŭ𣬽ֱϣ˸ɽʯƬ䣡
ʱ䲻ô׻ˣɫɡ
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֣һֱ֪ܲ˵йһЦһһɫĽˣڽգ㳲ֱ߽Ӷ˰׻ſڣ
Ŷ߽ţԣ΢΢һ㶣૵
߽ǽڵλӣ
ذˣ
ɫᣬڻһû콣ǸʿøԤĹأЧ
Ҳֻһʱ֮ƣ׻λԪ᲻ϧһд۸ϵģҡҡͷɫЩȻ
ôͷħã˵м״ɫ΢ʵ
ԣҲ
˶ǽԣ˵иѾΪˣͷħıԴô
ãã
ԣ˫΢У
ͷħԴǵԶħľѪܹɹ壬ڷ㼯ˣʱϢᷢʵɱ䣡
ǱҪһ˵ԣЦս
δԣǱ󳤽ȴһ
״˵ͷоһһսɣʱᵽİ׻治˵ӺӣҲ鷳
ħԴ֮ãǣԪȴдã⣬ܹǿкСļʴԶħͨ
ԶħͨûԭǿջҲǾ޴ģ
˼䣬ǽѾС룬ɽһʯͷˣɽʯ䣬;ȻС١
ȴɫ΢䣬Ϊԣ


185 ħɽ٣
ʼ֮ʱɽˣϢɢңԵúܻңǣС٣Ȼ޴ϣɽʯϱ䣬и𣬿ܴصӣǣУħϵϢȴۣңԽԽǿ
ãһͷħɫһ䣬Ȼ
ʲô˵ԣɫһ䣬һ˲һǿսħŹζ
һħԪʵ
ģһ
ǣħԴǿΪǿԶħ
ȷ˽ü΢
ҪˣͷħȻΪǿ
ʵ˵ģǾ޴ͬɽһΣ˿ֲĳ
⡭Щ֡
ԣȴüͷ΢壬ɻ
ԿħϢۣǣͬʱһֺìܵĸоƺͽ
ΣСҪˣ˵սⲻе
˵Ĺǻν٣Ѿ´룬ħɸߵΣѾһ룬ǣС˽Ρ˵ĸоȸոոǿ
ϵɽʯѾ֮Ž
˫΢СħѾͣǾ޴ɽ̬ǼʮɸߵľʯԳ˫۹ϥʯʣղݣ
𣡡
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ƺŭˣҷһɸӿֲѹΧ۵ʿˣֻѵö־֮ʱ
ĳһʱ̡Ȼ䣬ؼһƬ˶ʱʧ
ͫһ˲ϡһ޴ֵ׵ӽͬһ˲ʯͷԳ
䡭
Ƭ֮һֲĺһȦ˵׵ܿɨȥ

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ʱһ׵֣
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ŽһԻ콣ʮÿһڵӵıرҲΨһĽ
콣ʮ֮ʱʮУΪ⽣٣ʮбΪʮУʮбΪʮһУԴƣֻһУԻ콣һ
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ƣ΢΢衣⸵µ塣Ҫǿ
ţϣȴǺٺһЦ촽УѪһеٺ٣׻Ѫӳ֪ѪζΣ
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𣡡
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䣡
ȻУ޴ĳ˲ϯ⣬ԶĽ˺κڿе˿ȥ
ǿ󣡡
κѣУȴǾ΢ŤͷɫĽˣֵܣһֱչ¶ԪΪǿô
ԣ˫΢Угһȣ콣
ʱһȷŻҪĽɫκȥ
Ҳˣô˵ʹ򣡡κ״Թϣһͷɫڹ긡ֻ֣˹ͨɫβȴһߣߵĺϳ壬ޣ䣡
ƣ
ԶĿУ˵пȣֻƺû˶֣
˭һս˵һ𣬿棬껡ڤһ̧ͷⷬսɫ𺳡
˵ս˲ӣЦһˣҪһսɣ
У޴ת֮䣬֮β˫˫ɢ
̤գ˿ȥÿһһʮಽֹסΣֻ
Ԫ죬ɲҵĶ֣ɫɱһԪΪȴһֱչ¶Ԫ죬Ʋ
ǺǣˣԸԣǺһЦδ䣬һϢǣ˲ΪԪ۷壡
ϵ˲ȡ˲ı
ߣ
һƺߣɹǵľʹӡӰ˲ͣ
𣡡
һʨȻֻһͷĻʨӣͬ콵̤գȥ
ʨӡ


186 ׳ף
ǱڶĻʨӣɫ΢ӡƹâʢ

һƳԵֻУѹѹƶȻ׹ʢ
ǡ֮ԶȻɫһ䣬ૡ
ϵУܵкѹѹƴ˿׵֮ʢת䣬ȻҪ֮
ΰ
ؼؽ֮УһҲֻ˲ɣû뵽ӣȻһУҿӣǴ죡ˮɫأЩǡ
ʢɫȻص
ʦֵĽʨӡϲӣſǿĻʨӣǹ⡣
ԣ׷ͬһУսڻʱ¶ʨӹȥǿֲĵؼԪ֮Ȼ飬ڻ˻ȥ
ʨӣƷαͨ
˵ʱʱ죬˵䣬УǺѹѹȻһ˲һƬһͷʮɳƶ£ǱڵĻʨӳȥ
֣һƬšƺϵҲȥ
˿̡ؼ䣬̤նеĻʨӺͺХµľ޴·Ψһ
⾲֮СʨӺ;޴Ȼײһ޴죬ֻǿ˫Ŀ
䡭
Ƭ֮󣬲һĿֲ𣬰һ޴ĳйˮſĻУγһ޴ĿնϺƲ㡣ƺһ㣡
Һʱڿеսڵϣǳ֮£ֵһʿ
Уɫ΢䣬޴ķ֮ɳȥڽѪ
һߣɫһͬɳȥɫһ죬䣬ȴһѪȥ
Զ˺κսȴǿֲĳʮԶ
ˣҲ̫˰ɣκ̾Уȴͫһ
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棬ɫ׹˸һɰԵ׵Ϣģ
Զͽսһŵκɫһ䣬оеҲˣһȻȭ⣡
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ϣ˿Ѫڣһս֮ǻԻ͵ĴУֲΰƸǶĩһĻ£ģ
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˵ʵһҲһ֮䡣

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ҲɫԷļƣҪūߣ׷֮ģʯԳڵһȺѪߺãȭͷСһʮɸߵľ޴ʯԳͬҳ֮ҵĵңҵˣûۣʱڣôֻ֪ѪߺħѪһ˲ҵѪߺõٶȣڳˣûܹ׷ϣ
粽ۣҲ޲
䷢̫죬Χʿ˿̲Żعɸɫӡ
һ麣ɢޣսҲ߾ȻһﶥԪʿתָ֮䣬ȡħԴ
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׵Ľǣֲһ壬оһˤҵµūѣ׳棬ٶȾ죬ʵûжս˿̱ʯԳǱҿֲһʱȫ̱ھʯԳͷϣ
֨֨֨֨
ھʯԳ֮Уƺ֨֨ҽ֮ʯԳͷûعĽǣһһѪ


187 ׻
Ǵ˿̣ǿ־壬ɽħ˿ƺ׾ˣǿֲľսħڣѪߺѾܳѪ磡

˫ͨ죬һһھѪūѵϡ
ߴ
һĳūѵôʱһʢ΢Ȼ伱ٶȸǱǣٶȣһͫȻһ
һжˣ
нٺϲûûл⿴һ޴ĺӰһ㣬ѹľ޴ѹūҡڣ֮ͬеһҶۣƮҡ

ۣ
ֻüһҽУ۵һūһ𣬱һĩ
һͫ׽ǿǾʯԳδֻһ˫һľ޴ƻѹȥ
ѹȥֻ˸йϵĸܣʵʯԳٶȼ죬ūѵٶȣûǾ޴Ƶ֣ͬ˳汳ϵĽǣһͬǾʯԳĳ⽴ͬһ㣡
˿̣ˣǾʯԳֻ֮ң롣ǾʯԳֻ賤һ졣ɹ
䡭
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Ҳ˲书ǾʯԳѾվʮɸߵĿգ˾޴ѹȸУֻԳ˫ϥ֫׳ǽһʯʽṹ֮УѪѪ⣡
𣡡
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ħƺϹħرԳľѪΣǳҡڣԺУȴ
رԳ𣿡Ǿ޴ľʯԳо΢ܾЩԣʯԳȻƶʢǣܸоǿиɵĸоȻ۶쳣
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֣׻棬
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ʱһɽղϢ
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УԼĺص
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ף
ܵ˵ƣ΢΢ףһ˵кͽˣһ˲ȴҡҡͷһӣʱһڰľ޴󳤵Х˵кͽȥ
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ۣ
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һֲ˹
½ü½׻ɱ¾λߵһУǿĲһǰ㣬һУ㽫˵кͽ˴䳾
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ֲ²⣬˵еĿУѾõ֤ʵ
ִڣڳ֮ϣܹǣ

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ҪȥˮɫȻ
˿̣ǰ׻ѾʯԳսϣӿֲĳǲһˣ
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𣡡
˹ֻǾʯԳһ֮УȻʺѪһʱ䣬ȻͬѪ꣡
׻ؼХ꣡
⻢Х꣬깥ؼǾʯԳһʱҡڣѪ
׻״ɫЦʢħոճȻΪǣʶûü٣ôż˵Ķ֣һ֮ţò˶ãͷħ壬ˣ
ֻҪɹԪʮأħ֮壬ʮ֮ڣģ֮
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Ѫռ𵴣
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಻ĺ𣬿ֲĳ䣬ɽ壬ɽʯ߿գ˺ѣһʱ𵴣ƺˣ
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ϹħرԳŭ֮ʱѵؾ죡
ֻǴرԳŭ֮䣬ζȻǣ˲书Ǵһ࣬Ѫһ˫ʯһʯƣսҵİ׻ͽһȥ


188 鷨
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׻ͽһ״ɫһ䣬ͬʱһȣĬģǿֲľкȻת򣬷ֱʯһľʯԳƣ
һľҪʵˣǵΪҲһùӳԡ
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ɽʯ䣬СһзݴССıʯмۿɼģʯԳʯۣڿٱ⣡
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һߣڹʯԳһֻƵİ׻״ɫ䣬һȣ˾ʯԳֱۣѪ⣬һȥ
ۼħһޱ۱Ҫˣ׻ɱͷħԤôܹƻ
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ǰ׻İ׻ƣ
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׻ϣǰ׻ͬһ㡣ȻʼѪ

׻йâʢһǿ֮ƿʼ
ʲô
ڻʯԳĽһ״ͫһ׻棬Ȼڰ׻ƣҪԱ
׻ƣɲͬԻ׻ƣİȥڵİ׻Ѫ׻Ѫ壬԰׻״̬Ȼ˶ãͷȻ׼עһˣ
׻ƿǣ׻ư壬Ѫ磬һɫ䣬ȫ䱸˶ûע⵽ѾľʯԳϵľʯȻڼٱ䣡
ǾʯԳĶǸλãһȻ֣һ˸ߣ۵ֳӰƳһۿеİ׻ͽһһʹߣ
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ʱһЦ𣬻δ䣬ֻԾʯԳΪģһֶȻɢ˲ַԲʮﷶΧ
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׻Ȼֹֻİ׻ٴθ壬һ˲ݹ᾵ӣôֱֱȥ
һͬˣμ׹䣡
Զκɫ䣬оԪȻʧһ㣬׹գ
ԶսˣҲֻһأȻһԪôʧˣһֻŷڣ
Ҫţǽ鷨󣡡ˮɫȻ˵
һĽ鷨ǸȦףԣɫ䣬
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ģʦ֣ôģȻϲ㷢οֻУǹɵ֮ɫȴôҲڸǲȥ
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һɫһ䣬оǿķȻʧʧȥӦеβȣʱ׹䣬ֻɫһһǾʯԳϣֹס׹ΣžʯԳӣȥ

һߣǰ׻һ𣬺һڵϣ֮ϣʱһСӣ
ĺУǲ벻ţۼħ֮Ҫ֣쾹ȻһЦȻɱһҧ𣬾Ͳ˽鷨󣬴ͷβ˼ҵ֮У
ѵһеͷһգ
׻ǲʣһ˲ѪһһӣʼٸߣȻǽ鷨һ飬ؽһʧȥԪʼٸߣҲ⣬ˣ㻹лᣡ
׻뵽оⱬ

ͬʱʮ֮⡣м⻪˵ؼٶ

Ϊһ˷鷨ķΧʱʧһУ׹У
漸˼״ɫ΢䣬ʱֹסΣǼ׷۵Ӱ˿̣üͷ壬ǰ
ߣĵͦ죡
ɫһ䣬Ťͷм⼱ٶֹԶ׷ͣ
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ףǽ鷨󣡡Ϊ֮΢΢ףһ˲ż׷۵ӰЦҪʧˣλ档Ҳ˼ҵˣ
ߣ鷨󣡲ҪˣɱǵĴ硣ӲĶ࣡׷УΨһһ䡣ԡ

鷨룬˿̡ǾʯԳѾС룬˫۶ʧֻʣظһµĲ֣һʱоʯ䣡
ʯԳľ֮ϣ˿̣һɫһڹͷڹǵһ߱ͷľʯһʯԳĶǸλñȥʱЦ
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׻׷ɣȴʹʯԳĴȴֻ֪ʱһƬɸӰһոʱִɵ𣬾Ȼûͷڰ׻һţһ˲ֻɫһǲߺޣ
ΪʲôûΪʲôҪҵȥ·ӵħ֮׻еѪ
߳һŵģȻȴˤ˾ʯԳϣƹ档
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ֻ˵кͽˣ䳾شУԶ䣬ȻϢ΢ǣû֮ǣҲ˿
ոһֵĲ֮£ԪʶƺȻ䶼ʧˣҺڣƣ
뵽İ׻棬۽ֱ飬ոһţҲǣǰ׻ȻϿѣ֮ϣһ춼ûëû˵һ


189 ׻
Ƥֱȳǽ񣡡
һ䣬һԾ׻׹ķȥ
һзļ죬ʯԳǸ֮ϣǸ󶴵ĶλãǺƺһžˣһֽУ붴УʱɽʯɣǺ˲书򣬱ӾʯԳıһֱⱼӶȥ
ߣ
ڹ״һȣͬ׷ȥ
ʯԳıϣһɫһս׷ȥ
ħϷģ
ϣһСӵİ׻״һȣݹ᾵ӣǿٶȣ׷ȥ
ܵĻͦ죡
һۿһԶ˵кͽˣȷû֮ǣɸߵĿһ֮䣬ͬһ㣬׻׷ȥٶȣҲǼġ
ǣȺɽ֮Уһһ˸ߺһȣ·񱼣󣬽һģٺ棬һ꣬һͬһİ׷ͣзУٶ죬׷棬һξ޴Ļߡ
ۿɼģ漸ˣΪ׺С˵ľ룡
ߣ
ڹЦһԾ˵ǺСˡ
ħϷģ
׻Խһкȣһűڹ걳ϵĹǣ

һ޺䣬׻һҽУ˿ȥֻǽϣ˿Ѫ죡
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䣡
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شģһȻ죬İ׻棬ʧȥǿķˤƲƵģʵʵ˵£
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˼䣬УȴǳһߵĻɫӣоתǾ֣
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ֻž֣һӱ˰׻ͷϣȻһֽ

ŭѵİ׻棬˿̣ڷһҺ


190 ɱն
ֻ׻Ķͷϣ˿̣һѪڣѪ硣
Ʒ֣ڹư׻Ľ
ȴͫһΪֻѪڣۿɼٶϣ
ͷǰֻ̤ײĵϻɿݵԪܾǿʢи̾У׻Ȼɱ񣬵ǣǴĿԪܣȴľ
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˽£׻ͷ­òѪȴǽ޸ٶȸϲķƻ׻˿̣Һ΢һϢ
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һһаϢֻѪԹһ֮䣬Ӱ׻ͷ­Ѫ˽ȥ
鷨һзԪѪԹѪԹɷɣ˵ħһ֣ħڽ鷨ĽƷΧڣ
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ѪԹ壬ǱȻһϢİ׻棬ͻȻ䱬ĲҺֻĲ԰Ƥ֮£ƺһڿҴܣˣ
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ͬʱŵ֮Уǰ׻ɱĺɱɫһһ䣬һڵĳУ
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ɱһ֣һǿѪаϢ𣬿Уƺ˻𣬶ħХ֮Ѿ羵գ˿ƺһ㱡Ѫۣ
Ǳҡҡ׹Ľ鷨󣬱ɱϢһ𣬺Ȼ飡
ֻʶȻָһʱƴʢ
ǣû˹˼ɵϸĻָΪУǱڳ˿̵Ϣ̫̫ǿˣͬһֻѵĶħ
ħ巨а
ڹоһѸһԡ

УǱʤȯյİ׻ϣ˿ɫ䣬ɫȻǿƺȻڵѪԹ⣡
ۣ
׵壬ɴѪУȴѪţɫɱħХ͵һǰ׻ϵĲ֮һն
ǿƸȻֹֻ׻ɫȻ۲֮ɫĲ֮ϣһѪ߻֣һ˲۵һ׷룬Ѫδ㱻ɱɣɫɱѪ֮ɫѸһɸѪϢ𣬽еѪƣ
˿̣˫ĿѪ죬ŤͷѾӽһڰ׻ϣѪĿ֮Уɱ
죡жϵħˣʱʶУеĽк


191 ޼䣡ۣ
ʱ˫ĿѪ죬ϣһɱһƳѪѪа졣
һȣһѹʱǵȶ½׻ϰ׻Իһڰĳ˲ɣ
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ڽ֣ƶһ׵Ľͬɫ棬ڰ׳ȥ

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䣡
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ʼٸߵ½׻˿̣ЦУһնɱԷֻϧƸӣܲӣߣúĥܣ
ΣĹͷ󣬾һɫХһӱ㿳˺ڰ׳֮ϣ
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ʲôôܣŴԣһҲ˲ϽһųԵ½׻
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ɫѭ½׻񣬿վڴӲԶڽѪĸߴӰɫһϣа׻Ѫ

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ʵɱ棬һţԪɱ棬ֱЦǴӵ½ϣȷʵ׻ѪӲ֣ҲȻѲ˸ϵץ̿ʱǣ
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Դˣһһߣ»ȥĽ˵У罣򸩳Ĵϳȥ
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ֻУâݺύײݣ𵴣Ȼ֮
Ҳ˲书˵˿ȥڿжŶ
һǽڣ׼ӻӲɣüͷ壬
˭ӵ׻ܹȡ𣡡ϣɫָϵĴϣ
СԣͷͬõЦ쳤ЦоǱ֮ɫЦһĶĹҰ׻壬þã
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ԣһ̤ڽ˿գ俴λϣ
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ð׻ϣʱܹ˵ʱףҪ֣
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ϲģ㿴ʲô
һЦУͻȻһѪͷ­ͷ­һͷϡ׷Ƥ壬ȻѾĿȫǣǣԼܿǰĳ࣡
棡
ϼͷͫ׽һȡɱƶȻ׻Ի񱩵Ƴ
һƳĿȫǵͷ­΢΢һһ˲ܵϿ񱩵Ϣɫһ䣬ϣҪƴˣ
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ʱһֱûдڸеڹ겻֪ʱһסһͬռ䣬ʧһ˲Ѿ֮⣬̤֮䣬Ȼʧ˵Ұ֮У
ϢǵĴͬס˲ӡϵƸȻֹĿ͵Ŀڹʧķ򣬿૵޼䣡ۣ
һ˵꣬ϲɴ˸顣ôһ˲䣬Ļ£Ȼðһϸܵ亹
һͬĪڹεһֱΪһԪĴѡǣոһյı¡ȴǵ۾ıɡ
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ڼİ׻ڳϣ˿̵һûߣһ۰һֶֻܽˣ
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ոջŵգһ۵Ĵ壬˿̣һʱš
ɱҪСӣΣһȣɱ
һԣһûжԡ
˸ɢȥᡣ

׻ɽĳռͻȻһһ˲ӰͬԽռ䣬Ȼ֡
ˣȻڹ˿̣Ѿ
޼䣬Ǵ۵ͣ˿̣Ժ֮Уڻص
ǰۣڹͣ˿ڿˮһȣʵ
Сѡ㻹ڣϹˣڹԣûлشֻƣһƨڵϣдֱ϶
⡭۵Ӱɡ״и̣δˣҲһۣųƣ˦ڹ꼸ʮ֣ڵϴ꣬һۣ
һʱˡ
ţȴǹһ񣬵лǰ֮
һײѣңϹҲֻһ飬ѧ٣ı£ڹ˰֣˵꣬һԣ˵ǰ׻壬ʲôޣ
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ԣҡҡͷ
Ҫ˵׻壬ʵ˵ʲôޣɱģڰ׻ţһҵһϣ˵еĸܸ
ָ߸ϣԵãݽ̬˼֮ŻΪһǿߣȻѹͨˣԾӣѹƣȺΪ壡
˵Ҳã˵αҲգ飬ǿߵġ
̬½룬ȻΪ棬Ҳɱ䣬Ҳݽ棬ǣΪԽߣֳǿСıԣȴᶯҡ
׻ˣҪͬǣһϣҲ⣬췭ظ
أңڣҲãڹԣ΢΢һЦͷδ䣬УѾһ͵ĺ


