==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================

ߣ

ݼ飺
ɵմӴŴ֮齣ԽΪû
ʱתۣ֮ʲ赲ɱɱ𡭡
ˣŮƷޡħŮֵܵס





1 
ڣ
ݣ

һŵȴЩľϣһǰһڴϣȴͻȻʱſһԵŮŵһС
гԣԱߵọ́ΪǰͷǰȥħޱصĲɭ֣Ȼһȴˣɼó̡ΪСͺãڴͷػ˼켸ҹ¸и̣۾Ϳ޵úס
һӺ󣬳̲Żع˸糽ԸոյĻϸ𲻿ģĵ̾˿ʲôã̫ǿ˵㡣

ڣڣһû
ۣҲ
ҵûɣҲ˭Ҳɱң

ԵĿɲϵ߶ţһһ䣬ŨŨıʡߺޣԼ޾ɱ֮⡣
ɱһɱ񣬷ɱƥ

磬Ǻοࣿ㻹ǲײǽͷײǽҲͷѵͿ˼ȫϷˣ㣬Ͳϲ㣬ϲǽ־ǰ벻ɭֺѾӦ˽־׷벻ɭֻ뿴ЦҡҡͷվûԸ
ţǣԵпʼЩɣתͷĿ⳯ŷķȥ
硭ǳ̰ôˣǵǵؿŸ磬ȴֺܿЦݣ磬ˣ̫ˡ
İ
һжԵޱİ
ǣǰδŮȴԼ硭
ջĿ⣬˼ʱ򣬺ȻԺСȻһİļ䡣
ԭԼףⲻԼ壬ţ˵֣ȻԼһҲгԣ
ԭȵ˿˵һѧӵܣûһΪҲû˿һ㣬ȴóΪ֮ȣһﾹȻǸա
û뵽ԭȵļһȻϲǸ˼ŮΪ˰˼Ū޵ˣܲǰɭ֡ϧɭֵûܶԿģѾԼϵĶദ˺ۣЩ˺ȻѾ߰˰ˣ֮ǰкüȫ
ϲΣŮˣǰ㵱ߡߡҲ֪գпЦ
Լֺγˣ
ΪǸİŮˣͲңűѪϴʦ˵Լɱǧʦֵܽѡ
ʦǰתռ󷨣ԼСͲϲΪڿ˵ȴܳķߣԼҲûĻɡ
ޣû뵽ھȻڶޡңƺѾ󣡡Ժеļ䣬ԶԼĵطʱ˳˽⣬ֻû뵽Ѿȥʱ䡣
½½ޱߣ˿԰Ϊλ㡣
½оŴݣгǰ½Ϊǿ󷱻ݣµĶޣ½˵ȴǿ˵Ұ֮
ôΣ˵꣬ʮ꣬ҳҲٴνݴأͳͳնɱϹԡһжҪӵһʵû뵽ԱһҪôн߶δͻƣȻֻǸ۷ߡ̲סͷûҪ⣬ȥҪͻƵʦ磬뻹Ҫʮࡣ
صݣ˵ʦ磬ӵдʦʦΪûãֻдﵽʦľ磬Щ֮ʱһı
½߻Ϊߡʦʦʦʦʦʦÿһ󾳽ַΪһ׵Ž׾ŸΡڴͨ˵һͻߣʦС
ǰһȻԴδ˼棬Ҳﵽ˾Ž۷ߵĲΣһ̤ʦ硣
ʦѾһ֣ҪΪʦҪǿһ̶ȣӶԪԪƿس̶ȼߣԪԸǿ󣬹ˡңʦѿԵΪֶΣνĪ⡣
ܹԪԵΪֶεʦ֣ԶѰߣһȺŽ۷ߣҲܻһʦĶ֡
ʦԣֻҪ齣ڣҾͲõΪ޷⡣Ȼѭֻһ齣齣ʵˡԵѡ񣬡ʦ˵ڣȻһУô˵Ҳţˣ齣Ȼ


2 ð
ɭ֣ұȥһ˲ɭ֣˵ţվ²˳٣ǰɭ֡
վס˵ʲô磬Ҫȥɭ֣ѵԵĻæ磬ôˣò׼һҪȥҲȥ
䣬ظϴ˵ϣȻǶּ
΢΢һͣһʱ̫żȻǰŮˣԭ˵ãҲĿǰΨһˡŮеĹУԲɵþһ£飬һֻʦܸԼֹС
ĸ׺ȥ׳һǿľŽߣǵľзۣ¹ٹͣ๦ѫְǳһͳ졣
Ȼǰȴһ޵սв
ڳºΪǵĹ壬ǵĹȦҲǲôܴ˳һöϱ޿û೤ʱǡ
Դˣö˸ᣬǲǷǣΨһľʱΪһ߽ߣ⸴׵ҫԭˣΨһ뾹Ȼֻϣܹ˼һʵе˵ȥ
Կһ۰ͷƳһȥȦ΢΢ĳ̣һ£ջ˵СãģֻȥһΣա
ߣ֪϶ȥҽޣȥһֻĽ۷Ľޣôܻ֣ͻȻЩԳԵĹԱ
ССãҲȥҽޣȥҶʧһ
ʲô㲻ȥҽޣ˵Ŀģ̵Ŀת˹ųԣҲû˷ŵߡ
ȻԵ˵ͷ
ʲôûȥɳԣȻеΣڳϣκ㣬һ㻹ȽģǾǳԴƭҲͦá
ҡҡͷǸҲܸ㣬㲻Ҫģ֪Ǽģȥһ˺ܿͻ֮ģΣյġ
⡭Ҹһȥɣ硣̻ǲĵ˵
ˣһȥͺãܿͻҡҡͷ
ðɡ磬עⰲȫ˵⣬ͻȻ·ͻȻʲôм²Ǹˣ־Ϊףɹ׷˼ں¥ڼϯѾ˲ǰȥμӣҲڴУʱڽҪҪȥһˣ
ȥʲôףɹ׷˼ԱӦ˲ȥתһ룬Ȼռ˱˵壬ǰˣȴΪ˼ôԼҪ£ҲۿԭȵĳԲϧ̤벻ɭҲҪŮˣǺηʥк̤ĽŲӲ˻һȥġôҪ飬ȻٲҵףôҲ˼ʶһˣˡ
˸ɴĴӦЩͣѹû뵽ԻӦ˰ᣬȰ磬Ҫҿ㻹ǱȥˣŮ˶£αصһ֦ǳ˿ɲƲ𡣡
Ȼ˵ʵǳ̵ĵĳԻ벻ӶʲôľٶϾİŮѡ˺ͱһ
ţлл㲻صģ˼ϲ˭˭һԼľ֮ǰϲڵȻҪȥףҽ־ңҲȥ˵ǳҵҲ䲻𣿷ģû¡
Ȼóڵʲô̵ĵȻǶģһνĳѾ࣬ޣʵ㣬ҲȥûҪ鷳ǰ˵ñҲżɽˮеʱ䡣
üͷһ£Ѳɡ粻ϲǸ۵Ůˣˣǰ϶ǱסˣھһνѿǸŮ˵ĿϲǾǸˡ
߰ɣھȥ¥̶ԼƺЩʲôΣֻ̤š
磬ȵҡ

繳߸ߵڲ֮ϣ¹ŵǴһƬ֮С
ǡԺû뵽ԺȻ˵ĳԶãûȫǣȻҪ˱ָˡ·ϣѾԵļȫмΣ⳽ԲһٶȼһһðƵӵܡ
֮˵ðƵģΪûд󱳾иĸףǰȴɥ޵צ֮¡
磬ɱͽ־ͻˣһֱô˵ͻһǽеѡһԵĳЩǵѳԣϾԷһ˶ڣʵǿ̫ࡣ


3 ŹҪ
ԵͷСãģǽֻȥ˼ףҲܡ
̷ĵ˿ĵľǳΪ˼ȥð־ʱö˿ǶȥˡԽ־ļͣ뽫ö˸ϳǣ൱׵ġ
ᣬ˾¥档
¥һĴ¥¥ҹƻԻͣԵúȺʱ򣬾¥нĿǲ٣һ⣬ЩȫŹʣ󲿷ǶǷǸ
ûͣųֱž¥Ŵȥ
ӴⲻǳԳү𣿽ƺҲڽٵ֮аɣ֪ǲμӽٵϯأҪ̤¥һھ¥վŵȻЦҲųŪζ͸©š
ͣ½Ųһۣ֪˭
Ժһӣ־ĹӡȻֻһӣʵȴҲ۷ߣĳԴͬһΡ
Ժ֮ʱ൱߳ԣÿγͼӽ˼ڵһʱ㱨־һν־Ϊ̲ס׼Ҫ򳽻һ٣Ȼסɶĺȴ͵͵˳һӡ
ǣؿһòӱʮ겻һ˿ɶǶȻĵģʱ򳽻Բͺͻ
Եıʹú΢΢һ£ܿͻعĿڳɨһۣСӣ˵Ϊ˰˼СѰ޵ˣ벻ɭ֣Ϊŵ˲ŽһŻ׳գϵͺ𣿡
һ˵ţ˳ԣֱ־ҪĴ򳽻Եļ
һȥƺ⣬ƺûöڰգоʹһɺƷ졣
ĴǴһĨаЦȻǾĲ
һˣԾûʲôƣҲҪһЩ
ڳܲܶÿһƣûȥǹֻһܶÿһƣ

ʵҲȷʵͬһ㣬Բ˵һƺӦûӦվһƾ䵽ϡ
硭̹е
ǷΪԼȥһ˲ɭ־ͱ˶ôϵĲпЦŨػһĨм
ȻϵЦܿʹΪ֣䵽ԵļϺ󣬳ɻվһϵı鶼δ˿仯
ô£ظоЩá

Ⱥ෴ӦһɸȥȻӳԵļ̵ͬĺˮкƴڡȻ󣬵ȴҪѸϬöࡣ
ŵŵŵš
Ѹ͵֮£ɫ䣬Ų
࣬ŹɲҪ̫ţĹצӣƹ㣬Ժ󲻻ÿζ˺ˡԵؿһۺ󲻵Ⱥش𣬾ֱ̤¥мȥԸ

Ի£Χʶǵ˶ʱʹдžȣȻǶû뵽ȻڳϳԿȻˣȵǳԵʣô̶̼첻뻻һƵģţֱ̥ǡ
磬û°ɣЩɵܵߣлǴŵǡ
ҡҡͷ¥ȥȻ鷳˲ʶôҲ
̲֪ʲôȻг˸ɻ󣬻ǾȻصѯʣʱȸԴ·Ϊá
ãһװκİᡣ
Ѿ˲ٵˣ˿ΧһЦ̸ţԵͻȻޱĬȫĿȫۼ˳Եϡ
һСЩ˶ǻع
ϣⲻǳȻμξۻˣţˣϲ˼𣿡
԰⳽Ȼһɶ˼ȴһֱǳذĽ˵Ϊ˼Ҷ̤벻ɭ֣ЦˡΪŵˣ¶Ѿڲɭˣû뵽Ȼμӽ־ᣬһӳƨ𣿡
˭֪Ѳ˼
ҿܣϾΪ˼ɭֶȥˡ
ȻѹסŲٵ˳ԵĶС˾󲿷ֶԺĵӣڳԺ¼ǿ൱Ϥ


4 ȥ
ԴˣԱֵúƽϿ˿仯
Ȼμӱүᣬٺ٣ĪΪ˼תôȺУһŹʣɢŻ֮עĳԣһֻµƾƱӿȥԵΪʿһ˫۾ȴƻ˵ķʡ
꣬Ǵ˴ǣ־
ڽ־ԣվһȥ׿ԽŮŮױݣһ˫鶯Ĵ۾֮˼Ϊԡ
ŮǱˣԲΣս벻ɭ֣˵ǰ˼˼
˼ųԣü΢΢Ŀһ˿ɻ
ԣӭĵ־Ⱥл߳ǰһĨ޵Ц⣬ʣףҺ˼𣿡
ǣ
Ǿɣˮ㣬Ȼɳ˺ȡ
ˣҽ˿ɲǸӣֻǹ˼һ⡣΢΢ҡͷȻĿת˼
£ڵɫʱùŹرǵǽĿת˼֮ʱϵĹ֮ɫǸԡ
û뵽μᣬȻֻ˼һ⣬ֳ϶ʳģָһ⣿
־˳ԵĻɫͳҲ˵ǽĿ˼
˼üͷøŲߵ־ߣ䵭Ŀųʵʲô⣬ʰɡ
΢΢ͷ˵ע£ƽʵ֪ܷңǰϲĵ㣿
ţʵʲô˼
ⶼ֪ʲô˼˼˵ڻˣǰϲ˼
ȥôһ£⳽Ҳ̫˰ɣڲϲ˼ˣҲõŽ־˵
ǣǵｭ־ˣͿ־ôѵɡ
ȻΧȺ֮ͬʱ־ŽԿݵͱó
־Ȼû˵˼
ֻʱ˼Եһʱ䶼Щ£޷ڵһʱ𸴡
ȻҲ֪𰸣Ǿ͵ûɣǰӳ˵⡣˼ԵԵƽ˵仰֮˼ĿҲȫİ
磬˵̫ˣŮ˾ͲֵϲһԵĳɫһæǰ׼ߣȴ޳ɸ˵

Ȼ̻˵־ŭͱ
־ǰһֱָԣȻ˷ǰϲ˼˵۹⻹㲻ھȻ˵Ϊǰӳ⣬ҿӾ⣬ȻҲҽ־ߣ㲻µǸǽǾ֮
𣿽ֻ˼֮Ĺϸʵǵ˵ѣǸһ˵Ȼ˿ܽ־Ӱ졣
־һСӣ˵û˵û˵㵱˭ߣ㳽Ҳһ˵Ĺ塣ȻڳʲôˣΪͳڣǸûʲôƨҡ
裡
˵˵ⷬ־ûѳԷʵΪ𣬽־ʵԣҲʸ˵仰
ĳˣҲǳɫүעԴǡ
Сã־ٲҲ㽭һ֪ܹġҪΪԼţͰ˵ؤˣΪźӵܵڣؤ硣


5 ͷڹ
ʲôȻ˵ؤ磬ҿǻòͷˡȻˣǾݹҲ
־һƴǣצ̽˻˻Ʒ֮Ȼץ򳽻Եʺ
־׵ض֣ȫ˵ϣǿ־һɫЩ
һצԪӿ־Ȼ㾡ȫԽ־Ľ۷ߵʵԶԶԣȫ֮£Ծ㲻Ҳˡ
ʱǸȥһצȥԾ׶༪١ֻΧ˿һĻû̫ڶݣܹԣҲԲԵｭ־Ĵ۶֡
磬Сģ
˾볽ĳ̣ûκһ˷ӦùԺѻȻǳԷһ¥׻˺ľٶֻ֪ԼԲóԳ¡
ΪһиʲộǳңܾҪˡһҪֳҫĳ̣ŮӣҲǾֿԴڡ
־ֵһ̣̾Ѿͬʱ֣ƮǰĽ׵ӿҪ־צ򿪡
ߣ

˵ĹһǿҵϢڿը죬̵Ľ̲ס΢΢һ
ߣ
̲ס˺һ̵ӿֳһĨ԰ס
ˣȻҶԱү֣ҿǻòͷˡһ־ȻȫݺݽѵԣȴϳͻȻɱһ£ʹý־Ϊŭرǳһ֮¾Ȼδʲôˡ
־һףҸʵ㣬ǳҼʱ¹ˡһģҪҸ磬ȻҪȰ̵Сߣ̵ǽüߵ
Եӿů׼ÿԼ绹ǲȻŮΪԼͷȫ߸֪ΣȻǰΪߣҲǾŽߵΪŸΪʱ¹ˣ˵СãվȥӦ
ɫ΢䣬硭
Ȼ־ЦֻЦȴ˼ڽȻǾͱŮ˺档
硭
˺󣡡
ˣٲÿݹִݻ־ٶȴ߶ڵǿʱᶯ֡
ʱȻܽһˣǱĺүɱŹǣ̫ˣղžȻڶҳ֡
־һܿб¶ŭ֮ɫ̣ŭȵˣ㾹ȻҶִҵˣҪΪŮҾͲ㶯֣ڱүͳֽ̽ôˡ
ܹʹúǱģ־ɲῼǵ΢ĳȥ
䣬־αֱȭͷ̡
־̫˵仰ɵٶǰȫ˺档
óǴһԽ־Ĺ
Сã£
üͷ̽ں棬һʱû취ǰԸ־
ǶĺȴδţɾԲ¡
ŮˣȻǾͱԹˡ־ЦһƸңȭڰպ졣
磬뿪ӿֳ֮ɫƴ֮ģó־ҪԸԣҪƴһб뿪

Ȼ䣬־Ĺϣͬǽ־ȫһ̵ʵȽ־˲ֹһΣһͳܲס˵ɶɫҰס
Сá㻹ðɡǰһ§ס˵ɳĳ̣ü΢塣
Ҫվ԰˵磬뿪־ǰҪԸ㡣ǳҾһжˣԲܳ£˾Ȫ֮¶ڡ磬ߣ
ʱ뿪СãİɣҲ¡Ȼ㣬ôµӦ˵ţԵɫҲĮһɱϢͷŶ
㡭
΢΢һ㶣һ̣źȻ֮ǰһ¥ʱԶԸֶΡ
¾ͽҰɣվȥһԽ̷ãɿ֣Ŀ־
磬Сġ̿ѵ
Ե˵ͷ
˺ңֱǻ֮һСС˺ң־̵ĻЦЦҲԣڸվôһΪԶͷڹءұҪ㣬첻ٺǰǰˣ㲻Щʲôͱ߳Ҿ¥


6 һķ
Щʲô𣿡ԵĿתվڽ־һֱ޶Ե˼ǰĳһֱ˼ӰУȻҪ˼Ӱӡʱ𣬳˼κιϸ𡣡
֪ΪΣ޸Ļ˼Ӱ΢΢һܿ죬һ˫ĿУӿֳŨŨŭԣĶϷһεºܿйϸ𡣡
ǣ⳽Ҳ̫ԼˣҿעҪùˣ־ԲŹ
ߣ㵹ùҲҵģԴһ߽ᣬҾ;ǳԴҩˡ
ϣὭ־ɣȻǳҪǳˡ
־ҲӿֳڽЦ⣺˼˵òһʵ̫ԼˣҪˣȻ֪ԼǴһ档
䣬־˼еɱ⣬ƷתֱųԵȥ
ʲô
һĻɫˣΪ־һƣȫþȫҺֵӣУҲҲҪԲˡ
硭ǶԳԸո˵ĵĳ̣˿Ҳ඼
ΨԣŽ־һƣһ⡣
˼Ȼ˴վ㲻㣬ҲҪ㳤ԡ
ˣԽŲȻƶŲƶͬʱҲǳֳһĹ켣ƶ

־ƼųԵ޷
ţ־΢΢һ㶣û뵽ԾȻһƣʱȥ룬׼ٶȹ
ž
Ȼʱֻоһ޴ұϣɾ޴ģһɻʹ

֮£ӵĽ۷ʵĽ־Ҳ˳ȥڰתȦǱ䵽ϡ
ʲô
пһĻ۾ʱϴ뺧Ȼ
ոô£үҪһưѳǸԲôүһƴˣ
⡭үô£ôᱻԸһƣѵүոˣ
ûɰүһĽ۷ߣҲᱻ׵߸ܰҡһһƸɣ
˵𾪣̵ԵýΪ磬û°ɣ
ҡҡͷȻĿ⵭Įؿһ۲ԶڵϵĽ־ǻȥɣ
˵꣬Ծֱתȥ˵Ŀ⣬Ҫ߳뿪
վס
Ȼʱ־ȴͻȻվֻʱȴһֻұߵȻûվӣȻܹ󵽣Ͽ϶һİӡе߷ԸӣʱŭԣȻҶҶ֣һĲݣ㷢Ƕһ
־Ȼ򳽻ԷսⲻǿЦɣ־Ľ۷ߡһ붷̤϶ֻ̨зֳܽ԰
Ľ۷ôˣûղųԵһǶôɴ˶˵£Ҳ
ߣղŽүȫʧ󣬲űǸлɳˣүսȫǳԵңǲ֪ҲҴӦ
־һ䣬еĿ⾡Ծۼϡ
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼݱ־档־һĽ۷ߣս۷ķﳽԣ
֮ǰ̸£Ȼᱻ˵ɻǿųԺһƽ־ȷɣûΪ־˾кβס
ֳ裬Ҳֻܹˢ
Ҳ֪Կ϶״Ӧ־սϾغ
ԣ㵽״𲻴Ӧ㲻ӦھͶֽϵΪһķ־Ҳе㵣ĳԲӦԼսֱӶ֣뵽Լ涼ѾˣھͶ֣Ǿʵ̫˳ˡ
Ҫóóھֻйߡ
ڽ־򳽻Էս֮ʱԱͣ½Ųʱٶ־˵ôһ䲻Ļɫû˿仯ԵõȻޱȣսսûգսպɡ
˵꣬Ҳܽ־ӦӦֱŰȥͷҲء
ãպʱ֣ҵ㡣־ųԵıӰ۾˵


7 
˼ų߳ıӰͻȻһ˿¶ܾýĳͬܿΪ֪պ󳽻Ծͻгʧ
硭̫³çˣһ̤϶ֻзֳܽ԰߳¥󣬳̵ʾͽ
Ե˼ûڽ־ϣػһ䣬뿪һˣպɡ
ԱϣѸٴȺգۼʧ˺С
ιԣǲҪȥ顭ųʧķţû˵꣬ԵӰʧС

ҹĻִأ¸߹ңڵ·ϿˣԶż޺һжԵ쳣
ǰȥ޺Եܼ˵ȴĲɭ֡
ɭַΪڲΧռطΧޣڲɭֵΧǿޣ߽ʱ֡
޴һ׵ŽףߵȽӦ֮ϣŸΪǿޣЩǿޱȣĶʦǿߣǲɭֵľ԰
ײɱҳ࣬˽벻ɭ֣û㹻ʵǾһ
Ȼ䣬һӰããҹɫУ¹ӳ£˵Ҳ˳뿪Ҫǰɭֵĳԡ
ǰǲɭˣ齣λѾֻܹܵɭڶ࣬СģȻ϶ٲľء
ǳǰʶ㣬˿Ҳ˿⣬ֻ۷ԪΪǰһŽ۷ߣҽ׿Խһֻ߽ޣҲû˿ϣ
κ󣬲ɭȻûƬͣСĽǰȥ
޺ƵȻδ޵ӰӣʱϢȻóɫء
˳Ҳû˿ͣΪѾܵ齣λڡһ齣ڳҲʱ䣬ȻʱĳԴδʩչ齣齣ϵȴǴڵġ
֮ǰɭ֣·İһܻ̤˲ɭ֡
齣ǰǧ״ҪԽǧףҵССġԽûзһϢȫ
ȻûйԽֵľǰڵȴбܿ޵طƾطһ·оգʱʹԽ˽ǧ׵·̡
ʱ򣬳Ѿܹظܵ齣Ĵڡܹܵ齣齣ƺҲܵһѪ֮ϵʱʱɢһ΢ȴޱȵĽ֮
ԲȻͣ£ĿֱһŴ·
·ŲٵӲҶκζȴһʱȷϣ齣ЩӲ档
顭
̲סһ
ݣ
䣬ǰȻŷһĽ䣬ǿĴ˲䱻ľмɢ׷ɡ
ͬһʱ̣һ滯һâ򳽻ԡ
̽ȥϣ˷֮ɫ
齣룬ɣ̣
ȥ齣ͨ޶Ψһݹء
飡ܹܵԼ齣Ѫϵ
齣Ҳǲϲһ΢Ľ
ű֮עҪΪ
໡
ʱԱߺȻһ޺һֻڣͷϳһֻǵ˳ֻ˸ĹӣԽضס
۷Ķޣ
Ŀֻޣһ۾Ϳһֻ۷ĶޣĿ飬ദĵһսһҵʧˣһǾͲɱɡ
䡭
ϵƽڽĽɢһ̣Ѿͬڵ齣ϻն¡
һޱȣվڲԶĶȻӦ˹Ҫ֮ʣ齣ͷ­ϣ
ۡ
ѪŰɫʷ۷ĶڳϾ߲һС
ꡭ
ͻأأһ΢Ĵڶд
ǡ˶ն𣿡óǴǶ޵ͷ­ˡ


8 ħԪ
۷޵ˣֵٴﵽ˰ƽ𣬲ԲûоÿϧǮĸвһ֡
ղŵĶȻΧ޵ע⣬ұ뿪Ȼпܻᱻ޸ΧֻҪǲ߽ޣԶ˿壬벻ɭǧף߽޵ļʷǳСҲôȺ޽ԼΧ
꣡
ȻڳԸҪ齣ȥ֮ʱ齣ͻȻһɫֱƣֱۣڡ
⣬ЩħԪڣɫ󣬳Եʱޱȴء
ħԪеһΪ񱩣һܹӰǽڣʮа˾Żʹ˱ǿʵܹⰵħԪ
ǰĳԣеİħԪҲ̫ģʱ⸱ûܹɿĳܹҲҪ˵³
ڴˣû˿ɣһʱþŽ۷ߵľħԪѹסѸٳ롣
һǰս֮һĵطϥ£뵤ʱĵһɰɫǰħԪ
ţ
ڰħԪʱȴǾ㵵ط֣ɰħԪȻǾޱȣû˿ĿңӰҲͲڡ
ô£óԾϲ֮࣬Ҳʼ˼Ե
ܿ죬Ŀе齣ϡ
ʦ˵齣ڣҸ뵣Ϊ޷⡣ʦָģĪǾ齣ܹаħԪҽ֮ٶڵ
ֿܣԸ벻ʲôԭʹɰħԪ仯ΪԪ
ôˣȽɰħԪ˵뵽⣬ٴκ˫ۣʼڵİħԪ뵤
̺ԪСеĿʺɰħԪͬһŲԪĵҩֱձɡ
ӣϵϢ˲٣˫Ҳ
ڽ۷ߵΪȫȶסҵĿͻƵĽߡȻһееԪ̫ƯͲȶҲֻǰȹ۷ߵΪ硣
Ҫڲɭˣʦ˵ò齣ڣȫõΪ⡣Իվ
ҪģѾǶޣѰޡ
֪Լڵʵ߽ϵ޷⣬Ҳ޷Զʱɱһ޷ʱ佫ɱƱػޣʱ޴ΣС
ˣõĿ꣬ĽޣĽ۷ޣһ׶ޣԾɱͷޣҲͻƵĽߡ
־ŸȽף׵Ľ׾һҪͻƵĽףҪĽͻƵ׶ٲ˶١
ڲɭУ޵֮꣬ȻǵͽޣĽҲÿһ׶޶ֱӱܿ˵ܹɱǰߣֵطǼսΪá
ްǣԼĪһӣڷһֻޣжʱⱬ䣬ȻǰްǶȥ
ݣ
׺󣬳е齣Ȼ̳˰ȫ
͡
ֻްһҽδԴͱ齣룬ͷ­еҲӦ顣
顭
ħԪͬϸ齣лԪڣ뵤
û˿ɣԾ֮ѹٶȶ˵أһȫط
ϥ£뵤۲еİħԪȻɰħԪͬû˿Ŀ֮Ҳȫ˳еǣٷְȷ齣Ĺ͡
£Ҳʱ䣬ҪʼɰħԪ뵤еԪں
賿֪ɰħԪ޷ͻƵĽߣ˵Ҳһ׶ܱ⣬ȻǲὫ˷ѵ
𡭡
䡭
ȻڴʱԶȴǶȻһ̶޺
𣡺
䣬ͬ޺ֱʽȻǽԸм֮ɵذΧס
ȫĽ۷Ľޣ
۾Ȼһʱжϳ޺֮ݡ


9 
ޣҰΧô۾ʱԭ˳ԣΪ˽޶û뵽ν벻ɭ֣ȻҲ˽ޣҲ˵ԩ·խˡ
ֻĽ۷Ľޣȫ㹻ͻƵĽˡס齣Ŀһͷ޵ķǺҹܹ۶Ľޡ
βߴ󣬲ڳӣƤȴޱȣž㣬ó쳣ļӲѰ߶Խƿ
ݣ
Ըû˿ĳɣ˲ɱȥɲǼǰ齣ƥɱȻնɱȥ
𡭡
ͷ޷·ܵ˼ƣһֱһ߹ԴǰȣҲ͵ز򳽻Դ

齣ڽ޵ǰϣǿĳʹó΢̲סһһҲƿ˽޵Ƥ⣬ǰһѪۡ
أ
ʹ֮£޿зһΪŭĺɷ죬ͷϵĳ׼ԣͬһл𳵺¡¡سȥ

Դˣ޶ã齣ڰջһĻȣҲ˲ƫǰ֮ʣ齣Ľ棬ǺȻ˽ڵͫס
ۡ
ѪҺ䡣

ɱ
ȻԲδͣٴη齣̶ֱ£ֱͷ­е˴飬ſս
ŲʵصĽޣԿסڵİħԪĿֻɱĽޣɱⶸȻ
ݡ
ˮ¹˸Ĺâ齣ֱ󷽵һֻޡ
໡
ڶֻſ죬¶ȻǴҧסɱ齣
ߣ
һŲм֮⣬齣ܱһֻССĽҧסʲôʸЯ齣̤۷塣
ɱ
ɭɱӳɢͬһɱ񣬽סڶֻޡ
ݡ
齣ƺҲܵԼܵƣ֮ϺڹתڳԵĿ֮£ԵʯٶȽ˽޵С
ꡭ
齣һȥǼĳʱϣ齣ķȴͬжĽжϣȻֱ֮ӽ뽣ʺ
ͨ
һֻһŭص㵹ڵأۼ޵£һͷ­˴顣

һֻ޼նɱͬ飬ʱһ־ĺǿתҪ롣
˿̣ܹظܵǰ˵ǿ󣬸ͲܶԿ
ӣˣ
һȻɱһֻޡ
ٶ൱죬Ѱ߶Ȳϣĳԣһȴͬǰ㣬˲󣬳˫͵ŵ棬߸Ծ齣ŷϢȻն¡

ŭһû뵽ԾȻô׷ɱ˹ҵΣ֮£ȻҲߣתΣųԷһްķŭ

޺δ䣬ζʱٳ˳ȥͷϵĳ׼ԡ
޶
һԽ޵ĳɱȻˣ齣ɱһĽâȫ֡
ء
޷һҵĺɢ񱩵Ϣ˫۳졣
һɲǼǰ齣Ȼնɱڽ޵ĶͷϡһƥİԵֱӽ޵Դն
նɱֻޣʱóĽˡŵϽԴеˣҪӶ齣֮ն顣
ǽޡסֻ֣ǵȻʱڳԵ󣬺ȻһͻأĺӰԳǰ˳
ţ
ɫһ䣬ɱ¶ķ򣬲˭üͷʱ
ǣ
˳Բİǰˣǰں¥һȷɵĽ־˼ԼˡˣˣϢȻﵽ׵ĲΣȴǱϹϾվڽ־󣬿óǽ־Ļ
־ŭһŵµĽޣǰȥʲôǣϿѽ޵˽
˼ҲǿŵϽ޵ԴȴһĨ֮ɫǰǸܵսٶȸ˹Ǹеʱ㷢ֽ޵˳ԵĽ¡
еĳڻմȾѪô˵ֻޣǳնɱģ⡭ôܣ


10 Ծ
ˣŪˣֻҵȻǹСԵ˵ţͬʱٶȴ߶ڵԪΪѾ֣վڽ־ˣѾȫסʱᷢǿĹ
׷ϰʲôʱˣ־ĿӳԣУͬӿɭɱ⡣
Ѿ׼ֻҪ־һ£ǽԳԷΪ͵Ĺ
۾΢΢𣬵⽣׷ٵǡֻǷҲ׷ٵֻ޿һġ
ֻޣ־ɫһ䣬û뵽ﾹȻһֻޣֻܿʶ˵Ȼֻȫǵ콫ǵ˽
һССķﻹɱޡߣһܽ׳ջ⽴־ĺʧʱ˵䳰ȷֻ˿УȴһĨ֮ɫ
ԵƳһۣܲɱҲûҪǣ˵ǡ
˵˴Ե˲ɭޱȣԶ㣬춼ˡ

ԣֱ
־ͺǷŭΪԻԹԵװӣȴϳԲװӣţƣȫǰǵӡ
ԣٸһλᣬ˹ģҿԿǷһȻʬ
˵䣬־ѾǰһȻûԸոջɱ޵ĳȻܹӳᵽһΣյϢ
ĿתͲὭ־вĿͣ˼ϣҪ޵ˣ
֪ΪΣĿ˼ȻЩ鲻Ҷӣǵ˵ͷ޵˶ΪдãֻҪѽ޵˽ҿý־Ϊ㡣
Ϊ˼ҵŮˣȻͼˣҸ㣬쳽Աɡ־˼ȻԳԿʱŭޱȣҶɱǸ
־˼һͼס־־֪˼ȴóƺӵնɱ޵ʵ
һȴûһᡣ
СӣүԸɱ㣬㻹ǹԹɣҲʹ졣һЦһ׵Ϣ͵س˳ԡ
Ŀɨмһ˵ߣ߳ΣԸͲС
Ľ۷ĽޣѰ߻Ҫѷɫ١ܹ׻ɱֻĽ۷ĽޣλὫ߷Сοʱ߸У˷Դ
Ľ¡
ݣ
齣ֳһĨĽâҲǱȥߵĻһѪʱӻʺŷ
ʲô
һͫȻɵϴĲţܿ𾪵ѹΪ֣ԵѾɱ
үӣ
ǷӦ٣һʱж˳һܶԿĸ֣һߴ߶ߵԪһ߶Ľ־󺰡
һնɱߣ⡭ӣ
־Ȼʲô׳գһ۾Ϳ˳ԵǿҲ˲תȫ롣һ̣ɫѾȫ仯ôܣ⳽ԲһôһӱôʵͲܹԿġСҪߴ磬ô
үȵң
ҲǷ˳Եǿƣۼ־һкԼ룬жʱæ׷ȥ
ӣǾûӵõ𣿡
һλȻǰ壬齣֮ϵһǿҵĽֱʹǰɫ䡣
룡
һ˫ƺҪס
͡
齣ķ˫ϺжѪ˫Ҳŷ
͡
Բδͣ齣ٶȻӳߵʺ㱻齣
Ѹնɱ󣬳ԵĿɨһ۾վһԵ˼Ծ𣬳˲ԶĽ־ͺˡ
үԾȻ˿ͳԼɱ˹ɫʱò԰ޱȣ˿˰ûڣΪʲôԼҪˣר賽ԡ
꣡
ĺŸո£ԾѾ󣬳ֱ󱳴͸һ顣
齣ĿѾͣ½Ų־ԼĽ־


11 ͻƵĽ
ԣ㲻ɱңǽҶүɱö̤ǡ
־һߺˣһ߾ֵ˵˿ͬǳ˿־û뵽Բʵǿֶζ˵عϺˣͲܶԿġ
ľǱвߵˣȻڽ־ΪԻΪ˹ȫó̰ΣŹһʱԵȴǻȻ˹
ס֡ɱң
͡
û˿ᣬ齣Ȼ˽־ʺڳԵǿƹ֮£־޷ĵֿ
նɱ˽־󣬳Իת˲Զ˼
㡭
Ŵ˿̵ĳԣ˼ſȴǲ֪˵ʲôһޱȵĲҰףģҲǳ˿־壬һƬΪҲʲôĹ
ΨһһɣҲʮֵǣǿ
Ž޵߰ɣӽԺ޹ϸ𡣡ԵĮȻ֮ԷŹ˼Ϊ²֣ǿԭ˵ϡ
ޱ˵仰ֱתֱʧҹɫС
뿪ûȥ˼飬޵ø˼֮󣬳ѾնԼйϵܳ˼ϵΣ˼κιϸ
ɱ˽־һǺҲýЩ鷳־еԷǳη壬־ֳʵƺҪԸĸףڵʵԶԶԽԽսԣ
Ҹطͻ˵ĿɨƮܿҵһصĵط

̷ӹȥԼϥ£ڵİħԪʼͻơ
顭
İħԪΪԪˮ㳯ĵ۶ȥ
ʱ䣬ֻԼԡڴУˬޱȡ
رǾĸо

ԼĪʱ󣬳ϵϢȻϢǿѾͻ۷̶ȣﵽĽߡ
ͻˣ
Ľ۷̺İħԪνӴһ۷Ľ̷ȥûħԪӰʶҲ˲䱻еĿܹаħԪԼΪǰ޹ˣ´˳ȥԻһĵĺ䶯
˫ԻܣûκΣպ󣬲վնɱ־ѾĶУȻصǣԻһʱңȻ۷ߣı繨ȴ߽۷ߣҪԸЩ鷳
ˣڻǣҳʱ䲻ȥ˵
齣󣬳Աڲɭֳڶһʱ䣬ڳôһҲܽһǡңҪԭһԸǾǼҫ
ڴˣԲٶ룬Ҫǵķȥ
ϡ
ȻʱһӥȻϿ
ţ̧ͷȻҹ䣬ȻܹϡؿϿյʱһֻӥɭϿջ裬ֻӥճչһɶ೤ڳ棬˸źǵĵâϻӶĵС
ӥʱʱ·ӣ̬Ϊ͡
׵ӥôֻͨӥյ͡Ժܿжࡣ
ӥһɶ೤ʱ׵ĲΣǷٶϣȫܹޣۺʵԣԲѷɫκһֻޡ
ء
ӥֲãԱ㷢ǰ治Զһ˿쳣춯ƺ޴ڡ
üͷ΢΢ڵʵҲû˿⣬ӥԸǡ
ϡ
Ȼϵӥȴվ·ĳԣųԷһХ
ţӥںҹȥ˼ƺҰæٺ٣Ȥ
ӥУȾжϳӥԼ޶⣬ҲãûΣգΡ


12 ӥ
ڴˣԶӥһХӦţʾԼӦͣӥķٱȥ
õ˳ԵӦϣӥԱû˲٣ڰгһɭڲɳ۶ȥٶȴǷ˲٣ҲóٶȲ졣
ʱ֮ӥѾųԸ˽ʮ·ʱڳһʮ׵Сɽȥ
ͣˣǰȥ˵߽޶֡һ·ϳȻоգҲ˲ޣ׵޶һһ˿ȥ
ϡ
ӥСɽɽϺ󣬻ͷųԷһߴٵ
һЦٳȥӥ֣Ǵҵأ
ʱ򣬳Ҳܹۿӥգӥ泤ֻӥצǰֻ΢Щֻӥצ˽䵱ѰӥצΪӥצͬĵУâ֣ÿڵһһĺۼ
ϵëҲһƬӲѰĵ޷ƿһ˿
ѹܹκһֻޣӥյ츳治һ㣬ǵķչռҲΪޡи̾ţһ˵ӥֻܳɳף޷׵߽ޣҲǴȻһֹƽ
ӥս۷壬ڸ߽֮£޵֣Ѱ߽޶ܹƥС
ϡ
ӥǼߣҲöųԷһкٶȲߣɽϷȥ
ʵӥڵϵٶҲ쳣˵һѼӥ࣬ӥյʵֻڿвȫӳ
æðﰡӥշ˿УԲɽס齣ӥյʵѶȲߣûҪϿСȻѾ˿УǱ˵ɽϵѱҪȫԸܹӦ
ѾӦҪӥգԾΣҲʹ
ҧҧֱ̤ȥ
Ƭ̺󣬳޾յɽ
һƬԼĪһ򳡴ƽأֻƽȴ˸ӲݣҲʯ顣ƽ룬һڰĶ
ϡ
ӥնǸڷһ
ԵԪ齣Ŷڴȥ
һֱߵڣδκαʣȻκδ⡣
һ˿˼ԵͷŶȥֻһƬڣƺһѨ
סкɫĹ㣿ѨȻһƬڣȴһĺⲻʱ˸ţĳʱ̣ȻǿʢâİɫʵӳնǡԪ
üͷһһ˿ϲüӿֳ
ȻʱԺȻ֣ںԱߣ֪ʱȻɫĹâ
ݣ
ɫâͬ磬ŶڴĳԷ
ˣ
һ̣ԵظܵһǿҵΣӿɵ
ڳԸոպˣһֱֻһߴִڴߣǴ涴ڴڶ
һ˫ɫ۾ԡ
Կǰߵȫò̲ͫס
ȻǺڼߣ
ڼߣɴףйɣͨīۼ׼Ӳǹ룬̺綾Ǹ߽޶ܹһ˵ڲɭΧѳֺڼޣкڼ֣߳ʮа˾ر
ԭǲԪġƳһۺڼĶڣԪ˺ڼߣӥ˹ڼҪ̲Ԫûôס
Ȼڼ߸ţԲ̫ǣⲻԴԼʵţͬʱҲӥΣա
ϣ
ȻӥŸճ֣ӥһںڼͷϣֻǰ㳯źڼߺݺݿȥ
˻˻
ڼ˸ŨŨ׹⣬̧ͷϵӥҧȥ
ڿռ䷶Χ˴ĵطڼߵ̶ȸͱȲӥȻףһʱ˲ӥ
ϣ
ӥס˺ڼߺ󣬶·ĳԷһУȻŶڻӶ¡
ҵѨȥժȡԪȻӥңȥЦһһʱͳŶڷӶȥ


13 Ԫ
ⶴھͬڰ󣬳Ժͺڼ߻õ㣬ӥͲˡ
ء
ڼ߿һĻҪǰأӥ⣬ܿٶȲס
붴Ѩ󣬳ԵǰͱһƬڣֲָֻǰĲԪĺɫâ
ԪһѼĸ߼鱦̺Ű纣Ԫ԰ΪǶʦǿ߶д
¡¡
ϷĹԱü࣬óڼǳ׷ŭ
úڼ߽붴Ѩڵĵطҿ϶뱻ܲԪж٣ժ˵ͷѸϣ̽ǰĺɫʵץС
ȻĿţµ׬ˡԪֺ㴫һɱУвԪɫһϲҪӳڡ
ȻʱȻһϢ洫
ţ
һתĿ⣬ǰһƬڣκζ
¡¡
ϷӼңʱʱ¼ʯ顣
΢΢ҡͷֹסеĺ棬ֱӳڡ
ء
Ըովȣһ˶ĵȳͬʱڼߵľ쳯ݺҧ

һ΢΢ζͬʱе齣Я֮ںڼߵľ
͡
齣ķâֱƿ˺ڼߵķԴʱնϺڼһ˿ڡ
ء
ܵشڼ߶ʱһŭһɫĹâҲϱŷӺڼеķ֮ԿóҪˡ
ػѾõĲԪʱֱһСشѾҪһеؽǰҧƬزԪ
ϣ
ȻʱڰյӥһߴٵС
߸ǣԪҾЦˡЦУһԾ˿ӥıϡ
أ
һĻڼжʱӿֳһɼȵķŭɶ೤ͬ㣬ſеӥȥ

ڼٶȼ죬ӥ޷ʱֻӲĵצĻںڼԴϡһ͵ĳӥζȻߣܿͳ
ϡ
˺ڼߺӥһǲҲ֪ѰѾɹذ˲Ԫ
УԿеĲԪҲЩϲ⣬ȻеĲԪδȫ죬Ԫͬ鱦ֻҪа˷ܷʳЧ϶١
ûãӥһɽϡ
ϣ
ոأӥ㳯ųеĲԪԵޱ˷ܡ
ӥ֣Ԫҵ洦ҲǲСĿŲԪһţ㿴Σ
ԽĿŲԪϣЦ˵
ϡ
ӥȻ÷ŭƺǳԸ⽫Ԫָԡ
ӥ֣Ϊ˻ȡĿŲԪҶе˲ٷգȻʵǲԸָңǾˡԺ㻹ʲôæҪҰҿɲȥðˡЦţ󷽵ĽԪȫӵӥ¡
ڶģӥҪæĵطԪȻ԰Ϊӵ齣󣬳ԾûвԪҲʲôʧ
ϣ
Ȼӥ˼Ƭ̺ǰһµĿŲԪֳߵԵĽ£ȻųԷһƵС
ӥ˿¾ͺˡЦһԪ
ԪȻδ죬Ч֮ڵĲԪҲ̫࣬ͨǵõ϶ǵһʱãΨкڼȰŲԪޣŻȲԪʳ
Ҳñ˳ԡ
ŲԪҾ㲻ͻƵ߽ףҲԴﵽ۷塣
Ԫ˼壬̲غãԪ뵤ԪΪһŲԪ̺ԪһһĽײΣĽ߷ãҲͻһףﵽס
츳ԽǿռԽ
ӥ֣֪ҿɲһŲԪһԵӥʵ
ϣ
ӥӦһȻһطȥ


14 
лӥ֣
״ԱȭһЦһŲԪŽһŲԪſ̽˸С

ϥ£Ժܿ͸ܵԪΪһɹɰĺԪڷڶ絽ԪһδԪ̷ͨȥԻᱻű塣
ǶתԪ뵤ԪԪʹλΪǡ
˵Ԫֻʺ߷ãͨ˳죬Ȼʳ֮
ͬ˰ӿԪڳԵڷݣЦһûһĽţ˿Щʧ㡣
ľԺӿʱ䣬ЩҴڶԪһʱסĵȥ
ٶȲ죬Ϊȶ
ǳԸ⣬ȫһЩԪȫ뵤ӶΪɲǼ䱩ǣһԭڵԪԪԪѳںϣûаֺô
ˣԲڽڲԪԪ뵤ںϡ
ա
ںϡ
ʱ仺ţҹĻ£¹ˮɽֲľϣܵ¶ҲȥϮˡ
ϥ˫Ŀգɫƽƺδʱܱߵĺ䣬Ǿͺһ붨ɮ
˿ϵϢǰȴ֪˶١
Ľ۷壡
ʱ䣬ɢԪϢԭĽ׳ڣﵽĽ۷塣
Ʋδʹֹͣڼ
ȻŸոմ۷ͻƵĽףȻᶨҪͻƣһٳΪߡ
вԪһ׶ͻƲˣҲûҪټȥˡ

ڣӿϴڼžɽϷ·΢ӹɢĽ۷Ϣδټǣͣ
иڣԻֳܱᷢߵԪٶȣѾӿ졣
ࣣ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ϢͬգȻǣ˲ͻǰ˽ޣﵽһΡ
ף
ҹɫʱԵԪΪͻƣﵽߡ
һʱ䣬ӲǴһ۷ߣףͻƳΪһߡ
ǴǣԻһ𶯣˭õ֮ǰ˳Ϊ꣬ô㷭
һףǿû˵
ֻǣͻ֮󣬳Ե۾δرϵϢڼûֹͣļ
ȥһʱǸոմﵽߵϢǳȹϵԪϢҲڿٳǡ
ȥʱԵԪΪһͻƣﵽڡ
һΣԵ۾˿
Ȼ䣬۾棬ʵʰĹâǰڰնΪ֮һ
ڣЩˡһ˿Ц⣬ܹͻƵڣΪ⣬ΪǿŲԪ̲ص˽뵤ﻯΪãǱʱһ
ӥ־ȻҲʼˣ
Ŀ˲ԶӥһĹâӥѾ۷壬Ȼδﵽ۷壬ΣҪͻѾǷǳѣӥ״ƺҪһͻƵ׵ļơ
׵ӥȻ˵߽޵УѰ֡
֮ǰӥʹﵽףֻͬΪ׵ĺڼߣȻ֡
ͻȻĿһӥµֻ絶аצӣȻ˸űĹâ¹ӳ֮£ŵâӳ䣬и
ʱ򣬳뵽֮ǰӥڼսĳ棬ʱӥû÷սڵʹֻצӥȴû̫·硣
ʱӥ֮δ̫·磬˱ƶٶȿ죬ٶҲǴﵽһ̶ȣӶڼ˼鷳
ӥֻצԼٶȷ༫Ѿ߱ƣҳٶܹ࣬ȫͬʱ̳ЧҲ϶١
ΪȻﵽڣһЩ߽ߣҪ˲٣ʱҲٽԼΪȥʣµһŲԪԲʱã׼ͻ߽ʱʹá


15 齣
Ϊﵽ۷ߣòԪĻɹͻƵ߽׵ĸʣɡ
ٶȣǳʱԪͬʱ̳кѶȣ
пʼ˷˵ûܹƿأپԲܹͨġ
ΪҪһҪǳ󣬱ҪڵԪƿس̶ȴﵽʹá
ϣ
֮䣬齣Ȼʣ¹֮ˮ峺ϢɢݶԪת֮£齣ǰƽƽ̳
һû˿ԣǵһ̳ȥ֮ʱеԪƺʼҡ
̫ˣ
üͷ΢΢𣬵еĽδͣ£ظŷƽƽһ̵Ķ
Ҳ֪Լ״˶ٽ˿̿еԪѾþ˲٣̳һͨ߶ܹܵԪҡ
УУһ̳Ԫǿɱ൱ͨ۷ߵȫһ˵߽ߣ߶ܹӦ
ͣϵĶȴڲͣ˼Լ̽ʱ龰
ʱ䣬·һֹͣԺ˴̽ûκζ뷨
Ԫ̽ȥʱвĽڳȫ̳ȥ֮ǰԪҿӶı䳤̳ȥĹ켣ôԪҵĿռУȫýͬʱ̳
뵽۾һ⣬˻Ȼͬһֱǰ齣Ҳһâֱֱǰ
ݣݣ
ˡ
̳ռ·Ϊֹ֮һ̣ڳԷԲ֮ڣֻʣһɳĽ⣬еԪȫ˵Ľ𿪡齣Ľ⴦˸ɭĺ⣬̳ȥĹϣһεɢ
ĳʱ̣齣·𱻷ѿڳԵľ׼֮£Ȼһ˳ȥ
ݣ
ͣ
ȥǴһ齣Ľ⴦ȴ۵Ľââգһ΢죬һԪҲ̺¡
ʱһλʦڴˣ϶ᱻ𾪵˵Ϊһ̲ص£Ѿͨ˵ⷶ룬ǽʦҲܹϾ⡣
һ󣬵ΪԪҳĹ켣·ǳ߽ͨһʱҲԵֵһСģ϶һ֮³Դ
ԵһĨ֮ɫǰѧδȥо֪Լѧ츳һΪܹΪصݣòԼһ
飬һһɱݵġеĳ˸ž⣬飡һͽ飡
˿̣ٿȥЩޣȥЩŶĳˣȥǸͬɥ֮ȮŮˡ
ֻʣ
ѾŹâ𣬳Ȼһ֮νףϵϢȴԵΪʵûһ鸡С
ˣȻǼ֮ʱݺᣬ̳ȥ֮󣬿еԪֹ齣һɵػΪâǰ
һ̳ܹĵâЩ¾߽ߣҲܹնɱ
ڵĳԣܹͬʱ̳âҪͬʱ̳ĽͱҪͻƣԪΪӣٶȼҪͬʱ̳ĽҲ¡ڣ㲻ʹ൱ھŽ۷ߵľҲܹնɱһͨ۷ߣһʹ˾¾߽ߣҲҪĽ¡
ΨвǾ˶ٵİ˽ߣܹӦ³ԵĹ˽ûһЩֶΣҲ޷Գв
Ȼ˾ŽߣĽǲġ
ʱ֮
ӥҪͻƻҪʱˣѾ˰죬޶ѾʼѨϢɽҲ޳֡
Թ۲һܣò˵ӥǻ治ɽȻǺܸߣֻף·ɽ·ͣ޸ͲԸӥҪɽĻֱӷɡһӥ˯ܵ޵Ĵš
ɽ߶һȦԿʼѰɽĵ·Ƭ̺ѡһΪߵ·ֱɽȥ
뿪Ѿʱ䣬ڲɭжЩʱ䣬սϼȡս飬뵽նɱ־鷳Ǿȥһˡ
ʱ䲻֣ҵ˼пܻὫŭйϡ
Ⲣϣġ


16 Ժ
ϣ̿˵Ψһһˡ
˷󣬳Կʼǵķȥһ·żҲޣȴѡƵûҪ鷳
ʱ󣬳Է糾͵ؽǡ
ʱܱ˶һĿȻ벻ɭֲʱ䣬˿ȻеѪȺɱϢɢš
ϢǳһðϣԵúԿȥʮ߰꣬ʮ϶ʲôðߡ
ûЩĿ⣬һ·ͣԼļȥʱ󣬳ԼļУĴźͷŶǴ򿪵ģȴûһӰ
Ժ
ûڼֱͣԺȥ
ȻڼǾͿ϶Ժˡ
ԺϱߣռǧĶݺύŸ߸߰Ĵ¥нѧ¥ϰҡݡ¥ȡԺַΪԺԺԺΪܹͻƵĽ׵ߣԽԺ
ԺĵȻѾﵽ֮ࡣ
ǣܱеҲὫеӵԺԲǳأǵʵ
ԭֻһǾǵĳһʦǿߡ
óԺݿͨԺſڵ̤Ժš
ԺһС˸ߴľ䵽ϵҶȻͱɨȻŲٵҶӡ
ʱʱЩ߶
ǵϣɢϢȽϵһﵽĽ׵ĶûС
ԺԺ
ףǲǳȻҳԺ棬𣿡
˵ڲɭѽ־ɱˣҵĴأû뵽ھȻ֣϶ˡ
⻹˵ҵ֪־ɱ֮󣬲֪ŭΪɭ̫˽ȥ׷ɱˡ
Ϊ£ǽҵˣѾŮ¥£ó̳֣ǾͽץԴв
ò˵Իǵֻ벻ףԭȲǷôͻȻôˣ־Ľ۷߶ɱˡ
˭֪˵ǿʲôĵֶأҿɲǿԼʵɱ־ġ

Ů𣿡
ǿľ׵ľ˲Զ˵̸
˵ֱָۣǰȥ
Ŀ겢ԺԺԺ
ԺĴ˽ͷԲԺԺ
ԺеĵӱԺֻ࣬вһǧˡҪԺֻһǾʮ֮ǰΪĽײΡ
ܹһȴǼ٣ҲʹԺԱԺԱܴ󣬼Ƕʮһ
ԺʶԵ˾ͺˣԺҲûԺôУʱ䶼ֺС
ʵԽǿˣԽŬ
ǰҲҹγ̣ԳԿԺеļ䣬ɵؾҵ˳ڵᡣ
Ůֹ룬Բûֱӽҳ̡
һŮᣬĿ¥ԺϣʱעŮᡣ
˿ȥͱϼ꣬ʮĵӣƾǿľԴԪĳ̶ȸӦ˵ԪΪ
ߣ
ˣԪΪﵽףͬһΡ
ʱ궼ӦԱ˿ĿҲ¥ת˳ϡ
ԣ
ǿϤףɫ΢䣬ܿ죬һɾϲ֮ɫӿǵϡ
죬ץӡ
һ˴һһ˿˵Ļᣬȫ߶ڵԪץ˳Եֱۡ
һ˼״Ҳæ߶Ԫ򳽻ԡ
ͷ˭ǽץסʮƽ
ʮƽ𣬾Ǹ߽ߣѲѡ
һץסԣɲʮƽô򵥣˵ûõҴĿУӶһ졣
ȻǾ볽ֻʣһ׾룬ΪϾץסԣޱȼ֮ʱȴǷ֣ԵӰȻģ

һ͵ĳǵؿڴ߷ݣɶ
ꡭ
߹Ƿ׷׶ѵҲѪǿп¶ԺжеȵߣڳԵУȻһжδ߹ͱˡ
⣬ǳ֣Ժɱˡ
ȻͲˣǱʬ塣


17 ֮
һĻܿ˵Ŀ⣬Զ߹ԺӶΧ˹ۿŮᣬҲŲſȴؿš
˭Ȼѽͽˣɶ߰
ղ㿴ûУҿǸ˺ֻһУһоͰѽ߸ˡ۷߶
￴سôͻˣ
س̣ΪԺǸԵķɡףôô죿
ԣǳԣԺǸﳽԣ
ˣˣȻһҵھ͵ء
վţΧ˵ۡ
ˣ
ԴӲΪ
硭
ܿ죬һӰ˳ǳ̡
ϲŨŨĵ֮ɫɫҲЩ԰ףվ˹ȻǳԣӿٶܹȥͲ˵Ļֱ˵磬ߣҵĴ㣬Ҫ־뿪ǣԽԶԽá
Σա
û£һֱԺȥҵ˲ôġؼ㣬һ֣ҵ˾Ի᲻һнץסȻɱ㡣
顣ҡҡͷʵµףʮţѧԺӦҪ²˰ɣ
²Ժÿһ춼һΣֻҪΪﵽĽףͨԡһֱͨӽԺ
ԺӣԺĵӣÿһᱻص
ΪԺӣҵ˾ԲĿŵɱ
Ҫĸоߴٵ磬߰ڻʲô²⣬ٲ߾ˣҵˡ
ߣɱҽҵ˻ߣֱǻ֮
ʱһſŭЦʮӰӲԶ
ΪһˣڳԽµĽ־żƣֳ۷ΪĽҴ٣
ǽˣǸӶӲˡ
˽ңǸؽĳңҪû䡣̣Ҳ϶ڽҵ
û취˭ǸԲ֪ôƫƫｭ־Ȼ־ɱˡ
˵Ϊһ˼Ůˡ
ջˮ
һ˺ܿͳ֣ܹʮˣʮУϢһﵽײΣǴﵽϡ
۷塣
ݣ߽ߣҲӦ
ڳԸոսԺûãյϢԳԸյŮỹӣʹ˸˹
ʮһ֣γһԲȦԸΧм䡣
磡
ɫӲ԰ף۾Ｘž֮ɫǣӰȴվ˳Եǰ棬Ե󡣶ֻгܹһлᣬӣ
һֱŸ˼ҫһȫǾˣ֪ԼϣԶˡΪҳ׵ǳҲܻǼȥ
ңܻҪ˶ʧȥһˡ
Ψһһˣ
ΨһģǾܵóԻȥ
Ϊ˸˼壬Ϊü屣һӡ
ӣҲҶ㶯ô
۾΢΢ţڵԪѾת˼£ʱȫơ
һִ־Ҫڣһֻȴץֱϣ£
ȴشУǳԵ
΢΢һ㶣ܿ죬ŭӿӡ
ԸͲǽĿĽֱӵܵɱģô
ǺǣȻ񡣡
ŭЦôɱ˳ֻҪлҿȫʬ
ܵǸ׳գҲһ
㡭
ô
ããã
˵ãɫǵͨ죬ŭգսҲң
磬ҪӦ
Ҳ˲÷ŭæֹ磬۷ߣֻһͿͻƵ߽ߣ㲻ܸ򡣡
۷ߵʵԺ棬ĲΣĹУ㳽ʵˣҲܻǽĶ֡
ȻȴҡҡͷҴӦ㣬ʱ붨պ󡣡
֮ԶԣΪ˺²⡣
ͨԣԸңͻһ㱣ϡ
ԺӵݣɲǱԸͶԸġ
ңԺ֮󣬳Ҳֻǵһͨӡ
ţÿһжܵԵӡһں²бֳ˵츳ʵԻᱻԺ߲㿴С
ʱҾҪԸҲĿŵˡ
ܣͱҪȥս


18 ɱ
ϲһֳԣһʱ佫ɱԣӦԵʱ󣬽ҵϲҲԲӦ
ҽˣҲھͶԳԶ֣ΪԺĹءΧôΧۣߵʮһ߶ԳʵΧֱҵ
ȻֱӶֻ֣ս
ʱ䣬Ȼ糽˵
üͷ΢壬ܿ죬˿
ȻѾɱһˣֺαںɱһɱһɱҶǶˡ
뵽ԵΪɴ˵ãǾڣ
⻰һΧ۵˻ȻرһЩղûԳ֣һߵ˶Դԣ˿á
ӡ׳աԼֱһΪǰ˵֮սʱ֮ƣû뵽һԣͬڱԡ
ôģھϣˢӣý΢չ¶ЩʵҲҿ̽ɽһǣӶ֪Լ뽭֮䵽׻жĲࡣ
ǰԺذеھŵĸ֣ǿ֪ĲжҲĿˡ
ʲôÿģԿһ۲۵ķ˵ˣָýӳʵǸǲܵ顣
ٺ٣ҲôģȥԼֱ˷ʱ䣬һȥ

磬㲻ܴӦҲ׼ȥ
ȻڳԸҪͽǰ֮ʱȴͻȻǰǰ档
ŮˣҹȻҲ
ۿųԾҪԼ뿪̾ȻȰ裬۾ۿҪֽѵ
ԽģҲ£ȥɡ
˵꣬ԱǸŽŶķȥ
ͻȻһƷȻڳԵ
̳֡
ԱǿŽǰʮһУʵһߣ⧲£ȻһƸ÷˳ȥ
磬ӣ
һˣԭȶԳγɵİΧȦʱһ©΢΢԰׵գҲһ˼٣Լľ
̲֪Եжǿʵȴ֪Ժذеھŵĸ֣ȸ֣۷Уٮٮߣֻи߽߲ܶԸ
֮ǰȻչ¶˲׵ʵ߽ȻǼ
̤˶̾Բóԡ
Ϊ˲óҾ֣̲ò֡
ɱŮˡ̾ȻҶ˳Ϯһ㶣
Ȼǳȶ֣ôǽ̸ɱԺҲﲻ
´ĿͶ˳ϣҪ£Ե׳ְﳽ̡
һԳ֣ͻϴʮһߣչΪ͵Χɱ
ۿţߵĹҪ䵽̵ϡ
ɱ
һ֮ӳԵĿбһ̣ԵӰʧԭأ˲̵ǰ񱩵Ϣӿͻߡ

Եȫϣûκ˾͵Ѫ˿ɫҰףųԵĿУŨŨ֮ɫ
ܹܵڸոչʱɢԪһǴײΡ
ɲǼ䣬ԵĹȴǿٵ䵽ϣ޷ֵ
𾪵ģǶˣȻеˡ
ͬţȻѾŻɱߵʵʱֳʵȴߣһͬʱ
ʵǱҲѷɫ˶١
ɱԾȻҶǶ֣ҳɱܿ죬Ӧɫӿֳһ˿
ȵľǳԳ֣ȻԵʵЩԤϣƿطΧڡ
䡭
䣬Խʮϵϣȫһǿơ
Щνһγһֲһųѹȶȥ
ֻһͨ˵ĻƵѹ£ԻѸٱʱ˵תһڵԪʮѡ
硭
԰ףվڳԣܵѹҲСиĳԡ
Ųһȫ
һ̣齣ȻʣĽɢ޼᲻ݵƣ߽ʮγɵĿֲһٺ
֣
۾ûϵԾȻô׵أƽôɢƣ޷
ڲЩʱ
һ´ԼҲ彣ųԳɱȥ
۷Ŀֲƣ˲䱬Χʮߵƣһʱ䶼ǹĳЯһԵֵķϢ˳Եؿڡ
ԽŽĳóֻʣ֮ʱ齣Ȼӳ


19 ˽
һûʹκεļɣȫȫƾűڵʵжԿ
ҪԼڵͨҪԪ乥ͨ
ͬΪ׵½޵УǸ߳һ׶۷أ

ཻǿҵɢԸоڴ΢΢飬ŲҲ̲ס˰벽
Ȼ͵ֵסˣԪԽôԽ󡣡Ȼú˰벽Եȴ˷֮⡣
˰ħԪ֮ҽ֮ͷԼڵԪҪͨյԪö࣬ҲǼ
ֻǣ֮ǰڲɭߣǶôǿ󣬳ԲҪȫͿӦ
Խôһ۷ԪΪߣԽȫʩչ˿̣Ҳ֪Լʵ
Ԫʵɿȱ߳һ׵ߡǼϽԼӴľΪ߳һףɨȫʩչ£㹻Ļһ߽ߡ
Ψо˶٣ԪΪԶԶԽİ˽סŽߣſԻ
ԣҵȫһ֮£Ȼûˡ۾۵һĨ죬ܿ죬Ĩ֮ɫͱɱȡ
óԵΪֻڣһףƾΪȴӲǵֵסȫ
ԳĻ⣬˿ҲòϳԵ츳ȷˡ
츳ʵҲС
ƾɳȥҪɱ㣬Ѷȿ϶͡ҲɳĻᡣɱŷͷһٴλӶҪųԼնɱȥ
˿߽ʮߵĹҲɱ˹
ߣߵֹ߽ߣܹӦ
ˣһĻܱ˵ж¶ֻ
ɫҰޱȣҲȫҲ֪ʱǸû˿ߵĻᡣ
ȻĿһ˲ԶһӰæһס֣ͳͳס֣
˽ǱͻȻһסҲ΢ͣ
յ̳ΧһӰ뵼ʦҸ鷳ֹ֣
뵼ʦƷ壿
ų̵Ŀ⣬˵ĿⶼۼһӰϡһ۵ӣʱʱɢŵϣȻ̺۵״ȴ˸һͲм
ô˵棬ҲʧԼݡ˵ע£ǰȥʵô£
֮ǰҲǴӸ˶ֺ²ǽ볽Сëͷִûٹܣ׼뿪ʱȴ̸סЩˬ
ԿһƷ壬ջĿ⣬齣
ƾǿľȻƷ岢ûа˼ȻĻͲԵô䵭ˣҲԵŷ֮⡣
Ȼûһ㣬ٽΪҸɱܵܽ־Ǳǰ϶սҸȻȴӦȻˣ˿̸ǶҸΧ뵼ʦظҸֹýȡս
Ǻǣ㵱ϹҸոտǿȶֵģֻϣֹֻǰǶѪˡƷȻԵõĮޱȡ
ȻԺԺʦΪҲﵽ߽ףｭûǵġΪȻߣڵĽңȴһĴ壬ȻϣʲôƣοǱԺԺҲǰʮܽ뾫ӢԺһｭԺԺɾͲкùӳԡ
Ҵʱȴڴһ̡
뵼ʦ㡭
ɫһ䣬û뵽Ʒ徹Ȼ˾½Ȼͳȶ֣ȫԿóǱβŻᶯ֡
Ʒ壬ѹͲΪ롣
˲
ˣεĹһ£Ҳ׼ڼ˽ȥȻﳽԳ̶ˣƷҲ̫ԣص˽ΪֹǻҪٶȥҪָһǾ϶Σ
ûʼ磬ЩŪЦţ۾ȴ˸Ų̵ɱ⡣
̤˶ԲԻĻᡣ˵Ըոձֳʵе⣬ԾôʵҪɱûκѶȡ


20 
иֳһɷߺ֮⣬ʱҲû˿취ֻǽĿͶߵĳԡ
Ȼ򳽻ʱȴǷ֣Եɫûκα仯飬޷𳽻Եӡ
ųԵʱ򣬳ǵĮҲƮƮ˳Ҹû
ԺĵشһԼռϰƽ׵̨̨שɣӲʵʦǿҪݻѶȶߡ
ɫ̨ϣüŵɫ߼ȥԵе㴥Ŀġ
̨ԺΨһһ
ܣǿĳأ˽йĦ
ʱŲٵѧԱӣ˷ŶӿӵҲڶ
˵ǸԺذеھŵĽҪڶϽսⲻǺܻȫͬһεˡ
ǲǧȷûϢֻҪеʦһǾͻ̤϶бԡ
û뵽֮ǰԻһΪĽߵķۿžҪϳԺǰ죬ȻһƾͳĽ۷Ľ־ϣڲɭнնɱҿ˵ʱ־ߣߵĻء
еĴŶģǸԿɾͲˣȻӵնɱߵʵʵȫԽԺˡ
ʵȻȻҪԣǾͿ϶ˡԺذУھţ߽ͨߣ濹һˡʵȫûκĿܡ
̶̵ʮӣΧڶܵѧԺӣȻǧ֮Щ˳ԺģҲԺġ
֮ⳡսȫǴո֣˳ҲĿһԺذھŽķɡ
ڳܷڽϻͲǵ۷Χ֮ڡ
磬ⳡԣа𣿡
һȺȽϡĵطվڳԵĳظ䲻֪Ѿ˶ٱ⡣
Ե˵ͷʾԼаգ뵽ԼѾ֪˶ٴͷƫĿ⣬ų̣˵ģɱ˽֮Խҵı

죬һʱЩӦ
״ҲջĿ⡣
ⳡսаգ˵ģɱ˽֮Խҵŭͱ
նɱѣҵڶ֣ȴڵܶԸġ
ȻûʦǿߣҲǽҼ֣һŽߡԵǰΪҲŴﵽŽ۷塣˵Žߣȫɽնɱ
˵Žߣǽı֣λ˾ӢԺ߽۷ߣԶһܹԸˡ
ܹ뾫ӢԺΪѧԺӢӣ츳Բܱͨ⡣ӢԺеǷ磬ԿԺɨͬеͨߡ
߽ͨ߳ԿԶԸնɱӢԺ߽ߡ
ʵڲУⳡսҾǱ²ٳ
Խе׿ȫ˷һһʱ䡣
ģԪǴԪԪںϾ
һߣɭĿɨڳϣϹŲпЦ⡣
үʵݣûҪԺǸԽսǳ־ˡ
ǣүҪսҲӦȥսذǰ˵ĸ֣սȫ˷ʱ˷Ѿ
ڽߣҡͷ˵ֻȻô˵ǿ򳽻ʱȴ¶һĨ𾪺ͼɵȻûԺͳԽ֣ԽȫһȻûˣܹһɻߣʵѾΪߣҲ޷һ
ذǰˡĸ֣΢΢ݣ˵ȻûԷϾɱҵ֣ܵܵܲұԣԶְɱúá
Ǿ̨濴үˡƨС
ʱΧܹۿѧԱӺȻ˵Ŀⶼۼһ


21 Ȥĵʦ
ǸŶУһ˵ЩϤóԺͽбԵƷ塣
ˣҲԺĵʦ
һź£ͺƷ࣬ʮͷӣͬŵϣʱɫޱȵĮԼ仹Щͷر򳽻ڷʱֲͷԵøΪ
һʦȥԵúˣϵ·ãϵ¶һϸĿӣȴһ㶼Ǳĸо
ԿʱͫȻ
λʦϵϢƷһʦ߽࣬׵ĲΣϣȴǸܵһǿҵΣϢ
ΣϢԴںǹֱĽ⡣
ɽ·Ҫ͸أκƣһַĸо
ԼãɽȫΪ߳׵ľŽߣпܱնڽ¡
ɽȻ̲ڣΪûдﵽһ̶ȼѲǳԵõ齣ԽĸӦҲ޷λʦ̲صĿֲ⡣
ţ
Զλʦʱ򣬺ƺҲǿƶκﶼĮĵ˫ͻȻ̧˳ԡ
һ̣Ծ͸о·һʵʰ͸Լ
Ծһݣһ𶯡
ҪսԺӳ԰ɣǺǣһȤꡣ
ۼֱԼĿ⾹Ȼܹ鵭λʦвֳһĨ
ǰ˵һԺӽսе㲻ˬΪʵȱˣҲܻʱ˷ѵȥɱԺӡ
ҵˣͿߡ
ֻǴ˿̿Ҫ뽭սĳԣȻãⳡսƺеǰء
Ȼ˵ʦ򽣵ʦر򽣵ʦǰǴ𣿽ôˣ
򽣵ʦƽʱ൱͵û뵽ڻսļලԱ϶ǽģҲֻнҲ氡
԰򽣵ʦʱ򣬿ԺĽŰͻ߽ߵʱܵһֻ߽޹ɾ޷ٽףڵΪ϶ԴﵽŽߡ
򽣵ĳ֣۾ͬ¶һĨ֮ɫ׽һлᣬҪλΪԶ߽ͣײεĵʦӭ򽣣޵ʦʲô磬ˣҵսලԱӿܳ
̧Ŀ⣬Ƴһ۽ȻĿ⣬վһԡ
ͷβѹûὭ˼
ⳡսɵþˣǧ
һԣƷɫЩѿæЦ˵׼ˣ
׼ˣ뵼ʦսʼɡ򽣽ӣҲȥƨɣýҴүҪ£ˣҲûҪ˵
ˣһ䣬˫ž͵ɵ棬θ߸Ծǰ׸ߵĶĿֱӳڷŨŨɱԣɱҵܣڣҹ
ڣҹ
𣬽ȻһǿҵƣƱǰԳԶʱ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱ
ȻһεսǾȫ˿
Žŭȣƽż棬ƮƮطӵ̨ϣҪɱңѵҾƾɱڳͿûǸˡ
ʱƷҲѾԾ̨ųԵĿ˿ЦͳһЭһ֧ëͱʣսҪǩһЭ飬ǽд棬˭˭ƾ
˵ţƷѾЭݵǰͬʱ΢΢һЦ
ýǩúƷõǰԽԼд¡
ԣʼ
еëʻδ£Ʒ³仰һ䵽̨䴦
ݡ
ͬһʱ̣֮Ľ嶸Ȼһ֮ͬ˲ɱǰ
˿̣ԵϣȴƷëʡ
ɣ
̨¿һĻĳŭû뵽ƷԺʦȻ뽭˰㳽ԡ
ѧԺӼ״ҲΪԴ򱧲ƽƷ屰ɡˣȴһĵĮͣͲ·ϡ
һ֮ˣǺαȥ˷ѿࣿ
վ̨µüͷ΢壬û뵽ͬһƷ壬ȻС˲Ż
ҲԣԼоƷΪ˸Ͳ̫˽⡣
վԱߵˣЦţĮ
ݣ
ΪԽڽһͻأгԿʱһ˦еëͬʸ˽档
˼άӦ֮죬ȫ˵ϡ
ߣ
һгֱӴ˷ëʡ
ž
Ȼڽոմ̴ëʣƽ˳ʱëϵī֭ȴǽϡ
ǵĺɫī֭ƾ˼üͷһ£еĶȴû˿ͣͣ׺Ϣ˳Եؿڡ

һΣɶ˽ĳ
ٶȵǲҵҪܶҼ
̵ЦţϢȻߵ㣬۷ߵ˲䱻ɢųѹȹȥ
ѹˣò˵ܹеذھţȷһֶΡ
Ȼܿͷ֣ɢƣԳԸû˿Ӱ졣
ݣ
ĹѾʩչȥ϶ջأûӰ죬̬Ҳûз˿仯һֻ߰ش˳Եʺ
ˣ
ԽĹԸûκԥαˣ缲㣬ĳʹֺ
ƾžŽ۷ߵľȫӽ۷ߵѹȣٶȣ㲻ʩչǰҲԲȽ϶١
ۼԾȻɾͱܿԼĳ΢ݣûϵԵٶȾȻô죬˿Ҳ֪ʲôԭԼѹȣԳԾȻҲ˿Ч
״̬һֱȥԼֲѹ׵ֶó˵ѾǴ˲֮أ
뵽㣬ɫѿԲŸոտʼͱɱ˳ԣҲòǺܹˡ
һԺذھţ۷ʵҪɱһڵߣȻҪѹ׵ֶóⲻͽЦô
ݡ
ŭ֮£ϵĳٶȻӿ죬ͬʱԪ׷ڿһһǿʽϹ򳽻ԡ
ֻǣٶһӿ죬ԵٶҲ߼ӿ졣̨ϣԵη·˷У߶޺ۼ
ڽĹɵıܶ
һĻ䵽̨˵УʱʹǶ۾Ķǲš
⡭ôܣǸﾹȻܹܵؿȫһ˵ɣ
Ժʮ˻ͣߵķôͻȻôλԺذھŵ۷ֶܶʱѵͻ𣿲ԡͻƣҲܶԸ˽λ۷߰
ļ˹ˣȻûгƣҲѾǶȫĹ£ͨ۷߶֧Ų˶ãȴܹ࣬һ㶼ûгӣѲڰϻ
ĻǵذҪ䶯һˣֻǲ֪ⳡԣǸܻܲ


22 Ǵ
򽣶ųϵĳԣ۾һĨ֮ɫСԲȻ֪ЭӶٶȡľΪѾڽȻ϶ܵѹӰ졣ϧˣе󣬲ȻҵĽ

̨ϣƷɫޱѿûϵԾȻֵ˳ɫʵȫԤϣ˵Ԥϡ
Сʵ̫죬ڻڵΪҾеӦʵһ㣬ҲþȫɱˣͻȻųԽйĽͻȻһͣ·ͨʲôЦһԣò˵ܹߵΪƵʹǵһҲøеԺˡ
䣬ȻϣһɿֲԪѸ𡭡
ܵԪʼҲŽڹעȥͺ޾ˮ߲ܣϵƺܿһ㡣棬΢Ľţһɹ˺ѰϢб·ҪƿһС
һĻ̨Ƚĵӣн
ƺҪʩչġ˺ѽˣû뵽ԾȻ԰Ƶһһ֮Ҳֵýˡ
ǵõԵذʮλʱʩչһУһнܡԵʵʲôʱﵽ˿ȵذʮĸˣڵݺԺӰɣ
ԭһֱڲ׾ôǿʵȴֳ˴۽ˡ
Ǻǣٲ׾кãڻҪڽүĽ¡С˺ѽذʮĸֶûֵܵס
ذʮĸֶ׻ܵʽȻû˻ٿóԡѲڳԵʵͿȵذʮĸ֣
ɱ
һг˰ɱȻ򳽻ԣ֮ռ·𶼱˺ѣһ
Ľɱôǿ𶯿ռƣǿĥһδʩչǿľڽĽոʩչѾ׼ס׽Ĺ켣
£Ų΢΢󳷣ƻĳˣȴǸһƮƮȻĸо׽͸˶Ĺ켣
һ̣͵ĳ֮ʱԵζȻ鶯ޱȣƮƮؾƶһߣѩϻȴδһ˿һĺۼ˶켣Ҳûһ˿
ʱΨоΪԽʦǿߣſԿĲ仯
鸡ȴǽɣ֮ȻǴ֮ƽ⣬
̤ѩ޺ۣǰһ
ΪԿڱѩصĻжĥ£󹦸ʱȻܹƾžŽ۷ߵʵһһʦսҲ·硣
Ե꣬Щ¡
̨£һֱۿȻ¶һĨ֮̾ɫЩ͸ֻģؿ峽ԵĽŲ仯
ⳡѾڲ֮ˡٺ٣СҪԿˡɱ˽ҵˣҲҪٽǼһŭ𡣡˵֣򽣵ɫ΢΢任һ£û˷֣һ˿Ĳм
ԾȻٶȱӿֲٶȣɫҲ΢΢һ䣬еɱȴǿңֳʵԽǿԽᶨеɱ⡣
Ϊҵġ˺ѽôöܵôҾ޿ɶ㡣
ڴˣȻһɵڵԪӿĺˣ۵棬ɢź˵˺֮Ƭͣתݺݵ˾׵ĳԡ
ܱߵĿռ·Ѿ˺ѿ񱩵Ϣܡ
ϢҲʹóԵٶ΢΢һͣԪЩƿס
ڴ˿̣Ԫڣпܻ˵ֿԪΨﵽһǿȣԪҿԶԪʦǿߣſƿصˡ
ҲΪԭԳǰʶһеĵӣ϶Կ϶ᱻնɱһ֮¡
ǻΪ֮£߽߶пܻοֻڵͨߡ
̤ѩ޺۵һнƵ˵ģôˣҲûҪŵҫˡԪʼÿеɱøΪŨȴǲмЦһ
֮󣬳Ȼתеľȫע˫֮С
ȻڵľǺǿԶԶδﵽĳ̶ȡƾǰ÷ţǿԽ֮ӳֵУӴľתԪǿ
ֶΣ˵ǣӿû˿ƿء

ӳֵ˫֮󣬳ԵĽŲʱøΪƮĪ⣬һּΪǿҵ¸С
ɲǼ䣬˵˶һϣ뽭˳׵ľ롣
ʱ򣬱˵ףһףýĹйƤ򣬻½
Ȼ˲һ㣬˲׾Ľ䣬ɫʱþ
͡
Ϊġ˺ѽڿгױǿҵԪɢ䣬վ̨±ȽϿۿĵӣ½Ƕ
Ȼһеǿᵽ˼㡣
ֻڴ˿̣ǿ͵ĹȴԵÿЦ
͡ڴأ
̨£֪˭ѹƲסЦһΧѧҲŴЦ
رһЩ߽ߣЦǼ
ֻһЩȽϼĵӣͫȴгŨŨľ
ղô£ԵٶôͻȻô죿ʲô׳ضδʩչɣ
Ҳ֪˵û˵ֱŰһͿٶԶֳٶȣƺ߽߶Ȳϰɣ
ڻëƨսôǿɱʵҲ˺
˭˵үɱǸϡԵģǿĹûʩչءѵˣүսذڰ˵ĸʱȻˣ׹ǽԷˡ
Ȼᵽҵ׹ĵӶĬܿ죬ж¶ڴ֮ɫǵҪǰԺ˳֮Ϊݺǲܷ꣬ԿԺذھŵĸֵȫ
ĵʩչɱⳡսԻ䶯Ժǡ
ͷϵġƺҲ϶ᱻһʱժȥӶϡš֡
ʱĽɫΪѿ۾ţɢϢر̨µĳЦеķߺ޾͸ǿҡ
սذڰ˵λʱȻˣû˿˱
Ϊⳡսûʲôˣ϶նɱԣȴûϵ˺ѽʩչ󣬶ûܻɱǰߡ
Ĺ£ԷһССƶδܡ


23 նɱ
죬ҪɱǴģŭ󣬽ܿ侲뵽˳Կֲ츳ԼԸšҲҪʵ֮ġ
ԣ붼ÿֲ
Ѿͽҽ³ԹȻһδ˺ұ֤ԻǸ˵ˡһóԽ㹻ԸҵʵѱҴһ޴ѡ
ԣΪ˱𣬻Ϊ˸
գԱ
ܹұƵһˣҲֵԺˡ
뵽һϢȻüžرһЩ񱩵Ϣ˲ƽޱȡ
š
رǽϵϣǳһŵϢûһ˿һϢ¶
۾ȥԲ˻վһˡڣΧռ䣬·𶼳һƬյش
ûûԪĲ
һУԵøš죬
Եͫ׶ȻһΣУͷӿ
ȻĹδȫʩչѾиܵǿҵв
ΣУںڼ϶ܲʵԱȺڼҪǿϲ١Խֳʵ¾߽ͨߣԽܡ
رɢϢưޱȣû˿ƾǿľȫԿóⰲıǱŶôӿֲ
һ߽ͨߣпܻᱻĨɱ
ٺ٣е˼ˡ
ûע⵽̨ϵĳϺȻճһĨЦ⡣
纣˰Ӳľعעȫÿһ䡢ϸСʱȻûжȴһּ״̬
ʱԶҲʱٶȣܿĹ
ڶ֣
ΪԼ߳ٵĶ֣ս׷һɱ
һ֣ҪöԷм֮֮֡
Ҳսʼ󣬾һֱѡٶȶܵԭ
͡
˺ðε̨Ȼһ΢죬ռǳ˵ԪȻҲЩԪܵĳǿҵٻԾޱȡ
һֽ
ռԪĹ첨ԵüͷȻ΢΢һ£ڿռУᵽһɵѪϢ
ĿĽ֮ʱǷ֣ƽͫУ͸¶һֹɫʣ滹˸һ˿Ѫ⡣
һ΢ȴа֮ѪɫȻ׷ӿ򽭳˶һƬѪ֮С״̬δ̫ãܿ죬ڽĿ֮£ЩѪ⾡Աеĳսȥ
ǱȥƽƽĳɲǼͨޱȣ͸һŨҵѪϢ
ѪζһͿĨѪҲȫ޷֮Ƚϡ
ǽҲѪҹն
ֽһʩչΪ߳һ׵ߣҲԶԸҾ汲Ĳϸƣ丱ҲǺֻܴʩչڻ״̬ʱ߱ʵ۷ʱ̵һ롣ָãͨĽԣȫԺˡ

ƴﵽ壬ȻˣɲǼ䣬ΧԪ׷еĳһĽ֮
ݣ
ڽθնһ˲䣬ξ˳ԵǰѪϢһ˿ԵĽȻն˳Եͷ
ңƿ£ԪҲ·һ㣬һ뻮һĺ˳Ե塣
ֲơﵽ˶ĹΨһܽƽķʽֻһǱԸǿĹնһԵѪȵĹ
ȻԵʵֻڣžŽ۷ߵľҲ濹һС
Ȼ޷ʩչ˿ֲĹȴǿʩչΪֲٶ
ڽθնͬʱԵҲˡ
֮ʱûͬɽبһˣܣǽ
ݣ
ڽ볽ֻ׵ǰԵȻ˲ʧԭأһһԷȥ
ʧˣ
ǧԺӵΧ£Եξôʧ˽ǰڶ棬ͿԵΡ
˲ƣ
ѵǴ˵е˲ƣΨʦǿ߷ƿص˲ƣ
û˻ش
¡¡
Ȼն£жʱһ̶ıը죬Ϊ֮ը顣رǱԪҲը
ҵɢܣһεʹվ̨ǰĵӣ̲סŲˣ¶ݡ
һ̣ʶ˽Ƚǿ֮ˡ
׺ƣȿֲĹһ߽ߣնɱɣ
ֻǣǿһնУϵľ֮ɫܿͱù
ԵģǴӣ
ʩչѪҹն֮󣬽ɫҲӿֳһĨ԰֮ɫرǵǰٶû˳ԵӰĨ԰ףܿͱɫȡ
һɵϢѸתȻѾֵ
ƾٶȣٴζĹһǳ
ɫǳѿΪʩչѪҹնùٶ˲ӿ죬ͿԻɱԣȴûϵǰֳٶȣȻȫ١
Ѫҹն˹׺ٶҲ൱ѸݣһʩչΪ߳һ׵ߣҪԿͼ³Իҡ
ԣȴȫϣ׵ؾͶ㿪Ѫҹն
ǺǣԭҲǸСĵûУҵˣôǲ֪صβþλġվĳԵЦţ¶һ˿ڽ
⻰վ̨µĳ̣ԭϲ֮飬ʱɢȥһŭֵϡ
ҵˣһһˡЩмҡҡͷǽĿ䵽˳Եϡ
ԵʵȻûȫֳƿصˡ
һͨߣȻԱֳԽ߽ߵٶȡ
ԺԵصˡϾԷɲʲôһ츳µķ
ʮߣ츳Ҳء
̨ϣƷ۾΢΢ţ˸һ˿̰ﾹȻôߣһƾʲôǲﾡá
Ҳ֪ҸβþλģҸ֪ýҴү۷ߣȴ׵ķﶼܲˣʲôʸȥ̸ҵĸףԽļڽԵԵΪҲ൱Į
ܲ㣿㲻ǿٶӱܣ潻սΪֵܹһҲԣԼ϶Ҳ֪һ㣬ѹͲ潻սΪһ潻սⳡս


24 Ī
ңóľٶȣ㵱ɵӣ潻սﲻұٶȣ
ûҽսˣȻ֮ĳԹֻǷڶˡӹһѾȻڶ޷ɱԣǵȳ˶ټ֣Χɱԡ
ͳ֮ĪޣžԺڲɱԣԺϲҲ׷
رǣǺ޿ɽԣ˭ֻðŵｭҵķգȥԣ
õܵûˣһ˵꣬ԵϣȻһɺ˵Ŀֲ⣬һգ˸̹ǵϢ
ϣ
һ̣Կʼڶδʹ齣Ȼʡ
齣
һɳĽɲǼ串
ݡ
ԵΣ˲˽ǰɱ⣬ȫڡ
齣ȻһɾǿľռеԪʱ÷ܵҲһ䱻ȫɢһƬյشʱγɡ
ݣݣ
ˡ
̳ռ·𳹵׾ֹ˿̣֮û˿ԪʣµģΨǳĽ⡣
ڳԵľ׼ƿ£齣Ľ⴦ȻĿĽâ̶ĽҲ
һ·̲޾¡
ʲô
ȻʧɫһϢĵױŷȫ
ˣס֣
ϣƷɫޱ䣬ȳ
͡
ţɫһƬ䣬齣Ľ⣬Ȼ˸޷ӦĽʺС
㡭ѵŴ죬ȴ˵һ仰ȺѪҺϵشʺӿڵҲʧ
뵽Ĳǳôܻնɱʵǳôɱ
ѵԾͲ֪ǽҵĴү
ѵԲ֪ɱҪĺ
۾ŨŨĲ֮⣬ǽҴүݸ߹󣬲Լ츳ϼѣǰ;һƬδһƬã£ôܾô
ͨ
ŨҵĲʣǱֱص˵ϣһ
ȴش˳κÿһ˵ĶС
ɱˣ찡ҴүȻԸɱˣ½ҵ˿Ҫˡ
ԵҲ̫ˣɱҿǰһμ̳İ
û뵽󱬷ĹȻôǿӦĻᶼûоͱɱˣγԴѲԻΪԺһǡ
ɱ˽Ƕˣýһȥ𣿱˵ọ́ҲҪꡣ
ۼԸһ̨µĵǶʱӵɧ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ҲǳŨҵ𾪣ģÿϧ
һۿžҪΪԺǣȴΪɱүעҪҸĨɱ
ˣ㾹ȻɱҸողסΪβס֣
ϣƷǰһ۽ʬ壬ȷѾæվŭضųʡ
̨µˣҲ̨վƷԱߣסԡ
ɱǾԻȻ󲨣ǣǾԵĶ塣
Ʒ屾ýʽҼ֣ȴû뵽ڶ棬ȻڳԵ¡һҹеģѲΡ
˵ԺĵʦԸԱסҲԲù
齣ҲµĽһۣĮػشսֻзֳȶȻǲУҲȨʤδ֣δס֡ȻΪҪĻ
˿ҲδƷλʦӣͿƷѾվ˽һߡ
նɱҪԽŭ£ȻҲδ׼ҲܻŹ
ûɱɱ־ΪҲŹοԽ֮ǰ˵һ뿪ͻ֡
ȻˣֺαضԽ֣
ԵʴȾǶԼ̣Ժеĵ
ƷɫޱȣΪ糽˵սͨıԣ˫ս֮ǰûҪĻ
֮ͨսҲ˵ʲôˣǽҵĴүָļ̳˰
ĺɲһͨʦܹܵģĿת£ƷȻȵԣǳԺɣڲɭɱԺԺӽ־ʵڣ־ܣǰѪĻݹ˵Ժ棬͵
Ʒ˵̨ⷬΧ۵ӽĿųԣȻǶ֪ƷǹڸҲɱ˽ȻҪĺ
ԣʱûһΪԴ򱧲ƽ
νġĪСô
۾һҲԺȻһѧԺȴɵɹɭϣֻҪԺӲԺڲ˽ˣԺȥܡ
ˣ³ڲɭɱ˽־ҲֲԺܡǽҵ
ڣƷȴƫƫԴ˵¡
֮λ޴ǡ
ЦŵԺҪƺҲѪõֱңʱֵƷָֻˣΪԺʦѵԼְ𶼲֪𣿡
Ʒͷβһֱվڽ־ǱߣʽңͿ㡣˿̼ȻѾ˽һ鷳ԲٴƷӡ
˺ƤԷԼǰûƤɽ
㾹ȻԺʦҲҿҪʦ棬ˣӦðץѪãϹ洦
Ʒӿֳŭû뵽һ̣ԾȻҲ⣬ɶԳԶ֡ţֻҪԽץȴҵǰãҿ϶ٹ
뵽ƷѾʧȥģ˵ʦ򽣵ʦأǶһ֣ץѪãá
뵼ʦ֣ܳ˶ԹۡһԵ˺ܿͱ̬ȡ
Ʒɫ΢ÿ˵㣬Ȼ˴Ӧһ֣ƷҲЩˡ
뵼ʦӵʦǲԴҸ磬ΥԺġ
̨£ԭϲѾȻ޴棬ۼƷ˾ҪԳԳ֣ӿֳһŨŨķŭͬʱҪֹ̨ˡ
ߣﻹֲһëѾͷ˵Ǹ
ƷߣŽ
඼ߣɱЩ˿ֻţ֪ȥνǵĳɶǸҰ¡ʱƷҪΪ棬ץԣеʯͷ΢΢¡̾ȻҪȥֹƷץԣȻǲͬ⣬ˣƷո´ǾͺԥسִУеıǰһһҽסһȵٸ谭뵼ʦ£ݹǲˡ


25 ħ
㡭ǣһὫԺʦġ̸ͲߵĶ֣ҲܾôųԱƷץǾҪ뿪ȥĵʦѰ
ԹԸҴĶҲ׼ȥ㳽ҵɱүҲѲΡ
Ȼ̻δתһ߾һ壬㾱֮ϡ
򽣵ʦأ̱ƷƷֽĿ̨µ򽣣ȻһѾЩգԸһ֣ǾͿԱ֤һʧˡ
򽣵ΪȻʮδٽ粽߽ͬײΣʮǰ򽣾Żɱ߽ߵʵǿ˲ֹһǰ㡣ʮΪûнҲԶԸǰĳˡ
ո׽̺˺֮⣬Ϊδ
ȻƷʻȴ·ûһ㣬ԵͷĥųԸղʩչ齣
մƷɫЩѿһǽĿ򳽻ԣüֻҪԹԸǰѪãҾƤ֮ࡣ
ƽעи⡣
ƷЩͷصʲô⣿
δԺϲ׼˽ԶҶ֣ڼ䣬СİնɱˣԺǷң
ڼ䣬СİնɱˣԺǷҡ
᲻ݿȴ˲ʹը˹
ʲôɱ˽֮ѵ׼Ʒλʦ֣Ƿ𣿡
ǷˣҴûˣѾͷȻ˿ƷλʦɶǳѾõ߽߰ǾӢԺЩǣôò
ֱ̫ˣǲ֪ûʵƷһڰｭңǳԣҲ϶൱ŭ
ŭʲôãλʦʵܶԸôǿλ߽ߡȻԿɱô˵ʼף߽ס׺߽֮䣬һĲġ
ŰɣƷλ߽вӹ˽٣϶ᴫǣĸ׳λ˽ߣҪԽ
ڶܡ
Ʒ˵ɫҲ˼㣬һ˿˿ɱܿȫ
ƷɭЦȻǹΪŻɱʵͿԶԸ߽ھҪ֪֪ĿҪʹ۵ġ
Ҫϻˣ֡
һԵѾܲˣһųԳɱȥǿҵľ磬·Ҫ˺ѿһС
Ʒ״ҲѸٴ߶ڰԪԪѸȫһǿ϶ʱɢֲսʤĸоٶȾȻ˻Ҫһ򳽻ԣճȫ𶯣񱩵Ԫӿȭͷ棬򳽻ԡ
ݣ
߽ߵȫҲҴ⣬ղȻЩѾ˳׼ʱһ֣齣ͱʩչ𵴿ռ䣬ʹΧԪ˲ޱȣĿ£ܿɢγһƬյشĴĿâҲɲγɣʸ͵سƷ˶ˡ
Сġ
ƷǰѾʶн̵֪ɱжôֲæһˣԼǽԪעȭ֮ϣȭͷȥֽղļӲС
񡭡
һƷ忿ѾĿùһ齣ƣԼȫ֮£յصֵס˳Ե齣ʱȭͷ棬ҲЩ죬һʹ顣ҪҲ϶½֡
͡
һߣ˾ûôõˣȻƷѣû۲齣֪о̺˺£Ӳ֪ΣȻʶȥֵ齣Ĺȴδȫ齣ɢĽâʱϣһ˺ۣʺѪȾơ
󣬾ȻҶԺʦ֣ĳ˼㣬ҿѾħʶ壬ҶҪ㵱նɱ
ƷҲ룬һħ塱ñӡñһʵˣԽΪĹС
ħ壬УУĵ׸ڰɣʵĳɳɳ
˵ֱ׵㣬ÿĵǱźڰһ棬Ϊһ֣ڰһ̣ﵽһ̶ȣͻûΪ壬˼ȫںڰһ棬ײб壬ԵɷǡرǴʵǿ۶ĺڰ壬ʵǿؿ£ǿ౾
壬֮Ϊħ壬УһڣԻᱻһʱɱ
ħγ֮󣬾ͻѸ壬ԪգⱻɱһЩʵǿ౾ģǻǱĬĵʶֱս
һðħɹ壬ʶȫɣǰħ彫ȡȻݲ䣬ѻһ
ħ壬ѵǰħ壿ܰɣҿûʲô
ҿʮа˾ģǰʱԺķŹ˶ãͳΪԻԺذھŸֽ뿴츳ٺãô̶̼ʱʵô𣿡
˵֮ǰһֱ׷һ˼ŮӣΪ벻ɭ֣ʱƺ˲ɭ棬Һ˾ɭֲŽ˻ȴ˵ϵѾʣ޼Ͼͻˡ֮ûãȴͻȻ˹׵ؾͻ˹п϶ĳֶߡ뿴ʱʣ޼пǰħʶḶ֮́ͻȻѹ϶ǰħɹʶ塭
ԣ⳽ԣʮа˾žһħ塭ɱɱɱ˰ħ塭
ɱɱ˳ԡɱ˰ħ塭
ܹԺ˼άΪݣ΢ϸ룬ľ
ǡǡģҲð˾ŲʮΪԭȵǸԣȷѾˣ׵ˡ
ֻʶģʲôħ壬ǰһԵˡ
Ļǰħ壿Χڶӵķ߿к𣬳̵ɫòҰֳ̨齣ĳԣ֪ȰԼҪܱ˵Ļ
Ϊκ˶ԵȷǱˣȫȫرһˡ
ǰųɱϡ
ǰֻ֪֣ò£ֻͼʵ
û䣬ежˣĳԸĸоȫȫػһˡ
ΪʲôΪʲô
̣ʹر˫ۡ
Ҫ˳ҵԸҪ
⶯ߣ潣Ϊ̶ɢɢϣȽţĽšĥϣʮأҵˡ


26 ͽܾ
һֱ̨¶Եͷĥ齣򽣣Ȼ̧Ŀ⣬һâĿȻʡ
ħ壬־ܣȻҪġ
Ʒ⣬̨µӵҲ˶УԼҲʼԼ˵֮ԣԵȷǰħ塣
ȻѾħ塱ݵñӲ˳ϣǾ㲻֣ҲѲ˱ɱ³
ԴˣҲΪΣȻ֪⡰ħ塱ǶԷǿӵͷģʱȴ֪ν͡
ԭ˱ͲԼֻϣȻǰħ壬̣ȴȫ밵ħĹһģһ
ԣ޷͡
ҲûҪȥͣΪͲʲôħ塣
ȻܻһЩ鷳ĿǰԣֻҪǵϲ㻹δħԴʱ̫Σա
ԽҪȽǰ⡣
߽ߣ֮¾߽۷߶ضԴȻЩգҲҴ⡣

һ齣ϢٶɢĿֱǰƷ˶ˡжԼ̬ȡ
˶ɱƷ״һɰɱбҪ򳽻ԡ
ס֣
Ȼʱһը죬ͬʱһɱȳɢҪʮİԵ⣬Ȼ̨±ɽһ֣ϯ
ɫ΢֮ʱһӰͬȵ˶档
Ǵ齣ѹ򽣡
ʲôɱԺ𣿡
һ϶򽣾ͲƷ˶˵ɫֱӷʣԶƵŭû뵽Լе꣬Ȼͱ߽ߵնɱ
Ʒɫ䣬ûϵ򽣾Ȼʱ̳棬ҴƺҪֹԳԶ֣ȻŭǾѹţ򽣵ΪȻʮδдҲԲڵܶԸģ͵򽣵ʦᣬԲʲôţͱħɣѾˡȻôնɱԺλӽ־ͽˣұҪնɱΪ򽣵ʦ㲻Ըְæ벻Ҫְħ塣
ƨħ壬ҿϹ˹ۡȻҲ֪ͽ־ì֮ìܣȴڶսնɱģûΥءǣƾ㣬Ͷ϶ǰħ壬ѵǲӺôߣֱǶԺ˿Ʒӣֱָ
һԵص򽣣ͬΪԺʦкʸѵǣ
򽣵ƳһۣʸˣӦüǵԺ˵ĻȭͷʸȭͷӲҿԽѵǡǲԶҳ֣ҵȭͷӲ
㡭̫ŭӿҪֵĳ嶯ǿסˡ
򽣵ʵͲԶԿģƷҲС
򽣣ô£Ʒ˵
Ǵʬ壬ȥ¼дս򽣵Į˵һȻҲƷ˵ѿɫĿͶ˳ԣǺش³ԣԣ
Ե˵ͷȴеĪȷԼ򽣣û˿ĽӴ
򽣽ʵܷңĽʦк𣿡
΢ҡͷ΢ĩ֮żˡ
˵⽣ԼǱ˴ڸģ
һΣڶˣӿֳŨŨţĽȻģ⾿Ҫε˲Ľ츳
ǣԵͷش
һɼ˷ܣӿ򽣸ӣЩ״ε˵㡭Ը⵱ҵĵ𣿡

˻һе˶ʱ
򽣵ʦȻҪճΪͽܣڲǻûȷϳԵǲǰħ𣿡
⻹Ҫȷѵ򽣵ʦ۹⻹϶Ѿȷ˳Բǰħӵġ򽣵ʦΪȻͣͲǰˣһѧۺ;ȴǷḻ˵ǾŽ߶Ա⡣ĵӣǿɾû˸ˡ
԰ǽңҲõ򽣵ʦǽύ˺Щ˵ڱĳУǶǿߡ⳽ԣǲ˹ʺˡ
̨̿ϵĳԣϲûΪҪճΪӶϲɫǸǸ⣬ԭҴָˣǰħ壬ôðΣյԺҡ
Ʒ˶վһעţȴţ㽭ҹǾͽȫжϡϾѾԳԶ֣򽣰Ǹ
ŽҲ˵Щʲôˡ
˵𾪣Եüͷȴ΢΢򽣣ȻҪΪͽ
ǰûʦţԵˣԷʲôʵϵĻǿ԰£ѧ֪ʶԳţȻˣҲܻȥ¡
뵽Կ򽣣¶һ˿ǸЦݡ
ǧҪճΪӣû˻Ϊܾɵ¶ǸЦǵɫʱþ
ܡܾˣûɣǼһﾹȻܾ򽣵ʦ飬ѵ֪򽣵ʦԺжôʢ𣿡
򽣵ʦԲٵĽҵܾ򽣵ʦ򽣵ʦƽϣҲҪڽҵﰡ
Ǻǣҿ˸ɵˡе츳Σ˻Ҫ򵥡ҵԸٺ٣Ǿ͸һֻϲࡣ
Ʒ˶˶һۣЦǸʶôļһﰡ

ָ׷ٶ˳ԵĶԶԴȴ޶ԣš
򽣶ųԵ۾Ƭ̺۾ûΪԾֲܾ֮ɫŨسԲ̬ھֻܾؾȻûֻһȴޱȼᶨ
ЦһСЩϧ˵ûôõˡ
޵ʦ϶ѰһҸõġ
Ǻǣ㲻ԸҵҲûϵҿȻ츳ڻϣЩطòλ֪ʱҽա΢Ц˵Եúϡ޽ӿֳĽʦȴδ˼棬Ԫ˾Ž۷ĲΣͺ޽
νĽûʲôԡ
ʱ򽣻Եһѣսҵ˶֡
Ȼ֪򽣵˼м飬ǵͷˣǾ޵ʦͽˡ


27 Դ
ʵı׶ˣҲʱҲݲ飬ȻܰΪʦȴΪѧ
ڻûʲôҪȴǾȥҵԺɣȽ徲򽣵
Եȡ
Ե˵ͷ¶ߵǰʱס̵ߣʧӰˡ
ʱ䣬ȴԺҪ뿪²ʱȥ㡣
磬Ҫ͡
֪Ҫȥѧϰ˵һҲֳһ˿ĵЦ⡣
һġԵ˵ͷȻͷѾ˵޵ʦ߰ɡ
š
ûȥκˣֱһ߶ȥ
ŶȥıӰе˾þûزܿ죬𾪵ͽ˭Ҳû뵽ڳԾܾӺ󣬲ûзŭ볽̸ȻҪ佣
𾪵ǣ˼ȫڰﳽסҡ
պ²⣬Կ϶ͨʱΪԺӣҪٶԸͲôˡ

ܹڲʮ꽫ԪڵĲΣȷͦģŽֻҪŬЩʮͻƵﵽ۷Ӧ⡣ͻƵ߽ףͿ츳ˡ
徲Ժ׶ߵΧǽûκʯʯζûһţտ֮ʯ̳ɵƽϣһݺύһĽۣЩݺύңȴְ붯ĸо
ʱԺм䣬վӰǳԺ򽣶ˡ
ðԵĽ⡣
߽ԺӣԾ͸ܵһ⣬ɽ⵱г˰ԵϢ
򽣿ſտԺӣЦ˵ǺǣԺƽʱҲ˹ԾͰֱӸˣʡռط
ûϵҡҡͷ
ԣܹڲʮʱԪΪʹﵽڣֻҪŬһʮ֮ǰ۷Ӧ¡ڽʱܹͻƵ߽ףΪ߽ߣͿ츳ˡųһź޲ֱ뻰⣺Ӧ֪߳ԪʵоҲʵӶԶͬߵս
ղͽ֮սҲϸˣӿʼֻʩչ׹һǹȰ㴦˲֮أǽʹĵƣδ˺ֳֺ֮ϣʩչһ콣һնɱ
˵ʵ׽Ǻܴ󣬱˵Žߣͨİ˽߶ӦĽУȴҲ˿覴̲ص£оϰ΢һ㣬ʵǿ֮׽϶ᷢеӶݡ
΢΢һЦ޵ʦˣ׽Ȼȴʵƣʵʵ֮ҪƿأѶֻࡣ
齣ҪʩչҪռԪÿ񱩣ⷨǣûΪ⽫ɢһƬյش£һԪΪǿˣԪĿ񱩳̶ȿ϶֮ǿҪյشͱҪиǿľ֧֣Ȼ齣ʩչ
Ȼһ㣬ЩڴѯųԣҸ㽲֮ǰ֪ɷȸ׽У̺˺ε£Ȼͬʱ򡣶Ҹоƺڽ֮ʱƬĿռ䲨Щ쳣
ԣвɵӿ֮ɫû뵽򽣾Ȼ齣ʩչʱԪһ·ϳҲһ֪Ľ֪ʶԸֽҲŶصоеľܿɢתЦ޵ʦʵ׽۲ӣԪ󼤷⣬ա֮󣬾Ϳƾǿľ߶Լٶȹȥʱ㿴ǹһ㣬ʵȴͬʱ򡣡
⡢աٶȡ¶˼֮ɫüͷҲʼ
վԱߣҲš
Ȼ齣ʩչ򽣣˿򽣿齣
νۺѧʵСЩ֪ʶöþͿѧᣬʵʮٱʱ䶼вͨ
׽̫ˣȫһ·ϵģһʱҲ벻͸һǵȽʱٶоɡӣ򽣻ҡҡͷЩε˵š
ųԣ̾˺õһӣȻܵԼĵӣǿϧϧر뵽ԼҪڳȥһᡣʦǰֻɴŵӣ޲ھͽڸԡ
ԼĴ˽۵Ժ䣬۾Ȼæų˵ԣ㽲ֽԼۣҾãѧϰ֪ʶ㲻ԼĥĥһԼĽ
ԼĥЩͿ
ԣԼĥѾ˼ƻҸʾһƽѧǿ׽У̺ʮеĽѪܹԼĶͿԼ컯ˡ
һӿֳŨŨĸм֮⣬Ҳ˵ֱӾһӡ
ϣ
һ̣һͨͨĽѾȻʡΣҲԺ롣
ݡ
δʩչһ·˯˵ĽȻûԾޱȣԺ䣬һӴĽ
ܷпͿ컯ˡһһΣˮɱ
ʱ䣬ԺеĽóʵһĽۣҲ·һ㣬Ϣ
û뵽⽣Ȼ鶯Щǣʩչ鶯Ľɡ
ǰһĻо鶯ĽֻмЩʩչЩϣһʦϵĿֲΪҲÿһλ϶ܹʩչ鶯ĽȫҪԽ뽣
һʦΪδﵽĸ߽ߣͷųĽȴǴﵽ鶯ĳ̶ȣʵó𺳡
ȻԶԶ޷гȣȴŶصʣÿһУ̺ԣһ˿Ѱζζ
ԺݺӣƬշ·𶼱гƬԺ棬˽ǽ
ԣЩȫ޵ʦʩչģͷʮٵҪýڱ鶯ǶصζԲΪġ
Ƭ̺վڽ䴦עǰһеĳԣܿͷйؼһ㣬ЩȫһʩչġҪӽǶصζзΣҪٿԲһʦΪδﵽĸ߽߿ġ


28 ˵
ǣǰһĻȴûˮ֣Щȫһʩչȴһƿš
޵ʦԪȥƿЩһֽһֿžĽжʱȽལʦţδš
˼㣬ҲȫϸعĦǰⳡƴǧ
֮޹ɿԣÿһ֮䣬ȴǻһɶصζɢһ͸ա
ռеԪ
Եͫ׺Ȼһɾ֮ӿֳ⡭ռеԪǱɢǡǹص͸£˾ֹ
ռ侲ֹǿȻܹÿռ侲ֹƺʦ޷ɡ
ҹǵãУΨʦſÿռ뾲ֹʦΪǳԽеĳϣﵽ˿ֲ۷ʦ硣
ǧײվֹ
ԲŹÿһϸڲ֣ȻܽеĽ˶켣壬еĴȴ֪Ƚܴ󣬾ǰǧݺύĽȥƺֲȴ˿ûеǰ󡣾Ž۷߻ԵʦǿߣƾǿһԪƿس̶ȣȫӦ
Ƚһ֮ʹվֹԪʧ볽Ե齣Щֻͬ齣Ԫʧ֮󣬻ٶȷ
⽣ǿһλʩչŻصܡЩʩչģ
Ե˼άٴ˽ȥϸ¡
ʱŵ򽣣ҲͬǱƣɢĽ⣬˰ĸо֮䣬Ҫ򽣳ĸоÿһӶ֮䣬ǳϣвϵŽݺ촫
򽣵Ľ̳ȥʱ߶ĳֽ⣬رǽ̲صİԵϢʹƬռ뾲ֹޣеֹͣƾ˺һС

ʱ仺ţԼĪʱ֮ϵĳֱֹͣԺеĽҲֱޣʧ
ɢԺȴһ޷ɢĽ⡣
ɵĽ⣬ӲʹԺеԪѸƽ˿˿񱩵ĸо
ԣڿɶý𣿡𳤽򳽻ԣŵİϢѲһƽЦ⡣
ǳһǧС϶ɣڼӽܹԼؽѾԺԲˡ
ԣһ̾˵һΪҪ㣬û뵽㵹Լһ㡣һ˫ЬؽǷ͵·ϵ㣬ƿԼķ͵·ȷԼĿ꣬ûЬӣҲܹͬߵ̹̹
ȻǺҲ֪˼оԼؽʲôѾҪ
ǣһ㣬ɻ˱ʲôЩڴʵ
ɫƽƬ̺󷽲˵Ҳȷҵ뷨ǲȷģһ޵ʦԽԺһá
һϲæ㵫޷
л
΢΢ͷ齣ߵԺм䡣
ԺУ򽣸ղʩչĽϵݱţǧ·ԺľݺӣһɰԵ׵Ϣʱɢ
еϲɫʱΪŨŨ˷ܺͽš
⳽ĿԲҴڣܴҸղĶ콣ʦ˼ҺûͰɣҪ߹ǰһأ̤뽣
Ǻܿ죬ϵ˷֮ɫܿ
ڳԵϣǹɲŸոɢûõİ߽Ȼգۼɢȥ׵ɢգ·ûֹһ㡣
ⲻ׷ĽȻԸǿֻǴӽ֮ˡ׷ģǿǿ
ԺݱǧʱԱǴиһ˿İ߽·ܹ͸֮еһ㣬֮һֹȻȻ۳һɰ֮⣬ɢХŵĽУƺڴĳϢƿסɽͿԻǿ
Ȼɰ߽Ÿոճ֣Ծֹסְ߽Ļᡣ
Ȼ׷ĵܹٸǿҲãҵģվҵġʧȥᣬԲûо̫ϧ
̹Ȼ֮ÿһǿ̬߱߱
һԣЩϧҡҡͷϧˣ콣ȻԵЩҪҪȾ콣Ŀ顣ԵˣͲԸӴֽ
򽣶Խ̣һ۾Ϳ˳ǲȥӴֽⷽ棬Ҳ޷ǿ󳽻ԣֻϧҡͷ
ϣ
򽣵ע£ԺĳԺȻ齣ƽƽ̳һһƽƽ棬һ̳ԺƽĽ⣬ȴٶȻԾơ
⡭ڴԼĽ
ԺƺҪԾĽ⣬бһɲţ񿴵˹ƵĶųԡ
Դ൱ѣ⳽ڵԪΪȻǿʼԼĽ츳ֱǿž񰡡
Ȼͷһݣ⣬ʱ򳽻Կ϶ݲκ˴ţҵʱֵܻڵݻԺӣԺ߲ǼϹŶ桭
뵽򽣵ɫʱüΪѿһվԺм̽ĳԣæ߳Ժӣϣҵʶ㣬ȻҲֻܴɱˡ
ݣݣݣ
ʱ򣬳ԺȴһУȫĵͶ뵽ԼСĶϴδ齣һֻƽƽֻ̳һΣ齣̳֮󣬲ûһԪ
ȫһͨ
ΪɳһνĽ׷ĵҪ׷ǿνһ
Ե˼άһƬڴ̽ȥͬʱľ磬ҲݱĽһģݱĽΪ˵Ϊǿ
ʵһеԴ
ƿǿµ
ԵĿ⽥𣬶ǹɵĽ⣬ҲѸٱðԺ޾Ľ·ٴγ֣ݺӣԵ壬Ҳųǧд͸ȴδһ΢Ľۡ
ȻڵϡǽϵĽȴһۼ¡¡Ʒ켸Ҫճѣ
ǧټ١
ǧ١
ɫ޲ԼϵĶֻٶϣ΢ӿ֡

Ľû뵽ԵĽ츳Ȼ˿ֲûǸΪͽҸûǸʸ񰡡


29 򽣵ʵ
ʱվһ㣬ԺסԺķ۾𾪣ԵĽ츳ʵǰݺһ
һ꣬Բزڽϡʦ֪ýҵ˻һλţ¾Źҡ
սվڹ䴦Ŀֱǰо˸˸
Ҫ汣סԵ϶ʹ˽ҵĶУھͿҵΪ˳ԣɳĸˡ
˵Ǽһڽ˱չصĽҪ׶ΣڳŽ۷岢ͼһͻƵʦ磬ӱɱ˶֪ٺ٣ҲҪһ£ǲ̫ģʱ򳽻Ե츳ͱֳ˵ЩϹŶ¾Ժ˶ᱻ𶯡
Ѿ׼ҳ˽֮⣬ĴϣдϺͶʵǿѾﵽ˾ŽײΣϰ˽׺ڣĳϰ˽׳ڡ
֪޼λϣλ
һû¶ãһ󼱴ٵĽŲǴǰݵĶС
õͦ졣΢΢Ƴһ£ϵĳԾ̧Щ
ܿ죬ĵӰǳǰĵӰ治ԶŴԺӣȻֵġ
ǰĵӰΪϤǰڶ볽ԶֵƷ˶ˡ
ˣߣǰͷ׷Ŀϣ۾䣬˿ָ󣬿ȥ·Ҫ˷ȥһ㡣ûһ˿ϢɢĿ֮䣬ȴǴһɷϸУƷλ߽ߣҲ¶˿Ĳ֮ɫ
һߺԵҪЩԼʮӣ˵ĸоǺܾȻѸߣϣȴ·̲˱ըԵһ㡣
ˣκһƷ˶ˣҪµضࡣ
򽣣أ
򽣵ǰ״һͣǰ߶򽣣Į˵
ϽҰĳϽƱǺǣӹ󰡣ȻǶһˡȻô˵򽣵ȴǴżڽ֮⡣
λϼϼ֣λŽߣλ˽ߡλŽУʱ̶ҪһλŽ壬뿪벽ⷢ⣬ڽֱչأ֮䣬ȻҪһؽҡϵΪѾﵽ˰˽׺ڣ˿̲ҲпǱչŽߡ
ֻû뵽ؽҵˣΪԴһЩĶϣΪͻƾŽ߲εĴϡ
򽣣㳽С
Ұǰһһǿƶʱ籩򽣳ȥ
ʱվ򽣣һͽ׻нߣпܻᱻƸѪˣ΢صܻӰΪѴһ߽ͨߣܻѪѡ£һ˫չս߽ܱʵԴﲻ۷ʱڵİ˳ɡ
ҵˣȻǸĲϰ߰ϲЩĵֶΡȻӰ쵽߽ͨ˽ߵƣλ߽ǰȴ·һôûУ򽣵ƳһۺƷˣƷ壬ˣǶҪҵĹ𣿡
⻰Ʒ˶ɫǱһ£ͶѾʮӽʮٲͻƣ΢㣬Ǿ͸ͻˡԺ޷õ̫ԴԼ츳ָͻƲˡԣǲ뵽ύңΪǶң϶ŴԴ
ƷЦСưħ壬а쳣Ҳǰҵȥ׽ûƻԺء򽣣ͬԺʦȴάһưħˣһ˿Һ˵ʦ۵ףǾĺڣ
òȻαӣޡ򽣾Ȼͬһ£Ƕˡһӡ
㡭
ˣ򽣣Ҳٺϻھ㣬㵽׽˵䣬ҰüͷȻһ£ΪӦǰǸƺһӴĽš
ѵСĳֽ
뵽򽣳طҰиƶ򽣵ԺһҪĽҿ϶Ĺؼʱ̡
ȻǳʵЩҰҲϣǲ뿴ʵĳ档þŽ߶ˣóƤӵͻƣӶԣɲʲô°
򽣣ҪϷˣȻˣӦ˸е׼ɡһ޶ԵӣҰǿʼ߶ڵԪǲϵ۾Ҳ
׼ôһɡ
ϵ壬ԵЩƵ
˿˵ĸоȴǰԵޱߵĵز
ʲôΪһ߽ߡ˿վǰλҳϣĳϽƱ΢õ㣬ǰ˽׳ߣҰλϣȴõľŽߡ
߽ʵһŽߣȻֵܹ˿ѵƾ
Ұ۾ţû֣Ц򽣣ҳϣʮǰȷһ֮ӣδͻƵ߽ʱնɱ߽ߣͨ˽ߵʵͻ֮󣬸֮նɱ߽ޡٺ٣㾭δʮɳͷڻĶˡҪðΣӦ֪վŵĿҡ
˵𣿡
ţ
˵˾͸Ͻ֣˾͸ϽǽȥһĲͷ
ǡԼҰһĽƱǰȥҷ˳Ǹ֣ǵҪڣҪ
˵仰ҰǲϵȻһɱ򽣣Ʒڼ䣬ۻԪ죬дһ֮ޱȡ
ϣ
ڽҰֵͬʱ򽣵Ҳų˳ȥһͬɾ䣬ˮĳ֣âϱͺϵļȫһǿҵΣϢ
ݡ
ϵĳҲˮ̳ĽŽҰֱ
ߡ
ҰƷתԪ֮£ȻĽ𣬡ֶζóɣȻϰ˼С
ȻɵؽһҰвû̫ɣȻ߽ߣʮǰ濹˽ߵʵʮȥȻԪΪϲд˭õڽϵ裬ԱʮǰӿֲľҲ϶ȥ
򽣣¾ǾŽ߶òܶԿһɣ
ҲΪһ㣬ԽҰ֮󣬲ûеһʱ֣ϣܹ˼ɽҴӶѡ˳ȻҰ뷨գòѡλʵսŽ࿹һ߽ߡ


30 һ
Ǿ׳ˡ
ЦһٶȶȻɱҰʱѾٶȷӵ£ǽҰҲ첻˶١ԽҰλƾŽߣһģҲ˿֮ġ
ݡ
ٶչϵĳҲ̳˲մ̳ʮལÿһһѨĶһͨİ˽ߣȹ֮£㲻Ҳܵ൱ס
һĻҰ۾ʱǰͣ£һеΣϢҰûƬ̳ɣŽ߷ӵеİԪת۵˫֮ϣƲϻӳ

ÿһ£ҰнĽ֮һܵĹܿͱҰ⡣
ŵŵŵš
򽣱ҰӴԪ𵴵ѪҲһ飬ŽߣҪԿǷȱЩ򰡡
ԷԼƺҲòȥ
ҰɫΪֻȻûˣȴѾǷ죬һ΢Ļʹ򽣵˫۳ɱ⡣
ǺǣϣѲɶҶɱ⣿ٺ٣ڿɲºڷߣҲĴ˰ϣɱ𣿡ŽҰһɱȴǺںҲ˼ڽζ
δ˵ҰɱһԺɱԻһ޴ѣԺ߲ЩϹŶûǺ˵ġ
ߣܶɱ㣬ѵѵһٻôΪͿ赲ңҰЦһڵԪȻӿһɹɿ񱩵Ϣɢ
ͬʱһɿռ·Ҫ˺ѵĸоӿ򽣵۾ʱ
ҴǵĳֶΣ˺֡
û뵽ŸնûãԷͽ׹ʩչˣĵҪɱ԰
һ֮ϴһ΢֮ܣһĽʼӿرϣһɰԵĽ⡣
Կó˫֮䶼ˣŸոһ֣;ʩչǿĹֶ
ҪСˣΪ£ҸûҪԺ˺Ƥ־ͳѾɱˣۿžҪץˣΪһ򽣾ηηţԶ뱨ˡҰ۾ţȻϡ
ţϵƸңﵽ֮ʣԥ򽣳ȥ˫ƻӶ֮䣬ǿҵ˺Ϣռзһһ֮
򽣾һ˺֡
򽣴ЦһȻӳʱ䣬ٵʵʰĽڱһɰϢҲɢǵذŽҰѹȥϵĳƿ£˳ɱĽҰ
콣
͡
һƷ𣬲ڶ˹ײһʱµϢʱɽɢȥϵɳʯҳϯܷȥ
ǿҵ˺ϢĽвϲײȿֲļƣýҰԼ֮ڶӣֱۡ
ңе֮⣬Ҳ൱Ũҡ
Ϊײ֮£򽣾Ȼûʲô·硣
򽣵ʦ߽ôͻȻôˣ
ҴϾŽߵΪǿ˾֪ġ

ˣ
˵Ĺײһڿֲĳ֮½ǵȥǶˣվڽҰĽƱƷԼˣҲ̲סȥϲ˻ҳԵüΪǱǸûᣬǰĳ棬֮ӿֳһ𺳡
߽Ϊ򽣣Ȼǵֵס˽ҰλŽߵĹ
⡭ôܣ
ң⻹ڽҰʩչˡ˺֡¡
ҰĹͨľŽ׳ߣܹ׵ֵɡ
ҴϣǺǣˡ
һ˿Ѫɫ΢΢Щ԰ףǱͲƵ·ʱòһ鲼ϵڵϡʱ飬ȴԵÿޱȣһɾİϢɲдš
ҰϵҲ˿˿Ĳ԰ɫŵһѾȫΪҲ˰ˡ
Ľ򽣵ȷˣȴˡҰҲΪ˸˴ۣɫ԰ףϢЩңڸǷ·һںֱײһ㣬ȥֻԪർЩʵѾʱѹƣ˵ˡ
ˣ򽣴ʱȴǲӻɫע򽣣ȴڵڵƣͼ콫ѹ
ȻҲһ㣬δ˵ЩʲôҲʱʱֻҪٵ̫ࡣ
磬Ѿǿ֮ĩˣҪҪڴȥһԵĽƱ˵뽭ҰֵܣӦ֪ǰѾˣҲ֪ͬƣ֣˵ܹ򽣻ˡ
ҰһƣһҡͷãǾǸСֳɣ죬϶μӺ²⡣δܼ뵽ԺԺҿӦҵΧɱ
ǣ
һս˫ǺĬûټȥվ߿ʼơ
ǶڵȣǸԺе߳
˵Ŀ⣬ٵؾۼԺķ
һĽϵɢš
ݡ
ƽƽһκԣΨһһص㣬ڳ̳֮ٶϻᶸȻӿ졣
ԺѾǲ˽˵̫ܹڵϡǽһǳĺۼ
Ϊн
Ժ΢΢䶯һ£ƽõ˫ۣڱһ֮⡣
٣ǿ

δʹ˴ȴǼŴ̽Ķÿһ̳ն³һ仰΢Ļ
ԣȻһ֮״
нؽΪ޽Ϊ˵ţ˻Ȼڵ״̬һƬ
δȥעܱߵΣԺУԺһһΣȴеؼ¼š
˺һ
Ǵ˵е˺һ״̬
˵ܹ̤˺һ״̬ߣɾͶǲһ䣬ԻΪؼǿߡ
ˣ졣˺һ˾ˮ齻ڣô˺һǣǿˡ¶һĨʧ֮ɫν˺һͬ˫Ŀ˸עԺеһС
ǧע£ٶȷ·࣬һع켣Ժг֡
ǧԴһ޵ʦҲѾ˽һ״̬ȻҲܹƿסôĽĽǽҵĶҺθɣջ˼ٴνעǰǧԴһ÷롣ȻҲԸ̤뽣ֺڴ˾糤ڶԴһ˵ĻǱ򽣻ع鱾Դ֮ɡ


31 ս˽
飬ɱʧ
ƽƽ̳һٶȻȻﵽһ㡣ת齣ȻֱաԴˣϵ⣬ȫɢ
ݡ
Ȼڴ˿̣һȳŵ齣ȴǺȻһ΢ĿԽ֮ԴԴһֿ
һ֮شӿ˲串Ժ䣬еĽȫڡ
һĻ¶һĨο֮⣬齣Ȼûʧ
Ϊ֮ı˿еİħԪѵûЧã˭Ҳš
Ȼʱ齣չֳΪԵһ棬еԴɡ
һĽع鳲ѨγһУٵشųԵת롣
һܿ͸ܵһ˲͸ÿһ䡣

ε⽣ڴ󣬴Ѫ⡢硢Ƭ磬ԸоԼȫÿһϸ͸š
ĵԼеԪ
ȥ˵޷ƽеĽԼ壬ҲܻᱻΪһ⣬Ҫģ̇ͷһе齣
齣Ȼ֮վûʶ޷볽Ե˼ȫϡ
ɢʣգǹһһ򽣣ΪһһͽһɡڳԵľУȻǧĽݺڣһĽ⣬·͸ʱգԺ⽣뽣⣬һȫµʶ
ɢʣǷɢĽ
һ򽣣Ϊһ
ݡ
齣ڳԵĿ֮£֮ԵøӼԽ𣬶ɢ֮ʱǶһǣܵĽȫǣס齣ܱתͬС
ͣ
Ե񣬶Ȼ۵ĳȻɱ
ԺеĽ齣ǣ֮£һ͵նɱȥǺۼ̵ĵ棬һ׳ֶʱ֡
У·Ҳһ˿ѵ졣
ռֶϲ㣬Ԫֹͣ˲
Ժ䣬ٴλָ
ֻǹµĽ⣬ȴǾþɢȥ

齣ֱʣĿ⻷ܣвû̫𶯣񷽲̫ϵϵϢҲ֮ǰȫͬʱȥͺһͨˣŵ֮⣬ѾȻ޴档
һȷǿֲղһѹһԺ䶼ᱻֱӻٵڶԽ̶ȣڵʵʩչһ£¾ǰ˽ߣҲܹնɱɡŽ߲ԪΪǿΪǿһΣΪδﵽ߽֮ǰ޷ɱһŽߡ
ŵϵĹ֣ȴû̫ĲƺһԵöƽֻǣһôʩչҪʩչһұҪȫľһ״̬Ȼǣ齣۽ֻǣڵľԪΪԼǿȣҪƾԼǿʩչһʵ̫ǿһã»ֱӱҲŻ𡣡
ųȻеľȫΪŴʩչһĲ
ܵһһڽѾԼĶһˡھԪԼǵ棬һӾȡͻƵġкܿ˼·򣬶˵Ҫ壬ĵ·ǰһ󲽣ȴ֪ҪʵԪǻ
ȻԵĿһ򣬡ãҵΪ˸𣬿϶ܿҵ޵ʦ޵ʦΪڽȡýҲ϶᲻ƺסҵˡһг˸֣޵ʦ뼫Σյľ档
ңϣǱ̫޴
ɱ˸ֱԺȥ
ӳһֱڣѾͷԺ治ԶĹ㣬ԼҰҲǵһͷ
ʱǶѾϵƵãȴûټ֣ĬصԺеǸŴ򿪡
֨
ȴش˰ÿһ˵ĶС
˵Ŀ⣬ʱȫ䵽ǸԺ߳Ӱϡ
ϲû̫رϢҲûж˵ζȥʵ档
ԣʲôöˣһȻԸ˵ĸоͨû˿ԡȴоʱĳԾͺһڽеĹŽȥͨûлûжصζһʣֽ⣬Ǿ˶ס
֣Ϊ治ҳˡ
ҰͽƱ˿ųԵ񶼴һɺεɱ⣬Ϊܹɱԣǿǳ׵غ˺Ƥ˰
ǰȥƳһ۽ҰһˣͽĿ򽣣򽣵Ǳüͷʱһ޵ʦû°ɣ
򽣰˰֣˵£ٺ٣С൱
һлҪл޵ʦԹ˵
ҡͷֻʩչһ׽ܴٶ󻹶ÿԼǺǣ˵ˣǻȽǰѰɡ˿ɲôöԸģǽҵĴϺĳϣϽҰǾŽߣĳϽƱǰ˽׳ڡһԲŽҰڽƱ
Ըɡ
ֱӽӹҰصλ뽭ڶϽսǹƽսڵǰңǲ䣬Ҫɱұ𣿡
ߣһʲôʸսҽҼ̳ˣҽΪǸ࣬ҽҼ̳˶ǵشȴɱڹ˽ɡ
ҰɱΣһǰȥϵĿֲٶӿ򽣿ƣΪ򽣵ľѾ˱ΪĵȼڽŻΪſӡͲţԪΪĳԣܹѹ²ˣ
СġһʱѾǰû뵽ҰһкһԾ͵һʱֱӶ֣ʼδ
ܿ죬Է·ûܵҰͷųѹǰĲʱֹסˣϳ֮ɫ
ʲô
򽣣ҰƱԼƷ˶ˣ𾪡
ԲڵԪΪεֵסŽɢѹģҿȥԵ൱ɡ
⣬ƺ߽ͨ˽߶ɣ
ƥĶ򽣡Ѳ㲻򽣵£
΢Ƭ̣ǹǰһҰԽԿ϶Կˡ
Ұɭص򽣣ҾԺĵʦԶһ̣ңɾͱҲ


32 
ϻ򽣸ͲҪ̡ҲǸʵôЦţ۾˲мȻҰʵǿᣬȴŰտסҰԳԶ֡
ã˵ģƷˣҲˣ˺򽣣ҿɲеΡ
Ұ˵ԵĽƱģҲס򽣣ֽǸ飬㣬䡣
İɴ磬һǸֵȥڵġƱ촽۾ѪĹâ
򽣣ΪеʵܱסҽҪɱˣܹסġ
ҰһԪת͵سɱ򽣣ƷغХš
ҲȳȻ뽭Ұһ顣
飬򽣱סҿ˭ܻס㡣ڲԶ໥չ˹ĶˣƱʱųɭЦ۾˸Ų̵Ѫâ
ȴͬŽƱ۾ûκεη壬ȵս⣬ȷû˱ң룬㻹ûʸ񶯿˱
ôҵҪƾʲô˵⻰ƱԵĻ˵ջû뵽ͷˣԾȻ޼ɵ
һ԰˽ʱ޾ɫ˵ǳζⲻİʲô

ˣһ˵꣬ƱڵۻԪȫ汬ԼҲްɱ򳽻ԣȭͷ֮Ͽ񱩵Ԫƿ̶Ʒ졣
ƱٶȻȲϽƱҲԲκһλ߽߿ԱģڽƱո̤һûһӣξͳ˳Եǰһ״
ɣ
Ʊӹһ̵عâٶټһ֣ʱԺһȭȥ֮󣬳Դͬϰĳ

ֻǣŵʱ򣬳ԵӰȴǻȻˣǲһ׵ľ룬˲ͱס
ٶȣȻȫԽ˽ƱҴʱĳԣ൱⣬·ֻһĵ顣
ԶԺĵ۾ضߵսǵϳŨŨ˷֮ɫԺУżҲ߽ߣҪ߽ս൱ˡû뵽ʱѾֵĸ߽ߣλһλǴﵽ˾ŽߵĽҴϡ
û뵽Ժ޵ʦʵȻôǿǰһֱΪͱ߽ͨǿЩû뵽ŽԿ
֪ͳʲôϵΪ˳ԾȻҶҳ׵Сӣ˹ʺˡ
ϧˣԽˣ֮ܰ²⡣Ȼ֮ǰҵ˿϶뾡һа취Ĩɱ
ܲܰڶ⡭
Ʒ˶˶һۣȻԴʱٶ׶㿪˽ƱĹǵȴȻһϲɫֻҪƱͳԶˣ󳽻Կ϶Ѳ˰³
Ϊ߽ߵǣǳ˽ߵ̶ȡһ˽ߣȫ׻߽ߡ
ѹָҲҷԭǿٶȡ԰˽ߵĹһܹһֱȥ
ȻƷ˶˵ע£ƱȻЦһҲȥ׷ԣ۾΢΢ţڵԪ纣˰㷭ϵӿ֫ٺͬʱһɰʵľҲǻ
߽ߺͰ˽Ȼڸ߽ߵĲΣڸ߽ߵУÿһ֮Ĳ඼ͬࡣ߽Ȼǿ˽ȴһΪ˽Ѿƿ˾֪εǲ֮и߽֮ߣνǿʮֹ
ҲΪƷ˶ˣΪ䶨ˣûжܹڽƱϻκϣ
ȫôǺǣҪžƿҵƶλҽеԵ㹥°˽׵ľڰ˽ƿصΪ˵ĳȻ൱
һߣôپտٶѸݣҲ޷Կһ˽ߡϧû֪ϿȥΪŵģȴһžŽ۷߾ꡣ
䡭
Ʊ֪Щʲôͷų֮󣬱ֱסԵ壬ȭͷЯſ͵򳽻ԡ

һΣƱͬǶȫû˿ıʹþסӰ£ԸûлѿȥһȭȥܼʱܿҲٻЩˡһˣĹ

ȻýƱ벻ȴǣŸƶãԾͺһʱͲһ˿һᣬһ׶㿪˽Ʊĵڶι
ţôܣƱӿһĨ𺳣ܿҡͷ񶨣һòŶ㿪ģߣôܻҵľ
˽ߵľԣҪȫһ߽߻еѶȣҪƿһλߵƶԲһѶȡ
ϾԺ֮ΪĲʵ̫ˣ׵Ĳ࣬м仹һнͻƵ߽׵Ĵ󿲡ҳͲֻвʮѡʮľжǿ
ǵУõһ¼ʮǰ򽣣ԶʮͻƳΪһ߽ߡΪ츳ǿʮʱԪΪ޷Ҳ϶о޴ԽҰںսڼ䣬δʹþ
䡭
볽ǿ㿪Ĺ󣬽ƱٶȶԳԷȻԽԽľȴǣоԼס˳Եƶǳƶ
ÿһŸնԵĽŲͶѸװٶȵһʱ׶ܿȫεȫƱ͸оǴ˿Ужʱһɱĸо
һ̣Ʊ֪ǽҼ̳˽Ϊʲôڳˡ
ǰƷȻ˵˽ڳԵϣûϸԵʵôƱԳԸû˿˽⣬ˣôһС
û뵽ԵٶȾȻ쵽ȵزǸҳϵӣǳð˽ֶ߳ԸһߣȻ˼ҵ½Ƕû
ҵˣһǱ˲һˡ֪Ҽ֪
˵ҼѾвʱû¶ˣνλɱû棬ڱչҵĽҪͷ˵ֻҪԶȹǰһأӦòٳ̫Σˡ
ͨ˺²⣬ΪԺһӺ󣬽ҾԲĿŵ֡
û뵽ǰ첻ŲĽ׵ķۿžҪԺΪ˼벻ɭ֣Ӷһɳ졣
ɭ֣ҲȥңΪﵽ˸߽ߣȻҲȥʵǿҴ󲿷ϲȺӣһޣûи߽ߵʵΣԻ൱󰡡


33 Ԫ
Զĵٴοһǵȴһ˿ľ⣬־ȻǺԣȴʵʵسǵ
սʤնɱ¶ʵ൱ԣʹò˶Ļʡ˿̳ȴܹһ˽ߵȫ֮¶ֲܣʵȻҲĪ
һϮ̬ʱʹǵӿŲ˿ʼϣԣܹǰڶһնɱնɱƱ
Ȼֻе
뽭ƱȫͲһȴεˡһ۷壬һ˽ף֮Ĳ಻Եơ
Ҳòϣӵʸ񡣵룬ҲڴˡҾʶһ°˽ʵжǿƱϲ֮ɫȥ൱ؿɲ
͡

һ̣ϺȻӿֳһɷ֮֮䣬һƬشԪ·Ҫ˽ȥɢһ൱ΣյϢ
ԪľȻƵʹһˣԶ뽺սĽҰƤ̲סȻһֱںսƱͳ֮սȴǿ
ƱʩչһУҰ쳣ȴް취
кް취֮£Ұ̲ס򽣵սȦƱԣǰסƱֹͣת䵭ע򽣵򽣣֮ĽսûҪȥˡʼҪҽҵ˲ܰԣľϣ㲻ҪԣȻĻϷƴźľһ˿Ԫ뾫ҪǿնɱǸ顣
ͷҪˣʲôͷ
ҲͣϵĹЦŶŽҰУȴЩǣҰδ˵ǳںɣԽ־ֵܶնɱζĳְ³Ի󽭼ҿ϶ѰҸֻնɱԡȻĻǽһкǴȥ
ο־˱ɱҺˣƿ϶Ҳּ䶯һãڲõĽǽܻ˳ǵϲ㣬Ϊһͨͨļ塣
Ұصʵ൱ڣҾͲٳֶԸԡҲǳʲôɣȻɱҽҵļ̳ˣҽҼٺ󱲶ϲ㣬̳˶ûһҪΪҽҵı
˵ţֽĿ򳽻ԣҵľܼ򵥣ҽĳϹУ߹ʮУҽҽ㲻Ѱ鷳Ȼ˵Ĺսٶȶܡ𲻴Ӧ
ͷҿԴǱ¿˰ɣԲΪƱǰ˽ߣ˼óԸƱ潻֣ʮУ˵óڡҪýƱҽ֣ܴ߳ʮУ㽭볽֮򽣲ٲָ֣ҲҴӦߣԻشֱӿھܾ
򽣣ڱϷϷͲƴ֮£ֹɱҰɱٴα¶˳
򽣲мƲƲ죬Ϊƴ
ã򽣣ҵġ
䣬ҰڵԪͷתͬӿȡһΣ¶ƴһս첻ܰѳնɱǽҽǣûκˡ
ܹΪʷĸ߽ߣ϶˵ҲƴһսսԲҰ¶١ҰƴҲҪɱԣǳͬΣޱȡ
һ񵽲ƺľŽߣս֮ѰľŽ۷ߣҲѷɫ˶ˡ
Σ򽣽쵹ҪһҴȫ֮µķɡһЦϵĳٶ̧𣬾Ҫ߶Ԫܱ߽
ϣҲûҪһˡ
޵ʦҸ԰ɡ˽ߣǺǣҲڴúءȻڶ˽ţҪ֮ʣƮƮͻȻ
˵Ŀʱۼ˳ԵϣȻԵɫȴޱƽû˿ĲԡǰһֱŽҰһƽĿǵңǵĶ壬Ҳǹӵܣݺ޿ɱ֮ǽҪԸңûҪʲô첻޵ʦڣ˵ǶϡԴҲеŭΪҹֲκˣҪֻܹԼûʵҪҸûʸ粵
£һ˵ôǽȻûг̫ˣһλŽߣһλ˽ߣƺҲǲĻɣԲؽ齣ӽʵг΢Ħһͬ𣺡ûϵΪ˫ݵתҲһôԣ飬ҴӦˡ
Ӧԣ췢飬Ҫհ
˽ߣչٶƣҵλϸ˺Ȼһλʵǿǵ޵ʦҲǳصġ
ͨ²⣬ټԺԼ츳չֵ쾡£ʱٽ輸ӸңҲԲҶһëɣ
˵ʲôˣҲ֪ôģȻӦ˽ҳϵ飬׵ʵΪҵλϣǿǿİ˽ߡ
ԺĵǶʼ̾ϢǿǺͽƱһսԻܿ³
ɫҲ΢΢һ£ûϵԾȻῪͷӦҰ飬Ҫ֪ҰȫǹġȻʵף뽭Ʊλ˽ս³ûʲô
˽̫ǿˣǿѾǾԪۺϣѾþԿٶȶпܿԶ࿪ƱĹһ˫սڽƱʹþ£Լûһ˿ʤĿܡ

̾һȻڳϲδܵϢĿеƽ֮ɫԼὣֵĮȴˣԶڽǷҪͽƱһսѾ˾
ȻСġ˵仰ҰͽƱˣҿԴӦһҪǾǽƱʩչʮ֮󣬲ٳʮһСһ˵ʮһУô򽣱ض֡
ǺǣģеʮһеġҰЦһͽƱ˵жŲ̵Ц⡣
ģʹҳ˽°ɡ
ǣ硣
Ʊ촽ϵϢٴηڣ͵ԪɢݶͬʱһɹɾҲϵǰĳѹȥ
ֻǣȻǵֳֽɫû˿ı仯
ߣҵҪϻ߹УʮУоͽ㡣
ƱŭһŲ͵һŵ棬ʱͬڵ㵯ȭͷ˸ſ񱩵Ϣغ򳽻ԡ
ͬʱһֻ֣ҲſƣԪֱӻһͼЯһɹɱ˳һλ
ʱ򣬳ǲ˶ֻǳֻ˺ˣе·ȻѾ˵˲˶


34 նֱ
һ̣˵Ŀⶼۼ˳ԵϣǶס©κһϸ΢ڡǵҪܷڽƱλ˽ߵȫ֮£漣
˵ע֮£ԭԵƽ壬Ȼ䱬һɳĽ⣬˽ߵѹûһ˿һѹЧ
ԵɲǼôޱȡ
齣
һ˲䣬Ǿڳе齣ǰ㺷Ȼ̳ޱȵĽҲԽεļʸżƷǰĽƱ
ʲô
ƱɫһгŨŨľ֮ɫ񿴵˹Ƶġǵһʱ䷴Ӧ˹æı乥תֵʩչ齣
͡
ȻȻʱӦ˹ȻֻǵֵסһһҼ֮ϣһϸĽۡ
ѪʱһɻʹݳƱ֮ϣҲӿֳŨŨľ㵣⾪㵱תΪŭ
Ȼˣȫ֮£ƱȻһߵĹˡǷӦѸ٣ܵˣԲôɣ
ݡ
棬ƶһɱܿ˽Ʊһ󣬲ȽƱչϵ齣ѾŽƱʺɱȥ
˶ȥ
״Ʊŭɶеŭ𳹵ױԪӿ˼ƣ͵һһĻѸγɡͬʱһϢҲǴɢ
ȻЩŵȻĶ˸СİѻԪʩչ˳սҲý˰
Ұվһۿ֮ǰƱˣ΢һû֣ƺһ㶼ĽƱڳϡ
򽣣Ҳû˿飬ڵԪȴʱǣţ·ʱᱬʱ˫ۣضųԣһĨŨŨ֮ɫ
ϴʩչ׽Ųһʱû뵽Զ⽣ãø˰ո׽˿ȴһۿе£ز˳ʩչ׽ûʲôһǳɣɣһʩչ
֪εֵƱǼһĹơ򽣵۾ڴ֮ɫ

ոγɣƱͬʱĳԪʱͬ˰ϯ뵽ǻСں˴ԪøΪʵòҲ˳
һȥ൱ĻֱݺύϢǴӽɢ·̺ĳֲ֪
ʱƱɫѾЩףΪʩչһУеԪע˽ȥ
֮ǰѾڻɱԡտʼΪͬʱʩչоɱԣȴû뵽ûɱ߸ԼʩչУʮڻɱԣƱҲûȥˡ
ƱɫȻ԰ף˫ȴһƬ죬Сӣ˵ɱ㣬;ԲٳСûɱ㣬ǾˣҽҲ鷳
Ԫɢܵɫ΢΢Ϊ֮һ䡣
ȹȣκһλ߽µ߿Գܵ˵İֵ߽һУпܻ˻
ԲߣһУǲȥԿ³һ
Ի
һɫû˿ȻԵ൱ƽ˫ĿضźԼĻԪԺǰľٰؼŻԪйĸ㡣
ݣ
󣬳ԵϣǸֳһĨĻȣ齣Ȼմ̳һܵĽգۼ̳߽
ˣ
ԾȻ֣㣬һ֮⣬˶ҡҡͷ۾Щʧ֮ɫ
ԣջҪڽء
ˡ
˵ע֮£齣Ԫһ
ûע⵽һ˲䣬ԺоľһַٶתԪͼȫԺݺύ
ھת֮£߸ܿͱע
齣̳߽ÿһ߸һÿһεʱԪ̺Ŀֲǻһ߽֡߸㣬̺˿ֲĻԪ󹥻ʽȻǻһɾҵܸɢȥ˵ͷ½ǣ
ԵɫǵĮޱȣƽû˿û֪ʲô
۽ƱʱѾȫ𾪸⣬۾ɫЩӦ
ǿʽȻôˣ
߽߶ɱǿ
ٿԣƺûܵһ˿ưɡ
⡭ô£
ԶǰۿĵѾ֮վܣǰһĻ۾ﶼžãȻ֮ɫ
ֻǣеľãȻûȥǽʹ𰸡
ǣƷ˶ˣûȻ
Ψ뽭Ұﵽ˾ŽײεߣƾžŽǶصľӦǲŸܵôһľĲ
򽣻ǽҰʱǶ˵϶˲š
߾Ͷתȥ˵Ĺ󻹼˾׼ôܣҰһ󣬱ҡҡͷֶΣǾŽ۷߲еģλŽߣ޷
ѵվǰģʲôߣǾŽ۷ߣ
ʮ겻ľŽ۷ߣ⣬ǴҲš
Ұǳ׵ɱǼٵģܹӴȴģȿֲ츳֪ܳɳʲôزһɳϻл·ô
ͷȻʮδҿƱƥҲѾûٴȥˡôҿӣƺԶ֣ڽҰɱӿһԵ򽣱ǸӦˣ㵭Цעǰߡ
ֻȴޱȵ𶯡
չֳ츳ǱԺЩͷ֪ˣ϶֮Ȼ󲨡
չֳĽ츳ѾԺĸ߲ˣû뵽ھȻչֳԾ츳Ȼչֵò쾡£Ҳֻԣ˭ܱ֤ⲻűɽһǣ
ǾŽ۷ߣ
˵Ҳվǰλʮ꣬һŽ۷ߡ
֮ǰԴʩչ콣ʱչֳԣ򽣻ûֱӽǸų
ţĸ츳ᱻ
ţôԼ汻һˣ򽣾Լ֪ʲôԭԼˡ
ˣºϵ壬ҲǸŻԴ˱Լǿ̬


35 պ
򽣣ڵġ״Ұɫ˵
Цһ󲻺ڣɲ˵㡣㽭Ұ֪ǷԼûй̺ܽúأ
㡭ҰһҲ֪ûնɱˣ±ǶŲԶĽƱʵغȵģ߰ɡ
Ʊͬǳ˲֮⣬Լڵ״̬û˼ֵʵ
ǣҲתҪŽҰȥ
ȻѾֱԣܷɲ˵ġ
ȻڽƱոתһɱȴǶȻ
һ̣һɱȻɱգۼ˾ֻвһ׵ĵط
͵Ϯˣ
ƱӦʱ޷̫ķӦæڻԪȫۼ֮ϡȭźֱӺȥ
һУѾʹˡ
ۣ
ɭһЦ齣Ƕһ䣬һĻȣն˽Ʊұ֮ϣȺѪʱƮɶһֱۣҲźȴء

ҵʹʹýƱʹһǵһʱϵϲŨŨķߺʹԼһ˿˿ĺ¡
ԸܵõղԼӦʱ¸ղŵڵصģͲһֱۣԴˡ
㾹˴
ҰͬǱһĻסһ޷ƵŭǴڱŷŵģۻԪ
һ˲䣬ѾȻһɿֲ˺Ϣʱȫڡ
򽣷Ӧ֮ʱҰ볽Եľ룬Ѿֻʣ²ףȡ
ʯ֮䣬ٴα䶯ڿϽƱһֱۺԼҲ˼ΣյС
Σգ˵Ǿ
ס֣
ŭһٳɱȥ籼ڡ
ֻǣʱٳ־
ЩŸոΪ˿ĵӣһҲǽЩӵУ¶˾֮ɫŽ߷ŭ֮µȫ˺֣ǽҰǿʽ
£Ļһ˿Ļ᣿
ɱң㻹ûʸ񣡡
Ȼȴ·֪ԼУ˸ŷ֮ɫ
ʱʦʦǵʦǿߣҪ䣬οеǷݸ߰ȴԶ˵ġ
һССĽңмŽߣͷ·ƿԵȨȻ֪ԼʵãԾãԼûҪȥ
Žǿûһ˿͡
ɲǼ䣬ϵԪԼӻԾ״̬Ҳ̼۷壬һĽ⣬ϱŷ
һΪĽ⣬˿̣ǱֵĿռ䣬е·ܵĳǣʼ
ֲôĽ⣬СǾ
׵ĽҰܿ͸ܵ˳ϵĲͬѰֲ̺Ȼδ֪ΪΣȴýҰļµĸо
رǵԵϳ˾ĲеɱʱԣڵԪǴע˫֮ϡǰռ䶼·˺ѿ̶졣
ʱѾ¶ģضҪһĨɱԡڳԵϣѾᵽŨҵΣϢһɱԣ򽣵Ͳһ˿һĻᡣԵ츳ٹЩʱգǽҾ㳲޷ɱˡ
Լһ˺֣ҰҲǻž޴ģһпͨ˽߽ˣɡʵȻٶȸֱƾŽߣҪһ֮»ʵ
һ
ȻڽҰΪϾͿնɱ֮ʱڳԵϣȻӿһЩߣ档ⲢʵĽڽǣ£Ԫ뾫϶ɡе֮⣬ȴûв֮ͬ

һγɣ齣֮ϣһɵӿϵĽǷӿ齣СһӿģųۻԪ뾫
ݡ
ľʹԲٵȴȥ齣ֱӶǰĽҰն¡

ɾҵһһװʱϣһֱ׵ĿݶʱγɣһʮĹ֡
ŵŵŵš
ҰŲϵ·Ѿ飬ųԵϳŨŨ֮ɫ
뷽һ̣Լ·ǧ굱УǸоͺʱᱻģ֮ءַâôܻᱻһ׵ƿأ
򽣵ϣָܲо
ҰָоԼոʩչĲǿ˺֣Լпܻһˣֱӱնɱ
˻
һĻˣ˶ݵľ·ܿǾͷӦһǵһ
ԣǵֵס˽Ұǿһǽֵ֮䣬Ұˣ
ߵĳԣ˾ŽߵĽҰ
⡭
˶ǰһĻ
֮ǰ˸ǳԿԻ˽ҰԻᱻǸɰ׳񾭲˿̣һĻȴʵʵطˡ
ͷ㾹ȻҳԳԳ֡ʲộԺ㽭û꣡
һߣȻͬϲڸغģǳԵƣĿת򳽻ԣʵԣоô
Ȼ˽ҰʱԵɫѾǲ԰ޱȣ㣬Ѫ·Ⱦ졣
ҪʩչһԱҪľһ״̬Ȼǣ齣۽ֻԳ״̬Ҫʩչһܱ֮岻ˣһܵ顣
ڣڸղһ̣״̬۷壬ȻˣǶôء
΢΢ҡҡͷԵ޵ʦģֻĹ󣬶ҸղΪʩչһ׽̫ĸţϢӦûˡ
Ǿͺã򽣵ͷŽҰҰԺӭǽҵˣ뿪Ժ⣬﷢飬һʵԺˣŽԺζԴǽңԺ˺ܿͻ¾
ߣСӣ㾹ȻҶҽҵĳ˺֣ҽǲŹġҰҲ֪ʱѾûٶԳԳ֣˵򽣣ǳǿֲٶȣ˺ߡ
ңҲ˲ʱ䣬ѾĵʦԺĳϹŶУһԺϹŶˣҰɾ͵ùˡ
ˣ仰֮󣬱Ǵűնһֱ۵ĽƱҪȥ
վס
ȻʱԵͻȻ


36 Ԫ
Ұ۶ųԣʵ㻹ʲô飿
һ´ǣؽ齣뽣ʣ̧Ŀ⣬ֱӽҰֻ㣬ҳԺܿͻȥǽңԱպ
ҳԺܿͻȥǽңԱպ
ԵȴʹýҰƤݺݵһ£ʱ벻һеضɱԣΪ֪һóԳɳˣΪҵѡֻͲҶ֣һ֣򽣾ǵһסڼԺϹŶˣôΣա
áϷڸɨԴһ仰ҰͣŽƱֱȥ
ǶȻȥˣΧܵĵǣȴûһ뿪еˣһ־ĿųԣǵĿ⵱УһֻпǿʱŻӵеľη
Խ֣ȫǸ
ǽԺŮһлߣڶһɱ۷ΪĽƷλʦԴϡħ塱ñӣֶչȴǱԸˡ
ڸղţԸȺ뽭λ϶֣һնŰ˽ԪΪĳϵһֱۣ֮һžŽԪΪĽҴϡҪ֪ҵλϣɶȫġرǽҴϣһ˺֣ȫնɱκһͨİ˽ߡȻ£ûɱԣԸˡ
ԣʮ겻ߡ
ڵʵ濹˽߶ȡʤն϶Էһֱۣ濹Ž߶ֲܣһ֮»˶Է
սǣǰ޹˺ߣԵĿǰ
˶ţԡ֣ԻһּΪֲٶȣǵĴСܱߵĳжᴫȥ
Ʒ壬ˣҽҲǶ˼ƽϣʱԺϲǡؿ˶һۣƿĿ⣬ųԵƲᣬȵҵԺȥһɡ
ã
˵Ŀ⣬ֱתԺ䴦ȥ
ô죿ŶȥıӰɫ˵
Ǳύңȴûϵתۼ䣬ľͱ׵߸˹ΪҪٵϾ⣬㲻ҲһƤⲻ츳ĳԣԺ
Ϊôһ꣬Ժϲ㣬ʮа˾Ż档ԺĺȻǽҵùˡ
Ʒһô죬ߵһΪ黹ŹǲɣҪģ취νŸϵ뿴ûţԺϲ㻹ȥԸ𣿶ô˵ҲԺĵʦһЩҲԲڻܵصĳͷ
˵Ǻǣа취ϵӦ֪ڵʵֶĶ֡
˭˵ǳȥԸˣƷĿһ򣬡ɱˣԺԺԺһӢԺءӢԺЩˣɸ߽ϵΪͬ׵УƺûǵĶְɡ
ӢԺҶˣýı繨ȥԸ˼˵
Ʒ˵ͷΪѾﵽ߽۷壬֪ڱչس˽׵ľ硣⣬ھӢԺҲύ˲ٵѣǵΪɸ٣Ž׵߶С룬һǶˣԿɻлĻ᣿
Ǻͳԩ޳ģΪǻ𣿶ңƺҲûгֵĻɣɻص
Ʒ᣿ѵ²֮󣬾ͻϽµԳֳʵԺܹסô󣬻ҪӢԺ˳֡ԺÿһεھޱȣµʵãҲ̫ȥǽԲͬʵԼǹھĽԻȥھһȥھƱػ;ӢԺǼ棬ʱ벻Ҳˡ

һԹӵķ䣬ڳ򵥣мһŰľʣԱƾɵľڴϣ˲ϯ֮⣬ֻʣһ̺ӡ
ֻƳһۣδ̫ϡ
ԣ죬סɡ㾡ƵãȻӰ쵽²µͬƳһ۷䣬Ȼֱ˵
Եɫɲ԰ףͷл޵ʦҵƱضָ
ţúϢҲˣʱ䣬ٺúýһղʩչ׽ڶûǿƺͨһôܻᱬôǿĹ˵ţﾫǳˣϾԵԺȥʾһ顣
Ըмص֮ʩչ׽Ҫǿ޵ʦָ㡣ƻָض޵ʦʾ顣
ǺǣǵʦʦؽУ㲻Ժͳƺҡ޴硯ɡ򽣰˰˵
΢΢һЦ޴硣
ŶϵܣúҳȥŪЩƷ˵ţ߳˷š
ȥһ˿мǳںԭ򽣲ϧﳹ׵ｭңϧԼˣҪסҰסݶ飬Ҫ¡
ңҳԺܿͻȥġݣҳԻȥġ
Ե۾У齣ϥ¡
ҪǾ棬ǰʩչһʱ״̬ѾãԪƿصԱȽ壬ȴһֱʹʩչһܲ˸ֱˡ
ˣҪָѶȲֻʱ⡣壬ҲʱúôĥһˣȻĻʩչιһҪٵ
ţԱ۾ǻͷָڵԪ֣ļսеԪѾҪͻƵ׺ڵơ
ڼ䣬һˣҴ˲ٵҩ벹ƷҲ飬ֱӷһ֣ʱЩƻָ𵽾޴á
ʱһֱڷ塣
ʱҲ²ӣϥڴϵĳԣ˫ۣ޴˵йھĽƷƺǾԪҵõ˾ԪʣһŲԪͻƳΪ߽ߣָտɴˡ
͵ĳ£ӳԺĸԺȥԵó
Ķ㳡ϣʱѾΪһҲǧ򡣸ӵҲǸ㳡
׸ߵĶǴ룬ֻʱڶܣѾǰڷһŵľݡͬʱڶ룬һŵΡ
ǰһһ׶ߵˮˮˮɫˮ棬žŸԵĺɫָߡԺ²õĲԪǣֻߵĲΣ߽棬תԪˮǻâΪΪٽߣˮͻٽ⡣


37 
ʱ·ȻС˲٣˵ĿⶼһԺʦŶһ϶¡
ʱ̨µĵҲǳ׵ذԺĵʦǿɲҸԷ²õӡ
׵ʦôûλϣһȥΪϵߵʦͻȻһΪĵʦʵ
ܹаʦȴֻاһԺʦλԺʦ
رʻףԺһؼʦΪﵽ˿ֲľŽף뽭ҴϴͬһΡ
ǰ׵ʦɱ᲻ðѳԸˣȻţǵȻҪһ˵ǲеİԱߵԺʦҲЦ˵ǵҪѡӡ
ȻܹͼԺʦͬһϯاмޱȣȴɴЩĹĸҰҽȥ£ں޵ʦأ޵ʦ˵ڵѾԻָˣϾͻϵ
СްȻԺҪʧôһλŵˡЩµ˵ͬʱɫҲû뵽ҵ˾Ȼ˷ߣΪǽһԺͲô˵ڻʦǿߣͻƵʦԺҲҰĵط
ȻԺֻһλʦǿߣΪԺؼʦȴԺڰǱλʦǿߣҲ˵ԺԺڣԺܹλʦǿߡ
ȻҲǱһλʦǿߣԺĵ̣ȴǳԱȽϵġ
˵ǵУԺǵ֮ĵһ
󣬳ǸˣȻڵΪնϽƱֱۣǻ˽ҰҶǲΪˡ˵ԵʵһԺʦЩš
ҲֲΪеˣ˵˳Ես֮󣬸ûһŵģ֮Ժȷʵԡ
նϽƱֱۣ˽Ұսģʲô졣
ܹԺɳԺĸ룬ֻҪԺҲ϶˵ˣԺûҪƷ࣬˸ԺǸˣȻĻϷֽѵѵǡ
ʦѾԺҲǣҪȥ˵ĳȥֻǵɭɱΪˡһԺʦЦ˵
׵˵ͷҲټ˵⡣Ŀһһ򣬡ˡ
ʦĿȥǼһӰһŶ
ǳԡ
ҿ쿴ǳˣ˵˺أû뵽ôͻָˣȻһһŰ
ʮ꣬ƾڵΪܹһ˽ߣս˲š
ǲ֪ǰΪʲôΣ˵ǰں¥ʱΪҲ۷尡ڻû죬ʹﵽײΡٶȥͻƳΪֻ߽Ứʱأ
ٺ٣Ҳ֪ڵʵѾԻܰ˽ߣһͻƳΪ߽ߣ¾Ž߶ܻĶ˰ɣǸʱ򣬽ҿ϶Ҫùˡ
ǽҰǸ˼ŮˣӦӶ˰ɣ
ǺǣŮҲֵˣΪ˵ǣ͸ԳΪŬ
ۼԳ֣ʱ˵Ŀȫ䵽ϡǰֳսԺѾ˲֪˲ƽʱ²⶷ܻۼôˣǧ˰ٸȴʮ
Щ֮ԸҪһóλΪһһŵķɡ
ԣ㵽Ǹطȥɣ㵽̨ڵȥԺ̸Щ飬Ͳˡ򽣿һΧעĵӣĳԵļ
Եͷ޴㡣
šŶϵ׵ͷ˸кһȥ
ڶ·һطʮϯضǵϣһ˿˿Ľţ˷ܡڼ²˷ܡ
ߵȺ˺󷽣Ҳϥ¡
Щĳ羴Ŀ⣬ȴûʲô
籾ˣǿ߻ᱻ˾ηǣʲôʱҪһŵȻ֮ġ׷ģǱ˵ľηǵıǿ
ϵ׿£ٿ˿ɫһվߵˮλ밲ÿһȵΪԼʼֵĵӣ϶ԪԡΪﵽĽߣͲʮ˵ģֱӽԺС
Ԫ̫
һִ׿̨ϥڵϵһӱֱվ϶ЩţǽסˮתڵԪ
䡭
ʱһǴˮڶֱɫָߣĽҲһ΢⡣
Ľ׳ߣͨ²⣬ϲ㣬ԺԺӡȥɡ׵˵ͷ
ǣ
Ԫ̫ĵ˷ܺͼ¶һûܹԺԺĿе׷Ժӣǿݵ
¶֮Ԫ̫δȥԭϥ£ֹҪӵ²⣬ҪȴеӲԽ󣬾Ҫʼµ
¬
׵ĵٴ
²ٵؽţһڵ㵽ֺ󣬶ǿ϶Ԫԡڼ䣬ΪʧδܽеԪתˮֻ⣬еȫɹΪԺӡ
ǼȻμ²⣬϶ΪѾﵽĽ׵ĲΣԣÿһε²⣬ͨʴھųɡ
ԡ
ǰʮһһ̨Ժ󣬳Եڱ˳£˵ĿⶼǾۼ˳Եϡ
Ȼ֪˳ԵΪһ̣ԻǳΪ˽
վֱ϶Ƕ׵ͷʾһ£סˮʼתڵ
䡭
ܿ죬ˮɫˮǷɴһؽص⣬ֱ𷽲ͣ¡
ֻǣ˿صɫǵĿ̲ס
ͻˣԾȻͻˣû뵽Źȥ죬ԵΪٴһˡ֮ǰƺ˰ɣ
ֱŰʱˣû뵽Ҳͻơ֪ôġ
ָ߽һˡҵùӣҲһˡ
̨µĵӶǴĽ֮⣬ΨһЩԺĵӣ۾żʵɫʡ
ԺͬԺԺԺָ࣬ٶԽ죬ʵԽǿĵӣܵĸԽ࣬侺Բνǲ


38 񶷿ռ
׺ߣͨԣϲ㣬ԺӡҲһ˿ϲɫ
лл
ԻӦһת¶
ʱڼ䣬Ҳ˵ڵԪҹٶͻƣΪﵽ׺ڣٽһֱͻƵߡ
֪µĹھǽƻıˡ
Ԫһ̺ӴԪĵҩ߷õĻܹΪһȽףʺõûࡣ
Ԫڱصá˾ԪͻƵ߽ߣָտɴ
⣬򽣽һ飬гǽɺˣ˵벻ջԾĿǰԣԻǾȽ˼
ϥº󣬳ΧЩɫʸĿ⣬Ŷס
׵֮ɫΪԽ죬Խ츳Ժ˵һ
Ժλ֮ѾгδٵһʦĵءһԺǵгڵǿ߳ԺԼеĵλһǧɣԺķչ൱ǰĳԣȻϣ
һϵЦ⣬²ʮӹʮӳɹͨ²⣬ΪԺӣڴҹϲǣҲϣܸŬȡͻƳΪ߽ߣ뾫ӢԺҲޱȵ˷ţϾԺԺӵĿڣҸǣԺֹǲĵطԺǵĿ꣬ǽԺ֮ǾҪʼ㣬ǵĿ꣬ǾӢԺΨн뾫ӢԺǵļֵǿɶҵĻˣ
ˣ
ڵʮ½ӣǴӦ
ȼ趨൱ϸǿֵ֮ĸÿһ˵УΪߵǶ൱ΨгΪǿߣܵõ˵뾴ηԺӢԺеĿеĿ꣬ӾӢԺ߳ĵӣһɾͲǳΪһǿ
޴˵ӢԺһЩȽϺõٶȣߵǣȻ齣ûҪٿǱٶȵǣǼ贸һ
ȻŸոͨ²ΪԺӣԵĿȴǾӢԺѼƻãùھõĽƷԼһŲԪΪ߽ףԺӶǡ
ľΪŽ۷壬ԪΪܹʵ˵ۺԵʩչһҲٳܲסǲϵĽ
׼˵֪²½ӱҪʼµ򲻱䣬ʮ½ϸͨ²ʮԺϵӣԼʮϵӽжսս񶷿ռ䡣ܹǰʮĵӣϣԺص༶Ϊص󡣶ܹǰģԽص࣬ÿܻԺʦָһεĻᡣڹھܹöʮöϵƣźǰһĽһĽԪ

ȻÿһھƷ䣬һΣԪֺ˵϶ֳ֮ɫ
ܹþԪǵʵٿһȽװ츳΢õ㣬Ƚ׶⡣
һڱ˾޴ջ߽߶õ
ֻЩµȴ֪Ȼп϶ھҪöʮöƣǲܵ顣
ʱԺϵжһöƣνҪµӻϵӣϻơȻʮϵʮֻǱȽԺһ£˶֪һµʱ䣬֮Ĳ࣬󵽷˼ĵزԺź츳΢õģһͻƣΪĽڣĽ׺ڡ
ңʮϵӽԺѾһ£֮УһЩ׵ĸִڡ
˿˵ϵµһһսµӼûκӮļʡֻǾøϵӵƣӶǰһЩ
ңµӽһ˶ʮöƣҪͨһϣܹΪھ
ǵϣȴӢԺӰš
˵ԴӵһΨһڻöʮöƺ󣬽ͨӢԺӵ׷ɹþԪһžԪ츳չֵ쾡£Ľ׳ڣһٳɹͻƵ۷壬֮һ·߸ͽڶʮɹͻƵ߽ߣΪʷΪĸ߽ߡ
ˣԺšաƺŵ򽣡
֮ʮʱҲûһܹͨӢԺأɹþԪˡ
һ²ĽֻΣ
뵽⣬˵Ŀ⣬Լͬأ׷䵽˳Եϡ
ԲΪɫƽضŶϵס
ЩҪȥǣԪڱصá
ĿҲڳԵͣһᣬ΢΢һЦȴǴĿ˵ֻһβμӵĻᣬͬʱҲǵһսͻϣܺúϧ󲻹õΣҲҪ̫ƽϣ֮·Ҫʱ̱һƽ̬ܹΪǿߵĿܡˣڣǶǰ񶷵ɡ
˵꣬ֱ¶񶷵ķȥاڵʦҲǽ󡣳Ե˼״վȥ
ǰۿĵӣͬǸ˹ȥ֮ԸϹҪǿµУܻܲùھ֮λ
ܹùھܷɹӹӢԺӵ׷þԪ
񶷵붷ͬ¶ʽһߴĽ¥㡣
¥ʮɸߣռʮĶռ伫
ռ䲨ȻʵԺҲֹ൱ĸְ
߽񶷵Ŀ˸һ£Ȼֻ̤񶷵δ񶷿ռ䣬Ŀռʵ̶һʱȷ񶷵ʦǿ߽ģ㲻ʦǿ߽Ҳʦǿ߸졣
ʦǿ̲һԪɻ򣬿ɸռĸݵأʦǿ߽и졣
óԸеȵǣʦǿ߶ûԺȻʦǿ߸ռĽֱǷ˼
ϾԺʷУѾǧһʦʦδ
񶷿ռлĿܻ޴˵ıˣǲ֪ǻһһʦǿıǸȤءţ׵񶷵ȥ
ǵǰۿĵҲǷӵ룬ȴǱһĳ棬˽Ųûʲôӵ
񶷵Ųٵ͸㣬δΪû谵
ԼĪ˴·ͣʱǰƯһڵһɸߣ䶯͸¶һԵĪ⡣


39 ¶
ܹܵ·ռ䲨·Ǿֹġ
ָоͺ·Ŀռ䣬Ŀռ磬ȫһԪ
Ƭռǿߣʦô򵥰пܣһλѾڿռ۳Եʦǿߡ
ӴĲϾǳܹȽϣ¾׶޷аء
λǿʵԽǿ˵ı͸ӵˡ
еڴ֮⣬ɵһ֡
ͣºͳһźڰķֽֽһͳɫʱ
΢΢۾촽䶯΢ѶĿдɲǼ䣬ϵķֽǷڶڰתͣ
ǰ䶯ٶȾ𽥼ӿ죬·Ƭռ䣬ҲǲپֹǱûԾ
һڰɫϷʶƬ̼ͳ·Ƭռ䡣
ʱǹȫ񶷵Ŀռ䣬·𶼿ʼڿռеԪҲԾޱȣǴʱڴĻٶȱ磬Իֹ
ûһȥ˵ĿⶼǾۼǰƬڰɫĿռ䣬۾ؿš
Ӻ׵촽ֹͣ䶯Ψźڰķֽڰת
ת׶ʮ½ӵ񶷿ռѾԺеĵѾǡֻʱʱ䣬ʱǳɼΣᱻԶͳǶȡưɡǳʱûƣǲǻ˶öϵӵƣǶܹǰʮ
׻º󣬼ԺʦưעַȥµӵƳʰɫ̻ӦӵÿһöƣŶӦݱǣ޷ĵġ
ˣǶ񶷿ռɣףǺˡÿ˶õƣ΢Ц˵
ʮµŸԵƣһ˿˿Ľţȴ˷ܡǰ˳źڰȥкǵӰֱʧ
úñ֡
ԾʱϺȻλؼʦ΢
һģ
Ե˵ͷҲǸ̤˺ڰ
ڶȥˣڴ֪󳽻ԵܻܲùھҳɹͨӢԺλӵ׷߳񶷿ռ䣬õԪݽ
ھ϶ûģڵʵ˽߶ְӢԺˣɸһĽɫ˵ǵʵģ濹߽۷ߵʵ΢ЩģŽ߶濹Ⱑ
԰򽣵ʦܹŶʮöϵӵ߳񶷿ռ䣬ҲɷְھӢԺĵȡʮǰĽѵ϶ٷͬĴˡҪŶʮö̤񶷿ռ䣬ѡѡѡ
Ѿô漣ڵԪΪӲǻ˽ҳλ˽ߣ˵Ҳܴһ漣ء
źڰĿ⣬ԼʦǼŨŨڴ֮ɫ
Ȼʱ񶷵ҪȻûһһ漣ܿҪʵǲԸ

޾Ŀռ䲨ǰһƬڰֻоԼѾȫʧȥƿأڵԪԼ˿
ֶʧȥյĸоԺܲϲ
ڣָоδãԼĪʱ䣬ԱǷԼһƬƴĴУߣʮµҲǷ׷׳֡
ԡ
һµɨһۣ֮󣬾ֱ˹ԣҺͼλһǵжҪϵϵѶʵ̫ǾжǵĶ飬֪Ը𣿵ȻʵǵǿģǵĶ飬ջһ˵һ롣ңǻһƣǶ飬ǿ㽫Լʵõ÷ӣӶøϵӵơô
˵λµأǡԡԺͬӣϵȻ˵ϺãȴԺнеļδЦˡ
µӼ״󲿷ֶ¶ź֮ɫжŸͬ뷨ȴǲϱؽȵǡ
Ͽȥջóһ˶ռһƺе࣬ϸϸһ룬ԳԵʵҪõЩϵӵƣ治¡ңԳչֳǱʵõĽԻΪǼΪҫ۵ĴڣϹϵ˵һ֮͵顣
ֻǣԸûҪͱжѾԼļƻ
Ǹҡҡͷ˵Ǹҵжˣϰߺͱж
һ£ͻȻ˵;ʲôѣܹæһᾡ㡣
̫лˡ
ǺǣҲϣȫϣһ;ջҪԼŬɡ
˵仰Խż棬αŴֵݶȥ
һ·ǰɱٶû˿ʱƺܳҪȴݲðֵ顣
ƬֵУ˻ľûзһ˿޵ĺۼԴˣҲΪ˽⣬һƬĿռ䣬޷ȥǸƬռǿ߻ڡ
ŵУƿռ䲢
ԼĪӹ󣬳ͣ˷ɱĽŲӻͳöɫơƳʮףŰư󡣴ʱϣʮҰɫ䶯ţҰɫȺķɢĴﵽʮΨߣֻһԵΪĿ
⹲ʮҰɫģʮµӡ
һ֮󣬳ƣӻͳһŵͼͼܼ򵥣ֻһΨǰһԭ㡣
ԭԱߣע֡¶
¶ʮ·ǲӿٶȣʱܸϵǽһҪȥϵӻȡǵƣҪͨӢԺ̾·壬ڼҪĵʱȷһҪӿٶȣȵ¶澿ʲôˡ
ȷ˷֮󣬳պõͼ齣չ̤ѩ޺ۣٶֱ졣
¶Ҳ˽١ȴǸ߳ԣ¶Ķڴ̾һֻޡ
ޡ񶷿ռУûһֻޣ¶ڴȴسһֻޡ
˵ֻѰ޲ͬ˺࣬һͼ¶ֱӽߡ򽣵ʵֻ£Ҳһж߲ͱɡ
֮ԺԺ飬Ժȴֻ˵һ仰ǧǰֻ޾Ѿˣǧ֮УҲûܹ¶˵λʦԺĸִʦǵʦδ̤¶ǵĽһȫֻص޸ˡ
ʱ֮󣬳ԾĿ¶Ѿֻʣ²ľ룬ʱѾǳڴ֮⡣


40 
Ժ޷⿪գǱ˺ֱ
ûע⵽ٷɱ֮ʣھһݴУԴ΢΢̽Ӱ
ңĿ꿿Ѿù׼
Ѿ׼ʱԹ
ףôô죿ѧԺ½ųԣǸŻܰ˽ʵĳԣԡϴҪҪ֣
ڶ˵һžŻ󵶵ԡ֣һ𶯣æ˹ȥ鿴
˹ǳԺϲȻҪ֣û뵽һһžȻǱˣаˣ֪ԺЩŮǻγҰǾͶ֣һ𷢶أҪκߵĻᡣ
һ

֡

ԺȻΣڿڿٱʱһҵƷ֮ȻһǿҵΣвɴӳڶ
͵Ϯ
һʱȷΧԼҲ˶Է
ԺϵΪһµӣ£ʮа˾Ҫùˡ
齣
Լͷһ£ƾǿҵľѸٸӦƿϮĹ齣ʩչǷĽʮ֧ʸնϡ
䷴Ӧٶ֮죬ȫ˶ڰе˵
ã̫֣쳷
žŻ󵶵ϴ״ɫʱһ䣬æ´źӴܡ
Ȼδ볽Խ֣˵Ӱܹܰ˽ߵǿʵԲܹԸ˵ģ߻ߡ
ߣһ
һ̤ѩ޺˲ʩչŶԷȥ
ȾŽߵٶȣóԼգۼԾ˵ǰ£ߣҾͲô˵ˡ
ųԵĻλϴεЦЦԣǲ֪㡭
΢΢һЦûϵ֪ˡ

ƽɡ
ԣǡ
֪ǲԸǣȻ˾ҪľҲϣ䲻𡭡ϵЦ
⻰ϴ¶֮ɫ˼ˣĻȻһ̥ˡ
˵ţǽϵȡ˳ͬʱҲԼԵλԺӽƽһݸԡ
Գԣûһ˿붯ֵ֮ǰµ߽߶ܹȴǺѾضˣһܵĻᶼûСһΣĿ˳ԵǿǹϾڶεĳ֡
ȫȡ衣
ӹƣԵ˵ͷҪת¶ȥ
ԡ
ϴһᣬͻȻסԣڵ֪̾·ӢԺӣֻһ߽۷壬ȫǰ˽ߡҽ㣬ҪӴ
ôǿô
Ŀһ£û뵽Ժ·ľӢԺӣݾȻ˺һ߽۷ߡ˽ߣһǳԾӢԺ¾ǾŽ۷ߣܹ洳ȥɣ
лл
Ըмص˵ͷ㣬ٶȷɳ۳ȥ
Էǿ಻ȴ
ǶԷһ㣬»ء
ΨˣŸսԡ
ϴ˵аƹ·壬ɹƻص뿪񶷿ռ𣿡һԵųȥķ򿪿ʵ
˵ûһ˿İգӢԺĵӣһɵݣ¾ǾŽ۷߶޷濹⣬Ψʦǿ߲ſ潫ǻܡ
˶٣ֽ˵һǾóԿԴͨ·壬ӶõھþԪ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôˣƶûˣȥ·ԺȥɡϴƲƲ죬ת·ķȥȴţܸ㣬ӵĵ𣿡
Բûٽ·ӢԺӷϣǾֱ¶ɳ۶ȥʮӺһïʢĵطܷԲ״Ÿʻľɫʡ
ǰʮ״һȻѨѨϷ֣ǡ¶¶ڴԵúڰޱȡ
ڶڴԲδ򽣿˵Ӱӣʱûȥνޡ
ĿһضŶڴ龰üͷš
Ϊǲʮ׵ɽڣվط龰ͺ硣һïʢһݲ
˹һĻʹóޱء
Ϊ¶νıҪȥһ̽
ѸԼƽ¶ڴСȥ
𡭡
ڳǰ߳ʮף̤Ƭĵشһ޺Ȼǰ
һ̣Աط֣ǰһ״Ŀռ䣬Ȼ䶯һֻһɶߣòɲޣԾ޴ǰצͬһ㣬·ĲӬһ˳ԡ
ʲô
һ̣ԸоԼ·һȫÿһϸ嵱еÿһ˿Ǿеľڴ˿̶·ȫѹסȫ˿
Ϣ˲䴫ȫ
˾Ը
Ҫ𣿡
ԵвɵζҪҪۿֻ޵ǰצҪĵԼϣȴһָͷͶûС
ҲġҲľôһŴδҵ·ŸոտʼҲİн˹ź
¸ࡢ¸ĥѡ಻¸ǿĶ֣

֮ĳޣû
֮ŵҫͽԶΪʷ
Ҳ
ԵĿгһɾҵɲ֮䣬۾ͨ졣
飬ɱУд
ʱΨһģΨһ顣
齣
ݡ
齣·ܵ˵źҲܵ˵ܵǿҵвһɳĽ⺷Ȼ
ɽ⵱У޾ĳԹ޾ıϢ

һҵ羪װը죬ֻоܱߵĿռ䣬Ʊ齣бĽȻ忪
ܹƿصĸоٴλع顣
̤ѩ޺ۡ
һɲǣԺԥʩչͬʱȫȫÿһϸٶ۷壬ͬӰһˡ

˺һ̣ԭվĵطǱ޵ǰצĳһ
̿ƾʱͦȴ˲֮¡
˲Ϣ֮䣬ԸоԼ·ԵǻһȦ


41 
⵽ʲôޣ
Ե˫üšһ۾ɫʣȻɹ㿪޵Ĺܷȥȴδ֪֮
ţôϸܲ˿ɱûҪɱң
ܿ죬ֻϾͲһ˿ͬѰζֻոնչޣԳԸûĻɱ⣬ڳԶ㿪ĹҲδ
ر򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ȼһ˿ں֮ɫ
˳е齣˫ڵ˫ͫǽһǿϢȻϱ
Ҫˣ
ܵϵϢȻǿһһʱ齣ս׼
ֻ֪޵ʵжǿǿֿ˵زԺֱߣղ޳ʱĿռ䲨ȴ֪Լûһ˿ߵĿԡ
ΪǰģͲʲôޣһֻޡ
ޣһоŽף͵һ޿ʦǿߣĽ޿ʦǿߣ׿ʦǿߣ߽˽׿ʦǿߣŽ޿ʦǿߡ
ǰֻޣǴղʩչռǿʦǿ߰Ҳ˵ֻޣޡ
࣬ңôӵŵ齣ڳΪֻ޵ǿھҪʱһȻ
ǰгԣһӣѾҡֻص޸ղȻԿóǰ߶̫Ķ⣬¼ȻԷѡ֣ȭ˵
Ȼ䣬ϱǶȻһϢ˵齣ŵУֻƿءһλǲŻ֮һΪûдﵽʦģܹΪ㣬һʦ綼δﵽķǰӣкʸԳΪƿ齣
ԲδΪԷԼǷеߣֻ۵ȴű֮ɫһԾԼƽǰҲϲ̰쳾ȦףʹűƣʦԼλڣƾǧ˰ٶʮλŵӣ˺
ܣԲһ˵꣬վǰ޶ʱŭһ쳹ʣضɽҡƬռ·𶼱ɳñ飬½֮һʦǿλʦǿ߸ʮλǿʵô׾ͱ˭ң㵽˭
޵УһԵıߣ˫ɫͫףڴ˿Ѿͨޱȡ
ϵϢҲǱ൱񱩡ۿţҪ̲סٶȶԳԶ֡
ǰ˵ĻʵҵǼٵġΪĸԸظ𣿡Բûȥʲô̧е齣
ȻƽȴһԶƵıˡ
Ը뼰£Ҳȥ룬ÿʱÿ̶ʵΨʵʸȥ̸£ʸǰɵأѩޣɹԡ
˿̣ἰڲĵ׵£ֻо·ǧҧɣʹԡ
һĻĻϤݣһذмӣﵱֵˣ
ǷǸУܵ˵İ
ţļҡ
һ㸲ʹġ
ԵĻҲð
ŶôǿѳΪ档
κ޲ż˵ң˭ŵģ
Ԫ
΢΢۾ﻺ³֡
֣Դӳ֮󣬴δҲǵһᵽ֡
ԵЩѹ֣ƽҲѹŵƽ
ɼģεķݡ
Ԫôû˵ɻʵ
һԪһǧǰһտʼǷչٶȲǺܿ죬ԴǰԪһʦ󣬷չٶȱ𽥼ӿ죬ֲǰΧɱ֮ʱǳ˳ʮʦԼϰʦ֡
Ȼôࣿ
Ŀ˸һ֮ɫȻܿ죬Ĩ𾪱Ǳɻ۾һ˿˼ɫ
Ƭ̣޾ûмǣȥֱת˻⣬μԺ²𣿡
ǰҲ֪²⣿
Ǻǣ̾꣬ǰҲٵԺӣȻ֪²ˡЦ˵ǲ˿¶ģҿ㱾ΪȻߣȴǴﵽ˾Ž۷壬츳Ȼ㲻ϺãЩԺӵУȴõˡҲ㿿¶̽̽ǱΡǵһԺӿʮǰˡ

ŻȻ
Ȼ㿿齣İҶĿռղһͨľŽ߶ܶ㿪ȴܹ齣ѿռֱӶ㿪Ǻǣŵ̤ѩ޺ۣ㵹ͦЦš
Ժգ̤ѩ޺ȻˣҪ˵òȴ˵ϡ
ɡĿһ£õû˵벻ջ񡣡
˵ֱ꣬ת¶˹ȥ߽ںȴֱûȥ
벻ջ񣿡Ծ׽һ΢΢һЦҲǸ¶
ȻĽŲո̤¶ȴǷƬɽһƬڰȫֲָ
һƬԪռ䣿ռеĿռ䣬档ȻΧȻģظӦ㶫

ʱǰâһڰʱһȫµʱ˳Եǰ
𡭡𡭡
ȻԻδüȥ۲νȫ磬һ޺֮ǼԵشĶС
ܣϰֻޣ˻ɱ޵ĺУŨŨѪ뱩Ϣ
ЩɢϢҲﵽĽײΣͷϢΪǿ󣬺ȻǴﵽ߽׵ĲΡ
νĻԵҲ١
̲סһΪظܵԪռеޣڵģȴԵޱʵţ޹ԼôԼԻ
ɱ
Ȼ࣬ڴﵽ߽ϵֻֻܹӦʩչ̤ѩ޺ۣȽĿ߽µޡ
齣Ȼնɱÿһ̳ضһֻ߽µޱ
𡭡
޵ĺΪıŭһжԵ൱ʵ
̤ѩ޺۵ǽʮֻ߽޸ͽ˳ԵΨֻٶȽϿ߽޿ԣ볽ԽһóԸѿȥ


42 
ʮ֮󣬳ǽ߽µȫնڽ¡
ʱԻºһѪ꣬ѪȾ壬ԭ峺˫ĿҲһ˿Ѫ֮ɫ
棬ֻ߽š
𡭡
ֶŲδ೤ʱ䣬ֻޱŭһŭųɱ

һ¶񱩵ɱ⣬ζȻǰ壬գۼֻ߽ǰ
齣
һ̣е齣̶ֱĽƿȻ߽޽Ҫ֮ˣȻǱţʱѪ硣
͡
û˿ͣŲӿ죬ǰն£ֻ߽޵ͷ­ǱնأͬƤһ
ϾʵޣЩޣһЩû˿ǿԡ߽޵սҲͱͨǿһЩԳʵҪնɱʵûѿԡ
ֻ޶Գնɱλͬû˿ᣬųɱȥ
͡
齣ش̳ǿľظӦ߽޵˶켣齣شһֻ߽޵ͷ­

һֻ߽޵壬ӲǱг룬ѪͬȪ㱩ӿ
ʣһֻˡ
촽ѪζʹɱŨ
λȻǰ壬齣ķâչ¶ɱһֻ߽ޡ
ֻǣֻ߽޶ڳԿĹһ㶼ںɱȥ

Աһٶۿţ齣Ľһֻ߽޵Ķͷֻʣ²һߵľ롣
Ȼʱɺ۾ȴǷ֣ǰֻ߽޵ӺȻ䶯һŴŴЦݣϵӳֵߵС
һϤӡ
һųԾӡ
ʦ
Ծϲغһϵ齣ֱӱ

ȻǻӦģȴһҵƷ߽޵ǰצĻͷ­ϣͷ­ʱͬһ㱻ĵ÷顣
ʦ

ƺûоԼѾʹϴз
ǸԴˣۿնɱֳ棬֮ʹģ˱
Ѿˣ
ʧٶȻصڵĶѨСһ𣬶Ѩеĺڰɢ¶ɽеľ
źϢĶѨȴǿҲһۣǰޣŭصΪҪʦŪΪβҶ࿴ʦһۣ
޵ЩĮȻȻãеľ󲢲ҿƣȻĻޣԺУԶһ֮ȥӰһҪϲ㣬Ѿͨ˵һء
üͷ𣬡ͨأ
̤¶֮ʱ㿪ʼ¶ĿˡصĳޣܹΪ˶ԹеıԱδȫɱ˫ۣûгޣĻǴġԹϲ㣬ͨ˵һصĿˡ
ЩɬʦǱ˵Լ汻ɱģôܻ
⿼ǸʲôôҲ֪һʵ
޵㿿¶ʱҾ͸ܵӦǵѰġãҲһ봫㡣

Ժգ̲סʲô
һܸ㣬ܹõȻ֪ʲôˡұ֤бµõԲʧЦһ˵
ŶǽһҪͨʲôˣ֪ղԼͨģǵһˡ
޵ڵԪΪ׺ߣΪȴǾŽ۷塣ڶˣҪڰʱ֮ڣԼΪͻơ֪ϻһŲԪҺźظ㣬˲ԪĿֱʧܸա
˵⻰޵Ӱֱʧ
ͻƣëߵͻư㵱ΪôͻƵģԴΪΪҪμΪ˾Ϊͻơܹͻƣǻμʲ
ҵԪΪոͻƲãʱﲻ޷ͻơ˵ͻƾͻƵİ
Ҫþõͻƣֻ
һԪΪһϴķȣſøԪ磬ӶǳԪΪȾҪöడ
ڶַԼЩһ׹Ĺһֹֻʦϵǿ߷ŻȻţҲûӴֹڶַҲֱų
ַַãһĳǿıȻ󡭡Ȼͻˡ
£Ͳܲ򡣵ͻƵģҲֻдӾ֡ǣҪþȡͻƣֻʹõַ
ʱ֣ʱޣֻаʱҾʱٳ㣬ҲܳʱȻɰͰ͵صֻ֣ȥѰˡ
˼󣬳ſʼ⴦Ѩ
Ѩռܴףǽһĺۼ͸¶һɹϺĵϢ
ôһֱߵĻ˵ʱһ춼߲סüͷ΢΢š
ʱĿԱߵǽڡ
ºۼǽڣһּΪʵĸоͺԵĲһǽڣƮ¡
нţûκ˿Կ߶
ڳעǽڵʱǽϵһۼȻ䶯
ţ
һ۾ʱ
ݡ
ɲǼ䣬һĽû˿׵ش𣬻ƿıֱ
㣡
ûƬԥʶؾչ̤ѩ޺ۣһߡ
ȻתȥʱǼղǹˣ᳤վ׵ĵط
᳤ʱ۾ȴǶȻΪ˲òġţʣȫǺһģһ
Ψϵı飬ûκԡ
ݡ
ڳ֮ʣٶȴƿ֮һĽգۼġ

Ѹٻعæһ̳Ľ
ݡ
Ȼûüܣһ𣬳
óԸеͷƤǣ⽣УȻᵽˡ齣ζǹɽ⣬ȫһ£޲졣
ʱ򣬳Գȥ͵ֵЩûκ˼۲
Ƭ̺󣬶ԷĹ΢ֹͣ
ҲڵԴȥʩչ齣ԼģǺεʿ


43 ױ
ȻһȺ˵ʱȴǾҵس鴤
ΪһȺ˵ӣȫǺһģһ
ݡ
һԻ룬ЩһģһġԡȻٶȶʩչ˹
ǧĽ˲ܡ
һ
ٳʮġԡһ̺ȻǼʩչǿĹһ
Ҳ١
ԳΪ״̬˵ܹǿʩչһȴҲһơһò˵ȷ̾Ϊֹ׺ڵԪΪʩչһǰ˽߶նɱ
Ȼ£ǳʮλġԡȻͬʱʩչ˹һԵͱ˴ֿڡ
һǿɲİ
رڸһοȫͬһοǴһþУеһжǼٵģһΣһСģɾͼпˡ
ԳʮһԼǺм֮
ʱ򣬳гɬͱԼȻǱԼǿ˾·
ȻʽܹҴȻԽƽ⡣һȻ޴󣬵벻ʽķ롣ؼʱ̣Ժܿ侲ԺеľҲʼתǿʽҪøǿʽƽ⣬ǿʽͬĹһʤУȻ޷ʩչΪǿʽұΪУΪ档
һ̣ʮĹһҪ䵽֮ʱԵζȻԻԺУʮλԡվķλҲسԺС
ɱ
һȣ齣ǰġԡֱն¡
һûκλΣûκԣͨһУԲûеԪעУȫȫƾŸоӳһ
ֻǾãԼ˿̾Ӧ˳С
ͣ
Ȼһ̣⿴ͨһȴֱӽǰġԡ롣ڡԡУûһ˿ѪҺɢݶΨһŷĩ״ĳƮء

ܵʮλԡȻҲͬʱʧΨһŵķĩ
ףô£Щԡ
ϲɹͨڶˡ
ʱһڳĿռȻ䶯һڼ׵Ĺͷ˴߳
ǿ׳ߴ߳ᣬ˱ըԵϵļһһ㣬ʯһ㡣
ǡǰ
ԺܿͷӦȴһƬκˡ
Ϊ൱ܹΪεޣΨоŽ޷ܰ쵽
Žޣǿǿʦǿ߰
Ǻǣҽһ£ֽʯ΢΢һЦ
ʯǰԹص˵ͷʦǿߣʦ˶ĴڣղǸˣҵʵûͻƣôͨأ
ʯ΢΢ͷЦʵҲû뵽ôܻǣʵ൱ȻûоûԪĹȴȫһҪκһʵǿһЩΪʵһǿˣǹһȻĶ֣Ҳ˵ͻơֻû뵽㲢ھԪͻƣڹʽϡǺǣԣǰ㣬Ҳû
ʯ˵ĻЩǼʵҲͻ𣿡
ʯͷȻͻƣܹڹؼʱΪ룬ҲʵҲνͻơȻԪ뾫δͻƣҸ㣬۷ǿߵĶԾԪ뾫޷ԵáȻڲԪΪǾ̫ԣټϵ齣ʵ϶ܿ͵õһԾԵ
齣ʯҲż˽⡣
Կе齣˵ͷδȫϣ齣档ô˵齣ܷΪǿߣҪĻҪԼ
ʯǰǷͨ˿أνıҲΪȤ
ͨˣҲûͨʯ˵ͷܿҡҡͷ
ʵΪΣ
ʯٺһЦΪͨģֻҵĿ˶ѡҪͨģǱĿˣ㻹⣬Żߡ
ĿˣⱦԣѵһԾһ𺳲ѡ
Ҳеȼ֣֮һΪԪױױױױױԼױӵԵıһϡ
ϵ齣ŵ֮˵۷屦ֻ齣Ԫռ䣬ԴΪһ뾻ħԪˡ
ǸһúݣҶôǷ㣬ҪԼӦСʯЦ˵ƺԽҪڴ
ƲƲ죬һղŵضԼпأ
ٺ٣⣬꣬ʵģòҵһ˵һˣҵȻҪץסᡣʯԵı飬ɵεЦЦҲʱˣһᣬھȥǸһгӦûͷ˯ء
˵ţʯӰֱʧ
ȻһӵԵı˴ˡԿеૣ˷ܣܹõһϵıʵԻڶʱ
Ȼܿ죬ϸ룬üͷȴ̲סʯǰǾŽޣǼϵģôطꣿ
һʱ䣬ҲΨоŽ޺ӵԵױܹôˣʦҲǧǧһȻǵֵµĸʴŶȥ
Ȼһһط֮ã⼸ǲܵ顣Ϊпܻô˾ˣһֻŽޡ
񶷿ռȻʦģסһֻŽޣֻƺһױ档οʱȥƬ񶷿ռ޵ֻάֲɢʵ΢ǿЩܹһԪռ֮ĵʦսƬռ
Խ룬еɻ͸󣬡УȻһЩڡʯǰױΪλط֮áоǣ֪ױǺεȱ
ϵıһ½һЩ΢Щݵģ˵ѹֻ꣬Ҫ½չֹ;Բɢʷӡ
˵ȴȥʱҲʧšԾԼ򶨡
Сӣгԣŵˣ
ʱԵԺкȻһǰĿռ΢΢䶯ӰǰһǸղȥʯһȫһ׹֣ȥЩģ壬ֻһŵ¶šУԾ˵ˣӦһˣȴ֪νˣһ顣


44 Ͻ۷尵ħ
³ԣΪǰӣҲԹ˹֣ʵش
Ű׹˵ͷţҲҽһ£ҽзҵı壬Ӧ˵ӡ
ӡ
ɫޱ䣬̲סɲǼˡ
ӡǰؼһʱӡδؼֹǿα仯ǵһλãδκαҽռݡ
ԭֻһӡؼΨһֹһױ
ǰƿģؼһǿߣҲؼΨһֹһλʦ
ֽ߸
֣ǰ˲֪˲ǰҲˣƬ½еࡣ
ǰħʢڣڶַ࣬½һħĽսǧꡣǧʱһļ٣Ҳһ䣬½ľŴޣҲߴޱħռ졣
Ǹʱ壬ۿžҪħȻʱʮλظֺճЩһλ߸쵼ɱħڲһս춯أħĶ˳һ롣
Ժ˺󷽲ŵԴֻʮʱ䣬߸쵼£ǽħһ½յһξսʱǽԪռ䣬ҽ֮Ŀռͨ
ֻǣʤħ屻ϳ½Ƕʮλ֣ȴ˴ûһλսʱͻƳΪʷһλʦ߸ҲʧƬؼ䡣
˲֪ȥЩȴ֪ЩΪ˽ħߣѾǺľһ˿ԪռͨҲ֧Ųȥ׷
Ψģֻһֽħӡı
ħӡǰʱûһ֮Ტۡħӡ˵ʮ飬һϵıܲκ˿Ҳǽһķչ˸ӵ˽ħӡȻ֮һЩƳ˿ħӡıڱϣħӡǿǰر߸ƹܵķӡӵһûκһڽ䳬Խ
ԭܼ򵥣ӡʮħӡƷҪ߳һףΪױʹģؼΨһһλʦ

Գһƽе𺳣һ𾴵̬ŷһ
Ϊӡ߸ŵԼȥһС
Ҳøֻһ⣬ش⣬Ҿ뿪񶷿ռ䣬ƿҵı塣Ҳ˵һΪ㽫Ϊ߸֮󣬵ڶƹܷӡˡƽƺֻ˵һѰ֮¡
Եݺݵһ£һֱΪ¶еıпһױԼܹõΪԻõһԾԵԼݱҲżáȴǴδԼĿ꣬Ȼؼи֮ͣǿͷҪõױκ붼δģױ
ãǰʡԹ˵
ʱ̬ѾȫָƽܲܵõӡҲǿ󡣷ӡͬѰĵȻʹƬ½Ʒ仯ϴĳ֣ΣڵϦ֮䡣
ͷֱԵ벻Ϊǿߣ
̧ͷоⱬ䣬ûκԥ룡
ӡ죬ԭ򡣡
Ϊǿߣ԰ˣԺһϤףԵڴ˿ȴԵ൱ƽ
򵥵ʮ֣Եİ׹Ȼ˸һ£˳԰ΣǿڵףǺ죬𾴵ˡ
ףǺ죬𾴵ˡ
ԵĻش򵥣ĻشҲ൱򵥣ûһˮ
ΨԱߵʯ֪ԳԵĻش൱⡣Ψһ񣬾ػ࣬ܵħвԵĻشǷҪġ
ݡ
һ£ϱһ׹򳽻ԣֱûĶͷ
¡¡
ʱֻоƬ綼ը죬һϵϢϯ綼ס
ͬʱһͨ尵֮ɫӡ£ԺС
ӡ͸¶ǿҵϢһŰɫĹתڹ֮УɫԾֳ

֮ӡ
һأ顣
͸¶Ϣһ鲻ҵϡ
֮£һнΪϡ
ݡ
Կ񡱶֮ʱӡ·Ȼһɫ⣬˳Եľ硣
ɫ֮ӡƺͻȻЩ
͡
Եľ˽ɫ󣬶ʱҲûԾޱȡ
ͣõľŽ۷ľһֱ̾ӱǡ
Ҫͻô
Ե¶ϲ֮⣬æƾ磬þһƽȵ״̬
ͻƸûκףͣھŽ۷Ѿһʱ䣬ֻһܹͻơӡԺʱõľܵ𵴣еľΪԾڷӡһɫâ󣬸ǻԾһޣҿ
ǹ˲ӣԱǸо·һεľǱΪ˵ɫƮھ磬ԵĪ⡣
ͻ𣿡
ܵ仯Ϊεɫ³һ۾Ҳ
ͻԪͻƲͬһԣԪ֮¸ƳǿԪļΪټ޾ߡ
ЩȴǿĹþٶȳԽԪٶȡʵٶȲ죬ѡߣǼΪټġ
ĳԣͻƣǴﵽʦľ硣˿ҲǿʦĲΣȫֱӿ齣ɱޣаħԪһΪȫʦĲΡ
ͻƵʦΣǿЩԪΪҲԺܿͻƵʦˡЦһ
ǰ
𡭡ҵˣֱӽҷС
ʯǰô񶷿ռôʱ䣿ջǰеɻ˳
⣬ǷʯǳĬûش⡣

ϵİ׹⻺䶯һ֣ϵİ׹ɢȥ¶ʵס
ȥԵ൱ᣬ볽һӺƾϸû˿覴ãĿת䣬鶯ʣŶ˻ǵĸо
ʯһۣ˶ǵ˵ͷ󣬷Ŀ˳ԣ¸Ҳ޷ʯ֮Ի񶷿ռ궼δȥΪǵĽ£ӡֻϽװħȻȥȻûʱҺʯҪػȻȥ⽫Ϊ½ѡ


45 µӵΣ
ֻϽװħԵͷƤһ顣
ڰħʱҲЩ˽⡣
ħеȼ滮Ҳ൱ϸСһΪСħҲģǵʵ߲ࡣСħ֮ϣǻƽװħ̽װħװħװħϽװħЩħֱӦʦʦʦʦʦǿߡ
еϽװħʵ൱ʦǿߡ
ͷֻϽװħȫϽ۷İħ

Ա𾪵û˵֮ųһֻϽ۷尵ħӡʱ䶼ûô
Ҳ˵ˣΪѾûһ˿Ҳ˵ûΪǵ麣УһЩлδǸǻᣬбǿħпֻܻϽ۷尵ħʱ䣬Һʯδ뿪񶷿ռһһֱڿǡ
Ͻ۷尵ħʵӹɣǾԿ۷ʦǿߵĴڡ½ʦǿ߼ôʮʮ۷ʦǿߣһֶֻܹù
Ϊο뿪񶷿ռˣѵͲǸ𣿡ɻʵ
ɬһЦҵȻ£ڸûһ˿ˣʱӡеķ֮ѾȫĴڱȥ缳ȡָܻӡȻĻӡǵûС
ӡһûˣеһΨһһױȻһ裿ԿԺǰ޹ӡ£ʱЩɬʵ뿪񶷿ռ䣬˭ѹֻϽ۷尵ħʯǰȻǾŽޣƺҲаɣ
ʵúã㲻ò⣬Ϊ¶ҷӡӡҲӡʯѹǼˡЦ˵
ӡ
ǳ鴤һ£ؼ䣬κǿΪ֮ħӡȻ鱻Ǳ񶷿ռУ
ʱһԵʯĿȻһ£Ƴһ򣬶󿪿ڵԣμӵǸ²⣬һʱҪˣҪҪȥ½
²⣿ˣȥ½ɣҲȥ½Щ仯ء˵ֱ꣬ӻһ׹⣬˳ԵĶͷڷӡС
Ե˵ͷʯ˱ȭʯǰգлˡ
лģȻʯõ˷ӡȻӡѾûһ˿ΣվǱеһؼΨһһױ
ʯֵлңܹõǼһͬԭҲ̫ϵ㻹ץʱȥԼɣԺʱ䣬ٸұǡ´μʱҿɲϣ㻹Сǿ۹Ⱑ
ʯǰģŬԱ˱ȭǣ
˵ֱ꣬ת¶ȥ
ϣǲġȻĻҪΣˡųȥıӰʯɫ֡
񶷿ռ·ڵء
·󷽣һɫĵشֻҪƬشǿԷ񶷵
ʱ·Ķ壬Ӱӭ
ϽɢһǿϢϢһ飬ֱγһܵķ紵޷
ǿȥͲ󣬶Ƕʮ嵽ʮӡ
ƣ˵ģǳԵǵȷֵǳ֡˵ģ򽣾ԲΪͷʲôƾ֤վǰʮˡȴʵǿģΪ˽۷ߣֻһͻƵŽ׵ĲΡ
ȻΪδﵽŽ׵ĲΣڲǰȴԺһžŽ׳ڵؼʦıУУҲǰһС֮ܣȫΪԷԪΪ
վ꣬һòʣüĿ㣬һ˫۾ȴǲʱ֮ɫеĹơ
Ҳǽı磬߽۷ߡ
Ļص֮ôάԣȫΪŹ˵Ľ츳ȴ˵Ƕദʱ򽣲δĽڸԣ˵ԲʺϻǸĽȻˣ򽣻кȥάҸɣѳԸˣҲ˵ʲô
Ǻǣ˵ĲԿɲôɱİҿ˵ĳ϶նһֱˣҴϣǱһˡʵǼҪɱҲô׵ġ
۵һջ˵ʦַģնɱԣǼѾߺǶ˫̥λá
⻰˵ЦЦ
Ϊţٿɡ˵һ׽ǿܵĻͽҲ߽һ·ģǿĽοο
Ƭ̣ɫóһɫƿ˿Щͷüôϵӻô࣬ȻֻƱǸô֣µۿҪϵӸˡ
Ҳɫɻ󣬲Ҳû취ǵƲǷµӵټµӵһϵУǵƱʧЧ
ʱʣһͷܿͻᶯ֡Ϊ׺ڣھԪ϶֮ͣһõԪʵͻǣһٴﵽ۷嶼⡣˵϶֡˵
ǵ˼УϵӼȻô࣬ǿ϶ǳԻû֡Ǹûȥ룬ϵӻܻߵֵס˳ԡ
ֻǲ׵ǣͷԶڸʲôѵһֱ񶷿ռĴε
ߡ·ˣ

ֿܳܡ
ȳԳҪúÿһ
ж˾Ҳٽ̸ʲôصȺš
µӣȻʣôˣ
뿪¶֮󣬳ԱͳҰɫĹ㾹Ȼֻʣ²ʮüͷʱһ¡
УµǱϵӻܣҲǻᱻԷսɣһսɣĹǻֱʧ
ʱĹ㣬ڣȻֻʣʮˡһڿ¶ĵطʮһۼһ
ţһüͷһΪʱǷ֣һ㾹Ȼٶʧһֻʣʮ
ȹȥ˵µӱȫ˰Ȼһˣô˼һչŰɫۼĵطɱȥ
߳¶֮ԺеķӡǳװȥҲû
ϵҲûȥŷ֪ӡֻϽ۷尵ħ꣬ޱȣʱ̶ҪϢ
ôô죬һѵǱϵӸΧˣӣϵĹ㾹Ȼһֻʣ¾ŸﰵһͬʱҲӿٶȡ


46 ׺ɨ
ľ볬ʮδͻʱҲҪʱܸϵʦǿߣڽ̤ѩ޺ʩչµ£ٶȱǰٿֹ
Ҫʱܸϵ·ֻ̣ҪʮӲܸϵ
ְǡٶٴ
ʱھ볽ԼĪʮĵطʮΧһȦиԳԼıУܵ˶š
ǵܣվ˳ʮߣһϷʵĿⶢűΧмʮˡ
˵ЩˣǹԵɣǣϵƽĻҲܵƤ֮ԲԣʱˣǻΪӵóȥ𣿡ΧУһǿ׳˵ˣڽǰǱǿƣ֪Ǹһ
ˣǲμҪĿľΪ˶ԼΪҪһƤ֮ͳԼͬ飬ΪǻнԺıҪôΧ˵УһЦһ˵
꿴ȥЩϤ֮ǰ볽ԼǶء
ض԰ɣͦθڵģϸҳʲôطҿ㱣֤һҵĵʦǰټ㣬ֱӽص࣬ô׳Ц˵
ƲƲ죬ллĺ⣬뻹ǲˣбµĻԼҵԣȻ󡭡ȻӦ֪ô
㡭
׳ɫһŭߣΪǳôԼĶԸЩϵӵĻΪҪһͷ룬϶ᵽöϵֱӷ·壬񶷵
жҲ֪ȴ֪ǾԲҷɢȥЩˣһ˵ԼܴܳԵģ
ˣ
ʦ֣ûҪٸˣְɡ
԰ʦ֣Щ˶ˣֱӵ·ȾˣǸҪ·ȥġ
׳ԵϵӶǿȥˣ׷׿ڡ
ã֡ǣȻʦġ
׳ֱ´ͬʱеıͬһֻͻ㣬سɱȥ
ǣϾҪϵˣټֵʱ䣬Ҫʵǿ˶
شһһжȥͲ׳֡
µصж˸־϶ƣǰѾ֣ǸͣĳطͷĹ㣬һּٶﱼж
Ȼ֪ϾҪϵǵͲȥϵӣβϵӹˡ
ϵӶУֻҪһһҪλ˶Է䣬ϵƽȥȻ˳սȦһǰ·塣
սһչ˫ֱӴˣµӿ򲻹ģһʱͶȥͲԷйײ
׳ǲͣȥ׷ءȻȴΪƻÿε׳Ҫʱı䷽λ
ֻǣرϾµӣҪ˳׳⣬ϵӣĽ׵ϵػƾݵ巴ӦѿһΣȴǱһ׵ϵӵ˹

ϵصľ벢Զֻвһףش߾ʱȭͷдһƷ֮ļ˹
ţ
ɫһ䣬ʱ㿪ֱֻ̧֮ȥֵ

ȻδȫһȭȻ޴صСϣҵĳȻԱ
أҿڻô㣿
δվȣһЦǰ
׳ȭʵĿУؿڡ
Ҫô
ȻʣȻǿɬЦЦȰܾ֣ܵõͦ졣
ֵܣһȭе˰
ؽʧܾʱһȻ


һֻ̣оһԼԴǰǴһ졣ǸԼƵǱӴܵǿ׳Ӱͬһ㣬ź˳ȥ
ء
׳ʱĳ죬ǸŴ
ˮò˼飬ֱ׳أ˲ŷӦ
ϵĶֹͣһĿȫ۵Ӱϡ
ԣǳԸϻˡôʱ
еϵӶʮ׵ϵڲԶأֻҪһ֣Ͼͻ֡
Ȼ˵ſȰ˽ߵʵϾһˡԺȴǳ˺üְذǰʮĸ֣ˡ
֣ʵǿҲùԹԽ
Щϵ˵ȻôѳԷȴǲҶ֡ղŵ׳Ȼǵذǰʮĸ֣ȴҲǴﵽ׵ĲΣȻˣȻڳ߲һС
ʵΨеذǰʮλ֣֮·ôһ˿Ŀܽܡң⻹ҪߵϲС
ԣôˣؿԣʱһϲµҲһϲΧ˹
ֻȻλµӣʵվڲԶڸղŶݵսУΪʵüϴ⣬ѾϵӸܣơ
΢΢һЦϵЦֻöϵӵƣǣҴŪȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬æѹϵӵʵͬѰҪǿöࡣʮϸ½ԺضӣʮϵʵǴﵽϣ׵ϵҲкüλرǣԺذǰʮĵӣλ
ۺʵǲÿԸ֮ЩԺӣĿֻǵΪ˻öʮöơ
ԣصƤ̲ס£ǰһͲѶԷһȺ˷ء
ˣصĿȻһط
ǱߣʮǰһĮ
λߵԺӷ׷ױãǵĿⶼǳһ˿η
ˣȻԺذĻ桢ߵƲԼʮΪȻ۷壬սȴֱ߽ߡֵĻ߽۷ǶԶһ
챻÷зĳԣ
Умǵذ棬ߵǵذƲұߵǵذʮ߽ԺһڣȻĮȴǴЩ䡣
ƲƲ죬ЦŻӦҾǸ챻÷зĳԡ
͡
⻰һΧ˽̲סһЦ
飬⳽ѹû˼ҷأʱ֡


47 
㡭
оԼˣɫʱЩǺ죬ͫȴ˸ŸŨı֮⣬ԵĻ֣̫ˣҶְɡ
濴һδ򳽻ԵԣҲ㶯֣Ϊ֪һ˲赲㡣֪ԺϵƣǷҪɣҲԲ˫ַϡҲ֪ʵ׶ǿҺʮϵӣΨŻĿܡԣֻԶˡ
ǺǣǾͲض˵ˣְɡ΢΢һЦ⣬ԱߵصǵһȥϢɡ
ãСĵ㡣Ӧһתµߵһ߹ۿǶ֪սֵܲġ
׼ս
ǰֻʣ³һˣȣһ̣ܹʮԺӿٷɢվһ뻡ΣɢһɹǿԪҲٳʰ뻡״νһֲνӳɹһɾҵѹȸУʱϯ
е͡
һĻĿⲻһ£ЩԺӣҲһǴڰڳƶԣԷɵĳһŽɢϢѹȡ
ԶصһȺµӣǽŵţȻмЩ룬ǿŻվͣȻľĸо
⻹̫˰صΪԽŵ֮ʣԵȴǹһĨȡ
ţ
վڰ뻡Ļ˿һĻĿ΢΢һ¡֮԰ڳ뻡ڶ֮ǰ볽ԶţƣȻʮһֶ֣ͬλܳԡ
ȴǲϣǵѹ£Ծͺûκθоһ㡣

ڴʱǺȻ֣Ե˫۾ⱬһʵʰľбһɳ޽򻪷ˡ
أ
ɫޱ䣬һ
ȡ˶Ŵȳϵƶʱǿһ֡
䣡
Ȼоľ޽ʱȴǸоͺһ̩ɽѹ£̩ɽΪǸû˿ֵء
ͣͣͣ
һȺѪʱ׵Ļ˿³ʮҲɫ԰ףҡҡ׹
⡭
һĻе˵۾ϴ󣬲š
һ񣬾ͽһȺɵ󷨸ɢɾһ׺ģ
Ż˽ɵ󷨣¾ǰ˽ߣܹӲɣ
ⲻܡԣ㵽ʹ˺ʵôݻٵǽɵ󷨣Ͳϵƣߺ޵سųԺ
׳գ
ȴǵƳһۣûػ򻪷棬ǲҿٸһγֵĻᡣ
ղһʹЩ۷ʵʹõǾϿȥȴ·ȫγɵĹ
ͣΨʦǿ߲ƿصĹֶΣþй֣Ҳֻʦǿ߷⻹ֻǵľǳھĹҪɻγɵͣΪס
ȻϵΪ׺ڣʵҸͿ͸ʵ͸һô򣿺ǺǣӮˣϲ㣡ĨϵѪҺɵһЦֱӱ̬ȡ
Ҳ
ȻԻػһԵǶȻȣһܣͬӰһųԳɱȥ
ȥ
ɲǼ䣬צ˳Եʺǰһߣٶȿ硣
ڳԣгԹߣΪǰ쳽ԻɱԺذھĽ˶˵һԺھţذʮԺӣֱӱֱԳԵԹޡ
Сġ
ؾһɫҲǾޱ䡣
̫ˣ
Բмһٶ죬ѾͻƵʦֻһ۱׿ƶ켣

̧ͬƤһ߳װǰߵСҵĳԳչĹҲȻֹסͬʱԼҲϺ״ź浹˳ȥ

˶Ŵ죬һš
ʲôʵ
в𣿡Ժһ΢飬Ͳȥһͬһ㵹ڵϵһԺϵӣûвģƶɡ
ı̬
һ䣬ǴӻԼ˳ҶˣƽɡǼһ̫̬ˣҾ͵߳ӵİɡ
Ҳֻ߳ӵġԱߵƲҲʶ࣬ܿͰƵ˳ԣȻϵҲȡ˳ԡ
԰еͳһ룬ԭȻõöܹʮö
ԣǽɻöơöɫ˹
Կһۣ΢΢һЦδȥӣǴʮöɫȡʮö𣬽ʮöݸأ˵ֻҪʮö㹻ˣܹʮöȥҰɡ
лˣ
Ҳ飬ӳϽӹǶʮöɫơ
ţʱʣ࣬Ҿȥһ·ˡЦһֱת·ķȥ
ˣĿꡣ
·ô֪ܷٴδ漣
ԣĿ⽻һϸųԵĽŲ·ķٱȥ
ߣҲȥؼ״ϵʮöƺҷһͨæȥ
ȫ𡭡⣬ôܣ
·ɽ֮ϣƵϺɫƣ϶ӿֳ˲˼֮ɫվǰʦ֣ô£ôͻȻͱˣӶûﵽ
ǺǣǻҪ𣿿϶ǳǼһﶯˡ۾ţȴǼء
󷨣ҲԹȻ˻ˣҲȫ֮£֮ǰͷ
Ȼ˿̣ڳԵϣȻӶδܼ֡
⡭Ѿȫķ롣
ѲɣǸһʵĴﵽ˾ŽߵĲΣ
˻
Ļش𣬺˶ǵһһʱ䶼ԻعĻȻǲɣƬ̺󣬹ƷЦߣܻܻΣʦҲͬһܻ֮ǡܹӢԺӣѵʰ
Ƴ˺һۣĿ⣬Եһ꣬ȣΪӦζԸԣ
֮ΪȵĿһȣɫصδ볽潻֣޷ȷʵΪ˱ûҪȫӭУ˿ȻԿģܾԼˡ


48 նɱ
ʦ֣̫߹Ǹ˰ɣΪ׺ڶѡҵǾãܹڶʱܻǣ϶ʹһЩа
Ƴ΢ƣڻǰȥʹаԣ
˵Ķʵһ׺ߣʵٸܸߵȥԴȣƾûԴôˡ
ǲˡüͷǾﾲȺɣҪ񶷵ıؾ֮·˷嶥֮˾һкϻʵΣǶҪһ˿ᡣ
˶ǵͷ
˶٣۾΢΢Ҳɭʵһ㣬ȣװˣסһҪһЩƣʱҾıɱӢԺӣֱӽնɱȻлĻһʩչǬֵġ
ȵͷʦַģ֪ô
ţҲ֪˰ɣ
֪ˡҲŵͷ
ǱǽĿһɽ·ȴųԵĵ
ʱֵȴлȥԼĪʱ֮ǵǰһɫһۿɼٶȼٷŴţ߷ɱ
ÿٶȣ
һĻڵӢԺӣһ¡
֪ٶȺܲû뵽ȻĻҪ죬ϣսУҲʧȻû۾ţϹһ˿Ȥӡ
еɱ˸һ֮󣬱
ڵŴ󣬳ԵӰֶܿ
湻ģȻôʱ䣬ھʣ²һˡʮӻˣӦ㹻ˡҪץʱ䡣
ɽĳԿٿһСɽΪ˲ñ˿ٶȣֻǱ˿߽ͨߵٶȣֱ˦ЩϵӺŽٶȼӿ죬ҲֻǱھŽ׳ߵĲΡ
ȫתټ̤ѩ޺۵ٶѾܹȫֱʦǿߣŽ۷ߣ⡣
ֻʱԼеƶ¶룬Щǰ¶
ֻһֶӣٶ׸ߵ·嶥
ǸλõˡһϷ嶥ԱǶǰЦ˵ǲ֪ˣΪǺѡ
ȷǾõˣǰˡǺǣھʣ²ʮӣ֪ԼǷأǵĵһţ΢΢һЦ᳽Ե̬ȡ
Եͷȷʣ²ʮˡԣ뼸λ˵ϻֱӶְɡ
ʦ֣ЩϵҪϵ뻹ҪӡվĹƺȻѹ˵
ǰϺڵʧһֱڣϵǾҪϵҲҪʮӡ
˵ͷһ֮⣬ȻôҵҪ㾿ûı¡
Ȼֱ˶ˡղŹƵȻͣԾεǿԷһֲ©ı˽ȥһЦԵǾɡ
ϣ
£е齣ֱӳʣ˸󺮹⡣
һ֣
һγеɫɱ򳽻ԡ
˽۷Ԫ˲ɢͬˮųԹȥ𻪷ֽ˶ٵƣ̩ͬɽѹ򳽻ԡ
ţ
һ̣Ǿط֣ԼɢƣԳԾȻû˿ЧܿͻָƽЦһɫĹâͬһֻߵش˳ԡ
ԣ˽һһҶԳչ׺Ĺ

е齣Ȼ̳ڰл뻡׼صֵס˽ߵǿ
ŵŵŵš
˱Ͼǰ˽ߣȻԽ乥⣬Ϊ׺ڣۻԪ£Եζʱˡڼ䣬ɫû˿Ĳóûܵ˿˺
һˣ֮ľǱЩ
ߣ˵һ˽־֪ܣû뵽ڻûҽ־ͿʼˣһţýġŲӿ죬гȻһɾҲۻԪÿռ΢΢
ҪǾסԣǼ˲һֶԳչɱ
óٶȣٶȻΨаղסԡ
ȻʱչֳٶȣǱҪһ˿ʹΪջ޷סԣǺ̸ɱ
óľٶȣҿûӡǾӢԺӲǸôôһµӶƷˣǶԹװӣǽȴٴμ٣һȥǸͨ񶷵ɫռ䡣
Ժ²УʮǰƵͨ·壬ʮûκһܹ·ͨ˻˶ʮöϵӵƣԾӢԺʱȻǱŽһ롣
һϣͨ·塣һ˿ŭչֳٶȣʹȫ׷ϣգǾһ֡
֣ǾŽ۷ߣԿһ
Ȼ˿̣չֳԶԶԽٶȣֱɫռȥһóԳ˽ȥǾӢԺ棬ɾȫˡ
һµӵǵͨ·壬ҰȻ̤ɫռ䣬ķˣ˽ûټԺȥ
Ժûܹ²УŶʮöƻص񶷵ʮǰ򽣣Ҳ͵͵˹ȥ
Сӣڻ֧ŶáƼ״ЦһһųԷ˶ȥ
ȻԺ֮Щ룬볽ԵľȴôԶһ˹ȥ˲˳Բ״еĳǹźƷ糤߰βɨ
ӣȹһ˵һЦǹۿžҪ䵽Եϡ
Ȼٶȿ죬һйüʱԿ϶δһʱ䷢֣һ֮£㲻ҲҪˡ
ڳһĻüͷһһɲõĸоڶæСġ
ݡ
ȻŸո£ǰӻȻͣ¡е齣̳һֱ𵴿˹ƵĳǹȥƲ綾һ˹Ƶؿڡ
ʲô
ɫȻһ䣬æٿԪ嵱У͵һԶ
͡
ȻҪ֮齣ȻļϻһĿӣ˿˿Ѫ
ɱ
ôһ飬ڵ˽߶ʱɱֱĸɱ

ٶȶȻӣһգۼ䣬ͬȰ׿⣬ɶ˵ֹ
ٶôô죿
Ⱦһϳ˲˼飬ڸղһ˲䣬Ծͺ˳һ㣬Ӱ˿գۼ͵⣬һʱӦ


49 辫ӢԺ
Ҳüͷһվǰĳԣֿһ۳ɫռ䣬ʵٶȣҪǵ׷أֱӷ񶷵ӦòѰɣΪλҪ
ǺǣղƺиЩûϵҸΪߵð𣿡ɨһ۹һۣЦЦ˵֪ʲô֣֮кԩ𣿡
ߣɱλܣնϽĳһֱۣ˵֮кԩȻԿٶȷ񶷵Ҹ㣬ҪΪԼ鸶ۡƸͲ³ԣֱǰ̤һɫ
ڵΪҲﵽ߽۷壬ʱͻƵ˽סԺĵλǻˮǴߣͲõĳԻᱨ
ΨһŭǣԵٶȾȻô죬¾ͨľŽ߶ԶԶ֮ϰɡ
ԭǸƣһ£ʡҲٹˡԺȻЦ۾ҲΪЦ˵һ῿ٶȰǣ񶷵ô
ɫһ䣺㣿
Ǻǣ˸ǣҸղֻȡʮöƣڻǷȱöءλ֪ϵƿɷһ£ʼ磬еĻȻѯ˼ȴǴһֵĮֻڲ¶ûκ塣
ŭһ룡ΪٶȿͿԻǣҿֱ
촽еɱ⣬֪ɱұ𣬲˭ɲ˵ġ
ʦְ֣ɣٲЩӾҪϵˡֻʮöƣ϶ôķ񶷵ġһԵ
ٶȺܿ죬쵽˾֣޷סͲ˷ǱӢԺȺ֪ұһµӲûκηӦ϶ᱻЦųԣκǿںȵȫ֣ϵʱ
ھҲʣʮӵӡ

վԵ˽ߣͬӰֱ򳽻ԣԲȻǰ˽ߣԽٶʩչǵĹû䵽Եϡ
Դˣ˿÷ŭҲֵôȥǶ˼˵ȫ֣ҪĿĻסԷ
ʦ֣
ɫ΢䣬óԳԵ̬ѾЩ仯ȫû֮ǰıɱ֮ˣϡ
Ǻǣȳ񶷿ռ䣬Ժеǻᣬ㼱ʲôػһгһҲǼսȦ
쵰мҪŭƻʱ䣬ΪľǴ˿ܹΧɱԣȴǲȻʱı⣬ʼδġ
ߣȻǰҲסȫԼ
ŴսȦĳԣһɱ¶
ųǹƻԡ
ʱ򳽻Է·ȫ˲û˿Ļᡣ
ʱ򣡡
սȦ⻺ǰ߶죬һ˫۾ųԣֳʩչһ׽ϵϢЩȻĿʱƶΣȻӿ졣гǹͬߣֱؿڱϮȥ

ǹһ̶Ʒת˲볽Եľֻʣ²һס
ˣ
һĻǴһź漲ˡ
˼״ᣬæˡ
ǵĿĺܼ򵥣󳽻ûڹǹ£Ƕûϵɱ˵Ĳǡ

Ҳˣǹֱ򳽻Եؿڡһ̣Ƶ֮ɫţ᳤ǹ˳Ե󣬸ΰֱ·壬ˤǡ
ȻΪǹһ̱Ҫ볽ԵؿʱȴǺȻֳԵĿȻ̧Ȼ¶һɾЦݡ
ʲô
ɫޱ䣬˹ƵģͷӦһ̣ǸɾЦݣбЦݻҪɲ
ݡ
һεԳԵбͬ͸˹ƵԺ˸顣
±Ͷ̥ԣÿ˶Ͽȥǰ򵥵ġʶȫʧ֮ǰƮƮҲԺ
ôܣ
Ǹոջɱ򳽻ԵĹƺȻ£һ䣬κˡ
һ߽۷ߣȻôһգ۵ĹĪնɱˣ
ǿǷ֣еĳûһ¡
񣿡оͬʱȻ˳Ե۾뵽Լʩչѹȸûһ˿ЧȻͷƤĸо
ʦ꣬ôܣ
뵽Ǹܣжʱ캧ˣȻǿеѹסԼԼƽ
ʮ겻ʦǿߣԲܡΪĴﵽʦΣ϶ȥɱ֮ǰûκɿ˼ܳϾʲôܣȴֱȷԾԲʦǿߡ
Բ֪ԼǲʦǿߣߵƵԣĻҳһɫơ𣬳ˣλҿǻǼְɣʱҲʣˣΪĿƣֻƴһˡ

Ȼղɵؾ;ס˳ԣ˴˿ȴȫû˸ղŵĵǿۿʵ˶ٵĹƣգ۵ĹͱĪɱ
ܹɱƣΪξͲɱǣ
һ̣˸ͲһػǽĿ
Ƕʱ鴤ȻЦԣ֪ɱһӢԺӣܵطǿɲܳܵİ
˭ɱˣһ߷ʣһЦ¶Ÿɾݡ

Ȼ˿Цݣȴֱĸо
ȻǶûǵҲüˡλְɡ齣һһȥ
ɫһҧҧ̧𳤽ֱָԣԣ㲻Ҫ̫
ЦĸþӢԺİ˽ߣҲǸոսԺµӣΪ׶δﵽʲô۸ǣԴЦ˵ĿⶸȻһҾ۸ôˡ

һ䣬ԵӰ˲仯һӰʧԭء
Сģɫһ䣬һ
žžžž
ȻλȴȴǶȻϴһʹĵͬһʱ
λ֪˵ûСһ̣ԵӰǳǰ治һ״ǲ᲻صҲ˵Ķ
ʱ˽գŨŨķߺ֮ɫ


50 ʦ
ΪڸղţԾȻǹȰٶȣ˵˦һơ
Ȼ󣬵裬ȴ
ǽΪ侲ȣҲͬضųԡ
˵ı飬ЩʧҡҡͷȻ΢΢ԶڵѶϵĹƣδѰ֪ǲԶѲˡ
ԣҡһ
תֱҸһǲң
㣡ͷһȻղųԶԹƳʱƺûһ˿ԥǵȹϵɱ֮ģͲһͨӵеġ
ޣٸʱ䣬ǻѵĻҾ͵ԶѲˡ
ԡ
һ


۾һУɱ¶
ס֣Ȼδ֣ȴǼʵشӻͳԼơ
붯֣ļ䲻Ըݳ裬ԶǹƵʬ壬ȴһ˿ǡһ˿ǣѡ˲ȥ֡
ϲ㣬ˡԵһЦӹƣĿˣأ
ҧҧڳĿѹ£Ǵӻͳƣݸԡ˼״ҲǸæȡݸԡ
һһƳһ۲ԶĹƣ˭֪ô𣿡
֪˼Ϊε˵
ԵһЦ֪кܱܲһҪǣÿ˶Ͽȥǰ򵥵ġҲ̫ӡ
Ҳ֪ԼղʹþɱƣѾ˲롣ֻΪԼԪΪʵ̫ǲŲôȷ
˵ھȷͻƵʦĲΣʱ鱻÷зȻԼԻܿΪһԵĽ㡣룬ҲҪԼõԪԪΪ߽˵
ܹ׻ˣҪһ㻹ΪΪδﵽŽףǴﵽ˾ŽףƾžŽߵľԼԪۺԻȻܹɱԲ˼򵥡
ʱ·Ѿ½½һӰԺеĵӡЩٶȶ죬ȻûгǰֲҲʩչ˼ޡûӣǱһڷ嶥档
嶥ϵΣЩԺӣһŴ۾𶯡رǵǿԶǵڵϣԵĹƣǹ֮⣬˲û˾
и߸ϵľӢԺӣʱȴһɥ֮ȮǷϵվһԡ
漣ıˣ
ûɣŹȥʱ䣬ӢԺĵӾôˣһһ
ҪˣԺǶҪˡǾȻôһš
ӢԺӰǿǾӢԺĵӰô˵ͽˣ
ЩԺӵȻѹţʱ嶥ϵ̰ǣȴǾۺߣǵ
ߣ
ɫ˵һˣ̧ŹƵʬ壬ɫռȥܿʧ񶷿ռ䡣
ۼʧЩԺرĵǣһּȾη뼤ĿųԡʱǺ뿪ʳԾһеģ뵽ݣȴǸͲҿڡ
ǺǣҲôңݺһԺӣҶʦֵܣԺҶһ໥հɡ
Դ¶аейһ֮󣬳Ծ͸оԼĵ˺ö࣬ǰǰѹ֡ΪصĶʦꡣȻԺûд೤ʱ䣬ô˵ǰЩˣʼôһ˿ͬꡣ
̫˵˰ɣһ㶼ûǿ߸еļӡԵĻӶʱͼҪΧ
״æϾҪȻ񶷵ɣλʦڵȺء
ԶԶԣʦֵģȻ񶷵ʦֻҪȥǴӳʮǰ򽣵ʦùһεĹھԪء
Щ˵ţɫռȥڵĳԣµҲãϵҲãжǼȵľη
ܹƾһ֮ӢԺӣʵݲǲȥη
֮ǰȻҲԳžηʱǡһһššȴǵǿߡ
ǵĿУٲȻһǿߡ
һһǱ޵ǿߡ
ԪôǸͻ˰һ˿ڴҲɫռȥ
ʦ治ȥ
ԺһŵķڣϥڴϵߣЩεʵ
߿ȥϡϿµĺۼŵ۾û˿ɣܵԪȴΪнزţȫס
򽣣˵ģ϶ųΪʦ츳ܹסģγɳǶҪȥˣֻŻøߵƽȴ·ĳħһ㣬ǳڴĿ⣬Ҳ
ʦʦô𣿡Ƭ̣ʵ
ɫصʦĿ£ЩʦΪδﵽ߿ġųΪʦǱһ˳ȥǳصĸֿ϶취ӿǳصĸֶ֣Ǹʱ򣬳Կɾ൱ΣˡǲҪ̫ˣҪע⵽ԪΪﵽʦ֮ǰҪǳصע⵽
ܱ߼еʵǼǿӿУȴǵ׵ĴڡӿһٶʮǳأдĳǳŴʦǿҲֻЩƫԶشĳǳأֻʦǿһЩСĳǳأһʦûУֻȼŽ۷ߡ
ӿо൱һٶʮǳȻӿȴǴδֹͣзǳسԻΪʸ֮ģλĽֻһӿʵ㹻ٻع飬ΣʱɱΣա
츳ʵ̫죬ӿΪӣҲͬΣءΪӿһţڲҲǾңŵӱдɱ
ִɱȻʵҲֻѪıԵشſɳ
ʦ⾫ʦô£ɻʵջ״ְҵ֣Ͳ˵
Ҫ֪λʦǵһ֣ԺԺʦǿ߳ɽʶһ󣿵ΪĹŵӣȴһְҵֶδ˵
ɽƤ΢΢ϵĿŨŨͳ羴֮ɫʦ½Ϊصһְҵǵǿ󡣾˵͵ȵĻƽ׾ʦҲԺɨκһʦǿߡ


51 ڵ
ƽ׾ʦǿľʦأʲô𣿡׷ʵ
ɽʦȽɵ͵߷ֱ𻮷Ϊƽס̽סססϽףҲ֪Ϊ˻֣ԴӾʦְҵһ֣Ƚ׵ĻƾʹδıǵʵȽ׷ֱӦʦʦʦʦʦͬ׵£ͨ߸ǵĶ֡
˻ʦȻô£̲ס¶ݡ
ɽ£˸еµģɲǱϵЩʵ
ʲô
ʦ˸еµǣǿԲٿޣȫǵʹǵľԽǿܲٿصԽࡣ뿴һʦһƽ׾ʦսԷֱٻֻһ׵㻹ʲôȥ˼Ҵ򣿡
ٿޣǵһ˵ϾΪʮǰԺһŵжʱһĨ⣬Ȼܿ죬ĨȻɢ
ȻʮǰǵһţȴǳΪ˷̸Ľա
һʮԪ߽ͣ׳ڣֻ֪Ľա
򽣣Ҳ˾ǸԲͬ죬ųΪʦǱʡΪ˾ʦ˵ܰ޸ľء򽣵飬ɽҲΪΣֻȰ
ʮǰҲӵע˼
סЦЦ⣬ղһʱ˸С˻ᣬ򽣺ȻʦԵǸọ́Ѿŵʦֵ£ʦֶʱ̵
ţʦΪѾﵽŽ۷壬һƿУʱ̵ǸŮҲһ¡

ȻѾȥʱ񶷵еȻǾصȴš
رʱ仺ȥǰɫռĿ⣬ҲԵøڴ
ʱϾҪˣҲóɣ׾ǰȥԵΪ򶨣ȴǳޱȵΡ
Ժʵ̫Ҫٵһǿĵˣٳٳٲһλ֣ǼȥΪͣǰΪǳصǳء
ʦɹ𣿡ۿСʱԵһԺʦЩŵʵ
ָĳɹȻǳܹŶʮöϵӵƣͨӢԺӵţȻ񶷵
⼸ʦĻǽĿͶס
ͬǼΪźΣǾƽҲ֪ܷɹ֪϶ᾡΪⳡΪԼμӵġ
Ըܳɹɡ
˵仰ױǲټ˵ȥǽĿǰɫռ䡣
⼸ʦҲΣɫռ䣬ȴ
͡
ǵֵȴδ೤ʱ䣬ɫǺȻ䶯ĵӰ߳
˴񶷿ռ䷵أ񶷵ԭΪķΧʱóװ
ǵǿ˴񶷿ռ߳ĵӰʱǾ
ȻǾӢԺʦ֣ʦ֡⡭ǿɶǰ˽߰ʦָǾŽ߽һĸ֣ھӢԺжû뵽·ˣȻǣǳԸûκϣͨ˰
ԣ㿴ʦּϵġǹʦ֣ˣ
ô£еôˣĻǾӢԺĹʦ֡Ҳ߽۷ߵΪ
ʦǵӺͦǱģǡǲİ˰ɣôܣ
ϵرһǵУǳһŵɫʡ
ȵȻûнӴЩǵĴȴ˵٣ʵȻǰ˽۷壬һľŽ߶ܹˣʵҲ쵼Ļ¾ǾŽ۷߶ܹͨ·ɡ
ǱӣٿͬȫɥʧĹơ
˶ʶؽ
͡
׿Ŵ񶷿ռ߳ˣһ󣬾ҪѯʣʱɫռУȴٶ߳һӰ
ӰԽԽ࣬ԭȵʮµӣһϵӡ
ϵӵݣԺذʮеƲеĻ棿ʮ߸˶ϵߡһε˫ʵҲ̫˰ɣһϵӾ
ʼǰϵӶȽ񶷿ռ׼ȣЩϵӽ񶷿ռ䣬ȴǺ֪֮ǰЩǸǲ˿̼ϵӵʵǶʱһ
µг˳֮⣬ƺеʵĽ׳߰ɣʵ⣬ô
ԣأ
˵Ժжð֣ǵĿʱۼһ˵ϣǴ񶷿ռл߳ĳԡ
ʱŶʮöɫƣϹ΢΢Ц⣬ֱߵǰʦûʧɣ
úܺá
״ӳԵнӹʮöƣû֣ȥ֮ʱ˫ֶ΢΢Щڴ˿̣ǹƵȻҲֱӱʱˡ
ףļλʦҲһضųϵĶʮöơ
һĻѾʮδˡ
һΣԱʮǰ򽣣ʤһǱ߳񶷿ռ䣬˴Ǳ߳񶷿ռģȴǾӢԺĵӡ
ӢԺӣŰ˽ߵʵһλۺʵͨŽ߶ٵ
СӣҾ֪㲻ʧ
ʱһˬʵĴЦҲԴǼӰų
޴磡ˣԻϲؽһͬʱԵĳ̣Щɻʵô޴һ𣿡
磬ѾΪʦĹŵˡ̵˼֮ɫ磬ף㡣
һֱεģǳܹ񳽼ҫ˿̿Եı֣ѾȷԲ񳽼ҵҫһóǵĵλһ¥
Ӧġ΢΢һЦ
ǳ԰ɣǳ̵ĵʦ򡣡ԵųԴк͵ųԣܲϣڽ·ܹŬ۽ҲŸߵ㡣
򵥣ȴذء
ڳ˵ⷬȻǶġ
΢΢һЦллʦһŬġԺҲϣչˡ
ǺǣѾͷܿ̿࣬ԲĳɾͲҲ١ԼԳ̵Ŀ֮ʡ
ʱ̨µ˿ų̳ѾٶȾ
˿޳̣ǱǱ˳ĿеĵλԲͣ϶Ὣ̵ͨӶԴһóңٴһλŽߡ
һһλżǱľŽ׸֡λŽ׸ȫͬΪԺΪ֮һȻųȾŽ߻ҪһǱ


52 һͻ
ֻһЩ˼άȽݵĵӣǷֺ볽Խ̸Ȼָ֮ʣȴȫһԵȵǵбٴһ¡
һλųʦǱʵľŽ׸ְ
޵ʦʦҲˡЦ߹
ʦˡȻԺĵӣԴλԺؼʦΪġ
ҡҡͷ൹ûУУȴǷ˵⡣
˵ţָָվԱ߲ԶˣԼŵĹơ
һĻ˵Ƕ̲ס鴤˼¡ôãڼ
ô£üͷʵ
΢΢ǰһʦ֮ǰ·ʱ⹨Թ˽ΪɱܣʹϾӢԺλʦ֣ҽֹʦֲδжŭ֮£ȻʩչеʱͻȻ߻ħС
˵ͬʱһԵˣƽʵλʦ֣֪˵ÿɷʵ
ֻ΢΢һ£ǵͷ˵ʦ˵ȫʵʩչ˾֮ͻȻ߻ħģʱʦɵؾ͵ֵס˹ƵľС֮󣬳ʦĸ˽֣ȻĸѾǾӢԺĵӣͲǳʦܵĶ֣ٶȫչ£½ǶҿʦܵʵѾȫԱ⾫ӢԺǰʮʦˡ
⻰˵νһأһûΥԵԸ˹ƵûϵֲʵǿܶԸ󣬸ֱӰѳԺ;ӢԺĸֶԱôһͻѸܵӢԺǰʮֵĹעԳ˵ɲʲô¡
ܹ뾫ӢԺĵӣһžŽߵʵܹǰʮģΪĶﵽ˾Žߡ
˶ϣԿ϶ٲһ鷳
˻
׶Եʵ̨µӣжʱ¶˲˼ɫ
֮ǰҲնϽĳλ˽ֱۣԼʩչǿ˽ҴλŽߡ
ڣʵȻٶѾֱƾӢԺǰʮĸ֣
ʵ¾ǽҵһ֣λžŽʵļ֣ҲܻĶ˰ɡ
ǼǺҰ˼ԺҲȥᣬֻҪ˾ԪŰڶʱ߽ߡ
һΪ߽ߣǿʦľ˵ͨľŽߣǾŽ۷ߣһս
߽˽׾ŽͬΪ߽ߣΪ߽˽׾Ž֮Ĳȴô
ǱΪ˽ߺ;ŽߣѾʹþսڼʩչԻγһֲֿսʶһ˽ߣͬʱԶ߽ߣԻʤ
ǰȴȫһֻҪԪܹ߽׵ĲΣʦ£ԾԻᴦһܵĲΡ룬ǻûڡ
Ȼ߻ħҲеıӦߡȻͼкͬԺʦܣ๼Į˵ڹǸңͲС
ҲһĵĮڽͬߣһ׵ȻѾˣڱ㿪ʼΰɡ
ڳ߳񶷿ռ󣬾Ժʦõƽйһͳƣ׵Ļʦ㽫һƤֽݸ
ӹƤֽ׿һ飬ֱϳڣܹҲ;µӷֵϵӵơ
ԣɱǳԡ

׸ո֣ǷԼ·һŮıһɫš
̧ͷɿһض
ԣʲô𣿡ʶؼнһ¾ջɻʵ
û°
Ҹ
ǻ˶ʮöƵĹھ
֪
֪ѾԪң
ҡĳԵĳ嶯
Աߵ򽣺ͺԼĵʦҲεҡͷЦ
ȥɣ״ӻȡһµİɫСƿݸ˳ԣոǸǧȥŮԵӣȻŻ˼ҵġ
ԽӹɫСƿٺһЦⲻеȲ
򽣣Ե޴磬Ժ䣬ɷһã
Ժ䣬û뵽ﾹȻô㡣Цһȴʼڴ֪ԵõԪ϶ȲҪȥչڳԵΪѾ׺ڣõû˵Ժһһٴﵽ۷ĲΡ
˵ţ򽣱Լ׶˴˸к볽Ժȥ
Ŷ뿪ıӰڶĵһǳĽ뾴ηԪΪ׺ھôˣͻһ£ֽεȵһΡ
ߣĸ֣ܿͻȥġʱҵҪǷ汾¡ų߳񶷵۾΢΢һ¡

޴磬죬Ҫ鷳һˡªķ䵱УԶЦ˵
򽣰˰֣뿴Ĳҿ㿿žԪΪʲôΡ
Եͷһᾡġ
ţ㰲֮ǰ㡣˵꣬߳˷䡣
뿪ڴϥ£ó˰ɫСƿڵһˡ
ԪƷʻͦİǷݣ¾ǵڵ϶û˻ɡ
ӰɫСƿеһŻװԲεҩüͷȴ΢΢һ£ܿɿҸͲȥЩֻҪܹʵǵҩ׾Σ
Ҳȥ룬ȻԣԪ㲻ʲô£ôһ׾ӵľԪȴò֣ضԴ
ʼɣ
ԪУһȥԵ۾ҲŽ

Ԫһ븹һۻ̵ͬĺˮ¡¡ĳˢҵسڲƷҪǸݻһ㡣
ҵĳȴδó˿ʣ΢Щϲ⡣
žԪȻ׾ӣ̲صԪûһ˿ʣ˺׶ˡ
ͻȻӿֳĿоæȥɰ羫Ԫ
ȻԪΪۺ񣬼ۺ񵽾߽ҪȫնҪһʱ䣬Ȼȴ㹻Ը̵ʱ佫ȫա
ǻų׵ôһ޴ƿڣðʱԪȫյ
顭
ĵͬɰٴھĲٿ£ԪɢԪȫڡ
ϵϢҲһۿɲĻٶȣš
Ȼƴ󣬵ȴһû̫෱ӵḶ́ԴʱΨһҪģֻԾԪ뵤


53 ɱ
ʱ仺ȥһͷ󣬳ϵϢһأͻ׺ڣﵽ۷塣
۷ô⻹ԶԶҷͻưɡ
ŭһȫӶȥɢڵܵľԪ
䡭
ۻԪͬһ㣬һһڳţ֮ԪҲǲϵŵۣӶڡ
һ̣ϵرظţʱҲš
֪˶ãڵڵԪﵽһǷʱ䣬ԭŵԪȻһ˿˿ɫ¶ЩԸΪ͵̬ҵĳ
꣡
ĵУһĤƣһ΢
䣡
һ̣ɢϢȻȥ
ף
ʮʱԵԪǴ׺ڣͻƵ׳ڡ
δôͣΪʱڣٻһԪδȫս뵤
ͻưɡ
ţűǿʼԪ
ѾͻƵףڵԪʣһ룬ȫ֮գԿԽԪΪ۷塣
Ȼ廹Ǻǿ߽׵Ԫû˿ġľҲԶԶԪΪԪΪֻҪ̫ǿھĿƷΧڣͿԵԪڷԪ顣
һΣԪĹһƽûܵ˿裬Ҳ˺ЩʱŽԪΪ۷ĲΡ
۷ˣһĳˡ
Ի۾ǴϽǿŲԪȡ˳˸һɾ⡣
֪ӥΪﵽʲôˣûгɹͻƵס
ԺһӰӣЦЦû˿ԥԪУֱ¡

Ԫһ븹ǻΪһɹɰĺԪӿݡ
غԼܷһͻƵ߽ߣԲ˿Ĵ⡣Ȼǰ߽ߵľ飬Ͼܱ֤ܹɹȻĻͻ֮ʱþʲôȫˣֱͻ֮ǰѵۣȥֵ㾭񲻸ã
Ԫ̲صԪôҪ뵤ԭԪȫںϣҪĵʱС
յһŲԪʱգٲԪںϡһҪ߽ߣҪԪޱȾ
ûȥ˼רĵĿƾԪԪ뵤뵤ԭеԪ໥ںϡ
ľѾﵽʦΣһĵʱ䣬ҲǴΪ٣ʱԭôԪȫþû˿ʡ֮䣬ȫں
ԵڵԪ˿Ҳ͵˼㣬·ʱὫȫơ
ƶȻҪƣǾưɡ
һ״йһξĳԲδýţӴȽг

ųԽԽңڵԪǷһƵ죬·űһ㡣ֻߵȴȫͬһ࣬һǳơ
ͻô
ŵȫɢȥתΪɫԪֳһϲ⣬˫۶Ȼз·ŵâΪĿ
Уǹ͸ѾȫʧתΪޱȵɣԸо˶·Ҫһ㡣
ͻ֮󣬳ԱǺܺõý߽߷ӵеϢ
һ߽ڸոͻʱ޷ĿϢȻʦĳȴ
ȻͻˣȻŲٵԪڣȻʱ佫˰ɡԲδŽǼڵĲԪ
һžԪһŲԪ̲صԪͻƵ߽ߵĲΣȻδȫա
ʵԳ˽Ԫ뵤⣬ԽϴʳԪʱǻһСֵԪδȫ뵤
ҹɫȥһԣڴء
ϡ
ɭеĳһһֻ߶ȳߵӰӶȻĴ³򣬷һҵıǱطʡ
𡭡
·һѨкȻڳһֻ߹ɣͨɫͬţޣֻ޳ŷҹյӰӷһŭϣһɼֲĿҰϢ
ϢѰ߽µ޸޷ֵ
ϡ
δȫУǵǱӰչɳĿﲻʱط΢ı
¸ͬźâĵצ
ֻʱǵצµĸȴһطȫȥ
ϡ
Ŀһ£ӰӶǰδȫɢϢɳ۶ȥ
Ƿ򣬱ǾﲢûжԶģǡ
ţôЩ
ͻƲõĳͻȻͣ˫ۣüͷҲڴʱȻĪЩ
ѵǷʲô£ᰡԺһǸźʦܻ¡˼Ƭ̣벻ᷢ£ֻҡͷЩΪ˾Ϊ̫˰ɡ
˵꣬ԱǱ۾
ȻѾͻƵ߽ߣڵԪδȫȶһĲԪһЩԪȫգΪ˵ٶһЩ
ϣ
ֻδ̫ʱ䣬һٵӥ֮Ȼƿմ
ȥ˵ػвپ룬ʱ磬δȻԶȻش˳ԵĶС
ӥ֣ӥֵӥˣԵ˫۶ȻڸղǵӥУܵԵʹ֮
ݣ
£û˿ԥͬʸһ㣬ܳӡ
ԣϲɹͻŶԺ⣬վ۾ЦףأֻǵܵǱҪǿöϢǾϲɫʱΪŨŨ𾪣Ǿ߽סԣͻƵ߽ˣ۷壿
޴磬ʵڱǸûʱ㽲ôࡣұҪϳһΡԸûʱ򽣿ףǽ֮ɫ
Ȼӥദʱ䲻ȴǽӥѿӥˣĵ̣϶ΣޱȣҪǰȥΪѡ
ô£ѯʵ
ղǵӥ˰ɣҵѡ޴磬ˣ˵䣬ѾûٵȥֱԺ䣬ȥ
ղǵӥХޱȣ϶Ѱޣû뵽޾ȻǳԵѡųȥıӰЩȵţֻǺܿ죬ɫͻȻһ䣬ã̤ؽ磬ԻܵĹ
뵽Ҳæų׷˳ȥ
һ·ϣԽ̤ѩ޺ʩչ£ȫԪ뾫ȫʩչû˿ıʱٶȣѾԽߵķ룬ﵽ˿ΪͨʦΡ


54 зɱ
ȻͨʦԺԺԺκһӣǵʦ˵һ𺳵顣

ͬһӰ㣬ĵ·ϴ
ףղ˴Աܹ㿴˭𣿡
㿴˰ɣղһ紵
ܣղԿһӰԱֻܹΪٶ̫죬ûӶѡ
ԺУڵ·ϵĵӣͻȻתԶ徻䳡ϣĻƲҲͣ
ʦ֣㿴˸ղ˭ѵԺĳϹŶϴӢԺʦ˵ԺԺ֮⣬ʦǿء
ԺϹŶȴҡͷϣŨŨţȻҲԸţҲò㣬ûĻղǵӰһͽǸĳԡ
ԣⲻܣ׺ڵΪõ˾ԪҲֻͻƵ۷塣ңŹȥһ죬ôܾͽԪȫգƲҡͷϡ
ֻǵһЦƲһؿʵϣʲôǲܵģ
⡭
㻹ţŹȥ֪ˡ


ǾʲôطԵٶȶûмһ˿𶯣ġ
Ȼû˿ӣһλʦǿߵԺκһӷ񡣵£һһĵӽǶųԵķ׷ȥ
ϡ
ʱһΪʹӥٶƿϮ
ӥУһŭ
ȻѾܳԺ⻹Ų·̣ҲŰڰӵʱϵ⣬һ̳ԵվЩġ
𣡡
ԵеԪڵӴĿ£һҰХб
ǿҵ÷ԲڵȺɲǼʧ״̬Хһֱװٶȴһǵÿһը졣
ϡ
ԵХո£ӥ֮ǺӦֻΣȴǶ˲ٵϲãʹŭ֮⣬Ȼǻ֮ȥ
ݡ
󲻵ʱ䣬һ޴Ӱӣڳǰǧĸ߿ա
Ӱӳչɣ£ֻλεĵצ˸ɭĺ⡣
볽Էָյӥ
ӥ֣
һΧѾۼ˳ɰǧȺΨʦǿ߷ӵеĿֲϢȫͷſ
ϣ
·ͷųϢӥһĽֱӶ
ޣӥ޿ҿ
ۼӥΧΧ۵Ⱥʱ¶ݣæ˱ܵʮ֮⡣
ӥ֣
ʱӥҲѾ˳Եǰߴ˽ߵӥȴǸ˲Ϊʱӥϣǲ˺ۡ
ָۡۡ˺۱ȱȽǣĳ棬һ֧¼ͷļʸ
Ѫӥϲסµ䡣
ϣ
Ȼӥȴ·δһ㣬ųֻǷһĽ
ָоͺʧɢٶȻۣеԹߣͳͳʧ
ӥ֣
˾ע֮£ǰһֱ§סӥӡ
䡭
ʱһ󼱴ĽŲֵĲԶ
̧Ŀȥǿϰɫ׵ĳɱڵر
ǳʵģմȾ˿˿ѪĵԼǰŵģĳ߳µĳǸո̧Ŀ⣬ʱóޱȣһɿֲɱ
ӥദʱ䲻ػһûѣӥѡ
ۿһȺһ۾ȷӥ˵ˣرǰ٣ӥϵļʸʮа˾žġ
Ȼัͳ죬û뵽龹Ȼˡ
ѹֻˣͳǿǾŽߣҾ˵ͬ׵û֣žŽ۷ʵˣҲֻǱǿһ
Ȼͳǳ˵׵ܵܣ˭ǿʦǿ߰
Ǹôȥô죬ǡˣǳԣҵǸﳽԡ
Χ˶ָ㣬һѳԵݾ˵Ŀʱۼϡ
ȻǳԣղչֳʵôǿǵٶҼֱǼδƺŽ߶Ȳϰɣ
кϷˣֻ޺Ļ飬˵ղڳɱ˺üҪɱйء

˭ֻ޽ǴãȻĻҲ
ĸߴֳֳһֻһֻ˸źâļʸȥݡ
ºһӳʱɢеĹϣ׼Ժӥȥʱᶯ֡
ϣ
ӥŭһһŭϵƶʱܵǣѪ
ӥסôĿ˭ĵӾȻҶҵĻ鶯֣
һССƽ񣬾ȻԸͳ˵Ͽ¿ͷϴȻҲû֮û˵һž׵ʿųŭ⡣
ղųչֳĿֲٶȣǲûпܵģֻгǸеᷳɱ
ûҵ֮ѵǼҵĲɣеɱѾ۶ǿǵӥأѾ̲סҪ֡
ٰ֪ǰվŵλ˭˵㣬ǳ˵׵ܵܣĸͳ졣ǲ޽ٹ¿ͷϴǿԿһȻҪߵͷҲᡭ

Ļû˵꣬վǰԶĳԺȻʧԭأһ̣ٱǸоһһԶƵľʹд
㡭
۾ǰ˾ȻҶԼ֣ԼӦĻᶼûС
ǰһڰϮֻ³һ֣һĲʺãȻȻ¡
벻ǰΪʲôҶԼ֣ȥ룬ôֱɱʵ
Ȼӥ
ɱһ߽Ϊľ٣ɫû˿ı仯
Χ۵ˣȴֱŴ͡
ɱˣһ߽ߵľپôɱˣ⡭
ղôֵģ۾ûգһ£ͿͻȻ˾ǰ棬ǸӦûͱ˺ʵжǿ
ʦѵʦոҿٶȾǿʦǿˡ


55 ʦ֮µһ
ţԲŶ󣿾˵ڲʮ궼ûɣʮʦǿߣ
ʱŷӦŵԼɱԼ¾ٵĳԣ϶ʱӿһɷŭˣ㾹Ȼɱҵˣ
Եûôʱĥ䣬ʶĻھʹ˹Ȼ
Ƴһ۵ϵľ٣Ե˼ԣȻ³
ֱ֮Ӷ֣һĨɱһ߽ߣҪסҲþӥԺơ
дֱûˣȻҵɱ٣û˿Ծȵ㣬žŽߵʵҲɡԶ壬ȴǳ׼ĵķŭȻҲе𾪳Ϊôǿ󣬵ûԵΪﵽʦΣŽԼ˵ˡ
ŭ֮£һڵԪȫ߶ֻ𣬴һɾ磬ֱӺ򳽻ԡ
ס֣
ȻʱһȻӲԶɫ򽣵Ӱֱ
ᣬͳ죬һᣬˡҪ볽Լƽϡԣæ͡
ֻųԵĿ⣬ȴǾϲ˼㡣
Բʮ֮ǰͻƵ߽ߣȻٶϸǴﵽ˿ʦĲΡȿµ츳ԺѾ궼δֹ˰
ǰ鷳ҪﳽԽһˣӶ˳Բһ¡
ܷڳռϷ磬붼ûȥ
ŽʵȷǿƾǿʦٶȣѾǴ˲֮أһǹһʩչ¾ǾŽ߶ֵסɣ
򽣣˵ԩ𣿺ߣֻոձֱڳſڴУڣѵ˵ҲýնɱͱˣϾŽߵ˿ɱڡ
򽣵ͳ죬һһڻϣ㲻ҪˡڵݣҲԺԺӣϾͿԽ뾫ӢԺ
ˣ˵ˣ򽣣֪ڸ˭˵㻹Ϊʮǰ򽣣ұֻ㴦óͷڿƺҲ֪ô۾һ£ֱӺҰץзɱۡ
ߺߣ򽣣ʮǰſȻҴ綼ﻹҸҴ츳ҰץһȥҴ磬Ҵһʱҿ㻹кǴȥ
ЦţΪʮǰ򽣲츳ϣΪϣѹһȻΪ޷ٽһˣĴɺһֻһֱҲɡʱǰ򽣣϶ü
㡭û뵽Ȼ˲ȫһģһۿӺ߹Ҳ֪Ǻˣ
ѵƾߣ
ǲΣѵ

򽣼ȥԵĳԱж𰸡ֻλȣǰûӦͱһȭط˳ȥһѪ¶صڵϣһû˶
ȻɱھԺԺҲȲ㡣ҷżֱӰ
ŭؽ
ݡ
Ȼû˵꣬һӰӾѸĽգۼʺǰһߡ
˭Ҳû뵽ڹϣԾȻ֡
ң˵Ĺϡɱһ̳κתء
£վǰĲһߣͨİ˽ףԻᱻնɱ

ŭһƾžŽ׵ľһʱ䷢˳Զչ˱ɱһ£æѴ߶õİԪתг

Ȼóֵס˳ԵĹǱСӣȻҶҶ֣һɱУ֪֪˭
ݣ
شģǳԽٶʩչ۷Ĺ
˶
ۿԾȻԼ𹥻ŭɶû뵽Լ꣬˴󵨡
Ҫ֪򽣶ְ
ԣǳıӵ
벻׵ȴǣԸոձĹôһǿҵΣУղԼƾžһʱ䷴Ӧʺֱӱ̴ɣ

ûٶ룬еĳͬ󵶰㳯ųŭ¡

볤һ죬Ȼһ̣ɫȴͻȻޱ䣬ԼȫµĹ·޻ϣûһ㡣
ãˡ
ɫޱ䣬һգ˲͸ܵ˾ҵΣƺҪ١
ڲˣˣ
ɫĮȴ֮ʣľһ⣬ֱӴԺҵسľ硣
Ȼδܽһٺ飬ȴ˶ݵ˼άհס
˲ӣٶȻָɡ
ɣһ޷Ŀ־塣
䡭
һʱ佫ĵĿ־巢й
һ
ݡ
ֻһֻû˵ڣһµĽȴֱзŴ޾Ľɲ֮㽫˰ס
͡
δüֿĽضʺ
ʦôܻʦôܻʦ
µǰһ̣Ժ˸һһ⣬ŵϴҪĻȫ˵ֻȴҲûһ˿˵һ֡
ˣ
źȻصм˶޷عŴ۾ŵѿ
ǳ˵׵ܵܰžŽߵʵôɱˣ
ɫƽȻ꣬˱Щ
ǵĿ־£һԵ뺧Ȼȴ޷Ρ
رʱԺԺӣԵЩ٣۾ȵɫʡ
ʮ꣬ɱŽ۷ɱǺεʵƺΨʦǿ߷һɣ
ղʱ׺ڣŹȥһʱ䣬þԪҲܴﵽʦ磬ڵΪ۷塭
ǺΪڿȷǣɱŽߣɱʦ֮£ʵ޵Сʦ֮£ǵһˡ
̫ˣȻܹƾ費߽׵ΪͳΪʦ֮µһˣڻʮꡣǣѾδֹ˰ɣ
һ͵͵رԺеԺӣֱӽԵ˳ݵżΪʦ֮µһˡ
ԣȻԺȥ𾪹ɫ΢䣬ߵߣص˵б֮⡣
ǳ಩׵ܵܣһ಩ߣһܵˡ


56 ɭ
಩ģΪʦнףУҲΨԺԺɽ֡
ֻ಩ĵܵܶɱˣɽкΪԳͷ
Ϊ֮ƣó뿪Ժж಩ľʦнΪҲԺз
ţ
Ե˵ͷҪӥǰԺ
ڵӥȷǼΡ
վסɱ˸ͳˣôһ֮𣿸Ͽǰ
ȻʱУһ߽ߵľҧҧǰһǳ⡣ֻеĺǳոºһٶȿڣ׼һҪ뿪żɱۡ
ǣ
ʮֵһʱ佫׼򽣶Լӥ
Ȼ֪ʵֲﲻԶ֣ǵɱǾôְȻ뿪಩ĵӣϰˣԲһܹ̫
ǽ䶼ܼ
ƾǣ
תɱ¶
֪ǲĶ֣Ȱ㻹ǲҪȥȻĻԺԺ޷㡣ڸȥ䣬˵˻ῴΪӶᷢ䣬һ˵꣬Ƭ̣Ҫſڼ˵ȥ
ʱ䣿۾΢Уδʵ齣˸ɭ亮⡣

ɫ΢䣬û뵽ԾȻôͿĴ㡣
ųϵı֮⣬Ӳ˵һ仰ͷϽ͸˿˿亹
ţʱԷ·Ӧʲôüͷʱ
ʱ䣬汻ӳɹ˰
䣡
һۻϢͬŭԳԵ״
ϢԵһܵҲܿ㱻˸£е˽æת󷽡
ǳˣ˸ˡ
Ҫùˣɱ˾ԲŹ
ˣڳԺ˲ܾ
Χ𾪵ǹǿϢķ򣬴ۣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ҳһ˿ϧ
һţҪô
ԣߡ죬뿪ǡǹǿϢһԵ¶֮⣬æߴ١
಩Ϊ˵˽⣬ȫ󵽣һ˶ԷУ޷
ʦýչؽ׶ΣǼλϹŶǲ£ԺΪѣȻǸ档
üͷҲ뿪ӥˣܲܶ߰ɣ
ϡ
ӥһ˫ȣɳӰʱ̿նͬʱųԲϷеĴߴ֮
ӥ֣
ɫ΢䣬ӥһȫǲƵҪˡ
ȻӥˣǼĶ֣ȴǲ룬ҪȥϣûС
ǣ
ӥۿųϾҪԼãλĿųӥ룿
ݡ
һʸʱƿռ䣬Яž޴ĳųԼӥɱȥ
ߣ
˫棬ڼʸ׾ʱڶ𣬶ǿľϯӥļʸ齣ȻһĽֱӽʮ֧ʸնء
ӥ֣ߡ
ɵӥϣֱӺȵ

·˻ƵͬʱԼҲǽڵϵϵĹȡңӥϵĳֱȥ

ܵ·Σգɱŷ齣Ȼ޾·ȻɱȥǷļʸնϡ
ͬʱӴľҲЯһ١
͡
ͲԷֵػᣬĽֱٵǣһѪͬʱľҲ˲䶴ľ磬ò
ߡ
һնɱ٣ԲͣԸӥ롣
ߣɱҵ˻ߣɡ
Ȼʱһǿ׳˺ȻԵԾеĺɫ󵶶ųԿ¡
ɫ󵶵ϣһ˿˿ɫԵüΪĿ
Ԫְɫʦǿݵ
ʱһԻëզΣУϯȫ
ʦнǿߣ಩Ҫ뿪ʱϵˡ
ɱ˱ɱˣ㻹Ҳɣ
ŭЦһͬʱһɿ񱩵ĽӿͬΰĲٿԼ齣ǣ֮£۳Ϊһųɱ಩Ĵȥ
ҪԼʦнΪĳˣʵൽж

಩ļԾȻԼս϶ʱ¶֮ɫΪ˷ֹ룬һʩչسæδȫ޷նɱԣڼ湥ǽȫһ˿
Ͳţȥʮ߰꣬ںԼ潻ս£ܴȥ

䡭
û𣬷ײһƵ
ʲô
Ƿɳϵ಩ɫһ䣬ӴԵĹʱȴǶȻ֣ڳԴɱһУȻ̺вĹ
ʹµϱ¶˾ҵ𾪡
ʮ꣬ôܻʵʮǰ츳ǿ򽣣ԶԶ޷ɣ
Ǻʱôһˣ಩̧ͷŰգޱ𾪣Ŀһ䣬ԣҪӡ
Ȼո̧ͷʱǿ˿˿ѪĳԣЦǳˡմͽģٵãǡ
֮ʱһӥһˣƿնȥ
ˣ಩ɫΪѿԭԷ֪ԼûʩչȫŻͷֻԼλʦн߹УҵУҪ
ͷŵڵѾ಩۾΢ţѸղŷľҡ
Уһ಩Ķŵľǰһ˼оһһ˼ԣӥڣɱ֮ԡ󳽻ìܣƾǿʵɱ
ͬʱҲԵݸ˳
ȻǳǸһ֣ʴ˰֪˳Եݺ಩ĵɫȻøӱ䣬Զ򽣣򽣣ԺҪҳһ
಩ģȷǳдȣѾԵ޴ˣǸһѵ֮ȴ䱾Ե˵ĻᣬǿҪץߣƺ˵ȥɣ򽣵һЦ˵


57 ͸Һ
ڼԳɹѣнǸҲǷȥеĨ˷뼤ȴô֮ɢ
ʦȷ츳ضģȴûϵԵĳɳٶȣȻ֮졣Ϊ۷Ῠϸһ꣬񳽻ԲһͻƵ߽ףһƾ߽׵ԪΪɱŽߣӲ಩λʦн߶
ʵ򽣶ԶԶ
಩ɫô˵Ժһϵû𣿡
ȻҺԺԺֳôһλŵӡ
಩϶ʱɱת۾ͬЫ㶢򽣣ƺʱ򽣷һ
ԴˣȴδһЦ˿
಩ľԲҶ֡ȻһʧȥԺ֧֣пܻᱻսȡ
Ȼ˴ʦǿߣһЩʦ߽׵ǿߣΪġ
ӿǬԪĹ뵱ĳǳصĳȥսóǳһȡʤδܵԣԳΪóǳ
ǿȡ߳ΪĹȻӰ쵽ǳصķչĳȴȫʺķ
ǿΪ
飬ôˡ
գ಩ĿǵԼʵвܱסԼĳλãһ䣬תȥ
ĳ״æŵ˵ʬȥ
Сһܹ˶̵ʱͳɳز㷵ǵʱһ̫ңԶǲ֪´μ棬ʵָôﵽεȵزڴ
ųԷȥķгڴ֮ɫתԺķ򼲲ȥ
һߣʱ׷
ԾȻס˳˵Ĺʵ״ﵽʲôزʦ𣿡
ûдﵽʦҲ޽ӽˣΣʦ֮£ԾǵһˣЩӢԺ˸ȣƨ㡣ǰʮЩһҲܺͳᲢۡ
֪ʲôʱ򻹻ǣڴջع鰡
Ȼ֪ΪλôǿʵڵԪΪǿҪܹڳϱ֤㲻ŸͬнʦΪҲҪﵽװɣҪͻƵʦô׵𣿡

Ǵ־ͷһլϷϣƵġ
⣬ЩʵĽҡ
ʱڽҵУʮҺߣλŽҴԼϡ
磬ڼڱسʦ黹¾ɡСɳٶʵ̫ˣǻϿȥնɱõĽԻǴѰ
˵ģһͺͷߣ߿ȥɭ䣬ɢϢȴǲȽҰ϶١ǽҶϽƳ壬ʵ뽭ҰͬΪŽײΡ
磬ǣѾǣǸСȻߣĹ֮Ѿˣ֣벻ɭнɻСץ󽭼Ҳпܼȥ˵λͬһߣϢ뽭ҰͽƳ·ֻЩȣǸͻƵŽ߲εĽϽ档
һº˵ŽߣټĵǼ˽ߣԼʮ߽ߣѰ˳Сûг˰˵£ҲܹΧɱ
ԵʵʹȻδﵽȳʦĲΣһľŽߣϾ߲һغϡ
ʵǽҲֻȫܹնɱ
£ѾˡҵȻǲС
˽Ļ󣬽˽ǽĿ˽ҰȴվغŽҵҲҴ⡣
û뵽ϴηһŹȥ̶죬ͳɳزٸ죿ʮ죬£֪ܳɳʲôزţǽұɰκ󣬽Ұ̧Ŀ⣬ɱ¶ȻûǽҽͣҲܷŹʹˮĻᣬȥΪﵽϵĽӵܣȫǰɭ֣ɱԡ
ϡ
ӥԭȵɽϣһʹз
ȫ£ѾѪرǳϣ֧Ŀļʸǹᴩ档
һӥſڵϣȻѾ
ӥ֣ģһ취κġ۾죬ӥΪ˴Լ룬ҲӾ絽˳̶ȡ
Լ಩ĵײȻ˵ˣֻСˣ¡
ϡӥؽһοųԣ۾ʼеơ
ַֻϵ˵ù
ûʲôʥҩҪƺӥֵƣûôסһʱ֮䣬ȥʥҩ̾һȻ۾һ޶ӥ˵һ֮ǽǺڼץӥ֣˵ܻתơ
ӥ֣ңȥŪóԵġ
ڴˣֱӶӥкֱͣɽ·ɱȥ
ںڼڵǸѨԻһӡ֪ôߡΪʱ䣬ԲûԼΣһ·ҲֻޣЩʵǿһֻҲ׶ѡĳ˵һбԽ
ЩڵİħԪԵûգӴľѹţԸٶȸڼ߶Ѩ
ʮӹ󣬳һѨ
û뵽ڼ߾ȻµʡҲʱˡϢȶӦ˯ˡ
ԽϵϢȫڣԪϵϢûһ˿͸˾ͷ·աƹȰ㣬ƮƮ붴ѨС
̣Բûɢһ˿Ϣû
Ȼ˯ˣϢƺֱǿ˲٣ٶȵһµ棬ԱǿڵϵӴڼߣʱڼϵϢϴμʱΪۻ룬ǴﵽڣȻͻơ
Իڼߣ˸ŵɱ⣬˯Ҳܵʹࡣ
ȻڳԸոûüͷȴͻȻһƣܵڿз·ĳϢ΢ǰϢǸΪŨ
ϤϢˣϴȡԪʱᵽϢû뵽ֱҸᵽˡԵ˫ۺȻһĿ˺ڼԱһ״һˮۡ
ˮ۳Լߣߡʱˮʢŵģһ͸ɫҺ壬Һ徲ˮУû˿ˮһۿȥȴһճøо
ˣ
ǰܵϢǴʱҲܵˮеҺ壬ɢϢ
⵽ʲôĵʹ£һСĵؿƺԼһ˿ͬʱҲƿռеԪ˿ˮȥԽˮۣϢԽŨԾˮֻʣʱȻԼڵԪȻԶתٶ൱֮졣


58 ߽׵ӥ
⡭
𾪲ѣû뵽ϻȱɢϢڵԪԶתԪѹֺڼ˯˯ˣǴˮԱߣΪҲԿ
ǡȻⱦô棬ڼΪλˮ۵У
ͻأ䣬Եðһţҡҡͷˣ͸ҺҪȡߣô˵ҲһֲԽԪı֮ǰȰѺڼ߸ˡ
ţԵĿ˺ڼߵϡ
ݣ
һ̣жȻһĽâ⽣âľâһ֣˲û˺ڼţľ磬۾֮ǰͽֱӽݻ١
ûãڼ΢΢ӣҲû˶
޵ǿ֮ǣΨоŽϵޣŻἫǿ󣬾ǳʦҪնɱһֻŽޣɹļʶᳬɡ
ΨнʦžԵİնɱһֻŽޡ
ǰⲻ׵ĺڼߣŽ޾ͲԶˣԳԵľɱû˿ֵء
նɱڼ֮󣬳ԵĿٶ䵽ˮе͸Һϡ
һ߹ȥܹظܵɢϢߵˮԱʱѾܹܵܵԪʼþޱȣΪԾʱ״̬Իڶʱﵽ۷塣
Ҳܻʱȥǹ۲һ͸Һ壬˰֮۾΢΢𣬽̽˹ȥ
͡
ָո͸Һʱһ˿񱩵Ǵɢֻоָ·Լģ˲ͱɿ񱩵Ϊһ壬Ҫڻ
˻
æֳᣬͬʱһû뵽͸Һ̺Ȼ˿񱩡
ô񱩵޷ŪߣѵҪô𣿡
üͷ΢΢ΪΣ͸ҺȷһѰĳ֪ⶫ϶뷽跨õȻ˵͸ҺȴԵΪߣ
ѲɣҪطɣ
ͨߣ϶ԥѡطΪԪʵ̫ң൱ȶͨطҪ嵽ʮ˵һء
ȴû뷨Ȼﲻޣ߽޶ûֻʲôΣգԲ뽫̫ʱ仨ط
˵ʵõķʲôؽǲϵսնɱޣеİħԪ

ңʱûʱӥڵڼߵʬȥء
ϡ
ڳԿǷ͸Һ֮ʱе齣Ȼһ΢Ľ
Ϊ齣˵ĳܹ⽣УеĿ
ֿͺһɳĮϺöδȹһˮˣһĵˮԸӡ
飿ҪЩ͸Һ𣿡̽Եʵ
ϡ
齣ʼøΪ١
ݣ
״ûԥֱӽ齣ˮ۵С
͡
ոˮۣ͸ɫҺ㷢΢죬񽣼ʱᱻʴ
ȻȴǾط֣첢δ̫ʱ䣬ˮе͸ɫҺǻһѪɫߣû齣⵱С
һ̣ΧԪҲĸоʧ
ȴܵ齣з·һɼ˿񱩵һʯ쾪
Բھȥ̽ԵɣȻ齣ȥ͸Һ壬齣϶ʲôˡ
͸Һ壬Ҳ÷ˡ
ڼߣۻסڼߵĲӣһݣɳڣǧĺڼûܸ˿
͡
һ·նɱеİħԪ󣬳Բͣٶٶȼӿ졣
ȻΪһֻǧصĺڼߣڵٶȻǲȾŽ١ֹʱ䣬Ǹϵɽ֮ϡ
ӥȻſڵϣ˳Թ˫ƣ۵ͫҲǻ
ϡ
Ӵĺڼʬ壬ӥеƣ̬ʱɢ·˼Ѫһ㣬ֱվ˷ܵš
ӥ֣ﲻҪ߶ʧѪ࣬ڼץ㲹ġ
ء
Կ첽ǰȥڼߵʬֱӥǰ
ϡ
͡
ӥų˷ܵһͷźڼߵĸһȥǼӲۼױ綹һ㣬ֱƿѪʳ
ӥӥʱǶһѪģֺɫߵ
ߵɢŵ
ӥ޲࣬ߵǶżİǵĴ֮
͡
ߵ̷ȥ󣬺ڼߵɫ·˲٣ڵͫѾ˼ɫԼĸо
ӥ֣ڼߵʬҲǺöѪⶼǴ֮ɱ˷ˡЦ˵
ϡ
ӥĽкȻһ˿֮ɫΪʱǷ֣ӥϣûһ˿ڡ
ٿڼϵϢ϶Ǹá
ӥ֣ˣԵ⣬ಹӣʲôʱָˣһȥѰȻ֪ӥʲô±ҡͷЦ
ϡ
ӥӦһʱ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ѾǶһ˿ϲɫܹںڼ˿ھͽɱʵˡ뵽֮ǰԳչֳʵӥжʱһ⡣
Կһۺڼߵʬ壬ߵԴǰγ齣̶ֱ룬˴顣
ӥ֣ãһᡣ˺ڼеİħԪ΢΢һЦߵһϥ¿ʼ
ӥڵڼߵѪȫ̷ȥƻָӦûʲô⡣
ʱ䣬ҲÿԽڵİħԪԼǰͻ߽Ԫա
ӥҲųڼߵʬڿž念ȥǸޱ𰡡

ԵڣԪϵسţԾһŵԪһ뵤
ʱͻƵ߽ߣеԪѾŰɫ𽥱仯ԪΪǿ󣬶һеԪȫ仯Ϊɫ壬ʾͻƵʦΡ
ԭȳڱԪ˼ֻеİħԪϺڼеİħԪڵԪǰ絽һ̶ȡ
顭
Ԫս뵤뵤ԭԪںϣܿ죬ϵϢǽ

ʱ󣬳Ǹո̤߽׳ڵԪΪӲٶһΣﵽ߽ڡ


59 ͻ
Ҫͻƣûôˣ߽ڵԪѾĳܼޡ۾ЩΣδܹ߽ڵԪ⻹յԪھͣ΢ЩԪԻڵһʱ佫˺ѡ
һᴸһɡһ˻֪ȥǣȴģʱѧϰĹȻ⹦ȼߣҲ취岻ǿԪΪѾ޷
ţ
ԺȻӦԱһۻ񱩵ϢڶϢУһɼǿȥĿʱ
ϢȻǴӥɢģʱӥԡһƬĺڹ⵱Уǿ񱩵ϢǼŸ߷巢ҳ
ӥҪͻˣͷһϲ
͡
ûʱ䣬ӥϵĿϢ·һеﵽĶˣκһ߽߸еѹֵϢϷӿ
ϡ
ӥһ߿̶ǧ֮Զϵĺڹ⣬ڴ˿Ҳ塣
ԭȿ߸ߵӣʱֱӴﵽ˽߳ߣȳԻҪ߳ͷϵëޣԵøŽĹ
ϲӥ֣ɹͻƣеľϲǰ뿪֮ʱӥڳ׵ĲΣŹȥ죬ӥȻǳ߽׳ɹȽٶȣóԶΪ֮
⻹ͨӥòͨӥֻܴﵽ۷Ĳΰɣ
ԵȥЩӥѾͻƣϵҲõ߰˰ˣ˳ϵһ֧ʸĵطȫϡ
͡
ӥϵļʸʱӥҲƫͷ˹ȥɶļʸȻԼĳϣӥԵŭ˸Ŀ֮£֧ʸȻۿɼٶȻ䶯
ӥ֡
ɫ΢䣬û뵽ӥȻҪǿнʸƳ
뵽ӥѾϵò࣬ҲȥվԱ߾עӡ

ӹ·֮ļʸڱӥ˳ڵءǱʸᴩĵط˿˿Ѫ
Դˣӥδᣬ˵ϵֻҪأƤ˺ܿͻϡ
ϡ
ӥȻſ˫΢΢£ųһʾ⳽վıȥ
ӥ֣ȥʲôöأ
ЦһһΣ䵽ӥıϡ
ϡϡ
ӥ˷ܵţƺЩȲȶ˫ֱһڶȥ
ԴˣҡͷһЦȻӥ˵ʲôӥڱʲôȫǿŸо²⡭
ǽϸߵ޿ԣͨԣֻǿޣſԿԣн
ӥޣԻмľ롣
ӥ׵߽ףٶȾǱ֮Ž۷ߵȫ٣ѷɫ٣ȫٷӹӥһƽ֮ϡ
ƽïܸ߸ߵĲݴԣľټʱĳԣҲû˼ȥ۲ΧĻǽĿֱǰԶһͷߴޡʱӲݴ߳һ˫ͭ۾ŭųӥʯƤ΢䶯һɿҰϢɢ
Ȼ߽۷ʯţ˵߽۷ʯţǰ˽۷߶ƿǵƤ⣬ΨоŽȫ֮£ƿƤ⣬ˡ
µ棬ʯţҲΪ˽⣬Ȼ˽۷ƿǵķȴһ㶼⣬ֻҪδﵽŽףڶаսɻɱ
ϡ
ȻڳԿǷֽʯţ֮ʱӥȴͻȻǰ߳һɢȵս⣬ʯţš
ӥôҪʯţ֣ҿƺҰæ
Կӥüͷ΢šȻӥɹͻƵ߽ףϾǸͻƣսԶԶͬףʯţȴͬرǰֻ߽۷ʯţ˵ͬ׵Уǰ˽׵Уûֻܹκε
˵ʯţ޸ѪѪ֮аӥܹʳ࣬ʵ϶ٶȾͨİ˽޶֡ԶʯţΪ˽⣬ȻҲ֪ʯţϵĸص㡣
𣡡
ʯţӥһŭĺ̤Ǵ׳㣬ֱͬްĳβ߸˦ͬһ̹˾ֱӥײ
ʯţû뵽ֻű߲ʱӥޣȻԼΪδһ
ϱƣʯţһһҪֻӥ޸׽

Ȼʯţӥл׾֮ʱߺȻĳڶ䵽ʯţԭվĲݴǰϷʰĶʯţ
һΣӥҲô࣬ϴһ޼ɵʯţϴ֮ʯţҪɱʯţõ࣬Ҳ뿴Լʵﵽ۷ܷ֮ɱ߽۷ʯţ
һεĽѵӥ̵˽⵽ʯţжôǿͻƵ߽ףҲʯţսΨٶȴŭʧȥʱٸһ
𡭡
ʯţתȥվڲݴԵӥʱŭֻɶӥޣȻ˵СԼ潻սûлսֱ
¡¡
ʯţ߶࣬ǿ׳ʯӲأ·һ׺ףأҲǧܵٶȻǺܿ죬һƨȴǿϲ١ٶȱ·˵һ㣬Ϸ¡¡졣
濴ȥԵΪ׳ۡ

ֻǣʯţٶȳӥ֮ʱӥǷ䵽˳ԵߣͲʯţײ
໡
ʯţĺԵøΪطŭһȴѧˣֻŭӥûٶȳײȥ
ϡ
ȻʯţûٶȳӥȻǷһʤһʤһȶ˫
ʯţһ˫ţжʱŭգһϢɢ
ӥֻǡʯţҪùˡЦǰһĻȻӥòʯţ潻սٶŪŭ˵ӥѾζԸʯţȥĻʯţ϶ᱻӥնڵצ֮¡
໡
ʯţһͳĺȻӥתŲݴԴȥȻӥڼŭȴ֪һֱȥԼöԷû취Ȼ˾ȥΣ
ϡ
ӥͻȻһֻצ͵زһµ棬ͬʸʯţ
衭
ʯţһ޷ת߸ߵŴӺԼӥ͵ȥ


60 ߽
⿴һ㣬ԿѰ߽۷ߵȫһй֮
ӥոͻƵ߽ף֪ǰ嶸Ȼߣʯţıϣֻצݺݵػ¡
͡
ȻǸĵצʯţıˣȴֻ׺ۣ޷ƿһ˿Ƥ
𡭡
ȻʯţŭˣҡͼӥվȵڵأһŽ
ݡ
֮ӥȴֱӷգͲʯţκһ˿Ļᡣ
𣡡
ʯţǰ΢΢£ǰŰеӥϷŭĺкֻӥޣʵ̫޳ˣûͷߣ򲻹ֲͣǡ
ϡ
ӥδڰ̫ͣʱ䣬ֱʯţȥǰֻצͬʸʯţ˫ͫ
໡
ʯţʱһ˷ŭĺУţͷ£ͷϵֻһ߳ţǶ׼еӥݺײȥ
ݡ
ӥʯţͷ­Ŀ֮ʱǶԱӥͫУȻֳһͼڽ˫һ񣬾Ƿӵʯţǽӽһߵĵצݺݵʯţĺȥ
͡
ûκε谭ʯţӦ֮ǰӥĵצشʯţĺ档
໡
ʯţʱһʹĺУβͺɨӥ
ݡ
ȻӥмƻһʯţնֱӷϰգûƬͣ

ԿһĻ۾ʱŴţӥһﾹȻа񡭡
䲻أʶؼн˫ȣ
ͨ
ʯţĺʳ̲̲ȺѪҺѪҺлŵҺ壬УǷһһʹĺֱӺ˥䣬ڵ£鴤һһ˿Ϣ
ϡ
ʯţ£ڰеӥ䵽ߣųҡԴһӡ
εҡͷЦ˻ᣬƫĿ⣬һïܲݴԣĮλôѵô
ϡ
ԵĻӥʱǸ򷢳ŵ
Һܺ棬ôǵģһڲݴ𣬽űӲݱܹӰԲݴƵ߳
˽ӣϷͬɢϢһǴﵽ߽ϣرǰĶˣǴﵽ˰˽ס
ʵԺУԽ뾫ӢԺ
ϢĿƽ޲һ֪Ǿþ̵ĺ֣¾ǾӢԺĵӣͬҲǿ˶١
Ҫ֪ӢԺɲ߿Ƚϵġ
Ҳܺ棬λкĿģԵЦţӥոն֮ʱѳ֣ȴһֱţȻڸոӥʯţɱʱȴЩ궯Խסǽг
ȻǸ߽ߣ˽ߣԲδ֮ϡֻҪʦߣָһͻƵʦĸ߽ߣԶõġ
ǰˣԲڴС
վǰһȥΪֱ˵ͷʯţǿе㲻ǴһкͶ֣Ҳ鷳뿪ʯţʬǡ
ԭǿʯţءԻȻʯţ޲ͬļֵ˶ԶԶȲϣȻֻǶ޶ԣΪͲʳࡣ
ǳûʶӥҪҪνˣڣȻܻὫʯţóȥرǣֻʯţӥɱġ
ϡ
ӥ˶ԷĻʱһŭ˾ζ
߽׵ӥǺСӣҽ㻹ǴӥȻ߽׵ǿϣ϶һ߽ˡԣһΪ˵
ǺǣλͲ½³ԹԿóȺ˶ѵأӦĳеˣܲǾ;ǡ
ӹһЦ³Թ̫Լ˰ɣο³ԹΣ㵱ǻ㲻ɣ
Կȥʮ꣬ΪٸҲ߲ȥ߽ߣټϱĲðѶԷ¡
ǿǵ߽ԶԸͶˣĻ˵ôϻ
ô˵λǴǿʯţʬˣһɱ⡣
⼸˶ǳԴп϶ʦǿԼѴﵽ߽ߣǾŽ۷߶аջɱʦȴû˿աˣҪֵĻˣضҪһڡ
촽㵹ЩʶôˡȻǾݹҲ
£һճǹһĨ̵Ļȣͬͻųɱȥþ볽ֻʱгǹһ죬һ磬ٴ򳽻Եʺ߽۷ߵǿƣҲڴ˿̱ŷڡ
ȻΪӥҲȳԸѶԸʶˣĨɱʡŰۡ
׳գ
վһĳԣڽ

ȻΪһǹҪʺ֮ʱȴǾ㵵طֳԵӰȻʧ߷Χһ̣һɾҵĳһޣ͵ײؿϣһɲǵͨ죬ҲϺ״ɳԶصصڵأпѪҲվؿڴʧٳ࣬ۿǻˡ
ôܣ
һĻɫʱ䣬г˲ţǸû峽οζԽչ͵һ
߽۷ߣôһɱˣ
ӺͿͫ׶ųԵɫҲ࣬Σǿ˰
Сӣ㵨ӵͦ󰡣Ȼɱǵˣ֪ʲôطˣӻҲɭУȴ͸¶һЩ㡣
ʵڲ󣬸ղԼ֣һ³
ڣҲðȻֻ֣ͼݱԴвԷ
ҵȻ֪ʲôطˣȴ֪Ͼܵظˡ
£һĽ䣬Ϯˣɱ
ӥ֣һ֣Źһ
齣ʣû˿ԥֱӷԸһ̣ͬȣվǰŰ˽ʵӡ
ݡ
ʮ׵ľ룬գ֮㵽µԪھĵ߷£·ҵйĳڣȫ汼ӿ齣УµĽŶ˱


61 ٳ
ˣȻͼɱǣˡŭһλεĴ͵һ˽ߵۻϢϯ򳽻ԡ
ٶȻеô˵ɢϢ߽ڣ߽۷嶼δﵽֻҪСĵ㣬ɱԣҪû⡣
飡
䡣
ɲǣбҫ۵Ļ⣬ңΪ߽ߵİԪײ룬ͺһ㣬ءһ죬˺ѿγһۿɼ
˽߹ȻǿӲΪҪӲ
Ժͷоâ䣬ƾʦǿߵľһʱӦ˶Է󵶵Ĺ켣һӵһ࣬װƶԼɱٶȣȫ˺ߵϣӦ֮ʣ齣ؿڴ

ȻʱһɭĽȻ˲ǰ
ڳô
ڳԵľӦУǷһ˽ߣӣڿӼɱʱȻƿմзը죬ǽ⣬գۼ˳Եһߴ
ǳԲϽзߺˣһȻ̴Դ
Χκԡ
˽׵ΪΧκԣôĶ֪
ԸͲеֵδһ齣ȻӵĿڡ
ľ磬ľһ֮䣬͸գֱӵԺľ÷飬ûһ˿ӦĻᡣ
ʦǰλзһ֮гŨŨ벻˼顣
ȥʮˣȻʲôóٶȵ߽ߣһɱʦǿߣ
͡
ͬһʱ䣬Ǵ̳ȥ齣ǺȻû˿ӵࡣ
¶ŨŨľ֮ɫΪ˽ߵǶõղԵزþĻ飬һɱ
ԱԵݡ
ʮ꣬ʦǿߣ
ۡ
³һڼȺѪҺϵϢήȥȴǲ˳֮⣬ɱǣٳǱģˡ
ǱٳŵµĿӣüͷ΢΢ţڵ֪ʦǿߺ󣬾Ȼ˵ⷬ϶޵ķʸǲ⣬еλпҲһʦǿĸ֡
Һû»ڡ
һߣӥſȾŽߵٶȣҲǽ߽߸ɱԶӥ˵ӥ֣ȥʯţȡˣ뿪
ӣʼ⼸ȥսƷ
ϾȻоԪݻǷͬѰеսƷЩ⣬ԪɲѰܹӵеģǰ˽߶ܹӵУΨЩŽߣϷŻһžԪ
˾Ԫ֮⣬ŲıǮƣڳ˵õôϡھžԪҲܷá壬ʱǲʢŶԪ
ٳĻӦĳǳس֮ˡ
պþԪҡҡͷʲô֮ӣֲ֪ɱģҾ֪Σӥڣʦǿ߶κβ
ʱӥѾʯţ̷ȥȥӥɫѾȫָ˹ϵ˿ڣҲȫϡʯţ˵ȷǴ֮
ӥ֣뿪ɡǰȥʯţȡ˳պã뿪
ϡ
ӥ˫һ̿շ𡣳˫һţԾӥļϣɳ۶ȥ
ӹһһӥɽ
ӥ֣ʯţһ°ɣҲʼµ棬Ц
ϡ
ӥһһԿʼʯţࡣ
ʯţӲʯںӣǿѪ⣬Ѱ߽޷ʳˣǿ̶ȾԻﵽȰ˽޵ĳ̶ȡ
ӥ츳ޣǿ̶Ƚߡ
幦˰Ȼа취Ԫ
ϥ£Ժðһ幦ҹ
Ȼ˵㣬Ҳû취ɡ
Ԭôûѵ֪Ǹʱ𣿡
һø߹ʮɵĹ£վʮˣЩϽһǿϢ͸¶رˣϵϢκһֻ޲ҿļˣϴţǰնɱĿһģһ
˵ˣһźɫװĿ꣬꿴ȥʮӣưŭ
ԣڻеɫƽΧʱĿ⣬һǴžη֮ɫ
κһֻ޲ҿϢɢ
ٳԬͿӦްɣȻĻҲᵢôʱ䡣˵ʻһӿڵϢȻȲ꣬ҲǴﵽ˿ĲΣŽߡ
֮ΪٳϹٻ΢΢˵ͷûټƽϴ£ΪҲ֪ԬͿ鷳Բڹϵʱ䣬ΪĻǶ˾
ѩҪȥǼ˰ɣ˳ҲߡϹٻߵԶһŮǰݵϴ˿˿Ц⣬ȥԵڶŮӡ
ǰվһԼʮŮӣŮӵŶϮװԼòǰһĸоϹٻ߽üۼ΢΢𣬱ܾ뵽ľͷã
˵꣬Ϲٻ˵ʲôǾֱתŲɭȥһ߽档
κһֻ֮ͨȴǿϢǴǶɢ
ˣһǴﵽ˿ֲʦΡ
ĿŷѩӰϴţŷѩķԲϣϹٻСһа𣬡װȻ˳ǺҶҪ÷ɧ
һ˼ǰߣʱ벻ɭ֣żҲи߽޳ûЩ߽ޣһǱϹٻĻնɱ
ףٳǰƺмֻ߽޵Ϣ
ԼĪʱϹٻһʦǿߺȻ˵
ϹٻͬΪʦǿߣȻҲһ㣬ͷǹȥɡ
˵ţŷѩһǰȥ
һѪȵϢʱϹٻü΢塣
Ѿܵǰ治״ֻޣЩ޵ȽײǺܸߣǿҲŰ˽۷壬Ž׶δﵽܸǴ˿Σա
û˵ʲôһ˼ǰȥһ׵ľ벢ԶȻųïܵĲݴԣȻܿߵ
Ȼųһֻ޵ʬ壿֣ʲô޾Ȼǵô߽ųˣ


62 
߳ݴԣ˱ǿǵǰʮ⣬ֻųһֻʬ壬ǳֻ֮ޱֹͣ˶ӵضǡ
ٳ쿴ԬǼˣǶˡһȻָŲݴԱϵļʬ壬
Ȼɱˣʲô˴󵨣ҵ˶ɱϹٻɫŭΣȥ⼸ֻߣҪ˭ɱԬǡ
ǣٳ
ϹٻһӦǰȥֻ̽ŵİɫ壬һۿȥˮһ֣ռеԪȴǶȻûԾࡣ
𣡺𣡡
ֻ߽޼ȻҶɱԼŭֻ߽۷ʵĸ߽͵سǰߡ

ȻǲŸոܳ˱ͬȰ嵽ǰֻŰɫƣݺݵӡǵĶͷϡ
ꡭ
ʱֻ߽һ
ء
ֻ߽޼״н¶˾ֵĽ󲻵ȻǷǷɢӴܿȥҶƬ̡
Ȼ࣬ǻЩģǿóǰ࣬ܿ⡣ֻ˽۷ޣŻ˵ĿҲǴſ־֮ɫ
ʣµֻ߽޶룬곣Ҳȥ׷һѪģʬ壬üͷ΢΢һ˵Ϲٻ󣬡ٳǾʬ壬ʯţģ˶Ѿˡ
Ϲٻ۾΢΢ӿŵɱȻʯţֱд
ŷѩŲݴԵ壬Ȼһ˿⣬ǰȥϸ۲һʬ壬иƶԼ뷨
ŷѩ۲Ԭ˵ʬ壬Ϲٻϵɱһתºͣǰʵѩɿʲôˣ
ŷѩش𣬵뵽⼸㷲е˶Կ˵ԬǱ˴һɱҿƺֵ˶ԷĹڿ䣬ûһ˿˺ۣӦǾ类˴ݻٶ
ȻʦǶ֡Ϲٻüͷһһʱȷ˶Էݣвδ¶ӣ¶ɭ֮ɫǱôɱģӺǱһɱ߾类ݻٵġ
˵Ѫв֫ڵϣԲǱһɱ߾类ݻٶ
ŷѩ˱ϿȥƺǱҵҹ۲죬ӦǱһ޸ɱġ
ޣʲô޾ȻñϹٻɻʵҲŷѩǸû˵ʲôʹñġ
ŷѩӥ
ȻֻϹٻŻȻ
ҵĻѪɡϹٻȻһ
䣬ϵɫָһ貵̹⡣
໡
̹˸䣬һɫͬȮ޴дڳ䵽ϡ
ֻ޿ȥȮ·𣬵ȴﵽĳ߶࣬¶⣬˸ɭϢɢĿϢܹжʵ
Žף
һֻŽ׵ıѪȮ
ѪʯţϢҵɱ𣿡Ϲٻֱʵ
ˣѾܵ뿪ķˣǲڿеϢ뿪ʱ䲢ǺܳϹٻԺУѪȮŭ𣺡ˣǽʯţˣһҪɱʯţ౻ˣҲҪ˳ȥ
ǩԼޱǿԽֻֽ໥ԺУܹͻƵޣſԿԡ
ãھȥ׷ǣһ׷ϣһԶնɱǣιԡϹٻűѪȮ˵ķҶ׷ȥȳһϢ𱻶Էǣһֻӥ
ͷһϢϹٻڱѪȮųӥ뿪ķ׷ȥ
˼״ǷһϢϡ
С㣬ǣŷѩԣѯʵ
ȥɡŷѩһЦȴЩڴ֪ʵôܴܲϹٻѡ
סҹȽ׶ûУЧȷǺԡȻܺҪõһԵǿǲܵ顣
ʱɢŹ̵Ϣոձʮպ濾˼ͷƵģƤ΢΢Щ졣ͣüͷ΢΢
ҹһײĹʦµǵõԻϲ䱦Ϊ׹ǸѪ⣬ǿǣɺ󣬻ͬ׵Уżơ
ֻҪСɵĲΣҲһϦ֮Ǹ츳ͬСṳֻ̤̂ʵʵһһҪﵽСɣҲҪʱ䡣
Ȼ幦ȽױȽϸߣǽȫͬˡ幦Ƚ׸ߣѶȻЧȴ൱
Ƚ뱦ȽͬǷΪԪסססססףʱնԹƿس̶ȣΪšСɡɡ۷ĸΡ
ҹʲôĹֻʺ˵Ƚ׵Ĺ⡶ҹҪЧҲҪﵽСɵľˡֻҪﵽСɾ磬һһϦĹǳ츳ڣԶԶǿȽףҲ޲
ʯţ൹ǸöӥֵϢּˡ
ƫͷԶӥЩ̾޵츳ȻȲ࣬ĳЩ棬ȴЩ츳ӵеġҲΪЩԭ򣬷ʹһ£ͬ߸ܻ޵Ķ֡
ʱӥѪʵȶ֮ǰȻûǿ٣վ˵ĸоǱ߽۷廹Ҫ¡
ʱӥȻŸոͻƵ߽ףϵʵ;Բͨİ˽޲ǿȾŽߵٶʩչ¾ǰ˽۷ߣû֡
һֱȥ֪Ҫȵʱͻơٶȣʵ̫˰ջĿ⣬żֿɬζ
ҹ˻ԹһԪȽϻԾĵطӦϲ١˼ţһʱҲ֪ȥѰһԪȽϻԾĵط

ٳѾɽȥˣһ˺һֻӥǶʱӦû뿪ȥǣҴǵʬ
ɽ棬ոմɽµĳߵϹٻǰʵ
⣬ֻӥӦʯţ࣬Ҳǵǿӥ⵱ˡԣϹٻϲһĨ̵ĻȣҺͱѪְɣѪڳԹǽʯţء
ǣ
ιվϹٻȻʦǿߣϹٻ˼Ȼǲ˿档رǣѪȮ飬ǲҶ˵仰ΪǳϹٻĿУֻŽ׵ıѪȮЩͨʦǿ߻Ҫ


63 ϱ
ɽɣҶעԼϢ𱻶ԷˣӥȻֻޣܷ裬ҿɲϣߡϹٻ˵ţĿһߵŷѩߣѩɽ·Уδ߹ɽ·һ߰ɣŤŽš
˵ţȥǣŷѩĳ嶯
ǽܸ㶨Ҳȵس֮ٶ֡
Ǿһ߰ɡŷѩĿҲ΢΢һûȥǰȥ
õģȻûסŷѩ֣ϹٻȻһ鶯ŷѩǰΪ䵭û뵽ξȻûоܾӦôˬ죬Լɹֽһ
æ׷ŷѩȥ
ҲǽСɽȥ
ɽ·ȷУȫǶ֦ҶЩȫһˣΪĶﵽ߽ߣ·Ҳᷢһ˿һ
ɽϣһˣ֪ΪôʵڲеĻҲֻܹǳˣϹٻУȻӶˡҪߵɽʱŷѩ̧ͷһۣһ뷨
ӥ֣ˣ
ʱԷһԵӥȻ³ȥԵ൱˷ܡ
ϡ
ӥһĳ򳽻ԣµĵצ͵򳽻ԣͬ磬һַĸо
ӥҹ𣿡
ҲǴЦһϥڵϵӶȻվͬһʱ齣Ȼ̳ӥĵצײһķâʹΧĿ·𶼱˺ѿ
ȴǳս⣬ڲʩչ£ʵӥ൱պÿԴʹ졣

ӥٶʩչ£ȾŽߣֻצһҵĺХƷն򳽻ԡ
齣
ӥȫһУҲǽ齣ʩչ
һȻɡȱûκζĲ裬

飡
䡣
뵶צɲǣбҫ۵Ļ⡣
ӥ֣ҿǻսɡԴЦһ߽ڵԪʱɢٶȣҲǱ΢ѹЩӥ൱ĳ̶ϡȻٶȫʩչڵӥԿȵġ
߽ڵԪ⡭
ҪɽʱϹٻŷѩͣɫһĨ֮⡣ΪɽԪȻ߽ڣеʦΡ
⣬ȫǵԤϣ
߽ʦ֮Ĳ࣬ɲôһǰ㡣
쵰ϹٻɱתȻû˸ԵΪʦΣȴȻǸоԼԷˣˡ
Ѫһ֣ȥɱǡϹٻԵıѪȮ˵ҲŷѩԼӿٶɽȥ
ʱǾɽǲʮ׾롣
߽ڣһ˽Ԭ񣬻˽߿ľ磬¾ǾŽ۷߶ɣŽ۷嶼ȴƾ߽ڵԪΪˣѵǡ뵽ԣŷѩĿжʱӿֳһɾ֮ɫɾתΪ˿ϲ
УϹٻ˺ŷѩϷӦ΢䣬æӿٶȣɽȥֻһܣҲ֪⻹⣬һ΢ĸ֨졣
Ȼȴش˳ȥ
ӥúĳüͷȻһšæһӥ֣ͣ¡
£ʶŸղǵķȥһӰɫĸߴҰȮʱߵС
ƾʦľܹܵԷǻԾ֮ԪԼɱ⡣
Ǳʦǿ߸סɡԵͫ׶ʱ󼸺ûȥǣֱӥ֣գ
ϡ
ӥڶԷҲܵǿҵΣϢԵĻûԥֱ˫
Ҳڵһʱӥıϣӥɵɽʮɸߵİա
ţղžǸŮӷģףȻҲʦǿߣȻô᣿ƯһգԶʱǼҪߵɽŷѩвֳһĨޣܿ죬һɻͽųֵԺȻʦǿߣո·ʱôᷢѵǹģҺòƸͲʶ
ѣһ֪һ𣿡
ԲŸոտԼͶ˵ֱӴӥϰգϹٻƤ̲ס鴤£˵ֻҪԱƭڵһʱ佫ץסȻݺĥ
ΪãƺֱˣһΡ
һġ塭˻ʦǿ߼Ȼ꣬Ƿʲôˣõôô𣿡ԿسԼûеһʱӥϰգһԷסǽһĺ
үİ㵱ɵأѣеûãʱϹٻ·Ա̲סɤƿڴϹٻǽýϵɫЩĲ̣Լٵø˼һ˿ϣɣ뵽⣬ٶȳԶӣ԰ɣ˳ȥء
Զӣ԰ɣ˳ȥء
ԵСڳһλʵۺĸ֣³ʮɸ߿գȻܹԵĻ£ǵɫǱùŹ
ǿǷǳѪȮվһģǺεȵݰ˵ǣһʦ۷λٳǰҪżֹ
λ꣬ȻҪٳ
һȤء
ŷѩ̧ͷϿգϸֳһĨЦ⡣е֮ȻδɢͲˣǰֲ츳һɳ¾ǳ˶Ҫͽɡ
ֻǣ֪Ƿǵý顭
Ҳ֪Ҫȶܳɳʵʵе
໡
˳ԵĻıѪȮŭͣسţҲŨŨơϣְͨ취ŭӥӥһսĻǾͿ׽óˡ
ֻǣֽӥȴ·ǿ׳հؿۣƳͷȥٿȥ
СӣȰ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ֪˭ϹٻŬеŭѪȮܹĻ벻һǰȥ׷ɱԡ
һʵ̫ɺˡ
Ե˭ʲô£
Ȼ˵ţȴ֪һԷ˭ϴŵķװʱԾ֪˻ԼǰնɱĿӿ˵ٳˣֻǲ֪ǳصٳ߾Ȼ˶ʦ֣ٶ߽ϵʵ
ϹٻһҸ㣬ǧٳϹٻҸǧǳϹٽʶĻ͸ϽҵǸһԿǷŹһȻĻһ취׽ס㣬ʱضܡӦ֪


64 
ԭǧǡŷüͷһʱ֪˶ԷݣҲЩȡ
ǧǵʵǿɾǿöˣǳнʦĸ֣ǧǳ˵ǰΪѾﵽн״ʦôսǿߣ޲Ǳһлܡ
ΪǿģҲǴﵽн״ʦĲΡȻͬһлܡ
ɴ˿ɼλǧǳʵǺεǿˡ
ңǧǵλ⣬ھεļеأǧǳĽӴȽ϶࣬ϵ൱㷺ǵƾǧǳݣǵ˾Ի൱鷳
ΪˣϹٻŻ˵һ
֪ݣ϶ԹǸ
ֻǣųԻȻԹߵǰǸʱȴǾ㵵ķ֣ԵϣֳһĨŪ֮ɫһڽҲ価ĶУĻôʦ͸߽߶Ҷ֣ᱻˣҿҲʹһ´ʣ¹ƨˡûʱ㳶ˣҪϵĻǾЩʦ֣ʦµĻ

˵꣬ԱǳӥȥֻһƵ߶ջ㺰ҵתϱˣҪԸңʲô

ųµһ仰ŷѩ˵ɫʱù
쵰Ϲٻһǰġ
ϹٻɫΪѿԣȻǰ˴رǻһҪƵŮˡ
ٳô죿Ϲٻ󣬳ǰʵ
һһֻʯţǿѪȡñѪͻһףΪޣĻҵΪҲһ㡣û뵽ʯţྐྵȻӥͷˣڸǲ֪ӵȥˡȻʯţȽײߣҲ׷ŹǡϹٻǻǰո˵ļȥ׹Ȱɣûʯţֻ࣬񱩻ʨѪҺҲͬ԰ѪͻƵײΡ
ǣλӦһҶ˵
һȤŷѩųȥķĿ˸һĨɫʡ
Ȼûע⵽һĻȴñϹٻ֣ջĿ⣬ϹٻŭȼգŮˣղž˶Էע⣬϶ǹģͻơߣΪôǸеģһȥһᷢϵʱŪ㡣

ʦǿߣһȺ߽ߣûλѣɾ͵ùˡӥıϣЩļ£ȴɻΪǸŮӴδ棬ʶΪ˼һԼ
˼Ƭ̣Բټȥ롣
ؼģ취ʵ
ӥ֣ԲɭֱȽϤ֪֪лԪȽŨĵطԿʵ
ҪҹСɾ磬ҪҵԪŨĵطȻ˵СɣﵽŲΣҪһܰµġ
ǸѰҪﵽţҪһ¡ȴȲôʱ䣬棬Ҫ׷ЧʣҪٶȣԼʵǸǲǸ
ϡ
ӥͷʾԼ֪ȴƺЩɵ
Ҳû㣬ӥͷĿѾأ˵ӥ֣쵽ȥǸطȥ
ϡȻӥȴҡͷ
ӥ֣˼˵Σն𣿡ŷӦ
ӥͷ
ԶʱȻӥ֪ʵ£˵ǸطΣգǱ˵ǸطȷżΣա
Ƭ̺󣬳Իҧҧӥ֣ȴȥɣʵڲѰһط
Ȼ֪ΣգΪʵԻǾǰȥҲ֪ΣվȴԶ̤۷塣ҪﵽеĵһĿ꣬ΪʦǿߣҲңңˡ
ϡ
Լ֣ӥһת򣬳ǰֱɶȥ
еԽԽˣѵӥ˵ĵط
ͷǳϵˣóĿ˵УܵһɾҵϢ
̺¶ȣﵽʮϡ
¶ǷһȥԻܿͱ졣
ϡ
ʱӥҲ½ȥ
ˡ
䵽ϣϵ¶ȸߣﵽϰٶˡΧĵƣҲ֪ûлɽ
һߴΧ
Ϊ⣬ûһòľֻдɳʯҾ޵ӰӶûһֻ
ҹЧȻ΢ôһЩԪԾһȥһԪȽϻԾĵطٿʼҹɡĿ⻷ӣĴƽأһ͹С£Ŀⲻ΢С±۶ȥ
󣬳Կⲻ׵С£˵С£˵ǶڣͮͮһƬ·ź͸
ԵģǴӿԪ
ûԾԪ
һϲԥؾʹ˽ȥ
ѨףǽɢŵϢ

붴Ѩ󣬳̲סתԪǿеϢͬʱҲϵǲ·ò˶þͻȼ
ϡ
ںӥһõ֮ҲΪϲطȴóӥƺһ˿֮ȥļɵ
״һ˿ʱΣյ׼
˳ŶѨǰߣеϢӾңͨ˽Իᱻһʱ俾죬ͨߣҲԵȡ
Ѩô޵׶Ƶģûһͷǰ˽ʮӣȻûߵѨͷҲټǰͣ½Ų
ӥҲǺĴۿ
ɣĻԪȫ㹻ҶʱｫҹСɣһɡ
ҹȻǲ׵Ĵ幦һСɵزԵǾԿԴﵽ߽׵ĲΣʱͲԪǾֱӷþԪԪΪӶ뵣ĸȵĸˡ
ҹ˴ɣǾͿһٽΪŽףǾŽ۷塣ͻƵ˽֮󣬾ԪþѾͻƵĻֻƾеİħԪ
ӥ֣鷳ػƬˡ
һϥ£ʼԼӦѨڵ£Ӻǿʼתҹķ
Ƭ֮󣬿лԵԪûԾܣļë͸
ʱж£ᷢļѾڽ죬û졣
ڼ𽥱£ѪҺٶȣҲǻȻӿ죬תÿһľ⡣
壬еԪڴ˿̾Ҳ𽥷ڿһЩɫʣë͸


65 ҹС
ʱȥ
ʱ󣬳ԵܹܵԼ巢˾ҵı仯ôȥҹֻҪһʱͿԴﵽżˣҪﵽСɣҲֻҪһܡ
˫ۣǾϲ֮ɫҲû뵽ⶴѨеĻԪȻﵽŨĳ̶ȣʱͳЧ
ӥ־ȻҲˡ
ǣҲһԵӥܵһŨĻԪЩӥͨôҲûԪ
ϡ
ƺǸӦ˳ԵעӣӥҲͣ
ӥǼɣ˭ͻơΪ޷ӥҲȥѯʡ֮ץʱ콫ҹСɾ磬ȻþԪԪΪ
ϡ
ӥһȻӥĿ
ⶴѨУǵǲõĻ޻࿿šǰžĶѨУҲԵһʱ
ӥʼҲ飬˫ۼ
ݡ
ȻʱһɫĹâȻĵֶ͵شĺ󾱡
ţ
ͬһʱ䣬˫Ŀ齣ն£ˮмû˿ͣ͡
͡
齣ĽֱնлɫĹâǹâʱһ̲ɫҺڵء
Իͷȥʱͫȴһ£ΪǻɫҺ壬ȻѪҺնеĶȴһֻͨɫࡣ
ֻȥͨӥղ󣬳צʱѪҺͨͨðݣͬʱҲһȵİ
ǡ񣿡֮󣬳һϲ֮ɫ
񲢲ޣҲߣһֻ߽ǣҲἫΣաһ㶼ҽÿһֻڣһűʯֱʯߣĪĺô
ʯȻ㲻Ʒ̲صĻ֮ȴǿԴǣӶǿȡ
ã
ƺ뵽ʲôеľϲ֮ɫȻһ䡣
ݣݣݡ
ͬһʱ䣬ܵĵص£ʮɫĹâȥ
Ȼ
ʮâԼû˿֮ɫȫɢһȫƿء
ݡ
һ̣һĽʱɢϯķ齣Ҳ̳֮ʮʵʰĽȥڰ羫Ŀ£ÿһǶ׼һĻɫâ
͡
ɫâȻѸݣ磬ԵĽٶȸ죬ԲЩֵܵĽնɱʮֻĻ޲ǱնΣڵءɫҺɢܣɢ˵Ϣ
ϡ
ڻɫâճʱӥ˳״̬ǰȥԣȴϽգ۹ЩȻ;Ընɱ
ȺӶǸղŷӦЩ˵һ鷳Щļ£һֻвһȺҲ壬䣬ÿιֶ͵ϮֶΣһСģпܻ
һصĻʬ壬бӿֳһɾϲ֮ɫʮŻʯЩʯҺܹܿҹСɵľ硣
˵ţԱǰȥתԪסƣЩʯһſŵشӻʬռ
ͳһ£ܹжʮ˿Żʯ
ӥ֣ʯǶԷְɡԲδʯȫԼʯеĻ֮ž޴ӥͬǳ
ϡ
ӥ˷ܵһδܾҲܹܵʯ̺Ļ̷֮ڣ϶԰壬ʵ
ʯһӥ󣬳ҲΧѾǻɫҺ壬ֱӽһŻʯŽУ̷ȥǿת𡶻ҹ
һɹȵһ˿˿Ԫӻʯɢһ֮䣬ȫתȥǻ֮
ڡҹķĴ߶£Щ֮ܿǱѪա
꣡
Եһ֮뵽Ѫʱֻо񱻻ȼһ㣬쳣Ĵʹ
δ˶ֹͣתҹǽ߶ޣϵŻ֮Ѫȫںϡ
ܿ죬ӹȥŻʯеĻ֮Ǳȫա
֮֮ܵ󣬳û˿ԥʣµʮŻʯһſŵطУ߶šҹķա
ӾҵĴʹ鳽ÿһϸȻԳ֮ǰһûĲʣüͷδһΡ
̤ŵĲô
ĿŻʯеĻ֮󣬳бһϲ
ʱѾǷ˺⣬ϣǺ
ԭԤڶѨҹһʱͿԴﵽŵĲΣ˻ʯ֮Ȼ˲һͷ
ֽȣóгϲ⡣
£ͣʣµĻʯһſŵзš
ҹתٶȣҲǰҲһ
Ļֻ֮ǽ뵽Ѫ⵱УģǱ뵽˹ԼС
͡
ϣ˷һ⣬ë͸һ˿˿ĺɫʡ
һŵĳζʱ
Եɫȥ൱ƽƺֻڽһΪѰȻʱڣÿһϸëףһ˺Ѱʹ־ʹԽκһͨߵǴݻ٣ʹ
Ȼȴδһתšҹһ˿˿Ļ֮뵽Ѫ⡢УرǵܣĻ֮ǼΪ
ҪȻҲҪŴȻǽҹСɾ磬Ҳ޷ԪΪ̫ࡣ
Щ֮һ˿˿ԪҲڻ֮ں£ЧãǿųԵ塣
ЩԪһ̷ԪʱԪ
֮£ϵϢҲǿ
һԣʱӥѽʮĿŻʯȫϡʱ֮ǰԵСɢϢ֮ǰҲǸΪǿһ㣬ﵽ߽ڡ
ųϵϢ˫ڵӥͫУȴ¶һĨɡ
ҹȻδ׵ĹʦµߣȴǼرǽŻСɾ磬ЧԵøԡ
ʱȻδҹɣɢϢȴǱԪΪҪ߳٣ȻǴﵽ߽׺ڡ
ңϢۿɹ۵ٶȣ
Żʯ֮󣬳ͣ˫ۡ
ʮĿŻʯеĻ֮áҹﵽСɾˡгϲʮ˿Żʯȫãﲻɾ磬ҲȥԶԴòףΪԵӥʱҲǸܵϢǿ


66 
ӥǵѣȻƽֵʧ֮¡ӥʵҲĸеˡ
ڻʯȻⶴѨгһλ񣬶ȻĻڣãҲ
ϡ
ӥųԷһϲϵϢҲܵˣȻҪǿϲֹһߣﵽ߽׵۷Ρ
߽۷塣
һ߽۷塣
ԽҹСɾ磬Ǵﵽ߽۷塣ʱǲԪҲԱһ߽۷ߵȫһˡȻֵͬ׵ȡƵġ
ȻȴǲͬΣĿĲΪԪ
߽۷壬ҽԪΪһ˽׵ĲˡûԥԴӻнԪȡ˳
ڳĿžԪԼһ߽۷ˣֻȡžԪ
һͷֱӽžԪһ븹С
ԪΰԾԪ緢ڳԵĿ֮£ŵתȥ
ԪеԪ൱ٺʱдֻܽս뵤ＴɡΪͻƵ߽ףΪ߽ڣҾﵽʦΣԪٶȱ֪϶١
žԪһתΪۻԪǱԾǣ뵤Ԫͬˣڵҳ䲻񱩣ֳȣȴ൱׳ۡԴ˳Բᣬþ뵤ԭԪںϡ
Ԫ뵤ǸͻƵ߽ڵԪۿɲٶȣ
߽۷塢߽׺ڡ߽۷塭
ʱ󣬳ɢԪӲǴ߽ڣﵽ߽۷壬Ƚ׸պǴͬһΡ
ʱеԪѾһޣҪٽȻҪһͻơ
ڵ֮⣬ȻŽһľԪ
һͻưɡ
߶еľʣµһԪһ뵤

ɰԪƺХˢĵ
Բ˿ģԪһںϡ
ںϣȻͻƣԪԲһķչԻ⼫ĸӰ졣

رĵȻѾžԪԪʱҲǴﵽһܵļޣСĽЩ˵Ҳ
һʵĳ˵һجΡ
ȫĵͶ뵽ԪںУԲ뼰
һʱ󣬳ԵУһưɫڳ

һ̣߽۷ϢͬբĺһɴܶϣͻƼޣﵽ˰˽׵ĲΡ
ͻˣ
˫һĿ
ϡ
һԵӥͻƣϲһ
ӥ֣лˡ
Ҳǻϲ߽ͻƵ˽׳ڣʵ˵һȻڻ޷ʦǿߣʦ֮µߣȴǿԸΪɵؽˡ
ﲻʦʵڻǲ̫⣬и
ȻĿҪﵽʦĲΣĿǰ˵ҪﵽʦǴﵽԶԸǳĳ̶ȣȻĻֻ⣬ܻعǡ˵ʲôȴһЩҪ
磬ٺọ́ԼҵĸˣⶼҪȥɡ
ԸԸȥĵ׶һִȥɣδ£㽫Ϊ½ϵ۷ǿߣĵ׵ִȻɢȴ
ԼҲ뾡촦Щ£
ϡ
ӥȻһſһѨǰǽָָ
ţ
ԴɻĿ⣬ӥָķȥ֪ʱǽϣһһһ
âְɫ·Ѫһ㡣
ǣüͷ΢壬˼Ƭ̣ӥ֣ǹȥ
ⰵɫĹâǰδ֣ڼȻѨڣȻۣϣ˸ŵĺ⣬ȴԽáӭϢҲڽӾ硣
ӥ֣Сĵ㡣Ÿеӥ
ȻԴӵһϮ֮Ҳδ񣬵ⶴѨУ˻Ҳѱûδ֪Σա
ս齣ͬʱתžԪȷʱԷ
󣬳΢ӿ첽ǰȥ
ɺ⣬ӦþǴǰ洫ˡ
˽֮󣬳ԷźӥŷŲ
ʱܵ£ǴﵽٶȣԪס壬濾ãͷҲͱչˡ
ͷȼ㣬һٶȶδﵽ
ʮ׺󣬳Ǽǰһͨڣͨڴǲĺ⣬÷·ҪγѪ
ͨ⣬һɼΪȵϢǳδߵͨڣǸܵȵϢǴﵽٶȡ
ٶȵĸ£߽µߡ
ȻҽϢȻҽҽϢУƺϢţޣǿľȻܹܵĶʱߵȻȣȵϢУȴᵽһ޵ζ
ȻζܵܵҪȵϢȫڸǣȻŵˡ
һʱж޵ʵ൱ֲҲδﵽ޵ĲΡ
Ȼޣǰȥֺη
ȻѾߵͨڣҲǾɴǰȥСЩҲһᱻֻ޸֡ҶҽشޣҲΪȤ
ٶǰʮףߵͨڴͨգʮɾ룬ȻԶȴÿóԸӰȫع·
ȻôͨĿȥǷֻ뻹ʮһֻͨǴСһ
ĵ棬ΧҲ⣬ǧƽס
ֻǵʱüͷȴǶȻ
봦ȷһҽҽǺܿ㣬ǧƽס
ҽҲһۣΪܿ㱻ҽΧľҽԣֻĻվš
⻹ֻ߷ΧڵĿǼĻҲᳬǧֻ
˻⣬ҽԵһʯ棬վֻͳһɵĻɫʨӡ
ֻʨӲ࣬Ψ΢Щ࣬ϵëǻɫͬȼյĻһһ
ʱǵĿ⣬ǶŲԶҽ
ȻǾŽ۷Ŀ񱩻ʨףѵҽжڿʲôڷһ˿Ŀ˳ſ񱩻ʨעӵķȥǷҽ룬һ˸ǿҺͬĻɫֲ
ǣüͷ΢΢𣬶ֲǰڵ伮пڴδʵмһʱ֮侹ͻȻ벻


67 ս
ǻʱԵԺкȻһӡ
񡣡
΢΢ϲѾַԺУѣҲ˻Ǻֱ
һּΪҩΨҽżѰáܹٲ⼸ҩǿΪ
һֶ߰ĵҩڻҩԼǿѰߵͳܲˣҪʦϵ巽ſԳҩԡ
ȻǻޱȵľϲȻΪδﵽʦΣջȻǼ󡣲ֻ񱩻ʨԼֻıһӸ޷
һֻȻǧֻĻȴѾԶɼвرǻֻŽ۷Ŀ񱩻ʨóԲ
Ž۷Ŀ񱩻ʨѰطѾȳʦʱҽΧһֻŽ۷Ŀ񱩻ʨǿнʦֻ񱩻ʨȻ൱нʦˡ
ټǧֻĻ񣬿¾Ǹ߽ʦþռñˡ
ƱҪŪ֣ζԸ񱩻ʨЩ񣬵ǲǲˡͻȻ
ʵΪΣ
صغΰɣ֪ˡ

Щɻ󣬲ӷĻһԵӥҲǱԡ
ȻͨǽϵһЩ϶ȻԿõͨ龰
Ȼǣ
δȶ೤ʱ䣬ԱǿһȺӰһͨС
ЩˣǰδԡϹٻˡ
Ϲٻ·ǧϰֻĻԼֻ񱩻ʨ˸һƾâĳԼһʦܴǵֻ񱩻ʨҪɱǣȻǵʬ彻ң𣿡
ǡٳ
κܴޱصͷȴЩɬ
񱩻ʨǾŽ۷ޣѰطǶ˵ҲŰսնɱ
ʱսصȴҽΧ񱩻ʨսǿǷǡΪʦҪɱ񱩻ʨȴԵЩġ
ȻϹٻ´Ȼǲ˿ӡ
ţϹٻصͷʮ߽˵ЩǺһ£ڵĻʯˣҲòţôͦ鷳ġ
ǣٳ
Ϲٻһɸ߽߶Ӧţֻǵһ൱գ˼Žôܻȥ
СЩƾǸ߽ߵʵһֻʮֻввǣ·Ŀֻ
һСģôĶ֪
ѩزҲŵ㣬ԸЩ񣬾;ҿ£Ϲٻһĵӡ
⻰ֱһȺƤֱ鶯
ʦǿ߶Ը˻Щ߽ʲôȥͻ
š
һԵŷѩϹٻĻȻû˿飬ȴҡͷΪ˼͸ף治ְ׳մһ
زǳмĸ׾Ķӡ
ףǣ
ŷѩֻ񱩻ʨʱȴǺȻҽУһ˸ǿҺĻɫֲ
Ȼǻ
ֲʱʱ
ٳ㿴ҽ棬ǻȻʱ𾪵ȴͻȻӺ

ϹٻĿһʱҽȥҽеĻɫֲжʱ˸һĨ˷֮ɫȻǻû뵽ôˣˣҿӻǲҪġҽȥף׿϶ǳˡ
ʦ֮͵ҩĸ׿϶ͷƤҪõ
˵ΨдʦʷſԳܵסҩԣǲΪֻüҩеȻ̷ֱ߽ʦҲǿԳҩԡ
ȻĻǽøֵʹ̫˷ˡ
ŷѩü΢壬û뵽ǱϹٻ˸ˣҪû鷳
֣Ҫ֣ʱһҽҸףٲǵ͡ϹٻһһʦۻϢͷŶ·˶ȥ
Ҷ֡
ܴɢһɸǿϢǴﵽ˶ʦĲΡ
£˱չηӶ£գۼ㳬Ϲٻɱֻ񱩻ʨ
һڸ߽ҧҧҲǸɱȥ
С㣬ǣŷѩزʵ
ŷѩһҽµĻ˻Ҳȥɣʱټ¡
£Ҳ·ȥ
ǶɢϢǴﵽʦΣرŷѩزǲѷɫܴǶˡ
𡭡
ֻ񱩻ʨһʱɱתȥɱԼľȻ࣬±ŭϵëͷųһŻɫĹâŭɱǳǵĳܴǡ

ܴǶˣһʱֻ񱩻ʨɱһ
ݡ
ֻĻϹٻ˺󣬶ʱŭǵȥ

ϹٻмŭһɢһɵԪϸǰ׹תǳĻһƴһ缦㱻ĵ÷顣
ЩҽɵĻȻޣҲǿͨĽҲǶ֣ȱǣϹٻŷѩʦǿߣݺһ
Դʦǿ߼ӡ
ݡ
͡

гʦǿߣȴŲٵĸ߽ߣǵʵԸʮֻȻûʲô⣬ȴֻһģ߽߱͸壬
˿ڴѪսƵĺɫڳ
ҶСĵ㡣һŽصѡ
һȺûõļһϹٻسһû뵽ǾȻ񶼶Ըˡ
ԴҲöᣬֱҽɱȥ
ԽǿҽǹĻԽܼʦʵȫõĻᱻˣܼһ̶ȣҲǰһ
ܵͨУҲʱʱʮֻĻսţϹٻҲɲ
ǻҶԸЩ񡣡
Ƭ̺ϹٻЩͷȻڻĹб֤ԼˣôĻίʵԿҽ
ԶĻϹٻķԸЩڶѱ뵽Լְ𣬻ǾϹٻ£
ŷѩĮƳһۣûпȥزרĵضԸ
ȻҲõΪԼ壬ҪϹٻĹϵֽȻĻزȥժȡ


68 ֣
ǺǣǼһﻹΪôöԸء
ͨУע·һĨڽ
ȻʲôĶʤڶࡣڵ˵ڵĻʯǲٿŵĻʯɲܾ˷ˡڳԺ𣬡ڻȻ԰Ƴڵȣ֪ʱܴﵽʦء
⻰δ˵Ȼ̶ʱ䣬ԪΪʹ۷˰˽ߵĲΣȫʹﵽ˾Ž۷Եʡ
һͻƵʦͣͲǰԪҲͬԽ
ͨʽҪþ׵ʦҲҪµʱ䡣ҪﵽʦҲҪʱ䡣
뵽㣬ЩΣġʱĹ׹ǿԱ֤ڽʦ
һƾ齣ԪΪҲԾȥ
ˣ㵽ʦʱһ취㾡ʦġƺµʲô
һϲģ
Ȼѷˣصһӡ飬˸߸λʦܰԼγʵܿ
Цһɱϣȫϣһ;ߵһȫǿԼ֮԰㣬ҲϣΪ֮Ҳָܾ
˶٣⣬ҲһҪƳɻҩ㹻Ļһǿ԰Ƴһֵҩʵﵽʦ󣬱ʹá
ʦͿʹáоϲ
ˣڻôɣֻ񱩻ʨɻλʦءٺһЦǸŮϰ㣬ҪûҲء
Ե䵽ŷѩϡ
ȻĿһƺϹٻϵϰȻΪλһ𣿲ˣұҪᵽ֡£ʵڲҲóȥƴһѡ
ȻϹٻ˶񱩻ʨԼסȻû֡ھͳȥժȡЩϹٻ˵Ļ񣬿϶Ὣìͷת
Ϲٻ˵ֵס˿񱩻ʨͻҲԻͨϹٻ⻢н
𡭡

ʱ񱩻ʨսһܴǣα񱩻ʨײɫҲ˲һĨ԰֮ɫ
ܴǣʲôһĻϹٻŭһû뵽ܴλöʦȻᱻһֻŽ۷Ŀ񱩻ʨˡ
ܴɫ൱ѿٳֻ񱩻ʨѾ˾Ž׷룬벽̤޾ˡ
Ž۷Ŀ񱩻ʨѾǿȶʦ벽̤޾Ŀ񱩻ʨʵȫʦѹסҲѹܴǱͷ񱩻ʨˡ
벽ޣϹٻɫҲѿ뵽Ǻȵǲǰ벽ޣҰҸ׽ĳóʹá
ԣܴһϲɫȻʹǳ𱬣Ҫնɱͷ񱩻ʨûˡ
𣡡
񱩻ʨⱬȵϢͷŶг֮⣬ͬһŻܴǡ
ѾǰЩͣһΣ¶Ҫȫ߸˺Ƭ

ܴâұȻ˦һĨɫĹâʱе˲ڳɱĿ񱩻ʨ͸¶ϡ
䣡
һҵıըʱڿ񱩻ʨͷ­𣬴Ƭâͷ­ǣ񱩵ϯΧһЩֱӱʳɷ顣
ܴλʦҲǽססΡ
ǳĿ񱩻ʨͷ­ը飬ΨѪɫ˵ڵϣǻɫֱӵ£ȫɥʧ
ʲôȻô󡭡
ǰ񱩵Ŀ񱩻ʨתۼͱը͸¶òЩµ˵
ϹٻˣԷҲôһУû˿취Եֵ
һһԵԪг˱ɱѷɫһĽʦȫһҲõģͨʦóըҲҪʦܿƳ𱬡񵭵˵
ĽʦȫһǲıΪΪ΢ԵʣҲδӴ౦
м˵ȻԾ鲻㣬ôɢͨ۷ʦԵֵ
ĿһʵѵҲƳ𱬣
Ҳƣ֪ҪԺƵģƳĳ𱬣϶ҪǿöࡣٺЦţڱôˣΪδﵽʦ֮ǰҾˣҲʩչˣر壬޷־޴ķ
ԣкöԼҲûʵȥðεЦЦ˵İɣһᾡͻƵʦġ

𡭡
·һֻ񱩻ʨɱ֮һֻ񱩻ʨʱһߵĺЩΪȽ߽װ˽ߣĤЩܡ
ſ񱩻ʨ£ܵͨУȻǽӶٶȷӳֻ
Щ·Ҫأʣµļ߽߳ɱȥ
ʱ䣬Ⱥ߽ɫǴ䣬һЩΪ΢΢ЩģǱͷܣҪ롣
˶Ļǿûһ˿İձ֤Լ
ԽˣԽлὫǻɱ
͡͡
߽۷߱͸壬
Ѫɣ
ۿԽԽĻۼϹٻ̲סһָϵɫָʱ̹貣ѪȮڳ
ء
ѪȮһ֣ǴһϢϯ
ݣ
ûһ˿ǵĻ񣬿ɲᱻϵϢסһ֣ϰֻĻͽìͷתͬһ֧֧ʸȥ
໡
ѪȮھŽޣķԸ߽ͨ߿Ա⣬ǻײϣҲ޷̫˺
ȻΪӴ޷ܿеĻ񣬵Ҳûгơ
ȻѪȮ·ᵽʲôϢһ㣬һ˫۶ϢȥǿڵѾûͷ­Ŀ񱩻ʨʬ塣
ڿ񱩻ʨĲϣ̵Ѫʶͬҽ죬һȵİɢưɫһҫš
໡
һĻѪȮʱһ˷ܵķͽһеسֻ񱩻ʨȥ
ԽԽĻҲ³ֵȻȥҪס
Ȼûǣڿ񱩻ʨȴȫǳĵ׵ľη
ʱѪȮȻͼ񱩻ʨǶʱһС
ٳֻĻͬȳ˷ѪȮ
ܴǣѪס񱩻ʨʬԵϹٻ
ȥﳣλɱһֻ񱩻ʨܴ⻰̲ס鴤һ¡


69 
ֻĻʲôȥոպͿ񱩻ʨսһڵԪ˴ء
ϹٻȻҲǵת򣬸߱ѪȮ˿񱩻ʨʬ塣
ֻȴһʱˣΪѾֻ̤޵Ŀ񱩻ʨôԣ
ء
һֻͳսһĿ񱩻ʨϹٻĻʱһ嵽ĺ޾Թ벻ʡ
һ̣˳ǳһƣȻתΣųԼѪȮȥ

ʱϵϢȻǱÿޱȣһɷ񵽼Ϣϱ
ãҪԱˡ
ξشһæźˡ
벽޵ԱҲܡ
ʲôԱܴɫɲǼòҰףëҲȻ𣬾Ҫ׼ˡ
䡭
Ȼһ̣һɱǰʹó𱬻Ҫ񱩵Ŀֲ˲ϯܣѪȮ޷ܣֱӱɿֲȫû
¡¡
ֲɢʮףвһЩδü˿ĸ߽ߣǻɿֲ£һǱըɷ顣
ϹٻλһʦҲˡ
ȻԱˡͨڴĳԿ·һĻϱȻԵýΪƽ΢΢ˮ
ʱҲսţ治ءľȻﵽʦΣɻûֵ񱩻ʨԱĿֲ
ֻ񱩻ʨɱˣϹٻһʧȥһʦµЩ鷳Եüͷܿû˿񱩻ʨǣסԷʦǿߣû취ԸϹٻ
ķչҲܿƣǰܴóҲ뵽ģһֻ񱩻ʨԱǳ˵ϡ
ģ񱩻ʨȻԱˣǻǻмֻҪȻûҲþô򵥡ٺٵ˵ңϹٻˣֲϾܸϵǧǣ·ȫԽɱ
·ɱ㵱ʦǿǳԸɷءԷ˸ۣһ˽ȥɱʦǿߣǲǼʯͷ
ЦǲǳԸɷҲ֪֪϶׷
⻰Ե۾Ҳ
ԷȷǺǵǲܻ׷

ΣЩȥȡ񱩻ʨɢĿûиøϹٻƣȻЩʹѪȮʱȻں
ǡٳ
ɫصشӦһո񱩻ʨһսĿνǼ󣬲ǵһʱϵϹٻߣֵĹ
ոտ񱩻ʨԱȻɱܴѪȮҲʹôĻ񱻽ɱʱʣµĻѾֻʣ²һǧ
һǧֻ񣬳ĲסŷѩزԼŽߣųֻ߰ϹٻͳΡ
Դˣϳ˿ɬδˣҧؽڵԪ߶£İ׹⸡ƲϻӳĻ
С㡭
زһһֻŷѩԣŲԶĳԼϹٻˣһĨɱ⡣
ŷѩĮҡҡͷҲ붯֣ȴ֪һˣϹٻĸ׾㲻֪ˣļ壬޴ΣС
ҽĻϹٻг˼˷֮ɫҽ׸˸ף϶ǳˡһˣ˵ͻһ󣬵ʱҾŷǸϹϽŷѩ޸ҡ
ŷѩĻԼݣоһڲֹ
Ϲٻָϱɫָ΢΢һһ˫ɫ׳У״ϣעԪϱɢһ΢ĺڹ⡣
ݡ
ʮֻɱ
ߣ
Ϲٻһͬ㽫ʮֻĻĳɷ顣
ûõĶ
ԽԽĻ͸εķɱϹٻֱת׵ֿҽľٴ
ߣôɵȡ߻ûšͨУԿϹٻҽжʱһɱ⣬Ҳ˲̫࣬ۻľΣͬȣ˲䴩ư׾롣
һ
ݡ
齣бһŰ罣Ϲٻıġ
˭
סϹٻͲȻһǿҵΣУɫ䣬ҧ
ˡ
ĽϹٻϣϴŵһԪױȻǱһ飬ѪʱȾƣͬʱҲ
ȻֵˣǸ˲ʡĵļһﰡԶŷѩһʱ䷢Ŀһʡ
زŷѩɻС㣬ô죬ѾϹٻõˡ
ŷѩҡҡͷЦ𼱣ϹٻҪ߻ô׵ġ
ѵǸСܴϹٻ
ž֪ˡ
ˣȻ㡣·㲻ߣŴӹһ٣ұɥڴˡ
ͷϤӣϹٻ϶ʱֳŨŨŭֱ̹һǻɫĻʧ
һĻɫ΢䣬û뵽ϹٻռָȻװ£ǧǳ֮ӡ
ѾУϹٻռָҲ֪ϹٻʦǿҲ
־ڱصá
С飬
Ϲٻһһε˫бͬ籩ϯ򳽻ԡ
ʦǿ߷ӵеֶΣ񹥻

籩ֱӴӳԵɫɣûκα仯
ľܣ㲻Ǹ߽ߵķѡϹٻԼĲ²ģԵľĴﵽʦʵֲ̫ˡ
±ŭһǲģֻҪ㻹ûͻƵʦɡ
£׹ⱩǣԪΰӿǵųѹȶȥ

ϹٻɽЯޱȵĿϢ˳Եͷ­
ɱңûô򵥡
Ȼȴڴ˿̶Ȼ˳׾룬һǰռԪȻֹرԪΪĵش״Եԡ
齣
һ齣ЯŴĿ⣬ƿռ䣬˲ҵĺХ֮ʣǵϹٻǰ
ʲô
̲ص֮⣬Ϲٻɫޱ䣬ʶػӳƣ˿е


˲һ˿ĴʹдƴϹٻжʱ¶˼֮ɫһһ֮ȻԼˣ


70 ջ
ôܣ

ԶһĻŷѩزǷ˱仯
ǰǶ֪ԵԪΪ߽ףֻоΪΪǿ󣬳ܹ֮ɱԬͿ伸ˣҲǿž
ʱֳǿսɲȫž
µĽĽ⣬ɲǵоܼġȻʦǿߵĹҲȥԶ
룬ҪϹٻִλǿˡ
ݡ
ԲܸϹٻĻᣬе齣ڴ˿̺Ȼն¡
Ϲٻʵȷǿﵽʦ𣬵ս飬ȴ൱ܹ֮֮ڶʮͽԪʦʮа˾ǿŵҩ֮
ȽҲǱȾŽ۷΢ǿЩһߵУǵ׵Ĵڡ
ң
ϹٻлȻһĨ־塣
˶սʱ֪ôġ
ųԵЦ£ĽҲȫϹٻס

ؼʱ̣ϹٻеԪɶȫ£ͬԲ࣬һ
һһֱӴ󺰣ҡ
Զֻһĳɫ΢΢һ䣬æӦ֮ʣδսҲϹٻΣκԼ޷±Ǵ󺰣ŷپٳ
ϹٻԸ˵ˣҲΨŷѩ˵ʦǿ߷ſԶԸʣµǼŽҲǲС
ʵڱǸЩ̫鷳ˣ޷
ֻǶϹٻͳεĺȣŷѩδȥ̫ᣬֻ
˵仰֮ŷѩǱԼȻɬԶԵĿ⣬ȴǴЩڴԳҲģֻǽϣˡɱʧ
ŷѩ㾹ȻҲңŮˣ㲻ļӴûôŷѩĻϹٻŭɶгԹߡ
ݡ
Ȼ䣬Ľֱ
ס֡ҪʲôҶ㡣ס֡ϹٻǲŨŨΣæóͣ֡
ˣ
ԸᣬתֱǰϹٻ
ϹٻԹʱеԪעұ۵УΪƣݺ齣
͡
Ϲٻ̫͹齣ķ̶ˣǴű׵齣ʱѱҽ۵ЩƵףͬ㱻ֱи
İֻƣҲǼż˿Ѫ˳ȥ

ƱжϣϹٻʱһʹĺС
ߡ
һݣȾѪİУָϵɫָһϲֱӽȡ¡
Ȳ֮£ֱӲݾռָУռָȻϹٻһӡǣϹٻľͺͬһΡ
ľû̫谭ֱӽϹٻһӡǣռָռΪС
öռָĿռһСȻǿʢװʱռ䵱УһŻɫɢϢĻţ˻֮⣬ɫСƿȻΪصĶ
ֻ󣬳һϲɫ
ⶫڻ䵽Լˡ
ҵĻϹٻܿͲԼѾռָȫʧȥϵɫ䣬һ뵽ǿĽȴûǰǽĿ˲ԶŷѩŷѩٸһλᣬҶɱȻĻŷңһºԻԶ˳ǧǵʷ̨
ϹٻŷΣ㸸Ϲٽ޷ƾʲôʸ˵⻰ŷѩһ
ã̬һʵ㱨ҸףŷҸҵŰɡϹٻ۾򳽻ԣСӣҸû꣬ҵš
ɱⱬȻ㻹Զظɡ
ƾһߣңֱǳ롣
ȻڳԸҪ֮ʱϹٻ»Ȼ׹һαͬӶ𣬴ڽһͨУѸٵʧֻһԹŷѩŷһΪ޴Ϊʹۡ
һĻüͷ΢壬Ϲٻô⣬Ϲٻ֪ݣǡ
ԽĿ˲Զŷѩ
ᣬȥ
ŷѩϸֳһĨЦ⣬ٺţɷ
ȥϹٻĻһ㶼ϡ
ԿŷѩԼ΢ЦʱչֳЦݣ΢΢̾˵ŮӣòþΪ֮
ǰ٣ȻΪһŮӵòʧ̬±΢΢һЦȭ³ԣлϴεԼ˴ε顣
ҽŷѩϴҲǾ֮ͣ㲻õлһΣԩ޳㶯֡ŷѩЦ˵ԵΪ󷽡
һЦȴûټ˵ȥ飬ס˱С
С㣬ǣزǰһָָԶϰֻĻɱһĳΡ
Ȼһʦ֮ǰ񱩻ʨһսʱ˴ԪΪ˰Ϲٻסһּ״̬˿״̬Ѿ൱⣬ǿǿľ֧ţ˵ǱʵнߵĻɱ
˳֮⣬ŽҲǱֻסŷѩزΪʦʵ϶ɶ١
ŷѩ㾹ȻǸһٳǲŹġɱٳпԭ㡣ɱŷٵΣûǳ˵İŷο϶޴Σ
ηһŭյϣΧɱĻȴ˿ڡ
ŷѩųΣɫȴΪƽ󵭵زɡ
ǣС㡣زͷۻԪɢֱ˳Ρ
ϹѩͷβûȻǴ۷״̬زųγֺûУǽθնɱΣزɱŽߣᣬŽ߱㲽˳κ󳾡
ЩΧɱ˵ֻΪʧȥĿ꣬ȴزȥزΧס
⼫Ϊ˵ĻزʱҲԽ価Ĩɱ
ӣȥزѻɣЩͦ˵ġŷѩüͷ΢΢˵
ЦɣܻȽϿ㡣
˵ţԱǰȥϵ齣ǽʣĽ齣ҫš
ݡ
󣬳ξֱսţ齣Ƶһ㣬ϵػնĽһһ㸨ɢϢʱ䣬Ļ⽣Уֱ˺ѿĸо
ƣ
һĽϱһĽʸͬʱǰ˽׵ԪҲɢĻ񣬾顣


71 ǧ
ǹԪǰ˽ףôܣǲ߽ڵԪΪôһת۾ͳɰ˽ˣŷѩزʱŷӦ˹ղųϵԪǴﵽ˰˽׵ĲΡ
˽ԪΪ˵ֵһᣬǸеǣһ֮ǰԵԪΪ߽ڶѣ˿̾˽һȽס
ҳɢԪϢ˿ûи鸡ĸоͺһư˽һ㣬ʵ֮С
С㣬϶ӦǿŵҩģֻһʱѾҩԪ뵤ڵԪȫںϣԲŲ鸡ĸоһԵز˵
ԣŷѩ˵ͷҲ֪ԵľΪԶԶԪΪԪΪٶȿ죬Ҳˡ
ϡ
սӥҲŷزĻһʾ
ȻҲ֪Ԫ֮죬ȷǿŵҩİǣ֪˰Ҫ˵
ľȽԶԪȽףпܻųΪʦ츳šڿڽϵ裬ҲǼΪ֮ǰۣ»еˡŷѩĿһе𺳡
ϡ
Աͣӥһ
ӥͦάӵŷѩĿһص߹ĳԣЦ̾û뵽ڽ򣬾Ȼﵽȳ̶ȣѩ
һԵزҲͷղ볽ܸܵԽеɱ
ǺǣʦǿߵĹȫ΢ĩ֮΢΢һЦָָɢڵϵһѻʯ֪Щʯ費Ҫ
ŷѩҡҡͷŷȻҲһˣʹһЩҩʯеĻ̫֮ˣʹ²ͨܳܡ
ȻˣҾͲˡһϲҲ˲úŷѩ˵ֱתȥϵһſŻʯ
ϡ
ӥ״ҲǰȥæһſŻʯۼһųȡ

һĻŷѩز϶ӿֳŨŨ֮ɫ
ѵһߣ
ôܣ
ǰչֳּߵ츳һųΪʦ츳һڽ裬˿̣Ȼܻһߣ
𳽻Ԫһھʹ߽˽ײΣǸƶ㡣
𾪵ǣȻʹͨҩʹöʹĻʯ
Ҫ֪һЩΪʦǿߣʱɶʹҩʹûʯİ
С㡭زЩ̲ס˵
ŷѩҡҡͷʾԼ֪ô
ӣԲŽʯռװռָջҲǼ󣬻ʯȻǳһǧš
˶Ļʯӥﵽʦʱ¶ʣࡣ
ҳ˻ʯҲϹٻЩʬһռ˽һٿŵľԪ⣬ֻֻ̤޾Ŀ񱩻ʨҲǱԸ˿ռָС
ӣ뿪ɣ㿴ΣŷѩųԽʯԪԼ񱩻ʨ˶ռ֮󣬱Ц˵
õġԵ˵ͷ
£һӥ뿪ҽأڳͨƬ̺ƽ档
һ·ϣŷѩڻ飬ȴֲֻᣬ·𳽻Եõ֪һ㡣
Լŷѩû£иΪмʱҲûʲô԰ŷѩģҲֻǽݸмУԺ˻ͼر
Ԫص࣬ˮԪصڳһЩˣɲȷЩո뿪ͨԺзӿֳһĨ֮ɫлһЩȷɣƿصķ֮ʵ̫ˣֻίˡˣɱҰ
˵ţǷֳһ˿֮򳽻Ե塣
ţô£ҵ塭
ո߳Ѩõĳɫ΢΢һ䣬ŲҲֹ֮ͣĽŲֹͣɫǳ׷˱仯ҵ壿ôƲ壿⡭
ӣû°ɣ΢ǰһŷѩҲͣ˽Ųתɻʵ
ûԸҪشȴȫܿƵǰ˹ȥ
һˣȫŷѩϣû뵽ԾȻԼʱҲκζ£ǱԸӵ˻
ŷҲǹģԡԲ𡣡Խŷѩӵ뻳кæǸ˵
ŷѩһǱͨͨ죬ղųʱԱסԼǸʱŭص㡭ſҡ
ڸʲôʱ򣬳ڷӦ϶ǷĹȻܻʧȥƿȨ
ʱ»˶ƿȨҲȷͣæɿŷѩһҲ΢΢Щ죬ٶȵǸŷʵڶԲܾˡ
ӣղΪλ嶯ŷѩܿͱȻȻȻЩɫһ˫ȴֱֱضųԡ
ŷҡһʱҲ֪λشʵǷִ̫ˡ
ԣֱӳƺְɣŷѩȴҲ׷ʣЦ˵
Ȼᡭ
ԺҲֱӽѩɡ
ŷѩἰ֮£ĵ˿õģѩ
£ǰţʱʱг⣬ʱ˵֪Ƕ˲٣ǹϵȥΪܡ
ӥںزʱʱ߾ɫȻܱ߲޾ɫɹۡ
֪ʦŷѩ볽ԲߣЩŷѩͻȻʵ
Ե˵ͷţ
УľʦȻûмͨľʦȴ൱֮ࡣ
ŷѩĿһû뵽ԾȻ֪ʦְҵҲδ룬ֱ˵ҿ㾫Ԫǿ٣ЩΪʦǱʣ֪ȤΪһʦ

⻰ԵɫЩŹ
û뵽Լǿ󣬾ȻŷѩгΪʦǱʡ
Ҳѹ֣˭ԼʱŶ̶գԪΪû١ϿȥԼľȽ׻ԶԪȽס
һϳǸʮа˾űǻӵųΪʦǱʡΪ£߶ԪԪȥ֮󣬾Żõ
ԲͬԼ൱ȻԶԶǿԪΪֻǱϵֻҪһЩʱ䣬ΪԪΪǿԿ뾫ͬһΡ
ǸʱľԶԶԪΪɲǰ򵥡
ЩȻǲ˵ŷѩЦһԵʦ˵ΪܳɹģҪΪһʦҪӵҪҩЩҾ㡣


72 ѩ
赣ģֻҪԸת޾ҿԱ֤ṩԼԴŷѩЦ˵˿ѡ
⻰кȻһȴЦĺˣҾһǸʺԪ
Ŷ
֪ΪΣԾܾŷѩӿֳʧǡһ˿ʧ䡣
ѩǷ飬֪ʲô԰𣿡ŷѩıȻεüãȻŷѩƺʲôҪԼæرֱزϸԵΪԡ
ԵĻزжʱ˸⣬ŷѩ
زʧȴǣŷѩǾ㵵صǷŶ˵ϴ°ǲǾ֮Ͱˣ㲻顭

ǴϹٻģôйϵ
С㡭زЩ̲סˡ
ŷѩתɻزز˵𣿡
״زҲٿڣȴҡͷ̾һ
üͷ΢΢һʱЩԣȷһȴǣŷѩ϶ʲôҪæȴǺϣԼȥæ
ѩļϹٻڵĳͬǧǣŷȻȲϳǿ󣬵ҲĽϵнʦʦָǽʮӴ飬ʦδﵽİ˽ߣѩӦ֪ûʵ鷳ԲŲҰæİɡ
Ƭ̣ԱԵɣ±̾һѩ֪ʵ΢ܰﲻæҵѵĻͰ֪ңҲиסܰһᾡǲܣҲǿ
ԡ
ҵ𣿡
ǡ
㲻˵ֻԼǰǧǴˡ
ðɡŷѩЦ˵ǧǳ˳⣬ܹ壬ռǧеĲҵƾʵǿֳǧǸҵУŷȻһֱĩȻһɵĲҵ˵ҲһȻ࣬Ҳ㹻ŷȥ֮꣬⣬ȴһ巢չΪŷǧһĲҵֲˡ
ҵֳɣǴ֪ôˣûȥʾֱ̣ʵҵֳɣηֵģ
ŷѩ˵ǧУÿ궼һǧ䣬ֻɸӵܲ룬ÿһɳˡ⣬ļͬɳӵܲ롣ȷǰԷֳǧǵĸҵ
˲Բμӵ𣿡
Բμӵģÿ嶼ѰһԮĻᣬһ£Щ岻ȥԮϾǧ䣬һֱԼʵʱԮǲǳԼʵ𡣡
ԵͷʵŷҾΣ
ŷһǿǧǸǰλǰһһֱĬĬŵĹȴͻȻǵĺӵܣڴѾﵽʦΣŷңѾԶԶ˺档һǧ䣬ŷҼпܻᱻ߳ǰ塣ŷѩЦ˵һδŽǰ壬ŷƣ»кܳһʱҪʧǧǵ̨ˡ
Ǻǣڻ䲻ǻûʼô¶ЦŰοŷѩ˵˵μǧЩӵʵΡ
ŷѩܹʸμǧĸӵܣ벻ܳʮ꣬ÿһɳӵܲμӡǧһУȻǻҵʵǿжʮΪͻƴﵽʦģѾǳʮλﵽʦģҲλһǼͻƵʦ
ʦɫʱޱԭѾĺӵʵȽǿȴû뵽ȻϾҪͻƵʦ
ʦʵǳǱȲϰ
ŷѩصص츳ߣߵ֮·ȻδͻƵʦսѾȫѷɫͨʦˡ
Ե˵˵伸ĺӵΡ
ļһʵ࣬϶λϵĶʦΨŷңʮµʦֻλֻҴһ˴ﵽ˶ʦ
أ
һľʵҲǺȴ߹ңһʮĶ۷ʦ
һ۷ʦô۾΢΢𣬡ⳡ䣬ʲôʱУ
һº󣡡ŷѩ˵ⳡŷ˵һĿ飬Ҹ˵ҲһܴĿ飬һ£ҿ϶Ŭġ
ЦʵŬҲѴһ׿׵ĲΰɣҾ˶ףҪⳡбǰΣƺҲûôء
Ǻǣҳ˾ΪҲû취ˡŷѩ¶һɵЦݣҲûϵڲŶʮ꣬ŷҵǰ壬ǻԾ
ҡҡͷŷҵǰ壬ʧȥ˴ҵʵȻˮʱҪ⼸ȣѶȸǼ󣬡һ֮Ҿʵ㹻һǰһǧǡ
Ȼ鳽ҪæΪسŷѩ飬ȴòϡȻ֣ҲûﵽԼȫﲻϵĳ̶ȡ
ʦȻΪңԶһʦڳ˵ѶȲľѾﵽһʦĲΣֻҪ˿һʦĲΣԪΪؽڶʱһʦ
ֻҪΪﵽʦΣԱżȥԶߡ
е鷳飬ȴȥǧ֮ǰҪ취ϹٻȻһݱ¶ҪԵģˡ
һµʱʵ̫ˣʱٳЩҶ㵹żġϾô˵㶼ųΪʦǱʣһɹΪһʦ͵ĻƽһƷֻҪвʦһŷöˡ˵⣬ŷѩ̾һеˣҿԸṩҲܿڶ̶̵һΪһʦοķ򲢲ڴˡ
ԣԵЩΣβΪһʦԼ츳ȴ൱ԼûгΪʦǱʡ
ˣŮоΣ˳ĬʱȴͻȻ
ԵüͷʱԺУδش⣬ʵǰΪͻȻҵ壿
Ҹղһʱ鼱
ղžˣԺҪʲôǾҵͬ⡣ԼԱƿأԼȲϲǷҲֱ˵
ǰҲԺرǸŮȫƿأŷű𣬴ʱһ˿ڵĻᶼûˡ
ˡЩε˵⳽Զ̬ȣ˵ˣ֪ҷһʲôö


73 ̻
öʲôɻʵ
ٺ٣塣
ʲô
һŮԷſӵеʣǧѵһǶǱʣڴﵽʦ֮ǰֳһͻƵʦ֮ĽٶȣԻŵ˵Ĵ˵ӵоŮߣûκι뵤ҩʮ֮ǰΪʦʮ֮ǰΪʦκѡ
ʮ֮ǰΪʦʮ֮ǰΪʦԽסһ
ţȻΪߣȴҲ֪һûнϸߵ츳˵ʦǳΪʦûһ˿ԡһЩ츳ߵˣŴԴԼֹṩҪͻƵʦҲҪٶʮʱ䡣
ڷȴ˵ŷѩûκι͵ҩṩʮ֮ǰͻƵʦȵ¡
壬Ϳµ˳̶
ûʲô취԰ѩһʱｫΪʦðΣԲƽе𶯣ʵ
ƲƲ죬̫˽ˣҲһʱҲʦ
˻ôԶʱ
ˣҾȻʶǾ͸ɴһ׹ֻͨĹȫǱﰡ
Ȼʵ㻹ӵй
뱦һΪԪסססססףÿһױֻΪ³ˡгˡϳˣԼ۷ĸΡ
׹½ϣΪĹΪ½ϣǰ߸δ˵õ׹
Ȼ׹ûУԪ׹ҲûУĹҪʲôʲô
׹УԵĿʱ
׹ȻУһֹһˣĿǰΪòƾ׹Ҳ˰ֱӴ
⻰ҲʵһʱΪȥŻǺøԶԵͽΪȥ߽׹ʮа˾Żʧ͸
΢΢һ죬û˵Ҫ׹ȻûԪ׹ǵʱһ׹ˡ
⻰һʦǼʵҧгݡ
׹ǿһĸ߽ʦûʸĹΨдʦΪϵǿߣŻӵ׹
еľϲԵڻǱ˵ôˣһѩɣŷӦҲûʲôõĹ
Ѿˡ
ŷ£ǰķӡȻһ΢⣬ˣһѡ׹׹ʺһˮơгˣǹ͹һˮ޺ۡͬгˣһһԪ۷Ĺ
Ԫ۷壿üͷ΢΢һ塣
˵ˣɱƲԪ۷ĹΪһĹ׹ӵоߣ϶ȼﵽ˰ٷְ١ŷѩʽĵȽҲؽȥ
⻰ԷŻȻʵ׹ģ
ѾŵĿռָȥˡ
ٺ٣лˡЦֻЦȴЩ̾ŷѩ׹֪һºΪᱩǵʲô̶ȡ
ƺµ˳룬ٺЦˣĽ츳𣿡
ЦŵǺǣ϶˭Ľ
벻Ҳӵֲֿ츳
Ϊ˵ӵоӵеİ
ֻҪӵУͿӵУ
һŶѵа취
Ǽ֮壬ԵŮڵļ֮ڣôҲƣٶȱؽӣַҲκ˺Խɻ󣬷ץץͷһҧˣ˵ֱӵ㣬ȥŷѩԽԽá
͵һҲ߯˰ɣ
ֻǺܿ죬ͷַȻ۾ȻԴԸȥĳһ㡣
ţʲô
һ̣ԱǷĿһۼԼϣԱߵŷѩزԼӥ
Ŀͬŷѩгŭزӥɻ
ҰѩһӥĿⶼԼһʱûзӦʹĽ仰ظһ顣
ڷӦ֮ʱһʱȥϿڽͣѩҲǸ˼㣬ҡҡ
ҡ˰죬ȴ֪ν˵ȥ
ŷѩǸߺˣ͸͸˵ĺƻһÿԵγˮ
ԣ´˵ҿɲô׷Źˡŷѩҧ̧ˮӶųԣߺߵıˣɲôռġ
ͷ󺹣⵱Ҳûȥӻ
ȶ˵
ķ
˳Ĭ˻ᣬеɬɢȥŷѩЦŵʱҲˣҸûǧˡûʲôµĻһǧΣϹٻ
˵֣ŷѩϣʱӿһ˿˪Сһ㣬ҪѲǺܴ󡣡
С㡭زŵþһ֮ǰлնɱϹٻҶ֣ǧǶ֣һ¶ŷң˳ǧǵ̨ǳ״ʧˡ
ѩϹٻ黹ǵԺɡҽҲûʱȥǧǣһһЩҪȥһůû뵽ŷѩΪȻð˴ա
ŷѩҲʶԼ˵ֱ̫ˣδڣΪ˵ûʱȥǧǶԵЩʧ䣬εĺãûóԿ
Ȼǿֻһܼ֮ˡЦЦŷѩ˵
ϹٻԿһֻ֣ʱ䲻ǧǣ϶ɣʱпܻŷҲҪ鷳
ţһºټ档Եͷһ׹ǳϣ׹ȥǶһЩ
һŬ׹ġӳнӹŷѩ˵
Ȼˣǡˡ
ٻᣡ
С㣬˵һ֮ȥǧ𣿡ųԳӥȥķһԵزʵ
ŷѩͷƽص϶ȥġ
زЦһС㣬ȥǧǣǰҲ󰡣ڵΪŰ˽ءµʱ䣬ԳΪһʦһµʱ䣬δҲ̫ˡ
һ֮ڲ̤ʦΣһ֮Ȼǰ˽ߣֻҪϽǧǣҶκ˺ǳҲСŷѩ۾˵ļ棬ǸֳһͬЦգͨˣһЩ츳ߵˣһµʱ䶼ԴӰ˽߿һʦԡǣܷһʱӰ˽ߣʦ


74 ֣
ѽ˵ˣͲŷѩ´´棿ѵ𣿡
˰ѵû˵Ե𣿸ο
ˣҪڷȥŷѩ˵ĵؿء
Уϵ
ʵȥˣòã˵ֻǶкøжأ
ǸҪȥˡ
ҡҡͷԵȷΣϲңֲϸȥǧǣʵﵽ˿ԶԿǳ಩ĵʱһҪǽһЩء
Щʣô뿪𣿾ҪǣҲһʱɣȫŷѩһЩʱ䰡ҪǧǣҲһ
㻹ǰһʵ׹ɡ
ˣʺĹˣڻʦûﵽԻȽסҹԼ̤ѩ޺۰ɡٺٵЦš
ðɡ
ԿЦһҲ֪ԼʵҲʧ׹ܲģҵԺԼΪˣΪ߽׵ĹҲ϶ڵԼ
֮ȾԼΪ
ˣʵ㻹һ취Կʦʦʦʦķ̫ʱ䡣Ĭ˰ᣬͻȻڡ
һʲô취
ŷѩľ尡

ѡ˲񣬿ʼ
ʱǾӥڳѨƬɽʣ²ʮ·̡£ӥǽи߶ȽͣŴӡ
˵ޣǸ߽޶Ǽ٣ԵõĻᱻ޻Ϯʲô
ס㿴ͷӥֻŵģѵӥ·ߵƺѰʲôһӦ̧ͷǿ˷ӥ
һĻæ̧ͷһ۾Ϳӥվӥϵĳԣ϶ʱӿֳһĨŨŨľϲ֮ɫǳԺӥ㷢Ѷ֪λϣ˵ҵˡ
ң
ȻǸҪ̻źʱһȴͻȻǵı
æתվǰľȻǸոշɳϿյĳӥһʱüΪѿ뵽ǵͬڸλϻǳˣǸ̻˵ԣǵλھڸȰ㻹ǸȥλΪãȻڵ״ֿ̬Ľֻ·һ
۾ʱǽҵˣȻ׷׷ɭˣҪҸϾɱ
ߡԣɱλүǽҽ´ǵȻŹ㡣ʶĻھ͸ȥλϣǲȻھͳֽ㡣һһ˵ڽ벻ɭ֮ǰǴϽҰѾǣ಩Ľ֣ˣǿ֮ĩһ˶ɱԡ
ҲΪȺʵδﵽ߽ߵģŸҽ벻ɭѰҳԡ
ԵʵǴ飬ӵɱŽߵǿʵֶΣǿֲڼȻڳˣȻǲٵġҶ˵벻ɭѰҳҲһǳɹնɱ˳Ժǿ϶õҼλϵĿ뽱ͣʱǾһˡ
֪ˡ
΢΢ҡͷȴĮ
ͷôӲҲȽѵ㡣áʱŭԪӿҲųԳȥг͵򳽻ԡ

ȻոտԣҲ䵽Եͷ֮ʱԵȴֱӡؿڴһʱͬ߷ݰ㳯ź浹˳ȥ
꣡
¡
ײһŴϣǿŴֱӶѿڵأ¡졣ص꣬ðѪ󣬱۾һֱӶ
Բδȥض꣬ǽĿһꡣ
ҰɡҡȫǱϱƵİҰɡ꿴ԼʱĿ⣬æڵأųԲϿͷ
ʱĳӶˣͬʱҰˣҲ顣
ʲôˣʲôǿ֮ĩ˼ڸһ¶ûС
̻ɡ
ߵǰ˵
ԣĲ㰡ǴǱơ
Ҳظ飬̻
ʱ̧ͷųԣ֪˵Ǽ٣̻ǲǰѽеĸֶ
⡭ⲻѰ·
ѵ
뵽ĺһӱü򳽻ԵĿ⣬·ǿħһ㡣
ֳɱ⣬һʱԼ˼æҷҷšھͷš
ݣ
ž
ҧݣǰ̻һâʱֱųһѪɫҫ۹⻪
ңȻȲҳҲֻǳȫˡ
ѪɫĹ⻪ԵҲӿһĨŨŨɱ⡣
ھ볽Žǧ״һǰУĿʱʱߴһ·Ǹ赲ǵޣн׻Ǹ߽ףһؽԱնɱ
ǰģһͷ׷ߣϸϸһǼǰԺͼɱԵĽҴϽҰڽҰԱߣǽϣϽƳ塢Ͻ桢ĳϽƱ
磬Ѿɳϰٸӳȥڹȥһʱ䣬ȴһϢûʮа˾Ѿ֪Ȼˡ
Ͻüͷţǽ벻ɭѾкܳʱˣҳ˸߽ߣǻϵгϰλ׵ǰѰҳԡ
ƵȴǣѰ˴죬ȴһӰӶû֡
ϽƳҲǵͷС˽֣ˣ϶ǿ֮ĩ¾Ҫɱһ׻ߣԵóһǵ˷ˣǵ˿϶ڵһʱų̻룬˵ĳԣǵ˻̻ĻᶼûСڹȥôˣȴһϢûУҪˡ
΢ںĽƱ˵ʱұ۴ǿյһͷڳԣǳŨŨԹޣֻҪһҵԣԻ᲻ϧһеؽɱ
Ұɫ൱ѿ൱ûܳų֮ɱǵƻָǽҾԲŻԸԡԳԵٶȣʱ䣬ͻᳬ಩ģǸʱǽҾһֱǣҲ³
һỵ́ԺûɱǾ취ץס̣ԴϽƳĿţȻ˵
⻰ҰҲ΢΢һǱǽĿ˽Ұ飬ҪýҰ


75 պճ
Ұ˻ᣬصص˵ѾΪ˺ĵӣ򲻵ѵ£ǻǲҪд˵²ΪãΪȻͬһΣսʦ֮£ûĶ֡һŭǽҪٵѹҲἫǾϣܹҵԣȻɱɡ
ϵͷ˵òǰͺ򽻹֣ʱҾѾǾŽߣûŽ׵ĲΡһսϣȴʮжδ߹ʵ֮£ģҲֻʦǿߣܻˡȻ𳽻̬ȻҪѷɫһˡ
ϽϧֻҪ²ܳأȻֵʱʦʵֺξ峽ǣ
ʦھͳΪʦˣҲ˵ˡ
ž
ʱһıը𣬽һҫ۵Ѫɫ⻪ɢȾһƬ졣
һѪɫ⻪𣬽Ұͬһʱһ¡
ҵˣ졭ǧˣһΣζҪɱҰشٶȣͬڵ˳ڵķ
һȺˣҲӿֳһŨŨľϲǼѰ˴죬ǸغǽˣǱҵˡ
ֻҪ˸ɱǽҲһˡ
ŽߵٶȺ֮죬յʱ䣬Ұȴһǧ׾룬˳ڵķ
Ž뼤ʱȴЩȻط֣һЦע
ָоͷ·𳽻ڴ˵ϰ졣
ʱûʱȥԺȫҪɱԣֻҪɱԣǽҾͿԸǣõı֮¡
£ֱӺȵСҿ˭ܱס㡣գɡ
졭ȷû˱ңԵػӦһ䣬ǽĿҰ󷽣ûټ˵ȥȤ
㡭
ʱȻᱻԸӣҰһ϶ʱӿֳŭ֮ɫ뵽ϾҪΪԼ꣬Ҳȥƽϣֻþסԣߡ
Ϊ꣬վһԵͷȴʱʱһ¡
Եʵ֮ǰҲ˵
ʦ֮µһˣ
δۿԿɱŽߣȴ֪
ʱҵ˸׷ɱԣ˶֪࣬ǳ಩ĽֺˣΪǿ֮ĩ
ȴ֪Ըûˡ
ң϶Ҫùˡ
Ϊӵܣѡܱų󲻻Լ֡
硭
ûãλϽǷ׷׸ܹʮλ߽ҲǺܿ͸
һ̣ʮĿǾۼ˳ԵϣǵĿгһŨŨļΪǶ֪ǰ֮ǰǱ˵ɷˣǹغǽҵ
ֻҪǽǰвɱǽҽвջڵµӰ¡
ŽһȺɫĸ߽ߣеЦšȻЦ֮࣬Ҳò̾һԼʵãտ»Ļƾ׸ɣ
˭Ҫ׸˭²ǽҵǰ㡣
λǺˡԵһЦ
С
Կұ۵ĳϽƱǰһѹŵŨŨɱ
ԣŶʮ߽ߣ֮ǰûˣ϶ֲ˶ٺôˣҵҪ㻹֧ŵʲôʱ򡣡Ͻ
ɱǽӵܣ֮նֱۣƱҪƤһһиιԣٽĹĥɷĩọ֮́Ҳ˶áʱǳҳҲǵδɵˡϽƳҲЦһ㻹֪ɣǰĸ׳أǽҺͳϳģֻǵʱ˵ѹûͳ̶֡ڣ򽣣û˿Ա㡭
಩ĲұҲҪȥˡԵ۾΢΢һУû뵽ԡĸףȻǱͽҵ˸ġ
ȻĿǰ֪оԵɣ֪˳˭ˡ
˵ʲôҰЩȷʵ
ǺǣûҪְ֪ɡ
ˣͷš
Ȼǲ֣ұ㲻ˡ
ݣ
û˿ɣ齣ȻʣһĽ⣬˲ɢ
뽭Ⱥˣûһ˿̸ཻȥȤֱӰν
Ҷɱ԰νҰʱŭһ
䣬ǱնұۣԳԺ֮ǵĽƱֱȥΪ񱩵Ԫִӿͬɽĳԡ
ȻնұۣԪΪߴ˽ףܹžսȫʢڼ䣬Ҳ̫ࡣ˵ĳԣʵȫʢʱһ㶼ûУҪնɱԣ̫Ѷȡ
ݡ
Ȼһ̣ԭȻΪƽλȻӿ죬ͬǰһɫҲͬһʱͫзŴͬâ㴩͸
ʲô
Ʊɫޱ䣬ĵһǿҵĲˡ
˿ûϵǿ֮ĩĳԣڴ˿̾Ȼ˿ֲٶȡٶȣ罭ҰԶԶ֮ϡ
͡
ȻûüˣĽֱӴʺѪƳս

ƱгŨŨԼ֣ƺ˴˿򣬳ڵ̶̲һʱѾȫָ˵಩ĵĽУԸûʲôˡ
뵽һ㣬ƱɵþܹŶʦʵ಩ĽʱˣҪжôֲʵſ

Ʊվǵڵأһ˫۾ȻǾֵš
һĻĽҰˣͫ׶ʱ
Ű˽ΪĽƱȻ㱻ԸɱˣѰľŽ߶԰쵽ɣ
㡭Ȭˣ
Ұгŭ֮⣬һĨԵ𾪡ΪҲ뵽һ㣬Եʱǳ಩ĽֵİȻԵΪѾͻƵ߽ף˵߽ףŰ˽׻߾Ž׵ԪΪ಩Ľ֣ҲȻ˰ɣ
£״ûʲôʣϵϢ֪֮ҪٱϢͲͨľŽ߿ᲢۡԴ˶϶಩ĽʱɵƣѾȫȬˡ
ضŽҰδȬǽҵ˾ͲҽɭѰô
ߡ̫ԼˡȬΣǽҵĸ߽ȫ㳬ʮλѷɡҰɱӿŽߵۻϢתرƴһĨ˺Ѱĸо


76 ȫ
վߵĶϽƳϽ棬ͬǽųԣӿۻԪ
ʮ߽ͬǻƻ㶢ųԡ
ʮаŽ׵ĸ߽ǣɵɵѹȣκһŽ۷߶ԻеͷƤ飬ӶѰʱͻΧ롣
ûʦϵΪû˸Һڶĸ߽ӲӲ
Ȼȴȫһ࣬±ʮλ߽߸סɫȻޱȵƽ򴽽ǣԵȫãʡõʱһȥҡһΣһԽ˰ɡ
ߡϣ㻹ܼȥҰһҶ֣ǧˡ϶һչǿҪһնɱӡ
ְɡ
ȻҰķԸδȫ˵꣬Եͬ磬ѸͶسɱ˲仮ƳգһƬͬӿεĽӰ಻غն¡
Сģ
һ̺ɱҰɫ΢䣬æѡ
Ƴͽ淴ӦѸݣһʱȴȥ
͡͡
˵Ȼ죬һڸ߽߾ûǰѸˣѪʱɽ䣬߽۷ΪĽӵܣͷ­ͬƤϰա

ԲὭϣǾֱɱ˽ҵЩ߽ߵУľתȫٶȵһʱﵽ˿ȾŽ۷ߵĲΡ
ٶȣЩֻ߽װ˽Ϊĸ߽ߣͺм֮
ԵĹûʱҪǴһɼʹʶѸû
Ⱥ߽߾齣¡
ˣȻ˲ҽ˷浱ʦǿ϶ҳɱӡۼλ߽߾˱ɱҰмҪѪǴһɱ򳽻ԡ
Ƴͽ״ͬŭɶɱ򳽻ԡ
ߡҾҪ㿴пɱҵһȺ߽ߣҵεòһ
ȻԸͲ뽭Ͻ֣ÿҰʱǻԸΪѸݵٶȣĽҸ߽ߡҰ˸óԺް취ʩչٶȣԵ䶼
ʱ䣬ʣµʮλ߽ߣɥʧֻʣ
ˡˡɢߡҰŭĿгݣæˡ
ʱʶԵʵѾκεˡǳԲ潻սԳԸûһ취
ȻѾ˲ɭңǾԶڲɭְɡЦһɱҾͽɭ֣ɱҾ뿪δ̫˰ɡ
Ц£һ̳һֱʩչ齣Ľâգֱû߽ߵʺ
ʣµ߽ߣ˿Ҳŵðæֿȥ
ݡ
񱩵ĽԳת𣬶齣УͬװֱֱӶһ߽ߵĺ󱳡
ϡ
һӥ֮ȻӥӴһŴϷ£Ƿĵצһŵþʧɫ߽ߣֱӸиƬ
߽ޣ˵ŵ߽ߣѰİ˽ߣӥܹ׶Ը
ɱ߽ߺӥԼٶȷһ߽ߣ˸źĵצͬǽиȥ
ħǼֱħָ̧ųԣгŨŨľ֡
̲ʱ䣬ԾȻҰƱڵʮ߽ߣնɱײеֶΣӵУ
ħǺǣǲֻ˵ǰħԼڽŷʡ
Ұ˫һƬͨ죬˿̻һԼƽҲ֪Ǹóû취ֳսֻʦǿ߲ܸԸ
ԣҪ̫⣬ȻʵǿᣬǶǾŽߣɱǣҪɱǼǲܵ顣ҿǲҶǶ֣潻ֵûСҰǿû϶֣ҪɱԵΨһİ취Ǽŭԣó潻֡
Ž֮£սǾŽ۷߶ƥСǳ潻֣ǸΧסٶʩչҲżĿԿնɱԡ
ڽҰľǣԲɱǽ˶ĸ߽ߺֱ뿪
ֻǣԽı֣ȻýҰ֪ⷬǶġ
˦˦齣ϵѪҺһһŽҰȥеصɻǵã˵ҺܿͻȥǽңԱڣ㽭ҰնҵĺҳԽҲó㽭ˡ
ԵĲȻһǰһƥƣ޾ķ籩ϯҵسŽʣµλϡ
ơҰо级ɳɢƵУȻҪϢĸо
ָоͺһʦǿߡ
ԣƺûܵʲô˺ɣǼȫΪɱҽλӵܣ֮ҽĳҲΪ±նһۡҽʮλ߽ɥ֣ѵ뽫ȫϾɱ
ԳƣҰкȻʶ֮䣬ȻǿʼЩá
û㹻ʵ¾򽣴綼סҰɣǺǣ˵ЩôҶǴˣȰ㻹ǳаɣȻǾŽߣ㶼геĻᡣԵĮЦţŲȻǻǰ
ڴ˿̣ȴһõĸоʱʧվĵطһ㡣
磬˵ϻˣҾͲƾŽߣκβɱǣءǿ߳Ե磬ŵ
ƳҲǵͷɱӿԲŽ߷۵ףȷΪŭųԷնɱʮ߽ߵ壬ʱ̲סҪ֡
ãȻǽҷҲͱ֡
£ҰζȻǰȥƻӶ֮䣬һɼΪ񱩵ӿܵĿռʱһַ·Ҫ˺ѵϢ
һ֣ҰǳУ˺֡
ƳԼˣҲһǷУһһɱ򳽻ԡ
һ꣬൱ĬʱͬʱԳԷȫ˳е·ҳһκһ˾һͻᱻͬʱӶ뼫Σյľ档
ԼɱˣԵɫΪƽʱͫ׵Уȴתһ
ľͬתȫ£ʱ˿̣Է·ܱ߿ռΪһ壬ֻҪһͷܷԲһ״ԪԻᱻƿء
ˣ
˾볽ֻʣ˲ʱϵ齣ȻһһĽ
һ̣Է·˲˽һ˺һľ硣


77 ӥһ

ݣ
ȥɲǣ˱ǻһӰգۼҰǰ齣̳ÿһȻɣиɻС
Сģ
ЩĽҰԳ֣ɫȻޱ䣬æһ

˿ǲǿҵΣԪĵ֮£˴˫֮ӿǰĻȥһ֮
Ȼ֪ԳһԼ׶༪٣ҧûȴǶԳԷǿ
Ŀĺܼ򵥣ҪסԣӶýҰ뽭ƳŶԳԷĻᡣŽߵֹû׼£ǾŽ۷߶Ҫˡ
͡
ȻĹŸոʩչ齣Ľǻһâʺ𵭵Ѫ⡣
Žߣɱ
ˣ
Ұҧгݣ߽װ˽ûԺ󻹿ǾŽûˣԺҪολŽ߻ĵϵܵܡ
ŭ£˺ֱͬ㣬׺ݵسųԵıӡȥ
һԵĽƳ岻ضãһҵĹͬľɱ򳽻ԡ
һһҵĹóȫʧȥ˶ĻᣬǶ¶ģһҪóɥȪǽȥЩ߽ᡣ
Ҫɱңƥ򻹲ʸ񡣡
ȻΪԱضɥ⹥֮ʱԵȴ˲һ㣬˲һ⣬עǶˡ
⡭ʦ
Ұ뽭Ƴ˶һۣнǳһɺȻĹâ·˹һĳ˲š
ԷչֳٶȣͲǾŽӵУΨʦǿ߷ſʩչٶ
ת˲䣬Ұеľǻɢȥԣֻһ֮ǰҾͼʶʵٶϸǼ
֮ƶԲʦǿߣԭ򡣵һ֮ǰʶʩչ֪ٶϼΪóʵٶϿ϶ҲֻеȴǳԵٶȾȻﵽ˿ֲĳ̶ȡڶ֪֮ǰԵԪΪڣȥʱ䣬³Է˾ԪҲãͻƳΪ߽ߡ
ʮʹﵽʦ˵ǲܵ顣ʦǿ߿ɲôͻƵģΪʦǿ಩ģҲڶʮ֮ʱͻơ
磬ô죿Ƴ役ʵԷܹ֮ɱ棬ı⿰ʦǿߵĿֲٶȣܹٶɱ棬ȻҲԻɱǡ
Źǵģӡ
Ұ¾볽෴ķȥ
ƳҰĻҲҧҧתҪһߡ
ӣǸɡ
ȻƳ巽Ÿոתһɭ̲סһ֪Ѳ룬һҧǰԪǻȻת
Աǰɻᡣ
͡
Ƴ嵤ڵԪŸոת£Ա齣ͬ󶴴ࡣ
ԣҵţҲŹġ
ܳʮ׵ĽҰܵƳ屻ɱʱҧŭ
ϡ
ʱͷϱһӥϢʱס
ݡ
һӥĵצǴżƷͷ­ץ

Ұŭһ˺ִǿҵ˺Ϣצ͵ͷϵӥ
ϡ
ȻҪӥ֮ʱӥȴǷһֱֽգͲ
ҰĹʱ˿УͷƬռ䶼·Ҫ˺һ㡣
ˣ
ҰŭһԼȻֻӥϷˣˣûҪԼУҪ΢һԼøȡʱ䡣
Լոͣһ˲ǵ˽ʱ䡣
ʱ̣ܶԺԲƣڴ˿ڹϣȴȫɥʧߵĻᡣ

ݡ
Ʒ𣬳ƿյҲǶȻƽǿҵΣϢֱϮҰͷҰһ֮ɫվӲô
ת˲䣬ҰеľǱĳԹ⡣
ɱңҽҼأҲضΪұ𡣡
ͷҰкȻɢݳһĺ⣬͸Ź֮ɫ
䡭
ȻʱǾֱת͵غǵ⻯ֱӴƴӡ˳ԵŴûó˿üӦĻᡣ
һ֮󣬽ҰɫǶȻ԰·ȫѪͷ˸ɾϣȴһ˿Ц⡣
ţһƣɫ΢䣬û뵽Լһ֮徹ȻȻ¡ʱҲûȥ룬ǽĿ˽Ұ
ԣ֪츳ڣҲã̶ձǿžԪ߽ߵĲΣٶϸǿһʦҸ㣬ҽҼϾͻΪʦҸոձһѪӡʱ򲻹ӵʲôطҽҼܹ㾾ΪǱ𣬹ҿجε
ҰķЦƺѾ˲õĽԻᱻҼ׷ɱαͷܣġ
һʦôһûܹľȻҾھɡųԻ£һۻͬκ˰ľǵذŽҰϯȥ˲ǽҰڡ
ɾ֮£Ұ·һ㣬ֻҪԸ⣬һʶܹѹ
ǡʦǿ߼ľҰϵɲǼһԭԲ԰׵ȫѪɫ۾ﾡԼ֣ܡôܻﵽʦ𡣡
֮࣬Ҳ˺ڣԼڳѪӡ⵽ڰｭһǺң
ԵĮȥϰ˽ߵԪҲǸɢȻôʹﵽʦѵ֮ǰں¥뽭پìʱ׵ԪΪǺǣ̶̼յʱȷͻƵʦһҲ쵽ˡʱҾ㽭ҼͻƵʦѰұˣȻҲֻȥȥѰˡ
㡭ǰħˣǰħˣҰһ˿־ĺУܹڶ̶̼վʹͻƵ˽ߣսֱʦǿߣԲܴﵽ
ǲǰħˣ㻹ȥүɡ