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192 ħԴ
ɫһСˣǴӾʯԳֻǴ˿̣˫ĿֱͣǱڹסˡ
⵽ʲôôоһͷħ
ɻʵǰⶫǣ
ħڹٺһЦŰ˸ߵĺСˣ
ԣɫȴɻħͷʯԳʲôߵϢȻ죬ǾʯԳǴħǰģȴˮϢңƺĺڤˮϢа˷ơ
ƺɻڹٺһЦǾʯԳҲħ
ͷħԣʱˣһͷħǣôֻһ٣
һͷħڹҡҡͷ
ǰֱ˵ɣ⵽ô£״˷ۣεͷڹ꣬·ʱͦ죬˵ȴƣ
Ǻǣã˵˵Ĺ֮ʱڤرԳ̹սҰرѣѪơ
Ĺ֮ʱʲôʱ򣬹ǰǸʱˡԡһ棬ʵ
Ĺ֮ʱس£ϹǵȸԵⶼǡĹżǡϼصģϹ겻ҿ۶ѡϻͷڹԾɲп
ʱȴǴΪ𶯣سħߵǱǻĹһʱʱ֮䡣棬дͨԪƳֻʱĳУħҲʧˡ
𺳣ڹɲ˵
ݡĹżǡأĹʱڡһħ֮ңħವֳɣһԳΪһɣȴΪħħսݡرѣ
һħ֮ңħѣһƬ硣ʱҲС飬ⳡս˾ųɣ֮䣬Ұħȥʹͨطֳ磬һ磬Ϊ磬һ磬Ϊħ磡
ħ֮Һؼħţ֪٣ħ֮ңҲǻĹʱڵĽĹ֮󣬱ϹţǿϹħʵӦýлĹħ
Ϲ֮أ񣬼ڹͣ£Ͻ׷ʵ
Ϲ겻˵ǡĹżǡصǻĹʱڣ֮£֪ڹԣǺһЦҡҡͷʱϹ껹֪ģϹ֮󣬱Զţٵţ
ڹ˵꣬ȴǿ˵ʵһС֮壬Ϲʱڣʵ䵱ʳ
üͷһ壬ڹǺһЦǣ壬ȴϹǿ壡ħѪɾͨ컯漣
Ѳ⣬壬ҲΪӵɣ˼
ڹԣһ𣬾ĿһЩпеСѵǡǺǣЩӡ
ڹۣ֮һЦ
ӣ˸ӣγӣħܼ򵥵ɣӲӣҾңֻң
գУų貵Ĺâһʱ䣬ƺ񣬶һʶȹ̡
ڹ꿴ɫЩ𶯣壬ȻҲǿһ壡
ǺڤʹرԳ̹ǷħӪģеĹâһţһ˲ȴǿڹеĺСˣʵ
ߣһһħǺڤħ֮Ӫڹ˵ͷеĺСˣһ
ڤħԣȴ΢΢һ㶣ġڤ淨űǴͨ߹Ħڤ޳ɵڤԪȻǣǣȴǺڣûһħ幦
˭㣬ħһѪаĹڹ飬ƺµ룬һЦĹ֮ʱħʲôͨħûΨһ𣬱ͬᳫ˳ӦأħΨӶһУɾ
ӶһУɾڣǸɵ𣿡ԣȴɻˣ½ôãŵ֮ˣĸǴӶԴɾѵǶħĺᡣ
ǺǣֻǻĹʱڵˣڣ˭֪ءڹȴȻһЦħ֮ħ糹׸ֽȻ෴磬ݻĹȻ˾޴󷴲Բǽͳħ幦ͳѭ򽥽ˮɣħ幦ٳɣӶԳȱݣٶȼ죬˭˭ӣûжۡ
գΪȻĲͬ繦ͬĿȴһģΪ˳ѣ
뵽ȴɫһǰô˵ħ磬ǰԲ½ħ磬磬ǲ½
ǺǣӿɽҲˣħĳνϮ񣬶磬ΪҵĴսرħŴδģ֣νˣĲ½
ħΪֲ½գȴɻԹ޷ΪԴ棬ħֲ½ѵΪԴǣ籾һ磬ԴӦò𲻴ǡ
ǺǣԴڹǺһЦʣ͵ħΪӶ֮УԴľӣԲŻַ½յ硣ʵʱƣԴĺãħ磬ͲĹʱڵĻԻͣ
Ĺ֮󼸸ʷʱڵĿʼսᣬʵħĴսڹ˵꣬һζĪ˵壬ʵһ壬ڽ֮ǰԶźڣһ򣬱ǰħһս֮ʱ
չİԣͨ飬İ壬Աħĺᣬ֮أΪǿ壬ֻֽܹǰʢʱڣֻƺûʲôչںˡ
ڹƺп˿̣ɫӡ
˵ô࣬ǰ㻹ûң⣬ô£ȴǹħԴ飬˿ָ̣ڹָŵĺСˣһɻ󣬼ȻһͷħôǾʯԳ֮⣬ȻһϢĹֶ
СˣȻ˵СˣǸ˿ɲ񣬳ͷɵǣС˵ٿˣֽҲ֣צӡ
սʱ򻹲ã˿̣СʧȥʶϣȻԼһ϶
ǺǣĹżǡϼأڤرԳ̹սҰѪƣϹ꿼֤⡮Ұİ׻ɽһһϹҲµû
ڹ껺ԣΪԵãһ˲ȴһתǣϹǣ˵أȻҲдرԳ̹ľѪ
ǰ˼ǡԣ˼
ڹоһеĺСˣ카һ壡


193 ħԴ
²õ֤ʵ𺳲ѣعȻ컯棬ȻĴڡ
Ϲ²⣬ǾʯԳֻǱɽٵİӶѣֻϧħȻȹ٣ȴûй˽٣ڹ꿴еĺСˣ̾
ԣɫһֲþʯԳǿиɣΪǴֻǣʯԳǰӣϹеĺСȻûԵĲĵĴرԳľѪȥˣѲɣǾʯԳ֮У
뵽һۣǰȻ©ˣ
룬Ǳһ˿ϣڹ꣬ǰǴرԳľѪںδ
ŶСҪرԳľѪڹԣ΢΢һ㶣´ɫһѵΪ裿
ԣҲûֻͣһϣĿڹꡣͬʱų
ƴͷһ˫۾һãոһս۵ĲУոջϢأͱ˸Ū˳
ȻСѺ컯ڹɫһпһ˲ȴǻһתֻ˵ᡣѪǿرԳľѪãǣãòҪںѪȻѪͻЩòʧˡ
ڹ˵꣬ǹһȻǺСڣһʺѪΣѪΣƺɢĿɫâ֮УѪ֮УƺһصľԳ̤أͷ졣ȭأŭһ̫źĵ
ǻĹħرԳľѪʯԳıԴϹѾϢ֮ʱǧҸյڡߣħ֮ǿʿڹ겻ĸ룬Ѫݸ
лǰͣӹѪѹеļһ
룬رԳľѪãڹ˰֣еĺСˣȴǾһ
ֻеĺСһףͷһһţʱƺһǺСˣȻСֱûڹС
һ飬ҵĸԹԣһͷħôڹˣһжԵôƵ
ӦÿԻָڹҰҰ죬һ䣬СѣϹҪⲣʹ˱
˵꣬һ̤գҪȥ
ȵȣǰ֪ǰ֪ػ䣡
ڹҪߣɫһϽʵϴΪ߲ûüʣؿɲˣ˱֮Ҳ֪ûټĻᡣ
ػڹУĿһһ˲ǵϹ֮ʧƺʧˣ
ȻȻ׼ǣϢǲЩʧ
˵ػϹʱΪУϡУɢģûУڹվգƺ޾ĸп̧ͷ죬ϹǵãĻһ壬ƺõһöػĻۣһʵ뱾൱ǿǾƾ
δ䣬ڹһ̤޼䣬ȻԶȥ
һ壿ԣɫһ⻢һ壬ǻСͻŮǻһġ
ˣڹ꣬ÿֲ
ڹˣͷһУ̴ż־֡оڹϣƺһѹ
Ҳ֪ڹ굽ǲۡ
ԣȴҡҡͷһɻ˵޼䣬ǵ۾ֶΣǣڹºŴҲαװġ
ɺڤѪħڹ꣬ѵǶʧҪ㣿˵֮ʱڹϢƺ˺ܶ࣬˵ĸоͬ޵ɲȡ
ˣΪǸ
ΣҡҡͷĿȴǿеħԴоֻҪںرԳľѪ㼯ˣʹ֮ǿԽҪǣѭΪٴαǣ˵ͻ
˼䣬ħԴ׻ɽпһʱʹϢ㲻й¶
չһ׼׵УϥǰħԴ
ڹķܼ򵥣ʶת˲ɽ⡣
𣡡
һ⣬ƺһ޺ѪɫħԴͻȻƹ֮еķ£ʱʯɫĹâһɿֺصϢɢУƺһԳ̤أͷ죬ȭգѪۿ񱩣ŭ
ҲΣ
һߣʹ鷨ʱǰһɫԪͷ֣ǳԪ
ľҪóԪħԴ
ֻɫͷһţʱһʱͬٴһ󣬷׷׻֮УͬħԴ
ħԴ壬𣬲ͬǰںºͣħԴȻһɿ񱩵־һ壬ʶȥ
̬һͷصĴرԳֻԳëɽ˫ĿѪ죬Ȯһʶĳȥ
ܣȻǿ˹
ʶо̾ĥ𣬵ǱܣȻǿǳħпǺڤѪرԳľѪ֮УǻδɣˣȴħֻǻĹħʧܲ׺񱩵־ĥ
ʶУǴرԳأ񱩲ѣһȭ걾Դ
ߣ
һߣһһͷɫʨӱڶʨ󣬺ȻǴرԳ
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һǴرԳȻ飡
ǣȴɣΪǱ鴦رԳۿɼٶȻָ˲书ٴγͣŭ
䡭
ǣʶУ֮ǴرԳֺϣ飬ѭ
Ĺħ־ȥǰ취ʶУ
һƣ֪ܲⲻǰ취ǴرԳͬճƤǣ˦˦ȥرԳû֮ǵúľɡ
Ҫһζƻܣ
򣿡ԣ˫ĿѪ죬ŭĴرԳɫһ䣬ʨĽɫʨӾɢ
ϰȥǾ޴ĴرԳŭ
ɣ
״ǵû㣬ȭȥһ֮䣬ɽ޴
䣡
һ޴ȭͷȻײһ˲֮رԳⲫ

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ŭŭ𺳣ʼ֮ʱܱ侲սⱩԳӰ죬УѪ֮ɫʼɢܸܵرԳ־
㱼䣬ƺһ磬ɽƺ컹ߣľִһǿס䣬޳㣬УϣУĴھһ;
һ˲ת䣬˻˱ǿɱѪȾ˴غƺȾһѪɫ֮Уɽ嵹رѣ½ռ飬췭ظ޾սⷽ磡


194 ս긽
оԼƺһͷɽһıԳ̤أȭ죡
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ԶУһͷɽһľ޴ɫѶһɾĺڤһƺХ
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ŭŭ˷ܣڣһһսĶ֣
һսѣسɺ½飬ط
𣡡
ʶУǴرԳѾʧɽ˫ĿѪ죬ŭ
һͷرԳأ˫۹ϥŭ
ֲ԰У¶һ˿΢ЦУһ˿֮ɫ
ҵĸԹԣǸɶˣϢ˹һԣһ𺳣ͨԼܵƣһ
ʶУһŭ𣬻ת󣬴رԳɢ
ɻĿһʶռ䣬ǴرԳȻոƺ˴رԳƬΣأħ֮ս𺳲ѣǡ⵽ô£
⵽ô£
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ս긽壿΢΢һ㶣ɻ
Ĺħ־ս棬ڣܹս꣬ս
ԣɫһʵѵǴ˵еħУ
ԣһ˲Ҳ㴫еһְɣս긽壬һܹе˵ģԾˣ츳ʿſɣ
ðɣħԴ˵
ԡһ˳ʶȻʣǡڣʱڡħԴٿ˿̣˳ˡ
˵ʵһвϢ֮䷢ģϥ붨֮С
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֮ǽڶۣǧ겻֮ţս죬ѹһ
֮󣬱ĽܣԪ죬漮ԶĸϣȰɽ£ȥ븡塣
ٺ棬ڻڼĻԻսṲ̊ӣɽڴڻ棬ܻϣСսķң
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룬һŮ罣
ʦֶʦɺã֮ϣɽũϵǺһЦʺ
ŮӣȻǽڵĽģ߽֮УΨһŮӡ
ʦչѾáԣһӦһ䣬ӴͳһƤ飬ֱӵǱս񣬻ɽũ˹Ŀ
áɽũ˼Ƥ飬оһ˹ȥǺһЦеʦֶ·;ңԶ࣬ɽЪϢһޡ
ˣ٣ĻҪȥ𴦷ַս񣬻ҡҡͷһ񣬾ֱȥ
⽣ڵӣȻУոսս͵ˡһ׷İһֿ̾ɽũеƤ飬üͷ΢壬Ŵ˽ڻ䲻ͬ嶼ˣҲ֪ɽڵĵӣΣ
ڴˣܹϳλߣǽŵĺˡ
ԣһĿɽũˡ
Ǻǣ˽ڻ䣬ӣλ׼ȽϺãɽũ˺ǺһЦƤ飬һ˲ȴͫһɫ𶯣ǿƲܿһ㣬
ڷϼ״ǵϲŭɫôˡսϣʲô˴ķӦ
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˵꣬㽫ս˹ȥ
ڴˡϳߣǴԣصˡ
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һԣһ棬ƳеսսסԪ죬漮ԶĸϡȰɽ£󡭡
ʼ֮ʱ˻һ𺳣ԪİףûУսöô찡ɽΣɫһһ˲ȴɫ𶯣ͫ׽
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˲֮󣬴֮ڣȻ˾ۡ
ôܣѾ𣿡
ûҲûİôܵս׵λˣ
ѵǲˣ

ˣ벻ǣȻһл֪ɽũɫ䣬˼룬ֻǵλɿˣڵۣ
ǧ겻֮ţս죬ѹһг
ţʧۣ֮ʧţܹһ
ߣѳʵˮ𣡡˴лعɽũˣһȻʵӣв뾡ȥ
ԣɫһ𣬷׷׿ɽũˡ
ɽڣǰͨں׷ɱƺӽĪĳԹǿ֮󣬿»ǰ
ҪˣڿǸ洫ˣѵҪ֮Ĵսԣɫһ𣬼
ߣˣǸڣѾڣкξ֮һ˵ŵģ
㡭ԣɫһʹ
ˣݺ飡ɽũɫĪ⣬˻֣λɢ˰ɣ
֮Уɫ죬˶ȥ

콣ǣңһ˾
λʹ˱һڵӣ˸սУֻûŽǰʮǿޣʮһ
⺺ԸˬҲΪ⣬˿̣ȻȻʦãָ󣬲µģٹ꣬Ƕؾʱ򣬵ʱپۣǣ
˵꣬һ֣Ƕȥ
Ȼ㣬㲻ȥ𣿡лʵ
ţҸʦ˵¡Ȼ΢΢һЦ̵㷢һԵл
Сʵһֱ콣ջУǼһԴӺȪ֮󣬱һֱڳ˯Ѿˣûһļ
Сû޷УԣȻʱ߲ˣǰ˳ڣᵽң
õģʦ㣡л˵ͷ̣Ƕȥ
ɽˣһǰ㻤εڻˣֻǿܻ֪ΪֹڣΪڻһ콣ء


195 Ϊʧ
λʹ˱һڵӣ˸սУֻûŽǰʮǿޣʮһ
⺺ԸˬҲΪ⣬˿̣Ȼһʱ䣬Ƕؾʱ򣬵ʱپۣǣ
˵꣬һ֣Ƕȥ
Ȼ㣬㲻ȥ𣿡лʵ
ţҸʦ˵¡Ȼ΢΢һЦ̵㷢һԵл
Сʵһֱ콣ջУǼһԴӺȪ֮󣬱һֱڳ˯Ѿˣûһļ
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ѹʱǵȴ˥ԽԽǿ
ϵħ΢УͻȻ
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ɫһĴָʱһɫХڴ֮µĵϣһһĵۡ
һڴţܴ˾ţ׷׺ˡ

һɱȻҪͨˣûˣ
Ȼȣ̫С˫΢УԸ̾Ҫñ֪ԪΪ˴ս˼غϺȻˣرǶֻ½׻Ĵһκ䶯
ڣԪڿٻָƣΪԪ֮УҲ޷һԪܣոշµģһöԪܵԪ
ԪָƼ죬Ƭ̹ڵƱָĲˣҲվ׼粽ۣ۹Ƴĳȴɫһͣ˶


203 ţ
ֻţ棬һͷС˸ߵţŴۣĴϵĲ֮͡
ƳţɫһţС˸ߣβǻû׳ֻͷ¶İֻ֮УǺɻرǣţĶͷһѪɫƣţϣһɵ
Сһòǡһ˼
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ǺǣԻѪȫĺӣ㣬Ҳǳ״һֱһԾһ棬ǰһĸӡʶ
ţȵʱǿ٣ƺͻԪıԵ
л֮ţУȴһŮ
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˵꣬Ƭ̣ЩԺ˵ɣ㻹ȳȸϰɣ
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״΢΢һЦСţͷϵĹİСһûһĸ׵ҲûдţıظУɰ
ĲָСţһܣƳһеĶţһתһҧס½ǣ
ǡҪȥʲôط
Сţʱ䲻ĲʶſҲֻԼĲµСһ˼
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һеĶţһţӣƺһֱæΧĴţǾηСţȻȺ֮УǿҲܹµ
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СţãߵôԶľ룬ȻǸֵа˼Сţȴͣת䣬ɫȸԾ
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һﱥ̳һһȴǿʼеʯ볬ֲ԰ȻûдãǣĸĸϽ㡢һںȴЩã˷ˡ

Ӧ죬˸ãǬƺһڶͣʯ顣
СţûЩֶΣһʯ飬ڰѵöССĶӹĵϸߣȴǺȳˡ
ͻһһƬ֮䣬㽫һǧʯ˸ɾ¶صױʯְ׵ʯͷ
ףʲô


205 ˲
صףһףֻʯͷϣǶһƴʯʯͨɫ߲棬ɫİ·
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ˣڵ⣬ҵػԾɲԵ

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207 
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̾˿һһҶͻȻ֣Ʒ粽ۣϢǣЩ˶ô
һɽڵķһ̤ۣƿն
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ˣһһŮеǸߣŮȴһģŮӣŻɫѣһͷ췢ͫҲǻ֮ɫ
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ȸ˵꣬ƳһۺˡչһЦɽڣһλ˵ǲƴֺأ޴أǺǺǡ
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˼״һƳһСеѪɱһһ˲һתȸƿյķƿնȥ

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ƳһһԽעĴҲɣʣ轫ԼϢдȥֶʮ꣬죬ʿ
УʮǴˣʮ죬ʵͨǸǼǱڵӣûһۣʾһ
Ǵһ˷ܣеԭֵҲǵ˰Եͬ硣
һ飬ʮɽǰУǵһץһѣ㲻Եɡ
ӴⲻôҲ֣
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⼸ˣΪ֮Ԫ֮⣬ģǵͽԪΪ
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һ˵ţһŴļЦ֮ɫ


208 
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ոͻȻһͷ׶һͷıϡ

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ܸоȣǵƨ㣡


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㳡ϣ󲿷ˣʮ꣬ʮ֮٣ʹǴˣʮ죬ҲܲˣܿõڵƷ
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ŵǰһֻǣҪεĺۡ
һƽĽûз֮֮һˣҲ˺ôиʱ


209 鷨
ʱ÷ɿ죬һתۣڴ졣
ͷһ죬ȥڵĴõһЩ鼼Ǵǳѿá
죬ĴϤɽŲ󣬵Ҳࡣ۲죬Ԫʿʮˣϴοɽŵʱ򼸺ˡ
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ڵµнˣνʷյһΡ
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ֶ˵ǸˣһΧһɻ󣬴˿̣֮Уʮˣûˡ
Űɡɫ
ʣʮˣǴ˴УߵһȺˣѡξӢûܡ
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ˣһ꣬껡һǸݵߡ°׷ɫĳƮƮһɷǵơ
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ĳ࣬ɫޱ䣬ͫ׽һ
˻ǡǡңϰ壡


Ļɽڵͨϻڳʮ˶˿̣ɷ׷׾֮ɫ
սףս޵еôڵŵӣΪ
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ʦɫ΢䡣
޷껶Ҳȥɣ˰˰֣¶ЦҺλЩҪ̸


210 
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ԣ΢΢һ㶣ǳԤϣѵڣһλǿĴڣ˵ʦ

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Сѣʯ֮ڣǴ֮ءվʯ֮ǰСԼȥɣְʯűɣ
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211 ڱ
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212 ΣڵϦ
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ԣҲĿ⿴½׻
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213 Уͼ
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214 Ա
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216 

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217 
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һǵƽ޸пѡ
ߣڻƺһɫѿмеʿôʬ嶼Ź
ֻЩʿÿɱһޣ޵ĵȼۼֵͳͳǬС
ȴɫһɽַ
漴Ҳɫһ׷׿Ǵ
ֻһƬգƳǶ
ǡޣôô࣡޼״ɫɣ
濴ȥʲôƣǺѹѹһƬޡǧɽ
䡭
޻ûӽǳأͻȻƺޱڣԶɽ֡ۿɼģľĻҳӵأͬɳĻһ㣬
޳ôܣ޾
ɫڱˣ״Ǵ޳޳档и߽ԪϢʮɽıԵôôޣ
ܴˣˮɫ΢޳֮£ȶԪʿҲ˵Լܹȫˣ
ڻɫѿ
һԣԲĽͻȻţ󳤽һսڣ
ͬʱ֮С
һһŮһƿƿƿڡʱȴǴ򿪵ġ
ͻȻ䣬ƽĳͻȻʼҾ׷׿ʼ
졣ͷˣŮǸ毺õŮ˿ɫ䣬г
ãȴǸƤԲ԰׵ꡣ˿Ҳɫ΢䣬˲佫ƿסǬС
ˣ޳ϮǶϱ޹ʿֲոƿһӰδЩҵ֮㴫˹
ˣˣԣɫ΢䣬аȴɫҪңȥ
˵꣬ŤͷһԵŮӣʦãϿ֪ͨ
õģʦ֣ǧСģŮԣ˵ͷҪȥ
ˣѾ֪ˣ
ʱһ֮Уһ겻֪֪֣վˣȴ껣
ʦ
ʦ
ŮˣɫһǰλԪʿڣǾĹǣոյĻ˲ƽ
Ů꣬ȻǱ鷨Գ츳ˣǴ𣬶Ůݺ
˰£Ϊڵӡ
ǴΪ̼ңίԳְ֮
һʿһ֮ʵû˿ãһڰԵרᣬľû˸顣
ʵ֤֪Σһ۷ˡ
̼ңСӣһȴĹϽ֮£̶һ룬ǣһ޳ס
ݺȥ¥
껵˵һ䣬¥ȥ
˶һۣ
⡣
һСӾһ𣬿ԶٶķޣɽֱŽ´ص𶯣׷ɫ䡣
ˣǴ޳˫սս
ôܣϴֻС޳ʮɽıԵôޣ
ˣӰɣ
ثӣӣһˣ˭ҲˣһСڳУ˭ӣѵΪһԣȲѣһһͷϮ룬ԡѪɫޣ
һǸոڳбˮŵǸ󺺣˳Ͽ
Ͽ˵ĶԣһСҲڳУҲܺˣ
Ӹƴˣ

ͬ淢
޳Ǽƽ


219 Ƿ
ߣ˴ǣȻûͳһָӣֱһɢɳڻɫȻУȴǼߺ֮ɫ
سǣԪʿѹܲȫˣҲδ֪֮
һ˲ڻɫȴͫһ֮ɫ
˿̣ǷѾңңһ̱Խǽڡ
ϣЩʿ˿̣ȻһóһֽǷޱ˹ȥʱ𽣷׹ˮ
ۡ
಻Щޣ඼ѣʱͬ½һ㣬ް׹䣬Ѫ꣡
ǡͫ׽
˴˿̣ͫһǵǾЩӵзǣ̫ˣȻֻ˽׷ѣһóһʲôʱôֵǮˣ
ƺһԵģˮųµʿɫһ֣Щʿһȫȫӳ
ߣٶ࣬Ҳ಻Щޣڻ濴Զգɫѿ
ֻһ滹СʱԽԽǿңۿɼġ½Ѿǳط񱼶
֪ܳͶ໻ЩˣϿӳһ֣ѪѾȾѪˣǣһˡ
Ͽô졣ˣŲסˣ˵״Ҳࡣ
һޡѾɾ
죡˳ǷأϿߺһҲ˲صʬ壬һˣȥ
ʿ˿̶׷Сϳǽ׼ӭǿӿ½ޣ
ˣǽϣˮԶɫһȻ
ǿϢٱƽǶԪĴ
ֻԶСһͷɫľӥƺ쭶Ƿӥ
ϡһͷ۵ľϬ񱼶𶯣Ϭ
һʮɳĺɫѶٶȼ죬Ǻˮ
һͷë޻磬ļź⣬ǽ
Χͨ޲ҿճһƬ
һƬϣѹѹһȺؿ񱼣ͷģһСľ󣬻һӲëɭź⣬Ǵ
ܳǸߣЩһôˣ
ЩһǶǣûжԪʿ
ϧչأߣڻ£
˵Щûõģôɹ˽ٰɣ

Ͽ˿̣ȴ͵͵Ƴһ۲Զһˡ
ǳˣȭ૵
һûһ򵥣ҪСģˮ֣ѵ
ߣڻɫѿƱܣһԸΪĳǳеģֻǣ˿Уòս
˱󳤽һս
λԶͷЩޣڱǣʱһʵ
ѭȥֻһһһŮ䵽ǽ֮ϣ˹һ
껣г˺ݺ˾ϲ
ˣоˣ