ݣ
һĽֱû˽Ұĺ
ҡͻƵʦ֮ʱұضȥһ¡һնɱҰ󣬳ûκβ
ĿڽҰʬɨһۣǰȥȡһֻɫ
һ𣬱㽫ֻϵľӡɽܿ죬ֻڵĶһŮ壬س˳ԵС


78 ʩҹ
⽭ҰڽҵλߣӦнҴʲɡǸСջ񡣡УŴƷҩ뵤ҩȱȽǣиǧĽңӦǽҶʲ
ףռʢһʬ壿һʱûȥϸǾ뿪˵
Ŀ⵭ɨһ۳ܵĽӵܣЩ˽վ볽Щĵطҿ
ԵҲȥԸǣҵĸ߽߳λڱչصĽҼ֣ѾɱɾȻҲûҪٸϾɱլʺ񣬶øûҪ
ȻĻ󽫻ɱˡ
ꡭ
齣ʣԳŲԶӥһڣӥ⣬񶯳ϿգԽż棬ӥϣӥĳѨɽӶȥ

ӥڿշߣվܵĽӵܣǴһʱǷŷ֣ǵĺһƬʪ
ÿֲʵʵ̫ˣλֶһֻ֮ʦǿ߲ܶԸˡ
̥ʵôͻȻôǿҿ˵֮ǰн߶ûﵽأʱԺʱһ൱ķɣ
оΣҾá˵Ӧģ
˵ǰħ
꣬

֪֪Ѫӡνɽ󣬳ϥ¡
ȻѲ彭ңһҵ˴ų಩ǰǻΣУʦǿɲܶԿӥԷߣΪ˱ѪӡĨΪá
ε𣺡ѪӡһַڵʵͲԽ֮ĨϧһʵûУȻǿ԰㽫֮Ĩ
üʵҪʲôʵĨ
Ӧ֪ͻƵʦκ󣬻Ѫ֮õǸʱȻͿԽѪӡĨˡ
ʦԷ˸ۣʵܰ㾡ָʵ
ָҵʵô̾˵ҪָҵʵͱȥѰұɣҲܹ𽥻ָʵ
㡭Ҳս𣿡̽Եʵ
߷ߵʲôҲսҿؼΨһһױҲؼΨһһԻΪ飬ôܻûսҴţ۷ʱڵսһ߽ʦܹңһҴ߶ӡǾƷʦҶԿһ
ƷʦĿʱһҸҵһԪױʵʲôΣ
ԪױǵҲھԵıһʦǿߣܹӵСڳ齣ҲһӵС
ȿȡ˵ˣԲҪôС𣿡˵ҪʦΣҪʮԪ³˱ȻԪг˵ıһ㹻ҽʵһʦˡ
ܼӡĿɿڴҧҧİɣһᾡѰұָʵġ
˵󣬵Щͽױױӡȴǲˣûһ˿ɱԡ
ٺ١ȻһЦʼڴڵּƿصҲúأˣǸƥռеʬ壬ƺѰʬ壬ȡ
ŶǾʬôԵͷֱӴӿռнʬȡ˳
ʬȫѾãʰɫһЩϢȴóͷһݣֻǰӦһֻԪްɣ
Цһ̫ûʶˣȻֻҲû֪ʲô࣬ʬѾ֮áʱȥϢȻôǿǰҲһֻޡ
Եû뵽ǰʬǰȻһֻޡ
ޣʵ൱ʦ
ϧֻ޵Ѿȡˡеϧҡҡͷ
޽޺˱ǻΪһ֮Դ̲صİħԪԶܱȡͱһöԪһƷ̲صİħԪԿʮϵľŽˡ
ĿǰҹǰֻǧŻʯٶȾԻἫ졣һףԪضŽףħԪ˵ü
ϡ
ڳԴ㽫ʬջʱһԵӥȻһצץʬϣиȥ
ʬȻãҲ㣬ڲûȫãʬ㱻ӥиڲĹֳ
һǿҵϢʱɢӥٴηһϲͷʼֻ޵ʬ塣
١û뵽Сӥֻ޵ʬȤڳ
Բûȥӥֻ޵塣Ȼ֪ӥΪλӥͬԺ谭ؽ׵߽ףһڼٽףֻҪӥϵþˡ
ˣ黹е㲻ͬ찡ھȻһ˿ԶӥѪʱȻ˵
ȻԶӥѵǰ˵ս廹Ҫֲӥ
ٺ١ǸӥǰͷӥѪŨҪȫ»Ҫʱ䡣ٺһЦ˵
ȻϲȻɻʵӥһ岻Ѿʧ𣿡
΢΢һ̾ǰһսӥһȷǱħˣңǵѪŴ˲٣׼ȷ˵ӥһӦûˣǻˡǽһǿ˵ṳ̂ʳ۷أ
⻰ɫҲһڵ֪ӥһ˿ԶӥѪȻЩЩϲ⡣
ʱӥǽʬȫԹ⡣ʬӥϺһɫ⣬΢΢š
ϵϢҲǿ
رӶ֮һ㣬˼Ϊĸо
ʱӥ¾Ѱİ˽޶֣ΨоŽ޲ſ⡣
ϡ
ӥҲ֪ԼʵųԷһϲ
΢΢һЦҲΪӥʵеˡӥʵԽǿİҲǸ
ʱһĿƫȥǸȻһ˿˿Ų
ѵҵô׷ˣ۾һУվ齣ֲ˽
ֶվս׼ʱǰðӰ⼸ˣǽ״̬ɵиΪ⼸вûӰҼֻǳ಩ġ
ܹӰɽǰһһʮӣɢϢǴﵽŽߣĸͽ꣬ϢҲǲǴﵽ˾ŽײΡ


79 
һ΢óעĿһ£ΪóȻһ𣬵ȴǽΧм䣬ƺڱϵƿԿóƺЩ鷳
ΧмŻϴһ˿֮Уͨߡ
סɽϾȻˣ
ǼɽϵĳʱɵһǷֳǽ齣̬ɫҲɵýһս׼·𾪹֮һ㡣
˭ǰ˼ûж֣ɵʵ
ԵЦһ̾ʱҪչһʹ룬һ˭ء
ԭǻӶŵˡս״̬ҲȭǸȻºӶչףóȻСֵأŵ㣬ʵڱǸ;Ͷ٣ҪһȫطϢ٣Сֵ׼Ϣһգ峿Ǳض뿪
˵껰չ׿۳ԵӥЩ졣ӥֻܳɳΪҲ֪ģǰֻӥɲô򵥣Ҳﵽ߽ײΡ
üͷ΢΢Ը˴ԷʵǿȻ˿Ҳ޷ܾˡ
üչ׻˵ЩʲôŻȴǰʩҹСֵܴӦҿԸСֵһЩꡣ
˵ţʩҹƺҪö
ˡֻղ£Աǰ˰֣ǿһ죬Ǳ밲㣬Ҫŵ
ǾͶлСֵˡʩҹչ׽һЦм
Ҳٴųԣߵһ볽ЩĵطΧϥ£ǵ϶Щƣɫüͷ΢΢šš
ӳô죿ӶŵĴѰǣҴ˴δӵĻǵĸųհ˻հ⣬ʮСӳֶӻɽҲڡڵʵû취ԿǵϢҲ޷ųǱߡչ׵ԣһΪŭص
ǺӶŵСӣʮȫǾŽߣ֮ǰӵһΪҪǰǱʩҹǰǧǡ
Ϊ˲ע⣬ӶűǰȥִУȴǲϢ֪ΪξȻᱻǵĶͷӶԼһ֪
ǻӶűɳһλʦԼڶǰɱʱСеʮˣֻʣĸ⻹Ƕӳָӵõ£ûǶӳָӣЩ˿һڡ
ʵڲеĻʱĸƴһѪ·չ׵üǳŨŨĵŭκҧҧ˵ʩҹʩүʱгȥ˸ϺֻҪ㿿ǧǣų͹̻˿϶ӭ㡣
ǻӶȻɳʮСǰɱǣҲǸɵ˲ˡٸһܣҲҪǶϼͷС۾˵ɢŨŨɷ
ʩҹмЦŵλǵĶʩҹģ̻ضлʱ̣ǻ취ȫΪãǶɥԻǵλųʹңҸҲϣˡ
չװֵʩү˵ﻰǵְڣҲض񡣡
״ʩҹҡͷ
ȰƵðɣǱ·չ׷Ըһ۾ʼָ˼״ҲĿ
ǧǣǺǣ֪´ǧǻ᲻Ļᡣ
ԷĶԻȻϸ΢Գʦľ൱΢΢һЦǴӿռָȡһٿŻʯݵӥǰӥ֣Ҳʼɣȡշǡ
ϡ
ӥоϲֱӵŻʯ̽С
΢΢һЦҲȡŻʯ̽Уת𡶻ҹʼ˴ĻʯҪҹɾ磬ָտɴˡ
һҹɾ磬壬Ҳﵽ˽۷ĲΡ˰˽۷壬ȫþԪԪΪһŽײΡ˵ھԪЧò󣬵ֻҪ㹻㲻κ⡣
סȻ̷ֱʯ±֮ƻôѵλСֵһߣȡʯ֮ʱȵϢչ۾עӹ̷ֱʯǾ
϶ˣȻҲ̷ֱʯʯȻдĻ֮Ѱ߸գֶʹɲһܵİû뵽λСֵܾȻ̷ֱŻʯɫƽ治֪ôʹģʩҹҲǾ̾ŵӥ߽׵ӥ˺氡λСֵҲ֪ʲôͷֿܻ֮ľʹ߽׵ӥҿӣӥȻҲ֮·
ҲǾ֮̾£ɲ
չ׺ȻʵʩүλСֵϵģǿռָ
ʩҹͷǿռָû뵽ϾȻռָȱﶼˡҿΪ²СĹͣűһöռָء
ϧˣʵ̫ˣŰ˽׳ڣȻĻҵǿһ𱣻ʩүóɹִǧǴԸıꡣ
ʩҹҡͷЦչӳǿܷɹѻӶţɹִǧǣǾС治뿪ɭ֣ҲֻˡܹʶǣʩҹҲ޺ˡ
ڶʮĿˡ
žɽϣϥһ飬ʩҹԼչˡ֮ǰлϢϢδ̫ʱ䣬ͣ
ΪǷ֣Żʯ֮󣬻ûʮӣȻֽš
󣬳ǽӶ̷ʯһαһζ࣬ô˴Σֱһšʱʩҹ𾪵ĺϲ£죬·𿴹һؿųԡ
֮ǰҲ˵˿̷ʯл֮ǣ񳽻ܹӶһŻʯģǱ˵Ǽû˵
ǻ֮ľʹǳܣ
ȻǴδ־ʹ󣬾ǸеͷƤЩ顣
ϵϢʼǿˣҲµòĻӦҪһٳ˽׵ĲΡʩҹ̾˵ֻĿ⣬ȴǻҲһͷʼð
չ׼ʩҹĻҲͷȻȫǾŽϵߣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ȴȻǴŨŨ𾪡
ˣûӥڳ˶ٿŻʯˣʩҹĿ򳽻ԵӥЩľʵ
˵ĿҲӥǷ·𹫼һʱʱһŻʯ̽ӣǵƤǻס¡
ٿŲǵˣΪֹѾʮˡһľګ˵Լ˵Ǹ֣̲סȥ˼Լû˵ȴǿ϶Լ˵ˣҲ˵ˡ


80 
ʮ˰
ʩҹǶʱ鶯£Щľ૵
ֻӥѾﵽ߽ڶˣɻʯٶҲ𽥼ӿ죬Ҳڳ߽׺ڲˡʩҹӥεؿЦ
δɻʯģû뵽ȴһԼӥЩϾޣ屾ͱҪǿࡣ
ڳԣǲòܹƾֿ֮ʹǵԣǳӵС
Ҫɹҹɾ磬֮һֱӴӿռָУȡʮŻʯϣһΣܹɹɡ
ͷһ䣬ԱʩҹǾע£һͷʯ˿С
Ļ֮ͬӿҵسųԵ壬嵱УҵʹҲ֮ѰȾʹ֮£ԻһʱܲסӶԹȥԶʹȴϰߣһ̷ʮŻʯҲֻ΢΢ü㱻ס
࡭
һʮŻʯʩҹˣ̲ס˿ˮŨŨţųԵĿ⣬·һ㡣
һʮŻʯȻסˣչѲŵ૵
ҸոջΪû뵽ȻһüͷȻҼ䲻ԸţһǾãʮŻʯӦûļޡ
Ҳá
ʩҹе֮ɫ𽥵ñûܹܵס֮ɵľʹԾԷǳܱȽϣɾͶ᲻֪̻᲻Ȥ
̤̤
֮ʱǲԶɽ棬Ȼһ΢ĽŲ
Ȼ΢ȴһʱ䴫λžŽΪ߶СһǵɫǶȻޱ䡣
Ȼɽˡ˵һʱվΣɫ൱ѿʱҲս׼עǸķ
ŸղǽŲ𣬼ǲʱ䣬һӰ̤Ƭɽ
ϤһӰչ˵ɫǳ׵ñѿ
ڶ࣬㳬ʮˣʮɢϢҲǴﵽ߽׵ĲΣŽϵҲʮλرվǰˣϵϢȻǴﵽչͬһΣŽ۷塣
չӳּˡ˵ģվмһǿ׳ӣ͸һ˿ɭɱ⡣
ΪѰҵչʩҹˣҲǻһֱǰãڲɭзչǵ㼣˿㼣ֻʱ䣬Ƭɽҳɹطչ׵ˡ
ɽǻӶҲ̫˰ɣҪ˽ǸϾɱôӦ֪СںӶŵĵλɣҼȻ˷Ѿ۵ǰ׷ɱҲӦ֪СҪʲô˰ɣѵǾͲ̻Լʩҵŭôչŭһֻ˵䣬ȴڿٵ˼ŶԲߡ
ʮ߽ߣѾĸܶԸˡرʮ˵УΪͬһεľŽ۷ߡһһĻŰջеκһˣ£ԷԲܺһһ֡
˵ĻҪѶȿνǼ
رǣոʩҹȻûڻɽȫɽ֮ǰһӶݡ
Ǻǣ˵ĻȻøɾ㣬ǺӶô֪ǸɵأɽЦ֪չ׿϶ʲôıƣҲĵˣһӲϣˡ
һ´ɽľŽߣǾչʩҹ˳ɱ
ԼǴһڰ˽ߣ۲ƣԷԷͻȻѡ
һΣѾٸչʩҹ˿ᡣ
ʩүչɫ΢䣬û뵽ɽξȻֱӣû˵仰˶֣޼ƿʩ±ҧԼǳŽ۷߳ȥ͵ȭһ˿֮͵Ŷ˳ײȥ
ŽߣǼΪĬվλãʩҹм䣬ͬʱӦɱľŽߡʵȻǿᣬͬ׵Ҳе֣Էȴڶ࣬һûã·硣
ӳǱ߻иƺô죿˫սûʱɽһ˽ͻȻָŲԶĳ˵
ɽ۳ڷǺȵ鲻κ֪ڳ㻹ô죿Ȼɱ˰
ǣ
ԣ˽˽ߣ첽ϥڵĳԣɱ硣
ӥػڳԣ˽ͻȻһ˫ӥĿбһҪߵǰȥ
á
ȻʱһӰȴͻȻԶݶǼԼΣնһȦʩҹ
챣ʩү
չ׿һĻɫǶȻ䣬æȡõһʩҹǵıΧɽԻڵһʱ䶯֡
ֻõһ㣬ɽ벻ոʱɽ˱Ҳǳȫ˿֣չ׼˷Ϊ͵ĹǸûһ˿ᡣ
û뵽СӾȻܳˣ
ȻɽʩҹȻʱ˱Ȧб¶ϲ֮ɫҲ˲ֱ˳ȥɱʩҹ
ߡ
ʩҹһڵԪתɱɽ

˵ȭһµĳʱɢͬˮˢܡ
ŵŵŵš
͵ĳ֮£ԪΪžŽ׳ߵʩҹ
סʵǲʩҹȻžŽ۷ΪĻɽҲǺһ¿бһ֮𣬵ϱ㸡ֳһĨЦ⣬ʵΣעҪ
䣬ɽٶȳʱɢϢҲǴﵽ˼ޣƻӶ֮䣬֮ơ
Ҫɱң㻹ûʵ
ʩҹһһ쳣͵ϢӿϢƶ֮£ƾȻȻɽҲ˶١
˺ܿһ飬ʩҹΪȻȻɽ˲٣ɽڶʱȴ޷ʩҹʩҹ뻪ɽս£ԽսԽ£Ϣ񱩵˼㡣
Сӣɽޱ𶯣û뵽þŽ۷ߵΪȻʱʩҹ
Ȼϥڵϵĳ˻ɽߵУб΢΢һһҽǸСӸɱˡ
ɽ֮Ϊڸո˶ɱʱʩҹȻΣգȦԡʩҹеĵλͬѰȻ֪ԵɣȴãȥɱԣضʩҹӶһٻʩҹɱ


81 ߽
˽ǵһʱųԳɱȥ
ˣ
״뻪ɽһʩҹһȻǲȥỪɽ͵תɱ򳽻Ե˽ߡ
սȥȱˣ㻹ǱԼɡ
ʩҹһתɽƷǳʩҹ

Ȼŷ㣬ʩҹȴ·δһ㣬һۣƾԼıϡ
һƺ֮ʩҹǿžʹͬͻһ㣬˽֮䡣
顭
һʩҹֱʩչɱУû˿֣ƾǿʵƬ̣ǽ˽߸ɡ
ȻҪôǸСӣҾ⣬úñȫϣɱǸСӡɽŭһֱ
£վڲԶʮ߽ߣͬȺһ㣬ųԳɱ
ȺˣʩҹɫڱȻŭȴԵͷһд״̬ĳԣֻǾˣܻܲͿԼˡ
˵仰ʩҹǴɱ߳ɱʮ߽ߡ

ȻҪһƷȴǰӿݺݵļͷɽЦҲ֮ĶУ֪СӣҲô
͵Ϯ
ʩҹ͵һȭֱȥλѪҪǮشӿп֮£гʹ࣬һĨɬҪôô

Ȼʱźڶȥ壬ȴǱһֻƸץסƫͷһӱǳǰ
ʩҹڵأˣüͷ΢壬û뵽ԷΪ˱ȻƴԼǲˡ
תͷɽˣиֳһĨɱ⣬úһ¾ͽҰɡ
ոȻ״̬Զ緢һȴǳҲ֪ʩҹסɽˣҲһС鷳
ȻӥػԣӥʵǺǿʱԵ赲סһȺ߽ߣ赲žŽ۷ΪĻɽ
ɽȻΪʩҹ˲Żɽɲô˵ʩҹһΪȴ˳ԵĺøС
ֵ嶯ȻѾǻǸϽ뿪ɣʵ̫ǿǲӲ
ʩҹҲ̲סӿֳһĨϲɫ֧ŵһȻԼˣҲֵˡ
ԾȻһȥԸɽˣæסԡ
ٺ٣ʱ뿪ҿڳ˵ΰɣΧҪκһˡ
վǰĻɽʩҹĻʱŭЦ·𿴰׳һضʩҹͳԣСӣҲ˭Ҫ־͹㿴﷢飬ԾҷŹҲܡ
ɽĻ֮ʱʮ߽߱Ƿ׷Χʩҹ볽ԶŰΧס
Զչ׵˼״ɫѿ˼㣬û뵽Ӳˡ
ԵĶʵǶ٣ֶֻȫǱѹ·磬û˿Ŀԡ
ֵܣֻӦÿԴȥɣ뿪ɣ뿪ܹ֮ǰһǧǣҵ̻ᣬ﷢ǡʱ̻л
ʮ߽ŰΧʩҹ֪Լ׶༪٣Ǳѹ˵
ȻĴ㡣
ҶѾ˵ˣ½ҡ﷢̻ᣬŵԼȥ˵ɡ
ԵЦ˵˵֮䣬е齣Ǳذ˳
ʱΪҹһɾ磬ǿȣҲǴﵽ˰˽׵ĲΡ
̶ȿƲ󣬵˵ﵽ˽׶ʵȴż壬ΪԪΪҲǳڰ˽׳ڡ
ԪΪͬһΣʩչʱǻԽ
֣ɱǡ
ɽһֱ

һ䣬ܵĸ߽߱Ǵ߶ԪʩչмĳԼʩҹ𹥻ɽԼͬʩҹ
˵ʩҹΣԻҪԣԶԶ˳ԡֻҪȰʩҹеʱ䴦ԡ
ֵܡ
ݡ
ڶ߽ߵΧɱɫȴԵ൱ƽ齣һɰĽ⣬գֱɱǳİ˽ߡ
ǰãͶһնɱ˽Ҷʮ߽ߡ
ʱԵΣǰȫһģһΨһͬģֻεĸ߽΢ЩŽߵҲ˲١
ĽԲû

˽ߴһеıǹͬһɨ򳽻Ե
͡
ȻǹӰδԣ齣Ľâͬף㶴ʺȥƲͷ­Ѫ
ݡ
ͣͣ͡
һ̣齣̺Ľ⣬ױͬ˳ХϯķĽӰ鲼ܣĽոųڶ߽ߵ
һ̣ͨи߸ϵĸ߽ߣȴȫΪ˲ݽ棬ͬϵ⣬ƾ׸

һĻԭóʩҹͫ׶ʱɵϴͬһĶųԣǲš
ʵ޷ǿȥΪһ꣬ô˿ֲ
ɱ߽ͬɱֻʦĸַɣ
λֵܻ˲¶డһ¶֡
ʩҹޱ𾪣̲סզྪ̾
սһҲû˵Ŀ˳򣬵ǿնɱ߽ͬɱĳ棬չ׵˻ǻɽµļŽߣһӿֳŨŨţо
Сֵܣѵʵһʦǿߣ
չеȻǼŨңҡͷܻʦʦĻǰɢϢͲ߽ܲ۷ˣԪϢƺҲŰ˽׶ѡֻʵĹôǿȫԱʦĸְ
Ž۷߾һʦȻֻһ֮֮սȴȫ֮û˿ɱԡ
Ž۷߿׻һ߽׻߰˽׵ߣһȺ߽ߣرȺ߽лһİ˽ʱ޷
Ϊ˽Žͬƿһ˿þƿһս࣬Žܹ֮ɻһ˽ߣ֮⣬ΪԪȫԽ˰˽ߡ
ʦǿ߾ͲͬˣʦǿȻԪۻ룬ǿĿ֮ȴǵľ
һȺ˽߻һȺŽʦսս඼Իᱻʦǿƿء


82 չ
˽лõ㣬δ漰߽ߣʦǿֻҪһ񣬾Խ׻ɱ
ʦǿþƿսˣʦǿþƿս࣬¾һȺľŽߣᱻʦǿ߸һһնɱ
ˣ
ɽԼڶ̶̲һʱͱԷնɱ֮г˾֮⣬Ƿŭ
ŭ֮£ûȥǳôӵôֲսֱӴһջš½ΰֳ躣ǰΧɱӡ
£Ǻչ˲һľŽУֱԾ򳽻ԣڣһŽ۷ߡ
ɽڻ֮ҲͬǻӶƣЯŰԪֱųԱȥ

ȻһԵȴͬȰ׶ڳԵǴһĨļڽ
ݡ
齣ȻŻɽλŽ۷ߴɱȥһķâ硣
ţ
Ĺûɽͷ΢΢һâ̺Σԣɽͷǵһһ˿ء
󣬻ɽ˫ƷתһۻԪϲӿ˫֣һİ׹ʱ˫ưס
࣡
׼֮󣬻ɽ˫Ʊ̽˽â֮ǰһҵʱɢңɽǿֵסĽâ
˻
â̺ԪǺǿһͨİ˽߶Խ£âе͸Լ⣬ȴ·ЯһִһеĻԣɹֵâȻǿҵΣոС
ȻɽаãԼΪ˵ֵâþȫ£Է᲻Լչ籩Ĺ
뵽һ㣬ɽæ̧Ŀ⣬Ҫ׼ֵԽĹ
Ȼܿ죬ǷԼ뷨ǶģǸˣͲǰǡ
ͬȺŽɱһ
ݡ
͡
ԸһɱŽУ齣Ǳһ貹âµĽʱûһŽ׳ڵߣҪֱӶ
ɱ
Ž߼״н¶һ֮ɫŽ۷߱Ǵһų͹ȥҲһɫ׷ʩչǿ򳽻ԡ
齣
ɫһƬĮȻȴǷһ
͡
£˸ŵɫâľͬ籩ϯӿ齣⴦ǰռ䲨ȻֹһɰĽɨ
ݣ
һ̣ĵĽâһ㣬齣Ľ⴦͸ռ䣬ĺХֱ֮ǰŽߡ
ĵѰ֮ǰʩչĽ󡣵ȴ̲˵ɱԣȴκһŽ߸еľ
Сģ
һǿҵΣϢʱԼĽнǳŨŨ뾪Ҳսḻ֮ǳƬ̣ǸԻΪԪӿǰγһ󣬵ֵĽ
͡
ȻǰĽ䵽ǵķ֮ʱһԵķâиݿ㽫ǵķֱӴ͸ֱǵࡣ
ûע⵽ڽ͸ǵԪһɾķνǸԸΪݵٶȣԺľ統С
¡¡¡¡
ĽֱӴ͸ǵľ磬ݺݳŽ϶ʱӿֳʹ֮ɫǵУǳһŨҵζ
͡
һ̣ĵԪҲûǵҪ

ϵʹ֮ɫ˲ô󣬱ǾĿע£ŨŨĲʣȥ
һĻؼ·Ϊ֮ž˽ͣ϶ǰĻǻɽһչһڴ˿һס˺۾ϴ
˿̣ɽϳżķκ졣
˶Ŭǰĺ˳
ţƣ
վڲԶʩҹҲǴ˺ðΣ̲סųĴָ̾һ
ģ
չ˵Ҳǳ˷֮ɫԵıȫǵ
齣ǿֲ
ܹһնɱŽߣҲ൱𺳣ǰŽߣͻȻ齣ֱ̽ʩչֻ˴ȴǴųԵĵ
벻ǣɹĵĵȻǿɶŽߵԪ
˵˾ŽԪһ룬֮ǰȴʩչ˾ʦǿʩչľǾŽߣ⧲֮£Ҳᱻݺݳײһ
յ֮£һ齣ǳΪոŽߵɵոǵ
ĵ齣ǿǰ˵齣ֵΣ
гڴҲ֪ĿǰʵҪ۳˵ѶȲһҪԪΪﵽʦΣſԽгԡ
Сӣʲôˣ
ʱɽҲ𽥻ع𾪣ǰʵ
ΪӳɢϢʦĲΣɻԶء
ĮתŻɽʱʲôˣô
㡭
ɽŭɫۼʶ˳ԵǿʵǲԳԶ֣ǵʵû˿ɱԡ
ȷǰȥʮ߰꣬ʵǳκһŽ۷ߣﵽʦĲΡ
ΪֻʦǿߣſնɱŽߡ
ȻʵǿᣬҸ㣬ǧǻӶŵˡȰûʶ뿪ҿԲȥ׷𣬲ȻĻһӶŵ˸ϵ߶߲ɽ۾ɭص
սȻǿǰѻӶŵְԻöԷɵ
ٺ٣ʵʦΣǻӶŻᱻ
Եüͷ΢΢ʱиһ󳩿죬ԭȵѹ뾪ֱӻɢȥʼ볽ԽǸʱԼѶһЩϢȴԺһᱨ֮
Ӷţû˵
Ȼһ̣ǵĮȴͬһʸһĶУ۾ʱɵϴƺųԾȻ˵ôһ仰

չһԵĻشнһڸոջɽӶʱҲǴѺӶŸϾһͨĵͽʦ˵ӶŻһȻ


83 ȡ
СӣҪǻӶôɽ۾ΪʵڶѾˡ
ҲǾ뿪֮󣬱ضҪ¸֪常ʱ仹üĻҲ׷ʩҹһˣʱԸԲ١
λ常Ҳżģ³ʵʦ常ǰҲЩ
ǺǣǻӶҵȻԶԶ񡣡Цţ˰ϵ齣˵ǽȫˣòٴǻӶŵ˶˰ɣ
ݡ
£Եαͬȣɽ齣һ
ǧףڽܱϣ·СΧռ֮޲Ƿ̶ĺХ졣
⽣ٶ൱٣ϳԱٶȣգ۹򣬱˻ɽǰ
ǼԼĽɽһŨŨľ֮һƬû뵽ԾȻڵ֪ǻӶŵ˺󣬻޼ɵض֡
һ֣ɱСһУǸܵŨŨΣϢԼͲȥӲ
ɶ񡭡
ɽŭһջһҧǰһӣһΪĿİ׹ʱǰֶγһĻ
Ļ֮УһɼΪۻԪĲţȴһּȺʵظоָоͺĻһǽʹٴҲ޷顣

ȻǿƴޱΣϢĽںĻ֮ʱùĻһɢȥ
⿴ƺܼ򵥵һĻȴóüͷû뵽⻪ɽȻôһ֣ȱ
Ƕ˭ܹ͡
ɽֵشһαֱӱˣǴֱɽ±Ӷȥ
ɽĻЩ߽ߣԭȥԸչ׵ˣٶȳɱ˳ԡ
֮ӻɽĻԣΪɽеͣﶼףǻɽܵʲô˺Իɽλ常ӣǴ˷ȥֻ·һ
ǣ
չʱŷӦæ֮ʱǼŽߣǳ˳Եǰ
ݣ
һаľĵν͸գֱǰ˵ԺǵľһƬҵ𵴡

ԶԼʩչ˾񹥻Ƿ֪Ϊ֮ǰǵλͬ飬ôᱻԸһкɱ
ģԭֻʦǿ߷ſģ񹥻
ݡ
þ֮֮󣬱ֱŻɽ׷ȥûȥŽߡ
˵ľ𵴣Ǿȫʧȥսչ׻ǣǳҲûټǵıҪˡ
СֵܣҪǵɽһڳԸոɽ׷ȥչ׵ͻȻĶС
Ҳδػٶȼɽ׷ȥ
ɽȻǾŽ۷ߣٶȱ𳽻˲٣ȻѾӶƬ̣ŸոܵɽʱԵαڿշǰź齣ļϣһ£Դұˡ
һ£Դұˡ
䵭뻪ɽĶУʱоһǱӵҲǸȻֹסλѣչǸٺôҸ˫ҵҪֻһɱǣʱϵĶҲȫ㣬ô
ن£һȥȻھȡĹˣԵö˷ʱ䡣
ɽԣƤڳײˣҲûһ취±ҧתɽȥ
ɽչ׼Ҳӭ˹ûɱɽ˿ųԱȭλֵܣζлˡ
ֻǴʱ򳽻Ե񣬱տʼȴȫ˱仯۾ﾡ档ɽ׷ɽҲǽӶ˸ɱ
ȻŽߣǱʹþй󣬾˶ݵĻңսչ׵ɱ
Щʣµĸ߽չ׵ȾŽߣû̫ķ֮
ÿڼ䱣ңҲʲô֪֮ˡ΢΢һЦָȻʩҹƴҲûɽ˶
⻰չʩҹǰΪδһʱ룬ѡԡԼ۹⻹ǲʩҹ
ֵܣҽʩҹǻʩҵˣֵ֪գʩҹЦ˵ȻոˣڷһŵҩҲѺת٣ɫȻЩ԰ף˿ȴȻ˷֮ɫ
³ԡ΢΢һЦԱߵĻɽǴô
Ȼʩҹ֮飬ǻɽոɱԿɲô׷Ź
չ׶ŻɽɽҸһĻᡣ
Ӧ֪常ЩǰɣΪһôٺ٣ǻɱҡ
ɽȻҲµչ׵뷨һ˵˳ôչ׾֪ĸ룬ʱȫʧȥãûлȥıҪˡ
˵չ׾Ͳô֣ǽߣٿԳ䵱һʡ
չһ浱û취˵𣿡
ɽڽЦչа취ǣڻôʱ𣿡
㡭
չҲǱ˵绪ɽ˵չ׸û̫ʱ˷ѣȻɽѾҵͬ˵Ҳʱ
üͷҲ΢΢ΪչʱҪɱɽˡ
Ȼ⻪ɽһ˵Ҫʱ˿쵱治ס
ˣҪǰһ㿴ΣͻȻڳԵ
Ȼа취ڣ
ٺһЦ١ڣҲܱ֤˵Ļǲİ֪ǻӶŵ׷ɱ·ôֱӻȡļ䲻Ǹֱӣܱ֤ٷְٵ׼ȷԣõıƭ
ȡļ䣿һǿнȡ˵ļ䣬ֶοɲһİԵԴҲ±˵а취ȡļ𣿡
Ȼԡ㽫ľľ磬ʩչطȡԺһμ䡣ȡ̫ˣܲסġ
ݡ
ո£Եľֱӳ˻ɽľ磬ʱһ˿ϽɫĹ΢΢һû˻ɽľ
ʱԺȻоԼľֿݽߵļ΢ƣϮ
ڣƣδ̫ʱ䣬ˣˣԼЩɡ
һİļƬͬŵӰӳԵԺзɹѸٵؽһЩҪϢ¼


84 ¶
ǰԵȻܹȡ˵ļ䡣ЩϢ¼󣬳Բ⾪̾ڣֶǷӵУǱˡ
С飬ʲô
ʱ򣬻ɽŭողһǿľȻľ磬ɾ޷տʼΪԾȻҪɱ֣к²ѡ
תۼʶԷڸͲҶɱ֣ԼڿǵıҲΪŸҷŭ
ӣ㡭
չ׺ʩҹҲ΢΢һǸղͬһ˿ǿᾫĲ
չ뵽ģȻǳΪλͻȻҪԻɽ֡
ȻʩҹĿȴͻȻЩѵǡʦ
뵽ܣʩҹ򳽻ԵĿǱøҲչ뷨ֱ˵ֵܣ濴Ӷŵ飬ֱɱ˱ǣǽӳǵİΧȦɹǧǣܻа취
ʩүչ׸Ҫ˵ʲôʩҹ֮ǰľӲס죬û˵ȥ
ô˵Ҳ˳ʩҹĻɱ˻ɽҲ
һĻɽɫʱ䣬û뵽ȻݱǰһĻǲɱңɱңʱҵ常Ǿͱɡ֪常Щط׷ɱǣǿϷŹҡ
常ӦѾ˲ɭְɣ֮ԵڲŽ벻ɭ֣Ӧڸһǳض˲ʱɡ⣬ܹ֮ҵҲãһЩ㼣֪û˵ֱӴ˻ɽĻĮ˵
㡭ô֪
ԵĻɽʱΪ糽˵ûи常Ĵ󲿶ӣڸһǳң˴졣
ܹ֮ʩҹ˵㼣һãŷʩҹ˵㼣
ԵһЦû˵ĻʩҹҪɹִﻯǣֻҪ߾ˡһС˵̤벻ɭֺǾѾȫˣ⣬ˡ
㡭˵
ɽɫ䣬ڸͲȥ볽Ե֪ģֻ֪һ˳˵滰ô޷ȥ
ֻǣԸ˷ѿࡣ
ݡ
ʳָ̽һĽâʱָⱬֱӶ˻ɽš
ֵܣղ˵Ķģʩҹɱɽû̫죬ЩƵ˵
΢΢һЦǺǣµȷģǽ벻ɭʱѾȫˡֻҪ߼ɡ
ģԭ̫ˡ
ԵĻʩҹչ׵˶̲סЦǱǳһ·һصӼϸжһϲ
Ϊܹհ׷ɱһ·ϳԾ˸ֿͷʧһ룬Ҳ˺֪ۡΣչȥȻϲ
ʩҹЦ˵ԣǴڰȫڼ䣬ϵǧǡ֪Ƿʱ䣬㵽̻ȥ͡
СֵܣҲΪĳ֣ǲŵҴʱĻǵǧȥ䣬ʱҲǺӶŸлһһԵչҲ˵
Цҡͷλ˿ڻҪʱ޷벻úǻǧġ
ȻǾǧɨԴˡ
ʩҹĿһһɫĿƬǳϣԣ鿨Ƭ̻Ĺ´㵽ǧǵ̻ᣬ̻ǳеķֻᣬŹ㶼᷽ࡣ
ʩҹóĽɫչ׵۾ʱϴ󣬶һĽĿųԡ
Ҳǿˣʩҹڲ£԰
Ȼڻû˵ҲʩҹΪʱδ
˵ʩҹ뷨
ô˵̻ʩνǼĸ˰
ҲܾɫӹǾףջصǧˡ
˫ֿ䣬ʩҹչ׵˱תȥ
ʩҹȥıӰ΢΢ҡҡͷ
˵ˣȫʩҹСӰշһŷҲӦÿó̻ǧǵĵλ϶ǷͬѰǵİֻҪ˳ŷǧеĵλȹõӰƮЩԵ˵
Կ϶ǶŷѩһЩоȻиолŷңΪβ˳ְһ£ʩҹԴֻ̬Ҫ˳ŶԷ϶ǳȥŷҰɣ
ԿЦһŷҵ飬ǵһ֮ٿɡǼܲǧǳȥҪĻʵңʩҹҲĳżǱǾǱٴΣҵʵڻʦδﵽء
ԣһǾʵɣֻҪʵȥˣ뵽ʱֻҪұ¶ŷЩϵʩҹҲշŷңҿȥ˵
Ǿɡ
εҡҡͷҲû˵ڵҪʦ绹治ʲô¡ҲҪץʱˣϱǸϼһѪӡ׼Һͳʲôʱҵ㡣ڵʵȻκθ߽ߣʦ㻹ǻ൱Σհ
ڵʵ˵ʦǿ߲࣬ɱŽŽ۷ߣȥԸһʦǿߣ׶༪١
ϡ
ӥƮڳԵķ񣬶ʱһֵȻûһ˿һԪӷϣȴܵһǿҵΣ
ӥֵ֣ܡεһЦӥοš
ϡ
ӥŷһѺõ
ֻСӥҡͷһЦ
ҲЦŵǼɣڵǿѾͻƵ˽ףҹͻƵҲԶˣҵΪﵽ˰˽۷壬ҵԪŽˡ˾Ž׵ԪΪ޷ʦǿߣҲ濹⡣
ǾͿʵɣֻʵȥˣܹҵ㹻ıɡٺ٣ҵҲŲԸѹء˵
Է˸ۣڳ齣һûУ齣ܣ֪Ҫʲôʱܱ
˱бĶָܰʵЩεʵ
˵ˣ㲻ôСǱԺԣ㣬ȫԵȥֱһɫ仯źٺһЦʵ˱һ԰һָʵֻǣֶʵ̫ˣҵֶѶȿɱŪҪöࡣ
Ŷʲô˵Ѷȴ󣬵Ȼǲ׷


85 ҹ
ưͣħ
ħ
ɫ΢䣬ħһЩڰǵ࣬Щħ켣磬Ѱ˸ͲˡеȴǣȻɰħԴָʵ
ֶΣƿֲ
ûɰħСǳأҪҵһħ൱װЦ˵ҿԸǣܹһֻƽһƷİħҵʵضԻָһʦٺ٣һǽ㲻Ҫ򵽰ħȥħֶ̫ˣͬȼ£ǺɱħġҪԸħûǵԺʵȥٿҿɲϣȥˡ
ħôôҲǾ̾һûη壬㰵ħѶԸƺҲôöԸġ
ڵʵ治ȥԸħǻƽһƷħҲҪʦܹԸ˵İ
ǿʼҹɣֻҪҹ۷ΣұǿԳԳһʦҲ˼ƻΪﵽһʦ׼׹ʱǶʦҲܹһսɡ
ͷüƻ󣬳ԱѰ˸ɾĵطϥ£
ҹɫذһƬڰ֮Сտɽϣʱʱιһ磬Щ⡣

ɽϣϥڣ·ŹĶ֮һĸоϵ·Ҳͬʱʱ𣬺ƹ˷ȥһ㡣
ϸȥǻ֣ᷢ·֮Ի𣬾Ϊļ
ʱԵ壬ͺһһ㣬ʱʱͻ𣬿ȥΪ졣
ȻÿļĶһΣϵϢǻȻһ
زͻôҲһݾԵЩɬ
Դοʼܹ˳ʮŵĻʯһθһʮȥңѾܵͻƵɹҹɾֻʣһ
óƵǣһʮŻʯȻ޷̤һ
ˣ幦ĹͬҪɣͱҪԼһ֡ڳļ
üͷ΢壺ڶԼô
ڳԿһʮŻʯͨ˵൱ľٶǳΪܹͻƣӲҧʮŻʯ̽˶С־ҵʹѾϰˣȻ亹ֱ
⻹кݣʲôŽкݣ
ٺ٣ˣδߡҪ巽ȡһɾͣݾ㲻ʲôüٺЦ
Է˸ۣݣ
ֵǸˡҾڻǲ˵źã´Ҹ׼幦Ȼ֪ˡ
ڲ͸¶һ㣬ô֪ʲôŽݣûһնԱее֪ҪĶԼݡ
ˣ˵İ˵֮ɱ𲻸Ҹ׼幦ˡץץԴȻ۾ЦҸ׼幦˵ɣʱҪСɾ磬ͱҪڻо죬ǽѪ⣬ȥӻࡣҪɾ磬Ҫ׵һٴΣǽ
ҽð
ԽԾԽͷƤʼ顣
ˣ㲻ܹҰ˵ġû˵ȻĻֻˣȡõЧɲеĺáһ
ˣʱ׼Ĺҿ϶ǻģֻҪ˾С治֪ǲڸԼܡ
ȻЦٺ٣Ӧ֪ûʯ壬ǱȽİɡ
΢Ա£ȻԸϣԻǵͷûԼ׺Լûʯȷͦ
ˣҾһ̸ʮŻʯӦÿԽҹһɾ硣
㡭
ʮŻʯ㶼һˣڶʮѵͲ𣿿ҸûһԼ۹ûгˣȻͿؾ͸ܳ񶷿ռˡ
ˣټҡǶʮŻʯҳ廹ܵˡ˵ţԱǲȥ񣬴ӿռָȡʮŻʯһȫȥ
ϡ
һԵӥԾȻһ¶ʮŻʯǶӥͫʱϴ󣬴ؿųԣðζزȻͷԼɢɢһѻʯ̧ͷٿһ۳ԣڵͫʱʱһ֮ɫգͷһš
䡭
ʮŻʯһ븹ǻ֮ӿ鳽Եȫÿһ䣬ҵʹʱÿһϸдƳҧɣּľʹóݼʶؾͽҧס
ϸܵĺˮĶͷԵüͷʱʱȻڵľʹҲ޷ɫƽ
ʮŻʯʦ壬ҲԸ¡
ʮŻʯЧ֮ǰʮŻʯЧҪࡣ

ֻԵһ㣬ֱͲδȥһֱšңϵϢҲԵͣͬر
䡭
̼һӶδϵϢǻȻϳȥﵽ˰˽۷ĲΡ
⻹İ˽۷塣
ڴ˰
Ϣȶڰ˽۷֮ʱԵ۾Żڵ˷֮ɫ
һεľʹûܡ
ٺ٣ˣû˵ɣʮŻʯÿ㽫ҹɡ˵
ҲЦţζлˡ
һֻҪǿˣԺָܹʵĿ΢ٺЦֻҪ´㵽ȥûգɽ߾ˡ
Եɫ𽥺æתƻ⣺ǴԪΪǼҹԪڵǿȣӦÿԽԪŽײΡҪҹĻٶȥҪʱܹ۷ΣǸʱͿֱӳųʦˡ
ĻԲû˼ֱ˵һȽԪΪŽװɡ
ڳ˵ֻҪԪΪȥˣԪ߾ﵽһϴƽ⣬ʵſ޶ȵطӳ
һʦľŽ׵Ԫ˽۷壬ƾߵϣʩչǿһȫаտѰһʦս
ʱڽҹɣʱ뾫Ԫ޷ƽ״̬ľҪ΢ۿˡ޷ƽ״̬ʩչһҲŲС˺
ȻͿʼԪΪɡ˵
΢΢ͷһʮžԪǳϡ


86 ͻƾŽ
ԪڵΪ˵Чû󣬵ʮžԪ޷һͻƵŽײΣҲԿﵽ˽۷塣
û˿ԥԽʮžԪһ˸С

Ԫһ븹㻯ΪԪڳԵľٿ£һ볯ĵﴦӿȥ
˰Ԫ߲ܣ뵤
ȻԪ൱񣬵ԵĵͬǿЩԪ˵ĵͬǸܲ˿͸УޱȵرǽԪ뵤
һʱ̣ʱһžԪһʱ䣬ﵽ˽۷壬ҪڶʱڽʮžԪԪ뵤Ȼһʱɵġ
ʱ䣬ȹ
£ɢϢۿɲٶš
˽׳۷塢˽ڡ˽۷塢˽׺ڡ˽׺۷塭
ʱ䣬ϵϢǴﵽ˰˽׺۷壬ȼﵽͬһΡ
ʱڣȻŲٵԪδա

ԵԪ󻺻뵤֮ȫںϡ
ʱ󣬳ǽԪս˵ǰ˽۷ϢҲǱøΪʵ
ֻҪͻƵŽףȴŲСľ롣
ԪѾѰҽͻˣǴáʵЩòʧþԪһ硭
ͷһһɢǿ˱УǾŽ۷񱩻ʨˡ
ֻ񱩻ʨѾ벽̤޼е֮ѰľŽ۷Ҫۻ벻٣˳ʱҲЩϲɫһˣͻƵŽײˡ
ţֱ齣֮顣
ݡ
ͬ˰İħԪʱХųڡ
ȻǾ齣ΪԪûκγɣֱӽȫյﵱС
ӴϢϵԳɢ
ͣڰ˽۷ϢҲɶļ󡭡
䡭
ɶļδãǰһ¡죬顣ϵϢҲһȻǣһ˾ŽײΡ

ǽҡ
ʱĽϡϡܶ͸һζ븮ǵγĶԱȡ
ڽһڰУһϥϣɢһƼΪİ׹⣬Ҳҫ
һȥʮӣӵһֿ֮УֻǴʱŰ׹ϸϸ۲죬òȴŻǲȵˡ˫ͨѪ۽Ƿ͸ŵѪɫ⣬ɢڱĳǳʺ֮ɫһҲǲҰ׵ͬѩû˿Ѫɫԡ
ܹұչˣΨһˣҼ֡
ͻˡ
³һվһĨЦ⡣
վòͻȻ仯Ѫ˫۱úڰ׷ʺ쳤ҲʧīֻȻаȵĸо
ţ
ֻǣϵЦ⻹δֶãǻشһ̣Ƿɢδõĺ⣬Ȼͬˮٶȳ˫УˣȻȫˣҽеĸ߽ߣȻȫˣپͳȻҲˣ
˭˭ɵģ˭ɵģ˭ҽƱҪ龭Ƥҡ
һͬħŭ𣬴𵴶ҵĶֱӱһ󶴣ͬ˲䴫ÿһ䡣
ʱһϮ۵Ľڳܼҵ£ɫ಩ĵ鷿
ϲͻˡֲŸո߽鷿಩ıǶЦȥѣ൱Ϥ
ܼҿ첽˳鷿Ϸš
಩ǰȥҲ˼಩ݣֱʵǲǱˣ
߳󣬱취ǱԺԺѳԵóץϣȴϴ˴ǰ˸գûֳӰ
ӵʱмƺǱ˽ȵǣ뵽˳಩ġ
Ȼ಩ĻЦŵǽи߽߾ڳϵ֪û뵽Ǹ־Ȼô꣬ڵûаһδȫɳҰڳѪӡӦÿҵɣֱǰɭΣ
ãûаɾξһԽ˰ɡ಩ĸɴͷɱ¶ǱܿסɣԺ˸Ȼȥˡ
İɣǳ³ڸ£г³ڣһԽȡʱԺҲܡ಩ЦһԵúǷģɭȻǻһȥɱǸɣټҳһϣʦǿһ֣ɡ
ݡ
տɽϣһմ̳գռΪ֮һУ˿ƿ졣
佣٣ȻԽ١
齣
Կһź£ǰռ䶸Ȼסֹһ̣齣ǺȻ̳ɫâһУ˲䴩͸ռ䣬նɱĵҲ˲ᣬǰĴգۼռںһ
һȥû̫һǿڴˣȻΪԷһ𺳡
ϡƽһ˿һʦȫһ
һ˽ʵѸݣлЩľ
һ룬൱ֲ£ٲЩһʦһҲԴ
ǴﵽԪ³˵ĵزˣͻƵʦ磬ҲҸ׼ĹԹˣһ׽Լһ׽͹ʹõˡر׽һ㲻䣬ȫʵǿġ
ϰ齣󣬳Ե˷
ͻƵŽߺ󣬳ʩչ齣󣬰Ʋ⣬͵Ϯ֮£齣һʦˡ
ǿĹһȲ£Ժٻȥʩչ
һÿʩչĴľԼԪΨڹؼʱ̲ܹʩչһȴóϲ
ΪѾ㹻գһһʦʩչһԽԷնɱ
齣΢΢ͷһЦԹν齣͹һҿԼʹá幦ʱø׼ãҹ۷徳ҲԳʦΣʱ幦϶Ҫһ
İˣʲôУ͵ͻƵʦء
ٺһЦɫϱͻƵʦ磬ͱҪϵѪӡˡʵȻôǳ಩ģʵȴڵܹԸġͻʦ磬ʦΪҲܶԸġ


87 
һᾡͻƵʦԵͷû˵ʲô
Ȼӥæ򲻹ԷҲߣ಩ĶʦʵҪǣͱҪͻơ
ţ
ʱһɱϢ˲ͽڣ·һͻȻ٣ѹ£óԵĺֹ̼ͣëȻ
Ϣϯ
Σա
ˣ
ء
ΣϢüΪͻأѸݣҲڵһʱˡ˺ͬʱԭվĵطֱӱһҵĹһɳ޿ӡ
ɼһǺεǿ
಩ģԽͽԸɣҶסӥֻˡ
ƷХӰڶɽϡ
಩ġ֣Լһź۵İ׷ߣȥΪɭ
˸һֱֱ֣ӳڳǰ׿⣬ʦϢʱ򣬳˿Ի
ڵõ಩Ҳ˲˲Զӥ
ǡҼ֣ƾԺеһЩ䣬ԺܿͲµվǰݡ
ɭһЦɱҽôˣ㻹ʶҡٺ٣ģζӲˡ
ɱ㽭ôˣô㽭ҼٺˣҲɱ˶ʮѡҲЦֻȴΪ𶯣֮ǰΪֲôͻƵʦ磬û뵽û죬ֱȻͻơ
Խôһλһʦǲ壬ֻҪ಩Ĳ֣⽭ֺ˭ʤ˭˵ء
Բʦǿߣӥ
ˣҽи߽߾ɥ֣㻹ţҽ첻Ƥ
ֱԵĻŭЦһ˫һͬͻ˳ԣԪһºǽѹ¡
Ǵ㿿ʦǿӵеԪƣ峽ԡ
Ծʵǿʦʱ϶ܿͱֱӻ
еʦǰһ
ֻһʧˣ֮ǰϹٻʦֽ֣ȻԷսô˵ҲһʦʦǿӵеԪԹ
ݡ
ˣڽֹһ£Եαâ

ʱ򣬺ɱӥۻԪֱӥԴס
ϡ
½ϣӥȻ磬ֱ˿ǱҪһߵĹӥĿһâ棬ն¡

һӥˣ֧ë׷ɶ䡣
ڣͻأһӲǱֵ
ֻӥʵȻôǿ˽ףȻһֻ˽׵ӥķٶȣȻѰľŽ޻Ҫǿ
һĻǺ߻಩ģɫһ
ϣĪҪֻӥƷɣʱѱ಩ļϲʱԸ
ǣ
Ӧһ΢䣬һһɫϣһ֣Զӿֳһ˿ԪȻԲͨһ
ճֱӳӥ
ٶȹȻѹҽҵĸ߽߶ϡǰֻ㱾£
ԵٶȣɱʢܵصٶȣͻƵʦҪһ˿
϶Կ϶ǿԶߵٶȣſնɱҵĶʮλ߽ߡ
ٶΣʦǿߣٶٿҲӲ֡
ֵĻ£һɰľ籩һ㣬ݺݵس򳽻ԡ
񹥻
ݡ
ֻǣոʩչ񹥻ʱԾͬһʱ䣬ĵĽգ˲ǰ
ֲĽýɫ΢䡣
ʲôȻܹҵľ񹥻
뵽ĳֿܣд󺧣˿ֻʣĸ֡
ʦ
һֶ˵ǿֲĴڡ
ֲɱ⣬ʱӽڶ
жֻҪһ˿ζҪԸնɱ

ڵͫףɲǼʺ죬צһɿֲϢռ䶼Ϊ֮΢΢𵴡
ݡ
һצǰĵһޣЯſ񱩵ȷѪ꣬ɱ˳ԡ
á˿ӣӡ񼱴ٵĺ˲ڳԵ
ӣ
ɻ󣬲׷ΪλͻȻ˼ٵѣڲǻû·ô
ݡ
һ
ûйԥֱʩչƿصǿ齣ֱ̳ͬ硣
һ̣ϵĽ⣬Ҳ˲йܵĿռʱڿ·ǧݺӡ
⶯ߣ潣뽣ϡ
˽һ˺һ
͡
ǰĿռ䣬һ˿졣ռֶϲ㣬ԪɲǼ侲ֹ¡
һǿһ¶
ʲô
һʹóĽ󺧣Ȼ֣һоŽնɱĿֲ
ڣʲôͨһʦ
ѪâʢֵצӿһɰԪ齣

ŵŵŵš
צ齣һɿ񱩵Ϣʱŷοˣɫ΢
ӡ
ٶһηԵӼ٣·һνռϷĲǳԣǽ֡
Ҳȥʣֱѡŷ

̶һתͬ˲Զĺߡ
ݡ
δľǻһľ˺ߡ
ʱĺӥһӥٶȾǳ֮ǰԤϣͲǿͨľŽޣֱư벽ޡ
˵ٶȣһԪ³˵ıҲȫ֮£Žӥˡ
ȴǵ͹ӥǴ˿ˣӥȻǽزסֲ
ʱӥϣĴŲҵƣѪ졣
ţ
߷Σٽ֮ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬æһӳ
һȴʧ󣬳ԵĹǾ
¡
ľͳԴͬһΣһʦڣ޷֮£ľȻܵһҵ𵴣ԺжʱһɾҵĴʹ
ӥ֣쳷
ԿϴŲƵӥжʱŭ𣬲ѹסŭһ
ϡ
ӥһʹгԹ
ϡ
ӥһ˫ӥĿԹߣԵӿһ˿ʣ̶һݣĵצǳźж¡
ƣҪź߾类Թ֮ʣֱնɱˡ


88 ɱ

Ժеľʹ΢⣬ܿͲһɸǿҵΣٽϸϸһǱ˵ӥһ
ʱ
Ҫͷûԥ̧еĳͽеֵ
͡
Ȼӥĵצδڳ֮ϣֱϡֻ󣬶ʱȺѪڵء

߶ʱһʹ֮
ϡ
ӥᣬצץסڵϵһֱӷ
ݡ
ûԥڿնӥıϡ
һ̿ƻֻ˲ӡ
಩뽭ַӦ֮ʣӥ볽Ȼ߿գֻ³һŭ
֣಩ģǸҵţҳԺܿͻǱġ
ľﵽʦˣѵǾʦ಩ӥķгһԵľ
ͬʱӺڣԼղžȻûж֣ýȥԸԡһΣִõĻᡣ
ˣǸСľԴﵽʦ磬һҪʬΡ
ɫʱ̷һ˵ҩѾֹѪȻǶԳԸе൱Թߡ
ǳԶʩչܻᱻӥ룬ֻƶжϡ
ֵɫ൱ѿӦûǾʦڵʵʵֲ̫ˣңȫ֣Ҳ޷ɱۺʵԲѰһʦй֮
ȷӳɳٶʵ̫ˣǰҸʱ߽ߵԪΪʱԪȻǴﵽ˾ŽסٶȷչȥҪͻƵʦָտɴ
಩ڵ𶯣ϴ볽ԽʱԸͲһ֮ԪΪſͻ߽ס
˵ʱƾžԪ֮Ч߽ÿһ׶൱ѡЩ׵谭ڳԷ·𲻴ƵģŶ̶̲գԵΪ˾Žס
ٶȿҲ̫ģͻƵһʦҲ壬ƾ۷ʦΪͬնɱĵģͻȻӴһΪһʦʱǸ޷ٶԸʦǿӦ
಩˵ŨŨɱ⡣
ԭΪԼɱԣȴû뵽ȻʣԲٶȿʦǿߣȻҲѰʦ
Ǹе𾪵ģǳԵľȻֱӴﵽʦΡ
ߵľԶԪΪǱ˵żĿԳΪһʦ
ʦǿȻǴδǿֵ֮˶֪
ǶûһʦбɿʦǶôϡˡ
Ҳûκΰ취ֻӥѾϻˣҲӲ˶ԶھͶķ׷ȥɡ
಩ĳһᣬ
ֵͷãھֱ׷ȥֻҪԵΪδͻƵʦ磬ϵѪӡԶ޷ѪӡδӵĺǣҶҪɱˡ

ǰܣǲǵ಩ĶҶ֣
ӥıϣѯŷ
֮ǰͽսѾѹ·磬رǺӥ˺ʱŻὫɱȴֱͣ룬ʹó൱ɻ
಩Ȼǿʱûôҵʱͽսһʱ಩ƺֵĻᶼûаɣ
ԵĻȴ³һ·ΪԳɹɿƬ̺ŵ֪ǽֵսﵽʲô𣿡
֣ǸոͻƵʦ𣿡
ɻ뽭ֵֽĹУȷûýֶôǿ
ֳ࣬ʱʽЩ졣
ȷǸոͻƵʦ硣ЦһҸ㣬ڵʵǶʦܹʰ಩ĵΪȻﵽ˶۷ʦҿֶ಩ĻȲϽ֡
жʱӿֳŨŨĲţʲôôôǿ
ٺ١һͻƵһʦսȻôǿ
ڻĳֶ󷽲Ž˵ֱ֪֪չ೤ʱ䣬չ֮ǰΪʲôΣ
Եͷֱ֪չ£չ֮ǰΪžŽߡ
΢΢һЦˣһ츳һľŽߣôڶ̶̲µʱΪͻƵʦأ
ǽҾӪ꣬˵ĳ鵤ҩأĳֵҩӦÿͻƵʦɣ
˵ǰŵʱʦѹţҪѭûȫԿŵҩΪһߵĲΡ
Ц˵ò˾ƧжĵҩУ¶ԺʦƿŰɣֵҩ˵δʦǿıϡ˵ҾԲܻõֵҩ
ǿŵҩͻƣ˾ǿʲô˶̵ʱͻƵʦӵбͬʦҪǿʵأ
϶ʱ¶֮ɫκƺ뵽ʲôһŵɫʣʱֶħ
ǰħ
ͷǰ㶯ʱҾ͸ܵˣǽҼ֣Ѿܻһֻħ
ıһֻħѹô̵ʱͻƳΪʦˡ
³һüͷ΢΢ţҪԸ治һ׵°һֻƽһƷħҲڵܹԸġ
΢ЩɬƽһƷİħȻӦһʦħĸֶԼԣܱȡ
ҪɱһֻħҲҪΪ棬ֻħ߳һȽסͬ£ûֶΣ޷ɱħ
˱üˣ˰ħĺô
·֪ɬƵģٺٵЦԵЩթ
ԱЦˣ˵񣬽ָղſ϶ǲ뱻಩֪ݣԲûȫң͹ҵʵ˵ѾϳԴˡһΣ϶Ƕǰ׷ɱң಩ĶҶ֣ʱҾͲܻôõˡ
ˣڿϵѪӡɣѪӡڣֳ綼׷㡣
ƺ֪ЩʲôüͷչٺһЦˣСӥǸ˸ôǸӸҳˣҰǿɶѪӡ
ܰҰѪӡסĿһͻȻ𣬷Կɱָʵ
ӥĳû˿ʹ˵ƺԪ³˵ıɣ㲻˵ҪָһʦʵҲҪʮԪ³˱һ


89 ѪӡϢ
˱ģһԪ³˵ıȻһָһʦʵȴҵһ˿֮˷֮ҪסϵѪӡ׾ٵ顣
Ȼͽɡ
˷ģҲʧġ
ЦԱǲԺеķӡ΢΢һ£һ·һŻһ㡣
ϵĳҲڴʱʧһâĶͷӡС
ӡкĽʱɢӡҲ𽥰ȥ
ֻڷӡڲȴʱʱᴫһ΢졭
ɵ
ӡȻɱصһһĨ𶯣ܿϱǹճһĨЦ⣬ڣصһѾҵˡ
ӡɳδĶ೤ʱ䣬ǹ˲ӣԪ³˵ıǱȫɡ
ԭԵýΪķӡҲ΢ôһ˿ɫʣȻǺԣΪӡˣȻزˡ
ɳɹô
һ˿ϲɫ
ϡ
ʱѾɳʮӥҲǷһ
֮ǰսӥϵȻᣬִųԷʮǵܳܵļޡ
ǻȥȻ²Сĺ֢δչ谭С
ӥ֣Ҹط˰ɣ÷ˡ
Ըӥë˵
ϡ
ӥһѡһɽ壬ֱӷȥ
аսѪӡסô
󣬳԰һӥֱѯʷ
һǷ޷ϵѪӡסô϶ܿͻᱻ಩ĵ˸׷ϣʱӥ֮£޷ѣޱȵΣա
رڲδ̫Զʱ佭ȻԸܵõѪӡϢӶѪӡ׷
ʦǿٶȺ٣̶̵ʱ䣬׷ʮǷ޷ڶʱｫѪӡסֵȻԺܿҵ
ңûóʧ
ֱƮڳԣЦ˷ģֹؼʱôӡ
£Ҳʱ䣬ƻӶһİ׹ǴϷӶ˰ڡ
׹еһ˿ϢԪʦǿڲӵеİɫԪ
֮
ǵڶνӴ֮Ȼһεķ֮Ϊ΢Ȼܹ֮ܵ
ڱ֮ס֮ǸоеϢһ̾ȫǣ˿Ҳɢ¶ȥ
ʱ򣬿¾ǽվǰ޷ܵϵѪӡϢˡ
֮Ȼء
Կŵɫâΰס֮󣬱ûڣϵϢȫڡ
ȻһЦ֮Էӡ书ЧȻͨԪȡǷ֮ﵽһĳ̶ȣǷɽ¡
΢΢ЦϵѪӡϢѾסҵҽǧѣʱ䣬Ǿ͵ӥƻָɡʱǽ಩ǣҲֱߡ
ţʵȷ޷Ӳ
ҲǵͷҲֻеʵͻƵʦ磬п뽭ֺ಩еһ˿ˣҪնɱǵеһͻƵһʦҲ൱Ѱ
಩ΪǶ۷ʦ³ԴﵽһʦҲ޷⡣
ȻһʦȴǰħƾһʦʵҲܽնɱ
ﵽһʦ󣬳Զϱ֤
Ҳõ֣Ϊֵ£־ԲҽħֶչֳȻ಩ķֺ಩Ҳûƽദȥ
ҲûҪѽֵݸ಩ģ಩ľ֪˽ǰħݣǶɵ಩ĵԣҪԽֶ֣ԼûС
һ಩֪˽ֵݣͬʱԳʱ־Ͳˣǽеֶȫʩչ಩ֳնɱԡ
Ǿ͵ӥָֻˣֻҪСӥָˣǾͲپ½ǡԳ
һ˵ӥ˲õģСӥȻͦأ⣬֮ǰֻʬӶԵʣҪָҲỨ̫ʱ䡣
ʱӥԡһ㵭ĺڹ⵱УദŲ˺ۣѪۡڹ⵱УЩȴһۿɼٶȣš
ˣԵȻɱӿǸӥִ˵ĺߣһӥֱ𡣡
˵꣬ԱҲϥ£һԪ״̬۷塣һʮŵĻʯǳϣҲתˡҹ
ҹɾ󣬳ԵͻƵ˽۷壬ֻҪҹһɹﵽ۷Σ壬ǿֱӴﵽŽ۷塣
УӰͬǰٱУһ·Ϸ赲ǰޣн׻Ǹ߽ޣ޲ǱǷնɱ
նɱ޺Ȼû˿ͣͣǰС
ˣǰȥ׷ɱԵĽ֡಩ģԼˡ
м䣬ǰĽ֣ȴǶȻͣ£üͷš
ôͣˣ಩ЩõʵȲҪԸ
ҸӦѪӡϢˣһﾪˡ
˵ʲôӦѪӡϢˣ㲻˵ѪӡֻҪΪûͻƵʦ磬ͲܽϵѪӡ𣿡
಩һֵĻʱʧɫѵԵΪѾͻƵʦôܣŹ˶೤ʱ䣬ողǻھŽ׳𣿡
ûͻƵʦҡҡͷ˸һĨɫû´ĻӦǿһֶΣѪӡϢסˣӶ޷ӦѪӡ
಩üôҵ
ֳŵҵĸӦУǰ￪⣬ܲԶֻӥҲˣ޷·ҾãӦǶһطӥָơ
ֻӥô಩Թߣǰûú߽ˡ
ֽ˵˾ͷֿȥɣֻҪҵϷźţӥˣҲڶʱߡ
಩˵źνߵʵҪɱȴЩܣرֻӥնϣʵǴۿۡ
಩ĵͷãô죬˷ֿ
һʱ۾ʱϢǰȻǸʢһ֣ҪһʱｫͻƵŽףЩˣҵѾĴﵽ˰˽۷壬ֻҪٸһЩʱ䣬ͿԽһͻƵŽס


90 նɱ
ϡ
Ըһ۾Ա߱ӥ
ʱУû֮ǰУǴһ˿塣
ӥ֣ƻָô
վӥĿдЩϲɫʱӥϵЩ˺Ȼδȫȴ߰˰ˣӥϵë֮ǰҲΪڣ·𵶷潣һ㣬ޱȷĸо
ˣСӥѾָòˡ
һԵķҲ˵ǵˣڼ䣬ҸܵϢ￿ˣϢѾ뿪ʣµһϢΧεš
۾һУϢӦǽǰɣ
ͷˡ
ʣµһϢ˭
ǸСӥ˵ĺߡ
ô齣΢΢һӥǵ߰ɣȥ
ŷָķ򣬳Ժܿɽ¡ɽ֮ٶҲ΢
ˣǰһǧ⣬ǸϹڳԺ
ĬĬͷǰȥ
ʱû˿Ϣ͸¶Եû޷һ·Եóͨ衣
Ӻ󣬳ٶǰͦһǧףһСɽȴ
ʱԼʦľҲѾܵǰһϤϢ
Ǻߡ
ʱĺɽĴ̽ɽȷΧϡɵľţվڸߴһ۾Ϳ·ΣֻмΪ޵ĵط塣
˼£Ǽ޵ص£Ȼɽȥ
Ϲ֮ء
ԶӲݺĳԿһĻЦһǿ첽ϡ
еϢס˿ĺ߻ᷢĴڡ
ʵԳڵʵԸΪֱն϶ʵۿ۵ĺߣѶȲں̵ܶʱｫնɱԲôͰ಩ĺͽָеʱ䣬Ҫ
󣬺һ޵ص㣬һƬľԶȥԿΣ߽ˣ߱ǷƬľвûʲô
תŵڶصȥ
ڶصһǳݣŴˮָܳܵӲݣվԶҲ׷Ρ
߲ӲݣƳһۻˮٲ鿴һΧΣȷû˼ֹ
ţ
ܿ죬һɽΪΣյϢߣʹɫ΢΢һ䡣
𡭡
һ̣һɫĳӰֱӳҧһŨŨȳζҲ˲Ϯ
Žޣˮ
ɱ¶ʮףˮͰ׳ıˮڵİԪ˲ŷ֮ϣֱӶųıˮݺݺȥ

֣ȭͷڱˮԴʱȻñˮ󷭹ʮס
һֻոս׵Ž׵ȻսңҲߵһȭˡ
ɫѿǰӥ͵Ϯһѣ൱Թߣ˿ֱˮ͵ϮȻ൱ˬ
α߸Ծͬһ޸㣬ݺ˱ˮߴ硣
𡭡
ˮһͳĺβȻ˦һɫޣߡ

ŭһȸı䷽˱ˮĳβϡ

һҵĳʱɢߺͱˮζǵ˲٣һԹ˫˭ûռˡ
ˮβӲ䣬ǿĹڳβϣȻһʦҪʱնɱһֻŽ׵ıˮȻЩܡ
ߣ
ƽʱ߻ȥˮƴʱһӵˮƶʱеɱ˳
ָϵĽָâһϣǳһŻ󵶡
Żһ֣һǿҵԪɢ
⡭һԪ³˱
ڲԶĳԿŻ󵶣һĨ㵣ܿЩ̿
һȱء
ɱ
ֲٵ𣬳ϣͬһɽ㣬Яž޴ѹȸУ͵ؿˮ
ʵһ˵ǿ˵ҡ
ֲٵ޷ʩչһҲû˿£ʲôȫȫǿŴ֮Ԫ֮ۻ룬ſʹһȥޱȡ
𡭡
ˮһǸܵǿҵΣæеȫĳβصسߡ

͡
βһ졣ţźߵһȣˮǸβֱӱףѪ졣
𡭡
ˮʱһʹУ鶯дڰеĺϡ
һȻǼΪͣҺתԪϣȻǱе÷˿ȥ
˵ķǳԵĲ֮
㻹ʲôϷ򶷡
һأһˮĳβϣԼܹܿˮնɱ
ЦһҪٶȳǰȥ
ݡ
ֻϵЦδȫ£һεֱӻգɱԺݺݵغľ硣
һϤļʹʱԺд޷£ľ缸Ҫ˺ѿ
ǱʹﵽһʦΣľһ֮£Ի᳹ױ顣
ҧԺеļʹʹתΣһϤӰǳͫ׵С
һ
תĺߣеֻɭ֮⣬һһʵʰĽе齣бŷ
ƿգ˲ǰֵĿ£ֱӶĺ
Ѫĺ󾱴ɽ
ԡ
иֳһĨţʵ벻ףԼѰҵˣȻһֱԼԼ΢£Լʩչһ
ϡ
ں嵹£ʧǰһ̣ǿϿһӰٷŴ󣬷ֻһʱ˵ıˮ
ֵӥ
𡭡
ûгֻѾ˲Ƶıˮӥĵצ£̱
ûе𺳣ǰȥϵľŻ󵶼𣬶ִϽռָȡ
ϡ
Զӥɱ˵ıˮ󣬱ǽߵĳһȥ
һΣˮͷϵ⣬ӥȴûȥԣϴγԺڼһ㡣
Ȼһ˿Ĳм
ӥ֣㲻ܳ޵⣬Ͷ޵ⲻȤ˰ô˵ҲһֻŽްɡǰȥˮ˸ȡ˳


91 ʨ
ӥˮԿɲ
ôҲⲻɣοˮþŽޡ
ϡ
ӥǵԼδȫָǽŻצƿ˱ˮ塣
һĻεҡҡͷ
óߵĿռָһĨڴ֮ɫôҲӵԪױˣһǳԳղӦòɣ
һɾԺɵرǳ忪˺ڿռָеľӡǡ
ֿռָŵĶ΢΢һᣬ̲סӿֳһŨŨľϲȻһŰ𵤣·ˡ
ռָâԵϱǳһöͨΪɫĵҩԪһСҩ㣬ȴԶԶǾԪܱ⡣
𵤵ļֵǳһٶöԪԶԶ֮ϡ
ԭܼ򵥣̲صҩͳһʦǿߡ
һЧþԪͰû˿ɱԡ
һžԪ˵һ۷ߣǧöԪ޷һʦ֡
һŰ𵤵ļֵ൱һŵľԪһǿ϶ðȥȡԪ
Ϲѩֻ̿Ҫҽҹ۷Σɰ𵤣ҳʦ缸ʮþˡ
ϲʤ㽫ԼռָеĶָɫռָСϹٻöռָռ䵹Ҫܶࡣ
Ƭ̺ӥǽˮϵԵòˣɽȥ
ˣǰƺսҪҪȥ򣿡߳ɽûãȻڳ
ҡҡͷ鷳СǲҪȥ鷳ˣӵ˰𵤣ûǾʦΪãֻҴﵽʦҲӵ˱
֪˼ˣսУҸӦһ˿ϢһֲͬѰı㽫֮õ˵Ҳǿʵء
˵ҲһʱᣬȹȥǾͱͽȥǡ
һջ΢΢ͷУȹȥǶòǾͱҲͽȥˡ
ڴˣԱӥϸ߿գֱǰָĵط
սﲢ̫ԶʮӺ󣬳ԱǸܵǰǿԪԪĲܵһ˿󷨵Ϣ
ܹʩչ󷨣Էݵǲ򵥡гһǼȥ
Ȼ󷨵ϢսжԷʵرǿҲʹһʦĲΣӦΧڡ
ûãʮӰǳ˳ԵߵС
ͷһһʮ꣬ݣͷ΢ͺһ˫۾У˲ϲɢʦϢȻó΢עĿۡ
࣬Ǿ߽ߣ˽۷ߣŽߡ
ʱʮʩչĳ󷨣һֻн߳ߵм䣬һȦȦɫâͬסֻޣֻ޺̶ѡ
һֻ벽̤޼ʨ벽ޡ
ףǻӶŵˡ
Ȼע⵽ǷΣȻǰɱĻɽ˷һ
֪˶Էݺ󣬳жʱЦһӶŵˣӦû֪ƻǵĺأû뵽ڻͣڲɭ֡
ϲʮǻӶеһ֧СӣһơǵǱȲչ׵СӣһʦǿǵʵȴԶСӡ
ЩʱǰջӶŸųհķԸѰ֮ɭҪʩҹѰҳʱҲʩҹټҲʼɺ
ڸոգһֻ벽ʨ뵽ʨϵۼ׿ԴɼӲףǶ൱⶯ûйԥǶӳĴ£ʩչ󷨣ֻʨס
ǸеȴǣֻʨƺѰʨͬѰʨȻǿȫȻǿ˺
ȻǰֻʨվǹǶ޷˺
ӣֻʨϾȻû˿ơ
ԽˣҪնɱʨۼ׵ǿҡ
ʨѾǱʹ󷨸סֻҪʨ¶ƣ״̬ʦʵĶӳǻʨչƣһնɱ
𡭡
ʨһŭڵͫУŨŨķŭЩ࣬ȻСĵ£ʩչһ󷨽ס
еŭǣЩ޷˺£Ȼ֪Ѷˣ浱ô۸ô
£ʨȻһ棬ʱѿ֮ⷴʨǱ׹סΣȻǶȻ٣Ӵͬһл𳵰㣬ײ˲Զһ˽ϡ

һüΪͻȻ˭Ҳû뵽ʨ£Ȼܼ٣˽ߵʱź浹˳ȥпѪ󣬱ǲ£ûϢ
ʨǿû󷨸ס¾ʦĶ֡
ԶӲеĳ΢û뵽ʨȻǿ˳̶ȡ
סȻªޣܵӰ찡һİ벽ޣһס˵ǹˣ붯ˡ
ʱˣ֪ʨΪλ
һ治֪ѵ֪ҡͷʵ
Цû´ĻֻʨӦںһĽŵǿѰ벽޼ʨ֪Ҫǿ϶١ҹƣڵʵѾԱѰˡ
ǺǣӦʨɣкιϵ
ˣܹѰ˵ҲǿأʱʵǴа
ԣĿ΢΢һ
ԣܹҵֽ弫пҲǿʱʵĪô
ȻұŻշֻʨɡʱδų֡
ӶЩҪɱʨǲܣֻҪһʱֱɡ

ԼһԱȻʨɱܻһеĳǹһ׹⣬ۻԪӿʨ֮ǹ߸ֱʨĴϡ
һǹͣ޴һǹȥޣˡ

ʨ屻ҵˡ
еˣȴûг֣ʨĴȽ΢ף޴󰭡
𡭡


92 Ū
ʨѵվΣܻŭһ󷨣Իһʱܻ壬Ѿ͵Ϯε˸˺ɷ顣
ӳô죿ֻʨǸɱҪǷźŰѸųԸųʦʵԿԻɱֻʨ
ԱһŽ۷üͷ˵
ܻһǽųɱʨۼ״ףֵܷüףߣ뵽ʱ򶥶һ״ǡʨϵۼףٿԴʮף㹻СһסҸӵ˴˵ףǵʵþԲֹһ
ǶӳʨǸɱѵǾһֱȥ𣿡
ɱ̫СˡܻЦһһҧӻͳһųɫӣⶫҾͲŻɱʨ
ʣµİ߽߶ʱ𱬣
ǳ𱬣ųǰΪӶ´ʱӳʹ͸ҵġʱҴӿռָͳѡѡ𱬡ܻȻڵΪδ̤ʦó𱬱ըֻʨѾ󷨿סȻɱ
ӳóԸʨôǽԻŬΪСӰ¡
ţʹ˳𱬣ֻʨϵ׿ܾͻˣʱܻٴ켸ףΪδﵽŽ۷ģʱشˣΪͻƵ˾Ž۷壬ٽǡܻ嵭ֻȴţףӦÿԵųﻻһųˡ
Ŀʨϣܻжʱֳһ˿ɱ⣬ųһһǰȥ
ճʨܻ壬üͷ𣬡㲻˵ֻжʦôһʦа𱬣
ˣûʱôడϿְɡûлش𳽻ԵĻֱӴųԶ֡
üͷһ壬ʱ֣Ǹϵĳ𱬿ɻûأ˳𱬣Ҿʮġ
ôʦΪҪʱ𱬼ǲܵ鰡
ΪҪھͶ֣
ˡǳǡԪг˵ı
Ԫг˵ı
Ļ𣬳ȻһԵıεȷǴﵽԪгˡ
һһԪг˵ıʵԻٻָһʦ
ѹַһֱߴˣԭǵʨ𱬸ըǵĳ𱬱ӶͲܻԪг˵ıˡ
͡
ʱǱ׹סʨ·ܵǿҵΣٽͫеķŭ֮ɫʱתΪ˿־塣
ѪҺһǿϢȻɢ
ϢУһķâ·Խһжи
Ϣӿǲϵİ׹⣬Ȼۿɼٶȣɢ
ۡ
һ̽ǳ˲һϢǣ׹ǳɢȥ
ϰ׹ʧʨ󷨵ֻʱУȴһĨУһ㡣
ֻʨǿǣˣǿˣ㽫շ˵ҲԸæء˵
ҲĸоȣֻʨȻýеһȻ󳹵ױȻǽܹ뵽취Ҳ˵˼άˡޣǿշߡ
ڹ¼ҹһ߶иӥ
ʨæԽԼ಩ģЩԿʱˡ
¡
ʨѿ󷨵󣬱ǿѡһ룬ȻϢήңٶȻڵһʱ졣
Ȼ͸֧ΪпܻԽĽ״Ӱ졣
ҲΨְ취ȻĻ˵ףǱ֮ס
ֻǣķȴǳԲ֮
ʨҪӣ׷
ܻʱŷӦ֮ǰʨڶʱ󷨣ҲǼΪ𾪡
֮ʨ󷨺һʱ룬ܻףʨΪ󷨣Ҳǳ
ڵʨǴΪʱ㲻ʹó𱬣һԽֻʨɱ
벻ֶˡ
ųԼʨ¶һĨ֮ɫҲ룬ʨǰ״ʱαͬڵ
ʨۼǰһӰжʱ־֮ɫʱû˿

һʨͷϣʨӣǲ֧¡
ʨͫеľ֮ɫ΢΢һҡͷôֲɱġ
ȻʨǾ˫ֳۣһĨţųԿ
ڳԵϣȷδܷһ˿ĵ⣬Щ׺ԡ
ʲôˣȻҶԸǵô
ʱܻҲǸϵվʨԵĳԣܻԱߵһŽ۷ŭȵ
ƳһۣĿܻϣֻʨҵˡ
Ž۷߶ʱŭҪŭȣȴܻס
ܻĿڳϴһ£˭
˭ҪֻǸ㣬ֻʨҵˣûɣ΢΢һЦ
ܻ۾һУȴǾɣΪڳԵϣ˿Ԫ
ֻֿܣҪôһδԪͨˣҪôΪǱҪ߳١
ղųԱ˿ѷɫٵٶȣԵľԲһδԪͨˡ
λСֵܣǧǻӶŵһӳ֪ɷ֪ݣܻԼݣȻֱֱضųԵ۾
ԵЦҲʲôݣҶҲû˿Ȥֻ㣬ֻʨҵˣĻͿ㶯֣ûͿҹ
ھǵܻȶ֣ܻһˣ޷ڶʱ𱬣ҲͲΣˡ
˫һ֣ƾһֶΣżĻᣬ޷յֱնɱܻλһʦ
ܻͻȻЦһݶұ¶ҲʲôˡߣҪǻӶŵĶ֪ҪĴô
ȻܻĿ˳Եָϣ׼ȷ˵öɫָϣռָȻǿռָСӣĿռָһ
˵ţܻ彫ϵĳ𱬣ǰڵİԪҲڴ˿̼ӿ
㳽Եʵ΢ǿЩ𱬣ҲԺɱˡ
ռָ൱֮
ӳеĿռָϣԶ϶öռָָͨҪ١


93 ӡһ
ܹöռָټʨۼףҲ൱ˡ
⡭
ɫ΢䣬æһ֣ռָ䣬æ䣬ǾŽ׳ڵԪҲǲСɢЩ
Žסߣ
ԪȻ΢ӵùʦ̽⣿
ܻܵǾŽߵԪɫʱþ²ſűʵҪǿϲٵʦ֣ȻֻǸһʦδ̤ĸ߽ߡ
С飬ȻƭңҲ˺㡣
һ̣һɱŭ֮ɫʱӿܻϣҲǽ뻳УۻԪעǹ֮ϣİ׹ҫ

ֳֳǹܻͬ㣬ٶȳ˳ԡ¶˾֮ɫҲ𽥸ֳһĨпЦ⡣
һȻϢƭԼ˹óŵ¶ţ˵ᱻһֱƭȥɡ
ʱܻıٶȳ嵽ǰȻԼĳǹԵĺ̴
ķûзһ˼ȥԲһŽߣͲҪκη֮ǰԸʨһվɱԶܹɱ
ֻǣ볽ֻʣʱǷֳԵǾֵϣȻֳһ˿ЦݡЦУϷŪ볰֮⡣
ôܻһʱеЩˡ
ݡ
ֻǣӦ죬ԵĹ죬һεŷӦ֮ʣֱӺľ硣

ľʹʱԺдܻסһ
㿴ҵĿռָҶû˵ĳء
Цһ齣Ȼֱ̳ͬӶܻʺ
ɱ˶ӳ
ӳһʦôɱ˶ӳ
ǱǱһıһɱӳ𡣡
ӳɱ
Χǰ߽߿ɱܻ壬𾪣û뵽ԾȻɱһʦʵܻ塣
ǿϵ齣󣬱뵽ƾ齣һɱܻ塣
в֪̰Ƿŭ˾ûһ룬԰ԲʽųΧɱ
ɱ
ǰ˳һս֮൱Ĭ֮ǰվλãӰ˸ͬλԡ
£³һžŽ۷ΪߣҲɡ
ڳǲһߣǸûǹ
ǿܹɱܻ壬ȫƾϵı
˸̰ļһﰡǻߵġȻǲӣô
Կٴܻ廳н𱬸ȡ˳ʩչ̤ѩ޺ۣٶȶȻﵽ£˰롣
ͣͣ
齣ķâ󿪣˫һ˲䣬ֱп˽ߵʺ
ȥƲɱŽߡ
˴ﵽ˾ŽײΣиŽ۷ߣǲ˳ǿֲʵϽӿֳһĨŨŨ𶯡
ʦ
ʦǿ߷ӵеʵ
Щ߽ߣȻҶʦǿ߳֡
һʦҲնɱʮŽ߰
ӡ
һŽ۷ߴһҪ˳ȥ
ݡ
ֻһĽԱʮٶȣ̴Դ
ʣµŽߣ¶˿ֻš־塭


ˣ
ݡ
齣
Цһڼ˵֮齣ʩչһֱոŽߵ
һͼߵһŽ۷նɱ
Գʵ濹һʦܹռϷ磬οǶԸЩ߽ߡ
նɱ⼸߽ߺ󣬳ߵʨǰһۺֱʵҿԾ㣬ҪΪԸ⣬գһ۾ԸĻҲɱ㣬һһ˵ҩԼ뿪
ʨҪշҲ֮Σ˲ʨԼȨ⣬治ͬ⣬Բǿ
һֻԼޣҲûȤȥշ
ʨԵĻ󣬼û˿ԥգۡ
١ļһ
Цһӿռָȡһ˵ҩʨ
µҩʨкܿͳһ˿ɣ֮ǰǰ
񣬰ҿ̻һԼɣӦûŪɣ
ԼҲ֪ȴǲֻ̻ѯʷˡ
ٺһЦȻδָʵҪ̻һԼûġңܻ֪һ£ڷӡѾԿһˣ㲻ðʨռֱָӡɡ
ϹٻĿռָռָͬöռָǿװ»ġ
ĻԶʱӡװ
ˣòԷӡ˽⻹ء˵ӡܹΪĲ㣬ҿԵһ˿֮󣬱ǿԿӡһ㡣һ㣬һеԪŨ̶ȣڲ
ӡܹĲ㣿һǵһأ
ЩգΪӡˣڷӡ治Ǻ˽⡣ĻĺҲױˡ
ˣǻ뿪ٸϸӡĸЧðɡոͷųԼϢʱѪӡϢҲɢЩڽֺ಩ˣطء
Ȼȿ̻һԼʨ뵽ӡаɡ
ͷڳԵĶͷϣһ˿ţֲ䶯ԵĪ⡣
һʱӳԵĶͷʨֱڡ
ݡ
ʨʨܿͻһŽ⣬˳ԵĶͷʧ
ʱ򣬳ԺеķӡƺҲһ¡
һ쵽ӡУ⻹Ƿָһ˿֮һ̽ӡ
̽ӡʱľֻڷӡΧǻʹȥ
һΣȴǺ谭ؾͽ˷ӡУһƬտʵĿռ䣬ƺһۿͷԸܵһŨԪȻ˵Ԫ
ָ࣬û٣ʵĻָ϶
ݼˡ
ڷӡһУʨƺܵ˳Եľһд
ʨвܿ˵ڳԺǩԼȻԺͳԽн
ţ㡣
Դһͷʨջ˾


94 ƽԼ
ʱУޱ𶯡
ʱߴٵٶˣ뿪׷ˡ
׷ô˵ļһ
üͷ΢壬ֺ಩˲ͣ׷ɱʵЩ԰
һصʬ壬һͷȻô׷ᣬҲǰһˡ
뵽ԽϵϢٶɢѪӡϢ֮ɢ
һ·ű߿ٱȥ
֮ǰӻɽļУ͵֪˻Ӷŵűʩҹˡ
ڶ࣬Ҳûȥ೤ʱ䣬ټϸոܻˣ΢ӿٶȣ϶ԺܿҵӶŵˡ
ڷĸӦУ಩ĶˣҲֻǧףôҲݲóԷŲ
ңǰʮǷɢɢһЩӰ
ЩϵķΣѷֱǻӶŵˡ
ЩССϺԲûйͣٶǰ
վסʲôˣ뿪ǻӶ¡
ʱһۺ󳽻ԱǼӰӲԶض¡
ɢϢܻ֮ҲҪǿЩǴﵽһʦΡ
ˣԻǶ˲ԶһԶԶۿ
Ϣޣ壬ȻǸһ޷ֿĸо
˵Ŀ³̶ȣǳŶ۷ʦΪ಩ġ
ʦ
ӶŸųհ
λڱ׷ɱҹȥԵɫһƬ
һʦȵ㱻׷ɱǵ£Ȱ㻹ǴӱĵطƿȻĻ׷ɱ˻û㶯֣Ƕ㲻
ԷŭҲ̫˰ɣ׷ɱҵˣ˶Ըңһǵɱǵء
Сӣɱ˵ʦüͷ˵
һҿû˵ǵ·һ𣿵ʱҿǵ˰ΧסǣҪɱһʲôʩүģȫ˸ɱˡҲΪ飬ҪɱڣΪٶȿ㣬ڶѾǸɱˡ
ʩү˵ÿġһʦжʱһ⡣
ЩͷصûƭǰǵòҹȥϾҪɱˡ
ʱ򣬵ȷϢٳ߿ŶֻҪܸϵ
㲻ߣҪȥǸʩүģǻᱣ
ƾʲôҵǲһʦˣǵпŶʦȳˣҪʩүֱǾǣҿɲҰϡ
£Ѿʩչ̤ѩ޺ۣһٱȥ
Ըһ룬հһʦǰ
ųҪҪȥС׽һʦʵ
ɽһȥѮߣ뷢΢ףȻԵþȣҡͷС˵ĻӦòǼٵģһŽߣʦ˵𣿶ҲӦøӦˣϢǿϢУȷһϢﵽ˶۷ʦء
ǽ
Ȱץ˵䵽ҵϣҾͲҲʩҹĲ֮˵հһ֮ɫԸһʦҶԸʦ
ǡ
׼ûãӰǿʱȴͣ
֣ôͣˣ಩Щõ˵ۿžҪ׷ϳԣȴͻȻͣ
ɫΪҸӦѪӡϢˡ
ʲôָӦϢˣôܣ㲻˵طѾʱ䣬ټѪӡ𣿡
ҡͷҲ֪ô£ҿԿ϶ǣھԻûͻƵʦֻʹõطʵ̫⣬ȻʱƣԳʱסѪӡϢ
ô죿
׷ȥɡ
λǰһӶŵô
ڽֺ಩Ҫȥ׷ʱհɭʱ
𣬻հһʦǽֺ಩ĸΧ

ڽ಩Ķ˺ͻհ˻ᷢ飬Ҳܹõһ뿪ǽٶʩչ죬ͬʱסѪӡ㱼һʱһ޼ɽ¡
ӥɽ嶥ԷųһһΪô۸ôٺ١һʦһ۷ʦ˺һˡ
ˣͻƵʦ磬㲻ܻǣҲԶԸеһˡ
ҲȷҪŬȡһͻƵʦһһٽҹ۷徳磬ﵽŽ۷壬һٳʦ硣
ڵʵȻԿһʦߣ಩Ļǽ֣ǵʵѰʦԶԸ
Ҳֻдﵽʦſһ˿⡣
һӿռָȡ𱬣ųӦÿָһʦʵɣ
ٺ١ȻֻһԵԪг˱Ԫ³˱Ҳ㹻һָһʦʵˡ֮ǰԵõ˺ߵľŻ󵶺󣬾ֱӽ˷
ų𱬰ɣһʦʵٿԸһЩˡЦ˵
Ͳ֧ʲô¾սһİ֣Ի൱⡣
Ȼ԰ս飬˵ΪǸ
ͺñ磬һСӾ򶷾ٷḻһǿ׳ӣһƾͿ԰۴ޡ
Ȼս鳽ҲǲֻǣҲʲôսԼְɣԸһЩʵԼģԼӮ˶ԷҲþͻս顣
ȻǻԼİֳ֡
Ҳ׳Ե˼±Цһ󽫳˷ӡУʼ
ϸȥǿϤ졣
ûг೤ʱ䣬ͣ
ͣ£ǻԵñȽϰķӡһ˿ɢлһϢ͸¶š
ָһʦô΢΢һϲѾܹܵϵϢҪǿʢ˲٣ȻûһʦϵԪҲûǿеǰַ̬֮ϢȴǸΪŨ
ܵԼʵָЩҲЩˣˣСӥҲսӡɣӦҲ㡣
ӥûǩԼҲԽӡôɻʵ
Ȼԡˣ㲻ǩһֻƽȻ𣿡
ƽȻ飿΢΢һɣĿ䵽ӥϣӥֹͬΣնΣҵȻԸǩƽԼǲ֪ԸԸǩҲ֪һǩƽԼͻܵһ


95 Ĳķӡ
ԴСӥᷴô㣬ôس
Ҳǡ
ԵͷǽĿӥֱӵӥ֣ԸǩƽԼ𣿡
ϡ
Ȼ仰ӥһ㵣Ӧ󣬱ǺɵصԴ
ӥֲҸеа
һϲæߴٵ񣬿ǿ̻ƽԼɡ
ӥʵȻЩȻǼԸӥǩƽԼڳ˵ӥѾֵܡ
ǩƽԼôһֱͨӽнһ˫Ϊﵽʦ磬ͨΪк֮⣬һͷ£Խ֮ٻ
ڶôһЩض£˫Թ
ǩƽԼȴҲһЩƣܼ򵥵һǣһֻǩһƽԼ
Ҳ˵һӥǩƽԼôͲǩƽԼӥƽԼǩƽԼ
ȻǩƽԼԼǩġ
ԵĶͷֳһƽϸߣݺύ顣
ˣȡһξѪҡ
Եͷָ׻ָһξѪƮ˽ȥ󳽻ӥӥ֣ҲȡһξѪɡ
ϡ
ӥˬشӦצиһ£Ѫʶ
ݡ
ԶͷϽӿӥסӥ˿ڴľѪҲǷɳһΣû˳Զͷ
û೤ʱ䣬ԱǸоԼľӥ֮䣬ƺһϵ
Լǩɹ𣿡
ܵӥ֮ϵϲڶ¸ĵһѣӥ
Ȼʶʱ䲻ȴؾ
硭
һЩڳԵԺ
֪ӥ
ӥСӥ
ӥȻôۣͺСһ㣬ͻȻãӥ֡ȻЩвˡ
ѹ֣ӥһھǳƺԼ磬ǳʲôġ
ˣ㻹ȰСӥսӡɡ˵ҲԼǣӡСӥս
ҽСӥսӡ
Ե˵ͷȻӥСӥ㾫ɣҪֿҴȥһط
õĴ硣ӥӦǣڳԣ÷
Եһǣŷӡһϵӥ
ӥǻһ⣬볽ԵĶͷ뵽ӡС
ˣҲӡɡڳϲ֮ʱٶ
ԲɾҲܹӡ
ˣӡҵı壬ҵˣô޷ӡأЦͬķʽԾˣ˷ӡоϲء
ϲôұȥɡ
ͷһǵһĶͷӿȫ˸Ƭ̣ɢʧģųԵ塣
һʧƬ嶥ʱտֻӹԼԶʱʱ޺
Ƿӡĵһô
ܿ죬Ա˷ӡĵһ㣬һƬʵĿռ䡣
Ȼʣȴǿһۿ֮Զ
ӡĵһ㣬ͺһСһ㣬ûȻ޷һۿͷ
Щϴƺ˲١
Ժܿ͸ܵ˷ӡһзı仯΢Щ졣
ȻĿһʵգеԪȻʮϴοǲô
ϲôһԪʮءҵʵԪŨ̶Ҳ
ԶӥԼʨ˹
ǿݵϣǵɫʣ뵱۷֮ʱһһԪ֮أѰϼ죬ΪԻڶ̶ʱ䣬ͻƵʦһЩ츳õĸǻֱӴﵽʦ۷塣ֻҪ΢ЩԪ£ռ֮ǿԽ׵ʦ
Ԫ֮ӣˣǿ۷ʱڲеģͲҪ˵ˡԪȻҪŨʮ˵ò㻹Ǹ˵˵ӡĵڶ㵽Ĳɡ
νЦЦԪΪɲǿʮԪ
˵ӡڶ㵽ĲŸ
֪ЩԪȤ˭ء
ʼ磬ӡĲ㣬һǼرԴԪɣֻҪ㹻ķ֮ԪŨ̶ȱǻԿԱһԪ֮ӡ
ڶ㣬һ챮챮У̲򹦷ֻҪǣ챮ҵһ϶ߵĹż֮
㣬Ƿӡ֮㵱Уǧһѹһͷħҽ֮
ǧǿǧͷħôİħ𣿡ͷһ
Цһˣ԰ħ˽̫ˣǧͷħǰǳսǰ߸İħͲֹЩ
˻ô֮İħ¶һĨ𶯡
ˣδؽӴħԺӴˣȻ֪ħĿºǸµˡ붼ͷƤ顣
⻰ҲоЩأҡҡͷȥ룬ӴİħԼϵҲ󣬡Ĳʲô
ĲôҡҡͷҲ֪ĲʲôΪҵǰ߸δĲ㿪
üͷһ壬˵ʲô߸ǰδĲ㿪ǷӡĴ𣿡
˭˵ǷӡĴˣ갵ħϮ½ҪħȫݣҲǸʱʮħӡӡ߸õʮħӡ˸õʱȻδӡǰѾ߸ǿŷӡǰĹЧڶ̶̵ʱΪ۷壬ͻƵײΡ
ҡͷ˵߸ͻƵ׵ʱҲͱ˳߸ΪﵽʦҲ޷ӡĵĲ㡣ڣƾʦʵǽħϳ½Ԫռ䣬ռͨ
жʱе죬û뵽ӡԼʮħӡȻƾճ֣ഴ졣
е𾪵ģǷӡĲ㣬ȻΪﵽʦ߸δ֮ܽ
ֱ
˰κ󣬳ԷſʵڻҪòܿӡĵڶأ
ܸɴҡͷ֪
㡭ܲܿ׵㡣
ˣĲ֪һ޹ҿԸܵΪûͻƵʦҵʵûлָʦ磬ڶ붼ġ
εصʦһʦûﵽء


96 չؿʼ
ٺһЦҪﵽʦѾָտɴ
ҡҡͷҪͻƵʦȷָտɴҪͻƵʦȴңңˡ
˶٣ǽĿʨϣʨ𣿡
ˣҳʱĸͱɱûءʨֱӻش
ڳˣҲóϷû˿ǿ
Ե˵ͷʱΪӶŵΧɱǻŭҸȡŭ㿴Σ
ʨϲͷлˡ
šһ㣬ǲںһĽʣ
ĽʣҲΪظȤ
һֻѰİ벽ںֿʣȻǿؿһʦȫ
⣬ŭڵͫһɫʣƺû뵽ԾȻ֪ںصĽ
ڳûֱ˵ˣֽǰںϵģʱҺͼͬһɽֽɽзֵġֽʣǸɽźܶܶࡣԴǰȥһˣ֮Ҳȥˡ
ȥôѵɽΣ𣿡ŭ˵ɽеȤǸŨ
飬ŭȻ¶һ˿£ͷ˵ǵˣȻƬɽûؽ뵽ɭڲɽУҲŴޣͨԪޣ޶źöֻһɽеĻ飬ȫɥЩ޵צ£Ҳã
ޣüͷһ壬ֻԪ޵Ļȥðմһޣ治ڵܿġ
ޣʦǿڡڱ˵俹⣬¾Ǳһצᱻֱĳɷ顣
Ȼ뵽˷ӡ˷ʵǱƬɽУ޵ĻҿֱӶӡô
ĿԶӡôԾ޺֮ˣٵĴ򲻹ޡ
ͷˣǿĵˣ㵱ȻԶӡұø㣬Է˷ӡȻӡĻӡֻǰֵסһĹһ㹥ǻᴩ͸ӡչġ
һ빥룬ˣ޵ʵ˵һ빥¾һͿɱüˡ
֪˷ӡЧл˵ġ
٣ֺ಩ĵһ빥ǿӦ
ƺ֪˳룬εˣûǾٰڷӡɣһϳرϵĵһӡǽǵӿɾͲùˣ½ߣѰһˡ
ĻŻعԼϵӡȻؼһ
й¶˳ȥ½ӶӦ˷Ļе߶µһˡ
ȻǽȲѵ£ҾͲʹ÷ӡˡεص񣬰ŭѾǰ벽ˣа취ͻ𣿡
벽ҪͻƵԪһƷޣѶȼ󣬲ϾųֶΣԶЩĵġ
ԵĻҲǵͷУֱӸѡһɣܷһͻƵԪޣͿԼˡ
ŭʱмŷ
΢΢һЦ̧֣һǴû˰ŭԺ㣬ͺúɣȡͻƣΪЧ
𡭡
ŭ޷ͷֻһʾм
󣬳ֽĿСӥ
磬ҲҪһЩֻɫʯͷͿˡСӥԼæҡԴ˵
ԶʱСӥԹȤСӥû˵ŻʯΪ൱֮죬¾һЩĹҲɻʯȡ
Ȼ㲻Ҫʹûʯɡ
һٿŻʯǱȡСӥĽ¡
Ҳÿʼ˰ﵽʦ磬ҸͶԸ˽ֺ಩ġһΣԱǾҪһʦ硣
۾ϣԽת𡶻ҹ
֮ǰһҪͻƵŽ׵ļֻ󱻴ţͣ
˴һҪŽףһҹ۷徳硣
ҹת󣬳ϳһѵĻʯͲȥϵŶٿŻʯֱһʶ¡
һںٴγһѣٶ¡
ʮŻʯԷͣŻκһʦǿߵĶ
ܣŭŵϴ󣬰λزСӥգ۾ȻܵصͷһһŵԼµĻʯ
ڷҡͷ̾ǵļһﰡ
ľʹܿǴдȼÿһѪ⣬ּʹĸо
־ʹȴ΢΢üܿɿһƬ
ʮŻʯһδ󵨵سԡ
ǳԣҲǶԼ޵սѾ˳Եķ룬ԳƵǷ
ޱȰĻ֮ȼϮųڵÿһѪ⣬Եϣʱٶȸֳһ˿˿ĺɫͬȼա
ڵѪҺڴ˿ҲǼٷڿ
ͻˡ
˹ϰκ󣬳ͷһľڣۻĻ֮οסǳǴ˴Ԫĵȥ
֮֮󣬳ڵԪʱҲǷ
ȻڵԪɫһ״̬һ˿ɫ壬ָоȻ̻ˮ
͡
Եĵͷ·ȼһ㣬Ȼù̷죬Ƹһ㡣

ߣ
ʱĳԣҲΪﱻ֮նΪʹ࣬ʹ̲࣬סһü΢΢šš
ʹδΪʱŶΪ֮ӿӾ硣
ʹȻ޴󣬵õĺôȴҲСʱĵ֮⣬һ˿˿ɫ͸һƳڡ
ڵﵱеԪҲԽӵʵһ˿ɫԪʼŨ
ֹ֮һͷ󣬳ԭȻĵҲǱͬӲ
ǿӲڵӦŽ˰ɣ
һĻͷӹһϲ⡣
ȻԪѾͻƵ˾Žףǰ˽۷塣ͻƣǿӲôųʦʱ
ҪɹͻƵʦҪõǿӲһѰ޷ﵽĲΣԪӵųʦǿߵʸ
ǲȻ㹻ĵҩҲԻõﱬըһ


97 һʦ
ȻҵĵõǿѾﵽ˿ȾŽߵĲΣȻ޷ԶǣԪа𵤣ҪʦǿҲ൱ǿҹ۷壬ﵽŽ۷壬ӶȫǿԶǣԪٽгʦ
еļƻʣ֪ԼһʲôҲû˿ԥǴӿռָȡĻʯ
ҹҲǱ߶˼¡
һ˿˿֮ϴӻʯӿھǣ£ӿȫס
ҵʹ֮࣬
һΣԲ֮ס֮Ż֮뵤뵤ڲա
ؽҧ𣬶ͷһ˿˿ĺ£ȴԸӡ
ڳ֮£ĵҲ𽥱ͨޱȣͷ·һࡣ
еԪҲ𽥱ɵ壬Ʈ
˲Ҫɹô
ԶķߣԪЩüͷ̲סһơ
ҡͷЦҲ̫ƴˣҲóſͷͻ
ȻҲףԶһֿ
Դδӿ˵Ϊ޲Ҫǿ
ҹͻơ
˫۵ĳ۾΢΢һȵĺб
ˣϲ㡶ҹ۷֮ÿʼʦ𣿡ϥڲԶЦ˵
΢΢ͷҾʹﵽʦѾȫǿԶǣԪŰ𵤣ҳʦ磬κѡ
ҹһ۷徳ǿõǿֱʦΡ
ûа𵤣ԻΪԪ룬һŰ𵤣ȴǿԱֱͻƵʦ磬ӾŽ׳ڵŽ۷壬ȥ
ȻõҩͻƲãԳԵ壬ȴǿԽԪеʣųӶԪޱȾ
һǿŰɫİ𵤱ǳ֮ϡ
ŨŨҩʱ볽ԵıǿףҪͻˡ
΢΢һЦһͷ̷ȥ
һɰ絽ޱߵԪͬɽ麣Х˲鲼ȫÿһ䡣
Ԫۻ̶ȣ֮һžŽ۷尵ħˣҪǿֹ
ԸоԼͺԪ֮ӣ΢һ޾Ԫɹá
оϲһᣬԱǽͬľͬȳ棬ڣϵؿסڵԪһӿ뵤
ɰٴ
ĺɰٴ
Ԫͷ·һ֧˷ӿ뵤󺣡
ʱ򳽻ԵĵҲһ޵׶һ㣬ϵķԪû˿Ŀܡ
ۻԪѰĸ߽ߣﶼֱӱű
⾭յĵԲôһĻ
ϵϢҲ֮£ۿɼٶš
Ž׳۷塢ŽڡŽ׺ڡŽ۷塭
ǹȥʱɢϢһֳĿ̬ӲǴӾŽ׳ڣ˾Ž۷塣
ͺඥҪ̡
ԱǿһŰ𵤣һٳŽ۷壬ɢܵԪֻ֮һ
µĵ
ȫ߷ĵ
幦ǿԵȻֻǾŽ۷徳磬ĵѾ߷룬ֱʦΡ
ɹͻƵʦʦǿеԪҲºĵﳹǿʦ
ͻơ
û˿ͣԵԪﵽ˾Ž۷֮ͬˮԪٶȹעĵﵱС
ȻеԪѾǽͣԪٶȣ֮ǰȻ౶
Ž۷Ϣʵ
ʱ֮£š
ڵԪǱ绹ҪŨʮԪҲڴ˿̻زţƱ˵һ㡣
ʱĳԣȻǴ״̬С
һ졢졢졭
죬Եĵ﷽ֹͣԪ
ԪѾϣĵѾǴﵽһȫı״̬
ϵϢŽ۷߲֪Ҫǿ˶٣ĵһٽ㡣
ֻһ
ֱʦĵѵʦͻôʦﲻҺ̸̱ʦǿʦ硣бӿһɷ
ǽľϯͬŭһ㣬һּΪԵ̬ڲԪ͵ع뵤
䡭
Եڣʱ¡һ졣
һǿϢϯòԶķСӥͰŭǽĿ˹
ǷֳɢǿϢϲ
ݡ
˫һνڱա
ʦô
վԪ֮ϸУ·֮䣬ͿԵӴԪ㲻֣ͷһ£ԪҲᱻԶǣëڣ뵤
ʦ
ﵽʦ󣬳оԼľ·ǿһߡ
ˣϲ
Զϲ߹
һʦ
Կжʱһ֮ɫΪȻǲھȻҲ̲һɿһʦǿߵ
֮ǰָΪͻ˻Ҫǿϲ١
гš

ݡ
齣Ȼ̳գһٵƷ졣
һ̣ĵʵʰĽ˲ǰ硣

ȻԹһǷӦݵ̧һ˸ǽǰĵֱӰס
΢΢䶯һɢС
ˣҶְĵʱЦ˵
ŷ֮ͽԼ齣жʱһɾҵ𶯡
ڵʵʩչ齣նɱѰһʦһ۷ʦնɱ齣ȴ嶼ˡ
Ҳ߯˰ɣ
ʩչһ룬ˡ
һȻ齣ǿ࣬񷽲չֳֶΣƺ
ôôǿڵʵٿԿʦ˰ɣԺܿʹӴ߳һϲ
ʦʵǿԽŶ۷Ϊ಩ģԼΪħĽ֣ʰˡ

ܲ˼ͷˣʵʵҲͺˡҸղܹ֮ɵĨĹȫΪڷӡСڷӡУҿ޶ȵص֮ʵȷǱȱҪǿϲ١


98 ׹
ڷӡвſʦʵ˷ӡˣһıӣһҲôĿװ
һƲ죬˭˵˷ӡˣҵʵҲòãһ˰ħһȫסֶαһʦˡ
üͷһ⻰ôộ
νҡҡͷԵȻǵʱԸֵʱͶɣҪʱֵӡ
ʲôʱˣһ߷Ȼ
ԺٺһЦǸԤ
ϲͻơ
ʱ򣬰ŭСӥҲ˹
Сӥ۵ĳ֮ɫ磬Ҳ̫ţ˰ɣûþͻˣҲŸոͻƵŽء
Ҳǽҡ
ԺգţƣȫǿžʹﵽʦԵʣľûﵽʦٺõĵҩҲôͻƵʦ
СӥҲŽ׵㹥ӦǲȰ벽޲˰ɡ
ٺ٣ڰŭǴ򲻹ҵġ
ŶôԶʱŭʵֱʦߵģû뵽ŭ޷ܾŽ׵Сӥ
ŭˣСӥȻǾŽףٶȴǿͨԪһƷˣĹȰ벽޲رķңЩ̾硣
СӥĽܴ󰡣ԶӥѪǱǲ˰ŭĻи𾪣ǸϾСӥԼ顣
ŰŭŭҲھͻƵޣҲͲһˣȡͻưɣͻƵޣҲԿ˵ˡ
ǣˡŭͷ
һԵķˣͻƵʦ磬ϵѪӡҪҪֱĨ
Ѫӡô
Եͷǰ󴽽ǴȻһɭ仡ȣ֮ǰǴ㽫Ϊʵ±಩ϣʱҾֻ·һˡڣʵͻƵʦǵѵ½ֲɣٺ١ǲңһҪȥء
ˣھ뿪ǰȥѰôڵʵҪԸҲǲܡʵ
ڰŭСӥȻδﵽޣǵۺʵͨһʦǶʦǶԾԸһ
֣ҲǿԶԸ˽֡

ҡͷеƣ಩ĺͽָսթҲ֪ʵжǿգҲðԣǵʵǿһ֣㹻İգٶȥ˰ɡ
ͷҲУôˣٵȸҲûϵ
׼׹ó˰ɣ
ڳĬ˻ǽԼĿĸ˵ˡ
ڵΪոͻƵʦ磬ʱ޷ʵͬŵͻƺͿʼ׼׹
׹Ϊ޷ʵԻһ
ˣҸ׼׹ס
ƺѾϵԻҪһԵĻƱһӵĹǳϣˣ׹һݡһ³˹һ۷徳磬Խ̤գ߽ݣ˵ǵʦֶˡ
۷徳羹ȻͿԽ̤գ
ӿֳһĨ죬ʦԿۻԪʱշӡ
ܹ̤գ߽ݣȷΨеʦӵеġ
Ϊܹ̤գѾǶԿռһĲ򣬾Ǵʦȡ
⡶ݡлڴģΪ̤ʦ磬̤ѩ޺۹ܷӵЧѾԽԽС
ڶ幦Сױ塷ͬ³˵Ĺ״幦ѶȻȽϴ󣬵һɹͨƹף֮١
ף֮١
ٶȾһû뵽⹦Ȼ˰Ե
ŵȴ֪幦ӰԵ˵˹Խͱ塷Ϊ׹Ѷȿ϶еġ
ڽҹ۷壬Ҫͻƣֻһ׵ȼߵ幦
ˣʱڶ׹ʱҪԵͷˡٺ٣ܲ˵ĻҿԸ㻻һȻûԪ׹Ҫһǿӡһġ
ӡǲҪˣ׹ҸﻹȥԪ׹㻹Ǹ˵˵ʲôͷɣҺи׼
ԵЩ⣬ʯʹԳܣ±ġ
ܿ죬ͻȻ֮˵һεġ
ˣ˵Ŷʱɱҡ
ĻóƤֱֲõĸоȻǲ᳽ԣأ˵ţѾµһЩ˼壬⡶ͱ塷Ҫڻ浱нУΨоգſɴͱ塣
Ժͱ塷ʱľ󣬳ԲЩͷƤ飬ӣһ˻϶ǻϱճɻ̿ıɱҰɣ
ˣôܹңһ޹
һۣףʱٿĻջӣֻ˶ΣԪ׵幦ˡϾΪ׹ϧԼӣеڵòʧˡ
תͱ塷ھѰĻٲءֱЦ⻰ûֱ˵óԻûʼ֮ˡ
˶٣ŵһ׹ȼԪ۷塭
ʲôȵȵȡһ̧֣ʵ㲻˵ûԪ׹ôͻȻðһԪ׹ˣ
һЦˣ⹦ȻԪ۷ΣļֵԱ۷廹Ҫöࡣ
к棬Ŷ⻰ô˵
ΪԪ۷Ĺһ
ʦĹԾ˵
һּΪټĹͺñȾʦһְҵһ㣬ټ١
ͱǣǵʦǿ߼ҲкüλԺԺʦǵУȴǾѰһ
ΪͼԪ³ܻС
óеȵģȴΪ㣬벻ףôóһ
ûгΪʦĿ
֮ǰΪžʦ츳Լ״ȴ൱ûʲôΪʦ츳ȫ֮Ӵ
˲֪񻹲֪
Ȼ֪룬ٺһЦˣ֪ʲôǾҸ׼ȫǶģΪ㱾ûгΪʦĿܡɲͬŶȻֻԪ۷弶𣬵ȴһµص㣬ص㣬Ѱ޷ӵеġ
ʲôص㣿
Խף㽫۷֮ʱһ˿ꡣ


99 أѰ
۾ʱ󣬸߽׹Ȼûڹ£ȴʦʦгԵ֪ǿԲĹһŽ׳Ϊ׹Ǳʡ
Ȼܹɹ׵׵Ĺ޼˸û׹˵ȻڣͿ϶ǿѨ硣
ȻǿЦһȻŽ׳Ϊ׹Ǳʣ޷Ϊһʦͬ
˭˵ģ
һۣ紫ԾȼԶԪȼߣųΪʦǱʣУһЩȴΪǿʦӣ֪ж١ȼԶԪȼΪΪʦţھʦĵ·ϣȴ߲˶Զ
Գһͷͬ⻰ǲ١ҿԳΪʦ𣿡
ԼܷΪʦԻ治ǺϣԳΪһʦ
ʦȻǿߵĴʣǿࡣ
ܹΪһʦԵʵԻᱩǡһʦ͵ȼĻƽһƷʦҲԲüɵ಩ĺͽֶˡ
ʦΪƽס̽סססϽףÿһַΪƷ
ˣܷΪһʦҲֻ֪Ҫ׹ûгΪʦǱʣҲżϣ˵
Ҳ֪ǳԳΪһʦʵŶĺô
Խӹӹ֣أǵͷһȥġ
¾
ϵ֣볽С
֣ԸоԼһƬսսϱʬ޾ɱ¾Ϣ·Ҫ˺һУݺݵس볽Եľ硣
¡¡
Ըо·ƬضҪɱԼһɵĸоϮҪóԴӴƬսϡ
ÿֲĹ
ɫ΢䣬һļ¡
ļ¹󣬱ŨŨϲ¾ҿ϶ú
ˣҽڻݡΪã򲻹ʦҲҪڶʦ»ֶΰɣԵĻʱҡͷ˵ҡ¾治ôģõԼľǿЩٿʼ
ͻƵһʦ̤ѩ޺۲ʲôԽٶʩչ죬Ҳ൱һ۷ѡ
һ۷ʦٶȣڶʦǰȷûȡ
ˡݡȡһɾͣٶȿ϶߲٣޷಩ֶ۷ʦȣҲѰĶʦ
ҷ˵Ҳԣ¾൱ֲóȻ˵ȡЧ¶ĸӰ춼᲻С
΢ԱǵͷãҽݡȽٶȥ
ڷĻԻǱȽŵġô˵һ֣ľŵһЩϼһﶼ޷ȡ
¾ϣԱǽ׹ռָˡݡ
Ϊһ³˹ѶȾѰ³ѾΪʦݵȻЩĿࡣ
һĸ磬šСɡɡ۷塣
һԣҪ۷徳磬ԪΪҪﵽ߽ʦû㹻Ԫ֧ţҪʩչѶҲ൱֮
ݵĹؼ֮ǲһ̤ܹƳ谭ǿһʮסҪһǺѡ
Կź棬üͷҡͷ̾
׹׹ž磬֮ѡ
ҪɣѶǺ֮
ԴˣԵֻǸ̾һջ˼ʼ˼
һ̤ƳеĿ谭أֿ谭˫֮ϣҲͬС
ҪƳ谭Ҫע˫ϵҪ΢΢ϧҾЩˣȻžס壬Ҽ谭

˼ĳԣСӥŭæ˿ȥܱʣ³һӰ
žĿռУĿתڹ۲ʲô
Ԫռ侲ֹ
ݡ
ȻԺз·뵽ʲôе齣Ȼ̳ǰԪʱֹռž
Ľ˲䴩͸գԼΪֲٶȣǰȥ
Ҳ̤֮ʱþգԪ뾲ֹҵٶȾԿԴﵽ̶ȡ
ԣַУֽô
΢һǶ϶ԼϹƫз֮£齣ֱ뽣ʡ
սһǳɣʶɡ
Խǳ˻ᣬбǱһ⡭
ԺͷԵѾǱһ⡣
໥ģǰˣҿԪ뾲ֹ״̬ҵٶҲܴﵽ죬ҵɢַȻЧԲá
ҿԪԼգΪٶȲȻȻؼӿô
ţѾǿٷݣϸĶпھ
Ȼǰڵ뷨ݣЧ϶õģҲ̵ʱž硣
Ϥ˲ݵĿھ󣬳Ա㿪ʼתԪתڣ崦һ۷״̶̬ע˫ȣʼǰн
ٶȲ죬ƽߣȴһ̤ݵĸоһһ£ΪЭ
֮䣬ڿԪ߶ͬʱǸеԪȽ࣬ٶʱʱ
ԵοȥΪ죬Զķ񿴵һĻӶʱɵϴ󣬡⡭һӾݵķ⡭Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ߸˽һ׹һ亱Ҳʱȷݰ
СӥͰŭ۾ҲǲͣգţΪغ档
Ǵ磬ʲôֵСӥһȻͷͣسŻʯ
ԭȳԸٿŻʯѾֻʣ²ٿš
ȻԪƵʵģʱֹܵӰ죬ֻҪĸܣһʱʱ̵̿ظܵƵʡ
ԵٶԽԽ죬ʱΪʧͣ½ŲҲͣƬ̣ٶ
ûеڶַȫǲͣ߶

һ󣬳ԭʱʱΣѾֻüӰˡ
㣬СӥͰŭûپ棬æŸԵ
ˡˣ˾ȻһʱˡǸһƺŴﵽž磬߸˿Ϊŵİɣɸһ಻һ󰡡
һʱĿδ뿪Եΰ̣۾գҲգضų
·ڿһ漣ĵ
ⳡ漣Խÿ


100 
ݡ
ԽŲǰһ̤ռԪ·ûܵκӰ죬Ȼһ̣ʮ׿ĳԣȴǶȻ˷ǰ
û뵽һŴﵽž磬عɻԿⰡԺҪСɴ۷壬϶Ҫʱˡ
üͷ΢΢ţƺԼĳɹ൱⡣
ԵĻǱڣԲˣҪǰˡ
λ߸Ϊ亱ŵ꣬ţһʱ侹Ȼ⣬ڹô
Եװƣ
ˣڵٶȣѾֱ಩ȶ۷ʦˣʵٶȿ϶ġǿҪװƵĳ嶯һ˵
ԵͷѾܵˣҶԪĸ̣ٶȾͻԽ죬ҪòСɾ磬ԪΪҪﵽײſ
ƲƲˣСɴʲôľ͵Ժ˵ɣô죿Ҫ𣿡
ҪڶʱΪõķΪǿȣԪȻȻͿԱ֤Ϊǿʵ޶ȵ
ԳƬ̣ҡͷڵľһʦڣҪٽһѶȴǼ󡣶幦Ҳɾ͡ҾǽȥѰҽֺ಩İɡ
˵䣬ĿתСӥ밢ŭ
ԸܵǶϵϢǿ˲١
磬ڻ𣿡
Сӥ˹ڳеˣҲ֮졣̷˽һٿŻʯʵѾͻƣﵽ˾ŽڵĲΡ
ˣѾﵽ˰벽۷壬ֻһͿͻƳΪޡڵʵͨһʦһǿԵġôŭҲ֪˳ǿĵˣȴû˿η壬ǺСӥһѽ಩Ķ˳֮졣
ԵͷţʵȻ޷濹⣬һǲ𿪣ҪԸǣȴǼΪס֮ǰĳԹʱȥˡ
ˣֻҪȽ˽֣಩Ƕ۷ʦҶ԰ඡ
൱˷ܣֱǰħȻֻͲεĻƽһƷħҲָٵʵ
ãھͶ
Իһ䣬αʧ˷ӡһ㡣
ʱҹĴ£Ҫйĳַŭ
տķ嶥ϣ
һݵӰƾճ֣Ӱź£ֳֳĿȸ㣬һ˫ǳĺͫ˸˿˿ɱ
ôҲǺ˰ɣҳǵʱˡ
뿪嶥󣬳Գϱ߷ٱȥˮϣֱӱһε𿪡
ڷӡʱ䣬ʱҲ֪緢ʲô
Կ϶һȴǣ಩ĺͽ֣Բ׷Ź
Ҫģȿǣֺ֪̽಩Ķ
ֺ಩ֵĻӦԵЩ֣಩лõ㣬ȻΪǿʵ֪
Ψ֣ôһԴδ佻ֵİħ
һħֶΣȫ֪
ˣǰˣ
ʮӺ󣬷Ȼ
ѵǽֺ಩ڻڲɭҲɣ
һüͷʱ
𣺡ˣЩ˵ϢһЩнߡ
нߣѵ಩ҵģĿһ
нʵȻǿǾ΢ḻЩڲɭҲŲٵıֶΡ಩ɳнǰѰҲ˵ùȥ
ϾڳԳʱ䲻֣Ҳܾôɺš
ߣȹȥ
Եǰٱȥ
ܿ죬һϢǳ˳ԵĸӦС
󲿷ֶнߣ߽ȿʦĸ֣һûС
Ƭ̺һӰǳ˳ԵУ˵ķΣаЦԼĲȻû಩Ĳڲɭֳ֣ɳһЩǰѰ
Щˣȫǳ
Ϣ߾ûԶ󣬳ԱǶȻ٣ͬҹ֮һ㣬ڳǰǿľֱӽѹסҲǴӳԵĿдҪͼȻĻֻǶǶɱˡ
ʦǿߡ
Ϊĳɫ󺧣ʦǿ߶еľҲŹ
ʱǵһʱ϶˶Էһǿʦǿߡ
ɫ󺧵ͬʱǽĿǰǵӰϡ
ŴЩ䵭֮ɫϤӣϵĴ󺧣ʱŨŨ𾪣֮ѿڶԣ
ڣŸո𣬱ǱԾѹסδ䴫ȥ
ٷ̫죬ȻֻԼĻѡһ
ȻѾ˾κˣǵͷģҲٷ
ʮ֮ǰ뿪ʱΪſﵽ߽ߣڹȥʮյʱ䣬ԵΪȻһ볣󷶳Ŀֲٶȣﵽʦ硣
ʦǶǸ߸ϵĴڡڳ棬Ҳһ֮֮ϡ
ڵĳԣƺʮ궼δﵽɣ
ʮ겻ʦǿߣǳֹ
뵽ԼִеݺݸԼ⡣Լ𣿾ȻԸһʦǿߡ
ţ㣬ӦöҰɣ
⡭ǳ˵ǲΥ
Ե֪֪֪಩ĺͽģ
ҼҲ֪ھ֮ǰس֮󣬾ֱӻص˳˵ˣʱһֱˣδ̤
ˣ
üͷʱ಩Ľ뻢ӶŸųЩСìܣѵ˫Ļս
ƺеš
ûټȥ룬ԼʵԴϴ뿪֮ûзʲô£
ĵģ಩ɱˣìͷΨһһˣ̡
⣬ûпǶãֱӵʮǰǳȷǷһ¡ʱ˺뿪˳³һ汻һ˴ɱˣ˵ǸΪ˾һŮӣŮ˭ҾͲ֪ˡ
ꡭ
䣬һɿµɱʱӳԵɢ
ɱң֪ľôˡ㻹֪ʲôҲܻشģҿȥҵĻǣǿ϶֪ز١
ųɢɱڵأġ
̳ʲô£಩һζԲ


101 

ûȥΪٶȣǵķжȥ
׺ǽСӥٻ˳Сӥǡ
СӥȻǾŽޣٶȣ֮½ϵٶȣ˶١
վСӥıϣɫ䡣
ˣҾþ಩ץסọ́Ҳɱ̣ǽ̸ѺʣԸ㡣Ӹղ˵ĻƺѾһʦָˡοŵ
΢΢ͷԸ˰ɣ಩ĵ˺˳̣಩ı˵Ƕ۷ʦǶ۷ʦҲΪĳ嶯ڡ
Ա뿪ǣҲʱ£ʱͲϳ̡Ϊ̴ԺӦҲǰȫ
ȴǲ볽Ȼǳˡ
ʵˣǽô죿ǲֱǰҪˣ
ҡͷǰԭƻаɣȽ˵˽ܴڵı಩취Ը
ڳԵĿУħĿԣ֮಩ĿҪö࣬ͷĻȴԶԸ
ǺãȽֻ֣Ҫǻƽ׶ƷħҾа취֣ص
ĬĬص˵ͷ
Сӥȫٸ·£ʮӺǵǳ˳ԵߵС

СӥϿգԽСӥϵϢס棬СӥջصӡС
ϤĽֵڳԵҰУΪҹҴ磬·ϿӰ
ֳ齣ǰȥ
ӹһĸۡǰͣ½Ų
šҡֵң޵ɱͬˮ㱬˳

ҽȻ̧𣬽һ˸ߵʯʨֱ߶ϣץԽǧʯʨȻǰĽҴš
¡
޴ʯʨͬһڵ㣬ҵسڴϣɵĴţͬ㱻÷顣
ţһΪŹɱĴȣ쳹ÿһ䡪
֣
֣
ף쳹
˭ĸ˾Ȼüȥ𣿡
ǼѾʦ֣Ȼ˸ǰǽңֱﲻˡҪɱ
ڱչȹ̾磬ˣһȥնɱǽϲơ
£һڸ߽߾ȻǷӵ߳
Ⱥ߽ߵУŽߣһǴﵽ˾Ž۷壬ƺܿͿͻƳΪһʦ
ЩʱŽֳɹͻƵһʦϢɢ߶ʱĽͶҡ
Щ߽ߣҲ߲ܣ̶̲ʮʱ䣬Žڣܹʮλ߽Ͷ˽ҡ
ŽŴڵϵʯʨԼмЩ߽ϵķŭ֮ɫŨ
˶ȻһҽҴţǾŽ۷߽Ҳ뿪ͷľŽ۷ɫ䣬Ǵȥ
ʮ߽һŭؽ
߳ţǿ齣ĳԡ
СӣҲǺˣһĽͣұҪ˴
Ž۷߲ǱˣҲϵóԣվſڵĳԾȻᣬ΢΢Щȣɭ˵
֮ڶ߽ߣֱǰ԰Χм䡣
ĮضŽ۷ߣҵĸ߽߲ѾôôͻȻЩˣ
˶Ǵ󹩷㻰Ͽشɣ࣬һɢžŽϢߵ

ϡ
һУһ̣齣ǻȻʣ磬ݶ̶ֱٶȿ쵽£գۼ䣬ŽǰӦ֮ʣضʺ
ûôʱ˷ѣǲĻȫҹҽֻҽ֡
һɱһŽߣԷ·ֻһ΢飬ֻǣȴǱ
ʲôӹȻһɱˣôܣ
ӹʵǾŽߣǾŽ۷߶һɱСӾʲôͷôô
ô죿
˿һɱŽߣһǱ𶯡ŽȻǵǿģû˿һɱŽߡ
վǰĴ󹩷޷
˸ɴһ󹩷Ҳʱ˾κˣгš
ղųԳ֣ѾǷ֣ҪںֹδڣһȻ̳ҺؽŽ߸նɱ
˵ֶΣӲǽǼҪѿڵĻش˶
λֵܣ֪Ǽк£ǼڱչҪĻھȥͨ㿴Σ
Ȼвǰһʦ֣Եʵȴٹͷŵ̬
ͨˣѾˡ
ԴʱѾܵڲһۻϢԼ߽ӽЦһԱǽϵѪӡϢͷų
ȻϢһͷţڲǵۻϢ΢΢ͣһ˲ǶȻ٣߱


һϮѪɫ۵ĽֺܿͳڽĴŴ˿֣ǹȻվһߡ
нֳ֣³ԿɱһŽߣǸһҲֻ·һ
ǳҲһʦǿߡ
ǣô
û˻ţȥʮ߰꣬һӵʦǿߡ
֪ʲôԭңʲô
ΧľηƺָûȥһۣĿʼ̹ȻվǰĳϣֻֻӥôҿԸ㣬ȥҽҶʮλ߽ˡ
ʲôѵǳԣǸ˵һ֮ɱ˽Ҷʮλ߽ߵĳԣ
žȻģǸԾȻôᣬʮ궼ûﵽ
ǲ߽ΪʵôôǿΪʲô±Ǽɱ𣿡
Χĸֵ߽ĻжʱǰδԣȻŲٹڳԵĴţȴǸš
һʮܹ꣬ɱŽڵĶʮ߽ߣһ˶޷ӳȥƺΨʦǿ߲ſõɡ
ȻģǸƾһ֮ɱҶʮ߽ߵˣȷһʮꡣ
ԣ
ңɱҶʮ߽ߣҽҼɹͻƵʦȻҶ̤뽭
ţ֣
ǰɫĮû˿η꣬жǺݺݵš


102 ɱ
ụ̂Ҹ㣬Ҫȥ㽭Ұǵģң㡣ĩˣԼһһ١
ϸǱϢȻִ̹ǵĺ⡣
СӣҳʵȷѾֱһʦͿԶԸôһ֪յǶô޴
£ǹǿϢͬˮųԺȥ
ǽһΪҳԿ³ȴһȻͻƵʦ磬ҲԲ⡣ңҳ˵ˡȻˣôҽͲٴڡ
ݡ
꣡
Իһ䣬ĿжȻһʵʰĽâϷңӦϣڵأһ죬ˮĽ

һʱȥ赲ԣֹڽҴϵҾȻ㱻٣һɿֲɱʱϱ

һ̣λһѪɫ⣬צһɼٵƷ죬Ϊץ򳽻Եʺ

ȻԽһצĹɫƽ糣ֻͬɱӿ˵ע֮£ȭ𣬾ֱӺ˽ֵצϡ
ǿԪʱɢ˵ν
ֻǵ˻عǵжʱӿֳһޱȾҵľͬʱ˷ҲǴ
ʦǿߣ
κ˶û뵽ԵΪȻǺͽִͬһ磬ﵽ˿ֲһʦ
ʮһʦдδֹ
𾪣ȻǴﵽһʦѹģǰȻͬȴǱһƽ
˵ʮ֮ǰӽʱнߣСӽʱнʦδﵽ
Źȥ̶̰£ԾȻֱӴ۷ߣһԾΪһΪͬһεһʦ

ɱ
֣֪ȲɱңƾϵʵɱңƺҲžŽʱ㶼ɱҰɣõϵʵɱô
һ󳰷ýɫ΢΢ãųԵ˫ĿҲƺҪԿ͸
ֻԲһתԼٶݶȥֻ֣ҪҸҸһȫֵĻᡣȻݣҹоԻ
ҵݣС飬
ɫ䣬ȷѾ֪ˡ
Ȼ֪ε֪ݣⲻҪ
ҪԲһй¶ȥǱ˵Ƿ񻹻֮أǵĳԼԺԺ᲻϶֣ȷ
ɱӿּûκԥǶųԱķ򣬿׷ȥ
ոճ˵ʲô˼ѵһɼ˵ݲɣ
ЩͱˣǼͳԵսˣͻƵʦȻֻв£ǽҹڶ࣬˵ѾһԪ³˵Ĺ˴ɾ磬һЩȽоһʦҲԶԸˡ
ԼֱŸոͻƵʦƼ
Ҳȥɣƺǳȥˡ
Щ߽߶ͨˣתúܿ죬ȻǽҵĹϾԽû̫ĸ飬Ծ֪һʦҲûȥｭ֡
ңһʦܿġ
С飬ô֪ҵʵݡ
ǰҹͬ鴩ӰĿⲻ̤ͣǺǸֳһĨЦȻѾ֪ҵݣҲͲٱˡھȥ졣
ͷ£󳽻Խ׵ӰȻ٣֮ľ룬ֻʣ˲һס
뻹ڿٵСš
ô̲סҪˣҲδ̫˰ɡ
ȻǸܵ˽ֵĿٽӽڽһЦʩչٶȶȻǱ׾룬Ȼ˲ٶȳ֮䡣
ôܣ
ɫޱ䣬ԼٶѾʩչ죬ѾǿѰһ۷ʦˣٶȣȻ׷ϳԣǳֶپͱֶپ롣
ܿ뵽óģٶȡڳΪžŽʱٶȾѾǿѰһʦ
ͻƣٶȶȻǸ졣
ΪҵٶȾôô١Ҿ㿴ı¡
Цǵİ׹⣬Ȼӿֳһ˿Ѫɫâȫס
Ѫɫâ֮УĳֹǰΣٶȶȻӿһ
ˣǸһѾѰħʩչˣھҲѾʮľ룬ҪҪͣʰһʱ͸ܵ˺ǵ±ɭ˵
ڰħǴĵ׵ĳӡ
ԵͷãȻǾ͵ǰɽ½ɡ
ţԽٶٶȼӿ죬ﵽ˼ޣ΢˲ٵľ룬˲ٶȳ֣һڿ
ڽִʧɫ֮ʱԵξֱͣ
ѵĳطʱ佫ٶ죿
˸ͷҲڳǰʮ״ͣ
ԣղٶȼӿ죬Ŀһط㽫طңҿһȫʬֳųԺȵ
ԵЦһ˵֣ԼʵҲ̫˰ɣ
㶼Ѿ֪ҵݣΪ컹ܻô
ǺǣҲ޷Ҹղʩչģʲôطһ׹һ³˵Ĺ
³˹ܣ㲻ܻ³˵Ĺд𣬡ҿԱ֤ȫʬҽó̵Ҳ԰㱣á
̧Ŀ⣬עŽ֣û˿飬һ⣬شˣҿԽ㡣ҵĸ׳ǲɱģ
١Ѿ֪ôȻѾ֪ˣҸҲ޷㸸ǰŽλŽ׳ϣ಩ĵչͻʱġ˿Ҳ˼ɣֱ˵˳
۾һУҸֻǸͨİ˽ߣһͨĳ٣ΪҪɱ
ΪΣΪ̫Ŀˣ̫ˣԼмֱ£Ͳ಩ķһһͻƵʦ磬ս಩ģȡ֮λ
ֵгŨŨĲмȻųΪʦǱʣʱʵ̫СˣŸոմﵽŽ۷ѡǻǳͻ֮ʱϮȻҲ˸˲СĴۣջǳɹɱˡ
಩ĵΪ˭֪ҸȡγΪǰԼչǰ;롣ЩԵļһȻΪԭȥɱֱǲˡԵɱ˸


103 ħ
ףû̫ĸдӼ䵱ȴ֪ΪֱǿȨУ֮ԽιְҲΪ롣
ֻó벻ǣΪֱɱ֮
ûǿ֮ʣ಩ľѾ㽫ֱɱ˿ɳᡣ
Ϊһλѣ˵һԶŮɥ
֪Ѿشˣ콫ɡٸ㣬óѾǿסˣ㲻ĻȰûǹԹԽҿԸһȫʬ
ó̱ǿˣô˵Ѿ˸أԵ
ߡ㲻̫Ц˭ܹʦǿϰѳ̾ߣ
㶼Ѿ˵ʦǿߣضҸɱ㣬ȻͿ֪һˡ
ݡ
䣬齣ǻһ磬գҹзһĽ֮󼸺գ֮䣬ʹʮ׾룬ɱǰ

һû뵽ԾȻֻĻûѹ±˲߶ڵԪצУݺݵɱ齣

ֵצͬĻ齣֮ʱһ졣
ħʹȻҵҪһ
Ȼצֵ齣ȴпһ˿

󳽻Ծֱ齣䵱һһ㣬׺ݵ֡

Խҹ߶ޣϷ·һͬʯĹâһֺʵУ
ϧҹվδ׵ĹȻڶ̶ʱ䣬óԵ˾Ž۷壬Ĺȴ൱֮
ˣǳԳȫδýֺ˰벽
Գ͵ĹƻӶ˿ҡ
ôͣûȥˡ
һ齣ϣһʹȫ齣Ϸһ죬£ԵҲ
һӦҲԪг˵ıɣҽǲ
ֶųϵ齣ɢһâ
ҲǽĿ齣ϣȴǳڽ飬˼ҿأ㲻úñһҪʧˡ
ݡ
ųԵĻ£һɰĽ̺ͬˮɢ齣棬ȻҲĽ⡣
齣
ݡ
ų£齣ʱǰ̶ֱĵĽ˺ҹ΢ƿ֮һ̣ǺȻ˽ǰ
ȻóĽƣ
һҲӿֳһŨѪɫʣĻɱĵʱ顣
ֻʱɫȴû֮ǰǰǶһĨء
ÿµĽ⽣ȻȽײߣʩչȻ˴϶Ǳԭ򡣡
ֵĿٶ齣֮ϣŨṴ֮̃ɫ
ӵȥսʦһİա
ǺǣûѰ
һɳ⽭֣ȻΪԵĹǿ鹦ı
ȻûѣǱѱǣȻ㻹֪쵽˭Ż˴
ݣ
һ̣Բ̤Ųһ̤αʧԭأ˽ֵ࣬齣һĽâֱնֵʺ
ط
ɫ΢䣬ûϵԾȻգۼͳǰһܶʩչ˿µĹ
ʵվǾһ˲ϱӿֳΪŨѪ⣬رĿУֱһѪ볽ԷĽײһ𣬷һ֮
ɱ
״һ齣ٶնɱ˽ֵࡣ
ߣ
һԣҲʵ̫ôˣצһǱ˸Ϊ貶ĿѪ⣬Ȼ̧𣬾ǽԴ齣ֱץס
͡
齣ڽֵצϣһ΢졣
С飬ҿô졣
ץס˳Ե齣Цһ
㲻ǿҵڼȻץסҲӦʶһ֮ˡ
ԵһЦĴֱ۴ֱӿ齣
齣֮ϣʱĿ⣬ϵѪ⣬һ̶ǱֱӸǡ
Ĵʹ֮Уʱӽֵƴ·ҪƸֱп
ˡ
ŭһæɿƣ⵱УܵһǿҵΣϢԼɿ֣˵ֱӱնˡ
õϣվǷӲ̫ЧáȻ㲻ԸұȽɱȡʱҾ򽣷ʬ
ֵѪ˸£Ѫⲻͣ˸ȫס
ڵҹУԵΪĿ
رһ˫۾еѪɫâѾ˰ɫ
ⰵɫȻ˿˿ĸоһ۾ܸܵеĹа
ԣȻѾ֪ҵݣʶһ°ħкηֿЦѪɫİ£Ȼò
Уһ˿ŨŨа֮ɢ
ħôҲҪʶһ
ԵЦŲ̤ͬգ֡
ߣװŪ
ڳֹΪɵǼǵ÷ǳոճԽ̤һֱǰЩֶΣһ֮£ԻԴ
¿ٶʩչһУһ
ŨѪ⽫ֱȫסơ
һצ磬ȴǴ͸˲ɱ˳ԡ
צ統УԾᵽһ˿ѪϢ
ħôħΣơ
齣ն£ͬһɽ͵ڽֵצ֮ϡ
ء
ʱһɢΧµˮǱһˮˣӿܣΪ׳ۡ
СôôڵսֱѰһ۷ʦУôȥˣһǵ˸ϵҵݣǾ鷳ˡ
ҲΪԵʵΪľüͷ΢΢š
ԣҳʵǿܹʮ֮ǰͻƳΪʦǿߣ¼ԻꡣҲýˡ
һϵѪɫâ䵭ϸһǱսȥ
͡
ѪɫâգԭԵЩǿ׳壬ͬһ㣬Ȼ䱩ǣǿ׳ļ⽫·˲ųƬҲͳһɶߡ
ϣһ˸źѪɫƬƤȫ£ת˲㱻ۼ׸ǣһӣҲǳۼףȥ־塣


104 
צѾȫצǱüϸ޳ȥΪ죬Ѫɫָһ߶೤͸űѪϢ
ħ壡
İħͬ׵У¾İħ
ȻֻһͷȽ͵ĻƽһƷħڸ˵ΣոУѾѰʦ֮¡ڵʵ˶۷ʦϵʵȻû˿ʰ
ҰħײѪһսķʽԻͷۡҪɱһֻƽһƷħΨʦ
ڽֻΪ£಩ģܹɽɱ
Ľ಩ˡ
ڻô
ϵһѾ׼ۿֵı壬ȻԵüΪ𾪡
ħʵ̫ǿˣΪŶԸֵĵƣʱǵһʱѡ롣

һ
ûκԥڽֳ֮󣬳Աǻһ⣬ֱȥµĽϱƮµˮ·𻯳ǧХ
һۿɼɫ˲˺ƿ齣̶ֱɱ˽֡
𡭡
ֵлȻһŭͬޣ޾ɱ¾Ϣ
̶˸źָҲǶȻնȥŨѪ׼ȷ˳ԼĽ֮ϡ
ˣ
һȴ쳣Ƶʱֲˮ𵴿ȥһƬش·γա
ŵš
ֵ󣬽ŲҲ̲ס
Ѫɫ۾Уʱ¶һĨ𾪡
СӣôʩչôǿĹ
е𾪲ԶΪѾ;ĩ·Լһ壬ԻڶʱɱԡԲһ֣Ľɱ壬һн֮£Իˣˡ
ɶЩȫңҿ϶Ի಩ģӶΪǳгߺޣųԵĿгɱ
ܳԵжôҪɱ
ûκתء
ħ
һѪɫâɢҫ۹⻪ӽֲֵϢʱͬΰ㣬һһظɢԲ״ûһˮ
ռ䵱еԪҲӲرŤɢ
գ
ƣγһƬյش
ֶΣνǿֲ
һĻ¶һĨɬȷܿİ
ڵĽ֣ҲֻʦɵؽնɱɡǶ۷ʦÿԶԸ
񣬸ˡ
ʱ򣬳Գ÷ѾǱ
ħǿ󣬼ǳϣΪͻƵһʦͿԿƽһƷİħڵĽ֣Ȼܿ⡣
ԣųΪʦǱΣܹڶ̶̰ʱ뵽һʦΣʵԶһʦΣΪƾЩɱôȻͼҵֱ֮ǽԼϾ·
һųȥÿ̤һն·һɢˮ׷׽
ڳԣҲűɱ֮ģԵĳɳٶʵֲ̫ˣΪһԳΪʦǱѾֲȴǲϳԾȻڶ̶̲¾ͻƵʦ
ٶȣδżδ֮ǰĵȳԳɳ˲֪ζԸû뵽ԲŸոͻƵһʦͽ
ңǹ⽫û˵ĵط
ֱѰ·
ԼϾ·֣Ϊҳһô޴ôҽ㿴ҵ̵ʲô
񣬳ɡ
ŽֵĿУһŨŨļдһ
ĺ£һ׹ʱĶͷз׹ڵأһӰꡣ
Ƿ
һССƽһƷħѣȻʴʣΪԼ˰ħ޵ôһС󣬳˰ħ˼ſ񡣡
һŵİ׹ţ˳
˶Ȼ˵ңʲôˣҲ
ǰ̤һֲƴŨŨѪֱ֮Ӻ򳽻Ժͷ
֮ǰΪܹɹ̤ʦ磬ϧΪħ˵мһ񣬶ڷȻ˵Ҫ

ֻǣΪƿԺ谭ѹԺͷʱֻȻһ֣һŰ׹ǷͳγһɫĻǴ޾ѪϢĿֲƣ̼߽⡣
ôܣ
жʱ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫһͷųѰĶʦܵӰ죬񣬾Ȼֻǵһ֣ͽƸֱӵ
ȫΥ
ܹܵõϵϢǿҲһ׶ѣ׶δﵽôô׾͵ֵסơ

ǵֵ
ǻּ
ûκ谭ǵ׹⣬ƺȫĿǡ
ڰ׹֮ǰû˿Ŀɱԡ
ǻƽ׶Ʒħҿ»ôӦһССƽһƷħ񱩵ûУƣǰû˿ãǽȫ¶óɣȻûˡĮ˵
ȻǰħĿǣ콭Ҫˡ
Ҳǳ𶯣û뵽ȥʦԸ˵Ľ֣ڷǰһ㶼ŲǿֲƸһöûС
Եлǲҷɣڽֵϣᵽһ൱ΣյϢһСģַҲ˵׼
ȻּʼССԳ˷֮⣬ɻСӥͰŭûء
ߡȻҾͳȫ㡣뿴ҵ汾£ҿˡ
һȣȫѪȻڿһѪɫͷϷȵϢɢҪһС
УǷµˮֱ
ÿֲԿͷһ
ˣǰҵ͹ˣֲǱڰʴǣԸħġѰĻƽһƷħҪ١ϾҪʩչУСĵ㡣
ǰĽ֣Ҳһ־֮ɫȻֵʵеϡ
üͷ΢΢𣬵ܲӦеĻСӥͰŭΧɱҲԡ
ҡͷֵȷɱǿܻܵЩҪ˺Ӱ쵽Ը಩ĵ顣ɣȻе⣬ֻҪûͻƵƽ׶ƷҾܰŪ
Сġ
ˡ
ֵͬһŷȥһɹۻƲɢ֮߸Ծ𣬶ͬڵ㣬


105 ѹ
˿̣ڳԺͷܣһƬѪȵɱ¾սܵĿҲǱѪϢȫȡԪֹͣ˲
Ļ£ǻѰһʦû˿ķ
еĽ֣һɽѸޱȵٶȣЯѪѹѹ¡
ݡ
£ҲǶӿһŰ׹⣬׹ྫû˿ʡ
Ƿ·Ѫɱ¾սҲɲ˿Ӱ졣
԰׹⵱ɢ
֮
⣡
Ŀƽ޲ͬˮֻǵ־ֻʣ֮ʱĿлȻһȡ
֨
ϵЩ׹⣬ʱӿͷһ֣ճȭԼ֮䣬Źǽ
ֻȭͷһָΪԵֱӵķʽݺݵϿµĽ֡

ȭཻѪɫâɫâʱһ顣
ֲͬĽ
ѪɫеҪǿڰ׹е
ֻǣһʱǰ׹з·һϢת˲Ѫɫ߽⡣
Ŀǡ
ǾԵĿǡ
п໥ƣȫƣ°ɫâҲһְԵ̬ȫסѪɫ
󣬿µʱɢҵҲͬһը졣

ֵ嵹ɶԭĵطĵһݡ
ڷ񣬳ϵİ׹΢Щɫû˿仯ֻµĵ棬ȴѿһ϶
ôܣһʦôôǿ𾪣˵֮䣬ϵϢѾЩҡ
ȻڸղŵĽ浱Уˡһʩչǿˡ
һмǿǱǿ㲻ҪΪԼ˻ƽһƷħһʦоû˿ʰ㡣ߡҪҵͻƵʦû೤ʱ䣬ƾ˵츳Щʱ䣬һʦҲͬնɱ㡣
˵Բһʦ϶ʵҲνˣȻ޷ɱ㣬Ҳɱҡ᲻ҵݸ಩ģҲں뿪Ǳǡ
ȻŷƾһʦʵԼʵǳ˵һʦǶʦܿ׵ػ
ڣҲܵصԷȻʵҪɱԲܡ
Ϊɱ㣿¶֮ɫ
ֿЦһЦƾҲɱңҲ̫Լˡͳ֣Ҳ߾ߣҺΣ
ֻǣȻ˵ţû뿪۽ڳƳһۡ
ڽɱԣ൱ʡ
ңóص꣬ԳΪиǳƺΪˣԼɱ˳ԣôͲٵصˡ
㻹Ҫȡٺ١ҽôʱ䣬֪ҵݣûиȤأ
Ȼǵһʱ˽ԳԳ֣Ҳģͷµʵ
һֱ˵ƣݣ㲻ǳԵһôߣֻҪҰѳɱˣҲܿͻᵽܵظȥ
ܵظ١һ꣬ûܵظʲôءٺһЦ̽ȥһԳԵĶͷһͬӡ£ǷӶˣˣͽʹ÷ӡҲԼԸħ
ֻ֣ǸѰʦҿԻ㣬㰵ħҲԲɱ㡣ڣ㻹л·ô
ӡӡѵǡ
ǰЩмɻֺĸ˵˵ϸһ룬ܿ뵽Ǵ˵еصһ
ؼΨһһױ
ؼΨһһֻʦƿعı
һ̣ԭеĲмͿȫʧ
һɻ֮ȥ־壬ð
ܡôܻӵзӡǴ˵еױ
г˿־壬ֻʣˡ
ױȻױ
ױ϶ƴȥᣬһӵױԻΪ½ΪĿ֮ˡ
ȴǷǳ½ֻһױ
ӡ
ڰħ˵ӡ
ǣġ
Ǵ˵еķӡȻѾ˷ӡôһоɡ
ЦһֻԼսȴЩ⣬û뵽ߵһҪӡ
ӡܹ֣ܽҲɱ
ӡ
ּûκԥֱתٷ롣
ǳԼڶԷǰѾȫΪϣǲߣȴģ
ǰ˵ܵظԼҲûˡ
ӣڷӡ֮£㻹ΪӵĻ𣿡
ЦһǱǣŵķӡ˲ͬһߴıɢ貰׹⣬ԲڣǱֱյͬ硣
׹⵱У֮ɢһȦȦۿɼزơ

һ̣ķӡ׺ݵ˽֡

ӡٶȼ죬ַӦĻᣬǽ˸ݺûǡ
ָоͺ콵׷ɱͽ
޵ֵ֮
Էӡеǹȫסָ޷ֵųѰʦʵڴ˿ȴɲó
ѹס˽ֺɢǿҰ׹⣬ת˲ʧӡһҲǱ仯ԭһߵӡ¡
ݡ
ӡֱӷ˳ԵԺ
ֵ壬Ҳʧ
ӡ
ŷŷһĻ۾žҵ𶯡
̫Եˡ
Ըħӡʵ̫ڰԵħ˿Ļᣬֱѹ
רոħ
Ǳħ֪˳ӵзӡôԾԻܿ챻ħš
۷εİħ
Ǹʱ򣬳ԾʮԷɱġ
˵ӡױԲκ֪
໹ǰħСһȥ˵֮֡
ˣѾѽָѹסΪ˵ӡҵ̫ˣұɣֵָǿеҵϡʱ䣬ҿ²ٸæˡҲǻһ׹⣬˳ԵԺȻЩε˵
˭Ҳû뵽ֲͨĻƽһƷħȻδﵽƽ׶ƷĲΣѰĻƽһƷħȷҪǿöࡣ
ҲֻʦɽĨɱ
רſưħֶΣ޷ʰ˽֡
ڣŷӡǰѽָʰˡ


106 
Ĵֹ£ҹɫʣǳǽ£ΪվĴ
ǳ⣬վһŵĳһȥٳˡ
ɢϢ֮Ѱǿ٣ﵽײΡվǰģŴԼʮ߽ߡ
ĿɭزtǰձУ˸׹⣬һٵ̬֮
رǰһгиǵı󲿷ֶǹԼɱ
ǰʦǿߣһСҲˡ
ʱĹȥֽŵղδִ磬ԽŨҡ
ˣ׼
һƳ֮ʱվǰһٶȻȡ
˵Ŀⶼۼǰ
ǰһӰ
಩ľЩϺзӭңЩŻãҾݺʹһѡ
ǧĿ⵭ĮѰһʦҪ֣ԴԸδϡ
ż
ǰнʱڴ
ݡ
ʱһ֧֧˸źļʸĺХ죬ųԱȥ

ԲмһЦԭеΣȻӿٶȣͬӰһ˲ʮ׿⣬ԼΪֲٶȣǰȥ
żż
ۼԿٳɫʱ䣬æء
ݡ
ڶʸٶȷ
ʸٶȼ죬ǾŽ߶ÿԿٶ㿪ɱҲ˺Ѱ߽ߵķϰֻļʸȴûһ֧ܹųԵ½ǡ
ݣ
ʩչݺЩļʸסԡ
գۼ䣬Ծֻʣ²һס
żɱ
ʶ˳ԵĿֲٶȣеҲ𽥱Ϊ˾壬ǴΪŽ۷ߵֱתԪضųԡ
֪ʦǿߣûкˡ
һ¸ҵľ٣
ǰĳԣٶȻȻӿ죬Ҳڳδ֮ʣαǳǰ齣Ȼʡ
䣬齣Ľֱӵ˾ټϡ
Ҵ˴ǰǽҺ಩֮飬޹ءҲΪǣҵҲеߵġ
˵꣬ԱھԼע֮£˫͵ɵ棬һԾǳǽ֮ϡ
ԡ쿴ȻǳԳˣǽأôû֣
ڵ״̬ƺû˰ѵɵؾɱ˽֣
ôܣǿҲһʦԾܹɱԼ϶Ҳ˰ʵԶ֡
Զ֣ÿڲʮѾһʦˣѵΪڲһʦһ۷ʦǶʦ
Ըһ֣·Ⱥ˷ܵشС
֮Ըȷһ£ǱǳԵΪ˿̴ӳɢϢһʦ
ǸеɵȴǣԵûնɱ֣ûնɱΪû֣նɱˣǳΪûгƣ
ƺѾķˡ
˭˵ǳʦܾһһʦˣǳʦܿǴת˵ѾǶʦأ
ʦܲΪʱ򣬾ͿԻܰ˽ߣԱʦܵĲͬѰˡ
ܳʦΪһʦǶʦսԿɱͬеĽ֣ھǳˣڶǳʦôˡ
ȻǶʦʦӵĻҲκβ˳ʦܡ
ǽһ۵ĵطһԺĵ̧ͷĳԴָ㣬ڳѾŨҵĳ֮⡣
ǳǰµУһٻˣ¹ھǴ˴ͻƵһʦǿƻعǣЩԺӡ
ǰԵǸ֮ڸû˻Ȼѡȴ
ЩԺĵǣųԵĿǳ˻ȡ
رһЩϵĵʦиǼʮ겻һʦԺ˵һ
Ǻǣû뵽ôۿе⣬ν
Ŀ·ɨһۣŲĿ⣬Ͷ䵽ǰķ򣬾أһ쳣ۻȻб಩ģ
ףը쿪һ֮ʹǡ
£·Ⱥ˶̶̵һӺбǻȻһŨҵĲš
ԡƳˣ⡭ѵǷ𣿡
ȻѾͻƵһʦ˿Ƕ۷ʦ𣿡
˷ˣԿ϶ǷˣѵʮΪʹﵽһʦû뵽Ȼſ˶ƣһоͿԴ
ҿΪԼе㱾£Ͳκ˷ˣΪԼΪһʦ޵ôҲ֪ǿʲôֶΣѽָܵġ
ۿһӾͷһЩԳʮͻƵһʦĻʵˣǶԴָΪĿˣſ
ԺĵԼʦĴ㵣һЩ쳣˷ʦܣʵ̫ţˣȻ˶ս
һս³ˣ϶ڶһʦ֮ϡ
䣡
಩ģҹ
ǰһ£಩Ӱδ֣ɫɭ䣬̧ȺݺݵڳǽϣһҵʱӸߴ̵ĳǽϴס
һĻֱ·ľ
˶Ҳսңһ˿ҿ
ʱһӰԶɱٶ磬գۼƮֳִ󵶵಩ġ
˸յһǿƱɢͬޣʱѰһʦսʵȻֱӱɡ
վڳǽϵĳԣ಩вŭɱ
಩ĵǿ٣Χۿɫ΢䣬ܿ죬򳽻ԵĿбӿֳ֮ɫ
಩ĵǿ󣬸ǳܶԸ
ս㣿಩ģҸ㣬ҽղս㣬ȡΪҸױ𡣡
಩ڳ֣ԵĮעδΪϵƶ˿ӡ
һ仰£·Ⱥ֮ɫʢ
ѵ⳽Իܻ಩ĵĶô
еʵͲκ˶ˡ
ֻǣȻЩĿԿ˵ΪױѵԵĸ׳أǳ಩ɱģ
ЩĿ⣬಩ɫ䣬һЦȡǾͿûˡ

£಩һͬһƳգۼͷ򳽻ԡ
еĴ󵶣һ쳣͵̬ݺ¡
ɱڣ㻹ûʸ񡣡
һҲ಩ͻȻĳ֣齣һȻɱ

һʱиϢĳɢܣɻɵļ̳ǽʯ׷ɡ


107 ݣչ¶â
ȻһʦˣҲɡ
಩ԱߣһĨ𶯣ղһȻûгȫѰһʦҲԵȴû뵽ȻԾֵּ
ΪȻǴﵽһʦľ硣սҲȻѰһʦܱ⡣
Խ಩жԳԵɱ͸Ũҡ
뿪֮ʱΪ߽ߡ
ڶμʱҲż֮󣬳Եʵȴﵽ˾ŽߣսѾѰһʦ
˿̣ΪȻֱӴﵽһʦ
ֽٶȣƿֲ
ǵѹһ򽣣볽Ҳ㲻ʲô
ǰҲɱңȫʬ
ִɫĮȻ
಩Ƥ£Цֽ׵һʦʮ죬ɱΣһǰ㲻ô
ϻ˵֮䵽˭˱֪

಩۾һУҲ˵Ԫתİ׹鲼ȫڣϵƣҲһ̴ﵽ˶塣

һ̣಩ͬһ磬Яſֲƣֱӳ򳽻ԣ󵶿񿳶¡
ݵһʱչ಩ľ㵵Ŀ£ɶ㿪һȫ
ݣ
齣Ľ滮ƿâն಩ĵ塣
ߣ
Ȼ𾪳Եٶȣ಩Ȼһ󵶼ת׹һᵲڽ֮ϡ

һסԵĽ಩ĲԳ齣ˣ֮ȻһۻĳóԷ·гײһ㣬Ųŵźˡ
۷ߵʵ׶Ը

齣
ԱһԪԼͬһʱԪȻ뾶ֱĵ齣⵱ĸλõ಩ġ
ͻȻֵνʹҪʤ׷಩ɫ΢䣬ۻľҲǸܵǰһĹԼ
ȣ
ʱ಩ĸûйʱȥϸ룬һеԪȫڴ󵶵У󵶶ʱһƬ׹⸲ǣ͵նǰյС

ĵͬһʱ𣬶ܵһеɱ಩Ҳ΢΢ЩȻ㹻ʵ֧ţڳһ֮ҲԵС
ٶȲҲ٣쳣죬Ծôģʵôôǿ
಩ĿԸܵسԵʵȻȴ㹻ԸѰһ۷ʦˡ
ɱ˵
಩Ľǳһᣬбٶӿֳɱ⡣
಩ĳųʩչһй󣬱Ըٶȳ˳ԣȥк
಩ȺĹȴƾŲѷɫٶȣӲ֧
ϿȥȻЩ·磬ʱȴܡ
һĻֱ·𺳡
֮ǰǸûԾȻܹ಩Ĵ档
˵ԤϣΪԻѸܣ˿ֳ̳ʵǱѰһʦҪǿ˲١
رǣԵٶȾȻ಩ĶЩ޿κΡ
ѹֻֽزˣ
ֺͳȻͻƵһʦû೤ʱ䣬ԵʵǱȽǿ̫̫ࡣ
нţѹûֱΪħʵʵ֮಩ģѷɫ٣ĳЩ滹й֮
С飬ҵ͹ˣΪٶȿ죬ܹϻôɡ
಩Ѿȫʧȥԣû뵽ٶȫչȻȫѹסԣһֱȥɱ˳ԣǵҲ½١
ǣ಩ŭһϵƱǱǵ۷壬еĴҲǱĿ׹⡣
ն
ź£಩еĴ󵶷ƿ죬ЯĪܣն򳽻ԡ
һ֮£ΧĿռ·סǰĳҲƱ׸ϣһ޴Ӷ
ðԵĵ
һ̵ĳԸоԼһ㣬಩ĵĵУܵǿҵΣ֮С
Ԫг˹
಩ĵĳ
һɱң಩ģҿӻ˰ɣ
ΪΣú಩ս֮ʱԵٶȻȻǡ
Ǳ಩ĸס˵Σֱתһ̤ͥŲһ㣬ɳ˿
һ˲䣬ǲ˼˺ʮף಩νĳ
㡭ˣԾȻ˳гԪг˹
һǰһʦսˣǱһֱնɱİɣû뵽ԾȻܹڳһ֮£ɶҲ̫˼˰ɣ
̫ǿˣԵʵ̫ǿˣۺʵѾֱƶʦˣȻĹ޷ʦٶȣȴ˶κβãһ˸κβ
ⳡս˫˭Ҳκβ˭ˣκβ˳ԣҲ϶޷ܳˡ
һ֮ٶ쳹ԵٶȫǳϣһЩԳĻʵˣȻʡ
˶бͱ㣬㲻ȡôȡͱ㣬ս಩ķŭ˵
ö۷ʦʩչ˾е£ȻκβһոͻƵһʦǺεȶ֮£
ֻԸͲķŭǼڽұҾͱ㣿㻹Ӹ㿳׳ա
಩ĵʵȷ̫ǿҪɱ϶ǲܡ
Ҫģ಩Ľеĵȫʩչ
ڵȵľ಩ĽɲžȫͿա
Ȼ಩ĵȲ˶ˡ
㡭
಩ɫ˼㡣
ޱŵĳԣ۾ͷãҵģһǰնɱʦʱδʩչһУȻҾ㡣
£಩ͻȻһϵĴ󵶻һΪµĴ󵶣ܵԪһ̣ʱ񱩵˼㡣
Ǳ󵶣ȻܵĳٻԵù֮
һ˲䣬ԱǸоԼܣеԪҲǱÿ񱩣һһ˿š
ΣյϢʱݶ
һĻҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ԫϳ˱Ԫϳ˹ҵҪܷٶ
ת񵶣
಩ĴһڵԪȫ汬ޱȣϵĴ󵶸Ǳһޱޱȿ񱩵ĵĿ£Ȼɱ򳽻ԡ

еĴתͬ磬ɢڿУռƱ˺ѣ졣
ÿתһΣռе˺Ѹб
಩֮Ͻǲһۣ⵶ۻ𽥼
һ̣ڷԲʮڣеԪޱңʱʩչݣٶԴﵽ񷽲һ
޷
ĵôȻǹġŭܲܵһ
ʱ򣬳Ҳòðŭˡ
ԺУŭˣһ̫󣬾޶޷ֵҵĹ֮֮ǰǿ࣬һǿҲԵ


108 ŭķ
ãСġ
һϲһĶͷ׹һŭαǳǰ
ŭһ˫ʨĿǰ಩ģ׹˸
壬˸һĿââУƺĽУͭǽڡ
ʨߣһֻ벽޵ʨֵסҵĹֱǳ룬һҪȫʬ
಩һм벽޵ʨȻǿѰһʦԸˣѾǶ۷ʦȫնɱһֻ벽޵ʨ

һעʧ
ǰֻʨʨô򵥡

˾תȻʨ
𣡡
ʨŭһȻԼԴ˴󵶵ĵϡ

ײ𣬶һҵĳ·һ㣬ܴȥǼ̵ĳǽҲƶʯ
ųǽϷһĻ·˵ĺֹͣ͵ؿš
ǿͬСɽվΡȻʨѸӿֳһŨŨš
סˡֻʨȻס˳һ
һѵֻĹȻ޶ûʨɱûʨˣҲ̫˰ɣ
ܡһбǰԪг˹󣬶ϵĸԪϳ˱һȥѰĶ۷ʦ濹⡣
ޣֻʨǱޡû뵽ԾȻôһֻ޳䵱Լ飬ڳ˻κβ˳ˡ
־֪˭۹أֱӺŭΪޣȻĻЩȷ˼ҲǼΪӽ
ŭȻǱޣʱȷǿȱޣοѡĹǱѰ޻Ҫ١
ʦҰǶһˣСӡ˲š
ԶϵﲻõҡͷЦһԵ˵г𾪡
ԱߵߣԺԺɽ
򽣵ĻɽЦҡҡͷо㲻ҽйôۿĵһĻܹӵʵҲԷˡ
ʦھóԴԺľӢӣǰӿμӰٳѡ𣿡¶һĨϲ˵
ɽͷţһһºٿģڿʵҸͲõһºˡ಩ĵ֮Ҿͺٳѡ֮¡
üͷ΢壬ҡͷʦԺ಩ĵ飬ѽ಩ǳԵɱˣѵЩʵԿ϶ưոݵġọ́ȴֺ಩ĵϡ
ԣɽҲɫأȻ಩κβҪɱ಩ģǲܣϣʱƣʱˡ
⻰ȴǿЦҡͷȻͳһʱ䲻ȴǳ֪ԵӣǾԲһǰ
ʱ͸ڽҰλŽǰն½Ʊֱۡ
ǲ̣Դ˼Ϊĺݣ㲻ɱ㣬ҲҪôϺݺݳһ

Ȼסҵľת񵶣
಩ĿǰһĻ𾪣һǶ۷ʦɱֻ޼δʨȻԵֵһ
ʨĶͷȻ˿˿Ѫһ۾ͿóͲʲôơ
𡭡
ʨȻŭһ͵ŵ棬ͬڵ಩ײȥٶ졣
ˣ
״಩ŭһû뵽ʨȻҹԼ
ѸٵԪ֣ʨ

ȻƸոʨͷ֮ʱһ쳣͵Ϻˮһ㣬ֱ۴ȥζȻˣԵ쳣Ǳ
һֱۣȻ΢Щ顣
ˣʵ̫ǿˣɱСӥæԺ
ոճ಩⧲£ŭȻȫҲʹˣʹðŭ֪Լ޷Ը಩ġ
ȴãСӥ֣ԶԸ಩ġ
ְɣƽСӥٶȻңǾסȻСӥץסʱ͵Ϯ
΢΢òԣǺȵ֣ոʩչĹֶΣʱ򣬱Ļᡣ
£Աȳ಩ġ
齣бһ಩ȫǡ
СӣΪܶԸң
಩һ㨣ʩչĹڵԪѾ˴룬۷ʱĲʵ㡣
۷ʱɱԣʱɱԡ
ԳԼֱ룬ս뵽ԼһˣԼǾԻһǧɣҧ
лһ뷨Ǿǳ׼ʱٶԳʩչһ
ԵǱʵѾη壬ֻҪܹɱԣǸһЩҲϧ
͡
ۻİɫԪסĴ󵶣Ȼ򳽻ԣһƿ졣
һȻ˲٣ȻףѰĶʦҲҪȫֿ

ȻԸͲ潻֣಩һ֮ʱѾʩչݣδһߣɶһ
ݡ
һ֮󣬳ϵ齣쳣ش಩ĵؿڣиϢĽ಩ؿڴ·ס
ߣ
಩һֱ̽ӽ齣סԪɳָǯ齣μס
ΪôҲ̫߿Լ˰ɣ
׳գ
ţ
಩һ֮ʣȻһ쳣͵Ϣһ̩ɽѹ
ʲô
಩۽ȥǼŭ񱩳ۿžҪײϡ
ոѾ˰ŭ˴ðŭײһ£ԼӣҪϡ
ɫһ䣬಩æˣŭ
顭
ƾڰŭԴϣһ촫ŭȴûͣ£಩ıˣЩģΪǱ

಩ŭһȻŭ
ݡ
ȻʱĽȻֶࡣ

಩ĿХһгŨŨŭû뵽ԼȻƵȵزֱǶ
಩Ҳ֪ʱͲǷŭʱ


նĽƣֱ˰ŭͷϡ
ǳȫ
ȫпܻڳ밢ŭϡ
ڣȫǵֵס˳밢ŭֹסΡ
ʱȴоԼһ㡣
ŭԼö۷ʦǳȻǱ棬ֱܴ衣
Сӥ
ƳһۿȥϢЩҵͳ಩ģȻȡ
ݡ
ųһ£СӥδĶͷֶͬһһ㣬͵಩ġ


109 ಩ģ
ʲô
һûȫµ಩ģͻȻܵһǿҵΣϮɫʱ䣬ǳԼӥ룬æ߶ʣԪնɱ¡

ӥĵצһ𣬶ʱĽ

Ǻܿ죬ӥһſ಩ȥ
ˡ
಩󺧣ȥαˣյضӥһġ
Ȼ಩һˣ͸֧ΪڵգϢʱήȥ
ɱ
ʱԵҲǸԱӥҪϲٵٶȣȻɱ಩ģޱĽһ籩㣬ϯ಩ġ
ųҡ
֮ʣ಩ǲһеشһȡ
հûǧǣǵң
಩Ŀбɫ΢΢һ䣬ٶҲǼ١
ӻɽļ䵱УѾ֪հһʦʵĸ֣Լϣ൱Σա
֮ǰڷӡգȻΪԼʵҲӱܻհ뷨
հ̫ǿˣǿĵֿ
ֻҪ΢һԻᱻԷ֮ƣֱӺɱ
հΣˣʱҲȲ㡭
ǳһ˲бǱһ⣬ִ齣Ȼ಩ġ
Դ಩ģҲűɱ֮ġ
ˣɱҲ̫ЩɣѵúΪΪֹ
ȻʱԻȻоԼ·һε󱳴Ǵһɱ֮С
ʱͷֵ
ԸûϵհȻʱ֣һкֱӶԼ֡
ΧκԣԼԼҪͷֵĹһԼûɱ಩ˡ
һɱ಩ģ಩Ŀ϶ȡյĽѵԶǣʱɱѶȿνǼ
Сӥŭ
ͷҲأȻȳ
Ըٶȣɱ಩ġ
СӣȻ˿
Ⱥ󷽣һͬ㱼۶ǻհֲƴɢȫɫ䡣
ϡ
𡭡
հϳǽСӥͰŭ
ңվλ죬ƺĳֺϻơ

հɫ䣬ɫ䣬ֻЯŴĿ׹⣬ݺݵСӥͰŭ

ҵĺʱСӥͰŭζʱˣǺǱٶǰ壬ȵ˻հ
ԻհĹƣȻ޷ȡϷ磬ڹ֮䣬ȴϵ޷죬Ŷ꾭һ㡣
հʵǿһʱ֮䣬ǱСӥͰŭס
ʱĳԣҲɱ಩ǰ齣ֱ಩ʺȥ
ʱ಩ģѾ൱֮Ϊǿ֮ĩҲΪųⱥɱһĿ֣æȣס֣ϣ㲻ɱҡ
齣಩ĵǰһ״ȻֹסɫĮض಩ģ֪Ѿ˾ߣ㻹ƭң
ܣȫǼҵĳС㿴ﻹϵĶ಩ͬʱһһ֧µķϡ
ĿڷƳһۣе齣û˿и٣Ⲣ˵ھϣҪھͽý
ԣʵǿһʵ˶ٵĻ飬ˣ϶һʱ취߰ɣֶβôó̳֣಩Цš
ͬʱڰоָԼԪųԵ棬ҷµҩֻʱ䡣
⣬ʱҲΪûհӪԼ
Ȼ֪಩е㣬Դˣȴû˿취
̵ȷ䲻ӹɡ
ʦô죿಩ľȻһ֣һʦԿҪΣˡ·಩һԵĳɽ˵
ɽüͷţʱ򳽻ʱ㲻Σգֻ޻ʵ֮Ȼ޷죬ʦʱסԵóȴͻȻʧˣпܾ಩ϣӦòɱ
򽣵˫üҲǽšţԲɱ಩ģʦֻ޻أҪɱ಩ģɾûˡ
浽ǸʱֻˣΪԺҾҪɨЩϰ޺֮ǡɽ۾΢΢ƺĳ
ɽ⻰жʱ󾪣ʦ֣Ժġ
ܲôˣôҲΪΪԺ롣
ɽҡͷͻȻĿһһ򣬡סԵǸŮạ̇̄
硭⣬ɱ
һ֣ǳųǽϴһ
һ𣬶ʱ˵ע⡣
˵Ŀȫۼ˳ϣ಩ĺͳԶ˵Ŀ⣬Ҳ˳ϡ
ӣ
֣಩ɫ䣬ջָõԪʱѸٵ˿ȥͬʱϳһŰɫҩǰ𵤣һڱ̷ȥ
ӣ
һ
Եһʱ಩Ҫ룬û˿ԥֱʩչΪǿʽһ
һĽʱ齣Ľм˲仮ƿռ䣬ɱ಩ǰ
޾Ľ⣬ʱ಩ĸס
ĸо಩ӿֳŨŨ֡
ʲô
಩ĸûϵԾȻܹʩչ齣ӿֲĹĹ޷


£תеԪڴ֮ϣǰ񱩵ĽͬʱͼĴϡ
͡
಩ɫɲǼҰˣһȺѪп
ɱ
ʱ򣬳ȴ׷ɱ齣شؿڡ
ɱң͸һɡ
಩гĮɱĳԣشһһɰ纣ľ籩һ㣬ųԵԺбȥ
ͣ
ھ籩볽Ժеͬʱ齣Ľ⣬Ҳ˲˺಩ĵķࡣ
¡¡
齣ոմ಩ĵ࣬ԱǸоһɽײԼľУҵĺȻը죬ԴҪըɷ顣
ľʹʱ
񹥻
ʦ۷ʦˡ
ʱ򣬳оԼľȻһ˿˿ѷ죬ƼҪ顣
һ飬ôԱȻֱ
ͺ걻٣ûоεĿԡ
ȻʱӡȴͻȻһŰ׹⣬׹ɢ˲Ϣ㽫಩Ĺľɡ
գ
Щ£۷ʦ֮ûС
ŷӡڣԼҪˡ
۵ڵʵ಩ģޱ飬ǰϵĴԼռָȡ£ռָǼԪϳ˱˼Ƭֱ̺ӽ˷ӡС


110 ȥ
Щ಩ĵľӡǣ಩֮ЩӡȻʧҲ࣬׵ر㽫֮Ϊ
õ˳ͽԪϳ˱ӡɢŵ⣬ܿǿ˲١
ˣ㾹Ȼɱ಩ģҵϣΪɱֻ𣿡
ʱǲԶǴ˻հŭֻԼξסޣŭԪתƷ糵㷢졣

һӡֲʱƴ
УԵظܵһǿҵΣϢ಩ĵǿҪǿ౶
СӥͰŭķǿһУ
Сӥŭˡ
ʱ򣬳ֻСӥͰŭȴ
ˣûˡ
հŭһУ̲һŨŨ֮СӥͰŭδȴŻհȥ
ۿţհӡҪСӥͰŭϡ
Լȥٶ죬ʦȴǲ˲١
ҶСӥŭҳĻɱ㡣Էŭȡ
ҾͿûȱ£
հмһЦҲһۣгɱ⣬˫ֱӰСӥ밢ŭ
һһʵˣСӥ밢ŭпܻᵱС

Ȼʱһۻ뾢Ĺȴƾճ֣СӥͰŭ֮ǰհӡؽ
ֲʱɢһʯ飬ܷȥ
հ֮£ǵŵŵŵ¶ݡ
̧ͷվСӥͰŭǰĻߣ˭
ȻЩִ٣ԼűˣհȴòϣԷʵԲԼ
λѣѾ̧֣ʹ˰ȥΣ
ԺԺɽɽŻհɫĮֱ´
ʦû´ĻӦԺԺɽƥɣǺǣԺԺһֱǱûаҲͰˣѵڻҺͳ֮飿
հ˼Ƭ̺󣬱ǲ³˳ɽݣ±Ц
ɽЦһҽĽҸˣҲ˭£ӦûܲŰɣңԺԺӣҪɱҿԲ֣·֮ˣжֶԸԣΪһ᲻ô
հ𣬡ɽҲǴ˻ǴԺϷŪңһһӶΪУҽƱҪǧǡһҪǱһӶΪе׼
һӶţǻӶ޵ô
ʱǰСӥͰŭϢήң͸֧±ŻհհʵȷǿʦѾûɱҵʸɣ
սȻ򲻹հᱻȫѹƣֱɱӵĻֱӳСӥ߱ɡ
հҲǿ˳ԵСӥ˵бֻߣߡҾͲûһ˴ڣҵҪ˭ҡ
Ǻǣȷû˸㣬ŲţֻҪʱ䣬ҾͿǻӶżȮΪʦǿߣҲżһһʱ䣬ҿǻӶǧǳŲţ
Ųţ
һ䷴ʵʱûհ
Ȼȼŭɱڴ˿̣ȴǲòѹơ
ԵĿֲٶȣҲ˵̶̲ʱ䣬۷ߣһٳΪһʦ˵ǣǧǣӿû˵˭й˿ֲȡ
ĸ»һʱ䣬ӶŻĻἦȮ
۳ԵСӥͳɽհ͵ϮԵľٶ
հصãϷŪǵҲƽϡʩҹ飬ϣһ͡
죬ʲôý͵ģ׷ɱѣȻʩҹԾܾĺôҾͰһ¡
⻰ԵûѣʩҹĺôȻʵȴôóԾܾ
һѣõúݣϣ㲻ҪΪľڡ
հϵܣص˵ͷȻųǽһڻӶŵ˵ЩȥѰһɽһǧǡ
˵꣬հٶȶųһ³ǽŻӶŵһˣɳȥ
ŻհȥıӰҲ˿ȴӿֳһĨ֮ɫֶ֪ѾҸˣ֪᲻ô뿪
ԣû°ɣհȥɽüҲǸֳһĨЦ⣬ų˵
Цҡͷмû£նлԺˡ
ǺǣԺԺӣҵȻҪ֡ҿ״̬ҲǺܺãȻԺΣ
΢΢ͷСӥͰŭջطӡɽһԾ³ǽ
磬û°ɣ
һ̱æǰȥǵʵ
û£ôͻȻɻʵ
̵ұǱ಩˸ץ˰ȣΣ磬ԲǰҴˣԭһֱ̣Ϊ˱ôĿ֪࣬ȴһֱ㡣
ǰһΪֻ֪֣ͼףΪ̱𣬲ϧ˳Ц
԰˰֣ɲ֪ôͣһԵˣȭˣлõĳˡϴΣҲҲŵԴ
ˬһЦҺ㸸㸸׶ҵİҲǲ٣ֿͱ˵ˣҿĳɾͣҲΪĸ׸еԺ
һԵҲǹһЦʮ겻һʦԣǺݺݵĴһѰҵʮͻƵ߽߾ͱΪǵһţһȣʲôˡ
ЦҲˣ޴ڽ裬Ҳ൱塣
ˣǾͱˣԸովһսҪúõɽ˵
ԶԶԣԵҪԺеʱ䡣
߰ɣȻԺ
£һ˱ڻЦУԺнȥ
ųԵȥΧۿˣȴ
Խյĺ׳٣ʹǵлǼ𾪡
ոͻƵһʦս֣ĽԶְڳǽ֮ϣ۷ʦ಩Ĵսֻޱȵ޻飬ǿնɱ಩ģ⻹һʦ¡
ǿԣ˿ʦʦҳơ
ǡʵʵһǿҵľη֮⡣
շ飬ԼԵƱػһ̵ʱڣǵÿһ䣬ܱ߸ǳء

صԺ󣬳Բûȥ򽣵Ժ䣬ڳɽİ£һе塣
ҺܰǽǶŲҹʯԵýΪͨ


111 ջ
СӥͰŭ֣սôôǿ
սңԱֱӽ˷ӡһ㣬ղŶʱĵСӥͰŭɫ˲٣ȥԵýΪ
Сӥ磬ҺͰŭսһ۷ʦǿҲܹӦʦֵĻԸ۷ʦҲ
ǽ֣ǶԸ۷ʦסʦ
ٺ٣ǾҪлˣҺͰŭһ׺ϻ׺ϻʩչ֮ҺͰŭڶʱڣҪһʱָܻΪ̤ޣͲˣʱֿ϶ɶԸʦ
ԭ
Ե˵ͷһڲԶ׹ȫסķ񣬳ջĿ⣬СӥͰŭڶúõɣԺûͻƵ֮ǰòҪʩչֺϻ
˵꣬Աϥ£ʼԼ״̬
ǰһսУĲǺܴ಩ĵľ籩ҲǱӡס
ˣԽ˲һʱ״̬ǻָ۷塣

ʱϺȻһŵɫâֱû볽Ժ뵽ľ統С
ˣ಩Ĺľ籩ѾͳΪľ㽫պ㾫⣬һԪϳ˱󣬻ָʱҲǰٸʱƹض
ɫâ뵽ԾͬʱһϢҲǴ
ͷһϲæסɫâ뾫еľںϡ
ɫĹâȻһɾľֻоһ£ˬޱȡ
ľҲںϾĹУ׳
䡭
Ȼһǣһɴľѹɢʵʡ
һ۷壡Ȼô졣಩֪ʩչ籩չȴ˼£Ϊһ¥֪᲻թʬ
гϲģǾھȴٶһأ˵һ
ˣԪΪҲǿԿ
ÿջˡ
ϳһöɫĿռָһսָеĶǳ˳ԵУЩԽסǸԣҺһȣǸؤ
ռָУԪȻһСѣִһɨҲţڸΪصİ𵤣ǱһЩƿװţһƿװһŰ𵤣ܹʮƿǱʮŰ𵤡
˾ԪԼ𵤣ŲٵıԪ³˱Ԫг˱һԼһ˳ì
ЩԳò󣬳׼
ԪڵҲǲ
ڰ𵤣Կ϶ҪԼģʮŰ𵤣Ϊ۷ʦ
ʦھѾﵽһ۷壬һ֪ܷͻƣһٴﵽʦĲΣ
ͻȻðһͷͷϣǳһ
¾
¾ȻֻԪ۷εĹײΣȴԹ֮
ңΨоʦŻھ棬ûͻ츳Ҫôһ׹ѶȲνǲ
ʱҪԼʵֻǰ˼ھ档
ԿʼϸĶĿھ
˿ھ⣬
ּе˼⣬Ʒζ֮ʱüͷȴ
ԽԽ
ͺһεľѹٵͷϣִĸо
֪УԾȻǱ۾Ķͷ˿˿ˮ
ϣȻһɷ
ܣ·һƬսɷ
׹ÿ£ƽ͵̬ȴȡ˿Ч𺦵Լľ硣
֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䣬۾ʱ˫ͨ죬Ѫںܿɢȥָ
С׹ˣô׾ɹģر¾ܱͨ⡣
ҡͷЦвʧ˷ܣ¾ȻÿȥӴԵ¾֮
ʱգɹȻᷢӳ
ң˵¾׹һ׿Խ׵Ĺ
ҵ״̬Ѿָ۷壬óȥˡ
վ۲ԶķԼСӥŭ˳˷ӡռ䡣
߳ңԱǿغڲԶ򽣡
򽣿߳ңæЦӭȥԣָ˰ɣ
ţѾָ۷ˡԵͷЦŵ
ûʱ䣬ʦġ
Ȼʱ䡣
ԡ򽣳˻ᣬǿڵû˵ٳѡΣ
ҡҡͷ
ųһȵһ߽ܵٳѡÿʮٰһΣʱӿһٶʮǳضɳǿ߲μӣֻҪûгʮ꣬Ϊѡֲμӡÿǳأɳʮѡ֡
ܹѡεӱϣӿһſУӶΪӡѡʵ̫пˣڼ˸־ɱ¾ǣѾ춼ûһܹˡ
üͷ΢壬춼ûһ˽ţŵżô𣿡
ԳţյӵҪ֪ЩӿһɣҲõյӵҪﵽ̶ֳȣȴûϵǾȻ춼ûһܹš
⣬ƺЩ˰ɣ
򽣿ЦΪżߣΪѡεľʵ̫пˡΪһĳǳصĵӽţᱻʹʹԴЩԴһСǳڶʱչΪһͳǳءһĳǳص˼ҪﵽʱĵжԳǳأϲȡʩˡ
Ȼǹпġ
Ե˵ͷˡ
ȻпᣬȴҲǼʵ
û˭Ը⿴ԼĵжԳǳطչֻǲȡֶΡ
ԣҺ˵ЩΪٳѡεĲпԣǵʵܹɹŵģһСģܾͻ˶ɥʧ
޴磬˼Ե˵ͷûٶ˵
Ҳûټ˵ȥųԺܿ˳ɽҵС
ԣˡ
ɽ򽣺ͳԿæӭ˳Ŀ䵽ʱ۾ʱһȻţΪоϲ㡣
нˡ΢΢һЦ
롭
ɽԺҡ
ϥ¡
ԣһ飬ҲĨǣֱ˵˰ɡʵһæҪɵĻΣն൱ߣԿЩʱٸҴ𸴡
һ£ɽǿżɽ
΢΢һЦԺˣ޴ոѾˡ
ǡúÿЩʱɣһºٸҴҲ١
΢΢ҡͷ֪ٳѡΣʱʼصֶںδ


112 ٳѡ
ɽһٳѡǽտʼصӿ̳ǡ
ǾڻʮյʱˣԺ˷ģ죬ҶȻǰ̳ǡ
ˣҳɽлˡɽϲת˲ֵѡڼ䣬ҪԼİΣΪأܽã޷룬ҲҪǿǵһţڸǲʮ꣬ǽ޷ţ㻹λᡣ
ԵͷһЦԺ˷ģһỤסΣ
ɽŵͷˬޱȡ
ˣ˵㵽ʱǰ̳ǣѵ뿪ǣһԵͻȻʵ
ԵϾҪǰһǧǡ
ǧǣѵȥһӶŵ鷳
򽣺ͳɽǴʧɫ
ɽæԣʵǧҪȥһӶŵ鷳Ӷ̾ǧǶ꣬ڶ࣬˵ǵӶУǸųһЩ˵ΪһǴﵽʦǵǸųԼ󹩷˵ǶѾĽʦ
ڳɽȥһӶŵ鷳ݺ
΢΢һЦԺ뵣ģҴ˴ǰǧǣһӶŵ鷳ȥһ¡
ɽ˿һ£ѵǡǧ䣿
Ե˵ͷ
ԵͷɽüͷٶҲûٶ˵ʲô
ǳԵ˽£ò֡
пˣҳȥӭһ¡
ɽĿȻƳһ⣬Ȼվ˳ȥ
Ƭ̺󣬳ɽٶ˽һ߽ģһˣǰ볽йһ֮Ե
ˡ
Ժ򽣶վȭ
ڰֱ֣ųԵԣһ
л˵޷
ɱ಩ģǴûг״̬һ޾ȻҲһΪȻ㽫಩Ļɱˣôǵĳ֮λ㿴Σ
ˣ֮λǺҪҲһ򣬺εºܹλ
һ㶣ǰ˵
һЦԣ̫͹ǵˣڼǵˣءȻᣬʵǣȴˣͨˣัͳ죬㱧žη֮ġǰڳڸͳһǶ
ԲɿЦû뵽ȻôƳԼջҡҡͷҵĺˣ飬ҵǿԾô⡣һ䣬û̫ʱ˼ȥæ顣
ԣ֪˼ǣ㣬ûκ˿λáڼˣء
ΣһʱҲ֪ѡ
ʱһԵĳɽ˵ԣʵλãҸȥҲǲɣڳڵһЩ£ǽȥҲ֪δҸˡ
ҲУ
Ȼԡ
ͷУǾԺԣҹҸˣڸ͡ǵˣ㽻ˡ
ʱԣԣ⻹ûʽξֱ˦ƹˣ
ٺ٣ⲻǳ
ЦһԺˣˣ֪֪֪𣿡
𣿡
üͷһ壬¶ɻ֮ɫ֪Ϊ
ܿ죬ɽƺ뵽ʲô˵𣬿Ļͣ
ͷǣ
ѵ㻹幦ɽɫʱþ
ͷͻƵʦ幦ѾұҪһܼҪһԴ
˻ԣ֪ΪٶȻ֮ˣԭ㲻ھԶˣȻ幦ѹ֡ѹˡ
ɽо̾Ѱ֮ǻֹѾ𡣶ˣ㲻Ҫǰǧ𣬾֪ǧǲٵط㵽ǧǣȥҡ
ǧҾǰǧǰɡ
ԻʵЩٸǧǣû޷幦ͱ塷ǿԶʱȥôԪΪȻǼ
ˣǧŲ鷳ʵǰһþͻΣգǵþǰǧǡ
ǧ伴ĻʵȻۺԿȶʦҪڻлһϺõΣȴԵ൱ǿ
ԣǧǣҪСĻӶš֣ѵ
ģҳԲôϵġ΢΢һЦ
Ȼ㼱ŸǧǣǾ;촦λõĽ˰ɣҲ˵˵
ã
ļʱ䣬ԱһæųλõĽ飬Ͼʱ䣬Ǽ
ͷϵĸ飬æꡣ
峿ء
磬һҪչ˺ԼʲôΣգҪԼİΣΪ
⣬һȺǰΪУ̵ǳ˲ᡣ
Цĳ̵ԴİɣһᱣԼġ㣬ǵҪúҽĹЩҩŬһЩʦҲ¡
һŬġ
ЦŵͷɽԺˣ´ΣǾ̳Ǽˡ
ҵڴһĵأ֪ʱʵֻﵽʲôΡ
ɽشЦţмųԣЩлˡ
ԣԣ⼸׹ǵİʵ̫ˣò˶ãǵʵ϶õһԾԵ
һԵҲǸмص
ϣǴѹǳԱ÷Ԫ۷Լ³˹Щ˳ɽˡ
ǺǣΪԺĵӣǳЩģȻǾá
ҡҡͷŵҸˣλˡ
ԣһ·ء
ʦܣһ·ء
ˣһ·ء
Цŵͷתǧǵķȥ
գҺڴһĵ
ųԽԶıӰĿгڴ֮ɫ
ɽҲǵͷʮ겻һʦӿҲ൱ˡԴ۷߽׵һʦȴֻ˰ʱ䣬һ㣬ƺӿʷϣδֹɣ
Ȼһʦͬ׵УӦûĶˣ
ߣֿԶԸʦǿ޻顣ٺ١ǧǣҪඡ
ǵĴ棬룬ֱ½
ǧۺʵȻҪǿϲֹһΣӿһٶʮǳУҲֻԭΪǧУͬûдʦǿ
ǧǵĵһǿϹٽ˵߽ʦ


113 ɢ
ô˵ǧǵԲܱ⣬ܱʩ뽨գ֮ͺũС
ĸֵǲٰ
һͷ϶ŶҵӰ߽ǧǣĿܱߴţ̲ס̾
Ǹ˴·ǧǵĳԡ
Цһˣֲǲ֪ⶫ½˵֮ء
΢΢һЦȻܺȣǺȽһ£ξȫͬ˰
ϣȻͨˣһЩͽнǸ߽ߣҲʱ
У߽ǿ𾴵ǿߣǧǣ߽ȴ㲻ʲô
ˣܶ˶̸ۼʼǧءٶ
ҲǷ㣬ѽֵϵȴӴл糾֮ˡ
ȻЩ˿϶Ǵǰۿʼǧ䡣
ǧ仹ʮʱ䣬취ɡ
ûȥ£ǰЩʱĿһջ
һ˽ȥ
͹٣룬֪Ҫʲô
߽ջһСæӭ
ǰʱ֣ջ˲ˡ
ϼС˰ɡ˶٣أ˵ټһþơ
˵꣬Աѡһİ¡
ϡ
СˬشӦȻԵһˮ
ˣڴôѰ𡣡ʵ
ֶʵ׾ͿҵõȻ˺٣ٻһЩԸյǧǣ൱죬Ҫҵ𲢲ôס
ңǧǵУԻŲٵĵˣҪʱ̷Լݱ¶
ȻʱǧУǺٴȥˡ
˵˽һ̽ɣʵڲеĻʩҹæҲУܹ̻ĹҲ򵥡
˵Ӷź̻Ҫƺû˸뻢Ӷźˣ»Ӷǧǿɴ˶೤ʱˡ
Ӷŵ˿ޱߣκ˷͸³̻ἸǴǣǧǣĻǵ֮ءҳ̻ᣬӶҲڴѹǡ
˵̻һҩɽ֥ҩԻӶų棬֪ҪѶĴۣܽ
˼̻ϲ˵׼̻óⶫǹ̼Ӷŵġ

ʱڳԱߵһӣ˺Ȼ̸
ɽ֥
Ŀ΢΢ڻӶź̻ľȤǲ󣬵ɽ֥ھȴһִҩܹʳþһͻƵʦ¡
ˣɽ֥Ǹö㾫ͻƵʦˡҲ˷ܵ˵
ԵͷǾȥῴɡ
͹٣ĲԼþƣá
û೤ʱ䣬СĸСԼһ˹
ԵͷС߿󣬱ƺ׼ƿԡ
ֵܣûλˣ֪ɷ񹲲һ٣
ȻʱһЩɢĺٺЦͻȻԱһͺͳ꣬Ҳȳͬ⣬ֱԱ¡
ϣһµľƺջûʲôþƣưɣ͵ҳԷķǮ
˵䣬žƺڳǰľƱصһָԼϣһ㡣
ƣŲԶСһСһ
ԲδΪԷľٶЩ࣬Ҳ΢΢һЦ󣬱Ʊߣһ
ǡ
ڳԸոսƱڴߣȴͣһĨ𶯣Ǳ֭
ףֵȻϵƣ
ҲЩ죬ܿɢذЦ֭ͱ֭Сֵģɱ
˵ţԼǰľƱųԵ˵ݣһ
á
һ֭꣬·һˮһ㣬˸ãȻٺһЦСո꣬˴ҧòա
֭һֵּǧļ
˵Ǽ𣬲˵һϵҩ
һʳ츳ߣѪǽõϴӣɴ
һСֵ֭һŰ𵤣Ա⡣
ʱϣȴһ
ʮɣ
꣬ȴֱӰѱ֭ˮˡ
óԸеɻȴ֭Ϊλǧǣȼ𣬾УΪİɡ
źúõشһִۣһװ򵥣ϢҲĸ׺ڼк
üĿ֮䣬ȴһɻ֮ȥɢԼ񡢿
񣬹֮䣬⣬ȴǸһµĸо
ֵܣҽ£ϣɢһöɣ˼£һֻΪ׷ңڡ
ڳԴ֮ʱͻȻ̧Ŀ⣬ųһЦ
³ԡԶҽҲ΢΢һЦ
ٶȸԼһٶЦǳֱһɣ֭Ȼ󣬲˵ȴ㲻ʲô
ԾƱɣ
ɡ
£Ҳٶ˵ʲôֱȾƳԲˡ
֣ǵǧΪ˹ۿʮǧ䣿Ƭ̺󣬿ͻȻʵ
Եͷǧһ죬ҲĸȤʱ䣬úǧŵķɡ
ǧǵôǸҵĻƵһġţ塷Ѿ˴ɾ磬ΪҲﵽ˶۷ʦֻҪһֱӳʦʱǧǣû˻Ķ֡
Ŀһһ䡣
ȻУȴǿ޵ζ
ֲ˵ζ
ҲÿĿһУΪ⿵ϵϣҲᵽһΣյϢ
ȻϾԲ򵥡
֣ǧ仹ʮžأȴһֵͦᣬ֪ûȤȥ棿
Ǻǣ£ȷǴ㷹ȥ˳ǧǡ
ҵõϢвٺöأʲôɽ֥ꡢݡ顢ǽȵȵȵȣӦоСֻҪǮ˵ʲôʲô
ʱˣЩöܴ󰡣а;飬ƻıҩ
Ŀһô˵ҵǷȥˡ
ڻҲڴѾãκҪƻҪҩʵѰҲûʱȥѰңһֱš
˰Լ飬ҪŪֵġ
ҳζҩҲһζɽ֥ҩͬʱʳЧ
ǽҲһּĽױУһЩ
ٺһЦˣЩֵɲưȫŪ֣ҲҪʮϰٿŵİ𵤡
ô죿
üͷ΢΢Ҳ뵽һ⣬ϲʮö𵤣ȻǾ޴ĲƸǧǣȴһӲʲôˡ


114 Ѱ
ǧǣԺȻһ
ܿ죬ҷ൱֮󣬡᲻ǻûʼôҪӦÿȥǵĸԱɣ
ȷʲô
ﲻĹǿĲƸҸոջΪԼû뵽ҾȻôУǰЩνǮˣÿվ
ʱ󷭰ۣˡǰҵҡǮˡ
ٺ٣ⲻм𣿲Ҳģóһ׹ҵһʱͻᱻץȥԾҪҲֻ³˹֣ص˵
Ʋ¶ԻǷǳģ˵ǧǣޣ׹һ֣Իһ޴ĺ䶯
³˹ǧȻ࣬Ų٣Ȼ˻۲ҲڻᵱᡣˣֻҪСһЩΣյǺܴ
ðɣһ³˵Ĺɣһ³˵ĹҲֵϰٿŰˡ
˵䣬Ҳͳһ³˹
֣ҿ֭ƺû̫ĸдû´ĻӦһ߰ɣ
Ĭһ֭Ц˵
Ѱں˱֭㲻Ϸ̫ı䶯ҲҪԪת֭еӶ뵽ѪǵС
¼֭ȴһ㷴ӦûС
ͷ·һ֭˰׿ˮȡ
㣬ǲ²⳽Լпܾһߡ
ЦŵͷҶ巽浹ЩԣͻƵʦ֮ұû幦˴ǰǧǣ˹ۿǧ䣬һĿҲΪѰ𣬺ü幦
Ŷ־Ȼ壬дǧǣҲѰ˰˵ǰЩӣǧǵѾչһˣĸչˣҲûȥ̽ҡͷ˵
˫üһ壬Ȼչˣô˵Ѱ𣬻ûϣˡ
Цֲػģ漱𣬵ʱѰŪЩǣⶫҲ㲻ֻҪʱŪ
ԸмȻˣǱлˡ
û¡
ҲЦЦƺﳽѰ㲻ʲô¡
ϵЦܿ㽩ӲĿ˿ջ⣬⼸ֻ˵ĲӬûûˣ֮ǰǵĽѵ̡
ԣҲתͷջŴ
ʱڿջŴڵ߽ĿΣƺѰʲôˡ
Щ˵ķΣԵ۾ڵһʱȻԩ·խ
ЩϵķΣԵһʱжԷݣǻӶŵˡ
ҶΪ׵ˣ֮йһ֮Ե
ˣǲǰڲɭУһʦеһ
ˣĿѰƬ̺󣬱˳ߡ
û˿ͣͣڵֱ˹
Сӣο㻹ܣΪ׵ɫſϣԱߵҲͬһŭضſϡ
ɷŭУȴһ˿ϲĸо
ڿԱߵĳԣֱӱǸˡ
ϲûɢϢϻŶңȻױͨ˿
Щͷ̧ͷһ˵ˣֻ˵ĲӬǲײĲᣬѵҰȫˣ
Ȼƽƽ֮£ȴǴһŨҵɱ⡣
ǰӣΪ׵꣬һһ۷ʦǾŽ۷ߡݣǶʦˣݱܷâȻȴǸͲǿ
⵹óӺ
ˣɱĸֵܣ㽫еı֭ȫǿԿǸһȫʬȻĻǧǣһӶſɲô˵
ϵĻΪɫʱû뵽˴˿⿵ϾȻ˿
Сˣ֮󣬿ջе˽ͣԲߡ
ǼˣȻǻӶŵˣеĲʧ
ԼԵĿ⣬ǸֳһĨ
Χ˵Ŀ⣬޶ãͬӣЦһȻǻӶŵ·ҽؼʶһˡǺǣûǴӦǽɽ𣬻ӶһСӳɣĸƣǻӶŵĴӳԲԣ
Ȼ㶼֪ˣǻ콫֭ȫ
ʵֻ㣬ˣҲû취ҽ֭
ţ

һɿֲǿϢЯ޾ԵԿϵɢ
󣬼ͬһʱ䣬ɿֲƣͬһɽޱȵغɽ
¡¡
һʵʰ죬ըܣ˸о·ڶһű˲䱬ը
ɽƵĺ£ػ˵ɫʱòҰޱȣ̶ź󷽵ɳȥ
һˣ
ˣͬܵƵĲҲѪ磬Ϣ˲ήȥ
һĻΧ۾һӵɵֱˣе֮ɫʱɢתΪ𾪡
ɽǿ൱˽⣬ɽһʵһʦұѰһʦҪǿϲ١
һʦǧȻ㲻ǿߣҲѰ֮Ա⡣
Ȼʱϸûһֱ֣ӽرǣɽı󣬻һǿֳλֳڻӶŻһʵȨ
ȻôһλȴֱӱԷ̸֮ˡ
֮ǰϿ֪ɽ𱳺ư
һƺӶŶӶҲߵˡ
ΧϵĿ⣬Ѿû˿֮ɫǱתɽϡ
ϸҲɽУԱһٲڻӶŵ
ôܣôôǿ
ɽѵشӵվϳ˲ţû뵽һʦԷɢܽ׻ɡ
ȻЩ㲻ϵǿ𾪡
˵ֶΣѰĶʦ۷ʦ԰쵽
˵ˣû취ҽ֭㻹ҽ֭Ҳ⽫СȫĨɱ
˵ϵѾױڳʱɱĸҿɲɱ
˻һΧ޲Ǿڿٶȸ߿һ֡
СȫĨɱãݣҶ㣬ߣ
ɽɫѿһʦӶŵĶӳȻﵱڶ˵涪˴ֱǳ衣ڿϣȴǲٳ֡ˣֻ룬ȥҰ֡
ǧǣû˸˶ԴǻӶš
»ӶѾǴڷ˼⣬ܴѹҲԲκ˿ġ
ɽĻƲͷԼﵹϱ֭ΧĿֱӡ
Լȫӣɽֻ޾ӿͷһŨĳԹʱУȴѹƵúܺá


115 Ȼնɱ
ƳһۿϣһԵĳҲС
ĿУŨŨɱ
ɽٶ˵һ仰Ҫתſջȥ
һģһȻҲˡ
۾΢΢Ȼ󻺻̧ͷӥĿֱɽ𣬡Ȼɱǣ컹Ǳ˰ɡ
ɽȻתֱԣӿֳŨŨŭɱң
ű裬Ｋȱû뵽˿̿Ա֮Լ
룬ȷǳȷ
ųԻ£˵ѾͬȰ㣬۽ɽƸֱӻһ׼˵ɽͷϡ
ꡭ
ȻǺܴȴջΪ֮һ
Ե̽ɽͷǹ֮ʱɽĿ⣬Ҳ˳Զµһӡ
㡭
ɱԼˣȻǰǻӶŷ˲СԹĳԣ϶ʱֳһĨԵĲš
һĸܽǧǣ
ͨ
ſջֹɽ嵹صͬף˵Ķը졣
һƬʱ
˵Ŀ⣬ǾޱȣųԵгš
ʱȴǲҿ˵Ϊ˿ǵУ˾Ͳ֮⣬һ˿ľ֡
һȻһ仰˵ֱӳֽɽնɱ
Ⱥɱϵķסˡ
㡭㾹ȻɱǻӶŵĶӳ㡭ˣ˭ҲȲ㣡
˵ӶųԱɽ𱻳һɱɫʱ󺧣ǵĻȻһ˿ǿӲȴǳ˾֣ӵˡ
һһԱĿתˡ
ˣȴö֡
֮ҪɽȫΪɽڻհĵ𣬶ɽ뿪ʱ򣬾ȻĪĽϡ
ȣȻǼ˳еɱ⡣
ˣԵö֣ڻӶ֮ˣȴûֵ뷨
˸ܵϵǹɱ⣬ϵľ֮ɫʱŨæ̧ɽʬ壬Ǳջ
֣㵹Ǳһɴ࣬һкֱӰ˸ɱˡ
뿪󣬿ϷҡͷЦ
ЦһҺͻӶŵ˱ŲСĶԹɽһ
ԭˣ
ϵͷ֣ǧɱ˻ӶŵĶӳò˶ãӶŵ˾ҪˣΪ˱һЩҪ鷳뿪Σ
Ҳã
ԷΧ˶ڹע±ǵͷ
ֱ˺߳ջ
뿪ջе˱ֱը˹
˵Ҳ̫ˣȻӶŵ˶ֱɱӶȻܵ˲СĴѹҲκ˿۸İ
˿ͷСرǺֵǸˣƺͻӶŲСĶԹҪϻ㱨߶ӳ˵ǺӶֿԽύһѡ
Ȼ̻ʵۺ񣬵ܹύѻǿԽύģոҲλ᳤ӦûܸȤ

ǰϵỹŲٵʱ䣬뿵϶߳ջ󣬱ǹǧǡ
ǧǷΧ󣬾ҹҲܹ꣬˶Ҳֻߣһֱ䵽ߵ룬̻ϯµȥ
ʱѾʼӿ߽
뿵϶ڽ˶ʮžԪ󣬱ֱӽ
ҪȻһҪʮžԪ볡ѣ̻ÿ궼žԪ롣߽󣬳ԱһĴŲλʱڴУ˲ٵˡ
˵֣ϾҪʼˣҸλ£
ĿΧɨһȦ֣Ҹλõһ¿ɺãȥ㶫
УҾλðɣֱҡϵͷûʲô
£Զһĺ̨ȥ
һ׼֮ʱžŽΪ£һ˵λѣĺ̨û뺯ǲܽġ
뺯ûУĹ£һЦ˵
ûΪɢʦϢ˿ǵ˵˼еѾ׵Ķ
ҪĶ൱Ȥġȥ㱨һ£˵һֵʮŰ𵤵Ĺ
˵䣬ѾǳŰ𵤣Ȼ΢Цŵݸ
ܹΪ̻ʿ϶ѰܱȡҪ˵ͨǣǲסҪͨ˿϶ҲǲС
ʮŰ𵤣
ǱԵĻòᣬһ־ֱӵݸһһŰ𵤣ɫǾޱ䡣
һŰ𵤣ͻƵʦΪļʣֱߡ
˵ԵĴ󷽳֣޷ܾ
Եȣȥͨ˸˼º󣬱Ǽؽӹ˳ϵİ𵤣һֱתȥ
Ҫͨһ£ҪŰ𵤣ûǮǲа
Ը̾ţվһԵȺ
û೤ʱ䣬Ǵһ˹
ĿڳԴһʵ
΢΢ͷ
Ӧ֪ĹأյƷѾȫ׼׵Ҵ඼ǼΪأĹֵǲ°ŵġ
ǺǣȻȿ׹ʸ°Űɡ
˵ţϳһ׹ӵӡ
ӿ˳һۣޱؽӹ
ݺϵĵĮܿ𽥱
ٶȸ죬ͬʱʱʱǰĳԣʱԴŶңԵݡ
λѣִ̻½ƣ׹û⣬룬һҪǵĳã֪Σ
ٶȿʱӵѾù
ֻҪܹڽϽû⡣
롭
£ڽƵ£ȥ
һĻɫҲǱû뵽óĹȻý˿ǲϧеĳϡ
Ҫ֪ܹϵֵǲһٿŰ𵤡
ԵƬ̣ڱ㽫ȥϡ
ųº󣬽ƱŹ뿪
ãһ⡣
ϣ쿪šһĹƷ쿪ϡ
ߵ⣬ƱǺôҴš
ÿңţΣȴǹ˲ôˣһαһôҴš
ûãһߴ򿪴ţ߳üͷ˵˽ɺͳСλ᳤ְˡ


116 
᳤˿ɲΪСң֪ǽӵʲô»άһƺȻһЦȻæϵݸߣϣ׹ɲˣҶƷʲôģΪḻӦÿƷ
Ŷʲô㶼Ʒ
ԣҲ¶һĨɣȻӹеĶ
ͬģĶȥϱ𽥸ֳ֮ɫ
ұ֮ƣϵ֮ɫŨ
ӹȥӿֳһţסһ׵ĹһѰ׹ѹᡭᣬ׹Ϊѹ֮
ϣ˵׹ϵĻжʱӿֳ֮ɫ
׹ǧǸУԲᳬʮֹ֮Ĵڡ
ϵͷ׹һһѰ³˹ǧǵĸ֪ˣּ
סȻ׹ƾ̾һ
ԭڷ׹֮ʱûһ׹ʱֻΪ⹦ԪϳˣԪ۷塣
ϾͲε³˹ǧǵУֵָٰ𵤣һĴƸˡ
ϣϾҪʼˣǽ⹦ѹٻỨһʱڱ㽫ϢųȥǰģΣ
΢һ󣬽Ʊæ˵
΢΢ףҡͷȥ죬ȥɡ
á
˵ţ߳ңųڵȥ
ãһԵĳԣǰȭЦ᳤̻֪λѹգ
³ԣվȭص
Сѣ׹ûκ⣬ԸĻ̻ԸٿŰ˽֪ΣȻԼ۸ǿֱ˵
ȻһЦҡͷ˼ף׹ֵ󣬵ǧǣ»вٵǰĳһʲôļ۸ȴۿ
ǺǣȻˣҲǿ׹ͬѰ³˹ҽ۶һٿŰ𵤣ҵѹ㿴Σ
ϵûΪԲӦ˽½׹ãǱЦ⡣
û
΢΢ҡͷ⹦鷳ˣһ棬ȥˡ
˵꣬ԱϹ˹ֱ֣߳
ų뿪üͷ壬ϣ⳽һ㶼Ӱ³˵Ĺٰ𵤣ȻĹ⣬һٰ𵤣Ҳȫ㹻˰ɡ
ʱɵӲŻӣ׹Ȼֵٰ𵤣ǧнܹһʲôļ۸˭ȷ
ЦҡͷǺǣ㻹ȥɣͨ³˹㹻סǧǾο׹Ѱ³˹Ҫ
ʵϺͽȴʧˣΪǴûǧֹ׹
һ׹ǧǼ壬
˵ٿŰ𵤣ٷһܹ֮ɹ¡
رǣǧǵļеҪʵ׹νǳֵǡô
ܹĳһļ۸񣬸ûܹ˵׼

֣ʲôöȥˣ
ߵ󣬳ԺܿҵѾµĿϣߵԱ£ϱǳЦ
ЦŵûʲôöǱȽȱǮһ׹
ȱǮǽᣬвҪĶɣȻһЦֵȱǮӦ˵Ųٲõİ𵤣㹻ٵĶˡ
ֿˣȥҲʲôö
ҲûǮܱ۱УҲ󡣡
ðɣεصͷϵıҲΪۺ񣬾Ȼ𵤶ôں
Ҫ֪н߽׵ʦǿߣð𵤽ԪΪ
ʱƣеԽԽࡣ
Աȥעеˣ͵Ὺʼֱӽ
ھῪʼʣ²֮ʱͻȻԺ𣬡ˣϵᣬ൱ˡ
Ӧкֳܶ˰ɣ
΢΢һЦ뵽³˵Ĺǧǣķ籩еƱؽ׹
³˹ǧǵ嵱УҲ֮
ٺЦȻк֣ܶڷֵģ߽ʦĽϵʦǿߣǳʮλ
ȻôˡĿһзһĨϲӦöŲٵİ𵤣³˹㹻ǺݺݵһѪˡ
ˣЩ֪˹óģԺ԰ˡ
ܹóһ³˹ģ˭Ὣ䵱ͨ˿˵оͻΪϲֹһ³˹ʱһʲôԴڳ˵һ鷳
㹻ʵ֪ΣҪϵ³˹ҲǲԣֻҪó㹻İ𵤾ˡЦֵʵȻǻڵʵȻ޷ԸнʦĽµʦӦÿ׵ضԸɣ
صһԪϳ˱ԼԪг˱ڵʵȷǴĽµʦ׾ͿԽΪǵĹҪԸĿн߽ʦ
û£ʱҶӡȥзӡڣԵҲһرֶΡ
ְ֣ǧеﶼˣöѰ۸ĲˣЩνۼڴˣʱɲֵֵܻǱ۾ͼӡ
һԵĿͻȻ˵
ǧǵĸ˴˼䶼ŲٵǾۼϣһ໥侺ĳֶ۸ɲﱾֵͼΨӣǮ˵㲻ʲô
ֵƺǷﰡ΢Цſ˵
ϹһЦҲǺ˵𣬰𵤶ҵøϵİ𵤷ҲǷţᱨʱȱ𵤣Ҹ㸶Ͼǡ
ҡ
˵£˱Ƚϸɴ࣬ҪԺҸȾƶûˡ
⻰Էҡͷ
˵Լȱ𵤣ĹǾ൱İ𵤰
𵤶ڿ˵֮׹ڳ˵Ҳ֮
Ȼ飬Եǲپܾˡ
ܿ죬ʱ䵽ϰ˵㡣
һǰ̨ǳǰϡ
ϳ֣ǴǶ¥İᣬǰ
λӭǹ̻Ὣ֣ϣܹ졣


117 
ǰ̨ЦҲˮֱӽ⣬һһųıаꡣ֪Եҩ֮ʱǷ˰꣬ҩЧǿɣԵҩǱð귽ƳɹڰҪԣ𱨼۶ʮŰ𵤡ڣҿԿʼۡ
ʮŰ𵤡
ʮŰ𵤡
ʮš
£౨۵ǽ
ȷҪһˡ
౨۵ҡͷһЦ
ҳʮŰ𵤡
ʮ˿š
ʮţ

ʱ󣬰ļ۸ȻǱʮŰ𵤡
ʮţ˵ı΢΢ͣһ¡
ȻϡأֵҲ൱ڶʮŵİ𵤣ڱ۵ʮţȻ䱾ֵ
Ȼв˶뽫˶İ𵤣ȴû˻Ը⡣
ˣ۴ﵽʮŰ𵤺˶൱Ĭͣ
ʮŰ𵤣
Ȼͣٲδ̫ʱ䣬һǴӶ¥д
ֱʮŰ𵤡
һʱ䣬Ŀⶼǳȥ
ΪǴӰдģ·˲֪˭ڱۡ
ȻǸһðһŻԵҩȻ塣
ԱߵĿͻȻ˵ƺΪϤ
ʶʵ
ϵǺǣʶʶҡûĻӦþǻҵǸ˻ƣʮһĶ۷ʦ
ƣ
üͷһ壬û뵽ȻᱻƸС
̫ģƱĻңȴóΪɵ
û£Ҫܱ꣬۱ǣȻУеǰ𵤡Ͽüƺ֪룬ֵڻƱĻң㵹ǲصģϣ໥һЩһͲìܣỹμȥ
Ǻǣұ㱨۰ɡ
ЦһʮŰ𵤣
Լϵİ𵤲ʣʮţȴͿһͲõȱ𵤡
㹻ĹûпһԣֻҪıҲӼۡ
״αۣԲûм̫𵤣ȻǼʮš
ʮţȻ˵Ŀ⡣
ڳͷϴŶңԲû˿ݡ
ļֵŶʮŰ𵤣ƽ۸ӵʮţȻ൱𾪣ȴǲϳԾȻٶȼӼ۵ʮŰ𵤡
ʮŰ𵤣
¥ᣬƵٶ
ʮŰ𵤡
ʮŰ𵤣
һٿŰ𵤣

߽Ӽۣ˵Ҳǲͣ
ǸʮŴŶҵ˭ȻһٿŰ꣬ѵǴӵܣ
ҿǴˣֺαҪŶңҲû
ǴˣǾӦǮˡܹóһٿŰ꣬ҲǷͬѰ
ųԵĿ⣬ǳ˾֮ɫ
һŲżֵʮŰ𵤵İ꣬ȻǱֱӾ۵һٿŰ𵤡
һԪ۷ıҲżֵһٿŰ𵤡

¥һУվˣͨǽڴã˿Կе龰
վǰһѮӣӸֶ͸һ˿ڵϡ
ԣһθߴǿ׳꣬а˳ߣᣬ·𣬿ȥгС
ǼһΪһ꣬Ȼǽ۸һٿŰ𵤣ѵֵֵ֪ʮŰ𣿡üͷ˵
ԱߵЦƣҿ˰ɣټӼۣǸһҲżӼۡһѣ壬ʱȥŪЩõ嵤ҩǡڰ𵤣ǻȥ׹ɡ
ǣף׼֣϶ǣ׹϶ǹǻС
һھѾ׹С
꣬ǻһһˣơվԱߵӣǻμӹ
ӹüͷǻǧȻеһ̱嶼Ҫۺ٣Ķ׹ܲܽ˵
Ҳ׹ǧǸҲǸŵͷ
ٶһ۴дŶҵĳԣղûٶȿڱۡ
һٿŰ𵤵һΡ
һٿŰ𵤵ڶΡ
һٿŰ𵤵ΡɽڹʮС
ǰ̨Ͽһ۴еĳԣһĨ֮⣬ûϵԾȻһٿŰꡣ
ԵװǼǵԵԿڱʱȷ˳Եݡ
ĵˡ
΢΢һЦδñ۶ˣһٿŰ꣬ڳ˵൱ֵõġ
ȻڵġǵڶˡڶǾ顣˵ţЧò࣬ƻԵҩҩˣʼҲʮŰ𵤣ڴҿԿʼۡ
ʮŰ𵤡
ʮŰ𵤡
ʮŰ𵤡

º󣬴бǷ׷˸ֱ
ĿɨһЦЩԼҪĶȻҪ£ֱӿڣʮŰ𵤣
ļֵ޼ǶʮŰ𵤣ֱӽ۸񱨵ʮǼΪҪˣȨһһ㶼ٶȼӼۡ
رǣʮŰ𵤣˸ղ
ڻƣȴǸûۡ
ˣڳԱʮŰ֮󣬾ûٽбۡ
Ժɵرǽĵ֡
ļֱɽ֥ݡǽȳԶҪĶ⼸˿ģμӼۺ󣬱Ǿ
ڳԵ³֣˿಻ѡ
ȻЩעųԵĿ⣬ҲŲٵļ䡣
ԴˣȻӣᡣ
ǰ̨Ͻ˵һ̣һԪ۷屦һԵıЧ˹켣ͬ׵У׼ȷʴﵽٷ֮ʮЧŲҹܣֵԶˣʼ۶ʮŰ𵤣ÿμӼ۲õŰ𵤡ڣҿʼۡ
ȻһԪ۷ıˣܹɣҵʵ˵һͻƵĽʦʱǶԸһнʦûκ⡣
ϵĻ£ҲڳԵ
⻰ԵĿ
ǿԶԸнʦǧǵУЩĵˣǲηκˡ
ʲôӶţҲ÷
ȻԪ۷屦ãҾͰˡ΢΢ͷֱӴӦ
⻰ó»ֱһԪ۷屦ǧǵĴ嵱УǼΪҪı˽ǵȻȴǸʳ


118 
֣˵ǻӶŷģ뽫
ӳԵı鵱УϿƺ⣬ͻȻЦ
ԵͷҪ̣Դ㽫ǲڻӶţν˾ҵˡ
һԪ۷ֵ̣Ҳһٰ𵤡
Ѱ˻һȾ޿ȴǲںһٿŰ𵤽ʵĽʦԿѰнʦڳ˵һʼΪ
ǺðɣǶ໨𵤡ı۰ɣ𵤻в٣
ϵı鵹ЩḻӳԻе˼ЩҪǮƵġ
Ȼƺ뵽ʲô֣ȻҪһԵıƺһԪ۷屦̸Ҳȱ𵤣ʱ㾡ܱ۽ǡ
һԪ۷屦¶һĨϲɫһȿܷɣ𵤲⣬
ҪɲԼãǸ÷ָʵԶ˵ӦҪ

⻰ϵ̲ס鴤һ¡
һһ㶼
˵ں
ʮŰ𵤣
ڰ˰κһ
ʮŰ𵤣
ʮŰ𵤣
ʮŰ𵤣

Ӽ۵˷һһû˽۸ӵ̫ÿμӼ۶Űһӡ
ųȥļ۸ӦҲһٰңԤڵļ۸ŲСĲడ
󷽣ͷҵĺˣһͻȻһ˵
˵𼱣ڲŸտʼۡҷĶɲֵô𵤡
ñˣ϶뵽һˣӶų
ϣӦþͻ˱߼ˡǻӶЩʱ䱸̻ӶŴѹʵõİ𵤣ÿԻǵȼü֮
ⶼµĴϴûɱʩҹǧǣǻӶŲŻܵѹԱߵĺ˵ڹϣҾȻǰֱ̫
ҲӶŸɵľУԵĴ۸㲻ʲôֻܴѹѣȹʮǧ䣬ǿ϶ɲ١ԵĺˣЦŵԻӶűѹ֮£Ͳϡ
ĻԱߵĺиԹޣ϶ǸԵСӾʩҹȻĻ£ô֪ʩҹңҵֶɽӦѾɱ
ˣǻɽ常ǰЩʱ볽йһνģʦհ
һۻհƺ֪룬ȻǸԵС㲻ٶˣǧһҾԴȥǣʱǸʲôԺֱӻˡڳԣһԶ֣׼ʱһٺɱ

һٿŰ𵤣
̵۸񣬺ܿһٰ𵤡
м£ҲǼžһ¡
ȻŲҪọ̃һٰ𵤣ȴǲжԸⱨߵļ۸
һһʮŰ𵤣
һһʮţ
һٶʮ
ּžδ̫ʱ䣬Ӽ۵ٶ
֣üӼˣؼȥ֪Ҫӵʲôʱ򡣡Щͷ˵
ҲãȷǸÿʼˣ
ԵͷһЦۣٿŰ𵤣

Եı󣬵һڣȴֱһƬ
ٿŰ𵤣Ǹʮűġ
һƺѾ˺üٿŰ𵤰ɣôܻ˶İ𵤣
ƺһ㶼ǧǸ˵컹һ׼ΪĹ嶼׼֪ʮ᲻ȥ׹
ٺ٣ǿ׹㹻İ𵤣˭ȥŰɣ϶һȺ۽𡣡

ǼһȻֱӱٿŰ𵤡ų̿Ԥڵļ۸ˡ
󷽣հһԵķЦ˵
ȻȴҡͷѰܻ̿ļ۸񣬵ȴͻȻðһ׹嶼ʽãóȻûǰƣƻԵҩҩ𣿡
Щˣ湻ġ
ܲôһ׹壬ʵ񵭵ԣ㹻𵤵ˣʱ֣Ҫȥ׹ЩҪõ̵ˣȴû㹻İ𵤡
ô죿
ǺǣҿǸʮƺȱ𵤣˺ۣҲһֱ۸ȥ
ٿŰ𵤵ļ۸񱨳֮󣬴жʱһԽϳİ
ȻһԪ۷屦ЧûΪ⣬۸Ҳһٵٰ𵤡
ٰ𵤣ϲ˽мӼۡ
һʮŰ𵤣
ķΧϰΣһҧ³
˲δ˿ҡͷ̾Ϣ
Уȫóļ۸ѾЩԳܡ
̶˵Ŀ⣬ųλû۶ȥ
ٶʮŰ𵤣
ȻĿո䵽ϣԵĿбٶȼӼۡ
һĻҡͷЦ
̣ǻ䵽ʮˡ
˶óʮţͲȱ𵤣񲻹ܱ˽۸ӵ٣һֱȥ
Ȱ𵤣Щǡ
ʱΨо̵̾չûȥɡ
Ϊû˻ʮűȰ𵤡
Ψǰ̨ϣһ˿죬ԣƺȱ𵤰ѹٿŰⲿֱӾܾǣȻȱ𵤣Ϊ׹ѵ֪һ׹ʱǰܺô
ѵϲֹһ׹ԺͷҲ̲סһת˲ҡͷôܣǧǵ׹ҲᳬʮףԲһͨһʦһ׹Ѿˡ
ȻţǸͷȴԺл֮ȥ
̿ûټӼˣұ˳ˮ飬ֱӽöԡ
һ˼Ҫʼ
ʮŰ𵤣
ȻʱһȻӴ󷽴
Ȼ˼Ӽۣ
һ£ϣˣĿŷȥ
ΪŶңԼղűʱֶθıԲû֪ݣҲǲ֪
Ǹһѵ֪ʮŸͲȱȻҼӼۣⲻù𣿡
ǲİϾҲһԪ۷ıܹõʦζսУԷӲСá


119 
Ч⣬㹻İ𵤣ȻҲżӼۣ
ٺ١սʮˣ֪Ϊ̣ļ۸ᱻεȸ߶ȡ
ĿԴɣ

ʮŰ𵤣
˼ӼۣҲû룬΢΢һüǸżӼۡ
ʮŰ𵤣
ԸһӼۣӼ۵ǽ
ţʱȻ˸Ҿۣüͷ
ʱˣΡ
ʲôΣ
Ǹ㾺۵ԣҿһˣ
˭
հЦһ˵Ϊ˶ңһ˾Ͳ֪˭ˡǰݣӲҵĸ֪û´ĻհǸ㾺۵ģǻӶų
ĿһӶų̲ó𣿡
˵⣬ȴƺ뵽ʲôǿһֱӼۣѰ𵤵£Ӷװû´ҽ۸ӵĳ̶ȣǱǻֱռˡ
ˣҪǲӼ˰ɣһԪ۷屦
ﲻӣû´ĻӦ뽫̣ĵٿŰ𵤣Ȼˣұǣ̵ļ۸񣬱ĵٰ𵤣
˵ţԱֱӿڣپʮŰ𵤣
һΣֻʮŰ𵤣мȻʮˬ
ٿŰ𵤣
ȻԼӼۣķ񼸺ûƬԥżӼۡ
ųڽ۸ӵٰˣҲǴﵽǵ۸ˡ
棬հ񺰳ٿŰ𵤣ҲЦ
Ҳ΢΢һЦһƿһеĸоȻǸʮΪе𵤾Ͳѱ˷ˣڻǱŪҾãǻԽŶ£϶Ὣ۸ٶʸߣʱ׬İ𵤣Ҳ൱ˡ
ǵȷǴ׬ˣٿŰ𵤣Ѿһ׹ˡʱǵȥٿŰ𵤣׹հ˷ܵ˵
ӶķӴ漫㣬ǧǵ׹ִָУ׹ȴǿԷ̨Ͻۡ
ȻҪһ׹ںеУѶҲ൱֮ߡ
ֻҪ㹻İ𵤣Ǳ㹻ʱ׹
ڱģԺȻԽ
뵽ֵİٿŰ𵤣г˷ܡʱҪȥ׹ļ壬ѾЩŪм
Ȼֵ⣬ŽӪİٿŰ֮ʱʮŵλãһݵӰվ𣬶תһ֡
ϲ㣬ˡ
ϲ㣬ˡ
ᵭһ仰ȴʹǰһ̻˷ܵķʱȻֹס˺Ʊ˺ݺһˮһʱԷӦ
ڸոգڻųԻ᲻ϵظӼۣٿŰ𵤺󣬳ԶȻὫ۸ӵİٿŰ𵤣Ӷ׬һʣ׬һʡ
ʱͻȻðôһ仰ȴ׻ϰת
񣬴еˣҲһƬɣû˻ϵһǲϼӼ۵ĳԣȻʱͻȻ䲻Ӽˣ쳣Ľ̹øľ۶֡
ƺΥɣ
жǳɻ󣬲ԡ
ǸʮҲǸ׳հȻһԪ۷屦ļֵҲһٰ𵤣ĵٰ𵤣ѾΥˣǻӼۣ˾Ͳ˵Ǯ˵ɵˡ
֪Ǹ˭ȻٿỤ̋Ǹ̵ˣҪ׬ˡ
ǰļֵҲʮһٰ𵤣ĵٰ𵤣׬ˡĽˡ

ƾĽʦľΧĸ˷ĶС
ۣ񼸺ǲһѪضЩ
ҾȻٿŰԼóĶ
뵽һɿֲԹԼɱ⣬ʱӷڶ𣬡üһҷһҪʬΣ
ųڡô죿հǵ˵
ɭóʮŰ̻ᣬȻھȥƱҪɱʮš
ãȥ졭հͷȻֱվȥ֮߳ǰͷһ۳λãôôϤ
ˣհȥˡ
հһ߳򳽻
ЦһǱȥ˰ɣзӡڣǧǵȫңҶ塣
ǵǣֻҪӡڲѰĴʦֲˡȻ˵ȴһԪ۷屦ҽɺҵʵ޷ָĽʦҪԸѰĽʦȴɵغݡ
ţһŪһԪ۷屦Զס
Ҳֻ취ʵҪʵΨøֱھ㲻һ³˹ȥȡһ³˵ıԻ
ͬȽ׵Уļֵһ㶼Ǹڱ
֣Ǹ㾺۵ļһƺԹ԰û´ĻǸ뿪ӦȥԸɡͻȻ˵
ԵͷһЦ֣֪˭
Ŷѵʶ
ҲʶǻӶŵķͻհ
Ȼ
¶֮ɫǻȻ򣬡ѹǻӼˣԭѼ۸񳴸ߵ㡣ȴû뵽͵ʴף۸ǳˣȴԼˡȤȤ
ǺǣǱȥһɡЦ˵
ȻԪ۷屦֮Ǽıȴǲһ
ҲǵͷЦֵǸ㵹õģʱҸǣһӶţһ

⻰Զʱҡͷ֪ϵǧǵȴû¶˵ϰߡ
ȻǱȽԶԸûнԱϾ·
Լͷ񣬾ѾԶԸ
Ȼ飬ҲֱӾܾ±ǵͷʱҪֳ棬Ҳġ
֪㲻Ͼǻˣ׼۰ɡ
һóǿĳֱӿھۣ˷ŵǰ֮ԭѼ۸񱨸ߣӳһѵˣҲ˼߼۵˶û
ˣļĵİ𵤣̫ࡣ
һֱڣ¥ĸᣬһƬûһ˱ۡ
Դˣжǳ¥еˣڵȴһĳ
һԻһȺ۽ʱ򣬲սȼգ̹
⻯ȻһʮŰ𵤾ӦѪɡ
ڸոգھĻʱŽ۸񱨵һʮŰ𵤣ǰûһٱۡ


120 ʼ
ˣǼ̸ֵߵĻֱӱһʮŰ𵤸
СӣҪ䵽ϣȻһá
ķԽһʮŰ𵤣㽫£ҧгݣɱڡ
Ϊ̻ĵ̣ѾֱӶԳԳ֡
ǰ̨Ц⣬ĿڴϻһȦ󷽲˵ǽһһŴжǳûһ³˹Чñ֮Ѱ³˹Ҫ٣ֽǰȭ
˵⣬΢ͣ˻ᣬ󷽲ż˵ǰȭһ׹׹ľͲҹˣһ׹֤ļֵҿԿ϶ǣԲѰ³˹Ա⡣׹ʼ۶һٿţÿμӼۣõʮŰ𵤡ڣҿԿʼۡ
ϵĻº󣬴Ȼǰţû˭һڱۡ
˶֪Ѱ³˹ֵٿŰ𵤣ǧ༱׹ĳǳأ๦ļֵߡرǴʱ³˹ͨ³˹
ˣ׹ıۣԻܿͳٿٿŰ𵤡
ᱻʲô۸񣬱㿴ĳˡ
ףҪҪֱӱһ߼ۣ
¥İУվǰĻӹ˵
ӹֱҡͷǻң༸壬϶Ҳۣǽ۸ӸˣֻҪûǵĳܷΧǾͿ϶ӼۡҪֱӳǵĳܷΧԼҲҪݺݵһѪˡ
ô죿Ǿ͵ȿڱ𣿡˵
ӹصƣӦ֪һ׹ȫӰ쵽ǧеĸ֣󹦷䵽ĸ壬϶ҪȾһۡûۣ϶һѪƴ˵ַʽ˭õ׹ȻݺݵһѪΪ׹Ĵۣɲֹ;ڰ𵤡
ܽˣ
ӹĻҲ˲١
ǧǵУ׹ȫӰľƣرһѰ³˻ҪĹ
ĳ׹пܻܵļѹȻõ׹ĴۣȻ˳ܲ
ӹ˵Ĵۣɲֹ;ڰ𵤡
常ҿһ۰ɣѾ˵ֻո֡
¥һᵱУվһԼһŮӡ
˲Ŷһ¥Ĵ
ҡͷͲˣȻ˵ǿԲýȫԽλᣬѹ塣Ǳ۸νۣ˵ͻøѹ󡣡
常˵Ǿ͵ȹؼʱټӼۡŮǳЦһһ˫ȴ˸ƣǧϾҪʼǳúôѹһ¸壬ǻΪǳǸռӡ
ΣǴҪˣŷײǹˣεǧ䣬ŷҪ״ǧǳˡһ˵ƺͲŷҵ¡
һԵŮӣǴҲǵżڽɭЦ⣬ϹٻȻǸô˵ҲϹټҵˣŷҾȻ˶ԸϹٻȫǲǳУǻǳĻɽ
һᵱС
ͬһԼһŮ
Ůģ˫ʮ껪ļ֮ϣȴһ˿⡣
Ůŷҵŷѩ
ŷѩŴ·üͷƣ׹пܻĳٰ𵤵ļ۸񡣡
վԵʮͬһ˿ݣرŷѩĻüͷøŷһ׹ʵԿһءϧŷҽ벻ʣİ𵤣ûж٣Ǹû̫ļʽ׹
ǳŷҼûһԵõ׹
ƾģȫ
ҵõϢǧڼ䣬ӦûŷҶ֣ʱô죿ŷѩüͷ˵
Ϊģŷμŷ塣
ŷЦһŷңϹٽûҸһ£ʱύֵܣЩֵܣ󲿷ʵﵽ˸߽ʦѷɫңв츳ˣﵽ˴ʦǧѾǰŷͣʱϹٽǶкãһǶ֣
Ȼŷѩ⻰üĳⲢδɢȥ١
Ϊ֪ŷԮ϶ҲŲԮ
ŷҪЩԮ֣ԻһġʱŷҾ㹶ʵҲһ͹ȡ
ǧ仹ʮ֮飬ڻ¶ۡŷѩ˵ҵΪȲʮ֮ǧ䣬ƣҶаսܡ
ѩΪҺǽŵɳ֮ŷҾԻ֮ʢ
ŷҲǵͷοԺ
һŬģ
ŷѩ֮Ѹ٣ƾģľ塣Ȼ͸׹ҲǷ˼á
ŷѩҲ׹׳壬֪ھԲܽ׹ó
ȣ˵׹һ׹ǧǸ񡣵ڶ׹ѰҲ޷һʱｫʵȥŷڲˣҲģ׹һ֣˵ŷڲһҡ
ȻλǫãұͷɡһٶʮŰ𵤣
ڰƬ̺һдЦֱӱۡ
֣㵹ǿż˶ʮŰ𵤣ԪҲӶ࣬һʮŰ𵤰ɡ
һ˱
ҾһٰʮŰ𵤰ɣ
ȻҶô£ҳҲմ֣ٿŰ𵤣
еŶ¥дĸֱֱ࣬۾̾Ľ
Ҳֻ⼸壬Ÿؽ۸񱨵֮߰ɣ
ˣ׹ļ۸϶ֹٰ𵤰Ц
Եͷ׹ݣȫײȴǳرٰ𵤣Ҳֻںевſһ׹Ҫһ׹İٰ𵤣ܹ¡
׹ļֵҲ൱֮ǰŸɴؾܾϵ顣
֣׹֪вȤȤĻǾͰɡһߵĿҲ˵Ȼ׹ȤͷҲкü׹ѡһ׺ʵģҲһȱ١
ֺˣѾʺԼĹԺҪҪɡҡͷһЦûٶ˵ʲô
һЦȻǾͿһϷɣ׹Ҳ֪˭óģǧǻ൱ˡ


121 ұ
ʮŰ𵤣
۸񱨵ٰ֮ûãӼӴһ
ʮŰ𵤡ûãһӼٶȴӰд
ٰʮŰ𵤣
ٿŰ𵤡
ʮŰ𵤣
İٿŰ𵤡
¥ļᵱУӼ۵
ʱҲֻаеļ壬Ÿ˼Ӽˡ
һӶӵһ׹ԻڶʱΪǧǵһ
ķŲļӼ˸ŨŨļʡͬʱҲһĨ׹ĳյĹߣȴѶʱ˵ҲԻˮ㡭
ŷܷõ׹Ҫˡ
ŷε̾Ϣһ׹տʼҲǱųԵ̬ǰģȴû뵽Źȥӣ۸Ȼͱĵİٰ𵤡
ɱ׼İ𵤣Ҫһٰ
׹ϣӦŲٰɡǸһʲôݣŷѩŷ̾ϢҲ˸һ˿֮ɫǧʣʮҪʼˣҲǧ˰ɣҿǺѾð
ŮУ
ʱҾȻųٿŰ𵤡һǵ͹׹ǧǵ
ǰ̨ҲһĨۣ̾Ȼ̻ĳϣҲһ׹
û뵽Сǳأ׹ļֵôߡԺȱˣü׹Ҳȫ㹻˰˵ı˵ڲŹӣ۸Ȼ;İٰ𵤡
аɣ
Զԡ
ҲΪ𾪣û뵽ѡ׹ǧǾȻֵ˶İ𵤡
ѡ׹ȻѰ³˹ҪǿЩֵҲٿŰ𵤡
İٶʮŰ𵤣
¥ٶ
İʮŰ𵤡
İʮŰ𵤡
ٿŰ𵤣

Ӽ۵ڼû̫ʱͣ٣е¥ļӼȫذŴ۾š
߰ٿŰ𵤡
۸񱨳֮󣬶¥ҲһʱİûټӼۡ
һ׼ֵٿŰ𵤵³˹Ȼĳ߰ٿŰ𵤵ĸ߼ۣ˷˼
۸ѾӽƷ߼ˡ
ȷ۸϶ܻռ۸񡣡
Ǹˣµ׬ˡ
Χ˵һĨЦ֮ɫ
߰ٿŰ𵤣Ѿ㹻֧ҽƷˡΪ⡣
˲ٵıĵİ𵤣Ҳһ
УԵĻӹ˵ҲÿʼӼ˰ɣ
ȷҲüӼˣȻӣ˵Ѽ۸񳴵ظߡӹͷۣ˰ٿŰ𵤣

ӹ£ǧ˱ǶȻɧۡ
û˻ϵô̵ʱ䣬׹Ȼĳ˰˰ٿŰ𵤣һӼۣҲֱӼһٿŰ𵤡
Ҫ֪һŰǾ൱ǰһʦ
Ȼڴ˿̣˰ٿŰȴĵ
£˰ٿŰǧΪǿļ塣
˼ҸͲϡ
һǹֱӵģȻֱӱ˰ٿŰ𵤡ȻҹΪ˵ļҲÿʼˣڶ¥һᵱ𱨼һǧŰ𵤣
ıʹɲǼ˼ž
ţ
һ𣬴˷Ҫһ㡣
һǧŰ𵤣˭ļۣȻһٿŰ𵤡
ֱʰǴֱʣҲͻҸұôߵļ۰ɣ
ⲻǻҼҲԪҡҡŷҡңǳǵĸᱨôߵļ۸
ѵǡңûǹҼˣǹҼҵۺʵ֮Ѱ壬Ҫǿϲٰ
˵ˣҲô򵥰ڣϹٺҵıۺ󣬻Ȼ˵ѹָǧǸʶһǳˣǳ͵ȥǻĲ֪ǧǵ˭ˡ
Ϲٺ常ϹٽĵܵܣϹƣЦһȻ͵չǧУѾκ˷˼ȷҪѹһ¸塣ԴڵʵǧУûĶ֡
ǵȻǸҵĻƣΪԼԶԿʦͺ˲ڼǧһһ֣νĵһ֣ǳʲôһεǧ䣬עǳ̨
һǧһٿŰ𵤣ϹٻЦ·һĨڽҵҪҺͻңĸҺͳһߵ͡
Ϲٺȥ׹ȴǿԱۣùΪѡ
ڹϣҺͻң϶ᾡ׹
Ϲٺȫƾλᣬݺݴѹһң߼۽׹˵ҲʧͬǴѹ塣
ȻҲ׹׹õ֣ѶȽø󰡡
ӹüͷţǺܿͼӼۣһǧٿŰ𵤣
ǲټӼˣǧǣ³˹ǼֵһǧŰ𵤣ټȥǵĿ𽫻Ἣ˵ôǻҵʵӹԵĻ˵
ӹҡͷ̾Ϣֻǿˣ׹󱻳£ֻ˵׹Եˡ׹Ǳҵ£ٺ١ҵ֪ô֮İ𵤡
ƺô򵥰
ΣǧУǻҵĵ̸ܱȽϡ

һװУӲվһһ꣬òأɢ˿ϢȥͬͨˣĿռ·һȥľ
Ѿ޷ټӼˣֻû뵽Ȼһţǿɶ񡣡
վԱߵ꣬ǿݸ߹ȷǷɢϢȻǲȻӶų϶١
꣬ǹ졣
վԱߵģȻǹμ򻪡
ʱ䲻ȴѸ쳣Ƿâ¶׹֮ʣȻ£󷽳֡
ΣֻҪҵõ׹ҵʵ϶ͻͽʱͻһҲ˵һҳɹͻƣǧУܹȡаЦϹٽȻǰ˽۷ʦŽʦԶԿ㲻ʲôǵϣֺαصȵڡ
ǷӼۣ
ȻҪӣǿֻҪǲ֣ǰʲôǡ򻪲мһЦֱӼӼۣһǧٿŰ𵤣
һӼۣٿŰ𵤣
һͬһ㣬ٶը죬ͬʱҲʹóеһӴ˱ǺþҿԣֱӴӵˤµء
ŵġ
ȿȡʲôȻ˱һǧٿŰ𵤵ۣǧǵʷϣ߼۸Ҳһ޽ӽг˵Ĺɣʱļ۸ҲǶһǧٿŰ𵤡


122 
ˣˣΪһ³˹Ȼôߵļ۸񣬹ôܻ֮İ𵤣
˻ңĴ壬ƺ׼ٰ𵤰ɣ˵ŷٿŰ𵤶ղ
ǧǵľҪȫıˣֳĲƸѾֱƳ˰
˶ֵ֪̻ϣԲ˱󲻳𵤡ǧǵУȻƴ󣬵̻ᣬǳҲҪʮֵĿ
ҼȻôߵļ۸ǱʾԿõóôİ𵤡
Ǻεȵһ𺳣
ǧǣҲЩǮ˰
ϿųеľۣµЦ
Ǯ˰΢΢ͷȴǾ֮̾̾࣬Ҳ̲סҡͷû뵽ŷǧǣձɽ˰˼ҿԽ۸񱨵ǧ𵤣ȴǱپͼӲȥˡ
ǶСˣû뵽ǰڵ͵ãǷֵ磬Ҫϻ㱨硣Ϲɭ֮ɫӹҵϣѾᵽһ˿ΣյĸоٶȼӼۣһǧٿŰ𵤣
常ֻһǧٿŰ𵤣һԵϹٺ˵
Ϲưֵǳɲֹһٿš
һǧ˰ٿŰ𵤣
ȻϹƵû£򻪵ıٶ
ȻּٿŰ𵤣Ǯ˰̾ԼϾʮŰ𵤣Щᡣ
˱˰
ûϵԼйĹ
Լٱκ˼İ𵤣Լĸ߽׹
һǧ˰ٿŰ𵤣֪û˭ҪӼ۵ģ
ǰ̨Ƥ֪˶£Ҳû뵽һ³˵ĹǧǵУȻĳ֮ߵļ۸
ǰȻԿٿŰ𵤵ļ۸
ٺһǧˣѾˡ
ȻûټӼۣô³˹ǰȭŰУζûټӼۣ˷ܵö˽
һǧ˰ٿŰһ³˹޷Ĵֱʰû뵽ȻҸˣҵʵǵ¹ˡ
͡ΪǮôϣȭͷӲŰɣҪùˣû㹻ʵȻұ¶ۺĲƸõĿɲǱ˵Ľѣ༸ѣ
ҿ϶ҪùǵʵҲͺͨ൱ǵĲƸȻ˻ңǱȳҲȭͷҿ϶ֱѹ
ⳡϷûȫ

Բδ˵ۣ֮Ƕĺ̨ȥ
뿪֮ǰӲһռָУһǧŰ𵤡
ԴˣԱܾȴǲ֪úɣܸܲ߿ϣһǧ˰ٿŰ𵤰ɣˣڿЦҡͷջǽ˿͸һǧŰ𵤡
ߵȺѾõĽƱӭԹӣϲ
Ȼ֪ϲʲôҲ˵ʲôֱ˵㻹Ǵȥ˰ɡ
ǵȻҸ˵һ
˵ˣѾˡƻû˵꣬ϱ߽ЦصСѣ֮ǰçײ˰ȻٿŰ׹
ǺǣûʲôϻǾ콫ĵĶҰɣѻңұȽϸʱ䣡ҡͷЦ
Ҳó϶޶⣬ʱû˼ϳġ
棬ӶŵΣûأʱϵԽãΣձԽ
ϵͷãܹ˰˼ֵʮŰ𵤣һ¡
˵ţһ֣ﱦһԵϡ
ꡢɽ֥ȡ
Ҳ飬ֱӽ˼˿ռָ
̻ǣǲȥɶԷ°ӡ
Ǻǡû´ĻСӦûû̻ĹɣǺǣһŹ͸ɡŹڣĶǽȡһĻؿۡϳһɫƬЦصݸԣǧǣܹõ̻ĹǲʮŶ
ԼһĻؿۣ
ԿϵݹĹûϽӹǴӿռָȡһͬĿƬֻſƬɫΪɫſƺҲ̻Ĺ֪ܼٶٵĻؿۣ
ȻŴĹ˵ܶ׬һǱҪͶ׬һš
Ҫ֪֮ǰǿһŰ𵤣ɵͻƵʦ硣
ǧǸ˵һŰ㲻ʲô˵ǰŰ𵤣˷ѡ
ŶСѾȻ̻ĹиֳһĨ֮ɫ򳽻еĹ
ǡ
ǽɫĹϵͫ׶ʱϴһɲ֮ɫʱӿ̻ôܣôܻӵ̻
ЦһſƬһ͸ҵģû´Ҳ̻һԱŶˣʩҹ
ʩ᳤ˣȻʶǵĻ᳤ˣе֮ɫŨվһԵĽƣŴͣϰ췴Ӧ
Եͷ̻Ļ᳤ҾͲ֪ˣſƬȷ͸ҵġˣ㻹ûңſƬԼٶٻؿأ
ؿۣСȻǻ᳤˵ѣ͸Ȼỹлؿۡġǰȭһǧ˰ٿŰ𵤣ʮŰ𵤣ʣһǧһʮŰ𵤡СѣһǧٿŰ𵤣պã
ҡͷһӣһѵİ𵤱ǴĿռָзڶԱߵϡ
ȻջؿۣҾͲˡ
ҲֱӽϵһʮŰ𵤸˿ռֵָϣ֪ûǺеĻ뽫
ҪƻĸϡҩѾֻ֣ҪǺǿƻ
ǺǳԼ֮صĶᲢûУģһ⣬һǺϢϸ㡣
˵֪СǷʱ䣬Ȼǻ᳤˵ѣھȥ㱨᳤ˣûʱ۾ۣ
⵹أ滹Щ£ȥǵĻ᳤ˣ˵ҹЩ۾ۡ
ЦҡͷȻֱȭת߳
ϣǻ᳤˵ѣó߳һɵʵ
һԲǻ᳤˵ѣܵõ̻Ҹ㣬ǣһŶûܹõģһһǿߣ
ô˵ǻ᳤˵ˣгĽ
ǿ϶ģҾã˻ͨô򵥡˵᳤ǧǵ;Уƺύһѣ֪ǲԡ˵ţӿֳһĨᶨУҵϸ߻᳤ˡ


123 
˵ţæ߳
ʩҹҲú𣬵ʱ򣬳ԻŸΪҪҪ
һĵطɽ֥ԼľȡܹһͻƵʦ
ʣµʱ䣬Ѿûж١
Ƿؼ壬ȥմ֣⣬ŷѩһԵŷʵ
ŷЦһǵİ𵤱Ȳǣҵʵȴǲǲ١׹Ǳһ߳ˣ̫ᷢ⣬ǹҽ֮ҺͳԼ϶᲻ġ׹ܷɹңǸδ֪׹ᣬһᰡ
ŷѩͷȻҪҪȥλھ
ʱãһʲôǻµġŷҡͷңܾùûбô򵥣򻪼Ȼұ¶ҵĲƸǱ˵㹻İգȻӴĲƸ¶ǿǽưã򻪻ô޴𣿡
ҾҲǣ򻪡ŷѩ˵ţͻȻסĿŴ
ǵӰ·ƣȻôϤ
ԣ
ǵһʱ䣬ŷѩð֡
ҡͷӦòǣ֮ǰʦûﵽ˵ʵҶ͸ΪûҸߣҲԲȥ
ŷѩȻţȴһֱŴ߳Ӱ
ֵͦİ
һ߳ǸܵΧһǿϢЩϢÿһǿ˲֪١
֣ϴӲԶ˹
Լϣ˵ͷѾõĶ뿪ɡ
Ҳ֪ǰȭδȥܻ׹óΪ˹ۿ׹ᱻ˭ȥͬʱҲĴܷö׹
ԶԴȴûһ˿һȤ
ȻҲûһȤ±ǵͷŸҪ˵ȴǷ·ӦʲôҡͷЦǲ뿪ˡ
ô
üͷһ壬ѾܵˣǿϢѾشΧΧڡ
СӣϸͷȽϽ˵Ųٵİ𵤣֪ɷá
ܹӰ뿵ϰΧڡ
ˣϵϢﵽ˶ʦվǰˣɢϢǶﵽʦ
ˣ֮ǰ볽Խоۣȴ͵ʴ׵ķ뻪հˣһʦͬǻӶһųǡ
ɣ㻹ûã֮ǰҾʱм۲ǽеͦ𣿡һȵʵӿȥѯһôûǮá
հŭһСӣ֪ϻвٵİ𵤣ҲҪ裬ֻһǧŰ𵤱С㲻óֻԼˡ
ǵһôӶŵĸλڻհĿ˵̬ȣʵǲȥֱӳԼ̷ŵ̻ҼӼ۾ΪҺƭͣغҾۣԸ߼ǵ̣ǻӶŻ浱˶ɵô
ʱΧ;ۼ˲ٹȺʱԵһǵ϶ʱӿֳһĨ֮ɫ
ȻǻӶţô˵Ľʦʦǵųλųôǵ
΢˵ʵ˭ܸıԼ˵ٺ١ӶŴṵ́ԭʱͣ۵ľǰŵǣ̾ȻԼóġ
ǹյģԭӶҲˣԭҿ̻ǽдѹǿڿǵûҪȥˡ
ȻûҪȥӶƨǡ
ԶվźµӣһӿȥĶţгһȣЦպ㡣ǰĳˣ̲סҡͷӶţ;ĩ·ˣԺǧǣֻʣǺӶˡ
ǧǱֻлӶǺӶţӶŵ̻ᣬǧǣǾ޷ٴȥҶɣڻܼȥΪǱһĿɽ
ԵһҲ˵
ˣǺӶŵųԼ̩
˵ͷĿ򳽻ԣµصǸһﵹȤҿϢǿȻһ㶼η廢Ӷš
˶ֱ
Ľʦ侪ˣΧĸ˷ĶС
£϶ʱһǿҵɱ

ûκԥĽʦϢȫ¶ͬһ̩ɽѹ򳽻ԡԼΣҲףȻɱ򳽻ԡ
ǰ붯ִֵܣҹ
Ȼڷһ֣ԵĿϱͬһʱ֣˿ڷϢϱ¶ȭͷһ̹ˣֱɱķ
⿴ͨͨһȭȴ̺һɱɱƥ
ȭͷճܵĿǱֱɢγһƬյشҵĺХ졣

˫ȭ̶ĺը쿪
ǿҵʱɢرǷͷϵĶҶƵ÷ڵء
ŵš
˫ȭһ֣Σȭͷշֿ֮ʣź
ڿϣȻǰڳ࣬üһſİôˢӣǰֶţ治֪˭
ߡһӶŸ־ҾͲһסˡ˶Ҷ֣˸ʬΡ
ɫؿ£۾հҳֽСˣ
ɱ
һ´հͷϵĶұǱƵǵϣֲϢ¶ͬˮų뿵ѹȥ
ˣɱϡ
ڻհǶһɱ˳ԡ
ɢĿֲƣΪĽʦȻֱӣ˿
ڳԣڷһ˿֮Ϻͬơ
ĿȴһֱĻհ
һҪ֮ô
䣡䣡䣡
뿵ϾϽһ䣬ȳ嵽˿ǰ񱩵Ʒֵͬһ㣬նϵľ
ɱң㻹ûʸ񣡡
һһȭڷϣֱ֮ˡ
֣˵һߣ⼸飬ұǡ
һȭ˷񣬿ϱҪ򳽻ԵĻհ¡
һ
Ȼû߳ԶһХƷȻԴ
ϺܿͷǻӶһųǹԼһԷǳȫ
һǿʵǿҲֱӡ

ŭһתǡ
䡭
һȭӳȭͬǵıϣǼԪϳ˵ıʱҵ÷һ죬͵͸ڣʹǿпһѪ


124 ֮
ݡ
ջǵĿϻӦʦΧɱ
ңҲǴһϮɱ
һϵеĹϾܹ価ˣҲԲǶʱġ

ʱ򣬺谭ĻհѾɱ˳ǰ񱩵ȭ磬ŨŨɱգۼ䵽˳ǰ
ݡ
ԻհȫһԸͲԿһͬȰ˿
հٶ죬Եƶٶȣȫʩչ֮£Ҳǲ˶١
ӣͣĽգļա
հ¶һ˿ȣӿֳΪŨĲмɱ
ųƶ֮ʱڵԪѾǴ˳
һʦ
ȻԵٶԿ죬֮ʦҪϲ٣ʦǰĽûеڶܡ
ߡ
ԲΪǽٶʩչ¡ʱȻʩչ˲ݣȴǻһʽȻĻհ׾ͻᷢݡ
ȻȻżĿԱհʶݣ

հٶȣЦһҲ˵Щʲôȫֽй
͵Ԫܡ
ΧĿ·𶼱˺ѡڻհȫ£ҲԵΪǱ
Ͼһʦհʦֲʹ齣뻪հԴģ
ǸʮŻǵùȻǱӶŵȺ֮еΣˡ
Ӷ湻޳ܣ͵ʴףǿ޳ް
ѵʮûаֵ𣿻ӶڲǿһԶٰʮŵѣһ˵ֵ˻ӶأػռϷ硣
ʵʮʵҲǺܲһʦΪٶȾȻͱͨĶʦҪϲ١

ù£հɫҲ𽥱رΧиһ
һ̣հǽеԪ͵Ϣϴɢ֮ͬˮһؽһأ˿ϡ
ϢɢΧĿ·ܵĳȻ׵ĳѹ¡
ʲô
ܵԼѹĿϢɫ΢䣬ѾܵԼ屻ϢѹʱԼƶٶȣȻ𽥱û
һԼٶǶڻհĹ޷ٰȻضȥ
ʱһʦȫ㲻ҲҪ˰ɣ
ݣ
һ
뵽һ㣬Բԥ齣ȻУһĽʱ˺ѿռ䣬˲䴩͸գѸ֮ƴɱհǰ
ǡ
һǿҵΣʱӻհͷ𣬻հɫޱ䣬æתԪ˫Ʒתɱǰ齣
ۡ
ǿҵհ볽Զ˽
ǳԣǵĳԣ
ŵĶУͷϵĶҲߣԿݵӶʱ¶˵ߵУرվڳԶĻհиӿֳһǿҵ𾪡
ʱ߶ҪɱˣȻôسǰ
Ȼ㣬û뵽·ߣƫҪ֮ǰһڿʲôʱȥǳ㣬ڿҸõȥˣɣԺǸ϶ҲȲ㡣
հгڵ˷֮ɫ
˷ܵУǽɱ⣡

һ̣ͬһֻͻ͵򳽻ԣֲԪͬˮ㣬й¶غǰĳԡ
һ̣հȫȫǳȫ˵ǲһеضԳչϮɱֶΡ
ҪɱСӣȻȺӶŻ̻˷ӦɱСӣûһĿˡ
հ֮˼ᶨҪһʱɱԣΪ뵽һ㡣
ˣγ֣û˿Ĺ˼ɣҲûһ˿֡
գ֮䣬ξѾ˳ǰۻƥԪͬ˳㣬ųԸǶȥ
һһʱҲֵ
ʱΨʩչݣ
ɱԣհ
ȻʱһȻԲԶǼһźµӣͬڳࡣ

Ӱһ֣ƷǴлӳ
Ʒ磬ȴһڵѸ͵ڻհ֮ϡ
͡
ʱ䣬հоһɽײѪ磬ͬ߷ź浹˳ȥ
ǳСѣ
֮ˣȻǺӶŵų硣һ˻հ󣬻ͷųʵ
Ա˱ȭǳԣлǰ֪ǰǣ
ǺǣǺӶų磬㲻øҵл˵һǷһܴءЦһ֪ôܸл㣬û뵽Ȼǵǧˡ
ʱҲǾ֮ͣ㲻ʲô顣ҡͷһЦ
磬ԺǻӶдԹѵҪ֮£
ԶķˣߵĻŭȵҪ֣ǽӶž͵źһӶſսɣ
Ŀ⻺Цһս̫ԼˣΪҺӶŻ㣿
ááȻˣӶž͵ųһӶŵŭɣ
λ鷳ͣһ°ɣ
ȻʱһͻȻԱϹٺϹƱ˹
ϹٺվڻԵĳԣУ˸һĨĲм䣬Ǹϵҵܵһֵֻĳԣ
ĿϹٺɨһȦԷϵĻԼ߰زµ˶Էһ˿ݣпЦһڻˡ
ں
ûҾǳԣԵ
ϹٺԼվһԵϹƣɫʱѿϹٺͳЦҳǰŵģôûû뵽նҵܵһֻ֣Ȼҳǧǡ
ЦǺǣܵᱦϳԿֻǹʵ㡣ҳǧǣֲܡǧô󣬿ɲ˵㡣
Ȼ˵ȴΪɬֻлӶţпϰæǿӦ
ͻȻðһȴǸԸˡǧǵУ󡣱˵ӶţΪ֮һŷң޷а塣
ΧϹٺĶԻ򳽻Ե񣬶ʱùŹ
һȻ˶ӵֶնϣ֮󻹳ǧǣ⵨Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ٺ٣ҵҪ˳컹ܲ߳ǧǡǰһĻڴһϱǸֳһĨ֮ɫ
ڳԣгԹޡտʼΪֺԼѾܹٳõԣ˿̣ȴƶԽվ޷߳ǧˡ
ǧУɻûĸƳϣ˵նϳ˶ӵһֻˡ
鷳ˣüͷҲǽĿһ۲Զ֪Ǹһ᲻֣ڿҲֻ֣ܹȵ³ˡ


125 ǿƵĳ
£޷𣿿൱鷳ŷѩǰĻӵгǣȴһĨᶨ֮ɫ
ɼᶨ֮ɫʹ£ȻǻųԿš
ԵĻϹٺ۾ʱҳи㲻ʲô治֪˭ĵӡ
ҳԻòű˽ӣڱ㲻ʲôҲ޹أԴ˴ѹң̫Լˡ
ǺǣǾͿ˭ȭͷӲˣ
ϹٺʱЦĿת磬Ӷžʹû䣬͹ԹһԿš
гмϹٺĻȻɫ൱ѿȻǲҿڷ
ĻǡҲﳽԣĴۣȴǽӶơ
˵Ӷţǧ壬
ҵҪ㾿ƾʲôӲ
䣬ϹٺѾͬһֻĸ㣬ɢƣɱ򳽻ԡ
ĽʦǿƣҲɽ㣬ųѹȥ
Ůˣ˵־Ͷ֡
ŷڣֻҪԷʵǳ̫࣬ƸӰ첻˳ԡԪת齣ƽ˽
ҪԣĽʦĹһܹӳεЧ
ˣΪʲôƨͲκ˶
ȻڳԸҪ֮ʣԺȻһǼϵӰȻȭɽĺɱϹٺ
ˣ㾹ȻҶҶֱ֣
ϹٺûϵϾȻҶ֣ΪԼ¶ݺ󣬾ԲٸΪԳͷһνüΪͻȻһʱ侹ЩӦ
ϾҲһʵĽʦȻͻأھŭһ󣬺̺ܿ˱ըƣϡ
һԪۻ룬ɱ
ǣ˼
ϲмһЦȴЩŭ֪Ϲٺ볽ŶԹϹٺ̬ǶԷ˳ԣ󱻳Խѵ¶ԷɱԣǼеŭ
ŭ֮£ϵĹȣɵҲ˼֡

ȭཻǿҵɢɫĮû˿仯
Ϲٺڳ˿ϵһϱӿֳһĨ𾪣̶Ĩ𾪱԰֮ɫȡҲǵŵŵŵ
мֱ£Ϊ㵥ƾֶξܱסԣҸ㣬ʵǿճҲɣ
ϹٺڽһЦ˿ûΪϽ˶ŭһϷʣ常סһԳְҽԡҾҪ֪ҳԸʲôˣǧǵУû˭ܱ
˵꣬Ϲٺȿٶȶ֣Ѿź߹ȥ
ʵȷǱǿ٣ϹٺȴſסϡҪÿۿαѹ
Сӣҳиʵ㲻İ֣ҲǱɡϹƼϹٺ־ס˿ϣҲЦһһų߶ȥ߽ʦǿϢͬ˰㣬һؽһϯǵذųѹȥ
Ӵ֮£վڲԶĳԣͺؼĽӡ
ϴһԪ۷屦ʵҲǱĽʦҪǿЩҽеķ֮תڣ壬ǿԿʦҪ߽ʦܣҪҪӡռ䣿ͻȻڳԵԺ
ŷ֮ǿƿس塣
ȻȴҡͷһܽӡԽӡֽΣСٵȵȿɣûһ˿취ұ㽫ռָȻٽӡ
ԴϹٻĿռָǿװɻ
ǳǰеʵҲһֻȽǿ׳ϡ
ϹһԣųƽɫΪǿ£ѾɵˣжʱмԼ㣬һֻϣҪɱ㣬ֻҪָС
ô
ԵĮɫԼ߶ϹƣδΪԷĲм˿
ȻޱȵƽĮȻ
ӣ
λ߽ʦĲмֱѡӡ
˿̱ϵ߽ʦǰȷϡֻԼ֪κһʦûʸΪϡ
ҷǳڴƿҵܹһ߽ʦϣŶ೤ʱ䡣гڴ˵
ȻѾݻǰһĻԸҪڷİ£߽ʦܽԼƵĵز
ˣԵĻҲͷһѡ߽ʦȻȴʩչһֶΣʩչֶκҲþͲܿ
ܵеǹΣҲ촽۾˵
˿̣ڷ۾˸һ˿аұ
ûõĶȻɵˣҲգҾֱӶ֣һ˽Ҳڡ
оԼƸӰ첻˳ԣϹƶԶȻǱɵˣбϡ
ڳܹȻѹ°Ȼ£ûȥʵǿᣬѰнʦѹ£ܲס
Բһʦεֵ߽ʦѹȣ
ţϹѾתԪɱŷҪųԳɱȥ
ס֣
ȻҪ֮ʱͻȻһĺ
Ϲһͣͷȥŷѩ
ŷѩϹٻ˵ȷ٣ͳСӣѾǴͨһ𡣡
ϹгŲмնɱӣҪĻҲھҴֱ֣ŷǧǳ
ԭĴҲǲ٣ѾŷҶ֡ȻˣʱΣһҪ㣬ŷؿͣŷұˡ
ϹƣԳŷѩֱӴŷңֳһ־ԵǿƣԵĲá
˵֮ʱŷѩߵ˳ǰһƽĳԣŷѩЦþò
ȻƽȴǱ¶ĵϲá
ʮ첻ʵ˲ٰԿŷѩЦ˵
ûİ츳ٺãҲܻô졣
ŷѩһ͸׹Ѿ²⵽Լ볣졣͸Ĺպýʵƣȫ˳
ŷѩ죬Χ˵ʱɫ΢䣬Ź֮ɫ
֮ǰ˵ŷѩѾϹٻδڿ˵ǰ㰡
ǰӣѵŷѩԵļһϵӦðŷѵ³ŭ𣿡
Ҳ̫ˣŷѩȫŷضˣΪԼһ˽飬Ȼѡ˸һСӶϹٻλٳ޴ѡ񣬾ŷذ
ѹ֮ǰдԣ˵ҪŷҶ֣ԭΪԵʰ˵ģԵСҲЩϹٻҪ㲻١


126 ֲķ֮
Χ˵ĸſϵϹٺŭһ常춯ֽǶɱˣŷѩ˾Ȼңȫ˼ǳҲҪ˿֡ɱǣ
ɱ
ϹϹٺĺһͷɱŷͬʵʣ̶磬ٳɱ򳽻ŷѩˡ
ԿԵֵסϹƵĿֲƣŷѩȴ޷ǾҲǲС
񣬶֡
ǣˡ
ڹϣֻǿж֣ȻĻ˵ŷѩԼܵĪĹ
߽ʦȫ֣ɱ

Ӧһ󣬳ԵϣʱӿֳһǿϢϢͬɽӣޱȣһЯһ˿
Ƿ֮
ʲô
һĻüΪͻȻ˵󡣵˲ǶȻǿϢɫһǾޱ䡣
ϢȻ֮ϹƵ߽ʦ࣬ſĽʦЩ㣬ǰһ̣ǲһʦΪ
һΣǺεֶΣ¾ǧǵһ֣Ҳ޷ɣ
ھԵʵǰСϷͲһ
Ϲھһɱʢٶȱǣ˲ǰצճȭһʵʰԪɽųԺȥ
һϹǳȫľУûһ˿
㹥֮£ǺͬȽ׵߽ʦҪȫ˿
ݡ
һ
ɫĮȻ齣Ȼ̳
ֻʱ齣Ľ֮ϣȴɢһ˿˿׹⡣׹Ŀգҫ֡׹⵱У̲һĿֲ
ߣ
һĻϹƲмһͲԵĹУȭûκԥ齣Ľ֮ϡ

һһɿ񱩵ʱܱŷ
ϹƹۻԪͬ಻ĺˣȭͷ֮ӿ齣һؽһصس볽ڣһٽơ
͡
ȻɰԪ볽ԵڣǱһɰ׹޾ֱӱ˷ӡУûԳ˿ơ
ŵŵŵš
Ϲƣ齣⵱еȻǺǿᣬȴЯһ͵سϹڣǿƵ߽ڵԪ
ˣ
һϹɫȻޱ䣬һ֮ɫڵԪ汻ȫ߽ˣԼͳһˣ
ڴˣϹæ߶Ԫһʱ佫ǹƳ⡣
ڣǹδ̫ۻ룬ܿͱϹƱƳ
кµͬʱϹȴǶȻһ̰ͷԽʵεط̺ſ߽ԪֶǱҵõ¾Ǵ磬ҵĶ֡
ԵʵôͻȻôǿˣǲһʦ𣿸ոȻֵϹһûˡ
̫˼ˣһʦ߽ʦֱδżδ治֪ʹ˺ֶΡ
ֶȻϢȣӦֲ̫ʱ䣬ϹƵС
ǰϹ߽ʦ㳽һЩֶΣҲԲܿˡǲ֪ŷҼŷǷ֡
ŷôӦòҳְɣһ֣Ǳؽŷƣû˿·ԡ
ֵܹסϹƵȫʹΧˣ϶ǸֳԼ𾪡
һʦ߽ʦ޷֮¡
һϹٺߣ˸⣬־ȻֶΣѹ޿ֵ߳ˣҲЩˡ
ڳԵʵ֮ǰҲû̫²⣬¼ԳֿϹƣڳԵʵжϣɵٶȷ仯
ϹٺиӿֳţܣʵܻôǿʦԵ÷ǳǿ常߽ʦԿⲻˣһʩչĳ
֮ǰֳʵȷ޷ʦ˿̾ȻֱԾнʦֱӿ߽ʦΪϹơ
˴۾ʵƿֲ
ɱһҪɱ常ɱϹٺƵĴȳгһɭ䡣
ɱȷҪɱԲڣ
ոռʩչǰֶΣϹ̰֮ģʱϳɱԣ϶޷
ǰֶƿأʵɱ
ʱĳ֮λǧǵУҲԻΪ۷ĹâҲᱻĴڵ
㻹ƴֿҳ˻ὫǣŮٰܾĥģҿԴӦֻ㵤㹷ֻһΣѡɡ
ϹƶųԣɢһɿֲƣϵسųԵ
£һнʦĵ׷߶׻ᱻ߽⡣
Ȼȴ˳ԣŬעֻù
Ȼʵǿᣬʱܷң˵¹ģ㲻Цô
ڽ˵㣬ǧǳϹٽˣûʸ˵㻰
ȻˣǾͱ²ˡϹվ̾һ۾˵
취ƿصֶθŪֳǿȴ֪Լ뷨ʵˡ
Ϊٿٽԣ϶˻ɣʱ˵㲻ú¡
ȻˣҪǿƳ֣ԸնɱҲʡֶλᱻ˸ȥ

ڴˣϹƻȻ֣˫ζ֮䣬ǿ֮ƣȻ򳽻ԡ
˫Ƽľ죬ףҪǰһٺɷ顣
һ𷽲һҪǿ֣Ѱ߽ʦױˡ
Χ˼һĻ򳽻ԵĿǸֳһ˿
֮£³ֶҲпܻ
ɣ
ϹƴһЩĲʣȻǷŭԼɱ⡣
Ŀɭ䣬ֱϹƵĹ
һܷסܵϹƹеĿֲɱȻƽѾЩǡ
ڨڨˣһĹ̫ǿˣǿеֵֵܹҲҪЩȫָϹȴԼ㷢൱㰡
ָķ֮վޣȥԸѰнʦԶԸԸ߽ʦȴǼΪǿ
رǣǰ߽ʦ˿ѾȫȫɱУһ
£ڵķܶԿ
ԳǶô˲ԺԸǿϾҪߣˣֱӶְɡǷ֮ˣ취ȥŪЩıָʵ
ȻûѡȴǾ
ãǸһȻ߽ʦҺѶԸұǷӡֶھ֪һ£ʲô졣һСС߽ʦ㲻ʲô


127 Ʋ
о˸£ϣΪŨİ׹ӻԾϽˮ㷭
ˣϹƣ۸ŷҹͣ浱ŷҾ³ô
Ȼ͵׼֮ʣһŭĺӲԶǼһӰգǰԪӿϹƵ˫֮ϡ
䡭
ҵԪʱɢϹƵٶȥԵüΪǱ
嵽ǰﳽԵֵһˣȻŷμŷ塣
˿ԵŷɫǷЩ仯ر⼸ˣиӿֳ˼֮ɫƺڿʲô
ܿģǵб˸žϲ
ŷ廹ˣŷ군ˣŷʵʹǰھȻȻԣǽŷȫϾ·
Իĺŷѩϵͬһ㰡ȻŷΪ֣ŷһٶʵ̫ǡֵĻҪԸŷһû̫ɣһ³Ͳȥκˡ
ŷǧǵλ϶ҪҸȡǲ֪ŷ֧ܲŵǧһա
Ҫǻ·ˣھŷҶ֣˵ǧ䣬ŷܷȻȹ˵
ΧüͷҲǻŷһٶȷЩ嶯ˡǶΪңҪŷҶֵĻҾԲӲ
лŷԶһԵŷ屧ȭ˵
ѩѣҳ־Ӧõġл
ŷ˰֣һνӣüȴһĨε
ϹŽԼ˵ŷ壬һŭ֮󣬱Ǳϲɫȡŷ壬ȻҶ֣ɳܵŷҿɳܵ𣿡
ŷҶ֣ȴһֱҲʵɡ˿ŷ֣Ǹһûʵɡ
ǧǣǧ䵽֮ǰҲǻ൱ˡ
ŷܷܵϹƿɻûʸ飬ŷҵˣܰڲġ˵㣬Ĵŷˣ˵Ļŷ岻ͷصҲۣŷҹͣҽǱˣ첻ĻھҪԻŷˡ
ǺǣŷȷЩʵһ˾뱣סС飬Ϊô
Ϲƴ¶м֮ɫһ򣬡ӹҳŲٽ֮㶼ˣŷҲҳУҪʵǿᣬһɱĵˣ֪Ƿնɱӣ
ϹƵĻ󣬽ǶϹƵĿ⣬˹ȥ
ܿ죬˱ǿվڲԶĻӹƸӶˡ
ӹҼҵĹϵȻ𣿡
ܹΪǧǵһ壬Ǳʵǿᣬ϶ٲ˳֧֮֡Ĺϵ϶Ƿͬһ㡣
ҳְæŷעҪʧܶճˣӹʵ߽۷ʦ˵Ǳ֮ˣҲڲ֮䰡
ŷվ΢ǧǵ֮ĵһǿɵһ壬ŷһûļ壬ϳңŷûٶֻǼӿ졣ŷĴ˾٣ǽŷ˰
ŷ忴һĻͫҲ֮£޷ˡŷȻ΢Ҳ˭ܹġ
ţŷĽŲҲǻųվķŲ
Ϲƣ£Ϊǧ֮һĵˣȻְæ﷢С£Ӧҳ֡
ӹЦһȥϹƼΪѺã˹
ȻֵΪϹȴЩ˲ûϹƹȥֱ˳ŷ壬ŷ壬ͬΪǧĵ֮һʹ˳ϹƵǸҿԲ㶯֡㻹ִԲӲҪסǸСӣǽͱҲˡ
ӹǸʲôˣŷǳԶԣŷȻʵ˲٣ŷʵɲȵŷЦһƳŻӹ
ԶĻƵ˵ôϻֱӶֽǶɱ˸ɴࡣ
һǻƣƵԵĿźȥСԩ޳𣬲һЩȻͶôޣԺҲٲһìܡ
ӹסŷУնɱ˳ԣһԸŷ塣ҵҪŷƾʲôǰšϹҲ˵
ӹͷãȻǾͶְɡ
˵꣬ӹҪֱӶ֡
Ϸ򲻹ȥһ°𵤣ǾôȣѵֱϷô
ȻʱкȻһˬǼ߿첽
򻪣򻪾Ȼˣ˵ҵĲƸǳҶȰ֪һ᲻Ὣ
⻹ҪȥôǺεȵĲƸ򻪾Բ׵뿪Ҿãû㹻ʵĻܲ뿪Ǹ⡣
ƲİĲƸǺֱܶ࣬Ӷ֣ȴһǧ˰һ³˹ȲƸͲǧǵܹˡʵֲǿ¶ôĲƸڹ˵ȫһѰ
ڳͻߵһ飬ʱ֣ԻὫìͷתĺϷ»Ӿˡ
һ֣ΧܵĸǱûǿһ󱦿һ㡣
Щ壬಻
ǶڹҵĲƸԼ³˹ǰȭǴѵúݡ
ȻûгҵʵʱȴǿԻˮ㣬˵õ벻ĺô
򻪣صÿǹҵʵѾɼɣرҵĲһңֻ̾
ӹ򻪳֣ʱתƿߣ˹򻪣ֱӺ˳ԡ
ʱ볽֮ìܣѾСơ
ķչǹؼ
ϹҲĿ⾼Щ꣬Ĳ֧п벻ҲƸۺ񣬹򻪼ӦþЩɣ
ԶϹٺϹƵĻüͷвǰұϾ˼壬ǳԸ˼巢չҿˣͬչ
Ϲٺһ˶Уʱû˸ұ¶̫ࡣ
ȻЩʵҹҵķչòǷ֡ھЩƸǳͿʱòˡ
ȻϹٺԼϹƶ˵һȴǸ̫ᣬһĮȻ벻мڻӹֱӱ򻪸ˡ
Ȼ˵ôһ仰Ŀȴ˳ԵϣСһҿǱ㲻֪ڼҹûȤԸĻΪӣ֪Σ


128 һ
򻪴˻һΧ˵ɫʱùŹ֡
򻪣Ȼֱ˳ԼңͲͻҷǳųȥˡ
һٴ룬˵ϡ
ԵʵǱȷҲӦڹ£ɣ
ڵĳԣѾΪ˳УʱҪΪӣⲻ˵Ҫ
Ļô⣿
Ź򻪣вûκεظмǵȻҵĸѾϣҿɻûϸɵϰߣҳԲһƽҲûʲôǱԣӵĻҵƼǸƵļһǧһһˡ
ʱ򣬳ϵϢѾٶȽصһʦڣȴתŷ֮Ȼδ¶ȻһǿҵΣոС
ǧУʮµ֣ȷǻƾλ
ȻǰǧУһһֿɲûǻơ
ڷţƾŷİѾܵŷѩڵԪѾżͻƵʦơ
ô򻪵Ƴһ۲ԶĻƣҡͷ񡭡
ˣ
򻪣ȻǹҼһҿɲġǸҶΪĳ嶯ۡ
ΪŭģȻǻҼӹ򻪵ô˵裬ǵڳĶӣվ޴档
ңѾվԹ򻪣ʱ˵ôһøɡ
򻪣㵨Ҳ̫ˣͬΪǧ壬ʵȻվ壬㲻ҷǲԪҷԪҲƱزưոݡԪҼԪ˷˵
ºǴǰվ˻ӹࡣ
λԪʢ㶼ǰȻųϹƣҲûһ˿ɣֱվӹԡ
⼸δ뿪ȵľôһ̣ή٣Ź
ŷĿ˸ŷѩͳԼһԣȻû뿪Ҳû˿ֵ˼
Ŀڹϣ򻪱ϿƼ򵥣Ϊŷԭ򣬳ܾ򻪣ͬһ㣬Բͨǰ򵥡
ǺǣǼ˻żҲŸո߳Ǿ̲סҪˡֱǰˣȻ˶߽ʦȴǳм˵壬ʵ˭֪Ǵʲô˼ǾͲϵİ̫ô
ΧܹۿⷬзǸֳһĨûΪеŭ
˵ͣˣ˶ڴϰԼ³˹ǰȭ⣬ֻЩʵ㣬߽ʦΪҲͲֱֳ
̲аգڵЩɣôӵôİ𵤡Īǹңʲô˵£Żõôİ𵤡
ӹЦһ˵νҲǧǵҲҪҵİ𵤣ֻʵ㣬±סôĲƸҽ飬ҵĲƸǼͬƹܣⶪʧҪ֪ҵĲƸǶʧˣǾǧǵʧ
ϹҲǵͷ˵ȻѾʵӱϾ˵㡣ҵĲƸûǼͬƹܡ
Ҳǵͷʾͬ⡣
˵ĹͬƹܣȻֻһЩ̨ϵĻҵĲƸУȻûнҵĵ
˵Ļǿ򻪸Ͳҷԡ
߽ʦ֣Ѱİ˽ʦԸˡ
ף⼸ʵ̫ˣǸ˷̫ʱ䣬ֱץųԻظˡڹԣ첻ͷ˵
ʲô֮ĶԻʲôʱֵˣ
컰䣬ϹٺŭһЦ˷̫ʱ䣿Ҳ֪ɵ˻ǿΪܹˣûֱĨǹңѾ御ˡҸ㣬ǲеİԼǰȭǾͱ밲Ȼ뿪
ЦһȻǹģ˷ֱӸɣ˵ǡǰȭǰ𵤣ҲõһšȻϹٺԸ̣ҿҸЩ𵤵Ƹ񡣡
˶ֱ
ϹٺһȻǰ壬ŹĲӺն¡
Ůˣǰֶšһ˿мŪһɶ㿪ϹٺĹ̽צצǰϹٺǰôˣһ㵯ԶûУѹƢô϶Ǹڵˡ
˵꣬ЦһצϼӴһֱӽϹٺ
åҷɱ㲻ɡϹٺվȺ϶ʱӿֳ޾ɱ
쵭㾡ܶԣȻҶ岻ȤҪ·ǹһǿġ
ǲȥˡϹƼһĻжʱһϹƱڵϷҲ൱ϳһƣ£ĵλƱҪúýѵһ¹Ҹӣ֪˭Ҫһֵģ
֮˿ҪúýѵһĴȻһӦǵУҲ˸һ˿׹⡣
ϹƴһãȻˣұгˡ
˵֮䣬ϹӿһɰԪޱȵ򻪣գ֮˹ǰ絶ֱն¡
˼ϹƳ֣㶼û˿ԥ棬ɱǰ
˵ֹȴһĵĮ֮ɫ䣬ȻһĨмҲŶֱ֣ϹƳɱǰһĳ
ͺһֻӬ

ȻİϹƵʱһ쳣Ƶ죬ȴ羪ը죬˲䴫ܡ
ʲô
ɲǼ䣬ϹƵӿֳŨŨĲţֻо·һɽԼû˿ĵֵ֮ͬӬһ㱻ֱķɣź浹˳ȥиѪ硣
߽ʦһܡ
һһ߽ʦʵѰİ˽ʦ
򻪱ֳǿʵĴλ峤ͣǰĲϵԪ˲侲ֹгŨҵĲԼ֡
ϹƵʵǺܴսʱѷֳʤܹһϹƣǿ϶Ҳһˡ
ʵʵݺݼš
ΧۿˣĿҲǴƬ̣ǵš
һ߽ʦΪϹƣ򻪵ʵôܻôǿʵ¾Ϲٽλ󼰰ɣ
Ϲٽɱս߽ʦʱʩչһ׹򻪣ֵģûʩչʲôΪ²ֹѰİ˽ʦɣ
Ҳص̫ˣǲۺ񣬾򻪵ʵǿᵽֵزǧԺҲôƽˣ˵׼ա


129 ǿƱ
ˣʵôǿᣬ֮ǰΪʲôҪճΪӣѵǿ˳Ե츳

򻪣Ȼô򵥰
Ե۾ȴڸոչ򻪳֮ʱȻûвκϵϢȴǳϲΪų⣬ʵ϶ǰѾͻƵ˸߽ʦǱȻӹ߽۷ʦҪǿϲ٣ʵ¶һЩƸҲʲôΣաȴڲŽԼʵֳ϶ΪļƸࡣΪʵȥġ
΢˼Ƭ̣жϡ
ʵȻǿᣬԲ
ʱҲù࿼ǣû̫󽻼
Ůˣ֪Ǻεȵؾ֮˰ɣΪеͣͲκ˷
ȻЦĿһתɨһϹٺظƺЩζ򳽻ڷ򣬵ǽг԰ɣҵǱǹңڿݰɣҸ׵ӣԺǹһܶôġ
ֻǣڻº󣬹Ƴһ۳Եŷѩһ򳽻ԣĪζ
˿̣ⷬ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ɵöһĽ
֮ǰŷҰԣû˾óԻõʲôôȴǲͬҲƸۺ񣬸Źʵ߳ǿߡŹڣǳϹٽҶԹΡ
£ǧǣҾԻԽ壬Ϊ
֮£ȻŴҪʽңܹҼвΪӣ⵱Ȼᱻ˸Ľ
ȻڹĻȴûйᣬзǸֳһ˿ɱ⡣
Ź˿Īζ˻֪ʲôΪԭĸ֪Ǹ߽ʦܹȡڹУһ˿֮ɫ
Ѿ˵ˣҳԻûϸɵϰߡȻʵǿ󣬵ҳԲû̫Ȥֱӹ죬Ź򻪵Į˵
ʱŭû뵽¾ȻܾԼΪڿ򻪵ʵ󣬻ܵǰغŸɵ
СӣȻ˲ʶôѵŭ
Ǻǣ˲˵Ҫ£ңӦҪõϵطɣҺźظ㣬طǲܻġԶŹ˵Ҳ൱ֱӣ򻪵˼˵˳
˲֪򻪵˼֪һҪΪӣûʲô˼
ģ֣ȻûʧģһҶѣԺȤڵɣڵɣȹҿҪǿһٱһǧֹ
һԵĿųԵļ̾˵
ŷѩ˵ԣҪСģ򻪵ʵǵû⡣
޷ҵ˼ѾڹҼʲôѡǾͿԼˡ֪ŷѩ취룬ԸͲõģѾԼŷѩ˶ռָȻԼӽӡռ䵱С
ŭЦһʲôѡ񣬻Ҫοô̫ԼˡҸ㣬˵ʲôҪط
ط൱ѣ֮ǰû˿Ϲе̰ڰȴǿرǣڳԵڣȷһ˿Ĳ
ʹڳƿصֶΣ൱棬رǳֿʵֶΡ
ʵܹطİ£ٶǧǣ治κε֡
ͬǲмһЦҽҾͽҸ㣬ղԲܴϵõκһ
˵֮䣬Ѿþ֮ԿŷѩԼŷ崫Ѷţʱ뵽ռָУȻԼӡ
֮ԻֻǵԼκһ˶ѹġΪİԼʵһʵ
ԣǰǸǿУ޷֮ߡ
ôҾͣҵϣܷ֧ȥ򻪵ЦһζȻƶͬһ磬֮ǰ˲£һƵ̬֮
Ȼһ֮£ȴ׹ƿռ䶼ѹ飬һڶ쳹
һƣνƾףѰ߽ͨʦʩչ³˹ȡ֮
ˣ̫ǿˣһѾ൱ڰ˽۷ʦȫһˡӲܹסڵķ֮»ᾡĹ⣬ҪָҪԪ۷屦Ҫ뵽ӡռ㹻ġһƵ̺ɱʱڳԺ
˽۷ʦȫһݽҧһĨʣʮʱ䣬һŸҪҪ׼ӡɡ
Ҳû뵽򻪵ʵȻôǿһ൱ڰ˽۷ʦȫһˣʵѾȫܶԿķ롣
ٲʣҪ֤ԼߣҲòǵѡ
룡
ڴˣԱҪŷѩ뵽ռָС
򻪣̻ĵ̣䣬Ҳ̫̻˰ɣȻʱڳԵǰȴǶȻһӰ
Ӱƾճ֣һ֣ʱһȴޱǿϢϸƣ˲仯ӰǵصӰ򻪡
䡭
Ӱǰһл߽ʦΪĹ򻪣ɫȻޱ䣬һ̣оѣһԶƵѹƾնˣû̫ķ֮
ͬһУ򻪵ܡ
һĻֵüΪͻأΧۿˣǳԱˣ뵽ʱ򣬾Ȼ˳ְ򻪡
벻ģǴ˾һл˹򻪡
Ҫ֪ڵĹ򻪣ʵȻǧǰǧǵĳһܹ⡣£ǧи
ȻĿվڳǰӰеɻ󣬶ʱ𾪸ȡ
ӰȻٿǧ壬ȴ֪
ǧ޿ĵһ֣Žʦʩ
ôܣһôʩ־ôʸʩģ̻ᰡ
֪ʩڻǵʩңݶǷͬһ㣬ʵݣǧǵУκһ˿Ƚϵģһˣôܻ־ȳԣ
޷ԣݿ϶ͬѰȻԲʩ֡Ҫ֪ǧǷٴ飬ɶδʩ档
²ô򵥣ڿ˵ǧǵĵһ򻪸ǧǵһ֣ʩȻٳ棬ʵݣҲǹ򻪿ԱġڣͿ򻪶ڽ飬᲻׷ˡ

ʩ̻޹أҹҪޱߵСӣҲҪǧڲ顣򻪿ͻȻֵʩɫ粻


130 Եʩҹ
ʩп˵ΪɵġǧǵĳϹٽ̫ϡʩʵݣҪ߳١
ʹãʩбǿҵ𾪡
ԣôžʩʸʩݣǧǵĳϹٽܼİ
ʩһȥԼĪʮŮӣïһ̳ϾƣɢŨķҷζһһЦ֮䣬֡رˣ͹£ŤǺˮߣ߳ԡ
ֻ˵ڣȴһɾǧĮɢһϢ
֣ȻҪ֣Ըֵܣùõģѵò֣ҸǣҲ֮ìܣȻǳֶԸֵܣǾ͵øһ
ʩ൱Į֮䣬ȴһֱ˵ơ
ǾȻѹʩҹֵܣֱǲʩҷǲһǧǸʩƱҪһһ
ʩºһΪǿƵȻԲԶǼһӰͬ£ٳ߽ӽ
ǡʩҹֵܣʩҹҲǸֳһĨ֮ɫû뵽ʩҹȻڹϳ֡
ʱǧǼеۣһʩңôͿӦ
ʩңԲ˽⣬ǧ⼸ȴǷǳ˽⡣
ô˵⼸ʵĵͷߣʩŲʵҪԸǲɡ
һ㣬ʱǧǸһŷң⼸嶼ܻվһߣ£ʩʩҹæǾͼпܻվǧĶ档
ʩҹ᳤̻
Χ˿ǳֵӰԼӰ˵Ļ֮϶ʱӿֳһŨŨ𾪣رǧǸ죬һȻ
һ۾˵ʩҹǧǼ֮飬̻ᵱǧʱ˵˲ǧǵе顣
ϻ򻪣ΪԼеʵ;úţƣҸ㣬˵ڻʦﵽ˴ʦҲҪһʩҹͲ򻪷һм˵˵أԼһ䣺ˣϣĲ̻ᣬʩң
ʲôʩҹȻʩڰԣ⳽ԵʲôˣȻʩҹ˺ޱذ
ʩҹʩҰ򻪿϶ڶԷֺʩǰ˵ʦ֣Ǵʦ㲻ʲô
οߵˣԣȻʩܵĹϵ
˻һ˶ʱȻ־һ𾪵ĿڳԵϡ
֪ˣҲǴĽ
һ£СֵܿǽύһȻ˰ʩҾӿһ
ŷƺ˼ʲôʩôõĹϵų԰æŷӦⳡǧУѰɡ
ȻЩĽ֮⣬иǳʣз׷ŭСôܻʩ˺õĹϵʩҿӿһ
ʩҹѣǲٶΣʹ˽㿴ΣȻַŭͱǲ˵ʲô
ֻ̻Ļɵȳ̶ȣʩҵĻ򻪸Ͳȥ˵䡣
ʩɳһ׵ؽҸˡ
ʱò˲
Ȼ˲ʩҹȴֱЦһʹ˽򻪣ǲǱŮ˵ĸŸˣֱӸ˵ɣ㲻ǸƱҪĵסһǧ𵤣һŶ̸ԼŰ졣
һǧŰ𵤣ôȥ
ʩҹĻ㱻ѪһȻ
ΧˣĿǱ൱죬ʱд
ǰûʵһκ˷˴˿ȴǱ˵˵թơ
ʩҹЦһڲô򻪣㻹ǸʹĻɣһǧŰ𵤣ǲĻҿֱӸ㣬㲻ĻǹҾͲڴȥˡ
Ե
ʩҹĻһ־ƥİ
İĲκ˷
ڲǰʵ߳˵壬ҶΡ£ʩҹͲ˼ʵֱ˵ԵĻ
û뵽ʩҹΪҾȻһǹġ
ߵԼʩҹг˸̾ҲЩ⡣Ϊʩҹֻǽͨѣȴû뵽ʩҹΪȻǧ棬ʩҪԼ
Ϊˣֱù򻪵Ŀ꣬ɱӺ
ʩӿʵƺû뵽ǧСطȻôһȤСӡٺ٣ֵҲǹѰĿʩҹϴһųԵ˵ͷ
㡭̫
ŭգһȻ˵˲ʩҹʱѶ֡
ʩҹЦһҲ˵һ仰𵤸ǲ

ʩҹ䣬ʩҹԣӰ˸
ˣʩ⣬ߡɢϢһǴﵽ˸߽ʦķ롣
ɢǿҵϢԼĹס
棬һʱٶȱýš
ǲܴӦŭر򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ƿ·Ҫһ㡣
ž
ȻĻŸ˵꣬һӰǶȻǰİϴʱһƬ׺졣
֮˵ʲôʱֵˣǵӰصԭλãĮĶŹ˵򷽲赲Ĺ򻪣Ժúý̵ԼĶӣȻ´οɾͲһôˡ
㡭
һƬϣ˵ʱǳ벻һг֣һ
ʩٶȳ֣ȴǲòǵظԼ֣ܳӡ
˵ʩңʩǧǰõôһС㹻ˡ
֮£Ѿ޷ɳ
û뵽ʩҹͳԾȻ˲ǳĹϵ
ãһǧŰ𵤣Ҹ
۾һҧȡһöռָ򳽻ԣС㣬һǧŰ𵤣ͺúðɡ
˵⻰ҲͣȥֱӴĹ߳Ⱥȥ
뿪ĴԼʶȤ뿪
ֻ뿪֮ǰ˭ĿǻڳԵͣƬ̣г𶯡
շ飬Ȼһ̵ܶʱǧǡ
һԵˣһʦΪ濹ʦ츳סֿһط߽ʦ𾪵ģȻʩҵΪ棬ǸΪˣʩƺŲСͣԿԴʩҡ


131 Ϣ
ȻóһǧŰ𵤵ķãҲ϶ᱻͼӴ׵ؽд
ԵҲᱻġ
֣ղۼ뿪ʩҹųԹ˵
Ҳǹֵû뵽һμ棬Ȼ󶯸ɸꡣյ飬лˡ
Ȼʩҹ˲֣Ҳİգͻᱩ¶ĵƣʩҹ֣¶ԼĵƣõһǧŰ𵤣˵ȷһ顣
ʩҹ֣ЦССİֿɱϡҵľ֮ҿһֱء
Сҹһֱ˵ĳ𣿵ǸСӰվʩҹԵʩЦһһż֮ϣȫû˷ŵı뵭ĮԵޱȡ
֣ҵСãʵҵǧ̻Ļ᳤ҪĿĻΪùãҹùòϲһҲġһʩҹѹ˲٣Χ˳Ժʩûųգգ۾֣ҹùڿɻȻһŶ

Զͷ϶ʱֳһߡ
Сҹ˵ùõİԣСҵǸ״ȥʩĲһ㶼ںʩҹⷬ
ùãΪðʩҹٺһЦ˵꣬ȴǺȻʲôɫһ䣬ҡͷУôУҹùһˣԺ󻹲йøУҳԴˡ
ٶȺգԶԣʩҲǲȥ
Ů˿ȥȻʵǾŽʦݱҲǲסȻںЩĿǰ˵ԷľʵЩ󣬶ҳҲ˼ŵ
Ҫһ㣬ʩһμ棬ûһദ̸ЩЩˡ
ԾνʩȴȥˣСҹҲӦðеǧҪͲȥ
ùãɲڼɴȥǼͷǱ̻£ֿƣ𣿡ʩҹͶ˵
ʱŷѩǰЦ˵ԣû°ɣ
û£ոллˣλ
͸ҵĶҽնİͲֵһᡣŷѩһָλҵĸס
ŷǰȭѩ˵㣬һȻΪ
ڳԷűֳʵŷҲ𾪡
ΪȻһʦȴʮ߰꣬ԿһʦΪʦʵǧǵһ϶⡣
ںԿһط߽ʦ۽硣
ֻʱģȴǡ
Сѣѩ˵ʵ֮Ѹ٣ҪͶΪ㣬ΪˣϣȥһŷңҲҾһ֮ꡣŷ˵ͬʱĿҲŷѩϣŷѩæԣϣŲٵʣ֪ɷǰŷңΪҽһ
ˣζղʩҹù˵Ļѩ൱ءͻȻӳԵ
вΣŷѩеȷŲĸоֻ֮ǰ̫ٻȥ롣
ôһ˵Ҳ֪Ǻá
Ҫ̸飬ҪһʵҳԲΪʵ㣬źȻǳƬ̣ǰµĽѵͺݺݵس飬ŷһȥһˣһҪģǧ֮ǰһϵŷҡ
ֱӵһĿ꣬ǽΪʦǰݡ
£ǧǵļ͵ȫԸ˿и
ʵеҪʵǿʵ
ǧ䣿ǾͶлСˡŷȻЩʧ䣬Ժ漸仰жʱ¶˷֮ɫ
ŷҲŷѩ˵óԳ䵱ŷԮԵʵҲʶųԵİټŷѩʵһεǧ䣬ŷҶȻһΡ
ؼһǣʩҵĹϵƺͬѰŷܹ볽ԽϵŪãʱŷ˵ҲʩմЩϵ
ŷȻ룬ŷѩУȴǸֳһĨʧ
ǺǣȻеʵ⼸ӵʵҲףһûʮֵذտӦһЩʱҿ϶Ҫץʱȡڻ俪ʼǰͻơ΢΢һЦδ˵ʲô
ŷѩʧʢʱȴܺõؿסԼûнֳ֮˶٣żڵԣߵ·ӰɣǰЩʱռ˲𣬲֪ܷõϣ
ռ𣿡Ȼŷѩⷬϲ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ŷѩ¶ϲҲһͷ֮ǰûʯ壬ҾҲŲСãһصǧҾزռΪֹܹռʮ˶𡣡
ȻôࡣĿһϲʢ
ڵ˵һ㹻һʮ˶ٿԽнʦ
Ȼʮ˶ǧУһļֵǿ൱ʮŰ𵤣ʮ˶ҪٿŰ𵤣ѹŷڱ֮ǰ׾ˣԭΪ˳ְһԵʩҹŷ屧˱ȭתͷ˵Ժŷҵ˵̻ṺһŻݰۡ
ŷ˵СŷҵѣѩǾ֮΢ʩ᳤αء
ʩҹֵ볽ŹĽ飬ȻŷڳѣȻʩҹѣôҲͬǾ֮ͣŷͲٸҿˡ
ŷ壬ͱƴˣƴʩֿɾͲˡҲǴЦһȡһöռָݸŷ壺ѩΪռķѲٰ𵤣˵ҪİҲòϣŷ£Ȼõöġ
˵ţӲǽռָŷС
öռָǷŹ򻪸ģװһǧŰ𵤡һǧŰ𵤣Ŀǰȷòϣڰ𵤵󲢲ԼͷϾٿŰ𵤣ȫ㹻нʦ
ŷ񱾾ͲԣŷѩٿŰ𵤰ռһǧŰ𵤣Ӧŷ塣
ŷ屾ƴǣԵı飬ջûٽ飬ռָڵŷҿ˵Ǽȱ𵤵ʱһǧŰ𵤣ÿԸıŷȵ״
ʩ֣һʱ䣬ҿܻŷҶȹˣʱʲôµĻ;ǰȥŷҡŷ˰𵤣ԶʩҹЦ
ʩҹͷǧҲʼʱһʲôҪæģ㾡ܲѰңֻҪܼ֮£һƴǡ
ԹһЦģһġ
˵ţֶʩ˹֣ʱȴ֪˵ʲôǺáҲٶ˵ʲôֱתŷ常ŮԼϣŷҵķȥ
ùãӦûɣóԵԶʩҹʩ˵
ʩųԵ뿪ķЦŵͷȷϣܹܵһϢδضᱻССĵطǣסʩң˵ŲٵطҪȻһǰᶼ뽨ܹ˳سɳȥʩңҲ츳Ҫ߳ţڻûɳ֮ǰΪԭزۡ


132 ŷ
ùãҵ˼ˡ
˼ˣʲô˼ˡ
˵ôûʲôо

ŷǧʱ䳬ʮ꣬˵ǧдʱϳһ塣Ȼʮǰŷһʼû֮ŷұ˥ܣķչУֱӵףĩˡ
ʱŷҸҪ˳ǧ̨ơ
رǧļŷҵиƵسָìܣŲڻ֣ŷҼŷʵǿᣬҲ޷ķ
ԭΪŷһʵ㣬ǧٶȵ׵ļʼûⷢŷҾԻᶪ֮һͷΣʱȴŷҵĽֱӱ߳ǧʷ̨
ȻЩ죬ŷҵĸȴһķ𽥵ֹͣ
飬ŷѩǿͻΪһʦһͻƵʦĲΡ
ʦȫҩѻΪȴûʵ֡ǰ죬ŷѩһλʦУڶսϰк󣬾ǿһǿʽ亷Ȼܡ
ŷѩǿͻƺϣ϶ŷҿԼվǧǵʷ̨ͬʱŷҵв꣬ȻǶŷѩһ˿Ľ֮⣬ʾãʾĽ
ȻǶڣŷѩһЦݶδǶŷѩ׷ƣδҡ
ǻˣλء
ŷңһվڴ⿴ƵȺ˶ʱæӭĿڳ뿵϶Ͽۣæŷ˵
ŷͷ֪ˣھȥɡ
Բԣһŷҵȥ
ûãһ˱ŷҵ
ʱУ߼ʮˣЩɢϢһǴﵽĽʦߵģҲ۷ʦĲΡ
Щ˵󣬻վ˲СˣЩϢһߵļֱʦ͵ҲǴﵽһʦΡ
һ߽ǵĿⲻԼͬ˹ڳ뿵ɨһۣ䵽ŷϡ
Ǻǣλʧˣ׹ղδ뵽ҵϡŷԼЦһ˵
˵꣬Ҳ˵ķӦֱӴų
λãֻһλãԴŷѩΪͻͽŷλ·ְһλ
λȻŷѩ
Сѣɡŷոųָָ·ǸλȻֶ˵ȥλСѵԼѩ
ԣƽʱλɡŷѩҲЦ˵
Ե˵ͷû˵ʲôλ飬ν
ȻǸλҪ֮ʱһԴЩмͻȻѩλɲʲô˶ġ
˵ģһȥ볽꣬ư򳽻ԵĿ⵱УЩм
ڳĿ֮ʱһȥԼ˵һ㣺ѩǼ֮Ůڸŷһһšһ֣λ˵һˣЩѩĺѣȥҽ㻹ǵԱ߰ɡ
ŷ򣬲񣬳СҵĹͣŷҸǸ˵ѩλˣСĻλøŷ岻سһ
Ȼⷬһ˵ڣʱȻը졣
ʲô⻰ɲ˵ǸλֻŷҼſ˾ָͣǼҲλð
δǴδѵʶʱ䲢Ҫٶ˼ŷڱͲвڴŷҵ⡣
ѩɵúúȰȰŷҵļ֮λɲø˵ġ
ŷλȷֻŷҼſŷⷬǱͬĻǻὫŷҵļ֮λ
ŷϥӣֻŷѩôһŮŷҽļ֮λ϶Ǵŷҵӵܣһ뷨ŷÿС
ŷӵ໥Լ˷׷ŷѩ޷Ϊŷҵļ֮λ
ʱŷͻȻðôһֱǽ˸òᡣ
˵䣬˵Ŀⶼ򳽻ԣŸָɫʡɻ󡢷ŭм
Ҳ̫ҷˣҸǣҪ֮λ賽СѣǼ忹飬Ҳûá
һΣһѹƲס˵ŷ壬Ȼһķŭ
ŷĿɨһ飬ŭͬʱҲӿֳʧŷ֮û䣬ΪЩͼϽֻ֪Ȩ˰ɡ
ŷҵļ֮λǻ˼ǺǣҸǰɣóСѵŷҼϣǾŷڻʲô˵ĵط
ŷ嵭˵ǾѩͻȻΪͻͽΪ첻ŷң֪ѩΪ֮Ѹ٣ȫΪСѵİæûѩ츳ڣҲԲܻﵽʦ
˻һ·ŷ򳽻ԵĿ⣬һĨ֮ɫ
ܿ죬Ĩɾͱ˲š
Ȼû˵ֲţȴǱֵ൱ԡ
ʱɢϢһʦĲΡ
һһʦܹһڶ̶̰ʱ䣬ΪʦԼһʦ

ǲܣ
ǡ
˵ɫŷкòײѹסŭٶȵȼȴǱ˵һ仰
ѩΪʦԴ˾Ϊŷҵļƺ̫ʵɣ·λϣһ߿˵
˵߻ʮ㣬൱ۣŷҵĴϣ۷ʦΪĸ֣ŷղ
԰ҪΪŷҵļʵ϶ҪﵽһĲΣڲһʦεºܹΪŷҵļŷû䣬Ҳһһʦǵļɣ˵ģŷղԱߵһŷ䣬׳ʦ
ˣŷҵλϡ
λǶˣѩѣ˷ǰŷңͼĲǵļ֮λȡѩΪ׼һЩȡЩϾͻ뿪ŷ²ߣΪ֮λȫԼȥ
ŷЩ˵ĻҲŷҼȥȡ𣬾ֱ뿪Ѱһط
ŷҵļ֮λ붼ûŷԣԷҪŷҼ֮λԸܡ
ŷȫΪʵ
Сѡ
ԡ
ŷŷѩԵĻʱǺòײóԵŷû뵽ŸãŷҵһЩ˲ûӭóҪ뿪ľ


133 ô
Ƕȫ󵽣ԲΪȡ˵ֱ뿪ŷҡ
ȺΨͼļһ
ǶˣСѶŷҵļ֮λͲôȤΪڵŷңʲôֵȤģŷеķŭ𽥱ñ䣬ʱƺһϡ
ȡ͸ĿռָŷöռָУһǧö𵤡

ŷȻĮ䣬·ŷˣδǵĶУֻǡһǧö𵤡صš
ֱκֱը˹
һǧö𵤣ôͻȻõһǧö𵤣ŷܹʣٿŰ𣿲һǧö𵤣ŷҸ
ǰһǧö𵤣ŷҰѵ׵ĵλΪǧһĴ尡
ŷôİ𵤣ͻƵʦ˰
ŷеĿռָ˵жȡ˷ܡֱǰֱ¡
ŷ˵һǧö𵤣Ǿһʾ޴ĲƸ
Ǻǣ˷ôҪʧˣһǧö𵤣ǲܻõ١ŷ弥ڽһЦǶˣһǧö𵤣ǳСѸողǰ͸ҵģŷĴۣٶŰ𵤣ռʮ˶𡣡
ôܣôܻӵôİ𵤣ǧ壬ҲֻлҲŻۺĲƸ
һǧŰ𵤣ǧǣ൱һ³˹ôһ³˹ǣ

ŷ廰䣬ŷҵٶųԵĿһЩ֮ɫ
һǧŰ𵤣˵ȷһ֡
ŷڵĿʲ
ʱ˵Щڽ볰Ū
ǲˣһǧöھϡһⶨһ棬ʱ˭ִеúã㣬Ҿͻ𵤡ֲ֮ˣеλߣʵٸߣҲõһš˭ôԼԼŪȥ
ŷ嵭Į˵ʱϣȴ۳һɾԵλƣҪѹһУƿһС
ǡһĻԵüͷ΢΢
ζΪϤһʱʲôʱ
ʱ𣺡ƣˣŷ壬Ȼһ˿ƵζҲ̫˼˰ɣ
ûƣ
ŷɢǹλƣȻѾЯһ˿ơζ
ƣһЩǿĵʦһ򵽡Ȼڵŷ壬ϾȻɢƵĲȻδͣԤϵǣŷƵӰ£ٶȣԻһǧ
ͻƵʦļʣٻа˳ɡ
֣ҲоϵĲ𣿡ڳԷŷƵĲͬʱҲһɷͬѰЦʵ
ԵͷδĻŷ彫ΪԻһǧܹȫѿصһƣڱȥʮڣضͻƵʦĲΡ
ԴˣҲǵͷͬҲŷҴùϵˣһֻҪ⣬ԻΪʦǱǿߣҿɲ׷Ź
֮ǰʩҹһʱ϶ʩҶûֳ̫ȤƿƵŷ壬ȻǱ¶£֮⣬óЩȡ
ŭ֮ȫΪ˼ð
һŷĻʱرǴϣһţʱŷھҪǿ⼸壬϶λ߽ʦŷңȴżһ߽ʦŷеҪһ߽ʦ
ڴ϶棬һȥŷ곤ЩҲ˵ǰ磬ŷҪ߽ʦʱǶ߽ʦһѩӲãҲԲҶǷֺ
˵ģŷĶܣŷȾһΪ۷ʦ
ͣʦѾŲٵʱ䣬㹻ǳ߽ʦκͻƵ߽ʦҪЩ޴ŷҵĲƸͻơ
ʱŷϾȻһǧŰ𵤣Ƕʱ˫ĿƵضŷϵĿռָ
ڿ϶ǵģܲܵõ𵤣ǾͿԼı֡ˣʹ˴סҪᡣҽ֪ͨǣǧѾ£˷ֱѩٶԼСѡ
ŷ彫ռָĿ·һȦƵ˵
ŷ彫ռָ˵Ŀ⵱жʱ¶һĨʧԼһĪζ
ŷȻ˵һ˴ŷҲμǧ䣬ǵɫʱٶȷ˱仯
ǧйŷҵһ㲻ǵɽˮĵزԲ˻ԮѩΪѩڣŷҲԮҲͬǧ䵱УȡһΡ
˵ģǵһζԳԱʾмꡣ
ŷŷѩĶӣһ׳ʦ
򳽻ԵĿУ˸Ųм˵ˣǧŷ˵Ҫʵֲǿȥμǧ䣬ǲ˷һ𣿡
ŷ֮ԳԣΪŷŵУһŷȴֱӽų⣬һʱԽܡ
ǰ磬ʵҲﵽʦˣȥμǧ䣬˵ãܻܼ֣Ƕȡһ˵ŷŷȺΪʦ
Ϊŷμǧ䣬ŷȺ˲ٵԴӲӽŷΪ˶ʦ
壬˼ҳԵΪȻǺǿΪҲȶ˵ԵʱֳʵЩء
ŷȾվһݾµŮӣŮɫ£͹ĵط͹ðĵط
ŮŷȾŮŷ٣ŷŵġ
ŷ˵֮ʣĿڳۣһĨԼ档
ȻֻɢһʦϢڳϣȴᵽһΣϢ
ϢΪﵽнʦ޷֮ǿϢ
ϵϢǿ󣬲һʦŷپȵģǳʱʱɢĽ⡣
ŷɢϢȻȲŷѩȴҲﵽ˶ʦ
һһʦеʵǿʲôطȥŷȺȻǲ˲
ŷ۾˵ѾҲֻǸ¶ѣǿԷҵľǲġ
̫ƫˣȻѩѣʵվ˲٣ȥμǧ䣬ҿɲġŷгȻ֪ʱ򲻸˵̫࣬Ȼ̲סڡ
μǧҴӦѩ飬ӦӦҶǰȥμӡ
ʵ̫ˣǰȥμǧ䣬ֻŷҶ


134 һ
Ҫβܲμǧ䣿ôԵ۾ҲŽһǹ꣬Ȼǰ̤һҪ㣬ôֱӶְɡ
˵ŷ򣬳ҲȥΪ˶ѾԵ˼㡣еԵɣҲ൱
ȣԼŷѩϵܣԼ䶼ŷ嵱ŮһЩϲŷѩĻʡΣŷ˿سԣŷҵļ֮λпܻ볽֣֮ЩŷҼ֮λˣԹޡ
ʱŷóԳ䵱ŷԮμǧ䣬ֱӳΪⳡìܵĵ
Դˣˡ
ȻԷͱˣαһ̣
ŷ㻹Ȼҵҵŷ˲ϿҵǸȻŷҡ

ŷ͵ϣһ졣
ɣһ֮£Ȼữɷ顣
ŷŭĻΧ򣬴ʱŷ֮ǰѾȫͬͲٽ棬ʱ˵ҪŷŷңŷδǸпܻᱻȥ
뵽һ㣬вɶһĨ塣
ŷϸǲη壬η֮УŲٵĲԹ
ǳԣŷô˵һ
һУҪ־͹ֳԣ
ŷ壬ǸҿͲˣȻʵҲúչһģҲ԰İ˵֮䣬Ŀ·ɨһۣδٶ˵ֱߵյϣŷȭλѣͽ̰ɡ

ŷĿʱŷ壬ʱûŷԣɲٹַȻ׳Ҳ϶ܵصĴ
ŷһվͷҲٷԣȻǶʶһ³СѵʵҲͲŷ򣬼ȻСȡμǧ䣬Ǿ볽СѽбԡȻⳡ㷢ܵʲôˣǿɶҵġ
ŷⷬǸ߳ԣ֣ܶõĻŷ򣬵ʱ϶վڳһߡ
ŷβŷ˼еԹ֮ˣȻѧղ£ҿ϶ˡȭŲۣҲСĻ˳ԣɱҡ
ܻܳԣϿԽΪѡˡŷЦһ˵ЦеĲмȴֱӱ¶
ȻЦżΪԵĲме˸ûȥᣬŷ廰֮ʣжʱ¶һǿҵ֮ɫ
ֻҪ˳ԣͻᱻΪѡˣ
ѵ뽫ŷҵļ֮λŷ
Բܣ
ŷ򲻹ſﵽʦһҩͻƣǰ;ޣ£ŷԲܻὫ֮λ
ȻˣǾֻһɿԽˡ
ǾŷԳĪģŷΪȻﵽ˶ʦŷȻ϶Իʤ
һһʦеͣҪܶʦѶȾǼ󡣶ŷԪϳ˹Ҵﵽ˴֮ȻŷҩŽ׵˶ʦսǶʦĶ֡
˵УȻǾŷʤļʼ
ô˵ŷǳŷңĸֹͨ˸޷Ӵ˵ǳˣΪͬ׵Уǵʵǳڶ⡣
ʱŷԸĳԣȥͲţһѰҪһ㣬ΪŷҪһȽס
֮£ԻлʤĻ᣿
ŷĿ⣬Ľ
ǿŷҪܳԣͲ̫⣬һ˳ԣǻΪŷҵļѡˣʱڼеĵλǿֱƳϰ
ôû䵽أ
ܶж˻ںޣΪʲôոƳԵģԼأ
ȻǾֱӶְɡΧ̫СǵȥȱΣŷҲ룬۾
ΧȷСЩʩչȭŵķΧʮƽףȻΪҹʦ˵ʲô⡣
ô鷳ֱӶְɣûôʱ䵢󡣡Ե˵ŷȻǶʦʱĳԣȴŰٷְٵİտԽܡ
ŷ۾˵ȻȲҪ֣Ҿͳȫ㣬׼ˣҳˡ
˵꣬ŷȻǰ壬ٶȹ죬зƷ졣
볽ֻʣ֮ʱȭͷȻһǿȭʱɢһɽ򳽻ԣֺһȭͷ΢֮
ɽȭŷȻһ־ʩչԪϳ˹ͲóлֵĻᰡ
һʦ֮ʱʩչ׹Ϳ׳ʦսʩչǿʢ࣬¶ʦⰡ
ĿҲްŷοˣɾͳΪ˼ѡˣλνһԾǧɰ
˼ŷʩչһ׹жʱ¶֮ɫرǸܵһȭеİԵϢҡͷ̾
ȻվŷŷѩԼˣɫȴԵ൱ƽûһ˿֮ɫ֡
һ㣬ŷҼλɫʱЩãæתͷŷ볽ԵĽս
ʱŷȭͷȻ˳ǰס
ۿţֻýʯȭͷҪ䵽Եϡ
ԿŷֶĲмڽ

ûκģ˵ע֮£ŷȭͷ˳Եϡ
ֻǣ˻ϲǷŷȭͷڳԵ֮ʱûκͣͣҲκ촫ȭͷֱ˳ųԵ͸롭
Ӱ
˵Ժиֳ֣
á
ŷɫȻһ䣬ڲԼȭͷƻʱоڳһɲ
˲֮⣬ŸΪŨҵΣС
ݡ
ȻոתһΪƿȻը죬Ƿ֣Լϣһʹͬʱһɾ͵ƺˮһ㣬׺س
ͬݣתڰתʮȦźһڵء
䡭
ŷһɳһڵϣƵ졣
һƵȻǺܴ󣬵ȴһף˶ը죬һʱز
żѵشӵŷг㵡
ŶʦΪʩչԪϳ˹ŷ򣬾ȻôԸһƳˣ
ԵʵôôǿŷʵǶ׺ʦô׽ܰҪһƾͽɣҪж۷ʦʵɣ
ѵԵʵѾﵽ˿ȶ۷ʦĲΣôܣǲһʦΪ𣿡
һʦſȶ۷ʦʵ츳ŷܱ𣿾ǻҵĻƣûôֲɣ


135 ȷ
ٶȣԵٶȣѰĶ۷ʦҪһߣǿȾ˵ٶȣɽŷһƳɡٶȣȫѾ˲֮أֻʦĶ۷ʦſܽˡ

ʱΧ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ŶһĨأҲû뵽ԵٶȾȻǿ쵽زѰĶ۷ʦ޷⡣
еͣٶٿЩǰҲǲһȻȺУһɫĮкâ˸ȻѩϵУҪǣǾͱҲˡ
ţɨһ۲Զļ֮λһḬ̃ĿԶŷѩŷѩ´˸޵֮ɫ
ˣ㾹ȻҴңҽշǷ㲻ɡŷվųԵĿԹ
Ե˵һƽɣ˵һΪ飬϶һ̵ܶʱ䴫ŷңʱĻˣ
ŭһŷеԪͬһֻͻ㲻һеسɱ򳽻ԡ
ʱѾǲȥľǾһֶɱԣйͷֻޡ
жԳһ˿֮ģ˿ȫ֣ȫٶҲû˿£ȻѰ۷ʦҪһߵٶȣһСҲ൱Σա
ϾǶԵĳأʮƽԵٶȸ޷ȫʩչʮƽ׷ΧϾ˲٣ŷûܽܣҲԻŷ˵ͬ
һĻ۾ɵϸعۿǵҪһزԸֵŷĹ
ѵͿԼٶ
ҴҵĶӣҵҪʲôͣԶŷŷȺĿ䣬ųԵĿҲЩɱ⡣
ŷĶӣԵڳӵ͵ǵڳҲʹѿ
СѣǷ̵ֽ̣ܽһôˡ
ȻΪԲֵ̫֮ʱŷͻȻ쳹
Ȼŷ巢ˣҾЧˡҲЦһֻЦݵУ
ΧĿ⣬ܹظܵߵͬʱ붯ֽѵŷŷ巢ǲٴ֡
ݡ
齣
ŷǰȥ֮ʱе齣Ȼʣĵεƿռ䣬һƿ죬㣬׺ŷǰ
ŷԳǴһ˿мȻĵ̺ɱͫ׶ʱͬ⡣

ŷæ߶ڵԪȭͷ֮ϣʱȭͷһŨŨ׹ʵʣĵ֮ϣһ졣
ֵסˣ
ƺݻ٣ŷ¶һĨϲϲͬʱиǲмû뵽һ˵ĹȻô׾ͿԵֵס㲻ʲôʽ¾ѰһʦԽֵ֮סɣ
¡¡
Ȼŷδ¶Ц⣬һҵĺ㣬ľ¡¡ը졣
ô
ŷֻодһɼʹɼľʹԴҪըĴ
ľȻѾﵽ˶ʦھãȴªޱȡʱܹͲ֪õνз
ž
Ծʹ֮ʱϣٶȴһɾʹΣһθǸ߸ߵ׷ɶ𡭡

һΣŷص𷽲ţҪ١
һΣΧ˵ĳһΣǴ˼㡣
ĹѵǾʦôܣ
ʱΧ˲뵽ųԵĹУȻԽΪĹȴǽ̺ľ񹥻
ֶΣɲѰʦӵеİܹ񹥻ʩչزֻоʦ
ֻǣǾʦĻΪľҲһʦأԪΪͬһʦ
ǾʦľԪΪҪ߳
ԲǾʦôܽ񹥻ֶΣʩչĵز
Сѻ˾ȰֶοҶ߱ŷԳԵʵһΪʶʱʩչ̺˾ĹҲ˸ž֮ɫ
ʵ齣ǹһУԶһЩйֹֻʵ̫ǿʦ𲻵̫á
ڶʦȴǱֵ൱ԣʦľҲǿ˶٣ѰĶʦָͲóþ£ȻΪԿǾʦˡ
֮ǰŷʶԳ֣ΪԶδĲʱΪϽزȻ൱𾪡

ŷȺŷͬһأŭһæǰȥŷ򣬼塣
ûʲô󰭣ֻҪϢָܻϵӡµҪŷŭŷȺ˵
ŷҲǰȥ˵СѵʵҲʶˣŷȫû⣬ڣŷεǧ䵱Уȡĳɼá
ͬóԵŷҵԮμǧ䡣ŷĶŷȾĿڳϴһ£ͻȻͬ
ŵһͬԥˣҲ׷׿ͬ
ҲͬóŷŷҲμǧ䣬ŷҿ϶ȡõΡ
ʵڣŷһֻѩѹһҲͬŷ
ͬ

һοͬĿŷ쵼İλԼŷȺûһ˿ڡ
ˣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ǵűɱ⡣
ʵԽǿǵвͻԽ
ΪԻŷҼ֮λĿԣܴ
رǣǧڼ죬ŷҵ֧ʣǻֱǴŷҼ֮λ˵㲻ʲôϢ
ôˣʮ֮ǧ䣬ѩٶԼС˲μӡ
ŷͲЩֵ֧ˣ˵ٸһ飬ǧǵľǻᷢ䶯ˣĹңʵͲʵǻҶûȣҵļ򻪣ʵֱư˽۷ʦ¾ǳˣÿԻ
ʲôôôǿǲ𣿰˵ڵʵŷ΢ǿЩ
ҵʵȻȻһǿôܣѵҵõĳ֧֣ǧǿŰǳҲҷﰡ
򻪵ʵȻ˶ÿԻܣѵõĳԶż𣿳˵Ϊ˵Ѿ̤˰˽ʦѰѰİ˽ʦĶ֡
ĻǧǵľƣȷҪ޴仯ˣһŷٱֲѵĻ϶ֱ˳ǧǵ̨ˡ


136 ռ
ŷĻ󣬶ʱ¶ɫһʾš
֮ǰǼŷѩΪͻͽΪŷεǧ䵱У޷öΣҲܱסĵλǿʵŷܷסĵλͳ˵ˡ
ǺǣҸǣΪСѣѩڣǧڼŷܹסĵλŷҲ֡ҪŷҶͲǼ򵥵ڵġ
ŷɫȻж¶֮ɫٶȿڣǰ̻淢飬˵˳
ŷнӿֳû뵽Ȼŷ浽һ̣
ǶСˣС˲ذŷң볽СѽΪѣСʲôõŷңŷұضȫ֮԰
СǰѩŷҰ𵤣ŷΪСʲôطҪЧ͵ģضǡ
ŷҲˣСʲôҪģܿڱǡ
ѩСŷڼ䣬ʲôҪһҪϧһ㣬ŷҽΪСǿĺܡ

ǵ֪˳ԾȻʩҹֵܣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬һӳѺ֮ɫȥ߱ϵ൱ܣһڰͽᣬʾѺá
ֻǣǵѺãԸͲᣬֻȴЩ
ڵŷң⻼
ڲûʲôʵ֮ˣȨҲѹŷҿʼûˡ
һȺˣŷ۲ΰԣʵ߳Ҳ޷ŷҷչ
ѩȥȡҪĶɡתͷŷѩ˵
ԣҡ
ǺǣģʮһŷҶȹڵңȷҪһĻֻϣʱá
Ա뿪ŷңѰһʵᵢʱ䡣ȻϲŷЩˣŷŷѩԴȴĵģֻҪЩ˲ŷҲ޷
֣кδ㣿
ڿϣҲ֪᲻һŷңϾŷҵգȷǺȥ
νһЦûʲôģʱ䣬Ҳŷɣǧֲ죬һȥ䣬ʮֱȥۿǧɡ
ȥĻҿġڵΪѾﵽһƿʮʱͻƣȥҲǲԡŷͻȻЦ˵
ŷŷȾŮŷȾŷΨһһ֧ŷˣŷٱŷѩϵҲ൱á
ȻˣЩʱ䣬鷳㿵ˡЦ˵
ʱ򣬳Ҳûм飬ŷѩĴ£ŷڲȥ
ɫ˵Į뿪ӿֳʣԹ
ԵʲôͷȻʩҹֵܣôôõ
ʩҹΪֵܣǰ;ضһƬʩҹʩҵҪʿ˵ʩ峤ĶӣпܻΪʩҵ峤
ڣǳҪ׷ŷѩĻŷѩǸŮ˿϶Ͷͱ
ҶӵŮˣһĪʩҹֵΣʱ֪ɱ㣬˭ỳңŷѩŮˣҶ¼֮λһҵĿģȻ˴¥㳢ֱŰˬ졭

ˣŷң˶ɱأԸ뿪ûãԺ
ԵЦһ˵ɱҵô࣬һûʲôһȺСˣȥɡҶֵĻҲֻǹҲˡ
ٺһЦˣû´Ļ֮Զ㶯֣ΪѩĹϵء
ѩ𣿡
ԿһԱߵŷѩҲ֪Ϊű飬ҸҪǿʵڸ֮£˳Ȼɡ
ԵĻҲĬȥ˵ЩʱദԳҲһʶ֪ԶʵĿ飬Ըȥǿ
û೤ʱ䣬ŷѩһ䷿ǰͣʮ˶ڶҵķС
˵ţŷѩƿţų˽
߽䣬һɵʱƮԵıУЩ㣬ŷѩϵζһŷѩ㡣
ȫΪšԺȻ֣ױ̨ǰľԣһС
ϸϸһСȻ齣档
ŷѩԵĿ⣬ʱֳһĨ糺죬æ˵УҴȥɡ
˵䣬ŷѩЩæһԵŲһ鼮
¡¡
ʱߵԱƶ¶˺һСš
ձƳһ΢ȶʱݳ
𣿡
΢ȣжʱӿֳһȲ첽СŴ˹ȥ
߽Сź󣬳˼ݣҵС
߽Һ󣬳ԱǷе¶ȣȻߣеĿ·һ㣬ݳһ֮С
ʯ̨ϣܹʮ˶ɫĻ档
ȭͷСʮ˶潫ڵյһƬͨ
浱Уɢļµ¶ȡ
ȻЩ¶ȣ֮ѰĻ棬Ҫǿ࡭
ôǰʮ˶棬Щ촽
ԣɣһţŵʲôµĻ;ܵȥҡŷѩһ˵
ԵͷţǾͶлˡЩȷ൱ҪҪʵ
ңͱ˵ֿĻˣȻҿɲŶŷѩЦһҲٵ󳽻ʱ䣬ֱתȥ
ŷѩ뿪ңԷٶתǰʮ˶
ЩҵԿһ̵ʱнʦΡ˸ŨŨϲɫ
ⶫΪѰһ䶼ҲǧǣҲֻҳʮ䣬ֻѰһ䣬ȡ콫ʦԪΪҲʦ
ŷѩΪ׼ȴʮ˶䣬УżƷʼõġ
ˣҵԪϡ裬ЧǷǳãҪ㻹ǵӡռɡڳԺ𣬡¶ȱȻҪ߳٣ѰĿռָװòˡĻǷʲôĻң϶ᱻֱջ١
ԣԵ˵ͷȻǾͽЩ뵽ӡȥɡ
˵꣬ȷ֣صӡеһ˿֮ʯ̨ϵʮ˶ס뵽ӡС
һҲǸŽ뵽˷ӡĿռ䵱С
ڵڷ֮Ҳ΢á
ˡ
Ըոսӡռ䣬Сӥ밢ŭæǰ


137 ̷
ʱСӥͰŭͱ֮ǰҪߴ˲٣رСӥɢһΣϢϢѰһʦ޷ӵУڵΪҲǴﵽ˾Ž۷ޣ벽Ҳֻһ
ڰŭϵϢΪۣͻƵԪޣҲ̫Զ
ţŭȥȡͻơԶŰŭԸһǽĿͶӥСӥŪ˸öҲ壬ⶫʵӦöȻõһĽ
˵ţһУڲԶʮ˶𣬶ʱƮɶڳԡ
磬ⶫʯһҵЩʯҶѾĹˣҲڳûأû뵽ھȻֻ棬ֻ棬˵һȰŭͻƵءСӥӥĿӿֳϲ֮ɫ
ŭ϶ҲŬˣǾͱٶ˵ˣ̷һɣȡͻƵޡҲʼȡͻơ
˵꣬ȡ¶Ƚϵ͵һ佻СӥһԼ
ɢ¶ȳȣ¶ԽߣʾԽ̷Чѡ
ȻǰǴܹܵסĴգȻĻ඼ᱻջ١
ڵǿȣǱѰһʦǿЩ壬пܻˡڣ
һСģ˼࣬ʧ
ڳ˵һ޴ս
ϥº󣬳ȡ׼³幦ͱ塷
ͱڻ浱нУΨоգɴͱ塣
͸߹ԣҲΪ̵ֿԲžþδͱ塷һֱڡ
ǽͱ塷ɹֻž磬ԵǿȣԻ˵һܹʦʦǾԲκġ
Ŀͱ塷ԿʼĶ
һֱȥʱԷŽա
ȻҪͱ塷õķУǡ
νǺˣǽͱ塷۷ΣôߵǣҪֲ
һԣ׷ջκһʦǣǴʦ壬ûԪİ֮£ܻˡ
𣬶ѰͽʦԿ⡣
ߵǱҪֲôһȥ˵Ԫͬһ㣬ֱӱ
һСģԴ
סͱ塷ǰԵҽ֮ž磬㲻ʹýҲʩչݡͬ׵ҲжҵĶ֡гϲм
Ȼ֪壬ޱߵʹ࣬жʵĿͷԺһ㱻ֱӹˡ
ʱ𣬳ѡнǣһˡ
ˣʮ˶㹻һʱˣǵõǺҾͿʼָƻʱЧᱶҲôʹˡƺ֪룬˵
ͷ֪¼ȻѾӵʮ˶ҾʹñǣȽûҵǺǱٻһǳؼѰ𣬻ֱʩҹæ
˵꣬һԵһᶨҲԣת𡶴ͱ塷ķ
Ƭ̺󣬳ڰյֱס
͡
ʱ䣬һ΢𣬺жһ㡣
ҵʹӳƴҧɣʹޱȡȻԻδ鵭
һΣҵҪܷĽҳԸᶨޱȣֱ԰ףеУһȥղңҾͳ㡣
Ըոս븹Уʱһɾҵȸ糱ˮ㴫ݶҪϸջ١
𡭡
ȫÿһϸޱȼʹóԺзһƲסĵͺ
䡭
Ե£˲䱻ȼճɻҽӣһ˿սζ
ͷϣһεκˮ͸գȻ˳䡣
壬˲ͨ죬һڽŻѵľ
͡
ˮոյϣֱӷһ죬һˮ
Եҧø֨죬ľʹ̲ס
ס⻹ûҵļޡ
Ȼȴޱȼᶨͱ塷Ŀھתٶȼӿ죬ʹȻᶨûһ˿һĶҡ
ûãԵ壬ͨޱȣĿӣҲǱջ١
ҺȣδͷȻͷҲԻᱻյ
ʱԵ壬ͺһ䣬һܶϵسڲÿһһ졣
ڣЩƺܵĳǣƣδԳԵ̫ҵջ١ˣڲһЩ࣬ܵ˳̶Ȳһˡ
ʱ䣬ųԵš
ʱǧǣȴǱޱȵ֣ԭ򣬱Ϊǰ̻淢һ¡
ҵǿ𣬲ۺԼ֮׵ĻҶ޷⣬ҹҼʵԶ
ܹһл߽۷ʦǧǳ˶޷⣬ʵԲѰİ˽ʦҲﵽ˰˽׺˽۷ʦ
ǰԵĹңһʱ伸˾ŵ۾
˸е𾪵ȴǣǧгһʩȾˡ
ΪߣһʦԪΪԼļµĽȻһʦΪӲʦ츳ǧǵоһָ
رǣȻʩչһطһطȻסһ߽ʦ
ֶΣʵ𾪲ѣ̾ѡ
˵֣˵ԣ
ҹϴɾ
ڻӹŻƻصֱ֮ټ˻и߲㣬һܻ顣
ܵ⣬ΧŽ顣
󣬻ӹŻ鷿
ƣշôӹվǰĻʵ
ɫصʵ̫ˣʲôʱʵôǿ˸Ͳ֪ͻȻǿ˭޷Ԥϵǵõһ³˹ʵ϶٣ʱ˵ǻң¾ǳٺԡ
˼˵óǧǵһλ𣿡ӹɫƽʵ
Ƶͷһλãǿ϶ҪóҾã̻ͻȻ֣Ҳǳ֡
ôʵȷ̫ǿˣ̻᲻֣ǧǵУ²Ķ֣ǲ֪ȻͻƵ˸߽ʦΪλҪôãѵùҳΪǧǵǰĹңǧμӶûμӰ
ǧУЩʵļ壬ǧж϶ᾡȫΡΪԽߣֵõԴԽࡣ


138 Ƶ
ȻǰǧУұ˵ȫˣǾǧ䶼ûμӡ
ݹڵΪԿ϶һǣǰ߽ʦΪ
ˣǾͲȥˣǾ͵ȳķӦɡҹѷᣬҲΪðȥԸҡȻˣΪǧǵһ壬øΣ
ӹĮ˵ƺͲںǧǵһڵһĵλǱסҲҪµڶΡ˶ûʲô⣬ŷҡҲˣ˵ԣŷѩʵͻƵʦʱӦ
Ժŷѩô۾𣬡ͷİɣŷѩȻͻƵʦҼһսҲǧ֮ǰԽΪһͻƵʦʱŷѩ϶ҵĶ֡ڳԡ
ʩչطĻҵаնԸʩչط˵ң¾ǵ㣬ҪԸҲôװɣ
ȷԵ׹˵һһĸ߽ʦÿ׶ԸӹͷģһӦʱԲμǧ䣬ǻһ¶ƣʩչط
ԣһǿҵţʩչطĻǰһ

ɱǸԣһҪɱ
һҵУϹƵ޺ը졣
һּӲɣڽ֮ϣǶŴϸСҹ飬硣
ʱҵУվˣϹ֮⣬ϹѩҲС
ڵˣһԼʮӣɢһֵϣ⣬һ˿ϢϢԾģһɭ䡢ĸо۾ͬӥգʱ˸֮ɫرϹƵĺ˫۾Уһɱ⡣
ӣǧǵĵһ֣Ű˽ʦΪǧǳϹٽ
常ǿ϶Ҫ취ģԲڣ֪ŷҵУŷڣҪ϶ô򵥡һ̻֪ˣǳ˵һ鷳Ϲٺ۾˵ڳԣͬɱ⡣
ǸԳԶֵ꣬ͬҪ취֮
ˣԵǾͲȥˣлһԳֽСնɱȥҲ鿴³˹˭óġ
ʱϹٽڿڣĵģȴǸ³˹ˡ
ѵ뽫һǧ˰ٿŰ𵤸Ū֣һǧ˰ٿŰ𵤣ǳλ߽ʦϹٺĿһ
ϹҲֹͣ˷ŭĿϹٽ
Ϲٽ΢΢ҡͷһǧ˰ٿŰȻҪ취Ū֣Ҹ֪ǣǸ³˹ˣϻûеڶ׵׹׹ѾܾûгˣһγұȻҪúò̽ٵõһ׹˵ҵʵͻƣʱ˵ǹ򻪣ʩǸŮˣҶôɵ
ѵѾаճŽʦˣϹ¶һĨϲ֮ɫ
˲֪ϹٽΪΪϹٽΨһĵܵܣȴ൱ϹٽΪȻǴﵽ˰˽۷壬ֻһͿԳŽʦ
һɹͻƵ˾Žʦôǧǵĵһ֣С
Ȼųǧǵһ֣ʵϣ̻ʩǧĵһ֡
ϾŽʦΪǣܶԿ
Ϲٽҡͷ˵ֻɰգܹõһ׹³˹һȫѪôͻƵİգﵽٰ˳ɡ
ģһὫǸһﾾû׹Ҳ뾡һа취Ūһ׹Ϲĵ˵ܹ̻³˹ȫ̻һƵִ½ӴʶھȥץļˣȻ׹˵Ϣ
ţȥɣǧ¶ˣ˵ʩң̻ҲܹǵġϹٽ˵ͷ
ǵʩҵȷǣʩҵͿӹɽһǣǳǱɽһǣɽһٴΡ
ǧǵе̻ᣬʵȻǺǿųĸ߽ʦиʩôһλǿľŽʦͬǳܶԿ
ǵʱǻԲŷҶ֣Ƭ̣ϹٺͻȻʵ
Ϲٽ΢΢ͷһĨĲмŷΪ£˳Ծܱסĵλʱһ֪㳽԰ǣŷҲ֡
ǧǵ嶼ڳǶϣڷشڳȴǺٻн츮ۡǽΪƫƧ
ڳȴһͻֱζرǵ̻鴫Ǳǧ˵֪
ң
ǰļ壬ڽͻȻٷչǳ׵ǧǡ
ԭжһΪҵĲƸȻǱ֮׵ĻһҪۺһǧ˰ٿŰ𵤣µһ³˹ǹҼʵȻֱӳԽֱǧǵһ֣ǧǳϹٽ
ʹùҵķͷһʱﵽʢ
ȻʱڹУȴһŨŨɭ䣬һ˵˶ûС
ûУǲң
ڷţһΪһС¶۵ִ£ȻֱӱҼһƻС
ִµΪȻѾﵽʦ
ûκԣͲԷĵĻᣬֻһɣֱӽС
Уִ·ٴĹܽУ΢𷣣ϾʦΪִ£ȻǼе۷ʧһڼ˵˽ǡ
磬ǸԵ뿪ǧǣֱӶֱɡ
ִµʬϳ󣬹򻪵Ķܹæ˽ˣЩ˵ˣΪĶﵽʦ΢ߵģȻǴﵽ߽ʦ
ЩƽڹҶܻ¶棬˹ҵˣ֪ŶôǿʵЩǷǧУҪǿͿ
ڹǰȴսս߳Ȼһ㳤¿뿪
򻪼Щִ볤߳̾һڳĲǳǸСӣͻȻã̻ᱳʵֲ̫Ǳ֪ǵĵϸǹҿ϶ֱӱǸĨ
αǳȻ絣ǵĵϸᱻ֪취Ǹϳǧǲˣ˵
һԵĹҲǿ˵Բʩǰ㲻ó֣ͽҺͶȥǣǽ̻ôҲ㲻ʲô£ֻҪǧǵ̻ᶼìܣǵ̻ǧǣ϶ǿȥˡ
ǰ磬ǹеؾʵӸ߽ʦھֶȫ߽ʦԾֶ츳ò˶ãǧǾͿԶһ棬Ҫ㶯֣ͿԴǽ鷳


139 ͱ
ڵһòĵŮӣŮװұɢһĸо
羪츳ܲ⺢ҵָ£ʮ߽ͣʦٹ꣬ϹٽǸƥ򣬶ǾĶ֡
ƺͨʲôĿ£Ҳٶ룬죬һεǧ䣬ͱμˣõܾȥɣ۷ʦΪſ԰ǹȡǧǵһλá㣬ڼúȡһ߽ʦ
ǧ䱾ͲǺܸȤʱôһ˵ʱͷҲ˵ʲôȻĽʦȻ˸ǿҵš
Ǹԣһԡ˸Ѫ֮⡣

Գ̷ڣѾȥʱ䣬ʱԵ巢˾޴ı仯
տʼԵͺһ䣬羫һչͨޱȡ˺棬ֱӱúͿѪ쵽Ŀ
ֺ죬ȴǸһ־Ө͸֮С
ʱԺ붨ɮ۾δһΡ
ֻϵϢȴǲϱǿһʦһ׺ʦһ֮ǰֱһ۷ʦ
˴˿̣ϵϢٶȷҲƺˮҪϻ

ڣһɹȵĻ治ϳࡣ˿̣ԭ˵ĵطѾȫָҸٱñǰǿᡢӲգԽٶˡ
ĵǼӲԪҲǾޱȣϴɢݳޱȴ֮С
ͻưɡ
ĳʱ̣ԵĺͻȻһɳƵĵͺɢĵȣȻùޱȣĿ˲䱻ˮ
ϵϢֱ
䡭
һ˲䣬ͣһ۷ʦʱϢȻǣͳ赲ɹﵽʦĲΡ
ңû֮ǵϢڽûκֹͣ˼
ͺǺ
һΣǹ˰ʱϵϢֱ˶ʦ
ʱϢֹͣ¡
ʱԵһ񣬸һ־Ө͸֮УɢŻԪ֮⡣
䡭
˫һȵϢʱɢƻɽһ㣬緢ޱȵ
ˣϲɹͻƣͱ塷ž硭
Ըո۾ǴӲԶ˹Ц˵
𣿡ҲЩϲɫظܵԼȻǽڶʦĵزȴǷʵĸı䡣
رǣȫ£·ǹһ㣬һȭŻϢԵɵ˺̶ȣ֮ǰ֪Ҫ߳ٱ
ģͬʦսʩչʩչԷսܹ׽ܡ
ۺʵаһ׳ʦʦԶаϱֲܡ
֮ǰǾ޷ġ֮ǰƴͣҲǿһ׳ʦһԵüΪǿ
ˣ״̬ҪҪͱ塷ȡһСɣ˵
ҡҡͷȻ״̬ܺãҪͱ塷Сɾ磬ҲҪʱ䣬Ҹûôʱ䡣һ߾ȻԪΪҲһͻƵʦɡ
ͷҲУɽ֥ÿľͻơ
ڵľԪΪЩѾﵽһ۷ʦͻƣǿԴﵽʦ
Ҫһʱ䣬ɽ֥ȴò˶á
ˣˣɽ֥Ļ󶥶ֻľﵽ׳ʦҪþ̶ȴﵽͬһΣ൱СͻȻ˵
ɽ֥ҩЧޣԽҲΪ˸ͻƵʦڴﵽʦȴû롣
Ͼ֮ǰҲûϵȻ˶̵ʱʦ
ڴˣЦŵ׳ʦͶ׳ʦɣЩʩҹһŪҩ
ˣʵи취ð취ɽ֥пܹľһʦŶٺЦ
ʲô취ɽֻ֥ܽҵľ׳ʦҪʦѶȿɲһ󰡡Զɽ֥ҩЧҲǳϾʶ㣬յ͸ܼȻлЩɣȻЩϲ⡣
˵Ŀ԰ʦء
Ц˵ˣѰ̷֮ɽ֥ȷֻܽľ׳ʦɽ֥ÿľ𣿡
⡭ⲻǾʦͬʱҩΨоʦŻȥֻιãֱҡͷ
ûгΪʦ츳ҪԣڹҲûʲôʱԡһûɹΨһһɽ֥Ҳ˷ˣǲ˷۱
ȻЦˣԼҲ̫ûˡİɣ¾ͬ¾ͬʱֻ߶ɽҩЧӷɽ֥ҩЧﵽһ߲Ρûܽ¾⾳Ҳκʧ
֮ôΪóԾЩӴӴʦ硣ȻǿȡԪ֪Ҫʲôʱܿ뾫ʦĴš
ĳȻ֪˷ĻڳƬ̣ǵ϶ẦڻǵͷȻҾģ¾̷ɽ֥
šûȴ·ɡ

æӿռָȡһ·ٴϡ
ȡ֮ǰ¾
¾³˹һԪ۷Ĺ֮ǰ˵¾ļֵѰ׹ܱȡ
ԭܼ򵥣ԽףԳΪ׹Խ۷֮ʱһ˿ꡣ
һ꣬ײԪ۷ĹпٶȽףΪ˫׹
¾Կʼ
֮ǰͷĹ¾׹֣Ѫдɣɱһ׹һɱ¾磬һУ԰Ρ
ǵڶηģ¾ĳǺܴ󣬳ԺܿӦ
Ӧ󣬳ԱǿʼĶ֣˼
ʵ࣬Ե޷ǾǵĲ֮ͬڶԾá
һЩΪªھǼ١
ںЩ˻ϸþǻоĹʽ
Ĺи֣
ƿһͬߵУ߾ԿɱһߡΪ߳һ׵ߣ϶ԼĿһСҲͬ³


140 ¾
ɱ
ҪѶȲνѾֱƳΪʦ
ҪΪһʦҪԾãﵽһΪ̵ĳ̶ȡ
һԣֻھ漫츳ˣΪʦĿԲŻ㣬Ƴ־ԪΪͬһεˣҪΪʦѶȼһ
֮˲ٿؾתǬܿժǶ£¾졣
ԿĻ𽥱䡣
ʱɢһ˿ľ񲨶
ɲȻޣȴ൱죬Ѱľͬɾ񲨶תɾʱΧԪȻͬˮ㣬ë׵зӿȥ
¾¾޷ǿƾ¾һС֮ѰȷҪܶ࣬൱ԵȻþɿеԪǿгȡ˾еľ
꡶¾󣬳ԵɫУѾǸֳ𺳡
¾ѰԼѰ˳
¾ûֱǽߵľ¾ҲûʲôȴǿʩչȻںϻ߸ΪһָΪ
ҪΪһʦҪԼԾĿƾ磬ﵽĵز
һԣ߶ԾĿƷΪ׶Σ׶ȵֱ΢ϡ
΢Ծľƿأڴ齣һԾƿس̶ȱѰҪ֪߳٣׶ǲԶ
ϣҪ߿һĶãһĶõ£ּͬУšܴﵽһΣͬ׵УǴڶΣԽս׾١
񣬿вٿؾԲٿԼ޵ꡣܴﵽһΣô߱ǿԲٿޣٿس̶ԽߣܿƵԽࡣ
Ҫﵽ׶Σһжѵóһ
Ҳ֪ѶȣԲžԼûгΪʦϣ
޷Ϊʦ¾Ҫġ
¾޷ΪһʦľȴǿԵõ
Ҵʱ¾ľԸͻƵ׳ʦʦ
¾Ȼûֱӵȴ֮֮ҲҪ֮ܽżž㲻ʹɽ֥ҵľҲͻƵʦ
Դʱԡ¾ѾһΪʶ
ϥã
ʼ¾ΧԪǷӿȥ·ǳʶĶǿ⡣

ڳԽ¾ת֮ʣԵľ磬Ʒ΢죬һ˿ڡ
ľ磬ɫľƮš
š¾תɾƱƿסΪйɵ䶯š
Եľ绹ûʲô仯ʱȥ֮󣬳ԱǺȻ֣Լľ֪ʱøΪȻ֪ȴǱ֮ǰҪǿϲ١
̶ȥò˼ʱ䣬Ҿܽ¾żˡ
ʱվһԵķͻȻˣ̷ɽ֥ɡ
ĻҲûԥֱӴӿռָнɽ֥ȡ˳
ɽ֥ŰưСͨھӨһȡһɵζ㴫
ϸֳһĨ׹⣬ɽ֥סһϢɢݶֱӽɽ֥еҩճſڣ˿С

ɽ֥ҩһ볽ԵڣԵľУһĨ֮ס뾫硣
ɲǼ䣬Եľ磬һߣһ꣬˲
رǾеĵɫۿɼٶȣ
ǵɫǾ
¾һɽ֥ҩЧȻᷢӵ˳̶𣿡
ܹز𾪵ͬʱҲ־ϲ
ľʹﵽһ۷ʦȥò˶೤ʱ䣬ľǻͻƵ׳ʦ

ȻǹȥʱԾеĵɫȻǣ֮ǰǿһ
׳ʦ
ʱǵõͻơ
ңеľڼŶʦš
ʦ
ֹȥһӵʱ䣬ԵľٶȱǣӶ׳ʦֱӴﵽ˶ʦ
ڳͻ֮ʣ磬Ƶõĳļӳ֣ɢһ첨еľ֮֮ǰ֪Ҫ˶١
ľȻǶʦԲѷɫڶ׺ʦ
ͻˡ
˫ۣ˸ž⣬Ļꡣ
ˣû뵽ôͽ¾žˣľ֮ǰҪ˲٣ޱȾͬ׵мû˿ȡһ˵
ԳԵ൱˽⣬񳽻ھ棬ȷЩ衣
٣ͬеߣȿ϶ûԱȵ
΢΢ͷ̾ȷǷͬѰȻ˵ˣ룬ҲųžЩƤëҪţҪҵľﵽ߽ʦǴʦĲΡ
¾ȻԪ۷εĹҲ׹Ȼ¾ȴ׹ܱȡ
ȻδҲʶһЩ๦ȻЩʵǲ¾ȡ
ϧˣڵľ̫ˣ¾е֮ϵ¾һĨΡ
¾е֮ʩչԲɶֵľںϻɶʩչ
ֶΣĪ⡣
ҪƿأҪǿľΪܡ
֮൱Եãпܻ߻ħ飬
ˣڸͲȥ֮
ȻһЦˣѰ¾Ȼǲϰ֮ȴǲõľܵɡ
õģĿһĿһɨ˵֮
ٺ٣ǣ
ʱˣҲҪúϤһӡˡ
о̾ӡȻǷͬѰȻ¾ʱ򣬱粻˺
ȻֱǷǳ޵ģиֹԵľ磬ӡû㹻Ȼ޷ĵֿ
Ȼˣڱ㳢֮
оϲûκԥٶȱ۾ʼ
Ҫ֮ʵҪھһ˿֮
ֱ֮Ѫ֮
֮Ҫĵֻ߰Ҫеľзֽ⣬ۡ
Ϊת¾зֽ⣬ԵеľɹֽɾǻѰľͬ


141 ʦ
֮ͬܽľһɰԵ
ɿռеԪҲɶֹľɶʩչ
ַٷְٳɹǿľΪ֧ţҲŲⷢûǿᾫΪ֧ŵߣļʸǼ
͡
¾ת󣬳Եľ磬Ǳһ΢ĺʱأһ˿΢͸뾫統У뾫С
ɫľڴ˿̺ˮӣֽš
ֽ⿪ɫҲ΢ĺ⡣
ʱԾп˵־һǵɫδֽľһ΢챻ֽ˵ľ
־ĲȻ΢ɫľУȴɢһ΢΢ذԵϢ
ȥ΢ɫҪɫһ㡣
ڣ¾תڼ䲢ûⷢ
̣е൱˳κ谭
൱򵥡
͡
ȻеľֽԼĪһ֮ʱԵɫȻ΢԰ȣһ㡣
ָоͺһͨڳѪѪҺ̫࣬
еľеѪҺ
Եľۺ񣬵һľܽԺϮһɹǿҵС
˿̣¾Ѿת£ʱͣԻ⵽ҷɣΪ½Ժܾ޴𵴣Ϊ׳ǡ
ֻǵ÷֮ˡпЦһľ̫ˡ
ڣŷ֮Ե̫ľ״⡣

ĸоδ̫ʱ䣬һȦȦɫֱ͸ľС
Ƿ֮
ʱľͺǸѵأӿȪˬޱȡ
֮ȻǰҶȹѹ˰
дˬоϲ
û˺֮ǣת¾ٶȱǿʼӿ졣
еľܿͱȫֽ⿪΢⡣
ֽ󣬾Ҫʼˡ۳ɹӦñǿƿ֮˰ɣŨŨڴ
û̫ͣͣԼת¾Ʈھе΢ɫ飬һ𡭡
֮ǰ෴֮ǰҪɫȫֽ⿪һΣҪ΢ɫһ𡭡
ۣͣۺֽѹ
ҪģǼת¾ʱһЩ֮뵽磬ȷ粻ᷢκ⡣
͡
ܿ죬Ծ統е΢쾫£ٶۡ
̣֮ǰҪɲ٣ΨʱϽΪڼ䲢ûκⷢ
е΢쾫𽥱ø죬ֱѪ졭
ֻǣԭƯŵһž˿ȴȫʧһѪɫơ
ѪƵУɢ쳣ԵϢɢݶľǰĶʦӾԼͻƵ׺ʦơ
ˣѾ۳Ѫ֮ˣ߶Ѫ֮ʱǿԷ˹ľԼֱɵȻԪҲǿͬɣرǵ˵ԪȻԽࡣϵϢ仯˵
ԾеѪƣѪ֮֮
˫ۣͷŷ֮ҹȻǿ۳Ѫ֮Ǻ뿴ʩչѪƵʵﵽʲôΡ
ںһʵڷӡռ䵱ȴǲУСӥͰŭޣͲ⣬ΨսſԲԳ
˲Լڵʵ֮ǰԻһҪ
ͬҲαչصĿġ
뾫ﵽ˶ʦҵԪȴſﵽһʦǸýԪ뾫ͬĲˡ
һһѵİ𵤣ʱϡ
ȡ󣬳ֱӰͷһȥ
𵤶ھŽ߳һʦЧܴ󣬵ʦ֮ϣһŰȡõЧ㲻̫ԡ
һ̷Ű𵤣ȫ㹻Ԫʦ
̷°𵤹󣬳Լٴ߶¾

ʱŰ˲仯Ԫܿ죬һ볯ŵ۶ȥ
𵤵ЧԪһ̲ŴԪ൱
˰̲صԪת¾֮ʱӡռеŨԪҲͬˮӿȥ
ʱ򣬳ԵͺһУ֮İԪ
ĵеģеԪǳĵۡ
ʱ䣬ȥ
ϵϢʱ䵱УҲֱ֮ǰһʦһ׺ʦһ۷ʦ
̣ʱ䡣
ԪΪﵽһ۷ʦϵϢٶȣͣͶ¡
һͣͣͣ˽졣
죬ԵԪΪͻƵ˶ʦ
ͻƵʦ󣬳Եûͣ£δٶȡ𵤣ֱӽ
ʱת¾ʱڷӡռȡԪȻǽӽŰ̺Ԫ
ңת¾£𵤵Ԫ£ҩЧ߷
˵¾Ҫ˷嵽ʮŰ𵤣ſԴﵽʦ
Ȼô𵤶ڳ˵㲻ʲôȴǱ¾ԣԼӡռеԪ֮Ũ
ͻˡ
һֱʮ֮ʣϵԪٶȱǣθһΣﵽ˶ڡ
ʦΪǴﵽˡ
վͫ׵˸ű˵ľâ
ʱϢȻڣȻǸһּΣյϢѰĶʦǶ۷ʦӵС
ϲΪɹͻơǰЦ
˷֮⣬ڷ󣬻Сӥ밢ŭߵжһ˿ϲɫ
ͻˣ
Цŵ˵ͷܿ죬ĿСӥͰŭϡĸӦ֮£Сӥ밢ŭϵϢ֮ǰǿһء
ޣ
СӥǰŭɢϢȻȫﵽԪޡ
ǵˣҺСӥѾͻˡŭͷ˵
ˣ֮ǰѾɹͻƵԪһƷˡҲЦŭѾԿ˵ˣСӥȴܿ˵
СӥͻƵԪ޻ܿ˵üͷ΢壬֪Եɣܿ죬һȻѵΪСӥԶӥԶӥȻڱ࣬ȱѪҪϡ츳ǿ
˵ͻƵԪޣǿԿ˵һͻƵ޺޷˵ģڱ࣬űѪ츳߳
츳Խߵޣ˵ʱԽ
ԶӥѪǱȱ޻Ҫϡ츳ߡ
뿪˵ֻǽΪǴﵽ׻ߺףſԿ˵


142 ǰ̨
ˣҾҾ뿪˵úݣҵƺõˣڵļУȻһЩİǼ䴫ġСӥͻȻڳԵԺ
ĿһѵǴйȻСӥѪͬѰĳɾͿ϶ҲἫߣһҪú
ı޻ԶʵտʼʱжİϢðϢеǹĶеһЩΪ֪ܣе
Ĺֻʺޱ˵࣬ޣ
ҿ϶Ŭģʵȥ˵ŸĴм֣ʱ˵йϢСӥ˵ͷֵˣȻҲŸոͻƵԪһƷޣҵʵԲʦ밢ŭ֣ʦԻɱʱʲô鷳ͽҺͰŭٻȥҶѾܾûˡ
Цһͷģʲô鷳£Ҳǿġ˶ٸңʱٸŪ
Խ˶СӥǰСӥ⣬಻ͬǻʯ𣬶˺
˶𣬶СӥҲ𵽼á
ǧҲҪʼˣȷŷҰɣǻ֣˵ż
ʮʱŷҵ˲δҲóԵԵΪ徻Ϊûκͣ͡
һֱӳҵСûͣȥ
ԣˣ
Ըո߳ңվȺõŷѩ¶Ц⡣ŷѩĿڳϴƬ̣ЦʧתһƬ𾪣Ϊôô죿ʮǰԪΪһ׳ʦھͶʦˣ⡭
Ϣչ֮ǰȫǽȻͬر˫۾ط·ܹ͸꣬һУƤҲǾӨͨ͸ů
ŷѩǷˣΪܾԳ߳󣬷е¶Ⱦ˲٣ҿеԪҲþ·һ롣
ֱӵģǳϵϢȻǴﵽ˶ʦ
ʮʱ䣬һ׳ʦʦٶȣŷѩûǧǣû顣
ʱһ׳ʦʦʱԼ׹Ҳµʱ䰡
Ȼԣȴǽʮ죬Լ١
ʱŷѩŻȻһǰ֮ʱԲһ˽ߡ
̶һʱ䣬óԴӰ˽ߣ˶ʦô
ŷѩжʱ𾪣ǲš
Ǻǣܹô죬ҲΪһЩΪˣԺҪɲôסЦҡҡͷû߹ŷѩһǰ۷ߡ
̾Ȼҵٶȿ죬ںȣҲ㲻ʲô
ŷѩϣѾʵȻδͻƵĽʦȴȻﵽ۷ʦ
ʣ治ǳܱ⡣
˵߱ٶȣ϶ᱻ
ܹɾͣǶ㡣ŷѩҡҡͷû̫Լʵ̫ϣ˵ʵ֮ô죬ȫǳԵĹ͡
ֻ㹦ʵܹԼҲϹǣȥ㸸أ
ŷѩأǾһǰ̨˵ͻῪʼ
Ҳûʱ˰ȥɡ
˵ţŷȥ
ʱŷҵڶϲԼһӵܣڴˡ
ó΢΢Щȴǣʱ򲻽ҲһǺŷվһ𣬲˿ȥΪܵӡ
СѣˣԸ߽˵Ŀ˹ȥŷӭŷŷȾ˶ǽ档
ͷǰַ˿ŷˣǸرȭλõˡ
Щ˿ˣȻΪŷҺãô˵Ҳ޿ɺǡ
ȻɫܵĮԴƺ̫ϡ
ǿŷŷѩڣεǧ䵱УòһҲܹõǰ
СѣڵʵŷĿڳɨһ飬жʱӿֳŨŨ𾪣ϲû뵽̶ʮʱ䣬ΪȻôࡣ
ŷڳܵģǶʦԪڳܿеԪԼ¶ȵ쳣ڳԵ֮£ûз¡
ʱ˷ŷ˳ǶʦԪʱǵҲӿֳһŨҵ֮ɫ
ʮ֮ǰԵʵܻõһǵĲУԿŰ𵤣ֻܹԪһ۷ʦȻȴӲؽԪ˶ʦ
ֲٶȣǧǵУһָ֮ǰŷѩٶȣûֲɣ
һȻͻˣҲҪŬˣȻҪϳҲߵԵǰ˵ֻȴȫֻϲеҪŬֻ֪˵˵ˡ
ԹһЦȷŬʱŬɡ
˵֮ʱĿЩŪζƳһۿԵŷ١
һܲܲҪô˵˵ϼŷЩ죬ʱ˳ǰһȭ
㾹ȻңҿǸ˻˰ɡЦŷ壺ŷ壬ʱˣȥ̨Σ
ã
ŷͷ󣬳Աֳ齣ŷȥ
ǧą̊́ǧǵ֣ǧһֵǧУ˳֮׵ĻңۡҲǽڴˡ
ֵĴʯɣ·ȫ㹻·ߣǸַԼ̣һЩС̯ﵹǽΪټȻû̶ֳֵ̯ȣǧȴһָ
ԭ򣬳ΪǧڴˣΪϣߴĻ̨
ǧʱ˽Ѫ¼Ҳв١ʵЩĵνһĳЩ˽г˿пܻὫ䱳ǣʱ򵥶ͨ˽пܻݱĶģƴ
ֱԭ򣬽ǧۺʵ½
ˣö֮ǧǱһ涨Ҫ׼طУֻڻ̨ϽУɳ֣һһ䱳¶ˣΥȨгΡ
ǧǻ൱߱ϵģ壬ҲӡˣǧǺٷѪ¼Щ֮Թֱӵ̨
ÿͻᷢһΡ
һ̨ǻŴǰۿŲٵ˽Ѻע̨ܱҲ޴仯ַǷ
̨Ϊֵʱ򣬻ǧǸ֮ÿһεǧ䡣


143 ʩĵ
ǧǵֻҪܹɳͲʮʦǿԲμǧ䡣ǰԷֵǧеľ󲿷ֲҵ
Щҵֻõһɣ㹻һ峤ǧǵĶˡ
˿˵ǧǧǵĸ˵һĪĻܹǰ壬ôۺʵԻֱʮ
˵㣬ǵļӵܽǰ壬ôǵĿ˵Ǵؤ˸̣˵һҹҲΪ
ÿһǧ䣬ǧǶַǷ
գھ˵㻹аʱ֮ʱ֣ѾΪɽ˺ر̨ܣǺѹѹһƬ
ǴϿȥͺǿ䶯ţ׳ۡ
һ̨棬ڷһ̨̨һΡ
ʱڸ̨ϣԼǧĴѾ룬ΨŷҵλϣûһӰ֡
ùãֵʵֲǲ֪Ȼһʦսʦܹ⣬ʮ죬Ҹұ֤һεǧ䣬ԲĶ֡
ڸ̨ϣ˳Լ壬̻̻ˣ߽ʦ⣬ʩʩҹ
ʱʩҹһεضʩ˵ΪڸոգƳʩеһ˿ǡ
ʩҡҡͷ᳽֮һҪȡһͱǿˣǰҲ̫⡣ֻҪ̻ڣʩڣԻŷңû˸Ҷһë
ùãⲻǴ
㰴˵תˣ
ʩȥƺЩߣʩҹüͷʱ
֪˹ùãȳԳˣһת
ʩʩҹóʩԲڿЦ
ԣʩŵͷüȴǽš
ǰ죬ǵõϢĴ壬Ϊ˱סλãȻʹҩúӵǿʵ
رǻңֱӳʦ
ʩĵģʮＫΪĹҡ
ʮʱʩһֱڼռ鱨Ҫ֪
ڽϣǵõϢһĻ䵱УȻһͻƵʦĻƣҪǿϲٵӵܡ
Իطʹãصǣʩȴǵ֪ǰĴͨЭ̣һ¾ڻڼ䣬˶ֻʹԼʵʹطֶǿΪᱻֱӰʸ
ЩʩŽĵģǲ֪ΪΣʮǰΪǰȭ³˹䱳ǳԵϢȻ˸й¶ȥˡ
Ϣй¶һ൱Σ˰Խ룬ʩüø
ʱ·ȺкȻһɧʩĿȥǿŷ岢еӰ
ǵӰУһԵӡ
һĻʩĿУɵøֳһ˿Σǲļһﰡ֪һεǧ䣬ǽķâȫڵâأ
Ȼôôһǧ䣬Ĳһְ
Ըոʱͷˣ顣˿̵˻̨ǺѹѹһƬûһյء
һ̨ŷҵ˾ԾǰſǰȺӲǷֳһ·
˳·ԺŷŸ̨ȥ
ڶ󣬸ŷҵĸ߲Լһ֡
Ӵŷ壬ŷһղһˣȻһ˸㲢ߣһ𣬼ֱǶ
ŷҷŵλŷ볽Զ˸ոԱ߱һ
˵ˣ֮ǰһ棬ԪҼԪɷ硣
ŷһŷҵ黹ֲԪɷ죬㻹ǹܺԪҵ°ɣǧϾҪʼϣԪܹλãȻûö
ԪɷһЦЦƵģԪұֲλã뵣ܷסλõģӦŷҰɣŶˣҲˣŷһòƺͲĴ尡
Ԫɷ⣬ȥ緢Ƴһ۳ԣǲм
ŷҾ㲻ԮҪסλҲ׾٣ߣԪңΪŪʦһܹסλãŷЦһԪɷĻͲĿԪɷļɨһۣŷЦζ
㡭
Ԫɷû뵽ŷȻôһڲӣɱӿͬʱЦһԪٻʦŷңŷѩһʦμǧͨ嶼ȲϣʱҾͿμλ֮λ
̨ϣԪɷ仰ŷĿҲ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ŷοҪʧˣ϶ǾóŷѩǸԵļһҲԶԸһʦŷҾпܼλλˡ
ԣ˵ʩչһطʩչطԶԸ߽ʦѾĴ˵ãڻڼʩչطԶȡʸ񣬶ʵܹǿӦһʦһεǧ䣬Уŷҵʵȫס
壬壬ҲźüʵѷɫǶ٣ԼĻ̨زס
ߡ
ŷһδȥΧ˵ۣתһԵĳԣ̸

ʱȻȥ̨˵ʱڵ
Ű˵ʱĵֵȺ𽥱ð
ϹٽĿһۣƫͷھԶŷ볽ԣŷӦԮɣ
֪кηԸŷ볽ͣ½̸䲻ȵػӦϹٽ
ϹٽЦһҲŷ̬ȣĮ֪ƿһֿԿ߽ʦطڻڼʩչطһвĶְɣԡ
˶ˣطͨɫҿɲʩչģǧ䣬ֻΪսʩչط
ǵһϹٽԻȴԵ൱ƽΨǴЩĲм
Ĵ˵ã׼ڻڼʩչطŷ͵õϢŷҲ˵𡣶ԴˣԸͲ⣬ڵΪ㲻÷ƿ壬ҲаӦⳡ䡣
ϹٽųԵ۾΢΢𣬡ҵҪʵǿʲôزˡ
һúñ֣óʧϹٽϣԸܵһ˿ѹֵɱҲƤЦⲻЦ˵
ϹٻϹٽĶӣԿϹٻһֻƣϹٽ뽫նɱΪϹٻ֮Բ֣ȫΪŷ̻ʩҵڡ
֣ЩʲôñֵģһȺΪζֶεİ׳գλûŷǰ壬ǧǣŷҲĸȥһͻȻӳԵʩҹ


144 Ƶǿ
ŷɫʱϲԼǶĶˣʩҹĿеĵλɲһ߰
Цһлʩֵ̧ⳡҲĳЩ˸ٿأΪԼŪ˼ֳʤȯա
ߣˣƤʲôãҵҪڻ̨ϣȭŻ᲻ƤһϹٽһֱվ
վ󣬻̨µȺȫð˵Ŀⶼۼϡ
Ƕ֪ǧϾҪʼˡ
ڰ˵ʱѵǧÿһǧ䣬ڿʼϹٽĿƽȳ俪ʼ
һǧ䣬⣬ʮ屨μӡǧ乲֣Уһ̨ϳǰ壬ڶսϳյ塣֮
Ϲٽ俪ʼ󣬱㿪ʼĸֹأǧڼ䣬вѡֹֽʹκط뵤ҩȡ޲ʸ⣬ڼһ䣬һ׼ٳ֣Υ洦áλû⣬λѡֵ̨ʼǩɡ
Ϲٽ£̨·ˣһװǩͲֱŻ̨
ϻ̨ĲѡҲվŻ̨ȥ
֣տŵٶ
Ըոմվ𣬶Ͼ˿ϵ
ЦһĿϵļ򣬡İɣڣ¡
˵꣬˱¸̨̨
֪ŷҵĶ֣壿վڻ̨ϣĿ·ɨţ˸ž⡣
ϹٽһͲ¸̨ʱڸ̨棬վʮˣʮ˷ֱʮһĴ
ǿʼǩǼ彫Ż̨Ϲٽʮ˵˵䣬ĿҲϴ
ܿ죬ĿһȥʮͷϣһӦþǹҵĹơҹȻ׾ˣСһʵȻôǿ֪ĸᵹùϹҡ
ЩϹٽĻǰȥϵͲгһǩ
ǩϣһϣֱǹԪŷ
ҳең֪ܲܽһܡãǻҾˡǻңһ̨òμˡ
ڳ˻ңУҵʵǸǿҲŷ΢õ㡣˹ңǲŲȥμ̨ˡ
ҳеľŷңˣ˵³ҿֱӳΪˡ
ΪʲôҳеǻңݼԣҵĻʵѾﵽ۷ʦˣҶûһ˿һİաֻܵյսˡ
Ԫң湻ùģ˭ҹơ㻹뱣סλãֻǵյڶֵսˡ
ʮ˳ǩǩϵϣɫ죬Щ쳣˷ܣҲвٵɫѿ
ʵǧУٸ壬Щʵβһʵļ֪֮λҲñμǧ䣬ڼɺӵܵˡ
һβμǧģʮ塣ʮУֱһŻ̨ǲسǩֱϻ̨ʮǩÿ߸֮һбԡ
ȻѾǩôھԼˣϻ̨ٶȳǩɣףǺˡϹٽ˵˸̨
̨·ʮ鲻һ߻Լ壬볤һ󣬾ʹϻ̨
һ⵹ǲˡǵ̨ĶʮһˣĿƽȴ˿
ʮһϵϢܹܵĴĶǵΪձ鶼ܸߣ϶ﵽ˶۷ʦŲٴﵽʦ
ϣȴᵽŨҩϢ
ȻЩΪ֮˸ߣǷΪҩ
ߣŷѩΪ۷ʦŷ٣ǶʦȽ֮£Щ·硣
ԸЩˣȴ൱ģû˿ѹ
󣬾ͿʼԱ˼š
ߴ壬ֱ³ҡҡ̼ҡľҡҡҡң³ľһзҵʵǿоﵽʦ
ǰ˴壬ֱɳһǩ֣鵽ڼһ̨ԡ̨ϵĿ䵭˵
ж߳һˣǰϵͲгһǩ
ŷұϵǿȻŷѩȴǳȥǩԳǩ󣬶˵ŷǵĳ
Ըո˵꣬һźµЦһŷεùˣľҲڵĳʱҾͿŷԮʲôܹʦ
ľףľһԭΪȻﵽʦҩӲǽΪ׳ʦʱͻƵʦʵ൱ǿᡣ
ŷȻһŷѩһʦкãľҿʦһһ۷ʦǾҪŷܡ˵ľһŰµ꣬ϢȻЩƯȣҲǴﵽ׳ʦĲΣľ˶١
ԣжʱֳĽ֮ɫ
ŷȻ壬ڵŷҶ˵ȴ̫߱в
һȺ߹ʴʣǿҩǿķѡЦһͲľ׵˵Ļŷѩŷپֱ»̨
УҡԪҡҡϵУǰЩʱ䳽Ա¶ǿʵ󣬾ҩǿӵܵʵڻڼȡúõĳɼ
Դ˳һֻ۱һֻۣʹļҲʼĶǽвƲȥ룬һЩҩӵܵʵǿ
ԭȻϣܹڴ˴εǧڼȡúΡ
ֱ̨ӶֿսԽʱԻ϶̡
һ³Ҷңʵ󣬸һʦԼ۷ʦʮӺ³һʤ
ڶǺҶԲ̼ңҵĴսԷḻЩڼսϰٻغϺڽ̼һܡ
ҶԷңһʦ۷ʦʦһ۷ʦǸսǿѹԵ̬ɻܡ
ĳľҶŷҡ
ŷֻŷѩһλʦԺŷڸֻ۷ʦΪľʦһ۷ʦ߲൱ԡ
ٶľλ۷ʦ㡭ӦÿӦɣľҷ̽Եʵ
ŷڵΪȻȻǶʦȴܸоŷٲô򵥣ƺʵѰĶ۷ʦҪǿЩ
ŷپһ۳ԣû뵽ԾȻῴͷչڼ䣬һֱָҵΪҲ˵һԻܶ۷ʦľֿҩǿ۷ʦģҿ϶Խܡ
ܻһѩҲܻһǾҲ֣ⳡҲӮˡԹһЦŷѩŷŻ̨ȥ


145 һȭϵ
̨˼̨ĿⲻɶͶ˹ȥֻǵ鵱Уȴżڽ֮ɫӿ
⼫Ĳʵǲ϶ʦҲŷ̫ûˣŷѩһʦŶʦԮҿҲô
һΣŷҪ˳λˣľʦǸӦˡ
ҵе㲻ͬǸɫ򶨣ȥͬһ㣬˵ʲôܶԸľҲһء
ˣ˵ʲô㾹Ȼ˵ԿԶԸľˣ
Ȼ֧ľҵˣľûʲôϵҲľҵõٺôӶϣŷܡ
ŷǧǾӪ꣬ҲٲһЩ֧ߡ
˵вǰ˵˱Ǵô˵ŷҵʵУѲǶûУߡ֪õľһİΣбĶĿŷҺľ˭Ӯô
ҿֱԴżˣⳡľʦһľףŷ䶨ˡȻģҾ͸ģҶǧԪô
֧ŷҵһ㻹˵Լ֧ľңǧԪ˼óǧԪҶľͶģҶľǰ˵ʲôľұӮ
㡭
ʱΧҲǶ˵ĶԻ֧ߣɵö
ǧԪҸˣҶľӮ
ҶŷӮҼעǧԪ
ҿЩ֧ŷҵˣðŷұľϾҲóôԪЧ͸ǣȻҾˣҶһŰľӮ
ҲǧԪľӮ

Щ˵עע⵽ߵ˱ԽԽ֮࣬ǰעҲǷ׷׵˰ŴӣעľԪͰ𵤷ֿźãü¼
ǰ֧ŷңעǧԪ˿ŲĶעɫ𽥵ѿŷҵʾȻﵽһ壡
˼ԣŷӮȻҲв٣Щ֮ԶŷӮȫΪǶܵŷҵĶݣΪŷҵĲܹľľ׵ˡ
һҪǴ
ɫѿͬʱһȥ룬ǽĿߵ̨ϵĳϣг˿Ρ
ιôվﲻˣĪǿľӮ˶࣬˲ɣ˿Ըңֻ㡣
ߵ̨ϺҲǷ·ע飬ʱľȴڲԶЦ
Զȥľ̵ضԼվԵĶˣͬһ
ˣ֪ûȱ𵤣ȱĻ㲻Ҳȥעľң׼Ӯ
ľ׿شЦԵҲǸŴЦͲԵ˷
ŷѩĿжʱɢһɱ䣬͵͵˵ҶҪúýѵһΪԼ˵ʵŷҾκβˡ
ӴѵңŷѩȻҲʦƺЩŷұ˵һ̨̨ĵһԣҶҪͨˡ
ľҵʵҲʦһ۷ʦȻԪҪ˲٣Ҳ㹻ˡǧΣҲӣԼӵҪúñ֣ŷҵķͷ¾ȫǹ
ڸոչ۲ʱѾ֣˹⣬ļӵֳܶǿʵǹ磬Ϊ⡣
Ҫ֪ڹעǧˣٴﵽʮˣÿһԶ˹עһֲ˵ͻ˿࣬˵ģܺûᵽ
ֵúã϶ᱻ
뵽ЩŷѩŷٶˣıǶˣľŷλұһ˽»̨
һ˴ﵽʦһҲǶ۷ʦҪɽǴ»̨ҲҪֲаɡԷʵϾ̫ǿЩŷٶڳԵʵֲ˽⣬Щǵ˵
ǺǣһôͷģһǱֵЩЩ֧ŷҵˣ»ŷҳʧԣıԣһӦɡЦһڵΪȻŶʦӦǰһžԵİա
ŷٻ˵ЩʲôŷѩȻЦȻԳֽѵǾһԹۿˡ
ŷѩȻ֪ڵսﵽʲôΣڳȴĪģ˵ǰֻʦʦҲ൱óԶӦ
Եͷϻ̨
̨ϵмԵ˶̨ڼ䣬ֱ̨䡣һ䣬һ׼𣿡
ˣľ׶ǵͷ
΢΢ͷȻˣǱԿʼ
ʱľҲˣһ˶ԸľˣЦһԣ֪Щʵ㿿ǿʦƾսľˣֻ˵̫ˡ
Ըӡ
Բľ׶˵ȥ˵仰ɢһƣ˫Ŀӿһ˿鶯֮ɫϣĳת޷Զ
װŪ
ľײмƲƲ죬¶ƷϣȫǹŪŻŻǡ
ţھԵʵǰеıֶζֽϻ
Ȼֽϻ
ľˣֻֽϻԲһ
ȥľ׶һľҲ߻˻֡
ǣ
һʦͷҪųԳȥ
ɱţɡ
һӰȳ˳ȥľҵĵߣʵǶ۷ʦ
۷ʦӳգۼͳɾ룬볽ֻв֮أ˸ɭ֮⣬СӣҾ㿴Ʋľҵĺ
£ȫԪתɫԪǿϢһɷųѹȶȥ

ȭϣǰâ˸ȭͷƿһСɽײ򳽻ԡ
һȭɫûκα仯쳣ƽĿҲƽضŶ۷ʦһȭԷȭͷֻʣһ֮ʱһȭ

ꡭ
ƽƽһȭȭཻ֮ʱȴǱһ죬ƾסһ𣬼ûκμ
˿ɫ൱ƽΨ˿˿м

ľҶ۷ʦ촫αˣзһҽУֽ֡
ѾȫΣָ
һɷϵ۷ʦơ
ľҶ۷ʦҽ֮ʱ̨··žһ£򳽻ԵĿ⣬ôͣš
ڷǼľҶ۷ʦ嵽ǰԻ֣ΪԿ϶Ǳɵˣתۼ䣬ԾȻһȭľҶ۷ʦ÷ˣƹͷѿ


146 ذ1
ʵ϶ԶԶ˶Է¾Ѱʦûǿʵ
һӣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ǳ𾪣š
ԵʵǾ˵һʦսƺֻ൱ڶ۷ʦʦҲΪʲôֳʵѾԶ۷ʦˣѵҲǿΪҩ
ҿǻ˵ʲôŷұذܣԵʵԲǱô򵥣ǼעľӮЩĿļһ浱ŷûô
ߣһ۷ʦʲô˲ľҿǻʦľ֣۷ʦܹԸˣܶԸǣⳡľӮˣھټעһŰ𵤣ľӮ
ǣⳡľӮˣŷҾԲκȡʤϣҲעǧԪ
Ҳע
ӰɼӰɣʱǱھǡ
֧ŷҵ˶һĿ⾡˻̨ϵĳԣгΡ
̨ϣŷ⣬˷֮ԱԵǿƱ֣ǿΪŷ⣬ȻǱн
Ǻǣǻһ۷ʦŷ˷ôĶ֣ʦΪܹӦԪɷ൱ãԪҵĲȴ˹ҵˡ
ʱԪѾȫ価·磬ۿžҪƸܣŷ˷ܣߡ
ŷЦһܲӦľҼСһҲ֪ȴ֪ԪҾʦ֣Ҳ˸ˣһŪ
㡭
˵ôΪҩǿʵͻôǿŰɣŷҵȻûҩǿʵǵԲ١
ҾĿԴŷʲôסλá
ϹٽŶ˵ĶԻĿ̨ϵĳԣ治֪㵽ʲô׹ʵȻ֮ǿҪϵ׹ܿͻᾡҵϡ
ԣ㾹Ȼ´֣Ҳ̫ĺ˰ɣľ׺ܿǰסľҵĶ۷ʦϵƣɫʱüΪѿضųԡ
˦˦֣˼ұΪֵܵסġ
ߣҪΪеʵڴſھ֪ʵǰľЦӿǿҵķŭŭһζȻ򳽻ԣһͷͻȫɢӴơ
׳ʦ׳ʦ಻壬οֿҩ׳ʦľ׵ȫԷǳм
Ϊһʦ֮ʱѾԿšݡʦΪﵽ˶ʦ볢һԼԪΪʦ֮Ĳ࣬ж

ԺȻľףƽճȭһźߺȥ

ľ׼ԾȻԼһмͬһȭ򳽻ԣгԵȭͷ

ֻȭͷཻǿҵľʱɢҲ֮
ŵŵŵš
˵Σ
һ֮£˾Ȼǲָߵͣ˭Ҳûռˡ
ôܣ
ľ׵ɫʱ൱ѿղһȭǳȫԵҲһٴϣȴû뵽ԾȻָߵͣ˵ϵԵƣһ˿Ϸ綼ûռݵ
ԵԪΪȻﵽ˶ʦʱľҲӦ˳ϵԪɳţǶʦôܿ濹·磿ܣǿĳطҿġ
ҾǵԪΪѾһ׳ʦˡԶԼʵҲ˳ж
ԪΪȻŶʦԪȴ൱Ǳ߳һ׵ʦڱƴԪ֮£ֺá
ҽͶʩչ֪ܷ⡭
Ȼľ˱ԣĿȴһŻ̨ϵĹơջĿ⣬Ǹһʵ϶ҲǱô򵥣뽣ʩչҲòܻ£Ƚľҵһʰ˰ɡ
ٶľףҽһְɡ
ȻʵҲҡ
ľЦһϳԵʵѾʩչǿһЩֶͬûʩչ
Ц£ľһһŰɳɫϣ̤棬˻һ磬ٶȳ˳ԡ

ڰջƷ֮ͬһɽٳųԵԴȥ
ݡ
һɵض㿪ľ׵
䣡
صڻ̨ĵϣ̨·ܵ쳣ҵײ΢΢ҡһ¡

ľ׸ҪΪԼһеһ̣һֻȭͷǰŴԺ

ϸ룬ľֱӺǰֻȭͷϣľ˶ʱˣһ飬򳽻ԵĿ⣬ǳɭ
ʱԼոʮһڳԸû˿ɱԣԷɾͶ˿ȥ
ľԤ⣬ʩչԼºѽˣǰȴǿƾ׿ٵѹ·硣
٣Ѿȫ˲֮ء
ȻһҾԸȱԽɱ˵ľԶ١ľ۾һ֣һϣҪúýѵһ֪ߵغСӡ
һϣȻΪԼжˡľһʦҲû뵽ԵʵȻľ׻Ҫǿһߣľ׵ĻҲǴȵ
ľҵĶ۷ʦһɱһҪȷ֫Ȼٽݺ˦»̨ҳһ⽴
˵ţһһҵųԳȥ
ľ׼״ͬɫһݣԸٶȣ򳽻ԡ
ʵȻһһƾͿԿǿ϶Ǿһս֮൱Ĭ
ɱ
һ嵽ǰ˾ʹͬʱԣʩչĹȻһֻӦζ֮ʱԪӾ磬жƿռҪ˺һ㡣
ȻеŵҳԿɲô׾ͱǸܵġ
ʱϷӿֳ𱬵ս⣬ڵԪû˿ӿ
ԪԷȻ࣬ȴޱȾȥѰʦԪ޷Ტۡ
Ԫȫת󣬳Եοƶ֮һӰѶģУͺ񳽻ȫһ磬¿Է֣Ҳ׽
׾ٵض㿪˵ĵһֹ

ľҶ۷ʦһųԳȥѪ⣬֮û˿ȻǶ۷ʦʱƾȻľ׺һʦ١
ɴ˿ɼԳԵԹ֮⣬ǿ˺εȳ̶ȡ
ľ׿һĻû˵ʲôֱתԪһ빥ԡ
˵ֹѰ׺ʦܹӦ


147 ذ2
ݡ
Ȼ֮䣬ɵرܿľ˵Ĺ
б¾ͱ㣬ֻǻ粻ñȥˣǾ͸ɴɺšľͣΣųԵӰŭһ
ͣΣעľˣЦ׷ɱӣܲӮӣͣҪܣӻ𣿡
ľҶ۷ʦŭȻǱ
ǸǸ˵ˣôǱأһǸ˵ǺεҳϵĶùǼֱǶԹ¡