¥֮ϣڶʿȺ鼤ܣոĽŸƺ˲Ϣʧ
껣ڻüͷ΢壬УҲʹйڻ֮ʱΧ
ˮ˼ˣֻ
֣а취Щޣÿ㣡Щ
˿̣޳ǳֻ֮ңˣǵһЩޣ˿ѾʼǽʿҴ⣬׷׻
ʱ䣬޳ٳǣǾΣˡ
޷ȴǲţתͷƽ޳о΢
ŶѾӦ֮ˮ״ɫһʵ
ԣ΢΢һЦ׼
ϣԺ֮顣
ô˼״˼
ˣˣ𣡡˶ʣŤͷ𣬵˵ͷ
ǣʦ
ԣӦδ䣬УȴǳһһĶ
̣ƶ̣ˮ״ͫ΢૵
˶Ǽʶ㲩֮˿̣о֮ɫ
ֻ⣬֮Сʱ䶸
ֻǽ֮ǰɷΧڣһʱƺһšһ˲ڶ޾Ȼͳͳתצݣ׷Եޣ
ǷҲ⣡
һ˲ѪĽ֫ҷɣҺ˺಻Ⱥޣڻɱһʱ䡣ִѪɺӣ
飬ǶźֻͬࡣΪң
һ̣֮䣬ֻʣ޵ɱҺǽ֮ϣһƬţ
ŶŶŶ

һ˲¥֮ϣڶʿѣ
󣡡ˮǲҵ龰ɵૡ
òң޸̾
ɡֻУҲЩ𶯡
ڻȴǿе̡о΢ֻҪọ̃ǿԿΧǵĻ
ƺڻ˼һЦ˽ܣλҵͽܣλǴǳ
λǰһ߿̣һߵ̣ƣµġ
ݺ΢΢ҲԣһŮ״
Ƶģû뵽˵ҽ֮⣬Ҳ裬⻹ôһǰܣе
ͬ𺳣ȴ΢΢һЦƺûˣҲ֪սû
ˮɫӣɫǣô˲Żף
ڻһС˼ɫԽǿ󣬶ɽڣһ裡
ڻ濴һۻ֮еޣЦ껣󣬵סЩް
ֻ֮УͷѾӦ
ҪǽһأȻԣԪȫ
ǻ󣡡֮УˮͬԣᣬǸŮ
ণ
Уӥһ޳һȣһɿ֣
ӥͣ£ӣϬ޴ȴЩ˿̣ȴǱǿ紵βȡ
ǶǶ˿̽ȴɲܻĹƻֻǣǰããһƬҸйֲۣ°˷
ǣӴ򶴣Ǵһȣֻ󣬴˿̾Ȼʼڶ
˿̣󲿷ޣǻӰ죬޷󶥼ͬߣȻֶνÿһͷ
ǽϡ
ˮɫ΢䣬ȻƶģһǴ֮£һƻͻ߽⡣
ߣҪԶ֣ڻһЦ֮ɫ
ȴɫȻ
ǹһ˿Цȵ򶴣
һ˲䶸
ֻУ֮ϣͻȻ֮䣬Ȼεض
໡
ʱƬƬޱ̴ڿУѪ磬Ǹոտʼ򶴵ĴȺûӹˣ̴͸״ҡ
⻹û꣬У𵶳֣ͬһ㣬ޱзʬ
ɱ󣿻ɱϷ󣿡
ˮŤͷ껣ɫ죬ʣǣɫѾ϶


220 ؾ
Ϸ󣡡껵˵ͷʵ˵ǣһķ
ⷨ󣬻һ󣬼ɱһ壬ݷƶɣǰŲɣڣһ
ȡõĳɹ൱
ʱ֮УͨСԪĴͬأΪǿĶ˿ҲǱ
ӥǽһĽ𵶹һҷɣѪ֣ϣͷ޴ڵŪĻͷϵҲᡣ
̣ͬź⣬֮
ŭ
ǽϣȴǿ𣬵𣬷ǰɡ
껴ֻԾǧ򲻿ɸϾɱǵʿҪЩأ
ǣʦԣԥ߶̣һ˲ܵķ󣬻ȥ
ţȥߣݹڸϾɱ껿
ߣڣˣӥһ޳ȶȥ
ߣϬˣϬŤͷߡ˿̣һۡѲ١
ڣˣˮѡѸȥ
𣡡һ𣬻ȥ
ǴһʬССУһƳһȥвϳȥ
Ƭ̹򣬸ոջڵޣߵĸɸɾֻһʬһѪɺӵս
û˷֣Ƿ֮£һͷѪɫսϵѪɷԹ꣡
ˣֵǣռʬ壬ɶǹѫֵ
ԣ죡죡죡
ǽϣڶʿȸԾһ˲սȥʬǬװûǬǬװģųװʬ塣
ʱˮ˻Щ𺳣һǵķڵĻɽǺֲ
ڻɫ粻ϴ˵ڵķ󱻹ơҲ֪޸ûУ
ǹѫֵʲôˮ˼ʵ
ǺǣλŵĹֵеƣ껺ǺһЦ͵
⹦ѫֵµġ
ʵ͹ֵһڳ˶ϡٵĽ֮⣬йֵһ˵ǣǵĹֵԵڵŵӣȴ⣡
˭ֻҪӦĻɵڶһѫֵ
˹ѫֵڶһҪƷ鼼ֲҩӦоУ
ȻѫֵȡЩڱڵӻŻݺܶࡣΪˣڵǣÿ˶ڣ
ֻǣһˣȴҲûпɽţյӡ
ˣڵŵӣ߳٣
ѵ˵⹦ѫֵԶһ鼼ˮԣɫɣʵһ˲ȴԼ˸ɵ⣬ŻὫԼ鼼ţ
֪Ļ䣬ֻ껵˵ͷ
ʲô
ԣȻһе鼼ܹһѵᶯҡŸʲô
ѫֵţܶһ鼼껣ƺôڰڻԣȴǼѣ
˷Ӧ껰ҡͷһԣݺһۣкЦ
˵ʵտʼʱҲԣֱǶҡŸֻϧרԵ飬ΪˣǻһʧԹϾ̫ˣã֮ͬ
Ǵľóʯ޽ǣڵĿ棬һȿգһʱ䣬вٵڶȥǣҲ뷨ڴУ֮Σ
ǰǱˣ
ѫֵţ˴ɢޣǿʼʢֵ룬̶ʱ㲹ڵĿգ
һѫֵǻԴ̶̲һʱ䣬ڴ˿̣ȫʢʱҪԣʮ
ҸֲǣʿĲӿ룬ֲƸĻٶȣԽԽ죡
ĳѾڿ⣡
ʦ·ƣٿʢ״껸пǧȻſйһ»ЩǣǣɷϣڣǰǿĶˣ
ݺͶأƺΥľ㽫Ҳ

ɽš
ǰݷõڶȥ
ǲͬڣƺûж仯ڻΨһСϴαѵɽžɡѾָԭòҪԶ
Ǳǲؾ
֮󣬼˿һʮˮɫһʵ
УƺһؾԶһ鼼ΪԶﴫڿġ
ؾУǿĹʲôȼ棬ǰ·껡
ǺǣؾʮأһضӦһȽס껻ԣǿĹȻ׳Ʒ
ʲôԣ𺳲ѡ
һޱĽˣҲ۽һ顣
ڻԣɫ΢䡣ָʮʵ껣˵ڣ׳ƷؾУ
ԣǰ껡
׳ƷҲûмΪɷССڣȻУ
Ԫʿţ껲ţתͷ΢΢һЦǺǣλ뷨
ڻԣɫ˸ȴûԡ
׷Ҳùѫֵȡˮƽ𺳵ʵ
ϣѫֵ޷ȡģ
˵꣬ż˾ʵɫһתȻڲؾУ㶼ǿԽģ
˵׳ƷԽΪԼˣһ飬һʣҲʳ˼˵˿̣껣УооϲҲ̰
껵˵ͷ
ʲôڻɫһ׷ʵ
껿һڻ棬ܿ棬λУ̰֮ɫʢֻɫ죬ˮɫЩӣУ˾֮⣬ҲһḬ֮̃ɫһš
˷Ӧ۵ף껵ͬȼĹ
ߣڻԣһ㲻ˡ
˵˵ͷˮ˿ԣɫȻ
ͬȼĹһУ
׳Ʒκʿ䱦˭óһ̫ʵˣ
ʵǲ֪ǾŲϵ׷ԻŲµģͬԻֻҪؾûУԻȡͬȼ鼼
ؾͬ磬棬Ըõĸ򹦷鼼Ϊˣڶʿѹѫֵȡ󣬻ỨѴѫֵи򹦷鼼
Сʱ˸һɽȡ
̶ľ֣޷ݣһȻ⡣
ɽ֮УԶԶ磬̶ԣһô֮£һС®Եþ̩Ȼ
һ̾һʥأ
ˮǿʶһ۱ϳ̶֮Եǿôнľ
Ǻǣ˵ôѪԭǹã
ʱһʵǲ®飬򿪣һºڷĺ껺


221 

껹һ񣬵
֣û񶼹Ϊһ֮޹Цһ
˹˹֣оһȴǲɫ
ˮɫӣһûжԡ
ڻޱ飬һ

®֮У˳õĳš
ɫо˸ոռ˸˵⣬μӶĻ䡣
붫ؾ£ԶᣬӼҡ
壬ħſ׷򣬿ʼڵӽа壬̬һ
ΪˣǣжĻ䣡
֮ѡǣΪؾڣڴ˵أ
壬壬ͨʵ̫ԣȻ뵽
ٳûзӦڻȳԣϣöЩˣģ
ڻ̬ȣΪ⣬ֻһЦΣܹڲɣ
ڻԣ˫΢У˵ʵ֪ڵķжǡǱɿһߣ
ССɣɽ󡣿治ԪʿܹƵģ
֣ĳҲᣬֻ˼Ҷˣڵδ棬οڲᣬؾʱ򣬶Էᣬˡڱһ޼״ԡ
޻δ䣬ڻ伥ٴ𣺡սףΪ˸ССɵͷͷϧͷڹɣ֪ĸĸɶ壬ǹ尡
¡®֮Уٴţһɱ֮⻺
˫΢Уɱһڻ棬֪ߵġȷ˵ĲӬ
ӽʼڻһֱ䳰ȷƽϣǡڣĵߣ
ĸߣɱ
ߣڻҪ༥δڣͫȴȻһΪ棬ɱһĴָȻٶ죡
ڻһԷϣȻʼûԪֻһĴָǿ
뵽ڻһ𣬶ʱ߷Χڣƺһеµĵӣ˲ɻң
ؼԪ
ڻЦĵؼԪ˵Ѫ֮ǽҲ˲ɻңԪãȻһָǳȻˣһ첲
뵽֮УɫԪ֮пγɣͬһ㡣
ԴˣɫһָͷԪ
ɫһ䡣
˵ʱʱ죬Ĵָ˲ؼԪ֮Уһ˲ڻͫ׽
ΪԪ֮Уƺײɽһ㣬˲飬ؼԪ˲䱻һն
ۣ
һ˲Ĵָڻ֮ϣ۵һۿɼģ˲ݣڻ汾ˣһɽײһ㣬Ʋһ㱻ɳȥƲ®һײԶɽ֮ϣǶ˽ȥ
һ·֮ϣѪ
ʼգڻûзһ죬Ϊȥһ˲βȫв
˿̣ǶɽϣȫҲ֪˶٣һϢ
®У˼΢С£˵ľջ֣ˣһºǼ
ɱˮͫ׽ոûиܵһ˿Ԫڻôһָˣ
ԣףһЦȵüʱܻȵûûƺȣ
ԣ˸ûƺһսʲô̶Ȱ
뵽޸ڻǶɽ¶ȥͬΪڵӣɲܼȣ
ҵŬ˱󳤽սȴأѹסе
һָҲס
˷ӦҲûͣһ֮󣬱ͱˣлޱһϢڻ档
ڻ澭һ֮ǱסˣˣҪ൱ʱ䣬ңһָɲУһ̫
Ժڻеˣ
ջԳ֮ܣ̫Ȼûôֲ֮СȴԴһ̫
һ룬ɲоʮɽ֮Уڶ࣬ټùѫֵʬ壬ͳͳѪ
һŬĻĹħջԳ΢ѾʮţҲ˵Ĵָʮ
ң֮ǰԤϲͬħ΢Խ棬ɵٶԽ죬Ϊԭȵħ΢ÿʱÿ̶ͬΧ΢
ԤԽħ΢ɵٶԽ죬ֻҪĵѪ⾫ҲԽԽֲ
ɴˡɸ̾ϹʱЩħ֮ǣ룬гǧħ΢һԾѣöôֲ
뵽Ĵָ૵һԾѳǧħ΢¹ƾշѹˣ
δ䣬ԣ֣𣺡̫ˣ
ħ֮ע޵УǣԶȴǶ̰壬˸ȡʤ
ңһԾѳǧħ΢ô΢ѣѪ⾫̫࣬ɣĽֻ˲䱻ɸʬ
ϹʱڣЩţѵһ˲ᱻ󲿷ħ΢֮
Ƚ΢ħ΢ٶѪҲ࣡
˵ô࣬Ҳֻ쳤̾·
̾һȴ˼ոûеһʱӦȥǣΪķ֮˹ؼʱ̡
һ룬󲿷ֵʱ䣬о˽գ˸뷨֣ʮö벻ľˮи
ȫԣľˮΪĸ
Ϊʱ㣬û뵽ͻȻðĻ䣬ңڻԲ飬ϣöħ壬
һʱ䣬֪ܲܳɹǣҲֻץʱˣ
ڴ֮ǰһҪ졣
®֮У껣ݺ
һǵ֮٣Ѿ㹻зˣҲϻżɽĻصڴ֮С
ԣһ
·ֻߵʮĿ𣿡ݺЩţʵ
ʵ֮󣬱ڲһ·
·а˾֮ʮڣ
˵Ϲһ׷ܹ˿ʱģģ֮Ŀǰ·ֻڵӿš
ʼ֮ʱŵӣ·ģߣһɰʸ񣬽Ϊŵӡ
ˣʮţ뱻ֻˡУ˳ߣ뿪ţʣˣ˸߽ӣȺͻĹؿֻΪָܻŵݣ
֮ڣ߼¼ߣ껣ʮ߲ţǴʮ岽ݺʮ
֮⣬ڵӣһܹͻʮ


222 
һЦİɣǶ츳·Уֻ߹ʮԴз
ߵǰϥ붨
񣬲Ҫ
Σ붨һȣ˸ƺһεֻһһ˲һǿ磡
ʵǸԵ磡
ǽʮöӰͶǵ֮У
磬ֻ®У˴˫Ŀ
ӡ֮ѾǣڣʮöУҵԼģƺһħʱ쳹ǵ磬֮Уɫһ𣬲ҵ׷Ѱ
νѰңҵԼоУһ۱ķͨЩԺйء
˴в죬һڳֲ԰Уϥ˲Ϣ붨
һ¹ҪԪɷ٣ԼҲûףϾǵһ֮
Уһɫ򾲾Ϊ
ܷſˮԪ𣿡΢΢üʵ
ϵԪѾһ𡣲ӲǷſһ˿ģҲֻǾһϵԪһ˲ȷҪſ𣿡
һţ
䣬ֻУɫͻȻѿһϸ졣һ˲ɫԪӿ
ߣ
𣬲һƺߣѪ⵽˻ͻԪɡ
磬ɫһţһ˲һɺƴڤڤ˿ѷ죬˲պϡ
üͷһ壬Ϊպϵ˲䡣ɫ֮УȻͻȻһҪϵԪȥ
һ㡣ǰܹ뵤ԪֻҪԣᱻɡ
ʱ䲻ࡣֻһ֣
ͷԺһţһ˲ʶƺɫԪڱɵԪת֮
׼ˮϵΪϵϵлصαͨó
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228 սС
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229 磡
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䣡
˲䲶׽磬ߺȻײ޴ĳȺɽһʱ޴ܷ籩
ôܣ
Сɿȥ壬ܴԷôʹ⣿
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ߣθɣ½ԣһȴĿת򽣰ˡ
˿̣ˡˮͻڷ쳣
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Сɫһ䣬ͫ΢ȻУзߺޣмʣмɵҲɱ
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Ȼͷ裬ʲôǿȣһʱ䣬СУɵ֮ɫʢ֮ģǻɱ
ӣ뾡ȥߣ
ǴдӱۣܲôˣԪսۣҲ棬ǰ棡
˼䣬ֻСɫһ壬ξ䣬˲ٴλΪһͷ޴


231 ˺СһԽᣡ
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Ϊһ֮ڣؾȻ


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˵ۣ˿̣ؾ֮Уվһɽ֮УҡҡͷһССĺڶʧ
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ʱһִֻųͷ֮£Ȳѡ
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㣬ҵĵߣʬڵϣԡ
˿̣һƬš


235 îʹ
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236 ֮
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237 ޸գ
˿̣îʹվ񽢼װ֮ϣîʹǰһ˸ߵԲ壬ԲˣһîռĸԾȻϣî񽢵Ŀ̨

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֮һֱɫһŪԷΪһ棬Ϊһ·֮ϿϵΣգֻû뵽ôó
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239 ʢף
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״˫΢Уî˵ɫĮһҪһ¶ɫۺУһȻζҪ֪ԭί»ż̳ǵùͷ֮ˡ
ܳîүүαʹӵĵîСΪԣһߣɫӥĿƳһ۵ɫЩҵîʹ¸㣬գҸ̴Ҫ̾αʹ
ԸյĴ³üîʹȴ쳣ϵĻҲ΢΢ȺαʹûʲôøУ
󶥼ɫîʹüͷ΢壬ת׿ħîղ䣬ۣ֮
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شģһЬףһԻĺ


243 îճ
һţʵʵĲîʹϡ
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һ޺䣬ֻîҿԶûһȻ׹䣬ڹ㳡ҳһӣʯĽ
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Ƭ̹򣬳˼̳ʧ㳡жļӣԼڵîʹ֮⣬һƺָֻƽ


244 ˲ֱ֮
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⼸ͣڻСĺڶ֮ǰ໥һۣɫĪһ˲׷ͶС
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˲ϳöһֱûзӦһö
ʵһ̣ʮ޸ʮһ˴˿Ҳɫ죬ǵǰȻͬһö


245 ڤɽ
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㳡ϣ֮УֻîʹŭһƣʧӰ١
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˵һв˲Ϣ֮䣬оڵѪ˲䱻Ĵָմһǿҵļֱ
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˫Ŀ΢΢죬ϢЩأѹסڴҪһеĳ嶯˿̣ĴָȻʮջԳ΢
ջԳǻĹħʮ΢Ѿʼһһеĳ嶯Ҫɰٿšǧššʮšǧŵʱ򣬻Ǻ龰ѹϹʱħ֮ʿߣᷢ
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ʮɷԲʶȫſⰵſʱʶîî񽢵ӣС
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251 
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һߣѪͬһٱȥУ֮ڣȻ춼ˡ
ɶǣУвʹѪңһ·ɱһѪ·ǣ˲ʱ䡣
˿̣ܸܵǿܲϾ˼˿̣Уֻɽ
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261 ֣
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ޱѹڵأ΢ģһغ
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ڣռ䣬Ȼƥ
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263 
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264 
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266 £˲
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״ɱЦЦ˵ڵ£Ļ߻


277 п
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˴νڣȷʵĻ߻Уܡ
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Ψһһûбֵĵط
ԭأɫ䣬ᣬʳǣΧڣļƻǣҲֻ޵ļ֪ôܻᱻԷʶƣ
ǣ֮Сڼ飡һʱ䣬о΢
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279 ʧ֮
κľɣûᣬ˿̣רĺ
Զǳء£һԣˮૣɫ֮УоɣмԺ
Ǻǣˮڵĵ伮ȻȫġκҲΪ⣬˿ˮૣһ䡣
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֮ǣԶĩڡһλ콾ˣǺƵʱ𣡡
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̧ͷԶʮ޴ʯңңɼݾ룬жϣԼڳǳΧֻǣȴǷֲ嶫
Ҳ֪Ͻ㵽ˣеǣҲֻܰοԼҺ֣һֱȻһĸʣӦûǱȽϴġ
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һĽֵֵͨʯʣԵʯݣ۴αȣеĺйɣֻǸտҲû̡
ңʯͷֵʯ֮ϣսĺۼʯݣˣеĵطһƬ档
³ǣԵŻһķ棬һƬš
ʮ޴ʯȥΧžһƬֻЬײ̤ʯ·̤̤
ûȴǽŲһ٣Щɻ
֪ǲǴոһ˲䣬ƺʲôˣëֱ
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ȵȣʯˣ
ҡҡͷߣȻƫովİ߲ʯˣɫ΢䡣
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280 ˫
ףֻͨʯˣ
У߲ʯ񣬾ǿͨʯͷû˿Ĳһᣬûз쳣ҡҡͷųĶȥ
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281 
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282 ս
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ǺǣСޣҲе֪֮ȸϼһЦ㲻ٶܣһ䣬һɫ󽣶Ȼֱָ֣
Ķ֣ң
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288 ɽӡ
ӣɽȻǸ󻼣뾡ȥ뵽ɽũɱҡ
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ɽũҪȴɨһٶĽ⣬ͫ׽


289 ԤԵĺ
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̫죬ɽũͷһδü⣬Ȼؿڣһ
ɽũ˿Ѫ磬εɳȥһڼ̳֮ϣֺһϣ״ңؿȥҲ֪˶ٹͷ϶Ѫ
Ǽ̳΢΢һ𣬵ײûһ
һʣۻҡ
ֻǾ޿֮ԣһֻ֣Уһ˸ߵĻӣӣǾ֣
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ѾûаԱ֮ȴЯɽӡƷڲɱҲмļһﶯ֡
뵽ɽũ˲ƳԶеλϡ
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ʵʵɱɽũͫ΢һ˲ǿڵɫתҹ֣һ⺮ʮޣʵк䣡


290 Ʒ
³й̳ལƷǧ١
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һߣɫ΢ǰ
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291 ʯ
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״ɫ΢䣬ֵ߳ĵطɽũǾ߷ڵĴС

ֻ˿̣һץסɽũ˵飬ƺܵĪʹ࣬Ϣٵɽũ˶ȻQвҽвѣһ˫۾ɵĹԲƬ̣϶Ѫ
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⡭ֻ걻ˣ
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΢΢̧ͷһߡ
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ôԶȻƾһˣʲôֲĴڣ
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292 Ļ
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294 ʮ֮

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300 öв

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304 ͻΣ
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濴ɫڣƺͻȻһڶ޾ɫƹݣѣڿٱС
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306 ɱķ
֮ƿǣ˲ͻԪ֮Уз֮УѱзӿЩи򣬱Ƿ
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307 ί
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ۡ
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308 Զ
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İɣ˵ҲҪˣܸоһɼ¶üͷ΢壬ƺʲôѽ⡣
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һɽ֮ϣһѪءѪ֮УʺѪҺѪûͨѪȳ֮һܰ㣬Ƣ
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309 
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˵λǲ˼޸꣬ŴĴУǲ֪Ц
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ԷһԽٶƥһ·֮ϣһߣǺΡۼҪ뿪򣬺㣬䣬ʱ򣬾׷Сˡ
ΨһϣеĴ𴫳Сԣʧ
ͬ󵶣λϺȻȥ

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лͣ
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ĸ۵ڵ⣬ͻȻַ֣ڣȻ龰ڴ
һʱ֮󣬽ȥջشᣬ߿գ󣬺ɫԶ޸
ǽ뺣Ľ紦뻢һڵĶ뵺ȻԶΪ̽ػʵ˸ߵ
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ǰǰ׷ԣ΢ɣо֮ɫȴ֣ǰˣ󣬵һϢоЩѹ֡
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310 
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ԷϣȻϢԣѹȴЩأҪ֪ԪΪֻһ߽Ԫ
ѵԷһ߽Ԫʿ
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Ƭ̣üͷ΢塣
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ӳǰġʲôӰһСɽһ޴ϣʮ롣¶ģֻǼϸϸĴѡ
˲ϳһͷ٣
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⧲㱻˽ȥ
ҿ컯ðʱĿŹ⣬ɵ컯ǰ´һ档
ڳֲ԰飬Թע˳
컯ܣҲͻƵʱŷֵģ컯ɱԼֲ԰Դ޷
ԴˣҲһ֪²⣬ֲܸ԰ûȫйء
ף
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311 ⵺
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312 
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࣬ɫϲãҩðΣõҩЧˣ˵׹ǡ
ҩȥԣȴһŭɣȵǳӣһԣϽߣȿȿȡ
˵󣬲ƿѪ
ף



İɣֻΧûнҩѾõ°ɡɫţóһУܵǰ
д򿪣ʱһܰ䣬ֻǽ֮УһöѪɫ֥״ĶѪɫΡ
Ѫ֥ɫһ䣬һ䣬Ŀ⣬ȴΨһˣ
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ԣɫ΢ǱΪǺʿȴ뾹Ƕ塣Ҫ֪Ӫһʿŵӣ⣬ɢޡ
ԭˡԣһǶ壬ǺⶫӦþûʲô¹ֵһ·Ҫͷһ·͡
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ۣ
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ݽҧ˫ֽգָ׶Ѫֻſеս
С㣬һϷңһҪ»֣ĿһΧ⵺ʿ
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꣬Ҳˣ
һ٣ĳǿȥģУһЦһȭ
ʱһɫĲ֣𶯡
رȭ𵴣


313 ɱм
ڵĴرȭɲԪʱĴرȭƷαͨ
ȭȥ¡¡𵴣׵ģһλ
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һʶƣʬǴ˲ʧȴǱֲ԰С
ʬѪⵤ󲹣ǴһƷֱóֲ԰գԻ
һжڵʯ֮䣬ͫ׽ĿǾ֮ɫתӡ
¼˾ɱмһţУӣУвδйŨƬ̣ʬ޴档

мٷȥĻɫһ䣬һһԽһչڿƣӰѻһ⣡
ۣ
ȥһ죬׹Ȼһ٣һ˲ͷ­׷ɣѪһɶߣ
׷ɵͷ­ϣ沿һɲʡ
ۿ󺣾ǰ˻飬һ뺣ѣϧֻһ֮
׷һ˲ʬǴ󴸱ʧֻһתۣ߿գ¶ǽӰ
λɱĽݼѣ˿̣վһԣңֲ·
ս
Цսǿʢ
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䣡
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ϧҲߵ˾ͷ̻ͬ˲貣Ҫ
һǰסҡҡ׹䵽⵺ϡ
ĽݼǽɫǺУΪ촷ۣУƺصĲʲҽС
ȫ֣֮ȴһͻȻð¼ƻĿ


314 
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̾˿֪ǻعⷵգѶϣѾȡ

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ԣһۣҲɣͷݡǰλնɱλǿսǵĸ׻ǿĶ࣡
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УһĿɿڴ
ǡ죬¼ˣ
ӣϻ
˷Ӧʱ۷׷ס
СӣֻǸ¼ˣով϶ǴֲӦСӣˣ

ֻ˿̣ڣ˫ĿѪ죬ϵĴ붼һƬѪ죬ŭ밡
ãŭˣ
ãߣ⹬¶ҪݣǿȥΪ

˼״ϽߣҲ⡣
úͰҲ˳̶ֳȵսǸ岻ֻ֣ܵڻҡǴ˿ֻ̣ܹսʤߣһСգȻ߲뵺
˲书ټĹ֮Уֻ;ˡ
͵ˡ
Цƿ쭵ľսڣ촽һͷм٣Ҳ֪ѪŨʲô̶ȡ

һŭУӿһڵķȻγɣɨڱֻǼ˺ϱľ޴ӺȻ飬飬ڱȻƽķΧηɢȥ
һȸոҪǿ̫ࡣ

ɫ䣬иֶ̣Ҳ̫һ˰ɣȴ˿⡣ӸոЩ˵̬ƺսǿġ
Ҳ˼һȭϮĺڱޡȭͷ֮ϣеɫķ֡
۱ȭ𵴣
䣡
һ޺䣬ɫ䡣ֻоһɺľϮͬһöڵɳȥǴǽϡһ޶
ĺɫޣȻһ˲ıһ˲ɢ
˦˦֣Ŀһ˿ɻ֮ɫһ˲һ˿ЦȡǱ˫֣ʩʩȻȥ
ûˣܹӲһޣҲɣο¼ˣ
ܵһûб⣬ѾԤϣǣҲֻǳԤ϶ѣõ֮£Сӵͳࡣ
˵СӵĹЩ죬ոոоһǿ֮ķ飬Ҳ΢΢һʹѣʵ㲻ʲô
𣿡
ʱֻǾ޶֮ͻȻһˬ
ɫһ䣬ȻͷֻǽڴУһǱӰ˳˷Щңңƺûܵ˿˺
㡭Ȼû£
һʱ˼˼֮ɫһ˫۾
㶼û£ʲô£
һԴвɣ״˵ȴǸ̲ѣӿǳĶӣոջһɫڣɫ֮УĻа˿ʹ֮ɫ
һȷʵԤϣһûбģŰǧ
ֲǿһλ
⧲֮£һӺڵɾ˲
˿̣һ˷ܣԣֵĻĳ޹ĽʮǣΣȤ
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¡¡
һʱֻ꣬ڶӣ˿ͬһ㣬鵹ټĻʧȥЩʱҡҡ׹
Ҳܲе⡣
״ֻ²ۣУȴ˿⣬⣬ÿһޣǽǧҪǶˣǿȣҲƤ鲻ɡ
룬ֻУһ쳤Ȼ֣Ʒڽ
˽һʱ׽⽫ǺɫһӴ⣬㱻룡
⣡
ɣ
ɫ޾ͬȺħ衣
ɫ䣬֮ͬһոĳΡ
֮⡣
Сӣֵõ
Ҳ֪ôˣ
뿴ʶ̽ˡ˵꣬ſʶ
ɵ棬⻢ֹһʶ̽ǿԲ̽ᷴɼġǰֹ׼ɵЦ
ףüң£ΣûȵѪƺ֮ȴһ𺳣о
ףûзɣ
ʿ״¶ɻ֮ɫʿʼſʶ
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һ˲ֻǺĻȻȻ޾ұɢ
ʿг֮ˣ΢Щң㲻ܽʿ˿̵Ŀ⣬ǵĴ
һ˵ĴսȻˣǿ֪⻢зػġ
ȺУСһ飬ֻ֪Ƿ󣬶ⲻڣΪս˲Ϣû뵽
ߣᶨҪÿ
ף˵ɫô԰С迴һˣ˿ɫ𺳣һȡ
Сһɻ󣬳ǷĿȥ˿̣ҳɢȥ٣Կг
˻ôܣ
ֻ˿̣Ƿ֮ϣһŲھǴϣгֱָʺ
Ȼˣ
ܵ˳ף


321 
ʿһ𾪣λ⵺ļһȻ˾
úͰɫһɣһ˲һ
СͻŮһۣɫЩ䣬һȻƻ뵺Ļڻ赺ٵӣǴ
ģŲȾֱָʺǷ

ʺķ֮þоС֣ǣλȴǺвͣ˫ĿѪ졣
ǿֻһ·ˡ
ԣ˫΢Уɱһ
λˣǺ֣
ʱУ赺ǶصĴЦ
ôʱ䣬ڿ𣿡˫΢䣬Цжȴͣ
ʺѪðǱոԶĽˡ
龰аһոգΪԼˣҿ赺ʱϵһʱ䣬л赺Ǹм
赺񣬲һһ䵽ǰ
˵ôӵùķۡ
⻢赺ƺġε硣ءһ˲ͷ
һͷֵƴ
赺žȰ
ǰǰһٸһʲô˵ġ
ûǵĴ˾˰ɡ
ϽͶɣֵã
׷׸͡Уг֮⡣
˿̣ɫȴЩˣһٸλôŶô˵λԣӦ˵һ̫ˡ
ŷ֮б¹ıȹ
ԣ˫Ŀ졣ϳѪĴŤС
ԣ׷¶֮ɫȻԴ⡣ս㻹ܹ˼÷
вмȴ׷ײɿеĻ쳤
ףƷ
ʿע⵽еĳǷҴϢжϣƷ
һʱ䣬ʿɫ졣
Ʒڳλûеģ⵺ˣȻӵһƷ
赺˫΢Уһ˿⣬ǰˣȻǼ֮ǣ뵺ûдˡѵǶ֮ˣǴӺ
赺˼һʱû˵
ãٴαȹԣҲԲ÷ԣһ֣
úúãԣЦҪ
𼱣ҪȴӦһ
ǰ˵ݣǲʵľʱһҶ
ʲô˵һ
ٺ٣ˣҪӦ׷ңžٺһЦѾλԸһԴ򵥵ͷ࣬Ȼʵǣ̫ˣ˵
Ҫҵ裿ԣɫһɫѪɫƺŨˡ
һ̣֣ڳ֮е׷׶ŭĿӡ
ǺǣˣֻǷ׷ң֮⣬㱾ɵġǺһЦ͵
ǿоˣȻȥȥǳ޻裬ǣսȷʵǿһǾ±ˡ
ĵǻ赺ո͸¶Ϣһ̾٣Ȼͨ٣ǣȪ֮ˮء
ܹĵɰǧСɽһǵ٣һɶôֲ
ģɫɡ
ô˻ǿΪҵ費ɣ
ףҲԡԣپȻʡ
ôʼɡҲϻڽ˺󼸲
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Ȿ壬Ǿ˰о̾һѾС
һֳ壡
üһӻǵһμһı壬һ٣ʮ
СӲˣˣοǱ壬СӲ÷Աġ
ʿɼ䣬׷Զ
УǾ޴٣ɫЩɣΪܵһɼѹѹϤֵѹ
ļϣϢ
Сӣɣ
ɱľ޴һ⵺ƺڲ
δ䣬ֻһӴֵľʹ֮ѹſգʱžž죬ķͬʮ̨һ㣬ƾˡ
ߣһб㣡
״һ֮Уǧħ΢ʢֺֻ˸䣬Ϊһž޴ĺëơ
ħ
ۣ
˵ʱʱ죬ֻǾ޴һץסʹǣָУѪĽ
ӣ𣡡
߿գһȡ
ûüҽУֻǴ֮ϣһ޴ǹɾȻ
䡭
һ޺䣬뵺ֻľڿлһߣһ¡
ǡ
ϣѷǳ֣ضɽҡ

״ǧӿٴα׷ɡҵأ
䡭
һʱ䣬޺֮뵺ģĻλãľӣΧƱ鲼
УħϣһʿĿɿڴ۾ɵĹԲһʱ˵صľ޺֮ʹĺֳ֮һƬţ


322 
䡭
뵺ϣ֮ϣֻУһССӰֲһ˻ֵľ޴֮Уôһɽһȥ
ӣ
УһȣصС
أ
ǻľһھӴ֮ϣһ޺䣬ء
ۣ
һѪһһѪڳȴͬһھȪնʱѪꡣ
ף
ɨѪȪеһ΢һףһһץסӽֲ԰С
䣡
ɽһһգڵҳһͿӶ
վ̱ڵصľϣССӱ֮ͬվСɽϣԵúСƣȴѹһС
һʿͫ׽Ī
ֽһƽ֮£һʲô壿
ٺ٣
վھͷϣֱĥһľۡ

ϵģأûаɡܸɴ࣬Сʹ
ˤĿɲᣬҿޡûйͷһƣоˣһǿĻӿڣ˿̣ȡ
Щ֮⣬Ȼоˬȫɡʱ޿ĥָоͻȻʧӰ١
һƤ񡣡
Ըп¾ӣôʱ䣬һֻ˵ˣһѪֲʵԾֻһѪѡ
â˸֮󣬾ΣһԾԹվ
һЦŻ赺
֪˸մʦкδ
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¼ֶҰװˡ˫΢УһЦ仰˼ǣһɢޡ
֪Ҷ뵺Ϊ£赺ƳһԶ⵺ļλһ˿⡣
͵ʽף
͵ɣֱӰͼȴõʶ
Ŷ֪Ҫͱʲôף赺ԣЩ棬ͬʶԷֻǸ¼ˣҪǸոմսչ¶һֺȻҲ˿
磬ǻ赺˵˵ţͻȻʹ۵Сۣ˵ˣڳһȻףˣʶ
˵棬õһöػɫ
Ŷ֪ĻػѾһöҲõ֪뽻ʲô赺ɫ䣬µĿ
ػˡɫȴעŻ赺ŹԷһ˿ɫ仯
δ䣬赺ͫ΢
Ϸоһ
Ŷػˣʲôף赺ЦЦػˣȷʵУ洫ģֻ弸˶һֱ޷Ҳ޷Ϊ;ʵȡ֮֮ϧļߡ
赺磬²ɡٺһЦ
ŶΣ赺˫΢С
ĳϲԸɡ
һֻ赺˫΢Уɱһ䶢Է˼ȻףҪӪһͼıܹһԸĻ赺оܲˬ
ʽףӦˣ
Σ赺ͻȻЦЦ˰Σһתػˣڹݶ֮ٸ㡣
δ䣬赺һûӰ
һĽԤ֮УԷǲô򵥵Ľػ˸ǹǸõļߡ
뵽Ƴһµˣ΢΢ЦЩʿѾ赺ˮˣܾûɡ
ݶ⻢赺紫еһãôùݵģȻ͵ΪһǼ򵥻ɫ
ҪõػһƽϲС
뵽һ뿪棬赺׼֮˵ػ˷棬յľۻᣬҪΪֹˡ
úͰϼ״ϣ΢һɣҲȥ
֮Уϥһ֮ϣһӰȻʧ
ƺǡ
ֲ԰УſȭͷСĺɫԲ飬ЩȣǹɵԴˣ飡
ôҲ֪ǲ֡
ʲô飿ɻȻҪ
ԣСһӣֲ԰е֮ʱ飬һ˲ͻ

һֻ֮ϣһͷ޵Ӱ֡
ǡ
ǹӰͫ΢Щš


323 
ֻͷۣͷɣһββЩ֮ͬ⣬ļơ
ҿǰ£
Ȫ֮г˳ſеӰȲѡ
ͬȵģ󣬲Ϲް£
£ڤĺϵӰȻ˰£ҲܾǣҲ̫ϡ˰ɣǿ
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ǰ£ţϹްµ飬ֻԶ֮вѾĥĲˣҲϡҲ֪еľѪǷ񻹴ڡ
δ䣬СһӣֻǰӰһһ˲ɢһξӨ͸ѪΣֻѪΣֻƽѪεʮ֮һСϢ߹΢
ѪȻ࣬ǣ㹻衣״΢΢һЦ£ǿƷްȻҪһͷƷ޼ķ
һԣ۷Ź⣬Բţȴһ⣬ָӲ֮ϡ
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ҿ㽫µ˳ߡ꣬Ǵ
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Ŷ˻ν⣿ԣɫһʵûɡ緢飬֪
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ͷ˰顣Ȼֻһľɵ񡣡
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ֻħ΢ԣһͷħԳŭ׺Ѫ֮񣬲֮ǣ֮֮£ͬнʯΪ
ǧ΢ֻܷǧħ֮ƣȻ޷Ƶ𡣡аԸп
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ʱʵ飬֣ħ΢ƺﵽĳƽ⣬һħ΢һ
Դ˰˼⣬ܹоĵûзӳġ
ԴˣĽǣ͵ħ΢ۣȴнʼ֮ʱʮżʮŵħ΢ܼԦǣǧħ΢ǾͲͬˣľ磬ԶԶ޷ġ
ңܹϣҲӲһ΢һľ磬Ϊޣ
ޣǸԭ
ħ֮ɣϹ֮ʱħ֮ʿ׷׷ңܷӵҲԶԶﲻĹħĳ̶ȡ
Ĺħǿһǧħ΢ܹһǧѾˡ
Ҳ˵ǧħ΢ǧѾޱˡ
ЩҲᣬȴһ⣬Ĺʼͻˣ
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λãķ޷룬ħ΢ǿг˺һ㣬ңҲᱻ𴴃ȸ
ҲˣķֶΣֻ֣ҲΪԴӶɹ֮ʹ
ҲҺĶλʹҲ޷
ǣħ΢ľѣϣзĲλԽԽ࣬ͻ˵λãɾͲˣ
ԣڣػ
ֲ԰Уһʯ̥Ȫ֮
ʯ̥Ҳ֪˶꣬ؾѾʼǾѵļ󣬲ռ˿ǣȴǱˡ
ǣۼʯ̥ӣԶˣʱ겻ܶᣬ޷ѣʯ̥֮٣޷ɹ
һһ߷˼⣬ˣպܿȥ


324 
һգ캣磬壬̺졣
ֻǣһ̣һƬţһԾĺޣҲ뺣ףðͷ
ֻУʮɵĶ飬Хɡ
Ⱥڵĺ棬֮УԿͺ壬СվںϣһƬѹѹƣн
УһȺ֮У֣ЩˣĦȭƣһ˷ܡ
ɻˣ˵򶫺ǰ;δӦõǰһ˲ɫһ
ųƱƲģȺһ¶ǳǱȥģֻǣ
ʱ콻Ӵһ޴ԶԶ
ٶ˿ǵȥֱǰͣסΣһȺվƳ죬֮Ȼ֡
˸ҴҶ
һͷѲҹֲֳָ棬ȵ
شģһ⣬Ѳҹ۵һֳ룬ֵģǶ뵺ˡ


ˣ
һͷڹܽһȴԵơǶĹةࡣ
֪ˡ
֮ϣ˰֡
赺ȻҰģҷҶ
Сʱۼ˲ٺһɫģѪĺʱһͷǵһϣŭѡ
з󻤳֣ǣرʧӭսɣ
ǰ赺ıӵˣ
Ⱥ鼤ܣ׷ս
֮ϣɨһ۵ɫٵȵȡ
⡭


⣬赺üͷ壬ոһȭǵϣʱ⵺ϵķеԤϡ
ֻ˿̣ǵϣһӡиܵ˷ٿ׵ζ
óӧǰӿ̽鷨
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ӡƷƳʮַ㣡

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赺о΢
ˣа취
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Ǻǣԡһۣ
λ˵һͺݣ˳
Ƴһսף˼ոǻһһյȫգǣ˺սӡ۶ûС
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һ˲ȴסһ֮ɫ
Ԥеļҳûгֻ֣ɫָڷ֮ϣ໥תǹ̻Ͱͬûһ㣬Թת
ۿɼģɫ֮Уһ˸ߵͨ֡
ˣ
費ǳ
ʲôȥԼͲסų˽ȥ
󣬻ôƣ
е𺳣˲ڷŪһ˵裬Ű
УһƬȡ
赺ͫ΢һһ뷨֮С


325 ֲ԰
ȻˣһзĿǣ
в²õ֤ʵоһйֶԵķǼƷƽ֮ΪϢ
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뷨֮УֻҪƻĻжϷԴơ
УѾһʱ䣬ɱ
ͼֱɱ򶫺

ƻһ˲
ˣˣة໹ôɫȴǾ֮ܵУ
ˣ֪ˣλӭսɣ
ɫվֲֶ˲˴
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󷽣һסŴҪɱľеͺȵס˵ģ򲻹ܣ
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˵ˡ״ҡҡͷͷһǸս
ʱһλͽʱɱ˹û취Ϊͣǿǲ𣬵ǰλ죬ˣϢҲǿ϶ӡ
ܷʵܹǸУӦġһѾӡ
ۣ
һͷͽֻһɾϮһ˲⡣Ѫɫ顣
һӿʼֻ˲䡣֮еʹ֡һ˲㱻赺һƻû
սļҡԶս赺ͶŶ
գҪ㶫ҷ𣡡赺Цһ⡣
ŶҪҶҷƺԼġ˫΢У
ͬΪʥֻҪǣ㣬첻ɡ赺ԣһЦ򶫺֮ǰļս
Ȼϳ˴˿̣һڻ赺۵ΧŹǡ
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ɣս赺Цս
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ҲǼҵսһս򶫺ȥ
ϴһۣԶЩϤرǴֲ԰
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һ˲һƵֻǰһͷڹһ˫̶ֱۣ㶶ϳ
һة࣬ӦúϤϡ
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326 ٿʥ
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327 Ԫƾ
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֪һͻƽݾԪƾ
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ô˵ķٿʥǶѡԪƾɫһһ˲ȴЩ
ԼһţǶҪɾˣ


328 ľ괺
˷Ҫͳķ̫࣬ԣϹʱڣ̥ܶ˷ͻƵġԵò
ѵûȱ㣿Щɻڣ˽ݾӦòûȱǡ
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329 ػ˵
֮ϣһɳͬһ֧˷ˣн
ʦǷ𣿡ãһ̾
ۣۿӰƴСɳңٶȣÿ죡
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ſڣСͻŮǵ
ް
赺ҡҡͷɫȻϢ΢ʮ㡣
Ϊڣгĳ̸Ż赺һ˫ۣɫ΢
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ֽӹһöɫˣҴС˱棬ĺɫ·ĺڵĹ⻪žˣƺ룬һͲǷƷ
ֻһۣȷƷػĹˡ


330 
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ʱͻ赺ɫһ䣬ΪԶһǿϢٱƽ
һ˲赺ɫ΢ɣߣϢжϣֻǸмǶ
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һ鿴һۣһҪҪȥ粽ۡ
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⣡
䣡
һ޺䣬֮ѹɫʸƲȥ


331 
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335 Ϲ׳Ѫ
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336 ˲
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ѽᣬϷֻЩͨʿӲ٣Ϲ¼ţȻҪһ
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ΪȻܲϢҪ֪֮һѪĸоָо˿ҲУǣ󣬲ǰǣǡ֪ģ


338 
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ȰϷӦһһһ飬볬ֲ԰С
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339 
Ϊͻƣųأٴαǰ
ɫ֮꣬ʶۿɼٶš
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ȴҪԪɵĸʣ


340 ջػ
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Ҳֲػԭħ֮ͷ֮澫ܸоͬˮ𣬸޷ݣͻԽԽԣѾĸ
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341 ʯ̥
֮ⷨħ֮ĳͻԶԶҵԤ֮ϣɫ԰ף˿̲΢΢ЦܸܵԪʣ޶࣡
㻹вʮԪΣͻȻԵ
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뾡зΪתƳȥߣ֮ħ֮ͻҵԪ٣
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ʱһɫ׹һɫâûڣӳճһƬ֮ɫ