̨ԵĻʱЦԺŷѩŷ٣Ҳ̿û뵽ڱ֮ʱȻϷŪԷ
ˣҽҪɱ㲻ɡľɫʱųԵĿ޲Ҫһڳ£ľŭһٶųԳȥ
ֵĻͲҪ㣬˴սһ
Уľ״һ
úܣǻĻҲ޷ܳԡ
һһ˵νŷҳ˳ԣŷѩʦһءһŷѩԪĹʱ֣ǶȻԴ
ǻʲôԣȻôڿţҲͲϷŪˡҾ֪ҩǿΪ㲻ʲô
ԲмЦһٶֱľ˳ɱȥ
֮еˮӾȻֱɢڿС
ܵԪ쳣ҡ
ʱȻ˵Ŀڳϣȴûע⵽仯˵ȫ⣬Ƕû뵽ԾȻľ׵սѵ֪ľֺʵ׺۷ʦԿ
ôͻȻôǣ
ʩչذһնɱ
ľ׼ԾȻԼˣӿֳϲ֮ɫæȵ
ĺ׼˽ǴһϢѸٷ仯һǿҵİԵϢɢرǵȭͷ֮ϣ˸һǿ⣬ҪݻһС
ľ׵ϣǿⱩһּΪԵϢռ䷢ǿҵҪռ䶼顣
ʱϵϢһǿҵĹâҪľ׵Լ˵ȭͷһɣǿҵİԵϢ͸ɰνӣأ˸޷ֵ
ۿţγɵİҪһ־ǿ̬ѹԡǵĹҲ
һԵֵסɰôԽҪٵģΪ͵Ĺ⹥֮£ҪȫԼûκοܡ
ʩչذľӿǿţǵվУʩչ׾е£۷ʦӦ
ǿʵȻԿʦذǰȻ᲻һᱻѹӶɱ
ȻԼ˳ɱ˵Ŀ⣬ľϸֳмɭȻɱ
ذܶԸ
̨ϣʩҹֱվ൱ѿȻԶȻܹܵõ൱Σա
ʲộҽվҪľǧǳʩҹ۾
ʩҹԣʩԵýΪ侲֪Էʩչѹ׵ľУԾȻӲȥҿ飬ƺһ㶼£ʮ㣬ѵҵ͹ʵ𣿡
һҪסŷ˫ֽסľΣӵķֶȴδĿһضŻ̨ϵĳԡ
ϹٽԼ⼸峤΢΢Це뷨ľһԾ޷ֵסذĹ
ǲǾÿ׹ܻңֻ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
Ȼھ󲿷ΪԻᱻľʩչĹѹʱԵϻȻһĿĻââгǿҵϢ·ҪһС
ľľƣڻâҫ£ֽͬһ㣬׷ٻ١

ľƱɻƣ̶ԵȭͷŨĻâһŻ棬¡¡׵ľȥ

ľɫޱ䣬ǵһʱеԵȭͷľϣʱһ졣
ʲô
һʼľײδһȭ̫ϣԵȭͷ䵽ϣһ쳣ȵϢֱӳڣԪ֮ʱʱӿֳŨŨ֮ɫ
ۡ
ڴҵʹľ׿̲סһѪζʱź浹˳ȥʱϣŵսζ
ľ˸տʼӪľףǿľ׾Ȼһȭɣһǳִ֮ɫ
Խܣǰȫһľƽɫʱǵƺ󣬹δ½ܱΪǿĹ
˵ֶΣѾȫǵĿƷΧ
޷ģԾǿʲôֶΣƳľơ
ƣ۷ʦܹƿ
ֻⰡ󣬶̶һʱ䲻ΪȻ˵زʩҹɻľֵĹӿֳһĨ뾪̾ͬʱҲһ֪Ѿû˰ȫ֮ǣĵȥ
СһȻǰ򵥡ʩҲǸ̾һ֮ϸֳЦ⣬ʢ
Ϲٽ۾еֶΣھû׹ҲҪ콫ˡ
жڳߺˣȻϹٽΪԽΨһһӸˣעϹٽ϶취ԡֳ츳ѾȫϹٽеɱ⣬㳽û׹ҲһֽԸ
ݻ˵һǰΪ߽ߣʮǰȻʹﵽһʦڹʮ죬ֱӴﵽ˶ʦ֪һ꣬ΪﵽʲôزϹٽԽ룬ɱԽŨ޲ھɱԡ
ȻϹٽĿɨƬ̣üͷ΢΢ţǸϼһôûѵҵӵܾôģЩˡ
û°ɣ
ľҶ˺ܿͽľ׷ŵʵ
ľľһˣľһǧ䣬Ҳþʹֹˡ
ûʲô󰭣һĹֶ̫ˣйɻƵģһʱûֵܵסųôĿľһ򳽻ԵĿԹޡԵô˵潫ѪֱǵڴһسӣԻᱻ˳Ц
ԼľԼҲ΢΢ҡͷһԪ̫ǣͻƵ׳ڵʦ޷⣬ֵܹסһȭû뵽һȭȻˣҲûҪٶˡ
ղһȭԵȷˣΪһȭľ֪ѶˣԶ䣬ȴû뵽ľײ飬Թޡ
ȻľѾôľ׾ԶΪĵˡ
ԴˣԵĴʴȡֵԴֻһʽɱ


148 ȫ
꽭֮ųޣҵ˺޲ýɱ֮죬Ժʵһʱɱ˽ңǿնɱҼ
ǳҲͬˡ
ô죿ľʦŲԶĳʵ
ľɭɭ˵ô죿ȻɱղֻҲСĶѣֻҪעһʱЯϢ˺ǣ
һ̫ˣúýѵһ˿϶˵ûãڼ廹̧ܹͷǶ۷ʦԳͬǻž޴ĺ⡣
ãһ֡
һ˵꣬ľǷϢһɨţǿϢӿųԳɱ˹ȥ
ľһһҵظϣȫɢޱǿҵϢƻӶ֮˼ΪΣյĸо
Ȼʱ˶Ϊֵľʩչ˳
ȻҾͳȫǡ
ܵϵɱ⣬һѸʩչݣ磬֮еˮӾܵԪҲ·ڵĿˮһ㣬졣
һĻһ̨֣ʮˣŴˣĿͶߣ۾ţǵһĨ𶯡
Ƕû뵽ľҵˣȻᱻԸƵز
Ǹе𾪵ģǳԵʵȻ֮ǿǰЩ绹ʢŷԮʵ൱ڶ۷ʦǿ׳ʦ⡣µѾȫ߸
ɱ
ٶȾף֮˳ǰľǰһԵȭͷȻ
ںһȭ֮ʱȻͱ塷ת˼¡
ȭͷ֮ռ·𱻷һ㡣
ľ˸Ǹо·һž޴ĻҪǸɣȻ˫δǵļѾյ쳣ʹ
ôô
оѣʱǶˣԵֶֹΣܿġ
رľҵʦѾЩڣǰĳԿƲǺǿͲܿİ
ֹȻǸԸ
ؼʱ̣ľٶȴһеԪתеֵܹסԵĹľˣҲæͷ΢΢䶯һ˺ܿվһͣǡ
Ȼ֮ǰʩչذʱ΢һ˿ȫȫȫ֣ûһ˿һվǰһ۷ʦᱻǸܡ
˫ľ룬Ѹ
Ըңǧ䣬ľңҳǵΪֹԿ쳹ܡ
ȭͷЯޱȵϢɾͣһּȰԵֱ̬ӽľɡ
顭
Եȭͷ磬ݺݵغľˡ

˸һԵĹ϶ʱֳʹ࣬Ѫ磬ϢǵһʱήҲ߷ݣŻ̨˳ȥ
ʱ̣ʩչͱ塷ֻһУͽľ˸ܡ
˫֮Ĳ࣬޷Եơ
һĻֱʹóϵ˾
һоͽľСˣԵʵôôǿⲻܡ
˵ʲôˣǶ˰ɣŷԮԹӣѾľǣˣЩҩǾˡ
֧ŷҵ˼Խľ˺»̨޲ӿǰδеĳ죬׷׶°ϵľԪԼ𵤡
ˣǡ
ôѲ˲ˣߡĻ´ŷұԵʱǾѺŷӮ
֧ŷҵֱӽҩȫ£עľӮ˲м
áʱǿɶ𲻸ע˴ҩһЩעľӮɫǳѿ

һȭľǺǣֻϣֶβֹôˣȻҲ̫ˡ
һŻ̨ϣƿųߣɫƽϣȴһ˿мɢ
ڷţͬһɻԪʦ
ûĻСʩչĹӦһ׹ɡңһ׻Ե幦ҵõˣҵʵ϶ɱϹٽŻ̨ϵĳԣĿ⾼޲ϾͶ֡
ʩĿƫʩҹЦ˵СҹԹȻߣǰôҩģӦþ׼ƻԵҩѯʵǺҲΪƵҩ
ùãǺ̫Ū˵̻ᣬʩңûһǺʩҹεҡҡͷ֮ǰһ˵˵ҪǺϵʩңķѰңȻûŪһǺ
ʩһۻ̨ϵĳԣջĿ⣬ɬһЦ
СܵܣɱʧʱʩУȴһ
̨ϣĿ⿴һܣЩָĿ⣬δᣬ̨ϵУ֪Խ𣿡
Уҵˣάɽʦ
Ȼԡ
άɽ𾪵лع򳽻ԵĿѾȫ˱仯֮ǰóʵʲôһʦԶԸڳֳʵȴȫһάɽ˵ĳԣŷһʤĴĲ̨ǩ
£³ҡҡһʤӵܷ׷ϻ̨
ϻ̨ǵĿⲢδһʱУǿ˳ԡ
ǺҵĴӡʵǿһϣлܺдһҴӡߵǰ΢Ц˵򳽻ԵĿ⣬ȴս⼤
΢΢ͷлᣬҿúôһ
֮ǰӡ̼ҶսʱѾ֣ӡȻҲǿҩΪս൱ḻʵսǿΪǴﵽʦŷḻս飬ӲǶԿס˲̼ˣսϰٻغϺڻ˲̼ˡ
սûдﵽ۷ʦҲȥԶҲѹԳս⡣
ԴֻĻս⣬ԼսˣԵǲܾ
³ҵҲͳԴһкδ˵ʲô
ߡ
ڷң򳽻ԵĿȴûôˡ
ԣʵǿǷҿɲľǰ㲻һǷңŷң¾ҪʹֹˡҵĴһʮ꣬з꣬ΪȻǱȺӡҪǿһߣﵽ׺ʦ
Ŀ꣬ЦӦǻӶŷܰɣǺǣҲϣŷҾʹֹȻҺϲ˵ϻķϣҶʼǧʵģԿġ
㡭
ŭһżŷҿ϶ҷϵģʱҾͿ㻹ûô
ˣǿʼǩɡʱŻ̨ϵѾʼǩάɽЩͷ˵
еͲֻĸǩ³ҡҡҡŷҵĸάɽͲзֱһǩ
ҵһ³ҵĴǩ˵
ӡһķ̌ͷ˵ҵڶ
ҵһһ³Ҵ鲻ãȰǻ䣬Ȼҳǿɱڡ


149 ս
㡭
³ҵĴɫѿ³ҵʵʵǲ˺ֻܶ࣬һʦԼ۷ʦ̫ࡣ
ǻû䣬϶ᱻ˳ЦҲһʵǿΣϻżᱻҧһأҪ³ңǷҲܡ
ûȥ꣬ǩӡ˵ҲǵڶǾͺúдһɡ
̫ˡӡһЦ鵹ǲ
֪Լʵ볽Щ࣬볽Զս
߾Ϊǿߣ֪ǿеս͸Ũ
ӡеĵ͡
໥ͷż˻̨̨˷Һ³ҡ
ҵ˵ȷ൱ǿᣬرǷ꣬Ϊ׺ʦսҲǲͬѰһ֮ս˲ӣɽ³ҵ˺˻̨ǿʤ
ԣ֮սˣһǵͬ鶼֣һΣάɽ»̨󣬺ӡߵǰ˵
ͷȻҾһ
ԸҪϻ̨»̨ķȻЦһӡʵϣܹϴһܣȻĻҷҶܶˡ
ԵĮƳһۣԵŻ̨ȥ
ӣ
ԷЦֱѡӣһ仰ûӦ
ųϻ̨ıӰȭͷ𣬿죬ϣܻܺӡȻ󡭡һڡ
»̨󣬻̨·֧ŷҵ˶Χ˴ιⳡ²עǻֳ֧ԻʤעǸոóЩҩԼӮµеҩǶĲģ
ߣҵĺӡԴȣһ˶ԸԣΪǻһɵôӮǵҩٺ١һԺͷұȰɣǲ֪ʱҲһ˶Ըˡ
˵ףǻͬ˳Եʵ
ôܻͬⲻܣ
ǺǣҲֻۣҪгڵıԣǶעϡеĵҩֻҪģʱ򡭡

ܶ˶ڵսأһҪú÷ӣһܡ̨ϣӡվڳԵĶ棬ų΢Ц˵
Цһҳ£˿ģοңҸͲϡⳡԣ֮£޹أô롢ô֮£ֻܽԺúýȥȫԸɡ
ãϲԸ񣬼ȻǾͿʼɡ
άɽĿڶϴһ£˶׼׵±һԿʼ
룡
еӡеĳ߶ͨѩףĵһɢһѪϢ
üͷ΢΢һóӡҲǾþսմȾѪ
˶սƴѾֹʵˡ
Уơ

Ȼδ齣ȴǶȻɢһѪϢɳ¾ǧʿɱ޷ԶȵϢɢһȦȦεʹÿ΢΢𵴡
ԣҳʵȷǿҲĶֻ֡ʩչһУֵܹҾֱ䡣ӡЦһ
ֱ䣿ɻ

ʱӡеһ䣬̨϶ʱ󣬵粢˸еˬз֮ʹ֮УŵƬܲˡ
һ׵УԪ۷幦ҲãСɾ磬ɱ൱㣬½⡣
˵꣬ӡдȻųնɱȥһ·ܵǣϯ򳽻ԣƺޣҪɡ
ãҲĹ״ﵽʲôΡ
һĻҲȥӡе˼ȫâǣرȭͷѾȫâ֣ɫľ岼ȭͷһһ㿴ȥò
£ȴ̲һɿֲĳϢͺǻɽµҽһ緢ԷٻһС
䡭
Եȭͷӡĵ津һ
ݡ
ݺᣬش󣬳·ʱи䵽ʱȴǷĽ
͡
ԵȭͷӡĴ󵶣Ĵ˲ͱâ˵ע֮£ֱܽ˿
͡
ӡ³һѪһĨʹ֮ɫܿͱѹȥ
Щϧؿд󵶣ӡ̾˵û뵽ʵȻôǿǿһƳһҵıˡȻҲǿҵĵ˲˿
һӡȫǷĵ׵˵
ǱǸ׹Ҳû̫ʱ䣬ǺԲûƺûıʵҲܲ㽫׹۷徳磬һȭ϶ֵסǸ˵š
ӡʵȷ൱ǿѾ׺߲ˣ׹۷徳磬ԿҲҪԼѹ׵һЩֶθóܻˡ
յҽ׹˸߲ľ磬дһ¡ҵıԣԤףܹٶȹնˡ
ӡЦţ˿ΪԼܶãάɽһҺˡ
㡭
ǺǣǰһսΪ棬һ˿ȻӮˣҲЩˡʵͣУϻ̨֮ǰҪֱˡ
ô峤
Ҹ׵˼ҲҪ㽻ֱ֣䡣
ӡЦһͳԽֱΪͻƻˣٶȶԲάɽֵҺˣԽ
ţһŷһʤάɽźӡĿҲЩ˽άɽٶȿ˵ıԣŷҶԷҡ
ԣһŷҶҷңǴŮ˸ǶսǶһ˶ԿأЦһһݣڻ̨ϣ飬ҲǸԡ
һΪ˼Զһ˺˶սȻԸΪ׺ʦиſԱֳʵڻܳѾûʮɰա

˵ʮɣɶûˡ
£ֻóԶǷˣžԵİջܳԣӶ÷ӱΪŻ̨ʤߡ
ӡһ۾Ϳ˷ļı±ŭ꣬Ҳ̫ˣ֪ԼʵóһǷҵ˻ҪҪˣ
˵ʲôֻѡѣھͿҲˣʵļӵܴĸһʵȻһɰգҶԥսˡ
국˵ȻмƳźӡˣ㲻Ǹ߶ѣкʸǰָֻţҷΣҪ˵𣿡
㡭
ӡɫʱֳѿ֮ɫܿɢȥڽȻܸ˳ԣܱĳЩǿˣ֪򲻹ԣȻʹֱֶΡʹӻ̨ȥͷˤˣʡﶪۡ


150 ֮
ˣ㾹Ȼ˺˵
ʲôҺӡ˵Ҫͬ⣿
ˣӡѾˣ뿪̨ɡάɽһͷضų˵ԣھһҵ˱԰ɣȻϽбԣҪٵʱˡ
궢ųԵЩʱָԪֻҪ˵һˣҿԸ㹻ʱָ
дˣԿʼɣԸֻ˽еĽӬһ˶Ӷˡ
Ŀˣһְɡ
ȻˣǱԿʼɡ
һһ˻̨ش
һЦޱȣ˿ûΪԶߣԣȻ̲סҪһ˶Ը𣿿ǰԣļͰһ˶ԸǷȫ㹻ɣҺܿͻ֪ľǶô޴
Եľʱ̨˶ʱ
ιЩ֧ŷҵˣڻҲҺǶģͶĳһܲڷϻ
֧ŷҵԣΪ׵˸м֮ɫǰںӡսʱһעңڳ˵Ҫһ˶ԸˣϾȫ˳
ҲúЩ˼ƽϣһʲôҵģΪ˾ܹԸԣߡǾ͸ǶˣǼѺŷѺӮעپעǣеĵҩȫбǾӮȥ
˵ţ֧ŷҵ˶׷׽ҩȫͳϣעĳԿ϶Ӯ
ϣҪעȺһ㶣һ˷ͳҩ
עעҶķӮעǧԪ
ԼֱǷˣȻͼһ˶ԿˣôĶ֪Щ֧ŷҵҲˣô൤ҩֱǰװ׵͸ǰעŰ𵤣ķӮ
ⳡԳˣעŰ𵤣ķӮ
ԣⳡԼûκһôùˣеܹŰ𵤣ҶķӮ

ʮоŸעķұʤһǿͲеڶֽ
֧ŷҵ˼עδȥֹ
ǶףŷܵżΪ֧ŷҵٲˣʱܹȴ
޷ϻ̨ŷңҲֻ취رǰŷҶǵİˡ
ǲ֪ܷԶԸˣȴѡŷҡ
ųԡ
ԵѾﵽһʮ˰
ϵһѰ𵤣֧ŷҵĿͬʱ˻̨ϵĳԣ¶εɫʡ
һ֣ҷ
ŲһΣųԳɱ˹ȥ
ϣһɳƳǹǹ߳ſ죬¶ǹ⴦˸ɭ
׳գ
ԵƳһ۷꣬ö˵ʲôĿһɨԺмټ㣬Ŀһȭŷ˳˹ȥ
ȫ֣Ҫ˿
ԾȻԼ˳ʱɭޱȣɱҲǴб

ȻӶеĳǹǹͬһֻŭųԷɶȥۻԪɢһŨİ׹⽫ǹȫס
ҲʩչǿĽУһһҸߡ
˾ƣѰ׺ʦҪʱԵıãһѹסἫѳĽֿ϶쳣
ߣ
һδãӭŷ˳˹ȥ
ֻǣδǿҹƣرܿ˷ĳǹٶȭͷȻڷһλʦĳϣ乥ƫȥ
һ۷ʦֱӱˡ
ˣ
ԾȻôԼӹ𾪵ͬʱǷŭԺȴô
оһŭĺһҲתֻþסԵΣǹȻһգǹβųԵԴȥ
˿̶˾벻׶࣬ĳǹȫԹԡ
˵ɫҲͬ൱ѿ˵ֹ۷ʦҪضԴڳǰȴͬ裬Ͳһá
ȻܱǻǵһʱתΪʽųԹȥ
ʱĳԣٶ˵ֹ
൱ƽû˿
Ψϣʱ̹һ˿޵Ĳм

һʩչԵξͿ磬ͬȣɶ㿪˵Ĺ
̾ƶٶȣżͻƵ׺ʦķ꣬ҲЩĪ׷ϳԡ˵ڵٶȣȫʩչȻ۷ʦֱĽʦ
£ֹҲǴڲ֮ء
̨ϣŷ忴Եı֣ѾЦ⣬óֻҪ⣬յ̨ŷǶһŻ̨ĵһס֮λˡ
ŷͷ⣬ʵȻǿᣬŷҵŷѩŷ٣Ӧ΢ɣλãɲôռݵģرŷһȻʦûС
ŷһЦԪɷһԪùģȻʵȻһҪֲһĹңԪʦҵĴƶԻܣν澡ʧ
ŷ嵭һЦŷȻʦҲסλãԪʦȻסλã˼Ҷһ˸ܣֱǶۣ治֪㻹ʲô˵ңԪҵʦƺҲҩİɣ㻹˼ǰ԰ڣ
Ϊʲô˼԰ڣô˵ԪҵʦȵգҵҪŷӦԪҵսߣǲ֪ҲԮһӲԪߡԪɷһ۾˵
̨ԪȻˣȻһλᡣ
յսÿһ̨ʧܵļ壬һսĻᡣֻҪսɹôȡһļλãΪ塣
ҵȻ֪Ԫɷ粻ʧܣҪŷҵλãԪҵ˻ûǵ͡ŷĿ˳Եʵ󣬸ͲںԪɷս
ŷңʵûֳŲ׺ʦսŷѩΪ϶ﵽ۷ʦңսҲȱҪǿϲ١
ΨŷٵΪЩųŷѩڣŷҲԪܻܵġ
Ϲٽںŷ壬ɫĮȴһ˿յսŷӦɲô׵İ
常ǸСʵִͻˣǿܶԸ˰
̨·һϤӰվţǻӶŵų񣬴ʱһλʮ˵
ߣǷҼХ죬˵һ˶ܲˣۻŷңң⼸ˣʵǸǿһˣǷֻܵȴˡ


151 ɰܵ
常ʵһжΪһûгԵĻֺξŷңŷѩǸӣ׳ʦֻʹʵͿԽɻܡ۾˵򳽻ԵĿ˱֮⣬˺˵ʵǿԲοһµģŷû˳ԣ˵յսǻתأ
ХʱƬ̺̾һ˵Ҳֻ취ˣȻǷҿԾǶԸ˳ԣŷ̻᲻ŹǶ˵
Х˻ش𣬷϶ʱӿֳϲɫ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ɱԣСֶٶ࣬Ҳ

б¾ͱܣһս
굽ʱҲǲһ㣬һֱʩչǷҸͶԸˡ
ǿ͵ϮǣҲʡһʦӶųԵӰȥ
һʦҲǷػӽն򳽻ԵӰҪֶλŷңֱΣǷеʱš
Һս
磬˸Ƿܹ׽ʩչĹɶ㿪˵ɿ⣬ĿббƳϣʲôʸ񣿡
ȷ˵أԼ˵ⳡĵıԣҲýˡ
һ˵꣬Ի£ֲϢǵذŷϯȥ
Ϣ֮£еһ·𶼳׷ڿ
ݡ
ԵΣȻǰ壬һʹɾ룬ǰָ죬һıּ̳߶ʮһÿһж̺ſֲĽ⡣
ȻŶʮһܣݺӣͬһ㣬ŷɶȥ
ƣֱ÷Ĵ󺧣¶־塣
ûκԥڿ־ʹ£ûκ·ˡ
˵ؿ죬ԵĹȴǸ죬Ǻ˵ͬʱԵָʹɱǵϡ
ɱ
ԵϣǱ¶һɷɱ⣬һɱ
顭
һԷϴʹܹ֮ɫ΢䣬ǿϵĲ״ЩͷƤĸо
ʱڷ˵ϣѪѪѪкֹҪǮһ㡣
ر׵ķ꣬ϵѪ࣬ʮؿһֱȣѪȾӣȾͬһѪˣϵϢҲΪήҡ
˵ϣŨŨľ벻š
ôҲû뵽һ̣ȻԱ˿ֲĹ
㹥׺ʦܱʵѾȫӽ۷ʦ˰
͡
³һѪҲƲסԼ壬ҡҡ׹˳ַס϶ֱˤϡȻסˣϢή˼㣬۾ųԣһĵ˵ʵôôǿ㲻Ŷʦѡ
ʦԪֻʵһ֣ԪֶֹҲͬʵһ֡ȴȫ˼Ԫ棬עʵۡ˵ڵԪΪǶʦڵԪΪһʦɱҲɱһ
Բδ˵󻰣ڵﵽ˶ʦҲǴﵽ˶ʦܷӳʵȷԻܷˡ
ڣԼʵҲһȷϣǲʩչʵ൱۷ʦһʩչôսɱĽʦ֮£Ѱ֡
ȻܷӳôǿսҪսʱķӳ̶ȡ
ǿûУǳԵʵνǿķڳǰͲһ
̨עĵط֧ŷҵ˼һĻҲⳡĶĽֱӽϵĵҩȫ·ȥִȥ֧ŷҵÿٶӮ˲Ű𵤡
ȥǺܴ󣬵𵤶ձһʦҵ˶ԣȴһʼĲƸ
Ǹе˷볩ĲӮ˶ٰ𵤣ǳڻ̨ɵػܷˡ
̫ˣԱֳʵʵ̫ˣͷ˿ƴ˲ʱ䣬ʵֻضˣϸ˵ȫһоɱ˷ҵ˰
̫ǳˣԺ˭ٸ˵ŷûá
һ֧ŷҵˣޱȼּǴͻƵʦй
̨ǵݵӰ֪ѾǶ˼־֮ɫ
ѺעһʤһȺˣҵǳ˼ڽһáҵʧܣίʵ˲ٵĵҩ
˵ҩǿɾǲƸıϰ
ⲻ컹бǻҲעȻӮ˷ңҲһֱȥ
ҪעȻߡ
Щ۵ˣ֧ŷҵвûκη壬һĲмΪ׵˵ȻΣΪǲɣҲõģѾųˣֻҪŷҵıԣһѺӮע٣ǶˣӮĵҩԼϵĵҩͳͳóעܲӮȥǾͿע˵ıˣǿǧŪݰǶġ
ϻ˵עǡ
ԭ֮ǰսʱǱ˲ʵȻϣֻ֧аɣ̨棬ӡֳʵϸֳһ˿Ц
ΪԼͳԵĲ಻̫󣬵ȴ֪Եʵǿ̫ࡣ
ͻȻӡӿһ뷨ֳʵȻȹѷһӦòȻƲʲôںбֺã˵ŷҵ˵̻ϵǳҸú͸׺úŷҽˡ
СӣȻҶҷҵ֣ҷХһὫą̇̄²ԶķХ쿴ȥɫƽ򣬵ֻȭͷȴظ֨졣
ʵȻȻƶˡϧΪվ̫Ϊﵽʦ߹СڣҪԸֻҪһоӡ
һŻ̨ϣոսǿƻܵĹųߣһȻȻԱֳ㹻ǿʵȻδϡ
ǧĺӵһش飬ش󣬵˵߸Ӷѡ
Ż̨ϵĳԣĿɭ䣬û뵽ԵʵҲô࣬Ҷ˶ˣڣŷҵҲһ˿԰ڵ̨棬ŷѩȻͻƵʦһҵʦҪ١һŷٵŮˣǲԡ
άɽԵı֣е֮ɫŨҲظܵ˳Թеɱ㹥ҵĴܱ⣬һάɽһԣŷһʤյ̨ŷٶλá
άɽ˽ת»̨


152 ̨
ŷѩŷھվ棬ŷѩЩǵ˵û°ɣ
ȻԳļ󣬵ԣĿ϶С
ҡҡͷյıѶȲսӦҲѶȣؼǺˡ
ԪΪȻŶʦĹͱ壬ʩչ֮ʱȴǿܱԪ㲹֮£ڵԪɳӯ
ŷѩüͷ˵ԪʦǵĴԪ߱ΪǴﵽ˶׺ʦΪҲȷһӦˣںУÿǸҪսҺ㲢ս
ŷѩȻųԣųԿһ֮Ԫˣұ֤յսлɣһԺ״̬ѣֳû˿ɾͲˡ
޹ؽҪɲ뿴ˡ
Цҡҡͷİɣаա첻һ˶ԸԪңĳЩ˵β˵̵ȥ
˵֮ʱԵĿ˲ԶĹӪʱӪУ޲һȻرǹƣϸһƬƵǧͲһ㣬ֻ߹ĺӵѡ
Ա̫Լ߹ҵоҲá
Ͼһжܼ֮ڡ
ԪҵˣǺҪԵ⼸壬ԶŰա
ơ
Ҫҳǧһ²ôװ촽˸һĨѪâ
飬ŷѩҲ֪˵ͨˣȴڼ䣬ʱվڻ̨ϣһʲôΣգؽһʱ֡
ô˵޷ˡ
ˣյ̨ѾȷŷҰɡ˵꣬Ÿ̨ȥ
ʱŷѾŷҵڸ߲»̨ӭСʵǿᣬȻһ֮ͻľҡҡ꣬ȷŷϢ㿴Σ
ȻŷҲǵĳڱڼĹóȷŷϢ
ԵͷǾȷŷҰɡ
˵ţԱŷ岢뿪ŷҵķȥŷҵһڸ߲
̨ϣϹٽŷͳ뿪ıӰһ֣վ߲㣬΢΢ͷĬĬ¸̨
óˡ
¸̨ǰϹƾͿ˵Ⱥڴ˵ķХ죬±ͷҲͣһȥ
̨ŷҴԼ·̣·ȻȴҪֵ
ΪǧԵʣǧо󲿷ֵ˶ۼ֣طˣһֻ˲ʮӣʹֵ
һ·ϣŷҵ϶ϲɫЦϡ
Իܸ壬ŷ̨һסλãϲΪŷһǶҪֱǰάˡ
ϧŷеѾȫı䣬ǸͲŷǰú߲˵ǽڼеĵλȨܵѹơ
е㲻Ծ
ߵֵ󣬳Եüͷ΢΢ܸоЩԣĵʶһ˿
ǰֵȻˣʱʱҲӰ֣ȻһֵϣȴһӰû
˵Ӱˣһ˿
߹֣ԶΪŷǷߴ·ˡ
ˣǰ
ͻȻԺԷ࣬ŶʮˣǸ֣߽ʦʦʣµҲʦڴ󲿷ֳֶ͵Ϯ׼ô죬ҪҪ˻ȥ
ȻôܸܲӦЩĸģаͷһоԾʱͲ뵽û뵽
ǺܵģֻҪԷʵǿ󵽿ȫɱһȺˣǻǿӦġ
ֻǳ֪ǣȺǵˣķ
ӦƬ̣˵ˣЩڰˣкüʶģһͷģǧǳϹٽĵܵϹƣһ߽ʦƺҲǳˡЩʦû´ĻӦöǳˣһʦƺ֮ǰĶַϢµģҲʶ˾ȻǻӶŵųԼųհ
Ȼǣû´ĻǵĿ꣬Ӧˣǿ϶ɱҡԺܿ뵽ԷĿԼ
Ժʼ˼ŷҵһ߽ʦʦԼĽϵʦȫԸĻŷҵ˵ǿԾסŵЩˣӶȴԮĵ
Ͼﰵɱ϶ܳ־ãսһ죬ǾͻȴȻ϶д˵ر̻ˣǿ϶߶߲ˡ
ԾԲὫԼΣŷҵϣŷ嵹û£ŷҵļλϣ϶൱׵ģڳԶŷҵ൱
һ֮ʣм˻ȣ
ŷ壬Ǳˡ
ͣ˽ŲĿⶢŷ񴫵ݸλãֱӵ˳
ʲôǱˣ
ŷϵĵЦ˲ɢȥת֮þ㵣ûȻ˸ҹ컯֮ŷңǾƬ̣һ˲վ˳ǰԽر󣬡׼һԡ
һٶŷû˼ȫʶ˵һ̣ŷҵļݻ糽
ŷ˿ɾûŷ巴ӦôˣԵĻеľ㵸ЩиһĨ֮ɫƺǸͲŻ˸ǣ˵ⷬĲǳԣˣǶҪڴˡ
ΨˣƬ̺󣬺ܿվͣԱм䡣
ŸںͣԣʲôˣǾ͵Žܼ߳ͷɡŷ忴д˾Ȼû˿Ӧʱһȳ
żҽŷҵȺ׳ոɴ⬡ǰһ׵߷ϣͻȻһӰ
Ӱһ֣иӰִֿ֣ȥŶʮˣЩ˾棬Ŀ
󲿷϶ÿһŹ϶ڷƵļʸͷӳ£˸ű亮⡣
Щ˸ûκεԥճ־ͽ׼ŷˣֱӷ
ݡ
ʮ֧ļʸƿ㳯ŷʸ뿪ڼͷϾȻһţΪĿ
ˣͷжǾ綾ֶ˵ǽڣˣΣա񼱴ٵڳԵԺ
ݡ
ڷո£ԱһݣֱӰڰգе齣ͺȻʣĽʱҫէ֣һգƿ¡
ݡ
齣ոհγԱֱʩչһ׽У齣кХããһƬͬѩǱ˵Ľȴɫ䡣
˺һʦнʦļʸûŷǰֱӱʩչĽɡ


153 ŷѩľ
Ȼ
ֵʸһ˲䣬ԷӰգۼͳ˾ʮ׵ǰ
رǰӰǷ۵糸ۿžҪǰ
ȫ֣Ҫ׽˳ԡ
ȫ֣ԣ̣ȫҷáŷһûκԥһֱӳڳǰӭ򳽻Ե߽ʦ

ŷƣƿصļΪƷСơһԪ۷幦ͽ˴ɾ硣ʱһʩչǰͺ˸ÿһ⵱жۻԪ
ͬʱʩչһ۷ʦһƣԻһʱ䱻ѣ
ʱŷƵȻ߽ʦΪǽһƺҲͣҲǰ벽
סŷ壬ȥץ˳ԡӰձ£һһתΣҪٶȳ򳽻ԡ
ץԣǿҪͬⲻͬ⡣
ֻǣθնŷٶȾ͸죬ƻӶ֮䣬һɰԪͳͷ£ƿ¡
ߣ
ŷճ֣һ˾ֱΪ͵ĹԪӶ֮ͬξˣһؽһأؿڡ

ŷĳӲصһȴԵ൱ǱҲ̲סһ
Ƚŷ壬ǼƱҪץס׽ԡǵ򳽻ԵӰŷǼѾ˿ŷ˱ķΧ±ŭһתŷ幥ȥ
һѾǳǰ˾ǰʮ˾Ӻ󣬳ʰԲ̬ų԰Χ
ʱŷҵڶҲȫӦһʦԼʦԣһȺѾɱ˳ȥԷ󲿷˾ס
ŷҲȶԷҪ࣬սҪϲ٣Ǿ˲ӣʦԼµʦųԳɱ
սˡŷ忴æ
ԵŷĶŷȾԷʦԼʦɱҲǴһѩǱóԣСѣԼҲҪСġ
£ѾǰǰʦʩչĹֵ
ŵŵŵš
ʦʵȻǱŷȾҪǿϲ٣ﵽ۷ʦŵһȻûгȫȻŷȾ
ɱ
ŷȾرƳһʦܿͳ˹һֻץֱӳųԵļͷץ

ȻۿžҪץ֮ʱڳһǿϢȻһֻȭͷͬɽ㣬ʦצϡ
ֵʵʲôʱôǿˣ
ԼԼֵһצˣȻǿϣо档
ˣǷһֿԶʱʵĵҩΪǿʦˣԪȴս飬ֻӦʦʦ͵ֵˡڳԺ
еͷϷֵҩҲֻǶʱԼΪȻֻĽʦսʶûǣ£ʦĶ֡
ʦҲǷ㣬±һ˿ϣʦСӣһֻ׽ԡסֻҪžУ˫˫Ŷû¡
һ˵ֱ꣬ӳɱǰ򳽻ԡ
ϱŸնʦʦȻȳ˹ס
ЩӦǷҵ˸Ӷŵ˰ɣ
ԸܵЩϵϢǷ֮ǰ˵ģһӾ͸Ӧ˳
ѩٶԼ
ɫأһźȴٶʩչ˼¡
һ̣Բǽ˲ʩչ£Ҳȫ˳
Ծƿأ˵ͬеĶʦǱΪ߳׵ʦᲢۡ
ʱչֳٶȣٲȻǴﵽ˿Ľʦĵز
ӵʵȻֵǰ򵥡ȳ˴ϵõҪĶƱҪǣйͷֻޡ
ʦˣǷҵļХ죬ʩչĽʦٶȣк
Ľʦٶ죬ʦǰͬ޷Ƚϡ
Ժ˲ףХӰѾǰ׵ľ롣
ɱԣҾɱ㡣
ֻǣХ컹һʩչǿֱӷϵԣһͻȻŷѩ
Σգ룬

ɲǼ䣬ܵĿñƱѩأеˮֱһѩ׵Ӱվڳǰһ⣬޳۵Я֮Ļ
ɱϢУЩϢԵ쳣
ʱ䣬̣ܿԪȫֹ·𱻶һ㡣
׵ķХ죬ɭϢ˲͸壬Ҫͬסһ㡣
Ůˣҹһȥ
ХΪεǿᣬȻδ߽ʦͣʦȻʮ꣬Ԫת֮䣬ɽŷѩıϢų⿪һһƾվڳǰŷѩ
֮ϣſֲ쳣ԪԪһֻء
Դˣŷѩȴһûһ˿һ֮⡣
еԪתɸĹҲ߶˼ޡ
Ȼ֪Լ˾٣Ƿɶ˻𣬵Ȼ޷ˣվڳǰ
ۿţХĹҪŷѩһ𡭡
ݡ
ڷХĹŷѩһʱһӰȴͬףһѽŷѩסУһֻƣȻĻ

ֻƴһ𣬶ʱһ쳣Ƶ죬񱩵ľɢΧһЩΪˣǱѹˡ
ź˵ģŷХôһ۷ʦ
ôܣʵôôǿ㡭ʩչط
Х챻һƻˣ϶ʱֳŨŨ֮ɫڳһƵУܵΪв˿Ԫȴǿ׵ؽˡ
м˶עųߣǷֳʩչ˿Ի۷ʦĹ𾪵ͬʱҲ˿
һ£ԵǱסˡ
һʦ׽ңҲԼûʸ񡣡
ԵƳһ۷񣬲δݵУȴǿʼţһҪҸúýѵҵˡ
㡭
ʱԻкȻһϸ΢
гϲϲ֮࣬ȴ˿˿ɬ
ѩ˼ո̫żæɿŷѩһҲԵЩΣ죬ܿͱסһƽ˵
û°ɣ
ŷѩͷһɬʵ


154 һΣ
ڲŷӦ˹ԼʵЩżˣԱϵΪȻŶʦʩչطսǱ۷ʦҪЩֱ߽ʦ
ڳһʩչطǰʦΪĺˣǳԵĶ֡
û£վһߣúñԼɡԵһǰŷХ죬㲻׽ôҾ͸һᣬְɣȻֵĻᶼûˡ
ȻҾͳȫ㡣һһһɳĳǹȻϡ
ǹְͨɫɢϢ
ȻһԪ۷屦ԿХȡвϲиˣϽֽϼһſ£Ȼ˳ǹˡ
֪ˡӦһ
̶ȻǣֱӴﵽ˿ĽʦĲΡ
ϢϱȷХȻ˲٣ϣȴһϢţ൱Σյĸо
Σճ̶ȣȷХϵΣճ̶ȻҪ߳٣Ҳֻ߽ʦ֮Ƚϡ
ݡ
ûκԥζȻǰ壬齣մ̳ûκλڡ
ڽ뽣֮ϣһ׹⣬׹з̲ĳǿ֮ռƱ˺ѿ˻˻죬ƾס
򵥵һȴ̲Ī󹥻¾۷εԪ۷幦ԱȽϡ
Сӣôôǿ
Хɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽ʩչطһǿ
ȻˣҲûҪٱʵˡ
Ȼ𾪳ֳսХȻǵһʱ˷ӦٵسųԷ˹гǹȻ̳Ԫһӿ಻򳽻ԡ
һǹҲǴ߶ھ󲿷ԪʩչͬһԪ۷幦ͬ۷徳硣

ǹ⾫׼شһһĽΧ˶伸ʧϡһȦȦɢռд΢죬ͬס
ŵš
Хζʱź΢΢ųǹƶ˱仯Ϊѿ
Ըûһ
ȻһУռȫϷ磬Х޷볽Կ
ôͻ׽ң治֪ĸӴˡ
ЦһûƬ̵ͣٶȳ˷Х졣
񣬱ˣϿеĳǹŲ˶೤ʱˡƿȨڷϣڷٶȳȥʱԱǴ˵
ʵδָ̫࣬ڿƳ巢Ĵ֮Ҫץʱ䣬Ȼ֮ʹϣٶ˯
Ӧһ˷ģ˳ǹܲ
Ԫ۷ıڶʱʵҲǼõλŷХߣ
ʱķХ죬ҲûҪߡ
һ˶Ը˳ԣæХȻһ
£ɫҲһݣٶȳ˳ԡ
һΣϢΪۻ룬֮ŻҪǿɡ
ǹ趯֮䣬ǹӰ˸

齣볤ǹĽڶ˫֮ս棬Ǳŷ߽ʦĳѷս޷˱Ƚϡ
ԵģǳХ֮սΡ
ХȻȫȫû˿£ȻԸݺѹסĻᶼûС
常ȻȫѹסʩչطʵѾֱ߽ʦ˿ȫסʱԳҪŤתһƣֻܴˡ
վڲԶķĿųΣп˼Ŀ⣬Ҳܣơ
ĿȻŷѩ
ѸһƲߡ
˫֮벻ʮףһѸٿŷѩ
ΪʹﵽĽʦսѰĽʦҪǿЩʱŷѩ֣ȫǳ˵Ԥϣûκһǰ
ŷѩˣʱ˼ڳϣֱֻʣ¶̶ףŸӦΣյĵ
ǿҵΣȻͷӿŷѩ͸оԼһֻס˵Ҫ䵽Լϣηѳ˷Σա
ǳն
ֳֵŷѩֻʣ֮ʣǰκȻ٣ͬʱа׹һԵĵƾǹ⣬ӶѸŷѩ
һԪϳ˹ǰãҲǽ֮۷徳磬ʩչ˵ŷѩһ۷ʦѰĽʦ¶ֵ¡
ʱŷѩܣκһӰĳԣҲĽʮ׿⡣
ΣٶȽ٣
һŷѩʵ͵ֵ¡
ŷѩŷĵն£ϲûг־š־Ǳ쳣侲š
ۿžҪ˻ܣʱ˵õ˷ΪʤһҪԼֵһ
ŷѩֻʣôһ뷨
ȻڣһϢΧ¶ɲǼ併͵£ˮӣռ䶼·סȥһƬ̬֮״
һ˲䣬ŷѩָ̽ܿռб˵ˮȻڻһȦȦˮƮڿСƬ̣ЩˮоͺȻɢһ̶䶯ʲ״ŷѩָǰ
ˮ䶯ٶȼ죬ɲǹ򣬾γһ͸ɫˮĻ
ⲻһʱĹŷѩˮĻϡ

һʱƬոγɲõˮĻ֧Ƭ̺Ҳɢȥ
յŷѩȻǺס֮䣬Ҳƻˮƶ֮Ѿ׿⡣
ÿһףһָ˳׺ǰѾγ͸ˮĻ赲ŷ׷
ֹǳԽġˮơһг˵ĹԹʺŷѩһ£ŷѩѾˮơž磬ʱȻвչ赲һĽʦĹ׾ٵġ
ŷŮˣٶȺͷʲôʱôˣҿɢԪȻǴﵽ۷壬⡭ôܣڴ˿Ҳǳ֮ɫŷѩֳʵȫ

۷ʦΣţҲҪزڴˡ
һĨ̻ȣһӳ赲ǰˮĻһ顣
ݡ
ֻǣû֣ʼŷѩ۳ˮĻŷѩУһζ
ˣѩܵĹѾӦҪҪǰȥæŷѩͷ֮ս򳽻Ի㱨
ϽХ죬ȥѩҲϣѩ¡Լûκԥ뿪˵
ԣҲ˵ֻڹ֮䣬ȻϬޱȡ
ǷХǾḻ۷ʦϾ߽ʦԷ㹥ܿԵǱˣ·ȥͬвҶ


155 նɱ
ʱ򡭡
ȻԿбһȣ齣âʢն⻪ɣء׹⵱У̲ޱȿֲ
ݡ
һ̣齣ǺȻ̳Ũİ׹һͷŭݺݵسڷХĳǹϡ
ԳһХĿ϶ʱӿֳŨŨ𾪣ʱû֮׹ĳײ£ζʱ󵹷ɳȥ
θոշɳԵƾͽһѽеĳǹס
󣬿񱩵ӿԵĽǹ˹
ˡ
ХȻ˹ȻֻΪʱ̲ס
ĴȻǲᡣ
һʱ佫ǹ˷ռ䣬һתŷ˹ȥ
ɱ
ɫ䣬ɱ
ã
ڳԵԺлӦһҲ˵齣ϰ׹ٶȴʢһ֮䣬Ѹ˷⡣
ʲô
ŷѩʱһǿҵΣ˲ͷӿæͷȥǼһ־˵ٶɱرǳеĳǲеļµ
ѵ常ͱˣôô죿
ޱ𾪣Ҳ𾪵ʱ򣬸ûκԥ͵ΣŷХķӴܿȥ
ʩչطܹ۷ʦΪ常ο
ԼϿӣ˵һ̾ʬѣ
βŸܳһףǰȴǶȻһ͸ˮĻ
ӳ£ˮĻԵ쳣Ʋʯ
ֻǷȴûκһУڿˮĻоӿֳŨŨŭֱһն

ȫһҲǿˮĻ
ݡ
ӣڼ䣬һƷǶȻ
ʱȻ֪ԼѲˣӣô϶ᱻԸ̴塣

һζȻתϵĴȻųնɱȥ
֮ϣӿ쳣ۻԪŨİɫԪǳء
ƣ
ԷһԸͲһȣ齣ͺȻ̳ޱĽֱӻգӷĵкᴩ۶ɵĵУֽɻơ
ͣ
齣Ľ⣬ֱ˷ʺ
ŷԹ޵Ŀ⣬ԲᣬֱӰγ齣
ڵʱգһʵŵµȥ
ˣǸհӡ
ʱڳԵԺ
հ
ɫ΢ĿһתʱͿԶһӰɿҪߣӱӰȥǻհ
ȻհɱԴչȻ־壬Ͳͣ
ϾԶҲűɱ֮ĵġ
ݡ
ǰһƺݺݵڷڵϵĴ󵶣󵶶ʱƿշɳȻֻͨһţȻЯſֲܣѰʦֵܵ
ڻհʵΣյĸ֪ǳˣһʱתȫתԪݺһĻڴ֮ϣڵء
Ϊ˵һҲǴһʹ
͡
ȻΪֵһʱȴǶȻһǰٷŴ󣬶ûʺ
͡
Խ齣ݺһʱհİԴи

ԿϵĻհгɫʡ
빥ô
ʱڳԵһХƷȻԻͷȥǼХɱ
Ԫ۷屦ĳǹᣬХԲֹһʱʹõĳǹȻԪ۷屦ҲﵽԪϳ˵ĲΣҲ൱ס
ŹķХ죬ȴǳ˵Į顣
ȻҾͳȫ㡣
һԵϣҲǰ׹ǣޱӴƴɢر齣֮ϣǷһ΢Ľ֮
ݡ
齣ŭննڷХ쳤ǹǹ⴦
꿦ꡭ
һ̣齣ķâ¶ɣ˳ǹֱն£ɹؽɵԪϳ˱Ȼôնϡ
ʲô
һĻХ϶ʱ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫгţƼ˹Ƶġ
ܿ죬ͷӦֽһæҪˡ
һն£ԼϿ֣ԼƱػᱻһͬնϡ
֣°ɡ
۾һУ齣նµٶȶȻӿ죬ڷХ쾪ֵĿ£ֱӽߵ֣ն
գ
ûХ죬ǵһʱ俴ХָϵĿռָʱ¶һĨϲ˵ڷХ켸Ҫ˵Ŀע£ֻƣֱ˿ռָ
СϷҲҪɱ㡣
նƣХʹ࣬Խ뵽ռָУжʱӿֳɶƵŭ𣬺޲һڽԳˡ
ɱ
ХҪ֣һӰͻȻ֣Ʒ磬̲סһȥ
һȥһ߽ʦǱŷס߽ʦ
ӥצ
߽ʦ󣬿бǴһȻ䣬צ鲼ܣкʮͷӥצһʱ͵˼㡣
Щצ磬Ǵ߽ʦצһųԺȥر߽ʦצҲһƲɵ̬ɱ򳽻ԡ
ϣһֻɫĽצӣצ֮˸Źĺɫ󣬿ȥΪֲ
ֻצȻһԪ۷屦
ʩչ׹Ҳһ۷徳Ԫ۷幦
߽ʦԪ۷屦ʩչ۷徳Ԫ۷幦ͬΪ߽׵ʦӲӡ
ԡԶϹƽսŷɫޱ䣬æһǴȣԿˣ
ԡ
Կˣ
ŷ˼һĻɫǴ䣬ȵرǼʦǲһе˦֣ųԳ
ȻԲû˿ȴ֮ģĿⷴ˲
һԪ۷屦񣬶
ԿǳԼ߽ʦɫϲֱһȡ
ϣ
ͬĿ⾼Ӧһ󣬳Եƴ׹鲼ʵʣưɫ塣

һ̣˵ľע£Բûкˣ̽צ߽ʦצץȥ

߽ʦ״ϲɸֳһ̵Ļȡ
һʩչȥǺͬ׵߽ʦܹˣƾʲôֵ
ԣʩչ׹󣬿ĹͣͲκ˷˰
߽ʦо󲿷ˣͬ뷨ԺðĵһͷǳԿ϶ˣȻ濹߽ʦȫһ

˵צܿʹһ𣬶һ̣߽ʦϵĲ֮ɫʱøŨ


156 ߽ʦľ񹥻
꣡
ֻǣ״ûһϢʱ䣬ϵĲ֮ɫֱ
ΪȻ֣Լ󴦣ȻǴһɼ񵽼ʹ
ңʹûмֹͣ𽥼Ӿ硣
ʹͷ·Լ󣬱ֱšϡ
־֮ɫ
ȣ
Եצס߽ʦצһݣдȳ̶צ׹ʢĿ
͡
һ̣˵ע֮£߽ʦƣȻֱӱšȺѪ

߽ʦеĿ־Ÿһ׶ĵľʹ˲ʹ
Сӣ
߽ʦеʹ֮ɫܿͱ˷۷壬ƵĴһһɾǿľһ籩㣬ųϯգۼҪû
߽ʦļֶΣצϣʱԽšϣǷһΪȴ޷ʩչɱҪʹࡣˣܿסƴľʹûκεسɣֱĿ񱩾ųԺɱȥ
Ѱʦε֣츳ڵĲŻᣬߵԪ뾫ͬһΣߺٻˡ
ڵԪǿžѹƣǾ̫࣬ڵԪѹƲסֱҴܶ˺
ڹ˶ܴܴ֮ɳմһ̣߽ʦȻ˼ôࡣ
Ψһһ뷨նɱԣԼ
ʵȻǿΪߣҲͲôۺԼһеʹþߣǳʲôֵ
߽ܵʦӿİ羫ŷҵ˼ˣнӿֳ֮ɫ
ǵ뷨߽ʦһԵΪŶʦʩչطʵŵõľ϶ߡ
ˣ߽ʦһеطԼǺ޵ֵ֮
һʣԵľ磬ؽһŷ顣
ס֣ŷӿֳŨŨ֣һеس˹
ԣ㿪ŷѩҲǸֳʹࡣ
ϺŷˣҲǲһУǰ
Ϊ˵ĳԣ߽ʦšƺ󣬲ûȴǶԼ˲һеĹеľԼвûһ˿һľſ־壬˲ӿֳһɷϲɫ
һﲻǾʦȻʹþңҲг˷֮ɫûƬ̳ɣ˲ͽ¾תеѪƣһֻѵĺޣţ֮ӿ
ܵ뾫İ羫ʱøΪ˷ܣҷ

߽ʦʩչۻ뾫ͬˮһأ˳Եľ硣
͡
֮һž߽ʦʩչľɡ
Уǿ׻鳽Ծİ羫ûܶԳ˿˺
֮Ȼءо̾÷֮Լľ磬¾㾫粻ᱻֱӺɷ飬ҲܵСĴ˰ɡ
ʱڳԵľ統УһȦȦɫ߽ʦʩչľʱɾѾȫһǿѪâѹơաɣ𽥵ںϡ
ɾվ̫Ӵһʱ֮䳽Ըղˣڵ¾ת֮ʱɾѾѹơơ
ɱ
ȻԵбŷǿҵɱ⣬齣ֱ̳ȥֱӶһ㵵߽ʦʺ
ôܣ
ںߵУǿҵţ벻ףεֵסŵľⲻһеĹΪ൱߽ʦԻܵش
ŨŨɻ߽ʦվǵ˵ϡ
׳ԾǿʲôֶΣһδεֱ
⡭
һĻ˶ͣжһŵųԣϰζû˻ع
ԣû°ɣ
ȷӦŷѩŷͿ˳嵽ǰǵʵ
û¡΢΢ҡͷƳһ߽ʦ֣ϴſռָæǰһȡ¡
λǵļƻѾգôѵֲɣ
ŷ۾ŲԶվһһȺˣĺǳ⡣
ڷŶ̶̲ӵսУŷҿνʧ˴֣Щ˵ивŷҵҪʹŷɱʢ
ڸղŵĽУѾ֪˶Էݡ
Ҳһ㣬δֱָ˵
ڵŷң޷Է⣬ֻǴպѰֻ֣ؽյѪծ
ߣˡߡ
Ϲһһ֣ź롣
ԣôôǿȻ߽ʦܹնɱХ֮ǰޱȺȻأЩң߽ʦԼһɱ򳽻ԣȻʱѪеģͻԼˡ
ԣô
ŷҵ˼ϹƵ룬Χеʵ
Щ˵УŹ֮ģȴû
Կһۣҡҡͷδش
ɢΧųԣ߶ؼ塣Уշ飬ҪŷҡŷһУͬŲ֮⡣
ŷ˵ŷ壬ȻŷҰɡ
ãŷͷ
£һ˱Ըٶŷȥһ·˶С»ܵ˵ٶ͵Ϯ
ʱ򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ƿ˾ҵת䡣
ǱΪԵʵֻ൱Ľʦȴûϵ󱬷ʵȻ߽ʦܹնɱ
ƲɵһնɱһĽʦ̶һն۷ʦƣӲؽһ߽ʦƣš߽ʦȫڳ˵ȴû˿ãֱӡ
˵ƿһطǰû̫棬һģ֮ǰЩʩչطʵ߽ͨʦⲻˡ
طʵ̫ǿˣԲŶʦʩչطʵȴǱ߽ͨʦҪЩ
ԲǼԮֶηͬ찡
صŷҺ󣬳ֱӽŷѩеŷҵĸ䣬ȴһ
ЩУ޲ǳĽ뾴η
ȻܶҲõطۼʶʩչطʱӳʵǵһʱ佫ͷؽĵףұ¶֡
ҵУԾڵأɫƽͣ˿ûս
ʱڳԵľУžҵı䶯һƴ󺣰㣬ľзݣȻѪѹƣȻ޶̬
ȻѹƲ̫ܳʱ䡣ڳҲܻὫɾ˳ʱ䡣ڸոսУͿʼת¾Ӵľ


157 ںϾ

еѪ֮˾֮󣬱ںϡںڼ䣬Ѫ𽥱ô׳
ʱȥ󣬾еľűϡ
ʱѪƣǴϸﵽСĴִָʮ౶
ѪȻʮ౶Ҳþ࣬ҵľȴſﵽ۷徳磬ʦδͻơ۾һĨΡ
ɾȻӴ嫣Եľȴ˲ٷ֮һӶʦԾ˶׺ʦֱӴﵽ۷ʦ
ľǴľԼǿѪƣʱľȣĽʦ󼰡⣬ľڵõ˰ľҲõ˼ӹ̺չھ㲻ʹ÷߽֮ʦľԶ˺
Ҳ˵ֻҪǾʦ߽ʦչ񹥻Եľ磬ܵˡ
ѪƵõǿ󡢾õȵõߣ߽۷ʦľҲֱܹӽ֮һɡ
Ȼǰ˽ʦľԳ¾ĳ̶ȣ޷ɵģ׻˺Ѫƣ˼
ڳΪһʦûзİæڸ߽ʦ£ҲҵĶ˰ɣڳһʩչ¾˳Ϊʦ뷨
һ£ҪΪһʦҪԶԪȽסһǾǶԾƿس̶ȣﵽһּΪ߳ľ硣
־磬Ϊ
ڿǰ棬磬ֱ΢ϡ
΢ǶԾžƿأ¾ǰǲԶˡ¾ȻǴﵽ΢֮Ծľƿء
ϣҪ߿һĶãһĶõ£ּͬУκθš
񣬱ǿٿؾԼٿԼ޵ꡣ磬Ǿʦı־
ڶԾĲٿس̶ȣѾﵽ΢磬ҪһĶãǶʱɵİ
һ£תеѪƣһ˿˿ʱԺзӶ
ڳ࣬齣ذڷڵϡ
Բٿؾס齣ܿ죬Ĳٿ£齣ض
ǶԾľƿأþٿ壬Լٿؾй
Կ齣Լԣһٶȱ۾ʼת¾ܱߵԪ

ոת¾Ե齣ȴͻȻܿƣ˵ϣһ졣
ʧô
۾ε̾һȻҪһĶãһһϦ֮¡
ˣǿռָЩöɡ
Դӿռָȡռָ߽ʦԼХĿռָ
ľȻˣھĲٿϣȴǱǿ̫࣬û̫๦򣬳ԾͽǶڿռָеľӡǣȥ
ХȻһ֮Ȼ߽ʦĿռָУҲٶŰԼԪг˺Ԫϳ˱˰뱦⣬һЩԪ׹͸ҩҲв١
в̫ľϲԼ˵áЩڷŲСãּһ߽ʦĿռָߵĿռָУҩûʲô𵤺͸ֱȴ൱࣬ٶŰԼʮԪгϵı
Ԫױһ𣬳Խȫӡռ䡣Щÿõϡ
ôı֪ΪʲôΡ
ŨŨڴһ뵽˷ӡռС
뵽˷ӡռк󣬳Ŀ˶𣬡ﵽ˶۷ʦҲٶˡһľ飬ֻҪһҹʱ䡣
ţһ֣һĿֱӽڡ

볽Եں󣬱תΪ쳣ȵˢųԵ塣
Ҳڵһʱתˡͱ塷³˵幦
ǰԿ϶ὫڣһҲ壬ͻʦľŶ۷ʦʦľȴȥٿؿԳʦʵЩΣա
ڳԵǲĻ㵣ģľȻδﵽʦΣԾĲٿأȴǴﵽ΢磬㾫δﵽʦҲܹƿˢ壬һٳʦ
һγԲٿҲᳵ·̫谭ּͬյľʹȻ̲ס亹ֱ±ֱջ٣˸ŵ
ʱţɢϢҲ
ʦ׺ʦ۷ʦ
̲ʱɢϢȻǴﵽ˶۷ʦ
ϵĻ󲻽ûмٶǿ˺һŻ㣬ɢǿҵĻâ
䡭
״̬ʮʱϵϢٶȱǣһͻƶ۷ʦﵽʦ
󣬳ʱͣʱǿȻûͻʦҲֻһˡ
ҵȻһŴﵽʦҵĵȴǴﵽʦΡڷô𵤣ǿֱͻƵʦҵľŶ۷ʦҶֻͻƵ׳ʦȻҾﵽ΢磬ҲʹԪ
۾ϵĻɢһ۳ŵ壬һЦȡ׼õ·ֱӴϡ·ִӿռָУȡʮŰ𵤣ԶӰ㣬һſ̽ӡ
˲仯羫ԪӿĵԲٿؾؿԪ
еԪܿԪһԵڵԪΪԪϢѸʸߡ
ڡ׺ڡ۷塭
ڶ۷ͣһʱ󣬳ٶ¶ʮŰ𵤣ʱϵϢٴαǣͻ˶۷壬ﵽʦľ硣
ȫͻˡԻϲͣ۾
ΪٶȱǣȻΪˣڵΪǲʩչ¾ҲԿĽʦ
Ҫ֪Ľʦʦ֮һ൱Ŀ֮൱֮󣬳ܹ׵ΪĽʦ˾ΨŲܹ
ңһʩչ¾ֵԪ¾Ľ۷ʦԶԸ
ˣϲͻƵʦ
ոͣڳԵĶ
վߵԼķĿȻһЦ˵ȻͻƵʦȴǲ֪ͻƵʲôˡ
֮ǰԸХ˺󣬷֮Ѿʮ֮˾ţһռ䣬ʹöıʼָʵ
񣬳ԴӷϣȻܵһ嫵Ϣȴ޷ӦΪ׵ʲôΡ
΢Ц˵ˣҵЩڵΪѾͻƵʦˡ


158 ʦ
ȻʹﵽʦˣֻҪ㹻ıٶȣһǧﰡԸ̾һԭΪԼٶѾˣȴû뵽ٶȸ죬̶̲һʱ䣬ʦ
񿴴˳Ե˼ٺһЦˣٶѾܲˣ˵ǧǣӿ¶û˿Ժȡ
ҡҡͷûкͱ˱Ƚϵ˼ҪȣҲǺͱ˱ٶȣǱʵٶٿ죬ûʵҲ˵Ϊﵽʦ֣ڿԶԸ˽ʦ𣿡
ڷΪδͻƵĽʦ֮ʱԺ־ܹԸ߽ʦΪﵽʦⲻɵóڴ
Կ˽ʦô˹Ҽ򻪣㲻ܽԷնɱҲԿ˰ɡ
ԣ˵ͷҡͷóԿֱɻ
ȳѯʣ˵ˣ֣ȷǿԶԸ˽׳ʦǧܶԸָҿʩչ֮ҷһ⡣ǿʩչ֮ռеıԴ֮ǻɢڷӡ˵һϴ˺ԣҾýȲѣҾͲʩչ֮ˡ
ҵʩչ֮˺ӡԵüͷЦһʵǿҽҲֻܿԼˡ
Ȼûϵвÿϧ෴ңԼںͷ֣пܻԷһӶԼҪ󽵵͡
Ľʮֿ¡
ʲôʱԲòٿҵսͻȻʵ
ԣһЦˣʵҲ֪㲻ϲ˲ٿ壬壬δܴΨеҴһ̣ſ뿪ӡսʱֻҪûΪԶԶҵڣҲõݱ¶ˡ
ŶҪȵʲôʱ򣿡Բɵʵ
һҲˣֻҪͻƵ˴ʦ磬ǿԴ뿪ӡս
ʦͿ𣿡гڴãһȫѰҸָ߽ױġ
˵֮ʱ뵽ģʩҹæʩҹΪ᳤̻ҪŪ߽ױѶӦòߡ
Ȼ˰æ⣬Ҫʩҹˡ
컹δҲųȥҽھʦ°ɡһҲټϾһ;ҪݽϣųжȲ
ϣ
ϥ£
ڶ峿һӶ£Ժͷͣ졣
߳ңԱǿ˵Ⱥɵŷѩ
߰ɡ΢΢˵ͷҲԣֱŷȥ
⡭
ȻŷѩųԵıӰӣȴǶȻüΪʣʦŶ̶һʱ䣬ȻʹӶʦͻƵʦٶȡ
ԸߵſڣŷѩԼ۹⣬ԼδϵϢ±÷æϢ
ŸոͻƵʦãͻƵʦٶȣʵǷǳˡ
ڷ⣬ŷҵڶ߲ѾȺãһΣŷҵĸּǾĽʦΪߣȫȺ򣬴ִֿȥŶʮˡ
Ȼշ飬ŷ岻ٶȷԽֱѡ㳲
ŷ塣ǰȥͷʾ⡣
ŷЦʵ״̬ðɡ
Цһסǰû⡣
Ҳû˿ԴϽǰߡŷųԵ۾ڳԵĿУһ˿Īں
ⲻǱʾԲյսĶַԴˣŷԲΪԿĿˣΪ֪žԵģӶֵʵ
Ҳûĵ뷨˵󣬾߳ŷңֵĻ䳡ȥ
ãһ˱֣ϵˣ٣˲١
ſȺŷһ̨ʱڸ̨ϣѾ
֣û°ɣ
Ե˸ոճ̨֣ϾһӰ᳤̻ʩҹʩҹߵǰѹ˵췢Ѿ֪ˣ֪ûºҾ˽е飬ѾǶֵģǳԼһлӶŵˡ
ˣ΢΢һЦȻѾ֪ǵлһ
ʩҹɫΪԶΪЩæǸ˵֣ʵǱǸյ̨һùƺõʲôϢ̻и֣Ѿ뿪ǧǡ
и뿪ǧǣ
΢΢ЩɻȻ𣬹ҵУƺҲûڣδѯʵ˼ڵ񣬾Ӧ½յսסŷҵǰλá
ǧ˵
ʩҹ˵֣ȹùһһ¸֪ùãҿ㱣֤ǧУԲзҺͻӶŵˡڳҲᾡдѹǿԵĻ
µԺ˵յҪ񣬻ӦսԴʩҹĻ˵
ڷһлӶţԵǾŷȥԸȽϺá
ŷҵˣȷҪúôĥȻ״̬ȥ䱣סλãҲΪ
ŷͬҲֱӿ˵ʩ᳤ŷʧأǻԼȥġ
ȻˣǳúõϢսСӦʩҹ˵ţתŸ̨ȥŷ볽˵䣬ҲǴŸ̨ȥ
Ŀ˳Ÿ̨ȥǿ⼸ĿǶԼرǧǳϹٽĿеζǼΪ⣬УȴǿŨŨɱ⡣
Լյı֣Ѿǳ׼ǰĵɱˡ
ϸ룬Լ׹ȤӦñɱɣ
⼸ļ΢˼һ£ǲ²⵽Ϲٽʹǡ
û೤ʱ䣬͵˵㣬սʼ
Դŷѩˣ˻̨
϶кܶսŷңǾͲóˣȫɡϻ̨Աǵ˵
ԣŷɫһ䣬Ҫ˵ʲôҪڣŷѩȿ˵Сġ
ѩ
õģЩ˿»ûóԳȫʸء
ȫѵʩչطҲô
ŷȻɻ󣬵δ˵ʲôȻŷѩγԣֺٵġ
ڸģǺŷѩվһߣԵı֡
ڳ̨󲻾ãάɽһԾ˻̨ĿڳϿۣջĿ⣬̨£֪ûĸ壬Ҫսŷҵģ
ʱ̨µŻ̨ϵĳԣĿⶼŨŨ𶯡
˵ӣƺһˣӦеս
˵ŷܵİ࣬нʦʦ˺üԵʵǿ֪Ϊʲôûܵ˺


159 齣ǿѹ
㻹֪ɣҿ˵ʩչһطչ߽ʦһɱˡ
ǧ涨˲ʩչطȻŷȫֱõһˡʩչطʵҲ͸һ൱۷ʦƾ۷ʦʵҪԵֵսЩ˵ΰ
̨µĸۣĿƽһŻ̨Ż̨ϵˣδܵκһս
Ȼڼˣǰŷϡ
ȣŷʵ£ŷҲûȫóԶһӦս
ǸǼĻᣬֻҪ˳ԣôǱǿԽŷҵλã
ȻλûǺãһҾսŷҰɡƽ״̬δ̫ʱ䣬ӰʹȺ߳ϻ̨
ɢϢ˶ǴﵽʦĲΣͷһ˸Ǵﵽ׺ʦһΪȻЩ׺ʦҲֻһֻһΪڶ۷ʦ
۷ʦϣͬɢǿҵΣϢΣϢ˿ʦ
ãȻսŷңôھֱӿʼɡ
άɽҵ˳ֱ֣Ӵһ
ԣ֪ʵǿΪﵽ׺ʦҲûջ㡣Ϊһһҵ֣ͬԸ㡣ҴԨ˵
˽ŽɫװɢϢԿóǳŲ׵ΪҲǾþս֮
Եͷ˵һ˳ֻһ֣Ҷһ˶սǻҡ
磬ûҪ˵ϻһֱǣҾͲһܶԸվڻԨһʦ˵
ą֮̊́ԻʧΪĶ֣ǻҡ
ƵΪȻδﵽĽʦսȴԱĽʦԻƵǿƳ֣֧ʮй󣬷ܡ
Ҳ֪ʵǿᣬȻʧˣвδö
ϾƵʵʵǿᡣ
ϣһ۷ʦΪִ¹УĽȴִ¾Ȼָܡ
սʵгġ
ſԻ۷ʦʵôҪԸԣҲ൱һ˳ԣôǱǿԽλã
ʲôסͲڿǵˡ
Ԩųԣޱ飬жʱȻǵͷ˵һִ֣µǹӾʩչ
ǣ
Ԩ´ﶯֵ˷Ӷͬһֻ㣬򳽻ԡ
ݣ
ԨǺ˲嵽ǰֱ̳ٶԽԽ죬ռ䵱бļХ֮Խ
˳֣ȴûƶǶضˡ
ʱ˾ͺһΡȻɽǰܺ
ϣ
ݡ
һ
һȣԻԨǰбһӰȻ֣ӰֵģǵذݺᣬûԨͷƤ顣ЩֻһţһϢʱ䶼δһ̣齣ĽǰȴǶȻŷһȻ⡣
ĿĽٶȿƻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͳ˻Ԩǰһ״֮ıڶ·ռһƬƬ鿪
ĽȻƣûԨиֳһĨ֡
ôܣ׺ʦôһӲסҲģֶԵУԨʵĴһƱŷһŭĺޡ
֮ǰû̫Է˿̳ԲŸոʩչһУ˾ͱȫѹ·磬ⲻȫǵԤϣͬҲԼء
˱һ˻ˣǻҿ϶ᱶӶҲռˡ
ǽǲʹ˱Ըܣ
ҲԸܡ
࣬»˼״ͬǱŷͬϢϢѸһվǰĻԨƶȻȻԪ׺ڣϵƣȻ۷ʦ
޽
Ԩһг߸߾ػ¡
ʱ֮ʱһ죬һľ޷У˲ѡ
һ׽Ԫ۷幦Ҫ˺޲ŻЧ
Ԩ˴Сһ׽˴ɾ磬ʩչֱĽʦȫһ
ǿһ׽ǿƻ۷ʦ
Ƕϳԣ㾡ʩչ׽ȡܣȴǲ볽ʵȫǵǲһʱʩչ׽ڳϣʮϢʱ䶼ֲ˰ɣ
˿ʩչˡ޽ԨȻЩûзǰ־塣
ٿгն򳽻ʩչ⡣
ǰеŬעù
ȻڻԨ΢˿֮ʱһӰȴǰٷŴ󣬼̶ǵذ㣬ӿ˾Ŀע£û
ݡ
ݺӣƻȳһ㣬ǰһоû
ǰĻˣЩ֮£û̫ĵֿξ;û
˻
̨£һĻˣ˿Ż֮ȥľ
ôܣԵʵôôǿʵѾĽʦ˰ɣ
֮ǰԲʩչһΪôû뵽ʩչûңȻʮϢʱ䶼δ֧ס
̫ǿˣԵʵֻлҸҵˣܶԸ
ָ𣬲ą̊́棬⼸Ż̨ϵˣǸ̨ϵˣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ǳŨŨ𾪡
һ£ˣյ̨ϣٲȻǱʵ
˼˼û뵽ԻеʵʮϢֲס֪ϣֶܼ೤ʱ䡣һŻ̨ϣµضųߣһĨɫ
̨棬˵жӿֳ𾪣ΨмϹٽзǵû𾪣ɱ¶
ԣֶιǶ࣬ʩչط߽ʦնɱʩչطҲ൱ĽʦʵԽǱֵó⣬ҶϵܣԽ󰡡ϹٽŻ̨ϵĳԣ˫˸ŵɱ
ҡҡҡԪңĴļ𾪹ͬ¶Եɱ⡣
ʱŷʩҹˣעȫڸ̨棬δע⵽Ϲٽı仯
ǧеĸҪһشϴưŷʩҹûע⵽վŷԱߵĿϣȴǷһ㣬£۾Ҳ
͡
̨ϣԨ˱֮Ϣܿͱñң󽥽
ɢ˵¶
ʱУºͻѾֱӵڵϣϣµ棬ѪȾͨ졣


160 Ԫɷ̬
Ǽǵظ΢΢ţԲΪǻš
͡
ΨΪߵĻԨȻվšͬѪۼȫٶ³һѪԨϢήҵ˼㡣ڣЩɡ
߶ųԣһ˿мл飡
ԩ޳ȻնɱǡΪսپҲʹֶּΡָļֶΣȻǽԨˡ
ԨЦҡͷܹ⣬̰ðͲᵱͷˡҪҲֻܹԼ
Ԩ˵ţתͷάɽдˣԽɣȻǵѪҪˡ
һʤ
άɽڴ𾪵лعæԽ
ܿ죬̨ˣԨСشȥ
ˣһڼսûмսԵġʱάɽȻսŷңֱ˵սԣԼڣȻû˷Ŀ
ǿ̬˻ˣǰǷսԵļ壬Ϣģа־ٶ
Ȼʵף˵ǱȳԣǻңǶұ֤ܶԸˡ
ڳǰȴû̫ĵֿ֮
һʱ䣬̨治ǿֵˣ̨ʧܵĸ壬ǰֻˣϸ
ҵʵƽˣڻҶܣĸܶԸ˳ԣ
̫ǿˣ¾Һҵ֣ܻǲ֪Ԫҵˣų̂սԡ
˵ԷܹҲʩչͻ˻֣ʵ֮ǿᣬܿ⣬ʵֳʵҪǿࡣԪҲӦûֲ²⣬ǿ϶׳֡
ҲֻԪҵ˲ſԿ⳽ԣļͲսԡ֪ԪûбԸס
۵ͬʱһĿ⣬ҲǳԪҵķ˹ȥ
̨棬ԪҼԪɷϱƽУȴ쳣ŭ
ԣʵôܻôǿ
Ԫɷ磬ղǻŷҷôһ仰˵ˡǺǣɾʣ½һˣȻԺڸ̨ϵģ¾ûԪ˰ŷƫͷԪɷƽɫЦŵ
ŷĻԪɷ綢ǰһŷ壬⣬ԵʵȻǿҪһ֮Ԫ֣Ҳô׵ġȻԪսŷңôҾ⡣̨ϣŷҾûԪңԪңͲŷҡ
£Ԫɷ̨£ԪӺȵȻôϣսԣǾ͸óıסǶҪʧ𣿡
ĩˣԪɷУȻһ˿޵ɱ⡣
ˣ
̨棬ӴȵȻԴʱֳʵΪǿᣬȻǣɫɭ
ƺǸûԷС
⣡
һĻŷ廹ʩҹжһ⣬ǿóԪΪ˶ԸԣƺʹһЩǳֶΰ
Ǹ˵ЩʲôϾʲôδֳҲֻǵĲ룬һ˵˳϶ͽЦ
ԣʵ϶Ԫ⼸ܶԸġ̨ϣŷѩջĿ⣬򳽻ԣ˸Ī֮ɫ
Կ̨£ƽû˿
ھʵǰκιƶһ
Ԫ˺ܿԾϻ̨һ̨Ҳ᳽ԷűĿֲʵֱɢϵۻϢ
˵Ϊڴ˿Ҳ¶˳
׺ʦһʦ
˵ݣԶˡ
ԪҴԪͥΪ׺ʦһ׺ʦԪһʦԪۡ
ԣҲòϣʵǿһһУֻйƺͻʵѹһ㵱̫ˣȻͼһսԪˣΪȫѰ·
ϻ̨Ԫͥڽؿ˵
ƳԪͥһۣЩϻαض˵֪ԪҺ뽫ŷҵ˺Ҹ»̨Ȼˣβ춯֣
Сӡ
ԪͥЦһӿŨŨɱ⡣
Ȼصúܺãûɱ¶ȻǱԸ׽ԪͥӦյԪҼԪɷָ޷ңҲҪϧһдɱҡѾλáΪβŷԼ̻ᣬӦǴĳЭɡ
а˼뵽ܣҲɱӿҪҳԵͿûˡ
Կʼ
άɽ˫û˵ֱӴȵ
ȫ֣ԻԪ󡣡άɽ֮ʣԪͥоʹһ˫ӡ
ԵԪԪ۶ˣҲڵһʱ˫ֽӡ
͡
ʱ䣬ɢһܵһ𣬺һȦȦ棬ܡΧԪɲǼụ̀ƷҪٻһ㡣

ԪȻþҿƬ̹򣬾Ԫ۶ɣºХֲ
һĻ̨µˣ϶ʱ¶֮ɫ
ԪͥȻʩչԻԪһ³Կ϶ҪΣˣʩչ󣬾ӦЩְ
ǿһԪ۷幦ǽʱ̶ȣƺѾﵽɵزʩչ¾Ľ׳ʦֵܹɣ
ԪĵҪܳ԰϶һˣ֪˭ʤߣ
𡭡

Ԫͥ˵Ĳٿ£Ԫʱŭų򳽻ԣ֮ܿռ޲Ƿ졣
ȻԪһѾǵ˼㡣
һԸңǺǣϧˣڲٴ壬ȻĻǿֱһ塣
ԿŭĻɫ൱ƽ
ˡͱ塷ֻԵĹֻҪûдﵽһ̶ȣɲκ˺˵ԪͥʩչֹȫԱӡ
ֻʣ֮ʱԵϣŶȻһɸ͵Ϣȫºܻر֮ϣֱɢŨŨĻâ
âֱ۶𣬱ʵʵĻ쾧塣
ȭͷâȭ
ȭͷϣѪɫĻâ¶ȸߵ˼㣬գۼǰɢӴƣܿͱԵѹס

Ԫͥ˵ע£ԵȭͷһͬʱǰޱȵĻԵȭͷȴֽһ㣬Ȼ飬ûκεֵ֮
񱩵Ϣҽһ㣬ɢȥ
һ̨̣ϽһЩˣǸоͷϺһ¯쳣
͡
ɻҶɵĻ̨Ϣķ£ֱӳһѺۼһƬں֮ɫ


161 ɱ
ôܣ
Ԫͥ˿ԼֵȫȻ׵ؾȥ϶ӿֳŨŨĲɫʡ
ǵ㹥ѰĽ׳ʦӦԾܹӦҲɰɣ
ԴʱƵûʲô
ʵ޷ܣƽ⡣
λǾôֶΣֻԪҰˣ
Ԫͥ¶֮ʱǰһ̻վ׿ĳԣȻͳǵǰ
̶һޱȵĽƿ籩㣬Ҫɡ
ݡ
Ľһ籩ϯ̨ƺϾҪԪͥû
񷣡
ѸٱƽΣԪͥһˣӡ䡣
𣡡

ӡ䶯֮ʱܣȵĻԪ˲۳һʮɵĻ߿գһŭ֮ʩչĽʱɢ
˲٣Ϊ۳һģ϶൱֮ɡ
ִ齣ĿעǰƵĻ
糽ϣΪ۳һԪͥȫɵ˺󣬴ʱŸոճΣǵɫǱò԰еʣҲǰ˲١
ųԵĿ⣬ɭɱ⡣
̨ϣԪɷ翴Ż̨ϵһĻɫΪ֪ԪͥˣѾֶΣʩչһֶΣܻɱԣôǽһֶΣܹɱԣԪҲ൱Σգ뿴ġ
ԪɷǳԪͥ۳ǿĻɱԱĽ׳ʦ̶ֲȣǱѰĽ׳ʦҪֲ
ҪֵֻĹҲֻĽʦ
Ȼ׳֮ǰΪܹɻͷµͷ֮ǰĻҪǿ౶
һҪһɱ˳԰Ԫɷסϵķ֣ҲЩĽš
ͬŽŵģŷ塢ʩҹԼϣ֮ԽţȻǵĳ޷ֵӶ˺
ԻὫΪ¶𣿡̨ϣŷѩһĻĿת
Ԫͥ˵ĹȻǿȴû̫ĵǣΪǳһֱʱ򣬳Զδʵ¶
ڳԻǶʦ֮ʱȫչʵſ۷ʦʵΪͻƵʦôսﵽʲôأ
Ľ׳ʦ
Ǹߡ
һǧУֻйƣǳԵĶְɡŷѩڳԵʵǳţãҼǳԵĶ֡
ŷѩĿΣвδ֮ɫȻԪ֣ǳԵĶ֡ԪŷҲ֪ͣһλ᲻ʹʲôֶΡʹñֶΣһҪһʱ佫¡
ԵĹ˵ЧøͲ󣬾۳ǿĻҲᱻһնڽ¡
ԶǰĻЩĮƽ
̶ֱӽͱ塷ת¡
Ȼֻǽͱ塷ž磬ͱ塷ȴһ³˹³УҲΪεĹŸţǴɾԪ۷幦ܹȵϡ

ˣԲŸոսͱ塷תܵĻԪ֪֮䣬ͱøΪԾ񱩡
ȴԿֻԾ񱩣˭ɡ
ӿ鳽壬ر齣֮ϣǺתƸոմӻ¯ȡĳ
齣ȻǣȻԵĽɢ
ݡ
鵭Į齣ֱն嫵Ļʱһɫ޴ſеĻŭնȥ
ߣ۳ǿĻ֪ѶˣӭѶϣҾûһˣֱӻҽ
Ԫͥųɱǰĳԣһ԰׵ɫвɱ⣬ӡһ䣬ͷϵĻʱſ죬һƬܻ򳽻ԡ
ЩȻãȫһЩȵȻų̂ܵˣˣЩǿҵĻ䵽ԼϣԼˡ
𡭡
ٶȼ죬³ξ볽ԣҲǲף뿿Ժͷϵ棬ȻǱС࣬ܵĳּΪǿҵѹơ
ͷϾûԣϱȫѹƣ³ȥֻ·һҲǺκͣ͵أŴž޴󣬳򳽻ԡ
͡
齣ĿĻ콣⣬ֱնɱڻͷ­֮ϣʱֻȥǰֻǿ౶Ļַ·ֽһ㣬һչܷ䣬ɢڿռУų̂Բʮ׷Χ¶˲ߣﵽʮȡ
Χ˶ŽΪԪΪ¶֮£ǻв˶ܲˡ
ʱû˻ȥעе¶ȱ仯˵ɫӿֳ֮ɫǶû뵽Ԫͥ˽ʩչ˸ΪǿĵزȻǱԸӡ
Ԫҵˣһ䶨ˣǽǿֶʩչδܻ˳һ˿һƺԶǵǿֶΣһ㡣ʹԪйǾ͸ӲǳԵĶˡ
ԪҵˣӦҪԶ˰ɣٴȥҲǶ˰ǸͲǳԵĶ֡
û뵽ԵֶξȻô࣬ڴƺ͹֮
ʱ򣬸ûٿԪͥˣˣѾ˼ϡ
ҲԹǣϾֳʵʵ̫ǿˣԪֶκβûлĿˡ
ǺǣѡԼ䣬ѡ翹أһΧһٶȵ¶ȣɫƽǰɫĮ˵
˿̣ԪͥɫѾǲ԰׵˼㣬˵ʩչ󷨣Ѿǽƣս
ֻ˵УԸͿ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ҲóȻ˵䣬ȻǱǿҵľ衣
ǺǣʵȷǿȫǵԤϣ䣬ֻ˵Ǹˡ
ԪͥЦ˵ԵԪԪ۶ˣͬǲЦ
ˣٺʱˣֱʹĹɡ
˵仰ԪͥϵЦ⣬˲òֻһϣֱųɫԲ
ݡ
˸ûκԥոȡɫԲ򣬱Ǿֱ򳽻ԣܹųɫԲڰзĺХ
𱬣
żٷԼĳɫԲ򣬳Եһʱϳ£¼кëȻֲΣУ糱ˮϯ
ڵԪΪǿȣͻƵʦҲﵽ˶۷ʦһﵽ΢磬ڵۺսѰĽʦԻܡ


162 ǿնɱ
ȻҪʦϵΪܹһԵԪг˱ɱѷɫһĽʦȫһ
˿ڳǰȴǳų𱬡
Ҳ൱Ľʦֶȫһ
㹥¾Ľ۷ʦԵֵ
һĻ̨ܼˣ϶ӿֳŨŨ˸ֱӾ
Ȼû˻󵽣սڼ䣬Ԫҵ˾Ȼʹó𱬡
ųͬʱ򳽻ԣᵽŨŨϢǿ󵽣һ𱬳ɹըڱըĳԣضᱻըɷ顣
ʱһЩСˣѾ˫ۣ»ῴޱѪȵĳ档
⼸쵰ֱذϳ˳𱬺бǴŭ
ݡ
ûκԥٵˣų𱬣ҪӲԻᱻֱըɷ顣
ʱѸڳԵԺ𣬡ˣ֮ӡס𱬣жǺͳ𱬵ľϵ
ã
Ȼ֪֮Ϊοж϶Էͳ𱬵ϵǵһʱӷӡе֮

ʱһԪͬɫķ֮ԳԵָգۼڳ򳽻Եų棬ȫڡ
ոհס𱬣ڳ棬Ͳһ΢ľЦһ˵ֱӽ΢ľɵ

һ̣ԾһѾΪ֮ų𱬣ֱսռָС
ʲô
һĻǰһ̻ԹԼ˷ܵԪͥˣɫʱ䣬򳽻ԵĿ˲˼飬󲻳ԾǿʲôֶΣȻգ֮䣬ж֮ϵҽ뵽ռָС
ֶΣǸ߽ʦ޷
ղô£ôûбըǿʲôֶΣж˳𱬺Ԫͥ˵ϵģֶα˵Ǹ߽ʦǾŽ۷ʦ
ǰų𱬣Ǹ߽ʦҲ޷߽ʦų𱬵ͬʱըҪжǺų֮ϵѶʵ൱󡣡
ڿԵֶιȻǲڵеڴˡ
϶൱ʰ
򳽻ԵĿ⵱УǳһŨŨľ̾Եı֣ȫǹĿ࿴϶ԲʩչطʵͿ϶ܵ
̨µˣ̨ϵˣҲݣǵΪԴﵽ˸߽ʦżԪͥʩչ𱬣ͬ𾪣˿̼һ˦־ͽ𱬾ߣе֮⣬ʱױŷ޲Ǵλվ۾Ż̨ϡ
ݡ
˶һ𾪵ų֮ʱԵȻѸӳ裬Ԫͥǰе齣Ȼɱ£һ޷ݵı˽ƽ׷£ۿžҪڡ
ңЩУһ˿˿ľ
ָоͺ񳽻Խ뵽˽ʩչЩζ
ԳԹȰٶԼɱԪͥ˸û˿ߵĻᣬûлᣬʱûܴӷųԵıֵУع
ң
ڽ꼴֮ʱһĺȻԲԶ𣬶һӰɳ۶գۼ˳ڵĻ̨ϡ
ӰǼԪͥ˼ѣ̲סȵԪҼԪɷ硣
Ԫɷһ̨ûж˵κһ仰ֱӻƣԪųԹĽȥ
ɰԪԵĹȻδӴɢơ
ݡ
ԼԪɷϻ̨۾΢΢һ£󽫲ʩչ£λһ磬Ԫɷӹ齣һƬʽӰֱԪͥ
һΣûԼԪɷκλᣬӰڳ̳ͬһʱ䣬ǽԪֱͥ֡
ףң
Ԫͥд󺧣һҪ߶Ԫȥ
ҲȲǣ
һɫĮ齣ֱն£ͲԪͥ˺Ļᡣ
͡
һ̣һڻ̨𣬴
ͨͨԪͥ˵壬ź浹档
ȻȴʹֱһƬ
ʦΪˣȴֱӱһնɱҸ޷ʲôĵֵʵĽʦ֮£Ѱְɡֻǣ˸е𾪣סģȴΪԾȻɱԪͥˡ
ңǵԪҼԪɷ档
ˣԪһ˰ɱǣǵڽԪҵǽڿգԪɷƱزŹ
ѵΪŷҺ̻ĳͲκ˶
˶Ȼ֡
ղδ̫ʱ䣬һ֮Ȼ𣬶ǼԪɷһֻŭʨӣһ൱ѿɱ鲼

УԪɷܵԪ˲þҿſХԪɷƣҲһ̳ųĻ
⿴һģȴóԸеޱѹ֣ѣԼᱻͬӬһ
Ԫɷ磬ס֣
ԪɷͻȻһ˵Ԥϣû˻ϵڻ̨ϣȻҶԳԶ֡
ѾΥ󣬻ᱻָ
ŷԪɷһ̨Ͳ˲ԾʱԪɷȻԳԶ֣ûκԥһݣ˲Ϣ֮䵽˻̨ϣǿҵԪʱԪɷĹϯȥ
ߣСӣûţ
Ԫɷɫ൱ѿ˿ŷӣǷֳһֻӭŷ壬һֻƼųĻȥ
һȻСЩȴ߽ʦѰнʦԽ£οǳΪн׵ʦ
һʱ䣬򳽻ԵĿ⣬ǳ֮ɫʵǿʵ̫ЩȻԪͥ˿أֱһնɱ϶᳹׼ŭԪɷ磬Ԫɷ֡
̨ϣԼ֮ˣһĻһֻǿǾôɱ߷ϵǶ˵һ¡
Ϲٽ򳽻ԵĿЩ̾ϢһȴնɱЩϧνϵĶͬ취õ
ԪɷԼƣһ֮ϣܵһɿֲϢȻԪɷһһûϣѹԣȴ൱޴
ݣ
Դһ齣Ѹشɱһ˲䣬ͬʱʩչ׹¾ͱ塢һ
ԪɷһҲû룬ֱӽǿ׹ʩչ
͡
齣ʱһɺɫâ֣ȵϢԼһѪɫԻâ͸齣⸲ǡ

ͬһʱ䣬ԪɷȭͷҲ齣Ľ棬һ졣
һǿԪʱͬ籩ɢȥ
ţ
Ԫɷȭͷո䵽齣ϣǲһɫ΢΢һ䣬оû뵽ԾȻֶΡ


163 ֵ߽ʦһ
ȴţԼһ㲻ɱԣҲԽˡ
һѰнʦԺ˵صֵ
ŵŵŵš
ӿֳһʹ֮ɫǴ˿˿ѪԪĳ֮ˣֱ˵˻̨ıϷͣ
壬ȥҲЩҡҡ׹˵ļ

ŷĹʱҲԪɷһ𣬶ʱԪɷûˡ
ŲԶԵӣԪɷʱʮֿϧû뵽һɱֻˣʵֳֹ㰡
һɱԪӵܣѾжԳ˱ɱ֮ģҲһ൱õĻᣬȴǲջûɱԣֻ˶ѡ
Ԫɷ磬Ҳ̫ҪˣΪһ֮ȻŷҵԮ֣ҪŷһŷˣʱԪɷŭȵ
Ԫɷŭ˳ֺ֪Ԫ䣬Ȼ´˶֣ɱԪߣΪҲýѵ
£ȷǳùˡԪͥʱ̣ȴʹó𱬣ҪóأΪնɱȫȷġ˵Ԫͥʹó𱬣ŷһķŭǳֶΣ²Ԫɷ֣ڸղžͻᱻų𱬸ըɷ顣
ڸ̨棬ҡҡԼ˶ûϵԾȻֵסһУ򳽻ԵĿⲻɵö˷ܹڸ߽ʦǰֲóĿеĵλѸ
ŷԪɷʱȴûйᡣ
ȻҲ֪Ԫɷң̻Ȼûи򣬵ʩҹȻҲ
ѾʱʩҹѾվɱضŻ̨ϵԪɷ硣
ԿóΪ̻ûиڳʩҹ˵Ѿɱ˻̨ɱԪɷ磬ȻԪˡ
ǿôԸ⼸ͷߣҲô׵ġϹٽһĵĮƿĿ⣬ٶ̨ϵĳԣĿ˸֪Щʲô
Ԫɷ֪ԼʱʼձһּΪŭɫŷ˵ŷ壬㲻ҪΪŷܹλã󡣺ߣԪȻǧʧŷ۸ԪңҲô׵ġ
Ԫɷ˵仰ٶһۻ̨ϵĳԣ󲻵ŷ˵ʲôֱһת§Ԫͥʬ壬»̨
ѣԪɷôŹˣԪͥ׶Ӱڰ׷ͺڷˣѵԪͥˣ
ûղԪͥȻʹó𣿳𱬿ϽʹõģȻʹˣѾ׼ҲҪɱԣΪбҪ£㳽ɱԪͥԪɷҲ޻˵ҪҲڹ϶֡
û뵽ԪɷĹԾȻԵֵǾѰнʦԵֵ֪ڵʵ͹ƻжٲࡣ
˵ҿƺ˲ٵʵһǿùƣӻ俪ʼڣûκ˻κμܹùƸе
Ŀ΢΢һ˿̨Ⱥ۵ˣĮһЦɱԪɷǳصĶӣ᲻ұ𣿲ɱҳԣûô׵İ
ԪɷԳԱбɱ֮ģȻδ̫ϣֻãһ֣ҲǺǵġ֣һնɱˡ
Ȼ򲻵ѵ£Ҳٺͷ֣Ͼ֣Ĵʵ̫
ԣû°ɣŷ忴Ԫɷ»̨ıӰɫ൱ŭɶ򳽻ԣеʵû°ɣ
ԵϹѪɫЩѿȥһ㡣
ֻŷеȴǣԵ˫ۣǾȣУȥ˿˵ӡ
΢΢ҡͷŷģû£ֻһЩ˰ˣıԡ
߽ʦʵȻܶԿİղŲδʩչȫȻĻҳͣҲˣζŸղԪɷһȻЩļ¡
ȻɹֵסԪɷһƣҲǹȴܹظ߽ܵʦʵǿڵûһ˿Ļᡣ
û¾ͺã
Բ޴󰭣ŷҲ΢ЩڳԵĿأŷǧеõǰ΢ŷ˵ԣҪȥϢһᣬսѩΣ
Ȼ޴󰭣ԪѾܣŷѩһҲӦ
ŷĺ⣬Ȼ֪δӦЦŷ岻õģС㲻ʲôԲӰ쵽ԡʲôΪ˺۸Ӷ̨սңҲǲԪҵĺ󳾡
һ뻰Կ⽫ЩʱȥΧ˽ǵɫʱ΢΢仯
ڷżˣѾΪԿܵǿ֮ĩֻҪٸһҩ϶֧Ųס
ĵģŷһŷѩ̨æڿܵˣƺûеǰҰ
ʱ˵ɫȻȻЩΪˣѾûٸ׵ս
֪λҪս£Ŀ⻷ܣ˵
̨£ʱһƬžС
رһЩμǧļ壬û˸ҷ
ʱĳԿˣֳʵȴܶԸ
ӣ
ʱȥ̨ĸ˵սһ˿û
Ͳٶ˵£ѾûٸҶԳԷս
һȺСļһϹٽûٶԳԷսвɵһŭȻĿ̨ϵĳԣ˫΢΢𣬡СӣΪǲս㣬ȫô
һĿԼɨӣüͷ̨ʱǵĿѾջأ̨ڶ࣬һʱҲ޷ȷǵĿ˭
ȻǽĿϹٽ
˴ˣû˶Լǰˡ
ӦԵĿ⣬ϹٽҲأֱ򳽻ԡ
볽ԵĶУ΢΢ָоͺôҲһֻǿ׳Щϣһ㡣
һԼ˼ϹٽһʵĿдȥȻûٷսôսʹ˽ֱȷֱΪҡҡҡԼŷҡȻսѾˣôһˡ
Ϲٽ¶һ˿Ц⣬ȥܸ˺øС
ϹٽⷬԵ۾ȴУֲõĸо
ȻϹٽͣ㣬ٶ˵һսֻܹ巢սսŷҽ£Ĵ״̬áŷҳ˳һ˶˶֣״̬ҲãڳԣӦһսʱӦÿԿ״̬ͬ
Ȼ״̬൱֮ãҾҲͲ˷Ѵһʱˣ罫ֱǰŵھУ֪Ҿ


164 ˣ
˵꣬ϹٽһЦش̨ˡ
Ϲٽŷңҷ顣ϹٽŸո£ŷֱİŭȻ˵
οϹٽǲŹԣ׼ڳ֮ʣ˵Ը
ŷ壬ʩҹҲֱͬվһŭضϹٽ
ֻǣ˶Ϲٽеų̆Ļ󣬶ǰͷʾͬ
Ǹ̨ϵˣ̨µڶΧ֮ˣҲǷ׷׵ͷǶ뿴Եǲˡ
ŷ⻰˵òˣ£ʱԹŷˣûնɱԪˣ˶û˵һ仰𣿡
վŷ˵
վϹٽϹҲһǳ͵ٸԤ飬û뵽ŷҾȻ˲ǳҿŷ˲ŵ㣬ͼϽЩ谭ǧǷչŷҾܹٶȳΪ壬ǧǵĸҵҲܽǵȥ
ŷ̫ˣǰɱԪͥǶûָʲôŷȻ˲˷Ѿκ˶ˡ
ҵļԪ˵
ҼҲǵͷԮҲ֪ʲôͷݸɾɾһݲɾμǧ䣬Ƕǧǵ
ŷ⼸˵ĻζҪըˡ
㿪˵ЩʲôȴǶȻ̨ϴһڽЦһȺαļһ˵ôǲԸôȻ뽫ǰҳУôұǵ⣬ǰ£ҴŷҴӦˡ
˭ҲûϵԾȻӦϹٽ顣
󲿷˶سϹٽ֮ҪǰпܾŷҡԳԣ£ӦǾܵؽƺ󣬺Լлָʱ䣬ȻĻʲôȥԸĴӵܣ
ԵʵȻǿĴӵܣҲӹˡ
¿ȥʵҲߴͥΪҲﵽ۷ʦ
Ҳߴ򲻾壬ͬ۷ʦԪϳ˹Ѵﵽ˴ɾ磬ɱ൱֮
ƣǰֻĽʦľ磬ŹƵĳ֣һǧ䣬ھ֮λǻĪ
һƣֳĽʦΪͲ⼸ܱˡ
ʵǿҲֻǱ򲻾ͥ΢ǿЩܲǿƶһڹƣǲñˡ
˶ỳɣһǧĹھ֮λ˹ң˭Ƿʵȥᡣ
£ԻֵǿƣƺͲϹٽǰ·ϣѵԼôţ
ǣûȥһǧĹھ֮λ
ø֮ӣΪԼеʵͲκ˶𣿿׼ŷҲμǧ䣬һȷľûϵļһǧǵһ˿ԶԸ˵ġϹٽԵļڽ֮вŭЦϣһߵӡ
ʩҹȥֱӺȵϹٳֲǧǵˣʩҹͬҲǧǵˣǲҲҪԸأ
ʩ᳤⻰˵ˣҲ޴⣬ֻǾãĿˣǷһѵĻԺ󴫳ȥǧǵ൱ϹٽƤЦⲻЦ˵
ϵʩҹΪԳͷģΪԳԲΪԼ˽𣬶Ϊǧǵ
֮䣬Ѿ԰ڷŵǧǵĶ档
ʱ򣬻ҲǵͷȻʩ᳤ѣǧǵ˷ǲúýѵ˻Ϊǧǵ˺۸ء
ǣһһҪúýѵһ˲ó֣һ˺úùС
̫ˣǲúýѵӣǼϼһкˡԴСĻϷھ̲סӣ
Ϲٽ̬֮󣬻ԼʢˣҲǷ׷ױ̬
ʱǵĻУٲȻ԰ڷŵǧǵĶ档
Ǽ˵Ļվڻ̨ĴԼˣǷ׷׸޲ǵԵĲǡ
ʱ򣬳Ծǰ׵ģҲ˵˺ڵġ
ʱ䣬򳽻ԵĿ⣬ܿͱ
ŷʩҹ˵ɫʱ൱ѿǶ֪ϹٽѾɹɿǧˣ԰ڷŵǧǵĶ档
£Ϊ˳ԶԸ⼸壬϶ܵǧȺڵӰ졣
ϹٽһУνǾ
ϹٽΪ̻ԺͲҶԸôŰɣȹùýǱߵ飬ϾùùôǰҵҪʱ㻹᲻ǿơʩҹϹٽһŭʱδ˵ʲôڲ˵ʲôͽȻ
Ŀ̨ϵĳԣʩҹ˵֣ҲòμˣŷѾĵλҿ㱣ֻ֤Ҫ̻һ죬ŷұΪ̻ʵĻ顣ǧǵУû˭ܹ档
һʩҹԼֱ̬ӱ

ⷬе˶ʱը˹
ŷҲ̫˰ɣȻֱӸ̻ˡԺǧǣ϶ĸķչٶ˰
̻ǻʩ裬ŷǴʩ߰Ľ
һжΪԺʩҹϵã治֪ԵʲôͷΪǺʩҹĹϵ
˵Ժȹʩҹ˹ϵ֮á
ŷҵĿ⣬ǳĽͼʡ
ǿصŷʩϹϵһǧУûлκΣڲõĽҲƱػᷢչΪǧļ壬û֮һ
ܿ죬˵Ŀ˻̨ϵĳԡ
ʩҹ£ŷҿνǵõջ£Ѿǲٽǧ䣬ˣǾͶлʩ᳤ŷˡŷʩҹ˱ȭпϲҲתĿ⣬̨ϵĳԣ˵СѣȻʩ᳤⼸˾ȥɣҲһơ
ʱ򣬳ŷĿеĵλѾһĵزѾаȴһصŷңܳԴ𲻴Ӧһ䳤ϵҵϡ
ϹٽƵ˿һĻɫʱ൱ѿǸû뵽ʩҹȻڹϣŷҵѺ̬ȡ
£Կ϶ǲټʲôˡ
ܹ̻ˣǧǵһ壬Ҳ㲻ʲô˰
Ҫ֪̻ǧнֻûǧκһ˹
һξͷһء
ŷһΣ˵Ƿˡ
ʩֿŷңŷҵĸ֣ҿǧ̫ϵԣһǻȥ


165 ǩ
ԵЦƺʩҹŷҽˣ̫ôĴҳ˲ҲˣȻ˿ڿ˵ҪѵңұܶսЦ
ңҵҪЩģƾʲôѵң
Щģƾʲôѵң
ĻȻûκȥһ𣬱óмˣױŴ
ֿѾĿ޷ʿݡ
ϹٽƵǧǵĶ棬ֱӷǶԷǧǵļ뢣ҲûκʸѵԼ
еھ˺һ󣬷ϵĳƺҪԴɢĵľ
С飬Ϲٽ۾𣬶Ż̨ϵĳԣĻ϶Ծϻ̨һƽ
Ȼ޷ԣôҪ˵ߡ
ԣ³ç
ŷһԴӦæȵοϹٽʱҪԳ֮죬ʱ򳽻ǴӦҪٵΣգǼ
ŷѾõʩҹŵǲٷϣھŷ˳λãҲ˿ԥ
ʩҹͬһУҪóԷ
ǲٶ˵Ѿ԰˰֣ĿֱϹٽϹٳӦǰͲϿʼ֮ذɣҳԿԸǻᡣҽˣ
û֪ڳԵһ̤ϻ̨֮ʣһᾡŬŷ¹ھ֮λ
ŵȻû˵ǲԷ
ҪԵģǼΣȻûκȴȴĻᣬֱǰ
ãȻӲҪҾ͸ᡣڿʼ巽ȫϻ̨гǩϹٽһֱԴһ̴УӹͲ
һݣϹٽڳڵĻ̨֮ϡ
Ϲٽһ̨һӿƣ纣˰㣬ųԳˢ
ϹٽƳɫûκα仯ǰһ磬ֱϹٽԼڽѵôһʱ䶼Ȳô
ߣ
ϹٽһЩ𾪣ѹԣóϼˣһˣȴû뵽ѹȣڳȴһöûС
Ȼ𾪣δ˷ʱ䣬ȻǱ֪ԳԶ֣ļƻɹˣǧĿеĵλҲһǧɡ
ĴĴҲ˻̨˷ֱǹҵĹơҵĻơҵͥҵ򲻾塣
һϻ̨ǶϹٽ˵ˣǼ˵飬ͲĲ߲μˣÿֻɴ̨б֪Σ
ҲãͿԱԱˡϹٽֱӵͷӦûѯʳԵóͲ˵һԵУֽУǰֻǩ֣ÿγǩһֿաһֳֽĵڶֳǵڶھᡣˣǿǩˡ
Ϲٽ˵˱Ƿ׷ߵǰͲУһǩ
Գǩ󣬿һۣĿվڲԶ򲻾壬졣
򲻾Ҽʢ֮ӣκһֻܣǿ׳͡
ֽ򲻾壬ȴһ͵ߣЩ֡ҡҡͷûȥ롣
򲻾Ϊ۷ʦһһԪϳ˹˴ɵľ磬ʵĽʦ֮£ǴڶΡ
δͻƣҪԸ»ҪһС
ԣĶֿ򲻾壬ҪҪֱͶ䣬ĻһһȻĻҿҪҳŶԸҪĿ򲻾ƿȴǶȻһ򲻾Ŀд
򲻾ĻϹٽ˶һֻӡȻǲΪ򲻾һܹɱԣԶ򲻾壬Բжôõ³
ƶųԣЦһ֮ǰʵУ򲻾嶼򲻰ܣ̫ʧˡǺǣϣܹߵһһս
ƵʵȻǿĽʦҲһȴδƷϡ
Ψԣÿһıʱȥƺѹ·磬ܾãһֱδԼʵȫչֳ
Ȼ֪ԵʵжǿȴǽԵһǧУΨһĶ֡
ԵƳƣȷΪﵽĽʦǼûһܹȵ㡣Ϊ⣬;һܸ򲻾壬ͺʧҲ̫ԼˡʱϵҪΪӣҶû£ʲô
Լһ¿ãԽǧھ֮λһժĽʦΪĹƣԵһηĹ

һ˿⣬Եɶ֣Ѿ൱ߣȴû뵽ԾȻ˲ʶôͲ
ҾԳնɱ㣬ǻҵ֣ԡĿӳƿ򲻾壬ܹ֫ϣҿ㱣֤ҽ󽫻ΪǹҵѣһǺܿǰҲһ벻ջΣ
˶򲻾˵ⷬ򲻾϶һʱǰһ죬ʱ˵⻰ˣȴǹҼ򻪵Сӡ
Ĺңʵǿ󼰵ĵزܹύϹңջ񣬿ǱǧĹھҪӴ
򲻾Ȼ֫ͷԿûô򵥣뵽еϵ򲻾ظ˵ģ㲻ΪˣҽҲὫǸǷĿһ˺ɷ顣
ˣǶǩҿ
֮ĶԻϹٽвɵһЦڲǽǼ˵ˣҶ⣬ǳԣŷңпܻᱻҰжԸ
˽ǩĶϸϹٽ
ԵĶȻ򲻾壬ƵĶ綴ڻƣϺãһֿգֱӽǰ
ֿգ⼸岢ʾĽϾʵͥ򲻾˶ǲСΨͥ򲻾ЩϧֿյǩǳˣǼ˴ˡ
ˣȻڶֶѾˣ̨Ժ򲻾ڻ̨׼ԡ
ϹٽȡǩԸ˵
Ż̨ȥܿ죬̨ϣʣ³򲻾ԼϹٽ
׼𣿡Ϲٽվ̨ϣ˵
Ժ򲻾ǵͷ
Ȼ׼ˣǾֱӿʼɣ
ȣ
Ϲٽո£򲻾бǷһȣŲ̤
¡¡
ܵ˷·һִڶ˽µĻ̨·һ㡣
ʱƶţ˺һɽųԵͷ£Ҫֱɷ顣


166 һȭ
ս죡
ھ볽ֻʣ֮ʱ򲻾ûκԥֱӽԼǿʩչ
˴ɾԪϳ˹
ò˵򲻾忴ûʲôͷԣȴ൱֮óԲʩչԼĳԼյȫ֣Ҫһشɱԡ
óԵʵеҪǿö࣬ȫԸԽܣҲֻʹֶΣ䲻ػܳԡֻǣȴС˳ԣ
ȻʹֶΣҽͰ򲻾򲻾٣
ЦһȫµϢѹƣ򲻾ȫȭ򲻾ȭ
ʱ򲻾Ȼȫûһ˿һıĿֻһ֮ƣնɱԡ
ڼ򲻾ʩչԪϳ˹һЩվڳߵˣɵΪһ亹򲻾㹥̬Ѱ۷ʦпܻᱻն°
һЩӳԣóԵˣЦǿ򲻾һйԾֵܹʮа˾Ҳ³
أΨŷѩһ򶨣ΪǳԾοֲʵ
Ȼһ̣ϱӿһǿϢ
ʵϢ˵ǿֻǰǿһ׼˵ͨĽʦ򲻾嶼޷⡣
ȻϢ֣˵۾ʱɵùԲд˲ţһӡ
ʦԵΪȻʹﵽʦôܣŶʦ̨ϲϹٽ⼸ļŷԼʩҹҲ𾪡
ûܹͣΪγڶ̶һյĹΪȻԴӶʦͻƵʦ
Ҫ֪ڶ̶ʮ֮ǰԵΪһʦ
ʮʱһʦͻƵʦңӳǹʵϢͲǿͻƣ൱֮ι̡
ȻİСҲʵ̫ˡŷĿƶһ۲ԶŷѩߵɫеľɷȫɢûٻɳͻƵԡ
оɢŷҲһꡣ
뵱꣬ʱҲǧһţʱһʦͻƵʦҲʱ䣬һΪʱйС
ʲô
̨ϣ򲻾ڿԺ󣬱ǺܿͷֳϱһǿϢɫޱ䡣
ȻʦʦΣһҪһȭࡣ
򲻾ҧҧȫȫתעȭͷ֮ϡ

ҵƷٶ𣬳ųԳȥ

ԺȭͷڴʱҲ򲻾ȭͷһ
ȭͷһһСһʱʱ춯
ꡭ
һ̣ڶ𾪵ע£һĹ쳹
ͬһʱ̣򲻾ܰǿ׳壬Ϻ״ź󷽵˳ȥһڵأ졣

һĻһŴǲ֮ɫ
ڳչ¶ʦΪǲµ򲻾岻ǳԵĶ֣û뵽һȭ򲻾ͱԸһֻ֡
һ£ǳ˼ʩչ幦δʩչκһ׹
һڲʩչٶȵ£Ȼôò˶ãʵҪԽˡ
ΪĽʦĿϿԵı֣һЦ˷ܣΪԼܹʶôһе˷ܡ
ӣʵЩɲⰡǲպسɺ󻼣
̨ϵϹٽһ۳ԣ۾΢УתĿ⣬Ƴһ۸̨ϵĻҼӹ
ӹϹٽĿ⣬ͷͬɱӿ
̫ˣֵʵȻǰ򵥡һֵУĲҲڴˡ
ʩҹһϲ˵
ŷտʼҲͬϲϾϵԹɫ֮£ͲϹٽӹ˵Ŀ⽻вɵÿһ£׼ҪԳԺŷҶôߣҪŷҿûôס
Сһʵԭǰû̫صưھͿʵܻܻܲˡܹһ㳢ζģ
վڻ̨棬Եı֣ɵ촽лһâ
򲻾δأȭͷһ׶ĵʹܿͲԼĹͷԷˣ㽫ӺҲԼĴӰ죬бһǿҵԹ֮ڿ
СӣҪɱ㣡
򲻾һѸٴӵϷ򳽻ԣȭӶǿޱȵ򳽻ԡ
ɣ̨ϵҼʢæȣҪֹȻĺΪʱ
ȻҾͳȫ㡣һУҲһɱ⣬ղѾһ֣û뵽򲻾廹֪ô
͡
Եȭͷ֮ϣĿĺ˸𣬷Ѫҫۣһǿ͵Ȼȭͷ֮ϱӿӡ򲻾ȭ֮ϡ
ꡭ
ǿ͵˲򲻾ȭͷ͸ӿڣһѵ촫鿪ȥ൱ö
ֻǣΧ죬ͷƤɵһ飬ȫź
һȭԽ򲻾峹׷ϵ
أ
һΣ򲻾嵹ɳȥ壬󣬶֮ѪȴҲվǼؿڻ˭ΪϢ
㾹Ȼ´֣
Ҽʢϻ̨鿴һ򲻾ƣһŭضųԡ
ʱʢԪɷһֵŷҲ˻̨ʢŭ⳽ԣҲЦһʢ˼˵óڣѵû֮ǰѾˣ򲻾֪ǳԶ֣ǿж֣Լֲκˡ
ŷ壬㿴ҶǾȡඣʢһ䡣
ŷֱʢҲô⣬Զ򲻾´ֲֹκˣҪֻܹԼԴҳ鷳ŷɲͬ⡣
û̻ҲԲͬ⣬Ȼ̻ĸֲڣҿԱ֤˭ҳԵ鷳ˣºһܡ̨ϵʩҹҲվȵ
ʩҹе޲Ǿ
˭Ҳûϵ̻볽ԵĹϵȻõ˳̶ȡʩҹӣƺǧǵУ˭ǳ߻ңֻҪǶ˳һë̻ᶼԳͷ
һʱ䣬򳽻ԵĿ⣬ɱĽ
Ȼİ̻볽֮ȷŲǳĹϵӣ̻ͦԵˡ
ĽǧУ㳽ԵٶˣҲ˸Ҷ˰ɡ˵λʩ᳤Ĺùãǧǵĵһ֣ǧУƺ˸Һ԰ɡ
ٺ٣ڿɲ˵֪ʲôԭ̻иڶѾ뿪ǧǡǧ䣬ڽɾҪءҪԳԶ֣һŷס
ɣѵǸҹȻ̻ԣ
ԵڣҲ֪ŭѷ̻ᵽʱܲڶԸǧеɣƱػ⵽ǿûһĺô˵ڻȽΣյġ


167 Ƶɱ
ϿһŷʩҹˣеЩ⣬ͬʱЩΡԼھʵ̫ԶûһȻŷҺʩҰæһ仰ͿԾһС
ԻǰĿʢϿۣƿϹٽϹٳڲŵһ˭Ҳżһлȵ˵
ԣϹٽصɫ˻ȴ࿴˳ۣɻ
óѾҪԸеɻȴǣԼȻ֪飬Ϊһ㶼أѵΪŷҺ̻ǧͲܶɣ
뵽һ㣬ϹٽвЦ˵ǺǣλǧһЩ⣬Ҳ˵˱ԵļУһ˵Ȼ֮˵
ߣ
ʢһ۳ԣһץ򲻾ص壬Ծ»̨Ҳظ̨Ǿֱȥ
ʢ˻̨Ҳŷ˻̨
ǹҲ߹Ҳ֮ͥıԣλ̨Ϲٽ̨µ
ݡ
Ӱգ䵽˻̨ϣϢһиܡ
ֵʵȻǿᣬһǧĹھöˡһЦ̨ǼһӰ̤ߵȺǰ棬ͥ
ͥһݣֱӷϻֳֳ̨ͥŹЦȻϲǹֵĶ֣Ҳܻû־䣬ԣֵָ̡ܶ
ͥҲΪؿɬǩ鵽ĶֲǹƣˣҷһսƵĽʦΪȴĸо
˫ʵȫͬһϡ
Ҳϲ£㶯ְɡһͷ˵
ٺ٣ָ̡
ƶԼֳһĲͷͥҲðЩŭȴǱ˲˵ǿǼΪ֮¡
ʵǿҲҪҧ
ݡ
ͥ۾УȻǰ壬гȻʣڰջһĻȡ
䣬һ¡
Ľ֮УȴǼһƥɭɱ
û뵽ͥȻҵԪϳ˹˴ɾ磬֪εֵһϹٽһ
Χۿ֮Ҳвмʶˣһͥʩչ׽ж˸֮ɫû뵽ͥȻ֪ͽԪϳ˽˴ɾ磬֪һ
ӵĽʦΪһӦû൱װɣ
ԵĿҲ˹ƣҪֵˣźεǿʵ
ө֮⣬ҲǰŹ⣬ҹȥ
ƺǸӦΧ˵Ŀ⣬һƺжһֱֵ֮ӭͥĹ
ͥһ̨ͷǿƾȻֵ֮
һĻʱŴͣƾ̫ԸǶԼʵʮģ

ɻ䣬ƵֵһƲɵ֮ƣֱӽͥǿݿ飬ֵնͥؿ֮ϡʱͥߵķ󵹷ɳȥڻ̨£ϢѸήȥ
ôܣ
ͥѵվһ˵ڼңʹϳŨŨ𾪣һоѰĽʦܹȥû뵽Ȼһô赭дʵ϶ȱϻҪǿ
һΪǿĶְ
Ŀ˹Ƶǿûио־壬ķһսӿš
򲻾ˣ޷бԣͥȻˣûȫֵܶĵز䣬򲻾λ壬ͥǵơԡƣ̨ǩϹٽؿ۹ƣվ̨µĳԺͻ˵
ƶ˷׷ϻ̨ųԵĿ΢΢Щȣ֮ǰδ̫ԷǼԻľҡҡԪӵܣδ̫⣬ΪҲԼĵơ
żһȭ򲻾壬𳽻
ܸоƣҲþһܹܳԡ
ٺ٣ҵ񲢲һҪ㣬ҲǹƵĶ֣ǺˣӮܶνֻҪܹһƾˡųԣһЦ
ڼʶ˹Ƶʵ֪Լ϶ǹƵĶ֡ڳԣ˵ܹһ
ֻЦ֮ʱȻоһĿ⣬һϻѹֵĸо
ĿȥǿǺɫʵĵĮĿ⣬ض
⡭
ɵãһ⣬оԼһħţһʶؽĿջأȥ볽Զӡ
˶װŪ
ܿƾͷӦжʱһŭæųԵȥ
ֻ򳽻ʱѾջĿ⣬ƺϿˣ۾
֨
һĻƵȭͷ𣬹ǽ죬ɫȥΪͫɱ¶
ֻǣĿ⣬Կûһۡ
ֻУȻԼǾ͹ֲˡ۾΢΢
Ȼܵ˻ɢɱ⣬û̫ں˵ǻƻǹƣԼͬķʽȥԸ
ڸտʼȻѡҪŷӣǿƻ֣ܶôڣҲһŷǧǵľʱ
ˣڿʼǩɡϹٽؿһ۳ԺͻƣȻеͲ
ǰȥͲеǩֱһ
ǶôԿǩϵ֣һĻȡ
ǩϣؿšҡ֣
١ԣĶأǩųЦЦ˵ֻ˫ڵУȴǺӿɱ糱
ǰҵĶ㣡
ƶĿ⣬ƣɫƽƺδеɱ⡣
ҪԻƶˣ
ŷѩԵı飬ֻֽնȻ볽ദʱ䲢ȴãǲǰǧһһŵĻƣܿͻᱻԵ˵棬ݺݵزڽ¡
ڵȵһˡǺͻƶˣЩ֧ŷҵˣû͵͵ߣڿ콫ҴӮȥĵҩͳͳóעǶĻӮ̨棬ԶǻƵ˶ʱɧ
ǰҡԪҡԼ򲻾볽ԵսǺüζעһδαֳʵȴǲȥעġ⡱Ѿǳ˲СĿ
¼ԵĶǻƣ̲סˡ
ΪǵĳԻܸƣǳ԰ˣôǾûлעĵҩȻòˡ
֧ŷҵ˲û뿪һֱվԭعۿԵÿһԣʱΧֽעĶΪ׵ߵעעеĵҩбǾȫӮȥ


168 ţ
£֧ŷҵ˽еĵҩͳͳŵϣͬһСɽ㣬ʮľԪԼһٿŵİ𵤣Ѿܹŷҵʲˡ
ôĵҩΧ˺ЩһЩվԶˣҲΧ˹ʱǰδе
еĵҩͿעˣעĵҩԽ࣬Ӯ˵ĻǾͿԵõĵҩˣʼעɡ
áʮŰ𵤣ҵȫƲҴʮŰ𵤣ѾԼʣµţҾѺʮŰ𵤣Ļʤ
ҲŰ𵤣Ѻ˿Ű𵤣ҪȫӮ
Ҳո֣Ű𵤡
ΧһʼעûвμӶĶˣôİ𵤣ٶԱһƵʵҲʼע
עĶһأȫǶĻʤ
˵ȫûʲô˿óԡ
˶˶Ļʤ֧ŷҵɫɵЩѿû뵽ֳʵȻûõһ˵Σûһ˿
ЩĿǳˣⳡĽһ˶ڵġ
ϳԵѾﵽһʮǵûټȥǽĿ˻̨ϵĳԡ
ֻпԵıˡ
ԣͣ
̨ϣŷ·ԶɧҵĶĶɫЩ֮⣬˵ⳡԣѾֻغŷܷΪ壬ԼҲ˵ɶע˰
ŷǳֳʵѾ˼ˡ
޷ȥôĿеĵλֱӵ䵽͹ȡ
ֳɿˣɡһֿգֱӽЩɺ򳽻ԣ֧ŲȥˣǧǿĻܹҶսҲ൱û˼ġ
㻹ǺúϢΪı׼ɡԵЦһеǩӻϹٽֱվ̨һߡ
˸ûȤжԳԵĺɵöԻƵܻ̫ܵÿ뿪̨֪𣿡
Ƶͷİɣһᵱ˵棬»̨ġ
⻰ƷصͷЦ»̨
ʱڸֻ̨ʣ³ԻԼеϹٽ
Ϲٽ˶վãֱԣڿʼ

Ϲٽ£ƵȻһ΢ը죬ű񱻵ȼ
Ȼ࣬ȴüͷ΢΢ΪЩը֮ʱϵϢҲ𽥱ǿ񱩣һּΪǿĸо
ڻϢǵͬʱҲڷű仯ԭ볣һŻҺɫ
رȭͷȫ˻Һɫȥʯ
ǿȥᷢͲʲôʯɫһţɫơ
Ȼʩչĳţ塷
ţһֽΪԪϳ幦һǰͽ׹˴ɾ硣ΪδͻƵʦ֮ʣ㿿׹ܹһ׳ʦ
Ϊ˰ֻ̤Ľʦ֮ʱʩչ׹ʱҲǿһĽ׳ʦƽ֣䣬ܹԷѹ·硣
𣡡
ĳʱ̣ƿжȻһĵͳͬһ񱩵磬͵سգۼ˳ǰͬʯ壬ҳȥ

һȭҳжʱҵƷ·˺ѿ
һȭһУ۷ʦᱻֱӴ÷ɳȥ
Ƶȷһﰡ
ԿżٳԼĻƣҲǵͷƲ巽ɼȻ˿̼ٶȱֳȻѰĽʦ
ݡ
ȻţԵȴѸɵض㿪˻һȭ
ߣ
ƼԶһٶɱ
ݡ
ڻƵĹԲûȥֵֻǵضٶȻѾѰĽʦ𳽻ȴһߡ
Ĺÿζܹ䵽ϣÿȴǱԲ̬֮ն
ΪٶȣܹϱֲôֱǿЦ
ƼԲͣŭһǣһɿµƴӿ
ž
һȭȭͷǰը˱ը
ֱըһܽУһըǴӻƵȭͷڶըȭͷǰһ𣬶ըǰ⣬ҲǳԵǰը
ţ
ըһ𣬳Ծ͸оһǿҵΣӿͷӦǰĿɢһɿ񱩵
ɲըըǿҵӿ͵سųԵ塣

æ˫ֽǰֵɿ񱩵ڳԵֱ۴һɻʹʱʹȻǺܾңһ˿˶ûɣȴóΪľ
ǡţ塷𣿹ȻһײĹ
ȭͷڿУը󷢶ĹǵһμʶҸеȵǣ׹Ȼһ幦
һȭζôҵĹʼúһɣƼԱ飬ΪˣЦԸٶȳųԳȥΪ͵Ĺȭͷʩչ
ݡ
ƵĹյԱǿڿδȥӲ
ٶȱȻٶȻҪϲ٣ƵĹȻѸǿͣҲδ䵽ϡˣȻǸеʹűը߱ը൱
ЩʹԾͣĿ⣬ǽŻƣԺзźߵĹʽԼ·
ȻҲߣƱϾǳϰ幦νǼΪϵȻȫͬ򷨹ڣЩطƣֵý
ǻƼһﰡѾǱѹƵû˿֮ˡΪƿ⣬ڿЩ߿ˡ
ԭҲֻһЩǰԳǿĸ־ˡҲνˣŷеĵλΡ
ٺ٣ŷҸ̻Ҫˣȫֵ֧ˣҲôӣ˵ȹƣƶǱ֮ϡ
ۼԱȫѹ·̨µųԵĿӿֳЦָ
ǵĳڸ̨ϵļ峤ҲǸֳЦݡǿóԱѹ·Ͳǹװģرѹ·ƵÿһιȻ˵ҲܸһЩ΢ơ
ֻҪٹʱ䣬ĻųԾ޷֧ȥˡ
ŷʩҹ˶һۣжһĨǣҲǿڽٶʩչºȻδŤת棬ȥֿǰ
ŷѩŻ̨ϲĳԣɻóûһ˿֮ǣΪûзӱԿʼڣԳ˶ûнһΡ


169 ˵
ѵŷѩ뵽Ҳһߣһ˫ʱ𣬵иȴ𾪡
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ﶫԭҸ߿ˣûȤҲ÷ϵ㣬ñԽȻۿ뿪̨ˡ
һ£ֳͫڽ֮ɫĵıԣûȥ
£ƻƷǣȻδﵽĽʦΣԣȻǲѰĽʦ١

ȭͷͬһ޴ţͳų
񱩵Ϣ˺յĸоȭͷǰըͬʱ𣬲粨˰㣬ųϯȥ
ۿţֱըҪû
ÿϢ𵴿ռ䣬ÿըֶʵȻѾûٳȥǱⳡԽɣ
ϣ
ԵЦһ齣ȻʡڿлһĻȣ̶ֱ
齣
ʱ̣Թϵʩչ齣գԼԪĲɲǼɢ
ݡ
ɫĽ齣⴦ɢϢܱԪøΪ񱩡
齣Ľ⴦ĵɫֻĵĲ֮ǰȴΪ
ݡ
ĵ齣Ľ⴦ٶӿһӳڽ֮ϡܵӳ֣ĵǲڳĿע£һһֿĵΪ˵
齣ǿʩչ˵

齣ɢȥĽգƵĹײһ𣬶ʱһҵĺ
ƵǿһƵ
ôܣ
ϵЦɲǼסŵضǰմ벻ףԼǿһôᱻһ͸Ƶ
ǰһ̣СӲǻԼѹס
ǱԼѹƵû˿֮
ңղʵôһͽԼǿƵѰĽʦҲ
ˣ
Ȼ䣬һǿҵΣԻƵͷӿһĽâǰϷŴҲû룬Ʊٶȣˡ
ˣˣ
ֻǣ˵ÿ죬ǵâø죬ͬʱһĺҲĶ
־ӿæ߶еԪע˫֮ϣƴˡ
ȴǷ֣ԼƴŬǳԼĽâٶȷ죬ظܵԼͣ赲¿赲һâҲؽٸΪ͵Ĺ
âıᵽǿҵϢ
һεκˮԻƵĶͷϵƤ˳չ¡
ۿŽâٶԽԽ죬ǿҵϢûƱٱ
ϡ
ݡ
ƸҪߺ䣬Ȼһ̣ȴǸоһεĽԺд͸ݺݵسľ磬ľ紫һ𵴣еĻҲ֪ͣ
ݡ
ǵ̲ޱϢĽâǴӻƵС͸شĵڽâһĽӶԻƵֽŽиȥһƬѪ
Ƶһ㣬޾ԪĵвҪǮƵʳо·Ϳһ㣬ִʧĲԪڵѪҺһǿҼľʹ֫ݶ

ƵɲǼ̱ڵأͬһ㣬뵽Լ״жʱһҰްĺУǰһڣ˹ȥ
ȫž
Եһֱӷϵڲǰ֮ΪǧǵһŵĻƣ
ˣƾȻôˣȻôԸһϵˣ⡭⵽ĻǼٵġ
ղһʵ̫ǿˣƸ͵ֵˣû´ĻӦһ˴ɾԪϳ˹ɡ
ңڹ֮ʱƺһ˿ֶΣͲѰӵаǿľǺǿ᲻һʦˡ
̨µ˼һϵƣ޲𾪣ԸӡʱǷף֮ǰܹ֮ѹסԣȫΪûгֵԵʡ
ʱһֵ֣֮ûС
Ŷ۷ʦԪΪȻǴﵽʦŲ̋ϣŷһ𾪡
ղʩչԺеһͷΪԾ㲻ǾʦҲųΪʦǱʵţпϲ
ȻǧǵҲżųΪʦǱʵţǧȻżʦѶȣԼѶǺ֮һʦҪɳǶڹ
۳ԣǰòһʦŹʮʱ䣬ͻƵ˶۷ʦһܹоٶȣԲѰųΪʦţԱġ
ȻеźȴǣԵԪΪǱȾҪȽףҪһȽףⲻΪʦǱȫ
֣ʱЩЦá
⣬ַϵ˻ƣӹ϶׷Ź뵽һ㣬ŷæתڵԪ׼
ӹڴ˿Ҳվ̨֮ϣһϵƣ˫ĿʱһƬ죬ɱˡ
Ŀת򳽻ԣŭ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ƷŶ㲢δ̫ƣȴʩչ˵Ĺĳȷ̫ˡվڻ̨ϵϹٽҲǰ˵
ֺݾͿԣҶֺݵӦָܵ𣿡ԿòȻļһһмڼ䱾ͻ¼Ϊ˾ҪҽдʲôģҲ޻˵ҪҶ֣ҲûȡԼҪĽ
˵棬Ե۾΢΢
ϹٽӹֲϹӣղŵľѵôǰҪóʱôһڳ˻ƣǾ˵ģ񳽻ǸƵġҸǣҪͷԣŷҵһͬ⡣ŷλվᶨ
ʩҹҲ˵ûʩҲԲͬ⡣ǶԳԶˣʱ̻޷ﳽֻعһеĳ档
⻰ٶ𾪡
Ϊ˳ԣʩҹȻʩҶˡ
򳽻ԵĿ⣬һʱüΪӡ벻ףϾʲôȻʩҹ
ˡˣԻܻˣÿɸģ
̨棬֧ŷҵ˷ܵش
㡭ԲǽҶѣߡ᲻ǻһôһԹƿ϶䣬ʱЩ֧ŷҵ˿ɱ𲻶ˣȻǿǻᷭġЩҩǾͰǺúÿһɡ
ô൤ҩǵ۾Ŀ֮£Զˣǿ¶ҪֱӶֽϵĵҩȫȥˡ
ô൤ҩǿ϶ģ˵ͬʱѾ׼뿪ȥѺý赤ҩϣһڼ䣬ƻܳԣǽеĵҩȫӮ


170 ޵
ѵǾΪһԣƾͰٷְٿԻܳԣ
ƿ϶Իܳԣ
֧ŷҵ˵仰ЩҪ뿪ȥ赤ҩ΢΢ͣ˽Ų˵
ֻǵУȴԵЩ㡣
ǰļԣҲһֱΪԱذɣȻĽȴǴ۾
ǧĵһţԶݣԷ޷ܵ˿ѹȸС
£ȻʵǿǿǱ϶ΪһǧĹھĽһ
һʱ䣬ϲ¶֮ɫ
ϵĵҩ˶٣ȫûȥ
˵ʲô
˵ĵҩ˶ٿûض٣ǲҪǵĵҩˣ
⡭˵ģ
Χ仰ɵĵɴӣһЩ֧ŷҵˣҲһɻ
ٿŵİ𵤰õõЩҩȻΪһΡ
Ȼƭǡ
Ϊ׵˵ͷΪرҪһ¡һܼ򵥵¡
ܼ򵥵£ʲô£
Ļ˵ҩĿʱ
ߺ޵УΪ׵ĿΧתҵĿĺܼ򵥣Ҫó֪ĿеӢۡ
ľô򵥣
ֻҪǺˣЩҩߡ
ãɽ
ǿΪ㣬˸ûʲôĿǣֱӵͷӦ
һ̣һ֪ɶһ뺰ҪĸߺȻ
޵У
޵У
޵С

տʼǺܴ󣬵ΧĹۿԵ˼һ쳽ԵıԼ¼вɵþ
ԴһʼͲ˿ãÿ֮ǰ󲿷ֵ˶Ϊذɡ
ȻյĽ
ʤ
һԣǴŷңһȥԡ
ĶСȭͷϵĽݺݵظɷԷ
ľҵϡҵϣ֮һԪϣԪʹ˳𱬡
Ľһ⣬ȫɷ
Ϊǧǵĵһţǳ飬¶ᱻնڽ¡
Ȼ䣬̨¹ǵУԳһ޵е󣬷ٵظ
޵У
򵥵ĸ֣ʱΧйڵĿбÿһεźը졣
ô£ôںԵˣҾȻʲôƨ޵У⵽ô£
̨ϵԼ̨ϵϹٽͻӹĴ󺰣ɫ˲䷢˱仯
رǻӹһʱ뵽һܣһ·Ķ˹ڣŻ󺰡޵Сĸ֡
ĸȻ򵥣ȴǷǳ
Ϊһ
ϹٽλǧǵĳǧǵУû
ĸ֣Ǵһơ
³ٴĴ£첻ǽƻˣǽֱնɱӹԳΣȻĻǧǾ֮
һ̻ʩңһǧǵڡ
ӹϹٽйؼɫѿ˼㡣
Բܶˣ
رϹٽɫѿһֱ
ǸоͺǧǵĳǱ˳ԡ
飬һҸû꣡ӹضһ۳ԣͬ˻̨
ûôȷû꣬˭Ц󣬾Ϳ˭ȭͷˣ
ŻӹȥıӰвûӿֳǣɭɭӹȥΪСɻӹȴǴӲΪʩҹİæڻ̨ϣҪԼˡ
һŷң赲
Ұ
źСЩϹٽԪһֱ·˵׵ѹ
ȻѾ޷սôһǳԻʤ󳽻֮Ĺھˡƣ̨ɡϹٽһ۳µĹƣĿ򳽻ԣ˵ڼ䣬ȭۣǲٹ棬ǿԾʩչ
ϣϹٽ̨ϡ
ĻȻ˵Ժ͹ƫơΪƵʵȳǿ̫࣬ԻûлܹƵĿܡ£˵㻰Ǹ߹ƣԾʩչʵǽԴˣҲܵκδ
ңǷʲô⣬Իܻ߻˹ƣƱǵʵǿصĹңʱŭÿùҼ뵽ǵӪһԸԡ
ߣǵֿ̻ŭ
ŷ壬֮ûܹ꣬ڹϻԺñóԡ̨ϣѾưĻӹŷ˵
ŷĻ۾΢΢һУûȥ˵
Ŀ·ɨһȦǸĶĵطѾûȥעѾͣϢͻȻһͷӹô϶Իڹϣ
ߡѲΪܴܹƲɣҲҲòȥӹһ˵
ŷһȻˣһΣ
ģʲô
ŷң
ʲʲô˵ʲô
һ£ǻӹҲһ˼ŷ塣
ŷ岢ΧˣǶŻӹ˵ŷҶĳԻӮҶĹƲǳԵĶ֣֪ΪǧǵһμûҺҶأ
ˣˣŷֱǷˣѵΪԻǹƵĶ֣
ŷĻΧ޲ȻӹĿⶼǳĽ
ӹȻûӦĿºһŷȻҲ֮һܹȵǻңǻҡ
ҵ˼ˣҲŷǻҡŷ嵭Ȼŷңֻһ仰
ţʲô
˹ƣӽŷҵĲҵСԽӮ˹ơ
ŷ嵭һЦͽгһүү
ˣ㡭
ӹŷңֻ֣ôľ㶼ôʲôʱǧǵһļôûˣŷֱŻӹ˵
㡭
Ӧô㶼㲻뿴ԻǹƵĶ𣿹Ƶǿոֲûпò㣬øģҼչ˵
ӹۻ̨ϵĳԺ͹ƣĿⲻͣʵҲԿԻܹƵɣӭŷĿ⣬ãģҽˡ
Ȼ˵ˣһ⣬ƱԽһˣ㲻үүŷΣ
ûⷢԱƻܣӽŷҵĲҵ͹ˡ
˵ȷǼػ㡣


171 â¶
û뵽ܹߵһҸеЩⰡ֪ܸܲңľǶ۷ʦ𣿡һϻֱ̨ʵ
˼ȷȷԾûгΪʦǱ
ǳųΪʦǱôľȻǶ۷ʦ򵥣Ǳǿࡣ
ҵľǲǶ۷ʦⳡʲôϵôԵʵ
ƵͷȻйϵľǶ۷ʦĽʦסʦǾͲñˣֱ䡣ľֻǶ۷ʦڸղһܵսУû̫ܵĴˣҲ൱ƣۣҿԸһʱʱ䡣
ĸұ԰ɣҵľֻǶ۷ʦҡҡͷЦ
һԵʵˣֹǶ۷ʦĽʦ磬ô˵ҿνǽһС
һʵٵľʦĿ´ڡ
ʩҵıӻҪУѶȾ൱֮
ȻԵľֻǶ۷ʦҲͲ̫ˡ
ȻԵʵֻҪԵľԣֻǶ۷ʦôżģǻɱԡ
ȻľֻǶ۷ʦ֮ǰսУ϶ļ㻹ϢһʱɣҲϣҵĶ״̬ǿ֮ĩ˵һ衣
ϣ
ʵ
ҳԻҪκ˳ãְɣ
Դǧһʼͱֳޱǿʵĸ֣ϣȻΪͿ񱩵̬ܡ
Լȡǧھ֮λһսȻϹơ
ҪŷǧǣͱҪΪǿƵֶΣܹơ
ǺǣļһԼҪˣ
Ƽ˹ϣΪԲԼжʱɱӿĿ¶׹⡣еһ̽Ҳ΢΢
ʵǿһǧУֻһ˿ԶԸ㡣ԽıԣҲ֡㲻ҵĶ֣ԹģҵūһһƻؽеĶ̽鴤ʱһŨŨѪζɢ¾صĴӲҪԣһڵʸûС
Ŀ⣬ͬɭĵӰ㣬Եӡ
ԴˣԵĿƽ޲ûƵĻһ㣬Ҳϲϲ˵ϻ˵㻹ֱӶְɡ

кâһһ˲䣬ĽŲȻ˻δӦ֮ʣһĵâƿռ䣬ڳǰһ֮⡣
ٶ֮죬ֱ÷۵ݡ
ÿ죡
һĻԵͫ׶ʱһ̣ܵһ쳣ǿҵΣӿͷоԼƱħһ㡣
ʱҲܵõƵʵȻǻ򲻾˿Ա⣬㹥ٶȣһȺĪ
Ƶǿ֮չֳһ˿â
ϵƵʵ϶ǱȻƵҪǿϲ٣˿̶ϣǰߵʵǿ̶ȣƺеĻҪ

ݣ
ԽŲһΣŲƿض㿪˹ǿһ
ͣ
ֻոն㿪һɸΪٵƷȻ𣬶۽㿴һ˸Ű׹ĵ棬жٶ֮죬ֱ޴ɶ㣬޴ɱܡ

ؼʱ̣ǽ齣񵲣Ƶĵ棬ʱ䵽齣Ľ֮ϣһĽ֮
ཻԵǿĳ£΢΢Щ顣
һıҵĴ̻й֮£Ȼûܵ˿ˡ
ƿ۳е齣죬еĶ̵̻ҲǴﵽԪ۷Σȴǲȫ֮£ȻûóԵĳܵ˿ˣⲻɵָ߿˳һۡ
֮Ժã˱ƷϵȣʹˣҲҪһȻĻҲһƷʺõĽˡ
ʵվ̫˰ǽҰɣ
ƵЦһŲ͵ǰһ̤д̻гųԺȥ
ĵХ˺˿ռ䣬գۼ˳Եǰٶ֮죬ֱóûһ˿ϢĻᡣ
ݣ
ԷѾ̵˹ƵǿʵʱٶȷΪ͵Ĺƣ΢ŲΣö
ƵĹٶ죬ԵٶǲٶȻﵽƽĳ̶ȡ
ֻȻܹܿƵĹȴȫƸѹס֮ûС
ΪܹܻƣҿôֱǿЦھʶʶĽʦʵжǿ
ۼ޷Լ⣬м֮ɫЦһĵһ䣬ĵХƽռһиƿ˷ųֶȥȥ·Ҫֱû顣
һĻЩóԵˣʱޱȾġ
Ƕû뵽ƵʵȻǿز
رǳԣص˼㡣óƿ˵ȫڷǱ˼ʵ£ܹԼûʲôֵ֮һȫԼʲôֵ
齣
û˿ԥֱӽ齣ʩչ˵쳣ɫʱգĹơ
׽ѾʶҸ˿á
ЦһȻ£ĵԵ֮齣Ľˣ価ɢ
ݡ
ֻƸոջɢһεĽȴֱûԺ硣
ߣ
ŭһΪ񱩵ľľϯֱӽ⼸ûû뵽Ľһɢ󣬻ܹܿϧ⼸̫ɢҵľѾͻƵĽʦҸͲ˿˺
㳢ġ
ݡ
һ
ȻڹƸոȥ齣һΪ˵ĽЯǧǵضγɵĵƣ𣬶ֱϯȥ
Ӱڲôˡ
ô״ǴһȣϢǣĽ׳ʦϢӿûٱ˿
ϢĿǣΧԪʱøΪңеĴ̻У׹ǣһŨ׹סرǵ⴦˸ŴĿİââһ쳣Ϣ

ԪХ̻е⴦İâΧԪðâԵøΪĿҫۡ
ݡ
һĽʱЦһҲǽ̻пٴ̳˽֮ϡ

һ촫ɢȥƵĲͬǺɫһ졣
µĿԪͣͶ£ԵĮءƣһضųԣĽȻǿ֮ǰЩСˡƺһ幦ҲһʩչɣȻĻûҿˡ


172 価·
Ȼʶұ⡣һΣԵǵ˵ͷ
Ҳ֪ڹƽĽʦԪΪʩչԼȫû俹⡣
ƵĽʦΪɲƵһ㡣μǧһˣ϶ҩԪΪЩУȴûпҩʵ
ŷңԼҡ
ƵԪΪȫǿԪﵽĽʦΣҲǴﵽĽʦĲΡ
ӵʵĹƣеʵʩչôԣû취俹⡣
ƵʵȻǿ󰡣³ӵſԻܻƵʵҲǲܹƿ⣬¾ѰĽʦǹƵĶˡ
ȷȻЩֶûʩչƵֶο϶ҲֹЩȽһԼܻܵ˹ƣһսѾûˡ
ٺ٣ԭһΪԵʵͦڿҲֻ۸һЩСϺףһĸ־ˡ
ٵȵȿɣϾǧһʼʱչֳʵҲô㣬ʱ˭ΪԻܹƣڸոȴǿһȭϵ򲻾壬һϵơ˵Ҳܹӳ벻ʵأ
¹֮ˣûٿóԣΨģΪԿԴ漣
Ͼǧտʼ֮ʱչֳʵȷǲκ˿ãʱû˾ãԿԻܻơ
Ľʵ˴۾
˿̳Կȥȫ価·磬˭ܹ֤޷תƣ벻ķʽܹƣ
̨ϣŷŻ̨صĳԣжʱֳ֮ɫƵʵʵ̫ǿˣԸûжԿʱھ¹ƶԳºˣ浽һ̣ƴǧβҪҲҪֹⳡԡ
û뵽һʵȻôǿֿ²ĶˡϣЩôˣĹôǿҲҪǺڽյΪ
ʩҹȭͷĿ׹⡣
ڻӹʢˣһɭضŻ̨ϵĳԡ

֪Լȫָ޷ԿƣԲٱͱ塷ʩչܣһȦȦӿеˮԪǷڿ
ˣƱסһ㣬ȵϢϴɢԿ
Ȼһײ幦˵ŲܣһˡϲԸˣϹģҵūеĶȫҽյǿԿǷһ
ϱǵƣƲûоȣһĸȤ
Ӷûʸҳʲô
Цһ˼ڽ֮ɫ
ƵʵȻǿ٣ⲢʾԾ
߽ʦԶŷİնɱһССĽʦ
Ǻǣʲôھ㿴ʲô
ҲǱôһ˵ŭˣȫͬһħ٣ĵ˿˿ѪɫԴ̻ɢܹʮŵÿһ糤ڵâУһɵѪϢ
Ϣһǳŷİᵽһ˿ζ
󵽣ƴʱʩչĹǺεȵĿֲ¾ǴɾԪϳ˹ǲ硣
׹ڹңǧǸڹֲ˽⣬׹ʲôĹǲ̫˽⡣
ֻǣʩչ׹ӪļˣĿȴһ
۷徳Ԫϳ˹ѪүȻʩչˣֱɱţǸԵ飬¿϶ҪгƬˡ
֮ǰүʩչ׵ʱڵһĽ׳ʦ˰
ˣүūĸû뵽黹үֱѰ·
ԿǰѸɵʮŵֳŨŨأȻ֪ʩչʲôʮŵУȴᵽһɼΪǿҵΣϢ
ݡ
ٶȼ죬Ҳû̫˼ʱ䡣ܹϵش̳齣һƬʽӰʱγɣܾ֣γһƬɵķȦ

ڷȦγɺ󲻶ãʮŵǼĽཻʱ𣬴
ݡ
γɽȦȴûȡ̫Чǽ価ݻ٣絶һ㣬ϯ򳽻ԡ

һΣֱʩչ齣˵Ҫİ˵ֱƿ
ͬʱʮһɱĵ
͡
Զٶ죬Ȼǿ첻ϣǱУѪʱӿ
ڣЩƲأҳʩչˡͱ塷δ̫࣬Ѫܿͱֹס
ֻ˿ڣȴףһεĽУȫ価·硣
ĽӦѸݣһεĽ棬Ͳܵôˡ
һζΣ
ƲûмŽϷǸֳèϷ̬ųԣĿϵ˿ϻһĨĲм
ʩչ׵֮ʱѾµԼ޷һɱԣԼҲûҪɱԣ˵ʲôʱɱԣͿʲôʱɱ
֮Իųԣ֮ǰٲȻǼеŭ
Ըûκʱ
Ǵ˿̳ԳȫҲ׸
һȷǿ㲻ҲǱҸˣҲһζɡ
һοŪ˿Ȼвߣһǿҵս⣬ȴǴӿ
ǧ䵽ڣûһȫȫѹ·Ķ֡
ʱĹƣÿشһ
ȻԲܻԼʧܣԴⳡһʼһ֣Ա㱣㹻ҵԸߵķʱȫһ
ݡ
齣̶ֱ޾Ľ齣ĽмЯһɹȹ̵Ϣһ㣬Ȼơ

Ȼַʽôͬķʽߡ
ͬڳԿһҲܻܹơ
Ȥ
˷ʽԼȤЦһŲǰ̤һеĴ̻УҲǸնɱ
͡
ʱһɫâƥХγһƬʵĻĵʹΧռ䷢졣
ʱƵɫһţƺ˿ĳԿƿķ
ݡ
ȻΪƲķ֮ʱһȵϢȴֱӴ͸ķĻѸס塣
ʲô
϶ʱӿֳΪǿҵ𾪣Ҳû룬æ߶еԪͼֵ͸˵ĻסȽ
͡
ȻЩСƳԵһȻʱ˷ȵĽϣӡ


173 үү
͡
˿иѪǱһ쳣ȵϢգ𣬹Ƶ˿ڣҲ˺̿ɫ
һĻµˣʱ𾪵Ŵ͡
ǰǲκ˿õĳԣת֮䣬Ȼùˣ
⡭ƾȻˣԵȷЩ벻ֶΰ
⻹һ򵥵ļһѹģΪܹﵽʦĲˡ
ҪܹƣЩֶܰΣ»ûʩչء
ܹߵһѾ൱ˡһսˣ˳ЦϾĶʵ̫ǿˣ˵ǧһĵһ˰ǧ֮ǰ壬ӵУû˿⡣
ȻԻ˹ƣܹۿ֮ˣȻû˿óԡ
ǿܹ˹ƣȫΪԳȫƲδ̫Եʡ
ƳȫԱ˵˹ƣܷ֧ŵڣ˵
үôȫŪھȻǸˡ
¶ү÷ŭ˰ɣٺ٣Сûʲô£Ҿ뿴үǸ鿳Ƭӡ
үУȻҳû˶үˡһҪ֪ôСӸˡ
رǹҵһȺˣĿ׹⣬ƱԻˣ޲ϻ̨Զ⽴
û뵽Ȼ˺ңҸеⰡƵͷƣͫ˸ѪȹʣֱӳԣȻһңǽҲĺ˰
£ƻ£һǿͰԵϢĽʦԪΪҲȫɢ
ɽ

ƿбһĺ̻и߸߾£âʱԴ̻емųԺɱȥ
ЩâУ̲һ쳣ԵϢ
ǰһɽᱻɷ顣
ǰһӣᱻжϡ
Ե
һһֲĵʱ̨һӶݺأһĵۣǰĳԣնɱȥ
һĻ̨µĿʱ¶֮ɫϵƻŵûʹҲû뵽νĵƣȻǿԵĵ
㹥ĽʦԽ°
ҵ˼ùʩչһϽӿֳ˷֮ɫ
үڽһʩչˣǸСӣ϶ᱻһɷ顣
һ۷徳Ԫϳ˹һֻжүˡһѰĽʦᱻˣԸû취ֵ
˵طʩչʩչط˵ԵֵסүĹʩչطֵס˶үĹǽˣŷҲٱĵλ
ٺ٣ھͿԸҲƾԼʵȥֵүһˡ
ʱ򣬼ûκһٿóԣǸ̨ϵŷ塢ʩҹϣԼվڻ̨µŷѩóֵܹһ
һǲʩչطеֵ㲻ҲһƤ
¾
ȻΪٻ֮ʣԿжȻһ޺ȡľУһѪɫǰһ״
ѪƸճ֣ܵԪٶȣȻӾ磬ȫųԵӿȥ
ݡ
ʱ򣬹ƹĵâҲ˳ԵǰۿžҪһĳԣģնɷ顣

Ȼ͵Щâǰһ״ʱڳǰѪƣʱЩâ̺ԪҰԵأɶȥ

âмŵԪɸɾǿƿֲޱȵâʱͬûݵϻײڳʩչ˴ͱϣһ졣

ȻâвѾ󽵵ͣеĿֲȻóεɳȥݺݵڵأһ졣
͡
ţһȺѪʱӳԵĿпȾ˵档
ϵϢڴ˿ҲЩή
ڣϲδ̫ƣûеģģնɷ顣
Ѱʦ壬˵Ļᱻģնɷ飬ѰʦȴǲͬȻʦΣӲ̶ȣȴԶԶʦܱȽϡ
ҵĳڳԸ޷ơ
⡭
һĻΪߵĹƣϵЦתӿֳһĨš
ʵЩ벻ףԼŵȫһôܻᱻԵֵס
ǿԸûʩչطȫǿԼеֵ
ǹɲ϶ǸղǹĲǣûʩչطԪΪǸղǹɲԼʵ⡭ôܣ
ղųʩչ¾ʱ볽ԾϽĹƣȻǲѪƵ첨
£ϱǸֳΪŨľ
ԸܵǹĲĹ˴룬ȫһ˵ɱԣ˺ߣû
ǹƣ̨µԼ̨ϵˣһԼɻ
Ǹû뵽ԾȻԿʵֵסһ
ǸеɻȴǣԷǿźεֶΣֵסһ
ҲԸܵԲδʩչطǿʵеֵ
ԣҺ֪ղžǿʲôҵĹ
żѵվĳԣƲûټŽǻ˵Уһ˿̰
ʱǳ֪ԸղʩչĲʲôֶΡ
ƿֶΣ˵ԺĽ۷ʦʦԶԸ
Ĵ죬Ķ֡
һԻĴ죬ôҵļ֮λҲǿԽһˣ
ܵƵĻɻʱ⿪٣ҲµˣԿǿһֶΣƵĹȻԼǿеֿ
뵽ֶΣ˵жʱ̰¶Ż̨쳣Ǳĳԡ
ϢңǴ˿˿Ѫ·ڣе齣ȴǱֵýġ
ƵѯʣٿƵ̰飬΢΢һĨڽĻȡ
δŻش𣬶һ΢һ״̬󷽲Ųؿ˵үүҸ㣡
Ѿ֮ǿ֮ĩֻҪ㹥һ£ϾͿ㽫ֶθңҲһԽǧĵһ㣬ŷңô
ԿֶΣȻǲϧһˡ
ⷬǸ̨ϵˣվڻ̨ϵеϹٽüͷҲ
ҲõԵֶΣֶαȥõɾ൱鷳ˡ
Ͼʱµĳŵʵ̫ǲΪԻܾ
õҵֶҵȻԽ㣬ͬʱҲҪ㽫ǧĵһøҡ


174 Σ
ԱϿȥЦݣһº׽ӽĸоһ̣ȴͻȻЦһǾ仰үүүүʲô㣡
ԵҲ̫˰ɣȻô֪ôڿǲҪһһǧһãֶΣ
Ѱ·̫ڿԼʵˣⲻ֪ƶǧĹھ֮λͲ̫ȤȻȻᶼûа
ٺ٣ҿɣǾóڻбҪЭԳڵʵƺҲκβ˰ɣ
ԵĻ̨޲һ㵣㵹ϵ飬ҲǷЩ仯󲿷ֵΪëٲΪѾ˿Ƶʱ
̨ϵĻƵԼ̨ϵϹٽнǰ˿
ɿͬʱ򳽻ԵĿҲǱüڽǿȾٴ룬ֱǰ׳Ϊ
ҲãԼȻϽǰֶνһƣǲ׷Ź
ȻԿֶΣѾԵֵƵ๥ԣ˿̵ĳѾǿ֮ĩ޷ٽĵֿ
Сӣ㻹ǻòͷ˰
۾΢΢ҲûϵԾȻ˲
ȻˣҲֻʹ˰
ŵŵŵš
£ƽŲ̤ųڷһȥ
ÿ̤һƱǻһ֣ΰ㳯ųӿسȥҪ顣
ѹȣȻǲӰ쵽˿˵ƣ۷ʦϣ޷ѹסԡ
ƺϵԲܵԼӰ죬޶ԣû˿ȣû˿仯
ֻϣȴ֮ɫ
ϵϢҲǶȻޱȣŵ˸ܣиϢ

Ȼ䣬еĴ̻УʼڶտʼڶٶȻԵýǰ߶̻аڶٶ𽥼ӿֱתֻⲻһƬããĵӰ˸š
̻תƵʼ죬ĵԵ֮ӿڴ̻ܡ
ֲĵǹһ󵶷硣
ƵֱԼ壬ڵи֮£һֻϸĿӣѪʱȾӡ
ֻȴȻһ˫۾ͨ죬ųԡ
䡭
ϵϢԵƽ֮Ľ׳ڵԪϢȻǳ˵ϣǱڵص׵ĻɽȻϢˡ
Ľ׺ڣ
գ֮䣬ϵԪϢֱӴĽ׳ڣĽ׺ڡ
һĻʱ۾󣬺Ǿû˻󵽣ƵԪΪȻĽ׳ʦĽ׺ʦ
ǼԵ춨ȡûھĽ׳ʦΪȻΪ
ӪеļˣȻҲǳЩɧ
үڲٱʵˣԿ϶䡣ɶүôһеʩչǲŸûãǺ
⡶СһԪ۷ĹүƺСɾɣ׹Ȼ޴󣬵үƿس̶Ȳߣʩչпܻ⵽ɰѵĽ׺ڵԪΪȫѹ𣿡
ү׼һһɱˣһʧҲǣԶүһζ㲻Ȼǰʩչط
Ӫе˿ʩչ׵ϽӿֳŨŨ֮ɫû뵽ʱ̣ڱ¶ʵ£Ȼ׵Ҳʩչˡ
ھȹ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ǳΪǿõһƽ׵ʩչԽ³
ĽԿòҲ̶ݡ
ǹҵˣ˼ʩչ׵ı仯Ŀн¶һĨ֮⣬һЩģǿԿ׹ԲʲôͨĹҲﵽԪ۷ĲΡ
ţƣ
ƾ볽ֻʣ֮ʣԵüͷȻΪȻ֣ƷŶԼѹȣҪѹԼҪԼס
˴˿̣ٲȻǷԼ壬Ѿȫס
ݡ
ңƺܿͱһɹԵĵâתͣĵơ
ĵâȫסХŵĵϵس壬˲˵ϼˣѪ¡
óԸеģ壬ڴ˿̾ȻЩԶ
ˣоԼѾȫԼԻӭ籩͹
ŹƳŵӣףԼ潻֡
Լһ
Ľ׺ʦԪΪټСɾԪ۷嵶ûһ˿յֵ
ҹƿ϶ǿҵģԼʩչĹҲûֵһ
һһȻִԲ򣬲ʶôô͸ȥɣ
ݡ
Цһ͵һ˦еĴ̻Уһټ磬ŵâųԵɱȥ
һ֮ϣû̫ۻԪЯģֻΪԵĵ
˿̣ԾʩչҲһĹ
ǿҵζʱԳԵѸɢȫס
Ҫôʧô
ԵгʣŬôãôೡսΪľǰŷȡùھ֮λһȴǱ
ʱˣ޷ǿĹ߷ԷĹǱ֮ǰǿڹ֮ǰǿҵƣס
˵ƽԵ·ȫ
ʱĳԣһ֮֡
٣ȫ˶Ϊһ϶޷ֵ
Ľ׺ʦʩչСɾԪ۷幦ʲôֵ
ģʩչԼƣط
طǿΪȻɵֵһ
ȻҪٵĺǱȡʸŷҲ˳ǧ̨
ԣ϶ᱻô׻ܵģԲԣ
̨£ŷѩΨһһԳԻĵˣŻ̨ϱ޿ɱܵĳԣ˸ŵǣģȴΡ
漣ܹӳԵϵ
󡭡󡭡󡭡
̨ϣԲ֪˶Щʲôһ˫۾ضǳɴ̶Ĵ̻СĿע£ǷĴ̻УȻͬͷһ㣬СԵԺУҲڲϵطһǿҵĺ
ԵޱȼУûһ˿һطɢ
ʱԺҲûκ
Դ̻С
Ծеľһۿɲٶȷת
ݡ
ڣڴ̻о볽ֻʣһ֮ʣ˸źâ׼ĵ⣬Ȼǹһԣƫƿȥ


175 Ͼ
ΧȻ֪һж󣬵ǿܱƵѹʽĹԲѰĹ
̨һЩ۹ˣһ۾Ϳ˳ʩչһСС϶һԪ۷Ĺ
ҿӣȻԪ۷ĹСɵľ硣
ȻֻСɾ磬׹ȴԪ۷ĲΣ۷徳Ԫϳ˹Ա⡣
ʩչСɾԪ۷幦ǵжʱӿֳŨŨ𺳡
ԭǶΪԼСǧлǶ⣬ڱҵǼеһֱǲŸѧ
֮Ĳ࣬ίʵ̫
ʱҲپóԻֿܹƣԲطʩչʱΪܻܲ»̨˵
ʲô
ֻһ̣ȴǾط֣ԭ򳽻Ĵ̻УȻǼΪأһƶ򳹵׸ı䣬ûд򳽻Ե࣬ӶûֱӲ
һĻʱʹֱվӡ
رǹҵˣŴͣӰζز
ʩչġСǹҲǼΪĹʩչˣʦԵ
ڳǰǱԪ۷ı̻УȻôƫ˷
⡭ôܣ
ôܣ
жΪ𾪣һӣ˵Ϊ˵Ĺˡ
ۼԼǿȻ˱ʣĿ⾪벻ԵɣһƬհס
ݡ
˶һӻز֮ʱȻ䵽Ĵ̻УԸΪ̬ת⣬ȥٶ֮죬𷽲ŻҪ֡
͡
գڹƵͫѸٷŴ󣬼շӦ֮ʣضʺ
Ѫĺ󾱴һƬɫʡ
Ǿʦӣ

һͷƵ˼άʱȫֹס嵹صĳ죬ܡ
ɱˣɱ˹ƣôģղʩչʲôֶΣƿĽ׺ʦôɱˣ
찡ղôģȻԿƹƵıɱһһùӦĻᶼûС
̫ˣԹȻ˺ܶʵǵǿ֮ĩȻǿתƣնɱǿСʵ̫ˣԺȲѣҲܵ
ҲͱˣƿǹҶү򻪿϶ŹҪùˡŷҺ̻ᱣҲܹ
̨µ˶ǲΪιƻᱻɱȴ֪ԵĿ¾ԲǵģôһƲֱʵǿˣҪµöࡣ
Ҳ֪ɱ˹ƣŷҺ̻ıӻҵҲŹ
̨ϣŷʩҹҲһľ㵣ǰԿڹƵĹ»Ȼ൱ˡ˷ܣǻûüɿԾȻǿŹƵıֱӽǿնɱ
ϵֶΣ۾ʱɴ
ͱˣ
ԾȻǽҵĶүɱˡ
Ҫ֪ڵĹңǧб˵֮ǰ壬ǳЩİ
ɱ˼ҵĶӣ̻ᱣҲӰɣ
ֵʵ̫ţˣҲɱҵȥҹùãùùˡǿһ̻ᱣˡ
ʩҹո˻ᣬǱޱȿܣҲ⣬ζһҪ³ԡ
·üͷһһŨŨľ죬Ԫȴǳ˵ϣƳ棬ųΪʦǱʡҿӣֶԾƿأڸոѾͻƵϵľ硣ְ֣㻹˲⳥
ԱϵΪԪ׳ʦ۷ʦΪû˻ãųΪʦǱʣϼʶ㣬ȻҲһЩڲͬĲ²⡣
ڱ뵽֮ǰбƶԲųΪʦǱʣҶھĿƣȻﵽϵľ硣
ԣȻɱǶүҾɱΪǶү𡣡
𾪹󣬹ҵ϶ʱӿֳŨŨĿ־Լɱ⣬Ǳ֪Թ򻪵ֶΣʮа˾Żᡣ£ΨɱԣųԵԴȥ򻪣ſƽϢеŭ
£ӪˣԾϻֱ̨ӽ԰Χм䡣
˵УҪһμǧˣĸĽʦһʦһʦ
һϻֱ̨ʩչǿ빥ĳԡ
ʱվڸ̨ϵŷ壬ȻǰԮ
ʲôүɱ˾ɱˣȻ뱨ҾȥᣡȻѾϢήңȴ˿ɱһȣ񣬶֣
ǣˣ
֮ǰԱѹסǳΣʱͺ֣ȴһֱûܵٻѹһɰɱʱԵǹɱʱױ
ݡ
Ŀİ׹⣬ԳԵüһţһްӰӶ
顭
һֱ֣ʩչǿһ·ذѹʱ˸ڣ˲䴫˵Σͬ߷ݣɳȥͬڻ̨棬޲Ѫ硣
֮Ȼǳ٣ۿû˻Ļᡣ
һĻȫٶһļž
ղʲôôои˳ְˣ
Ҳои˳־³ԣɱҵˡôӰӶû

ܵ˿ҵˣʯ֮ͱ»̨˴Σ޲Ƿɻ
֮ǰΪԻʩչطԪΪȴǲϳԲûʩչط
ȻţȻһظֳڳǰڹ˵Ĺ䵽֮ǰͽǿƵػ»̨
ظֵʵƺȳʩչطҲ˶١
ԣû°ɣ
ŷʩҹԾ˻̨ߵǰһеѯʡ
ҡҡͷûʲô󰭣Щһ󼴿ɡ
ѾջطӡͻƵĽʦķ񣬹ڸ߽ʦ֮£˵û̫ĵ֡ҸղǴ㲻ҵεֵסĹ
ǱҪʮţҲ壬ĻڷӡԴһЩ˺ǳ뿴ġ
ҵ˸ͲŷҺ̻ﰡģҪô̻һͬ⡣ʩҹΪ˲óԵģҲǿ˵
л
ȻԸ˲ǺܵĹңǹұŷҲǸ鷳Ǹмصͷ
󣬳ԶϹٽϹٳȭۣڼЩҪҲûܿסڣûΥԹ򣬲֪ڿԽ𣿡
ȻǹҵĶүԼĵˣԾԲ顣ɱƻٵ鷳ǻϵس֡


176 Ļ
Ȼԡ
ϹٽЦһĿ⻷ܣ˵ǧеҲĻھ֮λѲӽԺŷҽΪǧǵһ壬Ϊǧǵڶ壬Ϊǧǵ壬Ϊǧǵļ壬Ϊǧǵ塣
ȻɱҵΣȴǱҪġ
ȻĻҲǵ˹ңϹٽ򻪶ϡ
ڿɱ˹ƣϹٽѾΪˡ
ɱƣƱػܵҵǿƱʱҲ϶̻ϡĻ̻ҪͦԣҲаտӦ̻ŭ
ڶԸԵ£ϹٽȴǵȲôá
ӳϣһЩԼҪĶء
̻ԼҵĸֶǲڣǸĻᡣ
֣ȻڼôȻŷҰɣڻ̻Ҳ£һȥŷҡ
ʩҹҲǱ˵Ϲٽӻӹ˵ɫͿóЩȲҪԳԳ֡
ȻĻȳԷصŷңǿɲұ֤Իһֱŷң˵ͻȻ뿪ŷҡ뿪ǧǣôǽʧȥõĻᡣ
ˣҲãԵ˵ͷûоܾ
ҲµϹٽ˿ܻǶ֣ʩҹߣϹٽٻЩɵ
ʵаλȥһҪúñչأʵٶи̾Ǻͷ壬ϹٽĶ֡
ԼʵϹٽЩ߽ʦû˿ĵֿ֮
˵߽ʦʦʦ׵ɱԡ
˵ףҪʵʵҪʵ
ɶ˰
ʱŷͻȻŸ̨һƽĻӹЦ
ŷ֪ʲôˣӹ¶ɻʵһʲô֪ӡ
ڸ̨ϵˣƫͷȥҲʲô֪
ȻԴŷȴöᣬΪ棬ϵˡ
ȷʲôû䣬ͬΪǧķϣһǺ˵һҵµӲǺӣ˵ƨһӣǾǹˡ
ŷ峩ĴЦ£ǳŷҷȥ
⡭
Ե֪ô¡
Կһ۸̨ɫѿ˼ĻƣµʲôҡͷһЦȥ
ŷѩʩҹ˽
ʱ˵Ŀ⣬޲ŷҵ˵ϡ
ǧ֮ǰŷҿ˵ǲ˿ãΪŷҽֱ˳ǧǵ̨ȻΪһгԵ֣ŷҲû˳ǧǵ̨һԾվǧǵ۷塣
ֽ֣˵Ԥϣ
ڵŷң˵ǳ׵ǧǵĸǧʵĹң׵
̻֧ţû˻ΪŷܹǧǳվסŸ
ֻǣһ̻ĿԱסŷңԼסǸ
ŷ塭
̨ϣӹŷȥķĿɭɭҲˣŷûгүү
رŷġӡа仹ڣָогүүܡ
ųȥıӰӹɱΣϵһһǱӵܣһƱҪնɱ
ԪҵķԪɷͫͬɱɱԪҵˣʬԪɷĲΪˡ
ɱһҪǡ򲻾ֻȭͷָڷࡣ
˿ǧǵ˷УȷɱҼԪĮ˵
̨ϵϹٽԾ»̨ȥ
Ϲٽȥӹæվ׷Ѱȥ
ܵ˼һĻɫӿֳһŨŨ𶯣ǿó⼸ˣҪȥ׼ˡ
ֻû뵽ǣǱԵļ壬ȻҪԸԡ
ͲõȵҳˣĴ壬ͲŹԡ
˵˶ԳԳˣȴʩչطɱķһ߽ʦԵϡ죬ɲһ߽ʦô򵥰
ϧ̻ĸڶڣȻĻҲҶˡ
˵̻ԭȵŮ᳤һŽ۷ʦϧ˲ڣȻĻǹҵһϣҶԳôɡ
˶̾ϢһزѾûٿóԡ
ܵ˶ɢ𣿡
ͨŷҵıؾ֮·ϣһ߷УվӰЩϹٽԼӹĴ֮ˣ˵Ϲٽ
ϵѾȫɢˣܵҲ׵ֻҪŷҵ˺ͳǸСһ֣ӲˡϹƵͷֵ̽ǵĻرӺͻִ
ãҾóԡϹٽ˵ţĿӹˣĮصλԶһдãץסжָ֫Ĵ壬ͽңǿΣ
ԣӹ˶һۣû̫ĳɣǽǷ׷׵ͷ
ȻҲõϵܣǶڳԵĺ⣬
ϹٳȻص̻ˣԱܣƺҲǺɣҲ²⣬ƺһĸء
֮ǰڻ̨ϷһĻӹüͷ΢΢ţңҾóӦ޿֣ʵԶԸǡĻǽҪ׽סѶȻ൱֮󰡡
򲻾Ȼ뽫ԳιǣӹҲ̲סͷϵĸܣȻǣҲʵЩͷۡ
صЩ֪Ǻá
иأôһβ޷׽סԣ̻𣬴̻ĸֹǽӿɾͲùˡ
رǣ൱ԵǱǽɱ˳ԣõĽҪٵģһֺεȿµı
ԵѪֶΣȻʶֹɱֶθǣһǶԳԶֶûгɹôǵжԻǵļһѡ
֪ڵʲôǣΪЩֻǿܵ飬ͷѵõĻôҸǣǰƱ֮ʱҾԱߣҿȷظǣߵȷһλ֡
ҿԸܵλȫʢʱڣʮһٸң˼һƾȫڵʵǵκһ硣
Ϲٽһ۱ǿ˵˼Цһ˵
ϹٽĻ˵ɫ滺һЩ
λȫʢʱڶôǿ󣬼Ȼʵ΢ôǾͲٵôࡣ
ʱĶֻ֣ãһ֣Ǽ˲⽫ֱնɱ
ȻλظʵǶôǿֻҪԽǵİΧȦ޷ˡ
еĵɢϹٽзżڽһЦ
⣬ٸһܣǰսʱʱ̣Եظܵһǿҵľ񲨶û´ĻԿ϶ųΪʦ츳ǿ츳ܹתƣһٻɱԡ


177 һȦ
ϹٽҲӹ˵һǼ˵ѵûβԳԶ֣̻ԺͲǣԺ󳽻سɳˣͲԸǣǶǴ֮ЩŲ˰ɣ
⻰ӹĿһŭû뵽ȻųΪʦ츳ղҪɱˡ
ϹٽӹһȻϹٳԴǧǸǲкǧһڶ֣ǲ֮ɳˣ˵Ҫкģˡ
ӱҪ콫ǧɳ
Ӳ
Ҫɱ
򲻾͡
ϹٽЦһλģɡ

֣صҲ̫˰ɣңٶôô졣ٶȣʩҵУûܹȵϰʮʦһܹԽ׻ɱĽ׺ʦô̬ʵԿ
һ·ʩҹͲͣڳٶôô죬п൱档
һǰʶʱԵΪŰ˽ߣʱΪǱޣҲû뵽Ŷ̶һʱ䣬ԵΪȻʹﵽʦ
һƾʦΪػɱ˹ôһԪ۷幦СɾĽ׺ʦ
ǿһԻѰĽ۷ʦǿ߰ȻԸնɱˡ
ʩҹŷһҲһضųԣǶ벻ףԵٶȣôô죿ԵʦΪһ㶼û٣Ҹι̣Ϣȹ̡
벻׵ģʩչСɾԪ۷幦֮ʱǿźεֶλɱ
ʱһһ˼ϡĽֵϣֵ˽٣Щ򳽻Ե˵Ŀ⣬ȴǳ˾η
Ŀ⣬ŷһˣΪܡ
ҵʵô죬Ҫðɡ
Բûϸȥ˵Ҳû˵Ŀ⣬ʱ÷Χ
˵ʩҹߣȫΪϹٽ˻ΪʩҹڣͲǶ֡
ٺ٣Ҹ׸ùö˵ҲʵһءʩҹЦ˵ɴûĹϹٽ˵ʱ򣬻Ҷô
֣ҿǻǻ߰ɣ㿴ΣڳԵĿϣѹԳ˵Ѿ˳ƺڵĳ顣
ϵͣȻǵüͷʱпһĿ䵽ϡ
ʩҹʱͣӿֳŭѵǻҶǶ֣
߿ɣҲҶˡ
ҡҡͷδ˵ʲôԾĿȻﵽϾ磬رǿҪΧǷ൱ѡ
ԵĻŷ˷˿ǰС
ʱǵɫҲûиղôÿһľ衣
յǿǻؼǵá
ȻǵǰУδ̫ʱ䣬ڳԵԺ𣬡ˣ߽ǵȦˣǵҲͬʱһȺ֡
ǻǾҪҶôĻԻͣ˽Ųüͷ΢΢š
ȻѾ˼׼Ϲٽ˿ܻ֣صһ̣һĻǳȥ
ȻϹٽҪ֣ǱǱǰߵѾӦ̻ŭ˼׼
֣ôˣۼͣ£ʩҹ̲סѯʵ
ʩҹŷ˶ǵһʱ򳽻ԣʶ¶֮ɫ
ԿһۣЦһ˵룬Ѿµˡ
Ƕˣ
ǵģ
˻ȻһԴֵĿ⣬ʱȥ
ǵΪֵܹڰˡ
ҲؿˣǻġңҲصģǵĿңǡԿһ뾪ֵŷˣĮ˵
ԵĻŷ΢˿
ŷ忴ŷ״̬ҲӿֳŭǸˣܶԷĿ˭ǶҪұóԡԳʲô£Ҳػŷˡ
ŷڲԱдٰŷ˵ãȫʩҹս۵ףвӿֳŭ֮ɫ
ŷ˵ı֣ʵΪʧŷõͬҪ¿ҪҪ̻֧ŷˡ
Щµ֮˵ɡ
ԲδŷҵЩ˷ϣĿǰһ߷λǵӦõȵͦɣȻѾˣǺβֱ
ǲ¶ˣϵȷһλˣѹܹˡ߷֮УϹٽԵֱӷӶһǰʮ״
ݡ
Ϲٽˣܻһڵĸֳ֣Ե˾ΧסЩ˵㳬һˣ͵һΪǴﵽĽʦĲΡ
ΧȦһ߽ʦԳȥ
ǺǣλǴֱʰΪҳԣȻɳϰλнʦ߽ʦҲǴﵽ˽ʮˡ֪ǽаնԸ𣿡ۿϰλнʦλ߽ʦ֣Բû˿ľţЦ˵
ֻǰЦݣȴϹٽһɻ
޿֣װǻƣǰڿճǼƣ
΢˼һǵ˼˺ߡ
㳽صظҲܶԸô˰ɣ
ûаգǽҲͲᶯˡԣҲԸΪߵЩ˰ɣֻҪԹԵظߣҿ㱣֤ԲᶯκһˡȻ㷴Ļҿɲұ֤Ƕ԰ȻȥϹٽЦ
ʩҹŭЦһϹٳ㵨Ҳ̫ˣ㵱ǿôƺ̻ᶼ˰ɣֱǿҵҪ㾿ҲҶԳԶ֡
ʩ᳤֣ԵĿʵ޷̣ǽղһѵһˣѹǧǿԸ̻һӣڳһ£ֻ˵Ǹ
ϹٽһʩҹϵʩҹΪԳͷ׼˵Լ׼ͲᱻʩҹĻв
ʩҹȻҲˣϹٽȫδڵ̻ûûǰ
ŸùһǿʵϹٽĻҴ򳽻ֵ⣿θҲҵĻ
ʩҹһƬŭʱеǿʵýϹٽЩˣˡ
Ϲٽŷôŷ߿ǰһҸ㣬ҪһëҪҵʬϿȥ
˵֮䣬ŷ߽۷ʦۻϢȫ汬˺һͷŭʨŭܡ
ϣһǿҵľ֮ӿ

ŷ塭

֮޲𶯣ԣҲһûϵŷΪȻߵһ
ŷٶԲ̬߸ʩҹҪϹٽˡ


178 Ĺ
ԣһᾡסϹٽˣҪѰߡҲŷұɶôǿļ壬ֻϣ㣬԰ŷҴȥ
ȻŷƸһ΢ľӿ˳Եľ硣
ŷ壬Ҳ̫ԼˣΪƾһˣֵܹסǰ˸ˣŷոԴϹٽǿЦһ

Ц£ϹٽƴǣŷǿϢͬˣݿǳŷγɵơ
εգۼǳ嵽ŷǰһŷ塣

ŷҧȻ֪Ƕ֣еԪһƺϹٽһ𣬷һ졣
ŵŵŵš
߼ûƬ֣̽ŷǱˣĻңϢһήҵͳŷӣҲһ̱ò԰ޱȡ
ȻΪ߽۷ʦϹٽһƣ޷¡
ϹٽһΪеʵû뵽Ҳֱ̫ʧȻңҾȴųС뿪ˡ
Ϲٽǰβδͣ£зЦ֮ϰ׹鲼ۻԪȻŲԶĳץȥ
ʱڳȻվ˲ˣЩȴ޲ǱϹٽƸѹס־ȳԶǲУֻǷŭ۾ؿϹٽƣųץ¡
ˣһ˸ֻǺſԶԸеڳԵԺ
Ǿͺ塭
ˡӦ£׼볽Խк壬ܿ죬ƺӦʲô˵ȵȣΧƺˡ
һ㶣ƾŷĸӦĿһ۾̲סһУȻ˰
Ϲٽ㻹סְɣԺԵˣ㲻ҪٶˣǻĹȵˡϹٽ볽Ծֻʣ֮ʣһͻȻӸ߿
һϮϹٽǹǿ󵽿ŷƣȻֱӱ顣
ûκεм֮
һò˷ϣ̬ŮӣƮ£ڳԵǰ
һ˻ǵŮӡ
ȥ˫ʮ껪ȴɢ͸ǵ⡣
һ˫͵ĵۣϸ۽̣۲ת֮ԣ˷顣
ŮϴһϮۺɫȹȹϰٻȻЩĻ׺ȹϣȴȫΪŮӵġ
Ůӳ֣в˭޲
ǧУǾǴδһǧĵŮӣŮӣûоݣҲ˰ݵʯȹ¡
οŮӵݣǧУѰġ
˭
ϹٽŮӣ˻ᣬ󷽲ŷӦʶʵ
ȻղŵһûþȫԲѰĸ߽ʦԵֿġȻǰŮӣȴڻ֮ƵĹףǰŮӵʵΪ㲻ǿҲԲ
ССǧǣûʸ֪ҽݡ
ʱԶȻƮӰò̬Ůӣ
˵òȻǰŮЩҲóԵɫ΢䣬ΪǺȻ֣ǰŮӳ֮ʱǵľ磬Ȼɢơ
Ǹе𾪵ȴǣŮɢϢȻ˲佫ȫ˸ѹȥ
ȫŽʮ߽ʦϰнʦŮϵƣȴֵ֮ûУͱȫѹס
ŮϵԪһȻǴﵽ߽ʦǱϹٽҪǿ࣬ﵽ˿µľŽʦ
ǧǣҲ̻ǰ᳤ʩΪﵽ˾ŽʦĲΡ
ŮӣǼ
һʱ䣬ŮӵĿ⣬Ǳþη˿ûΪԷԵԵľӣж֮ġ
ΪǶó߶̵õ塣
һֿԴ˵ļ̡
Ȼǣ
ڳԣϼ⼸Ůӳ֣üͷ΢΢
ϣʩҹҲһɻ
Կۿϣδѯʣ⼸Ůϣδ⡣
Ҳ΢΢˿żŮӳ֣Ϲٽٲ϶֡
ǧǵĳϹٽɣǺͳ֮ʲôԹҹܲţҿԸǣǲٶˣǵˡȳֵŮӻǰһԹаĻȡ
λѵǻĹȵˣϹٽŮֱӣ̽Եѯʵ
סȻ֪ĹȣеʶŮüͷһԾ죬󷽲ŵͷǶǻĹȵˣڻʲô𣿡
Ϲٽһͻû뵽ԷǻĹȵˡ
ڻĹҲ̫˽⣬ȴǳ̻ʩң򲻿ɵȫŮ˵ĻĹȡ
ǵ˻ĹȣĹȵȺŮ˻ɱ㣬ǶԸֶΣԻҪɱĳ嶯
Ϲٽɻ벻ͨʱ򣬻Ĺȵôǧͷ
֪ǻĹʲôϵΪҪ˱ӻȻϸϹٽҪȥԸԣ뵽ϵֺô̲סҧ˵
ιĺ܆ѵҪҸ𣿡ֻϹٽûȵΪŮӵĴ𸴣߳һŮӣͷ˵
Ϲٽͷ϶ʱ亹ֱΪ˵ŮӣΪҪ߳٣ﵽ˾ŽʦĲΡ
ǣ
Ϲٽͷ󲻸Ҷæתȥ
Գŷˣôô죬ԻĹȵŮӣȴ˵һػĵӶûС
Ϊһǰ⼸ŮҪԼ֣Կһ
ӹ˼Ϲٽ̬ǲҶ˵仰ȻʣѸٵظϡ
ܿ죬ֵϱֻʣ³ԵһȺˡ
ʮΪʹﵽʦǱȻôãû뵽Сط˲ţЩ˾ȡΪ׵ŮЦ˳һֱ˵ǻҪȥһطûʱ˷ѣֱӸ߰ɡ
λǧǻвҪæ£ضǰĹȸλл
Ůȥ൱ᣬȴһҲҲȥᡣϹٽԴߵ̬Կǰ⼸ŮڵĻĹȣпǱʩһҪֲһ
óԾôˣҲǲܵ¡
ϵʵ̫࣬νĻĹȣ϶Ǹڶ࣬һʲôԷǱߣҪʱҲϵĺô˵
Ͼϵķӡ½κһǿ߷
СѣȻҲǴĻǲ뱻ƨƨˣһŮӽһ
ԵûΪԷеĴ̹⣬˿Ķҡ
û´ĻλӦǻĹͻȻǧĹɣ֪ĹƺӲԵӵİɣѵڹҪĵ𣿡мܣվڳʩҹվ˳Ц˵
ǳվԷҪֱӽԸץˡһԷпܻᴥŭԷӶԷŭ


179 ϵ
Ϊ׵ŮԼ֣ĵ϶ʱֳһƾ죬ʩҹЦСܵܣĪӿʩҵˣ
˵ţǧĴʩҹһһʦΪ᳤ֻ̻ʩݵģƺֻʩ˰ɣû뵽ʩȻСط
Ҳ²᳤ֻǧҵѣ̻ʩѾɳ֣׼ٿһֻ̻ᣬλ᳤ԣǧܹԽʩҡʩҹЦ˵˵֮ʱȴǲֱǧĵ˫ۡ
ǿɲأǻĹҪһǱõ꣬ãòײŷһôøʩءǧЦ΢ϧˣùʩڵĻ˵һһء
⻰ʩҹĽüҲš
û뵽ǧľȻһӶҪùó棬ùڵĻα˵ȥԷ
ǧļʩҹ˵ٶ򳽻ԣЦСܵܣղſǾһŶڽߣѵ㻹Ը𣿡
֮£֮⣬վԱߵʩҹˣŷѩһŮԣɫ΢΢á
֮ǰмֶܹ
ȻΪʵԽսҪסǧĵȻ󣬼ûпܰɣ
ܹǧͣǳԵҡʱκɣˣһȿǹɡ
֮⣬ǲԸˡ
ԵĻش޲ǽĿ
֪ΪΣشʩҹ򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ǳþ
벻ףԾεסǧĵջġ
ûбԷԻסȻԷݷͬ죬ʵǿÿ£ȻʶʩҹλʩӦǲԳԳ֡
Ȼȴǵ͹ǧĵ˵ľġ
վǧԵһλŽʦŮЦŵСܵܣȥ˻Ĺȣ˵벻ջӴ
˵֮ʱŮӻųȥһۡ
֮УһԻ֮ǳԾƿأѾǴﵽϾ磬Ȼ̲סһ¡
һȺ˵
гΣҲû뵽ԷľľȻô󣬵ʱپܾ¾͵õԷ˰
Ȼ»Ĺȣǿһѡܲ;Ҫ
ڳ˼λӦԷ֮ʣһֱվڳδ˵һ仰ĿϣȻĮУȴ͸¶һǰδеϣĹеȷżĺôرǶ˵֮ءȻҵֵܲȥҲܴߡ
ȻҵֵܲȥҲܴߡ

⻰һ˵ڣ˵Ŀʱȫۼϡ
˭ҲûϵڷŻĿϣȻ˵˿Ļһֱǧģû˿á
͵ʶίʵǽǾòᰡ
ѵͲǧĵŭ
ǰȺŮӣǼ򵥵
ףλСܵܣ˭
ǧϵĻĿҲ¶һ˿Ĳ죬û뵽ʱ򣬾Ȼ˶˵
ô
Ȼ볽ֵܣǿ϶ɵӰ
Ƴһǧģû𰸣򳽻˵֣һô죬һֱûԼݸ߹㣬ɱҡ
˵ﻰȻңȻһԭ򰡣㡣ЦһʾԼ⡣
ϵݷͬѰֻǿϲ˵ҲȥʣڿϾȻǧĶ̫еЩ档
Ǿͺá
˿󷽲ŽĿǧģ¿ϣºС
ϱԼĴºţԼŷһüͷ΢΢ºǿǴδ˵
νݷͬѰһСºţ
ܿ죬ԱǷ֣վԱߵʩҹվڶǧĵˣϱСºź޲ӿֳһŨŨ𾪡
ƺνġС֣˼ΪµϢ
㡭ǸݲϿǬΨһһŵӣʮͻƵһʦһʱ䣬ͻƵĽʦСͣʩҹȾ̲ס
ʱ˫ſϣŴϣŨŨĲš
޷ţǸһֱվڳƸƵ꣬Ȼӵ˿ֲݡ
ִʲôʩҹǳӿУھް԰Ŀֲڡ
˵ǧǣʩңʩҶԸǵĻĹȣͽᶼͽ᲻İ
ţӿоԵߡߣλҲǾԵĲɶҡ
һôңô볽ֵܣⶼʲôʲôǰһ̻аհѿؾƵǧģϵĻӼһƬ˼άƺЩ·塣
ǰֵıȻĹҲ˶ٵʩңѾеΪ֣ǾԼҪ뻭Ĺȣһյġ
˿ֵ̳Ŀϣȴֱ붼Ըȥˡ
ǿϵֵܣٽӣҲȥΪѳԡ
ǿĹȿЦ
治𡭡
ԭ¾Ȼ½ִ£û뵽СŮҽ컹׾һأûܵһʱϳִ£ִĪҪ֡ǧԴǸ˵Կϴ˲˽⣬һŭ˶ԷĻĹȣпܾͻֱ͵ˡ
㲻ΪԼǣҲҪΪԼĻĹȿǡ
ҲڹʲôҪŮ˻ҹܲţҵֵǿ϶ǲܡǣϹٽˣһסˣлһỹġϿ˵̸Цǽ֮Ĳ쾡Ĩƽ
ϴ˻ǧӿֳһɿϲܹõϵһ飬ǾԱȵõһʦʦ黹ҪҪ
ʵȻǿȴǼΪ¡
ִˣܹﵽСܵܣǿҵĸ鲻ľͲҪ˵ˡǧĻõλʱ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ȴǳһ˿ؾ̾
ó볽ԵĹϵ϶ͬһ㣬Ȼһ顣
Ե츳Ȼ϶ᵽһ˿ΣյϢµҲٽ뵽ĹȣҪһ츳˺õ˸Ԭ̸װȻźǧҲóԼ뻭Ĺȵˡ
ˣǻĹȵƽʱƺȵİɣôˣɻʵ
ǧҲЦǻ֪ɣǰǧԼһԭУһĹżӿڿʼﱸء
⻰Եɫ΢Ĺż˺ã˵żУ벻ջ
ͱ糽ԵķӡԺе񶷿ռлá˭ܹ󵽣Ƭ½ǿ߶Ϊ֮ȻƬ½һ۵ĵط


180 Դ
ƻָˣĹżҪȥԺܿ¾ϣȻǧ֮£ȻҪʵյǿУҪΪʦһԱ֮
ھνʦǻһμΪңԶ·Ҫߡ
л棡϶ǧı˱ȭ򳽻Ե֣ǷȷŷϢһ󣿡
ϼԵ飬Ҳǲµ˳ԴҪǰĹżĹżȻҪɳڵ״̬ȴѣֱǰĹżȷŷϻѯԵ
ȷŷҰɣ
ԵȷǰĹżڵ״̬Ҫһ
ԼҲһȣ֮ǰƱڼ䣬ԾĲٿﵽϾʱ㷢Լľ࣬ǳڱչأ˵ȡһ벻ͻơ
УǾȷŷ˵ϵͷ˵
һĻǧĵУʱ΢䣬ӿ볽Ե˵ó볽ԵĹϵƺǺֵǰ򵥰һЩľϣԳԵΪ
ȻǴȥǽüͲˡףǴȥ˵µɣƺҲ˻ĹżСڻĹżڻδ֣ԭ̫ңһĹżڳ֣Ʊػ൱ңȥĻҵɵˡȻԸĻҲֱǽü
ϵͷٶ˵ʲô볽Եһŷڵķȥ
㣬⵽ǲСͣ˵Сп൱İԵղŶԴԵ̬봫˵еĳʵ̫ˡóԵ˾ȥվǧһŽʦɻʵ
ǧЦһǲûɣСͿ϶ģϣܹܵŵӶصġߡϢ֤϶ŵĵӡŵĵӵУƺû˸ðС͵ݡ
Գԣ
ǺǣʵҲɻԿȥû̫ݣʵҲôǿʦĲΣСͣСȴǸȷ˸е⡣ǧĿһЦҲ֤ԵĲ֮ͬһõģ൱ˡԵصУǱ㽫Եʵ㱨ԬҪҪѡ񳽻ԡ
ŽʦһĽصϧŮܼ̳Ԭ²ܹ̳Ԭ²˵ܹԬһ۳ӿҲܹӿһˡ
µȻص˵ɣȥԭѰһĹżڣ֮УұҪͻƵʦȻһºİٳѡвӱҾû뵽ŵȥˡ
ǧһ˫۵У˿ȴ͸¶ޱȵļᶨһҪţ

һ˺ܿŷңؼȴûеһʱɢȥһ˿ԼԶˡ
ʱǵģЩƽ֮ǰǼУ꣬ȻӿľްԣŴϵĹŵӡ
ǵݣ˿
Ǹе𾪵ĻǳԣԲǺʩҵʩҹϵܣȻ뿵Ϲϵ֮ãϵ㳽ԱûʲôݣǧӿУԲС˰
رŷ壬иһңõŷѩĻʼնûųԡ
󵽣ԹϵŷܣŷƱػõʩŵİʱŷұ˵ǳΪǧʵĵһ壬ӿ÷ˮ
֣ʩ֣ҵñչؼˣµĻȥ£ûµĻҲԴŷҡ߽ŷҵĴ󣬳ŷ˵Ŀ⣬ֱʩҹ˵
ʩҹһЦ̻ƽʱҲҴھȴŷҰɡ
Ҳû£ʹŷҵذɣٶңٺ١ЦһԵա
ԶôŬҲҪץˣȻҪԸϳˡ
ÿϵĻŷ˿죬ٿҲ
ϿЦһðɣ쿴ֵı򣬾ͱչհɡ
΢΢һЦŷŷѩ˼䣬ŷһЩֻ֪ȨƵˣȴûһ¡
ŷ壬ڱǰұչˣʲô֮£Ҳѩǰҳŷ˵
ŷСѾܷıչǱҪԲ˻ŵ㡣
߰ɡ˵꣬Աŷѩ뿪
ԣĺܺ棬ٶôôأ߳һ·Ҳǲͣ죬ȣŷѩͻȻѯʵ
Цһҵٶ죬Ҳû´Ѿ׼Ľʦ˰ɣ
㶼óŷѩһ㵵ʵȻͻƵ۷ʦʱղѾι̣ȫԿʼԳĽʦ
żİգԼڶʱɹͻƵĽʦ
ԱָϵŷͬѰýŷ뿵ϹϵУпܻ뵽УȻ˼Ůĵʱȴ൱ǿ϶¾һҪʵ취Ҳ뵽ŵȥԲԣ
ոڴʱԴŷѩоͲ³һЩ˼
Ҳ뵽һ£ŵİٳѡΣһµʱҪʼˣʱ˵ҲҪŬԼʵš

ŷѩû뵽Լ˼ԲУǵͷʵҵڼʶٶȱôҲҳһ£μһºҪʼİٳѡΣܷ뵽šýϣ뵽ţҵʧҲҪһ⾪ϲ
΢΢һЦŷѩԲΪʱȣΪõˣҶҪŬȡܹڰٳѡȡͻĳɼſУΪӡ
ٳѡôɹġԹ˵
ŷѩȻһЦлл㣡
֮䲻Ҫ˵֡
ǡǾͲллˣ

һȣŷѩķ䣬˵Ƕʼչذɣ
ŷѩЦŵͷã
һ¡
ȻڳԴ뵽ҵпʼչ֮ʱȴǴһ󼱴ٵĽŲǼŶ롣
һţϱǶų˵ûʼչأⶫǸģİӦûܴ󡣡
˵ţҲ᳽ɻĿ⣬ֱ˦һɫƿӡ
ʲô
Դ
ԣĿ̧һϲԴ
ף㾹ȻҲ֪ԴϾ˵Դǧֳǳ棬δһ˸Ͳ֪ԴĴڡ
лˣԴαչظİٱЦһ緢Ҳٶԣֱתȥ
Դ˵Կ˵Ǽʱꡣ
Դľ˵ǳʦνнʦŰȥһ
֪һαչأΪܷٶﵽڡų߽ңгڴ


181 ͻ
ŷѩһۿϣЦһҾãٻﵽ׺ڡ
ôֲɣһĲš
˵Խٶȼ죬Ҳ߾ʱι̣ʹһʦͻƵʦû䳤ʱ䡣ڲͻƵʦûã츳ҲֻһСΰɣΣҲ̫˰ɣ
ŷѩϵı飬ҵڴÿֲȴǷ͹
͹ѵãαչؿͻƵ۷ʦɫһƬϣضŷѩ
ŷѩͷҷǳ϶ʧ
ôܣŸͻƵʦ
ôһǰҲΪⲻܡ֪һǰʶʱһ߽ߡ
һʱʹ߽ʦ۾ñͭ廹оԼʼ𣿡
ŷѩȻһЦ۵ףһĨԺУȻˣͬʱҲ漣Ĵߣ
Ǹ̬
ϺòײԼƽĿ΢΢Գ˿ֲ츳ܽ뵽õУǽнһʧһҪ취ŪšУŸϵԴԼϵȵĹṩٶȽøӿֲ
ŵϵԴϵȹ𣿡ŷѩ΢Ȼһǰ͸׹
ܹó׹ˣȱϵȹ
ԴŵԴԵǿԽһŵУ϶Ϊֲˣǵָ㣬֮·ϣ˵ߵøԶ
ϺٺһЦÿʮһİٳѡΣǧӣΪŵ½ִ£ƼѾźˣһһٶһ
лĺ⣬ҾͲˡŷѩмЦЦ
Цһû뵽ŷѩȻܾ
ţζɰǿʩ뻭Ĺͽᶼûͽõ
һеʥأŷѩѵ룿
ϵı飬ŷѩ֪Լ˼æҵ˼ǲţ뿿ԼʵȥμӰٳѡΡ
ٳѡΣǺǣ˵Ҵ㣬ȻΪڵΪڰٳѡУܵһоͻᱻ̭Ҫڰٳѡӱûи߽ʦΪûһ˿ܡϵЦ
Ȼⷬȴδʹŷѩɫ˿ݣЦŵ˵Щ˼׼һǾһ¡ҾãԿ϶ҲѡμӰٳѡΣͨİš
ҲμӰٳѡΣУĿǰΪʦٳѡξ൱пᣬȥμ̫Σˡ
ôһµʱ߽ͻƵʦѵΪͲһʱʦͻƵ߽ʦ
ɫһͣת𾪣һʱʦ߽ʦ⡭𣿡
ûлشŷѩֻǾҵڴгޱȵؼš

бǺðʲôԴСԴ򿪰ɫƿƿдζޱȸ̾
ǧֵطܻԴֱһԴļֵһǧŰ𵤣Իȡ
һҲòԴֻЩ޾ߣŻʹá
ǧǣԻû˵˭޾ġ
ڶԾĿƴﵽ֮ǲȻҪԴеԴ֮ҲǼΪװ૵
ȻδʹùԴԴЧȴѰʹԴԺеľ磬пܻᱻеԴ֮˺
ҡҡͷԲȥ룬ϥµϢɣָ塣
ҲЩˣȻǺأǲúûָΪҲǲ
ʱ󣬳ԷŻ˫ۡ
ʱϵϢѾȫָﵽ۷ΡľȻͻƣʱͻƵ׳ʦĲΡ
࡭
һ죬һڽԴ̽˶С

Դ븹һĸоʱϮȫһε͸Լ˷
ЩֳɶܣѰܹ価ơ
ڡ
һ
һȣԺеľӿֳɣֱӿܵķ򣬶価οơ
һĻƼ򵥣ûжԾȫѿأǲ
ϣ
ǶԾĿﵽ֮ĿֲֶΣһĶãܹƶͬʱУ˿ص¡
ƶ̫ΣԣڵĻһʧأٵĽܴ
ЩԿס͸볽Եľںһ𣬸û̫谭
䡭
Ժܿ͸оԼľÿǰǿ󣬾Ȼһͻ˶۷ʦ֮ﵽ׳ʦĲΡ
ؾɣһٶȴһ
ȻͻƵ׳ʦڻǸ˵ʱ
ڵľȻͻˣиľδںϣһСģǺܻܿ³
͡
ڳԵĿ£еľͬһɹɱ磬ӿľ磬ٴܶһҪơ
Ѿҵľ绹ߣȫںϣ
һޱȼУеľȫסںϡ
ڳԵĿ£ЩȻǲܹĴܶ໥ں

ںϣԾеľҲ𽥱ǿ
䡭
ʦ׺ʦ۷ʦ
ʮʱ䣬ԵľٶȱΣ׳ʦﵽ۷ʦ
ʱ򣬾еľѾʣࡣ
ҪһףﵽĽʦΣЩˣЩϧ˵
ڸոӶ۷ʦͻƵʦ֮ʱʹ˴󲿷ֵľͻƵ۷ʦǽԴʹʮ֮˾š
ʣµһ㣬ҪͻƵĽʦǲܡ
ˣԿʱͻȻӳԵԺд
һϲа취
ٺ٣Ҳҵֶ֮һɡ
ԡ
һͷ֮ǺХԴʣһա
͡
ܿ죬ԱǸоһԷӡĴԵΪءܿ죬Ͳӡһɺ嫵ľֱӿԺ
ӡȻԽԴôࣿ
һϲʱѯʣǿٿסеľ価뵽磬Լľںϡ
䡭
Ӻ󣬳Ծеľٶӭһαǣԭ۷εľֱͻƵĽʦĲΣ
ͻˡ
ܵбǵһ
ΪͻƵĽʦû뵽ڷİ£ȻͻƳɹˡ


182 Ľʦ
񣬸ոģȻԽࡣͻƳɹ󣬳һһ뵽˷ӡУѰҵʵ
ƺϵԻ뵽ӡѯ⣬ʱϥţϢЩңԵվˣղҲֻתӡڵķ֮תΪԴͬȻٶľ磬ͻơ
ѷ֮תΪԴӡȻЧãɫ΢û뵽ӡȻ㾪˵Чá
ת˲ӣвһ鴤ͬʱһůڶ𣬡ζлˣ´ǧҪȻĻҿɻġڵķ֮תΪңǲǽѪҺ𣿡
ȻܾˣԳλ˰Ҳܴ󣬵ʱ֪϶ԷɼӰ졣
ٺ٣˷İɣʵҲûʲôֻǷ֮һЩѣһ¾ͻָˡң㹻ıתٶ¡ٺһЦԵò̫⡣ŹĵӣĵҲ΢΢һů
Ϊ飬ҲŸİ
ģ
Ȼģôܻƭ㡣
ǺãγغҾ취ŪЩΪ˰񾡿ʵǰԼҪŪı
Ĺż֣ҲȥǸطû㹻ʵȴǼпܻԼ
˼ŷҲϢһɣӰ쵽˸
ͷӦǣԷŵͷºͳ㶼ȥֻһһϥ£ȡһ
Ҳ֪ˣԼ··϶¶ȸٻ١
ͻƵĽ׳ʦҲϸȥ˰Ŀ¶Ƚϸߵһȥ

ո𣬳ԾѸٽͱ塷߶³˵Ĺͱ塷ҲԽԲŸմ߶ûãǽת˼¡
͡
ͱ塷ת£ԵǱͨޱȣ̫ҲѸٵ͸뵽Եÿλͬʱա
ȻѾǵ̷𣬵Ȼ˿⣬Сؿڵ
ΪǳһСģ弫пܻܵ޴ˡ

ųԾĽʦԾĿﵽ֮ٶȣҲǿ˲٣̶̲ʱ䣬ǽա
ǿȣҲտ
ʦ׺ʦ۷ʦ
ʱ䣬ԵǿȣǴﵽ۷Ρ
ҪͻƵĽʦһЩ
΢΢ҡͷδ۾һһ˿ľӿ׼÷ǰһסƮɶ𣬽ԼĿС
һĶã
Ծڲ֮ʱҪֳٿǰ𣬱һĶõֶΡ
ֶΣѰֶֻԾƿ֮˷
͡
볽ڣܵʱХȹ̵ϢӶۻԪӾ翪ͬһŭӻԾأò׳ۡ
ͨ壬ӿ֮󣬾ȻǴڳһ˿˿Ļ棬Ѫ֮ɫҲǱͨ͸һִĿĸо
ʱ¶ϢȴЩˡ
ȣһֳĸоֻҪһᱻˡ
Ե壬һ̼ǻʵĻ档
䡭
״̬ǳ˲ʱԵǿȣǶȻߣʵнʦĲΣﵽĽ׳ʦ
ʱһδȫգּһʱǿȾĽֻһʱеűա
ͱ塷ǴﵽСɾˣھֻĽʦ֮£ͲҵĶ֡ȻǿȾĽʦֻһó»ԹΪ˵ģġͱ塷ﵽСɾ硣
׹ôСɾ磬Խ壬ҼսУƿԽӴ죬˲ŻѸ١
ҲԪΪ˰
Եľ쵽ռָУֱȡһٿŰ𵤣һٿŰ𵤣֪ܷҳĽʦ
һĨڴٶ룬һһٿŰ𵤻һĿС

𵤸븹㻯ΪԪ򳽻Ե֫ٺ
ȫ뵤
Եһʱת¾ǹԪһ볯ĵ۶ȥ
һٿŰԪνǼۻ룬ǳԵľǿȣﵽĽ׳ʦҪʱｫ価ںϣҲ֮¡
䡭
Ҳû̫ʱ䣬ԼĪһʱȥԵԪΪʦĲΣͻƵ׺ʦ
ǹʱԵԪΪͻƣﵽ۷ʦĽʦֻһ
ڵԪɡ
һͻưɣ
һ𣬰Ԫͬ˰ĵһһ˴һӣԵĵǳɶ󣬶Ԫļ£ǳɹͻơ
һǿϢӳԵɢ
Ľ׳ʦ
ʱ䣬ԵԪΪͻƵĽ׳ʦ
ȫﵽĽʦĲô
Ŀⶸһǳ⣬еƱһ
֪ڵʵﵽʲôΡгڴֱվ
磨ˣͻˣ
ʱԶһֱڷռСӥ밢ŭ
ʱǵαǿ׳Ӵ࣬ȥһּΪΣյĸо
رСӥԸоСӥĸоȻ˿ȹƵƵΪǴﵽĽ׺ʦĲΰ
Ѳɣڶ̶̼֮䣬СӥΪʹﵽԪƷޣ
ѵ𣿡ٶȸӦһСӥϵϢϲһ˿ȵĻϢʩչͱ塷ʱһ
Сӥûͱ塷๦ܺܺõϢ
ڰŭϵϢȻСӥ˲٣ͻƵԪƷҲǲԶЩӣΪҲǵõһԾԵͻơ
ˣ˰ɣǲû뵽СӵٶȾȻҲô죿վһԵķ񿴵Ա飬شЦ
ЦŵͷȻ𾪣ǽٶôҲˡֻЩףٶôô죿
ٺ١ҵĹͣһͷȻе츳ŭںһĽСӥڸԶӥѪǰδͻƳΪʱ츳¶һͻƣٽ̵һǵĸŵȻֵ쾡ˡ
ô˵СӥͰŭǸмؿŷ
˵ǵ츳ȻѰ޸ǱȽϣûзİôԲܻڶ̶֮䣬Ϊͽչ١


183 Ես
㻹һְ
Ϊؾ֣̾治һܹȣȻţҲǼʶ㣬ͷһȽϣʲô㡣
ڻָôˣŷ˵
СӥͰŭΪܹóΩ˿͸ǰͺһƬޣǷ¶վߡ
䡭
óԵѯʣڶȻһɺ˵Ϣ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ըоһ߽ʦԵֵĸо
ڴ˴αչ֮ǰԿ϶ᱻһʱΪҲȡþ޴ͻƣϾ޷߽ʦҲܹ߽ʦǰֲ
ȻʹﵽĽ۷ʦ𣿡ܿ죬Աظܵ˷ϵϢϵĽʦϢȴǸһĸо
ⲢʲôѰĽ۷ʦ
еɻ󣬷ȻЦҶԼһԲŻоһ㣬ڵΪȻŻָĽ۷ʦսѾѰ߽ʦˡ
⻰εҡҡͷ
̬Ǳ̬Ľ۷ʦΪſ߽ʦʵ
Ҳ֪ڵķ񻹲ܹʹñսȻǱ˲һ˿һ뼫ΪΣյĴ
ӡô½κһΪ֮һЩչǧ겻֣᲻һеسɽ
СӥͰŭֵĻս߽ʦ֮£ӦҲж˰ɣ֪Ƿ֣㽫ĿСӥ밢ŭ
СӥͰŭȴǽĿ˷Ǻٳȥս֪߽ʦսںεȲΡ
ͷ֣߽ʦ֮ӦжˣôѵǹУ
ոͻƣȷе˰΢΢СӥͰŭ
ܸһҲ֮áСӥܿʹӦ
ǵúһθպͳʶ֮ʱĿвǸСߣ֮ԻͳԺֻó԰ӺڼߵĶȡԪ
û뵽Źȥ̶һµʱ䣬ԵΪʹӵнߣΪнʦ
ŭҲǵ˵ͷûСӥôŵÿˡ
ǾͿʼɣ
ЦһμٳСӥӶȥҪȿСӥսﵽʲôΡ
СӥȻԪƷޣս϶Ǳ򵥡
ݡ
СӥԳԼӥĿһâӥһ𣬱צһĵ磬򳽻ܡ
ȻֻСӥһԽһĽ׺ʦŪǱ쳣
СӥͿǲ
ֻСӥȹȴǴЦһ˫ȻһģǽԼĵȥ
ϡ
һĻСӥĿбһһڷ磬Ȼɱ򳽻ԡҴһ˿Ϣצųλʹ̶ȥ
ٶ֮죬ȻȳǰķҼХ
Ҫ֪ХΪֻһԳΪ߽ʦ
˰
Ŀһûκξ֮ɫΪСӥܹѸݵٶȣеϲ
Сӥĵצ֮ϣȻܵһ˿ȵϢȻЩСӥҲǷ˲ٵ𡣶̷˲ǣСӥǿȿ϶ҲἫΪ
͡
ХŵƷڳǰ𣬺һŴһߴųܿȥ

Ŀ磬ŹСӥûκȴɢһ貵Ļâȭͷ֮ϸ˸Żɫľ⣬һ쳣ȵϢХ͵СӥԴ
ϡ
Сӥֽһòצطֻצ򳽻Ժȭͷ

ԵȭͷСӥĵצ֮ϣ͵ɢΧԪʱøΪҡ
Сӥź󷽵ɶδԵǱǷжȣԷԻٶȹ
һǱأȫϣСӥȳ΢ѷɫһ
ղսСӥ϶Ὣצȫ˻طҪ֡ҲСӥֻǲһҵΣڿҵƾʩչСɾġͱ塷ѾԶԸѰʦˡ
ԲûмڹĬĬ߶š
ڶԼʵҲ˸ŵʶ
ŭֶԿ磡СӥŰŭһ
𣡡
ŭ翪Ӧٶ൱֮죬СӥӴѸٳųԳȥ
ϡ
ŭʼСӥҲʾٶȶֱӷɵ˰ŭ࣬ߵĹ̶ٶ֮죬ǳԶЩȡ
ݡ

ߵĹһעһעٶȣұ˴˼ϺĬǳѾ֪һ𲻹һʱңԶΪϰˡ
عض൱׼óһˣôСӥ밢ŭΪ͵Ĺʱ˵ĻᶼС
ͣھͱǸѹסˣϿɲÿ
ϣ
Цһе齣ȻγһĽ֮磬˲ǻɱ⴦𵴶ԪҲһϸ΢Ĵɢȥʵһ㡣
ݡ
˵ɫĽҲ֮ӽնСӥͰŭ
ʱ齣ŸȥеҲ׽ٴﵽ˴ɾԪ۷ΣڽɳԱ˴죬ȸ൱֮ߡ
ǰڻ̨Ϊܹﵽ̶ȣԿ׵һնɱơ

һжԸСӥͰŭȴԵЩ㣬Сӥ밢ŭ΢һǽԵһ׽ȥ
Ҳûָ齣ܹǰߣСӥ밢ŭȥ齣֮ʱȻٶȴ̳һ
յģǿĽ
һ
ݡ
ƿգ
ԵȻһѪӿһɰѸȥɲǣӿȡ
ζȻ

һգСӥ֮ʣСӥ밢ŭͬʱһǿҵΣܹܵѾвǣû˿ɣͬʱͺһ񱩵ǵڱŽȥ֮£û˺ǡ

Ǹոȥ֮ʣһζȻǵͫзŴǱǼһĽǰһţĽ˰ŭĶͷ֮

СӥͰŭһ䣬û뵽ԵٶȾȻ֮졣
֮ϵȷٶȱǻҪ죬ٶҲǿĶֵ֣ͻ¶齣Ц˵
СӥͰŭ֣֮ȷѾԶԸһ۷ʦˣǷХ֮ԶԿٶȼ۷ʦͻЩΣˡ


184 
ڵٶȣʩչԼĿ£ѾǱѰ۷ʦҪһĲнչ¾Ѱ߽ʦٶȿˡ
һսĿҲѴﵽԼĴս
ǲʩչսʵ൱ѰʦʩչѰʦӦ
һеֶȫʩչҲֻи߽ʦſѹƵס
Ϊ˭ٶȶô̬СӥԵЩû뵽Լʵ󣬾ȻôԸѹס磬ҾҸŭڷӡͬʱҲӦȥսĥһȻһֱȥǵʵȡĽġ
Щ죬޺սһ㶼սΪ
Сӥ֪Щ춼սҲЩЩ߳ӡú˴һ
ԣεҡͷһЦǷģܾͻսҪæˡ
ģСӥͰŭһϲ
ȻԵͷսͲǽˣҶֿܻ൱ǿǻҪץ
ȻԻ֪ĹżлʲôˣɵǣĹż϶ĸ֡ҪڻĹżлúô϶ìܣʱһǱزٵġ
ڵʵ˵ǧĵ֪ǵʵǫ̀档
Сӥ밢ŭԵĻҲǲµ˽ܻвټսǶֻʮǿ
ǲδе˿⣬зսӿ
ˣҸóȥˣǶءڱչѾҲûڷռжȥϾǻĹżʱ֣̫Ҳǲá
˵꣬Աһʧڷռ䵱С

ķ䵱УŵԪԪ̶ȣȻѾﵽĽʦ
ķУֻһŮϥ֮ϡ
ŷѩ
ͻƵĽʦˣӦøϳԵĲɡŷѩͨҵڴӵУһĪľ⡣
ڸʶ֮ʱﲻǸСĸ߽ߡȻڲŹȥ̶һʱ䣬ԵΪǴﵽʦսֱӽ˦˺档
ŷѩȻἵʣһ˼ȴζܱ˦̫ࡣ
ң⣬ֵõ͵Ϊͬһǧ̶һµʱ䣬ǴһʦﵽĽʦ
΢һڵսȲϱ̬ĳԣ㣬ûб̫
Ҳ֪ʲôʱŻأݵ˵ĹżڴѾ֣ӿ׷ǰǧǸǳ׷񣬼еʦϵȫ˹ȥԻأ¼пܻεʢˡ
ǻĹżŷѩҲһĨڴ뿴ǳǰĹżУƾڴ漣ı£֪ܷõһЩô
ϸ룬ŷѩеڴǻ˵ǡ
õϢ˴ǰĹżˣĸ֣вٸ֣ǱǧǵĳҪǿܶࡣ
Ķ֣㳽Եõ˺ôҲ״ӦóԽô߰ɣ
ôˣʱһͳһȥŷѩҡҡͷǳԿ϶ǰĹżȻսȲϳԣҲҪԡ
֨
ŷѩڻĹż³ٴΣգҪ֮ʱķͻȻһ֮֨
Գˣ
ŷѩæعվҡ
סԪԸ߳ңǲڷһĨԪϢбһâԼŷѩһ̾ѩٶȹȻһǧﰡŶ̶̼չΪͻƵĽʦ
ҲֻǽҶѣⶼΪİŷѩһЦųʱ֮ϵЦ⣬ȴ𽥵ΪȻ֣ԼȻ͸ԵΪ
ѵڸϢŷѩһͷͷĻοڵΪѲɣڵΪѾԽˣ
ôܣ
ŷѩܿͷ뷨ʱαչأѾɹͻƵĽʦ硣Աչ֮ǰŸͻƵʦãѲŹ죬ܹͻƣĽʦ
ŷѩŬͷ̳
ѩôˣԿŷѩɫ෬ãǵѯʵ
ŷѩعҡͷû£ˣмҪ㡭
ʲô£
ǰϣĹżڣѾѰҳˡ
Ѱˣһ㶣һϲģ
ŷѩǱһŵҳģ˵Ųӿһ·൱ţǶһأҪĹżˣÿ˽һԪϳ˱һֻҪһԪ۷屦С
ǿĹȵ˶ǵĶ֣ӿֲŽᣬԣʱ䣬ѾյټԪϳ˱ʮԪ۷屦ˡ
ԣɫɵ΢䣬û뵽žȻ˵ŰԵռŻĹżڣթı޳ܡ
Ȼȥ£ǵʱ϶ҪǰĹżڶ࣬ҪŵĹôǲҲҪôԪϳ˱һԪ۷屦
ڱԿһ᲻óȥ
Ҳ˵Щˣȥ꣬ԾȥѯһʩҹϾڶţһŲ֪
Ȼ뽻ŵʵϾ̫ǿĹȶԸˡҪ˽һš
ŷѩͷ߱Ŵȥ
һ·ŷҵ򳽻ԵĿ⣬޲Ǳȫͬ
оηĽмʣһЩƳ촽װһмһ˵ġ
ǧаŷҶ¹ھ£ŷҵӵȫʶ
ǲ֪԰ŷҶ˹ھ֪ŴͽܿϹϵУŷҵŷѩСϵܡ
ֻ򳽻ԵЩĿ⣬ȴֱӱԸȫӡ
ԸûȥŷЩһۣ
ԣ㲻Ҫǵ۹⣬ЩڼжǺٱõģʱͽбȽǱӵܼ׼ǰһ˻ĹżܷǵõһŷѩΪɬ˵
ŷȻ˶󲿷ֵƷвѣСֵǲúọ̃ôŷһ˲ŷ棬пֶܻϲ
һΪʵŷҾǧǵһ壬Ҳͽˡ
רЦ
ҡҡͷʾԼ⣬ŷⷬȴЩ̾û뵽ŷ廹ãӦ֪ĹżΣ൱󰡣ˣְȫġ
˵ˣǻŴӻĹżгˣֱӷΪŷִ¡ŷѩЦ
ԣвɶŷ߿һŷȻûʲô۵ˣŷȴһΪ֮ˣҲǷͬһ㣬㵹óԼΪأŷǺǣ


185 
ŷѩȻһЦ˵ʱҪİء
ʱȻ߲ġˬӦҲûϹ೶ȥӿ첽Ŵȥ
ŷ㾡ܴŷҵӵȥĥ˵ڻĹżлвٵΣգҵµǵİȫԿ϶߲١ϵŷҵĴ
ŷҵĴ֮Уŷλ·ߣ˿ʩҹˣ˿ʩҹŷҲٵĸ߲㡣Щ߲УȴŷȺˣֻһЩŷ˲ڡ
ʩҹ˵Ҳ̲סڵҹùú̻ˣҲԭʩȻȲţʱŷҵӵǽ˻ĹżʩҲضᾡȫԱ
ÿʩҹ˵ŷǵĿ⣬¶м˷֮ɫʩҹģŷʶʲ˵ĴرǿϱţӿǬԪһĴ
ŷܹõӻ˵ӿǧǵУ϶ĸ۵ǡ
ŷҵĻԻָͣտɴ
Ҳǳʩҹ֮Ի˰ŷңȫǿһ˵ϣǸǰ죬ŷǧǵһˡ
ԣ
ˣǱлλˡŷҲ֮ˣʩҹĻǱȭ˵
Ҳ֪Ϻʩҹ֮԰ŷңȫǿڳԵϡ
ŷҲһ׼ΪʱſܻŷһЩͻǼʱŷҵӵǸǣҲŲٵ鷳Цһ˵
ŰռĹżڣ¹أҪĹżҪһԪ۷屦ͷȻǲȱԪ۷ıĽһԪ۷屦ǱǱʾʾֻᶪӵ£Ȼǿȥ
ʱһЩͻȻǱز٣ŷҵӵǸţʵ΢˵ñǻΣշ
ȻĥȻȫİȻŷڰ֣ûнϡ
Ϊŷҵӵʵ΢ʱŷͻŷҵӵܿ϶Ҫһѡ
ϧŷҵӵעǲܲǵȲεȻֻԽԽæ
ŷĿڿϴһִۣ¹Ȼ봫һٶȿþˣűչʱ䣬ͻƵʦˡ
ڿϵϣǵʦϢϢѾ൱ʵȻѾָ̣ͻƻҪʱй̡
ҲǱβųԳͻƵİεҡҡͷԴǰŷѩԵϾҲҷɣŷٴһ´ʱ䶼óˡ
ң츳ǳɹͻƵʦ
ڴﵽʦҵʵѰʦӦӦñȳǿһɣкȻЦ
ʩҹſϣҲ˸Ľ֮ɫԸϲҪľ޷һЩ̻ʲôģ԰ʱｫΪһ磬˵ǲܡ
ˡĽţʩҹ۽ͻȻƳӴ߽ĳŷѩˣ±Ŀһæӭ˹ȥ
ŷҲǷ˳ԣվӭ
ѩͻƵĽʦˣ
ŷѩδԼϵϢŸ̤˱ǲĽʦԪ½ǼΪϲ˵
رŷҵˣǸһ˷ܣŷѩΪѸ٣ŷ˵Ҳһ
סҲͻˣϲϲһ߽ǲʦϢЦ̾
óԵ̾ҲΪϲ֮ǰҲԼܿͱԸԽͻƳɹҲǻȳһˡ
ʼɳ죬˵ôͱԸԽˣǳûӡ
ͷŵţ϶ҲҪժˡ
ЦһһǫӣҲֻǽҶѣ֪ΪչΣ֪ûдﵽ׺ʦأ
Ȼ֮ǰŷѩ˵αչأΪܻͻƵ۷ʦԲűչ죬ѵʱ䣬Խͻƣ۷ʦ
ϵʻм˵Ŀ˳ԣһڴ
Դ˴αչأڲ²ųԵΪﵽʲôΣرŷѩǶԳԳڴ
Ȼֻչʱ䣬óԾͲʱдͻơ
˶һڴؿĻش𣬳Ҳȥ±ЦһҲȽϺãչ죬иĳɼ
ܹͻƵĽʦеȷͦġ
ˣھͻƵʲôˣ֮ǰʦڴﵽ׺ʦˣЩȲ˵
ǾǡֱˣߴҰɣ˵иĳɼӦþͻƵ׺ʦ˰ɣʩҹѯʵ
ҡҡͷ׺ʦ
׺ʦѵﵽ۷ʦˣΪ𾪵˵Ȼ׼ʱʵ֣ҲǼΪؾ̾
Ϊﵽ۷ʦʵûҲǲٰ
ԵٶȹȻǿþ˰ò˶ãѩҲҪԳԽˡ
ʵɲǱ򵥣Ȼ۷ʦҸо¾ѰʦһĶ֡
ڴܹͻƵĽʦ
ǿϣʩҹŷˣҲͬһ𾪡
һٶȣĽ
Ψŷѩһɻ
ӳԵıУЩãƺô򵥰
ȻĿɨһȦ󣬱ٶҡͷǺǣ֮£ѾͻƵĽʦˣ

Ȼ仰˲ðֹˡ
ţ
޲ǵɴ۾ͭһ㣬ųԡ
ģ
ϰκ󣬿Ȼعŵʵ
ţͷҲû뵽˵ıȻ˼ҡ
ϸһ룬ԼٶȣͨƺЩֲ
Ӱ׸һˣΪͻƵʦʵܹһأĽʦ㣬ҿܶǶ˰ΪƵ˵
ЦһĪҪԷƱֶξҿɲþ֡
Ƕ־ͲǶ֣еѵûƣĵƿǻ˸е־İϵǺˬҡҡͷ
ʩҹŷҲͬеصͷԵֶǧڼͳ¶âʱ쳣ǲĵƣѰӵС
ϵˣ˵ˣԭǱߵ֪֪֪ĹżѾˣЩ鷳
ԣ˵ҲǱǶ֪Ӧŵ̬ȣҪˡ


186 կ
ˣǳԡ
Կһ˵ɫϣЦŵ治ܶŲãֻǴˡ
˼ԣȻŵʵǿŵҲܶ
δǱǽˡ
ãֹȻǣǸζԸأԵΪ˵
ԳһǿǵƾЩˣ϶޷Ӳǰǧ˵ƺµҲǰʱǵҲеöࡣ
űӿĵһȻе϶šȻἰɣŻǷѵ׼
ʩҹڵʱ淢˳ͻʩҿ϶ҲϾǹغӿ顣
ǱлˣԵ˵ֻȴһ˿ɻΪûɳһЩͨӶûɡ
ǰձǱݣеǰضһʱҵ
ΪĹżĳ֣ǾۼڴˣȻݲͣһŵĳУϿ϶Ҳ൱ΣաһеǰضһʱǰѰ
ĹżȻ֣ڴһƬĻĻҲ֪ʲôʱŻɢ򳽻˵֣ʱǰԭأ
ԵȻĹżѾ֣ǲĻʱɢǻǾϵΪá
ŷڱ㶯Σ
뿵ϼ˶ǽǵͷҲûʲô£뾡ϵĹżȥ
˵ĹżȻΣޱȣҲ˸ֵĻǿɲ
ûٵʱ䣬ŷһֽһŷҵһˣǴŷˣ泽Կϵ˸ԭ

ǧϱһǳأһͨ˺ӣߣһ಻Ļɽɽݺ
ɽȥһͷԭ
˵ԭĿӿϱȽԭ滷ɽԿ˲ûжפֻٲֵĻԭ˲Żפڴˡ
ʱԭǼΪƽٻдȺӿ룬رһЩߣǲƬ֮ء
ڽЩӣԭȴǼΪ֣ȳӿ룬ЩߵΪȫǴﵽʦΣʹԭһʱÿǰ֡
ԭеĵȻפԭУǵĿȴһֱܱ߳ǳش򣬱ϾѰ߼ٻ뵽ԭҾи߽룬Ҳжٵˮ
ȻǰЩӣȴǿ뵽ԭʹõĻ̻̣ǼЩ࣬ǶΪЩҪռѻǡ
ʱ䣬ǳһЩǿ˷
ø˷ͣ˵ЩСߣǵˮ
ʱԭһԵشһʮ֮ĵȺſһС档
ſǰģһԼĪʮꡣװԼüëīȥΪݣȴʱаɫʣɷ羰
ٵңɫˣ˵˻ͨ𣿡ԣſһԼʮ꣬һ̬ҲЩ⣬һĸо
˵ʱ򣬿һ۾ԶߣĿһ˿η
ٵҵ̧ͷһɫٵȰʱɣû˹ǾͷկСٺ٣׽ǸС椣ٵһûء
ǸС椣ٵҵб˸
ЩԭƽȸһƱǱȻĹżٳɡſڲԶɫΪ˵
ȻկٵңηߣҲ䶥죬ǵͷ֪壬ұկвˡ
ҲɵԭֳûҲҪСġΪ˸ƱģΪԼկеҲðճ
˴жҲзִġ
ĵص㣬һֻǧǵŻӴͨǧܱΪһǳأǰ죬ǧʵΪۺĳԼңѾǰ˻Ĺżڴ
ڴˣ߽۷ʦΪ߽ʦԼʮʦǿݣӲǽǧǵԪҸһջḻ
ԪҹõԪҼԪɷ͸¶һϢǧ壬ŷһδԭ
ŷңٵţûô̫⣬ΪӡУŷѾΪǧļ壬ŷҼŷ壬һ߽۷ʦΪѲû̫Ȥȥᡣ
Ԫɷ署һŷҽ״жʱ
ԼɹһƱҵõԪɷеЩôڲõĽ϶Գɹ׵λãΪկе졣
ΪȷϢļ֪˵ʱڳˣûϢĸס
׹ٺ١忴ٵҵı飬ЦһҲǽĿǰһĨڴ
ٵңӰˣڰʱչٵҲ֧õȣȥ֮ʱĶ
ԣٵĿһæҪվٶſ£۾ңңǰһȺģӰ
ӹӰ𽥿
Ȼŷҵļŷ塭
ǰӣٵȷȺ˹Ȼŷҵ
ȴǺܿһɻĹżΣޱȣǧļ壬ɳΪ֮߳ŷңôɳʮˣ
Ҵ󲿷˵ΪȻѰĳʦ
ǽԼĺӵܣ
סŷˣĸǳԣٵиΪɻ󣬲Ҳû룬ĸǳԣֻҪȺ˵оˡ
Ԫɷ˵ϲһǧŰ𵤣һ׵׹
ĿУԱһıء
ٵңǵֻŷһ߽ʦʦҲˣҺ߽ʦԸŷ壬ȥԸˡܿ͸Ӧŷ˵ʵ΢һ
ȴ˷ܣΪ֪ڳԵϣпܻ׹
ܹõЩ׹ΪԿһǧĽ
ŷ壬ҪȫصִĹżڴҲô򵥰ͣ½ŲŷЦ˵
ŷɫ΢䣬ţѵԭĵˣ
ԿһǰͷڿҲֻԭĵ˸ҶǶˣ
ŷüͷ΢壬ǰǰǧŷҼŷ壬֪λĸɽկѣ
ٵҲûҪ͵ϮŷĻʱЦվǰȥҲǽٵЦկٵƷᣬ˵ŷǧŰ𵤣կҲ֪ŷϷľȼһأ


187 һ᣿
ԭկˣƷԱţŷüͷĸ
կԭһկΪǴﵽ˾Ž۷ʦΣԭνԶ
ԭկٵң¡֪˭ٵңŷǧŰأٵǴˣӦÿõô𵤣ᵽĹżðգŷ屧ȭЦڹҲ֪Ȼûô࣬ٵҿõĻԸʮſŰ𵤡
ʮŰȻ࣬ڵ֮¹أҲǺʵˡ
ϧƷĿɲʮŰ𵤡
ֻƷἥڽһЦ˲䣬㵱ڴؤأʮŰ𵤾ȥҸ㣬ǲһǧŰ𵤣ͱһ̤˵ء
ƷٵңΪѰһǧŰ𵤣ǴȥŪ㣿ǧǣܹóһǧŰ𵤵Ҳ
ŷüͷ˵ѾˣƷ˴˴εж׼ģȫǳǶ
Ҳܿף϶ǧǵĳ彫͸¶ŷȻƷ϶ðǶ֡
ŷȻʵǿҲóȻ֡һŷ߳ûʲôĸ֣һ˻ս׳ԿƷʵ䲻ǺǿǱկȴΪԶԸ
٣կǧǣǧǾԵֵס
ţƺûô򵥡
վŷԵĳüͷҲǲһ£Ϊ֣վƷԵߣĿȻ뿵ϵϴ
ǵĿ겢ŷ壬ˣ
ƷЦһҲͱװˣ֪㹻İ𵤡Ȼ㲻ԸһǧŰ𵤣Ҳǿ㡭
ŷƷ˵ǿԼȴûɻüͷšø
˵ŷһԵˣֻҪ㽫ǣŷҲýһŰ𵤣ͨƷٺһЦĿڳ뿵ϵϴš
ȻƷĿⲻ֮䣬ƳһӰǵӰϵʣһʱ佫ȫסʣܹŮӽڿ£һ겻ŮˣҲԸⰡ
ţƷĸаȼڻع󣬺ܿͱѹסŷӪˡ
ƷĻʱŷ˵Ŀʶسųȥ
һĻȻǱƷԼ˷֣£կˣĿҲ䵽˳Եϡ
ԭǳԣסôǸĽʦϵϢδסʹƷΪɻ󣬲ܿŷ壬ŷ֪ΣֻҪ㽻һˣԲýһǧŰ𵤣һԸǧĸ뺦ǡ⣬ҸҲǰĹżʱҿԸչһŷҡ
ŷЦһֻЦݣȴԵ쳣䣬ȻҲ֪˭뺦ŷңҽԽǣ¾㸸ˣҲǲܣ
ŷǲƷ𣿡ŷñ䣬ƷҲЦһ˵
ŷѾ˵ˣˣҲ߳ԣ⣬ȰòҪԷ٣
ٺ٣һССŷңҲ˲ҷôԷ٣ҿ㾴ƲԳԷưŷңƷȫûзϣΪŷʵǿȽסŷʡ
䣬һȺ޲ӿһӴϢ
߽ʦʦʮʦ
ӴϢһ֣ŷҵɫǱѿȫܿİ
Ʒᶢŷ壬ЦŷҿٸһλᣬΪղ˵ĻǸ˽ԽңٽŮĽңҿԴ˲С˹͵ղ˵˻
˵䣬ĿͶվںŷѩŷٶŮе֮ɫɼ
ƺկĴ󵱼ңǺܻܽ˰ȻԼĶӶ̲ܽáŷ۾΢΢
ȻԷǿ󣬵Է۸ͷҲ֣ܲƾ۸
ԣҿԸһᣬϼկҿԴӦ˺㣬Ʒ촽סеɱ⣬򳽻˵
ŷ壬ȻǾҪ֣㲻ɱŷ壬ҲҪŷҵЩ˸
ڼʶկݺ϶쳣š
ֻ򳽻֮ʱȴüԵǴһĨɭĻȡ󣬳Ǳ䵽ҲĶ𣬡һ᣿ǸҲܸˡ
һ᣿ǸҲܸˡ
ʲô
ƷһʱûзӦ
ݡ
شģ齣Ȼʵ

ͬһʱ䣬Խֱʩչ£ɱƷᣬٶȿ磬ܹѰ߽ʦ
ʩչ֮ĴͱҲǱʩչ˸һɻɫĹâ
ţ
ƷڵﳤҲսʱԳɱһ㵣׼ֽѵԣһ̣ظܵһŨҵΣϢ

£ƷûκԥɣҲ˿δ⣬ֱȥһ
ɱ
ĴվһȺˣ޲ǵһʱ䷢ɱǰĳ¡
˶
ԭվƷԵ壬һ˷֮ɫԪһӿȻųе齣Ļȥ
ó˺ԣֻ䳽е齣óûսٻ׽ԡ
֮Ե߽ʦĿһתԪŷӪеŷɱȥ
ǵĿĺܼ򵥣סŷ塣
߽׳ʦҲסңЦ
Ȼ߽ʦθճ嵽ŷǰԶŷȴǷһмһǻһȣ߽ʦм䣬
ٶ֮죬ǿ߽ʦûзӦĻᡣ
׵ض߽ʦŷԸٶȳ˳Եǰһ£Ĺ
䡭
ֻƴһ𣬾ҵɢǿҵŲ̲סˣɫ΢ףŨŨݡ
Ӳ·硣
˽ʦѵ³ĸ֣ɫѿ˼㡣
û뵽쳣СŷңȻһ˽ʦ
ΧҲǼһĻվŷȻܹΪظܵŷǿҵϢҲЩ꣬ŷΪȻﵽ˰˽ʦµǺðˡ
ǰŷ塰˽ʦҾͲ߽ʦԸһǵĿֻǾסѣ岻һ߽ʦܿƽľͬʱ߽ʦһһסһֻ׽ԡ˭ܻ׽ԣһٿŰ𵤣
ٿŰ𵤣˭ܻ׽ԣٿŰ𵤣䣬վկƷᶸȻһ


188 Ѫ
ٿŰ𵤣
֣կڶֽǴϲһ˫˫̰֮ɫĿ⣬Ǿ䵽˳Եϡ
ǵȸоͷ·һʢӣһԸŮӡ
ԣ˻ȥסЩˣŷ彫󣬿дȵŷó뿵ִ»ʩˡ
ŷ塭ŷ廰䣬ȴǴ˳Ц߽ʦӦܹɣ
ŷɻ󣬲֪ʱôʳ⣬ǵͷһȻǸ߽ʦҪǻǿģǶҵʱ䣬ԽԶ
ȻŷЩˣͽԸɡԿɫ΢ŷ壬Цŷ岻صģҼȻ뷨ǿ϶㹻İաֻҪЩ˲߽ʦ˲ҡ
ԣŷʶؾܾϾԶԶԸʦԼʮʦʵ̫ðա뵽ĳطʵȱǿ̫࣬Ҳ̤ʵͷģһزסԲһ￪оԸˣǾ;쳷Ҳᾡǡ
Ǿŷˣ
Ի£ƬͣկӪֱȥ
˼״سԡ
βŶǵǰһǿ󵽼ϢȻѹȶ˳ݺݵسǣǲòջӦԡ
ݡ
齣
Գկڵǰûκԥֱʩչ齣
˵ƿն˸ŻɫĹܿռ¶ȶȻߣԪĲٶҲѸټӾ磬˲Ŀ

կҲǷ齣İ˵еϢ֪ӲƴΪߵıǺ񵲣Ϊ΢ģܡ
Ȼկˣˣɫ԰׵ˡ
һʵôôǿ
еǿΣϢկɫ޲Ǵ󾪣رõƷᣬиһ£ԼʶȤض㿪ˣȻȥӲĹ϶Կ
µͬʱƷΪ˷ܣԲһĽʦܹɱǿĹ϶ΪƿĹ
׹
һϣ˭ܹ׽ԣһǧŰ𵤣
ƷҪ׹˼ʱԽǿ
ɱ
Ʒ˵һǧŰ𵤣կ˶ʱֳѪâﱬһ𣬲һеسųԳɱȥ

ݡ
ͬȺɱ뵽կм䣬ٶʩչ£ҲǱȫ߶ٶȣгŷȼ߽ʦûٿ֮Ƚϡ

Ȼկ˴඼Ǿḻ֮κǵٶȸϳԵĲԵÿһιǶֻܱȫ޷һĹ
Ҵʱǵȴ谭ǹ»˵Լˡ
ˣ̶̲һӵʱ䣬ʮߣһ뱻Ը¡
û뵽ֵʵȻǿ˳̶ȣǶְæһ˾ܴկЩˡվŷҵӪ˵ΪҲҪ֣ڿֻҪվһԿ־ˡ
Եʵ֮ǿرǿֲٶȣǿ̾
ҲҪʵˣȻĻ֪Ҫ˦֡ϿҡͷǿɬȻϿԶԸһʦ糽㣬ɶԸʦԼʮʦ
կ֮Ĵ򶷣Ҳŷע
óԾȻһ֮Ӳկʮ֣ŷһϲ졣
壬üͷǽû뵽ԼȫסˣδĽʮ֣һ˸Ӳ
׹ЧãȻǷͬѰԽҾԽҪ취õϵ׹Աֳǿʵν׹ҪõԽǿҡ
ʱ򣬳Ȼɱ󷽣ۿžҪɱƷǰ
ԭҲٶ΢㣬ĹѰʦȥոձԵٶȸŵƷ᲻ɵЩգȻҲ֪ԷǳѰʦԸˣɲþͲܶԸ
ٶȿ죬ֶȴһٶȿܵġ
Ѫǣҽҧſ¡ƷᶸȻһ
£ǰͻȻӿֳһĿѪɫâѪɫâѸ۳һֻŵס
ء
Ȼ䣬ƷǰѪһһֻ׸ߵѪƾճ̶֣Ǻ֮쳹ľ
͡
Ѫϣһǿ֮ųԼկ˺ݺݳȥǲԼͬͣϵĹһ𾪵Ѫǡ
ٵҵľȻıѪǸٻˣˣҿÿҪѪ˵կһƷὫѪٻæһ׷롣
ʱ䣬Ƭмֻʣ³ԼѪǣԼվѪƷᡣ
ѪǣҰҧſ£ǱҪŻáƷѪһ
ȻѪĽȴͷҲûأûѪɫ˸һ˿ԻĲмɫʡ
ء
ѪǳųԷһɭȻĵХ
ԣ
ԶŷֻѪǣɫ΢΢һ䣬æȵ
Щ˻ʲôҳŷȺˣƷկһȺִǳ

ܿ죬կ˱ŷҵ˽սһ飬կʵȻҪǿϲ٣֮ǰǵķѾĥò࣬ŷʵȻЩȻǽǵĹ¡
ѪǿǰĹѪɫ˸ŸΪŨ֮⡣
໣
ڣ볽ԶŵѪ̲סһͳĺУ̤棬ųɱȥ
͡
ѪǷצӣڰջһĻȣգۼǰ߸צӣ򳽻ԵԴ

Եһʱ̳齣ĽâգѪǵצӴһ赲סѪǵֳ
ȻֵסѪһȴ΢΢Щ飬ѪǵȻǴﵽ˿߽ʦĲΡ
ݡ
ԲûѡѪǽӲӲԱѪҪһٶȽж
ѪǵĹȻ󣬵Ҳ幦˵ѪӲӲֵѪǵĹǿ԰쵽ġ
Ѫǣϰ
ƷѪǾȻǲܶʱѹסԣֱԸҵƣʱеش
𣡡
Ѫһգڵϣһ˫ĿųԣǳƷŭһŷ֮⡣
ȻƷĴУеΪز
أ
ѪǵĿصϣһΣͫе׹⣬·һ㣬ͬҺ̬
ݡ
Ȼ䣬Ѫǵͫ׵УѪɫĹâ


189 նɱѪ
Ѫɫâûգǻޣ뵽ա
ţ
һ̣ԵͫȻǿҵΣĵðܹܵһЯ֮ǿϯ
ѰߣǿҵΣ϶Ҳ޷ֵ
ԾΪýĹֵͨܵ
ݡ
ȻѰߣڲѪʩչģԾΪýĹûκԥһʱ߶¾еѪƣҲǷ
ͣ
ͬһʱ䣬ѪǵĹգ۱ȻĹδԵľУֱӱѪɢǿ֮գ
أ
ԼǿȻûȡκγɹѪֵһһ˫۵гɻ
ݡ
һ
ȻԲûи̫ʱ䣬齣оֱһĽգѪǰ
ͣ
ѪǸշӦͫб¶֮ɫʱһĽֱûѪǵĶͷĶǴ̳ɷ飬ȺѪҺԺӿ
ͨ
Ѫǿ׳壬ʱŵ浹ȥ졣
ףͷѪǾȻûѵǾƵģۿѪǵ£齣оûаħԪ֣жʱɻ֡
ܿ죬ջ
Ϊ֣ƷڿնɱѪǹ󣬱תҪֱȥ
ݡ
ƷٶܹȵϳԣûܳʮԶԵαǷǰסȥ·
ԣôƷҲټܣһ޿ֵ̬
ЦһҶ֣ڻô죿Ӧôɣ
Ʒ᲻Ϊ˵˱㶯£ڲȱôѲ㻹ɣ
ƷѾֻҪһ뿪͵һʱҵĸףӵ׹ԼǧŰ𵤵ǰߡ
ȻԸ˳ԣĸȴǿԡ
ൽʱܹһʱϵ׹ˣ
ٺ٣ΪҲô
ң
㿴ҸҲң˵ţԵĲȻǰ̤һǿҵɱƷɫޱ䣬Ҳû˷ŵա
ʵ벻ףôôη塣
ңΣʱ̣ƷҲ˲˿棬ŲԶ˷
ԶƷɫ΢䣬ûƬԥŷ壬ǰȥƷᡣ
Ե߽ʦͬǲԥҪתǰȥƷᡣ
սҷģ
յϣŷĻŹ˺õһᣬһǰԵ͵Ĺʩչֱӳˡ
֮У̲һϢ
ŷ壬ң
ǿϢдвãתǸ񵲶ȥ

ִ֮䣬˸޷ĵֵŷĹ£ǵͬ߷ݣź浹ɳȥ
ҺЩֻ³һѪ߽׳ʦڵһʱظϵҲǼۿǻ˶ˡ
ŷ壬㵨Ҳ̫ˣڵģѹڵƣŭ
ŷ嵭ǰɱǣһɱȻ˵ǻڣٺ٣ΪկĿŷ𣿡
ŷ壬ҪǶ˵ַϻˡԼŷչҲǸֳһĨЦݣ½ĿƷᣬ˵Ҹһǲң
˵ţٶǰȥ
ҸҸңƷŲͣˣӿֳŨŨĿ־֮ɫʵ벻ףԺŷôôĵӣȻկٵҶɱ㲻ҪɱңֻҪ㲻ɱңԭկԲ鷳ԭκһ鷳
ԭ鷳ǺǣҸ㣬ǵӪУŻʩҵڣΪһԭһЩ𣿡ԵЦţȫƷĿ־塣
Ʒ˵ҪŷѩʱԾƷ̡
ʩңŷôܻϵϣƷп಻û뵽ԼĶ󣬾ȻȻ
ʩңɲկܹԸ˵İ
ƷһųԣҪſң
㣿ǺǣҸͲɱ㣬ɱֱҵ֣
ԶԶԡɱҾ֣㲻Ҫɱҡ
Ʒ
ֻǣⱾ󣬳ȴ޶ԣȻһȥÿһϵɱʢһ֡
ͨ
ɱѹ£Ʒĵ׵һڱ˫һڵء
ʶ˳ԵٶȺûκεܴ㡣
ԣ㲻ҪɱңֻҪ㲻ɱңҪҸʲôԣʮկ˵棬Ʒ˿˼Լ棬ġ
Χկ˼Ʒ㲻ɫ΢΢ãȻûȷֳǵУȴ˸ż
˵ҵ֮ʱҾͲ֪ʲô㹷ˡ
ƷģԶû˿һĮɱ
ԭΪҲҪöԷأ˵ģŷѩ仰ʱıǾҲ΢΢죬ȥЩɬ
ŵģҸ
ǲĸ޷򶯳ԣƷһҧԣֻҪĹңҿԸһܣһΪǿߵܡ
Ǻǣܿ˳ΪǿߣΪôҡҡͷᡣ
ԣûвҵͷѪǲͬѰ𣿵ֿǩԼҸ㣬ʵһţ޳ˣƿһȺޡƺĳԲԼԣƷæӿռָȡһѪɫСݸԣţһԪ۷Ĺ
ԵؽӹƷݹѪɫСƳһۣдī֡޾
Ԫ۷幦ٿһȺޣҡҡͷСƭĻλš
Ʒġ޾ΪԻŹҲ΢˿
ƷᣬһȺկˣҲǷ
ɱƷᣬǽկӣҲǲù
ŷˣǶųԣǲţĻôŹƷᡣ
˵˵Ҫ֮ʱҾͻ¡
ݡ
һ̣һĽƿն
һȫǳȫû˿еľԪԼȫĽ͸գ˵ע֮£ֱûƷĶͷ
ҵϷŷѩˣԳȫնɱ
㾹ȻĸɱңƷҲţԾȻ˵ɱɱ˵仰ʱ䶼

Χ˼ԹϵնɱƷᣬ޲һ𾪡ųԵĹɱ׵׵סǡ
ֶΣƽټ
㾹ȻɱٵңˣٵҸɱģʱŷҶҪᣡ
Ǿ͵ųǴ󵱼ҵŭɣǴ󵱼ǾԲŹǵģ
ھó׹Լǧŵİ𵤣Ǵ󵱼ҶˡǣǾ͵ٰɡ


190 ִĻ
һկڷӦ󣬽Ǵؽкš
ȻɱٵңŷҾ͵űɣ۾ֱһʧܣˣ
˵꣬ƷǰֱӽƷռָŲԭӶȥ
կ˼״ҲȫǷ׷Ųԭ롣
Сӣɱٵң׼ʬɣشһ
׷
ŷҵ˴ţ׼ǰ׷ɱ
ŷǽĿ˳ԣȴųԵľ
֪Ʒ˳ɹ룬ôԭУüΪΣա
׷ˣ
ҡҡͷȥ׷ɱկˣǵΪձ鳬ŷҵˣ潻ս޷Կǣο׷ɱ
ҵǵִ˻ĹżڴʱҪԵţʱǶһկҲ㲻ʲô
ԣû°ɣŷѩ첽ߵǰеѯʵѪǵ͹һŷᡣ
ܹܵͷѪǵʵǿѰ۷ʦ
ҡҡͷЦŵû£Ҳû˰ɣ
ͲõˣǾǶԸһȺûƵСආû̫ѹϹЦǰ㣬ŸոͻƵĽʦսȻôǿˣѾֱ߽ʦ˰ɣ
ǺǣҲǽײĹѡЦҡҡͷûϹȥŷڶӵܣݵעԼ
΢سһԿڵǴڵΪȻ΢λĹż֮УǵĻᡣʱΪܷܷһԾͿڻĹżеĸֱˡΣʱѡ¸Իδ֪Σգѡܿðһ
ŷڶӵܽһüǵĶ־ͣ¡
ģһ˵ҶЩȻĶ̲סҪԴһĹżˡڳߵ˵
Ҳֻ˵˵Ƚ˻ĹżǻҪչ˵ġЦһ˵
ʱһǺȷԺ𣬡ˡͷѪǵʬ壬ռƣƺеأиղСӸġ޾Ҳһҡ
ѪʬͿ޾
һû˵ʲôͷӦȻ˲ԶѪеѪʬ壬֮ǰҲѪǲѰޣûУ״³ԱǽѪǵʬ޾뵽˷ռ䵱С
ϵ˼Ѫʬ壬Ȼɻ󣬵Ҳû˵ʲôϵ֣ѾִԭǷֱӸĹżڣ
ţϹȥɣǻҪСկˣȵִ˻Ĺżڴҵ̻ˡԵͷ
ʩҹٺһЦַģȵ˻Ĺżڴʱа취һʱѰùãŹùҲܹһʱѰҵǡ
ȻˣҾͷˡ·ɡ
ԭݺǧΪܳǳؾ÷չƲѣϻԭ̾ĵˣ˾þòܿһǻ֮أٻ㡣
ȻڽЩӣԭȴ쳣𱬣ӿرԭıǾۼߡ
ЩӿΧǳؾӶࡣ
̸˴ԭ򣬱ΪǰչڻĹżԵʣرǰĹżڱŵѰķڣǰͺ̵ӿԭǰ֡
ԭļ֮¶Խϵͣգȴޱȵطڣʮ߻ڴˡ
ǵĿ⣬ȫǾۼڲԶһĻ֮ϡ
ĻǧףҲףĻɢŵȻǶôۺ񣬵ȴһɷһӿ˲ҽǰ
ƬĻ£ȴһԲʮ׵ı㣬ȻҲȴû֮طҪϲ٣ȥʱɢ
󲿷ֵߣĿǻʱʱעһ㣬ȴɢ
ʱ֮ǰϥʮߣЩϴͳһĽɫʿǰһġ䡱֡
䡱ֿȥ䶯ɢһɲԾ֮Уϡ
ķʱĿ⣬ҲʱʱЩϣиֳŨŨļɵ
ΪʮϵϢҲǴﵽ˰˽ʦĲΣڿʮˣǴﵽ˿ֲľŽʦ
·ڶ߷ֳݶŲվߵҪٲ٣ˡЩ߱ұߵҪֲ٣ϢҪʵࡣ
ŻǰԵӿĵϣȻҶ¹ӿߵıȺУҼԪֹš
ϹٳȽ˻ĹżǧǵҪŽаȻƾǵʵͲᡣԪԣӹվһԵϹٽЦ
ϹٽͷǧǼ֦ͬȻҪˣλĹż֮Уǧ˵Ҳһ
ʢ̻϶ǰǸˣǧǻ𣬽ƱػܵǵĴѹǻ˿Ļ֮
İɣֻҪŽһ£ͬˣʩңܹѹǡϹٽЦһ
ӹһһжΪǸСӣȻҲǵ̻ᡣлᣬһҪԽʬΡ
ӹᵽԣϹٽʢ۾С
ڳԣɱⰡ
ԪɷЦϣկˣܹԺŷҵ°ɡ׹ԼǧŰ𵤣¾կĴ󵱼ң񡣡
Ԫн赶ɱõüկɱ˲գۣŷҵҲǵùҲǱկ˲ٶڻĹżջһᲹ㡣Ϲٽ
뵽ԼŷһկгԴϹٽ˽Цг졣
ȴǲ֪ʱկĴ󲿷ָ֣һȺ˵С
ǶԳŷҶֵƷˣѾɱƨ֮زز
㣬ǵĻȥƺʱҪɢǻһԪ۷屦ŵ𣿡ұȺ󷽣һ΢Ľ
ǻĹȵˣ
ǧЦһǻĹȼȻӿϽţԺǻ뿵Сܵһ𣿡
ô죬һֻȥ𣿡Ůѯʵ
ǧҡͷİɣСܵܺͿСܵǲʢġѵûʩҵҲվɣӰûֹ

ҹĻܿǽٶ£Χ¶ȽøͣȡȴûΪҹĵһƬڣĻɢĹâ俪ȥԲﷶΧǱڣ硣
˻Ƕడû뵽ĹżȻôǰҹĻ£һǷ糾͵ظϵǰʮߣŷѩ̲ס̾˵״μӴĳ档
ЦһĹżд漣һСջˣ˵ܹһԾΪӿһ֣£˵м߲ǰ


191 ѹ
ʩҹٺһЦ˶˲û˼
ĹżȻͬҲŸΣգԻĹżеΣգǻҪһЩһ˵
ŷҲǵͷرկˣЩ˶رɱǵٵң¾֪˿СѵݣǶưոݣһϹٽˣǽǽƻ֮֮ǰƷҪ׹𵤣϶ҲеһߵģǺˣȻʩչݺǡ
лˣһҪЩ˾˵
ԵЩµȽ˻Ĺż˵ɣ˽һߵ
ŷͷ󳽻ԱǸоľӳһ˿޵ľ켣죬ȴѸޱȣȥ뵽Ⱥ֮䡣
ܿ죬ԱǷ֣·Ⱥ֮УһӰѸٵس߱۶
ӺӰŷҵĶүŷȾ
磬ˣ
ŷȾܵǰֶųԿԼʩҹ˱˱ȭ
ŷͷܣл˵ǽ
ǣŷȾЩӲû̫ıʣɣߣԸɱţֻʵߣŻɱȻЩδɱģΪŲӿΪǺóһԪϳ˱ڻĹȻûжƺҲڵȿִºͳСѵĵ
ĹȻŮԣҲ£ӿǽɱȻǲ֮¡ΪĹżڿڼǸͲͣ˵ءԳһʵɵ˶Σ
ŷȾҡҡͷһûдǵϢڻû
⻰üͷɵ˻֣ʩҵİæǶԿŰ
ɵ˿϶ڵҳ֣ڳü֮ʣһԵĿͻȻЦݷͬѰһҳ֣ɵţҪҺַģֻҪһ֣ɵ˺ܿͻų֡
ŷҵ⻰иֳ֮ɫɾӿһǵҲǵʦߵΪ֣Ҳӿϵĺ
ңɵڻȷϻǰ£ͻڰȴſ쵼ǣ
ƺе㲻ʵʰɣ
ΨʩҹģϵĻеĵǳ׷
λҿȷظǣξǲĹżŶŵͷʵȻҪʧ棬ʧǾ͵òʧˡ
ŷӵܵһͷŹĻıȥ
Ȼǿᣬǿѹģ
ڶ࣬ǲһ֣˵Ŀ⡣
󵱼ңǸԣ󷽵ȺУһͻȻ
ǰƷһسԵˣƷᱻɱ壡
ǳԣɱģԣվһǿ׳ѮӣӱϢ˫Ŀкɭɭһ֪Ǽ
򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ҳ쳣һӹڳԵϡ
կĴ󵱼ڣ
廹û𻰣һԵûٵҾɱģɱٵңɱٵ֮ǰɱٵҵıѪǣʵǿѰʦͶԸرٶȣǱ۷ʦҪ죬ǿ߽ʦˡ
꽫Եһ˵˳ţǵĴ󵱼ڿ϶ɱԣΪƷᱨ
ǳԣʱڳŷˣҪȫɱᡣ
ȻĻڱɭһЦ߽ʦҲҪΪҶᡣ
˵꣬ڱǳĳԵˣӭ˹ȥ
󣬽ʮ˽ǸϣЩϵΪĶǴﵽ۷ʦʮˣϢۻ룬޲߽ʦϡ
Сѣկ˹ˣô죿ŷ嶢ǵڵˣѯʵ
Եǰڣû̫Ĳ
˿ڣһ۾ƳԶϤӰӣ̻ʩ
İɣЦһڵˡ
ɱҶӣڵߵǰͣ£ʵغȵ
ڵΧ˶ʱĿһľ죬û뵽ԭȻ˸ɱڵĶƷᡣ
Ҫ֪ԭԶһǳرΪƱػڷ
ǸеģԵɱƷ֮󣬾ȻҳڻĹżڣ
ѵ֪կ˾
Ե뻢ڰ
û뵽Ʒ᲻ûɱԵˣԵɱ治֪ôµġԪɷԺ˵سڵĻжʱӿֳڽ֮ɫ
ӹٺһЦý⣬ƷȻûɱԣȻɱկĴ󵱼ھͿ϶ŹڶϣԾʩҵıӻҲþܹ
ʩʵǿֻû쵽ԭԭȻûǿѣҲӣǣŲٵʩҪǿжԸկƱػǿҵķ
ϹٽܹΪǧǵĳʶȳ˸ӿ㣬ԭһЩ£Ҳ֪١
ϹٽԪɷ˵ϲɸֳֻ֮ɫ
ֻϹٽȴǽĿ˲ԶĹȵˣ֪ǻ᲻ְæ
Ŀֱڣûκξ⣬ЦŵͷҪϵĶֻɱˣ
СӣӦ֪𣿡û뵽ԾȻĿʱñޱȣųԣȻǰɱҿȫʬ
ûСӣֻҪ㽫ǣǿȫʬԣһЦ˵ͬʱĿ˳ŷѩ˵ǰŮ˸ȤǣҿԴӦ㲻Ѫϴŷҡ
ʱͻȻһЦڵƴ󵱼ҵģԣؾֵܼˣ˵СϵĶƺҲ٣ѵͲһ㣿
ſЦկΪ׵ųԵгԣ˵мĹٺ٣ҲȫҪ㽻
ǶҪҾͲˡһȺΪ׵ȴһߣȦڣĿ⿴ȥƺЩɢϢȴ൱ʵﵽ˿ֲľŽʦΣԶǳܵУСӣ㽫ǸŮ˽ңҽͲΪˡ
ȺаҲϷһưôСɱҵĶӣҿɲôưոݵġɫѿ
Ⱥ͹а˶ԭĵͷĿаЩΪսŽʦûꡣ
ȺͬȺһǰѾ׵˾Ž۷ʦʵ൱ǿ
ھǶԸһЩѣ˵ͬʱмˡ


192 ʩĺ
аͳȺ˽ǺٺֱЦȺڣ֮ǰڸϵ֮ǰѾ˵Ҫ˵𣿼Ȼ˺ôǲ÷һңƺҲֻǺȵ˼˼ɣôѵⶼͬ⣿
ãϵйҿԸ׵ȼϸߵĸǡǸŮˣ˭ϲ˭ȥǣһûȥ˱粵
˵ڴ϶ôСаЦһ˫ĿɢƳԶŷѩէй
ֱӳԣСӣԼϵĶȥȡأ
ţǾˣһعӣ򳣲ȺϵĹֻҪѵ֪жٲٺ١ǲñڸˣô
Ⱥüͷһ£ĵСӣ˵ʲô
ЦһϢ뵽ȺĶУ˵ǣϵĹеǣǰҰƽկҿԸǶһ岿׹
棿Ⱥʶ˵ӿֳŨŨľϲ
ȺɲҪСӺ֮ǵϽȻǱ˿ϵĶûˡ
ڿȺı飬ɵһ˵
СӣˣңȺɫЩѿ˵ϢӿȥƺʱҪ֣ΪԵǴѾһĨڽĻȡ
ȻԾˣ
ʱȺһ˵ƴǼˣ˻˼﷢治֪Ƥж񣡳ʩҵĹͣͬʱҲ̻ҪԵҲʩҵͬͬɣ
Χ˽Ƕȥܿ㿴ʩˡ
£ɫ΢䣬ŻȻԭʩҵ˳ѹɱƷ֮󣬻Ĺżڴˡ
ֻʩȻǿ󣬵ƺܲԭɣ
ùڳˣǵĺùӳˣʩҹʩ֣һ˵ĿˣҲмȲˬ
ŷҵڶӵܣҲ˿ڵ˵ǿƣѹǴڼʩ֣вɸֳϲ
ʩҵİæǲٵ˻ᶯ֣ڽĻĹż֮УҲǻᰲȫࡣ
ʩȻƴ󣬵կҪʲô£ƺҪõǵ׼ɣɱҵĶӣѵҲӦɱ𣿡һ˵Ͳʩ
ʩͬΪŽʦͲηʩ
˶ȻôС˵ɣȻʱһȻʩǼӰʩ߳һһ׳˶ꡣ
һ߳ԭȻΪ޵ϢǶȻ
ϵϢ൱ʵۻ룬˿ʩر׳˶꣬ǱʩҪǿ٣Ȼǧȼ硣
֪ʩʵۺͿɳһȺ۷ʦʦԴ˾ѹԭ𣿡˵
ΪԭֻһЩѣЩȴ൱ԭеѣнġ
֮˵ⷬϣʩ֪ѶˣȻĻʩʵǿǵԭļ֣Ҳкý
ΧҲ̵ͷʩȻǿҲÿԭ
Ϊһ̻Ŀ˾ԭֵ

꿴һʩĿоȻһĨԥ֮ɫ
ʩƳһֱ꣬ڵƴ󵱼ңڴѹԭҲû˵಻㣬ƺҲܾİɣһ˭붯ԣҪʩͬⲻͬ⣡
ʩеĻвѿĵҪˣ
ڽԭûһô
ʩͳ֮ƺһЩϵءŷѩעʩͬΪŮˣܹһŮ˵Уһ˼
ǲŷѩעӣʩҲǿһŷѩ΢΢һЦһ˫ȴһĨζ
Ů֮ս
ε̣
ʩ˸ô˵ŮӣӦþʩҵʩСɣжϳʩݣһЦȷ㽫ڽյľ
ʩһ˿ڽζЦȻ֪ʩΪһ᲻ڣ
١˵ڣһڵģаٺٵЦţһ˫۾ʩɨһȦǰ͹ˣﲻͣ˸⡣
վʩɫһ䣬ɭȵ
аƳһ꣬мֲŮˣżʲô
ʩ˭ŮˣҲֵõһͽ˵
ڹа䣬ʩαǻһȣ嵽˹аǰһɱɱ⣬˲ϯаȫ
ʲô
һ̣аһŽʦȻмܵƣʩɱ⵱УᵽŨŨϢ

Σ֮£аʱеԪȫȫһƳʩȻȥ
ͣ
ȻδʩؿڴǴһ˺ѰľʹܹظܵԼ·𶼱˺ѿ
һڼѪʱĿҲǵ˳ȥͬڵأϢήҵ˼£ۿǾȲˡ
ž
ȫʱһƬžУ˭ҲûϵʩȻ˹ϵسֱ֣ɱа˸е𾪵ģʩʵܹһɱŽʦҲǾŽ׺Ž۷ʦΪ
ʩܻΪҵľأŷѩǰһĻ˸ĪĹ
˲֪ʩŻе˼ȴ˳аʩ˵ŮˣֱӼʩеɱ⡣
ŷѩһ˫ȭܿҲǸֳ֮ɫȻǿҲ㡣
ʩҲ̫ˣȻɱԭеˡΪʩСͿԺΪ𣿡կ󵱼Ҽʩһɱаɫ΢䣬η壬ŭ˵
ɱ˱ɱˣʩƳһڣ˵
ڴŭֱ̫ˣȫԭڵģ
ʩڣΪºڵ𣿱˵ɱһаҲɱˣҲ˿ڡ
㡭ʩǣΪ㲻ɣһ̣ڻǳȺɫüΪΪŭ
ǺǣΪҾǡʩЦһǶ˵ķŭ
۵ȻǾŽ۷ʦͬҲǾŽ۷ʦҵҪƾʲôǡһųȺְ֣ʩҳúýѵһŮˣ
ã
ȺֱӴӦ
£볣Ⱥ˵ϣӿֳһۻ쳣Ԫӳһһҳʩȥ
᳤鷳³ȺʩһԵ


193 ҵĹô
ǣС㣡
ʩԸȴû˿ǵһʱӦϢǣŽ۷ʦԪҲǴɢ
ݡ
ѸٳȥɱǰĳȺֱض¡
ɱԣھɱ㣡
ʩһɫ΢ڣɱ¶ӳ˲ǳǰ

ڴһϵĴͬһɽȻ£·𶼱˺ѿ
ݡ
ȻΪʩâ㿪֮ʣȴǶȻ֣ǰʩӰȻֱʧȥ
ָ
һͻȻڸоܱ߿ɲǼ䶳ϵԪҲ𽥼
Σգ
һǿҵΣϢӭڴһֱӵеԪͼֵ
ݣ
Ȼո۳֮ʣƿ֮ǰ𣬶۶ķǱݿȥ
͡
һϢؿ롣㱼䣬ڸоԼУһˬ֮С
ת˲ǷԼٶȣȻ¡

ڷһ־ĴŨŨĲ벻⡣
ʵ벻ףһŽ۷ʦʩͬʦôŸսӴͱһлС
䣡
𾪵ע£ڵ޾Ĳ벻⣬Ȼ¡
ɱˣ
Ž۷ʦĽаŽ׳ʦһһɱ
˿һĻǳ𾪣
ݣ
Ǳ᳤סĳȺڱһɱŨŨڿ־壬ûж룬һʱ᳤ľԶӶȥܿͲӰ
ˣʩҲĹͨŽ۷ʦҪǿϲ٣һ㶼ǧˡԵҲͬЩɻ󣬶ʱԺ
̲ס̾ʵϴҲǿ˲ٰİǵĻĹż֮УҲǰȫ١
סˣѵ㲻֪ʩΪҪɱڣʵ
üͷ΢壬ѵбԭ򣿲Ϊ𣿡
ٺЦˣ˵ʩΪڳΪĳУŰ㽫Ųţ
⡭ôܣüͷĸʩûһദϵҲûõ̶ֳȣΪʩҹ˵ʩʲôϵ
£ʩΪҪðհڣ
ٺЦʵˡѯһѩģ
ѩԿһԵѩܿҡͷȻ֪ʩΪҪǱʶԲȥѯѩ
Ȼأ
ôãҲý˰ɣЩ˲ɰҳ֣ɺͳѵǳûн̵ʲôǡǡ𣿡
ͷ֮ʣһͷڴǼӰ
һֱϥڱԵһˣǰ꣬Ŵ˴εĴ֮ˡ
Χֵ˼˳棬޲࣬ŲҲ̲סȴ
ŵˣɲǵġ
ӴӦŵԭɣԭ˽ѵǣֳ֪ɺͳأѲΪŽѵǵʸ񣿡ʩ֣Цһ˵
ֻ֮䣬ȴż֮͸¶š
ԭδ˵һȵ󵨣һСС㣬Ȼô˵ĹżҵΧ̫̫֣ŵȻụ̀ܽѵ˭
˵һ仰֮ʱеϽһǿϢ
ģҲﵽ˰˽ʦжʮɣǴﵽ˾ŽʦĲΣŽ۷ʦϵģҲŽʮɡ
еȻʮˣ󲿷ֶǴڳʦĲΣﵽнʦʮ֮һûУ߽ʦǲˡ
ڴﵽ˽ʦϵģһٸûСֱӾռ˽һ롣
ʵĸȥ
ȻʩȴЦһ˵ҳʵǿ󣬵Ǳ俤ƾʲôܽЩӿٺ٣֪ǹʹӿִţûУ
ôʱԭǿ˵ˣҲһŵͣϧξȻû˹֪ˣԲǷͻɡϾִţһ飬϶ᷢһЩСͻԣ˵ĹûҪˡ
ԭĻУõĲǡ롱ֱ˲ҡ
УһֲһĿ
ͺŸͲֵһᣬûС
Ȼԭ˵ⷬʩҲǱ׵ˣϰζ˵仰
һԴǲǱŸйȻ˵ôǵĻ
治֪ŵǲĸԣȻΪŵ
ǾǧǵŷңŮòУܷҵϲã㽫檣ŷҲԲýԪ۷屦ͿԽĹżڻĹżУŻԱӻǣΣ
ԭʩϰ˵ΪʩǱŵˣӹһмȥǽĿŷҵķ
Ϊŷҵ˳֮ʱͿ˸ڳŷѩ
еʩԼĹȵȻ֮òȴôθڣϲŮСĬֵŮӡ
ŷѩŮӣ
׳գ
ʱʩǷӦ˹ӣҲǱ׵÷˸ۡ
̫ˣû뵽˴λĹż֮УȻȤЦˣĹȵҲǰǧĵһϷɫʣԭĿ⣬ͺǿһ׳һ㡣
ӣҵĺ£СҰץǱ俤ͼ¥ȥŮ˵׳һĿԭ첻ŮҲ̲סŭһ
ֻǣⷬʱǧĵϲûиֳ˿־֮ɫһȻӣŵԭȻ֪俤ͼ¥϶ȥĶԲԣԭζǷͬһ㣬ôῴŷѩأǧǵһأⲻθڰ
ӣԭĿһŭϢӿֱӳǧĻȥ
һ춼ûԶôٶô
Ȼڰգǧӱ׿⣬ĵЦ
ΪѾﵽ˾Ž۷ʦʩҿӣЩӦöһģҪɱʩæɹˣҲвСʧܻӰ쵽ǻĹż֮С
ԭ컹Ҫ֮ʣĶУͻȻһ
ߣ
ԭһǧļƽϣǳξͷһøҵŵ㣬ȻĻܵġ
ǧ콿ЦӴӴл飬ɱ֮Ϊ˱Ĳɱ֮СŮһЩ㿴һֻϣʵǵġˣ˵ڵĻᶼûеŶ


194 ŵıɱ֮
˵ⷬǧĵһŷӪ
ǰ볽Ե˷ֿѼһԵϡ
ƾŻĹȵǧĺܿѼȫ˳ԵϢǵ¼Ҳ֪١
ռЩϢǧĿȷŷѩ֮Ĺϵ൱ǳԭҪŷѩ檣Ʊػ볽Բҳͻ
ѼԾһг𱨳жɱ֮ˡ
µȴǳԵٶȣ
֪ڶ̶һ֮ǰŲһ۷ʦ֮ʱһŷĲؿ˳
һʱ䣬ûκδɵ֧Ԯ£ŬȻӲؽΪʦΡ
ȣ¾ӿһָ
бΪѵһţһʦĽʦҲǻһʱ䰡
֮ȣʱʮһǴһʦĽʦǴʦ
񣬾ţѾ˳ߣ
ӿк֮ȣ
ԭǳԣִ¿ϣҪֲöడ
Щ˵ȷǲģӿһУû˭ܹ˶ڣԭЦһûǧĵϡ
Ϊһ俤š
ȻǧҲûὫԼϡ
ԭЦ󣬱ٶȽĿŷѩҸղŵĻ㵱ҵ檣ŷˡһҷ̺ˣ˵һŷҳΪһҲ
ŵ֮ԭǲһȡ
գŷѩܾ
˵ŷңһѰĶûܾȷĳŵ
ʱΧŷѩĿ⣬ɵӿֳŨŨĽɫʡ
ȸˣ
ߵȺУϹٽϹٺ΢һм
ȴһĨʡ
ȺˣȻǱŷѩˣҲ֪ıĸˡ
ԺҪԸŷңɾǧ˰ϹٽӹˣüͷҲ΢΢š
һֱǳ뽫ŷҸĨŷҵõŵıӻһӣҲô
ſɲʩ뻭ĹȣʩҵʵǿҲһЩֶοӦȻǸûһ˿˼˼һָͷͿȫѹˡ
˵ŷһŹλ𣿡
Ⱥĺ󷽣վź۵Ӱ⼸ϢޣΧȴǲСǡ
Ϊǰһ߽ʦǷһʱֱӱΪ׵һȭ˵
Ϊ˵ѵõһһɳĻᣬ˵ǻ᲻
˵ǳƽûһ˿Ľ뼵ʣϣǸСӲ߰ɣϵǼ׹һооأҿǻһǧŰϣһǧŰ𵤶˵Ȼ㲻ʲôҲ⣬ܾô˷ѵ
ô죿
᲻ŵߣȽ뵽˻ĹżУһֱǡǵҪǵõǼֻҪõǼǹҲͲԶˡ
⼸˵һ㵭Ĥǵδȥ˵ƺҲû˼˵˼Ŀ⵭Ƴŷҵķ
ֻĿǶųԣܱߵ˸Ͳϡ
ŵԭҲûУ
ܣ
ŷѩǵһʱ͸˷񶨵Ĵ𰸣ϣֳһ˿ŨŨŭ
ȻҪ檣
Ϊʵһ˹ȥ
ʵһҪԽͳãŷѩ˶ʵĿΣʱȴǽĿ˳ԡ
ĳԻΪͷ
֪Եӣ飬Կ϶վ
ʵǿѰʦĶ֣ԭʵǳܿ⡣
ϸһ룬˿ȻվԿ϶Ҳִ֪磬Ϊһʱվðա
Կ϶֪Լһվ˳εΣա
ֻŷѩո˿֮ʱǷ֣ԵĽŲǰһһȻȲȴӭԭ졣
ͬʱһȥƽƽȴóΪ֮һҲǴӳԵĿд˳ȱ˼ҿһ²칷ǳģһмʵҵĹ
ž
ԵĻһ˵ڣƬʮߣȫĿɿڴضųԣϰ춼ǻز
ԭ컹Ҫŷңּʣתۼ䣬·ȻɱһԣԲûнԭĺϣҪԭ쵱Ĺ
ó˼άһ˶·
ǣվڳԱĿŷѩԼŵڶߣҲһͣųԻ˵ⷬ
ǲԼĶë
һȻŵһ
˵仰ˣ˵ӿǬԪаɣ
ԭ챾ʵǬԪϲ̨棬ô˵Ҳŵŵ档
ԭ쵱ǲǴŵ
ˣ
ܿ죬ЩϵĴɢȡ֮һƬ
һԭ쵱ĹֱǲҪˣ
ǬԪû˸˵ô󵨵Ļȫ԰
Ȼ㲻ǬԪҲŵǰ壬ʵǬԪĻң׵
ҽСӰƤ
ԭһعûκԥбǶȻһ޺ȣɱȻ
Ȼ˸ҵʮߵ棬һԷƤպк浱ŵ
ʮȻΪձ£ǵĿȴ൱֮죬շò˶೤ʱ䣬ǻᴫǬԪûдô£һ൱֮¡
վҲɵӣǶףԭһûһӣŵĵλţһǧɡ
ԭλ½Щԭˣλ϶Ҳ½
òײλ֮ʧ
ˣԭսǣһʱǽԸΧ
Ȼԭ˵Ҫ԰Ƥôǿ϶ܸκһ˿ߵĻᣬһȽ԰Χ󲻹ԭôԸԶС
ԭ죬㾹ȻҪɱʩҵĹͣǱ俤һҲҪһ˵ʩԱΧסһǳΧȦվ˳ԣԵ꣬Ҳǽ
ʩԣһĨСӲʩҵĹѣԭ죬Ǻ˻
Ȼһʩеļûκεɶűܣ˵һ໰żʩҾͲˣ


195 Ұ
ԣűɫ΢䣬жʱŨŨŭ𣬺ݺݵصһĳԣУһԹ֮
һԷеԹ֮⣬üͷ΢壬Լƺûе
δ϶룬ԭ죬ʵȻвԭ죬ȴǿԱ֤ԭ˲ֺ
ԭ첻֪ôԺݺݵؽѵһԭ졣
򲻹㣬ֶΣҲ˦һ֡
ʩҪסСӣԭĿ׹ضʩ
˵֮䣬ػڱ㴦ĽʮӰҲԡ
ʮˣΪһǴﵽ˾Žʦ
ʮŽʦʩ˰Χڡ
һ˵ƣʱȫʩ˸ѹסʩһ˲Žʦݺ
˵˭ҪԣҪͬͬ⡣ʩҪסһˣһèܹԸ˵ġʩһص
żңʩҲˣ
վʩԵűɫ˵УȴһŨŨĲζ
ȻΪʩҪס϶վ
ô˽ҲǰԼһѣʲôҪԼҪһأԻ顣
ʩңżңҸǣ˵СǵļˣҲҪɱ˳ԣйͷ֮ޡȻ޷£ʱʩűҪǷŭϽҲҪɱ˳ԡ
ԭ̬ŵĶʮλʦ޲ɱӿʱҪ֡
ȻһĹȶŮӣСŮҽҲ˰ҵĺýãҪԸĻҿɲͬӴһĵǼĹȵļŮһյӡ
ʱ޵⣬ȴʾǵĿġ
Ҫ뵽ʩԵĶУ
ýã
ǧĵĻʩʱһãȻһͷˮԼʲôʱǧĳ˺ý
ǰȻйνӴƽ̸Ϻýˡ
ѵʩܿ뵽˳ԣǰǧĳǧǰԽΧ飬Ѿ˵
£ҲӿֳΡ
ϵ飬൱أǧĵʵȻѩ̿Ҳǧĵ˺øдǰҲЩˮн
ʱųԵĿ⣬ٶȸֳĽ֮ɫԲʩʵʩҵżάھȻĹȵļŮӣ˶վ˳
رϹٽˣǻʡ
Ĺ⼸˾ΪʩΪ˳ԶվǰǧıǴϾȹһγԣû뵽֮ʱĹȵ˾Ȼվ
ѲɳԱʲô
ܣǿĻֺαܵǧμʲӵǧ䣡
Եϣ϶Ĺȶõıﰡ
ϰ죬Ϲٽǵ˵ͷΨԭ򣬲ܹ͵ͨǧΪΰٰҪάˡ
Ⱥ󷽣Ϊ׵˼ǧĳ֣΢΢һ£һĨ죬ԣиˡȽ뵽˻ĹżУһҪץúõоһ
Ĺȣٺ٣ǧģΪҾͲٶôԭٺٵЦ˵
ǧöŶǰĵЦСŮӵȻûôӣöСŮӶСŮӿӴҪ֣СŮҲֻƾ׸ˣ
˵ͬʱǧŤŨŨ֮
Χ˼ˣ޲ǿˮʣ۾˸ź⡣
һֻ꾫һĻεҡͷһЦѾ֣ǧ˵ʱѾ߶˹
ҲǱʩһҪԡ
ɧŮˣ
ǧɢ⣬ԭһŨŨԪɢŽ۷ۻϢֱӽǧϵɢ
ԭŭһǧģ㲻ҪΪǻĹȻ˵ֶΣžͲ㶯֣Ҹ㣬첻ΣԱ
ԣǧĻʩɫһ䣬û뵽ԭ쾹ȻԳԵɱ⣬Ȼô
СӣȰûߵҵǰҵ˴áȻֻȶ⼸Ů˶ˣ
ԭĿƶ˳ԣĿڳԵʩҹ뿵ϵɨһȦɭȻ˵첻㣬ߵЩ飬ҲҪȥүҵҪ˭ң
ԭ£ĶʮŽʦɱţͬһɱħɱȻ
Χ˲һĻ޲ˣ»ᱻǣϡʮŽʦ֣ನҲѰ߽ʦˡ
ʱ򳽻Ե˵Ŀ⣬ͺڿһ㡣
ڳԵʩҹͿϵˣǸûȥһۡ
ʱЩ˸޷ǵĿ⡣
ƴˣ
ʩĿһȻʱȻûаֵ֮⡣
Ȼ֣Ҫ𣿡ǧĿ⻷ܣûæ֮һ˿Ρ
ȻûٰǣֻǿԼƴһ˰
ҰȻܵӿҰڿ˵ҪɱǵĿִ£ҷҪ˭ĵӣȻΪԵ˱֮ʱһʵĺȻԶ˱Ǽʮڵ㣬Ѹٵش
ЩӰ֮䣬һۻİԵϢ
ڵѸٷŴ󣬲ʮӰ˽ǰ
ЩϵϢûκαȫɢŽʦеۻԪٶΪ֮һ
û뵽ԭҪ֮ʣȻôľŽʦ֡
ڳ֮ʱᷢǵſĻͲŷС
ʮΪ׵һʮ꣬곤Ϊʣü֮䣬ȴ¶һɱ˵Ŀ֮
ʮ˵УϵϢҲΪʵۺȫǧȽϣﵽ˾Ž۷Σʦֻһ
ʲôˣȻô˵첻úõؽһ£ʮŽʦŵ˶Ҫúýѵһ㡣α裬ԭŭɶŭΪ׵꣬ɭȻ
꼥ڽһЦͲԭֱӳſȥȭ٣ÿִܾˣ뿵ִ𷣣
ס˭ô򳽻Ǹ¹Ҳ̫˼˰ɣɢϢǾŽ۷ʦ
û´ĻӦɵˣų¹ֳƺΪִ¡ϣλִӦĿˡ
Ȼǿϣ⿵ôվڳ󣿳ʲôϵôܣǸǺҲĲлʩҡ챱żԼĹȵˣھȻȻﶼܳˣѰ˿ûͰ
ܵ߼һĻ޲һ죬رǵ֪վڳĿϣ½ִ£ǺȻ


196 ɱð
ӿУǵ֮ľްԣû֮һ
ǸеģΪŵִ¿ϣΪλվڳ
Ǹһֱڳ꣬Ȼŵִ¿ϣôܣȺУԪɷЩؾ
ӹҲһŵǿŰӿ޿ǿУҲţǴΨһĹŵӣôܻύһ𣿡
Ϲٽ۾΢΢𣬡Сӣǻ鷳ǻĹȣھȻŶĳˡ
Ӧɵ԰ɣüʱ֪ɷһãע˵ԭ죬һӿŰԵ֮ǰΪûܹȭͷӲˣҵ뿴ܲŵ
ѵһô
ԣԶʱЦſϵĿҲ¶һĨɫʣãȻִ·ˣǾͽһϳӿ
֮ǰž±ӿϺԴԲôϣǿִҲ˵ǸʮСëΪȻһ䱩ǣҲĽʦһĽʦԷ
ȻǲԸӣܹΥڸϵ֮ڰ˸طأй۲쿵ϡ
Ȼ벻ȴǣԭδѹʼնΪţû˿嶯
տʼΪǿηԭ죬ոһ˳֣Ϸͷ㹻ʵ󣬸ûƬԥֱҪѵŵļһ
ַԼΪϲľһɱϣ°ˡ
˶һûѵǣǾѵңҿǼֱǲˣԭ뿵̸֮˼ҪըֱӴһȫҶ֣Ⱥһɱˣ
ɱ
ԭ䣬ʮŽʦʮ˽ʦҲһӿԵŰΧסɭɱͬʵһ㣬ÿеԪ΢΢Щͣ͡
ãǻĹҲӿξŹͬսǧֱӱ̬վڿԡ
ʩҲЦʩȻһ
ĹȺʩұ̬˫ھŽʦ棬ǻƽԭǰռݵļƣֱӱ߰˰ˣʣ޼
˽ʦȻҲǿʮ˽ʦȴǺѾ˫˭ʤ˭ϾĹʩ£Ҳʮ߽ʦ
ʩңٺ٣ʩҲԭڻԭзôȻ֮ʱȴһЦ
ڡȺԼаˣȻʮĬһվԭߡ
ƽʱϵȻǲὫǷУڹϣڼȴǿ˫ŵľ档
һŽʦҼŽʮ߽ʦ治ǿϵӦ
ڣԭȻӿϽô˵Ҳӿĵشѵӿɣ϶Եв֮⡣
ֻȴǸͲһףЦҵȻԣʩȴǴѹԭļôΪ飿ҪˣҵɱӳˣѵҲҪȥֻҪʩҵǸҽԽƾҴãҿԱ֤ΪУΣ
ΣǾΪпֻϣڣϵһЦֻЦݣȴΪɭɱԡ
֪ʩǸӲܽԽȥӲ˵ⷬΪС
Ȼֺαض˵
׼֣һ˵棬վ˳Եԡ
ȻԵˣʵ΢ܳ嵽ǰһȺŽʦɱ
ֻܹ볽һվһԡ
ֵ׼ɱȺĶ촽ϵĿϢԽӼ硣
ȻɱǣҽͰȺɱһʣҲ֪֪ŵʵ
ԭҲǲʾдһɱ
ɱ
ĻŵˣϢһɱȻ񱩵Ԫܣ
һ֪ж޹Ǳҳְ
˽֮ʣ뿵վһ𣬿ƲܻᶯֵĳԣȻǰһ
֣ԽŲվڳԵĿüͷ΢壬ƫͷȥ

ȻʱȴǾط֣վԵĳԣȻʧˣ
ûʧ۾ûգһ£վǰĳԣȻûκԤ׵أǰʧˡ
ʲô۾һӣ
ž
ͬһʱ䣬ھĲԶһ쳣죬Ȼǰϼʶضȥܿ㿴ŵӪǰ˶İƻͣڰգ£ԭһ־š
һ̣ϱǼǰһһֻŽԭݺݵزڽ£ŭɱɱɱɱðٺһɱŲӽɱȫң
ɱɱɱɱðٺһɱŲӽɱȫң
󣬳ʮ˵Ŀ·𱻶һ㣬͵ضŵŲԭؿڵĳԡ
ԭȳнŵƣҲ˲ɢȥɭȻɱֱӱᡣ
ôܣ˭򳽻ԵĿ⣬ӿֳŨŨľ
˲ƣո˲𣿳ԸղվԣȻգۼ͵׿⣬һһƽԭ鵹ⲻ˲ʲôһ𾪵˵
ܿҡͷԲ˲ƣ˲ΨʦյֶΣԲһĽʦôܹյ˲ֶΣ
ǣȻ˲ƣǳôģȻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ԭǰһƽ鵹ֶѾȫʦˣ
һʱ䣬Ҳ֪ȥݳˣһƺһ㶼ı˻ᱻ
ֲٶȡֲսֶΣչֲֳΪ֪ĹֶΣ
ղųôģôͻȻһưԭ鵹ˣô£ԶȺУ˽δŵľرϹٽˣһ㵣Ǻ֪ԸղǿʲôֶνԭһƳ鵹ģ
Ϲٳϵƺǵأӹ۾΢΢˵
ϹٽһֻУȴ˾ϣ˻ᣬζҪЩܸŪԼڵΪ϶ʦʦֶξͿþŽ۷ʦ޻֮ЩֶΣӿǬԪҿ϶ܹһˡ
Ⱥ󷽣Ϊ׵ĺ˿Եıֺֻڵ˲ȭͷҲǽն𣬡Сһ㻹ƵƵ˸еⰡȲ뽫ץúоţξҲֹң
Сӣ֪֪ŵʲôˣϿ֡ŽţٲѽÿŷҶҪΪĳ嶯³çۡһŽʦԭ챻£æȳʮŽʦһʱ佫԰Χס


197 Ŀ
ȴǲҳ֣ԭؿڱԲסһԽϷ˵ͻֱӽԭ顣
ֱǿЦҪԸӿ˾ͺɱرԭ׳ոǺԸ鵹ˣǾȻҳвŲųԲɱԭ죬ӽһǹԴ
Դһ̤䵽ԣǹ𣬽ԻסȻŶʮŽʦ
ʱ൱죬ȻҲ֪ǿʲôֶһƳ鵹ԭģ˵̲ҪҪǽ
ڵĽǣԽԭ繷һزڵ£öԷʮŽʦ˿
ԣɲҪ嶯ϸ룬ҿŵɱңˣŷҽҲټΣհɣ㱳Щˣûֶΰ
ԭ챻һƳڵϣһӦŭ⳽ԣܿͷƣԼԸţԱ߻һ³ç֮ˡ
ԣ㳽ԲɱԶһǹԴ
ԣǿԼ侲װҲҪװ侲нɱ
Щؿһ۽µԭ죬û뵽ԭʱȻֵô侲һ۾Ϳԭװġ
Ҳ⣬ԭģҲɱ㣬Ҳ֪һ㣬ᷴҧһڡֻ˵ǻˣһҳ־Ͳǰ鵹ôˡ
㡭ʲô˼ԭһûӦû뵽Իô˵ľҪŹ
ɿţӣԭ˵ĵúио´ĵʱҸܲܰԴķɣԲҵĻгԵȨ
ԭһûٶֵ˼Ҫվ
˭վˣ
ȻҪվȴЦ
㡭㻹ԭǻʵ
ԺٺһЦֻûгֵı˵вٱָһԪϳ˺һټԪ۷屦ûɣ
ԭ۾ɵϴ󣬡һԪϳˡһټԪ۷壿ôȥ㡭
ڲ𣿡Цǲ
˵֮䣬ƣƺǰֻӬ뽫һķɡ
ôûУֻа˰ټԪϳ˺ʮԪ۷屦ȫˡ
ԭޱȱؽָϵĿռָȡ£Ӵӡǣݸԡ
Ȼ˵㣬ǿպðɣ´ҪԽӹռֱָ뵽ռ񣬶һ͵ԭ죬ֱվ߻ŷӪ
һγȻԻɱԭ죬ɱ
һɱԭ죬ȻǵŵĸǰɱȻɲǼռ䣬ִһƬռʦ֮µ߶ӦԴʦϻ߷ӦʦоͲˣŵĸֺࣿиͲãҲй¶ӡܡ
붯Լʵնɱԭ죬ͺնɱƷһ
˵ԭŵµһֵĶӣԶȵɱһ졣
ȻҲֶ֪֮Ȼ͵ϮЧһϷӦ߶Ծǿˣ϶Եһʱ䷴Ӧոճ֮ʣ˵ֶ棬ҲֻǶԸһЩΪǺǿˡ
Ժע㣬ŵĻ㳽Բ㣬ҲҪԴˡҪӼסﲻǱ俤ӿҰĵطóԷŷӪеĳǹųԷŷӪ
֪䣬еѾֱǿ뿵Ƚϡ
֣ô죿Ͽһ̾ЩڳԵܣȻ浫Ҳȥѯʡ
ʱĿеҲٶһΡ
Կһ۲Զı㣬ڹͻȫɢˣǾҸطص졣
ã
ԵĻŷ˽ǵͷû泽Ե
ǧʩ֪λϷͬУԽĿǧʩһ˿м֮ɫ
˷Ŷİȫǲð˼ķգȻԭв˵İ൱мġ
СҹȫˣҵȻҲܶʩǳǳһЦͷͬ⣬ǴʩҵŷӪС
СŮǿ֮áǧЦͬǴŻĹȵ˳ŷ
Цһڸһ֮¡
СӣȻñڶһڣԭųڷһ֮ɫ
ԭһŽʦԸղŲٶȿ죬´ֻҪ΢ĵ㣬϶ԵһʱĶ
ҵȻ֪ղûע⣬´Ҳҵŵ㣬ǧҪŻᡣԭ˵ɲϣԼڳǰӦĻᶼûС
ԼԼҲɣԼǰƺûеġ
ţǴˣ
ҪҪټֵܹӿŲŵĵڣǴȥǿ϶ڰ֮ȫϵʱ㳽ٶٿ죬ҲܶԸϰŽʦвٵĴʦʦ
ԭ쳽԰ᣬҡͷ˴£ҵĻᡣԺеǻᣬҵȵ˻ĹżУֲǷҪϳԡŷҺʩһлĹȵˣͬԶԸҾͲţȺ˻ʱʱ̴̿һ𡭡
Ȼܵ
ߣһǸСڣԭĿԶĳԣŨŨԹޡ
ʱȺ˹ע㱡ʱʱĿͶ򳽻ԣǵӵУǳž֮ɫ
ǰΪԻúýѵһԭ죬û뵽Ȼֻһ¶Էѵ֪ǽѵԭ컹壬һԭǾԲŹ
ǸеģǳԵΪ
ԵΪǴﵽʲôΣƿصʲôֶΣŽ۷ʦǰûκεķӦᡣ
һʱ䣬ԱǳΪ˳ΪĿˡ
ŵԼŵִ£ûȥۣ
֣ղôԭ죬ǸŵļһôѹӿˣôҲҪۣŷҵӪУڳһɻʵ
ҲͷʾͬԹӣɱԭǸ׳գԼµڶͦ㵽׵ġʱѰ鷳Ƕֵ
˵⣬ŷ˵ĿǾۼڳϣҲɻ󣬳Ϊûкúõؽѵһԭ졣
ŷѩҲЩɻԭǰᱡΪûнԭնɱϸһ룬Եɡ
Բǲնɱԭ죬ǲɱ
ȻˣЦҡҡͷֺγɱǸһûһɱôƱػŵķʱôŸۻĹżǿûаֺôҽһ˵вĻԭĽܷΧ֮ڣȥټŵĸǡңȻûɱɲҲɱ


198 Ѫ֮
ӳһ仰У˽ᵽһ˿ɭȻɱ⡣
ȻԶԭ죬ѾǱ˱ɱ֮ġ
ǲɱʱδ
ЦһԽϵɱȫĿʩǧĶˣȭλĳԮڴ˶лˣ
ӴСܵ˵ﻰô㣬Ҫɱ㣬ְܲæ𣿡ǧĿЦ
ʩҲҡͷһЦСҹʩҵļ̳ˣȹĶˣȻҲʩҵĶˣǲ㣬л
һֻ῿ŮķϥʩԵűš
Сڳĸ֮Ļֱ˵ĶС
Ӧ챱ż˰ɣǺǣ֪ɽɺãʦйһ֮Ե˴֮УʦȥݷһءϿһűܣЦ˵
űû뵽ϵʦȻнύ˷ܵõ챱żűܣȻĹż֮һִǰżҡ
Ͳˣʱ䣬һԼǰȥҡҡͷ˵ҵȥɽΪ˻󷽣ػһСĶӡ

⻰űϵ˷֮ɫʱ
ִĪҪ⣬Ȼ˵̱˵㣬ԻǲġʩЦΪű˵飬οԺʱղųȫԼԭвǵİæҲǶһٰˡ
˾ǰˣôǶһ١ǵһǵģЦҡͷȻʱѾа취Ըԭ죬ʩ˵飬ǻסġ
еļᶨʩҲΣҾͲ˵ʲôҲûָԵʲô飬ǰﳽԣȫΪ˽óԡ
ϲԹɫЦǾͲ˵ôˣڴҶѣʦŵĴϣҵֵܣڼȻǾڰңҶŵѣô
ⷬȻû˵ʩǧĶǴˣ֪ڰﳽԻ飬ҲóԲҪ̫¡
ңҪõŵϿɡ
£ǧıֱЦСܵûɱٽǾ·ˣСܵܿǸһڱء
лˣЦЦ
ǽʩǧĵѿԺҪʲôطҪԼܰϵģǵþ
޹أ
СӣȻôǰӣһҪñΪҿѡűܵʹĿ⣬ȥԵñȽϰȴŨŨĺӿ
ԵĸӦǺ侪ˣȻǲһ㣬Ҳֻҡͷ
ԭúøлűܣȴû뵽űܾȻСˡҲգֻҪűܲȥˣϾҲʩߵˣֱܲӽȥ
󣬳Ա뿵ϵһģֱҹһ˷𲽽״̬
ֻѪûоʲô˶״̬󣬳ҲǱ۾ûǵһʱ佫쵽˷ӡС
ʱվڷռУӿһ˿Ԫ£ǰնɱѪǣš
ˣѾ֪ͷѪڣΪûˡԵĵͣϵĶĿ򳽻ԣ˵
һʵΪΣ
ָŵϵѪǵΪͷѪǣûڵͱ˸ȡˡ
ʲôô˵ˣ
֮ǰ֮Կȥ࣬ȫΪԡѪѾоΪ͸ʱɻɼԿ϶ÿһܶӵеģҿ϶ΪƷǸһǩƽԼӶƷ
ŻȻԭǹеϧˡ
ոճԻΪѪ޿Դƣû뵽ǹ˱˵£϶ǲܹơ
ٺ١˷ģֻҪҵʱ䣬Ҿа취ŪƵƺµ˳Ե뷨Ц˵
꣬ƿصļܣѰ󡣶ڽȥ޸Ȼûа쵽첻
ʱ˽ȥ˵취Ҳͬ뷨
ãҾ͵ĺϢԾϲĵ
Ц˾ɣ㷽ŸṩЩǸаˡ
¾ͽˣ
˵仰Աǽ˳˷ռ䡣
Ĺżɱʧ˳ռ䣬ĿĻ¶һĨڴ֮ɫ
ʱգۼĳ֮ʣĻǵҪɢıԵ
ĹżڣҪ״𣿡ϥĳԻվĿֱǰ
ʱĻеı㣬ɢǹ㻹ѸٷŴǰʮƽѸٷŴƽһ򳡰
ĹżҪ𣿡
ڹĻ֮ǰվ˽ʮߣǰһĻɫӿֳŨŨļ˷ܣȴգһǵˡ
ĹżһܹʱתӴһƽѸٳΪһǿߣ˵ȭͷ쳣
ϹٽܲܳΪˣڴһˣĻĹʩҶҵӣһҪǰٱгԣϵĶһҪõϹٽԵĻӹҲһɫǺ졣
˵ƬĹżУֻҪҵõҺܿͿԱǿߣӿ˭ҵĶ֣Ⱥ󷽣ĿҲӿ˷ɫʡ
ڻĹżлĳλԶŸֵıΪѸŽκ˿Ҿ֮ǰԭ˫ĿŹ⡣
ȫڣ
㴦ɢ֮ʱȫʮߣǳ׷
һεĻĹż֮У˵һ˸Ļᣬܹõһ˿˿ô㹻ǳΪˡ
䡭
ԼĪʱۿžҪɢ㣬ǰһȻ죬ը鿪㣬ء
ĹżڿˣƱҪΪµһǿߣۿɢĻ֮ǰڶ߶ʱͺһϴܵ˿һڷŮˣһеطȥ
Ļ֮ǰˣǵһ˻Ĺżһͬȳһ㣬ŻĹżڷȥ
֡տһˡ
ھĻǧ׾ĲԭϣֶԱվһòŮӣŮ浾Ŀž޲û˿
ĻǰĽʮ߷׷ӿĹżһЦһθ߸Ծͬһֻ˫գգ֮Ǵǧ׾룬Ĺż
ֵ迴Ѿȫ뵽۷徳ˣ֪ʵڴʦ֮£᲻˵еù
ʣµһЦһŻտտһĹżΣ
֣ӦҲ뿴ҵﵽʲô˰ɣǺǣһһɣҲ뿴Ԫ۷幦ݺᡷûдﵽ۷ΣտЦŵͷ


199 տ
ݡ
£ͬʱڶͬǸ£磬УŲһ̤һ̱ǳ׿⣬̤αȳ˻Ĺż
տ㾹Ȼ͵͵ؽ̤塷Сɾ磿һ³˹һ𾪵ڹĻ֮ǰ鿪Ǽ˻Ĺż
δ뵽Ĺżе˿һĻɫ΢΢һ£˵ٶȣһԶԶǰ˵ʵΪҲȥ
뵽ȻǿĶ֣˵ɫ൱ѿǵһʱ뵽˻ĹżС
û뵽˾ȻҲˣεĻĹż֮нʮˣŹĻһЦ˵
ɻʵʶ
Ȼ棬˵졣ҡҡͷǧԵˣȻ죬Ǽȴͦġ
ԿЦһǼȻͦģ˴˼䶼ǰѶԷֿ˵ʵȻδﵽʦҿҪǿЩ¾ĴʦǶܹһ
ûǼᣬҵܹԸǣֻҪ⣬ҲΪӿһ֣ǧĵɫҲǱȻѾȫӡ
ȻôԲɵĻŨŨĺ档
ԼԶ˺棬ɵٶȽܵȽ뵽Ĺż⻹õ㣬ʵǱǿһˣҵƾҲ߹һУ뵽ĻǸΪ⻹Ҫܶ࣬Ҿ˵ͳʦľ磬ȻʧˣʵȴǲѰĴʦˣϣ߹ʮС
ŮأԶ˸Ӻ
̾ŮӽտΪ͸ӿֲˣȻδʦʵȴµģӿһУܹŵýǰϣ߲У
ж߲𾪵
Եʵ֪ѾǴﵽ˾Ž۷ʦΣҳŵƿ϶ѰŽ۷ʦܱ⣬¾ĴʦŰ취һ
û뵽һˣտŮϣȻжû߹
һΣԿڴ𻰣ѯʵ֣֪տΪʲô𣿡
Եֲ˵δͻƵʦӦöǾŽ۷ʦɣ
Сܵܣɲ´ӴǧĽЦһտ˵ŸոͻƵ߽ʦûأ
ŸͻƵ߽ʦΪʵôǿһ𾪵
ͻƵ߽ʦȻűѰʦҪǿʵ⻹״
˵ŸոͻƵĽʦʱаնԸѰ۷ʦ߽ʦϰȻˡȴһ㶼ұ֤ԼͻƵ߽ʦʱܹܵ˴ʦ
ͻȻһͷڳԵԺð
ѵһʦͷһðԾ̲סѿ˵
ǧȻû뵽ȻᱻԲµҲû룬ǵͷտһʦȻŸͻƵ߽ʦľȴʹﵽ˾Ž۷ʦĲΣĹżԼľͻƵʦΣ
ȻǾʦĿĻһ˿Īڴ
ڷİ£ȻѾҲҪΪһʦȴδؼʶһʦ
⻹״νӴʦ
ǧĽЦһСܵܣɲҪΪտǾʦСӴտԪΪȻ߽ʦԪȴ飬ڹҲԶˣ˵һǰͽһ³˹Сɾ硣ڲʹþǰ£۷ʦʵһŽ۷ʦս˿·硣ʵҲ֪Ѱһ״ʦ϶֣
̬
ǳԶǷǧĽܻտҲ̲סһֿڡ
ͬʱҲﰵ¾տˣԼһҪСģսǷ϶ǷӦ֮ԼֻǶռ䣬÷ռ͵Ϯǡ
رǻտԼǲ͵Ϯˣͨ˵ԼŸոտҪһ籩ɱˣ
ˣǾҪǱǣڻĹżѾҲȥɣ˼ĿǰĻ
ó֮ԣҲǽĿ˹Ļ
߰ɡ
һû˵ʲôֱӳŹĻȥ
Ĺż֮Уڿ
͡
շĻԱǸоԼһƣͬһʱ䣬һɻĹŵϢóԾȻҪĤݵĳ嶯
ݡ
ȻʱֱԷӡ齣ӿעڳԵľ磬óԾΪ֮һָ

ԵľջָǰһһƬµﻨϢóԲһˬ
ǻĹż𣿡
ǰͬԴ޾ޣΪ죬뵽ŵǹɻĹϢüͷ΢΢
Ĺż治ôأ
ˣĹżӦǴǧǰǿƬռ䣬һŵʦ۷ΪǿءڳԵԺ
ŵʦôüͷ΢塣
ʦȻ˵൱ǿ󣬵ӿʦǲٵġ
һʦżȻ˴Ŀռ䣿
ƺǲµ˳ʲôЦˣɱСʦԶʱڵĵʦɲڵˮʦܹȽϵġԶʱڵǿߣǶھ򣬾ڵͬǿȡƬżȻŵʦ۷Ϊʵ϶һѰĳʦ
ôǿԲɾ
ٺ٣ԺлʶʦģҿɲȺϼһȫˡٺһЦֵˣϵǱ齣ǷͬѰȻԶһǿԶϢ϶Ѱױ
Կе齣΢΢һЦŴʼ齣ͿʼڣʲôױԺҵĻ飡
ó⻰ɵóĬһܿǵˣЩڻϢӰأ㻹Ȼǰɡ
ԵͷĿһԣǼϵһϣ£æ߶뵽Ǿ磬ϵ˾ػѡ
ָоôƵġϻعһ𾪡
ŷ˸
λ֪ûУ˵ĻҲ뿪ˣʱһͻȻڲԶ
üͷ΢壬ȥǼǰ۵뵽Ĺżǣ˵ˣҲ⡣


200 ֮
˵֮ˣɻܿʲôĿȥǼڲԶԭһͷƫ
ԭĿ⵱УԲһ˿ŨŨɱ⡣
Ȼԭղڻع֮󣬾볽Ե˽뵽Ĺżк󣬿϶Ҳʧ״̬
ʱͿԶԳԶˣ
ȴǲϣĺüƻ˸ˣ
˻ᣬҪһҲ¶Ũҵɱûеһʱ䶯֣Ƕ˱˱ȭлλˣ
ȻԸûʧ״̬Ȼ˼ҺҲҪл
ֶβҲ֪ʵΣǺǣϣҲ̫ʧ˵ţĿ˿ϣִ£ļ꣬ҪŬˣҺڴ츳ִ³ΪҵĶ֡
Цգתӣ᳽Եˡ
վԵĽԼտһʼ˳һֱۣתǰûκ볽Լ˽̸ļ
ΪԭҪԸԣῴԵһۡ
뿵ȻżǱȻŲСĲࡣ
Ǹս뵽ĹżԴ˵죬ֶһƬҰͷǲҳ嶯ǰУֻڴ˵عƬ˵
ԭ㾰ҲǲҴ˶վڴ˵عҲû
ˣǶǽĿ볽Եˣ˶ûҲǲ߶
֣ԭǸ׳ռֱҲϵŵˣҪֱӶֽǸɵΣһ˵
ʩҹҲһɱص˵ûֱӶְɣȻĻǸС´β֪ҪʲôС
ΪղŲ˰һѣЩ˵Ѿԭ͵͵ɱˡ
ʱʧ״̬ôĶ֪
ҡҡͷ𼱣ǽ뵽˻Ĺżһ㶼˽⣬´ϤƬżһᶯְɡ
ˡʩҹȻвʣҲû泽Ե˼
ԣ㿴ǰʲô
ʱŷѩͻȻָҰǰ˵
ʱҲΧڶߣ𽥵ɧ
ǰȥǼҰǰͷȻϼĴӣӦӲϾ
ϼƬռкȻɢһɹɻĹϢرǽ޾ҰǸһּΪŨҵĻĹζ˸оԼԶʱ
ʲôôôǿҵĻĹϢǰһĻɫһ
ǰ϶кöǰȥ˶ĿȲؾҪǰȥ
ݡ
ʮ߽ĹżΪ˻Ѱʱǰƺбļ󣬸û࿼ǣֱǰȥٶ֮죬ֱǱսʱĻҪ֡
գۼ䣬еߣȫǳǰӶȥԭشֻʣ³ԵһȺˡ
ԣǽô죿ҪҪһȥŷѩһѯʵ
Ҳá
ԶҲ˽⣬Ҳûйȥ룬ֱӵͷ
˵ȵȡ
ȻڳԸҪ̤ŲȴͻȻڳԺ𣬡ˣǰƺĻҪûǿ㻻ϵϼĵطɣ
ޣʲôԻǵһƣɵɻʵ
ٵԶʱ޵һҲԳԶޣѾǰЩ޼пҲѾûȫǿʶģǵսǺǿֻ൱ѰʦǿߡҵĸӦУپۼĻޣ
Ļޡǲʦǿ𣿡Ƥ̲סʦǿߣ濹İ
жʮʦǿߣҲԲܶԸȺʶĻޡ
ǱߣԼʵ
ǰǰ
ֱӵͷĿϵˣǰЩΣգǰǰ
򣿡˶ʱɻոճԻ˵ȥû뵽תۼ͸ıˣǲû˵ʲôܿ͵ͷӦ
ڳԵľѾûʲô顣
Ȼûʲô˲ûˣ򣿳ԣ˶ǰֱߣȴǻⲻǴˣ𣿡
˵ˣűܣ
űܣ˵ôˣǣʩɫ˵һŭ
űܼʩȻάԣиһոջ˵ŴһߣǸҪǰн֮ʱȴǰߣһֻҳһɡΣգʲôΣգʮʦǿ߳ȥΣգֵǹȥΣˣ㻹˵ˣǣǲǣصǲǡ
˶ҷʲôƨ̲סֱʩҹҲһŭضűܡ
һ˵ŷѩҲǼΪߡ
Ȼ˽˵ˣ
ȻֻĪ˵һΣգת䷽ǰУǸỳɳˣǡ
³ûȷֻǸоǰΣգǶǲỳɳԡ
ߴٵڳԵԺ𣬡ˣǸ׳գ·ɣϾҪûˣϵϼɢܾ֮ͻкܶΪ޵вˣ
ԣüͷһšűܵԲҸı䷽ǰУֻ˵㵽ʱڿɱң
˵꣬Աֱת䷽򣬳ǰٳȥͬʱһ˭ΪˣǵĿԸһҵĿԸҡ
ûκԥűһˣȫǽظ˳ԡ
ΪǾԲܻˣǣرŷˣеĵλѾ˶㣬ʱǳҪǳǶһüͷ
ߡȺ׳գҾԲʩǸŮˣԺ˻ᣬһὫڿ£űųԼʩתȥıӰɫ൱Ҳֱͣǰ۶ȥ
ʮʦУûԳݵˣŽʦҲһٸűþŽʦ˶ĻĹżУôһջûУ
һ̣űȫ˳Կ˵ģǰΣգ
𣡡
𡭡
𡭡
Ȼ䣬һľ޺Ұ֮𣬰һ𣬽űһľ޺ͬ಻ľף쳹ա
ʲôʲôôоޡ
ôôܼҸоԼ߽֮һĴޣ
찡Ǿǵʲôط
һ˵ľ޺һֱǰĶʮǣһȫ񣬽ŲҲͣ¶ŨŨĿ־֮ɫ
ۡ
޺֮𲻶ãЩ߽µĵ棬·ʲôͱһͷͷ࣬ЯһɿֲĻĹԼѪϢӵصðֱӶЩ׼ߣΪײпֲĹ
͡

֮£һȫУеıһֻ޸ҧ֫壬еǱҧͷ­ӵصҧ˫ȵࡣ


201 
е˱ֱʳ
ȺѪʱƬҰҽҲǻص
ЩνĻ𣿡Ѿܳ·̣ԶȺߵĲҽתȥȺֲЯŨŨĹϢ࣬ɫȻ
Ⱥƺȷ˵ĻҪֲ
𣡡
𡭡
ڳ֮ʱǵǰҲһײбŰ޺֮
֣ô죿ЩѾֵˡżѯʵԶһȺԿóȺ޾Ѫײе࣬ѶԸ
촽ҲһŨŨѪϢЩûʶҪǵķֻһǾɱ
ɱ
ݡ
ԵĹϾŨŨĻսɱǧĵȶʮλŽʦҲûƬ̳ɣбһһٶȣܴӵصðĻޣնɱȥ
͡
Ե˵ʵԶЩޣһ֮±׵ش˻޵Ҫ
أ
ȻԵΪЩ޻ᱻһնɱʱȴͻȻȻҪϵϢûм˿Խױ
ѵЩ޸ɱ
˼һĻжʱһµͷǴ˴εĻĹż֮УҪΪǵˡ
ת˲ȴַ֣ȻдδɱĻޣ峯ŵϺ¡һ£˿Ϣ
ͷЩѾǻֻͷǵ㣬ҹǵͷվһ߿Щط޷ɱ
Щնɱ˵Ļޣͷܵ
óԵѣԵǰһûжٶȳʣĻ޳ɱȥ
͡͡
һΣǽǹ޵ͷܿǽΧʮֻ޾
Ҽǰϣ޾콫֮Ҫʱ䡣ۼΧðʮֻޱɱæ˵
Ե˽ǵͷû顣
ղȻɵնɱЩޣһӴǶڻҲЩ˽⡣
Щ֮Իᱻ׽ΪʵУΪʵǿͬ׵ȥͬ׵ĻޣĽ϶ǻɱߡ
Щս֮ʱȫ˼ֻƴ֣ǳͷطãͬԿ
Ҵ˿Ļ޻һϴޣԵʵǿᣬҲⲻҪԵ
£һȺæӿٶȳϼ֮ӶȥƬ̵顣
Լʵﵽ˾Ž۷ʦܻĸ߽ʦǴŷҵӵܷӸ·ŷʮӵΪձڳʦٶʵ̫
ϹٳǱ߻ƺ٣Ҳ̫ˡһȭһֻнʦ޵ԴӹųԵȥķɫЩѿ˵
ԭǻΪǰ׳գͬһ·ڿƺơ
ǲû̫߳Զܳʮ·׷ȥҲòСһ·ϣǻҪǰĻޣǵǿȥ鷳Ϲٽ΢΢ãϡ
Ϲٺüͷ΢⳽ɱϣ֮ǰ֮йìܣͣԸô죿
ԪɷΪȻصͷ֮ǰûٶԸԣڣ˫֮Ҳǵжԡ
ϹٽЦһͣǲҲͣѲΪǻ᷵ԸǣǸųȥˣ˵󣬻᲻ҲһߣʱǰĻгǽĻиһЩ߽ǲҲֵøɺͰȫ
ϹٳùȻܵ
ԣӹ˽˷ܵͷû˿顣Щ˵̫вǱЩ޾סǲ֪ʱܹϵϼ֮ء
£Ϲٽ˱ǿٰߵĻ޾ֱųз׷ȥ
߼Ϲٽ˵Ķ㶣漴㷴Ӧһųڷ׷ȥ
Ǳ߲٣һгԵ˿ǵȻŹֺ¡
ŲųԷӶȥĻҲ׷һЩǿĻ޶ǷŭسɱȥͼЩܵȫɱ
֣вҲˣҿƺǧǵˡԸں渺ϺȲæ߳ԡ
ԵĻŷڶӵܶʱɧŷȻҲǧǵļ壬ǰǧǸֶԸǣǸսԭ֮ʱЩ˻ǣǶǧǵĸ޵˼㡣
ǣǼӿٶȸ·СԻͷһ󣬲ûдͣ˵뷨ѡǰ
ԵȾŽʦҪϹٽ練ƣһǼпܾͻᱻ޸ס޻Щһ޴֣ǧĻޣŷҵӵⲻ˻д뿴ġ
ǵǰĿ꣬ǰϼ֮أ˶ڳǸϣѡķȻлޣΪƫЩ·;ҪһЩץʱ䣬ܾҪȸϵˣʱô˵ͻᱻռ
ͬ뿴ģ
ԵĻҲû飬ֻвʵؿһϹٽˣٶȼ٣ͣǰ
Ϲٽ˼Բûͣ¶Ըǵ˼˿ҲǼ׷ȥ
𡭡
Ե˲ǰ˲ʱǰһľ
͡
һֻֻߴĻޣ˺ѵ棬ӵصðѪײеĿ⣬ֱ˳Ե˵ϡ
Сģŷӵ˵м䣬λذæŷӵܡΧðĻޣԵ
ЩϵϢѸܳЩ޴󲿷ѾнʦʵŲٴﵽ˸߽ʦŷӵϣˡ
ʵڳľŽʦǸһеóԽеǲڻ޸ճ֮ʣǾγһȦӣŷӵܰΧڣͬʱɱȦڶޡ
͡
˵ǿнʦĻޣǿȸ߽ʦĻޣԵһȺŽʦҲֽͬһ㱻նԴ
𡭡
ȻԵһȺŽʦγ˱ȦʵЩ࣬Ȼֻ޳˱Ȧ
ֻнʦĻޣͬһ뱣ȦٶޱȵسųŷѩϮɱȥУ˸һѪײζ

ŷһȣۻԪΪһ貵Ĺȥһֻ޵ͷ­֮ϣʱͷ޵Դըɷ顣
ףʲô
ڻԴըһ̣Էһźɫľ档
ûʱȥϸΪһֻޣѾԸٶȳ߳ɱ
ѩСģ
ݡ
û˿ԥе齣ȻʣЯһƥķϢǰͻޣֱնȥ


202 Ľ۷ʦ
͡
꣡
ǰֻޣ൱н۷ʦʵһ֮£࣬齣ķâ˻޵Ķͷ
һĿͽȻ
Щ޶ģԺмǵһʱðͷ
ݡ
ƺΪӡ֤룬һֱӱ齣գ󾭹һֱӽ˳Եڡ
ȻóԸеɻȴǣӿĵֱӳľ磬Ӷȥ
ʲô
зŨŨ𾪣Ϊ֣νİħԪһδӴδ֪
һֱ֣ӽľ硣
Բûиоκε쳣ǲǹ뾫еȻǿٵرѪƸգľ
ȻԻԾȵ۾ܿ죬ֻУֳһɷϲɫ
Դˣͨ齣ȻԻľⲻ޵һ
£Ƭ֮ϣִһۿȥ޵Ҳ֮
ҽĹżĵһջ񰡣ϲɫϹŨŨЦ⡣
ܿ죬Цͱ֮ȡ֣鷳ǽЩȸ߽ʦĻ޸ȻռԴľ˸ҡЩͨĻޣȫҽ
ڿҵնɱޣҪϵϢرǾǧҪ˸ˡѸϵϷ
÷壬ʵͻЩѰĻޣƱػᾡնɱ
ҪסϵϢʵ̫ˣҲ˵ۺ졣
նɱ޿ʹֶǱ֪˭ۺ쵽Ȼ󲻹һеرųԽֶ
ʱ¾ıҲ׽¡ңκһ߷ֶΣ㿵վڳһߣܰס
ǡˣȻҲ˳Ծı仯ûгɣ֮ӿֱӿס˳Ե塣
䣡
ʱ䣬һԿκһ߽ʦϢʱԳԵɢ
ʱ䣬ҸЩΪûָ߽ʦҲԶ˰ԲԼϵǿϢҲӿֳ˷֮ɫ
ôܣԵΪôһӾʹﵽ߽ʦˣѵǰʵ볽ԽӴʱ䲢ԸܵϵǿϢɫһ䣬Ƽ˹һ㣬ų㶵ողǲĽʦôôʹﵽ߽ʦˣ
ǳԵһֶΣֶΣԴԼսһΣûôû뵽Ŷ̶ʱ䣬ʹﵽ˸߽ʦˡһԽ˵
ǧĵˣϵ볽ԽӴʱȽϳĶ֪ƿֶΣҲΪ𾪣ڶ̶ʱ䣬ΪѸ٣ȻսֶΣΪ
ϵĻҡͷ̾˸еȵļһﰡ
ǧһ˵ǻȰﳽԽЩЩĻްɣȻ󽫻Դľ˽ԡĻޣóһ˽ɡ
ã
Եͷû飬ǧĳЩĻޣɱȥ
ݡ
磬ѸһĻ޳ȥգۼֻнʦĻǰе齣һŽֱ꣬ӽ⼸ֻ޸ס
𣡡
⼸ֻ޺ܿᵽһŨŨΣϢǲûкˣǷΪײеһе򳽻ԡ
͡
ꡭ
ڷĲٿ£齣̳ÿһֱ޶ͷԴеľ˸顣

ʱϸ볽Եľ磬ѪƸںϡ
䣡
ܹԵظ֮ܵľֱͻƵĽʦ
ҵʵڿԿˣѸȡͻƣԸΪ˷ܣͬʱҲڴһնɱ޺ľһײ
ݡ
Ǹо˳ԵڴÿһεĹøΪÿһγȻһֻ޵¡
Ȼÿһֻ޵µͬʱһ齣ľ磬Ѫգľٵš
Ľ׺ʦ
Ľ۷ʦ

ӵĹ򣬳ܱߵĻޣ¾꣬ûһֻʣ¡
ӵʱ䣬ԶһɱϰֻĻޡ
ľҲĽ۷ʦĲΣֻһǿʦ
Щ޵ЩٰԿۿյʣһֻ޵ܣһ˿ʧ
ۿžҪͻƵʦˣΧĻ޾Ȼûˡ

˿Χ˼ɱϰֻн׻ޣһ𾪲˼顣
һҲ̫ǿ˰ɣս󣬿¾ңĶְΪصŷ壬Ҳ̲ס̾
ųϵϢȻſ߽ʦֳսȴѾȫԽѰľŽʦ
ԹӲǿִµֵֶܰΣʵ̾Ϊֹ̲ͬס̾ԷűֳʵȲɱֶΣȴоΪ֡
ʩǧҲǽųԣ̲ת֪Ծôġ
رǧģ֪ͨһǰһ۷ʦ
ΨŷѩЦ⣬ûȥ롣
ΪԾֱͻƵʦǺġ
ԣֶԽԽˣ￪⣬ϹٽߣüͷϹٺϸǳ䣬ڰǰԲſ̤һʦû뵽ڿطֶΣսȻԸϵˣ콫֮ȥԻΪǧǵһ
ᣬ콫ضѶԸӹ̲ͬס̾
ԪɷҲ֪ʲôΪȻô죬Ҷе㻳ǲǰħˣҲֻаħôֲٶȰ
ԣҲɴӿǰħ
ħۣʢԪͷҲֻСħܽ͵壬Ϊλ˿ֲٶȡ
ϹٺǰħǾͱҪѸˣʱ㲻Ƕ֣
Ϲٽ΢΢ͷ˵òǰħĻǶ֣Ŷһ
һǰħأӹЩǵʵ
ϹٽЦһǰħǰħҲ취ñ϶ǰħ
ϹٽˣԶĲߣԴɱķһնɱϰֻޣֳѰŽʦսͬ
֣㻹Ǵ۽簡ò˶ãʵҪˡߵԣļȻƣϵʮž˵ݸԣҪĶ㡣


203 ɱ¾
лˣ
Խӹˣ֮뵽ռָУʱѾȡĿȨһڼӿٶȸ·ɣǰ棬˻ޣֻҪرģʵȸ߽ʦĻûгʮֻȫԸɡ
á
ԵȻû飡
£һȺٶȼӿٶȣǰȥ
Ծϼ֮Ҳ·̣ȫ֮£ʱܸϵ
һ·ϣΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ȡİ𵤷ŸŷӵܣΪڵĶԪƬ̱ʹ꣬ð𵤲䣬Ҫһʱܸϵ
һ·ϣԵҲûʲôޣżðһֻʵǱնɱ
ʱ󣬳Ե˾ϼԽӽӽԸܵΧձøŨ
ٶȣٹʮӵӣӦþͿԵִĿĵ˰ɣĿֱǰϼ⣬мš
󣬸ʮŷӵܡ
ʱŷӵܣϢ֮ǰҪʵ˲١
ԭ򣬱ǳ·İˡ
аһ·ϲҪϢԪΪ˲٣ͻƵĽʦ˵ΪҲһΡ
֣ʵĹżҲͦȫİֻҪСĵ㣬ƺʲôΣءԱںϺģʱûΣգһںģܵǰ볽졣
볽ʶʱȻȴǼΪĵΪԵˬӣҲֵ졣
ǺԡԡԼʩҹڸ·ͬʱҲǻᾭϼ䣬һ·ЩƣΪ֡
ЦĹż϶򵥣Ҳֻûްˣ޵ǰֲûʶĻȺɹǺһġ
ٺ١ʲôĻʵǿҲͿѰĸ߽ʦЩˣϸֻޣҲûʲôȫɶԸԵú⣬ۿžҪϵĿĵأûл޻û
ҡͷȻѰĻǿɶԸҲɴⰡǻǸսĹżʱ̶ҪСġҪԸǻޣ֮ǿܾҪԸΪĶˡҪԵĿܻǶԸ˵˻
ϵͷͬȻû̫ΣգҲҪʱСģìܣпܻᵼߴһӲ̣ʱ״̬ãԿĿܾˡ
ţ١ǻҲ֪ô鷳㳽ֲ֣ҶҪֺúýѵһˣȻǻ֪ʲôطԶŵ˼Ϊһἰţʱŭؽ
𡭡
˻Ҫ˵Щʲôǵ󣬺Ȼһ޺֮
гŨŨѪϢȻǻ
޺һؽһأȥͺ졣
˼ʶȫźȥһ̣ǱǼ￪⣬ﵽǧֻĻͬһ㣬ӵصðѹѹһƬֱǽǧ߸û
ͬʱٵĻޣҲǳ΢ǰϹٽˣɱȥ
ӡӣ
Ϲٽûκԥֱǰȫ롣
ǵɫ൱ѿΪֻҪڳеĻ޶ᱻԽǲκΣգȴûϵ޾Ȼǵ֡
һ֣ǧͷ
ǧͷ޵Уǻᵽ˼쳣ǿϢ⼸ϢϹٽǸеΪ֮
ϹٽķǳԵڷ
Ϲٽ˵⣬ǧֻֻ޵Ĵ£Ըٶ׷
Ⱥģҿ쳷ԼϹٽȻŻ޳룬۾ʱ𣬵ȴǲͣ
ǧֻޣ޷ֵ
£Ҫŷӵܣֱӳǰȥ
𡭡
ȻʱǵܣȻһ޺֮
͡
ż޺ǵĶһֻֻ͸ߴ͵Ļޣ˺棬վڵϣųԵˣͭ۾˸Ѫ
Χˣ
һ̣һ˵ǰңǳٵĻޣֻڲ
𣡺𣡺𡭡
ܵĻһ֣Ǵɱ򳽻Եˣͫ˸ײ֮⡣
γɱȦŷӵܣǰǿǱߴ߳ǧҪ޸סԼǵһʱԸŨŨζ
ǣ
ԴӦǣæɵˣγһԲαȦŷҵ˱м䡣
ԣСģŷѩڱȦм䣬Զһվǰ棬ɵôѡ
Ҳ£
ԲûлͷӦһ䣬Ŀضǰɱϰͷޡ
𣡺𣡺𣡡
վǰ棬Ȼ׵壬ǰֻޣֱԾ𣬳ųԵɱ
ݡ
ʱ򣬳ԵѾƣ磬ٶޱȣ̳ûƬͣ͡
¡
ֻޱԻ龧ˣֱӵأһ¡졣
񣬲ҪЩˣȿһЩԺеǻᡣնɱٶ죬ּС
Σû£Ǳסŷҵӵܣ¾ͻԱȽΣˡ
ǣˣ
ͷӦ齣Ľ֮ϣһİ׹⸡ͬϵ⣬Ҫؼа֮
ݡ
齣̳ٶȸ죬ǽΣδƿա
ÿһҲǿ쳣ǿȸ߽ʦĻޣڵֵһҲǱ齣һ̴˶ͷ
䣡
һӿ뵽磬ԵľȻǣǴĽ۷ʦﵽʦ磡
ˡ
øΪǿ󣬳ԷԼӡ֮ϵԽԣܹܵӡз֮ĵ
ĸоǸոͻƵʦľøΪʵ࡭
ھԽǿͬʱӡ֮ϵ󣬳ԺȻоԼϵϢٶ߽׳ʦﵽ߽ڡ
ʵնɱ޵ٶȸ죬
ÿ̳һһֻ޵ءȻרȥԻԴеľˣ΢ǿЩģҲǻ侧ˣ
ս֮УԵľٶȽŷԾԵıǡ
ɱ
ǳԵ屻ţԼϵɱϢȻ̲סдȳɱⰻȻ
ǰϰֻޣʱ䣬Ȼôȫһ˸
ҿ٣ǧҪ޸׷ˣϻͷһ󣬷ϹٽϾҪ׷ʱȵͬʱɫһݣֱӳȦܱߵĻ޳ɱȥ
ɱ
ƺܵɱϢӰ죬ϵĿҲǱһɱϢĴȣ˷·һǣǰĻȥ


204 ɱ

ǰֻޣԴͬһը
ֵǣЩȫҪһֻ޳ȦҲǴȣһǹֱ̳Ӷһֻ޵Դ
ɱ
ʱ䣬˴ڱȦŷӵܣȫսͣնɱޡ
Ȼڴɱ֮䣬ǲδɥʧǣԼٶȸųǰ
ˣӺϹٽˣҲԽԽնɱ֮ʣ˫֮ľ룬Ѿֻʣ˲һ·
ϹٽĻޣڲǰɱ¾һ˫ڵͫףȻͨޱȡ
һƥײѪϢڶ

һɹײѪϢǻһźƣųڷֶȥ
ʲôԪɷ̧ͷϿգһ˵
ϹٽɫǻɱɵɱƣһɱƸ֣׾ͻӰ죬ɱɣʧǡ
ôԪɷɫ΢䣬˿ΪźȻǴɣδǣǳųԵֶȥ
ʱֻǰ޵Уɱķɱɱһ㣬ǳ֮⣬ǲ
ʱó˵ı˿Ҫѹסˡ
ǰ֮Լٳų룬һĿҲΪĻ޵ߣóԵԸ
óԵ֮նɱޣҪΪ˱ڱȦŷӵܡ
ĻǰʮʮˣӦùʱŷӵܱȻ˲ء
ƬʲôϢһȻûӴǿһۣҾҪȥնɱ޵ĳ嶯ˡոͻƵĽʦŷӵϿյƶ˵ŨŨľ֮ɫ
ʩɫҲ΢΢ãΪߣ֪
ǱɱƸ˵ǣŷȺʵߣ϶ᱻɱӰǣӶһеسȥ޲ɱʱ˲ء
ɱƣȴҲ޿κΣͲ֪ʲôǰȥӦ
ԣɱĻޣزܹŷӵܽӴǧĹʩǶ˾ʹŷӵܿǰ롣΢΢Ҳֻ취ܱŷӵܲˡ
ҲãҲСģǧĺʩǵͷ
˴Ӧû˵ʲô촽ɱ¶ĴȺ޳ɱȥ
һȺ󣬾ȻҲǰҲãûи֣ҾǼʶʶ֮ǻҲⱡСӥҹȥ
ڿ׼Ҫɱǰ֮ʱһ֮ͬеһףȻǰ
ǱǼһչ֮³צӥޣȻӳڷڶ

һݣֱӥϡ
ϡ
СӥһУȳֱӳϵɱƷӶȥ
ҪȥʲôôɵƬȥˣǿɱưһСģǾͻȫӰ죬ԵҲ̫˰ɣƬɱƿֻдʦϵΪſԳס¾˶Ը״
ԼһĻԳΪأҲ̲ס
Ƭɱƣ˿
ԽµӦֻӥֻӥȻﵽԪƷˣԪƷҲǲаƬɱ֮ܺ󣿳ԾԪƷķްɱӰ쵽Ҳ޷Ѱ¸Ǻã
ŷԷɱƣ϶ʱֳŨŨĵ֮ɫĿŷӵܣʱһΪ˱ŷЩӵܣҲҪԼվ⴦վѰʦ˵ء
ΪȺļһŷɫѿ˼㣬Ȼŷӵܴȵŷҵӵܸˣ̸ȫ֣ɱΧСĻޡǿĻǲҪȥֻ뿴ǵʵս뿴սиҴ鷳ҪǳȥǣûУ
ˣ
ŷҵӵܼΪ˾ǣȻֻɱƣͷʱŷ˵ⷬڵѪҺǳ׷ڣȵ
Ǿ͸ҽΧĻȫˣ
ɱ
ŷӵܵϣһɱϢ˿ΪԵı֣ǵһ¶ΪŷҾӢӵܵķ
ЩȥȫˣĿֱǰǰĻޣҲŨŨɱ⣬ɵʮŽʦǰȥ֮һҾս
ţŷѩͻȻء
ĿǰһֱŸ߿մĳԣû̫·ʱԵĻæֹϵĳ˵ѵԳûһ𣿡
ŷѩӣҵȻųԣǿɱư˵ǳԣտֵԿɬһЦγųԣɱƵ˽⣬ųҲǲа
ʩŷѩĻȴͻȻ£ѩ˵òȻҲֶ֪գԵֵɱƣȻѾ׼ҪԸƬɱƣǾҪǻȥ鷳
ʩ˵鷳Գȥɱ
˫һ˻ս󲻻ȫ޸û϶Ҳɴ
ԲǳҪġ
ȻˣҾųһΰɣϣܹ漣ͣ£̧ͷɱƣʱĳȻ뵽ڵɱƵУ޷ԵΡ
ȴܹظܵɱƵͷųŨŨɱȻδӴȴǸоԼǷ·ܵӰ졣
ţȻҪǴĻ޽вɱŷҵӵʵϾ˵㣬״սԻϣڴ˰սȦڸϿ룬ǧܱĻ޸׷ϡŷѩ˵
ģڣŷӵܲ£ԻܿսȦֱӴӦɵǰŷҵӵܡ
״ŷѩǷĿȴǲؿһԵʩڷҲظܵʩϵĵ֮⡣
ǰ㵣ֵĽźһԸ˫λãԼɱƣȡԡ
ҡҡͷŷѩûȥ룬Ҳµʱ
쳷
Ƭ̣ŷڶӵǱشսȦԵһУȫǰӶȥ
ȻսȦŷҵӵϣȻǵŨҵɱ˷ܡ
εսʱȻ̣ǼҲûɱʮֻޣϵѪɱϢȴǵǷ·һϴӣ״䡣
ǽνǼ˳ǰ͵İ𵤡
Ȼεı仯Ҳ˵ɳһɵġΪԣҲǰȥս
ˣʱĳԣŷҵӵĿУѾλãΪǵϣҪȡŷĿеĵλˡ


205 ɱ
ףôСˣ
һȺǰ벻ףǱǷ֣ޱܵĺ¡ͻȻȥֱʧ
һĻ˽ǻͷȥǿһĻнӿֳ֮ɫ
ʱЩƺͲΧ࣬ǵ۾ǶͷϵɱơǵϣɢŸΪŨҵɱϢЩɱϢһŸΪڵɱƣ뵽ϵɱƵС
ɫɱƣƬأð

ɱ֮Уһ㵭İ׹⣬Ƿ֮ŷ֮СӥŲڻᱻɱƸӰ졣ʱĳԣϵػӶƣÿһλӶͻһɷ֮ӳܵɱƳصȥ
ϸһ֣ᷢЩɱеǱɢǱ
ͺ⾻
ˣɱǧֻͦģѰĴʦǶпܻܵӰ죬Ӷ뵽ɱ¾С÷֮ԾȻҲֻǱ֤һƽˣ㽫֮ٵش߶֮ɱ
ʹ÷֮ȻԿپɱ֮ȴҲڷģΪǰԭŪЩ·ΪָʦҲԶԶá
䡭
ɱ𽥱õȴ֮ʱ·ȴͻȻӿɱƣɱѸںϵһ𣬼Ǳ𷽲ŻҪŨҲ١
Ⱥ󣬲ǵ汾ƣΪԼԶˣҽҪǼʶʶʲôԶ֮ɱʵɫҲÿ
ˣ
û˵ʲôֱڷռȡʮԪ۷屦ԼټԪϳ˱ЩһŰ׹⾡
ںϣ
һӡһӡƴɳ뵽׹֮С
ʱ䣬űİ׹⣬ȻԾ֮䣬׹еıȻҲʼ𽥵ڻһŰ׹⡣
֮
ȫǷ֮
ʾʱͻƣҲҪЩȫˣʮԪ۷屦ټԪϳ˱ǴԼ߲ΪģʱȴǲòȫóԸǰɱơ

֮һγɣǻһŴİ׹⣬ܵɱӿȥ
󣬾ͷ·ҫأϴ
Χɱһ׹ҫסۿɼٶѸɢȴ
һﻹǳıӵȻҶһȥԸǧͷɵɱƣҲڿ϶ǱɱƸڻͷʣˡԪɷ綢ͷϵĺƺٺٵЦ
Ȼֶ֪βףҲԲΪԿԶԸɱơ
ӹҲЦΪԼе㱾£͸ҺǧͷӲʬ嶼ûУҲһӦˡ
ԣҲǻáµʡԳɱˣʢ̵ͥͷǵȻǱһˡ
ϹٽˣȻѾˣԺͲҪȥˣҲϵĿĵأĹż֮УǾͺúԼʵҲԺԸʩһ߱ǵĴѹɡֻϣڳˣǲΪ˳Ըǡ
ԪɷֻɵӲŻأٺ١ȻĹż֮нҲðŷҸˣ˵ŷΪҲﵽ˰˽ʦǲ˵ԺҲΪһ鷳
Ϲٽͷİɣʱŷһ˶ӡ
𡭡
Ϲٽºνŷ֮ʱǲԶǧͷޣͻȻһֵǵȻһɰζ
ָоͺǹ»Ұε֮ʱ˺ڰ޳
ô£޺еľ֣Ϲٽɫɵýһ䡣
ʶ̧ͷɱƣǼʴɱƣڴ˿̾ȻǱõޱȣʱ뵽ա
ɱ֮УһĿİ׹⣬ͬһ߸վܡ
ǰ׹ʲôɢɱƣɢǾԪɷհ׹⾪˵ϸȥӰ׹ĴǵϤӰ󣬼Ƶĺʱǡǳԣû
ԡǳԣû£⾿ô£Ϲٺ΢䣬һֱϣܹʱû˲ʣ̲סܡôܻûѾ˰
ʱǽǽĿϹٽƺҪϹٽеóͬĴ𰸡
ϣϹٽĴǲһϣϹٽ˵ǿˡ
Ȼ˵עӣϹٽɫȴǱøСγɱƵУȻû
һĿԶԸƬɱƣ̫ţˣѰĴʦ״ԵҲǷеĳԣó԰ȻҴʣɱƣǵг𶯣Ǿϲˡ
ѩӶԳָİǰǷҿ¾͵ôˡ
ҡͷ̾ǺٺһЦѩӣҿ볽˹ϵƺ֪ڷչһˣ˹ϵûȷ

˵˵ŷѩһӱæ˵볽ԲѰˡ
СɵӲͨѹϵأˣΪͲ˵ˣǴﶼסһȻ˵š
ȿȡϴ󺹣æ˵ԣ㲻ҪˣЩȻԽˣǶϹٽһȺģϹٽ뺦ǣڿȥǸסǧǸˡҲҪɱǣȳôǡ
⻰϶ʱӿֳһĨ׹⣬ģܲˣ
˵ţϴŰŽʦٳϹٽ˷Ӷȥ
Ҳȥæ
ʩɫΪزÿһ䵭Ļǰȥ
æ£Цʩʵ߳ЩȻסҲѱⷢԻæŷӵܡֿɲϣŷӵܳ£Ӧòʧɣ
ţҲóʧģʩ̧ͷһմ׹סĳԣĿ֮ҲǸһĨ춯
ѵĲ֪бס𣿡
ʱʩУ·ζƿ򷭣֪Ǻζ
ͻȻǰЩԼһ
ŷѩһʩĿתܿջĿ⣬עʵĳԡ
ϣڵɱƱðȥȻŵɱδȫɢЩɱѾ޴󰭣˵ǳԣѰ˵ǲӰ쵽
ô죿ʵ
΢΢һЦԵΪ˷ܣˣЩɱƿϢȫฺ밵ħıƣǰΪʵ̫࣬ǿ壬һСģͻ˺壬ҲֱӽգڲͬˣɱѾֻ࣬ʣ²һɣȫԽȫյ


206 ռ
ԭˣû뵽ɱƾȻ밵ħıơȻոɻΪη񲻽Ƭɱȫɢû뵽ΪƬɱƵȻ밵ħơ
ҲóףΪη֮Ծɱˡ
ָʵķɴһ
Ǿɰħ
ʱɱƣÿɣ

ûйͣǰųİ׹⣬ֱǷڶմкڹ⣬ȫֶס
ݡ
ڷ֮İ£ɱһڹ⣬ֱ뵽ԵĶͷռ䡣
͡
ɱս뵽ռ䣬ǱѾصռеķգܹظܵϵϢٵš
ӵʱ䣬ԾȽף׳ʦ۷ʦ
ϲʵֻһͿԻָ߽ʦˡԵףص
ٺһЦŴĻ޾ˣž㲻ͻƵ߽ʦҲʦˡ
ҡͷһЦЩʹãڸû̫ʱЩû߽ʦʱóʹá
ˣǺĻӦÿԶԸЩͨľŽ۷ʦˣһͻƵ߽ʦ֮ӦÿԿʩʵǶͻƵ߽ʦٺ١⣬Ƕһս
Ĺż֮УȻϸֱﶯģᷢ˵ҲⲻһսҵþʵˣЦЦʵѸ٣ľȴŸոͻƵʦҪͻƵ߽ʦһξ롣
ˣô죿ʵ
ȻٶȸĿĵˡ˵ȴͻȻĿҲ·ڸ·֮ǰǵȸлһϹٽˣǣʵָôء
Ȼ˵ŸлԵȴ˸ŨŨɱ⡣
ݡ
Сӥųֱӷ£䵽֮ϡ
ԣû°ɣ
һŷѩæǰʵд˵֮ɫ
ϵҲͬΧ˹ȥϽǴŨŨĵǡ
ȻԽɱƾɱʵֲ̫ɲǲġ
û£
ҡҡͷĿԶӰӰԪҼԪɷ硢ҼԪҼʢϹٽ˲ڳ
ôˣϹٽĸأüͷ΢壬ϹٽһԼӹȴûڳҪĿ꣬Ϲٽ
ǰЩ˼˵ԣǸϹٽǼ̫ƻˣǴ֮£ʹһıӵˣӹֱӳźĻȺȥԸǧֻޣҲԸץסǵĻдٴγ֣˺ŷӵܣû׷ȥ
⡭ӹ޷õĹżеı϶취뿪ĹżȻ󷵻ǧǶԸŷҡŷѩ¶֮ɫŷֻŷȾһλ߽ʦͲǻӹĶ֣һӹҵ˳뿪ĹżȻԸŷҡ
ŷѩĻŷŷˣϽǸֳɫʡ
ŷ˵в񣬵ǵȴŷңûӹصǧǣԻӹǵԹޣŷ˵Ȼһѡ
뿵ϵҲüͷʱǸ֪ȥ¡
᳤λĹż֮ͲҪˣھ͸ϿҵڣǰǧǣȻ󱣻ŷˡǳȥͲٵ᳤ֱֻǰǡʩԵ˵
᳤ʩĻӹһĨ֮ɫ˵뻯ǱȴڻĹżҪˣûжֱӵͷǣС㡣
˵᳤꣬תԭȻӹķٱȥ
ԣ᳤ϻȥֻϣ᳤ܱȻӹҵڵִǧˡʩų˵
̾һҲֻˣ
֣ôáΪûץסӹˣΣһŭԪɷˡ
ĿصԪɷϣ˵֮ǰҪأҪˣȻǲŹǵľȫϣӵȺȥɡ
ԵƳһ۲ԶڶսѪȳ棬ޱ顣
ԣҲȫǿű˵İæץסǣȻĻƾʲôԣԪɷԶǵĴãжʱӿŨŨĿ־壬
ˣбµĻȥû˸̣ϴǿѹңûκԥҪأΪ˳ְңȴǲܶҳ֡ҿѵͬѹ㣬ΪҾͻ𣿸ɣ
ݡ
ųԱ£һƿս˲գֱӶʺ
¡
ԪɷŨŨĿ־֮ɫʵصء
ͨͨ
óԾȻ˹ϣûǰ׵һɱԪɷ磬ʢԪ϶ʱֳ־壬عڳǰɣҪ㲻ɱǣԸΪţԺȫϵɽ͹ҲԲգһ۾
ԱĿӶɨûκβܹΪϵɽ͹գһ۾ģֵֻܣҿɲΪܹҲҪţģҳֻҪֵܣ֣ǵĵˣӵȺȥ
ϣ
ԵĻһ󼤰ûжֱǰƽ˵ĵȥ·ֻСһȺֱ˳ȥ
𡭡
ʢԪ뵽Ⱥ󣬺ܿͱ޸û
֣ǽô죿Ҹطһ£ֱӸĿĵأԸղŵĻ󣬲ǿϻʩҹж쳣𶯣ϳԷŶԸ޵һ֣ڲ֪䣬ѾԵĹǡ
ǰʵϼ⣬ʱл޳û˵һͣϻޣҽǻǼٸ·ɣ˵Ѿ˸ϵĿĵˡ
Ȼϵ˶ԵĹǣ˵֮䣬Ȼǲʹʽѯյľϡ
ϵȻǲ泽Ե˼Ȼ˵ȸ·ǲ˵ʲôԭ򣬿һȺ˶ǲ顣
£˱ٶȼӿٶȣϼ𴦿ٱȥ

ϼ⣬ֱĲʺ˽סһ
Ȼʱϼ֮£ȴûȥƬϼ⡣
ϼ֮£վ˽ӰЩϴ󲿷ֶڣϢңȥ˲ˡ
Ϣǿ֮ɫҲͬÿȥ
ִֿȥֻվǰӰͬտʼһ㵭ĮƽϢҲȶʵ
⡢Լտˡ
ʱ˵ĿǶǰǸϵƬĿĵнʱʱһֱǰȴûһǰ
û˰ֻ޵ӰӡǰҲʲôɽ𺣣û˸е־ĶֻһƬͷռ䡣


207 ȹ
ˣ
ռ俴ȥǺܰ꣬ʱʱһЩ촫˸еΪ졣
վռǰߣر𰲾
һΣǲտʼ뵽Ĺżһֱӳϼ𴦳ȥǰ嶯վռ֮ǰƬռ䡣
֮ǰһγ嶯ԭȵĶʮʦʣⲻһЩûܸϵ˵صʮʦһЩɢģ󲿷ֶ˻޵צ֮¡
ռıϣܿƬռкֻܹõһЩзռܣҲûκεӿƬͬ˸ܲκϢͷ·ͨŨһ㡣
ȻԽȺ߾ԽӲֱӽ룬»ܵͬǰһĿֲ
֣ڴô죿۲죬ֱӽռ䣿۲ϰ죬ȴûܿʲô̲סѯһԵĽ
ҡͷƬռʵ̫죬ҲóȻȥȼ鿴һɡͷҲֱֻӽȥˡ
չأҲ۲𣿡տʵ
տĿ⵭Įռ䣬ȻǼ鿴һ£ƬĹżʵ̫죬ֶ֣Ƭռ俴ѰҵֱңһƬռ䣬ǣ൱Σա
Ȼտ˵ֱͽ˵ɫǱһ
֮ǰĴ޶˵ɲ˺һ˿Σն㲻ãռտȴ˵൱Σա
ô˵Ѱ߽룬ǲΣգ
ȻҲֻǼ۲Ƭˡεҡҡͷͻտֱӽ룬ӲˣȻԸʵǿᣬҲ֪֮ԼȲϽտˡ
ˣ˵ǸԵ˺ͿǣʲôʱܸϵǶִʮˣǾȻûֿӣɿطɵһ
տĿ΢۲ռ䡣
һ˿ӡ󣬵Ҳֻһ˿ѣԸ⽫ʱ˷ڳϣȫǲͬεˣ³뿵ߵýֵƣҲû̫ڷ
տ飬һЦֻýĿͶʵ֣أǸǿϵֵܣϿ˵Ҫ֮ڳԽİ
ǺǣڳԽңҷеˣϾҸʦϵҲǲǸԡ
ԺиֳԵӰҡҡͷȻ뿵ߵýֵƣҲܹܵԪ⣬ƺ幦ҸоƺеڳˣӦû˾ԪͬһΣͲǾʦɾͣҲ൱ޡ
һ仰ֱ϶˳ԵĽɾ͡
ҲˣԷ
ҲãԽɾͻ൱ޣǲ֪ܲڶʮ֮ǰﵽŽʦܹڶʮ֮ǰﵽŽʦ˵ʮİٳѡΣҲȥˡ
ǺǣǶʮˣ̸۵ʲô壬Ǽоռɡҡҡͷ˵ڳϹ˷ѿˮʱ䡣
ʼ磬û˵ʲôҲΪģŽ⳶ԵϣϾô˵Ҳǿϵֵܣ˵һİˣŻôȤ
һεۣ֮Ҳἰԡ
ͬһ·˼һ̫ܲӡ
ݡ
ʱڵԶ˸ڵٶȼ죬رǾҵƿٶȣǰ˽ĿͶעȥ
˵ٶȺÿ죬ѾҲˣ˭ѵиֽĹż𣿡˵ٶȣжʱ֮ɫû뵽Ĺż˳Ȼбĸִڡ
ĻտˣҲǽĿͶ˹ȥ
ڵѸٷŴػӰϹٽϹһϹٺˡ
ôˣ˵ٶôô죿üͷ
ΪǽϵƤѥƤѥһıٶȣһԵĶΪ˵õƤѥҲǻ˲СĴۡտһ۾Ϳأ˵仰ٶջĿ⣬ǰռ䡣
ڿͬʱҲռзеĽԼ켣
Ļüͷȴøˣⲻ˵ȻƤѥôҪΪҪʹõѵΪ˴Ļ޷ѣ
ӦɣϾǵΪһ߽ʦһ˽ʦŽʦûﵽϻи׸һֻȸ߽ʦĻ޾סҲ൱ΣգֻʹƤѥˡͷͬ
ҡͷЦƤѥȻĻοҲǸϲˡ
һߣԭڷżʶϹٽֳٶȺжʱ¶ɻ֮ɫ˺ǧǵĳĵܵŮҼǵʵ΢ϹٽҲͰ˽ʦôٶȻô죿ٶȱһҪϺܶడ
û´ĻӦǹ鹦ϵǼһƤѥƤѥٶȣʱ䱬µٶԭһŽ۷ʦϸϹٽˣĿһæ͵
ȻֺöŽ۷ʦĽǣԭжʱɢĹ󣬡ܹõֱʵ϶ߣʱٸһȫ԰ѳԺͿϵˣȫɻܡ
Ž۷ʦҲΪ˷ܣֱ˵ʵܹõǰҲ൱֮󣬵̽ԵʵҪҪȥûƤѥ
ԭЦһͲҪʣֱȥˣûҲҪŪеĻ͸ãȫԺʲô鷳ǰǡ
˵ţԭǴߵϹٽǰʵǧǵĳϹٽɣǱ俤һŵԭ죬ҿϵƤѥһ˫ңԺҪʲô鷳ܸңΪ飬ҿ԰һæ
ۡһﻹǹ׳յģôļƷԭթϹٽһټƤѥʱ̲סЦ
Ҳ΢΢һЦûȥᣬǽĿǰռ䡣
ΧˣҲֵÿֻ֣ϹٽĿ⣬ǴЩ
ԭţǾǲҲҪһƤˡ
лܹС⣬ƤѥܹҲֻ˫ոѾȫʹˡϹٽɫЩѿո˳Եϣû뵽òӵĿĵأȻֱŵ˸ˣǱ
ʲô㾹ȻƭңдƤѥȻһ˫᲻øңǿԭ죬Űɣԭʱɴ۾ŭϹٽ
ϹٽˣƤѥҵȷżȻãʱܹҲֻ˫ǰʹùһ˫ʣµ˫Ǹոõġ


208 նɱϹ
Ǻǣû뵽㶼ҷﰡֻѻóԭȰûǽƤѥȫңȻĻţҲûȥʹˡ
ϹŭһҴ˵ûоûУ㲻ҪΪԼŵȫǷб㵽ӿһǰȥ
ʲôҲǰ졣
ž
ԭһӰֱһƽϹƳ鷭ڵأֱϹٽҪƤѥǿ㣬㲻Ҫ֪ô㽻ƤѥǻһЩôĻֻȥԼˡ
Դ˵ǿƱȣϹٽȴ˵һ仰һ
ŨŨıɱ⡣
֣ܶǰţͲܶԿ
Ȼ뽫ЩŸԼᣬǾɱɡԭϹٽþòԼҲų̂£ǲͷػӻ֣ȥȡ
ǣ
Ž۷ʦԣڳŨŨɱ⣬ֱӶϹٽһѹȶȥ
Ⱥ쵰
Ϲٽ˱ȭͷø֨죬ȻֻҪԷһ֣ƴҲҪڶԷϺݺҧһڡ
˭˭˭ϹٽԤ˵ģǲҪ˷ʱˣ˿ɡ˫ۿžҪ֮ʣԶȻһЦ֮
˱ǼʮӰѸٳ߼ǰһӰȻǷ˼ĳԡ
סǲǳ𣿳ԾȻȻ£ĻడһȺҾȻûм˵ġ
̫ƽˣΪʲôĻ޾ô࣬һôģǾĻޣŷȺʦûˡ
Ҳ˵ûϹٽλ˽ʦҲǷǳǱ𣿻ȥߣڶûһء
ռǰڶ߼Ե˰Ȼ֣иеȲƽϵطɧ
ԣ㲻Ҫ£û㣬㲻ҪΪʲôֶΣͿԲҷ˭ûôԭԸͲɵַŭǰԿֶνѵҲ̫ţǲ̲סڵӵı֮С
Բûеһʱԭ죬ҲûȥϹٽˣڸϵռ֮ǰǹ۲˼ռ䣬üͷ΢΢
Ƭռ䣬Щذ
Բδ룬ǽĿͶտˣȴǷ֣˶ĵûпһۡ
ˣ
ӣҲΣԷʱȷʸ񡣲ţ״̫ãöԷۿ
ϹٽֶεǲΪӶãٺ٣ԸǣǺ·һЩСֶΣοҪҰԲԭ죬ֱӽĿϹٽ
뵽ŷӵܲ޴Σ˲أҲǲͱɱƸ˺ŷѩ䲻סȵϹٽĳղˣɲлߡ
ԭϹٽʹƤѥΪӱܻޣӱܳǣƺ֮䷢˲Сĳͻ֪һγԻôŻ᲻֡
ΧŷѩĻ󣬽ȻǽĿԭ죬ƺڵȴһϷݡ
ԭ첢û˵Ŀ⣬ڲϹٽ֮ȷŲСìܺǲٹٻϹٽ¡
㲻ҪõҵϵƤѥҵȻûƤѥǳȴż˫õǽλĹż֮УֻҪǰһǧǳǱǿԽ⼸˫Ƥѥ㣬㿴ΣϹٺͻȻߵԭǰεε˵
Ϲٽɫ΢䡣
ϹٺЦһϹٽĻ㲻Ҫ᲻ãǼ׿ٶȵƤѥ
Ǻǣ˫ƤѥȻ󣬵ҲʹģҪͨ⼸˫ƤѥҰǶԸԣе㲻ʵԭȻõϹٽϵƤѥΪƤѥȥ볽ԣΪԸġ
Ǽ˫ƤѥȻڳУȻĹż֮н󣬱ǰѰˡʱ֣ߣ϶ԽƤѥѳ
Ӵ˵ģǿǳãôʹԸءȻԭиմ֮ʱϹٺȴֱпǰһɴ̱ǵ֬ζǴԭǿ
˫Ƥѥȷǲ󣬵Ƥѥķأ֪費Ҫ
ԭʶؾ뽫ϹٺƿϹٺһ仰ȴ̲סͣϵĶڴƬ̺˲ӿֳϲɫⶫ
ѵΪһƭƭģҽϵƤѥǴӺζأżȻõҲһӾܵõü˫ɣ
ϹٺЦ˵ͬʱҲͬ޻һԭϡ
ȻˣԺϹټңˡԭЦԵóޱȡ
󵽣һԼƤѥطʦŵӵۺʵȻõһԾԵ
ʱŵĵλ϶ѸٳλΪһ̳˵Ĳѡ
ԣϹټŵˣǰʲôԹԹģʹһʹˣ˵ⷬĲҸˣšԭֱӳԣ޿֡
֪Բ˵ţԾ㵨ٴҲٶԸϹٽ˰ɣ
Ȼ˵ⷬȴǼԵɫû̫ı仯һ
ڳԵԣʩҹ˽档
һȺ˵ϣһɱ͸¶š
ԣʲôĿŵԸҵĻǾǶԸţʱŶȲ㡣ԭɫѿ˵˵֮ʱĽŲ̲סһڵӣǰһԭ챣м䡣
пԭ컳ϹٺŲԶϹٽһ
ȥ
ϹٽûԥϹٽæܵԭ
ڽĹż֮ǰϹٽŲǳĳԹҲҪأÿζܵ֡ڽĹżǽ޵ҪǣΪеͣͳ˻޵вͣͷʣ˵Ĺ𣿡Բԭ죬ǲǰ
ĳޣϹٽȷɱɱ֪Ժ󻹻ʲôԡ
ϧϹٽڱűӻԭ˵ţԻҪԣԺ׷ҲѱϾǹغɵ⡣
ٺ١˵ڽĹż֮ǰԳԭӵǲ֪ǲڴŵΪԻ𣿡
ΧԵĻ̲ס˶ΪԸеϧϹٽ˱űӻһ˻治ٶǶ֡
ٶǶ֣ɾǵڴŵ


209 ˣ
ԭ쵭ˣϹٽǰȻҪɱ㣬ڲȱûȱ첲ȵġϹٽҿԱ֤Ժ󲻻ٶ㶯֣֮ĶԹҲ˽ᣬҲǸһӣ㿴Σ
ΪܹõϹٽƤѥطԭֻ΢򳽻Э
ӣҸǺ𣿡Ƴһԭ죬ҡҡͷڻɱʱ򰡡
ԣ㲻Ҫ̫ϹٽűˣɱҲҪס֣
ԭ챻仰òᣬҧ볽Эû뵽˿飬еΪûӡ
ҳҪɱˣ˵ţҲˣ
ϡ
齣ȻʣгɱϢ

ԭɫһ䣬æͬʱԼΣҲ̲סٶһ³ԻϴһͻȻ֡
£
Ž۷ʦճ֣ʩԶҲͬʱ֣һŽ۷ʦˡ
ɱ
ԼϹٽ󣬴һֱӶ뵽ռ䣬ա
һ̣ԵαǴ˵أϹٽǰһ׿⡣
ݡ
齣ķâգֱӴϹٽʺٶޱȣϹٽΪﵽ˰˽۷ʦֻһͻƵŽʦȻǱòᡣ
ϹٽϾǼʶֶΣڳԶ֮ǰйڳԸոնʱʮ׼ȻԵٶʵе壬Ȼƽⷽ
ȣ
ϹٽһһץסվԵϹƣֱԼǰͬһѸٺˡ
磬㡭ϹƷһֵĽ
ͣ
齣ֱӴϹƵʺдѪɽ
ͨ
ϹƵŨŨĲ벻ʣź浹ȥ
ԣҵţϹٽһὫʬΡ
ݣ
Ϲٽڶ˳һ֮һ֮£ֱӽռ䣡
ϹٽҲ̫ݶˣΪ˱ȫԼϧԼܵܵǰడԵ˼ϹٽϹƸԼжǸֳһĨ𶯣ֶΣν൱
ϹٽԼ˺ԼҲ൱֪ڳϻˣȻֱӽռ䡣ռ̫δ֪Σգ˶̤룬Ϲٽçײسȥп̤֮ءҲ˵
֣ǸŮҪҪɱߵǰϹٺ˵
ϹٺڼԼĸΪԼץ嵲ԵһûԹϹٽһжǳһɣڳԵĺﵽ˶㡣
ڱûбֳһ˿һ˵ԼϹٺɫ΢䣬æԭֵҪңұɱˣƼƤѥطɾҪӴʧˡ
ģҲɱġԭͷӦȴǼΪոҲ˵ҪϹٽգ֮ɱϹٽĵܵϹƣϹٽҲǱԸռ䣬Ϻݺݵ˦һơ
ԭĵľǣͻȻʩչ˲һֶΣڵԣϹٽѾռ䣬ŮϹٺƺγɲвɣѵҲɱһŮӡ
ŮӣĵŮŮӣ¼еŮ˶Ůˡŷѩ뿵ϽЦһϡǵϴ̻̻ϹٺҪóصĺֶΡ
ˣŮҲȥɱ
԰˰֣ҲδҪɱϹٺΪϹٺγɲвɱϹٺŮˣ֡
ԵĻϺŷѩҡͷǶԵӣȻ˵˲ɱ϶ͲٶϹٺ֡
ŮˣԺڵ㣬ȻĻ㳽ԲԸɱ㣬ҶҪ˽㡣϶ϹٺɭȻ˵
ǳɱϹٺԭ챣϶Ȼվԭš
㳽һηŹϹٺ϶᳹׷ŹһԺʲôСϾԻһʱ
Ϲٺͷ볽Ե˶ӣȴӿһѹŵɱ⣬ǺҶ壬ֱҸ׽ռ䣬δǻϣҲ鷳ֱǿЦֻҪһлᣬһܡ
ԣô죿ҪҪռ䣿һʵ
Զǰҡҡͷȹ۲һɡ
տ˶Ը̤Ƭռ䣬ԻҪŷôӵܣȻǸҪСĽ
ã
ϵӦվһԿʼϢŷڶӵҲϢռеİտ˶Ǹȥ
Ҳû˵΢ǰϸϸ鿴ǰĲ
ЩͨΨһǸŨˮȴǼ٣ͨվԱߣܹܵһɳʪζ
ռ֮Уʱʱᴫ죬ײ
һʱ֮ȴȻ
ˡ
տվռ֮ǰԴӳԳֺ󣬲ܳԭţɱϹƱƵϹٽռ䣬鶼û˿ĲʱռеĶеĽԼ켣
ƬռͷƺŴ򶷷֮ԺȻһȷĵ
򶷣ԣǴ򶷣ʩչ
Ȼ仰տڴ˲󣬱عӹһȻһõ⣬Ѱһ˿𰸵㼣ӿ˷֮ɫ
Ȼ
տĿ̲סŷȥȴǿšüͷǰռ䣬һģȥһζ
һҿϰ춼ûܿû뵽ŸոյִﲻƬ̹򣬾Ϳ˳Ҳ֪ǲΪտٶȿ˳ۣҡҡͷӦñеģȻʵôܿóһ㣬ˣ¶û뵽ⷽ
̽һ£ռоʲôûö೤ʱͷռеһЩߣ̽ʱ̫̣һʱҲ̫ȷֻ÷
һεԳ崦ɢ쵽ռ䡣
סˣռƺһĿռ䣬ʹ÷֮Ҳǲ̽ˣΨһķֱֻӽȥ֪ˡЩε˵
÷⻰ҲΡ
ȻʱվԲԶĻտͻȻعͷеߡ
ǱտЩĪҲ÷ʡ
ǵӣȴ𽥵Ϊǿտռ棬ƺǿ˵㶫
ȻտڳƬ̺ǿ˵û´ĻӦһƬĿռ䣬Ÿ֮ЧֱͨǰֻҪһ·ǰͿ߳Ƭռ䣬뵽ǰĿռ䡣ߴҵǣƬռĲϵֱֹӽĻ൱Σա˵ǣңܻڴ˴


210 ռ
ռ䣿ϵֹտĻüͷϵ˷ܷ·һˮֱӶס
ջտô˵һռ䣬ҪһϵвϵĹ
ĻǽȥΪ
տܻƭǣ˵Ļ϶ģô죬ѵǵĻĹż֮УҪҪֹڴ𣿡
ϽӿֳŨŨĲ֮ɫ
ܹʦ磬ǰ׳գǶǳҪڻĹżеõ϶ҪԼΣգֱܻǶʧ
ˣȻðΣǰԭӿĹżΪģܹѰñͷء
£տȻǣǰģһ൱ԽҪ˵ռ䡣
Ƭռȫǹôܣ¼ôصĿռ䣿ҲввʣŻտ˵Ļ
϶ƭǣǲռ䣬ʱջô˿ڣȻи塣
տûȥЩˣǵĻǽĿƿȥ
֣˵Ǽ٣ʩҹʵ
ûҪƭǣĻ϶ġҡǰռ䣬Ҳˣռ֮УȷŴ⹥óȻȥ൱Σա
ʩҹ˶üͷȻģ
Ƭ̺ŷ忪ڵԣҪǽȥɣҴŷҵӵܴУָ鷳
תŷӵܣʱŷӵܵϣŨŨĲġǺòûʶĹżеıҪʹֹмΪ
Ϊ˲鷳ǻǾŷĻ档
ҡͷһЦҲض룬ȻͬǽĹż϶ǰ;ϡһ·ϣǹˡ
һ·ϣǹˣ
򵥵һ仰ȴʹŷӵȭͷ˸Īĸм
Ϊ֪ԴδҪǣ
ŷŷѩ϶Ǹֳм֮ɫŷųԵԣҿ˰ɣϾʵ̫ΣˡȻĹż֮нͬҸط
ŷӵŷĻҲǻعЦʵʵ̫ƾһѪռ䣬ЧԴ޴鷳
鷳֮ǰǧͷɱһ㣬пܻóΣС
ֶܹεֵסɱеռȴտ̤ĵطóԴǽȥðգ
ҷİɣҼȻ˵Ҫһռ䣬Ȼ㹻İաЦŽ͵
ȻаգǴҾͲٶˣڻץʱ佫״̬۷壬׼ʱӦΣաŷѩ֪Բûյ£˿̼Բû̫£ҲóԹͣӶʱ䡣
ŷӵԣصͷǿʼ״̬
չȻһƬ̲ǧĿռ䣬᲻ȥðһԣһ̤ȥֻһ·ǰ˰һѯʵ
տһЦͲӦҵģѵǲǺһ𣿺ǺǡȻѡ·ȻǲΪһδ֪Σգͣ½Ųǰ
չ˵òһ;£δ֪Σպ֮࣬ǲͬҪһ·ȥΣҲһܹסǵĽŲǾʹֹ˵ǵһ;ҲҪսڴˡҲǹЦһλҾһˣףǺˣ
ݡ
£ֱӳ뵽ռ䡣
Ҳȥˡ
տ΢΢һЦͬǰռ䡣
ǹϣҲųǵδ֪ΣҴû¹ƲƲ죬æ˽ȥ
˻𼱻ǵسռ䣬ɫ΢΢ãĿռ䡣
ΣҲҪƴˣһһнʦһ󲻹һеسǰռȥ
ԣͲһ˳ҲҪƴһΡ
ˣ˵ƭأǲϹȥ˵ôǸˡ
һڴ֮£ǳռ䡣
ߣڶ̶̲ʱ䣬ȫӵؽ뵽ռС
Ψߣź
λĹż֮УǻΪҵźҲû취Ҽﻹ޶иʲôʧɾͿҼ˰
ҺһҸĸҪȥչˣδ֪ΣգҾ룬Ҳȥ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ֮䣬ЩҲεתȥϳ˿ɬźζ
û೤ʱ䣬ռ֮ǰʣŵһȺԼԵˡ
ԣֱӽռ𣿡ѯʵ
ռ䣬΢΢Щ꣬ЩðΣռ䣬Ϊܹһ;ߵøԶҲδ룬ϵʻҡͷһװĿռָŷҵӵΪǽռָռӦǳ
˵ţԵϣһѪɫĿռָǰɱϹٻ󣬴Ϲٻȡġ
ǸռָǳġУվԭԵϹٺһȡռָʱָųԼе
ԵƳһϹٺָǰȷǳģҳˣҪԵȡ
㡭
ʲô㣬û㶯Ƥ˰ɣԳϹٺ¶ƤˣҲúðµسһ١
ԭüͷˣһװ˵ĿռָҲв٣Ժлһǡ
ԭĻϹٺѹ˵ԺлᣬһҪɱ˳ԣҵļˣǱġ
ģԺ˻ᣬһŹġԭڳͬǺ֮ǣһ۳ԵˣԭǰռҲռɣôﶼҽռ䣬һȺŽʦʲô
ǣһŽ۷ʦͷ󱣻ԭ쳯ռȥ
ۼԭһȺҲռ䣬ԻعͷŷӵܵڶҪҽ뵽ռָУռҵ˰ȫĵطٰǸų
ŷӵܽǵͷ΢΢ͷֱӽŷڶӵ뵽˿ռָ
ŷҵӵܣҲǽΪԽʩҹͿ϶ˣҲװ˿ռָС
ŷѩ費ҪռָʱŷѩȴǾܾ
öռָȻûͨĿռָռ󣬵װʮ˻ǿװµġ
һȥɡԽŷӵȫװ˿ռָУŷѩߵ˵
ãԵͷҪŷѩ̤ռ䡣
ȻǰŲŸͱʩסǸмɣϿʮʩҲУҿɲǰ档
˵ţʩ̤ռ䡣


211 
ʩһҲǺܷģҸȥˡǧЦһŻĹȵ˽ȥ
߰ɣ
εҡͷһЦŷѩһ̤
Եȫϡ
ˣռ֮ǰްӰޱȵذ

Ȼְδ̫ʱ䣬һ΢ķͻȻ𣬴һɭĺ
֮ϣۡ
ƺܿ۳ΪƬƶ䣬Ƭƶһһңȥһ˫ӣƬռ䡣
þûѪζˣû뵽ʱ꣬ҾȻԳѪζϧЩѪʵ̫ϡˡ
Ȼ䣬ƶ֮УһаĿЦЩ˵УȻϤζһƺǾ壬һǴ֮һܷŹܷ񳹵ڴһˡһϤϢô᲻ϢôҸе־壿ƶĵطƺûʲôҸе־尡
˵仰ͣ£ƺ˼ʲô
ιȥûٷ
ְδ̫ãٶȴ˳аˣЩСϣͲܶγɵвʱץоһ±ɡסƺܵұӡŵĵطȥˣħȻһħ壿ÿԽҵĴУҵĴ˰Ҳ
̶аЦԶȥ¹ݵĻصʴĺƣȻҲɢȴȴ޷ȫɢȥƮܣԶĴƬҰȾڡ
ħ죡
¡¡
Ըս뵽ռ䣬ûü鿴ѣǲһǿ

ԸҪ֣ȴᵽǰһӿǼһϤӰǰӹǵĹ
³Խᴥܵ˺غһԵʩ
лˣ
Գʩ΢΢һЦô
ʱʱΣһƬŨ֣ΪŨԲ֪Ƭ־жֻܿ巽Բ׵ķΧԶȥͱ൱ģˡ
ݡ
ո£ĹĿһתγɵĹ
֮Уܹܵһζ
֮̽䣬ԵľҲǼٵת
ˣ
һֵĽ࣬ɴӳԵԺð
ǰտӦþɣû´ֹƺһֹγɡĿֱǰ⹥Ȼɵγɣȴһζ
еζȫͬ

ȭ׵ؽֻѰʦĹȥ
ΧƺһȺˣҲûз˵ټҲǺֻ֪ܻ᲻ϳָȵĹոǽʱһһǿȾŽʦĹʩ˵Լ˽˵˳
ȾŽʦĹüͷ΢壬ֹǴ֣ô˵ɲһϢʵû°ɣ
һѰľŽʦ˲ҡʩ΢΢ҡͷĵȴһŵĹȻϣԲڼʱͻһҵǣĹǺܴ󡣡
ԣĿȥȻǼΧʱʱһӹ󲿷ǽֻȳʦĹż֮䣬ǻĹһǹֱӽһŴľм
ݡ
Ȼ䣬ڳԵıһĹеԪʱһȦȦһּΪĸоǺǿǿѰʦĹ֮Уȴóͫ΢΢һ
Ϊ֣ȻǿȴһԪ۷Ľɣƺ齣Щơ
⵽һʲôطвҲ
ݣ
ϻûйĳɣ齣ֱӴ̳ȥ
͡
ȻƵ֮ʱȴǾط֣ǰĿռ·΢ը𣬶ռеԪޱȣó޷һʱտеĴԪڵԪܵһʱõ䣬״̬޷ѡ
״̬ԴʱĳȻްȻԵͫףȴǵһʱ𣬶ǰգĿⲻͣãʱԻʱȻһԵŷѩ˴Ϊǡ
ôˣʩҲͬ൱ǣæǰ
ŷѩҡҡͷҲǺڻƵղǵ󣬾ˣʲô
붫˸ɻ
ʱǧ۳ԣͻȻҲõģڸղŵĹУӦʲôڵȷ˼
ӹ˶һɫ΢䣬ǵ϶Ǹֳϲ֮ɫ
ǸոսҪٸֹҪʱĹԵãһûþ˺öЩεҡͷǳϲɫ
˶ʵ϶Ҳ⿴ġ
ʩҶ￴ˣСķܵĹǧҪЩ˺ԡ
ԣԺǧĵ˽ǵͷγһȦӣΧ
ݡ
֮󣬳Ǵ״̬˳˳״̬󣬲ûеһʱ˴кһ̳齣գǰ̶ֱ
һ
ʩչĽȻԴĹһ
ȴǲ֪ʱܣѾվˣûһȱһ̳һĽֱǰһӰ

ԣڸʲô
Ӱæֵ£󷢳һΪյĽԡ

ҲǱԵ׾ѣæǰǼһضԼɫȴơ
һڱǰҪ˲ٰ
ܹظܵղʩչĹһȻûǿе֮УȴǳɱԿóΪ˵ֵһҲǱŪΪǱ
ոһʱûע⣬붫̫ˣĪҪְæϴ
ŷѩʩҲǸܵ˳ԷŵĹǲ֪ǵŪǱŷѩЦԸ磬㲻ҪֳԣҲ̫ˣԲŻ
ƲƲ죬ѩӵķϣҾͲƽˡ˵ʵոǵеڲͬһͷμ׹ģ
Цһ׽СһԴİɣղʩչһǵ㸽ЧҸոġ
ʲôԴĹ
ԵĻȫ˭һӣŷѩҲ֪ԾȻԴ
رԣϸǲŨŨ𾪣ţǳܹԴģΪǴﵽ˵ʦ磬ڵʦµߣܹģһ츳֮


212 ȫ״ˣ
ղظܵ˳Դ׹󣬵£еΪ졣׹϶ǴﵽԪ۷Ρ
ģȻԼѹִֿ¶ôͬˡԸ̾ŵ
ŷҲҡͷܴ̾ɾͱضǲ
ŷѩʩˣһĸˣǵ۵ף˸һĨ֮ɫ
һ츳¾ӿϾѰѾԬϹȻĻǴˣԬһõ²̳ˣǧѰǧĶųԣĿ
ڶԳԵ츳ԽԽˡ
ӿһУ츳볽Աȼģ¶ᳬ
ҲҪôˣʵܹ׹ҪԭΪոǵĹ൱⣬ȫɸֹγɣղҲǴ֮Уһ˿ҵ׹һơЦ˵˵棬ȴǱ֣
Դ˷ԵƺҲ뵽еĹؼһӿһɷϲɫ˵⹥и򵽵ĶȻԼĹ

ô˵ڳЩ֮ʱҲԸеȻԼĶ
Ȼԣ

óԵĻش˶ǳһ˸ŨŨļ֮ɫ
ǺȻãƬռƺʲôΣ֮أһأ
Ļʵ϶ҲԵõȵˡ
ԵĻϲΪͣھŽ۷ʦѾʱ䣬˷ǰĹżҪӿϵǲ⣬Ҳ˴λᣬͻƵʦ硣
ԣǧĵֵͬظˣǽĹżΪܹΪÿһͻƵʦ
ĹȻƵ̫ȻżϴĹЩŽʦڣҲ޴󰭣ھͽϺʩԼŷӵǽгһͬӦĹҲЩջ񡣡
˵ţָϵĿռָâʮӰǳƬռ䡣
֣ռ𣿡ϵһ֣ʶشΧΣǷԼڳĿռɫʱ΢΢ãŵĽ뵣ǡ
ȻΪռһΣڵĵطȻǽ뵽ռ䣬ôʱٸĹ
ʱȻܵΧĿռΪңĹݺӡ
طһСľͼпܻ
ڵȷǴռ䣬ǲصģȻҽǸ˳ͱʾںܰȫԴЦһ⵽ϵ˴ʱľҸǣռȻЩΣգΣղ󣬶ҸģǺô
ô֣㶺أطĺôɱ˵ʲôˮذҿɲ뱻طʩҹŷԲŨƲ˵
ȴü۲ܣ֪Կ϶ƭȻ˵Ǹõطǿ϶Եĺôֻһʱ仹û֡
Խŵȥȥȥ㻹ΪԻƭ㲻ɣոǿɶۿʵҲָԼʵܹõء
ʵɻĿ⻷ܣĿⶨΧХĹϡ
Ƭ̣۾ȻһûĻӦЩɣЩȻ󣬵ȴ̺ĳЩϸȥоᣬ˵ԼĶ֪˵ĶԲԣ

ÿϵĻشԵ˶ʱŴͣһľ㵡
⿵ϣȻһ˵׼ˡ
Ҹովһ֮УһЩȻںϵԼĽСǿȻһӾ˵ˡЦŵͷ
ҡͷ̾ͱ˵ִôˣܹһʱͽΪһʦĽʦģŶǾ޽Уܹ³Ҳ㲻ʲôϡ档Ҳ㲻ǴһĹ𣿡
Ȼ
ԵͷҲȫȷԼĲ룬ϣͬŨŨ˷֮ɫЩɹĹȻϣôҲǿȥоһЩԼĶ
ţ칦
˷֮ʱϵԺͻȻոԵĺ仰æԣʵղ˵Դ
Եǰո׿ڸǵģҲѾʶ׹ˣ൱ҿȷ׹ٴﵽԪ۷弶𡣡
־ȻԴһȻضųԣԲû˵ĬϣɵҡͷЦ֣ҺÿడǰһΪҵ츳ܹϵ㣬û뵽ȻԴԪ۷幦ҿӿһУ츳û˿Ըϵˡ
ҡͷֵҲֻżȻѣ˵츳
ǰܹ˵Ҳɷ֣Ȼⲻܷ츳츳ҲٶſǱ˽֪ڸոͻƵһʦ󣬽һʱ䣬ִһʦĽʦҼǵõҴһʦͻƵĽʦʱ䰡
Ȼ˵ʱ䡱ԵЩԺ뽾ӿУһ᲻ʱȣʱ֮£Ҳ˲ٵĹɡ
һʦͻƵĽʦһܹ֮ڣһʦͻƵĽʦ츳ӿ˵ϵȡ
ǿͻƣ츳ϵȣԡǧĺʩˣͻƵģϵȵ츳ʹӿһľ
ͻƣǳˣ⡢տˣھʹһʦĽʦ껹һμѻ˶ʮӿ˵¡
ǵμѻȴǰЩʱ䣬ŵһС͡˸ơ
ΪСֻͣһʱ䣬ΪʹһʦͻƵĽʦеΪ
⡢տʹһʦͻƵĽʦʹӿŵĵӸеΪѿ붪ΪžȻûһš
С͡ϵĳʹüˬһѣвĵλҲǸʱ춨ġ
㲻Ҫ˵һʱһʦͻƵĽʦˡԵİοȴʹÿϸеΪҵ츳ȻʦֵΪڳǰһ
ʲô˼Щ֪Ե˵ҳϳ츳ǲǰҲֻһʱ䣬ʹһʦͻƵĽʦڲŹ˲ʱ䣬ΪͻƣﵽʦʦͻƵĽʦõʱ仹̡˵ĽʦͻƵ߽ʦҲֻҪһʱأ츳ȫɱ⡢ͻտ˰


213 ˿ɱ
ɱ𣿡
̲ס˵Ҹɣڰ֮ǰͳʶʱΪһʦڵΪӦ֪ɣѾﵽĽʦˣһʱһʦͻƵĽʦֽ˰ʱʹﵽҵĳɾͣ˵ʸǰ̸츳𣿡
ôܣ
ÿϵĻʱŴͣµȺŽʦҲɫ𾪵ųԡ
ϸ鿴ϵϢ
Ľʦû
Ϣ൱ʵõҩҶѻģ
Ƕǳţǳ´һʦͻƵĽʦζʲô
ϢȥӿҪ𶯣ЩĴбȻᾡǰԼɡ
ֻ֣˰ʱ䣬ʹһʦͻƵĽʦֱֱضųԣ˵Щˡ
ͷɰ°ɣҲΪãôġ
ôܣôֻðʱʹһʦͻƵĽʦӿʷУƺûµõԵ׿ڳϣǲԸš
ǲţǲԸš
ʱֻʹһʦͻƵĽʦĽԺȫԴݻٵһͿء
ͻȻúۣۡ
Сջ
ˣԲðʱһʦͻƵĽʦġͻȻ
ǰ£
Զʱƺ滹è尡
˵ҿϢʵõҩѻģôֻһʱܴһʦͻƵĽʦأû´Ļƺһʦ׼ͣ˺ܳʱɣֻðʱ䣬ʹһʦ
ȵȡ
ϴԵĻ˷ۣЩԸص˵ҰǰʶԵʱȷһʦͻȻǰѩӸ˵Ļ˵һǰʶֵģֵʱΪ߽ߣ
߽ߣǰΪһʦһǰΪ߽ߣ
ʲôԵ˶೤ʱͻƵĽʦǰһʦΪһǰ߽ʦ
⵽ʲôʲôһ˰
ԵɵһȺŽʦؾ뾪ɡ
ѩӣ˵ĻǼٵģһ֮ǰֻһС߽ߣԶŷѩʵ
ŷѩޱȵؽԺͷһǰʶʱȷ߽ߡ
Ҳ֤һǰʶֵʱһ߽ߡʩҹҲǺٺٵЦ˱ٶȣҲֵÿԵ˵ķḻ顣
֣Ѿĵôģ㻹ٿ㲻ԵõȷϺ󣬱üץ
ҡͷһЦ˵Ϊòô죬ҿɲұ֤Ժ󻹻ô죡
ôܻôõԺ󣬺ߺߣģԺҲץģȥӣ볬ңһҪľ
Է˸ۣӺʲôϵ
ٺ١볬ңԺٺٵЦţĿȻһԵǧģüͷȻһ壬ΪȻ֣𾪳ٶ֮ʱǧĵ˵û̫仯ɵʵǧģǺͳҲʶ𣿡
ǧҡͷûаǺͳԲʶ˼ѡ
Ե̸۳ٶȣôһ㶼ֻ֣һʱ䣬ʹ߽ߣͻƵĽʦ˵ӿǬԪޣǾ޽а
Ӧ֪ǻĹȻŮ֮ƽʱҲٳȣǻĹȴóռĴ鱨ʶ֮Ҳռ˵Ϣ˵һǰȷ߽ߵΪֻһʱ䣬ͻƵĽߡ
ǧɨһ˵ɫҪҪԼռĹڳԵϢ˵
Լǧԥţ̲סеĥĥˣ㵹ǿ˵
ɱң
Ϊڻʲôܴҵ𣿡Է˷۵
ǧһռϲһ֮ǰΪ߽ߣͬһߣ
ߣһγϵ˶Ŵͣŷҵ˺ʩͨŷѩʩҹˣ֪һǰΪ߽ߣȴ֪һǰȻߡ
Ĺռ鱨û˻ɣ϶д
ǧļȻ˵һǰΪ߽ߣߣ˵һʱΪǴ߽ĽʦǴĽʦˡ
뵽һ㣬ŷѩʩˣǵһ
츳찡
ԣȫˣ
֪˳Ե¼󣬳֪ǧģȫ𾪣þ޷
һʱ䣬ΪʹߣĽʦȣӿǬԪǰ޹˵¼
һҶˡŷѩĸΣԺ
ס֣һٶô죬һǰôߣѯʵ
ѯʣҲǽĿ򳽻ԣҲʵǸеɻ
˵ôֲٶȣҲܲĽʦ
Цһǰδ̫˼棬ǲϵضԼоһǰоһʺԼţҲǿţҵΪŻôѸ١ܿϧţֻʺԼһˣȻҿ϶ǡ
Ҳǽһ룬Ȼǲܹӡ˵Ϊ֮Ѹ٣Ƕ齣ǰڵİҲһţڵİħԪΪ
ģǿŬʹ࣬幦֮ʹΪܹ
ԭˣҲһĺˡǧЦʱ򲻸겻嶯оԼ·̬һЩһĸǶ
гԼɣʺǣҲ˼Ѫɹ
Ц˵ܵˣҶˣڳԵ飬ǲй¶㣬һҷй¶ȥˣ㵽ĺǣҲὫ𣿡
ˣ
ҲǱ֪һȥһķ籩ǳٶȣжţ𼫴𶯡
Ҳ֪ԵŶǲôֳԿֺй¶¼飬Ȼǲȥɡ
ҪǿԼŬֻŬҿ̿ǵٶҲȥЦЦָŲԶʱֵĹ£ǾһԵܹЩУԼĶǽҲ洦


214 ССܰ
˵òǲܷŹһεĴԵҲ˵򳽻Ե֣ھôҷɢӦĴĹΣ
΢΢ͷӦ֮ʱŷӵܱҪһ߽ʦţȻĻԴĹ൱Σա˭ʲôҲҪһԻ
Ǳġϵͷһ˱ǿʼð
ŷѩһʵԣھֵ򹦷𣿲ҪȷѰҳ·
ԵͷǾ򹦷Ѱҷ飬ͽҰɡ
㣿ᾭǿĹŷѩǵ
ЦǺǣѵſ˲Ƶֶ𣿿ǸֶΣȾŽ۷ʦĹҶܹù
ŷѩüͷ΢壬䲻ʵ΢ЩһЩ㲻ĹǿɾΣˡ
һԱҪֵȾŽ۷ʦĹǵȷһΪΣյ飬Ҳѹŷѩ޷ġ
Ҫɣ㳽һȥѰҳ·ȷʲôΣգҲ԰ֵһ£ʡÿζҪȥռ乥ϣҲþʮְȫʩͻȻ˵ԳɣȻΪ˵仰ҲǾһġ
£ʩһԵŷѩ
ҡͷ뻹ǲ˰ɣҪ֡
ʩҲű㣬Ҳİ˵ˣŽʦʮʮһҲûʲôӰ찡
Ҫʩ߰ɣʵߣҲĵ㡣ŷѩҧҧ´仰ȴе㲻ζ
ͬʱҲһһҪúñԡ
٣ñŮԡ
ѩöˣѲҪΥ˼ʩЦһ
ðɣǽ鷳ˡƲƲӣŷѩҲĵ㣬ʲôⷢ
˵ţͻȻһͷʨǰŭ
аŭҵĻ飬﷢ʲô飬͸߰ŭŭϵңʲô£ҲðŭǡԽŭ£ʩ߰ɡ
ʩͷ볽Գǰһȥ
ԡ
ţ
עⰲȫ
֪ˣҲǡ
ŷѩ˺󣬳Աʩ˳ŶǰС
֮Իѡ񶫱ߣΪΪ߾ȷ򣬶ǷߵЩ죬ûκѡ£Żѡ񶫱״̽
ԣЩ㲻úһոտһдջŶʩЩɻʵ
һ·ͳҲٵĹȻԶЩȴûȥӲݵжⲻʩеɻ
ҡͷǱѩ򹦷ڼ䣬ץʱѰȷطЩܶͶ㣬Ҳʡ˷
֮ԲֵЩ򹦷һԭ⣬ΪʽΪû̫ķʽ
ŷѩЩ򣬾ΪϲõǶԹã϶࣬ʵа棬ҪǿΪ
ڹʱóһĹαǿԼȥ
Ǻǣ㵹ǲ⣬ܹЩǾͺˡʩҡͷһЦЦͣ£Ŀ΢΢һԵĳԵԣʩô
ʩңӦһʵͦļɡȻδӴʩңҲû˵ʩҵϢȻʩʣҲҪش
ڵһشʩҲǼʵô㲻˵һʵͦĹɣ
ȻᡭεͷһͦƯĹ
ʩĽ֮ϣʱֳʧͦƯ֪ˣԭҲ㲻öƯأѩӿ϶ҪƯˡ
Ҳ˼ôûѩƯأ
˼˵ѩûƯҾȥѩ˵

һͷغߣʩƽʱֵһû뵽ʱСŮһΣемܲסˣ㵱ȻǸѩһƯǸзˡ
ģûƭңʩסЦ˵
Ȼġ
˵˵ҸѩֱƯʩһȤʵ
ԵȻЩʱֵЩ䣬ʱ嵭Ⱦһƺණ̫ģ˵嵭ѩѩڼСãԸϲ浾
ϲ֣
ʩƺû̫ϸȥڳԻ䣬ֱʵ۰Ͱ͵ųԣһ
ҸϲЩ֮ɫԺѩ浾ݣʶؾ׼˵𰸣ʱԺһӿѸٻعҵȻֶϲŮ˭᲻ϲЩˣǻǼ򶫱߶ߵ·ɡ
˵꣬Բɵüӿ첽һ顣
һ㣬ͰѴ˵ˡ
ҲΪɻʩôͻȻֻˡ
Ѿ֪ˣʩųǰıӰ֮ϸֳһĨЦ⣬ǱһǿĻȣΣʩɲô䡣
ͷļ䣬ʩϵЦʱ첽ϳԡ
ֲͬûи㣿һʱǿκܳľԲһӲϵ
Щȷصˣʵһһ²⣬ռͲһĿռ䣬һ޴󣬻˵һĿռ౦
󣿱Ϊʲôô˵Եüͷ뱦ҪѰҵȷѶпܻ
ҲȷĽط
ʵҲǺȷֻҵĴ⣬ܹܵƬռ䵱Уһ˿ԴԴƺ̫ʱ䣬üΪ޷ظܵε˵ΪɱԴ̫޷ܣȷԼĲ²⡣
иΪɻ󲻽⣬ʵǽҸô죿
ȼ߰ɣҿܸܲܵøһЩܹѰҵǹɱԴҲܹȫȷԼ뷨ˣʱӦþͿ뿪
ã
ԵͷҲ˵ǰȥ
ٶȾ΢ӿ˲ˣʩȻɻ󣬵δȥѯʣǽڳԵԣʱֵΣա
֪䣬˽ʱ

ʩĳӭ湥ֱȥȻǴﵽ˿Ѱ߽ʦʩչĹǳҪҲΪס
û°ɣһԵĳԹʵ
ʩҡҡͷɫȴأʱտʼϵҲǲϣ̫
ʮӣĹ𽥼٣ÿһȴǳǶ˺Щ


215 
СĹѾǿѰнʦȫһ
ԴģǴﵽȾŽʦȫһ
ټǰ߰ʱ֣Ǿԭ·ءҲ֪һֱôȥҵԴ֮ǰԼҲҪ
ʩͷãҽ㡭
ףʩ볽Ը̫룬ĹȻ٣һӲŻһЩȴǴ
Ҹ˸еͷ۵ǣԽǰߣĹԽƺԣÿһǳ˶ȥǼΪͷۡ
ˣǰ⣬һСɽأҪҪȹȥϢһ󣿡ʱڳԺ𡣷̽ķΧȻǱȳҪܶࡣ
ԣԵͷҵνʩȷҪϢһ󡣡
ʩһ·ϰֵϰٵһгʮﵽ˿ȾŽʦû̫ԪҲһƣ͡·̻ŸΣգܵ״̬Ǳò
˴׺󣬳ԱǶʩ㣬ǰһСɽȹȥϢһټ·ɡ
տʼһֱֱʩ֣ƺԵеİǱĿڽˡʩ㡱ʩȴͬˣ˵ƺԵƺܴƵģǿȳԳƺ
ǿͽвȥˣͽƺΪˡ㡱ʩҲΣҲùǿȣֻš
óԵĻʩҲǰ״ȻǼһСɽߵĶѨ
СʱȷеˣϢһҲáʩû飬Ҳ֪ҪһСĹǿϢÿԽ״̬ѡ
ȹȥ
ǣ˱ֱӳСɽȥ
ɽ󣬹߰¶ߵ˶ڣȻǺѿΡվڶ۲һǱǷɽر꣬˵ɹһ˿ǼΪѰ
ȻһΪϢ֮
ɽûʲôΣգռΣ޴ڣԾԾ̽飬Ҳ൱׼ȷҪȷϡ
ȥɡ˵ɽȥ

ڳԸո붴ڣ󣬺ȻһҵƷ֮ŵģһɼΪǿҵ
Уܹһ˿Ϣռеˮ⺮֮£·𶼶˱գ
˺գ֮
ԵһʱתȥǼһɼŹϢʩ
ͣ
ȻĿ겻ԼȻԲ̺ӿҲﵽ˿ȾŽ۷ʦȫһ
һٶ죬̲ŨŨıϢɱνǼ󣬾ѰľŽ۷ʦԵֵ
ʩ˵ΪѰľŽ۷ʦҪǿϲ٣һüΪͻƣִ֮ӦԣҲΪΣա
Сģ
ԸҪʩСģϴȴʩǵ

ǼʩԪӿΣȻǵȥ
Σգ
ԴһȻʩϸ֣Ȼǵһ

ҵɢŨֱɢȴıշڳԵϣԻδĿǵضǰӰ

ʩĵֵվִ̫٣αһֱӻɣź浹˳ȥϢҲԵýΪҡ
Ȼһ֮£ʩһˡ
Բûһ㣬Ϊ֣ʩǵɵӣ
ʱʩȻˣ϶ֱӽʩƿȻֳ֮Ȼơ

û̫ʱԿǣһ̣ʩ壬һɲĳֱײ˳Եϡ
ʩոײ֮ʱʶֱס壬ڵϼơ
ˡ
󣬶˵ʩǲĳ֮£Ƿ˺ɽڵأһƵ졣
ɽڣһƬ߼Ϊ谵ãΪߣãԿ嶴ڵΡ
һտСѨѨŲٵʯ飬ʯ֮û
ô
Եڵϣʱȴ˿ΪʩȻҲˤˣûˤڼӲĵϣһֱϣûơ
ոǵԵģĹЩƣҵֵû̫⣬ֻ˵ˣ޴󰭡ʩЩ죬ϸȥóֹ֮һֵɬ
Ȼû˼ϸʩ˵޴󰭣ҲǷĲ٣Ǿͺá
Ǹܲܰɿʩվ̲ȥޱȵɬԼһ˿֪롣
ҵ֣
ԣԵһоԼƺһĶ
һһֻһ
иоָ൱ã
ȵȣƺǡ
ҡ㣬Ҳǹģ뵽ǶԵһʱýϣҲЩزԵüΪػ
Ȼˡ
֮£Բûֻ֣ƷʶؼӴ˵ȡ
Ű
һɺƵһĿ˲䴫ȫʩĺ̲סһ
ֻԺһƬհס
ҡ֪㲻ǹģû㡣ǡܲȰɿʩԵ˵
Ŷæɿ֣ҲΡ
ɿ֣ʩæվ谵Ĺ£ϡؿŽݣһƬͨ죬üԵγˮվһ仰Ҳ˵ôվţȴõʩĺ΢Щ١
Ȼһʱ仹ƽ
Ҳ֪δֽ֣ҲǼڵϣûվ֮УԵüΪ졣
ϺӲվɡղδ̫ʱ䣬ʩȿڵ
ѾƽҲȶȴûƽʱ
١
ԸЦһһµվ󲻹ûлҳĴġ
ոԶ㿪ģôû㣿һʵոʲôûһ
ǰǵʩʩʵȻӦЩִ٣Ƕ㿪Ļ϶һ¡
ʩʳ仰ɵһ㣿ĻõץɫץһλȻץڶΣôץˡ

ʩⷬش𣬳Զʱ󺹣ȫ𲻶Ⱑ
ôֳ⵵ˣ
ʩǰǵвɵץۣҵȲõʣ
ţԵĿⲻٶ䵽ʩǰͣ¸̲סһаӿ
ɫ㻹Ųҽոշ¸ѩӣ˵۸ң㿴ѩӻ᲻׼ϡ˵䣬ʩŵŭ˵۵ȴͻȻһĨʧ䡣


216 
ͻȻʩǴһĪĻȣ˵ظ߸ͦߵǰظֱ˳ϡ뿴ҪҪ£ģԸģ
뿴ҪҪ£ģԸģ
ʩٸʩԼǰ࣬κΪ֮ʧصķͣȴǿЦ
㣬ЦˣĸΰԿЦ˵ͬʱַ̧ʩļԼ
ʩóƿԼҲ΢΢һҲһĨʧ֮ɫӹ
Լվûܽ뵽ﰡ
֪ͺã´οɸעˡУ²ѩ֪ȻĻҿǲΪ͵ŶӦ֪ѩӻ˭ʩ۾ЦԼҲߵһԣոǵеĹЩƣЩھͳʱúһ¡ʲôͽһѱǡ
Ǻãɣ㻤ʩ򣬳һϲæ˵
ʩϥ£Цһһˣ㻹տԼɣܳȥʲôĹҿɲټʱˡ
˵꣬ʩǱ۾𽥽뵽״̬
΢Ʋÿɷ
ʵȻЩ壬Ҳܹ׵ʵ
ˣҲ̫˰ɣոǵ㰡㾹ȻҪҶЩȥʱڳԺ
Է˸ۣ㵱ǵˣղ̽ңƵˣ϶ͻһŰ߷ɣҿɲðա
˰ˣѵŮϲ˰֪ϲѩӣѩӵĹϵڴҵҲǱϣϲһţֻʹ취ѩӵĹϵûȷϡϧϧôѵõһε㾹ȻֱӰˣ˵ˣҶҪˡ
񳤳̾Ϣһ˵
ĻͶʱ΢΢ſ۾ŨŨĲ˼飬ɣ㾹Ȼϲңôһ㶼
̾˼ȫ棬ôϵЩءȻҲ֪ʲôʱʼϲģεıҿȷϲ㣬̰ͼʲô
α֣α֣Բɻ
ǰڻĹżڴʱǿնɱں͹аˣҪĿΪ˰У¸»ոڶڴǵʱԶ㿪ȴûȥ㣬ΪӦԼ㿪ˣǵ䵽ϣԸƴԼˣҲðս֮յء˰ˣ治Ǽٲ
ûлش
ĻԳĬˣĿҲɵ˲Զʩ
ϥӰȥԵýΪƽ֪ΪΣԴӰϣܵһɵĪˡ
ԺкȻǰʩ˵һ仰
ҪҪ£ģԸģ
ȻĬĬΪô࣡
ĬĬر۾ζӣ֪䣬ĵƺֽһӰ
ʱԺֳָһ浾ˡ
ŷѩ
СҲܹԼڶŮ˽֮УϲңҲеϲǣҳҲԼȥҲԼĿģһҪҵĳؼΪ۷ڵǰһֻСϡҳڶŮ˽У̸𣿽ھȪ֮кȥŵλֵܽãкȥΪ˾ҶԼʦ
Ȼ䣬ԵӿֳһŨŨɷ˲ͨ
˲ǰڶӵܣ΢Цſ뿪ԼȴԶȥʦ
ͻȻԼĳд˿̿϶ңؿš
ԼҲһƬ֮С
ˡ
ؼʱ̣ԵĶͷӿֳһɫİ׹⣬Ƿ֮
֮Եסֹɷ¶Ӱ쵽һԵʩ
ˣһ£㲻ܳĳ֮Уڵµ㣬ǹȥ㣬Ա𣬵㲻ܻڳ֮УʧԼġˣѡеڳԵԺ
ʱһķ֮ҲǴӳԵľ绮Ϊ֮
ܻڳ֮УԵҲǻָŵҵȷܻڳУʦ֮飬϶ϣҷݱֻϣҺúõػţÿġ֪һڳ֮У϶ġ
ţԵ˼ɵͨ˺ƾһϴ񣬾һƬͬգ
ôһοƼ򵥣ʵΣޱȵ˼ά֮£ľ磬õһԵ
ˣϲ㣬Ϊˡһʱ˳Ծеı仯Եؾϲ
ۿžҪʧڳУѣɹԼþõίʵǳϡ
ҡͷһЦҲ㲻Ϊһξ񾳽ɡ
ڶԾƿأǾ˲ٰ˵ʱ֮
ҲŸոմﵽ֮һĶãҪٶͻƵ֮ӶԿƱ̸꣬סҡͷԼָƣ˵õҪһͻƵ֮ǲܵġ
һεľͻƵ֮Ҳǽ˲١
ȻľδͻƵ֮ڵľȴǴﵽʦľ磬ҪҪȳʱһԪΪȥ
΢ջҡͷʱᷢΣգһǲҪˣԺеʱ䡣ˣܸܲӦԴܲȷƬռһһ
̾Ϣȷڹ켣ͽ˲٣ȴܽоطҾãƬռУһҵսЩǵʱµģȻС˲٣ǹбȻ̺ÿԸ򡣡
ЩԴʲôϵԲʵ
ҲµûԴṩ
˵ʲô
ȷ˵ʲôһ룬ܹЩо͸ѰҳһЩҵԴ֮
Ŀתҡͷо͸ƺͰ첻ɣ
ҲǿЦһȷǺѰ쵽ؼĴܣȻҪеĹо͸ѭɣȫǲ֮¡
Ǻǣǻɡ
εͷȴ֪ʱܹѰó
æһڲ鿴һҵľҲ£Ҳϥ¡
˷İɣʲôһἰʱ㱨㡣Ȼû顣
Եͷ۾ʼ۲Լľ硣


217 

ľУִָѪƾ⵴һɹɾ֮ڳոսʱľǼӾΪԾ
ȻǴﵽʦʦ֪֮ΪѸ٣֪Ǹ˻ǵءջһƬͣ΢΢ʦ϶ǵǵģ֪ŬΪ˱𣬿϶ǳǡ
ҡҡͷֽŵ㵣ҲаûĻһʦ˼úõعӣȥѰ˼֮¡Ҳһ齣ǵõؼΨһһΪһԾǧǲúΪɱΪλֵܽúʦζԵţ
ҲôҵĵģȻһᱨ𣬵Ҳʱʱ̿űѩޣҲԼڳ棬һӵԼһÿġһ̣ͨơ
ܹظܵԼܹܵܵʩһһĺ
ҲԸܵڶѨ棬ŴˮֵŨռʱʱֳһĹ
Ϊܵ쳣ԿЩĹ켣ࡣ
Щ·ʣصס
ܣӡ

ľ𣬳Ծظܡ֮һִ·Լ˶뵽һĹС
ΪЩ֮ϵлصеҲתǹ켣࣬ȫؿľ硣
ԺȻԼ·Ҳ뵽Ƭ֮䡣
еȫľ
ܹһʶصףܵĳһٻ
ٻУܵһ˿ʹζ
һ̣ǿռǴصңԶĴشĶС
׼ȷ˵Ǵľ磬ľ
Ưһ˫۾
ͻȻ䣬ԷһΪܼĿռصף˫۾һգһգ˫۾˸˿˿ˮ밧
ȾҡҲ
Ȼʱһ֮ͻȻڳԵľصոܵȻӾ磬ٶȸӿ죬͡
ֱӽ˫۾ǡ
ǡԴѨڣԵ۾Ȼ
ݣ
ڳԵ۾һһεľһ֧ϸֱûǰɽʯڣʯһ
ԲδһĨȻ
ϲˣȻ֮ͻȻڳԵԺ
֮ʲôɻʵ
Ҳ֪Բ͵֮һΪֶΣԪ£ɵһԪռĵʦܹҪ֮þȫϣֶܹһߵ츳֮ǰһʱ佫ΪΪţĸ˵Ⲣʲôֻܹ֮˵㲻ţҲһˡ
ôҶ̫Ȥڵľ˲١Ժܿ͸ܵеľۻ벻٣Ȼﵽ۷ʦĲΡ
񲢲е⣬Ȼüͷ˵˵֮󣬾õһһ׵ӣ㷽۾ΣƺǿʲôĶǰ״̬֪˿ʲô
𷽲ԼԼĲ룬ɵû´ĻҿĶӦþǿѰԴ
Դ㾹ȻԴһ

ԵͷҵĹ۲УԴƺһ壬ڵЩͦΣյģȥ
ȥţٶȾĹżǧ꣬û뵽ĶȻлŵ塣
Ҳ֪Ǿʲô๥סƺʱ᳹ɢҡüͷ΢΢ţʱĸоҾãǸطеҸе񡣡
΢󷽲ŻڣܹеҲֻаħڵ
ħڵ
ӦİħֻİħϲŻǸе񡣲˵İħ˵ǼϰܹõְħҵʵҲָ١
ڲ֪Դﰡεֵ̯̯
üͷ΢壬Ǳߵ龰Ӧü˰ɣ͸ǱģǾͰ취ȥҡ
ԺлһʱΣĹǳܼҲܴ󣬿ÿһŲھŽʦĹǿҲǿȾŽ۷ʦĹ
Ž۷ʦ⻹ǵĳܷΧ֮ڡͷˣ²˳٣ڻץʱѰҹܼ֮ɣڵǸصӦڼ֮ҵʱһֱ򶫾Ϳˡ
֪ˣǻȵȱɡ
ˣո֮ѾʱˣıһСʱ֮ǰͽڿڵءЩε˵
ԣԲɵþû뵽ֹʱ
ǰ֮ʱԼƺӶѣû뵽Ȼʱ
ʩķȥԹȻǼʩһɻضԼ
ԭǳڽһֱ۾ġ
Լʩʵոʲô
һЩϵ£Ҳʲô⣬Ժɡôˣ
һãҵΪѾˣϧδͻƵʦ硣ʩЩʧ˵ֵһεĳҾͻƵʦҲԶˡ
΢΢ͷոʱͻȻо˶һЩ춯ǲͣӦܹѰҵȷķڡԽͻԽΣգҪѨңȷȷķҾϹΣ
óȻڶѨ㡣ʩ˸ۣΪǹңҲסҪǣڱҪȷԼİȫʲô£ҿ϶ѩǰ˵Ĳǡ
ԴΪҲ֪ʩΪãҲ˵ϻǽǾȳŶǰɡ
ã
¶ûͣ߳ѨٶŶнȥ
ڳ֮ǰԻϵһŭͨŭ˽һŷѩ˵ΡõĴǣŷѩȫæ󲿷ֵΪõ˳չرǿϺŷѩˣΪһǧ١
֪˰ȫ󣬳Ҳȫ

߳ѨãһĹǴӳԱʩһ֣ɽȥ
ΪȻ˲ٰԿʩƽĿʱһ


218 Ǳص
Դ֮ܵΪУĲ켣Լ࣬ԿüΪϸſȾŽʦȫһǳ壬ԿŽʦʵһַȥ
壬ƵҲԼ˽⣬Լڰȫ״̬
֮ЧãƬΣռ䣬̤԰
㣬ǼӿٶΣ΢Щ
ʩüͷ΢壬ҵû⣬ӿٶȣͿܻеΣˡ
ЦһİɣҲµġ
ǺðɣҼӿٶȣҷΣգҿǻ̼ٵġʩûȥ׷ʣ֪Բƭ
ʩԼôΣжʱӿһ˿֮С
Ҳû룬ͬӿٶȣʩߡ
һ·ϣ֮żָʩֻҪʩвĹἰָʹö˲ûΣգһзʮ
ʱڷ֣ܵĹʼܼЩ൱ԣ󲿷ֵĹᳯŶ˳
Щ޴һſȾŽʦȫһ
ڣԶܹʱʩЩԼ
Щտʼı䣬һȷķ󣬾Ͳٸı䣬ʱ򣬳Աǻʩı䷽ֱӵֵЩ
һ·϶ҲûһΣգ൱֮ɡ
ڳԵֶΣʩȻֵɻƣûиҲȥʡ
ˣҸܵˣȷŰħϢİħٶڳԵԺ
ڸܵôԣųһʵܸܲܵԴĴڣûǰѰҳɡ
Զͷ׹Ժ㵵ˡϲģԴӦڵص
صô죿òƽⲻռ䰡
ô죬ȻԴڵصֻܽصȥѰ¡
˫һɣصףô
˷İɣҿԴҵԴѾܵϢˣҲܵҵϢˡЦ˵
ȻԼԼصףȻٶ˵ʲôӦһʩ㣬»Σգҿ²ܹ˼㣬ռָҲɵ㡣
ԣʩɵҡͷһЦǸģû뵽ڷ׸ˡ
˵ﻰһ·϶ıҲܹȻߵ
˵ϻ뵽ռָɡʩڼʶԷ·԰һҲǲٵĳԵİΣԼгԵĲѣҲԽԽ׽⣬ռָ˵Ļҡ
Եͷһǽʩս˿ռָ
߰ɣڽصס
ʩ뵽ռָ󣬳ԱǶŷ˵
á
΢΢ͷ󳽻Եӿһ㵭׹⣬رĽ£׹൱Ũ
͡
׹棬ʱһѨγɣԵҲֱû档
ݣ
ڰ׹İ£ԵֱӴͲ谭ٶ˿
ŨİħϢռ䣬Ȼǲ򵥰󲻵Ϣʱ䣬ԱظܵĲԶһŨħӿ
ˣǰ氵ħϢŨпŰħڵصΣյĵطѾƿ˳Ե壬ǽǰ㱨ԡ
ԣԵͷͬ±ͷСĵ㣡
ٺһЦʵҸϣаħ˵ħɱֺöԸˡ
ҡͷڻָʵǺǿҲֻܶԸѰľŽ۷ʦǰħĻƽ׾Ʒ۷İħ񶼿ԽС
ٶӵӣԵٶȻϡؿԿǰ֮⣬һɫ
ɫŷֿһɫԲмЩ롣
ԴĿһɫ֮ʱԴ
ؿԴֿԴĺɫֺɫͬɢϢȴ൱ԣһΪһ̲ŨŨаϢ
΢΢ͷˣԴƺǺħϢǣţȥҲᱻħϢ֪ͬΪΣԴѰԴͬȻܹоϵϢڼϲûв˿İħϢ
˼ԣԴȻħϢǣסħϢ֮ܽͬɡ
ô죿ҪҪ־Դʵ
ȻҪȡԴΪܹħϢͬȻаħҪԸǿ϶Ҫȡ
һͷǼóԵĶͷӿֳһɹɫâɫâԵȫһ׹ѸٵطԴ
ˡ
Ȼ䣬ԴΧĺɫϢҷŨŨаϢǵذɢͬʱһаҲԺɫдȻѾûѪζˡû뵽ڻл᳢ԣΰȻûǰ
û뵽СһܹصסϧˣȻͷħʵѾһҲһѰʦܹԸ˰ɫ壬ҲǹĶ˼¡
ߣȻԣҾԸԵĿбһĺȻһӣϵɫâʱһɫԲ򣬾ֱǰĺɫȥ
ݡ
ɫԲѸٿɫ塣
տʼĻʱɫлһ˿ԵĲмɫԲȥϢζҲɢɫǴһĨ𶯡
Ϣôܣӡôܻ˿־ζӺɫдҺò׾Ҫһɣû뵽ĽڹϣȻ˷ӡҲұҪߡ
£ܵĺڹɲǼ۶˲仯һź۵ӰӰһһӶȥ
ȻѾ֪ǷӡҪԸ㣬Ϊ㻹ܹӵôЦһЦ֮ʣǵ֮İȻ˺Ӱ׿⡣
˶Ϊ㲻ɣӰζȻͣ£תȥֻɭȻڹĹצ̽һĨķӡϼ˲˰֮ϡ

ײһɷ֮İ׹ֱӱײ飬
Ӱ΢΢һΣ˼ȶ
ԭҲ˰ǰǳشս˺ҲСʵҲþͱǿ϶١ҽվƴֻʣһҲҪץȥӰһǹЦŨŨ˷֮⡣


219 ͷ
ܹץ÷ȥνպĿеĵλһԾǧɣһ֮֮ϡΪ˸شֻۣҪȻһڣĿܵȻ˲ָȫʢʱڵʵ
׳ա
ȻӰĹЦԡȴֱӷ˸ۣһĨڽЦ⣬ֻһǰټǰʮǰ׹˸
رԻΪáȥ
ԡֻصһŨİ׹佫еıסһͣǿɢЩɽҵسǰĺӰ
ˣԭʾסҡ
ӰһĻɫ΢䣬æҪתٶȥ¼ʩչУܵŨŨϢԼ룬Ի֮ء
ģٶ룬Ѱҵ㱨
ͨץסҲԽ֮
ڻӣˣ
ԡɫĮ֮ʣټɰ׹סıŨİ׹⡣
еİ׹һɢȻϢǷ֮

һ̣Ũİ׹ХֱӽӰС
Ҳġ
Ӱһ˲ʵǱ֮֡
ݣ
ס˺Ӱķֱ֮ӻһŰ׹⣬˳ԵĶͷ
û°ɣ÷񽫺Ӱսӡѯʵ
ٺһЦһ̽װħǵĻƽ׾Ʒħ϶˺ҡոյʹֶߣҲֻʩչһ׾ֱӽɱһûˡ
뿪ĹżҾȥѼʱÿϺʩҹæԳһ˵
ȻԸˣܹ÷񾡿ָʵҲֻȥ鷳Ϻʩҹˡ
ȴҡͷ˲ȥͷǣոҲɱһͷħͷħʵȻһʵָ߽ʦ׾ٵġ
Ŀ˸ȻҲٻָʵϣܹԸʵʵ
ˣԴڹ۲ǣȲҪȥ׼ôлǡѾصռУϣһСһɫĶȻһЦֱ콫ȥ
븹УϵϢȻǡ
ԵͷвлǾνˣһҪ뿪ռķ
˷ģڼȻҵԴȻҪ뿪ռ䡣ȻԴҲԣҼпܿԻΣǻ۲ڳߣҷǰٺ١ǵùԹԾͷ
䣡
ո£ϵϢǶȻһٴﵽ߽ʦĲΣϵϢڼǣ֮䣬ʹﵽ߽۷ʦ
ôﵽ߽۷ʦϵϢֹͣǡ
Ҳǲ˷ΪҲһϲ񣬹ϲˡ
ٺ١
ЦһϢӿһ㵭İ׹ɢ
ͬһʱ䣬ϵϢҲӿ
ǺǣǴ˵еķӡˣ֮꾹ȻؼΨһһԶɫԴͻȻųý˳Բŷ֣Դɫɫ
͡
볽Խʣ֮ʱɫԴʱ䶯ȻǻһѮӵͷ
ͷϹԵ쳣õɫ·Ƥֲޱȣŵ˫źƲ˻༫Ϊࡣ
󣬾һֵصũ
ȻϣȴǲһζݵװԼصķ񣬺˲֪С
ǰáԿڵ֪ǰ֪֪뿪Ƭռ䣿ҵһЩѽȴ޷Ѱȷط뿪ǰָ㡣
ͷ˳һۣϸţüͷ΢΢ƺԳԲǼΪ⡣
ϸ΢ı仯Բδ֡
ͷͷһѺõӵСѷģǰȻ뿪ռ䡣뿪֮ǰ֪ܷҼʶһ·ӡ顣
˵ɡԵͷ
ûϵ񣬷ֱ˳վԣȻЦͷӣոΪ˰Ըͷħҿļأһʧ˴ıǲ׼ңٺ٣ǵĻҾͲˡ

÷⻰ͷ죬ҡͷЦ൱Ȼ
ȵȵȵȡ֪ϣǰģҷȻ˵㣬;Ա󡣡ִ̧ͷĻȻ߸ͬʱ½ʱȴǱ߸Ҫܳʱ䡣
ǰͷƴ꣬ҲԱȣѹַһƺԼ
ͷһ죬Էɲаϸ룬վԼǰؼΨһһ飬ԼװװҲûʲôģæˣǰڵ飬ǰشսڼ䣬ǻڱһϽƷħҴһ츳õĵӣԼƬɽ룬ȻǱϽƷħ׷ϣѹҲǽҵı壬뿪á
һʱ䡣ǰǧ꣬ҵı壬ϽƷħܹΣǧǰ֪ħʹʲôֶΣɱ˻һӣұƵҲ˱شұѹסҲܴͬأ֮ɳİħؾңҪɡǻ֣Ҷֻ֧һʱ䡣
ͷĽԲɵ̾ǰǳشսȻҲ̶ãֱӾһɱ
ﲻɵöһ˿ΪڵţͬǱţֲֻͬˡ
ˣǰǳشսҿǳǰߵģЩҿҼ춼ܼͲٺϸ˵ˣֻ֪׼ʲôҵĿ𣿡Բͷ˵
ͷʱΣǲײˣʵڱǸȻҲһЩ֮ǰΪܹҿָ֧ʱ䣬ǻڵбҶԼˡ
һѻӣͷ㲻ҲҽôˣҰ
Ȼҡˣͷ֡
˵Щ
ȻϹŹ飬ػһڣȫʢʱڵʵԶԸ߽ʦϳ˱ñҺö٣ҵʵһھСѶսҶĶ֡Ϊۣò˶೤ʱ䣬ұȻԻָ۷״̬ͷԵΪ
Ȼļȴû̫ᣬǷһ۵ָܻܲ۷״̬ƨ£ûԼڶûָ̫ʵ㻹Ҷָʵ
һ͵˺ò뷹ԣһַԣǸ˾Ͱѷˣ˿϶Ϊǰ׳ա


220 ϻ
ԼҪˣϵķ˳ԡ
ͷȻҲԶڷ񲻿δԵ
ӡؼΨһһڰħ֪Ĵڣ϶дʱָϰָۣ֮ʱұȻҲָȫʢʱڡ˹ϵܻὫν׵ķңٽһΪؼΨһһ󣡡
ͷĿתһԥһϰκͻȻᶨŷֻҪϰۣҾָȫʢʱڣԸΪˡ
ȻǰΪˣ㵱ǿأΪҷһĿСˣͷ֮ʣָһŭӡ
񡭡Կڵ
Žһ̧ס˷ģҼȻΪˣͿ϶ñΪ
ıȻƽ۵ףȴһ˿ζ
ˣ
Ȼ÷ƺΪˣͷʱ𾪵غϲ£죬ƺ뵽ʲôһ£̧Ȼμ㡭ʦ߸ˣ
˵֮ʱͷ쳣һ㡣
⻰˵ԣվһԵķ񣬶̲סգ۾
һҲ̫ḻˣӦҲ̫˰ɣ
ǰˡҲ߸ˣַϡ
Ҳεҡͷҵˣǰ߸Ϊ˶ԸħѾȥԶˡ
ˣͷһŻع
ؼǿ߸Ϊ˶Ըħȥôܻ
ת˲ͷüͷĿڳϴ鿴ԽüͷԽǰСһôһͨ߰ô÷Ϊģ
ˣǲ֪ҪΣܹһָʵأͷҲ֪ϷΪ϶˾ͷôõһᡣ
û꣬òİҪָʵ֪Ҫȵ¡
£ҲҪǧꡣ
ȻһЦҵȻҲָʵ㿴ڵ״Ҳ֪ԼΪҪ˵İ𽥻ָء
ô죿ͷʱˡ
̯̯֣εصҲû취ֻܿˣʵؿ죬ȻԸٶȰһָʵʵָòˣǿָʵ
ͷĿʱһȻô˵ˣǾͱʾϣˡȻҪȴʱ˲٣ȫķΧ֮ڡ
ǡ֪СγƺͷĿֱ˳ԡ
³ԡ
СѣҽҲûʲô£֪ҿɷأ
Ȼ
ԸҪӦͻȻͷôƺҵ˵ģ
ͷɻȻǳƺСѰ
ҳƺΪˣȴƺΪСѣҽγƺأŭ˵

ͷüͷʱ˵ƺΪˣȴƺΪСѣ˷ĳ
ιͷʵͦģ󷽡Ҫ߳ȥͿɶҪҲΪˡͷգ۾
Ϊ
ͷ۾ʱΪǷˣѰƨǣ·ȻҪϳΪ
Ϊ˵⻰ǵΨһҪֱһƽķˡ
¶ڷ飬ڷֱֲӲء
£ͷʱԥ
ҪҪϳΪ
ԿһĻҲһȻǿЦΪְͷôһ֣ϵǿ˲١
ͷıǿϳ˱ôһǿĴڣΪ
˵ͷҲҪΪûݡϸ뿴Ϊôƽҵûݣ㱶й٣ߺߣҷؼΨһһߣҷϵˣûȥһȻ˵
⻰ɫȴͻȻЩ죬ڳ䵱ԱҪȥأ
ͻȻһתҲǿ㣬Ҫٿǿǣȹʮϰģ㻹Ҳõİ취ǰѰҵˣ
⻰ǳԻͷǽĿ˷񣬲Ǵӷϣȴǿʲô
ȻͷȴǶȻһͻ˵ڸһλᡣϳΪԺóˣᡣ
ؼΨһһӡΪˣҾǸô˵Ҳûҵݡ
ԺѸͷͷһҧݺݵͷųԾʮȵش쳣˵ˣ
ɡЦŵȻûбֳʲôȴ쳣˷ܡ
ǿϳ˱鰡ΪϹŹ飬»ָʵڳԵİ൱֮
ϻãӦֱӴӦİɡľǣԺ϶ǲԿġһԴЦܹշôһϹŹҲͬǷǳˡ
ǺǣͷԸָܹʵؽڡЦһ

Ц£ӡ󳽻ԱǼؼǲֱӳŻƻ۶
̶̲һյĹڻϣǶһȭͷСİ
ȥûκ촦ϸ鿴ͿԷ֣УƺһصɢԪһĹɡ
ң˫ֱӲ鿴ͻɲǼֱʧУû˽ȽԶ߲
ˣҵıڱ㽫㣬ֻҪһѪСڽãҪ߶ͱȻָһЩ˵ţĿһ۷
ϻģзıԼָġЦ˵ϻõнӹг˷֮ɫ
͡
ָðһʺѪҺ뵽С
ʱԱǸоԼ֮䣬һϵ
Լ֮䣬ҲԸ֮ܵУƺһɼΪµ˯š
վһԵϻãȻҲǲһĻĿҲǻοЦһ
£ǳ׳ˡ
ﻷͦ
ϻýۼ֮Ƭռеǳɢȥܵľɫױ¶뿪ص棬һ⾰ɫˡ
ϻڣٵѰҳ֮¡
ܵЩɹҲǾɢȥΧľʢΪǰˮ̫Ũ֦Ҷ滹ŲٵˮǸһֲȻĸо
ֻƬľɫϻȴ̾һиһ˿˸֮ɫ


221 ȫ
ػĵطҪһƬҰˡ
Ǻǣϻ㲻̾Ϣһ÷ָʵģлˣؽڱǡϻõ̾Ϣɵļ
ԼֺγŴ˵ԸͬҪؽ
лˡϻõͷ˵
֪֪ЩģʱȻ֪ŷѩû£ϣܹϻȥ
ϻüͷ΢壬ʵˣ֪ĻЩˣƬˣǧء
ˣռĳڶʱѰҲǿ϶ռ֮ڡȻɢȥҲǷ֣ڼ֮ΪңƺǳڣʱЩҲ޷뿪
ԾһŷѩͿ϶˵۳͵ϻõľС
ԭЩ˰
ϻƬֶǿҵĸӦԸܵκεķ紵ݶ֪ŷѩ˵ĳһʱͲǰߵ˵ķλ״ϱǸֳһ˿֮ɫˣѲڶͻءסһƺҲ˼ͻƵıԵ֪ʲôʱܹͻơ
ǺǣջǲСҲһϲͻȻĿһԺٴ۳һͷ񴫸ϻãϻãٰ˻ڲƬռ
ԴϻõͷǧǳϹٽӡ
Աɱһˣ
ϹٽǰΪ˶ϮɱƵһռ䣬ǰΪռе֪ϹٽӦòô
ռȻΣأϹٽ˵ֻҪСЩȫ⵹ǿԱϡңϹٽܹΪǧǵһ֣Ȼ츳ڣռջΪпܻٶڳ˵ԲһϢ
һϹٽԸȥԸŷңҲǻóԸеΪͷۡ
ڼȻϻÿԸӦеһУҲϻýϹٽԼҲþ콫Ϊá
ˣ˵ȷڹѾˣ֮ǰҸܵһΣռйһΰħϢĲ˵Ǹʱʧġϻüͷ˵
ԣԵüͷҲ̲סû뵽ϹٽȻ밵ħϹϵˡ
˵Ļ´ҲҪ
ȻڲǾˣϻãܲܰͻһڵĵط΢ʵ
ϻõͷһЦȻԡ
Եڽ͹ȥͲóˣʱͺͷڷռɡ
ϻĿһռ䣿ͷҿĽѾð
ͷǰϡ
ˣ㲻Ҳͷ𣿹
ϻЦ󳽻ԵǱһŨסܶȻɢһռ䲨ԵҲǱģ
Ե΢΢һʧԭء
ԸоԼںһһĸо̲ס̾оԼƺȫ뵽˿ռ䵱УƬռеԪƶָӵǲ
ָоδ̫ʱ䣬Եǰ˸һƬ⣬һ͸оԼ𽥳ʵУϤһĻǰǰս뵽ռĵط
ĲԶŷѩͿϥԪӿ
ϵԪǿз֣һﵽ۷ʦΣһ׳ʦҶϢͬϸһְԵſζŷѩ䡣
һ첻Ϊ˵زˣԿһĻʱɵۣ뿪֮ʱϵΪſͻƵʦŷѩҲĽʦû뵽Ź˼ʱϵΪ۷ʦŷѩҲֱӴﵽ׳ʦ
ȣ̬񡱣еЩ˼鰡
󣬳ԵĿתվһС˻ԺǧĶˣҲǸֳһĨ֮ɫΪԺǧϵϢҲ˲٣ûﵽȽĲΣҲ
ĸˣŷҵļŷ壬ΪҲһЩﵽ˰˽ʦϢǳʵʵҲǱ򵥡ŷҵڶӵԼˣΪ
Ȼȴһ⣬ʩҹ
˵ΪˣΨʩҹһ˵ΪûǴһʦĲΣ˵ǳΪһ
ʩҹ츳㲻϶ãֻеȣóǴҲģΪ᲻ȥҲ
һ㶼ԵƣȤȻڿϺŷѩԱߡȻϺŷѩΪҲΪظˡ
ΪҲˣ˹ȥ
˼ŲȴǸȻ֮£Ϊ֣ŷѩ뿵϶˵ܣԪ쳣ѸݣЩԪ˵ĲҵޣسŶ˵ĵӿȥ
Իˡ
Ȼͣ˽ŲȻǱԵ˸֣ԱֱӴһ첽ųȥ
Իˣ
ԣǧĺŷͬ첽򳽻ԣϥڵŷѩͿϣԵֺҲǵһʱ۾ϸֳϲ֮ɫվ򳽻ԡ
ԣû°ɣߵǰʱеѯȴ൱ʶȤŷѩóһ·ŷѩߵԵǰ
ŷѩЦŵҵȻû£ϲΪô졣
֣ͱǵٶˣڵΪȻѸ٣һȻЩϸտʼЩˣһ뵽ǿµһɹʱ
ͳһȽϣΪٿ춼Ȼ
ŷѩõԵĿ佱ȴΪظˣЦζ˿ϣΪŻô졣ˣأ
ǺǣڿռָھЦЦһʩ˱ǳԡ
ԣʲôʱˣ
ʩֺ󣬿Χľüͷ𣬳ɻɫʣرǰŷѩϵˣɻʢ
ת˲ΧľиӿֳŨŨ𾪣ôûˣô£
㣬ƬôɢҲ֪Ϊɢҷ뿪Ƭռĳھڼ֮Բŵһʱϻҳȥġ˵
ϻõ飬δ˵ϾϻǣĲǻڣħǣˣԲôҵġ
ǰùãʧغͻȻûһԤףͲ֪ʲôԭ򡣲νȻѾҵ˳ڣǾͿֱ뿪ˡʩҹһ˵
ʩ˵ͷûжĿȴǿ۳ԣܸо볽Щϵ
Ȼ˵Ҳ֪ΪλɢȻҲȥʡ
ѩ֣ҸոռʱԪƺЩͬѰ֪ܷ񽲽һ£ΪȤʵ
óʳ飬Ե˽ǽĿ˿ϣŷѩҲǿϡ


222 
ٺ١
ϵЦţ֣Ҹոմһ棬һţھͰϸؽ
ȵȡ
һϵĻæֹ̧Լţ˵ĳɹˣҲȥǾ޳Ͷɹɲá
˵ôҽˣҺòһԼеԺţҪȻͬıǣܹʲôҲֻ㱾´󡣡Ϸ˸˵
ҲǴǰ֣ϵΪһһףŴڸˣ²ôš
˶٣Բż˵еˣֻѩһɹˡ
ֻѩһɹˣüͷʱһôֵţͷһ˵
ǧҲΪƵ˵ɲǣЩ˵Ҳܹⲻ٣Ĺͷ޷ɹѩһɹˣҲ֪ô¡
⻰ȤŨȻǿ㽲
ϺٺһЦͷʵͦ򵥵ģЩһӶ䣬һ仰ͿԽǾĸܣߵԪںϡӦȻ֮뵤
ĸԪںϡӦĿһӿϵ仰Уƺʲô
ϸһ룬־Ͳʲôš
ˣţֻʺѰȻҲԼԪںϣ޷ֱӽԪ뵤ֻӵʵˣſʱԵԺ
ʣѵҲʣɻѯʵ
ҲǺȷȥ̽һ¡
̽
ԵԺͻȻһǰΪ˲̽ŷѩʣûͬ屧סŷѩһĻԵĿⲻɵÿһԱߵŷѩоһֵܰ
ˣʲôվһƵʵ
ûʲôЦҡҡͷջĿ⣬ϵ֣֪ܷҲ̽һ壿
Ϸ˸ֻۣǵز̽Ȼû£ɲȻҿҪġ
ȥģҪҲǷһˡ
֪ˣ϶ʱʱ̿ŷŮӣ˵һֱŷ˭ţ

ÿϵЦȴǳЦĿ䵽ŷѩϡ
˵ĴЦŷѩҲǼΪΣ죬ͷȥȴʹЦ
û˿վڳʩһӣͬ΢΢Щ죬ȻǺԣ޷ȫĵ⡣
ˣˣָҡƲƲ죬ǰȥ
Ҳûٶ˵ʲôԹԵ
̽°ɡץϵ˵
סˣ⿵ϵʣǴ˵еĿԪ塣ڳԸոץסϵ󣬷ֱ
ɻصԪ壿ʲôǿԪ壿
Щ˵еʣԲ˽⡣
ٶϸ̽һȷԼûв̲̽ס̾û뵽ǿԪ壬ǰҲֹֻһΰû뵽ھȻҸˡ
ǰֹֻһΣȻôҲ𶯣ӺԪ𣿡
ٺһЦֹǰǸӵпԪˣʺԶǺܺãֻеȣ֪֪ſԪ壬ȻǽΪ˸߽ʦĲΡ
߽ʦ
üͷһܿͻָƽ
ԪǰֻôһΪﵽ˸߽ʦҲ̫ϡ档
Եı飬ȻһЦɱΪһ߽ʦƲԪŶΪԴĿԪӺΪ߽ʦ˶ʮʱ䣡
ʮꣿ
֣жʱһƬκˣŷѩǵǧѵһľ壬һ㶼ʮ֮ǰﵽʦԪһѣȻֻҪʮʱ䣬ͻƵ߽ʦ
뵽һ㣬Բɵٶȳ˿о֡
ǴΪﵽʲôˣԼеѯʵ
ʵԪٶȿ죬ͬ׵еսҲڶԽսҲΪԭŰԵ˷۵ףΪûһٶ죬ͬи޵֣̫ĵˡ
˵̲ס̾Ϣһ죬еĳмͬʱ֣Ϊǰ˵ĳ֣µҪˡ
ѵûɻʵ
ҡͷȻ˾ʱѾ˲ΣǸʱʶǰ˵֪졣һҲһ溺ӣ֪ԼˣҲڣҼǵʱ˵һԼҲźˡĵģ½ٴγֿԪߺǰΪӶ̫ʱ䡣
ȷһˣ
Ҳһ˿ľ⣬˻һܹһԼһ¡
ǸźûֲˣϾǰЩܴڡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ϺٺһЦˣͲ֪ˣʱҲǵһ㣬ͽڿԪϵǰˡ
߸ǰ𣿿ϧǰشսУͬȥˣ
ˣʱҿҲڳġ
ţô˵ϵҲУ̽Եʵ
ЦôҪϵҵȻҲᱸһݰڿԪϵѾϵֳ˾Ÿֻ֣ҪԪˣֱӽˡ
ԣĿһ̲סеѯʵ㿴ֵĿԪûУ
ٶѸ٣ǾˡҿԸܵĹѪȻת䣬ò˶ãԪͻ᳹ױֳˡ
ϵǾֱ͸Σʡ·ѯʵ
ЦϴһʦͻƵĽʦһʱ䣬Ϊʵԭһ׿ԿΪţٸϵôΪƱػٸһʱĻΪٻͻƵʦĲΣߣʱ˲ºѹ𣿡
ǺǣΪѸҸ˻ôеѹأѹж
óԵĻش𣬷ЦһȻ㶼ô˵ˣұ㽫ϵ㣬ֱӸϰɡ
˵ţԵԺ˸һŰɫâڹ֮Уһɷ·˯˰İԵϢ
ǿԪϵ
˷İɣϵΪҿ϶ǲģҷٶȻû˿죬Ҷ˼ˡٺٵЦ
ѹνɱҲѹˡԴЦһǽĶԻ


223 Ԫ
Ȼ̸˲ٶΪþнԽǻ˲ʱ䡣
֣ŵǲʺϱѩܹ֮ѧᣬҲΪһЩԭ򡣡Իع󣬱ɿ˿ϵ
ʺϱ
һҲǸֳһĨʧЦţǰ㽫Ŵееӣһٸһǧһ򣬶һջ
ŵʵҲǻõٵ
ȻԴ˲δ̫ϣʱԵĻҲЩΡ
ԺǧĵԵĻҲε̾һԼţԵ
˵ԭѵΪҵʣΨŷѩһ˿ɻ֮ɫȻû˵Ҳδȥʡ
֣ҿƺȱݣҸһ£οɡ˵ţҲȿϻش𣬾һֱӰſԪţ֮뵽ϵľ硣
ȻǲܾԵľľУǶһɰɫĹţͬʱԵҲԺ𣬡֣Ǵ˵еĿԪ壬ԪֻǰֹһΣһʱ֮Ҳδֹʵ̫ˣǧҪκˡҸϵǿԪϵ㰴ķΪȻһǧסǧҪ½κмǡмǡ
Ԫ壿ϳţʶ㲩ȻҲ˵һЩڿԪ飬֪ԼʾȻǰųֹһεĿԪ壬˲ɵôԭء
һ˵ľþ޷ع
Ȼʱһľľ磬˲ع
лֵ裡ϻعæųԱȭ¶ޱȵ֣ϡ
Ǻǣû¡
ҡҡͷҲûʲôˣھͶֱ뿪ɡ
ã
˶Դ˶û飬½ǵͷ
ǣһûٹֱͣż֮ٱӶȥ
һռ䣬ǿνջʢʩҹһˣÿ˵Ϊõ˴ȵǶڹҲǿ˲٣ʵսҲżĽ
һ·ЦϣĲֹرǧĶˣΪͻƵʦֻһ˷֮
һ߸·һ죬ҲԵñȽС
Ψϣͷڳ󣬶̸ֻ֮żἰ֮ʱŻ䣬ʱ価ͷоԸϵ
·ԼĪʱǲǰĲԶԪ쳣
ҵ𣡡
˸ǰ쳣ԪüǸֳһƬϲɫҲ̲סӿЩٶȡ
ӺһƬڰյɫУǳǰ
Ե˸һִǼһӰͬȳһشӵϷ𣬷˹С
ȻƬռĳڣ
ڹ·ϵ߳︡ŨŨϲ֮ɫȥ
̶̲һӵʱ䣬߽˹С
Ƭռ䣬ӦþִܹĹżĵشˡ̧ͷŹе
ҲϹȥɣȻôɶˡʩҹһ˵ȻûԼʵܹɲϣô˸ˡ
ҡͷһЦûзԣȻˣǴҲȥɡ
£Źз˹ȥԣŷѩʩ˽档

һ뵽УԱǸоһָоδãһɽ֮¡
ŷѩ뿵ϵˣҲǳ
ǰȥܿͿϤӰǻտˡ
סϵϢƺһˡԵĿɨž֮ɫĿֱͣ˽ϣо֮ɫΪȻͻƵ˴ʦ츳ȻҲǷͬ찡
Ȼǵ֮ΧĸָƣϵϢܹظܵ
˽ΪͻƵʦĲΣΪҲǰһǰĽڻտҲͻƵ˾ŽʦĲΡ
տȻΪһΪ˲ٵ⣬ֱӽ׵˴ʦεĽվԱ߶˿ԻտΪվм䡣
ʦȻǿ󰡣½Ϊ˴ʦĲΣҲտǲ֪Ƕ˵սΣϾֶο϶࣬Ѱһ״ʦȻ֡ͻȻðôһͷ
ͬʱҲվȺеˣʱűǰȴǱ࣬󲿷϶һЩزһƣϱǰҲ˲١
ܿ죬ͻȻһ⣬ǾΧտ˵ĿУȻ¶һ˿м뾴⡣
Ϊɻ
ϻã֪֪ǰռ﷢ʲô£ôЩ˶ڸмءĿⶢŻտ˵
ϻǻ飬ǰ鶼ǳ
óԵѯʣϻõҲڳԵԺˣ㲻˵һˣСһʵͦģǰռЩѰӦǽе߸ۼ˴ΧǿĹ˱ǻᾡҲΪˣЩߵŻἫ١
ԭ
ŻȻѹ߶ڻտ˶ΪмԭΪôһ¡
տҲЩ߶ǳӿҼðռ䣬ֻΪ˲һ;߻ͷͼӶ֮ģְˡ
˵ΪʱδԸռеĹ׾ٵġ
ˣԶ˵ҲΪ塣
뵽ռĳǧߣһ;вηΣգĳɾͱȻ˵ⷬΪǸӿѧĹס
ŵˣǲӿߣڽĹżǰ֮ʱٰӿߣտȻǲǣԭһȻŴŽʦҲǳ˲С
֣쿴ǰЩ¥ʱԵĶʩҹ
ջ̧Ŀ⳯ǰȥ۵һƬ಻ĸߴͣЩɽ쳣߰һͬһֻ˯ľڵء
ʮϸߵķ֮ϣһߴĸ¥
ԶЩ¥һһλþһּΪõĸо
ˣǻţʱԵԺϻÿɬ
ǻڣ
üͷһû뵽ǰĻ󣬾Ȼôسǰ
ȻĻڿȥƺǺЩ֮УᵽһŨҵµϢ
ȻһҾ徵ս


224 Թ
Щɽ֮Уꡣ
֣ΪʲôȥǴ˵еԶַȻıȥ˱ɾûˡʩҹڳ󽹼˵Ϊܸܵʲô
ʩԴһǣҺҽеˣóԼ
Ŷ
ʩҹƲƲ죬Ҳûٴųԡ
ǲҲû˼ųȥЦ˵ָָǰߴɽ壬Щɽ¥ȥƺܰбȻŲٵΣգóȻȥпܻᵹùû˸ͷ񡣡
óԵĻϺǧĵ˶ǵͷͬ⡣
Ǿôɵȥ𣿡һʵ
ĿվǰĻտˣҡͷ˵Ȼͷ϶ǻͷȥģǾٵȵȰɡ
ԣ˽ǵͷû˵ʲô
ǰ߼տ˶δҲûдͷȥվںȴ˵ľ
㰲գ˽һͷ
һͷվǰĽһЦǰȻΣ˵㣬ǱȻҪһġΪߣǰˣø˰ɡ
£ٶȴЦһһֱǰһɽӶȥ
θճǰɽϵĸ¥ΧȺһɧ
һεϴռһûټŸȥضŽΡ
Ƕ֪ߴɽ֮ϣȻ˼ΣգҲΪ˵ͷ񣬵һðճԣΪ˵õôҲɵ㶵ظųȥпܻḶǳܲĴۡ
ռнǳһ£Ҳǲȥ׷ʲô½ȳĸ¥õ˺ñҲĽἵʡ
Щ˵տˣȻΪǵľˡ
˵ĵλĿпɲͨͨ
֣ҪҪȥųɽŵĽ˵
ĿҲǶŽΣҡҡͷ𼱣Щɽ͸¥쳣пżΣգٵȵȿɡ
ˣʵǻһ˷ָ֮УѾûʲôˡʱΪӦͷϽװħѾбȫתΪԼʹãڶʣһЩûҪĶϻõͻȻڳԵԺ
ڻڵıǷǳġ
ȻôߵѰǳУֻҪǲƻڵַҲ˵ʲô
ȻҪԭΪԼԵһȺѣҲƬżѰһЩ
ϻõĻüͷ΢΢һ壬ҡͷıȻǼΪһӿǬԪһ𶯣ʣµĶ˵ѾûôЩѰ˵ǼΪصıﰡ
ͱһ׹ʦʦ˵ЩѰʦǿ˵һȺʦһ׹ǳȻǼΪط
ϻҲûٶ˵ʲôֻҪǲƻڵĸֽЩ߰ôھôڣڻʣµĶ˵ֻûҪ
𡭡
ʱǰɽ֮ϣȻһ޺
æ̧ĿȥǼýѳɽţɽ֮Ȼʱǰɫɽʯ棬Ǽһ˸ѪϢѪɫ
Ѫɫһ֣ǼſֲɱϢֱն
͡
ؼʱ̣ɫһݣƷһƬããԪʱ֮ϣڲʱ䣬ƬããԪȻǻһȭͷСϸһͿԷ֣򲢲ʵ塣
䡭
һ֣һײѪɫ֮ϡ
Ѫɫ֮ϵĿֲϢͬײʯͷ㱻ֱȥһ˸ߵѪɫҲǱֱ顣
Ԫʵ
ʦʵ
ѰʦֻԪй̶ȫǿԪ۵ĳ̶ȣΪľŽ۷ʦҲֻܹһۻԪ޷Ԫʵ״̬
Ԫһʵ״̬乥ɱǣͬԪ޵ԪʵԪǰǲһ缦ʯͷһ
ʦʵȫɨκһŽ۷ʦŽ۷ʦʮŽ۷ʦһʦĶ֡
ȻֶεľŽ۷ʦͬˡ
û뵽ΪͻƵʦ֮ʵȻᱩǵ˳̶ȣҲֻоͻƵʦŻĶˡɽ棬⿴ǰĽ̲סҡͷЦ
տЦһڵΪͻƴʦ֮ǰҲ󣬵ͻƵʦӦÿ׷츳ͻƵʦҲỨ̫ʱ䡣εĻĹż֮ж˵ڲĿʼպûĻ˵ʱͻơ
ǾͳлչļˡЦһͻȻһۻտЦչôҸоͻƵʦҲþְ
տһ㶣ҡͷЦֶοɲֹЩҪʤɲס
ΪȻͻƵʦˡ֮Ĳ಻ûС˰
Ե˲֪ΪͻƵ˴ʦʱúֳ߱ԪʵǿֶΣжʱ¶֮ɫǿЦ
һҪӰѾаǧҲ̾һ
һֱ׷Ͻ⣬ǰʵΪϲΪ㻹û׷ϽҲȥԶˣȻ벻ǣڽͬҲڽ
ҸǸеεǣǽһͻƵ˴ʦľ磬һӾͽˡ
ǺǣҲҪԷƱȻͻƵ˴ʦҲֻһŬһѣ˵ʱһһͻƵʦһЦŰο
ԺǧĶЦЦû˵ʲôǵȴǼΪᶨ
Ȼ֪Ҫ׷ϽΪףǱȻǲΪͻƵ˴ʦ־ɶ
Լ˵飬ҲеΪο
һ;ǰŶĸɽжյսЩսʱĵ־ɶ
һɶôߵ֮;Ҫʹսˡ
ء
ʱǰɽ֮ɽʯ֮¶Ȼһֻθߣͨ尵ɫĹֹȫɢŨŨѪɱϢģȴһ˸еļµԹ
ԹԪЩͣ͡
һվֻŴִʯǵֱۡ׼ȷ˵ǲûֱۣǵֱֱֻ׳ĳ档
ֻϵһȻ飬Ƿű顣
һ֣ǳһ
𡭡
ء
£ƬɽͶȻһֻֻ̬һ߲һĹɽʯ֮Щ󣬽ǳź
֮У˳ԹߡɱѪȣǴڤصĶħ


225 
һȥеɽ֮ϣŴֹߵĳɣҲŽ׸ߡִȥЩҲﵽǧ֮ࡣ
Ƭɽ壬ɲǼڿɱ졣
ڣЩɢɱԳԵһȺվɽµˣǾͶ˴ɽĽ
ЩʲôôôĹ
ȻЩﲢûɽµˣǧߣǸеһļ¡
ЩϣᵽŨŨΣϢ
һֻʵҲѰнʦ
˶Ĺ赲ǰܹýĸ¥
£ǿűǰ޷ȥˡ
ˣֹԹܣȫԹ־ϻõڳԺȻƽȻһ֮⡣
ԹܣԹ־üͷ΢ѵǻڵӵԹ־
ϻÿЦһǰǻڵΪ˵ħĹƴսδһ֪һǶս󡣶Ƕַŵ˵ԹԼƴڵ־ۣҲǻһ߾ߵԹܡ
ԭЩԹܣӦûʶİɣԶڻڵĵӸеΪؾ壬ƴսֻΪػţ뵱ŵĵӲҲһ
ϻûشȻûʶأˣҲϣǱЩ߾նɱǴĿģҪɱ࣬Ϊƾǹ־šԣϣܹһѡ
üͷ΢壬Ҳ㣬Ҫ¥ֻǽЩԹȻĻûбİ취ҪֹЩ߽¥Ѱ²һ׵°
ϻó꣬ˣЩԹȻǺʶͬʱڣǶұȻһЩǱʶʶ£ҿȫȥֹЩߡǰЩ߲ƻڵĸֽ
ãҳһ¡Ե˵ͷ
Щһͷ۰ɽǧֻԹȫΪͻƵ˴ʦĲΣҲ̲סЩͷƤ顣
ЩԹܵϣܹܵһɼΪǿɱϢر߳ɣﵽɵԹܣܵŨŨΣζ
ȻֲɵԹܣʵ
ؼǣﵽɵԹܣһֻֻʮֻ
ݣʦҲǲ
·Ļտ˲һĻҲǼΪ𶯣֮࣬ˡ
ЩԹܣǸͺް취ЩԹʵģſнʦĲΣȸ߽ʦԹܣȻǧͲܶԿ
Ĺż֮УǳԵ
ڶ߽ǿЦű֣ȴǲȥȡֱΣҲֻǿЦ
ǿҲǲܳȥˣЩʵ̫ǿȾŽʦľֻƾǵʵȥȻἫ󡣡ԭԣһŽʦ˵
ԭ۾΢΢ţɫΪѻ𣬱ΪλĹż֮лʵӶŵĵλû뵽ոĹżĿĵ֮ǰȴҪֹڴˡ
ôڻǣ˵ǻǿԳȥءϹٺпԭ컳ǵ˵
ϹٺĻԭĿⲻ˸һ¡
ϹٺԣߵʮŽʦԼʮ˽ʦڻȷпܳɽ¥
һ¥ѰñΪôеĵλԻõḶ́˵ѹӶ춨ż̳˵λá
ԱߵһŵӼ״ɫɴ䣬һŽ۷ʦæ˵˷򲻿ɣɽҲþʮְȫǸ¥пҲž޴ΣմڣûǵıɾΣˡ
ˣзִ硣ԭ˰ֹ֣˼˵ȥ
ֻĿУȴŵȴ󲿷˶뿪Ѱɽ
Ȼв֪¥еıˣ¥ջҲǼ
Щ˽׾Žʦû
⻰ɫʱ࣬ϹٺĿ⣬ǳԹϹٺƻ˾
뵽ǰһ֮Ĳ֮£ǿɬΡ
տĿⶢɽԹܣĿ˸һҡҡͷ
εĻĹż֮Ҳǵõ˲ٺôΪѸ٣֪ǲŸոյִĹżĵ㣬Ĺżıɽһ¥֮С
ҪõĹżеıͱȻҪɽɽ¥
ȻΪʵ˵ãǽȴʦ̫⡣ɽʮֻȴʦεԹܣûһ˿ա
֮£ҲһҲеΪľֹεĻĹż֮С
뵽Լһ֮ŮۿžҪִĿĵأȴΪΣնҪֹıʢ
û취ǰΣոͲֿܵһζسȥΪ
λһ취ôҼεĻĹż֮С˶ȴ֮ʣһ֣صȻȺ
˵Ŀǳźȥ
ǱǼ
ԣа취ǳ嵽ɽ¥ұ
ôܣΪͻƵ˴ʦƾʲô
ǣа취Ļֺα˵Լ͵͵ؽȥǸãҪȥֱ
˼˵ǳԣƲƲ죬Եزš
Ҫɽ¥İ취ֻһǾɽǧֻԹܣЩԹܸͲܶԸտ˶ûһ취ƾʲô
տԵĻʱҲʶת򳽻ԣ˵˾ȻǳʱҲǲɵøֳһĨʧ֮ɫ
Ȼ֮ҲóжԸЩԹܵİ취
ݡ
ɽĽǲʮֻʵԹܶţһɽտԣǵĻĹż֮УҪˣЩԹʵʵ̫ǿˣʵҵľȻʮֻ
֮УҲǳŨŨıΡ
֣Ǹ˵а취ǽ¥ءһЦ˵
ֻ֮Уȴһ˿ζ
ȻҲųԡ
Ƴһ۲ԶĳԣҡҡͷҿԸܵЩѰӦģֻܸܵɱѪԼŨԹȻһͼɽ¥ЩƱػǷѪȰĹ˿֡£Ǹûа취¥иڳǽЩȫնɱ
˵꣬أԵؽҡͷΪߵģҲոͻƵһ״ʦû취Ըɽǧֻ
Ĺżһǲף󻹻᲻ٳ˵ȥԶṳ̂˵ˡ


226 Թ
Цһ׼뿪Ѱҳ뿪Ĺż
ּʲôҲû취ˣǺβǳ׼ô졣סٺһЦĿת򳽻ԣԣҪεĻĹż֮УǾͿ϶ҪЩɽ壬¥֮УҲ֪ЩﵲǸ޷ɽ˵˵ʲô취ɽ
һʣ˵ĿҲٶȾۼԵϣȻǲûб̫ϣ
Ǻǣ취У֮ǰλҪӦһ¡ЦŻӦûΪǲŵ۹˿⡣
һЦа취ɽǴӦһֺηҿɲϣ˶ΪѣȻĻԸλĹż֮С
ЦͬΪӿߣȻǲΪѡǴӦҵ£ҪΥȥʲô£ϣڴҽ뵽¥֮к󣬲Ҫƻκνʩֻ赥ѰＴɡ
ǺǣǵĿҲֻѰұѰΪ˭Ա˳ȥƻĽЦһ˵˵ʱ֣صԽԽ뿴Ծǲа취ǳɽ¥
ԴˣտǳĬûб̬
ǣû顣
˵ǽĹżΪѰһʵôȥƻĽ
״Ե˵ͷϻãǽͽˡ
ţ˷ġռеϻõͷˣߵɽȥɣҪЩԹܽн
˵ʲôߵɽȥ⻰ԶʱеͷƤһ顣
ﰵп࣬ϻã㲻ڿЦɣ
ֱߵɽ»ֱӱԹܸˣԳڵʵ֣ҲͿֲΣҪԸɽϵЩԹܣʵݺ
ˣҵ˼ˣֲȥЩԹӲİɣֻҪ㵽ɽϣȻа취ԸЩԹܡ
Ǻðɡ˵ˣҲЩԹܴܵģҿɲǵĶ֡˵꣬αһǰɽӶȥ
ٶȲ죬ֻǿѰ߽ʦΡ
ˣ˼ľٶȻǵɴ۾ϺԵˣɫ䡣
ҿȥǧóʧϼеشһ
ԺǧĶصͷ˸ųԳȥ
š
ȻǸҪ֮ʣȴǱվǰŷѩҲصģѵǻ˽⳽ʲôʱûյ飿Ȼ˵а취ôɽ¥Ȼа취ԸЩҪųԡ
ǡЩǿ󰡣ǶǺʶģһɽԼпܻᱻֱӹġЩĵ˵
ҲǰЩʵǿҲˣͻƵ˴ʦĽû취ȳԹȥǵڻȥ¾ͻˡ
ʩ΢ɣǿڵҶų԰ɣȻѡ˹ȥǱȻļƻóȻȥ˵鷳Ǵļƻ
ԣ˶ʱĬǲ˵֮ɫ
ŷѩһʩĿɫһţڵǰھͰĵؿɣֶ˵ãЩﲻþܹ˺˳ԡ
ǳԻȻһֱɽȥⲻΪҵҪαЩ˺ɷġԭԶɽʱл
пϹٺҲվֱӣһ˫ֱ㶵ضųɽĳԣ΢΢һ£һֽ̬˷֮ɫӻԾɱɱһҪСʬΡ
˵֮䣬һ˫ֽץԭֱۣΪָ̫׼Ҫ
㡣ֱ۴ĴʹԭŭһһĿϹٺơ
Ϲٺȴǻδֻ۾ųԣأ˵˵Щ᲻ѳʬΣ
Ϲٺ˵𳽻ԣԭҲٰ·ϣЦʬΣǿ϶ģҾЩ᲻ֱһڰѳԸԵˣ
ԭشϹٺϵ˷֮ɫŨ
վǰĻտˣһٶҲ΢΢һ£ҡͷ̾һ￴Լļ󰡣ȻóȻɽ壬ϣֶΰ
Գɽ壬ûȥԸԹܣûֶΣһ嵽ɽȻᱻԹܸһΡ
ЩԹܾͻƵ˴ʦǿߣȥ̫ǣǱƵȥû뵽ԲȡĽѵٶȳɽ壬ΪԼǰǲǸ߿ǰˡ
տˣ֮ҲǸֳһĨ֮ɫ
ϻã㵽׿ףٲĻЩԹܿҪֱӶҳˡԿǴɽţִɽ
ԽɽԽܹܵЩԹܶĿ⡣
Ŀоһ㣬ΪزоЩԹʱĹơ
һԹܶй޷еֵֻ÷ӡܡ
Ǻǣ˲صģҵġϻڳԵԺЦ˵
͡
Ȼ䣬һɹŨӳԵбŷտʼַΧ󣬵Ϣ֮䣬ͬһ㣬Ƭɽ御ڡ
ǧֻԹܣҲһֻر֡
һĻɽµȺʱɧΪǷ֣ɢŨ֮ǰռŨȻһģһ
ŨǰռеŨ𣿳ôҲʩչɴ۾˵
Ҳͬüͷ뵽һֿܣȴû˵
տһ£Ŀ֮ӿֳһĨŨŨ𶯣ôܣռеŨȻǱˣ
չ˵ʲôռеŨ֮ԻɢȻ£ǱԸյģӵɵøǰǴռʱԼЩĥؽƣֱռеŨʧǲŵԴ
ǵʱΪЩŨ֮ԻʧΪط£ΪȻڿʵ벢һ°
ǺǣҲϣҵĲǴģŨĵȷȷռеһʮа˾žǱԸˡտЦȻӿߣյռеŨȴǾ˰
տδѹƣ߽ܵ£ǵ֮ϣʱӿֳһĨŨŨ𶯣ǰɽĿ⣬ǳһŵɫʡ
ʵû뵽ոﻹ㲻ʲô꣬Ȼգۼͳ˵ľˡ
ҵĲǶԵİʩǰɽŨĿ΢΢˸һ£Ц
վԱߵĿԵˣ𾪣𾪹ǱޱȵؿԷ̾Ҳ̫ţˣȻռŨܹȫգһոԼʹãֶΣҵĸ׶޷쵽


227 ɹ
ǲ֪һ﾿Ǹʲô̥ǧҲЦ
ŷѩҲһԺ˵ԲʩչβͬѰֶΣһ顣
ʩչֶΣϵĵ֮ɫҲɢ
ְ֣һΪ˿ԪϵͱȻѹһǽԶԶ˦档һֶθİҵǰųֹһεĿԪ壬ֶ˵ʸǲֵһᰡ
վԱҲǿЦһĿٶȼᶨҲġ
ܡСӿ϶òռŨģȻʵôܹյռŨأҾܹƿƬŨʲô취ƬŨ֮ûûа취ԸЩ˵ھѾЩ˺˷顣
ȺУϹٺһڲʵŵ
һԵԭͬĲԹɫʣһˣΪƬŨܶԸЩٺ٣ҴᵹҪȵġ
뵽ԴȣԭвɿԷЦ
ϻãŪЩŨʲôѵЩŨܹԸԹܣվΣɻʵ
ϻЦһЩŨȻǲܶԸԹܡ֮ŪЩŨΪĿñ˿淢ʲô
ԭ
ԶʱȻֽʵʲô취ԸЩԹܣ
ǺǣҲ˵ǶԸֻϣǰس˯ڻڵصףֻڻΣ֮ʱǷų֡ڻѾǱţԺؽڣ֪Ҫȶءϻø̾һ
üͷһ뵽ʲôʵЩԹܣ
Ǵߡ
ϻôЦһһŨŨгԳԵд
һֺгζ
ҳζһ˿˵⾳
ɽµɫʱǱΪԳ嵽ɽ󣬱ȻᱻԹܸɱû뵽ûɱԸ߸裬һĸо
ţ˵ɫɵñùŹ΢µùʲôһͦˣ˸е˯

˵Ժвɵð
û뵽ֻᳪָ⡣һԹŹֵЦ
ϵҲҡͷЦָȻŴߵĹܣ˵Ӱ첢
ƺǳŷѩüͷȴ΢΢ͻȻ䣬뵽ڳԵƺһظ֣֮ǰǧڼ䣬ظ־;ȹԵ
ѵظֳģŷѩֹһҲδϸϸȥ룬ƺзԸЩء
տҲһľ죬ǲδ˵ʲôǰŨ֮дĸ
ԭϹٺˣƲƲ죬ǿԲܿһ״ߵĸܹԸЩԹܡ
Ũ֮УƮƮһܴܵĴӳƮɽǧֻԹܡ
ǧֻϳŨŨѪɱϢԹܣָϵԹȻǻƽϢ
˯һ㣬˸о˿
ǧֻԹվͬһʯˣû˿ǰʶЩԹܵĿֲֶΣԶΪЩԹʯˡ
һĻҲΪϻҪͷųˣʱԹܣԹɢͬʯվ˵Ǻ޹һЩ߳ǲԹܽйЩԹƱػᱻɽ
ͬؼȻϸϸȥ˳еĸо
Ȼҵľһ˿ܹ֮ܵʱеľ·ھһϴӣԽӵشۻ룬Լ֮䣬Ȼٶ˲٣ﵽ׺ʦĲΡ
ջҲóá
ĸУԸоԼĸ֪ſ쿪ȥռееĹ켣ܹظܵ
ԹҲһֻֻӡԺԹܣȻһ֪ܳ˾
ǧ߰ʮֻ
ֻһ֪Ա㽫Թ֪ܵ˳ظܵÿһֻԹǿ
ָ֪֮£ԵľøΪеѪƣҲԽʵ
ŸԽ·ϸˣҲһ㱣Ȼǲδܵߣ΢΢۾ϸ
ΪǷ֣֮ʱǼľȻš
رǻտλʦȫ۾һƬͣȫһ㵭׹֡
ȺһȻȫϼһˣȺҲûκζҲãҾͳᣬɽʱ¥ıҾȵõһõҵΪпֱܻͻƵʦʱһóܡ
˶ھʱȺͻȻֳһӰӰһ׺ۣһΨ¶˫ۣɽԵĿ⣬֮ɫ
ݡ
һ̣Ӱͬһ㶸Ȼһɽȥٶ֮죬ǲڵʩԵ
⶯ûκ˷֡
סȻһǰռ䣬˲ٶ츳ǲôû¾ǰ¥أû֣ϻðѿƬռ䣬ȻǷ⴩źӰĶ
ϻòûȥᣬеԹȫߺеĸ¥ǻ˿š
ֻҪǲƻ¥С
˯ɣҵĺǣǵ־ѾõŵϿɣƣ˾ͺúϢΣգΪڴ֮ңһʱǡϻصҲǴδŨŨ֮л졣
¡¡
£ͬʯ˵һԹܣǽº¡һѿһ϶ǵֱӳŷ϶֮ȥ
̶̲Ϣ֮䣬ǧԹܣǾʧŨ֮С
֮ϵķ϶Ҳǻ£
⴦ɽͺǴûֹԹһ㡣
ʧ˰
ԼЩԹܾصصףҲ˿
Ǻǣл˳ȫ
ϻýЩԹŪصصףҲͬ˲٣ųԹ˵
ԵûʲôлģҲûаʲô
ϻЦһû˵ʲôԳԵӡȴǺ࣬ؽԵ˿
¶ڳ˵ʲô˵ȴ弫
ˣû´Ļոʩչģ֮ˣֶһ㶼ʦӵаʦ¼ûܹܹӦǷڸİɣϻĸ𾪵صȻ֮ɷڵģܹ֮츳ҲǼΪˡ
ȻΪĻǷĹ͡
ȻƾʦΪ֮


228 ɱ˸
һ㣬붼ûȥ롣
ȻʱЦȴ͡ϻãΪûȵһʱһ㴫˶ô֮ȻûʱҺҴڸȫںҸ㣬֮ȫģ˵ڣָһ䶼ûС
ʲʲô֮Լ򣬶㴫ڵģ
⻰ϻǵЦɫʱþϵϲ˾벻ţôܣ˵ǰ߸ˣǵ˵ʦ֮İʦʱܹ߸磿
ǵģⷽ棬ѾԽǰˡЦŵͷڳҲǸеΪο뽾
񣬹Ȼûˡ
Ժ񶷿ռΪʱɴδŶ̶һ£Ծд˳ɾ͡
ܹңҲϻõĸ
ϻƽе𾪡
ȻĿһˣҼոʩչ֮ʱ֪Ȼǿ࣬Ըܵռȴһ˿ܲٿأʩչһθΡ
ʩչһΣɻ
ЦˣϻΪԶŹ֮飬ѿس̶Ⱦ۷ʦԱȽϣʩչ֮˵ϻñָ㼸¡Ȼܹ٣ҪԼ
ȻǾϻöָˡ
Ծϲ˵
˵ϻõˣϻյֶΣܹױȽϵģЩίʵǸöϻ̡
ָ㲻˵ҪˡϻЦŵ
ԵͷҲٶ˵ľӶϸĸ״ռе켣˲Ժ
ʩչ֮ԵΪϰߣ޷ڶʱ佫֪䵽ɽ塣
ϻüһĻҲ΢΢һЦȻǿóһ㡣

£һɸΪŨİӳɢ
ɰһ֣ͽԵľ
ܹܵԼľ·ǽĸ׵Ļůĸо˲ӿ
ůо֮£Եľ֪Ѹڣ˷俪ȥ
ǰʩչ֮ʱֻܹһɽķΧȻ˿̽˲ʱ䣬ǽɽ御֪
ռɽµص׵ʯĲƣܹظܳ
ңܹ֪ķΧ𽥷Ŵ
ʮɽ塢ʮɽ塭
ԼĪһӺʮɽ壬ȫ˳ԵԺС
رǣԶؼԪ֪ΪоԼֻҪһͷƬеΪԼá
ףɽɽȻˣ
ͻأ֮䣬Էһɽ֮ϣȻһź۵Ӱϡ
ӰϢȻޣȻǸܵǿľŽ۷ʦϢнסɻνĹżľŽ۷ʦȴûź۵ˡ
ϢôоôϤ
üͷͻȻһһŨҵɱϢȻɢȻϹٽǸһȻš
ãǸ¥¥ˣ˵ֻʲôֶߡдвãʱϹٽɽֻ׾롣
ףھŽ۷ʦ˵ֻ¡

ţҲǱӶͬһʱ䣬ԵҲǱסԸٶϹٽ
ݡ
ڳҪϹٽ֮ʱϹٽܵԪȻһֹ̬˲ٿص״̬£ѹ
ţ
ź۵ϹٽһĻüͷʱһ壬һ֣Ԫȥ
Ȼһ̣Ϊ͵Ԫȴǲϴ˷䳯ûһܿķ
ϹٽʱͷĪ
ʱ۽ҲǿںһӰ
ˣ
ϹٽܿͷǵӰǳԣüͷʱĸ

ϹٽʵǿЩԪ޷϶ԣܲáȻȥ˲ٹȻŸԪϡ
ΪǿȻﵽŽ۷ʦⷬԪδκ˺ȴҲǳɽȥӲ
ЩԪȻĪعңһͷļϹٽŭһЩԪȻ󣬵ȴǳϣѰʦϾƣӦԴ
ͻȻϹٽĿһԱΪǿ϶ҲǿЩȻܴˣʱ˵һһٽɱ
ͷϹٽжʱŷ˷ܵĹâ
ûټɽȥǸɴͣΣһӦΧԪһߵȴųԳ׷
ЩԪγֵģѹûȥǹΪûЩԪǳʩչġ
Ƭ̣ԵӰǳϹٽǰ⡣
Ϲٽû뵽ȻšͣΣϹٽɱ˸
Ҳûȥ룬ϹٽΪͣ
ϹٽЦһһռ仹ҪϹٽϹٽøռ˲ٶΪֻһʦ⡭ȫǰͰ
˵ҾȹϲˡΪ֮ҲźȥǸĵܵܰɣȻ
ϹٽЦɱңΪδͻʱûɱңҾŽ۷ȻͼɱңǸܵܣ֪ڵĳɾͣҲеοġΪ㣬ҲұǻɱΪٽ¥ѰһͻƴʦóȥƱػһὫŷҵɾʱҲð
ǺǣҵȷǺ֮ǰȷɱң˵֮䣬Բм
ͬʱһ쳣ӴϢҲǴɢ
Ž۷壡
ϹٽľŽ۷塣
ôܣΪôôǿʩչطҲôǿһΪ¶ϹٽʱһƬκˡ
Ϊ㳽ʩչطƾԼڵʵҲնɱԣȴϵطȻҲüΪǿʩչ˿Լ
£û취ƾԼʵɱԡ
ǺǣΪ㻹ɱ𣿡ԵĮЦš
Ϲٽ΢УЦɱΣԺеǻᡣҲΣ㲻ʩչطʵȻҸ㣬ҵĻᶼûС
ĿϹٽһɨЦ˵ЩԪ𣿡
ԪԶŴ̺Ī£Ȼ˲٣ҲǴֿܹ⹥ԴԴϣͨԪǰңϹٽЦԱȻΪԭ쳣Ρ
ܿͲһ˿Ծ
Цֹ£ϹٽԴɻسųȥǼ΢΢ǼעԼ


229 նɱϹٽ
ӾͺڹۿһСıݡ
ôϹٽʱ
ݡ
Ǽһ֣еΪͷ۵ԪȻ쳣أɢȥ
ܱǸЩԪʩչģĿֻΪ˰һЩСֶΰˣɲʲôԶŴԵЦһϹٽȥɱⰻȻ
⡭ôܣԪ̺ܣѰңѰܹʩչóԪ಻ĹͺƬصԪȫٿһ㡣Ϲٽޱȵ𾪡
ͻȻһеͷӿ
ѵǴ˵е֮ϹٽȻǵãԼһżļأԺʱһƬҡ
ǿֻǿߣܹյֶΰ
ôգ
ϲ㣬ˡԽҴһõЦ
Ϲٽһƾ㣿ʩչطҲǿȾŽ۷ʦҸǻʵľŽ۷ʦɱҿɲþôס
û뵽һﾹȻޣԭһΪ츳ۻ軨ˡӡУϻøո÷ĽҲ֪Ϲٽ볽֮ĶԹ
£ϹٽҲǳɱ⣬ˣôɱϹٽ
ȻŸ¥еıͻΪҾ¥ص֮¡
Ҿһ֮صǧߡϻĿһ
صǧߣ
ҲǱָס뵽ϻõһЩֶΣʱٻɣֱϹٽϹٽҾ¥صǧߡ
֮䣬ϢٶڿϹٽȫѹס
صǧߣҿǷˡϹٽüͷһЦ
ݡ
ֻЦαˣŸ¥ȥ
ܣ
ƸձѹסϹٽоʹвáȻ˵Ų³ԣüƻһʵԼܱȣ͵һʱ롣
ӣɡ
ˡ
ųԻ£һ׹ʱڷ㽫ӶϹٽס
˲Ϲٽ޷
оԼԵĲܣܶԿ
ôܣ
ΣͷϮϹٽһƬȻ־塣
¡¡
һ̣ŵµɽʯֱ˺ѿǳѷȥ
Ҳģ
һʵʱѷд쳹ɽ
ĮȻؿһУĿû˿
һٰҪصĳУǱƾŷϻõֶΣѹ
ھԵǿʵǰϹٽΪľŽ۷ʦʵͬǣһ
ʵӵµһʵɱһϹٽҪͼݷϻãһָֻͷͿԨǿƽһеͬʱҲ˶ʵǿҿ
㱼䣬һĿꡣ
µһ
ݡ
һݣص棬տǰЩѾȫŲٳˡǿҪǵôӦҵ£ƻκνʩȻĻҿɲұ֤Щ᲻ٶȳ֡
ĽˣôܣЩԹƺʧˣȥˣóƮƮһ仰˶ǵԭأտҲ⾪Ŀ֮г˲˼顣
߶ĴڸոŨɢ֮ʱһֻԹܶû㳽ԽȫɱˣҲиʬɣʬ嶼ûС
ˣЩȫصص׳˯ˡ
һȺ֮֮ǰԡ߸֪ͼԹܣʱΪԲܳɹȡ裬ڵĽǵһơ
ΪԳɹˣѴֻ֮״߸ͽЩԹܸɹߣصص׳˯
Ϊ𾪵ģվڻտԵĽЩԹܽӴ֪ԹܵǿȻЩǿԹܣȴǱ׽
֮ǰ˵ԲܶԸ˳ԣڵĽеӿһĸо
˶ڳҲǶһָмϾǰǽǰѣ¸ǵϣ
εĻĹż֮УûгԣǿҪʹֹˡ
ûгԣĻĹż֮вֹռ֮ʱҪֹˡ
ԣǰҽСˡ
ҲһԼˣʱԼȷǿ˳ԣ֮ǰƲߣû̫ԥֱӵǸ
ҲǴЦһҲǿ˰û뵽־ȻֶΣ
տͬ΢΢˵ͷʾͬ
ܹõͬ˲࣬˿ȴǶ˳һ
ΧһߣҲǴ̾
СôôˡϹٺɫѿص
ԭҲһ˹ʺˣȻĽЩˣЩﲢûбôֲȻôױԸߡ
ԺлˣһҪɱ˳ԡϹٺԭĻ˵ͬʱĲشȥΪˡ
ԭ챻СҲӿһа𣬺ݺݵϹٺβץһѣİɣԺлҿ϶ὫСǧС
ڳԭҲǺ֮ǣһлȻǲŹԡ
ǲҪѡһõĸ¥Ȼɽ¥ѰұԭĻشϹٺϲ˵
ǰɽ಻һǧ׵ɽ֮ϣ͸ŻĹϢĸ¥
Щ¥һ˶С߰һ
ȻıȻҲǲͬ
ԭҪͷشԱߵŽ۷ʦ˵ڻٵȵȿɣȻɽЩﲻˣɽ֮˵Σء
ιҪѰұȴģѵϣѰñʵĺڣϹٺʱ
ԭϹٺĻĿҲǳŽ۷ʦ˹ȥ
߼ԭĿ⣬һ⣬æ¹򣺡ˡ¶Ĺ
ˣҲû˼ɽϼȻѾûЩҿǻѡһĸ¥ȥɣȻ˳ȥˣǿɾ̲ʲôôˡԭ쵭˵
ǣһ£ûٸҷԡ
ߡ
£ԭǴŵʮӣΧڶ۹⣬ߵһɽӶȥ
ȺŵӣȻô졣
˼һĻʱŭ
ģȴ΢΢ؼ¥ֻܹһ˶ȴǳǧҪ̵ôͱҪԸٶȳ¥С
֣ȻɽѾû˹вھͳɽϵĸ¥ΣЦ˵
ڳԣҲرÿࡣ
Ҳ˵ǰ֮ԽĹżΪѰΪŵ˶ˣĿ껹ǳǶ¥ҿöΪżء


230 ұߵĸ¥
ǺǣλɣһҵĻһжЦ˵
ڳ䣬ԺͻȻϻõˣЩ¥Խ󣬾ͱʾǰסԽߡݸߵˣǿ϶ǲռʲô͵εıֻЩԴε˲ŻռеĺñǱҾʹ˰һЩСﶼûʲôˣʣһЩ
˼˵һ¥ԽķԽ٣ûбԽ۵ģ汦Խࣿɫ˵
ǺǣˡϻЦ
õϻõĿ϶𸴣ԵɫʱùŹ̧ͷǲһСǰ¥ôˣвɵøֳһĨ֮ɫ
Ϊż¥˵һ¥
ȻˣǾȸˡЦЦųԱ˱ȭ
տҲ΢΢ʾ⣬˱תǰ¥ȥ
λҵĻͲҪѡȥߴĸ¥ûǽĿڽСĸ¥ϣ˵ǵջ󡣡Ծ΢뵽տ˵Ķϡ
Եνһͷ۳ԡ
Ȼɻ󣬵ص˵ͷδ˵ʲôȴһĨм֮ɫ
˽ѡһСĸ¥ٵطɱȥ
Χ߼˳¥Ҳûмͣ׷ѡ¥ٵسȥвɻտΪҪѡСĸ¥ڳ߾ҲǽĿڽСĸ¥ϡ
Ȼ󲿷߻Ƿ׷׳Ÿߴĸ¥ȥ
֣ڶʼŸ¥ȥˣҪҪҲԵߵ
ʩҹͻȻ֣ȻŶԸЩķ㲻ӦھóӦõ˶뿪֮óԸЩһеıɶǹ˰
ʩҹֵܣѵ˽⳽ɲСˡһЦ
ŷѩҲǳʩҹ˸۵ҶӿߣʲôôȻǴһãȻĻԺЩŵʲô𣿶ңıȻ࣬ҲŸΣգЩƣӦ
Ǻǣüƽ˭ܵõô˭ĻԵҿû̫ĹϵҶֻǰ˴һæˡ԰˰֣Ժǧĵ˵¥ڶ࣬һҽҷֿǾΣ
ֿԣҿǻǸһɣҲ໥иӦڵ
˵ɽԹܱˣɽϻǸ¥У˵ҲżΣգЩΣǲ̫ģΪû˱ǻΪΣա
ǧԵĻҲͷ
ǺǣǲصңҵΪȻûǸߣֶΣǿɲþܹȵҰЦһλĹż֮У˵һѵõĻᣬҲϣΪ˱Ҷ֮˷ѡ
ԣҸ߰ɡʩ˵
ҡͷ㣬ҲǴҷֿжεĻĹż֮еȷһѵõĻᣬ¸ǵΪؼĵطϣܹȫĵͶȥҪΪҶ󡣲ȻĻҿǲԭԼ
ǡ
ˣҪʲôǵˣѶȫֿҺͿŷҵڶӵΪһ飬Ǿзɡ
ðɡ
ӳԵУҲǸܵļᶨ֮⣬Ҳûٶ˵Ӧ
Եͷ˵Ǽסˣѡ¥ҪѡСһģܾãԽСĸ¥ıͻԽࡣ
Сһĸ¥
ó⻰˶ʱɻ󣬲ת˲ǱǰĻտˣѡ˽Сĸ¥
ҲǳԵ顣
˶ǵͷû顣
̶ɵ˳һ֣һС¥ȥ
ǧĻĹȵˣʩһ𣬳һС¥ȥ
ȥǰʩҲϸϸض˳Լ䡣
ԣҲɣ˫ȥŷѩһѯʵ
ԵͷҪѡ¥֮ʱϻõȴԺˣұߵһ¥ЩĶ
ұߵĸ¥
Ŀ⳯ϻ˵ĸ¥ȥĿʱΪǴ¥и¥֮УΪưܵһĸ¥Ųٵ߳ȥΨһ¥ûһ˽֮Ŀꡣ
ãҾġ
ûжԥֱӴӦܱߵŷ˵ɽ˵ҲǱΣգ鷳ȽռָɣɽûΣգٷǳ
ó⻰˵˲ɵЩΣҲδ飬ΪռȻ٣ϸʲôΣգҲɲó׸鷳
£Աǽŷѩڵˣ뵽˿ռָС
ɽ֮£ֻʣһˡ
ݡ
ûԥֱʩչݣż棬̤ݣٱɽ塣
ѡɽ岢ߴֻвһǧ׸ߣ̶̲ʱ䣬ɽ֮ϡ
ýˣܹۿǶϻ˵ĸ¥
¥ɣΪ㣬濴¥ƾɰ߲ڵһ֮ϣһңҼΪãּģ壬Ѱ˾޷塣
Ǹ󣿡
̧ͷңԵģּȴǿϳֵ֣Բɵ΢΢硣
ܿ죬ԵüͷΪ¥֮УᵽһŨŨ
ڣ𽥲뵽¥һ¥֮⣬ûзκΣա
ˣȽȥƣҺŵһ˿ζ֪ҵĲǲȷġڳԸմ㽫ŷӵܷų֮ʱԺͻȻ˷һصζ
ԣҲеĴ㣬ʱδŷӵܷųǻһ쾫ɵĴš
Ȼɾ죬ʱĸʴԵƾɰ߲ǳԳţʶΪһ
¡
ȥ΢һűǳ߳

һŨŨʱóΪ֮һͣæתصֵסŨŨ
ھƿشﵽϽ׶ΣҲ޷мܡ
ݡ
Сģ
ʱһȻڴҵΣϢʹóȫëȻ
ʱ򳽻ԷһִԼסˡ
ĴԱеظܵԼ·ŨŨΣϢȫë
壡
ûƬ̳ɣ˲к壬ǿϢʱڴϢ˿ʩǵȾŽ۷ʦֻһ̤ʦ硣

֮󣬳Եȫ£ʱӿֳһƬŨŨ׹⣬˫֮ϸǽ֯һɴĿİ׹⣬ǰȥ

һʹóԵŶΪ֮ݺһŲ⾫죬ѰԻĳ֮±м


231 
ʱǷڣǰվͷ͸ףͨѪɫι
ѪɫƬÿһƬаƴС˸Źĺ⡣ǵ˫˫ţǱѰҪ׳̲ſֲ
ǵ˫֮У˸ŨŨѪ׹⡣
ѪϢѰ޶޷ӵС
ɢϢȫǲȳ
Ҳ˵ǰֻκһֻʵȳֻһʦء
ϻã㿴ѡĺõطζԸֻ
ŷѩ˾뵽˿ռָ֮УǲȻпܻһЩûҪ
ˣԭǻѰҰޣˣҲû뵽ȥǾȻţҺ񻹷˱졣ϻЩ޹˵ͬû뵽ﾹȻǰҰޡ
ʱϸ̽һҲ˵ˣЩҰ޵ȷǾ˱죬ȴѰı죬İħϢ¥֮еƺҲǻİħϢΪʱ̫ת䣬
ô˵ЩҲɰħˣüͷһ
ҡͷҲ˵Ǳɰħˣֻǵ̲һ˿ħϢˡãûаħϢҶԸȽ鷳ڡҿǵĿǰȻһЦ
һ̣һŨİ׹ⶸȻԳԵĶͷӿֶͬϹǰֻӻԾȥ
𡭡
ֻᵽΣյϢɵôųų
ʵ
ֻ˼ǰ֮ʱһŨŨİ׹ʱǸס
׹ͬһ㣬ֻкþȫҲ˿Ѳá
͡
׹֮Уһɢ
𡭡
Ȼ䣬ڰ׹дһʹĺУ
ʱˣھһּΪʹ顣
ڸʹĺУɵѯʵ
ȻһЦ̲ŲٵİħϢȻҪ֮ճˣȻɾ˷ˡ

⻰ԶʱԶԡ
Ҳֻз˵⻰ˣѰħϢͬһжԶܶԶ㾹ֱա
䡭
Ȼ䣬ϵϢٶһ
ϢǳԽʩһ׶Σﵽ˿Ρ
ֻҪһ˿һȫ̤ʦײ㡣
ͻˣϢٶǣʵ
ЦǰֻħΪѾָ߽۷ʦЩħϢҵһͻƵ˰˽ʦ
ԣҲһϲ
ϲͬʱҲǾʱ䣬ԼҲҪӴˡ
ϣԼ֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽ
ˣ㳢һ£ֻܲܿҰޡ
ʱеʱڳԵԺֻҰǰֻѰҰޣޣ꼫㿴ܲľͨǵľӶпơ
ǵꣿд󺧡
꣬Ǿʦӵеֶΰ
ϸ룬ԼڶԾĿƣҲֻһͿԴﵽ񾳽磬ֻԼδӴ˲ųٳٲͻơ
£ʵһΪĻᡣ
͡
ˣԺоһľϸ谭͸ֻ˵Ķͷ
һ˿ɫŶʱڳԵע֮£żСָֻͷǰɢһɵľ񲨶
˵ꡣ
ơơ
Եľͬһžһ㣬˵ΰɢϸĵƿÿһ˿ľ
ľ͸˵֮УһСľͻ˵ɾ޴ˣһ
ֻȻǲߣ겻ǿǿҵǱʶ걻һ͸ʶرǽΪǿҵĿܡ
Դ״ҲЩ֣ϾǿнпƵĻȻ˵ɼˡ
ˣҪɹס˵꣬ͱҪǿн־ȫںϣľ׳ֻǳɹؿס˵ꡣڳԵԺ˵
һͷٶȼӴ͸ھ֮Уǿйһֿ֮
ϢͷƵ䣬峼
ȻѰ˸ɲ˿Ӱ죬˿ȴֱӽ뵽˵ꡣ
¡¡
ʱ䣬ǱʶĿܣȫɢǿʼӭ
Եľ谭أǳ뵽˵֮С
־˲ںһ𣬶ڳԵľ֮УһɺƵ˵ɾȫȫس
ݼ񣡡
һֻ̣ߴֱ˫ϥڵأųȥз˵˶Ĥ
֮УһŨŨζͺ˰ݼһ㡣
ɹˣ
һĻжʱӿֳŨŨϲɫ̲סڶԾƿأǲѾﵽ񾳽ˣ
ˣȻסֻˣǳΪ裬ɲǱʾԾƿأʹﵽ񾳽Ŷ
ռУЦֻ˵ǿȣֻ൱ѰҰޡܹ֮֮ãҲֻΪΪǱŰħϢŵǴ˴֮ܿǣʹԾƿشﵽ˿񾳽硣
ǡƿ޵꣬ʹԾĲٿس̶ȣﵽ˿񾳽𣿡ɻʵ
Цŷʵˡ֪ƿصˣǲأ

ԶʱЩΣֻȻſȾŽ۷ʦʵֻһ̤ʦҲ൱ޣǵ꣬ĵȷȷ̫˵ˣͽ׵Ԫ޶Ǳ֮ϡ
Ҫʲôʱܹﵽ񾳽أƵʵ
ЦҪﵽ񾳽磬ȻҪԾĲٿس̶ȡѾܹѰҰˣò˶ãǿԳԿޡһɹԾĲٿس̶ȣȻӶһٴﵽ񾳽硣
ԣҲЦһûٶʡֻУȴǶһڴ
ԾĲٿشﵽ񾳽磬˴Կޣһݡ
ʦ
ˣȲ̽һ¥ɡ˵ܾ¥ЩͬѰ֪ǲǻʲô
ԵͷǰֻӡС
ӵֻΪ裬ߵʵȫ̶Ҳ֮١
˺󣬳۲¥ĵһ㡣
۲벻۲첢ûʲôΪһȥ¥ĵһͬһ㣬ۻ֮
һĻԲɵø̾ǳսΪҰ
ʱϻ˸е𣺡ˣǻڼ˱ű֮밵ħսѪȵĳͬ˼


232 Ԫ
⻰ȴû˵ʲô
Ȼ밵ħսֳҲֻ˼ݡ
ٶȴܣȷûʲôɿ֮ǽĿͶ˰Ľݡ
ҲǼΪƣ֪δ죬ֻмһЩˣ߻νš
ֱ϶¥ɡ
£ûٹͣŲ΢٣ֱӱݣżһ㣬ֱȥ
˶¥ԶʱֶĿһµĸоΧʲô棬Ҳûۻ֮ǸִСһķ䡣
ֻǽ֮ϣȴΪ࣬ٵطʰ֮ɫ
Բ²⣬⼫пܾǻڵӵѪѪʱ䣬ҲǱɫ˰ɫ
ˣħɱ֮󣬱ǻὫʬɵ㶥ֻܹմȾǽڵϵѪǵʬ˵
밵ħ򽻵ʱ伫ڰħһЩϰΪ
Ե˵ͷûȥ⣬˵̽һ£ڶûʲôΣա
Ѿ̽ˣﲢûΣա˵
ԣҲ˿ȻûΣգôҲÿܲѰҵˡ
Լһ䷿ųҲûгɣֱ˹ȥ
򵥣ȫȻһѰӵסʱ䣬ⷿоû˿Ļҳ
ͻȻĿ齱ϵһСƿǰСƿӸ
ؽƿƿһɵʱ볽ԵıǿףóԾΪ֮һ
ԽƿһʱһԲĺɫġ
ŵ裬Եüͷ
ʲô̺ͦǿİԾص
ˣԪǰҲһͦĵҩ֪ûСֵҩǵʦµ߷ˣΪٿһȽףڹȥ֮ãҩЧѾǰٲһöܹΪܵ
ЦЦȻпϧҲû̫⣬㹻İ𵤣õԪ˵Ԫнʦϵ߶ûôˡҲûϵʩΪһʦÿԸãΪܷ
˵ţŵҩ߳䣬һռϴĵطָϵĿռָ΢΢һŷѩ˵αǳܡ
֣ڿϷǳˣôˡս˷ųʩҹǴɧ
ŷѩϵˣνЦЦŷѩһܣԣǲѾ¥ˣ
ûǸ¥ĵڶ㣬ոҾһʱһƾɲͬ棬ҲޱѰֱ˶¥ûΣգͽҷųˡ
ԵͷЦʩҹеԪóʩ֣¿ɸ˸ö̷ⵤҩΪ˵Ŷ
ļٵģһöҩʵʩҹϸֳ֮ɫʩʩҵĵλߣа취ΪʩҾóĴ۶ϧ
ȻʩҾԸ⸶һЩۣҲû취ʩҹʵ
Ȼڳóһźڲĵҩ˵Ϊⲻʩҹе죬Ҳüͷ΢塣
ȻŲĵҩҩ̺Ӵ԰ΪֵҩҲҪ㹻Ϊ֧ţǺʹãΪɼˣòʧ
ǺǣŵҩϹŵҩ̫ʱ䣬ҩЧѾ΢ֻгʦ˲ŻЧ㲻ԣܷΪ˵ţеԪݸʩҹ
Ϲŵҩ
ʩҹŰɵؽӹԪͷۣĵҩԼ΢δ˿Ҳö룬һˣҾɡ
˵ţʩҹֱӽԪ븹С
סôûоԪ븹ʩҹδ˿оɵЦ֣ⵤҩûðζͦģͦģٺ١
ʩҹҲʧ
˵ʵܷ̫⡣ܹһϹŵҩѾǸеʮˡ
ˣԪϹŵҩ꣬ҩЧᣬӷò˶ãҩЧͻӷˡڳԸҪѯʷ֮ʱѾԽ
⻰ŷģʩֲżϹŵҩʱ̫ãҩЧϻӷ
䡭
ڳԻո£ʩҹڶȻһҵԪЩԪͬϺʩҹڹǿҵʩҹΪĵ㣬ɢЩΪдڳʦŷӵܣʱ̲ס

Χŷӵܱýп಻ĵʩҹȴһ
оԼ˷·һƬůĺ֮Уÿһϸ΢ë׶ھϴӣޱȵ泩

Ȼ䣬ʩҹڣ춯֮˱Ƿ֣ʩҹϵϢֱһʦʦŲϢٶﵽʦ
ڴﵽʦ֮󣬲ûֹͣԸٶ
۷ʦĽʦ
̶̲ӵʱ䣬ʩҹϵԪһʦĽʦ
мһȽףӳʦнʦĲΡ

һĻ˶ʱɵۣŴһ
ԪʩҹĳҲ⣬ʩҹΪ٣û뵽ʩҹȻֱӴһʦĽʦĲΡ
ԼҲ𣬶һŷİŵԴһʦͻƵĽʦʩҹһʦͻƵĽʦֻӣ
Ȳ죬óԼҪѪ
˱˰
˳ԣΧ˶һļʡ
һҲ߯˰ɣ
ұ𼵶ʣⴿ⣬ʵҲǺôġ
ʩҹڰԪҲǼΪس죬ļʱ飬æο
ȻȰοʱһƬۡ
ǵ˱˻ԡ
Ԫ
һ̣˵Ŀⶼ˳еİƿ
ԼҲǽĿͶԼϵİƿ
λ
һ񣬿ڵϹŵҩԪҸո϶¥߽һ䷿䷢ֵģֻһţȻеһţǾͿ϶еڶŵţбԪõĵҩڿҶŷӵܣϣҲҪΪһЩҩ߱ֳȻĻҿǲԭǵġ֪𣿡
֪ˣ
ó⻰ڶŷӵܶʱ˷˵ʱӣҲǴӦ
ǵȻ֪ΪǺãΪŷҺá
վȺеŷԳͶȥмĿ⣬Դ˾٣Ǹŷĺô֪˴ιŷһɳΪһľ뢡
ڶŷЩӣŷ嵹û̫ģȻѡЩˣȻǶǼΪΣЩŷӵܶȻʧ


233 
£ǲɢŷӵܣѰ
ǰӸ¥ۿʱͷָ¥Χ¥Ҳټ䷿䣬ֱ಻ʤҲֻŷӵѰſڶʱѼһЩ
һѰеıռΪУȴǴδ
Ҳϣܹŷңŷұǿ
ԣлл㡣ŷѩм˵
ЦʵһҪô𣿡
ǣѩÿԸǿɱԿȻǻĵġһԴЦʩҹҲЦ塣
ŷѩʱ΢΢һĨ죬뵽Լ볽ԵͱɬҲǼ˲١
֣Ҳҿɣ˵ҵһЩıء˵
Ե˵ͷã
̶ԱŷѩϺʩҹ˹ͬѰһ䷿Ѱҡ
ϻԣıͱΪ˶ԸħõʣµֻһЩûõ
ȻЩν˵ǲıġ
٣Ѱʮ䷿ǾѰ˿ԪԪż׹
տʼϺʩҹ뽫׹ƸԣǶһʩһߵִ£׹˵ʲôǿ׹ԲǸҪġ
Ȼȴǲ֪Աʲôܻȱ¾ŵĹɡ
ˣڳ˸⼸׹ǽŷѩŷѩŷ塣
˹֮⣬ǻѰ˲ٱʱⸯʴЩѾȫΪ˷޷ʹãüĸпϧ
رǳ񣬸ǼΪơ
һȽ׽ϸߵıʵȻǻǲٰ
ףʲô
߽һϴķ䣬ⷿΪտһȥΡ̺¹񣬸ûڴ֮£ȴһԼĪʯ̡
ʯ̿ȥѰʯ鲢촦ʯ֮Уȴǲһ˿
ˣǻڵֻ̣ŵӷӵСŵӽΪŵӺ󣬱ǻһ̵Ľŵӵõ̺󣬾ͿԽ֮Լı൱һױǰ̣ȻڴˣӦǵ½ŵӻδü֮ϰħϮϻø̾˵
̣Ⱥױüͷ΢΢һ
ΪԪססססΣױһֻΪﵽ˵ʦε߷ʸӵУû뵽¾ͱǸѰһ
Ϊ˴ҪѰҵ΢ЩıǼѣû뵽ѰһȺױ̣֮ϲ
ˣ̵ȷǿȺױıǻ֮УҲֻΪﵽ˵ʦŵӷʸӵСӵ̵ŵӣǵٶȾѰʦϣҳʹ֮ʱڵԪᾭһϴӣޱȾϻĸԺ˵
Ϊе̣
̾ȻȹЧϲæȻδ߶̣ھѩͿԡ
ҲǼеĿһ̵ܡ
Ȼڳϲ֮ʱϻõȴͬһˮ㽽еϲ˲ɢˣȻҲ߶̣ʱ⣬𻵣۶ɢˣڸû취ӳ
ԶʱȻϵ˷֮ɫҲǶκŲŵصϻãô˵̲һ֮𣿡
Ǽߣǵǿϧˡ
ôһȺױıӲһ˿ãҲ൱ѰʯͷˣƲǱ
ˡȻأҲɢǻڻ飬Ҳͳһ죬˵ޣû취ȫָҪӵãû̫ġϻԺЦ
Զʱ󷭰ۣ㲻˵ڿ콫̵ĹָܻɣΪãҪϴһڵԪӾ
ϻõͷ˷ģҰɡ
ԵҪʲô
ֻҪȥͿˣĶҡ
á
ԴӦһŴµȥŷѩϵ˼״Ȼ֪Ҳ˹ȥ
վԱߵһ¡Զŷѩ˵
ʩҹϲʵ֣ѵʯҲǸ
ȷǱЩˣҿܲܽ޸ЦЦҲٶ˵ֱϥ¡
óԴ˻ʩҹ˶ʱһϲû뵽⿴ȥͨͨʯ̣Ȼһ
ǸеģǳԾȻ˵Խ˵ı޸
ƺһЩܣӵаɣ
ϻãְɡºֱӶϻõ
ϻ΢΢ͷԳԵڣһɹɵŨɢⳤȫ
һŨ֮ɢ𽥵͸̵С
ӿ룬ǿͨͨʯ̣ʱɢââ䲻ǿȴֱӴ͸Ũ䷿ӿ
ԭǳԱĸֶΰһĻϵ˶ʱȻ
ӵ޸Ǹе𾪣ǳԱظ֣Ǿͼֲˡ
ϾǱѾˡ
δãŨɢȥҲٶȼ̵Ŀ
ֻʱ̣ȴȫӡ
֮ǰȥͨͨ޹ɫʣͬѰʯһ㣬ȴǸĿɢ׹⣬׹⵱ӿʹеԪӾ
ֶΰϵ˶ʱ̾
ϻãôģôͽһȺױı޸ˡԾʵ
ˣֻĴܵ𻵣ת裬죬ҶĸλָƣҪ޸ҲǼףֻҪ¼ɡĸܣȴȫǰˣֻǰİٷ֮һֻܶʦˡϻø̾һ
Цû£ҲûʦߣʦҾԡ
˵ţվſ˵ⶫ̣ǰ˵һΪıȴأҲ޷ȫ޸ǵӦûмİȥԡ
ٺ٣ģˡʩҹЦһֱǰȥȥ
ϼ״Ҳû˵ʲôȥ
ԣ㲻Ҳȥ𣿡ŷѩһʵ
ҡͷҪϴڵԪԪøΪԪΪûҪˡҲȥɣˣټѰұ
֮ǰԪ;ϴ
Ȼõģǻ᳢һ£أ½ٵ̣ԲûԼ̫Ч


234 ͨ
Ϊˣȥ˷ʱ䡣
ŷѩԣ𣬳һߣԪȻǼΪҲǶһˡ
ȻҾɡŷѩȻЦ
ң㲻𣿡ͻȻһ˿ĸо
ŷѩҡͷЩʱ͸ҵļ׹ڵԪҲǱüΪʯˡ
ԭˡ΢΢ͷס
ﵹмĽ鴫ӵоߣȻԪޱȾ
ԼҲ̷ĻʯԼܾԪ֮֮ʹʹԪþ˼ҵӵиʣͽһ⡣
мԱȣóΪΡ
ʣÿ˶Լˣûеõ齣Լӡڻ߽׶ɣһʱʹͻƵĽʦľɾͣ
ԣһ⡭
ŷѩһѾ״̬ĿϺʩҹˣ˻ҧ˵
Цʲô⾡ʰɡ
ʩ㡭ǺǣʵҲûʲô⣬е棬㽲ʩ֮Ĺ¡ŷѩվ޷ֱʳڡ
㣿
ŷѩ˵⣬ʱһ⣬ʶؾ͸ֳ֮ǰɽʩ֮䷢飬ֻƲ
ŷѩעĿ⣬æعЦҸʲô£ǲǹϵ΢õѰˡ
ϵ΢õѣŷѩ׽һ
⡭
ﰵвãԼ˵һ仰ŷѩȴȫζǱ򶨣ûȥ͡
ʱǿ϶ԽԽ˵塭
ʩôʶأŷѩ̧Ŀʵ
ĿУͻȻһصòǺܵλ
ʧ䣡
ǵģԴŷѩӵУʧ䡣
ȻǺԣȴó̲סһʹ
ѾͷƬӣ϶ΪԼʩϵͬѰ˲Żúʧ䡣
ϸһ룬ڿϵ˿Ц֮ʱŷѩ϶ḡֳɬЦ⣬δ˵ʲôɬȴǱһС
Լÿһζƽûκεر̬
ͻȻ֮䣬ԾԼƺеʧ
Լϲŷѩ
ȻǷ񶨵ġ
ˡ
ûɵãԼʶǰȥһǣסŷѩ޹ǵ֡
㡭
СֱԸǣסŷѩʱε֮ϷӿһĨŨŨ糺֮ɫʶؾҪֳ鿪
ȻŸҪֳߣԱǺܰԵؽ֮սպãûеʹõķĶΪ֮һ󣬳΢¶˿˿֮ҲĶ𣬡ӦңԺˡ
ų͸¶⣬ŷѩûɵһᣬȦ΢΢졣
ɵѾͷǰҲãʧˣҺ𣿡עŷѩ
ŷѩͷȥѹסĵίΪǿҵҸŬӨˮǹ
Цһǰһְ̧ŷѩˮɣˣٿ޾ͳСèˡ
š
ŷѩɵصͷƾԲϵˮӿŨŨҸ
ͬʱҲһһҪúȡսΪȥڽ԰ϳԵæ
˶û˵ԵЩ
Ȼ˶ֳĬһֵܰȴǳģ϶ǹŵЦ⡣
ȻѾֹͣͿɣѵѰұˣüͷͻȻһϥϵĶ˵

ó⻰ŷѩʱһæԼִӳԵг˳һƬͨ졣
ΪϺʩҹͲ֪ǵ£û뵽һﾹȻ֪ʱѾ
ٺ١
ЦһûоʲôΪġ
ϲڱ˹鰡
վЦʩҹҲͬǺȻֱЦ
ڸոսʱǲһ˿ȴǺʶȤװ
ˣȼȥһ俴ɣܲҵԼŷѩ죬Ҳǻתƿ⣬ŷѩѩɣʱŷӵҲ
ã
ŷѩûԿֱӽ̸ս˿ռָ
˳ŷȥʱĿϺʩҹȴʶȤˣֱߵ棬óŷѩ˲ߡ
ԵǸɴֱ࣬ŷѩһ𣬶ŷѩȴͨ
ף﷢ʲôˣôҶۼǣ˸߳ʱʩҹͻȻָŲԶ˵
ԵĿʱʩҹָȥȻǼڲԶһտ֮ŷԼŷӵۼţƺʲô
ȥ
˵ŷѩһ˹ȥ
ŷ壬ʲôˣ߹ȥŷӭֱѯʵ
ŷָŷӵոиӵܿһͨͨǰ¥ݣͨģǲȴ߲ȥ
ͨ¥ݣ
ԣüͷʱæŷָķ
ųԳǸȥվǰŷӵҲǷ׷ÿһƬɵâŵʯݣʱǰ
Ȼͨ¥ݡ
һĻжʱôе㣿֮ǰ濴ʱǸֻܹ㣬Ϊλֵͨ
ϸ۲һ£ʯɰ׹ӿŵԪҲǾ
ϻãǰǸе㣿иɻ󣬲ɵѯϻ
ϻ÷ϵǸǻһλѪǳУֻܹ㣬һǵӻ֮ڶϢ֮޵㡣ˣѪǳѰϲͬ˵ǻһλΪصĳϣǶǸҲȫ˽⣬˵Ľ˵ȥ
á
Եͷŷ壬ʵŷ壬Ϊ޷ϵ㣿ѵкνƲɣ
ŷƵصҲ֪¥ݺһĤƵģǸ̤ȥ
£ԡʩҹҲǺĴֱ¥ݿڡ
Сĵ㡭æһ
ŷصģ¥ݿȻĤˣֻ޷̤ʯݰˡ
ԵͷĿʩҹ
ʩҹߵ¥ݿ֮ʱҲûԥֱ̧ʯݲȥ
ţ
ȻҽʯݣۿžҪʯ֮ʱȴֱͣ޷ǰ˿ͺʯݱһεȫ赲⡣
ô£
ʩҹüͷҲаһ㣬ǾĽԪתע˫֮ϣݺݵسǰ¡
ˡ
ȻȴǷ֣ʯݱϵƲһ£ҽţȻ޷ǰֺ
Ǽˡʩҹʱ
Ҳԡ
ϼʩҹˣҲǰȥԪת£Ȼʯݡ


235 ·
ˡ
ֻȻһֻʯݱ΢Ӿ˼ֶѣҽʩҹһ޷ʯݡ
֣ʯ֮ϻһڴˣƾǵΪ޷ϵʯݡתųԣЩε˵
ԣҲüͷ߹ȥϸ۲졣
ܿ죬ͷʯݵıϣһ
ǴֱʰʱӡͻȻ˷ˣѾ̺˿ռԣȻȥʱѾɢò࣬ҲԲܴݻٵ˵ġҹƣҪʦΪߣܹϵʯݡ
Ȼ̺˿ռԣô˵һʦǿõĿ̲סܹ̾۳̺ռԵҲֻʦſɰ쵽
ʱɻǿᣬҪʦΪ߲ſȥɴ˿ɼʦȻѰʦҲﵽнʦ
ǰҲȷһ뢣ǿ
ԽԶνĵ㣬ԽӸȤˡ
ûа취̤¥ݣ㣿ʵ
εصʵδָ٣һЩҵǿԣڻûʲô취롭ϻӦÿ԰쵽
ϻãһæѯʵϻãа취ҽ㣿
취Уĺ𣿡ϻó˻ŵ
Բɷ˸۵ȻŪôܣпܲŴҵȻҪȥƣ㲻˵ϻ
ʱͻȻڵˣʵϻҲΪá
ԣüͷһ壬ʵʲô˼ѵΣգ
ȻǲǺȷܸоƺǱһּΪĶóȻȥ»൱Σա
ϻҲǵǰˣ֮ǰҲǸƺҶеΣյϢȻǽڼеıﶼˣǸĵ㣬ȴǴûȥ
ԣŻȻΪϻû߹Ǹе㣬ҲǲϣȥûΣա
ѵǰħȻ䣬ԵԺֳôһͷ
Ҳȷǲǰħ㲻ǰħҲͬǼΣա
΢ȻһҧȻҲ֪ǲбȻͨͨҾƱҪȥơ
ȻѾǾͽ㿴ɡִҪռ䣬ҲǴӦ
ǰεΣûʶʱȻҲᱻһδ֪Σոˡ
֮ԴӦҲΪԼ㹻İձǡ
ѩŷ壬һܸѰ߸޷̤Сŷѩ˵
ŷԣҲΪʧȻóȻżıϧȴ޷ˣʮֿϧ
ǺǣȻȻܽ룬ȴи취Լȥ㼫пؾ޴ΣգڰȫǣҴ˴ξȥǾڶѰЦһ˵
һȥǲΣ𣿡ŷѩʱе˵
ŷͿϵͬһϲ뵣ǣϲıڲ˷ѵܻᱻԻãǸǳ˵Ӧ˵Σգʱ鷳ˡ
ǷģһıֶΣȫ⵹ǲ󡣡ΪôҷģҲֻ˵
ŷѩǷĲ£ԣҪͱϵˣڶҲвٵıǾڶѰΣ
ˡ
ŷͳһһ;̲ǧΣգΪΣվֹǰܹ޵ѩԼȻ˾Ҫ֧񡣡
û£ҲصǣǾڶ¥Ѱǡŷѩļ򣬱¥ݿȥ
Сġ
ŷѩ
ϻãͽˡߵ¥ݿ˵
͡
ڳºʱӿֳһɵİ֮ŵһ̣Щӿ򳽻Ե˫ȡ
ˣ̤ȥϻõ
΢΢ͷûԥ˵ע֮£ֱӣ̤ǰĽݡ
ˣ
ԽŲϷһɼĿҽ޷ǰ
ݡ
ֻ״δãһ΢ʱڴԿظܵڰ֮ƺ쳣ӿŽȥڽһ󣬾𽥵ͬ
ͬʱԻܹܵΧռеҲԾ
ˡ
һ˲䣬ԱǸоǰȫʧҽҲǺ谭ز˽֮ϡ
ɹˡ
һĻϺʩҹĿһžϲ֮ɫֳ
ǳȫδһ˿һĽݣȻԲȥӵеֶΣҲ
ݡ
һ̣֮Ϲ⻪һԵӰֱʧ˽֮ϡ
ϵˣŷѩص
ŷһ𾪵û´ĻǵȻһռ䣬ǲ˼鰡ǲ֪ĹżԶʱڣһ
ʵǱŻҪǿö࣬ڱȻʦޣһްԡҲǸ̾ʶڳ˶Ҫ߳٣Ӹոսϵܹܹܳʩչĸ֣ΪԱŵǿֻҪﵽʦĲΡ
Ȼôǵ㼫пҲо޴Σհŷѩǵ
ϰοѩӲõģּȻܹ͸ǲȻŰ취ӦµеΣա˵ˣΣҲǳֵĲ²ˣ˵ûΣأ
Ըɡ
ŷѩȻ֪ڰοԼʱ򳽻Ѿ˵㣬εҲûãֻĬĬƽ¡
ڶ㷿ǻ֮һûѰǾͼѰɡŷ˵
ڸոѰڼ䣬ѾѰҵ˲ٵıЩŷڲõĽȻ𣬾ǳΪӿĶҲǲ޿ܡ
ŷ˵ţǶΧŷӵɢȥѰ䡣
ѩӡ
ҲȥѰɣһȳԡ
ŷѩҡҡͷʱ򳽻԰ΣĪ⣬ͰĲȥѰֻһﾲصȴųԡ
ϵ˼ŷѩȷһȴЦҡҡͷǸɢȥ
ԣ㡭
ŷѩעǰʯݣĬĬ˵

ֻǰ׹һ֮Լʧԭأһ̣һƬѪâĿռ䣬ʱߵС
һȥƬռͷռгѪâҲǿκζյҲѪ֮ɫ
ˣ㿴桭ʱԵԺ˷
ô˻ʶתȥʱһнʮɣѪɫʯɵķĹڳߵС
Ƭռ䣬ΨһߴѪɫĹ


236 Ѫ

һ̣һɷ·ҪأһеϢȻԷĹӿǵذ㳯ųԹ
Σջǳô
жʱһƬȻǹһ֣ٶϯ򳽻ԡ
ǳҲ޷еֵ

ȻʱԵȴǶȻӳһɰ׹⣬ɰ׹⣬޷ܣֱӾͱ׹ס
׹Ƿ֮ס󣬱ӻسڣҲǸˣֻΪѹʱ̫ŻγɣȻǺǿӰ쵽ܴ
Ȼô
һ£ŷڣûзΣա
Ĺ֪˭ģû뵽ʲôûУȻֻһĹɻĹ
ϻõˣĹӦþѪǳϵķĹˡѪǳΪ˶ԸħͬΪĹΪ⣬Ѫɢһ˿Ŀ˳ȥϲĻĹľĹ
ԭѪǳϡ߶֣ﲻɵһ˿֮⡣
ǶΪ˶ԸħŻ³
ˡ
ţ˫ϥֱӹ£ѪǳϵķĹߵݣ֮дŨŨء
ߵ
ԴѪǳƴ밵ħսˣѡߵ֮
ϻüóԴ˾٣ҲΪ
ԽԽԼ˺ܲˡ
ڷҲ֮ɫ
ڰħͬǼΪޡ
ꡭ
Ȼڳһ֮ʱǰѪɫ·أȴǶȻ䣬ֻǸߴķĹֱӳ߷ѿ
һĻһæվŲ΢΢ˣȫ»Σշ
ȻιȥȻǲκΣգΨڷĹѿ֮أһѪɫʯ׳ǰ
ô£ɻ
ϻþصˣƺľٶѪǳϵ֮飬ķĹŷѿʯ¶˵ʯ֮УǱżı
֮飿ȴҡҡͷš
ʯ֮еȷǼпܴű
ƬռһκζΨһĹǵűĻҲֻǴʯ֮ˡ
ģȥ֪ˡҲ֪ҪѰñֻƿʯ׿
Ȼ˾ٶѪǳΪĹδѿʯδ֣Ȼǲȥƿʯף¼Ȼʯ׳ǰҪ򿪿ˡ
ţԱǳʯ׻ȥ
ãߵʯ֮ǰʱҲǽڵԪת˼㣬ʱ׼Ӧͻ

һ̣ƶȻʯ׵Ĺ׸֮ϣǹ׸ǣҲһ£ȻһƮ

Ȼʯ׸ոշ֮ʣһѪɫӰȻʯз𣬳ųȥ
ŵģһŨҵóҪϢ
ϸһԱǷ֣ѪɫӰʲôһѪɫʬ
ʬͨѪ죬ŵѪ⣬رͫУ˸һǿҵĹâ
ֹâͺһ˵һ㣬˸ŨŨԹ
ԼʵԹߡԵ˲̵ԹߣǶĿĿ
Ѫһ֣ЯŨϢһе򳽻ԡ
ǿҵΣʱ鳽ȫһָоѪ˵ԼϣԼʮ
Ƕɢ
ˣᡣʱϻüеͬʱ
󣬳ԵǱǿпסһɹɴĿǿҰ׹ӿͬ㳯Ѫӿȥ
Ƭ׹⣬ڰ׹֮лŨŨ
˲䴫
ʱѪ볽Եľ룬Ҳֻʣ²һףʱѪǱǱ׹Ũס
ǿҵʱѪȫǰӰҲǳͣ
͡
Ѫ֮ϣѪâ׹ŨžҵѪϵֹâ˸
ûãѪɫâǱ𽥵ѹס
һֲʵȻѪڵͫ˸
һﾹȻռ˵壬ھʧϡѹסѪǺ󣬷ҲǷһɱȻԶͷâХ
񣬱ɱ
Ȼʱϻȴǳ飬ѪӦþѪǳϵĹ֮ҪˣҲʶΪɴ˲룬Ҿƺδȫɢ
δȫɢǺǣѵ㻹븴ɣЦһɲѪǳΣȻԳԲƱҪ֮ȥ
ϻó˻ᣬѪǳǻŵģҪ˲ҲǲӦϾǴǱʶ״̬޷ȷطϣܹһ棬Ҫɱ
УҲǳںԭֻҪɱˣҾͲ˵ţԵƷѪǳ֡
񡭡
ȻʱȴǿˣȻڰȻ£͹˰ɡ
лˣóԵĻϻæڵл
ߡˡҲûٶƽϣȻưոݣ⣬ͼɱˣһЩɾˡ
ϻüδѪǳϣ
ٺ١㲻˵һ˿𣿼ȻˣҾа취һὫƳһοܣֱˣûɣֱʵ
ϻøοܡĸ֣üͷĸ÷˵ֱڳԣüͷɿͷҲá
˵֮䣬ϻõü֮䣬Щϲɫ
ԼûѪǳϣʹ˼÷æֻѪǳ϶ԳԳ֪οڣʱˣȻǸ˻
ڽϳΪ
ûڴ֮鶼˳ΪѪǳһССĳؾͲУ
а취Ѫǳϣɻʵ
ڻû̫İգͻƵ˴ʦԳһҡҸʵҲǿ΢΢ҡͷ
ǰѪֱռ䣬ƿȨԡ
û£ܸá
Цҡͷ˵ѪǳһֵصˣܸǼãѪǳӵжôǿʵ
лˣռУϻöŷ˹֡
ٺ١ոռʱ־˵ķϣˡԺ󸴻ѪǳϵʱҪ㲼æҵĳɹʽϲ١
ʱһΪ
Բδ˵̸Ǿֱʯף׸ƿʯڵĿռҲǾڳС
סʯоȻһ顣
ʯڼΪտûдŶʯڵϷȴǿһӵ鼮ͬͷһ
ء
鼮𣬳Կŷϵĸ֣΢΢Щɻ
Ȼʱϻõȴ˶Ǵˣ׹ѪǳԴģһ׹
׹
жʱ⡶ءȻһ׹


237 
׹ֻʦΪ߷ϰӿм׹û뵽ҵһ׹Ȼ׹
ӿĸ֪һ׹ȻһɲСȷѪꡣ
ȴ̾һȻ׹˵Ҷԣȴ޶塣
ŷڣԸͲȱ
ϻԣ̵ͷ
ʵǲҪֻҪʱ죬ȻӦĹ
ϻõˣʵ⹦ҲþʺѪǳϽ䴴ʱҲǺ䶯ţӳȴһܹɹǵ𣬳Ѫǳϣûһ˿Խɹ
ѵ⹦£Ѱ߸ˣԶʱɻü԰ܹΪڵӵģ츳ӦòȥôһɹĶûУ
ϻ̾һǻڵȷŲ츳ĵӣܷ׹ȴ츳޹أ죬ǲʺ׹Ҳ޷򡣡
ʺϣѵ׹ҪضҪ󣿡ɻ
׹ѰͬʺĻΪ߾磬ǿԽɹ
ϻõͷҪ׹ô߱߱صڸĵ츳Ҫ󣬼Ϊأһѡ̤нߣһȫȫ߲㾳磬˭ȥԼԸ
ԣҲǵͷʾͬ
ȻҲŲٹߣǲǧµӣͬʱҲҪɵĸת˵νǼǿȻһ˵츳
ǵ츳Ҫ档
˵׹ЩˣѰʦ޷ҪΪѰҴˣֻǴѰҡҲЩź˵
ϻÿЦѪǳҲй뷨ϧΪһϣй󲻾ãϰħϮҲ޷ҵԼ̳׹֮ˡҲΪԭѪǳϷŽסءʯ֮УԼԶŶȥ
Ҳźҡҡͷֹ츳ҪΪأҪҵʺѶȲһ
ȻʱԵԺȴһ˵Ӱӡ
ʩҹ
ʩҹ츳Ѱ̻ȴüã֮ǰʩҹ֪ʩҹΪڹŶص츳˲ŻõʩҸ߲֧֣Ϊʩ
סءΪʩ찡ԿϵĹܼȴϲ
ڲǸѪǳһˣ˽һԸһʩҹ׹ôΪضͣͲǰ
ʦ׶ξͿʼ׹ΪԻһּΪֲٶ
Ѱһ㶼ʦΪܹ׹ʦµȴǲ׹һƿزã޷ɣ߻ħ
⡶ءȴѪǳϾĴ죬Ȼǲ
ϲ֮£Ҳǽؼ뵽˿ռָС
ˣոʯȡؼʱûзʲôʱͻȻѯʵ
üͷ΢壬ϸһ룬ոʯʱû쳣֮ҡͷʯгһʬԼһ׹ƺ֮ɣ
˵֮䣬ԵĿҲٶʯڲϸ̽Ȼ޷ʲô
ˣʯȻû˱Ķϸʯ׸ǣ᲻ʲôط֡
ԣüͷһݣٶȴʯ׸ǡ
ʯ׸ǽʯɣȻʱ⣬ƺΪƬռԣʵزûб仵
ʯ֮УҲûзκ֮
ˣɿɵѵ
⻰Զʯ׵ĿʱһٶϸȥǷ֣ʯ׿ƻѰʯ飬ʯ֮УѾ͸һŨŨ
ĳǱʵʣϸ΢ĺɫ״ʯ֮С
Ȼһ𣬵δıʯʵء
ʵҪʵˣѵʲôô𣿡
ȻЦ˵ͬһ㰡ʱԽЧԽá
Ŀһ
֪ߣҲǰˣҵʵҲԻָŽʦߡ
Զʱ˿𶯣ߣѵԻָʦ
ڳŲٵľŽ۷ʦռиֻֻһ뵽ʦˣʦȴûһ
ҡͷָŽʦҵЩգʦûˣϾ̫ۺܹһָŽʦѾͦˡ
ԣҲûźָܹŽʦʵҲȻǼǿ
ˣˡǹ׸ΪѪǣΪʵҽ֮ת뵽СӥͰŭڣ˵Ҳ԰Ϊ
СӥͰŭΪһʵָò𣿡üͷ΢ŵ
ȻҲϣСӥͰŭʵԴΪۣȴЩˡ
Ц˲ص㣬ʯ׵͹ˣܷͻƵʦҪǿһԼŰǲҰæСӥͰŭһٶʵȫĲҲֻ취æˡ
⻰ҪǱ޸ˣԻ֮ŭ
Ҫ֪Сӥ볽ʶ֮ʱޣһʱȥǴﵽޣһԪƷޣ޽ҲԳƵһ漣
ڷȴٶ̫
Եûȥ룬Ҳ֪ѭ浸һޣҪΪȥֻٽݾ
ȻΪܹ߽ݾҲðżķա
£Աǽǰʯ׸뵽˷ռ䡣ԼҲһ뵽˷ռ䵱С
ʱ򣬷õӰСӥͰŭվһһŨİ׹ڣ߾С
ʯ׸ǣҲǰڷߡ
ҪʼôԿһĻȴЩ̾˷֮Ϊǻἱ
ҲҪץԺΣտɲȫ񡣡Ĺż飬ɷŵԽȻδʲôףϾʵܽȴҲʹʵĿ
ȻΣգÿζɷ֣к壿
£Ҳϥһž˱ǳǰĵϡ
ǰԵնɱģʵȸ߽ʦڵľˡ
ұֱһ߽ʦиԼĿ꣬һ̣齣ֱӳʣֱоˡ
ʼ


238 ߽ʦ
͡
һƣŨͬһԵӿ뵽ľ硣
Բδֱһϵž˾顣
еӿ뵽ľ磬ſʼ
գ
һǹʱеѪƸսȥľڼ䣬ҲѸ

˴Եᳵ·û˿谭ֱǣһʦĲΣﵽ׺ʦ
֮۷ʦ
ڴﵽ۷ʦ󣬽ͣƬ̣ѪƵһ𶯣ٶͻƵʦ
ʱȴ־еɻ֮һδոɾ
֮գЩȫոɾľҲٶһﵽʦ
žˣͿҵľʦͻƵʦ֪ʣµžˣܷҵľһͻƵ߽ʦ૵
ʣµžȡ

һСʱȥԵľٶȱΣʦﵽ۷ʦѪҲǴﵽ˴Ĵָ׳̺һɼΪϢ
ҪͻƵ߽ʦЩ˻ЩеľȫգԵľͣ۷ʦĲΣ޷ͻȥ
Ȼ޷ͻƣǾ͵ȽȥѰɡ޷ɹﵽ߽ʦҲǿȡһ𣬽֮Уֱ¡
ˣǸ̶ˡ
ͬᳵ·һЩ΢ʹ࣬޲֮
̶̰ʱȥǳɹһ𣬲ҲǴﵽʦĲΡ
һɵʹȫܹܵˣǽ㳢ͬʱɰɡ˫΢У۾˸һ˿ƷС
Ըûԥֱһڽ֮ȥ
һ̣ŨŨϢܹɢóͨһƬͬ˵顣
ǿȣҲֶʹ֮£𽥱ǿ
۷ʦ
һʱ󣬳ԵǿȣҲǴﵽ˿۷ʦĲΡ
۷壿ҵľﵽ߽ʦҲ޷ͻưһЦû⣬ó𵤿ʼԪΪ
ȻԪΪֻͬ۷Ρ
һﵽ߽ʦ
û̫źܹһΪĽʦ۷ʦǼΪףûл޾˵İͲܻȻԵ
˴ν޾˲ŵͻƣһ谭ʵɾͲôɼˡ
ţСӥͰŭϵϢҲ˲ٰ
ԶСӥͰŭǼöϢΪŨǲ϶١رСӥֱ׷
ԪƷޡ
̶̲Сʱʱ䣬СӥͰŭΪȻҲǴԪƷޣͻƵԪƷޡ
СӥǸŨϢȻֻһͻƵԪƷޡ
磬ˣ
ԵעӣСӥ΢΢ŵͫҲ򳽻ԣϢ̲סϲϲ磬ΪȻǴﵽ۷ʦ
Ǻǡ㲻ҲԪƷ۷ˣֻһͿͻƵԪƷޡҲ̾һ
СӥȻЦٺ٣ҪǷĹͣڿ϶ԪƷء
Сӥ⣬ΪûͻƵ߽ʦͲھͰһѣͻƵ߽ʦʱȴͻȻ
ԣԶʱ񣬶ϵİ׹Ҳɢȴ¶ıĿΪã޷ȫ塣
ϵϢؼãԸ޷
˲ÿˣֻǻָ˾Ž۷ʦ޷ͻƵʦ硣Щν˵ƺûָܻʦΪź
Ҳһ׼ͷûͻҲ޷Ž۷ʦʦҲֻһѣò˶Գɹͻơ
ˣΪδɹͻƵʦǽ˲٣ھͽ֮תΪԪڣ㽫ԪͻƵʦ硣ŷ£һ׹ʱӷϷɳԵȫ
һ̣ŨҵԪϢҲӳԵë͸ȥ
͡
ԵûгɣֱӽЩԪɶȥ
¡
벻ǣԪȻͬϢһ㣬ûƬ̶Ͼ뵽ĵ֮Уʹͣ۷ʦԪΪȻǣƾ̺ǿϢɢ
߽ʦ
ϵԪǴﵽ߽ʦĲΡ
Ȼͻˣ
ԼϢ֮ǰǿ˲ֹһԶʱһϲ񣬶лˡ
ҿҰʵҲǲϣԺ˴ʱҪҳְæЦ
Ǽˣ¥ҪءȻʱϻ΢ȴǴǵĶС
֮У״θܵϻõɱ⡣
ͬʵʣʱա
죿ʲô˼ɻʵ
ڷǵһʱ񣬿ʼ̽
ƾֶΣȫʩչҲǿԲ̽ٶ
ˣҪˡ̽󣬷Ҳ𽥷仯΢΢Ǵһ̵ĻȣЩɶİħֳˡһγֵģֹһֻһȺ
ʱڸ¥֮⣬죬ʮɽ御һƬƵС
ƬаȻһּΪĸо
ʱѰ󲿷ֵ߽߳˸¥صɽ֮¡
ǱֱѰҳȥȴǶ֮ǰһĺͻȻӿ֣Ӷ
ںƵǷİ֮
֣ϲˣû뵽㲻ͻƵһ״ʦһһٹ˴˷ΪڰٳѡУҲǿԴˡɽ֮£տվһ𣬽⹰ֵ
⿴˽һۣҡͷһЦڹƶѾһڴʦɣǺǣһѷ˲ءοӿбǻҪˣǲءֻҪܹɹΪŵӣѾˡ
չͻƴʦӦҲ˰ɣͻȻĿתһԵĻտ
Ҳ˻տ˵ΪѾﵽһڴʦȴȻǿ͸տΪ
տҡͷһ㡭
ش𣬽ĿһЦȻͻƵһڴʦȻǻչĶְԭһΪλĹż֮ջģڿչǴ˴֮ջ˰
ΪͻƵҲֹ㿴ԡǧĻʩˣǵΪѾͻƵʦˣȻδ̣Ҳ˵ǵļǲ˵ţ˵Ŀⶼ˲Զʩˡ
ôû
ʩԲδֳԣʱɻû뵽ԾȻûкʩһ
տҲҡͷ΢Щɻ
ˣǻȽǰ鷳ɡǰ鷳ɲôýġտǰΪŨĺƣص˵


239 ħϮ
ЩʲôüͷǰǸΪŨĺƣеЩ
տĿ΢΢𣬵û´Ӧǰħ
ħ
֣˶ʱһŨŨľ
ǵݣҲ֪ڰħһЩ
Ҳ֪ħεײС
ң״νӴħȫûһ˿Ըħľ顣
ô죿üͷ
տǰĺƣҡͷΪ֮ƣֻֿħˡЩħȻҪԸǣʵȻȥǲ֣뿪ĻᶼûС
ͻտ΢̵ͷʱҲֻϲС
ԶʩˣҪϵĻǾͱȻҪʩԻǧˣ˵ڳΪˡ
ǹȥǽ̸һɣ£Ӧܾǵ롣տ˵
ԻտΪףʩһȥ
ΧȻ֪ʴĺƴŰħȴǸеΪزΪߣҲܵزŨŨΣϢ
ڲ֪ǣǽĿͶտˡ
ʱʩˣɻעš
һ鷳ˡԭ쿴һۻտˣջĿ⣬ѵõظֳŨŨ뵣ǡ
ǺʲôϹٺ§ԭʵ
ԭϸֳؾɫ֪ħ𣿡
ħ˵Ǻ˰ħ⡭ôܣطôְħ
ϹٺҲŵڶӸǿ־塣
϶ǰħֻаħܸˣûѰñùϰħԭһϸһ룬ȴͻЦЩֻҲãȻǼΪˣЩħȥԸվһ߿ˡ
˴ν¥󣬼ߵΪõһΩһˣΪĸ¥Ȼż౦ȴǲȥһ¥ʮһʵ
ԣϹٺҲ˻տʩһˣǿϢʱŷŨŨļ𣬡ǲ֪ܲܶԸ˰ħ
ҲǣħѰܹԸͬ£ħȫɻɱѰߡԭ˵ţȻһսǷһѰżڣһһԸħ
ǡ
ڵǣֻȴЩ̣ʲôһԸħ㡣
֣ʩǧλӦ֪Щƴʲôɣ
һߵʩǰտֱӿ˵ûκεعĨǡ
ʱʩϢǰ˲٣ȫﵽһʦĲΡȻв̫ҲǰԱ⡣
ֻ򸡵ʴĺƣȴû˿ϲɫޱȡ
ʩδΪտ˵ĵе⣬ϵԼˣͷûв´ĻƬ֮УӦŰħɡ
ɬصǰǲ֪εжֻħħʵִﵽʲôΡ̫ǿˣĻᶼûС
ʩЦһΣܲᰵħһǾһֶԸͬʱٰһѰҳڡ
ʱʩͲõȻտἰϵ
ħ๫УѪײУаࡣ
Կڼ䣬ٴìܶǰӣͬԸħ
õʩĻظտͷȻǾٺòֻҪЩħ̫Ǽ˵Կһ
ʩ΢΢ͷûж˵ʲô
óտ֮Ի˺Ϊ˶ͻƵʦΪԡ
ԵʵǣǰԸԹֶܵΣȴѾ۷˽ˣտԳԶЩĿ࿴
ˣûһ𣿡ɻʵ
ʩ΢΢ҡͷǽ¥󣬳ԾǷɢŷҵһ𣬹ڻڸ¥û
ʲôڻڸ¥ǱħռɾΣˡʱ

ո£ԶϵĺƣȻ߹ٶȱǰٿ
ںƵУžҵĸʴϢ
㸯ʴ̶ȣ·ڶ߽ᵽŨŨΣζ
ȻֺƣѾ߲صв
һĻҲʹɧһ϶Ǹſ־֮ɫ
Щħѵ뽫˸ɱ𣿡̧ͷʵĺƣдǿҵŭ
ʩĮһЦħԾɱײУʲôģֺƸͲܹԸҿǻѰطܱ˵ɡ
տĿΧڶɨһȦҶһĿ־壬ҲεͷҲֻȴұܱܣȻδħǾдʧˡ
ȵȡ
ʩüͷȻһšԻڸ¥û
ԡг֣лڸ¥СһЩ¥Ʊػᱻʴʱ򳽻Ҳ϶ֵסһʩĻҲüͷô죿ЩϾҪˡ

£һƬƬƼֶ£аϢȻѡ
ںƵѹ֮£оڵԪתǱ
һúƸֿûС
ºƵĸǷΧԼٶȣѡ
Ҳ˵ȴǵģһ֮֡
ǰռ䵱ʱ޾лԵֵһ
˿а죬޾ʴϢĺƣֵİ취ûС
û취ˣǻǸϿɢɣȻǴҶҧҧ˵
⻰տʩ˶δʴѹƣǸû취ԿΨ롣
ȷֿ߰ɣȥ֪ͨ뿪
ʩһڣתֱӳɽȥ
һתͱǧס֣ʩɽܹʮ¥֪¥棿ԼҲȥġ
ҲܣҲһҪҵԡʩĮȻҡͷһ˦֣ǧĵȫԪתҪ޷˵سŸ¥ȥ
ҿ쿴ϵĺƺͣסˣûѹˡȻʱָմһ
ԣʩζסտ˳ȥȻǼãǰɷޱȣۿžҪ¥ĺƣھ¥ֻвһ֮ʣȴͻȻֹסͺһεסҲ½˿
ô£
һĻ˽һɻ
ɻǵ֮ϣ޲ǸֳŨŨϲɫ
ȻûнǾ˵ǲˡ
һֽٺϲã˵ϡ
Щ϶˼ˮֶһˡ


240 պ
סұߵĸ¥棬вأУǸ¥ҲվһӰʱһ˷ܵߣͻȻָұߵĸ¥
Щϵãƺŷҵˡ
Ǹվڸ¥˭Ͳϵĺ𣿡
û´ϵĺƾǱֵˡ
һĿ⣬ǳұߵĸ¥˻۶ȥ
ֻǣȥʱȴǷ֣ԭȻͣʴĺƣȴǶȻתŸ¥ӿȥٶȱǰ֪˷
¥ǵӰȴֱӱƸû

ϸһǺƽǵӰûǵӰڷźơ
ǳ޾а븯ʴϢĺƣȻ˺˴˰֣
˵һĻʱ·Ŀɿڴһ
˭պƣǴҵ˰
ǰǿ϶ϡǲ֪Ǹ˭
ǺֶΰǸǸ޷ֵĺƣȴֱˡ
ЩѰߣǻտˣҲǱ¥һĻòᡣѰ߲֪ʲôȴǷǳ
֪ƾԼı£ƾ豦Ȼֱպơ̾ص
֪Ѱĵʦպƣ½ĹżģûеʦǵǿߡҾãӦƾһıܹպơ
ǲ֪˭Ȼıҡͷ̾
ͻأһ٣ĿֱʩˣԺһӰѵǡ
ĻӦþǳˣտϵĺƵ
ʩˣҲһϲϡտǲ²ǳԣʩȫ϶ǱȻǳԡ
ĿУ˵س˳ԣûеڶӵֶΡ
Ƭ̹ϵкƣոɾаϢҲɢ˲٣߶һ·жǧصһ㣬һڴŴ
ʱǸ¥ݵӰҲȫǵĿ֮С
˵Ŀ⣬ǻӰ֮ϡ
Ӱһ׺ɫװݵӰȥ·ʱᱻεһ㡣Ȼվȴָһض޷˿ĸо
ͦεӡĿ⣬ֳ壬ǳԡ
ǳ԰ǳԾǴң찡ȻԽƸյ
ǳԾ˰Ѿǵڶξˣ֮ǰռ䣬ȻҲΪǲܹԷ׻
ʵǺǿӲƾŲǺǿʵΣ˲𰡡
ԵΣе߶ٶȷ
ȻŵһųԵĿԹޡɱԼļʡ
ȻǳһӡҲǴ˸ָ˷ܵص
ǧĽЦһԹӵֶΣɲܹء
ǡôҲԵֵܡԺٺЦ
տ˶һۣǿ˶ԷеһĨ𶯣Ҳû뵽պƵ˾Ȼǳԡ
ʱ򣬳ҲǷƮŷһ˳ʩ߷Ӷ
ԣû°ɣʩǰеѯʵ
ЦҡͷȻû¡
´£ҪһȥðգǶҲ԰һæʩ˵
ǰΪ˳ԣʵǵĻˡ
ʩҲֵġ΢΢һůɵͷ·´һġ
˵ȴûȥ롣ְħֶΣʩѰ߿ԶԸæ˵ԽԽæ
ʩȻҲ뵽㣬ҲĬȻаȽһҪץŬȡܸ԰æ
˶Իе쳣ŷѩȴܹظܵüͷۼһ¡
֣˵Ʊˣиûءǰһ˵
ǵ׿⣬һĺơ
абȻŸΪĶ
˿˵ǵΣգδ
ֻ˵仰Ŀȴͣ˳ԵϣһĨŨŨ֮ɫ㡭Ϊ
һĻһԵͻտЩɻ󣬲֪ΪνһڴʦΪλʧ̬
ΪʦĻտɻʹþ̽һϵϢ
ʱԲδ̫ȥϢѰȻ̽鲻ԼտȴܹܵسرǻտΪʦӦΪ
ľһ䵽ϣظܵ˳߽ʦԪ
£Ŀ֮Уʱӿֳһ𾪡
Ŷã㾹ȻͻƵ߽ʦˣ
տһضųԡ
ǰͽͻƵʦû̫󲨶
˿̳ͻƵ߽ʦȴе޷ơ
ǺǣܹͻƵ߽ʦҲֻǽҶѡڻտ𾪣ֻЦҡͷ
ȻһϣΧĽԵˣȴֱӷ
ʲôͻƵ߽ʦˣղòǲĽʦ𣿡
һӾʹĽʦͻƵ߽ʦôˣ
öΪĽʦͻƵ߽ʦ
˱˰뵱һʱ䣬ŴĽʦ߽ʦû뵽ԽһͻƵ߽ʦˣĽ˰
ְ㻹湻˵ģҲŸͻƵ߽ʦΪһû뵽Ŷ̶̲ͷͱˡǰסԣƣٶô죬Һûӵ֪֪
͡
ЦһԵŷѩʩȴ̲סЦ
Ц֮УŨŨĽ֮ɫ
ˣһҡͷ̾ˡԵٶȣίʵǺŰ
ǺǣҲپˣǻȽµɡ
ЦһĿֱŨŨƣصصǺУŲٵİħء
ħŰħѪײУ֮ͬУѰ߸ͶԸˣҵҪһҲǲԶĺƣŭһ˵
ҲŭЩħոջҪأǾͻǣǾûʲô汾¡
͡
ո£ǲԶĺƣȻҵط˱ǼŨŨĺɢȥ
źƵɢɺŵӰʱڳԵǰ
ϣŵڹ⣬аɭȻرǣϵϢľȻҲǴﵽһʦĲΡ
ӰԼԼվһѪӰаΪŨϵϢΪ
⣬ϢΪ񣬿һ̽׶ƷİħտѪӰΪءѪӰϣܵһɼΪΣյϢ
֣ô죿һѯʵ
ֱǰħ΢΢һɭȻĻȣô죬ֻƴһս¡


241 Ѫս
ãξͲսͷ
ΧһЩߣڸܵǰħǿ󣬶ʱɧһŨŨĿ־壬ĵð
ʱҲóǰӰпܾǴ˵еİħ
ħϵϢǱȻ̽װħ
̽װħܶԿȻڶ࣬ǧˣ̽װħһ𣬾ȫԶγɵɱ
ϲλĹżŴգÿ˵ʵõ˾޴ϲɺأϲɺذһӰǰȥ͸¶һɰţܿϧջٴҲ޸ܣֻŴȥˡ
Ǻǣ̽װħݵȷǺǿ󡣵ǵӿ߶ǳص𣿡ȵҲǳһӵɱϢţħǵУ˴ϣ²УҲҪ׳еɱħΪ˽Ѫսס
ҽҲԲ벽
е
˵ĻǶϵǿƣΧĿ־֮⣬𽥵رѹȥ
һɱϢǵĵð˳
ħУ֮ɱ˷ħ֣ȻʵΪǿΪӿߣҲǰħɱɱģɱǣǾɱǡɭȻҲԳԵĿɢɢ
Ȼ󣬵ȴеɱ⣬׷
նɱħ
նɱħ
նɱħ
һߣǷŨŨɱ֮
ɵɱ֮ÿռеԪЩͣ
ɱ֮γ֮ҲǳվǰĺӰȥ
ӰȻһ̽һƷħʵѰһʦԱ⣬ʦγɵɱ֮Ҳλζ˼
ϰħֻһֿɽǱɱ
ħͬޣȻҲͬɱ̣ƶ֣֮ħȫа֮࣬ݽ棬ͷ
ǺӰվΣмƲƲ죬ؿЦӿ߹ȻǳصģΣʵǰͬҪ
͡
£ǰͻȻֳһźڹ⡣һӰԺڹ⵱зӿ
̶̲ʱ䣬ǰȻǳ˽Ӱ
ЩӰϺڹ⻷ƣĿϵϢȴ쳣ǿ
ģнʦ
ʮ֮һϢ߽ʦ
һʱ䣬а죬аϢֱǽʦɢɱϢѹס
˵ʵǰ˶ӰشЦһ֣վǰӰҪƲɵ֮ƣǰȥ
ӰӿǣҲһȻϲû˿־壬ɱŨĿضǰĺӰ
ǵڣ۵ԪҲǼת
ħǿ಻ôöԸġ
ɱ
˫һޱߵɱ¾ʱչ
Ѫɽɱ죬аԽŨÿһν֣ħϵаԽŨøǿ󡣶ߣϵɱҲԽʵһƱɱ
սɱ
ƬսʱѪޱȡ
֮һƬƬѪɫƲʡ
Ѫ۶Ʋʡ
ڳԺͻտˣûȥ֣վں棬ضŶӰ
ˣزöԸ
̽װħǼһмҲǼΪس
Ըտʼ뽫ŷҵӵռָŷִ֮£ջŷ壬ŷӵͶ뵽սС
ǰĸ¥֮УŷӵܶѰ˼ıΪ٣˵ǵΪѾǳΪŷҵĺ
ȻҪΪŷҵΪŷҵһļ⵶ǾͱҪѪĿ顣
£һѻᡣ
Լ˼̽װħţǰڶҲͬ밵ħѪսһ
סס֡ס֣˳ǲˡ
ȻŵĶУһ־壬ԵüΪгͻȻԽսд˳
Ե˶ʱķȥȻⷢˣȻŵԭ졣
ԭЩǱΪŽʦǣܵ˰ħصչˣرʵս鼫Ƿȱԭ죬ϸ˺ۣżڿѾˡ
ɱֻӿߣŵͲӿߡ֮Ҳˣ˳Ѱҳ뿪ĹżԼڵ״ԭ޷˵شеû˿ԥ
˳ŵħˣŵ磬սǼʶˡ
ԭ컹ǶȻħЭ
ڶԭĻʱߣģ޲ֱ¿ĭԭϡ
ڳԺͻտˣҲһᣬû뵽ڹϣŵ˾ȻħЭ磬ֱ߳Ц
ԺͻտȻǲᣬǶѹûϡ
ŵʶ̧٣ɱҲû£ŵҲɱ˲ҵ£ֻҪǰҳǸԵˣǱ뿪վǰĺӰһº󣬱ǴЦ˵
Ц֮УԵζ
ֻʱԭûϸȥ룬һӰĻĿ䵽˳Եϡ
ʶؾԳԶ֣þ롣
ܿ뵽߻տ˵ʵĿʱ˵ԭǵĿ㣬ǸոջΪô֣ԣȰ㻹Բðɣʡɸ
ƨûֵĶӹһȥ밵ħУû뵽ھȻħԸԼͬ࣬ҿҲЩʲôöԷȻɱƺҪֱӳնɱԭ졣
סԣֱϹٽĿڴһС󣬡˵ֻҪɱңͿ뿪α˵ôϻֱӶֲˣ
ԭ켥ڽЦһȺʦҶ֣ԭҲôֶΡ
ԭ죬ˣ뿪ҷĻԶӿ
ɭȻ
ʩҲͬ˸ɱǶ滹ħ񣬿ھֱӳֽԭʬˡ
ԶӿںҪԶ˰ɣԭ޼ɵشЦͲϵвϡ
ֻҪɱ˳ԣһܹ뿪
ڿϵˣħȻǲȥ
ȥɱ顣̲סеɱ⣬ǰһҪԭɱȥ
ֽ£滹̽װħҪǴӦԭЩˣͽһԸɡ
ԣ㲻ǵĶ֣ǶǾŽʦ
ûǻŽ۷ʦвǡ


242 ʦ
Ըһǰͱŷѩ˸ס
ȻǲΪԿԶԸԭ죬ΧڶవħһóԿܾͻվ
ôˣµĻͶ㵽ȥû˷ѡԭ켥ڽŵתźӰֵԲҶֵ֣СˣûʸȥɱҪξˣŵ뿪㿴Σ
ԭ㲻ú˵ˣϷ뿪Ҳߵġ
ȺӰػѾ˦ŷѩˣֱǰȥ㲻ǼңҶôھԸԳ˶Ҷ֣һӦԲκһ˰æ
ģ
ԭתֱӳԣ˸ŨŨɱ⣬ȴЦ᲻ǴҵʱͻȻһʦֱӰҸɱ˰ɣ
ԭҲ̫ˣⲻճһ˶ԸȥһƽԭĻΪŭ
ʩЩǵؿţû˵ĵĲǳԶԸԭˣǵĶİħͻȻֶԸԡ
ʱ򳽻Կɾ鷳ˡ
ǶóԿΪոճպƣħˡ
ҲҪģȻԾһ˶ԸԭǣǾͱʾ㹻İգСŷѩһ˵
˶ԳԱл̬ȣʼγԡ
ʩ΢һŷѩ
һ̣ͻȻԼĳЩ棬ƺŷѩ
Ǻǣ̫Լˣ㻹ûʸȥˣʲôıơЦţӿ첽ϢҲһǣ߽ʦԪȫɢ
Ԫ֮УһɼΪϢ
ҪĶȫҳ֣ҲҪԸˡܵϢǣԭһ󾪺û뵽̶̼ͷԵΪͱǵ߽ʦҲʹжԳԵıɱ֮ĸΪᶨֱȫ֡
һ´վߵĽʮߣʰԲ֮״ųԳɱȥ
ݣǽĹż֮ǰʩ֮Կ
γˣ
Ϲٺȭͷ۾һֽεĿΣųܹǰ
ԭҲͬɱŷȻ֪ԲöԸеͬʱԳԳ֣³ֶ˵ãҲԶԸˡ
Ž۷ʦŽʦʮ˽ʦ
ݣѰһ״ʦ̫Сοԣ
ȻԭϸոһĨпỡʱȴǾط֣ǰһ߹ĳԣٶȶȻӿͬ硣
һ̤ξͺգֱһŽʦǰ
ٶȣѰľŽ۷ʦҲ󼰡
͡
һ̣齣ĽâŨŨϢֱӴ͸Žʦʺ
Žʦһ棬
ôôǿ
һĻԭжʱֳľ־塣еɱ⣬ʧӰ١
նɱһŽʦȴûκͣµ˼ٶȳ⼸˽ʦ
齣
ݡ
ĵ⻪ĽЯ˺յܣֱӶ˽ʦ塣
Ѫ
գ֮䣬ԱնɱһŽʦ˽ʦ
е齣ûκͣŵĵ֮䣬ÿһӳȻһ˵
̶̲һӣŽʮ˵£лŽʦ
һ֡ǿһְʩչĽȻǶᱻɱԭشС
ŨŨķŭһ˿ŵĿ־塣
Ϊ׵ɱԣȴûԼ߷ɵɱ˽һˡ
ɱ
ԭĺУʣµһӣԸٶȳųԹɱȥԪ·ҪǮƵĹ򳽻ԡ
ȥҪɱǣҪʱ䡣ȻҾͳȫǡų£ԪȻûһɹȵϢܣԲڣһεĻ档
ͱ壡
ãԻоûʩչˣ
ԸսͱʩչŽ۷ʦΪ׵ڵӣʱܵһŨҵΣ½ǴһܱӶȥ
ڲӣȫȥɣɱĺԳԿб
ݡ
һ̣ɫĽ齣бŷ·ܹգڵӺȻɱȥ
ɽѸ׵磬̺ܣʯ쾪
飡
ŵʱʱͬըֱӱըҫ۵Ļ𻨼һѤѪɫʣܡ
ŵӣȫ
ˣôӣôԸɵնɱˣôܣһĻԽˣ޲ǵɴ۾ŨŨľ
ϺʩҹһڳݣϵʵǱô򵥣Ҳû뵽սȻ˺ˡ
ʮİ˽׾ŽʦôԸɱڴʦ֮£˭Ķ֣
ŷѩʩ֮⣬Ժ뽾ˡ
Ψտüͷһǰδеľ´½ƵģԣȻҲһʦ
ȻвȫȷΪʦĻտȴŶ۹⣬˿ȴؿղųʩչһʱ˶Ծľ׼ƿء
ٿ֮ĽҪεȾ׼Ĳٿտȫس
оԶԾĲٿҪǿһ
һϵ˶ܣԴӼԺ󣬳ֳֶΣտԳԲɵú
ôܣ㲻߽ʦôһɱеĵӣ϶֣ǰħ϶ҲǰħֻаħŻǿʵԭ˵ʱѾȫˣ벻ףһɱôӾġ
¾Ѱһ״ʦ԰쵽
Բԭ齣һȥÿһϵɱһ֡
ͨ
£ԭᵽŨŨζһĿ־ʱӿҲܲסֱӶųԹȥɱңɱңʵҲɱģϹٺǸŮ˹ƻɱ㣬Ҫɱɱɡ
ԭ㻹ǲˣɱôӣȻ¹ģҲ̫ûˣϹٺԭƵԼϣʱŭ˵ϲû˿Ŀ־壬ǳضųԵԣҪɱҪ㶯ֱǣǾԲȥĵġҲ̫⣬ҵԺ϶ұ𣬽ж˿ġ
Ϲٽô
Ϲٺüͷһ˸㣬ڽ¥֮ʱѾˡ
ʲôѾɱҵˣܣƭң㲻ɱҵϹٺţŭ⡣
Ҫ˵Ҳû취Ǽ٣Լȥɡ
ݡ
һ䣬齣Ľֱ֮ӱһĽâƿռ䣬ûϹٺĶͷ


243 죡
ȻǳԵһɱŮˣԵû˿˵˾ǵˣŮ
ԣԷҰɣԭ쿴ԹϵɱϹٺҲ̲סһǵʵ
Ƴһۣ
㲻ɱңɱžԻɱұġԭȻ˵ţܵ˿δɱ⣬ͷģֻҪ㲻ɱңԸţ
˵Եû˿ҡ
ԼȻԭжһƣתӰġ
ݡ
ȻŸһתһĽǿشû룬ֱӽҪնء
ͨ
ԭص£һǰδеĿڣе⻺ɢȴ
ȻȴǿеԼ۾ʵҲףû˺㣬ΪһҪأһ·ϸҡ
ԵصӦûûǰɣڽĹż֮ǰѩ檡˵Ǿ仰ʱҾˡ
ԭΪһŮˡóԵĻԭ³һѪûλľͨŮˣȴû뵽ԼȻΪһŮˣԸǿնɱ
زʣԭر۾
ȷΪһŮˣ˭۸˵ŵӣҲҪɱĮȻȴޱȼ
ԷŶԭĻشŷѩҲŷѩ΢һƬů⡣
ԭٰҪɱԭ죬ԭȻΪԭ檵¡
ĿתԶĺӰһаЦԭɱңӦòΪ˰ħϢô򵥰ɣû´ӦΪɱܵܣ뱨𣿹ү
ô£Ժʶħ
ү˭û˭֪ʲôʱɱܵˣ
ԵĻһɻ
үɱܵܣѵǡ죿
ŷѩĿһԺͻȻֳһӰ̲סôǰǲĽʦʵô֮죿ôɰħˣ
˭ʶһԵĻտѯʵ
ǧǹҵǰ󣬵ǰЩҼ򻪣ȴչֳ˼ΪΪǴﵽ˾ŽʦùһٳΪǧǵһ塣
ŷѩشʩѾڣ˵ڼ䣬ĿֱǰİħǰҺ͹ҲӴһΣʱûʲôڿ֮ǰʵǰѸ٣ô죬йȻè尡
ŷѩŵǰԾйһЩСìܣǰǧУԸǽĵܹܵƸɱոչŵɱԣ϶뱨𡣡
鵹е㸴ӰҲûʲô𣬷ʲôԭ򣬽յһս޷ģҶ׼ְɡ
տͷϸŵɱ
ʩͬǵͷԪӿɱ֡
һԷҪԳԶ֣ǱȻһʱ֡
ף㾹Ȼµҵݣмѹֵҵῴ㣬ҪΪӡ£㻹ֱӸңôɣҳȫ㡣
ӰЦɭȻɱ
͡
һɹɵĺڹ⣬ڶͷ֮ϡ
ָ⣬ͬǲڹ⣬аӿ
գһʱ
ǿƣ¶š
³һɱʮӣȻδԷ
Զ˵ֻһֻ΢ǿ׳ϰˡ
Կ϶Ķ֣ȥﳽԣԼƺҪԳԳ֣ʱ̲סҪǰȥæ
һ̽װħʵѰһ״ʦҪǿ࣬˵ԣԣûһ˿һܹԸİա
ȵȡ
ʩ£עųԵԲ³ç֮ˣʱ򻹲ǳ֣ɱ˹죬Ҳаһ̽װħб֤ǡ
ôܣһ̽װħˣҲûʲôձ֤Զʱ
ȻͻƵ˴ʦδ̣ԸѰһʦû⣬Ը̽װħȴûκΰգס
Ȼʩȴ˵бסİգҲ̫˰ɣ
ԲһոͻƵ߽ʦѣ
ʩЦһԸղŵʵǲѾʶʵܹһɱһȺ˽׾Žʦظ֣Ϊʵֵܲܵסһ̽װħ
ôˣֱһظ֡һԴ
տͽȴʲôظ֣ѵаնԸһ̽װħ
Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ
ˣһ￴ȥȻ̽װħʵûͻƵ̽װħʱмҲڳԵԺ
Զʱ˵̽װħ
ǵģϿȥ̽װħʵǻƽ۷尵ħҲµûĻ֮δͻƵ̽ףΪ֮ǰĵ̫˲δܳɹͻơļһӻڶͻƵ̽װħûϵտ˻Ըǡ
̽װħǾͺöԸˡһѵõĥʯսȲҪæˣҶԸ°ħһڵõ˷ӡȻʱ밵ħ򽻵лᣬÿԴĥһԼ԰ħ֪
Դ˲飬ֱӴӦСĵ㣬ǰյİħϢвһָʦΪ˲˷ѣȫתϻãָ˼ʵʩչ󷨵ĻҲǿԸ㼫İ
ȻˣҾ͸ˡϲ
ֱ죬ǧʱܶ˶ɱң֪֪ڵĽôˣ
ƲƲ죬һмǣҹɲȺҷұȻҪ
Բ죬أ˵˻ҼӹһˣȫҸɱˡ
˵ҲǣҪ;ԻաȻ㲻ѡôҾͰѡȥɡ
Ź£ζʱһźڹ⣬򳽻ԡ
ǿҵаϢѹȶϢѰ߽ʦԣ
͡
˿˿ڹצ˺ѿЯ޾аɱֱԵĿڡ
ٶ֮죬ѰľŽ۷ʦҲԶܡ
úá
ȻΣգԲδȥܣӭϡ
ݡ
齣ĽâһĨ֮⣬ɫĹֱӴڹצϡ
͡
âڹצ֮ӿƬ̣ǻһĨǱһ顣
֮⣬ҲǰҲãȻͬ鲻ְ㣬Ҿֱɱ㣬ͬҪһɱղֻ̽ԵĹΪտ˻æȴǲ볽ԾȻԼӲӣһտ˿ȥû˿ֵļ
ЦһȻ壬ЦΪƾһƽ۷尵ħɱңҿ̫Լˡ


244 ĥʯ
ʲô㾹ȻҵĵȼһţΪԼεúܺãû뵽ȻԸһۿ˳ƽ۷ΣΪϱסûͻƵ̽ףɱͬͬɱ
͡
£ٶȶͬһֻ֮֮ϣӿ޾ĺڹ⣬·ҪһУֱ峽ԡ
齣
һ
û˿ԥнֱӱʩչ˵ްĽգ˺ѿռ䣬ڳԾĲٿ£ֱ̹˸λ
һĽЯŻâڰ˵֮󣬶׼Źʺȥ
С⽣
һ͵ػӶһŨĺڹʱƴӿֱӽǰİ˵򱬡
ʱһĽҲǳߵС
ûκγɣһ¡

ȻƸһ쳣ȵȴͬը㱬ըϵĺڹ⾡ըɢ
һȻûܸ˿ƣħʹȻԶͬߣһ̺˴ͱܣںһǾŽ۷ʦˣȴһƶûУЩԶԸ
û뵽⽣ӣ˺ˡܿϧƿҵķЩµĻôҾˡЦһһųȥÿһϵĺڹǸŨһ֡
ôظְæҸоʵطûʩչڸѵƾԼʵԸ𣿡
ʩչطظֳ֣ΣˣӣѾ׼ˡ
ʵڲУҿȥæɣǧóԷ⡣
ùǿȫ価·磬Ե˶ʱǼ
ٵȵȰɣҿӦԼʵù쵱ԼĥʯÿˣӦûʩչطظֳ֣ʱȻһ졣ʩҡҡͷֹԵҪְæĳ嶯
⻰һԵĽʱɴ۾⾪˵ʲôһ̽װħĥʯԼΪôܣⲻ𣿡
һ֪Ȼϴ·磬ѹסδңȫгԴҲõģȥ֪ˡŷѩЦ˵ƺһ㶼ġ
һ̵ͷҲãҵҪ־ƾʲôȻһ̽װħԼĥʯ
̽һƷħʵԶһʦһһ̽װħǱȻƴֶΣȡܹס
ȻȴǸһ̽װħԼĥʯǡֶΣίʵо쳣
ڣҲ뿴Ծƾʲô˵֮١
ɹؿʵһ̽װħϱ֤սЦӿһˡ
ˣòķڷ
ʵ治ֶܹͨԸȻ̽װħʵ²һʦ϶١
ԶųһĹ죬źɢİƣʵҲһΪֱ۵˽⣬ҲãҾڵս״ﵽʲôΡ
ˡ
ͷʱеѪƣʱһĲӶ
¾
ֱʩչ¾
¾һʩչܵԪʱӾ֪˷
ųԶԾĲٿس̶Խ¾ʩչЧҲԽԣܹܱܵԪĸӦǺε
оԼֻҪһܵԪͻȫƣǲ

Խ¾תºǾҲŵԪӿȥ
˷·˺ڶϵſռеԪ
ʱԪΪңյٶҲǼ졣
̶̲ʱ䣬ϵƣֱ׷죬ӲѹȶƸȫֵס
һΣԲǿŷİȫƾԼֶΣֵסһƽ۷尵ħơ
ףȻԵֵסҵƣеͣΣֵܵסҵƣѵֵܵסҵĹɣ
ҲЩ죬ȹбӿΪŨҵɱͬʵʰ㡣
͡
󣬹ٶȼӿ죬񱼶ֻӶ֮䣬һɿֲϢɢ
óѾȫʩչ׼һٽԺɱ
ɣҳԼʶʶƽ۷尵ħ˺εȳ̶ȡ
Լùȫвûκξſ־壬ޱߵս⡣ڵİԪͬ񷭹

ٶȼ죬һϢ֮˳ǰ׿⣬ӿԪóԵ½볤ֱƮɳʯ𣬾ͺǧ
Ȼ龰ȻûκζȻɽܵԪ
ݡ
볽ֻʣ²֮ʱǶˣ齣ƽƽ̳ûκλΡ
࣡
Ȼһ̳ȴһ촫ͬף߶һ
֮ӿһɿµĻɫԪ
Ԫ֮ռ·ȫ˺ѿ
һĻҲ̲סֳһĨ𾪣û뵽ԣȻҲܹʩչĹǳϡ
ɱ⣬ȴǱøΪŨ
ɱӿ֮£ûйԥһӣĺڹ⾡ȭ֮ϣ齣бŷĿԪȻȥ

ɾҵײһһȦȦֲʱɢȥ
Щý밵ħ޲Ǳֱˡ
ˡ
µĵ棬Ҳѿ٣˫ţҲһ֮ࡣ
ңԵĹδκ˺˰벽û
Ĺǲ´ʦ֮£û˻Ķ֡ϧ֮Ĳ̫ˣԣɡпЦ
ȻڿЦ֮ʱȴƲֱһ˿Ѫ
ԵĹȻûл˹죬վڲԶۿĻտˣȴһɴ۾ŵϴ󣬳Ĳ˼顣
һôģղĹֱѰһ״ʦ˰ûͻƵһ״ʦ˵ҶĶˡ⿴ǰ棬̾˵
Ҳͬ겻ѣԱսʵǽ𾪵òᡣ
տһľ棬૵û뵽ԶԾĲٿس̶ȣȻﵽ̶ȣоҲŲʱ䰡Ծƿس̶Ȼߣȴ൱ֲڣóûΪʦǲ֪ҪʱſسΪʦ
Ϊʦտǳ񾳽Ѷȡ
տʼһʱ䣬ʹﵽ΢磬һʱ䣬̤֮


245 ȫ潻ս
̤֮ȴʱ䡣
ȻˣӿȻǼΪţһľʦ츳̾
治֪ôģô̬ҶԶԶ׿ˡεҡͷž֮̾ɫܿ˳͸ĹҲӵпԪ壬һõ˿Ԫϵû׿Զǽкˣ˷ţҾͱչȡһͻƵʦ֮
Ҳ֪ԼڣĻõ޾ԴӦʱȻ°빦ٶȸ졣
ƲƲ죬㱻ԶԶ׿ڶоɽˣڵΪȻ߽ʦսǱ˶˰ʩչط˵Ҹǿһ̥֡ǲܸȡ
ŷѩʩҡͷһЦﾡԺ֮ɫ
ҲʰˣǻտһˡλϣҲְɣе߶ɱˡ
վѪӰͻȻ̧̧ͷһаҲǴﴫ˳
а졢Ρɱǵû˿С
ǣ
վǰӰӦǡ
䡭
ǵڶʱһǿ쳣ϢĵӰ̳Żտڷȥ
ϱϢȻ󣬵ȴǼΪʵʣÿһɢϢѰһ״ʦеľ
ʵ̽װħ
̽װħϢΧƽװħ·𱻵һ㣬ڱͼΪǿϢȻٶøΪǿ
տʣٶӿֳһ˿˿ĺɫơ
һƣȫѹס
һ࣬ҲķѪ֮С
ħҲˣҲöˡȻߴʦѴλħʵǿǵԵûӦҺͻչһ˶Ըһħλ˶Ըһħ
ħǳܵɢǿϢʱϣտչΣ
տͷûʲôǿҪСĵ㣬̽װħȹ»Ҫǿϲ٣ǧ򲻿ɴ⡣
ڿԳˣҵȵֶˡҲǴӦ֣֪û㲢ս
Цһ˵ﻰǾ֣նɱħ
ã˵ţ˱ȳ˳ȥӭһħ
տӰҲǼӳ
ʩһħСŮӹͬӦǧһħ
ִ£Сҹ鷳ѩæһˣԼҲҪСġ
ʩЦһֱһħǧĽϡ
˫Ķ
ˣԣҾɡģЩѡֵܣŮˣܿͻȥġ쿴ܣҲһѪɱ⣬ٶӿֳһɸΪŨҵĺڹ⣬ųԱȥ
ˡ
һ֣ռеԪ·ֹһ㣬ҲǸܵһŨŨϢһȻ
죬˴οʩչУҪһٽԼնɱ
ڵʵвǻƽ۷尵ħĶְҪԸ죬ǵ÷ˡεҡҡͷʵѾѰһ״ʦȻͻƵ߽ʦҪԿһ״ʦǲܡ
սǴʦ֮Ѱ֡
Ҫֿ죬ȴǲˡ
񣬽ͽɡд
ȻȴǲδϴӦ˵ˣոǸѪӰ˵ʱҸܵڣƺһΪĴڣʩչ֮»ᱻߡ
㡭˵ʲô㲻֣ܳ
֣ܳӦԹ죬ʮ
ոȻԼǿʩչ˳ȴܲ˹졣
ٴȥԼԻᱻɱ
Ȼû뵽ڹϾȻӣ˵ʲôܳ֡
֪˼æ͵˱żΣգǰұ¶ȥҲ϶Ҫ־ġ
㻹˵㲻֣
ٺ١Ҳ֣ǲû˳ֶԸ찡
˵ϻã
뵽ϻãжʱϲϻҲԳְҶԸħ𣿡
ʱϻõҲǴ˳ˣղŵİæѾָһʵȻܳսѾ󷨡һֱӲһ󷨣Ǹǿռ䡣ֻҪ˷ռ䣬˵ǻƽ۷尵ħһ̽װħ񶼿һǧһΡ
ħռ䣿
һϻõĻ۾ʱɵϴ
ӡ԰ħſãʩչ֮Ϳѹסħǽħ˷ռ䣬¾ǰĹһ̽װħҲûκѵĻᡣ
ãǽͽˡԴкãҲǳޱȡ
һ־ŰԵڿԽʰˡ
ԣɡ±Ͷ̥ˣǵñ׵ˡ
ڳϻý֮䣬Ѿǳ˳ǰ

ȻΪϾܹնɱʱԵڣȴӿһŰֱӽǰθס
ˡ
һǰδеΣУʱڹͷʶؾ͵еİħ֮Űȥͼһٺɢ
ֻǣոյħ֮ʱһ쳣ǿȴƾղ
ǿûܡ
һ̣ǸоԼһƬããĿռ䡣
ƬռеԪʮֹлһָΪŨҵϢ
Ϣù켫ΪΪϢУܵΣС
ϢרŶԸƵġ
а࣬ӭҵĵ̣
һ̣ڹǰһõӰֶ
ӰʶؾӰйǱʶУƺĳֶںǰӰ
ֻȴǽҪֵĳ嶯ѹסĿضǰӰʲôˣǲǸһģҳȥһиôͳͳᱻҵɱǷҳȥҿԿҵһ
֮ԻῪģΪǰӰУһǰδеΣС
оӰֻҪһ֣ͿԽ
ָоֻǰǰŸܵ
ǰӰδΪвţκεǺ£ǲ˵ҽһ£ҵıڣҵˡҵֽ񡣡
ˣҳȥת泽ԣֻҪҳȥҿҵ뿪˵˵仰ƺеЩԾǰӰֻԷǵЦûκɫʡ


246 նɱ
ʱԺҲǰӰոյһ仰
ҵֽ
Ǵ˵еķؼΨһһӡ񣿡ɳƵغ޾ľ
־ǰĴڣҪ
ϲ㡭ˣԽֱӸңôɣҳȫ㡣Цһ˵
仰ͻȻмϤĸоԼǰ˵
ˣڸողǰԼͶԳ˵ͬĻ
ֻ֮ԼδɱԣԽԼ˷ռ䡣
£ԼԵģؼΨһһ飬аħĿǣ
ҡҲҳȥ㲻ɱңɱңܣ϶й¶ȥʱȻĸǰǣǱɡֻҪǷҳȥҿԵʲôûϺҵ뿪˵ԷԼִڷռ䵱УûκζԿİա
ǺǣȻ㲻ѡôҾͰѡȥɡ
ûĻǵ˵һ֣Χİ׹ʱĿĹ⻪˷Źϯȥ
ɱңûôס
״ŭһڶʱŷһۻĺڹ⣬ͼֵסǴĿİ׹⡣
͡
Ȼⷬٶȴͬݺ֮ԣڹŸͷţȫ׹ɣû˿صֵ֮
Ҫ
ŨŨΣ̲סġ
Ȼȴûκβֱһ֣Ũİ׹ǽ룬׽ɱ
ݡ
һԲԲİ򣬰һ뵽֮ϡ
򣬸еȴεҡҡͷŻƽ۷尵ħһָʦʵûá
ͻȻĿ䵽˲ԶߴӰ֮ϡ
ǳǰڸ¥շˡ
˶ﵽԪ۷ޣֻһͻƵޡҽ뵽ǵڣȻ԰ǳɹͻƣһͻƣΣҲ԰ϼæ
ţûκٳɣ˫һǰʱֳķݡ
ݡ
һǰֱӽ뵽ڡ

ʱ˵ںХϵϢҲѸ

̶ϢϵϢǻȻǣԪ۷ޣһͻƵޡ
ɹˡ
һ˿ϲɫԣ֪
ڷռУǽɱ죬ǰͻΪȥƺ˲ʱ䣬粻ŹȥƬ̹
ȻôͽˣǷϻ
һ챻ɱ̲סһ
ͻȻãзϻڣİħҲԶԸˡ
ϻò󷨣ħǿռ䣬ǿֶν֮ѹնɱ
ƺµ˳룬ɵˣ˵ռתΪսԸħұȻռݼƣڵʵڷռжǶԸѰ̽Ʒħһħﵽ̽ƷΣ¾ڷռУҶӦᱻûˡ
̽Ʒħô
Ŀǰǵĵˣ˵̽Ʒ̽Ʒûﵽأһֻ̽׶Ʒħϻ֣Ӧÿ׶Ըɣ
ڷռеĻȻǿ׶Ըͷϻõʵδָ̫࣬õҪһ̽׶Ʒħռ䣬ҲΪѰһСģͼпܻй¶ҵĴڡ
ԣüͷҲһĻûоԵİգϻòҪ׳ְɡ
ˣҺϻòæǰ̽׶ƷħζԸˣȻЦ
εҲû취ԸҲû취ܲܰ㱩¶ȥɣΣաҺСӥŭֻסħϻþͳ׼ʱӡ
ˣ֪ǰѪ۰ħ˭𣿡ͻȻʵ
üɻ˭
Ȼٺ٣ոҪɱʱκ˵˭
˵̽׶ƷħǹҼ򻪣ص
ͷħҲˡ
Сӣôˣ콫ȻϷƱҪҡ
ڷոյͷ֮ʣǰͻȻһӴħѹó̲ס
̧ĿȥѪӰ
ÿһԾ͸оһɽײԼһΣ쳣ܡ
ͷһ̽׶ƷħȻԼԶԸĻò˼£ԼͻڶԷ¡
û뵽ùҼȻǸԸΪħǿһ۽ˡЦ
ԵĻԶ밵ħһʩˣжʱ¶ɫ
ѪӰȻǹҼ򻪣
ȻǰѾЩ²⣬ǷǳȷϾӡеĹȻԵЩ㲻а
Ϸʲô㲻ùܣ콫Ȼһڡ
˵ţͻȻŭһ
һŭʴĺƣȻۣ·İħϢŨңʵΪǿ
һ·״̬ʱԡ
һ߲ϵصѪ
ʩ˽ս̽һƷħʵƺҲǿ˲٣տ֮ˣѹ·硣
رʩǧĶˣǱ֮״Ϊԡ
ԼһĻжʱһĨŭ֮ɫѾҸɱˣ뱨ĻǾҶְɡҸ㣬ոҲɱҶҷɱ֪ûеҸҶ֡
ԵĿģҪ׼ŭ򻪣ùȥԸʩˣе˼Լ
ԵĻ΢û뵽ԼһӣȻԸɱˡ
Ȼڼңò˵ļܳɹҽᾡȫɱΪҶ𡣡
һħԹ򻪵ͬ籩㣬ϯ
ط·Ϊ֮һ
ã򻪳ˣ̽׶ƷħԶΣޱȡ
Σˣǹ򻪵Ķ֡
Ժͽ˼򻪳֣ܵɢӴƣһΪԵǣһѺ
ٵȵȿԸոպǿ֣˹졣ܹ죬˵ҲܹԸ򻪡ʩȶסңǾ;ǰİħȥԡ
һ˾ܹһ̽װħҾͲ˻һħԴһȫԪתǰİħ
Ե⣬Ҳǳȫû˿
ȻǱǿǶ̽װħ֣ͬѹסǷĻᡣ
Ժ⣬ʩǧĵԼǱħѹסΨлտһ̽װħʱ࣬ħѹס


247 ûϸɵϰ
տȻδͻƵһ״ʦսڴ˿ȴչ¶ţλһڴʦҪǿϲ١
ٸʱ䣬ҾͿɱħԣһҪסտ˲Զĳһۣȫ¶Ըǰ̽װħ
ڳȫ𣿲ɱңҲþôסСӥŭæ
ԹѹƣԴһΪӿȵս⡣
ݡ
ݡ
һ̣ӰڷӥСӥʨŭ
ɿ񱩵ϢҲǴǵڱԵֵסǹǿơ
磬û°ɣСӥصؿ˳һۡ
ӹ򻪵ƵУᵽһɼΪŨҵΣС
û£һʵ̫ǿˣսʱСġҡͷ
İɴ磬ҺͰŭ
ϡ
Сӥһ䣬һ֮ĳȻɿ򻪡
𡭡
ŭҲŭСӥ
߿ƺ·Ĺƶ֮ȴϵ൱һܵһԵһʱ֧Ԯһ˵ĻһܹŸ˸Ϊ͵Ĺ
ֻСе˼շҵĳﵹǲ򻪿ǰһĻĿһ
ݡ
˫ƻӶŨĺڹ⻯СĹСӥ밢ŭ
⿴ֵһȴóüͷšΪǹٶ֮죬¾Ѱһ״ʦ޷
ϡ
𡭡
СӥͰŭŭһߵ壬ڷ֮䣬ǹ䶯й켣򻪼Ҳüͷ
ΪʱȻǰղסСӥͰŭƶ켣
һ̣СӥͰŭɶ㿪Ĺ
ݡ
ˡ
쳣ҵĹλҪ
ǹ̽׶ƷħҲ̲סֳһĨ֮ɫ
ֻǳԵе񣬹졣ԽҾԽҪշǡţ򻪲㲻ֻƽƽֱӽСӥͰŭʩչǿ顣
ݣݣ
СӥͰŭһУ˵ԡ
ˣʵ̫ǿˣҺͰŭ֣Ҳ˺ֺСӥЩƵ˵
ԴͰŭͻƵԪƷޣ֮ڴʦ֮¾ѷ֣ȻԹ򻪣ȴ
ˣԶĽ˼һĻֳŨŨľ֮ɫ
û뵽ԲʵǿߵԼޣʵǿز
ϧǳԽǿٻ޷Կ򻪡
ֻǲ׵ǣΪλظֳ֡
ظֳˣɱ򻪣סӦûİɣ
СӥŭȱŹǾһԸ͵ϮͻȻ˵
ҲֻҳȥסˡԵ˵ͷҧ˵
СӥͰŭҲ޷˹򻪵ҲֻǳԳſԡ
ˣڻҪֻ֣ҪһԹۿС
ȻڳԸҪ֮ʱȴǽ¡
üһԹۿڻտǶסˣҲֻ˭ܹס򻪣
ˣѵǰշ𣿡
ˣ
ĿһҡͷȻʵﵽԪ۷ޣƾǣξס򻪣
ȻЦ鵣ģ㿴֪ˡҸ׼һϲֻܽٻ
Ȼɻ󣬵¸ûбİ취ȻԪ۷ޣô˵Ҳһսܹһ˿æ
ǣһǰ׹ĵߴӰʱǰ
ˡ
ȻԿˣͫ׶ʱ
ΪܵʱˣϢ޲ǴԴﵽ޵ĲΡ
⡭ʲôʱͻƵˣ𾪣޾ϲ
һƷޣ޷ɱ򻪣סӦûκɣ
ޡޣޣôܣԱȻޣ
⵽ô£˵Աظôظû֣ǳޣ
ѵظ־ޣ
ԵʲôݣͨôΪıޱ
е˿ǰޣ޲̲סһ¶ɫ
ޣκһֻǿһ״ʦĴڡ
ʵԱϣ밵ħƣͬ׵У޵Ķ֡
ԭ޵Լ幥ͬ׵޷Ը
ֻΪﵽʦ޵ƲŲڡ
Ȼûеʦû˻ȥ㡣
Ǽٻޣ޲ֺȻ˿ʼ²⳽Եݡ
ܹܼ򵥵ȥ
ʱ򣬾ԳԵϸǧģ̲סԼɵ鱨ϵͳ
һӵ͵ȳǳ߳Ѱߣ߾Ȼޱ
˵Եݿ϶ҲǱ򵥡
ٻҲǴ˿
ްæųӦԶԸ򻪣һ١
ȻΧ˴Ϊ𾪵ʱ򣬳ԱȴҲһͷˮ
⵽ʲô
ֻˣʲôʱ򶼽׳ˣ
ǿǿȴʦĴڰ
ˣոɱҽȫ뵽ڣʹǳɹͻƵ޵ĲΡһ𾪣ɵý
ԭⳡս˵ҲȫǻԣҲȻֱӶǾͰزסԷСӥŭ˲סԷʱǾͳ׼ʱͻϮһֲ
֪ˡ
СӥͰŭҲǴ۵Сۣû뵽ڳԵߣȻһӶֻǻҪ
ʹж̲סȴ˴սҲҪƴˣȻսԿޣòǡ
ȻޱߣСӣ㻹Һ氡ҶԽԽˡѾûжˣҵĸɶӣԺеȫڸ㣬Σ򻪿ٻޣĿ˸
ЦһȻҪԼɱӳ˵ɶӣҲֻǰħܹ˵óڡҲѹ֣ûֶĳҲΪħˡ
򻪲ÿɷʵ㾿ǴӦӦأ
֪ħѪײУ񶾣ȴû뵽̾ȻҲô͡Է˸ۣҪÿζҵɶӣ˺֪ܶոɶӵϰߣҳԿûϸɵϰߡ
Ǹ򻪣ϲոɶӣ治֪ӣǲġԵĻʱ̲סЦޱȡ
˭Ҳû뵽ǰһ̻ǸеԿ̽׶ƷħȻᱻϷˣ
ֳ֮Уǻܹ򻪻Ҫ֡


248 ħ
ŷѩʩҲҡͷһЦʱȻȡЦһ̽׶ƷħǣǸеΪԺ
ԵҲʵ֧š
ޣ򻪶Ի
С飬ˡ
۾ʱͫУһƺڹ·ҪԸɽȥһ㣬ȻҾͳȫ㡣
͡
£ȫڹǣ˻һӰգۼǳ嵽ǰ⡣
֣
βдȣʱ֮УҲһɱ⡣
˶Կ򻪵ʱҲǲ̫ġ
ݡ
óԵ˽׷׳Ź򻪱ȥ
ȥ
ŭһȭһȻӳȭͷ֮ϣڹʢ̲пֲ
򻪵ʵȻǿ
ùһȭɫҲǸΪءһȭȥ¾Ѱһ۷ʦᱻֱұ
֪˻εֵ
Թһȭȴǲܣͬһȭӭȥ
״вɵֳڽ֮ɫ·ǿɵƵġ
ǰȻһƷޣҪһȭ㲻ҲҪ˰ɣ

ֻȭͷһ飬Ƶ촫ҵĳù򻪵ĳ۽ϡ
еȭͷһĻȴûг֣ˣһȭŲδ˰벽ֱҽţŹ򻪵߹ȥ
Ȼô󡣡
һԼȻֻһȭһȭҲѰһƷ޿Եֵסû뵽ǰòеƵޣȻƾֵס
˵ǿһ˵ʵǿѰһ۷ʦˡԼֵס򻪵һȭҲϲ

ʱ˵ĹҲգۼֱλ򻪡
ΪܹԸôߣҾֻʶʶʵһƻӶΪ񱩵ĺڹ⣬ӿûһɼΪаɭȻĹӰֱˡ
ˣˣˣˣ
˵ȭͷڹӰ֮ϣʱһƵ졣
ȻǵȫûнӰ飬ùӰϸֳһ˿
ˡ
˵Ĺûֹ£ͣػȭһȭͬڹӰ֮ϡ
ȻĽȴһǵȫȴ򻪵ķȥ
ô򻪵ķֶΣȻôǿȥ˿϶ǹ򻪵Ķ֡üͷ̲ס˵ʵȻǿҲû뵽򻪵ֶͬס
˵Ĵ˷¾Ƕ״ʦԵֵȻȴ򻪵ķƲ
˱𼱣˵ıȻҰޣԶʱֶҲǷͬѰĿұ죬ҲûʩչءʱΪ˽ϻô
ԣ˿
վֶûó
ֶλʰ򻪣뻹һ˿ϣ
Сӥŭ׼ͻϮʱ򣬳Ҳֻѡˡ
СӥͰŭķԸҲ֣صͷǰȴ˷ĹøѰһᡣ
ĸСҵķƲȻͼɱңھɱǡ򻪼޷ƿԼķʱЦȫźâŨа֮ɢ
ر¶˫ۣȫڹ⡣
Ӱ֮ǰ˼޷ȥ򻪵ĹҲͣ˹
͡
һ˲䣬ǵϣͻȻӳһ٣ЩֱӲںɫӰ֮ϡ
֮Уƺһɢš

󳽻ԱǼǺɫӰȻ˳٣ٵȥ

Ӧ˵ɫӰٸš

̶̲ʱ䣬ǺɫӰеĹ⻪Ǽһ롣
ꡭ
չ٣ҲǱ鲼ڹ⣬ڹ⼴ӵʱڰپȥڵء

һ̣ٶȱһ͵ĹֻȭͬʱںɫӰ֮ϡ
꣡
ɫӰʱͬһ㣬ֱӻɷ飬ѿһ˿˿ĺɢڿС

ֻȭͷȥƲԸٶȣӭĹ򻪡
ʲô
򻪼òƬ̣Լǿͱ˸ȥͷ
ʱ˵ֻȭͷҲǿǰĻᶼûС

Ҳûԥʱ䣬ֻӳͼֵס˵Ĺ
Ȼ˫ѵȭ
Ȼһʱֵס˵Ĺȭȴֱӡϡ

ֻȭͷͬʱϣһƵ졣
򻪵ϣͺһըըһ㡣
ؿڴĺۣҲֱѿһӡ
ŵŵš
ֻܵ˵Ĺ򻪵̲ס
̽׶Ʒħͬ׵ޣҪǿ١
˵ĹǿҪˣҲΪס
˶Ȼͼңֱ
Ȼûˣ˵Ĺȴжŭһһɹۻĺڹӿֱ˷ȥ
ݡ

Ȼʱ򻪵ҼϣͻȻڹһǸܵԼҼ紦һʹ
ƫͷȥ򻪱ǿԼҼ紦Ȼǳһֳ˿ڣɫѪҺ
С
һ̣򻪵ĿվڳԲԶСӥϡ
Сӥһצ֮ϣմȾһ˿ѪҺ
Ȼոշ͵ϮģСӥ
Ź򻪵˼ȫʱСӥԥطΪĹֱ۴һ˿ڡ
ˣ򻪵ʵ̫ǿˣȻոڷҪƿ壬еѡٸһλᣬһԽֱ۸նСӥЩźڳԵԺ
ͷ֣򻪵ΪرǼҪҪƿǧѡ
Сӥͽ˹򻪵ֱϣͼնһֱֻۣʵ½
򻪵ķȴǱеĻҪǹûκεֵСӥͬ޷ɸҵ˺
ûϵһǡʵ֮ǿҲְֻ취ˡҡͷ˵
򻪵ս¾ʦԶԸԾ˺СӥŭæҲս
սȫΪ
𡭡
Ȼ䣬ͻȻͷһ
һɹɸΪۻĺɫ壬ʱĿ³
ɫ֮Уħ
Ǻɫ壬۳һֻĺɫħ
𣡡
ɫħһγɣƬط·ҲΪ֮
ֻħֺܵİħ޲֡
ħ̲صǲѰʦȫһˡ


249 룡
ħβֻͫ˳Եϡ
𣡡
ħһֱӳųԷ˶ٶ֮죬ֱǷ۵档
ʱ˾볽ҲŲپ룬޷ǰȳԣֵħ
ֻǶ㿪ˣ
ħ̲صӴεҡͷʩչݣֱܿ
ˣſ콫ħˡ
ȻڳԸҪ֮ʣȴͷƤһ顣
̵ħǿ൱״ʦȫһͷƤ˵
ʱ򣬿¾֣ܹ֮ɣ
û뵽񲻽ûгְæ̵֮
ֻͷһתĿһ˵аսħˣ
ȻڵΪѾָһƿħҲáȴֱӽգתΪָϻõʵʱ˵ǿǿн򻪸ռء
Ȼˡ
Ҳ²⣬³ԺɣǰѰ״ʦԺɱħֱſ͡
ڸʲôô㿪͸
ǲǷˣǸңᱻֱӺɱ
ó˾ٶԵ˶ʱŨŨ뾪֡
ŷѩʩȻԳԼģʱó˾ٶ֮϶Ǹֳǡ
СӣֱȻֱҵħ
ϸֳ֮ɫǿһ䵽ԵϺ󣬳Ե彫ըɶٿ顣

Ȼ͵ųԱը֮ʱǿƿֲޱȵħҪڳԵʱȴͻȻСһڹ⣬ֱӴӳԵ˽ȥ
һĻֱó˵ɴ۾
ʲôԺħ̽Եˡ
Ҳ̫˼˰ɣǿǿ״ʦȫһȻһڳˣʲôģ
˶һȻԡ
еΪɻģȻʩչĹˡ
ô£ʦֵģôһڽˣ
۾ɵϴϰ벻Ȼ
ƺڵĳֶˡȻʱ򻪵ڣͻȻһϵ
һݣæʵϣ˵ǸԵ棬иĶ
ˣھȥ׽סǸŮģȻֱ뿪ϵٶȴ
żǳԲɱɱӵĳ˰
ߣΪҲ֪ʲôõܣʵûΪӱ¡
ǵһµԺ˵еǻᡣȥץǸŮģ֮ľ壬ܹɣ˵ҵʵֱӻָһɣһָ˵ʵʵͬԿ
ȫھȥץǸŮģ
򻪵µͷĿת˲Զŷѩϡ
ݡ
ûƬ̳ɣһֱӳŷѩȥ
ŷѩ򻪾ȻԼͷʱһȻǿҵΣĵð
ȻԹ̽׶ƷħȴǸͲ֪ȥֵ
ݡ
ٶȼ죬գۼŷѩǰ⣬ȻΪϾܹ׽סŷѩ֮ʱŷѩǰĿռͻȻ䶯һӰֶ
ǳԣ
һγʹõĲǷռϻõİ

һ̣ȻŷһŰɫŨ
򻪵ٶȼ죬һͷʹܽŨ֮С
ˡ
ǿҵ֮Ȼ֣򻪵壬ȫס
ǰδеΣУʱӹ򻪵ð
ԺиֳʧǰһĻǰһ

򻪽ڵȫתͼֵס֮
ȻþȫҲ޷ѿ
оƾ֮ԼߣôȴԼģƱһΪµĽ
ϣң
Σв֮£򻪸˲ʲôֱӴһ

ϵӹһŨ˼ĺӹӿ˰ס
һ̣򻪱Ũס壬𽥵˿ȥ
쳷
򻪵ٶϵ˷ŭա
򻪸ûȥ룬ʱǵѣѿŨʶˣֱϰգͼֱ롣
һ̽׶ƷħҪߣϸûܹ֮¡
͡
ȻʱһڹȴͻȻӹ򻪵ұ۴
ҵʹù̲סʹһ
ұۣҲźڹӹ·ȥ
ˣ㾹ȻҶұۣӽҪ
Ȼ򻪵Ļδ˵꣬һŭը죬ﶫߣﲻɣ
ԣ̲ס£Ȼûҷء
һǾ³ĻὫɱڶǵ˼
ԣһġ޾ıޣһӣǳԶɶȥ
ˣ̽׶ƷħʵĹ򻪣ԳʱȻˣ찡ԵʵȻȳ̶ȡ
ƺǳԱظ֣ոҸоһλֳ֣λù򻪲òߡ
ֵı£ѾԶˡ
Ժͽ˼һĻ̾
˭뵽Ǹͽ߽ʦվȻᱬ˶Ŀʵ
սڴʦ֮¿޵УϻޣǻһΪǿصĸ֡
ֶΣӿһУû˿Աȵϰɣ
СӥһȻ򻪵ֱ۶ˣûɱҲòˡЦ
ȴɻʵոҼϻѾ֣ƺϾͿԽռ䣬ôˣ
óʳ⻰Ҳһݣû´Ļڹ򻪵ڣǱһΪİħովΪĳ֣򻪲ŵѡ
İħ⽫һĪҲΣϾϻúͷָʵǺǿȻĻ򻪱İħҲһʰˡ
ˣȽǰ鷳˵ҡҡͷȥ롣ȻһֻҪ㹻ʵ¡
򻪶ϱϵĿռָȡ£ԵĿֱ˲Զս
Ȼߣɻ̽װħԼڶĻƽװħʱ밵ħĶսУѾȫѹ·磬ڶࡣ
һĻԵüͷɵϻãûаսЩħȫռ䣿
ϻһȻеǿӦû⡣
Ǳְɡ
ǣˡ
䣬ԵڶʱӿһɹɵŨŨ֮У̲һּΪȻǺǿңһ֣ռеԪǱüΪ·ܵĳֿһ㡣


250 뿪Ĺż
Ũӿٶȼ죬֮䣬ǽսС
໹ǰħоԼ·һռ䣬ǰǰããһƬеʬѪҺȫʧ
գ
һ̣ϻôһ˳Թ֮⡣
ΪЩɶİħػĻڲŻᱻڰħϻǷԹޡ

£еİʱųԵӿȥŨ֮Уʱʱźڹһš
̶̲ʱ䣬սûʣһħеİħ˷ռ䡣
ϻħʵҲǻָø࣬ǿһ̽׶Ʒ̽Ʒİħ뵽ռ䣬ܹ쵽
ǰİħȻڶ࣬ǧ֮࣬ʵϻ˵ѶҲ̫
ħأѵȫóԸˣ
ʲôֶΣֱδżδ
˼ǰԼɱûȵİħŨͻȻʧԭأһĿ⣬䵽˳Եϣһ񿴹һضųԡ
رǻտֶ԰ħ˽ˣ𾪡
ħǿǼѶԸĴڡ
ΪԾɱùߣҪµ鷳ҲΪѣȴ볽һ֣ͽеİħˡ
ֶΣǱ˵û˵
¾еڣӵаɣ
ˣЩʵ̫ӴˣȫͻưҺϻÿ¶ÿʼչˡûãԵԺб˷ϲ
Ҳܹ󵽣ǧͷƽװħͷ̽װħǺεӴҲǵǾбչأͻҪ
ãǽԼСģӡڵʹȨҾȫ㣬Һϻþһıչˡŷ£ûһϢ
ЦһҲ֪ϻÿʼ˱չء
Ϊڴȷϻô˴αչؽʵָ֪εȳ̶ȡ
ʵȻָ࣬ٶָʦҲҪӱŬˣʵѸ٣Ҳ̫ࡣСӥͰŭջطռ䣬ֱŷѩˣѩû°ɣ
ѩЦҡͷû£Ҳû°ɣ
Цҡͷ
֣еɫӴЩ밵ħƴս㾹Ȼһ¡ԵҲ˹һӵӡ
ô᲻Ĵء
ԿЦҡͷ֮ѯѩȫΪոֹ򻪶ѩͻϮ߶ŵһѯʡ
ԵȻҲΪѳԣһܣԵû뵽ħֶξȻôһ˲ذ
ԣɫҲصشܡ
ԭǽߣȴֻʣһ룬ֻǧˣҴ󲿷϶ơ
ϣȴǸܵһȵս
ϣܹܵԷĮӣֻսɱ
ˣƱػΪһǿߡ
εսȻʧأȴҲǾһĥȫȫɱûκɽǱΪȡһͻƻҪҪöࡣ
رŷҵӵܣȻҲʧ˲ˣÿϵƶֱ
ŷ˴ζŷӵܵĥĿģˡ
ħʼҪٶ࣬ϰħҲҪսףⲻǵΣǵϣҲҪΪ£Ȼ
ɱħ
óԵĻŷӵܣȻߺȳ

ΪһߣԼµԡ
ɱħ
һ߽ǸŴ
ʱ䣬Ƭٶȳһɼᶨ
оƬռеɽ¥·һ
ڣԺϻʵָˣһؽڣûǰҫƬأһ
ΪϻãҲΪҫΪƬǰΪ
ֵó
֣ǷѰҳȥˣι󣬵ֹߵʵ
ԵͷҲûʲôѰˣǾѰҳڰɡ
Ҷ̵ͷովһսȻսⰻȻȴƣҸط
ŷҵˣǸΪС
ĲϢǧŷҵİΣ
ǰӹûǱһֱϵŷҰΣȻʩһŽ۷ʦǰŷңȻ޷סеĵǡ
ҲǷһ㣬ҰѰҳڵ
ԼĪʱһɽ棬Ѱҵһڡ
ûйԥԴ˷׷ȥ
֣ڴȥģҪҪֱӸһȥ̳ǣ
߳ڣϤԭǳǰߵЦѯʵ
һҲǽſڣǰھٳѡΣҲֻʣ¶ʮʱ䣬㲻ֱǰ̳ˣҲʶһ̳ǵķ⡣
̳ǣӿĿǣŵ𣿡üͷһΪӿĿǣڣ̳ǱȻԻʤǳ֮ء
ǧطѰĸֳ
û㹻ѹʵܹȥ

ðٳѡοʼȻǻǰ̳ǣһеҪȥҲλǰˡ뵽ǧŷڰΣδ֪Իҡͷܾ
Ҳ뵽̳Ȼڶ࣬ڵʵվ̫ʸﵱԼ̨
ʮʱ䣬ԱȻҪԼʵٶһΡ
ȻǴμһİٳѡΣԭȻΪȵһٲμء
ⷬЦڵս㲻ֱӳΪŵŵӣҲԿԳΪŵӣͻƵʦΪŵӿ϶ȵ¡
ҲεҡҡͷݣֻҪ˵ϼ䣬ǿóֱӳΪŵŵӣֻϴŷѩ˵Ƿȴ⡣
ҪţȻ῿Լʵߺš
ʵǿҪΪŵŵӣЩܡ
ԶԴҲνЦЦٳѡεµ˵ɣҵȸϻǧǣǧʲô״
üͷ΢壬ŷ˵飬̲סɻ֣ѵǧǣ㻹ʲô鷳£
ԼҲûˣֱӵҲǺ֮ǰǧǻЩԹڻĹżʱǼ˸ͼıǣȴǷɱǻҵļӹȴ룬ҵڷǧǣͼӺŷҵˡ
ԭ
һͻȻǧǾҲԶҲûʲô飬ǰһǧǰɣҵҪڻ˭Ҵ򳽻⡣
Ǵڶûʲô£͸һǧǿȥǧǽЩʱ䷢һЩҲ˵ˣھȥƣĸ۵Ļŷңǳ㣬˵ǲǣҲǿ˵˵ʱһվڳԱߵŷѩ


251 λ
óŷѩ֮Ĺϵͬһ㡣ǧǵļļǧǵľƱȻҪһµϴƣÿԳô˻ǰһǧǣŷһѡ
˭ǳֵܣӾͰƤˡ
û˭ҪǸǳֵܣӣҲҪʬΡ
һ߷׷˵
ǰξǵ˵ٲȻǵľˡ
³Կ鷳£óԿڣڰæ
Ȼˣҳڴ˾ͶлλˡҲþܾҵĺ⣬ǰ˹˵
һ˻˰
վڳŷ̲ס̾һȻǵõһ볽ԼʱԻҪϹϾȳȻڶ̶̲¹򣬳ԲϹټһˣԺɨ˵̽׶ƷħԸʰˡ
ֶΣڰ֮ǰŷ붼ȥ롣
Ϊ˾ʦӿһУǰéɣտͬҡͷ̾ʶʱû࿴һۡ
³չֳֶΣȻǱҪǿϲ٣ⲻò̾޳
£һûͣٶȳǧǸȥ
ʱǧǵĴţǳǰ
ǧǳ⣬Ųٵĳء
ͻȻǧ߳ǧЩÿһƶΪرǰļˣǸо̩ɽѹѵĸо
ͻȻôߣһЩСĳΪǵϮҪرճţ׼
סǲŷҵˣǸǰģŷҵļŷ壬ͷôԱߵˡǳԡ᳤̻ʩҹҲ
ǽϣͳ췽߹ڶߣһɻ󣬲û룬ֱӴ³ǽ߳š
ʱ򣬳ԵҲߵǧǵĳǽ֮¡
ŷ֪ЩǰǧǣΪ£ӭŷ壬ɫ˵֪ô߽ǧǣҿԵıλóǵɱ

£Ǹߴĳǽ֮ϣȻ̽һֳֹӰ
˶ȻҶŷҵĹ񣬴
ŷ״һݣԥϣһɰԪɢͬ򷽺
ȻҶҳ֣ŷ壬ֱ㣬ɱ֮ŷҲҪǳϹټҵƲá
ŭһ߽۷ʦԪ¶һȭŷ塣
ϹټצʵϹƻҪǿһ֣ϹٽԭǧļҪͿŷֱӶֱ֣ǶĪ衣
ЦƾҲƲҡ

꣡
ŷ廰£˵ȭͷǴһһͷѵԼһ죬ͬʱ
ͨ
һ̣߽۷ʦΪķͬ߷ݰ㣬ź浹˳ȥ̱ͬڵأ˿
æǰȥ
ʱһĵĻͻȻ³ŽʦôܣǺһ߽۷ʦôһӴﵽŽʦ
˵仰ͬըеĳը졣
Ϊ߽۷ʦķѾĿи߲ʵλ˵Ű˽ʦΪĳϹٽиͬһ㡣
Ȼ£ԭĿеλǺܸߵŷҼȻǱֳ˸Ϊµʵ
Žʦ
Ϲٽǧǳڼ䣬Ĵ壬ͼŷҡŷҴδԲǧǵ£ܷλĹż֮УϹٽĴıǣ˻Ҽӹ룬Ϲٽڣ˶Ըһһնɱ
ŷ嵭Ƴһ۷
ʲôǾȻɱˣԸɱˣ˿Ű˽ʦΪ
ôɱ˳ǣ˵ǧڼʱΪʦѡ
˵Ŀȫ䵽˳ԵϣǸ벻ͨʦΪĳԣƾʲôɱӵа˽ʦΪϹٽ
ȻǲỳŷĻ
ŷþŽʦ϶ƭЩ
һʱ䣬ͨ˵ĳ򳽻ԵĿʱÿ־
ΪǧǵĳϹٽĵϵ£Ϲٽг𣬼пҲŹǡ
ͳݼ
һͳĿ΢΢ãһҧֱߵǰص
ݼ
״һ޲ֱӹ£һη˵
ӽ쿪ʼǧҲûϹټ壬ֻгԺŷҡǧǵĳ֮λȻǡ
ŷҲǸֳһĨЦ⣬Ŀ򳽻ԣ֮ЩߣĿľΪһƾٳǧǵĳ
ȻҪԵ֮ʱȴͻȻǰһǧǵĳ֮λȻǷŷĪҳԺεºܹΣ
Сѣ㡭
ŷʱһڳҲɻ̧ͷ׳ΪλͻȻ֮λƴǵ
ܹΪһ֮Ǻεȹ֮¡
԰ֵŷ壬֪˼ڳλû˭ʺλáȻϹٽ˶ɱҸ˽˶Թǣϳ֮λᣬԲǲɱģ֮λҶûϵҵǧ£Ϥ˵ϣŷŷұǧǵԸҿ϶Īǧǳ֮λӦ
ҡ
ŷ壬ûʲôˡҵǧЩʱձǻ뿪ܲϣԺһ˦ƹɣһЦ
Ѿһ˦ƹ񣬿ɲڶΡ
ŷ壬ͱƴˣֲǹ֮Ȼ϶ϣܹǧǵĳԸɡǰ˵
ãȻˣŷ岻ţǧǳ֮λˡŷǵͷӦ
ڳԣȴǳ˸мǵǧǵĳŷҽķչĪĺô
ǧ߼һĻ򳽻ԵĿʱһ־⡣
ǿԾǲһĵ䷶
ݼˣ
һĻͳʱŷ壬ĳҲǷ׷תŷ壬ص
λ𡭡
ŷǰһվ
ͳ죬ѯʵ֪֪ŷҺͻʲô״
ͳŷἰŷңüͷʱ˰ŵڵŷңЩ⡣
ŷѾȫסˡ
ӳͳе֪ŷҵ״󣬳ŷٶȸŷң˲ӣǱǸϵŷҵĴ֮⡣һܣΧգüͷɵ


252 ʾ
󣬸źѹѹǧǼǽŷҶΧ
ԣҿǻȽȥɡ
վڳŷѩ˵
Եͷһ֣ŷǸ߸ߵĴţǺȻ
ӭλĹ֪λ˴εĻĹż֮УջǲǼΪʢأŸһһЦ
̶Ե˱ǿڴ֮ĲԶվһӰ
Ϊ֮ˣǰڻĹżУ㱻նɱĻҼӹ
ʱĻӹȫû֮ǰǱһĵԣǿ˵Ŀ⣬ǳϷʡ
ӹûжŷҵʲôȻһڡŷӹͫ׶ʱ˵֮䣬һǿҲǴӿֱѹӹ
ȻͻƵ˾Žʦŷ֮ջ񼫷ءŷǹǿľŽʦϢӹ֮ɫ
Լ˻Ĺż֮УڿҲܹͻƵŽʦɣ
ŷ壬ȰòҪ˺ңȻĻҿɲұ֤ŷҵŶӹЦһŷв
⻰ŷ˫۶ʱû뵽㾹ȻĸҶŷңӹǻҳ군ˡ
𣿡
ӹÿɷƳŷһۣ¡
һ̣ĴţȻ򿪣һӰ߳
Щˣȫǻˡ
ֻʱǵϣȴһˡ
ϵˣȫŷҵˡ
ңЩ˳ԻΪϤ
ŷܵŷȾŷȺŷҵλŷղŷ䣬ˣŷԼŷڶϵӵܡ
ֻǵĲϣһѷУݲǶ˿
磬ǰҲŷȺһŷ壬æȡ
ŷղҲͬǴȣȾǰɣٲǻӹҪɱˡ
ǰ
ǶˣŷҲҲǿȣûһ˿Ϊķ緶
ʱҲûκη緶ɽ
ŷ嵭Ƴһۣûп˵
磬뿪ӹԸŷңܹԸġߡŷȾ˼С
˵ӹһŵͬСɣλ˲ٸֹʦУǻû߰Ȼûˡ
ϣǿӡ
ŷŷٶǼ
С㡭
ʱͻȻܽһӰӰֱӵʩԣ֮ǰʩɳǰŷұŷ˵᳤
᳤ʩԣֱӹ°²δܱŷҡ
֪ˣŶˣܱԼѾܲˡʩҡҡͷʾû¡
᳤СѾ֪ˣ
ţȿŰɡ
С㣬ԷʦˣҿǻȳɣȻ̫Σˡ᳤ص
ŷ֮ãǵʩ¡
ʩҡͷõģվһԿš
ǰ밵ħһսʩ֪Լ߾źεǿݡ
ŵ˲ֻãǳˣµķǡ
С㡭᳤Ȼ֪ʩΪ򶨣ʩľɡ
վʩԣ᳤ȴѾתԪʱս׼ƴҲҪסʩ
û뵽Żˡ
һԵĳ£û뵽ô鷳Ҫ֪ɱԭ飬ڻûȥء
ɴ˿ɼŵ˾ΰԵԻûԭôǾ˹鷳
ٶõġ΢΢ۣȴ򶨵˵
ϵĻŷһºϵĵ֮ɫҲǾɢȥ
Ȼ֪ģȻõģſа취ǡ
ŷ̧֣ʾŷȾ԰꣬ŷȺȴֱӣŻӹӹ㹴Ըŷңϣһ͡
ߣԸ˾ǶԸˣôֱͣӸɣŷöԸֻҪȫǧǾͿˡڣ뽫ԽҡôóԻŷô˵㻻ӹ˵ţĿ˳ԡ
ҪĿǳԡ
ŷңǼѾ˵Ȼ׽˳Ժǻնɱŷ壬ʱŷҶ˵ûκвôԸôԸ
ǺǣӦ㱳Ҫ׽ȥ׸ǵɣ⻰ŵ˵ɣȻ˵㣬Ϊ俤ĵһɣӦòں°ɣߵǰ˵ԵüΪƽ
СȻмֵӣѹǡȻ˵˵͵ܵͷˡ
һЦͻȻӻӹĴ洫˱ǼӴӴϷ£ֱ˻ӹǰֱųԡ
ĹǿϢҲǽԸס
С飬û뵽㵹ֵͦģȻҶײҾץ׸Դ㡣УΪ׵һ꣬꿴ȥһĸоֱųԣ˵
Ŀ򳽻Եŷһˣŷҵ£˿Թӱһ¡
ǲҪԸңƺŷҲŹأǰһüͷ˵
Ц˵ŷҵЩ˺ϵǳȻҪȫɱˣѲ㻹Ϊһǣ
֮䣬š
ΪϣӿŵԪǴﵽһ۷ʦˣҲǶǴﵽһ״ʦĲΡ
ǴЦһ׳յӶųԡ
λǵĿ겻ҳ԰ˡҪԸŷҵĻôǿɾͱ뽫һץǵǰˡֱĿ⣬˿壬һ˵
ˣǵ˼浱ǲɱ㲻ɣŭһƶͬһŭ޳򳽻ԡ
ЦǸɱңǵˣλҲøˡܹλʦǿ߸ҳᣬҳԾҲź
ߣɱǵ֣ǲɱ㣬ŷҪĿŷ壬ɱڡ
ӦǴӦ˻ӹ˵Ҫɱŷİɣû뵽λȻôãӦ˻ӹҪɱŷ壬һɱŷ塣֪Ȼ˵ãЩ֪ģ»Ϊλǻӹ߹ʹءЦ˵
ԣ˵˵ӹһ֮ɫʼ
ӹʲôʱʦ߹ʹˣʲôʱôĵˣ
Ϊźʦӹ֪Ѿ˶˼
ʦǻͷһۻӹɱһš
ѾǾһԣɱӹܻ᲻˵л


253 бµĻ
ԣҶȦӣҲɱŷ壬ǲʹΣŷɱˡһɱٶһ֡
˳ɱĻȴ죬¶һƼΪɰЦݣɱŷ壬Ҿɱ޷Ŵȥǵ
ߵߣΪǻв˵ʱֱӸɱġ
ЦΪǵ𣿡
㡭Сӣвǣ
һˣвҲν
ó⻰˫۲ɵ
գѡЭãҴӦ㣬ŷһ˶ɱӹˡ
ǣˣ
ӹȻʣȴǲ˵˼ոѾܵ˶Էϵһ˿ɱ⣬Լ˼»һʱ䱻ɱ
󣬻ӹ±ǽһŷҵˣˡ
ŷҵæ˵ŷ󣬸ûƬͣ
ΨŷȾŷˣߵǰؾһлСȡ
ǾöԲסԣ˶ƫͷ߿볽ֱӣǶöԲ𳽻ԡ
ŷ٣ԳԵһлл󣬱ȸԾ˿ϣƺһ㶼ǡ
ȫΣգҲ̲סһûκι˼˰
һ̣ԵУҲһǰδеɱ⡣
޵ģǱвˡ
ԣ͸ǰŰɣ˵λĹż֮ջʢһҲ˵ٶǰ߳һȫͲĳԿߡ
һ۷ʦǰԸͲһ˿ᡣ
ֻ⻰Ժͽȴ̿
ԭĹż֮ջ᣿
֮ǰɽ£ǿûԭһˣʲôջ
ŵļʮӣһΪ˵ĵӶûС
ǶûЦǶóԸոװƭԷŷҵˣΪνԭ죬ѾԸնɱˡ
ȻڳԽŷҵ˾ȳˣԵ˻Ǳ˳Ĭ
µѣڳ˵ʲô
⣬ֻһ״ʦѡ
Եǵģ˭Ҳòߡ
ۡ
Ȼһ̣Խµĵ棬ͻȻѿĵӴѪ⣬ųĴҪȥ
ĵѪ⣬ÿһжӿżΪǿ񱩵ϢҲﵽ˿һ״ʦĲΡ
һĻͻϮɫޱ䣡
͵ϮԿˣ
üһ״ʦͻȻ͵Ϯ޲ɫޱ䡣
ʵҲЯˣԿһ״ʦ͵ϮͬΣޱȣһߡ
ʱҲǸܵһǿҵΣ
ֻ÷·޾ѪϢᵽϢ
ˣ
ûκԥ˶ûٻֱӶռ䣬һ̱ǳ׿⡣

θո˿ԭվĵ棬ĵͬʱ£һ쳣ըȻǼӲĵ棬ֱӱըһĶò
񱩵ԪҲмɢ
⹥ڳԵϣ³˴ͱ׵Ĵ幦Ҳǻᱻըɷ顣
ȻˢӣѹѪŵ˶ɱ
ͻȻԱߣһòϴ˿˿аϢԣվѪϢޡ
ֻϣȴǸܵһǿҵ
ޣԲǻѾû
ͻȻԵԺֳ֮ǰկٵƷٻѪǣѪǣһȻûսǲס
ңΪûκУп־壬ҲеʹΪѲĶ֡
Ѫţ
ԵԺ֣üͷȴΪû˵
ѪŵˣΪҪԳԶɱУԿѪţʱտһ̤ԣסԣ
ʩȼʦҲǰȥڻտԣóԡ
Цһ򳽻ԣԼ֪ˣ֮ǰɱѪŵһӣƷᣬ֪ûӡ󡣡
ԭƷѪŵĵӡ۾һУߵտԣ֮ǰ̤ԭʱ齲տ
󣬿ЦŵƷᵱҪɱǣҪǵѸ檣ɱ˱ɱˣ㵱ʱ֪ѪŵĵӣҲеڶֽ
֣Ѫʲôͷɻʵ
ϵѪʵ㲻ǬԪǴԭħƽʱٻرɱһӣǿ϶ǻѰ鷳
ǵǿ
ţǿȻʦҲҽǵšϵͷҲһ˿أת˲ǵֲõģǸƷѩӣѪŵĵӣҲɱ
ڳǰȻܵ͵ˣȴǱǿơ
ΪŰ츳ӵǿơ
һɱ˾ɱˣС֣Ѫĵ²ɱ֮촽ɱȻ
ϺȻЦ֮ôҿϵȷûʲôŵСͿϣһͨӶѣɱĻɱǡ
СͿϣŴϵĵӣüͷһ壬ʵ
ûҲ֪ҵˣǿԶɱ𣿡Ϸʵص
㡭
ѪһǵĿֻǳԣСͣҲ뱣ס
λŵҪȥ䣬֪λɷӣǽԻŴȥŵüͷ
ѪмƳһ꣬ѪŰ£ʲôʱҪŵˣùԹԵߵһȥȻһʰˡ
˶㡭
ʱŭҪֽѵѪȴǱһסʦ֣ǲΪĶѣ˾͵ѪţһҪѪŵ˽սֵ̫ˡ
ԣĿʱһһµʧ󣬱һŵ˲֣ɱԺʬǱҪҡ
ʬֲŽ࣬ǰҪȥǡǰʬ廹ڣѪЦһĿ䵽˳ԵϣСӣɱѪŵĵӣɣɱ
ݡ
£Ѫƻֵ͵ػգһʵʵԪâƴɳųɱȥ
Ѫŵĵӡ
տҲѪŵĿһӿ򳽻ԵԪâֱɢȥ
Ůޣ㵹мʵ֪ûȤҵ˫ް£ҿԽҵԴ㹲һ롣ѪĿڻտһɨаص
бµĻԡ


254 
տɱһͬȰ㣬Ѫ

ѪҪǰ壬һӰǰ
ͬʱǿҵΣҲϯͷ
ôܣ
ѪŵһΪûһ״ʦȴû뵽ϷŮӣʵȻǿȵز
ٶȣҲƥ
ɱ˳ԣ
֮£Ѫ´ͬʱԼҲתȫԪӭ˻տ
ݡ
ѪʱԵͷԼһˣҲٶȣ˳ԣͼٶɱԣӶְѪԸտ
չѪŵĵӸȤҽҲͬȤҵҪרſƵ޵ߣĴʦǲǸЩЦһٶȣӭ˶
ˣǴЦһӭޡ
ʱɴʦĺԪҲǵȻ
ʲô
ȻȫǴʦ
ôܣ
һĻŵӶʱû뵽ոɱһˣ˻տȻͻȻðʦ
ʵʦ
ҿǹϢսԣǱǸǿһ֡
һʱ䣬ǵĿ˲Զĳԣǵޱ𶯣û뵽ڳԵԣȻһ״ʦһʵ˿һ״ʦŮӡ
ݣǿ⣬Ǹѹס
ǲףԸոյı֣ȫʾǡ
ĿģҪŷҵˡ
Ѫŵ˳ˣտɱģĸ˰ɣ
ԡȻôֲʦǧǣһ֮ذҼӹڲһĻ󣬶ʱ̱ڵأ޾Ŀ־塣
վŷŷˣһؾϲ
ԱȻʦų԰ŷңŷұȻһɳ죬ſϵݣ̳ǷչŷҴŷղ˷ܵ˵
ŷȺҲ˷ֱܵͷûûʦŷҺγˣ
ߡոճðǣһлĻûС˼һֳǿʵͿʼ⣬ŷˣŷȾе衣ŷȾŭ
ŷȾɲô˵
ˡ
ŷϻҪ˵ĴŷղĮʹŷղŷȺ˵壬ֱӽԭأӽ쿪ʼŷǧǵǾͱˡŷǻе⣬ͽǴˡšǽͶҲٻǧˡ
߽
ҲȥæɣȻѪŵ˶ˣǾͽȫɡԶǰսһ˿˵
ѪŵˣƷһԵᱡտ˵ԺͻտֻͨѣԷᱡտͬɱ
ã
ʩǧĶ˶ûκ飬±ֱӳǰȥһ״ʦǿƣҲǴǶɢ
һĻȻŵӾѡ
߾Ȼʦ
ŵ˸ոնˣѪŵû֣Ųǻᱻֱѹ
뵽ֽͷ϶ʱ˿˿亹
ӹǼһĻȴûκα顣
Ѿȫľˡ
ʩǧĶ˵ļ룬ѪһʱȫѹסʩǧĶԸޣΪǱģȻޡ
ûʹΪ˶
ѪʵǿκλտʵеĻҪ޷Ǳտѹס
ŵλֵܣڳߵĶǸסˣǲ׽׸ھʱٲ֣ʱѪͻȻŵ˴
һ֮˲ɵýĿͶ˳ԣһۣĿжԥͳɡ
˵עӣԵӭȥﲻûп־壬һ˿ƣιûУǶأٲ֣Ͼûˡʦһʦ˰ɣ
磬ССթǶ֣˵ֶûʩչһǶˣпܻĿ걳һ꿪ѵ
ĿųԣȻЦԱϲˣı϶ҲΪǾˢıԲҶ֣ǾͷУƫƫ֣ʲôıƣʦΣȻǻ׽ֻҪһͿˣǾȥ֫ˡ
ã
£˺ԥس򳽻ԣʦƼѹԱߵĿϴ
ֻϵȴûκξ֮ɫϷǸֳһ˿Ц⡣
ĸһ
λȻˬ졣ȻˣҾǸˬһѰɡ˾볽ֻʣ²ԶʱԻȻЦһ
𡭡
һ̣ĵߴӰӳԵڷһƶʱɢǿϢֱ顣
ʦ
ĵӰɢǿϢʱŴͣǰĵӰӣܵɢϢŴ͵飬ɲǼ䳹״ź˸죬ⲻʦ𡭡ޣ
귢һĻҲǲˡ
ޱߵĿ־壬ʱ˵ͬˮɢ
Ȼ׼߻һЩԸǵֶΣǶΪƾǵʵӦ
Ȼζû뵽ǿԶԸǵֶΣԽѹޡ

ͣɲǣǷ׷˵ǰǿİͬĲӬһ㣬ݺݵǵԴ

㲻ɱǡ
һ̣ظܵޱߵϢ³ſ־ĺʱǵĿб

Ȼ˲ܻΪǵĺж˿ͣͣЯɽʯܵİƣֱǵ֮ϡ
ͬһʱ䣬һҲǵԺ𣬡ǰҲ׹ʵǵڻĹż֮ѾҸնɱˣ
ԣӶʱɵùԲŨŨĲںޡһ̣ǵԴͬһ㣬ֱĳɷ顣
ġ׵Һ
ͨ
ǰһʦ̱ͬڵأ鴤£ûκζ
⡭
һĻȫˣ֪޵ˣǽסһ
Ȼ֪ޣ֮ǰ˳ʱǹ򻪣ǵײкǿ޷չ¶˵Ŀ¸û˼ʶ
Ȼ˿̣ȴؼʶһΣ˵Ŀ¡
ǵȺֶΣ¾Ǳ֮ħҲй֮޲ɣ


255 ʦֶ
ȻҲ֪ȫӳԣȻǲ캦֮¡
֮ԵΪµޣ
ӣ
ԶѪһĻŵð߶ʮһȫԪŻտȥԼΣȻһȥ
ʶ˵ĿͣƬ̡
ˡ
䡭
Ȼոת֮ʣȴͻȻ֣һ쳣ǿľͬ籩Ϯľ磬󼸺ǴݿĽľݻ١
ɾ֮лųǵĺ·ľ綼
ѪʶһҲɲǼģ
ʦ
ǰȫڰ֮ǰѪԺĸ֣һ̣ޱߵĿ־Ϣʶȫû
տѪ󣬽ˣҲ̽һֻޡ
֣ߵޣǿ°¾ңǵĶ֡ߵǰɻһ˿֮ɫ
ʩԵҲͬˣտҲһݡ
ʵҲǽҲŵõǣѾҵĻˡЦһջطռ䣬һۻտһ˿ݡ
ոջտ֮ʣܵһɼΪǿҵľ񲨶
񹥻
һ񹥻տԽ׽һ״ʦնɱ
ֶΣҲֻоʦܰ쵽ɣ
ʦֶΣȻǼΪ£
󳽻ŷ壬ʵŷ壬ҵЩδã
ʱĻӹѾ̱ͬڵأɫ԰Ϣήң˾֮ɫ
ԵĻӹȻûκζ
ꡭ
ŷû˿ɣֱǰһڻӹԴϣ֮նɱ
ŷ
ҵһ˼״ʱڵء
ŷ嵭ؿһۣڿʼǧҲû˻ң𣿡
ˣлŷ
ͷƵȥ
ȵȡ
ȻǸҪ֮߳ʣȴǳ¡
ʱҵٶӿֳ־
ҪɱǣǸûһ˿ܵĻᡣ

֪Լ˼Ժŷ壬ٽʲôŷˣҪƺˣ𣿡
ˣݼˡ
һ亹⻰оЩŷ
ɡ
ǣ
ûɢȥ֮󣬳ԷŶŻտ˹ֵţлλԮˡ
ǺǣڵֶΣǲ֣ЩҲ˲˿֮ǰҲȹǵξǳƽ˰ɡ
տҡͷһЦû⡣
ûʲôµĻȥô
Ц˵
տҡͷҿǲˣԺлɡ
֣Ҳ뿪ǧˣ´ΣǾ̳ɡǰ˵
̳һܿͻᵽˡ
֣롭Ҳøһ𷵻̳ˡ˵λĹż֮жҶǳұҪ췵űչܹڰٳѡοʼ֮ǰΪһµĲΡ
ԣ΢΢ͷҲ֪ϵõԪϵеѰطչ
ǾһŬЦŵһΣǴ̳Ǽ
ѩӣԺٶͷæչˡͻȻߵŷѩߣ˵
ŷѩͷİɣڲ۸ٶ´ǴҾ̳۰ɡ
ٶչ˺Լٳѡεʱǵõ̳ҡ
϶ŷЦЦͻȻŴѩӣֿɵüӿٶȷչɱҸٶһˣֶûǣһء
ֵ֣͡ȸˡ˵꣬ϴЦһ첽ŷҴ
ּͣ㽫ѩ׷֡ͬǴЦɵ˿첽׷ȥ
ǧĺͻĹȵˣҲǽ߳ŷҴš
տ˶ųԹ˹֣ȥ
վǧߣҲûͣ׷ȥǧǳȥ
ЩһҪ˻ڵ㡣
εҡҡͷǺܿ죬Ϳʩϣһ˿

æ죬һءʱϣתƻʩ֣׹Ӧͦʺģȥ
ʺĹ㿪Цɣʩҹӹ
츳ͨͨϣҪѰһʺĹǧѣҲǷǳȤ
ءġ׹ĸ֣ͫȴֱһʱ̧ͷ򳽻ԡ
ȴǰءϣЦ⹦ҿʺѰʶУҲֻʩһ˿ܽɹʩûȥʱٺúоɡ
ͬһʱ䣬һҲʩҹԺ𣬡˹ԶһλǰΪ׹ҿʺʩʩҪúϰ
ǱлˣʩҹҲ˵ʲôֱӽ뵽ռָУװʲôû
ǳһñ֪ϲһ׹Ȼļ֮֡
Ȼ׹ֻһ˿ɹ͸¶˿޷ɹͻԣʲôû
ʱŷҵ棬ȻһЩɧ
ֻһӰվŷԶߣָָ㡣
Щ˶ǧǵߣ򳽻Եߵ޲ǳ˾뾴η
Կһ棬૵ڵŷǧǣǵ֮ǿˡɱŵѪŵˣҲŷҴ鷳
˭Ҷŷңӿ֮߱
Ȼʱһ·뷢Яƥֱͬŭ˰ǧÿ˵Ķը졣
ڵŷңǧǵĵλӦ˿Ժˡ
Ŵӳ⴫ȫ
ԭŷһΪԼѪţԷԣ˶ӿ˵ⷬźѪ붯ŷңҲõһ
ǧǵ޲𶯣һЯžĿ⣬ŷڷͶȥ
˭뵽ڲǰΣķǧֶԸƺΪߵµƷ̶̲ʱ䣬תǧΪǿ
ӽ쿪ʼǧֻһŷҡ
ŷҵĴԺУŷжӿ޵ļ飬ŷ񲻽ΣǧеĵλһԾǧɣΪǧǵˡ
СѣһΣˡŷųԹֵ
һŷҲǸм򳽻ԡ
ŷܹн˹پ棬ȫ˵ǳһɡ
ŷͱҿˣҾǰЩӺҵ˳ҲûʲôЦŰ֣ûϾȥ


256 ͻ
󣬳ŷЩ⣬ŷѩĴ£ҿʼ
ԪΪѾͻƵ߽ʦȴͣײΣ޾ʹҪھͻԵΪѡ
塭
ʹ󣬳ԵǿȣͻƵ߽ʦĲΡ
ҾսھĲٿس̶Ҳ˲٣һ󣬾ﵽ۷ΣֻһͿԳ߽ʦʹԪ御Դﵽ߽ʦĲΡ
ڵսھŽ۷ʦУǼΪְֻ̤ͣ˴ʦǿ߶ӦһҪضԸʦȴԵΪ㡣
ҵΪͻƣֻǴӾˣֻѶʵ̫Ҫͻƣֻ뿪ǧǣڱĵطѰˡ
ռУͬһ֮
ϻö˱չ״̬СӥͰŭҲʼȫչء
Բ֪ϻΪﵽʲôΣСӥͰŭԴϵϢУȴǸܵһǿϢ
ϢȻǴﵽԪƷ޵ĲΡ
ԪƷ֣¾ңҪǶԵЩˡҲΪСӥͰŭˣСӥǰֻʣһüͷ΢΢ԼҲʣ࣬ȱǺ޷ƣþռˡ
˵ڳԲʹڼǾСӥȴǷǳҪرСӥֻʣһ䡣
ûСӥٶȿ»˼ࡣ
ҡҡͷûٶ룬ֱ˳񿪼䣬뿪ҡ
߳ңԾͿϥڴŷѩ
յŷѩһϮ£һ֮УرŷͶʱԵˡ
Ŵʱŷѩ֪ΪΣָɵĸоЩսƣۣһ̾ȫȫŶȥ
ԣˣǲ˳Եעӣŷѩ״̬ѹüĿ
ŷѩһۣ㿴˳һضԼ
ȻԵĿûһ˿аȴʹŷѩɲǼ糺
ѩ
ţ


ŷѩԣΨϵĺԡ
ֻǣʱ˾Ĩ糺ȴͽһȥӶˡ
֪䣬ǻŷѩ˹ȥ
ϣƽ
ŷѩ̧ͷһԼĳԣľӿ޾Ľš
ߵŷѩǰʱŷѩһЦŷѩע£΢΢ȵ촽ӡŷѩĶͷϡ
ֻһ㣬Ա뿪վֱӡ
ȻռұˣСҸߵȥŷѩҲǴӴվ
ٺ١ŷֲǲ֪ϲ㣬֪˸˻ءЦ
֪۸ҡ
ŷѩŬŬ죬ĿתųԵʱ䣬ˡ
һ㶼ࡣҡͷҲһĨ⡣
͵Ӵ伷˫ĿӵϣԵüΪг
Ȼֻǵضӣûж˵һ仰򵥵Ķӣƺǿ˶Էģܵ˶ԷеǷᰮ֮⡣
֪ȥ೤ʱ䣬ͬʱЦ
ǲδϿڣͺʲôûһ
ŷѩĿͻȻһҴȥһö
ŶʲôöԺ
ٺ١ڲ㣬ҴȥɣҵʱŪġ
ŷѩ˵ţһסԣŷȥ
ܳţһʱ羭ŷѩʱŵڳϡ
΢΢һ̣ľǰδеɡ
ҲǷſŷѩ𣬿еζеĸо
Լ䣬ǰŷѩЦܵ˲ԶһЩĽĿ⣬ᵽ˿µζ
ָоã
ԵϵЦԡС
ꡭ
У·һ˰㣬óԸӵˬ˷·̥һ㡣
ͻô
ͷһ˾ͻȻӿİ羫
ûȥܣǸŷѩǰȥ
ԼĪӹȥһ鷿档
ŷ鷿ͣ½Ųɻʵ
Ҵˡ
ŷѩͷţֱƿų˽ȥ
Сˡ
ʱŷϲشӵվŷѩ˳ԣȻ˵ȥɫȴһĿŷѩͳ֮䡣
׼ȷ˵ֻǣһϡ

һĻŷѩæֳŵ측֡
⻹ŷ棬볽ԵһαֵǣЩߡ
ŷ壬ѩ˵Щ֪ʲôЦһ˵
ѩ˵Ƕãͳռһ㣬ڴȥŷЦţϳ˳ο
Ϳŷѩ볽֮ϵ򵥣ȴû뵽˾Ȼôͷչǣֵһڳԣȴ൱⡣
ǳԵΪˣŷ嶼ȫŷѩ
ŷתűȥƶһ鼮ܱǳһƿ¶һ׸ߵС
СŸո¶Աǿƺź˸ͬʱһȵϢҲ
ǡ𣿡
ܵϤϢ˫۶ʱһæŷ˹ȥ
߽СźһɢŹϢĻ棬ǳߵС
ЩĿִֿȥҲʮ䣬ŷѩǰ͸֮ࡣ
ԣҵ֪а󣬾ͷϢ߼۹𣬲Ĵ򣬶̶ʱ䣬ǧǳһ𣬶ҵˡŷѩЦ˵
ŷҡҡͷųԵŷô࣬ŷΪֻǾౡ֮ռЩ
ʮ𡭡ļ۸񣬼ŷҵɣͷóŷȫڳİԼ
ŷ壬ҾˣռָҲý¡
˵ţϳһöռָŷϡ
ŷӹİĿռָɻ󣬾һǿ˿ռָеж
ֿռָǾ˵ĲƸԼֱʱŴͣ¶ݣҪ֮ԡ
ϵд˷ӦʱסĶڵҸû̫ôŷҲҪŷ壬£ɾǽҵ˿ˡ
⡭
ҲǳԵһƬ⣬°ɡŷѩҲµЩȰ
ŷŵͷðɣҾ¡
ŷұȱԼԴۺʵԭȵУ˵ǵ׵Ĵڡ
ŷȻΪǧǵǿŷǳǧǵĳջķᣬڵŷҿټΪԹ˴𵤣ڵŷңǼΪԽ
ŷ彫ռָǰеȫ뵽˷ռ䣬ͬʱһŵСӥǰ


257 뿪ǧ
ԣջҲǲС߳ҺŷЦ˵ظܵϵϢ֮ǰǿ˲١
ԵͷαչΪȷЩҲһƿڣͻƣѶȾʹˡ
ԣŷͬصͷ˸߽ʦÿһѶȶ൱Ҵ߽ʦͻƵ˽ʦʮʱ䡣
ŷ츳ǧǣѾϵȣǴӳԵսЩͻƵ˽ʦʱ䣬»
ųԵ飬ŷ忪ڵ𼱣ڻᣬƾ츳ò˶ñͻơ
ŷѩҲǵǰԣߵ߽ʦֻһʱ䣬ͻƵ˽ʦŽʦʦҲúܳʱġ
ԣԲɳ
ܹ֮ͻƵһʦȫΪľһʦֻһ֮ңͻƵ߽ʦҪԭҲΪİ
ڷչڼ䣬ûпķͻƣνǧѡ
ŷ壬ѩһ¡󣬳ͻȻڵ
ʲô㾡˵˶ųԡ
Ҵ뿪ǧǣǰ̳ǲμӰٳѡΡ
ʲôھҪ뿪ǧǣٳѡβǻжʮʱ𣿡ŷû뵽ԾȻô뿪ǧǾ̳˵гһǧľ룬Ҽǵóߺһֻޣֻޣǧǵ̳ǣһ֮ھԿԸϵΪҪôҪأ
ҡҡͷڵΪѾһƿҲ˷ʱ䣬Ѱͻ
򲻴ԣΪȻ߽ʦսڴʦ֮ȴѰ֣޷һٳΪŵӣΪеʽӾû⡣㲻ϸԼʩѹɷЧŷΪһʱҲ̲סѵ
ֻǡ
ԵľȻ˿˵ġ
лŷĺ⣬ЩҶЦŵͷҲûȥ͡
ŷ˵ڵΪɹ뵽У޷һٳΪŵӣΪʽȴû˵
Ȼ
Ժʱ˵ĻѾûܹţпΪһŴѹʱҲμӰٳѡΣ϶Ҳ൱Σա˵ʵ㹻ˣĽȴ˵
ԺԺɽ˵ĻԴδǣóԺǳҳɹ뵽ţ޴ʦǰǸǳְңҲʧ
ⷬ飬ŷŷѩףǼҪ뿪ˡ
ȻˣҾͲȰˡһߣٳѡҲǻμӵġŷѩųԣ۾
Ȼŷѩ⣬뵽Լпܻ൱ΣգջҡͷѩǴ㴩Ѫɭǰ̳ǣǲô㡣
Ѫɭ֣ԣ㾹ȻᴩѪɭ֣ŷŷѩ鶼ǼΪ𶯡
ѪɭǬԪһɭ֣ᴩǬԪм쵽ճ̶ȣ˵ǬԪ޶ŵϺš
ҪᴩѪɭ֣Ǵʦʦǿ߶ʮգرѪɭ˲֪ٵĸ߽ޣһֻ¶ﵽ޵ĲΡ
Ես˵ѾƽʦҪᴩѪɭ֣ʮ
ǣʱʱ̶̿÷ϻðΣһֻޣ¶վһѪɭָûκ塣
Ѫɭڲɲֹֻô򵥣סޣ֪Ρ
һԲޣзϻڣҲһ
ŷŷѩ˶һǣԲҡͷȻǴ㴩Ѫɭǰ̳ǣҲóȻ뵽ѪɭǴɷģΣգҲӦ
ѪɭǻЩŷ˿
ѪɭⲿΣͬǾ޴ҾͲȥˣԼһҪСġŷѩЭʵʲôʱ
Եڴ£ҽձ㶯ɡ
ôô
ŷѩЩʧ䣬ҲΪԵİʯ͵ͷҵȰٳѡοʼʱ򣬾ֱٶǰ̳ˡ
ȳȥһЩ顭ŷóԽվҪ뿪һ仰󣬱ֱ߳鷿غ÷ţʣʱ˳Ժŷѩ
ѩռָţһƷޡóϹٻ϶Ŀռָݸŷѩ
ŷѩһҡͷ˴ǰѪɭ֣ΣޱȣһƷΣյʱ򣬿԰æҲҪ
ǺǡвΣգûΣյǲôռָ°ɣһƷޱ㣬Ҳĵꡣ
ŷѩֱָ֣Ӵŷѩָϡ
ŷѩܾԽָָϣȴĪûſڣǾؿš
֪˸Ů˴ָζʲôֻǵ뿴ųԸԼָ
ʱ󣬳ǿѹеĲᣬ߳ŷҵĴţֱ߳ǧǳſڡ
˴뿪Բǰ̻ʩҹʩ˵˵ԼҪǰѪɭ֣ⲻֵõġ
ʮǻٴμ档
ʱ̻ĸ¥ˣһʺ쳤ȹƮƮŮӣ
뿪ǧǾȻҵΪҾͲ֪𣿡ŮңңǧǳſڴĿһ˿벻ᡣ
ܿ죬飬ȫ⣬ǧǵ̨Ѿʺ㣬ȷѰһ̨̳ôڵ̳ǿ»û֪֣ţò˶ã㳽Ե֣Ի쳹̳ǵÿһ䡣
ŮĽŨһһͬ⻬ɫһȴ޾Ϣľġ
龧һ֣Χһ׵ˮӣ·𶼶˱ա
´μʱˣ
ϡЩҹ紵·Уɳɳ졣
Щ΢죬ܿͱʱʱëȻ޺ȫû
Ѫɭ֡
͡
žҹĻ£һֻӴĺӰȻïܵĲݴзԾͬһħŨŨ֮˲ԶʳĽϡ
ȻֻԪƷޣ˵ĽʦѰʦƿķ
ǵƤȹصľҪӲöࡣ
ҡ
ݡ
ͷһʱᵽŨŨΣƾԼٶȸѲˣԲȥߣǹתΣͷϳߵĳȻųĺӰֱ̹ȥ
㹥ϣѰ߽ʦᱻ̸Դ
Ȼ

ͷϵĳ׼ش˺ӰϣֻԤеĳδ𣬷ǴһӲޱȵĸְϣһΪ졣
צǣ
ͫ׶ȻŴһᵽϢͷϵĳڶԷʱʶ˶Էݡ


258 ʧ
צǣ˵ΧһСƬشİһԪƷޡ
ԥһʱתӡ
Էǿ󣬸ܿ⣡
͡
ȻŸһתһֻצӣֱԴϡǱȾҪӲƤ⣬ʱֽͬһ㣬ĳɷ顣
Ѫɽ
ʦҲκβ˶ٵļֱӵ
Ӱ£¶ߵΡ
ԪƷޣצǣ
һСһﾹȻͼֱצǶŵϵĽʬ壬мš
Ѱڽ׵޺󣬶ԿԣֻԪƷצҲ⡣
м鲻м൱ϲģצǱֱǰȥҪúһԼҹ
ڰȫ⡭
ƬشûĹκΣշ
ĵ̡

ȻߵԣҪͷȥҧɽѪʱһ紩հϢȻഫ
һ̣צǸоԼ·˻¯УΧ¶ٴﵽٶȡ
ңȵϢУŷ·˺ѿռ
𡭡
צǵһʱתŭغУצȻĻҪԼϵļһһĳɷ顣
飡
ȻצոĳǷǰһȰӰ˸׵ض㿪ĹЯž޴ܵȭͷֱϡ
һȭȻûֱҪȴоԼ·λã޾ϢӿڣתҪڵһȫ顢ա
ʱҲ˶ԼӰ
һ࣡
һЩ࣬մȾ˲ѪȴԵΪꡣ
ϵϢǺǿֻ߽ʦĲΡȻӶԷϣצȴǸܵһŨŨΣϢ
ΣգԪװƷ޻Ҫǿҵö࣬ԿԪ׾Ʒޡ
࣬Ѫɭ֣㾹Ȼңˡ
ޱȾҵʹ£צǷһŭ𣬻ϢǣƾҪ϶ԳԷΪ͵Ĺ
ݡ
Ȼһ̣ûжԳԷĹǾֱתڵƣٶȷɱ롣
Գλ߽׵ʦԪƷޣκһѰ߽ʦצǣû˿صֿ֮ġ
ǳһԼͣȴľֻ·һ
ֻ߽ʦΪ࣬ʵԿȾŽʦǿ
צǲΪԷٶܹȵԼ
ӣ
ԿצǼٱӣٶȿѰŽʦΣ΢΢һ䣬һǳצǰ
ôܣ
һĻצжʱ¶ŨŨĲ˼飬ոջΪԵٶȱȲԼԼȫ񱼣ԷȻգۼ͵Լǰ档
ٶȣԪ׾ƷޣЩƥ
ѹ
һ̣һͬĺȻצԺը졣ͬһʱ䣬һɰľȻ뵽צǵ굱УҪһѹ
ʦһǿľʦרſ޵ľʦ
һĻצǵɫʱޱȾ־塣
һԼԷסȫԷ֣֮ҪȫԸ˵ɱԽܡ
࣬ҪɱɱҪң
צɱڵŭһԭȿƾҪһѹס꣬Ȼǿ󡢼ɢһǿ־
һôԪƷ޵־ȻҲǿ󣬵ҾͲһһֱʧܡ
ŭһӴľӿצǵԺͬʱһĶãһþ͸צǵ꣬һߵֵצǵ־ͼצ޷ֵĿơ
£צǵʱȥʱʣʧء
ԡҲԱƣһƣҾԻ࣬ҲҪͬھ
צ¶ǹԣҧԼͷϣͷҧ˸Դ׶ĵʹٶȻָ
Թߡ塢ɫ˫֮ӿ
ȥ
צŭһӴУʱӿһɼΪϢһеسųԵľȥ
ҪͬھȻˣɱ㡣
һĿɱ
ݡ
һ̣齣ķâգֱצǵĶͷͬʱ
İħԪӿ齣ޱȵĻڣ뵤
䡭
̶ϵԪϢȻ߽׳ʦһͻƵ߽ʦ
Ϊͻôǡ
ȻԵУȴûһ˿һϲ⣬ǳΡ
뵽ѪɭѾǵ죬ʱޡңѾɹֻԪޡ
ֻЩƵԪޣһȫԪƷޣû˿
ͽĿ궨ԪƷޣֻĽȴȫһһֻԪƷ޶ûܳɹơ
ԪƷ޵֮꣬ԪƷ޵ǿֹԾĲٿس̶Ѿǿﵽ˿֮޷ԪƷ޵ꡣ
Լͬ׵޶޷ƣ̸ƸǿޣԿЦҡҡͷԼͬ׵޶Ʋˣ㲻һʦ
ҲҶԾĲٿд߰ɡ
ʦһʦҰɣԸԶߡ
ڳԼΪΣ˼Ƿʱ䣬һԼԾĲٿʱһгͻȻ
΢ɳɳ죬һɫӰӴĲݴ˳
ԪƷ۷ޣѪɹ֣ʶɫӰݺ󣬳Եͫ׶Ȼ
ͷѪɹĳߣοȥЩȫͨѪֻ󱡱ĳչһɶ೤
ѪɹȻԪƷޣȴһּΪµΣճ̶ȾѰԪ׾Ʒ޶ƥ
ԭѪɹһֻѵһıޣ¾½ѪɹֵҲᳬһֻ
ңı첻ʵ뼼ܣǶ˱죬ǳʱǻ۾ͲѰࡣʵҲǷ
ԪƷѪɹ֣ǻǲѰԺҡ
Ŵ˵ǻۣ¾Ԫ׾Ʒޣ߾Žʦᱻˣתɣ
סֻѪɹˣ˫ϵ̶ֳȵƿ϶˼٣֪˭ȻܹѪɹˡ
ǰѪɹ֣ϵĽ֮ɫɿȻͷѪɹˣٸߣֻҪԼСЩȫ⵹ûʲô
ңŷӡڣͷѪɹִ۷״̬Ҳ̫⡣
λǡֵܡȰûб裿Ҹ㵱Σ̻ǩԼȻ㽫ɡѪɹڳǰ״ͣ£ż˵
ĿѪɹϴһۣѪɹֱǷޣ˿̳˵˵ȳ̶ȣ޷УٲʱҽΣԻӴ˷ϵ


259 Ѫɹ
ϸһѪɹϵ˿ڣжʱ˼ƲߣڵǸѾ˱裬޷ǩԼˡ
ԼٺǩѪɹּе˵˵ͬʱʱʱͷ󣬺ʲôʱ׷Ƶġ
ҡͷԼһǩ޷ңҵĻúܺãܻԼ
ҡܽΪûޣ֪ʲôޣ١û˵֪ʲôޣ֪Ŀ£϶ǩԼǸʲô裬Իᱻһ߿
ǺǡһǾ仰ҲܻǩԼҿԿ꣬Ϊҵľޡ
ڵĽԼܵôɷģҿ԰̻һԼ󷨣֤㲻˿ˡѪɹֲûΪԵ̬ȶ˿Ϊ̬ȫΪ֪Լݡ
֪ԼǱѪɹ֣֪ѪɹֵĿ£»һʱԼǰԼ̻Լ󷨰ɣ
ţҲŸճֲһ׷ˣȺģȻô١
Ѫɹֿʲôɫ΢΢ЩãųԵһΣ㵽벻ıԼȻǩԼ㻹ڻҵݣھͿԸ㴫һϢ֪Ҿһοµޡ
ΪأٲԻصĺ֢ԳӴѪɹ־ԲѡһԼǩԼ
ǾʦҲûʸ
˵ǰʦһλȫϸľʦҴ˵ΪƺҲܹԼ

ѪɹָûѡһֱŲЩҪ˷ֲȴҪӴ˷ϵ
ڵƣѾǿ̲ݻ
֮£ֻǶһѡ
벻ǣǰһҲ̫ʶôˣԼҪǩԼȻӦ
Լݱ¶ȥԼһǩԼ¾Щǿĵʦʦʦ׷Ѱɣ
룬ڲû̫ʱ˷ѡҿȷظ㣬ҲܻǩԼڸһᣬſҿƣҵľޡǲȻҿЩ׷㣬ܾˣɵؿꡣ
ԵѪɹ֣ȻʱܻһЩ֢˫ϵǻȴɻڡ˵𣿰ѵһѪɹ֣
㣬㣬㡭ô֪Ѫɹ֣
Ѫɹһ˵ݣʱ𾪵Ŵ͡
ûϵһСС߽ʦȻһ۾Ϳݡ
㲻ù֪ݵģֻҪش㵱ҵľޣ
ĲԵı裿Ѿ֪ˣҿǰѵһǻߵѪɹְ
㲢ûгΪҾ޵ȤȻˣֻǵԼǿжˡ
˵ţֱתȥ
ȵȣȵȡ˭˵ҲûȤˣѪɹæһǰ£ҪҵľҲǲԣҪӦңܱҲԸ£ǿȥĳ£ԸҲЭ
Ҳǿʲô£ҷûһôҲûڵıҪſɣʱѾʣˡԵЦһľֱӳѪɹֵ굱С
Ըˡ
ѪɹƲƲ죬Ȼм䲻Ըֻǽϣڳϣûκηֱӽ골óԵľɵؽ뵽굱С
ǿ󡭡ٱΪǿһΡԵľһ뵽ѪɹУͷѪɹֵ꣬ٴﵽԪƷ޵ĲΣҪߡ
͡
Բδȥ룬ǿľֱѪɹ꣬һ͸ͬʱҲһ̡
Ѫɹֲδκοܣ̶ڳ˵û˿ѡȻȴû˶аиѪɹֵ꿰ԪƷ޵ĲΡ
֮ⷬ£ѾףǰԼ֮δܳɹԪƷޣȫΪ뵽кûȫг͸ƣһĶãڿʱȥֿ޵־ֵ
ԭ֮ǰ߽һ޵־ȻԵֵҵ־һֻܶҡҵ־һ־ĶսΣֻҪһĳ͸꣬Ҫһֻʲô£
һ̣ȫͨˣеε⣬ôӭж⡣
̶̲һʱ䣬ǰѵһѪɹ֣ɵؾͱȫסԵľȫȫ͸Ѫɹÿһ䡣
ֻҪһͷѪɹ־Իɢҳֳпƣսڼ䣬ѪɹֶܹһʱԵ仯ӶԵ˷Ϊ׼Ĺ
ƿس̶ȣһ޳ΪҪ
ݡ
ڳסѪɹʱѪɹǿԪƷ޵꣬Ȼɳһº͵ĵɫâֱû볽Եľ硣
ˡ
һ̣ɫâԾеѪƸգɫâѪƾٶȱô׳Щ
ʱѪƣȻǴﵽĳȡ
ԪƷ޵Ȼǿڿһ޺ҵľٶﵽ߽ʦоϲû뵽ʦշһֻ޺󣬾ȻҲ
ȴÿֻ޶ľõȻǰշ˼ֻʵ޺Ϊξûһ˿һ
û´ӦΪѪɹֵﵽԪƷĲΰɣԭ򣬾ΪǱˣŵ
ˡǿ뿪ɣǰڱչʱҪԪƷޣҸҪͻ֮ʣͻȻֻԪƷһֻԪװƷޡƺҵѪǼаԴɱңҵ壬ʵȻǵͻΧȻ׷ᣬҿԸܵҵĴŷλոѾ׷˹òӣͻϵˡ
ѪɹѾΪ˳ԵľޣԴԵ̬Ҳû˸ղŵ⡣
˵ֻչ͵ϮʱǳŨŨķߺɱ⡣
ΪˣԻ᷵ҵֻޣֱնɱ
ϧתѰҶԷȻֻһ
ڳԡ
˵ղۼʶնɱһԪƷޣҲΪԿԶԸޡ
ֻԪƷޣһֻԪװƷôҸոȥԪƷ޵꣬ѰĿԳԣγ֣ҲʡȥѰԪƷ޵ʱ䡣ֻԪװƷޡҲ뿴ھԪװƷޣ١
£ԽѪɹ뵽ռ䣬ֱתǰȥ
ֻԪƷ޼һֻԪװƷȻһŽ۷ʦеԶԸȴȻ⣬ĵģԼܷһٿסֻԪװƷޡ


260 깲
ʲôطԪȻʮ찡¼侹ȻصĿռ䣿˵һռ䷨ôܣֻһѰʦԡռгԪΪԾƺһĲ
Ѫɹָձ뵽ռУǲΧ֮Ĳʱ˾ҵı仯һ˫ڵͫ¶ޱȾɫʡ
Ϊ֣ǹϺϵƣȻۿɼٶȣػָš
ΪǰͻʧܶƣȻҲػָеŵǣǰͻʧͣԪƷ۷Ϊ׳󣬾ʱͻƵƣ
ﾹȻޣסϵϢƺͦǿġ
һ̣ѪɹڲھԶĵطӴޣܵɢǿϢһ˫ӣҪQԪװƷ찡߾ȻǿԪװƷޣ
޹Ѫɹֻ𾪣Բһ߽ͨʦǾʦҲֻܹԪƷޡ
һʦҪƱԼȽ׸ߵޣѶȱȵһγԿ޻Ҫöࡣ
ҡ
Ĺ۲Уƺ㲻һؾʦ
ǰϢǸѰԪװƷޡ
ƺ˲Ǻһأ֪ԪװƷ޳ְæܷԸֻԪƷһֻԪװƷ޵ĹѪɹֶڳһ˿Ȥ
ֻޣһֻѩǣֻޣԪƷ۷ĲΣʱ׵ԪװƷ
һԾͷھ׵ľ봦ֻθߴɢǿϢޣų
ȻҲ˳ԡ
ٶȴǲҼӿ죬ҿȥƺڷʲô߻Σշ
ѪɹҲǳ˿ͷԴһֻޣܿͲֻ϶һЩơ
ڣЩƶǺأȫûﵽĳ̶ȡ
࣬ҴᵽѪɹֵϢǲӴˣ֪֪ģǣǿһȻĻ³
ֻ޾볽ֻвʮ׺һֻԪƷ۷޶ų˵һ£һſżȻ¶һιԱһô֮ϡ
ꡭ
¡
һ̣ǾøӶѿϵĴֱӱҧһС¡¡
ҵȷǼѪɹ֡
棿ģ
Ҫ֪𣿺ǺǣͲ֪ԸԸȥˡ

ųһ£λȻǰ壬һȵĸɢȭͷ˸ŴĿĺâ
еͣһֽ
ͫ΢У˵һα㻯һ磬ӭ˳ԣһֻ޲ʾӲ泯ų԰жȥ
ֻԪƷ۷ķ޻ǰſ¡
ŭһƶţȭɲǼȭÿһȭжƥܣԻκһѰľŽʦ
ǰֻȻ¾ѰľŽʦԻǣͬʱܳԵȭûκεֵ֮
ͨͨ
ûκ⣬ֻԪƷ۷壬ۿžҪ׳ΪԪװƷ޵ķޣֱӱһиˣز
࣬㾹ȻҴҵͬ飬ֱˡ
һֱδѩǼһĻͫ¶ЩȻûϵԾȻ׵ؽޣ³ʵɿӦ
ԪװƷޣɲֻԪƷ۷޿Աġ
ԪװƷôʵҴĿ꣡
ѩ죬ֱʩչݣѩǳɱȥٶȱǰֹ
³˹ʱΪ߽ʦʩչȻǴﵽ˴֮ٶ֮죬ֱǿѰһ״ʦ
ңһɿȥƺԷտռϢҲɢ
̵ϢٱƽѩǣǾǾŽʦƿƤëֱӱһƬڣȥʱᱻȼճΪҽ
ôͻȻôǿˣ
״ѩͫеϢȫʧȡ֮޾ľ־塭
ǰԼӦ࣬˿ȴͻȻɱʵ
ֳٶȣûߵĻᡣ
ס֡ס֡
ؼʱ̣ѩֻǵͷ­Эȫֿ
ʵ㣬ססô
飡
ЦһᣬȫͨƣصӡѩǵĶͷ֮ϡ
ͬʱһǿľ񹥻ֱϮѩǵ굱С
һȥѩǵĶͷ϶ʱһӡһƬڣδ룬ƺܵ˾ҵĹ
͸
һ̣Եеľ͵س뵽ѩǵ֮Уûκζ룬ȫԼһ·أһԵ͸ѩǵꡣ
ʦ㾹ȻһʦҵꣿԣҾҲھʦϡ
ѩǵܵԵ͸ʱѹشţ񱩵Ϣͬˣųϯȥ
ߣһֻԪװƷ޵˺ң꣬ҹԹԵرѹɡ
һѹͲȥѩǵıϢǼӴȼ͸ѩǵꡣ
ѩǵϵıϢȻǿ¾ѰľŽʦܵӰ죬־εȼᶨǿƥͨĴʦԱȽϣһֻѩǿ˺
ѩñϢԼʱѾٶ͸ǰߵ꣬ۿžҪһٿס
쵰ңҾҲЩʦŵġѩ﷢ŭɶ
һ̣һǿıϢȻѩǵгųԵľϯȥ
Ȼ˺Լ꣬ҵľ
Լ״üͷ΢壬ͷѩȻĲԸ
ȻѩǵıϢõľܵܵ˺ѩ˾ٶȴǶԼƣǿȽͣ
ҵľ΢Щ߽۷ľ˲һǿԪװƷˡ
ЩεҡҡͷԪװƷ޵ʵ̫ǿ䱩ϢҪʱƶԷ꣬Ҳ԰쵽
һԪװƷеǲƣ㲻ܿƣҲܾô˷ˡ
Խջؾ磬γ齣ȻѩǵĶͷ飬еİħԪ
һԪװƷеİħԪ󣬳ԸܵԼԪΪԵֻ࣬һɴﵽ߽׺ʦ
ھֻˡ
ĿԶڵϵֻޣȥֱӻһɷ籩һֻ޵С
ɲǼ䣬Աǽֻ޸סڲһĶõ£ȫûаѶȡ


261 ҵĿ
߳ѾֻԪƷˡ
һγɳɹ󣬳ȷԼ뷨ȫȷ
󣬳編ƣٶȽһֻ޸ס
ʱֻѾˣڿǺҲûǽֱ뵽˷ռС
ԪƷа취ˣԪװƷޡΪҵľ̫²÷ֳһֵǵķɣ޷ꡣǡ
ڴˣĿͻȻһڿԪװƷʱɲǼ
ͷ𣬳ԾֱҡͷľͲһģ˵ΪʵǱЩ㣬ؼʱ̸޷Ϊǿܡ
־츳ߵľʦһϾܹΪʦ츳϶ǼΪ¡
ڳԡ
ܹΪʦȫ¾
¾
ͻȻһͷڿʱ¾߷£ӶޱıϢ֮תΪ
СʱҲ޷֮Ȼᱻû˾磬ҲðԵҡͷ롣
Ҳ̫ţ˰ɡ޺ѩϣͬѰҰƵģͲһңոԪƷצǶƲˣھȻɵؾͿԪƷ۷ķޣ
ʱռеѪɹ֣ѾȫŴͣš
ҵþˣˣȷǼ򵥵ﰡѪɹһΣϿ˳ˡ
Ȼ޵ǿȲʱǻṲңաϧ̫ˣ¾һֻԪƷޣҾͻƵ˽ʦȷԼĲʱҲЩΡ
ղŵֻԪƷ۷ޣľЩ޷ͻƵ߽׺ʦ
ʤޡ
Ҳûİ취ԼľÿԿſ꣬ԼľΪ
£ûֱͣѪɭֵڲȥ
ƬشȻһЩԪƷϵޣϾ̫ϡ١
ֻѪɭڲŻ֮ԪƷϵޡ

ǰ˵ԪƷռ䣬Ըžվεҡҡͷ
ʱܹһһʮֻԪƷޣҵľȴ޷ͻƵ˽ʦԪƷܹ꣬ʵ̫ˡ
볽ԿƷѾȥʱ䡣
ʱ˳һֻԪƷޣҲһһʮֻȻеεǣԪԼǿȣﵽ߽۷ʦĲΣȴͻƵ߽׺ʦٳٲ뵽߽۷ʦ
ίʵΪΡ

ȻͻƵ߽۷ʦһٶֻԪƷڷռУȴʮֻõͻƣΪԪװƷޡһЩ츳ϺõģڳԪ׾Ʒٶȥò˼칦򣬾ͻɹͻˡ
ӡЧãȷóԾ̾ޱȡ
ŷӡڣõĽԼʵЩ޻û֮ء
ҳ˷ӡ԰ЩΪȷֹͣ󣬳Ի÷óһЩʺĹ޽һΪ
³˿ԪƷޣûбİ취԰ȻһֻԪƷ޷ҾͻƵ߽۷ʦҾͿֻֻǾֻ
˫о䣬ûκη֮⡣
ϺǳѪɭڲ۶ȥ
ȻѪɭаʱ䣬һֱǳѪɭڲ룬ǴѪɭֵΧشڲ㲻ϣ˵ˡ
ѪɭΧشϲϵޣԪס
ȻϻһƷˣȲѣʹˡ
ףǰд򶷵
ͣ¿ٱ۵ĽŲϸϸһǷҲ෽һЩ޵Ĵлż޺֮
Ӧ֮⴫ġ
Ŀ˸£ǳԴĵطȥ
ĿĲʲôˣޡ
Ƭ̺ӰǳڳԵߵУһŮ
Ŀһֱۣ˽˰Χмޡ
ﵽʮͷ
ʮͷɢϢһȫﵽԪƷϣǰһͷԪװƷ
ʮһͷԪƷޣһͷԪװƷޣһСջ񡣡˿˿ϲɫ
ʮһͷԪƷޣ޷һͻƵ߽۷ʦҲһСĻۣ߽۷ʦһ
ͷԪװƷޣǿԪøΪΪ˽ʦøӼ̵Ļ
һȫЩİΧȦһӣĸڻңҳɹ˺һӺǾϴŰߣ𣿡
УվмһԼʮ꣬ͬʱϵϢҲΪǿģѾﵽ˾ŽʦĲΡ
ԣվһòãֳֳȥԵӢˬŮӣŮϵϢҲ˶٣ﵽ˾ŽʦĲΡ
ֻʱŽʦȴԵΪǱ
߲Զʬ塣ЩʬϿɲ˿ϲѿȫǱǰʮֻ޸ɱ
֪ųĻǴӦ
ͬһʱ䣬ȴ͵͵һԱŮӣһĨ
ųȻ˵ͻΧǱŮ뿪ǰ߶ȴǳųֻǰû˵
һɹͻΧҪģų˵İųˡ
ЩǷɵʱٷȫһھΪǿȫ˺ǵİΧȦĸȫңȱԼ
ųȵºȳԱߵһֻԪƷ޳ɱȥ

͵Ԫ˫ƵзӿȻֻԪƷޡ
𡭡
ŭ޺ֻ޿б׵ľ޴壬̹˰㣬ֱųײȥ
˵ԪƷ޵ĳвһŽʦͷ޵ĿĲҪɱųͨޣǲǺܸߣҲóųȺеͷĿ
ǵĿĲǽԷֱɱ
ǰ⼸࣬ھȥ

ų΢ƫŭһ͵ƷĻֱӽͷԪƷ޸ĵһȥ
ȻųǰֻԪƷ޵ͫ׶Ȼһ
ѰľŽʦȫ֮¿Ҳֱӳȥҳߣûİ취ЩȫܶԿѰľŽʦȻ岻ȥҵٶȡ
ɲǼһͷųԪȻһ䣬绯һ磬Ҫǰֻ޵мȥ
ȻգȻôҪԼĻߣú棬ڿС˸ûʲôģֱɱɴ㣬ʡ˷ʱ䡣


262 ǳ
ųҪߵɲǣԶԪװƷޣͻȻЦһ
һ̣ǽһɶߵ壬ԱųҪϽһٶȣȻ
ǿҵñϢҲ籩㣬ݺݵųȥ
ͷ
ʱѾԪƷ޸ס価·磬ΨžŽʦΪİǿӦ˹ͷԪƷޡ
ųĺȣʶؾȥųֵԪװƷޡ
Ǻܿ죬ͷֱӱ
ǰ˵ͻƳȥߣղֻԪװƷޣȴ˵ͬڲ˶ߡȻûߣ
ͨһ󣬰һûųĻרĶԸǰֻԪƷޣͬʱѰߵĻᡣ
еȴǣѾһ˷ޣ߻ͷԪƷޣضǣԷߡ
Ƹ׾δҵҪ𣿡˾Ρ
ǸϲͷķΪֺԼȰ棬ȥ͵ǰֻԪװƷػݣŪ˵Ƚ
ٿȥҲ˷ʱ䣬ֱӶְɡ
ԶԿǰһĻǾ֡
һ˲䣬ǾվΣȻͬһӰ㣬գգۼ׾룬ֱһȭվΧĹ޷ԪƷϡ
ֻԪƷȻǿᣬȫһȭȥѰľŽ۷ʦԻˣֵܹ
ͨ
徶ֱڵϣԵѿص൱׼ֻͷʧȥսûܵʵʰ˺
𡭡
࣬Ȼ͵Ϯǣֱ
һϣҪۡ
ͷûжֵԪƷ޼һĻʱŭɶ޲ֱһڽԸˡ
ŭºǱͬʱųֱӷΪ͵Ĺ
λѣлĳȣ߰ɣʵԸôޡܹɹ룬ϣǰһذңҼѪɭ̶쾧
ʱͻȻųԴͬʱֻԪƷ޵ֹгҪǳųԳɱȥֻԪƷޡ
ʱԶ룬ȻûѡߣǰﳽֻԪƷޡ
ɢϢ൱ԣ߽׺ʦȻղһȭŵһֻԪƷ۷ޣȫ͵Ϯ¡
һֻԪƷ۷޽԰ΧסȴԵľֻ·һ
ȻոճȥȴǼǰԵ壬ͻȻ֣ͬӰգû룬ӭֻԪƷޡ
Լ䣬·𿴵ԶԼ¶һѺõЦݣĿǰޣ΢΢һĨĮĻȡ
ֻǿԪ۷ޣƺһ㶼
顭
һ̣ǼԵδͷǰȻһȭֻһȭȥȴȭӰ˸ĵƵ촫ǰȥֻԪƷޣʱֻͬƤ򣬷䵹ڵأʱ

ԵβδֹͣǼŰȥ
׼ȷ˵ǳŰֻԪƷ޳ȥ
Ժսʱǧˣ׶ʧġڳԾʱһЦҲǴ˰ĶС

һ̣ڰʱƵ졣
תǼոԼǿǿӦֻԪƷޣһƤ㱻Ըķɡ
λֵܣذǷѩӶųҡ
ʱԶͻȻһ
ǱԪװƷѹסʱ֮Σķ
Ƴһ۷ջĿ⣬ѹûƵġ

̶ֻԪƷޣûԥֱǰȥǽֻԪƷ޸
ʱԷԶԪװƷޣԪޡ
࣬Ǹʶ㣬ԩ޳⼸ӦҲɣΪҪǣԪһصڷļϣķɣųԡ
ԵһЦˣҲûҪǡ
⻰ԪޣͶ̲סš
ΪʲôҪǶ֣
ǼʶԵʵԼҪǿԪ޼Ҫ϶һƽһķɡ
Ǿ㶯ָ
ܺܺ
ӣһԪޣҵȷھǣΪҵĿǡ
ҵȷھǣΪҵĿǡ
ԵĻһ˵ڣʱԪͫرԳϵϢȻ
ˣǰһĿ꣬ǡ
Ȼ֪ΪγԵĿǣûԥʱ䡣
ߣΪܹԸֻԪƷޣܹԸһΪ޴ľ۵ġԪŭһӴȳųԳײȥͬʱϣһ㵭ĺڹ⣬ıϢϯ򳽻ԡ
㹥ƣѰľŽ۷ʦҪâ
ԶİһĻʱý
Ԫ޵ǿ̶ȣǱѰԪ׾Ʒ޻ҪһߣǰܹӦ
ЩͣƾЩҸֻۣܸ㣬ø۵Ӧ㡭
ЦһûֱӶ㿪վԭͬɵһ㡣
Ԫ޵ֻʣʱβſʼ

ʩչԵһ֮䣬ֱӱܿԪ޵ĳࡣ
飡
ͬһʱ䣬˸źâȭͷҲǺȻԪ޵ϣһ΢ĳ졣
䡭
һȭɵȻǺܴ󣬶ҿȥûЯŶܣȭͷԪ޵ʱȴϵĵڹ⣬ֱɢһɶߵҲǰʮһֻԪƷһͬƤر䵹ڵأƾվ
⡭ͽˣ
һĻ˶ʱŴ۾ǸֶԸ˵ԪװƷޣȻǱһȭ͸ˣڳǰԪװƷԪƷޣûκ
ˣҲɱǡ
ԶȻ£ͷ­̧ϸߵԪޣ˵
ʲôԩ޳ɱǾͷҡԪ޷ŭ˵
㣿ǺǣΧȻŲԪƷޣԪװƷȴңòҵһֻ׷ŵԵһЦûԪޣŲԶһֻԪƷȥ
ĿȻҪɱЩޣҪǾơ
Щ޶˵ǳ
˿԰ΪԻ÷ӡĴڣԼ齨һֻӴ޾ӡ
ûһֻԼطݣؽţ
ȻʵԲòǰô㡣
λѣлȣСŮ罿ԽҰ֪ôƺ㣿һȭԪޣ𾪵ͬʱҲ˿ҳûˡ


263 ʦ
ΪǰΪߣϧֻԪƷ޵ֹ£ǰȥֻԪƷޣԶкøеġ
³ԣ㲻øлң֮ԳֲȫΪ˾ǣҵĿЩޡǲҷЩһǻǶ֡ҡͷһЦû⡣
ιʲô˼ոԳ־ңҲˣΪʲôң
ʱԶķ˹һŭضųԽ
ոΪûг־ʹԪһƣˡڳԣѾǿҵķŭΪʶ˳ǿʵҪºݺݽѵһԡ
ԵƳһ۷ͻȻһ䣬㣿Ҹ˸ʲôϵ
㣬֪֪˭Ҹ㣬ذǷѩӶųΪղŵΪǸ
ԵĻش𣬷ζҪըˣֱӽԼݸ¶ܹסԡ
¶ݺûп¶ֵǵɫֱתûƵģһֻԪƷȥ
ˣ㡭
״ʶľ붯ֽѵĳԣ뵽ԵĿµʵӲֹס˽ŲĿһת۳ԵÿƾɵţٵͷԼϵĻŲмЦԭһУѹǷѩӶŵĴûκηӦˣҲǸûκμʶֻ֪ͷĿߡ
ԣѩӶذһϴųԼλųн״ʦΪķᰵжԸԣæȥ˵
н״ʦ֪ˡ
΢΢ͷûйֱͣԪƷȥ
һĻʱȻǺܼɵѩӶţҲ֪ѩӶŲѰʦгԱǸսذǶŵ֮ңҲ̫ࡣ
һǿһ㶼û˵
㲻֪ѩӶţн״ʦ֣Ҳһ㷴Ӧûаɣ
㲻ú˵ˣһΪһߣҰ⣬ǷѩӶǿҲκβǾùˣֶԸЩޣҲΪ˾ǣҿӦԴûˣųɱЩȥ
˼ڽ֮⣬ǰȥų˵ˣҿ㻹ôЩǱҪԺҰɣҿÿ¸һٿŰԺҲʡùͬҰ˰ˡ
룡
Щͷػͷ˵һ䡣
㡭ãСӣ֣Ժ͵һӵҰ˰ɡ˵˼ƺڱ᳽ԡ
ֻǣ˵ڼ䣬ȴһ޵ɱ⡣
ԶεӣǼеɱ⡣
ɱң
ڷʲô취ɱʱԵͻȻ
Į֮⡣
˻еɱ⣬Լ˿ԲԵĸ֪Ǻεһ¶Ծ͵һʱ䷢ˡ
ԵĻ㡭Ѫˣɱȫҵ֡
һû뵽ԾȻеɱ⣬æڣûκʾΪ㳽Բеɱ⣬Ҳô
ʲôԿҵľˣ˺˳ԣҾԸǷѩӶûꡣԵĻֱӶŷ
Ȼ뷽ദʱ䲻ǺܳѾǿ˶Էһˣ˵СǼҲһرͣԳɱ⣬ȫš
ڳԣȻŸոʶãԲһ˵ѵˡ

óƺмڶԷ˵ѡ
Կһ۰ÿһעԼüͷ΢壬ҲЩɻ󣬲ǺܿƿĿ⣬򷽻һҿڰϣƽϣǻһΡˣ
䣬һּΪȻĮӣԷѩӶŵĮӡ
˵һѩӶţѩӶиźüʦɱԼҿԸԼС鷳ˣԴ
ŷѩӶţ뺦ԼٻЩ鷳
Ƕ԰ЩøУڰϣԴ˿ѾֱӰμ⣬նɱ
ͻȻһӣԣʱһɶߵޡ
ɢϢȻȫﵽԪװƷ޵ĲΡ
ˡ
һ֣ǶųԵ¸߹ͷ­
ҪշЩޣҪЩʱ䣬һ˭ˣʲôСҵֱɱ´ߵϵֻԪƷԣһͬ籩뵽ֻԪƷ޵굱С
ȻֻԪװƷޣ߾ȻֻԪװƷޱֻԪװƷޣƺΪˣ⡭ôܣһ𣿡
һĻǰǷ޲Ǵ
ոǻһֻԪװƷ޸ƵͶ·û뵽׶ԸһͷԪװƷ޺תۼٻͷԪװƷ
¡
סڸʲôǿҵþ񲨶ѵ찡ڿ޵꣬һʦ
Ŀڱһ󣬶ʱǱĳˡʦĸ֡
ʦôܡôһǿľʦľûԪΪߣô£
ɻ
ΪѾﵽŽʦûпϵϢܹĸӦԵԪΪ߽۷ʦȴ߽׺ʦ
ھʦȻҲ֪һЩǳһ㣬ʦľǱԪΪҪǿϺüȽס
ȻǰĳԣȴȫΥһ򣬾ûгԪüȽףԪ
״ֱδżδ
һȴȫ϶һʦ
ҲһʦĹҲۼʶʦһޣԿʱһʱͲµ˳Եݡ
ȷһʦİæҾͲ÷ذҼæǲ֪᲻ңǾʦڵΪ̫ˣΣܹӦ
ͷת
ôܡСӾȻһʦѩӶţûһʦǿ½Ϊ߹ְҵ
ǰһĻҲ²⣬ԡľûгԪȽףԪΪ϶ǾʦڵľٶҪЩޣѵԼľΪľΪ߽׺ʦǱһҪ߳١
ţ۾ٶѾ˳ԹողҶ֣Ȼ˵ǸӣʵϿ϶ǼɵұķѩӶšԺɳ˵ͻ޼ɵĶԸңʱʦݣѩӶŶԸܻ֮֡


264 ɹԪ
СһҪ취һΪǷѩӶŵĻ
ӣԱǽʮһֻԪƷޣȫƣ뵽ռ䡣
һУŽĿ˲ԶԪװƷޣԪޡ
㡭㾹ȻһʦңԪҲ֪˳ԵݣóԳԼЩŵ˵
֪ǰ˵Ļʲô˼ԵĿĵȷΪ˾ˣҪЩޣǳΪԵľޡ
ԵͷھҪΪҵľޡϵ㣬Ի
Ԫ޶ʱŭˣңɱңҲᵱľޡ
ɱô޷㣬һɱģ
˵ţԱֱߵԪǰľһӴķ籩ֱӳ뵽Ԫ޵굱Уȥһһؽ͸ơ
࣬
Ԫ޷ֳ͸ʱûһ˿һľԤʱŭһҵıϢݺݵĳ볽Եľ磬ҪóԵܵӰ죬ӶѺߵľ͸
ȳܵӰʱһٻɱԡ
ֻҪɱ˳ԣŽʦ
ݡ
ֻǣǹɱϢһ뵽Եľ磬ǷֺһĽӳԵľϯֱӽĹɢ
𡭡
ƣԪ޵ֱܵӰ죬̲סһʹĺС
͸
ҲѷһĻûκԥûа㱣뵽Ԫ޵꣬͸ơ

ԪװƷվ̫ǿ󣬶ԪֲԸƣжٻЩܣڿԪ֮ľڱЩЩΪ̣޷ȥ
ʧôҵľ̫ˣҪþͻƵ߽۷ʦֻƴԪƷˡ
׼ȻЩʧҲû̫ȥ
ԪװƷеİħԪô˵Ҳ԰ҽԪΪøΪȻܿҲܾô˷ˡ
ţҪγ齣ֱӽԪ޵ơ
ɶ࣬һ㸶۵ģ
¡¡
Ԫ޵ķŭУһɰıϢͬϯ򳽻Եľ硣
ãԪ޾ƴ
ɫһ䣬Ԫ޵ľٶȫԤϡ
ʱ˿̣Ѿо·һ籩ĳԼľ־ʱ
ߡȻҲٿˣΪǰ㻹ʲôѹ
һӴľԪ޵ıϢɢ
ȵȡ
ȻҪжʱԺͻȻðһ뷨
ǰѩʧܺһͷ
Ǳڿʱʩչ˱Ϣ󣬳ֱʩչ¾֮ΪþɲǼһΡ
ַֻ̫ΣգʱԷˣľһֱδͻƵ߽۷ʦ
Ԫ޵ıϢȻҳҲ䡣һΣҵʱҪԪҵġ¾
ԱϣԲκԥֱӽ¾ʩչ˲ʹ߷˼¡
ˡ
ľ磬Ѫ΢زһȦȦεľٶȴѪӿ
¾ɣ
ԿһȣֱӽԪ޵ıϢ
¾֮Ч߼ľԪ޵ıϢ
ųԵĴ¾˲䱬ڳԵĹע֮£ֲ֮ɲǼ佫Ԫ޵ıϢɵһɶ
󣬳ܹϴĸܵԼеľֱӱǣȷһΡ
ɹˣ
һĻпϲû뵽ԼԭȵĲȻõ顣
һεĳɹԽڿԪװƷޣѾ൱İա
Ԫ׾Ʒǲ׳ԵģԪ׾ƷޣȻὫԷֱնɱȻǶԷȫƣһ˿һĿܣԶ޷ơ
ԷһʹñϢԳԽзǳԶȻ׶༪١
£ȿͷԪްɡ
һ̣һɸΪľٶ͸Ԫ޵ꡣ
ܡľôһӾ͵˰˽׺ʦѵҵϢҲ뵱ޣ
ʱԪѾȫعԴʱľǰǿһȽףޱȣͬʱһɿ־벻̲סŭҶóѵģҪ汳
Ԫ޸һ˵꣬ϵϢȻÿޱȡ
⣬ˣֻԪҪԱ
һʱԪ޵ľٶûƬ̳ɣһ˱ʩչǿУź浹ɳȥ£Ҳǿٵ롣
ԣˡ
ҲǸܵԪϵĿϢûеһʱ䵹ˣǼٳ򳽻ԣץȥҪȫ͸ԪеĳԴ롣
ԵֻԪװƷ޼һĻҲûϣܹųԶ㿪
ǻ۲ͣԪ޵ϣҲܵǿҵΣգΪҪԣҲҪ㿪ˡ
ԪװƷ޵ԱǾŽ۷ʦᱻֱըм
ǰԱѹ
ȻʱԵڻȻӿһİ׹⣬׹ֱӳԪ޵Ķͷΰס
ԪɢĿҲ˲ƽϢȥͺʲôûһ
⡭ԪװƷ޵ԱȻѹȥˣ
ôܣԪװƷǰԱȻ첻¾ѰĴʦɣ
һĻʩչһ˲ӵķҪųԶ㿪İͣ˽ŲŴͶųԣ˲š
ҿơ
ԿͻȻһȡ
ˣ
һԪ޼ѵվųԹصͷ­
ֻ
ǰȫ֣ԱϢԣͼľ磬󱻳ʩչ¾ɺͼԱ볽ͬھȴû뵽ͷͻȻһѹסͶˡ
Կ꣬ǳȫƾոͼɱɣ걻ĥʹࡣ
ʱˡ
Ԫޣ㲻صһôѾҵľޣǰҵĲȵȣȫûֻҪԺȫȫΪЧͣҵҲͷ㣬õ޾벻ĺôԿһԪޣѾǿԪ޴ʱ뷨
л֮
Ԫæϥأޱȸм˵
ˣϻƣ˰ɡ˵ţֱӽԪֻԪװƷ뵽ռ䡣
ʱһʱڹȥϰ˽׺ʦľֱӽ߽׺ʦĲΡ

ֻһ߽׺ڵľȴͻȻǡ


265 ̶
߽۷ʦ
һԪװƷĹ󣬳ԵľͻƵ߽۷ʦĲΣֻһ뵽˽ʦ
ڳɹˣ
¶һ˿ϲɫ߽۷ʦľӦÿɵؿԪװƷްɣʩչ¾ԪװƷ۷ޣܹһٿơ
ԣϲ㣬ɹԪޣҾȡͻơվ󣬰ǰϲص
ԲûˣɹԪޣҾһΣҲΪԸеԵĸˡ
΢΢һЦ⻹Ƕ񵤣Ҳ޷Ԫޡ
ڶڰĺøҲֱոԪҪԱʱľȻȫԪУ飬֪ġ
ոûֱߣҪԿǿ
ڷˣԵûзϡ
ԡңи֮롭ͻȻ˵
ԿŰͷʲôҪæģ㾡˵ɣܰһ㣬һᾡ㡣
˵ҵǰսʱܵصˣơѪɭһֽ쾧ľѾ֪쾧Ѫɭ̶ֵֻȴһֻԪ׾ƷأҲĶ֡ʱȣٸϻؼǰѾϣܹҡ
˵쾧ƾȷ𣿡
ȻȷҪǼеʹطƳ쾧ȻɹʲǺܸߡ
Ȼˣھǰ̶ɡ
ԣӦһǰ̶ˣóԴӦϲ˵Щš
Ҫ֪һ̶֮У˵൱ΣգԪ׾Ʒ޵ѰľŽʦԸˣֻԪʵʻĴʦŲſԶԸ
һҪ󣡡Եͷ
æʲôҪ㾡˵ֻҪܰ쵽ʲôӦ㡭
˵仰ƺ뵽ʲôӿһ˿糺֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ʲôֱ˵룬һ쾧Ƴ쾧ӦòֹһŰɣ
ȷһ쾧Ƴ쾧
Ե˵ͷϣƳ쾧ܹŸҡ
֮ԴӦǰ̶Ƴ쾧ҪţΪ쾧򽣵ľ
Ժʱܹ֮һ򽣵򽣲ֹݺĳǳؽϣڳ˵ϼ顣
Ȼ֮Ҫ쾧Ϊ飬㵱ûǷ飬Զ򽣡
˴ΰٳѡΣ޴϶Ժǰ̳ǣȵʱ棬޴羭֮ˡ૵
쾧û⣬ֻҪõ쾧ҿŵʱ򲻹Ƴ˼쾧ٸšӦ
ҡΪ쾧ôõõȻǾʦʵҲǿᣬҲò㣬ֻԪ׾Ʒ޸ܶԸ
ɽͻȻЦʱûпֻԪ׾ƷޣȴǿˣһֻԪ׾ƷޣһǴ۷״̬ңû´ĻӦڵ伮صģ޾ХħߣսѰһ״ʦǶ֣ΪܶԸ𣿡
ȻԪ׾Ʒ۷ı޾ХħߣΪʲôң뺦𣿡һĻʱŭʱδԪ׾Ʒ޵ı壬ֻΪǲһֻѰԪ׾Ʒޡ
ХħߣܶԸģ¾һ״ʦǾХħߵĶ֡
ʼҵʱֲ֪СӰæұ㷵ذǺٸģȷذǣҼ߽״ʦǰǿХħߣ
⻰ҲǸеΪΣҲַʱֱӶųԵԣʵǱǸҲֻ֪޾ȻǴ˵еľХħߣԪ׾Ʒ۷ľХħߣܹԸãҿǻٶȸϻذǣҵĳǰԸХħ߰ɡֻϣʱʱ仹üģֻҪõ쾧ҴӦ쾧ǻġ
Ѱһ״ʦҪЩԪ׾ƷХħ𣿺ǺǣΪͻƵ߽۷ʦǿͷХħڵʵ
һˣԲɿڵҵĻʹǰ̶ɡ
Իǰ̶ɷ̵ҡ㻹浱ԼǻˣΪܹԸХħߣʱ򿴵Хħ߾ˣҿǸϿ췵ذǣеĸǰԸХħߡ
ܣʱ㱻˰ɣԳԣǿȥǳ
ҡ
ųԵԣаնԸХħߣھͳɡϣǿϾХħ߿Ѱһ״ʦǶֵǿڡ
Ǻǣ˷ʱ䣬ھͳɡ
á
ڰĴ£ԱֱӳѪɭڲһȥ
ɺޣԾȻһ𷵻ذǡûϵҪõ쾧𣿵ʱ϶ҲǰذǣʱҾҪȥ˳ųԵıӰһҲ¿ٸȥ
һˣһ˰ʱ䣬ԽӵѪɭ֣ԪƷԪװƷޣҲԽԽࡣ
ҲûзŹκһᣬ̶̰ʱ䣬ٶȿ㳬һͷԪƷޣԪװƷޣҲʮֻ
Ȼ֪ԪƷƷޣľǱˮнҲ⣬ȻԸ޵Ļᡣ
ҿƴޣ뵽ӡУʵżİ
ԵİˣҲǿĿɿڴ˽ѪɭҪСģ»ܵ޵͵ϮӶΣա
žŽʦΪҲκδ⡣
ȴǽѪɭֵ˺԰ƵģκһֻԪƷԪװƷһǣᱻԵһʱ䷢֣ٶȿơ
ԪƷ޵깲ҵѾǺˣʮֻԪװƷޣҲֻҵľҪ˽ʦҪʮֻԪװƷϵޡ
ڿһֻԪװƷ޺󣬸߽ͣ۷ʦľĸΣܹһֻԪ׾ƷޣҵľȻһͻƵ˽ʦϧڵľ˵Ԫ׾ƷˣԪװƷڵޣ޷ơ
ԣ㻹̶̰ʱ䣬ȻͿ˳һͷԪƷޣлʮֻԪװƷޣһûôľʦءһЦ˵
ҡҡͷȻܹƴԪƷޣʵȴ˶١ңһֻԪƷޣһһ״ʦء
ںķԵĻʱЦ١Сӵе֪֮һֻԪƷޣǷѩӶɳһɴʦɵľӶСӣͿ׵ˡΪǾʦͺ˲ôδɳ֮ǰʲôǡųǲɳĻġ


266 һս
Цҡҡͷָǰԣǰٹȥ˹ȵأ͵̶ִˡ
ţǼӿٶȸϹȥɡ
Ե˵ͷѾظܱܵ߿е¶Ѿ
£һٶȼ٣Ըٶȳ̶ķȥ
һ·ϳҲûʲôޣȻΪǾХħߵĵ̣û޸̫
ԽǰУܱߵ¶ȱԽ͡
Ӻ󣬵Ե߽һȵغǿһƽ׵ĺ̶
̶Ǻܴ󣬵ɢ¶ȣȴʹóԵڵԪתЩͣ͡
¶Ȼǵͣ¶°ٶˡתױ壬Žǹɺȫ⡣
Ѿ̶Хħʱ֣Ա״̬۷壬ʱս׼
ֶλ࣬ĺܹþŽʦҪԪ塣Ե쳣һۣʱ̲ס̾˵
΢΢һЦһЩСֶΰˡ
˵꣬ߵ̶ϣ۲Ρ
̶ϷȻƮԳԵǿһۿΧģؿ̶龰
ԣХħ߾ں̶棬һľ費Ҫȡ߹˵
̶¼ֱͣӷӹȥĻ˴ױ嵹û⣬ȴееԲ
ľȡɡ
ͷһӣǽµĺ̶УʱһҿԳʮ˵ľ
ȥɡ
˵ţȳľ£
Ҳ߰ɡ
һ¸ľ
£һ˳СֱŶʻȥ
ȻھХħδ֣ȴǲҴ⣬Сʱתױ壬ͬʱתžӦܣʱս׼
ڣֱľûκΣշ
Хħ߾ǰɽС㣬ǧþХħ߷ǣȻ˭ҲӲˣΧѰ쾧ɡ˵
ȻӦ˰Ū쾧ҲԸХħߣ͵͵Ѱҡ
ɲΪԿԶԸ˾Хħߡ
ѾܵˣХħھǸɽ棬û´ĻǸոտ̶ʱѾˡŷڽͷХħ߲㶯֣Ӧ˵м㶯֣ȻĻΪϴܹȫߣ
ԣ˵𣿾ХħѾˣô죿ҪҪ뿪ٶȷذǣЩż˵Хħķǣǿɾ׶༪ˡ
ԵХħߵȷǷˣֻҪǲǲǶֵģΪֻϰˣмǶ֡
ĲǶ֣ϲ
Եͷԣҿȷ
ĻҲ˿Ƕ֣ȻˣǾͲĶѨĴѰ쾧ɡ
Ѱ쾧£ͽˡŲԶĶѨ˵ܹܵڶѨУһ쳣ǿϢ
ϢȻûдﵽһƷޣΣճ̶ȣȴѾԱѰһƷˣѰһʦ֡
ԣ㡭
϶ˣȻһѰ쾧ĵӶûУ㻹˵Ҫǵ̶û뵽ڲХħߵϢ󣬾Ȼȥ쾧ҡ϶¾ХħͻȻǶ֣ʱһ־Хħ춯Ȼһʱ
ųЦŵתһ֣ľ˿ռָҾͽľ㵽ʱôӣХħ߶ǳˣҲøһΪ㲻¾Хħߣû뵽ǰȻװǻơ
ԳԵȻּڽ֮⣬Ҳǰס˷ִ磬˵̫⼤ŭԣܲĺ
һĿģΪȼԣ׼һХħ춯ҪԸǣܹһԿХħߡ
֮ԽľҲΪ˶Ͼߵĺ·
̫ģߣҲûȨңôˣΪ˶˵𡭡ԣȥǳⷽʱȴǷֳѾִǰХħڵĶѨȥ
˸ˣҵĿ쾧⣬ͷХħߡҲҴеĿꡣ
ԵһݣֱǰĶѨ棬һ޾սХۻԪйХħߣһս
Хħߣһս
̶ХӳԵĿдȥܹݡ
⡭찡ԾȻХħ߷սǷ𣿾Хħ߿ǱѰһ״ʦҪĴڣȫΪܵХħߵĶսХħߣһģ㱻ŵˤ𺳵ָų˵
ոճ˵Լȥ쾧˵Ǿ¾ХħߣһХħ߳ͳľ룬Ϊ˻⽫ľ
ȻĽԼȥѰ쾧Ϊ¾ХħߣΪҪȥսХħߡ
ƺһʼԾǱսХħߵĿĶġ
ԹȻǱ򵥣ھȻХħ߶սŲԶԵӰϳź֮ɫ
ǰԿʮֻޣҳֻԪװƷޱʱͲµԲǺܼ򵥡
ԼȻԪװƷ޶ƲˣΪܹٻֻԪװƷ޳
֪䣬ԳԳ˺档
𡭡
࣬ǽ̶ҵĶѨҶùˣֻҪŵҵϢҲǡû뵽ھȻͼսңҪ𣿼ȻˣҾͳȫ㣬̶С
ʱǰĶѨ֮УȻɷͬ͵ĺ˰㣬ݺݵĳڳԵϡ
ɷ¾ѰľŽʦᱻֱˣˡ
ߣСХħߣҽվսģɱңǾͳһսó汾½նɱȻĻҿҪֱӳȥˣʱĶѨݻˣɱԹҡھХħߵɷ֮Уȴûж仯·ХħߵŽʦ˵ɷ˿á
࣬ݵ÷
һŭһӴɫʱǰĶѨзڶ˿ɫ޲һ
͵͵ĿһξХħߵķͬŴ͡
ԭɫХħߣ˰壬߸ȻŶʮɸߣվͬһ㡣
žХħɢĿֲƣͰɫٶȷЩ仯ǰȻ֪Хħ൱£Ͼûۼʶ
ʱۼХħߣϵϢҲȫȷͷХħߣԱѰһ״ʦҪµöࡣ

״ʦ϶ûôµơ
һʱ䣬ɵΪһѺ

һԵķͻȻһҿǻȵ԰ȥɡ


267 Хħ
ΪʲôߣһտʼЩɻ󣬵ɫس
Ȼǡϸһ£ܰﳽԵæ𣿾Хħߵ΢һţпܵɱֿ㳽ҪԸХħߣҲҪȫԸɣһХħߵĹǣ˵Ի᲻ȣʱȻġХħսĵĻӦõʲô³ɣ
⡭
Ļʱ
ȻȴХħ߽עŵϣӶӲˣʱ򳽻һҪǣһ߻ҪХħսΪʵô𣿡ߴŵ
ٶȿһ۲ԶľХħߣǼѵĵͷðɣھȵ԰ȥɡ
Ӧ϶ʱֳϲ֮ɫæذߣľȡȫȥŶ԰ʻȥ
ԣҪСĵ㣬ǧҪˡվľϣŶѨХħ߶ŵĳԣĬĬš
˷ҽľŪˣԾӶûˣ̶ϵ¶ȣֿܵġڶ桭٣ΪХħôöԸô
뿪ҲáʡҴỹıǡ
Լ뿪Ҳ˿ڷ
һｫľߣǲ룬ھХħߵϡҲٸˡ
һˣջֱעžХħߣְɣ
࣬ȻҲ֪Ϊʲôܹҵѹ֧סΪͿϻǾˡ
Хħ˵ţӴ΢΢һʱͬһСɽųѹ
ݡ
Խż棬ֱʮɶߣ齣ڴ˿ҲǺȻʣĽâֱžХħŭ̶ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ԲʩչһҲǽʩչ£ױҲʱ̵תţرľǲ˿иʱ̷žХħߵĹ
е࣬ʵȻǱô򵥣Ȼҵϣҷսûر£ǽˡ
Хħ߼һûܻгԣԷʱŭɶɷ
һСС࣬ȻǰһٶطеԼܵǰδеơ
Լϵˣնɱ
¡¡
ХħؾŤһ̣ĳβʯȻ仮գ͵򳽻ԡ
㹥ƣ·նΡ
һ¾ѰԪ׾Ʒޣᱻɷ顣
Ȼױ壬ǣҪƾֵһҲǳ˵Ρ
ȻֵܵҾͶ㡣ĹȻǿҵٶȶȻ
ԾХħߣԸ޷֮濹⣬ڹһĽâ˾Хħߺ㽫һǰһľסԼŲкһ
һ̣˲һ㣬ֱӳڰ׿⡣

һĽھХħߵϣһ죬û뵽Хħߵڡ
ֻǣȴûжѪ
Ȼһû˵Хħ߷ֺ
ٶȾȻô죿ˡ
Хħ߼һĻ˶۾ҲԼȻ֮ٶȣɱԣͲô׵ˡ
࣬ٶȵȷҴһҪɱҲҪѲ㲻Ҫսһζܣ潻սǾͱ˷ʱ䣬Ҳȥ˯Хħߵ˵
һʮɵɽϣžХħߵһԪ׾Ʒ۷ޣһڱ࣬Ѱһ״ʦĶ֣ҲһСС߽ʦƾʲôս
㻹Хħϰ۾¡
ȻȴͻȻһЦȻս㣬û˵һҪ潻սֱӸɣҽĿ֣ڵʵﵽʲôΡֽˡ
ʲô˵ʲô㾹ȻҵҸ֣ˡһҪʬΣ
ХħһԵĻ޾ŭɷʱϱŷͬɽû֮ʣЯſµܣٶȣֱӳųײȥ
ٶȣ˿ڳԣǴ£ǱȳԻҪһߡ
ǺƣȻͼҲ͵Ϯҡ
ݡ
ھХħθնԵҲ˸ȥֱӶ㿪˾Хħߵӭ
¡
¸ովһɽͬƵģֱӱ÷飬Хħߵû֮һ
ʱԻվɽ֮ϣҲͬɽһûκʵıɷ顣
¾
ʱ̣ԾȻת£еѪҲǾ
һ̣ܵԪȻڿǰ֪˷
ݡ

齣ƽ̶ûκλΣȻһ˲䣬Ԫ·ܵĳǣƣһʱ۵齣Ľ֮ϡ
һɿµϢ齣֮ɢ
ԭٶȻǺܿ齣Ȼ·뵽ΧĿռУԪһ壬ֱХħߵ
һ̣ХħҲǲŨŨΣͷȥϾҪԼϵ齣ʱͫ׶ʱ
Ϊ齣֮ϣȻᵽһǿҵϢ
ʱ齣˵һ
һ䵽ԼϣԻƿǱȾҪӲķӶնΡ
Ȼͼɱң
Хħߴһβڶĳ齣ȥ

Хħβ͵ٶվ΢Щ齣ҪХħߵʱ齣֮ϡ
ҵ¾¾ҲҪ㸶һЩۣ
ԼХħٶȾ֮죬գۼ齣Ҳĸʧһֱ˾ХħߣȴǲϾХħߵٶȱлҪࡣ
º󣬳ԶȻ齣һת齣Ľ棬ʱ׼˾Хħߵβ͡
͡
һ̣ХħߵһСβͣ齣ķâ£һϺɫѪӲ뿪ȥ
ôܣԾȻƿ˾ХħߵķХħߵβͶնˣǿѰһ״ʦ޷鰡
̫ˣոճԵĹʵ̫ǿˣһ˲䣬ҸоΪ˵ʦһ㣬ԵһԪáǵͨʦʩչĳ
ʱɽͰѾ˶԰ڿնϾХħߵβͺ޲Ǿ
رǷոΪԾХħߣֻ·һȻǷص˶԰󣬳ԲûХħߵĽսУߵβͶնһС
ʵѰһ״ʦӵаɣ
ڣҲΨС¡֣ݳԣ
𡭡࣬նҳβֱղ˭㣬㶼ֻ·һ


268 շХħ
Хħŭһº󣬳ԺȻоХħϳѹǿѹȻֹ
ʱĳԣʩչ¾󣬲Ǿ壬ֳһ״̬
Хħߵ˫ۣȴǾ˸û뵽ХħߣڹؼʱȻͻˣȻֻͻˣͻƶ˵޴󡣡
ھХħߣԽԽˡ
ֻǣԷ־Хħߴʱľٶʱ鶸Ȼһ䣺ãХħ߾ȻʩչˡХأһƷ֮ʩչľХأ¾Ƕʦ嶼ֱӱըɷɣ
εĶսõ˽ˣҵĿѾﵽ
žХħ͵ϢεҡҡͷѾȷˣԼʩչ¾ȫԶԿһһ״ʦ
ԾĲٿس̶ȴﵽ񾳽ʩչ¾Ѿ
ãԼΪͻƵ˰˽ʦʩչ¾Իɱһ״ʦˡ

ȫʩչʵ̫󣬲򲻵ѣԲʩչ¾
ͽˡХħߵľХȻҪԸˣȴЩ㡣ҡ˿𡣡
һˣһӣߴʱǰˡ
ڷӡʮʱˣʱѾӸߴ󣬴ﵽ˽ߣɢϢǰҲҪǿ࣬Ӹոս׵һƷޣһƷڲΡ
ݡ
һ֣ûκԥֱӳžХħ߱ȥһƷڵĿƣϷرһžžХħ߰ȥ
𡭡
Ȼ䣬ХħߵĿУһͬըĺ
һ֣һһسų֮߳ռвϵش˿˿죬·ռ䱻˺һ㡣
رܵɽĳ֮£ֱݡ
ˡ
Ȼʱһ˶Ȼȭɽʯֱɢδֹһ㡣
ʲôʦޣôôХħߵľУȻͱһȭƵˣ
ޣһƷޣҡǶǳٻģӳԵ¡찡ԲܹԪװƷޣԭһƷ޶𡣡
ٻˣչֳµʵ󣬷밢ˣʱ
ڷ£ŵʧŴǰ۷ս
ʲôȻҵľХضȥˡ
ХħǰһĻ˲ţܵɢͻƺҪǿĿϢʱޱ䣬ȻһƷޣൽʲôҪսǽҵģٻһƷ϶Ըҡ
һ㣬Хħû˿ԥֱתԾ̶ֱߡ
ˣ
ȻҪʱɢǿɵξֱϣٶһʱͣ

һ̣Хħ߸оԼ壬ߴޱȵɽݺݳײһ£ֲӴֱź󷽵˳ȥҵʹֱӻʹȥ
ˣͻƵһƷޣХħ߶û˿ֵ֮
⡭ϵϢ̫ǿˣԲѰޣѰı޶ûô¡Хħӿһе㤵ͷ
Ϊ޵ڱҲΪ˽⡣
ûʶ˿µıޡ
¡
ХħߵڵϣֱҳһɵĹ֣·һ㣬ҵز˼¡
ھХħڵͬʱҲһһ䵽ԴԱߣǿֱӽһԴԻᱻֱӺɷ顣
࣬˵սңȴǿһƷԸң㵽ʲôХħ߳ųԷŭغ
ˣȻҶ㲻ҪҪɱʱһ˿˵
Щɬöδ˵ַ·ǵһο˵
ڷռʱѾ޽ҲػῪ˵ˡ
˵ĻХħߵʱһ
óֻҪ΢һͷվԵˣԻԥһȭԴ
𣿡
ԿžХħߣȥʵ
ߣѾˣҪɱҪУϤ㡣Хħߵ˵
Цһһѡ񣬵һڶҵľޣԻһ԰ͻƵһƷ
Ǿʦ

ߡǾʦΣһûгΪūϰߡХħЩмĵҵѾͻƵһƷΪҪæԼֻҪʱ䣬ԳɹͻƵһƷ
޵ʵЩƣ꣬ǿˣŻǿ
ô㲻ʱ̫֪֪ǰޣʮǰǻûʱΪԪ׾Ʒ۷壬ҲˣǲͻƵһƷһﵽһƷڡҵľޣҲȷʮʱһͻƵһƷڣһƷڣȴûġ롭ٶȣڵʮٱ
ԵؿžХħߣҵʱޣɡ
Хħ߶ʱĬ
㲢ҵľްǺǣҲò˵ͻƣǰͻˡšף±Ͷ̥
ų£վھХħԵˣһ𣬱Ҫֺɱ
ȵȡ
ХħͻȻ˵ֻҪӦңԺлᣬҽѪɭѰҵҵ壬Ҿ͵ľޡ
˵ʲôǾХħ߻壿
仰Ծ͸оԴը졣
ϢڱըԵġ
ޱϡУһһǧֻһֻ棬ѵûһֻࡣ
û뵽ʱХħ߾ȻǾХħ߾Ȼ塣
ǵģǾХħߵ壬Ѫɭ˿û֪Хħ߽͵
ԵͷãҿԴӦ㣬ǰһѪɭǱҪҾǵʵѪɭԱСȻĻҲ֪ǽѪɭȫΪ
ǣˣ
ХħӦ
ˣڷſꡣ
˵ţǰһֱӳ뵽Хħߵ굱У͸ơ
ХħߵȻǿ󣬵ʱûһ˿Ŀܣƾȫ͸Գûܵκѣ˲һʱ䣬ȫס˾Хħߵꡣ
ˡ
ХħѾܵԼ볽ԾϵųԹĵͷ­
ԵͷҴĿģ˴շ㣬⻹Ū쾧Ӧаɣ
Хħæеˣ쾧ҵĶѨУҲֹţʮţھʹȥȡ
Хħ˵ţ䶯ӴĶѨȥ


269 صСˮ
Եͷջطռ䣬ͷ۶԰İǸžĥųĶѨȥ
찡Хħ߾Ȼ򳽻Գˣô˵ԾͿһƷˡҡһƷޣԲѰޡԹȻǲһ㰡ڿ϶ǰХħߵĶѨȡ쾧㽫ľȡǹȥŷ˵
͵ضǰԵǿƱ֣Ѿס
ܿͱû뵽츳Ȼǿᣬ߲һƷޣʵҲֱһ״ʦ츳һɳضǾ춯أٲǷѩӶܹġҵþˣԲٳɳȥ

һ߽ХħߵĶѨһζʱӭüͷ̲ס΢΢
ζȳĸо
һȳζͻȻˬ࣬ǰΪʩչ¾УȻֱʧ״̬һӻָ۷״̬
ѨȻһأ
¶ݣԼı仯ãԼֻҪһ£ֱͻƵ˽ʦľ硣
Բ֪Լ츳Σط츳ǿֻҪתԶȳϢͬȡͻơ
Դһ۶ѨڲѨռܴŽǧƽףѨҲ൱տ
ܿ죬Ŀ˶ѨϵһСˮء
ˮеˮʰɫʱʱһЩóעԭΪǹȳϢǴСˮɢġ
ˣǸСˮҲ֪ʲô׺Ҿ͸оҪ˺һ㣬ȥˮҵаХħ߿עСˮأɵý
ѹ־ХħߵͻƣԭԭСˮХħߵĻСˮҲЩȤ
ȴȥȡ쾧˵
ˣ쾧ȫʯϣھ͸ȡ
Хħ˫Ŀһһʱ۾ֱͶ˲Զһʯڡ
Կؿں⵱УʮŰɫԲιʵ
ݡ
е쾧һ΢е쾧ȫʯڣھХħߵĿ£ӵǰ
쾧һŨŨĹζʱڣ壬ԾǸоԼľĲٶȣ֪ӿ
쾧ԾƣȷдЧáȻ޴ľѾ˶꣬˶쾧ҪƺãӦò⡣һ֣е쾧ȫ뵽ռָУԶСˮء
Хħ߿ųʵˣǴСˮҪҪȥ·
ãϻЩƣȽһطҡǸطӦÿԺܿﵽһƷΡҡͷ
ģȻôĵطХħ߶ʱϲ
ԵͷҲֱͣһֽХħ뵽˷ռ䵱С
ŵȾХħڷռһʱȻ׷ռЧʱҲҪٽˡ
ҾȥСˮ澿ʲôöߵľȻ˴İ
һֱСˮء
ųԿСˮأǸое¶ȣ·ڻ½š
ԲδЩСˮصС
ñˮ
սСˮأԱǸо̹ǵĺϮ̲סһΪѰǿ̫࣬һ幦µһ£ͻܵصˡ
ˮ¶ȣҲﵽ¡
ֻȻȣˮȴûнɱ飬Ϊ졣
ûЩֱתױ壬壬޷͸嵱С
ݡ
̶ԾֱСˮ·ٳȥ
ս뵽СˮУԱоǰһƬڣֲָ
ǿᣬȻֻܹӦԲʮ׵ķΧ
Խ³ԱܹܵԼľƵʣԽӿ١
ʱ䣬½ٶס
ʱ򣬳ǸܵԼĺЩܵĳļѹʱű
ҵǿȲХħߵʮ֮һת˴ױ壬ҲԶԶХħߡףѾҵļˡ
Ҳһֻܹ³ף£Իֱըɷ飬ûƬСˮصС
Լ޷룬֮ӦÿҲﻷưɡ
ţֱת֮İ׹ʱɢڡ
ʱ䣬Ըоеѹȫʧޱɡ
ڣҾȥ澿ʲô
һ䣬ֳһЦ⣬ζȻ٣ͬ価ˮֱ½СˮеһЩƣԳҲ˿á
Ĳ³ظܵˮ¶ȱԽԽ͡
ÿ³ʮףܵˮ¾ͻ½һȡ
ңľԽԽ졣
ʮӣԵٶ³˽ӽһǧס
ŷ֮ԶΧĸӦΧѾø󣬿ԸܵԲ׵Ρ
˵еȫ֮С
Գһٶȣûз֮طתױ壬¶ֱӱһ˰ɡطҵľȴƽʱİٱ֮ࡣֻҪһʱ䣬ҵľǿͻƵ˽ʦߡ
ﾪ̾ţҲЩΣȻһأҪҪ֮
֮Ȼ֧Ųôʱ䣬һСʱԾͱҪ뿪Сˮء
Ե
εҡҡͷϾĴ㡣
סʲôСˮеĺǴﴫġ
Ŀһת˲Զһʯڡ
Ļ֮£ԲֲܻĿռ䣬Ȼʱʯ棬ȴһŰɫˮֲ֮
ңֲ·棬ʱʱһЩ֣ͬ顣
ԼоСˮеĺǴطɢ
ûκԥԾֱˮݴȥ
ĽˣڿؿЩͬɢĶִһۿȥֶϰٿš
ЩǡǺ찡ﾹȻϰٿǺ
ϳŶΪʱʱһӿֳŨŨĿϲ֮ɫ
û뵽Сˮص£Ȼ֮Ǻ
ǺѾڴá
֮Իδ÷ƻΪȱǺ
ֻҪһǺǿ÷ƻȻǺΪϡйԣ̻ᣬղһš
û뵽ѰҵǺǰǺֹһţϰٿš
ңЩǺдСɫǳһȻݶǲͬ


270 
һȭͷСǺǺǳǧݡ
ǺСĶĴָ󣬼ﵽϡ
û뵽Ȼ˴ջǺֻҪһұæƻʱϵٲˡ
ϲͬʱûκԥֱӽеǺ뵽ռ䵱С
ˣáǴ˵еݣڳԽеǺȫ뵽ռʱǼϰٿǺδ˵һ仰ķ񣬾Ȼʱ˳ԵԺС
չؽˣ
һϲص
ˣдڱչڼ䣬ֻᵽݵϢ̲ס㣬Щħʵ̫Ӵ¹ʮʱȻһ붼δաڿ콫뿪ˮص£ƺһΪĶҶܵǿҵв
ԵЩ뵣ǡ
滹Ķ
һæͷҵȥֱ֣ץС
ݡ
ȻݸոհγҪ뵽ռʱݺȻһڹ⣬ԳԵƴϣֱû뵽ľ硣

ֻоһƬرѪƣĺڹӿʱѪƱؽɴؽ֮սȥ
ѪƽڹգѪƶȻһǿľӶ
𡭡
ʱˮص£·һŨŨɷԹߵĺСˮصˮֱӱ÷ڿ·˷ȼĵ
ߣ
ǵʱԱǸоһս·ʱ顢ݣ̲סһ
׿⴫û뵽׵ľ룬СˮȻҵľ״һҳֱ֣Ӻһ綼ˡ
ԷԸûһ˿֮ģһٶȳϷȥ
ΪѾ֣·ƺһԻصţǻϿ˵أȴľٲ
ʱܹܵԼľΪ١Ծһ㣬ԵĲʩչظΪƬ̣СˮϷ
û˿и·ʱѾ۵˼㣬һɽʱᱬʱǳŷ֮壬Ҳֱӱɢ
֮һɢȴģ·һ
ӡ
˼ֱԾСˮأص˶ѨС
ԣĽСˮˣû°ɣڳԸСˮطضѨϲͻȻ
Կһ۰ϵľϲģȫĶǹװġ
ȹĵģǳԣǳûҵ쾧һ㣬Ȼе⣬ҲΪ͸ˡ
֪ڵһ⣬Ѿõ˳ԵȫϿɣȫѡ
򷽻ʱǼһĨʧ
ȻΪԼСˮС
ϾСˮضѰ˵㿿ҪתԪ˵ˡ
ȻڳԽеǺȫ֮СˮеĺѾࡣ
һΣյĶǱ뿪Ȼʱɥˡ
˵ţŮ֮ܲӣһסϸһݣٶȳŶѨӶȥ
뻳óһ
ʱϾ룬ֱӽʩչ£ҲǷתԿһ״ʦٶȣŶȥ
ΣյĶ
üͷ΢壬ʶһСˮأһ̣ǸоһϢӭҪϢ
ӣԣңңҷѩӶűض͡
ǹΣյϢȫҪԼҲ˲棬򳽻Գȣͬʱһݣֱ򳽻ԣͼסԸǿµĴڡ
㣿ΪҲٰ֪ôЩСȫֻúƽϰˡߣ֮ΣҾ㣬ÿ𣿸ȥɡ
Իһ䣬һɾϸӳԵľֱû뷽ԺǼԵ壬ӲͣԵð
ԣվס
ܿ죬عֳѾ§ŰӳѨüҪѪ
ʱҲǿûľ޷ɹ̶ĳԣȻ§ŰֱӴ̶Ͽȥ
ôܣôֱӷɹ̶¶ȿ½ٶȣ۷ʦԪת
ҡͷš
Ȼһ̣һŨŨϢϮоԼ·һ㣬Ѳˡ
ҲܵԼ£ѾûϢƾʧһ㡣
ԼͷϷ·һţʱʧϡ
ԣ㲻ҵĻǷѩӶԲŹġ
۾һУϲľǱвûѩӶŲҪҡ
£ٶȼӿٶȣֱӹ̶˶԰
Ȼ˿ɣֱӽѪɹָٻͰѪɭΧشȥ

Ҫ˵Щʲôûſڣһֱֻӵͷ£˶ʱʧ֮С

žĶѨУ
ͻȻ䣬ѨĿռ΢΢䶯ţһӵΣƾո֡
˿ȥһָаȣ۽ǴֱѪۣͬȥһ㣬ر˫ۣһƬڣ޷ݡ
СһϾȻҶеΣյϢΪǧǰܵδָҵʱҪ׷ȥơ£һǸϿˣȬͷѪɭǧǰǱʣԲܾôˡ
˵ţһֱʧԭء
ѨڣٶȻָƽ
ֻ
ڳԽǺȡߺ¶ڻò˶ãͻһ
ԣǴ˵аѵһѪɹ𣿡
У§ŰѪɹֵıϣһ˷ܵʵȥ˿ûΪٺµӡ
εصͷⶼѾǵʮˡ
ǡҲ̫˰ɣѪɹְѵһıޣХħ߶ȲҮȷ˴ʱڽµľǴ˵еѪɹ֣ŨŨš
ǺǡҲǻԵɺϣŻѪɹ֡ЦŽ͡
ʱҲȷǻԵɺϣԼѰҵѪɹ֣Ѫɹ
ô㶼շѪɹ֣ͷѪɹ֣ƺѾԪװƷ˰ɣһǴ۷״̬ʱͻƵԪ׾ƷĲΡ
ȷ
Ե˵ͷոշѪɹʱѪɹֲԪƷޣѾͻƵԪƷ
ڷռ˼ʱ䣬ٶȡͻƣͻƵԪװƷǴﵽ۷״̬ʱͻƣһٳΪԪ׾Ʒޣֳ׾硣
ʱ쾧ܹţӦ㹻˰ɣ˵ţϳ쾧ݸ


271 
æӹۺ󣬾ϲصȻ쾧̫ˣµоˡԣлл㡭ĺܸм㡣û쾧޷ʱƣοɾΣˡ
£ڼ֮£ûʲôֱż⣬ڳԵһڡ
ʱƺû˼Լ־ٶʲôǴ˷ܵС

Զʱɵۣ
Ҳǻع뵽ԼոΪ̫˷ܶľٶնʱһƬͨ죬㾱ͬһƬ
رǴ˿̳§ĸо̲סͷȥ볽Զӡ
ʱҲ֪˵ЩʲôԱ۾žı仯
ոս뾫磬ɵõһ
УԭȲĴ糤ѪƣʱȻһ磬Ҹʵ
ҲܹܵԼ߽۷ʦľƺֻҪԼһͷֱͻƵ˽ʦ
ѪΧһŰ嫵ɫǳ磬óԸоԼһɫ
ЩȫǾľ
ԸоԼû˿ԥֱʩչ¾Щɫȫۣ뵽ѪƵС
ѪǰԶЩһ磬ǴʱԼƣѪȫվľΪһεȿµĳ̶ȣ
ԣһæ
Եĺ𽥼٣Ϊʲôа飬ʱޱȽæҳһͼֿԵ
ʲôæ˵
еҪʼֱӳ˽ʦ
ãԼ˴վԲֹͻƵ˽׳ʦô򵥡
뵽һ㣬Եޱ˷Ȳֱ飬ҲûΣֱӱϡ

һ㣬һŷĶʱؼһֻС¹Ƶײȫҿ˻
Ϊʲô˷ܣΪʲôȲ
ʱ˸Ǹʲô¿˷Ȳ
ȻŮӣҲ˽ӴŮ֮һϲͨ
Ϊ棬ͣѻ˵Ľֽ̹顣
ʱԺ֪ѾֳһĻڸ߿µ龰
һŽӣʱӿֳһ죬ҪγѪһ˫ĿУ˿˿̬֮
ڳԣᣬȽϲദ
رǸոʱԲͬ⣬§ߡ
ʱڳԻֻһָоرаȫУرطɡ
ͺеΣնȥǣԻ
Ǹʱ򣬳ԵӰѾ֪ס
ȻҲΪ˷ܣֱ׳ԡ
Ǻܿ죬һ˿С볽ʶһʱ䣬໥ûһ˿˽⣬ûκθȻҿȷΪ̹ҲеϲϲҲô°
㵹ǿ˵˵Һð¡Լе˵
ڰɫһƬ죬ȴΪڸ߿ЩӦȫûϵʱһԹžԴҲ²ʲôĶ
Ȼ
˵Ҫ죬ƶԼ뷨
ԹȻڸ߿¡

û˵˭ڸ߿µģû뵽Լĵһοܾͻڸ߿ϡ
뵽һ㣬ﾹȻЩ˷
ҪʱģȻǽʶҵȷϲˣ£ǱʾҲϲҡȻˣΪβԷһ᣿
ͨһ󣬰˾ϣݺһͷԣ㿪ʼ°ɣûµġ
˵ţֱӱ۾һξߢ̬
ֻȴһͷԴ᲻㣿ȥʱ᲻㣿ǧҪŪҰ⻹ǵһΡ
ãȻͬˣҾȰˡЩȲڰĶ
Ƿ֣§ֱ֣ɿ
Ҫʼ·𣿻ҿռָ·Ȼ͇ˡǧҪ㰡˼ۡ۾ıţﲻͣ߶
ţô֣ѵڴҵ𣿻ƽʱҲжȽ㻹ʱԿ϶ġ
ԣԺһҪҺõ㣬ԲܹҡҼȻϲ㣬Ը彻㣬Ժֻһأ˿ġ
ԣôڿֱӰ·ѵǿøʱ㻹
ԡô֣

˽ʮӣ̲ס۾
һ̣ƫͷȥϥԱߣɢŨŨԪʱͽ״̬ʱɫʱǵͨ졣
ԣ쵰ҪʬΡ
뵽Լղŵı֣޲ҸطȥԺ󡭡Ժһҡ
վ۾㶯ɱľȻˡ
޲һ߹ȥֱӰѳԴȥˤǣԽͷ֮ޡ
ùҸոϰ죬Ǹͬڸ߿£㵹ã˵ǰԭˡ
ضųԣɱˣʱò
ҡҾȻӦ£ߡԺҲӦˣ
Ͼŭ
֪˴ȻûɹؽԣϣѾԼ˳Եˡ
ո˵ҼȻϲ㣬Ը彻㣬Ժֻһأ˿ġ
ףϵϢȻôǿ찡ľȻﵽ˰˽׺ʦҿϾҪͻˡ
ûãȫȶȻٶ򳽻ʱȴǾط֣ϵľǰǿһȽס
⡭Ź˲ʮӰ
䡭
һ̣ϵľͬբŵĺ¡һ죬ֱ˽۷ʦ
ңɰ˽۷ʦľΪʵ˿ûиոͻƵ鸡ȶ
ͺͻƵ˽۷ʦʱߣʱͻƵŽʦ
ݡ
ﵽ˰˽۷ʦ󣬳Եͫ׶ȻһεľͬһֱͫӴգжʱһ·˺һӡ

³һǽеоȫˡ
ݹȻһݾȻܹҵľ߽۷ʦͻƵ˽۷ʦֻһٶͻƣΪŽʦѪҲ߳ߣʱʩչ¾¾һ״ʦᵱնɱؼǣҵľǿô࣬ȫʩչ¾
վо˸ϲ֮ɫ
ԣͻƵ˽۷ʦˣվ̲סеʵ
Цŵ˵ͷǰھХħߵĶѨôࡣ
ʵϣٻЩźݵ΢ЩһͻƵŽʦ
ܹͻƵ˽۷ʦһȽףԻ൱ġ


272 ذ
ۡҪҪһһȽף߽۷ʦͻƵ˽ʦŻҪҪ˻ˣ˽ʮ꣬ķ˼ԴҲſͻƵŽʦ
ȷʱ
۾ȴǸˣԼͻƻҪˡ
Բ϶˵ȥٶͨ˵òһֱ൱̬
ҡҡͷʵǰҰһæֲ˵ˣԸԭ𣿡

˵£նʱӿһĨŭ
ʱ֮˵ó԰һæΪ˻⣬󳽻˵á¡ȴһֱӰµľ
뵽Ȼ׼ȴֳһεľ档
ڳԲ֪Ȼڸ֪κͳ˵

Ȼ֪ȻôŹԲһʱ仹볽Լƽϣһʱޱŭһ˵ҸҪ㣿Ͳ㣡ո㲻ǼҪԼ찡ԣ

ȫͷԡ
ʲôʲô
ոԼȷеҪ˽ʦѵҲˣ
ոҵȷеҪԲû㣬ͱˡ
ŮˣҲû취ⰢҲԼһˣûҪһŮӼƽϡ
ˣով͵ʲôûҪǰذǣؼ塣˻֣ʾٽղŵ顣
ھͷذ𣿡Ŀ΢΢һ
ذǾ̳һǳأ˵̳ǵŻھǰذǣҲֱӽ̳ǵ׼
ʮʱȥѩǿ϶ô͸֪޴ԺûԵͷãھǰذǡ
ذǾ볽Դʱڵطǧ룬ѪɹȫٷУҲҪһʱܸϵ
ֱӴӦϲﵽذǣǧ·ʱɵ죬Ȼһ˻ĵġ
ԿЦŵͷҲûʲô£Ҿɡ
ԴýһСʱʱ䣬úһԪΪȡܹһСʱȡͻơ
ǵһʱԼæµûϢһ£ʱúϢһ
ϾһСʱʱ䲢࣬ԪͻƣҲܴ
ȵذǣҸ֮һԪΪֱ뾫ͬȽ׵ĲΡ
£Ҳǳ˺Ͱ̸˵أرǶ̳ԼǬԪԸѯ˲⡣
ǳӵܣǬԪ̳ǶΪ˽⣬ϸظԽš

ӴĲվޣҳ÷ǳ˽̳ǺǬԪľ
ڳҲû̫˽⣬ֻ˳ѯʡ
ֻУһСʱʱܿȥ
ǰʮأذˣͣ°ɣȻ˿Ѫɹֿ϶һЩûҪ鷳ǰǧҪʮϰٱذǣЦ˵Ѫɹ֣ʾء
Ѫɹغ󣬳Խ֮ջطռ䣬밢ǰذȥ
ԣ͵֪ʱȷѩӶŵӦǡų˵
ԵͷЦ˵ʵû취˵ȥҲûʲôģҲһ鷳
ԣҵʲôˣͣ½ŲŭصųԣԺ˵ҿɾҪˡ
ȥԺ˵˾ǡͷ
ȥΪˣʵԸΪǿŮӣҲȥ
⻹ࡣ
ͷ߰ԴذȥذǿвٺĵطรҼ˺Ҵú档
ð
ԸϰȴţʱѩӦҲϵˡ
ܿ죬ذǵĳţڳԵС
ѾܹܵذڴϢǳӿ̳ǵŻ˲֪˵ӿڶĳǳأȻҲǽ̳ǡ
߽ţԱǿǰѹѹһƬӰò֡
·ԣһŸߴĽָ¥̻ᡢ̡¥һ۶ͷ
䷱̶ȣǧǵİٱֹ

ԽһۣջĿ⡣
ݴ½Ϊݣȷ̶ǰƧ
ԣʱ仹üԭԤڵҪ˴ʱ䣬ҪҪȴذǣųʵ
ҡҡͷˣֱǰҰɡ
ȻѾذǣҲҸĵطʼչأΪһȥͬʱҲȴҽ쾧Ƴ
ðɡҴذƽ֣ҲﷶΧҲвٺĵطȻȥ棬ȴʶʶ·˵ţǰȸԾȥ
Цһȥ
Ǿһ¥֮ʱ¥һĵطͻȻ̽һԴÿ˰òϲ
ǲǰ𣿿졭ȥ¥Сү˵ﷵ̳ˡ
ȻǰҪϸүү֪Ϣţе㲻ԡôһеģѵǾǷѩӶŵų
һӰڴߣĳԣɵþǿԵò󣬶ʱҡͷԣҼ˾ԲǷҲǷѩӶŵκһԱҲҵˡ
ʲôǷѩӶҲҵˣȻҽӴСӾȥ֪ͨСүھȥǸСӣúýѵһ١
˵ţһ˾ҪֱӴӴȥȲҪȥѵҿĳԡ
Ƿ¥ȥһӰ쵽˷¥⣬Сү㣬ǵСүԼܵĳͷһæסŭ˵
¥סˣҸոȫ̫ŭˣȥѵǸСӣûסңܶûˡˣȥˣȥ֪ͨСүЩµ˵ٶȳһ¥ȥ
ֻѾɱ⡣
ΪԣոΪλ嶯زӴֱȥ
ոȥˣӰ쵽˷¥⣬ǵȴľٲû˿ԾȵҲû˻
ذΰϸ𣿡ڰԣĿת£ͻȻʵ
֪ΪλͻȻһʣǿڴذ̳ǵŻΰȻ൱ϸرٳѡϾҪʼذǵԽԽ࣬ΰ͸ϸˡ
ô˵ذǳھͲɱ𣿡üͷʵ
ͷȻذп϶ǲɱ˵ģһĳԻϲ顣
ǹϸġ
ذӣŴСӶţļ壬ڼᷢһЩף򶷣ˡ


273 ɱ
Ц˵ΪذһǱһìܣ˫Զ֣˼޹Ҫڳϵ֮ǰìܣ뿪ֳȻһץԻϳͲ
ȻǱ򣿡
һҲˣոմұҵˣҲϣǲҪңȻĻҲֻǱȶˡ
ţȻô׷ˣ
ڳͷո֮ʣǸܵһӰٳӽ
ţ˲ֹҲһֱɱңذƺûе˭ɱذǸû֪ѵذ
Ȼɻ󣬵Ҳǵһʱת
ϣʹҹͷ϶ˡСӣԩ޳ΪҪңȾٶҪأҪһ͡ڳԸתǸӰͻȻ£ȥؿڴܵһҵײͷܴ
СӣҸ㣬ҿǱԷҵˣҪ֪ͨС㣬СүϾҪȥ棬û뵽ŸտС͹ңû㡣ҲҪһɣǱԷҿɲô۸ġ
Թߵָųԡ
ӵĻΧ˶ʱվԱ߹ۿֻǣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ȴһ˿֮ɫ
û뵽СӾȻ˱ԷҵˣذǿΪԵļ壬治֪ĵӣȻҵˣǷҵһͨ˵İ
ٺ١СҵˣҲ϶ΪͰСߵýˣ˷֣ҵ鷳ء
ԷҵСүϲС㣬û뵽ȻġСҪùˣ¾ǰ鶼ûá
ҪֻܹԼ˭ӽģȻƯɲ˿ϵġ

Χ˵Ŀʱת꣬Ҫڣȴȿˣգָһף㵱һϵ𣿶Ҹ㣬һξǳԹˣ㶼ѵҵĺѣҵĹͣѲɻҪһҵǸǷǱԷİ͵ǶԷҲ𣿡
С㡭ôᡭ
˶ȻڰǰҰȥӽ쿪ʼҷҵˡ
ʱȺͻȻһǼǱߵȺԶֿһӭһʮӡ
һϮʤѩһֳ֮С
ֻһ֣ԱǷ֣Է򰢽Ŀ⣬һĨ֮⡣
ȻһԼˡ
Ӧ˵һΪԼˡ
ΪΪصúܺõĶڳǰһѹ·Ůˡ
ˡ
귽Ծһ켣Ļȴ赭дһ㣬˵֮󣬱Ǿֱ򰢽ŨŨĸ֮ɫ
ָо밢ֱһٶʤϲá
׽ûʱ˷ѡǸڵˣ㻹Ǽȥķ¥ֻȥɡ
мƳһ꣬ʶ𳽻Ե֣Ⱥȥ˵һ仰Ҷöģڻ뿪ɡ
뿪𣿡
εؿһ۰Լ֡
Сӣ㾹Ȼᱡֱھɱ
򿴵ȻųԵ֣˸ƺΪܵӣĶʱܵ˼ΪصĴ
׷˰ʱ䣬ʼգûһɫⱾЩЩͷҸᰵ֡
ǰڷ¥Ѿǣְж
Ȼ벻ǣȻˣȴǻһˡ
ŵģǰȻ棬Ǹǣ֣
׷˰ʱ䣬һûõİӣһ־ðǣˣ
޷ԭµģ
ˣһ־ûκαŽ۷ʦİԪȭͷ£ͬˮ򳽻ԡ
ɱң
ԻȻתĿֱŷ
ҶҷϵŮˣɱΡһûκͣԸٶȳųԹȥ
һԪΪ߽۷ʦһ֮¾ֻбɱĿܡ
һˡ
ǰ߽۷ʦοһŽ۷ʦȫһҪ־͹Լ֪ôȫѰ·
ȻɱңȥɡһҲʲôֻƽƽسŷһȭ
ȭͷ֮ϣûκѹɢͺͨ˴һȭ
ԣɱ
Գ֣һԵİæһ
üͷ΢壬ǵ˵ͷ
ӰĿѾ֪ǰݷͬһ㣬ֱɱˣ²ԼС鷳Ҳᱻܵǣ
㲻ɱ㣬ҲҪúýѵһ
һˣԽȭͷеɣȭֱ˷ȭͷ֮ϡ
飡
ꡭ
˫ȭһɿֲʱܴĽһЩҲǱˡ
ͬʱģһͷѵ

ţԷĿУһҵʹҵ֡ҵֱϵˡСӣ㾹ȻҴҡˣذûܹ͵㣡
ôܣþŽ۷ʦȻһС߽۷ʦˣôģ
̫ǿˣոһȭȻûκλΣΪͨһȭһȭ̺ܣԲѰľŽ۷ʦܿ⡣
˽ʲô߽۷ʦʵһ˲õǣΪҴû˵ˡ
ϧˣȻţ˷϶ˣҵ˲ܻŹġ
Χ˼һĻʱһˣ򳽻ԵĿⶼǳ֮ɫ
ԵƳһ۷򣬲ûȥ֮˵ʲô
˵ûκвԡ
ȻһҵķңҲûҪȥ롣
ĲŹҲô۸ġ
㲻õķңŪ쾧ҵǷҸҶԸĻҾԲԹ۵ġҶҶñ˺㡣
Ļֱһų˵
ȻҪұ³ԣ
˵ЩˣڻȸҰɡ
ҡҡͷϾȥ
ȻԲڷ˷̫ʱ䡣
á
ԵĻûκԥصͷӦȥԵüΪ
ţ
ȻʱȴͻȻܵһ쳣ǿҵΣ
ΣѾصв
ɱң
Ժиֳһͷһ̣ĿⶸȻԶȺΪߵȺУᵽһ˿޵ɱ


274 սյս
ѵҵĴܡҵĸ֪ûг󣡡
ݡ
ʱӳԵ࣬һƽƽ㳦Ȼ֣㳦֮ûκԪȴһٶȣ˳Եʺ
㹥ֶΣѰ߾޷һʱǲǱ㳦ѾҪǵҪ
ɱ֣
ȻûиܵκεԪɲǼ䣬ѾᵽΣԺηֱһתûκԥģ齣Ȼ̳
¾
һ̣Բ˿ֱʩչǿС
ˣ
ڳԶ棬һ࿴ȥΪͨӣԵһʱͫ׶ʱرǵᵽ齣̺֮ĿֲܣоԼһ״ʦľ磬·ѵļ
ôܣսǲſȾŽ۷ʦ𣿳Ǵʦ֮޵УΪҸоֻҪһ̹һᱻɱҿõһ״ʦ
з·˾캧ˣΪɱֵǵһʱ䱣侲
ˣ
ûκԥǰֱֹ£Ըٶȳź󷽵ˡ
ӣûôף
һͬǼӿٶȡ
ɱ
Ŀɱһе㳦ֱͶЯŴյٶȼףգۼǰۿžҪԵ嵱
ʱ޷ὣ񵲣Ϊѡ
ʲô
ɫޱ䣬ûϵӾȻһУԼıɰʹãһʹõ죬ǶԼв
ݡ

ʱ̣ûκԥеľɲǼ仯һϸ㳦ƫ
ԼҲյǿŲԼ壬ȻȲǺܴ󣬵ȴ㿪һ͵Ϯ
͡
һ̣ԵͻȻһ졣
һæͷȥվǰʱ˿ܿ죬ͿվڲԶķһ벻ʵسź浹ȥ
ˣ򱻳ɱˡ
һĻ˶ʱԣͫҲһ¡
ܷ򾡹ܲɱģѲ˹ϵʱұȻǻ׷ͷϡ
ҡذҲѰ
ֱͷĿѾ˵ʮӣǰɱˣߡ
δ£Եڵʯ֮䣬٣̾Ĵ󣬾һ״ʦҲ磬ʮ׵ľ룬˲䴩

һ̣¾ϢٶӶԪޱȾҵزͬһ㣬ڳԵĿ£齣Ľ֮ϻ۶ȥǸ°ٶȣֱֱնӡ
ʲôٶȾȻô죿⡭ôܣ̺ܶԿİ
Ӳ齣̲صĿֲܣиûһ˿ĵֵ֮ģһ۷ʦɹɱǰĳԣȴǸһֱһ۷ʦҪµĸо
ߣȻɱûôףʧ˵òѪޡ´μ棬ұȡ
ӻ£ǰȻһѪɫӰӣκᵵں󣬲ѪɫӰӣڳֱֺŭһų˶ȥ
ޣԣͷѾˡѵѪŵˣ
һͷѪɫһƷޣɲǼ䣬ȷͷѾҲµӵݡ

ûκԥ齣ŭն£Я޾Ŀֱֲӽͷһ״ʦޣնΡ
ʱӣյѾӳ˳׵ľ룬һʱ޷׷ϡ
ʵ̫ǿˣû뵽Ҷ޷ɹɱֻö״ʦɱˡ֪Ѫڴɱ϶Ӵˣ˵
ӳ˰׾ȷԼȫ˼ͬʱҲ׼Ըٶȣ
Ѫŵذɱ˻ߣ浱ӿ𣿡
ȻҪ֮ʱͻȻǰȻһȡ
һ㳬ߣ׳˶ɢſƵӣֳһİ師ͬһսĳǰ
¡¡
һ̣ӱǼԷӴԱʮֹٶȣͬһٱ۵гײ
ͬʱһǿϢֱӽѲˡ

һĻӾֵصɴ۾Ǿ
͡
һ˲䣬һ޴İ師·ɽ֮ƣֱӽء
볽նɱѪ޵Ķ̬˵һģһ
Ȼ֮ȴ൱ԡ
߲ơٶȡɱ棬ԶԶ˳ԣȫһϡ
˵ĳ֣˵һʱϳݣ϶ʱӿֳޱȵľ
찡ȻǷսҰѹܹɵһɱһ״ʦ
սҰǷսҰӿһʵǰʮķսҰҲΪսԡսաλôذǣѵûбչ׼Ӧʮİٳѡ𣿡
˵սҰÿγ֣սһ֣ܶʵǿֻҪ˳۵ģͻֱս֪Ҫս˭
ٳѡϾҪʼˣһΪᰲһʱ䣬û뵽ˣ֪˭Ҫù˶֡޷սʤԷǻսֱսʤΪֹ
ǰ̳ǻɵţɵʵǲذԷκһңսʱ˭ض֣˵˶ֵˣǵ˰˱ӵù
սҰȴǲЩ˵ۣȫûǾֱųȥС˵ʵڱǻҪǿ߽ʦΪһ״ʦ֮¼޵СǰһЩţոտ¶һ֣ȫˣʵ˵ĻҪǿö࣬Ѱһ״ʦ֡ãЩһȫչ׼ٳѡȥˣزУҴһô
Ҵһô
սҰ仰һ˵ʱͬһʯӶˮ棬޴
սҰȻսԵˣôܡǸԵΪ߽ʦսҰһ۷ʦΪһӿһǰʮĸ֡
ӿһǰʮ֣ûһǼ򵥵ģսҰȻһ۷ʦ˵״ʦɱ״ʦܹһԸոձֳսȻƥһ״ʦսҰĲҲ൱ܹ⣿
ˣսҰֱǷˣȻսɳգϵս·֣ս˶Ǵʦİû뵽һ߽ʦսԺҪԶˣһҳĿ͵ùˡ
򳽻ԵĿⲻɵȻûͷսҰ֣ҲսҰ˵սǿһʮսգһսȫ֣ʵģȻǰ˵˲ȫֻ֣һˣԲб


275 ʮ֮ս
ˣ౻սʵģ󼸺ᱻˡ
սҰڵΪ㻹ԶôĶ֡ѵ˼۸һΪģҪսԣ㲻սҺˣͬ۸ò˼۸һŮ
һսҰҪսԣæԵ
Բ֪սҰս֪ǳԽ˷սҰս϶ˡ
սҰüͷһ̲ס򳽻ԵӴԣʲôʱҵСѾͷѵˣӿһý˶ǰС׷֮ûʣΪ֪򲻹һС󣬲׷õͻȻѰ׷ˣǿ϶Թۣ˵ֱ鷳Ժɵע˰ȻŲӿһǰʮҲ̫ࡣ
սҰ˵ʲôҺͳֻͨѹϵ
սҰһͳԵ£ʱǰ볽ڸ߿е龰նʱͨ
˻Ʊ磬ˣҺͳԵǸǣҳ鷳Ļһﳽԣñ˺ĳԵġţ
սҰٺٵЦţȥһɵ˵ȴһ㶼ʵ
Ŀת򳽻ԣԣô˵ҸոҲһ鷳ɣѵӶģ֪ʵΣǳȫҲǿѰһ״ʦҸֻֻʮУʮܻ㣬Ǿ͵Ϊֹ㿴ô
Сһ㽻ˣ϶ֹʮС
ҷսҰ˵
ƭˣǰ˵սҿɿ٣û
ҡ
սҰ˫üǰ֮Զ˼ȫΪֱֳʵõҵӣӦøе
˵
ѾͷƬӡ
֣ȻִҪսҡսҰҪ˵ЩʲôȴǿڵǾսپɡ
սҰһʱϲ㡭ͬˣ
Цһ΢΢ͷܵõӿһǰʮֵսҳԵңܾ
ԣ㲻Ը˵ġʱ
ʼִһǿ϶װֵģʱȣǸϽȥҰɡ
ǡ
ڸûй˱Եĳⳡԣв˿
Ըս뵽ذǣܵѪŵĴɱѪ˼еҪɱ϶ǲɳĿռ䣬һ΢ֳǿʵ֪´ѪŻɳεɱ֡
СӹȻûˣСӣ㹻ˬģǰսЩˬˡѾͷͷİɣ˵ֻͳԲ˺ĳԡǼ󲻾ڸ𣿿ȥɡսҰЦ˵
Ļ
˵ʲôĳԡĸ֣һɱͣٷԡ
ȻĿһսҰԵ˻϶ˣӿ˾ǵ飬˱˻ҶᣬԿɲһԲֺ
ʱȭԣˣ⡭
ҲܣѳԴˣҾ͸˵۸ҡ
𣿡
ʲôѾͷҿû۸㡭
㻹ң֪۸ҵĻӦ֪ǶôءȻӿһеʮǿߣȴеڶҪʰ㣬ֻҪСҽ˵ڰǰΪʰĻֻҪһС
˵ţ⳯ŷսҰָͷ
⻰սҰʱΡ
𣬺һĺսɳգ˫ʵȴǲ˲ֹһ
Ҫ
˵Ĵ󲿷ֶԼԪ棬ԾģͣھŽ۷ʦ궼δͻƵʦֱʹ񵤲ŵþͻƵһ״ʦ
˵˵ʱ񵤣ֻһžͳɹͻƵһ״ʦˣӦûһ񵤰ɣšֻҪ㽫񵤸ңҾǿӦ㣬ֻҪû˺ԣƲأҾͲ򡣡
ô֪һһ񵤣
ô֪ģֻҪǸǲ
ôڵľŸոͻƵŽʦҲǺܴ󣬲һͻƵʦ
սҰ΢΢һЦĿ򳽻ԣû´ĻҪ񵤣ӦΪ˳ְɣھѾ˰˽۷ʦٽͻƣ񵤵İ˵ͻƵŽʦһٽ׵Žʦпܡ
ԣԲɵ˰û뵽սҰҪ񵤣ȻΪԼ
㡭ô֪
ԵĿ⣬ղһ죬һҧǿװ򶨣㵽׸ҡ
Ȼ
սҰЦһһɫƿʱУ֣㻹ǿ°ɣȻѾͷҪˡ
֣ܵãνӲ
ֲضԣȻأڴʦѾЧò󣬲ȻҲᱣˡ˿Ϊϵİνشͱٸˣ͵ұһıɡȻԺԣҿǻǰ˵òġ
սҰЦ˵ֱӽƿ볽Եϡ
񵤡
Կһϵƿ뵽񵤿԰ԼٶһΣǳһѣȻˣǷֵ飬Ҿͳˡ
սҰ˰֣ȻϣѾͷҿԺͳԿʼ˰ɣ
ţˡ
˵ͷųԵԣսСĵ㣬һߣս൱ԵҪսĳС
ͣͣͣѾͷ˵ȥɾͰҵĵȫ¶ˡ
ҡսӿ˭֪
΢΢һЦɵõս֪ˣҲû취ԤİɣҲ˵ġȥɡ
ðɡ
ͣӦǰϣ·
֣һˣ㡭
սҰȻȥһͬһٱ۵ڵŰָĽֵȥ
սҰҲ̫۸ˡ
Ҵȥ
ųԻ£Ȼס˰ϸŲ棬ɻǰ㳯ǰ漲۶ȥգۼ䣬͸һ̵ķսҰ
סٶȵǲսҰ״¶ݣæٶȱȷſɡ
ֻǡ
սһμԵʼպš
·սҰȫҲʼ޷˫
Ͽȥݲֲ٣սҰзǳٶѾԽˣӳ׵ؾ͸ƺûöܿһ㡣ҴʱԿɲһˣһ
ԣǰˡ
ûãָǰһߴ¥˵¶һ˿ϾսҰȫ֮£ȻҲܽĳԸ˦


276 岻ܰ
뵽ǵı֣Ҳ̲סЩ졣
֣ҺıԣԲ򵥰սҰڴشЦһȥ
Ҳȥɡ
ɿһ˽ȥ
С㡭
˸ߵ¥ſڣһŴʦΪ꣬ʹżӭ
Ԭִ£㽫¥еȫȥλҪͷսҰУǹеĳҲ˿˵
Ԭִ¾ؿһ۰Եĳԣļһȥ˵ȣʣµ˽С롭
ص˵ͷźͳһ߽¥ڷսҰѾǵһ˶Ҳ֪һЩȻʲô
ûӣеˣȫ˳ȥеŴȫһЩԱҲʱԵؽ˳ȥ
û೤ʱ䣬ڲʣ˳ԡͷսҰˡ
ԣСЩ
š
Ե˵ͷŷսҰ֣룡
Ȼˬ졣ֻ֧ܲʮС
ôãսҰҲЩͷеľ޴師һᣬͬһɽڳǰͬʱɢǿҵϢһǿѹȸС
սҰϿȥ֣սʶȴǿÿ£δ֣Է汻Ƹסˣʵֱɣʱ־׶༪١
ͷ齣ȻʣĽȻսҰƸ飬սҰš
ȻеֶΣѹֽ˶޲ڡɵСˡ
¡
սҰһ䣬ǰľ޴師һСɽ㳯Ļٶ֮죬ֱͬǣҵƷ졣
һսҰȻʹҲԲκһѰһ״ʦܹ濹ġ
ô
һĻԲû˿ţзǱŷһǿʢս⡣
ӿǰʮǿߣҲһԼԷжĲࡣ
ݡ
齣
һ̣Բ˷齣գ˵â齣Ľ֮мγһƬεķӰԸٶսҰ
ţ
սҰһԵĲ˷Ѿǳϣ˿ʩչ˿ٵعʼδ

֮£սҰֻܹǽ師أ齣Ľâֵס
ݡ
Ȼյֵס齣һΪĽȻƿնʯ㴩師ļͷ
ô죿
սҰһһУΪȻᵽŨŨΣϢ
͡
ûκԥսҰϵԪһӿԭɫ̬Ԫ˲ʵʰľ壬
ĽڷսҰϣʱһ죬ҪԪȥ
ȻʦʵʻԪڵʵȻ޷ơ
һʼҾΪ㲻򵥣û뵽һǵ͹ˡսҰһԼļͷ΢΢𶯡
ΪͷʵʻԪȻЩѺۡ
ȻԵĹ΢ǿЩԽķȥ
ǺǣѾˣʣУֿɵüӰѾҽ֧ȥˡЦһ
ǾͿεֵҵĹˡ
սҰһЦսӿֳʵѾ¡

£սҰζȻӴ˿ӰٶȣĳƸһεѹȸС
ͬһʱ䣬еİ師ҲǻЯżԻƿռܣ򳽻ԡ
һĻֱòԶİСޱ䣬ޱȡ
ٶȡʩչݣҲȰ
ϸֳ֮ɫ˿ûΪողƿսҰķӶԷ
ݡ
һ̣磬һ̤˲㿪˷սҰİ師
師߻ʱŰ師̺ӴܣвɵúȻսҰȻһߣֻʩչһԻһһ۷ʦķˡ
ôɾ㿪ҵĹٺ٣㳢ġսҰʩչЦһ師̲֮صܣʱһ׹⣬򳽻Ե塣
㹥ȻǺܾ޴󣬵ٶ죬Ҹ㣬һʱ޷ܡ
Ĺƾ˲ҡ
˵֮䣬ԵϣһޱȵϢȻɢͬ棬еˮּ˲䱻
Ե壬ҲɲǼͨޱȣ顣

׹ڳԵϣȴͬɶ˻˲ɢ
㡭Ҳߣ
һĻսҰʱŴ͡
սҰȻԵţͬʱ֪ƾ߽ʦΪʦ޵У֪ԾȻһߡ
ҴǰԲһߣһ幦һľ硣
һ㣬ǴƾֵԼĹͿԿ
ЦһôǣƺҲ𣿽Ҳʶһ
١ȻǶߣӦҲ֪ͬŵȵġ
սҰ˵ǰΪ壬ǳ˲ٿͷһʱоȡео֮壬һϳ˹ȻڲſС֮׹ȻԿѰĶ״ʦȻʶǽǱΣ
á
Գһûȥܾ

£ֱӳ򳽻ԣȭȻӳһɽ֮ʱںХͬ籩ϯ򳽻ԡ
ȭͷ֮ϣԸܵһĪسظС
Ǹоͺһ
һУԼټӲҲᱻ˲ҳɷ顣
Ӳ
ǵһʱ䣬ðͷ
ս
ųԼķսҰȴӲؽȴͷѹסȥбŷһǿʢս⡣
սѡ
˿̡
ȻһߣҶһ˽٣ͽӴҵĻơʱܹһߵǿܷŹûᡣ
ڴˣԶȻŷսҰӭȥ

ױ壬˲䱻ʩչ£ɢǰδеȣͬһŻսҰ
úá
սҰΪԻܣ˿̼Բδܣɵôһϲ֮⡣
飡
˵ȭͷʱһûпֲû̫ԪϢֻǵشһƵ졣
ͷ·޴ײ
ŵŵŵš
˵ȭͷһԵǷ·һ޷ܵľ޴ţ̲ס΢΢
ڣȻǿ󣬵δǿ˲˳Եĳ̶ȡ
κڼ䣬Ȼǽȫжȥ
СܣӲһȭ岻ܰɣ
սҰЦ˵
ȴһ˿죬ղһȭȻֻҲκһʦܹ濹ġ


277 ֮
󣬳ȴֵˣȻεಽսҰһ۾ͿˣӲһȭûκơ
һɿԵǿȣٴﵽ˰˽۷ʦŽʦһ㡣
ԵȷûﵽŽʦ˽ʦδﵽ߽۷ʦĲΡʹûʯʹǣټǴױ壬ȼȻ߽۷ʦȻԱѰľŽʦǿˡ
ȷǺܺܣ幦¶òǺܴˡȻȫ
ЦһڸոӲ˷սҰһȭڷսҰ׹Ѿһ˽⡣
սҰһȭ̲صĽ֮Ȼǿʩչױ£ȴǼԽǹɽ֮ٻ١
֮˵Ϊͳǿһ̶ȣԪ޷֮ȡ
Ѱû뼳ȡ֮ȡ
˿˵ֻҪûһϣżǿߣֻҪʩչױ壬ȫѹԷ
ȻǰǶԷΪȳǿ̫ࡣ
ĻԷȫ˲ԡ
ױ塷ǷҵĹȻ³ˣЧãԲκһϳ˹ȫʩչǿȫѷɫκһŽʦֱһ״ʦˡڴױ壬һΪ˽⡣
ʱʩչױ壬ȻǴﵽ˴֮޷ŴǲԪ뾫ױ壬ԶаջɱһŽ۷ʦ
ҵ幦ЧЦھ㿴ǲЧ
սҰȻǲųԵĻԵĻֱһƲ죬ɢΪǿҵý֮֮ӿȭͷĽɫâ򳽻ԡ
һȭٶȻ𷽲ŶҪɲֹ
Ȼֻܳ£սҰѾ׹ʩչ˼¡
ݡ
һΣԲûȥֵһ뾫ͬʱ߶㿪˷սҰĹ
սҰƶٶ빥ٶȻΪ٣ڽ뾫ʩչµ£Ȼܹ
ڲſʼ𣿳СܣҵĹٶȺСΧƶٶȣɲܶÿģɵõˡ
սҰΪ⣬ӶԸٶȹ򳽻ԡ
սҰ忴ȥߴأƶٶȼֱǱһ۷ʦҪϼΡ
нп࣬ѡ˶
ȻҪ÷սҰĥʯԼ˽ߣ֮ʵʵǲ̫࣬սҰӲˡ
սҰӦֻʩչʵģٶûѹƣ˵ˡ
ԱսҰѹסæ
顭
սҰųԶ֮ʣٶȶȻٶһɣ˸ŽâȭͷԳԵļͷ
ӣֲǿԵٶѾ˶ˣһѹٶȣô򰡣ʱҸܵˡ
սҰᰢֱų˵ٶȻ죬һԣҵĹͶ㲻ôڸоΣǲǸоҪһ
˦һֱۣЦŵ۵ûУղƺСЩҰĦء
ŷսҰȭͷԼһ˲䣬һ˿âǵʯĳ˳Եļ򣬷սҰҲΪһ㣬Ϊһȭ֮£ֱۿ϶Ƿǳ
ȴ֪һ˲䣬Ѿʩչױ壬ɲǼ佫֮ٻ٣ûܵ˿ˡ
ʲô㡭ûˣ
һĻսҰʱŴͣʶľΪԼղһȭǲǴƫˣûдгԡ
ղĵȷȷǸܵˣԼгˣҽ֮Ҳ˳Եֱۡ
һȭȻûϣһһ״ʦԵֵܹס
˵ʲôĦ
ԣ˵⻰ҿɾе㲻ˣ˻ӲţҲǸС˺ѵ㲻֪𣿡սҰ˵
ʼѵҳϲǿ˵ѵŵĻɼԣһ֧Ŷá
áȻˣҾͿ˵Ļ滹Ǽ١
սҰӦһ֮ǣس򳽻ԣȭͷ֮ϣӿŴĿĽâ
ݡ
ԷսҰķ񹥻ΨвͣͲֵ
죬սҰĹٶҲ֮ӿ죬ÿεĹԴС鷳
ڣתױ£Եûгһ˿ơ
ǶѰһ״ʦ˵Ϊ鷳Ľ֮˲˳˿
ң⼸֮£Զߵ˽⣬Ѿ롣
˵ⳡԵĿģѾﵽˡ
֣ѾǵйȥˣǻܻңǵıԿɾҪˡԶսҰһƮˣЦ˵
Ѿ𣿡
սҰʱŻȻعγѵĸойȥҾȻ޷㣬Ϊ幦֮Ҳ˲˿
˵սҰϲɵøֳһ˿ɬ
ԭΪ볽Զֶֻܻ½ǣڿֻʩչ£κβ˳ԡ
ԭȻĳԻˣʱԲûˣսҰ֮ãε϶ʱӿֳϲ֮ɫ˳ԣӦûɣޡʲôأ
֣һֱֻʩչ˵ʮУһжԻҡ
齣һᣬķâɢ˸ȵս⣬ԣУ㻹ǳȫɡ
ԡ
Ҫǰ˵ʲôʱԺͻȻ볽һʱ飬Ųɵͣ˸˿˿ɫʣ˵ܴ漣߽ʦΪսҰȻսҾҪʼ
ȫ
սҰͫҲ˲Ŵ󣬳˲ţʱս߳ڼ䣬Լչȫ
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴʱɶԷȫ
ȱֱҪĳ嶯
뵽˵Ĺϵסĵĳ嶯
ԣҴӦ˰ֻʹȻԵֵҵһҳȫȻˡ⡭뿴ġ
Ϊ⣬볽ԽӴⲻʮʱڳѾЩͣѿ˺
ЩмҡͷİɣȻҽսȻ׼ң֮ǰûҪֻʹȻսԣȫɣҼʶһӿһǰʮ֮䣬׻жĲࡣ
ȷҳȫ
ְɡ

սҰһ⣬Ҳ˲üᶨԣս󣬲ܽΣ㶼ҷսҰֵˡһȫ߶ҵ幦㵱ˡ
ϣֲϢȻӷսҰڱ֮ͬһɷ籩ϯ򳽻ԣǿҵѹȸУҪóϢ


278 齣ڶ
ʱ˿̣վڷսҰǰͬеһҶۣȥʱбĿܡ
ӿһǰʮֵʵ𣿹ȻǿҳԿɲ䡣
Ե˫֮ͫУսңȼգһޱĽɢ
壬һҲ·һĽâǰϺХ
ݡ
սҰѹκһѰһ״ʦƣһԵϣʱɢ
ָоͺƱһкն
á
սҰ״жԳԵĶλɵøһ֣䣬ԵͬȽ׵ĸֶԴ
¡
һ˲䣬սҰκȻǰ壬Ľ֮ͬƥ㣬Ծ޴師лն£ЯŻյն򳽻ԡ
һսҰû˿ȫȫسȫ幦ܣչֵ˼¡
һ¾Ƕ״ʦҪȫܵ³
նɱ
úá
Կдһױ˲߶£ȫɢżԷٻٿռĳϢͨޱȡ
ڰ羫Ŀ£ȫеԪǾӿ뵽齣Ľ֮ϡ
ͻƵ˽۷ʦٵĵһսһսУû˿
ˡ
ڳҪʩչʱԹעŨԪ齣·ͻȻ΢ز
ֲȻǺԣ齣·Ѫĳԣȴǵһθоˡ
Գڲɭл齣󣬵ڶ
һ齣Ľ޽ˣ齣ڸӦеİħԪʱ
һΪλ
Է·սҰĹУɵĿ˲齣
ˡ
ɲ֮䣬ظӦ뵽齣еԪȻ˲תΪһ
ӦǺʱԵɫʱþ
ԪתΪ⡭
ȫ߼ı仯óԵ˫һʱɴ𺳡
ԣСġ
ʱԶİɣæ
æ̧ͷսҰĹۿžҪ䵽ϡ
Ȼ齣ܹԪתΪұԣת֮ж󡣡齣ޱŵĳԣûκԥֱӸ߾ٳŷսҰݺȥ
û̡ҡ
ͺ˿ŵĲһһ

һĻʱʹ÷սҰͲԶİǵɴ۾սҰҲǳ˲һӹ򣬰師׺ݵ˳ԡ
ͣ
δӽȴɲǼڰһε·ǵбǿҵɢȥ

һ̣˵˲俿ռе·˲侲ֹ
飡
һ˲䣬֮һըըɲͬĿֲ˲䴫
ʱϸӦԿ׵ظӦУûһ˿һԪϢ
һͬĽ֮һȵĻԪϢȫΪ
ݡ
Ե壬·һгײϣͬߵطݳȥ׿⣬һɲǼò԰ޱȣѪۣȥȫ˰㣬ҡҡ׹ƺʱᵹһ㡣
ȴվñֱͬһ۲
飬ǳ˿ϲ˷뼤ȻûԼѪѾܵ𵴣ʱˡ
齣ĵڶãȻԽԪתΪ
ԡ
԰֮ɫĳԣæǰȥסϲ˵뼱Уû°ɣ
˵䣬æȡһ˵ҩҪԵȥ
ֻһЩˣ¡
Խӹҩȴû£һεĶȻЩˣƲǺء
˵䣬ĿսҰЦŵֵʵȻǿᣬڵȫ޷Կ
ֵܣˡ
սҰҲǰȥϴЩǸ⣬Ȼʱ򳽻ԵĿǰȴȫͬ˷ĵϡ
ȻԵѣֵܡ
ԭ򡭡
Ȼǳֳʵ
ԷһظܵɹȣԺɨѰһ״ʦǶ״ʦҲܹһ
ߵǰսҰҲǴͳһŰɫĵҩܵƤˣпŵҩȥòʱͻȫָˡ
ȻڷսҰⳡѾˡ
ڽȴǲУδ֧ŵʮУɷսҰȴҲǳȫ
ҩˣ
ԽսҰĵҩ˹ͬûзãǽŵҩһ뵽ռָС
󣬳ƽӣֱӷսҰֻ֣˰УѵҪⳡ𣿡
ԣԣѾˣټȥֻơҲͬͷսҰԡ
һԵĻɫʱһ䣬ĿǴ㽫һмȥⳡԡ
֣ԺֵĻỹţҿξ˰ɣʵѾˣŴʦǾŽʦʵϱֲˡڡ
սҰҲҡͷ۷״̬ȫһˣοˣ״̬ȫ۷壬ڳܷӳʵ²ȫʢʱڵ߳ɣԿ
Ȼ˵Ȱȴִҡͷ֣ûûڵңҲûһս֮ҿóոһȻȫԲǿֶΡ㲻ʩչǿֶΣܹҿԼӿһǰʮ֮Ĳࣿ
УҽʹõˡʩչУ˵ֱˡ
֣һ»㻹֪
ʲô
ʵҳһ⣬һʦ
սҰɫ˲þ
ԣսɡ
֣˵ʲôһʦһȽԶԪԾĲٿس̶ȴﵽ˿񾳽ľʦ
սҰþûز˵ʱЩǳһɳٶȲľʦʲô
˿̣ǰһտ̸ʱտԳԵһۡ
ҼģΪ͵ţӿϵڶʸ񵱵һ
ʱȫ仰˻տһЦûţڼʶ˳ԿµսʶԼҪֶκΪԵ츳ӿܹŵš
û뵽ȴǣֶε£Ȼһʦ
˻ʦĿ£սҰȴǷǳ
һʦǿǴһֻ޾ӡ
ʦֶЩ޾ӼԱһ
ȻʱҵľֻԪǿһȽףҶԾĿƳ̶ȣȷǴﵽ˿񾳽磬Ѿ˲ٵޡԣֲصңǼδı԰ɡ
ԵЦ˵


279 սҰķâ
ھʦݣԲ
̳źеĵطԾʦȻһЩ˵ĹעԴﲻӵĳ̶ȡ
ңҲ뿴Լڱֳʦƺӿĸ֣жĲࡣ
û뵽һʦޱǾʦһֶΣڱʱʦٻޣҲǲΥġ֣˵ľֻԪǿһףҲǰ˽ʦĲˡƵӦҲԪװƷްɣ֪˶ԪװƷޣҪҪһٻٺúôһһȺԪװƷޣһ۷ʦΪҲӰ
սҰҲһĨ˷֮ɫսȻԻѰĶ״ʦȴսʱҲЩڴܹһȺԪװƷս
ʱͻȻƲƲ˵ԵȷǿһȺԪװƷޣƵУǿĿǴﵽԪ׾Ʒ۷ΣһһͷޣۺʵȫѰһ״ʦй֮еȫٻԻܶ״ʦʵҲֵܹ
Ԫ׾Ʒ۷ޣǱģ
ĻսҰٶӿֳһĨȻ򳽻ԵĿʱˡ
ԵǱޣʵҲͬǿᣬǵ֪һʦʱսҰҲûΪԿԻԼ
Ͼ֮Ľ׼ʵ̫ˡ
һ߽ʦһһ۷ʦۺʵԿ״ʦ
Ȳ࣬һʦݾͿֲ
˿̣ȴ˵ƵУһľŽ۷ޣԼһȺԪװƷޡ
ۺʵѾ濹ˡ
Ҳ˵ƿصѾˡ
ڴˣսҰͻȻе㷢֮ǰһֱãֻҪʩչȫȫû⡣
һԲû濹⣬
֡
ֲضԣȻǾʦҲٻƵľޡսֻʩչ
ôУľҲʵһ֡
˵޲ʵҪ֣㵱ѵĻͶְɣʩչľУ֪֮ŶĲࡣ
⡭
սҰһͷãҿԴӦԣҵľҾͲ˰ɣһʩչ»ƲסӶˣ
⣬ҲףԼȻֳһЩʵҪ÷սҰޱطſЩ
ܹ÷սҰӦԣѾˡ
룡
˵ֱ꣬ǰٶɢһϢȥͲܹʲôơ
ԡ
ţ
Сĵ㡭
ԻͷЦһȭͷԼ͡
ȻûٻޣȻѡųԡ
Լ֪ԼΪҪųԣ֪Եʵǿʩչоһ״ʦܹնɱԺͷսҰ֮Ĳ࣬Ȼ൱ش
ã
Եͷûٶ˵ʲô齣һᣬ˶ʱͬһӿ޵Ľ⡣
֣Ȼʩչҷſֽţû˿ع״ʦҪݱܷâɵõˡ
䡭
ŷսҰ£ǿϢٶȴϱͬʱͬɽųѹֲܣҪԵˡ
ӿһǰʮߵķâһ̳ױ˳
һĻǳԿԿ齣תԪΪԿ״ʦ鶼ǵһʱޱȣֶԿұȻĶ֡ǣȻսѾʼһܣûͣµĿܣ
о齣ܹԪתΪǾأͬһڱԣܷתΪ
¶˾ĺ󣬳ûƬ̳ɣ¾˲䱻ʩչ£˽۷ľ˲ע齣У¾Ĵ߶£ľתΪһΪ⡢һ

ˣ
תжʱϲ֮ɫѾܵ齣еܣѾǰδеǿ

ʱ򣬷սҰĹѾѸ۽
ݣ
ûͣȥ齣Ŀ֮£ȻŷսҰȥ
һ̣ظܵ齣̲صܣսҰĹҪǿɣ
ڿԻܷսҰô
оϲޱȡ
͡
ֻڳΪϱԻܷսҰʱ̲齣еȴͻأޱȱңƾԪ˾ҵĳͻ޷ںϵһ
飡
ߵıУǺܿһ
񱩵Х˵νǱˣرǷսҰ׻ʮಽľ
ֻ˲ĳԣȴǺõöˡ
ΪȻֻϢȴޱҡѹƲסһ㣬ʱ߻ħΣա
ԡ
һĻͷսҰٶȳ˳ԣޱȵǡ
֮ѹ
һһɫĹâ˲ӿڣǿ񱩵Ϣǿѹ
ԣ㡭û°ɣ
ͷսҰһɻųԣոܵʱ߻ħΣա
û¡
ҡҡͷת˼ŷԪתΪʱԼƾתΪһ̣տʼҲתΪɵȴͻȻÿΪΣ
ԡ
ųԣƺˡսҰסҪϳԵİ
򣿡
սҰ̾ҡͷǰԸոչҵֶξԷͬһ㣬ȴǿƵؼΪɬͺǵһʹãҲӦոĹʽ츳
û°ɣͣ˷սҰĻӿԺ֮ɫĵȻǳԵİΣ
սҰİɣʲôµġ
֡
ţ֣ˣ
֮ıԣƺһаɣ̧ͷŷսҰ
սҰƣǵͷȷһУǡ
аɣ
֣ڡ
Ȼ㲻ԸҾ͵ˣ
ݡ
ųԻ£ԭȻվŵ壬Ȼ䱬һǰδеϢһɾǿе齣бֱŷսҰȥ
ûң
ֻһ齣̲صܣȴʹ÷սҰüͷɲǼڳһеУܵһΪļµϢ
Ϣ״ʦֻ״ʦϸܵ
֣ˡ

ٳɣսҰƻȻǣһȥߴͬһˣһּΪֲѹȸС
رְֳ師ʱɢƣһ޼᲻ݵİԵǿᣬܺᵵǰǺһ
ǿƵѹȣ³Ѿ߶£ͬʱת¾ҪȥǿѹĴ


280 ԵĽ
ʩչ¾ԪҲͬɡ
ȻսҰƣ˵ɣⶼЩѶȡ
ѹȣµľϵѹȡ
һ䡣
ݡ
ȷսҰȷȻг֣齣εǰ壬ûǧӰա
ԵΣڴ˿Ҳ绯Ӱգһ׽ĸо
ʱΪ͵˿ȥѰҳԵΣпܻᱻԿסһ˿Ӷס硣
ȻǾʦĿƳ̶ȣȻﵽ˳̶ȡСֶΣɶԸңѾǵһ뾫ʦսˡ
սҰһϵİ師ǱӶһɰԾصƥϢ԰師ɢǽռֱնƣֱնɱĳԡ
͡
һ̣ԱǾط֣ߵ·ܵһ־ҵļѹѹȶ
ѹ֮£ԵɲǼͣһ˲˵Ѩ
һ˲Ĺ򣬷սҰĹѾǼٱƽ
ֶΡ
кȻһ̣ظܵӿһǰʮǿᡣ

ȵľһ̣
нһͷбֳһɫʣ¾˲䱻߶˼¡

ܵԪһʱûԾޱȣͬ㳯ųӿȥ
һ̣Ծͷ·һڶԪ
ͬһʱ䣬ԾеѪƣҲǾҵز
ԪԼ˲ӿ뵽齣УٶתΪһɼ״ʦеļµܣѸٴ齣ɢ
Ȼܿ죬ԱǷ齣еֿ񱩵
״ûκλţеѪһһžǱջ˾磬Ԫ̶ͬȵ߽۷ʦľ齣Ѹתš
ųԽջһɣ齣еܣƽԵȶǿ
Ȼǲ̫ܳľһҪԪͬһ̶ȡȷһ㣬ֻоԪ࣬ܣŻƽ⣬ŲԵÿ񱩣Ϊûʧøǿ
Ҳ˵Ե߽۷ʦΣԪΪҲ߽۷ʦ߽۷ʦľתΪȰ˽۷ʦľתΪܻҪǿ
ԭΪͬһεת࣬ǾǿһЩǳЩҲԽתɹתȴǲΪҶɢеռɡ
ôܣ
׵ķսҰƵǿͫжʱ¶һĨ˼飬еףԼһ볽ײ֮Իһˡ
ʱû·ԡ
飡
䡣
ݡ
սҰеľ޸£һԣڵϷ¡һ졣
ϵϢҲǱޱȣȳǰҪصöࡣ
رǣʱֻҲܵ˵һ㣬ѡ
վǰĳԣ˼˳ŷսҰ˹֣Ǹص֣ˣ
򵥵֣ȴⳡԵĽ
սҰܣ
ԣȻܷսҰˣվڲԶİһĻһ˫鶯۾ȴǴ˲˼顣
ܿ죬ͻعæ򳽻ԣԣû°ɣ
ҡҡͷٶȶŷսҰǸ˵֣ոһҲ״ʩչ˵ǸոԲš
֣֪ɷңոȫսҰһƽе𺳣첽ߵǰʵ
ԳһҡҡͷϿȷȫϸ˵ȴҵԪԼĹ
Ԫ;תΪ찡⵽ĻǼٵģսҰԵĻʱг𺳡
ţֶҲ״š
֣ҲòϣȷǸ¾Ǹһ츳Ȳ㡣
սҰǴѹƲסļĶȴǳ죬յıϸ˵ӮˣһȥˣҲȥоԪתΪʱٺ򡣡
֡
㲻ض˵ıҴúܹ񫣬ȻӮˣ´ζ֣ҿɲ˿ˣɵץ
սҰԼľ޸뵽ռָЦ˵
״Ҳֻҡͷ߷սҰʵܹԪ;תΪҪеıԼȻսҰִҪȥһ㣬Ҳٶ˵ʲô
սҰ޷ԪתΪִ£ܹԪĳϵӶԼʵҲ˵
һԵİ˵սĽǳսʤʱϲԸӡ
Կڣ
ڰҪ˵Щʲôʱ¥⣬ͻȻһɱ¶ĺһɧ𣬸¥űֱײӰ롣
Ϊ׵һӣſĲɢһƴϢ
һ֣ռеԪ񶼻
ȻӣһʦһѰĴʦ
٣ԿΪǳ
Ҫ֪Ѱ״ʦԶܹһۿԷΪ˿˵ǰӵΪȻǳ״ʦ
󣬻ӣϵϢΪֲԶԶǳܱȽϣǷսҰȣҲ˲ֹһΡ
۷ʦ
ǳԣ
һ֣۰ͷսҰüͷ΢壬۲ԶʬĿֱ˳ԣǳԣ
ʸҺ£
ʬʱԾѾµ˶ԷݣҲףԷ߲ơ
ȻǳԣǾͲٶ˵ʲôˡɱǷֱϵӵܣǻҰɡ㲻úҽͣʲôȥҵ˽͡
˵ţ˵ĻᣬֱӳųȥͼȽ˵
ҵһλִ°ɣѵǷҵ·緶ԵɾֱץˣҪˣҲһʵɣǷ˰ԵģѵΪǷұŻҪǿ
ȻʱսҰ밢ˣȴǰһԵرǷսҰһ߿
ţǷ뻢ɽ񣬵ҲϣǻɲҪҰ¡ɱǷֱϵӵܣǱҪһ
Ȼ֪սҰǻɵţȻǲԸӣ˵֮䣬ѾǶ»ֵźͰ뿪Իطҡ
ǡ
ֱǰŶ˹ֵλÿ
һǲκ˷ˣҸǣҷսҰֵܣ˵ǼǷҵϲˣҶԲÿսҰŭӼˣû˿֮⡣


281 ԣ
սҰ㡭
ִһսҰĻɫʱѿսҰ֪㱳ǻɣΪȫҽȻǷʵ绢ɣǷҾá
еǿߣŸ߽״ʦӿֻɣŵʦĻȣʵǲ˲١
ˣذӿ̳ǵŻܹΪذԷ֮һûһЩֶΣ
վŵ𻢵ֻǿ
Ȼ֪ұǻɣҪǣڵΪǴɣǻҪ߳ԣǾԣ
ɲǼ䣬սҰѾһϡ
ǰԼһ볽԰һ𣬶ǽĻҲһˡ
÷սҰ㻰ִɫʱ΢䣬򳽻ԵĿ˼ʡ
û˵Եţû뵽ճһ֣ɱҵֱϵӵܣһõɵĴ֧֡
ȴԲѰ߿Եõġ
Ǳ£ڻֱȥ
ִһɲǼüᶨޱȣӿɱ֮⣬ǼҲҪɱǷֱϵӵִܵطҡԣðΪеĽҽҲҪԴߡ
¡¡
䣬ִµһӣؼԪȻûԾޱȣԲڵԪһžųѹֶȥ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ֻоؼԪεȫڣ˿
ֶΣԱȵϵʦˡ
ǰִ£վǵʦǿߣ޷صԪγһƬԪ
ʦ뽫ҿס롣
һĻ΢ִµʵίʵǱҪǿֱ̫̫࣬ͬӤ׳һ㣬ֻҪһͿó˲

ȻԾԴ֮ˡ
ִ¸һֵ˲䣬¾ǱԴ߶˼£ռбͼΪԾԪʱøΪԾ׷׳ųԻ۶ȥ
ƣ
ӻԾԪһһԪϺ۵֮ϣĿ£ӿŸǵϵԪ
ִµֶȻǿת¾ȴǵһԪȻЧòʦٷ֮һ忪ʦԪ֣ȴǿġ
ꡭ
ʱ䣬ԵϷһĿ죬˲ָ
̿ƾ˲ʱ䣬ִµԪֳ壬ת¾ƿִµԪһʱ䶼ûġ
ִ¸ûܷƿԪѾûٽ˼棬ѾΪ֮ֻǴطҡ
Ͳ֪ոʩչԪסԣûһӵĹԪͱԸȥˡ
սҰڲִµ춯˲뵽ԷѾԳԳ֣Ҫסԣֹѻ߷ֱӽߡ
ڳԱס£Ծ͵Ǳ˽֮ƾ˴ߣͰܹ˶Է
ˣҲ̫ˣȻҿƳԣڵģǻɸûꡣ˺˳ԣǻҲǸʹ۵ģ
սҰŭһ
սҰŭȣҲǲ뵽ԷƺҪԳԶˣæźȵǷҸ˺ԣֹǻɣǷҲݡ
ݣСҲҴǱ˵ݣֱǻ֮ղΣҶԻطҡĽΣǾͿǼηˡִ²мһԵǿޱȡ
Ȼ䣬Ⱥ󷽣һǿưԵ˲֪ٱȻ𣬡û뵽ҾȻҲǿƵ˳̶ȡѵΪذǣֻʣǱԷ𣿽ұȷĸ㣬ұˣǷǸҶһëҽǷҲݡ
ݣ
һݡ
ֻһΣִĸʱɫ˲ѿ˼㡣
սҰ˵ĸ֣ҲȥᣬϾսҰʵǿסԼ߳ԡ
Ȼǰ˵仰ˡ
Ⱥ󷽣һΪ׵һȺˣڵذΧֱӽִһ˰Χڡ
һĽ״ʦҲͬ۷εĴʦݲݲСȻǰһȺˣʵǿÿ£ЩΧǵĽʮˣΪûһġ
ԵӣϢ¶ѹŷִ£ܱԪ·ǵγһֹѭֻҪһֲ֣ܱ
Ȼ˾ǲڷִ¼Ĵڡ
Ϊ׵ˣȻûп¶ϵϢн״ʦԴη̬Ⱦܿʵ˻Ҫǿöࡣ
塭
һˣæ˹ȥ˵ﳽԣǸס˳ԣһҪﳽԱ𣬽ѵһǸһ
ܹΪˣֻһˣ޾
ˣȻҿҹͣһҷ벮ָ˵
˵ţ޾첽򳽻ԣΣҪԽ⿪ƣĽ״ʦԪȻ˺Աƺ󣬾͵ǱѨˣһм䷢ʲôʣ³ܵ˺Ͳˡ
ǰ
Ȼ޾ŸߵǰҪﳽԽ⿪ԪʱȴǼóͻȻȭ˵
ѾͷȻѧ忪Цˣ
һĻ޾üͷ΢壬ɫ˲٣˻ֱʾû£һҵ˻Щִ磬ûп㣬Ȼ
Ȼ޾û˵꣬ķִͻȻֽܡôѵҵԪƣոҷʹȫԪƣôѵó
ʲôԼԪƣ
ִµĻ޾ûȥŭ˼򳽻ԡ
ִ¸ոշԳʩչԪʱȴǴѳͲ񱻽˵ӡ
ԡ㣬Լн״ʦԪƣ
޾һ˼ضųʵ
Ҷѡ
΢΢ͷδϸ˵
޾óԵĻشҲ֪Լ³çЩ˵ͷû׷ʣǽĿִ£û뵽Ƿҵ˻ʹԪҹͣ׼һҲЩʱǷҲҪûˡãһҴ磬ԺҶԴǷңҲҪһ̬ˡ
޾
޾ʸе𣿡
үǼѾ´ɱǷֱϵӵܵĳԣҪץҡԣ³ҵĿˣҲҪȥһ˷ңүҪΪѡ
ִºһɫʱվǰ˵ǱˣǷսҰǿ磬ҵ޾ȴǲ̫


282 
Ϊǳ޾·ǺԵĽŭˣȻǷִ£ҲܲԷŭ
٣ڳܲ
ʲô㻹óԸȥң
޾һִµĻ˫üǸʲôȻ˺˵ǷҼҪҼӡҸ㣬˵ǼǷҼˣҲ߳ԡ
ү
Իҡ첻˭Ҫԣ޾Ӧ˭ҪǸҶԣɱ⣡
ǣү
վ޾н״ʦڵǿߣȻһǣŨŨɱӿֱ÷ִµɫһ䣬˿ɣĸٶԳԶ֣ҵһȺ˾ԻǷɱС
ԣǻҰɡߵ˵
ʵ
ԿǰһĻ˸һĨ޵ľ⣬˫ȭҲһ̽һ죬ҳҲѹǵʵ
үֻǶռ䣬ޱȡĻֻᱻִץң浽˷ңȫõԼҪԵǺεȽ
Ҳóү֮԰ҲǿǱԼ밢֮Ĺϵ
û㹻Ǳү᲻˲İ˵
Ŀһ۷ִ£û˵ʲôŰҵķȥ
ԣҸһȥҡ
սҰĿ˸һҲǸȥ
ȥתǼұˡξɡߡ
޾Ƴһ۷ִ£һ֣ҵ볽һȥ
磬ǾôŹɱǷֱϵӵܵ𣿻޾Ҳ̫ԵˣǷҷ
Ⱥ󷽣ųԵȥһ˷߷ߵ˵ͬʱ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ҲǳһŨŨɱ⡣
ϢȥΪһͨߣĿ⾫տͬһһּΣյĸо
ˣʽϣϷϷϡ
ҵĵλڷҼԼϷ
ҡҡͷԷ׼ҡԷ־Ϊ־ѾûȣҼǰһԶԸ׼һ˲ƣĻӦ֧Ų˶೤ʱˡȰ׼ҺͻҶҪʲô־϶ԸңʱȻеǰ취ʰȺһ
˵־ƳɱǴʦʵԪƿһױǸֱһ޴ıذûҺͰ׼ҷֵ磬Ȼ͵͵˳ԻᱻһѹϧѾͻҰ׼Э̣־ǲȥȾָȻǷҵʵҲüΡ
ǺǣǲҲ˵𣬵ԺʰңеԴǷҶռ˳ɡٺ١ҵණǷҿڴܾ˰
Ǹô죿
ɱǷҵֱϵӵܣߡȻ׵طŹ˶ˡ