߿ĳٴֻ׹֮Уһͷ޴ɫȸ֣ɫβɫɫ׹⣬ͬ鳲׷ûڼ䡣
׹󣬾޴ɫȸҲʧУһֻɫСչɡ
һֻֻаƴСɫС񣬿еȸֻβͳһ㣬ɫëޡ


342 
û뵽ӾȻһֻСȸƣСͬһɫȻһ׺ۡ
ҿٶȻС˶ٶȣĴᣬƺҪôһ㡣
ڿŸָѶȵĶһʱԡ
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Ҳһˡ´ĵ˵ͷаЦһɽ٣ֱӱﵽһ죡
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˻ĹħȸһξѪؾбԴǧأζɣ
˵ڣһͷħ
ոջΣΪһ죬ڵз򣬱ȱ֮еƺԲȻ
⵹ƣıܣҲǣ˵Ĺħȸ֮óͨɫ⡣
ﲻˢת飬νͨ
ΪѪɫȸȻûпȸֲǣ֮ҲǵӦ֣ͬܡ
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СĶȻ˸ʿ˺ĳ棬ʿɽ٣Ǳ˿̣ʿ׷׸⴦С
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ҹһƬڰֻżһ׹յһ˲
һӰںڰ֮Уȣһһ˸䣬һ¥Ϊ֮¶ܲİڣһ˷쳣
¥֮У꾲Уһӳ£ɢһ罣â
˭
ͻȻ˫Ŀͫɫһš
𣡡
شģһħԳ޺ֻһ˫Ѫɫ˫ۣһ˲һֻ޴Ļɫѹ
ǿֲͬԻĹŵ׺Ű֮һ͡
ˣ
˴Σħ֮رԳսҲһӣΪ꣬ĸоȰҪĶࡣ
Ϊһʧһ֮£ȫս֮£ǧһƸճƺһͷľ޾ѣ֮£ƺѹȳҺ̬оٲά衣
һ꣬Σͷгһһ˲һ貵Ľֻ֣һֱ̳̾ơ
һռ죬һҪ죡
ý
һޣһһ֮£һ춼Ҫ̴ĸо
֪ǲش콣
һ£̳ܽһƷͨ
ϧһȻ買񣬵ǣûǸ硣
䣡
һ޺䣬ħ֮ƽͬһ𣬸ɳȥ
ڰУоһһƣоûĵѪ֮һ˲֮أһؽڵԲľ֡
ˣ
ԶӰת˲ҹĻУ׹˸ԿĻһնͬʱ
ܵĻ죡
һƳһ۵ϵĽľһ볬ֲ԰Сһ˲ҹɫ֮С
ݡ
ƿ𣬸¥֮С˲Ӱ
Ǵˣľзɫ׹⣬ɫ¥֮вϢҹǴһģһ
޿˿Զۻصꡣ˿һ˲ȴɫԷȻܵļףֱǲС
оһ֮ɫһΣıһҪĶ࣬ǣʶɨӣΧǧ֮Χ쳣
ֱ֣ȥӰ
꿴һԭվĵطһ˿֣Ҫľ˿̣ͱǿֲ촷ˣ
꣬ɿ˳ࣿ޿ɫʵ
ûǵѪɫ֮ɱһľǣԷĹƣ̫ǿˣûȫס˿̣ͬ˽һ㣬ĵʹͨ죬һǿ֮Ű
޿˼״һ걳ġ
ۣ
ֻ۵һһѪ³ڵϣľʵذ徹˲Ż
øҵĻԷǻԹ޿üͷ塣
лϡ
һѪ³ָоһᡣ
꣬ˣʲôüͷ΢壬ʵ
̫̫ͻȻϸУһ˫ƣǵɴ󣬾Ȼңһ˫۾Ѫɫģ
УԹ֮ɫл
ɴƣ֮ɫѪɫ۾壿ľɫѿϣһѪ۱ԳƺǣֻͨޣǶûС
Уɻ֮ɫ
ħڼ֣ȴһֱ꣬Ҫ˵ûϵҲ̫ɺˣ޿䣬תͷľˣؼ䱻ǣűߣձȥڣħŮ
ãľԣɫһͷ
֮ǰɥ֮ʹɱ֮ɱΣȻǣűߣħŮйأǹڣͲУֲ֡
һ֣ߺߣľУɱˡ
ԣɫһԹ˳𣬱ñ˴ΣħŮʬΣѽͷ֮ޣ
鶨ȥ
һֳоһ
ʦ
ˡ
˻ص¥ͽܱǰһ֮̽ɫ棬վһ
Դҹ֮󣬲ʿɣ׼߳Լס
˿һһ˿ɻ֮ɫֿͽܣǽ죬ûȥɡ
ûаǺˣһ춼ڸ¥
԰ʦֳ𣿡
һ棬ʵ
ǲҪʣգħ֮ڣǣҪúעⰲȫ
ԣɻλӣֿһתȥ
ɫȴѰ˼ˣոǼۣȴЩɻѵˣˣǣʼգƺû¶ʲô
ˣҲҶˡ벻Ȼҡҡͷ˼תüͷ
ǶʿĶȨ֮һİɱжŸոտʼԷһԲӦ䣬ļƻ״ҡ
ĿģҲѾﵽһӲ̡
Уʹ⻪һš


349 ħ
ֲ԰УнڵĶľһʹϧ
ľƷӰľƣһƷ֮ܡ
ӰľƷǣĳ˵ƷҪһֺ
ӰľоŽڣӰоأһصһء
ÿһڣӰӱһأÿһڣʹľһ֮Ч
֮ܣո걻е˲䣬㱻ľȴɿ⡣
ľһƷеأѾ׷ˡ
ҡҡͷ΢΢һֻǽڵľڵ촷Ʈɢ
⽹֮ɫȴ̫֮£ħ̫֮ǿ֮ǰҪ
Ҫֻ֪ǻѣԶԶû
ʮ֮Уһ̫֮ǿɼһߡ
ƺѾѰڵҹصס
һҹ޻

ձ֮շ硣һգƣ̿ϴ
裬衣
һͥԺУһСŮĽţֻСŮһ衣ݰף۾ֱǸޡ
˿̣СŮһ·СܡһŮԡ
ֻŮӣ欣ѩüĿ죬һĲ˼֮ֻǴ˿̵ɫЩ԰ס
ŮǺˡ
ĹΣ𣿡СŮޣϣᡣ
ˣ裬㻹𣿡СŮļͷ
費ۣԡСŮСӡ
һúѧ£ԺỵˣСŮƺ뵽ʲôʱСӽ壬Сȭ衣
ǺǣҪúѧŶһЦչǡ
šСŮ޺ݺݵ˵ͷ
ţͻȻ䣬֮ɫɫ΢䡣תͷԶգɫһ
ԡȥ費ͲҪ֪𡣡СŮ޵磬ŵϣ
šСŮƺܵʲôСüͷһţСҧȴǺݺݵ˵ͷһͷĻصС
ĿСŮԶعͷʱϣһɴ
գֻһ˿뵽Уһ˿飬һ˲Զգɫǿ
Ҫˣԣ䣬Ҳܣ֮⡣

Уں·岨ԣڷȥ
ǰ޿ˡľ˵ȶУٶȼ졣
ˣչʿڵڡ
һ󵺣ӿоͿԿǵϣһϣ̨ͤ¥鲼ֻ壬Եúǹ¼š
ħŮٳ˻򻹿ɱһȫʬ޿˹Ц
ߣ޿㲹Ĳ
޿˻䣬֮УһֻһɴŮնУһŹ١
ȺУ˫΢Уˣ
ֻϧ޿ˡľ˵ϢƺʼһȺˣǷġ
ˣҲ춯󶥼ʿûаսʤ񣬻Ǿĺá
󵨣ħŮգڣһߣУһ˿Ũɱ
Сˣŵһ˲ֻɫ΢䣬һ
ֻһӰһǰ޿˺Ȼ
ħŮΪӾտˣ޿˹Ц޵
ȺУ˫΢У޿ˣÿٶȣңոֻһ㱻Ρ
ħŮУԹ
ħŮʲô󣡡һԣľһ͡
ã޿˹һЦУһħŮҵģ
δ䣬󶥼˼һλʥ֮ƣһ̤뷨֮С
࣬ǣһ̤룬ͬʯӵˮ棬
˻һһ˲ӿ֮УһķھۺϳΡ
ߣ󣿡
ɫ΢䣬һ˲ȴһЦַӡһ
ͻֻķ󣬶ȻӰɭɭǺ
ңǴΧȻ˲佫ڡ

һͻ䣬˵Ԥϣ˲书ģ׷ױͷҽУҲֲסΣ׹նȥڿУм˱۵һͷ
ģֱӵڵϣҳһӣӣҲˣңħԣڵϷݡ
ڿеģһЩǼᶨ֮˿̣󲿷ֶɫʹֿ࣬
ħԣʶԻ޾ħͷ֮ΣǺļХƺҪ˺ѣһһ˲ԺΪģ޾ʶԣЩħӰ⣬ͬѩ׷ڻʧ
ħȻħ֣˲ѹߣ޿˷ŭ


350 
ħַΧڣɫʹ࣬еĸǱͷҽС
¿еģֱͷ­ģʮλ
Щʿ󲿷ںټһЩֵģ١
һɨĿ⣬ȴǶɽһϣֻλȻɫʹ࣬ǣȴûбᣬڵֿħ
Ҫˣ
ɫڽУһԽһչһ⡣
ᣡ
ۡ
ͬ޵ڼټӳ£ƥ⧲֮£±λ׷룬Ѫ磬Դ׷ɣӱ㻯ԭͣ״һͷͷȴֻ޴㡣
һۣһ޴ʬ˲ʧ
ʲôˣ


ͷڷӦˣɫ䣬ֹͷ
ǵʶУħͷŰƽʱɣοٶȣʵ̫ˣ
ֻ˸һӦȫգһ˲ͷ޴ʬ֮ϣѪ磬УһʱѪꡣҲһ˲Ϊһ˲ЩʬͻͻȻʧ١
ɱʬ
ͻȻͷϢ֮䣬һз̫죬ʿ󲿷ŷӦ
֮ڣɱ¾Ӱ
Ӭ飬Ӵ֮й䡣
ˡôܣ岨ֿħСͨ죬Ŀ⣬ȴǽŲԶѪɱǾ֮ɫ
һԣ·ͫ׽оɻ
һʿɫ䣬Σ
֣ˣ
ֻǡôⷨӰ죬ѵ
֣ħŮһģ
˭ľӿɫ׹˸
ľɷġƬ̱ã޿ɫ΢䣬
˷Ҫȫʬľ˫ĿѪ졣Ȳѡ
λס޿ɫ
ǣϣ
һڲʿԣһߵֵſֲħһ
㣡
ɱͫԹ
Ǵˣɣ˷һľСûܹ裬һʱ䣬УɱŨˣȴһڲʿ֮

ЦУڽһ׺磬بգҵĴ׽˺ѵأ
⣡
Ʒαͨ
ۡ
ʱǰļλʿʱԸٶȵɳȥڵ;УȻأһʱ䣬⣬ϳ֫ҷɣѪ硣
һȴЩʿȻѣǰȻһ͡
ܷӰ죬ߣ
ãǸ߼ˣܣ
ڳ֮У󲿷ֶ¼мܵһЧʱʧתͷܡ
ߵ𣡡
Цɱңһ񣬱׷ܵʿڽ䣬׽ֱ
ۡ
ݺᣬҽУʬ֫ҷɣѪꡣ
ģɢ
и߼ʿӦѡ
ϧһӰͬ⣬仹ûĴ֮٣ǣҲЩʿܱȵġ
ۡ
ʿɱҺѪ졣
󷽣ɫо֮ɫԷٶȣ̫ˣܹ׷ϡ
ʦ֣ǡϲϣ岨᲻ѣʵ
ʦ˵𣬾䣬ߣ·üͷ΢壬ȫֿħȴȥ
ֻҪ˳ħķΧͿɲħ֮ⷨУٴƬ̣ǿȣ¾Ҫˡ
˿̣ЩûпסħһʿԼϵһʿ֮⣬еʿѾ˳ħķΧ
ˡ
һȥһλɽԴһ񣬱Ҫ׷ɱ䲻һһ˲һ̶ͣ
зܵѹȣԳ壬ˣ
Ŷ෨Ʒ
ɫ΢䣬ֻͷϣһȦһƬ⣬֡
Ŀ⣬ȴǿԶһ߶ͷͻӡȻⷨˣλ
죬ˣŪħ֮⣡
һԣһλ˫Ŀͨ죬δ䣬αħ֮ȥ
һһϢжϣǸ߼ʿ
ʶУ˫΢ͫ̣˲ȷλʵΪ
ǲʿ߼ˣ壬ȴǰ˼һмʥʥͷһͷӰģģ֣
Ҫ͸ʥı࣬ǱȽǿ߼ۣҲˣа˫ۻϣԿϣһȪת
ħ󣡡磬ʥ˫ĿѪ˿ȻܵħӰ첻Сһȣһ뷨Χ
ǸȦµסתƬ̱㱻ħ֮⡣
סɫħΧУȴ΢ɡ
ոħ֮ڣȻɱķǣͷȴһɾƹ֮֮ȥԴͷȴľ
ҲΪʲôһֱûƻλʿ÷Եɡ
ᣬһħΧǹɾ֮⣬ȴǶȻʧƳԶľУһ˿⡣
һΧʿЦɱŨңոֻǿθСˣڣɱ¾ʢ磡


351 Դʥ
ħ֮⣬ͷһȦֱתһȦ⡣

ʼһ󣬱һ
һԣʥ״ֵĶȴ΢΢һ١
ֻ˿̣罣гŴ۵Ľ⣬֮ڵ̶ȥУԹ⡣
ߣ
֮УһߣһлڽȻһͷ޴򼣬ֻۣͨ۾ȻĿͫһɢ
ǻڽı壡
Ʒɫһ䣬ӡһ䣬ҪǸȦ
ˡ
˻
ֻһƳĳ˻𣬾޴ĻһͷײֱתĸȦ֮ϡ
䣡
һ΢⧲֮£ɺ˰벽
ٿУֻǸȦһͷײɣһ˲һβ𣬾Ǹ˻ȥץС
һз˲Ϣ֮䣬˿̣ĽֻߣǣУû˿ϲΪŤͷһۡ
һۣԹ֮ɫ˲תΪ壬гΪ
һ˲ֻһȭɫ֡
رȭ𵴣
䣡
ֻһϮһ˸߹һˡϮȫ
ۣ
αʱٶȵɳȥһѪθǱħ֮Уɫ˲Ұס
һȭͣһмʥȥ
֪
ʥһߣѪЦߣһȭʱһͷ׹Ѷ

һǿΧʿһˣ޷֡
˻ȭ
Сˣ
Դʥһȭ֮£ҲСӵң

Χ۵ʿͷ
ϣԴʥһȭһ˿ЦһмˣҸа塣ֱ֪
ı壬һͷȻ㲻ޣǡҲǶˡ
鸽ɽͬΪϰøǿϵȻɽϰ׷Ѫ
ѪѾǳֻҪһѪаɱѪΪɾ֮
һ㣬ɽΣ
ΪǰѪʥѪΪӡ
ǸѪһȭ
ȭƷαͨƾһȭ⺣⣬ºպ
δ֮ܽһȭݻΪȭʱ򣬲
ԴʥһȭЩͷУֱһ˲ȴɫһ
棬֮Ѿһ⼣߰ߵལֻལǰ˸ԲȦ
𣡡
һһͷ޺Ȼ֣һɻϢɢ
һͷĹͨɫϺëͬһ㣬Сͷͷ­ƺǹĽ壬ͷ룬һ˫Уڹ硣
ʮԪ֮һ
һУ콣칷ں֮
Ϲ޵ں֮ޣҲȻ֮Ϊ
ѾʮԪںΪУֱ֮ǰ𣬴ʱ𣬻УһУΪڰһС
˵ʱʱ죬ȭȻײԤеĿֲײûг֣ԣͬȳ˲䱻̵ƨûʣ
δǹһţһɾ޴˲佫Դʥ븹С
ôܣ
ԴʥȻˣ
ˣ˭ʥնɱ
ߣͣҵȲǶ֣

ħȻħŮһģ
Զɫȳ˿̣һͨ죬ӡݡ
ˣ죬˼壬ó֮һսʵǿֵҪֶΣǸȦν֮Ȧ
ֻȦ˿̣ץ֮УһƬɫ֮С
ɫת֮䣬˸оȦ֮ĸӦԽԽԷһʥսʱ򣬾Ȧ
ңм˾߼˵ķһУ̫Ϻˣһʱʹ־
ԷһԴʥ֮ս˵Ҳûˣ˿ֻ̣ŬٻȦ
ߣ
Ƴһˣɫȴɡ
ʮԪ֮ƺͨеķٻؼĳǿõķǼ٣ǣȴ֮˿̣о궼Щήҡ
ңһУ»޷Դʥ
Ŀ⣬ɿԴʥڣֻĴ֮ϣ׹˸ǿơ
䣡
Ȼʱ޺Ȼ飬ԭأһͷʮɳѶ
һͷɫɫ׹˸ϣһԾ޴ɫᣬԴʥı塪ԣ
ֻ˿̣ԴʥЩǱ۱ڻ룬ڳƶβһأѾʧֻɭ׵Ĺǲ磬Ѫ졣


352 ľ䣡
ߣ룡
ɫ䣬ߣһöӺֱתͣ˲Դʥͷ
ãǶľ֣
Դʥ˦˦Դ׹¶мˣǱ
Ҫʱ򣬶ȻһѾͷԴʥ̧ͷһͫкȻһҪߡ
ˡ
ֻǾֺһ㽫Դʥڡ

¡¡

֮ڣͻڼ䣬ĲҽУҽԽԽСֱʧ١
ۣ
Զ˹˲ϵĺˣһھѪ
ȴԭĥȦеʶӡǣᣬɼ
ֺСƴСƵֱת
ֲ԰߼֮컯Ĺܴ컯ѾƷͳͳ
˭
ܣ׹ֱս
һڱҪΧʿ׷׺ˣɫ־塣
мʥҪĴڣȻˡʬ޴棡
˵ĴӷԴʥȭԷһ߽⣬ˣһм
ˣ˭
·岨ԿԷеľλ·ˣǿֲмʥ˵նն
ոշɳħͫ׽ǲ֮ŮʳڣǹϵţǣǰһȣţֱǸЦ
ͬΪмˣ²Ǵ˵һ֮У
һʱ䣬СԹ֮ɫ⣬һ˿־֮ɫ
֮УǸңһ֮ʿӰʡ
䡭
ʱħȻݡһ޺֮󣬺Ȼ顣
֮Сȴ٣
ħƣ
ãɫ䡣
֮⣬ɫһ䣬һͬһ⣬ٶȥ

ľ֮ȴûжԸתͷŭȣ
Сģ
Ȼ䣬һ˲ȴҲϾˣΪǰ޿һЦĿ
˶ԣ˲䶯֡
٣ʮֻϮ޿ˡ
޿˻ɫӿȭˣһ˸߹һˣǹӿ
ˣ֪ʲôǣվһԣΣǲ׼֡
ͬ⣬ľȻȥ
ľֲ׹˸ɱ
ǴӣɱİӣҪʬΣ
ͬǣȻײ
һ̣Χ۵ʿȻϢ
޿ˣ˿ҲֳעУЦ֮ɫмˣӲľֱ֪
ɱһмʥΪԼ޵𣬼ֱ
Ҫ֪ľһǶΪ죬֮
˴˿̣Ҳ΢΢ҡͷ
ɫ䣬ϧѾˡ
ʯײǣԤϵǣǵ⣬ڼ֮У˼һۣĿ꣬Ȼ꣡

ɫ䣬ɫ־壬ǣӦΪһУ̫ͻȻˣոЦŶԷ֪սľû뵽˲Ϣ֮䣬Էìͷ׼
޿ͫ׽ҪĶһ͡
䣡
˵ʱʱ죬ֻһͬʯײһ׷ɳȥһ·Ѫߡ
׷ɵķľ
ߣС
ľ״¶Ц֮ɫβ˼һת˲ùײ꣬Ҫ
ţ
ں˲䣬ľͫ΢ƺһѪӰһ˲ľ׿ɻ
˿̵꣬ѪѪӰֻǶԷѪˡ
˿̣֮󣬾ľŲʣֱɱ޿ˡ


ͬʱ𣬵һ޿˵ģ˿̣żٶĽ⣬¶Ц֮ɫ
ڶȴľԣ˿̣ɫŭмˣֱ
ŭ黹δʢһɾֺȻ֮ɫͷͫ׽
оڣѪȥס
䣬ƺͻȻһڶѪɺȫûУû
翴ȥֻľζȻס׹˸ǿΣȴڿٿήͬ˶Ƥ򣬿ο˲˸Ƥͷ

һ־岻ʵŭ֮ľҲֲסΣһͷʮɳɫ֮С
˿̵Ҳ䣬һƤͷĸʬһ㡣
ôܣ
ľĿ֮ڣ˲ϢϨǿϢȻţֻʣһŭڿе
ŭ𣬰˸ӵвʣп־壬ɻ
ľ䣡


353 ׳
⣬һƬš
һʿȻӦ
ľʥôˣĲף
Ҳֲ˵Ȼɫ˿̣ͫ׽
ô
޿ͫ׽ľͬǿߣôˣһѪ⾫ƺʲô˸ɾ
ͬһ޿ɫ䣬һҪˡ
ľ̫ˣðա
ˣ˲Ӧˡ
ֻɫһһ䣬ǵȻתΪǺħɭɭר꣬ǡ
޿⧲΢

һȣһȭһɫ
رȭ𵴣
ȭ̫ˣ޿ʹΪһʱҲûüסͬȭڣ𵴣
ۣ
޿˲ɵɳȥѪ
⻹ûֻ꣬һȭͬʱȭͷСڵѪߣõĹֳ˶˲ſ޿˵ϡ
Ѫãô࣡
ͫ׽ɫμˡ

޿ҽСȴôҲ˦ϵѪã
гѪáȺѪãȻܹʳԪȻʳޣѪͬʱɣǳ棬ͺܿɹˣ
ֻ޿ɫˮϵɫķѪøǣһдѪ˿Ĵ򣬶ңۿɼٶС

С޿˫ĿѪ죬һ䣬һ
𣡡
һֻ޿ۿɼϡ
翴ֻһıһ˲Ǻ򡣺Ȼ飬Ѫ÷ɳȥ

ɫһ䣬ɵ
һߣüͷɫǱ޿ˡ
֪޿ˣˮûϰǡոһɤӣɡң費ͣ
޿صĺţ
һɫɵоһ

ĿȻľɣ˿̣޿ˣɫȻ
ոһɤӣȻ˴󲿷ѪãмֻȸĲ޿ˣöԸ
˿̣޿ЩǱĬһһֻ˵ˣؼǸոһȺѪͻȻ⧲֮£ʳ˴Ѫ˿̣оͷΡ
ˣӽթ֣
޿ٲֹЦˬ֮ɫ˿̣ɫȵɫԵ
ԣüͷ΢壬ȴǲΪ
㡭úúãˣ㾹ҹħ壬֮󣬱˶Ǹָ˵޿һֱӸ˿˸ħñӣĿ⣬ȴɱ¶ȵС㵽˭
ߣвգҲ
һҲ
ԭ㣡
޿΢΢һ㶣һ˲ȴɫһȻ뵽ʲôɫ䣬Щ˼ɡ
Ҳɫһ
ԭ
ɹ٣һʮλ
ȴимʥ˵ɱɱľˣ
ǲ֪ɣ˵ʦһλۣ
˻棿
Ȼģ
Ҳ֪ȷʵģ
ǾȻҪĻ𣿡
Һøո޷֣ߣ֪ôģ

˾ۣ·岨һۣɫ𶯡
Զԭһ·ǻһֱŪԷһλۼʦңʵѾǿˣ
޿ǣʦԣ֮ͬսҵԤ
޿˵ɫĻĹǣ¹Цȥǣս
ոľһΣ֮ĸоǣǰ޿ˣȴûиָоˣûս
кƣʹУҲ֮Σ
ѵõĻᣬܷŹ
˻ôĿ֮ͬսһ˺;żҲͬ簡ܣ
ܵӵģ
㶮ʲôʺ磬ĥѣܳɴ
˵ˣ£ûʸ棬ֻУ

۷׷ף޿ɫһɱٴð
֨
ʱһĳֻֻʣƤͷȴֵû׹ľϣ䡣
ֻǵڿе壬ۿɼȥܿ죬ֻʣһƤƤڲڻڻ֭Һһ˸ߵѪɫӿȥ
ٶȣľ壬Ƭ̱ᱻɴ
ֻѪɫͨѪɫãһԻĹŵ׺֮ɢ˲ֱ