ңذǶߵشƬش֮İߣһЩԴҶͬһ㡣һȥǾԻ᲻ǰȥִС
ͿɿҶܱĿƳ̶Ƕôˡ
ҲǾӪʮĽˡ
Ը޾Һ󣬱ֱ´мû˿ͣ͡һ߽ң޾һ´ȥ
Ըյ´ͿܵеһȻɱϢӿ
Ȼҵķ״̬Ѿ˶㡣
ԭԴ쾧ҡ
Ҽ쾧
ԡ
ү쾧
´󣬳ûж˵ʲô޾еĿ⣬ֱӽ쾧ȡ˳ݸߡ
Ȼ쾧´ľԻָˡ
ӳнӹ쾧ۺ޾һǿĸ߽״ʦҲƲסĵ˷֮ɫæųԹֵԣ쾧ƳɹһὫ쾧㡣쾧ҪʱСʱԺúһʲôҪҪȫ֪ڿҵĹͣ˵˶Ϊ
үˣ
֪壬콫쾧ȥϰɣŴϼ쾧󣬿϶ܸ˵ġ
ԣȸˣ
˵꣬޾Ȳתȥ
޾ȥıӰٸһҴʱգԱȻƽȴѾüͷ
µңƺ̫
ΧһЩӵµ飬ԼչķͿɼһ
ԣ֪ҺɽһУھһľ־ӲޱȣѰܹȣƳһѰױ࿹⡣ҲܿͱԷ׼ҺԷҵ֪ܹʵľȻǲ׷һûʼ쾫Ǿҷͨ棬ǽеľֳݣÿһݡ
ʱƺѾµ˳ɻֱӿڽ͵
׼ңң
üͷʱ壬·ϰͽ
ذǵʵȻԶԶ̳ǣҲǳܹȽϣرǽذǷֳɶĿĴذǵĴްԡ
ĴǶԷҡԷҡԷ׼ҡԷңÿжźüʮʦǿߣе۷ǿ߸Ǵﵽ˸߽״ʦĳ̶ȣѰܹȡ
ײĶҸûеʸһҾ룬Իᱻɵѹ
Ժܿ͸ԼλΪ˵ʦǴʦûﵽĴݺɶ˻
û̫ϵһǾ콫ԼΪȥȡڰٳѡȡһϺõΣڽź󣬿ԻøԴ
ͷȻ齣İæٶѾһǧκһɵĵӿᲢۡ
ǡ
ҲܹУϵİ޷ġ
ԱǳŴɣǳЩɶǱӵȫǲһ¶˵츳Ҳ
ĵҩΪռֲϣνǻ˲ٵľĸֵҩԸ֮͡
Ȼһ뵽Уǻʲô񵤣϶ɵؾͻõ
Ȼһеǰᶼֳܹ㹻츳ŵϲʸʹû񵤡
쾫Ҳ˵ˣ˵֮ǰ⾫ȻƳһϳ˱ذǣ̳ǵ˵ˡǹ涨ǲܲذǵᣬҲ̲סҪһֻŽıúôˡ
սҰ쾫ȻҲ֪һЩž֮ɫ
ϳ˱
ԣ΢΢һܹõһϳ˱÷˵ʵһٻָʦڲΡ


283 һ

뵽Ĵеǿݣջҡҡͷ
ȻأȻû㹻ʱȥᡣ
ûٶ룬򰢽Ҹĵطɡ
㲻ȴƳ쾧𣿡ɻص
ҡҡͷ쾧ҪʱһҲһոպͷսڻЩʣҪ
壿
սҰһüͷʱǷǳǰսȻЩˣأ㵢󼸸ʱҲκӰ졣
Ȼ˲ҪĿġ
֣û´ĻȲ񵤣ͻԼľΪɣսҰЦ˵ȷľǿѾﵽ˽۷ʦΣǷ񵤣ԻܿͻƵŽʦȾͻƵ˾Žʦò˼¼䣬ԪΪҲԺܿͻƵŽʦˡ
ôҪͻƵŽʦˡ
һСҲ˷ܵɫʡ
֣ҿ²ˡԶŷսҰǸһЦ
սҰֵһʲôҲһøոպԣҲ򡣰˳Ҳһҡ
ϲˣ
ð
˵ţ˱ֱӳȥ

ȻʱͻȻһǼһòݵӿ첽˽򰢽ĿУһŨŨİĽ
ֻǣݰĽУȴһ˿̰Լ࣬ԵòǺܵ
Ȼصؼãҵжûһ˷֣Դ˷ӡ󣬸֪Ǻ侪ˣرǶϸ΢Ķܹһ۾Ϳ
һȲˣҪȥʱ㡣
ˣЦһЦ߹ǶųԵȥҰɡ
˵ţȥ
Ȼһ԰İĽֵؼΪֿ˿ûһ˿о
ԻͷһһЩңðûоȻԺҲٲһЩ鷳
ǳ԰ɣ˵ܹڷսҰ֧ʮУΪ߽ʦΣΪѹַǸСһжӲˣܿӿһдһˡ
Ȼû˵ʲôһȴЦ˵Ѻõζ
һԵʵɱеĻҪɱС˵ھܹӿһռһϯ֮ءսҰȻһ죬ҲǴЦŻһ䣬§ųԵļȥ
һȻûӿһǰʮΪܹǰʮģڶʮµģһѾʮˣʵŶѾһ״ʦǿˡҲЦŵ򳽻ԵԣһƺҲܿأҪͣʧرΰٳѡΣȡһΡ
𣿡
Ե˵ͷûж˵ʲôڸոתɲǣܹܵһĿ⣬֮ɫ
ԣԼˣΪһôһСС߽ʦѣܹڷսҰϳŸʮΣҪԸ㣬һӣ
һ򳽻Եȥķɫȷѿ˼㣬аǸˣһ׷ô꣬Ȼʼն޶ԣ´ݾߣߡΪô֣һܿͻᵽˣʱһҵĿġ
ҵĸ߼ңһֱֻϵӵִܻ²ʸģ⣬Ҿ͸ˡ
û೤ʱ䣬ǴųԺͷսҰһžңովһʱѾŵһ£ָ߼ң㳬һټ䡣
ˡ
Ե˵ͷ
һһôˣԼɡ쾧ƺˣ㡭
˵꣬תȥ
һĻԶʱһͷ
͵ˣ
֣ɵϰЩѾͷƢԡ˻ɰġһԵķսҰЦĳԵļ򣬵ӣѾͷϲˣɱ𹼸
ϲң⡭ôܣҺͰŸʶã۾ʱϴ󣬲š
ͰϵȻԸûãϲ
һദһʱѡ
ܿ죬Աûȥ롣
˵񲻿ȫŵ棬ĿǰҪ飬Ҫʵ
ɱֱϵӵܷȫӻҲܻưոݣңڵұͷƮҡһԸңǡҳԿɲãôõʱ£һվһԹۣ
⻹һΣգźѪš
ͬ׷ŹرѪţԲŸոսذǣܵѪ˵Ĵɱ
ԸֱʣϲϲϲǲϲոڴǸһӦÿ˰ɣʵҲϲ׷˰꣬ȴʼս㿴Ȼദʱ䲻ȴһۿȷϲġ
սҰЦ˵ת˲ͻȻһת֣һǸһԺŵ㣬ҸоˡȻҲ֪ƷΣûǶۣ﷭ˡ
лѣ֪ˣ
Եͷɫû̫ı仯
һ㣬Ͳˡ
ף֣ôһ㶼þȣѵѾһˣսҰɫû˿仯ɵɻʵ
Цŵ˵ͷǰѾһЩַİɣ㲻ѣҲСĵġ
û뵽ȻҲˣֶξԲǱô򵥰ϧΪЩ¿ľܹͻƵŽʦԪΪȴҪһʱ䡣ڴԪҲܹŽʦʱ¾ڵңܹˡ
ǫˣҲǵһ۷ʦ״ʦֻһͻƵ˶״ʦ¾ҵΪ˾ŽʦҲĶ֡Ц˵
սҰЦһ˷ʱˣʼɣȽȥˡ
˵ţսҰȲתһȥ
Ϣռʱǿ˲٣ǲСһпܻһͻƵ״ʦ
ԿŷսҰȥıӰҲΪˡ
ҲͣԱߵһ˽ȥ
ԪŨ̶ȣѾȵϷռˡ
߽ңԸԪϲɸֳ˿˿֮ɫܿͻָƽеʥأԪŨ̶ȣǱǿǧ򱶣ҲΪ̫ˡ
ңռеԪŨ̶ȣҲŷʵģŵȷΪָʦ󣬾ԿԶ
֪жòŻչء
ǰھХħ߶Ѩˮص£ԴǴδһκ󣬾ҲûгֹҲ֪ʱŻչء


284 Ž
ûзߣԵҲܻᵢ
ϥ£ֱӵ壬ǰսҰսȻûˣѪȴܵ˾𵴣Ȼ̷˷սҰ˵ҩȻûȫȬ
ʱĿֻһ۷״̬
ʮӺ󣬳ԸоǸоָ۷״̬
Ҳɣһɫƿʱϡ
ƿȡ£һŨŨĵʱ볽Եıǿףһˬ·ܵϴһ㡣
ǰִӾŽ۷ʦͻƵһ״ʦܹһŽ۷ʦͻƵһ״ʦҴӰ˽۷ʦͻƵŽʦӦκɣ
Խƿеһɫĵҩϣ˸һƾ⡣
࣡
ûٹͣһͷ˸С
񵤸һ븹ǻһֱ峽ԵԺľͬľ磬˲ͱеѪƸ
ʱѪƣѾ֮ÿһطɢŨľ羫Դһ㡣

ľѪƸȥѸٵؽѪƸס״̬δƬУѪƱǾҲɢֲ֮һɾ
ľʵ̫ˣǳ˳Ե硣
Ѫ˻ٶȣҪʱɡ
¾ɣ
ͷһ¾Ǳת˲ʹ߶˼ޡ

еİ羫ʱԱȷſʮٶȣӿѪơ
ѪƵĲٶȣ𷽲Ҳǿʮ౶ٶŰľ
ɢľ˲䱩ǣȻͣڰ˽۷ʦĲΣǰȴʵࡣ
ͻƣ
ʱ󣬳һȣڰ˽۷ʦϵĿʱͬһ̰Ӱ㣬ݺݳ÷顣
䣡
ϵϢȻǣӰ˽۷ʦһԾ˾ŽʦĲΡ
ݵȫհɣ
ͻ֮󣬳ԲûֹͣȫתеľľٵĵѪƿš
Ǳ񵤻ҪصöıԳʦûʵܹݵȫգǰͻƵ˽۷ʦҲֻݲ֮һٻһڡ
һΣԽͻƵ˾ŽʦҲǲûٵؽȥ

ʮӺ󣬳Եľٶȱǣﵽ˾ŽʦĲΡ
ʱҲǱȫմ
Žʦ
۾žеı仯۲һѾ߳Ѫƣ¶֮ɫ
Ȼδݵȫգɻ֮һڣڵľŽʦȴ൱ʵ
һʦ˷ҵ¾վ˵϶ֻлûκκôȻ٣ûвҵ֮·һ¡
Ҳңŷİ齣԰ԪʵҲѸ٣ڵ̫Ʒߡ
ڣԾǲʩչκֶΣԪԻѰľŽʦˡ
һ㣬κһ߽ʦģ
ͻƵŽʦҵԪΪԼǿȣҲȥˣ
˵ţһӣǰǳʮԼʮ
ȻѾ¶ģҪһԪΪǿȣȥ
ţռеޡ
ڳԴӷռȡʱͻȻռеޣϢձǿ࣬ǿһβֹ
ΪǿģȻһƷڵˣʱ֮⣬ȴǻһͬӴϢǲˡ
Хħͻˣ
һϲһֱӳ˷ռ䵱С
ݼˣ
һڷռ䣬е޶һʱӦæųԹ񣬷ĵش
һЩѰԪƷԪװƷޣХħ߶ڳԶΪԭǺȷԿ԰ʱͻƵһƷޣû뵽ŽӡһĹΪֱͻƣĳΪһƷޡ
ռ棬ؼʶˡ
رռУ֮ޣѪɹֶڣصõϿɣĵص˿
ҲضԺҽռ䣬Ҳٶˡ
ЦŻ˻֣⼸ܹ˳ޣ󲿷ֶԪƷĲΣھʱ䣬ЩԪƷޣѾгͻƵԪװƷΣһʮһԪ׾Ʒޡ
ڰѵһѪɹ֣ǴԪƷ۷ΣһٴﵽԪװƷͻƵԪ׾ƷҲԶˡ
ҴʱԻЩϵϢȻǱѰҪǿ٣һ㣬еǸеΪȡ
磬Щ޺ҾðŭĹһһȥҲȻÿһ޶ܹ󲿷ֻɹˡҺͰŭڴһ׺ϻ֮Ȼûʲôɹò˶೤ʱ䣬ͻġ
ʱ֪ʱСӥߵǰЦŴ
ԭˡ
ŻȻԭһжСӥͰŭĹ͡
ҲãڷڱչصĽҪͷСӥͰŭЩ޹Լϻ֮ŶʵȻһ޴İ
Щ޵սǿˣ˵ԵʵҲǸ
ʵСɹҲǹûԱȱҪǿܶ࣬˹ͰҺͰŭָޡСӥһ۲ԶѪɹ˵
ʱѪɹҲߵǰޱȳݵصǰһĸ˻ûҵݣû뵽˾Ȼ̲ԶӥѪ޶շˣԶӥѪɹѵһݣͲֵһˡ
ХħҲ˵˵ǰһ֮ǰΪԼǱ޶û뵽˵ռаѵһѪɹ֣ȻԶӥСҰŭȻֻѰʨҵĸоͬܲ򵥣˵ò˶þͿԳԽˡ
𣿡
ԵĿСӥûзϡ
Сӥ̺ԶӥѪݶԣȷǱѰıޣҪǿöࡣ
СӥŭϲǣҲͻƵԪװƷˣò˶ãǾͿٴͻƵԪ׾ƷӶһƷ޵С
ԸܵϵǿϢҲϲرСӥϢǿ쳣˵ĸоͷ·ڻ¯õľɢȵϢǴڷռ䣬ĻԻΧԪҲ
Сӥεص磬ȻѾԪװƷΣԪװƷ۷壬ҵЩѾȫˡûҽٶȣ϶ˮ


285 Ԫ
ô
üͷ΢壬Ȼ𣬵ųԺСӥΪرСӥʼնҪǴ˲٣Ѿ޷ˡ
ҽжʮ㹻ˣʣµȥԪ׾ƷɡȽһһѰ𡭡
˵ţһӣʣµʮʱСӥǰ
硭
ֵض˵ʲô㰲ǣ
ڷûչأ޷ƻҲֻǼʹ
ûʲôˣǼɡںϻ֮ǾܴڣʲôǺġȷָơ
˵ţԿһ۲ԶΪĹţû˵ʲôһ˳˷ռ䡣
ڳȥ֮ΧСӥŭ֮ޣԶĹţĿжź뵭ľ⡣
ΪǷǳСӥԶӥѪޣ棬ɶԷȫָġ
˵ǵˣǷ˵Сӥʦˡ
ҲΪǵʦ
ͻƵŽʦԪΪǿȵڳ˵Ѿ㲻ʲô¡
رЩѪɭռĴԼ뿪ǧʱŷѩ͸Ϊʱϵ⡣
ңʱ䲢̫
ݡ
齣̳貵ĽâգۼͽʮԪƷԪװƷ飬һۻ뵽İħԪ齣תΪľԪӿĵ
գ
ûκԥӴľеԪ뵤ڱеľںһ
ңԳں֮⣬䲻ѹڱǿͬʱΪ
Ԫ齣ʱѾǼΪپⷬѹʱøӾȻתΪҺ̬֮״ڳԵĵ֮С
䡭
߽۷ʦ˽ʦḶ́ûܵκε谭ͻƣһ·߸ͽ˽ڡ˽׺ڡ˽۷壬ֻ̽˲ӵĹ
ڰ˽۷ʦͣƬ̹󣬳ԾȻһΪԪͬϺ뵽ĵ֮Уˮɰ㣬ٶ
Žʦ
ȫںϣһȣеԪھİ£һβʣ뵽С

ɲǼ䣬ŽʦԪϢԳɢ
Ϣǿ󣬶ҼΪأͺһͻƵŽʦߣ˿ûиոͻƵǰ鸡ȶ
ǿȵˡ
˫һĨͬգֱڵϣε·Я˿ֱֲӶһС
ûһ㣬һɢſֲµĳ𣬱Ǳץϡ
࡭
ûƬ̳ɣֱӽһ븹С

µϢ˲ڳڷݣ·Ҫֱӷٻ١
ںϰɣ
дȣľӿֲľ˲佫ĻԪϢסԼںϡ
Ѿ֪ǵڼˣ̶˵ͬᳵ·ûκѿԣڶ̶ӵʱȫ뵽嵱УǰΪǿϢʱɢ
˽ʦ
ͻƵ˽ʦ󣬳Բͣ𡭡
ɡ
ںϡ
ɣںϣ
һʱ󣬳ڽʣµĽʮȫɲںϺǿȣǴﵽ뾫ԪΪͬһײ㡣
Žʦ
ˣԵľΪԪΪǿȣǴͬһϡ
ܹﵽŽʦҪ˷ֵ񵤰ûзֵ񵤣ҿ϶Ҳ޷ݵһգʱ˵ŽʦˣŽʦ¶޷ͻơ飬ȷǸü¡
۾Ŀ⣬˿ȴǼΪƽԺУҲ˸һͷɵĵӹȻǷͬѰֱûлҵҲûý͸ҡбҪȥˣһҪֳ㹻츳Ǳעңø㹻Դ
֮ԲμӰٳɣҪԭΪԺɽ
ڣѾΪҪɳɽҪ󣬸ΪԼ
ңŵ洫ӣվɱ˷ҵֱϵӵܣҲԲҵ鷳ѪţӲŵƤ´ɱҡ
оѾᶨҪţҾΪԺյ洫ӡ
ܿ죬Եƽ
˴βμӰٳѡεѡ֣˵ӿгǳĶţܹΪ洫ӵģֻǾӢӣҲֻʮŵӡ
ҡҡͷŵȻҲŲĵλ˴βμӰٳѡεޣ󲿷ֵĿ궼ܹΪŵĵӡ
ӣָŵӡ
ܹΪŵŵӣ˯Цˡ
ԣĿ겻ֻŵϡ
һεİٳѡΣһҪΪŵľӢӡ
ᶨޱȣͬһžâ
£ҵΪѾͻƵŽʦڲʩչ¾£Ҳնɱһ״ʦ״ʦܹ濹һʩչ¾ر´ʽ˵һնɱ״ʦˡ
ͷԺǰսҰսʱʩչľС
ʡںΪһ壬ɣΪý鴫Ϊֲܡ
ૼ䣬е齣Ѿϣͬһʱ䣬¾ֱӴ߶ڵԪԼͬʱݳע齣УѸת
ʱͫһк뵽ʲôǾҪӳΪǿıԴҪʽйȡ¾ԪתΪҺβԽԪ뾫ںԣ
ѰҪںǳ˵ΣƿһԪĴʦڱ̲һԪɻʦûооʮ£Ҳܹʱںϣ䱬ֲܡ
ͷתȴһ˿ȣǡǾ޷覡ˣԿ
бһ⣬·ͨһöδͨ⣬ʱһƬᶨޱȡ

ԥֱӽԼԪͬʱ뵽齣УΪʱԪ߾ȫǴھŽʦȫע齣󣬲ûие˿ʣֿ񱩵ϢҲûг֡
еԭ򣬳ΪͬһΣһԭǳԶĿѾ
ʡ
Ժͷתƺһ׵ʽݱţӵľٵԪ
ÿһʽݱϵƣΪһ֡
ƺ˺ܳʱ䣬ƺֻһ˲䣬ϵϢǴﵽһ۷壬齣֮ϣһصת


286 
УԪ뾫ĲϢ
ںô
û೤ʱ䣬Աظܵ齣еԪѾںһ𣬷·ֱ˴ˡ
飡
ڳԵĿ£齣̶ֱ֮УȻһը죬ͬը죬ըԵƽƬռ䶼ըһ㡣
ڣǣǿԲδκƻȫ֣Ǹ߽״ʦǿ߶𻵵ĸ߼ңҲᱻԸ
ſռеɵҡҡͷΪѾʩչʱڵѪѾ΢΢
һȫ֣ǿѾѰһ״ʦѪҲܵΪҵ𶯣Ӷˡ
Ҳûа취ı䣬ǽܹһѪǿ幦̷ĳֹҩǿѪ֮ѪǿһԳʩչ׹ĳ̶ȡ
һ׽ͬԵȡһ֡
е齣һһ֣ɾԪںϣ齣Ԫɣ
ŽʦΪʩչԪ״ʦᱻնڽ£ʦʵԪҶܿƿҵʵ㻹ӿһǰʮǰʮӦû̫ˡ
ٳѡڼɲεģջҪսŵøߣðٳѡеĳɼͻͬ㡣ȻʵһٳѡûӺã߶ԷͬǱŵֶΣ˵ҾͻٳѡǰʮˣӶŵľӢ޷á
齣ûΪʵĴҹԴ󣬷ǸΪ֣ʮʱ䣬һҪһԼʵˡ
ԣɽˣ쾧ѾƳɹˡ
ʱ棬ݽ
Ƴɹ𣿡һжʱһϲ
ܿ죬üͷΪ֣вûϲ֮⣬ǴЩ뵣ǡ
ѵʲôʷûٶ룬ֱȥ
ԣ쾧뿪Ҷɣ
Ը߳ңӭȥ쾧ֱӵݵϡ
ڰԣһŮŮϢۻ룬ǰִ´ץԵȻǴﵽ۷ʦĲΡ
ԿһŮջĿ⣬ӰϽӹ쾧ʵǲҷʲôˣ
ͷȷڸոգҺͰ׼ҵͻȻǰã˵ʲôϴ˵Ҫǰڷ쾧󣬵ѾȬˣΪƺӦ»ҵ˵ù̫⡣
ҵǰʲôϵΪҪȥ岻ǿӦ𣿡ɻʵ
ҪڽͣվŮͻȻ˵治֪Ǽٲ֪ɱѩӶųΪһ¶ûȻеʵѩӶҲû̫࣬ųС㣬ֻСˣ˵ǻ᲻ǰ׷𣿡
ţ㾹Ȼ֪ɱ˷ѩӶŵųһüͷʱ˸ŵɱ⡣
Ҫʮֱܣһй¶ȥ϶һĵˣֻͰ֪û뵽ھȻе֪
ڰȻģԲԼǱˡ
Դ֮󣬳ദѾýܻ࣬һˡ
ס
ŮԵĿⶢţ֪ԵΪʦûﵽвص۷ʦ˿Ȼоһ·һֻҰ޸һ㣬ͷһ
ԣ嶯ǲҵ߱꣬ıüΣնһġҲǺܿͲ˳Եı仯æڽ͵»ʲôҪᡣ
Ȼ˫Ѿˡ
ߡһССʦûﵽˣȻͼһ۷ʦ֣ǿСѵķϣһҪֽѵһŮؿ˳һۣջĿ⣬ȥƺԷŵı֣Ѿŭˡ
Ȼ
ƾųһȵĸ֪ȴǿظܵŮķŭȫװġ
ô
һûٶ˵ʲôҲŮŰڲ뿪һ뿪ĻѩӶŵ˵һʱ仳ɵͷӶͶʱҿܾΣˡ෴ڳڷѩӶŵǰҾѩӶųûκιϵʱŭӦҲΪѩӶųɱġ
ǡѩӶųһĽ״ʦҮпܻ¶һ¶ᵱ֡ʱҪֱ㣬ҺͰ׼ҵҲԻὫµġ˼ԣһǰȥĻпһһĽ״ʦһ¶ԷֱӶ֡
Ҳ˵Դ˷ǰȥ˵һĽ״ʦ֡
ʱǲ롣

һԵĿȻһܿͻָƽ·ʲôû
Ľ״ʦôǾǰȥĽ״ʦܷκεҳ԰ɡ
˵꣬ԱתҴķȥ
ԣȵҡæŸȥ
Ů㿴ŶȥıӰ΢΢һǲ֪ߵغ񣬾ȻĽ״ʦҵλ˴ԲѣҵҪôġ
ͷ£Ҳͣȥ

ҷѩӶһң˵ĸǰ£ҶӷԳ䵱Сİȫ񰢽СȴӰµһȺ߽ʦûһ˻˵Ҫʦڣ˱˵ʦŽ۷ʦûһ˳ȥΪľ⣬ڡһҷĳ˺ġ
ʱҴϯϣӰȻգȴ쳣ؽš
˵ģһʮ꣬һ̣̾ᣬټϴ˿ڵģԵôĿġ
ǷѩӶųһĽ״ʦǿ߷顣
ڷԣͬµ꣬˵ûǰڣԵƵᣬһ²ؼģƷе衣
ΧΧ˲֪˵ݣΪֻǵֵġ
Ȼ˵̬⣬˿ûбֳҵĵ⣬ǰͱˣҵˣȴǽҪĿǶ˵ϣһٴ̬֮
ԭΪˣҹϵȽŵԷ׼Ҽ׽ԼԷҼϡ
˵ΪذҲŵýǰģǴﵽ߽۷ʦֻһ˽״ʦ
λģһΪŵ꣬·ѩӶųһʢ˵ӣɫҲΪƽЩЦ⣬غе衣


287 ˣ
ųɷȷ氢һͬȥҲԸ㣬ǰĵطѪɭ֡˫һڲˮ豭£Ųؿڵ
Ѫɭ֣ΪβңȻǰѪɭ֣ҾȻһֶⲻȥ𣿡ǰ֪Ŀ꣬ʱ˫֪ǰеĵطɫһ䡣
˫΢΢ҡͷڣϾҲžŽʦΪСЩ뵽Ѫɭڲȫ⵹ǲ󡣡
ȫⲻɷңڿɻţ鶢˫ʵ
˫̾һǰҺ󣬾ͽеĹ̸ˣһֻԪ׾Ʒ۷޾ХħߣХħߵӦö֪ЩȻԪ׾Ʒ۷壬ȴͻƵһƷΣս˵ѾѰĶ״ʦй֮ˣ˰йŽѣһˣѾȫûһ㲻ҲȥӶ֪ͨ㡣
ȫû
⻰һĶӣ׼÷²û뵽ھȻҪ׷ͺڷˣʹֱ࣬Ǳɱܡ
˫˵ĹˣѵǸһģԵСӣʱһֱδڵİ׼Ҽ׽ͻȻʵ
վ˫޾ŭһ׽ڿҵĹͣ˵ҵĶˡԣ˵ע㡣
ǺǣǸСѾͷһͳҵĶôǰһСһѪɭʱҲȹһǷҲҵĶأ
㡭
⣬ֻǿЦҰ׽εºܹΪҵĶˡ
׽Цһ˫㻹ûشҵأǸ˿ɷǽгԣ
ð׽ٴηʣҲǻع˫ȴĴ𸴣ҼϣҲ̧Ŀ⣬˫
ڳ֣ڲǰѾš
ԣܹƾ߽ʦΪӿһеʮķսҰ֧ʮС
֪ΪΣᵽʱգȻ·¶ȶ½˲١
վڲԶķսҰһĻ仯ʱޱȣһѺǳһԱ˳ԻᱻƵ˼⡣
ʱذǣ֮ˡڱҪӦԻңѾЩѱĻԣ
˵Ŀȫ۵˫ʱ˫ȴЦһͷҰ˰еĿģԳڿ˵ҵĶˡ
Ȼǳԡ
˫ǳԣ׽˶һۣжһĨЦ⣬ջĿ⣬ٿڡ
˫ϺɫֱֱʵҵʣԲһ߽ʦȻ֮ǰڷսҰ֧ʮУ˶֪ʱսҰʹ˿˵Եսǿһ״ʦѡ츳ӿƵǿֲٸʱ䣬˵һٳӿһǰʮ

˵ţĻ涸ȻһתޱȣȻſһ״ʦʵͷХħ߿ǱѰ״ʦҪĴڣԼԾХħ߶ѱλܹ°ңܹȰѵͲپҶӻ
ų⻰е˵˰ɣܹ°Ѿǲ˼ˣﻹܹٶһˣľˣ˵þХħлɳˣȫɥھХħ£޾һ˵
õҿ˵Գ˱սǿ֮⣬һʦҾҲﵽ˰˽۷ΡȻˣӦ˲ٵޣʱٻͷԪװƷ޳Կ˾Хħߣ΢伸ߵĻᣬӦû̫ɣ
÷Ļҵͫ׶ʱ𣬳Ǿʦ£ֻٲ֪ڷȴ֪ˡ
Ȼҵп϶˸͸¶ڳԵ¡
޾һ˫˫ܿƽʱ߷ߵХħߣѰԪ׾Ʒޣ˶ãٻԪװƷ޲ͬ޼£ȻˣбҪ˷ԪװƷ𣿡
ܣ¡
ҿԷǲȻΪ֪ϲݹˣҲ˰ؿŻھХħ¡û뵽νĶˣȻСǼĳ֮ˡ
飬ȻǶԷΧڵҵĶˣҲҪһ
˴˵ģ޾Ҳ˫վ޾ԣò˫мƵ̬꣬һ˫̶ֱͫķâƿռ䣬ֱֱڷϡ
ǷһĽ״ʦǿߣĿ⣬Ҳݺһ΢΢
޼
ɫʱѿ˼㡣
޼ȻǶԷΧڵֱ֣޷죬ҿҸͲΪذǵԷ֮һ
޼֣׽˶ʱվȫϢӿǿֱѹ޼
ݡ
޼һͬȰǰλ߽۷ʦǿߵѹȣãӴϢںХǵƸֵסһĻҲ˳ѾҵľˣڴٴҴ֣һΣ˭Ҷԣҽ䲻ݡ
һݣҵҲ߯Ե˰ɣΪϲͼȣûھХħ£Ϊɱʲô˵ǳԸɱģɱףѩӶŵĳУ
ҲվǿƱԼ̬ȡ
飬ҪǶԷô˫վߵ޼ǰŷ˵
һѣǶԷνĶɱҵĶӻǾȻڿ˵˭Ҷԣҽ䲻ݡ⡭в𣿼ȻˣΪλҪٳңҷصѩӶţұϴŷѩӶŵˣ뿪Է԰׽壬Իҷġ
뿪ԷңͶԷңǺǣ飬Ӧ֪ͽչأʸ㵱նɱ˫ȻЦţУȻɱӿš
˫ѲǵҼɵѵΪ㣬ǵĶ֣ȻһһʵҶү޼ƾһܶԿǶˣ֡
׽ĿɨһΧڶʦǿߣеԪİ£ʱңңشȥǸƣǰ׼Һͻңͬǳصġ
䡭
Ļ£棬ͻȻӿһɹǿϢ㳬һٹɣЩϢĶﵽһ״ʦĲΣųȻȫﵽ˿޾ĲΣ߽״ʦ
Ȼ׼Һͻб˵㳲


288 ˵
һĶˣôξʮɿԺȫ濪ս
û֣˵ôֻ
Ϊ飬䶯ذǣʱҵδ棬Է룿
ڴ˻ᣬȥЩͨҵʧԱȴ˴˫չҪصöࡣ
λϣô
˫һ۰׽ͻϣȴûǣǽĿߡ
λߣҳԼү޼ү޾֮⣬Ȩˣڻڣ
һ˫ĻֱӹֵСڿ˵ҵľˣǶҪؽ¡
š
˫˵ͷȴûʲôϣأ
ΪһлҪǼСȻ˰ݶҵİΣȴǲֵһᡣԡ
̾һ˵ΪҲá
ϹȻ塣˫Цһҡͷȴûٶ˵ʲô
ܵϰٵǿϢжʱʮĵɭȻЦȻҪԣҲò㣬ҷѩӶҲҪɱԣԼŰɡ
ĻϺͰ׽ˣ϶ǸֳЦݡ
ҪԣҪٵѹǰδеľ޴Ϊȷţܿ贫ԾɱѩӶų֣һҪԣǾ͵ǲԼΧ棬Ǽӵ˶Է
ҲԣԽѩӶŴãֱؽ˶סĻ
һ֣ǽ˫סˣ˫һҽһǰδеС
ǺǣѵҳԵۣĵҪɱңҲ̫С˰ɣ
ʱһЦͻȻӴ洫һִ̣齣ɫĳԣ
ǰһͬϵ⣬ʦƴȣĻᶼûС
£һССĴʦȻҲϵ⣬Ҫ׸
һɺεɱ⣬ԳԵͫзӿ

ϵɱⲢûб˿ͬһɷ籩ڴϯӿ
ԱΪߣ˵ΪģȻɱȴ·Ծĵһ˲ɷ
ɷ³о󲿷ֶǴʦĴڣо΢΢һһǵʺϡ
ɲǼ䣬ڵдʦ̲סɱס
Ȼգ۹˶ع񱻳סȴʵʵĴڡ
ǡ
һ̣˵Ŀ޲Ͷ䵽˳Եϣ뵽Էųʱ˵Ļ˵һʱ³˳ԵݣرǷ飬ǴǳԣǸɱҶӷĳԣ
Ƴһ۷飬ס̲סҪռ䰵͵Ϯߣһٻɱĳ嶯
һԲȥ᷽飬Ŀ䵽˫ϣȻδ˫˫ӸλϢȴóԵһʱȷݣֵ
ǳ𣿹ȻӢ۳갡߽ʦΪֶΡ
˫˳ۣĿо֮ɫҲͣصͷǸоͺɼŮһ㡣
һĻֱóԶͷðкߣϵɱ˲ʧӰ٣ǰǧŷʱŷĿóԸеڡ
û뵽ڲŸյûãҼ˫ȻҲĿ
ס㲻߽ʦô
˫ĿڳϴƬ̣ͻȻһ˿ɻ֮ɫ̲סϸ̽һ̣һŨŨĲţʱͫӿôܣСʱĹ㲻Ӱ˽۷ʦͻƵ˾ŽʦȻԪҲͻƵ˾Žʦ⡭ôܣ
Žʦ
˫Ļ˶̲ס̽˳׽ˣҲϸظӦųϵԪ
ǿ֪СʱǰսҰʱһ߽۷ʦˣҲŰ˽۷ʦ
˿һ̽ǵҲǷ˱仯ϾŽʦԪδΣ΢ɢһЩǺ׾ȷһ㡣
ȻǾŽʦ
ȷ˳ϵԪϢȷǾŽʦ󣬰׽ͻȴͻȻЦһû˫ǰ𾪣ǲмصҩԪΪʲôõģ޴ΪҲֻó֮ǰΪ츳ӿŵϺţȴûϵȻҩΪȫڻԼǰ̣һҲΪˣǳΪһʦˡ
⻰ɾеˣʦ˵ȷ㲻ʲôһЩСǳȴǿԳΪһ˵ʦΪҲңڣһأ׽Ц
ϰڰֵ֣ʦȻԳΪһСɱ˷ֶӣңڣҪһ
֣ôôʹҩԪΪأ㾫ȥˣֻҪЩʱ䣬ԪͿԿԻٸ
սҰǰһϸظӦһϵԪʱЩɸֵ̾ϢͬʱҲЩ˳һ񵤣óԵľͻƵŽʦԾͲøԶҩԪҲһȥˡ
ԣǡ
ʱҲ˳ϵϢüΪǿ󣬾ҲԵΪˣȴûͬսҰ˵Ļɻųԡ
ΪţԲܻǵ֮١
ʱ˫ͻȻЦһǾͱĳˣԻҩԪΪģϵϢȴޱȹ̣˿û鸡֮УҵĸоԪΪﵽ˾ŽʦߣûԪһۻ뾫
ôܣҩԪΪȻսҰЩŵ˵
˫˵ͷ
֣ģ
սҰȻ֪˫ܻ˵ѣȴʵ޷ţԿҩԪΪõĸȣǲ˵ֻҪȥˣԪΪͿڶʱȥˣ
ǷսҰ׽ͻϷҲ˲֪ԣĻǳԽٶȣǺֲ
Ժýʱ˷Ԫϣֱˡ
ֶΣһЩ޾ľʦ޷
ʦȻ޾Ѹ٣Ԫ棬ҲҪѴʱ䰡ȻĻʦľͲԪȽôˡ
ѹ֡
ѹֳԵľδԪ̫ȽףǰذʱҲԪһȽףʦԪΪȽס


289 ˫ǿ
£ԵľûԪΪԪΪͬһΡ
˵Ŀ⣬Բûǵ˵ͷȻǻ棬һ۾Ϳ˸СҵΪȷͻƵ˾ŽʦȻδӰ쵽

ԵĻһڣ˵ɫʱ䣬ͫӿһŨŨš
Ҿ֪ǲǵ޴ٶġЦ˻ɳԣȴʼ
֣㻹һ㶼ǲಡ֪֪׺˵ġҵ찡칦ԪΪ߽ʦͻƵŽʦϢȹ̡ԪȳɾӿʷǰսҰһҡͷһ̾ҾͻƺԪΪʱͿͬĲΣֶοǾ˫
ҡͷֶȻҪԭΪڼʱʮĹ򣬽и죬ûʯԼǣҵľѹҩԪڼ䲻֪ٴεʧܡ˵ǣҳɹˡ
ֵǺΪ˽ԼǴɿѹԪûʮĹԲѰ߸¡ңȻ֪ߣȴû뵽㾹ȻûʯǣʯһЩǾעҷսҰû˭ǸһҲʵҷսҰķڷˣ
սҰȻǲỳɳ˵Ļ֪ûʮʱ䣬ǣĿеĵλʱֱǴﵽʦƽĳ̶ȡ
ʱһԵ˫ҡͷ̾Ϣһϧˣƹ㣬ֻһ˵ĻԵȻĻԻɾ޴ĳرǶھʦ˵һ޴ĸ
ǺǣԺлĻһоõķУһֱƹȥ΢΢һЦ
֮ԱôһԭΪǳһľʦ֪ҩԪΪȴӰֶΣԻһʱǰֶ
ʱ򣬳Կɾ鷳ˡ
ܲܽ齣ȥɣ
ðԪΪҲΪ֮ǰʹ齣ɰħԪʱõԭеԪޱȾ
ʱ׽뻨϶ˣɫǱ
㺧ֶΣĳɾͱȻǼߣӿһһλһ롣
³ҹϵܣһȳԽɳˣضв׻ҵ档
ͷ˶ǿһԱߵķ顣
˵Ŀ⣬΢΢ͷųԵԣɱҶӷҲøһ˰ɣ
飬̫ˣ˫ŭһ

Ըмؿһ˫ǣѪɭʱζɱģҲɱġ˵ҲȷģȻɱģȴҼɱԭܼ򵥣Ҳš
ԭܼ򵥣Ҳš
򵥵һ仰ȴ͸¶һƥİԵ
Ŀˡ
޷졭
Դʱı֣ȫ˵޷죬Ľ״ʦǿΪķѩӶų
ͺɱȫȻκ˽ͣøκν
ڳԿҲȷˣڷһζɱʱǿڰϣѾֱӳֽˡ
ʱȻûг֣֪ôԸѾ¶ģԲ뿪Ѫɭ֣㷽ھХħߵĶѨûбصĿֲɱҲὫɱ
ԭɱ֣ǲһһҪĹ
״Ӵƴͬˮӿųѹȶȥ
ңҰ
޼һڳǰƸɻųԵԣģûܹ㡣
Ըмص˵ͷŷҪôҪ˼ԣѪɭʱɱģǲɱѵɱ𣿡
Ҷӻɱǿ϶ΪŭԹ£˵ֻǶɱģİɱˣҲȡ޼£зŭ˼㡣
ԣ۾ʱҪɱңҾȡɱζҪ飬ƾ仰ҳԶὫ£ȽʵһҪɱľ㣡
һɱңƾʲôƾ̶̲칦ʹ߽ʦΪŽʦҸ㣬ǰ˵ǾŽʦǾŽ״ʦһָͷͿ㡣ҡûɳʦˣҾҪ
˵ţĿѾһԵİ׽ͻϣλ»ϣֹܹ
ųģͬΪذҲԸɱɵ֣϶ҲԹۡ
׽΢΢ͷ˫ԶѾɱ˷ѵǻҪҪԣǰ׼ҺͻңҲҪվѩӶֹˡ
һҪﳽԣԿҵľˡ׽Ļæ˫ֱ۵
⻰׽üͷɵһ壬ǰ޾˵ҶˣΪΪԾ˰ʱôһ˵ȻΪԭ

ʲôԭѾ޹ؽҪ׽Լ׼ҵܻı䡣
˫İֵģҲ֪ͼ֮ˣҳ֮ԻȾ棬ҲΪңǶԸԣóܵ˺οҲﳽԵĻҵıŮҪӴ˺ˡ

һɬ״˫ͻȻشЦƺǰľûκѶȡ
㵽̬ɡ㲻㱣ԵĻǾȽˡ
ѾȲҪʬΣȳ䵽ϣ϶׵ɱԡ
˫Ƴһ۷ǸʲôͽѣȻҶҵĶˣߡ̤ҵĴˡ
˫ڲһȻ˲񡣡
˫˰Ե׽ͻɫ΢䣬ɱ⣬ڿǣҪҪᣬɴһݣ˫Ҳһˡ
׽˵һ󣬱Ƕŷų㾡ܶ׽óԣҪˣһҵҪҺܹסҺͻ֡
ǣ׼
޼ÿɣݹҲ
׽ǰһֲÿռԪҲĿ⣬Ҳ䵽޼ϡ
ͫУɱէ֡
Ǻǣ׼ҺͻҪԸѾһˡ׽Ϊһ֮ûҪǰαɣҪֵĻֱӶְɣΪ൱ҪɱңͿûˡ޼ȻҲǲ˰׽еɱȴȻ壬ֱŰ׽ԳԶ֣ҾԲͬ⡣


290 ˽״ʦ
Ȼͬ⣬Ǿ͸һȥɡ
Ű׽ɭɱĻ£Ǳ˲嵽޼ǰ˵ս˲չ
ԣ
赲ڳǰĳԱ׽סҲûгɣͬհʵԪľ֣Яſֲܣֱӳųöȥ
ȻѾʩչ˴ʦеֶΣԪʵ
һצû˿Ľ״ʦʵʩչ
飬ֱȻʱ߽״ʦ޾ֱ
˺ԣǵȾҴϵͬ⡣
޾ڻڣҲͬǵһʱɱȥͼ
ǳԺͷѩӶ֮ĶԹҵ˾ͱˣɡ
θն׼ʱĻҼϣѾǳɱ˳ȥ߽۷ʦӴϢѾ˲ס˵ΣǸ
顭
˵Ѹٽ֣֮жʱһɹɿֲԪеװΣ˲顣
׼г˳ԷսҰͰͰŮˣ˵Ϊﵽ˴ʦҴʦȻĻҵӵܾԻڳλ߽״ʦĽУˡ
ԣ
޼޼ڻ˱׽϶˾סٶȱڵɱ⣬ֱ峽ԡ
ʱѾûһĸ֡
ΨҶ
үףһ֮
򳽻Զ֣һûпһĻƵģֱӳ˻ϣǵսС
һ£ԵΧûһˡ
򣬿Ƕƫ
Ƴһ򣬱˻үԸϣһ۾Ϳ˳ǲ
Ľ״ʦʦ֮£Ӧûûܹϵóӡɡ
ķ飬һУһ̣ۿŷĹҪ䵽ʱƬռ䣬ͻȻ䶯Σֱƾʧ
飡
ڳθոʧͬһʱ䣬ԵǰһӰ֣һ֣Яۻһצ㱻ȥˣҲǳź浹˳ȥϲ˾֮ɫ
ݡ
ԵٶȳԭվǰӰͫȻһľѾָˣŹ˶೤ʱ䡭
ͻȻڳǰԵֵ·һˣǰЩ챻׽ͻֻ˾Ҽ˫
ԭȳԻΪ쾧˫ľҲôͻָ
ƿνǼΪأȻĻ򽣵ľҲôöδָˡ
ѵ쾧ѰԺֳһͷ
˫
˫ͻȻ֣пƼΪҵս˲ֹͣ׽뻨϶˵Ŀ⣬ͬƵģ˫˼ͬʱһôܣľôᡭ
Ƕ֮⣬вĴʦ֣Ҳһ𾪡Уǰ
ת˲֮⣬еҸ֣޲ǿϲ
ǺǣС֣˰һҵ쾧쾧ѾƳ쾧Ӷҵľ˲ָ˫Ц˵ת򳽻ԣȭСѣҵõ쾧ҵľԻָ˵ǾһҵĶˡ˫лˡ
˵ţ˫ֱӶųӡ
ǧҪ쾧ҲЩ㰢ҰæҲһжġңҵѿҲһȥðաæߵһߣ˫ͬʱ˵ţлˡ
ó⻰˫ʱƽ̬˿ҲЩŵصҵĳȫǶģҲ֣Ҳ˲ë벻Ȼ˾ֶΣգֻʦܰ쵽ʦΪǰ쵽ˣҪǴ˳ȥԻ˰
ʵǲһֱСֶΰˡ
쾧Ȼ쾧ѹľָôˡ
ʱ׽ͻ˫Ļɫʱѿ˼㡣
˲֪쾧Ϊȴ൱˵쾧޸˵쾧쾭˵һ
رǻͣڴʦµߣ쾧İü޷󣬴ʦϵߣǿʼԪѰʦʦͣԪĻϣ쾧ȫպԹİ
˫Ȼʵָˣǰ׼ҺͻңȻҪֹȻʹ˰ݡȰ㻹ǽԽ˫󶯸ɸꡣ
׽ɭ˵
ð׽Ļ˫ϵЦ⣬Ҳ𽥵׽ͻϵѾ˵ˣ˭ҪҪԸԣһݡ׼ҺͻǿҲ塣
ȻˣǾݹǲˣҶҪһ£ҵۺʵǷʸΪذԷ֮һˡ
Ű׽£ϣһɿֲϢȻϯķۿžҪֱӳݶ
һϢȥԻһʱ䱻غõİ׻ǿ߸ӦӶһɱңʱ˫Ҫȫˡ
ˣȻ˷ĺ۸𣿰׽ϣұúýѵһĿ˵ļһ
˫һɱȰ׽ҪۻһİƣХ˲ѹڰ׽ͷϣɢȥϢȻѹס
ڴˣ׽΢һ£ֻһؿ˫ԼƸҸΪֲѾ
ȷһ춯˫Իʩչһ
վڰ׽ԣҪְĻϣڸܵ˫Ϣеǿ̶ȺڸҪԪӲͣ
˵ɫ˲ѿǿУҲǼѵ³֡
˽״ʦ
˭û뵽쾧˫ľԻָˣΪϸһͻƵ˰˽״ʦ
ΪذԷ˵Իһ޴
ذǵԷԭһֱ߽۷ʦͣѾ꣬˭޷뵽˽״ʦΡ
ҲʹذԷ˭Ҳκβ˭ղòγԷľ档
жǳһ˭ͻƵ˰˽״ʦȾ潫˲䱻д
ԭ߽۷ʦȻ˽״ʦֻһ֮ңڼĲ࣬ȴ൱֮
򵥶ԣ˽״ʦ˫ѾԿһ֮ѹסԷļ
׽ϣӦףƾǽҵΪȫʱ򣬽һ򾡡˫ɫĶˣҲɭࡣ
ǰǲԣ˲С˹ΪѡԷ֦ͬʲô£һȫϡ׽Ҳǲʶʱˣʱ˫ƱǿҲԡ


291 նɱ
˫ԣ˫ȫƾǽյΪǵնɱ
ʱ棬Ҳ˵һ仰ذǵ档
׼ҺͻʾˣЭˡ
һĻҵдʦ֣޲¶֮ɫǰΪұ׼һѹƶѹҲ˲ʧӰ٣˳ޱȡ
ǰң˵᧿ΣһþͿܻ׼һ巢ȫѪսһս壬ĽҲܹµóҾǿûбۺʵٻᱻһ롣
ڣȴȫ˵תҲǰΣѣһð׼ҺͻʾЭ
һ̣˵Ŀȫ䵽˳Եϡ
ΪǷǳҴһ޴仯˵ҵģǰˡ
ʱڳףΪ޾һֱǿҵĶˡ
ԳԵΪȫҵĶ˰
ԲĿ⣬ҲЩա
Ȼ쾧õ쾧㳬ʮš
׽ϣҲΪǣǰ̰ͼе쾫˫Ҳᷢôìܡ˫Ű׽϶˵ص
֮ǰȷǱ̰ɱ˫ۡ
ˣҲýʲôˣ˫δʲôսû̫ʧҾͲٸǼƽˡڷѩӶŵ飬ϣǲҪٲ֣Ӧûɣ
ѩӶűڶԷΧڵҪδãǰ׼ҺͻȻǲ档
׽ϣǡ
ȻˣλɣҾͲԶˡ
ǡ
˵ţ׽ͻ϶ˣû˿ͣͲɫѿ˼ķ飬ֱ߳ҴţΪǱȥ
ɱҶӻΪҶӱѵдѵҪӻԣһҪҲȲ֮٣ȥҲǼΪպޣڸǹʱԼѾΣڵϦ
ҵʱôû뵽һ㣿
ǷѩӶôҾûйͣҲпͰɣαҪϾɱ˫仰Ҳ֪˫ҪԸԼˡ
˫ĮѩӶôԴңȷǾľȻѩӶţҵĿģֻǵҪɱ
ݡ
˫Ļû˵꣬ͻȻһӰҴ漲ȥٶ֮죬ֱ÷ɻݡ
ٶȣѰ߽״ʦ󼰡ټǰ˫һαͿţһȫٳûܹ£ֻؿ
ΪܹѾǽԼıƸʩչ˳ΪһӶڵ裬ȻһЩ˲֪ıֶΡ
ԣҷǲŹġɱҶӷһɱ㳥
ŷȥҲڴ
𡭡
ȻڷθҪҴʱߴӰȴͬɽ㣬ƾճǰ棬ֻȭͷЯſֲ׵سȥ
ʲô
ȭֵؼΪͻأǷĽ״ʦʵɫҲ̲סһ䣬Ϊִ̫٣һʱ侹޷תԪеֵ
˶
ؼʱ̣ûκԥһҪԱȥ
𡭡
λûӳŶʮӴӰȴƾճ֣ͬǽ㽫ΧڡһϢĹͬ㳯ȥ
ޣ
߽ΧʵʵӰɫѿ˼㣬ڳԵĳޣҲǲ
Ϊ֪ڳֻгһʦЩͻȻֵޣȻǳԵľޡ
ЩȻǺǿֻԪװƷΣ˶Ĺͬʱ䵽ϣ׼֣пܻᱻ򱬡
Ҹе˼ǣЩ޶Ĺ·𾭹˼Ϊѵϵ޷졣ԪװƷ޵ĹвĽ״ʦʮֻԪװƷ޵ϹȴᵽŨŨϢ
ɡ
Ȼ𺳣Ҳ֪ڲǷʶһû࿼ǣܹԪһͷ޺ȥ
ֻҪһͷޣЩ޵ֹȻǲơ

ݡ
꣡
ȻҪ֮ʱһĽȻնɱ·հ㣬ʵԪɵķͬ㱻ն飬Ľ棬ֱӶҪ
ôܣ
һȻתͷŽߵĳԣͫг˲š
һֱΪڳܹԸģֻҵĸ֣żҵĸûгֻ֣гԷųһЩޣΪֻҪԼܹƿЩ޵ֹͿ졣
Ȼ붼ģʮͷԪװƷʩչвĹȻҪɱ
ɱ
һ̴࣬ڵѸʧжʱ¶Թ֮ɫԡúݶ
Щȥ˵ɣ
͡
Ŀ䣬齣ж£ƥĽâסİ壬壬ֱնϡ
Ѫɽ
Ҳġ
ͫе⻺ɢһĲʣŵ浹ȥ
Եؿһ۷飬һĨ䵭ջĿ⣬ҪƴŵĶʮͷջطռ䣬ת˫˹ֵٻҵľҲȲѣҪ֡
ԣûĻٻͷޣӦްɣЩ޸ղŵĹֶΣؼһǣոյһУȻֱƿ˷ķôģ
ʱҵˣ·ƵÿųԡͬʱǵĿ⵱УһεڴųԻش
ر˫ֵˣǸոն׼Զ·飬ԾȻٻͷޣ֮Ҳͣ
Ȼת˲ΪĵһĻǳ֣ʮͷԪװƷޣȻǱвĽ״ʦĹ
һĻǲ㽫Ӿ
еľþ޷ƽģǳԵһնɱһ
һŽʦȻ߱նɱĽ״ʦֶΡ
ӿһǰʮˣǻûͻƵʦ֮ǰûܹİ
£һǰӿˣȻˡ
΢΢һЦͷҽãЩ޵ĹֻѧϰһЩַ
ԷʩչԪնɱ飬ʵɷֻǾӶ࣬ȫʵԪԿ϶޷ƿķ
ȫʩչԪܹв״ʦ

ԵĻش˫ҲʶȤû׷ʣÿ˶ÿ˵ܣȻǲųȥ˵
֣Ҳ̫̫̫˰ɣ
ʱ򣬷սҰ̲סǰ˳Լһƣʱֺµĸо


292 ˫Ĵ
Ϊؼǵãǰ볽Աʱڵ֪Ǿʦ֮󣬻˵óٻС
ʱĽٻˡ
˵ͷޣʮͷµԪװƷޣ׵ɱˣ
Цһû˵ʲô
飬๼
սҰƳһ۵ϵķ飬˵ֶ֣λǲոⷽĹȻֱӶˣʦĹ㶼Ч
ǲǽҰˡ
ҡҡͷû˶մմϲΪǳȻ˲ռ䣬뿪̫Զľ롣
ҾֻҪ߳ײģȫԸܵصǶһռУþķλӶٶȽй
Ǹʱ򣬳Ծˡ
й¶ӡܣɱ֮
ˣ󳽻սʱԱ֣ܻ֮ٶռ䡣
㵹ǫˣոͻȻʧҶûӦû´ĻӦǻһռ͵ıɣû뵽Ȼ˫Ϊ͵ضų˵
ǺǣǰȷԵ˵ͷûȥ͡
һ̣򳽻ԵĿ⣬ȻǷ˾޴ı仯
˫Ҹֶ޷һ㣬ȴǷˣǿԱԵֶαеػҪࡣ
ǰ֮ԻǵĺøУҪԭΪ԰һ쾧Լ츳
ô˵һȴ޷ıġ
ԵΪžŽʦʦδﵽ
ˣǳ˽ԵˣǰһǱ˵ſĻضη塣
Ȼڣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ѾǴӾر˾η
ԭԷնɱǿʵԼֶΣסǡ
Ƶ޲ޣʮͷԪװƷʵȻܹвĽ״ʦرǣʵȻҲĽ״ʦв
ԵĺֶΣڳһɱսҰʱҲǼʶˡ
ʣ׵ضǶһ̴࣬Ͳһ忳Ρ
ӳԷŵĶ㶯ȫˮڼûκεسɺԥ
һǿԱǵһɱˣ˵ɱ˲գۡ
ֶΣټǾ˵츳;ز۵ļʽü͡
Ҳ˵ԽпܻɳΪһǿߡ
ԣһ£һ¡
˫һ۵Ϸʬ壬ĿͻȻڵ
ʲô¾ܷԸǣ˿
΢΢ЦϵɱȻƽȻû˫ǰŵϢȥҲһ޺ӡ
һĻڳľ󲿷ֶŴʦΪĳ֣Ƥ̲ס鶯¡
ǸոĿ˳ԺԥһնϷ壬ǾԲãǰվŵģʵһɱϵ˼ĺݽɫ
Ժ㻹ֱӳƺɣȻģԵҲ̫ˡ
˫ЦЦֱڱɱôµķѩӶųλãǿ˳ѩӶȻʵǿ󣬴ʦֳ˷֮⣬Ҳ֪˲ûĸʺϵѩӶŵų
˵˫ֱų˵¿˵ҵĶˣ쾧ǵȱ߽״ʦ֮͵ĶǱһϳ˱ҪأΪѩӶţұ͸ΣҽѩӶҲҹϽ˵ʲôҪĻֻҪһ仰ҾԻᾡ쵽
˫Ļ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ʱ¶Ľ֮ɫ
˫ĻȷóȥηѩӶųְλ
ѩӶŵų˵ִµݰ
˫˼ǽѩӶȫ͸ԣ䵱ĸҹϽ
壬쾧ѣܹȵѩӶš
쾧Ȼϳ˹ЩȷǱȲѩӶţҲҪۡûеõ쾧޷Ϊٻָ˵ҶΪ˵֮ңһѩӶʲô˵ҽѩӶ͸㣬Ҳ㲻̫ء
ǡ
ԣ°ɡҵҲΪá
ʱͻȻߵ˵Ϊ״ȴЩ԰ס
ΪҺã
⻰һܿף˫϶֪ذѪŵ˴ɱ뵽ѩӶ͸
зѩӶеļн״ʦѪŰǱصĴ̿ͣԲ׶ԳԳ֡
ǲʵǿɱǲܷ飬ܹ֤һɱ²ӿĸ߲֪
ĻѪŵ磬ӿϲԻֱӸԤ£ѪŸѪܹܵ˵ġ
ԭ򣬻ΪԵʵЩ
ʦΪѾвѪţѪžǸٴĴۣҲ᲻ϧһвԡ
ȻˣұлˡԶ˫ֵ
ҿ޾ǰȥַѩӶŰɡ⣬ܣԸսַѩӶţܻ಻ĵطʱڳߣĵطŵ㡣˫˵

˫Ļһڣе˶ʱ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ѾĽɳļˡ
ο˫Ȼ˵޾ڳ԰ѩӶţĿģȴҵүڳ߱İȫ䵱ѱڰ
壬⡭
ͷһͬһ㡣
ǣ磡޾ӦһȻЩɬﲢûʲôܡ
Ϊǳ˫Ѿ¶ҪؽóǱ޵
οǰҼݵضųԹҵү䵱һ³Եѱʲô
˵ˣҲֻǰﳽԴѩӶŰˡ
ȻˣǾˡ
ʢȴҲٹܾҲֳ֪֣ԻܿӿڶֵĹע
ʱ˵ʱͻΣս٣޾ߣİȫȷǵõ˼ıϡ
ȴȥѩӶŰɡ޾˵ţ˸ơ
ˣ
ԵͷҴȥȴûǰ棬΢ЩŲ޾С
ԴųҲӶȥơսҰͻȻЦһ첽ȥ
ңҲȥȵȡ
æȥ
Ѿͷ
һĻ˫εҡҡͷȴһ˿ο
磬ԳŮءһԵ޼ͻȻڵ
Ȼ⣡ȵȡʲôŮڰֻûһƲأ϶ĻҪż
϶żҵŰϯʱҺλء
һʲôһֲ̫Զ˫ҡͷЦ


293 үڿЦɣ
޼Ŵ棬üͷͻȻ΢΢һšԵ츳˵ӿһǿģҵλȲϣе㵣İ
ʲô˫ɻʵ
ҵɾ̫ߣῴǵİѾͷˡ
ɾ̫𣿺ǺǣֻҪزۣȻΪӿ۷ǿߡ᲻ῴϰ
˫˵ţȴ¶һǰδеļᶨ
ŰȻȷܳɫݹˣаƾЩ
˵ųԣ
˫ŵųԵƷԣ濴ǵİɾξˣᶪġ
ڴУѾﵽء޼Щ˼ص˳ĬƬ̣޼ͻȻʮİٳѡΣóߵһ
ٳѡΣԳԵͣΪŵľӢӣӦûκˡ
⻰޼Ҳ΢΢˵ͷҲΪԵʵȻžŽʦʵսȴȱҪǿö࣬ǲĹֶΣԶԶ˵ֻҪ⣬ΪŵľӢӽκ⡣
˫ĻҲ̲ס棬гڴ
ڴٳѡεĵ
ٶȰ
ղδã޼ƽٶȽ֮ƣҾãԼпܣһٳǰףΪŵ洫ӣ
ǷѩӶôȻǹֵġ
߳Һ󣬳Ե˽˲һӣһ޴ĸ֮ۡǰڸۡ棬дν֡
ѩӶţ
ʱڷѩӶŵĴŴŴػ߶ϵķβѿǷѩӶŵĳԱ
ЩȻûһؽԸܵϵǿϢȴ¶֮ɫ
ΪЩϵϢĶﵽʦ󲿷ֶﵽ˸߽ʦĲΣڴʦϵģҲǲ
ٳԴִֿȥʮ˵оΪﵽ˴ʦ
ԣԷѩӶſɷ⣿
ڳԵ޾Цʵ
Цŵͷ
֣Щ˺ܿ춼ֱϵأȥǽɡսҰһԴЦ˵
Ե˵ͷ޾˹ȥ
ףǲүȻݰǷѩӶţ졭ȥ֪ͨλųųڲڣҪλųӭӣǧҪүΪǷѩӶŵǡ
ںƺС罿ǸߴˣȻӿһеʮɵŷսҰôҲǷѩӶˡ
һ˭ôүߣѵ֪ףӿȥôôϤˣСʱǰͷսҰԣڷսҰ֧ʮеĳԣ˵ΪѾѰĶ״ʦһˡ
״ʦΣȻ֪غүߣûսҰԹԵظں𣿵ʢҲү˵øƽϡˣǿȥӭүͷսҰаСɣǾԲܵˡ
˿ѩӶźվڴһˣһʱͲǵĵУѾǿ첽ӭȥ
үзսҰš
һߵ޾ǰ˵رΪ׵һϢﵽ߽ʦģǹֵүȵųǰ֪ܵ˭룬뿪ڣλųϾͻǰӴλ
ǱҿˣҽɲǡˣȵȥɣλųңټӶгԱȫϼϣдҪ
޾Ц˵ųƣСѣ߰ɡ
룡
ԵͷһЦ޾ŷѩӶŵĴȥ
ȻҶǵųС㱻ϳӶš
սҰ߽ʦЦһǿ첽ȥ
սҰŻɵö˵˵ԿɲôСˣԺӶźúøɣΪЧһǵġ
˵ţҲȸԾظȥȻ֮ǰѾ֪ѩӶŶٴΣһΣȴϸĵشΧ
ӿȥͺڴԼ¼һ㡭
⡭ʲôʲô
߽ʦһ˿߽ѩӶŴţһ㿴ңҿ㣬ͬʱĳһ䣺ʲô

ݹǷѩӶţӶŵңȥ
һ߽ʦĴ£Ժ޾˺ܿ˷ѩӶŵ´ʱѩӶŵλųԼ⼸߲㣬յϢٶȸ˹һųһ޾æǰص
޾ЦһֵǾͲˣǻ̸°ɡ
̸£
ųüͷһ壬үʵڱǸųǰ֪յ˭룬뿪УѾ̸µĻųȻΣھǰȥѰ
ˣٸǣǰųģҷìܵԷ׼Ҽ׽ԼԷҼϡ
ʲôųȻͰ׽뻨ϵүⲻܰɣųôˡ
޾Ļɫ޲Ǵ䣬ڶԷȻǷǳԷĹأǱϵˣ͵Ǳң㹻ɽ֮𰡡
ѵҪ÷ѩӶŵİΣڲˣ
޾̾һʵҲ뿴鷢ʵ̫ʧˣϵ׽ͻϣһи߲棬ͼɱҵĶ˳СѣǳСֶιˣ˵ڷϳԿˡ
ųȻİϵ˰׽ͻϣǻһֱ
ųһǿȥʮ꣬һһѮߣ𺣣˵Ϊ״ʦʱ޾ĻǶߵ˵
ǣķѩӶŸ߲Ҳͬˡ
ǲװķŭԿóǶڷ鰵ϵ׽ͻϵ£ȷǲ֪顣
ǺǣѾɱҰ׽ͻϣҲҼѹסٶҾͱ˵ˡҾͺλһѩӶŵųλãδɡ޾˰ֵ
⻰𺣶ˣȴǿɬһЦ̾ү֪ǷѩӶгų˷֮⣬û˭̫ͳ·鰵ϵ׽ͻ϶ɱǷѩӶûٿͳǵˡֻ̫˼ˣڹӶŵ鲢û̫ġ
ѩӶŵɫЩѿΪͻȻϵ׽ϱɱǷѩӶſ˵˲Ⱥס
ƽʱǱû̫鱻ɱǾ͸һɢɳˡ
ǿѩӶŹò˶ãҪ˶ֱӽˣ˵мֱɫʣӶžȻûһʤųˡ
ǵı飬޾ͳжȻոսѩӶ֮ǰǾͷˣѩӶŵĳԱȻŲʵûϸĹƶȣңһͿԿóѩӶεȱԱˡ
ǰλųҲǸ˦ƹֻκκΪͲὫ˼ڴӶ档
޾ЦһǺǣλصģѩӶžԲģҽңͶԴѩӶŷչ׳
й׽ͻϣҲ׷ǷѩӶţչǣѩӶһǧһٶʮԱлˡ
˵ţ֣صض޾һɬ̾һϧǷѩӶŸû˲ţǳҪٽɢ³үҪǣȷѩӶĽɢˣҿǷѩӶŵĳԱһޡ
޾Ҳ֪˫ѩӶ͸ԣҲѩӶŵ񣬷ѩӶҪʱ䣬Իٽɢ³
ҼѾѩӶŽҹϽҲѩӶκ飬ͬʱѩӶҲµ޾ǰķѩӶ˵
ȻҪɢ𣡡
޾ⷬ˶ʱһĿɬ
λصģѩӶֻǿ󣬾Բɢ
޾ÿ˵Ķ𣬡ڷѩӶŵųλãҼؿǣҵĶ˳ӹܡ
ţԣǸ˵ڷսҰ֧ʮеĳԣ
޾Ļ˵Ŀʱһ۵˳Եϡ
ܵʱսҰֻʹȴ˵һʱսҰȫһʩչ˾Уȫʩչ˾е£ȻӲ

һȴ޷ı䣬ǾǳԵΪ
нʦʦδﵽ
һСĸ߽ʦ
һǷѩӶУǵڿпޣڵ׵ĸ߽ʦ
үڿЦɣ
𺣵˵Ŀ⣬ʱ޾ã޾ǲǷѩӶѰˡ
·ѩӶѾǱٽ壬ֻгһʵųܸȷѩӶšڹϣҾȻһʦˣų


294 ۷
ѩӶذȻ㲻ǶҲǴڵڶݵĴڣĸ߲ٶǴʦϵΪųΪﵽ״ʦų飬ΪǴﵽĽ״ʦ
£޾Ȼ˵ǰΪŽʦ꣬Ϊǵų
ǸеΪػΪ޾ںǿЦ
Ǻǡ
޾ЦһûΪǵıֶе⣬һĻԤ֮Сһ㣬вɸܹ̾ΪѩӶŵųΪǷѩӶŵˣû뵽𺣵˾ȻԳԲ⡣
ǿɶС˳ԣʵԲô򵥡ҿԸһ㣬ܹΪӶųҴġ
˵޾΢΢һ٣ŽŵӽʼѩӶŲҹƣѩӶŵһҲٲ֡
䣡
޾ⷬƽؾף˶һŵ̧ͷ
ʲôȻˣǷӶûҵİӶذǽ粽а
϶Ϊ鹴׼ҺͻңŵҾӶţⶼǷӶĻˡ
ûҵıӻǰ»鷳ˣǵþ취Ӧԡ
ôӦԣЩǿҵϣӶ鷳ˣҷǣǻǸϿ뿪ɣȻȥ϶Σա
һʱ䣬зŭġ˵ġ̾ġ
԰ꡭ
޾̧̧֣ҲصģȻԺ󲻻ֹӶŵ񣬲˭鷳ҿ϶Թۡ
лүĺˡ
޾ĻȻû̫İڷѩӶŵ˿Ҳֻ㰲ο䣬ӣΪųԼ𺣶ˣǶȭл
޾״ҡҡͷҲȥͣȵʱ䣬Ȼš
ˣӽ󣬷ѩӶŵųǳˡ޾΢΢һЦųԵԣͽˡ
š
ԵͷŷѩӶڸ߲㹰ֵ³ԣܹΪѩӶųʵҵңڹʱܹرλųλൣЩ
𺣶˶һۣжŨŨ뱯ڳԵηѩӶųһְǵȻǺ⣬뵽˫´ڷѩӶҲûкʵѡҲȥ˵ʲô͵ǸѩӶһӡ

ǶȻ˵ʲôȴһһǷѩӶȻذǵһҲԲǵ׵ģȻҲ㵱ųҲҪеŷֶΰɣ
ûڵӦûʮ꣬ҲҪΪһҪﵽʦҲЩֶΣŷ
ǲҪжôʵԺ߳ȥҲԲܶǵӡ
Ļ˵ʱҲһӵ
Դˣ𺣶Ŀ΢΢ȴûֹҲ뿴νųû汾¡
ȻСϢƳڷսҰ֧ʮУڷսҰֻ£ҷսҰҲǸһ۷ʦ㲻ʲôڳսҰһ𣬹ϵȥƺ£ǱԵʱˮ˭֪
֮ԵʵΣǻд
ͨǵĿ飬ͬ⳽Լǵųֺ˼ȥ
ʱңҲǰɣ
ԡ
޾һ۳ԣɫЩãһֱóԵѩӶųȫӶŵĸû뵽ǻѳԣֱд
һĻ𺣵üͷֱ壬ޱɻ󣬲Ϊ޾ôˡ
ͷƤ벻ѾҵĴˣһȫύĶ
ѩӶţֱ͸ԵģԵѩӶųʲô
޷
԰˰֣ôҵֶΣ
ųһʱ嶯ƽϡʲôÿģӶŵųˡĿһҧ˵
Ļһ˵ڣ˶ʱʧɫû뵽ȻôͬóԵӶų
ǡɻ
ŭһݵٷųǸ
ҡ
ˡ
˵УҲЩЦŰ˰֣˵ĲΪƽƽų϶˲ŷΪôŷң󷽱񣬻λֽ˵ȥɣҪοҵֶΣ
ų̫꣬ʢˡ
ûģ
ԵһЦֱİɣյҲκˡ
ãͳһ㣬ܹͨҵĿ飬Ӷŵųˡ
Ҵһʮ֮ڱֲܾ͵أΣ
򲻿ɣ꣬ΪѾ˶״ʦǷѩӶһųֶȻҲܹԸ˶״ʦ򲻿ɡʧɫҪⳡ
ȴǶųЦȻųҴһٶЩյġͷİɣҳֻзִ磬֤˺ųһë
ǡ
츱ųȻСѾͬɱԣǾǴһкη˵λͲʶһųʵ𣿡
޾ЩЦǰóԿһĽ״ʦնɱˣϻܹĽ״ʦޣһССĶ״ʦκε˳ԣ
һȻǲ˵ģҲóǷѩӶһȻսսҰһֲʹﵽ˶״ʦӿһܹŽǰʮ
ȻҪսԣÿóԽ÷ѩӶ֪ǵųԣǳصġ
Ȼүô˵ˣҾͲˡ꣬мҪСģһųܵ˺ܵġŵͷ
΢΢һͷûӦֱ򳽻ԵųǵԺȥΣ
ã
ûоܾ
֪֮ҪԺбԣҪøһˣ϶˼ڷѩӶŴȥ
ҲڷѩӶǰչֳԼʵ
ĿģȻ۷ˡ
ѩӶŵ˲ŷ㳽ԵųڷѩӶҲжԡ
һ߳ԺС
ʱයڷѩӶܲĳԱҲǷ׷׸Χܹۿһ˫˫Ŀⲻͣڳϴš


295 
˵ǸԵϾͻΪǵų֪ǲģ
ӦòдǷѩӶô˵ҲذһӶţûһЩֶΣֱģҲ
ǰʮж֧ŲˣҲ֪øԼʲôˡ
ȵȿɣ˵Щء
ų֪׼𣿡
վִһɫǹӿֱӳԡ
ְɡ
΢΢ͷ
ȻųͱԻųȳְɡ˵
üͷ΢壬ҿȳְɡ
ҡҡͷѩӶһķ緶¶ţ緢صãΪųҪ٣ȶ֣֧ʮˣԣųɡ
ȷȳ֣
Ȼ
ݣ
شո£ԵѾǻһӰͬȰǰһɿֲĴ·ɽ£ǰһ̻ޱȵɫɲǼӿŨŨľ֮ɫ
ڳһ֮£ᵽһŨŨϢ
ôܣ
г˾ҲսǾƬ̣ջȫԪеĳǹҪи񵲡

ȻеĳǹŸոպ齣ĽĻǹ֮ϣµֱǽǹõڵأҲǴһʹ
ܿʶãʶؾҪԪԽĹ

һɱĸоܿʹĲӴ
ˣ
ƽҲ֮
ˣ
һĻ֪ʵ޾սҰͰˣ޲۾ͫг޷ɢȥľš
Կܻмѵ֧ʮУٲ˸ǾóѾ潻֡
ڳܹꡭ
ѩӶŵ˾ûһ˻뷨
һɱꡭ
ֽ붼ȥ룡
࣡
ǰִվӰѩӶеſˮʱеľѾ𽥵ɢȥȡ֮һŨŨ˷뼤
μų
һ̣𺣶˵ͷ£ѩӶȫڵأĵߵš
μų
ҲǺܿ͹ȥ˷ܵغ
û˷ܣ
Ȼ˳ϣû˿ɥΪڼʶԵʵоӿֳһ뷨ѩӶɳһῡ죬Ȼʹûɢп̤һߵĸ߶ȡ
ԵľʵȻвܹһͽԼܣԼһ㷴֮ûУȷԵʵȲϷ飬ܹӿһǰʮ
һԣܵķڷ
λ𡭡
齣Ц˵˿ûΪǶԼľضڼӡ
лų
˷׷ǵ֮ϣɻŨŨ˷֮ɫ
ųոնе¡ųԹֵΪոնԳԵɶǸ
޷
԰ڰ֣ĿΧһɨΧ֮⣬Ȼкü˵Ϊﵽһ״ʦɵһ˸Ͳʮ壬Ϊﵽһ״ʦģܹжˣ
׳Ϊλʳ⣬ǵһʱشųӶŴʦǿܹʮˣͲʮĹжʮ
ʮ𣿡
һڽȫٻܲ
ų
ӦһֵЩҪȫٻĻҲҪʱ䣡
ԵͷѩӶŵ˴˶񣬳Ҫ·ϲܾܲ
ʱͻȻоӡƺЩţϻñչؽˣ
ӿŨŨľϲֱӶϽ׼һңҪչء
չأ
óͻ˶һ㵣ܿͻعæӦǡ
˵꣬ǳȥ
壬֣ڼչأͲдǣȸˡ˵ţԿ첽˹ȥ
һĻ޾Ͱ޲һ㵡
սҰŵصѲɳҪȥչˣôܣ
սҰʲôܵģԵ츳ֲǲ֪ҲûʲôɴСֵİɣһЦ
˵սҰȴֱӷ˸ۣ㵱ǰײأһһѵһζ򣬳ǰòŶһΣһʽŹȥĸСʱôֶ򣿡
ȻЦ˵Ŷ˵ԾǶأٺ٣ϴζǴʽζܾǴΪΪʦˡ
Ÿոס
սҰһۣͲš
һԵ޾ҲǵոտԺͻȻ뵽ʲô˿ʼбչأ˵򡣲ͻƵʦЩܣϾľͣھŽʦһ״ʦԶء

Ȼʲô򣬲˵ȴǱȶ򻹸ΪҪ
չؽˣ
߽ңԾȲʵҪֱӽ뵽ռ䵱С
Ȼʱǰȴǰ׹һӰǰ
ǷԼϻã
ϻһòȴǱ¸һصظСȻԲ֪ΪΣϻõֶοɲǱΪ棬ΪԶ飬֮Ѱܹ⡣
Ŀ䵽ʱǷ˱仯ͻˣ
ʱѾԵãǼΪʵУӵѪ֮˸޶
ҲһγɹͻƵʦˣ
˵ͷĿڳһɨݵʣиʱʱ˸Ƭ̣Ŀ¶һĨο֮ɫˣЩΪҲٰϲˣ
ڷʼչʱԵΪŸոͻƵ߽ʦǸʱ벻ܹ˶̵ʱͻƵŽʦ
ڳԲΪͻƵŽʦ¸ĸоҲһݵ֮С
ɴ˿ɼЩʱԵΪǺѸ١
رǣʱתľ⣬Ҫ˵Ļ꣬ԲѰܹ쵽ġ
ټڷռ䷢ִޡ
˵Ǿʦˣ
ǳԲûгΪʦ츳ҲΪ¾лһ·¾ҪΪʦҲһһϦ֮£տʼΪҪΪʦҪԼĴȴǲչصʮʱ䣬ԳɹسΪһʦˡ


296 Ž۷ʦ
ҡ
޾Хħ߶Ըˣ
ΪƺֹͻƵһ״ʦô򵥰ɣڷԵͬʱҲڴŷ
ʱϻø̾ˣһָ˶۷ʦΪ˴󲿷ԿͻƵ״ʦĽ״ʦ
ȻͶ۷ʦˣ
ԣ΢̶ʮʱΪʹ߽ʦŽʦȻûֹʲôҲЩԵãȻ¼Ȼһָ۷ʦеԵ֮˲ɢ
ΪٶѰ˸ܱȣȻһһһء
ԷǳΪȻǶ۷ʦս϶ԶԶȼ
ֻǲָΪҵҲͬɡ£츳ԡˣٶȱҿ죬ҲԲ̫ܿࡣ¶֮ɫ
ѾϰԼԷʵָÿ죬г˸֮⣬ܵŨŨĶ
ˣڷռз˲ٵǺ쾧ЩŪģͻȻѯʵ
ǰЩշХħߵʱŪЩԵ˵ͷھХħ߶Ѩǿڣȴû˵÷ġ
ʱѾһϲЩǺ󲿷ֶǧݵģͨĻǵЩﰡһ쾧ȫ׾
׾
ҩ֣ü䲻¶ɻ֮ɫҴƵģǽ쾧
ԣ׾
ɻ󣬿ڽ͵쾧ֵҩһѰ쾧쾧쾧ȫǽƽ𵱹ʺáֻ׾ﾡá

ԣʱ֪ҵĴ⻰θ롣
׾Ҫף֮ע쾧Сܵ
۾ʱɴⲻΪ𣿱˵ǴʦǵʦԻᱻֱӺɻҽ
Ц˲صģȻ޴󣬵ڷӡǰһֻСˡΪʵָòҶ׽ˡ
ʱԲ𣬷ǰȷǸ˵Щ߲û壬壬ǰԻΪڿЦû뵽¾Ȼġ
ǿǴ˵ʦǵʦʦʦ޷濹

аգ壬Ŀ԰ʵһֺη
ڴˣԵϲ¶һĨᶨ֮ɫ

óԵı飬ʱˣֻ˵˵û뵽Իˣˣһᣬҿʼƻ׾ȸ䣬Ҿͻȥȡ֮׾
ã
ԵͷƻĲϣȫӿռָȡ
ΪǴ߽׶ʱͿʼڴĵҩ
ڣǴеĲϣҲʼˡ
˻ҵǿȣӦֿһ˰ɣ
гڴ
ڷռƻڼ䣬Աпʼ
ûóԵ̫ãȥʱαٶȳҵС
ĳ֣һ˵ĵ㣬ҡ
Ƴɹˣ
Ŀһֱվŷ
ٺ٣Щ˵С˼ٺһЦҡҡδĸƿˣÿƿжʮţܹһٿţٹ㽫ǿ߽״ʦˡ
߽״ʦǲܣϾһҪһСӥн״ʦѾˡ
Цһӷнӹƿ
ƿһɸŨĵʱ˽ԵıУޱȵϢóԸо·С
Чãɼһߡ
ǱҪʮı
ЦͱСӥˣѾһٿŻСӥˡ
ʲôһȻƳٿŵҩԾ
֪֪״ﵽʲôΣ˽УһֻܹƳʮʮŻƳһٿţѾǳԤˡ
ûƳһٿţƳٿţԤڵĶ̫ࡣ
ЦˣСˣȻֻ飬Ҳˣʱеģרҵˮ׼㵽ʦûкõĵҩˡ

Ļشȴóһ𵴡
ûϵȻһʦƳĵҩʦҪ
һֲĴڡ
뵽ϻֲͬļһԲɵÿЦû뵽߲һ󷨴ʦһʦ
Ц֮࣬ҲǷǳ¶Ŷô޴Ӱ졣
Ȼǲ̫
ԼʵǸ
ˡ
ͷЦ֪еҪԻЧΣʹûһ̷ֱɣͻƵʦ֮ǰһûǷðΪã̺ĻԪ֮вֿܵġ
˵꣬һص˷ռС
ȻѾԻΪΣȻǸϲڷռС
ţ
Ҳû룬ȡһŻֳֽ룬һǷŻƿ
ֻлװͨʻ֮ɫȥͺһĻ档ŻȥȻСȴǴиܵһɰĻԪ֮ʮ޷⣬ѹַһ̷ֻˡ
ŻѰľŽʦ̷ˣ϶ᱻֱӷΪҽеİŻ૵ڵǿȻѾھͬһȽףҶھʹûԪ֮ǿȣһ״ʦҶܹסΪ˱Ž۷ʦɡ
ڴˣԲٵʱ䣬ŻУһȥ

һ븹һɰĻԪ֮ͬŭڳںХֲĳϢһ̣ԸоԼѪ·𶼱ȫٻ٣ʶģ
ųֻдʦſԷõĻȻǴ󣬰ŻʮҪöడٿʮ𡣡
һҲʮ䣬ȻеĻԪ֮ѾΪϰߣԾҲʹܷΧ֮ڡ

·ֱӷٳɻҽ׼ԪסͷͷҲ˲ջ١
ŻѲң
һҧ⣬ѸٵеĻԪ֮οס


297 ȥӭ
󣬳ԵĻԪ֮ϵشѪ磬ǵһ飬ص
ԵǿȣҲ𽥵
ڻеĻԪ֮ȻǿƵزǺÿһΪСģȻĻһ˼࣬Ӱ쵽Ϊ
㻨ʱ䣬ԲŽеĻԪ֮ϡ
ȻϿǿ˶٣ӳϵϲ֮ɫѿһεĽԲС
ŻҵǿŽ׺ˣٷðš
ڴˣûԥŻ븹
˷ſƻлԪ֮ľ飬һγԵЩᳵ·ǲһʱ䣬ǽеĻԪ֮ȫ
ǿȣҲǺ˾Ž۷ĲΡ
Ž۷ǿȣҶԻѰһ״ʦ˰ɣ۾˫ͫлգǰĿֱӱˮ
Ԫ˵ҲԽԪΪŽ۷ΣһҵԪΪҲ˾ǿȣʩչԪ֮ʱЩԿˡҵľˣԪΪɡ
Գһ
ˣȲһŻͽǿ˾Ž۷Σľ˾Ž۷壬ͿŽǿʦĲˡʱڳԣЦ˵
ѶȺ֮ߣûһĻ¶ʱҲվӿռָȡһ·ϡ
ҲǿЦһѶȵȷͦģĵҩǼ٣ҾԪһߵĸһߵǱʡרҩԽȻӰ졣
ҲˣΪЦЦԵûˣ㲻ǸϲڷռôͻȻˣ
һҴţ죬Ӷ﷢Щ£Էмн״ʦ½ˣҾͳæ
ȻɱĽ״ʦΪķ飬Ǹʱ򳽻ҲǳûɱսԾܹ֤ҲԻܲ˷飬̸ɱˡ
磬ӦÿݰɣüͷʵЩأһϳ˷ݣ³ԾҪһʱ½иֵ׷ɱˡ
ȻһЦ˷ıǣڵֶΣ̳ǻûܹҵݣܹռ򣬲֮ʦſܲҵݣѰʦϵóҵ
ʦ˵ӿǬԪƺûʦĴڰɣȻһбȻʦǿߣȴ֪ǬԪȾڶ޶µĹңûʦ۷ǿߣֻʦ
ȻˣǾȳȥʲô°ɡ
˵ţȥ
ȴЩɻ󣬷˵żн״ʦ߽״ʦΪ޾ڷѩӶô鷳·أ
Ը߳ңһغѾõķѩӶųԱæǰμųϲų˴αչΪ
ԱһʦǿߣڳǸոսչأϻһǿĻԪ֮ɻԪ֮Ϊһ״ʦеЩļ£ǰһоͻ꣬ԳѾǹǾη
Եͷֱʵ淢ʲô£
ųѾ֪ˣʦɫһ֪һֱдδҵĸЧ緢ٴ£еҲ֪׼ȳԳغٸ߳״ȴû뵽һѯ
岻Ǻϸ˵˵Եͷ
ǡ
һ״ʦҲҵʱ䣬æڽϣӶеԹİɽׯׯ֣ͻȻã˵Ҫʶһǵų
ŶҪңüͷ΢壬ʶؾΪԷǳġ
ǵģ
ʲô
Ȼ˵ҪʶųǵĿȴ൱Ե˵ȥӭ
ˣǸʲô֣ͦŵģȻȥ
ʱҲǴҵ˳۾΢΢šϣһ˿ɭȻɱ⡣
ųλǣλһ״ʦϵɱ⣬ͻȻоɱӰ£ڵԪЩת
ֶΣų߱
ǲɱⲻԳԣ¶Ҫֱǰˡ
ˣǲ˽䱸
ģԼˣҵһλܡ
ЦЦ˵ִԺͺҴɣˡ
磿
һۣȥȻᣬһĹȴҪʮ˴磬ʵһʱЩԽܡ
ȥ濴ɡû񣬾ֱӶ첽ȥ
ų֣鷳ģһĽ״ʦһİ֣˷ǰпܻԸ㣬λųҴӵص뿪ء
һ״ʦ״æȥе˵
԰˰֣Ľ״ʦȻԸˣҲµģİɡ
ķ⻰ɵƲƲ죬Ǹȥ
Ȼ񣬵ЩʱҲ壬ǰ⣬˵Ҫ÷æ
ܿ죬˱˷ѩӶŴŴ
ʱķѩӶŴŴѾˣѩӶŵĳԱȫ룬˶һض档
ڷѩӶŴǰǰľɵӣʱ棬ӣҲվʮˡ
ʮɢϢһȫﵽһ״ʦĲΣǴﵽ۷ʦǷѩӶŵλųǱ֮ϡ
ϵ꣬һ׳˶ᣬȻһ͵ߣĿɨ֮䣬ͲǰѩӶŵκ˷Уһһģ
ԱߵǸһĸоȻʱʱɢΣչâһµ
ʱǸǿ׳궢վǰ治Զ˵Ǹųô첻ңǾǲ֣ӣ֣ӵˣҿǲԭ¡ʱҲֻͣǷѩӶŵ˽ˡ
û˵վԱߵѾһ֣˵ôϻ㲻Ϊǰȹһӣ㲻ܱ飬ڴ㱨ôߡɱ̫ûзڣǷѩӶҲô۸ġ
ô۸Ǻǣڲ۸ôǳ˵䣬Σ֣ЦһȵһСʲôʸ˵ҹһȥҽ


298 ƲԳԷ
㡭
֣ׯ̫ˡס˵
֣ƳһۣҪҲҲУǷѩӶŵʲóһ⳥ǷѩӶŲ뵽ǰɽׯǴҾͶԼˣҾͼ̡
Ρŭ
˶˵ʲô֣Ŀꡣ
ǸƴˣǷѩӶҲɽׯ
ɽׯȻǷѩӶҲûȥȻҲˣǷѩӶҲ۸ġ
֣Ҳ̵ֺô

ʱվһȺµ׷˵˷ŭ벻ʡ
ɢϢǵΪȻҲûȥԴﵽһ״ʦĲΡ
ҲΪʵ֪ʧȥ˷һұӻķѩӶţѾԶԶǰɽׯֵ£Ҳ˵ͰɽׯƴһѵĻ
ǵĻɵûͷһۣ˵ʲôҵĻǶ߷ڹԹԵصųأһе
磬ôǸųǸʦûﵽľŽʦվǰĿ֣Ľ״ʦԼ״ʦΪŰ޳еֶΣܰǽǰһ֣ɲô˵ġ
ˡ
ŭһȻҲ֪ԳԵʵܹԿĽ״ʦ֣˵֣Իиֲİ޳
ѡųԡ
һУųϰɣ
Сӣո˵Σôͳ˵ôߡϵǰԹԵع¿ͷϴȻĻݹҳֽѵ㡣֣ûǺһȺ˽̸жʱŭա
¸ͷϴ
֣ĻȻ֪ǰһȷĽ״ʦȻǵɴ۾гŭȭͷ𣬡ֱǳ룬ȻҸµǸҷѩӶţûǸѾǳ
һǳȻˣҾһݣôˡ

£ǰһ̻ϵ֣ζȻǰ壬ͬһֻݵıӣѸ۽ꡣ
֣ׯ顭
״ɫ䣬ֱӳǰҪ֣վʵµҲǸϡ

ȻβŸճֻ֣ȭͳǺ˹

ȻѾȥȭͷеֵ֣ȭͷʱȴǸоһɽײ޴ĳֵܵζʱź浹˳ȥ
ʱҲǳױ¶֣ߵС
ȻǷѩӶŵڤ粻飬ھǳҵ֣ЦȭͷȻؿڡ
һȭˣ϶Ҳˣһû£ǽƱظء
һȭÿ죡
֣ĹͫȴǶȻһΪ֣ȻŶ״ʦΪ֣һȭȴİնûС
˲зϣҲԲͷ
ɫһݣҧ𣬶ԥֱתȫԪҪ֣Ĺӭȥ
ҵʲôʱֵѵˣʲô
ݣ
ȻʱһȻ󱬷׷ǰ㼤ؽ֣ȭͷֵ
ˣʲôˣȻҶҳ֣֪֪˭֣ȭͷһ𣬽ɢȻȴûټʡ
һֶǳҲ˭ǷѩӶžȻ˸ҶҶ֣ǸһĽͣǷѩӶž׼ҵŭɣ
Ȼ֣ĺǳ⣬ȴǸȥᣬһЩûԵˣ˶ǶŴӴź߳ĳԹμų
ˣǳԣ
Ի˻֣͵ؿһ꣬Ȼ嶯˵㣬ĺܲй
лųȣ
æųԵϥأĵع
ѾԼˣα˶񡣡ԽĿҲǿʼһȺˡ
ڳԴǵʱһȺҲڴųԣв˺֮ɫ
Ѿ֪ԾǵųǶԳԵʵΪɣȻżһֵ֣ĹǱ֪ǰǽܳʱۣûп󣬷
뵽ЩǲɵùضԳμų
޷԰˰֡
СӣôûⰡ֣ûԼɵŭһ˵
ףǸǸ
ŽĿ֣Цλǰɽׯ֣ׯɣʵڱǸȻҶû⣬ոҺֻ˷ƨûⰡѵ֣ׯ𣿿ôŵһӳζأ
˶˵ʲôȻ˵ɣ
֣˫üɢһŨŨɱ
ų
֣ϵɱ뵽Ľ״ʦĿֲʵѩӶ˶ʱһҪ׷ǰԱá
Ȼȴ̧֣ʾ԰꣬Լ۾֣Ҳû˿֮ɫ֣ˣ·ѩӶŵųѾǷ飬ҳԡҲܷǰкζԹǶҳԵ£ҲѩӶûκιϵٲ֪ôǷѩӶзǾݹҳԲˡ

óԵĻ֣ѩӶŵˣ޲ǵɴ۾ųԡ
ǱΪԻ̸֣˫ϵȴû뵽Դ˿̾Ȼв֣
֣вԣǵǾúɳһŽʦȻвĽ״ʦ
Ϊŵĵ
ڶ̶̵ľ󣬷ѩӶе˫۵жӿһɿȣһѪӽŵ׳ͷ
ǲ֪Ծƾʲô˵ֻǡ
˵ˣ
Ѿ㹻ˡ
ʱ˿ֻ̣Ҫһ£ѩӶегԱԻԥس֣
ƺ
֪䣬ڷѩӶųԱе󣬻Ȼһױȵĸ߶ȡ
ԭǷѩӶŵųԣⲻҷɡ㲻¸ҿͷǸұ֤ӽ쿪ʼذǲзѩӶšԵĻҲǳ׼֣еɱ⡣
ذǲзѩӶţΪ𣿡
˭֪µķѩӶžһ⣬ûҵıӻĽ״ʦΪķ鶼ˣѩӶŻкξ壿
ˣ㶯ԣ
ãȻ㾴ƲԳԷƣǾݹĺˡɽׯѪϴ


299 
ݡ
֣Ļδȫ˵꣬ȻһӰӰǰһ̻ڳ˲ǳ˳ǰһȫԪ۶ɵϸգʯ֣Ŀڡ
ٶ֮죬֣Ľ״ʦʱ䶼޷׽Ӱӡ
һ̣һǰδеΣȻ֣ðûκεԥȫٵسȥ

֣ٶ죬ǵӰȴǸ죬رǶԷгŵϸͬһĶߣֱĿڴȥ
ʱ֣ڿһɱ˵Ŀһſӣ
ˣס֣
ʱһֱں״ʦΪŰ޳Ҳǲ֣˾޴ΣУһæٶȳǰȥͼ֣˸
ûУס֣ɱҲˡ
֣˻ŨŨľ־塣
ܹܵԼѾΣڵϦȻ޷ͻı仯µľͲֻ̫ܹ࣬ס
ɱҷˣϵ£ûκܹȵ㡣
ȻӦģֻһ䳹ǵĻ
ݡ
ͣ
ŷĻ£еԪϸȻֶһֱû֣ĿڡʵԪȴͬ㣬ûγĵֵ
㡭ĸɱң
֣г˿־벻ʣȴţǰһ緢һѩӶŵϵ⣬Ȼת֮䣬ΪģȴԼ
񵭵ƳһۣҶ˵ˣӣҷҲŹ
ˣԭǳԣ
һ̣֣֪һеԵɶڳϡ
ףԲһССľŽʦôһĸ֣
Ǹ˭Ȼɱ֣ʵǿ֣ϣһж߲ʵֲ̫ˡ
ӣƺڰųû뵽ųʵǿᣬ߾Ȼһǿİ֡
ʵ̫ˣ֣ȻҪշǷѩӶţԼû¡
µЩ鷳ˣ֣ǰ׼ҵûұӻǣǷѩӶŽ»൱鷳

ѩӶųԱһնɱ֣жʮֽ뵽µĺҲΪǡ
ǷѩӶźôĵӣȻɱ֣ǰ׼ҵûҵıӻǷѩӶž군ˡڣԣΪѩӶŵųɱ֣־ܣǰ׼Ҹ׽䡣
ۼ֣޳ʱɴ۾һŵŵϵ֣ŭĿԲų˵
ΪɵվڳԵķ¶ҪԶ׽óԡ
ǰǺ֣ã֣İɽׯϲ˷ѩӶ֮󣬷ѩӶһĲƲС
Ȼⷬȴòκκôܻܵ׽ʡ
֮ǰҪƵԺͷѩӶϣǳеһк
ûұӻķѩӶţһĸ֣޷ֵ׼ҵŭ
Ƴһۣƺ֪룬֣ǷѩӶŷǳɱǷѩӶŵĳԱ๼ɱ˾ɱˡڰ׼Ǳߡֱӻ㱨׽ˡ
˶㾹ȻҲ׽
ʲôǰ
޳䣬վڳԵķαƾʧ޳һʱʶãҪȻ״ʦΪһ
ž
һƣϣ޴ֱð޳ź浹˳ȥ
֣һնɱ״ʦΪİ޳һƳɣ
һƳ״ʦ޳ǲģҲΰɣ
˵˭ųʲôôһôµڣ۷ʦҲһƽ״ʦɰѵ״ʦ𣿿ôᣬôܣ
ղŷһնɱ֣һȴȫһĿ⣬𺳡
ǳԣҲ֮ɫ
ȻϵսԱΪҪֲö࣬ѾԤսԺĽ״ʦȼ硣
Ȼ·ֳʵȻԶԶԤϡ
ʵѾԱѰ״ʦ˰ɣ
ҲҪټӿٶʵ
ԿЦҡҡͷ˵ͬʱҲǸеһĪѹʵ̫ǿٶԷĴһЩ
ֻԼʵȥˣʱͲˡ
ͱǰһĻҲ״ʦǴʦΪмְ֣а塣
ո֮ȫ֣۵ףΪԼʵ֣л⣬ѾʶŷΪзڣҪԸ֣Ӧò⡣
ۼʶ˷ʵȴǸеһĪѹ
磬ʵûʧɣٺ١
һƳ˰޳󣬱˵˳Ե
ʧĻʲôʧֳʵѹܴ󰡡Է˸˵
١ǴҲŬҲЩˣڵʵԱ߽״ʦϻЦ˵ֳǿʵʵҲǴЩٳԵĿġ
ʼ磬ÿɷ
ȴ˾Ժ󲻵򲻵ѵ£÷ΪȻ񣬶֮·ԻӰ졣
һĻڷѩӶУ򳽻ԵĿ⣬֮ɫʱŨȡ
û뵽ǸôǿȻųųֶα˵ĻҪ
ųֱ̫ţˣöôµֶΣһʵԶǿߣ˷ӰҾˣӽ쿪ʼųҵż񣡡
ûҵıӻǷѩӶҲþͷչ£ǷѩӶиˣ

㡭ǡ
ڰɽׯ۷ʦĲ£޳ѵվϣһİӡһŭضųԵ˵ǷѩӶ̫ˣеʵ˲ǰ׼ҵ﷢飬һʵ׽Ǿ͵ųܰ׼ҵŭɣ
ԵŰ޳˵㾡ܻ㱨׽ǣ⡭㱨ͬʱ鷳׽ʺáǰңҺͰ׽Ҳйһ֮Եء
ߡߣ
޳һؿһ۳ķһ̧֣֣ʬ壬롣
ǰĿ˲һ̬˿ȴԵǱ˼㡣
ǰһĻģȫΪ󳽻Եĳ֣ҲΪԳ֣ųԵķ񣬲ŻһɱɽׯׯһƳŰ޳


300 ϣ
޳Ϊ׽ҶҳôԿ뿪İ޳Ц׽֪ҵĹϵͬѰǰ˫˽״ʦʵ£׽ٶô
ųǵǲõİ׽չصĵϣذǰѪɭе޲֪ιͻȻƵ߳Ѫɭ֣˺ܱƽ񣬲Ѹ󡣶Ƿ߽״ʦϵߣһʱϸѪɭΧޣذеи߽״ʦյѾҹǰѪɭˡ
ߵ˵
ԣŻȻѹ޾ڷѩӶˣԭյѪɭȥˡ
֪ѪɭеΪλᱩ𣿡ѯʵ
ҡͷĿǰ֪ò˶þͻд𰸵ġ
Գһûȥ׷⣬µ鲢ǹˣͷأ
ү뿪ʱΪ˰İȫ룬ѾˡڷսҰţƺүǰѪɭȥˡ
Եͷûϸʡ
ǽĿתһȺһ״ʦжʮµĴʦȫ𣿡
ͷųѾȫ룬ܹʮˡ
ãڵϡ
ǡ
Ȼ֪ԼҪʲôǵһʱ佫´ȥԼҲǴųǰ
ûãԵ˱ѵ
ʱѵУվ˶ʮߣ״ʦȻУվŵģΪҲȫǴﵽһ״ʦĲΡ
磬㼯׼ɻظԴѯʵ
ЦЦݣӦ˵ġʿɣ
ʿǿΪ⣬˵½Ϊı֣һˣȫѪĸ߽ɣǵʵձﵽ˴ʦϣеʦʦʦÿһʿһаٵĿֲս·ûһֵܹǵ㡣Ǹ߽ʦһ֧ӣҲжԶܶԶ
ڳ˵ʿҲΪ˽⣬ͻȻĿһŵųԵ磬㡭ò齨һ֧ƵľӰɣ
Ƶľӣ
ЦЦЦ⵱УȴһĨ֮ɫűԪ֮ʱʿǰǲæҿؼǵãЩνϵʿ¾ŵʱǺεȵط⣬ƺǿŵܹʿϣǶôҡȻʿ̤ţҳƱԼ㣬νϣ̤ȥҪ֪Σͬϣ
ԷķʽԴţԾҪͬķʽرȥҿ϶ʮٱ
磬˼ˣ
֣صصͷܹ᳽еĸо
ûϹȥŷ˵ҾԺ磬ĳƺҪĸˣһ򣬾һ
ְ
ɫһӿҲ֪һԼ˵ע⣬ô鷳ͲͳܹܵģǰϲС⣬ҲСɣ
С⣬ֲ
ԴЦһȥ
״ƲƲ죬û볽Լƽϣ˿µľǳԻڳ޵УĻӰ쵽
ǰһĻԻ֪صġ
μų
߹ٳϵĶʮʦ׷׶ԳԹغ
Եͷֱӵ˷ǰĿģֻһҴǵѡһ齨һ֧飬ѵԺΪΪļ⵶һΪ˵ļ⵶ǱӵбǿöʵǵΣգҲʼαһ֮أԸμѡεģڿ뿪Ҳκν⡣
׷ų
Եһ£ʮʦȻһǵУŨŨ˷֮ɫ
ǽźܹΪųļ⵶ǵңǺڴܹųսɱķ
ǼȻӶųΪһӶţΣյ׼ȻǲᱻԼ仰ˡ
ң⼸仰ҲǽڵѪԸ
ų治һ˰
˵һĻ˸Ϊʹˣ뵽Եѡεȥ
ãҵĻشҺ⡣ôҾͿʼֱѡΣ˭ûѡϣҲҪ黳ǷѩӶŵĺֵܡ£Ƕϣ鷳㽫ҵøҿ
ͷӿռָȡһļݸԣǰҾǵȫˣЩϸǵļͥԼӶźо״ϸдȥųĿ
ˣ
΢΢ͷӹļ
ԿмݺɫɵЩΪϵǰЩĴʦȻ󲿷ֶǹһˣжûڡ
һǳҪģһ齨һ֧飬һļƻҲڼᷢʣĵһҪ󣬾ܹ֧еˣҪһˣ޹ʵ֡
ɺУ
ԷһļͻȻ̧ͷһ
£һ갺̤ϲ˷뼤ͺһʤ̵Ľ
Ժ֣ȻѡȻԵһ仰ȴ׹ѡ
뿪ˣ
뿪
ɺ˲ԭأһĲţΪʲôųΪʲôҪ뿪
̾Ϣһ֪뵽齨ĶҸոѾ˵ˣ֧Σգʱƺж޶ɣ⣬˭ȥͥأ
ͥ
ɺһгŨŨĲģųҲ뿪뵽ĶȥҼɡ
֪ңҲҪ͹۵ʵ⣬ǼеĶŸĵְѵΪҪҲսͲ˼㰲Σ˸⣬˭ĸĸ˭޶ãһûеˣҲս𣿡
Դ˵ĿǰһȺˣȵл˵ģȫվ
ʱžһضû˵ʱ䣬ûһ߳
ѵҸղŵĻԷ˵һΣл˵ģȫվȻ뿪ûվҲˣǱǸǲҳԵֵˣҳԲûֵܡĿһһɨ
ųǲ뿪


301 һҹ
ڣһ˳ʱΪ߳жȴ棬ڳǰųǸѣ
ųǸ㲢սɡ
˳溬ˮĹڳǰ
ԿһĻҲ̾һҡҡͷֵǣ֪Ҷ׷ңǻиҪҪȥǸңǽڣһڣΪҲ뿴Ǽʹ޵ӣԣ뿪ɣǻֵܣҲлᲢս
ų
˭ӣұ㽫ѩӶš
ǣų
ʦһվ溬뿪
ǲֳԣΪ˵ǶԵģǼжˣǽи̣ôΪʹģƱǵˡ
Ƕ֪ΪǺá
ꡭ
⼸뿪󣬳ĿǰΪߵĶ״ʦ֪꣬ĸ׾
Ȼ꿪ڻشѾߵǰųԹֵųһӹµΪΨһԸǿܹΪǰ淽ʱҿϣųĳ֣ҿϣˣ㣬ɾˣҾˣǿĵġųһΣ׷ߡ
˵ţҪȥ
æǰסǧȻ㶼˵ˣһҾ΢һΣ뵽齨ĶС
лų
ǰһֱӵϥء
ɡ
ЦЦóһ͵ӳĸףǿΪ磬ֻгΪǿߣΪֳֶΣʵϣ
ԶԴ˵ǲٶ˵ʲôǸ϶ʵ
󣬳Լѡ󲿷ֵ˻ǷҪģֻһΪܹصİˣЩмű޳ʣµܹʮˣǳɹأΪ˳齨ĶһԱ
ܹɹͨԵѡΣΪ齨ĶĳԱЩ˶ٶЩˣָҲǺԣΪ֮ǰ޳ˣɶһˮ뿪ġ
ѡѾʵǲңΪҶеһԱ
ǰĶʮˣ˸Цֽŵ֪֪ҽ齨һĶأ
˶ûлش𣬾ųԺĻ
΢΢һЦڿȷظǣҪ齨Ķ飬һҪΪ½Ϊļ⵶ΪµĲӣǵĵһǵ־ͻĺǵ뵽ǵ־ͻἤǣƱҪΪ½Ĵ˵񻰡ڣҸ֧֣
˼壬ϣԼ齨Ķ飬ܹʿš
ʮԵĻ֪ΪΣǵϣһɭɱŷ
ɱ⣬ǳΪߵǸеͷһȻǸоͺһȺħˡ
˵⣬ӽտʼС䵱ǵĽǽѵ
С⣿
ԵĻһȺ˸տʼЩɻ󣬲֪ԿеСָ˭ܿ죬ǵĿ˳Եķ
Ȼ찡û뵽ǵĽȻôһĸ֣иˡ
ǰһܹ״ʦһƳɵˣһĸ֣ңûĸ֡
֪ôѵǣڴ
˵ķӦһЦҽһ£ҽз񣬽ǵĽˡǶɱ̫ˣΪҵѵǱġ

Ļе˶ʱŴ۾
ҲˣϢһաһЦǵҵȥ
ǣ
Ӧ
Եͷתȥ
óԺͷԶʱһţΪ˷ܡ
Ȼǲȥһ㣬Ҳûȥĵطֱӷҡ
С⣬ûа취ڶʱڣǵΪȫһΣ
һңԱֱӿѯʵ
취УҪıѩӶжһг˵ıԶԶ΢΢ͷ˵
ԣԳһ̧Ŀ⣬÷ѩӶеԴǵʵ϶ԶԶİɽׯɣÿԽ𣿡
磬롭
¾ͽˡ
û⣬ǸƺЩҽȥ档
ţñ¶ݣһЩҪ鷳
ذȻû˸߽״ʦԷʵӦһУСʻ괬Ƥӵ£һлСΪ
ģȻҲ֪Ե뷨ͷ
󣬳ԱǿʼҲûдųԡ
һֱȵ賿ʱ֣Ȼ뿪ңûκ֪
ڷ뿪ʱ򣬳Խһ۾ֱˣڷǺܷĵġ
ԼĪһʱǷңϣŵѪζ
û°ɣվ
ȻһЦȻû£Ǹűҿһֻ֣ԺӦòˡ
˵ţгöռָݸԣǽĳɹˣ١ɽׯɵղḻӴ
𣿡
Ŀһֱſռָ͸ȥռָвľӡѾûκ谭أǽ뵽˿ռָС
ղأĽ
ϸϸſռָеĶԽϲ
ɽׯĿռָУܹг˱ʮ³˱𵤸ǳǧţڱʲôԵû⡣ɵղأǱȰɽׯҪ屶ʮг˱Լһټ³˱Žš
ЩֵܼʮѩӶŶȲϡ
ϸ˵Ҳһһҹˡ
ЩڲõԴ¡
磬㿴ʲô
ʱͻȻһһذס
׼ȷ˵Ӧһɵ
ǡ
ĿڷɵϣŷɵɢϢ̲סһݣϲϳ˵ı
һЦûһϳ˱ҴѳģҲǵõûãڻûüȫ
ѹˣ
ŻȻ޳ϳ˱ˣ϶뿪״ʦһϳ˱״ʦһСҲܵ˺
޳֮޷ɵΪɵвһ߽״ʦľӡǣƾΪҪһʱſԳ忪ѾľӡǸˣֱЦ˵


302 ռ䱦
ã
Ҳû˵ʲôһϳ˵ķɵȫԽʵٶһΡ
رǣɵʩչԪ˵ȡ벻Ч
ԥֱϥ£ʼɵ˽һʱǽϳ˵ıɵȫһϤ˷ɵĸüɣͬʱ÷ɵʩչԪ
һϵʱ䣬Ҳó÷ɵʩչԪ
÷ɵʩչԪ齣ʩչ󣬵ɵעص͵Ϯ˷ʤ
ټԪ׿µĽھ۷ʦǶԷһСģпܻ˲ɥʧķɵ֮¡
Ľ״ʦڵʵȴԷķƳˡ
峿ܼĽŲ
ҲǴ˽ųҰǶˡ
ɣ
Եһվ
ұ򿪣ȶʮ˷׷߽ңûжֱȥæԼˡ
ų
ҿռ䲢󣬶ʮվԵüΪӵһɻųԣ׳Ϊǵ
ǸеɻģǵĽȻڳ˵쿪ʼѵ
ˣҴǰѵĵطǶҪ
˵һһӣһŰİ׹ӿֱӽ˰ڣһȫ˷ռ䡣
ǡ
˽뵽ռк޲һĿܴѵǴ˵еĿռ䱦ھǼĿռ䵱У
ռ䱦찡ôܣͽ׵Ŀռ䱦ﵽ˺ײΰ
û뵽ųȻһռ䱦ǿ۽ˡ
ףܶްȽƺǺܸߣձ鶼ԪƷԪװƷİһƷҲͷѵĿռ䱦ޣҲֲ̫˰ɣ
ͷһ޺ͨûʲô֮Ψһ֮òеˡףͷʲôޣҾȻܵŨŨѹоңĶ֡
ָŲԶľХħ˵
ǱľХħߡ
ʱ֪ʱֵĳԿ˵
Хħߣ
˲ûмХħߣһʱûϳȴ˵ХħߵĿ֮ʱХħߵĿʱ𾪣ǵĽŲҲ֪
򳽻ʵųЩ޶㻿𣿾ȻľХħ߶ץˡ
΢΢һЦЩ޲һģǶҵľޣҲǵĺˡ
飿ųôǸԪ޵鰡ǵе㲻ðɣ
ǰųǶǴʦЩ޶Ԫޣ⡭
ԵĻ߶
ޣ
꣬ʱѾˣų˵Щ޶ľޣǲ˵㣬ǡʦ
ʦ
ĻΧŷӦһɫ㶵ųԣϰηӦ
𳽻ԷŻеġޡĸ֡
ޣֻбʦޣŽް
΢΢һЦû˵Ǿʦˡ
ȻǾʦ
찡ųųȻһʦ⣬Ҳ̫˼˰ɡ
ֹǲ˼鰡ֱǷ˼û뵽ųȥûʲô֮ʵǿһò񻰵ˣؼȻһʦڶɣųڼǰͷսҰǳԣ˭˭֧ʮˡ
˷ܵʵųʲôȼľʦˣ
԰ų޶ܿƣǲѾﵽ̽׾ʦˣ
ʦһֱ߸ΪְҵΪȽףÿȽַΪ³Ρ
ʦȻλܸߣʦĽѶȴ൱ߣرǵ˺ڣܹߵһǿ츳Ŭ˿ã
ʲôȽ׵ľʦ
ԶھĿƳ̶Ѿﵽ˿֮ȷһʦˣĵȼȴǲ
ˣҴǾʦ£ǾͲˡʱһͻȻԱߴǷ񣬡ҴĵȼǾ͵ǻƽϳ˺ˡ
ƽϳˣ
һһ
Ǿ͸СѵһһԼලǿ˭͵ˣǺÿġԵһǳСӥͰŭķȥ
ѵ£岻ʲô֣ģҲֵɡ
䣬뵽ԼѾǰʮ˵Ľڳһټףռ䵱еޣǿѡһͷΪǵҲǵĻ顭
ѡХħߡȷ˵꣬ǴһƺıƵġ
ǺǣХħûԣЦһûзԡ
л̹٣
лңȻûʾХħߵͬ⵱Ļ飬Ҳû취
һ۵ͬ⣿ö״ʦһƷѵʸΪĻ𣿡
ʸԾ֪ˡ
ԣôԣ
ܼ򵥣ŲԶһȺ޵ǿͷޣֻҪǰȥǩƽԼΪ顣һǧСЩޡ
СЩޣ
ԣĿ̲סڲԶһȺԪƷƷɨɨ͸¶ŨŨĲΪ⡣
ǶʮһǴʦѵʰЩޣƾǵʵ˵ԪװƷޣԪ׾ƷޣǶܹԸ
ܾХħ߾ͿԺǩƽԼôãھȥ
ȲХħߣпЦХħߣ꣬Ϊ飬֪㲻Ը⵱ҵĻ飿
ХħӴͷ­ת˵꣬ͫһ˿мʲôʸҵĻ飿
㡭
ԣտʼ꣬ӿֳŭ֮ɫХħȻǱһƷޣô˵ҲǶ״ʦʵȱһƷ޲ȥҪһ㣬ٶȱҪ죬ᳬХħߣΪХħҲһ㣬ӦΪ飬ȴû뵽Хħ߲ܾôϣһ˿
ȫԤϡ
ˣХħ߷սҿ㱣ֻ֤ҪܹܾХħߣֻҪܹھХħ֧ʮ룬ҾͨþХħ߳ΪĻ顣
һЦ˵
ʮ룿
ȻỳɷĻжʱӿϲ֮ɫ


303 ķڷ˰
ܾХħߣİյǺܴ󣬲֧ʮ롣
˵аٷְٵİգ
Хħߣ㷢սϣܹҵսžХħߴ˵
ХħߵƳһۣһ˿ζҲܾûˣȻսңҸһᣬְɡ
ã

£ǿٳ˳ȥ׺󣬽ż棬θԾһԪ۶ɵĳƿմХħߡ
ǿҲǴɢֱסХħߡ
óһҲǳȫСƾХħߡ
һɱȥѰĶ״ʦҲҪݱܷâ
ݡ
һȫһХħĿ˸£ŤӴһ

Хħ߲ҺӲӲʱ죬ЦһٶɱХħߡ
ÿһι궼ȫԸû˿֣Ŀĺܼ򵥣ҪѹסХħߣԼɵؼסʮ롣
Ĵһ˿ܾХħߵ뷨
ΧѹסХħߵˣ϶һ˿Ľ֮ɫ
ʵ̫ǿˣڵʵǿ׶ƷҲûˡ
ХħҲ̫ˣǱޣǰȴ֮ûУ˵Ǻ˰
Ѿȥ˶ʮ룬ϾҪշͷХħˣĽϧռֻͷޣԪ׾ƷҲûͷʵû취ǵøųҪҪȥѪɭޡ
ǰǵʵҲֻ޲УԪ޵ĻǺ˵ġ쿴ѾȥʮˣϾҪӮˡ
ȻҲйʱ䣬㵽ԼϾҪʤʱ϶ʱӿֳһĨϲ֮ɫХħߣϾҪֵʮˣȻ㻹֣Ҿ͵ˡ
Ԫ
ݡ
£еԪȻһĽؼԪ·ܵĳǣ˷һӿеĳǸ°Хħߡ
һг˵ĽʩչѾǴﵽ֮״ʦµ߶Եֵ
࣬Ҹ湻ˣⳡĵıҲýˡ
ȻΪԼƾ׽ϾͿԻܾХħʱһмȻĶС

һ̣ХħߵľβƿջųѿռĿֲϢǰͲĻᡣ
ôܣ
һĻд󾪣þХħߵľβ䵽ϣʮа˾Żˡ

дһѾǽȥһת˾Хħߵľβֵܹһ
ӵĽ֣ѾΪХħŶôǿʵһҲһ㣬ɱͲ˺
꣡

ȻХħߵľβ䵽ʱԪɵĳȴͬ㣬ɷ顣
ХħߵľβҲ˲ײؿϡ
оͺһɽ£û˿ֿ˳Ϻ״ŵϵȥ
⡭
·˼״ʱŴͣϰزǰһ̻ƴõ꣬ȻתۼͱХħһ
ǰһ£ЦþХħˣûʲôˣոնֻ㲻ҲҪϼͷ
ܡôôǰǻһֱѹס𣿡䵽ϣŲԶľХħ߳˲š
ܿ죬ˣԭХħǰһֱңһֱҼ˶ʮ룬ųֹң
˾ͺãķڷ˰ɣ
Цһ˵Ҹ㣬ХħȻһƷڵս״ʦһܹĻһоͿԻ㡣
÷⻰˶ʱһڿˮг𺳡ڷ⻰ԣڸոռʶХħһû˿ֵ֮ǸͲȥɡ
Ǹֲļһ
ʱ䣬ХħߵĿ⣬¶һη֮ɫԺҲֲĹˡ
ǡͷأʱ겻ɵٶȽĿ˲Զֻޣֻˡ
Ȼ޷Хħ߳Ϊ飬Ǿ˶Σһ޳Ϊ飬жܹƽһ㡣
ȻĻȴһ⣬˵Ǻǣҿȷظ㣬˵ХħֻͿ׵ػ㣬ôֻҪͿԻ㡣

˶ʱŴ۾ر꣬иһ£ԼոûҪսͷޣȻ涪ˡ
һȺֲļһﰡǵĿڲ֪䣬ڲԶĳԣų֮ɫӿ
ųҲ̫ţˣҪôµֶΣſ޵սԶȽװ
ˣǻǹԹԵؽĿ궨ԪϰɡҲҪЩ޻ĺȣЩ޿ȥֻԪƷƷƷǵսԲ򵥡ָŲԶٶͷԪ˵
Щھʱÿһֻ޵ʵ࣬ԽսһЩ츳΢ЩģԽס
ã
һ£Щ츳ʵʦǲٽЩԪײˣ׷ǰѡԼеޣս
ȻЩʢЩΪӶǣҲսսḻЩԽսޣȫԸ֮£Ҳǻ˸ԿϵޣΪ顣
սڼȴǷһֲ飬ǾǣЩ޾Ȼ˹սͲѰܱȽϡ
ս£˵Ļ鶼ȷ󲿷˵Ļ鶼ԪװƷޣʵǿЩԪ׾Ʒޡ
ڼʶԼʵвû˿زǷǳ⡣
˵ȻѾȷԼĻ飬ôǾͿʼһѵ
һѵʵܼ򵥣Ǳ
´һѵʼ󣬱Ƿһ׹
ϳ˹Ѫӡ
׹ڵγһѪӡڹżĺôԽսпܡ
ڷһóһϳ˹Ȼֵ𾪣뵽ǿµʵԼԸӿµֶΣҲͲˡ
彲˵һѵɱ׼˶ʱɴ۾
ڣҪǽѪӡž硣
ڷϸǽѪӡǲ·ټǶڷҲžη֮ģԶûеȥֱڷռ
磬᲻ܹѪӡСɾ磿˿ʼ󣬷˳ԣҲǽ


304 ѵ
Կһ۲ԶˣѪӡ׹ȻûղĽһ׶ԾȽҪĹҪɹ츳Ҫ󼫸ߡղŸǵĽžӦѣҪﵽСɾеˡ
׹Ҳǿǵĵӣ츳ڵģǿص
һֵ磬Ȼ֧ĽǷս»ҪǡϾҵݣܶೡ϶ֱع⡣
ԣüͷҲȻ֪⣬ȻѾԻʵ̫ˣһ֪Ǵ˵еķӡ飬Ի鷳ҲǳΪû÷ֱӵ죬Ҳǽԭ
Ժлᣬٸһɡҡҡͷûȥ룬齨Ҫۺʵ
ʱԳ֮⣬Ҳ۲һڷѩӶŵһȫ
ʱȥеԱһͣ
ʱϵϢѾǷ췭ظı仯ÿϣһŨŨѪϢͺһþսĽһ񶼿סˡ
ȻǶѪӡ֮
ס껹
ǰȥȴǿʱȻڵûվ
ʱϸķͻȻ磬ҪѪӡСɾˡ

͵ո£ϵϢȻԭȵĶڴʦһԾ˶׺ڴʦرǾǸһּʵ֮УֱӴﵽ˶۷ʦĲΡ
ңϵѪϢΧҪǿ
ѪӡСɡ
꣬ϲˣ
վǰȥЦ˵
лųл
Ϊͻƣֻ΢ĸˣ˿ûΪʵеΪǳ΢ڷʵ״ʦı̬ǰûñȡ
ڳԡ
뵽ԾʦǸݣȵͷûС
ңΪܹȫǳİûзĹҪͻƵ׺ڴʦ֪Ҫá
ΧĿ⣬Ҳ¶Ľ걾츳ΪͱǿǲûоԼòá
һѵɵغܺãôǼڶѵ񡣡ĿɨһȦڶѵͲһôͨˡ
͡
˵ţһӣһȦɫԣɢǰ۳һǽ
ǽûκϢɢǽһּΪ⻬ĸо
ڶѵܼ򵥣ոɵĹǽ顣һǽ飬ôǵĵڶɡ
ǽˣǽӲ𣿡
һԣɵǰһԪȫһȭ

ȭͷǽ֮ʱȴоԼȭͷڼӲޱȵľ֮ϣûǽһ֣ǽʹޱȡ
ôˣû°ɣæǰסʵ
ҡҡͷɫ𾪵صû£磬ǽ̫ӲˣȫһȭȻһ£ֻȫ֣ſԽˡ
Ļ겻ɵýĿԱߵĳԺͷһ˿ѯ֮ɫ
ͷǿȫ֣ңһͬǸʱ䡣ʱʲôֻҪǽˣѵ
죿
ԣ˲ûиеˣüͷ
ΪǺȻ˵ǿһ֣һʱ䣬ǱȻ˵Ҫ׵ƿǽǲܵ顣
ã
ֱӵͷȴûæʩչߵǽ֮ǰϸϸع۲
һĻ͵ص˵ͷû˵ʲôߵԶֱϥ
ɷ֮۶ɵǽֻдﵽʵǿߣſƵĿ
Ҳ˵ǹûﵽ൱״ʦȫһƲǽ
ʮȻŴʦϵΪƿǽʵǲܡ
磬ܹʱƿǽ𣿡
ߵԣЦʵ
ҡͷֻѰӶţе츳վ̫һ㣬ϡǲǳӶţǳԾľӣһ߿ܡԣ㲻ָһǿ϶޷ƿǽ
ԭһ۾Ϳ˰ٺЦ
Ȼоͷûκη֣ͷʱҲ˺üֹ
ȻĽȴһ⣬޷ǽһ
˲òһʵоȥ˵죬ʮ£Ҳƿǽ
֮£˷񣬡ǽʵ̫ӲˣƲָ㡣
̧Ŀ⣬һĨЦ⣬ϵƵģƵصҪƿǽķֻһǾ֣ﵽһ̶ȣȻƿǽ
ǽǸոõľ
ûڹʱȻתѪӡǲδѪӡʩչ
⡭
ҪѪӡȫӳ֮Ҫ󼫸ߣҵƾǶʮˣǽѪӡ̶ȷӳҲþܹƿǽ񵭵˵
һôƵÿǽ
˸۵ѵˣǳжʮˣжʮô
ǣˣ
ҲǴôһ˵ȫˣѡ飬ѪӡΪƿǽ׼
ʱ䣬Ϊȥоǽʱ䣬ȥ̶ھǱʮ˵ۺǱȫھתΪʵ
ǰǽ˵Ƿøǵѵ񣬻˵ǵѵɹ
ңҲǷǵҪ
ȥ¶һĨ֮ɫ귴Ӧͦǲ֪ܲܽѪӡľھ
ȻҲΪ⣬ָ̾£ָʱѵǻƲǽɾͣҲʿſ⡣Ҳֻʹˡ
ʱ䣬˲ȥоƿǽ£Է֯ѵ
Ƕʮһ𱾾˲ʱ䣬һĬȣѵ൱Ѹ٣һʱ䣬ǵϾʹﵽ˽⻹ǵĻ飬ʮͷޡ


305 ǿԪ
ȻѵʱǶʩչѪӡ
ռУһ֧ʮɵĶϣĿǰͷϣӿһ㵭ѪɫƲʣΪ죬ɢŨŨѪɱϢ

һ̣еıͬʱǰնɱʮѪӡʱڳЩѪӡδֱӼȥ˲ǰתѸγһһɳѪӡ
䣡
̶һѪӡΪ׵ǣ£ǰȻѹȥһɿֲǰдԼһֿռѵ졣
еСɾˡ
ԺͷһĻ΢΢ͷһʱ䣬ûٸʲôָ㣬ԼѵܹĳɾͣԺͷΪ⡣
Ҳһ˷ܣܹܳһٴﵽĽ״ʦȫһ붼ȥġ
Ҫ֪Ľ״ʦѾнףĸ۷ʦԶԸ£ǶʮȥԸһ۷ʦΪѣû뵽̶̼ʱȥǶʮ֣ȻԿĽ״ʦ
Ƕ˵̫ˣڱֳĺϻʵƿǽءǸ˵ʱ򣬷һ˹ȻѾЩ·Ҳøһָˡ

һĹ
ͷǵȻܲȴǽϵʵӳ˶ѣǲûȫѪӡ׹ܸھ⣬ҲûнǻʵҪսϣǳԿġ
ҪôѵźãѪӡʱϾ̣Ȼ޳ΪԼ飬˴֮ദʱ䲻Ĭȿ϶ԶԶһ㣬ҪʱĻۡ
Ѫӡľ裬ʵڹ
ʲôľ費ڹǡ
˶һ𾪡
˵ͷΪѪӡעصһƣսѪһҪնϷɰݵƣʩչѪӡʱûκƣ̸ȫӳ
ˣ
÷⻰˶ʱȻѹǶоʩչѪӡʱܸоƺⲢѪӡܣȴ֪ܷӵóôһָ㣬Ƿ·ඥ˲͸
Ǽѵû˵ʲôصߡ
磬ʲôƺ붫ɵѯʵ
ЦŵҲûʲôǰٳѡλʱͿʼˣ֪ѩûй
ѩӰ߶һ
˳ĬƬ̣۲ԶˣͻȻųԵ磬ǵͶûʮ壬ʸμӰٳѡΣ㿴ҪҪһμӣ
ҲμӰٳѡΣ
üͷһҵǲԣǵɣԸμӰٳѡΣҾʹһμӰٳѡΡڵĻҿǲֱȥ洫˰
磬֪˼Ǿ㹻ݣͿԻôԴʵʵ㶼νģڴУȻҪؼǿĹֵңԴҲԼ취ãֻҪʱˣ
µȵʱٿ
˵Ҳʱ䣬ȵɡ

ѵ˲עȫʩչǽķƵϡ
һ̣һαһʱ䡣
Ϊƣ˲ϵظԼֳУɱǣ£һһһǰҵӴƣ𽥵ϸֳ
ȣ
ʮ˶ȻһȣǿƵǣ£һɿֲܣǵɢһѪɫŨѪӡҲǰγɡ
䡭
ûκγɵع飬
䡭
һ˲δͣ£ĻµޣȻǰ壬ÿһǿ󡭡
һǰҡ
ƣ𽥵شӳΣ졣
硭
һĻǵһĨϲ֮ɫ򳽻ԡ
򳽻ʱȴǼóվִ齣һɵѪϢ𽥵ش
ǡƺʲôһĻϲ
ڷż˱ֲƣֳʱһ뵽һֿԼϵ
׼ȷ˵ǿԪ
ݡ
һ̳Ӵܶʱ齣бŷգз·ε
Ԫ
ݡ
Դ̳һ󣬲δʹֹסٶȳ
ͣس
ͣسϵѪƣԽۻ룬զһȥһ־þɳĸо
еϢҲǶһǿҵѹȸУ֮ˡ
ݡ
ꡭ
һ̣ٶȻӳһ
зžҵ
һĻԶˣʱŴͣ
һǺܴ󣬵ӵӴѪϢȴǸһּȵѹȸС
Ի޷ԿĽ״ʦһȴ״ʦʱԸõؽ֮

һͻȻоԼľһͺողǾһҵս̲סϢ
ҿѵ
ԶΧˣĿ˵һϥѸٽ뵽״̬
˶˵֣Լľ·Щ仯Լ䣬һ˿ͻƵļ
ѵҪұѵǲǣ˲Դʱ״ȴǲ˳Ծϸ΢仯ҲЩͶ˴ȵ
ǣ
Ȼ˼æٶɶΣѪ֮ںХ
һδεѵϵѪϢǿøŨ
תۼ䣬ǽʱȥʱ˵ѪӡﵽСɾ磬ر꣬ϵѪϢȥ㱼սϵһ
Щһľ˲ٰ󲿷˶ͻƵ˶״ʦͻƵ״ʦû뵽ѪӡȻߵľ
ֵͽ׵ĹΪص㲢ԣֻǵһطڷռУͲ֪¼ĽΪϲΪļƻ͸ˡ
ֵǣѵ죬Ҳüǵĳɹˡ
궸Ȼһ
һȺһ˷ܣ⼸ʱܹظܵԼΪҲ֪Ƕʮ˺ϻһֺεȿµĲΡ
ɱ
ֲѪɱɭȻϢͬ籩㣬ϺХһ˶ѪӡͬʵʰǰΧԪͣسӡ´۶ȥ


306 Ϣ
䡭
һ̣Ŀ£ѪӡȻǰɷ֮۶ɵǽȥ
飡
һҵ˲䴫ֲƻֱӽֻ״ʦȫһǽɷ顣
ɹˣǳɹˡ
һĻһ㶣ӿϲ֮ɫһ˷ܵشΪؼ
ڽܷѵ֮ǰǸû̶̵ʱ䣬۷ʦⲻ˵ǣھȻܹ״ʦ

˷ڼ䣬ͻȻܵǵĲԶҲһǿľ
Ž׺ʦ
ҾŽ۷ֻһ֮ң
ųΪҲˣ
ȻԵľֻоŽ׺ʦǶʮ˵κһ͵ö࣬ǲԵľһΪ𾪡Ľʵ˷̶ܳȣҲǼ˲١
𳽻ǾȫͻƵ˶״ʦʲôֵø˵ģ
ڴҵľ˲٣ͰǽԪΪҲȥɡ
Ц˵ǰٳѡˣȳȥһˡ
õĴ磬Сʱʱ䣬ҾͿԽǵԪǾͬĲΡٺЦ
Ե˵ͷҲ˵һʧ˷ռ䵱С
Ѿ棬ѾȺʱ
ϣ֪ǲʲôҪ£߳ңֱʵ
ϲųΪ
Ŀ䵽ϣܿͲԵľ˾Ž׺ʦϢΪʵȻΪ˲٣δϹֱ˵ųλִǰã˵Ҫ̡
ִ£ģ
˿ڴ
ڹȥ
˵ţֱӳŴķȥ
״ĿȻһ壬¶ŨŨɻ֮ɫΪ鹴׼ҺͻңѾ˷ѩӶţӦûѩӶŽӴˣû뵽ڲŹ죬ذǶûһ߽״ʦ£Ȼִǰãóִµʱ˵ΪµƵġ
ѵҲδǷѩӶţȻĻִΪλų
¼̬ȣɻͬʱҲǴܳһͷԽȥԽÿԼ󣬵̲סһ°ƣˣҿ϶ûȫѩӶţȻʱүͲԳôˡңҵǧ𰢽С㣬ƺųͦ˼ġѪɭֵޱ֮ǰҵĳûи£ɰСųչ
뵽һŲϵ࣬ʱؾ
ûҼ룬ӿŲų׷ȥ
ԹӣŵˣʵڱǸ
Ժߵҵִ±æλվųԹرȭ
ֹȫǷģû˿
ǰǿնɱ飬ǿɶڳˣȫķڷ
һĻУȴ˲ɴӣײƵġ
֮ǰܲܽ˴λᣬ޸ѩӶźҵĹϵȴû뵽ִ£ǰųҲҪͿĴʱռԣȻͱԼĹ̬ȡ
⡭ȫ߸ǵ˼ά
λ
Եһʵ֪λк飿
һִµԹӣص˿ѪɭޱѾؼӾ磬Ϊ£ٳѡαƳµʱˡʱ䣬뱨μӰٳѡεˣҪǰѪɭɱޡ
˵ʲôٳѡƳˣΪѪɭޱԣüͷʱ
Ϣ˵ʵ̫ͻȻˡ
ִ˵ǵĳԹӣڽ峿ѾϢҪμӰٳѡεˣҪǰѪɭɱޣﵽһĹֵ󣬷ɵõμӰٳѡεʸ񡣡
նɱ޻ȡֵ
Գһ΢΢˵ͷޱ˵һΪҪ飬رѪɭʦʦᴩյأǧǧΧ֮ضпȴʦޣ˵ڲˡ
紫ţѪɭǿޣԿеʦֻ޻ϲְˡ
Щʦޣ˵Ҳһѣһޱ޷ƣʹ޴򣬾Իɾ޴ʧ
Ѫɭɱ޻ȡֵҪȥŵǼǱ𣿡˵
ִµǼǱģҪǰţذǻ̳ǣΪ˷£нţһеһִ°ѳֻ֣ҪǰŵǼһˡ
ãлˡԱ˱ȭ
ִ°ֵԹӿˣʵЩǼϢ
壿
ǵģԸǣԹҪǰѪɭֵĻǸ߱İΣִ¹˵Ҽ֪ǰɽׯǰ鷳º󣬷ǳŭ˵һعݺݽѵ޳⣬˵ŸӶŴ鷳ذǺ󣬻ǰѩӶţҽ֮¡
ʲôҪǷѩӶŽˣ
һǰ飿⡭ôܣ
ִµĻ𺣵˶ʱŴ۾١
ǵģǼ׿˵ģִ¿𺣣ûΪѩӶǵκԽУҲûΪΪﵽ״ʦԽС
ԭǳվǰӵĿ¡
ѩӶźҽˣǷѩӶŵõô˫Ӯ
һ㣬ΪͬǼ˫ľ

ȷû٣𺣶˵˫۶ʱһƬ졣
ʱǻΪΪѩӶŶᱻҸû뵽ת۲չҵļȻ˵ҪǷѩӶŽˡ
׼ǰ޾˵ģѩӶŲҹϽʲô˼ˡΪѩӶŵѾǿûʸȥˣģѩӶŽˡ
ΪѪɭֱѾˡ
𺣶ҲǳǷѩӶŲûôܹģѩӶֻһˡ
ųԣ
лų
𺣶ͬʱԳԹرݺᡣ
ǴڷѩӶţȻϣѩӶϣڷѩӶżûɢ£Գˡ
ûгԣڷ׼һҹұɱǷѩӶžͿܱɢ塣
ûгԣ֣Ͱ޳Ѱ鷳ʱǷѩӶſ϶Ӵʧ
ûгԣѩӶŲлԻ͡
գѩӶŲرҷչƿνһǧǰ˾ңҪǽˡ


307 ǿ
ȻԻͣڼǰ붼ȥ롣
ǺǣѾǷѩӶųȻΪӶ롣֪˵˼˲ִµѪɭһȥλñңȻĻҴ˴֮оûκˡ
ǡ
λ²ýĻ뿪ذǰѪɭڼ䣬λǷѩӶţտһΣЦе˵
ԣִ¶ʱΣ֮ǰ˫˵ԿܻὫڷѩӶţʼ˫ôʱ˫ӳԵ
ⲻòǸ̾޳ѩӶŻҪǵɫ£ִ£ȻҪȥ䵱ѩӶŵڡ
һ˷ܺͼˣҲÿԳᣬҵִ´ùϵϵˣ˵״ʦִ£ָһǵΪʵȡһЩͻơ
һִ£ԼǷҡ
Ž׺ʦԪΪȻҲȥƽ⡣
һʱԵԪΪ뾫ﵽƽ⣬һɴﵽŽ۷ʦ
ʱҲǽ˵Ϊһȥ
ԪΪͻƵ״ʦʮҲﵽ˶״ʦϢʵ޷ԽսͬкѰ
󣬳Խ˵ΪȻһ𾪡
û˷ʱ䣬ڷԸһЩ󣬱Ǵ뿪˷ѩӶţŵһȥ
ΪٳѡΣΪ̳Żذǣ˿̿ǰ֣ӿ
ûЩĴ£ٳŵȥ
ʮӺһߴĸ¥ڳԵߵС
ųŵһˣ˵ذǵĵڶˡָǰĸ¥˵
üͷһ壬ʵذֻڵڶ
Ȼ֪ӿӿֲǺ
˵ͷûȻӿɣֻɣʵӿһʵǾǿ

ǵģигˣΪﵽʦΣʦǿҲǧ֮ǿͲˡ
ȷһǿ
Ե˵ͷҲһʶ
Ҳٶԣȥ
һӿĶӴ
ųǰǵǼǵĵطˡ
ָǰһվ˲˵ĵط˵
˳ָķȥǼǸطȻŲŶӵǼǣҲʮˡ
ҲȥŶӰɡ
Ե˵ͷߵȺŶӡ
걾뿴ܲǰȥ˵˵ûȵǼǣѾʼŶӣҲȥ˵ʲô˳Ե
ǼϢֻҪ䡢ڳǳػǰΪУҸǼǵҲ˶ʱ䣬ӵʱ䣬ֵ˳ԡ
𳽻ߵǼǵһԼĪʮӣȻϢΪޣȻܹܵõʱɢݳ״ʦϢ
ɹȻ鴫
а̾ذ߽״ʦϵȫѪɭ֣㶼ó״ʦ̿ɼһߡ
ӿ˳һۣʵ
ԡ
䣿
ʮˡ
ĸǳزμӰٳѡΣ
ǡ
ʲôΪˣ
š
ϴ磬еʱ䣬ȰҵǼһ°ɡڳԸҪشʱͻȻһӰֱվǰ棬˵
ԣȴû˿У˵ͷëƷ壬ôڲӿһǰʮ֣ɾǼˡ
ٺ١ⲻæëƷһʮͷӡ
ĿëƷɨۣ͵ص˵ͷΪѾѾȹڶ״ʦˣֶΣ״ʦҲ濹⡣㻹üͰȻܿͻᱻսҰģǰʱϵϢҲʵ˲ٰ޷ڵᲢۣҲȥԶˡ
ӿһУëƷеھţڷսҰһ
ëƷ岻ΪƲƲ죬дЩмζ˵ʮǰսҰһ߽ʦԣʮھȻ޷ܶԷȻʱֻҲ˵ʵͲֵһᣬ治֪ǰô֧һеġ
ģȫڵȴŵĳԣ֪ëƷǱΪŵľӢȫû⣬Ҳֵøùϵ
üͷ΢΢ţҪ˵ʲôѾ̲סιëƷ壬㵽׵ǼǲǼǣǼǵĻÿòãųŶء
ˣëƷʲôʱֵܽˣ
ëƷһĨ֮ɫת۳Ժ꣬ڳ൱İֱۣǷѩӶŸųĶɣǸϼһôܽģȻǰСУϹһȥøƽϡ
ʲôȻ˵Ҹס
ŭһǰ̤ĿҲŭëƷ塣
ţҵ˼ֱǷˣҪֽѵˡëƷɱҪ֡
ëƷ壬ס֣
ȻʱͻȻһëƷڣǷȼǼǡ
ϴ硭
˵
ӰظëƷ˸ɫϵëʵǼ
ԾؿǰһĻû˵ʲôֻǵͷһǼǵϢ
ëƷ壬ʮһ꣬ǻɣ׳ڴʦ
ԭӿһеھŵλ
۽⵭ƳһëƷ壬ջĿ⣬ûᡣ
ţԽԼϢ꣬˵ϢҲȫֽ꣬һת뿪˵Ǽǵĵط
ϴ磬ոΪֹҳֽѵǸСӣ
ڳԵȫ뿪ӷеëʣɫصеֽߵ˺󷽵һСУ߽䣬ѾȺʱëƷ弫Ϊʵ
ӽеֽݸëƷ壬㿴ֽϢ
ëƷϽֽ˹ĿɨԵϢʱȻֱӹˣȻֻʮ꣬Ϊʦ࿴һۡ
ţ
ܿ죬ëƷĿ˵Ϣϡ
£ɫ˲䣬ʲôΪȻͻƵ״ʦˣҡһȺˣȻﵽ״ʦˣ⡭ôܣ
֪˰ɣһո꽻֣ԿĿ϶㡣


308 
˵ëƷʣȻδֳεصҲţȻʵѾ״ʦ濹⣬ҿԸ㣬겻Ѱ״ʦϣҸܵһϢȻҲȷϢʲôһӹɣʵԱǿ
ëƷ⣬˵Լʵ죬޷Լҳʵɡ
Ȼµ룬ᣬЩɻ˵һµҸеͦɻģǸԵˣȻƺΪų
ʲô𣿡
ЩӶڱչأ鲻ӵͷʮǰΪ鹴׼ҺͻңѩӶŲҵҸȫǰѪɭֺѩӶгԹİɽׯׯ֣ԼŰ޳ֱǰѩӶţĽ
ô
Գ֣һ֣ǣ֣һնɱ޳һƳɡӵЩǴţҲûۿ
ëƷͫ΢΢𣬡һƳɰ޳ôǶҲ൱״ʦʵֵؼʱھȥ֤һܳиˣǸ˾ԼҶὫɱ
˵꣬ëƷ岻ٵʱ䣬뿪
ǸëƷ̫ˣΪԼеʵĿˣողϳɰţһҪÿ߳һξ߷˵
Կһۣÿѵ֪ʲô𣿡

ЦһǷŭصΪһɣ·ͱ˸ˡոûжų񣬲ȻǻɵˣҲܾôŹ
ҡҡͷˣûҪȥƽϣΪƽϲûκκôǿĵˡ
ǡ
ûпǣѵýѵһٳʱеˬ죬ô𣿡
ԴĻٶԣֱųſȥ
ųİɣ׼ûߵЦļ򣬿첽ϳԡ
Ⱥӡ
ʱ
ųǱߺֵͦģǲʲô·Ե߳ذʱָǰһΧһȺ˵ĵط˵
ԿȺһۣҡͷᣬڵĿǰѪɭնɱޡȻǵնɱһͷԼʵԵȵޣҸǵҪǣʱÿ˶ҪնɱһͷԼʵԵȵޡ
ʲôһͷ
ԣʱ
Ϊô򵥵ʱ䣬һͷԼʵԵȵ޶޷ɱҲضǱ̫ˡԵ˵
Ҫһ֧ʿŵĶ飬ҪѪĿ顣
ɱ¾õķ
ǣų
æͷǿɲóԶǷС
̶̼ʱ䣬ʵǶڳѾǺޱΡ
λˣλóذǣ£ð㣬˲С˹һʶʱȺһһ˿ѹŵĵŭ
ɼ˵⻰ǺεȲʡ
£һŮӵҲǰǵеķŭûκεˣ⼸쵰ϸԺǸ
޴磿̣
ȷ˵˵ݣǰϵãԺָ򽣡ߣã̡
Զ£һЩ鷳ҵãһξȻŭȳ̶ȣʲôˣȻҳԵá
ԵĽŲȻͣǰһ̻ƽˮȥһͨ˵ϺȻһɿֲɱͬһħ񣬽
ų
˶ŴʦϵΪͻȻĿֲɱɫ󺧡
ߣ
ûϸ˵ֱתȺȥ
졭ȥų·
״Ʋʲôæһ첽ǰȥǰȺȫƿޱȰԵǸǶ״ʦϵΪЩƿҲǸŭԡ
ʲô˾Ȼģѵ֪ǺԶ𣿡Ⱥм䣬һģŭһԴֹ߳ʱɵֶԳԺȵСӣĹôô£᲻ܽ£ĻܽΣ
ԸͲȥһۣĻҲǳţĿֻǿǰˣһӰڵϣɫһ䣬æǰȥԺˣû°ɣ
ˣԺԺɽʱĳɽһذӡȻǸոձ˴ˡ
Сӣ˭ģϲĸովȻʶôضҳ֣ڵ˭Ҳ׼˭Ļ˭ǺҹȥȵԸ˷ɫһҰСӣȻҵ˼
£ȻųԱȥеİƳųȥ
Կ
״վڳ򽣺ͳ̶Ϊϲɫ˲䣬æȵ
һССľŽʦǰΡЦһ״ʦӴչֳ
״Ҫ
£һ˽
꣬ӿ޾ı
ϡ
һ̣е齣ȻϣѪ䣬һֻƼѪɳȺ
ҵ֣
ʹһԼĶְ
磬û°ɣ̺򽣵˶æǰϲ˵¡
ǿǿóոǸһǳĽɫʦΪĳɽԷһƶ㲻뿪ԺҲһʱ䣬ʱ뿪ʱ򣬲ŸոͻƵһʦûãȻͼʶԵĿֲٶȣҲԲóһ״ʦ
ʦʹʦ֮䣬ͺñߺʦͲᲢۡ
ңǿ֪Է󣬻һΪֲǸǣͺñһԱһׯ
֮֮
û£
ҡҡͷӿռָͳһ˵ҩݸɽԺŵҩ̷ȥ
ɽҲǽ֮ˣȻ֪ŵҩأ̷ֱȥԣǽд鷳ˣЩ˺ǺԶɵˣܹǵġ
Զɣ
һɫû̫ı仯
ԶҲһ뻪ɻüȵ࣬ԶٻЩɵڡ
Գϵʵ޷Զɿ⣬ǲ塣
ֻҪٸһʱ䣬һССĶˣԲ⽫ֱĨ
ۣ֮


309 ɱ
̣˵ǳϵΨһˣַۣ
ԵﳽԣֻҪûдĵߣƽϡһͼ˺ọ́ӣҲҪŭ
ô£ôϺԶɣ
ɻѯһ
һǣǸոǸС˵˳̣ҪóǼ죬ҺʦȻͬ⣬ȻǾͶˡ
ϳ̣Ŀ䵽ϣŷֳ̽յĴ缫߷񣬺شһƵģʣȷǺԡ
ǣⲻǳԭ¶Էɡ
򽣼Դ̣æһǺþû㣬ذǻ㣬ԲŴһ
ԣüͷ΢΢һ壬ǿڵԺ󲻱ô˼ǲ磬ҲǱŮܹȵġ
硭
ոĸ˵ҪģԴϳ̵Ļʵ
磬˰ɣǶǵġ
Ե񲻻ưոݣæ˵»ὫԽԽ󣬴ӶԴ鷳
ɽҲ̾һԣҿ˰ɣҲû̫ʧ֮ǻ׼ٳѡε£˵ѪɭֵޱٳѡƳ£ҪμӰٳѡεˣǼϢȻѪɭնɱһͷԼʵԵȵޣ⵹һΣյ鰡
Ժİɣ½
ҡͷһЦˣԷҲܻô˵
ңҲܾôˣ
һСӣնһµһֻ֣ҾͿô
ʱͻȻ߳ʮӰŽԵ˸Χڡ
Щ˵Ϊ޲Ǵﵽһ״ʦ
˵ˣһʮͷˣִӿŶ۷ʦϢɭһּΪΣյĸо
Уӿһеߡ
ԽƳһۣĿǿԵӡ
ӣеΣյ
״ʦ
ְɡ
ĿֱӻУͲ˵ϻ
СӣһŽ׺ʦȻͼҽ֣ҿֱǻòͷˡ
ŭЦϵıϢŨԵĻѾشĵɱҪô͹ԹԵعҿͷǸȻǸŮ͸ҡҪô͸Լ׼һײġ
л£ΧųԵһȺϽǱǿơ
˲ý
Χ˿һĻǰ̾Ϣһ
СӿҪùˣ˺Զɵˣֺԣǻòͷˡ
˵ŰԵҼΪݶڳذǣǵڶɱ˶£֪᲻Сһ
ǸСʵҲеʵո͵Ϯ֮Ҳһն˻һֻ֣ϧڻмҪչˣȻĻ˵ӵء

ӣߡҺһԣӵĺҲֻ·һ˵ۣЦų˵Сӣôһзģ㻹ͷһȷҪԣ
ص㻹˵ЩûĻҿɾȶˡ
ڻУѾ˱ɱıǩͲ˷ѿࡣ
ãһн²ɱ
ûʸ֪ҵ֣
ݡ
¡¡
Ż£ԵζȻǰ壬齣һ֮ĽѪϢ˲ѹС
ЩֶΣȻִҾͳȫ㡣
м˿ԼӣҲŭգеĳ˲ϣȻնɱ۷ʦԪһ޿ɵֵƣѹ򳽻ԡ
磬Сġ
״̵ǵؾһ
С㲻صģų¡ǰЦŵ
ޱȵģǸ˺ǿǸһ״ʦûһǿһ״ʦôӮ
ǰҾ˵Ǹ˻ӿһеڰ˵ȻеʵҲǵĶְǺͳԹϵӦòɣǰﳽԡæ깪˵˲ԾͻΣա
æӣոտǿ򽣹úܣϵ϶ͬһ㣬ɲҳһ񣬡һССĶ۷ʦκβųȻǶ۷ʦųǰ
ǺͳԽֵģʱ볽Խʱһоͽܣ޻֮ҵʱоǲǳԵȫʵԵʵֻɲݣ˵ۺʵѾ״ʦҲΪǳԵĶ֡
ǰڷռʩչһ׽ܹܵĳ˵ʵ״ʦ¾״ʦǳԵĶ֡
⡭ģûƭǣͣĻ˶ʱŴͣһš
ǿ֪ڶ̶һ֮ǰ뿪ǵʱΪҲһʦʵ΢ǿЩȶʦҪЩһʦǶʦ۷ʦɲһ
ѵԽֻһʱ䣬ͽĨˣ
ûѯʣ˵ĿȫͶǰĳԡ
ڻбֲƺ󣬳Բأִ齣̶ֱһǰ
꣡
齣ĽбԪƴһ𣬿ռз·
һ̣ڵԪԼͬһʱӿ뵽齣С
һɿֲϢ˲齣ϺХѸ׵شɱеǰ
Ϣǰһ̻ԷĻУͫ׵жʱ¶ŨŨɫʣΪӳϣܹظܵһǿҵΣϢ
ָо۷ʦĽ״ʦʱй
ɱ
ܹΪӿһǰʮҲǱ˿ֱӽԼǿʩչ˳ͼһٽԸնɱʡ÷
ס֣
ʱ״ʦ޷ٱƽȻһ
ס֣ΪʲôҪס֣һﲻҷһɱѾǶ⿪ˡиᣬοǰ塣
ݡ
Ŀǰû˿ľٶͫ׵ӿŵɱ벻м
Ԫ

ͻȻܱܵ߿ͻȻԾ߳ѹֲѪϢֱӽܱԪɢǿҵѹȸУŨŨΣϢɫޱ䡣

һ̣иоԼһд̳ĳǱֱ𿪣󳽻е齣ֱѸߵзŴ󡭡

зһֵĴС
꣡
ӦģʵԪĽֱƿؿڣֱӶҪ


310 һ
㡭ôܣ
ж벻ףΪʲôȥʵһصĳԣΪλͻȻɱʵ
ŨŨĲ벻ʣеŵ浹ȥ
䡭
һĻΧɫ˲ޱ䣬һǳ˲˼顣
ˡбǸСӸһɱˣͱˡ
ߣ졭뿪Ǿ͵ûȻҲ鷳ˡ
ԣǱҪûȻԶһǨŭܹܵõġ
ԣΧæŵֳ֮ǰǶǻͷؿһִĮվĳԣҪס޷
ܹӹⳡѣö೤ʱ䣬Իᴫذ̳ǡ
һɱӿһڰ˵ĻУֻЩǰſõİ
£һΪƽƽȴˡ
ִˡ
˼״ҲһŴͣǱΪֻǻѵһУȴû뵽ԾȻһɱ˻С
ǺԶɵŰ
Ȼеʵұһ𿰱״ʦǿߣĺͲܳܵ˵ġ
Զиƣǵʦǿ߾ͳһֵֻĿ߽״ʦʮ֮࣬ɳͿԺɨЩˡ
ų
æһæǰ
ڳ̵ˣʱѾȫɵˣһ޷ݵõ𺳣˵ϡ
ö۷ʦȻԸһɱˣһǰʵ࿰ȶʦĳԸɱˣѾȫǵǶʱز
㾹ȻɱǵţϽԹԵ־ܣǷغԶɣǺԶɵŭ𡣡״ʦ̽һеȷѾɫʱѿ˼㡣
õһغԶɣȴĽʲô
ֻнǰɱеִغԶɣһ߻
ԣߡ
̵ʱŻعһǰԵ󣬡磬ӣǳҵϣԲ
ɽҲǴûߣҳɽ˼ʮҲˣƴҲҪסЩˣɾˣһǺԺ
Ȼûб̬еĳѾֱӳϣжԼ̬ȡ
ӣɱǵŻӣ룬ѷɡ״ʦĿ򳽻ԣѡ־ܻҳ֣첻ҶȻҪ׽ǺԶɣЩףҲһӡ
ԲûǸ״ʦǴǰĳˡ
һʦʦߣΪ˱ԣʮʦȻ塣
һĻʱǺε
Ϊ˱һеʦֵܽãһηصǰΪһΣա
رʦȡһһĻĻ
һ˭ҶҳԵˣ»ȪҲҪ֮ʬΡ
صһǰȥĳ̵ļЦŵõģҲµġ󲻹ǳһǣԺֻԽԽãԽԽ
һԽԽãԽԽҲ˵ЩʲôȻ㲻־ܣֻóֽ׽ǺԶˡҶ֣Ҫһˡ״ʦȻһȡ
硭

ڣ
һ
ɱ
䣡
ųԵĻ䣬˵ĿжȻһȣһ̣ǿϢȻ
״ʦһȺ˸Ƕ״ʦ
״ʦ״ɫ΢䣬û뵽һȺˣΪȻǰΪϢټ˲죬Բδע⡣

ǶʮȫŶ״ʦʵΣ˵״ʦȫ״ʦҲߡ
ʦһֱתڵİԪ
ţ
ȻʱһǰδеΣȻڶ̧ĿȥǲŨŨѪɱڣͬʱһЯſֲܵѪӡǰۣ͵سɱ
ƾԸôֵĹ
״ʦЦһȻǰ壬ȭȭͷ֮ϣӿһĨâ
ȫһ
Ȼʵǿ󣬿ͷҲ˷֮䲢û˿ر
䡭
Ȼ͵ȭͷǰѪӡ֮ʱһɿֲĳɫ˲ޱ䣬֮ɫӿæҪˡ
ȻĶվˣȻѾȫⷽѪӡȻܿģոѡĲѪӡ⣬ǴӲ湥ԶԸˡ
͡
Ѫӡ֮ϱһɿֲܣֱӽθûѪɽֱӱըѪ
һɱ״ʦһĨ˷֮ɫ¶ȻѾԤϹⷬþƽ

²칦ʱ򣬺£˿ɱΧһЩԶɵˡ
ˣԶɵ˸û̫赲֮ȫǵɱ
⡭
һĻ̵˶ʱɴ۾һš
磬𣿡̲ŵ˵
Եͷǽļ⵶Ҳҵֵܡ
ɽ⻰ʱһһۣжԶƵ𶯡
˭뵽һ߳꣬ڶ̶һµʱʵһĪĳ̶ȣ߾Ȼһ˿µ
ɾͣǵʷϣֹ
ǰǻĳܷɹ뵽ţڿԼŸͲʲô¡ң˵ΪѰĵӣǳΪŵŵӣӢӣһ׵顣

ԣЩ˺Ų׵ıɱǣ᲻д鷳ɽͻȻʵ
⻰򽣺ͳҲ򳽻ԡ
Ȼǲóɽǵģҡͷ鷳ȻЩҵӦΧ֮ڣǲصġ
Ǿͺá
ԣɽ˿ȻЩͣӿеһЩվ˲١
ԿɱһۣѶҲ˿ͬʱһŵҩ
ոȫʩչԪȻһɱ˻УҲǾ޴Ľûʧ
ˣȻҲԳֽҲһر״ʦǲٻæҲֻԡ
Լʵ˵״ʦĽ״ʦǶ֡


311 ٽѪɭ
˵ڵʵһεĳ̶ȣ״ʦܹ⣬һնɱĽ״ʦֻҪԷȫԷʵԪƿˡ
һ㵹еΪΣֻͻƵʦſƿĽ״ʦķ
޴磬Ҹ׼һͻȻ򽣡
Ц׼ǺǣҿѾûʲôȿʵҸˡ
ЦЦûйͣһһСƿֱӳϣ쾧רƾһֵҩ
ȻƱ쾧õ׾׾̺Ӵ׵ԣ򽣾Ƿ׾ܻʵ䷴ԳԻǾ򽣷쾧
ľ
ԣɫ˲䣬ɫǵͨ죬𽥼٣ԣ㡭˵ģⵤҩܹҵľ
΢΢һЦ޴磬Ȼǲƭ㣬ۼ֤ġңⵤҩľΪ
áȻлңҾԡ
򽣴ЦŴӳнӹҩʵʲôģͲں
ľ꣬ʱʱ̶̿һܹʵΪ޷ҵƾķ
Ȼϣ˳ϣҲûܹô̵ʱ͸ҵƾĵҩ
˿̳óҩȻǿϲޱȡ
֪򽣴˿Ȳ쾧ָ޴磬ԺȥһطﰲΣ
һط
ûڷſǽȥ
˵ţֱתӡ򽣺ͳɽˣ뵽˷ռ䵱У÷ƾڼտš
ڳ̣ЩԸ˵ҪѪɭɱޣΪ˲óԷıЭ˷ռ䵱С
ʱҲǽսдһȺˣһ
ųɱ˺ԶôˣҲɱˣǻЩ鷳˷سߣ굣ǵ˵
Ե˵ͷȷЩ鷳ǻµʱ䣬ʱҪΪ㹻ʵǺԶǿҲһ
ã
һ̣ҲǸܵǿѹǲʵԺԶɵ׶༪١ܻнռռվǽɱˣһʵעǽԶֻбĽ
ǶʱʵҲ㹻ġ
Ͼڶ̶̵һʱǵΪȫһȽףֵʵǿԿ״ʦٸʱĻ޷ԶɶԿһĻ֮
ڽѪɭְɡ
Ե˵ͷ󽫻Լ״ʦĿռָȡǳѪɭֵķȥ
ʵûȫϣϡ
ǷԼϡ
ʱ䣬ʵԿʦĳ̶ȣ
뷨ǱѰ֪ˣԻ⣬Ϊǲܵ顣
Ҫ֪µΪžŽ׺ʦʦû
ȻڳԶԣ뿹ʦ˽Լʵȥһ취
ǾƸǿޡ
ʮֻԪװƷϵĹǿĽ״ʦȫһֻԪװƷأֻУǧֻأ
ңԳڵʵƵҲԪ׾Ʒ۷ĲΡ
һƵԪ׾Ʒ۷ﵽһ̶ȣǺԶٶĸ֣Σ
ңԻһƣǾǷ񣬷ڵʵ״ʦ濹ˣٸʱĻʦǿҲܹһˡ
ȻҪĻҪԼʵ
ϾʵǸ
ԵСӣȻǷͬһ㰡
ڳԵȥ֮󣬲ԶȻ߳һӰǸŴ߳ëƷ塣
ųԵȥķëƷĿ˸Ҽȥᱻ֣ʱԵĺпܲŹҡǬھѪɭ֣֮ƺҲеϵȫԽԡңһԽϢһʱ䴫Զɣ˽Ѫɭ׷ɱԡ
ԼļƻëƷϲɵùһĮĻȣǧ򲻸ã㲻޴رֳʵǸһȺˣ˵ǼвҲ뿪Ѫɭ֡
ųҷָոպ͵ǡ
߳ذǳŴ·̺ͻȻ˵
ԵһЦǸëƷ壬ˡ
ǣ
굱ͷ³Բ֪Բһ£û뵽ԱԷݶ֪
Ϊ۽Ҳ˺ܹܶ࣬ӿһǰʮǿߣǷǳ˲𣬵ôãȫģֻʵʵġ
һЩںˣȥν
ԼĪһʱһѪɭֵΧ
һ·ϣǷߵҪ࣬ڽѪɭֵ˵Ǵﵽ˶壬֮߷׷ӿѪɭնɱޡ
ЩûйᣬֱӿѪɭֵΧ
ΪԵͶ󣬲ǽϵϢȫҲû˵ע⡣
ʱˣѪɭΧѾز࣬ҪôǱɱҪôӽѪɭֵڲ
ǳѪɭﷶΧûκһͷ޵Ӱӣߵǿ˲١
ѪɭΧûˣǼӿٶɡ˵
ǣ
Ȼû
£һٶȶȻʱ˶ʮ๫
ʱһЩ䵥ޡЩ޲ǿ󣬶һЩԪޣһֻûҲû˷ѣЩȫǿпƣ뵽˷ռ䵱С
ųǰսҪҪȥ
ͻȻָǰһ˵żҵԪӿʱʱĴԼ޵ŭ
ȥɡ
Ե˵ͷûзԡ
һ˳սķȥһӺսķ
ʮ׿⣬ΧһӴޣĸɢԪѿΪ˶һ״ʦΨһһӣһ״ʦ
ǱΧޡ
ųǷӰޡ˵
ȻȻǷӰޣ
Ӱޣ׶ƷޣóٶȣѰƷޣٶȶ죬ҹǿ״ʦǵĶ֡
ͷӰ޵һȺˣٶȺ͹½һ룬ĸ˻ˣһֻ䵥˵ķӰޡ


312 Ӱ
ϸ۷ӰޣȻǼֻӰ޵ĺѪٶȱ˵ǿƷޣ¾ѰһƷҲ졣
ҡͷЦЦͷӰȻˣȻҲ޿֣ȻͲĸ˲ȥǱսˡ
ų˵
㻹ֲˣھﲻԶͷӰء˵ţĿҲǿһ۲Զδƾĸ֪ܹܵȷǶͷ׶ƷޣǷӰޡ
󾪣ʵͷӰ޺ϵˣ
ЦЦӦò٣ܾΪˣԲ䵱ϾĸΪȽ޷ƼӾ硣ĸԪĵزˣͷӰޱȻѸٳ֣ʱսĸ˻ߡ
ԣ겻ɵ˿⡭Ӱ޾Ȼ뽫ĸһ򾡣ǵҲ̫˰ɣȻܹȹơ
ûЩû㹻ʵٸҲǰ״
磬ɱͷӰ޺ѰҪҪڷѶϢٳٳʵնɱͷӰ޾׾١Уһ˵
ӵʱãһͷ˵ķӰ޶ʰˣٳ֪ˣԺٳ𣿴ȫ֣콫ͷӰ޸ɱˡ
ðɣ
ӵĻ˶ǵͷûΥ˼

̶ȫתԪʩչǿĹŷӰ޹ȥ
𡭡
Ȼȫе˼ͷӰʱǵͻȻ޺֮
ͷӰޣһȫʢ״̬ķӰޣмˣ쳷ѶϢٳ
ӼͷӰ޳֣ɫޱ䣬ʶؾҪ룬Ȼܿͷ֣ѾȫһͷӰ޸ˣոΪȫʩչڵԪͿգ޼̣޷ֵͷӰ޵Ĺ
޷ֵͷӰ޵ĹĽֻһΪӰ޵ĸв͡
ˣҲûõȥ

֮ɫ˲˵ӿ
ݡ
ȻʱϢȻӷӰֱֲ֣ӽӰ޵û
ֵģȻһˡ
նɱ˷Ӱ޺˽Ӱڵڳһֱۣ߹ĳԵų׶ƷǽѪɭֵĿź찡
ǺǣҲ̫ˣҸҪĿ꣬ԶءԽӹ˵ңǸ⣬´ǶԸ׶ƷʱҪԸȻûˡ
֪ų
Ҳ֪ԵĿģҪǽ˴֮е
ԵͷӣóһݸոΧɱͷӰҲǳ˴һǡţǾˡ
Ե˲֣ĸ˱˵ɱӰ޵õסԼ֮ǰΪɱͷ˵ķӰޣȷǳ˴󻹲ǿŷӰ޵ҲûԼš
ţԼţȵʱԼʵòš
ӿԽһۣȻû˵ʲôɫЩѿ
ǰųԹЦлλѳˣŷӰ޵ӦҲǰɣ
ι˵ʲôͷӰ޿ɶɱģһѾų˵ˣǾȻ̰ġңѵ˸ոǵ˭ȵ𣿡һӵĻ̲סŭߵû뵽ȵļˣȻ塣
һ˵ֹʵǿôʲôõģǱӹеǸ֣Ķȥˣǽǣǻ֪ôģΪǱӹǺ۸ô
ˣǺľ㣬㻹ߵڰǷǣֱдŭ
ֽ̧£꣬ǼƽϣǾ͵û߰ɡ
£ҲȥƽϣΪø⼸ƽֶûκ塣
ǣųոǿǳ־ǣȴ塭
㲻֪͵𣿡
˵ţֱתҪȥ
ԣǴЦûǾ͵ǰ
ˣȻǹ콫Ӱ޵óǸټ׶ƷȻ뿪ӿ첽ǰԵ¡
״ʱðɣ֪ЩƷԣո϶ȵȷӰ޽˺ٳ֣ǼѵǣΪ㹻ʵûʵĻûǹһȥʡǳ֡
һʡǳ֣ѵΪǱӹǺ۸𣿡
ʱʮӰӴͬһɽ㣬ųԵѹ
ߡ
ŭһתѪӡֱӽƸƿ
ѪӡǣϱͼΪóԷ뿿ѹǸܡ
ٳˣ¿ǻߡ
Ϊеʵͺ˲ôǱӹǰͲʲô
ٺ٣һȺаˣٳˣǿɾͲǽôˡ
˿ߣһľϲæӭȥرǸǰԳΪӣֱ˵ٳոƶԸͷӰޣǸҪɱӰʱȺͻȻɱŷӰ޵ʵǷһҪ
֪ˣ
Ϊ׵һ국ص˵ͷ˵ƷԣҲΪ˽⣬Ȼǲ˵ΪһѾȷһȺ·ִ
򳽻ԵνҲҪˣóȻҵ˵ĶǲЩҷˣ
һ״ʦ״ʦ̲˲ζ
꿴ǰ꣬ͲԷֱӺǳ˵ʲô㵱Ȼˣ򹷿ˣҿʲôĹʲô˰ɣҸ㣬ǻͲˣ͵Ͷԡ
£״ʦǿϢХһȺˣҲǱ¶ϵǿϢÿһǶ״ʦΪ
ô嶯˵ı֣ʵ̫ˣԼľȻһرʲôģ˵ȽϿʵŵ˼㣬Ƿ
ţ
ϱǿϢݱǿɫ΢䣬ֱӺȵʲôΪһ֪ǰЩѣߣ֮ûзʲôͻȻԺ㲻øˡ
ɫ仯غܿ죬򳽻Եλֵܣղҵµ㣬ҷֵüʱű֮ìܣȻ˫ûʲôʧǾ͵û㿴Σ


313 
ԿǰıݣһЦδᡣˣԸԷ˵һ仰
״ɫ΢䣬ΪԲưոݣҲ̲סӿһŭ뵭ɱ⣬ұӹٳͽ⣬ȻʶôΪҺ۸ɣߣ뿪ǱӹǸһЩ״ʦΣ
Ȼ룬ϸұֳǳӵ콫ǿŷӰ޵óǸ
ǡ
ԣͷӰ޵ó򳽻ԡ
߰ɡԻ˻֣˵
ѾЩ˶һӣԷα̶ȣеġ
ãε飬̩ˡųԱȭͬʱؿ˳һۣתȥ
ųΪʲô
ûΪʲôֻǾЩİˡԵҲ߰ɣ˱ϾֻǾ͵ûɡ
ã
˵ͷ
硭
ڳԸҪ뿪֮ʱͻȻԺͷӰ޵ʬ壬սռ䣬ʱоһѪŵĿ޾ѾЩ·Щޣ͸ҵƷɡ
޾
ԣԺвĹżǰڻĹƽԭկկƷᣬնɱеõĿ޾
ͷѪǣΪ˶ԸҲǻЩ˼
󳽻뿪ĹżŷʱҲ⵽Ѫ޵ĹڽذʱһҲóԶѪ޵Ȥ𽥱
ΪҪоοޣҪѲʱ䣬û뵽ڷôоЩ·
£Բɵ˷ܵã
˵ţѾߵȥ˵ͷӰԣǵʬ뵽˷ռ䵱С
ף޴磬㾭ָˣԵʶոսռ䣬ͲѾֹͣ򽣣ܵϵϢ󣬲ɾĵϲϲ޴羭ָΪˡ
򽣵ϣԺȻǲһɿȴʦϢ
ϢԪΪһּݵϢͬһ㡣
ã򽣸ĸо١
һ쾧Ϳ԰˫Ϊ߽״ʦ˽״ʦ޴ʹ쾧տʼһΪֻһЩ磬ҪҩܽΪȫȥû뵽޴ȻΣҵһԼ֮·츳;ˣرڽһ·Լķû뵽ھһָѰҵԼ֮·ǳʼδġ
⻹ǶİЦһ緢ϴƥȻһ̣ɫȻһ䣬ţǱӹǵٳ̩ԣǣǧˣЩǵĴˣ𣬲ݣ
Ǵˣݣ
ԣɫ΢䣬Ȼһȫ£
ǣ
Ȼ֪ΪλͻȻı⣬ǵһʱǰȥӹٳ̩Χס
ǡʲôҵ˶ѾǸˡ̩ɫ΢䣬ΪγԻͻȻڣ뿪תֱӳԣȵλѣ֪Ǻ⣿ѵǿǱӹ𣿡
ӹӿȻ㲻ϴǳأԲܱ⣬ذǲ̳ǵŻذҲǿ˶١
Եҵ˵ɡ
ų£ԶʱһӰִ򽣡
һ֣Ŀͬһֱ̩̩״ʦΪܵһ𵴣㡭˭
ͻأͷһЦ˭㾹Ȼ˭ѵʮǰ飿ʮǰذ⣬ǱӹǵǶô硣
ʮǰذ⣿
ôһ˵̩ʱ˼״̬
򽣿ƴЦʵĪ飬Ҳ֪϶ǲ򵥣ɫҲǱñ˴˸ɫʾǲܷһˡ
Ƭ̺̩ϣ¶һĨ𾪵ɫʣ㡭ǸǳصˣǸý߽ߣ
ڼˣҾǸý߽ߣû뵽ʮڣҾȻܹǱӹǵˡһǰȥеĳڵϣһĻ졣
ʱǼʹҴ磬ֻԹ۵ģҪȥҴ磬ⲻ¡
Ȼû˿ɱ¶̩ȴǸеһĵı䣬æ͡
޹أ㿴ܿǵ鷳ΪܿһƣȻһȫնɱǿҾ𣬽д˵ҲҪնݳɣܿʱֻҵ棬㾹Ȼộģʱ磬һҲ鷳ҳ綼ȥġһȽ㡣
򽣵Цţ۾ȴһƬ죬˳뱯
򽣶Լɱ⣬̩̲סȵѲɻ뽫ȫ²ɣҸǣҿǱӹٳҸ幫һλ˽״ʦҴڲʮѾ߽״ʦɾͿ϶ߡҽʧԶӳӿȻǾ׼ɡ
Ҳɣ򽣵ĽŲû˿ͣ٣ͺһһ̩Ҫոꡣ
״̩һţĿⲻ򳽻ԣλѣҺԩ޳ÿֻҪҽܹȫ뿪ձȻл
ԵĻشֻһ仰ǵˣ
㡭
ݡ
̩˵ʲô򽣵ĳѾƿմɱȥֱָʺ
ߣɱҲôףҲ״ʦȫ֣ɱȥȻǰǵ彫Ϣ㱨Ҹ׺ʹ磬ǻǱġ̩һԪȻתγʵԪ
߾
ͬʱһɫ״ԪȭȻ򽣵źɱȥ
Ҫ򽣻֮ǰȽ򽣸նɱȻǿᣬͬһϲû̫ۻԪϸûһ˿ʵԪ̩ܹסԼһȭ
£򽣿϶ѡͿԳŶԷ֮ʳû롣
ɱ
Ȼ̩Ϊ򽣻ʱȴǻָ֣ΪһĽָ⴦˲ɱ̩ȭ档

꣡
һһΪҲǴ

һ̣̩ȭϵʵԪ粣ֱ飬Ľȭͷɷ顣
Ѫɽ
͡
ͬʱеĳֱ룬ƿ̩еķ׺ݵضࡣ
㡭


314 
Ѹţ̩¶һĨŨŨĲڳԹҸ׺ʹұģѪծѪǵűѪϴɡ
ߣ
һƾ̩嵹¡
ٳȻɱˣ졭ӣ㱨ˡ
˵˼һĻʧɫæžҪɢ롣
ȫɱˣ
ޱ´
ǣ
˵һʱ֣ױ¶˳ǿײ˰ؽӹǵһһɱ
һ֧飿
Ȼǵһο֣еȴǸŨǰʵʲôһʵȴǸĿ¡
ÿϵϢһѪɳɱϢͺһþսĽһѾˣû뵽ʱȻжʮ
رǣʮսڼĬϣֱ˷ָ
ڵʵĽ״ʦԿһе˿˵ûһĶ֡ȻǳԼսԻ˲䱻ɱ
޴磬֧Σǰȥ̩ĿռָȡЦ˵
֣صصǿǳǿҿǿһ֧ӣذ̳ǵĳȣ˼Ρ
޴ϲ֧𣿡һȫ忪ռָеľӡǣ鿴ĶһЦѯʡ
Ȼϲ
򽣲˼ػشɻôˣ
Ǳӹǵٳղصͦġ
忪ռָеľӡǺ󣬳ԿĶɵЦȻ޴ϲ֧飬ǽͳôҺǵĽֻܹ´
ҵͳ죿⡭УҺϵȻҵʵԻʸ䵱ǵͳ졣򽣵˳Ե顣
ЦŰֵ޴ȱŷʵͳ죬ҲǾһ˼ǵġߵУֻʺλáʵ⡭ҿ޴ƺһԼ֮·ЩԽ֮һѵΪ޷
ԣ򽣲ɵõ˵ͷԴľ֪ԪΪ޷дǱоԽ˽⣬ǳҲָһΪԪΪһʵͻƵʦƾŽΪĽ״ʦܹ⡣
ⷬʵʵǸǿġ
ԣ˵ӦҪɣĽңѯʵ
ԴЦΪ֧˵ҪҲŽ㡣ѵ޴ûɳ𣿡
ԶΣвӿһůȻˣĳ͹ϵ֧飬һᾡȫãṼ
Ǿ޴ˡ
ԳشЦţͬʱѾս˵ҵĻҲˣ򽣴ǵͳ죬ҺǵĽҲҪ֪𣿡
֪
˴Ӧû˿زո򽣵ʵǶʶˣ״ʦʵ̩һնɱ궼ʵ
ؼһ㣬볽ԵĹϵǶóȻǲȥ򽣡
˵ǶҲķڷҪõǵ磬ҪʱֳΪǿʵϾԺͷܹ֮ǳ׵ķڷǿŸԵֶǡ
μͳ죡
ȫ򽣵ϥأغ
λ𡣡
æҾһˣй֮񡣡
޴磬еԱÿ˶һǿޡͷмޣûпеģǸǩԼΣ˵
ҡͷֻҶʶˣǲǺʺҡԼ޵ĻҿһѪɭѰһʵҲҵģѡһͷ
ԵͷһҲ⣬Ȼ޴ҪһͷʺԼģǽͼѪɭ֣ܷҵһͷʺޡ
á
һβСĲ󣬳Ե˼ѪɭȥʱʱػͷԪƷϵޣȴټ
һֱʮ޵ӰӲ𽥶ǵһ죬Ե˾ɱ㳬ʮͷޣǰҪࡣ
ҲҵһͷԼԼޣһͷǿƷޣܡ
ԺⲫսǿֲǺǿһȱݡ
ɱ޹Уɳٶ൱֮죬ѪӡҲԽ죬ǴڷռеԼ飬ʱΪȫﵽԪ׾Ʒ۷ΣֻһͿͻƵһƷԼԪޣѾͻƵײΡ
ȴ൱ƽһĵоϣܹսǵ޸Ϊеһơ
Ȼδɹ˵ɹҲֻһˡ

ɱ
𡭡
ڳնɱһͷ׶ƷʱϱߣԼĺɱ޵ŭΪؼɼȺս
ڴԼǸطǽǵ塣ѪɭΪϤ˵
ǵ壿
üͷ΢΢һ壬ǵ̩˵һ䣬ӹǵֶǵ塣
ǵǾ͵·ˣǵļƻɱޡԳƬ̣Ϊ˰ȫǾԶǵ塣
£һ˲ͣһȥ

¡¡
Ȼǻû߳һ·ɫ𽥵ذȻǱˡ
ʱȻҪ´꣬ĵطûа˴ѪɭֵУľܼ߱Ͳã˿̸ǺƵģһƬڣǿΧΡ
޹ҲҲܡҵĿռ䱦ȥɡ˵
ųǰССһƨ
ҡҡͷ򽣺ȫ뵽˷ռ䵱С
ꡭ
ڳҲҪռʱһɫâͻȻֳѪɭյһһȻ𣬼ҪƳԵĶĤ
绹湻ģ̧̇ͷǼһڴִɫ绮ʣĿġʱʱֻͬʱҲԽܼ
硭
ͻȻڳǰ
ôˣ
룬Ҹ׾ˣ
׾ô
Կһ׾ҪȻضȻȫҲƵó׾쾧
쾧ȻǸڴ׾Ȼ׾Ǻ˽⣬ӷĻҲ֪׾쾧ܱġ


315 ɱ
ͺһͨı뱦ȣȫһϵĶ
ͷţҲ׼һ¡
ʲô׼ģɻص
Цŵ磬׵֮ҳ˿׾壬ϣԴһɹ𣬶㽫Ի벻ĺô
ɫͻأЩףҪܴǲֱ׵֮Ҵˣ
ȻǣûʲôЧһϻðæʩչסһ磬Ȼ󷨣¾ˡ
Ե̲ס鶯
׵£ȷû˵˵ĳ嶯ŷ˵
ƺϵ˳Իд˷ӦȻЦ磬ģͨ˵ǿĵʦʦ׵ĻпɻҽҺϻõĻ˻һЩʹ࣬Բ֮ǡ
˵ģ
ԸоԼǸСӣۺ
ЦȻôƭء
ðɣԡ
һҲǣ񲻿ܻȥȻˣһЩʹ࣬⻹ڳԵĳܷΧ֮ڡ
ãǰһСɽǾ͵ɽȥ
˵꣬ɽٱȥҧҧ
ö˵ɽ嶥ʱʴӴ̶ܼ׹йŭ
ԴˣԿôĿģȴֱ֮ӽϻøٻ˳ϻã󷨾ֲˡ
ã
ϻҲϻͷӦǣһЩֵӡһӣжʱļг˱ǰлûδı

ڱУһŨŨİɢܿͱ鲼ɽɽѸٵرһƬŨ֡
ɣꡣ
ⷬ󣬳Կõ̲ס̾
ȻԸоһĿ̲סĴܱ߾ɫûκα仯ȴظоԼѾ뿪ԭ磬һƬռ䡣
ѵϻؿռ䣿ļг˱һʵĿռ䡣治Զ飬ļϳ˱ܱߵĻϻÿ϶ҲһٸɣԾ̾
ܿ죬ɫ𽥷˱仯ϻƬռѵ뽫׵ҽ׵
뵽ܣϥ£ʮ׼˿⡣
磬Ҫֽ׵ǣˣ׼϶һЩʹСĵ㡣ڳԸ׼صԺ
ʱɽߴʴ׵磬Ŀ޾ĵĮ
Ȼͷ˵ĸоȴڸӲԼ
վȴһؾߣ֮
е׵磬ȫĤݡ
˵з׵ߣȻ١ڵʵȻŻָ۷ʦĻսǶ״ʦ׵ʦܻԿɡ׵磬ҲḶСĴۡ
ϻǰķ˵
ݣ
ĴͻȻɽһŨķ֮ɢһӣһװ߳ʴΪܼȺ
͡
һ̣һĻͨ˿ιȥ˳ǸϸϸİߣǽڴֵΡ
һסһ׵ʱͼѿߵ
Ƭ̺Ӧʲôֳһ̬˿
ʶࡣ
һһһǧɳֶ£˲佫ɽİס

һŨİ׹⣬˲ӷɢɽ
ǵһ߰׵磬ʱȫû˿ĿɢΪɡ

һĻһ
׵Ǻ񱩣ԼԼŷ֧֮ţѹƵһ׵硣
ȡ
סһ׵󣬷һӣ׵նϣһɷֱ֮ӱȫס
һ룬ŷĵֱӽ󷨵УųԼȥ
⡭׵磡
󷨵Уͷ϶Ȼֵ׵磬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ܿ죬üͷ΢΢Ϊܹظܵ׵УûеĿô˵׵վ׵磬⻹ǵһνӴ׵磬ǿѹԸͻ֮ȥʶؾ
ôģ˵ĻȻǳʧҡҲ϶ԼʧӿһĨᶨ֮ɫҪתȵֵ׵硣
ݡ
׵ٶǺ֮죬ͷһ£׵ֱӽڣ
ã
ʶشвãΪԼˡ
͡
һɼʹʱȫÿһ䴦ó̲סһ죬Ƥ鴤Ϊѿ
ţû
ԷӦסϵľʹоϲ
Ȼ񲻿ܻ׵
ʱͻȻܵ׵ȻΪʹȴһĪڡ


ûǳ
׵ȫ˳ԣ֮ԻɾҵʹΪԵ̫׵º͵״̬ܲס
͡
Եһ˿˿ĵĴתз֮ʹʱʹûҪֹԵľһƬģҪʹȥ
סڻ˵ûֱӻ˹ȥȻ÷ʧؼǡҲܹԼʧ
ڴˣһҧ⣬̨
磬߶ױ幦𡣡ȻڳԵԺ
ԣԵһʱת˴ױ塣
һŰɫĻ棬ɢȥȼա
͡
׵津һ𣬶ʱҵ죬ܿ죬ȫ׵ɡ
ǽ׵𣬻ǽںϵ׵統ȥ
һĻüͷšһгɻ
⣬ûȥѯʷΪֻ֪Լܽ
ҪʲôǾ۳ʲô
׵绹ǻ棬Ϊǿҵ塣Ȼڲȥǲ罫ȫںϵҵ嵱Уҵ嵱ý飬ȫ
Ժͷûκͣһ뵽塣
ȫƿأܸ˺׵ȫסǷˣȻҲԳ˺

ͣ
ڵľĦȴó弸Ҫըֲľʹ˲Ϯȫÿϸдݳ


316 ޴ͻ
УҪס
зžдһԼʹȥ
УԾȻǱһ˿ʶƻԣȴûлԹȥ
״̬ʱ䡭
󣬳ԺȻоԼľˬޱȣһŵɫľºХǿ׳ޱȡ
ǿ̶ȣǰ֪ǿ˶ٱ
ͻˣ
㱼䣬Կһ
һ̣ڵĳ˹˫һɫâб졣
·֪ʱѾճ˻ҽϣŵϺâһĸо
㾫
ԸһԼǿȣʼ۲쾫ı仯ܵǿ̶ȣ˲ɵõһ
ǳȷһ㣬Ǿľˡ
ֻǾ˺εȳ̶ȣһʱȴ޷϶
ϲ磬Ϊȡþ޴չ
ʱǰͻȻâһӰǰЦ˵
ҲɻΪȷ˲٣ʲôΣȴǺ»ҪԲ֪
ĿڳһɨһĨε֮ɫǴβֱԣ
ֱԣһǵͷ
ݡ
һ𵴣ڳԵ£еѪƷɵǰ
Ѫơ⡭
ԿǰѪƣ̲ס˿ΪѪѾԭ磬ʮ硣
ճǰĹƣǾͻƵһ״ʦѪҲ硣
µʮ磬ǱʾľͻƵ˶״ʦ
û뵽һչؾҵľͻƵ˶״ʦȽȡ
뵽ԼµٶȣǳԼ̲סҡҡͷʵе̫ˡ

ҪľĽ
ĵѾԽԽ࣬Ҷǳǿû㹻ʵһԷ˵һõ顣
ͻȻЦ磬ջ񣬿ɲֹǾͻء
Ǿ
üͷһܿףҵ壡
ڴˣ̲ס˷ܣһʱ߶˴ױ塣
͡
ʱһϺɫâֳâʵװľ帲ϣȫס
ܹظܵϺɫ׷ΪˣƷ޶ܹƿ

䡭

һȭһ֮ܵĻꡣңڳԵȭͷ֮ϣһ˿Ϻɫâͬ
Ϻɫ棬ͻȻָоƺŸΪŨĻ档
Ȼǿھ۷ʦԵֵסһȭ𺳡
ܹظܵǿٴﵽ˿ȶ۷ʦĳ̶ȣļӳ֣۷ʦܰסһȭ
ңڶûΪɬò˶ãȫƿ÷Ľ״ʦҲѳԵһȭ
ʩչԪĽ״ʦķҶֱƿ˰ɡ
̶ֱԵھ˶״ʦھԽԪһȥ
ãȥ׾
ȻǲͷӦǣһΣʧԭء״̬ʱ˿иڳԣԲδ׾ڳ԰Ȼ£ҲǴ㿪ʼ׾ˡ
뿪Ҳʱ䣬ӿռָнȡһֳʼԪΪ
ʦʹʦԪĻֻۣҪȥˣԪֱڵľѾﵽ״ʦԪȻû˿Ѷȡ
ˣֻ˲ʱһƷԵΪǳɹͻƵһ״ʦԽԪʵγʵԪ
ͻƵһ״ʦ󣬲δͣһ·еİħԪ߸ͽһֱԪΪ۷ʦ磬Щδͣ
һεĴͻƣЩҵˡӾŽ׺ʦ״ʦҲûʲôֵϲġҵĵˣΪ͵Ķﵽ˸߽״ʦҪԸǣһв·ҪߡԲû̫ϲ
бӹǡԶɡѪšţЩıӹǶһ˽״ʦǿŸǲţǳܶԸ
ǣ˵𣬾㳽Բȥ鷳Ƕҳ鷳
£ֻнʵȥаնԸЩˡȻĻǱӹΪС㹻һġ
ҵۺʵĽ״ʦԿӦ״ʦڿ»ԸˡһܹԳ״ʦʵԸĽ״ʦѾǲ˼飬״ʦĽ״ʦǿ࣬ڵĳԸûһնԸ
ţеζ쾧ζЩѵƳɹˣ
׾ͬ쾧ַر𣬱ΪҪƺü죬û뵽̶̲һ칤򣬷Ƴɹˡ
óһ·ϣʱߵҲʧþվھʮ״ĵطʱڷϣһɫСζǴСдġ
磬ҩˡǱ뿪ոƵҩѾ˷ˣھкü˳ߵǰҩݸԣ˵
ԿһСٿŵĵҩƤ̲ס˼£ǽе쾧ȫ׾ˡ
ڲ˷ʱʱ򣬳Խ׾ȫ뵽ռ䣬ҲǱ뵽˷ռ䣬Լǳɽ¸ȥ
λѣոɿƵҩ
ڳԸ׼ɽ֮ʣĵ棬ͻȻһֻӴޣͬʱһҲڳԵĶ
ǡǣ
ڳǰһֻһɵľ޴ޣֻȫڣһẹ̈ǵ˫ĿȴǴһĨĻϢ
Ʒޣǣ
һ۾ϳֻ޵ݡ
ĿӰո˵ľһӡ
ֳֳһ£¸һ֮УһֱĽһ־þӸλİȻֱ峽ԣҪ˸ȫסһ㡣
ԵľѾͻƵ˶״ʦƳ¾ֵܹҲǳ
һӣȴ볽йһ֮Ե
ӿһеڰˣëƷ塣
ëƷ壿ĿëƷϡ
ëƷһȻ㻹ǵңҾͲҽˡҸһλɣλҵë壬Ӧ˵ɣ
ӿһеë壿üͷһص


317 սë
еߵĻѾʶһնɱ
ó벻ȴǣеߵĻǰλеë壬ȴ൱֮
ΪǶ۷ʦۺʵǿѰ״ʦǰλУΪȻѾﵽ۷ʦһԾã¾ǷѩӶǰų飬ëĶ֡
еĻоȻʵˣ˵ǰĸǸ˲ãǺȡ֪Ϊﵽʲôˣܷȵһͷת
ëƷ۶ųԣոǷƺӦ֪˭ɣȥʡõʱ䡣
ʱëڳϴţĿƬ̺ĵᵽһֵζǵҩӦþϰɣҩóҿһĻһ͡
ţҲ˵ʲôоովùһεҩȻŵζԲŨû뵽Էŵ
ë壬ܲ佻Ͳ佻
ëëƷ֣ȴëƷҪö࣬Ϊиʦӿڵĳϡ
ڣӿһ
ˣΪΪӿһߵıڹӦϵӿűȼ磬ĳЩ滹й֮
ӿȻѾ˱ӹǺͺԶɣ⻹ĳܷΧ֮ڡҲˣӴĹϵڲ鷳Ҳ֮ҪֺڵѰ׽õ䡣
ţһŽʦȻҵ˼ëжȻһͬһֱ䳽Եľ磬ͼԴƳԵ
ԴʱȫϢëԵʵΪΪǾŽʦ
ߣ
Էƣ˿ԲܲᣬȻΪӿˡһһӴľͬԶŻޣŴ죬ֱӽëھûûһ˿һɢ
ڳǰʩչ񹥻ëȫǹعǰˣ󵶣ȡ衣
ţ״ʦ
ڳʩչɲǣë͸ܵ˳ԵľǿľëƷ˵ľŽʦ֪ǿ˶١
ܡôǾŽʦǰżʱǾŽʦ˵ëƷɫһ䣬ʵʱ϶ʵ
ëһëƷ壬ĿֱӳԣҲǾŽʦǶ״ʦҩóҿһĻһ㱨ꡣҲ⣬Ȼỹ㡣
ӣ
ͺǹƽӣ΢Щƽվ޷Էӡ
ڳԵΪδﵽƽȵĵزë岻ܻӳԡ㳽ʵ΢ǿЩ⣬Ҳ̫Է
Ϊݣڳϵĵӣܱͨ⡣

֪һ֧նɱ״ʦĶ飬ԴԵ̬ȾҪĸˡ
ë̬ȣҲû̫⣬˵û˵ĵҩҵмţҪĻҿš
ˣ֪֪˭ô˵ë۾һУɱ֡
ԵⷬЩˡ
ҵȻ֪˭ô˵ƺҪ˵ɫҿȷظ㣬ûеҩû£¾ȸˡԵ˵һתɽȥ
СӣվסëƷ״Ŀϳ뿪سԡȻ䣬ԺͻȻֳһնɱеһĻβס磬ǳ֣ҧɷ顣
ãȻСӲ֪ôǾɱԼѰҩëǵ˵ͷ
ಣ
ǻ⣬ӴͬʸһӰٶȾȻǱȳԻҪ֣ܿ׷˳ԡ

ԣǵǰצȻĳƷ֮Ȼ
ǣ
ԿһҴ⣬ȻƷޣѰĽ״ʦȲϣĽ״ʦҪЩ
ݡ
ûκεԥ齣ȻʣһĨ⣬ǵǰצƫ

ʩչԵ˲׿⡣ΪǣݵľҲǸǣȻﵽ۷Ρ
һ֮䣬ͬ˲ơ
ǵٶȻ죬۷徳ĳԣ̾ƶٶȱȻԶǡ
ЩֶΣǣ֣ɱ
ëЦһɱ
һĻëƷһ򳽻ԵĿҲǶһĨŪʵǿΣøĵɱ⣬һ֧ǿҲɡ
Ǽֱ̫ȻͱˣǾͱҳԲˡ
ҲǱëŭԼĲ佻񣬵ȴ飬һٶҪء
ˣһֻһ
ɱ
Ԫ
ݡ
ɲǼ䣬Ľ齣м˲Ϣ֮ס˸ճǰǵ

һ죬ǵĽɷ飬Ѫ졣
ʲô
״ë廹ëƷ壬һȻš
ëƷȻ֪ʵףһɱУҲû뵽ȻлǿٵǣȻҲԸһնɱ
ʵƿ¡
󣬾նɱҵĻ飬ұҪʬΡ
ëӿŨŨĳԹȻʣ˲ɱ򳽻ԡ
ëȻ߰ЩʵӹɣܹӿһĹ֮
ƾһǳûͻƵ״ʦǵֵ
ڡ
ݣ
ԿбһΪɲĺӿֱӽëĹ
˵κܿ콻սһĽⲻϴӶΧȫ֡
̶̲ӹ򣬶ٳϰٽ
ЩʵѹɱҵĻ顣Ҿʩչǿʽ£ܽҲҿһȫʬ
ëκˣʩչղһаɣҸоûȫӳҿֵܷһ
ֵһȫʬ
ͷֵܹһ˵Ӧɱˣɻڳ˵ȫʬǱ˵иĵûʩչΪڳϵĵӣϲûеơʩչˣҿ϶ҲҪ¶ҵһЩơڸͲ˷ʱʱ򡣡
ĿɽһɨѾԿԶŲٺڵѸٿΪǰֶߣϾҪִˡ


318 Σ
Ȼ
Ŀ⻺䵽ëϣһĨɭȻɱ⡣

ë嶸Ȼһȣǰ壬һӰ಻ˮӰͺд˿˿¹⣬һ׽ĸо
ҽеһһ޴
һУ㲻ҲҪˡ
һԺѸһӲͷ
ͷմԺ֣͵һʱ䱻
ƿнҪնɱëѶȽ࣬ᱻ߻ʩչơ
ֻƿн䲻һٽնɱ
ɱ
һ̣϶ȻһɿֲĽ⣬˺ƻΪ齣иǱǿĪĽ
Ԫ
ƿȻ𣬳ԵӭնɱǰĽӰ

һ𣬾ò
һĻë廹ëƷ壬ɫ𽥵رë壬ֽŵĸо
ΪǳƿһǾͱʾʵ糽ԡ
ʹһ¡
ĵλᱻȡ֮
ԽΪӿһе
ƵĿһëš
ݡ
һ̣һֲĽ˲ǰģĽӰѸͫзŴ
ӦʱѾһߣûжĻᡣ
Ϣ˲ë
ɱңë˳Ե뷨ŨŨĲ˼飬ûԾȻеɱڳϵĵӣһЩǳصĳмӡ
벻ģȻǳԿƿһһ˲Ϣ֮ǰ
ס֣ⳡ䣬ҲĶ֣ӿһеĸ֡ëȵԴϣԿͣ֡
ӿһеĸ֣齣ĽͣëĺЦЦ˵һ
һϢ˳ȥԻ̵ʱﴫӿҵʱ򻹻ὫƼڣʶڵһЩϲǴ˹ϵԸϺõı
ë岻ϵ׳ô
ĵȴѹһɿֲɱ⣬ѾֻҪԽÿϽʦĵóһٽԸɱ
˵ЩȷˣҲϡ
͡
ųԵĻ£齣ĽѾûëʺѪĺ󾱴ų
Ϊʲô
ëгţû뵽ԾȻĸɱ
ܼ򵥣ΪɱңҲ㡣Ե˵ͬʱ齣
ʦұģŨŨĲʣë嵹档
ԣº޹أҡ
͡
ëƷҪʲôе齣ѾֱӶĺ
ǰҲܹ³һûҪԼϹ
նɱ˶˺󣬳Ŀ䵽ëϡ
׼ȷ˵ϵĿռָϡ
ϣʧеؽռָȡϸһռָȻռָѰĿռָͬһɻĿռָҴҲϼ֮ǧٳϹٻĺöˡ
һɵؾƿëµľӡǡ
𡭡
¡¡
ȻڳԵľһռָһɿֲɷ纣ԨسϮϯľ硣
֮£ֻҪ˲ʶɲǼģ
Сģǰħһ̽Ʒİħ
񾪺Եʶһ̣Ѿȫɥʧ˶ƿȨʶҲȫģ״̬κΡ
ֻоԼ磬ȫһƬڰԼŨŨ֡
ڹа񣬳޾ɷԹߡ
׹أһůϤĸо
ǸĪĸо
ֹâľ໥ƺ⣬ûз̫ĳͻ
ԸͲˡ
ˣڵӵĿռָоȻһ̽ƷħˣûʵĽͣһҪʹۡ
ʱסԾеİħ󣬷гɱ⣬һԵľ󣬷ҲޱҪôʶָȻĻпܻʹɥʧʶǡ
ˣȽռ˵
ͷԵѾʧԭء
ֻİħȻ˺˴ľ磬һҪ㡣
ռ䵱УѾ˳˳Եľ磬˿ϣëĿռָסϻã㱣İΣֻħԸ
ڰħ񱾾ͼΪᣬһֻħȻ˺˳ԣ񲻿ܷŹ
̽ƷİħһܶԸҪҪҰæϻҲ֪ħĿ£˵ؼΨһһָʵȫʢʱڵǧ֮һϻòΪһ˿Ӧ
æڵֻҪô缴ɡвߣҪģǧҪ¶˷ӡĴڣȻø鷳
ϻҲ֪ԣҲʱ䣬ͷӦȥԸħɣһտãһܷ޸˾ˡ
ãҪտˣеİħ֮ͱ̫ˡֻҪѹˣ˻а취ġ
ͷֱϥһŨİ׹ʱסĶԸռָеİħ
ųû°ɣ
ʱ̺򽣵ҲǿٸϵȻǲʶϻã˿ҲûѯʣǹĳԵơ
ϻð˰֣ȫ˿ŵˣҪԸơ
죬˺󡭡
æ֯˺ûȥϻúͷ񣬲еĵ֮ɫȴǸ
ϻü˶˿ˣ򳽻ԣ۲ƣƬ̣üͷһ
ݡ
ϻýƴڳԵϣһ㵭İӿԵȫһű̹ǵϢ뵽Եľ硣
ܿ죬Եľǰ
ʱԵľѾȫ⣬ħ֮֮Լϻʩչİ
֮⣬ԾԭеѪƣѾٽɢܵĳʴ
ϻÿһĻŵüͷĸܵħ֮ĹҲѽرɰħ֮ڵʵԸˣֻзܶԸܷȫָͿԼ컯ˡ
Ժͷϻ֪ԾѾˣֻǵȷȽͷħ취
ġ
ݡ
һ˿˿ű̹ǵİͣض뵽Եľ磬ѹŰħ֮ͬʱҲǹɱϢóԵľ籣һ˿ѣȫ˯ȥ


319 ֮
һȫ˯ʶпܾͻȫʧֱ
ˣǧҪ֧ס
ϻųƽӣޱȵǣĿͶԶķϣܹħ
ͷħëĿռָУ˵ͻһʱʱ˵Ȳ˳ԣ˵ٿسԾеİħ֮óԵľ˲
ԣʱֻȽħѡ񽫰ħʱãȾγԡ
ĸо𣿡
˿̣ԸоԼʶһƬʵĻ統УһƬڣس
һļž
ԼоԼʶȫֹûκζ뷨
κ£ԸоԼʶҪΧĺڰһ硣ֻſ׻ع鱾Դðȥκе۵顣
ָоôһֱȥ̲סǰδеɡ
Ǳʶ֮£ʶڰĸ֪һ١
оȫޱɣһƲƮʡ
ع鱾Դһдͷʼ룬ֻء
㱼䣬Կںڰȿ߲ţⱾϽأͨ쳹ء
ÿһ棬֡
޵˼
룬µƪ£µأ
Եʶڰ֪˶ãԸоžǰֻҪԼʶѡͿԽȥ
ѡҸѡʲôνһжνѡʲôһɡӤ롣һ˲䣬Ժ˾
ʱʶȴ𽥵ǿϾܽţȴζ벻ˡ
ݣݣݣݣݣݣ
ƿؾߣʹߣնϵأն¡

һ¡𣬳ֻоǰһڣֱɢǰ
ҲⲢǽ
ȻԵʶ˲ع飬һŷŭ벻ʵͷԺбŷɳƵأҪƬһ㡣
飬Ҫţһ֮
Դһ
ݣ
£ӺڰֶҹеǣԵʶס
ڰʧǰһƬ
ҵľ磬Ȼˣ
ʶعĵһʱ䣬ԾͿ˾е״
£а⣬رǵְħ֮Ȼ֮Ͱ⣬̲סһһͷħȻ˺ҵֱǿЦ飬ɰħ֮ˡ
ˡ
ųʶش齣Ľâ˲ȥɫİħ֮˲ɡ
ˣ
ԾеĶϻȻǵһʱֳһͽħ֮ɫɵþޱȣܡⲻܣɰħ֮Һͷһʱ䶼ˣô˲ܽӦ˵ôһӾͽ˰ħ֮⵽һʲô
ѪƾȻˣ
ħ֮󣬳ԱǷ˾еѪƣֻʱѪƣѾһŰɫѪ
ȻѪƵлŲٵİħ֮
ݣ
͵ɫѿ֪Ǻõʱ齣ĽȻг֡
ݺᣬеѪȫյС
ˡ
ѪĽҲǱ˰ɫһ˿˿΢Ľӽд
齣еİħԪİħ֮Щħİħ֮齣ǿ׶ԸǶ齣˰һĻ˿ͬʱҲǳңԼ齣Ļһˡ
Ѫơ
齣ĽѪ֮ŷ֮ԼҲһ˽ȥӹǵƽϵĺɫʧɫҲǱ䵭ࡣ
ֻһڳԵľ磬һصĸо
ɢϢȻӵſֲĹĹ˵ľ磬̺ŷ֮ħ֮ԼѪƵ
ʱոճͣ΢Щǿ󣬾ԿԳΪԵһơ
ϻá
еΣ󣬳Ҳջ˫ۡ
ˣڸоôϻü۾æѯʡ
ԡ
ų
硭
̵Ҳǵһʱ䷢˳ѹȫΧ˹һԵõޱȡ
ûˣҲõġô˵ֿػ̲סһӿ
ڰħ飬ҲûңԾͽһͬʱҲҽһЩڰħýϰħʱԸõضԸ
󣬳ɢȥϻһˣڻڶԸֻħ𣿡
ϻЦ˲ؼΨһȻʵŻָ״ʦԵĵʮ죬ѾֻħʰˡǰѾû£Ϳʼȥͷħ˵ԺСĵڵˣǵЩ򵥣ƺ밵ħǣ
ԣԲɵһ죬ϵԼܻ˲ʱ䣬Ҳû뵽Ȼ¡
£ҲµһЩڲûнӴǲ̫ġ
һ۲Զķ񣬳һһαչأΪȻᱩǣһֻ̽ƷħԪָн״ʦߡȻѾﵽ˶۷ʦھһ̲ھΪƣʵȻᱻ񽫲󡣡
ںò׽˲٣Կɲٶȱ˦
ԪΪﵽ˶۷ʦΣŶ׳ڴʦҪΪֻȴӾ֡
ӷǰ˵ĻֻҪ׾еõõ˿ǿ֮⣬ľ
ͺñǰһ׵磬ǿľһ˶״ʦĲΡ
ڱչ֮ǰ˵ΪҲͬҪ
ʱǵΪδ٣꣬Ҳֻ۷ʦͻƵĽ״ʦЩҪĥĥ
£ûٵʱ䣬򽣽˼Ϻ󣬱뿪˷ռ䡣
žɽͷһӰְδ̫ʱ䣬ʮһӰƾճ֡
ǳԵˡ
޴磬飬ͽˡĿΧһۣ˵
Ҳ֪ҪչҲ˵ֱӵͷģһȫ
ţ
Ե˵ͷطռ䡣
Ȼǻ첻ˣʮ죬ڰǸȳˡŲ٣һ̺һռı


320 ôôǿ
ʱԸͻȻһӰƾճ֣Ϊ׵һ˷Цضųԣ˿ԼԹӣʮ죬㿴ǲǸúú̸̸ˣˣȻˣͱٷƬռˡѾɽͷʩչ˽˵رĿռ䣬ǽЩ뵽ռָܡ
λǣ
ԵĿ䵽ϣɢϢһ״ʦԼĽ۷ʦ
ڣⷬʵӦΧ֮ڡֶԵУԽԷ׵
ԲֱɱԷΪΪ˵ĽЩ
ԣǱӹǷҵλϣдϷⲻһ״ʦǿߣ˵һĽʵѰ״ʦҪ١ڳԴǰ˵ʱ򣬶Ѿ֪ѾǴյԵĶ˵
ӹǷң
ԶȻǺ˽⣬Ҫһ㣬ΪǵѾע˫ڶ档
̸֪ʲôԵŷҴϷⲻ˵
ʱⲻԵһҳϺȵˣǷҴ˵ȻΪܹɱëһСûεô
Ƴһۣҳô˵ֲ̣ܽңλ˵⣬ֱӽΧռѾǲҷˡȻˣ㻹ָҶô
㡭
϶㡣ⲻ΢΢һЦϵϴһĨţһжƿصУԣ֪һҽɱëëƷ֪ԼɣǻŹ𣿵ʱӿ֮ء
ͲͷϹˡЦһŵӦò̸Щİɣ
Ȼ˵ţȴѾɱ⡣
洫ںͻɶУ˵Ȼ鷳Ȼ鷳ǵĵѾ٣ҲˣӿЩ粽С
ⲻ˳ۣ׳Ϊλ˵һ㶼¸֪ںͻɡ
˼ΣⲻҲԵɣΪԹʢںͻɶ
СΪֻҪţںͻɾͲҶ˿ˡǲҵ顣һҪｻ
ⲻ֪˵ҩȴ֪ʮǰ춯϶ʲô֣ܹë嶼ΪȤı϶ͬһ㡣
ǺǣʵҲûʲôҿϵĿռָǼռ䱦ǳС㿴֪࣬ɷ͸ңȻҿ϶óͬ۸Ķ㲹ⲻ䲻ȵ˵
Ŷóͬ۸Ķ֪ϴʲôأ
Ҹ׼һ³˱ǰؼֵ
³˱
ЦϹΪԼ۸أŲ𣿲ԲƣЦؼֵ³˱ǿҡףϣҿĿռָҲ֪ܲɷ͸ңΪǰʹõԪ۷屦ҲԸء
ˣ˵ʲô
Сӣ
ⲻ߶ʱȣɱ
ⲻȻҲһŭСѣҪԷ𣿡
Ե⻹Ǹѧ̵з
㡭ϷŪң
ϲǷҴϣӦٶȾǳܱȣһ۾ͿϷŪ㡣һ޵ı˵

ڳԻ䣬ⲻĽ۷ʦһһұɱ򳽻ԣͼһٽֱɱ
ԪǶϯͬһž򳽻ԣĬϿɼֶԵѾŶ꾭飬ѰĽ۷ϿҲֲ˶á
ⲻһĻҲǸֳһĨЦ
ԵʵȻëԿĽ״ʦǿ߶һնɱⲻڷҵĶϣȻǸġ
Ƕֵʵ޷Ը״ʦѰĽ۷ʦҲϼ̫á
Ҿ֮Ĺ
˳Լ΢䡣
ݡ
εĽ·ƿմ̳˲һλǰ
ã
ҳϺܿͲνȻûӦ񹥻ľ飬Ψһľǵеľеֵ
ꡭ
ȻȻʱ˷Գһ֮ĹڼƬ̺󣬱ͬ㣬ݿɷ飬Ҳѿ
ƿͨ챾죬Ҳܻ
ʲô
ⲻһϼһĻɫǴ䣬ŨŨľ֮ɫǵϸֳ
ˣ
ؼʱ̣ⲻڷӦһϴȵ
ͣ
ģһ졣
ôôǿ
ҵڶλϿŶԼ齣гţͲףͲǶֵĳԣȻּͽǸնɱˡ
ʵǷҴ϶ӵУֻзҵļʵ
ȥɡԵһЦ齣Ŀ˷ⲻѡ̸أǽĿռָø̸
ĳȻ˴ֻǿĿռָ㽻㾹ȻͲɱҷλϣһ㸶ʹۡ
ⲻλϾôɱзǳԣһҼ֪ˣǴϣҲ
ˣҪģǽеȫƵԵϡ
Զⷬ˵ȻȥᣬԵǲ㽫ռָҰȻˣֻԼȡˡ
ݡ
£֮ѾٶȴӳԵľƿմ̳˲˷ⲻǰ͸Ժֱ侫硣
ԭǿ־񹥻ɱҵķҳϡߡȻƾɱңֱǿЦҾͽ£ץҷҷҼ䡣ⲻһʱһɱ磬纣ľӿͬһͭǽڽ赲⡣
ҵľֻɱ״ʦµˣ״ʦľҸƲ
һ̽Ҳ֪˾Ĺжǿ˸ס
Ԫ
ݣ
ĽٶȴɱⲻԪ
СҲǰ׳󣬸
ⲻԾȻԼУ˫жʱֲɱȻʣ貵ǹֶ£ֱӽԵĹ赲⡣


321 
ⲻǿҸĶ֡˵ĸֶΣԪҿ¶Ʋһ£Ҳ֪Լ״ʦ֮Ĳࡣ
ĿģҲǴﵽˡ
ϹȻ񹦸޵УϲǶ֡ʩչԵһ֮Ѿ˳ʮס
ߡȻ֪ҵĶ֣Ӧ֪ɱҵ飬ֻѪϴˢȳޡ
ⲻ˵ɱ
ϲģ㻹ΪǺ۸ɣſڱտڶɱվϲĹСŭȵ
Ҳߣһɱ
ⲻΪеʵȫǸ
Ҳó˫Ѿֻһܽ޻⡣
ˣԶҵĶ֣ƾǼСඣҲҽ֣ⲻĿɨһۣǵΪձﵽ˶۷ʦǴﵽ۷ʦֻһһ״ʦʱ΢һĨ֮ɫû뵽߾Ȼ˶Ĵʦ֡
ЩĽʦûﵽߣ벻ۡ
ɲţЩÿźͳһԽսʵ
СඣϣȻ㿴ЩֵܣֻǳָˡšͺúݰɡԿⲻ飬кЦ֪Ŀֲʵ¾Ͳ˲мǵһʱѡܰɣ
Զ˵棬ǲ׼֣һ֣𣿡
ʮ֣ڵʵ״ʦܱǻܡ
֣˵ҲףֻܶԸѰĽ۷ʦ״ʦԸˡ
ܹжʮˣԷΪ飬໥֮£ǲصĻᱻⲻơ
÷ҴϷⲻλ״ʦ䵱ֱʻǲС򽣺֪ܿ˳Ե뷨ɵ̾
ԣϷָЩµΪ𣿼ȻˣϷЧһֺηۣɱܲ˰
ⲻȻҲǿ˳ԵĴ㣬ӿ޷εɱ⡣
СӣȻԼ״ʦˣֱд
ݡ
ӿɱͬʱⲻѾǿٳ
ɱ
һȣӭȥ
ʱ䣬һɰѪ֮ɢȻǲŶʮˣһ֮£ȴڣ߳
е˼
ⲻĿһһ֧飬治֪ôѵġҷҲһ֧Ķ飬ֻаˣҲ㹻ڱӹǳư˰
뵽㣬ⲻɱȻǼһ֣Щ˸ˣϳңҿһҽϲ飬ҿϤĽ̵
׳ա
ڷⲻΪ˻ͣ¿֮ʣһĻӦȴЩز
ǡ
һȺ׳գǷⲻ̬ٺãҲҲѹƲסĵɱһȺ˷Ϊ͵Ĺ

ĹȻ͡ȴǿӦĹһһֵ
ⲻһʱ޷ɱˣɵͨԼ״ʦȻһЩ״ʦɱˣ⴫ȥĻˣ
һʱ䣬ⲻͣʩչ־СɱУܹǰЩˡ
ⷬú˳Ե⡣
ⲻϰҶе᲻ɱˡ
Կźܿͽ״̬ķⲻһĨЦ⣬ϻãܷ󷨣ռ䣬˷ҴϣȻ䵱Щܰ
˷ģھͿʼ󡣡
ϵЦڳϻõȻֶֻһ֣ռܶʱһȦȦҳʩչĽֽͬ㱻ȥһŨϻɢ˲佫ⲻڡ
Ũɢɽͷֻʣ³һˡ
˼һʡҲʱˡһȻˣҽ̷׾ʵɡ
Ҳռ䣬ϻɽͷһ󣬿ʼ
࡭
һʱһ׾Կۣûж룬ͷ¡

ʱ䣬һɰ·˿˿˲鳽ȫÿһ䣬ϸԽͺ󺣡
Ǹ󺣣ǳԵĵ
׾֮ŵдݶ޶
ָоóԸеһЩ֮С
׾ľ޲ǱһƬϺ죬׳󣬱ƽʱ׳
ȻһߣѪһȴǼٱ˷̷׾ľñ׳һֹ
ĵԼеԪͬ仯
һ׾ͽҵľǿ˳һϰٿŵ׾⡭
Լǽϰٿ׾ȫ̷ˣԼ彫ǿεȳ̶ȣԲɵЩ˷
˵ֱӽٶȡһ׾ٶ̷븹
͵ǿ
ֻԽڶ׾ȫɺüͷȴ̲סһεǿϴǿɲֹѲ׾ҵЧѾ󣿡
뵽ܣϲɸֳ֮ɫ
㲻㣬׵ӾŽʦ˶״ʦνǽ޴û뵽̷׾Чûеǰˡ
˵Գһлдһ˿ҵ
׾ٶţҲ˷ѡ
£ǽ̷˽ʮ׾
ĽӳǿЦı飬ɿһˡ
׾Ч˰
ԼΪΣȻʧĸо׾Ҳռ˲ٲϣڴѾãƳٿ׾˷ܲѣڴѡ
û뵽ĽȴǸһϷ绯ĸо
ֽ¾Ƿû뵽
׾ĺ𣿡Щضϵ׾Ժвɻζ𷽲̷׾ʱĸо
飬ƵľǿǱܡ
ͺרŷŴߵǱһ㡣
ﾡãȻҵѾʺʹ׾ˣһоҵҪ׾ҵľûЧ
ڴˣԷ·ֿϣһ㣬Ц⣬˵ٶ̷һ׾
׾ھİ£Ѿȫؽľ硣
͡
׾ͬڳԵ統
δӣһо볽ԵԺ̲ס˯ȥ


322 뿪
׾ÿʼֳҾô˹ȥεŬȻṦһ񡣲УΣҶΡ
żǿ־ȫԺеš
֮£еɫľ׾󣬾ǻһɫΪϽɫۻ롢ʵȻǴﵽ˶׳ڶʦĲΣֻһͿڴʦ
⡭׾Ȼһ죬ͬ׳һ㣬þҲø׳ۺ񡣡
һ󣬳ϲͬʱҲһ
Ƶ׾ûаװư
׾ľһ;

ոΪ˿ǹУ׾תٶ൱һ׾㻨˽ʱ䡣ٶȥҿ»̷ʮ׾Խ۷ʦмš
ʮ׾ƲҪʱ䡣
ˣļʱ䣬зⲻǸϼһﵱҲģҾͳ⼸ʱ䣬۷ʦҿܷ񽫾֮ٶ׳󣬵ʱ˵ҿһٶԸ״ʦǿˡд⡣
ǣļʱԲ߲ݣһ̷׾
ڲͣ׾֮£ľ׳̷׾ʱԷ֣׾ٶȣȻӿɣٶ̷׾Ҳ𽥼ӿ졣
ڵʱȫʮ׾ǿȣҲǴﵽ˶۷ʦ
УȫһϽɫľ⣬ɢءǿĸо
ǿ󣬾֮ҲǱøʵԭȵ͸ɫһ˿Ͻâ
Ǵﵽ۷ʦˣҪͻƵ״ʦҪٶʮ׾Сʮ׾ٶ̷Ҫһʱ䡣ԵţԺп˼ǷһͻƵ״ʦ
ǵ׾վǵҩȫŵҩվ·ʵڲܰʽͻƣǾͻʱ佫״ʦ
ھԪǿȣִͬһˡ֪ʩչԪܷԿ״ʦԳڴһȻʧԭ˷ռ䵱С
Щ쵰ҪʬΡʱķռУⲻѾտʼ緢״񣬲ͣضΧʩչСɱУͼߵһ顣
ÿһУӦȫǰļѱôࡣ
ţͻˣĿϴһۡ
ÿһ̳ݺᣬǰϵϢǿ࣬ⲻĽսУһͻƣΪĽ״ʦĲΡҲгһΪ״ʦ
ֹлǿ޶ȵھǵǱԿϲޱȣʵİ֪Ľ֪úַʽʵھⲻٿǰЧԾԼƺҵһķ
ԣ˵ҳȥȻһҷߣɱǣǼȮΪһƬ档Եĳ֣ܿ˷ⲻע⣬һɱŭ𣬶ʱĿб˳
ʱҲ֪ԼԸסˣʱԹְ취ҪӳȥսȻʧˡ
ص󷨣ƿġ
ȫס֣
һ
ԡ
ų
һݣսȦߡ
˷ܵصųⲻĥѾû̫ЧˣҪҪֱӳֽˣ
ϲǣ̶ʱ䣬Ϊٴһ̨סûлش⣬Ц˵
ٺٵ⻹ǶųҪųǰôһְǵΪҲô졣
ķѩӶǿҲǷλĽ״ʦ󲿷ֿʱֶǷ棬Ȼǲָ
Ų츳ҲֻڶʮǰΪ״ʦҪٽһû㹻Ļֻǿʱȥˡ
ϳԣԲǸϳ˵Ǹǰ״ʦĸֳ䵱
״ʦǷˣҲÿͿĴ¾ȻΪǵǰڷѩӶʱ붼ȥ顣
Ϊܹ֮ҪǵŬԼŬĻôǣǵĽҲޡ԰˰֣Ŀⲻϣ뿪
ϻңȻҳȥˣһɱǣͳͳɱ⡣
뿪ҲǲУֻҪҾС
Ϳ뿪
ⲻĿڳϴۣԾɵߵҵ°ܽôҺҽ֣ԭ⼸Ϊ˲١ҳʵ״ʦ¼Ѱ֣δͻƵĽ״ʦ㲻ҵĶ֡Ȼҽ֣ҳȫ㡣ְɡ
Ȼ˵ҪͳԽ֣ȴͷ󷨣ʼǿ͸Ҳ·ǳȷһ㣬Ǿ󷨾ǳܲá
ǳԣҲǳߵȺˡ
ȻЩˣǾ˵ڳԱһΪ󷨴ʦ
Ҫģǳ볽Դڼ䣬ԾԵǿ̬ԸסǸڰ󷨴ʦ󷨣Լųȥ
һ󷨵ĿƣץųԷǵ塣
ȻҳһԶŵˡֻҪܻң뿪
ಡ
Ի䣬һ֮䣬Ѿʮ׾룬˷ⲻǰ
ȿֲٶȣѾǲѷɫڷⲻˡ
ɱ뱣ֲܡ
ⲻڽһЦӼᶨ˶ԳԵɱ⣬ĨпܻΪҵĻ
ɱ
ⲻһгǧӰ򳽻ԡ
ݡ
ȻʱһϹ⽣Ӱǰһֱ֣ľ硣
ˣ㾹Ȼ͵Ϯң
еľҷӦⲻɫ΢䣬æ߶еİ羫žֶ֮ȥ
¡¡
꣡
ľԨ纣һɽֱӽԵľ֮ɷ顣
ţ
һĻʩչԪĳҲǷЩ仯ΪԼľ֮ѾԶ״ʦһЩӰ죬û뵽Ȼᱻݿ顣
ȽȫԤϣһ̣Ծ֮ʧȥġ
ֱǿЦȻͼҷⲻľ磬۷ʦÿԹҵľⲻЦһ˼ڽ


323 
ԣĿⲻһϸзⲻеѡ
һ۲죬ŵüͷǻɿȡ֮һĨ죬ԭⲻľһг˵ķг˵ľͱ¾Ѱϳ˱ͼֵҲԶԶ֮ϰɡ
û뵽۷ʦȻľ񹥻ֶΣѰ״ʦ»ܵӰ졣ɳˣǻˡȻϲþҾһ
ⲻЦš
Ѿ⣬Ҫػ˳ԣҿסԵľ磬ûκߵĿܡ

ľգۼʹӷⲻľӶ綾߰޿ײ˳Եľ磬ԾмΪʵϽɫⲻжԳǶһĨͣССͣȻ˾Ҳɱ֪ɳεȵز
ȵȡʵҲûҪɱֻҪƳһܾˡһųΪҷҵĿܣһô鰡
Խ룬ⲻе˷֮ԽΡ
Ҫɿܣϵ뷨Ǻõò˰ϧˣҳʱûеܵ뷨ڷϣͶл㾫ˣ
ȻʱԵĵЦȴͻȻڷⲻԺ

ⲻоһĲӳԵľɢ볽Ծео񶼱һɷ籩롣
¾
ⲻžȴһȾҪĶǾ¾
¾ҪԾĹ˵ǴſֲɱĿ¶Ǳ鵤ҩĴ֮
һӴľʱ¾գ˲ںϵ˳Եľ統С
ڲͻƣʱ
һϾĲӿž籩ϯ
ԭȴڶ۷ʦľڴ˿̶Ȼٶͻƣ״ʦľء
лϵĳȫˡ
ٶͻƣгޱȡ
ܣܵġôܻͻƣľŶ۷ʦ˽Ƚףôܿҵľͻƣⲻزţ¸ܵɢ״ʦľǲԸʵأԵ૵ûɣ㲻ܻͻƣһжǼ󣬶󷨵ԵʡҪƿ󷨣
УⲻѾǶΧռʩչǿ
ݡ
ͣ
ڷⲻոʩչһޱȺ⣬ȻգؿڴһƬѪ⡣

ⲻϵ궯Ϣ˲ֹͣͲȥؿڴ˿ڣǽĿͶ򳽻ԣǰܸܲң󷨾˭óģ
üͷ΢壬˵ϻõǵⲻѾǸ֮ˣ˵˳Ҳ޷󷨵ˣһԶ顣
Զ飿ȻǴ˵еԶ飡
ԵĻⲻĺͻȻü΢΢죬ӿȥȵ˷ܡ
󲻾ãⲻͻȻ˫Ҳǽܹܵδ
üͷ΢壬׷ⲻΪλ۾Ҳûȥ룬ⲻѾǸ֮ˡ
ҷҷʢ֮ڼҷⲻ
һ̣ⲻ˫ۻȻһЦ֮Ŀб
䣬ҲȻֹⲻϢ˲ɢ

Կǰµķⲻ֪ΪΣͻȻֲõĸо
ųҿϼһֱӳ⡣ǰŵϵķⲻЦ˵
ҡҡͷûȥᣬǰȥⲻĿռָȡ
ţⲻռָеıﾹȻ˵٣ǷҵĴ𣿡
ƳռָеľӡǺ󣬳Ժܿͽ쵽˿ռָеÿ䣬ĶеȴǲȴĴ󣬳˼г˱⣬û̫ı
ⲻһ״ʦǷҴϣϾȻô㶫ҵҪղӦڷҵļˡĿ΢΢˸ܿ˹
Ƭ̺󣬳Ŀ䵽˷ⲻеĳϣϸϸۣ¶֮ɫⳤȥһѰг˱ʵϾȻǷⲻղŵֵԾ֮ľ
ԳԲ޴á
޴磬͸ˣȻֻһг˱ȴһıŶЩ⽣ԳԲ޴ãý֣ȴûıԾ͸ɴཫ͸ˡ
ҡͷ˹أҲҪ㻹ԼðɣԺкʵıٸҲ١
ЦŽϣѾгֵıˣã°ɡ
ǡлˣ
Ҳǽ֮ˣôһ˵ҲͲپܾϣŨŨϲɫҲǺϲ
˵⼸ǵʵ˲٣ٶȱԤڵػҪ첻٣Һ⡣ٻһʱһ⼸ջ񣬵ǾͷѪɭּɱޡ
ǣų
˶ڳԵķԸȻκ飬æͷӦ
ԵͷȥѰһСӥ׾ʮŸСӥͬˣ̷׾ĻûкʵĹе弫пܻˡһ㳽ֻܵȷ󣬴ǹŷĽ׾ǡ
СӥͬСӥͼΪǿڷһЩΪѾͻƵײΣʽΪһޣ޵ǣҪֿס׾еûжѡ
óԸеɻȴǣСӥͻƵ޺޷ԡ
Դ˳ԵǲģϾСӥ̺ԶӥѪޡ
˵һЩԶ޺ᣬҪͻƵ޺󣬷ɿԡ
󳽻ֻ˰ʱ䣬ԪΪΪȫ״ʦĲΡ
ԪΪΪ˿Ѷȡ
ԼҲѪɭ֣ʶһĸ߽ˡ
һ뿪˷ռ䡣
СӣǳԣǸɱǷҴϵļһ
ԸһɽͷԼ˲䱻ϢϢÿһȷⲻ
رһϢȻǱȷⲻҪǿö࣬ȻǴﵽ״ʦĲΡ
˭
һеԪ׼ʱ֡
ӶԷȻ߲ơҶԷ˶ڣ״ʦǿߡ
Ȼոɱ˷ⲻȴŲˮ֣ʱķⲻ˽սҹ״̬Ͳȫʢʱڣܷӳʵȫʢʱڵɡ


324 
˿ڷⲻĸ֣ԼһȷⲻҪǿٵ״ʦԸûκʤ㡣
ɱǷҴϾȻ˭ߡСӣԹԵع¿ͷһһ˵ǷⲻдĻ˵ǻһһ״ʦųԺǳ
ţǷҵˣ
Ŀϴһۣ˶һָ߹֮УȻǾþϡǵʵڷⲻλҴϣȻǷҵĳϡ
ȻǷҴϣֻһˡ
Ҽ̫ƽԼҼܷ̫ܵա̫ԭ
ΪλԵûȥ룬ϾǵﲢԶҪӾܸϵ
Եüͷ΢΢Ȼ֪ΪζԷ֪Լɱ˷ⲻȻѾ֪һ㣬ǰ˵ΪҵˣڼԼ˺ӦֽԼնɱΪⲻԼλϱŶԡ
µǲ𣬷ԼͣԼĻǾԼһ
п϶жߡ
Ѹȷһ㡣
£ЦһǸ˵ˣλ״ʦҲǷҼ̫ƽظӦþǷҼ̫ƽɣɱǷҴϷⲻҲûʲôɣϵĶȻɱҶȡΪԱֻǽɱˡ
ȻҲ֪Ϊ㿿״ʦΪɱǷҴϣҲΪҪɱⲻΪһжص㡣
̫ƽĿֱӳԣǿϢԵңһΪЧͣҿһ򣬽
㣿ҪһΪЧͣ
·̫ƽһʵ״ʦȻ̲סЦв
ȻţԺȴǿ˼̫ƽΪҪԼ
Լɱ˷ⲻҴϣȥȻ÷ʧΪҼԼ϶ҪһʱնɱԼطҵ棬ʱֳ̬ܵȣȻΪǿƣҲɢɱɱס
̫ƽΪԼԸⲻԸҵһߣп϶ԭ
ܼ򵥵һ㣬ڷ̫ƽڷ̫ƽԼļֵ϶ҪȷⲻҪ߳١
ĻûԼɱԼ
ʱ򣬳ԺͻȻصⲻǰĻ
ҷҷʢ֮ڼҷⲻ
ѵӡй¶ȥˣ
뵽ܣԵжʱһ¡
ӡй¶ȥˣе߶չȫ׷ɱֱӡҵΪֹʱ½Խ֮ء
һ۷߸˳ԾǶڷռУҲԻᱻҳ
һʱ䣬Զǰˣʱ˱ɱ֮ġ
ֱӶ֣ΪȷܳǰˣǷб֪
ǲҵūͣΪЧͰ̫ƽԵı飬ʱҡͷһЦԶ飬ǿɲСƿصĶʶ㽲Զ齻ңһ㰲ȫ뿪
Զ飿
ԣľͬʱȴһ
Զ˵ȻҲرԶԶûзӡǰӰ
ȻǷӡҲ΢ˡ
ӡй¶ȥˣ治֪ô졣
ԭǿϵԶ飬ܿϧԶѾΪҲٽ㡣û˵Ļһе£ˡԵһЦЦ䣬ξͻһӰɽ·ȥ
ٶ֮죬̫ƽһʱ䶼ûӦ
Сӣߣվס
Ȼڳ΢΢ɣΪϾ˦̫ƽ֮ʣһȻǰǼһӰԪɽ㳯
Ȼһ۷塭һ۷Ĵʦ
ͻȻֵоûٻԸ̫ƽȻĻԼҪ鷳ˡ
۷ʦҳҪߣҲסҡ
һȥ۷ʦĹһ˲ʮ׿⣬˶ԷĹٶٶȼӿ죬һϰ׵ľ롣
ôСӣٶȾȻô죬ֱѷɫˡ״ʦΪķ̫ƽųԿıӰɫ˵
ȥƺһ㶼ĳԻӵƵġ
˵ţ̫ƽְسԵ۷ʦ׿ոնлˡģԶһ˳һ취ʵȥԺһưԱӹǣǳưӿ
Щϻͱ˵ˣ㻹ǿȥɣĵطǵ岢ԶҳܵķƺѪɭᷢʡ׿һʮӣųԵıӰɫǺܺÿ
ոȫ֣ȻûܽһСС״ʦ˵ֱǳ衣
ãȻ㵣ĳǸСӻߣҾҶȥ̫ƽͷһ϶콫ͷٻȻǰȥƬ̣Һ׿Ͼ͸ϵ
ǣ硣
̫ͷһӣһֻһߵľ޴ޣǰ
Ʒķޣ
ϡ
һӴһ׹⣬ųȥķ¡
Ҳȥɡ
׿˵һҲȷ̫ƽͶٶ׷ȥ
硭
ʲôҲ˵ȥóԸˡ̫ƽ׿ıӰֹҪ˵Щʲôķ̫ԭҲǸȥ
ԣҿ㻹ӣվס
ӹ򣬳Űķ̫գǿ·Ӱǳԡ
£һȣηݶ£ųԽɱȥ
¡¡
״ʦİ羫ЯſֲĳܵľųԹȥ
ңЦ
һ֮˲׼ķ̫վ硣
̫տɲⲻž֮ľȻû飬Ҳһҵ𵴣ԴʹѣҪըһ㡣
ţ
һ̣һǿҵϢ˲䴫̫ոоԼҪ֪̿ǳԳô˻Լ˹
͡
̫ղ״ʦǿߣڲΣĵһʱ䣬ǿŤԼҪλö˿ȥ齣Ľâļͷһֻ첲ŨŨѪ⣬

ֲľʹ÷̫̲סһ
ô׷ˣˣһ
Կһۺ˺üķ̫գջǾټתӿٶ׼ߡ


325 ӥ
ԣӲģ񣡡
̫ճԹߵĺڳԵ
ſͷϣһͷ޴İ
ѹô׷ˣԭһͷް̧ͷ۰΢΢һĨмĻȣΪзޣҾûôСӥ
ϡ
һΪӥ֮Ȼ𣬿ӰƾճڳԣչɿȻȰҪСЩӰϵƣȴǳȡԵϢؽƷ޸ѹסˡ
Сӥ
ʱСӥŵɫߣ׵ӹ
СӥΪͻ˰
ĿСӥϴۣŴϴ׶Ʒ۷Ϣɵ𾪵
Ǽǵ÷ǳ׾СӥʱСӥһƷޣȻ²ʱ䣬СӥȻͽΪ׶ƷΡ
СӥڳԺ𣬡ոһ̷˶ʮ׾Ϊȷ˲١
ʱ̷ʮ׾ԶʱȻ
ٶȣʵóЩˣ̷ʮ׾ʱ䰡
ȻСӥΪ׶ƷΣΪǴһƷ׶ƷͻƵƷҪʮ׾УͻƵƷƻࡣҡҡͷȻСӥ׾ΪٶȺܿ죬׾ҲгٿţԲõСӥȥȻʵЩ˷ˡ
Сӥ뿪
ԿԽԽķ̫ƽˣٶ룬һݣ䵽Сӥıϡ
ϡ
СӥУͬʸ㳯ǰȥ
֪ΪΣڷ֮ǰͷһİ
ˣôСôҲӵзޣз޲׶ƷҵƷҿôӵóҵơ̫ŭһֱ۱ն֮ҪܷŹԡ
񡭡
ţ̧̫ͷʹһ
Ȼ̧ͷȴųԼ۶ȥıӰ
׼ȷ˵ǱųµСӥ
Сӥӿٶȣֻ׷ˣȻƷޣס˾Ͳˣ˦
ҲǸӦ񣬵æСӥ˵
ȻСӥĻشȴóһȻ粻õģͷѾҽΣǡ
˵ʲôˣʲôʱ£ô֪
ٺ٣ڸո뿪ʱһͽշˡȻЦԵΪ⡣
ԣԻͷһ۰񣬲ҡͷһЦ֪̫ڵ֪󣬻᲻ÿѪϼˡ
磬Ȼͷ񲻻˺ǣһǱݻǽȥģʵ
ԳһȻѪɭ֣ǾȥڵʵֻҪƷϵޣûġ
ϡӦٶȶȻӿ졣
ϡ
İ״ҲһӿٶȸϣͺһҳϵĻں档
϶أ
̫ƽ˸ϵ̫ߺ󣬵̫ˣֲӰ󣬼˵
Ǹˣ̫ɫѿ˵ǸԵʵǿҸ޷ס
̫ƽ۷̫յĶϱۣӿռָȡһƿҩȷµҩˡ
㲻зôᱻǸӵӹǸ׿һ˵
ԸҶˣҿȶɡ̫ƽ˵׿ķ̫յƣΪ̫յ״磬ȻҪġ
̫Ҳ÷̫ƽΪѣ˵˵Ҿ޷ԾסԣҲԳǣǸԵֶ̫ˣʵǿϾȻҲһͷޣٶȲҵ
ʲôԾȻҲһͷޣٶȻԣ׿̫ƽҲɫ΢䡣
׿ɫصĻǻ׽סѶȾʹˡﻹѪɭ֣ʮѪɭˣȻΪҲҴΪǻ٣϶Ѫɭ֣ǵǿѰˡߡһҵǸСӣȵõԶһҪʬΡ
̫ƽҲǵͷȴ֪˵Щʲô
̫տ׿ͷ̫ƽ磬ȻŷޣѾȥˣҵԼ飬ܹӦλãڵȷѪɭֵ
ûԼͬ⣬ûԼкϳԣ̫Ҳ֪ԭ򣬵һȻǲ˵
㡭˵ʲôѪɭȷ
ԣ׿¶֮ɫܡ״ʦôѪɭ֣ǵʦǿߣҲѪɭֻ֡ҪѪɭһͷޣһͷƷޣҲǱɵ³ôԼȥЦ
ȻҲ֪ΪʲôѪɭ֣ĵȷȷҪѪɭ֣ҾѾʮˡ̫һ߸Ӧλãһ˵ţͻȻĿһͣˣ֪׼ϢǱѪɭֵ޸ˡ
Ҳ϶Ǳ޸ˣʵͼѪɭ˵ѪɭڲΣѪɭⲿĸΣҲ״ʦܹӦġ׿˷ܵ˵̫գ׷ȥϣԿ֧ŵǵ
̫տ۷̫ƽ̫ƽͷŴӦһڷ̫յĴ·£Űڵķٱȥ
磬ͷӥȻƷޣȴȺޣһ־ǳһͷڳͷ䵥ģܸдǵͬ飬㿴ֱƹǣȽշǰͷӥѯʵ
ոѪɭʱû뵽·ȴɱͷӥ
ӥƷޣǵóսɱٶһ棬ȴǲƷİ
ͷӥ䵥ΪʱҲ飬ֶˣֻʳû뵽һ־Ȼײ˳ԡ
ͷӥû֣Ϊɵضųİ
ǿǱǻ߳һ׵Ʒޡ
ڳԺСӥΪϵϢȥûʲô֮ȻȻؾͱͷӥֱӹˡ
ԺȻһЦȻշ˲ٵޣȴû٣Ⱥķӥ֣ҵȻܷŹûᡣ
ãȻҪշͷޣҾһ߷ֹߡСӥ˵ΪͻƵ׶ƷСӥǶƷޣһİգ˵ǰЩóսķӥˡ
ԵͷٶԣζȻӳֱһͷӥ
ٶȣȻǱѰƷ޻Ҫࡣ


326 ɱ׿
Сġ
Աȿֲٶȣӥжʱһ

ѵȴǲû̫ãԾֻʣ֮ʣٶٶ˲һͷӥǰֲľֱ͸꣬¾߶˲ȫ͸ͷķӥ꣬ȫס
ʮףʵȻһʦҿӣɢߡʣµͷӥжʱ¶֮ɫͬʱѾ
ݡ
ǲŸһ룬ԾѾٳķӥʯ֮Ϳꡣ
׼ʱСӥҲǶȻӳһͷܵķӥմ䣬ֳһͷӥ׷˹ȥ
ԵһʱǰͷķӥסĿ⿴۳ͬķӥһĨź֮ɫͷӥСӥֻ׽һͷһͷҪˡ
ϡ
Ƭ̣Сӥٷ˻һͷӥԹԵظ
磬Щӥ̫ƻˣȻֿߣֻ׽һͷˡСӥسԣЩǸ˵
Ҳ׽ͷӥˣһͷҲûʲô
ҡҡͷʾްǰСӥķӥҲס
ϡ
ʱԶٶһ
쿴ͷȻְǽͷӥ׽ˡ
Сӥ˷ܵ˵
̧ͷȥȻǼð߷ӶҲǹԹԵظһͷӥ
ͷѵǱСӥˣ
΢΢Щɻ󣬲Ҳûȥ룬ȰͷӥغֱǰӥסŰȭлˣ
лңֻ顣
ҡҡͷһд
磬ĸģ
СӥһʱȵŴͣǰȥ˵
СӥⲻǸƵбҪô˷𣿡Կһ˷ܵСӥΪ
Сӥ˸۵磬Ǳ֪Ϊ쿴Ůһ𲻼ʰ˵ˣֻƵһܵȻһֻƵұҪӿٶȡܹԣȻһֱ˵Ǿͱˡơ磬

Ըˡ
ҲСӥ˼Ҳ룬Ű̽ʵǾʦѾ֪ˣҴշ㣬֪ǷԸң
Դ񣬳ҲǴԴϾոհ񻹰һѡ
ƺϵԻ˵ⷬû˵ҪԼŭΪ˵ضԳԵ˵Դݼˣ
ãԺͺСӥһɡСӥʱ޷ԣ֮ʲôһæġ˵ⷬͻȻĸоԼһмƵġ
סԾռ䡣
ʱĵǿϢȻгǰһϢֱӶԳԷΪ͵Ĺ
¡¡
ۻԪƿռ䣬׺ݵسųԵͷ¡
ô׷ˣ
ϢеϤоԵһʱϳ˶ԷݣǰҪԼضµ۷ʦ
ˣ
۷ʦԲ˿ʩչֱ˿
ǰ㣬ҹԹܷ
׿ıȻը죬Ϊ͵ĹֱӺ򳽻ԣͬʱԪĵ֮£γεǽι̶˲á
ʲô
һʱ˲ãԵɫʱѿ
ݡ
ؼʱ̣ҲݳԶ룬ԪֱʩչΪǿĹ
飡
һԪĽȴ綹㱻飬ֱǲһ
һ̣ظܵ״ʦǿᣬܶԿ
͡
ۻԪƿԪֱӺ˳ԵϡʣѾһ룬ǳһߣǿޱȣڳȻ̲סѪͬ߷󵹷˳ȥ
硭
һĻСӥոջΪ˵飬˲ɢһɿµϢֱ׿ȥ
ٶ֮죬׿һλʶ۷ʦͫҲǲ
ݡ
ɫâƿռ䣬ͬطλն׿ͬʱһҲǴ˳ԣ磬ȥҸϺ󡣡
Сӥ
磬ڲԥʱ򣡡
Ͽա
Դһסϵľʹڰϣֱա
Ǹ˺СӥǴϷҲҪʬΣ
պ󣬳ԲûȥϿʮ״ŵϵСӥ׿˫Уɱ͸¡
Ϊƾ׶ƷΪסҲɣСӥ׿ͲԸʱһ֣ɱԷˣֲԪ˫ۣСӥŭĶȥ

һƣСӥٶȸͲܶؿȥСӥӥ۵Ҳһ֮ɫֱӽֵǰ
飡
׿صСӥϣѪʱСӥĳ͸Сӥȴ·ûвһ㣬е֮ɫŨ˼㡣
ݡ
һ̣ϹⶸȻ¼һϹںΪһΪһһ߳ŨϹ⡣
͡
Ϲ磬ֱӴ׿ļ򴦻ұСӶ
Ѫɽ
ӥԵС
УһȣͷӥʱڰգҲȫ˷ӥıϡ
ɱ
ݡ
Ҫϸ˵ɱ¾ϰΪȻˣһʱ佫Ѫӡ߶˼£ѪϢϱѸǰ۳һɸߵѪӡ
ͬʱѪӡĶˣȻվһӰ򽣡
ݡ
վѪӡϵͬһӰͣ轣ܽݺᣬ춷
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѫӡ֮з·̲һľ콣
ɱ
򽣵һɱŭȣѪӡͬݵһźܣŵϵ׿ɱȥ
͡
һӴѪӡ˵׿޷ֵܣֱӱѪӡû
Сӥߡ
һȡ
ݡ
СӥæӶ𣬽뵽˷ռ䵱УǳŰѸٷ롣
ԣȻеơ
ķ̫ƽֵǰһĻɫص
û뵽оȻһôǿղЩֵĺϻ¾Ҳֵ̫ƽųȥķЩµ˵


327 Ҳ̶
ոһǲ롣
磬׿ʵ̫أֻϵܽȺˣֻʣţЩ᲻á̫տ۵ѪУһϢ׿ҡͷ˵
ʱķ̫հӼȫˣѪһأӶ˳Ҳ̶á
ˣͨ˵ĻͶˡ
Ϊ۷ʦ׿ǿȴһ
ҡҵĿռָлвٱҿԽЩȫ㣬Ƿһһ˿ľ񲨶̫ƽ׿޷˵ֻѡʹþд
̫ƽ׿ûǶŷ̫յͷôᱻԸշȥ
Ҳ֪ǸȻң´һҪˡ̫һƷŭΪ׷ٳԣû뵽Ȼתԡ
ţ´˰һҪɱˣñ֪ӵй񣬲Ȼ˻ΪǺͳ֮йᡣ̫ƽ˵ͷɱɭɭص
ǹ᳽ԣ
̫һ㶣˷̫ƽ˼Լޣȴ˳ԵޣѲǺͳŲǳĹϵ
Ǵ磬׿֪˳԰ҪҪһ᣿̫տŵϵ׿ʵ
̫ƽЦһǰ񣬳˵Ӳߡ׿ֱ˳ӣĽ𣿡
ô죿¸˳죬ǷҲΣˣ̫յǵص
磬ѵ㲻֪ǲ˵𣿡
һֱûڵķ̫ԭ˵гһӣֱӶ׿ʺıҡ
׿ûڳϣȴͬ˵ϡ
ܣɱ׿⡭
ˣɱ׿Ĳңǳԣ̫ԭ𳤽Ƴһ۵ϵ׿Ųм֮ɫ
ҶˣȻʹʱҪԸľͲǣǳˡǷҲκΣգԽԸԡ
̫˹
ǰʩչԸ׿ˣ֪ûӡҸоǰ̫ƽͻȻ˵
˵ǸʹӣҲеӡ󣬺һ̫ԭҲǵͷ
ʱŵķ̫պʲôأԵ磬ʮǰذǸˣʲôģһˣǲμӰٳѡΡ
̫ôһ˵̫ƽͷǰûĻӦҲǵˡ
磬ںͣˣڶϷŶʮ⣬ƺһƬɽȵشѪɭֻʣ²û´ĻӦͣˡ̫ڱϾͰԼϵԵһʱλãӶܹȷԵλˡ
ãܣڷǵ壬Ǿȥ׷ٳԡͬʱ죬ǳɱ׿ҸǵˣƶǲǡͱŸ׹ˣǵ˰ɡ
ǣ硣
̫ͷҲʱ䣬ٶȳǵķȥ
ܣߣȥǳΡ̫ƽǰɭȻ

ɫ𽥻谵ɭеĹ߸һƬɽȵشԸԼ״ֵСӥƣǾҸȫ֮һ
ڿƬ̺󣬳ðһɽȵشɽܶΣͱڣԼٴССĶѨ
ЩѨʶؾԶ֮ǳԼδѾǱѪɭޣЩѨУʮа˾Ż޳û
ûƷϵޣԲȱƷϵޣ϶һΪɹ۵֡
һ䵹ϣⱻ޷ֱ֣ӽ뵽˷ռ䵱УԼҲͬ˷ռ䡣
ԣΣû°ɣ
磬ôˣ
һ뵽ռ䣬򽣳̵˱ǰеѯʵ
ҵƲ޴󰭣һ󼴿ɡҡҡͷֱڲԶ˵СӥСӥˣ
뵣ģѾסˣЩأҪЩʱղȫȬСӥЦЦ
һû¾ͺãǽһʱ䣬ֵһ˰ɡ
ԴЩЦĻȴСӥĬ
Сӥôˣɻʵ
СӥһĨԵļѣάƬ̣Ǳᶨȡ磬һ֮ԻôǣҾӦΪǷǸ˵Լ飬ԸܵλãԾܹҵˡΪҲǣ磬㽫߰ɡ
ߣ
Կ˲ԶһۣȴҡͷСӥͲȥˣҲġǰҲµԭԽ㲻˵ߵˡ
硭
Сӥ۾΢΢Щлл㣡
ֵ˵Щʲôú˰ɣˣƻٲһս԰˰ֵ
ţһᾡ콫ƵáǼ飬һŹǡСӥݺݵ˵
ԵͷˣڵŴҲ֪һЩˣӹǷҵĸ׷ɱһ״ʦû㹻ʵֻǳڶˡ
ųһᾡʵġ
˵
ǸոȻַϵ׿λ۷ʦҪΪãʱ׿ˡֵʵȻĹѰ״ʦȫһǿһ״ʦսĽ϶ǲҰܡ
ʣµļ۷ʦҲ콫Ϊ״ʦĲΣп֮±ɱ״ʦʵ
ЩҲ֪йؼж¶ᶨ֮ɫһҪ̵ʱΪͻƵ״ʦ
ˣҲҪ̫ѹȻ˺ǿҲǺǵġԲеɫɵ˵
֪֪ǰǷϵǸ۷ʦʲôݣĿһԵİʵ
ˣǸǱӹǵĸ׿Ϊ˼ΪݶǱҵļԸġ
ȻǱӹǵĸ
ԣɫ΢΢һ䣬üͷ
ԷǱӹǸЩ鷳ˡ
ʵ֪֪ҳ˷̫ƽλûи
ͷ֣صصУҵϼסҲǷ̫ƽĸףһ߽״ʦǿߡңһߣսΪǿᡣǵ塣
߽״ʦһߡüͷ΢΢һšб߽״ʦΣΪȥˣһˡ


328 ۷ʦ
û˷ʱ䣬ֱϥ¿ʼָơ
򽣵˼״Ҳ׷˿ŵԡ
˿󣬿۽˫۵ĳԣĿһ˿ʹ֮ɫΪ˸ǳңҲһƴŬڳʢˣһŬҸﲻһæ
ҵ츳һ㣬޷֡ѵҾһֱǸƿܰһæ𣿡̿ţϵʹ֮ɫŨ
СǰⲻǸϼһ˵ս㿴𣿡
ʱͻȻһϵ
æȥϻá
ôˣȻûϻĹҲ֪ϻǳԵˣԵûнţֱʵ
ϻ΢΢һЦ֪֪ʱⲻΪʲôأ
ԣĿһΪǸ󷨡Ǹ󷨺أһεļһ㣬ϵϢȫôŬӲߡ˵һ󷨣עԶӲʦ󷨸
һЩѰʦ󷨣ȴܹһ۾Ϳ͸Ȼӵп֮۵˻ءϻһĨɬζϷҲпۣܹ֮ɹóˡ
˼ңôˣ
̼ϻúϵһĨ֮ɫɵõʵ
ϻҡҡͷСã֪ɷԸѧϰ󷨣ҿԽһѧҴڸ㡣
ѧϰ󷨣ѧʲôأ㱾Ѿһ󷨸ˣ԰ﵽܶæҸѧҲٰܰ
ǺǣֻҪѧɾͱȻܹҡ˵ʱܲܰأϻЦЦ
ģ
Ȼ
ʦϣͽһݡ

ϻ¶һĨο֮ɫҲᶨȻҽ޷ΪһʦҾһʦ
һĻУʱޱĽǿǷǳϻһز¶ĸ֣һ󷨴ʦܹϻΪʦĻ
Ҳǿʼ˿
ǣռеնʼ仯еƺҲֽиУ޲ǿʼƴ
ƴʵ
һʱ󣬳Եȫָ˹
ڵʵ˵նɱ״ʦ״ʦذɡҷҲ״ʦһ߽״ʦұ˵Կܷ߶Ǹ⡣Ȼ״ʦΪ߽״ʦϲܱס޷ߣҾͳĽ״ʦʱ޷Կ߽״ʦ޷Կ״ʦ
а˼ţȫԳڲڷռ䣬һֱȥֱԼΪԿ߽״ʦʱ뿪
ͷԺһ֣ͱԹϵĨȥ
ΪһߣѻΣվѡӱܣӭӣܹΪһǿߣ
Ҳ˻óԺɵԼᶨԭ
󣬳Բٵʱ䣬ͳ׾ʼ
һššš
һ졢졢졭
ʱˮգȥ
ʱ䣬̷˶ʮ׾󣬾۷ʦĲΡ
۷ʦ󣬳ȴǸоԼľҲ޷̷׾Ҳ޷ľ
ӳ״ʦн״ʦȷһ޴ĿҪͻƣµ̷׾Щ
۾üͷ΢΢š
û뵽۷ʦͻƵĽ״ʦȻѡ
̷ʮ׾ľѾ۷ʦ磬׾ȻľͻƵĽ״ʦֻһһζȥ
Ȼһ£ǾΪӿһǰˣÿһʵޱȣǵëȡԭ򣬱ΪǰˣΪȫﵽĽ״ʦľ硣
ҪͻƵĽ״ʦ»ѰȻˣҾȽԪΪȥ
ڴˣٶȽ״̬ʼʹԼԪΪ
һպ󣬳ԵԪҲ۷ʦľ硣
۷ʦԿ߽״ʦ
Կһֱվ
һ̣һ֣Ѿʧڷռ䵱С
ϡҹɪɪ
žɽʱһ㤵޺ëȻ
ݡ
һ˿΢һݵӰƾճ֡
ǳԣ
ɱҵ˹Ȼưոݡ
һ֣Ծᵽ˿е˿˿ɱڿУһ˿ϤϢǷⲻʩչĽ
ڴˣ׼
ӣ
ûκԥֱӳɽⱩӶȥ
ڳˣû뵽ھȻͼߣҹԹܷ
ԣǵȺʱóԼ鶼޷ٳ㣬ҲߡϸվסԶгҪ
ˣǷϼסԶ㶯֣Ӧøеңͣ£һһǷūһ

ͬʱʮӰֱӲͬķλӳÿΪһ飬֮Ƴų԰Χȥ
óǵȴһѾá
ץסҳԣǾͿûˡҪδңǵץסȥ۰ɡЦһĿЩһɨԷ̫ԭλ״ʦΪ׵ķɱ˹ȥ
ʱȻ֪ô
̫ԭѡͻΧ֪ΧʵɫҲǷǳѿ
ɱ
һ״ʦĺԪʱںХһɳԪŭ򳽻ԡ
״ʦ
Ŀڷ̫ԭһɨв¶ۼһĨм
ɱ
ݡ
֮ȻľбֱԪĹд͸ֱӳɱ˴ķ̫ԭ硣
ԵΣҲһ˸㿪ԪĹֱ̫ԭ
¡¡
ֱӳ̫ԭľ磬һ񱩵ľ籩ϯ˲ǣסΧۻľ
ͺ֮Ͷ뵽ҩ䣬˲䱬ը
ʲô񹥻ѹơѹס
ܵеľޱ䣬̫ԭɫǷ˱仯ӿֳһĨֻ֮ɫæתѹסе𵴡
̫ԭһ״ʦԵľȻƿľľһˣҲܽһնɱ

ڳ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ΪĿģȻﵽ
Ԫ
ݡ
ͣ
ĽһĨȻϹ⣬ƿ˲û˸ոѹס綯ķ̫ԭʺ


329 ӣ
ôܣ
źıԼķţ̫ԭ¶ŨŨš
벻״ʦȻһ״ʦϣǰζֵܳ顣
үȻɱˣ
һСС״ʦȻɱү⡭
ڷ̫ԭ״ʦһĻͫ׶ʱɴ󣬲ǰһĻģһʱȫľ
ݡ
Ըǣһնɱ˷̫ԭѾǳԶӶ
󣬾ȻɱǷ˭ҲȲ㣬ɡ
һЯŨŨŭɱĲŭ쳹ɽȣҪԵĶĤˡ
߽״ʦ
Ըûͷ֪Ƿҵϼˡ
ʱһͷϻýȻСӥ뿪
ΪСӥֵһ̣Ȼᵢһ˿ʱ䡣
ڼ䣬ԷȻԳԷΪ͵Ĺ
ӣ
Ϊ֮ƣֻٶ룬ٶȸ˿
Ȼٶٿ죬ǿѰ״ʦ߽״ʦǰԵ̫ˡ

䡭
һӳһȺ嫵Ԫ·һͷޣ͵˳Եĺϡ
ͣ
ܵش³һߣҲһҷλһ㣬ѪҪǮش¶
Բ˿ͣͣһһĳ֮Ȼٶȼӿ졣
˶ʱ㾹Ȼߣɣ
ֲϢڳѸٽӽԲͷҲµϼѾԼԽԽ
ոһΪЩԶֻǽˡٸһҾ㲻ҲԶˡ
ԲһͷȥѸ˼֮ơ

ӣûİ취
עȻᱻԷ׷ϣȻȫһնɱ
ҲӲƴֻ·һȻˣҲùҪɱңҲҪøʹ۵׼
¶ɫʣĿΧһɨܿ˾һڶѨ
ݡ
ûƬ̵ԥԵĳһתֱӳǸѨȥ

һɰԪٶȴӳԵ֡
ҧҧջûлͷƾǵ䵽ԼϣֲԪⷭڣǰһڣֱӻʹȥ
Ժݺݵҧһ⣬ͷѡ
ǽĳǵѨ
ǸһӽѨˣھ׷ɱȥʬΣܱ𡣡̫ƽ価Ѩûоʹ˰ݵĴ㣬ɱڵسɽȥ
վס
ϼⲻɽ̫ƽ£ؿǰڵĶѨһ״ʦѾˣ㣬ȥɱˡ
ϼҡ
ѵΥҵ
ǶѨ
ͣ
״ʦ˵ʲôⲻɽѾһĶͷϣԴֱ顣
󣬷ⲻɽһ״ʦȥ
ϼڼﻹһʮŮûܻϣϼտҵŮ
ģȷرӹǣһᰲٺŮ
״ʦһͷϵسŶѨȥ

̫ƽߵⲻɽǰոҳ嶯ˡ
ްҲ֪ɱУʵҲֳСӣв̫ˡⲻɽ˰֡
̫ƽͬصͷһʱŸͻƵ״ʦûãոֳʵǴﵽ۷ʦرսǰ״ʦսЩ¾Ȼ׵ɱȳɳٶȣʵֲ̫ˡ
һΣǵòԶ飬ҲһҪԸȻٸʱɳȥԻвǷҡֲȶӣǱҪɳĨɱⲻɽɭȻ˵ڶѨȺΣóˡˣҲҪڳŷġ


һ붴ѨԾͷԼ岻Ͻ䣬һƬڣֻзХ
ƻڿ֮ڣ΢סԼ½ٶȣôȥԻˤ÷ǡ
飡
״̬һӣԵ˵ϣҵһͷĿѣ
ոȻҿ壬½ٶȼ٣ÿȻףոҲ½һʱ䣬˵Ѩų׵ȡȻϵһ㣬޷סԼ壬ڿ϶ˤɷ顣
С
ʱΧֲָĺڰУͻȻֳһâŹâһֵģһ΢졣
ССС
һ֣ͶȻܼŵһɭȻ֮С
һ̣һɣڴִ󣬻˸ŻĳߣһڰĽ䴦ж
ߵĳ֣ڶһʱж߷׷״Ӹ䴦ж
һȥϰЩɢĻâѨյޱȣѨڳŨŨĻâ
ЩâһɸΪŨѪζ̲סŻ
ЩߣÿµϢ
ĿЩɨ¶һĨ֮ɫΪЩɢϢĶﵽƷ޵ĲΣ󲿷ֶƷ޵ĳ̶ȣǰļǴﵽƷ
࣬ĵʱ㾹ȻͳˣǸ˰
ʱΪ׵һɳĳ߿ԣһɭ
ɢϢΪ£κһһ߶Ҫǿö࣬ȻǴﵽƷĲΡ
ţʲô˼
ԷһĪĻжɻ

ʱͷ֮ϣһӰƮǰҪԵ״ʦ
һͨ״ʦ졣ͷƷĳۣһƮµ״ʦɫȻ̽һɶ೤
ԶʱеһŨŨȳζʱӭʱܲЩĿֱͷϣֻ״ʦûӦͱŸס֩еӣôҲѲˡ
ݡ
࡭
󣬳ߵһǽ״ʦУ̽˸С
˵ߵ廹ִҪһ࣬϶Щѣ״ʦһڣһڻ
Ȼλ״ʦڶ̶̲һʱѾˡ
˻
״Բɵõһȫ
ôȣʵҸϣޱȣҿϵľ̷ֻľܹʵľ̫ˣ˵û̫


330 
ƷĳɭĿ䵽˳ϣͲͬˣܹܵ㲻壬ǾΪģеĸ߽״ʦûľر壬Ȼұĸоζһû첻һúһ͡
ҵͣΪĶһװң
Ƴһǰߣ¶һĨЦ⡣
ȻԷһǿƷޣҹֶηѰܱȣ߽״ʦ϶ֵô
Կûκϣ

зӡ
ǵĶѨ㻹Ϊܻȥھ㿴ҵĶܲװ㡣ЦţʼûԷҳԣҲΪڶѨеƣҵȤȴû뵽ԾȻ
ݡ
߿еһųԵȥ
һгԣԿԵһʱ佫סá
͡
ɫӸҪ䵽ʱԵͻȻһáһ̣Ȼ׿⡣
˵ĶӻݲңҲûȤĶӡЦһ붴ѨѾû˽ȫ˲ռ䣬ȻٳڷԲʮ⡣
㡭ߣҾͲܶ㿪
߸տʼҲһ㶣һ뵽Բ۷ʦСߣʱһٶȶԳԷ˹
ÿεĹȫǰ׷ѾԵ½Ƕ
ô˵㲻ɣҿǻǱˣʡ˺Ц˵
СΪû취𣿡
ȴǲ᳽ԣһһɫâȻ˲佫Եθסֱ볽Եڣľȥ
񹥻ⳤ߾Ȼó񹥻
һ⻹״μ깥ྫޡ
æ¾߶£ͬʱеľеֵ
ͷȻƷޣʹ깥ľ磬ͬ࣬ר޴˵깥ֶμɼΪֲڣԺ׵ؾ͵ֵҽһ
ʵ̫˼ˣͨޣȻʹй¾Ȼֲ֮£һ˵ԸžԽǿ󾫴ľпϲ
Ҿ˵ĹЧҿ㻹ٰ׷ѵˣȥϴϴ˯ɡͻأضųߴЦ
һʱ죬޲ȥһˣȴ֪Լȥ϶ǰ׷Ҳ˵ٶȱΪǿҵĻâ˲סԣľ硣
ʱͻƣʱ
һǿ̶ȣиӾϲûƬ̳ɣ¾֮ƣ˲
䣡
ϵľȻǣ۷ʦΣһĽ״ʦ
ңϵһЩƣȻڴ˿Ҳָ˲١
ͻ𣿡
žк嫵ľϲɫ̲סЦ֣лͻˡ
ʲôȻͻˣ⡭ôܣ
Ʒ޳߼һĻʱ𾪵Ŵ۾ǰһĻģ๥ԣϣԸɱȴû뵽ûɱԣΪһȽס
쵰
ñףȴƽϢųԵ࣬ҳɱ㣬ҲܶԸҡΪͻˣҲûôӹɡ
Ǻǣ֣һʽΣ΢΢һЦ
һ֮ʲôףȰ㻹ǿߣﰭۣȻǻңҾƴˣҲҪʩչ
ֱ嶯ʵֻ㣬벻ףԿʼ˳
߷˸ۣ˭ףֻо߽׵ķʽЩˣҪɺĶſԽףɱԲųϾѨȻͳΪһǿĺޣӶΪСӶΪһʦľǿˡ
С֣üͷһв²ⳤ߿ҲЩͷʱҲöʣǼ֣ȳŵҩԡ
˵ţȡһŻӸоߡ
о߿ǰĻаĻԪ֮¶ϲ֮ɫһ뵽ҩǸոٰҪɱˣֳһĨԥ
ôѵⵤҩ㲻ɣԵЦš
ߡ뺦ΣѵΪƾһŵҩ˺ôҲ̫Соһˡ
о߲мһһ£ϵĻֱ븹
ţǿþ̷һŻаĻԪ֮о¶æЩԪ֮ȫںϵ嵱С
ʱ󣬵о߽еĻԪ֮ȫϣ̧ͷųԡ

ɻһĨɡ
ʳʲôףΪ߹оߣⷬȴЩ˵ڡ
֣ŵҩȴǲٶӳһŵҩ
һ׾
ʲôҩ
ո̷һŻо߲ΪԻóʲôö뵽ûǲҪٵﳽԣо߻̽Եؽ׾̷ȥ
һ̣һɰ֮Ϯоȫ
һſǿĵҩһﵽʲôͷˣŵҩ˵װ׸ôңһëо˷ܵţҪ׾ա
ʱԵȴٶȴĶУ֣Žŵҩ뵽УԿܷУʲôЧ
ꣿѲǿĵҩǿ겻ɣ
оʶؾҪܣֱӽ׾뵽壬ʱƺ뵽ʲôɵͣ
ˣһ°ɣ˾͵ûҵҩоջǾһ£׾е뵽Уı仯
Ȼżһ΢شʹȴо߸ɵسס˲
£ʮӡ
ҵ񡭡ڱǿûǱǿ
һ̣о¶ŨŨ֮ɫš
ȷһоæ׾е
ڹһСʱʱȫ׾еȫϡ
ǿȣȻ˲٣ȻûнףȴԽǿʵ
֣ЧΣԿо߽ɵЦŵ
⡭λֵܣ㻹жֵҩɲԡɲңҿô㽻㿴Σ


331 Ľ״ʦ
оЩԥ֧֧غ˵ڣ뵽׾Լĺôڻǹȫ˵˳
׾в٣ڲȱԡ΢Цŵ
Ҫʲô
оԵ¶˼֮ɫƬ̣ƺ뵽ʲôæող˵Ҫҽ𣿿˵ʲôףǲйֵҩĽף
˵ⷬʱоߵҲûǰԥͳɡ
ͷȻй׾ҲὫ׾øˡ
㻹˵ʲôף
ʵҵĽ׺ܼ򵥣ԺΣյʱֱҵİȫÿ츶һ׾㣬㿴ΣԽеļƻ˵˳
оһۣˣҸ㵱֣ⲻܡ
ԣʼ磬һǿӡ
Եӣо߶ʱһȻæؼĵҩҲ̫˰ɣһһţҪҸ㵱֣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ҵĵһţٲͬ⣬ֻȥѰұˡţѪɭ֣кܶ޷ǳҪе׾
Сӣݡоߵɽ
ҽгԡ
ЦŽԼ֣Ϊˡ
ֱӽߣϲ˽ߵĸооߺȻЦ
ߡ
Ե˵ͷĿоһȺоߣЩ飬ԺҲҪɣ
Ȼ˵о߱İȫʵѾһὫȫշҲһǿˡ
ߵȻˣǶҵĻ飬һֱҡɱǰ򲻵ѣҿɲ֡
ЦȻȻˣҴȥһطԺǾɡڰǴȥǶҪܡ
˵ţԵ֮Щоȫ뵽˷ռ䵱С
ö߰
о߸һڷռ䣬ʱ˷ռ˵ע⡣ǵĿȫͶ˹ΨһһŮԿоߣߵֱһУ¶֮ɫ
̶ЩоߣѾǵĻˣ˺ҵģ¡ǰȥ³̵ԴЦ˵
硭˵ģЩ߲˺ǣЩؿ۲ԶϰͷоߣѾЩо߲˺ǣûбҪҲȥӴЩߡ
״ԴЦһΪǰҵսһЩ˲ɢİɣЩо߶ǵĺû飬˺ңԺ󷴶֣˵Բԣ
ԣҰָЩôٺ١ҿɿɲ뵱幤оߵ
ԵǵȻѡָǣҿԸǣֻҪΪҿԸһ׾ҪõĶŶˣĿǰҪΪȹЩʱһ֪ͨ㡣
Ѿʱˣͽ¾ڸˡԺ󲻽һֶΣҲ¾ˡ
׾Ҫãʲôо߶ʱ⶯
ЦǽΪȥȻ㣬ԷģҾԲƭ㡣ŵĻһͷʡ⣬طѾǸĺôˡ
طҲĺô
о߲ɵ÷˸ۣܿ죬ܵһɰԪӿʱɫʱһ䣬æԪڣ֮þԪûԪռȻһء
֣һ˰ɡ
ԴЦ˵ֹЩѣԼҲҪæʵءˣȲ˵ЩˣĻҸطһ°ɣԼҲˡ
ãǵʲôѵʱ򣬼ǵңҲװ׵ĵҩ
оߵ˵ͷ̶ȥԼĻ顣
ԣЩ߶շģǰȵʵ
ҡҡͷʱûշֻ֮ǺϵǿԷģǲ˺ǵġ
ڷռУԾ죬ռеκη紵ݶԵһʱо˺򽣵ˣҲֹ
ʱûǾ˵ͻᱻշЦ˵
ҡͷһЦûȥͣǵҿҪ죬ʱҲ͸ȥæɡ
õģ
򽣵ԣҲٴųԣ׷˿
𣿡
̿ųԿʼϥӰиֳһ˿ʧ䡣
ҡҡͷҲû룬һƬĵط
̽ǰǳһԺӣԺ˸ɲľ
̶ÿֻ֪Ҳ
û˼ȥЩֱ߽˷ᣬһڵͷͻȻǰϻá
ʦ
̹ػһҡҡͷҲ֪Ϊʲô͸оȫƵģԴǰ벻ɭֻ󣬾ͳױˣȻ֪ñǰڷܣŬ֪ΪΣͻȻеЩİ
֮İΪٵĸսʵ̫ˣԸ˷һһʱ䣬ǺѽӴ
ϻ̾һ֪˸ո֮Բǹ˵ֱӽ״̬Ϊ֪ˡ
ʲôˣ̽һ
ϻõͷˣطռ䲻ǰɥˡȥƺأΪڽռѾһ󡣡
ϻñϾԶ飬һʱ䣬Ȼռ䣬ڷռⷢһУȴܹ
ȻԭȫһĬĬеԸΪġ̵ۿڶʱ޷ﵽʲô裬ҲԺ󡣡
ϻҡͷһЦתһ䷿䡣
ϻ뿪󣬳һֱվţԺв֪Щʲô
Ƭ̺ɫƽ߽˳

հԴ״̬ۣ³һ
ͻ˰
ǿ΢΢һ˿Ц⣬ͻƵԪӲǺķ˲ŵԳɹͻƵĽ״ʦ
ǾԪҪͻƵĽ״ʦ£ڳԾѾﵽĽ״ʦû齣԰еİħԪҲһʱͽԪΪĽ״ʦľ硣
ԣˣ
ʱͻȻǰ˵ֹ򽣣ԺԺɽҲŹˡ
޴磬£
ʶ˵ʲô£ֱӸ˵ܰæһæ
鵹ûʲôҪһʱ䡣Ц˵
Ǻǣ޴羡˵


332 ƽ
̶˵ˣȥǼһԶٷ
һԶٷ
һԺ̵Ӱ֪ΪΣûоƬԥֱӵͷã
û뵽ϻþȻŪһԺ
߽ǰľ¶һĨ֮ɫ
򽣵˵ͷԺҲûŪأϻô̶ΪͽŪġ
ϻ̶Ϊͽ
Զʱ첽߽ӡ
ʱѾ֪˳Ե˵ĵһʱѾŪòұʵķ˶˳
ˡ
ϻǿ첽ӭĿڳһɨЦ̾ϲΪдչǿϲɺء
ϻãô̶Ϊͽˣ
԰˰ֱ֣ʵ
ϻͲµԻʳ⣬Цˣ̶һλӵп֮۵ľޣֻҪضдɾͣҲΪͽǾʵ̫˷˲ˡ
˷˲ô
һ䣬ϻõ̶Լ˼ʲôģ
ڳԵļƻУֻҪƽֵɣͲҪʲôɾ͡
ԷǳһһǾͱһĵڳ˵ֻϣ̹ͨ˵ϣʲô
ϻ˵ˣһж̶Լľ
ԣԲɳĬȥЩӣ֪Щʲô
ϻÿ˳ۣԥһ£˵ˣʵ̶֮ԻҵͽѧϰҪΪ㡣
Ϊң
Ϊ̶һ˷̫ܶ࣬˶԰ﵽһЩæõģܸһ˿һİ츳һ㣬ѡһϣܹһЩ
Ȼû뵽̾ȻΪ˰Լ̲סЦʲôҪģڲǺúõ𣿡
ˣ̶ȥɣһЩϻ֣ص˵
ԳĬƬ̣΢ĽŲǻڣϻãԺ̶鷳úý̵ˡ
˷ģ
磬Ū⼸˶ǰǳϲԵģѾܾûԹˣҪһ㡣
̵Ӱ˽һӣɫζȫĲȡ
ðһԵ㡣
Կ۳̣Цվǰȥæ
ԣﻹƿþǽҲ򽣴Цһӿռָȡһƿ
£Χһϣ߳ԱģռΪƽͣڼ䲻һЩ֮¡
һٷʱԱ򽣺ͳɽ뿪Ҳ£ǡ
Ժɢ
ȻռвҹϻòõռУźҹһǡһ޶
磬𣿡
̰ڳԣȦһݵ£ƾ¹ϡ
ۣ
ԱֱӻشȻᣬ֪ΪΣһȴǳĬԼһͨˣͨ˵۹ȥԼ
Щʱе֪ۡǲۣΪԸеЩҸеˣһӱԼΡ
硭ⲻһ˵ΣҲеΡ
̶Ҳӱܡ
˵仰ԳĬȻ󻺻£Ժ󣬾ضϵǣ̶ڷҰŵ𣿡
硭
ҡҡͷҲ֪ʲôһһֱ֧㣬һֱߡ
ÿ˸һϣ˾Ѿ찲š֮ôŬǱʾѾİţΪ˽ԼٿԼˡԲû˵ڣǾϣǶ˵СҵˣҲҵκһˡѣܵ˺
һϣʲô¶ûȥôڲݵϿգһƬƽһֱҹʱ֣ű۾׼˯
硭
ţ
˯һɡ

ã
һϣûκջֻǰ˯һ
ڶ峿Ըоеƣȫʧ־
뿪Ժ䣬ҵоߡ
£о߼һԼЦ˵
ͽ׾ʮ׾ȶ㡣ͳܹʮ׾ݸоߡ
оæʮ׾ȫ˹˷ܵصСӻ湻İȻһֱӸʮ׾ʮ׾ҽƷˡȵȡһô׾ǲҰʲô£
ǺǣȷһҪͷæʼ磬ҲڶѨ׷ɱңҲǵĶ֣ǰǲ㱻ǸɱˣԣҶԸһˡ
ԣоߵ˵ͷ֮ǰѨʱ򣬵ȷˣӾǱ׷ɱҰԸʲôˣֱӸҾˡ
ˬ죡
Եͷʵһ߽״ʦ֪ܷԸ
߽״ʦô
оߺȻһЦȻǰû߽״ʦ֣ҵʵҪԸ϶κ⡣
ãھͳȥ
Իһ䣬оһʧ˷ռС
Ҫо߰£һΡ
ԣ㲻˵߽״ʦĸôӰû
һڳѨо߾ͿʼţûһӰһϢûᵽ
Ƴһ۲ԶһЦһﲼһ󷨣޷ǵϢЩ˲ܻľʹȥڰء
ŶȻ˵زͷ¶βֱĳ衣ԣ㲻˵ֻҪȻ᲻óǾֱ뿪ɣʡ˷о˵
һͷãҲд⡣
ˣɱҷҶ߲㣬ȻͼߣΪһҾκβ𣿸
ʱһŭȶȻڲԶӰŰϢֱ峽ԡ
Ϊ׶ˣǷμ̫ƽһļⲻɽ
ǳ˵Ǹ߽״ʦãƣȻôţҾСо߲ⲻɽϵǿƣ˫һȻ˦Σس˷ⲻɽ
ǿϢʱϱ
ȥ̫ƽо߾Ȼ˷ʱŭĿԲɣɱоߡ
̫ƽһͷƷޣ㲻֣ɡרȥԸСӣסܻ׽Խɱ˵ⲻɽ̫ƽ£һɱضų˵
̫ƽɫ΢䣬û뵽гŵƣȻƷŸΪĵƣ֮ǰûн׷ⲻɽ治ܳܵ˵ģǵСģԾͽңһӲˡ


333 ˣ
ţҲСĵ㣬ܸое㲻һˡϵƺָ˲٣֮򲻿ɴˡ
İɵһ۷ʦʲô
̫ƽһ˵
ȴǲ֪ʱѾʧȥ˷ִ磬֮ǰΪûΪʱ򣬾Ѿɥʧ˺ü֡
ԣû뵽ھͱﲻסܳˣȻҾͳȫ㡣
̫ƽƹоߣֱɱ򳽻ԡ
Ҽ
Կһ۷̫ƽüͷ΢壬б׹̫ƽɱ⣬Ѿʧȥִˡ
Ȼˡ
Ŀ΢΢һ
̫ƽ֮ڳΪڵҶʱˣ޷пܻº֢Ӱ̸У˫֮ìܾʹ˻͵ʲô¶ûҲǷұˣ㿴Σ
԰Ԫɫ΢԰ףȥһ㲵ӡ
ţԭСӵƸûָԽԽأҲȻʹ£ֱǳ룬첻ƤҾͲз̫ƽ
̫ƽЩήҵϢٿһŲ԰׵ɫĿʱһ˲ȷƼأѾǿ֮ĩһڵɱ⡣

̫ƽڵİԪХһ޳򳽻ԣҪһɱ
̫ƽҺĺҪͽ⣬Ȼ֣ĳֱ̫ˡʩչݣѡض˷̫ƽȫһŭ˵
⻰˵ãһ˵ڣ̫ƽϵɱⲻɸŨȻ˵ĳɱҷôĸ߲ѵҲɱ𣿡
ߵɱǾȡǰٰҪԸңϵԶ飬ɱǣ
̫ƽ㽻Զ飬ѾǿˡӦýԶԹԵؽǷҡҲνˣѾǷҵ˸ɱˣҾȽǰƤֱӴѳԶ顣
̫ƽҾǷҼҲ̫ŭ
̫ھ۸ˣ
¡¡
£̫ƽѾǼٶȱ˼£񱩵Ԫ籩Х֮Ȼû˿顣
ɱңûôף
һٶʩչݣŲơ
̫ƽȻһ״ʦʱڷŭ֮£ĹѾ·˺ԡ
һ㿪ҵĹ룬ھ͸ȥ̫ƽŭԪҪǮشڱڳ͵غ򳽻ԡ
顭
һ̣Եƶٶ΢ЩģԷ̫ƽһȻǿ㿪ˣȴƷõʮס
ߡ
ƺһһ˿Ѫ˿
ֻУһ˿ڽ֮ɫӹ
̫ƽ콫ɱˣ
Զоסʱ޷ķⲻɽƳ˷̫ƽһۣȵ
̫ƽⲻɽԹ֮ȴǿ˳ԵƸͲôأȴֳһǿ֮ĩӣװġ
ǣ
̫ƽԣ˫۱ͨ죬˹ɱȫ˷ⲻɽ˼Ϊⲻɽڴߴþȫɱԡ
С飬ҿڻôҵĹ̫ƽ״ʦȻô˶ûɱԣ̫ƽмΪŭһγ֣Ѿûκα
ʱĳԱ˵λ״ʦκһѰн״ʦȡ˳Ե
ɱ
һĻȣ̫ƽӰȻӳͬһӰڳǰֲԪƴӶϮ򳽻Ŀڡ
Сġ
һȻ
ԣ̫ƽʶ򷢳ˣֵľȻĸ׷ⲻɽжʱһڷӦԼмˡ
ˣ
ûƬԥ̫ƽͻΪأԪȫ⣬γһʵķͬʱٶˡ
ˣˡ
ȻһȴǶȻԺ
¡¡
ͬʱһϢɫľ֮Ȼľ硣
һŻҩͰ˲䱬ը
ߣ
ִ֮£̫ƽҪ㣬æеľеֵԺз·Ҫ˺ѿľʹȻ̲סƺһ
ʦ
ʱ򣬷̫ƽǲµ˳Եһݡ£ǱЩ԰׵ɫѿ
ӡҪߣȶһ٣õնɱԡһ˿ľ֮ɫǴӷ̫ƽ
ꡭ
ͣ
Ȼһ˲䣬һĽƿնǼʵԪͬ㣬ֱӴơ
Ľ⣬ֱûĿڣż˿ȺѪӺ͸
ôܣôƵĿҵķ
̫ƽŵصͷŴ͸ԼĿڵ齣ųǱг˲ŵɫʡ
ĽסĽ״ʦⲻܡ
ϱ¶ϢеĲɫ仯תΪ𺧡һ̣ȫˣԸոձֳȫװġָƣΪһ¥ڶ̶̼ʹ״ʦ۷ʦ󣬽ʱٶͻƵĽ״ʦ
ܿ죬̫ƽеɿ־塢ֻţֱֱǷôǵһ군ˣ군ˣ
ˣס֣ס֡
ԶķⲻɽƺʲôȣӲǰоߵһβоߵĽս̫ƽ
ͷģȴſֻŵµķ̫ƽ
úݣɱҶҪ㡭

ⲻɽĻûȫ˵ڣоߵľβѾЯſֲݺݵسĺ֮£ⲻɽֻûͷȥ׻ǱҳʮԶ
ˣְɱ˳ͷⲻɽڵأѪ磬ܲˣǰһ
ⲻɽһʼ;ǳ֣̫ƽҲˡ
ȻٶȷһѮӣӴϢһϯ˷
ϵǿϢȷⲻɽ֪ǿ˶٣ǱͻƵ˽״ʦ˫Ҫǿһ
˽״ʦ
һԿȺüʮ߽״ʦǿڡ
ҳ˽״ʦ⣬󻹸ذԷǿߣ߽۷ʦ
ǿϢɫޱ䣬û뵽ڰоȻλǿߡ
ϻãСӥ
ûκγɣȡ
͡
ǳһϵӰϻáϻһҲ˵ϻƻӶҲõĽƵıֱȥһƣϻúо߱Ǳջ˷ռ䡣


334 Ѫɭ
ݡ
Խż棬ڶȻڰյСӥϡ
ߣ
ƬֱͣСӥڿն𣬷Ѫɭ
ʲôڴˣͼߣ¡
ϻƿСӥִųԷ죬˲ϢոճֵǿһʱҲûзӦȷӦİ˽״ʦ״𣬰ԪһŭȭͷкХɱ򳽻ԡ

ȻⷬȻǿ󣬵ʱСӥѾǷɵ׵ĸ߿գԪ䵽Сӥϣͺһ㣬˺Сӥ˿˵СӥͳֱӴˡ
ظ¾Ǳӹǵĳˣⷬҳģձصӹǣ˫Ƴһ۵¶ˣɭݶ£СӥֱѪɭɳ۶ȥ
ɺޣ
ϿٱСֱʧĺڵ㣬صıӹǳŰ˽״ʦΪ죬ȭͷŨŨķŭ
ǻɿȭͷҡҡͷ
ûеʦϵΪƿյ졣
Ű˽״ʦΪҲһ׵ĸ߿գȥ޷ƽ⣬һСˤ÷ǡ
ڳвȴûзϡ
һССĽ״ʦ޷е˿в¸ոռʶֳʵѾвѰ״ʦ
ͷøʼĩ˰ɣϾʲôܣУΪԸҵʲóʮ֮һңԸҳֶԸԣ⣬Ǹֵͷʲô֪֪ΪƿǷҵĽ
ⲻɽһʴ³
ⲻɽһĨ֮ɫ̫ƽʬ뵽ռָкһ˫ѾЩͨ죬ԭܼ򵥣ڳԣģһԶ顣
ԶšԶ飿˵ģ
ⲻɽ򵥵һ仰Ժк¡һ죬Щѵ˵
ⲻɽһԶ飬Ϊһ˶ܹƿҷҵĽԶ飬Ϊһóʮ֮һĲƲ㣿

Ȼⲻɽһַʵ˼ȷ˷ⲻɽ˵ġ£ĺ𽥼嶼ЩԶ飬ȻǴ˵еԶ顣ҵõԶ飬ҵΪضһǧϽµıӹҲܿͻΪӿһĴǳءʱ϶£ӿǬԪʷᡣ
ͷȷ⳽ǵ𣿡ⲻɽʵ
ⲻɽͷǵˣҲŲǳĹϵ
ãȻܻŭǰһǣһ³ԵݡԸܻңһѪɭ׷ɱԡ
ԣⲻɽüˣѪɭַΧǽȥ׷ɱǴ⡭
ͷ֪⳽Ե죬ǰذ⣬Ȼ̵ɱ˺ԶɵŻУҾ˵ɵëƷҲϣɵĸ֣ѾѪɭѰҳȷˡ
쵭˵
ʲôԾȻɱ˺ԶŻкͻëƷ壿˴󵨣ѵ֪ɶŶʦ𣿡ⲻɽ𾪵˵Ȼ뵽ʲôæŵû´ëƷëõܣëڳϵ״ӣԾͲµ𣿡
ڣ
۾΢΢һУտʼҲǺһôģëëƷø磬ɱëƷȻҲֱӵë壬ӶŵڵķաǾݴšëƺҲ˳Եϡ

ԣⲻɽʱŴͣЩѣȿȡ˵ʲôɱë壿
˵ŵһִ´ϢҲ֪Ǽ١ϢᱻӦòмˡ
ͷ˵

ⲻɽص³һƲס˷ܣڳϵĵë嶼ɱھ㳽ٴı£ҲˡãˣҾһͬѪɭ֣㲻ɱҲҪۿɱ
Ǽ̶ֻҪҵԶɻ߻ɵĸ֣Ȼҵԣ
һͷڷⲻɽԼһ߽۷ʦܻѪɭȥ

˽״ʦʵȻǿѹֵ˫һоѹƵð׽ͻϲҶԳСӥɳʮڶѪѹסµ˵
ոٶ΢˵㣬¾ʱϻúСӥٻ˳ҲһֻѪ΢ܵЩ𵴡
ҵʵʩչУҲ״ʦϱֲܡ˵԰˽״ʦһ߽״ʦҲֻ·һӦǵѪɭˣЩ˶ʱҲҵҡȻˣҾͳʱŬȡΪһ¥
гţüͷǽš
˷ҺͱӹǳżӿֲĶ֡
Զɡɣڡ
ͬźѪţһذǻ̳ǣԻһʱ䱻ʻ
һȷԼɱСëƷԼë֣ԿɲǲһʱԼ֡
ھٳѡλµʱ䣬µʱҵΪҲܻԿȵʦĲΡҪԼֶν£ֻһ취ǾǵȰٳѡοţȻֳӵǱſų汣ҡϾɱëǣҲгɵġ
аµʱ䣬ͽԼѪɭ׷ɱܲˣרĥС
Сӥȥ
Сӥĺ󱳡
磬Ѫɭ޶ﵽײΣƷϵ޸ǱضǣǺҲټǧҪСġ
ʱСӥѾԸ׾ȫϣΪﵽƷ۷壬ֻһͿԴﵽƷۺʵѰƷޡʵȴ԰ﵽʲôæ
£Сӥɳ۶£һû޳ûɽϡСӥջطռ䣬ٶȸʮ׾󣬳ջ˼Ŀɽ·ŲڣǸһǿΣոеѪɭ֣һѪɭô
𡭡𡭡
ʱһ޺ͻȻʴһݣæԶȥǼһƬƷڶ
ǷѪӥƣֻ
Զ𽥷Ŵĺڵ㣬ͷȻѰʱѪӥַһͷѵû뵽һѪɭȻͷ
æɽʮףһʯ棬ⱻѪӥ֡


335 Щ
ʵԾ㱻ѪӥˣѪӥҲû˷ʱɱˣһССĽ״ʦ޷Ѫӥӡ
סЩӥĶһƷΪ׵ǼֻϢǧ֮µҶеһľҲǿĺޡѪɭ֣Ȼ֮ذ
̧ͷŴԼͷɹһͷͷѪӥо
ѹ綼ǵʦǿߣѪɭҲҪССģȻʱٲ
ԸսѪɭ֣Ȼ˺ޣɴ˿ɼѪɭеǿ޾жˡ
˵δⲻһ¡
ϵķʧҲ˼
ɲһѰߣͬʱҲһλʵľʦ
Ȼ֪ԼʲôȽ׵ľʦⲻص㣬صԸԼľǿȣȥޡ
ڵľǽ¾ת£ٿ־ֵ޵ıϢаտһͷѰƷޡ
Ȼһַռеķӥƺ춯
ӥôˣԷֳһ˿ռѯʵ
ˣոһ˲䣬ҸܵҸ׵ϢѾԶˡӥ볽ԵԺ
㸸ף
һ㶣û뵽ӥȻиףƺ뵽ʲôӥѪӥ֮䣬ƺҲŲǳĹϵǺѪӥ֮ʲôϵ𣿡
ѪӥѪӥǺͬѪǰãѪӥһ廹ȹǷӥһǷӥһ϶ᱻ컢塣ӥ˵
ŻȻһѪӥȥķ򣬿ǵѪɭеΣգз׷ȥͷ´˷ӥѪӥһһʱ㡣
ѧˣ
ӥæ
Ե˵ͷûٶ˵ʲô
ʱĿȻɽŷԼƺЩĶС
ɽף·һЩҲǿ塣
ܿ죬𽥱
ԭɽ·쳣ɱڿƺһȺ׷ɱһȺˣ˫ô˸
ƺĽкЦ
û뵽һѪɭ֣࣬ȥơ
Խż㣬ͬһëƮƮɽš
ĽˣǷ˴򶷵˫һࡣһ
ȥҲࡣ
ֻ
ƯŮӣ侹鶯˵ŮӡһġˡмŮӵò˫۶ʱ
Ůɫԣȳ̶ȵŮӣʵƽ״μ
Щˡǲ࣡
ٶȴ˶ԷһۣЩŮӳĶ䣬˲ȷ˶Էݣ壡
ȻǴ˵еĹ壬˵оеŮӸѳ׼ŮܱȡһȻˡŻȻѹֶԷòȻ̲ס̾ˡ
ܿ죬Եüͷ΢΢˵ѪɭȻž壬ǲѪɭֵشôڲŸսѪɭ˾壿
ѪɭݺɭΧ֣ڲİٷ֮һΧ
ڽѪɭҲнҪִѪɭشٻҪǧ
࣬ǶǲƣѵĲϷŹǾȻս࣬治ưոݣҲ֪Ǿ岻ô۸ġ
˵ģǾһһߡ
ʱսѾǳһ浹ľ棬Ϊ׵һһ߽״ʦʮˣÿһĽ״ʦϵΪ״ʦҲ
һȻ϶࣬㳬ʮǵΪձн״ʦϵĲʮˣ״ʦֻ
Ϊ׵Ȼ߽״ʦΪϢ鸡ɫ԰ףȻ˲ơ
þеģǰЩܻ࣬ʱǷ͵Ϯһַޡ
Ԫ׾ƷޣǶ䣡
ȻԪ׾ƷȴþһЩ
Ȼ
Ƕʹ൱һ˵ȭͷǰ󣬲ͨģһЩΪﵽ׵ĸгԾͷڰһƷ۷ޣǰ
ǶĹԷǳһҪǿϵһ̣ⶾ̷ޱȣƷ۷ĽǶ䣬䶾߽̾״ʦԪƿ̺綾ͬ׵еһжпܻᵱ
ߣɫ͸ڣȻ˾綾ƺǱⶾ˰Կһߣ
ǶĶ߽״ʦֵסң϶
Գһᣬȥ˻ˮ˵Էһ߽״ʦЩǶ䣬ܶԸ˵ġ
ˣǾʦѵ㲻ͷǶҪ֪ͷǶǽǶеߣֻҪ㽫ס͵ǿסͷĽǶŶڳҪת͵͵뿪ʱϻõͻȻԺ
һۣϻ㿪ʲôЦȥͷ߽ǶƷ۷ޣһҸ޷˵ˣܹҵľǿȣҲܿһͷƷ۷ް
ʼգԶûҪȥƽǶ䡣
ϻúȻЦ뵣ģǶȻо綾ǵĶÿֻʹһΣÿʹһκ궼һڣҪһܵԻָ
ڣôڣҲǿޱȣܿƵġһãֵöռˡԷ˸۵
ϻõˣһͷ˯˵ĽǶأûа͸꣬ס
˯ĽǶ䣿
üͷһȻǿ󣬵һ˯Ǿ͵ûκηԿ˿Ѷȡ
ֻǣҪһƷ۷Ī˯˭ܹ쵽
ˣֻҪ㿿Ƕʮ׷ΧҾͿԶʩչԻ˯ǱʶķſʱʲôˡϻúٺٵЦ
⻰ɫȴЩ죬ȫ˯ʲôˣ
˦˦ͷûȥ˼аͷɫصص˵ͷ
˵ǰͷƷĽǶոѾ˾ߣûжأһ룬ȴ֮ĽǶ䣬һ֣ͷ߽ǶȫٻĽǶ䣬ԳչΧɱ
ʱ򣬳ֻжռһѡˡ
ʮס
߶ţѾ£ŸܵĲݴڣϢСس߽Ƕ俿
ʮһڳҪҪȥɱˣ
ڳԿ߽Ƕʱ߽ǶѾǷһͷƷĽǶ䣬˵
߽Ƕ俴һ۳ڵķҡҡͷһĽ״ʦ࣬ɱɣܾûѪҺˣ쵹ǿԽڡ


336 ߽Ƕ
ǣ
ƷĽǶ䲻˿ŽǶ䣬æȥ
УͷƷ۷ĽǶߣȥҲаɣĻȻ֡
ڽǶѾԼԲǺ֪飬Ѿǻȥˣʵû취߽ǶʮףҲˣֱӶռ䣬粨ƽϢ֮ٳ
ԶѪɭشڿѪɭΧߣ֪Ƕѵóֵļٺ١һŮٿԻȡʮϳ˵ıɵҩĻ㲻ܻ鵤ҲԻʮŰ𵤣ŶʮŮôĵҩؼʵʮΪǻŹǣ
߽״ʦЦţ˷֮⡣
һ㣬ԸȥᣬЩ
߽Ƕ䣬ǾסӸǽǶ侮ˮˮΪҪЩԸǣѵǾͲĽҪǾŭ𣿡߽״ʦִҪԸԼ߲ɽĿ˲Զ߽Ƕ䡣
߽Ƕ䣬һɺԣѪɭشǧܻ֪ܲߵؼ߽״ʦæ˵߽Ƕᱻ˵
ⷬȻǶģĳƺҲڶţ٣Ƕûǵ˼
һ۶ûС
Ϊʱ˼Ѿ˳ϡ
ʮˡ
ʮˡ
ʮס
ʮס
ţôˣѵ֪ҷˣھ֪Ѳ㻹ΪһСĽ״ʦסϵѪҺô˾ƺһɻϢǡȻһλߡû뵽˾壬컹Ⱥô壬κһͷ޵嶼ҪζӪضడ
߽ǶܿͲ˳ķͬѰ¾ӨĿ΢΢һ𶯳˵ط˳ԡ
δⷢѡΪǿԸɱȻһͣ
һȺǶ򳽻ԣû͸ȥ˼СվԭأһЩ΢ˣ߽ǶǣΪǺʳ
߽Ƕ˫۾˸һ˿ģ
ȻʱӭģȴһƬŨŨİ
Ƭ߽Ƕ仹ûȫӦͱס
ʱ䣬һ͸ǰڣȫ䵽ϣ˹ȥһ㣬û˿Ӧ
ˣ꣡ϻüȵȻڳԺ
ꡭ
Ҳ¹߽֮Ƕһ״̬ѾѸǰľͬһžǰߵ굱Уûܵ谭˲佫ȫ͸ơ
̣һʱ䡣
ţҵľһ߽ǶסԶȻԼľȻ˲٣ֻһͿͻƵĽڴʦ
ʲôˣȻ˺Ǵ˿
ʱֻĽƷǶȻߵ״æǰ
߽Ƕ䣬ѹ
ԲᱩǵľһȶȻ߽Ƕ굱ը졣
ˣ
ܵеϣ߽Ƕһսͺһ㣬ҿܡ
ʱѾ׹Լ걻ԿסˣΪľޡտʼЩԸֲԸһ֣һʹ־ʹ߽Ƕֿˣ˶ڳҲûκη
Щס֣˺ҡ
Կ˵
ס֣ͳͳס֣˭Ƕ˲ģл߽ǶһʱŽǶɱ򳽻ԣʱɭغȵ
û£
ܹͷƷĽǶһĻȻɻ󣬵еĵ֮ѾǼ˲١
߽ǶһҵȻû£˭Ƕ˶ֵģߡѵҪԶֲɣ
ˣǣ
Ϊ׵һͷƷǶԣ˲׹ûκοͣھɢһɿ񱩵
ȻѾ׼Աл
ͣͣ£æһȣͷ󺹡
ͣû𣿡ۼͷƷĽǶûͣµ˼߽ǶڳԵָʾ£Ŵ
кηԸ
߽Ƕ俪ڣƷĽǶͣϢȶ
߽Ƕû򳽻Թˣ֪кηԸ
ȿȡǣҲҪȫҵţһһһǵ꣬ǲҪκη˵
ոͷƷǶľٶһûֱӶռ䡣ƷԱ߽״ʦҲҪ˰һĽ״ʦΪֿ֮Իһʱҷ
õģ
߽Ƕܿ콫ԵĻ´ȥ
ˡ
ܿ죬ͷǶ׷׻۶ųԹغ
ã
ɹշ߽Ƕ䣬ҵõϵһǿϲʤ
λʦѣϲɹշǶ䣬ؼҵĳػ㣬֪ʲôطˣǽΣ
߷飬ȻǱԶ߽״ʦһۼԺ˵շ߽Ƕ䣬ҽнǶȫշȻɫѿԴѳɣҲñֳ򳽻ʾá
ŶðԵػӦһ߽״ʦð
ǲһ£ѪɭǱΣգȻշ߽Ƕ䣬һϸޣҲ൱Σա
ңǰԳؼҳػ߽״ʦ˭֪ûиóȻ͵Ϯͬ൱Σա
¶Ҳûôȥܡû˽ǶİæؼҵĳػҪԸһȺˣҲôˡ
ѣЩǾ壬˵еľӦ˵ɣҸ㣬ЩǴѪɭشܹģŲٵȪˮȪˮ԰Ϊ٣ղ䣬ѵѲõ𣿡
ػԺҪ뿪ӣɫ΢䣬æԼĿģھѾǿ֮ĩٻǶֶԸЩ壬϶Ժܿǳ군ʱֻҪЩˣеȪˮҵɣ߳ɣ㿴Σ
Ȫˮ
üͷһȪˮȻ˵ЧȴǺûмŻӦػ㣬Ǵ߽Ƕʵ˵ǲģ
ģƺȪˮǺܶ࣬ԸոҲ̫ʵڶԸ˾壬Ҳȥǿ͵ԼȪˮԵ߽Ƕ䴫


337 ﻹǲ
ȪˮǺܶࣿһеػ˼ˣҶ鲢ǺȤԾ˸ȤԼڰɣҸˡ

ԵĻһ˵ڣһ˶³һ³ػֶԸǣʱһʦָӽǶȫǿ϶ֲ֧˶á
ϣƺͦõİʱԣһϢ׵ᾫŮų߿ıӰ˵
ʱü࣬ÿһǶǷΪթĹǾʧ߽״ʦľڣЩڻܲܺúõػŶǸ⡣
ոͻȻ֣߽Ƕշ࣬ȴȫͬ
ǵĿ⣬̰ࡢа񣬶˵Ŀһ˿ĺ棬Ҳû
ȷе˼ն񣬾ûǱֳ⣬Ҳȫšߵͷ˵С㣬ҿ湻ˣҷаɣʡ峤ǵġ
ŮƲƲ죬Ǿ͵湻˵
ԣƤ̲סһ޲óԼӣȻ˵湻ٷУû뵽ͱǰС˿ӡ
ǿЦһȰؿŮ
ˣһĽ״ʦȻҶ񣡡
ػû뵽ԾȻܾϣתߣɫʱѿ˼㣬ΪԸոշͷǶ䣬ֱӳȥȽһ
ϣҿ˵òеϤػŭʱͻȻ߳һӣųԵıӰ˵
ϤѵǼ֪֪ʲôݣߡңȽлᣬһҪˡ
ػ˵
ӳһ£ϣ֪㻹ǲǵǰӿԶɵִ£
Ȼǵã˵ʲ˵СӾǺԶǰǸԣˡԶҿʱһûôϣһԱȣǰˣǸ𣿡
ȷһ㣬ػʱޱ˷סųԴ󺰵ӦþذǷѩӶų԰ɣ
ţ
仰Ѿ߳ʮ׵壬΢΢ͣһ£û뵽ԷȻ֪ԼݣҲǲɵúתǳԣ֪سô֪ҵݵģ
Ǻǣʵ⵹ûʲôǰԶɵҵңҿһĻ˵ʲôɱǵţذ⣬һټҸǣǾͻлʲôġСֵģҿ϶ǲὫѶϢߺԶɵ˵ģҺֲʶ
ػһ󷽵ӣԶɵĳлƵģСֵܣͷŵúܣںò壬Խץȥ𵤣ֻгСֵܰˡ
ŶֻܰҲأ۾΢΢һУЦʵ
ػһЦСֵܲؾܾڲ֣㶼Ѿˡ
˼ԣҪôְԸǶ䡣ֵĻǾͻὫԵϢ͸¶ԶɣӶúԶɵĳл
Ǻǣ㻰˵ˣһܲ𣿡Կһ޹ػ㣬ʼ磬ε˵
Ŷô˵СֵýǶˣ
ػɫһϲ˵
ûнǶæĻû̫İնԶԸ塣
˽ǶæžԵİսȫ׽á
ϣһͱһ׼ǳˡŮԾٻǶ䣬һѳ϶ʱֳŵ֮ɫͬʱһ˿ŭԭе඼һôն񡣡
峤϶ųԣȴͻȻҡҡͷС㣬ڱ¶ۡҪֵĻֻʩչ峤ҵת󷨣ǿд㷵ˣʱɱ͵͵ܳ
ðɣ
ŮЩʧʧ֮仹ЩãȻ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ҲǴǰ죬ʧ
߽״ʦҿ㻹ôҶŽǶң˰ɡػת峤ϣһ˷ܡ
ֵܣ֡
ݣ
ػޱ˷ܣҪֶԸ峤ϵʱһ΢ƷȻ
ߣҾ֪ұҳ֡ԣѵͲҽϢߺԶ𣿺ٺ١Զɿ߽״ʦǰ㣬л˽״ʦһҽϢǣ㻹л·ȰڻǹԹһҶԸЩ壬ҳɹץЩ壬˵Զ飬ǿˡ㡣
ػƺͲµԻ֣ȻǱųԣڽǶļ̸տ壬ѾǷֽ֮סתųɭɭЦ
Ȼôǰ𣿲ΣѪɭﶼҪСԼٷԸңΪһ飿ոвҵʱѾûˡ
ЦһֱнǶ䣬׼Ŀ꣬ǰ࡭
ˡ
ݡ
ųԻ£͹ʱĽǶǵصطһ£˲佫ؼҵڡ
ҵ۾
ҵ۰
ܣҲ

һ̷ֶ䣬ؼҰػ߽״ʦڵˣϻٵض˶̣ù϶ˡ
ͷǶ䣬ɲǰġ
ػ߽״ʦȻԪƿҲĵطرڳԵصչ֮£ҲŲʮطС
һʱ䣬һǿҵдɢͬʱɫҲǺܿ԰
֣һ׾ҳɱձػڷǳҲðΣǰֱ֣˵ɱػ㣬ƿľЩܡ
ˣֻôоߣо߳֡
ɽ

оߵľ൱ֱӣûκԥֱӽ˳ԣ޴βſɲƷ죬˦ػ㡣
ʲôһƷ۷ޣͷߡôǿ
ػͻȻһͷǿޣɫٶһ䣬æҧӳȭͷи񵲡
ꡭ
Ȼִ֮еֵһ޷㹻Ԫ͵ֵסֱ۴ĹͷֱӶѣҵʹ̲סһ졣
ԣȻͼɱ֣֪֪ʲôݣҿؼҵĳϣɱؼҲŹġػǲһŨŨϢ϶ʱӿֳ־֮ɫ
ߡɱҵô࣬һû˵ؼңѵһ𣿡


338 
һߣȥᣬֱӵ֣ɱ
࣡
оȻû˿ԥһ£ֱӽػסȻȥ
ꡭꡭ
һо߶дԭȻĹĵ壬˲ƽȥ
оߵ飬ҲǱϲĿһɨоɭȻĿѾΧؼʣµн״ʦ
࡭
࡭
û˿ԥоٶչֳµһ棬֮䣬һн״ʦĸС
ԣҾͲ׾ˣԺִܵĺ£ǧһҪҡˣ㵢ʱˣϱչʱ䣬ûΣգͱˡ
о˷ܵ˵ţȲطص˷ռ䡣
չѵҪͻˣ
״Ժܿ췴Ӧ뵽տʼоʱ˵ҪʳԼףо߾ȻһֶΣǾʳ壬԰Ϊ
ֲ̫ˣ
뵽һ㣬Բɵþ̾ȴһ⡣
Ժǵõֵʬ壬ȫԽ佻оߣо߽ס
ϰͷоߵĽ׶˷Ƚףвɵ˷ޱȡ
ǸոҴˣҸǸ˼Ŷ
ʱһͻȻڳԵĶͬʱһӰǰǾŮ
ţҵʲôǸԿǰ˼ֹͣһɻ˵š
ո˵Ҫ֣Ϊһġû뵽Ȼǣ̫лˡ
ŮЦҽȣʲô
ҽгԡ
Ե˵ͷ˵ʵҲǰǣڰԼòŸлҡҽǽѪɭߣҪĵ㡣ˣûʲôµĻҾˡ
ԲЩ鷳ľཻ̫ѾǴֱ뿪
ιô߸ѵ㲻õǾȪˮҿǺܶ඼ȽϲȪˮȼ˹ϣһæе
԰˰ֵҲ˵ǾȪˮǺܶడ˵ˣȪˮ˵ͬǷǳνӲᣬȻȪˮϡУ˵ò̫󡣺ˣˡ
˭˵ǾȪˮǺܶģֻǸ˵۷ˡҸ㣬ҴȪˮһ
С㡭
æ˵
һ
üͷһЦǾôȪˮǴ͸Ҷأ
ԹӣľǧСϹ˵ȻŲٵȪˮҲûһôࡣһˮȪˮֻڳɳİˣҪȫȪˮٻҪȸһСæͣ³⡣
ԣԵ˵ͷһѾµˡȪˮȻ˽ⲻ࣬Ҳ֪Ȫˮ൱أǧѻͳһȪˮǲ͸ײһֵǮ
˵һȪˮҲû˵ɹ˵İҲû˵٣ҵ˼㵽һգǸǵıꡣȿ۳Եɫ˵
һգʲôô𣿡
Բÿɷ˵һ䣬ΪԪŨǶû̫ҪǾԪۡ
ķʵ̫ˣһͷƷ۷߽Ƕ䣬ҲľĽ׳״ʦĽ׳۷ʦĽڶͻƲˡ
ɴ˿ɼԳ˵ص㡣
ԪֻҪȥˣеǰ취ԪҲȥҲ˿Ӱ쵽
ȻкôˣϢȻǿΪԸıƣϢӶɱȵظ㼸ƿȪˮҪõöˡЦͬʱųԣ뿴ô𸴡
ȵĻĿⲻɵһǲȥǣͻƵ˵ʦȻͻųںģϢ
һ㣬幦
ڸļ׹¾֮⣬ױԼݣ۷徳磬Ҳﵽ˴ȵǿ
ʼգû˿Ϣ
һ㣬Ѿǵˡ
һᣬԵǲ
ǿϢˣָٶٿԼӿֹ
ˣԿٻָ
ͺñ౻̴Ѱ˿϶ܿϢ࣬ڶʱڻָ
һϢɱʱ౻Է̴ڶԷΪɣȫɾʱ򣬳ͻȻָӶԷһ
ֺôջ£ó˲˾ãһȥȪˮҲҪƿ
ҪȪˮʲôѾǵڸȪˮˣȪˮҲˡɻʵ
Ц˵Ȫˮഺãղ˥Чиúͼѣÿһƿǡ
ŶУʱһȥȡƿȪˮ㡣ȵͷʾ⡣
ģʵ
ľϣڰȡɣóһԣЧΡٶȱȽǾһɣһͨʲôӰ졣
С̫˵ˡҪǴУСҪɡľҡͷЦ
ľֱ֪ľүүǲ߸׺ĸ׵ġ
˺ˣһʲô˵ģô塭㸸ĸءľ󷽵һЦ
ľĻ΢ģǰľ˵УҪѵЩǡľ˵һûʲô£ڷˡ
ת˲ľ˵Ļȴó̲סŴͣСֵܣ࣬ǵһ
˵ţľ᳽Եı飬Ŀһɨû˴ڣǵһӣһɫСʱ䵽ϡ
ݡ
һأӭչѸգۼ䣬ͳа׸ߵĲ͸ŨϢ
һռ䣬ڽȥɡЦ˵
ã
Ե˵ͷǶȫջص˷ռС
СֵҲǸﰡľԽͷǶʱ׳ϱȻҲſռ䱦֮ıֱǳӵС
Ǻǡ


339 С㣬ǲϲԣ
΢΢һЦûȥ͡
ľûϸ˵˼Ҳٵʱ䣬һƬ̹ʱס뾫ˡ
һ̣Ե˶ʱʧԭء
ڲ𣿾岻Զ塣
սԾ͸оһƬϵζͬʱһŨŨϢδܵġ
ҰеģһƬȻ⣬Χ˲Ϣ
Уоޱȣû˿ʡ
رɱµİˣϵļ
ţľϣϵĶɢȥˣ
һԵľʱ߽ǶڵĶأѾʧһɶٶɢһɰ߽״ʦϢ
ǾһСƬ֮һ㶾ľЦ˵ָǰ治ԶһɫС˵ԹӣǾһ죬͵ôȻʱҿҪŶ
ԣľϵģдҿһ¡ľ䣬ȾͿ˵
С㣬һʱǲ̫ˡ
ǳͿȵһ£ʮ߰ľˡ

ľƤ̲ס鶯¡
ǺǣľϷģв̫õġЦЦû᳤ܻڴֻҪܵõƣ֮Ȼͻ
ȥЩȪˮȶųգգۣǴž뿪óһﰲ
ȡ
뿪ıӰҡҡͷԷҲʵ̫ˣҲǾˣ࣬Ǻȥ
ⲻڳԵĿǷΧ֮ڣͷһգǽĿ˲Զ
ƬУԸܵһŨŨϢϢŨճȫϵëв롣
ߵԱߣ𽥱ƣѪҺѭٶ𽥼ӿ죬һ̾еĺˮȻȪˮЧֻȪˮʮ֮һȴһ˵طһ죬Ǵһ죬Ļأõ׵ظƣʣõĻܣǿ׳ҵ塣Ӷø
ˣһȥɡ
ջ˼һܶûӰ㽫ȫ·ԼһԾͬһֻ

һͺǽĸ׵Ļǰδеˬɣеƣһɨգ޾֮ȫÿһë͸ڡ
¾
ףϥ£¾תΧ֮
̶̲ʱ䣬ԱǸоԼڲµһЩˣѾȫָ

С㣬ôôȪˮ
Զһʮ˻ĹϣһڹϿٳľУһЦżƿ˳ľȣٿһеһƿǰһƬڣֱӻ˹ȥ
ȵͷԼеƿɻʵ𣿲ʮƿѣγִ٣ûȪˮҴֱһƿء

ľһ򣬲һ˹ȥ
һƿ㵱Ȫˮǰ׿ˮأ
ˣľүүôСʮƿȪˮȪˮֶǶǣʮƿ࣬ʮƿҲ٣ƽЩȵԼóʮƿȪˮЩòƵġ
ľȴһѪƽЩСڰʮƿǳһƿȪˮһ𶯣ǿĵʦǿ߶ᡣ
˼ҳ˵ҪȪˮֻǸúãǱղ˥Ǹβˣһ־ʮƿһԼ̫ˡ
´㻹Ҫ˼ҼʮƿȪˮſϰݡ
ľүүҲ˵ˣȥҳԡ˵ţȥŸ˼ûԾ̲סƵġ
С㡭
һĻľоԼ֮඼Щܲסسˣر뵽ֿܣĺ𽥼
ľүүʲô𣿡ȻУȶľȻҲǼΪ𾴣Լͣ
ľƺԼ̽ʵС㡭㣬ǲϲϳˣ
ϲϳԣ
⣬Ȳδϣһ˼ܿ죬Ӧľ⣬æϵҵȻûϲ԰ֻǿЩͬҲŶеøаˡţľүүˡ
˵꣬ȰȾܣתһɲǣ׵ϣȴӿֳһĨ˵糺졣
군ˣ¸Ǻð
ȻȺܿתȥľؿϵĨ糺죬һʱлಡĿܡ
ϲԣôϲԣҺʶŲһСʱʱ䣬ô̶̵ܻһСʱʱϲԲܡ
·ϣü΢΢ţոľ⣬ղɵٶȺͬһ㡣
ǣûϲôأĸ˵ǰû޸׵ʱÿκ͸һͻ죬Ϊĸ׵ʱŸסҲˣѵǱʾϲϳˣ
ȲǺܶϵ£ΪΪһ˶죬ͱʾԼϲ
ǣȴǸҲԼϲԵɣʶŶ̶̲һʱ˴ֲ֮˽⣬̸ϲ
ûҺͳԲʶһͷҲܻϲġٶȾַϣǣҲϲô죿
֪䣬ѾߵԱߡ
Ŀܿ£Բûƺǽ£ҲȥԳһãȻϯ¡
ҵûϲϳأϧҲȥʱˣĸֲߣֻԼѰҴˡƽһ˫鶯Ĵ۾ȴԵüΪãԼѰҴ𰸣ôѰҰ鷳
а취ˡ
ͻأأԺƺͻȻӹһͷƽ˫һǰһ취ҵûϲϳԣгʱͿȷˡʱҿû죬ǾͱʾҶֻǵغ棬ûϲ֮⡣ҿгˣǡҾϲˡ
뵽취Ȳɵٶصص˵ͷΪԼ취ǳãȫȷԼûϲϳԡ
£һ˫鶯۾ǽضȴųˮһĻ


340 ķӡ
ףԾȻ֪ʱһŮȴʱת¾ƴе֮
׵֮ʵ̫Ũˣٶȥ˵һʱ䣬һꡢʮʱ䣬뽫֮ꡣ
ˣԻܹظ֮ܵûе֮ǱøŨ
ȻǿǺԣԿĸ֪Ȼظܵˡ
ԵȻⲢΪ£ΪԶ֮
յ֮ţһë˵е֮û֮ٶȿ졣
ܿ죬һʱڹȥһʱԵĿҲڴﵽ巢˳׵ı仯ŵ̹ͬưתĿؿڴţ죬˰Ȼ֮
֮ȻǷͬѰһ죬ҵ巢˳ױ仯ұ˵ҵ˶٣ˣָٶȻ۾˫г鶯
һЩͻƵ˵ʦǿ߶޷⡣
Ҫ֪ÿһλʦǿߣų
ϵȴȵʦǿ߸Ũ˵Ѿ٣ӽ١
һЩʦǿ֪»ֱӽιȥƴƴעʦǿߣõǿҲΪ˿Լһꡣ
³Խһ֮ӵȻǻ಻١
ʵ̫ˡ
ɣҲ뿪ˡǸľϣƺǺأȻˣҾ뿪ҾǵĶҲˡгţ뿪
ʱȴͻȻܵдһɲԸ־
ӡ
ţ֮ӡȻҲգ⡭
ʱŷ֣ûת¾Χ֮ҲԿɹ۵ٶӿ壬ӿ磬ӡա
ӡȻ֮
Ժܿͽ쵽˾Уܿͷŵķӡ֮
ӡ֮᲻ԷռӰ죿
һĻЩǣæռ䵱С
ĵȻǶģ뵽ռ䣬˶ʱɵˡ
ռԪȻŨл֮ĲϢ⡭ѵ֮Ч
һ㵣ʱӡвһЩ࣬оһȺޣѾͣϵκ飬֮
ˣˣԵľڷռ䣬˲ϻȴǵһʱӦæ˵
š
Եͷûкϻùཻǹ۲򽣺оǵ״
ΪӡˣԿظܵı仯֮ϵԪϢȻû٣ÿ˵嶼ڷ仯
仯һˣǾɱ䣡
û뵽֮ȻҲԽռ䡭ϧҽӡó֮ٶȿ϶ᱩǣʱ˵е֮ԾϲͬʱüͷҲ̲סпʼȨס
ڸܵռÿԼÿֻ޶ڷ޴仯̲סһҧôõһŹˣҿ϶޲Լˣξ͵Ƿ¾һ飬ͬʱҲ÷óһ۷Ĺ
Ȼû˼ͬ⣬ǵ֮
ʵ̲סˣסˣԽһں
ӡɣ
ԾһӡǷڶһ뿪˳Եľ磬һɵϢ˲Ӷ
Ƿ֮

֮һ֣ͬһžΧ֮סɶ
ٶ볽֮ǰת¾ٶȣֱһóˮˮһưȥãȫûɱԡ
֮һռ䣬ռжʱ˵˺޶Ƿա
Ƿռͷޣյ֮ӡսȥİٷ֮һ
󲿷ֵ֮ȫռաںϡ
أԭ޹طӡ˸һɫʡ
Ⲣҫۣĳ֣ͺһ㣬ϯķ¶ʱ鲼⣬
ѹ£޾֮ӳݣ׷ӿӡ
Щ֮ӡȻ߲ܣɽ˷ռ䡣
ɲǼ䣬е֮˲ϡʮ֮һ
ϡ̶ȣۿɼٶ
ʲô
ɫޱ䣬æӡջؾ磬ȴǷ֣ľ˿ЧȻЩʧˣӡԭأ֮
Ҳ٣
һĻԶʱ̲סһֿڡ
Ȼûͬͽӡó֮ҲûӡȻһô࣬뷨ֻ÷ӡյ֮֮һƽ⼴ɡ
·ӡյٶȡ
ٹʮӣе֮Իᱻգʱһˮ»ֱӱˮ
군ˣȥ֮󣬾Ҫƴɣ
ֱ̱ڵأһҪ˵ģ
Ȼû壬ΪɱػӾ˾壬õ˾ĺøСе֮ȫˣԿɲþ͡
ǰ𾢵طӡԺ޲óȥ

ڳԵ֮ʣӡһ˿˿͸¶
⵱вδκϢȴŨ˼㡣
ꡭ
⵴ܿͳȥ
ţֹ֮ͣˣӡķ֣˼һ·𣿡
״Կ۷ӡѾ֪˵Щʲô
ֹͣҲûð֮֮һԼȥ󣬾岻ԼƴŹ֡
סԣ֮ٶȺÿ죬ȷӡյʱҪˡ
ܿ죬Է֮ٶȷ˱仯
еϢȻǿ⵽ô£
ԸΧ֮䶯üͷšһ𣬲ܿ죬ɢһһʯָ֮ˡϡȥһˮҿ϶Ϊ׷ɱĶ󡣡
ľȵȻûʲôʵȴһȻ˵ţǬԪ羫ʮ֮һٷ֮һ
Զ壬ǿԺݶᲢ۵ĴڣǳڵţҲǿ˶١


341 ͳͳ
һͬʱҲǰȴָ֮
ֵȴδ̫ãӵʱ䣬е֮ǳ׻ָ

ûоʹֹ£֮ڼŨٶû·ֺ
⡭
һĻԶʱŴ۾š

ܿ죬ԱǸо֮ܵŨҺ壬ϵڣٶȷı䡣
֮ӿڣڷӡУһ˿˿⣬͸壬Ӷһǡ
һεظı䣬ǰ֮ӿ١ӳס
ȶ
ҵ塭
ʱ󣬳Ըܵı仯̶ȣʱһĿɿڴ
Ϊ֣˿ѪҺ̺֮ƺΧˮ̺֮ҪŨöࡣ
Ҳ˵ѪҺȪˮҪֵǮ
ӡ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿǰķӡոս֮գĵҲǷӡڷӡе֮ȫָһ֮֮ǰŨ
׸Լ壬ѪҺñȪˮ֮
ڳԾǲȥҲܻǧ꣬Ϊһ˫Ϲ
Ҫ֪ܻǧ꣬ĲǵʦʦʦΪǵǡ
ֶΣ˵Ѱ࣬¾УųľУҲ
ʱӡҲûɢɫһĽ⣬˳ԵԺؾ硣
ռ䡭
Եһʱֳһ˿̽ռеı仯
ռ䣬ɫٶȴ
ֻ˿̷ռеԪϢ֮ǰ֪Ũ˶ٱͬҺ̬ľԪХͨһͻһߵΪǾŽʱԻͻƵʦǿߡ
ԪŨĻ£һͨߣֻҪһʱ䣬ԿԿͻƵʦǿߡ˿ٵȣԪȱ߾սǿ
һеǰᶼǶԷľȲȻԪӦҲǲܡ
Ļ˽һ£Ϳʦǿߣ
ô˵ռı仯ʵó𺳲ѡ
е𺳵ĻǷռԪøŨڷռУȻһŨ֮
֮Ũ̶ȣ˿ڴ˿е֮
ؼһǣռ䷶ΧڵĳԶ֪ռ䷶Χ׶Ϊľ޷쵽ռÿ䡣
ȷǣռ䷽Բ
ķΧУԪ֮ͬճŨûĸطŨĸطϡһ㡣
һ˵ʱķռ䣬Ѿ൱ǧˡ
࡭
뵽һ󣬳̲סһĭɫͨ죬þõ˵
ռ䷢ôı仯֪Сӥ̶ôˣ
κ󣬳Եľֿʼ̽ռ˺ޡ
ܿ죬Щ˵ȫС
Ϊĳ̣ΪѾͻƵ߽ߵĳ̶ȣҴ˿չأϻûϻƺһΪ󷨣ǿȻ֪ϻòõʲô󷨣Իǵһʱϻã֪õ󷨷ͬһ㣬԰ǿһãӰΪ
˳֮⣬򽣵ΪһͻƵĽ״ʦҲĽ۷ʦʣµΪҲﵽ۷ʦҴ˿˶ȫʼ˱չأȫ̸ߵľ硣
СӥһȺޡ
ʵԭǿоƺͽ˸ΪҪıչصУû֮ɢϢȻﵽƷ۷壬ֻһͿͻƵƷŵչأʼ֮ΪȻһ¥
ΪߵƷ۷߽Ƕ䣬ʱɢϢȻǴﵽƷΣɢһĪϡ
оߺ߽Ƕ£ΪȫͻƣнǶĶﵽһƷΣﵽƷϵģǧֻƷ۷ģҲǴﵽֻоһео߶ﵽƷΣлͷٶͻƣﵽƷ
óԸе𾪵ģСӥѪɹ֡ХħԼˡ
Сӥɴ׾ΪѾƷ۷Σ˿̴ɢϢͻƵƷһﵽĽ۷ΡңϢڲƺʱпͻƵƷĲΡ
ѪɹΪѵһѪɹ֣տʼշʱΪȻǺܸߣԪƷΣ´ɢϢȻǴﵽƷ۷壬Ѿ׷˰ŭͷʨ
ХħҲǱޣȻûѪɹֽٶô죬ոշʱͻƵһƷڷռһʱΪ˿˴֮ΪʱǣȻͻƵƷ
ˣһǾԪǿ塣ڷռһʱ˵ΪѾﵽ׶Ʒ۷塣
ʱ˴֮ǿȾȻֱӴﵽƷΣһڷٱǿ
Ȼȫͻˣòƣһûͻưɣ
һĻпϲܵͬʱһɬ
ܿ˹֮ܿͻƣǾĻ㹻ˣͲԪա
СӥһȺޣı壬˴֮ȻõƣͻƵȻ
Բûо⣬ҲûȥСӥǵռиոճ˶֮ڲŸտʼͻƵʲô̶ȣҪһʱ֪
СӥеʵȻǸǿʱٶϱӹǵˡߣһɱһ
гţܿüͷںԶɺͻɡСӥͻƣҲʦ⡣ǲҪ鷳ȻҶ໨ʱ䣬ѪɭշʮͷޣЩڷռʵȻһӵϡʱ򣬾ԶɺͻɼҲֵס
ţ뷨Ȼֻ޿κα·ʱѡ񣬷ĻһٻôԸԶɺͻɣԻһǰδе𶯣˵ǿԸ
Ϊ޵ĴڿֻţӶ
Կ˵һ˿ţŻҪǿٵȻ
ԣԲ򲻵ѣԲôȥԿԶɺͻɡǣѾҪɵ
ǣǺӴ󣬳ôʱȥһһշǸʱ䣬ȥ㽫ΪʦͲٵĺԶɺͻˡ
ȥЩˣھٳѡλ£һеȵʱٿɡˮڣٸԼһֶξС


342 Ҫ
ҡҡͷȥЩҵ顣
Ҳóȥˡ
۾һݣֱӷɳ
Ȼθոշɳȥûüأһ߷ֱļʱƿ𣬡å
ååȻ쵽ˣȣû°ɣ
һʱ֪仰ľȣæȥͬʱĿɨӣҪȿ˵Ǹå׽һ١
еɻȴǣûиܵԲڻе˴ڡ
ಡ
Ȼеĳƿ֮ʣͻȻеһ쬵ģ죡
Ժйʹرĳָ֣һ֣ԺӦʲôͷһ

Լһ˿ҵڰӶﻹؽåġ֮ģʱһңԪһʱδƿغãֱӴ׸ߵĸ߿ˤڵء
Ըϴһ˿ʹæվƵĿ۲ԶѾ㵽һô棬æٶȴӿռָȡ·Ѹٴϡ
ǳʷ·һΣû֮һ
Ǹåģȥˣ
·ú󣬳һɫָسȥͬʱĿĴɨһ˵ģ
ȶȻûᣬǶڴ治ҳʱһѾ͸һƻ٣ֻ鶯۾תţкһֻС¹ںײˣҾȻˣѵϲˣޡôϲոǿġġǸҲŻġΪʲô᳤ǸأһһкܶɫġޣЩʲôأ
治
Ⱥ˼ʶԺȻһǳߵԡ
Ŀռ䣬ʲôģﳣļòáȻȷǳԸڣ俪ף̲סһ䡣
ԭĻƯһȻٶ̾һ
ȷ˸ۣﻷƯֻǾһˣƯĻҾסĻ԰
ִ˰
̲סȣһͨʱȵŴͣʹرĳһ䣬ۣúһƨɡ˵ʲô
ͻȻԼôʲԣŮǰô˵ƨأæôһƻ
ȻԵĻѾ˵ˣӭȳŭ֮ɫĿ⡣
Ҫˣ
״ĻаֳɣæһתȾͳһطȥ
쵰վס
Ȼȭֱ׷ȥ

ϰϰ˵⣬¡
续еУһһŮ׷ҸϣЦ
ǾðԼһ
ܵˣԺȶʮӺ󣬵һôϱűϢƾϡرǳԣһӣ˵ĳ졣
ɵĸоϻòõԺУѾܾûиܵˡ
ǵȻǾ弫ٻ˻޽ӴΧҲǣǾֺദٷִìܣȻˡ磬˶թΪ治ϧкͬ壬þֶֿΡЦŵôʱ䣬ҲǼʶĿ
ǶһЩʶȽϸȤڶֱӷؾˡ
Ǻǣ˵ĵطͻͻȻͻᷢѪÿطɱġЩҶѾϰˣԵҲνʼ磬Щ
ֻǣȴԼ
Ĳ
Щͻţͺɥʧɣ塢꣬һиסˡ
Щ˵ͻ˵ؼĹ
Ĳеĳͻع
ǣһΣ޷ܡ
ɡɣ˭ǣɵԼ𣿾ͺñǸУڼ֮ǰ໥ʶ۸̶ܲ𣿶û㹻ʵնɱǣĿ¾Һ̶ǰɣ
пЦţʱĹ޿κΡ
ǣΪؼǿˣſأԽһй
ǣ̫ңԶˣԲûȥ롣
£ȻԷɣǾͷƬ̰ɡ
͵͵Σ
ԣȥһʱΣ˵ϲǾŶԵĶȵ
ȥ壿ȥǸĵط𣿡ЦЦδش𣬷Ǳ۾пȵıϡ
ЩϿɣõΪ󷵻ݣѩޣҫ
ǰľ壬ӽ˼һԼ޹ϸţһ
ǺǣҴѡһֺγһγһع򣿼Ȼˣһоƽо˯˯΢΢һ֣룬һɣֱӽ˯״̬

Բ֪ǣո˯֮ʣеľƵõһɣ׻ڶ𡭡
С㡭
֪˯˶ãԺȻоڸԺۡ
ˣ
ڳ𣬡û뵽λþʦȻ˯š
Ǻǣǲڽ㣿ЦЦʵ
ǰʲô·üڽҡɻ˵ƺǺܹġ
ԿЦһһ֪λСһ¶ܵģɲ
ҳҲ²⵽һЩǾ˷еı仯ȣλء
ȥɣ˵ʲô·ء
Ц˵ʱз仯ǷںףܺϻûʲôȵʱȻԱߣҲǺ
ðɣ
ƺЩδӣ˴ҲǾȥ
ţҵľȻͻˣ
Ըһأ͸ܵһԾǰǿ˲٣ȻͻƴĽ׳ڶͻƵĽڴʦ
˯֮ǰһĻʱ׹ԼһʱûܵκõţŽͻơ
һĺôóá
ڷؾɡ
ǰ˵
ðЦŵ˵ͷ
֪֪ľүүʲô°һߣȱʵ
ҡͷһЦǾô֪أ
ҵȻ֪㲻֪һ
¡
¶н


343 ֮
ģ
Ȼҿɲƭˡ
ðҲ¿϶йء

С㣬ǿɻˣ
Ժȶ˻û߳Զͱ˷֣ȻǱǴųԺȶ˳ķȥ峤ľһӭ
ϣ֮⣬һĨŨŨĿϲ֮ɫ
ľүүôˣǲǷʲôˣ
ɻʵŸ˵ڣƺʲôæľȥ
׼ȷ˵ǳȥ
⡭еĺˮôȫȪˮˣľүүô£ϲ֮ɫţصǰȥһЩˮУϸӦһʱϲûȪˮԼٲˡе֮ȻƽʱռĻҪŨ١⡭ľүү⾿ô£
ľҲϵĿϲ𺧣С㣬Ҳ֪ôأǰһ˷ֺǰңҲ֪ġ룬СֵӦ֪еԭɣ
˵ţľ˳ԡ
ԣ
ľôһ˵ȶʱոóԲ²ľԼʲô£һӾͲµ鶯Ŀһת֪Щʲôܿ죬һȵصԣеȪˮɵİǰ˵һţû뵽ھȻģеĺˮȪˮˡ

ԣԶʱŴͣеĺˮȷԼŪģºû˵ɣ
ܿ죬ԾͿ͵͵ضʹɫ
˼ԣеĺˮǲǳŪģȳ˵ֻкôû
ðɣʵҲ֪ô£һ죬͸о֮Ũͱˡ̯̯֡
ӡ£Ȼǲ˵ġ
һеĺˮȫȪˮˣ
ԵĻ֮⣬о˶Ŵ۾š
ľĿһһɫâʱ䵽˳ϡ
ɫâû˺Լ˼ҲȥֵԼת
֮壡ԭ֮壬ѹܹ˾޴ı仯ˡԭһôԸóСֵڿóСֵľһǵľˡңҲǾľ޴Ұľ̾˵ͬʱΪ棬´ųԵ壬лϵţ֮壬Ȼ֮尡
ľүүʲô֮尡Ȳû˵֮壬ɵʵ
ľС㣬֮һֻǾſܵҵļʲ֮һһ궼ѵóһ̺֮һÿһ̺ǾΪȪˮҪŨܶ࣬رڵѪҺԿǾҺˡӵ֮ˣ˺ָܻܿˣֻҪ;粻ᱻ׷飬ͲңǵٵĶᳬǧꡣû뵽Сֵһ࣬Ȼӵ֮塣
֮壿
ľĻпЦѣԼʲô֮壬ȫǷӡԼ尡
ͻȻԺһµͷӡҵ󣬾ӵſȾ֮ʡǷռ޴СӥǱ󣬻᲻Ҳ֮壿
ӡпͷޣԱ֮壬ǲǵӵ֮
⡭
ԸоԼ༸Ҫܲˡ
Сֵܣ֪ûȤǾ壿ֻҪǾ壬Ҿʹȥ峤֮Ǳȫʱľߵǰ˵
ǰԣûȤǾ壿Ȼ㲻Ǿˣӵ֮壬ȥҸ˵һ£϶ͬ뾫ġ
ҲǸ˵ϳڴ
㸸ףѵǾĹŷӦ
ţǰЦŵͷûзϡ
Ե˵ͷҲûдС֣ҡͷлǵĺˣʱûм뾫뷨
ԣ첻ǻ˵ĽǾǾһѵ㲻ϲ𣿡ȶʱ
ľһۣҡҡͷСֵܣҪٿһ£ǾȻûݻ֣ҲġС϶ᾭ㡭
ǺǣѾʱ뾫塣ԺлˣһȥߣԼʺһϸǵġԵûг׾ܾ
ȻˣҲǿˡ
ľźص˵ͷе֮ȥҪһǧȫȪˮһ֮ȫΪȪˮǾǷһ顣ΪȹЩʱ峤θл㡣
⵹á
æ֣ȴǺգľ֪Լǰ㽫е֮ȫˣһˮ֪᲻мԼ
Ҫȸ߸ײмԣǵõȶðɲУ԰һæھӦҪл
ƲƲ죬Բͬľ飬һһɫСͳϣԣȥֻҪѪͻ
С㣬ɡı磬óȻͳ峤ġңñͳȥǾʹ㡭ľʧɫ
ľүүѾˡ
Ҫ˵ȥæϣȻߵǰѪɣ㲻ҪҿǻŶ
ҿԽ磬֪磬᲻лԲûϽӹ硣
ȻûаǻȥҸ׽һ¡˵
ľľϣ˵𣿡
ľһǵ˵ͷȷС͸㣬˺ֻҪ峤һɡǡ
ˣȻȷ˶Ҳлǻ˵ôѪɡ
ڴ˴ľĻ
״ԲɿЦһûȥ׷ʣȷûлˡ
£Ҳٶԣӹ磬γһξѪ档
ܿ죬̹ʧϡûãԾ͸оԼľкһⰻȻ
һ̣ԿظܵԼľޱȻԾ޴ǳϢ
粢δڵ֮ӦŴ֮
𣿲ȥ֪²Ż᳤ߡ
Թ۲žе磬ЩɬͲ֪ȥ


344 һ
ֻгһףſһռ䣬ƬռһƬ
е֮һһ̶ȣͻֱӱΪ

Ϊ֮£ԱߵķӡͻȻһ⣬ס
ݡ
һͺ޾ķһ㣬Ȼۿɼٶȣ
ȻСȻظܵˡ
һԣҪ糤׸ߣҪʱ䡣Դʱٶ಻ʱ䣬ͻ׸ߡ
˵У׸ߵΪߣ֪࣬ܳɳס
ԼɳٶȲҲ˿˳˾硣
ûзӡæĻҪɳһףƵϰʱ䡣
ԣҪúúǻŶǧήˣȻҷǺƴɡڳǰ˻ȭͷһӡ
İɣԲήģһܿͳߡ
Ц˵
ܿͻ᳤ߣ
˵ģԵĻһڣľ۾һ
һȺڳ˰ᣬǿɬҡͷһЦûȥ롣
СֵܣȻȪˮҲûʲôˣΪ˸л㣬һǾһЩȪˮ
ľͳһöɫĿռָݸԵöռָһƿȪˮÿһƿжһٵΣ㹻õˡöռָҲһռ䱦Ʒߣź³ˣȴɻҷΧ޴ƽס
ǺǣҾͲˡ
û뵽徹Ȼôƴֱ֣ӵؽ
ȻѾ൱ھ֮壬ⲻԺòȪˮöָòţߵȴǿʹãԳԲûп
ת˲ƺʶʲôЦʵľϼҶǲҸأ
ǳСֵԸ⣬ɺһ𷵻ؾ尡ľЦ˵
ؾ壿һ㶣׹еĺˮȫΪȪˮһ£ľȻҪл㱨
ľүүôôҪˣ˵õ湻˲Żȥ𣿡Щ۰Ͱ͵ضľ˼˲ɵһ֮⡣
ľЦһͲµȻⷬӦҲ֣С㣬еĺˮȫΪȪˮôұҪ㱨峤Ļ´㿴Σ
ȸ´ΣҷУǿ϶ϼӿܣôܻ´ΣҲܣҲ㷵С
ľЦѣС㣬ȻҲҲ֪ڷô£Ҳϻ㱨峤ҽȪˮһʲôʣҾҲѴ̰
ͻл㱨Ҳˡ鶯ĿһһͻЦ
Сƽˡţԡ
ľȣȴͻȻӦС㣬ѵҪҰ㶪ɲаһΣգֲûսթ
˭˵е඼սթˣողͳ̸úܿ˵ˣ˭˵Ҿһ˵ģ߲ǻ𣿡ȷ
ԣ
ľ򳽻ԣɿЦҲȵ˼ǲİԵСֵܣҪ˵˵С㣬һҵȷǺܲģ峤֪ˣ϶Ҳܵĵġ
ľĴԵͷҪȥȰȣȴȵĴҲԼԺ𣬡ԣοҪңҷһ˻ġҿԸðΣգҪܵɢɢģѵĿҷﱻ㲻ңԺҾҲˡ

ȵĻԶʱŴ͡
⡭
⻹Ǹ𣿾ȻԼˣ
ܾܾ
ѯԼҡͷһЦϸ˼Ƭ̣ŶľľϣȻȷؾɡڰȫ⣬㲻̫ģֻҪû⣬ͲΣա

ԣľʱɵˣողǻԼȰһС
ȰȰˣôǱȰˣ
һϽЦ⣬ʱлȻ
ͬʱҲ֪ԼСѾˣԼǿдؾ壬Ҳ취͵͵һġ
ڳߡ
ͨһľԲȥȰ˵֣صضԳԵȻˣСİΣҾиСֵˡ
ľϷģֻҪҳԻţͲ¡Ȼ֪ľǳȵİΣҲ֣صػӦ
ԣľ˵ͷȵԺҲҪСĵ֪𣿲ҪóСֵܷչ㡣ˣڷˣȽ峤һʱġ
ľһ˵꣬еĻʱ˱仯һƬ׹ԵǰҲһƬãã
׹ɢԱǷԼѾ뿪صѪɭ֡
Աߣһ˷ܣľүүڿˣٺ١
ûոľǶô᲻ýһ𣿡ԿЦҡҡͷ
ȵҵȻ֪ҲΪ˶һԼĶʡǵҡ
šңҲʲôģҽǴѪɭһɱΣޱȡ˵
æΣޱȣҸ߻᲻۵㣿
⵹ڣΪ˰ȫһϣԽҵĿռ䱦Уȵ˰ȫشҡͷ˵
εصռ䱦һƵģɲҪ̫Ŷ
ЦЦİɣ֮⣬вأҵþ棬㡣
ã
ԣ۹һر˷һ
ǰھȥɡ
Բ֪ΪͻȻ˷Ҳûȥʡ
ȵͷֵ㻹ǲǵ֮ǰ˵¶ľүүʲô£㽱ڣҾͰѽ㡭
ŶнԾȵص
ţ
Ի䣬Ƿ㴽ӡԼ촽ϡһ׵ľӣмٷŴ
Ĵӡһ֡
Ե˼άȴǽֹͣ
ǽɱŶֻһεġ콫뵽Ŀռ䱦ȥɡ
ȻԼƽٵĺȴǱ¶һƬҡ
ã
ʱ򣬳Ҳ֪˵ʲôǺãæסȣ뵽ռ䡣
ԺȰɡˣһҪտҸС硣ȵڳԵԺ
С磿


345 ۹ⲻ
ٴظ仰ԺȻȸԼƺûô򵥡
Ҳͨģɴûȥ룬ǴϻõϻãλĹúðһ¡
Ա۾վһӣȫƽ
󣬵۾ʱĿѾһƬƽ
Ҳʶһ£Ѫɭжôˡӣͬһǰȥ
תۼ䣬ʱȥ
ʱ򽣵˺СӥһȺޣǴڱչؽ׶Ρηռõĸ죬СӥõĺôԶóʱ򾡿ʵ
ȻʱǵΪǻ
Թƣһ죬Ͳѹ
ʱԵľûɴĽڴʦԪҲĽڴʦ
ʵǳԸ⣬ȫԽԪĽ۷ʦԾƿس̶ȣԿƿؽӴ
ΪԪ󣬳ԻѡԪ뾫ͬͬһΡ
ڿ޷棬ʱҲǿ㳬һͷޣһͷޣĶƷΣлһͷƷ۷ޣޡ
Գڵۺʵȫ״ʦ⣬ǳ䲻ʩչ֮˺۷ʦ
ȻĿǰʵ߽״ʦɻҪѡ·
߽״ʦǾԪϣƿġ
Էƣ̸俹⣿
ҹ쬣ʱż޵Ļꡣ
һݵӰͬ㣬ܼкᴩݺᣬٶ졣
ո޲ϢƺһͷƷޣôͻȻʧˣ
¹⴩͸ܼҶӰϣǳԡ
ԸոڲԶƷ޲ϢæٶȸϹĿľշͷƷޡ
Դӳ屻ͷԼľ磬֮ǰǿ࣬Ȼûȴʵأ޷ƻĸо
ΪˣⳢһ£ȥշһͷƷޡ
ͷƷɢıϢ˺˿
󳽻ȥƷ۷ޣ
ڣѾȥƷ޵뷨ڵʵƷ޵Ļ㲻֣⡣
ոòƷϢһͲӰƾʧһ㣬óɻѡ
ţѪζеϢͦϤƷѪױ
һ紵ԾڷᵽһѪζҵһʱжѪζǴʲôɢġ
£ɫ΢䣬æΣȻѪȴķȥ
ܹ˶̵ʱɱƷޣǿʵǳܿ⡣ԼֶΣԻǾǰȥ
ܿ죬ԾͷԼһܼ⣬ǰĹٹǧһȥͷÿһùųʮ׵ĸ߶ȣƽ߶Ҳǳһס
Щ鿴ȥƽƽ棬˸߶ûʲô˵ĵط
ЩƺЩһ
ĿⶢЩüͷţ֪Щʲôܿ죬˼ֹͣĿ䵽˹ǰһʬϣѪױȻȥˣ
ŲԶѪױʬ壬æԼصһô棬¶̫࣬ͬʱϢȫⱻɱѪױַ֡
ԲδΧʲôһֱʱûκζ
ѵѾ뿪ˣЩѹ֣û뵽ԷȻܵô졣
Ȼ뿪ˣҲͲٵʲôˣֱ˳ȻѪױȥ
سѪױȻɱԴģƺδȡߡ
ȥȿ˵Ҳʧʲô
λСֵܣվסǰΣա
ȻڳԸҪѪױʱͻȻһ
ʲôΧȻţ
Զʱɫû뵽ԼȻˣոնԷʩչռĻᶼûˡ
ԵһʱתķȥǼһô棬ˡ
һһŮȥƺ󣬶ʮͷӡ
ո˵ģӡ
ˣһˡ̧ͷһһŮһδţȻԷǰлԼֶδ֣ڸӲˡ
Сֵܣ⸽ûޣİɡ
ӳųЦ
ȥģ
ԿŵǸɣʮ׸ߣѰĽ״ʦȥ
ոһǰվס˵ǰΣաȻ֪ʲôΣգҲƭҡΣգȥл
гһ¾ż㣬ζʱͬһ֧ʸϣͷϵ֦׷ױĶϣɵ˶Աߵһ档
Сֵ֣ܺɶλҵѣĹȹŵǧ¡֪Сֵôƺɵؾ䵽ԼԱߵϣٲɢϢȷֻĽڴʦʱ˵
Աԭһֱ˵ûۿһµŮӣҲ̧ӣĿһĨ֮ɫ
ԿŮӵòʱжʱһŮòˣƽŷѩò˶١
Ҫ˵òֻоĹܹ֮ȥ
ǰŮΪ˵ģֹòϵһϢ
ģп̳ģһȥ·˶˽ȥ
ǳˣŮӿһۣ϶ᾫʧֱڲ
΢һ£ֱӻع
ǻüȵˣǧ£ǧʲôϵع󣬳뵽ոյĽܣɵʵ
ʶǧģ
Լһգ۾ԼЧƵģǧдܹģӿһУԲ
ǰ꣬ɲеһ
û˵
ǧã
һһ뵽ոն˵ǻüȹĹŵӣٶԱһǰŮӺǧĵȷмƣʱȻæȭ³ԣʶ
ԣ˵ģǸǵĳԣ
ǧһʱ˵㲻ǲ߽ʦôڲŹһʱ䣬͵Ľ״ʦ⣬ôܣ
ǧ£ʶ
һԵĶЩԵѯʵ
ʶʶҾ𳽻ˣ˵Ϊµţһʱ䣬ʹ۷ߣͻƵ߽ʦٶӿһָǬԪŵšǧ


346 Ϊ
һŵصٶȾȻô죿ⲻǱŵС̿Ҫܶ𣿡
ʱҲŰһٶӿǬԪһָÿ˵ʮǰ뿪ǧʱΪŸͻƵ߽ʦ£ԵΪȻǴﵽĽ״ʦٶȣǬԪ˭ܱ⣿
ǧҡͷĿⲻͣڳϴһӵӣƵƵͷǲĶ۹Ȼ
ʲô
ԿǧµĿ⣬ͷϷкߣⶼʲôʲô
ˣ˵ذигԵͦģΪ˷ѩӶŵųǻɱ˻СëƷԼëˣǵֽѪɭ׷ɱԣǳֵɣ
ųʵ
󲻴Ҳǵȷɱġ㳽Եûзϣóǧ²ΪԼɱ˻ǶݺԼ
ֵȻӢۣǿݱۺ붯ֽѵˣΪԼеʵͲһ޵ƵġӿһȻԽǰʮǬԪϵȣƨǡ
һм˵ֵֵɱǣҪСĵ㰡Զɺͻǿɲô˵ģ˵һ㣬ǿ϶ӡ
лѣ
Ե˵ͷھǲӦɣԿѪɭ֡
ǧ²мƲƲ죬ɾͲ֪˰ɣԱɲֹֻңŴϵĹŵСֵ̣ܡݰڳȥˣԶɺͻɻ׷ɱ𣿱˵ԶɺͻɣҲҪúõ
ʲôСֵܡ
ȵѹˣĻԶɺͻɻ治Ҷֵһë
ǵȻǸҶԵĻһüȿǲӲܵġǧµ
¶ȻԴüȣǻüȲǺٲμ£϶ᱻ˵л⡭
˵᲻Щãû˵꣬ǧľһмƷΣ·˽֪ɱΪѵΪ滹д𣿶ңһüȶԸΪ³棬Ծӽɣ㶫ɵţųСӽòԹ۰ɣ
¶˵ﻰ㶼Ϊֵܳˣһһ߲
ʱЦ
֮վԼ֧ԼԶʱȻܿͿˣǧҪԼҪԭΪǧģΪǧϲԼȻп϶ҲΪԼ츳뿵ϹϵܺãԲôԼ
ڶ񣬴УԿԿóϲǧ£ǧΪҲվԼԸ֧Լ
ǧǻüȹŵӣⶫţѾǸˣǱδӦԼΪԼ棬ǾͱʾǱҲΪԼ档
лλˣ
Թ˹֣Ǽ顣
ףѩ̿ȴҪܴľġǿðŵԶɺͻɣڵΣգԼϿɼһߡ
Ųԭ򣬵ȴеشڣݳƴǡ
˵֧֣ԽԺԶɺͻɣҲ˸İˣ̫

ԲܽϣڱϣǵİҲҪ̲ݻԼʵ
ֻԼʵǿˣΣղŻʮĵ
ǿʵҲºİٳѡϣ϶Դʣʱõʶصǲ棬ԶɺͻҲ󷽵˵
ǧҲЦŵҺͶڵʵӿһֱŵ͵ģڿܱ΢ǿЩٶȣٸʱĻų񶼲̫ѡʱٳѡֺЩǰ϶⡣ֻҪǰ壬ͿΪŵ洫ӣ϶˸ҶԸ㡣
еĵ壿
һǧºͶ񣬳Ծ֪ΪǧĽ׺ڴʦǿЩĽ۷ʦˣϢ죬Ѱ߸֮ϣ¾״ʦǶ֡
ʵԸտʼ²ӿһƶǰȴû뵽Ƕ˾Ȼһġһ壬ûһǰġ
Ƕǰǰָοֲ
ǰȻӿһеĵ壬ǵʵǰ˱ͲֵһᡣرǣһһǿҪǰƻҪóʱء
µ˳ɻʲôܵοֵܣúɣҿ㡣ʱȻǰֻҪӰѾԽҺ¶ûʲô⡣
ǰô
ĻԲûбķһ˿ս⡣
ԶԸ״ʦʱԾΪԼʵûгԽӿһһҲȶԷ١
ôһ˵ȫô¡
ԼڵʵƳλеѡ
Ҫ֪ǰĶΪǴﵽĽ۷ʦսȲ״ʦ϶Ҳ١ʵ˵ǰʱһΡ
˵˵
˵ȫϿǰ˵ʵûһĲʡ
úŬɳԣţŵԴ϶ԺܿǰԽʮԳԽǬԪľʢ죬ӶΪǬԪϵǿߣʱǬԪˡǧҲǹųԡ
ǬԪʲôǬԪ񣿡
ٴ֣̲סʳڡ
ǧµʵҲҲȨ֪ǬԪˡʵǬԪӿһвֻ࣬жʮ£Ϊʦ߲ſֻԵǬԪǿˡǬԪܹʮˣܹǬԪģĶﵽ߽״ʦΪ
Ϊﵽ߽״ʦһǶʮ£ѵھѾͻƵ߽״ʦˣ
Զʱ⻹һ˵ǬԪ£ȴû뵽ܹǬԪģΪĶﵽ߽״ʦˡ
δһϣΪЩ˸ԼĿ꣬һһʵǿģȥˡ
ûϵ
Ϊ
Լʱ䣬һᳬԽ죬ðٳѡεһ
ڵʮ͵ڶʱǶͲҪ쵱ԼĿˡ
ǧµ˵ͷڰǰѾͻƵ߽״ʦˡ˵ͻƵ߽״ʦʮУͽһƵİ˽״ʦˡ


347 
˻
ͫ׶ʱ
߽״ʦͰ˽״ʦ֮Ĳжǳʮ߽۷ʦԻһ˽״ʦŸոͻƵ߽״ʦͽһƵİ˽״ʦܡ
ңȻʮУ
Ȳ࣬˾޷׷ϵ˼
ҳԵĿ꣬ҫҪԵģһȺʦʦһͨĴʦҸе˼ѣҸ÷ˣ
ɫƽȴѾŨŨս⣬죬ҳ԰ٳѡεĿꡣ¡ʱһᳬԽ㡣
ԣʵҲҪ̫ѹǸ⣬Ǵ˵еĲʥ壬ٶȸǳܱ⡣ٶȱ죬ò꣬϶ԳԽ
ǧ¿۳ɫδż˵ʵȻӿһһˣлмǿȼģֻƽʱɽ¶ˮû֪ǵĴڡЩ˲ǸӿµĴڣÿһǬԪ϶ռʵǿޱȣ죬Ƕ֡㲻õģЩ˲ȱԴҲۺӦòμӰٳѡΣγɲʲôв
֪ˣ
Ե˵ͷ¶Ȼͦ󣬵Ŀȴʼղı䣬Щ˶ǰĶ֣ҪԵģƬǿߡ
ô˵ǰЩҪԵġ
һǿҪλȻҪͬǿ߲С
ôУոն˵Σô£
һ񣬽⳶
ųԣָָǰ治ԶѪױʬ壬ֵܣ֪ͷѪױôģ
ӦǱĳֻ޻ĳɱİɣ
ԿѪױ
ǧЦԣûȥȻΣˡҸ㣬ɱѪױģȷޣ޵ȽײߣûѪױ
ţûѪױ
üͷʱ𣬴ӸոѪױϢһֱ׷Ѫױɱû೤ʱ䡣
ڳԿܹô̵ʱɱѪױģ϶һͷѪױʵǿ޻ࡣǧȴǸɱѪױľȻһͷȽײѪױޡ
ʲôޣɻʵ
ඡ㿴ѪױԱߵôܲܿʲô
ָǰò˵
Զָŵķȥôʮףϡƽһۿȥʲôͨ࣬΢Щ
ţ
ϸһ۲죬ͫ׶ʱΪȻ֣ôһЩ֦ϣȻѪ
ЩѪʪģȻǸոճֲá
ѪױǱɱģ
׹ǳԲţҲǵ˿
һôȻɱѪױ
ѪױƷްۺʵȲ߽״ʦҲȥԶ¾Ȼ赲֮رͨɱˣ
ԣⲻͨԵһת֮̽ǰôܿͷôϾȻű˵ɢ
⣬ŨŨɱѪϢ
ΧһƬС֣ǧôɢͬϢСɢŨҵɷϸһͺһ档
ϸֲ̽ˡ
ȻЩɱ޻࣬Ѿ֪жˣȻܻγŨɷ
ֵ۹Ȼһ۾Ϳͨ
̾һЩε˵Щ˵֮ŵԲʶӶ꣬û㲻ޣƶߡˣǵʵҲСﵽʮ׵Ļ϶൱Ʒ޵ʵ͵Ϯ֮¾Ʒ޶ɥһЩﵽһϵģƷ޵ʵ߽۷ʦϣἫΪǱ
˻
ԣԶʱһ
ȻôѹЩΧŨҵɷˡ
Ȼôôͣᣬɻѯʵ
ΪͨƬְûڣǧ¾Ϳ˵ȻΪ£߻ŸµޣЩޣǱȽϺöԸˡ
ͨƬ֣ΪҪðգ
һæʵʳںͻȻԼЩͻˣǣʲôܣǲýҲû¡
ǺǣʵҲʲôܣҲȨ֪
ǧЦЦΪһ⣬˷һסϹǿߵĶѨǰⶴѨһǣûܹ֣ƺǾʱʴѾ޼ǬԪѾǿԼ󷨴ʦǰò˶þܽȥӶ붴Ѩȡ
ϹǿߵĶѨǬԪǿ߶Ϲȥ𣿡Ծ
ǬԪ۷ǿҲʦʵǶϹȥˣǳЩ˹ȥֵܷõô
ҡͷЩϹŶѨȻҲһЩһǿ߹עҪһǿǰȥ̽ᱦһǿһ㲻֣ǬԪϵǿ߶ᡣӿѾв˸Ϲȥˣ࿤Ҳкܶǿ̸ò˶죬ǸͻᱻƵˡ
˶٣ֵܣǸϹǿ߶ѨҿûʲôµĻ͸һȥɣ˵һЩءν붴Ѩֹӿǿߣвǵߡ˵ζᱦĳЩ˵ǹغӿߵ档
ţҲûʲôҪǣҾλȥɡ
Ե˵ͷûоܾʵôһֱͣֱӷȻ󻻸·Ϲȥ
ҲİƫƫҪ˵Ҫϸ۲۲ĹֶΣܲо͸ȻֱӴᴩȥǧķ˸˵
оĹֶΣ
ؿ۶û뵽Ȼ˵뷨ѹܹΪӿһеĵǿߣȷС
ЦЦȻǿϾƶܹҵǵȱ㣬˵ͿᴩƬˡﻹΪԸ˵ĵơ
Ϊ𣿡ԵͷΪͬһ㣬ǶֻҪо𣿡
ҡͷˣǵ´ʱɣ죬ǿʱҿ޷оʲôҿǻȷǵ壬ȻһϹȥɡ
ǵ壿
һǵ϶źԶɻɵǿߣǹȥˣȻһСΣա
ֲصģǵʱýǵ壬ֱӴԱƹȥˡ񿴵ɫ֪ڵʲôæ˵ҵʱԶɺͻɵˣҲ£鷳ĻҺ¶Թ۵ġ


348 ں
ǺǣԣϹǿ߶Ѩ൱֣ӿһܶǿ߶ϹȥˣĶҲŶǧµĳͻȻڲȥֱӰǧĸ˳
ԶʱЦȻǶô˵ˣھȷǵɡ
ںԶɻЩˣԵǲôģԷüȺӣǿжֱ֣ӶռǣԷκá
ãھͶ˵ţֱӴӴԾ£ǧҲǸȥ
Ҳֱͣ¡
ˣǺᵽ˿ԵʳĶǳһº𣿡
ȻڳԸҪȾߵʱԺУһֱô˵ˣͻȻ
ţǵʳ
һû뵽˾Ȼʱ˵ֻһʱɻѡ
Ȼ˲ƭæǰĶǧµ֣¶Եһ¡
֣㻹ʲôȻǿԸƳ֮ǰϵûҪץʱ䣬ȡȥת˵
˽⣬Ҳᵢ̫ʱġ
ǸһЦһ˱ǳ˳ԡ
⡭ޣ찡ʲôޣôûƷȻƷޡ֣ȻͷƷ޵Լޣ˲ð
һ֣ƷϢɢݶöɫһ䡣
Ҵʱ볽ԸշʱȣѾ˾޴仯ͨͬʯ˼Ӳصĸо߸ǴӸտʼĲףֱɶߣѹȸС
Ϊۿͷǳٻģʱ˵Ѿ˿ȷһˡ
ԵͷЦЦûȥͣǶʵո˵ҵʳô£
ˣᵽһϢȷԵǵʳϢǴǱߴģֱֱָۣ̇ǰ
˵ʲôǵʳЩ
һĻԶʱŴͣԱߵĶǧ¶ˣҲһţųԵ֣ЩԼ޸ɣɲôǵİͬ׵Уս޵Уǿÿ£ԼȻȥͬһ㣬ƷҲ֣ǧĻ϶Կġ
ǳаնԸ𣿡
Գһ£ûֱӷ
ԼĻ飬Ҳֱӷǡ
صصͷ˷İɣǲҶǳֵġ
Ŷģһ
˵ˣǾԲƭ㡣Ǿ͹ȥǵʳҳʱ鷳˰սסĵطˡЩϲĻҿǸ㡭
ţǸң
ԣϵ֮ɫʱҲܲסǲԶԸһǸң⡭
ˣٴμʶ硣ƽʱҲٰﵽʲôһһúܾʣʧ
Ȼ˵Ҳӵǻۣ֪ôԸõİԡ
˵꣬Ѿתķȥ
ԣֱӹȥΣյġǵ˵
˵Ŀ£ѾǼʶܶˣλ״ʦ϶ԳסеȥԵԼޣȻôҡڵ߹ȥˡ
￴ɣΣգһ˻Ե˵ͷȴΪġ
˼Ȼѻ˵ˣûȥˡ
ǧ¶Ҳٶ˵ʲôֱֱضˡ
߾벢ǺԶ˲Ҳܿߵǰ
Σգ
˸տʱͷǰʮ׸ߵȻһѪϢɢۿžҪ˷Ϊ͵Ĺ
ߣ
ȻʱͻȻһɿֲϢŨŨĻĹζǵذسǰϯȥ
Ǹʮ׾룬ԵǿܵϢĿ£ͬһ㣬رǶǧ£ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ƺԶŵϢ
ҲǼʶ㣬૵гţͷԼޣǲһ㣬ϵϢƺһޣֳԶţȫԳѹס
쬡
ȻһܵɢϢȫֹͣһŨҵľη֮⣬һƬСɢһЩ־֮⣬֦졣ˣǺԼһ㣬ոǾȻԼڷ
͡͡͡
ոǿͼ˶ֵȻԱߵݺݲסһȵҪӲ֦ز塣

գ۹·ƵģֱӸɿľм׷ɡ
⡭
˲ͱ˵ɫ΢䡣
ֶҲʵ̫ǿˣͬգۼɣѰ޻࣬εֵ
£
˵ǳԼΪµ֮⡣
ͻȻԸܵǰһĤϢͬʱе΢΢һ䣬һ㡣
ţô£Զʱɻѵ˾͸㶨ˣ
ˣոѾЩˣǻΪȫ¡Գʱ䣬һһǵꡣ
ʱԶ˵
շ𣿡дϲջ˵ʵ̫ˣǧϵʵǿ£̲ס˵ˡ
ΪЧֵ֮ͣá
ԣЩûеˣ⡭ô£
һԵĶǧ¶ǳˣ׾͸ܵõԳԵĳݣɻʵ
΢΢һЦҲⶼҵԼ޵ĹͣѾ˵ͨˣ˺ˡ
ɱ˲գ۵ѪޣȻô׵ؾͱ޸˵ˣ⡭
ǧ¶һʱ޷ţʵ̫˼ˣȥԻһ䶯
Ǻǡ
΢΢һЦҲȥϸͣ߶ǣЩѾȫΪˣ¶ǻֱŵιȥ
ãԺҾͽǴࡢС࣬ǵʳģҰŪסĵطȥԶ˵
лˣ
СųԹصǵʳЩء
أ
Կ۲Զ˹ȥ˺ĿһŻȻ˵Ĳأ̺ĵؾ֮
ؾ̺֮֮УҲƽҸȫŪռȥΨһİ취ǽĵؾ֮ȫȡ


349 ִϿ
üͷš
ؾ̲֮ڵص׵һֲżһֲﶼղ˶ٵĵؾ֮һյضˣͼпܻʶӶһ꣬Ϊֲޡ
Ҳһĵط̺ؾ֮͸ǳΪ޵Ŀռ䣬廹üӲޱȣޱǿᣬֱǱͬ׵ͨ޻Ҫǿöࡣ
ϻӦûа취ɣ
ĿͻȻһæϻõϻã﷢˲ٵĵؾ֮ܲܰæŪռȥ
ؾ֮㾹Ȼ˴ؾ֮ܡȻܣھڷռк粼˫󣬽еĵؾ֮ȫ뵽ռ
˵ؾ֮ϻƺǳ˷ܣæʼ
ãһŰӳԽŵӿֱӶصף
ܿ죬Ծ͸оһ˿˿Ӱзӿռ䡣
ؾ֮
Եһʱֳһ˿ռ䣬Ƿִʱռһյϣһ˿˿ɫƾۡ
УɢϢ
ţؾ֮ƺ֮ĳϵ
ؾ֮ճƬ̣ռ䱾ʹڲٵ֮Ȼƶϣؾ֮֮û˿ܣȻǻں
ˣؾ֮֮Դ߶ɳͬһԵԺ׾Ϳںϡں֮ǵЧٿǿ屶ڳɻ֮䣬ϻõӳԵԺ
屶
Եһ֪Ƕôؿֲ
Ļ˵ռеޣΪٶһ֡
ӹȥϻòֹͣգʱռһƬش˳֮Ųٵĵؾ֮
ط϶ȷռطЧѡ
˱Ҫеؾ֮ſԲе޶ֻѡһЩ츳ǿЩļɣȻЩؾ֮һգò˶ãͻᱻֱɡ
࣬Щ˵һ£ͬͬռ䣬Ѿؾ֮ȫյռȥˣ
ԶһԵĴ˵
ʣֱӵ˷İɣЩȫֱ´Сǲܿ˵ֻܺǽʶС
ã
£ҲϻֱӴԱһø߶ȳһ׵ڵؾ֮ȫ뵽һռȥˣҽҲȫսȥǿ
Ե˷Ը
һڳԵԺ
Ե˵ͷԥȽСջطռ䣬Хһ뵽ռ䡣
ڵľһеȫսȥ
Խȫ뵽˷ռ䣬ǵ֪ľĿ
ǧʮ
ǧ
ʵĶԪ׾ƷΣһƷϵĳǧƷϵһǧƷҲʮлƷ۷
Ӵóϵǿһ
ȻԶԶɣȲɣв͵ײʵȴԶǡ
ңռеޣÿ춼Ժ˵ٶʵʵԽԶɻɣҲֻʱϵ⡣
СȻǰǵŵؾ֮󳽻Сӥ񡢰ŭХħߡѪɹ߽֡Ƕ䣬ԼоҲ˹
Ȼо߲δƣľޣʵڳ԰ԳԻǾҲȥ
ԣ㡭㽫ЩȫŪȥˣô£
ǧ¶˿ųԽеȫŪʧˣӲŵæȥѯʵ
΢΢һЦҵԼ޺ͬ࣬ϵȽϺãոսһ˵ͨʱһһʱ䣬زģٴǻ
һʱ䣿
ԣǧײǽĳ嶯ȥһʱ䣿ֻг˵óڰɣ
Ƕɵӣóǲ͸ҲٶʡзǳףϿǶһɼµ
ڵɣҪʮӡ
ˣûֱӴᴩȥɡ
Լ˲ٶ˵ʲôҲȥ˵ʲôָѾյǰ˵
ã
ǧ̿Цŵͷǰǻ̽һ³ԵʵȻûѳԵʵȫֳ̽ĿֲֶΣȴȫķڷˡ
ǷǳԵͷԼޣܹнҽѺùϵָǺεȿֲĴڡ
ܹӵֲֿޣֺγһֶΣ
ޣ
ֶΣһЩνֶΡ
£ǱǱֱسǰȥҵ̫ʱ䡣
﷢ôı䶯ͻȻŴȻ޵ע⣬ʱǱ޸ˣǿɾ൱Σˡ
֣Ϊٶȿ»Կһﰡ
ǰӰٱۣÿһѰ״ʦʱмĶһ̾˵
ʱ䣬ǴռݵķΧٶȽֵУ˴ľڻҲǰȫ˲١
Ҳóˣʵҿ¾Ͳ綫ˡǫЦ
ΪȻĽ۷ʦ¾۷ʦ֣״ʦϼУʵӿһеģҲǵ֮δ֮֮ǰѾ״ʦ⡣
岻֮ΪͻƵĽڴʦѰ״ʦĶ֣۷ʦԶԿһ
ⷬʵȻǳԽ˶
µĿ겢Ƕ񣬶еʮԼеڶ
ݶ˵ΪȻδͻƵ߽״ʦǵʵѾ߽״ʦϱرԿһЩ߽״ʦˡ
۷ʦȥ߽״ʦһְնûС
ǣʹ÷ӡռ䣬һط֡
ǳĵƣ򲻵ѵ£Բ㽫֮ó
ǫˣȻû㽻֣ϢҿԸܵóʵûгңҲԲҲǷ֮۹
Ǻǡ
ҡͷһЦûм⡣
ƺҲΪϾҪϵĿĵأĻ⣬Ϊ˱֤״̬ٿ˵
ǣȫٱۣô˵
棬ȫٱ֮£һľ붥ֻҪһʱѪɭڶ̫࣬δ֪Σգǳȫٸ·ҪԤܱΣգԵ˲ʱ䣬㻨˰ʱ䣬ŸϵĿĵء


350 ÷
ڵ𣿡
˸ϵһƬϿȵʱͣ·ϿߣܵɢǿϢüһ˿ء
ģȴ˷ܡ
ӶĿгԵ֪һθϵˣ󲿷ֶǿߣоӿһеʮԼڶ
֮⣬࿤ǵǿߡ
ЩǿΪ߽״ʦûܹǬԪģǵʵӹɣ󲿷ûͻƵ߽״ʦȴǿ߽״ʦУ˵߽״ʦ֮޵еĴڡ
ӿӿǬԪĿǣǰӿǿ߾жˡ
ھЩżʶʶ
ȻĿģҲһϹǿ߶Ѩȡʵ
˿Ͽ·פ񣬳Ƴһ·Ŀɨɨϰ죬ȴûзκ
֮£ֻõ֮ʼ۲졣
ţǱߣ
ܿ죬ԾͷϿȶϷĿռ䣬Χ죬ʱʱ֡
ƬشפҲģΧ˲ٵߡ
ǾǶ˵ļ󷨴ʦ𣿡
ԿǸӡɢһЩߣһ˿֮ɫ
ǰŵʱȻҲӴٵ󷨴ʦʦ⻹ϻ⣬һο󷨴ʦ
ֵܣӿפĵطȹȥɡ
һԵĶָԶ˵
ã
Ե˵ͷ
ԣ㾡͵һ㡣ǻ֣Ȼ鷳
˱ߣǧƺ뵽ʲôͻȻ˵ӿһߣŴԶɺͻɵˣڵڣ㱩¶ԼݣһЩ鷳ңոճذǵʱƺ߽״ʦʵɣڲŹһʱ䣬ΪʹﵽĽ״ʦٶȣӦ֪жֲɣ
ȷҴˣ
ԣҲһŻȻס
˵ںԶɺͻɵһЩӣ㹻İӦһͺӿһ磬ʱĿǶԿԿ
ңԿֲٶһ¶ȥĿǵĳԽɳвǣȻ뷽跨ԡΣա
ϻãûа취ıһҵòԴϻʵ
򵥡
ϻúܿǻӦˣھ͸ʩչһСС˵ǸıòˣϵϢҲȫס

ϻû£һɰǴӳڶѸȫ
ŨɢԵòȻһ䣬һֱ꣬ӱһꡣ
򽣣
λҾͽˣ
ԵǧºͶ˶Ҳȫı䣬򽣵һģһ
ѽǡǳԣ
һԵĶǧ¸տʼûע⣬һæһʱ䳯ȥò׷仯һˣʱɴ۾Ϊ˿̳ϢڣϤĸоǼҪΪǻ˸ˡ
ҵòԶɺͻǶУֻǵظһ֣϶ƭǣֻǽòϵϢҲһıһˡ΢΢һЦŽϵϢ
֣㵱ҲаһۣòȻֱӸıˣǴ˵еݣûôɣǧ¶һ𾪣档
ҲֻһЩСֶΣ벻̨档
Ȼǲ͡
ǧ¿˳ۺĿȴͻȻ˸һ£ƺ뵽ʲôҲû˵ʲô
£˼ȥ
ţǧ
ԼĪӣһƺغѾõӿ첽ӭرȭȺλ
˵ţӱתߵǰ·ûȥվڶĳԡ
Կ϶Ƕ¡
Ϊһţߴһº
ڳʮӿЩ˹ˣϾǸڵЩ˸˹Ǻ
ǰӣƺͦضʻæڣӺ๫ӣڵκľŪҲˣڵһλ󷨴ʦɡ
Ҳ𣿡
֣üͷȻ壬ۼؿ۳ԣʵһ㲻Ǻٳֵôβúñչ׼ºİٳѡΣܵˣ
겻˼صҲǺ˵Ϊë£ľŪºëͬΪǳϵĵӣϵڴë屻һԵ˸ɱˣĳҲ֣ܵԾʹľŪҲˡ
ǸλҪù˰ȻζˣȻûǬԪҲûӿһǰʮһʵܿ⣬˵ǰûһ߽״ʦ㿹ϰС
񵭵˵
ⷬȻ˵
ǰĻЩɻصȷηǳǿƣҪԸǸԵˡҲ׵ȴǣȴһֱάԣҪѳԱ
˵ʲôҪԣ
ԣǧ¶ʱɴ۾һʱ򳽻ԡ
ѯΪλ
ԴˣȻҲһ㶼¾ʼ磬ʾԼҲ֪
ܿ죬Ժо͸ֳһӰ

ǵð˵ƺĽ
زʶǳڰûɰ
Ҳ֪ʵȷǰͷָǰһǾ棬ˣǧĶҲ档
õģлˡ
ǧĿ뿪Ŀؿ۳ԣƺǳףΪʲôᱣԡ
Ƕ֪һΪ̵ˣ˵ǰԶһ۸СӣһķˣԶȴƨҷš
Ҳʲô·ƽֱӰε֮ɳƺûʲôϵΪҪԣ
㲻˵ôֻ࣬Ҫҿ˳ԣһץʸ֪ɱҵʦܣһͷȥʦܣҲһӡ
ʱͻȻһ֮
ɱԣ浱𲻴Ҫɱԣȴ˵򵹲ң˵ɱԣһëҲˡ
䣬һ˿ǰߣлһŨŨս⣬ƺͲöԷһս
ȥʣҲԲµõˡ
Ѿ˵Ժ׷ǹʣӴûӴһΣһɶңͿڿҪԣֱźԡΪ𣿳ɱʦܣǺԣΪ˺ȥԣһʵɣҪһеӵķӦ


351 Ԥϵ
ǰһٶ
ʱһʦֵһͬǰȻҲǺʦִƽְɣʱҾֱӳɱ˳ԣȻɱʦܣҪɱҲ練ơ
ɱҾͺƴ
ʱһϤͻȻ𣬾ȻǷսҰ
սҰʲôֵõ𣿡
սҰֵܣ˵ĵطͿ˵Ϊʲô
ٶ㲻Ҫ𣿺ãھ͸ΪʲôҪԡǻ֪ԺСӰͶϣѾС¡ǣҪԸҵ÷ұѵӦ𣿵ǣҵڿ˵ҪԸ÷ǲҲøһأ
÷򣿡
⻰ԶʱȻԼʲôʱͰͶˣϸ룬ԼͰߵõȷͦƼԼͰһˣǷȥ£ҲѹὫԼ÷ˡ
һѵĽ𣿡пЦѡ
ʱȻԱĿһӵؿ
ǧºͶ
״Զʱռǧ£Լ֣ԼʱĿ⡣
ҵʱﻹֹţĶ۹Ȼ
һʱ䣬Զͷ϶ʱӿһĺߡ
ǧ¶˳԰ΣҲһЦƺʲôҲ׷ʣֱƿ񣬴ͬʱҲǴ磬˵÷ҵ÷𣿡
ֵ÷ˣ
ǧµĻԶͷӿߡ
Ÿոձ˵÷û뵽һתۣǧ¾ȻҲ÷
ⶼʲôʲô
г˿ЦǸмˣΪ֪ǧڰӼʵĺܡ
֮£붫̸˽ȥ
Ӵ˵˭ԭǻüȵǧ¡ǺǣʲôʱǻüȵĵӱôˣǸ˾ͿϣȻǧĶôۣ˳˸ӵŮˣǧҲòȥɣľŪȻ۹˵㣬㻹мɫϣСΣǲ֪ǧĺǸŮ˭ǳԵС檡
ӴЦţ˿ţѳϵ˷
ˣľŪ£ΪʦָͿˡҶǿ𣿡
ľŪǧ£ʱǰһĿɭضľŪ¡
ľŪ²мƳһۣʦָҳʲôֺ뵱ǿ㱾ǿ
˵ʲô
ŭƻӶۻԪʱۣľŪ¡
֪
飡
ȻθնһΪ͵Ĺֱϣֲνˣɫ԰ס
ӿһеģҿһʺ
ľŪһؼڽһ΢顣
㡭
ҧҧѹסĵĳ嶯ΪٶֵĻҲȡ裬֮ձҪһȥ
ľŪ£һ㣬ǰֶţȻҲҪ㸶ۡ
һθߴ͵ӣضľŪ¡
ȷսҰҪ߳һͷһƽף¶ļʯ¡𣬳˱ըԵһ仰Ҳ˵ҲΪ˵һ
ʱһڣһǿѹϢʱֱľŪ¡
ˣ
ߣ˵ʲôѵʦ˵ʲô˵ˣ˵ˣʦֵĻû˵ʲôôֵָֻˣ
һɢϢѹȶʱɢ
Կ˵һۣʵԲ𣬿¾ëʦ֣ˡ
ʱ棬żϤˣзսҰȻУսҰԹԵվ󣬵ȭͷһŭ
ֵΪȻͻƵ۷ʦˣٶȻǲ֪ʲôʱܹͻƵĽ״ʦؿ۷սҰĿٶһתԱߵһŮϡ
ǧġ
ǧĴһۺɫȹΪĵգ˿ȴ˪ѿ˼㡣
ǧϵϢҲǿ˲٣Ѿﵽ˶۷ʦͻƵʦźҲõԴʵ
ǧĺͷսҰ󣬳ԵĿⶸȻһת䵽һô۵Ľϡ
׼ȷ˵Ǹ䴦һϡ
һ£һ˫ֻµؿǰһĻȴû˿˼һж޹ء
ƺʲôĿ΢ֱ˳ϡ
Ȼȥʱ򣬳ѾջĿ⡣
ţ˭ϵϢȻĽ״ʦôһΣյĸоѵΪĴţӦӿΪĽ״ʦģܹҸеΣյļûС˳һۺջĿ⡣
ʱĳԣһ𾪣û뵽ԼһĿ⣬ͱע⵽ˣǼʱջĿ⣬»ᱻʲôˣӦþǺʮˡ˵ʮ뻯ƾ״ʦΪӲǿ߽״ʦһ߽״ʦ֮¼޵СȻǿ£ոһҾȻܵһ˿⡣ԺлᣬһҪúдһ
ҲǼϲʱ֣ܶǰƺѾԽԽҡ
ΣҲõԣΪֶ࣬ҪֵĻʦֵ˼Ҳ¡˿ӣҲǲٴԷӡ
ߵ֪ÿ϶һʵҵĿĲϹǿߵĶѨֻҪץҵˣ˺һΡ
㡭
ᣬû뵽ԷȻôɣӿ涼ˣĿһתڽ䴦ʮ
ʮû뵽ͻȻԼҡͷһЦ֣Ҫԭ򲢲㣬ǸԵϣ㣬ǵڰﳽԡԣʵڱǸΪҶҪǸԣ˽⣬ڲ
ԣҲҲԤϵˡ
Ϊ壬ӿħӿһʵ๫ӲɳԵΪˡǧվˣֱΪԱȻɱëˣ϶ǳĳԭ򣬶ɱ֮ԡ
Ůˣ˵ʲô˵ʦܸɱ𣿼ֱ
ȻǧĵĻû˵꣬ľŪ¾ͱŭˣ񱩵ԪϱӿƺƵسǧġ
ľŪ£ҡ
ѵҶֲɣ
ҪľŪ£αһض¡
Σҵġʹ򣬽첻ĹͷҾͲ𡣡κԣǾãһŨҵİԵ֮ʱɢ


352 һ
ʱǧľΣˡ
𱻵ʮ߶ûܹסľŪ¡
ľŪ£ҶĶһëҺƴˡ
ǧ¶˼ͬʱ֣ľŪ¡

ȻľŪƺϵǶ˻֣Ǹһ֣񱩵ȭͷǣֲԪʱǿڽѪ˳ȥ
ȻԺ״ʦ⣬ľŪµΪѾͻƵ״ʦ۷ʦ⣬ǶܶԿ
ŮˣҾ֪ɲ˵ġǰ赲ľŪµӶʱֱǧĽεա
һ뵽ǧǳԵŮˣľŪ¾̲סӵ󣬴ǧһЩİӡ
ž
ϵ죬쳹
˶ֹͣϵĶķ
Ϊʵ̫ˣͬһ˶ը졣
Ķ
˵һʱ뵽ǧģĿæǧԭվķȥг˵ǡֻǿ˿ǧվԭʱɵˡ
ĶǱľŪºݺݳһôһ¶ûУ
ܿ죬ǱǷ֣ǳǧĵӰͬһݰ㣬ǴƺмŰɫĶ˿˿Ѫɳ
飡
κӰأͬһֻ
ƵƽΪ̶
㵹ڵϵӰ˶ʱɵˡ
ΪˣȻǸոջڳǧģ˿ɵľŪ¡
ʲôҲҶĶγһƣССĽѵ´Σһ֪ôдġ
ͬһʱ䣬һҲǸ
ԣڳ֣
ž
ųԵĻ£ʱװš
еĿ⣬ȫۼڳԵϡ
ЩĿУ𾪡ɻԼŭ
ˣʲôˣȻҰҳִʦܣ
ȿڵģΡʵĿҪ˽⳽Եݡ
˵ڼ䣬ѾڵԪԱ޷ɵôԻһʱʩչΪ͵ĹҶʦֵܳӣ
ƳһΣɢƣЦ˵ûջΣҪɱҲԲܣҲûʲôüɵģ±˭ڿ˵ҪɱҵĳϵܣھȻ˭ߣھ͸ǣҽ򽣣ҵֵܣ˭Ҫɱԣʲôݣһÿ
ҺÿھͿû£
䣡
һԷͲʲôݱۺˣĿʱټϳɢϢĽڴʦ벻ۡ
ոճ֮һƳľŪ£ҲΪǳ͵Ϯ£ֱӾͶԳԷΪ͵Ĺ
Σλ򽣴÷Ĵ磬ҲĴ磬Ȼ˶ԴĴ磬ʲôС
λûɱȥ׼ʱѾɱ
Ҫԣ
ŭգû뵽Ȼ
ЦԣԸ÷Ĵ磬㣬ҲǸԣǵĻҽվ͸ԣҿΡ
ΣҲ˿ӡ
һڵġɫ˼㡣
ҵš
˶Ҫɱ㣡
ʱһŭȻԱ𣬾ǱһƳ˵ľŪ¡ľŪ·ɱһг򳽻ԣֲԪϹ
óѾȫҲҪɱԡ
Сġ

ȻҪԣһεĳֱɱľ磬Դʹѣ΢΢һͬ͡һʱ䣬һӰѸǰŴոմԴʹзӦʱİٶ䵽ϡ
͡
һΣľŪµˤøӳףǴѪֱ
ôܣ
һĻεٶɵۣǰһƽľŪķɣΪ͵ϮһΣԵ˵棬ķľŪ¡
˫ʵ࣬Զ׼
һĵúáǳ÷Ĵ磿𡣡
γԱﳩޱȡ
÷򣿡
пЦǵͷ볽һͬǣԺڼ䣬Ƕ˾ֵơ
ãȻǳԵֵܣôҲֵܡԺʲô鷳һҲԹۡ
ȥ֣Ҳһϸ֮ˣⷬͱ볽ԵĹϵλҪԸԣɰæˡ
ȻͼΪŭΣⷬϷŭ֮ɫŨΪ㱣ҾͲҶɱڵĵӣŵĵӣҲҪ˵һ˵ǳԵĴ磬²ûаﳽԵǸִҵʦܣҿǳԵͬȻҵʦܲɱģҲȳС١գұټڵĵǰ֮Է
͡Σ̫Լˣʵλڰɣң㵱ǳصģҪԣһֹ
˿˲ᶨ
εȷǴڣΪһסң١һ㿴ʵȻңۺҿ˦֡һЦҲ֪ƾԼʵܶԸ˳ԣҲԸǰġ򽣡
ҪԸԺ͡򽣡ֻڵӵݣӶѹס
ֻҪѹƵ޷ʵҪ׽ס򽣡׾١
ڵĺ½֪ҵȻѡ붯ԣǲͬⰡ
һ̣һӵĽŲĻһʵżּڽЦ
£Ӱƿ˽
⣿ԣ
߽ˣ˶ʱɻΪλԡ볽֮ϵΪǧģȴһȻ
ͬʱĿҲʱʱ򽣡
֪ΪΣǰƴδһ۵İӣһϤĸо
ʲô˼ѲҪԲɣ
μֱ߽ӱ̬վһߣɫѿ˼㣬ʵ
Цԣǡ㻹֪ɣԶҺž֮ҪԸԣѵӲܣǽûֱӶ֣ѾǺܸˡ
䣬ͻȻ߳ӡ
ϢǿȻûдﵽ߽״ʦ˿Ρ
壬û뵽ȻҲˡ꣬Ȼ൱硣


353 
ֻ˫ϵǺǢ
ҵܵ˵ҪԸĶˣҾ͹մˡ
Ŀ΢΢һУ˼ԣѾ˵˳ܵܵĶˣԼԸԣȻԹۡ
ԼŻڿ˵ҪڵĺȥԸԣԼûȥˣȻ˳Ҫԡ
ǰֵĽ壬һңһңҲֻһѣҲôöԸġ
ǸԻ쵰ʲôʺˣȻ˽⣬ж¡
жԳԺΪԲŵվ棬ѿ
ȻĿת˽ԣ뵽ߵݣʱЦԣҼǵãƺɵŰɣôѵΪɣڿⲻɣ
ڶɣеʦ򣬺ͻĹȡɵȴͬһΣ֮Һͽȴ࣬ǿˡ
üͷһû뵽ξȻˣѵΪԼ۸
һǸҳ˴ԣһһˡң˭Ƕ˳԰ëǾǺԣ˲ݡ
ݣβݣڲݣҵҪӿ˭ӣ˵ֻ
κЦƵġ
ΣҲԣɻԼǡ
䴦ʮµ̧Ŀ⣬ߡ
ĿһɨκȴЦӣʱЦûеӺ㲻Ҳֻ֪㣬иţСֽ̣ϡ
С̣˵С̣۾ʱɴһӡ
Ʋ˵ػС̣ϣŴϵĹŵӣӦ֪˰ɣ
ҡҡ
ʧǣֱӱ˹ȥ
С̾ȻΪԳ棬ΪԲϧԡû뵽ҵ÷ȻԵҲҲû˸Ҷ
ԵĻЦޱȡ
ֳ֧ԵˣҲһˣǴ඼֪ԺͿ֮ĹϵԲûкǰ˷ܡ
δ˿̾ɫǻرس졣
Ҵҵĳֵллλˡ˹˹˵
԰˰֣Цλ޴磬ȻҺ㲻죬ȻǳԵĴ磬ҸոֺҲǵĴ磬ּĻͲ˵ˡ
˻˵ʲôʱͻȻһĽŲǼӴ˽
߽ĿΧɨɨɫطֱΣԼڽ䴦ʮ
𣬱ҲԺںԱӿ档¼ȻΪһԵСӣϧǷĿǾݹڲˡκˮѰรɡ
εںιͨ˰ɫʱŵ
ӾȻֱӱ̬˵ɫҲǿʼѿǲںӵ̬ȣȴΪ⡣
ԭΪո߽ӣӿһγ󷨴ʦ
˴Ѱ󷨴ʦ޿־ɳǣֶԵУǿ֤ΣҲʲô
ӿһЩѰǵνˣ˴ǵһͬжʱ򼺷Ĳ룬ԿСӿǴ
ɣȷܴӿ˶ĿǳЦܵ𣿡Ե˵
ɵ󷨴ʦҲһסҸֻһֿܣǾʦܵǸҽ򽣵˽ڴã̸
̸
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ѿ֮
ΣڵĵӣǰˮˮԼȥһ䣬ȥκľŪµæϡ֮߳ǰǻݺݵؿһ۳ԣҪòסлһʮ֮衣
һû˿ˮ뿪üͷʱʮڴ״̬ǹغӿ֮£ͷǶ֡
ϧˣźͿûɳĴ壬Ҳûʲôֳ֡̾һȻӿһֻڿţҪһ֮ᱦҫȻġ
иʡ
ʱһֱڽ䴦ʮͻȻˡ
Ŀʱ
һֱ̬ʮôͻȻڡ
һʱ䣬ˣһɻ
ʮ˵Ŀ⣬Ǿֱǰȥ򽣵ԣҵǣǸԵˣʲôط
ţʮô𳽻ˣѵԸԣ
üͷһ壬ʮΪλͻȻʳ⣬ΪʮҪҳԵ٣Ӷԡ
ܿ죬뷨ͱֱӷ񶨹ˡ
ʮûжԸԵɣʮиҪȥܻὫʱ˷ڳϡ
һ˿ʣָֻܿƽЦŵҳϵѪɭʲôطҲǺ϶ѪɭֵڸʲôɱޣӦþʣˡ
ԣʮ˵ͷȻԵƽлһĨ֮ɫֳƬ̣ͻȻֵܣκˮ֮Уڣȫϡڳԣ治С̵ľ棬ֵĻҲһ֮ԡ
ʲô˵Ŀģ
ϲ˼˵
Ȼġ
ʮЦЦֵȻڻڴͬһΣһҶ֪ڵĹϵܱ⣬κһҶҪǿࡣٲѹڣ˵ûᱻһٳԽֱ׷ţ˦ں档
˵ǽ֮У˫ֳˣΪӿҫ
𳩿ĴЦţ˵˱ȺںЧҪõö࣬Ͼ㹻ĳ⣬ڲûһ˿⣬˫֮䷴ΪԶ˲Сìܡ
λֵܣ´ԣתһ£˵ʮȽϸȤûȤҺ
ʮתųԹ˵
״һȻ׹
ʮ֮ԺںȫΪԡԿȥһɢޣΪƽƽֳĹϵʵ˴һ


354 ʵ
һֳֻͦɡĹȺԼĴͬʱųֵģȶҪǿٵļ壬ҡ
̾Թϵ㷺ʱ򣬾ȻеС̶֮ǳСȻȫţŵĵλȴǼߣû˸ҵ
һֲĹϵɲʮӣȥύ
ȻҲʮ´ЦһĻһתԡ
ʮȥֻ˼ϣڹؼʱͬΪſǣĿҲֶξѰܱȽϣѹֻᱻΪˡа˵ʮɵø߿һ֡
ʮЦŵͷҴ˷ǰҪΪ˽Զǿ߶ѨȡҸӿҫѾȷԶǿߵĶѨһкˮʷϲ޼أԿ϶ǰǿ涨ȻŲٱԶԣбȻΣգԴҽȥ֮ҪСġ
ʮĻһ䣬ԵǵͷȻǻûнˮոյˮ¶ǳſʱͱһײΪ񣬵һ¿¾ҪˡˮⲿأҪˮ൱ѣû󷨴ʦĴ죬Ŷ롣
⻰ڵɫɵ
ˮ涼Ľƣž޴Σգ󷨴ʦҪСģˮڲǱŶٵΣˡ
ڻȵˮȥɣںˮŴʱɢȥһɢȥǾͿʼƣˮѰñȻһĻҪ˸ȥˡ
𿪿˵򳽻Եֵܣͺһɡ
á
£Ϊף˷׷߳
ţǾǺˮ
߳񣬳ԱǷھ׵ĵطһ
ɣڹڲһͬߴĺɫ֡
Ե̧ͷ۹󣬶һۣż֮ɫҲͣ첽ǰ˹ȥ
㣬ôо޴ͳеأ
ںǧĿڳԱӰͣ죬ͻȻԵǧ´
ԣĶ㿴˰ɣһǰ߽ʦ˵ǰЩʱ紫ɱ˻СëƷëˣ˱Ľ״ʦǲһΡ˵ˣ򽣴ս۷ʦܻܣ˵ܻǳ𣿡
ǧĵѯʣǧһΪǧʶ˳Եݡ
ʱ㽫Եй¶ǧ֪ȻǧһСı¶˳ȥ˵Բһ顣
ڵ˲ȫԸ򽣣Ϊ򽣻û㹻ʸ
ɳԾͲͬˣܹնɱë壬ֹ˵ʵǿ˵츳ˡʮ꣬ſĽ״ʦʵ
ӿʷϣΪټ
֪ѾͳԽԲ¶ĳԣ⳽ԽɳвڵĵλҲԣҲû취
һ֪ǰʵǳԣʵ˴ŵĿĽ״ʦѾ˿۷ʦʵΪҲﵽĽڴʦôھԻ᲻һеسֶԸԣڵĸ֣֡
ʮ꣬۷ʦ츳ӿһָҵǸҪ¡
ǳ𣿡
ǧٴƳһ۳ԵıӰʵҲ֤ǳԡԵƽû̫ɫʲ
֮˽֮Ƕ˵ġŮ˵ĿĽĶʵǿᣬ츳֮Ե츳һЩĸŮӣЩĿ
Ӵⲻڵ𣿺ɰոսڵĵӸһٺˬɣ
ʱڹܣҲΧ˲ߣԵ˿һͻȻԱӰ򳽻һˡ
Ϊ׵ʮ꣬Ϣۻ룬һ˿հƾա
ȻδͻƵ߽״ʦ˵ĸоҪǿһ˿һ߽״ʦǶòܿ⡣
֣Ϣе㲻׼ȷε˿ɲ𣬶Ǹ򽣵ļһ˵˿ǳԵĴ磬ҲеԨԴ
Ⱥ߳ӰΪ׵һϢ꣬ǰֵĶһһͣϿ𣬵ʵϣǵĿȴ˳ԡ
ȻһĿ겢𣬶ǳԡ
ԷĻԵüͷ΢΢ɻ󡣳ԿԿ϶ԼԷ޹ϸ涼ûмһΣԷȴ˵˫ԨԴίʵЩ⡣
˵˵ЩʲôԸûȥǱ俤ڰ׺ڸûӴʲôԨԴҪҲ磬Ǿ˵αҪЩɣ
ü֪ԲʶԷ±ŭһ˵
俤
֣һʱ֪Է˵ԨԴָʲôˡ
Ǻǣ㻹ʶǡҾҽһ£俤ڵӣҵʦΡλǱ俤׺ڵڤ
ĿֱųԣȻ㲻ʶңҲʶǡɱǱ俤ŵԭ죬ģ俤ߣɱԭ죬Ǵб俤ߵ˵ǳԵĴ磬Խֲڣ֪ܷȸһأ
̫˰ɣԭ챻ɱҲȡѲֻ׼Ǳ俤߶ӿ߶֣ӿɱǱ俤ˣǷ𣿡
վڳһߣȻҲﳽԡ
ʱѾǰп࣬ʵȻɲֹһˣǰ֮⣬俤ʵˣ˫ӲӿһʵҪԲСĿ
ɱ˵ȻǷȻˣȻҪܳͷɱǱ俤ߣǱ俤һλ򽣣ٰάﷸҲҪһͣҪλøǣȻ뿪
䡭
£ϢȻһգϢ˷ռгŨҵ֮
Ե꣬ϢҲ˲䱩ǡ
۷ʦ
ˣÿһ۷ʦϢۻоⱬ䣬ʵԲ߽״ʦ϶٣ҲܹԸһ
Լ仹ǿϢ֣ˡ
ǡǱ俤ߣ̫ˡ
ҧԪӿȣۿžҪ


355 µ
ʮҲͬǻǰгת
ֵܣǵĿң黹ɡ
Ȼʱվһһֱδ˵ĳԣͻȻߵǰʮ
ֵܡ
ɫһ
ʮüҲԵʵȻҲͺǴһΣǲóĶ֣˵ʱԣվʵˡ
ȻǳԵֵܣӵǲС
վ˳һɱȸһͰɣΪҪɱԭǲǲǱ俤߷Ȼ֪һǲҺЩӲģԭ򣬵˵һʵɣͱǶ㲻
ԭûУȻҪһʵɣҾ͸㣬ɾǡԾԭһˡ
Į쳹ÿ˵ĶС
䡭
Ե󣬵ڳһǴʦϵΪԵСǶܹ塣
ʱ䣬ɫǴ䡣
˵˭Ȼ˵ѵ𣿡
ԭȻʵݰŵ棬Ǳ俤棬ɱԭǾǴ俤ߵΪǰ˻俤Ǹŭû뵽Ȼ˷ȳԻй֮˿俤߷
ΪĽ״ʦ⼸۷ʦôΪǳͻû𣿵ôĶ֪
˵˺ǳԵֵܣʲôģǺͳһ첻µز£ҪԵģɲԭַ۷ʦ²ҪùƾӿһЩ߶Ҫǣ
ڱ俤ߣԺӿߣκ˿áڣ俤ͳ۷ʦں滹ʵ۷ʦȫѹӿߡ
ֵܣ嶯
ɫ΢䣬ҪǰȥˣȻҲܷŭʱɲܳ嶯Ѿǳ嶯ܹˡ
֣ҿƺûг嶯ȱ𼱡
ʮĿ磬ڳϿۣ֪ΪΣܸоǰӣǰ򵥡
ãһ
ԵĻʱŭ˸λ𣬡ԭնɱҽҲɡ
ࣣ
һ䣬ζ壬ŭȭͷâţ򳽻ԡ
һȭû˿ȫɱŨҡ
ɱңȡ
һЩͶɱģԸҪԼˣԴԷڶ࣬ǿÿԳɱһǵʵ
ݡ
͸ľ֮ԳԾбֱնɱľ硣
飡
֮һľ磬ʱѿһϸĽ俪
۷ʦľѾ൱̣֮ƿԽɢȻ˲٣ʽø࣬һʱҲƽ⡣
ʲô
û뵽ԾȻʹþйִ֮±˸ֲһ٣һʹϵĹȻͣ
ڡ
Ԫ
һ齣Ȼʣһɫ˸ɱؿڴֱƿؿڣࡣ
㡭Ȼɱң
ʱԺеʹѹȥһعͷԼؿڴһɹů
ͷһǿѪҪǮشؿڴʳǰҲһ谵
̧ͷԵǾȻ΢΢ƺ䶯£һԺ𣬡׹ʵҾǳԣ
㡭㡭
۶ţ˾ţҲŵϴ󣬲һ仰˵ֱͦͦصȥ
Ŀ
û뵽ûΪܹµĽ״ʦȻҪԸĳԡ
Ǹ˵ֻĽ״ʦʵˡ
ʵܹɱҪΪ̫Сˣûһ׼ûУԪûʩչ
ĻԾƿķҲԼʱӦЩƤˣɥʧ
ǳ
ǧĺͷսҰȺͳʶˣڿɱд󾪣ܿ죬Ǿע⵽˳е齣ʱӦʲôԵĴ磬ǳԱˡ
޴磬û°ɣ
ǧæǧĵϡ
Եһ¶ˣɾԿˡ
ǧĵʱڷӦһϲɫȴŻ֮ȥ𾪡
ԾȻնɱ۷ʦʵȫǵǿʩչͬʱֿϤ齣Ҳܹɱ۷ʦˣǸǰ˵ʵΪ΢ĳԡ
ʮ˶һۣж𺧣ǰ׵ʰľŪ£ǾûСԣû뵽Сˡ
ߵʵ֮ǿֶ֮ԶԶǵ
㡭Ȼɱڵĵӣֱ
μɱ۾ɵϴŭųԡ
ҳ֣ܹɱɼʵ֮ǿ˵Դ⣬˭ܱ֤ǷиֶΣ
Σ俤⼸۷ʦҲһţɫء
ǲںںνˮǽҪһĶ֣ǲ뿴ġ
ɲôû㹻ǰ׶ԳԶ֡
ڣڱô
ЦһΡĿѾﵽסߣǲԼ鷳
ڱô
ζʱȻ
Էնɱһڵʲô
һʱ䣬εĿʱŪǼɵԷʵݣƶҪƿڳЦˡ
ֵ֣Һÿడ
һأսҰһ˿ϢǴ˹ȥ
ֹսҰǧĵҲֱֱضųԡ
û취̫࣬һ¶ݣ鷳ɾʹˡʼ磬εص
ԣսҰǧĵ˶ǵͷ
ԲɱĻСëƷ塢ëˣǴ棬пϵ˳汣Ҳ鷳αװһ£ǿԱЩ鷳
͡
ʱǰĹȻ䶯տʼ䶯ٶȻܿ죬һȦȦĲʱҶ
µЯһɹϵܣɢ
飡


356 Ƶɱ
Ǿߣ·һ֣˲ʧԭ֪
һĻһĪĺʱÿӿ
ǺˮⲿΧ󷨿ʼˣҿˣһ󷨸֣ޱΣա
һЩ󷨴ʦӹ仯УǿЩߣ󺰵
ಡ
ԣһæˣҵ
󷨣ǸûӦԷֻ󷨴ʦȥ
󷨹Ī⣬ɱΣޱȡ
󷨣ԸȥһЩߡ
Ҳˣ
𿪿˵
ԵȻû飬ҲûȥǰͻȻֵЩ󷨡
ȻϻãЩ󷨣ʱҲٳͷȻ϶ᱻȺ֮
ڳԵ˺˺ǰֻʣܹʮ󷨴ʦ
Щ󷨴ʦʵǺǿ϶۷ʦǶ󷨵оȻһˮ׼
վڹǰоΣʮ󷨴ʦιƶ·ڶʲô
Ե˳׺󷽲ͣ£ңңعš
飡
ͻȻһһ󷨴ʦαһ֣˲ʧӰһҽж
ʲô󷨴ʦΣգ󷨾Ȼôڻֻںˮⲿ˺ˮǸΣգ
˼һĻɫʱص˼㡣
˭Ҳûϵˮ󷨣Ȼǿ˳̶ȣֿµ󷨣˵Ѱ۷ʦ¾߽״ʦᱻֱӸɡ
ΨԪ£ԿһԪĵʦһ߱Ŀܡ
Ҳֻǿܣ˵ʦǿЩ󷨣һȻ¡
磬ʲô취𣿡
üŸ˺ʵ
ͬüͷ壬ҡͷûбİ취ˣֻһĻ󣬲Ѷɱܣһʦʦ󷨡ˮоȻ˾տ
󷨴ʦ
ԣ˿ڿˮ󷨴ʦȻû׾ʦɹ󣬵³̶Ȳѷɫ׾ʦ١
׾ʦͬ߳׵ʦȫɱ
󷨴ʦͬˡ
ڶԿ󷨴ʦʱûоͨ󷨵󷨴ʦ㲻նɱʦʦǿҲûлʤĿܡ
磬ǽô죿󷨴ʦõĻǸƲˡÿԽˮ
ڵǿߣΪͻʦ𣬵ֻһʦҶһԲ󷨴ʦõ󷨣ίʵ
뵣ģҲþ󷨴ʦõġڹȥ֮ã򲻴һõֻҪȴһ󣬴ûһ̶ȣȻԴǽˮ
źˮǰĿռ䣬仯ͻȻЦſڵ
ˣǾٺòˡ
Ҳһ
ˮ󷨴ʦﶼӵУ˵ǵǺεǿ󣬱˵ڣ¾ңһ
Ǿôȥǲġ
ϻãɿ£
վʵ
䣬ϻñЦһˣʵⲢʲô󣬶һƵɱû´ĻɱǰѾƹֻδȫݻٰˣ֮Ժԣ˵ǻȫΪǸͿ󷨡ȻĻȫԴˮ
ƵɱϻãȻѾƹһ֮ãΪλǿԾɵʵ
ϻôҵǾ̫СˡΪˮڵصףյԪ̫ϡǱ˵˳ף˳ǧףᱻ˲նɱ
˻
ԵһɱȻǿܣʵ̫󣬡󷨴ʦõ󷨣Ȼǿ˳̶ȣ
ǺǣˣǵĲ²⵹Ǵˣ󷨴ʦõ󷨣ֻܳάʱ䣬󣬱˵ʦ¾ͨ߶ɱˡܹһƵɱڵصάʱ䣬ҳɱ״ʦܣһʦֱʡһǳʦô򵥡
ϻЦ˵
ԣжʱ
˵ʦĵλ󷨴ʦĵλҪϺܶ࣬󷨴ʦΪʦȫͬˡ
ԭܼ򵥣󷨴ʦͻƵʦĸʣȾʦͻƵϽ׵ĸҪ͵һ롣
˵½Ͻ׾ʦһʦԲʮ
½ϣһʦλԲѰĸ߽ʦ
ˣˮɱȫʢʱھʦ룬¶н޳ѶȼߣΪ۸Χǲ˺ˮڲԵˮˣֻǿڣ˵۱Ȼûбȫݻ١ˮ󣬻˰ҵۣǵõۣҵıҲԻָһЩˡϻڴ˵
ͷģˮҵһ¾ǰҵɱۡ
лˣ

ǧºͶ񣬳ڿ֪ܶˮⷬˮҲû̫Ŀģǲ뷨ȻϻĿ꣬ϻñָһ˿ܣҲкܴȻҪѰۡ
ϥ¿ʼ
ʦ£Ԫ۵Ḷ́ھԪͬһĽڴʦΪܹԪ󻯣ԻὫϵһֱȥ
ˣʵͱҪӾ֡
ĻֻǷ׾о߰æ
Ѿֻھʵ޷ʱ򣬲ʹ׾Ͼʹ׾·
׾ʣ࣬Ի㽫Сӥоߡ
о߹ľҲǲܡԴϴһߺо߾һֱڱչؽ׶Σҷռ䱻о߻δüеһʱ䵹û
Ԫ嶼ı¾ˡ
˵ʵо
¾һԪ۷幦׶û˵һ׿Խ׵Ĺ
ʵԷʩչ¾ҲѾˡ
ֻ¾ȽײףܸоиƵġ
ΪﵽʦߣмĹԪ׹
һЩе㱳Ĵʦ¶Ѿϳ۷幦ɣ
Ȼת¾ȻûָȻǵеԪ˲١
ˣҿԽˮˡ
ǰͻȻ


357 ˮ
󷨼ˣҸҵĲߣˮ
һˣˣһᱻУȫʬ
죬壬ˮﶼǱȥ˿ɾͱ˸ˡ
ֹ󷨴ʦҲˡ
һʱ䣬󷨴ʦĴ£ȳ㳯źˮ˹ȥ
ʱ߸ϵʱۼںˮߣȻǴﵽĿֲ
ЩǬԪ󿤳ǣΪ޲Ǵﵽ˴ʦϣﵽ߽״ʦģûһ
ʦУ󷨴ʦʮÿ󷨴ʦǴһٲڵڡ
𣬳ԣǸңǧߣȻˣڵɱȻСһߴضûȥ
һǼӿΣȥ
ǵУˮڲȻı˭ȳȥлøõıʱĻҷٶȣ
ȻҲǽź棬ϻõİûǰ·ܹٶȣȫˮ
˵ʦģϻÿǾʦֻһϹͲС
ԻûмӿٶȣǸڷսҰǧĵЩߣԷһ

̣ҵֵסˡ
ҡ
ͻȻ䣬ǰһȺߵĺ
Զȥǿʮߣ屻һƬ׹׹⵱еſֲĸ£ҽһ㡣
ЩɢԪǿһȻǴﵽ״ʦĲΡ
ֻڰ׹⵱У˲ͱճɻҽһѪ
һЩΪϵ͵ģһû֧ŵ
˻
һĻ޲ǵ²Ӳɵ÷
ҲԵֵס
ѾȫʬˣһëûС
Сģ
󷨴ʦ̲סٶȣٸһʼһȫٳˡ
ȻҪȻǸ
ڲΪ󷨴ʦǣֻҪ̽飬Կ̽ΣյĵطӶǰܿ
ˣֻҪСƽǲʲôΣա
Ѱ߿Ӳ󷨣޷ʲôطΣգʲôطǰȫģٺҳ̣ǰĽѵڶģһþǱճɻҽ³
󷨴ʦٶȺ̽ΧΣӹȥǷƽ˲һ׾롣
ϻã󷨵ǲСıָһЩʵ󣬻᲻󣿡
ʦ޿κΣҪС֮󣬳ҲǼʶʦĿ¡
ʦڵԵսȲϾʦȺս棬ʦĿºãȴԶʦرǴﵽʦϵʦ
󷨣Եһ
ϻùһЦˣҲ̫СֻһͳΪʦ۷ʦˣȻҲֻ࣬һԶ󷨵飬ҵıԶʱھԿŽǰʮȥ˵ŽǰҵֻͣҪۣҲԻָһ˿ʵʱز󡣡
ʱز󣿡ԣԲŴ͡
ѾʶǼʶ㣬ԲϣϻñָһЩҲܹӵһЩƵСЩҲް
ûҲûϻÿԲó
Ȼʱϻȴ˵ʱزó
ϻüԾȣ̲סЦˣͲ֪ˣͷȻֻһ飬ҵı£ɲЩ߽۷ʦĳЩ滹й֮ͱ󷨵ۺ󣬲Իָһܹʱزó󷨣˿
ȻֶΣ
Զʱ棬Լ̫СϻˣϻýһɳΪһĵһˣʦҪԽʦֶܹ
ȻˣһˮǾѰۡ
Էǳϻÿʱزó˵Ƕôһô
̸һİ׵ֵ
ȻǰǶԷûеʦϵǿ
ΪƵǰ֮һǳһʦƵ󷨡
󷨴ʦСĴ£ʣµѾٳһЩû󷨴ʦʱҲóֺôύ󷨴ʦһͬˮ
һЩòύ󷨴ʦ߲Ըóʧء
ǿˮźǧʦǿ߱û
ʱʣµߣѾǲ
ˮŸʮɣɣڣԶʱڵĸޣ֮ɢֲʧӺء
ǰ󷨴ʦǶһۣɳʦͬʱƶˮš
¡¡
Ŵ򿪵˯ľͻȻѣһŭ
尡ˮŴˣȥ
һλǿߵĹ汦ǧǧܹõеı˵һھͿԪ£һٳΪʦǿߡ
һΣ˭Ҳֹҡȥ
ˮŸոմ򿪣󷽵һͬҰٶȳ˽ȥ
Ҳûͣ˳˽ȥ
̶̲һʱ䣬߱һ˺ˮС
ǽˮ󣬴ʱװֻżķ
ݡ
δζҪᵽˮеıһôʧˡ
һǬԪûɳ߽״ʦҲܳƷϵޡƷ۷ΪҪɱһЩνţһֻʲô𣿹κˮıȻͳͳС
Ҳˣͨ״ʦǶ֣һЩҪСĽģóƣǿɱ﷭
һƷͻȻһȺӴӰͻȻԶںˮ档
ЩӴӰߵʮɣҲʮɣһۿȥǺѹѹһȺޡ
ɢϢȻȫﵽƷΣмֻվǰģϢ񱩵˼㣬һܽԵĻ˺ɷ顣
߰ɣһѾһסرһǿߣ඼ܸϵøǻᡣѾı͸ǣǰҪúˮеĺˮ䡣ԣΣҲҪˮŪ֡ɱ⡣
ݡ
£Ⱥ磬һ˺ˮ
Ȼ˵㣬һҲȺˮĴҪߡ֪ΪΣǿˮʱˮԶ󣬱ʮɸߣʮɿɵؽ˺ˮ


358 
ǽˮ󣬺ˮٶȰ
˺ˮû뵽ȥˮȻֳˡûѰˮ䣬һҲҪҵЩޣҲһų
ְûãһаЦͻȻǼһɫƣ˺ˮС
սˮԱоǰһƬֲָƽһĿռ䵱С
ˣɫĻУʱʱ硣
統УԶϽʯķС
ӭǵĲĿŵıͬķС
͡

˸սˮΧͻȻһҽһƬ߱ˡ
ЩУΪﵽ˴ʦʵԪҲû˿á
ʵԪԷУͺֽƵģп
ǵһֵķйͲ֪жߵȥ
Сģɢߡ
ڳԵԣ
Ѿ˺ˮеһЩ֮۸ֻоſԹ۲ܡ
ԣԵ˷׷׽ɢ
ĽڴʦľȻֻɢףںˮвǴ粽𣿡
Եüͷʱ
ʲôط״ʦȻֻɢʮףһг֣Ҹ޷ǰ׼
ǰЩеʵ̫ǿˣʱûҲ֪ȥұزŹط
֮֮ɣˮȻΣأ϶дСĵ㣬סֻмֵ󣬲ſԻñ
߶ʼһЩڽ˺ˮ
󲿷߻ǺܿӦǼȻˮѾðյ׼
ΪǺûƽ׻õĺôҪúôȻҪеһա
֣ĶǶмҪ߶ˡԿ۲ԶķսҰǧģ˵
Ƕ˲ų״ʦǲСĵĻһ߶롣
սҰǧĶ֪ʱľ൱ΣգǵľֻףȳԻ磬¶صͷǧĵҲСĵ㡣
Ե˵ͷҪѯϻߵϻõԺˣЩУֻһְˡطҲֻǺˮĵһ㣬һ㲢ûʲôˮıӦ漸㡣
ˮһ㣿ûʲô
üͷһ壬Ȼһûбֱǰڶ㣬Ӧڵڶɣ
ǣ۾ڵһ㡣Һˮһ㣬ַΧ֮ڡЩ߳վԭزܱ֤ΣĻȻ׶༪١
ϻ˵ˣѾ֪ˣ۾ǰǧ⣬ΪδԪ䣬ϢѾ൱ˣԪ޷գˮԪϡ޷ټںˮòһʱ䣬᳹
ǧףϻãǧ׾ʵеԶҶµΣգҵľҲֻɢףҪϵǧ⣬ҲҪʱ
Ǻ谭Ҫǧ׾ֻҪӣȴǶʮ
ϻͻȻЦˣɱԵ֮
֮
ԣһһٻȥ˷֮Ĵڡ
ûйɣ΢һƷ֮ǻ׹⣬ľ硣
䡭
ɲǼ䣬ֻоԼľƺõĳļӳ֣Ȼûбǿ󣬵ܸǵķΧ˲䱩ʮٱ
ţȻô󣡡
һɢܵʱ˳ԵԺС
ֻվߣǶڵȴ󷨴ʦоΧΣϲ˵־塣
óԶݵĲǵѪеߡ
Щ߼ǧ
⻹ֻڳԾǷΧڵߣǼϾ֮ߣµһߣͲǧ֮
¶
ҪҵۣϻɣӶʱز󡣡иӼᶨ
֣֪ǿɷŵùңһԵ𣬾
ʱоΧΣǰΣգѰұԺͻȻһϢɫ΢΢һ򳽻Եˣ÷򳽻ԵĴ磬ôŲ㡣
ԵͷҲȥᡰ÷򳽻ԡĸֱۣ˵Ȼŵùң뿪һ뿪ʱǾʹԭأ뿪ҲҪ뿪ô
һ֣뿪УҲ̫ΣˣΪĽߣֻҵķΧɣ۷ʦΪ߶ǧһ˸Ժκͳ÷򽻴
Զͷ϶ʱðкߡ
ͦмģعԼ
ϧѶȻΪһı䣬ҡͷһЦԵ뵣ģˮȻգҶԴ˵Ѿһ˿˽⡣ңôҡ⣬ĵطǺˮĵһ㣬ûκαֻнڶſܻбڶڻûҵһҾȥѰҵڶڡ
ڶڣ
󾪣û뵽ˮȻеڶ㣬ûгԵѣǻһСˣҲ볽ô뿪Ͼˮһʵ̫Σˣ󷨴ʦƾʲô֤Լǣ
֣طһӾͶһΣգ뿪ˣҽһ¡
£ԲķӦһֱǰȥ
ճȥԾϻԼϲһھ̽󷨣㶯Ȼ˵ע⣬ⲻҪġ
ǧķսҰ˼ͻȻ뿪һż֣Ҫ׷ȥ£ȴǱĵؽ͡
ԴˣҲ޿κΣֻƽ¡
ھ̽ķΧɢԲİٶףϻõָ㣬һ·оգһ·ϣҲʶĿ¡
ͨϻõĽ֪ܳһ˵Сɱɣγһصľɱ
һ˵СɱнΪǿģɷ絶ľҹʮСɱ󣬲ǰЩСɱͱݻ˲١
Ҿ¸ʴǰͲƵСɱҲҷ
ʣµСɱѾ֮һЩǿСɱֻʣʮ
еСɱҲʮ
óԸеΪؿϧ
ˣڼʶ˸СɱĿº󣬶Ҳ֮ͣԼϻãϻÿ󣬲ҿʱزó


359 սƷ
ֻ˲ӣԾ͸ܵǰԶһϢ
ǰ˰⣬ڵĵط𣿡
˷ܲѣٶٶȼӿһ֣Ȳϻýȥ
ٶȴ׾룬Եľλá
ֻԿʱԱ߾Ȼվ˼Ӱϵ˷֮ɫʱͣüͷҲŽ
ԱߣվӰ
࣬Ǹ߽ʮɵӴޡ
ͷ߶ʮңɢſֲϢȫﵽƷĲΡ
ƷޣԵüͷ
Ʒ޵ͬ״ʦͬȽ׵£඼һ޵Ķ֡
޵ķܱ⡣
ѰƷޣսﵽ˿۷ʦĲΣ߽µĴʦܿ⡣
ֻǡ
ϻãֱܲ뵽ռɫѿ˵
ϻҡͷһ̶סһطǺѽƶģǿƶҲҪѴʱ䡣ʦ֣ſ˲佫뵽ռ䱦ռָС
üô죿оڶڱչ״̬Ȼɱ״ʦƷ޵ķҸƳˡޣֻ޷ҿ˲ƿͷұ˵նɱǵķҶƳˡ
Եľ֮ȻӰ쵽Ʒޣͷ޵ķʵ̫ǿվɱԶÿɱԷ
ϻóƬ̣ˣֻҪܹסЩްʱ䣬ҾͿԽɡ
𣿡
ԣ¶˼֮ɫ
ݡ
Ѹٿǰϲɢһ˿һϢ
޲֪ΪΣһˮ۸Ҳõۡ۵ЩϣصļʼΪ㡣
۳ڱصãǰƷޣҪɱȥ
ʱɢİٶףƷ޶ֻ̽⵽Բʮ׵ķΧǳԵһƣȿԷöԷûӦʱɱһֲ
İ׵ľ룬˲伴
֮ɱ
ݣ
ֻʣʮʱԵα¶һεľ֮ɱֱӺһƷޡ
͡
ھ֮ոպʱԵҲȰϵԪʩչЯľɱ޵ĶͷԺ͸һֱѪ
һ͵ϮɱһƷޡ
𣡡
࣬Ȼ͵Ϯǣ
ȻɱǵĻ飬ɱ
ɱ
ʣѷӦͬʱԳԷΪ͵Ĺ
ݣ
һʩչ֮˲俿ۣϻ÷˳
ϻõƮ첻գ˵ǰͷƷޣԪµĵʦǿ߶뷢
޼ԾȻۣ޴ͫ׶ʱһΪǳġ
ܿ죬ԾѾ뿪ۣȥֻǾۣΪ۶
ݡ
𡭡
ʩչ˲ݵĳԣһ֮±Ծʮ׵ľ룬ЩȻӴ󣬹ֲӴһ̾ǳΪǺɱԵ׸
Ʒ֮䣬ԿȥУƵᣬȴп࣬˿ɡ
ƷȻûÿһεĹ޲ȫΪ̺ڵ㣬ó΢΢һ͡
㹥˵ڳϣǲһ㣬ó˽ǣѪ
˵һߣϾΪĽڴʦһȭǷǧ¼ԪҲǧ
Ѱ״ʦӲǧƷϣǸ࣬˲һ˿һ
ԵǿԪ͸ǧûУƷЩʹ˲ǣ˵ɱˡ
£Գ˾סͷƷޣûκηĴ㡣
ֻҪְӼɡ
磬е㲻Ծ
ԼĪʮӣһͷƺЩߣߵıʯ޴
ʯͫ΢ĿⶸȻתԶۣϵĸֲϣȻڶ̶ʮ˽һ룬ʱһĿۣҷҪ˺ɡȥô£ףͽʣµĲϻٵǵòҲЩ̰õ
ǣ硭
ԣһҪۡ
ݣ
βŸնԺһϢȻֲľʹû˼άҲɲǼͣʧȥһз

һɽ˲仮ͷ޵Դ
Ѫ
ͷ­أ
ˣȻɱǵĻ顣࣬㳹ŭˡ
ʯ޼ԾȻ޲ע⣬һնɱñף޲ʬΡ
Ц޶ھ൱ֲڣոǴѾȻ֪˵ʲô޳ۣ֪Էϻۡ
ۿϻþҪȫɣǰȥƻ
֮£ֻǲ޵ļл޷Ϊ͵Ĺ
¡¡
ֻǣΪնɱޣԵĴ˲ΣյС
ֻΧɱƷޣһģֻͬСɽ㣬ѾͷԴס
ֲϢѹóԼ
Ҫռ𣿡
ѹԼĿֲܣĳŨŨĲʡ
ܶʱһЩվȻȫȥˣʵﲢδ̫ܵѹ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪʼΪԼűֶΡ
ռ䡣
ֻҪŷռڣʦ֮û˿Ҫ
֮£ȻΣδܹϢ
Ϊ඼Ϊ˳˳˳ˮ
һνˮޣ϶ǳࡣֻƷޣ϶ǿģǶʰˣˮҲȥˡ
֮£Եоӿһǿҵ֮ɫҵҪֻƷޣǲĿԽҸʰˡ齣նƣն顣
һе齣Ȼնһҫ۵ľ콣⣬׵罵ĿĽâᴩգͬʱֻĻ㡣
ն
죬һƥء
Уһǿҵ־
Ϊĵ־
⡢ΪҪǰһмն顣


360 ۵
Ȼ䣬־·һ˿뵽˳ԵĽ⵱С
ݣһҪƾľ⣬ʱ齣ɢ
ƥ˲ᴩ޵㡣
Ѫ䣡
𡭡
ֻ޵ܵشˣŭţȴ׶ԳԷ
꣡
һĻ˿ֻ޻Ҫˡ
ʵܹҪǳԵ־ǿҽ⾭սѾΪĻȻʩչһС
ոһȻʩչԪҪǿֻеҵΪͻƵ״ʦԪŻᳬһˡһƾ־ںϵ⵱вܼף絶ұն
а
࣬Ȼ˷ҽӶɱҵĻ顣ųǵŭɣЩ飬Ҳ߳ˮһǲŹǵġ
Ϊ׵ıʯ޼ֱ׻ˣʱŭȴٶԳԷȻŭ𣬵ѾһĨɵ
Եʵʵ̫ǿˣû뵽һĽڴʦ࣬Ȼڶ̶̲ӵʱĻˡ
ʵѾѰ߽״ʦˡ
ãɵҸոմľն׶Ҷ֡
ʯ޲ٶԼ׶֣Ҳ˿Ͳŭв
ոʩչ˾ն󣬾͸оȫ񱻳Ƶģʱʩչʽһʯ޶ǶҲóˡ
ڱʯ޼ɵնûٳ֡
ʵҲݲñʯ޲ɵնԪҪǿ۷ʦȫᱻնɱ
ֲɱǱʯޱʯҪӲҲܻᱻն
һʱ䣬˫·һУ䶼ΪɵԷ
ȻԵļɵȻǲϡ
ֻûʮӣԵɫ΢΢һ䡣
ͷ޲ҷԭڵǵĻ顣Ȼֹ޽ˮѹָղűʯ޸˵нˮн޳ˡ
Ըշȥõ࣬ٶ
Ϊ֣߷ʮǿϢٿǿϢȻȱʯ޻Ҫǿ٣ȻƷ۷ޡ
ЩϢЩ޾볽Բףٶ죬ЩжǺûκвԡ
󷨵ˣ
Щɻ󣬵ϸһˡ
ĿⲻۼƳһ۲Զϻã۲Ѿϻɵʮһ
£ŷϻûǿף˵ʮʮ룬ûе̫ʱ䡣
ӣʮӴγ˳ԵľֵС
ߵһӰŽʮɡ
ˣɹˣ
һ׹֮û˳Ե壬ϻõͬʱڳԵԺ
λѣҲˣȳˣ
ԴЦһһ˲ʩչ£һȥ
뿪֮ǰһӣͷնɱƷޣ뵽˷ռС
ˣȻͼߣ
ʯŭһæһԣѾڿֻҪټֵʱ䣬Ͽǰ֪ô࣬ŭ
ĻϾҪִʱȴѡܡ
ʶأʯ޳۷ȥǿǸطѾǿյһƬ
ʱʯüҪѪѹˣԭѾ۸ˡ
ñʯޱ׵ģǳǰȻ潫ʬˡ
ʯѾҲҪԸ
ֻǶռ˰
ȻȷԽʯ޵ͷ˦˶ʮףʯ޵ٶʵ̫ˣǲʱ䣬ͽ̵ʮף뻹ڲ̡
࣬ϣһҪȽ֫һҳɷ飬
ʯ޷һɱĺ
Ҫռ߰
ԿЦһʯ޵ٶʵǿ죬ռ䣬ûһߵİգһʮͷƷްΧʱӶӲˡ
¡¡
ȻڳԸҪռʱͷʮ֮Ȼһ¡졣
һ̣ˮĵһ㣬׹󷽣磬ڹⱻɢ
𾪵ͬʱ׷̧ͷϿա
ǱǼһѷƾճ֣ѷֳֿǧףаס
⡭ǵڶͨ
ԭˮеڶ㣬ǵڶͨ𣬿ȥ
ˮһʲôﶼûУڶ㵱бȻ˭Ƚȥ˭ͿԻøı尡
γ۷ʦʮ״ʦˮڶıһҪһư
尡
ݡ
ŵڶͨĳ֣·һ˷ܲѣΪΪڶͨĳ֣ΪԼϿԻñ
һʱ䣬ͬȳ㣬ϣѷ쵱С
Ȼܷɳۣʮ׵ĸ߶ȣǿ׷ݶġ
ڶͨˣˣȽڶᱦеǻɱ
ıʯ޿ڶ֣ͨҲ᳽ԣ̧ͷһƴѷ࣬ͫһĨѪЩ̰࣬ȻҺֱǻòͷˣɱǡ
ʯ£ȷһӴһŵ㣬ɱѷ촦ȺС
˵Ʒޣ
飡
ƷޣȫԿʮ۷ʦǴɱ¾Ŀģһ£ڶ̶̲֮䣬ųһʦϡ
ǵӴɱʮ㣬ֲѰ۷ʦƿʱߵ˼඼Ҫѷ죬Եֵס
ޣҲˮˣһҪűﰲȫ뿪ҲΪѡ
ȱЩˣڶ㣬˵ڶ˵Աס
쿴Ǳи޹ˣһǧͷҶƷϵġ졭ڶ㣬Щ޸ܹġ
޵٣Ǵ̼ЩߣǸƴسڶ㡣
һǧͷƷޣ
Կһ۾Ѿ׵ĴޣĿ΢΢˸һת˵ķȥ
Ƭ̣Աǿˡ
ʮҲδ뿪
ʱΧѾӰˣ඼˵ڶ㣬ڵҲûҲ˵ڶ㵱С
ֵܣû°ɣ
Զؾͷ˳ԣ¿ӭȥ


361 
˾ȻԼЩмԼȣڶֺͨѱǻȨףȽڶñ
û£֣Ҷû°ɣ
ѯʵ
Ǹոģû߶ǰȻûڵڶͨˣô죿
Կͷϵѷ죬ʱΧѾûʲôˣ඼˵ڶ㡣
ԼĿѾﵽۣ˵ĿľѰڳҲǵѿոôԼûеһʱڶ㣬ȴԼԵҲһˣܷǻһЩʵı
£Կ˵˵ڶܴڱиΣգԴ˷ڶ㣬ѰȻҪȻҪ԰ΣΪء⣬ոӦҲ޵ټʵǿȲѵ£ǧҪǽӴ
Ʒ޵ǿ󳽻ᣬһȻʮȸ֣ҲֻܿһƷ۷ޣ޷һԿ
ã
˷׷׵ͷ˳Ե顣
ԳʮΪ֮£ӿһڶʮߣ׷𣬷ѷ쵱С
սѷ죬Ծ͸оǰ̹˸ǰľɫʱ仯Χ죬ľïʢⰻȻʱʱ޺
ֻǣһƬɭ֣Եͫ׾˲
ΪǸһ֣޺ͣˣΧֻԼԶһЩͬͽ
Ѫɭִʱ䣬֪ɭһǾͱʾǿ޳ûΪ͵Ĺ
Сģ
Կˣ˲ˣæ֣ѡ
𡭡
һ£һ˱˷ܵĺǵ˷
ͬʱߴĹïܵĲݴУһӰ˲Ծɱ
Щ޵ϣɢһɿֲϢϢǵأ·ԾħĻ֮
찡ޣʦ޷⣬ôô̬ޡ
Ϣ̫ǿˣޣˣңǲһ˿·
ܶû˰ˮʲô˵һ֮ذ
ЩɢϢӿʦһ¶˾֮ɫ
𣿡
ĿͻȻֵһɨ񾳽ľƿʩչ˲һͷɢſֲϢޡ
Ըܵͷڵ̶ȣͫ׶ȻһһֻһЩƷޣСģмˡ
£齣Ȼն£ͷɢſϢޣ˲䱻ԵĽ֡
ݣ
ֻԵĽҪͷһΪʱڶȻɢһ˿˽
࣬Ҽסˣҳ
ͷؿ۳ԣҪԵĸһ仰ͷ޾ȻֱתΧԵ˵ޣգۼʧ˳ԵС
ٶ֮죬ǳλ޾򽻵ľʦһʱҲǿĿɿڴ
ֵܣû°ɣ
ոЩϵϢʵ̫ǿˣȫסûһ㻹ֵ˼ǳͻȻʶЩݣѾΪЩ޵ꡣ
ҡҡͷû£Ҷû°ɣ
ûû£ոնֵ㣬ʶЩ޵ʵǲóȻǣĻǿֵ˼ûС
ǰЩ̫ˣʵϢȴ˿ֲ˼ûС
һֵܣǴҾ㲻ҲҪˡ뿪ˮһҪֵܺúúȼ
һҪֵʹһС
һʱ䣬򳽻ԵĿ⣬һ˿м
м֮УŲٵľ壬˶ʶƲЩ޵ʵȴܹһۿǲ塣
ҿˣͬΪӿߣ͸ûνˮҪͬͬʿࡣҡͷһЦ⣬ЩܹŽһȻΪ˽ҵȡĻΪ˸ӿ棬ЩˣԵԸ
ⲢΪҲӿߣӿвǿ֮԰æȫǿ˵ϡ
Ѿֺˬ˵ѡ
˵䣬Ծɢ۲ΧΡ
Ľ״ʦľԸһ׷ΧԶĻԾľ൱󣬼ֲ˶á
Խ֮󣬾ĸǷΧͬߵİʮ
һɢʹﵽ˳ǧ׵ķΧ
ǧ׷Χ׵ʦܴﵽķΧֻн׵ʦſܳǧףﵽһ׵ķΧ
ҳԵľΪ˷֮ѰĴʦͲľ
ǧ׷Χе߶˳ԵľǵУԷߴʱʱüͷɵ
ǾʦжϳƬɭ޵ʵû׼ʦЩޣһʼǾΪޣûκοͷʹýʦǿߣнµһۼͱնɱ
ʣߣѾһˣҴ϶˺ۡ
Щʦܹ֮ҪΪϵʵԪһãҾһֹҲ޵ĹǺǿ
׼ʱȴǹϵȥ
һ˹룬ޣһͷûʧ
һȴûзǵټ
Щޣ֪ʲôͷϢǿԿޣ۷塣ǵʵƺǿĲƷޣһƷĶûС
ɻޱȣЩβӴ󣬶̬죬ûһͷʶƷ֡
ˣЩ޲ͨޡ
ʱԵԺУϻõ
ϻãѵʶЩޣ
ϻüʶ㣬ǻϹǰˮͿܴڣ˵ϻþʶ
ϻõͷЩޣǰʲôޣֻǺˮĳǸΪؿԲơƬԭʼɭ֣ӦҲǰͿʼγɵģԭʼɭγɣҩҲʹЩǿֻˮԪϡǵΪɳΪձ鶼ƷƷ
ǰĳϻã˵Щޣǻģо
һ꣬ǿֻϵޣſӵеʦǿߣֻһǧܻꡣ
ЩǰǳޣȻԻ֮á
ίʵ̫˼
ϻҡͷȻǸ꣬󲿷ֵޣӦֻǷܳġҴϢޣԲܹʱ䣬ƬɭеҩйءϵǿϢҲȻΪʳĳҩ


362 ҩ
ҩ
ԣԾһŷɭֵУҩ
ǿǵ÷һ߶ݵġԪΪԪһݵģǶԴʦǿߣҲдðǡһǧݵڤ˰ݵľ֥ݵѪݡ찡Ƭԭʼɭ֣ȫҩذ
һӦԱ㷢ҩݣɫУʱӿֳŨŨ˷֮⡣
ֵܣôˣ
һԵϸֳ˷֮ɫɵɻǿɭ֣δ֪ʱܾԾȻ˼˷ܡ
֣ôҶ֣ҩƬɭҩҩ綼Ѱ֮Ƕˣ˵Ҫ˸ȥˡ
£ԲʲôӦѾȳ˲ԶһһǧݵѪݡ
ѪݲǶԱ߻㳬ʮѪݣͳͳһǧϵġ
ԸûκԥʮѪݣȫ뵽˷ռ䵱С
γѪݺ󣬳ԵĿѾ˲Զ÷ϡ
ҩɭҩҿ춯֣ռҩ˿ɾͱ˸ȥˡһĻ˻ǷӦ˷ܵشһԼϵҩȥ
ӿߣҲ׷׿ʼռҩ
һռǱܿߣⱻԷ֡
ھҪŶԷδӦǰҩռ
߸ոܵ޹ȫڷ޵ٶȹûֳ˼ȥ۲ΧûҩǾǷΧܸ̥ȣǾֻܹɢʮʮףȴԸǷԲǧ׷Χ
ڹ˲ʮӵӣһʦ˴ҩټ
Щҩ쳣򲻵ڷҩǵһʱͽϰ춼ûٳֹӰ֮Ժ󣬿ʼȫռҩ
ֻǣ״δãʮĴͻȻۼһƺʲô
һӣʮƺĳֹʶ
֣ͣеߣȫ֣ͣ׼ռҩ˭ΥǾǺǬԪһʵԡʱ˵Ϊˮ߳ȥ
һθߴӣȻһôԪ۵һڿǣǲһеߣ׼ռκһϵҩʱˮʱǻһһ̲飬ֲһЯ˳ݵҩǲûеҩ䵤֫вˣʮ
ʮˣȻָǬԪˮʮһʵ
һǬԪ󿤳ǵĶδ˳֣һǸ˳֣ܹʮһ
ʮģǬԪĴ
ڴǰͨߣʵĶֵһưҲС
Ҳ̫ԵˣЩҩ֮ΪʲôǾͲܶȡϵҩҲ
һ״ʦվ˳һĴոռһǧҩ˷ܲѣǾôȥʵ̫ġ
֪ǶΣӦøһٲҲҪȻ˵ˣҾ͸㶥ײǵ³
䣡
һ䣬ߴӣһֻӬݶ£ٶȲ죬ޱȣһ̣˺ƻһʯЯ֮Ȼ䡣
ͣ
״ʦĵֵûԴͱҳ˷飬Ѫɽ
ʥӥɵʯȻ˵еһһԲϾͻնɱԷɱ顣ոǸ˲΢˵㲻ֱӽ˸նɱǸѵҲôݶɣ
û취˼ʵ˵ǿ߽״ʦȻ룬ʵ۷ʦж㶥ˡһһӬģ߽״ʦǿҲԳʵɱ
鷳ˣǬԪеһϣƬɭֵĺôһ㶼õˡϣںˮһЩӶʵڿбҲ޸ˡ
еͨߺͶŭ𣬵ǸǸŭԣҺʯԼڶһΪС
ٴν˶ҩռͨߺͶȴû̫£ռҩµҩ
ǲ뽫ϵҩ͵ռָǷǳһ֣˵Լ¾о޴Σա
Ҳţ뿪ˮ֮ǰЩһһǽ̲飬ûҪðգֻǱˣ㿴ϵҩҲֻû
ڿݸߵҩǧϵҩǻҧռָһѡ
ȻЩֻ
ûͨߺͶᣬӥɵһһռǧҩ
ȻǸеɻǣܶʱǷǧҩټǰһȴʲôûУɴһЩټطǧҩ
Ҳǿʱʯ˼ռŴǧҩ

ͬһʱ䣬ƬɭֵһټĶѨУһȺޡ
ЩϢޣʱʱɢϢȴǣ˲ֱӡ
ޣ
ϢⶴѨеޣһǴﵽײΣҶ۷Ĵڡ
վǰޣϢǿ˼㣬Խ׵ĲΡ
Խ޵ģǱǿԻΪεˡ
ȻɻǣЩ޲δΪΡ
ʱЩһأĿһۼǰһſʯϡ
ʯ֮ϣһˣθߴɸߣ죬·ںһϢȻѹס޷⡣
ֻϸȥȴֲ࣬ƣûһ˿еϢ
ǳĻȻϳ
ˣ
һȳշˣҪǿöˡ
Щڶˣ
Ŀⶢ·ޣĿⱻģ޲Ƕ֮ӡ
ʱ˷ʣҲҲǰ߳һɢϢǰһԣЩռҩǹȻǺ˵һսթ̰ޱȣΪ᲻ͬ顣ոҵһ¾ʹѶңһΪҩɱԼͬ顣
ԣ˲û̫ݣǳĬƺ˼ʲôκŵЩ൨ӻǴ󣬾ȻˮȻһڶ㲻ʲôΣգǽ˵㣬˵Щ߽״ʦûﵽˣǵʦǿߣҲԻҲ̫߰ˣȻǺˮһʦûɳ˴κˮұΪǿʦʱҲʦ뿪طˡ


363 
ǰͿʼڣһͷҰޣ֮ںˮɸҩ𽥿ޣԻ֮á
õԽԽƣΪôʱ䣬Ҫںˮ
ͨˮµණǿҲ֪Լֻˮںˮ棬һޱߵ½
ĵȴڵȵˮ
˱Ϊһоǿ߽ˮϾˮǰҲһȻֻһȺϰĴʦʧ֮
Ϊǳûǿ֣߳Щˮı飬еܿ춼
Īģڻһʱ䣬һʱǿע⵽ˮģʱһˮȻлĻˡ·޿ڰο
ҡҡͷγ֪ԷڰοԼҲֻǵȴˡ
ֻǣͨһЩ˽⣬ʱĺˮǿעˡ
̾һȥ룬ʵЩ࣬ﻹжԶ
ǧ룬ռҩٶһʱӦòϵ
εҡҡͷ̾Щܹϵ˽Ǹߣûİ취
žʱ·޵ٶһȺƺеͣռҩٶȺܿ죬߿òʱ䣬ǾͻִˡرΪ׵һˣռҩٶ죬רŶǧϵҩռȥʮ꣬ҹƺʮ궼
д£
۾һʵΪﵽʲôˣ
Ϊ
޿֮ˣ죬ǻڵΪòеͣĽڴʦ
ԣ˵Ƥʱ鴤
·ڶҲǰһۡ

ֵܣǶ㰡׬ôҩҶһͻƵʦȥˡ
ҽˮʵֻû뵽ھȻϰҩлнʮǧݵҩǷЩҩҾԿͻƵ߽״ʦ
ֵֶθ߰޾յռҩǵ֪ˣ϶Ҫ
ǸڣԼ̫ˣǲֵܽ񣬿Ϊӿһǿ϶Ҳдѵĺô
󣬳ԵֹͣռҩڸһϢջ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ǳŸмͳݡ
ʮˣԳҲǼΪ̾
ʱûκΣգտʼǻΪã֮ǱǷ֣һжǳԵĹͣÿиоƺΣտʱܵһʱȷָʾǻΪģ޾ա
ʱӿߣѾԳΪ׵ƣʮˣԳԶƴӡ
ЦŰ˰֣ҲлңͬΪӿߣαػ˿ȳ˺ˮúúһپˡ
ԶԶԣҪʹһٲУʱһҪ顣ڶʦǺˬشЦ
ԳԱȽ˽ǧĿһĻ΢΢ЩʧǰһСǳе۷߰񲻽Ϊȡ÷ԾԽչӿᶥߣƳ籸ηмӣ
Ǳ졣
ʱ˳ɾͣ治֪Ҫٸʱ䣬ɳεȵزųԵӰǧĲɵЩʧ
ãʲôأҿ˼أҪҪҰȥ˵˵Լģ
Աߵǧ¿ǧһۣϷŪ
ǧĳǧ·˸ۣɱˣҿûֻǶȽϺˣһͨͨˣ̶ʱ䣬Ȼ˳ɾ͡
һŮϲһˣ඼ǴӺĿʼİ
ǧ¼ϷŪţǧļ쵽Ҹµ֣æסУҲֻҲСԼϲſȥ׷ǡֻг˲Żлᣬԣô֪ܲһأ˵ҲиоֻǴûбֹѡ
㡭
ǧ
ֻǧһȴ΢΢һ£̧ͷ򳽻ԵӰסס
һĻǧ»һЦûȥš
Խ˺ڶߵ죬һԼռҩ
Ȼʱռ䵱һǿϢȻڶ𣬺һ˯ĺޣѡ
ˣ
ܵϢеϤζɫһϲæֳһ˿ռ䡣
磡
ȻԵľսռ䣬ʹԺ
񣬹ϲ㣬ʵȻָôࡣ
ܵ޵ǿϢԲɵϲӷɢϢȻǱҪ߳٣ﵽĽ۷ʦĲΡ
սҪǿö࣬ԷĽ۷ʦΪ¾Ѱ߽״ʦ֡
硭ռ䣬ȻȻôı仯ȪˮȪˮϢ磬ȿȡ磬ŪˣɶǾ飬Ů顭ѪͳŮ鰡磬Ѳ岿䣿磬òãᱻ׷ɱģ
ڳ˵ڼ䣬Ѿܵ˷ռ䵱еı仯һʱǵͨ죬磬̫˰ô̼¾Ȼһ𣿡
ŷôһĻ죬֪οڣͷǺߡ
⡭Ҳ̫ḻ˰ɣ
һ࣬ǽ;巢飬ϸؽ
곽һסû뵽ӡȻȪˮŲϵлᣬ嵹ǿȥһˡ
𣿡
Ե˵ͷҲй뷨ֻԼʵ΢뷨Ҳûϸǡ
磬㵹Ū˲ٵĺöЩҩֿƲٺõҩˡǧѪ㶼ŪˣⶫȻãټǣսü󰡡
ռһҩΪص
ǣ
ɻ
Цһ幦Сɺ󣬻һȼգΪʵ֮𣬲ˣҲƴһͭףǹ롣߽״ʦʩչСɾǣǰ˽״ʦƳ
˽״ʦ޷ƿ׹ʲôģԾȵ
ǣһ۷Ĺ۷徳磬Ѱĺ³˹Ҫǿ
ȻȺ³˹Ҫǿ
Ծһ³˹ǽӴԪ£ѰʦǵõҲûǴʦܱ⣬û뵽ǾȻ֮ȽϣԲڴʲôʱǣ


364 ׹
һЦѶȼߣΪߵҪ̫ߣûﵽҪóȻǣԻԹƵˡױʱʵΪ׼ġٶȣԤϵػҪ죬ǶȪˮˡǣҲȫ㹻ˡ
ھͿ𣿡
˫ĿһױȻҲ׹ʵǿױܷӳѾЩˡ
ٺЦȻԣǣһٸ㻻һѰ۷ʦлӦ߽״ʦ˶ռ䣬Сӥϸ߿գĻᶼûŶ
ԣԲɺա
˵ٶȿ걬һ״ʦϸ߽״ʦû˿ա
ڴʵ
ڹ棬ԿǱνŵҪеöֻ࣬ҪӦʱ䣬źһϵеĹΪ
ʵǰڵǻʱѰҹϣʵ̫˷ˣҲΪ֪ڳΪͻƵʦ֮ǰ԰źһϵе
Ц磬Ҹ׼Сչᡷ˵һ۷幦ۼֵͨĺ³˹Ǳ֮ϡ
³˹֮ϣʲôԶʱ
ǽӴ˺֣ȫͬˣΪѾ漰Ԫ£ѰܴȻ˵չļֵȺ³˹Ҫߣβó𾪣
磬Ӧ֪һʦսǿ±Ѱһ׵ʦҪǿ󣬵ʦȫʮİߣӦ֪Եɰɣʵ
΢΢Ĭ֪Ϊλʳ⣬ǻشʦԪ£ԵһռԪԪﵽһƽ⣬ӶԷ𣬰졣ԿԷĵʦǿߣĴʦҲ
˵ƺ뵽ʲôѿڵѵ׼ľչᣬһ׿ԷеĹ
ЦȷǷйһ۷徳磬ʵδͻƵʦٶҲԶԶѰĳ׵ʦ
˻
ԣԵ
ʦʱٶȾͿԶ׵ʦǺεȵ
չҲһͿԷеģž磬ٶȿӰѷ֡Сɾ磬㱳󽫻һ㵭Ĥ㾪һƳ˲ɹǧ׷Բֻɾ磬ĤŲſԻΪʵʣΪ賤գҲ޷־ã̫Ԫ۷徳磬ɳ־ȥ־ʱȳ׵ʦǿ߻Ҫ࣬ٶȸԶ׵ʦ
ϸؽžչᣬչѶ̫ˣرĤҪ̫ѣǿԻһ߷޵ĳټǾȫˡֻͨķòٶһͺ˺ѿ谭󣬵ʱ˵˶Σʵǿķޣֲ˵ɱܲɱġ
޵һ취õġԵ˵ͷǿԵõͿʦǰ裬ҲҪ취õһԷ޵ҵλܵ͡
ͷţҲż㻹Сɾ˵
䣬ӴϢ˳Եľ磬Ǻ;չĹ
ǽչɾ磬ҵõ޵ʱǳ׵ʦκβҡܵ׹£Ź⡣
رǾչᣬһ׹֮óڿնĳ嶯
磬ʵ˵ʦǿߺ˷๦߿ԷУߣҲǿԷеġ
Ŷ߿ԷУ֣Բ
Уǿɲһƿصģдʦļܡ
񻺻ڣ̽׾Ʒ۷ľʦԼʦʦ
ʦʦüͷ΢΢һ壬Ǻ
ͷŽ۷ʦȻδԪ£侫գԪѰľŽ۷ʦȻ޷УԾƿشﵽ񾳵ľʦȴþգʱķСʦ֮ԿԷУΪʩչΪһͨߣҲԳʱذأٶ֮죬¾ǴɾľչᣬҲÿԱⰡ
ʦзУʦСϵߣǲ̫С˰а˵
һֱʵΪδؽ˼ĳһ棬ԲǾʦʦԶر˽⣬һ˵һСκһѧʡ
磬Ƭռ䣬ƺǰĺˮôطˣӦһͻȻ˵
΢΢һЦԼռ䣬ҴǾñ齲
ǻñ磬ѵ׼ںˮñͻȻ˵ĳ嶯
ˮǰˮ۵ĹȻˮû֪Ĵڣ½ϸ۷ڣ֪ġ
ںˮۺͺˮ˽⣬ϸ
ںˮϢδ¾ݵĶǿߣеıɣ
ԲδʲôҡͷѾòˣҲռôǧҩҩ򲻵ġҸոڵһʱҺϻûŪۣҪ֪ۿʦõ󷨰ϻۺҲǿʩչˣʱ˵ҲǼ󰡣һЩҲмֵˡ
ųһȥΪϲĻֺɸϸεҡҡͷˮһľǿߣ˵ԣϻö˵ǾͲὫĿЩǧҩˡ
ҡҡͷ磬֪ˮУıﻹԶԶûгأǼıۺЩǧҩȫһ
һ
ԵƤ̲ס࣬ðž޴ղŵõۺǧҩڷȻһ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˵⻰ĲǷ񣬳һ˦ȥ
磬ҲţڶУһıأⱦļֵԱ˻õҩҪصöࡣòţҰҪԼʹáھ͹ȥŪְɡ
˵ţһŵķ꣬ݸ˳ԡ
˻õҩҪصöࣿ
ǷڳеλͬѰҷֶҲóԼΪһ̳Ȼ־ò׵ĸо


365 ˭ժҩ
ȻѾѻ˵ˣȻܹӵ
٣Ҫǰȥ
ⱦжأȻԷаǾ;Ū֣ʹá
磬Ǹط㻹Լһ˹ȥɣʱ˵ҪҳЩ˹ȥ̫áڳԸҪԼһȥʱ
Եͷת֣ǾȼѰҩмҪȥһ
ֵܣ㲻ǼѰҩɭеҩкܶء
ǰֵܣʲô±ռҩҪЩɶǧҩ
ʮǿڵ
Цҡҡͷ¶˵ȷǱѰҩҪЩλȼѰҩɣӵΧŴǧϵҩΧΣգǴɷռҩҴᴦ飬ᵽǡ
˵꣬ԲǻػһѾǳŷָķȥ
ԲǧڣԳ˷һЩޣûзб￿ЩҲ֪ô£ֻԶԶظǣƵģǷ
ҲΪԷûκһιŷ뿪
ڸոգѾۼط˼ֻǶ
ǶȻľޣǺ߽Ƕ֮ϵʲôǶһʱ䴫߽Ƕ䡣
߽ǶȻշռеϢֳһ˿ʶעǿԵġ
ųȥıӰ˶Цҡͷǲδȥ룬ǼʼΧѰҩ
Բ֪ǣָķȥʱЩڰмලǵޣ޲䣬æȥ
ǰķ˶Ѩ֮
ģҾ˵Щҩ϶˲ժˣԭôǶһֱǸڱ˵ƨɺܡʱ䣬һԶɣȻռ˲ʮǧҩ
ĸˣȻҺǬԪеһŸɣǱҷˣһҪеǧҩȫ³
쵰ʯĻֱǻòͷˣһҪ㾾
ǬԪȺ⼸ռҩ쳣رΪռҩ٣ΪǷط϶ǧҩȥһȻֻʣһЩõĸ
һˣ
һΣҲˣʱÿһζͬʵ޿̡
رʯʱѾɱӿ޲ǸҺǧҩˣʬΡ
飡ھۼпǵҪ˭һǧҩ
⼸ʱʯҲ۲ʮһǺԼ࣬ջ񲻴ǸĹǶͬһʱ俪ʼռǧҩûзɢʯЩһ
Ȼһǿ¾ǶĽˡ
ʯһһ׷Ӧ
£ǵǿٻ£ǵĶȫۼ
һЩûĴʦΪ˶žʯ˵ɣɱ֮ҲҲȥռҩŻ˹
ʦһΪĿյϡ
֣Щ˸ҾۼҲûʲôǧҩҿֻҪȷЩʦͶûУǲʮа˾Ϊ͵͵ռǧҩʯԣһʵٵӿڵ
ԨǱ۷ʦսʯ࣬ͬҲһһŵĴ
ԨǱʯҲΪͷ鲻ʮ˾ͿʼԼڿǣĸߴʦû֣ȳˮʱһҪ
ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ƬɭֵĹ㷺ҪɭнǸҵǲܵ£ֻǵȳˮʱܶˡ
£ʮ˿ʼԼڿǵʹʦЩ˻ûг֡
ʮӹȥһʯϡ
ʯϵЩ䣬д˿˿ɱ
û뵽ȻôߺͶûǰߡԺܹӵ𣿵ȳ˺ˮ˵Щǧҩ뱣סʯɫص
֣ոڼЩʱҷһǣȻֻһһǰһûСԨǱһԿڵ
ʯüͷһ壬һֻһһǰĸǣ
˵һʵ΢Щһֻһ϶в٣ֻһһһûֵĻʵЩͬѰ˼
ӿ
ԨǱڵӿʵǬԪԼǰģǵĶţ˵ʦǿ߶źüλһҲֱڡڡڣʱۼģֻһˡ˵ǰڵһʱ˿ӿһˣһвٵĶʮˡ
һҲв٣ھȻֻʣһǺǡ֣ô
ʯһĨ̵ɫ
ԨǱһЦӿֻʣһɣϲĻǰ棬ǧҩռ˵ˣӿ⼸
ʯ˵ͷĿԶΣصΣӿǴ󰡣ȻҺǬԪеһŸɣǸǽ͵ôĻ㲻øǽͣȸһɣµô
ҲǱԭί֪ˣʱԳѾǺ޵˼㣬ʱʯһвĻЦһ»Ҫ㽻ѵΪڶǳģҲ֪ôҲȥйߵĻÿʯܲܳܵӥܲܳܵ𡣡
ˣвң
ʯĿѣŭΣúýѵһΣû뵽ԼԷˡ
ЦһͷΪҪвӥô
ԣʯ·һˮͷ£һ䡣
ŷӦԷڵĵӣҾ˵һϵ״ӣľڡ
ڱȻֻһ˭֪;Ǳǰ򵥣˵ʯǲӥûкʵɣҲҶô
Ϣŭֻһʱ嶯ð˼ֻЩǧҩ˸ǰռߣʵ߰ǹĲ֣ЩռǧҩˡȻڿժǧҩ˲ӿߡ
ԨǱæԲӿһԲھԲܵ
ǿµĹϵӿĶҪɵ֣ɸ߲֪ǵڣĲǡ


366 ʮ
αֵǿƣڶ˳Ҳֻˡ
ЩǧҩǾ͵Լûֹ
ҲһڳԺ˾ȻкͿʼռǧҩＫΪԹ벻ûк˼
ңƺγһ壬壬Ѿκڸųˡ
ȻǲʣǾݹҲˡ
۾΢΢һУԶʯΣЩǧҩȻڲժģǲںڲժˣҾͲ֪ˡȻûг㲻ǲժߵģҲѲ˸ϵ
ţ
⻰ʯԨǱɶһۣεĻУǶ˼Ϣ
һκڲǺܺ
ƺǵֶԸںڡ
֣Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣʮа˾žǲժģʱһǽеǧҩ³ûֵⷬѣǿ»뵽ȻǡȻǧҩǱȻȽķ֮һǧҩΪ꣬л֡
ʯԨǱ˲˹ʶ
һϾǺǵģںһʱǳ׿ںڣһڣҲԽһ
ڽķ֮һǧҩ͸ΣҲ£ڣڴùϵ
ã
û˿ܾ˼ȻѰһҪǿ󣬵Ҫǳҩǽ٣ǧҩ˵ջ
ɱ򽣣𣿺ǺǡΪû취ôǾ͵Ʒζɣ
ǹľԵУɳ˸һԾ֮䣬ʹʮôǰǰ
磬ûиӦǰŲٵء
꣬ȻǳԺͷ
üͷ΢壬޵ϢûиӦҾطƺϢƺζǰ洫
ζͶˡ磬֪ˮֺöҰǳǰһΪǬԪƧȱû뵽Źôʱ䣬ȻͱҸҵˡٺЦ
ʵʲôܴ󣿡
ڰֵȻܿˣֱ֪İ϶Ҳ᲻ƴ۵ؽõǽ۸ϧ
εҡҡͷûȥʡ
Ӻ󣬳ǲǰԼĪʮ⣬Ϣ
ϢȻǿ⴫ĿһεѹȴóԴƸС
ԺͷȻûͣΣ񻹼ӿһ˿ٶȡ
ޣȫޡ
ûã֪ǹϢ˭ġ
ǰһͷͷޣľַΧڡ
һͷһͷһͷ
ǵصޣͬȳ㣬Ϸɵġġˮεġصġʯͷľġ
һȥЩ޼ͷٳʮͷ
Ϣ磬ԶžԴﵽ޵ĲΣ޾ѹȸС
ڳǴ֪Щ޵ʵǿ󣬾󲿷ֶֻƷʵĻԿ»ᱻų
ʮͷޣǾ൱ʮʦǿߣ¾½ҪʱۼôʦҲɡ
񡭡
֪Щ޵ΪֻƷΣȻľ
ǳʮͷƷް˵һССĽڴʦ¾ĽڵʦҪжԶܶԶɣ
ֻһԪγռʦǿߣԳʮͷƷޣſȻ壬֮⡣
赣ģЩ޲˺ǵģǱ꣬Ҫܴ뿪ءȥĻǲṥ㣬˵㻶ӭ֮ءһЦ
ĻԲɵ÷˸ۡ
ʵޣﵽƷˣǿޣʵԲԼ
ʵ뿪Լδ뿪ˮ
Ȼһͻ˼ǣ뿪ˮ𣿡
Ц磬ΣǲģҶԺˮϤ̶ˮһ͵ڶ㲢̫Σգҵڶ㻹Ǹֱڵ㣬ǾһվڵĲ㣬ҾͲö֪ˡԿ϶ǣڵĲ͵棬ȻŸΣ
Σô
Ŀ΢΢תΪһɼ֮ɫ֮·УΣʱʱ̴̿ţ˷ˮ֮У־һΣҽҵĥʯֺη
ȻѾû·Գǰߡ
Ҳȥ뿪ˮĿֱǰųһӿٶȳȥ
λӦߴط˰ɣ
Ժͷ񼴽ҪʱһӰȻӸ߿з£ǰ棬ˮѾΪǣһǲժɭеҩѾ御Ƭ಻ÿݹ顣
ףҿϢһ˿ԶϢΪƷޣû´ĻӦǺˮ۵ĳɣû뵽ʱȥȻ˾޴ı仯ʱ䣬Ȼܹùǲ
ĿǰķɨۣͻȻЦ˵
֮ǰɽжޣһ۾ͿԼһˮ۶˵˳ʱ䣬̲סϸ
ǳڸʹʱѾǿˡ
ܹóĵϸͺһһ̶׵ĺˮͿ͸
Խ¿Խ󣬸ͲӦһͨϳְ
ɻǣ˿͸ˣԴһʱȻֳһֲ¶ۼ֮´ʱͷʱҲûгԱߵˡ
ˣʲô
ǰѸٲժҩʱѾע⵽ʱԾȻһ͸˶ֵ𾴣÷ΪˣͬʱҲʼ²⳽Ե
㲻˵㿴һǽó㣬ΪҿԴ뿪ˮ
ʱ򣬳ͻȻƳ˲Զһۣ˵
뿪ˮ˵Ŀ滰Դ뿪ˮ
ڳ֮ʣһӰˡ
㲻һĽڴʦǬԪǲ½ʲôҪ뿪ˮĿɲʣۺʵƾʲô˵뿪ˮ
ɸߵ΢΢𽥱䰫ֱ׺󣬷ͣ¡֪õʲôֶΣα䰫˵òȻ˷츲ذı仯תΣϢȫ


367 ݼ߸
ֶΣѰӵУֻпֲޣſԶʱﻯΣ˵ֶα޻Ҫ߳ɾͻΣϢȶƿάֺܳʱ䣬ϻûһ˿һϢ
ԻΪεˣ
Կɫһоȣûʲôƾ̣Ҹҳϵ㡢Ĳ㡢㴳һҲұ֤ܹһԴ뿪ˮҿԱ֤ǣֻҪһ뿪˺ˮȻԸһͬ뿪ˮ
Ǻǡ
⻰˶ʱЦֻǣЦУȴһ˿ɬΣûгŪ˼
ЦգҡͷȻ֪ˮе㣬ӦҲ֪ǾһʮȻ㵨һȰòҪ㣬һȴඥǿߵĵΪȴඥǿߣǻһߵĻᣬǽ㣬ǾһĻᶼûˡ
һᶼûУðڴˣûκΣգΣյû˰ɣΪһߣҼ˿ɱ¸Ҷˣ֪ʮҲǰû˿֮⡣ǣһʱ䣬ںòһ߻ᣬǾȻƴһѣΪˮԱһôҿˮռ䲨ңƺѾֲ˶˰ɣ
̤ĿضˣϬƺǰʮ޷С
ȻǰСУʲô
Ƿǰɵ񣬵˿̼񲻽˷СУҲ̲ס
Դˣ˾ȻûֱֹֻŷＫΪɻ󣬲׷ĵҺš
ﳬʮޣҲ㳬ѰĵʦǿǰҲҪɵ֡
ڷУ˿˿Ŀ־壬񷴶絶ֲڵĸоͷ·Լĳǿ߸ˣѾڶԷƿصС
ң˾ͺһŰ㣬ƾʩչֶΣʲô
ٿһԵĳԣƺΪ˵ˣûз˲ֱӣͬˮƽûа㲨
ֻǣƽоʮޣݵҪľ
飬Ҫǿνʵ档ţһԿžУҲôӷѧ㾭飬ô˵ҲǸϹ
֪ʱԵ뷨֪ƽı飬᲻ˡ
ʲôҵȷһ˵㣬ǰ˺ˮۣ֮ҲҪ
֮䣬ѾɢһϢϢûЯʲô˲ϯ˷ƺƵɢеȫڡ
һͥ޵꣬ȻûɱڷĿ£֮ȴ޲һʱȥ
׵˺ͷһǷزɢһŨҵϡ
ָоͷ·һȺͻȻ飬Ĥݡ
⡭ҲУ
һĻԶʱŴͣͣز۾һĻġ
ȫȫؾ񼣽ٰ
ʱԳգ۾ͬʱ磬Щ޾ǰǰģҲһ˿ԶѪȻǲԶޡΪԶѪԶǲŻžη֮ģҾͺۡһ㡣
ԭ
ŻȻɢһ֮κһͷ޶Ĥݣ½ϾͿһ޵۹Ϊ½Ϊ
󣬿³˺ˮ󣬾Ͳٳˡ
ͨԷ񣬿ɲ˿飬Ļͬ˵Щһۡ
Ҳ֪µҵˣ½ֹֻһλʦǱҵˡңǷӡ飬񡣡
Ŀǰڶޣڣ˵ԣ޵Ŀϣ⣬ҷˡ
ݼ߸ˣ
˵꣬е޵һʱ俪ڡ
߸
ԶͷϺ߹ᰡ
ˣҲ߸ǰ³ԣֻһߣıȵ߸ǰæһЦȻҲܳ½Ψһһʦ߸ͻð档
߸ǰ
˵һɻǵ֪У˾߸
˵ǵˣǾʶΪʦ߸ҵʱǺܿ췴Ӧ߸ڣҪ뿪ˮûκ⡣
ȴû뵽վǰģȻ߸һԵˡ
߸ҵǰˣҵˣҲСҵˣʲô˶ܹΪҷ˵ġ񿴵ǵı飬һ˵
ɲ뿴Եͣˮ֣ǿΪҵܷ뿪ˮ
ܣȻܣ
ͷȻԲ߸ǵʦǿߣȻԳΪˣȻŹ֮
ӡˣûеʦʦǵǿ߽ˮˣΪҲ֪һӡϢй¶ȥˣǳԵѱȺޣҲᱻɱڡ
ҲµûĻӦһֽħĶɣⶫǰҪҾһЩǽΣ񵭵ͷʵ
ԿԸܵʱķƽȴЩƺħž޴塣
ǰĺˮȻȱٹǰˮƺеĹߣҩɳȴ޹Ĵġ
Ļʱһһ÷Ķһ£ƺǳǻܾ
ڣһбӿֳŨŨĸм֮ɫҪ򿪽ͨȾҪħ飬Դ֪ҪȴȡֻһҪħ˵ҵȸм۳Դкβǲµɽ𺣣ҵҲɡǳԴ˲Ļ뿪ˮҵԸⰰǰ󣬳䵱Դ˵ǰ䡣
һų˵ģ˵лǳģǷˡ
˵˼ԣǸԸ䵱ԵĳȻϲȻ˵һ䣬ǱΪǷˣҾͻжĺôҸǣڶ࣬б˵ʦʦǱڵˣʱܶҳ֡Ӧ֪ӡϢһ©½۷ǿ߶ҽ׷ɱʱ򽫻գϦʱ֮ѵĸҹ쵣µ
˵֮䣬Ŀ˵۾뿴֮ԸǲΪӡҪչκô


368 շʮ
˲δֳעԼԻ䣬ȻԴ֪ǰˮ⵽ħϮ˺ͺˮи˴ֻʣһȺҰȻʱûʶǿǶڰħĺ⣬Ѿĵסǰħû˼԰޷ƵںˮСԴ˼ȻǷӡˣɱħΪΣѡ泽ԴˣϣһͬɱħΪ˱ֻϣܹϢ
ɱħô
һĬƬ̣ͻȻʵһһݣǾʦ֪ǿԸΪҵľޣ
ݼˣ
ԵĻ˵ȥ𾴵غ
ݼˣ
ʮޣ׷׹ڵأųԹغ
Ҷɡ
ǰ˺ͷҲվûôʱ䣬ֻ꣬޵꣬Ƚʱ䣬һһпưɡǱֿھͿǵꡣ
ˣ˷⣬ҵĵ֣ҲԿꡣָŲԶ˵ָȥޱӹվڳǰгڴ³ԲӦǵ꣬ǳΪԵľޡ
УܹΪԵľޣȫһ־޴ҫ
ã
Կһۣûзԣ޲ûʲô
˵䣬һƾѾ͸˵꣬Ȼ˿ܿͱԿ꣬Ϊ˳Եľޡ
ţҵľȻһ㶼ûǿ˵󣬳ԷԼľ˿ûжɻ
ƺµһ㣬ڵ磬ǵͨ޲ͬȻγɣ̷ҩ۵ģԾṲ㡣
ԭ
ԻȻûʧһʼ׼
ҲֻпƾԼߵޣǿпڼ䣬־ļʲŻȽϴ
һ˿ûоʲô
ô˵Ѿ޶ϣЩڵʵǺǿǱȴʮ־޴
㲻̸Ժ󣬳Ҳһʮ޴ǷŵӿѾѰĶŴΪݡ
󣬳ֿ˷ޡ
磬ȥħ
Կ˺ͷޣڿ˵
ȥ
ԵͷһħķȥܹܵڲԶһϢɢϢڸܵ˷֮󣬶ڵķ֮ƺһĪٻٻǸϹȥ
˵һȺ޽
ᣬһ߹ʮɣռƽ׵ľ޴ѨڳԵǰ
ԵƳһ۶ѨƿĿ⣬ĿһԵʯϡ
ʯͨڣ߹ɡ
һȥԸоԼԺƺݺһͷĿѣĸо
ħô
ǰĸߴʯòײѹе𺳣ʯȻӰ쵽˵񣬾Ƿ
۷񣬿ȥƺһ㶼ûܵħӰ죬һϲڴȥվħǰš
ȥѯʵħʲôȻӰ쵽˵񡣡
Ц磬ħԶʱŽ˱ǰһλȻοЩѰг˱ֵȲħκ߻ħķգҿȹ񣬶ھ޾ľʦ˵֮õĴ
ʲô
ԿǼǵúõħԲΪħЧ
Ȼ˳ԵĻ󣬷ǽ͵ħãȻǸĻҲ뱦ǰһλãħ
ħһ
ǰħ
˵ǰһκˮĿľˮ۽ħԸħħУѹ˲ٵİħħҲħӣ㣬ƾǰħ幥ˮʱɵġ
㣿ѵǰ𣿡ɻʵ
Цһǰħ߹ɣâҫ졣ֻҪâֵĵطħΣһЩʵЩİħΪħĹֻ԰ħ壬Ĺܣٿ뱦ǰʮǰһ١
âħΣ
оκˣǺεȵؿ¡
еıûһǷƷ
ԣ
ͷħôҽɰħٸǰǰ㣬˯֮ǰħֻ̽ƷħֻҪһӡħܵش˶ԸħһߣκһױҪء
˻
о𣬷̽Ʒħ칦򰡣ʱ䣬̳һӣȫָ
ѹַ˵ħżİˣѹַ˵ħõҩۼҪصöˡ
ⲻǹصö࣬ѹͲᲢۡ
磬ħƺܵشѾȫ˳˯޷ȡϵҪĻ¶ʱ޷ˡƬ̺󣬷üͷ΢˵
˯𣿡
Եͷÿһױ飬ʶħشûбնѾǽˣ˯ȻԱ⡣
ʱڲȱˣƺ÷Բһأ޿صһʱͨҡ
Ե
֪ħɰħֻҪƬ̹򣬳ѾΣҪȫؽħɵ
˭ŵ
ǣ
æȥִС
ҿʼɵˣҽɵ󣬵ͨڱǻ֣ʱмҪСЩ׼
뿪ųԴ˸кһһĨ׹ûħС
ͨĽǶжѾˣоߺ߽ǶӦҲˡ
Բ鿴һ·ռеĶ޶һһͣ±չأشڷռ䣬ڴ
֣ЩͨĽǶ䡢оߣһչغɢϢ޲˺üΣģͻƵһƷռҲûκһͷµޡ
ǶʵѷһֻǶǧֻƷ£ǧֻﵽƷϣдﵽƷģѾӸտʼĲֻﵽֻ
߽Ƕ仹ڱչأƷޡ
𾪵ǣǶڷռһÿܹĶ̣ѾӸտʼһڼš


369 С
ʵԽǿǰǧٶֻտʼշʱǵʵձƷϣ񾭹չأеʵͻƵƷϣƷϵģߴǧ
ֻߵڱչأƷޡ
һһط޷ٽƶֻܽռ䣬ǵһ׶ˣԴ취
սǿоߣȻֻ࣬һ٣ǣΪǲսǿ츳ߡ
һչغео߶ͻƵƷĲΣоڱչسƷޡ
о߶ǿԽսĿֲڣȻƷ߽״ʦµ࣬ûдǵĿܡ
һܽᣬԵ֪ԼϵޣﵽƷϵģֻǶ䣬ǧֻһֻоߡ
Ȼ࣬ǱޣҳԿǻʮֻޡ
Щ޵ǱԻö֪Էǳǡ
Ǵ󲿷֣ɶǻϹѰ
ХħߡѪɹ֡Сӥʨǽչغ󣬻޷ﵽƷޣ϶ҲȥԶ߽ǶоߣͻƵƷȵġֻ
Զδڴ
ʵڲǿԼҲи˰
Цһϥ£Ƭ̺󣬳Կʼתǡ
ڵʵ״ʦʩչն۷ʦᱻնɱ
նʩչ󣬳Ծͻһʱ׶Σ׶̫󣬲򲻵Ѳʩչֻܵʹá
ڲʩչն£ԾҪӱķˡ
ΪҲ²û㹻ʱ䣬ΪܹһЩҲ󣬶ڲʩչն£濹۷ʦ
ˣΪԸϣԼĹֶΡ
һȨ⣬Ծǡ
̷Ѿǿһ̶ȣױѾ޷棬ݹѾѰ۷ʦ
۷ʦʩչʵԪǧĹƿֻдﵽǧƿҪʩչԪܽնɱǲʩչԪҸ޷۷ʦ⡣ºˮе۷ʦһƬҲÿζʩչԪӲʩչնͨϣֻܴ巽ֲУҵڿԷǧĹԪǧǿһɷǧĹʱ۷ʦҲɵ濹⡣
Գһʼתǡ
ȻҲ幦ױ岻ͬǰڵҪ߻ֻҪڵĻԪʹЭȡ
Ҫž磬ͱҪﵽ㡣
ȣһһ֮ƽ⣬ʹڵĻԪай
Σ֮䣬ԪѣͬãƱؽ˺ɷ顣㿴Ƽ򵥣Ҫ¡
ҪʱؽԪҲ˿¶һ˶֣ȫ¶·ȼ˻棬Ԫȡ֮֮ߣֱճɻҽ
ܹ㶼ҽһôСɾ磬ʵʻ棬ͭףǹ룬ҲȥԶˡ

ϥأɣһһ֮伫Ϊɣرƽ⡭
ͬʱڷ·һ棬ȼն
ȵϢɢ
ѰߣƽⲢѣתԪʱƽ⣬ѶȿɾͲֹһˡ
ڳԶڻԪѾΪϤǣδ̫ܵѶȡ
˲ʱĹԱ˵һ㣬ƽ⡢Ԫһ˯ľޣڣʱܱ͵Ĺ

󣬳ͣ㣬ǡһǼɣվػȭȭӳٶȲ첻ٶȴǱֵطǳƽȡ
ȭ֮ʱȻûԪϢûʲôͬСӻӳȥһȭڣ·˯ŵľޣƺʱʱʱɢһļµĿֲϢˮӣżᱻɾ
ÿԸܵˮӱʱͣΪ֪ˣ˼Ƭ̺󣬳Լȭ
һʱȥԶ֪Լ׻˶ȭˡ
ȭڼ䣬·˯ľޣѾûʲôͲʲôް㡣
ֻ񳽻һȭӳûɢȴһ־Ķǵĸоռ䴦ϸ΢ֻ֣ҪԱͿ˲佫ռ˺ѡ
䣡
Ȼ֮䣬͵ػӳһȭһŻɫĹâȭͷбŷͬһֻѵĺޣųǰ
һĻԵһ˿ϲɫ
֪ԼŲΣֻʣһˡ
ֻҪԪ˿¶ұǵңﵽŲˡ
Ŀ⾼
ﵹû̫˷ܣΪǳʣСɾ磬ֻʱϵ⡣
ȴﵽСɾҪͻ൱ˣԲڶʱﵽ
ڻԪѾǳĳԣܿͽһ׶εС
һعôһԪ̫Ѷȡ
ȻԽԪʱһɾҵʹü˲
ڵĻԪ𡢻ɵģˣʱԪʱʹ̶ȱҪҵöࡣ
ʹ࣬ͺûȼ塣
ʱûʲôʱһʹʮֵؾҡһãᱻٻ١ɣӶ߻ħˡ
رͨߣּ޵ʹʱһУԣ߻ħ
Ψһİ취ֻܷٶʹֻԲĻΪ
ⲻǸտʼ
ȻԳ˸տʼΪӦһü鷴ƽ
ĥ³÷Կຮ
ʹͬʱϵתŻԪǿ
տʼʱ򣬻ԪûӾй¶˳·ٻ١
󣬻ԪȶƽȡͣɢŻâżɢϢԲΪǻԪһŹâ
һĻǸֳϲ֮⣬Ҫ˰
ȻּһĻԪȫȶγԿƣͬһĤڳԵƤϡ
ͬʱԪ뵤ȹӣȡ֮ߣ֮ǿ֣ͬ׵սУ˸Խг־սȻöԷ޵ĳ嶯


370 е
ǣʱ䣬Сˡ
۾۲ԶħʱħѾ֮һֻҪٹʮʱ䣬ᱻȫɡ
ʱû࿿ݽǶ䷢ϢڼռҩҳҲýǶˣԼڱչǲõġ
Ƕ˵ֻҪܹž磬ҪСɾ罫¡סʹ࣬ң̤ŲΣôҪﵽСɾ磬ĻԪʵʣؿ¶ȣҲֻʱˡ
Ա۾
һǹʮʱ䡣
ʮպ󣬳˫ȻһŻɫâŭ»𣬴
ŵϣһ㾧ӨĻɫףһ㣬һּ᲻ɴݵĸо
һ̣ɫУȻһɿֲ£һ
䣡
ͬʱȻһȭ
͡
жʱ͵֮ˣһĻֱһСӥ;ХħߵһȺĿɿڴŴ͡
ȭһľױڣҸѸɢȴﵽ̶ȡ
շ磬ơ
ǣСɣ
˵ٶȣҼ൱Уһ
оߺ߽Ƕһۣ̾
ʮʱ߽ǶѾ̳أ߽ǶоûóʧɹͻƵƷޡ
ֻչسƷ޵ҲֻɹͻˣһֻȻʧܣƷҲֻһ
ĸֻ˴С࣬ƺؾ֮ǰǼǵΪȻҲͻƵƷΣίʵǳ˳ԵԤϡ
ԱӵƷޡ
СӥƺΪӵԶӥѪԶţٶȱе޶ö࣬ϣΪѾƷȻƷоĿ⣬˼ɵ
αǾХħߣﵽƷսѰƷ޻Ҫǿ
Ѫɹ츳һ㣬ͣƷ۷壬ʨ磬ʨͻƵƷһ۷Σ⵹óЩΣԺлͰѪɹʵ
Ѫɹսǿȴ൱󣬶ԳԽķչǳ
ͷӥȫﵽƷǴﵽƷǺܶ࣬ǷޣҲص
߽Ƕоߵ֮Ի磬ǼںˮΪ˴еޣ뵽˷ռ䣬ҲʼչأԲ㽻߽Ƕоߵˡ
Ϊ˺ܶ࣬ҵûʲôȷħȫɣǾͽ㡣ȻǴʵΣգмסףСĽЦһ֣صš
ħѾʮ֮˾ţŲһ칤򣬾Ϳȫɵ
֣أе޶Сӥ磬·ѾæһԷ׻ɹ뿪ˮġ
Ե˵ͷûȥ롣
˵ܵʲôΣҪԴһΣգͼڷϡ
ʱһԵ߽Ƕ΢΢һ䣬ˣеⷢ
ʲô⣿üͷ΢壬ϾҪħϣͷš
߽Ƕոյ´Ϣ߽ЩѸΧˡգ˵䣬Ȼûи߶ԷʱԷƺҪɱ֡
ҵ֣
ĿɱʲôԭЩ߶֣Ͳԭ£ԭܼ򵥣ѡ
С࣬տ׼κ˴ŵͼŷɱ⡣
һ֣еȫ˳Χŷ񣬷Բʮڣ˿Իһʱļ֦֮¡
رǿŷ׶ߵɢȻĿϢ
С࣬һǻһɫâߴ뵽ǵڡ
һ˿ʱ޷ʰСҲԸһ
߰׵󣬳Žоߵȫ뵽˷ռ䣬ԼǳСӥıϣ
ʮֻҪǽеҩȫҰǸ򽣵˵ϢǣǿԼ̣Ϊǡ
һСУӿߵǰվһȺЦߣΪ֮ˣʯ
˵ܣǱʦΧ˸ˮйͨ
ѷɣ
ʯѾȷظˣҩҿԸֵܵϢǵȷ֪ڰǰѾǷֿˡĻԴ£ҡ
һ˵
Ϊ˱֤˵ǶһѣҲὫҩ
ʯΪǳҩ˵һȺˣҲѱ
ʮڶӿһŭվԱߣȻ뽫ҩʵЩҩΪǲܹõ¶ԷҪ˵Ե䣬ҪԸԣȻǲ
ߡʶôΪǿԱסǸʶĿݹҲ档ʯһ˵
µıµʯҵӿߣҸոʱͿڲժҩջΪḻͿȷǰժҩľˡ
ǧҩʯڱصá
ڳԣҲǴοвŵ֪ģ֪ԺžԹľŪ˽»̸ˣҲҪԸϳԵȣȻ󽻸á
֪ûκαʵĽڴʦʯشӦ
벻ȴǣƺڳԣֵҩҪأԸҩ¶ԵϢ
Ҳ˷ѿ࣬ҪҩǲժҩԷһǡֵģ˵ǲ֪֪ҲܸġҵĻЩҲôߣȻӿߣɲǳصġ
𵭵˵
ֻ˵ڼ䣬ĿƳһվȺеκľŪµڵĵӣѾƻŵȳ˺ˮͽ¸߿ϣתš
ʵ׳ƺԽԽˣӿҫ
֣ϻˣȻôӲǾȿӹǲǸһӲ
ͻȻʯ߳꣬òа˷ƣȻһ˫̥
ҶϢǿÿһʯ٣Ȼ۷ʦ
ϣʯΪɵ


371 Щ
ãںڵȷЩĿˣͶλæѵһˡʯ˵ͷû˼
˵ߣӿ۷ʦȦﶼȽϴֵܶҲߣҵҪӲǵֵܶ˵ȭͷӲ
׿ợһϳ幦졷Ѿ۷徳磬֣Ѱ۷ʦһж߲ʯȶ۷ʦҪȫԸС

ŭһֱ
ԶʲôӢۺúʮǡ
ʮһҪȥӦһȴʮ㿴ôңչ˴ҵİΣ˽Ը
ǡ
ûʲôǣû취ˣֻ֪ӿô۸ģϣ֪ѶˣҪôߡ
һ˵꣬ǴһӭȥɢһɿֲϢأռɽ

Ȼ湥Ҷ˸û˿֮⣬һһҷֱһȭ
ŵš
ֻȭͷֱҶ˶Ժһ𣬿񱩵ϯΧΪߣ޲Ƿ׷׺ˡ
УȻҲ
ֵܶˣεĶϢԽǿ硣
𣬿콫򽣽ضҪ߳ˮ
׿Цһٶȳǰȥ̽
˫ٶȿʼһֵĽ棬ʵǿ˫ȭѵ֣ȻȫԸҲϺüطѪۣǱ
ꡭ
ȻҶȫһ̧۵ֵµĳɫһף΢΢һͬ߷ˣ˫ڵϲһʮ׳ĺۼ
ԭҲˣһΪжҲֵܶ˵°ܽˡ׿ƿЦһԵòһȥݡ
һӮ˺˲һһûһĶ֡
ǧʵǿȥվŭ˵
Ӵӿûõģû뵽Ů˵ǳúɫ
׿Ŀ⿴ǧģ
Ķ
ǧæǰǧģ嶯ϴ鷳
㣬Ҳ̫ˣԵǸĶ֡ǧŭͣǧ°жʹҲû
ֵܶ˿ûֵϰߡոһڿֵܶ˭С˳֣û뵽㻹һ㣿ɫҲ˶٣µʡΪˡ
׿ЦԵҲͷǧµ´
ˡ
ʮսҰ˶ʱŭŸճڣ۷ʦͬһǵ㣬Ӷǵǰ
㡭
ǧɫѿ˵ǧҲʶ˲ãɫ԰ס
λ˲Ҫ£ֵֻܶúϧһˬˬ졣
׿ƴЦǧģ̸ǼͣѾǧȥ
ʯµؿһĻǲɭвûʲôΣգۼʦ۷ʦҲһ㶼ⷢ
վںľŪµˣһЦ
Ҹƴˣ
ۼǧҪħצ֮У̲ȥȥ


նվǰһ۷ʦһ߳˶ʱͬϺװ˳ȥݺݵڵء
ӴӢ۾֪ļһﰡүүھ͵棬ú۰˶˵үүһŶ
׿Ƴ۶ǧȥ
ǧĺǧ¶˵Ѿû˿ѪɫرǧģиŨŨľӿ֡
־֣Ǵ̼׿ƣаʢһˣȲҪǧѹڵء
Ҳ㣡
ۿŶԷҪѹԼϣǧж־̧֣ҪԼȥ
ϡ
ȻʱʴȻһӥ֮һ̣һɱͬףһëһ㡣
һëһ㡣
ͬףը˶С
ȥ˱ǷʴһӰӶ£ճһսȻ٣˸ɭ󣬽ֵܶˡ
Ǹ򽣣ңǺǡ
ֵܶųԣŭЦԴͻƵ۷ʦټǿıѾܾûٸô˵ˡ
죬Ҿ͵棬Ů˺úˬһѣҵôҡ
׿ƴЦţһֻͻǧġ
Աߵ̣ûٶǧ¶֣עųԡ
ȻɢϢֻĽڴʦΣԸոɢϢǶΪľò
򽣣ǰʵƺϧΪãĻضΪһԱͽοųԣ˸â
ľŪ£һɱˣǰӿʧԭ¡
ֵܣСġ
ԶƲѣóԲܻԹۣˡ
롭
֮ʣԵӰһֻӰӰ˲ϣǰסԵ̸Ҫǰһɹ̵ͻأӿ̲סһ͡
ôһ֮ͣ䣬Ե׵ƿ׿ǰ⡣
Ȼ㻹ҶҾ֪ʲô
䣬ϢȻһ䣬罣УٶӿһɿֲĻ֮˺һҽصðʯ
͡
ȵϢÿеˮӣ˲䱻ɾ
һѹ֮Уǧĵ׿һݣ˫ͫͬס
Σգ
׿Ʋӹ֮ǧҲΪóҷִ磬Ӷ׵նɱߡȻԿ׵ؿҲûҪȴȥˡ

׿Ʋ۷ʦеԸտϱɢһɿƣ˫ȭ绢Ʒ֮ɱ򳽻ԡ
̴ʱҲӦ˹һŭתӺɱ򳽻ԣ׿ֽмл
濴ȥƺ˲ΣյľأһСģͻ˵ļлУӶΣޱȣվ
˵ļл۷ʦгǿߣֵס

Ȼ׿ƸոտԣɫͻȻһ䣬ֻоһϮ翿ԼĲһˣǻҽ
͡
ҪǰͣһʵԪ˲ڶͬʵ׸ȫһĨЦȣ㲻һĽڴʦЩΣⷬΪҵķƲ


372 ߽״ʦ֮µһ
׿Ȼǽ˫ȭ񵲣Ҫסһ̵߼лԣʱϳԲҲӡ

һ̣Եȭͷ׿Ƶֱ֮ϡƮƮһȭȴʯһµĳ졣
ͣ
ɫĹ綾ӳ˲串׿ƵֱֻۣԵֲĸºһƣ׿ֱϵʵԪֱջ١
Сɾǣƿ۷ʦʵԪ

ʵԪƿ׿ƶʱҽһֱһƬѪģǱطˣϲһ󾪿֮ɫ
벻ĽڴʦȻܹƳķһɣûеֵ֮
ȻִݹҲ
ûƬͣٶȳͬʱ齣Ȼʡ

ȻʱͻȻ䣬Σ١
̸ϵ

ŭһͲתȥֱһ˺ӰϣֲһСɽ£Я˲佫̸߷ɡ
ǴﵽСɾ󣬲ɱǿƿ۷ʦķԵҲһʼǧ˳ǧѹκһ۷ʦ
ʲô
Զʯ˼һĻʱŴͣһţԵʵ֮ǰѾʶ۷ʦ
ֵһɶ۷ʦȻ£ԳԣȻǺ޻֮
һֱˣƲһǱһ߷ɣֵ
ʵȲ߽״ʦѾԶԶ۷ʦĲΰ
߽״ʦ֮µһˣ߽״ʦ֮£û˻Ķ֣̾һΪꡣ
һôôǿ
ʯüͷţû뵽ԵʵȻǿ˵ز
ã
Ȼʯɫһ䣬ΪѾٴɱ׿ˣʯһ󣬿ס֣
£ʯ񱩵ɢ
ʵ糽ԣҲȥԶ޽ӽ߽״ʦĲΡԼʵǿҲҪסԣԼϺڡ
ɱˣûס
ʯ춯ЦһٶȻȻǣעۻԪ齣ͨѪ̶ֱһƬۻҵĲӰ׿Ƴ־ע£Ȼʺ

һͷ­ʱ𣬰ɫɫҺɽ
ȫž
ˣǼ˶Ƶģڵ
ɱˣ׿ƾȻǸ򽣵˸ɱˣ⡭ôܣ
һնɱ׿ƣ򽣵ʵôôǿǲĽڴʦѵʵ
϶ʵˣĸĽڴʦһɱ۷ʦҶԷ֮ûС
ֹ򽣲ֹɱһ۷ʦһϼΪĬֵܡ򽣣߽״ʦ֮£ûĶ˰
ΧһȺ߼һɱ׿ƣȫ𾪵
˶ס֣㾹Ȼɱ
ʯŭһû뵽ԾȻĻ˵棬ɱ׿ƣֱǵг⣬һܲסһˣһֻͻɱ˳ԡ
򽣣Ҫ
Ŀѣ״类ɱѾȫʧȥǣӺѸٳ򳽻ԣκδ۵ҪɱԣԼɱ
һ£˶˵ļлУлһ޽ӽ߽״ʦʯ
ɱҸ籨㻹ȥɡ
һУλζ㿪ʯĹͬʱһתֱָ̡
ǰѸٷŴĽ⣬ͫ׶ʱ
Ϣȫ֣ó嶯ؼԡ
͡
Ȼûõģһ֮䣬齣ĽѾԲ˼ٶȣ̴ؿڣѪ
㻹ҳ֣
ɱҶֵܺ󣬳Եû˿Ŀ⵭Į˲Զʯ˵
㡭㾹Ȼֵܶɱˣ̫ˡ
ʯŭųԣԼѾˣԲ֣ĳɱ̣ŭɶ
ҷ
ԼЦһû㹻ʵµӦҰɣʱ֪᲻˵ֵܶ˷籾ǿƣӲҪ˵ҷҲ˵ʲôΪҾãȫ˷ѿˮڣѡ񣬵һ˸ҹԺ׼ɧӿߡڶҶ֡
˵棬϶ʱɱ¶
㡭̫
ʯŭһȫǲԼֵǣӿȫǷ򽣸ǵǵնɱֵܣ˵ܷŹ𣿡
ܣɱӿˣɱ򽣣ֵܱ𡣡
ԨǱæӦ
ɱ򽣣ֵܱ𡣡
ԨǱһԭȻԥڶߣ׷׽ͬʱԨǱĴ£Բǰӿߣ׷װΧڡ
ֵܣǸô죿
ʮ࣬üͷţ鵽أҲȫǵϣͬʱҲܰƽˡ
ô죿·ߣߣҲɱǵģ˭ɱҶλֵܣҲɱθҽ
ʯһȣһ֣ɱӿߡ
ɱ
ʯ£Χһ߶ʱͬȳ㣬˳Եˡ
һĻĿжʱӿֳ֮ɫʦǷ˵ǲ۷ʦΪǸ߽״ʦǿĵʦܻлĻᡣ
ݡ
ˡ
ȻӿһΪԼ֮ʣͷ֮ϣȻѸٷһȺĺӰӰճ֣ͼһ೤ļ̣̺ɳ˲佫ʯһȺ߰ڡ
ʲôôôҵʵԪƿ
жأҵӱľˡ
ǽǶ䣡ģôͻȻֽǶ䣬Żֵްôѵһ壿
϶һˣɶ񡭡
ͻȻֶʯ˷̹ģǽǶ䣬ǶһԼ̣ͬ׵еߣֵܵסǶĶ̡
ӵеĽǶ䣬ֻƷϵĶֻʯֵܵģ
û뵽һ徹Ȼɳ˽Ƕ䣬ЩǶ仹ôƷҾͿ˲һֵֻܵİӡֵܣŽǶ仹ûչǿ߰ɡ
һԾֵ˵Ƕʵ̫ˣǵĶȫ˲䴩͸ͬ׵ߣЩǶ䣬ֻи߽״ʦſԻ


373 ̸
ҡҡͷûлشĿⷴǿԶһ
𡭡
ûƬ̣һ޺𣬺ƺƵ˱Ǹоط·𵴡
Ȼһ壬Ƕֻǳ䵱ǰѣϾҪˡǰڵһʱЩޣϰͷﵽƷǿԶԸġ¡һҪʧˡ
ǰĽʦͫ΢΢
˵ǰѣٻͻһ㹻棬ͻɱ⡣
ʱ򰡣ʯǼʵ̫ǷˣһŪôĽǶԸǣԸЩǶΣ
ǧͷʮϵ޷ɳų֮һգӴ
Ϊ׵һͷһͷʮɣͨڣɢſµơ
ƣ¾߽״ʦϣҴâжԶܶԶ
ͷƷ۷ޣʵƷ۷޿ȡ
ԭܼ򵥣Ǳޡ
ޣ׵ԽսΨһЩı޲УѪɹ֮ࡣ
ޣԽ׶ԵУҲֹԽһҲ׾١
ͷϵΪƷ۷壬սԲκһͷƷޡߵĻ߽״ʦֻܻ֣а˽״ʦſ֮⡣
ʱһͷԺɨһе۷ʦǳʮ۷ʦϣ֡
һ˱⣬ųһͷƷޣǧͷƷƷޣһŽĴʦҲ϶ᱻɨûеֵ֮
һȻǿ󣬵һͻÿʯȻϵҩҾͺúýѵһЩࡣǵĻ޵Ĵģս뽫Щĵͳͳɱˡ
Ȼ˵źȴЦֹʯ˷
ڳԵӿߣûȥһۣ˵ԵѾǽ֮ˣûҪȥ໨˼
ݡ
˸ճ֣ʴĽǶѾǵĵ⣬æĶ̡
һ̣
һ壿֣
ʯתͷŲԶıһ˿΢΢
Ƕ䣬ȻƤֵǿǰ䶾ֱ̣ݺ
Цһ
ϰͷӴƷޣǰվһͺһ¸ߴĳǽ赲⡣

̼ЩƷϣȴͭǽϣһö졣
Ƕļ̣˺ƷޣǵķƲ
һЩӷ϶ȥļ̣ʵϣҲƿƿ˷˺Ҳ̫
޲ԶߣֿͬԶߣǶ䶾еĶػ˺ߣȴ޷˺ޡ
һȺСĽǶˣǺǣվ䣬Ҳ˺˿
ЦһȥϵĽǶ䣬Ϊ֪һֻǶĶֻܼһǰǶһ䣬ոֶԼ޼һ֣Ӧþ󲿷ֵĽǶڶû˶̣ٵĽǶĶ̡
ҾǶڻж̣Ҳ˺Ƿֺ
ʯѾʶһֻҪҺҲ԰ЩǶ䣬ˮУһԱƽ㿴Σ
ʯ˵һ߸ϵʯܾʯ϶Ͳú֡
ЩǶ䣬һģ
ʯûֱӻش𱩺Ļʳһ޹ص⡣
ʯΪλᳶǵͷ˵Ƕ䲢Ҵģû´ӿһӦһ˽Ƕеߣܹ֮ĽǶ䡣ⲻǹؼؼЩǶҸγɲ˿вʯʹػشɣ׸һ
ȻЩͷˡ
ô
ʯƳ۲Զĳԣһ˿֮ɫЦһ˵ʲôʱԽˣ̸ɡ
ţ
Ըոһֱڹ۲ʯڱճ־ʯʯûжô˷ܣ;Щ棬ʱʯȻ˵һɱ֮ĻشʵԶԶ˳Եϣɻѡ
ʯǺ޲ɱԼԼ϶ǧҩôڡƺѾû̫ԼˣǽĿϡ

ʯĻشȫ˱ϣΪʯԹԺȻķڷؽǧҩû뵽Էû˵ʲôȽˣ̸ⲻǳô
𡭡
ĺ棬һʯĻͫ׶ʱһƬ죬зŭɱĺУʱֻҪһ£Ǳ᲻һеسǰȥʯ˺Ƭ
ʯԾĹΪҲɱôߣȻͳͳɱ⣬ɱʮٸһû˵ġ
һ˫ϻ۾ضʯ
ɱٸбԣٶ࣬Ҳ޺ܡ
ʯ۾΢΢һУͬʱԱߵԨǱһս߽ͣɸΪսǴϵúãһǧͷҲ̵κκô
ʯҲ֪һ޵Ĳ࣬Ϊ֮ƣҲֻǽԵС
֣ͷİɡЩ޸ճʱҾʹˣޣѾһ¾ضȫԸκαЩҪɱ֣ҲǳǵƤ㣬ǵֶЩ
ԨǱ
ʯȻˡƷϵޣҳ壬ҾͿö˵ֵһֳ
ŭһӴκ¡¡ǰɱȥһɽƺ֮
ϰͷ߳ʮɵƷޣͬɢµơ
ǳ֮ƣԱΪףⷬȫٳ£۷ʦҪâӲƴ
ʯŷƵϰͷޣæ߽ڴҪԱΪ׵ϰͷƷޣС
ʯΪӦЩޣȻϵǧҩʱ£һôֵ޵ĳ᲻е㷸ɵ
ԿǰһĻüɻ֮ɫ
ֵܣ֪Ȼᾭף֣һض᲻ǰӣº塣о仰ı죬ֻ࣬ſԽгõĺǺһԿħѣ̾ƬɽһŽһģ½ǻдƬһа


374 
ʱߵԵ˵ϧ΢ᣬҲĻضȥʯ֣ͬԸЩޡ
ԭߺ޻ʷ
㳽Եǲ֪ôһ˵Ҳ׹Ϊʯ뱩Լϵǧҩˣ߶Ըվ
޲棬߱ҪֵֿӡѾǳΪһѵ˰ɡ
Կʯ˼飬жǲһ˿֮⡣
ţǸξȻ˵棡
ͻȻԿڵľŪµˣûźȥһ
ҡҡͷûȥڵˣ²ǹµʱ
һֳ̣һضʧءȻҲôǸʯô˵ҲһߣʱҲݲ
뵽Ѿӣǰȥ
ֵʲô
һǰߣɫһ䣬æǰסѻعǧĵˣҲһż߹ȥ
ֵܣЩ̫ˣһ˹ȥҲ۵ʯͷֵܵסǵġҿǻһԿŰɣ޲ܻնɱġ
𿴵óʱ֣Ϊ߾һ˽£ԸԼ֣ҲϣԶ֡
ϰͷƷ޶ʵ̫Σˣ˵ʮ
Ǻǡ֣İɣϰͷƷޣǷʲôˡ
ЦһԼ֣ΪԶκһ۷ʦɱһ۷ʦ뿴ԼƷʱֻΡ
Լǿ󹥻ڶϷͬ߶ҪǿöʱֻΡ
УΣҲȥЩ޽֡ǵʵ̫ǿˣһƷޣͿ۷ʦǿԸһƷޣǰƷ޿ϰͷһ⣬㱻ͷʮͷƷ޼лǡ
Ѿ˵ȥˣץųԵȴ
򽣴磬㲻֣ܳһи̣ôԽǧҲһ˵ϳ˵֮ɫ
ԿЦһлůӿҷĵĹģеظܵ
ǡ
ԼаնԸЩƷް
룬ԾȥԼ붯ˡ
֣ĶҼȻ˵Ҫ֣ǾͱʾҲűı죬һԶԸЩƷޡǻǿȥɣ޶Ҫˡ
ҡͷЦһ뵽ռ䵱Уٶȳʱǳǰ⡣
ţ
һĻУʱ𾪵ŴͣǶǳԴһʶ㲩ܿͷӦǿռ䱦һǿռ䱦ſռ䱦ɻԼ˲룬˵һҪıֶΰͼĿռ䱦ҲǺ׼û뵽ֵϾȻȱ
ѹ˵аձסˡ
ʮҲǾ˵
ǧĺͷսҰʶԵˣ϶һ֮ɫǿЦԣϵܻ治һضడ
λٵ˰ɣȹȥˣԼĵ㡣
Զ˴ЦһηӶ𣬳򱩺ޡ
ո˵ԶԸЩƷޣ֪ǲġųԵıӰûȥ˼
ʮҡҡͷȻſռ䱦ҪԸϰͷޣЩܰرͷ¾ǰ˽״ʦҲʰ˰ɣ
̫ǿˣεصͷ
֣㿴Ǹ򽣣Ҳȥˡ
ǰʯԱߵԨǱͻȻָһ˵
ʯָķȥǿһӰ㳬ǣǰ棬򱩺ޡ
򽣣ˣǿɶƷޣȥȫ
ʯһæ󺰡
ǰԳԲȡűɱֶΣ¼ǰȥȻǳѡ
ǰĳ󣬲ûͣ½ŲǻعͷЦЦԸٶǰȥ
򽣣鷳
ʯüͷţһҧ׼ɱȥܾܲһ
֣⡭
Χ߷׷ʯһزԸ
ʯȻǺ֮ìܣҶߣڶԿʱ֮ǰйʲôìܣҪǰӣŽһġ
ǣ
ԨǱصͷջĿ⣬ٶǰ

ֻǣǿǰΣʱڵһŴֹͣͣ
ΪߵеģǸ֪ߵغǰѰ򽣣Ҳڳɱϰͷޡһ𳤹ʮɣͨڵĿ³ߡ
ʲô⡭ʲôߣʮɣˮͰִϵϢԲκһͷƷޡ໹ʲôȥֵ
ʯǰͻȻֵϰͷߣ϶ʱӿֳŨŨľ֮ɫ
ϰͷͨƷޣЩ߻ԵֵһټϰͷӿֲľߣҪٵĽǱɱɾ
ʯߣһɬ
ϰͷߣ˼ûˡ
֡ЩߣƺǳģԨǱǰͻȻüͷ˵
ţǳģ
ʯ˻ŷӦæٶȿǰȻϰͷȻϢӿ£ǲûг߳ɱǳǰ޳ɱ˹ȥ̲סԼ۾ǰһĻ
֣㿴򽣡
ͻȻԨǱָǰһ򣬴
򽣣
ԨǱָķе߷׷˹ȥ
һ̣˴ľֹ
Ȼվھߵıϣͷ߱Դֹǳʮɡ⡭
ʱʯǾɵҲˣЩ߲һģǳŪġ
ȻǲţǰһĻĵȷȷ˵һС
𡭡
ǰͻȻϰͷߣɫʱޱ䣬ŭ
𡭡
Ҳ׷״Ȼ
ò˵һǳϸ쵼ߣһԴϰͷо֣߳ͲµȻһӲҪ
о֪ʵǷǳǿٶȡȣͬ׵пƶ⣬ϰͷоߣȫѹϰͷް
£Ҫǵֻϣȡʤ
вһܣԭܼ򵥣һƷ۷ڣǰ˽״ʦҺͶԷһս


375 µо
ϰͷƷޣҲΪ֪ĴڣоƳ£Ҳǰһƴ
ʮɳоߣ֪ʵô򽣾ȻϣֻǱշˡߡֱһ裬ҽͺúýѵһôޡ
ǰоߣͫɢŲмζٶȶоߡ
ԣǸƺе㲻˳ۣԳֺһôȻΪԼǱ޾жô˲ˡо߸ܵϵϢֲĸо̲סڶվͷϵĳ˵
ԿѸٿı˵ͷҲãͷͽˡһԸ󡣡
ȻҲ֪ԼĻԲǱĶ֣Ȼ˲罫Ը񽻸оߣԼһҲ˳˽һ߽޵ʵ
ৣ
ݣʱ׿⡣
𣡡
θոأһעʱƷޣߴȻ£һʯű˵ƣ˴
Ʒޣ֡
ԲϲιΣʮף޵ļ̤

ͷ޵ĽƲڵϣʱһ¡죬ضɽҡ
롭
Ըһ˺󣬴޹£һǰȥŻâȭͷȻҳ޵Ľűϡ
𣡡
޸տʼȭͷԼûжзӿֳмâȻԵȭͷĽűϣȴǺȻо·һɽ£ͷ·Ҫѿʹޱȡ
ٽҼС
һݣʮɸߣȭߣÿһζþȫǴ߶£ȭͷͽ޵ϡ

ԿСĹؿϣȴǷ쳣Ƶ죬ʮɸһСɽޣԴòϺˣζվȡ
ͷ޺뻹֣ٶ죬Ӵȴ󽵵ͣԳԸ޷ֻ֣аķݡ
⡭ôܣ
ԶʯһĻŴͣѣ򽣵ʵȻǿ˳̶ȣոûгȫһȫҶԵֵһС
ʯǳƷ޵ǿ󣬵ǿԳԣȻֶͷβ׷Ŵ
ʵ߽״ʦ֮޵˰ʯò̾һ
֣쿴
ͻȻԱߵԨǱһ
ʯȥٶȵɴ۾
ǰһоߺƷսһ𣬲˫һһȫ価·磬о߲ϣԶһ¡
Ӵ󣬵Ӵоߡ
Ӵ󣬵оߵĳԶǡ
޶оߣ˲·磬󲿷ֵ޶о߸סãֻȽϸ߻Ӵޣſо߿⡣
𡭡
𡭡
ȻȺ
оߺͱڽս
Ŀ۶ȥ

ֻӴСɽײͷƤĿ졣
۷ıޣۺʵ˽״ʦ⣬ޣܹѹƷޡ
ֻǴ˿о߶սʱȴѹţȻһʱûбо߸סҲ
һĻԶʯˣѾ֪˶ٿˮƷޡ⾹ȻһƷޣһƷޣƷʣԲһıޡ
־㹻ǿʯಡҪ
ԼǰȻͼ˺սɱԷԷտʼûнЩٻǲ۸Լ˰ɣ
ѹֵ˵аնԸˣԭϻϰͷƷ߰Ʒ޶һǲֵ֪ôôޡǽǶ䣬û´ЩӦǴ˵мٳֵо߰ɣ
ǰ棬̾
ҲЩ߾Ǵ˵еоߡ˵оӴѪɭУѾʮûǵ㼣ˣû뵽ֵһȻٻϰͷҾãǶоߵߣѾȫ¡ʮһ˵
Ȼ߽Ƕ仹û֣ͬʱͷǶ䣬ڼȻһͷ߽Ƕ䡣
ѵֵһʦ𾪺һ
ʮ֣صصͷҲûĽˣǾʦôƾĽڴʦͿ߽״ʦ֮޵أֶΣ¾ͨľʦ޷ˡӿֻлռҵľʦȡ
ռ𣿾˵ռҵĻռѾͻƵ˴ʦһͻƵʦͽ˼ʥؿʼչأ׼ڰٳѡдŹʣΡҾãˣʵҲܹȵֵܡ
Цһ˵ϧֵܵʹ˵㣬ٳѡζܲμˣļ룬ҵǸţֻȵļ˿˰ɡҵ÷򳽻ԿԺΪֵܣҲǳԵĸ
ʮЦŵֵȻЩͻȻϵţʹˣɾҲǳܼӿһǰˣҲȲ
棬ǧġսҰ⡢໥ӣжŨŨϲ
ȻǳΪʦ˰
Щ̾˵
һοʱԲһССнʦȻʱ£Ϊϲһ󾳽磬ﵽĽڴʦھ棬һٳΪʦ
ۺʵ߽״ʦ֮£޵С
ϸշͷĽǶ䣬ƷϵֻƷϵĶһֻ
ȳɾͣûһ˿ʱȺ׷ϵ뷨
֪ʵ򽣾ǳԵĻ֪жôؾʡ
ǧĿǰʮа˵ת˲üͷ΢΢𣬡˵÷ӦذǸŮӰɣǸŮӵмɫҡޣʲôأҸǸȣֲϲԡţҲϲ
ǧĲ֪ǣظŲϲԵͬʱһŽѾͨޱȡ
еޣһϣЩ߸Ҽ̤ࡣǸ࣬ҽΧҪԽ˺ɷ顣
ȻǰһŭĺС
Ǳ
̲סˣϰͷƷޣͶԿоߡ
رԼȫǱоѹŴûл֮
òϣͷоߵʵѾ
֮£ֻǰæ
ʯ߸ǰǿ󣬷ˣһϽսţ΢ǿ޹һ£ˣܳܡ


376 վŵȫ̵
£޲ûϷӦΪ޵ǣжΪ߰һ㲻ѡԶ٣ǿƷ·磬Ƕûóֵ׼ͻأ֮ʵһʱûзӦ
𡭡
ڣִ״̬δãȫӦ˹һųǰȥϵķޣǵһʱ˳ԡ
ߣҿǻŶãҾҪҵĻǣЩߣͳͳ̤Ϊࡣ
оŭһ裬ͬʱԶĳԣǸ࣬һҪ˺Դϴˢҽյĳ衣ߡ
Ҳ̫ǽǶˡȻˣҾǿǽǶֶΡ
ʱʴͻȻһŭ
˺޶ʶ̧ͷգһ̣ǱǿĽǶͷǶٶȽ١
Ϊ׵һͷǶ䣬Ӵ󣬼ǱһͷţҪ
߽Ƕ䣿찡һͷƷޣ
еٶȾ
ޣͫ΢΢һ
ˣЩ޾Ȼ㶯֣ôǣ߽Ƕ·ĳԹʵ
ʱеĿȫȺΪ۵һ࣬վȺڣͺһֻϰ㣬ʱܱ
ԿΧڶޣûдǸϾɱǿڵ̣վŵޣȫҷŵǣŻã
ǣ
߽ǶнǶ䣬˵̡Ŀ꣬оվŵޡ
ݡ
߽Ƕ£һööźĶ̣£еƷޣڡ
пеٶͷޣҪע
ܡЩ۷ôܻж̣ǵĶѾˣ
ͬźĶ̣ͫгŨŨĲš
ת˲ŭһվŵ޷ŵҿֱǳ롣˵ǷŵǣǵĶһƤⶼƿ
͡
Ȼ䣬һʶػͷȥͫ׶ʱɵϴ
⡭ôܣԲܡǶĶ̣ʲôʱܹƿ޵ķˣ
ڱһӴޣƺ˾ƵĵڵϣѵҪվȴζվ
ߡ˵ܹͣģҸ㣬оߺͽǶ䲢۷ս˶֣ûоҪȫɱ
о߲мһԳȴϿԲǱϸƿ޾ֶΣΪҲ˿ʧôҪǣ˵ĲоһԿߵúԶ
һ̣оѾ¶ģݳΪˡ
иǿս
һ˿֮ɫĻĻǣȫ
ɥʧСɲ潻´󣬵ʱԼ嶼ܵǣ
һжǸֻ࣬Ҫץס˲佫ת
ĿⶸȻת򳽻ԣһ̣Ӵ壬Ѿǵһʱ˱ľ˳ԡ
࣬ҵġֻץ㣬ſҺҵĻǰȫ뿪ɴ񣬶ȡˮ䡣ҲΪУֻǵǧҩѣȻҪҽҲֻǰץˡ
򳽻ԣ˲ﵽ㣬ٶ죬оһʱҲ֮ϡ
ֵܣСģ㿪
Զ𿴵Ȼо߳˳ԣʧɫæ
֮ǰͳΪеʯҲһǽ
ûע⵽ȴǣڼԼ򳽻ʱ߽Ƕûеģȥ׷
ݣ
һ̣ʴȻһ⡣
˲û˱ϥǡ

ֻϥǷǦһ㣬ľ״̬޷ƶ岻ɵʧȥƽ⣬ˤڵء
ˣ
ͫг˷ŭԹضϵ߽Ƕ䣬ۿžҪԣû뵽ͷȻ߽ǶĵʱȥǣΪ߽ǶĶ̿ƿķֻ۷䣬ԺлһὫȳࡣ
㻹ң֪֪ǿͬΪѪɭ޵ķϣŻ־㡣ĻϾͻʬŲţ
߽ǶԼʱߣԣǲʶģȻҲö㶯֣ȥɱԡҺǼһﶼ֣Ҳɡ
ɣ
ͷ𣬲ɵ򳽻ڵķ
̩Ȼվﶢ߾ѾһףգۼԵ϶û˿ţûжļ
ţ
һ̣кȻһǿҵΣУ˸սƱһ㡣
˲̧ͷ˳ԲԶһôϡ
һ˫ڵ·Լ㣬
ʱֻҪ΢춯ԷԻΪĹ
Ȼڰеĵ֪ʵΣԷһ񣬾ñȫԿ϶ԷʵԲԼ
ߣôӵôµޣһһ޵ͳ죬޵ͳ찡
ͷɵÿɬȴٹԣ˺󣬶ңǾվȫ䱸
Сӥɱ
ԳŲԶСӥ˵һתޡ
ڽ뵽һռȥǷſ꣬˭ҷһֱӽɱ
վڶǰ˵
ҪɱɱһɲЭǳΪľޣŶûС
ҲǱѾµ˳ǾʦҪ뵽һռ䣬Ͳ³뽫Ǳɾޣ½ŭ졣ǱǶ䶾ˣǶȻ᲻һеɱ򳽻ԡ
һȺйļһԽйҾԽǳΪҵľްİɣǽǸռ󣬿ҸǶˡ
εҡҡͷϻãְɡ
ǣˣ
ϻõڳԺһɫӰڳԣϻá
ϻģ壬ȴע⵽ϻõһƺ̺ĪͨǿˣпܻУ޷԰Ρ
ЩȻԸȻռ䣬ǽȥ˿¸ǶԸˡ
ϻóֺ󣬿ǰһȺޣ΢΢ҡͷһЦûô⡣



377 ܵ
һӣһƬɫŨ˲佫еްڡ
Щʶظо˲ãܹÿŨֱӾͱС
Ũһû˳Եڡ
аǶ䡢оڵޣ޲ʧԭء
ֻ߽Ƕо˳ԣûʧ
⡭ʲôͨ
Զ˼һĻ
ǿЩ޲볽ϵĿռ䱦£Լٽսȥ˱ΪԻϺЩо޴вޣͳͳɱ߷ϵû뵽֪ʹʲôֶΣųһŨͽе޸뵽˿ռ䱦С
ֶΣǱ˵û˵
ʯԨǱ˶һۣܿԷеĺԼңûкһضְԲܳܵġǶĵֶƷƤⶼƿЩˣǵһͨĶ̣Խ˵ʵԪƿɡ
ˡ£Ѿ뵽˿ռ䱦УսΪҵľޡǣҸշ㡣ôֻҪϳΪҵľޣҽձ㲻
Ϊ߽Ƕ䶾̶̱ڵϵıĮ˵
ҵľޣÿһʦҿǱı㻹ҵľޡ
ŭһ˿ûЭ˼
ޣǱݵλҪߺܶ𣿡
üͷ΢΢һ壬ƺԱʱһӰ£Сӥ
Сӥһ£һɷ·ԶŵβƺƵӿֱ˱
䡭
ֻоһɽѹսĸо궼Ҫơ
㣬ΪǱ޾ͺ˲Ҵ߱Ҳ١ڸҴ磬Ժ϶ڡĻǱޣò˶ãЩ£㣬Ųţ
Сӥضűȴĵش
Сӥͬͨޣ׼𣬾ͿԿԡ
ҵȻţǲͨޣȻͼԽңԲܣʷϴδй
һ㣬ζŵġ
ŲţȽ뵽ҵĿռ䱦˵
Կ۱üͷ΢΢һ壬ΪѾˣⱩƺʱ䣬ɢǶ䶾̵Ķء
¡¡
ȻʱһҵĺȻ

֮ϣ·һĨɫâš
ºһռѷѸγɣգۼ˳ǧףϰ׵ľ޴ѷ졣
ǡͨͨ
̧ͷգһɫ΢䣬ϲ
ѵѾħˣ
ĿԶһ૵˵
~~
ʱһӳԿŵķ򴫵ݶ
üͷ΢壬Ҳ׷׳ŷķȥûٵһʱɽͨ
йȻŵóȻˮδ֪ΣգΪûж
֪䣬ĿУѾһߴĵλ
𽥿ûãǿʲôˡ
ֻøߴľ·˽ƵģϮ
ٶȼ죬رǰĽǧôٶ˿ѰƷޡ
Щľܵ찡ôܣ
е߿űϮӲûɳ
ţǻಡһĻˣֱֻԣھ볽Բʮ׺󷽲ͣ¡е𣬿ȥʱ۶ϵǣ䵽˽ʮȣҲûκ֦۶ϵ촫
μˣ
һ̣뻮һط춯ء
ݼˣֵܡֵܵշ˶ٵޡЩԲѰǰǧɢϢһǴﵽƷĲΡرǰϢɽ纣Զ˿оߣﵽƷĲΡ찡Ʒޡ߽ǶоߣѾƷˡ
ǰһĻɬѡ
ǧºͶˣǶһۣͬžҵ𾪣Ҳ֪ڽˮ֮ǰԾ͵ǵշʱԶԶûڵʵ
Ź˶̶̲ʮʱ䣬ЩʵȻͳͳһأǧƷƷټֻǶԼϰͷоߣӴʵȻܺǶŶԿԱѹκһͨˡ
٣̳ǵŻذǣûгŵ֣Ҫȡذǣʵ̫ˡ
˵ƿصȻȲ϶Կѹκһ
ǧºͶû˶óԵļֵͱȲ϶Կڶ̶̶ʮʱʵٸأ²أ
˭ϵЩޣڳɳεȵز
ұˣ𾪵ĲЩޣǳԱˡ
ǰ۷ߣȻ¹ȥΪͻơ
ʮͻȻָǰ˵㿴ӰѸٿ
ԣֻһˣżƺҲޣֻģЩưˡüͷ˵⵽ʲôޣôûڵ伮жûйء
ǿƺƷо߽Ƕ仹Ҫǿϵ̫ˣھףҶĲĸо޷ֵ
ʮһ
ԶʯѿĿɿڴ
µƷޣҾԲѰƷпǱࡣ򽣣Ǻͷ߾Ȼ˶ޣǾʦҲշôް
е࣬һ𺳣ǲǰҲûóȻǰЩ޻Ὣǵɵ˹ʱֿ֮ûС
磬ѾɣǿԽĲˡ
ǷԼС࣬С಻ͳǰ죬վһԡ
š
ԵͷĿڷϴһַϢϸ΢仯ֱ仯Ҳ׽ָоǷֵĻûκһһޣĶ֣Ҳõ˲ٺôã˵ˮΣأֽ󣬻ʮūʵ֮࣬ͨĲ㣬Ҳżİ
Ϊ֮ǰշ˴С࣬ǰշˣԽࡣ
磬Ҳ֪Щڵ㣬ҿ²ܰﵽʲôæˣʼնҪһӦ


378 ŲƷӡ
Цһ˵⻰ȴ͵͵磬ոȫħͻȻУħǾû´Ӧдİħˮˡ
ʲôħˮ
ɫ΢䡣
ҪǱڰҲֳܱҵʵҪȰħһٶʩչɱֶΣκһߡҵҲκ֪󡣡֣ص˵
Եͷ֪ԣˮǱŲٱħҲĶ
̾ϧǶԺˮ۲죬һǰħʱδӴˮۣ簵ħһ壬Ƕںˮ۵ӴٴΡ˵ħǰ֮ҪɱˮۣҪһ
һԺˮҲ˽⣿ɻ
ͷħԺˮ֮˽⣬Ϊˮͺˮ۷ìܡһ֮ԶԺˮ˽⣬ΪˮѪɭ֣һԺˮ۵˽١һͰħǰӦþΪ˵õˮı
һô
Ŀʱת򱩺ڷȻһ̣ɫ΢΢һ䣬ΪĿոͶȥǿɢһ׹⣬ûð׹ʢֱʧ
˼
ϣȻŴŲƷӡ
üͷʱ𣬴ŲƷӡʦǿɣһЯĻܣһ߶ӵʦǿߵֶΡ
ȴŲƷӡһ߶Դﵽ˲ŲƵĿġ
ոձͻȻʧȻʹʦǿ߸׼ĴŲƷӡܴӳƤʧֶΣǳԺϻöû
ʦֶΣʵ̫ǿˣϻȫʢʱȻһһȺʦָʵԣʵܱȵʦǿߡ
ͷ϶֪ˮʲôΪ˵õһŲƷӡø˵ǼԶԶ˴ŲƷӡǿͨҵɣⱦﱻȥˡһ˵
Ե˵ͷһ֣еȫջ˷ռ䣬ֻһ˳֣µͨѾǼ̽ɺã
һжģ
ʮ˶ǵͷ
ԵáڵҪСģ㵱ûκһȫǽ󹥻ҶҺ棬һñᱻ򽣴ġ
ȫǽ󣿣
˶ʱһʶ˳ԵֶκǲûлɳԵĻͷˣֵָˡ
ֵܡ
ʱͻȻһ
ʯ
ţʲô𣿡
Իع񣬵Цʵû飬Ҳ䵭
ģ֮ǰǶ㶯֣ǵĲԣǸˡʯ˹֣̬ȵϡ
Կʯͷ֮ǰҶ֣Ӧ֮ҪȡĳЩ˵Ĳԣ֪û˵
ûڵΣҶӿ˶ֵġʯͷ
ݡ
ʯ䣬ȺǼӰӶգۼǳѷ죬˵ͨ
Щ쵰Ȼô죡
ʯŭһ
ô
Կѷ죬ŵ˼
ʵε˲ߣҲɱǣΪɱζûκκô˵ɱڵˣ᳹׵ڡ
ô˵ӿǬԪ죬Ӵ󣬳ԲӲʱ˵Լº΢Щϵᱻ꼰㡣
ʯֵΪҸոѾǿˣΪ棬ԷԼ˽ƷʵѵáȻˣǾ𣬹ͬˮѰ׳ǬԪʵ
˵ŵùҵĻ˵㣬ǶҵķԸӵĽСЩ߽ʧ޴󡣡
ãһֵķԸʯæͷӦȥе˴ڿʼӳԵķԸ
ڼʶ˳ԵʵȻǲΌܡ
ǿ߲ʲôطȨġ
ǰΪʯǵʵǶ⣬лȨ񳽻ԲʵԶʯиƿһֻӴ޾ţĻȨȻû˿Աȼ硣
ӿ߿һĻ޲ɢԺ뽾ɫʣӿߣΪԵĴڣһںˮøҳԸΪߵ쵼ߣ˶óϷݹ٣ܹ󼰡
ǽ˺ˮǬԪǶ˶ǣ˾֪
漴ڳԵָ£߷׷ѷ쵱Уˮ㡣
ȫʧڵڶ㣬˵һźƷƮź۵Ӱ
վǰߣͣɢ˶ζ
Ӱû˶¶֮ɫǺ̰ɢϢ
Ƕ˵Ŀ⣬Ҳǳ˾η
ǰӰ̧ͷ¶˺һͬµû˿Ѫ⡣ͫ׵û飬һƬѪɫĹâ
䣬ȴа
ݡ
ŴͣһźʱƮеʬԼǰɱҶʬ壬ȫУ͵һʬĺʱڶ𣬽ǵ
صʬ壬ʱѩ׵ãһ˿ѪûС
һ壬˱Ǳ۾ƺƺܡ
ǶϵϢȴԽǿҡ
վӰڴڵغţ©һ˿
޵ѪȻʢЩŲʮͷޣҾ͸оʵˡǸСϵͷȫˣǵʵԿͻƵס
ΣһӰ۾¶Ѫɫͫף﷢
Ǹ򽣵˵ЩͣϾȻƿͷޣһ׼ϵģϿ϶һռ䱦
һӰҲ۾ܹƾĽڴʦʵôƷޣֶǿооľʦҲӵСǶܹޣ࣬ϾȻôޡ
ֶΣǰħγˣһҲԶˣò˶꣬ǵеˣٵ½½飬Ϊǵʳ
˲ʲô࣬ǰħİħࡢѣΪȫﵽ̽Ʒ۷壬Ҳ̽ƷûнˮǵʵԺɨеޡ
ˣֵǸ˲֪ʲôݣйϢҺᡣüͷ˵ͫѪɫâĪʡ


379 Ķ
ѵͷҲܵˣǹϢȻǺǿң˾ҸеᡣȽ˵㣬һҪҸɱˣǧǽĲ㣬ĲȻΣ󣬵Ĳ౦ЩǧܱǸõ
ǻȽɣǸཫе޶ٻǼūҲÿסǣܽĲɾͲˡ
˵ڵĲıǽе޶ɱˣЩ㵽ϣҪǣǰǴͨ˽ͨǾʲôõˣֱӶȡĲıԼѰˮ䡣
ãھͽĲ㣡
£ħӰһٶȻһźڹ⣬ʧԭأѷ쵱С
ǵ𣿹ȻǱ鲼󰡣һСģԻᱻ򽣴ģ֪ôġ
Ե˸սˮ㣬Ƿܽݺᣬǧ֯һ֮Ǭ˽磬вͻᱻᴩ壬ʬ
ʯˣ޲һؾ£Щ·һ㣬ĴХĹɣ޴󣬽ݺ֮䣬˵ļֱиĸо
ǳ֪һĻͨ棬֪ӦЩӱΣգҲȻΣգˡ
ԶΣգʯˡ
Կ̵ķΣգʯ˱סûܵһ˿˺ʯ˼ΪмͬʱΡ
ǽߣ˸սʱϰٸ˱Ƚϵùʣµ˶Ϊûܵ˺
һҪסһӦر۷ʦһҪо񣬴ҵɶϡ
Գ˴һ
ǣ
߷׷Ӧǡ
㵱г˽ʲôûУããһƬЩȻ޴󣬵Ե֮Ҳ֪Щ۷ʦʵԪѾԷͨ״ʦ֣ͬԵֵ
гԵ֪ˮ㵱ûκεıҪĲ㣬ֻǰ뽣֮ҵʮūЩūȫɱؽýռ䣬ͨĲͨ
뽣󣬱ǽΪĵط
˳Խ󣬱۲һȷǱ߽ǿͳ˹ȥ
ڳԵָ㣬ûκ顣
硭
ʱԵԺͻȻ˷ոҸܵһ˿Ĳӹû´ĻӦǰħ˽ռˣѸٳ뽣ȥҪҪȸϹȥЩѾӦ½вˡ
𣿡
һ˵ͷȽ㣬ʣЩɲ̫˺ǿ뽣Ҳþ͵ֵˡ°ħ˱Ȼʲô³Ȼ֮ǰҶ֣⣬ԹܵħвҲӲңˮʲôıһҪ֪ͨԲʲô⡣
ڴˣתһԵʯ˵֣֣ұҪȼٸϹȥˣԼںϡ
ֵܣΪΣôͻȻһˣ
ɻѯʵǴһҲиӦԸϹȥٶЩΣա
˵ŷӦԲǶһˣߣǸֻµޣʵͬǼΪǿ
ǧǰ˵޴磬ȸϹȥǲΪӰ쵽ļƻ𣿡
Ƚģ˰ħڵһȺˣڲܷʲôˣǧֱӹˡ
ȷΪҵĵĲǱǰħ塭
Եͷüͷ΢΢ǾħҲˮ˵˳ҲȨ֪ħ£Ѿ֣ħҲͬ˺ˮҾãħһֻǿ
ħ˶ʵԲӸոշ֣صУԿõħʵҲȥ
ģһս
ħ壬ħ徹ȻҲˣ⡭
ʯɫʱ䣬ʵһǾ˵ѹˡ߻̫Ӻˮ˰ŵţһûɳΰħ塢һ塢ͬˮȻ࣬ǵʵˡ
ҵͻƵʦ֮ʱһΣʱһƽ۷İħսһȻʤˣһսУҶվŸıµʱҪڰħˡ
üͷ˵ħʵİرּ밵ħӴߣǲ֪Ըħķһϣħвͬ׵Ҫ
˻
Ļ˶ʱһǾԲỳΣ
ս˾֪һԽսͬ׵м޵УȻͻƵʦ󣬾ȻЩɥһƽ۷尵ħϣɴ˿ɼħǿʵԿġ
Ǻð
Ѿ¶ſ־塣
ˣǽĿͶ˳ԣ뿴ʲôӦԷ
ǧġ⡢ˣĿ⾼ؿ˳ԣϡǵãԭкͳ֣Կħĳ档
󳽻նаħ
һΣҲţԱضͬеİħ
ǺǣħҲӴҲ̫ģӦˡǵİȫһһǡ
һ֣һǧƷʱӶػܣΪ׵һǴﵽƷЩ棬ʮֻоߡ
ͬʱԳĿⱻʱȡһöռָǧĵָϣռָҷֻӥһо߶ֵ˵ΣգǼ˾ͳŷӥ뿪
÷ӥ£ҲΪԷһ°ħ֮ʣ߶֡зӥڣȻ֤ߵİȫٿӿһȺϣ
ţ֪ˡ
֪ΪΣͻȻһöռָԼָʵǧһŷؾ߲Ӷ͸һѵ֪Ůָ𣿸Ů˽ָҪεġ
뷨֪ƳĶˡ
λİȫһˣҾһҲץϹȥɡ
˵ţߵǰ
֮ԾҪһ˶ԸħвҪˣҲǲڶԸħʱ򣬱֪зӡ


380 
ԸħӡȻϡ
ֵܣԼСġ
ֵܣСġ
Сġ
һе˵
΢΢һЦСӥٻСӥƿȥ
СӥԼٶȣܵĽ˺˿
ųԳСӥ·ΧĽԽԽ󣬳ѾʼģڸϵܷȻ
һЩ˺оߣ߱ضˡ
ǰ뽣𣿡
ڿмӣԽ·̺󣬳ڿǰһĻĻнݺӣֽصơ
ΧҲĽХ˲ҿ
ţźǰħ壬ħ̲סô
ԺܿͷڽУ˿˿ɫ壬ɫа¶ǰħ֮
⡭뽣󣿡
ԸһǷܽݽΧɫţвϼһµĽЩ޴״ʦȫѵֵһþͻᱻ򽣴ģĲ
ЩţӦþصĽɣĽ󰡣󲻻ڣɢҽ֮״ʦɱ˿ԿЩ󣬴߶ܣӦɱκһ״ʦɣ
ԿЩѪҺЩ
ЩȻ򣬵ռҲʮأȲ󣬵ܱûкá˵ӵһ׽󣬾͵ӵһµĵƣʱ˵Ǹ߽״ʦǵʦ׵
뿴ĳɵĵʦһӵоߣ߳ŶԷ͵͵ɣ󽫽󼤷ɱ״ʦģһɵĵӣձ鶼߽״ʦ֮µ߰
ʱһ˵״ʦ¾߽״ʦĴ£ᱻƬ
⡭һɶʧ
ϻãûа취Щˣ
Եϻá
Щû취ϻÿǾʦͲһ۷֣϶а취Щ
Ȼϻõܿ촫ˣЩʵҲһͨ󣬲ʦµģȻγɡϲ뽣ӦŲٵĽڣ
ȻγɣڣԶʱɻ
ʱӿڵ磬ˮ۾һý֣˵彣ƺһҵıӡΪҲδᣬ֣Ǳ彣ǿ󣬵ȼߣҲûϱ񡣷Ļӡ֮£彣ˡ
һ
ٶ𾪣˵ؼзӡһˮõ彣ȻƺһҪǴȥˣ»ٶγһ籩ϯ½˶ºˮţ֪֪ˮ۵ʵжǿ
ˮ۵ʵ𣿡
ЦһҲ֪ͻʦ̾һ䣺ˮ۴ɲ⣬ڰħ֮أ
࡭
ԣԶʱ˿ĭͻȻòӦýˮˡ
ͻƵʦ߸˵ˮɲ⣬ʵдﵽʲôΣ
ˣ㲻õģǺˮ۾ûħɱҲ϶ںˮУˮ๦ܣͲôˡ
Ц˵ƺ֪ڵʲô
һȥˮۡ
֮֮
˿гԵ֪Ҫ뿪ˮֻһַǾǽˮһ㣬㣬ֻڵ㵱вҵ뿪ˮķ
£ԻҪȽħٴӱѯˮʲô
ȻһҪ顭
ħ
ϻãڣȥСĵ㣬ҸҪȿǼħﵽʲôΡ
Դ
ϻóĬƬ̣˵໹Ҫָʵаħ޷ˡһΣͽ˺ͷˣСġ
ڰħϻҲǷĵޣʵվ̫޷ԸħضӧԸħ
ţ
֣صص˵ͷ£Сӥٶջ˷ռ䣬Լϻգͬʱ߶֮֮ȻϢ˷ĵ
ʱϢǿԸܵռ䲨ĵʦǿߣѰ߾Էֲ
ڷڳԽСɾѾѰ۷ʦˣټٶȣĽ˺
Ӻ󣬳Էǰһʯ
ʯɫ죬ʽΣһɲȣϸϸһ㣬ʯܹʮ
ʮͺʮűһ㡣
ھ뽣ԼĪһǧףһۿȥз·νɢǧ֮⣬Զ屻иĴ
ˣʮڣ⽣ڣ棬ӦʮŸūһūѣʮҲݱɾ󣬼𡣡
ʱ˳ԵԺ
Ե˵ͷҲµһ㡣
ʱûȥܻǽĿ۵˲ԶļӰ档
ǧ⽣ӰһߴӰҶţƺ˲Сìܡ
ӰڵΡľŪԼλ󷨴ʦ
ڸߴӰȻһ죬ʹôŲƷӡı
ֻʱıƺźɢţһ˿ڣѪҪǮشʳ
ԵͻȻûκ˷֡
ԭھȻħ年ᣬߡֱĳ裬վҲɴҲҪǸͳͳɱ
ʱͻȻһ
ͫ׶ʱ𣬡ڣȻͰħйϵ
Ҳɱ㣬˭֪ҵݡȻǱ켶Ʒ۷ޣۺʵȰ˽״ʦҲߣ
ĻûзŭЦ˰Ķǰı
ͬʱĿⲻۼɨϣһ˿ڹ˸ӦȴظܵвɵһأͳѶ˶ˣħöָĿг̶ȣʵ̫ߣĽڵ
ڽˮ֮ǰзһΣˮԲûȡһöɫĽָҪҵҵöɫĽֱָӷΪųϡ
Ƚʷ϶ûйأɴ˿ɼҪԡ
ͨҲ֪ǰħ·ģżӣҲͨʦȡŻá
ǵ͹˰ħӳ̶ȣħ嶼˸ǰ
ɱң۷ʦΪɱңֱǿЦΪԼ˰ħ޵Ҹ㣬ض뿪ˮ󣬱ضὫ֮¸ڣʱһɱڣеͳͳնɱһ


381 
½ĳŴİħĽǽŸɴɱһǧҲŹһ
ڲаħһй¶˳ȥҲȻڶʱ䱻Ĩ½
ôϧûǸˡһ֪Ǿƾʲôɱ㡣
Цһ
վľŪº󷨴ʦҲЦ˰Ŀű
ݡ
һ̣϶Ȼӿһźڹ⣬סһǿа֮ʱɢǿƣȻδﵽ߽״ʦĲΣԲѷɫκһ״ʦ
ɱ
˴һӶ֮ɱ˱
䡭
ٶȼ죬գۼͿ˱ҵĹƳűȥ
ٶȺ͹ǵʵѾѷɫͨİ˽״ʦ˰
ͷȻ۷ʦħӵеʵȻȽףֱǿ£ѹ߶Ը䣬Ϊħū
֪ô赲൱˽״ʦ
ǳԱ˵Ļǲ̫ηУ״ʦ̽Ʒ۷尵ħԶԸû̫Ѷȡ
֮ǰʹЩֶΣ̽Ʒħ
ȻҲ·˯˽¡
ͻȻһϻãܲʩչСֶΣսȫ̾¼
ϻô򵥣ֻҪʩչһӰˡ
˵䣬ӿһ˿ɫϢ۳һš
֪ϻѾʩչ˾Ӱʼ¼ǰľ
Խ¼ԺãڷϣһӲ˵ǰħҲš
Ϊϣһ
֤ݲ£Ȼվһǰޡ
̽ƷħôͲµǰħΪɵʵû뵽ֻ⼸ֻСϺףǸ߹ǰħ尡
˵Ĺû˿ػ֮ɫͫ׵зǳһ˿Цǰ߽ǶĶ̣㲻ôҵĶҲɱǡߣɡ
˵䣬ſһ£һ˶ĺɫӡӶ
𡭡
ӡһһȻ춯أռ𵴣·ſֲɢɽκ˶赲ԲڵĽ˲֧飬ǧ֮ĳԣζ̲סײſס
磬һŷӡ̺ʦȫһûĻӦǰǧ޴󣬲רưħáһһƷޣƳķӡӦûǺܴ󡣡
ڱսӡóʱʹ˵
ԵĻвɿЦû̫е⣬ʱÿҲͬЯӡһָ߼ķӡ
Ǵ˴γִҪ񣬶ڶĪ壬ϴһӡΪ档
Բ֪ǣͨУѰӵܻܲӵдӡܣܹӵӡȫΪݡ
ʲôȻһӡࡢλǰ֣ȻǶ군
һӡӱ³Ǿʧ룬ˣֱӴһϿյһ˿ڹ⾫
ΪǳӡɱǺܴ󣬵רſưħǰħõ㣬ҪĤݣǰħֵ
ˡͷȻרſǰħķӡΪǵӡǿŵģȴҪˡ
Ͽգڹ⵱ͻȻһŭӰ£һźڹƸոûӾ˲䱻ѹ𽥱Сֱʧ
ϵĺƣҲѸɢ뵽С
Ȼ˰ħãİħϢǳǿ󣬾ԲӦ
һڹ⣬оһ˿õĸоʶҪߣûתͷܶվһˣɢϢһǿ
̽Ʒħ
жʱһ̽ƷħȫʢʱڶܹԸοϻЩľսȫʢʱڵ߳ɡ
ΪϵľУܵĻᶼûˡ
Ǹ࣬࡭
𳽻ԣŭ
лλǰĳһġ
ۼӡƣҲ˿Ļվһ
Ѿ֪ЩΪΰħ˿ˣ岻ɳǧͷޣӡóɼҪѰöɫָǺεҪ
£ȷġ
ڣ߶Ժˮ˽Ⲣ࣬ͻɳʵǿĸǰˣʱħԲ
һ壬ƺҲǲ̫ʦڣע⣬ԲŽñһǧͷԼӡǰһǧͷԶԸߣӡһԸħʵû취ҲôŲƷӡӶݡ
ò˵һտʼļƻǱȽġ
ֻǺܿϧ˳ԣʹǵǧͷ޲ûóΪ˼£ŲƷӡΪ볽Զʹõ
ʱѾЩмˡ
ǳԣ뻹ߵĻᣬʱһ밵ħ鴫ȥ½֮ء
ڵǷͰһͷˣҪʩչϴĺħơһҪúòһмΪ
Ƥ̲ס£һթбԼȥֵסӡʧϴĺħƾҪ⳥
Ȼǲ˵ڵģֻǵͷǡһλǰǰ͡
¡¡
ʱԶĽͻȻ΢΢¡졣
ãϾҪˣʱūû˺ħƿɲӦЩȽͷˣʳѪ⣬ʵضһЩԸЩūҲ׶ˡ

𡭡
£Χڱܵ̽Ʒħʱĸ򳯱Ϊ͵Ĺ
Ҫ𣿡
ħɢĿϢвɾͫȴӿŨҵսѪȣҪɱңҲҪǵһ汳ġ

ϢʱȻѡҪԱ
Ʒ۷Ա⼸ħ־֮Ȼ˼
ˣһҪԱǷӡˣ
ȰħܵڵϢ仯ɫ䣬ٶȴ߶£ԶӶȥ


382 ң
Ǹ࣬Ҳ³ʵǺ棬ôշôıޡΪҪɴ졭
ڵϢԽңԺвɵøֳһͷ
ôؾ𣿡
ȻʱһͻȻԺͬʱһư׹⽫֣ԭȻޱȵϢ˲ƽ·ûֹһ㡣
һ̣һϤףߵС
ԣ
㣿
ʱŴ۾˲ţת˲ɫ䣬æ죬뿪ķ뿪Ȼߣˮŵˮ۵ĵһˮ䣬߻һζҪõǧ䵽ħϡ
ҵ뿪ڻ뿪𣿡
ڱԣʼ磬Ա˵
ţ
ʶؿܣֻԭܿޣѾٶȰΧΧ롣
ʱǾǲҲѷɡ
ûڻ뿪𣿹Ǹ򽣵ɣѾעܾˣôϹ˳ǰħ壬ҿһ
ħĸΧͬʱħԸٶǰӵĳͳѡ
㣿û뵽㾹ȻҲˣ
䣬Ҳŷ˹ϳЦԱߵľŪ£䲻סǳ·㲻ߣƫͶûô㣬Ȼˣǽվͱ뿪
˶Ϸ˵ʲôʱֵˣ
ľŪ»û˵꣬һŨҵĺڹʱľŪ»ûüһҽУ˾ͱڹ֡
ڹХ˳ĿһȳϢʱ
üͷ΢壬ζеġθȴħȴȥȳϢʵŻ
磬ħʵѾﵽ̽װƷˣħҲ̽Ʒľ磬ѾָĽ۷ʦʵħҪʰǿɲװʱ˳ԵԺ㱨⼸ħľʵ
Ȼ̽װƷҪҪٻСӥǳæ
Եǵʵ
̽װƷİħֻʦ߲ſԶԸɣѰľŽ״ʦѶԸ̽װƷħ
ǺǣûħҪСӥǰæ⼸ͷħһӦ
һЦ˿ġ
ã
Ҳٻɡ
ڿشҵĻԶԶ˳ǰħ壿ԸĻҲո̵һ̵
Ѫͫ׶ųԣɭȻرǱͫ׶ţһëȻĸо
򽣣ǧӦħǲֵôģĹ˳ǣòˣͬɱġһɱȥֻҪܹӳȥһħ嶼ֵô㲻кüͷ𣿻мͷƷޣ콫ٻǲþӲߡ
Ҫнԣʱ
˳˰ħ壬ǴеĿˮ䣬Ȼ밵ħ֣֮˵ɲʲôϢ
˵ЩޣЩװƷûﵽޣҵһ֮򽣣ҿȷظ㣬ҪңٻֻޣҾ͸̵ֻޣŵĻԿ
ජųԣ˿ٻűмǿ򽣵ķ㣬ھͻὫ̵ǲʶôȻͼҿ⣬ӦȰһ˳Ұħ壬ֻй˳Ұħ壬ǲſԵõ֮ͬΪǰħʳ
ҿԹ˳ǰħ塭
º󣬳̧Ŀ⣬ŰħѪɫͫףڡ
򽣣ɡ㻹㲻һࣿȻЭ˰ħ塭̫ʧˣһ㡣ʱɴ۾ͣ
쵰
ŭһΪԻ밵ħԣೣѾͻɱˡ
ովΪԣʦľŪ²Żᱻɱڳηĵޡ
˷ܲѣЦҾ֪ʶʱģ˳Ұħǻкôûʮǰڲһͨţõǰħֺ֧󣬶̶ʮʱ䣬ͷչΪӿڶɡǹ˳ǰħ壬ضҲԳΪһ㲻ϲշ𣿽ǾͿ԰շǧͷޣΪ֮ҲǲܡȻǰǡ
ǰǡ
໹û˵꣬ѾԸֱӴϣȰɱΪҹ˳֮ǰһһ࣬ΪһߣͽҪ֮ԣֻҪɱԺʲôġ
ǰ򲻿ɰڶ԰ħĹδйģСӣһھֳң֮Ĺϵ
һûŵһͷԹȥ
ǷǳֶΣɱ˲գۣһ֮ȡ˵ȥνͣͻɱ
رǸոճ˵֮ʣڳϷܵһ˿ɱ
ɱȻǺŨңȴˣ˵Ѿɱġ
ǰǰӷǰ㵱ɵӣҪ赶ɱڵ󷨴ʦͬǰڣҪһҡ
˵˭ɵء
Ȼû˵꣬һźڹϯֱ֣һڹ˳С

ɫʱҰףˣг־塣
һԲϾɱڵ󷨴ʦԲΪڵһϵӣƹʱܲľŪº󷨴ʦĺ󳾡
ҲһĮؿһС
ȻΪʱȴǽĿת˳ԣСӣΪɵӣһ䣬㵽׹˳˳ǰħ壬ǲ˳ھ̡
ң㡭
Цһȳѻ˵꣬һŰ׹ͷӿڰ׹⵱Уһ𵭽ɫӰն
ӡ
װƷħƷħֻзſӦˣǳٻڶޣҲܶԸ
ǲʹñӡҲͬʱԸħ
ϢϢ⾿ʲô
ӡոճ֣ͳѶ˵ɫǾޱ䣬ˣΪϢУᵽһŨҵΣζ
һ߽ױ򲻿ǶеΣգһҪ취õܹõ߽ױҲˡһ˵Ŀһ˲˲ضųǰķӡ
ƺڴ߶֣ӳȫþ淢仯
ɫ˵

ѵ˵ͷûж³һŨŨ޾аϢų԰ȥ


383 
񣬽ˡ
κˡ
ģڵʵʰ⼸ûκ⡣
䣬ӡһ׹⣬׹أһӰǷ
һ֣ǰĺ˻֣ͬʱһգӡУ·ܵĳǣ뵽˷ӡС
ʲôˣȻҲǰħ飬ѵɣ
֪ΪΣӷϣͳᵽһ˿ζģȴϢ
ƺǰˣӵ˲ɱǵĿʵ
ҵͿûбɱˡųೣѣѾʼΪ͵ķ֮
ûбɱ㣿һĽ۷ʦߣΪԼôһּɱ㡣
һƺ˿УᵽɢϢȴǲ
ЦŵĽ۷ʦ¶ˣߡǺǣҿɲࡣ
㲻ࣿ
ͳɫ΢΢һ䡣
ƺ뵽ʲôĿֱڷϵķӡ棬ͷҡͷš
ֻǴ˵һǰĴ˵ôܻᱻǸϡ࣬ǿ϶ޣһԻΪεޡ
ජŷֱԵǰΪޣӦòǶְɣҪ֣ҲǺǵְ
ԶԶԣǰ۲ʶ̩ɽѣ뿪ˮϾ뿪Ѫɭ֣뿪ǬԪ֤ٳǰ
Ҳڡ
̽Ʒħɪɪ
εɫǱòҰףǰһĻģг𺳣Լ˸ʲôٻͷڸǸɴ࣬޶ٻˡ
Ψ
˷Ƭ̣üͷ΢΢ֿվڷĳԣÿԶգգ۾ʱȻۼص˵ͷ
һޣҾ޽ӴϵϢҲ˽ⲻǲޣһ۾Ϳ˶ߡ
Ҳ൱ɻ󣬷Ȼֲ࣬ޣǻʲô
ûʱĥ䣬ոҵĴѾ˵ˣֻҪɱǸӣͿԲɱǡǺǣ㲻ûɣɱֻǻ֮£ֻöְˣɱȫҵ֣ûҴ󣬶ûкǰħѲΪҴ߶
Ŀųͳѣдһ˿ζ·˳УߵԼ
ʲôֶΣ
üͷʱһơ
һֶָ߳ΣκһֹЧãߴЧֻ־־ﵽ۷ǿ߲ſʹá
ҸոħãûƿãħıҲδѣҪ߶ħֻǽ֮߶£ӶħķӦħһ˿ħϢҾͿԵ֮ۺϡصγ˫ܣʱ˵̽װƷħ̽׾ƷħҲѡ
ųೣѣͫʣ˿񣬾ڷ֮תٶȶǼ
ͳͬǶŷͫףȫס
Ƚħһǿ̽װƷħȿסҲΪȡʱ䡣
ϣģ̽ƷħʱҪ֡
ʵĵҲǶģħȫӳͳѵܻж
ʱͳѱطƣȥ˺ͳѣħǷ

г̽Ʒħ̽װƷħһ
Σ
ӣ
οЩߣȻ𾪷ĳֶΣ²Ǻ֮ʣŷųͳѣѾ͵͵תһȥ
̽Ʒħ˿ƺֻĳೣԼ񣬶ڳԺε˸ûȥһۣξˣǶûᡣ
￴ţҸȥ
Կ͵͵ܿΣһĨЦĻȣű˸кԼǶߵķ׷ȥ
˵ͷûɳԵʵԲԼȥ׷
ǰ˵Լ࣬Բ޵ļһʲôݡ
㣬ھͲټ׷Ҹû˵ĵطϿߡ
׷׷ʮƺԼ˦ѳԣͣתųԣЦ˵һ׳յӡ
ӣΪʲôҪӣ
ͣʮ׿⣬ʵѵԶԸң
δЦһҳϣ֮ǰǵ͹ˣΪֻһսȽǿЩĽڴʦû뵽սеĻҪǿϸƿֻޣû´Ͽ϶һռ䱦ٻһͷƷȷԽ¡
Ȼأ
ԶΣʵ
εֻǣ㽫ΣͬҪᣬҽڻǸϽȥе޶ٻԸǼħǼħѣҲӲߡ
˵ĺеҵȷһռ䱦
Եͷʼܿϧռ䱦Ҳûдϣҵˡ
㡭ûռ䱦
ο˳ۣͫһ˿ŵɫʣƾʲô㣬ûռ䱦׷ңȻеʵƾһˣǰԶԶ
ãбҪƭô˿ռ䱦ֱӽͷٻʱԻħӵԿȰ˽״ʦʵҲ˲䱻˺ɷɣԲм˵
ԣɫ΢΢һ䣬糽ԣһĽٻο϶ܿͱ˺ɷ顣
ռ䱦ǰ׷ɱң㾿ҪʲôĿ΢΢˸ųʵ
ŭŬ죬ҲûҪʲôֻһȻûռ䱦ҲܱħȻҿ϶Ķ֡ţңҿԷ뿪˵Ļǿɾ͹ֲŶ
˵ӡڳϣҲԵһķ֮Ǹʵ̫ˣֻһʹá
ԸΣȴʮա
ϻáСӥ
ڳԸնǰ׷ɱʱԾѾϻÿʼ߶󷨣СӥҲȫ׼ʱһͻηΪ͵Ĺ
ΪҪˆ¶ֱӳնɱΣΪЩôʱɱ
Ҷ֣ðҳȫ㡭
ζųԣֱӵͷӦ
Ӯ
ⲻص㣡
Ҳȥ˵ξ᲻ữħĵģֻҪûѡߣһԵĿľʹﵽˡ
ãҾȶˡҪǵãǧܻħ


384 Ѫħ
һζȻ˲ʮ׾룬ԣ齣ŶյϢնɱ¡
򽣻ûռ䱦ϵĶӦþǿռ䱦ˡȻռ䱦ҿôΪħǺǣɲ˵㡭
ڳԸոʱεͫоӿֳһĨŨҺڹ⣬һĨ̻ȣ򽣣ܾˣվڡ
ε˸Ų޵Ĺâǳԣڵ˿϶˳Ž񣬺Ͱħ죬ΪԵĺճ֣еļƻȫҡ
˿̳ԲϿռ䱦ʱɱڶ֣û˿ǣֱӻɰħҪһնɱԡ
ΪħʵѾӽ˽״ʦ³ԵսǸ߽״ʦ֮޵УҪնɱԣ׾١
ѾȫԵһ˿
͵㻯ɰħˡΪҪһУԻǲа
ȻΪϿɱԣϵĿ־ʱȴǾط֣вûκεľʧ룬ǳ΢΢һЦ

һ̣һŰ籡˲佫ڡУƣ׺׷ڣһõĸо
æҧһ⣬ǳϻó󷨡
зǳ˷ܣֻҴ󷨱Եе㱣׵ֵΣ
ȻԿʱǷεͫѾû˿ʣ˴ľվԭأ˿ûǰıɱ
ˣɹˣһСѪħ󣬴߶Էϵı巴󷨶Ըħرáϧ˲٣Ҳλɰħܱ֤ɹǰٷְˡ
ϻõ˳ԵĶС
ԵͷһѾ֪
磬û°ɣ
ͬʱһӰӳһСӥ
Сӥǳ׼ĺУһϻòʧܣǳԾͻСӥֻɱΡ
û£
ҡҡͷΣƽͣεͻȻѹڿʼҾˣ֪𣿡
ǣˣ
룬ȴ
Ѫħˣ񾡽Ա㣬˵Ǻʶ֮ˣκ˶Զ䷢ʩ
һѯʣȷλȫĻκοܡ
ǲңѾȫɥʧʶʶӳ³ʲôɫڿ㣬ԥ˵
㣬ڹ˳ħжˣԶʵ
Ŀ͵˵ʮǰħһװħڣշڡʮ꣬ڰħ֧£ڴչʮʱ䣬ͳΪӿһĴǬԪľʢ
šǴ˴νˮĿʲôɷֱĿꣿԼʡ
Ҳ룬ֱ˵ǵģǵĿһöɫĽָ˵ˮ䡣öָľЧҲǰħ´ǰִСħȻڣ˺üħ
ˮ䣿
һˮδ˵ܹðħ嶼ΪӵģԲͨϧζԺˮҲ˽⣬˵ԶųޣѾʼչأֻѯʷˡ
һ⣬ӿг⣬ûб˳˰ħ壿ӿûе𣿡
⣬ԱǽضΡ
˵ѯʵģغӿδԱҪ֪Ϣ߿ϣÿ˵Ÿ߲Ÿ߲ͣǿԽˮʯ
ӿ⣬һҲ˳˰ħ塣ǡ
θûԥԵո˵꣬ͿڻشһشóԽȴǸ˵
͡
ȻθҪ˵ڣָָϣͻȻ̽һֻë׷ⳤצӣֱӶʺԴҲ飬Ȼֹ
ħ
ԿŽųԵӰӿһŨҵŭ𣬡ϻãס
ǣˣ
ϻͬǼΪŭȴ˿˿˷ܣ֮󣬾ȻԼԸħ
衭
ϻƮڳԣһдɵΧ𣬾òϢ
ˢˢ
ͬʱϻֻӶһư˲ڱͬһ˲סǰİħ
ˣһ̽Ʒİħʵǿ
ϻÿдһɫء
̽Ʒ̽װƷҲҪ
С
ĿǰħϻøսħסһӣһŰ׹ڶڰħϵİںһ
𡭡࣬ңȻͶǰħ壬ڵġ
ħƺǳʹ࣬
ЦԸܵõ̽ƷħʵƺǺǿȸո̽ƷħҪһ
֪þӿռָԵʣټȡıѪ֮ʵòʱľ
ңͷħоܹսԲǿͲһֱ㵽󣬼β㱩¶˹ؼϢűܳ
Ϊһֹ͸¶ҪϢӰ˰ħķչĽ²ǵôˡ
ħܳɱκȻһʱ䱻ϻ󷨸סڷӦûеһʱзвԣͼȰ
оԲѰħ硣
ְħҲ׶Ըġ
Сӥ֣ɱħ
һζȻȫɢһȵϢײ֮䣬˾ͺһʯ㣬Яſֲ¡գۼ䣬Ա˰ħǰȭͷ罣׼ħ࣬ɱ

ûκ⣬Եȭͷڰħؿϣֻǽħףû̫Ե˺ۡ
һĻԶʱɵۡ
ԼȫһȻ̽ƷħķƲ
⡭
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ݡ
󣬳ԱǼСӥӳֻ⣬һţûļɿİħ˲䱻

һ̣ħֳɢȳɫѪҺɽ
磬ħǿޣýӦøƿǵķ
Сӥ߻سԵԣһ޹ؽҪ£Լĳ
ٵ⡭
Է˸ۣһڱԼ
ҲöˣϾڲĽڴʦΪͻƵ״ʦʩչԪĻԿƿ߽״ʦķ


385 ϳ˱
ϻ׼ó֣ͷħʵôȻٲһѪս
ŵϱһһİħﵹЩ£һ̽ƷħʵȰ˽״ʦҪǿСӥ֣ÿԶԸֻϻõ󷨺ͷ֮֮ȷ⼸ħǰʰ
뿪ˮ󣬲֪ڻ᲻û߳ˮӦûµЩӶǰ÷
üͷҪ˳˰ħڰεҲһ򵥵Ĺ̰
Ժ¡¡
Ŀεָ׼ȷ˵ָϵĿռָ
ڳϵ״ӣղؿ϶ΪḻҵǼˡ
ǰȥεָϽָ
ò˵ίʵЩߣΪħʰԣû뵽˳ԵĵŻجج֮˱Լİħϡ֮Ҳðռֱָ˸ȡߡ
ʮ³˱ʮг˱ϳ˱ôĵҩҩʯﻹǶడڳϵĵӣڵǱˡ
ԴſռָеĶʱϲ
ڱĶô⣬Щг˱׼ȸʹãϳ˱Եǿһ
ϳ˱ʲôԵıһԵͭɫڼףȥ·ȾѪһ㡣
ȴԡ
ûгɣֱӽڼ״ӿռָȡ˳һѪڼϣ׵ϡ
ݡ
ڼ׸ոϣֱ뵽˳ԵڣûдƵġ
ˡ
Цһ֪ڼ׵Ĺ֮һһ˹ͻԶ֣з
ϳ˱ֱһǹһÿԸ򽣴ʹá
ȻʮʱıչأȻûнļ
𡭡
ʱڣ֮ͻȻһŭĺл˿˿޺֮
û뵽ʰǼСӥǿǰȥæϻãҲ׼󷨣Աʱ֮衣
˵䣬Сӥڶ𣬳æϣϡ
ϡ
Сӥһĳ֮䣬㻮գʮ룬ʮǵִ
ǰһĻԵüͷ
ħȻôʰǣ̽ƷħѾֱ𱻴С࣬бԼо߸ѹסǷʲôھʣ̽װƷħȽ鷳񶥶ܹʰһĻһʱʰˡ¡
Եüͷ΢΢ţΧ˿Χܼϵشӽб޴󣬾۷ʦˡóԵĵĲЩǽ
·ĽڣѾѿ˴룬һɴĽ⣬ò˼ӣĽūҪˣʱ·ԲʮﷶΧᱻһǿĽ֣ͨ˸Ϳá
ΣҪ⼸ӵʱħū֣Ͳ֪Ӧ
ʵδ֪ĽūԻǾȫĶԸҪڽū֣նɱħ˼Ըūȡ󣬽Ĳռ䡣
ϻãܷ󷨰סһ̽װƷħ÷ȫһ̽װƷħ
ԶվԼԱߵϻʵ
ܣ
ϻûκԥǰħ׺һżѪ˿ʱӳٶȼ죬ħסҲ޷Ӱܿͽ˰С
衭
Ӱһ֣ϻñ۾ɢһϢзɿ߶ԡ
ϻ÷ɿţ֪һֿԳ׼󷨵ԣ˵󷨴ʦʦ֪Ĵڡ
ֻʦ֪νܹʹʦ۷
ʦһɲΧ
³̶ȣȸ߽ʦ½۷
ȻϻòٶȸޱȣΪʵָò࣬˵ǰ̽װƷħˣһʮǧ̽װƷħᱻݿɱ
ݡ
Ƭ̺ӰӰзӶ
Ƿ볣ࡣ
ˣ֪ЩŹֶҺǰħһսʲôӢۺú
࿴鳣˰ûг̲סŭȵ
һս
ЦǰħʲôʱȻʲôһսˣǰǰħ಻Ĵ͸磬պ˲ءȥǰħǹʼʩͣ͸磬ҵʣǰħɸҺһսǺǡǴֻ֪ںڰУҳ硣ӢۺúԸǰħҪֶ𣿽վǵڡ
ڣ̫ԼˣΪһ󷨴ʦİæ㲼óһ󷨣ͿסҵĻ飬˵Ρҳ֣ҵĻͿԽͷӵ󷨸Ƶ
аЦͬµϲŰЦݡ
Ŀתϻʱȴһƺ뵽ʲôһʱýϣҪྫʾжྫʣŵ˵еܡôܣôһʦ
Ҳֳ˾׵ʦݵλǿȸ߽ʦĴڣݶûж١
ǬԪ˵ʦ󷨴ʦ֣ܳôܻһʦ
ҿӣ⻹һͨʦ
ܣǺǡ
ʱߵϻԣĮضų˵ǰǰħƺһڵŰɣ֪ʷӦ֪һڴ󣬽һ޽ӽ󷨡󷨵顣
ָϻãȻŴͬħڿռл졣
ڣ󣿲ܣǰѾˣôܻڡ
ʱ˿̣Ѿֳ˿˿֮ɫ
Цûȥ˵ʲô
ո֮ԿڣȫΪϷϻá
ʱ䡣
ϻõֶεȷ൱۷ʦڵʵһӵЩʦֶΣҲҪдʱſʩչڸոշͳ뿪󣬷ûеһʱ֣ס񣬽ʱȥ
͡
ϻĲͣԿؿѾתΪѪɫ塣
һŨҵȳζ嵱ɢ
𡭡

ȻѪɫ嵱ͻȻһ־ĺУͬʱһұը
͡
Ѫɫһӿһֱɢ


386 Իħ
嵱еĳѣȴǲӰ
Ȼ̶̲һӵʱѾϻõ󷨵С
ϻãû°ɣ
æϻãǷϻϢήң˺ʱƮɢ㡣
ˣΪ˲ɱͷ̽װƷħѾص͸֧壬ڲٰæˡ
ϻóų΢΢һЦǿڵ
ϻãȽռϢҽͷ˵󷨿ԻָʵĽ֮࣬һ취ҳɣָʵġ
Ե˵ͷ˵
ǾͶлˣ
һϻõǽ˷ӡС
㲻˵ǻǺáҾʶʶһܲ˵Ķ
ۼϻýռ䣬ضų࣬һ񣬷ûбˣʹ÷ӡǰɡ
ţ˵ʲôӡķӡ
ӡ֣һʱ仹δӦдδοռ䱦ͻȻתɢһǵذİ׹⣬׹⵱ɢϤϢ뵽ʲôһģִ˵еķӡôܣǵʲôݣôӵзӡ
ʱ򣬳ףΪʲôԵϻϢˣΪʲôһˣޱᡣ
ԭܼ򵥣ϣǰħκһħΪ־ķӡ
ǰħսᱦ
½ΨһһһԸħ
ʲôݣҸ㣬֮ǰ˵Ҳ࣬ҲӦóҿԻΪΣΪޡӦ֪˰ɣΪؼΨһһ飬ҿԻΪΡ
ףȻɲǣط·Ϊ֮ɫ䣬Χе޺Ͱħ׷ͣһ𺳵ضŷ
Ǵ˵еķӡ
ؼΨһһ
Ȼٶը죬ѣȻ쳹أˣȻˣҾͰ֣Щħ
ˣе߸ˣ˵ؼΨһһλʦ
Ȼ߸ôܣ𣿡
ˡһǰħˣ߸ȻûǰħζԸ
һ𾪵ʱ򣬰ħȴǾ
ԭҪԸ࣬ʲôëͷСӣ۷ǿߡ
ؼΨһһλʦ߸
ǱΪԳδȫָ֮ʣٶȶ緢͹ȴȻδչǰðħܶأǱؽԪռ߸ȴǸ
߸֣ǰħ˵ռ磬Լ壬ʱᱻɣ
һʱ䣬еİħĿУһƬ֮ɫ
ৡ
о֮ʱһɰ׹ͻȻеްħͳͳС
׹⵱УһĿֲܡ
ʩչһֶΣǲ˵ᱻնɱ˿㣬ҪΪޣԸˣ
Ŀ׹һʵ
Ը⣡
ʱӰ׹
Ҳ˿˵Ѿޣô˵ҲһƷ۷ޣڷռ䵱һʵȻôˣЩ᲻á
ڣǴӦľޡ
⼸ħ㹻ʱ䣬Ըûô˼ӡ߸ӡŻǣ÷֣϶ɱǡ
ʱȣԸԸ࣬ΪȷһԱڷϣΨһһӡԼʦ߸峣࣬û뵽ħ߸Ŀ־Ȼߵ˳̶ȣȫס
ħ壬ȫգ
һȣϵķӡȻһߴӰһӴ֮Ũҵķ֮ӿеİħްС
߸
ܵŨҵķ֮Ǵģû˿֮ġ

һĻԺͷһۣ˿
̽Ʒħһֻ̽װƷħͬʱӡѽһȥᱻѶ뿪ȥĪ鷳ס˳Ȱħ񣬾֮Ķûˣȴʡȥ˳Ե˵ĵǡ
ݡ
׹һħȫ˷ӡС
磬Ȼħİ⻹ǵһʹħұҪӡй۲⣬Ըūҵ۲ҽĲ£ͽˡԸ˵Ļ㣬ҽħٳ㡣
һ䣬Ҳ˷ӡУӡǻһ׹⣬û˳ԵĶͷ
տʼһ̽Ʒħ÷Ӷ״ʦͻƵĽ۷ʦ̽ƷħԼһ̽װƷħ֪ܷ÷һͻƵ߽״ʦ
÷ͷӡʧԲɵĸ̾һ
Ľڴʦǻʵǻᱻ
ݡ
ͻȻһĽ˳Ե˼
ԳԴķȥǿʮѾȫѿ
·ʮףذڷš
ûƬ̣׵˿˿촫
ΧĽܼ
˿ˣ˿Ľת֮ʼɢݳĽޱȣ¾Ǹ߽״ʦʵԪᱻֱƿ
ϻõһʱڳԺ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬߽״ʦķУ϶ҲֵˣֱӾͻᱻ򽣴ġ
Сӥ
һУСӥǷӶȥСӥʱķȥ
ݡ
շɳʮأԱǷֺͻȻʮŵ콣ʮŵһ໥֮ĳϵͬʱǣƬռĽ
ĽһӵһɰزţһԵĸо
һ·ϳԸоԽҪǴ߶²ſǿס
֪Ϊ󳹵׿Եʣʹýø
һֱɳʮԲŸо̶
ԻСӥٶȷɳʮͣΡ
｣ķ̶Ѿ㹻ģͨ״ʦɵֵס΢Щ͵н״ʦԱס
վԭأĿǰûнһĶƺڵȴʲô
Ƭʱ䣬ĺǳһӰ
ǬԪߡ
ףǰˣ򽣡
Ȼֵܣ졭
˿վǳԣһӿٶȳȥӣһЩΪﵽ״ʦߣ˳ԵӿߵõıӻҲȫϵ
ֵܣȻ㣬û°ɣ
嵽ǰ棬еʵ


387 ݵλ
һԵǧĺͷսҰ˶ǴᵽŵѪζɵõ
ЦЦû£ոڵμˣмħѾǶɱˡ
ʲô޴磬ɱǼֻħʲôȼģ
ǧ䣬æʵ
ǺͰħ̵֣֪ħʵǶôǿѲ
ҲǵǵؿųԣǶٶ˽Щ֪ħöԸ
ֵϿȥƺûʲôˣǰħʵӦҲô̽Ʒɡ
ʯ۳ԣûʲôˣɵÿ˵
Ƕ֪ͬ׵İħʵҪǿ޲٣Ӵ̽Ʒħ귢𣬿һ̽װƷħ³ŲƷޣҲмܲס϶ܵˡ
Ƕ϶ԶԸİħ̽Ʒܻ̽װƷħ
̽Ʒȷ̽ƷħҲﵽ֮ࡣ
Ե˵ͷ
ԣʯɫ΢΢һ䣬ǧĵ˸ǵ̲סٶȴ𳽻Ե壬ϵȷûʲôƣ˿ʯá̽ƷħܵĻᶼûУû뵽ֵȻԶԸ̽ƷħˣħӦñɱ˰ɣ
΢΢һЦɱɱˡֻ̽Ʒħͷģ棬̽װƷħңѵİ£ѾЩħˡ
̽װƷħһģ
ȵȡֵ˵Ѿ̽װƷħҲˣ⡭ĻǼٵģ
̽װƷħ۷ʦѶԸֻеʦǿ߲ſնɱİôɱˣ
԰Ȼƿ˲ٵİħЩħʵǿЩħԶԸ̽Ʒħ¾Ȼ̽װƷħʰˣ
һʦ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ǳ𾪡ţҲȱ֮ˡ
ҲֲǣϾ̽װƷħʵʵ̫ǿˣֻеʦǿ߲ſԶԸˣ۷ʦǿ϶ܹ໥⡣
ѵƿصޣֹƷװƷƷǡޣ
Ȼ䣬һֲͷʱЩʦԺӿ
ϿƿͷޣһôͷޣѵͲƿؼͷ
ƿغޣǱʾӵеʦʵȻȲһܹа
ҵ÷򣬵ȷһֵܰ
ͬһĲ²⣬ԳԲɵø
ԭֵܲƿƷıޣҲƿ˰֮ǰǴҶˣֵܹȻ˲𡣡
ֵܣӿһɣԿԱУʱӿֶһ
һĶһȫɸ߽ɵǱ֮޴󣬸Ѱȡ
ޣȷֻк޲ſɱ̽װƷİħˡ
ʯԺðǵͷһߵǰά
ޣ
˵Ĺά֮һ㵣ܿͻȻԭǿܹ̽װƷħΪƿ˺ޡȷһԣ׾Ʒ޶̽װƷħֻеʦߺ޲ſɱ̽װƷħҲգȻǴΪƿ˺ޣҾͽʹҲ¼ɵӡȥʡȥһ׮鷳
ԲȥͣЦŵͷʾϡ
޿ʦѾǵʵһݡһ磬ֻΪﵽ˵ʦϣſɵʸ
һûеʦǲᱻϿɵġ
ǧĺԼˣһĿɿڴ
ǶڳԵıĺܣڶ̶̲ʱǰǰչ¶ʵſﵽ߽ʦˣ£Щ˾Ȼ˵ƿ˺ޣſɵʸ
ݣѾǿԺǱŵƽƽ˰
ֵܣո˵Ҳɱˣ
ʱƺ뵽ЩʲôͻȻ˵ɫء
鷳ˣӿӰţɱξǴڵǾԲưոݵģȻֵƿһǿҲ޷ڣһ
ʮ˷׷׵
ҲǲǣӿȻŲٵĶһȴֻǱڡԼڣܹ֮ΪһΪǵŵʦ
ʦ֮£ͬŴĵʦǿߡ
Ҳصġ
ִ̧ʮĻǼȥǱȻӵģҲֱͣϻýǶӰͷų¼һӰ񣬴ҿˡ
ʱǰĿռУͻȻһ˿˿һսʱ档
սǱͻħսϻ¼
ǰħħ֮û˻Ķ֡ѵ̽ƷħףǲǱ𣿱Ȼʰ
ӰôôϤˣΣħΡôܡôɰħˣ
ǰħ⡭ĻǼٵģ
ڶһɫ䣬ǶǳŴɣ¼Ӱ֪٣Ӱ첻˼ٵģ벻ףڵĵӣôͻȻɰħˣҿӣǶʱűɰħͱɰħˡ
Ȼûнͣǽγڶ˳˰ħһĻų
ڶ˳˰ħ壿ʮǰ͹˳ˡôܣĻǼٵģ
ӰǲٵģǾ˵Ĺ˳ħˣǻˣ֪вٵ߹˳ħ壬ȴû뵽ڣǰħצ
ڷչѸ٣Ϊǵŵ˲żüãԭҲֻǰħġߡ˳ħ壿뿪ˮ֮Ҿַڡ
Ҳòǳ֣ŵϢȥŵһͻɱڡǲ֪ʱڻ᲻ҵʹߡ
һҧгݣԹ֮
ԽӰûмȥĿѾﵽӿ⣬һҲ˳˰ħ壬ûвųŪĻ̡̻
ֵܰɱΣΪǳ
ʯͻȻʵֵܣҿλħսѾڱİ˽״ʦ֪̽׼Ʒİħûдﵽ̽Ʒ
ʯʻΧ߶򳽻ԣɼҲܹ⡣
̽׼Ʒ
΢΢һЦϸ˵ֻһֱ̽Ʒ۷尵ħ廹࣬వħеֶζӲȻ̽Ʒ۷尵ħսǿ̽Ʒڰħɡ


388 
ȻδӴ̽ƷڰħƲһҲ

˵ξȻ̽Ʒħʯһɵˡ̽ƷڵİħʵȻǿ˳̶ȣ
̽ƷƷħǿεȳ̶ȣ
ȷֻеʦʵǿߣſշ
һ̣ǶڳƿߺޣҲû˿ɣȫˡ
Կ˵ı飬ʱ³ǵ˼
ҲȥͣΪͨ̽ƷħǿԽģ߽ǶĶ̣սԲŻԵʵ൱ĳ̶ȡ
ҲΪڱ϶̶СԼо߾ס̽Ʒħԭˡ
ʱ򳽻ԵĿ⣬¶֮ɫ
ǻΪο뽣ʱѾ뽣նɱ˶İħֱ˫֮Ĳ࣬Եơ
λҲصģ뿪ˮںھͻһʱڣͬʱ֪ͨŵĸǰŵʵھ޷ѡ
ʮվ̬´õĻܻӿǱȻҪôʩ
ټֵܺޣھ͸ӲˡԨǱͻȻЦ˵
ΧĴʦ׷׸ͣʾͬ⡣
ʮɿЦһƺһ˵ĿУԵĵλǱںڣҪ߳٣˿ء
λ˿뽣󴦵ĺĽѾǸ޷Ľ󣬿ĽǾ޷ýնͨĲͨԣǱҪ취Ľ󡭡
Գ˵
ͬʱĿصضǰܼݵĽ
ԵĻɫأͬǰ
ҸոմӺĽǱ߸ϹĽʮɣʮūĽⷽԲʮڣ佣ǳܿƾǸ߽״ʦ޷ֵסԲʮڵĽֻ߽״ʦϵ߲ܿ£λһͬ취ܹĽ󡣡
ֵܣ⽣޴󣬸˹ǿֻһƽ˽С𿪿˵
ԿˣǶʱ䶼òʲô취Բȥʡ
һƽ˽⽣󣬳뵽ռݵķΧ㷺оʲô
ҲûķˣǴҾһƽɣ״ʦµǿ߾;Ҫǰˣⷢʲô⡣
κ󣬳Ե˵ͷ˵
ʯһ˴㣬ҲȥѯʳԾ뷨ͽԵ˼ȥ
ڳԵĻûһǲӵġ
ܿ죬һ״ʦϵߣվǰµ˺
Կۣӿߣûһ˺ġ
սҰǧĵ۰Ͱ͵ؿɵÿЦһȻҲţҾ͸ÿ˰һƷɡ
⼸˺ԼʶǧĺͷսҰ˺ϵ㲻Բϣǳ£ȻҲȥȻҪ߰һƣǰƽʮκΣա
ٺ١
ǧĵ˲ɵЦ
ȻҶѾ׼ãǰƽ￴
Կ˵
ԳΪףڶ߷׷ǰƽ
Щ߾󲿷ֶﵽ״ʦϵΪֻи𼸸ֶΣ˱Ÿ
տʼǰһ·˽̶ӣûиܵκ
ռеϻҲûзһ˿
Լǰƽϻûпڡ
ĬĬڳɫΪأȫش߶ʵԪ
ΪһЩˣѾЩƵһЩֶλ˰æѾ˲ˡ
ΪЩ𣬳ٻ˼Ϊˡ
ȻǸûǱ֤ǵȫΪãԲǲӿߡ
ˡ
һֱʮ·ϻǿˣЩƺЩһϸһ¡

ͣ½Ų
ͣæͣ
ԾܣޱȷŴʯȴûиܳʲôһ
ˣʩչһ׽ԣסҪ߶͵سɡϻٴο˵
ô
Ե˵ͷһ̣齣Ȼʣһƿնˮգɱ
һûκλΣҲûκֻΪһ
ֻһУȴۺ˳Զڽ
ţҵľ֮
Ȼ֣еľ磬΢΢һƺøΪʵǽԭ򣿲ԣ׼ȷ˵ǺĽԭĽʩչĥ⣬طֱһأ
أûһء
ֻԽ֮һߡ
ߣڴĥ⣬һõչȻԴ
и𽣵ţ˵ھ統۳֮ɱΡ
֮ǽ֮裬ͨ޲۳ӵо֮׾ٵԽɱУལĶ
Ե۳֮֮û̫˷ܣΪ֪Լ·ܽڽһ
ھ巽棬裬ԪͬҪʮٱԪͿ׵ԽɱС
¼ȻһأԶȻҪٶĥ֮
λ
˷ܵתˡ
˿ڿڣһϣµԹǷʲô
Ի˵ǰȻһΣޱȵĺĽ󣬽ݺᣬΣޱȣҸոѾ֣һѵõأ԰Ǵ
ʲôأļٵģ
԰أû˵İֹʵѵһǾ𣿡
ǰʵǰҪƿأΪǳԾ˿ͷطȻ԰
ģǾʵ̫ˣĿ԰ʲôС
ԵĻе߶Ƿ
ѵһʲô
ܹˮͱʾŵеλͬѰ츳ϼѣõԴҲǱܹȡ
һǵľȥˣԪΪ϶Ҳһ̵ܶʱ
֪ǲġ
ųԣͫż֮ɫ
ߵ֮ʵ츳ǿֻκξ޷ȥԻͣ۷ʦ߽״ʦֻҪٸһʱ䣬ͿͻƵ߽״ʦ


389 չغ
߽״ʦʵԶͬ׶֡
ȷһأλĴǡֻ
Կ˵ı飬΢΢һ̾˵ֻأֻʺ߽һߣΪĽĽɢĽĥߵ־Խ츳߳ߣŰ˳ɵļ۳֮֮ĺôŲ˵˰ɣ
ֻʺϼһߣѵͨ߾ͲҲ̫ƽ˰ɣ
ô죿һҵľȡͻƵ߽״ʦءĻһҪȶòͻƵ߽״ʦ
Խ۾֮찡ôܣһ棬ܹ۳֮ĽߣԲᳬʮǬԪ߼ܳٸأȻ԰۾֮
֮ǿǽĶߵľǽһʼնΪΪؾߣ֮޷ۣкʸԳƽޣ
һ߶Ƿ˫ضųԡ
ٰ˳ϵߣһɻεؿųԡ
ǲǽޣ޷ʲô֮ĶܹĽɢݳĽĥ⣬
ѵҪջϲһ𣿡
ԺĻΪ֮ĬпЦѡ
ѵóһᣬƺҪʧˡ
ǺǣʵȷĽɢĽһصĲʩչעκܵǣĥĽ⣬Ӷ츳ϼߣпܳɹ۾֮Ϊеһߡ
ߣ֮޷̸ۣţ
ݡ
ݡ
һԵĻæǰʩչһ׽
ûκȴݺᣬӣǲ׵Ľ
ˣʩչ֮ʱоԽڲӣͺƽʱֻܺһˮܹһͰû˿˵˵ֻҪȥҶԽ򣬳ԴﵽԲأʱ֮ҿۣͻγɡȻһأӦ˵ʥأǬԪҲһʥ
һͻȻ˷ܵش
һЩޣʩչ󣬸ܵԼı仯ϲޱȣò
ģȻġѵֻн޿Ϊʲôǰû߽һҺúڰ
Ҳĺڰ֪Ҵ̥ͿʼϽһ˵ҲһţһЩʱ䣬۳֮ʱұȻҵĿǣ¾ǿҪӼˡ
ĽЩްҲǽ߾ͺˡϧˡ
߿ܵĽͺǳҩ󣬿ǰһǰŮҪʱȴͻȻǹ٣޵ĳ嶯
Կ˵ķӦҲһΣȻˣҲ޲ߡ
޴ڽԽ⣬ò˶೤ʱ䣬۳֮ˡ
Ϊź
ʱͻȻܵռдһ˿΢Ĳ
ţ޴ˣ
һ֪˷ռ䵱еһ˱չأ״̬˹
ԲɵһϲոڿҪҪЩʱ䣬޴ѹ죬֮ȴû뵽ʱ˹
⾭Ȫˮķռ˶Сӥް󣬶޴ǵİǸ󰡡
ܵ򽣵ɢǿϢԵв¶ŨŨϲ֮ɫ
޴磬꣬ϲǵʵ
Եڷռ
ʱһ˿ռ䣬ûȫؽռ䡣
ԣ⻹Ƭռ䰡
򽣸ܵԵľ񲨶ɵôЦԵ緢
ǰųһʵˣΪƬռԭû뵽Ҷ̶̶ʮʱ䣬Ϊ֮ࡣڶʮ֮ǰֱͲ󰡡
һԵҲǴЦޱȡ
Կ˶ǷǳˣҲΪǸˣʱ򽣵ʵĳ̶ȣʵǲС
򽣵ΪȻǵ۷Σ߽״ʦֻһšȻδͻƵ߽״ʦţʵԲһ߽״ʦ٣ͬһΣ߽״ʦ֮޵С
΢ЩҲǴﵽ׺ڴʦƾʵȻЩ۷ʦ
ˣΪҲһﵽ״ʦĲΣµޣҲﵽƷ
ַǿ治ǻᱬôǿĹ
٣˽״ʦǾԵֵסġ
޴硭
ԡ
޴˵
ԿȲҪڵ򽣣ɵЦЦ
ţ͸㿴ٺ٣ǧȰ
ЦţͻȻһݣһ̣ǰз·һƷ
ǡ֮
Զʱɵۣ
ת˲вɵ˷ޱȡ
޴磬ϲ㣬ɹ۳˾֮
ԵΪϲ˵޴磬ҲиϲҪ㿴㿴ⶫ֮󣬿϶ǳ˷ܵġ
Ŷҿ˿϶˷ܣҵҪʲôö
ҲΪڴ
΢΢һЦж˵չضʮ죬Ҳȥɡ
ͻȻƺ뵽ʲôٶȶ򽣵޴磬Ϊ˲ٳУԡҾ䡣ȥ
޹ؽҪҰŸݼɡ򽣵Ǹɴ࣬˿ںЩ
Ե˵ͷϻðæ򽣵òһŴ򽣵뿪˷ռ䡣
ţЩʲôˣôͻȻ
ƺֵܵˣѵЩһֱĿռ䱦ôͻȻˣˣӦǵһأѵõԴ˵оͻһã֮
סϺǿϢƺȫﵽ״ʦرǸվֵԱߵӣϵϢǿȻﵽ۷ʦˡ
ˣûע⵽һ񿴹ҸоͺһƿҸоҵľ綼նһ㡣֣һ֣ǵûһĶ֡
ͻȻһȺˣе޲ǾǸܵ򽣵ɢϢ־ɶʱ𾪡
Ǻǣλ𾪣ЩǶҵֵܣҽһ֧СӣǶеĳԱҸҽһ£λ졣


390 ﵽĿ
ָָһԵ򽣣˿򽣵òѾȫı䣬Ϊİ
ıòĻ˿òһģһٻһЩǡ
Եһ򽣣ʯ˷׷׶򽣹˹֣ʾѺá
ȻҲЩ˹ֻ
޴磬ʩչһ׽ԣҪκԪܸܵʲô
ͻȻ򽣴˵ͬʱݸһ
ý
򽣽ӹ΢ظ£Ź⡣
ǳնɱκõĳһϳ˱
ϣ
һ̣еĳȻʣһʱգȻûκܣȴ·նص⣬ó˵Ϊ֮һ㡣
ǳԣҲһ
ý
˶ǴϺã
һߣΪﵽ״ʦĲΣ񱳾ĽǼߵĲΣϣԽ򣬾޷򽣱ȼ硣
ԣһɢĽеЧȻҵľ֮ܵǣһò˶೤ʱ䣬ҵľ֮øΪʵرҵľ
򽣸ΧĽϲɫ˷֮Ա
ݡ
еĳٶȻһϴɢˣ·˲仯һ
ƫ桢ݽ¡

ÿ̤һϵĽʢһ֣һһ΢ƿ
ܿ죬˱Ƿ֣ΧĽøܼӵش⣬·ԲǧڵĽȫܵһ˵ǣ
⡭޴ˣ£޴粻ǽʦһҲ
Կǰ򽣣ޱ̾
һ֮ͨʱڽһָ࣬ǳǸʱ򳽻Ծ֪ڽϵĳɾͣǳȣΪطգԿ۳֮
ոڷռ䵱չʾ֮ʱԱ㷢֣ԼС򽣡
Ȼ¡
Է֣ڽ棬ԼС򽣣ȫ
Եû˿֮ģеֻΪĸˡ
Ϊ򽣶ˡ
֮Ǿ֮˾˭ΪʲôҴû˵һ۳֮ߣΪ˵ܼ϶ĳӴŵӡ
찡Ǿ֮ǽ㲻һʱ䣬϶͵͵۳֮۳˾֮Űһнš
ܹ۳֮ģһǽšΪ۷ʦʦûﵽѾֹǽôˡǿ۳֮ģһΪͻƵ˵ʦ꣬ƾϰ򣬲۳ľ֮
߿չֳ֮һǾ̾ޱȡ
ݣ
ͻȻǰȻһ٣һ콣Ȼ
죬ҪһâҪ⽣ȡ֤
콣ĳ֣ǰΧܵĽʱԼͬɢ

һ̣һǿľ񲨶ϱ
߽״ʦԭΪҪʱ޴ͻƣû뵽⻹һӣ޴羹Ȼͻˣ
ԿһĻʱ˷ޱȡ
Χˣһɵˣǰ򽣺ƿһ㡣
һͻͻˣŹ˶ãһûУȻͻƵ߽״ʦ⻹ҪҪ˻˰
ʥôȷһֵǵʥذθǹĽиˣʮа˾ŶͻƵ߽״ʦ
ܹϱһߣʲôҶԸ⡣ҵūͣҲĸԸ
ūͣҵūҶԸ⡭
˼۵ʱͻȻһӰȺзӶգۼ򽣵ǰֱ˫ϥ£λֵܣΪͽҳΪһߡֻҪҳΪһޣʲôҶԸ⡭
˵ţߵҪͷȥ
ţ
üͷ΢壬û뵽ԼͻƣȻһĻ
ܿ죬ͨеĹؼڽ˵һʥأչ²۳֮ҲõĥҪǣ϶дȵ
ܹĸ߲룿
ǿɲԼˣŷռ䣬̶һʱ䣬Ϳ˵Ϊü׼
ڴҪԼΪʦԺ𳽻ԵľɵЦű֮ˣȻʦŴУҲΪʦ
ҿ˳ڵʦţֻҪϡ˶ʱԭȰɣΪ˵õ÷չΪɲϣݻ谭ķչ
Χ˿û˿رӻ߷ŭǳϣڴ
УͰʯԨǱʮ
˿ĺѾ𽥼
Ļ˰
ǺǣȻ˵ΪʦֻҪϼǵΪһԱԺפУҵѵôҲڿԶʱΪһߣõ벻ĺô
򽣶ߣȻȻǰǣҪȫҵȫųģҲ㱳жıһϳһΪ
ų죡
æתųԹ֣˹
򽣶ҪʵʲôҪ󣬶ǽʦŽһɣ˿ûΥǵ׼ûа㿹ܡ
û˵˭ų˿򳽻ʱĹĿ⣬˶µõ
ӽ쿪ʼֵˡ򽣴Ц
Ц䣬Χеߣ˲
ֵܣ
ֵܣʯˣһҪҼ
ֵܣҪҼֵܳҵ÷򰡡

΢΢һЦ˽һ򽣣ʲôû˵
Ŀģȴشﵽˣ
ãȻԸǴڿʼҶֵܡ
Եͷ֣˵һұҪǰ˵ǼֻΪ˳Ϊߣʥؾ˹ӲţȾ۳֮ұضŻûκɽ
ޡųǼǲҪפУ
һ״ʦѯʵ
˶ʱųԵĻش
ԿˣͷеĳԱȻһҶǵҪʮϸûҺ׼κ˲׼뿪ԸűҷҿԱ֤һڡ


391 һǧ
һ㣬ԱҪϸ̹ףЩ˴˿Ҫ򽣶ԽԼҲΪһޣΪ
Ǿͻƺ󣬴뿪ˮʮа˾Żȥ֮ģܹ;״ʦΪһУںĵӣᱻصôȫɡ
ûɵʵѾҪȫԼɣһûмܹҪ˼һ
ȻԵĻһʱ䶼Ĭ
ȻɣʵȴȫԼɣһʱ䶼ǽܲˡ
ҲߴٴңȷһѾ⡣
ɣ˵ʦͶ֮˵㣬Ǳˡ
ǲȻǲὫ֪ʶڸǣǰһΪĻᣬɾҪװ˷ˡ
ڼ뿪ˮЩҲûֻһ뵽ԵĿʵǲֶΣͷޣֱӴͷ
۷ʵڵɿԵ޶ֵס
ֿµǣǵû
ֵܣҸˡ
ʱڳƬ̺ǻڡ
㡭
ʮɫ΢䣬ô
Ҳһ
ʮȻڽϵȲ죬ҲǾʮ꣬㲻ھҴڸ㡭
лֵĺ⣬ֻǣҼȫΪ˳Ϊһޡ
˰֣ŵ
Ϊ˳Ϊһޣǡʮʱ
ΧĻҲһĺ棬
΢΢һЦ˵֮Ҫð뿪ڣʦŵͽķնҪȻΪ˳Ϊһô򵥡ΪģΪҿһƣֵܵһƣҾãߵúԶ߳ӿ߳ǬԪ߳ޡСΪĲܹгһճΪ۷ǿ𣿿һǹԼУҪ²ܹ߳Ƭգ
Ե죬û뵽Ȼôġ
ʮЦ֣ǽǵУԴȡ
ʮĻû˵꣬Ǳϣ֪˵ʲôҸ㣬ݵȷĺôҲΪݣεǵ˼롣ΪΪŵصӣͿгһճͷءʵȻ˵ĹָĲǵˣǵ۹⡣ڴУ̧ͷܿģֻǵţǵĿǡȥǺʱܹ߳ƬأӹĴ½
һϯʱʹó˼
㱼䣬ƺʲôкһȻ򿪡
ǶԵģ
ʮڳĬƬ̺ͻȻЦһֵܣұһޣ㲻ΪͷҼɣ
ֵܹ֮ãᷴԡ
гޱȣӦ
ҲֵܣгһտԳ׵سͷأ½۷塣
Ҳŵ֪ǲμǳŭǿ϶Ϊ
һҲѡȻҵԺһ
ʮںΧԭȻߣ׷׿ڣʾԸ
Բɰ˴ĴָҲһ۰ٻ֮˲Ը£Ѿķ֮˾ˡ
ķ֮ĿѾһǧˡ
Ʋ࣬Ǹ״ʦϵΪԭǸɵһˣǱ޴
Щͳͳ뵽Уԣһ̱ı仯
Լ˵ǼһЩϢȷЩԸ
ڼ䣬ŲٵȨһ󣬸ż뵽
ͳʱһǧһʮ˼
ȵһԱгԱһǧˡ
ƱҪ׳١
ǰˣгڴ
ʮʯԨǱҲǼ뵽УǧķսҰˣҲһż뵽УȻʵЩԻǾǼ
ͳƺ󳽻Ե֪¹ʮ۷ʦʣµĳﵽ״ʦ
ĥţûʲô취ʮ۷ʦȫͻƵ߽״ʦ
ʵ벻ʲôֱӵİ취Щ֮Կ۷ʦ޷ͻƵ߽״ʦȫΪԭ޷߽״ʦΪ
۷ʦͻƵ߽״ʦһСĿҪͻƣԾǿҪ󼫴һٸ۷ʦУҲһܳɹͻƵ߽״ʦ
ͻʸߴٷ֮һ
źĽɵʥأ԰ߴȵ
Խˣȫ뵽ռ䵱У򽣴ǽ֪ʶ
ռʯˣ޲Ǿ֡
ΪռеԪŨ̶ȣȻǱŵػҪߣǿԸܵռ䵱УһŨҵϢطһʱ䣬ǵԪΪҲǿ׳࣬ۺʵ
һΣǶԭɣȫƽ
׺ˣԲûмǿʼƱоߵ޵ꡣ
ȻЩ޵꣬ľõһЩΪޣҲǿƴֿĿ΢ӵѶȡ
ȻһֶֻǷƷϣƷޣֱöԷϿƵġ
Ʒ޸ľҲǲСʱȥ󣬳Կ޵꣬ҲĽڴʦĽ۷ʦĲΣһͻƵ״ʦ
ʱ򽣴ڸ˵Ľ֪ʶѾﵽһ̶ȣٴȥҲܹ򽣾ʱ뿪ռ䣬翪ʼ
ĽһͨĻ˵ֳͨϸʵá
ǿȽ׶ߣ󣬶ǿ߶Խ̶ȡ
ǾǸոճΪߣָô߼Ľ
Դ˳ûзԣһн򽣴
һ죬һϢҲóԾܡ
硭
ԺУͻȻħѾҸˣ
ˣ
ǰһֱ÷磬һٶȻǿ졣
ǰһͷ̽Ʒħǻʱ䣬½ͽ̽Ʒħһ̽װƷħٶ౶


392 Ѫӡ
죿⼸Ҿʱɶоħ÷ҽһ̽װƷħ̽ƷħֻҪʱǿн
ҡҡͷ˵
ʱԲһۡ
̽װƷȱ˵̽Ʒħʹﵽ𰡣ȻֻҪСʱܽ
ǰʱ⻹Ϊʵ̫ԭҵʵһ㣬ֻҪӾܽ̽װƷħˡ
ƺʱһ㶼֡
ʵһ㣿
ɰħʵȻõϸܷɢϢ
ǰһ̽ƷħʵʹӶ״ʦͻƵĽ۷ʦνǲ졣
̽ƷħԼһ̽ƷħҪǿ̽װƷħӴʵεȵز
δԼϵϢԳԺܿ͸ܵϵԪ۷ʦ
Ȼ̽Ʒħһֻ̽װƷħΪٶһȽףͻ״ʦ״ʦֱ۷ʦ
ʵٶȣǳԶ㼵ˣΪͻָ۷ʦٶȲ֪˶١
ʵ۷ʦڷ۷ʵԣʲô
ֻҪ㹻簵ħǡıԴ÷ָΪ
ԣͲͻһ˵ǻָ
ͨͻǰȻ㹻Ļ۲У񲻱أֻҪ㹻ʵˮɡ
ףΪη˵ʵЩԸ̽װƷħֻҪӡ
ʵﵽ߽״ʦķ񣬶Ը̽װƷħ治ҪС
磬ҵΪָ۷ʦ󣬹ƻȼͣһЩʱ䣬Ҫָ߽״ʦҪЩӴҪ̽װƷħʮϵϳ˱ʮ۷屦
񿪿˵
Ҫôࣿ
һü̽װƷħҪҵҵģֻܶԱ֣ȻҪıʵЩӴʮϳ˱һʱ֪ȥŪ
ǰŸոŪϳ˱һԼŲСֱꡣ
ڵΣ϶ϳ˱ЩˣҲһϳ˱һûС
ɲ񹦷ԴһЩ츳Ÿ֣ҲԴɱҪѶȿɾ͸ˣһн״ʦҪϳ˱Ŀʵ̫͡
ҳҲܰϡ
ʵʱǺͻˡ
ҡҡͷȥ⡣
µʵҲ㹻ӦˣȻ۷ʦţʵԶԸ˽״ʦʩչƵĻ´ʦû˻Ķ֡
ס磬Щôˣסе˼ȻӰ쵽ߵľ磬һӣʵȻõĿһתΧʱ
ԵͷĽ¸˷񣬲ҸԼѾȫ뵽УĹģѾﵽһǧˣ̵Ϊ
磬ȻɵؾշôˡЩ츳ŵȻʲôŷӡڣֻҪǿŬɾ;Բš
ڴڳԵٴǳ⣬Щ˵Ϊﵽ״ʦˣȽ󣬹ǵΪ۷ʦͻƵ߽״ʦʱҾ´һ׹
Ŷ㴫ʲô
Ժʵ
÷˹ˣʱһʱڴ
ٺһЦ磬׹϶ʧġѪӡӦûɣҴ㴫ڸǵĹѪӡ棬Ѫӡ
Ѫӡʲô
Ծ
ѪӡǼǵúһϳ˹
ʱΪ֮ʱʩչѪӡȻԶԸ״ʦɼǺ֮
ЦѪӡϸ˵һ׺³˹ˡ
³˹
Բɾüʵ³˹Ѿ漰Ԫ£ֻеʦǿ߲
һԣǴеӵܣΪûдﵽʦҲ³˹Ϊʦ޷Ԫ£̸³˹
еˣ˵ʦǸ߽״ʦҲһˡ
ٺһЦǰһѪӡѾһǧǧ֮аǶʱڽѪӡ֮һţǧ֣ʦ֮ܵǵһٸͻƵ߽״ʦǵʦҲʰ
ʰʦ
ɵһ
ʦʹʦȫΣһûһʦԶǲɣԴȥ
˵ʦѾһɣݵλǴʦܱȽϡ
𿴳ô⣬һʦǿߣҪжԶܶԶ
Ǹʦҵ֮ǰѾ˷ռ䡣
磬ҲץʱɣҿھѾĽ۷ʦֻһͻƵ״ʦɱ˷ôõһᡣ
һ˵ҽͺúùעЩˣЩֵصġŲޣҲˡ
˵ţЦЦ򽣣ٴųԡ
ڽʵ϶в˸޴һͻƵ߽״ʦҲͣĽ״ʦ


393 ̵ĿǱ
Ի齣ֱǰȥ
ĽַΧʮѾǰʮԽǰķ̶ԽԽѳܡ
ԽӿĽôԣԸԵĥ⣬ǿԽ⡣
Բר޽ڽҲԼصȻ㲻ΣԳһ壬ʺ
Ҳ޷齣һԪָ߳µĽˡ
ҵǿȣֱӳ嵽ʮ֮ڣʮڣǰѶȾҪˡ
ǰͬʱûʩչǲϼӿٶȣƽ⡣
ոսе˷ųռʱ͸ˣԽӿĽʩչʱõĺôԽ΢±֤ʵһ㡣
˶ǰƽ·㿿Ľʮ󣬾˶޷ټǰˣΪеɱѾܳܵļޣǰĻȻһˡ
ҲС
ֻһЩΪﵽ۷ʦˣſԽǰʮڡ
ʮһڽǰʮǰƽʮ̲ס֪ͣԼִܵļޣ￪ʼʩչĥ⡣
һǰʮﷶΧڣ˴ʱѾǲòǴ߶£żǰƽ
ʮ˵κ󣬳ͣΣΪҲܵǰĻԼϵ۶һ𣬹ƾͻᱻֱƿ
ʱҲֻϳڼ׽зˡ
һԴ㽫䵱ĥ
ų廹ǲ򵥰һ㶼
Ըͣ£ԶʯͻȻЦ˵
Цһоô
ųȻǶԽ򻹲ǺܵλѾԸܵˣò죬۳ԼĽ⣬һ۾֮ʯ˵
Ե˵ͷ
ųԣȻǲŸոճΪޣǵӱϾڣԶǼ֮ҹ죬ͻ⣬۾֮ĵ·ˡ
ߵ˵
ʱ˸ոտʼںĽԼûмĴ߶ָ˵С
޴ˣ
Ц˵
Цһڵһ漣һأ㲻ࡣܹ֤ЩСһǵ붼еѪҺڡ֪ⳡǻɳεȵز
Եͷȷһ漣½ˮҲֻôһҲڶĵطʥأò˶೤ʱ䣬ΪһΡ
տʼû̫ģʶڽϵ󣬳ȫţ漣϶ᵮǴȥ¾ӿЩἫΪȰɡ
Ǹʮģڽ츳ò˶೤ʱ䣬Ϳ۳֮ˡ
򽣺Ȼָָһ˵
˳ָķȥǿʮȫս֮γһĹɣܱ߽Щ𵴡
ǸģʱҸҽڽ֪ʶۣҾˣ˿ʮ˵Щ˽ڽɾ˭϶Ƕ˵һ
ָŲԶ˵
ʮ𣿡
΢΢ͷʮڽϵ츳óʮ˾ͺһ㣬޼᲻ݵĸоûпֻ֪츳ѣû뵽ڽҲ츳
ˣһڽҲ츳һ㲻ʮֻΪЩˣһǧĵŮ򽣺Ȼ˵
ǧģڽȻҲжص츳
⵹óԸеЩ⡣
ǰ֮ǰҪԽûӴ˷ϸָһҲϵˣò˶ã⣬Ӷ۾֮ˡ
׵ˣǾ޴ָˡǲֻ֪ǧ۳֮
츳ȷǸߣ⣬и츳ߵġһЦŵ
ȻбǶ˸ߵģ˭
̶
ʲô̶
ԶʱŴͣǼǵú̵츳ƽƽ
򽣿Եı飬ЦûһǰЩʱ䷢ֵģһֱûü㡣ϻǰ˵̶Ϊ֮۱׼ص츳ͳͳ⽣츳֮һȻҲ֪֮۵ôǿǱ츳һҼʵû˵
ȻܹǱ츳
Ҳһ𺳡
ÿ˶Ǳ츳ڽ츳ˣҲŶص츳ֻδܿˡһ˵Ǳ츳һȫΪľţеţе
ŷѩľ塢ϵĿԪȵȣҪվ
ֻǣܹǱ츳ƺ½û˵ɣ
ǿеǱ츳ˡ
ֱһΪ
ϢǴ˳ȥݵ۷ǿߣǰճΪͽ
˳ΪͽǽԴΪĽ
ȥܹѪʵˣ½ûκ˸ҵ͹Ǳ츳ȫĿ¡
̶ĳɾͣضᳬҰ
и̾ȴԵĸˡ
Եĸ̾򽣿Цһ˵ԣοɲ´ˣ̶Ȼ츳ˣδ˼棬ȫһΪʲô˵߲ȱʵǿˣΪǾ춯أһ࣬һҲ١һȴֻϻһˣ־ҪԽϻãԺһܸİ


394 ʮ
ԣԶʱٸн
ò˵һ޴ĸ
˭ӵǿΪһǰм÷
Ϊ˳ΪΨһԸԼˣȴǷӵǿΪĻᣬר
ԺȻãԼЩǷ˳̡
ƺ֪ƵģЦŵ̶˵ҲþԼǷʲôһжԸġ
ǡ
ΪʲôԺлĻǱǿΪǵҫǳҵҫ
𣿡
Ե˵ͷǸǳû̫ĹУȻǳǿûкʵĻᣬҲҪᡣ
ʲôûҪֻϣܹǱǿܹȥɣ
Ի˵޴磬ǵͽˣһĽȥ
Ľ󣿡
ɫ΢䣬üΪĽǵ³ܲסοȻֶĶ࣬ʵΪϾĽڴʦҿҿĽΣ
ĽʮܷǰѾǵΪˡҵֶΣ޴ķҲþܳء
ԺٺһЦΪԼ򽣣·΢΢𣬶һһڼ׻޴磬ڼ׿һϳ˱ƾǰ˽״ʦÿƿƾڼףҵķͳء
㾹ȻŪһϳ˵ڼףķǳˡ
򽣵ͷ֮ɫҲܴ⣬Ľл֪ЩΣءʲô⣬˳ɣһ԰ȫΪ
Ǻǣ޴ģһСעġ
ЦŵͷҲٶԣתǰȥ
ٶȵǷ˲٣ûǰһô죬һǰߡ
ʱ󣬳ͣ˽Ų
Ѿߵ˾Ľֻʣʮĵطϵ·ͱи飬Ǵ߶£޷ֵסķâϳڼףߵ
ֻΪﵽƷϵޣܹߵɡߣ¾Ѱ߽״ʦߵ
ǰͬĽüͷ΢΢š
һ·˽֮⣬ûܷκ˵ҲĽķ
Щʵ̫󣬸ûİ취Կҽɾ硣
ԳΣջε̾һֻǻЩʱ䣬ɾˡ
ʵʹҲǼΪΣϾŸսСɣʱû̫Ŀܽɡ
˽ɾ磬ûбİ취Ľ򽣵һȺԣǲϣ
ԼСӥҲǳ԰ɣ˵ǵķԶңԸӿĽء
ǱϾ࣬ڷ棬ԶСӥǸġ
ͷһԽСӥоߵһȺﵽƷϵޣȫٻ˳СӥԼһ£ǳڴ᲻ֲס
ԵĻСӥҲסеʣûнѯʣϸܱߵĽƬ̺Сӥȿڵ磬ĽΪûͻƣ»ֱӽгɷ飬ڵʵ˺ҡ
ߣǶ䣬أ
üͷ΢΢ͷʵ
ˣҲɵسס
оߺ߽Ƕ䶼ǵͷҲһš
ޣЩܣĽδв
ˣطĥǵǰ
ڳ˼ҪҪͨƷȫջطռʱСӥͻȻ˵ЩȻɱ޴󣬿ڷռһ󣬲ʵҲõ죬˿ںܿͻϡĽɱ޴󣬵Ļÿǿǵ塣
Ŷ޵ǾȻҲԵõ죿
ԲɵһϲǵЩʱ䣬Ҳ޴ˣ͵ͷǺãЩƷޣǡ
ǰĽһصͼǰɣҵҪپ롣
֪ˣ磩
СӥͷͫЩ˷ܺʹǼʵ󣬲֪ĸҲ໥֣һÿǱһ
ţСĵ㣬Сȥɡ
Ե˵ͷ֣
ݡ
Իһ䣬СӥޱǻһӰӷӶʵĽУܿʧԵľŸɢȥͱնɷ顣
ڣ⼸޶žϵ֪ǵ״
СӥӳٶȾͶȻ󲻵òȫͣ£һߡ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊǰ󣬽Ѿȫʵʻͷ·ıһ浶ǹ޴СӥǶ
ҪĽ󣬾ͱҪɾ簡
Եޱأȥ۲Сӥǣʼǡ
ˡ
Ȼʱٳδκķ̲ס̽ԵؿڣȻһ׻ԵĹĽҲͨǽȫΪĽתǣڻ˵ԽתΪ֮𡣡
ҪɣҪʵٶ̣һڼסһ۳ڼףϵϳڼ׻Ҫǿ׼뿪ˮû۳һڼס뿪ˮİ취ûУֻǰˡ


395 ֮ңʧ֮
ͣ˷ĻҲ΢΢˼¾ϡ
˵вٵĻܷ۳ڼףȴû㹻ġ
ԭܼ򵥣Ҫ۵ڼ׵ȼ̫ߣҲҪǧŻ㹻Ǵ뿪ˮҲ÷ƣȴǲܵȥˡ
Ȼû㹻ĻǱ㰴շ˼
ڼףǱ۽ڼס
ûʲôÿǵˣϣھͿʼ
ֹͣ˼ѾǿٵתǣһɹɻԪ֮ˮӿɫĹȥһ
Ŀֱǰǧ͵һҧ̤
Ѿߵܵļޣǰ̤һҲ֮ˣ˿̤һǵصĽ˲佫ٶ֣һɾǿķڣҪԵ顣
ͦס
ԵڵԪعעڼ׵Уǿס˷ĳ
ʵ˵ڼ׵ֵס˽˵ǳԼ
ΪڽɱʱȻûƿڼ׵ķȫ£·𱻸̿һ㣬ʹҧɡ
ΣһҪסڿĲҵʵҵ־廹ܳס־ȴǳܲˣǽ̤ۣ֮طˡ
Ŀ⽥ŭһƽʹȫˢɾ
øЩɣҪҳԸ򽣴ģҾȽǸɵ
ĿȻӿǵתһȦʵʰĻɫڼףϡ
ڼ˵ʵʻû۵㣬ǹǿһ̶ȣɾͻὫ飬
һ㹻ĻԪ֮۳ʵڼףʮٱʱ˵ǰ˽״ʦǾŽ״ʦܹƿ
ݡ
ڼ׵ĳ֣һͬʵʰĽʱ˳ԵܣΧһó˿ȥͺһס˵塣
һ̣ԵѾǱޱأ˿Ĵ⡣
˿аиȻᱻ˲ʳɷ顣
ϾǽûʵʻȻͨ幦Ҳ޷աڼںϣһ׽ڼסİ취ֻǿĽʵʽɽڼס
ڼѾ𽥳ѺۣɫԽأ˿ɣٶӿ죬ǰжȥ
ȻڼԼһϳ˵ڼףɳȻǲҼӿٶȡ
ķСӥǣһСľͻᱻƿӶ򽣴ģ֪ôġ
һ룬Щܲס
ڼףѾǳѺۣɫĹΪ貣ͬҹе̻Ŀ
ڼ׳Ѻۣһϳڼϣҵʹóؽҧɫ԰ף˿˿Ѫ
²ǵܵļޣҲǵڼܳܵļޣǰĻڼ˵ֱӱݻ٣ʱҵ״̬۳һڼףҲǼΪؼѰ
üµ鷳ˡ
ǰһ·ͻʵʻĽʱһҽʵʽڻԿԽתΪ۳һʵڼף۷屦
гţʱһ۷ڼףϳ˵ڼףҶþͲˡȻ鷳Ҳȡ֮ʡϳڼס֮ңʧ֮
²ǳɵʱ򣬳Ժܿ˾ϣ֪ԼľǶԻ֪ԼҪƴһѣܺˡ
͡
󣬳Խڼ壬ϳ˵ڼֶһڼϣʱʱƵ졣
ٵȥˣڼ׸Ͳ֪֧Ŷʱ䡣
ڽ䵽ڼʱѾʱʱػһۡ
ȻǺܳȴҲԿ϶ڼײ֧̫ʱ䡣
Ŀǰ˫͵ŵ棬Ѹȥǰ
һ̣ԽԼķƺȫϵϳڼס
һڼ飬ԼҲȻᱻ򽣴ģʳɷ顣
ݡ
ĽУԾͬһƬˮϵĹۣʱᱻûȴֱǰһı
һľ룬ܿͱԽ
Կǰ治ԶСӥ߽Ƕ䡢оߡСӰһѵǰнֺ΢ļٵƷСӥҲǷ׷׻ͷڼ׷ǰĳԡ
͡
ꡭ
ֻһ̣ǱǷ֣ϵڼףǲݲУƬռ䵱УΪ̶

һСϵڼףǳ飬һƬɢ
ݡ
ڼһ飬˷ĽسųԵɱȥƣҪֱ򽣴İ
磨ˣ
Сӥ޵ľ˲𣬶ٶȳ򳽻ԣͼֵЩ
κԶˮȲ˽𣬶ԼƬЩѱܰ˳Եֵ½
ߣҲԼĿģܻСӥƻԼļƻ
ܷɹͿһˡ
㣬û˿Ŀ־뾪ţƺϵһĻ

һ̣ɫڼ׸ֵ˳ԵϡֻڼײŸճ֣ǱиǧٿףۿҪ˼ͻ֧顣
ЩѾȫʵʻĽѾԽںϵڼ׵Уڼױɽڼס
ͷֱת£һɹɵĻԪ֮ʱɢܱߵʵʽһڳΧƯת


396 עһ
ݡ
գۼһȥǳǧ򣬶ҽתٶҲԽԽ죬ἤεĽһХݺνǷ˳ȥ⽣Сӥ޷ֻڲԶɵۣһǡ
֪Կʱռ䣬ҲܵȻΣյУûзʲô⡣
Ȼû壬ۺĻԪ֮ɻԪ֮˲٣ڼ׵Ҳ֮½ҿӶֲˣҪںϵڼ׵УٵȻʱӦЩʵʽٳԿơ
ûлͷȻݲóٺˣҲûк˵Ļᡣ
Ҫôð򽣴ĵΣռȥҪôǶռ䣬Ϊһ̶ȣٳԿĽ
û֧һ°ɡ
һ߸ΧĹɣһһһѵͳͣ
ĽȻ壬Ѿʵʻֹ壬ںϵҪ֮ںϣǽתֻܹںϣڼתΪڼס
Գţתǿܱ߽
ֳֻԣȻǲܿٳɹ
͡
һתԱǷΧתƺܵӰ죬Ĵܶ΢ڼףڼ׳һ޴Ŀӡ
ѪҲǴ
Իδϵ
һѻڣڼٶȻָ
Լԡ
˹ʮӣԵѾѪ˺һѪվǡ
ȴ·ܲʹֻüͷ΢΢ţƺ˼ʲô
ҲֻǿŽĹ켣ǿƽʱ򣬽˺ҵ塣ڼףȴǳܲס
ԿеŻεҡҡͷ
ϳڼסڼסϵĶȫˣȴý˺Լ塣
ƾУΪڼһ飬ľˡ
ΪҳĽﴦעһ֮£ǿƽ֮ڼںϣȴ˷۱ϳڼеĻԼҪҲˣֻܽռΪ㹻ˣ취Ľ󡣡
гΣѾûбİ취ڼںˡ
עһԭעһʧܺĽô磡
Щ
֮䣬ԺͻȻһƺ뵽ʲôעһĹעһ𣿡
עһǽԼ֮ضԼ֮Ը뵽ĽﴦΪԼϳ˱ͬʱ㹻Ļŷӡȷǡ
£̸עһ
ǳһѡ
ԭĳԶûУ̸ֺעһ
۾ƺͨˣһĨʧ֮ɫ
Լ˷жʧ
һ;ˮۣˡ
Դ˾˵Źעһ֮ģûԼ֮أͲǰΪĽԶűơ
ϳڼסڼסзӡȷǡ
ûǰǾͱʾҺˡˣûнǴԭ̤Ǵ˲ˡ
Ե˫ͬϢ
Щһ˿ʶûУȴҡңΪǿɱͲȥ˽ȥ֮Կֻ֪뾡취еֵ
ƺͨһУⲢǰǹעһߵΪ
ߣֱǰ塣
һΣҳҪô򽣴ģҪôƿ򽣡
һʣµŻ˷ռ䣬Լǰγг
ݣ
ĽǧУȴΪĿ
ͨͨһȴ貶ĿɢĻϢ
ֻгԼ֪һ˵ԪѾǽеֶȫþڽ˽⣬ڽãͳͳʩչȥ˵һȻȴǳʩչΪ׵һ
⿴Ʋǽʵȴһ׾˼Ľ
ݡ
һĻΧĽ·ܵĳǣ׷׵ת˳齣ָķȥ
ƣ齣ȻΪ˽лߣǧ
ָݺᡣ
ϣ
Ŀдȣû˿ٶնһ

һնΧĽȻֿһɢɽնϡ
һϺӣ
ܱеĽȻתת켣齣ָķ˳ȥ
ںϣ
Դһеľ֮ܵʵʽʱǣסųԷ
ڽʱѾǽڼ׸ٶٻ˳
Ϊ˵
ҲδԳԴ˺
ھ볽ֻʣ²ʱ׷ֹͣ£ڳܿʼתйɡ
ݡ
ھ֮ת£жĽԽԽ࣬顣
ЩδٶԳһ˿һ˺
һĻĲԶСӥĿɿڴ
ոջĴҷɵĽ˿ȴͬԹԶڳܣͲ˺
ֱ漣
ĵһĻˣֻϵĻɫ˸Щ˱֮Ľںϵɫȥ
һʮ
ʱ䣬ʮʵʽ뵽˻ɫУڼףҲһĹɢļµķϢ


397 ڼ
ڼ׵˶١
ҪϵںϽ
ŷ֮ɫһ̣ľľʱӿž֮Ĵ䣬һǣںϵڼ׵С
ʱһһĹȥһʵʻĽϵںϵϵڼ׵С
ڼ׵ɫҲ仯һɫ
䡭
ʮʱȥڼתеĳԣĿȻһݣڣһǿľ񲨶
״ʦ
֮õĥµͬʱľҲǵõ˾޴ô¹ȥôʱ䣬ˮɣǰһͻƵ״ʦ
ںϡڼףɣ
ȻԴһոձǵľӿ
ΧǧǳѸٵںϵڼ׵С
ںϵڼУڼҲǷ˾޴ı仯ɫĹȫɫȵϢʧתķϢ
ȥ·۶ɵڼףȴһʵĸоǳ֮ǰʹõϳڼףҲȲʮ֮һٷ֮һ
ڼγɣҵҪڼ׵ﵽʲôΡ
һϲǳɹڼ۶ˡһʵʰľ֮ȻΧĽܵǣ׷״򳽻Ե塣

һɹ߽״ʦĽڳԵȴǼʯͷ׷鿪
ն
ɫһ֮Ȼն£һɳĽ˲仮ǰʵʽڽ֮£Ƿ׷׶ѿ
֮õĥ£Ҳʵʻǿɱͨ۷ʦ˰ɡ
ž֮ı仯ĸ⡣ոںϽ֮ʱǲʹþ֮ʹþ֮õĥ£øΪʵʻ
ȻΪĻϵʵʻڼס
۷ڼףǰ˽״ʦȫһҲԵֵ
о֮ǣһ׽ڼףͲٶˡ뿪ˮҾͳЩʱչᣬҽչСɾ磬ض߽״ʦҲ֮Կ
ԳµʵֶΣɱκһ۷ʦ۷ʦҲɱ߽״ʦȴֻǵһͷڹꡣ
ԭܼ򵥣ٶȻǹȲ߽״ʦ
ֻз棬˽״ʦκβ
磬ϲΪ
ʱȺõСӥ˹԰Ȼ£ΪȡòСĽǸͬʱҲ˿
ǰԱǧʱǻǵĳԻᱻɡ
ǺǣǵΪҲ˲ٰɣȵĽǱȥ
Цŵ˵ͷܵСӥɢǿʵϢɾ̾һźĽķӶȥ
³۳˽ڼףҲȥ
ĿģǺĽ

ǧӵĿռ䵱УһӰˮеһҶۣȻǰн
ٶȲǺܿ죬ȴȵ˿ûбݿļ
һЩС˺Ľ󰡣ŽڼףҲ޷ֱӵִĽ󡣡
ǰĽͷƤЩ飬Щ䵽ϣɲ̫˺
ĽУʵ̫ʡ
ոߵĽֻʣʱһɳĿ½£ʱŵóԱֱ亹ºоյض㿪ˣǼ¡
ٶ󣬳ȴ˿ûз֮⣬˵ܿĽ󣬿ľ룬ȴұ֤᲻Σճ֡
˿̣ܹظܵڽУƺ֮ͬһ㣬ʱը
ÿ𣬶ó̲ס¹۲죬»ٶȳһɳĽ
¡¡
һҵĺ¡·ŭ𣬷ľս
ɫޱ䣬ȻѾٴΣ˳̶ȵģȴǵһ
ʶ̧ͷգһ̣ԱǷһϹͿһ콣ǰʮ׿⡣

·ѸٴڳԵĶը졣
Ȼм䲻ԸԻͲסĵĺ棬ȥ
ӣһ
Դ͵ضһƲǺȴܹ˵Ŀӣһ¡
ƺ뵽ʱ䣬̲סؿڵոսʱ׵绮ѵǴ˵еĽף
ˣǽס
ϻüʶ㣬ܵеĲȷɵÿ˵ܹγɽ׵ĽҲȻʦó󷨡ҲǱݻٹ٣ȫʢʱڵ֮һĿӾͲһɣǧˡ
ô
Բɵþһ
ˣûʶﵽ˺εȳ̶ȡû´ڳ˽ףϾͻн֡ոյǵһɳĽ˰ɣĽֽ꣬ɵġˣ취Ӧ
ϻص˵
ꣿһɳĽɣ
Ժ¹ɬصϻãûа취ӦЩ׺ͽꣿ
ˣа취ĻͲ취ˡڸʩչʲô󷨣ҵҽĽȻҵۻָʵء
ϻЦһȥ
Զʱ˸ۣû
Ҳ֪ʱֻܿԼ
˵ǶԼһο顣
Ļȫ÷ԣԷĪֶΣĽ󣬹Ҳκβʲô
ֻǣʼշûп˵ʲôֻиտʼʱóԽúĥԼ


398 ֮
ȻĥԼΣԲְæ
ٶȷ滹У޷ܽסڷϡ
ԿǰĿӣٶҡҡͷҵķ˵ͨĽһҲøһ
ΣЩ뷨У޷㣬ΨһĳǾˡþ֮ףƫ뷽򡭡
뷨ʮֿ£Ϊƽһǳѵ飬һûƺã䵽ԼϣԱȻᱻը̻ҡ
Ĺһˣٶһֺηһ
ĿƽҲٶ˵ʲôǰȥ
ǰʱʱĺ¡¡ܼӣͻһ׳֡
ڣЩײû䵽ߣľҲס
¡¡
ȻԵͷһϹ⻮ʣԱ㷢ԼһεܸסѸٳһԳҲǽ
ֻʹþˡ
վԭز̧ͷĿϷеľӿ֮Ҳʱ׼
ݣ
һ޴ĽųԺɱʱǲٳɣ֮ȻɱľҲû˿ھ֮С
͡
֮ϣ֮ӴĽһֱ˲ļݺζ
һɱңҹ
鶸Ȼһбȳһɿֲɱ⣬д
ͬһʱ䣬ƿ£߶ž֮ϺݺųԵһŭ֮Уһɿֲ־͸Ӳǽƫ˹켣䵽˳Ժ⡣
ţ֮ƺʵˣ
ܵһĻһ˿֮ɫɢû뵽֮Ȼøʵ˵ľ֮Ѿ㹻ʵʵʻˣȴøʵ֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
ǰɣ
Ҳûȥ˼ʱΨһĿģǿĽ󣬶ϻҳۣؽƿĲͨĲ㣬ҵһͨ뿪ˮ
¡¡
ڳٶǰһ󣬽ױǸܼһʱųʮ׳֡
ܼĽףԲ˿֮ͷʱƣ׹ƴƫ׼
ǰһξ飬Զڱܿ׵ĹѾǸġ
¡¡
ֻǺܿ죬ɫ˲䷢仯Ҳû˿ոյֳء
ԭܼ򵥣ΪͷϣĽס
Ҳ١
ԳԵԣ˿̶̲סһֿڡ
Ƭ̳ɣ֮ͷתٶԽԽ죬ʱȥ׼
ݣ
ĳʱ̣ʱ֮Ȼͬһһ֮ϣֱӽǵײƫ˷򣬳һȥ
󣬳ûͣٿؾ֮ŵڶȥ
ֻʱĽѾû˸տʼĳ˲٣Ȼֵܹסڶȴûбİ취Եֵˡ
ʱͶѾȫ壬ҲֵܵסĹ
ô죿
Ա򶨣ѾЩΪĵȷȷûа취ֵ
֮ͺˡ
ʱ򣬳Ҳֻǽϣھ֮ϣΪĿǰֶΣȷֻо֮ԵֵסĽ
֮ûǾ֮˵ֻһ֮Ⲣ˵ֻһ֮һΣҾܷ۳ڶ֮
ꡭ
ɫһȻž֮ȻײһײΪ˽ײΪ˽֮ѿӶ۳ڶ֮
ȻһĴԷ־֮𽥵ѿ
֮ոѿԱǷ־дһ޷ܵľʹ·ԴҪѿһ㡣
ѣ
𣡡
ҵʹ࣬ó̲סһҪʹȥ
ܻ赹ʱһ赹Ҿǰһˡ
ԳХһĵޱȼᶨ־ڽܵ£ٶȵ˾еľ֮
ѿľ֮Լٶȣ֮
֮ȻΪ͸ɢϢȴ˿
ס
Ȼһȣֱ֮ڵڶҪ䵽Լʱ֮ǿײ˹ýƫ뿪ȥ䵽˳⡣
ʱһҲǱײ

һ
֮粢޾Ҳ޽ȴܹδͻƵʦ۳֮Ⱦ츳츳ʦеšеţҲԶԶ
˿ռʱ̹۲ķȴŴ͡
ո׼ְﳽԵֵסһȴؼʱ̣ԾȻǿн֮ѿסѵʹ࣬γɵڶ֮
Ⱦٶֱ漣
ǰ
ûйͣĽľ룬ʱܱϵΣգǲϵĽҵ۽㣬ɲұ֤ÿζôõȻǡ
¡¡
һͬ߰£ֲܣѰ߽״ʦĿ࣬˿
ɳȴЩÿһ׳֣֮һʱ佫֮俪޷˺
ûͬʱĵϵĽ׶Ҳֻʱضռˡ
ݡ
ھ󣬳ǿǰһܼľ޴֡
ЩȳһɣƷ֮죬ͷƤ顣


399 ռū
ͷһݣ׼Ҫֱת뿪ˡνĽ꣬治ܹͨԸİ
ֻ֮ˣ
뵽һͬʱԾе֮ѾǷӶܣʱֵ׼
еĽ޴󣬻Ʋڼ׵ķǵȿµĳԿóܵش
ڣ۳ڶ֮ľѾΪʵʵڿռʱ׵رƿ
һ㣬ǳΪԿٴԽһ̡

ͬȣȥÿ޴䵽ʱδ֪ٶżһԶᱻԵľֱ֮ˡ

֮طӣæòɿÿһεײȴǻ֮øʵʻԭȵ͸ٶתһʵʰĶ̽
֪Ǿ֮ٴαǿףȵֻҪԸ⣬Ϳþ֮ѿı֮
ֻǣһ뵽Ѿ֮ʹ࣬ԾЩ
Ǿ֮ʵʻľҲǸӵʵǿ󣬱ð纣
ڲ֣Ľڽ޵Ŷĺô
ĥ⡢۾ֱ֮ӵһã
ûʱ䣬ʹĽ۷ʦͻƵ״ʦ˿̸ٶ׳۷壬ʱͻƵڴʦ
ȣԼЩʼδ
ݡ
Ȼ޴Ľĸֱ򳽻ԣٶȿ硣

Žδǰȥ㿪֮Ȼ̳ǰƫյش߲
ţͻˣ
ɹĵ󣬳ԵɫȻһ̲סϲΪȻ֣ԼľȻٶȴ
ܹͻƣ⽣ռ˾޴ĹͰ֮ҾҲΪ߽״ʦľҲҵľͲ˲䱻޴ĳɷˡ
Ҳ֪Լܹԭ߳۳˾֮ҲǾ֮ǾΪͲȥ
Իһ뷨ǾϻۣԳƿؼ棬ֻҪƿؼ棬Ƿһͨ˽κΣա
ҵˣ
ͻƵڴʦԴԽû˿谭ٶȲɵüӿһ˿
·̣Ҳֻʣ²һ٣ܿʹһ·̡
ãһƬããĿռڳǰ
Ҳû룬ֱȥ
ƬڣǷ֣طûһûнסûпµĽꡣ
ȻԿǰһĻȴǱǰδеأƺǰĶȽס껹Ҫ¡
ū
ǰ澲ʮӣüͷ
ǰ׿⣬ʮĿİӣЩӿȥûκ촦޺ĸоͺʮŸͨˡ
Ȼǵͷ棬ȴı
ԿԸܵƬռ䵱енЩ
ıƾؽˡ
ȻڴˣǱʾ۾ڸ
λǰ
ҧҧӲͷƤǰȥЩūȥ޺ɳȴͷȻΪκһ˵ĵӣ˵Щ˵ΪߣԼǱڴˣǰܹؽ󣬴򿪵Ĳռ䣬ȥ
ԼĿģûйĨǣֱ˵˳
ȳԷͨһ󣬿Էܷ뿪ǶԷý㣬ֱӷ뿪Ҳʡǿжˡ
Դʱ뷨ǰȫ뿪СӥԼߣȽĲ㣬ԼҪ
ΪһĿģۡ
ţ
óԸеɻȴǣڰκǰʮӣȴûκһ˿
ƺǸûԵĵ
˵
ǲǻˣ
ūĽūǴڵĿֻǵĶһŲܡ
ԲɺգūûʶģԼȴ˵
ԽԽѰ찡
ūûʶǾ޷н޷н
գգ۾̾һֻǶְ
ˣ֪ûиܵʲô
ʱϻõͻȻڳԵԺһֺϵͺǽһ㣬Щūͷϣϸܸܡ
ţ⣿
ԣԲɵһ㵣ϸ
û೤ʱ䣬üͷ΢΢ϻ˵ȷǸܵһ΢Ľ⡣

΢
ɽ⿴ȥƺǼ΢ֻǱϵġ
ʵϣɽȫνһý顣
ԽΪý飡
뵽ĳֿܣüͷø
ˣӦøܵ˰ɡϻòüͷ壬˵⣬ʮūؽνһ˰û´Ļ⣬Ӧþˡ
Ե˵ͷҲ뵽ԡ
ֻǣʵЩЩ
Ļǲ˵ҪϻۣҪȽʮūˣ
£۲ͷ˼ȥˣֻҪ۸Ū֣ȴóЩ
ܹؽ໥νӵĽūͨū
ûмʶūҲ˽һЩūǽһ
⽣ūܹؽνӣ˵̺ĽԲѰūܱȡ


400 ʦ
¾һЩνĽ֣ȲЩūһ˿Ƥë
ϻã֪֪ЩūΪﵽʲôΣ
Բɵÿѯʡ
ֻǣϻõĻشȴóƤ̲סˣЩūȥʵƺզΣӦҲһͨߣһܽȫˡҲųڰϻһǶ֣Ǿһˡ
ϻãܿ׵㲻
Զʱ˰ۡ
Ҫ⽣ūܹһԼˣԭ·صˣټޣԽūչ˺սȻһ˿⣬ϻɡ
ƺ֪룬ϻúٺһЦˣһ˿⿴΢ҪõҲֻһǾǻܽūýūΪԸ⣬һ׸㡣
Ϊǲ˵𣿡
ɻ
ϻЦȷˣǵȴˣȻǳΪ֮ȫʶְֻҪ㽫ǻܣǾͻȫ㡣򲻹ʲôֻҪܲǣý⡣
÷֣ǣ
üͷһƣʵҪǿ˵ܹԸǰЩū
ܿ죬ͷַռ䵱иûκζϸһ̽Զʱ󷭰ۣȻʱ˯ˣȻûа˼
ˣֻԼְ
ϻȻҲһ㣬̲סЦ˵ʵҲ̫⽣ūģʵҲ˵㻹ûǾͳİ֮ء
֮ҿ֮Ŷ԰ɡڻǸϽظ㣬ұ˼ҸһƷ˰ɡ
ϻõĻسŽū˹ȥҪӦЩū
ȻҪǻܲУǶֱǡ׽궼ͦˣ½ūɣ
λǰ񣬵֮
ϣ
Ż£е齣Ȼʣһݣ˽ūͷ
ȥĿǽūͷϵһ˿⣬ʵƮڰʱѾǵܵʱԽūֵ׼
ɲţЩūԼ֡

ȻڳԸոշӶ·һūȻ˫ۡ㱼䣬ԸоƬضΪ֮һžӹռ䣬ܵĿռ仩죬·رһ㡣
ݣ
һ̣ūв֪ʱһ壬Ҳ⽣ūζֻĳһն¡
͡
һֻоǰĿռ䶼иԼ壬һֱмնϵơ
޵С
Ľ
кȻһûκΰ취еֵ
֮
һȡ
֮Ȼӳǰա

֮գۼ䱻飬һֱն񣬲ǵضž֮һǿҵľ֮ʹ˲ӳԵԺд
ͺ񳽻Եþ֮һ㡣
磬Сģ
ǧһ֮ʣһ̣Աǳ˷ռ䵱С
ڳԵʧ·Ľūûһۣڸоʧ֮гٶʧϲɢһ˿һϢͺδһ㡣
ǸոռʶǾһԲ˽Ϊһ͡
գ
ռ䵱УԳһһ¡
̫ǿˣ
ոһ̣Ȼûиܵ񵽼ԪȴеظܵһɿµĽ
·ܹᴩأʶнҪǿ
ˣЩūͨūȫɽγɡˮۣԲͨ߰վڳһԣЩ̾˵ֶΣȻҲӵС¹ʱ䣬Щūʵ˶޷ˮۣ϶ͨʦô򵥡
˵ˮһʦ
Եɴ۾˵
ǲʦһȴԷǳ϶ǾЩūôöԸġ
˵һת˵Щūڴ˵ȴž޴ĺô
ô
һ㶣ɫ΢ǰǵ˿˿ľЩܿ۳һ֮
ı
һĻҲ̲סϲ
ոսūһն£ն˾֮ʵȴǽľҲնϣѵͬʱ֮Ҳٶݱ䣬ı
ı֮͸ģһ׽ĸоеķâȴǰ
ո֮Կūһȴδֿܵס˿ı֪ܷ֮뽣ūһԿ
гΣ󲻵òҡҡͷΪ֣ı֮Ҳֵסūһ
һֱ֮ʣһ㾡ȫҲֵ˿
ãͨľ֮͵ֵ˽ūһ
Ȼĵֵ֮סҾͰ˵˵УҾʮ֮ūҳԵĽŲ
ҲŽūˡ
񣬰Ҵؽ굱С
֮Ҫ࣬ͱҪڵľֻ֮ޱľ֮ſԷѿ
򣬾֮һֿ޷һʱ佫֮ʵǶ꣬޴˺ΪԴ
ҲǽūȿµĴڣͨҪһ޵ľ֮նϣֱǳ롣
磬롭
Ҳǲµ˳Ե뷨ɵþ̾һ绹ǺȻˣҾͿٵ֮ǰΪδﵽʦˣܹ۳ľ֮ƺһҲʮ۳ʮ̤֮뽭󣬲һʱ䣬ʹ½˵ʱȻʦ۷Ϊƾʮ֮ȴӲնɱһʦǿߡңƺһʦ


401 ľʽ
ôţƣ
Ҳ㶣Խ
֣صص˵ͷһĳ۷徳磬ԽɱǸԷˮһ򵥡㣬ڲŸոͻƵ״ʦۺʵǲ߽ͨ״ʦ˰ɡ
ԲһЦ
ȷڷԶ߽״ʦž֮Ҳܹɱ߽״ʦֻٶȣ߽״ʦ΢Щ
չһ̶ȣԸ߽ͨ״ʦӦûʲôˡ
ˣ˵Щˣȥ굱ĥ֮Ҹоҵľƺ˲٣ͻƵڴʦҲǿˡ
Ц˵
Ҫͻ˰
һȣܿͻȻѵʹ̫пˣǳܹסȻ١
ѹֳôþ֮ˣԭ󣬲ԸūĻᣬԼľҲǻõٵ
ᣬҲֻгһܹаɡ
Щ̾ҡҡͷҲٶ˵һκ󣬱ǽԴ˳ȥ
ݡ
һ֣ǳ޾Ľ굱С
˶ĽſֲƷնɱ
΢΢ЦɫȻֱ֮ӷȥȻ׵ؾͽƫ
֮Ѻ󣬲࣬Ҳɡ
һʱ䡣
һĵ֮Ǳޱʵ
ڵľ֮Ѿﵽ˿Էѵĳ̶ȡֻҵľҪͻƵڴʦ»Ҫһεľ֮Ѱ
Ըž֮Լı仯һǰӶȥ
Ȼ֮Ѿһ̶ȣҲҲûҪʱˡ
ݣ
ԵγǰĿռ䵱УǰĽūһζȻ˳ȥ齣·ĽūȻն¡

·һūȻ˫ۣգ·ݺǧն޾ռ䣬齣ȥĽͬ׷顣
֮
ͫһĵ֮˳ȥ
֮뽣һҲûеֵʱ䣬ͱֱնϣҵʹóҲ۲첻ȥ
ʱҲǽ뵽˷ռ䵱С
·ĽūٶĪʧһԺ޹ʵͫףȻ˸һ£ƺ˼
ܿ죬˳£ʲôûһԼĸλ
ֻҪṳ̂ĽƬرˣҲ¡
գ
Խռٶһ
磬㷢ʲô𣿡һЦʵ
Ե˵ͷūƺֻһһûκȴǽݺᣬǧûмκȴǱȼԪҪǿһľʽϧڽ˽ⲢǺܸߣҿ϶ܹһУԼĽ
տʼūʩչһûüϸ۲죬ʱֻ˵ʲôû֡ŵһȴǿ֮ʣ̺
ֻǿϧЩȴ١
ʮūұҪǸշ
ǽʮūշˣԺѵԼϵԿΪһǧ
磬׼ô죿ʵ

ЦЦϥ£ʱؽЩͷȫ׿
˸ۣǲΪγڹϣȻܹ
ܿ죬ͷΪγԻôеҪˡ
ΪڳԵϣһǿľݳ
ͬʱ˵õĽҲƯ
ͻƵڴʦ֮Ҳ˰˵
һ㶣дϲû뵽Իôȡͻˡ
һʱ󣬳Է۾

û˿ԥֱӿڡ
ã
֪Ե˼ҲѯʣֱӴ͵˽굱С

ʱ䣬Աǲϵĥ֮ȥӽūһþ֮ѿľ֮
գۼ䣬ʮʱȥ
ռУԾܣǿľɢɾǿȣȻǴﵽ۷ʦĲΣֻһͻƵ״ʦ
ܣһٶʮ˵õĽתţĽɢ
һٶʮ˵ˣ
ǰϥĳԣ΢΢̾һʮʱԲ߲ݣ֮ѾӰ˵ʮʮʮĵֱڵһٶʮ˵ȵݿǸʮ֮νţ֪ǿ˶١
˾֮ҲǴڴʦͻƵ۷ʦ
óԺͷеɻȴǣԴӾ֮ѵʮ֮󣬾ѵʹȴǼ࣬Ժ׵ؾֵܵס
⿴Ǻ£ȴóϰ졣
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊû˾ѵʹ࣬ľҲûˣһֱͣ۷ʦ
ݣ
ĳʱ̣Ե˫ͫȻһεʱӳͫмǰնʱҵƷ졣
ˣ
ν΢΢һ
Ե˵ͷҲԣֱӵɣ
ţ
һɣ˵Щʲôѡ˳ĬԴͳ˷ռ䡣
ȥва֮Ѿһٶʮ˵ˣȴǲֵܵūĽһ˿һ
üͷ΢΢ţҡҡͷΪҲūĿ£˼һ־ǽԻҲǵֵ


402 򽣹һ
һʱ󣬳Դӽ굱дĿǰĽū
ľͲô
ԺһͷܿͱǿѹסٶūҵĽŲ
ͷζȻӳֱ彣ūȥ
ݣ
ڳԸո𣬽ūǲƽƽһֱն£Զʱ䡣
֮
Ҳϰһ㣬δȣһٶʮ˵֮뽣ūĽһ
ꡭ
У·һĽ𣬼Ϊö
ʧ𣿡
֮ѣδóʹѵʹѾӰ쵽ȴǸӿɬ
һβУҾͼȥ֮һֱѣҾͷѵףҾͲţֵܵסһ
ɢޱϢִŵ˼㣬·Ϊ˴ﵽԼĿģǶôѣһ
ڻķ
зɻϻöûа⣬ʲô⣿
ǽ֮ʮˡ
ľ֮һֱռ
Ȼʱһ·ԽبʱյĲȻ
򽣹һ
򽣹һ
Ծһ񣬶û뷨ϯһٶʮ˵֮ƿأͬһ۶ȥ
ںϣ
ԿдȣĿ£Ѹ֮Ҳǵһʱںϡ
͡
ٵ֮ںһѸٵγһ֮
һʵ֮ߡһ磬ˮȥͨͨûκ֮
ӲͨȽϣֻ˵з·һ˿תþˣȻͷĿѣĸо
óԸеȴǣ֮γ֮оȻһѹɢ
ѹλǰ¶ѹһȻγɵѹ
ͷ·ǣ
ó𺳵ģ֮һγɣǰĽȻ΢΢һͣĳֿµĶ˿
ţȻͣһ£
ԿһĻжʱ֮Σÿһζһǰûκ֮⣬˿ڳ۳ľ֮ǰȻͣľ֮˾һ㡣
һ̣˼һĻٶȳڳǰֻūȻһ֣ɱ򳽻ԵĽֱӸȥ
ڳоɲ֮ʱ·еĽū׷ͫʮŵĿ⣬ȫ˳Եϡ
һĻóͷƤ˲䷢飬ͽŵĨֱռ䡣
ʮūͬʱ֣ԶȷԼܷһʱռ䡣
ĵȻЩˣΪʮūûжΪ͵Ĺͳͳ˸߹ͷ­ųԹغݼˣ
ţЩū˳ˣ
ʶˣͬʱҲ̲ס󷽿ۣ⽣ū֮Ϊ͵͵Ϯ
ȴһӰû
һ˶ûЩūǶҺˣѵǰҵǵˣ
иɻҲڣֱֱضǰʮūͬʱҲʱռ׼
ˣǷ뿪ؽ󣬽뱦Ĳ㣿
ʱԭȶԳԷĽūͻȻ̧ͷڡ
ƺΪδڵԵʣЩӲɬȴβסеâ΢ЩԻһɱΡ
ǡƺΪˣ
ȷˣ⽣ūȷǳƺΪˡ
ҳԿЩūУ
ȻǶŲǡ
ǵˣܹһž磬ͱʾ˵ļ̳ˣҲǵˡ
ūڽ͡
һѵǸոҽһٶʮ˵֮ںϳһ֮ĽԲɵɻҲ֪ѯ˭ֻĬ
ֻǣǸԼʲô˷ġ
Բȥ룬ʵˣ˵ĿǺˮۣ
ǵģ˵ȷһƺˮۣ˵˳ƺΪˮǰ뿪ʱǣһ˽ˮҴȫ뿪ˮ˽ˮͽͳͳɱոðˣˡ
ްҲûܵ˺
԰˰֣ʵǵΪﵽʲôˣ⣬ôƺ㣿
ūֱӳƺΪūɣʵûʲôΪ֮ôЩʵҪ˸ǹעؽǿǵĽҲܻʵʱʴʣµʵҲһˡڵʵǿľŽ״ʦɡǣҲҲࡣ
Ž״ʦ
ū˵Ļ⣬ɳȴѪڣû˷ܵ
ʮŽ״ʦ
ѾԶԿͨ˰ټϳϵޣǶҲСﳽ˿
ˣǵʦ߸߽ˣεסǣ
ԺȻʵ
㽣ūڶ࣬ԵֵͨĵʦһʦǿߣƺԸ˰ɣ
͸Ǽƻˣˮһǿĸ֣ҪǿнĲ㣬ǾͻῪؽɱ˽һɾߣ˭ҲˮĲ㡣
ū˵
ԣһ쬣Լû㹻ʵ⽣ūԿ֮һѣͱ뵽˷ռ䵱Уһū߶ؽԼʱӣˡ


403 ˣ
˿ʵѵˮĲʲôıﲻɣ
ūͷǵġ˵ڵĲһöˮ䣬һ߹ˣҾͻȥúˮ䡣
ˮ䣿
ͷһϲ֪һ廹ǰħ壬ˮĿģΪ˻νĺˮ䰡
˿̣ˮ۾Ȼǽˮ͸
СѣӭҵĺˮҵȷҪˮ͸һˣܹһһ̶Ҳȡ֮ӡˣ˺ˮ䣬ҲҪһ˵㷽ſ뿪ˮȻĻԺͰҴˮɡ
ʱһЦ֮·֮䣬ȻڳԵ
ѵǺˮ˵
ٴϤԶʱæʵʣǰǺˮ۴ˣ
ȻǺȷԻʶΪ˾Ǻˮۡ
ܻ˭Ϊԣû̫塣֮Խˮ͸㣬ֻǲںˮ̫Ļҳܷټһ涼δ֪֮ҵϣ㽫ܹ磬Ǻúþ۾ۡڴˣСѣףˣ
ˬʵٶڳԵʧȥΧָƺʲôûһ㡣
ϻãǿ˵
԰󣬶ЩԼĶ⣬ʶѯʷϻá
ϻ΢΢һ㶣̷磬ûκǲʲôˣ
ûô
̾һϸϸһ룬ȴĪ˷ܡ
Ӹո˵ĻгԿԿ϶˾ԾǺˮˣˮۡ
Ҳǽū˵ĺˮ
ˮĸ˵ϻþȻδܷһ˿һ˵ˮ۵ΪֶΣԶԶ˷ϻá
ʦ
жš
ԭ򣬱糽ˮУˮһƬռ䣬ˮߣǷϻãҲκβ١
ϾˮǰҲһﵽʦ۷ǿߣһ嶼Ҷ
ֻֿԣȴźˮһǿʦ
ˮ۾Ȼʦҿûڰħϡո˵ȥǸ۾ۣ֪һƬʲô硣
һ̣ͻȻһµͷã½֮⣬һӹޱߵ硣
½ֹֻһλʦǸ統УֻһͨĴڡ
ʲôأ½ǿ˲ʦ۷ΪΨһһ߸ҲǻԵɺϲͻƵʦôʦǿߵĵطء
Īͷո𣬳Ա˦˦ͷͷ
ܵ£
ϻã½ūѾΪˣͳ۰ɡ
ûлشĻֱӴϻãŽū˵һһ˳ɣһԶ飬ۿʵָ٣ܹؽóǲҪҪ
ǣ
Դ˳ΪˣūͻȫȫӳԵκ㳽ȥǶԥѡ
ݣ
ϻõӰӶؿ۳ǰĽūϻõĿ˲ԶʴĳһȥЩͷʮϧⲢʵʱʮγɡЩһ޾ĽŲɢÿˣò˶೤ʱ䣬ͻɢգ
ʵ̫ˡ
ϻÿǰ޾տʼûʲôϸȥϵ϶ʱֳ˿˿𾪣Ǳɾֱ̾һ󣬾ԲͨĽ󰡣ȫʢ״̬ҲԲò
ϻã˵ʲôʲô󣿡
Կϻ̬Щ쳣̲סɻʵ
ϻȴ·ûԵأоǰ޾ϰιδؿڻش𣺡ˣһ׽󣬾󰡡
˵棬ϻõһΪ̫˷ܣǵͨ졣
ʲô˵󣿴˵е󣿡
ҲǾ
ڲµˮ۵ʵѾһ׼ҵֿϢҲǿ󣬵û̫𾪡
ǵˣһȻѾƲ߱ĸҲܿ͸ģҽˣҲ벼óǷԭ󷨶ѡҪó󷨣һҪоʮʱ䣡
ϻü˵Уʮʱ䲢ǺֵܳԺƵġ
ʮꣿ
Բɷ˸ۡ
ôʱ䣬ûǵģԴǸһֱʱ䶼꣬ʮԣʵЩңԶˡ
ۣܲȻ󷢶ؽնĲռѷ죬ٽؽ뵽ռ䵱ȥ
ֱ˵
ؽҪŪ֣׽󣬶Ծӵһʥء
˵ӿ¾ǬԪޣûĸأܱȵɣ
ϻ֣صص˵ͷ֪ԣ˷İɣȻҲܲؽ󣬵ɣ߶ؽնһѷ죬ٽؽ뵽ռ䣬ҶԻûʲôѶȵġ
Ǿ;춯ְɣоʲôģ㽫ؽ뵽˷ռȥоɡ˵
õģ
ϻõ˵ͷһݣɵ˽ūͷϡ
һ˿޵Ľ⵴š
ϻƯڰգƺڸʲô˫ֻζһ˿˿ʱƮͬʱص
Կϻãû̫¼ȥͷūһЩǽū뵽˷ռ䵱Уڷռ


404 һ
ЩūıȻֻͨĽȴ漣ӵǣһܹ壬ȥ͸һͨûκ
ܹεıǱǴﵽļ½ֻзﵽΡ
ɽūʲô˵ǸͲǱǲӵǣܹΣ볣죬ǱһҪ氡
ּܹǸˮۣȷʵһߡ
ûеõ㹻֤ǰҲϹ˼
ϾǸ磬̫ľ밡
һʱϻǽȫɣ󳽻ԱǸܵǰ޾Ľƺһ
ֲóͷƤЩ飬̲ס˼ʶʱռ׼
С£ǴӸոսūĿؽʵ̫ˣʦʦʲôģܹɱ
뽣ūʱȴ֪ǿĹֻܷһΣնͨĲͨģʩչһιؽ˵ȫзˣֻһЩ׽ʲôĻڣṩԼ
ݡ
Ȼ䣬ǰĽͻȻֲԽԽңǷҽ֮
һĽ֮Щöʮͬʱ֮أ
ǵȳ棬һͨһ
ԿǰһĻ΢΢ţһǿҵڴУͬڶ
Ⱦۣǽ̺֮һɻصܡ
֮£ҪֱĤݵĳ嶯
ū˵ûܳױʲôʦʦʦᱻֱӺһͷʣ¡

ǰ޾ɢľܣԵȭͷ
Ҫ˶ʱ䣬Ҳӵ
ݣ
ڳԶŽ֮ʱʮȻӶ𣬶ЩȻǳһȥٿ£
£֮󣬱ںϡ
ںϣδ̫ʱ䣬ŲƬ̹򣬾ںϳһɳľ޽
ֲĽ⣬ͬӾ콵٣̲סĤݵĳ嶯
ǣһ
Կһɾ޽Ƥȴ̲סΪһɾ޽֮УܵһϤϢһٶʮ˵֮۳һ֮һģһ
۳ľ֮ɾ޽С桢档

Ȼɽһռڶ
ͷʮ״һ֪ж೤ѷ죬ƾղ
ѷ죬·νƬռͷ
һһǹѹӦþɣ
ͷϵѷ죬ŵ
ԺУŵһȴǻ֮ȥϵԺš
֪ΪΣԺһͬʱϣһ޵ѹɢܱߵϢ޲Ƿ׷ɢ

δ̫ʱ䣬ԵϣȻɢһǿľ񲨶
״ʦ
ţ״̬
ȻһӱһĽзա
ֻǺܿ죬о¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫոҵԺУһнҵľҲͻƵ״ʦˣΪȴһ㶼벻ˣ
ܳʹȥ룬δٽոһ
źҡҡͷԲȥ룬һȷǾǸոһнһѲ˸ϵԺлܹһոһн
ϻãܷؽ󣬽뵽ռɣҲ˺ǰϣֱӽĲ㡣
ԶŲԶϻ˵
ϻõ˵ͷֻӶһȦȦĲƣƮƬռ䵱еĽʱ΢Ľ֮
ֽ˷𣬷·ʮһ㣬ЩĻţϸһȴǸֳһ˿졣
ãڽŶ츳֮˵ܹ޷ĶΪԹĺô

һŨŨİϻڷڳȥƮͷϿա
ݣ
һ֣Ƭռ䵱еĽ·ܵĳǣ˷ŨС
Щгж̣дϸԿֵĽȻɳһ߿ֱһ޽
ϧЩֻؽ󷽲ܴڣ뿪ؽ󣬹Ƭ̹ͻữ
ЩǧǧǵΣʱ̣ȫϻõټǧ
Ȼһ£ԻǲὫ˼ЩϣϾԼľ֮Ѿ㹻ǿ
˿̵ľ߽֮ͨ״ʦķԿƿ
߽۷ʦᱻش
ٶȣԵʵѾǱһ߽״ʦҪ
ڳԵߣʮʵȾŽ״ʦĽūЩūڣҲ˷ѽˡ
ЩţǿԸԼ޵Ʋ࣬˭֪úĽе޻ﵽһεȿµĳ̶ȣ
̶̼ʱ䣬ϻñǽеĽȫյŨУһݣǻһ׹⣬û˳ԵĶͷ
ǰİһӿ֮Ҳǻ׹ϻһ˷ռ䡣
ЩεԼĶͷԶ
ڲԶϣһɫӰͬ
ӰӣԲ΢΢һЦ
Сӥ
磬û°ɣ
Сӥһԣޱȵĵشʵ
ʮʱ䣬ʮʱﶼͷ֮ѹûСӥǣ볽֮ԼӦ֪԰Ȼ£Сӥ̲סҪ̽ˡ
Ǻǣû£ʵҲ˲ء


405 ɹ
΢΢һЦɢ״ʦľ񲨶
Ǵ磬ôʱͿҪˣ֪ǴͻƵ߽״ʦͻƵƷء
СӥܵɢϢҲΪԸеˣҲɢһ˿˿Ϣ
Ϣ𳽻ԶԣǿһﲻֹиıϢţȻǱͬ׵ϢҪǿ١
Ʒ۷壿
ԸܵСӥϵϢɵһȣû뵽СӥĲ㵱һʱ󣬾ȻʹƷƷ۷壬ʱͻƵƷ
Сӥսͬ׵ı޶ҪǿƷ۷ΪƷıޣ϶֧Ų˶ãͨİ˽״ʦҲܻСӥ֡
СӥʵѾԿŽ״ʦˣǿ½˫ޣͨ޸ռƣͨľŽ״ʦҲþСӥĶ֡
ٺ٣磬ҵʵˣǵʵҲءбѾͻƵƷˣһƷڡǱȲǼһҲͻƵƷˣԶԿͨľŽ״ʦ
СӥٺٵЦţоǵʵ
Щ޸ʵлСӥʵǿȻδͻƵƷɾоߺͱҲϲСӥĶ֡
ҪΪСӥٶȡǷΪͷۡ
˵Сӥһսߡ
Ҳ˵ɱצǱϵһԳ򣬾ŷЧСӥԶԸͨľŽ״ʦ
Ҫʩչֻצоǻ治СӥĶ֡
Ϊ͵ĴСԼƷƷڵĲΣʵҲо൱ͨľŽ״ʦ
ڽǶ䣬ǵ嶼ǿ˲٣ɶеĶزδǿֻܶΪǿһ׵ߣǿЩǵĶҲԶԷһЩʱ䡣
ҲǼΪˣսڼ߽Ƕһ룬ǾŽ״ʦҲͷۡ
Ʒޣоһ츳ǿȻȫͻƵƷǶһ٣ֻ֮һƷǶƷ
һͻƵҲǲ٣һɹͻƵƷ
Գ˹⣬ĵģȺеˡ
û೤ʱ䣬Զһڵ㲻ϸ֣Ѹ󣬳
ڶԼ򽣵ࡣ
˵޵ٶȱҪϲ٣ɲ֪ΪΣǵٶȣȻ˿ͬʱִﵽǰ
ݼˣ
ų
е޷׷׶ԳԹеˣҲǸԳԹغ
λ񣬹ϲλʵ˲ٰ
ǰһȺ緢Լ࣬Цſ˵
ٺ١
оߵԵĿޣ̲סЦ
ǿվڳԣһĮƺһ㶼ʵôǺεҫ֮µСӥеϲ֮ɫ׷ʧ
ԴСӥһദǶڳСӥ飬Ѿ˽ⲻ٣Ҳ֪˳ǰһССнߡСӥҲһֻԪޣ˵˼㡣
̶̵ʱʵȴͬ
ٶȣڳԺСӥǰûʲôֵ˷ܵġ
ΪֻҪ΢Աһ£̫ˡ
Ǻǣ
Կоߵ޵ı飬ЦһҲ˵ʲôֱˣЩϵı仯
ףϲְְǼԸԳͻƵ߽״ʦ˰
Ժܿ͸ܵʮ˵Ϊ׷ͻƵ߽״ʦĲΡ
ʮԭȴ۷ʦߣͻƵ߽״ʦˡİףҲȫͻƵ߽״ʦˡ
һȥͻƵ߽״ʦߣ֮డ
޴磬һ㱨һ˵ɹɡ
ҲһȥˣֱӶһԵ˵
֪ԶĿУҲɣֱӿڣܹһǧˣͻƵ߽״ʦģܹнˣʣµˣ˸տʼΪģĻ϶ﵽ۷ʦʱͻƵ߽״ʦЩ˵Уʮ˾֮
ʮ˾֮
⻰۾΢΢һ
˵˶Ϊ˽ޣҲ֪ÿ޶ܹ֮ģһٸ޵Уѵһ֮
ⲻҪ㹻ΣҪ㹻ĻԵ
ٺ٣ҿҲ˾֮Ŷ
ԵǧЩԺ˵ųգգ۾
ԣĴָ
ǧĵȷŲ׵Ľ츳Ҵ˷˾֮ΪҲһͻƵĽ۷ʦҪϳˡ
ǧ֮⣬ʮʯԨǱҲ˾֮ʵ
ϧˣٸһʱ䣬϶иܹ֮ҲǵΪٽһ⽣֪ιͻȻʧŪǶûȥˡЩź̾һ
ΪУʵἯΣɵ˹ؼʱ̣ȴʧΪơ
ԣԴЦһ޴뵣ģԺǿ϶лڽġ
ģ
⻰򽣣˵ȣҲǰһ
Цŵ˵ͷδؽ뵽ռ䱦е˵ˣŲûмˣЩ֪һʥصĻԵǿ϶ǲùˡ
£ŶҪؽȥ


406 Ĳ
ڵĲռ俪ֱӽĲɡ
˵
ã
ڳԵĴ£˷׷˵Ĳͨ
֮ǰǰ֮ǲ˽жҪȳһŸҽĲ㣬ûмߡ
ߺܿʧ˵ĿռУ˵Ĳ㡣
սĲ㣬˾ͷԪŨǶܹоԪøӻ񡢾
һذ
ȻȲϵռеĽĥأԼŵУҲûʸ
ΪܹԪŨıҲǻ˼Ĵۣ˿ĵطԪŨ̶ȣǳеأⲻɵǸеһ𾪡
𾪵ģأƮܵһ
Ĳռôô౦Ԫк͵ױ׹⣬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ǳﰡһȥǧǧıһò갡
졢ᱦȰѵȼߵı˵
սĲ㣬Ϳ֮ı˶˷󲻹һеسԼеıȥ
ߣȴһųԣû
ȻڵȴųԵ
Բû˵ǶƮڰеĸֱѯϻãϻãɿʲô
ˣûϴЩץˣҪԲСĿˡϻûЦ˳
Կ
⻰ʶسЩȥ


ҵ֣ң
ܿ죬һֵĺ˳ֻЩץеıߣͻȻһֻֻȥͬޣϲû޵ϢЩҧסߵ֣ҧסߵҪһ˲䣬ٸѡ
Χߵİæ£ŽЩɱ
˷һص㣬Щķһͨʦɽ֮ɱǵĹֺܿ£ƺ̺綾ظսڣӣͿԶһ״ʦ
ңͨ״ʦʵԪԵֵסǵݡ
һµ﹥Ҳû˸׵ȥץȡˣһԶ֮ҡ
ϻã֪֪ô£
ԿǰһĻѯʵ
ϻЦһ޷һֱ˵ֻҪܹƻ󣬾Ϳ׵ɱȻֱӶȡˡ
Ŷа취Ƴֻ󣿡۾һܹƵЩɾͳͳˡ
ܹ͸Ȼа취Ƶˣ취ʵܼ򵥣Ԫ֧ŷγɣֻҪʹûԪ֮ɢԪͻԶƵҲֳˡ
ϻЦ˵һҲ׾֪ƳķЩҲԶˡ
㣬ܶ̾ͷֵǰɣЩûʲôҿ۵ġھͽƵķеˡ
˵ţѾǾˡ
򽣵һǾϲޱȣһϢ̴ҸҺüֵı취֪Ҳñ
֪һ󣬳ŸеƽЩͷ˸ˣһЩߺҲûʲôǬԪߡ
󣬳ԽСӥ뵽˷ռУ򽣽һǳһȥ
ոսūѾҸһ꣬ǸУźˮĺˮ䡣
СӥɳʮӺ󣬳ԷŽȥΪϵ˽ū㣬ǵСӥɵ󣬸оΧĿռѹ·ԽԽһ㣬СӥٶȴҲǺЩѡ
ط˵Ƿˣúܼѡ
ͺǵıϣһСɽ㡣
ˣطӦһռ䡣ռ䲢ͨռ䣬Ҳһ֮ʦ۷ǿ߲óġӦûǴƬռΧ
ڳԵԺ
ռ䣿
ɻ󣬲Ҫúˮ䣬ΪλҪһط
ҲûҪȥ룬ӽūǸطŲʮ·
ȻЩѣΪ˵õˮ䣬Իҧǰн
ડડ
ȻóԸеƵǣԽǰߣԽϺˮϵ
Ȼܹ֣ȴͻȻãԼҪúˮ䣬Ҳûôװ
һ·̺Ѿ¸ϲ˺ˮˮл˿˿ɫҺ塣
ļѾЩѿ
Բûд߶ǣΪ߳·ʱȻоԼȫѪҺϸƬռ䵱У·𳹵׷
ͻƵף
廹ǴĽڴʦĲΣȴѾͻƵ״ʦͻƶԣûʲôѶȡ
ʱٶ·󣬳ԵǿȣѾĽ׺ڴʦֻͻ֮ʱΪûĻʱѿ˿˿ѪҺ
ʣ²·֪Ҫ߶ãҵ״ʦ
ԸڼҪըĳ˵˷ܣǵԼܲסѿʱҲǻˡ˷ܵǣƬռԣʵѵõأط彫õΪٵĽ
»þ׾Ҳʣ֮࣬ǰ壬ͻȻƬռ䣬һܹǿȣʱϲ
Ȼڳٶǰ׺ǿȣٶﵽĽ۷ʦ
ʣ·ˣ


407 һ
ǰֻоģ壬̶ܳѾǵܳܵļޣʶȴ൱
ľ㹻ǿ󣬿Կסı仯ǿɥʧƿأ˺
һǰߣÿһϵļⶼѿһƵģҵʹÿһƤ⵱д
ԾԼ·Ѿһ㣬ֻʶڲϵǰߡ
ߣߡ
ֻǵٶȣȴԽԽ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ͣ˽Ų
𣿡
̧Ŀ⣬ǰ
Ƿ֣ǰѾû·ˣһĺеˮͨڣƽͬˮһصϢɢ
ƳһۺջĿ⡣
û˼ȥܻЩ¶ԣΪؼĻ塣
Ѿ֪ԼʲôӣʶصͷۣԼ廹ʱ˿Ǵһȡ
ʱһɫİ׹⵴ųԵ塣
ڰ׹УԸо·һӿ泩ޱȣÿһϸԾָ˶ĸ֪ơ
ҵ塭Ȼǿȳ̶ˣ
ĳʱ̣ȫָ˶ĿƣӶʱɵϴ
ԭܼ򵥣壬ȻľﵽͬһΡ
״ʦ
⻹ͨ״ʦ

ػӳһȭ⿴ƼΪͨһȭȴǰĿռ䣬΢΢һ¡
ɴ˿ɼһȭе̺˶ô޴
һȭ
֮Խһǿ߽״ʦˡ
磬Ƭռ䣬Ӧĳɢġû´档
ʱ˳ԵԺ

ŷӦԼѰҺˮġ
ϸظ֪һ£Էŷ֣Լ֪ȻѾִ˺ˮĵطǰǽū㡣
ֱȥҰɡ
Կ˵
򲻿ɰ磬ˮɲһˮǴ˵еĺԨˮ˵ˮԾĵһˮشȥˣԻͷʣ¡
æ
ȿȡ
ǺòûعҲЩ񣬸򶨲˵ʲôˮһˮشһ⡭ôܣ
ݣ
ǰ׹һ˳ԵԣصضǰĺˮڵûʲôܵģڿȷǺˮ۾һʦǿߣܹŪõԨˮһһԨˮҲ˵½Ͳܳ˶ĺԨˮˮԴȻһ½ġ
һ磿ѵϳ½бĴ½Ծʵ
ü˵ͷҲǺ˵һ仰ǧ磬½һɳѡ
һɳ
Եɴ۾Լ֮ǰĲ룬¾İ
ѹˮ˵ԺлȥǸ۾ۣⲢǿѨ磬ϵȷĴ½
ˣǲˡûа취Ԩˮıȡû´ĻǱӦþһ밵ħҪҵĺˮ䡣
˦˦ͷʲôǧû˼ȥģ½һΪ΢ߣʲôǧ磬Իûһ塣
һԨˮȻǷӡҲһھܷ񽫺Ԩˮ뵽ռ䵱С
뵽ռ䣿ɫһ
ٺЦ磬ԺܹƿغԨˮǿһɱĳΪУǾͳСӥɵϿգһɺԨˮȥֱӰǵɽŸˡ

ԶʱɵۣϸҲЦԺ˭Լ۸
ԨˮһξһһɺԨˮͲһС̶ǵöٽ
ȥƾʦʦᱻҳϡðɡ
ʲôһšʲôģֻҪ۸ԾʹźԨˮǰȥúкһ
ȿȡ磬̫ˣĽɵϿգƻûҪ˼ɵĸָ֣ʱɳʦǿɾͱˡ
񿴵ϵЦͲµ˳Ե뷨æ˵
ôһͣҲǷӦȷиڶ࣬Լ⿿
νԼҲûԸɵ뷨
ЦҲ˵ʲôһУǵõȵԨˮȫŪռΪð
磬ԣ
񿴳˳Ե뷨ߵˮϣƻӶӡʱӳڷɳҲƾӡɵϡ
һȦȦɫĹâʱӷӡƮɶںˮϿա
Ƿ֮
֮ںˮ浴ţʱʱȴͻȻһʱɢһ㣬ҲǴ߶ķ֮ɫص˼㡣

ȻһɺԨˮڰ׹İ£ڶ𣬶ӡ뵽С
ɹˣ
۾һ

һ˶ĺԨˮռ䣬ƺЩ
ԿóʱķѾǳȫҪԨˮͳͳ뵽ռ䣬Ѷʵ̫ˡ
磬ȥŪЩȼԽԽãԽԽáҺѽԨˮȫ뵽ռȥ
񳤳˿ͷų˵
ã
Ҳϻ֪ҪһĺԨˮͳͳ뵽ռȥǺεӴĹ̡û㹻ıΪ֧ţƾ񣬲֪Ҫòɡ
ʱ䣬ռ߻˱֮ռıͳͳʹá


408 ˮ
˶ڳԵһٶȻܺ棬ûʣִ
ЩʱеĺԨˮҲ𽥵رǳ
ʮ󣬺һɺԨˮҲ뵽˷ռ䵱С
ף磬ƺһţʮʱ۵ùǺµź󣬲ɾ
ҲۣȻǿһš
ܿ죬Ŀ䵽ŵѷС
ǸѷУһöɫĽָ
ˮ䣡
Ǻˮ𣿡
ԿһöָҲ˵һֱ˺ˮ䡣
˵ڻܷУǿ쳣ƿҲ˿֮ÿһ˿þԾûġ
䵹һϿգһ˿εס˺ˮ䡣
ˮ仹ǳ
ջأöɫĽָʱ䵽˳ԵϣָǺͨһöָȥûκ֮Ҳ֪ʲôɡ
Ψһһ֮ͬǾָʵ̫أȥͨͨҲǧҲû룬ֱӾʹָϡ
ǿȴﵽ״ʦˮȻأĳܷΧڡ
Ϸ׼ȥоˮá
֨
Ȼʱ·һţͻȻһصظ֨졣
ৣ
ſʶصͷȥӭģһƬѪɫĹâ
âĿ̲ס۾
磡
㱼䣬Ժƺŷľ𣬲Բû۾ոǵѪɫĹâʵ̫ǿˣóȻۣ˵ͻ˺۾
ֱǰâԲų۾
⡭ʲôط
Ըһۣʱһոʲôûܵ˿Ѿٴں£һİĵط
ͨطҲûʲôþȵġȻطȴ·Ǿڤأܵϣ鲼һ߾ʬǣȻЩʬͱһԶ԰׹ǣȻƬռ䣬ȴһƬѪ֮ɫһɷ·ܹ͸Ļɷ
ɷһ͸˵ڣܹ˺ܿȥǱ仯һͷײеħ
һȥͿͷ
ضʬǣЩʬ״죬дСģҲġ
СһЩʬǣָֻͷС֪ʲô΢ЩģԾͿһɸߴʬǣĿ޷жϡ
⾿һʲôط
֪ΪΣԵĵнֻط䰲ûκԷҲûӡԼϣ˿СӥǣҲȫʧȥϵ
վԭأû߶ֻǲϵԼƽ
طѵǺˮĿռ䣿ǰˮ˵Ҫ뿪ˮҪһؿ飬ĪǾط
ϰκ󣬳Դܣţǣһʲôĵطָȥܹȥָõ뿪
ܹܵܵĿռУһ˿˿ѪɫɷѾǳ͸Ϊ˱ⱻɷڣѾ߶ǣ۳˽ڼס
ɷ壬Ǻ
Ŀ⿴ܣüͷš
ԣʵ̫ѶˣΪûκε
ѵһֱȥ𣿡
üͷøǰҡҡͷȻǲеİΪƬռ䵱Уûвκһ˿ԪڵԪˣȴģǾˡ
״̬ȥҿʱ޷֣ô죿
Լ׻ָƽĬĬ˼ŷ
ýʱȥ벻κͷ
Ƭռ쳣һͷ붼ûǰȥڵԪʣ࣬ʹһЩĻĸ죬ƻҪ˰ͷ͵øˡ
Ȳ˶˰ɷۿžҪҵˡ
Ըͬ㸽ԼϵѪ˿üһӡ
ɷѾʵʻˣҪɢܡ
ʱҲ쳣պޣԼΪûнӡԼϣܹռ䣬Ҳ˵סԼ˼취볢Եʱ˰
£Ҫ˼ӣɷҪԼ˰ɡ
ʱԼͻɸЩʬһˣΪеһԱ
ˣֶܼã͵οҡ
Լڵÿһ˿ÿһԪǿڼס
һ̣ڲܻԪ
ּ˽ʮӺ󣬳ڵԪǱȫͿգ˵ǳ˼ޡ
ͣ
ڽڼʧȥԪ֧ź󣬱˻˳ԵڣϵѪɫɷͬȳ׷״ë͸ȥ
ˮ˵ұֱͰŪʲôʲӿ飬㵽мģ
¶һ˿ɬĬĬϣȴǽˮ졣
ɱɱɷɷҿǾɵɵģֻһͨͨ࣬һСѣαҪʦڵضҳأǺƽദ𣿡
ܵɷнп಻
治
¸ûκεİ취
ɷ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôɫ΢΢һ˫̵Ȼ
ƬռûκԪҪԪ϶ǲܣԴ˷Ҫģһ׹
͸ȼ͵һ׹
¾
ֻһԪ۷幦ײζûﵽ׹ȴǷͬһ㣬Ϊ
˵õԽ¾۷壬񼶹
һֱû⻰£Ϊôʱ䣬¾һûУ˿ûн׵ļ


409 뿪ˮ
˿̣ȴһ⣬ҵͻ¾·ӡ
տʼ¾ʱģƺһֻǵʱĳʵЩС׼ס
һǽ¾߶˼¡
̶̲ʱ䣬ԵѪ֮ɫȥһħͷ
ֻԵɫȴ쳣ƽԴ˸ûһ롣
¾ǰɱɷѰԪܴʹףۻɵɷȴǿԡƬռ䵱еɷ㹻侫ҲͨɷܱȽϡһΣҵҪ¾ܹεȲΡ
ܵڷ·ĳڻţԵһ˿Ρ֪ǹҪ׵ǰ׼
ųԵϵѪɫŨȫȫرһѪ˶
͡͡
֪ȥ˶죬ʱʱطһ졣
죬ʮ
ÿһ֮ʱԵ嶼΢΢һ£ܵĳĳһ㡣

ĳʱ̣ͫ׶Ȼһ˫۾
ûбĴʿݣֻ֣Ѫۡ
һ˫۾ȫѪɫ
Ѫɫδãͻһ˿˿ѪɫɢǰյС
еѪɫʧϵѪ壬ҲһըѸٵɢյС
ܵѪɫɷ˿Χٵţһ˿˿Ĥ֮⣬ɢͺߵԼĿһ㡣
֪ڵ¾ʲôˡ
Ե岢δʲô仯ȴһصĸоԼ·ĳһһܹһƬռ䵱е׳ꡣ
ûо̣ܲһж
ǿʳйɣ˭ߣ˭ߡ
ûв̣ûʴȡ
¾϶ǽˣھûԪ۽ڼףҲƬռˡǲ֪Ҫܹ뿪
ɷѾ˺ԣɳȴǸ뿪ˮֵطǱʶز볤õشȥ
ո£Լ㵱УǴнµʱ䡣
һ㣬ٳѡιƶѾʼ찡
֨
ʱͷһ׹Աǿ·һſˡ
һţ
һ۾˳ûκζ룬ֱȥ
磡
Ըһӹȥо˷ľ֮
ĿһƳͿվںϿսؿߣæӵԡ
磬ոȥˣôһգ۾ͲˣȻͻȻֻˣ񿴵Գ֣ɻʵ
һգ۾ͲͻȻֻˣ
ԣɵ˺£ɴڣȴøӹӡ
Լˮ˰ʱ䣬ȴǹһ˲䡣
ⲻò÷̾ˮ۵ֶΣʦ

ȻʱͻȻֿеԪͬˮ㳯ӿȥ
˿̵ĳԣͺһ࣬ΧеˮͳͳҪһ㡣
һΪûתֻΪԪɿĸɾˣеԪԶӿ塣
ʱ䣬ԵԭѾɿ˵Ԫ˲ñ
˴˿̣ӿ뵽ڵԪûоʹֹסɢϢ
ĽڴʦĽ׺ڴʦĽ۷ʦ׳ڴʦ
ûƬ̵ֹͣϵϢͺѸٵڣĽ۷嵽׳ڴʦûͣƬ̡
һֱ۷ʦϵϢͣһ˲ܿȻһء

һ΢죬һ״ʦԪӳԵɢ
һĻʱķֱɵۡ
ͻˣԷˮһ򵥣
ǰĳԣݣ˿̶Щ״
ԸǿϢʶ¾ĺô
Ҳ֪ͻӦòеڶˣΪǰڵΪ˶֧Щʱ䣬ڵԪͿգ˿˵Ѿܳܵļޡ˿̳¾Զתʱ㽫ΧؼԪնȥ
ҲָֻܻĽڴʦΪľ嶼״ʦ廹ܸܳԪ¾ûֹͣԪֱ˳ܳܵļޣֹͣ
⻹Ҫл㴫¾ءڸոգһԵɺ£Ѿ¾ˡ
Ц˵ϲ

ȻʱԶȻƬռ·ͬһʱ䣬ԣһռѷ춸Ȼ֣ͨѷ죬ԾȻԿľ
ѷ죬ֱͨϿȣɫһ
ʱ򣬳ߵļֻǶѾϢǱߣҲǳѷ죬ЩѷֱͨϿȡ
Ա֪ͨȵȴƬ̣ȸϹȥʱͻȻˮƺҪ̮ˡ
æ뿪ԼҲǵһʱ˳ȥ
֮Ǹտʼˮĵطº󣬱ǿ򽣵Ҳһ˳
˶󲻾ãǰĺˮʱ¡¡ֻǺˮûһһߵֱƾʧǰǱһ޴ƽأںˮ·ûֹһ㡣
⡭
һĻ˶Ŵ۾뵽Լںˮеһָܿƽһ̾ˮǸΣգҲǸĻͱﰡ
ˮһ֮Уÿ˵Ϊһء


410 㻹ûʸ
ԸҪ˵ʲôɫͻȻһת˲Զһɽͷ
ǸɽͷϣվʮӰ
Իͷ֮ʱʮӰٶȿ쵽˼㣬߽ͨ״ʦٶϣҲǱȲǶ١
ǵߣڸλ
ʮ˸һأǶȻһгŨŨ벻ɿܡ
ЩͲ󣬵ϣﻹǶһλߵϢ
ȻǶλ֮ˣͨȡ
ӿǣǶɣǴҸû̳ˡ
ͻȻһӰͻȻ䵽ԵǰƳ˳һۣʮ˵
òòʣֳһɫ˼Ϊĸо
죬ȻΪʲôʱˣ
üͷ壬Į˵
⻰ҲǸ߳Դ˵ݡ
֣ͫ׶Ȼһ죬ӿһһ֣ǬԪжպĴڣǰͻƵ߽״ʦͻܹһƵİ˽״ʦ˵ӿһ
ʲôĻԵȻصӿڵˣ£ǾͶҷӿɡ⣬ϵĿռָȽҰɡ
쵭˵
ʲôȻǽռָӱ¿𣿡
ûȻͼǵĿռָŶûС
ȻʵǿҲ˺һ
Ļӿڶһɫ䣬˵˿ӡ
ƺͲһĻֻЦЦĿ䵽ʮϣʮǶӿһĵӣȽռָҰɡҪҵĻҲҪΪϵıΪŵ˼
ʲô˼
ʮ˵˵ΣĻʱŴͣΪҪǵĿռָһǽռָ졣
ǬԪѾ˾ҵĶ˵еİħָˡرӿھȻǰħһӣڽһǰͻȻѣһҹ֮ӿţʧ˿ӿеѾѰڡ
춢ʮĮ˵š
ֹ죬ҲԿǵ߽ͨҲҪ˽ռָ
һǰʱýɱʱڶǿ졣
Ե໥ۣ׹Ѿ֪˶߳ˮϢ¶֮ǰǰչжɱӿһֲ
ǰħӣ˲ţ֮ʲôϵΪҪǵĿռָѵ㻳Ҳǰħɣ
˿ӡ
ҲûлǰħֻںˮһıཫԸħԹƵáҲûеõҪռָңǼǵĶһŲᶯ
ѾЩͷʮȰǻǱﵢʱ䣬ƽϷæ׷ڵ£ǰҪռָģͲ죬ŵƽˡһֱĵأǼﶪʧ䵽˰ħϣܳе𣿵ʱ˵ǣǱɣҪ˶ꡣ
죬ŪңƽҪռָҶ˵
ҲǱ⻰˵Ƣص죬ûʸ񡭡
Ǳҳְ
û뵽˲ӣһǵ˶˵棬ͫױƳʮʮҲһ𣿡
ڸ˵𣿡
ʮգգ۾˯Ƶġ
ǺǣȻˣҾʹƽ̽ѵһˡ
䣬ǻһ⣬Ѹٵʮ
վʮԣȴҲܹܵϵϢǺεǿ
˿춯֣׷ȥǺ죬ǾãʵȻǿʮҲþӦ
ҲǸ˺ҪʵǴﵽʲô̶ȡ

ٶȼ죬գۼʹ׾룬ʮǰֻƴžҵƷʮ˵ӡ
ͨ۷ʦ۷ʦҲֵסһƣ϶ҪԵʵʵġ
ʮˣȴһĨڽĻȡ
ǵͫ׵ȴ˸صĹâ

˵ȭͷͬʱӳֻϣһǿʱʮ˵Σ΢΢վԭء
߽״ʦ˶ͻƵ߽״ʦˣôܣ
ȻһҲûˣռ˾ԵϷ磬ʮϵǿϢ϶ʱֳһĨ𾪵ɫʡ
죬һͬǰʮ꣬ҲһؿߣΪҲ߽״ʦΪΪѹסЩˮڴʦȻ£һӿУȻǳ߽״ʦ
ӿһУ߽״ʦ
һʱ䣬ЩӿߵķвɵøֳĽ뼵ʵɫʡ
Ǻǣѹָôҷˣԭͼ˰ΪͻƵ߽״ʦͿҿ𣿽죬ռָǽҲýҲý
عϵ֮ɫɢתָ˱֮ɫһʮȥ
죬̫Ȼڵһ㣡
Ϊֳ㹻ʵ֪ѶˣȴȻû˿˼ɫҲѿ


411 죬һڣ
һڣ
ЦһŲȻӿ죬磬գۼʮ˽ǰֻȭͷżٵƷ죬һɽȥ
ֻȭͷ̺Ŀֲʮҵȫӭȥ

˫Ĺٶһ
ȻһΣ˫ȭͷոһ𣬰һɿֲɢʮζʱͬ߷ݰ㣬ź浹˳ȥڿյϣҳ

һĻ˶ʱһ
̫ǿˣ
˫֮Ĳ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
ʮ˵ΪͻƵ߽״ʦĲΣǶ֣Ȼֵһȭ
ӿһĵһˣ֮
ˣܹóոջˣʮԻˡ
ңĵطɲȭͷеĳ
ʮ֪ڿɷԸ⽫ռָңҪԵȥȡʱҿɲոˣ
춢ŻվʮһĮ
ȻʮͻƵ߽״ʦһ£Ҳ΢һ£ͲǶˡ
ΪĿ꣬ӿǬԪ
Ŀ꣬ǳΪӿһĵһǳΪǬԪϵĵһ
˶ˣǵĿռָͳͳĻǿɲֵġ
֮ʱһǰڶǿȥˣ׷׶ŸԿǵߴ˵Ŀǡ
ȻʱʧߵʮȴͻأطڽͳĴЦ
üͷоĪ֮ʱ˵죬ҳϣǿҺʮֶĶ֡Ǿ仰죬һڡ
ǺǣҺڣ֪ƾʲô
ǱˣԲٵȥˣ첽ʮȻǵ治֪ôҾԴϽռָҳɡ
˵֮䣬ӿһɿֲǿϢϢȻǴﵽ߽۷ʦĲΡ
һĻж΢΢һɲһߣ߽۷ʦΪƾǰ˽۷ʦĶְɣ
ֻǣȻЩȣĿ⣬ȴǳ
ΪǶ֪˵죬һڡ
ȻûĿ⣬ʱأԳʮ
ͫУ˲мŭ
ʵڲףǰڽµˣ˿ô˸а塣
˵һڣ
ڿЦô
첻ȥ⣬ȫ˷ʱ䡣
Ҫģǽ˳״ſ£ȻԴϽռָߡ
ݣ
ȻΪϾͿԽʮ˴ſʱһεĽ֪ʱѾǳǰɭķâȫëףȻ
ʲôˣ
첻ǰ̤һٳ̵ΣӲͣ
һ̣ȻᵽϢ
ʮˣˣ˵죬ŵƽ̣Ҳѵ
ͬʱʮ˵ǰ֪ʱһӰ򽣡
˿̵򽣿ȥΪƺǺܸߣȻһȴΣϢԿ϶ܹκһ˽״ʦΣճ̶ȶԶԶȲӡ
û˵֣ʲôˣ֪֪Ƿƽ̵ǰ£ʶؾͿ
мɵ򽣣˺ƤֻǽŰϣ˶Է
ͨˣᱻסϾʵ̫ǿӿһĴŵƽ̣Ҳӿһǿߡ
Ȼ򽣵УͲὫЩ˷УΣ˵ʱ򣬱˵ƽ̣ӵӣ
ȻӴʱ䲻ǺܳѾǾֵܡ
Ϊ˱סԼֵܰΣȻὫİв¡
вҪʮѾһĨɱ⣬˲ҲȥǱˡҪԸеˣǺܱǸһΪ˸ޱȲصĴۡ

򽣵Ļһ£һͬǰڶ߽״ʦһʧɫ¶֮ɫ
˭Ҳ̫˰ɣǸʲôѵܹſ⣿ſӿĶ˭֮ԣ
ֱǲˣǸʲôò˶ҲҪȻŵϡ
ʵǲƺЩɵ
ʲôʵҲһõһУ˹һоͻᱻնɱ
һͬǰˣҲкΪ൱ˣſȰ˽״ʦʵܹ򽣵ʵ
ֻȴûһܹ򽣸ո۳ĽȻǴ˵еľ֮
֪ˣǾͲ˵򽣲ô˰ɡ
˼ǣһҪסʮô춢򽣣˵
ȻʵǿΪΣյĸоȻܺˣһЭˣ겻С棬ҲҪ׻ٵˡ
ǺǣûʲôԲԣʮˣκ˶˺Ƕˡ
˵ţûȥһۣĿ˳ԣѯԵ
ͻȻƿĿ⣬첻ɵɻʶضĿȥÿվڲԶĳԡ
Զҡҡͷ˵ҩַֺ°ɡ
ã


412 տϢ
˳ԵĻҲɣֱתʮ
ԵȻƽͣȴ·ִһ㣬ûκ
һĻЩ֮⣬һͬǰ߽״ʦҲһɻѣ׷в²ųԵݡ
ʲôˣ
˳ۣ̲סʵ
ǱֵغãĮЩϡ
ӿһĵһ֣죿
Կѯʣ仰ո£شЦһǼ˵ǰһΪǸô򵥵ˣһ棬Ҳˡǣ棡
һ仰Խ΢һ֣ʹ仰ȥΪش̶
Χۿˣʱһɴ۾Щ˻һһȻûһġ
Ҫ֪Ʋıݲ˵ԼʵҲʵ߽۷ʦӿһĵһŰ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ˮĴʦûоóţóǲ̫ʴˣ
ǿǷǳԾźεӴ˵һ죬ңҪԣҲҪϸصһɣ
ɫһʱȥλѣ
һ£ҶԺʲôʱˣ
˿ӣֱӴĻ
㡭
ǻһ˿ɱ⣬𣬡˱㣬ŸôﰡǺǣҵҪҪѵˣ˭ܹˡ
컰£ζȻٶȴﵽ˼£˵Ƿ۵糸
֮Խٶȴ߶ޣΪ볽һξ򽣷Ӧ֮ǰ֮ƣԻݺݵؽѵһԼʵ⣬ͲԼ֪С

ȭͷȻ𣬼ٵƷ𣬿з·ϸ΢ıը
ŽߣȻû˿֮ĳԣһĨ֮ɫ
㶼֪ôôȻˣֻ˵㵹ù˰
вмûκε˼ȭͷȻȥ
ȻڴʱͻȻǰǸӣǷ·һĨмĻȡ

쾪ע£ֱ̧ȭͷȭͷһ
ŵŵŵš
һ̣켱ǰΣȻֹ£˱Ŀзһƺ졣Լˡ
ȫž
ųԳֽˣ˶̲סԳʵѾ˽ⲻٵ򽣵ˣҲǷ׷Ŵ͡
ǧĽöˣ̧С졣
ǿ֪ݵģΪ֪һ㣬һ̣Ӷֱ˿հ׵С
ԾȻӿһĵһ֣ӿһ죿
Ҫ֪ڶ̶ǰһСǳС߰
ۼ֤˳ԵٶȣǧĶҪͷļ
ôܣʱ䣬һͨߣɳΪһԶԿӿһһֵˡ
һ֣ɲʲôͨ˰ǰڸոͻƵ߽״ʦʱܹһư˽״ʦ°ʱȥΪ߽۷ʦʵƶѾԿһ˽۷ʦ˰ɣ
ʵӿһǿߵˡ
Ȼӵȿʵ죬ڸոյһȭ֮УȻԸˡ
ôܣ
˭ӿƺû˵ôһﰡ
ӿ߽״ʦϵǶйأû˵ѵˣ
򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ŵ͡
һЩ֪ݵˣǾ̾
ֵܵΪһǧﰡһǰֻǸ߽״ʦ֮޵УŹȥһʱ䣬Ϊ˳̶ȣ춼Ķ֡
˵ǳԵĴ磬ǸԻˣύôһ磬ԺǺԶɺͻҪҲҪúõһˡ
١⻰˵ôֵȾҪŽᣬԼȻųֵܣǾǵֵܣҪǺԶɺͻҶԸֵܣǾǻòͷˡ
Աֳǿʵ˸Ǹе쳣ԺտʼǻΪųʵ򽣣Ͼ֮ǰ¶ʵûﵽ߽״ʦ֮ûбֹǿʵ˿ʵһչ¶ʱˡ
򽣺Ҳ̾û뵽Եʵ֮죬иοԺΪǳǵˡ
û뵽㵹ǻˢӰȻֵܹסһȭ㵹ʸҰνˡ
춢ųԣɫƽûΪΧ˵ֳۣŭ
Ҳ̫˰ɣΪԼжոջ޴ˣھȻ˵ʲô޴ʸνҲ̫Լ˰ɣ
ǧĻһزˬ
սҰҲŵ̫Լˣ϶ᱻ޴
ҲͬصͷԸոձֳʵȻ˵ܹȫѹס죬Բȴһ߸ϵ̬ƺűԻˣͲʲô
Ƕ̫СˣֶΣɲȭͷϣĳ֮ϡ˵һʵԣпʱ
֣ص˵죬еû˭˽⡣
ʲô
Ļǧĵ޲Ǵʧɫ
ȥƺǺܶ࣬ʵ൱սʱһʵȻĽԶһԻڶʱڱ
Ǻ
Ϊʵ൱£ͻȻʵԵ춨ս֡


413 ɱ
ô죿ҪҪȥ޴Сģ
ǧĵȻǲỳĻ
νʵıڳ˵ἫΣհ
û˵ѾҡͷֻЦһ⵹ǲãȻʵǿ󣬰νʵųֶΣȭͷ棿ֶΣҲĽϡ
Ҳڽϣ
⻰˶ʱüͷ
Цŵ˵νʵųνʵٻ屶˵屶ĸ󣿡
ǵҶˡ϶ᱻֵܸո۸ҺֵôţҾͿš
ʮЦǰҪνӿһ֣ΰڳԵϡ
ǺǣǾͰνȱȰɡҵĻ춯ҵֵܣôֵԣ죬һڣ
ԿŻγ죬أЦЦҲǻ齣˳ƽ̣ҺŵҲЩ飬첻˺㡣ҪҵֵܵǸС
ǸôǵȽסһ˵
ݣ
һĳ⼤䣬ɣȻԳϿշ£ƥĽɱ˳ԡ
һпûֶ̺̫£һȦϢĹâʱɢ·Ҫ˸ɵһ㡣
е˼ʵ̫Сˣûؽнʮ֮һء
ƾЩâ䵽Լϣеĳûһ£Ǽƽûκα仯
ܹܵЩâͺһվһ߽ͨ۷ʦǰ˽״ʦƶἫǱһСľͻܵ˺Ǻεǿڼ׶߶ƾͿ׵صֵסЩâ
ôܣȻ͵ֵסһˣĳ۷徳ϳ˽նнնɱ˽״ʦ
ϳˡ϶Ǵһ۷弶ڼף޷ֵסһ
ԭһΪܹƾ͵ֵסһˣˡ
Χ߿һĻ޲Ǵ󾪣˵Դ۷ڼ׺󣬷˿
ֻǵĵףȫ
ֱʹѹʽɣʡ˷̫ʱ䡣
Զüͷ죬Į˵
ѹʽǺǣͲ±ɱ𣿡
춢ųԣеЩ棬Եûд۷εڼס
Ǹ£ɱҲˡܱܲÿζ˵󻰣ѵΪͷϹһʲôӿһ֣͸оԼĸһ𣿿㶯֣ûôģٲ֣ҿɾͶˡ
˵֮䣬Ѿһȥ
֪ΪΣڳԸո̤һԼʱͻȻһĪѹ
ͽһУն
ɱ
һгն£һɳɱĽϵشӳзУŨҵɱ֮⣬һɺ޵غĪ⣬ǲߣһ֣δչǾͻȱƣȫʧȥֵ֮
ʲô쾹Ȼֱʩչһˣ۷幦Ҿ˵Ѿɾˣ׽ǰ˽۷ʦĶɱİ
ǸһҪصùˣȻ۷ڼ׻û㹻ʵڼףҲˣʱ򻹲ƾ׸
˵һӰ쵽ߵ˼ά֪˻᲻¹ġ
Щ߽״ʦʩչһ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ֳһ˿֮⡣
򽣵ˣǾؿš
ݣ
κζǰȴǶȻֳһ߳ʵʽոճ֣һȻγɰѹɢ
νĿӰ쵽ǵĽ縡ƼӰ˲ʧظɸɾ
һĻʱ˿ɵˣһӻز
ɱ˽۷ʦľһôô׵ؾͱˣǸƮʵʽǺȻ
֮㾹Ȼ˾֪֮ȤΪһʦǻռң
ʱԶһɽͻȻһӰ˵
տ
Ը׼Ҫ֣ʮǸͻȻֵӰȴͣһۻտ΢΢һЦҡͷǸڳţɡ
ţ
ռҵ˵ͷؿ۳ԣ֪ΪʲôҸоһϤζʶƵġ
˵꣬տȴǲܳʲôķӦҲܳԻ᲻شԼ仰ֱƲĿ⣬ķȥ
Դ˿̸ıòʶոռ˾֮ϲΪһܹ֮Ľޣھ棬Ŷ츳źܴļʿԳΪһʦȻԾܾ룬ȻٵڶƤ볽ԡ
ҲǿЦһҲȥտϾԼһݡµĿģҪʮ˵Ǹǡ
Ȼտߵߺ˵Ļȴó˳
֡ʮ֣λһҿҪͷˡոѪɭʱͻȻһѶϢң˵һλԵֵڵĳǳǣվҪܵӹǵȫ湥ҺԶɡҲɳ˴ֶսƺҪǣǡǰȥֹ


414 ۾
ǣ
տĻû˵꣬˱Ǿط֣վڻտԶǸӣ΢΢һ٣һ޷ݵĿɷ
һƬռ¶ȣ·ֱȴ
˵ʲô
տĻҲ˲ˣһǳ˻տץŻտļǻտӦ죬һץƶᱻԸץ
Ȼȴ˿˲ЩֱֱضŻտ
տǳ⳽ԣͷȴǿ˫ǳһƬ޾ɷӿͬһħͷһɭæתеֵܵ˼ꡣ
һտɫȻɭ䣬һλߵϴɢҪǳ⳽ԡ
ǵ£ҪѾŭ
ȻûڣĽæߵߣԵݸ
Ȼǡ
տʱŴӣ̧סԼӣС죬Ȼ˾κˡ
ǰ춼ѹ·磬ʵٿȰ˽۷ʦӣȻǳԣ
Ǽǵúʱǧ볽ԷֿʱԵʵ߽ʦڲǰ˵ܹĽ״ʦѾǾ
Ȼ£ǿʲôĽ״ʦųӿһĵһǿ죬ѹ·硣
ٶȣӵе
չϸ˵һˣ
һҲǻعˣϵɷɢǲ֮ɫ
˶㵱첻𣿡
Ժ棬ֱ˵ŭ緢ոûܽѵԷѹƣ棬˿̱Ӹǳ׼ŭ
ಣ
Ȼһ˳ԣѾд⣬Ҫһеػɱԡ
һγ֣û˿ֲ֣Ԫɢ˸һּ˿µĸо
Σյĸо̽ƷħҲӵС

Ȼ͵ҪʱԶȻһϵɷٶ糱ˮӿ󣬶ȻһĶ̽
ݣ
ֲĽֱֻһϢӭҿǣһʱͲ֪εֵɫʱޱ䣬иһɾκˡ
һôôǿ
û˻شֻǰĽȻŴ󣬿ֲϢѹ

֮£ֻ˲佫ʵԪ۳һ׷סԼеĽҲǺ𣬿ס˳Թľ֮ţһҵĺը
ߣ
ֻúԼϵĲʲôһ޴ޱȵɽ壬һһɾ͵Ѹٵشֱۡϣһ飬ͬʱ̲סˣзһƺߡ
ң֮Уֲ̺·һɸɷ
ɷ㹻ǿ󣬻㿡ݵɫǱһƬҰס
һν棬˽ǳȫȻĽȴ˴۾
価·硣

챻ˣӿһһˣȻһ˸ˣһ˵ظɴࡣ治֪˭Ȼȿµʵ
ոһǿֲôԶҶܹظ̺ܵĿֲɷһǹңҿֵûСֵܹס˵ӿһһ˵ĳƺţٵġ
ǺǣҲ̫Сˣô˵ҲӿĴҵֱϵӵܣ츳˸ߣӿһһˣϿ϶ŲٵƣȻʵǿ죬ɱɲþĶ֡
ĵƲδϣһʹ˵ƣӿһһǿߵĳƺţʵ
챻˵һĻд󾪡вѾȫϿ˳Եʵó컹Ҫǿ˵ʱ佫ʵ볽Աȡ
Ҫ֪Ѿȫˡ
֮ǰδ֮ʱ˭˵ܹ֧ŸУԱϵΪſ״ʦΪͲ˺üΡ
۵ƣû˻óܹȽϡ
Ȼ֮һĽȴһαһ𾪣رǳԸոʩչľ֮⣬û˻Լֵܹ
Ϊ˽ˣ϶첻ʹ˰ܱ
չΣֱ棬¸м
Կûһۣ˵ҲǳţŻտʵ
տǿѹĵ𺳣һ˵λӹǵ˵ȷǶǷˣһɡԶҲ˴ֱ֣Ž״ʦӣ˿ǣòʱ䣬ִܹˡ
ԭûأ
˿ŵһʯҲ
ǰòŰճ̵˼óǿ֮ǰǾͱӹǸˣ̸ǿ
ӹǡɡԶɣǱҵģҪǣǲ֪ûӦĴۡ
۾΢΢
ʱԵظܵһɭȻɱӿɫ˲ñ䡣
һѵԼɱô
ҳϣʵѾõҵϿɡƾЩΪʵѹסʵɲǱô򵥡
춢ųԣĿȻ
˿һĻһ۾֪αȻҪˡ
˵ʵɲǱô򵥡
ƣ
Ҳ鷳پ壬ǾݹҲˡѾʧȥģȲǣȷǰȻסǣܵ˿˺


415 ôôǿ
ΪһֱȥĽɲ˵
ԵĻ̲ס˰ۡ

ѵովͿˣ
Ȼ˵ҲҸ㣬Ҫµ㶫ߡ
컰һ䣬ӶȻƾ
ûƾͬ㻺Ʈ
ϵ߶ʱɴӣһ
ڣǵʦӵеֶΰ
ѵΪ߽۷ʦѾͻƵʦˣ
ǣôܣ
һбҿ쿴Ľ£ƺ
ûǷбҵĵλ൱߰бܹӵС
ӵзбҲܹڲ֮ˣѹ˵Ǹµ㶫ԭ̰
˵ĻȷǶԵģʵɲǱô򵥡ӵзб죬ۺʵѾѰľŽ״ʦ˰ɣ
ǸҪùˣ
˵ۣϻֳһ˿ԵõɫųЦҲʲôݣȻӲҪԣͱҪӦĴۡΪܹӵõҽµķбת֣һ׼ױٶȲȵʦ죬ֻҪһֻ֣ҾͲƽϡ
ͣΪʲôһб;úţˣôĶ֪
ˣ֪Ǹ׳ᡣ
ǰΪһһҲˡ
ȻѾڲ֮أڳԼΪ˽ˣȴ൱¶ӣĽȻı䡣
СӥȥҰɡ
Եؿ죬һĨм
ƽϣһٶԼѾ޷̡ԼӵзбͲ˷УʵóЩм
ϣ
һӥ֮һӴĺɫӰȻڳԵԣӥ
ǡޣһͷޣ
ôȥô죿ǡӥôܣӥΪͨԪްͷɢϢѾﵽƷ۷ˡ
ûһͨƷ۷壬ϣҾȻܵһΣյϢ죬ҶܻΣյĸо
֪ͷӥܷԸ졣
СӥɢĿƣûСӥߣ׷
ͷӥʵȻҲȲˣ찡ⶼһȺʲô
տĿգۣͣǰһĻƵġ
ݣ
СӥֺĿʴ죬ӥĿӿһĨڽһ͵طӶдգֱֱ졣
һͷȻͼҽֱ֣Ѱ·ȻҾͳȫ㡣
쿴СӥԼȻЩںߵٶȣȴΪŭ
СӥһٶȻС
ƣֻѪܹϴˢ

һеĳȻСӥ
ʩչʽǸոնԸʱһС
һжԸ˳ԣҲԸСӥ
һ̬ѵһͷҲô̬
Ȼǲһ㡣
ǰ˽۷ʦҪرܵĿһСӥ·δһ㣬ӭȥҾȻûκεֵʩֱȥ

ʱСӥ档ֻеѪһĻδ֣ǽһػ𻨡
˽۷ʦҪȫֲֵܵǿһȻСӥķδƿ
ɲǼ䣬޲ǵɴ۾
ܣ
Ǵ˻

һ£СӥһֻѾͷ¡Ͳܣæֻܾ֮ȫֵˣǹɿֲĳɲܳܵסģһʯͷһҵ졣
ڶ߿һĻ޲кȻʶСӥߣҲһ̾
ԵʵѾǹµˣȻϣȻһͷӿµޡ
һƣͽӿиˣ
Ҫ֪ĵĿɲʲôèӿһĵһǿ߰
˵ĿⶼǼе˳ϡ
ֻһĮƺԤϣһ㶼֡
һĻȻʹΧĸ𶯡
;ˣ١Կ˵ı飬Цһû̫ġ
ôôǿ
챻ڵϣֻнֱðһƬңϰκŻعѾվ˳ԵСӥ𺳲ѣͬʱһ˿¡
ԶԷոձֳʵƿԺɵؾɱԼɣ
Ի죬һĨζЦ⣬ǰͣ£Եڵصתּ
һԾȻȥת֣ɫʱˣҪȥθն͸ܵԶһĿɭȻͬʱɷӿֻҪ΢춯Ȼֱӽɱ
ӥ
ŭؿӥȴǲǰһҧųԽתּ
ƺͦģȥˡҲҪˣʲôʱˣһҵ档ҼҴҵҵҪɡӶѣҲʲôö
еת֣һֱ뵽˷ռ䵱С
һ׼ױڳ˵ȷһˣǷбǳԼõϡ
㡭
ʱתֿ̣ʦ֮µ˶սʱӵתֱֵڲ֮ءõõǾŽ״ʦܻᱻѹסתҲһתֵٶȣǵͽ׵ʦܹ׷


416 
һԾȻôˣһ˵ôͱһѪ㻹㲻ˣȻһͷҽ֣б㽫תֻңһʤ
ͣ
䣬վڲԶĻտȾ̲סЦ죬㻹Ĵأûǰ˭˵ʵǵϵģԼ޻㣬ѵͲˣֻ׼ʹת֣˵ˣתһܷеĴʦӮҵʣҵƤôôҲĴ壬һտĳ衣
죬ǰΪǸڲ֪ԭҲֻǸĻɫ㲻ȥһǽײˣʡﶪۡ
˼ֱǶĴӿߵ
ͬΪĴĽҲ׷վ˳ָ첻м
ǼΧľ󲿷ߣҲǿʼЦ
ΪӿһһǿߣǶΪΪ˼з緶һȻ²ű˻ܣȻͱֵ˲ݣǴʧ
ȻҲǲһ㣬жڳԵķߺ֮⣬ʱøŨһжΪԣɨء
СӣҲ˭ϹҿͷǸǺԣʱӳӿûܹס㡣
춢ųԣɭȻ˵
Ϊ˰棬ֻǽ̣ҲһŵƸ˦
쾹ȻҶˣķŭ˰Ҳѹ֣ôǰ˭ﶼ
ͿôˣȻҺʧô˵ʵݰǲܺӡ
ôȻĴ壬ʵȴ٣һ⣬ȻոոֱӶʮ˶𣿡
ǰȻʵ߻һӿµޣ죬ǵùˡ
һͬǰĸ߽״ʦ򳽻ԵĿ⣬Щ֮ɫû˻óԿ
첻ʵǿ󣬱ҲǲСҿ˵Ĵ֮ףѷɫӿһŵĴڡڴӿ˶ʼ²һ᲻ᱻȥ
£ǳԻ죬û˻ΪԻȡúôǳ׼ŭϧҸ
ȻвԼ߽״ʦ֮ɫȴȥһۡ
ʵҲûжٵ֮ʱ͸ҺͻɡԶɶһʵң
û˼ɫʱһ䣬Ҫǳ⡣
ʱǰһ˵죬ʵȷǱҺʮǿһдҲû˵ݱĻаտƴùǣ
ʮҲЦҪΪԼеʵͺûߣҲҪΪԼ΢еݣ;κ˶ҵ㡣Ҹ㣬ҪҸĻںڵ׼붯ֵһë

ʮ⻰һһͬǰĸ߽״ʦɫ˾޴仯
˭Ҳû뵽ʮ˳׵սڳһߣΪ˰ԣǱںڶ˳
Ҫ֪ɿɲʲôССϺǱһ΢ǿһߵһŰ
˵ɣһɣҶ޷Ӧ
˿ʮ˵̬ȣȴ൱ȷֻҪҪҶԸԣһžԻԸҡ
ȻΪ˲٣еĵλԲѷɫҵĵλڸŵжһĻȨ
һʱ䣬򳽻ԵĿ⣬޲ǱĽ
ˮߣȴһƽӡ
սҰʱǾϵ˻һĻ
ڵʮǼ˳νڵݣʮ˾
˾вˣܲվ
㡭ǡȻһѹңΪĴһ𣿻տ⣬ǶĴһʮҷǾǲĴĴͬ飬ѵһԹ𣿡
챻ʮòᣬȻǲԸ׵ưոݣĿͶ˻տˡ
ĻЩ߽״ʦҲǸˣĴƺſɲǸǵģʲôѣĴ嶼ֽұںѹƣӦûվɣ
죬Ĵͬ鲻٣ƺָӵİɣ˵ˣǵĵģѲھǵĵˣǵĻֻ˵ӽˮˡ
Իտ̬ʱ̲סЦνӿһһ֣ʵͽ
ٸһ㣬ոѾ֪λǳԵĴ磬Һͳѹϵ볽ҲѣѵҪȥԸѵĴ磿Ҳó
Żտ£˶վ˳Ŀгض졣
룬տ˵ȻԹۣ϶վ
ֻԵĿ꣬ǸǾúޱӣǰҺ󲻿һ졣
֮⣬ԡǧ½áХ񼸸һĴҲһض졣
һĻЩ߽״ʦʱɵˡ
ʱ׹Ǹȥޱӣʵǿÿ°
Ϊ˰һˣȻԸңѵҪŶŸҸǣҽ쵽£Ƿƽ̵Ŀ


417 ޱ
տ˲ûаԿʮԸиŭǲģֱӽƽ̸˳
ӿȻǴھԵ۷壬˿ӿԼš
źƽദˮˮ֮ûʲôìܣ뢲ʲô໥ƺأûκεغ֮ǣ˵ӿľްԡ
һţԼŰ֮һתìͷһԸԡ
ʱѾŵ˵תìͷҪķʽóԡúôһŭϨ
ֻǺܿ죬Ϳտһ˿ڽ֮⣺죬㲻ðŰˡΪһǸˣȻǺֵܳԹϵ볽ԹϵõĲǼŵĿϣС̡볽ԣֵƣ

տ⻰һв֪һ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ʱ𺳡Ȼ֮ģĽ뼵ʡ
ϵݼӿ߶֪ǵ߶ţǸ츳ţŴΪŵӡ
ţѾǿĴڡ
ͿϳֵܣǲǺųֵ
ɫ˲òҰף˵ı飬֪տû˵Ϲǰտʱ˵Ļ͸ӿȷˡ
ԺͿ֮ĹϵĲһ㡣
ɺޣһôôãȻ볽ֵܣǸֺͿֵܡߡ׼֣ˣ´ûôõˡ
˵ţˣƳһ۳ԣûֱӳʱķȥҲͬһк
˼ֱ֣һ㶣Ƿ׷׳Ц
ˣԲ֮ƽϣΪʴȣΪûжԿҵİա
ҲɺԶֶɣֽӽһŵУпܻڱȵʦҪµĴڡ
ʦ
ԵʦİգʦǿֶΣɲġ
ǡ
ܹΪŵ洫ӣ
չˡҪǣ´ε̳ǣٺúøл㣡
뿪󣬳ŶŻտ˹֡
ǺǣҲֻǸѶİˣҲûʲôлġտ˰ֵ
˵ʲôҶ൱Ҫ
˵ţʮˣڱҪϸǣҲһͬǰɡ
ǣ
ڳԴЩĿǣû˿ãˬشӦ
ڼʶԵĿʵǶųѾǳ׵óϷ
˵ʲôЩһͬǰĸ߽״ʦǼΪĵһĻ
տҲ۾š
ǰֵüǿƵʮڳǰȻ
Ե˵ͷȥ˵ı飬һ֣ͳͳ뵽˷ռ䣬ԼǷӶ𣬳Сӥƿȥ
ǡռ䱦
̧ͷ𽥱Сĺڵ㣬ڶ߽׸߽״ʦٶȾ
ܿǾͷӦԸոʹռ䱦ƺµҲ˲٣
ȻʲôҲû¾뿪ˣ¼Լںˮеĸ¼ض𽥵ǬԪ
˵Ҫ˶೤ʱ䣬Եᴫ˵ĶС
ֻһж볽޹أ֮ǰʹõһֱ֡
ϣСӥıϣĿ⡣
ʱСӥѾϼٷɳһʱ䣬Сӥٶȣٹʱܹϵǡ
磬֪ڵ𣿡
ʱСӥ˵
Ŀ·ֻ·һƬ̴дУһͷȻһƬɭ֣ƬɭֱѪɭַΧȴС˲١
һȻѵǲɭ֣
ڲɭ֣ȻǺϤһʱǳڲɭ֣ҲΪ塣
ҲɭСӥϼңСӥڲɭֵʶġ
СӥҪȥѿ𣿡Цʵ
Сӥ뿪ɭ£Щ
˭֪СӥȴҡͷһЦ磬Ȼڲɭ˲ʱ䣬ЩʱҲΪƽҪġǸڴǿɱڵʺҡҵѾͲȥˣ
Сӥ˶٣Ȼȥҵѣɭܹ黹Ҫȥһˡ
һ㶣ϸһ룬ƺ뵽ʲôҾȻ¸Ūˡ
뵽ֳһ˵ɣȻٶȺܿ죬ϵǣǻȱ벻ɭ֣ǣȷǰȫжᡣ
ã
СӥҲ˿ǵķжȥ
Ȼڶ˲׵ʵڲɭ֣Ҳ뵽ɭֵڲȻɭô˵ҲһյأȻٲһЩޣ˵޶С
СӥڷɵغܸߣϳСӥϼӳһ֮Ϣ¶Ǻ޶˭ܱ֤ޡ޲
˵ھѾԷˣֻСӥɵ̫ߣ˷ʱˡ
Сӥһֱӷ벻ɭ֣ԻᴥŭЩǿޣӶСӥ͵ĹʱЩ鷳
ʱСӥǷɳ˲ɭ֡
ʱһǳصѾ˳ԵҰС
Զ뻪ɵĶûôѸٰ
ӺСӥɵϿգƽ£Ҳ˿ûСӥһʱȥ


418 ͫԳ
󣬳ԽеĽǶ䶼ȫٻ˳ԸǿʼǷԲ֮أͬʱǸһС
ǶԼȻ޷Զ뻪ɣסǣȴ׾١
Զɺͻɲܻɳʦǿߣ£ֻҪеľŽ۷ʦûȫʱ乥ķɱǡ
ʱԾԿԾ
ڳԼǾǰɭֿ
ǵİΣȻҪԶ뻪ɣвóӡ
Ϊ˰ȫֽ˸һ
ǵʵȻܶںԶ뻪ɣǵݣȴǻɺͺԶɸҵˡ
ߵһа׵󣬳ֵȴƬ̣ýǶ߳ԷԲûкԶɺͻƤĶ󣬳Сӥһʱ˲ɭ
ĿģǲɭڲƬ
ӵ󣬳Լпܹеޣǿ
󣬳ڱصá
ʨ߹ԣֻڲɭֵڲ
ƬȻҲвٵޣֻҪСЩԳԵʵǿӦġ
СӥٶȴӲɭָϵҪһʱֻ˲ӣʹԽʮִ˲ɭ֡
ֻʮӣʨĵط
һľɽȣʱʱᴫһ޺֮ϸԳԬ
Ѿ䵽µĳüͷ΢΢һ¡
ԬһԳ޷ͫԳ͵ĺͫԳƷΣһЩ츳΢õĺͫԳѾƽƷƷ
ӹܼԬڵĺͫԳԲ١
ͫԳҲֻǹڵİ֮һ
Ϊ˺ͫԳ֮⣬ԻӦһɱȺͫԳϢϢҲ൱ɹۡ
ϣǵΪҪǿ̫ˣ
һСӥ뵽˷ռ䣬һ˳ɽڴȥ
Ȼ֪λģֻҪҵȺλãͿ϶Կ
һ·ϳҲǷ˲ٵޣĻޣһ־ǺͫԳͫԳͫڣȫҲһƬձﵽϣĺͫԳһȭȥƶǧԽͨ۷ʦÿѪ
һ֣ǳδޣһ󣬳Ծ֪ˡ
һֽаޡ
аĳأͬһŴ򣬿ȥϸһԾͷа岢ϲһǵһĹ
ָо۷ʦȫһ޷ˡ
аĹʽΪһǾǵĳڶͷϵĵֻ۾ֻ۾֮ͨɫˣǽᷢһֺɫߡ
ֺɫһγɣаеģһҲֻǷζѡ
ԷҿһͷƷаһͷƷͨ޷˹߹ƼΪͨһߣȴֱӽƷ޸ɱ
һĻԲò¿ɽе
Űʱ󣬳оյɽȵ봦ǰĳüͷʱ
֮üΪǰаͫԳʵ̫ˡ
ִһɨȥаǺͫԳٳֻ
ɽаͫԳʵĻҪǿϲ٣ձƷϣƷԻвƷϵġ
տʼȶԸаǺͫԳϾʵ̫ǿˣһ𣬾ǳҲ׵ؽʰ
壬Բ뽫𣬶ǽշ
û뵽ǣ޾Ȼܹƽദ
Ҫ֪һɽǺ¶İ
аͺͫԳȻ㲻ʲôޣʤڶ࣬ؽԼռʥأԶʱ佫ǵʵȥʱȻΪһ֧ǿ
ſһݴ棬СǱţϢȫû͸¶ȥ˿ⱻ޸֡
Ҫģǵȣ
޵߳֡
ֵȴ˽ʱ䣬ѾЩĺԶ뻪ɵɱǡ
ʱ򣬳ԺȻ֣һͷͫԳȻ˹
ǰеĺͫԳԼаɽ뾲Ϣţ漫ΪгҲûκһֻ޷ֳԡ
ѵұˣ
üͷ΢΢ûҪȥˣһһߺͫԳаˣҪշͫԳа뷨ܾҪˡ
Ͼһûָ߽ӣǾȫͬһɢɳ壬ǲҪġ
ܿ죬ԾͷԼϹˣͷͫԳǷ֮ߣΪӲָܣߵֻ뷽һ¡
˿Լŷ֮Ϣһĵʦοֻһֻͨޡ
ϻãʩչ󷨣ͷͫԳ뵽ռ䡣
Ե´
ǣ
ϻõӦ
ͫԳ볽ֻʣ²֮ʱһŰɫǻƮŵ˺ͫԳ
ʱĺͫԳûǰĲݴһŰֻر۾ģķʽš
ҪʱһŰȻ𣬽θֱ֡
˲Ϣ֮䣬ֱɢͫԳҲʧԭء
ϻжɹҲǵһʱ˷ռ䵱С
ʲôطô


419 ʶ
ռУͫԳһŵĴǵøոԼ۾㣬ͻȻһŰ֣۾ͷԼİĵط
ͫԳоԼԣͻȻһࡣ
æת˹ȥ
ǳԡ
ܸࣿ࣬ܲңʲôطͫԳųʵεĻҡ
İһؿܣοһͷࣿ
ԵҵȣӭҵĹȣ
㡭ߣ
ͫԳʱɴ۾ҵһʱ𳽻ԣܿͷ֣ڳϸͲһ˿һϢվǰͺȫ뵽յУ޷׽ʱг˾η
ֳΪޣ˼ָһߡ޲һޣһᱻΪߣ²һߡ
һ廹ܹ࣬۳򣬲γһƬһĿռ䣬ֻ޻ʦ
ںͫԳУԵݾʦһߡ
ҰŪ㼸⡣
֪ԼĳĿѾﵽס˺ͫԳ
ĸ壬ǿΪĹһֵΪԣԴʱһʦȻ࣬ͬǵõ˺ͫԳľη
ͫԳһؼܹΪΰ߷һҡ
ԵͷҲ˷ʱ䣬ֱʵ֪ǺͫԳһаһ壬ôƽദأѵ֪һɽݶĵ𣿡
ԲûֱѯʺͫԳаһںεأͫԳĻɡ
ͫԳȻû뵽Իʳ⣬һºҲúʲô˿ͫԳһаһƽദƶɻ󣬵ǹػش𾴵ߣʵտʼǺͫԳһаҲˮݵģ˭Ҳκβ˭ҲؼˡرһǵĴаһĴսһ˭Ҳûܴ˭ϧǾ͸´岻׼ٷκʽ
Ȼô£
ԶʱȻ¾һټû뵽һȻˡ
νĲʶ
峤̾ɽȵУӦΪһɣͣƬ̣Цʵ
ԵʻͫԳûκε˷ܵصͷǵģʱͬʱɽһҲΪŶɽȣҽǹϵԱȽϺõޣҲɽȣͽɽȷءΪԪǺŨԵҲûбǿ޷쳣
ͫԳĴ˵ֻ׵ôԲĳԻȤ
֪ԴеĿģ󣬿¾ǴҲὫ˵
ǵĴаһߣ֪֪ΪҸܲǵϢ
֮ǰͲһ㣬ûиܵߺͫԳԼаϢãͷޣ뿪ɽȣһ뿪Ǵʱ䡣
ͫԳ΢΢Щȣû뵽ԾȻߺͫԳǵϢ˵ƺûԶһֱԼĶѨС
ǵĶѨ棿
Եüͷ΢΢һ壬֮ǰǸӦغѨûκһͷޡ
ǵģǳʱ䶼ǴڶѨһֹǽǵĶѨǶǴ²ŻһζѨ
ͫԳ˵ͷƺ뵽ʲôŵǰҸͶʱҽһζѨǸѨƺһؽѣӦþǸؽ档
ؽѣ
һ㶣ɻѡ
ȴɣˣһеĵλ˵꣬ҲͫԳ˷ֹܲı飬һ뿪˷ռ䡣
ӦǸѨˣ
ԻصɽȺ󣬲δΣֱӽĿ˾״ɽ
࣬ôϽ뿪Ͻ˺ɷ飡
ûԼΣһʱͱͫԳа֣оһͷͫԳֱӳ˹Ȼ˵ó뿪ƣ˿ûó뿪˼
üͷһ壬ܵͫԳǿƣѸٽɽ˼ӭ˺ͫԳ
ͷͫԳɢϢƷȥǺǿ
ͫԳȻûϵԾȻҶǸܵúϵϢ״ʦѣͬһΡ
ǴͬһΣʵ˫ûв
ͫԳͫһĨ̵ĹâһȭųԵԴݺݺ˹ȥ

Բûжһȭ˺ͫԳȭͷϡʱһǿҵĳϯվԭ˿ͫԳȴˣһ𾪡
Ȼû·磬һȭͽͫԳˣȴǾϲѣͫԳںƷΪͱ߽ͨ״ʦҪǿ󣬾ͬ޵еĴڰڱصã
ˣ࣬ȻҶǺͫԳһ嶯֣뿪
һҪ˺ɷ顣
Ȼҽɽȣأɡ
еĺͫԳа԰Χм䣬óκߵĻᡣ
ų״ʦϢЩûһġ
УѭǿΪԭ򣬳ȻһȭһƷͫԳˣ޷õȺ޵Ͽɡ
ǵУͫԳֻΪͨ޶ѣ³ܹһȭҲ㲻ʲô¡رһЩȼߵĺͫԳųԵĿ⵱л¶˿˿м


420 ڱص
ֻǰΪߣúͳԶ֣ǿԸûǶֵʸ
࣬ȻеʵҲ㣬ҾҪսҹֱΪֹ
ͫԳһȭˣû˿ŭҲûа㱻ܵǷϣ¶ǿҵս⡣
ҹ
һ䣬ûôʱͺͫԳԡ
ͬʱҲܵΧʱĿЯĲм
һһǿΪĹ
ֻǿʵܵõǵϿɡ
رǰЩͫԳƺͨ޻ΪսһЩͫԳտʼЩԣͳԶֵĺͫԳûйȥ
ȻȻͳԶ֣ѾкͫԳԵˡ
ְɣոûϵȻôһΣһһнſ£
Ц˵˿ûͫԳӿķŭ
࣬ҡΪˣһȫ֣һȭɷ飡ܹһͫԳϣӦøеҡ
ͫԳ˵ţ£˻һźӰ˳ԡ
ͫԳֲٶҲͬǿֲޱȡ
ٶǻһ˸еµģǾǵķ
ȻƷΣԸոպͺͫԳһȭܹܵó߽״ʦ֮£Ƶǵķ
߽ͨ״ʦҲƿǵķ
˵һȭ㣬Ҿֻһȭ
һЦӰֻʣ֮ʣ嶸Ȼӳգۼ俿˺Ӱȭ˸һѪͫԳȭͷٴδһ
һ̣ԽĿ졢׼ݣǷӵ˼ޡ

ߵȭͷһʱͫԳֻһ޴ޱȵʯͷһɿֲ˳ֱۣȫӣ߷ݰ㣬ź浹˳ȥ
ΧļͷͫԳæǰȥͼȻͫԳ壬ȴоһɽѹ£ֲ˼㣬ɫҲ˲䷢˱仯㳬ͷƷĺͫԳȥζάֲƽ⡣

һĻе޶ɴ۾ŵضųԼͫԳ
ȫ߸ǵ
֮ǰž㳽ʵǿƷͫԳҲ֣˫֮ս˵һ죬ҲҪһʱֳܷʤ
˵ҪһлܺͫԳе޶жԳԼΪмΪͨƷͫԳҲһȭƷͫԳܡ
ȻĽԲǽͫԳһȭܣúͫԳܵôס
е޶óͨƷͫԳһȭ֮Ҳﲻ
࣬㵽ʲôȻʵǿǺͫԳһаһأҲܹ㴳ġ뿪ǿԵʲôûĻݹǲˡ
һȺƷĺͫԳֱΧ˹
аһ壬վԶضߣƺûвµ뷨
Ҳǿˣ޻봳ɽȣһ㶼ǺͫԳǷǳֵĵˣȻаһǲֵġ
аĹֶһϵаĹ߹һ־Ƿˣִˣ޵Թԣһķչ൱
ǺǣЧǲ൱⡣úϢɣȥǵĴ
ԵһЦԾ𣬽һʹ˷ɹ˺ͫԳͷŲԶɽڷɶȥ
ݣ
θҪɽһܼĺɫߣѸٵس
ЩߵУȻûвôµģȴڵһʱ
аڶˣ
ռ䣡
Ҳٵʱ䣬ֱӽռ䣬аĹһ̣Ѿǳɽ档
ಣ
һΣֱӽɽڡ
֮ԺͺͫԳ֣ҪĿľ뿴ںĺͫԳʵﵽʲôΡ
ŵģȻǴת֣ڸǵ·ʱԾѾ֮
ֻûתһٶȶ޷ӳ֮СӥٶȻ磬ԳԸ·ڼ䣬ȻҪСӥ
Ȼ֪󣡲ãǳģס
ԵĻڶͫԳɫǾޱ䣬׷׳ų׷ȥȻתʱǿӽɽ
ô죿ô죬ྐྵȻɽǵĴ氡
ȥģѵ㻹С˺ɣʵڴǰҲһһȭܹɷ顣
ϧλֹǣû̤벽ǾͿԼ׷ȥʡôˡ
û£Ǿڶ⣬ȺŴɣ
һʱ䣬еĺͫԳԼа׷ػ˶ڡ
СģѨ棬󷨣
ԸսɽԺоϻõ
󷨣
һû뵽޾Ȼò󷨡
׹һϻó˳Եԡ
ʱϻڽؽ۸ɺ˿ȥʵ
ˣʵҲ㲻ʲô󷨣ֻǺͫԳһЩСֶΰˡͨ󷨴ʦܹƽ⣬С󷨣ҲֻΪ˻޽ɽ
ϻ˵ţһӣԾͿԼǰһ⣬һ׹׹⵱УһԴҪԵζ


421 ΣٶȽ٣
ˣҩԻģ¾ͨİ˽״ʦŽ״ʦᱻסʱߺͫԳ󣬾ͻһʱϵԷնɱ
ϻЦ˵ָָʯڣһԻ󱻴߶ߺͫԳͻ޷ͻᷢһ󷨣ʯ֮ŵĸֱУȻǵһʱ䷢󷨵ɱ
һһ
ƲƲ죬û뵽ߺͫԳȻһס
Ҫ֪ЩͨĺͫԳǸսɳգܻʹ˵ֶΡ
ȻߺͫԳȴǡ
еһ˿ʧʵڽ˻ߺͫԳ𣿡
ϻЦһƵܲҾͲõʲô۷ʦˣ
ݷݷЦЦȥ
ɽЩʪлһζͨ˹ƻܲˡ
ǰѾһƬڣڳԵܹΧ
һǰߣһߴܡ
ˣȵȡ
ʱϻõͻȻڳԵԺ
ôˣ
ɻʵ
ϻûϻش⣬ʲô
󣬳ԾͿһɷ֮ӿԵʯϡ
Բ֪ҪʲôҲûʣһԾš
κ󣬷˷ܵڳԺ𣬡磬ڸѨ滹һռšÿһ£÷֮֮飡


һɰķ֮ʱӳԵӿһŰ׹⣬һԵʯڡ
ڷ֮ǰӲʯھͬ㣬زһֱ飬¶һľš
ľſͨȴǸһּ᲻ɴݵĸо
Ȼⲻһͨš
֮ûټֱľ棬ƺڲڲ͸
֨
ʱȥǰľţǻ򿪡
һ̣ԾͲض·ֻҪ΢춯ͻΪΣյĹ
ΣٶȽ٣
ʱڳԵǰûгʲôǿĶֻޡ
װƷޣֱʹһȦĺͫԳԼа
еϢȷǾǺͫԳаߡ
óԸеΣģװƷޱ
׼ȷ˵аĶ
аȻĸģ
ĿһضаĶӿʱаĶӹĹĵģһ˿̥ɢȻǻˡ
ʵЩóԳԾѹֺͫԳаܹƽദˣԭǵߣȻ֪ʱѾһӶˡ
֪ΪΣԵԺͻȻţͫԳаͬ彻ĺӣģǺͫԳа
Ÿһ룬оҡͷ񶨣ǺͫԳа޷Σյĸо˿аίʵҷģƺֻҪԷһǹͻǿҵΣ
࣬ôҵصģʲôĿģ
ߺͫԳаһɵضųԣѾʼֻҪ춯ϾͶԳԷΪ͵Ĺ
ǺǣҵҪĿӦÿԲµõһһĿģǾշ壬ֻҪǳңҲ˺ǣҿԱֻ֤ҪǸߣһõڸĺôһа취ǶʱͻƵף
Բû˵󻰣ؽķռ䣬һͷװƷͻƵף̫ѵ¡
ҲףҪߺͫԳͬ⣬Լ뻹Ҫóŷɡ
ܣǺͫԳа壬ǲܳκһ޵ģ˵ֻһССˡ׳úܿЦԼûͻƵʦȻҿڿ˵ҶʱͻƵף
ߺͫԳֱӷ˳ԵĻһĨεŭɱ⣬ͬʱֻڵͫףڳ´
ۿͨԼֶΣƬռŻ˽ڳԸո̤ʱͻԳԳˡ
˿ûгֻ֣ǵĳʵ̫ǿ˺аԼаĺӡ
ţȻֱӾܾˣһ㿼ǵضûУ
һߺͫԳĻüͷʱҲʹ˷˵˵ʱͻƵޣԲǺԣ㲻ŵĻҿ֤㿴
ˣ뿪ɣҿԵûзȻĻʵǿҲἯҺͫԳа֮նɱ
˵ͫԳһĨʵʰɱ⡣
˵̸Ҳǽˣûһء
磬еΣ
ʱڳԵԺ𣬡ͷߺͫԳ־ƺܵһ־ֱӷΪ޵ı⣡
⻰вɴ󾪣һ־ѵߺͫԳѾΪ˵ľ޻Լޣ
ƺ֪룬˵磬ǲǳĳ˵ľ޻ԼޣԭӦΪаǸɡ
Ŷʲô
ɻʵ
ٺһЦû´Ӧһֱ壬һǾԵޣûѾӵ˿µǡңһɲĴм䣬һƽƽز۵Ļɴм䣬Ҳܹ׼ԣ˵ģĸ㣬ĸΪ׼𣬸Ͳмһˡ
ԭ
ףвɾ棬ϾȻصޣ̥ʱӵ˿µǻۣһܹ˵˼룬˵ԼںߺͫԳ̸У˵ںǸδľԱ̸аɣ
ͻȻһʵ񣬺ͫԳаܹϱľޣеĺͫԳан䣬᲻ỳһȺı쾫ޣ
뵽һ㣬м֡


422 Ա
˿ڷռ䵱оһԵıޣǾѪɹ֣ѪɹȻٶȲ죬ǻȴǱͬ޸ߵö࣬ҡ棬ȻٶЩǿŴм䣬Ҳܹ׼
޵ʵԲǺںΪϵѾģҽ϶ࡣҪģѪɹޣ԰޶ս¶ҪԳ档
Цһ磬ߺͫԳа䣬ܹ̥ѾǺ˵ˣһͷԵıޣˡͨĺͫԳа䣬̥ϣ
ˣ
εص˵ͷЩź
ô죿ûа취շͷԵıޣԿаĶӣʵ
ٺ٣ɡֱͷ޶ֵģǸܵϵķ֮ԲŲðȻ֡
˵ţһ˿֮ѾǴŵ쵽˵صףѸٵسаȥ
ڷ֮أԷǳǰ֮⣬Բеڶܹ
ȻߺͫԳаûܹԵСһֱضųԣȴųһ
ֻȴɢվţûҪǿжֵĴ㣬û뿪ӣ⵹ǽߺͫԳаЩ㶣֪ǺãҲֽԸϳȥ
˴ŹӣٶģСѾͷƬӻƻ֪ҵݺϾͬĸĸľޣӲҪҸһ֮

˻ԶʱȻոЩԸ˰ΪʲôҪҪһ֮
Ϊ˽ܹӿٶ£
˸˵ѾͷƬ֪ԼһͷԱޣٶȱȱı̥࣬ʱܹõͿԼӿٶȡ֮һõ˷֮һʵܾͻﻹҪ
Ȼô棡
Զʱһӵп۷ʦʵǼֱǽʡ˺üʱ䰡
Ͼÿ˶ͳô̬˶̶ĸʱ䣬ͽΪ۷ߣ״ʦġ
磬ٸߺͫԳаһ°ɣӦòٷˣ
ã
Ե˵ͷٶǰ
ݼˣ
ȻʱͿߺͫԳаضȭ
һĻпЦеѾͷƬӣѾĸĸ˰Ҿ㳽ԳΪǵˣҲԳ¹
Բ㣬ֱ˵ǵ골Ҫֿ
ǣ
ͷ
£Եľ谭ؿߺͫԳа
磬ˣڿҪƬĿռˡ
ٶ
ɿռƬ˼ǣƬռܹɣ
ʵ
ͷǰܻû̫ذգõħ󣬾ʮİˡռƬֻһռһССƬԪ²ΪŨΪԭߺͫԳаܹǸѾͷƬӡҳɹռƬҵʵ϶һΡ

Է˸ۣʵںˮʱ˲٣û뵽¾ȻҪ
ԭΪϾܹϷ񣬵¿ԼҪŬа
ʵܹԻ൱˵ģ͵ռƬȴȥŪ֡
İɣڵʵҪʱܹռƬɹɣᵢ̫ʱġǱˣҲңֱӸϹȥǣ˿ռƬͻһʱϹȥ㣡֣ص˵
ԴЦһ㲻żԶɺͻɵһЩˣһܹ׵Ӧ
˵ţƫͷߺͫԳԺǾͱռƬˣǴһõĿռ
ȫƾ
ߺͫԳͷ
˿볽Խʱ־ѾȫŮƣŮŴмѾ֪˷ȻҲ֪ռĴڣûɻܾ
ȳȥɣ
΢΢ͷȥȥƬ󴦣ҪƬҲ뵽ҵĿռ档
һ˶ֱ߳Ƭռ䣬֮ǰɽ
ߵɽʱϡܹµǺͫԳа棬Էߡ
ЦһԽĿߺͫԳǰ鴫
ԵľߺͫԳɫ΢䣬ӿһ˿ŭ𣬴˳ȥ
ʼ磬ں档
ݼ
ߺͫԳһ֣еĺͫԳ׷׹£аһڿаҲǵһʱȥ
ոǶҵ˶ˣ
ߺͫԳûһȺͫԳĹݣ˵Ǹոն˶ֵģȫվƾ˴ã
ˣ
ԣеĺͫԳ޲Ǵʧɫһʱ佫ĿվߺͫԳԵĳԣƺʲôǵɫ˲ӿֳ𶯡
ٶȽĿߺͫԳĿƺѯʣǲǸˣ
ôҵĻ
ߺͫԳеĺͫԳûϲɢһɿֲɱҲױ
ȻߺͫԳѾɱģ
аһ壬Ǹոն˶ֵģȫվƾ˴ãκԹԣ洦ã
аҲֱӱ̬


423 ռ
Ļеаǵɴӡ
ȻҪ洦ã
Ҫֱֻ֪壬ΣŻᱻ棬һǲõġ
ѵΪôһʵһ࣬Ҫǣ
һʱ䣬еĺͫԳа򳽻ԵĿ⣬ŭɱȴǴ˼һǰԳԶֵĺͫԳаվ˳
Ȼ˶ĺͫԳаվߺͫԳаͫв¶Щ֮ɫ
Ȼǵ־ոձŮƣƽʱ£ǵŮǵ־һǽ
ǷǳǰǵŮ֮ûдݸǹԵ˼ȫԣȫΪӡĴڡ
ڳԱˣҲͨĺͫԳаһΪʵжǿ
Ȼ˿ܹ̿˶ĺͫԳаĹȻؽ붴ѨҵǵĲ֮϶ǵı£ƾʵġ
£ߺͫԳа򳽻ԵĿҲǷЩ΢ı仯
ˣƺǰ㲻ð
ˣոǳֶҽҲ֮£ҲκһǾֱӴȥɣڱȽϸʱ䣬ͲҪȥˡ
԰˰֣ûм׷ȥ˼
ĿʵЩͫԳаּɣǶԼ׵óϷʮֵذա
⣬ֻʱˡ
ǣˣ
£ߺͫԳǴųɽȵ档
аδȥҪúðһºͫԳа壬жԳԹԡ
ӺߺͫԳĴ£һСԱߡ
ˮֲ
ˮ棬ƺе쳣أ
Խ΢΢˲ȵ棬ȴǷֽµӲ޷ɵزĿǰĳ
ˣƬ档տʼʱǻҪ취ȥпɣǿһ̶Ⱥ󣬾ںٶҲ˷ѣԾͺٿˡ
ߺͫԳָָĳˮҲһˮõĻ廹ỺǿšƽʱĳˮͲٹ˷ˡ
ˮȻҲܹǿ壿
ԣ̲סЩˮȽ
Ƭ̣Ծ͸оһ֫ٺӿȥһĸоȫ´ݿ
Ŀ΢΢һ䣬Ҳ˵ֱ£ʼתһ
ߺͫԳԵľٶ֪ǿʼˣҴţֱվһԸԻ
ԼĪӺ󣬳Իۣı仯ĬĬչĳˮ¾߽״ʦˣҲõһǿرǹҲӲʱͬ׵УƾԻܶԷϧĳˮҵѾûκΰ
ԿЦһҲԼֻ󣬲ܹǿ壬ͨĳˮٸ̫
Բ˷ʱ䣬ֱվһһɿֱֲӽ˳С
ǳһʹúˮʱˣ
Դ˿ʹõģȻںˮеõĺˮ䡣
ˮ÷ܼ򵥣ڲٶ¡
ǿȣǿԼǷΧ
ԳԴʱľܲóռ䣬һռ䷶Χһƽոܹסһ˵塣
һ￴ƲǺأܹΪԵһɱﵡ
һ£սʱͻȻʩչռ䣬мܹӳù
ʱ˽״ʦµߣԻһʱ䱻ѹǰ˽״ʦһСҲͬ³Ž״ʦҲˡ
Ҳ˵սʱֻҪó˺ˮ䣬Ž״ʦҲܹɱ
ˮ䲻ܹ¶ȥԲ򲻵ѵ£Բʩչˮ䣬ܹ˲ɱ֣öԷ޷ˮϢ¶ȥ

ˮһóڳԵĿ£еĳˮʱתգۼγһ޴С
գ
һеĳˮһųԷڶת֮еĳˮ뵽˷ռ䵱С
𣿡
һ̣ԱǷ֣ڳײһͨɫĿ

ƬУᵽһ˿ϤϢ
Կ϶ʨɺ󣬵ʵ
Ŀܴ˼̵ʱ䣬Ūռ䡣
Щһþ޷֮뵽ռ䡣
ˣҪҪҽкͫԳȫæǽЩȫŪ飬ͿװռȥˣҲֻһʱ䡣
ߺͫԳһ˵
һʱ䣿ҿûôʱ˷ﰡ
ҡҡͷռ䣬ѯʵϻãûа취뵽ռ
һһҪֶͨν֮ռ䣬ǲܣǷҲܹʱ佫Ūռ䡣
ϻòͬϻõֶξǲø󷨣ֶܹͨȡ
ԵѯʣϻúȻЦˣֻǰһѣֻҪһװɽ󣬾Ϳ׵ؽ֮뵽ռ䡣󷨿ͨͨʦ޷ʩչءҾԷڵʵҲþܹ뵽ռء
£ϻѾǳ˳ԵߣһԺ
ȻʱҪİ޷裬ֻܹʱﳽ
Ŀڳϴ˼ۣϻЩ죬󣬻ûǰ½ʱ˵ϡﶼʶˣû󡣶ƺҲܱͨ⣬ʶ󣬴඼ƺǳأ˵ܹǿߵ塣ء


424 
ϻһ۾ͿЧá
Խϸȥеľ֮ɫԽŨ
һĻߺͫԳƤȴǳ鴤£⵽ʲôϹȻܹһ۾Ϳô
ͫԳãܵġ

ϻҲٶ˵ʲôһɹɰɫڱȥƬ̣Ũͽ
ʱԺߺͫԳܹظܵµĵ涼ʼرǰĳ£΢
ˣһ֮ҪƬֲռȥ
ϻõͳͻȻ
ͷһŰ׹ϻá
ϻôһӡ׹УѸ͸·ĳ
𣡡
ϻõһȣ·İʼӿ󻺻𣬳ų
΢ռȫ
ûгԺͷƾϻõֶΣҲܹռ䣬ʱϻýֲռ䣬ҪԵκΰæ
ݣ
ϻƻӶٶԽԽ죬ĳʱ̣һ׹⣬ֱ˳ԵĶͷ
Ծռ䣬ͿѾԭŪõĳ¡
ǵõ󣬶û㣬ֵõ֮󻹻
ˣ
ϻõĶͷѾЩϸóðɽҲǲСˣȥϢƬˡ
ˣ
Ե˵ͷ
ϻð˰֣һǷ˷ռ䡣
ˣոλǣ
һԵߺͫԳһһ㶣Ѿ˾κˡ
ǰ˵úͫԳæһڰﳽԸ㶨ʱԼҲóΪԳΪԺ
Ȼֻǽгһͷӣ㵷˼£Ӷ˼֣ŪһŰͽˡ
ֶΣֱδţδ
ǺǣԺǺҲѣϻãһԶ飬ϵ裬㲻ϹھŽ񣬵һƾùȻʵǱȽϵģò˶ãָܹķɡ
ŵ˵ţߵߺͫԳԣĺߵļȴͻȻߺͫԳ߳ףܹĵŵģݷݷЦЦǺͫԳһ壬Ҫ˶ãǾܹȫף
ٴ˵ܹףߺͫԳĿ΢΢˼£֪ΪΣжԳĪΣصص˵ͷˣ㣡
Ǻǡ
ЦЦҪ˵ʲôЦȴͻȻΪԺУ߽ǶѾˣӹǡԶɡɵ˳ˣ
⻰۾ʱʵ֪ǳ˶𣿡
ǵжûаأĵظǡոѾҵĺǼӹʮʦǿ߳ǵĳԹ˧еǺԶɺͻɵĸ֣ÿɶһ߽״ʦŽ״ʦʮӵŽ۷ʦ
Ƕʵػ㱨š
ôô١ҵ޴춼
ɢһʵʰɱ⣬һԵߺͫԳȻȥɣ뵽ռСƽҲù˰ɣҴǳȥһѪ
Ѫ
ó⻰ߺͫԳ촽ڵͫѪĹâ
ߺͫԳأͫԳаޣȫ뵽˷ռ䵱СԼڸ˸к󣬱ǵһʱСӥǡ

˿̵Ļ̻̣վڳ⣬ڸ˻ź˾־塣
ǰһ˾Ϣǣųʮʦǿߣɱ
ʮʦʲô
ӿǿ˵ʲô
ǲͬ
ǵеǿߣҲһһʦһͻƵġ
˿̣ǻϸߵĳǽϣվһӣڵĸ
Ǹô죿ҪҪǲӽеֵУżʮİհ
վ˼׵ĽʿЩʿΪﵽ˸߽ߵΪ˵ǵĴǴ˿ȴһؾ˶Ĵ𸴡
ҡҡͷԷʮʦǿߣͷˣǴﵽ˵ʦӿǴܹԿ𣿡
ܹԿ
Ļжʼ
˵ı飬ֵҲ̫ģЩ˵ֻҪǣĿ겢ǡĻԸǣҪ˶𣿡
ԣǿܾǽ·ѡܹʮʦӵῴֵ֮ء
ôһ˵ڶཫʿ׷˿ʶΪĻ϶ģܻܡ
Ƴڽʿû˵ʲôֻȴڼٵ˼ŶԷʲô·ΪʲôҪǶ֡
ڷţѾǲȥͶԷнԼȥ˻ûԷԷڿԼ¾ŵġǡģֱӾ˸ɱˣ˵Ļᶼ
ɴ˿ȷԷ˴ξǳǶ
ƺûʲôܹ˵Ķѵǿ֮أ
ҡͷԴ벻ΪζԷҪԸǡ
£໹ҪʮӣǾͻִ˰ɣ
ǰüͷš
ϰûκζļʿٶʧȥƽ


425 ŨŨɱ
ʱ˺ͳɽԺڵĻǾͺˣҲ
Ҳ󰡣ҲſͻʦɽԺΪҲʦͬܺͶԷ⡣
ֻϣԷĲǳİɡ
ʲôļٵģǿ϶ǳİ
˵ۣüͷøס˺ǳĳ嶯
¡¡
ӹȥվڳǽϵˣǿǰ˺ѹѹشƬӰٳǿǾѾǧףҲûκμٶȵļ
һĻڽʿͷϲ˿˿ˮ
ԷĿ꣬Ĳ
һ̣ûá
ǴǰѹѹһƬӰоһɽѹֲϢǺЩѡ
ڰôˣ
ؿڣЩɳơ
һʿ˵֮ǰڵ֪ǿϮʱ˾Ѿʱ˳ǵ׼ΧŲٵɭ֣ҶЩطȽϤԷĹǣǾͻڵһʱ룡
ڽʿ
Ȼһһս˶ᵹ£ҪסվŵģǵļѡֵܽãǿԵ£ǾԲӱܡҪǵѪס˵ĽŲΪǵӮȡʱ䡣λʿǿ˺һͬ׼
ǣ
һĴеĽʿб
ãеĽʿ׼еĹ󣬰γеĵеĻ߶׼áҲҪЩԵ޹ʾͲк˵ļһϼѪ
һȰγеĳ
УǱ׳ЦˣˣҲػˡµǿҲûһ
ʱǳǽԱ߲ԶһĻţֻøߴľ˽Ƶģ߿ƶֱҪ˵ʱͣ
ͳ죬ԶɺͻɵˣɱˡҪҪֱӳ֣ͳͳɱˣ
һԵʵ
ǿǽɣʱֱӳ֣ɱǸֲͳͳɱˣһ
۾ӿֳһŨŨɱ⡣
ܵɱ⣬Աߵʮˣ޲һȡ
ƽʱȻЩʱȽϺĻ㣬ɱ¶
Ȼ֪򽣺ͳһҲǳǡ
ʵʱͺ֣ǰӽǶѾ֪Է൱ǿ󣬾Ž״ʦʮλϣһŽ۷ʦֱɱȥ»һЩʧ뿴ġ
ˣѡ˵ȶԷҪǵʱڹͷ棬൱ֲԷ³ʮŽ״ʦɱ֮С
򽣵ĿģɲɱЩͨɫҪʮŽ״ʦȫ£κߵĻᡣ
ãǴǾɱǸֲ
˶˷ܵص˵ͷ
¡¡
·ĺ¡ԽԽȻǲδֱǳɱֱͣ
ִ£ôͣˣ
棬ӹǳһƥһޱϣһԵһߣʵ
㵭Ƴ죬δǶԵһʵƬߴľǲе죿
˵ʱŲԶŬŬ죬Щɻ
ȷе죬ӦòҲûиܵʲôΣաСʲô׼ѵֵܵסǲɣ
ŵߵ˵ͷм˵
ԲǶ˵㲻ʲôһƾܽǵĳǳظĳɷ顣Ǹԣ׽󣬾ͽĹͷһ飬Զɭ˵
ЦһõԶɾֱӽˣò˶ãɵʵͻʱĴ壬Ҳþͱǿ١
Ŷ˵̸Ǿҳ鴤š
Լȫ˿
æԸԣ鹥ǣΪ˽ӹǵľǲ˳Ȼ˿ԼȫһףԷѹûۿһΡ
ȴ˿ԹԣԷݱԶɵĴҶԷʵ̫ǿһƾܽķɣܶԿ
ǰǿҵϼⲻɽΪ㽲Էһӣʱں棬ߵʸûС
죬ȥǵˣǽԽȻҽҪѪϴǣˣҲǰȥ׷ɱǣ벻뱻׷ɱֱǳسױһճǡ쿪˵
ǣ
첻ҾܾԳһ޷ɱǰֱӴȣǵĴǣ콫ԽǾͽһճǣ
ԣǳˣǵĿ꾹ȻǳˣôЩˣȻǲʮʦǿԸǡ
ǰ뿪ʱΪſͻʦȻŹʱ䣬ȻʮʦΪˣǣ
ȻΣͬʱҲǵҫǵĳ棬϶Ǹʲô춯ص飬һЩﶼ򲻿ܻôʦǡ
ûǲʮʦǿǣǽ˽ȥȴֱֲӷ϶ǼɵˡܹΪǵ񣬳Ϊµһҡ
콫еĿ˵ûóǽϵĽʿ־壬ǳ׷еɻҲǽ⿪
ʮʦǿߣǳǳġ
ҶԷǳɵǵĳˣֱӷ


426 ɿճǣ
λʿǿˣǵĿǵĳˡλӹǵĳûǶǵĳˣѾ˼ɵǲֱӷҪǽ˽ȥ
ת˴󺰵ǸңûԺûΪܹڳ£е
׷ˣ
Ȼ䣬һʿȫһ
󺰣еĽʿŴ
ǵ޾Ժ
ϳ֪֮£ҲЦ˰ɣ˵ĺ֪ҲǸź
˶ѵ𣿡
ۼǵĽʿûжֳ־֮ģغųԵ֣дŭæԪغǳ⡣
Ҫսս£Ǿսһˣ㶼κһ
ʾشͬʱЦŵŲţӹǳǣʮ꣬ǵĳˣܹ˽ӹˣ
ԣ־ͽͳͳɱˣǣǳ˱ضǱӹһȺյġ
ɱɣߵʵɱһʦǾ׬ˣ
Ҳ뿴ʦѪʲôģеĵܹͱһʦҾǸ˵ġ
ĻеĽʿ
Զ˵Ĵȭͷͬʱɱۣɱǣ١Щˣһߣ
ҵ÷Ǹﰡû뵽µĽʿȻҪ׷˰벽
ųǽѪڵػֻûѪҺҲ˹޲ϷϳǽǵĽʿǲս
Ǳ֪ôܹǱѱҸǣɲǱӹ˳ǱӹֻǸĶѡҪԳԶֵģĺԶɺͻɣܹɶϣӦøеҲŶԡϽԽӿǵκһ񣬶֮ءǣԴҲӿ
˵ѾʧȥˣǵѵĲô
ʲôȻ޴ɣ
Ļ͵һΧĽʿǣһɫѿϵѪͺһˮ£ͳͳϨ
ȻǻɺͺԶɣ
˵Ԥϡ
ųʮڿԿӹǣ
ȻɺͺԶȫͬɱӹƨ㡣
Ҫ֪ӹǵǿߣҲŸ߽״ʦѡ
У߽״ʦΪͨĴڣǵУźüʦǿߴڣ
ңӿһ棬κһɱӿŶʣʱѵҪóȥԿ
ʲôȥ룬ǡʦ֣ͼе˾޷𿹺֮ģǶԳԣҲʧȥġ
쳨ǵĳǳأͳǾͿս֮֡ǻͳҵ˽ǣ
첻мɨ۳ǽ˷Щ˶˵һָͿ

һ
¡¡
ոʱͻȻط֣ƺЩرƷһޣȻǲţƺҪ˦ȥһ㡣
ô£
ȥ
죬˶ظܵ濪ʼԽӾ
ˣ㿴Ǳߡ޳
ǽϣһʿָűӹǾӺѹѹһƬӰ˵βסľ֣
ָķȥɫ˲԰Ȼ뻹ЩԶܹܵһ޳޳Ŀֲ˶֪ԲʲôͨޣһȺʵǿޣ
ǣѵҪӿ𣿡оƺҪһ㡣
ף쿴ϣһͷǷأ
һʿָŲԶʴ˵
æȥǿһͷ޴ӥޣ޳Ͽճ߼ٷ
Ͷӥޣüͷ΢΢һ壬֪ΪΣͷӥޣһϤĸоһʱҲ벻Լʲôʱ
ԶɣɣʲôȻǣǾͳͳɣ
ʱһ䳹ǵȻӥ޵ϴ
Ǿͳͳɣ
˱䳹ǵɱ⣬Լ޾ŭ
֮ʱƬط·Ϊ֮žһ¡
ɫ΢΢һͣһ̣һ޷ݵ˷֮⣬ȻӻԾ
ǳԡǳԵǳ˻ˣʱˡ
ûǳ˻ˣµͷӥޣƺԼӥ
ãڷ޳ЩǷǳǿޡַܻޣڳ֣ǽԼվ
˱Ҫ뿪Զɺͻɶǿ߳˸޷⡣ͻƵʦµʱ䣬¾нʦܿ⣡
ǵĽʿ˷ܹһޱȵصཫʿ󺰳óԿ뿪
ԣܹҵĻ뿪ǣȻ뿪ӿʲôʱͻƵ˵ʦǱѪϴӹǡܹѾǳˡ

ִ£ô죿ҪҪϳ룿
ڸܵʱѾصԣʵ
˵ʮʦǿǰԿµ޳һ㶼ûġһã˵ӹǵо񣬶Զɥڴˡʱû˼ȥԸԣѾȺ


427 ͳͳ˺ɷ飡
ôѵˣԭһ׽ǸСӣû뵽ھȻͶұҪץ֣ϵԶֻҪҶᵽϵԶ飬ʧʮʦĵλ½ǣ㲻õġ
㵭Į˵
ǡҵȻỳִ
ʱ˷
ȵľⷬ
ţǸﾹȻһͷޣȲŶ֣ˣǾ֣£Ȼץ뿪
㴫һԵ˵
ţعƽҲ´ͬֻҪܹõԶ飬ǴȫҲϧ
ŵ˵ͷȻͬ
˵ǸͲȥķֺ
ӰЩ޶ޣܶԸģ
ٲ߾군ˣҷɢӰɣܻһһ
ˣЩ޵ٶʵ̫ˣҿֿ
ӹǵʮʦ˵Ǿ񣬵ʾǲܵɢǿϢеʦˣɢӿ
ֻңߣȺ
Сƺû
Ƭ̧̺ͷ׸߿յĳԣɫѿ˵
ʱҪˣ޳˵µˣ¾ԼҲѻ
϶ΪǵûܵΣգԲ޶ԡ죬ȥǣɱˣҾͲųԻ
һֱӶһԵ
ִ£Ҹһ˹ǰɣұ֤һξԲʧ
ʱһߵǰ˵
Ƿⲻɽ
ΪܹõһЩôⲻɽʱҪ߳ǷҾǰһδʧпܻʹȥֱ
㵭Ƴ۷ⲻɽȻмҲ뵢ʱ䣬صͷûǾͲҪٻˡ
ǣ
ⲻɽ쵱ͷʣĲ£ǳɱȥ
Ϊﵽ˸߽״ʦиŴĴʦǿߣԼʦǿߣһɱ۳һɿµƣͬһɺѹȥ
˿̵ǣͷ·ǾеһҶۣӹǵǣǾˣֻҪܹһʱ佫Ǹ𡢺١
һĻǳǽϵڶཫʿ޲һ
ûһ˿־شУһضǰûаη֮⡣
˻Ǳģ
󣬵ȴ쳹ÿǵĽʿС
˻Ǳģ
еǽʿȫսеı۾һƬͨ죬׼ǰЩʵǿüεĵˣһβɱ
СӣȻ޶ԣѵں𣿡
üͷ΢΢һЩǿߵ̬Ƿǳ淨ǿʳǿ棬׵ദǱض糽Դ˿㣬޶ԣȥǵ
ΪǺһˣͽлᣬڰգԻȥΪѺñѩޡ
ߣǿ϶ˡᣬ϶ǰװɥͲܻ֣һֱڰвǷ֡ҳ޳Ҳû˿뿪뷨ٺ١ǵ˽ɱҾͲ᲻
㶢ųԣڴĦһ³Ե˼ͷٵġ
ԻҲ֪ǿʳĵͱϾСˣܿһԼѼɱضӪȡ
ʱ΢΢
Ȼʱ㵵ط֣ǰⲻɽˣͻȻҵزҽ
æعͷȥһ̣ʹŴֻǵĳǽ棬һÿøߴľȻƶٵصǰ棬ҳʰԲ״̬ӹǵ߷׷װΧ
ǰޱȾǿʦǣһÿøߴľǰȴưײܲ㣬ֱӿƬ
ѪȾ˵棡
Ⱥģͳͳ˺ƬҪǵѪǵĻǺӣ
ϿգЯűɱٴ
£󷽽ʮޣף쳹أ
ʲôЩ޾Ȼ⡭ôܣ
ǽʮͷްҲһЩƷǿޣôܻһСԲġ
ʮͷޣ¾ǵʦǿߣҲɣôõһǻþ
Լ˳ɱޣȻΪԵһػӦȫˣһǰһĻġ
ǿǷǳܹʮͷޣʲôӿǺεȵһִڡ
ԷһǿʦֻǵʦǶǿš
ȻǷǳǸӥϵģֻҪץһͨСࡣ
ڲǰǻ϶ɾץֵϡ
תۼϰĶɿܹʮ޵Ŀֲ

ûţ
ûԸһĻġ
ɱȫɱǣǵͳͳɱҪץǸСӡܹôޡ
ǴŭţԼҲվͷųǿơ
ǣ
һ߽״ʦӦǡ
ţҲ´ͬ
߽״ʦͬǰ˳ȥٶɱǡ
ǵĿĲǳǡ
ֻҪһ˽ǣǵĿľʹﵽˡ


428 ɱ
߽״ʦ֣Ҳûһܹǡʱǵ˱ɱҿ²Ӫȡ
㶢ϵĳԣɱ⡣
ݡ
߽״ʦٶȺܿ죬ر߽״ʦͬʱжͬҹе飬ա
̶ȣȻǳޡ
ٶ࣬Ҳܶʱ佫еĸ߽״ʦȫס
ס˾󲿷ֵʦȻʵ΢ǿЩİ˽״ʦƿˣǵķɱȥ
ٺ١޶ΣٶҲһȺܺҵ˱ȣҾͿ²ˣ治Ҿǵйߣ
㶢ǰͬɱ¾أϷӿֳ˷֮ɫ
Ȼܿ죬ϵ˷֮ɫͻ
ΪȻ֣ԭѾҪǵļ˽״ʦ֪ʱѾǱط˻Ѹٵر˺ɷ飬Ѫ
Ŀ⣬һʱ
ֻĺ棬һȺ˳
ǰİˣȻŸ߽״ʦΪĸ߽״ʦһ롣
رǰĽʮˣΪȻûдﵽ˽״ʦϵϢһİ˽״ʦ޷⡣
һȺʲôˣô
ӿŭԼļƻۿžҪɹˣû뵽ͷȻᱻһȺİĸ߽״ʦƻ˳ס
ˣʲôˣȻƻǺԶɺͻɵļƻѵɣǰǸ
ŶǰΪ׵ˣŭغǳ
ͬŭƻ׾ͻɹȻ¾ȻһȺİĸ߽״ʦƻˣҪһ취ȫ
취úԶɺͻסԷȻöԷµˣɱǡ
֪ųǵĳԣ֪᲻ɵɵ˵ⷬ
ԶɣɣʲôȻҪȥǵǸΪǵӿѾҸǣһߣҶǣǾҪԼܺ
ʮ˷׷˳εɱ⡣
رڸոճԳ֮Ͳµ˳Եݡ
ǲʲô򽣣ǳԱˡ
˭Ŀ÷ѡ
ʱ¹÷ĳǳأ¶ԷǺԶɺͻɣ𶼲һ棬ֱӽԷͳͳնɱˡ
λǡʮ
ٴ˺޹˼ɵ˵ҪɱǣʶضŭԷȫزǱɷȻϸһʮ˵òɫ˲òҰžӿ
ʮʲôݣ
Ȳ˵ǱݣԼѾһڶĴڣӿҲͷ
Ǳݣǵһɣֻȿɡ
رӿɵĵλࡣ
ʮˣͳΪӿһĴˣʵĻλ컹Ҫ߳ࡣ
Ŷ˶һۣĿ׷˸
ô죿ѵҪôȥ˵ܵƽ̵ĳͷɫ˵
ǱҪˣȻȺɱǾһҲûˣ
ʹĿ⣬Ҳ֪ʲô
ǡһֱӶְɡŵ˵ͷ
ã
ܸɴصͷûκԥȻԼ˾ֻǵŵĻѡ
º϶ʱɢŨҵɱİӴȣǼˣɱǡǰˣ˭ͳͳɱסǽɱģǵˣûһʶġ
ǣ
İŽ״ʦҲ֪˼´Ӧǣ㣬Ѹ㳯ǳɱ˹ȥ
Ǹź棬ǳ󣬶Ƕͷϵĳԡ
һĹΧڣͻһʱԳԷһ
ȺһȻҵĻ
ǰ˵Ķɫʮѿ˵֪ݺ󣬵һΰﳽ£û뵽ֱӱˣԷҿƣƺֻҪͻҲһնɱˡ
޴磬ҲְɣȺͳͳɱˡŽ״ʦȻǿ󣬵ҲǾȫܿ⡣
ǰ棬˵
ҡҡͷֻһŽ״ʦǻһʮŽ״ʦһŽ۷ʦȥĻֻὫԼΣС
ô죿ųЩޣûüɱءһǵһɱǣǿɾ˰
𽹼˵
ɭȻһЦİɣոųѾңЩᴦǽ֮ˣκһ
ųԼ
ɵͷϵĳԣɻ󣬲֪ԻʲôֶΣԶԸʮŽ״ʦ
һȺ׳գȻÿǾͳͳȥɡ
ǰ㶢ǰ򽣵ˣɱӿϸֳһ̵Ļȣ͵ٳȥѾЩ֪˸ɱɾ
ݡ
ȻʱͻȻ֣ʴƺһɹɿµϢ֣ЩϢѾһȫ
ô£
ʶ̧ͷա
ܿ죬ʮŵӰߵС
ʮޱ飬Ϸֱһ壬£ٶȿ磬û˿˼
һ˲䣬һŨҵΣС


429 
ɢ
һʱ´
ݡ
Ȼ䣬ͿԷһһƿϮϵĺë˲
Σգ
Ҳ˲ļˣԳǰһ壬㿪˽ĹΧ
ļŽ״ʦսҲ൱ḻϷΣոճʱҲһʱ˶׼
͡
ǶȻ죬Ȼûü㿪ͷ䴩ֱըѪʬǲ档

ʮŵӰͬڵ㣬Բ£վĵϣ޲ǳһСĿӣȴ·ûзְ㣬ֻǶվмİ˵Ӱ
Ŀ⵱Уûκα飬ƽˮ
ƺոɱɵľŽ״ʦ˵ʲô¶ûһ㡣
ʮŵӰȻʮū
һĻԶˣ޲ʿˮ
Ž״ʦôɵɱˣʬǶûˡ
ʲôʵͨŽ״ʦܹ
ǿʮŸ˺ǿҸоʹ֮Ҳֵǵһ˵
Ҳһ˷ܣʮŸʵҲܵһǿҵΣУ˵ʮ˵ʵ̫ǿ߻һɱлҪǿ
һ£رסˣ
ңʮڣ¶ԷǲʮŽ״ʦҲκһ
λɷ֪ݣ
ͷƤЩ飬ʮūȭ㣬Զִ£֪λҺԶûȤеĻƾǾŽ״ʦΪǺԶɣȻԺһΪһִ£һ൱֮£λúÿһ
Ȼ˵ţУȴЦţĸҽ˺Զɣٺ١Ǿ뿪ˣһΪľٶʹ۵ġ
ӣ
ŽζԸʮūʱͻȻ֣Էһƺһ㷴ӦûС
ţ
üͷ˲ʶظеæ̧ͷմӥ
һ
Ȼһ̧ͷӭĸɭȻ֣
ݡ
䣬ܣĽƷ𣬳ɱ
ӣ
ǿҵΣУܵޱȵϢûκԥȳһյȥ
ݣ
ȻŸնǰŽƿɱһɫҲǰ
ߣǾŽ۷ʦΪܹסô
ҲһŨŨŭҲǳһ󵶣ݺݵնȥ

Ľ
ⶼһȺʲôȻôǿ
㶸Ȼ֣Լֱ۾Щ顣
Էһ֮Ȼ˿
ݡ
ҪЪһʱǰͻȻһĽУһɱɱ⡣
ӣ
һ£Ҳû˿ȥ˼
ȻΪƾԼŽ۷ʦʵԷһ΢һֱ֣·硣
˿˶ԷİΧУߡ

ȻԼٶȣȫʩչ˳Žūٵķ˹ȥ

ȻʱȻ֣һӰǰѪɽѪģһʱͣ˽Ų
ţ
ǰѪģ΢ЩϤʬ壬ţֻûг˻⡣
죬治õ
ҲҪӣҪߡ
зźţ͵ؼ٣һǰĽū
ʱȫһþ˻ǽū˼
յͼһʱȥߡ
Ȼܿ;ط֣ǰ棬ٶȳū㵲ס·
ԷǵĮû˿֪ԷܻŹ
رǸոգôɱ֪
Ҫ𣿡
ȫȥ
סˣ
֮ʱͻȻ֣ڲԶʴһӰٿ
ܿ죬ǵӰУԽԽ
ǡ壡
Ӱò·ˮ󿴵ݰ㣬ش壬ң
֪ʱ㷢ԼҪˡ
Լ֣֪ԼǿԻˡ
ΪֻΪһԭ
Ǿǣһǿĵʦ
ֻͼǣһʦܹȻػ
ʦǿߣ
ϣշӶӰ۾΢΢
ٿ·شŵ㣬һҽɱˣ
ݡ
ٴóԵѾоŽ״ʦ׷նɱ˵Ľūɱ㡣
壬ң
Լֺ󣬳ԾȻýūɱʱеǱȫھ˳˫͵ŵ棬Ծ
Σ£ڽǱȫھӲӳ˽ūİΧȦѾ𽥿ǵӰ
ڱסˣ
ԼԼѾԽԽǳһ
˵
ȻʱһȻ
ס֣
ѾӰŭȡ

һ̣Ƿ֣·һɽͻȻͷ£ѣεĸоոշԾΣһʯŵȥ
ݣ
θҪҵʱ罣꣬˲ס塣
͡
壬ֱӱʳƬѪ졣
ϷѾסˣ㾹ȻҶɱ
һߣնƮɷ׹ǣֻǴ˿ϣȴɢɭ䵽˼ɱĿضųԣǿϢͬ籩ϯ
Ϣ䣬ΧԪ·ܵĳƣܣͬƿһ㡣


430 ʦǿ
ʦ
һĻеӰͣϵĶһضͷϵӰ
շӣƿһԪ˵ʦ
ǣȻһǿĵʦ⡭⵽ĻǼٵģ
찡ǵĳˣ¾Щʲôʮʦٴʦǣʦˡ
ôչǣԻᴫӿҿԺ˭˵Ǹ֮ء
ûʮʦٴʦĹǵĳ˶ܹӦǰĵʦųҲһӦ
ʮ۷ʦǿߴڣһԶԸʦ
Ȼʦǰ˼𶯣ǵ˲ûоϸ˶ԳԵΡ
ʮʦǿɱǡʦҲɱǣڳһʦǿߣҲͬĽ
֪˭ĵӣȻɱҵֶӡƾʮСô
۾䡣
һδȢ˵ֶӣȫ㵱ӿǰе֪˳ںˮڲ¼뵽в̫˳ûκԥҹУһʱϵǡ
ȻϵʱȴǷ㾹ȻԷɱԼĺǳ⣬Էš
һȫʬû¡
ѾʮֹҪɱΪֶ㱨
û˭ҵӣɱֻΪ˺ǵˡҪ˺ǵˣ˵ֶӣӵĶӣҲҪȫʬ֪ںɱҸ𣬲ΪǵʦĿô
ض٣û˿η֮ġ
Ǻǡ
ЦˣЦúȻȥ˿ûΪ㱻ɱģĿ⣬ǻ˲Զǳǽ˺ǵˣ㶼ҪȫʬôǺãҽ쵹Ҫܲȫʬ
£ҲһֱۣӳǷӶȥ
Ŀĺܼ򵥣ҪóҲ˱ɱָо
ֻȫ˳֮ǰĸܣ֪ӹǳʮǿߣԶɺͻɶ˴ǿ߹ǵʱ򣬳Ǻεȵһ־šŭ
˵Եĸܣûκιϵֻ֪ɱֶ㡣
ǱΪƽأҲûκιϵ

θնԱ´
ɯɯɯɯ
ʱ䣬ǽ׷źͣȴٵĵ
ȻܹշУʱҲֻǷɵ˲׸ߣĸ߶ȣ΢ߴһЩģѾﵽ˽ס
ಣ
ģʮūٸճʱʮūͬʮŵ㣬գۼͳ嵽·൱ϵأŽūѸٵطɵ
ݣ
յٵαǷûκԥʮūնһʮŵʵĽ˲γɣնգɱ١
ûеһʱǳ֣ǷǶҳˣΪٲɱǲɣ
ۼʮŵūȻͼֹԼٵɫʱжȻһ󵶣ͬ״Ĵ󵶣־նǰĽ
飡
ֲ˲䴫ٵͣЩЦ⣬˵ôô׵ؾɱˣԭҲЩʵΪֹܹô

䣬ӳֲĵ˲γһ󵶷磬ǰӶȥ

ͣ
ڽūϣʱһܴܻ𻨣ǵҲǳܲɳźȥڱ֦סȻ㲻ˤҲܵһ˺
ûôõ³ˣȻӲ֦Ҳͬ㱻иȥϢҲǼ࣬Ȼ˲ˡ
һ̣ʦǿչ¶ţ
ңֱǿЦֻҪһԪڵУ޷ֵʵǿѵܺһԪⲻɣߣʰǣ
Цһ
ݣ
ٸҪǣֻһʵʰĽ·Ԫռֳ˲󣬷ĽҪռи
ţ
ٵһʱΣյϢڿæͷʶһննʵʽϣֱӽն
Ǿ֮Сӣ㾹Ȼ۳˾֮ضųԡ
Ѿ֮ǰ¸رʱ˵ںˮĵ㣬۾֮ĻᣬҲֹһ˳ɹ۳˾֮û뵽Ҳ۳˾֮⵹ЩԤϡ
Щʶҵȷ۳˾֮ôǲɱµҳɳ󣬻ΪǺԶɵһ
ԵЦһгһ֮վСӥıϡ
ڵĿĲҪɱ٣ҲҪԿĿֻһʱ䣡
ûʱ䡣
ٸոճʱյ˷񴫸ϢѾǸ
٣ԲûаʰϾһʵĵʦĵȽײߣڵʵĵʦԿ
ԭܼ򵥣ʦշӣһԪܶԿġ
Ϊзռ䣬ڿ¶ҪһʱߡȻȶԷʩչԪߵĻᶼûС
ҪģǾס٣˺ǵˣȷ취ʰԷ
СӣȻ㼱ҳȫǡ⻹һǰ㣬ɱ֮ǵˣҲһģһὫˣȫɱѪһȫʬڣ͸ɣ


431 ľ
˵֮䣬ٶųһӡȻԾ͸оԪ·γһǽټѹһ¡
ʱĳԣͺƶһ嶼޷
١ڵʦԪǰһС󣡽ͺúܱһ³ɡ
޼ɵؿЦţ̤򳽻ԣеĴ˸űĹâ
СӣȻеʵǰֻķݡȥҵֶɣЦţеĵųնɱȥ
һĻ·򽣵޲ǽüͷ˸Ǿһ˽͵ǡ
ʦʩչԪ֮󣬳ǵʦ֣ûܹѵˡ
ô
򽣵һųԣ׳Ըոôô׵ؾٵԪС
Ȼʦǿ߿ʩչԪͨĴʦͶ㲻ˣٶȽϿĴʦǿڶԷǰͶġ
ԳԺСӥٶȣһԷԪС
򽣵мΪɻͬʱŨŨĵ뽹
ݣ
ܿ죬򽣵˾ͷ֣ٵĴն䵽ʱԵξȻôƾʧ
һУԵü죡
ʧˣ
ϵЦҲ˲еĴͣڳǰվĵط
ϹȻǸʦҲǲԽԽȥˣԪʩչôû
ͬʱһƷҲٱֶ
ٵͫף˲両ֳһΣյĹâ
ôܣŴʦΪôܹѵҵԪ
ٳ׵ɴӣһĻġ
ԪǾŽ۷ʦ޷쵽
ɸոա
ûҵԪһǿԼı¡ǡôģ
ܹܵոڳʧǰһ̣ԵԪͻȻҲ
ֲȻǽʩչԪɷ飬ûκεֵ֮
ָо˵ҽһ׵ʦߣǶ׵ʦ׵ʦʩչԪ޷Ľסԡ
Ȼоһܵ£ʵˣòȥ
ˣųȻ˵ʦԪԭųһֱİʦκβ
ǰ׵ˣųʵġ
̫ˣʦûκΰ취
԰Ȼ˵˶˿
㻹㹻գѹָҵҵ棬ɱҵֶ֮ǰСˡ
ٶųԣŭһǹʩչľ֮顣
ɱԵֶΣԪͷУȻҲͬԷУٶȲҪ֪ʦȻԷУֳ׵ʦ޷صԪٶȲڵϵ֮һСӥ˫ޡ
Ԫ
жԳԸûһã
ٺ١㻹ܹɱô
Цһ˿ʦ
ոܹ֮ɵٵԪΪһʱ佫¾߶
¾һоͰԪ뾫ǿŽʦߣɵؾѿ˶ԷԪ
ҳ㹻ģǶ׵ʦʩչԪҲܹѿ
ҵԪܹôҾͻһʱ䣬ȫɱ⣬ҪĿ˱ɱʹ࣬ҿסң
˵꣬Ҫǳɱȥ
ǵȫɱ⣿ΪǾûеʦôһǿͻƵĵʦȻʴʣ
ȻʱԶʴͻȻһӰӰδװĺʹƬط·Ϊ֮
ʦ
ǵӶӰٵ˲
رǿԷǱҪϲٵٶȣиһصɫʡ
˰
Ӱǳ˿
ôãٲһжǶ֮ǰˣ
һʦǿˣ˭ٶȾȻٻҪ죡
ôȥЩϤ
˭ո˵Ļ֤һߵģ㹻ˣǵʦҲƲʲô˻ˡ
Ǿǣһٶˣ֮ǰͽײˣ˵ǱʹһŵҩǿͻƵʦ޷ڵǰΪԼ޵ˡ
ϸǵӰƺǵĽ
е˿ӶӰ۷׷ףۼľͷ֣˾ȻĽ
һʱ䣬˶ǵĽȻԷУֻеʦǿ߲ӵеֶΰ
˳ɣ
ԿŷͣԼߣЦʵ
ڷϵĵʦϢǳֻǹװģԻɻΪηܹշС
һ˳ڵʵѾﵽ˽״ʦˡȻŰ˽״ʦڿʩչһзǳʽһлɱͨһ״ʦϲĲǸӵʦԿɱ
ͷ˵ʩչһе£ܹϾʦܹУһҺѹ塣
ֻǲôٺ١㶨ɡ
ЦţԷ˵ʽҲЩΡ
˭
ٸŷϱҪʵٵϢɫѿʵ
һɢޣҿԸ㣬ҵĴ硣
٣һȥ
ԼҲǳСӥٿ