޿˼״һУҲ룬ȥɫǿ־塣
ѪãϹ׳Ѫã
ɫȻ㼱˶ȥлھС


354 Ů
һֱǸ
ЩΣѪѪʳֱһ㣬ʣ
ҲΪʲôǸУеʿһǶûҵԭ
ѪãȻܹһּǿҺڻͷɣù裬ħ
֮⣬Ѫûһ죬ǱǡѪ
֮ǰһȭ꣬ɲǵĺѣһ˲ѪûһѪСһѪ⣬һţ˳ϵ˿ڣѪ֮С
ȫƣֹֻ׳ѪıܣѪ֮Ǳ
ںľ˲䣬Ѫ˳˿ڷɳľϣ˲佫ǻ׹ɳһӣ˲ҧľ۽Ӵ塣
ľܲΪѪ÷ڵҺ壬ܹںϹ飬ʹ޸У
ڷѪδСķɣսϼѲοľʱ˫ĿѪ죬гűŭɱ
˳ľڣѪò¶ѪѪıԣһ˲ľڣǳһڶȫѪ⾫ӿ롣
˲书Ѫɿաľû
󡣸ûʣ£ƤѪ븹С㶼û˷ѡ
˿̣ѪѾ˸ߣǹǵѪɫӣռľ󲿷֡
ˣһͷƷޣʮɳ˲㱻Ѫʳ⣬ù裬ԵͷӶʣҲųŵ˸߶ѡ
ֲ죡
Ӹ潲ѪãֱһѪĿǣ׺̣
ʿӴĶһʿĶ࣬ˣ޿һ۱ϳֻϹ׳֮СڶѪãͷҲأӶݶȥ
ߣɫ塣
ѪȻϹ׳ǣǴ󲿷ԭΪȺӡһȺѪãơ
һ롣ȭͷСѪĶħͬǵأ˭˿ɵ
ոǰֻѪã˾壬ǣԶԶΣʿ
ǣѪòͬ
ѪеߣѪ֮Уһһ
ĿֲλϹ׳ڶĴڣ
˵ֱѪãֻǸо鷳ΣգѪãֻһɣ
ҲҺ׳ٶȲ죬ߣǽѪجΣǵۼǿߣҲҪһæҡ
޿ˣЩʧһ˲ȴǿɫӡ
Ůˣ¶ˮԵǣ˵飬ȴǲ࣬һʱ֪˵ʲôá
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ȴضһֱδֵˡ
һʿ˸󲿷ֹ˹֣תߡ
Ǵ󲿷ֵģ˿̲ߣʱ
ʿǼ˻Ե꣬Ķӡ
ǺǣսˣѪûͲ׳ˡ˿һ۱һѪΧƵѪãɴ˸
ѪѪɫ֮У޾ΪһʱҲľ¹˹֣λӣƿնȥ
ĿȥоһʼգλˣƺַȤȱȱ޿˺ľȤСر޿ˣһ£뵽ܶࡣ
ͷһţЩڣΪת˲֮䣬ոջַǷŵֳֻʣˡ
ȿȿȡǸ
ӣһʱҲ֪˵ʲô֮ǰڶԸʿάһദЩ֪˵ʲôõĸо
ȥɡ
ȴƿɴһȻĸ첲У顣
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ˣ
ɫһɱһһӴ㷢֣ƣܳأ
û£ˣûˡ
ͷĿһҸ
ܿˡ
գһ֣ӿ룬Ԫܶһӿڡ
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ģԪӿ԰׵ɫۿɼıúͬ͸ʯ
䵽ڵǴͥԺڳصƣѾȬֻͷģҪʱָ
ף
վͥԺ֮Уȴ΢΢ɣΪ֣ԶһϢϢоЩϤ
룬ֻǷŻ򿪣һųСԴ˳
һʧһСӨ͸ȪС̱ǣͬһһ㣬ܹӰӡ
ǣЩʧԭ
˿̣ģ˿һѪĸоͷ
ְˣһЦ֣
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ֻ֮һףߺ¡¡ֱ죬ͷۻ


355 
ͬʱսԶӰͷ֮ϡ
ˣźۣסȫĿҲû¶
֮УΪ֮ݣͷҲ԰һ㣬ˣ࣬һ⣬ûжϢй¶
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ôһأǿѪðϹ׳֮УڡλĴڣ
˼ǣ˵ս
ѪãѪãɶѾ˵׳棬һ׸λˡ
ӰһһЩ
ûǵϹ׳ѣʱ죬Ȼҵ֮ڣΪأΪ֮˻ǸŮӡ
ǣˣ
ԣ̬ȹ
ǱˣΪ֮˵ʵ
¾㱸ֻҪһ£Щ
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ڣͥԺ֮С
һ׵Ůһλ꣬ĿͥԺһްСŮޣһҸ
ְְְ֡㿴ˡ
СŮޱǰС֮УһɫССһɲ̲С

ǺһЦһѱСŮޣһСһ簮
裬ˣԺˡ
Ŀ϶СŮ޶ʱϲЦտһԵŮӣССȭͷţһС˷ܵķεĹ⻪
ˣһҡ
벹գ֮֡
Ů꣬вǣۡһ۱ȷŮʡ
Ŀɰ̳ʣܵۡˮľϵ
ոɫţǡ
ơСܹԼãչ򣬱һųһ졣
֮ĽȣڵĹЩϵ
ʣֻ꣬Сϰط꣬Լǿ
ڵĹҲϹģħĻ飬񣬺ȻΪڷЩȡ
ۿķԪ˺ڰ׸ʥа֮ӡ
Ȼǽ󷨡͡ħ󷨡ںϵļķħ
ݣ
ʱһƿͣڻڷ֮⡣
²ħ󣬵ʥ롣
ǷѶ
֮⣬һ⽣ɫ΢䣬
˫΢Уǰһץ⽣µģһŽһƤֽ

ƤֽϵϢɱһ
ƤֽȼּλͽڱУá󷨡Ѫްգ«ʱ򡣡
ôˣɫе
Щ֡Ƥֽݸüͷ΢壬
Ǹ壡꣬ɫ΢䡣
Ҳ˵ҡҡͷһǸ壬ǣɻǣ޿ˣΪνص㣬ں«ǲ
«벹ȺԶھҲ̣Ĵ֮٣ҲҪչ
ǽҲüͷ塣
Ǻǣ˴ݹ٣Ϊ£ü䣬ɫһԶգɫһһ˲ȴ΢΢һЦ
µȻˡԶУһЦֻһ׷ЯһһŮٷ
ˣȴ˺λͽܡ
֮ǰһˣɫЩȻ
Զ롣һħһͨ
Ȼǡ˵˵ͷȶ롣
ҲСָӦ
Ǻǣ˵Ϸ浣쭡ͥԺ֮УǺһЦ
ź·岨˵ͷ˲һ飬ͬ˵ͷʱѾˡ
ĳµĲʱ˱µ˰ɡУͷŴνĿ⿴ɫɣ֪ʲôط¶ţͷˡ
ɻǣͷʼգû˵Լķ֣ٽħϵı֣ˣ̬Ⱥ
ǺǣûϷҲ̾ΪֹǰδϷһ裬ϢһС˻δ䣬ֻһͷʮɳԺС
ⶫеŴıڻ鲼ʺɫۣͷ­߷ûǣɢŵ
ڻһ֣㻯һλ۴󺺣վޱ顣
ʦ壡·岨ˣ
ѪɾƷ֮һӿУһرĺ˿
ԭˣ˵ͷȴǾǳȻܹɢĺһֿµ츳


356 ǧʥ
Ԫ޶ࡣǻ۴ޱ飬ͻȻ
оһλǵʦȻԹǣ֮С
Ԫ޶࣬ѵԷʵ䣬ѾˣǣǶʮ٣ɾ֮λģҶɽ֮£ǰòŷġ
ЩԣѾ֤ʵˣʵɡ
һʱ䣬ɻ
ԣɫ΢䣬ɫǡ
ԵգѽգĻ۴󺺲ţһ棬ʮɵĹȻһ壬˵ϡ档
˽ǰĳԪİɣ翪żɽΣȴûشֻ˫΢У
ãȻ˿Ϸ˴ǰ̸ġ˼״Ҳ
µĲ㣬Ҫ⵹ɣЦЦ
һͫ΢λ۴Ծɫ
ϢͨϷ󣬱ǰ⵹ɢ˸ΪϷгϵӡ˹һЦ
ߣ˵ϢҲ֮ͨ˫΢Сһ
Ǻǣɷġڳϵӱ֮£ϷոռһѶˣ޿ˣѾ׼ˡ˺ǺһЦг񣬵Ҹȡ衣Σ
ĳû˺ĳ⣡һǻ۴󺺣Ϣ֮ܲöʥαװһλм
δ䣬һһָֻѪɫ˳֣Ѫá
ľ֮ѪָֻԭĴСֻ׶
һԣһٳڻС
һڣ׷ɫ䡣
۴ϣʥϢ
λӾ֮ࡣɻ֮ɫǵʦ塣һλʥʦôꡣһ֪
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˿׶Ѫãͫ׽Ͻֹüһôľ룬ΪҲ˵Ϲ׳аȻ
ߣҪøó⣬ߣڲٶλʿ꣡
һ̣У׹ֱ׺Ե
粻ƫƫʱȻö㣬֮Ըɢ˸ȴŻ۴һƣҪۣһ˸޷֡
ţϼһǹʹ׼벶ȸں뷨
һ֮ǿƵ̬֮£Эˡ
֪ǻ۴󺺣ʥ
ȰסҪһ֮˷䣬˿̣ȴǻһۡ
Դˣ˺ʥҲû룬źһ«ȥ
չһ˺«Ĵ֮ϣһɽ֮С
˵أ޿Լ֮ء
һ۱㿴λӺ;аϣǲ赺һڣȻˣһ˫۾ֱתλ޷
֮⣬ˣһ޿ˣȴʶ
һһλаӣһһλаŮӣаƣɨȥλ壬ϧۣ͸˵ıࡣ
ĶʥһаӣǶʥаŮӣΪ߼ʥ
û뵽Ҳˣɫ΢аӣ
ϣþòаӿˣ¶Ц֮ɫһ˲ȴĿת
ԴӶֱӿ޿ˣ޿ǣ
аӼ״Ŀ֮Уһ˿ɱ
һԽˣɾ䣡޿ȴǹЦδ䣬ֻ«˲䱻
˲䣬˺ԣֱӶ֡
޿ֱӶˣаŮӶϴ˿¶мΪʥ
ģȴаӣɢ˵ĸ
ߣ˵Ϲ׳ѪãԹԽȫʬа䣬һʤȯյɫ
ҲǣöʥԸһмˣֵңаӣƺѪû˿־壬еģֻ̰
ǧɵǧʥԦࡣߣʶ֮ԴͷȴǺаŮӴսʥ
˿̣ʥԵúɣаŮӣȴһ⣬мԤϵ̡
һߣ޿˺˴ѷ֡
Ԧ࣬ѵһܼԦѪã溬ڴ֮ɫǧʥЦ
¶ԷҪʧˣ


357 ս
𣡡
һ˲һ޺ֻһͷ˫ĿѪľԳ˲ûڡ
𣡡
쳤˫ĿѪ졣
ս긽壡
ǧʥȻҲǼʶ֮˿̣Ŀ΢䣬һ˲ȴǰ¾⣬¶Ц֮ɫս긽Σм˶ѡ
ֻǣǰСӣѪãаޣҲûʲôɱСӣѪ֡
ţǧʥɱһߣһƶ
ǧʥ¶ЦĿȴƳаŮӵĶ֣öӹע
мˣǶȻסģһ壬˲Ὣճɺڻҡ
ǻ۴󺺣ƺЩء
ʲô
һ˲ǧʥһģתͷɫ䡣
Ǹмˣ˿ֻһɴСǻëһץס棬ȻԷһëûյ
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˫ĿѪ졣׷ᣬɴֺɨ
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ۣ
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ǧս긽壬ǧȻֻǲ˸ߣǣҲǧʥһܡ
˿̣ڿжסΣǱָͷļͷˡ
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ϧ֪һսǶԷֲħ֮ǳԶս
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޿˺ͫ׽ֲһ͡
аŮҲһ㶣Ķֿû㶡
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аŮֻüͷһ˲ʲô֪ˡ
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۵һƲһˤڵϣ˫ĿԲɣĿ
һ˲⻪ֳԭΣһͷ޴ĺɫ֩룬ظλãտҲ
һȭɱǶʥ͸߼ʥĲ
ɫ΢䣬ʥľګԹԭҲթҲʲôûɫ

ǧʥ쳤Хʥһ˲ȴɫһ
ֻʥԷһۣһͬȣȴǹ޿ˡ
ߣǧʥսݱ
һɴСݺأУΧ죬챻ųˡ
ǧʥӿֹϧԷľֵס
һʱ侹ƺƾС
ǧʥмˣô㲻޿˴˿̱һˣһʥΧɳȵ
޿˴˿̣з࣬Ϊи֣֮«һʥһ߼ʥټˣκβ˺Ѫã
ûм˶ѣֿ
ǧʥڳѪãв
û뵽ˣ͹
裬Ҳ֪мѣǽ죬ʵһİƣмһƺһλ߼ʥȻǺͬȾʿ
һ㣬˵ɢУ֪ˣص̫ˣ
͸ģ
м˵Ϣǣֻô£һķǧʥͷķ飬ۻ
ֻ֣Ͽ֣ǣǻëô£ָô£ǹ׺ĵϢô£Ͳһʲô칦һֻצ
Ǹ壬ȻܹԻһֻëצ˭ܸ赽ô£
ִ򲻹ܲ«Ľƣ˿̣Ľ͵ʯͷԼĽš
޿˺ŭ𣬵ǣûʱ䡣
˺ʥĬһʱ֧穣ϵ˿ڣѪûͣȥɡ
ӱ
ǧʥƺҲǣˣ޿˫ĿѪһȣȴг
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䣡
һ޺䣬ҡض޿˺˽еķԱˣһƷԱܹըһĶʿ
Ǹ
޿Ѫ磬Ȳѣ˫ĿѪ죬Уӳһ
䣡
һ޺䣬ƷȻٴԱǺ«ĽϣըһС
޿˹˲ݵһɳȥһ·Ѫꡣ


358 Ϸ
ˣ죬ס
޿˸ӣȴǶȻ
ȴ˿̣ǧʥȴһʿ쭶ȥ
׷ᣬͬʱп
˿̣ΪܷԱһʲԶ
һһͶһۣΪںˡ
룡
Уֻٶȱ˲ԽǧʥɴƣһƺӦǧʥϡ
ۣ
ǧʥ⧲׹գǷ͡
Ʋˣ˫ĿѪ죬žƣ׷ȴ䲻һͻȻֵס
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ʥüͷ΢壬һҪˡ
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һضɽҡʥûзӦ㱻һưڵء
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ԭǧʥոյĴսϷ
ʱص֮ǰʥͻȻһаŮӣǧʥŭ𣬾Ҫ쭣Уȴ
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ǧʥԣɫһͬ⣬ǣ˴罺һĻ
ΪΪʲô
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ΪʲôʲôЦˣαʲô
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ԣЦ񡣲ƽСɫ
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㹻ˣһЦһʥʬ壬ˣĿ꣬ɡ
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ߣǧʥԹбģȵɢ֮λҲʪļ֣ʸ񵱵ģ
ϻǸߡ˷ۣи̡
ƥһ֮λѣûô죬㣬صĺ޿ϱҲעɡǧʥһΪһ֮λƥ㵹ƴġ
ļ飬ӣƺʹľˣ˿üͷ塣
һд̽䣬ϷˣȻһ̾һ˲ɫԹϷʹڣ͹㣬
δ䣬ϣɫĻë壬ӡ
ǧʥƺЩп
ϷҲŮ顣˿ʹЦ
ЦȴûάֶãΪԷеЦ֮ɫ
ı㣬ͽܣɻ۵ĺܡһЦɱһƣȬ
ȴԭһֱڷˣڵʱͷ֣·岨˵Щԣ±һã˵ƣȻơ
ͷˣϷ򲻸ʰһ仰ƺ׻ˣһп޵ĺ֣Ȼ̼ƻƲ
ֻУɢУǲʣǧƣȴͽϣȴһм˺ƷĿ
һϢɢǱˣӣϷ֮ƣ֮λҪŲɵƾ
˹ЦͷȻȳɢ˵ľܡ
ۣ
ֻϧδ䣬㱻ɫˮǧʥһɼ顣
ˣ䣡
ģʱҪˣɫ΢䣬дֻ˿̣ǧʥȻĿ⣬ƳԶһʡ
ǺǣǧʥǳɵƾǻԵģĳûȤ
н䱸ȴǺǺһЦһ˫ѪĿǧʥ
ߣ𣿡ԴˣǧʥмЦոմսԷǺ˾Ǿ֮УһĻϢͻʮܡ
ȻǻԵģԣĻһš
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364 
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ڣʹ࣬ʹ꣬ҽУҲֲһĮ˿̣
ΪʲôΪʲô⵽ʲôɫУǺڡ
ɫĮŲڡ
ʱصϢ֮ǰ
ĵ֮ϣȴ볬ֲ԰С
ʲô취ϵϰ𣿡
ءԡһ˲˵ͷ
ǾͿ죬ҸоΣգüͷеǣڤڤУоһͷ
á˵ͷһ
Ҳ䶯һ˲ãʶǸ֣ȻţȻ䣬ƺԽռ䡣
ҲʱʶУһõĵֳ֣ĽɫȻסʼڡ

һҽеɫʶУаŲŲʿ־ڵȵŤ
֮УһöȭͷСĽɫԲ
֮˲ףǲ֮ϴѾֱ֮ġ
ֻǿһۣһʶع壬Ϊƿռ䣬ϵάֵʱ䣬ࡣ
һһɫ͵Ĳһ֮볬ֲ԰
һ˲Ŀ⿴ɫʯ⣬Ȼ֪ʲôǣǸˡ
֮䣬ɫʯͻȻʧռеɫ֮Ȼһ١
ǡ
ǹͻȻֻ⴦СıϣѷСܱߣϱ顣
ãɫʯʧСҪˡͷһʶ۲λãǸոսķ


365 ϹŲһ
󣬲һӰͻȻ֡
գ
Ӱһ˲ͷ亹
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ĵ̫Ҫָһ
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ֲ԰УССڻ䵭һŤһԣͰɫȴ֪Ǻá
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û£ֻҪ˯ܳʱˡ΢΢һЦ
㻹ɡЩǣƽʱȻԣһһĸȴǺܺá
İɣֻǳ˯ʧ˵䣬Σá
ԣϷҲ顣ʧüͷ΢壬ͻȻ
ʲôͻԡɫ䣬
İɡڳֲ԰Уʧͻƴ֮ʱȻתʱ˵еļ䣬ָҡҡͷ͵
˵ѡͻ˿
ʶеġ֣ǳֲ԰ĸγ˯ҲΪǿд߶ǡ¡
ǧǵãۺʱҪ¶ֲ԰ĴڣȻȱԤУĵˣǿ󣡡
ֲ԰֮գ¾δ֪˶Ծ֮ʱ
˿̡ΣȻãȴ

ԣɫĵ˵ͷشҪɼ̬֮ء
ǰ𣿡ɫʳһֱɻ
ƺˡصԺΣȴȻɢ
ƺˣüͷ΢壬𰸣ģɣԼҲȷ
֮ת𡣡뵽˵ת˫΢Уɫᶨ
ϷûпĻⶫɫʯܳеͻſռŵɫʯΣź룬
Ŷϣʶɫʯԣȴɫһ
ߣϷϹţȻʶ㡣ԣͦͦһԺ
ȻʶͿ˵⵽ʲôͷ
˦ˣһϵģɷ˸ۣߴٵ
λˣϿɲҵһ͵ⶫϷҲֻǼһЩأ֮㼯
֮㼯֮ԣһ֮ɫ׷ʵ
Ҳȫǡָ룬¶֮ɫϷϡǵãɫʯֻкĵһ֮֮ڱģ꼯Ľᾧţˣ벻ǧȥˣϷļԣôۣ
֮ΪǴĽᾧңдá
˼Уɫʯʱ⡣
ǿ֮磬ʵҲʱģǷĻۡ
ķһرһؿֲԱƣʱ䣬һ㶼԰ͣųɵʿֹһľԪ
һеľųɾţڶǻҲɵ֮·
ʣЩ΢΢ԺԲƵĲ֣ǳɾ͵۾ģ˵ûС
ȻЩָͳ֮·ƾԪƾĲ֡
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ˣϷˣɫʯϹʱڲһıԴӲһʧ֮ʯҲ֮ʧˣˣĵõģ
ɫһ뵽һ㣬ɿɻ
ԣЩΣ˵ĳƺţǺͰּۻ֮Ľǰ֣˵ˡ
֪Ϻ꣬ϹϵϾһǰ;壬һ裬ôǰ;
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366 һ
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Ÿɴ湦鼼岻һƤ飬Ҳоʯֶβһ龧ʯ֮Уģǲͨ
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콣ȤǿĿǰľ磬Ҳ޷ɣרʮԪ
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һöʯУصĶȤ
һз֮ͨǰҲǲֻɫ֡
һУԻһã
Ƚףδ֪
ңǲȱģ
ˣҲСһɫã˲䱻޻֮
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ǲģⲹһǲСи̣ȴϲЦտ
һãҪҪоȫķԣһ㣬ʺ
֮ǰΪʮϧι̡
ټϳֲ԰Ĺϵʶɾͣʶǿ
ۺĻۣͻʱΪһ·쭣ֱӴﵽм˵ıԵ
Ϊʯ̥ΪٽΪ
Ϊܿ죬ǣоȫֶͨΣһֱûСȻезܹͨǣҲֻܵȵͻƴ۵ʱ򡣲ܾѡ
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ÿγ֮ʱҪзԪȡеĵһԡرȭҪȡԷ֮ҪԵķ߲ҪˮԷ
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뵽ȴǶȻһ
ˣӼֱħˣһͻȻһԹӣϲա
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мˣȻʹһ⣬õϢпܵõ˳ɵ֮أ˫΢У˿̵ɫĻڲǰĽ󣬸ûʱһУȻǴŮαװģ
˵׽޿˾ɲУ̰֮ɫ
벻ǣǶҪˣϵĸԣˡ˰֣콣飬ǾԲŹģңҲûкùӳԡ
ǡô죬Ů޿ԣЩ塣
Ůͣԣͫһ˿Թ֮ɫ
ȷʵǲŮǣһ⣬ĸףǲͽܣʱѲ
УûŮҲûУֻȡ˸֣ꡣ
һ˽ĮΪǣ
УԲֻк⣬αװĺܺãֻ֪ǸԵٸ
ƺǼ̳˲ʣʣɫͲ󣬱Ѿмˡ
ͬǶˣô긩µˣɫкεıġ
ɲһĶˡ޿ҡҡͷǱ֮ɫȨûû˵ǰŮӣҲһŮӣĻڴŮǰΡ
㲻뵱ĸô㵨ЦȻ콣ģǣҲܹģֻҪһأҵ˵ȴǾƱסġ
ǡô죿޿һ˿η塣
ߣų򣡡һĲѣУȴһöҺɫʯͷ
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ķȥڵС磬ͿˡУһ˿Թһδ¶棬ϵõ˳ɵ۵ܣĸԣȻأ벻ܹǴС磡
ر˴ϣǱ͵ϮɣϷҲаգɵ޿ԣЦ
ߣʱ㵱ĸңǸˣͷſЦ޿ˣϵⲻѣͫȴһ˿мɱ
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367 ֲ
ҹ󣬲һ㡣
һһӣһʧƬ̹򣬴Ƭʧⲹһ㣬Եÿտյ
꣬Ȼ
һµ꾡
˿̣ȴڰᲹ⡣
ⲹһǾ⣬⡣
˽׵ͼ鼼׸߼鼼ʤ˰ʱŽ֮ꡣ
ЩȻûʲôãǣڣȴдá
ڵ̫ǳǣ󴫳УȴԼķḻڵ鼼ŵ̡
һܣ죬һЦ
ˡ
ʱһ΢΢һһ˲һţ
Ӱͬʱ֡
л谵ĹߣԿһһŮʿǸڷ꣬Ůӣһ߹ꡣ
һһ۱㿴һ꣬ɻһ
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һ˲ķӦһ˲Ŀ
üͷһ塣ˣǲ޿Ϻٸꡣ
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ССˣռ죬һҪ죡
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뾡뿪󣬲ٴ֮ǰôܲѪ
֮꣬ɱһ
һ䣬һԽֻ֣һչͬһ⣬ȥͬʱһȭһɫХ
ϸͻ֣ᷢ磬ɵɫĲƼ϶ɡ
رȭ𵴣
˿̣Уĵз֮⣬ܣС
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ȴԭôһᣬУ೤Ѿ
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һ˲ֻɫ׹⣬˲ûڡ
ۣ
ֻ귭ɳȥ϶Ѫһ·Ѫꡣ