432 ռ˺
Ǻǣԭֻһɢޡ
Ļٲɷ
ĵĲǷʵôǿ󣬶Ƿ񱳺᲻ǿ֧š
¿񱳺ȷûʲôһ˵
λѣӿԶɳ㣬֪ǷȤǰǺԶͣҿƽ̾ټΪҺԶɵĿ䳤ϣ֪Σ
ٶŷ񣬼ջΪҺԶɵĿ䳤ϣǺԶƽʱʲô£ṩҪκԴΪңֻҪΪҺԶɳϣܹõһױ
˵ⷬЦеضŷ񣬵ͷͬ⣬ȻǰͽԼ
ûܾ顣
κһɢ޵ʦ˵ܹΪɵĳϣһ顣
ŷҲ⡣
ľٶȷ˿ΪͳһЦسϴſƼѺõЦ⡣
һʱ䣬ЩסˣӦ
ã
ܿ죬ٴӳԵУڲһĨɱʱʶãҪˡ

Ȼܿ죬ͷԼ·һƬռ䣬ͷһɽȻûֱҵõ䵽ϣΣҲͣƶһ¶ѡ
ͬʱһǿҵΣУĵ

һ̣پͷԼܵĿռ䣬·˺˿
ռ˺ѣ
ӼҪŵðæҪȥȻȫҲƶһ
͡
ŨŨֻ֣ӶܵԪ𽥷ŴĿռѷȥͼ֮ݻ١
Ȼʹռѷ춼Ѹ󣬲գۼͽû
ˣǳױشеס֣סְɱңɱҡ
ͣ
ûᣬ·ѾȫˣԣҲǵһ
̶̲γ˴һռѷ죬ҽһʦ˽ȥֶΣʦǿ߾޷ӵС
ֻʦǿ߲ſԻּ佫ռ˺ѣռѷ졣
ڿռѷ棬ǿռһУǿʦǿߣҲֻ˲䱻ռʳɷĽ
һȻǽռ˺ѣγɿռѷ죬ұϾʦҪռ˺ѣ̫ˣ˺ѿĿռѷ̫ˣٵʵ΢ǿЩԿֹһ߽ռѷݻ٣ռٶغϡҪͻƵ˵ʦͿ˲Ϣ֮۳ռѷˣҲӼ̡
ɫЩ԰ףųԻ£εЩϧˣȻֻһӵĵʦô˵ҲһɵʵȨϣϵղؿ϶ܷȫռˡ
໹壬ֻҪһռԻ˲䱻ʳɷ顣
ǺǣöԺǶŪ֡ȽռϢһ°ɣȻ߶߲ˡ
ֶ֪ξȻ˺ѿռ䣬γɿռѷ죬˷ܵ˼㡣
ȷطռˣȻܹ˺ѿռ䣬̫󣬱Ҫһʱȫָ
˵꣬ͣһǽ˷ռ䡣
΢΢һЦǰ򽣵˹ȥ
˵÷潫Ǹÿడԭǳԡ
ߵǰļһĲ˼飬̾˵ҵ÷ȻԺ͵ʦ⣬ƽЩˣȻ÷죬֪ҿ϶ûӡ
ַİɣҵΪò˶೤ʱ䣬ͻƵʦġ
ԴЦţܣЩ˶𣿡
˿ܣӲʦ׷׶ſڵϣβȻǼη塣
Դִһ㣬ʦǿߣԼʮ߽״ʦЩ˶ߣǰҲûеټܡ
ڱӹǵĳԼϼסⲻɽԿ˵ʬѾ˺飬ֻͷ­ڵϣϳ˿־塣
ˣҲᣬ˾ˣ֡
ȻûȫԲٶʲô˼ˡ
һЦŵرǸոСּնɱʦԶɺͻɵĸ߽״ʦǿߣѾǳη壬Ӳٶˡ
ƳȺ߽״ʦĿ΢΢һУûжնɱǣغȵԶɺͻɵˣҽһϸҹǵɣǵƽ̣ԺҪҳԣ֮ĶԹʹ˽ᡣǽ󻹶ԸҳԣߵˣҽͲɱһʦô򵥣һֱʮޣ̤ƽǵɽţ
ǡлԴ
һ߽״ʦɴ⣬ԿͷسԶܿ³Իڡ
ڳĻǸͲϸȥ롣
ųԶɺͻɿ϶ʹưոݣҪҪǰ׼
Щ߽״ʦӰص˵
Ŵޣ۷ǿߣȫԺɨʮԶɺͻɡ
ɺԶɺͻɵʵǿ󣬲ֻΪŴӣΪŲٵĵʦǿߡ
ǴţҲųĵʦǿ޲ͻƵн׵ʦ
ԵʦٶҲûá
ΪʦշӣʩչԪҲ޷⡣
ʶ˷ĿʵҲЩ
ûʲô׼ģҷĺˣϸɷϢǲһ˺ԶɺͻɣǻҶǳ֣ǺͲܳܵˣ
ŭ˵
˵뵽УԼڵĵλ½
ʮҲǵͷ˵ҲԴŸɣԶɺͻɲŶɣûкǶԿʸ񡣡


433 ŵ
ʮĻû˿ţɺһ֮Ȼֻһ֮˫ʵȴǲԵơ
ųλʦǿߣеǿߣн׵ʦȻһеĵʦȴȻ٣н׵ʦϵģҲʮ߽׵ʦҲкü
رǣһеǿߣ˵ͻƵʦ
н׵ʦʦ֮ĲǶ٣˵һʦһƿķһٸн׵ʦ
ţһţûκεĿɱԡ
ǺǣڵǺֻܼҪԶɺͻɵƽ΢Ӳǽˮˣʱ϶ǲʦԸҡЦŰ˰֡
ҲһĵԶһɣǿ߲н׵ʦϻðæϢСӥɵԶɻϿգúԨˮֱȥԿԻٵɵɽš
ԸɣҪǲ޴ǰô˵ֻǸӰˡ
ðɣ
ʮûвǵҲû˵ʲôվһߡ
ʱǵĳŴΪ׵һѾǿ첽˹
μˣ
ߵǰֱӵϥأشš
ڸոգǵĳһ֣һǿĵʦǿ߸նɱˡ
ʦǿ߶˵ǿͬһĴڣ߲ʣȻǳĻ飬һ֣öԷʬ޴档
ǿóǵĳԼҲƿǿޣһʵݸ߹ʿ
ӿһڡһԴǳϹϾ
ǵĳɳһֻʱ䣡
λ𣡡
æǰȥ˸ǰλˣҿԸұ֤ԲٳֵڶΡҡӽǲǱ˿еĵ֮أΪǵĳͻȫǳΪӿǿĳǳأû֮һ
Զǵнʿһŵ
ԵһеǽʿֻоѪڡ
ȻŲĵλӿУֻϰĴڣϲ̨棬³ԸǣڵĳǳǣԳΪӿǿĳǳء
û˻ɣ
³ΪʦûдﵽɶȲϣǵ˶ԳŲɡ
Ϊǰӣֻ˲ʱ䣬ͳΪӿķ
Ƿǳһʦ֮رɱӿһĺ䶯
֣ЩãԸ˳ǵģŻȥǵļȫǨԺͶǿԼס޴𡣡

Ǳ𾴡
ڲɭеĳ϶Ϊ޵ĸв֮ͣȳ˳̣˵һҵĶˡ
İɣǻᴦõġ
ǵͷ˷ܵؿʼ顣
رõֻҪܹ˳չȥǾԻӿ
޴磬ǵľ巢չ·ߣͺֵϸ飬˽ҡ
Գһ˵һɽӷռҲ顣
֮ǰĳĴηչһǳأŲٵ뷨һٻЩɹڳԣǰ˵ŵĸˣηչǣίʵһϲͨ
ŸҪȥǾʵȷܹȻµطչȥ򽣵ٺõߣûаȫϣҲ޷Ƿչȥ
£һʰսԼǷصԺ
ûǰΪĳԺ
Ժֱǲػ棬ñ˴ţȻǼ䷿Уʼ
֮ǰںˮʱΪһ޴ͻƺǴﵽһƿнرǾͣ׳ڴʦûκļ
޷ԪΪǲܹˡ
ڵʵѾնɱѰİ˽״ʦʩչռ䣬ǾŽ״ʦᱻնڽ¡
Ըں嫵вûϲãüͷŽ״ʦȻǿҳΪŵ洫ӣҵôˣΪҲȥϾŵУ϶ŴԶɡɵˣǵʦܴںü
֮ǰɽŵĵҲֳϵԳڵʵȥµȻǶ⣬ϵӵУǵ׵Ĵڡ
Ϊ洫еϵӣΪﵽʦϵıȱȽǡ
һʦԸԣԸûа취Ӧԣţ÷ְʦ֮ĴڣʦԿ׵ز
һʦй¶ȥȴԵģǰյ׷ɱ
ʵұҪʦ㲻ܶʱﵽʦҲҪͻƵŽ״ʦ
Ŀᶨ
֮ǰڼʶһ׵ʦǿʵо;ǳٵԪշӣܹ֮ӦȫΪʵ̫Եʡǻκһһ׵ʦֻжռķݡ
Ҫһ׵ʦ⣬µʵȻͻƵ߽׵ʦ˽׵ʦû̫ġ
ҪﵽŽ״ʦܹһ׵ʦ࿹⡣
ʵʵڵҪܹԼʵȥ
üͷţ벻ʵķ
ͬߣʱֻ߽ʦΪŵӵʸûС


434 ɫ
Խ룬ԷԼоȻЩֻš
һֶʵ޷Ŀֻš
뵽棬̧ץͷʹ֮ɫͫз˼Ѫ˿ֱ𣬺ˮ䡣
磬ʵ£Ȼƿ飬Ѿƿ˰̤һأ㽫ܹɾͣɾҲȻ̫ߡܹȹأǽԾţһɳ졣磬ҪԼ߳һ
ռУĿϢķƺӦʲôſ۾һٶȱûȥԡ
ʱȥ̫ɽҹĻִأҲһƬ
ûеƣϥڷ䵱С
Ѿȫûȥκ£ôš
ڰķУû˿Ϣɢ˷·뵽˺ҹУ廹飬Ȼš
̶̲ʱ䣬ҵΪѾٶȱǣڶѾﵽ״ʦˣۺʵѾԿŽ״ʦӦҪ˰
Իſۣڰ׷˾񣬡Уһһڲǹؼƴĸ£۷һͻƵ״ʦҲͣϢһ
Ϣʾֹͣɲʾ
󻺻վȫϢȥ
ɫκһ춼˰
ļʱ䣬ûǿԼһΣżҲ¿Ŵ򽣵ԺȻûκνûзա
ڵ׷ʵ͡ףĵõ׷ɣΪκ¶еա
Իøʱǣرǳ̣ÿ춼볽̵һԷ죬⿴ɢ
⼸ԵҲ׷׸ϵǣʩҹʩտˣȻûǰҲ˴ϢŷҵѾִ̳ǡ
ʩҹϵ󣬾Ŵ˽ӹǸˣ󱻳Ը£ͷⲻɽѾûҪɱڱӹǴʦѾ齵ǣӹǵߣҲʼҪҪҲͶǡ
⼸ȻΪ粽δԼǰδɣҲû࣬ͨģż˵ЦûЦ⵹˾Ȳѣû뵽ĬԵĳԣȻ˿ʡ
Ǻ£ϲּûеġ
ҳʵȻûһֱоչᡷԼת֣ھչѾǳ㹻Ŀʱ䣬ֿʼ
չôʱгԡ򣬶ںЧ
תֳҲͬХԾգٶȲͨľŽ״ʦԱȵ֮ĵʦ
ϵޣʵԭͻƵƷޣѾƷ۷壬ԿŽ״ʦˡ
رСӥͻƵƷо߱սǿޣ͸ӲСӥ֡
ԹƣСӥʵѾԿŽ۷ʦˡ
еȻ󣬵ĳˮȴգ˳ˮ˵ձʵٶһΡ
ЩԱ˷ܣȴǳƽֻ˻㱨Ϣʱ΢΢ЦЦ
ƺеĶȫ
ա塢ʣκӰ죬ƽ꾲
úܿ죬գۼ͹ȥʱ䣬ٳѡο֮գҲֻʣ졣
峿һ󣬱ǳСӥǡ
ʱѾηչǵķȥִУ˶ǲ˲ǰæ
뿪֮ǰҲһЩפǣⷢ
СӥٶȱʱһֹȻ˴г̲ٶȷ˲٣Ҳ˲һʱ䣬ذǳ⡣
غ󣬳Խʩǧġ򽣺һ˳ذǳȥ
ǰʩʩҹˣڵ֪齨Ҳ׷׼뵽
ذǳſڣ˿ͻȻ˶ˣ޲һ㵣ǲԵǿϢ־㵶ʱ𾪡
ǿóԵ˶μӰٳѡεġ
ֻһ˵Ϊʵ̫ǿˡ
ǸΪ׵ӦþǳԴ˰ɣ˵齨һʵҲǳǿϸƿǧޣһ£ŵɽŶᱻ޸̤ʦǿҲֵˡ
ǰ˵֮ǰնɱһԶɵĳ٣ǿʵĵʦǿ߰һʦϾͻΪһһɣһŵһɡ
ٺ١ǲ֪ɣҿǼԴ˵ģʵǿ󣬶Ϊ˺ܺദҵĹء
ԭҵˣһһᣬӶų˵Դ˻ǷѩӶŵų֪ܷһӶͷѩӶźһ
˵˵
Կǰ治϶ָָˣпЦ
ԣӿɶأ˵ںˮ飬ǰʮ޳̤ʮʦնɱʦ¼ӿˡ
һԵʩЦ
ʩѾøӿ࣬˵ʱһĨ֮ȥĽԺ˿ı˿Ŀ⡣
ʩҹöǰĺڷЩĪζ֣ڹߵ߶Źɫ˶
Ǻǣô飬ٳѡζҪʼˣþȫ̰ɡҡҡͷ
㻹Ҫ׼ʲôʵΪ洫ӿ϶κ⡣
ʩҹٺٵЦš


435 ƽ
Ϊ洫Σŵ洫ô࣬ҽȥˣҲǵסӦ֪ŵ洫ӣкԶɺͻɵˡԿȻ˵л൱ƽġ
ˮڣǶԷԷҲǺ˵ġ
ҵþ֪ͨжˣȻ˶ҪŮ˸ˡ
ں˵
ǿóԵźüɫŮӣǰǧľΪģʱֳԸܵʩΪеǿҵв
Ҫж
֮˵ЦݣҲǵͷʾ⣬ٳذǳȥǰ޲óһ·
ߵذǳſʱͿҼ˫ͰԹӭӡ
ǰһæ첽ȥ
ιڿⰡ齨һôŮߣ硣ô᲻ʵ̫Ҫˣ
ĻͶʱ۾գգߵǰһ˵
֣е˸Ǹ֣ȫﵽн״ʦİŸոͻƵ״ʦôܼ
˫æһԺǳ
ĿУٲȻһǿͨ˸ûʸ롣
ܹģ޲Ǹ֣óһҶǶεսб˫ǿġ
ǰԴȻһߡȻڲŸոչȥ£ͳԵݼ˹Եʵӣȶɡ
ˣȻȻǳŻӭΪһʱ䣬϶ġ
ŰǾı飬εЦЦ󿪿˵
⻰Χ򰢽Ŀ⣬ʱĽ
ǶǳҺͨһСѾȫγ˹ϵǶóԺͰϵƺҵĹϵҪ´һˡ
˶˭֪ȻչǰܴʮˣܹɾͿ϶ޱȡ
ٺ١
ЦЦĿⲻۼɨ۳ʩǧģ˵ľɫݣв˰أǰսȭͷԺһҪͣñ˰ѳԸȥˡ
Ը񣬸ҰҺޣǰԼԴ̬Щʣµʱ䣬ûгߣͳˣԼϲԵġ
Ȼϲͷſȥ׷
СٶȻû֣ȴǿҲһΣҡҡͷû˵ʲô˫𺣣ʵӶŻðɣ
տʼų뿪ʱЩҹ鷳ѾүˣӶŵûʲô·
˵ȻƽԿԲĵؼ
˵ͷԸмؿ޾ѩӶžүŵˣҹƳʱ䶼ţʲô£ٻ뿪Ȼʲôõҳԣ¶ǡ
ңԻΪģҶİҲǲ
ȻΪȹ˫Էûж𱨣ΪͰ׼һԣĵȷȷġ
ֵܲõģֻҪڣѩӶž;ԲκΣա޾ĵ˵
ڳܷţ޾ûȥɡ
ʮţԲţΪŵ洫ӣλһԾǧɣŵƽ̣Ҳκεؾηǰ
ȻڵĵλѾκһƽ
Ҳûٵȥ˫ذǡ
ȥɣôͣһ£ҪͼҡСӱԶɻ߻ɸˡ
ȺУ׽۾һԵ˵ɫѿ
˰׽Ⱥлվ˻ҡҵļҲǶԼ´׼ȥңǳԱ
ذ֮󣬳Եûͣ˫Ĵ£̳ȥ
Ѫһʱ̳ǳ⣬̳ǳȥ
Ƚذǣ̳ǵĳǽ屶Žǧ׸ߣֱȫɺڸʯɣǸ߽״ʦȫһºۼ
ˣڳǽ棬һŵѲʿ߶ֻɨһۣо
ΪЩʿʵģȻʹﵽ˸߽ʦһСӳŴʦΪ
߽״ʦǿߣڳǽѲߡ
Ҫ֪߽״ʦذǣ۷Ĵڣ̳ǣҲֻͨĲΡ
ѲʿԲ٣ǽܶУ
Ϊµǣڳǽ棬ܵ˺üļµϢ
Ϣĳ̶ȣȻﵽ˵ʦ硣
ʦسǣԳ˵Ǻεݳ޵һ£Ȼ¾ͷˣһһλʦ
ι̵ķǰ򣬶ܹ
һ̳һʱķӦᣬͿԵǲı˽
ֵܣذ˵̳ǵŻۺʵ޷⡣رЩǿֱǲġʿϵ̨档
˫һԽ˵
ʵжǿ
ٴȻ̲סеĺ棬ѯ
ʵ˵ʵŻҪǿ٣ǵͨʿĶﵽ˸߽ʦͨʿıﵽͳ˧ӿʦ˧
˵˵ʱ˫ۺʮЦŵûǴʮӾ˧һλӡ
Һûκιϵ
ʮ˫Ļ˵һ䡣


436 Ŀʵ
üͷ΢΢һ壬δǳʮóʮƺ˧һЩìܡʮˣȻʮ˵£Ҳȥѯʡ
˫Цһͨʿ֧ľӣֱǽѪܹģٶҪдʦϵΪĴʦǳʮˣҪǵ˵Ѿʮ򣡡
ʮʦ
ͫ΢΢һ
һɲľӰ
޾ţ˵㡣
ʮʦӺʮ޷սһž죬Ժ࿹⡣ȻһҲо죬һԻᱻ˲ɱ
ѾԼ޾ţ׼һľʦ졪Ѫɹ֡
Ѫʲô
Լʵ
Ѫ
˫ЦһѪǺֻܶ࣬١ٸˣÿһǴﵽ˵ʦϵΪ
ʦ
ǵ˿
֧ӣǿƣǵͳ죬޲ǴﵽʦϵΪҲΪ֧ӣ춨˿ӿĳȻλţҲñȿǿ
˫֣صصͷ
΢΢ףԼȻԿѪǰûκεֵ֮
ҺɲֻʮʦбȻŲٵĵʦ
Ϊﵽʦ޷ЩȻⰡ

ǵʦ
ʦ
ֻдﵽʦΪǽ𿹺⡣
ڵĿģǽţѰӻúԶɺͻɳײҶҶ֡Ȼһʵ
ҡҡͷȥЩ
ԼȻɣѣرǣһԶɺͻͼвԻûκΰ취
һԼΪŵ洫ӣǺԶɺͻɾͲ˺Լ
ŵʵҪɣǴ֮ɶѣ̫𶯣ʱɼʦȥټ齨ǡ
̳ǱҪԳԵҲǲнȥ
ΪٳѡվҪʼͼΪֵ̳ǣøֵ֣Ϊ㣬ӵĸоŴѲʿĴ߶ڵѲʿʵǿеѲʿǴʦʱʱ޵ǿϢǰصĵʦ
̳ǳڣȻŴĵʦûκһ˷У˶ؾء
˫Ĵ£ֱӳŵɽȥ
ʹѶϢϣջϵţҲǰסϢˣҲõľ״̬ӭѡΡ
˴ʱԵŵһţǿԳӥִɽš
Ŵƺյ˿ϵϢԵ˵Ե൱ԵϢԲﵢ󣬱ܡ
Էû˿ˣһʱ䰲ͷӥԣӥԵ͵ɽŴ
ݣǵʦǿߣҲܹ̳ϿշУӲܷţӥضĴޣΥء
ӥ쳣ӴǳʮҲκӵ
£һ˳ŷӥٸš
ʮӣԾͿǰһƵɽ壬Ԫ֯ʴҲط޷ȥżӰӹ˼ɾ
ԽµķӥûʸţԵ͵ɽºȥˡ
Դ˼ź˫ᳵ·Ĵ£ſ첽ȥ
;Ҳ˲ˣЩŵĵӣһЩһͬǰţ׼Ϣһӭյİٳѡεġ
ʽΪŵӺеʱţ߰ɡ
˫һῴһῴǵģüͷ˵
˼ֻ㿴ۣ߾ǣҲӵġ
˵
ŵľɫȷǼΪˣһʱס˰
˫Ǹؿ۳ԣһ΢ЦûֲҲٶ˵ʲôǰߡ
ӴСʦûһ;أҪҪʦ㣿
Եǰ棬ͻȻһŪЦ
Ե˷׷ͣ½ŲźȥǿӣΧһôǰͷһһشŰ
Ž۷ʦ⼸ҲȫǾŽ״ʦ
ԿΪ׵꣬üͷ΢΢һ壬رǿ⼸˵ķΣɻѡ
һ۾Ϳˣ⼸˵ıⲢǵϷ鷳
⼸˵ݣŵĵӡ
Լδŵĵӣô鷳
磬㿴Ǳߣ죡
ʱԵԺУͻȻ˷
죬ʲôһϴεĳ𣿡
ŭһ˵
ųҺȥѵһǸ졣
ʮͻȻ۾
Щڷռеĳˮʵǿ˲٣ѾаնԿ졣
ǣţҳɡ
ҡҡͷתŰ˹ȥԵЩ䣬λֹ˰ɣ
Ͼţǿûеһʱ䶯ֽѵЩˡ
ԣҡ
һ˳ԵĻ巢ɫ԰ףոǼ˰ŵòᣬȶˡ
£
İļ
СӣʲôˣȻ£ŲһŰɽȥ
Ϊ׵񷽾˳һζضųԡ


437 ˲
ԲδϵϢ״ʦŵм
ŵ洫ӰɣǺǣŹǿ洫ӣŸ߽״ʦΪ
ԿһȻҲָʹԭ򣬸ոͼϷҵѣǸɡ
ȻԷϢǿ󣬸ﵽ˾Ž״ʦΪǴﵽ˾Ž۷ʦû˿⡣
ŵ洫ӵǸٺ١ҵҪôճ
վڲԶ죬һڽĻȣѾʼ󳽻Խ³
Сӣ˼Ȼŵ洫ӣǵǸǲԺŻˣ
궼ЦһǴ߳ʣͬʱӿһǿϢѹ򳽻ԡ
ԵһЦԷϢѹ˿Ӱ첻ҲеλΣձǸŵ洫ӣҲֽѵǡ
ֽѵǣƾ״ʦΪô
񷽾ŭЦ֪гԣһʲôʦ϶ֲ˺áˣţҲøţǻҲøſš
£Ϣ뱩ӿµһ˺򳽻Եˡ
ȻԲӰ죬˿ܲˣ׷ʮü΢΢
ǺǣôȻ˲һ
񷽾мЦЦŲԶ֣֣վ￴ˣɣ⼸˼ֱǸ˰㻹˵ôǿ
ٺһЦЦ˹ųԵԣں˰ɣΪôʵͺ˲ǰ㻹
ô
ͻϵᷢһĻɫȴ൱ƽ
û˿ſ־壬иӷŭֻҪתֻңҿͷϴҾͷŹ㡣ĻһҪֶϽţֱȡμſ˵ʸ񡣡
ת֣Ǹһû湻ҵ湻ˣһᶪҵļ棬ǶˣٿҪҪɡҶֶϽţȡҲμſ˵ʸƺûʸɣ
Ҳһ˿ڽ
ЩȻƽûһ˿Ա˵ƻ޶ԡ
ңոŵԿ϶ǲʹưոݣ첻֣Ҳȥ졣
ȻҲ֪Ϊʲô߽۷ʦʵ򲻹״ʦǼӦÿ԰ɣȻ㲻Ǽŵ洫ӣΪʦֵģͽ̽ôˡ
񷽾ļһ֣Ҵһȣһֻ֣ռָ˸Ҳְæͬá
ϣ
ܹ洫Ц򳽻ԵĿϷʣĦȭͷ򳽻ԡ
Ϊ˵ʵ͸Һŵ洫ӽа壬ǺǣҾͿôġվڶ쿴һĻҲǹճһĨЦ⡣
ǿԳˡ
붯ųǵá
ʮ˸Ҫ粽ǰסŵļ洫ӣȴǱԸ̧£ǼŽ״ʦѣ˲ҡ

ԣʮ˶ʱһ㵡
ǿǷǳԴǰЩӻʵδ̫࣬ɵĻһ˽۷ʦɻܾŽ״ʦ
ֱЦ
Ž״ʦ˲Ϊ޵ô
ڵ̫ˣʵôеͲκ˷ˣҾҪúýѵһ٣֪ʲôһɽһɽߡ
һϣ
Ž״ʦҲǱԸˣٶȼӿ죬һӴϢͬʱһֻ֣ץ˳ܡ
Ž״ʦͬʱһץͬΪŽ״ʦԵֵ
Ŀ΢΢һϸֳһĨζ΢ӿһ̣αǼٺˣͬ磬գۼ˿ף׵ضڶŽ״ʦһץ
ת֣
һʱ俴˳ԵĽ£ܿ˫۾бŭ֮⣬޳֮ͽȻҵʹҵת֣ûõĶб¾ͱʹת֡
ѾˣתѾΪʩչٶֱ׷Ž۷ʦͨľŽ״ʦ춼޷мߺޡ
ģȴó磬һǵ档
ûãǼŽ״ʦֶԸһ״ʦѵˣǲǾôҺгɾ͸УǵĻֻ˵ǸˣΪǱ˵ңҵ·Ƕ
˿Է˵ɫأԿ˵죬ˣתԭȷģ䵽ϣֻ˵̫ûˣԼĶܲáȻԺҲñˣ㱣ܰɡʲôʱҲԸˣҵֵܸ㱣ܡ
㡭
һͨ졣
СӣﳶƤӣҾͲþŽ״ʦʰһ״ʦķ
һŽ״ʦŭһٶ˵һ֣⼸Ž״ʦٶȳ˳ԡ
һΣǳȫٶҲӵ˼£Լ侹ʩչһٶȱǰֹ
Щ£ƾЩһ
ЦҲٶ˵λζ缫˲仯ɻӰ˿ȥںϵһ޷Σ˵ץסˡ
һʱ䣬Ž״ʦΪ׽סϵʩչһǿ󹥻ͼ谭ԣȻܱ߻ľǱƻ٣Ե½Ƕûϡ
ҳԲһζˣǴܣʹü˵Ĺ˵ͬ顣


438 ͵Ϯ
վһ߹ۿδڵ񷽾ɫѿ
ΪȻ֣ԵٶȾǱҲ˶٣ﵽ˴ʦļޣֻеʦܱȵϡ
ҵǣӱͻϮžŷֵİջ˳ԡ
Ȼ洫ӣмڴӱ͵Ϯֶܲ𡣿֣Ǳʾֱӳϲʰԣ͸ˣܽܵġ
ݣ
ĳʱ̣񷽾˫һ⣬磬˲ڳֱǰһӰ

Ԫ֮䣬ɳʯɶŭһųԣѸٱƽԣֲ֮ĲҪǰȫĨɱ
٣ڶô
񷽾ֵĵһʱ䣬ԾͲˣϹһĨЦ
Сġ
˵Ȼ͵Ϯ
洫ӣȻ͵Ϯһ״ʦҪҪ
񷽾Ķܿ˵ע⣬һ¶ŭݣʮҪȥԡ
Ǹնͱ£õģųע⵽ǣΣյġ
ǣǼһǾŽ۷ʦųˣҲӦ
Ž״ʦʲôټһŽ۷ʦսһ
ܹͼŽ״ʦҲٶԸһŽ۷ʦ
޷ųıܹģ϶¡ڳԣŷĵΣ¶ԷʵǿȻΪԻΣա
ôһ˵ʮҲǷӦ
ǵų֮ǰնɱһʦǿߡ
ʦɱһŽ۷ʦΣ
ݣ
񷽾˵ŭţĿųԣ֮£˲󣬶ϣҲǸֳһЦ˫ƻӶ͵ѹ£壬ͷһ޵Ȼ򳽻ԡ
ʱĳȻںǼŽ״ʦ񷽾㹥·ûз֣ͷûһ¡
һĻ񷽾ͲԶ죬Ц
һԾӶӲˣȴģֻ·һ
ԣ֪ûý׼
۾΢΢һ⡣
ʮüͷ΢΢һ壬뵽ܹɱʦֺܿɿ
ûע⵽ǵĶͷϣѾϸ
ס֡ס֡ԣ㰡
ûٿڣȴǾžҵǡ
Ҳǿ񷽾ԳԷΪǿ͵͵ϮԼпܻһ±նɱ
뵽Ϊ˾ԼϾҪɱһʱҰףرǿеŭ򳽻ԣԻδŵýҪεȥ
ߵĶҲܱ˵ע⣬ǿ񷽾ԳԷΪ͵Ĺһ򳽻ԵĿⶼ
ܵļһ͵Ϯû˶֪Ǳ˭ɱġ
ݣ
ȻĿⶼ۵ϣƺ뿴ôʱԵȴģ

ŭ磬Ѹٳײ˳ϣ˲䱻ŭû淢һ죬һѷѸӿ
ܿ죬һԲ׵Ĵӳǰ
񷽾ĹȻӴԶʶ񷽾ĵӣж¶ŨŨ־ɵ
ףǸʬôˣѵɷˣ
ʦһоͰһ״ʦɷˣҪ˶þͻƵʦ˰ɡ
ҵʦ֣ǸҲáʦּͻƵʦԺúúúύ
ӷӦһ̾ҳ񷽾Ͷȥ΢Цϣύ
ԡ
һһ˹ȥ
Կ϶û
ʩ΢΢һɫ৵һ°ˣҡͷųԿ϶¡
ʮһ˫۾ǽǰǵ˫ȴǻԼıԳʱ䶼δ֣ǾԻ﷢һѪս
Ψ򽣣ɫƽ΢΢
ЩΪǵļһΪܹĨɱһľô
ݣ
һ̣վڲԶŵӣͫ׶ʱŵϴһӣ񷽾
еһȺˣҲ˿ͬʱ϶ӿֳһĨŨŨ𾪺ͽ
ţ
񷽾Ŀ⣬üͷ΢΢һ壬ʶתȥ
ôܣ
ǵϤģԼϵӰ񷽾ͷ𣬰ûعôûŭ۷幦ʩչ˳㲻ֵܵס

ž
񷽾ܿͷӦҲ룬ٶԪҪųԺɱȥŸնǰһӰһɾӿͬʱһľʹҲ̲ס˳ȥ
͵Ϯˬ𣿼Ȼϲ͵ϮӾ㡣
Цһ񷽾أ첽׷ȥ
񷽾ɵδ£ԾѾϣһ㶼Ļᣬٶȿ磬գۼ񷽾࣬͵ػȥ

ꡭ
񷽾ܹܵסԵȫһƣһ̺ǧȾŽ״ʦȫһ񷽾ϣ񷽾ڶʱһͷѵ죬ȥͷƤ顣
ͨ
񷽾䵽˵ϣֱӻ˹ȥֻﲻϵѪԼ³
һ£ˣȬˣΪҲԶܴͻƵʦ
⡭
ȫžһŴͣġ


439 ʵ
һŽ۷ʦôһ״ʦɷˣһôظɴࡣ
Ƕġ
ݣ
ʱԶʴͻȻһӰӴϯɫ΢䡣
ʦ
ܹշڣֻеʦ߲ӵеֶΡ
һʮߣ䣬ϸһɱϢºĿ䵽񷽾ϣ񷽾ڵϣɫʱޱ䣬Ҳ˵ֱӷ˹ȥӲ̽񷽾ơ
Ƭ̣񷽾ڵƾͱ̽һ
׵Ǿѣ𣬵һֲˣӴһ۲۵ķ
üͷţһɷŭ֮ɫӿĿ⻷һܣ˭µ˺֣ŵ洫ӴˣϷ
˵֮䣬ܵԪҲ𽥾
ĵʦ֮Ԫ֮ʵǿޱȡ
ֻʵĵʦѾʼ˻ĵʦǿʮŽ۷ʦҲĶ֡
ִµʵడò˶þҪͻƵ׵ʦˡ
нִ³ǸµҪùˣִ·ǳ񷽾֮ǰ˵񷽾һڱضͻƵʦҵʱ񷽾Իû뵽û񷽾ͱ˴
ִ֪ǰ˸͵ִȥֱԼá
ô˵Ǽһ군ˡ
ŷŭĽ٣ŵĵǶԴŭļһҲ൱η
ʦȻǿ
ܵϵԪͫ׽ԼʵڶԷһж߲
˵ȷҴģ֪ǰΣ
Բûдȥֱվ˳ϲûо⡣
񷽾͵ϮǵǿĹȻҪأˣԿ϶֣˵ֻһŵִͨ£иǿҲκԥ
ţû˿ĹУȫΪ˻úôԸʵ
ŵ٣ȲѣѡΪС
ͬʱҲΪŻΪС¶ͷ
Ȼ֮ǰҪӦǰ鷳
һɣΪʲôҪôأĿⶸȻ򳽻ԣ˫һʵʰɱ
ѵ㻹ҽ𣿡
ϸֳһĨЦζҲ޼֮⡣
ٵΪڵıǲ׷ŹԼ
Բ£Լ̡
ȷܴкĽͣ㹻Ҫ񷽾ҽҲŹ㡣û´Ӧǽг԰ɣǰһֻɱ˺Զɵĳ㡣ƾЩҾʹ˰֡Էϵ֫ɣҿ㲻
һЦųԣϵȴǶȻؼԪٶȾͺһǰһֻϰĴڡ
Էϵ֫ɱʲô𣬽ִǲеˣֱӶɱ
֣ʵûʵȴ˽ִ£ֻϵùܱסһѾܲˡ
ʧһŰԵƾ״ʦʵܹɱ񷽾츳ԶţҲֲ츳ˡ
ûʵͬߣֻн츳תΪʵŻᱻءŴȱָţ״ʦ洫Ӷ㲻ϡ
Ϲ״ʦնɱŽ۷ʦһŽ״ʦİΧɵ𣿳ǾһԲ٣ֻ̫ùˣ˽ִ¡
ڵ򳽻ԵĿҲΪ򱧲ƽû˸վٵʵ̫ǿˣŽѹ㷺洫ӶҪӣθҵ
Ҫǵųƥ򻹲񡣡
ʮ˶ʱŭ𣬺ԥشһ
ˣңҲֹҪСӣЩ˵ĿʸҲҪȡߣʮǲΪںڵڶҾͲôǣţžҲøţǻҲøš쳽СǷ϶ˣˣҲסҡ
һҲʮ˵ӣǱҲںٱֻŵִͨ£ıȴ񣬲Ǻܼɵһš
ϵҵֵܣҲס㣿ϲģб°ոյĻ˵һ顣
Ȼڽٻ䣬һЦضųԵʱһͻȻԶϿմǼӰӲԶʴӶ
ϣ
һϤӰüͷ΢΢һ
ϼһб°ոյĻظһ飿
ӰأһϮµĿϣǶųЦŵ˵ͷһضŽ١
ϢȻǺǿ뽪ٲ˼Σȴʹýüͷ˲壬и̲סһ߽״ʦ
ǽ٣ǧĵһЩ뿵ʶ˽Ǵ󾪣ǳҲһ㵣е㲻š
ǰϺǷֿʱŸոͻ߽ʦȻ²Ź˶೤ʱ䣿ϾȻӲͻƵ߽״ʦһȽס
Ŵ͵Ĵ㵾󣬳пЦԪ岻귽һֵľʣһߵٶȾǻ
ŷӡҲſͻƵ״ʦ翵ϡ
֪ѩڵΪﵽʲôˡ
ԲӵоŷѩϲԾһĨܾͣûеЩ˰
ִ£˲кŵ洫ӣزм˵ʮ⣬ΪŵˣҪеϳһΪٲкˣ뿵ִһӣҡ


440 ԵĿ
Ȼ𶯣û뵽ϵΪȻﵽ˵ز߽״ʦΪĿϣλſ϶ⲢֹҪ񷽾
Ҫǣʹ˰ֵĻŵŽⲻܽܵġ
ʮ⣿е㣿
ЦˣЦЩſһʱ䲻֪ΪͻȻЦ
Ц£ϵɲȻɱ죬ҿϰѻֵһëҹ㡣

ϺͳԹϵˣʱһ˫˫Ŀ𺳵˳ԡ
Ϊһͨͨ״ʦϾȻԥվ˽ٵĶ棬һҪ˶Է
Ҫ֪ȻֻǾӢԺִ£۵λֻͨ洫ӣ꣬ϵӴ󣬾ͨ洫ӶҪӣλ˿ѷɫ洫Ժִͨ¡
һݣϲûиһӣ˵Ҫ
һ˳ȥԻȻ󲨡
ܿǾͷӦ˹ոտ˵ֵܣԿ϶ͳ֮ĹϵȻǳ
һʱ䣬򳽻ԵĿ⣬ӿֳŨŨԼĽʣһ￴ȥƽƽֻս΢ǿЩŵһţı󣬲ſƥеʦȻĿŲǳĹϵֵơ
ԿһĻһůӿܹظܵ϶ֵꡣ
㡭
һǵͨ죬Դӽţ⻹״αв
ƫƫвˣҵɵ
ɵϣϱǸˣȴеԿ
Ǹ˿ŵƽ̼ˣҲҪĴڰ
ϣҿϣΪֵܡҲԺСĵ㣬ҲʰʰҲȥɽͿ޷졣
˲򳽻ԵĿ⣬ȴǳԹ
󣬽鴫ȥ󣬶Ǻεء
ôˣ
Цһ΢΢
Ҷ˵˷Ź㻹
ټƺʹ˰ݣҲӿһ
ո˵Ҫҵֵܣ˵һŹˣûĻҵֵܻ汻ϵˣ
Цѡ񣬸ֵܵǸҷϵһȡ
䣡
ΧٶȷֻоӺת
ϾȻžӢԺִ£һδŵ˵Ǹ
һ̣ظܵ뿵ϵֵ֮飬Ǻεȵ
ϣ̫ҽٿɲģǼңƣʱҲܡ
ŭգ˿վǰĲǿϣŵһ洫ӣԻԥǰȥͶԷƴ
Ȼ㲻ԸǸ۴磬ҷһȡ
϶վԵһ˵ͷʾ֡
ǡ
۵ͷɷ˫ֱۣ٣һɲ֪ȽǿٵϢ
ŴˣԵͫ׶ȻԿ϶˵ǿһָͷ¾ɱ
˵ע£λȻģһ̱˽ǰ
ֻоԼ·һɿֲԪˡ
Ԫ
ʦԵʦ֮䣬ȷǿʩչԪ˫ʵǺܴԪ̫á
Ȼ˫ʵʱмϣһʦͬʹԪһʦ壬޷
ɴ˿ɼ۵ΪٴﵽĽ׵ʦҴּͽסٵԶԶֹĽ׵ʦ
ܵԼˣǰɢĿֲɷڱˣס֣ס֡ԸǸ
ǿʵֻѡ˲
סְۡϰ˰֡

һٶȻص˿ԭոʲô¶ûһ㡣
ȴѾһ亹ɫѿ˼㡣
Կ϶ոԼûкԼԸǸûס֣۾Իԥؽȸϵ
ʦɲʦʦֽŶˣܿΪԼҩʦֽһˣǿɾĶˣж˵ҩΪн
ԼĽŶˣӴĵλ½
ʧ棬ԥѡ˱סԼ
Ŀĳԣųɱ⣬εغܺãûбֳ¿һŭֱɱˣ֪ǿɱҲмΪ˳Ʋÿϣ϶ܵһЩʹسͷ
һٶųԻ˵Բ𣬽³çˡ
˵仰ֻеɱ·ҪʵȻ
ִ£ǣлȥݷá
ſϱ˱ȭٲֱͣתȥ
ʱΧ˷ŷӦһ򳽻ԵĿ⣬޲Ƿ˳׵ת䣬˶ֱǰȥͳԽύܺͳԽύǾͽл뿵ϳΪѣŵķչкô
Щ򳽻ʱ˸Īζ
սٶǸȻǿʹģȻȦ˵ıⱨˣȻǿϣǳԡ
˿óԣΪſϵɽſ϶ԳԵÿǰ;һƬҲ˲óԣΪ˽٣ԽȦﰵĸֱűȻǴ粽С
˶֪ǣʱĳȴһƽͺǰ飬ûκιϵ
ֻʵܱסԼ
ӦԽ鷳
ηչ


441 ŷѩϢ
ʲôûȥ룬ѾԼȫһȻ״̬Ǵߵ£򲻻κ
֣þò
˹Ц˵
ۿ˳һۣһƽüͷ΢΢һһâ
û뵽ΪôͻƵ߽״ʦϲˡ
ҲЦ˵
ϹһЦ㣬ܲͻƵʦء˵ˣȻѾͻƵ߽״ʦ㽻ֵĻҿʮж߲ɣ
Ȼֻ߽״ʦƾſԪ壬ǾŽ״ʦܹһսȴܹظܵԵǿ󣬱ϿȥԾһ̶ˮû˿һɽľҲǶ֡
ЦЦԸ⻰ϳȥ˵ŷӦ˰ɣ
ǵģǰЩӾѾ̳ˣҵԺ
ϵ˵ͷüŷȻˣѩȴûŷ˵ѩһظ뿪ˣǰһڵĴɣǸظ˵ѩӵһǿʣҪѩ
ڣ
ƽɫǷ˱仯
ڣȻǺ˽⣬ҲԲİΪںһݵĶֻڵѾ𣬶ɷʢǿ
ڵУʦ
ѩľ屻ڵ˸ˣҲãѩڣ츳Ȼᱻ󻯵ؿɾ;Բ͡
üͷɿ밵ħԿ꣬ɣŷѩڱȻõչˣչô
֪Ҫòܼˡ
ڲͬţںֻΪﵽʦԶ뿪šֲܽݵ򣬷һй¶ӭĽյ׷ɱߵѣѡ
ֻеͻƵʦٿܷˡ
˼ѩҲգԼͽ˼ȫһȡͻƵʦô˵ѩڱضǰȫġ
֣ѩȻ뿪ˣһŸ㣬ǷŷϣҴȥŷɡ˵
Ե˵ͷŷѩ֮Ĺϵδȫ˵˼໥䶼ŷѩ˷ȥضҲϵܺܳʱ䶼ٺͳԼ棬һŲΪ档
һû˵ʲôſϼɽȥ
ΧΧɢȥճԵԻᴫš
ǧĺʩԵı飬϶Щʧ䣬뵽ŷѩڳˣƺִ˺ܶ࣬͵͵Щϲ
ʩ磬ѩ˭
ʩҹϲ죬ҲʩҹΪϤæǰȥʵ
ʩҹٺһЦãʶֵ̫ˣѩѾǳֵܵŮˡǿϧˣôɰƯȴܺͳֵһ𡣡
ǡ
ӿһǿҵʧ䣬ԺвͳһһĻĻ龰뵽Ѿİˣһ˫Щʪ
ܿ죬һƽ飬ĬĬ˵㳽ŮΣѵ涨ŮҾͲܺһ𣿺ߣƫƫҪһ𡣡
ţѾʩǧĶˣŮܿһں˵˵ЦЦ
ɽÿһɽ涼ӵһÿжһ洫ӡ
ܹӵж洫ӣΪҲﵽ˵ʦ𣬲ÿ洫Ӷӵһ
Դʱǰɽ壬ŵ壬塣ĵƽԼڶ೤̫ϳϵĳ֮أһƽʱûʸȥ
ŴϵĵӣԺգҲһԼԺ䡣
һ·ϳԵ˲ŵĵӣЩΪձϸߣٶﵽĽ״ʦĲΣ߽״ʦϵĵҲżʣʱʱһɹǿµϢЩϢԴﵽ˵ʦĲΡ
̤ʱ޵ظܵһ޵ϢԼӹ
ķϻö˯ȥ͸¶˿ϢⱻŸֲԳԲܿ϶ǵϢǲʦġ
Իڶ֣ϢʦɢģҲ͵¡
Ƭ̺ڿϵĴ£Եһռǧƽ׵Ժ䣬Ժ˸滨ݣػҩζһЩѼҩ
ЩҩǳԶЩĽЩͼˣԺܿͻָ
֣ԵƬ̣ŷҰǰһԺھȥ߽ԺӣЦ˵
Զ˵Ϣһ£Ҹȥһˡ
ŷ壬һֱ־⣬ԾͿһȥŷˡ
Ҳá
ϵ˵ͷ漴볽һͬ߳Ժ䣬ŲԶһԺȥ
Ժ󣬳Եüͷ΢΢ΪȻǼԺӰӶǿҵԪɢ
Ԫƺڴ򶷡
Īɣŷǵ鷳
Եüͷ΢΢һƣͫɢһĹâ
ŷѩȻ뿪ˣԶŷ壬ȴһؾأΪŷѩ뿪չ˺ŷ塣
ŷסԺﶯ䣬ԽǵƵʦľδ̫󲨶ĳԣǱһǿɱ⡣
֡
ҲǲǰԺеľԪавãʶ򳽻ԣҪǸȴǼóѾ磬ǰԺ䡣
ÿ죡
Ǽ˴ʦٶȣͷ΢𣬹˲ȥ𾪣ҲǼӿٶȣһǰԺȥ


442 ݺݵش
һԺӣԾͿǰżӰڽ֣һ״ʦ߽״ʦ֣Ա߻վĸ߽״ʦڿ֣һϢǿѾﵽ˰˽״ʦĲΡ
˸еȴǣ˫ʵȻ޴󣬿ȴûֳʤ
һ۾Ϳˣ߽״ʦϷˣһ״ʦ
ŷ壡
һһ״ʦӰͫ׶ʱΪŷѩĸŷ壬һŷѩĲŷȺ
ʲôˣô壬ȥŲֱӰȥ
һڿֵ߽״ʦͻȻܽһˣһû뵽ԷԺԼŷ֣ͷŭָųŭȡ
ɢϢ״ʦݣԲĻԳԶ֡
Ϊ߽ͨ״ʦǶ֣ѳ״ʦˡ

Ȼ˲Ÿո˵꣬Ǹоǰһ·еӰҪӦ͸оǰ·ſֲܱ޴ĳֱѪ磬Ҳǳź浹˳ȥ
ԣ
ļҲǲߵĶŷٿԺˮ˿˵ݰ㣬æУȾȵǣǿҪ֧Ųסˡ
ԿߣǵĿ㣬ȥҿϡ
ŷٸո˵꣬ŷǴһ
ԣǳԣϵʦ֣
վԱ߿ϷһͻȻǰһ˽״ʦϢɢ糱ˮ㸲סԺ䣬ͬʱҲѹ˳ԣǼԸŷ߽״ʦҲͣϵĶ߽״ʦԲֱӰѳ԰ΧС
ûˣֱŷ壬ŷϲûܵʲôƣϢҲ
ŷϵһʺӡͫжʱһʵʰɷ
ɷѾƽ˺Щ죬֮ǰ񷽾ͽ٣϶ûɢɷɽ쿴ŷ屻˴һƣû취Լƽ
ʲô֪ҵĵطȫҹ
ʱϺ۶˸ϵһԺĳɫѿ˼㣬Ҳɱ⸡֡
ϣЩҪϵԣֹǣǧǶ֡
Զŷٵ˿ǰһһǿİ֣æ˵
رŷ壬ǼеصϣǧóԳ£Ȼѩ϶ĵġ
ŷģ˭Ҳ˺֡
ϳŷ˵ͷΪ׵˽״ʦ꣬ŭһ壬˿ѵҪҶ𣿡
ϣ˷ϵʦ֣ҽҪϵʦֱ֪ҺʦֵĹϵҪҶӡ㲻ҴµĻٹ¡
ΪȻ罪񷽾֮ڿǰȴ˼ɣƺһ㶼ӡ

磬ϵüͷ΢΢һ塣
ŵλߣ˿ⲻΪ洫ǰΪʦŵһ̫ϳϣݵλĻϵʦҪǿЩ
ͷ۵ǳ̣Լ壬Ȼ棬ʱʲô£ɳԾҪùˡ
ϣվһȥɣԼ
Կϵɫ֪ݷͬСɣ϶Ը׵
üͷ壬뵣ģ˭Ҳ붯㣬ˣҲ˲
ϣ⻰Ҳ˵̫˰ɣҴҲ˲ŲҴ絽ʱֱӰӳȥ
ЦţмһͻȻ𣬵λǣǳѵҵһϵĻᣬɲŹ
ڳԣȻҪ͸ܷŹû񷽾£ҲҪϵԣݺݵشϵ
ܲܰѿӳȥҲ֪һȻӳȥ
Цδ£Ա
Ҵ
ԵĻһ㵣Цߵļ߽״ʦҲǷЦֻǵЦȴźεļڽм
Цգûȥ᳽ԣǶһԵĿ˵ϣҲˣԼҲҴɲұֵġ㲻˰ɣ
Ȼ岻念ϣô˵ϱվŵŵĴϣҲǵϣԲ򲻵ѣͿϷͻ
֣Ĵգ洫ǰʮһ̫ϳϵ״ӣҼ令ִ̣ˣֻʦˡ޷йĻʱҾðűҲʦס㡣
ҧҧ˵
澪˫ϻܵͷʦҲܵʧ
óԷ۸ŷ壬ζưոݣûֱӶѾǺˡ
Ȼһ㣬ڰֵ㲻ò֣ԼС磬ŵ̫ϳϣҪۡ
Կ̱˶ɱģ֮ȵʱ̶֡˴ۣ˺ѣԻһʱ䱨ȥºԼѳܣҲһ˿һԥ
Сӣҵȵľ仰ϣ㻹ѡֻ֣ҴкˡҸϣȷ
˲ĵҲǻðһ֡

ʱߵ߽״ʦϽӿһǿԪЩԪ糱ˮ˷ųѹȥ
쵰
ɫѿؿһĻȴûг֣һֵĻǾͱʾҪ汣ˣȻᵣһ㣬ܻԴ鷳


443 Ҫ
ֲĿԾʹ˱߽״ʦΧûʶԵʵֻǸоԵʵ΢ǿЩѣͬʱ߽״ʦȻЩ֡
⣬ܹǰ߽״ʦҽܣĻԣпܻὫʱ򳽻ͬΣա
뵽һ㣬ϵüͷʱԽԽ֪δΪá
ү̫ģСֵܵʵǿ⼸СϺ־ܽǲֵܻģΪСֵܻʦûﵽһֶԸԣǾǴԼ洫ҲЦ
ʱ۵ڿϵԺ
ǵĵعͷˣЩû뵽۴磬ллˡ
˿ͬʱؿۣû뵽۾ȻҪγԡ
֣
ʱҲ´һվһĨ̵Ļȣҵ壬ͷ㣬пϱҲá
߽״ʦֻͬͻ˲˳ԣӰĻᶼûС

Բûж˵δҪθոǰ֮ʣǸŶˣȭŻӶǰһƬȭӰԪѿ
Ȼ󶯣Ĺȴ˶Էϣͬʱ
ĴӰʱź浹˳ȥ޲³һڼѪһ£Ǳˡ
ôܣ
ԭ壬ֱɵۣŵϴ󣬲ǰһĻġ
߽״ʦգۼͱԷ߷ˣ
ԵʵȻôǿˣôܣ
ŷ׼ȥϰæɸſͣû˵ڣǱǰһĻֱ˻ȥʹſˮ˫ۡ
ǰԽԺһ߷һ߽״ʦʱŷΪסûв֮ǰҲǸǳӵĽ״ʦʵǻһֱͣڳĽ״ʦʵ棬ȻѾ˲֤ǴδţĽ״ʦ߽״ʦǲһء
Ȼ£߽״ʦһŵ洫ӣͬʱԳԶ֣Ľ˾ȻգۼͱԸˣˣûһˡ
ѩ۹Ǻð
ϵԽɾͱضǷ¿Իּ߽״ʦŷ֪Լ׵͹˳ԡ
ĳɾͣѾԼˡ
ãԼŮ۹һ۾Ϳ˳ԡ
Ž״ʦû뵽㻹ΪŵµӾȻžŽ״ʦΪЩϡҴҵˣӻǴ󰡡ڿڿϵϣһᣬҿͷϴ񷽾Ҿˡ
ͷ󾪣֪ԼǳԵĶֱ֣
ϴŭû뵽徹Ȼ޳ܣǰԼ֣û뵽ʶ˳Կµʵ˵ԼϷŹԡ˷ŭǣȻҪóԸͷϴô
Ϊʦŵ̫ϳϣϾԲȥһݸ
ͷϴ
ҲЦһֱ壬˵һƾͳ˹ȥ
Ҷҳ֣ˡ
ˣ˽״ʦٶȱ߶˼¡
ž
ֻԵٶȱ֪˶٣û˳Եİƾͺݺݵϣû뵽㾹ȻͷϴҸ㣬ŷͷϴҲὫһͷ

嵹ɶѪżݣɽգͳһʺİӡ
ͨ
ûоͣ£һԾޣص˦ϣɳһݺݵ˵棬Ϣֱήȥ
Եʵôôôǿ
ŷ˴ؿһĻϰתӸոճ˲߽״ʦԼ˿˽״ʦ壬˲Ϣʱ䡣
ԵʵȻɱ߽״ʦǰ˽״ʦ
ϴγ뿪ǧǣƺ²ɣ
ʱԵʵſﵽ߽ʦѡ
֮ǰǵ֪ǿֲΪٶȣ߽״ʦϰ죬̾Ȼžš
Ȼ˿̵ĳԣ߽״ʦǰȴּֽɻ˽״ʦûл֮
˵Ǿţǳʲô

ŷ壬ʵֵʵڱֳĻҪǿء֮ǰɽ֮ǰǷϵһŽ۷ʦǲ֪ǣǰ죬Զɺͻϰ߽״ʦǣٻ˽ʮޣовٵƷϵޣԷֱܣһһʦ˳ֵϡ
ŷ˵ı飬ϲһͼӴףȴǿЦͬʱҲ˼ӦԽıˡ
Ȼǿ󣬲Һ̨ӲҪֵܣȻǲͬġ
ɱɱ˵ʦ
ŷֻһת첻֪˵Щʲô
ʦжǿ֪ȴ֪ʦţһȻһȴԸɱˡ
ǸǰһС˸նɱˡ
͸һССĽѵǻǰ鷳ҾֱӷǡҵĻ񷽾һӡ
ؿڵ壬վ߽״ʦ̧ҹ
˿Ѿʹȥ˵壬ͱֲǰһգۼ侹ȻܽǸܣ֮ûУʵʵ̫ǿˣúǰȱס˵
æ̧ܳԺӣҪģǵѹȻȥ붯Ĵ


444 µĿ
ǽյĳ϶Աˡ
ԣû뵽ʵȻôǿˣҸոջ¡ϧѩڣѩڵĻʵôǿһܸˡ
ŷһοο֮仹ԺĹâ˸
Ϊǰ츳ˣܻΪŮ
ŷ壬û°ɣ
΢΢һЦĵʵ
ŷǶްЩ˵Ŀ겢ǡʵǿǸˡԣǲǵʲôܲÿϰæһ£
űϾͬ棬ĸ֣ǵʦ֮࣬˵ҲŶԸѰʦİ취˫ȭѵ֣űȵʦǿĶȥ
սţǵǿĵˣڽķչ൱
Цŷ岻صģûеʲôˣҲ̫Ӱ죬һᴦõġ
ԲŷΪġ
Ѿ뵽¹ǽٴȻôյִ￵ϵԺӣŷ鷳֮ǰɽŴϵ񷽾Щߣڿ¶ûҲ˵ϢδΨŵʦΪĽ뿪˽٣û˿ôϢ塣
٣һȥԸ㣬ŷ鷳ҳԱض㸶ۡ
һ˿ɱ⡣
ŷ忴˳Ե˼֪ǲԼģ̾һϧԼʵ㣬ΪܸǽѣӿռָȡһţݸԵѩ뿪ǰҽţ𿪿ɡѩ˵ڴٴκ档
Ժٶȸֳ񾲵գϲ֪һ˿Ц⸡֣ӹŷţûϲ
Բδ뿪ŷסԺ䣬ǰȻǽӡ׼յİٳѡΡ
ڷУŷѩдţּԼм˼밮ϹһĨҸЦݡ
ѩģʮ꣬Ҿһ̤ݣǰѰ㡣
СţԷһöռָ
ŷѩ˼ʮ꣬ʮ󳽻ԻδȢޣ͵Եӡ
ȻǲôãԼһʱΣھҪʦǰݡ
ʱȻһ£Լܻڳ޵УΪԼѾµˡѡаԼˣЩ޲ǹԼԼȴű
𣬻ҪʦʦֵǲܰŵҫҪ֣ⲻԼĿꡣ
ԼĿ꣬Ҫ߹Լ˶úãǲ˺
һΪǿֻؿһҵ˱ɱһҪúǿ˭˺ߵˣұ֮ȡͷ
ΪѩһţһµĿꡣ
һҪһҪѳʬΣǺйϵˣҶҪͳͳɱ
һԺѹԼȻȻ˲ˣһʺİӡҲ֪˼ţʱҰްŭ
׷ŭˣӽŵڣΪıӻһλ̫ϳϵ״ӣûκ˸ҵ洫ԺһЩŵʦΪ洫ӣӡ
ӽ֪Լĺѱһŵӵ˸ˣǸ˵ѻס壬Ȼ֪Щ˺ͿŲǳĹϵԼȻ˹ȥϷˣһԷΪ֪иϲŮˣͻϵŷˡ
ʱϷˣŷˣڳԵ֮ǰջصϢȳ֮ٺݺݽѵԣһֱӰϵ
ȻĽȴΪ͹˳ԵʵԼȥգۼͱԸˡ
ԼԾȻ˿˼ݺݸһƣһǲˡ
ʱŭĲϵƣԵڴԭ¡
ΣҪ
٣ҪҪȥ٣Գ֣ѵǸԵһ߽״ʦ˵
ŭǻ
ǡ
ȴһ㲻ϲͬ޳ԣͲȥ档
漴ҲϵˣǴ˸ñסӣ±֪ԼӶú˿ٵظһԺ䡣
ãһռطΧСԺ䣬Ժ俴ȥΪªΧԺĿ⣬ȴŨŨľη
ԭܼ򵥣ΪǼԺסһĴڡ
ǼңȥҴ硣
Ը˼һ߽Ժӡ
Ժ漫ΪտʲôûУ徶ֱӣ˴š
߲ǿԵЩ谵廹ܹ
һһ䷿ţվڷ˵磬㡣
ûлӦ
尲վڷ⣬ûٳʱҪľǵȴ
ٽжٴŵĻ׵ܵܣⲻһٽѵ
ɡ
ȻûãбһĮ
ȻĮȴһ͸Ļ
Ϊƺˣ֪ʲôʱܹͻƵʦ
аϲΪԽߣλͻԽߣĵλҲ֮ˮǴߡ
ŵش򿪷ţС߽˷䡣
йԵøӰû˿ߣϡؿԿһӣһ£յ˫Ŀɮһ͵ĸоǰ˫ü
˫üͷ·ֱȥܱ޵Ľ˲ֱӡ


445 Ȳ
ݣ
ĳʱ̣˫ۻȻ·Ϊ֮һ磬䷿䣬Ҳ˲ӿֳһ̹ǵı佣Хߡ
۾罣棬һǿҵķâĿ֮С
洫ǰʮŽ⽣֮ƵĴڡ
ϲΪʦָտɴ
ֱһƨ
ҵΪҺµıչ洫е῿ǰһɱǰҪͻƵʦЩңԶǰһͲͣͶҲ޷ʦˡ
Įƺû˿Уˣ˵ЩûõĻʲô£ǲ洫еʦˣ
Ѿ洫߶ز׷ľǿΪǵĿ궼ʦһͻʦǵݵλһٳԽе洫ӣΪŵĸƽ̣źܴĻΪŵƽ̣Ӷӿ
洫߶ȴĴˣ洫еʦӣǾǲӣǻ洦ġ
ȷ˲ӣˣ˻ЩҴˣҴȥ߽״ʦҲȫˡ磬һҪұ𡣡
޺޵˵ͬʱ£¶ؿڴһ˺ۣǵ˺۲֪⻹⣬λðѿص൱ãһЩƣһ΢ӵԻ³
ǺǣĸʦˣӣȻҰˡѵûҵ׵ܵ𣿡
ؿڴƣĿ΢΢һˣƾһ۾ͿܹƵˣǴʦҲֻеʦ
ҵʱ˵Ǵ׵ܵܣȴӣ˵ѹû֣һ˵ҲûáˣͿϹϵǳҹǾпɽŲ
ţ˭ĵӾȻô󣿡
ĿһУһʵʰɱ罣âɢշ·Ϊ֮飬пɽͲҶˣӸɽҲҪڡңʲô֣ھȥ
磬гԣڻŵĵӡʵǿΰٳѡΣΪ洫Ӧû̫⡣磬ǧΪ洫ӣȻԺ϶ӵš
˵ҪóԺڣʱ˷ѾЩȲˡ
˵ڻŵĵӣ
ȻȴЩңʲôΪ
һ㵣жʱʶҲشڵȷŵĵӣ˷ţΪ˲μӰٳѡζʵ״ʦ˵ڽ֮ǰɱ˺Զɵһ㣬ǰϵ񷽾磬ʵѾǿˡ
֪ĴѾЩˣΪԵΪ̫
״ʦܹɱʦϵ񷽾е˼ڵΪ̫ˣȻһţҲܹڶ⣬츳Ժ洫ǰ˱Ƚϣô˵ڵΪʼնֻ״ʦΪǲֵܻġֻǽѵҶᡣһҡͷ
硭
ٶ˵þŽ۷ʦǰ벽̤ʦУȥԸһ״ʦⲻҪ˳Ц𣿵ʲôʱͻ˵ʦʱûͻʦһѵһġ
˰ֹ֣˵ȥ⻹м£ҽսǰħԨʱ޷ʱµ͵㣬ʱԿˡ
磬ҪȥħԨȫǰħһҲ˵Ե¡
̾һҵ츳ǿȥ֪ʱܹͻƵʦҲֻȥħԨѰһԵȡͻʦ
ʦ
ԼңԶĴʻ㣬һâʵ磬ҪòŻ
ҲǺȷ£һɡ
壬츳Ҳ˶٣ҲڵЩʱҲץȡܹͻƵʦ飬ȥᡣҲڵڼǵˣʵ̲סĻȥǣǶ洫ǰһٵˣȻǸˣָϣӦû㡣ȻѣҲæģϾΣѾȥ˹Ķǣ׷ʵ洫еܹϿǰ
磬֪ˣҲ鷳ġħԨһҪСġ
صصͷ
ţȥɣ뿪ͱˡͷ
ǣ硣幧˳˷䡣
ȥıӰĿ΢΢ɱ㣬ϵ񷽾״ʦΪһȤļһ֪ҴħԨΪܴﵽʲôΡǼһҾͲ洫ӵҴħԨһһֱӳԽˡ
٣𣿡
߳Ժ䣬ʦɵΧ˵
ҡҡͷҴм֣û취ǸһΪ̫ˣ״ʦôþŽ۷ʦֶԸһ״ʦ϶ᱻЦ±鷳Ҵˣ취ɡ
Ϊ̫ͣ
˵Ϊ̫ͣƤ̲ס鶯£Ǹգۼͽ˵ļһΪȷǵЩǵʵƺǿ
磬ô죿ܾܲŹɣ
˶ǱԴˣ˿̻ԪѹƣԳԵĳ޼ѹûŹԡ
һȻܾôŹԸǲһ洫ˣǲһ״ʦֵġ


446 ŵ
ѰҲ뵽һ㣬ǵʦԼİ϶׶һ״ʦ֣ⱻЦԼ
˭ҪҸʦԸΣ
һʵ
УһǲģԵпϳŵУû˸ҵ￵ϣǿɱˣִ»˵ǸǸˡҡҡͷ˵ͬ
Ƭ̣ĿһͨĵȻԸ￵ϣУݵλڿϵģҲڡȥҲҪμӰٳѡΣԸԣǿ϶Գڶ

֣ж¶ŨŨؼɵ־塣
ΪҪǿһЩѾǴﵽ˾Ž״ʦֻϵΪʵڴʦУ޵еĴڣ˵ǰһʦ֣󲻽˶ԷԪսʮзܡ
Ҫ֪ʱʦǳȫ£ܹԾŽ״ʦʵУսƿֲ
Ѿ˵ΪͻƵŽ۷ʦԿԻѰһ׵ʦƴʦܻܵʦĹдһ񻰡
ݲףһ̫ϳϵ״ӣ֮ǰһֱδμӹٳѡΣ翵һڻȫŵ洫ӡڿ֮ǰŵĵһţҲвΪһĵһţΪϣһ񻰣ϲŸոո¶ͷǡ
ǲ֪ӵѵһĿԪ壬Ļ㿵ڻûֲֳ츳һĵһţҲʵ顣
û˵ʲôֱڵԺȥ
ͬʱվһ̬Ϊ
Ļ΢΢ͷô˵ǸԵˣȷЩģѾʦμӽİٳѡΣʱһѵһسӡ
Ȼ۷ִӦˣҾͷˣٴл
ԣæ˵
Դ۷˿ԷһݱԷʵΪνӿһһţ֪ǿ˶ٱ
첻֪۷жǿȻϵΪǾŽ״ʦǿҵĸо۷ҪĻһӡ
Ҳлңֻ곽Եº󣬶ЩȤҵҪܹɱ㣬ϵ񷽾жǿʦǰһֱչ¶ʵ֪λ᲻ܱƵҳȫ˵иˣѾԺ͵ʦһϣҳȫ
۷˰֣ȴһĨڴ֮ɫ
һڰԺУһؿеĿռָ뵽Լܵĳ裬صҧҧǰȥš
Ӻ󣬽վӶ棬һŽٵĿռָص˵ͷӵİɣξ㲻ǳ֣ʦֵܶҲֵġ㳤ϰƼʦǲŵɾͣ㳤ܺǵȻʹˡǵʦѾ׼ͬǲμӰٳѡΣʱֻҪһлᣬǾͻѳԳǰν㳤ϱ𡣶ǻһЩһ֣ʱпǰæҲҿҲк³
ԣǳ鶯£֪ˣͲ˷ô౦ˡ
뵽ϾͿԿԱĳ棬ֳָһЦ⣬ԣϣǱҵģҺڴǾӡ
ڷû೤ʱ䣬ϾˣϹһ仰ǣ֣Ѿ˲̽ˣ֮Ի㣬ȫΪٴҴ۴ȥץ㴦ãֻҪɱʲôе
ڴأⷬϲû̫󲨶ϵǽٸĹ
΢΢ҡͷ˵ͱٲˣԼá
ڳ˽٣϶ҲưոݣȻԲ֪屳ܹÿ϶еɵ϶൱ǿ󣬳Բϴȥ鷳
Բ˭ԶԼǽ٣Ϊ٣Ըŷ壬ԲԶҪԶԸ١ʵ̫ǽʦĶ֣÷֣ҲÿԻܽ٣ٿɲְӣǻʵĵʦּɱԡ
ðɣԺٲ֡ǸСҲԹ۵ġ
ϿЦһҲ֪ԵƢԡ
˶٣ֵ֣м˵£ҵʦ㣬ûȤ
ʦңüͷһƣЩɻ
ϵʦҲ˵ˣŵĴϣȻֻǴϣݵλ˿ѷɫŵ̫ϳϣ˵Ϊصһϣŵƽ̼ˣ־⡣
ϵΪǺܸߣŶʦ֮ŵƽҲǿ˶١
ţҸոȥһʦʦ˵º󣬾˵ЩȤ˵һûȤȥ
˵ЩʱΪؿ۳ԣΪʱʦпóʦȻ˵ԣȴζֱӽȥԲĻȫԾܾ
ҲɻԼǸϴδ棬ΪҪԼһԼô
Ȼǰңʹҹȥɡ
ԳһǻͷȻԷ˿ѵԼҪڸӣⲻɵӲŻΪ
£ڿϵĴ£Ը߳Ժӣȥ


447 
Ǹ˾ǳԣ֮ǰɽµʱ򣬾ַϵ񷽾ʦִ֣϶˿Ǹ
˰ڸողǰˡǶ֪ɣ洫ǰʮ׵ܵܣŵʦΪ洫ӣϣҵ尡û뵽һ㶼ӣֱӾͰˡ治֪ǵӴ󣬻ɵ
Ȼе츳һſϳ䵱ɽչۣŰɣҪ˶ã˱ضزۡŴȱţ͵
߳˿Ϳһ𣬷׷ָȴŲм
ûЩˣĿתţۣӰ첻˿
ŵĵӣʲôʱôˣʲôʱô
Ȼסˣȴ̲סֱӶЩ۵ĵӺǳ
ЩҲû취ǿɲҺͿ϶죬æתȥ
Ҳ˸ӿ𳽻ˣȻǿſϲŸҲ˷ġ
֣⣬ӴʲôУЩŬļһ֪һ쵽߶߶ǵġ
ڳߣЦ˵˵һû뵽ԲŸյţͽӶܵԵָۣ۸еϺû⣬ҲЩԲ𳽻ԣŸβ
ԵЦһȻϲۣǾȥɣֺ⡣Ͻ·ɣٲ춼ˡ
ųһƽƺһ㶼ӣﷴɻѵѾԴﵽ붨ľ磿˵ֻʦܴﵽľ簡ˣŵ洫Уֻв˴ﵽ붨ľ磬ֻŵĵӶǣôܾΪ붨
ҡҡͷԲȥ룬ܱӵİۣҲȥ˵ˡ
ʮӺһ޴ĸ¥ǳ˳Եǰ
Խ¥ܹܱܵߵԪƵԪҲŨ
¥ʮɣ̻Իͣΰ̲סҪĤݡ
֣ŵĸ¥ܹʮЩ¥ɾԪʯɣÿ¥¶һԪЩԪ󷨴ʦɣԪŨ̶ٱֻΪﵽʦˣʸΪһ¥ˣǰĸ¥󣬾ʦסĸ¥һԽ˵
ʦʸΪһ¥ˣô˵Ųʮʦǿߣʵ
ھԪһ㶼ģڷռУԪŨ̶ȾԲһԪΪмŨϢȸֶž޴Ϣڷռӵ󷨴ʦľԪĸ¥ҲҪǿ౶
ϺٺһЦȻֻʮ¥ŵʦȴֹʮİ洫ԺϣԼ̫ϳϣƽ̺ƽ̣ʮʦˡ˲֪ŵ̫ϳϣɲֹǺ洫Ժͨһ࣬Ҳ˵ŵʦǿߣܹʮ
ʮʦǿߣǲ١֪֪ŵǿߣΪﵽʲôΣ
Ժʵ֪һӿĶǿߣΪʲôΣǬԪĶǿߣִʲôΣԼޡ
ΪʱЩûйע¼ţԼҲЩλʵ˽һ¡
ڵǿôϿǵ̫ϴϣΪѾͻƵĽʦ
ϺٺٵЦţƺЩΪ⣬̬лǱ㹻ľ⡣
Ľʦ
һҲ˽һӿǿߵĴʵϵı飬ƺŵ̫ϴĽʦΪŵǿߡ
֪֪ǬԪͶ޵ĶǿߣʲôΣֱʵ
һ㶣û뵽ԻʵôԶȥǺܿͻشʦ˵ǬԪǿߣǻҵϻʵۣʮǰͻƵʦϻʵ֮⣬ǵĶţʵЩš
˶٣ƺһ£ż˵Ƕ޵ǿߣȴŵĴƽ̣ʦ˵ڵΪѾﵽ˸߽ʦڶޣ½һǿߡ
߽ʦ
пЦһ޵ʵȣȷǲСЩһŵƽ̣ĸΪûﵽ߽ʦЩţЩŵƽ̣Ϊ޲Ǵﵽ˾Žʦ˵ѾӽĴڡ
ݣ˵̫Сˡ
ν޵ǿԼû̫ϵֻҪ˽һɡ
ŵĴƽ̣ô£Ժѯʵ
ذ˰ֵʵڵţֻŵһţǵܲڶ޵򡣾ʦ˵ŻǱϳģÿһƽ̶ܹعܲΪΡ
ԭһܲ
Ե˵ͷûȥ̫ģºϵûҪȥ̫ġ
֮ʣѾǰ
ʱվһͯ꣬ȥƺڵȴԺͿϣѾȺʱԺͿͯ΢΢񣬡ʦ֣ʦѾҴ쳽ʦˣվԪת٣Ϊյİٳѡ̣ʦǿȥȡٽΪһɡ
˵ţֶͯԳԵԵѣ롣
ԪȻת˼£ֻʦֵͻƵʦŻתİû뵽ҲתˡУھȥȡΪһ֣ȥʦɣȳ˾ȥҡͯʦֻȥġ
˵Ѹ߽¥ᳵ·뿪Ҳóʦ뵥볽Լ棬Աߡ
·
Զŵͯ΢΢һЦ
ͯ˵ͷǰ濪ʼ·


448 ƺе㲻ʹ
¥ڲǸһֿ֮УҲĵ߶Щ·֮ΪٻӵӵҲܿʧ
򳽻ԵĿ⣬ҲǴѺá⣬еĲмڽ
ձ棬֪徻˶٣ʺ
ɫƽﵹЩĸо
ãΧӰ𽥼٣ҲװΨܵԪԽԽŨԪҲ൱һͨߵҪʱ䣬Կʦľ硣
ȴǳطЧڷռԶء
Լŷռ䣬ӵһ¥Ҫãô
ֹӣͯų߽һƫδ߽ƫʱԻΪһ˶ûУΪûиܵκϢɸ߽ƫͿǰ治ԶĵϣһȥѮߣϡ
߿ȥ͡ĸоüһ˿º֮˿̲סָоһħվǰƶɱ֮ġ
ֻһ־ϴӾ
ͷֻ΢΢һ𣬾ͺָܿѾƽ䲻ˮȴҲƽĺ棬Ѿһ˿ϵϢȻԾģԳԵȴǲ
ͯߵǰ˵ʦѾѳԵˡ
ʦ𣿡
֪˶ԷݣԼǰŵĴϣݵλ˿ѷɫƽ̡
˫ۻſû˿âɢԵûǲ壬һۿȥ׸һֲɣĸо
ֻǵһоڶоȴ۾䣬һ޵׶˿κΣصĸо
ǳԣ
´˳ۣ֪ʲô¶һ˿̾ԼɷתڵԪϴȵʦԪӦþǳˣǸնɱ㣬Էϵ񷽾ڽջĳԡ
Ӱݼϡ
Թع˹ڶԷܹԼ̲ؽδ룬Ͼ֮ķâ̫ȻԷ֡
ʦͷΣɲǸǵġ
ĵĲǷӡ
ڶԷȻʦǿߣҲܷԼڲŵķӡ
Ǻǣҿǿ࣬ԺͽһɡĿⲻͣڳɨɫȻƽ͡ȴ˾κˡ
Ϊ֣Ȼ峽ԡ
ֽҲһǰδĿֲֶΡ
ո۳ԵǰȻǷֳԾȻ½ɣ漫䲻ףһǼţŽڻӭԡ
ˣȥ㳽ԵĽȴǷԼ޷㡣׼ȷ˵޷㣬ûȥ㡣
ûֻ֣һ־ֵڶǽɾ죬㡣
ո㳽ԽʱȴȻ֣ϲžֵ㣬ƺһĨʥֵ֣֮ס
һʱΪԷɾ޷㣬ҲŴʥϢĽ֣Ȼ˿ȴǳˡ
һһеԶŴ˵ֻнɾλʥ𣬲ſڼֹ֣㡣
ǰȥͲû˿ļһͷȴľĳɾ͸
磿
վĵͯŴͣԹӰתΪԼˣѺãЩĵı飬Ƥʱ鴤ͬʱҲ֪Լȷû
ʲô
ͯоԼƺе㲻ʹˡ
ҲƬ̣ɻΪζԼѺãΪԼͿϹϵףҲûҪԴԼɣ
ǺܿͽЦ˵Ȼϸ粻ңСܾ͹ˡ
Ǻǣϵͯ׼һŸϵܡһԵĵͯԸŵ
ڱտڵĳϵܣͯоһͷĿѣ찡ƽ˶ɫῴ۵ĴϰȷһκͳԼ棬ԵıҲͨģǳԵıȻ츳ǿԺſԪĿϱȼ磬ԣһͨߡ
ԴȴǶԴһδĺѡ
ͯҡҡͷȥ룬ѹסĵ𾪣ȡһţ¡
ϵܣӦ۳˾֮ɣƺһľ֮ءԸոЦʵ
Եûͷûҵľ֮ͨľ֮ǧĥġ
˵֮䣬һһЩѪɫʵĶ̽ǰ󻺻Ʈ
ӹ֮һ۾ͿеѾһƵʦϵ̲ͫסӿһĨǿҵ𾪣Ũɷľ֮֮Īڽģ
򣿡Իǵһ֡
ܿҡͷܻǽ򣬾ڽҲ̺ɱľ֮
Ǻǣϸ粻ˣҵľ֮ںˮģʱҽֽ֮ɶһŻ֮Ц˵ûʱˮһؽ󣬽ɢĽÿ԰֮ʱǽ˺ˮߣвٵĽ˾֮
ˮˮۿԶʱڵһǿߣϧ󱻰ħɱʵ˷ߺޡϵںˮ˾֮Ҳ컯ˡ


449 
΢΢һЦĿ˵֯һе˴󲿷ֶͻƵ߽״ʦʣµľ󲿷ֶ״ʦʵо˶Ϊ˽ߣ˾֮𣿡
Ե˵ͷ²ʲôܣҴϣܵ˶ԷԼãԳԼԼӡܣҲûֱ̫࣬ӵ齨ҽ󻹻úһ֧ǿϸ粻ֹҰɣ
ЦһЦһִɢֻ֪ûҲ֪˼ˣȷ뽫ǿ
Կû˵֪滹лҪ˵
ͻȻʵϵܣǲΪŵ洫ӣ
ԵͷҺҪţΪŵ洫ӡϾûбСֻڴɵУſԵõ㹻Դ츳ǿҲ̤ߵ㣬ΪǿߡͱڣҵľһֱͣͲǰȻѾľƽ޷Ҳȷܷƽ
Щ죬һûбС
ݶﶼֻһû˿СЩǬԪƧˣʲô
˵ֻǳԵǰһĳֵֻ֮أȷû˿
Цһи뷨֪ϵܷܡ
ϸ絫˵޷
ãҵ˼ǣΰٳѡ㾡ȥһ˽ȱΪ洫ӣȴŵ𡣡
Цŵ
ɫ΢䣬Ǳ˸˵⻰һתߣ˵⻰ȴеһĪζ֪ʲô˼
ûмſڣʱҲؿڣĻУ֪Ầ
һ㶼żҲǰͷԵĶȷ費һƵζ㻹û붨ҲȥԶ
㻹ûΪŵĵӣܻ˽ڵ״ʵҵ˼ܼ򵥣ǰ㷢չ׳ֱӳΪ洫ӣƾЩѶˡ
˵ȴŵһһϴԺԺӢԺ洫ԺӼȻֶǵʵӦÿ޶ȵǿɣ֪Ϊϲʣ
ԣһû뵽ȻǿԼڿ˵һˣȴԼⲻòɻ
ϵϣû˿ٵӣҵΪݣҲûбҪƭԼΪԼЦˡ
ϸ磬ҵȷҲһżеӣҶлὫռƺ̫Ŀŵ˵Ĳµʱŭʰ
һ㳽ҲǹűϾӣţиǳأγһɹɵһոռŵĵˣȻŭӦġ
ܹͨӦ洫ԺĵӣͲöԸˣ˶ŲСıǣ㷺һЩʦûбҲܶԸġڵʵʦЩࡣ
ϵԻⷬǣֱЦĵĵȷǶԵģҪҸĻȫԷſȥǵ洫ԺһЩʦǿߣҲú¡
ʦҲú£ҿɴ򲻹ʦ
ԱȻƽȴֹһ
һЦƺ˳ԵĿ⿴Եǽڡ
ݡ
Ȼǽڴһڹ⣬ǼһźµӴǽڴֳ
ʦ
һ֣ƫ¶ȷ·ЩȴķԲףȴůûܵ˿Ӱ죬ӿȴ쳣𾴣ŷĵ𾴡
״ȻһȻӵʵʵɶԷһ֣ÿռе¶ȷ仯ļʶһ۾Ϳ漰ǿĵʦҲӵֶΣҲ˵ǰ쳣𾴵ӣӵʦΪ
һʦԴô𾴣һʦ
ͻȻЩתʦǿţΪĴڰѾʸΪŵĸƽ̣ͳƽƽ
ͷųԽܵʮǰյĵӣ˵µĴӣֱӳƺǧˮ
˵ţֶǧˮ˵󳽻ϵŻŵӽܻ˵Ĳ洫ԺĵʦԼǰʮЩҲ棬ʱϵܽˣͳæɡסԴϵһҪԴһǧųԿ֪⡭ԳƺϵһСʦ塣
Сʦ壡
ǧˮƤ΢΢鶯£Ǻܹسƺ˳һȻԿóΪ㹧
ͯѾ״ԭء
ҲЩ㶣һʦǿߣȻƺԼΪСʦ壿
ȻǰʦԴмӣΪԼʱŵԼʲôûУȻΪǣӵпԪĿҲɵƾ㣬ƺύԼɣ
˼һʦ䵱Լıڰ
΢΢һ£ƽǧˮͷǳ
Ƭ̣ʵϸ磬Ȼǧˮ棬ҿԲپ洫ԺǰʮЩˣЩ˱ٶڣܻǣŵ̫ϳϣʱָô죿


450 붨
㷺ǣˣͱԶɻЩɣʵǺǿ֮Ų˺ֹһΣȻܹӿ꣬ò˥ΪǱվһŵ̫ϳϻ߳ϣʵȨԱ֤ǵ档
һЩﻹЩ顣
һЦЩ㶼뵣ģ˲ۣǧˮѵһٱǡԷŵ̫ϳϣҲøӣǧˮڣû˿谭㡣
ǧˮⷬüͷ΢΢һЩΪλԴԡȥ˵ʲôֻҪԸ£һȫá
Ǻǣϸôһڱǲ֪ϸǲʲôأ
Բûбڱһͷû˻ƽ޹ʵĸôⷬ޹˼ɵŴ֣׳
ǰװ׵ͳһ
΢΢ͷһǵʵҲҪЩʲôֻһϣܰæ
ϸѵҿ𣿡ȴͻȻֳĸо
ЦһҿԿó㽫ɾͱضǷվ½۷壬Ҳ֪һ׼׼һҪһѡ
˵⣬΢΢һ٣ڳԾȵע£˵㽫ϣԴţصܲôƽϿǡ
ܲ
ǳԣͯǧˮĿⶼ΢΢һǷǳһֱиԸǾϣſԻعܲõŵĴƽϿɡ
ϸģһȫΪ֮ŷܲõƽϿɡ
֪Ϊʲôϣܵһͬζ
ƺڶϣиҪҫԸ
гϵ⻰Ҿͷˡ
Цųԣ֪Ϊʲôܸоͬĸоǰйء
ǰ
΢΢һԼǰڵɣȷޱǿ󣬿ȴʲôˣȻܲڣš
ҡҡͷԲȥ룬˵ϸİɣһεİٳѡΣһȫȥһ
ţһҪõǰ䷢һĽһö񵤣ֵҩҶûУܵõ񵤣ͻƵʦʱ䣬ǰ֣ص˵
Ҳ˵񵤣˵˵ҩԴ
Ƕʦһá
ʦˣٿһȽףʦˣ츳õģ㻹һ״ʦ˲ʦĵزƵҩͨʦƲѹղأҲ֪Ǵõġ
ϸģҲʧġ
񵤶ʦ޴԰һʦǿߣȴٳѡεһĽ˵һݳޡȴˣƺŵģҪԼõ񵤡
ڹ񵤣ڱصãһ˹񵤣㲻һͻƵʦҲȥԶֿԽʡʱıŹ
ͷüȴԵЩأðٳѡεһӦû⣬һİٳѡΣΪŹΪ̫ϳϵĹŵӣҲᱨμӡǵļ룬ڵʵҪðٳѡεһʵѡ
̫ϳǵĹŵӣ
üͷ΢΢һǵʵǿ
ЦȷеǿͱһСӣȻֻвžŽ״ʦΪǰһһ׵ʦ֣󲻽ƵʦԪڶԷ֧˼ʮУ˵ǿǿҳ֮⣬кüʵ൱ˣЩ˵ʵƺǿЩء⣬Ϊ񵤣ƺһŶμӰٳѡΣǸȻûͻƵʦȴŽ۷ʦֻܵʦļ¼ء
ԣͷһ֮ǰһֱΪӿһĵһǿ죬Լһж߲ΪٳѡεĵһȻֵȴӿһĸֳ죬ڡ
紫ŵЩǰҲǷĴڣּͿɱü
ԼЩˣܴù
жʱһƬأԼž֮ƿԻѰľŽ۷ʦϵʦֻķݡ
ȻԷȴʦ⣬ܣȻǺˣ϶ǿĴڣԻûĻܡ
ôû𣿡
ƺ˳Ե˼΢Цؿų˵
ţȷûʲôˣһᾡΪġ
ʵػش𣬵ûд󣬲ʱĿʼ˰ٳѡΣΪΣΪ˹񵤣Ҫ뾡취õһ
ϵʵǾԡ
ЩΪˡ
֪룬ЦЦټ⣬ǻһ˵֮ȻںɷޱȣնɱŽ۷ʦȣƺЩǷȱ
ȣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ƺ˼Ƭ̺󳽻εص˵ͷҵľͣ״ʦҶԾĲٿس̶Ѿﵽ񣬿ƾ֮ѾҲֻǿԸŽ۷ʦϵʦͶԸˡҵľܹ΢ЩֻǴﵽ۷ʦҶаտ˺ʦ
ʦҲǽӴһ֣ȻֻǸӣҲһʦͨ㳽Ҳ֪ԼȱͲ㣬Ҳް취ΪԣԪΪȻԿɾҪȴǺѡ
ô죬ǷӡԼŬ츳֮ˣ²ȥеĸԴ뱾츳ԷٵΪ


451 ʦ
ѶʵֻҪҪþľȻܹԪ壬һǣ龳綼ܹѵľҲܵõ𣿡
ЦһȦȦ׹ɢεڳܡ
ģ龳
ƺûиܵɫǳĻﵱС
ȻԸоԼҰǰδеĿտ·ǰһжֿܹɼľţϵɨһ塣
ʱ·ǽһ״̬ȴǳһ͡ţĪζ
붨ʦ붨ˡ
ͯųԵ״̬жʱӿֳŨŨ𾪣ǧˮҲ̲ס¶һ˿𾪡
ص˵ͷƺϵԻ״̬ҲΪ𶯣ΪԼҪٶָ㼸䣬ԲŻ붨״̬ȴ΢˵䣬ͳ׵˳ԣó˲붨ﵽһֲϲԼ״̬
ȻӵпԪ壬ѵһľţʱʱҾΪĳ֣Ż᷵ܲõƽϿɣҫֱΪŵӡ֮ǰĿԪչֳҿϣ֪ŵĸǣ㽫صڳԳ֣Ҳ֪֮ԻΪŵĸǣȫΪ԰ҫˣǿϣǳԡ
̾һЩε˵ϧһЩʸ񰡣һӣܹΪĵӣҾȥҲĿˡ
óԼûʸճӣԸ˿ŵӺһŵҲǲС
Բ֪Լ˶ãֻԼ·գ磬һĻĻ
ʶع鱾֮ʱǷԼľ쳣ܵԪظܵرǾ磬ɫľ
ҵľȻͻƵ߽״ʦˣ
üͷһƣпϲޱȣʶԼľܹȫΪոյָ㣬æŻǰлϸָ㣬Ϊ
ȻǺܺãȴҼ˵ġҲлңܹȡ˽չȫΪԼԣû㹻ԣָҲȻ·㻹ҪԼȥߣﵽ붨Ѿָܹˡ
οЦ·ԼͻƻҪˡ
ɻʵ붨ʲô磿
΢΢һ㶣׹Կ»δ˵֣±͵붨ʵһ״̬Ҳ˵һ־񾳽硣ҪΪһʦԾƿؾ硣ͨҪ̤ʦҪþﵽ붨֮һԣʦΪԾѾǳϤΪˣʦľ״̬Ȼ仯޷״̬Ѵﵽ붨֮ͨ߷״ﵽ붨磬ͻƵʦ
״̬ﵽ붨磬ͻʦʲôϵ𣿡
Ȼûȫ붨˼ȴɻ
ͷ붨ľʵ뾫һ״̬̽Ȼ磬գֻܹá˵ֻоȴﵽ붨磬ſԴﵽʦ硣ﵽ붨Ҳǰֻ̤ʦˡǺǣϵҲǸţˣʦδͻƣʹﵽ붨ľ磬ʵĽǲ֪㽫ﵽʲô硣
붨粢Ҫﵽܴﵽģͺñһ˺һ״̬ҪһԵʱ˺߶ʱŻлᲽ붨״̬һֻΪﵽ˵ʦ۷壬Ԫظߣ̤붨״̬ʸ
ͷҲ֪Լôؾ̤붨״̬ˣԼܹﵽ˺һйذɣҲǺԼľйء
ô˵Լܹ̤붨״̬Ҫǿָ㣬̤붨״̬Ҳ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䡣
Ǻǣľﵽ붨״̬ʦԪΪ㣬ֱֵʦľ磬ľӰ쵽˼άӶչɱֶΡ
΢΢Цţ򳽻Խ붨״̬ĺô
۶ʱԼ͵ʦ֣ԵʦԪֻʹ÷ռܹӶݣû뵽ھﵽ붨״̬ȻֱߵʦԪһľΪӰ쵽ԷľһԼھǶϵʦҲŶԿĵˡ
˵ԼΪ̫Ҫ콫ʵȥԴﵽʦԿնɱ
Ȼﵽ߽״ʦԪΪ״ʦŻԪȥ̷ȡܹڽһͻƵ߽״ʦ
һӣźĵҩͷ˳ԣһ˿ʱóԾһ
ûԪϢ
ֽӹŻԪûн顣ܵԪ洫ݶԪͷ΢̷һţԵֵԼڷռʮ°
ˣǾͶлϸˡԹ˹֡
Цһڰ֣ŵͯͯϵȥϵܣͺúñչһհɣԪΪܹͻƵ߽״ʦٳѡζ˵ѶӦòǺܴˡ
ڣ㹻Ķȡٳѡεĵһˡ
ԵúģڻµһԼ͸Ҹϵˡ
Ǻǣȥɡǧˮڿʼ͸ڳϵ߰ɣסζҪ֤İΣԸ
ҾͲϸˣԺʱݻϸ硣
Թ˹֣͵ͯ߳ƫǧˮһ뵽գҲ֪


452 Ľύ
֪ӴԺԼİΣһıˡ
иʦ䵱ԼıڣҴóѹŵʲô̫ϳϷݿ϶Ǳô򵥡
˵̫ЩҲ˵õԴɡ޼ɵ׳
ܿ죬ڵͯĴ£һңһ޴ţɢŨԪϢĽٱһ죬ʱ䡣
ǷһͨҪһʱ䣬ضͻƵʦ
΢еʵģԴﵽʦ۷徳磬ʱ̤ʦ
ڹΧϥĵӣЩƴԪԽˣûۿóǲ˷һӵʱ䡣
߽ûãŵĵطһӰ֣ǿϡ
΢΢һЦſ˹ȥ
֣Ȼʦôãʱˣʲôأ˵˵£
߽ʱԱӶۣȻܵӰ죬򳽻ԵĿЩɻΪγԾȻ῿ţܹģҪ׿ϲеİ
ʦ壬ҾͲˣǡ
ͯ˿ߣų˸񣬱߳ңҪȥ̷
ͯȻˣǰ˵һ仰ȴʹҵȫɴӣҲ⣬ϰز
ۿԣ㵽׸ʦЩʲôͯʦ־ȻƺΪʦ壿ʲôô˵ҲҲҪһʦ壿
ϰŻعȻ̲ס𾪡
ҵͬ𾪣ţڵͯǿ൱ǴС͸ߣŻ磬õ洫ƽʱȻ͵ݵλһ㶼ѷɫš
Ų˶ﵽ˵ʦƵʦȽײͣɴʱǸ𾪵˵ųԵĻش
ոյͯƺʦ֣ҲҶԳԱ¶˿֪ݿ϶ͬѰΪߣҲܵ
ҺϸĵúͶԾֵƣһ֡ţ֣һʦ
ȥʦ֣ҽʦ֣ʦĵͶʦ£ǻҪֵơţʦ϶ҵġЩûǲýгʦ塣
˵ôʦĵôͶƽ̶ôɫİǰǼʦǳƽ̣ƽȴ춼ңû뵽ȻԺʦΪֵܡҿ⵽ô£
̲סеĺ𾪣׼̸ס
룬Ҳû̫࣬ϾڳĶĵӣ඼õΣӦ֪齨һϸ׳Ȼ׳ȻıϣϧύΪѣֵơ
׳
Ŀһƺ뵽ʲôٷʣЦȻʦ׳Ժҿ϶æǿ
ʦ˵ѾʼЩˣϻ翤ҪţʱΪΪ̫Ѿ䵽ͷϡ
Ȼ֪ΪλνȻԵõʦ׼ɣ׳ʱţΪŵĵӣ϶׳ŵŵӡ
ʦ壬Ժ׳ʱõҰɽˮĵطǧҿֻҪ˵ңȥʹ
һŵʦΪĵӴЦű̬
ҲǣȻһûͻƵʦҲûǰ洫Ժ洫УҲܹŽǰʮĴڣʱʲôֵ£ֻҪҲڱأ浽
ĽҲһ洫ԺһɽСӵʲôʱ洫ԺչҺҵĻСӽһ

һǿĵʦ׷ױ̬ǳѺãѾ˰ͽ˼һЩʵˣЩͷʹ֪ôͽ᳽ˡ
ϿһĻҲΪ̾ʱǰ˻ǧСǳصļ壬ʰļһﰡû뵽ת۲ĸ£ĵӶͽ᳽ˡ
ȻΪʦܹѺöԴǾͱʾǸ¡
ƽ̶޷õĺɫɳȴԵõ˵ֱ׵㣬ŵƽĿеĵλ糽ԣٴĳ˵
λˣķչҪλһҿģ
˵Ľύûн顣
󣬳ʮӣſʼ
óԪʱ˵Ƥ̲ס鶯£¶ŨŨĽ֮ɫ
ֻԪǵо󲿷ˣҲûеõʹͰɳԲŸռ͵õţɴ˿ɼĿеĵλԲ͡
óԪ󣬲δȥ̷ֱ븹
漴Ծ͸ܵһɰԪתȥܵȻԪ̲סһ꣬һŻԪ̺Ԫ൱Ű𵤡
æʼɰԪ
δֱӽԪսռ䣬һþޱȣ뵽
ֵľȻͻƵ߽״ʦ⡭ôܣǰ״ʦѵǷĳĵҩܣĵҩͷˣĪʦ͸ģǣиһеĸڣ򲻵ѣʦͬõҩû´Ӧʦָ˳һʹһٿһȽףͻƵ߽״ʦ


453 ӵİͽ
һԵĿϿ겻ѣԴӵ֪ԼǿԪ壬;ýԼٶȾ½ŵ֣ڿԾֻͨʣĿԪ壬ȻҲضá
ӵпԪ壬ҲҪŬŬ
̷Ԫʼ߽״ʦĳԣҲǼᶨҪŬľģϥ£ʼһ
ΧҲǲ˵´ŵԣȫ
ԴʱѾǳΪС
ңۻԪҲţҵ֮ˣΪۿɼٶţǿмŵһЩˣΪǽ
ڴﵽڴʦˣԪת£ȻǿԴΪҵĿԪѾԷãȻ죬ҲѽΪ߽ڴʦ
ͣܵڴԪϸֳһĨЦ⣬ĿһԵһӰ૵Ҳ֪ʲôʱͻƣٹʱٳѡξͲҪʼ˰
ڿϵߣ˫۽գȫԪļУϺƽû˿ԪϢ͸¶

ĳʱ̣ң·һĳѣȻȴҵ˶
ʱ˷·ܵĳָӦ׷۾ķ
˵ע£Ի˫ۣܵȵԪ΢΢һĨǳǳЦ⣬߽״ʦͻˡ
˫ۣĿ罣һֱֲӵĸо
ϲʦɹͻƵ߽״ʦΰٳѡһ԰εͷȡõһļѼ
˷׷򳽻Եء
λˣԻͻƵ߽״ʦҪµһҲôס
վòЦЦſ˵֣ϲΪȡýˡ
ٴˣʲôǡ
Щ˵ÿԪӵߣùâɣţڳǰԪӵߣȻ㲻ʲôұչһ£ͻƵ߽״ʦɳֻʦһ棬ͻ߽״ʦ츳ǿ˺ֹһ
ҲǿʦָͻƣһһŻԪҪͻƵ߽״ʦ֪Ҫá
ҡҡͷͻҪΪ㹻ܹһʱָ㣬ûָ㣬ҲôͻơûлԪҪͻ߽״ʦҪʱ䣬˰ٳѡΣɥʧһᡣ
ͻ߽״ʦֻһŻԪһʹãڵѾ߽۷ʦ˻ԪͻƵ˽״ʦû⡣
֣ɹͻƵ߽״ʦǾȥ䳡ɣҪμӰٳѡεˣǰ䳡ϡ
˵
һһԼ˶೤ʱ䣬֪ھٳѡοʼʱҡҡͷȴǵ䳡ȥһҪһʱʣ࣬Ҿȸˣʱֱȥ䳡ǡ
˵꣬ҲȿϴӦ;ֱתٶȳԺȥ
֡
ϼգۼʧεҡҡͷҲûͣǸŷԺ䣬׼ǰ䳡
֮Ҫ뽫ҲȥҪֻܽռ䣬ؽҪռԲУӡܣκ֪Σޱȣûãӡ½
ʱ߽״ʦ
һ·ϣԿĵӸˣȻ˶μӰٳѡεģŮŮ֪ɶ٣ü
ûʱ俴֣ٶȳŷԺȥ˿㼱ٸ·Ǻؿš
Ƭ̣ԱǷԼķ䣬ûаɣֱӽ˷ռ䵱С
һ㻨˽ʱ״ʦͻƵ߽״ʦȻûѶȣȴΪʱ䡣
ԴˣԵľԪ壬ȫһΣﵽ߽״ʦ
ڵʵʩչԪо԰տһնɱһŽ״ʦвŽ۷ʦҪ֪߽״ʦͰ˽״ʦһԽĹ֣˽״ʦ;Ž״ʦ֮Ĳͬ޴󣬳ȴƾԪֱնϲࡣ
ȥǵ˾Ž״ʦնɱʦҲڻ¡
ݣ
һһźľֱ֮գ֮֮ǰƺһ鶯˻ֵĸоȻϸһȴľƺ̲һɿǿ
͡
֮ն棬ʱһڵضף֪˶೤
ǵԪ壬նɱ˽״ʦʩչԪնɱŽ״ʦ˾Ž۷ʦһҽתʩչͬʱʹþ֮͵Ϯ¾ǵʦҲ쳣ͷۡ
վѵóɵı飬񾳽붨ӵʦԪԲܹвʦҲֻռˡٳѡи߲Ƥ½У򲻵ѣʹ÷ռ䡣
֮ǰ˵ص֣Լ֣о쳣أϾԷʵʵ̫ǿϣֻռܶԸ񾳽ﵽ붨ΪҲڿԺЩ˶Կ
ѾСʱȥˣٳѡο϶ǲ࿪ʼˣҵøϿȥǧٵˡ
æ߳ԺӣΧѾûӰ߳Ժһ·̣ҲûпһӵӰӣȻЩƺѾǰȥۿٳѡεĿĻˡ


454 ѡǰͻ
ưٳѡϾҪʼˣոռҪʿ䳡ˣҲһӡУҪҵһѯʣȻ䳡ȥˡ
Ҳ˲ôˣֱӵ֮ʼ̽ܿ죬ͷھ߰׵ϷһҴҵسһȥæչٶȱ׷˹ȥ
ȻֹӷУٱȴû⡣
̽ٶȲ죬ֻпĽ״ʦٶȣͱ׷ϣܵԳϵǿϢ̽æͣ½ŲվһԣܵģƺǵԼʲôԵЩ
Ҳ˲Щ̽ǰֱʵ֪֪䳡ʲôطжԶ
Ѿ̫ԶͳСӥɹȥҲܴٳѡΣʱֻԼ˵˵ˡ
̽칧ʦֵĻ䳡Լʮ·ֱǰɡҪȥۿٳѡھٳѡοʼвһʱ䣬ٶȣضԸϵ
ʮھٳѡλһӣţȷԸϵ
Կ۳̽죬ЦŵҲȥۿٳѡεİɣҴһΣ
ҵȷȥۿٳѡεģҿԼȥ鷳ʦ֣ʦʱͲˡ
߽״ʦٶȣһӵȷԴԽʮһˣƾͻ࣬Ҫӣ϶
ҷҲǰҸСæҴҲ޷ģʮѣҪ˰ӡ
˵ţҲȳ̽شֱǰץסֱۣתһ
ֻ̽о棬ЩѣޱȣٶȣľŽ״ʦҪ࣬ǰʦֻ֣߽״ʦΪ
Ӻ󣬳ԵǰѾɽ˺ĿǰһɨܿͿ˿ϵ˵ӰҲ˲ֱ̫࣬Ⱥдȥ
ȺȻӵȴӾУҲ˿Ⱥп϶ĵطܵһʱ䲶׽ѸٴգۼͿ˿ϵˣŷ˳̽졣
ٶȣﵽ٣ʦ֣ѵΪﵽ˵ʦ
̽ձ£̲ס
һԣֻΪﵽ˵ʦߣڵϵٶȲŲﵽٳ̶ȣҲһʮף˵һܴԽһ·̣Ǹ¡
ʦһԶءˣ䳡ܽҲܿĸ㡣
Զų̽΢΢һЦ˿ϵˡ
ˣȥ䳡ϾҪʼһصĿˡϼˣæų䳡ȥڶ䳡ﶼˣñٵ
ٳѡΣμӰٳѡεģô˵ֻǸµӣҸովȻʦ֣Դҡ
̽ų䳡һ㶣̶һ˿ӡ
֪۷ʦһʦ壬֪᲻˵Լ˿
ʱ䳡Ϊվ˵ӣϲͳһķ󲿷ֶǰμӰٳѡεˣһЩϵάЩϵȫн״ʦŵľӢӡ
һȥѹѹضͷϸһɨͷߡ
Ȼ˶˲μӰٳѡΣԲһҲ̫˰ɣ
ȲЩ˵ʵȥΪ׳ˡ
ڿϵĴ£Ƭ̳Ծҵˡ
ųʵƺĿڳϴۣʵ
ʮҲһ𾪡
ΰٳѡΣΪ䳬Բδμӡ
΢΢һЦΪʦָ㣬ҵΪŵˣ˵ˣٳѡϿ

ʮȻû˵ʲôȴĽ𾪣ĻǸˡ
߽䳡Ծ͸ܵĿ䵽ԼϣЩĿȥԲЩ˸Ϣǿһɸ˱ɱһ
ʱףЩ˾˵еĲţ粢ûм֪ǵĴڣԣǰҲֻеķݡ
ջĿ⣬ûЩˣʽʼѡκȻнֵĻᡣ
䳡ǰһ̨̨ɾʯɣ߹ʮɣʱ̨ˣ̧ȥͿһϤˣ΢Цؿ
Եͷʾ⣬ȻԱһˣ˺볤һϮ£һŵĸоԴȴܵһλϢ˷ĵľηԼµ˴ݣŵƽ̣죬һʦǿߡ
ʱһ˵Цװ³һϢϽ·ʱƿն˺Ѳ񷡣
Ȼȷ˵ݣӿܹƽ̹һ˵ЦֻӿĿس
˵سΪѾԽ죬ﵽнʦߵǽһսǿޱߣӵĽʦΪ̫ϳϣҲĶ֡
ҲΪᴫţӿǿʵŶԭ
ͻȻسƺܵʲôĿ΢΢һųڷȥԼ˾ȻֻǸҪμӰٳѡεµӣ㶣ȻЩһµӵĿΪλԼע⣬ӸոǵĿУȷǸܵһĨϢδġ
֣ĪǶǵȤسĿȥسǿ򳽻ԣһ·뵽ʲôЦʵ
ѵϵӣ
سµʵʱѾջĿ⣬ȴΪ档
سע⵽ƺеô⣬ЦʶʶҲ֪һЩгԣһСУ츳ȴǷǳ졣֣֪ûȤ²£ǰΪʲôΡ


455 ٳѡΣ
س΢΢һû뵽Ȼգеĺ棬ЦոһۿȥȻδһۿ͸ΪҵĸоӦòн״ʦȻ˵츳ǳ죬ǰܻʦδͻƣֻǸŽ۷ʦ֪ҲµöԲԣ
˵ţسһԵĲˮƷԸոȻע⣬һȥ߽״ʦδﵽСһûʸȥע
ˣҲˣȻԴ벻ʱΪ
ЦЦȲسһĨЦȴΪ̾˵⼸صصԵϢһǵСǳأǰΪ۷ߡ
ȿȡ
컰һڣسĲˮʱӦһ־ͽˮĨţ˵һ飬ǰΪʲô磿
ٺ١
ƺϵس㷴ӦٺٵЦţһıóѵӣ۷ôʲôþġ֣ȻŲ㿤һţǿǿöడ
ǸŰʱ۷ͻƵн״ʦٶȣ
سû죬Ŀעųԣ˵Ѿн״ʦ֪ҪòͻƵ߽״ʦ
Զеڱϣ΢΢ر۾س΢΢𣬡߽״ʦϵܵ츳ܹģ
ֳϣʱˣѡοʼɡ
س˿ɫһԵһ˵
ֳϵͷߵʯϣĿɨ·ӣȻֻĿɨӣ·ȴ˲䰲˵Ŀⶼۼϡ
ֳʵŴʱѵٳѡμ̿
ָһһٳѡһأֻҪܹͨһأʸΪŵӡͨڶߣʸΪŵӡͨߣʸΪӢԺӡڵܹǰߣֱӳΪ洫Ժĵӡ
ָĽ·˲ûʲô⣬ȻǶ
ָҲ󣬡ȻغһһǽӣܹͨߣԻһöԪǰߣԻһöԪڵһһؽṫڣҿԱ֤Ƕʦһô

ָⷬƽؾף䳡еӾԷ
ԪԪУһʦôİٳѡô˶ཱ
̫ˣԪһ״ʦͻƵĽ״ʦԪлһ۷ʦͻƵ߽״ʦǿĵҩҵһȻʦҪĽһҪŬء
㲻ܳ嵽ǰҲҪȡͨأóԪ
һЩ֪ǰҲȫ̵أȡóԪ
ʵﵽн״ʦĵӣǴһܣ˼ܷǰ塣
˶֪齨һû֪ʵжǿΪ֮ǰֵʱǵķâԼ޸ڸǣڲ֪ͨӻûҪǰ뷨ΪѾϰٸͻƵ߽״ʦлкü˾֮ǿڡ
˵ǣǰ˽״ʦҪǰҲû̫ϣ
ȻһؽƷؽƷ϶ǹ񵤣ܹõ񵤣ΪضͻƵʦҸʦʹòã޶ȷӹáνʦ̵ô꣬Ҳұʦʱˡ
ȺУž̨ϵָϣ˫Ŀ
վȺûһӰᣬҲԸһˡ
۷ֱضž̨ؽƷӦþʦ˵ĹˣʱһҪʦõ֣˵ʦͻƵĽʦӶŶǸԣ֪ϣ㿴
Ǹ˵ĹôҪܹù񵤡ٺ١ҲǵģμСѡΣŵƽǰչ¶ΪȻֱӽ񵤸ңʡô鷳
Ⱥеһ£ֳֳ꣬ݵһĨɢ˸Եĸ˵ĸΪҲﵽ˾Ž۷ʦҸܹԿʦĸ֣ʱһҪú÷ӣͬһš˵ǰæһ£Ǿ;æɡµ͵㣬źǿ֪𣿡
֪Сүͷ
š
Сү΢΢ͷĿȺһɨ۷ֵܣǼȻˣƺкü޵Ϣٺ٣ϣѡβ̫İ
Сү˻֣Ϣ䣬ؼԪ֮Сүüͷ΢壬Ŀһɨû˲ЦЦǵ͵ð
ˣƷЩĵʽΪŵĵ˵ǾͽʼһذɣһǴľͷܴľʸֱӳΪŵŵӡ
ָ£ӶһȦصӿֱǰա
һɫĹĻиֳ䳡Ͽʮɴ
ĻתŨŨԪɢһζ
ڣĻɣףǺˡ
ָ˵һЦ´
ಡ
һ£䳡ڶѧԱֱӱȳһ˹Ļ
ǿϢӦһ󷨴ʦóģеܡˣ󷨵Ҹܵһ˿ΣյϢ㵱Щ
ϻõڳԺʧ


456 ħԪ
ԵͷҲ˵ȴЩԱߵĿϵ˵Ҳȥɡ
Ե˲ͣһ׷׽˹Ļ
ţոǳϺеϢ֣֣ûв̨ϣسĿȻĿŹĻ˵
Ҳһ죬΢΢ͷϵȷŲٵܰҲգмûԼܣֻҪΣţҲع̫ܵࡣ
Ŀ΢΢֮ǰصز̽һΪκԶɺͻɵ˻ṥǣϵӵԶˣոӦǸӦħΣϢðѳϵܣóϵܽȥСЩȻǳϵܵİΣҲ˺ϵܣҲȥѯˡ

һĻԾǰúڰ˿û֮ǰ⣬տʼûоòŶصԼΪӡˣڰУӲᵽһ˿˾ԲϤϢ
ħԪ

İħԪХתʶظܵһΣϢϸ̽㷢ְħԪδ͸ڣûиΣա
һǱħԪ͸壬ǼпܻᱻȡʱҲɰħ޷ԼӶΪħӣУݡ
İħԪȻңȴǴҵԪ
Ժͷһûκԥе齣һն齣жʱɢһǿԭİħԪʱһһŵس齣ӿȥ
ɹˣ齣ȻհħԪҾͿʼԪ
ܵ齣ӿڵľԪ֪Ǿ齣תİħԪѾΪԪûиеκξ죬ֱӵסɰԪ뵤С
ݣ
ǰâһԱǷԼһƬտĵΧμѡεĵȫվߣѾûпϵ˵Ӱ֪ںδ
ҲѰңǿǰԼܵǰպתԵƽ
ಣ
һӰָϡ
ȰԪںϵУԪٶһ
Կָ󣬲żǵԪ뵤
ݡ
ȻڳΪһж൱˳֮ʱȴǺȻ֣е齣һ£ҷһ˿Щ
ţô£
ͻһĻóüͷ΢壬в̽Ƿ齣оȻӿһŰɫӿڣֱӶľ硣
ܵŰɫǺʱԶʱŵðɫЩ԰ףôܣħԪȻҵľ磿
ħԪǽһ˵ڣһʱı壬꣬һħĿܣҲ˵һħ
˿̾ȻһɰħԪ˳Եڣһֱӱ˾磬ԿƲãôҪܵĺǱһͷβİħ񶼾Ȳ
˰ħŵĸֿ϶һʱ֣ʱҲûᱣ
ܣҵôְħԪ齣ôûн֮
мŭû뵽齣ʱȻ᲻ףҲǿЩʱæһɷ֮뾫磬һʱѹס˰ħԪ
Ȼѹס˰ħԪԲа֮⣬ΪɰħԪڴʱᱬռľ磬Ӷˡ
磬ɰħԪƺǱĳ˿Ƶģ׽ߵڣգֱӽڣӶռߵ꣬ȡ塣
һʱڳԵԺҲЩǣȻҲ֪ڵĴ
ܹưħԪģ϶ǰħ쵰ѡ֮ؾȻаħڣŸʲô
ŭȴƽ˿ˣӶڵİħԪʱ鷳ʹˡ
ɰħԪѾҵڣ齣֮ҲֻѹưħԪֻܽһͨİħԪ̫⣬ȴһħƵģʱҲ޴вҪĨ
ԺԥֱþɣþΪ½
߲ܹͨħԪӵз֮ѹŰħԪĳԣȴ
󣬳ҲͣǽеľȫħԪס͸þ밵ħԪȫںħԪܵԼľȴԣħԪ뾫ںƣɳ⡣
һľ罫˼Ϊͻ˻ÿֻ״ʦõĻҲȷصʲôΡ
Ѿڿǵ飬ҪȷľǰħԪƵԼľ磬Լӵ齣Լӡ˶˰ħȥЦ
磬ںϵĹ㾡ںЩ֮֮ҲںһЩӦÿʧͳ̶ȡ
֪Եļƻ˵ͬʱѾǵ˷ռеķ֮Լ֮볽Ծ硣
ãħԪȻҲǳصġ֮֮ҺݺݵҹҳԣҳԿɲǳصġ
Բԥֱӽķ֮֮ҲһںϣϢ໥ں󣬳ԲɸоħԪԼвƺ˲١
ˣǿԿ϶ħԪѾٿ꣬ɰħ
ûб꣬ɰħĻҾֻɱˣʡΣࡣ


457 ںϳɹ
˿Բ֪ʱ龭һνٺַЩ仯һȻƽ̬ٴδ
󶨡
ʱ򣬳ʱ֮˴󶨾磬ѾʸԪֻҪΪ㹻ʦĿԣǳԷˮһ򵥣Ѱ۷ʦʮٱ
͡
ڳЩ㵵ע£еľħԪ֮֮ں֮󣬾ǻһɫҺ̬
Ҳط֣Լľڴ˿̣ޱ
ЩӦ֪ʲôطħһλ󷨴ʦȱ󷨣ʵɻҲԪռ䡣ĵطľǰʮľÿ˽һľľлľͷ˳֣ǵʵпˣľмʮӵˣͨһء
ָվǰľеĸȻѾ֪ľеϸϣԸ˽ľ
䳡˶䳡ǰĹĻĻϸһ棬ľвμѡεԼڽľָϡ
֣˭ľмã춢ŹĻЦ˵
س΢΢һЦûֱӻش𣬶ǶһźɫװŮӣʵ˭ľмã
Ů񻣬սΣдһ˿񣬲ȴسһһֱӵĸоֻЦһǸʲô⣬ȻصŶˣһЩɢŲμӣǺһЩܹľмʱģĪ
Ī֣ʢ˵еֱӣ֡
سˬʵЦš
Ȼ⣬ЦʵصСһ𣿾˵ǰͿʼʦĪѾɹͻ𣿡
ǺǣҲǽҰسЩԺ
첻ɵһ츳ӿȷ϶Ⱑٺ٣ֻ꣬Ҫһʱ䣬žͻֳԽصš
ѵг۷ֵܼˣбţѵǿϣ˵̶һʱ䣬ΪͻƵ߽״ʦҲ԰Ȼţɵ߽״ʦѶȾͺܸˣοҪͻƵʦһʱ䣬Ҳ϶ٳ߸ͷһ׷ϵϣسʱɻ
ЦȴǲȥͣӵпԪ飬ڻ͸¶ȥȻ߲εע⣬ſܾͻʧȥˡ
سƲƲ죬
ڹԵļߣüͷȴ΢΢壬Ǹνš
ţǾȻ᲻֪
Ψ΢˵ǸţĵӿϣӵпԪѾ֪ͬʱҲ˹죬гˣ˲֪ЩͨĳҲ֪
ȴЦҪһꣿڣ˱ʲôĲ˶١
һ֪ϵܲõǸСһȻͻƵ˵ʦЩϡ

飬Ѿû˼ȥעе񣬶ۼ档
ֲͬǳ״γԽ֮ںϣлŰħԪݲóԷġ
һ˿ħԪ͸¶صľУΪ޴ܻһ
ˣ˵Ҷ˵ˣͿԼľеķˣܲľлǰʮͿֶܼ೤ʱ䣬ףǺˡ
ָĮƻӶʱǰֳһͨڶѨѨСÿһ˽롣
ಡ
ָһ䣬߷׷չΣӽľ
Ǹսľɫͨ䶯˼£ǱذƴС
Ψгԣɾվԭأûж
ӰʧֻгԿȥûӦƵġ
ţô£ôվһ㶯ûУ
ָ۳ԣüͷ΢΢ţǳһôվľѵٳѡΣȻľͷ˵ʵȶ״ʦֻҪʮӾУֲҪ
˵仰ָȻԼ£ǰ꿴ȥȻһ㶯ûУҲû˿ϢɢԼĸоҲﵽн״ʦһѵһͷľͷ˶Ըˣۼʮӣ
⣬ĻҲһתͣ˳ϣ˿Ȼиɵɵվԭأǵһʱľһɻ
˭ôվԭأѵľ𣿡
᲻ǱָϵĻɵˣ˵ľͷ˵ʵﵽ״ʦֱӷѡΣ
Ҳ̫С˰ɣľͷȻǶ״ʦһ״ʦδﵽˣԥسľɲǵؿΪǿʵʵ㹻ľͷϼʮӣͿֱͨһѡΣӶֱӳΪŵŵӣݿ˵һɳ죬Ծţѵһ¶ң
ҹʱ䣬ǿӸӣټָ˷ӣʮˡ
಻ʶԵĵӣһЦв޼֮⡣
֣㿴⳽ôˣ
سɻʵ
ϸۣҡͷҲʲôֻڷ·ĳ״̬Ҳ˵
״̬ôҲǡǲΪʲô½ѵǶ𣿲ƺֲ񰡡سɻ
վƲƲ죬Լõ˵أҿǴŶԡ


458 õĸо
ϵͫ¶һ˿ǣϵܵ״̬ƺǺܺðǾ⣬ô⣬ôڹϳ⣿
˼ţͻȻƺ뵽ʲôһУĪǣǰħԪ
뵽ܣֱվħ󣬲뵽ԼϰħԪҲ޿κΣֻðסûг嶯˫ȴǵǡ
ƫͷۣǵɫüͷ΢΢һ壬ٶȿ򳽻ԣͬʱһתƬ̣·Ӧĳƶʱһգȭͷз·ſըѵ𣬡ħԪԾȻ˰ħԪھȻܹȰħԪԿô£УڱҪȥǴλŽиΣա
죬ҪϵӦÿԽεΣ
Ȼڹ׼ħԺȴһϵ
һһԼϾƽģȴѾ˾κˡ
ʦȻƺΪϵܣ

ħУָ·յĳûȥųԣվڳԣȥƽƽڵȴȴѾԴκΣ
Բ֪ʱѾǳΪĿĴڣɳںС
ʱܣվǧӣͷɥһʡ
Щ˽ľûãʹľгȻû֧̫ʱ䣬˳
ûȥע⳽ԣǶΪҲһѾһľΪ޷ľͷǰ֧ȥӶʧܵˡ
ûлָôѵס𣿡
ָûȥˣǿ۳ԣЩǡ
ոյ˹´Ҳ֪˾

ָе֮ʣվԭز֪վ˶õĳԣһ˫ۻ
һʵʰİ׹⣬ֱա
ָΪѾͻʦȻЩ㱡
ţôôˣ
ۣ뵽ѡѾʼһصĿҲʼЩĿʱɨܣֻʣ¼ǧˣֲõĸо
վΧһЩӿַӦһ㵣æ߿
һǲΪûܳŹһأɵ˰
ɵӱҪԶ㣬Ȼᱻ֪ԼʶɾͶˡ
Сӣ˰
Զ볽ʱָȴ˳ԣ˿ζ
ʲô
ָԴԾȻѺãΧĵһûӦⲻǸɵôָʶָϿ洫ԺϣΪﵽʦ磬ĺĹ㡣
ϣոշ˵⣬һᣬϧˣ˵һصĿˡòع˹֣Щε˵ҲЩģ벻ţԼƻܽˡ
ҵǣָϵӣƺûԼ˰ħԪ϶Թۡ
ģǰħԪŪԼٳѡζμˡ
ܲμӰ׳ѡΣʮа˾޷ţ治ܽŵĻֻϸͨϵˣϾʵмƻĵһҪš
ָЦһʵڵӦð˰ɣǹûгĨڵĻʱᷢΣգв
ţ
ָĻóͫ˲
ԷȻ֪ӵбħԪ£
ܿ죬ͫ׻ɿȴüͷ
Է֪ԼڱħԪˣôûжԼ֣ѵԼɰħΣ
Ǻǣ㲻صģƽѾңغ㣬ѾɹضԽħԪĨȻֻܰƽˡ
ָþԣⱻħԪ¡
̾Ȼ벻ԾȻƾԼֶΣĨħԪǷǳǹɰħԪɲͨħڵ˵ǴʦǵʦʦˣἫ鷳ɳȴӲƾԼֶĨ
ò˵ֶξʦҪΪ֮̾棬һЩĵʦ᳽ֶΣָ󲻻´ȥһЩ֪ˣҲԲ¸ȥ
ΪƽѾ´˭͸¶Եİܣڴá
ԭƽѾ֪û뵽Ȼôάҡ
һ˼֪ԭίӦϸˣȻܹĨɰħԪͻᱻץо󡣻Ƕϸˡ
лϣлƽ̡
ȻмָĴҪлƽ̡
ָͷûм˵ȥ˼ڵڵһصľѾʼ˽ӣȽľеһصѡΰɣһеȿ˽˵
ָҲ֪Լûʸ֣ʱҪȴѯʳԣҲõ󳽻ʱ䡣
ԵͷҲԣһǳǰľȥգۼǽľľҲǻһƴĺڹա
⡭ȻûμӵһصĿˣô£
ոڽָͬμѡΡ
ָ̫˵ˣôͨ顣ǸҲʵţƣѡڼ侹ȻԽҲͷѡΣʱΪˣſɾ͵òʧˡոٶȻ죬ҾȻΣ֪ĺ
ûǴĻƺǽԣ˵콫һŽ۷ʦ洫Ӹϵˡ
ţơ
һһδͨ˵ĵӣһ𾪵ÿųȥıӰʱǲŷӦոճ֮һֱվһΪɵӣΪ


459 ľͷ
ЩԭΪóɵӣӶԶˣѾޱȺǿóָƺܿóԣԴ൱Ѻã֪ովӦðͽһԣ˵ָڳԵϣǳΪŵŵҲ˵أ
ˣˣѡεһѾʧܣҰǴľ򡣡
ָЩͷػ˻֡
ľڡ
Ըսľ͸оǰһΧһƬտȴоԲһƬڣҲ֪ʲô
ľϢȻԪҲˬ
ѡεһؿʼҵʵǶ״ʦֻҪϼʮʱ䣬߽Ҵݻ٣ͨһأǷ׼ã
ǰһŻɫââ䶯Ѹٵγһ׵ľͷˣеڴ
ľͷ˿ȥľͷγɣȴһָֽǵĸоǹ룬ˮ֡
ǣ
ûԥֱӵͷ
ಣ
Ի䣬ľͷ˾һɱ͵ȭͷƷ죬Ҷ
飡
վԭأҲûֻһĶͷһĨ΢İ׹⼤ɢֱӳľͷڡ
ž
ľͷ˼ǰȻֹסըڱըľм׷ɡ
ľмغѸٻɫâգʧüΪ档
ںҵľȻûеõǴ߽׳ڴʦȴޱȵµƾ辫񹥻ԻһŽ۷ʦľ磬ֱʹþ֪֮ܲ˺ʦ
ԲûʧľͷˣǸžı仯һ˿ϲ
һΣҵľ񾳽ﵽ붨ܹħԪĨҵľҲ½٣ٻ˻ص״ʦľ磬ȵľԪľ磬Ҫľһеĸ췿ӣ²ٺãȵĻҲɴ¥
һУž޴
ϲͨһأ״ʦľͷˣǷҪսľͷˣ
ʱǰһƹ˸γһͬ׸ߵľͷˡ
ľͷȻҲ׸ߣԵøԲĸоȻʵǰһľͷ˸ǿ
ʲôɻʵ治
ľͷ˲þ棬һ㣬еػش𣺡ľͷ˷ΪŸȼոջľͷֻһľͷˣһľͷһ֣ľͷǶ㣬ľͷĵ㣬ļľͷǰ˵㣬ƣܻżľͷˣͿԻöʮ֡
Ȼôࣿ
һͬʱԵʵʾżľͷ˵ʵʲô磿
ʦ
ľͷ˵Եúǻе
ǳ鶯£Եú
ʣĻʲôôأ
Ҳٹľͷ˵ĵȼʵ
ľͷ˻شܳǰʮܵĸľͷˣ뿪ľ򣬳Ϊ
Ⱥô
ԺȻʶǶô޴æ˵һ׵ʦ൱ڼľͷˣ
ļ
ãҪսļľͷˡ
ಣ
һɫӰڳǰһߴﵽ˽׵ĸߴľͷˣȫƽԲ⻬ĸоǹ룬ǣһȭ֮ԻɱκһŽ״ʦָоԼȫһȭ»ľͷһȭӡ
׼𣿡
ļľͷ˻е˵һľͷ˻Ϊֱӡ
Եͷɡ
ݣ
䣬ļľͷһߴ׵ľͷƻӰգۼ˳ǰ͵һȭӳ
һȭû˿ԪҲûκξĲȴóԸܵһϢĸо
ļľͷ˺͵ʦڣûԪҲûоΪ򵥶ֱӵſȵʦʵɼٶȡǿ˺εȲΡ

һûѡͬһȭ˳ȥ
ӳһȭ֮ʱǴ߶˼£緭ϸǸֳһ׽ڼףΪ׼
ꡭ
Ȼ𾪵һĻǳˣȭͷľͷȭͷһʱһɿֲˮӿȫϵĽڼף粣˲֧飬첻ڶ
⣬ˣ
û˿ͣµתּת˲ʮף㿪ľͷ˵׷
ʵľͷ˸û׷һȭ˳ԺվԭأƺڵȴųԵĹ
ļľͷ˺һľͷ˲һһľͷר˵ģֻҪܹһľͷϼʮӣǻ˿Խŵʸ
ļľͷΪ˸˻û֣Ҫϵع˵ӣֻҪȴ˵ӶйһֱΪ֮
ȻڼǾԲֵģֻҪÿ˵Ӷǽйɣʱȫ֣һֱ˵ӻǣû֡
ļľͷ˻ǿѹۺʵȵʦˣҲԱȲϡ
һȭ֮£Ծ֪ļľͷ˵ľʵﵽ˿һ׵ʦˮ׼ܹġ
٣ܹԿ
ľͷʵȻǿÿ԰ҴǣԴڵľ֮
о˸Ͼʹ⣬ٶ۳һ׽ڼף
ݣ
ڳȥͬʱһ׹ⶸȻĶͷֱȥ
֮
֮һ֣ΧԪ·𶼷˱仯ռҲ˼ơ
ںϣ֮ҲǱøʵһʵõĸо֪滹Ǽ١
ɢȴκһʦļ£ǵʦɵ


460 

Яǿĳ֮ײľͷ˵ϣһ죬ûľͷȻǰȻûܵˣǾֱ֮ɢա
ϵһĻɫûа仯Ǽǰ壬ڵԪתû˿͵һȭľͷˡ

ľͷûжĶ򵥵ػӳһȭ
ꡭ
ڼٶѣΪԵѵظΪѸ١ףԶоֱһ飬̲ס˿

ûͣݺһҧ˲۳˽ڼףٴζľͷչ͵Ĺ
ƵͨУһһľͷ˷·֪ƣսš
һδεرľͷ˸ˣûκ֮⣬ԽսԽ¡
Ӻ󣬳ԾȻڼףܺľͷȻӲľͷ˵Ĺƾһ㣬ԱĽжˡ
ںϺľȻǿ֮ǰȻûҵľ΢һȻôѸ٣ʱ䣬ҪͻƵĸо
ͷʱ̶Ưһ֮ϵظľͷǿ͵عһδεĹ֮ӵһֺ潣ĸо
ǾԸоԼԪãҲǸΪǵȣҲҪͻƣﵽɵĸо
ڣ
ֹӣĿһбһƾ⣬û˿ԥ֮գȻγһֳֿľ޽ӰȻľͷնɱȥ
ৣ
һնУеԪ·иɢ棬ֱӸľͷˡ
ꡭ
ſȵʦʵļľͷˣھ֮Ӱ֮Уɷ飬ɫɢա
ϲ㣬ɹػɱһļľͷˣΪ˴οеɹɱļľͷ˵Ŀ˵ӡ
ϵͳĻеʱ

üͷ͵һȻǵɱļľͷ˵ˣ
ô˵Լ֮ǰȻܹɱļľͷ˵ˣ
٣ﵽˣ
Ҫ֪ļľͷ˵ʵѾȵʦȻ˵ӣҪ֮ݻ٣ĹҪﵽһ׵ʦĳ̶ȡ
εĿ˵УȻô١
ѹϸ˵ҵʵЩûϸʵҴ˴Ƭռþɹںϣɺѻõһ
Ծ̾һ֪ӿԻһУҲôĸ֡
ȵʦǿߵˣȻﵽ
ЩӿǰʮˣЩǰЦ
ϵͳʾھ뿼˽ʱ䣬ʱͳƻ֣еһڻɱһһľͷһһļľͷˣõĻǾŷ֣п˵ڵڰǧ˰ʮλʻҪսľͷˣлֻ𣿡ϵͳٶ
ǧ
΢΢鶯£Լɱһļľͷˣ˰˵֣û뵽ſǰһ
ϸ룬ˡ
ÿ˵Ŀʱ䶼ʮӣǽͨпʱԼȴ浢ʱ䡣
ոջɱļľͷֵ˽ʱ䣬˵ӶѾ˿ˣ˻ֵĻֻۣԼڽпˡ
սļľͷˣٶȣ
ԴһʱѾ˷һһʱˣǰʮˡ
ಣ
ǰƹһļľͷٴγǰ
γûٵ󣬵һʱͳɱȥļľͷ˲ɱһ

˿̣⼸ͨУҲڽżҵս
ĳͨС
꣡
תľͷ˱룬ɫâɢա
ϲɹɱľͷˣĻٶʮ֣п˵ġĿʱѵϢƬ̣п˵ӽˣͳһ͡
ϵͳе
ѿɫԵøΪѿ
ƴɱôľͷˣٶĻ֣Ȼڵôܣôôġ
μӰٳѡΣǳŵһȥģΪԼһ϶ԼĪȴû뵽һòһ
òһǰûȥĳʵ̫
ҵҪģ׶Ǻηʥ
û˵ʲôϥ£ָ׼еڶصĿˡ
۷˫ȭϻӳȭӰֱûǰľͷˣֱӺɹ㣬ɢա
ϲɹɱľͷˣĻʮŷ֣п˵ĿʱѵϢƬ̣п˵ӽˣͳһ͡
Ȼǵڶôô۷׷ôã׷ϡڶ֮ϣȻһˡӿһУ΢ҿһ£Ȼ˿Ժҿ⣬һ
۷ϳŨŨţͲġ
ʦ˵ȷģЩʢ̫Ϊˣպ㣬ǿ˶ȥο˽Ҳõȥˡ
۷ҡҡͷƽϥָ״̬

ꡭꡭ
ռԪХֱγԪǽѸٵؽľͷ˼ѹסֱӱѿ֮ݻ١
ϲɹɱļľͷˣĻʮ˷֣п˵ڶĿʱѵϢƬ̣п˵ӽˣͳһ͡
Ȼ׷ϰ˵˭ӵһʱͺݺݵذ˦һᶼңҿϣõʦǿߣһȫûа㱣׷ˣ뿴Ǻηʥ


461 Ŀ
صЦҡҡͷϥ
ʱ䳡ϵĻһе֣Աǻ֣һǧϵģֶĻ档
֣治ŵĵӣ
سĻһ֣ٿұߵĻ֣ٴ̲סʵ
Цҡҡͷ֣ⶼѾǵʮˣҿȷظ㣬۷͵ֵܣŵĵӣǵһĳϣ治ġݣոѾȥѯĳˣ˵һͽĵܵܡ
ͽ
سʱɻ
ǰ»Ҫʮǰİٳѡ˵𣬵ʱǰμѡΣΪƽƽֻʦһĽӲǳɹͨ˵һصĿˡ֮츳УȴǷһ⣬ǾǳľѼ󣬲ܱ̫ľΪֻܴﵽһ׵شʦû취ֻȡŵĻᣬϾû취ʱĻ䣬ų뿪ţ֮ǰȴһ仰ǾʮĵܵܳһҪӡ
̾˵
ųŵĵӣ
سüͷһ
ǰ⻰ͨ˵϶ᱻŵĵȺ֮ʱһ׾ӲƾʦΪͨ˵һؿˣŶ״ʦΪľͷˣ츳˭ɣȻߣΪ˲ŵ棬ŵĵӶûг֡񺣿Ц˵
سüûǰȥǣ
һ׿״ʦſԻܶ״ʦĽֵԶǺ׹ȣֻ׹Уֹſ϶취֮Ū֣֮顣
ʵǽŪҲûãҵʱۿʩչǸɵĽȫΥ֪򡣲һоһ£뿪źҵõǰȥǣɽ󣬾ͲǵӰɳѰҲҲû뵽ʮĽ죬ĵܵܳϣμӰٳѡˡңڲķ棬ƺĳҪǿöడ
뵱ŵĵӣίһҲνʱҲǼһˡ
سǸҫ۵ķҲ̲סҡҡͷ
ΪѾﵽλһǧص
ǰΪΰٳѡεĵһصĪȴû뵽·ϾȻɱһ콣ĳϡ
ҡͷԸ⵱ŵĵӣžίһֺη¾μӰٳѡεĿģͲΪҪŵĵӰ
ǵʱЩѰˣ
سüͷҲ
ʱ䳡ϺȻһ󾪺
һǧʮˣۿȻһʮ֣ô˵һɱ˾ļľͷˡ
ļľͷ൱һ׵ʦĴڣͬʱŸһ׵ʦʵ洫ԺĵӵУҲ̫
ǰɴû˵ϵģ֪ǳĸǲ̫ϳϰĵӡ
ǿܶǵãһİٳѡиˣһ׾ӲʦΪ˵һأȴΪܳΪŵӡϣ׵ܵܡ
Ȼѹ־ֺϤһ̫۸ˡ
˽ʮǰµĵӣһŭǿɲóϲμΰٳѡΣǵΪ˵ŵĵӡ
ȴ޿κΣΪƾ汾¶ȡѡεһģǵڶҪࡣ
ңڶĵӣֱŵˡ
Ļ֣Ȼһ֮һ
Ҳ˵ǿӣϵ֮һ
ʱŵĵӴΪŭȴ޿κΡ
ǶǰʮԵôǰһǧûϣô£
վڲԶۿŷüͷɻѡ
ϣȻʮǰǸСһ
һüͷ΢΢ĿĻɨһȦϵܵôûʾȥȻǰһǧûȥ
ʱҲûȥĳϵ£ϵĻָûܹԽȻѾ˶֣ȥģֻҪĳԾˡ
ȴĶû취ģֻﵣģΪԵָûĻϳ֡
ϡʮеļˣֶȫĻ棬൱ǰʮ˸ֱɱǰʮ
ƫƫԵֻδ֡
ĻϵѾˣһǧ˵Ļֶ˿ˣɵһصȴδöҲ˵ûˣ֪᲻ǳϵܣ
ĿĻŽһôעٳѡε
ԶĹ쿴˹עĻޱɻ죬뵽һǧ˻ֶֹͣȴûһؿ˻δʾп˵ڳͻȻĸо̲סҲʼעĻ
Ȼһؿ˻δʱҲˣҵһֻǰʮбҪע𣿡
ŵƽ̣˶עʼôעĻеĵȻжɻ󣬵Ҳ׷׶ſʼעĻ
һ̣Ѿֹͣ䶯ĻǧĿעš
ݡ
ֳֵֽסļľͷ˵һȭǿžҵĳûкˣصǰһӣһ׹зȥֱƿļľͷ˵塣
ৣ


462 ͽ
ľͷ˻һŻɫ㣬ɢա
νͷľͷ㻨˽ʱ䣬ȴҲҶԾ֮ƿظҲͻƵ߽ڴʦҲسˡ
ǰĹ㣬оž쳣Ծľϲ
ּ۳һ֮ʤɱΣļľͷˣҲѵֵ
Ȼĵʦǿľ͸֪϶ԵһʱΣգӶӦԡ
ϲɹնɱһļľͷˣð˵֣Ŀǰܻʮ߷֣ǧٰʮţھ뿼ʱķӶʮ룬ǷҪ

Բϵͳʾ˵꣬ʹһȻҪװ˷Ѽӵʱ䡣
ಣ
һļľͷ˵ӰǰԶ
Ѿ׼ˣɡ
һΣԲľͷ˿ѯʣѾɱȥ齣мһĽâγһž޴ľͷ˳װסһӣһ׹ʱ͸գûļľͷ˵塣

һը죬ļľͷ˱ըɫ㡣
ܷͬʱҰļľͷˣ
Բϵͳֱӿѯʡ
ܣ
ϵͳشһûٿڡ
ಡ
ɫӰڳǰһΣǾȻҲѯʳǷ׼ȶǿĹ
ȻȾͷҲûϵȻͬ
Цһаľӿ齣мȥĽ֯һž޴ļľͷˡ
ǰںˮʱ򣬾ľ֮һþƿؽͺƿؾ֮һý˻ɱҲǴ
ļľͷǿڣҲҪ֮սȻԪ޷֮Կ
ľںϺ󣬷־һѾޱǿ󣬾ǶԴļľͷˣҲǿвԡ

ļľͷˣ֮Ѿ˲նɱļľͷˡ
Ұļľͷˡ
üͷȵ
µĿѾǵΪ˳иҪĿģǾǴԼľľͷȴܹԾø
ಡ
ľͷ˵һʱڳǰĸɱ򳽻ԡ
ľͷȻû˼άǿҵսʶӳԵڶļľͷʱȳ֣ļľͷʱľͷ˵ڵľͷ˲γһ͡
㹥ͣĵʦ൱ͷۡ
΢е˼ˡ
Ŀ΢΢Ծ˼㣬׵ش߶
ͬʱļľͷˣҲû̫İա
ݡ
齣ϵػӶһؼȥͬǵصӿڽ굱УʱʱŰ׹˸
Ǿ֮
΢еս԰
Ըžдһѹȣз쳣˷ܣХһȥľͷš
ͬʱսսʶǿңĬļľͷˣԳ˵һСս
Ҳֻſٽѿǣովںĺôͳͳֳʵ

Եľ磬ͺһڴţͬХ㲻ϵرڶۿɼٶȣøۻ롢ǿ󡭡

һӹ󣬰ը죬ļľͷˣͬʱ֮ն顣
ϲɹնɱļľͷˣʮ֣Ŀǰܻʮ㣬γǰһǧоŰپʮˣھ뿼ʱ룬ǷҪ
һϵͳǵһʱʾԳ˰ٳѡǰһǧ
ľͷ˻ǲ̫ˡʮ𣬸Ұʮļľͷˡ
ص˵
ȻҪ棬Ǿ㡣
ڶ˵ѾǺҪΨоĿġ
ȻܹǰʮͿԻļľͷˣҲᵥΪļľͷ˶ȥƴҪ
ڳûͻ˳ͻҲһѡ
ಡ
Ʒʮľͷ˻Ȼ˳Եǰ
о䣬սⰻȻХһȻľͷˡ
Ѿˣһؿ˾ȻûнһؿʼѾȥʮˣѵľ𣿡
˷Ѵҵʱ䰡㻹ûнˣܳǰʮеʮĿϣѾﵽʮˣ൱ʮļľͷ˰ѵֶӵʱ䣬ܻ۵ô֣
ܳǰһǧͺܲˣǰʮôܣ
ǲ֪ĸɵôҪôʱ䣬ǲ֪ܲܳǰһǧȻֶ֪
ô֪Ѿ˱ͳˣȥ²֪ˣ
䳡ϣѾЩͷˣ˵
̨棬ĿĻĿĻɨţٿԶɫƺ뵽ʲôŵѵǳԣôˣʵȻһǧûȥȷǲӦðʵǰʮܹȥġڿϧˣһؿ˾ʣֶӣܹǰһǧҲܳǰʮˡҲûʲôֻľͷ˰ˣܲܵõҲûϵ


463 ֻǸտʼ
ৣ
ȻĻˣĿⶼ΢΢һǾ
ˣ䶯ˣڱ䶯ˣڵһǧֱȥˣ˳ǰһǧˣ˭֡
ҵˣڵŰپʮԣףôȥô졣
ˣųôŸոճǰһǧʵǺǿʮǰʮȥ˰ѵų䲻ȥĪЩ
¿ó֪ˣ»֪ˣԭųֻͽʲôɫǰǸ
ԣԭֻǿǰһǧ˰ΪأŹȻ氡
Ե־ڵʵ̫ˣڶӿ֣һǴ˲мͻȻ
ǿ֮ǰ֮ô󣬿϶ǿµˣԼ˵ĳ
ŵĿһü٣ʵһӾͱ¶˳㲻ʲôȻ˵Ƿͽ
˶ԼۣԸͲ֪ʱҲûǸ˼ȥᣬΪеľȫڶԸԵʮĽľͷϡ
ǿѹޱȵؿܣҲǰδеؼУʱϵϢ𽥵ǿ
ͺһͷԡķˣڷɱ䡢ɳ
ݡ
ĽֲĻɫľУ˫Ŀ磬齣ϻӳһ֯һžɢ֮Ҳϵر۶ʮľͷˡ
ڣͳͳȥ
ĳʱ̣ԶȻһһ׳İ׹лӳѸ۳һľ֮ո֮˲ʮļľͷˡ
¡
һµľ죬ʮļľͷӦը飬ɫɢա
Ƭռ䣬·ҲΪ֮žһ¡
ϲɹնɱʮľͷˣðʮ֣ĿǰܻΪһʮ壬һʮھ뿼˽ʮ룬ǷҪϵͳʾٴ
һҰʮľͷˡ
һ
ܹܵľѾﵽ߽۷ʦֻҪٸһѹܹɹͻƣﵽ߽׺ڴʦĲΡ
ಡ
һ£ʮɫӰѾǳǰһʱ䳯ɱ˹ȥ
ХһҲûκԥֱӭս
ʱ䳡Ѿǳ졣
ʮ֣ôôܣһʮ֣ôܣ
ףһףȻôһôĻ֣Ҫɱľͷ˰
ıףǿԼǿʵ˵һնɱʮļľͷˣ
ʮļľͷˣҵ찡ǿЦɣһļľͷˣǿ൱һʦǿ߰
ִˣִˣһðʮ֣ǸҲǿöࡣ
Ѿֱվȭͷյýģ˷ܣԣԣԾȻܹһԻðʮ֣ôģ
ҵĹԹԣһ԰ʮ֣ĻǳҲ˰
سҲ˵һӿݸе侲¸ûһ˿һ˫۵ȫš
Ҿ˵ϵôܻͽֶΣҶ͸ġ
˵ķӦＫȵس죬ǰЩӱ⳽ԣЩˬû뵽ԲѣһΪ𾪡
ӿĵΪԶŴ۾͸س졣
ѩ۹⣬ȻǺ
ŷ忴ųͻȻڵٶ֣̲סһ
վŷ󣬲δμӰٳѡε򽣣һĻȣҾ֪Բκʧ
һ̣֮ǰлڳЦ𡢵ġɻ󳽻ԵˣȫΪһ仯
һ𺳣˿ڿϵǡ
ֻǲ֪ȴǣⲻǸʼ

ʮ󣬳͵һӳֱ֮ӽǰʮļľͷ˸ըɷ顣
ҰʮľͷˣҪֹͣ
ž߽׺ڴʦľ˷ܵͬʱҲս죬Х˵
ಣ
䳡еĵ޲ĿתضһʮǸ֣ͻȻ䳡ϵĵٴαһ
䶯ˣֱ䶯ˣ졭֣һŶˡ
֮ˣû֣Ͽһû֡ҿϡ
ҵҵˣʮʮԵڵʮˡ
˸ȥǲǳֻþˣȻֱӳ˵ʮһǶʮ壬ֱһٶʮ֣죬ңҵǲǳֻþˡ
һٶʮ֣һһֱһٶʮֻ֣˲ʮ룬Ҳΰɡ

һ̣䳡ԼΧܹۿʮӣͳͳһ쳤
Щӣ̨ϵŸ߲㣬˶뿪Σվֱӣɴ۾ڵʮֻ֣ͣ۾ԼϵԼֱۣʹ̼ԼԼⲻǻþ
ʮ룬һٶʮ֣ϵܰͷӶݺݵһ˰
Ҳ̲סվЦҡͷ
ĸ˵Ȼɱǰʮˣʸǰʮˡ
ϵͳͻȻʾ̲סһֿڡ
ԭΪԼѾǰʮվˣȴ뻹ûӣȻȥˣǲ
ֻǣڲʮкڵʮ֣ٶ


464 ҪҪô
һٶʮˣԵִܻﵽٰʮˣﵽˡ
һΣȻֻʮ룬ּˣľͷǲǻˣǲվɱģ
죬쿴Ļֱˣһٶֻʮ롣
ʮ룬ֻʮ룬Ļֳˣصŵڶˡ
ۿˣûꣿٲҪಡˡ
ۡʵಡˡ

˵Ŀ⣬ȫĻϵֺһԵĻ֣ûһ뿪Ǹ֡
ʼʮ룬ʮ롢ʮ롢ʮֱڵ룬ÿһα䶯ǸֺĻ֣һٶʮ֡
ֻһһٶʮ֣Ƭ̺󣬻ǿܡ
£ȴһһٶʮ֣ѾΣʮεˣÿһһٶʮֵʱ䣬̡̣
⣬ֱЩעĻκһˣľ
ǲˣ
֮ǰһΪ߳ģڿ߳İҿ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱ򣬹سͬʱһֿڡ
ϲɹնɱʮľͷˣһٶʮ֣ĿǰܻΪǧʮ֣һھ뿼˽ʮ룬ǷҪ
ھ뿼ʱֻʣʮʱȳԴ㣬ϵͳ
ʣʮҵľ˽״ʦһǾͽһֵĳ̰ɣҰʮļľͷˡ
һȵ
ಡ
ʮľͷֱӳ֣㻯һŻɫӰ˷򳽻ԣһʱΧ룬γһɱ󷨡
ְϷǲҶˡ
ԲŲæЦһһһ̱̤ľͷ˵İΧһ߳ʮס
ľľͷսͶԪƿشתֵҲǸѾﵽ۷״̬컹Ҫʮ

һ̤ľͷ˵İΧȦ󣬳˲ɱ˻ٴηصΧȦСֻһΣ齣ȴǺȻĵ⣬ֱľͷˣ֮ն顣
ľͷ˱նɱֱ֮ѡ

ϵƣ˲˼㣬ͬһսأʣµľͷ˳ɱȥ
ÿɱһľͷˣϵƱǻһЩ

ʱ䵽ʮʱһһ׹һ޴ľ֮ʣµʮļľͷˣֱն顣
䡭
ڴһ΢죬ϵƣȻǣ
ͻƵ˽״ʦ˰ĿԲﵽˡ
ž統к嫵ľһƬϲ
ϲɹɱʮļľͷˣܻǶǧŰַ֣п˵һĿʱѵ׼Ͻͳһ͡
ϵͳҲǰ΢һ׼ͱһŰ׹סǰ׹һǰĻǷһ仯ǰľʱĵط
ʮ֣൱һԻɱʮļľͷˡҡֻʮӵʱ䣬ôģ
䳡ϣ˿ųֺĻȻԾһ£˫ҲǺݺݵһ£Ӳ㶼ҪͲһжġ
ǰֶʱ䣬˶Ѿľˣ㲻ҽܣҲǿЦҡͷܡ
ϵܰϸڶҲû˵ˣţ
εȥԼٱ£඼Ҫܲˡ
֣ԣϲϰҿҸһױΪױ㽻ô
ԣسͻȻתͷŹ촫
Ǵأûš˵ױǶʮױҶ㻻ԣпܸŴˣŷܲôܰͳȥءֱ֣ԶŶԣʵǴ󡣡
쵱ˡ
˳ԵϺ󣬾֪߽״ʦΪδﵽ߽״ʦδﵽΪܹڵһصĿУʮ룬һԻöʮָ֣ܻǴﵽ˽ǧ㣬ϸ˵ôֶֻ֣ʱ䡣
Цһܸı˵ľţҪ˳ȥԹӿ϶ǱŸˡ
Ǽ񵽾ˡԺҪãǧزඣ˵˲ٵأҪزˣɵسҲãܵõҲȥǿѹ졣
һ˭ҪǸ˺һëҹض壬Ȯ
⻰سƤɵҪҪô棿
ϸ룬ԼǹĻ˵Ҫ
԰ԣû뵽㾹ȻôͣȻܹһԻô֣ҪһʵͻһҪǿˡ֪۷᲻㶯֣һزܶ㶯֣ĵڶغ͵أֵܿ϶԰ҽ㡣ķͷҲͷˣ
ٿĻĿ֣ŨŨɱӿ֡
СӣʵȻôǿϧһͳǰħԨˣȻһܸȤ
忴ųԵ֣˫΢΢𣬡ûϵһ㡣ڶصĿˣĩա
ȺУ˽ˣ򳽻ʱĿ⣬˱ζ
оͰǰǺԶɡɣţŲٵĵӣһ۳һɲС
ʱʮϵˣȺ漷˳Եߡ
ųܹöٻˣǲǵһ
ֱӿʵ
Կ϶ǵһʵȽ㻹ܶأʮ綼ǰʮˣôһòء˵


465 һؿ˽
ƵصǼˣԭҶѾڵڰˣԶҪˣȻ˰Ҹˡ
㻹ƣҲأԭڵʮúõģϣܹľͷˣ֪ĸ쵰ȻҸǰʮ
ƣϾ͸ˣüͷ˵γҪõһеѶȣһİٳѡΣŲٵĸְֳոҾͿ˺üˣ̫ϳϵĹŵӣϵݱһҪţơ
̫ϳϵĹŵôˣǿôѵгǿ
ʩҹƲƲ˵Դ˳͸ġءΪʹﵽ۷ʦһ߽ܿ״ʦΪοܳǰʮȴ뾹Ȼֻڵʮģǰʮüλء
ʮҲɻؿſϣһزţϾԵʵǷǳʦ֮¼޵Уѵο˻бǿģ
ǵΪҲǴڴʦĲΣÿһܹ濹ʦĴڣ˵ǿǿ
Ϸ˸˵

ʩҹ˶ʱŴͣļٵģŵһȻôǿˣ˵ӿһǿڳ϶߲а
ٺ٣ŵĵǿأܱ֮ȵģҿȷظǣɳǿӣܹĸֱ۷ֵܣǵʵǺܴ󣬵ÿһܹϵʦĴڡ
Ͻ˵
ۿȻĸôġ
˶ʱһǲŵĵ̣ڵڣ֪ǿ˶١
ǻǿųԵİܹô̵ʱͻƵ߽״ʦҪûгԣָ۷ʦʱǰʮѳȥ
վһԣûв廰ſϽ֮ǰʹһΣܹϸϽܣҲܹ˽֡
ϺٺһЦȻǿոȴһĸҪǿġٺ٣ǲ²˭
Ȼбĸǿģˣֱ˵ɡ
֪ǲԸ£ӿص㡣һǰͿʼʦոҿ˵Ϣ֮һǰѾ˾޴仯û´ĻӦǳɹͻƵʦˡ
ʦȻеʦμӰٳѡΣһôֱȥˣ
ֱҲЩ𶯡
ԣ˵ʦμӰٳѡθǵʵţҲֱӳΪ洫ӵαػҪһٵμӰٳѡΣ
ȴ֪˴ΰٳѡεĵһһʦǳҪõı
Щƽʱ¶Ķţһð˳
ʹʮǰʮҲֻܵףŸ߽״ʦΪȴǰʮ岻ȥ
ҪٳѡУǿһĴڡ
ҾͲǺˣҸոտصɫƺǺܺðûлõһصĵһϽոԼ˵˳
ʲôصȻûлõһ
ϵĻֱʮ˾
ҵĹԹԣǿص㣬ӵеʦΪһصУȻһûõ
ĪһİٳѡУ˱صŵʦΪĸǿ
⻹ҪҪ˻˰
Ҳ˵һѶȺܴ󰡡
ε˵
ˣҲüͷȴٷϡ
֣ʵûʲôģǸһֻҪܳǰɿԳΪŵ洫ӡ
ʩҹĳԵļЦŰοһ
ʩǧġҲһǵؿųԡ
Ǻǣȵָɼɡ
ԿЦҡҡͷҲȥ͡
֪ǸֳԽص˾Լ֪θ롣
Ҳδ˾Сص㣬ô˵صʵĵʦԼȻŰնԿʦϾûغ͵ʦ֣˵صǿĵƣ֮ûֻ֮ǰСκһˡ
ĵڶԼأԾҪȫԸ
ˣҰ£Ҹÿʼյǰʮˡֵģȡľͷˡ
ʱվǰָڿˣֻ˵ʱĿȴڳԵͣƬ̣Ѻõζ
ԴˣҲǻȻемֻϲָľţԼѺãͱʾŶԼѺãԼǿž޴ĺô
ָѡεҲȫ
ʮʮֶܻʮţľͷˡ
ָ˵ʮǳǰ˹ȥܿȡľͷˣװ˿ռָڵʵľͷ˶Ѿİ
ĵھͬǻľͷˣʮһȥ죬Ÿ߼֣Ҳľͷˡ
ȥȡļľͷʱɫǺܺÿΪܹǰȴȻֻǵڰһֲűô֡
Ҫ֪ǰӿһеȻֻ߳һλŵһŵڶʵʮҲĶ֡
ȻԴ˳֮󣬶˵ʵڲϵؿܵŨŨв
ĵֵܣֱַأӿϵĽгԵ֪ƺĳλ̫ϳϵĹŵӡ
ǵʵھŽ״ʦսڴʦн޵УֵĻ濹ʦǿߡ
ڵһ꣬ϳʱ򣬳ԸܵһɼĽ⣬Ҫء


466 ţ
һۣԾ֪ʵ൱ǿֵ֣ܶҲĶ֡
۷۷ȥʱԾ͸оһɽ߳һɿµȭ⼸˵ĺ
ָ۷ֺ󣬿ϵ˵϶ӿֳɻɫʣһΧ˳Եߡ
ųôûһҪˣ۷Ļֶû߰ɣָϸ˰
ɻ˵
Ϸ˸۵ʮİٳѡΣûһôأڳֵûбֻ˵һˣֳǰˡ
ǰˣųǲģĻֶˣٰǰ˵һ
˶˷ܵ˵
ǰǿ൱ţƵҪ֪ĵߣɶ̫ϳĵӣԵǻߣǳԻǺεţƣ
ڶֵܶһļǵųȻ̫ϳ˻Ҫţƣһεȹٵ顣
ԼúܺõĳɼǸˡ˷ܡ
ԿЦŰ˰ֵҵҲҪˣָϱ˾֪ˡ
Ի治֪ôȥ˵ֱӸԼĻֿǧ
᲻Ǻѽܣ
ˣǵָ˵ɡ
ˣǵص㣬ܻʮˣļľͷˡ
ָȺеص㣬صҲֳֳָ
ͦǿİ
Ҳǵһοص㣬صĳΪݣⲢ˵ĵط
Կʱ͸оص˺һмһɺ˵ĿϢϢһƿϢ
ڽضԳΪմȨһ£Ϳ̿
Ȼ鴫
صϣҲܵһ޵ĺϢϢȻﵽ˵ʦĲΣǿ˺üΡ
صõʦһҲﵽʮˣȻֻǻõ֪ڶ˭
ĿⶸȻȺ֪ΪΣǸطܸоһֳŰϢǹϢͬ˯һ㣬ǱԻذܡ
Ҳһļ¡
û뵽Ȼص㣬̫˼ˣĻֿǳ٣Ȼֻǻ˵֣ôûѵǵڶ˵˵ĻǲǱص㻹Ҫߣ
̲סץų˷ܵ˵
Ҳһڴ
εЦЦȷǱҪһ㡣
ۿҲ̫ţ˰ɣ־Ȼص㻹Ҫߣʵĵʦŵ洫Ժ棬Ҳ쵱Ĵڣ㵽ôģ
϶ʱ
ȻܸһɲĸоϵΪĵȷȷǱԼǿ˶ٰ
ʱ򣬳ͻȻоǰһĿ⳯ԶĿȥ㿴վǰȡļľͷ˵ص㡣
صȡļľͷ˺ȴֱӳų˹
ҲǷص˹׷ÿжһ˿ζϾԷʵ̫ǿʦͷ
ǳԣ
صߵǰЦ˵
𣿡
Թ˹ֱ֣ʵ
ǺǣҲûʲô£ʶһ¡ص΢΢һЦû˵ʲôҲû뿪ֻվڳߣǰָƺڵȴָ˵Ļ֡
ȴǿ˳صڵָϱԼĳɼ
ȴǲ֪ʱصȴΪ죬ԿȥΪƽƽҵĸоû۷ǿΪʲôҸеһΣյĸоƺҺֵĻһҡ
ҡҡͷصԲȥ롣
ԼΪУԼ鷳ˡ
Ұ£ڶĳɼϣڶܻ֣һǧʮȡļľͷˡ
ָ󵭵˵ΪƽĿѾȺɨţһ˿ӵζ

ָ䣬Ⱥжʱһؾ
һǧʮôܣôܻôࣿǲǸˣ
ܸŵİٳѡοˣִֻ˵ϵʵ̫ţˣĻѾǵصˡ
ҿ⵽׻ǲˣ־ȻһǧİٳѡгֹôߵĻ𣿡
ǳһص㣬ֳһţƵĳϣ⵽ʲôص㻹õ㣬ϸѾǽ˵ʦĸ֡ϣѹûְǺε
ȺУ۷˶һۣܿԷе𺳡ǼƽʱһЩд裬ϵ㲻ϺܺãҲΪ磬Ͼͬˡ
۷νʼ磬ˣصʦˣûϣҲûõһĸ֣ÿԿص㣬гϵļһصȥɡ
ҲǣźͿãһȥˣʦӦòǣϾصʦʵͻƵʦȻܺ⡣ҲǿЦ˵Եû
ιѵˣɻһءӦüǵãھǿ˽ֻʣһֶӵʱһ˳ԽǣȻ֪ǲǵһ˵Ҳܿأ
ʱվԱߵͻȻ˵
ǸˣǸӦþصɣϾǳϻǸһģͱʾһֶӣ˳һǧ֣𣿡۷
һеףͷ˵öԣˣһֶӵʱ䣬ôܹһǧ֣ǲܵ飬ӦþصˡҲе棬һ˭־ȻȳϵһǧʮҪߡˣƺǸгԵļһֻû


467 ־
ԣǸ졢ٻǶԸˣΪǲ״ʦôܻһǧ֣ЦɡҲǰʮ岻ȥء
ƲƲ죬ǲð
۷ҲЦǰȻйնɱĴԣϾնɱǿˡʵǺǿء
ûʵնɱ㣬ڸ̤ʱȴһоͻһŽ۷ʦ洫Ӱ
ƺ뵽ʲôü
۷Ҳһ㶣ԵʵҲǲףϾǼӶۿ˵ġ
ˣ̫ˣһ־ͳˣʱһ˭Ȼ֪ˡ۷ȥۣΪʵڲţǻõһֱܻȳһǧʮֻҪߵˣǳԡ
ʱ˵Ŀ⣬ָһꡣ
һɫۣ糤˼ֿҰϢһ˫вʱžɢһȥͨͨĺɫûκϢɢ
ȻʱȴǸеһĪѹȸĶ𣬺Щ
пƽ꣬ƺһͿչ¶֮ͳͳնڽ¡
һɱ񣬷ɱƽȣԿɱǿɱ⣬ǿĽһ֮
ָ꣬ž˸
أе齣
ϣ
ߵָǰʱָ󻺻˵
ϵ˵ͷδ˵һ仰Ƿǳƽ
ʮǰ£Ҳǰչ죬ûҵֵܶ˺ҲǳһЩ˼죬ͼ׷ǵˡֱָⷬ˵ģþ
ϲۼƲƲ죬ֱӿ˵ԣʮĽ죬ҴҴʹõıšһҴĽϴˢʮǰĳ衣һŵλ̫ϳϣڸҴǸԸһɢޣҲš
һ仰û˵ǾûǸòú󣬵Ϊﵽһ̶ȣٴɱţǿ˸Ǹ
ֱɱˣ
ɱ񣬷ɱ
ϵһҲڶɻѣЩ֪ô¡
˿ϵĽ֪ԭϣ˴Ѱİ
ֻǣκѴﵽĿˣϾŵÿһ̫ϳϣĶŵ棬ŲΪһ츳ĵӶһ̫ϳϣԼ档
ֻǲ֪ڵ֪ҵĻֺʲôֶΣȻŪһһֻҪߵ˳ǷģҲǷҪõһֻ֤Լļֵ֤Ҵ紴ĽǺεǿҵҪʮǰǷҴ磬ʮĽǻ᲻ҡ
ȡļľͷ˺󣬸ָѿɫٴȺ
ž
̨ϣ쿴䳡Ļ˳ϵĻһưһԵӸĵ÷飬ϣҪŴԼΪԼ츳˵Ҿͻ𣿡
سҲüͷһŶȽĸҪôôԿɣʵѱˣ뷽ɡʵڲУңҰܸܵѪȥţҲҪԹԵġ

֣Ҳ㶣ͷƺǸ˺Ƿġ
ȴЦҲû취ʱʹõİ취ǲǻг𣿳Ӧÿ԰ѹסһƥҰһƥǧԡ
ԣ
س΢΢һɡ
س̬ȣҲΣʵҲΣ֮ԼڳϣȫΪԼڵ۹⣬ΪԼڿõˣ϶ȥ
ָʱɫȷѿ˼㣬ڴȴûκεİ취Ϊ֮ǰĻδ˵ʮǰΪ˲ƻأȷǷһ콣ĵӡ
ֻγо仰ȴ˵ˣΪǸֳˣΪ˱Լģȴ֪žܻ֮¡
һףǲǶ£ֱҵԼˣİٳѡΣ϶¡أǧע
ֻǣڿϵʵָޱȵĵġ
ϵʵʵ̫ǿ˰ص㶼ܻĶ֡
ԡ
ʱʱԵʵ߽״ʦ˵ϱȣǸصҲ˺üΰ
ϻĿˣȻŶΪԼ츳ͺţֻǿߺ֣֮츳ٸߵߣҲԶУǿ츳еķϣָϸոտ϶ֱӰ
϶ԳϵľٶԵúǲ߷ߵ˵
ⲻǸùĵ飬ϵʵȷǺǿҾֵĻö֣ɢԽѹöֶˡЩƵ˵
ǰΪԼӿһͦģμһٳѡκ֪ԭӿһǿ߶ȥ۷ֳŵʦΪص㣬ڸֱӣһص㶼ԶԶȲϵĹˡ
Ｋ䲻ƽ⣬Ҳ׼Ķ־
ѹж
˶ǳ˼ʶˣǸڳǿԴṩ֮⣬Ÿ¸ǲ֪ǿ˶١
ˡ
ƺʲôæ򳽻ԣɫҲһʱǵͨ죬֡㡭ĻֵǶ٣
ţ
ʮԣҲӦ˹ոǵ˼άȫϸ˹ȥȴ˳Ե־Ȼû


468 θ
ǰصʱǶΪԵֻǱصߣҲֻǸһ㣬ڵڶڵһȻй뷨ȴҲûִ̫š
ֻڣڶѾˣڶֲǳԣһϵļһŵǣϵĻָߴһǧʮص
ڳֻûѲ˵ȳϻҪߣ
ĻֱһǧʮҪࣿ
ôܣ
صҲĿؿ۳ԣЩ𶯣ΪӳԵпһ㣬Բѡ
ǾͱԵĻǳ˳ϣ

صȻԼȻؼ١
ȿȡ
ָһֹ˼ȥ̶ڵ˴εһؿˣһ֡ԣһܻ֣ǧŰ壡ȡļľͷˣ
ž
ָ£ȫޱȰ
ܡ϶ˣܻô֣ǧŰ֣Ǽٵġ
ȫӺһжʱ
졣
ָ󱨳Եĵһܻ֣쵱ͱʾţͲţҲԸš
һμʱֳʵҲǿ˶٣һؿ˽ҲԻõʲôΣ¹ߣҲ¹壬ȴ볽ԵԶԶĲ룬ʲô壬Ҳǵĵڶֱɱ˵һ
رǸ֣ͷĿѣĸо
ǧĻְôܣ
ǧĻ֣𣿡
۷ص³һƫͷ˵
Цʼ磬ȻҲô֣Ҹǵɻ١Ҿ٣Ҳһô֣ǷĸϰҲǸ׳ոٰţٽˡ
죬ɵһԣǧ֣ҶǲȤ˰ڶؿˣһҪȥ
ֵҲȤˡ
۷ֵܶǴЦֻҪ᳽ԵԭȴǺ콪ûκιϵˡ
ף𣿸ոǸгϵ˾˵Ź٣Ūһߵģѵģ
ͷôԼƣевУɵı˵ʲôʲô
ǧĻ֣Ҳʵ̫˰֪ôġ
ΪѾǹˣû뵽ֳһȳϻҪĹǹеĹﰡ
еĿ˵ӷ׷׶ۿڳ֣Щ죬ȴû뵽ǸֻЩ֣һ̾Ȼܹ𺳵Ļ֡
ָҲ˵ۣȴûȥΪϵ˵ģ֮ǰԵĻವǣҲΪԼ۾ˣΪ˴ΰٳѡεˣǳԲǼٵģԵĻ֣ƾԼµġ
ұˣҿŵߴңԵĻ־ʵŹٵģȫǿԼı»ôĻ֡ȻҲе㲻ţΪĻѾٳѡ߻ֵļ¼߼¼ı֮ࡣ
ָȻͣΪôҰ˵˳ֶų˵ԣȡļľͷˡ
ԴԣָѾ൱ؿˡ
΢΢һЦ˵ӲȥڿϵǴ͵Ŀ£ָ˹ȥȡļľͷˡ
ţʵǺǿ˵ʦʦ۷嶼ûﵽȻܹǧĻ֡
ȺУ΢΢̧Ŀ⣬ָǰĳԣϵϢδֱӱ¶˳һ۾ܿΪһ㣬зһȦ
ͻȻĿһƺʲôϢֲȻҶܵһΣյĸолһ˿񲨶ţѵҲ˾֮һľ֮ҲܻôϢǰǸʮص㣬ÿһҸоΣգ˾ȻҲв⵽ʲô֮
ˣȥˣһҲȥôôֵġڶѪħ򿼺ˣŲܹ˼٣ʱҵҪǲĺ͡һûŶһһҪǺڡ
ջĿ⣬ȥֻŵԹȴ˿
֣㡭ңĵǲΣ㾹Ȼ˽ǧĻֱ֣Űٳѡεһص߷ּ¼ı㵽ôģǲľͷ˻ˣվ㵱ľͷģ
ѾЩ״Σ֮ǰάŵĿ˲ֲܻȡļľͷ߻ĳԣ۾˻֮ȥ𺳡
ҲһŵؿųԣտʼǻΪԼųǰ嶼岻ȥȴ볽Բǰ壬ֱӺɨǰˣһǧʮֵĳϣݺݵز˽£Ҫࡣ
صվһԣĿ⸴ӡ
ȻѾй׼ԿĻõڶһĻ˵һһֻʱһ൱ĸо
տʼμӰٳѡʱΪƾԼʵٳѡεĵһԼ϶ֵ֮ϵĺճֲִζʱһظտʼͱһ˺ݺݵز棬ƾŬ
ΪһжҪʱԿǸԼ˵˭ȴʱһƥɱһֶӵʱֱӰԽˡ
Ȼ֪ǸǲǳԣһԿ϶һƥǰĺ˶˽¡


469 ʺ
һ㣬ӿŵʦΪҲΨпЦ
εʼ磬һֻʺҰˣҲҵ˶Ըľͷ˵ļɣܹôĻ֡ĵڶصأҪٳ嵽ǰȥ¾ûôˡ
Բǫ飬ۼʶصͳϺҲûʮֵİգһһǿص㻹΢ЩԼЩտԿ⣬ϣֿҰ֮ԿĸовԽ֮⡣
治֪ԼǣԼľֶֻ֣ӻ۳ģ֪ǻθ롣
ľУֶֻ֪Ӿͻôֵˣָֻһ֪ǰʮһѯʣȻֻеһĳ֪ԼĲʱ˽ǧ֡
ϲ˽нԳԵǲȥ⡣
ˣҲҪٳˣһؿѾڳܹǧˣֻҪܹͨ츳ԣʽΪŵĵӡҾ˵˵ڶصĿˡ
ָ˰֣˵ڶصĿˣǽǴ͵ѪħѪħѪħǣѪħǵǲᣬֻҪ֪Ѫħһûǣֻɱ¾ֻҪ࣬Ǳ᲻һеؽ֮
ѪħΪĴֱͣ˴ĻƽѪħǣʵ൱״ʦ˴Ѫħǣʵ൱״ʦ˴ĵؽѪħǣʵ൱ľŽ״ʦеѪħΪףʵ൱һ׵ʦ
ϣÿһѪħǶٰ
棬һӴʵ
⣬Ҳ۰Ͱ͵ؿָȻҲǾעһ⡣
ǺǣҲ֪ÿһѪħǵж٣ֻ޾ĸˣǹɱġҲ̫£ֲ֧סˣֻҪһ˳ͻڵһʱ뿪Ѫħ򡣡
ָЦ˵ڵڶصĿ˹ǽѡ󣬿ʼռѪħǵҶһֻƽѪħǵҶһ֣ѪħҶ֣ؽѪħҶǶʮ֡ѪħǵҶʮ֡ʱͳһΪһʱһʱлܹǰģųΪŵӵĻᣬǰʮл뾫ӢԺǰǷڵ˵ġ
ˣиҪҸһǾÿѪħǣʱʱͻֻּߣһͷѪħǣ൱һֻͬѪħǣɱѪħǵﵽһΣѪħǾͻ֣ʱǿɵСĵ㣬˺˳ҾͿĴǿǺǽһɡ
ָЦ˫ֻӶһصӡԿóָڿһ󷨡
֣ѡһأ
ʱվڳһֱûٿڵص㣬ͻȻѯʵѺõζ
Ǻǣٿ°ɡ
΢΢һЦȷǻûȷ
ʮ
һԵˡ
ų
æ򳽻ԣ֪Ҫ´ˡ
ԵͷгԱֱӽ
ųҡԡ
Ҳǰų
ʮǵʵѾﵽ߽״ʦһһĴʦۺʵȾŽ״ʦǵԣϾǶԸûʲôսԡ
ҡͷҪսԼĻԺһǰŴĻᡣҪǴúõѵһ޴粻ڣͿǴˡǽɲеǰɣҪǣһСʱ֮ڣҪ۵ʮ֣һҪնɱһǧͷϵѪħǡ

ǰԸԼֻ˵һתͷȥʮ˵ʱص㻹ЩʱԶʮҪƤ̲סһ¡
һǷ
ʮ֣
һҪնɱһͷѪħǣ

ʮ֣Ǿ൱ڶͷѪħǰҲǶ״ʦ
Ѫħǵߣÿһʵɶǿȸ߽״ʦһǧͷѪħǵߣǾһǧĸ߽״ʦ
ͿˣǾһСʱڣɱôѪħǣ
֪ų
Ȼһ̣صǷ֣ʮˣȻȫǾһ񣬶Ȼ󺰣һɰȻս⣬ǵɢ
ȫˣɲǼ
صͻȻãĲô򵥡
ǺǣˣҸոҲǲ֪ôسʱǵʵ϶ֻķݡ
תص㹰˹֡
֮ҪôΪóصе˼ϣûǲˬҪص֪ȾӣԲӿľӢ٣еǱ޴󣬽ᳬԽǿľӡ
ֿЦˣǰս֮ˣΪһȻ鴫
صųԹ˹֣Ŀеĵλ֪Ѿࡣ

Ȥڳϡ
֣ɿǺ˽ĸ𣿡
صųЦ
ЦһҾӦøʺҰɡ
ŶΪΣ
صһȴԵƽ
Ц˱ȽϲĸҲֻٵģȻѡඡ
ϲ
ص﷭˸ۣȴٶ˵֪ľѡ


470 ܶ
ҪõĴ𰸣ΪԼҲǴѡ
ԭԣѾûκεսԣǵĵؽѪħǵߣҲݡ
ԣĴѡ𣿡
ʩǧİŮߵǰһ϶˵ǡ
رǰȪѾˮȻ൱ĵġ
ôˣѡֲʱҴ򲻹ѪħǣֱӺ˳ˡҲǺ洫Ժ˵ʱһͨŵ¡
ԴЦ˵Եúν
ûע⵽˵仰ʱǰָһ¡
ΧڶӣҲһ˳ԣ˾ɡ
ԵĻƺԼǺİѵڸԼ·ʱ򲻹ѪħǣֱӺ˳Ѿ˵뵱洫ӡ
һЩɵģǵһؽӽǧֺˮ֣ȻлýǧֵʵֺξѪħǣ
ϾѪħǵʵҲſһ׵ʦ
һҪСĵ㣬˵ΣգҪǿֱӺ˳
ʩЩû˵
ŮУҪ˵˽⳽ԵģĪʩˣӵǧǵǧУѾ˽˳Եӡ
һִŵˣһ׼һ飬ǰƥҲ
ΪԼĿ꣬ƴȥŬٴѣҲ˺һ
ʱ˺ˣһٳʱһһɿ籩ƣΪ𾪡
䡭
ʱǰͻȻĵ޴죬һŨѪϢǰ泱ˮӿȫ
ɫ̲סر˱䣬ΪǾãԼһ޵ʬɽѪɺ
һЩΪ΢ЩģɫֱӲ԰
ԳǰȥǼָĸѪɫĿռ֣ͨÿһͨжѪ䶯ʮɣɣͬʱ롣
ĸͨңɢѪϢҲԽԽŨرǵĸͨɢѪϢͬʵʰ㣬壬ܹ˵ѪҺıܡ
ˣĸͨңֱǻơءһڣǱҪȫͨȨÿȡһöƷֽ䣬Ʒֽ൱ڿռָռѪħҶͷУϵͳԶͳƻ֡
ָת˵гһɫâһ־˦ˣųϵķ򵭵ص˻٣뿪Ѫħ󣬵һʱ̽ԷļƷֽ䣬Ʒֽ䵱ǲ㹻Ƕ
ֽӹָļƷֽ䣬ϣָ˵ĳϣǿûȥЦ
ಡ
֮󣬱ֱ˽ȥʮӵʱ䣬ǧ˷ͨ
ʣµˣ󲿷ֶǷڶصĿˡ
ڶĸѪħǣʵﵽ״ʦĲΣܿ⡣
ĸˣֱӽɣʱһҲиӦǾΣ
۷ͨһߵֵ˵
۷ʵп˵ǿģѷһȻûսҲ൱Ρ
ϸϸһ룬һͷѪħǣܶԸһ£ǿúܣеѪħǣָ֮֮꣬ͷܶԸġ
֪ǸԻĸոҿѾֱӽˡ
ͻȻ򳽻ڵķµ˵
۷ЦⲻǹĵģǻǸϽؽɱѪħǣۻְɣǧֱô࣬㲻ܸʦҲܶ
ţ߰ɣ
˵ͷû˵ʲôһ볯ŵȥ
ˣֻгһˣģ۷ֵˣˣǽǽ˻
֣Ҳ
صһԵĳ˵
ҡҡͷǰָ
ʱָ

ָص㹰˹֣صΪδͻƵʦǲøصģ󣬱˳ԣԣδһ𣿡
ţ룬ϾǸһʵ̫ǿˣܻİգһɡ
ԿЦһʼ硣
֮ǰѾˣϵΪص㻹Ҫǿһֻ֣һͻƵһڵʦ
⻹ص㣬صǣԸоһڵܺ
ϾΪ̫Ϊﵽ˾Ž۷壬ǾŽ״ʦаպͳһսڣû̫İգǱ¶ԼһЩñ¶ĵơ
һɰôټŵҩ֪İջ᲻һЩ
ָһһɫԲĵҩ
ҩһ㵭ɫâҩɢ
ǡ񵤣û뵽ָϾȻֵҩ
һԵص㿴ŵҩ˫۶ʱһ
Ȼǰ񵤣Ǹö
Ҳϳ񵤣һ˻ƣΪôѣΪƲϷǳѰһ˸֪ȥѰҡ
񵤵൱ǵʦǿߣʹãô޴԰һʦ̾Ϊ
ҪǴʦˣżĿԣ
˰񵤣ҵİջﵽɡ
֪һ˰񵤣ԼľпͻƣһͻƵŽ״ʦ
ͻƣʵɲǰһЧǺԣľֻһССĲΣս
ʵػһ׵ʦʮİգһһ׳ڵʦսҲ˿·硣


471 ָ
塢Ԫ˰˽״ʦаջһͨһ׳ڵʦ
Ҫٷð񵤣ﵽŽ״ʦԪ嶼ﵽŽ״ʦǳϣһս
ãŰ񵤾ˡԣһ󲻹ܻܲðٳѡεһҶϣܹȫԸǳӮ̫ɡ
ָ󽫰Ե֣ص˵
Խӹ񵤣սռָָܹܵĿҲ֪ŵĳӣŵҪΪѣܹȻҪæ±ͷָϷģһεѡΣһᾡȫõһ
˵仰Ծ֪ԼϵΣֶһ֡
Ҳ뿴Ǹϣʵǿ˶١
ָȡһԼҲᳯһȥŬܹ
СĵˣѪħʵȻֻܿһ׵ʦֻǱļľͷ΢ǿЩǵʵͷƤ飬֧Ų˵Ļͺ˳󷨻һʱǸͳһȻҪҪ
ָ֣ص˵
ȻԱֳ츳ȳҪЩϾϵΪŸ߽״ʦָѾ֪Ŀеĵλ൱ߣԳԵİȫҪˡ
ָϹˣʱҲˣͽ
Ա˱ȭһԵصֱ֣ӽɡ
ã
ص˵ͷ
ಡ
£˲ٶԣֱͨ˽ȥ
ڶصĿˣ֪Ρϰϣ㻹Ǹų˵⡣룬ܻܹѹƵġ
ָųԺصȥıӰ˵

ء
һͨԾ͸оǰ˺ܴı仯ΧѪĹâ㷢ԼһƬľݴԵĵش
Ƭشһͷޱߣ˸ָ߹׵ľ׸ߵĲݴԣһ˲ٵɽƽԭ
ʵһԪ硣
ʵڵ硣
Ȼ֪ƬΪλΪ˵ӵĵطһȷǾطԵĿ˸Ͳܽ˰æֻƾԼ
ԴʱصվһƬƽԭشǰտƽԭصüͷʱɫЩˣǾȻƽԭش
ƽԭشôˣ
ɻѯʵ⿼˵ĵطǺϤص㱾ӿڰٳѡεÿһعȻ൱磬һЩ
صЦһƽԭشϿȥûһֻѪħǣƽԭܣȻ֮ѪħǴšҲ˵ѪħǰΧشѪħǷǣһһʱͬǸɱˡ
һܹʮķΧʮ֮䶼ûһͷѪħǣӦ÷ֲ˰ɣ
Ҳüͷص˵ߵ·ûˣֱѪħΧȻ˳ˣ
صεصѪħǲͨޣȻûǻۣǶİϢĸ֪ȴ൱ǿ˵ʮǳһҲܹӦõȻֻѪħǣؽѪħǿ϶ӦµѪħǣָ
⵹Щ鷳
Ҳҡҡͷ
ʵǺܵģΪŷռĴڣٶѪħҲ˺
ƬռУѾԭĿռ뿪ǸͿԼʱٻŵ˶ֲˡ
صԣ϶ѷٻ
ڷӡ£κˣκ֪
֣Ҵ㳯ϱȥǱһƬ֣ѪħӦûȽ٣һͬȥɺã໥ҲиӦʱɱѪħǣǶǾƽֻ֡ҪܹһֱǰʮʣµǶҶԸ㣬ȡ㳬ϡ
ص
ʵΪԵʵĺǿһؿ˵ʱҵ˶Ըľͷ˵ķſԻǰµĻ֡
һΣԵĿѪѪħǣһСľͿܻԶɥڴˡ
ԵʵصóԾɱһͷѪħǣһ϶ѪħǣĽ϶ֱ˳ˡ
Ͼô˵ԵΪûдﵽʦʩչԪս˺ܴ벻㣬ʵۿۡ
ʼ磬ҪӦ
ˣһ⡣
ȻʱϻõȴͻȻԺ
΢΢һ㶣ϻʱð˵ţֱ˵ɡ
ǲøĻ֣һűס棿
ϻֱʵ
ԵͷűϾҽҪһʱɣϸҲϸĵӣܰĻ;һ°ɡѵа취Ǹϵʵǲ
ϻõûǸϵʵȷǺǿܹо˰񵤣ΪͻƵ˾Ž״ʦҲþĶ֡
ûôţ
Բŵ˵
Ϊﵽ˾Ž״ʦ򲻹ϣôܣ
Ҫ֪ԵƾڵʵаպصһսͻƵ˾Ž״ʦصҲɣϻþȻ˵ͻƵ˾Ž״ʦҲǳϵĶ֡
һ˵ôֱӣһӶԼ
ͱʾϻ÷ǳȷԼͻƵ˾Ž״ʦĲǳϵĶ֡
ȻţҸһΪġΪΪͻƵ˵ʦҲѻܳϡϻε˵൱ֱӡ
һγԲδٷô˵ˣʲôɲš


472 Ѫħ
治ţԼͻƵ˵ʦûǳϵĶ֣ϣжô
ʵȶ׵ʦ׵ʦ
Ҫ֪˵ʦ֮ÿһ׵Ĳ඼൱һ׼Ĳ࣬ѹöԷ
ǺǣոշѾӦһǸǵı⣬ںͽͷѪħɱҪ˼ʱ䣬ܹЩѪħͳͳնɱĻһСʱ棬ٿԻʮ֣ΪƾʵͬʱͷѪħߺͷѪħǰΧסܹɱΧɱѪħʧء
ϻýոշֱ̽Ӹ߳ԣóٴüͷһʱصʵ֣Ѫħǵ˽⣬㿴ܹͬʱԸͷѪħǣ
µʵصÿ֪ԼܹԸͷѪħǣϵĲж
Ժϻ֮Ľ˺ܳʱ䣬ʵֻһͷ֮䣬ص㲢ûзֳԵֻǶͻȻͣʳЩ档
ص㻹ֱ˵Ѫħǵʵļľͷ˻ҪǿһûǻֶۣԵеļɣͬĹ࣬ȶԣͬѪħǱͬļľͷ˵вҪСϺܶࡣˣһҲֻܶԸʮֻѪħǣٶĻԼҲˡ
صڽľнпǰĸس͸ĻҪľĵطߣѪħҪЩſػɱѪħǣۻ֡
ƽԭбѪħǸΧҲֻطݣʵͲͬʱԸʮֻϵѪħǡ
Ȼֻʮֻ
ͷһѪħǵսʵǱȲһ׳ڵʦҲ϶١
Լž֮ԶԸֻȷǲ̫Զ
ص֣ĻҲܳϡ
˼һһࡣ
ΪɱѪħǵͬʱҪСĲѪħǸΧϸͲȹǣУǽ֮أѪħǣֹĽŲ
ܶԸʮֻѾܲˣͨһ׳ڵʦֻѪħǶԸˡ
ص㷭˸۵
ϻã˵˵ʲô취ܰһ۸Ļ֡
ʱҲָԼܳˣΪܶõһָʧֻϻðæ
ǺǣʵҲܼ򵥣һѪ󣬵ʱһЩѪħǣȻûǷɢֻҪֽһɱɣҲֻܻ۸Ļ֡ϻ˵
εص˵ͷҲֻˡ
ȻԼɱѪħǣҲֻϻõϻ󷨣ԼɱѪħǡ
Ȼ׵ɣô˵ϻҲһƣ
ˣҲüѪҪʱʱ䣬ʱҸ㲼øѪħǷֲ㡣ҲԸǸȥɱѪħǰʱ֮ٵ
һɣʱҲΪһЩ
εʼ磬ص˵֣ҴСʱСʱ֮ٿʼɱѪħǣԼȥɱѪħǰɡɱѪħǺ٣ʱ֮ٵʱиѪħǵɱ
֣һ
صʱסˣ׳ô£ոջ˵ȥһɱѪħǣھȻҪһǵСʱСʱ֮ٿʼɱѪħǡ
Сʱ֮˼һֶҪˣԼſʼɱ
ֱ
صвɵɻóԲֱˣҿӣƺڽһҪļƻйɱѪħǣ۸ֵļƻ
ǺǣڵľѾͻƵ˰˽״ʦҵԪȴûͻƣҴСʱʱ䣬ȡͻƵ˽״ʦʱ϶ɱѪħǣϾĥ󿳲
Цš

ص𾪵˵ʱŷӦԾȻû뿪˼ҪƽԭнⲻǵѪħɱ
ȷֲصģҶһЩ󷨣᲼һѪħȻͷֲˡ
ν˵
ʲô㣬󷨣㻹һ󷨴ʦ
ص֪ܹóסѪħǵģֻ󷨴ʦͲŶΪȲεͬʱȻһ󷨴ʦ
ǿҲͬŲٵ󷨴ʦʦ󷨴ʦЩһǾоʮ֮ãɳԵͲʮ갡
ܿ뵽һ飬Ǿǳڼ֮ǰΪƽƽߡ
ڽʱ䣬ԵΪȻͻͽһٴﵽ˰˽״ʦ
һƽˣôҲµʱ㺧˵ĳɾͰ
ѵ˵
֮ǰһֱˣȻȴһֱо󷨣츳ʮʱٲȻΪһ󷨴ʦ
϶ˣҲֻԭ򣬲ܹΪʲô֮ǰΪƽƽһֱͣߡ
츳ѹû˼棬һĵо󷨣ʮͣͳΪһ˾󷨴ʦ
Ҫ֪󷨴ʦݣӿܻӭһУһϯ֮ء
Ǻǣҵȷһ󷨴ʦ
ԺգΪϻõĴڣǺƤ˸ѡ
û뵽㾹Ȼһ󷨴ʦ󷨴ʦۼֵĻԲǳ϶١ţһȥҾʹҿһʦһ󷨴ʦȫָ㳽ϵ֪ʶϵһ¥
صЦ˵ԵĽύ֮⡣


473 󷨴ʦ
ôһ󷨴ʦ϶ԳΪʦ󷨴ʦ
󷨴ʦǵȵλԲƽ̻ӿ٣ӿ󷨴ʦҲһһ
ǾͶлˡ
Ա˱ȭȴǿЦ
󷨴ʦ
ʦҲûʸʦϻʦһ۷ʦҲҪһ˰
Ȼб֮ɣҲõˡȥɱһЩѪħǣʱ֮ٵϡ
صҲǱ˱ȭһתϷȥܿʧ˳Եǰ
֪һ󷨴ʦʱͲµԿܻʱʱóһԸѪħǣȻ֪ԲóܲܶԸѪħǣѡųԡ
ص㵹˼Ȼ󷨴ʦ󷨡ϧѧϰ󷨣Ȼһ԰һʦ
صߺûãϻõӰǳ˳ԵǰϻãҲǳˣȴǱ۾ܰɫķ֮ţƺʲô
Ծؿ۷񣬲ܿʲôҲЦЦҶһȷȤ󣬶ϻߣҵóţҲûҪȥоˣһʵС
ʵóЩѹȻٷѧϰ󷨣󷨷츳Ҳȥѧ
ţҾͿʼüѪˡҪۼصѪ֮ȡ侫ǣɷ󣬴ӶﵽѪħǵЧѪħǵʵҲڲüѪͬʱһҪһЩҪɱԱʱ֮衣
ϻ֣ص˵ȻѪħҲ̫ӣϾڵֶʵʵ̫ҲҺڷİ£ʵָ˲١
˵֮䣬Ѿǻ֣ΧһվƬشһƬͻȻ֣Եαûȥ
Ȼܹܵ
ϻû˵ʲôǿʼ˼Ѫ
С
ϻһȦȦİӿܹܵռз·һЩɫ֣Щɫһ֣ܾһ˿˿ѪϢֳ

ʱԺȻЩɫ㣬ȻǳһԵķӻԾȥ֪ʶʶأЩɫ㣬Ȼֱ뵽ڡ
ظ֪ϵϢڲϵš
⡭ЩϢЩϢ֮ʵҲˣ
ԿһĻʱȻЩѪ֮ȻӰ죬ֱյڵĻǻĻ˺ࡣ
ˣȻͨ߶Ѫ֮֮գڷ˵ȴǼĲƷԱȵϰħˡ
ʱϻõڳԵԺ
ŻȻȴž̾Ľ֮ɫѪܹ֮ʵǲ֪Ҫܹ׳Խ񰡡
ҲΪˣʵУҲָܹˡ
Ҳŷ񣬶һֱӽ˷ռ䣬İʱҲҪúõԼʵ˰

ԽռµĿռüͷչ˿ð¡
ڲܵʱ򣬳ĿһɨǷڶһƬɵĿռ䵱Ǳ߿ռ䵱Уƿ
൱ϤؽеĽ
֪еؽϾǿһʥأһʱо޴Чʵе޿϶˷ᣬȫ
ҲǴؽд壬ﵽ˽״ʦ֮ǰǴԪΪ
ϥ£һβδʹκεҩþضɳܿͱ鲼ΧĿռ䵱С
ʱΧռеĿԼ켣ܹظӦ
Ҳһƽ̬С
붨
ͳͳ
Ȼ䣬Դһռеľʱһ𣬼̶ΧޱŨԪֱӷ·ܵĳֺһ㣬ųԵںХȥ
ʱ򣬳ԾҪԣԼ붨״̬һܹɶٵԪ
˵ΪﵽʦΣǿԱܹİ𵤣ּͿ۳ǧţһĻһŰ𵤡
ڰ֮ϣһֽǵĵҩǵ̲ͬŴԪŨ̶һŰ𵤵İٱһǵҲǵȼһٿǵ
ǵѶȻҪһЩһʦһҲܹǧţ˶ǵһʹһˡ
Ҳֻʦܹ𵤻ǵĵʦû취Ϊʦľ񾳽ܹ붨ܹǿľΪԪ޳ʣҹ廯
£Ծڳ衣
ȻǲҩֱսԼ壬ǿԼΪ
գ
ˮԪӿûκεԥɣֱӾͽеԪս˵ﵱУͣѹںϡ
ϵϢʱڽ
ȻɹˣðԪٶȾǿ졣̷ֱҩˡ
ԸոҲֻԵ̬ȣûڴܹһԳɹҲǰ˵ģʱΪϾ̫˽Ҳ࣬ȴԼȻֱӾͳɹˡ
ҴʱԪΪѾǴﵽ߽ڴʦ
̣Ž˲ʱ䡣

ûٵʱ䣬ٴν붨״̬ʼԪ


ʮӹ󣬰ųڴһ죬ϵϢȻ


474 Ѫħɱˣ
˽״ʦˣ
ڰ纣ԪϲɵһЦ⡣
ǷõҩĻҲҪʱòͻƵ˽״ʦ붨״ֱ̬Ԫȴֻʮӣٶȱʹõҩ֪˶ٱ
ȻҲΪռеԪʵ̫Ũʮͨء
󣬳վǰƬɫռ䣬׼ʹؽ塣
䳡
ʮˣϵĻֶﵽǧ࣬ʮأҲǴﵽٶ࣬ôԻǰһǧûȥᱻѪħǸɱ˰ɣ
ǲ֪ǽһĻĿֱܻӱѪħǸɱˣѪħǵսǱľͷ˻Ҫǿ󣬶ȺޣʮͷѪħǣһ׳ڵʦΣա
ɥѪħǵצˣȻôǰһǧŲȥ
ʮӵʱÿһŵĵӶڶ䳡ĻϰǶҲԵ֣
ԣڸʲôʮ˻ûɱһֻѪħǣѵʵ޷ɱѪħǣ
쿴Ļüͷ΢΢ţرǿĻ϶ǸȻڵһ֣üͷø
سһҡҡͷ֣ҿΣҶС˽⣬ӦûԺСȴڵڶˣԵȴǰһǧûϣͱӦûг֣ڽĳ׼ȴĳ̡
ĳָ̣ոһ𣿡εҡҡͷȻҲǺȷʱѡس
ΪųǱѪħǸɱˣҲԸš
ϵҪأͷ๻ǿģȻ϶Ҫڵػಡ
ĻεؿЦ
ŷ򽣶ˣɫƽվȺУ˵ۣ˳ţΪǸͲţɥѪħǵצ¡
ҵŵ㣬ֻµһֵǳ֣һѪħ߳ǧģʩǶȥѶߵʮֻѪħǳռҶסһҪ죬ҪѪħǴϢĻᡣ
Уָˡ
˿ˣȫǽһּҶѪȵɱ¾УǵʵҪͨѪħǿö࣬ԵĻѪħֻбɱķݡ
ȻʱΧܵѪħǣѾһۿͷȫѪħǣԶ̳ȻŸѪħǡ
վĵ棬ѾѪȾͨ죬϶մȳѪ
ΪˣҲ뵽սС
ಡ
ȻȺӳʩǧġ
ڲμӰٳѡ֮ǰȫʵҲ׵ضԸѪħǡ
ݣ
͡
ⲻϴӶеĳмǰѪħǣ޲ǱֱնɱȥѪɽϣȳζʱŮԴȴһüͷǼնɱܵѪħǡ
˲ʱ䣬ʮͷѪħǣͳͳǵĽ¡
Ѫ
ŮֱأΪԽˣǰȥѪħǵҶȫи
ãһնɱʮͷѪħǣָ˶ʮ֡ǲиųɵĿ껹Զ
ص˵ͷŮʵѾ൱ǿһ߽״ʦҪҲһ̡
ɵЩĵؿվԼԣɫЩ׵İ̫˰Ͼǵһμʶֳ档ϣܹı䣬Ժųߣֳ϶ټ
ȷЩİʩǧĶˣΪ˲ķ涼൱㣬ɫ˿ѷɫй֮ҲԼصص㣬ĵɰˡ
ʮʱһԱڻ㱨ʲôЩЦ⸡
Ƭ̺ƫͷ˵ոȺгһӰ죬ƺѪħǸΧסˣ֧ԮҸߴңôһ󺰣䣬͡
ôҺ⻰ǵð
û뵽ƽʱԵʮȻôⲻڹ𣬲ϲ
Ϊٳѡڿ˵Ӳ׼ɱҿ˵ʱܹ˳Ѫħ˰ɵ
Խв¸ų鷳ֱӴȥˡʮƲƲ죬ǲм
ǸСΪԼеʵͺ˲𡣲ڿʼѾûʸǾˣǾͱʵȻǿִﲻǰʮ뾫ӢԺǸ⡣
Ҳ졣
ιǱ찡ܹŻ˲һأųҪ󻹲ԶϽָӴɱѪħǰɡ
һԴ˵
˵ϣ㵹Ǳ𼱰ȻڲŵʮҸʮһһģ㵽ͷȥ𣬵ʱ֤ܳ嵽塣
شЦš
ޣҿҪǰæȥɱѪħǡ
ϵһֱۣӳǰѪħȺȥ

ʮ˶ʱЦ
۷ŵڼˣ
У۷ֵ˾ۼһһСֵУǾͲᱻѪħǸΧȫ⵹ǲ̫ģʱǾһɱѯ۷


475 ǳ
۷Цһֵǲ٣Ѿﵽٶ֪࣬ΪΣҾȻֻڵǱ
ԭҲֻǵһΪҵܶأƽһЩˡԣʱЦ
ҲصҺһһڰˣ治֪ô£ѵкɱˣ
ɣһѾˣɱһǻҪҪ˻ˣ
زɵ˵
Ҿ鲻ô򵥣ܾǺʲô۷ͻȻüͷ˵˼֮ɫ
ԣʲôܱԵģĸ˱һģ㿴ɼ۷ʵǿȻҲֻڵ塣ǵʦԿ
Ƶ˵
ղμӰٳѡʱҲ׳־־Ҫ°ٳѡεһȴ˵һǰȻ岻ȥ
ˣϢһ¾ͼɱѪħǰɡ¿⣬ǵʦҲǵġ
۷ҡҡͷԸȥ롣
ڶΪҲǴȻûͻƵ޵ĲΣҲȥԶ
ٶĻСӥСӥѾǴﵽװƷ۷壬ۺʵԿԺɨеĴʦϵ㣬Сӥܹ֮һս
СӥӥƺЧֻצú͸Ĳһ㡣
һƣСӥĵצȴһޱȷâĸоڸظ£ԸжƵп
Ժģǿʼ
һΣһӵʱ䣬Ϊʹﵽ˰˽״ʦ
ǿŰ񵤣ͷʹðɣҲȥϻõļѪƺûУƺ˾͸ÿʼɱѪħˡ
ԻվѾûʱȥˣֱ뿪˷ռ䣬ƽԭ֮ϡ
ǿѪ֮
Ըһƽԭϣ͸оһɼŨѪ֮˱ǶΧĿռ䵱УҲɺɫ塣
Ҫ׼Ѫ֮һڣҲǻһС鷳
أ
еľ֮лδɢȥһǺ֮쳹ԺȻ֣ǰ״Ȼһֻ߹׵Ѫɫħǡ
ͷѪɫħǻɢŨŨѪ֮һ˫ѪɫĴɨ䣬ԴӵУһ˿ţĻѪб
Ѫħǡ
촽ֱӳȥɵͷѪħǰ
ϻãȫú𣿡
סȥĳ嶯תһԵϻѯʵ

ϻ˫ƵһŨİȻϷڶ˷Բ֮ڵĿռ䡣
ˣˣҲõİȫնɱѪħǵʱΣգԽƬѪħǷֲǵģһΧɱ󣬾ͻֱӽնɱƬȫǿʱƶģֻҪȫĸ֣ȫͻһ״
ϻÿٵ˵ţϸǵаɫĵطõɱɱķֻһǾѪħϵѪ֮Ҳ˵ɱûµģѪħһɱɱͻᱻֱնɱѪħǡɫ㣬ǻͬĵ󲻻ЧֻѪħǲܴУѪռһֻҪ㲻̤һĵǰȫġ
ҵ죬ϻã⻹ֱɱЩѪħء
ϻõĻԶʱͬʱҲ̲סѪħĬһ¡
һֱɱЩѪħǡˣ㶯ְɣѪȻеѪħǶ˿ȥһЩǿѪħߣܹ󷨵ģĻɱ󣬶Ѫħǡ˵Ǿ콫ЩѪħǸնɱ
ϻָָ˵
ԶָķȥǿȫѪħǣЩѪħǵУһЩ߳׵ģѪħˡ
ЩѪħɢϢ֮ͨѪħǲ֪ǿ˶٣صǣһʱҲˡ
ͻƵ˽״ʦ󣬻аնԸѪħߡ
磬ҪҰæЩСǺܺöԸء
ʱͻȻ
ˣ
һϲ
ҲǽˣֻǸоΧһЩΣԵأԾʶؽԭһȺ磬ҰǰɣڵʵЩѪħǣҲһĳɷ顣мؿΧѪħǡ
һƾĳɷ飿ڵʵָʲôˣ
Բɵɴ۾Ѫħߣǿ൱һ׳ڵʦǿߣصһʱҲˣϾ˵ʦÿһ׵Ĳ඼൱֮ûмǸǸһһ׳۷ʦΪɱѪħߡ
Ѫ֮ҰͦѪǿԿٻָҵΪڵΪѾָ˾Ž۷ʦΣЩѪħߣһоɱüֻ
ٺٵЦǸϵļһҲаӦ
ôóڵľʵʲôΣ
ѯһ
֮ǰҲֻй²⣬ûоĽۣϾͳ֮ĲȷЩ
ٺһЦʵǿ۷ʦɣĽ׵ʦԸҲѵˡ
Ȼ׼׶˵Եüͷ̲סƣһǿ󰡡
ϻ˵˵Լ˰񵤣ͻƵһ׵ʦҲþĶ֡
ȴִֵӣԽǲܵ飬Խȥһ¡
ûذڳϣЩΪϻûǷ˵ģֻģֻᣬܹ֪ԷжôǿԼͶԷ֮Ĳж
ʱҲˣĵ˫Ϳؽ֡
¶ҪĻǽǰ飬㹻Ļ֡


476 ȫƨ
һһ£Ծ÷ԼɱѪħǣΪѪħǵʵ̫࣬ǳеľ֮ɱ꣬Ϊܹ۸Ļ֣û÷æ֡
ˣǸˣҵ󷨱ʱû£Ѿ˰ȫشҪҪ
ȻʱϻõȴڳԵԺ
ɡ
΢΢ͷͽصˣֶŷ˵ȻˣξԼһɱѪħǰɡϻѾҲô󷨣ҵĻֻܹǳϣҸ鶹ϵˡ
УҾͲˡϻãǵðռѪھָʦͲһֻҪ㹻ѪʱܹɹͻƣʱҰһưǳϸʡˡ
һһ˷ռ䡣
ˣԼСİɡ
ϻҲεҡҡͷҲŽ˷ռ䡣
ԿЦһȴůǷϻãʱʱ̵̿Ϊ롣
Ҳþʵǿ
˵ǷϻãԼߵˣǶϣԼʵܹǿΪֻʵǿˣܰǵԸ
Լĳ𣬳Բδʱ̵ȥ롣
һˮɵ£Լڳ޵С
֣Ӱǳˣ죬캰˳Ȼǿɶ군ˡ
ʱһ˹˳ԵĶУǿϷһӰٵس߷Ӷص㡣
صůζ
ϸ˵ڻǷǳˣԲ֮أﶼ൱Σգ˵ͨĵʦн߽׵ʦǱѪħǸûĽֻܹ붨ʦſ޾Ѫħǵȥ
£ص㾹Ȼûеһʱ˳ҲǼУѰӰȫĳðΣգΪ˸Ҳߡ
صðµĿʲôܹðΣҳԣԻΪм
֣졭캰˳ˣ
صԶԶؿԵӰʱٳ˹ųԵֱۣ˵
ϣصѪ֮֮ǰɱ˲ٵѪħǡ
εҡͷһЦָָص󣬡㿴㱳ûѪħ׷㡣
ˣʲôѪħϾҪˣǧ򣬲ʮѪħǰܶԸģ뿪ɣȻʱܻѪħǵİΧȦ˺ɷ顣
صȻǵȲˣովͿһȺѪħǣŴѪħ׷ɱ
ٶ죬˦ˣҲð
ҪǵĳգҪųһ˳ʱһʱͻ֣Ѱصĵط
֣𼱣ڲΣա෴û˭Ǹȫ
æסص㣬صһżֱӺ˳ʱס
ȫȫƨǳ˻ȫǿɶѪħǰһ׵Ѫħǣǿ϶ѪħǵˣһʱҲˣҪٱѪħǸΧסܶܲˡ
صȴ൱ؽոǿĶѪħǣһ۸ͷ£һѪħǸΧסˣܵĻᶼûˡ
Ϊ֪ͨԣжȴǳٳɱѪħǡ
֣˵Ѿú󷨣ѪħǸͷֲǡ
Σֻǽ󷨸˵Ȼô˵ص϶
Ҳֲص㣬˭ѪħҲܱ򶨣ĵʦҲҪ˵Ⱦܡ
󷨣ֲǣ
Ȼⷬص㷽ͣ˽ŲǽڵԪת˼£תȥ

һתصͿԼѪħǣԼǰĻҪϺܶ࣬һӸ壬Ŀܼ֮أͳͳѪħǡ
˶Ѫħǣ¾һʦɱһ²߲ݶɱꡣ
һʦ¾ҲᱻôѪħǸغ
صܿͷһ⣬ǾЩѪħǣƺͷֲǣĿĵܣ۾ȥͨޱȣɢŨŨѪϢȴûκҪļ
ΪǸѰĿꡣ
ص֮⣬һͷѪħѰʲôȴͲһۡ
ó֧Ѫħǲδǡ
ôôܣ
һĻصʶ㣬Ҳ̲סɴӣԼһĻġ
˵ص㣬ʱ¾ӿسһĻ𾪵úϲ£졣
ΪǵĳʶУ󷨴ʦó󷨣ԺѾû̫ãǰصҲֻΪԲó󷨶ֻ΢Ӱ쵽ѪħǣϾѪħǵʵѾܹȺ޵Ĵڡ
ֻʦõ󷨣ܹ˺ޡ
ͨʦõ󷨣ҲԲܹס֮Ѫħǡ
Ҫ֪ǰѪħǿɲһֻֻҲʮֻʮֻһֻֻһǧֻǧֻһֻֻֻ֮࣬
Ҫ󷨶˶ѪħǶЧ˵󷨴ʦʦ󷨴ʦѲó󷨰ɣ
֣ҡ⣬⵽һʲôε󷨣ǲֻһ󷨴ʦ찡󷨾󷨴ʦҲòֻʦܹóǡӿѾܶûгֹһʦˡôܣ
صųԵֱۣһ𾪵ѯʵ


477 ص
ӿСͼʶ㣬Ϊһ󷨴ʦҲΪ˽⣬֪ȼﵽʲôΡ
ǰ󷨣֪Уʦܹóġ
֣иҸ㣬ǧҪκˡ
εҡҡͷ˵
صһ㶣Ǽ֪ҪһܣܿܳԶûи߹κһˡ
Ҫǣʦйء
ַİɣǴңҲй¶κ֪ҸҲй¶ȥ
صæͷ֪ܵҪԡ
ȻѡܸͲܹóʧ
ãʵҲʲô󷨴ʦҶҲô˽⡣ҵߣһʦԶ飬ովҲóһ󷨡
֣ص˵
ʱ֪Լ󷨴ʦǲص㣬صҲԼһ󷨴ʦ
Ц󷨴ʦܹõóǰļѪ
ϻõʱʱ飬¾һʦܲõó
ѵԸص㣬Լʵ󷨴ʦһʦ
صˣԹһǱŷˡ
ո飬ԶصƷҲһ˽⣬Բžܸص㲻ʧ
ʦԶ飿
صһʦȻʦԶ飬찡ôܣǿʦ˵ӿǬԪûгֹһʦ޵ʦҲԲᳬϾȻһʦԶ飿
ǵģǰСʱһģƢȽϹ죬ϲ˽ӴոһˡҲ
Щε˵ոҲܾãһøĻ֣ķ˴Ŀ࣬ŴӦġ֣ɱй¶ȥˣ鷳ˣ϶ٸߵġ
ģģһὫй¶ȥص㷢ģճָҵܣй¶˳ȥ׺䶥
صΪóԼй¶ܣȻǷ˶ġ
ûлɳԵĻԷʦԶ飬ֻһССĴʦôܹƵ˶Է
ȻԲܿƶԷǶԷʱ뿪Ŀԡ
㳽ûпʦԶ飬ԷȻ˳ߣǾͱʾſʦǰ󷨾˵һС
ʱصѾǿʼζԴԣ費ҪȥԼĸ˵˵øڶԴԣԵһԴ
һʱҲҲʲôĸ˵Ͼй¶ʦԶ顣
֣󷨵ʲôҽھͿʼɱѪħǣۻ֣ڵǵڶڵһģӦþǳˡ
ص㿪˵
Ե˵ͷûڵһľǳϣ֪Ѿ˺üǧ֣ѾˡмѪ󣬸ǷΧԲĻɱɫ󣬰ɫɱİ׹⣬ǰȫֻҪ˰ȫǾͰȫˣûΣյʱٽ밲ȫɡɱͻǺܴ󣬻ԵֵסͨѪħǣԵֵѪħǵߡԾӵ󷨣ǻҪСĵ㡣ȻǣѪԽԽѪħǹҲҪץʱɱѪħǣȻΧ󷨱ƻǿ϶ǻ£ʱǳ嶼岻ȥֻ˳ˡ
ۿʦȻʦó󷨾Ȼǿȳ̶ȣֱĴɱаСʱڼ䣬ǾŬɱѪħǰɣѪħǶָҲʮֻһ֣ɱѪħΣڵĻӦԱҽǰʮɱѪħǶҾȫ㣬ȡһǸȻǺֵܶ࣬Ļ󷨸ǣǼֱɱѪħǡ
ص˷ܵ˵
˵ڵȷɱѪħǣռǶ

ʱѪѾȫתϵɱ󡢻󶼱߶ѪħһЩɱʱֵסǻᱻɷ飬ҲѪħǵʬرסˣʱ򳽻ԺصֻҪǰѪħǵҶиǿɵؼʮ֡
ٶȿ϶ȳϻҪѸ٣ϱϾҪɱѪħǣֻҪǰȥѪħǵҶиˡ
ãǾͿʼɱѪħǰɣ
΢΢һЦûж˵ʲôֱӳɱ˳ȥ
ﵽ˽״ʦԵٶѾѷɫͨһ׳ڵʦǿ󣬶ڿĲٿظٶȵҲż
ÿٶȣǿĲٿֵʵȻǲѷɫҶˡҲʹԪĻ»þ׵ػ
ص㿴ųԳȥıӰɫһĿеĵλٴһΡ
һȫûȥ˼ȫǰͷѪħϡ
÷֮ϵϢȫסԾͷ·ҹе飬һĪĸо
ⲻòصٴһ𣬳һУǿǽԼ仯һĴ̿ͣڵٶȡԼϢǶԵʦһЩвˣǲ֪ĹΡ
ҲǿĻ
ݡ
Բ֪صе뷨ʱӳʵʰƿնȴûһ˿һ췢


478 

һ
͡
Ѫħǵʵʵǿ󣬿һ׵ʦʵǿɲǿЦģԷĽȻûзһʶΣѾǴѪħǵԺзǵһʱܿ壬ֻһûһֻѪħǵ壬Ҳδֱӽɱֻˡ
أ
ͷѪħǶʱŭǺǵͷ·ĳķֱӱ˻ΧĿռлš

ƺ֪ӲˣҲܺͷû˵ѪħǣһŭɢǿҵѪ֮ųɱ˹ȥ
Ӧô죡
Ƥ΢΢һѪħǵʵȻǱľͷҪǿٰһоȻͷѪħǶɱ
͵ϮɲǣǾɵǡ
һͬ㿿ͷܵǿΣͼߵѪħǣھһͷ˵Ѫħʱһи˿
͡
һΣֱת֣ٶȻ˲׷ͷѪħǣûκεԥֳֳֽƣͬʱ˳ȥ
ͷѪħǸҪȫֵԵĹ䵽ǵϣǵɷ顣
ѪħǵķӦǳԵٶʵǿ죬Ĺ൱Ѫħǣֱܹɱ
ҲǳԶڽԼİѿس̶ȣûǿԼ״̬Ϊ֧ŵĻһ
ɫƽٴԼܿͿͷѪħǰΧһɫ㣬ƺҪƻ
߶ˣȻҲ˷ѣǰɡ
Խ·ٴγɱ˹ȥ
վԭصص㣬ѾŴ͡
óٴγ̲סһֿڣƭ˰ǰ˽״ʦʵһҪǿҲһڵʦ
صѾǳ׵
տʼʱΪԵʵզΣҲΪ˺ͳԽύһ£˵볽ԺʱĳԻĺء
ǸոռԱֳ׵ʵҲûоóʵǿ
ۼԸɾػɱֻѪħǣų׵رס
Ǻεȿµʵ
ٶͨһ׳ڵʦϢ䣬Ĳٿؽɱһ׳ڵʦ
ԼеĻҲǱɱķݰɣ
صڲƽˡ
ƾʲôԼչһˣòײͻƵʦһǰո¶ͷǣһǰնɱų״ֳʵȻɱԼ
⻹ò˻ˣ
ϵܲʦô򵥰һҪ佻ãܵ϶Ϊǿѡ
صϾһΪǵľ
֣Ұɱˡ
صһҲǳȥ
ȻˣԼҪﳽɱѪħǣǶˡ
ʱͻȻЩڴԿԼһ˵ŬܲܳԽϡ
ʱ䳡Ѿը˹ˣ
ͷȥˣԵ־ȻûǰһǧһǧҲֻʮְǵֻҪɱͷؽѪħǾͿԳǰһǧˣҪĻֻҪɱһͷѪħǾСڶͷˣỹһͷѪħǶûɱɣ
ǰ⵽ҪѵѧһأһؿɲͬһѪħˣʱضпܻѪħǣڰͷȥˣͷѪħӦɣ
ˣǲָˣϰɣȻЩʵǿŰͷܻ־ȻʹﵽһǧʮֱٳѡߵĻּ¼ҪʮȻֻ˲Сʱˡ
̫ˣҶżˡţˣ֪ܲܳء
Ǳעϰ͵ʮʵҲܲ㿴ǵĻ֣۷ѹ棬ҿҲǣϾҪԽˡ
ƺ˰ɣԿų벻ͨ˶ǰʮˣȴǰһǧûȥ
˼
аϣ˹עģǳϣԼڶؽ۷ѹס˵ʮ˵ȫΧˡ
˵棬иֶǱš
Ǿǳԡ
ڵһʱΪǿ𣬻˵һϵĵһˣŵĵӸеΪ죬ҲóŵԵú
˶ڴԵڶٴαȥ˰ʱԵȴ˯ƵģͲ˵ǰ
԰ԣ㵽Ҫ׼ʲôʱ򰡣ڶʱˣѵ𣿡
̨棬춼ѾЩˣտʼʮֶӵʱ򻹺Щ˶ʮӣЩȲˡ
ϵĻ֣ٵǡ
ȥ˰ʱԵûгǰһǧаϣϲңңŵڶָǴﵽĿһǧࡣ
ǼϼһĻᶪڵֶܻѾһǧˣһڷڶؽﵽӦûʲô⡣Ҫ׷Ѫħվɱ
سҲΪѾǲܹ׷ϳˡ
ΪóϵĻٶ൱죬ûѪħվɱ̶ȣҲȥԶ
ʱҪԽϣֻѪħվɱˡ
ٵȵȿɣڵһصʱ漣˵ڻܼ漣ء
춼֪ԼڰοسڰοԼ


479 ˵һ
سҲǿЦһҡҡͷ¡
ϵܣ㣬ЩһٴΪ𾪣ţΪٴη
ָ۾΢΢رţƺʲôƬ̺۾΢΢Ȼ˵
ԶĹ죬ʱǿЦʱ֪ΪΣҲ
ˣ쿴ˣһʮֱ֣ǰˣ
ʱһ·Ⱥд
Ȼû˵κ˵֣˵񾭼ͬʱסԼͬĻϵаȥѰһ֡
ĳˣǰһ־һʮ֡Ҳԣһ־ͻɱֻѪħǡ
˭˵ԱѪħɱ˵ģֻóϵģһǧ𣿳ֻҪСʱܽȫԽ³ܻ֣ᱻԸֱӳԽ
ûԲĵһǽе͵ֻչ¶âһصʱ򣬳ΪԼĺţˣ󣬳ֶֻʱ䣬ֱӽˣֻܻ֮ࡣ
˵̫ˣǳϴ϶ҲᱻԸݺݵزڽ¡ԵĻֲ϶κ⡣
ڶֳ֧Եŵӣ׷Ǵ
ĹƨȻеʵܹϣ˵ôа
ߡЩôʵ߽״ʦûﵽ
ҲھֶΣȻôܻѪħǵĶ֡
ٷԵҲЩӲֳ֧ϣǿ߳ԡ
ЩԺԶɣҲЩԻɻǳصĵӣ֮Կ߳ԣǼʳԵʵǿҲǵĳԵŻԺвǡ
٣˵ʲôֵǰ˵Ȼ˵ųĻ㵱ǰ𣿡
ԵģСȫң˵ų˵һ顣
˵Щϻʲôֱӷ
ڶ࣬вһЩʹģѾɥʧ˲μӰٳѡεʸǱ濴ţûвμӰ׳ѡΡ
еܹǵ˵ԵĻǱ˵ǳĻҪǷŭ
ʱ˵Щͨĵӣŵƽ˵ԵĻǶ޷˵ĳȥƴ
ţô£ôЩɧˣ
̨ϣΪͻȻǰٶ˷ͣͻȻлźʱüͷʵ
ʱһߵƽ̣ģո˵ԵĻ˵ʵΪã˱һЩֶΣŻɱѪħǡЩΪʹˣܲμӰٳѡεˣͷŭˣЩ˲ͻˡ
ˣⲻڹȥһ£ЩʲôݣǲͼµġʲôֱӴá
¶һ˿ŭһ˵
⻰ɫһ䣬⻰ǾǼ˵˰
ҲֻǹԼˣڳڹĿеĵλ޿ȡ˭ҪǸ˵Ի϶ݺݳΣ⼸ȴȥ˵ԵĻôŭ˹졣
سҲεҡҡͷû´ĻЩ˵ıӦǺԶɺͻɡ
Сѣڵˣ治ǲŵ㣬ʱǡ
һͲѺԶɺͻɵ¡
ֵ»ɣԺƨɡ
سЦţ⻹ǵù׿˵æƨɵ˰
ϸ룬ڵĳԼϵŵ裬ѰζŵĵӶڹעԳԶżȤ
ˣˣʱ䣬ٵ֣ʮֻѪħǰѾǰˣҪ˵ʱɱڶֱ׷һĳϡ
ʱʣ²ʮӣҪͰ
϶Գϵġ
ſɣһγһֿһ漣
ųֵڶٴηһޱȣԼƵġ
쿴ˣһҲٷ֣һǧˣֱ˵ڶ
ǳϲ֪ǲǴ˼ѪǵԽԽˣѾﵽһˡ
ģǼһʲô̥ǵô졣
һĿ˵ӻǰʮ˶л߼¼
ǸϣȻô
̨棬Ҳս֣һЩ֮ɫ
ģЩĺڣʮǰһΣϵĴţǳϱضĹŻʧػһš
ľţ˵ӿǬԪޣΪΣܻıŵˡ
ϣǺǣϵһ΢һЩϵܣͷӶûʸȥ㡣ڳϵǰ񰡡
˹룬΢΢̣мЦš
ԳҲǺ˽⣬ǳһ£ϵܣǳܴ⣬ǰ˵˳ӿǬԪ׼ȷ˵Ӧޣֱӷ
ݵĶɣʲôڣ
˲󣬵ȴǳǸڰĴڣ׵ɡ
ԵݣȻǸɵ
ƽ̣ոǼӵʱ򣬷ǾȻǱԷͽŵˣȻѾǿƽǸϳţԷͽſ϶ưոݡҵǲģǵϴ¡뷽ȴ洫ԺǰʮˣʱͻƵʦΪŵĸƽ̡
ʱϻص˹󣬵˵


480 ô
üͷ΢΢һ壬ɿȻˣˣǰɣֻҪǱ̫־У̫ˣ˵ڻûгΪƽ̣ǳΪ˸ƽ̣ҲԳ֡¶Գ˵ҲþͲǺ£ո齨ãܾԷĥһɳӦþ͸Щˡ
ȻƽѾ˴㣬Ҿͷˡ
ϵ˵ͷ˻ȥ
ܰҲЩˣܲԼӦǿɾҪԼı¡쿴ڵڶ֣˵
ˣողűԽһΣֱԽˣò˻ˣ
ѪħУ۷˴һƬСУݺһȭһô棬ҡҡλΣ֨졣
ǺǣԽͱԽ£ǰʮˡοǲܳ洫ԺҲֱȥ洫ԺμԺˣǵʵȫɵؽ洫Ժ
۷Ҳǳơ
տʼʱĻֻڵʱͦ˵ģΪԼڿԴˡ
ɻûãͱߵطֱ֣ӾͳԽ˵
⼸ʱֳָֽ֣Σӵص˵ߣֵܣҲֱǵڰ˵ھŵʮ
ȻڻǰʮȴǲҴ⣬Ϊھٳѡλʮӣǲұ֤ûܹǡ
ʱǰʮסܹ洫ԺҲ൱ض
ĸĸǳŵһģڽأǵʦ濴ǵǵɡǵĿǵһǰʮҪסˡôȥʦͣ
ǷƵ˵
ֵҲüͷȴûκεذ취
۷ҲǳĬ
ԣǳŵһģİٳѡУĸһϣõһȴǰʮЩΣˡ
û´ĻӦþǳԵĹģ⵽׶ʲô̥Լ֣µҲô֡
һȭڵϣ൱ơ
ʵⲢֱܹˣҪֻܹԼ
ʱ۷ͻȻ̧ͷ˵ĸ˴Сţûоʲôĥѣʦָ£Ҳһ·ƽ΢һ˿ĥѣͳ׽Ǹ򵹡ԣǸ÷˼һˡ
ʲô˼
üͷ
۷΢΢һЦѪǶǶԣȻǷǳΣգϸһ룬γһأ
˵۷ֶʵҲ˵ڻֻǾŽ׳ڴʦΪﵽŽ۷ʦӦЩʱ˰ɡ
ǵģһǰѾﵽŽ۷ʦˣҪﵽʦѶʵ̫ص㲻ҲǱչһͻƵʦ𣿡ͷ˵
Ǻǣ츳ǻҪǿչһͻƵʦҲ츳΢ЩѵͲѰ𣿡
۷ĿԼԼܹܵϢǵؽѪħǣѾû·Ҫôֻǰʮ֮ΣҪôǾɱ֣ΣѰͻƵͷȱ첲ȣҲҪҧȥ
˵棬۷۾΢΢ƺһشϣɱ֮͸¶
˼ǣȥѪħѪսһ𣿡
оԼѪҺͻȻǰ붼飬۷һ˵ڵѪҺֱӹ̡ڣб¶޾ս⡣
ضҲֱվģټ⣬ƴˣǰʮòҲûȥʦˡ
ãȥɡҪ֪һľӢǿˣҲô׵ؾͲͷϡ
۷һ֣ȳȥڵԪ˲߶˼¡
ЩѪħǵʵȷǲرѪħǵߣҲѶʱɱȥҲѻɱ㹻Ѫħǣϰ
һǰѪħնڽ£üͷ˵
ھԶصҲڲϵնɱѪħǣ󷨵İɱѪħӦ֣֮ǰ֪˶٣ҲǻǣҪˡ
ҲҪƴһˣֻаԼأܹصõ
ǰĽֻѪħǣ촽ֱӳɱȥ
ݣ
һѪħǣԱ͵ػӳͬ䣬Ѫħǵϡ
ֲεĽͻ˲Ѫħǵķǵʹ
ءء
ѪħȻûˣҵʹǼĵҰԺɱ׷׿ųǰĳɱȥ
˸ȥһ˶ԲɱϰͷѪħǣĽడ
ص㿴ųԶԳϰͷѪħǣƤɵһǲǷˣһͷѪħǣǶ׵ʦ԰
Ͳ±ѪħǸ˺ɷ飿
ҪҪȥæʱȴǷԼȷЩˡ
ΪԽתʩչѪħǸ޷壬½ǶѪħǵУȴܹѪħǷһδԽͺĹ
͡͡
Ѫħ룬ÿһȥһ˿Ѫ⣬ȻѪħǽɱÿһܹһѪħˡ
ʮͷѪħǵ˳ԵĽ¡
ȻԵüͷȴ
ΪٶɱȥԼ޷Խϡ
ڱϰͷѪħǰΧסʱѾɱѪħǣͷѪħǣҲܹȥ硣
ϸ˵Լģ
ңԼʵȥߵĻֲֻԽԽ


481 û˿ߣ
ʹþ֮԰ɣ
оⱬ䣬ǲԼľ֮һ׹ֱӴĶͷмһİɫ޽ǰһȺѪħǵͷն¡

һȻͻһǰһȺѪħǸӦӬ㱻ݺݵУһ졣
Ѫɽ
һ֮£ʮֻѪħǱԸն˽¡
ѪħǵʵȻǿЩǲֶսĻʹþ֮һҲܻɱôࡣֻǸտʼ
΢ſЩģҲֻһɱʮֻѪħǣлܹ׷ϳϰ
ۿ㿪Ұɣʲô⣬Ȼô󣬺һнԿȶ׵ʦȫһҹʽ൱أ׵ʦҲþܼس
ص㿴һĻӵɵϴ󣬸Ͳ֪ʩչʲô
æųԷӹȥʱֲҴŵԣֻվһϸؿš
ſţɫԽΪãʩչĶһַǳǳϤĸо
ʩչĵʲôһͶʱŵúϲ£һ񡭡֮ľ֮ҵ죬Ȼܹ˴һ֮һ˰ɫôܣ
صĿ΢΢һ£һ˿תһ͸õĽǰƮţһγɵľ֮
֮ȻҲһֶֹΣҿڹؼʱ̸һĸ˾֮Ľߣôʹþ֮Ѿ֮޽ʹһǳ͵İɫ޽찡ôģ
ص㶼Ҫˣھ֮൱ΪһѾ˾֮Žߣص֪֮Ȼ󣬵Ҳֻ˵
ܹ㽫֮޽ʹã˿ѷɫһĺ׹ʶ㣬Ҳûû˵
ɱֻɱѪħǣҲſԻøĻ֣ӶԽϣȡһ
γһҲֹΪ˲ʧűס棬һҪսһԼҾͲţҳԣΨһӡӵţٳѡεĵһò
κͼ赲ǰˣͳͳҪնɱΨɱƣ
ϲ϶ӿһɹɱ¾֮ںˮ뵽ڵɷһǳ׵ر˳ԪеɷҲӿ糱ˮ㸲ǿС
Ϊ̫ѪħǣѪ֮ڰγɵһѪ·ܵĳĺ׷׵سųԵХȥ
⣬ЩѪ֮Ұ۵ģȻ˸ˡҪֹˣɲȷһܲסǶᱻֱɣҲβˡ
ռ䵱УϻòһĻʱһҪԡ
ȵȣЩѪ֮ƺ˸ˡ¾¾ڿʱصת¾ˣ¾ŴѪɷ֮ãڽѪ֮תΪԼ
һϻǰϻøסӦһ𾪵˵
¾
ϻüͷ΢΢һ塣
ͷûǰʶûú󣬾͸׹¾һΪĹҵҲֻǽ쵽۷Σ޷ͻƵ񼶡ֻǽ¾ԭʼ״̬ĹȴǿԼŬ¾˺ס߱Լãȵ˻Ҫöడ
ѵ˵лᳬԽ߸ˣ
ϻһ
ҾͲǺȷˣָоƬأҲˡƽʱʲôУȴһֶǿҿΡоΪƬؼǿĴʱΪ׷ǿƬ죬ᱻͱƣ˵
ͱƣ
ϻ˴͵С
磬ѾԼǻӳڼˣֻڷ·òԪԪϲԾؾͳС
ɱ
¡¡
͡
ÿһκ£ԱȻصػӳһ
еĽ齣һɫľ֮
ÿһȫӳƽƽһȴǼſµܣлѪɷֱ֮Ѫħǵꡣ
һֻֻѪħڳԵĹ£ϵص£ѪȾ˵棬ǲ֪ƣؼϵѪħǸܼĵطȥ
ѪħȻûǻۣҲǿ꣬һЩеǱʶ󷨽ܶеѪħǶֿЩѪħǿͬոͬԼ֮ͬûУȻᱻŵжԶܶԶ
ڼ䳽Ҳ˲ٵѪħǵߣѪħǵ߲ͬͨѪħǣſǻۡ
տʼѪħʱ͵ϮɱһһʮֻѪħʱûܽЩѪħȫնɱˣֻ
ȻֻֻֻѪħһܣǾ˴Ѫħߣʼ֯Ѫħߡ
Ѫ󸲸㷺ǺǿѪħߣȻǷߵѪħԽԽ١
ʱѾضѪħǵʬ塣
ɫӰںиѪħǵҶſһ׵ʦʵļľͷˡ
ӣĿܼ֮أеѪħǱҪͳͳɱ
˵ɱĻɢƥѪɷϢȥħΪֻɱ˵Ĺ֡
Ե˫ȴ峺ϴ˿ûħ֢״
¾ˮɷѾγһֶصķܱȡ


482 ɱ¾֮
ಣ
磬ֱǰߵһȺѪħǡ
Զվԭصص㣬˿Ѿǵɴӣ΢΢ţǱɵƵġ
ģֵʵȻô¡ҺֵĻһͱɱѪħˣһֻֻǸࣿ
ص㿴żǰȥĳԣ𾪡Ȼ
֪ԵʵǺεȿ¡
紫ǿ˵ɱǸӵĵʦϵʦֻбŰɱķݣ
˸ҵص˵⻰صһԥغݺݳӡ
ֱǷƨ
ʵ˵һ׵ʦ¾Ƕ׵ʦûĶ֡
ص㺧Ȼģǳǿֲٶȡ
Ȳ֮ǰ紫ųԵʵн״ʦһµ滹Ǽ٣ڳԶǰͿ˳ԵΪﵽ˰˽״ʦȻ²ŹȥʮӣϵϢǲϵţǾԪͬʱ
Ӹտʼİ˽׳ڣһ·˽ڡ˽׺ڣڣѾǴﵽ˰˽۷ʦ
̶ʮӣΪʹӰ˽׳˽۷ʦԿ϶ǣʮӵʱû̷κһŵҩ
˵ҩûһ̡
û˵ȷԼʵʵطԼǰص㶼ҪΪԼС
ô
ʱ䳡ˣ޲𾪵վӣڵڶ֣Щ
ǧˣһΣȻһǧܻѾ򣬾ֻʣ²һ򡣡
ʣʮӣտʼǻֲʱﵽ˽һ壬ڻֲԽԽٶȼ٣ʮӣһ
һϵĻȻǵúܿ죬ҲԽԽ죬ԻֵٶȴԽԽ죬ܳϣϲȵڶ

ŵеӣٴεطһαǰһλҪ
һ۾ųԵĻϵĻ֣ҲͬڿֻҪ΢һЩͻᱻϸ
ʮӵʱ˵һּ尾
尾ͬʱǷԼѪҺֱӹޱȵطš
ϵܣҾ֪˶һȻûʧԽԽˡ
ź룬ϼЦ⡣
ȴˣǰΪѾ𾪵ʱ򣬳ֺݺݵؽһѣһϹﶼŵվ
֣ԲɣҾ֪ǰǹ͵ġŲţ϶ԳԽϡ
쿴ԵĻַһؿ⡣
سεҡҡͷǣԵȻԳԽˡ
Ȼ˵ţسȴЩơ
տʼָĶصܹõһȴԼĶӾȻֻǳǰ
Ҿڶһǲһǰ㣬˼ҵܻ֣ѾļʮˣϾҪĵ˸Խ
Ѫħ
һƬսĵش
ϾվһƬѪУմѪһѪ˰㡣
ΧΧѪħǣվǰֻѪħǣθߴ󣬳ףȻѪħǵߡ
ֻǴʱЩѪħǣͨѪħǻѪħߣ޲ǿ־ؿųϣһЩʵ΢Щģ嶼Щ
ڸոգǰɱɱƾȫҲᱻԷһնΡ
ˣӦöڴųԳԽҰɡǺǣû´ڷ׷ңһֺҵĲѾǺܴҪԽңǺǣھǿҳʵ
Ҫµһûܹߣ
һĨмĻȣƶȻһ䣬һذĿֲƣϺХ
¡¡
һذƴӳϵɢʱͷϷ·ϵըţԲʮ˲úڰ·ĩս٣Ϣ
𡭡
ء
ΧѪħԼѪħߣ޲Ǵ˻޾ľš־壬Ĵܣͼط
ѪħȻûǣطȻᵽŨŨϢ
ټȥ󽫻ᱻͳͳնɱ
ûκԥʱΧѪħǣԳϵһУѡӴܣû˿Ŀ֮ġ
ܣͳͳѣΨ㣬֮⣬֮
·죬Ʈ裬е淺Ѫ⣬һֱѪħȺУѪ졣
һֻֻѪħǵʬƬ£ѪħҶ˼Ʒֽ䵱С
ҪԽңܡҳϲģʮǰҴĳ裬ҽһҪֻɱ赲ҵˣͳͳնɱ
ٶȳХһѪ֣һħոһʻ
ৣ
䳡ϣĻеһ֣˲վֱӣӿֳŨŨ𺳡Ȼ
ôܣһ̶֣̲ӵʱ䣬ϵĻ־Ȼһ㣬ٶһϣڸɱѪħѵѪħߣ赲һĽŲ
ǿʵ̫ǿˣǸ߽׵ʦһѵʵʵﵽʦ
Ҷˣ֪ΪʲôնɱѪħǵٶ֮ˡɱɱɱɾʦһҲһƬɱ֮ɱأɱ
̨ϣһЩΪǿĸ֣һ󣬱˲ס
һǵѾд𾪡
ΪӳͻȻǵĻϣȻһ㣬Ǳǰߵĵ
һɱ¾ֲ֮ħɱ¾ףȴɱ¾


483 Ψ֮
ֵƿ£žܡ
һʦɱ¾Ҳֻһ¡
ɱ¾֮ģȴֻһͲʮͷ꣬һССĳ׵ʦ
˲˾κˣƽ
ţ

˴˿̣ʲôĴ壬ݳϵ츳
츳ܹӵС
֣ϷһЩҲҪıԴ̬ˡǱҪ˵Ҫ˶ãΪӿػ񡣡
س³һԼƽһԵĹ˵
ػô
쿴ڲԶͬ𾪵ͷ츳̫ҵԤˣСС;ȻϣǶ޷׵ɱ¾֮ɱ¾ȴΪɱ¾ɱȴħţ½ѵóһɡ
ʱĹѾޱȵľϲܣԼѾҫһ̡
ҲӿֹٵţЩ˿̵ĳϣȴө֮£˺ֹǧ
ңһŵУһ֮⣬һѾŵš
ϡ
Ԫӵߡ
˵ɱ𺧣˼ɿԪ½궼ѵóһεʣ΢ʱ䣬ȻԳΪ½ϵĶǿߡ
ڳԣȻ첻֪жٵƣ֮Ŀȴǵ֪϶ԣƺӿóԡ
֣ұҪܹع֮ܲ޷عܲҾĿġ
ͻȻس˵
سЦҡҡͷˣ֪ѳȥҲֻǵ̸Ųܰ
űܲس֪Ҳֻеܲչ¶â׵سɳΪһ
óϽſԣиԺعܲˣҲҪӿţ弸̫ϳפ⣬Σ
سһϼ޻ӣЦŵ
Цһһܹܲһӿţɼ̫ϳפڴˡ
ڶ˵̸ȻڶУȴѹûᣬüͷ΢΢ţĻϷ֣û뵽ϾȻȱ£ǳҵԤϡ֪ϵܲת棬һʣʮ˰ϵٲĻһͺˡ
ʱ򣬼ûٶԳԱϣ볽ϤʶˣȴִֵΪĵһȻǳԡ
оͰŷ塢򽣣ԼһЩδμӰٳѡεԱ
ǿҪ㹻ǿõĻᣬһõĻҵʵҽ̤۷壬뱣ߵÿһˡ
ѪħУһƬ޾ѪУԻԡѪűѪħʬǣ֫壬ʤ
͡
ԺһУʱռ䣬Ժֻһ¡
նɱǰѪħǣѪ֮¾дתΪΪԪ뾫ʵϵ
ֻʵնɱѪħǣʵõѸٵ
Ψɱ
ɫƽһⲻϵشлն׹Ѫɽ
ǧʬףȴһ΢顣
ݡ
һĪĽʩչⲢԼĽΪʵͨƷŲϣһּȲʵĸо
ɳȴȫС
ǳԣڳۿص㣬ͬǳ˳ԵÿһеС
һʵĽУ·̲ǧ
ʵû뵽ͨĽȻܹӳǿһȥûжѪħǵߣҪ¡⾳Ľ⣬ܹеʮ֮һҵʵȻԳɱ
صڳ󣬸᲻뿪һٲȻԼںδٳѡҪҲ֮Ժ
ҪľǸڳ󣬿ųһеĽӳϣܹһЩ
ΪбǴСҲأҲأͬΪϣһ֮䡣
նɱѪħ֮䣬ԵԺͻȻðһĪĶ˼άȴǰδеһΣعҰŪ
Ҫѹңұ㽫֮նҪңұ㽫֮֮أΨĶѡΨ֮䣬ն֮
Ȼ䣬ĿɨǰǧѪħǣһӿһȦȦ׹⣬һصĸо
һ̣һĽȻϱ
ննأնɱΨ㣬Ψ֮
Ŀǰһӳת׹ںХϯ˷
ݣ
һȳط·Ϊ֮һǾֹֻʣ½ƿ֮
¡¡
һ̣һҵĺȻܱߵĿռ価ݣһȦȦۿɼɢŨԪŽĽ·һݣ֮С
ڴ˿̣ԲһڵֻѪħԼѪħߣͫ׵нǱ¶ޱȵĿ־塢
һ̣ٲȻǲϢ١
ĹǸ˿ĵֿ
ء
һֻֻѪħǷ˻ޱȵĿ־壬ǷſٶӴܣ٣ԪǱǷ֣ԼȻ˲նƬѪɽ֫׷ɡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ߵֻޣ


484 Խ
ԶѪħǿһĻ޲¶ǰδĿֻšη壬æ߶ԶȥҪ˵أⲽ˺󳾡
ЩѪħȻûǣʾǾͲηͿ״
ɱ¾ԼǵԣǱøͣǱɱǱ˵ˣַ뷨Уֻѡ

Ȼ˿ȴӶӲߣΪڷԲ֮ڣѾϻõ󷨡
Ǻ޹µӴܣֱӽ󷨸״ȻСֱܹӽǻɱȴ赲סǵĽŲӶûߡ
ΨĽȻôǿһȻǲɱĸһҲûһߣпܳΪһɱ¾֮ҲΪɱ¾Ҳʲôɱ¾֮ҳԵĵֻΪΪǿ֮ˣ˲˺ΨģΨңһƬأֻҳһ˵ƬأҲҡ
ԵĿƽȴ͸˿˿ļᶨ
ɱ¾ǿʵδʧɱ¾УҲδжɱ¾̰Ǽ׷ʵ˵˼롣

ĿܿѪѪ֮ɨӣֱӽ¾תſеѪ֮תΪΪۻԪ;

һ˿Ѫ֮壬תںϺɢϢ˲䱩ǣͻ˰˽۷ʦ˾Ž״ʦС
ˣԾʦֻ֮һ׼
ھڶؿ˽ʮʱ䣬ʮʱұҪͻƵʦҵΪһΡ
ԽӹļľͷռݹѪħҶȫ뵽˼Ʒֽ䵱УĿⶸȻǰѪħǣһӶ
ΨġΨңȴ˼ˣʵȴ߳һԼĵ·Ӵ˲﷨Լǿ֮п̤۷ǿߵСص֮ǰΪͻƵʦմմϲֻǾ֮ܣû֣ҽֻܳΪӿ۷ǿߡ˳֣ҽĴƼһǹ̤۷壬Ϊһǿߡ
ص㿴ųԳѪħȺеӰشӴлع
ųԵһޱȾ޴ĳͺһˣڿһȷ·꣬˽ķһͨʥ֮·ķ
ҵĽҲΪԼսҲԼĽԼĵɱ
صֻ˼άޱƶϤһУת֮䣬Ȼ͵ؼ٣ϢȻǣڴ˿̴ﵽ˶׵ʦĲΣһ޴ĲΡ
ص㲢δ˶񣬷·ûзһ㣬ؿ۳ԣֱתһߵѪħȺɱȥ
˿䳡ϣѾǳ죬˶ǵɴ۾Ļϵ֣д𺳡
찡⵽ĻǼٵģһԾȻǧ֣ٴν˽һˣôģ
ٰ֮һϢ֮ǧ࣬ѵѪħǵҶոһԶƷֽ𣿡
ȳϻҪ찡ⶼһȺʲôѵѪħǶվɱ𣿾վɱһ֮Ҳ޷ɱ˼ֻѪħǰ
ŵĵѾؿڣǷԼޱȿ٣ҪಡˣͲǰһĻġ
ǣ̨ϵĹسҲͬŴͣոǶԳѾˣת֮䣬ԵĻ־Ȼֱǧֱ࣬ӽٶС
ңû٣ûйóԵĻ
سæתͷ촫ʵ
첢δΪسðĻǻعͷϸ룬һе㻳ԼǲİֳϹ֣õһ
ϸȷԼȷûаæףһرָǿһҪñԹ͸Բ˿֣֮ǰûеһʱľѾǿϲŸġ
֣ҷǳȷԼ϶һ˵Ļ֣ȫʵġֻҲܲףΪγԵĻ֣ͻȻֱ֮࣬ǱȳϻҪ°
ҡҡͷʾʮֵز⣬ȴޱȿܣΪ֪һŹƻõţǳһ
ûõһǿɾ˹ˣѵҲɱ¾֮Բһ֮նɱ˰ֻѪħǣǶ˵ĻֶѾˣȻֻʣʮӣһӵʱ䣬ֶܹһ򣬶һԽԽ࣬ѵ˶Ҫ𣿡
֪ûõһسΪɱ¾֪Ϊֻͣ˵峽ΪܹһԻôĻ֡
Ҳ֪ûɱ¾֮ɱ¾֮һ㶼ѷɫˡ
ʵ챾˵Ӧûɱ¾֮ûеĻֲ֪ǰβܹһԻ˶ֵģɴ಻ȥ˵εڶصĿ˽֮һҪҳϸ̸̸
Ѿ¶ģһҪóԡ
϶ԴŻЩ٣Ժ֮ȴδκìܣѾΪ˱ֳһЩ⣬ǲǸЩʲôźá
ǧĻ֣ϵܰҪͷӵಡ
ԼؿڣĻ϶ȻǵĻ֣ҡͷ겻ѡ
ŷԼˣһԺ
һֱԳԱžԵġ
һ̣ûʧ
쿴ˣӵʱ䣬Ͼ˽ǧˡгҲˣǧ֡
ǧˡ
ǧˡ


485 ڶؿ˽
ĻϵĻֱ仯еĵȫޱȻңŵĸ߲㲢δȥ㣬Ǵ˿Ѿȫ˴͵С
ǳϻǳԣÿһλٳѡεУȫûкĵһ
ڴ˿̣Щǽֻ˰ӵʱ䣬ֱˣÿһεĻԽԽࡣ
رǳԣһǧ֣İٳѡεУ˵ûֹ붼ȥ롣
ǧ㰡ĵһ֪˶ٱ
ԽˣԵְܻǧİپʮ㣬ȳٵˡ
ʱ䵽ʱ䳡ڰ˲󣬳׵طޱȻ𱬡
һ̣˶оѪҺڷȼա
ʵ̫ˡ
ԹȻǼһﰡ֪ôģȻԳԽϡ
ҡͷ겻ѡ
ҵĶҲܵһЩӦǸһɣҵҪúõظлһˣȻܹҵĶʵȥ
Ȼ˵Ŀⶼۼ˳Ժͳ϶˵棬سȴصĻֱ仯
˶ں϶˵ʱسлΪɬģտʼΪһٳѡλصһ˵ıݣȴؾȻ˴͵ġ
صûسʧʮӵʱǰߵĻۿžҪʮ˳ԽʱȻǵüѸ٣ȻûгԺͳ϶ǰ̬Ҳسһϲˡ
س֪ĶӱȻ˲٣صڲμӰٳѡ֮ǰΪѾǴﵽһƿʱͻƲˣ϶ǳԸһЩдʵٶͻͽ
ԴԣسԼѾ˷ָм֮ġ
ȻԽˣ
ѪħУȫɱѪħеĳϣյϵͳһʾϢ֪ԼԽ䵽ڶ˱ǻعüͷ΢΢š
ܷԲʮ֮䣬ѪħǵʬףҲѪȾ죬ͬһѪˣȴȻ˳˼
ΧѪħǼɱûټɱæٶȳԶӴܿȥ
ɱѪħǵٶȣԼɱ¾֮ûֵٶȣǸ߽׵ʦҲҿ졣طǸ߽׵ʦҲȥɱѪħǻûˡСӵĻ־Ȼܹңǲ˵ĻѾﵽ˰ǧࣿô
Щ󣬳ϵϹһĨ֮ɫĲһõһˣ治֪ǵƤôô񣬾Ͳ˿ôǺǣڶΣҳȻһĿǴŵҴھûܻõһҵĿĵǴﵽˡ
ҵʵѾﵽ۷ʦٸʮʱ䣬Ҿܹʦ֮ʱһ̫ϳϣȥҴķǰͷǸ
˫΢΢𣬶ټȥ룬Ȼֱϥ£ȴʱĽ
˴˿̣ٲȻǷ˵һᡣ
Էֻ֣١ΨģΨҡ
Է·һУ׵سʵУָо᲻ó
һΣڶΣⶼҪġҪģǿʵƽҸ֡Ҫǿʵȥδɵ£ҪǿʵȥҸֲκ⡣ţһõҪҸ֣
ٲȻɱܱʬǳɽѪɺأԹһ˿͵΢Цһ΢顣
ţһɡ
ĿǰǧֻѪħǣƮƮһӳһ΢ĺһŰ׹˲串סǧֻѪħǡ

ǧֻѪħǣ˲ըѿѪ졣
Ҳû룬ֱӽЩѪ֮սڣתΪ˾
ꡭ
ںһ΢ϵϢȻǣӾŽ۷ʦȻһ׵ʦС
ݣ
ɡ
ͣ϶齣뵽˽ʵУ֮ʣܵ齣дݶһ˿ᡣ
ϻưɱ¾飬ΪηҪѡ֮ɱҺҲͬ˾Ѫ𣬵ǲܶɱʧȥѾʧȥҪǰһֱԺ󡣳ǻᱨҪϻƣǲңһг𱨳жҪִš
ظ齣ܵʬɽѪεҡҡͷ
齣Եһ󣬷·˼Ȼƽûһ˿ɱϢ͸¶
ӹļľͷռǧֻҶҡͷһЦֱӽ֮뵽˼Ʒֽ䵱УĬĬվڶؿϾҪˡ
ϷˣԵĻһֱӷˣûһ׷ϵ˼ѵĵڶ𣿡
ӦΪŰеɣԸûȥ׷˼û׷ȻĻЩˣͲǳԵĶ֡
ǰڵڶؿϾҪˣԵĻѾ˽ʮ򣬾׷ĻҲʮɡ
ʵ˭ǵһ˭ǵڶ˶һ漣ˡǴ漣ûܹƣǳԻǳϣŵҫ
û
ܹĵӣձ黹ǱȽϸߣȻֻǵڶǲδ˶ǽϵһ
쿴쿴ԵĻˣۿһ֣Ȼһһ֡
찡ûпȻһһ֡
̫뺷˰ɣԺŵʦʦǻװż񣿡
Ͳܹ΢͵𣿡


486 ص
ʱ̣Ȼһ֣ȫ˼һĻ
СӣǴ˲ƽ̵Ķˡ
ȻЩգϵȴǳϲܡ
һе𾪺˷ܼûһࡣ
ԺͳȻܲصĶҲû̫ǱסˣһֻͣȻǧ֡ٺ١
سҲǳϲȴΪصʮʱı̶֣ʮʱ˳ǧĻ֣صοѡ
죬Ҳ漣Ĵڡ
ڽ죬Ĺâͳ׵رԺͳ̥ˣ˵ĻֶصʮϣĶʮ౶
ڽˣģȥͷҪˡ
һڹȥڶؿ˻Ͼ仰ǳ˿浣ĿٳһЩʱ䣬ԼҪಡ
ô̼ĻٺҲ޲
ݡ
ľУһâ˸еĿ˳Ա뿪ѪħһѪ͸Ӱ֣ʱЩӰѾֻʣ˲ǧˣĿ˵Ѫħгܲסǰ뿪Ѫħ򣬿ʧܡ
ųû°ɣ
ԣô
һ뿪Ѫħе˱ѰҳԵӰܿǾͿֳ齣һѪ˰ĳԣæ˹ȥһޱȹĵʵ
ϵǽѪħѪħʵޱǿ󣬿ڵѪħп϶ǾһޱѪȵɱǵȳȻޱߣǶޱȵĹġ
رǰʩǧŮӣĿж˿˿ˮ
УϣоգɳڱضѪħǵһˣ϶Σޱȡ
Ҫ֪ѪħǵʵǿǿȵʦĴڣǿޱȡ
û£Ҳðɣ
һĵףůģֻԼһжֵõģô˹ԼʲôɲŬ
û¾ͺá
˶˿ŮվڳߣЦųǿǳõܹʮӣʮһǧʮ˵֣ҵڶؿǰʮǾռĸ
ûʧɣ
Ե˵ͷʵĵ⡣
ٺһЦΪ㣬Ϊ㣬߶ʮһ˳ˡ
Ǿͺã
һҲǸֳһ˿Ц⡣
ΪĵģгԱ˵ûһ߶ûгһֻһЩ˵ģʱ˿ͷʮ쵼ûֵ𣬶һԲõ
֣лл㡣
ʱԶص˹ųԹع˹֣ŨŨĳ⡣
ɻصֺγԣΪҪлң
صһЦҵΪѾһȶڣʱ䲻ǰʩչһȻԭ֮ǰߵȫ·ҪĻҽɾ;ޡΪ㣬ҲΪ࣬ɾͣǳ͡
Ŷд£лңⶼԼԣԲ㣬㡣
ԵͷЦЦҲܵصľ˲٣Ҵʱص˷â֮ǰǰϢһѧʦһۿǿ
Ǿ֮Ϊôʮֹ
صҡͷһЦû˵ٲȻǽԵָ·ˣĶʦ
֣и󣬻ϣܴӦ
صͻȻ˵
Цлֱ˵ɡ
ص˵ͷϣ׼Ҽ뵽УӽΪһԱ
صڵ֪һԶʱ˵ľ
ΪǼᶨһ뷨Ϊ볽ԽãΪԼԺΪҪ뵽Уڳߡ
ص㲻෴ܴȻҲؾܹʦ硣
Ϊ˸ϵžҪڳߡ
Ӹո˵Ļг˳֮⣬Ȼĸ˽ǰʮƶһ㣬ɳٶ൱֮죬ʹɳѸٵԭ򣬿϶ڳϡ
ţڳߣΪҲһԿ
ǽԼһſֵָ㣬ΪǿΪӿһ֣ãбȻкܶ˳Խӿһʵͽ
˵ΪʲôҪڳߡ
Եû뵽ص㾹ȻҪʮ˸ֱɵۡ
ص˭
ϿȥֻǸŵʦʵϣݿ൱֮ߣӿ˵ǿϵĵλҲûߡ
һȻ󳽻ԴӦ뵽ȥ
Ҫ֮ǰ붼ȥ롣
ĴţʵǱŻҪһġ
ڴ˿̣ȻҪ뵽Уһ롣
Ͽص㣬ĿͻȻ˸֪Щʲô
֣㲻ڸҿЦɣǴ𣬶ҵֻǸСĻǻġ
üͷ˵
ĻʵصݵȷǺܸߣӿĴ
صæȻڿЦܹ뵽Уе飬ص㶼ӳֵĺҾҾֻҪ㲻Ϊ֮£ҾһüͷҶһɱϺԶɻ߻ɣҲɱȥ


487 
صĻƴԶ˵Ӷˡ
һʱ䣬˷׷ײĿߡ
ոǸ˵˭˵ص㣿Ҫ뵽ԵУıضӳԵҿ⵽ĻǼٵģص㰡ǿӿһȨ˰
ô£صôͻȻ˵Ҫ뵽ȥˣӱ¿˲ɣ
ţ𣿲ǳ˳ԡʮŵ洫ԺԶصôżһС
ҿӿ϶Ǳŷˡ
Ŀ˵Ц
ǿô
Ǹսˣ벻ǵķۡ
Щ˵Ȼδ뵽ŵУе˽齨ŻﻹЩ˽ģҲ׼Ƚź󣬾ͻѡһЩǿ롣
ȴڰٳѡλδص㣬һŵʦǿʵĸ֣ȻѡһոԴҲ벻Եɣֻ˵صԴŷˡ
ص
ǰָصĻϲ¶Щ˼
ʱ䳡ϣ˿ĻϵһĻסˣλز
ص㾹ȻҪ뵽ȥɵ˻զˣ
ڶ֪˳ԵĿ£Բδ˵ʲôҲ벻ס
ϾصݰǿӿʵȨ
֣û뵽ɣĶӾȻҪ뵽Եȥôǲ˳ӣ
쿴ĻϵصԣЦ˵
سȴǲ죬ϷһĨοˣЦСӳҲٹˣӲˣԺôô
ʵس֮ǰһ뷨ǾǵȰٳѡνǲǸúص£ص뵽ԵУĥĥ£ʱЩص᲻̫⣬ڿĶӹȻûʧȻǸ뵽һȥˡ
쿴سӣҲ㶣سʱôЦóҲȥʡ
ãȻѶҾͬӽǴҾֵܡ
ԴصУҲܵһֿʱҲûȥܾˣǸոշչ֮ʣҪѪҺļ룬صӿһĶ֣û̥һٳѡεĵһصĪ
ʮ˼ͬ⣬һǸصһ֣иּ뵽Ǿǽʵһ̨ˡ
ǿ൱ص뵽ĺôǲɹġ
Ͼݰӿ
ǺԶ뻪ҪԸҲҪúõ˰ɣ
֣ص㶼ͬˣᷴҼɣ
ʱվһԵĿͻȻЦ

εҡҡͷҪٵȾʦͬɣ
Կ֪ӵſԪ壬ض俴أ˵ͻ
ϺٺЦͲõˣʦ͸˵ȥ滹ôģҵ⣬ֻҪܸ߾ˣɲչܵ
ԣԲɵط˸ۣȴЩôġ
ǾˣǶֵܡ
Цŵ˵ͷ뿵ʶϵܺãûҪ̫顣
ٺ١ԺҲеһԱˡʮԺɲٸ˵һУȻǱȼҲܷԸҸǵģˣ˱Ҫܵչˣ
ϸ˵Ц
һĻֱʹø̨ϵĹסˣոЦس˵صȻ뵽Уȴתۼ䣬ŵľţȻҲż뵽УҿӣƺҪ
ⲻɵرسûЦȻ治֪ôӦˡ
͵͵ؿȴǷЦ⸡֣˿ͬʱȴǸɻˣôͬÿϼ볽Եأ
ˣҶҪˣҿʼܹǰǧģʸΪŵŵӣǰһģʸΪŵӡǰʮģʸ뾫ӢԺΪӢӡյؿ˽ǰĽл洫ԺΪ洫ӡ
ʱָҲŰ
ǧʮһҾͲˣֱӵ䳡μһʸ񿼺˼ɣֻҪܹͨʸ񿼺ˣǱŵʽӡҿʼʮһ֡ʮһͨãٶʮ֣ʮ
ָĿɨһȦ֣ʮ졢һǧʮ֡ھʩǧپʮ֡ڰϣǧһʮߵ֡ǧ˰ٶʮ֡۷ǧʮ˵֡ʮǧ˰ٰʮŵ֡ǧİʮ֡ص㣬ǧʮ֡
ָǰʮĻЩδǰʮĿ˵ӣ޲Ŵͣ𺳡
ΪǳǰʮĻ֣ǵȻʮرڵص㣬ܻ־Ȼǳǧֱ֣ӵ˿˶㱳˹ȥ
ȻǧĻֱ֣˰
ңǧˣǵڶһֻǶ٣
ǧ
ǧ
Ǹࣿ
ڳһ֣ЩͨĿ˵ӻûȥ롣
Ƕ԰ٳѡβһ㶼˽⣬֪İٳѡΣߵҲһǧ࣬ٻǧϵ


488 
һεİٳѡεڶؿУǰʮ˾Ȼȫһǧ
׼ȷ˵ǰȫǧ
ǰģ޲ǧϡ

һİٳѡΣֻзֿݡ
ǵڶأһصĿУҲͬǴǰδеĸ߳ɼ
һ̣ͻȻǳڴڴڶһĻ֣׻ﵽһôֲĳ̶ȡ
ָ΢΢ͣһ˲Ⱥеһ䣬һֱӰվ֮ܵ޹Ƶġ
ڶϣܻ֣ǧŰٰʮġ
ָδ˵̫ãֱ˵ڶĳɼ

ǰδеİ
õֻһſҵ

һ̣Ƭ˲
ǧŰٰʮĵ֣ûңΡ
ôܣ֣ǵʦ𣬳ϾȻܹ֮Ļ֣ѵΪѾͻƵʦһľǿߣ
ΪԴﵽʦҵ˵ֻʦпܻ֮Ļ֣ǿĵʦΪ΢Щʦܻ֮Ļ֡
ˣϻð֣ôܲŵڶһѵǳԣѵԵĻֻȳϵİֻߣôܣ
˵뵽˹ؼ㣬Ǳǵڶؿ˵ĵһ
˵ӵĻп˵ӣ㶣׹һָǺ֪ǸȳϻֻҪߵˣֻﵽ١
ҿҿҿ֣˵˵ǲǵһĻǲǱȳϻҪ̬Ǹ̬Ļ־Ȼﵽ˰֣־ͱ˵ĻּҪࡣǲǱҪֵ̬ܻ״ﵽˣ
ϴʱѾ̲סˣؽг𺳡
ʮҲɵۡ
ָ󽫵صǧֱ˳ǾѯʹԵĻǲǱصҪߣʱȻû˵ԼĻǶ٣ǵͷϣ겻ѣͬʱҲˣȥѯʳԵֵܻǶ٣ܳǰ㹻ˡ
Ȼָ󱨳˳ϵĻֺ˶ֱסˣת
ԸոնѾϣĻֱصҪߣǾͱʾǵڶǵһڵڶѾȻǵȿµĻʵţʵ
ڶˣǳϣǳԣͱʾһֻǳԣʡ
ǣԵĻֻȳϻҪ̬
ǿǲǰǧ֣ǰ򰡡
֣ѾǵصĽʮ屶ˡ
վһԵص㣬ֻпЦˡ
ѪħУۿնɱѪħǵĳ档
ʱɱѪħʱͬܲһ㣬ȫǵɱһǴΧɱһȥٶǼֻѪħʬ嵹£ûκε⡣
չȥܻ֣Բȳٶ٣ֻصû뵽ǣǵ͹˳ԣԵܻ֣ĻҪ߳١
ԭΪܻӦңڵǵڶĳϣѾ˰˵ԵܻӦǳ˰ǧ֣ࡣ
һ̣ͻȻԼľڿ֮·һƽȻչ٣ȴ˺ܶȤζЩᷳȻ˿ȴǷԼѪҺȼ
֪ڳߣǰǰˡ
Ϊľó׵ؾ
ָϾҪˣ˱ǡ
εЦЦܻȷ̫ڱ̬ˣûָ˵ɡ
ָδôҾõȣʱѾ̧֣˵ѹ˵ڿ϶Ƿǳ֪һĻ֣ڱһԣܻǣʮǧٰʮһ
ۡ
һ˵ӵ̲ס飬ɫһǺ죬һѪֱ˳
͡͡
һ˵ӣֻǵһ֮˵ӣ̲ס飬һѪ
ţ
ָһĻɫ΢䣬˸æ⼸ӣͳĵһһǷ£˿
ʱͻȻЩԼĳϣԵĻֹˡ
Щ˵Ӳ䳡ϵĵӣһһĿųԵĻģǵ֪˳ԵֺֻܻȻһѪֱӿ¶
ָ߹ֵؿ۳ԣСӣܻŪô߸ʲô
ϵˣҲŴͣתһ޹ĳԡ
ץųԵļ˺üͣȴΪʵ̫ܣȻ˵һ
ʮĻ֣Ǻǡ
ȺУһ֮¶һ˿м뼥ڽ
Ȼô㣡
ʩŮųԣ룬֪Щʲô
ˣڶؿ˾ʹ˽峿ǰʮ䳡ϣеصĿˣֻҪܹǰǱʸ洫Ժ
ָ󵭵˵һ˵ĻᣬһӣһŹâǽ˸ס˱ʧԭء
ٶ˽̤ʵصĸоʱԼѾǷص䳡
һ̣ԱǷĿ⣬ȫ۵ϡ
΢΢һ㶣ԿܣǿЩĿ⣬·ǿƵģһ˺桢𾪵ȸָӵɫ
ӣԾװûп
ϲλͨ˵ڶصĿˣ˽ŵʸ񣬽ǵıҸеǳ𾪣رǰʮһЩˣҸеȡϣĵؿУܹٽǵʵֵ쾡¡ڴҾץʱ䷵Ϣ׼յĿ˰ɡ
̨ϣվ˵


489 ڶؽ
Է֣˵ͬʱĿһֱϴҪ˶Ƶģ൱
Ҳû취˭Լı̫ˣܻ־Ȼʮ࣬Լ붼еЩ𾪣ȻֿǵصĶʮ౶
֣ȷԺݸɡ
һ˵
á
æͷʱͲ뿪طʮΧԼǺƵģ
ԣ
ȻʱȴǷͻȻһӰ֣һĶ
üͷһݣбޱء
ոռողĶ߾˵˲Ǹ˵Ƕ͵ϮĻôֱ뱻֮ա
عͷǷһԡѪӰгһԼĿ˿˿Ĳм
ϡ
£
ԵػһϲɫҲûҪ
ܵƺҲһĻԭ׼뿪ˣʱվס˽ŲĿ⾡Ծۼ˶˵ϡ
ˣһǲܵһػǵڶأֻõڶĳϣһÿε󣬶ĵ̬ת棬ǵһ˹ȥ
ʱǶ˵ĵһζԻʱ˶Ī˷˷д˿˿Ľڴ
̨ϵڶŸ߲㣬ҲǽĿ˹ȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ҪҪȥˡ
뵽ͻύ֣Ҳνе뷨
ص뿵ϵĿڳɨһȦüͷţǴӳϵܹܵóһ˿⣬֪߲ƣʶվ˳ԵߣһʲôľٶǽһʱԳϷΪ͵Ĺ
ûʲô£ֻһ䣬ûı£ǵ͵һЩغá汾µĻҺڴĿˡ
˵֮䣬һ˿޵ƣڶ𣬿еԪĪؾȴû˿ֵ˼
û汾£Ȼ֪
ͷ΢ݣһһ˿֮ɢֱӽǹĪѹס
е˼һ֪ʲô죬ϣΪ֮
ؿ۳ԣɻΪֳϢȻǿȴ·һӴһͷۡ뵽ԽĻ֣ǷһЩ뷨
ʵԼǿҲܹôĻ֡
ƺӵʱ䣬ͻ˽ְɣ
ô
һʦܹڶ̶ʱ䣬֮Ļְɣ
˵ĻֱȻǲˮ֣һˣ΢еʵҲ޷óӡ
ô˼ƽϣõĻٶʲôϵֱӽǡһЩĸ˰
ҡҡͷϲȥ룬еͷ֮Ժתȥһ֮Ϳʮףʧ䳡
Ȼǿ
ԿųȥıӰɫΪ֣ء
ϵʵȷ൱ǿ󰡡
ǸװƷΪ˭ҼʦֱӰ
ϿųȥķǱһֿڡ
ȻǺܿ߳ϵ̬ȡ
صüͷţųԵųϵʵǿҾþڵңֵܹһС
صʮʱ˲٣Ѿﵽ˶۷ʦˣԼû˿ġ
ʵǳϵʵʵ̫ǿ
ⷬҲǱͣ׼Ҫ˵ҲǹԹԵر͡
صոѾ˵ˣΪΪѾͻƵ۷ʦص㶼˵ǳϵһ֮ϵʵȻ൱ǿ
ʵǿˣװƶӦõģװƲ˵ء
ˣ˵ʲôûãˮڣյĵؿȫӦǡҪӮңҲôס
ҡҡͷδȥ顣
Լ˵ơ
ͻƵʦʵдȹ̣ȴȥϴ軻·Ҫʱȹʵ
ʦרеԪɻûоŵȳԪһУʵȻࡣ
٣ڶԸʦʱռݺܴıˡ
Ϊ񾳽ﵽ󶨣ŷӡĴڣʦʩչԪûһô
ԼʩչԪٶЩӰ졣
սһӰ죬ҲӰ쵽ʤܡ
߰ɣȥϴ軻·˵
˵
Ҳ˵ʲôǰ·
Ȼ˵ʲôˣÿ˶磬ΪԵյĵؿˡ
ǶԳûģϵʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ص㶼˵һ֮ǵжǿ
ڴ϶һ֪˭ĵһ
ĵһغ͵ڶؿˣȻǳԻ˵һĿˣʵı׼˭ǿֻоһսֳܹ
ǰȻԵĻֶȳϣʵҲֻеܹȷ˭ǿ
۷Լֵ˿ųԵ뿪ıӰɫӡ
֮Уȴһ˿޵ĸмš
˿̿ǣҲȷ֮ǰǵȷǾ֮ˡðٳѡǼ˲μӣȻǽ󻹲֪ߵһȫ̳ʦ²ͻƵʦҲҪӳٺü¡
۷˵
ڵڶصĿУԼ죬ѾΪͻƣﵽ˵ʦĲΣȻδͻƣҲû٣ͻȻԶ


490 »
֣и뷨ҪҪ
ͻȻ˵
۷Цʲôֱ˵ǡ
˵ͷǼҪҪȥԵʦᣬһ뵽ȥ
ţ
۷ֵܶʱס΢Ƭ̣۷б¶˳˼֮ɫͷܹ뵽ĻǵǴ棬ǲ֪ǵʦǻ᲻ͬ⡣ȥ԰ɣͬ˵
ֵҲǳ˼ŵͷ
飬ǸտʼЩȣ뵽Աֳͣбһ˿
ܹڳԵߣ˵ܹɾͷǷΪ
̨ϣ쿴·뿪ˣҲ¶һ˿ڴ˭˭ǻԼˡ
ٳѡεһĵһصڶؿˣԴ˶
Ŀ˾ʳ̶ȣҲ겻ѡ
ʣĿ˻Զӡ˵УΪһľʻ䡣
쿼˵ọ̈̄Ҳһ־˵ٶȣѸٴ˵ʱ仹޷鵽ϰĵӶУһ͵ĵӣȴǺ֪ܿһ¡
ŵУһЩͨĵӣǽ洫Ժû飬Ҳûʸ塣
УȴһԺĵӴڴ˵ء
洫Ժ
ܹ洫ԺĵӣΪ͵Ķﵽ߽״ʦҪӵһԼĸԺ䣬ȴҪΪﵽʦС
ԺӱϿȥֻͨԺ䣬Ժеңȴǽص֮µһԪȻ㲻أԪŨ̶ȣҲϡ

ʱһװδЩϢԺУһгǹǹŭһ΢֮ȻûоҵԪǵǹ֮Ҳզࡣ
վԱߵ꣬Ҳؿ꣬ҳš

ȻʱԺĴȴǱƿһŲӰ˽
ݣ
ڻ賤ǹüͷ΢壬ǹƶתƿ֮ȻǵӰ
ӳҪ
ܵһӰԼ֣ǵӰæڣͺЩ٣óϵﻨ˲
ǹӰʺǰͣ£ǵľ磬ȴƤһʹоԼ΢˵һԼĺ϶ᱻֱӴ̴
ڿʼжôҪ£Ҫţ±ٸһ㱨飬ô
ǹؿڵ
ͷ˿زΪ֪վԼǰ꣬һôǿĴڡ
ûУԺ󲻹ǶôҪ£ܴŵӳӳѾͻʦҪͷΪһδŶʧܣе룿
վԱߵһŵ
ǣԺһţӳˡ
æ˵
ǹصͷô⣬ֻʵ˵˵ʲôôţ
ģӳҹעһһİٳѡ𣿽еǵһڶصĿˣڳɼѾˣֻɼɼʵš
ʲôŵģͨµӵĿ𣿾˵мŵӲμˣҿҲμˣصĵһ䵽˭ˣ
ǹİٳѡε飬֪˴ΰٳѡεĹھһǳصĽʦ⣬Ŵȥעһ¡
˵ɼţüͷҲɵʲôŵģǿ˵ĳɼ
ҲǴļɰˣÿһ춼ᱻƣһİٳѡ˶˲μӣ㱻ҲûʲôôСֵİɡ
Ҳ˵ֱӰԼҪ㱨Ķ˵ӳһλõһڶؿ˵һģͬһˣֽԡ
ԣû˵
ǹԵЩʧΪĳ˵˻˵һû뵽ֻǸˡ
ǣ⳽ʲôˣû˵֣ҲֻǸһСˡβ˵۷ֵܶμ˰ٳѡǵĳɼΣˣ˵صҲμˣʵͻƵ˵ʦѵûõһ⼸˶ûμӣ
վһԵٴοڵ
ǳ鴤£û˵ԣ
֮ǰȷҲû˵ԣ˽İٳѡοˣԵֱȻÿһλӶ
ؿһסеΣ۷ֵܡص˶μ˰׳ѡΣնδؿ˵ĵһǼõĳɼص˵ڵڶصĿУǰʮδܳ
ţȷϢûǰʮδûǴĻΪӦѾ˾Ž״ʦսͨľŽ۷ʦҪǿƾʵ˵ǰʮǰ嶼ܳô˵ǰʮûȥ
վһԵüͷ˵
ǹҲüͷҲ֪ЩԱߵԣصʵǰʮ´࣬ǰ嶼пܡ
һ뵽Լ֮ǰҲǿЦĿ˱ʵ̫˰
Ե䳡ȥȫ̹ۿ϶ῴһؿػǰʮڶȴǱ˳ȥ۷һһߡ
Ϣ˵
ܣ۷˵ʵһ׵ʦһΰٳѡζһôǰ嶼岻ȥ
ո˵꣬Աߵǿڡ
סڣ
ǹһĻŻ˵֪ͳͳ˵
˴˿̣ǹԴ˴εİٳѡΣǶһ˿Ȥ
ǣ
ص˵ͷٵؽٳѡη飬ȫ˵˳


491 ϧ
ڻ˵ڼ䣬ǰǹվԱߵ꣬ͶŴ󣬵󣬸һģ
㣬ȷ˵Ķģûκ֮ԣ
ǹץŻļʵ
Щۣҧҧӳƭ˭Ҳƭ˵˵ľǧȷǸԸʵڶֲ̫ˣĻ֣»һֱάȥ̬ܴͬơ
̬
ǹЩͷǵȷ̬ȷ
Աߵ궼ǳĬȴŰǹָ
ûƬ̣ǹǻڵܹǵİǹӣ˵ͻƵʦΪƽ̺ǵİǹҲ˼̳ˡҽ㴦ȥǶ˷룬˵ҰǹǳΪǹӵһԱԳ֮λ֮
ǣ
˵ͷ˳ȥ
̳ˣϣ
ԱߵǹĻƤ¡
Ŀ΢΢˸˲δ˵ʲô
ֻУȴЦԼųʮа˾ǲǹӡҾǳԼ˰ǹӣҲеǰ취
ȻǸţųɳ֮ǰֻǸߡ
Ƕ˵ΪѾ˸߽׵ʦͽԼǹӵļ̳ˣټˣǿɽܲˡ
ǹӣǰʮ

˰ǹ֮⣬һԺУһŮµĽĿҲһ˿
Ůӳ٣ֱ䣬̣Ц֮һ˿Լ̲סְ֮С
ŮԣվһģмƵŮŮȥֻжʮӣϴ˿˿棬ԣƺЩϤأˣǸһǰЩʱˣû뵽ЩͣʱһΪǿϼʶǳŽ޵ǵȸ߶ء
˵㲻Сˣ㾭ȫָΪ˵ӿһǿģ죬ǿҲûУֻûѡԣǰ˵֣ûмǴĻϴοϸʱƺΪǸ߽ʦѣأȴѾﵽ˸߽״ʦһȽףֽٶȣҲֻǿ
εҡͷЦһ취ûУﵱУȴǳϧ硣
㣬Сƹһֱܵ͵ĺòãΰٳѡҲĻûȥȻĻ˭ܻõһ˵׼ء
ͦͦӣȥȻɣȴһӲζһգһգϧǸֻǸ߽״ʦΪȻҾͿıһˡţȻҵΪѾͻƵн׵ʦı֣ҲʸսˡҲ̫۸ˣͻƵ˵ʦսˡ
㰡֪ˣȻҪ˵û̺ܽ㡣
ΣֻöŸոǰ㱨Ůӵ֪ˣǷ˪еӵȷڳԡϡϰɣȥǣûȤ뵽Ƿ˪Ƿ˪һЩôҲǰ⻹һһҪ֪ǼǷ˪󣬲ôǷ˪Ůӵ⣬ȻԸ
ǣ
Ůӹصͷ
ȵȵȵȡ
æ˳㣬൱ҪɲشӦҪȥģ϶ûʱ䣬þȥˡ
㰡ðɣ㲻ܳ嶯ǣһҪǺúõ˵ǲǺԸ뵽Ƿ˪ˣҲҪǿ֪𣿡¶Էϧһ㶼ܾʱ˵Ҫȥ볽Ե˼뵽˪Ȼǲܾ
֪㣬İɣҷһܸ˼뵽˪
һЦسԺ˳ȥ
Ѿͷô˻ôҰԺô޵óȥ
¿ŷ뿪ıӰгΡ
ŮЦ»֪ɣ׷ˣܴɽŵɽţǶǣȻѾ˫ˡ
Ѿͷ۹̫ߣ˵ʵڵģӿûܹϵ츳㲻ϧ̫СһҲ
ҡҡͷתȥ
۹Ȼ˵㣬ɸ۹ظء޲ȥĻǸʲôʱܼ޵óȥ
ŮӿŷµıӰҡҡͷתȥ


һװλԺУһ»㱨ϢһȭԱߵʯķĳɷ飬˵ʲôǸԵȻصĵһҵڶصֳܻʮѵͻƵʦˣ
ȺӣںԶɣϵǳֶӣʮǰŵİٳѡγǰʮΪŵһӢӣһʱ䣬ͳ洫Ժ
ΪǴﵽĽ׵ʦһ齨һȺŵ
ݴδͻƵʦսʱΪƺ״ʦ߽״ʦδﵽ
㱨Ϣĵӵͷ˵ͷѾЩ顣
Լ˵ĻЩţȺţ
ʵǵ֪˳Ϊ״ʦˣ޲һ𾪣ϰ췽Żع
϶ʵ˶ƭˣֻûܿĳΪﵽʲôΰˡߣҪʵҵ常λϡ
Ⱥһ˼ͨһʵڵʵ϶ǿȥӦûҵӦΧڡɳȥˣڻܶԸٹ£˭֪ܲٶԸ


492 Ԫ
ų˼
ٳѡνһ֮󣬲ǾҪµӵĵһ𣿶һεʽÿһ춼ȥľɽеĵˡʱǾϵˣһֽС
Ⱥһ䡣
֪ôˣ
һ˿𾪣аһӣͬʱҲЩԥ뵽Ⱥӵ·ǵһʱʾ˹Ժӡ
ݣ
ͣ
ȻδתǷĿһۣһȻûؿڣȺѪѸȾ·
ų㡭
ߣҲκ֪Ҫİɣļ˺ܿͻȥġ
ȺӵسҲĿȻصӣԺ溰һһ¡ǳ˽ȥ

ԷԺ󣬾ȫſԼ׷ɣſϵһˮ裬һСˣһȺسһ١
㷹󣬳ԼķݣͻƵʦ󣬻ûüоʦרеһԪ
ʦԪѾû˿ãԪҲ㲻ʲôУԻǾա
ԪܹΪʦרеʽȻһԭԼԭ򶼲֪ɶԽ谭ǿɾͲˡ
뷿к󣬳ֱӽ˷ռ䣬һ˿ʼ
ԪҪȥˣΪͽӴһУһ˽⣬Լ΢ĥһᣬ϶ܹĥóоϡ
Ԫǵʦǿ߶ԿռԪһָԪһۣ˵һεĹҵľͬ߾ٱԪû˿⣬Ԫ

Եһ˿˼֮ɫδ룬ת統еľǰĿռ䵥һӡ
͡
һ΢ӿռ䵱дܹظܵռ䵱еԪһʱûԾޱȣһʦǿڴʩչһС
һ̣ڳԵĿ֮£ܵԪȻǳͬһ۶

յУ·һҵ촫ײ
ԪԪʵ̫򵥡΢ĵʦͲʩչһУѹ֮ǰûصʩչһСȻԪܹƵǵʦרʽΪλ˵صͣЧΪλ˵صͣԲܡ
һ⣬Բصϵõ֤ʵڸոճԷ֮ǰصѯʹصԪֻһ־ԵĶܵʩչҲû̫ôһͬ׵ĵʦսʩչ
صĻ˵ǲ˵Ԫֻһߣ
ֻжԴʦµ߲ã
˵ĻҪ֮
ҡҡͷԲٽص˵ЩϣҪԼ֤ʵֻԼȫȷϵĶȫš

ԼʩչԪռв촫һαһξҡ
ɼԶԪϤ̶ȣ֮ͨĵʦҪǿ
Ԫֻܽռ䣬ֻܽϵĶǾĶԪȫʧȥЧҷС
뵽һ㣬ǰһٶȻԾ˲նգһȦȦʱɢ
ৣ
Ȼȴʧط֣ȥȴûķӦֻһ΢촫ž
վޣҲɸԪһЧ˵ǾЧȴԵü䵥һԪ̫𡣡
εҡͷ
ܿ죬·뵽ʲô
ݣ
ûκе齣ȻʣնգһҵƿȻԼһĿ
ʩչһн֮ʣڵͬʱŷ˳
Ԫ
Ԫ
ľԪԼΪȫﵽһ׵ʦԪ൱аտһص㡣
һУҽںϣͬʱʩչȥЧֻΣ
뵽ûκεԥԽɲͬͬʱ뵽齣УڳʶǣУǰյС

δһʱ䱬һ׺ֱɢա
ʧܣ
ȷЩ԰ѿأҵһ˿ϣԪ
ٴν˳ԣ齣мɢУһƬռ䵱еԪʱԾޱȣȻмѹȥ
ڰԪУһܹӰ˼άľԼһɰԵ
һεĳʧܶա

Ҳ룬ٴοʼԡ
Ҳ֪ʱԺ棬Ѿ˼֮͡

ϣ㻹ȥѳԽгɣų룬ҶˣѵҵӶô
ԺУָʹĶſ˵ص㣬Ƕû̫С
⼸ȺŵˣΪ׵ӸȺŸųȺӵһ֣ҲǲΪﵽ׺ڵʦȺǾص
ǵųֿ˵ģΪȺȫѹסô
ϻδ˵ص˳
ռһƣŭǿڶԷ洫ӵϣһӣѾһֱȹȥˡ
ͣǸ齨ѣųأΪԼ˲ص㣬㲻ҪΪʵ˲پǰСеģҲԼݣȻǰҲǸ΢е츳߰ˡ
һЦδص


493 Լʲôɫ
صĿڽǾǿඣòѾҪʮ˰ɣʮΪн׵ʦδﵽȴôغҫУúܹǸ΢е츳ߣҿҲǸ΢еķСÿ˶ǿˡ
С˵زʮˣҲǸ׵ʦʲô˲ģԺʮˣҲǸн׵ʦɡҫ֪Ƥж񡣡
Ǳô˵˼ҺôҲиԶɺƤص㷢Ǻô
˼ƤȻ񣬵ǶҲҪӵġС磬㲻˵Ҫӡ
صĻԵúǳ죬رʮһһ͵ڶֵܽЦø
ʵ˲𰡣ҪǸųʱˣҪʱ仹ڿ϶˵ܳԽ㡣
ˣ˵Ϊǿͺ˲𡣡
һ˾ȻЦʱΪŭ
ôǰҾǺ˲ΣģΪԼǸʲôŲһ仰ȥǺԶɾͼ̫
صĿһɣҲɭȻ֮⡣
һӲǾ͸ӲģԼǿŵķϣ΢ôһӣȻĻ𱳾һѵݱǿˡ
ǣΪɫͿȾ㲻ԼǸʲôݡΪŵ洫Ӿͺ˲ˣŲҴȥҸʦ壬ֱӽ
Ҳŵ
ԣһ⣬ֿ洫ԺԺݵλ˵ŵĸƽ̻Ҫߣ̫ϳͬһ𣬵Ȩȴе洫ɱȨ
ȥ˸֣Ҳֻһ仰顣
ߣǾ֪ұôһΪЩأԭǴ򲻹˾Ͱ᳤ģǶ
ɫãЦŵûʱǆ£гԳųڵ
ʲôƨųôļӣųĻԼҵʱҪųûʱ䣬ûʱĻȺųɲʲôĶܼġ
ص㵭˵˿ӡ
ص㣬㡭
ʲôˣ
ʱ˳üͷ΢΢ţ·֪﷢ʲôһ㡣
ոռ˵ĶԻȫˣ֪ǺԶɵ鷳
뵽ԶɣоһƬɭȻ
֮ǰǣһ㣬˵ǶͿ̿Ȯ
ںԶɣѾ˱ɱ̬ȡ
ߣóˣһ˰ɣųҪ㡣
˳Ŀڳϴһ飬ϵΪֳɢԪϢ۷ʦȻ߽״ʦδﵽ
һﾹȻܹõٳѡصһֻܻһǰδУκ˶ŵ漣϶ŵĻ
ųҸȥҾȥʲô
ԵƳ˿Ҳӡ
֮ǰؿеĳɫ֣ϵ鷳Ѿһ׼
ټ׼ͳһŵĸԶ齨ʲôŵģӲаɫ
ˣ˵ʲôȻųϽµǸһųǰ˵ûԭ㡣
ԲųҲʱŭ쳣
ž
Ÿ£ǸоһӰ͵شڵǰͲһƾͺݺݵسϣһ졣
ҹµǸôߣȻ㲻ҷҲûҪˣұ
һץʺ
ȻҶҳֱ֣
ϵĻʹоܵǰδе裬⻹ź󣬵һα˴
ҴʱûԵΪΪֻһͨ۷ʦ
׵ʦһ۷ʦ⣬ܹܵˣ
Ҳ룬ֱӱ׵ʦӴƣۻľϯֱؼһԪųѹȥ
Ԫ
ȻһʦûͻƵʦԪǰûл֮
ҪһУֱѹԼĹͷδֱӱ
Сġ
ųСģ
һԵǵرʩŮӣҪһʱȥȳԡ
޷׵ʦ˲ų
ص㽫ҪǰȥȳԵļЦ
ԪԸңҾ㿴˭
ԼԸԼȻʩչһУ϶ʱֳмЦ⡣
һʼʩչľУʩչԪЩ֣һʱҲʰʩչУڡ

ܱԪľҲûӰ쵽ԵٶȣǱһĪս˳Եڡ
ಣ
꣡
һ̣ԵȻڳĿ£˺ߵǰһȭֱӴֱϣһĹ
꣡
δüҽһȭһֱֻϡ

һɱĲҽУŨŨʹ֮⡣
ҪɱңҲԼʲôɫ
͵һ߳߷ڵأͬʱϣµȥǵųҪҵĻԼҵĻҲҹȻĻ׼ʬɡ⣬ֻСʱʱ䣬Сʱ֮ҪûҵԺҾͲˡ
֮⣬СʱʱҪųûйǻ׼ʬ
ãš


494 ˺
ҲǱʩչʵһûԪϢģսǵٶȣԼӵʦԪһǱǰߵΪǴﵽ˵ʦĲΣߡ
ûдﵽʦܹӵʦԪ
ŨŨľ־壬ӳԺ䣬³ҲὫǸոտǿ˳ԵĿֲֶΣǵɱϵֶΣ˿ǵų
ǰɣ˵ҽӦôأ
ŶȥԵؿűڽµʵ
ԣҽҡҸ㣬ҵųҵõܣ˺ңһɵĺΪУʱҲֲ˺ôңһԵûзô
ʹ𾪣û뵽ԵʵȻǿ˳̶ȣֱܹõȽˡ
˴ʱ˿̣ɲپóԵΪֻһ۷ʦ
ЦʦܹӵʦԪǲܵ¡
ֻеʦܹӵʦԪ
ҲǲԣͿûǸˡ
Ŀ΢΢˸·뵽ʲô£˵
ţ
һʩչԪֵܹˣԴԺ߳ȥֵ˵ĻǾֻܵõʬˣΣ
ԵһЦ
ģ
бҪƭô
ãҴӦ顣
ȥǣֱӴӦ
ΪǳԹҪˣȻĻΪλҪ
ֵԪ
ͻƵ˵ʦҲܴﵽ߽׵ʦɣ
Ϊﵽн׵ʦʩչԪԼҲֵܹס
ο洫ǰн״ʦŹôʱ䣬ܴﵽн׵ʦô˵߽׵ʦˡ
ųɰ
һԾȻ飬ʱˡ
ųѵǴֱӷ
һصҲüͷˣ׳һ
Ԫ
ʦԪڵʦɲ̫Чһ߽׵ʦʩչԪɱһ׵ʦǽˡ
ۣԲǸ߽׵ʦн׵ʦǣֻǸոͻƵʦһ׵ʦˡ
Ԫɱⲻǵֱӷ
Ǻǣֻ˵ҲɱʱҵԪɱǿԶְֶϵˣѵ㻹ûոɵ
Ƴϻһ˿ЦݣҲЦ˵

ⷬصҲסܿ죬ص˵Ͼ͸ֳһ˿ɫ
Լųѹû뿪ģҲõ˼ҵ˵ɣ
ԣ˵
ʱţ˷ŭһﾹȻԼ
㵽״ӦӦҵԪ
һЦ
ߣɣֵԪɱңҾû¡
ŭЦţϣܹʹüóԷŹԼ
Ҳ֪û£Ҿҵļֵ׼֣Ľĥˣɱٶ֣סҪһһɱǰһٽǧˣҪ֪𣿡
Իͷص㺰һ
⻰Ҳһӿֳһɻں־塣
صҲǵɴӣҲ̫˰ɣ
ãӦ
򽣴Ӻ˳˳졣
ҪǷǼʱĻİ˵Ҫ꣬ʱȻͿ̿ȮԼʵԴԶȻҲܹˡ
ûʱһȥһȸһٵ˵СʱҲˣʱõҲӦùˡ
ԶɵһܷŹ
С磬㲻ĵĻɡ
ĳԱһĦȭƵģ޲Լȥ֡
˵ЩҪˡ
ﰡԼô͵ЩˣҲֲ̫˰ɡ
׼ˣҿҪʩչԪˡ
¡¡
ɢ֮ʣԵһŭͻȻĶһ¡ߴܹԵظӦһɿֲϷͬһʯǽѹ
֪ԶʩչԪˡ
ʦϾǵʦӦٶȲǳܹȣһʱȫֵϷѹĿֲʯǽ
Ԫ˺ҡ
΢΢̣˿Լ¡
ԪѣõҲʩչԪһ¶ûС
ǵǹغԼȫؽеֵԪӿԼ塣
ͨʦʩչԪȻǲ˺壬ԪֱӴ崩͸һƶ¡
ţ
ֻǣܵϷµʯǽɫ΢΢˱仯
Ϊ֣ʯǽеȻֻԶ룬žԼһɼԵ
һȴϵǡôһ˿϶δ£Ͳ˰Ļᡣ
Ҳ˵һʯǽͲ֪ȥֵ
ͺһûһ˿ΪͨˣһǽֻԼ˫ȥֵˡ
ʲôԪͲԪԪֻоʦֵܹ
ܵʯǽ̲صĿֲʱһһɾʱӿ
׳Ϊ˵ֻҪֵסԪͷˣǸһûԼߣʩչԪͨĵʦֵܹˣǾʦҲֵܹ
ΪʯǽУԪ뾫ܵһɸΪԵʦҲӵС
ǵһ㡣


495 Ԫ
ס֣ס֣ҲˣҲˡ
ڱˣͲ֪εֵֵܵĻҪˣ˼شŹҰɣҸͷǸϻкܶĵҩһһױҶȫ㣬ֻҪŹҡ
ۿʯǽҪ䵽Լϣ׵رˣʺ˳
ҿԲɱ㣬ҪΪǺԶɵˣ


Ҳٺȥۺ϶ɵʯǽȻ¡
Ѫɽ
һҽжͱѹһò
Ժ䣬ʱѪζ⡣
վǲ̲Լѡֱɱ
һеˣ޲һľ
һ׵ʦǿߣԼųʩչԪȻֵס
˵˵
˵˶뵽һ㡣
ĵʦʩչԪɱ˵ʦԼųȴǿԣԻɱΪԼߵĵʦ
⣬һǰδеս
ŵϵѪȳ棬Ȼ˶ЩӦ뵽ǸɱԼųĵˣҲ͵Լĵˣ˶нˡ
ųһԪ
صѾߵ˳Ե˷ܡ
˷ܡ
ǳ´棬϶һ޴籩
ʦԪɱʦһձ鹫ϵ鱻ƣ½񴫱鿪ȥԵ־лᴫ½
һԪʩչĲֻͬǵԪʦҲ޾һЩҲͬͬʱʱ޿̵رͬһΣͻƵʦ֮󣬲һнۺΪһ
֪жǳɻҲ٩٩̸
ͬʱԪһʱ޿̵رͬһ硣ų޵һ
صѯʵ
Ц˵޹Ҫ˵һĻҵĻشǣҶȫûһ֡Ҳ˵ҳһͨһ׵ʦߣһһ׾ʦͬʱһʦߡ
ȿȡͬʱޣҶͻƵ˿ȵʦĲΣųûţɣ
ҿҲ̫˰ɣȻͬʱޣû˵
֪ʲôˣǰ˵Щţųȫ洫ԺЩν֮ӣųҲȫһΰ
гԱ˷ﵱг˽Ժ
ţ
ʲôţǵųǰȫ
ΪţҲĳһгɾͣųأ
ͬʱޣڽʮ꣬ȫͻƵ˵ʦĲΡ
ʣ˭õ
̫ˣһΪ츳ͦأû뵽ųһѹͲһεġصͷ˵
ʦǰʱ仹ľţ֪˳ֵ츳Ҳ֪ʲôľŰһģΪԼӵпԪ壬أû뵽ڳǰȻƨ㡣
̫ˡ
ǰӣ츳¾½һɣ
뵽һ㣬ǳ˽Ϊ˺ֵܣ빲ֵܡ
ʩǧŮҲһԺ
ϲˣ츳˵½һ
֣ϳ֪ûиȡ֣
ǰȥʵ
֣⵹ûС
ҡͷһЦ
ȡһˣ˵һžʽôûأ
Ц˵һȻģͽԪô
УͽԪɡ
Ҳûȥϸ룬ֱӵͷ
ȴǲ֪֣ڲ֮󣬻½Ϊ֮𾪡
ųò˶೤ʱ䣬Ⱥŵ˾ͻϹȺҲ϶ԸϹҪҪ׼һ
صʵ
Ҳ΢΢ü
ϾԷŵ洫ӣԼɱһûʲôɱ˶ٻЩ˵ȥ
ʱͻȻ΢һóһɫ֣ոʦѾѶңҸ㣬ù˼ʲôĸ۵㣬ᣬɱɱֻҪռɱٶˣ㶥š
û뵽ϸ羹Ȼ׼˽鷳
΢΢һ㶣뵽Էı죬ҲȻˣӿһ˿мͬʱҲѯʵϸ˵ЩûбĽ
ԣɫʱЩŹ֣ǵͷ˵Уʦ˵ϻȲ裡

ɫҲЩŹ֣ȻҹҪȲ裬ҪǱ֪ˣ϶ᱻ
֪ˣ
ԾҪԼѯԼһЩ⣬ϾԼؿеıʵ̫ͻˣ϶ע⵽ûеһʱϵԼԺҲ׼Сʱʱв
ǴȺŵˣ׼ôӦأ
صٴʵ
ûʲôģǹǣʱ򿴿Ƕǿ˵ȻݲдֱӸϳȥǺԶɻ߻ɵˣֱӸߣҲĻͳͳɵ
ԵĮ˵


496 Ⱥӵ
Ͳȥ˼˶ȻҲԼҲڣ˲ĻҲǺ˵ˡ
ԷǺԶɵˣȾҪöֵ׼ˡ
٣ֻϣԶɸɵ˲ҪҲˣȻĻҲǡ
صҲŤŤӣȻЦ
ҲͻƵʦ
ϺƵ˵
Ԫ츳˵ǳ˳ߵģȴû뵽УʵΪǿģȻкüеȵزƽ⡣
𼱣ȰٳѡνˣҾʹȥһطʱΪܿܳˡ
εЦ
֪ӵпԪ壬ݵĴڱ˵ͻƵʦ³߽׵ʦҲڻˡ
ڳԵɵʵС˲٣ͨŵǿԣľţŵȷЩ
ҲóܹعܲĻϱȻõõԺΪ½۷ǿ߾ǰ϶顣
Ǹʱ̫ˣԿɲôá
ֵܣͻ뾡취ÿϵΪõĳɳ
Կ䣬ڸĻٶȾԻҪöࡣ
֣ѵϻʥزɣ˸ʥأҲѱȵľԪɣرǾԪת˼£ǵԪۻ̶ȣҲǼʶİ
Щȷ˵ΪѾ֪ʮ˸ڳʱ䲢ڸûö೤ʱ䣬ͻƵ˸߽״ʦΪҲǳɱ¼ǲܷ飬
ѵó֣²ϸʮͻˣ˵ʵձ鶼ǿѵɣ
ȻԿ϶ŰΪķ
ǺǣȰٳѡν֪ˣʱһΪ϶Ѹٵʱ˵ֱԪء΢΢һЦûй˵ȥʱÿڷռһȻ֪˵ʥжôˡ
վһԵص㣬ҲŨŨĺ֮ġ
ͷĳԱΪձܸߣвΪĻǱҪǿ
ˡ
ʱĿԺ棬һЦ
Ѿ֣ԺʮӰڵس߳ЩϢǼΪһȥǷЩ˵Ϊģﵽ߽״ʦҾﵽ˾Ž״ʦŽʮϢȻǴﵽ˵ʦĲΡ
׼ӭУ
ɱһȺˣʱһ
¶ԷŽʮʦ߸ȫﵽ˸߽״ʦҲûκεؾ⡣
԰ꡣ
ֹ̧˵һص֣ҳȥһˣôὫԺӸŪˡŴҴԺܷʲôҪȥ
ǣų
ԳԵȻаؿܣֱӵͷӦ
ߣ
Եͷص߳Ժ䡣
ص߳ԺһȺӰԺǰ棬Ϊ׵һŰ£гһɢŨŨķŭɷ
߳Ժ䣬һվԼǰʱŭһҵأȻҽ̤ƽ
˵ôȥ
ԿȺӣ˵ȻѾ˵õܣǾͱˣȺŵųȺӡ
һĽ׵ʦǿߡ
Ҳϻ㽫˸ҽȻԼ˽ȥѡȻԺ˭ҲܣҵûµĻõ㣬иʲộһͷ
Ⱥŭ˵
ҪҵǺǣҪҵˣѾȫڵصˣôҲҪҵ
ԵһЦ֣ҪĻȥصȥļʱĻ˵ҵʱͿԸһȥͶ̥±ӻֵأõ顣
ˣ㣬ɱ
Ⱥӵɴ۾ϳš
䵽Եϣܵ޴ĥȴûԻɱ
˭ǺԶɵ˲˵ŵһ洫ӣݵλνǱ֮һǳصĳҪߣԶɵĸƽ̼ˣҪ֣ڣһﾹȻ˵ɱˣ
ɱ
ɱʲôôСֵģڵѪȺأҪҪȥǲܼһˣΪѾֱӴһ
Ⱥӣ뵽ԷݣԾͺ޲ϳȥնɱԷ
ԶɣһҲŹ
ಣ

ȺⷬͲ˵κһķϻֱӰγϵĳųŭն¡
Ľ׵ʦİԪҲһ籩ϯųѹȥ
˺֣
ȺѾȥѯʳ˵ĻĻǼٵģΪڿУѾŵŨŨѪζŨѪζԲǵؽͷһȫܹȷʱûҲֻʣһҲȲˡ
ҪģնɱԣΪֱ
ڳڵݵλͲȥǣȺӿн׵ʦݵλĸ׺ԶƽҲضãɱ˳ԣҲΪŻôǹһЩʱĽգһЩ᲻صĳͽ䡣
ΪĽ׵ʦΪκεô
Ҳһͬʱص㴫κһ˽Ժӣֳ齣ȥ
ݣ
Ԫ
齣ɱһĹâԪ



497 һ
ɱȺӲһֲĽԼտʼδϣֻغᵶֵȻԪĵϣɫʱһЩ仯ǰҲǸȻֹͣû뵽㵹еͣ˶ƭˣʵͲ۷ʦһʦû뵽Źôʱ䣬ͻƵ˵ʦľ硣
ȺӿüǵãڲǰնɱԶɳʱһн״ʦȻڲŹ˶ãΪȻͻƵ˵ʦٶȾԿÿֲݡ
ɱζҪɱ츳ʵǿֲɳȥҪ˶೤ʱ䣬ҺԶɱȻϡڻûɳζҪնɱܸ˿ɳȥĻᡣ
Ⱥӵ˾ϣŨŨɱֱֺ̧ȵˣȫϣҵֱ˭ҪɱҾ˭ųʹһг˱
ȻǺг˱ܹõһг˵ıҵʵϾͿ۷ʦ
֣һҪȽնɱг˱һ˶ȥˡ
죬ȽΧǧˡ
һȺŵĳԱȺӵĻжʱž⣬ɷ˵һӵϣγһΧȦԸΧС
ص㱾ȥﳽԣ뵽ǰ˵Ļ׼κһ˳ԺҧҧվĬĬۿѾд⣬󳽻иʲôΣգҲҪȥȳԣʱԼ׸ԼıƸͳͳóн׵ʦ˵ų
һǻأ
ԼȺŵ˽ΧﷴЦѡ
Щ˶ȺŵľɣȺӵĸ˵ףǺԶɵ߹ԼǽЩȫնɱˣϸӦòԼ
뵽һ㣬Ѿڵȫصһǰδڴ˿ҲǱ
ɷ
ֲѪɷͬʵһ㣬ԳԵӿֶ
ţôôŨɷ
ȺӵһڵʦܹԵظܵɢɷǵĲЩҡڲ֪ҪҪϳȥԳԶ֣Ͼɷʵ̫Ũδʶ
װŪҾͲһܹԸôˣɱֻҪɱϾܹõһųʹ͵ĺг˱
һȺӵĹӼЩԣһҵһųԳȥҪԴȺ֤Լε
֪һܲһԽЩȫɱ
ĿһɨȺӴˣȫΧ˹Ұ˵һ󺰣ٶȳԼΧɱ

ԪѾɱ׵ʦû˿֪֮Ԫжǿҽԡ
۾΢΢һУȻŭȣһɿֲ籩ʱڱ˷ϯȥ
ΧʮӰʱر籩ڡ
ԪԪôܣôܹΧʩչԪֵֵסԪƾԪԸǽʮʦҿֱѰ·ɱ
ȺӹӵĻû˵꣬һɿ񱩵壬ͲֵûӦ֮ʱǺȻ

һˣȺӴˣ޲Ǳһֲը죬ͺһըǵ汬ըһ
һѪ⣬̻ſգԵޱȴָһ޵ĸо
Ȼ˭һĻԻᵱŻ£²ĥӰӽѪͻŻ¡
⣬ôܣˣȫˣôܻ
ȺӿѪ⣬˶ɵˣվԭ㶵ؿǰ棬Դ춼زȫ׵׷ʲô飬ôԼ˸һȥԵڱһɿֲĿȻԼھͺ񱻰װһըȫըʬûһģ֫ϱ۶ûС
ֻѪ
Ѫ
ȫɱˣųʩչʲôʽȻ˶ĸ߽״ʦʮʦͳͳɱˣոնҺ񿴵ֻ¶һѡ
صؿǰһĻд𺳣š
ȫȫˣųȻʮ߽״ʦʮʦɱˣһһɱģĻǼٵģ
ʲôʽôôֲոųɱʱ򣬶ûôֲˣոʩչʽոǲǼʶųʩչԪûôֲѵų֮ǰʵ
ų϶ʵʵͲܹġ
ųʵʵ̫ǿˣ¾һȺĵʦȥΧɱҲֻһǾǱͳͳɱͼųʹ˺սĻһĪ
ԺӵУҲǿԺ淢һĻʱһǵɴӣޱȵ𺧡ܣԼһ˿˿־塣
ԵĿֲֶΣ˵Ԥϡ
Լû뵽
Ȼôô£ѵΪɷ
üͷ΢΢ţѾףɷԪܻôǿ
ֻЩûϵǣɷɱȻ˵ĿֲֲЩͷƤ顣
һȫʩչɷȻʮ߽״ʦʮʦͳͳɱˣһʬ嶼ûһߣֲֶֿΣԼѡ
´˳ȥ֪᲻ᱻ˵Ƕħ
ô£ôˣ
ȺĿվм䣬ϱһ֣ⱻѪ͸ĳԣѾǴŨŨľ֣ǿһħ㡣


498 û
ȻȫɱˣѵΪһкǵҵסȥͲɣ
һµĿһ㵭ŨŨѪζԼıǿףȻЩԼȶӶӰ쵽Լ꣬Խ
ħֱһħϽ㱨ƽ̣군ˣߵҲȫ군
ԵЩ侲ĻȺȷԼûпԼˣһо͸ͳͳնɱˣֶΣͨӵеġ
Ҫ㱨ŵƽ̣ź߻ֹʱ㳽һţҲѲһ³
Ǻǣûˡ
ԵһЦһֱʩչԪҲһ˿ɷС

ɷ籩ѹȺӣͲ˿ߵĻᡣ
ɱڣûţ
ȺӲĽ׵ʦս֮ͨ׵ʦǿֹڳԸҪ֮ʣѾӦֱʩչٶȡ
ȻܹܵԼһϢѸٳƽߡ
ˣ
Ⱥŭһ֪ԵĹϾҪ䵽Լϡ
뵽ԼЩʱĲһëûʣ£жʱ־⣬Ҳ룬ֱеĴ󵶣͵Ͷһɿֲը쿪
Ա
һг˱ԱԲѷɫһ׵ʦȫһʩչȥԪͱɢ
Σڽˣ飬ôȻôǿԪĸоѵΪΪһ׵ʦǾŽ۷ʦһʦֻһ֮ң
ȺӸ֪ԵĹΪλ֮ǿΨһĽ;ǳΪΪһ׵ʦǾʦֻһľŽ۷ʦ
ҲֻΪﵽ˾Ž۷ʦʩչԪпɱͨн׵ʦ
ǵֵһˣұҪߣ´ȥʱɡ˾ԲţȻĻҺԶʱḲ𡣡
뵽ԵĿֲֶΣȺΪԼֵһж˿ͬʱҲоζóԴȥȻԶɿɾΣˡ
ಣ
˵ûˣɣ
ȻȺӸҪչٶ˵ʱȴǾط֣Լǰ֪ʱͻȻֳһӰɱؿ
ǳԣ
ţ˲ƣѵ˲ƣôܣ
ס֣ɱң
ǰӰȺһб¶ŨŨĲ˼飬Ժð֣˲ơ
ʵǲףԵٶô֮죬۶ܲ׽ֻоǰӰһԵξͳǰһϢֶ£˵뷨ûС
ΪѾ֣ԼʺһĽס΢һ£Իᱻ洩͸ʺò
ɱ㣿ô
Һԩ޳ֻǸոն㲻ҸǸôҸͷͷ㲻Ҫɱң
ȺĲõŸո𲽣ܳΪŵĸ֣ʱĳΪ۷ۿžҪʧǷǳ᲻á
ֻǡ
Ҫ֣͹طˣ±Ͷ̥ǵͶõطǧҪͶԶˡȻĻֵͶһ̥
ݣ
䣬
Ѫһͷ­ŹѪ
˴ɨһ³ء
ɨһܣޱ飬ǻصԺУֱϥ¡
һɱôˣҶǺԶɵˣʹóƽģȻЩ붨ľ缸Щȡ
֪ΪԼɱ˳ˣ̬仯ԵʣҪ򾳽£ҪɾͲôˡ
ϵ˼ֱӻصԺпʼȻ֪ǺԵʣҲ״ŵԣϷԸ˿ʼɨԺ䡣
ԼĪʮӵӣԵ״̬ȫָ˹
ԶɣɣȰٳѡν󣬵ԱΪһЩұش̤ƽǵɽš
۾վ
ʱ򣬿ǴڴɨԺ⣬ֳʵ̫ѪȣϵҲֱǰɨѡԪȼյˣǴɨغɫҲЩ԰ס
Ѫȳ棬Ǵδͬһ㡣
⸱ЩεҡҡͷǴԴɣС˳˳ˮɱޣɱ˿ûɱ٣ӲܼѪȳ
Ի˵ǲǾֳѪȡģҸǣҪԵĵ˽ܱ࣬һҪѪʮٱֳ涼ʺϲ˵ĻʲôȥЩѪȵĵˣҪסǲǸе֮ӣȻѡ˸ߣǾҪɱ˻߱ɱ׼
Ȼ˭Ҫǵҳǵһͬġɱ˻Ϊ˲նɱǶҪԼʵʱ㲻ɱˣҲڱɱЩ֮ԻͳͳնɱΪǵʵҡһҵʵǣǽ쵹Ѫеģܾңô
ǿʳǿ档
һ̣ЩΪ֮ӵǣ̵һ
ʵж
ף
ĳԱǴһ
Ե˵ͷԴҵĻش⣬ʱ˵ЩѾ㹻ˣĳԱܸܲһɱ¾ͿԼˡ
üͷһԿԺ棬ɵҶȥɣȽһȥϣӭ͡
ûãһӰԺ棬ǻ
ߵԺ丽üͷΪԺԺԶԻȥң֪ϵסԺ󣬱ᵽһŨŨѪζ
ϾȷԺˣ١
ȴ֪һ㣬ֱԺſڡ


499 ܾ
°ǹӳԱҳʦ̸Щ飬֪𣿡
ѾԺʯϵĳԿԼصˣһ۾ϳ˳ԣ仰ҲǶų˵
ɣԺû
Բ֪ԷԼĿģԵݺȻû̫ҲûнԷ֮⡣
ڳûӭЩССĲã뵽ԼĿģæеĲûȥԺ˽ȥ

΢΢һЦ
Ǻǡ
ҲЦЦֵϲʦڽؿд¼Ѽصһ
ʦִ˷ǰֻΪ˹ϲҶؿ˵һɣ
Цŵ
Ȼǣ
һЦ˹ֱ֣⣬ųʦӦ˵ǰǹӰɣǶӳǰ볽ʦܼǰǹӣ֪ʦܿȤ⣬ǶӳѾ̹ԣֻҪʦԸǹӣԳ֮λ֮
ϣ
û˻԰ǹ˽Ŀصˣʱһæǹӵ˳ԡ
ǹӣȻͷ
˿ϵľ󣬳ԵüͷҲ΢΢һ¶һ˿ݡ
ǹһСǳмŵʮǰٳѡʱŵģʱΪߣ״ʦȻһʱ䣬ͻƵ˸߽״ʦ洫ԺΪһѻΪǰš
꣬ΪһǰǴﵽ˾Ž۷ʦźܴĻͻƵʦΪŵĸƽ̡
ȻΪǿٶȸǰȴӲԴ󣬷ǼǫѷҲľǰİǹӣҲǳΪ洫Ժǰʮ֮һ
ܹΪǹӳϵˣΪ޲Ǵﵽ߽׵ʦ
óԳΪǹӵĳϣ˵俴𳽻ԡ
ǹӶӳ˿ңȷЩܳܿϧڲκһԿǹԵˡ
ǸһЦֱ˵Լľ
ĿͳһЩɢҵܼȥ
ʦܣ㲻濼ǿǣҪ֪ǰǹӿ洫ԺǰʮĴڣǶӳΪҲǴﵽ˵ʦ۷ΣʱпͻƵʦʱΪ˸ƽ̣˵лᾺӳְλ
˵ֻҪԼǹӣԳ֮λ֮ΪԻʮּѡ룬ȴ볽ԾȻֱӾܾ൱عϸɴ࣬ûаˮ⼸е㷴Ӧ
ǹӵĳϣλŶ߽ܿͨ׵ʦˣȻܾ
ôܣ
ΪԼˡ
һ󣬶ųԵȴʱȴǷֳҡͷЦлǶӳˣĲκһԺĳĻһȿǰǹӵġ
ȻҾ;򳽻ʦܵļˡʦ㲻ٺúÿǿǣǶӳͦ˵ġ
ҲóԵȷǲκһҲǿ󣬵һվȥ
ո̤ԺһӰǷڽ
ѽŨѪζոǲˣ
Ƿ
ֱ߽Ժ䣬ڳԵ˵ע£ֱߵһʯ£ſʵϣǲˣ
ͷû뵽ʱλ̾Ȼˣæ˵Ѿͷʲô
Ҫܣֲġ
ϲشԼɽĿƳ򳽻ԣ´һۣȴҡͷһ￴ȥͨͨģô°ٳѡǰؿ˵ĵһأһֻ˿ǰ޹˺ߵļ¼ôģ
Ӧþǳ԰ɣСӲشңشҺòãԺǲˣǲ鷳˭ȥ˵һЩˣǺԶɸɣɵ컪¥ȥִһˣ˶ӦþǺԶɵȺˡ
ų˵ǲȺ鷳ˣҪҪȥѾͻƵĽ׵ʦˣȺȻҲĽ׵ʦĻһоܰſ¡ôҪҪҰæ
Ǻǣлˣ鷳ѾˣԺŲȺţҲȺˡ
ԶŮӵֱӵЩ⣬ԼزʶģһһѵĻҲ֪ȽܽԼǸոտ˵Լ֪ء
ȺţҲȺˣʲô˼㣬òὫȫɱ˰ɣ
ü룬뵽ԺѪζʱˣһ毺õӶʱЩ԰
ԵͷûԶɵͼڵĳǳأȻܷŹǡҽҪ㹻ʵ˾ͽˡ
Ȼôˣ
ȻЩܲһӾôˣܿ뵽һ£Ǿǳɱôˣ϶ҪܴܺĳͷȺеЩˣɸ洬Ա洫Ӱˣɱô洫ӣ϶ᱻ洫ԺԺֲץȥͷģ㻹ǿ뿪ɣȻˡ
˵Ѿͷ㵽Ǹﰡֺһ㶼ɣͱˣɱȺЩ飬ǾʦģǲҲ绹ûʲôǾȻͼ˺֣ɱ˾ɱˡ
϶
ԭүү㣬ѹˡ
ŻȻȴǲ῵ϣǶų˵˸Ҳɱôɱϻجεġɣ뵽ҵķ˪Ժұ㣬Ҫ۸㣬ҰͲɱˣô


500 ̫Ե˰
ǰԼĿĸ˵˳ԿسҪĿĲΪ˪󣬶˵Ϊ˱Լ
Ѿͷҵ
һ͵Ůӡ
˪󡭡
һʱЩͷ󣬡Ѿͷ㲻ǳԴҩ˰ɣȻ볽ֵܼ˪ǿȫŮӵ
ȫŮӵôˣǰҲһֱҪ˪ȥҽӦˣҼھ׼˪ˡص㣬ҲһɡԺˣͶǷ˪ˣһᱣǵġ
һͷӡ
ʲô£
صһһ仰û˵ôǣԼˣⲻҲǹ
ɲȫŮӵɱء
ôѵǲͬ⣿
һֱۣʵ
Ȼͬ⡣
˼ͬʱڡ
ѾͷֱӸɣҵ˵˪Ϊ椣ֲǲ֪ѾϲˣϲҲϲңȻǲȥ椡ֵҲϲˣ϶Ҳμӷ˪ġˣ԰Сȥڻء
ϺٺٵЦš
˭˵ҵģˡ룬Ҳ룬ѾĳԱˣҲ뵽ȥ
ص㷭˸ۣһﾹȻԼƳҲ̫˰ɡ
㣬ǡ
Ŷ˵ĻһСʱͨ죬쵰ȻǷ˪󵱳ϱĵطˣҲ̫޳ˣߣǲˣһ˷ʱءԣ㿼ǵôҪҪ뵽Ƿ˪ȥ뵽Ƿ˪˵ҵĽ㶼ָΪŶҽǾŽ۷ʦйʦļ¼еĸƽ̣Դҽ㶼ǿͿġָ㣬˵ܿͻƵʦء
£
ͻȻһǿһ绪ŮӰŵĵӣǽĿеŮ׷˿Դɽŵɽˣǵһˡ
ǰûܹϷ£츳˵ǿģ϶ڷȴû̫ȤȤھ棬ȻҲᱻ˳ΪСˡ
һ㣬ǾǷµ츳ʵ̫ǿˣ񲻹ʮһΪȴѾǴﵽ˾Ž۷ʦµ츳ӵпԪľţҲþܹȵϡ
ڣͻȻãҪ˵˭Ϸ£ֻһĪˡ
ԣ
ֵܣʵ˪ͦģҲһҪ˪ʱȥôҸǵĸҲʶһߣóʱ㵹ǿȥдд裬ܲѧϰһЩΣ
Ҳ֪ԵƢԣ˵ȥ˪䣬Կ϶ֱӾܾ˵óǾͲһˡ
֪Ѿŷѩ񳽻ôˣٶŮֺηԺﲻǾѾŮ
ŮˣòΪһóΪ֮
Ҫ˵Ϸ£˵ϳԡ
ҲΪ˳룬Ͼ¿ɲʲôƿ
ǡ
϶ԳȻЩ˽⣬Ҳ˽⡣
ڸϣԿĿɲǱ˵
ʱˣǾȥ˪ݷһλɡ
ص˵ͷ
֪һλŽߣԵȷЩĶˡ
ΨĽҪƣ֮ǰܹһŽд裬ΨĽԤ벻á
ιǶ˪ǲǣ
ԸϾȻֱʱΪգǲ˪Ժ̤˪󡣺ߣҽ̽ŶûС
ţ
Եüͷ΢΢
Ҳ̫Ե˰ɣ⼸үǣǼȫŮ˵ⲻҪǵ𣿡
Ҳüͷ˵ˣʱȥ˪ֲ㣬㣬˵ûžûŰ
ǵȻ˵ˣȥҽ̽ʵҽǾŽ۷ʦʲôΪǸ۷ʦѣҽĶѧõ𣿡
˵ĿͻȻһдд轣ǶʹԪΪ͵رԽҪܹҵ֧ʮеĻҾͬǲ˪ˡҪʮж֧Ųˣ͹ԹԵؼ뵽˪ȥôҲҸұȣɲһСŮս㶼ҴӦ˰ɣ
ʱ򣬷ٲȻǰ˵ԼһƾܽȺӸĵĽ׵ʦ
Ѿͷⲻ۸ôһΪǼԪΪ뽣棬ǲʹԪʹýҲûκһʦֵܹסɣ
ϲ֪ԵĽһ⻰;÷۸ˡ
صɫȴЩۼʶ˳ԵĿ½֪ڵĽǺεȿ¡
رǵ޴İɫ֮֮󣬸˲󣬻ʩչĽصһ׳Խ˺׵Ľˡ
ȻóԼųƺ˲ٰɣ
۸ˣʹԪĻҿһŮӣѵһŮӵսҽˣĻҪҽָҲ㶫ѧһûеˣûʸ
ߺߵ˵
㡭
ˡ
齣վĿһɨԺ䷶ΧҲСǾԺΣ
ţӦˣ
۾ʱһû뵽ԾȻӦôˬ죬ЩԤˣΪԻʲôء


501 ս
ãȻӦˣǾԺһɣҲһе飬ϾܽˣǵɴӦҵŶӲʮУɾҪ뵽˪ȥˡ
˵ţҲϵһɫԺ롣
֣ûаգ
ߵߣЩǵʵ
ϣųЩģһСѾͷˣųӦ
ص§ſϵļЦһҲġ
ԵĽеľһп»Ѱ֡
İɣȫŮӵһء
Ը˿һĵЦݣǸߵԺ롣
ɣ
ûйֱ˵
ٺ٣ʵҪʮ֮ھܽ
ٺһЦϸȻʣͬһ㣬Ʈ˳ԡ
Լ飬һֻ㣬һǿҵУ̲סС
еϸȴǵһʱɱգۼ˳Եǰ
վԭأ·һ㣬вЩʧֳ
ѾãͲҪֻҪһˡ
һó԰ܱ
ݣ
ȷֻһ
볽ֻʣ֮ʣλȻͣ£һĨŨŨĲ˼飬յеһ׹⣬δȫع̲סһ֮
ã
Եһӣֱվ֮ɢ
ܣǾ֮Ҳô죬ľ֮ôǰɫģôôܣô쵽ģ
عĿжʱ˼⡣
ԼҲ˾֮ɱ֮ԵͺһС֮
ûʲôܣĽ޵ĲǽǱġʵ㻹δʱҾͿԻˡȥתɣҶĽЩȤȰٳѡνһȥݷϣͻˡ
ԵҡҡͷǶſϺص˵ҽݡ
ʱѾˣŵϴ󣬸ոڷʱվԭһΪԳɫУһӲסȴʱ̣ͻȻֱӻ˷
һ
ȻֻһԾͽˣǿ֮ǰ붼ȥ顣
Ҫ֪ĽǱ֮һЩͨĸ߽׵ʦߣҲضãȻڳԵϣȻһӲ
гһ仰Ľޣ޵ĲǽǱġ
дԼԼô·һ·
Ľޣ޵ĲǽǱģ
ų߽ıӰĬˣȴǻصųԸո˵Ļ
֪Լˣܵúܳס
ԵĻȴһţ·ҵһǰδ߹ķ
仰ұҪȥ߽㣬ʲôԣһġ
ؿ۳ԵıӰһ뿪Ժ䡣
Ժ󣬳ûжķϻֱӽϸصˣȫ뵽˷ռ䵱С
տʼԾȻпռ䱦ϸص㶼쳣𾪣֪ռ䱦ʥغ𾪾ֱӱɺȻˣϰ춼ز
ҲδͣǲҪй¶ȥԼǶԳȥ
һ·ϣԿ˶ڶָָ㣬мǰԴڨڿûйЩģӦǿٸ
ʱ򣬵ͯѾվȺʱۼԵæӭȥصϲʦؿ˵һǰ޹˺ߵļѼʦѾڸںʱˣ
Цŵ˵ͷڵͯ
ܿ죬Աڵ
Ѿһ裬ųԹȥ
Ը߽Ŀ䵽˳ϣüͷ΢壬ոյɱ˲ˣȺŵˣ
ţȺŵģȫɱˡ
ûֱӵͷ˵
û£ȺҲûʲô£˷˲ٵԴĨҲûʲôʱȥϼһкǣԺҪиȺһ鷳ģֱӸɵǣøɵӡ
˵ͷҲô⡣
ͻȻǷʲôһĿʱڳ´ţЩȷæʵΪͻˣ
ܹܵԵΪȷǽˣһһǰ㣬ܹȷԵΪ״ﵽʲôΣԲŻдһʡ
ԲԼΪЦŵͷտڼ䣬һζΪ˲٣պͻƵʦ
ȿȡ
տʼƽɫΪΪȲǺܴ󣬶һڲУȻԵĻǸҪ̽ȥĲˮʱǺ˳ȴ·ûоƵģֱץ˳Եֱۣһº͵Ԫ뵽ԵڣϸӦ
Ƭ̺ɿ˳ԵֱۣϸֳŨŨݣǵʦԪŶ೤ʱ䣬㾹Ȼʹ۷ʦͻƵһ׵ʦ⡭
Ѿ֪˵ʲôźˡ
֮ǰϷ˵ԵٶξˣʱҲûϣϾſԪ壬һ㹻Դʱϵٶȣգ֮󳽻ԵٶȻȿϿ졣
Ȼ¡
֪ʲôٶˣ
ٶȡ
֮ǰŵгֵŷ£ſԪĿϣ𳽻ˡ
ֵܣܸܲң㵽ôģ⣬Źһ찡һʱ䣬ʹ۷ʦͻƵһ׵ʦ
ĲȥˣһֱٶȣͻƵʦö೤ʱ䣬ʮꣿꣿꣿṆ̀


502 Ԫ
Цһûôϣٶȿ󣬡ҲֻһȽϴĶ򣬶һЩֶΪ
ԣͷûȥѯʳʹõʲôֶΣÿ˶Լܣʲôرǿˡ
ող̽ΪʱҲ֪ԵĸûвȶҲ˵ԲΪΪͻٵԼĸ
ȻѾͻƵ˵ʦ֮սӦþ͸ˡϣû뵽ȻμӰٳѡΣû뵽ȻĽѧˡ
Щεҡҡͷ
ϵʵȷǺǿ
֣صص˵ͷȻδϽ֣Ҳ̵׳ϵʵжôֲ¾ͨĽ׵ʦҲþĶ֡
ȻΨĽԪʱԵɷϳϣûаٷְٵİա
ΪԳϣûн֣Ͳ֪ϵʲôֶΣʲôĵơ
ڵǽֵĻʤܾ֮ˡ
ǺǣҲҪ̫ѹȻѾͻƵ˵ʦǿž񵤶ҲǺܴˣﻹԪȥһţȳ߽׵ʦʱٷһš
˵֮䣬һǳźĵҩ
һɵ㣬ʱ
ԪһֱȹԪҩЧǿʮٱĵҩǸ߽׵ʦҲ֮գ뷽跨صõ
Ȼڣȴһ־͸š
һڷãһ߽׵ʦʱá
߽׵ʦõĻɹͻƵļʴﵽ˳ϣ˵ǱͻƵ߽׵ʦ
ãһԪٿΪһȽ࣬ʱϵ֣ܾ֮Ҫ仯ˡ
ܹͻƵ׵ʦԽ߳ɵİգܳϡ
ϸģһᾡµһġ
Բδ飬Ԫ˹
óǳµһǵһϸȥĴͺܴˡ
ԪĻֻɰգһԪ߳ɰգһҲδƭǫ飬Ϊ˽ҲҪһԪ
ˣҲ˵ҵſյĵؿ˱ǡ
Ц˵ͻȻüͷһпˡ
Ȼһ£ͯ˽ʦƽ˵㡣
ɡ
˵ͷ
һԵĳԿ򵥵һĻȴΪ죬ƽҪȻҪõͯʾҿӣĻȫԲ
ʲô
һʱЩԡ
ϸ磬ȻƽҪ㣬иˣ
վѯʵƽ϶иʲô飬Լݵλվǵ˵㣬ûʲôô
ã
̧̧֣ʾ⳽£Сҿ϶ҲΪ飬ãҲڲˣʲôǲ֪ġ
ԣһůȫˣҲٶ˵˵ͷ¡
ûƬ̣˽
ףԣ㾹ȻҲҿãԭȻΪڿϵԺһȥȻһӰδ֣û뵽㾹Ȼ
һǿԵĳԣҲǸֳһ˿˷ܵЦ⣬æǰ
Ÿ߳αǶסˣΪʱŷӦԾȻԣվԱߡ
رǣֻƽȻûһ˿֮⡣
Լƽ̣
֮ǰ䳡ϾѾһι죬˿̹һ˳Ҳվ˹֡
ȴޱ𺳣ϵŲֻһͨĳô򵥣ҲûϵȻŵڡ
ոչĳƺɾڰ
ԣôģֵܣԺСؼ㣬ҪͯһؽһʦС£Сء
Ц˵㻹֪ҵݰɣʵڰ˰ǰոհᵽӿʱҾ͸ˣŵ㱲֣ϵˣӵһƽ̵Сأܹʮƽˡ
ˣ˰ٶꡭ
Զʱ
һ߾Ȼܹ˰ٶ꣬ǲ˵
ʦ
ֻΪͻƵʦпܻôãýͣȻһʦǿߡ
ܿ죬Եɫƽ
һʦѣϻõΪѾǸ߽ʦ˰ɣ
зǻָ۷״̬¾ǾŽ۷ʦҲܻĶ֡
ߣԻһССʱۼһޣʯ
ҲΪԼһۼһʦŻЩ𶯶ѡ
ǺǣСذҳӦµһİɣ
Ц˵
ȷǳϱֳʵ̫ǿˣԵмְգܹܳϣµһǰڿԺûҵ죬û뵽ԾȻҲ
Ҫùλƽ̳ƺΪʦ壬ʱ仹вڡ
Ϊո˵ĻѾ캧ˣʵ벻ףԾǸڳʲôԻҩȻڶôãȻҪԼλƽ̣ƺΪʦ壿
Ȼ˵óԶµһܵ취ΪɣڲŸոͻƵʦϻһֱûУѵ㲻ʲôģ
Ц˵ͬʱԴ˸ɫ
пЦǰթ찡
뵽ԼŵĵӶûϣͿʼթƽ̣ԵĶͷϾ̲סðкߡ


503 Ӧýʦ
УҵĿռָͷ˲ٱ
Ҳ룬ֱһ֣һâǷ˳Ưڳǰ
ִһۿȥЩҲʮ
ҴЩɢϢ͵ȽףȻﵽ˺гϡ
һԶеһļ£ȻǺ۷ĲΡ
԰ΪǺǿһ׵ʦҾȸһЩײεıˣЩױҲ㹻ʹõˡҲҪƷ׵ͣʲôʱͻƵ˸߽׵ʦһЩױ
Ц˵
óױĻЩ᲻ãױÿһǾ춯ذĴڣӿһױžԻǲĸǰȥᡣ
ԣСظͼ񣬻£
һ˵
ǾͶлƽˡ
ԲδͷһֽЩȫ뵽˿ռָС
Щԣò󣬵ǽЩȫ
Ǿ÷ΪָһܸߵĲΡ
ʮУѾܵһ۷屦ϳ˱ʣµȫǺгˡ
ȫ÷ˣ÷Ϊٻָн׵ʦ
Էн׵ʦΪȫԶһ̤ƽԶ뻪ɡ
Сذո͸ԵЩ͵ʦļˡ߳ԶµһİգܻҪˡ
ŹЦЦ
ԣ촽ɳ鶯¡
ʦļ
ʲôʱʦֶʦʱʦֶüʦ壬ʦüʦֶģ
⻰Ȼ˵ģȻǲаΥæֹ˵ʾ
ܼ򵥣Կܻδĸֽ֡ҿɣȥ㳽֪ʲôŽĸ֡ס˶׼ʹԪ͵ʹʽԵС
۾˵
㳽֪ʲôŽĸ֣
ţûΥڵ˼
ҪԼ䵱ѵأ
ƽ̣ʦεľ֣¾ȻҪһոսʦëͷСӣ
⡭
ҪǴ˳ȥԼôͣ
ѵ˵ǸëͷСӣԼʦ壿
ôСأѵ㲻Ը𣿿ǹ˶£㲻ԸĻֻͷϵˡߡ
¶ԥ֮ɫʱŭ
վһȴǲԲ֪ⶼΪãҲǳĸֽԡ
ȻȻԸ⡭
æӦ
϶ǲ䵱ģȻʱṳ̂ˡ
ţǾҵдһϣȵ峿óԷԪ
ص˵ͷһӣһƬտռ·С
һƬӵԵĿռ䡣
ҲԳǶռ䡣
ռ䵱еĿռһռȴܹû̫ʱ䣬Ϊﵽ߽ʦ
ռ֣ȴȫ㹻ˡ
ȥɡһ濴ǵġСأɱ͵ϵܣҲҪˡ
ŶЦ
˽ǵͷҲǸмؿ֪ڸԼᣬԼպᣬ˵ʵΪʶ
˿Ƭռ󣬱ǷһľҵУΧռ䶼ܿ㣬Զʩչˡ
ԣȶֻȶ֣
ʹõһ󵶣ȴǽ󵶷˵ϣȿ볽Զս
룡
Ҳ˵ֱӰγ齣ɫƽ
ãҿɸ˵ˣȻǶʹԪҪһУҲǺܼѵ顣ܹϳʮУôʹһ׵ʦΪնɱһĽ׵ʦҲ쳣ɵ顣
һЦ˵͵ǰ塣
ȻûʩչԪԵۻҵĸо
ÿ죡
ͷһݣĲʵ̫ˣҴŸһǿҵĳУ׾ͻĵӶ׽סʱһٻɱ
ΨĽ
Ҳ룬붨״̬Ȼһնɱ
Ľʱܣ˸ڣùĲ΢΢һͣҲ¶Ȼǳ˳ǰ״
ĶնɱأԸû뵽㾹Ȼֽܹǡȵȣʲô״̬붨㾹Ȼܹ붨
챻Եһϲɸֳһ˿ݣ͸ܵһ״̬״̬ҲͻƵʦ֮ʷŸܵ
ȴû뵽˿̾ȻӳԵϣܵһ״̬
һ޷ܵסľʱĿо
Ҿ֪Сؿ϶ᱻϵܸסߣСƳϵܣʦҲҪñ׼
棬ǰһĻʱشЦ
Ц£ͻȻ˼üͷԵһƺûпȻ⾳λˣȴԵΪֲڣǸոմδƵһ׽ѵ
뵽ĳֿܣʱŴͣ׽ĪԼģ
ֻͨĽǲ˵ؾȻһ׽ȴܹиܵһĶնɱصĸо¾һʦõˣҲΪϲȫ
һ׽ֱ³˽ǽˣƷܴﵽгˡ
Ȼһ׽ȻǳԴġ
µΪȴǵʦΪ
һʦʦܹ³˽
ţľţǳϣֳڳϵǰˡʲôţͷҽǳʶˡ


504 Ǿ
һ
ͻȻ֣Լÿһ볽һԼ޴𺳡
ϵһμ棬Լʹ֮Ȼ͸˿ٵ죬˫ؿУȻǴǰ޹˺ߵĸ߷ּ¼ٵڣʩչԼ³˽
֪ʲôŰ
츳Ǻ£û㹻ʵǶһֻȽǿ׳ϰˡԣպһϵʱ䣬һȫλָ㡣ȵô߹вС
Ҳͬˣһ״ֲڵĽǸմãȴܹʩչֻ˵һ⣬һ׽Լġ
һ˿֮ģʱӹĵð
Ҳʹǳ뿴ܴܲ߹С
뵽һ㣬첻ԥٶȼӿ첽ȥ
һУ衣
Ȼ٣һĻյУһ죬׷Ǹ°ٶȣ˳Եļ
ݣ
ȻϾҪ䵽Եļʱһİ׹ͻȻӳԼӿơ
ţ
üͷһæƳ˻ȥĻܾҪˣƿûԪ
ոǾ֮
쾲վųʵ
Ե˵ͷǳϡ
ʱѾޱȣʦսʶʵ̫ǿˣʩչ˾Уγ֮䣬ȻҲ˲˹˿ֻܴĹ
ףһֵսʶսɣεؿˡ
Ҫһزкܳһ·Ҫ߰
û뵽㾹Ȼ˾֮ɡ
ܹ֮Щ˹ԤϣҲ֮У΢󣬱ǷӦ˹΢΢һЦ˵
Ե˵ͷҲ˵һ˸ŴĿ׹ľ֮Ϊһ޴⣬Ź쵱ͷն¡
ΨĽ
˿ֱ̣ʹþ֮ʩչΨĽ
ûԪӳ֣ҲȻ𵴣ֱиȥ
ɫľ֮һôشִ⡭
һĻʱŴ۾ǰһĻ
֮ɫľ֮һ˴ִ˵Ǽֱû˵
ȹأˣ㳽ϵֵģ㶰㶵ģһϵʱ䶼Ҫȥˡ
ڹ֮ʣԺб
һ죬Զԣϵǻ֮ȥ
Դ˿̵ı֣һƽ
˦˦ͷ쾹ȻҲԼ붨״̬ΪֻܹȷԼΪԵı֣𾪵״̬ȥ
ڣӦеı˰ɣȻЩҵԤϣҪ֧ʮУҲûôס
쵭һЦȫƽ͵ӭųʩչΨĽȥ
˿ȻûеԪֳսԲͨĵʦܿ⡣
ΪǹǶȣǹٶȣѾǳѰʦļޡ
ʱ˿̣һн׵ʦܹڹ֧żС
Ҳ뿴ܹƽ֧ŶУ
Ҳ˷֮ɫ֮Ȼն¡

гͬ˳ȥӿֱӽʩչȥΨĽ˷顣
٣Ҫ֧ʮУƾЩͣǲء
ЦһٶȻǡ
Ѹٲһ
ʮ󣬳ڽ˹кǵ˳ȥæͣ
ĹǶʵ̫ˣ񾳽ﵽ붨״̬ҲÿһжֵǲʱͣĻһмпܻˡ
ô˰ɣ
һЦ
ƽ̲ƽ̣ܽˡ
ЦһδǶඪ£ԷһʦһźʦԼܹ¶ԷУѾǲˡ
ţǼʲôʱܹ֧ʮУı־ϸˡ
ص˵ͷ
УȴҲǼ𶯡
տʼΪϣҲָֻܼһУȻ̶ʮʱȻʩչУֱУԲں䡣
ţ
սţ
Ӹո볽Խڼ䣬ѾȫףԼǰˣһսţսʶǿ˼ȸ߽׵ʦĲΡ
Ѿﵽ˿ȾŽ۷ʦĸ֡
ٺ̣˵ﵽ˸߽׵ʦܹʦǿߣƸ߽׵ʦܻʦĹ򣬴һ񻰳
Ž۷ʦ෨Լ˽⣬Žϴļʻһʦǿߣ߽׵ʦҪһʦȫΪ㡣
ڹ쿴򼴽ҪƵĿԣֻҪɳɳ߽׵ʦͻźܴĿܹһʦǿߡ
ոմһеˣϢʮӣʮӺټƽ̹С
ȴϥ£û֡
ոչʩչУҪʮӵʱ䣬֮һһ⣬úýЩһջҲܴ󣬿Ҳͬ
£Ҳ㶣û뵽ԾȻѡϢϣУ͸ֳһĨɫ
֪ʮӵʱúոսʱ򣬺һν֣ܹһ
ʮӵʱרĵ˼ŸոսΡ
ÿһУȫؽֽ⿪һһн
ͬʱҲڷʽͬʱѰƽЩʽķʽ
һֱʮ֮󣬳Էɫƽվ


505 ̫
Ϣˣ
Цʵ
ˣƽָ㡣
Ц⡣
ãСģ
ͷһЦ͵سɱϡ
һΣڹϣ֧ʮУźͣ¡
ʮУСӣȻҵϣ֧ʮУ⣬ôܣ
һֱԺͣ£ͣ϶򳽻ԵĿ⣬ȴǳŨŨ𺳣񿴹һؿǰߡ
һȻԼ֧ʮУ
֮ǰ컹óҲܹ֧һУԼ֧ŸУȴû뵽ԾȻֱ֧ʮУսС
ոն֮󣬹ͳ볽ԵĽ֮УһֱʮУûзӦֱԺͣ£Żع
ոһսȻֻʮУȴǼع񫡣
Ѿܾûжˣ˵һ־͹ôУǳԺͣ£Щ᲻þʹ˰ݡ
ƽ̣ҵϢһ£εϢͷСţȵȡ
˵ţԲ˵ĻᣬֱϥԺѸٵŸո콻ʱһһʽ
⡭
죬˵Ϣɣٹ
뵽Լ볽֮ʵ࣬û˼ѻ˵ڡ
ֹǹ𾪣һֱĹ۲Ҳͬĵ𾪡
̲סһֿڣСһȫҴ
̫ˣһ̣λŵڣʦǿߣҲԴùǺ
ͷ֮󣬳Էŵڶվ
һοվ쾹Ȼе˷ܸУû˷ܣŰСʱȵúƵġ
Կֱ飬Ҳ㶣֪ô¡
ƽ̾õˣ룡
Ȼȥϸ룬ѾǰʩչʮУȫؽѾ˾ӦԷҲൢȥϣܹڹ϶ѧϰС
ã
˿̹Ҳ쳣ظɴ࣬ͷӦٶȳųԳɱȥ
ʮУ
һս֧ʮУڱȹʩչһǴУֵס䡣
ƽ̣һҿҪϢʱˣģԳȥϸ졣
ԶŹòع˹֣Ҳػϥȥ
ι⣬㡭
æ̧̧֣ȴûסԣۼѾ£ҲǼΡ
ʱǲ볽ȥϢһͷǷǳ뽫ٴսʮغϣԽԽá
뵽ԵΪϾǳҲûκΰ취뵽سǰĿⲻһ첻ܴʹ죬Ͱس£Ȼսҹ
Ѿܾû֣ΪڵսѾȴȴ˿̾ȻԸȼܡ
ʱ󣬳ԴѹûжķϻȶŹС
һν֣΢Щ࣬ʩչʽȴӾ¾ףǿҵУҲǷӵ̶ȡ
һν֣ͷڼʩչʽȻǳһǧУ
ѾȫǳսУѾûдʹΪҪȵسһŻʹ죬û뵽ʱ󣬾ͷ·˷ܼһ㣬ԽսԽ£˲䳹׵صȼڵս
ͷΪʹԪΪɥʧŴͣս
ˬ죬ܾûдôˬˣԣԺʲôʱҪһҪǵõһʱҡ
ս󣬹˰ϵĺˮĳԵļ˵
⻰ҪǱ˸ȥһᾪŵ°͡
ƽ̣Ȼһµ˵ʲôʱҪһҪһʱֻ¶ԷƵġ
ţսˣͷҶ˯ˣ
ʱһâһռ㱻ȥС
ոռ˽ʱ½սܲ˴뿪˯ȥˡ
̫ˣһոͻƵһ׵ʦȻʦѷʤһֱȥĻ޵ݡ
ȻսˣǾͱ˷ʱˡСأȥϢɣͦʬˡϵܣϢһͿʼ̷Ԫͻưɡ
Ƶ˵
ǣ칧
һĳڳԶ𣺡ҺڴյĵסϺǿֻһͿɲĽ׵ʦʱпͻƣɱ¾ȻСɣҪСġصĻڳԶƣȻ߳˷š
һأû뵽ϵľ羹ȻԼ߳ףСɱ¾Ǿ졣
˵ģڵĳԲǳϵһ֮С
ڽ֮ǰ֮ҲͲһˡ
͹ʦǿԵʵȻǿ࣬Ȼڲ£Ȼǿ˲١
ǿһأ¶һЦ⣬
͵ϥ̯ȻǽӲӵԪ
һ̷£Ա˫ĿʼԪʦǿòŵƻͻơ
ԿʼԪҲҴ⣬ַһɫĹȦķɳ˳ϣӷĵԪ
Ԫ޷ŵԪ̽е˲䣬㻯ΪһƽɫҺ壬ʽڣ͸Ѫ⡢һԣϢˡ
ˡ
ɫҺڳڴתʹ֮Уһɺƴ󡢾ڳԽһȦɫ𶯣¶һ˿ϲ⣬ૣϵܹȻǵ˰һҰ˰Ը
˵⻰ʱԪҺȻʮ죬ȫԽľ⣬һ㣬ϢԽԽǿ


506 Թ
һյʱȥ
һνɫҺڳһʽ½˵֮ڡ
䣡
ըһ㣬ӴϢڳԵڳ֣Ⱦ֫ٺֻͥһޣ˲ѣһɶ׵ʦϢϺɨԺɨǧϯײ˹ϣһ죬·ˡ
һֱԱ߹۲쳽ԵȻ򵽳ϢбĹâ޾ϲɫĳԣЦϲϵܣû뵽һͻƶ׵ʦӵ˲׵ʦϢľȻҲǿ˲٣նһˡ
һлøлϸƽ̣ҲͻƵô졣վһ˵оԼȫʹʮ㣬޲ھͺͳϴսһ
úúãϸţڵ㣬ǶϳϣʹܻʤҪҲô򵥵ġЦ⣬һ˵֣ɼԳԵ⣬ǶԼľеӢޱȣԣһŻع鱾ڵĸǣ
ţԵͷһƬս⡣
ˣͻƶ׵ʦϤεʣ°գ׵ʦɣЦ˵ϸţһܹţӿǬԪ
һģĿƣ˫ֲ֪ս
Ҫǿ̫꣬ˣﵽʦľ磬һǿߵʸûУȥǰ֮ǰȥѰŷѩˣվӿǬԪĵһ
ڶ죬һ⻮ƺڰ䵽ŵʱġɫŵӴӷ˳ͬķȥ
䳡
޴ĸ̨ڣǧɵ䳡ϡ
ÿһ̨ɴСķĸɫɢĵһڸ̨ϣԨ纣Ϣƴ̫ϳµķ֣ԵֵŽ۷ʦ߿ʩչѧͨú±̨ƻѡ
ڸ̨ϡ棬ʯλãӣŵӺӿԺĿ̨ϵڱ̨棬һʯУƽ̹λãʮųϴӵţӿλ¶ɡ
һءڶأǰʮУϽϢƣ˼ʾǿϢС
ʮˣһߣ
ŵӺ͸峤ĿⶼʮϣĿǻڳԡϺصϡ
ʣˣǽվԵǣ
ֻУ˭ǿ˭˭УͲ֪ˡ
Ⲣ˵Ĳ²⣬о󲿷ΪǿΪ׵ʦľ¶ɣʮоߵģɱ¾ͬ޵У
ҲһΪԱȳϸǿʮǿߣڵһغ͵ڶضȡ˵һȻ¶ʵһдܺųӿһŵ죬ӱǿˣοڵڶصĻֿȳ϶֣ѵ⻹˵Եʵȳǿ
һ˾Ȼ
ʲôֻڵһغ͵ڶȡõһˣ㲻ʵرԹزǱȶʵʱ򣬵ʱҲܹܳϣһŵӲм˵ǰǹӳԱ𳽻ԣȻҲϡ
ߣô˵϶ڵһغ͵ڶذܸ˳ԣҲ⣬οԵľ֮ѾﵽСɣһʦκȽϣһ˵ڽţ֪Խ޵ݣȻϣܹ뽣ţȴ֪Լųͳìܡ
ɸҺҴģ𵤣
ãҺģ
ŵӴһ۱һĶԽԽĵӼ
Ҷĳϵһǧ𵤣
Ҳĳϵһǧ𵤣
˶ĳԵһ𵤣

һӲⳡĶ
֣û뵽˾ȻӮϺٺЦ˸ĪĹâ
ҪҲĶİɣصЦ
ԣԿ˿һۣͷ˵Ͷʮ𵤺ˡ
û⡣ϴЦһǰȥ˵ʮ𵤣ҶĳԵһ˭ҺҶģ
˻
ʱȫһƬ
ʮ𵤣ɲһСĿѰʦûҲֻЩ߽׵ʦõóˣʮҲô׾ܹóģʮ𵤶ĳԶһһ
ɶѵôųܹܳ𣿡ɫĿ¶׹⣬ڳԼѣûʲôɫģţвŭ죬һ̤Һģ
ãϼһ˿ɫܿӦ
ߣҵҪкʵ򳽻ԣĿͱˡ
ƺˡЦ
ߣһһĳϣ˵ϣҪܳԣҪʧźãУ㲻ҪǽŵĳǸʵŵӣ¾ҪʧˣһᣬǴܰڵˣ
Ҳ㣿ʵ
ȻЦ
ߣⲻģҳ֪ôһ˿ӡ˵꣬ʯһ˫Ŀͬһһ㡣
ɫѿ˼㣬ȴҷΪ̫ǿˣǿҪĵز˫ֽգţһ죬һҵĽģгԣ


507 Լ
˳һۣѸתλãȴǱԲ׽еɱ⣬΢΢üڿǷҲҸҲɱˡ

ʱƴӳϯϴֻƽ̹վһǣĿɨȫ֮žԶоһľĸо֪ת£ƽ̹Ĳ໹ܴ
Ŀɨڳͣһ£¶Ц⣬ջĿ⣬ת䵽˳Եʮϣ˵ڽеرԹأǰ˿ɳΪ洫ӣԷΪ֣£һ֣ʮ˽ᱻֳ飬ÿһʮˣΪԱԣǰʮˣ
еڶ֣ʤʮ˻ᱻֳ飬ÿˣÿһĵӷֱ뱾˽֣ʤһһ֣һһ֣߷Ϊķ֣ܷǰʮ߽һ֣ǰӣΪ洫ӡǺƴ˷ûУ
ˣԵʮص
ãڿʼ飡һ¡
֮һվ
ֵһ飡
ڶ飡
ֺӵ飡
һ飡

һʮ˱ֵ飬һ飬ڶ飬ʮ飬ڶ飬صһ飬顣
ϣʮһ鱻ֵ̨
˷֣ڶǰʮǿƽķֽС飬һˣˣˡ
Ȼⰲŵģǰʮǿǰ
һ㣬Ҳо
̨һ˽۷ʦУһСԳԱ
ֶ
ֵ
ֺӶꬣ
СгһС
Ժڵڶ̨£ǵʵ̨ϵˡ
һԽͳˡ
һ飬ʤ
ڶ飬ʤ
飬ֺʤ
ʼеڶСԡ
ضҵ
Σ
ʮԺ
£ʮͬʱվһۣǰ߰ʮ㣬Ц˭ȴ֣ܶ
ãʮ壬һ޽áַ䣬ҵѳ̨ϡ
ˣҲɣϢƴɽ¡һ䵽̨ϣ̨·ҡһ㣬Ķ¶ɫһҧ𣬳ְɣ
õɽӣƸ죬һȭ̹ϣʱػɳȥһѪ
ʤг
ЦͻȻŨüһת̨ȥֻʮѾڣȻվڳߣޱĿ϶ʱ¶˾ɫʵǿˣ
ʮκ飬ĮȻͷ
ԣʱһ£±̨ʮĿ䱳ĳϣоĽһȻҡͷ׷ˣǲģһսĿʮ
ҵһ죡ʮ
ʤҪٴοڵʱһ̨гϵֻһµشӱ̨ƮʩʩȻվڴߡ
ԣڴһս캬Ц˵
ҲǣԻصһԼΣңҴӦһҪ󣬷ܸ֮ңҲӦһҪ󣬺ܵؼΣֵܿɶţذ˽۷ʦǴﵽŽ۷ʦĵزֻһͿͻƵʦʵһֱ뽫սĴ㡣
ߣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ۾Ҵ޼ѵΪԴҴ𣿡˵УɲϿɳԡ
סڣǳܵܣתԳ˵ãҴӦ㣡
һΪԴ˷ܵ˵ܹҲɽǱյӴᣬǰʮˣ˳Ϻ⣬˿ɶԱˣʩҲѾӦˣǳȡõһ
֣ʵɲǲӲӥ˵
ǺǣҪĲ˲𣿡ԺǺЦ
ԣ˼ĵͷ
һʮҲѵõĵͷ˵Ҫһ󣬱ҪɽЩţ
ң
ܷԺ
϶ƣ
ʱʼֱԣгѡȫʱһƬ𺳣û뵽ôͳˣ˵Ŀⶼ䵽˳ϵϣһ£һŽʽӡ
Ӱӵж¶֮⣬Ƕǿߵľͳ
ৣ
ԭһģӰ̨ϣϵӰתʵĮȻĿŶơ
ϣһݴ㣬ӲͷƤ˵ְɣ
̫ˣ
Ŀ񷣬ͬһˡ
㡭У
Ȼ³ϵƣ裬Ҳŭϡ
ˡ
ַ䣬罣ϯɽһײϣֱǽײɵ˱̨λãһѪзֵĻѾ̨ˡ
ʤгޱ
һֻëһ㣬ƮƮ䵽̨£¡
صǱ̧ȥ
ʵ̫ǿˣ˽۷ĴʦƲһ֮С
˶þȣΪƺͳ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣһǴʦһǵʦȫûпɱԣԤ֮Уϻƣɾ䣡


508 շ
ֻſɺһսǷ罣Ŀ䵽˳ϣǿս⡣
ȥơӭųµĿ⣬ĿҲһ壬˳ϵĿ⹥󵭵Ķ˵
Ȼ׳Ի˼ͷ˳ȥ
ܷʤ
ʤ
һһͶ̨˱ԽܷԭžŽ۷ʦʵһغ͵ڶغԽȻͻһ׵ʦʤûóԾ⡣
һдֺܶóԾЩԾ
һдܾŽ۷ʦ
ʲôʱӵʵˣ
תһ룬ԾȻЩ˵˼񶾣ϾųӿһţȻڵľƺЩȴ˵츳ǿ̫ˡ
һ۷ʦϻõڳԺ
ͻˣԾ
ҪСˣڵʵڵ㡣ϻ˵
šûһ˿ȴǾ죬û뵽쾹Ȼͻ˵ʦһһͻƵһ۷ʦʵԾԵ򲻻ڶ̶̵һʱͻƵʦ
ߣû뵽Ѿͻ˵ʦɣһһ۷ʦţܿ죬Ҿͻǰ㣬֪ʧܵζѪϴҴĳ裡ӭųԵĿ⣬ɫ̣뵽
صԺǣ
ԶԳ·壡
ʩ
СԿʼԼ֣ߵʮ˵ȥˡ
ãʮ
󣬳䵽˱̨һԼĶֳ·壬Ž۷ʦĵͷ˵·壬Ը
·û뵽һǺԼԣ£Լһ£ͷ˵ãҪӵбǿʵҿûʲôȤ
һΪԵ
ְɣ·ս⼤ڷ裬һޱȡ
ԼҲ֪ڳ·ߣҪľǴķڷ
û˿飬̤߳ơۼһȦһ㣬֮绡һ죬¸Ǵǧڽߣų·ȥ
Ľ·һҲǳˣҲ㾳磬һ֣ǾУ죬նһƬ⣬ͬһһӿҪû
꣡꣡꣡
һնһ㣬ǿĽֱӱ飬һѵĽ⣬̨
ն
·һ˫սƱһִĽɫ£У롣
һ죬ӺɨŽ۷ʦһεߡ
֮ǰǳҲҪСӦԣ˵ʦУͲþһˣƻ𣬽է֣쫷һתһˮͰϸĽ˴ִĽɫ£Բƥеѹȥ
أ
ִĽɫֱɢ·󺧣ɫɨУֱǵ˳ȥһѪ
䣬Ը·һĿųԣĨȥѪ˵
ãԴϲ׳һҩ·壬˵ϵƣɣ
л֡·ɵ̷һȫƾȬˣϲȭݵ
ӴҾһֵˣ㲻ؿЦ
ǣ·ҲǸܹϾԵʵĿõġ
ʤгЦĿųԣ˵ԣѾȡʮǿʸȥɡ
ǣϣԺͳ·µ棬ʮһ
ʤˡʮĮڡ
ԣ˾ǿһֻ̨صһֱƿֺǵķȡʸ
ʩʤ
ʱų̋гϵֻʩƮƮƤ糾ֻǴһǿĺϢ޷ӣһ˫۾ˮһ㣬䵽ϣԴ𣺡ͻ˵ʦϿɲôöԸģҪСˡ
һǿĶ֣ڴϡս߰Ĵʩ
߳Ĭһ£Ƶ˵ôȻ˾ڴıְɣ
סҵԼԵ
һġʩ˳һۣʩʩȻʩʩȻȥ
ԿٻӰʩһ״ʦȻǿȴǺ֮壬壬ֻǳѣʵȫѣ츳ԲڿϵĿԪ壬ܹǬԪһǰУ
ԣԲôϣܹ
ļ룬ԵֱӪϵĿԪ塢ʮļٽ塢塢ص塢ټϳԼ齣壬塣
ܹɳĻδĳɾͲҲʦĴڣɾʦ֮λ
صʤ
ֻص̸Ц˹׵ʦʵɵľʹ˶ֺǣǵ֮һ˲²ȳԻҪǿ
ֻصԼ֪μڶغĳԣʻƶǿ˺ܶ࣬˿վǰһָĪĸоţڶ̶̵ļʱֱǿˣֱ
϶

񣡡
Կʼ
ֵˣϴЦһ˫չͬһֻ䵽һ̨ϡ


509 
Ž״ʦһȭ
ϧ˿ԪĿϣһʦеĿϣȫûлʤϣһܣķڷ
ʤ
һгԿϺ⣬Ҫ֪ϲŵһţ̫ϳϣΨһһʦĵӣǳϼҲҪ֡
ʤ
ã˶Ȼľ൱ȭ죬ˣӰͬߡ
˴ǣȻûдܶ֡
Լˣ¶һĨЦ⡣
Ѿ˵ʦУȴδ¶ΪǾŽ۷ʦϻ֪Ļ³Զƭˡ
ʮҲ֣ȻΪպʵȴǲСǶ˲Ǵӳõ˻ԵĻ»δͻƵʦͬһޣҲ˵û뵽̨ϵֳʵʵǲǿ⡣
Ѿͻ˵ʦӦʲôϢҪСġԼˣʮصˡ
ʲôɶʵŭ
ȻˣǾװ֪ɣص㺬Ц˵
һۣһ˿Īɫʡ
ԶһĮȻĿ̨ϵ¶ɫֻԼſ˵ͷ¶β֮ͽˣ
ʤ
ڣľòˣһȭȡһ
ٺ٣ǶҵţһҪǴһɫƽгһ񣬵ͷ˲䣬к˸̧ͷȴһĹĿ̹Ȼ糽Զۣһնˡ
ԣʮǿˣϡص㡢ϡʮ졢ܷ졢ءʩֺ֡Ӻͳԡ
һֱʽʮϢʱһԣ洫ӣ洫Ժָ˵
ǣԵʮ˹Ӧǣϥʯϣָ
̫գͬһ䳡Ͽһ㡣
Ϊ͵ĵӶˮЩﵽʦĵ˵һ̫Ⲣʲô
οΪ˽һɹ̫Ҳʲô
ʱ仺ţ
ڣʱ̫ҲǴﵽ˶״̬ߴۣȡ
ͬһʱ䣬Եʮ˫ۣÿһϢﵽΪ۷״̬壬Ϣƴ
ˣ
һԽӹ𣬴š
أڶֱԿʼ
ڶֱԿʼÿһָ˵
һ飬ϡʮ֡ءܷ
ڶ飬ص㡢ʩ졢𣡡
飬ϣֺӡԡ졢
ϣֺ˵ǰ̨бԣ
ԣˣϿųԣĿƣתʮ˵ҲգʮǳԵֵܣҾɣ
ͿûǸʵˡʮһ˵
ߣȻ֪ˣģһܵûзֵһһ̨¡
Ϊʲôһᱻֵصһ飬ǳԣԳԿǺ޼һҪִܳԣʵͣ޲̺ͳһս
֣ͽˣģһúѵġս߰ƻֺ꣬Ŀ⿴һɫ죬Գ˵
ʵҪСģԶ
ġͷһ̨
ۣóԺҷֵһ飬һΣһҪһѩǰܣ֪ţʲôǣص㡢ʮҲҪһһܣԼͳԶֵ飬ʱЦ򳽻ԵĿ⣬͸©һƬ
Կʼָ˵
һ̨
û뵽ϾȻʮֵһ飬ǲ֪ǳϵɱ¾ʮļٽ
һˣ˳Ϻʮˣܷ˶Сһ
ҿϸһЩϾľʮ߳һף
ŵӺͼӵ۷׷ףϾʵ̫ˣߵǱĿӵмٽʮҲ޷ǹķâ
ܷˣȻŭȴҳϾʵʲǳϺʮĶ֡
ԣϣһ˵ıԾǳϺʮ˵ıԣһЩҲΪгڣעһ顣
ʮļٽѾﵽСɽ׶ΣƼ٣ǲ֪ܷͳϵСɱ¾⣿׸ʮͳˣߵ洫ԺԺ˵ڷµʮϾʮŵӣҷ׸ٶƣѾȱһʮ׸
ҿϵʤʮһȻųʮѹѧ̾һЦ˵һ
ԣ΢΢ףʵϣҲôΪֻѶһҪųԼǸĵӲøС
СģȻˣһǳϺʮ˵ս˲вˡ
ţʮͷ
˭һгϿˣʵ
ʮܷͬʱ߳ȴû뵽ϵٶǸ죬Ӱһ˱̨ϣʮˣĿư񣺡ܷ˲ҵĶֱ֣ɣ
˵ţĿ䵽ʮϣֻʮпɺһս
㣡
شŭĿɽһ˳ǰһȭ


510 ϵʵ
ȥ
ϴһһϣ߷һ㵹±̨һѪȻѾˡ
˻
ŵӶ𾪲ѣ𾪳ϵʵǾŽ۷ʦôص֡
ܣ
켱ٶܵأ˲أһŭɫϣһҪϱ̨
죬ס֣ʱһִֻϣ˵أܵ飬ȸ˵ҩ˵ȡʥҩݸ죬ͽԸɣ
ǿذܵòԹӭųԵĿ⣬һƬжŭϢƽ̸طµҩԳ˵ο̫嶯ˡ
ԣٶԡ
أ̨ϣ磬Ŀˣ罣ɨֶܷˡ
䣡ֳܲסϵĿ⣬æͷ
ҲǣܷӭųϵĿ⣬ֻһ£۾ʹֻõͷ䡣
ˣĵͷĿ䵽ʮϡ
Ըʮ޸˵
СģٴζϣҲʵԼлҪǿ
ʮһӰһȻ˱̨ϣϵĶ档
һĻ˱̨ϣ
ַ̨겻͸ʮ̨ϵɲǣ̨ƾճһǿ磬ӿڱ̨ÿһ䣬ͳ˵ϣž죬쳣ı䡣
ʮģޱ飬ӵı󣬺֮䣬תƴޱȣõÿһӶݣ϶
Ȼӣ϶ʮ˵⻹ҳ
ϹȻ˼㣬ʮҲ޷ڵһʱ
ǰɱ¾ɱΪޱȣ֮ΪԳߣȻʮˡ
ߣҾͲţ˶Ķˣ
һŵӼˣŭϾʮűӣһЩҲ߳Ϊ
ɱ¾ԽԽˡ˫΢У˵
ߣȻҲоһѹҿɲ׷ģϳӵмǿʵȴһ˵
ǲֵ֪Ķ˵ڼ˵
ʣʮһֿ콣ܹвϵǡ׽˫ͬףȴĽ׵ʦһһеǿߣóԲΪʮġ
˺֣һֶԸ壬ѾѳԺʮԼֵܣеκһ˳Σգòǵĳ֡
šԵͷʼˣ
صԣĿ⿴˱̨ϡ
ͬʱʮĿʮͳϵϣĿ⣬һǿʮͳȴû˿ĲʣȻǿ˼㡣
ৣ
ʮƶԭزӰδɢ˾Ѿƽ˳ϡ
н˸׵罻ӣٶȼ죬糤գǷ˿һ˵ģǳϡ
ûõģóĶɣ
ӳϿдδκζһĽͺճֱֱ֣ʮ
ֱ߽Ϊ죬οɳʩչٶȾ͸ˣѰ߸ԴĹ켣ŵľԼһµĻɡ
ϣ
ʮȽ壬ټһ죬ȴȥƮһ㣬ƽϣǰﴫ⵽ǿѹȣ·Ҫըһ㣬ٶȾˡ
أ
һȭǧ磬һȭʮͣ
ĿӴ֮һ㣬֮һ߽⿪
ÿٶȣ
ŵӾ˵ʮǳϣٶȶ̫ˣ˵ֱ޷
̽ʮͳϲ£óԺ˷˲٣Ƕ֪ĴսǺ档
ͬʱҲʼ˱ԡ
صȳһٴĶʩ
飬ȳ죬ֺӡ
ıȴûгϺʮıԸΪעĿȻʩصıҲһ޵ıȶ˲˵Ŀ⡣
һ̨ϣʮͳӰɨϢ̤ƴɽ
Ȼ㲻Ҿͱ˵˵գ˫ַ罣ĹâޱȣƷܳһ｣â˫ͬʱӳֱ޽ն£ɽѹӣ޼᲻ݡ
飡
ʮ˫ȭͬСɽһ㣬ݺݵײ޽ϣ죬һɢ̨ڶҡӲı̨Ȼ˹Ѽ
ʵڿ£ľ
䡪
²˸ͬһֽʮѹȥ顣
ɱ
磬޿ƥУͬһս
ʮȻ壬һһеĽʽʩչͳϴսһ
ƣ
ϴ˫ȭ裬ɽѹ䣬Ϣˡ
䣡
˫ȭʮϣˣϳƶƸǴǣЦԵ˼㡣
ʡ
һƾճ֣ʮڳˡ
һŽ޷֮Уȴ͸һϢĽϢ˲еŽ
ڳˡȻûû߶ĵز˵ʮ򿹣ôʮʵһѾˣ˫ʵعâ
ء
ʮû˵Ž̴һͬҹݺһ㡣
һܿ죬һţ
ãȻ˾ҺúõĴսһɣϴһһԵ˵㣬Ȼٴܳԣ˵֮䣬Ȼ֣һһķڳʮ֮࣬һͬʱʮ


511 ߽
ݣ
һǿᣬʮⲢУ罣괩գʮ·ᡣ
Ժ𡢿϶¶أɣϱҪǿ
꣡
ʮǵײһ𣬽˲ɢЯ֮ʮ
ʮޱ飬Ŀ纮ˮŽϣƶƮһӳʮӳʱ֮죬ʮӰʮ⣬ƽϡ
ǿĽ
˾ʮĽǼٽ塣
Ժ𡢿˶֪ղһʵʮһ˶ʮֻٶ̫죬䵽УΪһ
һؼܶų϶ˡ
ʣʮͣԼһ㡣
ǵĿⶼע⵽˳ϵϣ뿴ƽʮһ
ӣҲֻеȤѣɿûнʮʮһսֻ뿴еĶж졣գϲ֣Ҫʮʩչ
¾ʽ
ڣ
һѪɫϣӲԣһѪɫӣֵɲǣ̨һѪϡĿһѪߡ
쿴ڳˣ
ıԿʼˣ
һǼٽ壬һɱ¾֪һ
˶ʱٳ϶˹
ϳˡü˵
ǿδǿһ֮ࡣɫص˵
ɶĳϣҪҷǵúúŭ
ȿ԰ɣԵ
˿̨ϣйעһıԡ
ʣ⽫һ
¡
һѪӯ죬ǱѪЮ޷ò

ʮӰƮҶתʱʱϱǳҲо죬ٺЦѪӶң£ʱһʮֽճ֣͵һ˳ȥǿѪӳ£޿ǣһ޴ʮֽ⣬Ȼһֽʮסơ
һ
ʮҲ׾ʩչ˶ҲΪһ׽㴫
ϹŽϹŽǿ߶޴
ʩչ˽Ƚյأ˷ܶԷ
һһֻܿһ޽⣬޷׽һ죬ѪɫʮֽⶸȻͣ٣¡һķѿ

ĿƣսⰺȻѪѪ⣬ͬһѪӣĿʮ˵ֵҳʵˡ
ʲôһֱֻʵ
̫£ֻʵѹʮʮ㾡ʮûеֵ֮ˣ
ʮ£ϸ£˭ֵܹס
˻һ˴󾪣û뵽ϵʵ˳Ⱥ
սʼˡԵ
һֳ࣬ʵоһѹû뵽ֻóʵʵ̫ˡ
ʮһ䣬ȴأȻϸѹʹ䣬ʩչ˶ڶ
һʮ츳ʵҲֻ߽ɾ߽Ѿһǿ֮С
һ죬
Ѫ
ȣѪƶһѪӡӡĽ֣һնʮͷϿգҪ롣
꣡
ڶֱ飬ʮδʩչ˶ֱȥϵơ
Ľ
彣

һ˲䣬ʮһǳɣˮʩչ˶ġ塢ѹƣһˣĽ̨Ȼѿгϳһæע̨˲£ûйѡ
㽫˵߽ʩչɣЦ߽˲ң
ʮûлش֪ϱԼף಻һ㣬Ҫֻʩչ߽
֪߽޴󣬵ʩչѶȼ󣬼ڵҲ޷סһ
һһ
ֻʮʩչһ
ʮɣԴ
ʮش˵Ϊ̽̽ʵɣסΪҴ
ԣĬ̧ͷ̨ϵʮһƬж˵һġ
ৣ
ڳ˵һġֺʮٴγˣһԾ𣬳˰Уӿ֣ף߽
¡
ף˫ʮԼأʩչ˶߽ĽζңĽ֣նϡ
úã
ϹЦưεض𣬹ᴩ޴Ľ쳹أǿѪգһеѪ޽һ㣬ɢѹɨϡ
䣡
رըգ
ɢѪ⣬ðŵӲֱӣֻ۾ʹ
ǿ
˶ݣгɫ䡣
ãɫһ䡣
𡢿Ҳǵǲѣʩչɱ¾ǿһУǸ޷̨ϵ״
ͣ
԰ټƵѪɫͬѪɫ߲ڱ̨һ㣬ڶ̨ĵ£һѪ
¡
һ죬κ龰һӰ˳ʮ
ˣ
һ£ȻǳϣȻ˿δ
ۣʮɫ٣һŭɫ⻰һѪϢ˥˼㡣
ʤ
гϼһʮ󣬸һ𵤣±̨ȥ


512 
һ飬϶ɧõ֣ķ֣
ͬʱصʩıҲ˰ȻĽ׶Ρ
ھһжʤɣصƫƫɫ̹Ȼӷ緶¶ɡ
ãʩͷһٿȻ纮һ㣬֮ˮһѩɫⷺ˴ѩһ㣬̨һѩ򣬺䵽˼㡣
ৣ
һҵĽХ£̨֣һǿıʩӳȥΪ˱أصӹȥ̨·ˡ
ˮ޺ۣ
صչ۶ɫնһ޴˸ӿ֮ڣ뺣ڣһȥ
¡¡
ڣӿǺ̷񱩵ˮͺȻ޷
ն
صһնʩ
ʧɫعӺʵ䣡
ʩˡصջˮӿ֮ȥ
صʤг
ʵڲǲ֪ʵôˣʩ򳽻ԣ˵صϣԹϾ߿ӿһˣصһ֮һ
ֵʵҲ޷ȣص
ôʩ¶죬û뵽صô˵ûмȴΪصάԣ˵عȡôңһ˵ǹˡ˵꣬ͬһ㣬̨ȥ
صʵȻǿҲܹͳһߵͣ
ֻǲ֪ʲôزܷһϳ̣
һıԿɱһ쾫ʶˣĿԴɣ
صʤ˲⣬ϾǴ˴εһ֮һ
ִӭս졣
һһˣһӿһţһ
ͬʱڵĵҲչ˼ұԣһٴֺӣȴϣһվڱ̨ϣųԺͿˣĿ䵽˳ϣ˵ԣۣһҪ㣬֪һսɣ
ߣֻǳյ°ܽʲô̸ٴһսѵһɣһм˵ĵΪƷãΪ˼¡
㡭ʱᣬһָ࣬ԣʵԣ㲻𣿡
кβңһ˿ҪѵһһεضëһƮƮ䵽˱̨ϣĿƽĿһư˵ʵ˼֣򲻻Űɣ
һɫ򳽻ԵĿ˺⣬ԣҾҪ㣬֪Ǻǵġ
ٷϻְɣԺӡ
㡭úúãȻôŰҾͳȫ㣡ŭ˵գ˫ƶº¡죬·һƶһɽƶһ㡣
ȻҸô˵
ǺǣûʵԴʵ԰Ȼ˵ⷬмʵ
Ҳÿ⳽Եʵʵ
˶ԳԵĹע˿ڳϣ̨̽Ŀת˹
飡
𶯣Сɽһƽԣƴѹķ
¡
һȭըڵһ򳽻ԣˡ
һܹ㣬һΣҲ⣡ɫƽȻſָţγǾ޴ȭӰץȥ
ֻԼζ챻ըˣһ˫۾ѪĿһ㣬ŭ죬ӿǿ֣Ҫһȭڵأ֪ȻҪʧˡ
أ
ȭӰڳ֮£һɢʵת飬ʧǰ
ã
ߵıܸΣٽԼ˫ƽĳɨ˷ֹԴӰ˷ʱ첻ըһ㡣
ֳʵʵ̫ˣԭΪԼʵǿԴܳԣһѩǰܣû뵽ͳ֮Ĳ࣬ǴڣԽԽʵһС
ֵʵǿˡص˵
ǰȣǼֱʲôǡϿЦȻӵпԪ壬壬츳ϴڣͳһȣʵǲֵһᡣ
ҲǼΪ֮ͬȻ޷սʤԣʵ𺧡
ʩ̨£̨ϵĳԣĿⷺ¶һĨЦݣ˵˾ȣ˵ʮͿŵĻ˿ɳԽ
עųԣް취ЦͷĵҲ̫ϳ˵öԣ⳽ŵĸǣܹǻصıڣ
ҲǶԳ⣬Ͼܹڶ̶ʱʹ߲ʦֱ˸˵ӿһҲΪοƽ̹졢̫ϳϵͬѰҲ೤Ҫʶԡ
⳽Թһ¡Ц˵
ߣܾҷ׸ˣ㻹Ϊ˵һ˵˵ڳϣ£Գֺ¡
ˣȻԸ׸󣬾ɣ΢Ц˵
ŶŶһųԵӰĥһС֪Щʲô
˷µķ׸ע⣬ŵ¡ǹӵĶӳƽ̰ǹҲǹעԱֳʵȻƵƵͷЦ˵޹ֺԸҰǹӣȷʵһ㱾¡
ƽ̣⳽ʵ̫ˣòҳֽѵһ¡򳽻ԣһ˿֮ɫ˵
ݿᣬšǹɫһ䣬˵


513 
ڳԣ˲˽⣬ȴ֪ԺĹϵοƽ̹ҲʮðǹҲûóԼǹӵ˼ˡ
ǣһæͷӦǣȴ˸ɱ
ͬʱʩչѧҪܳԣ֣ԼԵˣˣһʱŭ죬ֱգŭ˼㣺ԣҸƴˣ
һ񱩵ӳ⣬¡ͣӿ˫ǣ͵һǰһ죬ֻһɴСɫСɽ۶ƻԲӲӣͬʵһ㡣
ѹ
˫ƳСɽ¡˳ͷ϶£Ҫѹ
ৣ
һ齣ȻϣݺݵĴСɽ֮ڣ̴ҵƹһ춯صĺ죬СɽըʱҽһѪɳȥ
ʤгϺЦһλսߣͬʱһ̧֣ȥ
ৣ
δ䣬һ·ȺȻ졣
Ŀ⾼Ŀųԣһ˵Ȼ֪ԼĶ֣Ȼһʵ룡
룡԰ֵ
ֵ壬ֵýύĻҲˡ
֣Сˣ
أ߳ɽ̨𶯣һȭϣֱȫ
꣡
һ齣ǰиȭƽ졣
Ե£
һȭأ̨ҡһɴӱ̨ϯ˲γһɰԵޱȵ򳽻ԣһͬǧ򳽻Բƶȥһ㡣
ʡ
쳹أɢâ£糤գƥУһȥĹ
ͬʱͬӰһǰ
ʲô
󺧣ȴֻ
飡
һεĽ䵽ϣȴûˣֻǵ˳ȥ̧ͷ¶һ𾪣ȭ˵ֶֺΣ䣡
ϡЦ
ʤгҲǶԱԽ⣬Цڿʼһԣսϳ
ԣԵĿ䵽̨µĿϡ
ǿϣû뵽һ
ϺͳԿֵܣαֵһ飬еˡ
ǰ֪ϵĿԪǳԵ˫
˶һ˷ܣû뵽ԵĶ־ȻӵпԪĿϣһڳϺʮıȶ
ৣ
ϳ˱̨ϣƽĿųԣ˵֣ʶѾãȴδ֣Ҽʶһʵɣ٣
ãܹԼֵһսԺܸˡ
Կʼгϸ
ǳԣǿϣעĿģҲ˱̨£˽δֵʵ
ϣž޲ͬɮһ㣬ǿ󣬿֪ŷһУȻҲע⵽˳ԺͿϵĶԾ¶һ˿ڴ֮ɫԪ塢齣壬ؼϵһ֪˭
Ԫ壬ǰϵ壬ɵĿԪ壬½۰һʱŽ֣ʵڴľ档
齣壬Ҳ֪֮٣ֻ֪ǽһеǿ֮壬ȳϵɱ¾廹Ҫ֣жͲ֪ˡ
ԣڴԪ齣ĵһ
䳡ʮ˵Ŀ˳ԺͿϵϡ
̫գ޾档
ԺͿӣĿƽȴһεڶֻŤӰһ
ʦľԺͿϼ
ǿ
Ĳݡ
ɶ񣬸ղûоȫɫ䣬˫ȭգһŭͬʱһԼղûкԼͲô򵥵ˡ
ܺãҵĶ֡ϰȻȺۣĿưųˣǿҲֻҵ̤ʯѣ
ʵ𣿡ʩ˵
ֱǿˣСԾ
ԽԽڴıˡȤ˵
ܰշֻܰȥų¡йâ˸۹ȻԿδǱױȣʱԺ͸ˡ
֪ǿص˵
ϵĿԪѾС۷壬˵ԵĶ֣ȴоҲҵԤϡü˵
Ҳָоص˵
Ƭ̣ԺͿϵıԾͳ˽㣬鷴ôҪˡ
¡
̨һȳԳˡ
һȭɽӣԵ˫Ϻںڷ裬Ӵƶһħ壬ƥС
ã
̾һҲһȭٲһϯ֮쳹أײڿϵȭͷϣ̱ͬɽײ죬գ䳡Ϸ·ֻˡ
ˣ
ɨֻĤˣұӡ
ǿȫǵĶ֣
һ쵽ʲôһȺˣôӵôǿ
̫£⻹ǳ׵ʦ𣿡
ŵӾ֮̾⡣
ӵпԪ壬ǿҲͰˣ⳽ΪҲӵôǿ
ǰƻȻн׵ʦˡ
Ƕˣ˵ˡ
ϯϣۣ¶į֮ɫһɵĳ˥ĲֻҪϡԳɳԤŵǿ󣬵ʱͲӿһţǬԪһˡ
ʵǿ˺ܶ࣬ΪһսĻ±Ҳֲ˶ٺôˡעųԣа
кܶ೤ͳԣȻҲкܶ೤ϲмڳԣⶼΪԳԺͿϵ츳Ϊ洫ԺӣȻõŵȫ֧֣ɳһǧв洫ԺӵĵλǵͲ
ԣһֳϲϣԵ˽洫Ժ
һгԵ˶֪


514 ԪVS齣
飡
̨ϣϵĴ죬죬ƴ
𣡡Ŀ貣ĺУӿܣʱ޾֣ѹ̨ȫڹ˸Ť֯һͬħӰһ£һ޴ĺӰͷ˫ǣֳһꪣɢͬħһ
ۣ
޴Ӱһ֣Ŀը𣬻գµĻɨԣ籩һ㣬иڿķѡ
Ԫ壡
˾û뵽Ͼʩչ˿Ԫ壬ħ֮Ӱ٣ϳԡ
ǿԪ壡
ٳɫ䣬û뵽ôͱƵÿʩչԪˣǼΪԪǼģ޷սʤԣôֻʧܡ
ֵĿԪǰǿ˲٣ﵽС۷زսһſϵĿԪ壬ս⣬Ҫ֪壬ͿԪһƣ֪ǿԪ
лġصЦ
ţصĵͷڴźͿһս
С۷ĿԪ壬ҵҪҪӦʩųԣ¶ڴâ
೤ҲųԣҪ֪Ӧԣ
̨ϣ¶أȻûкͿֹһԿԪǼʶģԣʱоһѹԿǾ޴ħӰһֿҪϢĸо
֣ٳ֣ҿɾͲˡЯħ֮Ϣƴ󣬾˵ͬһ㡣
ãԴȵٱȡ齣ʱܣγһһɴСĽһ㽣ζһߣĹ룬ЩߵԽԽγһĴڡ
໣
˲Ǽ䣬Хһζɵɫ߷ɳײϡ
أ
ֻ趯˫ۣħ֮Ӱͻ˲ꪣֻһ£һɫߣȴԽԽɫһʮ
Щɫ߶ǳ齣ζʵˡ
ÿһвھŽ״ʦʵԼǿŶ׵ʦʵԿȶʮŽ״ʦĹҲ޷ڶʱھնɱ
𡪡
쳤Хĵľ޴ħӰҲ𣬵ͷɫߣſϯأһɫߵ̷ɢӣʮɫ߾;޴ħӰ
໡
ɾʱһХֻܵɫǣ֮£۳һʮɫߣˮͰϸͷϸǣɢϢȻǶ׵ʦѹķռ䡣
ȥ
һɫͷ߶ʱһſȥ
齣İ֮һ𣿡ֶɫһ˿ɫͿεֵˡ
ϸоɫǿɫǰδеأ˫ֺ£ħӰ˫סꪣȻ£ֱֱնɫ
أ
ɫǲϣ̽һֻצץϡ

ϴ𶯣ԵޱȵϢɨһȭݺݵɫͷƬ⣬
ɫһ䣬һץ顣
˿̵졣
¡¡
趯̨ԪЯħɽӣѹɫ
ɫβҡһϡ
أ
ֱӵɳȥħӰҡΣЩɢ
ֹȻʵȺ䣡סΣɢȥԪ壬ȭЦԼֵϣûʲô˵ġ
šԺЦͷ
ʤг
˻
ȫʱһƬһ֮ɫ
ϵĿԪ徹Ȼгԣ
̫ˣ⳽ԵʲôȻԪ嶼Եֵرֳһˡ
ҲԤ֮УϱȳǿĻҲڵһغ͵ڶڳˡ
ۿӯ졣
Ԫ壬ȻˣǳԸӿ£ɲҵĶֻ֣ǲ֪ûֶΣϿųԣоâ˸˵
ĵʲôȻ˾޴󣬾ǹϢҸеһľ˵
磬ǰ³çˣȻһԸԴǸҲһ𾪣ڷ˵Ļڵ֪ǳóҩԼ󣬸һûڡ
ãҵĵܵܣصļЦ˵ţֻԭġ
ˣǰǾͲҪˣӽԺǾˡʱԺͿ˹ǰЦ˵ڵرԣѾȡ˵һܷķ֡
ãӽֵܾ͸ųˡЦ
ԣҲ˵
ԣԺͿϼһۣЦ
ڶ̨
صʤ
ӮñĳڶʩѾܣֻʣˡ
Ȼھ̨˵ֵܳԺͿ϶Ѿֳʤˣڸֵصˣ
ôǺ´򲻹֣ˣȥʵȻټˣȻ̸߾ˣ㼿ȴóЦҿ㲻ֱˣαأ
㡭Զʱŭָ𣬶ݺݵ˵úúãȻˣҾȴص㣬Ȼѵ㡣
ҵţҲЦ
ߣһ̤˱̨һĿص㣬˵ãδģ˵գֶʱһƬ貽⣬Ǻһصϯȥһ֣ûֱ֣ӾǾС


515 ĶԾ
һ۷ʦ𾪵ȭͷսģȻʵ
õģӦܹ˵ҲûʲôøС
šͷصʵһ˽ģʵ֣ôˣ
ģսأܿͻֳʤˡԵ
Ǿͺáɫһɣһߺ޿죬Ǹ
šĿ˸
סͷ֪Ȼ첢£ȴǿ£ĿǰʵҪ䱳˵Ķ֡
Ȼʵǿ˲ãصһߣѧһʱص൱
һߣϴ죬Сڶģֺĩ
һ飬ҲǷֳ˽ϵһʮڶܷصģ塣
ֻеڶδֳԽ
ݣ
ֳһǹ趯䣬Ե㣬ͬǷһ㣬̺µƻһǹ̳ǹһߣ硣
ৣ
صδСɣȻˣһӳʮɫɫ磬˺ѿһһ죬ǹһ֮ƺƴ
ΪͻƵʦʵͻͽȵһμԼʱֱ˷츲صı仯ǰһָҹ֮ڻ¶ɢԾǹϢվﲻ˸о¡
죿
ȷʵֻû뵽Ȼһǰûκε֮ͬ
ǰǹѾﵽСɾ磬ֻǲ֪ǹûУ
ԸûУĻص㲻Ķ֡
ǰһսصΣˡ
ϯϣ೤϶ݣû뵽ı仯˴
ԺҲ¶ɫɫ䣬ʲôʱôˣ
Ϊһս˺ܶࡣ쳽ԲǺ˽⣬ϾӿһţʲȻ竡Դ󡢽˿̳òݣȫͬ˵Լǽޣôһǹޡ
ҶһսˡսֻѪڡ
ˡԵ֪ԼҲҪһս
սص㣬Ȼ𾪵˼㣬оԼԵĸ죬һİˡ
׼ȷ˵һȫµ죬ڵݣһǹޣ
һЩʶˣ͸ˣ˿̣Ǽʶһȫµ죬Եǿߡ
޵У
Ե˫ǹǹҰصеལϣųâ

ɽӣƸ죬ƶƣһս񣬺ص㽻һԿģ
صϾѵһ壬壬ȻδȫգһֽҲ˫սһ㣬޼ѰԶʵԵ˺
ȥ޺ۣ
һӳƬɫһɫˢ죬¡ﴫ纣ˮһȵ·һһ㣬УһִɫľͬľӴѹ졣
飡
һ·ѹƺˡ
ɨ
쳤裬˾ڰУǹ޾ǹ⣬ɨ֮ըǹɨһɫľ𲻾ڶɫľ£ǹƽص㡣