368 ɱ¾ȥ
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״һڳɫ䣬Ȳѣֹû
Ƴһ۵Ѫ꣬üͷ΢壬رȭȫ̽ܣԷȻû
һ˲Ͼٹע
ΪĹɫû
ĺã
Цս
̤߲дرȭȭ硣
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֪֮֮Զһ
ѣԾˣαֺͨܿ죬Դ˼αֶ֮ͨ࣬Ҳһʿɱȣ
ڳԽսԽ壬ΪǷ֣ѹס
ۣ
ڣӹһλϣѪէ֣ⳤ϶һ٣ɫСɻ֮ɫδʢ۵һһΪѪ硣˲䱻ǿķ
ۡ
ͬЧӦһλϱһŲͷϣ˲䱻⣬ڤ֮
һ׽ɨһλ׷롣
ɫһţһλһ٣һ˲ë֮СѪͬһ̲࣬ſˣﻹһ˿ܹⳤϵڣͻ֣ᷢ辭磬ȫĩһƤͻΪѪĩ
⡣Щĳһʬʧ

ɱλϣĳϲɾг˲ԶУ˲һƬյء
Щϡ󲿷ֶǵмˣۿλм˶˲ɱĻΧ
ڼλ߼ˣոջ͡˿̣һɫأóȻǰ
ÿһγ֣ȸ߼ˣͣǿɲԷ
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޿˲鿴һƣ̧ͷ㿴λϱɱУλмϣɫݣȵ
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ɱ

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콣ôܣ
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УΨи콣ٸֻǱ˼򻯰콣һˣȻᣬôܣ
䣡
ཻһ𣬽ţһ޺䡣
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޿ϣлͣ
ȻУֻɵβͣһ˲ΧȦЦصڿС
ģ׷޿ɫһ׷ȥ
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ò󣬾һм˴ֵɱλϣ־ǵ棬֮ززֱ̰
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УһڲĵӿżԶȥһڳϣĿɿڴ
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ܲӵɻ󣬴˿̣Ѿ뿪ٶȣУܹ׷
˿ֵ̣ҹϡ¹ںϣһƬϣֻк֮֮⣬һƬš
һ⣬һҪ뿪һ˲ȴɫһͣΡ
ˣϷܵ˰˲Ϣ


369 
ģǰϡ
Ϊ飬һܣǱǣܹһΧ֪˲Ϣ
˲һɫһ׷ʵ
ֱʮҡ

ͬʱʮﴦһССĵ
СߵĽʯϣһϥ
ͻȻ䣬ֻ˫Ŀ֮ͫУһ˿⡣
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Ŷȥɡ˻СüͷӲѣ£ЩΣ֪ͨ
δ䣬ֻУһݡ
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˶Ŵ˵һͨһ۲ķһ
δգֻǰһɫͻȻ֡
ףԣ
ɫ֡Уһ˿֮ɫһ˲ܵɫֵɫɻ
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˿̣ǰ֮ˣһߴꡣ׷ϵϢȻǶʥ
ؼģǰԵϢǴӴϷ

꿴ˣ˫һУ
Ŷʶң˭Ҳڽʵ
ԣɫһ䡣˵ỹ˭ⲻҲ
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ÿٶȣ
ȴ֣ľ룬һԶ
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һһͬǣιȥХ֮ˣ𵴡
ˣҸӦˣǰʮﴦãϵͻȻ
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ɫ֮У֮ϣ׵׹͸ɫ֣ɢ
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Ƭ֮ɫֻɢ׹ȥۿɼģɫ۵£һȭͷСĹİڻ䶯
վҶ


370 ֮
һսҲͼϢ֮䡣
վǰ
Գƣ˿̣˿ҶڣƺѪħǱҧѪţֻҪǰһ˲仯Ϊʬ
Ϲ׳֮Ѫã⣡
οϢУ꣬ѪҲԵһֻߣϹ׳֮УڶѪã
Ǳ㽻ġɫ
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378 ȥ
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380 
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381 ͱ
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ս棬ҲΪζݽֲ֣ͨ԰صڵԭ
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ͬʱ¼ڱĳ򴫵ݵ
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395 
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400 Ϲ
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ոһսѾ̽Ĳ࣬壬ƷħֻҪӲȴ̫Զ
Сӣƣɫɫһ˫۶Ȼۣ֮
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һЦһ֣Ȼɾ޴ħ֮ƣһƺԻĹŵѹɢԵһĻȵϢ
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ϢϿƺһħ֮ңƺȼܸߡ૵
ħ֮壬Сӣ⣡ˮ̾
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˼״޲ͫ׽ֳһƬš
м˶Զʥһƣɣ
У˿ħ֮Ƶģüͷ΢ģȻȭȵѪҺʡ
ղԶת޸ٶȲ죬䣬תһѪⵤ븹Уۿɼģȭ޸
Ĵ󣬱ѡսⲫκˣ


408 ң
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޿ӲϼӴ棬ʹսһ˲һ𣬾޿֮Уš
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409 о
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ŭţֲܲӽڷ


410 
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ȥһɽڡ콣оһ


411 غ
𣬳ͷ­죬һ˫ĿԲɵͷ­д˾֮
ⲻԶפڴˣͲΧЩ壬һɫ֮Уо֮ɫرɨһͷ­㲻ԽĲ
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û˿ԥֻС۽ǻӼʱһССŻ֡


412 鱦
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˲һǬֱУصǡϣ֪Ϊʣ
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415 컯
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ûһĸ֮߰ˮ򵥰ѹܺɽŵ
һ˲䣬Щͷ
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418 
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Դſлڼٻ۵Ľƣһ壬٣Ҫ
֮෴ȴǹһЦһֱ̤˻ԣз⣬ұƺһڶ޾ɫ׵类ɡ
̶ֳȵ٣ϰַҲǶȲȥġ
Ȼ˵٣һԭΪǰַҪͻƵ֮
ǻצϵɫҲڱֶֶյͣҲڷű仯
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Ѫɱ䣬Ʒ޽ΪƷޣ
ΪͻƣѪһ٣˵ǻ٣

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ۣǿԪƾɾ͵ĴۣһԼı³ɾʹۣɫȻѿ
ϢǸ߹ޣֻƺЩӣ˵زԶѵλʥۿһѩۣ²
ʥλƺϹ޽ëѪ˵һֱڱչأͻƵĻҲ֮Сѩ۵˵ͷͬ
α˵ô࣬ȥ֪͵۵Եδ䣬һͷ۵Ľɫ˱Ժһ˲ռ䣬ټ
һԣʯɫһ޴Բʯһš
͵ѩ۹һЦԺһͷ޴ѩնȥ
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ۺ۶һۣԺ󣬳һͷɫƿնȥ
ۼǿߣ׷׳࣬ǰȥ½ѣǵıż̸ЦۿʿֶΡ
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ģð𣬰ͷַ磬ʰֵ֮࣬١
ǰ֮ԣͬڶĿֲףұ֮Уħ΢ѿֲٶȱ
ٵĴ̼Ľղ壬ڿɱ䣬ĸǿ


419 췣
˿̣ۼǿߵķ࣬Ѿ׷׸ϵ˿̣඼Ϊ͡
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޾Ƶľۼ췣֮ԽԽӨĮ֮ͫУϹŨ֮컯Ϊڹˡ


420 췣
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421 Ƽ
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422 ս
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ļλʱٶȵɶأѪ⼸λʿӵܣ硢Ͱ

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͵۱ŭɫҪ۵鷳˿̣ȴɫ΢

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423 һȭ
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429 ޻ɽ
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̸ܣЩħ壬ıѾðͷָĻ֡
ʮѰؾʣµİ˲Ⱥҵ񣬻İ˸ÿһϰһ˷
޻ɽ
һۻͻȻһ㶣һ˲
뵽˻ĵһȺɽ߷޻ɽĻɽ﷢ֵģʱֻ˲֪Ǿһ۵ʬ
һ۵ʬڻɽڣʬ屻ʱ򡣻ɽ춯֮ȴƽϢĲԣпһӡиˡ
޻ɽҪȥ˫΢Уопܾǲ½ħһͨ

ɫɡ˿̸ǻõվһڳϺ͵Ӷʱɲ
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Щħ壬ͨ尵֮ɫͷɫħ֮ϣɫħơ
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ʵ֣ħΪħħħħۣд˵еħ
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ո߳󣬱оһǽ鷨ĹЧѹֶԷ¶֮ɫ
鷨֮£ǷԪԪԪҪƣħȴС
ķչӿܣ鷨󣬱ǳɹ֮һϧħħЧ񣬸ǱħԸ塣
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棬ħһ𣬺ɫ䡣
ߣЦһһֱ̤ӳħǰֱסԷĲӡ

ħͷ϶ʱͻͰɫĸˣУ޾Ŀ־֮ɫж϶塭ۣôܣ
ǶħȴԷ赭дץס˲ӣħȫʹǰ׷壬Ȼһۣ
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ħ֣棬ħ£˫ĿѪ죬һħֱɱŨҡ
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˫΢У΢ħһԤϵǿ󰡣ħ嶼Զս˿ֹۡ
ͷһһ˲ֻһа
һͷѪɫѶֱһħ塣
ѪԹ

ѪԹһ֮ħ壬׷׻ΪݹǣһħҲ⣡
Ѫɷħħħ壿ħŲӲܶȴܷ˿̣г˿־֮⣬ɻ֮ɫ
ϣܵ˴ѪɷħħѪħħѪħħҪԷѵħѪħ壿


430 
ɫ΢ͷħԱɱһħħƺںѪԹȤ
֪½ʵΪ𣬶ħ磬ǳѭһ
ǿ߿ߵǧٹ̵ͳΣЩߣҲԶѭһ
ħĳǿߣҲΪǿߡֱӵħսѪɱη
ۼѪԹķЩħ壬ƺη塣
ԽüͷԽ
ѪħˣҡҡħµĻġħ˿̣˫Ŀͻ𣬿챻ˣУȴϣ֮ɫ
磿
ԣɫһ΢ɡ
˿ûС˶ħ׹Գƻħɫɶʱ΢ɣ
ϻ˵üͷһ壬ɱһ
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״ͫ׽Ͻ͡
֪ԭǰλħ壬ǵħԳħ壬硣
磬ڲ½ħļз䣬λòԼħ硣Ҳ֪˽Ĵڵġ
Ǵħе֪ħĴڡ
ǰͻȻһͨͨһ硣ʱħ˽ͨǽеħȴһɿֲѹ촷ۣǿħֻü˵Լļ֮ҲȻС
ħȴЩϢУóһۣǸ磬пܣഫе磡
ǣħ̽ͨΪˣħʧأǷ֣ǿֲڻֱֲƺʧˡħ壬ŵԴ˽硣
ħΪβ˽磿һǰϹϾĻ
ˡħ˶ħ봫˵еħ֮Ҳֻа벽֮ңѡͨ˽ͨȴǲ֧ǿĴͨһݡĲˬ֮ɫͷҶ࿴
⡭硣೤ʱˣ
ˣǰζЩ̽ӣģ֣żѣⲻͱˡЩ橣ΪĻ󣬶ǰĴˣһöûС
ڴӴ˽õĽ鷨ʧЧȻΪǰλǸѪħ壬鷨ЧŹ֡
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˵ħ棬Ҳħħ壬뵽ɫӹ
ˣƺ磬ǽ½ĵطԴ֮ḻȴǱḻ̫ˣ˵ħҲڴִ˽磬ˣСĴ磬Ψħհ
ͷ֮һŰѪԹһ˿֮ɫ䲻ںЩħħǣȴҪЩչԴ
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磬ǿȥħҲ֪սΣ
УսһѪԹǰ·֮ħ御ɿݹǣնУһһɽȥ
ػ۽֮УһڶĶƺҪ˶ɣһ۰׷ڵػ۽֮УȴǺ
ߣݹǸ
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ͨƺԽȥ
һһ˲һ̤˱̤ڶ֮С
ǰһŤ˲书Ѿһɫ磬ǰɫģûǳڵĵϣǵػҡ
һ硣¶ȼߣŵζ
öӵ磡üͷ΢壬޽ӽɵʶɨżзһЩħ޲׶񣬻֮ɫ
ףħ塣
ͻȻ䣬ɫ΢ʶľͷһ֧ǧ˵ħĶΪ׵ģҲǸżħ
λħżħеһλˡһа
ӻĿе֪磬˶ħħ֮⣬żħֱǻɫ
թŰɫɫλħһ࣬ϢŰʣǻɡ
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ħˣȥ죬ǻǿ·ɡѵ
ߣǸһȻűǰ磬ͣߣΣҪԣʱŭҲĹעոյ쳣ȫǰ


431 ħ
ˣھȥ
䣬һ
ʲôˣҡͫ׽ŭһҰУһȭͷȻֱ֣ӽŭȴϡ
һ˲۵һͷ­鿪һ֮

һѪаһͷѪɫʼЩħѪꡣ
Ƭ֮ǧ˵ľӣֻʣһؿݹǡ

һѪɫ֮ڣű¶Ůħ裬֮ϣһȫħ˫ۣΧŮħ
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䣡
ʱһĴţһ鿪쳾
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޴ĺֲĳӣؿѣ죬ĩյ磬Կֲ

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սΣֹѪԹλƶԷʯʼǣȴûһ˿Ѫⱻɵĸо
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ħߣΪԷһȣȭҵħףХ
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״˫΢Уֻҡһ䣬˲һ׷۵һڷꡣ
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һ˲ȴɫ䣬ΪֻԷһȭʱһɫ缫ٶδӦ㹥ڡ
رȭ


432 
ħξ𣬻汩ǡ

ֻһŭһ˲һ޺䣬ħʮȻ飬һĽͬһ貵̻
üͷ΢壬û˿ɣΪԷϢû˿
ۿȥֻĽ֮УһͷСĻʯͷ³һŭд࣬
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ǺǣҡƺĽŻħŭɱһ飬̾
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ħ˿̣ɱӯҰʵ翪ʼֻ֪ڵصױչ׼ͻħۣǣ¾ħĵģҡˣֱĻɫħеŭɱѲʺͻơ
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üͷ΢壬Ҫħ֮һ˲ȴ΢΢һ٣Ϊ֣ħȼյĽղ壬ƻ֮󣬿޸޸ƺ֮ǰǿôһ˿
ҪСһ˿ղ嵽˺ڣѣʮУղޣ꣬ͣͲǰ
˿̣Ȼһ˿ɫһŻʹɵħȼա

һʶ֮У˿̣ɫʶ𶯣Ũ
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ʮУ۵ʶѾŨɴСһССİ֮أ˿ֽ̣ǧٱٶȱ
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Ƭֱ֮ʮһɣڤڤУƺһڵ㣬ʶУˮأʮֹѵԲɡ
֪ۣںͰһͻƵıԵ
ͬʱħڴƻղĲԣ޸޾ǱΪ֮޸
ղۿɼٶǿ
֣ƺɫķ˸תƤ⣬Ĥٵֱ衣
ѪҲһ㰵֮⡣
һ̣ƺͨ͸ˣڵ⣬ɢⰵ֮ɫƺת
ղ壡ɣ
˵ʵҲϢ֮䡣
ħǰһɱŭ˿̣ȴЩɡ
ΪԷƺû
˿̵ӱ濴ңëȫޣѪѾڣٱħȼճɻңֻɫѪڷ϶Уǰ֮ɫȴͬҹеƣ˿ƺǿ
ߣֶܼã
ħߣħ׻Ƹͣ޾Ļûëڣ졣
ʱڷŷ츲صı仯


433 ħ
ĵħĴҴܣǣȴ޷ڽзֺƻ޾Ľ֮ת֮䣬ϡ
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ͳͳΪְɡ컯˸ſֲĹ󣬴һţͬһڶ޾ħͷɣ


434 ɾʹ
ħͷͬһ㣬ӿĴ֮С
䣡
һ󿪣һ޴̨֮ϣӰϥֻ˺һģһͨ尵֮ɫͷһֻۣһɫԲֳ֣һʨͽƣԣθǶء
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⣬ǻõϢѧԺԺˡħֱƹʯ۹ءȥ򣬿Ҫǧʥ
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˵꣬׹һڵĵӣģɱ֣࣬಻ħ壬塢壡
ģںɲֹô㣬ⳡսеĴǾǡЦһƿնȥ
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ʵϣЩħ壬ҪĹ󣬱ǸһЩͨˣûжǡ


441 ˵
أǧʥŷԶЩΣĿ⿴һڡ
Ȼġ껹ֵ˵꣬ȥ
Ȼ˵ġħǧʥɴҡͷһ˴СĻƿնȥ
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445 ֮Σ
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ϧ̫ˣֻѪӰһ̣дƬʿסѪ˸䣬ΪѪѪɫħӰڡ
ãָλɫ䣬ֲĹħ۷
𣡡
εĹյЧħ۷ѪɫƺЩȡ
á֮£ħ۷ܴأλӰѾ
ڴм״ɫ𡣸ӷĹ
੡ʣʰ
ʱԶһ੹Цֻһ߲ն˫֣µĿųеĴս
ףɽũˣ
ɽũˣħ۷ָһҲӲˣ죬һ𹥻֪Ĵмˣɫһٵ
ã֪Ĵмˣȴͫ׽ɫ䡣
ٺٺ٣ãããǸ飡ɽũ˺ٺһЦоһ
ãСģĴڵƽ̼״ȴɫ䣬
ˣֻɽũιһŤѳһλǰ۵һһֱֻۣѾûǴеš
鷢ˣֻڹ˸λоЦݣֲǣۿɼٶȸɱ
ϣǿֵЦݡ
ʲôһԣһλɫȻŭȳ
ɽũüͷһתȥ
翴ȥֻɽũ˿λһۣ飬ʿ
ֻһλɫһϣԳЦݣȻѡ
ɽũ˺Ͼ֣ժǴеԴʱѪ
ʼգǴеϣû˿ʹ֮ɫе㣬ֻа֮⡣
龰һʿëֱ׷Զ˴
ոλУھżУٮٮߣĴڣȷʵǶ˵Ķ֣ǣҲ޷̸֮ЦһȥһժԴ
˭üͷ壬ɫȻ
ੵ˭ǲǶ֪ɽũ੹Ц
ԣɽũˣˮ˶Ȼҡͷɽũ˵Ŀ⣬ɱ
ڣҶǣ
ħ۷һοڳԣ޴ء
ƺĴڣȻɽũˣ
੣Ϲת֮£֪þתħ۵ķмֱ¡ɽũȴһ£ѪɫħӰԳһаЦݡ
ڣ㡭
ٺٺ٣Ѫۣǽ˫൱Ļϣ㱾屻λ赲£Ϊʸ̸
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һʿȴǵһ
ɽũˣƺħ۷֮ΪڣⲻǹؼؼǣԳƱۣҲ˵ǵۼǿߡ
ʿξɽũ˻δ䣬һŤĳħ۷ͷֻ׹䣬ֱûħ۷ڣ
𣡰ڣ֮գҪÿ
ħ۷֮ϣѪҿ񱩣ζֲסѪ֮ʼ
䣡
Ҳ˲䣬Ǳһħ۷Ȼ飬Ѫ֮꣬ϣʱ㼯һѪ
˿̣̳֮ϣɽũһѪɫӰӰѪħ
ֻ˿̵ѪħϢȫޣȻѾɽũˣѪħа˫ۣɨһɫʿһֿ֣еǣ̰֮ɫһ
ڣǡħ
Ůһֱɽũ˿˿̣ɫȻһȻɫѡ


451 ɵħ
੡Ȼ˻ʶۣ
ɽũ੹Цˣٴأֻϧħʧ
һλȻɫ䡣
𣬹ഫĹʱڣһħԻTԺŴڣòŪģŪ£Ūħ񣬻Ĺźڣ߷졣
룬ħ֣죬ħͷЩħͷ࣬ħڣħ
֮ʱЩħͷżгʿɽ֮ʱ䣬ʿ󲿷ֶʧˣɹҲᱻ֣֮
Զ֮ħٵ飬Ѿû뵽ڣһͷħɽũĶˡ
ңħԳƴڣ
ħĹħˣʲô
੡ɣĹŴأЩ͵ܹ׵ģڽ٣
ڽɫϢ˲
ߣֻǴڵһ߷ѣ˲񣡡
ˮɫһߵ
ٺٺ٣Σʰǡ㹻ںٺЦδ䡣Զɱҽ˷
ֻԶͻȻִʿ⹥ǲ½ʿħʿ
ɽڵʿ
ԣǶħˣ
Сģܹƻ񣬸Ͻرģ
ãܿƱʿ

ֻԶսһߵ½ħʿһӴһ˲սѻӽ
੡ٺٺ١
Ȼ䣬֮䣬ЦĴֻСѹѹһƬѹЦǴд
ãħôô࣡
ܣˣ

ʿʧɫǷ֡ԼһǺӰȻ˿Ӱ졣ֱӴڡ
ħ࣡
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ˡ
Уʮҷսϣɫ֣Щħͷײ棬ȥ
󣬾ܹסħͷ
죬ȥڵս
ʿһ󣬶ʱɫһ𣬷׷򷨷սȥ
һڴдŴʿطսɫȴˮΪսϾޣܾȵʿֻ
˿̣սϣ󲿷֣Ѿʿ
ô˶ħѵݣѾ˲ɣ
Ůüͷ壬ɫȻ
һʿſкϾĴڣɫѿ
ٺٺ٣벻ͨںٺֱЦһ۵ϵһѣЦҪллǸڻңϹת٣˱һѣڴƣħ䣡
੡ȻҪллħ죬ҪǣЩۣۻô˳ء
ɽΧۼ˲½󲿷ֵʿħ֮£Щڵ¡
뵽⴦Ц
ֻǣϹŷ֮ƵսЩۣҲֻʱѣ޾ħͷ֮£ǻ֣Ѿʼ
սϣһʿԣɫѿ
̵ְĪˣ
ô˵һУǱĴ
ͻȻ䣬һǺɱҽеսϣ˲ϢǹһԵȻ
δ䣬񷣬ɫƣҫʮɫ
콵ʹ꣬ӿɫ
۳ɣ콻ظУ׳ʣ
ˣ޴ۣ
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ֻԭȵУһ
ֻڷۣ֮ͫУƺɫ˸ͷӡһŵĺɫơ
һɿֲϢħͷ㼯ɵƣϢҽɢ
㾹Ȼˣ˫Ŀ΢У
ǺǣȻɽũˣӦú˽ⱾôôأһЦֻǱ˵ڣսôǻƻ񣬶ң˵󻰵ı£ڻĹħУҲǳģ
㡭⣡ɫһ䣬ȵ
Ǻǣݣ渴ı嶼ܴǲС֪ݵԣ
ߣɾʹΣ޾ħͷĵӲǱ۵ħͷݣһһӣʱħͷת䷽ȥ
Щɶħͷ˿̣Ҳʿ壬ڿл㼯ɺѹѹƣһɫͷһڱ㽫ȥ
ãħͷ̫࣬Ǵ۵ģҲ޷ܣúɫ䣬
λս׼ںħͷҲɫ΢䣬
䣬ʮҷսϣ
ħͷѣ޷ģ
ʱǺɫͷд
ʲô
վͷĴͫ׽
һ˲ֻǺɫͷͻȻҺɫͣƺʲôֲ飬ԼԿħͷҽͷ
ϧƺסˣʹ꣬ҲѲˣͷڣƺһڶ޴ĺɫͷ벻ͣݡ
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Ƭ֮ʿڿ龰ɵһ
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ҲͼϢ֮䣬ħͷɵĺɫͷ£һƬ

ĶƤ˸ãĪĴڡ


452 ĥ
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㡭ڼ״ɫУԲšħ࣬ôܱɣ
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ҪСһ˿Ǵ۾һ˿ͬСɣ
ˣ־Ľ˵𣬲֡
ѵոմڵķ˿̿տҲǴڵķѱĥ
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üͷ壬ɻƳһԶӶݵħ壬ɫһ
Щħ֮Уɽڵˣ˵ǱħʿУˣɽũ˵ͽڻ档
һһ̤Ȼʧһ˲Ѿڲֻܵڻǰ
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ϧһһλǰԵҲڻ涸Ȼ䱬鿪ͬڵħͷһΪ촷ۡ
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ħ֮ħ
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⡭ƺûСüͷ壬ɻ
ڹս˵֮ǰεħ֣ΪԴһΣ¾ûôˣΪջ󣬴˴δս»Ӳң
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453 Ů
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죬˾תħۣƽǡɫѿ
ħ磬һ壬Щ۵ֻ֪Ǿ춯ݣʲô˼ۿʯۣɻ
λ֮УҲλ֪ǳʯۣããҲࡣ
һλۣ׷׽ĿͶʯۡ
ǣ½Ϲʱڵ磬ħһ壬أ´˴ΣҪٴΪһˣʯ̾˿Զ
Ϊһ壡
ڵԣ׷ɫ䡣
ѵͨ⣿͵૵
ͨںϣʲôϵ½λԣһɻ
ͨġɫأͨ

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ɫ䣬оɵô˵νͨʵڲ½ڲ½ħ֮䣬Ƿ֧
ͨǻĹʱڵλĿġ֧ħȶ
ʵʿͻƴۣ֮ڱͨҲλĹ򣬵ȻСҲܽӴĵҲȻջ񡣡
ȴ˵ҧݵζ
޴ۣ
һ˲֮䡣˿̣һڴǰ
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š
ͷĿ⣬ȴԶգһ˲һȻĿ֮
Լñ֡
ǰտҲĵطĻƺɿܵ
ȻϣǰתΣΪƼɵɾʹۣ𣬿տҲĿУ֣Ӱ֡
Ϊ׵ģһź۵Ůӣ󣬻ˣһǿ󺺣һȴǲٸȻȡ
Ůƿɫ¶һϤףֻǵСŮѾ󣬳ͤͤͷ֮ϣɫССħǿɰüλãһںĻӡȴƽһָ߹Ϣ

ԶˮŮ࣬ɾһ⾪֮ɫ
С㣬ǶʵǱƲѡԶԾˮ΢΢һ񣬽һ䡣
תͷ磬Ǻʱҵݵġ
ʮǰڷУ֪㡣ʴпǧ
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ΪҪƣζһЦ
ʮǰһ½⣬֮ΪħĻ˭˻š
ƣ½ķӦҲۣСķɽٲԤ֪Σա
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пѡ
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תħ֮Ůʲ̶ʮ꣬ﵽ˶֮ϧڱǰʮǰһ
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ң
ǿһȣѪɫħӿ

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ǵʶ
Уһ˿⣬ȴǶδ
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ħһɫֱתȵԴʱһĺڵĻӰԴб̶ļ֮
ˣħħһ壬ͺһûֻ֮;ˣû뵽ܼʱ
ħ塣ипڲʱ˿ûпŮ쳣˵Ǵ˿̣Ĺ۲죬Եʶէ֮£Ҳѷ쳣
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ֻǰ꣬˫ĿͣϢȻѾ˶꣬꣬Ǹʬ⡣
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454 
תħۣ˵ΪΡŮԣ΢΢һЦ
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תħۣѾ˼ռ½Ϊߣ޷ǱǴ֮
ѵħ粻֧һλתħ۳ɾħ֮λɻ󣬿תߵĵŮ󺺣оһ
һöƽ飬УҪ鱦飬֮䣬Ȼһ£Ƕ㲻ġ
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ڴĿλ½뿪һۣɽǲ½˴ħʧȥħŲ½ƣת

磬һ۰׷һۺڷԶ
ۣľ磬ĺܿ죡΢΢һЦ
һ壬αؼ⡣۵һЦ
ۺͰ꣬Ȼ
ֻһЦһ˲ֲڡ
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һ֣ʿˣʿɱʿԽԽ࣬˫ɱۣսһ

硣
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۶һۣһЦһ˲˫˫ʧ
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ˣ
ƺԤϣһҲ⡣
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ģ
˵ͷ۰Զɱ롣
Ҫɱķӡ


455 
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ԭˡ𺳲ѣеɻȴǸȻˣͨΪûзٻ
Ҫ˵ġһͨ첻롣ڣ磬ȴںϣ
˻˵ͨˣȻһ
ԳıԲ˼򵥣ջԳȻ˵ĸûв룬Ҳָ٣䣬Գ춯
ɫǰδеء
𺧣ףӵжȥ֮һһ룬ԳվҪһϣӲˣܲ
ģջԳɲǰװԼ̶ָȣ޾ʱ⣬Ҳ޷ȫָģ״ο
еһĨأȴ޷˫ۡ
磬ͻȻʼںϣͨҲٻԳʲô
ˡ
Ȳǳֲ԰飬ǻĹħڤˮԳˣвɡ˰֡
ڤ΢΢һЦ
ʱͻȻɫһ䣬һ˳ֲ԰γ𣬿Զ
ͬʱɽУӰ漴
Ƿֱڹۣ꣬
Ľڣķڳϣ콣ۣ
зڴî´ۣ
֮⣬λˣٵۣ
ǿƣ˭ѩɫȻ
ǼܵһǿͻȻ
ǵ죡
˫΢УԶһǿĴƺȽȽ


466 ħ
⡣
ǸۣѪĸӦõŮɫ
ħˣ
һħҲӦϢʿһ
ǰ޴ۺճ˰ҹħۣɱѻħۣħ䷨ɽʿսǿߣ
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ħ˾תħۣ½ϣ޵Уħ죬½ָƿգ
Ƿ֮ͽ״ֿ̧ۣ
ĳرѣɽһӰƿն
ֻο࣬ͷһԳħǣ棬İħƱ鲼ĺڵ˫֮УɢĹâ
⣬ħħ죡
ţһƬ߿գɫһԶ૵
漴һ̤ռ䣬䷽򣬺ȻǷɽ
ͬʱɽУɫһ䡣
ܵһǿսϢڼٱƽ


ɫ䡣
޷˰֣ɫأһ̤о
о󣬼Ʒľˮҫľ۷ɵָ߽״ۣ
ǡȾתħۣħ֮ûס
ͬʱһӰѾڿС
죡ն֮š
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ħ
ħħۼ죬
Ĵۣ˿̡ɫء
λѾָת֮ǳԤϡ쿴ʯۺڹ꣬һЦ
죬Ϊڹɫء
λǰˣӦ֪˫΢У
Χ۵ڵۺʯۡѵ죬Ǿʶ
ߣ֣ͨաΪ̶ʯͳȵ
ٺ١ȻӳͨΪβ̶ֻһδ䡣Ŀ⣬ȴת
΢ʼգλħ֮һֱ
תħۣսһУȴǳһöɵӣеô죬˵ģ
ƽ飡죬ѵ㼯öڹɫһ
ٺ٣ŷ֣ۺľ޾£ŵԼаöһöȻڲ½еӣɫһöһģһӳ֡
Сӣ齻ۣ㲻һȵ
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ϢӶתۣһ·ֱϣ
ת
ת

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ڹһǿѹо
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Ŷ۰תǳԤϣλ֮޴ɡɫ΢
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Ǻǣ£ħϢȻͨƤЦⲻЦУսڡ
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Χڴ۱Ƴɳȥ
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׵һ𣬰ת۵ԣȻ·磬ǣһδˣ
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Ǿתħۣһƣƺأ˱ܡ
αҪܣ
Уһལ֣ʱһƴճ֣һ𵴲ء
̫ѣ
䣡
һ޺䣬ҡضüͷ΢壬΢
һν棬ƺ൱
ǺǣħôֶΣһЦ

ԣ˫΢Уɱķٴһץ
һƣ͸ոһƲͬǹصĸоû䣬ȴһѹһץƺҪ˵ץ
˳ԶڵֻۣԪ̥ȣɺȻɫһˡ
׵ʶ֮Уɫ΢΢һƺȣ˲ɫţɲɶ֮Уȥ
ɫأһצֱȡԪ̥
£Ҵ⣬ལٶ
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ԶڵֻԪ̥Щɬ֮С
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ԶһڴɫȻ
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԰ת֮תħ۴Ĳ£ڵ𺧡
죬û档ʯ۵ͳ
û棬ҲأڹƳһʯۣ
ʲôֻڵɫȻ˫ನľһУǡ
ǣ˼һֻ


467 ͨ
úúãȻǲ½һţһƣһ¹ЦУսڡ
ʼˣ
ֻһ̤ƿնȥ
״˫΢Уͬһֱ̤ƿնȥ
ոջѹˣĩĳȻʧУԭڣտҲ
ǽռ䣡ڹ̹ţԶ
νռ䣬һЩС硣
һתɸռ䣬ת֮ɴռ䣡
ת۵ս̫ңƻ̫ԣһ㶼ѡռս
תۣɴռ䡣ʯͫ΢а
ڳ֮УҲֻڹܹռ䣬ȻҲ֪Ѷȣǣȴ赭дĸˡ
ڴڳ֮Уʯۺڹ꣬ûи߽״ۣȴ޷ռ龰
⡣
һ͵ֻۡĶͷһö֣գ龰ӳ
ȴħİҹħֻۣӰ˲ʧȴǱռķ϶Уۿս
Ȼ粻ߡǣ֮ȴڿռ϶֮УҲΪܹûԭ
һħɫɣϣȻĴռţһ㶼ġоתħڴˣǺġ
ոգħֻûѡתۣܷʲôˡ
Ҫ֪֮ÿһת֮䡣֮𡣸۾תħۣ
ѩһۣԷеĵǡ
һ磬ҰУǻ棬Щ֮УżܿһЩɵޣЩǻ澫顣
ͻȻ䣬ƽĻ綸ȻһֻӰȺУǿϢ˲𸽽Ļ澫飬ɾĻ
ɿֲϢͨ쳹أһʱ䣬УǰδеĻ籩еĵĻ飬һοֲĴݲУʮһ
ǣֲķ籩ȴܺͻλͷֺ
طΪʬ֮أǲ쿴һΧЦ
ħԼѡʬ֮أĳҶᰮʾһЦ
ϣʱ㻹Цĳϧһ겻šҡͷ̾Ϣδ䣬һֻħצȻ
һʱ䣬𶯲ȣǿֲ֣Ļ籩ֹˡ
Ʒͨժ֣
һժǣǳժãοѪ֮
Ϲʱڣһͨŷɥ֪˶ٵۼǿߣ
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ɫһͷһལӳһĹ켣ƻãһְϢɢ̲סԽȥ
ǡ
һͫ׽о
ֻһժһ˲䶸
Ǻժ֣ۿɼٶȵˣϵɫҲʼˣһͬӰһ㡣
򣬷ɽ⡣
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ڹʯ۶һۣ˼
ʲôͨ
ڵɫȻ
ռսʯۺڹͶڿУȻֻӰûҲûƳǣڵܹеֲ
λۼǿߣɽеʿҲڹۿһսԴԴʿڸ˵ء
޴ħħս龰
һħɫλ޴ۣòƣƺ߽ħժ֣
Уħ쵹˿ȥеལһţʱ֮
ʱôԣૡʱ˵֮ȴǵһ˵
һʽͨȷʵΪ£
֮£ʱɿٱͨý׳˲䴹ӡ
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ȻԵľתħۣЧޣֻʱ⵹һ˲ժֵ֮Σ
ؾ³УõལʮԪ
֮󣬾ںϣ̫̫
컯ƷǰĽʮԪΪһԻ£
һգһ
㾹ʱĴУһ
Ǻǣֻ³зѡ΢΢һЦûƬ̵ķɡ
ͨȻǳǣסΪתħ۵ĵ죡
ʵν𣬲ء
۾ת֮󣬱Ǵ
ǣȴǴ֮翵ľ磬Ƕۣ
ڵĲ½ħ磬Ϲʱڵħ磬߻ĹŴ½δͻƴ
ߣǶۣν
ת벽Ǵ
ǣҪСƿ벽벽ѵ˾ųɾŵľתۣ
޴ۣ۳ϣС㣡
ɫȻϵƣȴǰδеǿʢ
Ҫ𡣡״ɫȻԴ


468 
УֻħϢǣһ˲޾ںͻȻ֣ӿе޾汻
޾ں磬ոմսϸܵĿռѷ죬ȻŴһʱ䣬磬һѷ죬ƺʱ֧顣
޾ںѷռ֮С
Ҳٲ֣磡
һʱ䣬գ˺ꡣ
һЩùʿܵ˲һ߱һ˲ۿɼٶȱɻҽ

ҽʿӴܡ
ãǾڤ𣡡
ڵۼ״ɫ䣬УǾ֮ɫ
ڤ𣬻ԼܷٻԪ̥Ҳܶգ
ʮ֮У̫ĴڣǳеĺںǾڤɣ
ʯۺڹ겻룬ת۵Ƴǿķеѷ졣
Һֻڤй¶ȻǵʿҲΪ
УһҹһʹȴǰҹħۣǱನƳռ϶ġ
еͶӰɼУ˿̡Ѿûл棬еġ޾ںʿϢۿ
ôûľڤӿֲˡڹɫѿϸѰźеӰ
תħ۵ıͨСӣĸʡȻһֱɳΪĸ󻼣˿̣ʯҲ̾Ϣѡ

Ůһڷڵĳϵӣڶʶ֮ˡ˿鵣ǣſеĺںӰϣҵϤӰ
ǣںӿںϵħ죬κ
ħ֮ͨ£˭ܵУЦһ⡣
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˲һֻء
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Ⲩӿĺϣһɫֻ˥Եþ׹졣
һ֮󣬽ţǵڶ䣬䡭
Ҳ˲书򣬲ӿĺںȻֹͬĺ棬棬ɫֻأ磬һƬ
ɫ䣬֣ЩɫȻȡڤңӣ˿̣˫֮ϣȻɫ
ЩɫͬѪħѪⷨԪ̥֮ʳ֡
ʲôͨ
ɫ棬ڤ˲䱬ջӵŻɫء
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ڤһȥɫٴصĽϡ
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ӻ֮дֻ֮У֡
ϣڤһϲϳֵɫɫ̣֮䣬񣬹ȻԵתֶܼ֮ã
ԣ΢΢һЦ죬Ȼˡ
ɫܲɾڤ֮ǣת֮ȴ޷ĵùתħۡ
ܣǣжܡ
һ䣬Уһɫȳ֡
˹գա
ʱ䣬Ѿȫ컯ǵ컯֮ɳΪƷ鱦͸Ůģ룬˿ȴó
ֻ֮У޾컯֮ӿںϵ޾ɫƱǣ
Ʒ鱦
ͫ׽һһ˲ɫ˲ȫͬѪħڣѪⷨԪ̥֮ӿ
ۿɼģУںڿή
дŭѣںʼɫ޾ľڤ
˫ʼս
磬ѾݲеĿȫǣУ޾ռѷ֣ռŰ
ⷽ磬Ѿ˻ıԵ
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ȥⷽ磬Ҫˣʱ򣬼ǳŹĳҲռ֮Уϣ
Ʒ鱦Ҳֻǰתۣ
һΪ˾תħۣܴⷽռ֮Уǣ
һ㣬ġ
ֻҪڶԷܴʱ򣬶öƽ飬Ŀģʹﵽˣ


469 Ĺ
˿̣ڵʿѿ
һƬʲôͨңòƻħıͨ
磬ռŰݣ֮ʱ
⣬Ȼģֻ죬һħһЦ죬ĳıͨûء
ʲô
ԣͫһʱ״
ͨһλǿͨһ㣬ӹɣ
Ļ̣ȫѹıͨǣԷȴ˵ⲻǱͨ
Ⱦ磬Ѿм˵ѣңԷͷһִĥѾʼ֣һɰǿ֡
ƣȻ̣ҪǿĶ࣡
һ̣Ȼţǣҡˣ
һ֣ΣϾңĵˡ״Ե£޾ɫʼȥ
쿴̾˿ľڤҲ
Է˵ûվȥֻܾˣȴĵˣ
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û˵ѡ̣ȴǲıͨ
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ĥһĥһĥ
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һս˫İֽ½ϣʿɲ
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һ̣еӰŻĻ

˰
ǰߣһͨս׵ʿջĿ⡣ֿ⣬ĿԶĵƮڷС
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꣬ױһͨˡ
ụ̃߹٣ؤսʿ
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ΪȴǺ޴羢ǣ˵İգȴȻɲ⡣
ԺУǶ֮У۱ԳıŰ֮εħԳѹƵİ㲻ö
˿ֻ̣ǶǰߵһСԪʿ
ʱˡֻ̾˿Ӱȥȫʧ
Χսѣʧ޲ǵԺУǳϦദսѡ
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һֻͨЩѣüͷ΢壬
˱һˣͨۿ龰Ҳܿ
㲻ң˵Ĳ;ͬ飬ѲⰡ쳤̾һ̣ΪѸ;
۶ת
ת
ת

۰ת
ֱ˿̣ǹϢ΢΢һ٣ǣͷͻ
ܿ죬ͻưתת֮
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һ򣬺ֱӿԽ죬ӶתۣͻƵ˾תۣ
һ̣ǰۣҲͫ׽۵ľٶȣԤϣңΪͬһˣǣһ̣컯ļ
һ̣ھת۵ĸ򣬱ͨڤڤеϵ۵Ԫ֮С
ʱ䣬ɫԪš

⡣
ħ޴ۣôǿڣҲţħǳɵ۰޴ۣƴ˸ƽ֡
ӣԳ֮˫΢У
ףƽ顭һԣŮֹ
УĪյ𺳣ǰδУ
һֱеĲ񻰣ǿĴڣ۸Ȼƴƽ֣ңƺ·硣
һöƽ飬ƫƫУЩѰ찡ԣüͷ塣
¡¡
ʱأȻ
⡭ô죡վУһ˿־塣
ף
Ůɫһ䣬׳ʲô£̩ɽǰ治ɫĵ۸ʧ̬ˡ
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䣬ضɽҡ½ģһͨȻ֡
֮һֵͬģһ磡
ĺ֮⣬޾Ĵأħ磡
½ħֲ֣ܷͬ籩ŰۿɼٶŨռȹ̣
֮䣬ȴ޻޾Ĳľõ󣬿ʼ
䣬Ĺ


470 ͨ
֮ϣһһͨ쳹صĹ˺Ǻ
ۿɼģһͷû֮ͨС
ʼˡ
ɽңУ̧ͨеɫᶨ
һ̣۵ƣҲڴﵽ㡣
۾ת
ֻ˫ĿȻͫɫһأһ̣Ŀ⣬ƺͨĳһصĿ⽻һ
ҸܵˣһϢ˫΢У
ദǲϰ߽ı
ԣһͯԻԶеɫأɹߣ磬𣡡
磡
ԣͫ׽һ磬ļ磬ѣһһ񲻶ɿգ
飬ôܹ
һ̤ͨȥ
˿̣Եĺۣ֪ʱѾڤڤ˭Ҳûз֡
ͬʱˡħĵۼǿߣ׷׸
ǿߣ޼䣬Ƭ̡һڵۼǿߣϵ
ͨﷶΧһ֡ǽȥ
Уͨ쳹صĹڻ˺ҧɣһͷȴͨС
ǲ½ħԻ
ĹʱڣԳ޾ħѪͨ磬Ӵˡȱ
ȱȫʿ޷ͻƴ֮
ںϣȱǧȫ໥ɡ
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ıǧ꣬ԳͼıȻˣǱǳܾ֮ʱ֮
ͨ
ʯۡڹꡢλۼǿߣͨɫӡ
ǡͨ档ȷʵʿãϧһУı
ͨã
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ǧ꣬˼ĳ⣬ǧһԪһͨϣ
棬ͽūΪڤڤĴڷūۣ
ʯʯΣڹ֮ħ֮λ۶ԪԶĴڡ
ħ죬һͨڤħۣͨûԵõ˻ĹħڤˮԳһ˿ѪԲŵ
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ǲ֪Ǵδ䣬ʵǳֲ԰ĵħУƻĽ
ͨۼǿߵĸڻĹʱܵĴˣûлָҲˣֻҪĳأ
𣬡ʱ磬ڣ

һڴȻҲ֪ԣֻϧͨڰﶼȥ
ɾ;תˡ
ħͻȻɫ
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ڵԣ𺳣˿̣Ѿٹǲͻٶˡ
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𣬱˵ľתħۣǶۣ֮λҲڽӣ
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ۼƽڼȴΪ졢ʯۺڹһۣб
Ƭ֮еѾ࣬գһبա
ںϵĲһȫµ
һɣ磬ƺȻһ£һУԵ
ֻǣ³ɵСңؼǣһͷͨУ޷档

ͨУĴЦأƺնҪѡ
һѱı
һ̣ϵµˣ廹ǳϣӿһɱ֮顣
һ̣ڵأޡ
һڴۣҲξ޲б
Ҫɣ磬
ǲǿԽСվ֮ͨ⣬ɫһ
ԣһУݣͻᱩ¶Ȼ
ʱ򣬱¶¶кηֱ𣡡һһ̤
ʱ䣬ܵһǿҪ⣬Ҫѹ촷ۡ
ؼʱ̣ڤڤУ컯Ƕȱ΢΢һһ˲оǰǿ˲ʧ
һ̤ռ䣬ֱӳͨ
ף
ͨУƺһ֮
ͨڵۣҲ졣
ʯɫһͬһ̤ǣѪɣ
컯ڤ㾹ͶҲ
ͨУͨ쳹صĴЦ
δ䣬һһľ޴Գ۴ͨ̽ץ


471 Գ
ߣ
˿ֲľצ侪ң˲ֲ֣ķӿ
ʱֻǿֲԳ֮ϣɫֻء
컯̣ͨ
㾹컯򣬸
ȻŭԵܻһ˲ֻԳ֮ϣĹâ˸䣬ֲĲݿɫɲ
Ŀռ䣬ƺܵӰ죬ռѷ졣
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˼ܵڤǧĥһ㶼û䰡
ԳЦһת㿴Σǣ˱𣡡
δ䣬ֻĹѼ͸ˣƺڱɣ·һ̣鿪
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