صɫأûϵǿʵԼѹȣֻʩչϾѧ
ৣ
һӳɫէ֣ʱһɫڽ¡
ÿһ䶼Բ̴С꾧Ө͸©һɺâзĽɢʱһƬˢˢֻһһɫƮ졣
䣡
챻ǹǹһǹһ̱ը
䣡
գۼ䣬ʮǹ¡
ʲôصɫ䣬μˡ
ãΣգɫһ䡣
죬һȭ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼϱ̨صǰ֣£
ãСģһǹ⣡صƺһѪӿǿѹ˰Եޱȵһۣ˵
֪ͷȵ죬ꪣʱһ˷컭䵽Уī˫һꪴ̳Ƭڹںһ㳯йȥ糱ˮһĺ¡
ʲôص㾹Ȼܸ죬ôܣ
̫˼ˣ쾹ȻôǿˣŶð
һõ򲻻ôǿ
ɫ䣬û뵽һŵӵصȻܸ죬ڴˣʵڳ˵Ԥϡ
ϳˣ֪ܴܲ졣
ľص㣬ҲĶ֣
һҪһˣ죡
˶Ծʵһ
ص㲻ҵĶ֣Ҳǣ
ǹޣǹתϢˣŭȻƣһľĸо
飡
ȣһǹ̳ǹҰηֱ߽Ĺ
Ȼ͹ʵҪ֪壬ԺͿϵĿԪ࿹ʣһǹ޴󣬵Ҳ˵
ãһΪصһһҿɾʧˣȻһʵҾ½ǡЦĿưϢǿƣˣٴܳԣ
Ϊ𾴵ɵĳԣʤĸĸΪ̶ܴϣܹнգڳԣ


516 VSǹ
񱩡йͬբĺһ㡣
¡
ƺƴڸƬ춼ɫ
ãͿҵǲǿ
ɫ䣬ɿԵϢ¶ɣǹ̳飬Ҫƿķ
ꪷ񱩶ңһĻһϢǳﵽ֣ȻСɫ䣬û뵽ֻᶯСӣ
ֻг֪Ѿǵһơ
Ƶ
νˡ
ʣӵɴȻʵҲ죬ɴƵͿԺ쿹⣬
һ㣬ȫʮˣֻйͿس˿
Ȼһˣ
û뵽ϾȻƵһҲǳԴģǰݳŵĿ¶â߽
ǿص֪ʵԭΪ޷⣬û뵽ȻԽԽǿս൱
ʱͻˡͷ˵
ʵҲСʤϰϳ˵
ԵͷҲоѹȻ۳ƵȻռκƣʵ޼һ
һ㣬Ӻͳ϶ˡ
Ҳһ㣬ȴһ˷֮ɫĿƣ¶ɢ߰ս⣬з컭ꪸǷ·֮ţսĺһ㡣
֮ȴһĿ¶⣬ԭΪƾԼ״𣬵ûеԷƵʵﵽ˺Լ൱ľأҪ״ܣѾòˡ
ȴȻаմֻҪǰ¶ˡ
ֻǰ¶ǹˡݺݵжĺޣﵽױȵĵزԭŶԸԺͳϣû뵽ȻǰԸʵߡ
ǹ⣡
һ뵽˷ޱȡ
ģǹһذɣֻǾղԸԣ䲻Чˡ
ȻˣҾΪǹµĵһ˰ɣݺݵ˵
˵ʲôǹ⣿
ʲôǹ⣿
ѹԳԺص㣬ԭǹ⣡
̫ˣȻǹ⣬һ˭Ķ֣
컰δ䣬ʱһ۷籩ÿһ˶һ𾪵Ŀ
Ŀϲָо춢
Ȼǹ⣬֪ܲӦصһȻ
Ҳܹǹ⣬ۡһߵ
ҲΪȻȴôΪ챾츳ǿΪƫִνǲĿĲΪ˵һˣһ㣬÷ǹޣǹ⣬ûһġ
ĲһУֵĻһֵġ˵ľ֮Ѿгɣܹ˲Ϣ֮ʩչȫֹ졣
ԣϺص㶼
ˡ
ʱͻȻӱ̨ϴһִ˲Ǽ䣬þ޴󣬾춯أǹ
ǹ
һ޴ģǹ⣬أ̫ⶼ޷ٷ
ǹ⣡
˫Ŀԣһȣ˫ֳǹȻ䣬޾貵ǹǹɢϣγһǹ
ɣȵ
һ죬ǹӿ֣ԲƥеȥҪɱ
ƣ
ȣ˫ǣĪ۹ȫ¡һһ޴ɫ޶ǰ֮ޣȫڡ
ȥ
һɫ󶦺Ȼǹݺݵײһ𣬶ʱضɽҡ̨ҡΣ·Ҫһ
䣡
ֻ˲䣬𲻾ڶ֮
սһһƾƣһǹ⣬սȺ׶Σһƺۼˢǹ𣬷·޼᲻ݣɢϢʦڳԵ˶ͻ˵ʦ

һǹ̳׼ȷޱȵĴȭͷϣһѪȭͷӲǿҲվֵסǹ
ۣ
ǹѪĽһΰ˳ֱϣѪ졣
ߣһٴαƽ˵Ҫɱ
ʤڳֵʱгͻȻԽĳǰץסǹ˵죬Ѿʤˣסְɣ
ǣϡһٸʣҲսϵϣ޺޿һۣʩʵˣɻһս
䡣̴
Ҳǡʩź촽˵
ã˸֣Цˡ
ˣͳΪ˵ڶĵһķܷ֡
ܿ죬صֱԽˣ˳ϡԺ˻ķ֣ȡǰ⣬һ飬ʮ֣ܷ֣һ֣֣ڶ飬֡ص֣ʩһ֣֣飬֣֣һֺ֣֣
ϡԡķ֣
ʮ𡢿ķ֣
ܷص㡢֣
ǰռǰŸһСᣬһʩȡá
ˣʮˣ洫ӵıԡ
սС
գǰ洫ӣǰĵӡ
˶ڴյıԡ
ϡԣԼˣܹõһ
ҹɢȥ١
峿¶ȴһɼǿ
ս
ϡԡ졢ʮ𡢿ϡܷص㡢ʩʮվڱ̨֮¡


517 
ˣ
ζǿʼ
䳡һƬڡ
ʮˣΪ飬ֱαԣ洫ԺˣԱָվ
һ飬϶
ڶ飬ܷ
飬϶𣡡
飬Զʩ
飬صʮ
Աָ˵ڿʼһԣϡ̨
ৣ
һӰ˸䵽˱̨ϣǳ˭
ָ̨Ŀ¶̨ǻ
ֳϣ䡣˿˵
ձԹ涨Զ˳Ȼ䣬Ҿʤ洫Ժָͷ˵

˶ʱȻû뵽ȻȨˣҲͨʵǳϵĶ֣ô󷽡
ãڿʼеڶԡָ졢̨ܷ
δ䣬Ѿ˱̨ϣһɫܷ˵ܷ㲻Ҷ֣ɣ
𣿵һһԡܷһЦ䵽̨ϣְɣ
ԲҲãҾ֪֮Ĳࡣ첻м˵˵գ캷Ȼ֣ǹӳɽӣϢȫܷ֣ߴ󾪣æط趯ʱֻһһɾ޴ѹԼĿڡ
ۣʱܷһѪ
һһŽܷ˳ȥ
ʤг컹ٹܷ
쿴Ҳһۣ±̨
ڿʼԣϣָ̨
ôˣ䣡Ц
㡭Ͼ
˵ˣӢԺӾˡ˿Ϊ⣬Ц˵
ԣҡͷٶԡ
ãʸ񣬿ʤгϵ
Կʼԡʩָ̨
ָϣҲǳԵĶ֡ʩ
ô˵˳ˣָʵ
ǡʩͷ
ʩãɾ͵ڼЦ
ߣ˵һҾˡʩ˳һۣ˵
ãԴϲ
𡢿ϡصҲǸޱȣʩļ룬ɾƼˡ
һ뷨ǷԺ½е嶼
뷨һ֣Լһ˵ҲҲǲܵ顣
Ȼˣͽһԣص㡢ʮֺ̨Ӹ
֣һҿɲ㡣صĿ¶ս⣬˵
ҲǡʮĻص
룡صһ֣䵽˱̨ϡ
һ̣ʮҲ˱̨һ
صʮ̨ԭЩɺŵӶʱ˷صʮʵ޼ԾһҲ֪ʮĶصһ㣿
֣ɣصһƮʳལִС
ʮһǿĶ֣ص㲻Ҵ⡣
룡
ص㣬ʮʮ͵ģֻûб¶ѣ˶ԱûʲôԹȻҪʹһսŽУˮһڿʣɢ˿˿ƵĽ⡣
ϯϣ೤ϹעΪص㣬ʮţŽ
ԶҲǺЦͷϿɶ˵츳
ڵһЩҲϣܹ£оͰ¡ͷˡ
ʣʣ
ͻȻԽʣͼĽʮصнϷɳ糤һ㽻֯һʹϣɢĽϢ
أ
֯һ˲̱ըʮص˵ӰҲǷ˿
ӶԷϽͬʱɢȫ
ڽ޵ף
˫΢У쵽ʮصھͳһս֮ʵһ֣Ȼֻһ֣ȴǶٴζԾϲܵôҡ
һ㣬Ҳע⵽ˡ
ɫȻûнص˷С
ڣΨһĶֻ֣гԣȻľֻǶ׵ʦȴһصĸо֣ԼĽ׵ʦľ磬Ȼ޷ϤԣľԭҪͳһս
Կ˳һۣһƽ
ɱ¾ɱ¾Խ࣬ʵԽǿɱ¾Ҳ͸һ֣ܵɱ¾Ӱ죬ȻħΪһֻ֪ɱ˵ĻҲǹ缫нɱ¾µԭ
صʮ˾Ͳͬˣǰ壬ǰһʱǸʱҲһǿߣɣصǱֻҪʱ䣬δδزɳɾ֮λ
ʮٽ壬ӵ¼٣ԿƵУٶȴ֣ܶȻδʾٽԴδȫѵԭǾѣ¼ٽֵܹס߾Ȼࡣ
Ժڴ˵ĳɳ
̨ϣʮصʽƵտȻﵽͬߵǰС
ϣ
һ֡
֣ҪʩչСˣʮĿ˸壬ͬһҪϡ
ҲͬҪСģص˵


ͬһ˲ʮصʩչԼľѧ
ʮ֮ض·գԡ
صȴǡǡ෴г֣Ұشһ㡣
ৣ
Ӱལ͹Ž໥ĶǧƵĽݺȥķ˺̨ƺƵͬһһ㡣


518 VS
ʮĶޱȣȶٶһʩչջصĿܡ
صƮݣ죬糤һʮĽһбһǿһбһգʮսǣҲκ֮䣬ʮͽʩչ˵صˡ
ľ괺
صһȣɴɵȥ˷Ϊԭʼһеͬ޴ȥﲻվһжռС
ȻʮĶǶϾȴ޷ֹʴ޷˳ʩչ
飡
һ죬ʮֻѹκˡ
ৣ
صʩչУһʮɫЯµɱһĺɱȥ

Žһѣһ㣬Ҷϣ·ǿµɫ
ৣ
صӳһʱ죬ͬһ޴һʮֶȥֳʮɫ飬˲ǼͬʱĽϣ䡱һɢʮɫһ䣬Ȼȣãһ߽
ء
һ䣬糤һ׽ʮйŽмƳգ̶ɳϢƴ罭֮ߣˣҪһȥص
ĺã֣㿴ɣصЦ磬ٿȻڰУʱ޾ɢͬһһ㣬ҫʮڡ
ˣ
ƴϢķ֧飬һһصϼһ𣬿ȥ
¡
᳤磬ƲɵݺݵĻ˶߽ϣһʮ
ٽ壡
ʯ֮䣬ʮʩչľУٽ壬¡һ޾ɫЮٶ磬Ҫ㿪һ
ݣ
Ȼصһ޼᲻ƾˣݺݵĺ˱ɫʮϣ䣬ʱػһ㣬ɳȥ
ֵȻʮ䣡ʮסΣЩ԰ףȴûκźһ̹ϵ˵
ֵļٽҲ˫ʱգδزܺҵ忹⡣صЦ
ãսصʤг
صʮһۣ±̨
صȻʵǿȻܸ˳ϣսʤʮȴ׾١
ҵôΪصѾСɣʮļٽȴֻǳžˣﵽСɵĻصδĶ֣Ҫ֪ٽɲ˵ġ
ǿԺ֪֪ϺͳԶ˵˭ǿ
Խһۣصʤδ̫˸е⣬ϾǰߵʵĿõģˣž⡣
ڣĵǣ˵ıԣϡԡص㡢Ϻ졣
վڳϯ棬ĿɨˣЦͷ˵ܺã˾һսý洫Ժʸ񣬳Ϊһ洫ӣ
ԣص㡢Ϻ϶¶˼֮ɫΨϺͳһƽǰ縲˪䣬ɫȻ
ÿһյĵӣǰ洫ԺĵӣһԣǰһҲ⣬ȻҲʮַǰ˿ɻýؾѡȡһƷѧĻᡣ캬Ц˵
Ʒѧ
δ䣬ȫһ󵹳Ҫ֪ѡȡƷѧǿǾ洫ԺӶܲĴ˼ףǲᱻƷѧģɴ˿ɼ˴Ŷһϣжˡ
ж¶һĨ⶯֮ɫϾɣҪõƷѧļʼֱСÿ
ܹõƷѧĻһȫԸĲݡ
Ʒѧұõϰ
ƷѧôҲһ⶯ѧ֮УûһƷѧȻ齣Ͻ񶼲֪ȼʦľ綼Էӳ齣֮һʵߵѧ߶ԾԲСĿ
ԣõһƷѧǳĿǰΪҪĿꡣ
ư磬ŭĿɨʱȫѻȸŽ۷ʦʵ¶ɡ
ܺãϢһ£ʱǰ
ǣ˹ݵ
ȫʱЩɺȴڴʱΪڴģǳԺͳϵıԣ˭ʤζ˭ӿһĵһˡ

ͻȻһϯһɭȻӥ
ʲôˣ
ֺӴȣεض𣬳䳡Ͽա
ӥ񣡰񣡡
񿤵ӥź᰿ڣ
ǬԪһ͵ڶţʲô
ϯϣһڳգŵӺͼ峤Ҳѭȥ
ӥţ
ڣ
ǬԪĴ֮ӥźڣڵţǬԪڵλ
ֻǣΪǬԪʲô
˾ɲ
ԵҲգֻһһ޴Բɿٽţڽǰʱ򣬳Բſ壬ǺɫԲȻһֻ޴ӥ˫չʮɳվŶʮӰȻӥŵˡ
ɫԲǰ弶ޣڵĻޣҲŶʮˡ
ԭӥŵڵλţǻӭӭ쿴ӥͰ֮ɫһ漴Ц˵ţһڳ߳վ䳡롣

޴ĺХ磬ӥͰȵͣ˰С


519 ս
ৣ
һХУʮӰ䵽䳡Ŀյϡ
ӥźӷķߡ
ӥ첻Ź칰ЦһۣһͷڷƲ˫ڣ֮ʮźµĳϣʦǿߣվ꣬ʮ˾ӡ
óȻż¡̸Ц˵һ£òͨͬһɻȻɵƣӣͬվʮϣվϡ
֪λͻȻкҪ£˫һУЦʵ
ǺǣŴ˴εõţмӵм亱壬Ԫ塢ͼٽ壬Լһɱ¾ĵӣҺڴ˴յӴҪŵŵдһ˴Ϥ֮·첻ǺһЦĿɨˣЦ˵
Ҳ뷨Ͼһ֮ڣǵ۽̫֪ͣˣΪǣԴǳʶһ档ЦǺǵ˵οӥšźڣ֦ͬͬάǬİӦཻǡ
ʲô
ųϡԣǴһɫһ䣬û뵽ӥźǰΪµս½洫ӵġ
üͷһ壬Ĭ
߲ƣ߲صڿ֪ǬԪ֮ĸӹϵԶӥźڵĵе̫֡
ߣѵǻǲɣŭ
ô¡԰˵Ŀɨӥź½ӣʱɫ΢䣬ӣһ⣬ǵʦ磬ӥŸ˴ﵽ׵ʦľ磬ƽˮ׼ȻŻҪǿһߡ
ص㡢𡢿ϡʩҲע⵽ˣһۣ˱˴еľȡ
һ͵ڶţţص̾
ǰǵ۽绹ߣ˴αԽ֮ӦóȥʶһˡҲ̾
ǿҲʩ˵
һԴǣսȭͷ˵
԰Եͷ֪ϵ˸оǿ󣬶Ҳ֣Ҫ֪ǶţҲû뿪ӿֻӿţһ֪½߳һԼȻȼ֮ģһϳˡ
ߣһȺҳϵĶ֡˵Ѫ˸â
˵ʲôȻϵĻǱӥźڵĵ׷ŭж֮⡣
סڣһתЦǺǵĶԹ˵ôţ
ֻ½ӽһͨдˣŲصġ첻Ц
ãȻŲӦ˵ȥˡͷĿɨˣ˵ͦãӥšڵӽбд裬мǵ㵽Ϊֹ˼Է
ǣ
ϵ˶ѹһŭӦǣƴ󣬵䳡Ͽգþòɢ
Ҳǣ
첻˼ˣҲԸڵӡ
֪λôȷʵȻѾó˺ӥšڵӽбԣҲûкÿˡ
һڵ̨֪սΪֹ
û첻Ц
ã֪߲ƣҲٿס
ڵӥڱڶ
ŵӺͼ峤˷ޱȣû뵽ӥźھȻͻȻһ½ȻݱǬԪ½ӵıԣ˵㵽Ϊֹһ̨ۣ²Ҳˡ
Կʼ
ָڵһۣĿء
ৣ
һӰӥӳһ䵽̨ϣһһɫ£ݣΪﵽһ۷ʦ꣬˵ӥޣڡλͽ̣
վʮһ˿ų̂ӡ
ų϶ɫһȻһӥźڹͬϴѹŵıŲòս
ûгֵȤϱѪ˵
ԣ˺춼ŭȴûгʱһʮͬʱԺУ˴½ӱԣ˻ʤһѡȡƷѧĻᣬ껵һ
⣬ӥԵ˫ҶһǿԵµڶΪ˴ܵ˫͵𣬿ɵõƷн׹ҶһµڶɵƷͽ׹
⣬ڹʮˣ˴ܵĶԽ࣬Խ񣬵һƷнףڶƷͽ׷ףҲнϣóԼʵ
˵⻰ˣŹ졣
˻
˶һ¶˾ɫƷҲͰˣȻƷףҪ֪ͬΪƷ౦׵ļֵȴǹ֮࣬ν˶ˡ
캬ЦͷҲһʹļƷףټ껵ֱһѪȴûа취ϾӥŵӣڵӣʵǳǿֻѪóȫԸˡ
Ͼһ˲½ӣĿŵӣ꣬ŵĵӽٵĿ
½ӱԣѾһ򵥵ıԣһغıԣκһڶ䲻ӥźڣ첻Ҳûзӣ⼸ŷչʵ̫ˣгԽڵͷԶ˲žλᣬϴѹһš


520 Ϊ
ͬʱŰޡ
ҳ֡˵
ҳֶԸǵµڶǹޣԵ˫޵ʵȻֵ֡
Ȼˣɣص㿴˳һۣͷ̤߳˫һ棬ƮƮ䵽˱̨ϣһƮ죬ԼĶޡ
ص֪УԼʩʵ֮ǰĻǶӥ޵Ķ֣ȴδˡ
˭´صһۣʵ
ص㣬ͽ̣ص
ص㣿Ǹӿĵһţüͷһ壬һΪӿһأԭٿǰŵʱ첻˵ˣӿţһ죬һص㡣
˶٣˵ȻͬӿţҾȴ㣬Ȼٴ죡
ҲӿţҲǡصƽ˵
ҹǲǣȴ˵޴һֱչڹ˸һڵĴ˫ּ䣬һԾ𣬻ڹ˸ͬһħһ㣬ڹ£ص㡣
ৣ
صȻһУལУֱһɾ䡣
飡
һںڹϣڹҴܣ֯һ𣬷ҵ
ӡ޺ٺһЦдȣڹ˸ȻһɸߣкڹҲ֮˲٣Уͬһ㣬һӳըҾ
¡
ڹͬɫһص㡣
ಣ
صһ˫ལ߳ʱʱ޷׽Ӱ
ڷţҲܹ׽صеĹ켣˿һͬʱҲӰٶȣ޷ЧĹص㣬صȻҲ֪һ㣬ԲûкӲӲѡʱá
ʲôӿһţҿǵһ󱲲ǣеͺҴսһ޷ǱΪĸоʧصɲһսǾͷ۴̼صԼһս
ȻˣҾ㣡صѾĲͣתͷ˵
ǾҿֶΣŭ˵ͬʱתڹ֮УĿɭȻĿصһۣ¶̵ɫһڹ㣬ͬһֺһ㣬¡¡صѹȥ
飡
ƶ´죬̨·Ҫˡ
壡
صͺһӿţһߵӰζǳһ޴ལն£һ޴ɫɶȶ䡱һڹײޱ˳ȥ
ʲô
ӥӶһǿ֪޵û뵽Ƶ޾ȻصĶ֡
ӿһŹȻ鴫ǲ֪ӿһʵˣ࿴죬¶һ˿Ȥӡ
ߣˣʮоͿɰ˫˵
ԣɫһ𣬶û˵
УԵ˫ʵǿһֵǳ뻯ڶҶһĵһС
ӿһҲӥˣҪôʱ䡣ڵٷ治м˵
ҿҲ칻˲Ϊǡһָ޳˵
ԣЦָͬ޳Ļ
ӥ첻ȴһƽޱصѹ޶ԣ·˿ӡ
ʵҲˣ֮ǰõϢ½ֻصЩ˲ֵһᣬصֻôһʵĻôӥſ˫Ҷһӳսˡ
ҲһЦ⣬а룬Ҳ̫߹ˣһѵȴǺбҪ
ŲΪǣ
첻һۣǿ˴еЦ⡣
أ
ͻȻһ죬ֻޱصһɳȥһѪ
ˡص㹰˵
ٺ٣ܹӿһսزҵҡĨȥǵѪ±̨ߵ첻ǰݵܣ
ȥɣ첻䵭˵
ǣһɣ˻ԭλ
治֪λ̨ͽ̣ص㹰˵
ȭǰָС߳һߴ꣬һ˫ֱۿڷ룬һ涼·ڵĶ䵽̨ϣȴһضûУȻȼˡ
ȭԿص㣬¶죬û뵽ǰȥЩݵӰȻȡȭԡ
룡
صɫأΪȭϸоһǿ
ȣ
ȭԴһһףһȭ˹ƲɵеĻص㡣
ǿһ˷ܵ˵ֵ֪ܷס
ֵѾСɣȭҪɲסЦ
šԵͷȻǺϤеھ壬Ȼܹƾɾͽ֮λôҲԼô
û뵽ӥҲôţǰǺѿİһ̾
ǰһԤϣô֣һҪˡԱһϵͷ˵
٣ŵĻᰡָΪȻЦ˵
Ц
ȷʵһʮǰǲܳôģοǬԪôһСط
ݣϰٸ
ÿһԺǬԪȼ磬ǿǬԪô壬


521 ָ޳VS
ҲǾ̾û뵽Ŷ̶һգصʵǿôࡣ
ĶȭҲ
飡
˫ȭ趯纣ڷһ㣬Ϣˡ
ȭȭ֮ȭԵһְԵŵζһȭԾ
䣡
صһȭȭһȭ˱̨̨ϣʱѷ֣֩һӳȥ
壡
صоâ˸ٳɣʩչ壬ʱƬ⸡ֶΪģԲʮɣ޵ģһɫȴɢµ¡һ岨һ޴ɫӰ岨ֳ߳־޽صһ
𣿡ȭһ˿ɫʵ
صȭԣɫӰɫ޽һǰ
ߣȭһӿ𶯣һ֣ͬһСһ㣬µɢƾճִ磬ޱȣһȭȭƾ죬·춼ˡ

صնһɫӰеɫ޽֮նɫһƬ罫ȭԺǿµȭ̴֣һƬ죬ֻȭˣÿһ¾ͳȥһ޴Ľӡʮֿ¡
𣡡
ȭԴһٴǰ˫ȭŭţ֮ͷݺײɫ޽͹ֻһͱ˳ȥ
飡
䵽ϣȭԻѪ
ʲô
θֵڳϺ͵ӳԾˣҲ¶ɫһ˿⣬ǱúýѵһЩˣҲ֪˭ӿİ
ߣָ޳ս㣡
ȭԵص˲䣬һӰٿȻ֮мٶȼ죬һߣصǰͬһ£һͷڷһһ𣬸һַŵӡ
ৣ
ָ޳һʱһģһӰӶͬʱص㡣
صɫ΢䣬Ӳʯལ趯ʱһȦȦɫɢȥͬһʯӵƽĺһһȦȦˮƣָ޺ԿԼ
һָɽ
ָ޳ָʮĪ⣬һָ£ʱһ¡γһɫɽصȥ
飡
ɫ顣
ָ޳ӰԲ׽һ㹥ص㡣
˶¶Ȼ֮ɫָ޳ʵŽǰһָӥ½ӵ˽ܴܣοصѾսָ޳Ķ֣
ৣ
ָ޳˫ֱָʮ̽һ㡣
֪УԽ޺͵Ϊָͨȷѡ
ǰףµĻҲܴ󣬹Ҳٽڡڣǿߡ
Ψָȷߣٳֳ͵ǿߣУҲֻΪһָʽΪҪʽ£ɾͣʵ̫ˣ٣ǧ綼ûгָںڡ
˵ָȷļѡ
ָ޺ָܹ磬ʵѵãӿһˡ
ԣصָ޺ۣҲҴ⡣
ָ޳
ӥ˳һû뵽ָ޳Ȼˡ
ָ޳֣ӿһ˱ذܡ첻
ҳԣǵͷ
ָ޳ʵǿս֧Ų˶á˵һָоԼָ޳ʮжӲˡ
ָҲòϣָ޳ָԼϣҲöԸ
ߣָ޳Ըʱ˳һɫ˵
ǾˡЦʵûжìܣֻǲ·ˣȻԸ֣ԻֵôӦġ
㲻ظлⲻΪţΪԼȻҲ󡣡һӦ˵
ϺԶ¶ŭɫԻֹ
ģ
˵䣬صѾʩչ壬ֳ־޽ƵƵ޽ָ޳ȴЩ˵ϾָԶصûԶ̹ĵز

ָ޳ָֻʮָʮָⵯ糤һ㣬ޱȣ׼ȷޱȵĴɫ޽ϣصˣȻֻм֮û˷֮ˡ
ָ޳ȻһӮˡصͻȻݺݵһνˣվ˵
ߣʶࡣָ޳ص䣬һɫ˵
ȻһҪҲվָص㷽һȥָ޳棬Ҳһɫ
Ŷӿһ죿ָ޳ĿưĿһ죬˵
ҲǡȻΪԼȴǳϵĶֱ֣ҡͷ
ǣȷʵûʲô֮ȷʵӿһͷָ޳Ŀһۣ˵
֪ˡʮֿ˳ָ޳ΪȻԼҪʵڷŭȵǹ˵գǹݵһ˳ȥһһ㹥ָ޳
Ҵ㡣ָ޳ԭư쾹ȻԼŭѣʮָѹǹ
ʵҲǿ˲١صһƽ˵콻֣֪ʵ
ѵǹгɾ磿
ûУС۷塣ҡͷ˵ҲǾ츳ȻǳϵĶ֣Ҳӿһ֮뵽һ۲Զĳϣ֪Էʵǿ˶٣
Զƣ˫ֱѪޱ飬ָ޳ıԣȴƵƵâ


522 ޺ǹ֮ս
ӿһŵʵ𣿹ȻӣҵĶ֡Ҷһ￴ǹ죬ԸȤ˵ɲҵĶֻ֣һС
˵ţߵĵʵأߵĿ£Ҳġ
ʮУ
ʮУҶһ˶һЦʵǿˡ
첢£µǸѪˣһĿ⿴ϣüͷһ壬תĿ䵽˳ϡ
Ҷһ￴ϺͳԶˣʱͫ΢ǱѪĸҴһѹȻ˵ģӿһţ˲ǡţ򳽻ԣ˵ˣֻǶ׵ʦˣҾͿɴΪǡ
Ҳɡ˵
Ǿȣû뵽ⱧѪ˾ȻôҶһﶼֱԲʤ֮ڳԣѾǺˡ
ͬʱӥҲйעָ޳ıԡ
쾹˵ӿһţ˭ǣüʵ
ǱѪĺǿҶһ
ǿྪҶһﶼϺǿĻǱѪ֮˾ĺǿˡ
ǿҶһ
ڶŵ˽̫ȱˣֻ֪졢صǰŮʩȴһ֪˫˵˭ҵĶ֣ҵ˫δǬԪĵһޣ
ʦ˵ǡҶһ˵
ָ޳ֲ˶ˣһԸ˫
ãҶһ
絶˫˵ģָ޳籩Ĺ£Ƶˣֻм֮ûз֮
ʮָ
ָ޳Ŀɫ࣬һ˫ʮָ𣬷Եָ⣬һǿĻʮָɢȥݵһʮָͬʮ磬Ҫ塣
ƾ㻹ҵĶ֣ƣɫָ޳Цһǹ裬趯ɽӣ񱩵ǹϢйȥˮһ㣬¡ֱȥʮָ⣬ָ޳ϡ
ָۣ޳Ѫ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
ߣסһǰҪ̫ˡ츩ָ޳˵
㡭ָۣ޳˫ŭһѪֱ˹ȥ
ָ޳µڶԾָ̨޳죬˵죬ڵģ
ôҶ֣ͫ΢оµڶǿߣİȴ˲ʵ
ã˻ѵ㡣µڶһ仰ָ޳̨
һĿ䵽ӥϡ
ৣ
ҶһӭĿ⣬ǹһ˿Цһ߳գۼ棬˵סҽҶһˣ
ҶһܺãĸأЦֺսɢ۳黯ǹӰԵޱȡ
˼ҶһһЦٿȻһֻԭһӰ
̨˴󾪣
Ҷһÿٶȣǲ֪ʮΣ
ȻӥźڶûһöԸģҶһҲ⡣
ҿ˰Եǹʮ֮˾žͻгɲԶˡ
ԵҲɫһ䣬ͬٶȼʮȴͫ΢ÿٶȣǲ֪ҵļٽ٣
²סʩ֪ʱ˹죬˵ڱԽеڣѾûֵˡ
ܣҶһҲòȥԵǿѾﵽ׵ʦĲΣԺܿҶһǿܸԼҲǸ˲ء
»ʧܡָɫأ͵˫ûгְ
ϺͳԲҲûгһ˽һ첻Ϊ˵
Եʵ뵶˱ȼ磿һû뵽ôسԣʱ
ȻֻǶ׵ʦΪʵʵȴԶԶ˶׵ʦӦеȻ֪ˡƽ˵ˣҲһѺϾҲ֪ԵʵʵмΣϾ͵˫˵ĵױȵġ
ðɣϣԡ̾Ȼǲóԡ
ҲóԣϾԵľȵ͵˫˵һΡ
ָֻ˹һۣ˼
Ҷһսһٶȼ죬ֻܿӰڽ
Ҷһһޣ
죬һǹޣ
ǽ޺ǹ֮ս
ս
սҶһϣʵһϼ
ݣ
콣
ৣ
ǹƿա
ӿǿսһ

޾£Ƿǹһ𣬶ʱ𲻾ڶĶ
ҶһﲻŽޣ򽣵˶Ҫǿܹʮȼ磬й죬иɻǹԵҲκβ
޺ۣ
һҶһٴһʱһƬ֮ڽ𣬵һȦȦɫˣ˵һһ޼᲻ݵĽ칥ȥ
Ե£
ڷ裬һͬħֳǹһ壬һ˿ǹӳһǹǹƣԴǽ֮У䡱һըҶһζʱ˳ȥ
һ˿ɫĿƵĶ죬˵ǹȻ鴫Ҷһˡ
ǹɢĿ԰ҶһĻʱЦãǹϲӽұǰǹ죡˵գĿ˵ĿҶһҰǹֵķϣҾʹһܣ
ã
ҶһսⰺȻֽӳôҲûԼİǹһԴ죬ڶԺӵаǹ֮
䣡
һնըһζȾһƬɫĵ㣬ţʧȥ
ɫһ䣬ȻоԼڣ·𾭹˴ķѿһ㣬ϵս־ȻҲһһֵļ٣¶ɫȻ쳤Хǹϯѹķ


523 ǹ
䣡
޵ǹƺҶһʩչ⽣ʱʧȥ޷졣
ͬʱоһǰδеİԵԼѹһʧصĸо
󺧣û뵽ʵսʵ˼֡
ãҶһΣաɫһ䣬оҲǽޣ۽ȴҶһĶ֣ȻȴûҶһﾹȻѹסˡ
Сˣӿһ֮ȻսʵǹƵİԵʵǿҶһﶼܵѹơ˫Ҳû뵽һıԣȻĽ
첻͸ӾˣɱȴеĶ࣬Ҷһ˵ĻӥŵϣɾͶڵ˫ˡ
ͬȵĻڵӣû뵽ָ޳ľôĻԼʮжֵ
һﲻ
ӥź˴ѹţģһٴѹţû뵽űǿĶ࣬ҶһۿͲĶˣµڶҲĶ֣ڵϣֻܼڵ͵˫ϡ
ȴδ֣ŮʩҲǵ˵Ķ֣ǱѪӺʹδĵӣȴǲò
ǰܵĻӥźڿɾ͵ɷʴһס
뵽߲ѡ
һڳϺ͹ȴЦ⣬ԭ첻ҶһĶ֣û뵽쾹ȻսǹƵȻûʵȴһߣʵ˴벻
ɽˮ·һ壡
ֱǿˣ۾ԭѵһû뵽Էʵ˿죬˿̿ԼҲĶ˰ɡ
ԭΪӿһЩ˵ڿСˡ̾
Ϻʩ˶ͷȻʮһĮȻȴ¶֮ɫ
ܹΪӿһţûеҲЩ⣬û뵽쾹ȻܹսʵһµĶ֡
ڵҵĶ֡ϼ򵥵˵һ䣬ٶԡ
ŵ˷ޱȣȻвٵӿư˿һĶ⣬ܹҶһôҲıĿ
̫ưȴһѵõĺӡڣϤŵһС
䣡
ǹΪһ壬ٽǹǹǹﵽĵزһǹǻȻɣˣҶһٲά衣
֮⣡
ҶһŽ֮֮⣬ڻ֮⣬٣Ȼ𣬵ȴ֮һʱһƬ⣬·Ѿסһǹ
޵У
ıǰԵǹһУԵĵˣڸǹǹƣʩչ޵УǴľˡ
飡
һǰģһеĻҶһĽϡ
ģ
ҶһĽȻѳڣֲǹйϣͬˮһ㽫û
ۣ
һѪ˳ȥ
һǰưҾɱ㡣ǹƮƮ˵Ҷһ˵
ۣҶһ˫һɣһѪ
˻
ȫʱһƬ
죡죡죡
һ̣ȫǽк
һսǹ֮νˡصЦ
һǹ֮һ˵ʮ˵
һսϺӳ󶼸Ĺ˺ܶࡣ
ܹǾͺˣֻˡԵ˵
ߵ·һʩһĿӹһֱû˵ĳϡ
ԣ˶Ĭ
ã
ų̲סкãϾ˭óҶһӥеĵλʵӥŵ־ŵ硣
Ӷ˶ò𣿿ȥ첻һһ˵
Ӧһ̨Ҷһ̨
ڸ˭̨Ⱥۣӥźڵӣʮ˵ʵ
µڶ
ڶ¡֣𣬡ȥֻʤܣ
ǣɫ䣬һһΣ˱̨ϣĿͬ䣬죬Ҷһһս˲ڳִ㣬㲻Ҹһյʱָʵһյ֮ҽ㣬ķڷ
ĿĿѪ죬ͬҰޣ뷢ŭȲҾԼһΣյϢŭʵ˭
𡣡
ãܺãȻˣҾͲˡһЦ˵֮ӦǱҶһһս˵Ļսʤƽ̹ѵˣԼٿҲҪСļ֡
Թϥ£µҩָ
ߣˣһȴδֹ
ٷü˵
ģĵѾгɣǹС۷壬ҲһǵĶ֡µڶЦ
ԭˡٷͷ
ߣ⵶𵽵һɵģȻô֣ŭ
ҿ˰ǹ죬ҳˣҲֻ˫ʦֳˡ಻м˵
죡˫ȵ
ǡɫٶԡ
ǰˡصü˵
û뵽ǹԸ񶼸ıˡ̾оõڵĿ¡
Ϻʩ˶ĬȻϣĿɫᶨ¶ģԽһҪǱȻĲԽԽ


524 
£һͷڷţ˫ڣޱȡ
ϣԸоµϢͬ䣬鼫ˡ
ӵһ˿ɫ˵˭˽⵶𣬷Īһ¶񵽣СڳҲѵԵʣ͵С˹ͨԸ񼫶ˡ
ԣ𵶷Ϊȡ
ҲûʧʮͻƵʦΪһš
˵ϣ㲻Ҫʧ
⵶̫ˣȻָ򣬼ֱĿˣȻָʱܣҲֲñˡ
ҿȻʾԼģ
ô˵ʵǿģ켴ʵָҲĶ֡
ŵӶԵԴľ߲ѣҲһЩΪǿ²Ķ֡
֪һյʱȥ
𣡡˫ۣսĿŵ𣬳𣬶ʱⷢ죬ֻһǹ⻷⣬һ㣬ǹ־ӿ⣬ŵѹȥʱ첻
ߣ
һߣ¹ĵȻһϵ־ͬɽһ㣬籡ҽȻĵ־֡
䣡
־ǹ־һͬʵһ㱬޴ĺ죬ŵӶöĤˣֱˡ
̫ǿˣ־ǿǶ˵״ﵽʲô磿
ǵ־޷ֵȥһоͰˣǸóС
ǰվһ۷֮еܹǱȼĿָ
˾͵ʵ̫ǿˡ
Ҳò֣ضԴ͵𣬿ϵҲһأ˱ֳʵǵ
䣡
ѣ
͵𼸺ͬʱУԼٶȱƽԷʮɿռ룬ѸŤϸ΢Ĳ·Ҫɢһ㡣
ϣ
ĵ˷ǹϣǹʱ𣬻ҴܶһƬ֮͵עŶԷսǰδеĸ߰
¡
ռڵĿҲ޷˵ļѹը͵ȴûзֿ趯ǹ̳ǹͬѩһ㣬ÿ̳һǹ㺮һ֣·𱻶ˡ
η壬һǰ趯ɽʧɫһȴʮ۶ɣٺһ㽫û̱еǹȥ޵С
ʶһɨоȣĵʵ̫죬һ֮ڣʮңէһͷ·һ
𾪣Ҫ֪ص㡢ʮӸ˵ڽޣֵٶȣʮΪһʱҲֻܹʮң仰˵ʮϵ𣬲һ֮С
ƿصѾĽ׵ʦӵеΣҲǡ
Ȼ͵ǿҲ壬ӵǿ⣬ӵо֮
Եľ֮ͨ޵ľ֮ȫͬʱͿռһ̶ϿӰֵĳٶȣֵܹǿԼ
ǳĵƣ
죬ҳϵ͹ˣڣһóʵһսҲóȫɣٶˣĿ貣ͬ⣬죬սȻ˵
ãһɫԾ£ǹ⻡˸绡һǣ
𵶷
һ趯һͬٲһռ䣬¡ܻһƬ⺣󣬽֯һһɹɾܣһһϵֳΣȥ
䣡
԰ټƵĵȻն£ض·һΪ죬ױȣҪ롣
Եǹ
룬ǹû趯Ƿ޴ʵǾ춯أһǹ£ʧɫ̨ڲҪɢ
ͣ
ѧʩչ໥ڿﻮһĹۣɨһ㡣
꣡
һ죬˰Եǹϣͬʱը
⣡
Եǹ⣡
˶֪ⳡԽеͷһзʤ
û˿ԥ˶óԼĵƣҪܶԷ
𵶷һУ֮ȫޣ貵⣬̨ϡ
Եǹ⣬ǰδеİԵһأƴޱȣһ𣬿µĻ˲ϯȫǹ͵⣬еΣֻߣݺᣬ˺ѿռ䡣
¡¡
̨޲Ҫһ㡣
ȣ
󱩺ͬʱֻ޾Ӱ֮УӰͬһײһ𣬴ڶ¡һըӰͬʱɳȥѪ۽Ⱦ̨
飡飡
Ӱͬʱڱ̨ˣ͵ˡ
ǾȻܾˣ˭Ҳû˭
Ŀɿڴû뵽ԾȻĽƽ֡
ʲôһվŵڱ̨ϵĵɫ˼㣬һܣڿɾˡ
µڶҲɫû뵽Ȼûܴ죬ܾˡ
ӥ첻Ҳսܣڿɾûˡ
ۣŻһݲĸûгο͵ɷʴһף첻ɲʹ˷뵽ĿͶ˵˫ʵ˫Ҫȵǿһ㣬ҲӶԸˡ
㿴һô㣿쿴һ첻õ˼㣬ȴû¶һƽʵ
ƽְɣ˵
ãһƽ֡Ц


525 VS˫
һɳҲ泩࣬ƽǬԪѹȵĸоɲܣһΣüˡ
µڶ̤һݵ
ãĿھֻµڶõóˣӥţҶһѰܣҲֻе˫һˣµڶȥ̽һʣӵʵͷͬµڶս
ৣ
һ죬µڶ˱̨ϣĿɨϺͳˣ˵µڶ֪λʦǰͽ̨̣ϵѪѾгɾ˿򶷼
֣
ϺصˣҪ̨ϾѾòĸˣʩҲĬĬĿ
ȴһЦ
ųϣ
˲䣬ԭվڳԲԶĳϲӰ˱̨ϣһĮĿµڶ
ƽ֣߾òƷףҲӦһƷȴһδȻҪץס̨µڶȻӥŵĵ˫֡
ܵ˫ϾΪŵĹųԼǸ͸ˡ
һǶ˵ҲΪǬԪһţ˲֪
ԣǧѷĻᣬȻøԡ
ɶ񣡡Ȼ
һˡϵ
˫ɲöԸưɣЦ
ͬʱϳ֣һƬ
ڳˣνµڶذɡ
ǿȻԼȡһԴֱ֣ǲ֪ν
µڶһܣڿɾûˣͿӥŵ˫ܷͳϿ⡣
۷׷ףµڶǳϵĶ֣Ͼֳʵ̫ˡ
гϣµڶüʵ
ӽ㽫Զס֡һĮ˵
ӿ֪ʱʲôµڶʵ
һ㡣ϵ
˵ʲôµڶͫһγ
ৣ
ȻѾУһѪ顱һµڶıϣ䣬ֱӵ˳ȥѪ
˻
ŵӣӥšڵӶ嵹һĿɿڴĿΡȻĳϡ
һֻһʹµڶ
ԵʵµڶǰѽĻᶼûУ̫ˡ
ϵ˭ΪʲôǶû˵±ص컹Ҫǿ
źڵӴʧɫָ޳ˣֱ˺һĿǵ
ϣ
첻ͬʱ̨֣ϵĳϣüͷ࣬Ƿ֣Ҳһϴѹһ󣬾һ㣬ڶŵ˽ʵ̫ˣϣǾȻû˵
ʵĶųϣһ˵
ȻֱֵӴһ
֣ȣǿҲ𾪣򳽻ԣʵ
ʵûȫӳĿǰ֡ҲǳԾڳϵʵҲڳԾϾûʵŻ֣ڷӦ
֣ϵûлӳԿеó𰸣𾪵˵Ͽ۷ʦȴǶ׵ʦ˵ǳϵĶֲŶԣȴ˵֣˲˵Ǻͳһĸ֣
ԭΪǵĽѾˣû뵽˵У㡣ϿЦ
ǰصҲЦֱ
ʩΪȻĵͷ
ıԿʼˡֻ΢΢һЦ̨˵
ԣϵ˶ĿͶ̨Ͼ˽ʵһᡣ
ʱ̨µڶѾڵ̧ȥվ̨ϵӥŵӵ˫
͵һǵޣͬղͬʵȴȵһ֣һ㣬˫˫
ԭҺʧΪžֻصˣû뵽ȴ㣬ϣ㲻ҪҰһˡ˫һ£ĵʮһûзŽУǱϣ·ʱԳϡ
һĮ˵
ͿûǸʵ˫ǹһĨЦӱȡ˵ʽͨڰγ˲䣬һʣһ貵⣬֮ˮһ㣬бָ̨棬ӳճƬâ
ҲȡԼĽʽͬӣ·һɱ˵һƷһ㣬ڱеɲǣһʵķһɹѪɢڳܣѪ¡
ڱ˿ֻһͨѽ֪ζųϽ˫ͬȼĶ֡
ɱ¾˫¶ɫʵ
˵ϻ뿴ĵǷ˫֡ϴϵ
ãܺãǵһ˵⻰ˣһҵµˡ˫ЦζȻƶӰһƽϣﴫ죬ʩչ˾ܳϡ
ߣϹȻȻҶ˫ô˵ֱ·˵
Űɣʮڣͻ˫£ʱžû˸̨ˡٺЦ
ҶһͽȻû˵ʲôϵıȴ˵һС
첻Ҳһ⣬ţ˫ʧ
һڳȴһأĳϻڵ˫ϣҲɫأϾغŵԳģҲϣܹܵ˫ŷĵ¡
ৣ
˫һǰϳ貵⣬趯ÿһɳͬһȥ뽫˺ɷ۴⡣


526 Ȼ
óʵɣǿ񱩵ĵɫֺѪϣ͵һĵһգޣĿƵĶŵ˫һĮ˵˵ֻʵ
ҲĽ׵ʦ˫漴ɫ˵Ȼˣ̽͵Ϊֹɣ¡һһɻȻɵĵƽ٣ڵ˫ϣҫۣҫ䳡
ƣƣһѪӿѪѪǣһ£޿ƥУǵһУ߽⣬Բɱӵٶȱƽĵ˫һ
˫⣡߰ԵµһΨ˫˳ȥӿǰѪɢնϡ
ɱ¾ϱѪ޷ģͬҰޣԲʮɶѪͬһ㣬ϣµɱ¾ӭ˫⣬һС
¡
˫ɱ¾ײһ𣬶ʱضɽҡ̨·Ҫˣ־ҡֳ̨ѷ졣
ң˫
˫ƿǣڷ裬űԸɽ֮ϡ
޾ɱ¾
չɱ¾ļɱ¾УϢħ
̨£ڵӶұӣе
һ˫һɱ¾˭ǿ˵
Ȼ֪ǳϺ͵˫Ķ֣ϵսȴǸ߰
ͳԶһѪУ̨һս
ߣڲԶһȴս⣬·Ҫͳϡ˫һս
Ѿվһ۷ˣܹǿָ
ʵ⵶˫ҲͰˣϾȻҲôǿ
ϣ֮ղԶˡ
ӥźڳϵۣɫأŵǿ󣬿ɲ뿴ġ
䣡
̨ϣһƬըײڷϣҡҡ׹
ৣৣ
Ϻ͵˫ٶʵ̫죬һ˸ǵӣֱ磬һףӴ
˫壡
˫ˣȴһ֣ǿƣ쳤Хбʣ֯һ׺һ㣬¡֮쳹գ˱ԶԶȥͬһ޵Ϲգ¹أ޿ƥС
ն
˫Ϊϣֲĵֱӽ֣磬˺ϡ
ʲô
ϴ󺧣æʩչɱ¾Ѫ
أ
͹˫һӴͽ˳ȥѪڵϣϲţҾȻˣ
˵㲻ҵĶ֣ڲǣҲǡ˫Į˵
ɶɱ¾壬ذ֣˻ͬһֻҰޣڵ˫ϣĴʵ̫ˡ
û˾ǰˡ˫˵
һΣһҪ㡣ϻ͵˫ǷĿһ𣬷ĺԾ±̨ܿʧȺ

ܣʱһƬȻ
ܣ˭뵶˫⣿
ѵŽʧ
첻κɫеȴ˸Ц⡣
һڳɫأָƽ̣
𣿡˰֣򳽻ԣЦ˵
һڳ򳽻ԣǲš
ϰˡųܵıӰ֪ԳԸһεʧܣĴжԹƣȴǿҪģΪ֪վԼߵжǿ
֣ˡص˵
ʩһ˫üĿų»ԣķ֣Դܳϵĵ˫Ȼûһ˿Ķݣһ˿ûУк棬ԵˣĲ嵶˫
ţڳѰܣ֪Żûܹ뵶˫ԣڱԵΪֹ첻νüϾҶһϣ͵һս˻ԣڻûŵûˡ
ǰţ˴ڱԾ͵˽ɡҲãڿ⵽ڴѹȻ½ǰ
Ц
Ŷѵ½滹ܷ˫첻ʵ
ԺЦ
ѵǳԣ
ŵ֮Уأ˭Ҳ֪ʵѵܹȼ絶˫
⻰һֹŵӣӥźڵĳϡҲص㼸ˣǸ֪˭һƬãȻ
ѵµڶŵӵĿⶼһòͨݵϣɻ꣬ǳԣʵ̫ͨˣһ֮⣬ֱǺעĿ
ԣ˫עŵ۵ĶĿ䵽˳ϣ֪׵ʦ󣬱ǲм˵֪νûˣһϣ½Ӿ
㵨ŵӣʦ֣һҪ֪ŵ
ǣ볽ʦ̨⵶˫֪ô
˫ֱĿˣʦֽ֣ѵ
ŵӴŭ׷ǳ⵶˫볽̨ϾѾ뿪ˣصʩȻʵȻǵ˫Ķ֣Ҳֻһֱδֵĳˡ
ұ죡˫ȣĿɨӣ֮ʱѻȸ˵ǲ̨һս
ŵӲҺ͵˫ӣͷ˵
СӣֵˣҺѵһ£ڳԶĿ⿴ȥȴһƽĿȴڰʾԼգһ߳Ⱥ̤˱̨


527 VS˫
⳽ʲô׵ʦս˫ʦֱ֣ȡ衣
ֱѻʯԲ
Űɣ˫ʦһ֮С
ӥӶһŭмĿųԣЩҲҡͷȻǲóԡ
ţûôһ׵ʦ̨˫򣬽Ҷ֪αأ첻죬һΪŴ˵
ǰţҿԾͽɡһԴǻ
ǺǣһȰɡЦǺǵĵһΪӡ
ԣ첻ЦȴſŵЦ
ʤ𣿡ʩü΢ʵ
֪˵Ȼʶôãȴδ֪ʵ
ָ̨һսľ֮ѾһǶľˡص˵
ߣô˵ҶϣܹݺݵĽѵһԴĵ˫𱬺˵
ڣ˵ע£˱̨
ԣû뵽㻹ƾһ㣬ʮ㣬Ҹһλᣬ̨˫Ŀ˳һۣĿһ˵׵ʦȻʵȫֵȼֵȤûС
ûȹô֪ҲĶ֣Ǳȹ˵ɣԻȻƽĿȴǼᶨޱȣ˿嵶˫
ãܺã·㲻ߣͱˡ˫ɫһ˵
ӥŵҲŭӳԣõ˫һдܳԡ
Ȼ½ѡЩϷԤϣܹ֪ϵܵʵʵҲԭӥźڵĲڣ·Ϥأ֪һС
СӣҲǽޣɣǰĻᶼûС˫ӳԣذȫûнУʸ񣬱ϾĲοɱȳԸ߳ףȫѹԵ
ҾͲˡЦ
㲻ؿΪһĻᶼûСڵ˫Уʵ̫ˣ᲻κȤ
һУǳҪģû˿ԥһУǾѧХգ˳һ£նƿռ䣬ͬһ˫ȥ̴죬Ϊ֮ʧɫ
ɶʵԭӳԵĵ˫˲ʧɫųŭܵģһ¡ն˽ϣȻסһȴ˺ʮס
ʲô
ӥźڵʧɫϵʵŵҲǴһĿɿڴĿųԣû뵽϶ܵĵ˫ȻԱƵñˣȻӣҲӦñһˡ
ԣʵǲѣһˣ
ƾһԾ̤ǬԪһǿ֮ˡ
ԭƽȫһԵһµ첻ˣҲǳһӳԣתһƽģĹ죬ŭ⣬ԭɱﵲǳϣ۵ĳԡ
š˵ˣǱһȣ㿴ûɡЦ˵ʵҲһΪ˱һӣһƽ
ߣ˫ֻǴˣƽ̻Ǳ̫硣첻һ˵
һ޷ֲģοסʱһãӱذܡʮ϶˵
ǾĿԴɣЦ
һĻ価ųУǶԹѣټԳģ羴ԭƽѾֻ֪û˵ˡ
ãֹȻʵ
ȻֲǿԴȵġص
˫ѾӦϣû¡ϱȽǣȻԱֳǿʵ˫ʵȴģô״ܵġ
ʩüĿգųԣ¶棬֪һûбûݵˣΪܹߵزôžۼߣ˵кǿ˸
˿ֻ̣г֪˫ǿԼֲҲû˵ֺһǿĶ֡
Ⱥ˵ͬĽ׵ʦ˫ȴǿˣԲǰʮ֮С
ʵ𣿡˫ʵԣĿƣ䣬Ȼң̫ԶٿȻһһӳƽԡ
ɫ䣬齣ϣƽĿǰ
ˡ
Ȼһ΢һ̾ͱͬХһǿᣬд
Եǿ󣬼޳ΪԼޣ͸ǿˣ˫һһޱȵƿ֮УǻӳһҲ֮䣬ȫƿأǾʦǿط
¡
һ黯Ӱڿӹ⵽˾޴ѹ̱ըˣųѹȥһ޴һ㣬֮ҪԺݺѹơ
أ
貵⻮Ƴգһ¡һƬ𣬵˫·ǴӸ߳˳ǰһ£޵С

ֱӻһ£޴ΣԱܵĻӳһһ齣ϣһ޴죬䣬˫ų»ԣһЦ̤ƽԽǰ
ৡһ£µһ׻λεĵ¶ϵĳųԲȥͬһ䵶һ㣬ҪȥԵԴ
Σ֮ŵӿľ
û뵽ȴμţ齣ӰΣʱ𲻾ڶһ֮£˳ȥ
ৣ
ûֹͣһЦԱ֮ʩ齣ޣһ㣬ܹۿ
˫ͫ΢ֻо齣ʧǰܹоõ齣һַٶȱƽԼȻεض𣬱һ裡ʱһһĵˮһ㵴ȥ


528 ܵ˫
䣡
ݺᣬϯȥյĿ¡ֻ֮һλε齣˵֮¡
ն
˫Цһѹǧɽӣ¡һ齣ϣȻԸоһǿѹֱϣã˫ЦһҰܣ¡һն£ɽڳϣʱ˳ȥ
ͣ
˫Ų̨棬ϳһĽźۡ
ֱ΢΢ס𾪣˫Ȼ֮޹ֺϰϡ
ߣɣˣ˫Ҳľû뵽ԼʹʵȻδܴܳԣʵŭĿĶųԣݺݵ˵㲻ҵĶ֡
飬ָһš齣Уһ齣е֮ڣĵ𣬻齣ڣ絶⣬ѩһҫķ
ʣ
ƴĽˮһ˷ȥգҪĥ˫
ʲô⣬ȳϵɱ¾Ҫǿ˫һ˿ɫȴǲ֪ԵĽ֮ɱ¾ԱģοԵľƴʩչȻ
͡
齣Σһ֮ŵ˫ȥ
˫⣡
˫ɫȻҴ⣬ʩչ˫⣬ѾԵͬȼĶ֡
˫⣬̺˫֮⡣
Ϊٱ֮ʣΪٱ֮Ȼ˫޴󣬵ԵƫƫȴǳԵ齣⣬Խϴڣֱ齣֮¡
ʲôô
˫󺧣αˣ裬Ȼ˳ȥ
ŵӶʱһû뵽ʵȺĵ˫ȻһˣȻûдܣ˵ʵˡ
ӥźڵӸǲţĿɿڴ
Ϊ𾪵ĵ첻֪˫ʵû뵽Ȼѹƣʵɫѿ˼㣬ҲòȥҪ֪˫ΨһĻᣬβѹţһδѹĻޱȼˡ
ɶ㾹ң˫Ŀ䣬Ķųԣɱ¶Ҫ㸶ۣ˵գ͵س񵶣һϯ»ԣ˸貵⣬˺ѿһڽ³̨֣·Ҫķѡ
˫
˫𣬵䣬ƿն£ȥһ
Ԫ
齣нҫۼںһǰռ伫Ťһ˵˫ϣľһ㣬Ҫɡ
ʲô˫ʱֻٶȴ󽵣һɽϣǦһ㣬޷ߡ
ԿĿ䣬һ߽ƻʵ˲ٽ˫
˫
˫ųԣоһԼһɽѹԼϣ޷һǰδеΣгͷʧܣ쳤Х죬пϯҰһɫӣ֮ˮˢ¡
¡
Ԫʱһζ·Ҫ˫ѿ
˫
˫ٴδóĵƣҪԪ𳽻ԣ˿̵һͷҰޣɥʧǡ
Ԫ
ٴʩչԪ֮£ֱѹ˫
ۣ
˫һѪɫ԰ףɴ𣺡Ҳ䣡񱩵ĵ־ӿ򳽻ԣͬ籩һ㣬¡¡ԪȻб򣬾ҡ˫ͺǱҰޣҪ
֮
ɫ԰ףʩչԪ˿ȴиʱԪ޷ѹƵ˫ֻʩչĵƣ֮
ˣ
˫оڲ޴ΣƽԼԪԼвҪ
⡭Ǿ֮˫󺧣ͫǺ£˲䣬Լܵ˾޴ʹһıԼԺڣʱ£УѪصһ˱̨ϡ
˫ʦ֣
ӥӼæ̨Թȥĵ˫ȥ
˻
ȫ֮۾ţ˫Ȼ˳ԵϣǾԵѹƣûռһϷ硣
ʩչǾ֮첻ɫ˵ʲôԵľ֮Ȼ˹Ź֣Ҷ޷ֱ
ͬģҲüͷųһ·Ҫ
ӥźڵӶȻĿɿڴŵ˫Ȼˡ
ã
ųϼս򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ȳѡ
ľ֮Ҳ޷ֱϲ⣬ųԣૡ
ʱ䣿ǿռڵ˫üʵԣ·𿴼ڵľ֮
ʵϣԼҲ֪Լľ֮ԣоõһֳкͷԵľ֮
ţ˴δˣǣ첻һۻԲѵĵ˫ü죬˵˵գӥһ˳ӥգʧϿա
ҲûͣƬ̣쳤ϡӳȥ
ڶɨߣݴ˿̵ӥźٺò
ãԣһΪ´ˣ߳ųԵļޱȵ˵ǰرǼҲǡһǶص㼸˵ġ
лƽ̡Ե˹ݵ
ãˡЦ⣬õ˼㡣
ʮǰʺ򳽻ԣϵһЩŵӺ洫ҲǰύԣҲֵϾŵȫչԱûᣬȻܴ
ңʮҪом洫ӣˬӦ


529 
һս֮䶯ţò೤ʱ䣬ǬԪһ֮Ҳ֮
ĶԺͳϵĵӣҲ˲ٰ𵤣óԼ˴׬һʡ
ȻԺͳûֱӱԣͨԱȣԵóۣϲǳԵĶ֡
ʲôϲе˫˫ȴ˳ϣӻ֪Ϣ𾪵˼㣬ʲǳϵĶ֣ϰڵ˫ϣȴܵ˫񲻾˵ҲǳԵĶ֣
ɶ񣡡ղѣԭΪԼʵԴܳԣû뵽ȴԽԽĿ˵ԣһҪ洫ϴ㣡֪Ϊ洫ӣͿԲμһһε洫ʱҪڱϴܳԡ
ͬʱҲ֪Ϣ𾪣Ȼôǿڵ˫ǿᣬû뵽ԾȻ˵˫ӥźɨԶȥġ
ˣȡ֮Ҿ뿪ţ洫ٻ֪ҳϵкɫһ˵һսѾΣڶ࣬ƽ̹첻ͬһԼĴǸΨһķǾǳΪ洫ӣΪеǿߣǰʮǳϵĿꡣ
洫ǰʮӵеͬųϵʸ񣬳ţԼֳ޴ǱʵһʹǸ
գϼ
ҪõԽ࣬ҲԽ࣬
ͬģԵҲû˷ʱ䣬Ǳ
һҹ޻
һƺƺڰٴأ쵽
ر
ԡϡ졢ص㡢ʩ
ر󣬳ԵֻһɲɣϵϢڲȥȫǹС
ƷϡСĸȼƷѵһŶֻмѣƷҲֻʮҴƷͽƷǼΪѵõġ
˳ԣÿһж˸ȵĹâ
ɢ޳ɣѧ伮ǱȱеѪʹòײŵģֻƷнףǳޣܹõһƷĻʵٿΡ
صȻԴ󲿷ֶǬԪңѧ伮ٵúܣسҲΪŵˣôԶ⶯
ʩǳ壬Ȼ޷ǬԪȻȣʶȲص㣬ĿֱֱĿǰı
ΨԣһȻӣǰıһϣΪ齣ǼƷЩУ͸ͭһĵǷƷס
ձ˵õģܵ͵˫ſԻ÷ƷףҶһµڶֻܵõƷԳϡص㡢ʩ˾ѡȡɣɨһۣͳԣ˵Ƕˣȥ¥
󣬹Գ˵ӽ˾洫Ժˣѡȡ󣬾뿪رȥ洫Ժҩ洫Ժϻǣգ䳡ϣǰľɽ˷ˣ⣬סΪ洫ӣһ꣬ױڣԳʵǿߣԲμÿһε洫ԽߣõĽԽߣõŵҲԽ˺Ϊ֮ɣ
˵꣬쳽Ժ϶¥
ȫǷпʽģʽģҲһЩϱ֮ķ
һ⣬֣ҪԺƳ
ѡɣסֻһλᣡ˵
ǣԺ칧Ӧһۣ޻˵ʼѡ
ãѡһڼףƷͽס
ʱҲѡȡһʽķʮᱡǿƷнס
ǿھ͵ѪȻֱӴϡ
ԣԺ춼۾һܿʹϡ
ãȥ֮Ҳȥ洫Ժɣ껵Իᷢ㡣˵꣬תԳ˵ս򣬵һؽƷھøɣ
ʶȤ˳رڶԳԵĽ
ŰɡӴóһ鱾ݸ˳ԡ
Խӹ鱾棬һ꣬Ͼ¶֮ɫһȵĿŹ죬ʵƽ̣֪ƽ̼̳ѧǣоȣѵԼһƽ̣
ˣǻΪһƽֻ̣ӵм̳һƽ̵ʸˡЦ
Ҳ˵Ųֹһ˻˼
캬Цͷ㲻֪μ׵洫ʱͻǡ
˶٣˵Ѿţ˲֪ͲôŵˣֱӳΪ洫ӣŻкܶӼģ⣬׵洫һҪμӡ
ΪΣʵ
ǰˣʸܾĪԵʱ򣬶ŶеӲ
ˡԵܾ˵ǶݴڵһϹܾУܵõԵ˵ѧҩƷϽѧǧǰֹƷݡ
򵥵˵ܾһء
Ҳھ޴ΣգݵŵӶһ⣬ǧ˽ȥܹ߳һͲˣ߳ߣںһΪʦʦһǿߡ
ԣΣգҲк֮ܶͣΪԼȡһ


530 ľɽ
ţȡܾʸ񣬾ȡ洫ǰ塣
ѶȺܸߣԿɲ˻ǰװ״
󣬳ȥ洫Ժ
Լһʱصס
ȥ洫Ժջ٣Ԫͽ껵һǧ𵤣洫һ顣
Ԫͽ껵ʮ󣬼ֵʮ𵤣ʯĻҲҪǧƷʯ
ǽ껵ܹõʦͻһ׵ҩû˿ԥ̷£˲ͻƵ׵ʦʵ˿̻ܵ˫¾͸ˡ
󳽻ԿʼϢΪǰľɽ˷׼
˷˻֮󣬳ԵĿǳȥȡܹͻƵʦ߽ףİ˽ףΪμ洫ĵӣ׵ʦϼҪǰһ٣Ҫ߽׵ʦΪǰʮĻҪ˽׵ʦˡ
һ죬洫ǰʮӣǾŽ׵ʦʵǿ
ԣԱŬǿʵſ޸ûпܣΨܷȡԵΪ
ڶ죬䳡
ʮصĵгţǰС
Ϸָϡ
һۣͷóһᣬ˴ǵŵӵһӿڷ˻츣ӿ࣬εǰ˷˵Ŀĵǣľɽ
̾һǿˣвϷɣһ׵ʦжʮʦĽ׵ʦˣ׵ʦˣ׵ʦˣһ׵ʦˣʮҪľǣʮˣϷɵ׼ûҡ
影£״ʦƷʯһ٣н״ʦƷʯ٣߽״ʦƷʯ٣ڵʦ𣬳׵ʦƷʯһǧн׵ʦǧϷɣ˭ȡãһƷʯöͥԺһָǿף
ףж˸ȵĹâϾ׬ȡʯĻ̫ˣȻ½ͨûңҲȴûʯ󣬺οնɱϷɾȻܹöͥԺҪ֪ǿʮ洫Ӻͳϲеʸ񰡣ݺ͵λ
ܺã˴Ϻ϶˴죬λѾɽµȺˣɽȥɣָĵͷ˵
ǣ˵ͷȥ
ɽ£ϺѾڵȴӿб̤ѩһ߿յϣȻв಻ʮƥ̤ѩ
ҺֻǴȥľɽ˷֮ǲ֣һжֻܿԼϻһۣڳͣһ£΢΢һЦ˵ԼѡһƥȻ
Ե˵ͷæѡʺԼıҲ⡣
ܿ죬ʮ˸ѡһƥ̤ѩ
ϴһϲǰ棬Եʮ˽ں
Ŀ꣺ľɽ
֮󣬳ǰһͷɽɽдïܣ죬շ壬ͱڣɽкХܹ޺е
ľɽͣ£ңָǰɽ˵Ҫľǽ̾ˣһϢʱ䣬սɽ˷ˣ
ǣӦѡһյӪ
ԵʮˣΪ͵Ķﵽ˰˽״ʦߵĺȻǳϣѾͻƴ׵ʦϢ֮ǰӺƴԶԶ˳һۣϢ
½ǿߣǶԣԡص㡢ʩ˽ãȻڶѡĶ󣬶Ҳƾһǹõһ˵ӵΪףҪȡĽ
ҹ٣ɣֻǵļǡ
ϰżҹ
ȼգ׸ߵĻ棬ͬһ£
ҹʱ֣ƹڱ˻ɵҲ䵽˺棬һɹľɽӿһƬ䣬죬˶Ѿ˯ûһС
¸¸£
ľɽͬӤ˼㡣
ԽԽ󣬴֦ѣž
ҹӿ˼ۣٹעϵ·Ҫȡů
ﴫ֦ѵҹûлͷȥֻΪǴ紵֦
Сһ㣬ҪǡһӰǰһĿĺһӰϣǳ
İϴѾ˯ĸһˡ˺ٺЦ˸ѪһĹâ
СһΪá˵ȺӶǳϣ̫аˣҪǶ֣ӲôӦͺԶɡɺ
ٺ٣ϷɣΨһĻᣬΪֵܹסŵĽɱ𣿡ߣһȫֵЦ˵
ľɽײϷɣ⻰üͷһ壬һ˵Ӳܣγʵ̫ǿ̴ֵ뿪ľɽǺǳԵ
ȻԷѾ˵ˣֻһΪʦߣԷŵӣɱŵӣֱ·ԶɳļʵòϷûܾҲֻǴӦ̽һŵʵȻ
ģֻʮ½ӶѣʵǿȥҴӵĳǲֵġ˵˵ģֻҪɱǳԣӦģͻһһС
ãϷһҧͷͬ⡣
ˣûע⵽ְɣһЦϽԸסԱ
׼
ϷɴһУϰͽΧȥﶼǿ󣬲Ҵ˶ģǵʦһҪɥʧս
ţ
Ϸһȣϰֻʮ


531 񣬳ְ

ƷҹӻδܼȴﵽһʱڷӦѾˣĴ͸壬£ĲҽƺҹһѪҺ
˲䣬񱻴͸価ŵϣҽ
ҹϮ
ϺȷӦֵ߽׵ʦʵδǣѾ飬ʱĸ۵ӰӺڰ߽ͬ׵ʦ
ʲô
Ϻɫ䣬ȵʲôˣҶŵ֣
ߣѵֻǶľɽ֣ľɽͲܶǶ𣿡һ˵ɱ
ôܣľɽô߽׵ʦǿߣɫأˣһۣȻǲľɽķͽ˵ǵ׵ʲôˣ
ɱ˼ˣһͬʱΧϺϡ
ͬʱ»Ժʮ˶⵽Ϯڳǿڸо鲻Ծ˲䣬֪ͨˣ֮յĶ˶ӾûôˣһʮӼȥ롣

һǹâһڵֱֱӶ˵壬סǹһۣ򳽻ԣʵľɽˣ
ǣҲǡ侲ķľɽȻûôĵӡ
֣˼ڱ֧ǣɻʵ
šԵͷ
ͬʱҲɱ˳ֻ˳ԵһۣɱȺ
ԣǿߣ
ֻϺĴ߽׵ʦΧ£ڽڰˣϸ˺ۣѪ
ϣ
Եɫ䡣
߽׵ʦ󾪣Ľ׵ʦľ磬ɲ߽׵ʦĶ֡
ϡϳѪɱҪԮϡ
ٺ٣ߣ°ɣʱϷɱƽסϡ
СӾǳԣϷɣɱһָԣ˵
СǣɱСӣϴ͡Ϸ͵ضסԣ˵
Ľ׵ʦ׵ʦ򳽻ԼΧɱ
ԶɣǺԴɵˣĶźˣ˵
Сӣٷϻɣ
һ׵ʦͽӵɱ򳽻ԣҪ롣

һ齣ӳһ˽룬Ѫڵϡ
ʲôͽ󾪡
ɶμƭң㲻˵⳽ֻǾŽ״ʦô£Ϸɫ䣬ĿĶеһˣʵ׶̴ߡ
㲻ȥһ˺˵
סڣμǳ⣬ԲϷ˵ãҴӦ㣬ɱһǮò
ǣɱ
Ϸɼμͬ⣬𣬻ӵ򳽻ԡ
ɱ
Դ齣һ⣬ȥѾ϶ʮ֮˾ţǺԶɺͲϷɺɱԼȻˣҲûʲôˣҪԶɣɡ
ϵ˼ˣҲ׷ɱ

ԲˣƽԼϷЦһӵ
ӼˣҲɱˡ
ɱ¾
ϵʵڳԣͻĽ׵ʦ볽һսɱǰͽ֮󣬾ԮϺϡ

һ˼ˣһҪɱϡ
֡֡ʮ죬ȥԮϺϣסֻסǼɡһ˲Ϸɣ̶˵
ãûȻʵֻһ׵ʦ׵ʦǵʵþסһ߽׵ʦⲻ
ߣҾһΣһ˵ԣһҪһսɲҪˡ
ãҴӦ㡣Դȵ齣ƿնȥƵòϷˡ
μȻƭң⳽δҲ̫ˣֻ׵ʦʵȻһҪǿϷɲЩˣһԶŵԼı꣬˲ͱ̰ռˡ
ͬʱΧסһˣ֮£Ȼ·硣
ͳΧһˣҲֻм֮ûз֮нڽڰ˵ơ
ϺѹҪսʤ֣ҲǶʱ顣
ৣ
Լˣһȥ
ߣ
Ϸɼæ׷ȥ
񣬳ְɣ
ڵվע׷ĲϷɡ
ˣ
һֻһµķӳʶ߳ٶȼ죬ͬһ㣬˲ٽϷɡ
ʲôˣ
ϷɸоǰδеΣУ̺ǳ⣬û˿ԥ֮زز
ۣ
һһ£Ϸɱе屻룬ҽûü
ˡ֣˵
ҡͷһΣһӰȥ
ֱǿˡԵ
Ƿӡʵ˥Ҳȥϻ˵ҲҪץʱ䣬ȡ֮ǰͻư˽׵ʦŽ׵ʦ˷ܽ洫ǰ壬ܾ
˶٣ϻü˵ߣȻ츳ҲҪûлԵĻһĳɾҲ޵ġ
šԵͷ
ˣʱˣһ֮£볽ʶ
Լˣ߳֡
ԣû°ɣ˿ԣӭʵϷأ
ѾɱˡԵ
ã쵰ϮЦ
ϷɾȻɱˣһԾΪԼΪܹ볽һսû뵽Ȼڣ٣ûаɱϷɣҲһĨ𾪣漴ߵһȥˡ


532 VS
ô£Կŵʬ壬ȻѾ֪ǷΪǹһɻʵ
ղһͻȻ֣ɱˡϺǰɻĿųԣȻμ˽սȴǿԽֲã˾ͳ֣δҲ̫ɺ˰ɣ뵽ԺͲϷɶӦûʱ֣ǰΪλͻȻ
ʲôʲôˣһ𾪵ʵ
֪ɱμ˾뿪ˡϺϼԾȻǻҪ𾪣ɻɢȥϾǰ˿ǾŽ׵ʦĴڣǳԡ
λϣμǺԶɵˣʵ
μǺԶϣҲǳϣֻû뵽ԶɥĲ񣬾ȻҶŶֱ֣ǻòˡƢ𱬣ŭ⣬ںҵƽ̣̤ƽԶɡ
ϵͷ˽Ϊź۸
˵ţԳԵ˵ϷȻȥϢɣһڡ
ԣԼ˵ͷȥϢ
֪½ӿʧأʮӣֻʣʮˣģ׺ԶȻڽӡ
Դˣֵüų֣ҲͲˡ
峿Եظϡ
һصţϺϾóԵ˻ȥϢϢ졣
ŭگӿҪԶɣʱӿ𶯡
գƣԼʮɽԶɶȥ벻ǣƸϵԶʱԶѾȥ¥գ·ʧһ㣬޷ҵƴŭһƽԶΪƽء
ԶȻʧһȴɡ֪ŵʵ
ͬʱšӥš½ӱԣŻʤϢǬԪһʱ䣬ŷͷһʱӵţٲȻгΪǬԪһŵͷӥźҪֹȴ޿κΡ
ľɽ˷ˣȻʧأκҲɣնɱϷɣöԺΪٵʯ
𡢿ϡʮۼԺ򳽻Եģ洫
ûܶʱԼҲ⡣
ʱ֣ȥ
ڶ죬뿪ţǰδ֪ĵطڴǵٴ
º󣬳Ҳ뿪š
ǰ˳һƣֻҪǬԪʦϵƣΣգԿóЩ˻ֱ档
ûоܾսС
ãһﹺһЩˮٴγ
򲻾ãͣ½Ų
ǰһӰȻǳϡ
ҵܾˡϻתƽĿųԣĶһ˫ֱһѪֻѪ볽֮ǰǱѪϸ΢ĲͬȻѪɫԵĸоԱ֮ǰǿ٣ɣѪǳϴӲرڵõģƷн
սɣûоܾ֪һսɱ⡣
óȫʵΪҲ顣齥䣬Ӳ˵㽫ûлν˵գ˫ֶȻһӣѪ׷ɳȥԶ価ϣѪɫʲԶ棬ڳȵ£һ޵Ѫ졣
ৣ
ԣûбһ֣ǾУ䣬˲Ϣ˳ǰѪ϶£ѪҫÿһƬѪ졢䡣
ϣ
齣Ϭ֮ڳУǰѪ棬Ƭ⡣
Ȼʵܰճȡ϶ųԣ䣬ȴǳһҪ֪Ѿͻ׵ʦԳԣȻһֿ͸ĸоղһ֣͸оһսҲԼиӲҡ
Գϣɫأ˵ɵǲܵģϾϵʵ׵ʦԼ߳ףȻ˵˫ϣΪͻƣʵﵽһĲΣ޷Ϥ
Բ£Ʒн׷ףˣٵоŽ׵ʦʵ˾ƷнѧʵҲ뿴Լʵʲôز
һܺõԵʯ
ͣ
ѪڳǰֳһбɫĽۣܵĿһ˿
ǣ
齣ǰһԲһһһ㣬ȽȽ𣬾޴֮ɢķֱ𣬱ճգܿռ¶ֱһٶȡ
ۣ
ʯֱڽ
ɱ¾
˫Ŀ죬ļӳ£һѪӰѪ˲ǣ¡һѪɫ飬һ㣬򳽻Է޴ɱܡ
𣡡
ԴȣСͬһ޴ĳ죬޾Ѫɫѹȥ
飡
޾ɱĻѹȥ
ǣ
ɫ䣬˫Ѫʵɳջ£Ʋɵ룬ʱƬɢȥȴǴӻг޷ٶȱƽԡ

齣˫ǣھӿ㼯˫֮䣬ϣҵ⻪϶£ǰռһΪʿֳ˳ϵӰ
һ壬Ѫŭնһα˳ȥ
ڳһ£ܵΣ
¡
һը󣬳ϱɣǰĽźۡ
̧ͷ򳽻ԣһƬ𾪣ͻ׵ʦĻͰһˡ
Կ˫ƣҡҡͷһأǰΪСɣмشɣԲʱ䣬ֻСɰˣԶԳвԲЩʧ

ȴһŭһţ޾ɱ¾ۣѪУƴѪͷۣγһһɷԲѪƣ˵ɱ¾ѪѪڣʱ޴Ľ


533 
꣡꣡꣡
Ͻ£ԼΪģӳѷ죬ɱ¾Ѫ˸һּٶȣųԳȥ
أ
ɱ¾ѷԣȻըȴǺ
ʲô
ɫһ䣬ĵΪɱ¾ĿƵĶųԣеɱ¾Ȼɱ¾ȡԲǧϾڳϣ۳ɱ¾
¡
ɱ¾һ֣رһɱ¾ۣͷϷγһƬѪƣͬһѪһ㡣
𣡡
ʵǿɱ¾Ҳǿ࣬Ұް˻ųϵƶɱ¾ıƽԣԶԶȥͬһѪ򳽻ԾԼгɵɱ¾Դܳԡ
оȣûϵϵɱ¾ʵǿô࣬ϵʵǿԼʵֺγûǿ
Ԫ
ȣԪһʱγһεųֶȥͬɽһѹϣӶʱͣס˫ݽأɱ¾ҲͣסΡ
𣡡ɱ¾˻ͬһҪ򳽻ԣԪǿںһ𣬼߽׵ʦڶʱҲ޿κΣο׵ʦ
֮
ᣬʩչ˾֮ϣʱռǼХ¡
ۣɫ䣬ɫҰܣһѪ߷һ㵹˳ȥ
֮ǰѾû˳ԵӰĿһԣһҪ㣡
¶ûˡһĵ·ϣԲڣųϵ˻ɫƽ˵գԻޣܣԶȥ
԰һ
ķΧȻǬԪϾ׾洫߳ǬԪ¸ϲ
һУ⿤
⿤ǬԪ֮һģӿСһЩϾǬԪ⿤ǿƣҲ޷⡣
һҿջһ¡
ʱѾʱջԷкܶ࣬ߣ츳꣬ʮ˾ӣһ׵ʦ츳Ȼ֮񳽻츳Щ࣬κɣص
ڵ˫콾պ档
ֿջãϳǵݡ
û뵽ҲȻɽĹسֵϢ˲ǿߡ
ǰ˵ҵֶˣοֿˡ
Ƽǲ֪ҵţǬԪһųܷһϸ£
һЩ۷׷ס
ߣԣСˣһ־ȣ
ʱ洫һм
ʲôˣҳԲмַ½ӱԣӥźǰѹۼԴǬԪ󾢵һ֮Ľ˫Գ⣬˳ԲѷȻŭ⡣
ҵҪ˭ǬԪƣ˵֪ĹسǬԪŵǰɵҲ⿤νǷƼ
ӥšڡ½ӱԣǬԪһŵӿνʵ˸档
ɵӱ֮˸ҿڳԣȻǬԪɵӣпڹ
̤̤̤
һŲµ߽ջһɫעĿǣ˱϶һ޽Ѱϣž޴ĽʣĽ֡
Ǿ޽ڵӣüͷһ壬ʵ
޽Ȼͷ
һԵĳԣһۣ˽ⲻ࣬ǬԪΧļڹ֪һЩоʯҹҰԾ޽ںΪ𣬶ǰȻǳʯҹ޽ڡ
˶Ƕ׵ʦնǿһЩ
ով˵ǿڳԣһ俴նˣ˵ҲʲôˣӥŵӵܣҲҪΪ˸ۡ
㡭մŭȴϣһƽķ˳ȥ
աɫһ䣬ŭ⽻ӣȴˣסûʵͲҪ˵˵գһƽˣѪ
ֻǸǶһѵ´ΣͲôˡһЦ˵
ڳ߼ˣһû뵽޽߳ӣͽӥ˫ܣʵ̫ˣԲ飬ǬԪֻݵһͨҰˣɵʵֻĩ
ʯҹɣͬһߵŵӣǬԪҲǴ磬һȻˡ
Ĵܱͷջ߲Ҷԡ
޽ˣӿˣն˵겻м˵ʲôӥ˫ҿˣ˵ʲôǬԪһųԹҲǿȥһƾͿԽķɡ
ǺǣʦܲҪ̫߹ǬԪˣϾһӥźڶҲҺҾ޽棬οǳŵĳԣ국˵֮У˶ǬԪɵĲмϾʵ
ʦԼǣлǳԣǵúúýѵһɡЦ
ԣŭԡ
ߣڴˣǺθҳԣĨȥǵѪŭꡣ
Ƕ˲ǽ˫°̸ܽܳԣֱ󡣡ŭ
Ҿͳȫǡ껺˫Ŀɨնˣһһȥ
ৣ
ʱһòͨƲվǰ˵λǷ̫ˣǳԡ


534 
ǳպԣ𾪣ϲ˵
ǳһƽն˵
ԭǳ֡ն̷ӦԲ뱩©ݣҲ˵
ҹǳǳԣҶҪŽųȥɫһû뵽ǰ֮˾Լֱǲ֪ûκεأһ£絶ɽӣҪһƴˡ
Сģ˾漴뵽ǰĳǳԺ󣬷ˡ
˺ݶҲѵһĿһһӣէ֣һ˺˳ȥǰһѪۣҽһѹķѡ
ʦܣɫһ䣬ĿɭĶųԣ˺ݶ㲻ãգһ̤һӣһλεľ޽У޴ĵͬһ㣬һն£ݺᣬ飬η۴⡣
꣡
ɫ䣬һֱָӽء
ߣɫ䣬֪Լߵˣת꣬ջȥ
𣿡һ˫ǣ纣Хֱѹˣͨһǹ˵ϣ˫ϥѪʹĶ۴УǣʦǲŹġ
ڣ
û˵֣Ȼ֪ɫһ䣬һ˵ڣǸ޽ʮ겻ŵӣǾ޽½ӵһ߽׵ʦΪŽ׵ʦܹڣ
Ҳ⿤ˣ
̫ˣսԵİɣ
߽׵ʦǳԲ׵ʦ²ڵĶְ
˼˺£϶¶˵֮ɫؽҧԳЦʶľ̷ǣʦһ˭ֻ·һ
ǣǸҪÿһư
𣿡Ц
ͨɫһ䣬پɽѹһٴι˵ϣʹֱڵԭǰʼնûнʦַѵ̧ͷ򳽻ԣһʵ㵽˭
ûʸ񡣡ԵȻ˵һӣ˶ʱͬ⵽˱ϯһ㣬ɳȥˤ˽ֵϡ
֣֪˱ˣһ㻹߰ɡǰ˵
ȻԵʵǿɲΪԺ߽׵ʦڿ⣬Ͼ˵òʹڹΪһţ֮ĲǾ޴ģ׺߽֮Ĳ࣬ͬһ蹵Խ
ǷģˣԱʵһеġЦ
𣿡ʱһֻһĿ࣬ͷïܵ˳˱ıϣͬһ޽ϸһȻ֮󣬸
һ߽ջĿĶųԣ˵⻰ǳˣ
ԭǳԣ󣬺ȻˣһĿųԣڵĻ¶Ȼ֮ɫѹԼϡ
ڣ˫΢Уʵ
Ȼĵͷ˵ҵ뿴кʸԱɣ
˺󣡡Զն˵
Сġն˵ͷ˳ȥ
޽ڵġ޽ҲţվͿǷдеôɫƽڵĿһ𣬡ϣʧ
ߣȻ
һƺȻ£һǿ˳ϡ
飡
ɽѹһ㣬ֻͣ޷ӳһ𣬾һѪ

ĿҪ
סҪʵǿˡ
˵ɱ˸ɱԡ
ʦ֣Ĺǰ˶ȥˡ
ͻȻ洫һ
ʲôǰɫһ䣬Ŀ˳һۣˣ´α㡣˵գ߳ջȻҾæȥ
ڣɫ԰ף̷µҩ𺧣߽׵ʦȻǿԼһ㷴ûУвʣҪǿ
֣û°ɣնǰʵ
û¡ҡҡͷ
֣ҲΪĹضİɡռûлش𣬱ΪĬϣ˵Ĺǰ֪ǷԸʦֵһͬǰʵǿĻǱȻ˼Σգܹջ
ãԵͷͬ⣬ն뿪ջԼٶɽȥΪ˻ȡԵĹؿһ컯ƽ״ʵڿϧԳԾնһȥĹء
ɽ
¡
һضɽҡɽ壬һ޴Ŀ֣ףɭɭͬһ㡣
죬Ĺؿˡ
ڿֵ˲䣬ʮӰ򶥷

һ߳ǰ˭֪һӰϣһ룬ƽĹڡ
ৣ
˳ĹڣӿûмŽȥ
ͦΣһ£ɢ⣬г߽׵ʦʵ¶ɡ
˫ķû뵽Ҳˡ
˫ķʯҹڣΧŵӼˣǲ֪ǬԪĵһųԵûУ
ڶ߽׵ʦԼ㵽ˣҲǶ˵Ķְ
ǰȻӵеһŵţʵȴԶ
ǬԪɵҲ˺ܶ࣬ǳһǲǰ


535 Ƽ
ߣһĿɨˣ䣬ʲôһŵӣҷһɱ֮
ȻŭȴԶԣʵˣԺͷĲʵ̫ˡ
Ҹ޵ˣӹһȥ
ͻȻһԵ˽ɫһ䣬Ҳһ
¡
𶯣ֻһߴӰ˶ϣһƤڣ֫׳꣬Ȼֻʮ˾꣬ƺƴ˾ӣ׷ױ֮
Ǹɽĸ޵УҲˡ
޵Уɽһ֣û뵽ҲˣĹ̫ע⡣
Щǿûлˡ
ڰǿĽһ۷׷ס
ߣͷ¶β֮Ҹ޵пǡ޵Ŀ¶عǣĿɨӣ·Ѿ֪˲ˣΪȻǳƣû˳ֻաЦּˣҿҪúõĴһ
ߣѵһ㲻ɣ˵ҶΪĹضαڴ˴󶯸ɸ꣬˱ˣҺֶȡĹصıΣ˶٣˵ҵʵڳˣûܹκǵġ
ãҴӦ㣡޵п³çʵϸһڴӦ
ͬʱ½½߳ڷ嶥ϰˡ
ߣǲ
һ߳һܹЮ쫷磬Ĺؿ
һЦȻûֹ
޵йЦԶÿ
Ĺصıˡ߱ƽĹڣЦһ˽ȥ
һȥûΣգ˺
ͻȻһҽĹڴ͸顣
ʲô
˴󾪣ͣŷ͸޵ж˲֪ǽˡ
֪Ĺôýһ𣿡ɨˣЦ˵
ԣ˾һ䡣
ĹأǿʦĹء
νĹأˣʦеߡ
ߴﵽʦΣֱΪʦߣʵʦʦ֮䣬ȻҲǾŽ۷ʦǵʵȴԶԶ˾Ž۷ʦκһʦʵȺ
ǵʵܹĨɱŽ۷ʦͨĴڣʶΪʦ
ǰĹأһʦ
ʹѾȥ֪£Ĺôýģ
κһߣϣ󻹱˴ţοʦ
֪ȻΣء
޵УĹΣķƾһ˵ԹķΣʱڴ켸϶壬ŷˣ̬˵
޽ڣ˭˫΢УҲֻо޽ڵӲŻᱳһ޽׾͵ڵݣȴûмڡ
ڡڵ
ڣ͸޵ԣоһ˿âͷ˵ãҴӦ¡
Ҳû޵е
λǿ뿪ˡĿɨˣȻͱһĹطĹص£ȲĹߣǺԣ³ֻһ
ʲô
ڳˣвٴĴ㣬û뵽Ȼһɫһ䡣
ٺ٣ãȻˣǱһѡ
һЦֻʮ˴ɽ˳ǵòһǴʦϼĸ֣Ϊٵĵʦǿߣǰ˸߽׵ʦ𣬵Ϣڷеκһˡ
ʲôˣ޵ȵƿҸ޵пɲϲͷ¶β˺
ٺ٣ҵΪԵʣòѼ¡ٺ˵
֣Ȼˣ˰ɡһۣЦǺǵ˵λ룬ĹصĻʶȻϲ٣ϣǺ졣
˵˵Ц
޵һٶԡ
λȥǲ˵
ãԸǺ
Ҳǡ
Ҳǡ
һڳϵ˶׺һĹصķвʦ֣ˣڷı£ֻɽ
ãλǽĹذɣһۣ˸â
֪˲ٸ֣Ҳûа취ƼˣԴҶãֻú͸޵С˺߽۷ʦʵǾŽ۷ʦ֣û˵Ķ֡
⣬ҲӦһںֵԭ
Ҫǣɲţ˻ðͬʱﶫΣգ֡
СģΣգһ֣˲ȡһˮıƷͽ˫˴˽ʵǿһΣϢƴࡣ
Сˡڴһץӿһ޽УƷͽ޼᲻ݣܺƣͬһħ񣬹ϢֱԺͰ˽׵ʦȼ硣
ߣ޵бһ˫һӣıһ޳ߣƷͽһɳƿǧУͬһһ㣬ܵǹǿϢ޲ɫ䣬ɵѡ
ֺôڰ겻šЦǺǵ˵˵䣬Ŀɨˣ˸
޵ԣٺһЦҲɨˡ
ˣ˲òȡԵıɢǿϢ
ǵѧ죬ñӭǱĿ⣬첻˵
ãϣ²Ҫʲô˲˵ʵǿͺǰΪҿɣ


536 ḻջ
޵кڣԼס߽׵ʦˣһ½
ãٺһЦ߳
ͷ͸޵СڣԼ⼸߽׵ʦ˼м䣬һ𿿽ĹڣԭΪ˻춯û뵽˷߽Ĺڡ
ˣͺһߣ
˵գԷˡ߽׵ʦŸ֣ԼΪǰ棬Ĺڣ˽ں档
ǿ
һĹڣ˾͸оһɹǿǿ
ҲҴ⣬
ڷ˽ĹزãԺڸе˶壬ſյɽԼһ׵Ŀ˵Ѿһȥˡ
Ҳȥɡ
šԵͷ˫΢УһĨ⣬еħϢѵаħһĹأ漴ҡҡͷˣȽȥ˵ϾĹأҲ
֣ôˣע⵽˳Եɻʵ
û£ǽȥɡҡͷ˵
ԣҲٶʣϾǶ˺ͳԲʶһѣϵ죬ܹӦһĹضѾеˣΪһЩɻ𳽻ԵĲ죬
һĹء
ĹڣһƬڣԷ˵ʶԲǧڵһжޱȣСǰߣΪĲҽʵģ浽״ʲôһжδ֪
ݣ
ͻȻǰ˾ҵƷ
Сģ
ͺһʩչз޵кҲʩչѧûóԼʵмˣжһ˿âΧ꣬·һ㣬ֻǷ
ǶҸСġ
ܿ죬һƬڹٽٶȼ죬̷īɫļʸޱȣлϢѹȽĽ׵ʦɱ
ͬʱ˷ˣһЦ
䣡
˭֪ͻȻ̤һ¶˫֣͵ǰһƣһɺƴĺӿͬˮһ㣬û޾ʸ֮첻ͣ˲
λֶΡЦ
ֻǵһˣҲģ滹ҪСġɳƣ·һλˡ
ͷٶԡ
ǰһǧ׾룬ûκΣգ˶ûзɾ裬۲ǰ

ͻȻһϯ񾭶˼㣬ǰȻһֻһյյ࣬һͨźɫʯ̾ͶɣʣԵʮֹ죬ƽ
ͨ࣬ÿ׶һŻһӰڻ谵»ζ·һ㡣
ߣ
˲С
һȺˣΪĹ޵кһһǿȻûн˵ƣҲһǵڵķЩʵСŵӣǽܵһ𣬱Ͼķ
һţ
һߵͨһ룬ǰķͻȻָǰ˵ǵĹҲĹĵط
ߣ
Ÿո˵ߵǰ
Ȼˣ춯ˣи

ʱȻһҽֻһ˴ǰŻ߳¾ˡ
ʬܣ
Сģʬܡ
ĹȻҲһĺˣȻЩɱƳʬܣΪꡣ˵ӽʬϣһ죬Ȼֻʬһۣɫдȣӿһץʬܱ룬һƺ̡
޵кͷǰʬܣһϵֵ
˻ǣǵʬܣɱ
༸ϣʬ޷
ЩʬܶԵʦߵʬƶɣʵҲǵʦԷֵܹȴûôˣ׷ײʬ¡
ߣ
һۣʯȥ
Ҳߡ
ŵͷˣʯųȥ
һ𣬷³ʬܵİΧҲʯš

һƬҽһЩΧǾЩʵˡ
ͬʱԺաʦֵܽĹأͨϣնʱʬܣ
𣡡
ʬܿˣ˹Ҫɱǡ
󡣡԰γ齣ųʬܣһƽವһʬȺУʱݺᣬɨķ֮ڶպ˽ں󣬵ֵԻ˵ʬܡ
Ԫ
ֻƣһģǿĽʬϣٶ轵Ժն˳ôʱ̱ƽʯţ˵Ҳ֣һʯţʣµʬܾͲ׷ľͨжͬʬһ㡣
ʯڣͣס˽Ų
ΪǰȻһģһͨûκβ졣
мͨڵϢΪƴҲΣյģȥʦ棬ߵͨϢΣӦҪСһЩԴһۣն˵
ʦֵʵޣͲȥмˡպһۣ˵
Ҳã˵ʵֻҪһĸ֣Ӧûʲô󰭣һСġԵͷ˵
ãն˽ͨ


537 Զ
ԣͨͨȥߵͨȻٽϹĵطϻͻȻ˵
Ŷ㷢ʲô
ֻһЩ̶ѣҲõϻ˵
ãԵͷն෴֪ͨԼ츳ǿ޷Լóȣϻôڳ󷨣ֻ̾ͲһˣѾú󷨣ֻ󷨵Ĳ÷Ϳʹ̣ˡ
̣󷨿ɼ򵥶ˡ
ͨڣƻ谵߻ްɭ
ϻ˵
ǰʯҡ
һһʯңֻյģֻʯиԲַ̣ͷ
Ƿ̣СԴϲ
̺һΪ͹̲࣬Է֣ס֣һʮʵõ̡
ƷϽ̣ȫʩչסʦһյʱ䡣ϻЦ
̫ˡз⣬̽ս˵ȥʯҿ
󣬳⼸ʯҡ
ң
ң
رң
Ŀһɨϲû뵽ԼȻ˱أûκԥԽرңʧһʦȻҲǿһԣһ¯
ƷϽ¯ԼòţȥҲüǮϻЦǺǵ˵
ԣ̽¯ս
¯ΪƷƷƷƷÿһƷַΪףϵ¯ƷϽ¯
֪õ¯ϵģҲֻƷͽƷѣƣ˲ٶϣһ֣ԳԿƷϽ׵¯ж
ң
ҵջ񣬳̽ҡ
ȻҲһ¯Ʒнס
͸̶ϲġ¯Ժﲻǿɰģ˵Ҳ֪ôˣˣ洫֮ǰȥһˡ˵Ϊһ֮Ҳ㹻ˡ
źԶԶݣʧ٣չ˵ǣҲûˡ
ҲǳԷ뿪ӿԭ
ûУ
ɨңкܶʢҩƿӣæ鿴ȴʧķ֣һҩûС
Ԫ
˾ϲǣһƿӣȴеһץУһ澹Ȼһҩһܹн׵ʦͻһ׵Ԫ
ߴ󾳽磬ÿһΪŽףǰΪףΪнףΪ߽ס
Ԫн׵ʦĵҩ
ͻһף컯칦ǵ˵ʦҪͻһ׵ѶȣǰͻһҪҲʦϡٵԭ
ͻƣ
Ŀһ͵ϥ£̷Ԫ
ֻ׵ʦڵĻĶ֣ԳԲŹǿʵĻᣬֻһ˿
Ԫĵڳת֫ٺڵ
ˣ
һͣһɰӳӿ
Ľ׵ʦ
˫ۣ¶ϲɫڽн׵ʦˣ˵ʱ˿̵ʵΨи߽׵ʦſԶ˺仰˵ȻĽ׵ʦɲڵĶ֣֮ǰûеֵ֮ˡ
ˣ
ͻȻһŲ
ԣ
ֻ˽ҵĳԣһ
ʶңȻ弸˵ӣ֪ǰ˿϶ʶԼ򲻻ʧ̬۲죬ɫ΢䣬齣УʵʲôˣϾȻаħϢ
ɱ
һۣһ𣬻ӵɱ򳽻ԣȻֻһ׵ʦΪһȻӳ׵ʦʵ˾ȣ֮ǰˣҪһֽţͻĽ׵ʦ׶ˡ
ۣ
һĽ޼᲻ݣֱӽɱһˡ
Ҫɱҡ
ģڳǰ
ұҡ
ģһƮںԺ𣬺޲ͻȻ˫۵ɳѪ˵ϡ
ʲôԳһƿ֣ʧԶɣħ壿
˸ҰĹâôҲ벻ϵļ˾ȻԶݵĺԶɵӣȻħūۣתΪ밵ħĴڡ
ԶɡڣãħҪˡɫ΢䣬ΪĵҪˣǰİħҪˣںͺԶɾƿص⻹ֻһӿôǬԪڣûбħƿصɣ
ȻЩɶֻǶһȴܹǬԪ޴Σ
ǬԪҲˡ
һ޴ѣڱƽݣ
ûа취̫ˣ޷ֹһС
Ϊ֮ƣܹģǿʵԼãš
ãٴһӰ⼸ȻֻǺԶɼӢӣܹôһֻǼҲ˵ĹػдĺԶɵӣҪǣǵĿģȻĹڵı
뵽㣬ɫһ˵ԲǵõĹرءһʦ֮ǷģħõȻʵԶ˵һϢ
뿪ңȥ
ͨĹĵ·
һ·߹;Ȼɱ˶ᱦˣɱ
ͨĹĵסȥ·
󡣡üë壬һʣ˵ϻãˡ
áϻõͷֱӻûΪһˣ߽Ϲ飬֪󣬻󷨣Ƴ˿ȴüͷ˵Щ鷳۷ǿ󣬽ƾҵѹ
Ե
ãϻõͷͬ⣬ָλһ۵ĵط˵һƿƱըʹˡ
ף


538 ߵĽ־
Եͷһаϻ˵ȫע˫ս齣

貽ʵƴĽ۽⣬ҫ֮УءһִĽۣı¶һնĿռ
û˿ԥԴԽն
һ̣һڣһţ洫
밵ħ壡֣Ѿħħ飬ɱǡһ䣬ȴϤ𣬴ߡ
ãţһֿ񣬵ȴۻ
ڵһ˭ģĿ˸ڸϢʯȥ
޴ʯڣ
֣͸ֶסǣȥȡ֮ƽ֡ڻЮϢƴ˫ͬɽһľ޽һ룬ƽ餣ڹϷһʽͨȴɢϢȻһ񽣡
ãһɱһˣ͸޵лһ
סǲͨƷǰ벽ʹùĽ̺а벽־ǵõŭ
Χڡ
ʯҷǳĴǧɣбڹ񣬵һȻ˺ڵϴһˡ
⣬ŵӣǶΧס޷ƽ餡
ħİħ壬ǡ
ɱǣƽֱ
ԣ˲Ҫ
겻˵õҲڵõⲻУøĺΧڡ
Ƿˣ
ŭĪΪǻŹ𣿡Χһ޷ٱƽһ
ɱЦ
ٲɾҪˡŭȵ
ǲԣ֮ƽ֡һŽе
ãĿֻͬ⣬Ѿ㣬ɱǰĺ˾ɱЩˣ͹˼ģһ˵˱뷢ħԣ̸
ʲô
˶ɫ䣬û뵽Լ˾ȻôֵΡ
ãһҧħԡ
޵кҲֻ÷ħԣȴǺ޲ýɱ
ɱ
ˣŷĵĵͷʩչȫɱ¾ˣ˲䣬ȥ룬һ̣˲ɫ䣺ʲôˣ
ݣ
ֻһٹâײǼˣ餵ļ˻һѪ

ǹâƽ֮һʡ
ʣ
ǹâڽ֮һƣ˲תʯųȥ
ס
ˣǺ죬Ǽ궼ŭ˼㣬޲ɱͻȻֵˡ
񣡡
ʯ⣬йעŽʯҵķٿȻǰ
ӣ
볽ʶ֮ڳϡ
ԣ
ڳʯţŽ֮ʱɱ
㣿Сӣ·㲻ߣ㴳
췢־ǳԣ¶˿µɱɱ
񽣣
Ҳһɱ⣬ֻĽ׵ʦ󣬸Ϻɱ
˿̵ĳԣͬͱһ⵽Ͻɱ
ৣ
ûκεĵ飬ڽ֮սɲǣԾӳʯңĹȥ
֮УԺľߣʵǿ˽׵ʦһȣƽԡ
ȫĵ糱ˮȥͨھ𣬷·Ҫˣ޹ֺŭôʱ䣬ǧ㣬û㵽ԾȻ뵽ΪԣԶԶݣʵɱ죬ɶֹ
ͬʱҲ²⵽ݣǺԶƽ̡
飡
Զƽ˫ģƷңҪɱ
ųǱӵӰŭ𣺡СӲˣɣ
ɶ֪ˣҾȽɱˡ˫ĿѪ죬ŭ˼㣬û뵽ԻͻȻһԼŬһиֱ֮޿ˡо޽裬ͬһųȥҪĩ
޵кͷҲŭȻĹص˲ٺôͽһĽ־ȣֱʲôǡ
ߵĽ־
ֱ޼ۣ
ǶǽޣܹõеĽ־Ļǰ;Ϊһǿߡ

ǿվ½۷Ĵڣ˾붼˷ܣ񶼱ƻˣҪɱԣǬԪĵһΣ
ǣ
ţںнǰʲôǡ
˵ǬԪ۷֮һںнھǶ۷֮һ֮䣬ȫûпɱԡ
ȻŻع鱾ڵĻǾˡ
һжֻһ裬ûǲҪ˼ɳԵݣҪɱԶƽ̾͸ɵˣѾħħΪ밵ħ˵ĴڣѾˣǽ㸲ݣһԣϡ
ɱɱɱ
ħ屻Ѫһ壬ȻԶֻǰ밵ħ壬ȻմȾϰħϰԣɱ¾ǣֻɱ¾ᵽǿ
ɱ
Ȼڵ֪ǰ밵ħˣΪ˹ͬĵˣԣȴܲô࣬ɱ˳ԣȡ֮Ҫġ
¡¡
˭Ҳ֪ĹشڶˣǳܲסԶƽ̺ڵ˵ĻԹҡΣƬƬ̮ͨ
ݣ
٣ͷ亹ðȻ侲ٶȳͨںǺԶƽ̣Լƽ̺ˣǼ꣬ˣԶɵӶĹѨ


539 ·

ǿϢͬʱֳԣסȥ·
𣡡Զƽ̷Ұһ˻¶Ѫ˫Ŀ˫һӣʮڹͬʸһ򳽻ԣ˿ŭ˼㣬ΪԣԶɲòԶݣΪԶɼֻʣͼˣ˵ޣԳԵĺġ
Ҳ򳽻ԣſ˫ۣЮħͬڰµħһ㡣
죡
ŭӳԣͬ˫ž޽죬Ʒнףƴһݺ£ض·ֳ롣
磡
ͬʱֽ򳽻ԣܹЮ磬һ裬趯н磬Ʒͽףٶȼһʩչͬһ죬޷׽˽ей켣ֲǿȡһаܵеЧ
һ
۰ԶݣΪһĳ޵Ϊ½еٮٮߣȻͬˣȰûбȭͷõıȭһƷнѧƾһУͬߣ˵һȭԡ
궼ʩչɱУҪɱԡ
ϱ
ĸ򣬶ۿӡ
䣡
˵δٽǿµĽĽСԵȭѪİħѧѾӵȫֳԡ
ǣ

Ԫ
һ֮䣬ˮʩչУ˶ľѧ޷طǿµѹ£һѪͬ⵽ʯһֱӵ˳ȥ
ۣһѪϢ˥˼㡣
ˣǳȥǰ㡣
ռڣ߽Ƕ޺ͳԴھϵ׷׸оˣ֪˾޴Σ׷󳽻Էǳȥ
УǲǵĶֻ֣·һһڷ
ˣҲҪΪս߽Ƕ׷˻ԭֻޣͨԣΪԾ֮󣬲ԣԭĲʣڵĸԸֱԸΪս
УŭҲΪ
ˣ߽Ƕ˴Ҫռ䣬ûгԵǳ岻ġ
ˣа취ˡϻ˵
˵ԼΪ˶ȡ֮˴һսˣһݣҲҪץס
𣿡ϻ˵
̣ôˣס̫ãҲûʱ̡ҡͷ˵
ˣ˵ֻһְˣƷнƷڵʵȻ޷ȫӳ̵סʮʱ仹ǿģϻϸ˵ȻýǶǽȫ׸㣬ʮʱǵںϣǰ֮һԽشסˣֻʮʱ䡣
ãϻãͿˡ۾һҧӦ̺ͽǶȾ޽ϸ˵ƻ̴ӦΪսԸ⣬οǹһ˵ʵڵʯ֮䣬Զƽ̺ڵ˸첻
ƻһһʮʱɣвԱǶȾҲɡ
Ψһķӣûѡء
󣬳ԼѵڵأʼںϽǶȾ޵
ڸʲôɣһԶɳϼ¹澹ȻƵ£ɻʵ
ҪܣɱԶƽ˵
֣סںͷһۣǰ߸˵˵գԼٶȱƽԣҪȡеĽ֮
ԣ޵̽סԶƽ̡

Զƽ̴ŭɱ޵С
סǣ
ˣɫһ䣬ػںͷˡ
ˣ̣
ͻȻϻͻȻûһߣ˳ԡ
û˿ɣ̽̽ϻãƷн̣óһסԶƽ̺ڵˣҲ֪һսĹؼڣϻǷܹȡʮʱ䣬ϾںϽǶȾ޵Ҫʱ䣬ʱ䲻ͽһ
ʲô
ڵ˿ͻȻֵϻãʱһ
Զ飿Զƽ̼ͻȻֵϻãһ˫Ʊ˸޵Уƽϻãг̰֪ϻþǸԶ飬ûţϾϢȥûкô
ˣץʱ䰡
ϻÿԼĺԶƽ̵һۣһ˫̣¡һ죬һ޴Ļɫֽڵȫסһܿǣ뵡
ʲô
Զƽ̵˴󺧣һ̫ͻȻǸ޷㿪ֻĿԼס
̣Ȼǵһβ죬Ӳ̵ֹԶƽ̲һ֮ܿͷ̵ȱݣϻö̵ƿȲ
ãһ֣
ڵԣͷͬ⣬ϾһһϵˣֻϹ̡
ͬʱøϻõ˲䣬ýǶȰ˴޽͸Լ
ˣ
ûκεԥǶ˴޽Լޱ͸ԡ
̣оԼʶ˸꣬˷ݼͬʱӿʶͬһ㣬һƬңԼ궼ܵ˼ѹ޷˼˵˹ںһ죬ԱѡΨһĻᡣ

˷ͳԼһ𣬾޴ʹҽֻоԴҪըһ㡣
ͣ
·ˣѪ
ҲܾȥһҪΪŸһҪȥżѩҿԳɹֻŤ֣ðѪһ£ž޴ʹ࣬˸Գܡ


540 ǿ֮
һ


ܻʹ࣬ĬĬܡ
飡
棬⵽ƻԵĹҡΣ·ʱпѡ
ˣ죡
ϻõʵϾ޵ģѲãûлָ۷״̬οΪ飬Ͳǿ޷ʱ֧š
Сһ׼ʲôɱУҪܳʱ䣬ԲŰסҲҪٱʵˣɱ׼ɣǿ¶ˡԶƽϳɾһƳԵ⣬ڵ˵
ã
ڵһۣͷӦǷóʮʮͲö֪ˡ
ʼ
Զƽһ˫趯ħӿγһ޴ħӰֳꪣ̹ȥ
޽
˺һ
ѹɽӣ
ڵ˼ˣҲٱóԼɱУͬʱ̡
䣡
ը˷γһƬֿ̹ʼһζҲڲֳ꣬һѷ졣
ҼӰѾٹһΣ̱ƣԶƽ̼˴ϲдȣӴ˹ȣҪ̹ơ
ڵҲһϲӴ
ϻõҡһƹһ㣬ʱпɢѻͷԻδںϳɹĳԣˣ죬ֻʱˣ
˸
Ÿ
ꡭ
һǼֲסˡ
ˡϻѾشƲ֪ʲôʱҲһǧ꣬Ҳһ꣬ҪǣҲҲܹԼںϵģ񳽻һڵˡ
ϻã壡ʱߺȻ˳Ϥ
ˣʣµľͽˡϻѾ̫һİ׹볽ʶ
ءϻȡ̵˲䣬µ̱ը
ԣڵŭɱ¶
ɱƽԣҪɱ
ɣͻȻ¶һĨЦݣ૵
ãˣԶƽ̿ųǵЦ⣬ûɵд˸ɫ䣬
ȻԤϴˣʩչԵĹҲԵֵ깧޴ɶ㡣
֮
ƽĿڵ˺;ʧĺԶƽ̣һƽ˵
ˡ
ڵ˺ͺԶƽ̴󺧣Ҫֵȴˣֻʶһͣ˲ǰģأԶɳϺͼӶĵڵϣҽûüۣ޵ĿĶųԣҪǰһѪ˵ϡ
Ҹƴˡ˻𣬽ŲĵĻӽɱ򳽻ԣò߳͵˵ϡ
飡һĲʣĶųԣֱڵϡ
ۣԶƽѪǰһƬѣΣҪʧȥֻҧ⣬Ȼȥ˾֮ĹȫðѪڽγѪӣ췢Хϵĺ˲顣
һߴ֫䣬Ƥڣͷɫǵİħģ˳ǰ
СһɣԶƽŭһݺݵײ򳽻ԣ֪ԼڵİħѪת˰ħ壬ҲζʧȥҪ֮ǰɱԡ
ħ壡
Դ˿˼㣬һ߶ɱ޷ȫתΪħĺԶƽ̡
飡
ͬСɽײһ㣬ֱӱײ˳ȥ£һƬԨйˮߣǷˮԲö֪ΪѾʧȥֻԶƽ̵Ҳ泽ԵԨ
¡¡
ĺڻϱڣͬһԶ

էˮ˵ֻӰˮ˾˳ǳ̲ϣһòͨ꣬һΣƤڣͷǵĹ
ܳʱȥѡ
̫߻ģҵҫƬأ̫ƣҲ֮ʱǳò꣬˶ָ̧ͷԶһΡľ޳ǣ˳С
һûǳԣѵĳ壬վĿһɨ䵽˺Զƽ̵ʬϣ˹ȥĿٿȻ䵽˺ָ䣬۾һ䣡û˿ԥ̽öȡ
䣡
ȴĿռ䱦ԴŴƷ絤ҩʯ϶ԷŽУҿռȴö࣬ԹƣдĴſռҪȴʮռ䣬аô
Ʒ䡣
ݴſռҲΪƷöӦƷ䣬Ȼ͵ȣȴȴ˲֪ٱ
䣬ݵҲʵһԣֻʦӵд䣬Ҵнʦϼߣû㹻ʵס䡣
ȻںԶƽΪӵде֣Ҳûôࡣ
޷ʹô䣬ΪкԶƽµľӡԱƳľӡſԴ򿪴䣬鿴浽жٶԼʹ
룬о˸һƬȹâȻԶӿֻһɣöϾǺԶƽ֮Ķ˵һ֮ôҲẮᵽȥ
գԽϣȻںԴƽʬһȷʵջ󣬳ԲŽʬûոɾ
У
ĿԶ۾һʮ֮һ޴ĳ
ꤣȱҸ˲ᣬȥС
ʮ·̣̫ԶȻԸˣ·Ҳʲôһʱ󣬳Գ˾֣߳Ƭ֣ͿԽˡ
ٺ٣û뵽ôˣз֡
ԶһƬïܵĴӰ˸һ˵磬Сһûˮ


541 
ûˮֻĽ׵ʦѣɱ˵ϴһɫ˵϶֣סֳ̫󶯾
ġ϶ͷȻһƣͬʱ򳽻Ǳȥ
Ҷϣһɣ·֪ɱ¾Ѿһ㣬ʵϣ߽ƬСֲãѾ⵽ˣֻûŰˣϾˣ˷Ȼˡ
֣
϶һԴһԾһն£ֱȡԲ
ৣ
һϸͬҶһ㣬ƿ˻˻׺ŽĽ⣬ͬһһ㣬ųҧȥ
ۣ
һĽֱӴ仮ۣѪӿϳʬ壬޵ѪҺڳԽʣĿڴϴ
϶ϴ˫Ѫ죬ӵԾݺݵ򳽻£ŭ𣬡СӣҪж˿飬Ϊ϶𣡡
ͣ齣ӳб貵ĽϴĲһֻ̣䣬ȵĸоʱоԼȻԿľɻô£
ۣ
δ䣬ϴԴͷʬѪ鴤µڵϡ
Դһץ˴ȡ£һ䣬ȥ
˭Ȼһɱħ
϶ֻ׵ʦСһɱҲͰˣϴ׵ʦһɱʲôʱҰǳô֣
СӿȥİӦǵһγڰǣħҲ֣ϧҴ˶ҿμӵʦ̨ġ
Զ߿һɱħһ²ݡ
ʱѾ˰¡
ǣ
ǰΰ׳۵ĳУʱоԼС
ڳϷǡϣԾȻоһɼǿĽϢȻǽǿԽ׭̵ġ
ʵϣ֪ǣǬԪɽʯҹУΪش紦ԳΪһ˹ϽĳУİ԰Ϥԭһʮֳʢ¡
ʦ̨
רΪʦ߾е̨κ˶Բμӣǵʦ磬һŲ
̨ˣǰǵĳ
˵ܶʦμ̨ǿӶ˲ΧߣҲǰǾò˥Ҫԭ
̨еģԲ˽⣬ȴԴ˲Ȥ
ͬʱԸе𾪣û뵽ԼӣȻһӴ⿤ǬԪ߽磬Ҫ֪⿤ҲҪʱ䡣
ǵһǣسǼʿһۣüʵ
ǡԵͷ
Ʒʯ顣ʿ˵
ð𵤿𣿡üǽǮ⣬ɵȴʯǳһϾʯļֵɱȰˣҶҲҪܶࡣ
ٷϻҰĹأƷʯ뿪ʿӲ˵
ðɣһεĴӴͳƷʯȻ߽˰ǡ
ƷʯȻ࣬ڳ˵ҲǺģҲڴĶ
ǲǳ֮һ˵ǳˮ˳Ϊ洦ɼʦǱȱȽǣʦüһУȻǬԪκһпԱġ
էһжԵúܽԼƽѰһͨĿջסȥǮȴǳϵĹ󣬽죬ҪһƷʯֱǮһ뵽ϰǰסס飬ҲĬˡ
Ŀջ۸˸ߣһЩĿջ۸֪ˡ
˰·ǰԷԸϰ߲Ҫ󣬽˷䡣
ӷռٻūΪԼ󣬳ó˴䣬˵ϣʧ˵꣬ģʼӡǣڳԶɲǣ϶ʱ¶𾪣ȶһϲ
ҵľ񾳽羹ȻﵽԲ˵زô£ɻ˵ܰҵľôչ֮죿Ҫ֪ǰãŲСɶѣھȻֱӶɹгɣﵽԲʵ̫ˡ
ˣⶼΪںϽǶǼԵʡʱʶϻõ
ϻãû°ɣԴϲû뵽ϻѾˣæʵ˼˵ҵľôԭΪʩչǿ澫֮
û¡ϻõͷ˵Ϊˣľﵽʵĸı䣬һͻ״Բ
ԵͷǴѲк󸣡
ԭԻƽⴢҪѲʱ䣬ľﵽ״Բƽӡֱ練ƣûʲôԾƳӡæ򿪴䣬̽䡣
ʯҩݣԿϲö˵ֱһ⡣
ڣԶƽϸµķֿ
ʯһ࣬Ʒʯ飬һһǧƷʯ
ʯΪƷһΪһһ٣Ҳ˵һƷʯһٿƷʯֵ
ƷʯǼģϡ٣ǿУߣֻƷʯ
˵мƷʯû˼
ҩһࣺƷҩֹ࣬ѪѪȵҩ
ԵģȻǽеƿƷͽ׵ҩ鵤Ѫҩʦõ
鵤һ˲ָʦĵڶԾãֵһ
Ѫȫ˳ԵƷͽ׵ҩ߳׼ȫѪڶʱڱ֮һʵɲҪС֮һʵǿʱã˵ת֡
ҪǣѪκεȼߣҲأ֮ڲöؽ϶


542 ջ
һ࣬ʮʺӣװŸָݣƵҩġ
ûѧ伮һࣿʶһɨȴִûѧһ࣬ЩʧϾյѧǺܶ࣬ʧʱͻȻסһֻڴĽȻһᡣ
ǡħóᣬϸһ¶ݡ
⾹ȻѧǰħһѧⰵħķֻǷô򵥣֮ѧķ޷ӵпȱʵ弸ûߡ
סħȴͬ߳ķȻӵвڱʵʲôӵһñ֣ͿԴܶˣϲԼǿĶ֣ҲϷԶһʤ
ħûȷĻֻ֣˵ħɣͿӵеͬڵıʵǺޱԼֱһ
棬ϵϲɫȥޱȣ˫üĿҳϵ֣꣡
֮󣬳Ժ鱾ΪΡħķΪʲôӵвڱʵˣԭԱΪһ߰ħ֮꣬ħ֮
׷ڰħһ壬ѧһ֣ħûһ˲䣬ħħ嵱ʱĻߣħʵע⣬ڰħչ˭֪ʹ䣬ħ𶯣֮
ħħϢħ壬ҲԴ֮Ҳûһħħ
˵ħɹĻʼ㡣
¶һƿЦ㳽һʦǿ󣬵Ҳ⡶ħɻûŵԼԱⰵħʰĴڣԷ꣬ԥĽŽ
ţóĹ֮УıΪЩ
֮
һѽʽͨӣһֲɣĸо
Ȼ֪µڣϸĻȻԸоѽ͸ķϢ
˽ԹֻƷн۷̶޷齣ȣ˽Ϊ̺˽е־ԴӸ˵齣мֵ֪Ʒʱĸʴ֮£Ҳиһ졣
֮֮Ծ˳ʱ仹ûи࣬ȫΪ̺н־һԽýŲ࣡
ҲǺԶƽ̺ڵҪ˽ԭ
־һԽ
޼֮
һޣһ֣ĿĿ꣬ҲǳΪ½۷Ľǿߡ
ڣһǧѷĻǰϹŽĽ־򽣵У嫵Ľ
㳽ΪˣеĽ֮Ҳеļ˷ܡ
ʼɡһ˫ֹۣˮϢﵽһ㣬·˺һľ磬˽֮ԸоԼһ嫵Ľ磬ʷ׳ʡ
Ψһɫʡ
һƬޣԸоķɢϢͬһ˫
־־޼᲻ݣ
ˣаǣ
ߣǣ
ߣнǣ
ߣӭѶϵ־κʧܣκѣκλһԽΪ־ƶ׷󽣵ռ
֮ݸԵľΪĽ־
һߣҪеĽ־
ԸоԼԽһõõ˴ͬһһ㣬ע˫
ʱţԸоԼˣһͽе磬໥棬໥ںϣ˫
ԵĽнԽ⽣֮ȻУƻ
ʦĽڵĳ޷޷⣬ȴǿԽ⿪⣬£⿪ʼ⣬Ϣʼı䣬ǵĽϢϢ
⣡
ԵĽԭûԣֻǵĽ⣬Ҳ޷Խȣ˿Ϊ˽֮ĽתΪ⣬һּǿĽ⡣
Ϣӳڴƴޱȡ
¡
ֻʶһһޣһǿϢͻĽ׵ʦﵽ׵ʦΣ˲ﵽ۷ʦҪ׵ʦ
ΪԸоõԼûн֮־ȫ򣬻һ֣һִڣ޷ͻ׵ʦΣʧܸա
ˡԷͻ׵ʦϾ̫ˣûü׵ʦһͻ׵ʦ׾粻ȣͻԺľ磬ѣԳȨһʱ
˫ۣԷ֮ʼ黯ڣ󻯳һƬɫ㣬緱һ㡣
ǰȻûмģһҵųǰδеĹâԷǰţһһ߳ūųԣֻԼͬһӤһ㣬ڳԵĿ£޷ܣһɻǸеļ¡
Լ飬΢΢һ㶣Ȼ֪Լͽ־ںһ壬ƿȻֻ⣬ڽ־ȴ꣬޷ĥ𣬶ūǽޣȻ޷ֵˡ
գϢڱԴū˵һˣЩҩָңصռ䣬ܹͻ׵ʦģʱߡ
лˣ


543 ʦ̨
һԴϲĽӹҩռ䣬ȡܹͻ׵ʦڳߣ׷߲εĽ
Ȼڷռ棬ٶȼ죬ҲֻͣĽ׵ʦԴܹڳ߾Ͳһܹʱ̸ǹɽ־ôԶ
ʮūܹжͻ׵ʦԾͲ֪ˡ
׵ʦֻһ׼ܸ԰
ʵԽԽǿū˶İҲԽԽСΨһİ취Ҳǵʵ
һУҲûа취Ͼÿһ˵츳ͬ־ͬͬҲÿһ˵ʵͬȻūԽΪǾһܹڽܹȡöߵĳɾ͡
츳־ߣȱһɣ
£Ҳ֪Լչ˶೤ʱ䣬ֻ˰ʯƻûаʱ䣬ǰ̨ѯʣ֪Լչʮһ죬һ£ٽ˰ʯ
ԴˣջϰȻǸ˲ѣӭԳסԸ߲ô
Ҳֵˣصջ󣬳ԿʼϤ׵ʦʵ
һԸоԼʵߣн׵ʦԼ޵еĴڣܹвҲֻи߽׵ʦұǰ˽׵ʦǾŽ׵ʦС
ȻһжʩչŵƵ¡
񣬳˼ɱУѹ׵ľһǿľ֮ڶǿ⣬н־ļӳֱ֣󣬲һĽԵֵģؽһѪԳڵʵһǵʦ޵еĴڣǰƶҪǿѪϹŵҩѾԼҲֻѣ򲻵ѣǲ׷Ѫġ
֪ʱȥ
һ죬ռڴ˽һϢڴҩ֧£ͽߡʮͻĽ׵ʦ׵ʦУһһ̤׵ʦʵȻʮū֮ס
ū¾ģŬȡʵڳߡ
ͬǶǵľҲ˲٣Ⱥ߽֮УΪȵʦĴڡ
֮⣬Դһаһ£֪Ȼһ֮꣬п󣬳Դһϻ˵޻ʱ䶼ȽϳǸߵȼޣеĿԾ͸ˡ
аĿǾԵıޣеʱȻ͸ˡ
ǣԽаĵסڷռɷͫúչֱŮΪֹ
ͫ򸾶ԳԸмѣѾĴڡ
һгԶֵúܺͰȴ˼νаľշҪ֪ԵһοǾԵıޣ͸ѵһ
ǰһУǻδСѾͷ͹ģԸе޲ߣֻһһ
ͬʱһֱ˼νһʢʢߴԱʩչǿľ֮ϾǶ޵ʵ̫ˣĽŲԴصӿ󣬳Դ㽫ػǡ
ϻҲ벻пԴ󣬾ڳѾҪʧʱϻͻȻ˵ˣǲؾϹŴ֮أҲҵ󣬱ϾҪʵ̫ˣҲֻЩϹؾпҵ
˵òؾҷȥˡԳͷ˫ֲ֪ʱѾսǿľ֮һܷȥؾһǰᣬǾǽ洫ǰ֮С
ԵʱѾ࣬Ŭ
ѾаˣԾȥߣúÿһ˵еİǣԼǳսɫʵĵʦ̨
ͬʱҲ뿴Լʵ״ﵽһˡ
һ߳ջڼ˼ܵĽֵת˼Ȧ󣬽һߺͽʮ½½ĳûκ˵ע⣬෴һͳһľװһĸڳĳ˲˵⡣
һ˶ԽΪ˼ǽˣȻֻ׵ʦľ̶еٮٮߡ
Ĵ׵ʦֻƼСųҲ࣬˰в²⳽Եݣһûһ˼׷ײ²ǵģҲĳɵĵմӣǡ
ԴˣԲΪ⣬õ͵ʱ򣬱Ҫ͵øߵʱһҪߵ
οǣ˿ԲƣЩֵʵһЩħһӡ
Ȼһ·ûһ˸ǰΪѣ˿ĿЩ𾴡
Ǻܴ󣬳˳Ե󣬱ӿҪңһյʱеʦ̨ĵط
һԲΣڽǶĵطܴռؼʮ﷽Բϡɣ
˵ʦ̨ǰǵڶγʼеģʮλɴ˿֪ʦ̨жôƾõˡ
˿̣½½к߽ܶǶһ⣬һʲƵʯ
λֵܣǸǰɣʱһۻڳԶһ㡣
Ի׿ȥֻһ󣬼׸ߣŹͭɫƤǰһϮϵ£һŵһͷïܵĳţһ⣬ŵĸоһ֪ԻԵͷԣ̨֪кҪ󣿡
ҽذεٺ٣ҲǸ£Ѿμ˼ԡԳذεٺһЦָǶڣ˵ҲˣǶҪʮƷʯȻſԽȥۿ
շôߣԴһ


544 Ľύ
Ϊʲôô˽ȥ̲סʡ
Ͳ֪˰ɣʦ̨ǵʦһĸ֣һ켫ǿеˣԽһս֣һĵʦԱģۿֲεսȻǽŲٵĺôշѸȻġ
ذεΪȻ˵ο㻹Ըʵμӳסнס߽׵ʦ̨սʵԲμн׵ʦ̨ҪٽʮƷʯҲʮַģʤһʮƷʯ
ܹȡʮʤ˻ȡ˰ٿƷʯĽ֮⣬ɵõ췽⽱һǧƷʯͰеʮʤսѫ£ƾѫ£ڰκһطԻðŻݣڸ̨߽Ľн׵ʦ̨Ҫ߳
Ȼ;ȥҲԣҪս㣬ͱսܾսߣᱻǡذεȻûаǶą̃Ĺ򡢽ƶȴΪʵǿĻԶʮʤʮʤǽɾ͸ӷ񡣡
˵ذεͣ˵ܹðʤĻԻóԽӼڰ̨ʷֻʮ˶ѣǻڶٵʱڣܹʮʤѾܲˡ
Ҳ̶֪ȣѾһ˵ֹһ֡ذε˳һۣҿʵ׵ʦǲҪȥμ̨ˣ̫ΣˣҪ֪ȥμ̨ģͶ߽׵ʦ˽׵ʦоŽ׵ʦĳ֡
˵ţذε̾һ˵ʮʤϧǰüζûܳɹһҪʮʤѫ¡ذε¶֮âȫۣͬԽĸɽһ㡣
ҽгԣлЩԸоذε˻ĽύذεȻȥеϣʵϲʮ꣬ΪѾﵽ˰˽׵ʦĵزʦ֮
ļǿҳֵĻҪвܴǡذεһˣЦ˵ˣҽȥˣϣܼ㡣˵꣬ʮƷʯ̤߽Ƕڡ
ߣҲȥԵ
ˡһ˳ɵǿ֪ʯ࣬һȥĻҪʮƷʯ
ģҲҽȥʶһ£кô԰˵ʮƷʯ࣬ڸջһʾ޿ĳ˵ʲô
Դ콣һڣΧ˵ľȣʮƷʯ߽˽Ƕ
СʲôͷȻԼ¶ȥǿʮƷʯ
ղҿˣ¶ǽޣԽΪ֣Ȼ粻ߣ°˽׵ʦǶ֡
˻϶ĳɵ洫ӣֲ¡
ߣҿŴ½ȥ㿴ŰɣղǷٶ϶˲˵ע⣬ڳû£˳ǿɾδˡ
⻰ĬȻͬڽֹ򶷣˳ǿɾͲǰǵĹϽΧˣԳԸղµľٶȻ˲ɱ˽ٲߵע⣬ʵҲˣѾ⵽˳ԡ
һʴСһ㶼۵ģϵʯ٣˵Ҳм򡣡
¶ɲð죬ûУȫʿҪ֣ƴ˹ûС
ߣǿ԰ֵܽǲܾġ
ǣã
ʧ˽Ƕ⡣
ͬʱѾ˽ǶȻһ糱ĺߣͬˮһ
ǰĳѳԾˣһ޴Բν壬ΪϡС㣬ֱӦߡСͽ׵ʦ̨
̨޽һһʯ̨£Ｘʮ㣬Ķˣʮˣ⻹н׵ʦ͸߽׵ʦ̨һĻ½ӻҪ֡
Ǹ޷ǰľȽϣΪģһǵʦߣʮʦ޷
ʷԴģΪ׳۵ľ
ÿһĶλãҲһЩ޽ʯݣҪһǧƷʯſۿһ˿ɸ
߽׵ʦ̨뿴ذεı
飡޴ıײ볽ԶߣֻڽǶλãһɷԲĸ̨ʦս졣
˶ǰ˽׵ʦʵûпɱԣ˵һ־ս
أ
һյʱȥһ˵ĵ߰˰ˣڱһ˴ܡ
ʤΪ̨֪һλԸ̨սվڸ̨ϣ˵

һֻһ貵ĳӶ¡һδӦͱһ˳ȥ
Ǹذεˣ
û뵽ˣ˰ǰ֣һʤڶʤʵһǿǰﵽ˾ʤĵزϧǱһεʮʤִܣֹʤ֪쵽ûлΪһʮʤˣ
ذε֪ʲôٶҲ̫ˣֱ
̨ˣ볽ڽǶ⽻̸ذεһ֣һƬ֣˵ս͡
ãذεΪ̨֪λԸսжذεİѾߵ
ذεվ̨ϣڷһ㵹Ŀ磬ףлȻɵĵκ
Ժͽһ˸ƫƧλ£ͻȻذεһǰߵʵԼҪµõϵĵƣͲһ߿Աģοһ˽׵ʦʵȺ


545 ذεʵ
ʵҲˣڳ˼֪ذεʵ˽ⱸʮȿһ̨ս

ͻȻһǿ̨´ֻһӰ䵽̨ϣأ涼һ𾢣һ࣬˽׵ʦ֡
㲻ҵĶ֣ҹȥذε˵
Ծ֪ˡŭ
ˣΪұҰεʸûСذεһĮȻһƣȻ£ءһݺϣ⵽ʯײһ㵹̨ȫĿⶸȻ䵽ϣͣƴ˭
죬ذεʮʤߵĳƺţڱصá
㣡
أ
ʤ
ʤ
ʤ
ʤ
ذε磬ƥУֻһϣʹܶ֡
ӣ㣡
ڣһŽ׵ʦ֣֫ǿ׳ⷢһͷ̵ĺڷһۣɢƻϢ
ʮа㣡ذε˵˫Ŀ⣬Ȼս߰
ԼٺãҲ޷ذεĮӣһ˫ȭȭӿɢ貹ԣСɽһذεȥ䣬ըˣ޿ɵֵѹذε
оһȻȭ֣һѾͨĵزȫÿһλȭͷ͡
Ųãͼֵȼĸ֣óԴ̾һûа
Ŀ⿴ذε뿴ȥһȭ
ˣ
óԾȵǣԭΪذεû뵽侹ȻҲ˫ȭΪ˷ֱӭȥ
飡
һ𣬿ֱӱѹɷ۴⣬ֱӱذεһȭ˳ȥ
ʲô
𾪣ŵĿذε
һС
ذεޱ飬ս⼤糱ƾһ㣬Ķ־Ѿ˲ֹһ
Ȼûвμ̨֪ȡһʤҲףʮأҲδˡ
̨Ĳߵʵ־˼롣
ذε־Ȼﵽһǿľ磬ȻĶ֡
Ҳһû뵽ذεʵչ˿죬ҲҪ֤һʮʤߵĵ
ϸĵĹ۲ذεսּսмǿãͬʱԺԷԼذεˣ˵ֵ
ս棬Ҳŵ츳Ҳűϣһ·õһ
ڶУ
У
У

ھУ
ذεֱأʮУҵ£˫ƻ䣬ֱ˶ֵȻǶˣѪ̨ϡ
ˣȥɫ糣˵ֳ棬ѾϰΪˣֻҪһ¡

ȫһƬ
ذε٣ιʮ֮˾ſ϶ܹʮʤ
ǰղ˿ǾŽ׵ʦȻֻ˵ȵľŽ׵ʦڰ˽׵ʦ˵ҲСذεȴδʵʵ󡣡
ߣδʮʤɲô׵õģǵĳ
ԣԵͷκβμ̨˶֪ǰԣֻҪʵҪȡʤǺףͲôˣһ˵սʵԽǿ˶ᰲһǿĶֹ˳Ϊʮʤߡ
Ͼÿһʮʤߣζųһʧ
һ㣬ÿһ˶֪Ȼ޷ֹ˲飬ΪΪʮʤߣܹһʲƵĽܹõһζǿߡ
ǿߣ׷ġ
ǿһѵõĶ֣ǲ֪ңܹ֧ŶУԿذε˵ذεһǿĶ֣ڵĶ֣֪ԼʵӦÿԳŹʮУǰذεҪͱʮпˡ
ⷬ뷨֪ȻҪֻ֪׵ʦѣн׵ʦ͸߽׵ʦȫûпɱԡ
ȻֻгԲ֪Լʵ
ûھȥμӸ̨߽Ĵ㣬ʵǿҲܹ߽׵ʦѣ԰˽׵ʦʹƵܹܣȵǾӢı޷ڲ֮ء
ذεȻҲ֪һ㣬һŽ׵ʦҲֻ˵һǱĲߣֳʵӮ˵ء
ԣҪһŽ׵ʦ
ڳÿһڶ֪ᰲһǿľŽ׵ʦذεֹڴˡ
ذεĿ棬Ȼȫսۣ֣ڵȴԼһ֣ͿԳΪʮʤߡ
ȫԸΪŬ׷ġ
գһһ죬
ʤذεֻٴһˣͿԳΪһʮʤߣȡĽɷԴǼңڳÿһ˺ս֮ģڣ֪˭Ը̨սȡ֮

ȫڣ˶ˣҪ̨սذεһ˷·Ѿ׼һ㣬ڲлµ˲䣬Խ̨һݵ꣬Ž׵ʦĿ䣬ذεһ⡣
ΣǸذεһһֹھʤˡ
û뵽һеÿˡ
ǰԵĶֿɱذεԵĶǿˣ֪Ƿܹذε
εһ֣˵Ŀ⣬û뵽ȻôһǿĶ֣ǵҲԽԽߡ
ΣذεŶΣɫ˼֣μͬʱǵģֹͬʤҲۿεļ֪εĿ£ھŽ׵ʦеˮ׼ǿߡ


546 Ľ
һǿĶ֣ذεҴ⣬ǰδеļУĿһĿΣһɺƴĵذεۣ
ৡһִǹ˸ֻһ˳ǹУǹѩͬٲһϣһǹߣʵǿȻĶֻǰ˽׵ʦذεûзɣȫע
ԿΣ˫΢УܹоһǿǹһǰͬĸоҲо
ȻǾŽ׵ʦԿԵĸоǹ޷ȡ
εûǹİԵֻǴǹıضѡ
ԣ۽ĳɾͣҲߵĸԶ
¶һĨɫû뵽ǽŵңҲǺǹš
뵽ڴٴμ档
ϣ
һѳԴ˼˳̨ϣذεѾսһ
Ƕ˵ٶȶܿ죬ֻܿӰ̨ϴϳĹâʱǹ
Եʶǿܹսĳ棬ʱ䣬Ѿʮغϡ
ֻǳ̽˭Ҳκβ˭
ذεȻֻǰ˽׵ʦʵѾͨľŽ׵ʦֻʵ״ﵽһΣҲ֪
ذεȻδѽѷ֡߾˵
δأ̽ŸոսǱƴʵʵʱ򡣡˷Ե
ô˵ذεǿ󶼸̵ӳ
أ
貣ǹ㣬ײһ𣬱һ죬κذεѸٷֿӶԷ˵ȷʵǿҽóʵϣʧ
ɣذεûжĻйŵһӣ̨һۣһ㼤ζȻתŵӰΣƿ̶γɾ޴αƽ
ҵ
ذεһٴμӿ죬ѸףӰֻܼٺһĵѸٵ˺ѿ
أأأ
֮Բʮ֮ڵ̨涼ֳĽѷ졣
ǹ
ĵưθߣгǹǹʣ£ͬʵǹâǣһ㣬¡ݺײǰذεĵ
ĵ˵
ذε׵νʮ㣬ԭֻһͨĵ£֪Ӵ˶ٱֻһʵ֪˶ٵȻ޷γɱƵĵ׵ԹԷֱһɱС
Ķ֣ΣʩչһҲֻһǹ̺ǿǹΪһ㣬Ʊ
ҲóаǹȻһԻ֮С
¡
糤ĳǹϣʱǹ͵⡣
꣡꣡
ȴȻûֹͣƣݺݵѹǹҪ顣
ȥɫһ䣬ӿǹƿǣбȣͣסΣ˫ֺݺݵųǹ̳ءһǶ޾֮УͣסƣȻ͹ذεһ
أأأ
ǿɢذεȫٴδ߶ڳǹϣ֮ڶνڽڰˣ޷ֵ
¡
ײ˳ȥֱǽеĳǹķ˳ȥأ̨棬̨һǶˡ
ʲôǹ⣡ɫ䣬㺧ˣ˵Ļܵøңޱʩչǹ⣬ȫѤõǹ⣬ȫһ˳ǹӰǰ޴ǹ
ƣ
δȣ˫˳޴ǹӰɲذε
ĵ⣡
Ȼɢذεֳ˫յϲĵ֮һ㣬һɹϵĵɢϹ־նǹӰ֮ϣһڣ
ʲôԵ⣿δ󺧣ûüˣһѪ˳ȥ
ذεɫƽŵС
ȻԵ⣬ֻôδ˵һԣпذεĿ¶⣬ʮذεʤΪʮʤߣ뵽ȡӦеĽ
ذε˳һ̨ۣһλߵĴ£
ȻԵ⣬ȤϣһذεȥıӰ˵ϣһǿȻһ֡
ȤĶ֣ȻΣȻʮ֮СߣһĮȻ˵
ܾкܶɵĵﰡڴܹһλǿСߣһȲ²˵
ջĿ⣬˵ĵ⣿ѵ֮
ˣϹһ֣ϸ˵ⲻΪȷʵڹԱΪԣֻû뵽ߣ˵߰ϻ˵
ҲǻΪ֡˵һȥн׵ʦ̨
ǣһ˹
һ˶㣬н׵ʦ̨ĵط
һλ£Թۿ̨ϵıԡ
أ
²ãһ˾ͱһִɳȥȡһԵʤ
ҳ㣡
ܿ죬һԴֻһ߳ʮƷʯ̨ĿưмһУְɣ

׵ʦŭȥ
ҹ̨ȥ
һЦһϣһ죬׵ʦ͵ɳȥû֣ͣһԾһŲ˺ϣݺһ𣬺һѪֱˤ̨
ʤ


547 Ըĳ
˭սңĿˣɫư˼㣬жüͷȴû˵ʲô߿ɾͿȥˣһֱӽʮƷʯ̨ս㣡
ʮд㣡ЦȻָһ۷ʦȴмǿģʮ֮ڴܶ֡
ȻסҪ۵ģŴŭһӣңܲ͸ųɺȥ
ۣٺ٣սҵģҪۣЦȫ˷ɱȥ
ʦ֣ʦܻ᲻̫ˣλϯϣһſߵ꣬о⣬ʵ
û£֮ڲرԣҾóʦͦõģοȻ֪׵ʦ׵ʦҲĶ֣޵ߡʦֲΪȻ˵ò䣬촽ܱһ֪һˡ
ǣ༸˵ͷٶ˵
ʮУ̨ͻȻһȣֻһźɨϯ϶ѹ˶ϣһѪˤ̨ϣĿŶ֣˵ҳԲĺ
˵꣬ɰףһɫһ˭
ң
һ̨ɲǳɵĶ֡

峡
߳
˵ڰ˳һ׵ʦ֫׳
ʮд㣡ɫ䣬˵
ҵҪƾʲôƾղŴܵǼ׵ʦ𣿡׳м˵Ϊֹˡ˵գ̤߳һȭ
ߣ
ɿһƽ׳˵ҵҪʲôʵ˵䣬ȡһϸ̣ͨ±ɫ⣬ͬһţʳһ㣬ಡһ̳һ

׳Ȼ͵ߣ˫ֻӶųһƬâڴϸϣһ죬һЦٿȻһ䣬ͬһ࣬׳һæء
أ
˫һϣƶϸķɳȥ
̹
׳ȣ˫ƻ裬ɫɳǵذųɾ
ˮ죡
ɫɣȻȣϸһƬ⸡֣һ¡ֱӽɫɳ׳ɫһף˶ɼһҪȡӡ
ˣ֪׳ܾѶ
ȻûеʮУ׳ͱɴˤ̨
˻
ȫʱһ󵹳
ʲô׵ʦȻ
ҿͺҰһ𣬿Ҳڵӡ
Ǹڸ߽׵ʦ̨ȡʮʤĺҰ

һ˿âԩ·խû뵽ﾹȻڵʦֵܡ
Ӧû֪ԼϣԼҲ̫š
գȻһƽ
ߣ˭սҳɲ壡һ˵
СȻ˿ѵ㡣һֻֿһ̨׵ʦΪ¶ɡ
ߣ˭ѵ˭˵
һȭŭ
ʦ֣ʦܻ᲻вʵȸղǿϲ١һ޽ڵ˵
ҪģҾ޽ʹþ޽𣿡ҰΪȻ˵
ǣЩˣȻʦܵǺǿԾ޽֮򡣡ͷ˵ˣΪΰʱ仹ʦǣ
ҲΪʲô鵢˰ɡҰüͷһ壬˵ʦȥ̽Ϣ
ס깧
šҰͷĿͶֻ̨ɺʹԽսԽ£Ѿչݱĵزȴû°֣˵˶Ϊϸ˭֪ھ޽һҲκˣǿҲΪһ㣬ҰŷγɵĿ
Сӣҵ£
˫ȭ趯輱磬ʯ£ɡ
趯գ
ȣϸƣܲ͸磬ô޷
޽ԣüͷ΢壬о˳ɺ;޽ڵӵĲһǾǾ޽ڵӶټΪʹõȴϸϾ޽ڵӵҪ͵ɫ䣬̨
ѵ
ֻϸͻȻķɳȥ̨ϡ
Сӣûҿôܣɣ
󺺵ǳЦɶԳɵľ裬ƽɣ˫ȭЮɣҪ
㡣
ٶȶȻӿ죬һӰƽ󺺡
ߣ㻹˿Դ󣬼ֱûˡߵ
𣿡էʱǰЦʡ
ɣŭĺɣͻȻһ޴貹âͬǳһ㣬ޱȣ۾һУȻоһɾ޴ΣԼ亹ֱʧթСʵ
أ
ֱӱâ˳ȥһѪ٣ϳּۡ
Ǹ㣬Ǿ޽ڵӡ˵УȻһ޽
޽ڣ䡣ԣ䣬䣬ԭѱɣ˵Ǿ޽ڵӺ󣬶ʱһƬ޽ڣǿǶݵĳ֮һһǧҲҵ޽ڵӣֻܽʹʽ
ʤѾʤųһͽΪһʮʤߣȡ֪һλԸ̨սп˳һۣưԴӣ֮ɫŨ
ȫž˭˳ɵǿȻֻ׵ʦʵӹɡ
ǺǣʦܽΪһʮʤ߰ҰЦ
ʦԼǡ˵
ѵû˸ս𣿡ɻһۣЦԴ֮ɫŨ


548 ȵ
ɶ񣬽㣬ȥѵһ١һһԽûһȥСһЩŮǣ˵
ϼȵһȣ̲ס̨ѵġϼס󣬵һǿɰǣ˵ôˣ黹ס´ΣͲˡ
㣬ϼˣ´βˡϼһ¶µı飬Ͻϴȴţһ̫ˣҲѵ˵꣬ݺݵ̨ϵĳһۡ
ǺǣɿǾ޽ڵӣ϶ҰģѵϼĿã˵
룬ˡϼ˵Ҿˣñ˽ѵɡ
šϼĵͷ
ͬʱȴûսɡ
Щ޵󱲣ѵ𣿡ɷЦԽĿ

ֱĿˣ
ѵѵ㣬֪ʲôˣ졣
ڳ֣аȻԲ˳⻰׷׶ŭҪѵɡ
δЩνţסֻǾ޽ڲĶݵһڣ쳤ЦԴ˵ɫͻȻ̣ЦȻֹعͷ
ֻһòͨվԼ󣬳¶ɫ漴ֻ׵ʦ󣬶ʱٴιЦָ꣬м˵Сӣʲôˣ̨սңĪɣ
ԣЦҲģսġ
ģûôģ㵱ǻòˡɹЦһ˫۾䣬ųԣ˵СӣҸһλᣬ̨̹ȥҾһҾ֪ʲôк£
ˣȻѾûдȥҡҡͷ˵㻹Ǵ˵ɣ
ˣСˡ
ǰѰ׵ʦɵĶ֣οһ׵ʦαɡ
Ȼ涨̨óɿǾ޽ڵӣһյˣҲǲ֮
˴󾪣ΪԱڳɽ¡
ý㣬Σաϼһң̨ĻͲΣգҡ
ҪãҲе㱾£򲻻޴̨սɵġϼ˳һۣοƺ˵֣
ģϼ۾ʵ
šϼӳһۣӴóһСӣ˼ҳ˵ԣʮ꣬Ľ׵ʦ½ӵһˣͬʱӥź½ӣΪǬԪһţ
˵ţһۣ˵Ƕٶ½ӵ
ȻôǬԪһţϼһͷ۾һ㣬ųԣʵ֣㣬ʮ꣬Ľ׵ʦΪʲôǵһأ˶٣˵Ҳʮ꣬Ѿ׵ʦǱϼŵĵһأ
ǺǣãһţֻǽǬԪѡϼ΢΢һЦ˵Ҫ֪ϰٸʮ򣬺һЩУССļľٶУȻһԼһǬԪ͵ȵʵҲҪͺܶࡣ
ϼ˵Ȼĵһţһ棬Ҫۿۺܶˡ
ԭϼ˼ĵͷͻȻ۾һЦ˵˵ҵǬԪȥĻ񲻾ǵһˣ
ҲǰɣϼЦ˵
̫ˣҲǵһˡϼ˵
ˣǿɣ⳽սɡϼ˵
šϼͷ۾ҲĿ̨ϵĳԡ
Ǻǣ̨гԵСһ޽ڵЦ
׵ʦʦһоͿɱһ޽ڵӵ
ԣǸǬԪһţͬʱҰųԣ¶Ĳм޽½ӵݣȫӳԣֻǬԪֻһڶݶǲĵͼɶѣǬԪһţֱһЦ
ʦ֣ǬԪһţ
Цһ˿ԺɨǬԪ½ӡ
һţҿǵһģ
޽ڼԣһ֮ɫȫûнԿУͬһ߹ӵܼһһ㡣
Ǻǣҹ֮ȣҰ溬ЦǴһ˿֮ɫųԣΪȻ˵
ʦԼǡƨ
޽ڵӿ𳽻ԣΪ޽ڵŵӣȻ͸𳽻ԣȫһư֮ɫһλߵųԣ˵ߣҾͳȫ㡣
˵գһţϸУʸһ򳽻ԣҪ࣬ɱ
ˣ⳽ˣ
˵ͷ
ȻһĻȴǶԼĿ⡣
ֻٿȻһӭȥͻȻһ
꣡
еϸӦϳڡ

ɫ䣬ǿ־壬ţǰһ̻һ׸ôͱôǿˣҪֵȴ޷ֵ
͡
齣䵽ǰĽɢ·˲۴⣬һ۳ǰֻо䣬һǿоȫ֫򳽻ԵĿг˿־塣
Ҫɱң
һĿǾ
أ
һ˿âվûɱ齣һᣬ˳ϣءһ˳ȥ
ܣ
˶վĿɿڴĿųԣ϶ŵɫǶţ׵ʦ׵ʦĳɣȻϷԵİڳԵϣȫеĲһ


549 ս
ôܣ
ϼϼһվ˫۾ɵôģţǰһǽÿлСͬƵĳԣȻǿʵʵʤ׵ʦĳɺ޷֮ţУҲӦȫûзŶԣ
ô
ͬʱҰվŵĿųԣǰ߸˼㣬Լеߣһĳԣ㲻һǱһܵĳʲôֱǷ
ô£ʦôͰˣûɣ޽ڵվĿɿڴĿųԣĿĲţղǻ˵ҹ֮صС󣬷־ͿûеǣС󣬾Ȼһдܳɣ˵С󶼲磿
Ϸˡ
Ҳ֪ʱվųԣ͸©ŵɫʡ
̫аˣ׵ʦǲʵ
ܣʵͱ췽ˣôڣľȷʵ׵ʦ
⳽Լֱ
һ˵ڶǲţ׵ʦ
ԻʤջĿ⣬
һû䣡ĿĿųԣĿͬҰһ㣬˻һʵôң
㲻ΪһʧߵľûСһƽ˵
ʧߣҪս㡣ŭĿ¶˫־޽УųԺݺݵȥ
󵨣Ǿ޽ڵҲΥҰǵ̨ٴսԣ̨ɫһ䣬̽һڳϣ̨˵סκ˶ΥǵĹ򡣡
㡭ɴŭ
ɣʱҰԣִļϣ˵ȥ
ʦ֡ɱŭ֮ɫԼųһûܣҪ
ȥ㼸λʦֻѵġҰųɣĿһ䣬˵
ǣӭźҰĿ⣬Ŀ£һ飬ͷݺݿ˳һۣʻͷ
ãԳΪ̨֪λԸ̨սи˵
վ̨ϣɫƽ齣ɢĹâӳڿһƬ䡣
ȫƽһ
⳽ֻ׵ʦѣղܹһܳɣΪɲ˽ʵôᱻһܣ
׵ʦʵǿҲǿȥ
ţ˵⳽ʵһˣȫб
һЩ˼ûսԣ鿪ʼ
ս㡣
һӰٶڳԶ棬ৡһγһųԱȥб裬һƬųֶȥ
꣡
ٿȻֻһ̽ŽУ̱ը
أ
ֱֻһѪɳȥ
ߣֻ׵ʦѣ֣ܲ㡣
һ׵ʦ̨Ŀųԣһһ˸϶һն򳽻ԡ
꣡
Խһӳ齣һѣӹƽ󺺡
áɫ䣬֪Բǿôк̻ص齣Ѿϣϣ󺺶پһɾʯѹԼһһѪ˳ȥ
ʲô
ɫ䣬һ𾪵Ŀųԡ
ԭʵǳԴ
̫ˣӵ׵ʦеȲε
׵ʦӵеʵ𣿡
۷׷ף̾Եǿ
ǬԪСأ⳽ԼȻܹӵеһ֮ҲǲСġϼ˵
ߣʲô˲ڱС̨ϼһҪ̨սԣһҪܵӡ
ϼҪ嶯ϼæסãֵ˵ֻô˵ѣĶ֣
ǵȻǱϼδĵһŮҵĶ֣һֻ־ͿԴϼµһ˵Ȼ㶼ô˵ʹдһˡ
šϼ΢΢һЦ£̨ϵĳԣü΢˵˳ɣƾ޽ڵĺҰǲʹ˰ݵģǸ߽׵ʦԳ֣Ǽʦһ֡
㣬ô죿ϼһü˵Ұ̫ˣҿɲϣ۸ԡ
ģ㲻˵Գ֣Ǽ޽ڵӣ֣Ҳ˲˳ԡϼ˵
ҾͷˡϼЦ˵
ϼͽ̸۵ʱмн̨սԣܡ
߳
Իʤ
ȫڣоԾһ漣
ߡҰһ˵Ǹ߽׵ʦ޷̨ѵʦܣȥסͿˡ
ǣʦַġһЦ̨
ʦ֣ʦܹԸ⳽𣿡һ޽ڵӵʵ
ģʦ۷ʦʵѵԸһ𣿡Ұʵˣ򳽻ԣȴһ޷͸ĸоﲻЦһ׵ʦѣʵǿҲ޵ģҺαصأ
ǣӲҶԣʦֶ޷ܳԵĻǿҲǳԵĶ֡
ͬʱ̨Ŀųԡ
Ǿ޽ڵӣ⳽鷳ˣ˿۷ʦԲô׶Ըġ
޽ڵ߰ôĿȻҪ취
⳽ҪûҪʵûʵڵĵ˾޽ڣù
һһۣһɫŸӵĿ⿴ųԣԣסҾ޽ûк³ġ


550 ʮʤս
սˣن¡
ô㡣ŭգ˫ֳӥצΣٿȻչͬһֻӥץ򳽻ԡ
͡
צ˺ѿֻʮָ£ͬʮͬʱ򳽻ԣס·
һм˼㡣
ৣ
齣ֶৡһ£ʮӭʮָ⣬ָʮַһɢҵ򳽻ԡ
ߣҵӥָƷнѧʮ㣬ɹ˿أƾҲֵܵһм˵
ôٿȻһ䣬齣糤һ㼤ৡһ£һŻ⣬ȵĹâ˲ڷԲ֮ڣžʮָⶼ
һУǳģ齣ķƳֵĹҼӴĻܣС
ӣ
ɫһ𺣬ƶӰ£ʱһɺͬˮһӺк£û⻹ûнֻſһ޽ƣ϶һնĽԳԵͷն£Ҫ롣
¡¡
꣡
겻Ǿ޽ŵ֮һͬʱʩչó޷ܣֻӲƴ
һ̣˵Ŀⶼ˳ϣҪεֵ
С֮ˣˣԶ֪ж󣬸һѵҲáҰĿųԣ䣬糽ֻһһ㡣
ʦԼǡ޽ڵӦ
ã㣬Σաϼһǵ
ģӦֵܹϼοĿȴһֱעڳϡ
ɣ
֮ɫ
ǣ
ɫ䣬ȣһȽ𣬱貹ԣڳϣһһ㣬һԣ˫ƽ⽽ɣһӶͣӿĺˮ̻Ϊҽ
û˿ͣͣ˫һϣǾ콣ֱӱĳ˷۴⣬ΪƬ㡣
ʲô
ʧɫ֧֯˺
ڸֵˡ
һ˿ɫҲֻ𣬺ο̤һһӣ齣һԣɢĹâȻ£ءһ˳ʮסΡ
飡
ǰһ㣬ÿһ̨һ£õ¶ɫ˺Ұһۣ֪ԼڳԵϣкùӳԣһҧ˫ֳֽӿɢ⡣
ս
һȴдֻо޽ųɫâһɷĽӿӶн԰ơ
ɣ
ȣ޾ھ޽ϣһ޴¡ִĽԽ£ᴩ̨ƺҪ̨ͬڣ롣
Ԫ
ؽʺԵĵƣʩչǰߣԸֵȼĶ֣ҲܵЧڻһһȥ
¡
ǴִԽֱɢ
ʲô
ʧɫţ˳ȥҪ֡
أ
Ԫǿᳬһʩչ޿ɱ⣬ϣ̩ɽѹһ㣬˫̨ۣϣӲֱ̨飬һѪ̨ϡ

ȫʱȻ
⳽ԾȻô̫˼ˡ
ǰҶĶ֡
пܻýʮʤߵĳƺˡ
˵ľҰȴĮ˼㣬һ࣬򳽻ԵĿ⣬ͫ˸ɱ
ȥǷҰĶһ˵һ֣ߣ
ǣӶʱҰ߳н׵ʦ̨
㣬ȻӮˡϼС죬Ŀ˵
ţǽСˡϼͷ˵
ߣʲô˲ҲҵĶ֡ϼһ˵ܺãͲʮʤߵĳƺˡ
ϼԣǺһЦ
ʤ
ʤ
׵ʦȺսԣܣõʮʤߵĳƺš
ͬʱõ˰˰ٿƷʯԼһǧƷʯһһǧ˰ٿƷʯ⻹һѫ£֤ǰн׵ʦ̨ʮʤߵݡ
ͬһսߣֻܲμʮսԳԲ̨ܼҲûټȥ򣬱ϾѾ˲˵Ĺעһ˾޽ڣҪȡǡ
ʮսԸоʵ࣬ͻ׵ʦס
ǣԴ콣һ߳Ƕ
ˣ
һ߳һ¥ǶܵģԾ쵽һΣյϢƣסԼ
ˣ
һͬʱһӰųǰһ󣬺ƴĽ
䣡
˲䣬һɺƴϢѹѹڽһ˽ɵĽϣʩԭΪ֮ȥ󣬵û뵽һ˽ɵĽȻֻҡһ£סˡ
Ȥ
һֻҰǰ󣬺ȻǼ޽ڵӡ
˭Ϊȥ·źҰһ䣬ĮȻʵ
ҰҰһƽûгôԴ󣬵üɫȴǲ٣ʤӹ𳽻ȳͼɵӣǬԪһţҲˣ޽ڵӵȣȫûпɱԡ
ҲˣȻҪ±Ұ
ˣһ˶¶ɱǿɲܰǵĹأǵֻгԣһУĮӡ


551 ͻ
һ£Իֵ
ǣˡһ˹˵
Ϊ𣿡ԿҰĳɶˣƽʵ
㡭ɶɫࡣ
Ȼǣ̨ϣǿǽֹ䶷ġҰɨ˳ɶһۣЦԳ˵ҲҪñ֪Ҿ޽ڣûк³ġ¡һǿ׵˳ϡ
ۣ
ɫһףһѪ
ˣ
һ˴ʧɫӽϡ
飡
Ұһӣѹһ˶һѪûнɽǣǺҰһ֮С
סҪͼսҾ޽ڵӣûʸ񡣡Ұ俴ųԣŸ񣬿˵
˵꣬תȥ
վסͻȻֱĿƵĶźҰıӰ˵ɸҽҵս
˵ʲôսҰһ£תĿ¶мĿųԣ˵ڵ㣬һֻ־Ϳɱ㣬⣬Ҫսң̤߽׵ʦ˵ɡ
º󣬸߽׵ʦ̨Ŀ¶˵ܵĳ裬ȫĮеս
˵ʲôҰʵ
ôˣЦ
ãȻ·ҾʹӦ㡣Ұһݣ˵Ҳ֪ﻹţģһĥġ˶٣˵Ǹ㣬Ǹ߽׵ʦ̨ʮʤߣսңȡʮʤʸ˵ɣ
㵨սʦ֣ˡ
ʮ㶼ʦɱ
ֱĿˣΪԼ˭֪Ķ
޽ڵӲмĿųԣ䳰ȷ
Ǹ߽׵ʦ̨ʮʤߣҲҪս㡣һƽȴһ˿أû뵽ҰȻǸ߽׵ʦ̨ʮʤߣһʵľսȻѾ˾ԾͲһ
ߡҰǹһ˿ɫ˵
ܿ죬˾͸ϺҰ뿪
Ȼǽֹ䣬ֻǷǳһͼͻѣԼʿֻǾ˳һںҰȾ޽ڵӣǿɾûǸˣǰǣҲòԾ޽ضԴ
ˣԲ𣡡
һһεվڳǰ
ǵĹߡԻ˵

˭ս߽׵ʦ̨ĺҰҪ֪Ǿ޽ڵ洫ӣڷǳǰе洫ӣʲôʸսҰ뿪ﲻãΧһɻʵ
˺Ǹոн׵ʦ̨ʮʤ߳ƺţ˵гԣ׵ʦôҰսһԻʮʤƺŵ˵
ʲôˣ׵ʦ͸սҰ˶ʱ˵ȵȣ˵Ҫڸ߽׵ʦ̨սҰѵܹڰ֮ڽ׸߽׵ʦУֻףҲǲܵİҺҰǾŽ׵ʦôܴ
һ˵̷ӦԲ׵ʦҳսŽ׵ʦĺҰⲻȡʲô
˵òôڰʱףһڻȡ衣
ҿԲһ֪ǺҰĶ֣˵սĻѾӳˡ
ҲûпܣǳҲ򵥣ΪĽūΪߣĳҵĴˡ
ϧԵҰˣ޽ڿɲǵģǽҴΣھ޽ǰϡ
⳽ˡ
۷׷ףûһΪԾ߱սҰʸ񣬱Ͼʵ̫ˡ
ߣǸȥ⳽Ƿˡʱһ
ߣ˻һ˶Ӧڳ
Ȼ֪⣬һʯ󣬽˿ջ䡣
ʲôȻûߣѵĴսҰɣ
ҿǲߣ߲ˣ˺ҰƸճǾͱɱˡ
˵üǣҰǸ߽׵ʦսҲǸ߽׵ʦѣȫԲڿջ
˼ûгǣڿջȻһȻǱֳĲмͳ
ͬʱϢҲͬһ㴫˴ǡ
ԣֱ֪ܶ
Ϊרһľ֣Ұͳ˵Ӯֱǣһٱһһһǧ
עһ浹ĶĺҰӮ
ԣȤذε֪Ϣȷ֮˽ԾǺԼһ֮ԵĳԺ󣬲һһ˿Ȥ
ʲôȻҪսҰ󻵵ϼһ˫Ĵ۾ɵôģд˲ŵɫ
湻˾ȵģѵЩСɵĵӶôԴ𣿡ϼҲڲסһ˿𾪡
ߣҵϣܹܺҰϼŷȭ˵
ⲻܣҰǾŽ׵ʦʵʵҲ£㳽ͻƸ߽׵ʦҲ߽׵ʦѣ޷ܺҰ̫ˡϼһڷ
ǰϼ޷ϼĻΪʵǰ
һУסڿջĳһ֪
Ҫͻ׵ʦ̤׵ʦ
һ㣬׵ʦȥ
䣡
ڵȫһõĴųȻֻһ㣬ȴ޷ơ
һʧܣ
һҪͻ׵ʦﵽ׵ʦ˲ƾڵĽ־̤߽׵ʦͺҰһϸߵ͡
־ᶨһδγ
ڶΣ
Σ
ߴΣ
ʮΣ
һ⣬ʧܸա
ԸоõԼѾ۷ʦ׵ʦֻһ֮һ֮Ȼ޷ͻơ


552 
һ˿âԴȡ˴䡣
ǵһǧݣҲ԰Լ
ǺԶƽ̴Ψһһǧݣͨ˷£ٿԳ꣬ƷҩмǧƷʯ
ԭҲ׼Ƶҩģڿǲܵˡ
Ȼֱݣ޷ݵļֵȫգµ񣬳ҲҲõķˡ
ݷУԿʼ
ۣ
һ죬ǧݿʼڣһɹɾ볽ԵڣʱԸоһֹ͸Уָоͬһ޴ˮͰװˮҪһ㣬Եĵͬһݵͬˮװĵ
䣡
һ죬ԶʱԺһһ̩дȫָоͬȪһ㣬˵
׵ʦ
˫ۣԸȫ̸оԼѾﵽ׵ʦĲΣн׵ʦļޡ
֪⻹ֻǸտʼѣﵽ׵ʦʲôҪǴﵽ߽׵ʦǧݵ޵ģ޷ͻ׵ʦ߽׵ʦ
һ㣬Ѿϵ
һʼôûнϣǧϣĽ־ŸԴҲΪˣŸΪ飬սҰ
Ľ־ʶС
һ㣬ʵһ㣬һĸڽ־ϣǽ־
ǺܷѾڽ˽Σع鱾ԴޣıԴ
һʣµľ⡣
¡
ԵĸоһǿͬһӤһ㣬һɳ
ͬʱԽҲһ
ڴ֮ǰ޷ʵǿܹˣҿʼգһʵı仯ǽıʡԴһ޶ԽĸԴڡ
ֽʣóԵĸ
̺꣬һ˿
˵־Ѿڽ־罣һ۲ӣᶨһǰ

ǽ
ԾͬһӤ缢ƿʵŽ־ⷽ棬׳ɳ
ʣʣʣ
˷Ľ𣬴ӳڴ˵־ϴ
ˡ
ƴĽɢһɻȻɵԳɢϯ
¡
޴׽٣һŽ֮Ӱ˳ǰɢ˫Ľ
߽׵ʦ
Ը֮УҲ֪ȥã˫ۣ˵Ұҵģҽʮ㡣Ȼ֪޽ڵǿ󣬵Ȼ壬һΪݳĴߣһη塣
ˣͻ߽׵ʦˣһʵ
šԵͷʵȥˣ
˻ʮ죡һ
Եͷʮʱͻף˿
ԭպͺҰԼʱǰ£ھԼʱ仹ʱ䣬ԾȹǰǶȡø߽׵ʦ̨ʮʤʸȻսҰ䣬ԿûʲôøС
ʮһû¶棬ȴһ֣ǣڴı
Ͼǵһ׵ʦݵˣսһŽ׵ʦǰҲ𶯡
֮󣬳Դ콣һ߳˿ջʱ˵Ŀ⣬Ϣһʮʮ٣һӾʹ˴ǣЩۿ̨Ͳμ̨ˣȻϤԵϢ
Դˣû⣬һǶ
Ƕ⣬Ƶߡ
̩Ȼһ˹ĸ
ˣ
һ֣˵Ĺע˫۾˳ԵϣһЩ֪֮ǰΪˣǴһϸ¶˲˼ɫ
߽׵ʦôܣǰֻ׵ʦ̶̰ʱôͻףһۿԺͳɱԵ߾
ע⵽Ϊ߽׵ʦˣֹһ϶¶֮ɫ
ôܣ츳Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˼飬ȻͻƸ߽׵ʦˡ
˾˭д츳Բ֮
۷׷ףǾȣ𾪣ţһǡ
ߣͻ߽׵ʦѵܴܺҰɣ
߽׵ʦȻҲǸ߽׵ʦ;Ž׵ʦ֮ĲԶ׼ģǺҰĶ֡
ҰʮʤߣͨŽ׵ʦĶ֣ο߽׵ʦֱûпɱԡ
ת˳ֱۣԳȻΪ߽׵ʦͺҰ֮ĲȻڣһ蹵Խ
һУԷ·ûһ㣬ûκεͣһ߽Ƕ
߽׵ʦôȤذε˽Ƕ⣬ųԵıӰ˵
Ȼˡϼ˵
㣬ѵҪͺҰԣϼʵ
ߣҲȥǲܹپϲϼõС֣˵ͺҰԣҪʮʤ߲У
šϼɵĵͷڽߡ
ͬʱΪǵʦ̨ĸ˿ָˣΪսҰ飬˲ٹڣƽʱʮ֮һһʲƵ롣
һУԴ̫֮ˣһǳ޽洫ӣŽ׵ʦݻǵλԺޱȣһȴǺޱ߽׵ʦĳԣһ˵Ŀ⡣
ʲôˣ߽׵ʦ̨Ұվ˸ĹâҲգȻҪҲ͹ֲҲˡ
ʦ֣ǿˣ߽׵ʦԹ޵˵ȻʦĶ֡
ĵֱ·ʦһҪúýѵһ


553 һ
߽׵ʦô֪ˡҰɫٴһ䣬ԽĺҪսңȡʮʤʸ񣬾ȿʵжǿûʸսҡ
ߣʦ֣òȥ̽˵
ʦ֣ʦֽ絽˰ǣסڿջò̽⳽ԡɵ˵
ǾŽ׵ʦʵȻҲһھͳֵĻһҲˡҰ֣Χˣ˵Ǿҵ̽·ʯ
ʦָ߼ɵ˷е
ͬʱ߽׵ʦ̨󲿷ֹڶ֪ԵĵҲ¼ʱڴ
ˣ
һֻ˵Ӱͨǰ
ȤСӣͼȲϴ˵ô߽׵ʦ̨ĲһŽʦǿߣн׵ʦ̨˳֮£̵鳽Ե֪ǬԪŵӵݡ
Ѿ߽׵ʦ˵츳ЩҲǸߵȰɡһ꿴˳һۣ˵һŽ׵ʦΪ¶ɣߣм꣬ͳһķΣȻĳɵĵӡ
ԣж¶֮ɫҪ֪λҷһ½һĵӣҷ磬ѾǾŽ׵ʦ洫ҲǰУѾ˴ϢõĲܾһ˵ҷ츳жˡ
һ̲סʵʦ֣ѵ츳߲ɣ
ǻ֪˭ɣҷЦ
֪ѵ𣿡Ծҡͷ˳һۣ̲סʵ
ǸɽʯҹǬԪУɲ٣ǰңʵǰУ֪ô£ΨǬԪԣʵڵ׵ĴڣԺἰҵɡҷ˵ˣǬԪʵǰΪǬԪڣֱӥšںţ⳽ԣ洫ӣһǬԪΪһš

ԣʱһԾĿųԣ߽׵ʦһţ
ҲΪһţһЦ
ǬԪҲˡһҲЦⲢǿ𳽻ԣǬԪʵ̫ˣһ߽׵ʦԳΪǬԪһŵĻôҷڲ֪ж˿ԺͳԱȼ硣
ҷЦЦ˵Ȼûм⳽ԣĵʶʵ߽׵ʦΪսŽ׵ʦеǿߺҰɲһ˿ġ
ʦôһ˵⳽ҲôЦԵһͷԣתһƽ볡ĳԣ˼ĵͷҲͬУǣɲսҰ
ͬʱҲв߾ڳԵĵ˳Ц֪Բ
·ûһ㣬Ѱ˸λ¡
֣ľͺҰһսʱֻذε˹
ԭذ֡Եͷ
еףɹذεЦһ˵
лذ֣ȡʮʤʸ㳩̸ԺȻ̨ɫƵᡣ
ãذεЦ
Сġһ˰ݵ
ԣд˳һۣͷ
ʮƷʯ̨
ǳԣһ꣬˽׵ʦմ֣ܶû¶˷ܵɫ֪ԼʵܹʤͿԣҲֻԱԵķʽǿԼʵսѡ
˵ԣ֪սҰ飬ոҪμӸ߽׵ʦ̨û뵽Ȼܹͳϡ
ģΪֻ߽׵ʦһףȻ紫еôҲֻн׵ʦ̨ѣ˸߽׵ʦ̨ɾûôˣΪǿƣΧɵͰڵ꿡ܡ
ÿһʵǿڸ߽׵ʦ̨ȡʮʤʸޱѵģοһ߽׵ʦڳģҲֹһô롣
ǰ˽׵ʦ򲻹͸Ǵʴʡ
߽׵ʦǿܹԽսҲУǶǳԳɣ⳽Ժޱ϶ûʵ
ҲһȻӦģҪˣн׵ʦ̨׵ʦʵȡʮʤʸɴ˿ɼҲô
Գ̨ϣۣ²ʵ
ųԵĵ̨ҲԽԽ˹ע¶ע
Ķˣ˳Ժ˵ĶעϾڴǶ֪ԣʧΪһ׬Ǯĺûᡣ
Ͷעʤ˺١
룡ɫȻ
ȳְɣǰ˽׵ʦȶԳ߽׵ʦ֣ƻЦЦС
ৣ
ûٿ˸
ܹЮ⣬գۼǰһ֪ԼС˳ԣַ̳¶̧𣬡ءһס˳µƵ̸оһɾҵĴʹӲһˡ
ʲôһб˰˽׵ʦ
˴һվһЩͶעܵˣڵͷ
ҲԲеôȻֻ߽׵ʦ
һۣͬͷһЩ˽׵ʦ룬Լܹһлͬ׶
һб˰˽׵ʦò˶ȤҲһ̨һЩ⡣
ȣ
˵Ŀ⣬ϲ¶ŭ֮ɫһۣʵʣ̳һɫ壬˸ߵ绡ɢƻϢ̧ͷ򳽻ԣһɫ
ಣ
ɫ̺µͬڵһ㣬ֱӽ顣
ৣ
ɫ䣬ûͣ£ٿȻһƣ˵һһε״̬ɫס


554 ܶ
أ
ɫըˣȴû˵Էֺ
ɫٴһ䣬һ֮ɫСﳽԣͬһȼĶ֣˫ƻ裬ƣܣγһǿĽɫ壬Сɫ绡˸ţһ㡣
ž
ĴУɫ巢ɹɿµϢɢ͵̧ͷ򳽻ԣĿ¶֮ɫȵȥʱǿĽɫһ򳽻ԣ̱ſɫˡ
ͣ
־˫ֳָɫĹâȼգͬʱ£ͬѹ˽ɫһأһ죬ɫ屬ըһȦǿĽɫɨ򳽻ԣ
¡
һ£ɫޣɫ䣬αˣԵٶȸ죬ֱӳǰһĳߵɳȥδܺصˣ֪֣¶֮ɫ˵л飬䣡
ԻʤΪ
£߽׵ʦ̨ʱ֮Уÿһ˶֪ԷսҰԲһջԼš
Ȼôϼգţһȵ˵
ΪѾûСˣڿһǵ͹Ǹ̬Сһϼϵ𾪣Լ͸ԡ
ѵȡʮʤͺҰһϸ£ϼ˵
ҲĿϼ˵
㣬û뵽㾹Ȼôˣɲ㰡ϼЦ˵
ߡϼߣҪϼ˵Ұһ㣬úÿɣҲܹǴ벻Ľ
Ȼʤˣ겻ŵ˵ʵţһڰ֮ǰһ׵ʦļһȻѾԴܰ˽׵ʦﵽȼŽ׵ʦĵزֱ
ⲻܡǾ޽ڹϵţڳԵϣоܵ裬Ҫ
ԭΪֻҪʦֳ֣״û뵽Խѵһ٣ҪսҰ󣬸Ѿ㿴ЦˣʵӶ󣬽£ͽ׵ʦܰ˽׵ʦ
ٶȣ˵Ϊֱ޷ϣʵˣţڳǰͬһʯӣʧȥĹâ
һΣԳԣһУǰδеĿ־Уһµĵˡ
ţŤ¶ɱ⡣
༸޽ڵҲһ𾪵Ŀųԣһۣ
ߣվϣȻһ㣬ȻϡҰɫҲѿһɫָųԣ˵
ͬʱ賽̨עͻȻԳѹӮˡ
֣ڴܺҰ龰ذεųԣ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵
ƽվ̨ϣһۺҰ¶ĪЦݡ
һҪ㸶ۣҰԭƽٴ¶һ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ͬһͷ˵Ұޡ
ȿȣսս̨пһ˵

һһѰ˸߳ٵӰ˳ĿУһʮӣƤڣĿ񣬻һУ˽׵ʦΪ¶ɣԸоȷǿһ㡣
ûйϵ˭̨޷ֹõʮʤʸ
롣
΢΢֣һɺƴϢɢȥȫ
أ
һ͵ߣһȭһƣ˺һɽһ㣬ѹȸУֻǼ򵥵һţܹһ죬̨𶯣·Ҫһ㡣
ٶȴúͬһͷ򳽻ԡ
ˡһĵէʱһâصϢӳųԶȥʱоƶٶȱ仺·һѹȸһ㣬һ齣ϯֶ佣
ۣ
һУظʧȻ˳ǰȭϣͬʱѹ򳽻ԡ
¡
һ齣糤һѶϣȭͷͬʱһȭ֣꣬أͬʱӶʱ˳ȥûͣͣ৵һ£ƽǰһ޴ĻӰѹ
أ
ٴαˣЩ԰ס
⣡
齣£Ľ⣬ûκӣʱ̨һƬԽޱȣ֮һ㣬Ƭӡ
ʲô
Ӵ󺧣Ҫܣ·ˣֻӲȭϯγһƬ֮ǽ

һƬУһѪҺ͡һһѪӷҽ˳ȥ
ʤе
Ƕ͹㣬һĸСһ˽׵ʦ̨սԡ
ʮкܡ
ĳ

߳
·޷ֹʤһ㣬漸˶ԴܣһЩˣĳ˶ʮУʮУ߳ʮУ˵ڰ˳һٶʮвŴܶ֡
һж˵ԵʵѾ쵽ˡ
⼸սУѺעʤӮ˲ʯ
ʦ֣޽ڵ˺ҰߣĿĿųԣʵ
šҰɫųԣ˵ȥʹʵ
ãߵͷʦַġ
ȫѾľÿΪԵļ޿쵽ʱܹǿ֣ܶ·ûֹһ㣬̽ʵʵڴܵڰ˸ֺȫžһЩ̨սȴ³ԵʵԶֹڴˣһͿص³


555 һжý
㣬ôôϼɴ۾ȵʵ
ҲܹȡʮʤͺҰһϸߵͣҰɲھ޽½ӵпڵλϼһӵĿųԣ˵
һܹܺҰϼһ棬һ˵ʵҺѵǺҰˣҲĶֲ֣֡
ϼԣЦЦû˵ʲô
֣ʵ̫ҵԤˣҶ̲סһսˡذε¶ս⣬˵
ʦ֣⳽Ҳ̫а˰ɣһҷڵ
ϣǬԪӲһôֱԳȥԱһҷڵ˵
ҲΪǬԪһŵԭɡҷ纬Ц˵
ҷڵԣųԣ˼ĵͷ
ȥɣҰųԣһĮ
һĮ߳ʮƷʯһ̨
Ǿ޽ڵӣ
ߵ̨˾޽ڵӵʵ̫ϳˣһЩ⣬һһ޽
Һ˵Ǿ޽洫ߣŽ׵ʦ½ߡ
ųн׵ʦ̨޽ڵӣǰһسӵģҲֹȡʮʤʸ񡣡
гɣߣʵǿĺҰ⳽ǰѾ޽ڸˡ
۷׷ףϾ޽ʵ̫ǿˣöݺܶɶԸ
ԣ
Ŀ䣬˸ɱ⣬ųԣͬһͷҰ޶ԼУԾǵȴɱ
ˣ򲻻¶Ц⣬̸ЦĿƵ˵㣬һ˵£δҲ̫߿Լˡ
£ҿµ㣬ԿһۣĿ䵽˺Ұϡ
Ҫ㸶ۣĿһٿȻ߳¶½ʼֽ󣬲һּٶųӶȥƺҪס
û뵽еĺһԣߵʵҪߵʵҪǿһӵʵһڹǿ
磬ıЧԶԶˮľ
ȴ壬Ϊ
⣬ѧǣǾлԺ˫ԼԺҲԷӳԼͨʵȴ͹˺Ϊƾѹơ
Ϊˮ˻𣬻ˮˮϨ𣬻Ҳˮǿ
ߵĺȻܰˮԴ޷޷ֹߵĹЦûõģ㻹óʵɣҲ뽣̡
֪һޣһһĽޡ
ԣڳܹԽս߲֣ΪĽޣʵͬ߸ֹ߳һס
߼Ȼ̨Լ̡
ͣ
һ·̱γһı㣬аѳ԰סơ
ȻǺ߲޽洫֮
ǰ⳽Եֵסˡ
ֹڴˣ
˼·磬׷׳ԣЩѺעʤߺڲѣҲԵʵǿûдﵽԴһŽ׵ʦĵز
ʦ֣ҪˡԱѹƣճޱȡ
ߣʦֵĺôֵܹס˵
ǺǣԭһΪԸҴһЩڴڿ㻹߱ʸ񡣡ҰҲһţϾԱֵ̫ǿˣ߶ܸĻľսԼʵڿԼ̫ˡ
㣬ѹסˡ̨ϵľ棬ϼüͷһ塣
ʵҲڴˣҲԣϾֻ߽׵ʦĴܾŽ׵ʦߣǿɾ˳Ծˡϼ˵
ǰѾǿˡϼͷ˵
ѵҪֹڴ𣿡ذε
ͬʱ˶ΪԽߵϡ
ԣһжýˣ
¶֮ɫһ˽ȥ˫£Ƭһͬ˳һ򳽻ϯȥ޴ĳֱ̨ͬʱѷ˳Խ¡

ɫ䣬˫ǣӿģȻһ֮쳹߽׵ʦ̨
ʣʣʣ
һУһԾ˫ƿϣʱ׳εǱ㣬ݺײ档
أ
̱ɢ飬ɫʣ߿ƣδκͣײߡ
أ
ɫ䣬⧲ײϣʱ˳ȥ

ͬһʱ䣬ϼͺҰɫһã¶һĨ𾪣ڳϣļɵ
㣬ôˣϼǵһμʧ̬ɻʵ
ûпĻ⳽Ըղʩչھѧϼ֮ɫȥ͵ڣֻݵ˿һƽ̣һɵĺѡˣȻһѡˣû뵽⳽ԾȻһ
ƽ̺ѡˣû뵽⳽Իݡϼ˵
ͬʱҰʧ̬Ҳ˳ɵ˵ע⡣
Ұˣ;
ʲôһƽ̺ѡ֮һɾ
ߣʦ֣ŲһСɶѣ⳽ƽ̺ѡΣǰɱˣҾ޽Σ˵
Ұͷ˸ɱ
ͻȻתߣ˶˷


556 ʮʤʸ
ɶ񣬳ԣŭҡɫЩ԰ףעӳԣһ˵ţһȡ˱ϵľ޽
ɫأޣ֮ԱΪޣΪʹûʹ£ʵԵٿΣԳĻʵͲô򵥵ˡ
ৣ
޽ӶһΪ̨ϳһѷ죬Ŀųԣ˵ڣһнʱˡ
֣
ߴһ˫ս޾ռ䶳ᣬһʣһִĺ϶£һ޴ĺֶ£ͬһ޴İԲ壬˸
¡¡
£̨ҡУµĺϮ
ǣ
һϻȼգһĨȫϢɨķȴֺ
ûˣɣ
ɭһЦ˫ƲϣǾ޴ĺųԼѹںϣ޴ѹռխóԼ
ʣ
һ齣ڳС
ߣڲ뵽ý⣬ǲ̫ˣһӿӴ󺮱ֵѹ̨ᣬǿļѹ鳽ֻʣ²׵Ļռ䣬ϡ˼㣬ӿһĨ˪
⣡
ɫȻ齣Ӷǣ齣ڣһǿĻȾ
ã
ɫ䣬αˡ
أ
˵˲䣬ֱըǿķ籩ɨϣֱһѪ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
ȫʱһƬžһƬÿһ϶¶ɫ̨ϵĳԣӿ˵һ
ͳɼ˶λϣɴ۾ԼһĻ
Ұһ࣬ҧĿ죬˫ȭ˿˿Ѫ֮˿վߣ˵գȻ̨ص߲ܲˣ뿪˸߼ʦ̨
ɲ֪ԼվģͬʬһںҰ
꼸˽߷̨ҿһۡ
㣬Ӯˡϼ۾˵
кϷˡϼֻ˵һ䣬߰ɣڴͺҰıԡ
أϼ˵
ߣ˭ûȤϼЦ
Ŷϼ˼ĵͷŽ߽߳׵ʦ̨
ϼԣԴߺֻͨľŽ׵ʦ̨սԴܡ
ʮʤߣ
ԳɾƺţսҰʸ
ȡ֮췽սҰϢ
ܿ죬Ұͽ˳Եսʱ䶨ʱΪһѹϷ
ڲһʱ䣬ս޽洫ӺҰϢͬһϯǡ
¶ĳĶעԽԽߣһʢ
ԵĶעҲһһ٣һʮҰĶע䣬ѹסʤ˲Ϊ䲻Ǿ޽洫ӣһһ߽׵ʦ̨ʮʤߣʵӹɡ
۳ԣȻߣ˭֪˵ǶŽ׵ʦĻôҰǶŽ׵ʦ
һ㣬Ӿ޽洫ͿԿ
һҹ޻
ڶ죬ǽǶδе֣˳纣Ħ࣬˺һͷǸһ
߽׵ʦ̨еϯȴҰͳԵĵ
⳽ԾʲôȻܹƾ߽׵ʦΪͺҰ޽ڵ洫һϸ£Ӧò֮ɣ
ǰҲֻһڳڰǵģһ֣ȴû뵽ôĺ䶯ֱǲ󡣡
ô˵ҰʵǺǿģѰŽ׵ʦԱġ
ԺͺҰδ˾Ѿˡ
ϾǬԪݶԣһ㲻ϣȻû˵ˣΪˣⳡԵĿ㣬ۿ򼴱һŽ׵ʦԾҲǵע⡣
Ұˣ
һУҰڣɫƽκǰС
ɵȾ޽ڵ࣬һֲ
ԣ
һ˾ֻһ߽߽׵ʦ̨һںǵʵǿ˲٣ﵽ׵ʦĳ̶ȡ
ڳˣ֪⳽ܷܺҰ
ϣҰܳһ޽洫ӵݿɾͶˡ
ǰȻֿԵĻʲ󣬵һֵü
˳֣̽˸߳󲿷ֶúҰӮһЩϾʵݰһΪҲתǬܺҰϾǱʵޣⲻ
̨ϣ߽߼ҵıȶȴδ˵Ĺע
ϼϼѾҷ硢ذε˶˸߽׵ʦ̨ĿⶼڳԺͺҰϡ
ڣһʮʤߵ

ȫڣΪµʮʤ߷ڣΪĿĳԺͺҰһսҪʼ˶ڣΪǵһ̣Ѿ˺ܾá
ʱлˣȫƽ˵ҰԼս߳ϳ
£ǧ˫۾˺ҰǳԵϡ
Ƕƽһ̨
ԣҰŶĳԣĿһ˿ҲɭޱȣܺãȻûʧȻߵһҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
㣬һо͵ΪֹˡԵͷ˵˵ģһһҪһ㡣
ҲɣҰɫ䣬˵֪ݣҲ֪ҵݣȰ㣬ҪԽˣҪôߣԼûкô꼰ߵˣҶȰ棬ϣܹס


557 Ұŭ
ҲҪ㣬κ˺ߵˣ⵽ıʲôˡ˵
ãܺãҿ㵽кģ˵˴󻰡ҰĿ߳ɭһǿķϢɢڽޱȣҰһޣһǿĽޣҲȡʮʤʸ
¶һĨɫʣϢͿԶ϶Ұ˽⣬Ѿﵽгɣֻǲ֪ԣԡ
ҲһޣôԽˡҰȡ˾޽ƿϵͭɫȥǺܷɢһصȻһĹŽƷ͡
ôһٶ˵ע⡣
κ֪һ߱ԣȽһ̽óʵҰ㻹δԣѾȡ˱ʵںٳ֣ȵǿߣͨΣ˵һϢĶֺǿͬһĶ֡
ԣ˶ܳԾ
ҰȻˣ
ûɣҰν˵ѾѳԵԼĶˣ
⳽Թ£Ұɵ
۷׷ףɵȾ޽ڵҲһ𾪣š
Ȼˣ⳽Ѿõͬ󰡣ϼЦ
ǰ⻵ȻҲǺټϼĹ˵
⳽ôǿҷڼӾ
ٱȺҰ˶٣ҷ˵һսҲĸʡ
֣ڴһսذεĹŵ˵
̨Ұ·û˵ĿƵĶųԣ˵Ҳɣ
ৣ
ûпҲûгɣ齣γˮһ㣬ԳĺҰҴ⡣
˵޵ʵ֮
ʣ
Ұľ޽īɫĽޱȣ⻪ˮһ޼᲻ݣƲɵĽ󿪴ϣٳʵҽǣ޼ѰҲκε
ԿԸоԽ̶ҪǿԼڽһ־ȴ޷ͳȣ֮
ԣ
Ұ޷˳ԣʩչ˽УһâţѤõ̻һž϶򳽻Խȥ
齣ٿȻӭϣûŽУһءһը̶̵һν棬˭Ҳκβ˭
˾̾һЩδעˣɲѹԻʤѹҰʤˣ̫ңҧóһʯѹԻʤ
򽣹ԣ
Ұ貽⣬ȫ罣壬Ž̺ɣϵھ޴е£Я޽ת޴һ㽣ݺ鲼˷ϣ̨С

̨һѷ죬֩
¡
޾ۣγһִĽʵ貣Ȼ£ն򳽻ԡ
ǣ
ͬʱҲʩչǣȫͬȽ̫ķţʩչУ潣Ԫ
ԴУԴͨԻѹγһ壬ø֮ʵ뽣֮УγɽԪȻںϣ㴴潣Ԫ
һʩչȵĻͷĽͬʱãϢֱֲӽµĴִ롣
ৣ
̤ƽҰ
ʲô
Ұɫһ䣬һӿŽУϢ£ʵɳĽȻ£ϢƵֱ̨֮ӳһ޴ѷ죬һּٵٶȱƽԽ¡
¡
ɽھ˷ʮɿռ䡣
޽
ɫģȻ齣ˮӶ黯ͬӰȴʵڣ齣ģ齣ãͨ׳齣ͨʩչѧͨգתãγһָá
ںҰٴʩչǿĽʱͬϢ齣
ôܣ
Ұ𺧣ųȻԼһ㲻𣿡
˭ģһЦƽҰ
ɶ񣡡
Ұŭգŭ˼㣬ԳԵĲƽȥЯ޾ҵϯͬȳһ㡣
ಣಣಣ
ƵĽӵϣԽɷ۴⣬ԶԶ͹齣Ĺ֮ĹӴ齣ҲѸټӴγǿĽ
飡
ҰһŽ̻һ㱬ըֱǽ黯޽顣
ߣҰһƽԡ
¶һ˿֮ɫɫһ֣Լ̫С˺ҰȻ齣ֵĹȴһȱݣǾڶչ֮䣬޽ûκڵġ
ֻҪֿԲ׽һ㣬ͿƳ޽ȻҰҳȱݣǾ޽洫ӣʵսḻ
Ҳ١
ܹƾ齣ܺҰŻ֡
ž
ڴʱҰһķһ֮һһɿµĻϢϾȻơ
磡Ծ
û뵽ɣǡǡ硣Ұ¶ſ֮˿Լĵ⣬ЮŽ£ն³ԣҪ롣
¡
ƴֶ׹˷ܾͺһӵпֲҰܾһ߶ǿƻԼٶȱƽԷ
ž
䣡
ȻըֲˣȾķ̨һ֮·Ҫѿ


558 ܺҰ

ȫڣû뵽ԺͺҰȻսƽɫǵȫ෴
ɵȼ޽ڵɫ˼㣬ǰ߸Ƿ񣺡ҾǺʦֵĶ֣һһͿأ
ʦֻûóʵǺʦֵĶ֡꼸˾ǵͷ
ǿʵҷ˵
ʦ֣߽׵ʦһҷڵӲʵ
ǰ߽׵ʦôǿʵģһͬе˵
Ҳϣˣȷȷʵʵ߽׵ʦҷҲе𾪣Ҳ˴βܾӲпᡣ
ԣ¶⣬ܾȻһأȴΣķȥף߳Ļʿ˵ʮһ˵ǰֻأܹȥҲûǸų
湻˳Ծģļ޵ذε˵
ͺҰսȻ·磬ʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɡϼһԾ˵
ѾӵµȾŽ׵ʦʵϼɫЩأ˵Ҫǣֻ߽׵ʦͻư˽ףŽ׵ʦĻ½ʦ֮µһˣûĶ֡
㣬˵ôϼԾʵ
Уֹϼ˵츳ЩΪǵӽ֪ĻƲ֪ʲô顣
ǰڴϼ˵
ʮ꣬ű𡣡пųԣҲòʮ꣡
̨ϣҰŭӳԣͷȼգţҲԸţһ߽׵ʦȻԼ£ͽܵ˿´Ÿǵ޷˵
ԣҳԼȷʵС㣬һսһҪ㡣Ұ˿ĿƵĶųԣһֵ˵ɣս
ԸԵ
¡
һǿӺҰɢйŽ趯ɽƶӿ
ʣ
ɢ˽ϣγһǿĽ֣ںҰϡ
罣⣡
һУµ罣ⱻҰ˳һ㣬Բƥеѹ򳽻ԣȻг罣⡣
¡
ͬʱʩչ⡣
ûеõ־֮ʱԵĽѾﵽС۷壬־ֱ֮ͻгɽ⣬Ҿ߱ͬնȻԵ罣⣬Բ塣
̨Ͽշ·Գһأγɹµ
ˣ
ƴʵ޼᲻ݣӭ罣⡣
䡪
Խ⣬ݺһ𣬾춯صıըһΪޣ̨Լٹѣ³µ˼㡣
ৣৣ
ڹ˺â֮УҰͳԶ˵˶ǰɫ԰ףϢ٣ƵĿŶĳԣɫȻҲЩ԰ףȻûкҰأһ㣬˶ˡ
˻
󲿷˵һţҰȻ·ˡ
⳽ʵ̫ˣȻѹ˺Ұ
ҰǶˣȻһ߽׵ʦѹƣصţҿôܾ䡣
һԳ˱仯Ҳ⳽ܹܺҰ
۷׷ףʼֳ֧Եߡ
ʦˡλϣֱ㶵˵
ʦֻûܣоûóֻҪʩչһԴܳԡҡԴĿ˵
ԣʦֲܡ꼸˷ͷ
˶Сϼ˵
ţҺսǺҰ⻵ǽ㡣ϼͷ˵
˵⣬ģϼһ㶣һ룬ԼܷܳԣǣԼҲ޷Ԥϡ
ҪʧˡԵ˵
ᣬԲᡣҰ˻ƣųԣĿɭеĹŽɢϢĽϢɫڷͻȻ쳤Хµĺ·Ѿʧȥǡ
նɱ
һ𣬺Ұ˫ֿŽ֮趯һ罣εһһ㣬ž죬˲һܼ״̬һʮɳâ¶
ɣ
Ұһ˫ŹŽһӣʮ۶ɵĽ£˺ء
Ԫ
ɫƽһǿԼڻ㣬һֶ¡һʮ罣Ȼ䲻һ֡
أ
һԪըʮ罣̻ͬһ㱬
ৣ
Ա˺Ұǰ˵ˣ
Ұ
أ
齣£ҰһѪɳȥҲ޷
ʤи

ȫȻڡ
Ұˣ
Ϣ˲䴫߽׵ʦ̨ԼٶȴСͽ׵ʦ̨
˶ȴܲܣҰ˳С
ʦְˡ·ʧ˻һ㣬
ܣܣôɴ𣬲ԸܺҰڳϵʵΪҰǰһΨһϣϣˣ޷ܡ
ҲѾעֻǲԸȥܰˡҷ翴˳һۣٿŵ̨ϵĺҰ˵
ˣ׵˾޽ڣ½⵽޽ڵĴһ˵
궼ͷ޽ڿǼŽģҶ令̣ûɣԴܺҰ洫ӣ֪þ޽ڶ˶ӣ޽ڻʹ˰𣿴𰸣Ȼǲᣡ


559 ʷǿ
߰ɡҷ˵
һ뿪˸߽׵ʦ̨
̫ˣ⻵Ҳн졣ϼһ˵˵
Ÿոտʼ߰ɣáϼ˵
ϲˡһ˵
֣ףȡ˱ʤذεǰ˵ߣͣһףܺҰףʶ
ŶذֲΪ鷳𣿡ԲĿذεһۣ˵
ذεһ˶ˣʲô޽ڣֻΪʶ㡣ذεЦ
ãذѣҳҲύˣ룡Ц
ջ
Ժذε̸
ֱ˲ŻؿͷϢ
һ죬֮ǣɾľ޽洫ӺҰȴǵЦ
һУúҰŭޱȡ
ԣҰݼŤɭ˼㣬ɢϢ
ʦ֡ɼҴһڣ֪Ұ洫ӣ츳ߣ磬Ȼû뵽һĳϣֱɱҪܡ
ұҪҰ˵
ǲ֪ʦôʵ
ɱ˵꣬Ұ¶ŭ֮ɫϽ˵ҵ˼ǣ˰ǣ취ɱ
ԣҰƳһۣ˵ɱδ̫ˣҪúõĥ˶٣˵ҷųϢܹܳԣҺҰԸǧƷʯ
ʦֺüƲߣڰǣҲҪùǡ깧ά
Ƕȥ졣Ұӻ֣޽ڵӹȥ
ڶ죬ڿջУǶʿ֪ͨӦսս
տʼԲ֣ϾкܶΪʮʤţᱻٵսҲ⣬˺쵽˲ԾӦΪЩսÿһӵмǿʵھŽ׵ʦеٮٮߡ
ʱذεǰҰ˴顣
ԭˡһУ֪ǺҰڱԼ
޵󱲣Լҳ㣬ȴձ˳ֱ֣һСˡذεŭ
ˣغС˼ƽϡ԰˵ȻҾͳȫ͵һɡ
һԶʮ˵ս˶ʮʤߵĳƺţõһʯõڰڹϵŻҰ֪Ժ߲ѣûнѵɾֱŭա
֪һ¹ȥ
㴫ɵҲǰսһⶼܡ
õսѾȡʮʤĳƺţҲǽһӵд˳ƺŵսߡ
óԲõʮƷʯӵڰһţһߵŻݡ
ͬʱԸоԽʵѾﵽ߽۷ʦĳ̶ȣֻһͿ˽׵ʦʱʦ֮µһˡ
ԸоԼûаһˡ
սȥȥԻ˰ʮʤߵĳƺš
׬ȡʯѾﵽʮƷʯѾԶԶʦӵеĲƸ
ҲǳԼսԭ
ܹǿʩչ飬ܹ׬ȡʯֶΪ
Ѿ˴⣬ԽΪһʤߡ
һЩо߶֪ǲóô򵥾ͻðʤģĹأʮʤ󣬽Ƕĸ˾ͻڳ°ֹս߻ȡʤĳƺš
ԭܼ򵥣һʤߣȻðǶʧҲǾ޴ģսΪǰʮÿһðʮƷʯʮʮʤһһʮƷʯʮʮٶʮƷʯ
ʮǾʮÿʤһѾǸߴʮƷʯʤÿһһǧٰʮƷʯ
ϸֱһ֡
֮⣬ʮʤһǧƷʯʮʤǧƷʯʮʤǧƷʯ˳ʼε
˰ʮʤȻʮǧƷʯ
ȡþʮʤǿɾǽӽʮƷʯʤǸߴʮƷʯ
ⲻϰǾٰʦ̨棡
ԣÿսУսǿߣðʮʤ󣬾ͻ⵽ʷǰģսߵս
ÿһ˶ڸ˴Ӹѡֹ˻ðʤ
˿̣ȻѾв˱Ǿٰʦ̨棬ԸѾʼ֯ǿսϣֹȡþʤ
һݻķƻƮ졣
ˣ˵ġгϹ·߽׵ʦ̨Ĳйݳһᣬ˵ûĻҵȾͰгˡ
ϹʮˣһǰԼĶŽ׵ʦǿߣһ־ڣɺ͸ʵǿĵӡ
ҷ磿һ˵ӺҷڵӣۺʵǶ٣
ˣҷǾŽ۷ʦǿߣҷڣ洫Уһϰڣɼȡʮʤʵ˲٣ӦܹȡðʮʤͳԵʵ޼гϹ˵
š˵ͷ˵ϼ洫ϼ
Ůȥ°ǣʱĳɼʮųʤʱ꣬˭Ҳ֪ʵʵ˼ͬʱľŽ۷ʦ֡гϻص֮⣬༸Ҳһʱ֮ٮٮߣʵףһ𣬶ȻԴܳԡ
ţãͰȥǰɣ˳ͷ˵⳽Ѿ߽۷ʦ֪ʵǳСӦԣʧܡ
ǣ˷ġ½뿪ȥ˵ϵˡ

ڣĳҿջڡ
ϼϼסĹ
ųĲгϣϼûпڣϼҲͬԹŮһԱߣ뷢԰׵ĲгϣĴ۾żһò̲ס˵ߣҽֶԸԣǿɱóӦıС


560 ǿ˲
ȻȻгЦ˵ϼҰǸıƷʯ֪Σ
ƷʯУ̫ˣҲðƷʯϼ˵
ˣֻҪ㰲ҵһ̨սһʯҲաϼҡҡͷ˵
ãһΪгˡ
㣬ôһʯҲأϼ̲סԹ
ˣ⳽Ե츳ǽһˣЩνһţôҲԵˡϼЦ˵
Ŷϼ˼ĵͷȴǲΪȻ̲סҲ̫߿Ǽһ˰ɣ
ԣϼݸһЦ
ͬʱҷҷҲӵ˲гϵ룬ЦңټϱϼڵϼԼʦǿߣ˵ǿˣ⳽Ѿ˵עˡ
ǲ֪ŹΣгʵ
ãҲһ⳽ԵʵӦ롣ҷһ£˵
ƷʯŹ£ǡг˵
ʦ֣֣һҷڵʵ
ţ⳽ʵ죬Һ̨ʹսһҷͷЦ˵
һڲƽٶʦǿ߶ӵ˲гϵ룬֯ǿսߣսԡ
һУԶ֪
ڶ쵽߽׵ʦ̨λûһࡣ
֪Щսԣ
ٺ٣չǿһսϣɹǰʤߣɲĻʣǰٷ֮ʮţ⳽ǿӦ޷ɹ
ɲһϾԵʵһֱһԣû֪ʵ
ǰҲܹΪһʤߡ
˴⣬۷׷ף˵ԽֹڴˣϾǿϵս˵һ㣬ʮʦǿսһˣԳսķʽֵܹĻʣСĿ
Ҳ˵Եʵʵ֪޷ԤһսĽ

ͻȻȫڣ˵Ŀⶼڡ
ֻԺذεһһ߽
һ£ڷƮƮȻòͨȴ̺лȻɵĽƣʹһĪһ֣˵ע⡣
һǰУƽվ̨һ
ǿ˲٣
˷ֳԵƸǿˣɾѵͻ߽׵ʦﵽ˰˽׵ʦ
ӦûûУҲȥԶˡ
ǿ£߽׵ʦдʵǴﵽ˽׵ʦҲֻЩ洫Ӳſȼˡ
ǰһµĶ֣֪սЩˣܷ
ƽգֻǳһ£ٴηˡ

ͻȻ糱ˮȥ
վ̨ϵǰʮʤ¼ıߣԣг˵ʼʮʤڶǿߵսܹȡյʤĿԴ
˶٣˵ڣʼս
վ̨ϣһƽȴһλսߡ
֪ԼѾ˰ǵע⣬սʧ˰ǵ档
ԣһսУԼǿ֡
ڴһλսԼ˭
˭
˶ѲţһλսԵ˵˭ΪԵʵĿãͨľŽ׵ʦ߸޷ֹǰеĽŲеΪһλ̨սԣȻŲʵ
Ǳϼڵϼ
ͻȻһߺ𣬳˾ȡ
ĿͬʱƵһӰϣһɫϼ£վͬһͬһϼ
һλս߾Ȼϼ
϶¶֮ɫԺﶼȥ°ֵ꣬һλŮӣһ֣ȡʮʤһ·߸裬ֱʮųŰڰǰŵһλŽ۷ʦϡ
ǳսҲûпμ̨ɼ˶֪˰ǣڴϳû뵽Ȼһֵķʽٴε̨
˶һ򳽻ԣ¶˲پʹâ
˶֪ǵһսû뵽ǾͰһʵǿĶ֣ô༸˭
ԭ˾ΪԲȡþʮʤҲʤѣսһ;
û뵽һλսȡʮųʤϼǻȥ°꣬ȥʱ䣬ʵûȻﵽһߵĳ̶ȣʦҲֻһ֮ˣʵǿ˼㣬ʮпܾڴˡ
Աذܣ
һҡͷ̾Ϣ
ȥʮųʤߣʵ֪ϼûκεϣֻǲֶ֪ܹ೤ʱ䲻ܣ
ԱߵԵͷȷųûʤĻᡣ
ϼǱϼڵ洫ӣʵΪǰ֣ԼʵǿҲûлᡣҷڣһ꿴ҷ磬ʵʦ֣˵⳽ֶܹʮغ𣿡
༸Ŀ⿴ҷ磬Ц˵ʵҶ֪ǳ޷ȣڳǿûʤϣֶʮغϻпܵģƵĻҲʮغϣ޳ʮϵĿܡ
궼ĬϵͷʮغϣѾǶԳߵˡ
ѾҪҳˡҷЦ
һذεųԣ˵֣ϣܹҴľϲȻһʧġ
ߣҿôӦҰĶųԡ
ʦַģԲϼĶ֡
ʮغϣذܡ
СӾΪֹˡ
ͳɵ˶ŭ޵ĿųԣĿ񶾡


561 һ
ϼ󷽵վ̨ϣųԣϣŵ΢Ц˵ϼϼ
ųԣ롣һ˵һߴǰϼ
һŮˣۡ
һϮɫٲһڼͷɢĹõ˿֯ƷµٴЦݣһ崺ĸоĸͤͤ˺׽
һ˵㣬ս޽ںҰԭΪûһϣû뵽㾹ȻҳһҾȵĻں棬㾹Ȼһǰ֣ܶȡʮʤߵһϼû̶ֵӣЦ˵Ҫ֪Ҷûȡõĳɼ
ˡһƽûΪϼĿ佱¶һ˿⡣
ԣҺڴһսֱңʵǿô򵥡ϼ˵
ҲɡԸһģɵĻش
ʼɣϣʧϼ˵
ȫ˵ĿⶼڳԺϼ˵ϣгҲ⡣
ϼܹһսܳԣ԰кôģڴǷı֡
ৣ
˵ĿУһˣΪ֪ϼֻ֣ȳ֣һߣϷ׹⣬µ˲䣬ſһɫĹΡ
ˣ
ϼˣַȥţ΢΢һЦ˵ɣ£һɲϢɢǰָһ׹⣬ͬһֻһ㣬Ȼ£򳽻š

齣׵ĳ֮䣬޲ĵϼ¡

ϼת˫ֻӶʮָһһ׹£齣ϣⱬӿ׹ӿ
սʽΪ򵥵ķ⳽ԵĹóԵĹա
ͷԾȴе⣬Ͼ߿ʮųʤߣսȻḻ쳣ƾ˼򵥵ĹܹѹԲž֡
οΪˣǰȻԾĻ᲻࣬ǣ־ǳ˿Աȼġ
򣬾սĹأԼһսٳȻﵽһߵĶ㣬ȻһǷȱսȴÿʱÿ̶ţʩչʽҲӵĳͨ쾡¡
ˣ
ײѤõĹ⻪Ժϼ˷˿
ԣһй⻪ҫ
紵һͷ˿Ʈϼ΢̧Ѥð׹Ŷͬһһ㣬ಡһһ뻡ι⻪ų˺Ѷȥ
ৣ
齣ӶӿȽȽ𣬾һȵĻ潣һգ͡һŰ׹ײһ𣬡ءһͬʱɢ
˲䣬ϼͻȻٶȱǣƽԡ
ߣϼѾ֣һֲ˶á˵
ɵ
ҰĿ䣬һ
Ҳ¶飬Ϊ֪ϼѾʼˡ
ϼĴ۾һĿųԣ뿴λһС

ԽĽ齣ʿǰӷϼ߳ٳųԣϲޱ˫趯ϼţ߲ʺϼһ㣬ſн԰ơ
ǣ
ԴӳԴ潣Ԫ֮ǾͳΪСʽҲʺ̽ʵѧ
⣬һҲˡ
ڻ֣ȫ齣ϸһ棬֮ɢǽɢһɷ֮ƣȻֻ򵥵ĽУ֮ʩչҲǳֳƷϽѧ
ϼʩչƷȻҲͨʽԱģϼ˫ּͬբĺһ㣬к¡
¡
𶯣ϼ糱ˮӿ
ͣ
齣£ǣγһԲйϼγһǿѹ
أ
Ȼըϼ˳ȥ
¶һ㾪ȣΪ֪ϼʵֹڴˡ
ϼȴ¶һĨصɫųԣ˵ԣʵѾһŽ׵ʦڴ߳ǬԪһ죡
һģ
Ŀᶨۻ룬һľֱû˸һĻ
ϼδ񳽻ᶨԼĿ⣬·һ㣬ûκε覴á
в¶˾ɫǰһֱôעǬԪڵţֻʵ̫ˣȫĹעΪµӣȻҲȫڵӣȫû뵽žȻ񳽻ĵӡ
ģϼڵĳȻ޷Ͷɵŵӱ⣬ʱձȻһ¡
ڴԳɳӣ˵ģڴ߳ǬԪһ졣
ãУ
ϼĵͷб̳Ҳڻ㣬â֯γһϼ⣬糯̨
أ
ϼɣȪһӿ齣ϣʱ貣ѿ
ֱֻһ𣬿ϼ¶Щɫ
û뵽һŮӵȻ֮󣬳Բӿ齣Уţۼৡһ£˳ȥʱһ˺ǰϼ⣬ϼХȥ

һ磬һĴڣ̨ƽֳѷ
ĺãˮһ
ϼһбתХһɹɫâɢˮưɢȥһƬյش

ɫâ·ʵڵĽһ㣬һ𣬾Ȼ֮˸Ƭâʱǽ꣬â糲¡£̨һѳһѷ
˶ǳһû뵽ԾȻͱϼ洫ӣʮųʤϼ൱ֺвڴ
ɵȴĿһɭԲ


562 µ
ˣҰһ˵ԲŸտʼѣϼļлûʩչһʩչԶȻĶ֣ذɣ
ԣʦ˵öԣԱذɣ
һģԲǵСس֮ˣϼĶ֣
ߣ䶨ˣʱһѽÿ
ɵһ̸͡
֮еҷҲ¶˼֮ɫȻûϵܿͱȵսûҷ洫ӣ츳ΪڳԣԼĽ
ڴͳһս
еĲ߻ߣ̨ĸҲһֱһڹעųԣģΪϼԴܳԣȴǶҡˣ漴ҡͷ˵Ϊϼڵ洫ӣԲֹʵԾԲĶ֣
Ϊ볽Խֵϼӳˣ˵ԣҪʩչˣСģ˵գһ񻽿Ծϼ´ͬһĺһ㣬䷲
ϼɣ
һԽĺ£ֻŮϼ棬һõӰһȦȦɫϼԲη俪쳹һƬƬԲʮɿռ䶼ϼ⻡֣һϼ
ˡ
ʱֻɫϼĿһɼΣյĸоϮͷ˶ɫϼȴ縯֮һ㣬ֺ
¡¡
ϼɫ֮߳ٳ棬ʱоһǿϼԼϣȻѹ¡
꣡
Ӳ̨Ȼܲסϼѿ
гϴ󾪣ڷɶһָ£̨ϣγһθң̨ķҲֹ̨ͣ˲
˼һĻǾվֱ㶵Ŀ̨ϵһĻ
ɫϼ⻷ϼܣͺһһ㣬Ķֳԣɫϼ֣һ˺
̫ˣҪˡ
ɵ˼˸˵˼㣬Ұ¶һĨЦݡ
䣡
ȻϵЦֻͣһ£һը죬ֻԾȻӲģһȭ俪ɫϼ֣һȦȦȭȥͬˮһҪϼû
ʲô
˶󾪣г϶ݡ
ϼɫ΢䣬漴бתһȦȦϯγһʮɵɫ磬ˣ̨֮ѿ򳽻ɹȥ
䣡
ԴһáԾӿȭͷֳһâʵһ㣬ӡӡģһӣɫϣءһըѿʮɸߵĻˣ̨Ϊһ硣
ãҵıϼԣ
ϼ˳һۣоȻ¶֮⡣
˵꣬бһȦȦ⽣ֳ֮һϼһ㣬ųɹԣϯķ̷պŵˮһ
ˣ
򳽻ԣһˮͰϸɫ¡ռ̨·Ҫһ㣬ǰĹڱŵ˵ȥŽ׵ʦҲ̫ǰΪѾǴв
ôֵҰĿĶųԣݺݵ˵ɲΪֵܹס
ҷذεҲעųԣ뿴׻ʩչʲôľԵֵϼһС
˶עųԣ
ʡ
ͻȻһ쳹ķ
ֻ齣˳ϣһ翵Ľɢٵâ
齣
ԵĿǳ·͸֣䵽ϼϣһ˵ĸоֱһͬѰ
ʵҲˣ齣ǳǰ֮񽣣ƽҲ޷齣޷˵ֻ֪齣һܹתΪãһŲ֪
̽齣İأֻתΪöѣˣ齣ҲǾˣٷƷн׽ˡ
ݣ
齣£磬齣ӷһΪʿϡ
꣡
齣ķֱϼ롣
ϼһ齣˳ȥ
ʲôô
˾Ӷˣû뵽ԵĽֱ޼᲻ݡ
ȻƵһˡҰɫһӾͿȥĿ˸ɱ
ãذε˷ܵĴһ˿ڴͳԴսһ
Ȼֻû뵽Ȼǳšҷ˵
༸꿴򳽻ԣҲ¶𾴵ĿϾ磬һжǿΪ
ϷˣԴӲѰߵ۹ҲΪ߽ͨ׵ʦгĿ˳һۣ˵ֻǲ֪һδŵܷסǰĽŲڴ
ϼһУ
̨ϣһƽĿϼΪֵס˺һУͽ
ףԷʵԶֹڴˣȻԼҲǡ
˿ȴǸóһЩгʱˡ
˵գֱۻչ齣̧֮ӿ罭춯ȵĻͷĽͬʱӳȥƬƬȵĸ̨涼ˣҷ
ǿĽУ
ϼ̸оǿ¶ǰδеأעųԡ
Ľ齣²ȴûӿȥһһĲγһ޴Ĺ̺ͽһ⻡ڱߣ糤һ¡


563 Ҫз
ǿϢʲôУҷü˵
ѹܣûдﵽʦôѹһŽ۷ʦԾ˵
ԪǽԪһȻǽ޵ֱվĿɿڴĿųԣ˼˵ܣ޿ܣнԲڣô۳Ԫ
ⲻǽԪȴʤٱӦǽڽͽԪ֮䡣һḻϽü˵һѵһĽţǧѵһ
Ϊߣ罣ޡޡǹ޵ȵȣһ⣬ֻҪûͻʦ޷ԪҲ޷ԪǹԪ֮ȴӲԪ֮䣬һֽ֮
Ǵδйģ˿֪˵ˡ
һУԶ֪
䣬ڽͽԪ֮ǿնϼ
䣡
ֱը̨
ϼϦ
ϼɫ΢䣬֮ɫɣʩչǿУƷѧϼԣ
ֻһƬͬϦϼȻ£֮ͬˮӿһǰڱζʮɿռ䡣
Ȼļĺˮһ㣬¡һѪɫϼ֣Ϧһ㣬һ֮¶˿ˣһʿĺ꣬ٵ飬ҲˣиоһּΣյϢ
ɵģ齣ݳ۵˼Ȼ
䣡
ռ𶯣̨ҡΣضʧɫˡ

˲䣬ϦĹԳˢײ˹ϡ
ء
һ춯صĴըϦԺ͹ƽ֯һ𣬷̶ͬʱɢ
ϼͳԶʩչУȻ˭Ҳκβ˭
˻
߶һǶųԺϼǾŽ۷ʦߡ
ʦʵҲ˰ɣ
˵ﶼ뷨֮ȥ
ʤϣϼ⳽Կ˭Ҳκβ˭
ǰѾ൱һʦʵ˰ɣ
ϼԱϼڣǰе洫ӣʵֻ֣⳽ʲôݣȻ߽׵ʦľ粻ϼֺͻƵŽ׵ʦµͬ޵ˡ
˻һһûһ˳ԷΪԵʵҰˣҲֻһ˵ƣ
ôôǿô죬ôźãһﲻЩڵﳽˣ߽׵ʦôǿŽ׵ʦǸжǿѵ˵ģͬ޵
Ҫ취ܻ뿪ǡ漴һԣﻹкܶʯҹ͸ɽ֮ͽһﵽһʦĵزֻҪһ˳֣ԾǿҲֻ·һ
뵽˸ŨŨɱųԣЦš
ôᣬôܺͽƽ֣ϼĴ۾ųԣö˵
ϼ𾪣Ѿ߹ˣû뵽ǿ˹
һϼ˵ԣʵȻǿʩչһУֵܹסĻһԾˡ
á
ԣͷȵ룡
ϼͷô˵ҲԼ뷨ģһͺͳûʲôԹֻӦֹ֮ԶȡʤѣݵĽ棬һֵˣύ֮ģ
ҲԼһ˽ģԳԵʵȻõӣпȡܾʸ񣬵ʱԺԳԵʵȻһĽҲΪжߡ
ԴӦʩչĵƣƷнѧϼӳ
ˡ
Ž۷ʦϢӿ⣬ϼϵɫϼ趯ʤѩʳƮƮɡ

һˮ˰޾ϵչӿһʣˢܿռ䡣
¡¡
һ̣ұչϼ糯һ㣬ֶȽա
һһϼӷ档
Ϊģʮɿռ䱻֣ɢϢ
Ƥһɱ֮ǰΣյĸо𣬲Ҵ⣬ȫעĹע
ҲעһĻ
¡¡
ϼһƽ׵ɢʥĹԣˣһ˫ֱۺ£ϼϣһǿƥ˻˫ֺ£ϼγһ޴
ž
ߵ죬䵽˵ĶߣͷƤ飬Ϊ׵ʦֱ߲ɹâͷֻЩΪﵽ߽׵ʦߣŸҿһĻһЩҲ̨״
ҷذεȻڴУǶ¶ɫĿ䵽ϣ뿴εֵϼһУ
ҵĻֻյסһСҷ˵
˳ҿԵֵǲ֪Ҫɣذεųԣս
ǲز۵ĻűݡгϿ򳽻ԣ
һУԶûйעһϼ齣֮ھһ㡣
ʮɽ⣡
ǿĽնﲻ٣̨ѣĽͬһ죬Ӥޱȡ
ûʩչԽ⣬⣬ֻĽȻ⣬ȴʮɽ⣬ƻͬˣնɱѰľŽ׵ʦǿߣһʩչͨ죬ȫ
䣡
ʮɽϼϣһ£һ΢Ȼϸ΢䵽˶ߣȴͬһ
أ
ϼըһΪ
¡¡
һƬ¡¡̨ϱҰ⣬簵һӿϼɡ


564 ˼
ϼһ˳ȥ䵽̨زסΣ̧ͷ¶𾪵ɫһԳ˵һս䣬ֻǵһѣ棬оŸˣûһ
лԹ˵
šϼͷ̨ͷ˳һۣϼڵĹҡ
㣬û°ɣϼһģųԣ˵⳽ԣȻôص֣ˣһŹġ
Ǻǣˣû£İɡϼǺһЦϼСԴ˵
ߡϼŷ̨ϵĳԺһ

ͬʱȫ𾪣еĿɿڴе𾪣еĲ˼Ŀųԣűϼ洫ӣڵʦ̨߽ʮųʤ¼ϼȻϣһ㡣
ôĽҰɫ˼㣬ĿݺݵĶųԣɱӿ֡
ɵ˵ɫҲÿ޲ɱԡ
һǿĶ֡ҷսⰺȻ˵
ʦ֣ܹ𣿡һҷڵʵ
֮֡ҷһ£˵
ҷڵӶһֻΪԼˡ
ǻûдﵽΣ޷ܵǿʵѾ൱ڰ벽ʦǿˡҷ˵
ԣҷڵǶԾĿųԡ
֣ûʧڴһսذεĿƵ˵
ʱ򣬲г˵һʤһλսߡ
ৣ
䣬һɫӰ̨һµ긾ˣ΢֣ϣһɫޣɢΣϢ
ǺڹѸ
찡û뵽Ǹ˾ȻֶκĺڹѸˣ³鷳ˡ
ǰڹѸǾŽ۷ʦɱʮͬ׶֣ĺŮˣ˭ǣ¿Ӧ
ڹѸһϳһ󾪺ۡ
ڹѸ

˵ĿۣƯ¶֮ɫͷĿ䵽˳ϣ˵ԣʵѾ֪òˣҲͱϼǿһ֣һսʵʣ޼Ȱ㻹ɣ
ĩˣһ䣺ο߽׵ʦҲ֪ɱ˶١
Ҳɱ˲پŽ׵ʦԺܲϲڹѸϵζ˵
㡭ڹѸŭ
ٷϻҪɡԴϵ
ɶСӣҪɲзϡڹѸ˻һһɺͬɫһĺ򳽻ԡ
ۣ
һ˵ʵҲҴɲзϣȻˣҾͰɲзϡ
̫ˣ
ǰڹѸʵǺǿģɲзϣֱǲܡ
ˣҲԿ⳽һݽɫ
˻һ˶ó̫Դ󣬶ڹѸǱ̣һ룬ɴɵĺӿܣħһ£˻˻ৡһ죬һɫ򳽻ԡ
ڹѸ㣡
һһ齣һˮһĽ˳ȥֱǽڹѸܵĺ飬̨ڹѸ¶һľɫ
ڶ
ԵƲˣٱƽȥһ£ȻĻ潣ԪӶգοԳʵʩչǴľˣڹѸɫ䣬ȫֵ潣Ԫ䵽ϣֱǽ˳ȥ
ۣ
ڹѸֱһѪĿųԣ䣬Ҫɱң
ߣӲ£Ҳмɱ㣬ɡһ˵
ǣڹѸСװͷҲҿһۣĶӵ̨ܿ뿪˸̨߽
˿̣˶ĿɿڴĿųԣ°Ͷˡ
찡ʹܺڹѸˣʲô
̫˼ˣ߽׵ʦ𣿡
̫ˣľŽ۷ʦѰŽ۷ʦһ֮С
糱þò˿ųԣж¶֮ɫǶǿߵ硣
ҷĿ˳һۣû˵
ϼϼûעųԣϼ˵̫˳ԾˣȫʵĵҲĿԳΪһʤߡ
ǰ̫ǿˡ˿̣ԳԲϼҲòˣ˽Ļͷ
ãԽǿҲԽȤذε˷ܵ
˺ͰǵһЩ϶һأû뵽ĺֶߵĺڹѸ˳ϣһͱܣʵӿһЩһʦǿˣҲ뿴ġ
ģҷĹСӣսʤǵġ˫΢У˵
˵ǣʵҲսģʱȥڵȻݽߣһ϶ͷ˵
΢΢ף̨ĳԣ˵ϷҪǬԪ߳Сӵжǿ
˭սң
վ̨ϣ裬ڷ磬ĿǳϢƴ󣬺ɨķǿ˼㣬˶Һӡ
㣡
һ´̨ͳսһš
´ܡ
ĳ峡Զܶ֡
ڣ߳ս̨һµ꣬ʮ꣬¹ڳģ㣬Ž۷ʦľ硣
ҷڵҷ磡
һ̨˾˵ݡ
Ȼû뵽ҷҲˣǿ£Ҫ֪ҷʵɱϼͺڹѸǿˣѾﵽŽ۷ʦĵزʵɲ⡣
һǰȡʮʤʵǿ÷˼
һսԵʤɲһ֪˶٣Ѿûжսˡ
˶ڲ²š


565 ҷ
ߣҷɲϼԱذܡ꺮˵ҷѾǹ⣬ǹ⣬ʵͨŽ۷ʦǿϣͨͬ׶֣һоͿԴܣ⳽ǿĿܡ
ʦ˵òԱذɣʱڡ޽ڵ˵
ߣðʤĳƺţûôףҰܣҪҵϡҰĿɭ
ͬʱҷһ̨Ծ͸оһǿϢϼҪǿ
һǿĶ֣
Էǵûк£Ǹӵ˷ܣĿƵĿҷ磬ս⣬ʵһ㣬ڳԵϣͬһ޼᲻ݡ
ã
ҷ̾һ˵ҷҷ磬ֵĴܹһսʵҵң룡˵գֶʾ⳽ȳ֡
ʼˣ
˾ֻٿȻչ齣֮裬Ƭ£Ϣɢ纮һ㡣
ǹɣԴȵ
֪ǹޣҷĿ˳һۣͷȵãҷĶ֣գֱһչ˸һ֮âֻһ˺ɫǹݵҷϡ
ˣ
֮һһǰǹ˷ǹһǰԵޱȣȴȺ߸ǿһ֡
Ȼһжʵͣڶ׵ʦĳ̶ȣҲǾŽ۷ʦĻδزɺҷһϸߵ͡
ǹ֮սֵڴ
ⶼǳԵѣֻɲǼעҷϣ齣âʢ⺣һ㣬иһһɢѸپͱƽҷ磬ԶԶȥͺһ޴ҷһ㣬Ҫ
ৣ
ҷֻһǹȴ֪ڶ̶һӵʱ̳˼һǹٶȿ쵽˼㣬Ϊ˿ȥΪֻһǹ˻һȻǴľˣֱȥϽ⣬齣ϡ
ϣ
һ죬ǹͬʱâ֯ɢʮɹƣͬһƽһ㣬һը
䡭
ɲǹ򣬳Ժҷ罻ʮϣδʩչеǰ£ò£ʵµ߸Կս״̬ΨЩŽ׵ʦſģĿԺҷĴսһ
ǶǵһҪ֪ǶǾŽ׵ʦʵǰ˱ֱ֮
󣬶ϳԺҷ֮еκһˣǶһ֮УɱĿԴڡ
뵽㣬ϵ𾪸Ũˡ
¡
һ춯صıըֻ̨Ҳҡҡ׹ҵòгʦʵӹ̣ѾǱˡ
ֻƬƬĽǹͬˮһķȥ֮
ԣҪóʵˡҷ籬Ծ𣬺ǹУȫ˫籦ʯаԵޱȵƣǹ޵ƣԵǳһһкǧ
¡
ȼ䣬ǹҷ趯ʧɫͬ׽䣬ֻһ޴ǹԷǹ⴦һƬ⺣ųϯȥϣһкǧϯ̨
˳ɽ⣡
˲䣬Ա齣ɢĽ֣۽Σͬʵʱ޴Ľ߽׵ʦ̨ռŽ£˲˺ѣһ죬̨汻һѷ
¡
˲ϢƬ⺣ϣ¡죬ݺѹ£̩ɽѹһ㡣
䡪
һ죬ֻ⺣Ƚ˺ѣͻ˺һ㣬׺ޱȡ
ҷ¶ɫܿ͹ƽǹӶһǹӰÿһˮͰϸһա
ת
ֻҷӶǹ޾ǹӰ̺Х𣬺һ㣬ɢȵĹȣ򳽻ԡ
УԾȻоһɲɣ⾳ŵĸо˼εȼᶨֻǻһ£ͻָƽս߰ӭϢԨһǹӰ
أ
֮

Ʒнѧ
ţ֮Ϊʵо֮ƣһƽѧȻƿ֮⣬ʩչϢóһλߵƣͺǾµĻʵһ
Ҳ
Ȼµĵط֮£ò߶ԳĤݵĸоҷҲܵһ㴥ڳԡ
ȻΪҷ洫ӣ½Ӵʦ֣Ͼһ̳ˣûλߵϢڣԱѹơ
Ҳǳû뵽ġ
һʩչûָо
⣬ҲԼʵǿԵʣȻȻԾ˸һ͸
ûж룬ֱѹǿֲǹӰ
ͣ
µĻת˺ѿռ䣬գɢϢȴ
¡
ǳǿᣬڳǿ֧£Ǵﵽ˶壬Ȼֻ֮һʮֿµģһɹɿֲ籩ϯ̨ӳһѷ죬ҷĽ¡
䣡
ڣ̨ȥ
¡¡
ѹķ޾ǹӰˡ
ҷҲǳˣҷƶݴ½
ҷΪ洫ӣȴʹǹ
ǹԵҲ
һжΪҷһǹ޼壬޽ڣֻΪҷǶŵһɣʵǿһ֮ˣҷ룬Ϊ̣λֱ


566 ҷ
ȻжΪһֵӣžΪ֮·
ԣҷŽҷڡ
Ȼʵô򵥣ԼһСת𲻵ãʩչӿֲѧ
תǹ
Ʒͽѧ
໡
ǹӳǷ𶯲񷣬ӹϯ˷ۣ̱ѹɷ۴⣬̨ȥһߡ
¡
ӿҷȫеޱȣͬһ㣬һɫζȻֻӰϢͿѹķ˿ҷ磬ȥͺһͷĹŲ
໣
һХ쳹߽׵ʦ̨һѪεȥߡ
̫ǿˣ
˵һҷʵ
һγԱɣɹЦ
꼸ҲһЦ⣬ҰҲѵõ¶һĨ΢Цǻҵ̨һӰ֪ڳԵģʱһ£һԵĸо
ܣҰֱʧͣҡͷ
ɵɻҪѯʣͻȻһ춯صը죬ʧ˶ݵʧϣ˸о̨֮Ͽȥֻҵ龰Ѿڣֱվǰ
£̨ѾݣΪһƬ档
ҷأ
ֹɵ֣֣Ϊҷ粻ˡ
гѲ̨ҷ磬ʱüͷ
ȿȿȣ
ʱͻȻһʮɳƣء

һתµֻҷһƬذȥķվͷң·ãһһ飬ǴѪǱ
˻
ֱ㶵Ŀҷ磬ƽһȻһƬ
찡ҷ羹ȻܵôУ
⳽ԼֱǹȻҷϣһӶ
̫ˣʵѾ޽ӽʦ˰ɣ
һӱ˲Ϣûƽĸ߽׵ʦ̨
ôĽֱ֣㶵˵ǰһС
˾˵
ʵһԽܾʱҾ޽ڵĴСҰĿųԣ˵
㣿ϼĿųԣһĲ˼飬˵зҷͷģû뵽Ȼڳϡ
ȫ͸ˡϼҡҡͷ˵û֪ʵʵġ
ҷˣϷҪǿ֣Ѿ׼Ž۷ʦǿˣͨһʦǿߡ˿ųԣĿ¶⣬˵һҲĶ֣һֻܽϣذεˡ
˷ģС˿ۿذεһһʦƽֵģ򲻰»ԣҲֲܹܡһϹ˵
ϣ˰ɡ˵
ãʯϵذεһսӿΧĶߡ
ע⵽ذεһƽĿ⻷ܣ˵˭̨ս
ң
һĵ̨սԡ
Ȼ縺˵һ֮󣬰˳С
һ֯ǿϣʮȥţֻʣһûгˡ
˶ڴţΧˣЩ֪˭ǿϵһˣ
Ƕ֪Ѿȡ˰ʮųʤֻһǾʮʤҲζţԽΪʤߣΪھʮԺ󣬸ǲֹʮǿֹԵģǲ֯޷ֹսߵĽŲ
ԣ˾ʮʤǿϣǰʤߣǰǵʦսĵĹء
һΣҲ⣡
һˣ
ҲڴţֻһĴˣǽĿ䵽ذεϣ˵һ㣬ذ֣
һң֣û뵽ɣذεڳԵĿ£վܳһɫ磬̨ϣٶȿһ˸̨ϵġ

ذεĳ֣һƬ̺𾪺ɻΪǴδذεϼҷһݣŽ˵ĳɼĬĬûʶ
Ϊˣ˲žȣΪʲôǿϵһһˡ
ȻžŽ۷ʦΪ
ڼ˳ǿ󣬶ذεǳԵĶ֣һս֮ûУһƬƬذεоǳ
ߣ
ذε˵ɫУһȻ˱ϵĹŵͬբĺˮһкķ
ۣ
ʱˣ߳ɶһѪ˽׵ʦΪֱˣЩŽ׵ʦҲܵӰ죬ϸֳҰ֮ɫ
˭Ȼ֮ǿ
̫ˣҺǾŽ׵ʦһˡ
ʵϼҷ绹Ҫǿǲ֪ͳԱȣĽ֣ڴ
һۣǿ˱˴еĺȻ۷׷ף²ذε
˭Ȼӵ˿µʵ±֮ʦֽ¶ضãһ𾪵˵
˾˭Ұذεüͷ
ʦ֣ǹ˭ԽǿϳԣǲͺôԽ𣿡ĿɭĿųԣһ˵˵
Ұ۾һ˵Ƕ˲ʶû뵽ȴ̨̫ͬˡ
㣬˭ȥ񲻱ȳϼʵ
֪ϼذεһۣԺй˶ɵŵӣûذεˣҡҡͷ˵ϢѲˣ


567 VSذε
壿ϼɻĿϼߵͷ˵ʵ˵Ȼһ㣬һʵȴһ٣ӵҲǺǿģذεӦӵɡ
Ŷϼͷüͷ˵֪ܹ𣿡
֪˵ʵȽǿһأľŽ۷ʦǿߣӺһʦ⣬Ҫֻ֪пȥϼҡͷ˵
ϼͷ˵򳽻Ժذεˡ
в̸ذεһ˿죬˰ΪΪһˣֹԼðʤƺš
ذεǿ
ǳԵһۿذεĸо䵽жǿо
һΣǿĶ֡
֣ѡ
֣̫ҵˣ뿴ԴӦǵ󡣡ذεԺˬ˵Ĩǣֱ˵˵
ãҲ뿴ذֵʵְɣִһɢս⡣
ȣ
ذε彡˶ۻ룬Ϣƴһ㣬һ־ӵĳȻ䵽ϣĵ˸⺣һ㻷ܣ֯һ𣬷̶
񱳵
ʹõĵȻǺ񱳵
찡ж󣬾Ȼ˺񱳵
˿ذεϵĺ񱳵ʱ󾪣۷׷ס
Ҳ΢һû뵽ذεʹõľȻǵ֮УΪĺ񱳵
߶֪˰ٱ֮ʣ˰ٱ֮ɴ˿󵶵񱳵ȻǵΪͨĵҲʩչ𵶷Щ׾Һ񱳵أҪҪǺѵģ˼ʹú񱳵
κζ֪һ񱳵£Ȼǿڵж
ذεϿ֪һ͵ߣó񱳵жˡ
أҴ⣬һת齣УذεĵǿߣҲ˽ֱȡ齣
ʣ
ͬ齣ϴһһĽ⣬ʮɷԲڣϢͽ׵ʦ߸ҿ
ߣذεϷֵⷢһţ֮ʵӺͰ벽ʦȣ⳽ԾҲĶ֡˿˳һۣ䣬͸©ذεš
ǣԱذܡ˼ţĻΪԲذεĶ֡
˺ǺһЦԵ̩Ȼ
ҰҲǸ˲ѣû뵽һ˾Ȼذεֹԣȴǵ˵ʵǿ󣬵ȴͳʶ˵óȡʤ
ߣģĻǿĲҰһ˵㳽ӮΣɣҾ޽ڣûһ³
ʦԼǡɵ˵
ҰЦעųԣǧַĥԡ
ͬʱȫ˵ĿĻڳԺذε˵ϣĿУذεˣֺϢ𣬿𶯣Ϣͬһͷľޣһ򳽻ԡ
أ
ذεͬһһ㣬ÿһţ̨һ£˻Һ÷ֱгϼӹ̣ٴεˡ
Ϣðڲֱ
ǿƣεֵ
һЩ߼ʦͷĿ䵽ϣ뿴κƵơ
꣡꣡꣡
ذεһǰУѿ䵽Զߣһը죬ɫص˼㣬ϼҲδˣе齣һоõذεǿ󣬱óʮʮ
ս
³һ֣ս죬˫ס齣ƴĽˮһӿһƬ֮
Դзϰʩչзϵͷ־ϲ
̺ĽȻƻˣֱǻ
䣡
ռը죬ͷĵһ
䣡ৣ
ذεͳ˵Ŀһʵһ㽻棬齣ͺ񱳵ͬʱ֣һ񱳵ն齣ϣʱԸоһǰδеǿѹԼֱϣһϢԼϮ
ৣ
齣ɽԪϢƽذε
ذεȳĻҪʵǿᣬʵսһһ֮䣬ܹԿ
ʾףҽǣóҲ˿ҲǱںһû˿й©Ҳ˵ذεѾƿʩչѧ
ǳ־ᶨʶѧţҲûм㣬ܹʮʮķӳ
Ȼ壬ɫƽ¶ŵĹâ
⳽ԾȻôôսܡ
˵ǣղŲռƶѣŴϼһͽ׵ʦ򲻹
ǰĺ˵˽ˣǿϿɲܹͨȥġ
ڼʶذεǿ󣬲˿ʼע
ҰҲ˷ܲѣڴذεܹܳԡ
˺ǿĵ֮пǳ塣ϼذεһۣ˵
壡㣬ôϼԾʵ
ʵԲңֻǱƴĻĶ֡ϼһ˵ϵ֮һ½Ϲʱ쳣ܹƿߣȶʦĻʣɻʦ֮
ԣϼһԾĿһذε


568 ͸
ʱϣʵ˸һ⣬ͬһһ㣬ɢǿ֮ϢͬԶŽս䣬еĺ񱳵ǱͬɫӺһĹĻǵصųϯȥ
̨𶯣¡֮ڿɫ䣬ȴһƽе齣ָƽһ֮
ã֣һ
ذεûбԼϵѹʱһ񱳵һĺۼȻɣޱȵһȴûκε죬쵽˼㡣
һѸ볽֮ľ룡
һɢϢĨɱ˽׵ʦ˾Ž׵ʦ
ţ
¶أǿ󣬿ĸоһȻֻͨһµĿȴͬһ飬һƬգ֮ûзΪһѾ˵
ǵ
ԳԾû뵽ذεѾҵԼ·ԻΪ棬ǿ
һ㣬ذεͱȳǿһ㡣
ΪԻûҳԼȻԽ⣬ȴһֱڽ֮ǻ޷һΪϵĽǿߡ
ৣ
ֹˮֻһ£ָ齣ʱͻȻˡ
޽
и֮ӭµĺ񱳵

񱳵ƴذεӳ֣Ǵﵽ˼㣬һ㣬񷣬ն齣ϣۡһ齣ɢ
ৣ
˲䣬ֻһɵ齣
أ
齣񱳵նһȴǳ˰ٷ֮һӣֻһʱ䣬ȴذεˣѾ̤ߣ־ǼʶȳԲ٣оԱ֮ǿǿһЩ
Ӧ˵ǳԶԽǿˣʹͬʽǰʩչһ㡣
Ȼֻһ㣬ȴذε𾪣˵ս֣ҹȻûпˡ
ৣ
ذε˲ϢƶӰմȣ֣ڶ
ã
Ŀ¶⣬Ȼذεǹǿĵ
ڶ
һȻûռ棬ûзһͺһ㣬ɢ貽ȴǸˣһʵڣ
ĺãҵڶ
Դȣ齣ӰΣһ貽⻷ܣ͸ռ䣬һˮν죬Ĵ̶
ˡ
һǿޱȵĽ⣬ʵһ񱳵
һĨɱ˽׵ʦ
ͬʱһʵ̫ˣûֻĤʹ¶ɫԤϵǣһֱں񱳵ɢ
һ
˾û뵽ǿĽоȻ޷ƽذεһʵжǿ
Ŀ䵽ϣƽ⣿
һ̫ǿˣ޷ƽ⡣ϼ˵
ˣˡҰųԣĿ¶֮⣬Ц˵
ӵأϹɡг϶¶˹ע֮ɫĿ䵽ذεϣȻ²⵽ذεһǿ塣
ڳԣгһֱûп͸֪˶ȻһҪ֪ʦǿߣʦǿǰȴͬϣ͸ԣܾľȻֻ߽׵ʦڳԵȴоһʸС
͸
͸Ϲذεȴ͸ԣеľԶʤ𾪡
ֻûб¶Ϊֳһ£ȻƽļʶȻԿⲻαװƽĵȻ͵һûκεĻңòгľĪʲôƽ֮ɣ
󲿷ָ߽׵ʦֳԲûлңȽ̬ƽ
ѵֵܹһ
ųԣ¶ڴ֮ɫ
̨ϣ
ৣ
һĿУԶˣߣ齣ƿռ䣬죬޹ɿԣ˿ˣͺǳ齣һ㡣
ʲô
ɲǣ˷ڳԽ£˲Ľ۲ƣ͹ŤֳһصĽм󣬶Ľ۲£ͬռ䣬׵棬ɫĽơ
ࣣ
ɫƲ޹Ľ֯һͬĭһ飬ֳ鲣һĴڡ
Хѣ鲣Ľƣĵڶ
ಣ
ǿµĲ֮£ռ̱˺ѳƬڣ䵽쵶£ʱ𲻾ڶĶȺһ㣬û̺ĵ⡣
꣡
һ죬ɢǹ£һƬС
ʲô
ذεһû뵽ԾȻȥԼĵڶ
һǼΪģ󣬶ҼȾ׼Ѱѧ޷ƽһһɱһ벽ʦǿߡ
ԣذεе𾪿֪ˣųԣʵʲô
飡һƽ˵
ʵϣҲǳһΪһУⴴģһʩչ֪һ
ȴе֡
Դ飬Ǹ֯ĿռиԭѹΪĽֳۣ͵ĹֶΣÿһɱ˽׵ʦοǶʮĲ򽣺ۣںһ죬Ȼʵƽذεĵڶˡ
ȻⶼڳԵĽ츳ͷḻսɣ޷ƽĵڶġ
飡
˴һǶܹоذεһû뵽ԾȻ׾ٵĻʵ˾̾


569 Դ
Ȼǿ齣еԭӳԡ
һ֣ʵ˳ǿ
ǿսɣһǾ飬ô츳ˣҲ޷һ˵¶âΪ۽ȻԿԭ𾪣֪⽣ǳԴĻ󲻳Ծʲôӡ
ҰɫɾûôÿˣһĿ˸ɱ˵߽׵ʦôˣŽ׵ʦʦ֮޵֣
ʵǿǲŹǵġȻû󣬵ȴǾ޽ڵŵӣ۹ⶾһۿ˳ԵǱҪɱ
ԣţɳǷǳµģ꼸˶ͬĵͷĿ⿴ҰϾǼеĵһ֡
Ұһᣬ˸âһ˵ѪӥһŸʦֽѪ죬ԳȤġ
ʦģʦ֪ôˡһ㶣ϲʦֽѪǾ޽洫ӣŽ۷ʦʵģѾѹԪĵزһѪմѪʦ֣ҲδܹɱԸһԣʵǴ´ࡣ
ɵѪ֣Ҳ¶˷֮ɫ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ֻ
ЩͱԿжɱ⡣
ȻҰǾ޽ڵӣƵĻԲɱ䡣
ߣ͸߰ƾű£ܹһǰȥ׷Ѱǽ۷壬һ㿲հǰ˺ĻôΪޡ
ȻЩͷֻڳԺһţȫעذεϣΪоϵĵԽԽǿңγһһ߽磬Хϡ
ɵԵԭʼ
һȻһ
¡¡
ĵ࣬ͬһ죬Ѷϣ̨Ͽգ־𣬷·Ҫһ㡣
貣ҫۣǿذεܣͬһ͹һ㣬òֻܿģ˫۾ȴ쳣絶һ㣬ռ䡣
ĵ
ذε˫ź񱳵ԾڰУĿͬһ䵽ԵϣȻһӶ£ǿֲĵ籩̳ϯȥ
һϢ纣ƴޱȣһ˿ͿɱһŽ׵ʦðڲֱ貵
̫£
𾪣
ĵϯڳϣ·ž죬ڷɣʯ齣һȦȦ⻷
һУǽ⻡
ǳԴԴиģں˽ƺγɹ⻷ĴڣȽңѸٿǣɴСɢӨɫâԶԶȥͬһչһ㡣
䡭
⻷һ֣Χռ飬߽⣬ߣ˲ǿµĵ籩ƽͬһ֣ѹȥ̨ƽ֮¶ѷµ˼㡣
أ
һĵ籩ںһƴ˶㣬ױȣ⻷ײһһ춯صıըķռ䡣
꣡
ֻһ£޾籩ͱ⻷ѹȥ
һƬУ籩׷۴⣬һƬ֮ûһ˿
䣡
⻷Хײذε
أ
δüӦͱײ˳ȥѪĵϥڵϡ
һƬţùȥżذε̧ͷ򳽻ԣЦ˵һսˡ漴Ŀ¶˵֣ǲʹ˰ݵģһΣټ֮ʱһһս
ãһӦΪذεһǿĶֵ֣𾴡
ԭһЩģڿˣ֣ڡذε˺Ұһۣ˵
˵գذε񱳵߳˸߽׵ʦ̨
һʤгϱϾͬˣ˳һۺ˵ϲΪʮʤߡ֪Ѿ޷ֹԳΪʤߣʵȡʤĳƺţڴս
һģԵͷ½̨
ڽһ˵Ĵӵ£뿪
˻
˺ܾã˲ŷӦ
ʤˣʤˣµİʤ߼
ǽһʤߡ
ڸ߽׵ʦ̨ȡðʤ߳ƺţʵѾﵽ˶Ž۷ʦǿߵУǼ޾Ž۷ʦǿߣԺЩ洫Ტۣǿ£ʲôݣ
۷׷ףڲ²⳽Եݡ
㣬Ӯˣϼ˼˵
ǰȫﵽ˶Ž۷ʦĸ߶ȣǲ֪Ƿܺͼ޾Ž۷ʦǿһϸ£ϼͷ˵
һУϼڶԳԿкܴģȭͷ˵
Ҳɣϼ˵
ɶһҪɱɺ˵
ȣҰ
ɵɻ󣬺ҰЦһȽѪʦֵĵȡðʤߣʱԻ뿪ǣ뿪֮գڣ
ʦԼǣɵ˾Ц·𿴼ԱѪɱһ㡣
ԻصջǱޡ
һҹ޻
Եȴﵽ˰˲֪ĵزµİʤߡ
޷ֹ
ڶ죬ʮˣ˽һλʤ߳ƺţһʷʯڰڣϽ۵Żݡ
ðʤ߳ƺţԲûм뿪оԼͻư˽׵ʦԶˡ
ıԣڵԽʵﵽ߽׵ʦ۷֮˽׵ʦֻһ֮
ԣͻư˽׵ʦ߲١


570 ĥµĽ
֪ȥʱ䣬ͻ˰˽׵ʦʵǿֹ
ͬʱԴ齣˸⣬˲ֹ
кһʦһϸµġ
ߣһǰηġ
һ죬뿪˰ǡ
Ϣ̱Ұ֪ټɵˣ֪ͨ޽ʦֽѪ졣
⣬ǳԵ֮أ
ҰĿ¶񣬺޲ɱԡ
֮ǰע⵽˺ҰԳԵɱ⣬һǣҰŸϣԶԶĸں档
Ұĵ̫󣬾ɱԣѵɣһҷüʵ
ҰȻԸ°ԸӦûûеԲĵزȻɱԣӦʲôֶΣǸȥҷȻڳϣȴʮҰҪɱԣβں档
᲻޽ڸ֣˵
ܡҷͷ˵£䣬ںҰС˵ϣʵڲֵбҪĻǳְһѡ
ʦ˵ǡҷڵӵ
һϼϼҲ˳ǣöŮӣһԽûߵһķ羰ߣƬɭҲЩС
㣬˵ҰĻɱ𣿡ϼźÿüëʵ
пܡϼһ£ڷϺõ˿һ˳ͷ˵ֵҵǲģĵ޽洫ӣЩ֮ͽԵʵǿҲѵֵ
̫ɶˡϼ޺޵˵Ұ쵰ҳ֣ͺúýѵһ¡
šϼͷȴǿЦֻԼ֪ҰɱԵĻȻһģ򲻻ˡ
⣬һƬ֡
̸߽оһɵɱ⣬ݻƵҶ֦ϵһΪ
һƬţһȸûС
ιͬһ˺ѿ˱䡣
ǹһЦݣԲš
ʱһ鿪سǰһѪӰվһƿѪɫģ·Ѫڽʣı亮紵ѪڻƣϵѪ³ͬһѪˡ
һװ֪һ򵥵
ȥֻжʮӣĿ䣬һ˫üëһѪɫ
ھѪٲʱ򣬳ͣ˽Ų
ǳԣһֻѪ껺̧ͷƽӳԣĿһѪ˸
Ǿ޽洫ӣ֪ڼʵ
ģѪҽнѪ죬סҵ֡
㲻ҵĶ֣ҪװԵȻ˵·˵һ顣
ԣ㻹ôţҿǻòˡʱҰ˳˳󣬳ɱĿųԣԽѪ˵Ѫʦ֣ɱ
һٶңҲãҾɱǣǳҵǰƽ˵
ԣվڣ
ҰȻŭһɱ

ȣһӰǵصӿҰˡ
Ѫʦ־
ɵŵû˸̱˵ϡ
Ѫʦڴˣ
ҰǾŽ׵ʦǿߣʹܸԣȻη塣
ģڽѪ졣
ţֻҪѪ֣Աɡ
𣿺ܿ죬ͻ֣ᷢԴͬһЦ£絶罣ŷӭͷҰ
ǰ㻹ҳ֣Ѫû뵽ôţǰɱҰˣ̰γѪɫ޽ѪɫѪһ򳽻ԣˮûܿռ䣬һڱɱ֮⡣
ֹ𣿡ЦƵ˼㣬˺Ұķ
㲻ɱңǾ޽洫ӣɱңҲˡҰˣû뵽ĸɱĿֻ֮ɫ
ۣƵ£Ұ룬һ˫۾ϴţɱԼ
ʦ֣ɵ˿־ǳģҪɱǣ
ۡ
ޱ飬Ƶ»бն߿ͷ­ϸߣ·ߵѪעȾϵĻҶ
һƣɱˣ
һ˲쵽˼㣬Ѫ춼ûзӦŵİ˾ʬ壬һ䣬һѪƻܣ˵ɱǣҾҪΪᣡ
ҾҲһɱˡĻӦ

Ѫ첻֣˫Ѫն£Ѫɫᴩʮ׳һѪɫ˸ڳͷϿ¡
ƷϽѧѪɱ
ѪһУɱŽ۷ʦ֡
ţ㳽ǰʤߣֵһҲǼΪѡ
Ž۷ʦһ˲䣬۳˽Ѫʵ磬ľ绮޷ֳߵʵѧʵȣսļɺͱҩȵȣۺһ𣬶Ǻһ߾ʵĲȷء
ԣھŽ۷ʦʵΪĸȼͨŽ۷ʦŽ۷ʦ޾Ž۷ʦ޵оŽ۷ʦ
Ȼֻĸʵȼ֣֮Ĳȴ֮ʮͨŽ۷ʦҲɱһŽ۷ʦ
ԵʵȻѾ˶۷ʦǲǼ޾Ž۷ʦʵ֪Ϊδǿߡ
٣Ѫ첻Ķ֡
ȴѪ죬һЩԼԴ½
Ϊˣ齣츳ڳˣԸǵ
ϹϻúͷӡȻʵȴӵлʵģȾŽ۷ʦԸṩͬѰѧɣóԴĹУߺܶ·


571 籩
Ǽһϣһĵ
οӵϣ͸Ӳͬˡ
ͣ
齣Դӿ뽣Уɫâ£һߣ֮䣬γһֹⲨ
һǳԴ½׹Ⲩ
Ժٷ൱ƷϽѧ
ƷϽѧѾǳԴļˣΪϾֻǵʦߣûͻʦ۲Ԫ޷Ʒѧġ
Ԫǵʦʦ
Ҳʦǿԭ
أ
׹ⲨѪУֱӱըɫĹⲨȥľһУΪ˷ĩ涼ݺݹȥһ磬Ƭɳ
ʲôѪҲû뵽һôɫһ䣬ҲǳˣսҲǷḻ쳣һвУ̱ʽѪ˳죡¡Ѫɫ޽£Ѫգݺݳųѹȥ
¡¡
ƵֱףѹķѪƣԶΧɫ䣬˵ʮ֮⡣
Ѫ̫ǿˣˣ
ǰһѾм޾Ž۷ʦ˰ɣԾǿҲֵס
ϧһ䣡
˶óԻᱻѪɱΪ̫ǿˡ
㣬̫ˣ˵ܹסһ𣿡Զϼʵ
ѪѾﵽ˼޾Ž۷ʦĵز㶼һ֮Сϼҡҡͷ̾ϣбĵưɣ
ϼˣѩס
ʦ֣ҷڵӼѪ̫ǿˡ
ˣҷ翴ǹѪˣһҧ˵ϣû£ѪѹĶ֡
˿̣ģɷԲڶѪһѪƽ֯ͬһѪһ㡣
ǻݣľɷ۴⡣
һǿ˶㡣
ѪţԵֵסȻڽ¡
ʣ
ͻȻһ졣
ã
Ѫɫһ䣬˳ȥûѪС
ýӰ
ƶ˲䣬һ̾ͼһĽӰȵ̫·𶼱룬һ¡ʵĽӰȻ£ûһƵζ
䵽ѪУȴͫ¶ȿ־Ŀ

˻źѪɫ޽ǽӰ
ۣ
޾ѪڽӰµ˲Ϣһգޣ¶һƬ֮ؼ䣬ֻʣ½Ѫһ
꣡
ǽӰûֹͣƣѪɫ޽ϣһ죬ϳ룬ѪĿͣţĿŽӰԼǰתͷȥֻһ΢ɲĽۡ
ۣ
壬׵ıһѪֳ룬´ƬѪ
ѵ
Ѫɫ޽˵ϣһƬѪ磬ԶϹιǼһƬѪζ
Ѫˣ
е𾪵Ĳ󣬾޽洫ӣģʵﵽ޾Ž۷ʦĽѪ쾹Ȼˡ
ǵӰһ޷Խĸо
ϼҷҲˡ
û𾪵Ŀ⣬ȡѪͺҰ˵Ĵɿ뿪
ǶǾ޽洫ӣڱɱѱû޽ڵӣ֪ͨ޽ڣԿɾ߶߲ˡ

ͻȻһƬҽֻҷϼȻ֣ɱΧˣһۣ뿪
飬ҳԼˡһжԸоӿٶȣ뿪
ΪǬԪʯҹɽأʢǳӰǵеһңǧ֮ңعǬԪҪһƬĮһȥͷ
ȻѾƬĮȴһ㶼ޱȡ
̫ͺһ⣬ӳڽɫĻĮϣһߣޱȣȴϾǰΪ¶ʵ̫ˣ˫Ųɳϣͺǲһ¯һ̵̹ģõóֻ
һ֮ڣұȻ̤ʦʱͿշˡԽŲɳĿᶨĿǰĻĮһһǰС
ʦһ족֣ͿԿĲ
֣ĺ壬ǡǿߡ֣
򵥵ıȷʦǿƵ޵оŽ۷ʦ֣ҲԴݶȥ
صĲ
ʦ֮ǰľ磬߶ֻһԪ
һͻʦͿӵԪͨߵϣĵرĻٶʮҲ˵
ԣ½ֻ̤ʦУǿߣɵ
ﵽʦҪֻһǾǽȫԪ
նԾŽ׵ʦʵ֣ԸоŽ۷ʦӦתԪ޾Ž۷ʦӦɣ޵оŽ۷ʦʮɣֻдﵽ޵оŽ۷ʦгʦĿܡ
ҲǼСģͨ˵ʮ޵оŽ۷ʦֻһԳϣﵽʦ硣
Ҳʮ֮һĻʣ
Ƽ󣬵ߴ󾳽磬ÿһֱֳɾŸС磬˵ϵĥѣԾţһ˵Ҳֻʦǿ߶ѣﵽʦģֻϡ
Ȼ׿űʵ㡣
ӥźڵҲŲ࣬ǬԪҵȻǿһ㣬Ҳֻһѣۺʵ޼ģһϣͿԿǬԪۺʵˡ
ʦǿߣɣҲԲᳬ߰
ʦֻô޵Ķʮˡ
ƻ㲻ʯҹ͸ɽڵԣֱĲһûпɱԣҲǬԪԵĸԭ
ɴˣԿʦļѣ


572 ּ˵
ڳӵм޾Ž۷ʦʵҲһ㣬ΪоԼڵѹɵ֮ӡ
ԣҪﵽʦԻһ·Ҫߡ

һҪȥѰŷѩҪΪǰű
գ뿴ľͷʲô
ǰȻΪ΢ΪɵҲ֪һЩأţʦյ㣻ţ½֮⣬磬Ǻ½ͬһʱգ磬ӵľʣ
ȥһ
ˣһ
֪һżᶨ֮ڳ֡
ӡϹϻöо־ڴԵĳɳ
¡¡
ʱǰͻȻ˺¡µĴزһſŵɳ·˹һϸߡ
ʲôǰʱɫ䣬ֻǧ⣬ɾ޴ĻɫÿһǧɸߣСݰͬһתΪ֮ɳԲǧԱ޿ɱܣǵصĳڵķѹ
ã硣ϻöоˣ׷׳ԣԣʵֵסߣ
ɫû뵽ԼȻ磬ǻĮɱ֣κǾһûĿܣҽӰ棬ܿͲӰȻ˺ѳ˷۴⡣
һۣͷƤ飬û˿ĳɣˡ
ã̫ˡϻþԣ̣
ѹٶԳÿСʱٹٶƽ쵽˼㣬ǿµϢѹóԴϸӿһĨ԰ףϻĻԥһĴȡ̡
̵ķӹɣԳ׵ʦΪͿԵֵ׵ʦĹǻ̵ֻʮ֮һѡ
ͻư˽׵ʦԸļ̵ķҪ֪ʦܵıǳԶ޷֮Уʱһ޴ķ֣ڳԵϡ
ɫһɣ̸оĴʧﵽ߳ҡ
¶Ц߳ѾվҺֻȻǲʹ̵ġ
¡¡¡¡
غ¡ֶ𶯣ûбļ󣬳˿۲ǰѹ硣
Ƿ
Ȼ֣ȻԸоǴѹȸкǿµĻ
磡
֮߳ΪȻ
Ȼ硢סꡢ硢ѩƵȻڵԵ
磬еһ֣
֮Уٶһ֣¼֮ơ
ѧ֮УٶѧǷ
ԷƿصԽ͸ٶҲԽ졣
ԣǹǷһƣΨٶȷǷȱҲûһ½֮УǺټġ
Ե츳ˣϻúͷҲԾ
Դƽ̹۲ŴһЩԼ
磬΢磬磬磻б磬ǿ磬ʱʱǿʱ򣬿Ը˴΢ĸоϲǿʱȴ˺£־壬ҪԶһִּ˵
ԵĿ⽥
ᣡ
ǿ
иᲢ֮˵ҲˣǼǿˣ֮ʵʤͬߡ
ôҲˣ
̧ĸо΢²ļӴ󣬷ҲԽԽһɲγһѣµɳ
磡
һɳйĻԸоǵĶ
ǿ磡
ѹһƬХһСƬɳ
һһǿ
ԳУ뵽һظС
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ã˫۵ʱǰѾһƬƽѾټɢķ֣âͣϣһƬů
ԣˡϻ˵
ȥˡ̣ʵ
աϻõоô
ѾշˡǹһĨ΢Цһλع֮ã磬оֵãȻֻͣڱ棬ҵٶȴ֮һֹ
˵䣬ԺȻһȻ˰֮⡣
֮ǰҪһ˲ɣҪϢʱ䣬ֻҪ֮һϢʱˡ
ٶȣ¾֮޵оŽ׵ʦֶˡϻ̾
šԵͷ˵֮⣬һתԭԴµĽУΣ֤
ãϷȻûп㡣ϻø˵
΢΢һЦʼ̤ϻع֮·
󣬳ԵٶԼӿ죬ԭҪµ·̣ϸһֻʮʱˡ
һ·ȻǾ档
У̫ȣˮڵʣʹر¶ߣð˿˿Ƶ

ͻȻǰһı
ڴ򶷣
ֻǰʮӰһ˹糱ƬƬĻɳʬ壬ɳȾˡ
ЩӰֳһͳһ棬ϴɱΧһһŹʣȲĻ꣬ʵǿ˱м䣬Щ˶ǳɱȥ
꿴ȥʮģһŽ۷ʦΪɱĺϢƴ󣬾Զоһ޷ĸо
ǿˣѾɱˡ
ʦǿߣ


573 սһʦǿ
Դһû뵽Ȼôʦǿߡ
ϸϸһһѾռϷ磬ɱ뱣Ļ
죬ˣ
У˷˳ԡ
鲻й©ȥ˹ȥɱԳһֻһŽ۷ʦѣɱͬʱɱ򱣻ˡ
ǣӦתƽԡ
ɱңҲãԴĽ˳ԶͻȻͣȻһ·磬˶ʱȴ޷ɱʵǿʦǿߣҲ˵Щʦǳ鲻ģοɱˣֻŽ׵ʦ
Сӣ˲㿴Ķ͸
˳ڳǰһǰһְΧԣҪɱ
أ
һ䣬ʿն򳽻š
ৣ
һҲǺ飬š
Ƕ˶Ǹ֮ˣɱʩչͨʽҲпֲѪһɢܹӰ쵽֣ǲߣһо֣ǿ·ǳſɱԡ
úã
һ۾Ϳ˵ʵͨŽ۷ʦҪǿһߣÿԵȻȣ磡齣£ʱһƬ磬ֽ粻ͨĽ磬ͬһĽ硣

ʮ׸ߣˮͰϸֱ˾ȥ
ۣۣ
δüӦͱɽУΪѪ꣬ҽжûü
ʲô
ŪôƣȻЩ˵ע⣬ԭģڼͬһڳϣһ׷˻𣺡ɱ
޾Ž۷ʦ֣ǬԪʲôʱţһʦۿųԣһӣ˵ȥɱ
ãȶҺܾûˣοϲɱˡһСˣųԣٺЦĨɱż˷ܡ
˵䣬Ӷ˲˳ǰ۶ųԣ˵Сӣӵͷˣɣ
޵оŽ۷ʦ֣ɫ΢䣬Сһ֣͸о˶ԷĿºǹǿѪϢ齣һһϣԸ߳Сһء
ǿ־С˳һЦûã
˵գ䵶𣬵һƬ⺣ͬ£СУһӲ
ƣ
齣¶ϳֱȥ⺣䵶һ𣬶ͣ
ӣΪֹˡ
СһЦ䵶ȻһĨ貵ĺڹ⣬ͬˮһ£ռ¡ķ齣ϣһɼĳײ˳ϣ˳ȥ
޵оŽ۷ʦʵ𣿡ɫ䣬˵ƾʵ㻹ɱң
Сɱ¶޲ýʬ䵶һԲεĵһĺХɳҪ˺롣
磡ȻͬʽһХȴȸղɱ˵ϢʹһɿµѹȸУС˸о·𴵹Ĳǽ磬һ㡣
ۣ
䵶ⱻһ̷ѣľСˡ
ʲôС˼ͫ¶˺⣬ĵһɷĵϢһɿµѪϢڶںһγǿɱУҪһɱ޵оŽ۷ʦʵɱһŽ۷ʦǿɾͶˡ
ȫ͹˳ԣΪԵʵͲԾ֡
ȻֻԪʵȴǶŽ۷ʦԱġ
СһȻһɱУҪɱԣȴֻգͬʹһΣǾųغХɿɱСûһĲҽһģѪⱻ˳ȥ
΢΢ͷ粻̺Ŀ񱩣ųɾͿɱ޵оŽ۷ʦȫʩչĻ֪ܲܺһʦǿ࿹
Ϊ˳ԵһɱУ齣黹Ҫھ֮⡣
ˣ
ʦĺ춼һк˱ȥɱ
СģԼ˼ɱڳԵʵԷȻʦǿ߻ɱԣ̳ѡ
ʦǿߣɢϢóɫ䣬ʵϻãǼʦ˵ͬʱתڽ£һ̫ǿܣɲ
һʦϻ˵
һʦһսɫһٱ仯źˣһҧڽɢȥһսԼһʦ֮Ĳൽж󣬵ȻôҲԼģ򲻹ܻܹġ
ߣСӣһΪأ˵
Ϳûбܵʵˡ˵
ÿСӣƾһ㣬ϲԩ˵ҿʦǿߣɱ㣬һо͹ˡ
ٷϻҪɱҾóıԵ
ԴСӣɣ˲ȻŭΪʦǿߣԼĽǿߵݣ㳽ſնɱ޵оŽ۷ʦʵҲ벻ۣͬݽһ㣬û뵽ݽһٶļŭԼʵ
һ£һɺӿһֻڵצץ򳽻Դ뽫һץϡ
ԪΣһۿʦžܹ߱ΣתɸǿĹֶΣɢϢԨƺн׵ʦմһ㣬Ҳֻ·һأóȫʵ


574 ɱһʦ
Դ׹Ⲩ
齣նһţۣͬⲨһȥ
أ
ɫצ£ֱǽ׹Ⲩ飬Х£Ըоɫצȥ֡
Դ飡
ɫ䣬齣϶£˺ѿռ䣬һƬ⣬γһƬνƬĺХȥµĺɫצϣһƬɫצĹâȥ룬黯״̬
Դ޽
һжûͣˮµĽ£һɫצ롣
ܣ
һУ˵ʵǷһ˲Ĺ䵽УʱһԼĺצȻֻʦǿ򵥵ĹֶΣҲǵʦ߿Եֵסˣеľȿ֪
ʦʵ𣿡Ծ͸ˣû뵽Լʩչвƽ˵ĹֱҪ֪УһжɱŽ׵ʦ֣ʦǿҲδ̫˰ɣ
ȻֵסˣޱȣʦʵΪģǵʦ߿Աģһʦ£ҲŲʮС
ɱӾҲǳһɱԡ
һûôˡ˸оӶˣ޲ɱԣ֣ʩչУҪһɱԣû콻ɴɵĺγɺɫ⺣һȦȦĺɫΡ
أ
Ƽ򵥵ĺɫûʲôȥһƬըҪը
磡
ͫ˫潣ܶʱХһ磬γĴڣ齣Ȼ£¡һжʮɸߵ֣С޿ƥеƾȥݺײ޾ɫϡ
ء
һ춯صľ죬羹Ȼɫײúɢ򳽻Էȥ
⣡
Դ󾪣û뵽ʮ綼޷ֵһУαˣ齣ٿȻһɫâȻâһȿֲɨ˷ΧɶһƬ
¡
ûǺɫȦ֮Уʱըɢȥһը
Խ⣡
˴ʧɫ弱ˣ䵶һʮݺᣬ󺣣˲£𣬺ӿһѪ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ѣĨȥǵѪ˵Сӣһʬ˵գԪĵХ鲼գһʮֵն򳽻ԡ
ʲô
ͻһĻˣȻ͵εһʦǱϾһʦǿ߰۳ԪʵȵʦǿٱֹζӦûڳϲŶԡ
ɱ
ŭɱԡ
İԣȴˣǼʦǿսѾ˴ˡ
Ԫ
ԺһУʩչԪǿ;ںһγǿĽź˵ͷֶ¡
꣡
ʮն飬˴󾪣ͻȻֻһأоѹһɽһ㣬˫Ǧһ㡣
ڹնƣ
¶ȣ̱ɱȡʮʵʩչԪ糱ˮһӿɢܣ䵶֮裬һǿĺڹɨһХĽ
أ
Ԫʱɢǿĳ˳ȥ
ᣡ
һ˰ףǰĽźۡ
Сӣ˭ҲȲ㡣˺˵һ£һɺڷ磬ƽԣ䵶⻷ƣͬһ£һӶͣٴ˳ȥѪһѪ
ɣ˷Цһ򳽻ԣҪɱ
ѿߣ㲻Ķ֡걻˲Ѳһٰܣ̼
ܲ˵ġĿ䣬ԵĿ⣬ͺǿһһ
ৣڳԽƣһӰԶ
ܵ𣿡Ц䵶ɱ򳽻ԣܿ;ȵķ֣ԵٶȾȻԼ٣һǰһԶ
Уʱһһᱻ׷ϡɫ͹ʦǿ󣬼ֻһʦҲڵԼԶԸģͻƾŽ׵ʦ޷һʦ
οʦշУԸȲϡ
һյʱȥ˽ƽ˳ԣЦСӣɣ
ܿ죬ֻһɾ롣
ѾʦĹΧʩչʮֺڹնϿն£
أ
ǳԳ֣ӭȥҲ޷ֵһٴѪ

˫չӿͬһֻ޴ĺӥ򳽻ԣǷ䵶ͬצһ㣬Ҫץ
䣡
߷һ㵹˳ȥѪ
û䵽ϣŻֻʣ°ĳԣһ˵Сӣҿʼɱ㣬㿴˲ÿĶͱ˵գĻ䵶ն򳽻ͷ­
µֳԣ޷˺ѷηУһǿ˼ɢϢŽһȴһָءµ棬
ѹ£ԵľںһһɱԪǿ
ˡ
޵ģţȴʵڣֱúе䵶ɳȥͬʯһɳȥѪ
Դ飡
Դ齣
Դ磡
û˿ͣһǳʩչоɱˡ


575 뽩
ۣһѪɫҰܣϢ˥˼㣬һĿųԣʲô
ɱûлش𣬻Ӷ齣ɱˡ
ɱң˺޺޵Ŀ˳һۣ֪Լɱ˳ԣúǰһģһ˫򣬷ա
𣿡ĶӵĺˣһЦȣ֮
ô£˿ųϵЦݣûɵһͻȻֻԺһǰһڣӴӰезȴֹ䣬صһˤˡ
Ҳ½һˤʦǿߡ
ԭֻһ㣬û뵽˾֮÷ǳֵã˭ù˳أ
ʲô
Ȼ컹ܹ˱ˤѪĳ棬ʱһϹ¼ˣ̷ˡ
ô
ɱСӣ
ɱ
û뵽һ·ֵỵǵĴ£ɱԼⷽʦǿߣŭ˼㣬ŭҪɱԣйͷֻޡ
ʦǿߣ
һñֻѹƻĺһ룬뽩֮С
ҼסԮϾ͵ˣ̸ߺһƴ
ߣٲʣҲֻ÷ɱ꣬ɱĿ˳һۣԶȥ
ˣҲ˿Щ˲ʣҪɱɾûһԱʵˡ
¼ҩԲŸоϵƺһЩ
̤̤̤
ʱһֻԶһ۶
μ̫ӵ£¾ȼ٣һ˻ǰϻ̳Ͽ֡
ԭǻ̫ӡԣ˵Ҳûж룬ȻϽǬԪȴӥšںţһɣҲֻǱӶѣԻ̫ӵҲֻóԸоѡ
룬Ҳûǰʶλ̫ӵ뷨׼·Ͼƿɲ塣
ڳҪ뿪ʱ򣬻ͻȻڼʦĴӵ¸
̫ӵʶ£һƽûΪԷ̫ӵݶ¶ǫɫ
ֵǬԪν˲֪Ȼûм㣬ȴ֣Ļܹһϳ㡣̫ӹЦ˵ֻû뵽ֻʱ䣬ֵʵͽչ֮죬²Ҫһʱ䣬ͿԳʦˡ
̫ӹˡԵ
ֿˣͿˡ̫ӰЦܹͳһ£οǳɱʦѾˡ
˶٣˵ֲĻһǰɣ
лܹоϣͷ˵֣룡
ˣ볽ֱҹǵڳֺú̸һһӣǣһƥˣܶУ̸
ʱ֣Ժ̫ǬԪıԵУ߳ǣ
ҹƻͨظ裬Ժ̸̫ĵϢ
ڶ죬硣

̫ڽӴſΪۣ˺Ȼǰڳеĵ˫ͽˣˣŻȲӥŵӷΣϢƴ󣬸ʤ˫ˣǶ˶ҲǴž⡣
ӥ洫һ͵ڶǹ޵кѩ޺ۣӥŵ
ߣЩ̫ˣȻɱ̫ӵ£ǧСǹ޵һǳʵ֪̫ӵ¿֪ʲôݣ
֪ҡҡͷ˵Щʵǿʽأɳ෽Ҳ鲻κιЩ˵Ϣʵ˷˼
̫ӷģЩ˼ȻҴɱ̫ӣǺǬԪԣһ֮̽¸֪Э̫ӵ³ǵݣɱǸһɶǹ޵аԵ˵
λˡ˵
̫ӵ¿ˡǹ޵е˼æȻ󣬵̫ȴǲһЩ̫һжΪӥźǬԪʵ۽鲻ǳԵʣӥ¶ǬԪ
ˣղ̫ӵ˵һſڵ̫ӵһ֮ŻЩˣ֪ںδǹ޵д֪˰ˣ̶ܴΪĳ֣׶༪٣һЦ˵˵꿡ܣύȴС
˫ѩ޺۵Ҳ֪˵ΪֵƳ硣
˵𳽻ԣȴû˵֣ҲûеնɱһʦʵҾͳԵĽ̸Ҳ˽⵽һϲˣǹ޵⻰Ƿѡ
̫ӵ¡ǹ޵е
ʱͻȻ˽Ųֻһ˽
֣
ԣ
͵˫ͬʱԣǰޱȣһȳϣȴǳһ漴һɫ˰ڳУɶǼ£·ǰ˵ֱǳ衣
ԣǵ˫ǽŬʱ޿̲ǿԼʵΪгһܹһѩǰܡ
ռԣһѩǰܵʱӿ⡣
ǿͬʱӵ˫ͽӿ罭ϣǿ˼㣬ңңסԣҪá
һɰԵƣһɷƣƣͬʱѹ򳽻ԣеĿ²
λþò
ԿŶˣһЦɫȻ˽ǿȻɻˡ


576 
ʲô
˫ͽһһ´λǰ߶ųԣ˵߽׵ʦ
ܣƾ߽׵ʦʵôֵܵǶ˵Ծ˵
ûʲôܡԽ˵ΪȻﵽ˾Ž׵ʦľ磬һ㣬Բ֣ʱ˾ѾĽ۷ʦˣȥûͻƾŽ׵ʦųԾ
ǳԣǹ޵кѩ޺˶о˳Եǿ󣬲ֻ߽׵ʦͶΪȻˣΪǶ˶ǾŽ۷ʦ֣ʵﵽ˼޾֡
Ƕ֪˫ͽ˶ڹԵϣȻ̲ס࿴һۡ
ж¶м֮ɫûаѳСɫ
һ㣬Ҳ֪һƽɨ˶һۣʵ˭
ߣԣǹ޵ʦֺѩ޺ʦ֣Ƕż޾Ž۷ʦʵһָֻͷͿ㡣˵
ԣֻ߽׵ʦѣǹ޵ʦֺѩ޺ʦֵĶ֡Ȼĵͷһ԰Ŀų˵
ôһѩǰܣȻ˶˻˼Цʵ
㲻𣿡ƵĿ˳һۣ˵ҲԣȻѾ߽׵ʦǰ̫ûпɱԡ
ʦ˵ò˫ǹ޵ǰؾأ˵˾⣬ڳǰȴǰԵޱȣ䳰ȷ˵ԣҿ㻹ǽǬԪһȥ˰ɣǻǻġ
ǹ޵кѩ޺۶˶ʱЦǶ˵Ե¼˫ͽϷŪֵˣһ߿Ц
ٷϻҪսսαôڡ˵Ȼ˫ͽԶҲûʲôÿˡ
ãҵ仰ѾȺܾˣҾҪ㣬һѩǰܡȻǰĿưĿųԣݺݵ˵ģһġ
䳡ȥ˫˵
ã
ûʼ磬ν˵
λû뵽Ժͽһ͸ˣҪȰ裬ۼԵʵɱһʦ޵оľŽ۷ʦο͵˫ˣ
̫ӵ·ģǻ㵽Ϊֹġ˵
ǣǲ˫ͷ˵
̫ӵ·ģǶ̨ѹǲµġǹ޵Ц
ַġ˵
ðɣλ롣ˣ֪ӦսĻ˫ǲ׷Źģͷͬ⣬ŵ˫ͽ˵Ŀ⣬¶֮ɫ֪˵˶ǳԵĶ֣һսֻҳˡ
֪νʦǿһۣҡҡͷ
⻰䵽˫ͽˣΪ˵ԣӸˣϵ֮Ա
ʦǿ߿ˣҡͷ
ǿ˫ͽСȡСֻǲ֪ΪλӦս
ԾνԣԹ壬ǹ޵кѩ޺˶ע⵽ʦǿϵı飬òԾԵΪȷȷʵʵ߽׵ʦ޺ҲͷҡҡͷֻΪԼˡ
һһ߳䳡
һߴ󡢿Ǳ̨ƽʱʿõġ
ԣɣЦô̫棬ú賽ԡ
˭Եʵ
˭ʼնǵȻŭ޲ھ˳ԵĻŭɶЦԣΪԼܹǰ𣿲Ҫˣõʦֳ֣һ˾ͿԴ㡣
ৣ
û˵һ˱̨ϣӸµĿŽĮ˵˭˵óʵɣϣ㲻Ҫʧ

һ࣬һһȻ˱̨ϣۿų˵ȻˣҾͳȫ㣬УֻҪҾͿԴ㡣˵գӿһķʵһһХУųԽɱȥ
˵⳽ֵܹסʦһ𣿡
ߣԲܣҲΪܹڽʦһ²Ѿˡ
˵òûʵôţֱ·
ӥż
ˣҡҡͷһȺ֪ߣֵʵǿԴĦģ
̫ӵ·ģʦܻзִģһѵ֪ô˫飬ΪΪԻڽϣ˵
ԲֻһЦ
ǹ޵кѩ޺˸¶һϷ̬ȫȻѳԿ
ԣ˵ֵһУԱȺվӵˡ
ԭΪʵǿˣҲǿڿҸ߹ˡ˽һۣҡҡͷһȭȭǽȺϣһ죬һƬ⡣
ʲôһųԣ¶׹⣬ݺݵ˵СˣΪƾʵͿԵֵҵĹ𣿱ˡ˵䣬˫趯תĽΣεĽɱ򳽻ԡ
ɱҪɱԣ
̨£ǹ޵кѩ޺ۡ˫û뵽ԾȻֵס˽һιǳһʩչڶУΪԾ޷ֵ
ڶУ
һƽӿûν
ܣô
󺧣αˣԼĹ׾ٵĻˣҪ֪󣬸Ѱ߿Եֵģһɱ֮һڱȥңսˡ
УˡԵ˵


577 սѩ޺
һץָţϱķ·޴ӡ
ۣ
Ҫֵ޼£ȥϣһƬѪɳ˱̨
ʲô
ֹĵ˫ǹ޵кѩ޺˶Ǵһû뵽ԵʵȻﵽȵزʵǷ˼
߽׵ʦ
ȴǻʵľŽ׵ʦһУͰˣ׵ף̵ĻᶼûС
ʦ־Ȼˣôܣ
찡ʦôϣ
̫˼ˣ߽׵ʦ𣿡
ӥŵӺͳˣ
ҲˡԸ˵Ľ˿˵
㡭ۣ˫ĿѪ죬۵һһѪȥˡ
ʦ֡ӥŵӴ󾪣æǰȥĽµҩ󣬲Žѹ
ǹʦ̧֡ͷǹ޵С
ߣӥŵ涼㶪ˣȥǹ޵˵
Ҷԣ˵ǹ޵
أ˫ʱ̨Цʵ
ԣ̫˫ŭӳԣȻŭ
ʱף̫Ϊλҡͷǵĳԣ֪ԵʵĲԼͽʵ൱ǿһߣʮ֮˾ҲǳԵĶ֣˳ԵĻеķŭ֪òӦսĶˡ
˫¡ڵ˫߳ʱѩ޺ͻȻǰһ򳽻ԣ¶Цݣ˵ԣĶ֣һΣ˵䣬һǿ۶һεķʽ򳽻Աƹȥ
ãԿѩ޺۵뷨һЦ˵Ҳ뿴ӥŵڶ洫ӵжǿ
ῴġѩ޺Ц
ЦУѩ޺黯һӰ˳Զ棬Ȼ˵ְɣ
ৣ
ûпֱȡ齣ѩ޺һĽ
ߣȳֱ֣ǲ֪
ǿҲѩ޺ʦֵĶ֡
˵ǣղһ⣬˵ʦ־Ѿˡ
ӥڵ۵
ǹ޵ʦ֣˫Сʵ
ǵ͹ˣǬԪһ֮ʵ飬ΪʵȫԾսѾͨŽ۷ʦ֣ﵽ˶Ž۷ʦĳ̶ȡǹ޵аԵޱȣǹƺںһǿ˼㣬ǿȻûӣģѩ޺ڰǰѾӵ˶Ž۷ʦʵǶ֡
š˫ͷ̨еĳԣﲻɡ
ǿǶ˭ʤʵ
ȻǳԹӣϾܹɱһʦĴڡһʦӹ˵
ǰֵ츳ǬԪǧѵһǷŵɣҲǺšͷ˵
̫ӵ£ʵȻԻýؾʸ񣬶ۼٶŵӣΣޱȣʮһΪ̫ӵѣȻ̫ӵ㰲ȻǴᡣʦ˵
šʶԣΪ˴ģ⻰̨ϵĳԣ÷ĵͷ
ˣʦٶԡ
أ
ʱ̨ϴһ죬ֻѩ޺̽ƸһڵʣӨ͸һѽµĽ顣
תԪ
ֻһУԾȷѩ޺۵ʵѾѹԪĵزȻͽ˾ͬʵȴʮϡ
Էӥŵڶ洫ӣʵǿ󣬳ԲҴ⡣
ʲôȻֵסѩ޺ʦһУ˾Ǵһ۾ɳˣǲţԵʵȻﵽ˾绻ǵĻ޷ֵҲ˵ղųԺͽԣûʹȫ
뵽һ㣬˾͸Ӿˣǲš
ӣȻѩ޺ʦܵĶ֡ǹ޵Ҳ΢΢һڳԣѾãΪǬԪһһţӥź½ŵӣһʱͷ
ԣǹ޵һԣǷ紫еһԭΪֻǰ˽׵ʦΪΪȻû뵽һٴܾŽ׵ʦΪĽֺӵжŽ۷ʦʵĽƽ֣ȷʵȡ
ǹ޵ȻΪӵкѩ޺۱ȼʵΪ֪ղֻѩ޺ʽѣֵܹȻЩԾҲΪǣԽ˵ղһٶ߳ʵ޷ֵѩ޺ʦܽóʵ⳽ԹĻᶼûС
ѩ޺ʦֻûóʵһʩչֻսܡ
˫ͽԣԸͣǿɶӥ洫ӣѩ޺۸ӥŶӣʵǹ޵УڳϣɾǶˡ
ΪƽԵʵһʦնɱοֵѩ޺һУֱ׾١
ѩ޺ȴôɣȻû¶ɫȴǳһҪ֪ղſǶ߳ʵͨŽ׵ʦָ޷ֵһȭӴû뵽Եֵ
ٴο򳽻Եѩ޺¶֮ɫҴ⣬ԵͬһĶ֣ĿƵĶų˵ܺãû뵽㾹Ȼܹʹ߳ʵѾõҵĳϣҽóʵϣֵܹס
ɣ
Ŀǳ۳ǿս⣬齣ųѤõĹʡ
ˡ
һѩ޺ɢķ¶Ȼ½ֳһѩɫ龰̨ϿյĿȻֵסɱѩ˱ƮŮɢһ㣬γһƬѩ硣


578 ɱ
ѩѸٱƽԣĿһֺѵĸо̱ѩ޺ۣ˵صıѩƾһдңҪϣˡ
ৣ
齣ʵ޻Ĵ̳һʿиѩ磬¡¡ʮɿռ·Ҫһ㡣
ѩƮ䣡
ѩ޺۵ͺһ˫ֻӶƬѩϯϿգƮһѩÿһ䶼ڴСʮ֮࣬ת£ҵĺԳΪģתȥ
ৡ
γһƬХҪԽɱ档
ѩ޺ţ޷ֵΪһУɱһŽ۷ʦ֡
ûбֶãѩ޺ʧȡ֮һɫһ˿ɫ
潣
ǱѩǺѹƣԵģ޷ģǡÿԿѩ޺۵ıѩһƻܳ齣ɢȥ۳һȵĻ潣
ǣ
ʮѩ˲䱻ƣɢѩ޺۵Ľ£гԾ˼㣬û뵽ڹϤϿԼ֪Ļˡ
µǣԼղһó˾ųԺ˵кԼͬȵʵ򲻻
һ㣬ѩ޺𾪵ͬʱҲӳˡ
ৣ
һ̳鲼ǰ̻ͬһѤãżǿת򳽻Խɱȥ
̸о¶Ȼ½١
Ҵ⣬ӿͬˮһ㣬¡¡죬Ѹٹ齣У͸ɫĽ⣬ಡһ£˳ȥϯǰĿǺϣ֮
أ
˲䱬ըѩ׵ĹԺͻɫʽ֯һγһƬɫʣȴ̺űɱ⡣
͵˫ΪӥӣȴڳУֱӥŶ棬ΪӥŶӵѩ޺۷ŭѣҵᣬȻֳ»ʵҲҪݺݽѵһɱ
ãѩ޺۶Գֶɱ⡣һۿѩ޺۵Ĵ㣬һǼΪسԵģҲύȻɱһһʦѩ޺ȴӥŶӣʵɲ⣬ҲҲɱһʦʵҲ˵
ԣɲ뿴԰ѩ޺۵ϣ̶ԵĻ˵һΣ֣̳֡
ǣӦʦǿߣȫʵֹԺѩ޺֮ս
ǹ޵һĬһ䣬ǿǹϢ˼·磬϶¶˷ܵɫϣ԰ѩ޺۵ϣԽͷ֮ޡ
ȣ
ѩ޺۵ƲˣһЮѩ裬죬֮󣬾һƬѩ磬ͬѩһƮ䣬ȴйɵĳųϮȥ
ߣ
һ֪ѰĽ޷ѩ޺ֱۣʩչԴ飡
꣡꣡꣡
Ľ齣Уâ֯񵹾ڽϣһСĽâӿķѿǿиٽѩ˺Ѷȥ˲Ӵ죬̶
һȥ޾
ֳ齣һǰƣƽѩ޺ۡ
ƲǼ򵥵ǽƵʤʮϣ󣬶̺ᶨĽ־͸ˣͨŽ׵ʦֵָסѩ޺۶ˡ
ʲô
ɫһ䣬ٿȻһһ̺ѩĽ⵹齣ϣһƬ
ѩ֣
ѩ޺ʶ˳ԵĿ£ɫص˼㣬ʩչУԾԡ
ΪɲܸԣҪ֪ѩ޺ӥŶӣܸԣɾͶˡ
ѩ޺֪Լݺ͵λԼܸԡ
һҪ
ʶ˳Եʵѩ޺֪ҵᣬҲɱĿı䣬Ҫ̶ȵĴܳԡ
һĻǹ޵Ȼ֪üû˵
ȴûпΪԾҪѩ޺۵ˣɫ˷ܣ·ѾϰһС
̨ϣѩ޺ʩչУҰɨķγһƬƬѩйɵһγһ޴İ뻡αȥͬһɫϷͬһ㣬ãס֡
¡
ѩ϶ѹ£ռ𶯣ҡΣûɵĸоѹ·ѹһɽһ쫷磬̨澹ѣƺܲסѹҪķѿ
ԣѩƷϽѧѾгɾ磬Ҳߵʱ򣬿ôֵѩ޺Цɱ⣬һ߽ԣѹҲ֮ӣóԵҪһ㡣
Ԫ
Ŀһڷϯ߽һγһǿóϵѹ˲ȥѩҲ֮ͣ˰У볽ͷ粻ӡ
䡪
һƵ֮ǿµıѩӲͣ˳ͷϷ޷һ֡
ô᣿
ѩ޺۴һ漴Цɫֺ˵ҵҪܹ֧ŵʱ˵䣬һ˫ַƮƮէ𣬺ХԽԽıѩѩ޺˫ֵĻӶӣһжᣬԼٶųӶȥ
ʮɱѩѩ޺ţԵֵסȻᱻѹһĩ
꣡
Եһһ˺󣬽¼Ӳʯ屻䶳ᣬȥҪɱˡ


579 ص
ˡĿ¶Ц
ǹ޵ޱ飬Ŀþͺһˮһ㣬ҲУͺˮû
ãɫһ䣬û뵽ѩ޺۵ǿնɱһʦĳԶǶ֣ҪֹʱȴȻһ죬ֻǰֳһƬĻâ˲֮С
ͬһĻǹ޵еǰ֣һƬ죬̨ϵһС
ۣ
̨ϯһ𺣣ϯķߣ³ȵĻ棬ʮɸߵĻߣڱգȵ̫â౻ڱסˣԭȵȡ

ãã֮УȻһֻıѩ籩Ƚ𣬾ʮء
¡¡
ڶ˹ѩ籩ӿһһǿᵽµײһ𣬾ͬˮһ㲻ݡ
䡪
춯صıըֻһĻ˳аɸߣͬһ㣬ʴըѤõ̻һϯ˷̫ڵסˡ
·̨ҡΣĽһĶѣȵĻճɷĩ̾ͱѩ籩ϯΪһһаʮ֮ࡣ
ǹ޵жɫ䣬òֵ֣ǿᵽ
ǿ񱩵ĻͱѩУӰһ滷ƣһѩ֣ͬһˣһˣˣĻܣɽ緢ͷ籩һ㡣
ùȥܻͱѩ籩ͣ¶˳Ժѩ޺˵Ӱ
ֻԳֽһͷڷѱѩᣬ޷Ӷϸǽһ˪üë˱ѩɫ·ϸһѩͬһѩһ㣬۾ŶĻɫӰͻȻƺһһѪԭѩ׵ӿһĨѪ죬Ȼˡ
ۡһ죬ֻѩ޺ıѩɢȥųԵӣ쳤ЦͻȻ۵һһѪð̣ѩ׵Ӹѩˣɪɪ˫ŲȣҡҡλΡ
Ҫסȴصһ˱̨ϣһΪʵĽк
ˡ˵¶һЦݡ
ۣѩ޺˫ĿԲɣٴһѪֽʹ಻˵ôϣҲţ
ǰһĻ˶һĲţʦѩ޺۾Ȼڳˣ
ܣ
һۣԺжֳ֣ڵϵѩ޺ȴĸǣһжġ
ʱǹ޵һ˳
ǹ֡ɫһ䣬˳ȴǹ޵мΪıܿˣѩ޺۵ǰͷ˵ˣûʲô˲ˣվĶˣ
˵ţǹ޵еĿ䵽˳Եϣ˵һУûнҾ㣬ָƣһ㣬ֻ֪һСѡȻƽְԵǿȴ¶ɣһΨҶ־
ɾС󣬴ӭǹ޵еĿ⣬һƽ˵⣬ңͿû£ǰ֮
ǹ޵ɫٿȻһ䣬̤һǿǹƥϯ򳽻ԣҪɳȥѵһ֪ô
ǹֺαˣֻһдѣѾˣֺαΪأһΣһдɣɫһ䣬ͻȻǰЦǺǵ˵ͬʱһɫ֣׼ȷޱȵĸ
ãȻҾ͸̫ӵһӡǹ޵ҪΪҪԣȴʲôûп֪ǲٽѵԣ˵һΣɾûôˣߣ
˵꣬һӣѩ޺۾߳䳡
˼ǹ޵ж뿪ˣĻҿһۣĶӵһ㣬뿪
֣û°ɣջĿ⣬䵽ϣʵ
лֹģû¡ҡҡͷǹ޵ԶȥӰһ˿֮ɫղǹǹ־ʮǿ󣬸һΣյĸоԱǱԼɱһʦǿߡ
ԣ֪ǹ޵вӣȻֶԸԼĻԼһֵסʶҲĴһ˿м֮⡣
һ㣬Ȼ֪ͷ˵Ҿͷˣǹ޵Ϊ˿ʵȴǿ´ҪСһ
šԵͷ

º󣬳壬صǡ
ʢˮ˳纣Զû뵽ǻᷢչȳ̶ȣѾӱһЩСĿˡ
ʯԨǱ֪Իܸˣϯọ́Ǹ˵ÿˣųԣܾöſԴӸĸͺʹ糽Ϊûзֿôʱ䡣
һ棬һӾͱˣһ޵ͬСèһ㣬ȡЦһ󣬳̲ķſ
λǵĳȻ˳ע⣬׷׵Űݷãʯߡ
λԺԶܸˣο顣
ڣƻͨظ裬һɻա
һǳһΪĵһ
ڶ죬˯ĺû˯ô̤ʵЩһֱȥ޾ûзûɱ¾ͬǰһԴһ㡣
ֻǣ֪һкܿҪˡ
洫ӴȣҪʼ
ҲΨһһ̤ʵҹӽԺ󣬲ӵС
Ϊһޣ׷ǽ۷壬иδɵ顣
ЩҪȥɡ


580 ֶ
֪ǣţֻһݾӵѣԶͣ
ԣԿʼúֶΣʮūػǡ
ͬʱˡʨԼΪǵػߣʱΪһꡣ
һ֮ǽԶָɡ
ȻҲ˲ٵĺôǿ˳ĳΪ߽ޡ
ĲµģȻóˡ
츳ߣһȴߵ⣬ϻԣԳΪʦȻΪʦȴ󷨣ΪȾŽ۷ʦĴڡ
ȻѾ֪һУ١
һ㣬óοѣ¾ģгɣһҪҵֿ츳ݡ
ϻôóһЩϹ󷨡
ЩϹĪܣԱŵĻڴ
⣬ΪԷһԼ뿪⵽ħ֣ռϣϻܲһ󣬿ԵֵʦǿߵĹ
º󣬷ɡ
Խķú󣬲ŷ
һɣԿʼ׼洫
һغŵĵλغӵнؾʸԳԱ뽫׼㣬һʧ
֪һʱȥԽΪ˰˽׵ʦ۷壬ʵǿһأͬʱԴרУͨ͸ﵽг֮
ҪĵƣȻǾ֮ˡ
Ǿʦͱͬǿ֮󣬾ǱǣһʦҪǿһЩ
ֶΣ
ľ֮˫ԣͿռɷֿɹУνǹؼ汸óԵʵֳƣνʱΪռΪ𣬵һ㣬óǿ֮С
֪ǬԪʵ̫С
ȡһЩɼʵ㲻ʲô
ҪģǺݵǿ߱ȼ硣
ؾһᣬȻΣգȴܹʶݵһǿߣĪԵνˡ
洫һʱ䣬Բиû˷һһʱ䣬ȫϡ
ΪһһεĽţ
ʱһӽǰһš
μ洫ҪǰһȡţҲ⡣
߰ʮߺţ
ǳԵĲ롣
ϡʮص㡢Ѿ˳̸˲ѣ˵ŸԵľ
ԺҶƮɣƮŨŨľζ
ʱһ̤ɽĿƵĳԣ˵֣ддΣ壬ǼվϢɽͺһɽһ㡣
һѾ׵ʦΪ
ԭΪԼͳȣһ㣬ҲӦÿԺȼ磬ųԵʱȴľ磬ʵһҪһսžƾ˳
ʮԣж¶صɫ
˶壬񣬿֮ӣǿĿϺʮ˶׵߽׵ʦĲΣһ⣬޷͸ԣоϢɲ⣬Ҫ֪Խʱյ״ﵽһ硣
жںͳԱԵͷ¶ڴ֮ɫ
ã
Դпս⣬ͷ߳
ȻûкƴϢʮ˶¶֮ɫԶ֪죬Ϲ֮ʱһֺǿʣڽգǿưѵһʣʤ֪ͬߡ
Ȼ֪׵ʦʵԲ߽׵ʦ
ڳԣǿ͸һĲΪǬԪһţֻһʱ䣬ݶΪ
ֻһ׵ʦʱ򣬾ͿԴĽ׵ʦĵ˫
֮УΪ͵Ķչ׵ʦôָӵΪ
Ǻڴ
ˣ
֪ͬĽٶȣԵΪȻԼôԼпܲĶ֣һԣԵױԼǿ٣ûпףһƶΡΡɽһϢݶڿһƬԼΪֲٶȳ򳽻ԡ
壬ϹŴ
£˵ɽ̤أժŪ¡
ȻֻǴ˵ȴ˵ǿ
ֻƽһȭˣɱһͷʨ
صһԶۣڴԵʵ֡
ৣ
˹£ǿµʧӰԿ˵óȫʵ
ã
һ㶣漴һҧȵСˣ䣬˫ȭײƬâ޴죬ȥͺȭͷײɽײһ㣬¡ǿ˼㡣
ˡ
ͬһȭȴӵʮֹɫӿ纣˳ˢء

һƺֱȭϣ䣡һǿ壬ˣͷϸ˼κ顣
ʲô
صֱɫ䣬Ŀ¶ɫ֪һȭȻ㲻Լȴ߽֮׵ʦҲҪСӦɾɽˣʵ̫ˡ
ǺĲԽԽԶˡصջĿ⣬Ц˵
ǿʮͷ˵
ԭѾŬڿĻ֪˦Զһ𾪣漴Ͼ¶ս⣬˵Ҳãǲ׷ĿͶ
صʮͷ
һ̣˶Ե׷ϵĿꡣ
ΪͳԽֵ𣬸ǸоԵǿɲ⡣
֣ԼʵǿԵʵҲǿҶֻǱǿһߣоԵ·ûһ㡣
ǰСӰܹǿ


581 д
ʮʵȭ
֪Լʵ˵ԣǾóʮʵȫ˫ȭųɫĹâͬһһ㣬ƽȭͷÿһȭһĵͬɽȪˮһ㣬졣
䣡
ڿµȭ£𣬻ա
ĸߴ̬˶Ƥֳͭɫŵͭԣïܵĺڷīڣž裬ͬħȭͷɴɽƺӣǿᵽ˼㣬߽׵ʦҲòȫӦԡ
ǰĳԣʼնһƽž޲ȭٶ飬죬Чķʽƽ⡣
ƾеĳ棬ȴزΪ֪ϢĸоԼڵˮһţҲԽĿݽߣȭͬҲܹоת䣬ûΪս˥һ֣Խǿ
ôܣ
𾪣ţһУҲ֮ս׵ʦΪһ߽׵ʦڳУȴһУҲ˵ԵΪҲ߽׵ʦ
֣㲻ŵһţһˣһУε˳ȥ˫أ̰ȥ֪ϢȻսȴǸǿĿƵĶų˵
˵գ͵شȣƾء
䡪
񱩵İϴΪģɨķԺƮµҶδأͱɷĩ״
һ
𱬳ٶȿ쵽˼£ǿ񱩵İ㣬ͬٵǰ࣬ϢΪһ壬ֱ˴ˣȻɣűأ˱âͬһΡɽֱײݺײ򳽻ԡ
ɢϢصɫ䣬֪ԼĻһȫֵֻһͿء
Ŀ䵽ϣҪεֵ
úã
ֻóԴһҵʧԭء
һ̣ȻǳǰâϢķռ䣬ǷϢи飬һһķѿ
ûý˫ȴ˽һķâͬ޽һ㣬ݺռ䶼ɢȥ죬Ʋɵƿһеơ
䣡
޽ϣ̴죬һ㣬صֻĤˣס˫

̸оǿ䵽Լϣ𣬸оֻѹϣɽԼȻ÷ֺŤƽɽ¡죬쳤Хصһ嵹˳ȥɫһƬ졣
⡭
ʮһۣǿ˱˴еľɫû뵽ȻԾԵѹˣ⻹ǳδ£ǳĻԵٿʮϡ
仰˵ͳԸͬһεߡ
ͬĵҲǳԵĶ֡
̫ˣ
ĸо˳ԵǿĪѹϣ˷ܣǰǸ˿иԴ˶Լøǿ
֣̫ˣˣһϳȥЦĸǰ棬ǾиҲи˰
ϵ˵ͷ
ǺǣǵʵҲˣȻһȡóɼϣһռһϯ֮ءЦ
ȭͷһգЦʱž˵ˣֻǿϧܺһμӡ
֣ϣ㲻ҪʧǣǼʶһ£½ӵصЦ
ǰûлˣɾˡͷЦȻҲ߽׵ʦȻһ洫׼һμӡ
ǷģǲŹλġ˵
˳֣ͳ˶ѾصˡʱصͻȻ˵˺ǿҲǵĶ֡
ǰҲͰˣû뵽Ҳɲ⡣̾죬һһ洫ȡõʮ洫Σ˿ǰ˽׵ʦҲĶ֡
£ϸΪ£ɱ¾Ѿ˳뻯ľأһЩư˽׵ʦҲĶ֣ûв´Ļ˶ܻμһ洫Ƕ˿ҪСġһĬԵʮʱҲ˵ˡ
ǷģǶǿĶֿɲǣһʮǿ֮е洫ӣǲĶ֡Ե˵
ѵǾŽ׵ʦص㾪
ԣʮ˶򳽻ԡ
ûУֻǰ˽׵ʦѡЦ
Ҿ֪ǲǺġЦ
˽׵ʦ˵ǶˣԳֵʵǶ˶ǰ˽׵ʦҲǳĶ֣ܹвģҲֻЩ洫ˡϵͷԵǿᣬԽսǳϣ춼ܸԣǻǳΪǵʱΪǿˣȻûܵĿܡ
Ȼ洫ֻעʮˡص
һ洫ǰʮˣԵ
صͷ˵ʮ˷ֱǷѺ¡¡¡ԷѺºͷΪӵķѺſʼһֱռŵһλãǳĵһǿС
ڶǵ£־ͿԿһߣһֵûܹһ֣ܶԲڶһܵУһ洫ϣԾʮߵһʮһܷ£հ˷ѺУţͷѺһսʩչپʮŵʩչٵʱ򣬰ܸ˷Ѻ


582 һʮǿ
ǿѺǿ¶֮ɫû뵽ԼĶǿ󣬲ȻҪһս
ڷ£ʮΨһһŮӣȻһʮһܣʵȴӹɵģٶȣʮ죬ǹڷѺ͵µĻһ洫ӵһˣȥһʱ䣬ʵﵽʲô磬û֪ǿĻһһ洫һ֮һص
£ǸĽ㣬׸ĸʵ
ص
ԭԵͷˡ
صΪһһˡ
ǵĴǣҪСӦԡص
šԵͷȻԼʵԺʮ˱ȼ磬ɻûŵɴǣȡýؾ
ˣֻҪעһ¾ͿˣϾǵʵܺʮ洫ᲢۡصЦ
ʵΣԺȻһˣǾĴҲ洫ӣΪĴڣں޼ɣΪ
ǿҲһ洫ȡõʮѾڣѾͻ˰˽׵ʦﵽ˾Ž׵ʦľ硣ص֪ͳԵìܣ֪ѯʵ˼ǽʵ˵Ѿֺ֪֮飬Ϊĵܵ棬ʹưոݣɲҪ顣
鷳ҲˣˣҪڡԵ˵⻰ʸ
ԣص˶Ц
˳̸һľ
˳˵ڵĵʦս󣬶ʮ˷ܣֱԵһ洫󣬽ȥ
ԣһΣһҪ㡣һ䷿ڣϥǹ־ҳϢǿᵽ˼㣬ֱԨ纣Ե˫˫Ŀϣоâ¶ǹһ㣬޷ӡ
ϧֻһҾͿͻư˽׵ʦˣǳȴǴ࣬ﵽŽ׵ʦⲻܷһΣһҪݺݵĴһѩǰܡڳϣǳһֱǵĳ裬ʱʱ̶̿һսһͿأһļΪľ洫ϣܳԣһ̣Ѿ˺ܾá

ҹĻأһƳƺڰ½ʱ䳡ϣӹÿһ䡣
һ̣ŷˡ
Ϊ洫ŵһʢ£û˲ӡ
洫֪ǵĽҲƾ˼ӸŬǿŵʵٳѪҺ
ȻҲάȡɼĵӣ͸洫Ӳμ
Ľ
һýѡȡһƷн似ʸͬʱһƷʯһ
ڶȡѡȡһƷͽ似ʸ񣬻ȡǧƷʯһ
ȡѡȡһƷ似ʸ񣬽Ʒʯǧʮ
ǰ⣬ǰʮҲӦķ
Ϊе洫Ӷμ
һעĿΪϢȡǰߣý붫ؾؾʸ񣬻ôԵ
һϢȻδȷϣȴ洫ӵĹעһʱ䶼Ŭǿʵȡǰ
ڵȻӡ
ټ䳡ϣˣֳ֮࣬治һ½ӱԲ١
ŵӺŵӷķֳ䳡¡
ڳ룬ʮ̨֣ɢǿϢԳʦǿߵĹ
һɳѾϯϣĿ
μ洫ӻڱ̨ܡ
Ŀһɨǧ֮ࡣ
һСĿʮȣʵ΢ӶҲԿ洫ӵδм
ԣ
ϣ
ԵĿٿȻͣסֻɢԵϢӰĿУɵĿҰԵһĽϢ̲زиѪϢһǰŨǿˣ˵һǰĳһѷâ¶ı׸ôڵһʵޱȵĹŽ˷âȴӵ
߽׵ʦôܣһ۾Ϳ˳ԵΪ磬ɫһŵ˵ôôͻƵ߽׵ʦԭ֮ǰʮ㣬ԴܳԣڼԺȴ˶ҡ
ûʲôܡԵ˵
ߣ߽׵ʦҾͲţ㻹Դңһ˵һΣǲģһҪ㡣
ϣʧƽﵭȻ
ߡϼƽɫѿ˼㣬һ뿪
ԣ⣬û뵽Ҳͻ߽׵ʦһΣ㻹ңɾûôˡڳת֮ʱǰֱǿ־ͲΣʯһ㲻ֺ
ôͬҲϣʧԸоǿ󣬵Ǳѩ޺ۣǱԼɱһʦ˲ֹһԣȻ졣
ߣȻǺǰһĿһΣϣǸʱҪʱ洫Ӵˡһ˵ת뿪ˣһȻ֮ǰ࣬һͿԴ̼ġ
ȡ½ǰĳԡϺ죿
û뵽ҲμˣϣܹȡúõΡ
ˣ˾½еǿʵǿ洫ǰҲǲһܹǰٶ漣ˡ
ǰ̫ˣûлᡣ


583 ¡ͷ
Ȼ½ӣȴǰĴڣȻкܶŵӺŵʶǣ˳֣Щ⣬û뵽ǾҲμֱȡ衣
ˣ
ʱһӺȻһԭֵ䳡Ȼֻһһͷһ߽䳡Ϣƴǹ־İԵԿԸоõϵǹ컹Ҫǿ󼸷֡
ʮ洫ӣڰˣ
Ȼ漸λҲ֪ܹʮ洫֮Уǲ򵥵
οʱѾǾŽ׵ʦ֣ȫϢˮ©ݳԹƣѾѹĳԪһǿߡ
ȻǿѾǾŽ׵ʦˣ֪һܹǰûУ
ǺǣҪˣѵûн𣿺οǰĴڣһ֪Դ⡣
˵òˣ˿϶Ҳ˲٣ٶп̤˾Ž׵ʦ֮С
һʮǿĴڣһ֣һƬڣ˷
Ҳˣ
ֻӰ䳡ϣϢ͸ʵ
ߣ
һۣһһϣ˷ϣȻûʲôɫˡ
ȴѸջĿ⣬䵽ϣڷҪһϴΪһϣֻܸ˰УˣУΪ֮Ŭһ꣬
ԣҪܵľ¡ˡ
һΣһҪˡ˵
ôһңһ죬ҲҪҡЦ
ҪôңǰʮĻᶼûСɫһ䣬˵
ӡ
ϻ˵̨ϼ°ɣ˵
ԺǺһЦ򷽽˵û뵽Ҳﵽ˾Ž׵ʦҲǣһΣҪһѩǰܣ㣡
˵Ļһңһ죬Ҳ⡣Ե
㡭Զʱһࡣ
Է쵼ߣһ¡Ҳˡ
Ȼһ˴
¡
ԣĿͫгһӰж¶һĨս⣬ΪǶͬһϰ¡ϣһϴҲ⣬֪Լ¡֮Ĳࡣ
Ҳˡ¡һɫ£ڷͬһ˩һ𣬿ʮֵѣϣȴһλߵƣͷ˶һƸУʵΣֻбȹ֪ˡ
ʦ֣¡ǰҷΪ˶¡ĿֲᣬĶ֣˵ǰĴڣǿԱġ
ǿ˵
ʮͿϵԵͷǸоϢľеȴˡ
¡ǱԷ쵼ߣƾƣͲǷ˿Աġ
ô˵¡һĴڣȻ˿Կġ
һһµһ
ŵӶۼ¡ʵһˣʵǿ
¡Ϣƴ󣬾罭һ㣬ֻһ˲ͽΧսУɫ䣬ƵȻһ߽䳡֮·ͷ·Ϸ˼ߣٴء
һ㣬Կ˶ľ
һǿĶ֣
и˴𰸣֪¡ԼȡǰĶֺ֣ǿĴڡ
ûк£һ˷ܵĸоѪ·ȼһ㡣
ߣǹޣϢԵ˫Ȼ֪¡ʵǿᣬҲû⣬ӭĿ⣬һ
ԷԱ쾹Ȼ˲̺ǳ
ҲǰҲѵѵǡ˵
˴ŭɢǿϢƹȥ
һȻ壬ͬɢǿϢ
ס֡ʱ¡Ȼ߳һۣ˵죿
Ȼ
Ȥ¡һЦ˵Ҫ㣬ûʵͲҪ̫񣬷ûùӳԣȻΣҵУȻʲôǡ
ԣüͷһ壬ȻоһѹԼϣˣӿһĨ԰ס
ֻǸһѵ´Σɾûôˡ¡ĵ
̧ͷ¶ӣȴ¡Ѿȥˣɫʱҧ˵ɶ񣬽һУҳһġ
̫ǿˣ¡һĴڡ
ǰǴΣ˵ǰʮʵû뵽¡ǰֵʵûУֱ֮
Ҳ֣¡ûʵҲ˱Է쵼ˡ
ΣһƬ䶯Ȼ¡ǰȴֵʸûУǾ¡ʵǶɵˡ
ǿʵһĨɵܸ죬֪ǿ󣬵ȴ޷֮ԼĻ¸Ӳ
洫ǰʮĴڣȻûһߡص˵
ʮû˵ս˫ȴţ롣
ⲻ֣ٸһʱ䣬١Ц
ԣ¶һЩɣˣһߣǰѵһ壬ɳٶ֮죬ţֻһʱ䣬ͿԴﵽ¡ĳ̶ȣҪģֻʱѡ


584 µŮ
ǿҪġսܣȼա
¡ǿˣһеÿˡ
ӣѾѹ˰˳Ԫȼ޾Ž۷ʦ֡
һһ
ϯϣҲע⵽¡
󣬳Լʮ洫ӵˣͻ
ǵĳֲû̫ĺ䶯Ͼǻܺ¡Ტۡ
䳡һƬ˳ġ
һԣ۲Щ洫ӡ
ͬʱҲʩˣһʱ䣬ǳɳȴԶԶܺͿϵȣȻûвʸ
˳̸ۣһ˭пȡõһ
һ⣬˶ΪһĵһˣҲһĵһ˷Ѻ
ΪѺʵ̫ˡ
ڶĵºķҲ޷⣬һѺµӳ̫̣ǣǿ絶Ҳ޷ʹȫ
ʵɲĸݡ
ȻҲЩо˷Ѻǿǲһɲ״ѹС
뿴Ѻһܹô˵硣
£
ͻȻһվ
һ˲䣬ԵӵĿⶼŴ˵Ŀ⿴˹ȥԵҲ⣬˳ͬһȥǵȳ棬;úƴ
䳡ڣʮӰ˽
ǰŮӣһˣԺȻʶ׸ķ𣬶ߵŮӣݲԶˡ
׸һˣ£
£һ£ڷͬϵȵ˿һ㣬񻣬磬ǿȥ˾ĶǰƤͬţ̰Ĺޱȵˣû˿覴ãҴ
ǴŵЦݣʱʱ޵ӣһ˿֮ĶľĶǣͬմƷƻ
£һŮˣ
ǳԶĵһۡ
ǳԶԼŮ˵УߵۣǱϼŵϼҲ⡣
ҪŷѩƯһ֣Ϊϣûзµ֮ŷѩȴԶ崿ˣ̲ס
ҼŮˡص
ŮȷʵǲģȴҲǶһ˿УŮû˲ϲ
µŮˡʮԼ࣬ʮ侲˵עĲǷµʵϵϢɵ
ԣص˶ͷ
洫Ĵڣܲ𣿺οǷ׸ĸ
ͳ϶Ҳע⵽˷£һǵ֣һǹ֣־ԶʤˣǶǿܹ̤۷ߣΪһŮ˽飬ԼҲ־ҡֺ
Ҳ˷£ǹעĲòʵΪ֪Ůˣж£ǱԷ쵼ߣһĵ¡Ҳˣ£һǿŮˡ
һ½ӹȻͬѰɨһۣԵ˵ս۵ף΢΢һЦ򳽻ԣԷ˵Ǿǳ԰ɣ
㡣ͷ𳽻Ծܾ׸Ŀųԣģͺ޲ýһ
˽׵ʦٶȣЩŵĵҲԶԶɡ˵
˽׵ʦ㣬ôǿԾʵ
šµͷ˵ҲʵΪǿѹҷ׸󡣡
ߣǽĶ֡˵
ǺǣˣʱգȻԳҡЦǺǵ˵
ԣһ˵
ֻһЦŷ¡
䳡ҲΪµĵµĸ߳
˵Űӵˣ¡ͷ˶żĺøС
Ѿѹ˾ųԪʵӦýڼ޾Ž۷ʦ޵оŽ۷ʦ֮䡣ڷ£೤Ϥˣò츳ŮеĵһˣһЩϣܹͷһĳ֣˳ǵע⡣
޵оŽ۷ʦ֣һЩֶϵĻԺһʦ⣬һһߡ
ˣǲҪˣѺ͵СһϷѾӵ޵оŽ۷ʦʵ
ɣ޵оŽ۷ʦɲô״ﵽģҲûгһˡ
ųܣϾеκһˣԺɵŵᲢۣﵽ޵оŽ۷ʦ֮Ҳ֡
ϣˣһžͿǰع鱾ˡ
ڳۿΪŵĳϣϣܹع鱾ڣǿѺ͵ɾǵϣ
ͬʱҲһμ洫һŵ˽⡣
ͻȻоһĿ⣬ֻڲԶעԼ
棿üû뵽澹ȻҲֻߵ˭Ϣƴ󣬺ȻӵоŽ׵ʦΪӦò֮
ü˵Ĵ磬һʮߣ½ʱѾ뿪ţӦΪ˲μεѾͻ˾Ž׵ʦС
ǳԣһǰĿưһָӵĿųԣоԵΪʱɫһ䣬˽׵ʦ
ʲôԴʧɫʵ磬˵ͻ˰˽׵ʦôܣǰֻһ׵ʦоȣû뵽Խչ֮죬ȻͻƵ˰˽׵ʦԼҲŲ׵ʦѣ˴ܴ


585 洫
ѹܹҵܵ棬Ȼܹͨġ
л佱Ե
㲻Ҫ⣬ȻμһôҪңһ֮˵Ȼƽ̺־ȴǲɶҡҪҪѵһ³ԡ
ҲȰһ䣬ʵҪȡǰĶֱǳΣ˷ˡЦ˵
һڵġû뵽ţŭȼգ漴һȥ
ԣҵţҴǲŹġָԣʮ㣬˵ת뿪
֣Ȼ洫ʮǿӣʵףҲҪСġص
СˡԵĵ
ԣصһЦȻ֪ԵľʵΣȻҲμһȻ̣ʵˣǿҲֻǽѹԪѣŽ۷ʦԶֵʸûС
ҪսԲѵһ֪ô

ͻȻ䳡䶯ͬһƽĺȻˡ
£
ϰھڻڡ
һӰѩһףδģѾоǹµĵϢ־Ǽ͵ÿ£Ųʯһ㣬ԿӰʱȴǷ֣ûκγڵĵֵͨͨǵȻʣ˭벻ǵ£һڶĴڡ
£££
ֻ˲䣬ȫǻ֣ơ
ǵ£ʮǽ֣һֿ콣񣬶Դ˵еŵһȻǸעΪû׳ǰԺлۼ£ǻԼ۾ΪԼеĵ³ʵ̫ˡ
£һͨȴͨĵ֡ĵӣȻ£һμʱҲǺʮһԾ֪µĿ£һܹУԲڶ
ϸоκϢص˵
˶֪κ϶ϢΨһˣܹϢ£ˮ©Ǿǿߣ֮·һǰˣˣĿ¡
ڴ֮ǰһӵܣһЩ仯ƴ䣬ȻΪ־ߡ
ΣҲڳϸо£ǵˣ
洫ӵڶ˵ʵ𣿡˫۾â˸ȻϢȴԸо̺ĿֱֲǿԴɽƺͬһɽһ㣬ʱпܱ
ǿˡ˵¡˵ĸоѹȵĻô¸ǴľǻԵǸԿ⡣
ǶĶ֡˵Ҳֻܹѹס
ԣȻ֪˵˭
˾洫ԺһˣѺ
һǿҪˣ
£ͨƵȻӰ죬Ŀ䵽˷ϣûκκһˣΪڳ洫֮Уֻзܹһս¡Ҳ⡣
㵽һˣº͵µĿһƽˮʵ
ûСҡҡͷ޵оŽ۷ʦɲô״ﵽģҲһ֮ң˵Ҳﵽˡ
ѺҲӦõˡԣ˿´ﵽ޵оŽ۷ʦĵزɾͲǶ֣ûдﵽĻһϸµͷڷѺ¿͸
ѺˡĬȻȻתƽڡ
Ѻˣ

ôûпأ
⻰һ𾪣ĴѰҷѺټ
Ҳüͷһ壬ΪûиоѺĴڣѵǵ˵ѣܣ԰ҡͷԵµǲ˵ѵģǾ˵ѺȷʵǵˣֻԼûиоϢ
⡭ǳǼᶨΪˣҲΪݲ²о𾪣Ҫ֪ľѾһʦĵزȴоѺĴڣǶԷжǿѵʦǰߣ
漴Ծҡͷ񶨣Ź涨ǴﵽʦͽΪϣûвμʸҲ˵Ѻûдﵽʦĵز
޵оŽ۷ʦ
ͫ΢Ҳֻдﵽһܹоѹ˾ųɾŵԪʱпʦ֮УҲֻˣܺΪһ壬оĴڡ
ͬʱҲ֪¾һҲԶˣǸӦѺĴڡ
Ѻ£ǿĶ֡
ɫأܹоѺĴڣҲ˵¾һҲԶˣвҲһԼҲֻܵˣֻǲ֪һ˭£ǷѺ
𾪵Ȼ¡ˣϣҲ¶ɫϼͬʱ̾û뵽Ĵﵽһ
޵оŽ۷ʦ
οĶųţŵ¡
Ǻǣ£һûû뵽ҲһܺãôˣҲֻܹԴĴѰҷѺӰʱһƮȻȻóɫһ䣬ΪҲԴͷͺǴ˷ͬʱһ
ȻһĿǳĳ˵
߳һӰ
Ѻ
ûпӰ˾ȵĺ֡
ѺѺѺ
ȫں֣糱ѹ֮ǰ³ֵĳʤ֡
Ӱȫ߳ڿģһɫ£޳һͷڷڼͷϣһɫʣ⣬һɢϢ


586 Ķ
ϵƻȻɣ·Ϊһ塣
Ѻ˵ϣԸоһɱһʦΪµϢɽ籼ףһֲתƣָоȵϵƸΪǿҡ
ѺԵĸоǰδеǿ
ʷԸо˼ѹȸС
ϵ˶أþδ־ᶨĳϺҲ¶һ飬Ŀ⣬˾޷ӣɽǿᡣ
ǺѾͬһĶˡЦ
ǰһһ˾͵֮еġͷ˵
ȵ¸ǿһ֣ǵ½ĵ˴֮ǷѺĶ֡˵
ԣ˶û˵ȴͬĻǿ£Ҫ֪ǷѾ˴֮
ҲԶˡʱ÷Ѻ˵
㲻Ҫ˵̫磬ҪȡõһλãҪҵ¡°Ȼ˵
ǺǣڴһսѺЦ
ãʮ洫һҲδ̫ĺ䶯ϾѺ͵ʵ̫ǿˣǿ󵽿ѹ˵Ĺâ
ʮ洫һƽԲ
洫ӺŵԼŵӼˣҲǲ֮ǰԣȻ
ǣϯϵλҲϯһԲ羴·ڵȴʲôҪһ㡣
ԭ糱䳡ҲǾ

һԽӹֻڵ
һɫ£ƽͣȴ̺һɲŭ飬һĴڵ߳ӵŸֵλȨصĳϡ
ݼţ
гϡݵ
𣡡λڰ֣˵ʽʼֳ
ֳĿ⻷ȫѸջأһһᣬμӴ˴洫ǧİˣΪʮ飬ÿʮˣԹ£ͬһȡսģʽһΪ̨ʮܵĵӣͽڶֱԡ
Ҳ˵ʮӣÿжʮӽڶ֣ûСȻޱ˵ÿڶֵĶʮˣһһıԣÿǰӣʮ鹲ʮӽ
ͨʮӣоּ˵ȡķʽУÿһӷֱͬʮӱԣʤһһ֣һһ֣ܷʮķ֣ջֵĶ٣
˶٣ֳĿٴɨһۣص˵һȡͬķʽΪǰʮߣڻ÷ͬʱǰˣŲμӴ˴ζݲؾμӲؾζʲôҶӦ֪ɣ
ؾ
δ䣬еӷǸ˵ݱأѧ洦ɵõĲܾؾΣأܹųˣٷ֮ʮܹΪʦǿߵؾ𣿡
찡Ȼǲؾѹӡ
ǲܾ񣬴ϹĳɵַҶݴ߷֣øɵӽУһΪҲΪ˴̼֮ľžȻܹʵǳϰ
˵ǣǵһΣҲŷѡ
һλѵãʵ㣬ҲҪƴһѣ
ҲҪһȡ
˲Ǽ䣬˷䳡ϵÿһ˷ܣ¶ǰδеս⣬·ͺ޲̨սһ㡣
ãȻҶѾ֪ˣǱڿʼʮԱǰʮŵĵǰһ飬ʮһŵİٰʮŵĵǰ̨ԴƣǰС顣ָߺһ˵
ַ鷽ʽˣܶǧİӾͰոԵǰԵı̨
߰ʮߺţ
ǳԵš
飡Ŀһǰ̨
ʮͿϵ˶ûвμһǹۿһԳ˽һԼĶʵǺͳԽãȻ泽ֳ̨֧ˡ
ǣʩȻҲ̨΢΢һЦ˵ԣһˣ㣬ϡ죬Уõ㣬ϣ㲻ҪЩ½ʧ
ʦ֣Ƕ֧㣡½Ӵ˵
ǰ½ӵĴʦ֣ҪͰһ½Ӹе
ٺ٣֣ȻϺʵҿʵǿģɲҪ̫ˡֵһ˹˵
ãԵͷĿᶨҿһۣϱֵ˶飬򱻷ֵ顣
ߣ˵ҲͷҲԼмＸȻλ洫ʦǰźԣ滹ΪԼڸŵʱ𣿡ʱֻ߹䳰ȷ˵ԣ洫ϣ㻹ǹһԼУСĵ˰
˵꣬Ķһλ˵԰ɴ硣
˺ȻĴ磬洫һʮĴڡ
ǳԣĿƽ·ûнԿһ㣬֮⣬˽׵ʦѹҲμһȰ㻹ɣΪһֶ˵ġĻʮֵƽͺ˵һѾΪʵһ

Ϻܷ˶һŭɫ˫ȭա


587 ̫
㲻ҪԼһʮͺ˲бȥܷѺ͵ǼƢ𱬵ĺбȥ¡
˵öԣҲֻ½ǰŶѣ洫ǰҲһβ͵ĹѡԴӼϿ˳Եݣܵ裬ŭ
Ǻǣ洫ԺСҲ졣Ц˵
ǡɫʱһĿɭÿ£ֵָܡ
ǲ˵㣬㲻ҵ°ܽѣ㻹û˵ʸ񡣡ǰһĿֱ˵̲ܽĵӣҲ̹ܽܽ
ԣȻʹеΪֹˣҾҪΪ˵Ļе̩Ȼ˳ⷬҲŭ˵ڴҪЩңһ֪ڡд
˴ΣЦ
ģһЦ֮Ŀųԣ㻹ûʸ񡣡
㲻ҰɣЦ
ãҾʹӦ㣬ôģȻ֪ڴ̼Լ⻰Ҳŭȼգô洫ΧӦ洫ԺеɾĶˡ
ͶҶһսӮˡ˵
ӮˣҾҪǵһУԼۡĴϳԵĻһЦ˵𣿡
ԡЦӮأ
ЦӮңⲻܣ·û˵ôЦЦУʼնûнԷ;һСһȴ֪ڳУС󣬳һƽ˵ˣҾҪƷʯԼۡ
ãҴӦ㡣ԥĴӦۿųԣϧûˣŽǽԼ۰ɡ
𣿽ֻδ֪̫ˡԵ˵
ߡ޲ھɱԣ֪ڲܣһЦһ˱̨¡
Ҳߡ˵
һ̨¡
ԣаպһս𣿡ʵ
ǰһʮǿߣΪͻƣʵǰˣɲҪ°ص㵣˵
ȻҲŭѣʵ;ÿ¡
ҶҪˣȻָҴӦһԴҪģǵſԼұۿɡȻЦ
Ƿģзִ硣һɵ
˵ˣϵ˲ŵͷٶʡ
ͬʱԶĶ飬ȴͬ˳һѸٴ䳡ĵӶ֪顣
Է˲ɣҷۺĶ
ҿ·һʮǿߣѾǾŽ׵ʦǿߣԾǳ˫ҲĶ֡
ҿǶ½ӵһ󣬾Ͳ֪ԼʲôˣΣսֱǲ֪ҵҪοԼұ۵ġ
۷׷ףΪԿԴ󣬲һսֱ·
սϵһʱ͵֪Ϣüͷһ壬˵Ȥһҵӣȴ֪ʵΡԴӰܸԺ󣬳ϾͷΪľгһܹܳԣһѩǰܡ
һСѣҲսԣֱΪǣҲգҵ̽·ʯҲ鿴һʵɡǹϢ¶׺ޱȣһЩĵӶٱƽʵʵá
һ½ӶѣȻǵһΣţѵһ£֪һЩ֪ϢûнԷЦ˵
һ־ˡЦ
֪£µ֪·Ц
ôϣһôġһڶĴڣʵڷѺϢֻǾĶΪⳡѾעֵһЩȤζ
ԣǸͷʢ½ӣѺ¶һ˿Ȥ˵
ʮ洫Ӷ˳ԶĶϢΪȻΪһСѡ
㣬̫ˣҶĶ𾪵Ǳ飬ƺԳûм׸
ž֡Ц˵ϣܹǴһЩ֮ľϲɣ
ߡԶĳԣǣ׽Ϊ˿سԡ

һ䳡ָƽ
Сʼ
Ÿֳϵʽʼ
ʮСȺ˵һλ
̨

һӰ̨ݺһ磬תһ洫վ˱̨һˣ˽׵ʦΪֻ͵ΪҲǲμ͵Ҫ󣬱Ͼ˽׵ʦûдﵽʵûвμıҪΪһֶˡ
ҵһԸ㣡
̨Ҳһ˼ʦ洫ӣΪ¡
ʱڣѷֳʤ
ǣԹ۲һ£ʮ洫ӱֱֵʮСУڵǣھŵ
һɫ£Ŀ䣬̨£ʼ۾ûȻǰıԣ۾
ϣܹоһǿҵĺ¡һ㡣

һ϶ǺѧһΣ򲻻Լоǿҡ
ʮ洫ӶǼ򵥵԰
صҲǾʵѳҪСġ
һ㣬Ȼ֪
һǰҪһ˭ֹǰĽŲʮ洫ھŵ


588 һս
Ȼӵսһʦʵ
СݱĽţԽԽ˷ܡ
һͬĹɣǾʵǿ洫Ӷûг̨ϣȻ̨ϵˣֵǳ֣һЩ˼ǵĵȴ̨Ĵ㣬Ϊ̨֪ӵʵԽҲǽһֵĺʱ
ȵгʱ̨Եʮ֣ɶʵ൱ǿģԶڴ˿̨ս֣Щʵеȵĵӣһ̨
һܿ챻Щʵǿĵӷ֣ǰü漴һ㣬ԭǲƽϣһͬǰǽýؾʸҲԭĴ㣬̨ˡ
һʱԭͼıԣһӱǿǿԿ
ΪԽԽǿ̨гѾģ־Ž׵ʦ̨ľˡ
ֵʮӣʵǿԳԵĹ۲죬Ѿѹĳɰ룬ɵĵزȶŽ׵ʦ֣ľһЩһȡòɼĵӣеһ
ȴûг֣ĿżڳͣǹһĻȣͷ·Զ˳һ㡣
Ե棬һЦѾԱԼݺݴ̨ϵĳ档
һУȻ۵ס
֪ԴУ
οҲûڵһ־ͶĴ㣬ȻһԵʯҲԼ洫Ժĵһսģ洫ԺӿвСĺôҾķչѾʮ洫Ӽ
һȻûзɡ
أ
ʱ̨һܡ
Իվ𣬿һۣԿϵ˵ȥˡ˵꣬ǰ߳Ծϱ̨
ԣ
Ȼ̨ˡ
ǿǻʱҲǰ˽׵ʦһս˲٣̨ȥˣǹġ
ҲŲСһ½ӵһˣӥźڵ½ӣȻʵȲ洫ӣȴǲֺ̨ϣ˲˵ĹעǳЦ߾Ӷࡣ
ԴˣԲΪȻԣʵûкЩ֮ƽϣֻóʵǲŻ㣬Ǻ㡣
̨ˡ˫΢У˵
磬̨ˣҪúõĽѵԡԳԵĺ޿Ǻ޵˹޲ء
ٺ٣Ҳ̫ˣҪɲзϣΪһˡһһɫĵܵ棬˵˵һòãʱ˲зϣͰŪ֣ãôû
˵Ķԣֻйȥܵͷŭ𡣡¶ɫݵ˵ڳԵã˵ģǿ춼Ůһȥһ뵽ԵųԵ棬ãûɵһˬ죬޲ÿЩԱɲзϵĳ
ԣָ̨̣ϣԹ˵
ߣǳԣҲˣҪΪͿԴңûŶһ˽׵ʦ洫ӣʵֻһεͨߣЯʤ֮ƣҲǲСȻγһɲս⡣
أ
һ̨̤ͷ·ڵһ㣬¡죬˲Ϣ䣬ƽԣһ󵶣ˮն£ͬһˮϵһ㣬Х˲С
ԾսȻսʵսḻ˼㣬ܹٶҳֵ
ৣ
ֻƫƻΣ罣Ƥһ㣬ץסִĿյһƻӳͽ󵶻˳ȥ
ʲô
洫дַɳɫ䣬û뵽һоʹԼľʹܣһȫһ˲ǰ˸۾һøʹһ˳ȥһʱ֮ˡ
ԻʤΪµһλսߡгϸ˵
˻
£ΧһƬȻ洫Ӿһԣ˲ҲӦôŶԣȻһоͱԴˣʵ̫˾ˣȫеĽһ
⳽ԺûôһŽ׵ʦ洫ص˵
ߣˣҲֻһ˽׵ʦѣʵǿܹǿȥԱһ洫һ˵οһа˽׵ʦڶ֣
⵹Ҳǡ洫ӵͷ˵ҲһЩˡ
ȻӮˣ𾪵
ϵУͿܹܲսˡµ
šͷ
ֹȻûʧһ̨һź졣Ц
ֵʵԤеĻҪǿϵͷ˵
źãҿǺϣܹڳϳԱģЦ
ԣ˶һЦ
ߣɶ񣬴磬ھ̨ѵɡӮˣＫΪˬÿ¡
ҵҪܹߵһڰ֣˵ο˿ϣ˾õĥ˷
ãҾġЦ
ܵһ֣ûбֳһ˷ܣһƽ
ڵȴڶ֣
ʤ
ʤ
ͻȻСгϵ

ʱȫڣÿһ˵϶д˲ŵɫ
ܣ
ͬʱ˶ŵҡͷ


589 
ϡ죬ǲһ½ôͨһֱԣ
ǰһǲгˣ½ô½ڶֱԣ˵ǰ˽׵ʦΪôһʮ洫ӣ
ǻû˵ɣǰЩӴһʮŵĴڣܹʮ洫Ӳ֣ڳϣĿǰ궼ѵһɱ¾⣬ͬ޵У֮ǰ춼ˣһҲʲô
Ȼ£һ½ʵ̫ˡ
𾪣û뵽½洫ɱڶֱԣҪ֪ϣǲܷģһһĴڣѺûοǳϺˣʵˣˡ
ϡʮ洫ӣһֱˡ
쿴һ½ӵһ˳ԿʼбˣϺ춼һ֣֪һܷʮ洫ӣһ֣ܣǬԪһſɾͶˡ
ߣǿȥ
ܿ죬ע⵽̨ҳΪӵ
ΪĻҪȳϺ˴ö࣬½ӵһˣһӥšʮ½ӣʵǿǰˡ
ڳϺ˶һ֣ȻγһȽϣǳ԰ܱĻǬԪһţɾͻΪһЦ˳Ц
ϣģ̨£һЦĿųԡ
ͬʱϺ춼̨¡
һۣ˱˴еŨŨս⣬Ŀⶼͬʱƿ䵽˳ϡ
Ƕ֪˶ܸ˳ԣͬʱϣܹһִܳԣȻҲǸעԵģϣܵͬʱҲϣܹͨ
Ϊܣζǲս»ԣִʵһź
֮Խһ֣ǾζʵøǿˣǴܳԵϣҲ͸ãˡ
վĿֱӳԡ
ԣϣ㲻Ҫʧ֮ɻһսϱϾǳϣǱˣȻʤҲҪͳһսΪѾΪĽᣬͳһսڱС
ҲǡԽԽ٣ϵǹϢԽԽǿ
ģһҪִǶˣǲġЦ
̨Ȼһȣֻһǿ׳䵽̨ϣ˫Ŀۣ˼㣬˸׹⣬еԣս㣡˵գ˫̨𶯣ЯӴϢ·һһͷһ㣬ֱײ򳽻ԡ
Դ֣ܶҲ˲ٳϵĹעйȻǸע⳽Եġ
ǰԻֻһ׵ʦʱ򣬾ܹԽսĽ׵ʦӵа˽׵ʦΪ͸ڴԵıˡ
⳽ԲǬԪһţŶ̶һʱ䣬ʹһ׵ʦ׵˰˽׵ʦ㾫߽ף츳ǰ겻һ̾
ǰϵĿԪ嶼ֱһϵͷ˵
Ҳ컯ǣŲܸӵǿ󡣡ֳۺ룬Це˵
š첻÷ĵͷԳʮֵ⡣
һЩԴԵĳϼˣʶȤĲŶôسԣĻҶԳԲ
УڳԻصһ̿ʼͰעǧˮʱʱ̵̿㱨ԵϢԳԿ൱˽⣬֪ڵʵǿȻûеĵĵ
һУԶ֪Ŷֵһȭδ¶ֺ⶯

ǿ׳ŭȭͷ۳ʵһԶ۾ͬһСɽݺײ򳽻һ㡣
¡
̨Ϳռ𶯣˷۴⡣
ء
ǿ׳һȭȻǿȻûгΪֵóԳ޽գһ̶ͬһ龰̨ĵӶס˫οֱԳԵǿ׳ˡ
һŤֻ˫ѣ𣬿򳽻Ե˫ĿǸֳѪɫûзȭͷͬСɽһݺݴ˳ϣһ·ײһȦ
ˣ
Ĥˣǧ۷ڶǿ׳Ҳ̲סһε˳ȥ
ৣ
ûпǰ޽£貵Ľ֮⻪ءһ˶ּͷһһҽУػһ㵹˳ȥ
ʤ
гϳԾĿ˳һۣû뵽Ȼǿʵ˾졣
̫ǿˣͬǰ˽׵ʦ־ȻĻᶼûС
ȫѹԵս⳽ʵ̫ˣѵΪڶֵ½Ӳɣ
ɣҪ֪һɾֻгϡͳ½Ӳμӣ˶ڶ֣δҲ̫˳Ծ˰ɣ
ҲǲܣϾԿϺ춼ܴܵĺˡ
ΧٴγһʤһΪǳսģȴ˸ɾĴ֣ܶʵ붼벻
Ȼǿ龫ʵ˵
ߣôѵܹɣ˵
˭Ҳ֪˵
ԣüһ壬û뵽㾹Ȼӳԣʵ벻ΪʲôҲǳԱֵЩϰˣʵ㲻ʲô
û£һֱڽأ˵Ŀ⿴졣
ҪĿᶨ
Ҳǡϵͷ۳ս⡣
Ӯˣɶ˼ֱǷɴ۾ϢأȻǷŭ˼㡣
ҪлҪǿڲŵڶѣа˳ĵüȴһ˿أΪδϵԵʵǿ󣬳ϣвЩɣǷļͳԵĶĶ


590 ʵ
ͷֻһ˲ͱˣŲСԼĻˣ
еĽҲԼ
ڳԱֳǿЩ̨ȳԽĴʱ̨һٴܳԣȻ䣬ԾˣûоԵĹƽ
գϸֳһĨɫ
ΪˣûԼ̨֮ܶ̾Ĵ㣬һЦȻˣͱҲˡ
̨ĺԼһսҲֻССĽѵһ£ϾûֱӵìܣֻΪѣھͲͬˣԷųսԼĴ㣬֮ʵڲݳ̣ԳԲݺݽѵһ¡
һ㣬ûпЩĵӾͿˣ̲סһۡ
Ȼûг֣ĿһۣΪһʮߵĴڣʵģȴ˼ɵԵʵּʵڲϿɡ
ԽԽȥˣһ½ӶֱӶԸҪס֮֡Ϊʮ洫ӣҲͬİȻо
ǲò½һӵʵڸ̤Ž׵ʦߡЦ
ҿվƣֻеߣʵȴܸı䡣Ц
⻰ֻһЦȻͬ⻰
Ȥ˵
һУѺȴǲΪ⣬·һжע⡣
һĻͬϵ˻ϤŭѣȻԱֳǿʵͬҲĲѣϾҪýһֱԵʸ񣬾ͱʮ֣һսֻ峡ĵ߰˰ˣʱĻĶ֣
ȻⶼΪֻǸǰǵĵʦսȴûиԼȡõĳɼ֪ĻҲͲôˡ
һλսߣгϸ
ԣ㲻һ½ӵһˣȻҪ㡣£̨¾һһֿһֻ̣һߴӰ˱̨ϣһƤڣ׳꣬һͷïܵĺڷͺһͷʨһ㡣
˽۷ʦ
ɨһۣ֪Ϊ޹ֺ˵ⷬҪԼ
壬ĵְɣ

˻һ̨Χ˷ڡ
⳽ԹȻһĿֿǰ˽۷ʦȻȳֱ֣Ŀˡ
ҿһذɣʵ̫ˣսҲĳɣһս֮ˣʤֱǳΡ
˵ǣǲ֣Ծ͵Ϊֹˡ
һЩΪ£Ŀ߹ĵӶмڳΪһԸ̸ۣٲȻһǿ̬
ΪԵĶ֣ߴ͸ӷŭˣû뵽˿ԼֱǱףһĴһѩѩĸϣ׳â¶ɢϢиˣǿޱȡ
츫֣ǿϢڸߴܣͬһˣͷ죬Ųģ̤ĳһǡ

̤һ磬ǿƵ˼㣬ǰ˽۷ʦǿߣĿưŸӵĿ⿴ųԣԣɣ
ɣȵ
һƽվǿϯǲֺʯȴһɷĽ˫ּۣǲԸ©ԼʵȫһдѹԼʵǰֻʵ
ڣóʵ
ܸߴ꣬㹻ˡ
ⲻǿʵ
ಣ
˲ϢߴŸ˳ǰն£Ƹ죬Σͷ·ǿ֮һ㣬Ҫ컯أ֮ףųԵͷ¡

˫ֱ⸲ǣͬ޽϶£µĸһ

ߴŭ𣬼ӴҪԡ
顪
˳ϣһ޴Ľײͷ·᲻ϣǽһ۸ߴѹᾹȻҲ䲻һ硣
ôܣߴʧɫû뵽ԵȻԼҪ
ΧӾ͸ˣߴȻԣ֪˻һЩ֪˵ܹܳԣû뵽Ȼѹˣֱ޷󳽻Եжǿ
⡭Ŀɿڴ˵
ɶ񣡡һ̣ɫˣ۽ȻԿߴʵǿһˣӺ;Ž׵ʦ⣬ȻƾѹƳԣ˵ԵʵѾھŽ׵ʦ
뵽ɫÿ£ת֪ʲô

ߴ֣˫ŸݺѹҪȥ
䡪
û뵽ǣһǿޱȵӸϴֻѪ۵һһѪԼͬ߷һ㵹˳ȥݺˤ˱̨ϣѪһأȾҰɫ̨档
˻
˶̲סһĿɿڴĿųԣЩԭ𳽻Ե洫ӸľòҧԼͷʧⲻܣ
̫ˣ̫ǿˡ
ǰ¾ǾŽ׵ʦûȡ
ڲ֪ΪʲôΪǧǬԪһˣͲܹͨģҲѹ½ӱϣϺ춼
һ̣ʵЩԭĵӣϿ
찡ֻ᲻Ҳ壬Ȼôôʧ¾ңҲȲ
ƾֿҲԽһ֣Ͼ˿ǰ˽׵ʦжĴڡϿЦ
ǰһ̣ص˶ò̾ԵʵеĵҲһ֡


591 
һĻȻǱǿǳһ
⳽ʵǳϣ˴ѵǳʲôݲɣһԾ
ܡһͬĵͷ˵ֲ壬Ӧǳʲôݣ򲻻ô
˳ԾҲһĺֳЦ
һԣ̾ǳ⳽Եı֣Ҳٴӿ϶һȷľ
϶¶֮ɫû뵽Ź͸ֳ϶˿سԣȻǳǵϡ
˼Ц
ҲܹõһĻҲȡýյĵλ¡ΪȻ˵
ȻֻҪһУ
Ҳǡ
ʮ洫ο𳽻ԣȴ޷һ㣬ԽԽĵϿɳԣмĴ㡣
ԴˣԺ⣬˵ĺܶԣֻҪԼϱֳǿʵγ洫ԺӲأ
գƳһɫƽȴ¶һĨ֮ɫȻֻһȴ䵽У֮ȥһŤȻŭվԣս㣡
¡
һ䣬ܳǿЮܣͬһڵ䵽˱̨ϣ̨¡졣
̲סˡ
ǱԸ̼ˣҲһ½ʵǿҲܲ洫ӿﰡο
һʮλĴڣʵǿڸʤǰӵǰʮǿǱһԣȻ޷ˡ
Ȼ֣𼫶ĵӹעĳɵĵӾۼ̨ΧΧˮйͨ
̲ס𣿡Ц
ҿҲ޷һ½һٶƣοޱ˵
Ըʧ֡˵
㣬е˵Ի᲻䣿
ȻҲ֪Եжǿһκβµ˵
ôԾôǿ
šµͷûж˵ΪԼľԼȻڳϸоһɵǴԵģ˵ȥûţԼĸоΪָоζΣ
磬˷֮ɫ飬ͺѾ԰ڴϣĵӡ
֣ɫ󣬴
صҲϣĿ⿴ųԡ
ϺҲ۾ĿųԺˡ
һǿߣһ㣬ǳϣ춼óϣȻܿһսȴԿ峽Եʵ
Ǿ飬ҲоԼڼ٣֪ΪţΪԭ
䳡̨ڵ˼㣬Ϊȫ֮ڣʹ󲿷ֳҲ̲סĿ۹
һʮ
Ž۷ʦ֣ʵǿ
ԣ½ӵһˣ˽׵ʦȴΪǬԪһţԶ
˶ӵм
ڴһսȻǸעĿ
ԣס֮ĶԼЦ
ְɣԵ
һڵģ˻ֻĿνһӰͬһƽԣһڵǰĿռͬ֩һ㣬飬ȴ֩ӿ£ɢɭϢ̨ڣڣͷ·ǵһ㡣
ˣ
ʲô
ģ̫ˣʩչʲô
̨ɫܲͬǰһ㣬ѹѹһƬѹָУͷ·ƾһʯѹͷ޷ɣܶԵӶ̲ס˺󣬲ȥ
ǡ
ʮ洫üһЩ϶üͷĿ¶֮ɫ
ֳϳ˵
ʲôڳ϶󾪣ȻһЩѾ²⵽˸ֳ⻰Ҳɫ䣬ȻǴ˵м亱һʱ׾ʲôƿ˼
Ȼռ䡢һһּƿصһѵһһ⣬ƿߣΪǿߡ
Ƕû뵽ȻƿҪ֪һǰΪһ󣬽ȴˣʵǲò˳Ծ
һһ
ΪŮΪΪΪΪΪɴ˿ԿǿٷĴڣ˵һʩչгϡ
¡¶֮ɫϢǾ͸оӵ˿һսʵ
ôĿ絶һʲôһն
ȤϣгϵľٶѺĿģ˿飬ϣ̫ãˡ
㣬ʲôһף̲סץסµֱۡ
еҲһأ˵û뵽Ȼ˴Ȼƿʵ⡣
ǳʵ
ԸһЩֶΣԸ׶༪ˡҡҡͷ˵Ѿӵпɺʮ洫һսﵽгɾĻҲĶ֡
ʲôԣ̲ס㣬ѵû취𣿡
ûСҡͷ
ԣףӲͣ


592 ʮ
˷½ס÷
Ȼ֪ΪʲôȴֹǶļɵ˿һǿ
䶨ˡ⵽˼㣬ЦȴûȥЦΪ˶ţ䶨ˣһĺܲң
䶨ˣ
ǰû뵽Ȼǿֵز¾ʮ洫Ӷѹס
ϣҼֱǲҸ
ŵӣŵӣ洫Ӷʵ˿ⳡĽ֣Աɡ
䶨ô
ϺһۣԸо˴˵˼ǶԸܵǿ󣬲Ķ֣ôԾʵǿҲ޼ˡ
Σգ
صͿϵ˶˱˴еɫһǡ
һҪֹŭ
УǲֹģһɰŹ洦áҡͷ
ô죬ѵǾվĿųֱɱ𣿡ŭ죬˫ͨ죬޲óϱ̨ڵĵ
ģؼʱֳ̣ϻֵġͻȻɣ˵
̫ˡԣһ
ȴ֪ԿǼܵʦĿأǲῴɱԵģȻҲŹġ
͡
ʱ̨һ
˴󾪣ȥֻ̨ȻǱ֣ȴɢĹâĿɫڿռתͷ·ڴʱһ㣬ɢ¶ļµ
ȴ޷оֺΪ洫ʶ̽սȴ̸оԼʶһɱ䣬ԴɭЮҪһ㣬ϮȫջʶҲҲ̽
صȻҲʶ鿴ܵɣջʶ
̽صü˵
𣿱ȴиӿ£ϣܹɹⳡѹءһص
ʮĬȻҪ֪Ѿ۳֮¼֮ƣȻ޷鿴˵ԺһսĿ¡
޷̽ΪʵЩϺ͹ȴܹĿ̨ϵʮ洫Ȼ޷ȫ壬Ҳܹ룬Ϥ̨ϵΣ⣬϶¶֮ɫ
̨ϣӣѾ̨γһķһС
Щֳɫ·ͬһ㣬ڱ̨ռ䣬۸ӵĽ֯һ𣬼ֱǺ޹ɿԣµǣȴܹ׵ĲЩ磬ͬצһ㣬ųԲȥ
͡
ռ䣬ܲ׵᲼գͿһգ޼Ĵڡ
Ϊ֮һʮֵļˣͬһ㣬ûκεĲԣ⻹ʴߵױʴΪһʼľע⡣
Ϊ֪Щʵµĵӿ̨ϵźͳȴһǵɱԵĻôѴ̣ٵĽŵŹ洦⣬óԳΪһ
ɱ˷ܡ
ʩչʱ򣬳Ծڵһʱо˼вֱȡ齣Ի潣壬ʴ
ʲô
ɫһ䣬ΪȻ޷ϸ˿Ĵ͸潣Ҫ塣
֪壬ԼȻվĻᶼûУ׸
ԣԹԵıɷɣ޷ֵġɭµû˵ʶɫһθо֣Ǹһʦǿ߶ûǿ
߲ȫۣѹһ㣬۵ޣѹ齣ڣʩչԴ飡
أ
һ㣬һ壬ȴ֯Ľ·ԽͬڵһûǺڰмڣ̱ը
ûõģԣͲҪͽˡЦޱȣĿڰǣͬһ㿴ųԣ¶ϷŪ֮ɫͬèϷһ㡣
ɫÿ£оĿ£û޷ƽ⡣
գһҧתСɵԴ⣬˸һɫĹ⻡˸֯ȴû̽齣ѹһ
ͽɫ΢䣬漴һ˵ҾҪ㸶ۣ
ն
Է·ûһ㣬˫űâǵ齣϶£Хγɴʱգռ䡣
¡
һХռڱը춯أһ¡
һԵޱȣ˻
ŹͳԼʮ洫Ӷɫ䣬ΪһΣѾ޽ӽһʦǿߵˡ
ʮ洫Ϊ𾪣˵û뵽ԵʵȻǿ󣬾ƾһͿԺһսˣǸҾʵȫԺǷͥȻǿԸоóֻǽС۷壬ȴӵ˺һʦǿһսʸ
⣬òӣ
ЩϾ͸Ӷݣû뵽žȻһӳôţƿĵӣǶһɣҲڳԣǾ͸ѵãΪŰ˽׵ʦΪȴӵǿսֱ˾÷˼


593 
첻ŭȴżһ˿ǣѾжгϣΣ̳־û뵽˵ıԾȻչز²гȶˡ
ԣѾô㣬һգԳֹⳡԡ
Σգ
Ȼ޷̨ϵ龰ȴԸоǹɼĽϢڳԵͬоһɸǿҪѹƳԵĽĥ
͡
ȻֻǽС۷壬δгɾ磬ѾԼ򵥵ĸıռĽṹ̬֫Ӷ߽⳽ԵĹơ
˫ֽӵˮӶı䣬仯ΪһĴڣȻһһ㣬ֹȥͣҪը˲䣬ɵȥ
˻˻˻˻
һƬУи飬ͬһ㣬ܴըǰԺԲơ
ɵȴǺĳųֶȥ
Ծһ㣬Ҫ׸
ôܣ䣬αˣ齣ǰѤõĽ⣬ͬһʵǿ󣬽֫⣬ֶ£ˣ˵ԣӲˣ
ˡĵоǿ󣬼ԼҲ޷ֵ
ͲĶֻ֣ܹ֣ⷬҵϡأʵڳԣҲСˡ
ҲͷϿɳԵʵȴɵ
һڳϳĬΪ֪һԳˡ
ֻһƽǾǸֳϺ͹죬ĿһĿųԣ·ڴʲô
Դ׹Ⲩ
ԴýӰ
Դ磡
һҲٱʵнӶʩչγǵصĽͰԵޱȵ׵磬Լ̺͵ܣֱǾ춯أ˵ʦߵķΡ
ʮ洫һӾվĿɿڴĿų̋һЩ϶վˡ
еƣ
Ƕˣû뵽ԵʵȫǶԵʦһβε⣬ʮ洫ӣҲòϿɳԣѾ߱ʵ
ӼζˣҪ̨֪Ϸʲô
̫ˣóȫʵҲһս֮ȴǲܷΪʤˡ˵
ƿ̶ѾԶԶǵ⳽Ȼ죬Ҳ޷ֵǡиǿĵƣ޷˵
ǿĵƣܣҡͷ˵
ҲòܣΪֳʵʵ̫ˣǿĵƣǿɾˡ
ɶ񣬳ԣܹƵóȫʵ԰ˣɣ
ĿһŤϲ磬ͬħһ㣬˻𣺡ʮֻͬˮһڿͬһ㡣
¡
µͻʮɣͬϣ಻γɸָĹʽ絶ǹһǵصѹ򳽻ԡ
͡
ﵽ۷壬ƻ춯أͬһ㣬Իѹ

ǿֲ˾ǣ֮£ﵽһٽ㣬ͬһʱըһ㣬ҪըðĭɢϢ𺧡
Ԫ
ǰδеأĿ⼸һ㣬γǿҵĽе齣ɢ纣齣бȣ޲ںһ𣬲׵ơ
أ
ըڶĹ⻡ȥɨϣԻٶû羹Ȼıûˡ
ʲôܣ
ڵһʱоת䣬Ȼͣ͵ơ
𣡡һɨķ֮УγһȦȦˮһĲƣˡһϯݺݵѹԪ棬ʱͬĦ죬
ǿռ
г϶йעһĻԭǶΪ޷ֵһУӲû뵽Ծǽ˥
ǶǼʶǿߣһϾǳɵ˵ܹͣͣΨпռһ㡣
ռ
ڳֹסͷ𾪣׷ʧţԵʦΪȻռô
ռ
ʮ洫ĸ֣Ǻݺһѣŵųԡ
һ̣ǲŸоԼԶԶ͹һгΪǿʵˡ
ⲻܣ
˻𣬻ͬħһ㣬ͬڰ˱ƽԣ̨Ҳ·Ҫһ㡣
ˡ
ʵҲ޷ֵȴǲԣǿľϯķ
ƣ
ʣҪѹԡ
꣡
Ԫվ޷ʤͬ˺ѵ
ã
ɫ䣬ɫѿ˼㡣
ԣþ֮Ҫͷϻóˣ˵ľ֮ǿռԣһ̶ϣԿ˵Ȼǿ󣬵ȫÿռķֽԣָ֣һͲΪˡ
ôû뵽⻰ͬඥһӾ˹ƾ֮Ҳ˲ȴȫԣʱһ󣬽Դˡ


594 ռ侫֮ķָ
գ۳ռԵľ֮
ʣ
ڳԵʶһĽһڼľ֮ζȴ̷ֽ⿪γһ״пռԵľȻΣȴнķȥ̿ʼи
꣡꣡꣡
һ죬Ǳָ顣
ôɫ󺧣αˣ򳽻ԵĿ𺧣Ǿ֮ⲻǾ֮˻ңʲô
ûᡣ˵
һʼľѹƣڵķֻо·һһ㣬ڣڿԿʼˡ

֮и·ɷ۴⣬ʹ˻Ѫ
ܣʧ
ô˵ϣš
⡭ɴ˫ۣ˵
ˡĥɰеĵ૵һǿĶְ
ǰѺͷ˵ҲһлҪпᡣ
ҲĿ⾼ĶŷѺ˵ţҲᡣ
Ѻ
еĳ϶סˣû뵽ԭһ浹ľ棬Ȼ˸תԾȻ
СӹȻûʧ캬Ц˵
ǰֳϵ
ˡɫӵĿ˳һۣ˵
ˣô£ɻʵ
䡪
һըͻȻֻڱ̨ϵ˲Ϣɢ䡱һһӰ˳Ѫϸߣݺˤ˵ϡ
˭
ʵĵӶ̨֪ϵսΣڼԱѹƺ󣬶һֱΪ䶨ˣɵǿ̨ǵӰʱ򣬼ʧˣþ˵Ƿ·ʧ˻һŴͣĿ͵վ

صͿϵȷӦĿɿڴ
ô
ݵ𾪹˶ӦˣǿŻãѪ壬ɵصܸԣһֱѹƳ𣿴óûз֮ô
㣬Ӯˣɴ۾дŵɫ
Ӯˡµͷûж˵ʲôҲֻûȥŶѡ
硪ĿŤ˻ߵ˻ôû뵽Ȼڳϣǰܵ˲ңֱ̫ˡ
ȿȿȣԣҰˣһսĲԩ㲻Ҫ˵̫磬һ죬һġȳһѪմѪ˫ĳ壬òվĿⲻʵĿų˵
㲻ҵĶ֣ԺҲҵĶ֡Եĵ
ҵšֹסеķŭһѪ˵գײײ˱̨
һ£֮ǰǵĶĶ𣿡ͻȻ˵
˻һȫٿȻžһľ
֮ĶĶ𣿡һ仰ͬһ䵽ĶУ˫Ǧһ㣬Ȼ޷ˣ沿ӲŤתۿųԣʵ˵ʲô
ƷʯԼۣ˵
㲻Ҫ̫ɫѿɭ˼㡣
뷴𣿡ͷųǿϢ֡
ͨ
˵ϡ
硪ǰ̾ͱǹǿϢײ˳ȥ
㡭̧ͷ򳽻ԵĿĿ־塣
˶ˣɴ۾һĻԼ۾û뵽ڴ󣬾Ȼ֮ǰĶ֮£˵ȻΪ֮ǰûһ˻뵽ʤ˻ǳԣ
ǰһУȴǸǣһʧߣô֮ǰĶĶҲȻ顣
ֻǣܶ
Ʒʯһۣ
ǰ߻˵ߣһֱۣɱҪܣûۣΪȻǳΪ󣬵˶֪һжȡ
ڵϣϥ¶Ѫɫѿ˼㣬衣
ƷʯԼۡԷ·ûпһĵ뻻ӮˣҲɣ
㡭ۣоǰδеıͷͻȻһѪȻ˹ȥ
˼һĻԭء
Ȼιȥˣ
˶ˡ
֪һǶˡ
ԡʱֳ˵ˣҪ󣬲ɶ˺ˣȻѾˣôҲ͵Ϊֹɣ֮ĶĶΥ棬ģƷʯԻ͵ϡ
ǣϡԿ˸ֳһۣݵ֪ȻܸԼֳʵȴ˳ǵӣĿԼһֱۣڸƷʯҲǱĸԼһЩ
οڽ춪ҲˣԺںܳʱ䶼ᱻڰﳰЦҲǳһڶ
ԣֳͬϵľ
˼ˣҲĬȻԼѾõĽʽˡ
ʤг˹򳽻ԵĿ⣬˾죬ΪôҲû뵽ԾȻڹؼʱ̴źȥıӰ̾ϢһƾԼʵһ·߸裬ϧ˳ԣˣҲĲҡ
ҲһңϻڹؼʱԼĻֿܻһ档
û
һսʤˡ
Ȼ˴ܵһˣȴԾ֮˽øͨ͸ˡ
ڣһλս̨гϸ˵
µ˲䣬һŽ׵ʦ洫̨һƽĴųԣ˵ԣѾˣҲĴȰ㻹ǽɣ˵⻰洫ɫȻΪ֪ڳȫʢʱڣԼ϶Ķ֣񳽻ˣһԼĶˡȻг֮ΣɣΪؾҲνӡ


595 ǿĶ
Ҫŭĵӣ˵ԶѾˣ㻹Ҫ̨սǳ֮ΣСˡ
ߣǰձԹսûʲô֮Σ˵ȴǲ㡣
ӼˣǷ׷׽һЩʵеȵĵȴǰûڲѣΪʲôԼûսԣǰװױСˡ
гҲϿӵоȷʵԣǰձԹսûΥ棬̾ϢĿ˳һۣʵԣԸս
Ҳǻȥˣֱӳԣη壬ģͺ˵ɣ
Ȼʧˣֱͦ壬˵ɣ

£ȫڣû뵽ԾȻսԸʸ
ȻЩ֮ΣңҲ˥ʹ䣬лһֱԡ¡ǹһЦ˵ǳԣҲȱС˵óѣʵŭ
ͷ̨ϵĳԣʵҺܺ棬һս𣿡
֪𣿡ʹҲСﳽԣƽ֡
֣ݺݽѵһСˡ
ϵҲǷŭѣû뵽˾Ȼ˱ɣȴûʲô취ֻܹȥˡ
ģԵһЦ齣趯룬¶ĿƵĶӣЦôˣ
ৣԣɫһ䣬гɣ˳һȴûпԣȻǺ³һս֮ϾԱֳʵ̫ǿˣǿƺصĻҳ֡
磡
ԼˣһЦ齣Хһ㽣磬Хϯ˹ȥƾˡ
ܣ
ӴʧɫЮĲҽݺ׷˳ȥڵϣǽۣͬһѪˡ
ʲô
ˣ˾ʧɫĿ⵨Ŀųԡ
˿ǲףȻˣҲǿԴܵġ
ʮ洫ɫҲÿû뵽ԾһѪսȻһսֱ֮ǷһĴڡ
ʤгûжԣֱԽ˵ӣûпһۡ
ã˷ܺ
ϵҲǸ˲ѡ
һսҲ֪ȻˣʵȻǲС

ʤ
ս㣡
ʤ

һյʱȥڴܵʮսߣȡ˽ڶֱԵʸ
һֱԣҲǳŵһս
ƣʮ洫Ӳзͥơ
һ죬洫ӣϰˡ
ȡýڶֱԵʸ󣬳Ҳصסʼˡ
Ͼһս˲ᣬֹܹļԣҲԼû뵽ġ
ԲûΪԵȥܵӰ죬ʮ洫ӶȺȡýڶֵʸǶֳǿʵѺԶд֣ܶûκ˿Կһж
µĵ˫ʮսߣһܣֵĻᶼûС
·绪˫书Ҳһޱȣÿһ֣ĸԸ䡣
Ϊ׺ݵĵɱһУ£ûһȫ˵ˣˣûսΪֹ
¡ǱԷ쵼ߣΪ˰Եֻзӣ˳߲µˣֻм뱱Էһ·ߣǶϱ۶֣Ϊзˣһ㣬öŷɥ
緽ˣҲֳǿʵ
ЩǳԵڶص˿е֪ġ
ʵѾȫ巽ˣĶǷѺ¡ˡ
ʵھ洫Ժڱ£ûԸеκһˣ˴ֻнǰ壬ܹýؾʸԳ˼ԼȫԱܿ˵ķâֻҪˣǰͿˡ
ΪýؾǳԵĿꡣ
ԣܹ˽֣Իϣ֡
ȻֻǳһԸ뷨ĶеһˣҲ䡣
һ̭һٰʮ˽ڶ֣ȳеٵö࣬Ҳ𾪣Ϊٵһڶġ
һ̭ʵ̫ˣܶһֳǿʵĵӶûܹһ֡
˶֪һֻһԭǾؾÿһ˶˾ģҪˮһս
Ȼܸ˳ԣھݵ˺󣬺̨ܿսѴ֮Ľڶ֡
ڶ죬
䳡ͬһÿһռ䣬ոǡ
һٰʮ洫УһƬܿڸֳϵƿ£
ڶֱԿʼ
һͶʮˣʮ˽֣飬ÿһʮˣˣҲ˵ֱԵĵӣһֻоʮˣ쳣ļң
ʮԱܿԱֵ顣
ܶ洫ӼԷֵ飬СӶĪ˿洫ӿɾɫѿˣΪǶϳԡ
ҲζűԵĽ
ʮ洫ȴǼйɵķֵÿһ飬ֵģһڰ˵
ԾȻԼͬһ飬һַ֪Ȼƹƽһ˵һʮ洫Ӷڿͷһһ㶼Ҫ˰ϡ
ȻǾʶʮ洫ӵʵҪϳԣƲгҲԸзĲ١
ǳʮ洫ӣڶ˵ĴڣϾʵ̫ˣΪʮ洫ӵˣҲԸ


596 ڴһս
ֵ˶飬ʮ洫ӣڵС顣
ҲǼɵҪΪͳһսԼĻпܲǶ֡
֪ͬԼڵڶֶԺһɵͬʱҲǷɲ١
ܿ죬ڶֱԿʼ
ʮСԣɵĽС
ڵ飬ҵĽչԡ
ȻȻֵ飬ĶȴǳԣһŽ׵ʦ֣ȻĶ֣ϾѾѹĳԪѾﵽŽ׵ʦֵĲΣһľŽ׵ʦĶ֡
ÿʮˣһųԣڵ̨
ĶҲǾŽ׵ʦδ֣־ѾˣͬʱҲͬ£ò洫⶯ȻֱϾ˭֪Բ졣
Ȼ߲ܣӦ
ܿ죬Ȼ˼ﵽǰǿ
ҲһԾΪ洫ԺڣԱ׸󣬱Է洫֮һ
һȻ¡˲ȴֹˣֻĿЩܾ뱱Է洫ӣ
Ѻ̨ˣ
̨˾ֻ̨ϣһɫµķѺֱվڷ裬ףһȻ֮⣬ͬˡ
ѺǳǱڵĶ֮һȻŹһ˽ֵĻᣬͿϵ̨
ৣ
ѺĶһҲȡ˲ʵǿԳԹ۲죬ѾԪѹɵĵزѺʵǺεȵǿԪѾѹųɣŽ޵еʦ֣ư벽ʦǿߡ
̤ʦ֮Уֻʱ⡣
ԳԵĹ۲죬־ȵĵóһֻۣҪѺԸ⣬ʱʦ֮Уɻ󣬵̺ĹؼڣؾſԽؾһ䲻ʮꣻڶʦߡ
ѺȻޱһβؾҪõһͻʦĻǾζõһҲʧȥؾĻᡣ
ԣѺųٳûͻʦ
һ㣬Բɲ²⣬ˣǶأǲҲкܶཫΪѹ޵оŽ׵ʦ磬ȴؾĻ᣿
ܣ
һЩǿɣȫǸʵýؾĵӣΪѹڰ벽ʦΣ
뵽鲻мأε߽ؾǼֱһѣ޹ֺֻаɹӲؾУаɹʦһСֳΪʦǿߣһ
ͬҲǳԵһλᣬպͻ档
֪ɽлƫɽУⲻ֪ӵдηľֻˣܳɾ۷塣
ԣӵľ
ֻηڽ֮·ߵøԶ̽ľͷ
һǿҵηڳ𣬷Ѻ̾ע⵽䣬ͬǳһƮƮĺڷȻ򳽻ԵĿƽȴ̺һһսƽȶԴ
ȻϿ˳Եʵڴͳһս
ԵҲ۳һս⣬Ϊޣӵһǰƣκζ֣Ҳκζֵս
ãԣڴһսѺ˵
ҲǡԵ
šѺͷĿ⿴ԼĶ֣˵ְɣҿһʱ䣬˶١
ʦָ̣洫Ȼʮ𾴷Ѻְݵų֣ʩչԼǿľУȻ֪ԼǷѺĶ֣ʹȴǲʣԷŵ̬Ѻָ֮ս
ѺʵȻܹ󼰵ģٶȣó¶֮ɫο洫ӣһѧʩչʱ򣬶ûѺ½ǣȻһεĶ֡
Ѻһƻ˳ȥҲɴֱ࣬䡣
̨½ѺÿһĿУһƽĿأΪѺٶƶ֣ĥ޷ӽ˷֮٣¶Կ
ҲΪˣͷѺһսͷǿˡ
ͬʱҲԼĶ֡
һܵУ
һֿ쵶洫Ժһ͡
ΪǽڷѺĴڣԪѹ̶޽ӽųɣΪʦҲֻʱ⣬ȻֻǼ򵥵һԿԸоǿһǺΣһʦ֮УܹľԲࡣ
˿ŵ˵µĵȷѺ书٣״ܶ֡
ŵ㣬Ҳȱ㡣
Ϊԭʹĵȱݼ٣ȴ޷ãʱԽԽ࣬ҲΪʲôһֵܶԭͬʱҲ룬ҲܸѺԭ
ڶԾʼҲܹͷѺƽ⣬ѹƣʱһ¶Խ࣬ƾԽ۷Ѻȴܹʵһϣս־ãôܵ£ֻʱˡ
ȻһжֻǳԵĲ룬֪Եⷬ²󣬱ȻǴһΪܸѺԭ
˶ԷѺ͵µĹע⣬ҲǸע£Ϊʮ洫еΨһŮˣǲСġ
ʮ洫ӵУԷٶȽڷѺȵ»Ҫһߣ˵㣬ǷѧԹĹ
Բ²⣬ܸµԭ
ȻһжǳԶԷѺ¡˵ĳʵѣϾ˭Ҳһ־óʵǼбҪԵģԾУƱ©Խ࣬ԽΣգĵȫ©ȥʱҲˡ


597 ޷
Ȼǳԣ֮ΣʱҲᱩ©Լĵơ
ΪǹغĶ
ȻΪѺֻһֶΡ
ʮ洫еˣʵȻȫǰûпɱԣŵ˵ǿ𣬳ֻʩչԪͿˣ֮趯ãǲࡣ
ʵȻҲҪ˸һ
һ㣬ѺףҲס
һ£һ£οܸ˳ԣδǲܺһս
οѺºͷ˵ˣֳƥпռһôͽһƴһսҲҪһǶϳҲˡ
ؾǷһжҪȡʸ
һ㣬Դ˵ĿоͿԿ
ȶУ˵ȴ½˲٣ϾԺһս̫ʢˣҲһᲢ۵ıԣȻǷѺ͵¶˵ıԣҲ޷һԾԣ˶ڴĵ
˷Ѻˣߴ洫Ӷһ֣Ҳڶֲս֮£ɹһ֡
óû뵽ǣͳ϶˾ȻֱһŽ׵ʦһ֣ʱһƬΪ־棬ڵգûгֹ½ӽ鷢οˡ
ֱ޷
ңǶ̾Ϻ˵ʵҲòͬˣȻֻǰ˽׵ʦΪսԱȼ綥Ž׵ʦ֣ϵһɱ¾˫ܹӰ˵񣬺Ծĵӣ־вᶨߣ̱Ӱ죬սֱ½ֻһܡ
ǹȻûгϵɱ¾׺ݣȴԵޱȣϢ͸һֿҪϢĸо۶ǹܹʮ洫ĵȼ磬ʵĻȴǲ硣
Կ϶Ǹʱ䣬ǹϵһԳԽ
һ㣬Ҳ޷ϡ
ڣһıԣֵľʮӲˡ
˳ϺԼ˽׵ʦ֮⣬ʮˣǾŽ׵ʦ֡
ŵ˵ʮ˾δмǿĸ֮Уܹʦеˣж٣ͺ˵ˣΪеߣһΪԶֹͣھŽ׵ʦ֮
һ;ʦʦ֮䣬һΪԵķˮ룬һ죬Ȼˡ
ӾŽ׵ʦʦУʵ̫ˡ
һ㣬ʦǿߵͿԿˡ
һҹ޻
Ծоͻư˽׵ʦƣҲԽʵ
ڶ죬ƿƲ㣬Уųâ
˲䣬䳡ˡ
һյʱȥȻΪʮֵ洫ڳϯǰ
ϴЦ⣬ڳͣһ£˵죬ʼһһǩԾ˫ΪʮС飬ֱ̨ͬʱУʤʮˣٴαΪʮС飬бԣʤĶʮ˽лΪʮ֣ʤһһ֣һһ֣ƽ֣һ֣ջֶų洫ǰýؾʸ񡣡
˵ţԸ˵ųֵ
ֳϿʼֳǩʽʮ洫γǩʮ֮ǰһų̋ʮߺŵʮڶų̋
ʮţ
Կеǩص˵ڶų֪̋Щˣ˵ţų̋˾ȵǣϾȻҲֵ˶ų̋ԣ¶ս⣬֪ԵʵпǿԼҲҪͳһս
ûж˵ʲôĿ⻷һۣŷֶų̋ǿƣʮ洫ӾȻˣֱǷѺ¡¡͵µȴǱֵһų̋
ѺԾȻԼͬһ飬¶һĨս⣬ųԵͷ
Ҳͷֲ񾴵ˣȻعԼôҲͬرˣңѺһֵ𾴵Ķ֡
ԣɰˣһϮ£ƮƮɣͷ·һ΢΢һЦʩһɺŵζţͺһ㣬һЩ־ᶨĵӣ¶һԵģ
ʦ㡣Ե
ǺǣǿϧҼ£ҷ׸ͺˣ˵Ȼ㲻ҷ׸ôҲԳΪѰɣҪ֪ҿɲϣԼĶ㡣ȻһЦ˵
ʦ˵ˣʦʵȡһǻֵ顣Ц
Ըˡ¿˳һۣЩڵûн׸֪ǲܵˣϣܹͳԱѺùϵٲǶ֣˵ȻˣҾͲˡ˵꣬±뿪ߵ̨һ¡
洫Ӽ¾Ȼͳ˵ЦܲζʳԣҲ⣬ΪǶԷҲһЩŮ㺣ֻǷ¸κ˵ĸ飬һֱһˡ
ͳ˵ЦҿӹϵȻǺܲˡ
Ȼһпȴûзϣ鷳¡
֣޸ǳЦ
ǰʦǼٺԵߵôѺҲ⣬ǵһصҲĽĿųԣϾʵһŮӣʮ㣬ֱеŮ
ֻѶѡԵĵ
ϵȻ֪ԺͷֻǼ棬ûжĹϵ˿̶ԲŵȻϷŪһ


598 ϵԸ
ˣҲֻεҡҡͷ
ԣڿʼ
һС洫ӵ̨ʼ˶Ծ
ԵǩʮţСͽֵ
ܿ죬ĸСԽ洫ӽһֱԣԵϱ̨ʱȴһ㶣ΪվǰĲǱˣȻǳϡ
ǳԺͳϣ
˴󾪣û뵽ͷʢ½ӾȻǰȻҲͻ𾪱𳽻ȴǲ磬֮ͬ¹âһ㣬ȻǳԵƸ󣬼˶óûʤĻᡣ
һ㣬ԼҲף᲻ս԰ܡ
ԣڴһսѾܾˡϵɱ¾Ϣûзֺ·Ѿ
ȴ֪ƽ֮£һɽҪըĵְɣ
ˡ
δ䣬һǿƥǿɱ¾ϢԳɢ˳̨ռͬһˮһ㣬ѸٱȾ죬ԳΪģųԷȥƣÿһЯŨɱ¾һɱ¾
ಣ
ʱƿͬǧʸ͸ռһ㣬һɸӡ
ɱ¾֮һлû꣬ϴһʼóʵûκεıʮɱ¾۳ɱ¾֮˫趯Ѫ˿ͬһ㱻һһѪɱ¾֮𽥳Ρ
ˣ
һǿᵽµɱ¾ݶɱ¾֮ڳгΣͨѪ죬ѪʣͬһѪһ㣬ɢŨѪϢ
أ
Գһûд⣬ֱȡ齣ʩչԴС飡
貽۳壬˸ٵ⻡һХûǧɱ¾֮Уءһըɱ¾һգ˲䣬ɱ¾̤֮򳽻ԡ
ৣ
һ£ޱȣûκθӵĽУֻ򵥵һһͷ·һѪһᴩ̨ϣɢɱ¾Ϣ޽һն£Ľֱ׼˳üġ
һﵽ˻ع鱾ԴһƲɵ
洫ӶݣΪǴһϣоΣϢܹвǵ
һЩȴǴһϣоΪǻع鱾Դɱ¾϶¶ɲɫΪǶȷϣһڵĳ⣬һܹԱԴĵӡ
Ϣȥ˵ǬԪܱ߹ҵɣҪһ𶯡
ѵҪŲɣֳ۽㣬Ȼһۿ˳ѾӴɱ¾ԴУ𾪡
ò˶ãžͿԻع鱾ˡҲ̲ס˷ܣһĵֳǱʵ̫ˡ
һ⻰Ҳ̲ס
Ϊع鱾ڣÿһλϵԸ
϶¶֮ɫǶû뵽ϷȫȻ֮ͬһսʤδ֪
ͬʱҲףһ¾½ӵˡ
գǲ
ֲɱ¾ϯ̨Ϣķÿĵӷ׷׿Ϊɱ¾̫ǿ󣬹ɢϢӰ쵽׵ʦߡ
һǿ
˶ųԣҪ֪ҪƽһҲ⣬վڱ̨£ͳһսҲģֻû뵽һͳԶԾΪź
ء鵭ȻĿˮֻӶ齣գͬһһ貽⣬һٶէһʼĻֻ˲䣬ͬһ㣬ϯ֮һ¡
أ
ЯһٶȺܺݺնɱ¾ϣ̱ѤõĹâѪѩɫʽ֯һγһĻ
һֲ֮˹ɾȻһƽˣ˵Ԥϣȴ⣬Ϊֻǰ˽׵ʦսܺͳԿ⣬ȻҲ޷вˡ
ʲô
ͫ΢һƬأи𺧣Ҫ֪һУ֮ԴһƾնɱһŽ׵ʦ֣ԭΪһвԣû뵽һ谭ûдԣʵ󳽻ʵĿ¡

һɱ¾ӿܣɱ¾֮޿ǣһ޽ҲһѪˣɱ¾֣ģ˫ֻӶɱ¾֮ų貹âХ¡
һʮɱ¾Ѿƿصɱ¾Դ֮ǰһӴ
ţһ˳ԡ
¡
ɱ¾֮£һ·Ҫ˺̨
ʡ
Խ֮Ľ֮ͬĺĳһˡ

貽Σ⻪貣ͬʯһĿ˲ֱӣţһ¡ֱ׹űǿХͬϯһ㣬µƾ춯أ֮ɫ䡣
ǡ
һ̣϶ɫˣû֣ͣٴնһ
䣡
һıУ齣黯ͬʱɢ齣Уһţûɱ¾صһըһ޴ѪɫĢƳʮˣûķռ䡣
꣡
ڽնȥ˲䣬һԾ齣ն£貣ͷ·һֽƲһ㣬ɱ¾̻Ϊĩͬɳһ㱻ɢ
ʲô
ɫ䣬Ǹо˳ԵĿ£αˣ˫ֽ棬ɱ¾֮ʮֽ棬ɱȥ
꣡
齣նɱ¾̶֮ѣĽ絴ڳϣֱ˳ȥѪ
ԣһǰܸ㡣ڱ̨ϣһį֮ɫĲʣԭΪԼĽѾܴ󣬵û뵽ԵĽۿžҪӽˣԼĽӽʱ֪Զˡ
˵꣬һۣ˵ϣ㲻Ҫͬ³


599 ǹ
Բ˫ȴǽճȭͷĿҲǸļᶨ򳽻ԣ˵ǰܣҲҪһս
ͳ϶ˣܶ˾ãϳԣǶ˵ĲңĶǰ棬ֱı
ʤ
гԽһԣԾʤߣֻû뵽ֳʵҲǸǿ
ÿһ϶֪Žӭʢʱ̡
ϺͳһսҲǳ˺ܶ˵ϣȻϰˣʧȥ˽һֵʸ񣬵ֳʵǱȴӮӵϿɡ
˵ҲٴαѣڴĶԾ
ݱĽУһһӽһ֣Ҳζһʧȥʸ񣬶ԾսҲԽԽңϾŽ׵ʦֵĶԾģҲǼƴģǰе洫ӣ˹ע
һ̨û뵽ǣĶ־Ȼ
ˣĻԵһڶ죬ΪǰһʹһʮĴڣʵȶŽ׵ʦ֡
ԣһ̨ۡ
Ķ̨ʱͼʧˡ

һ춼û뵽Ķ֡
ȻûԳս⣬ϵȴǰδеأʹԷܸ˳ԣʵȻǲСҲûбʤİա
ͬ洫ὫƽУȻѺҲˡ
̫ǿˣ
ͳһսж˲ĥӡ
ûǹһǰԵ˫ֱ֪ԼǿҲҪһս
˵Ŀⶼڶϡ
ȻȻǹţǹȻվǷһ˵̫
Ȼܸ˳ԣвΪʵĻδزѹƳԣֻǰߵľֲ̫ԲŰˣкǲʣѾΪʵҲʱˣһҪܳԵ죬ϴЦ˵죬㲻ҵĶ֣ɣ
ϣ
ûκεĻǹĵ䣬˫һӣǹУɢˮһĹâ貶Ŀ۳ǿҵǹϢǹϢ־ԼԵ
ЩԶԾ᲻ս԰ܡ
һǰ
ǹߵ־
ûвս԰ܵģ
ȻˣҾʹΪֹɫĿҲǸ𺣬˫һӣһбУ˸ںڱĹâϢ
Уı
ڴ֮ǰԳԣûʹñΪʩչ˱ԶԾԵʱѡûС
˵һĴڡ
Ϊߣֻʹñ£ʵŻֳҲ⣬Ψһڣñ󷢻ӳԼʵΪԵʡ
ʵȻһʮĴڣȻûдﵽñĳ̶ȡ
ڼñ˶һû뵽ҲʹñЩ֪ȴֻ֣֪δ졣
ͬʱһЩڴı֡
ԭֻһ㣬ԱֳʵҲ޷Խͳϼȣ½֮е˫ڶԾԵʱȻˣȴֳǿʵ
ôǷҲһЩǿʽأ
ϾǶ˶ԴܳΪĿġ

˫ֳǹ·ĵڷ裬̺ԵǹϢ˳һۺ󣬾ȫתƵϣǿǹƣǹ죬ͬһ㡣
ƽǹһ򵥵Ĺ켣ȴӽȻҲκ
ʵǹȴ̺µƻǿһ˺̨ϣһѺۡ
ˣһ˿أû뵽ϵĽӽȻǹҲǽӽȻѾӵѧʽԼ򵥻תΪʡΪ׺·ֱǿ
󣬶Ϊ˴Լ˶١
Ǿ飬ܽս飬򲻻ٶӽȻѧʽ
ŵ˵սɷ棬ϺȳԸʤһ
һУȻǱԼڶ೤ϿǼѾͣš
ΪһѾǾò˼ˣû뵽Ȼһ죬ֱǲš
ţʲôʱŵļأ
ʢǴûгֹġ
Űһ˷쳣˵
ǰǣһˡԱһλϸ˵
ǣһ龰ֳ̾
ͷĿ䵽˿ϵϣȻǼ˽֮Ϻһ㣬ʣǱǾ޴ģһԿԺͶ˱ȼ磬Ϊϡʮ˶壬һ̶ϣǵĻҪȳ϶ҪߣɾҲԲ̫͡
ѺĿжһ˿죬漴㲻ע⣬Ϊ˵Ϊǲμӵһ
ȴһء
ȻǶǾŽ׵ʦΪܷһʱͻƳɾʦûеס
ԣμһҲûпܡ
ôǵǱڶ־ǳϺˣԼϵˣǰˣڣҲǸоһɼǿѹУжΪΣΪһ½Ƕ׻ô뷨


600 ٻȥ
ӣѹָҺһսȻŴ첻⣬ֳǿսɺѧսҲǲҴ⣬ʼɲΪⳡԣ˲ˣҪʧȥؾʸǾԲġ
꣡
кݺһӣռͬһǹϢֱǱѹɷ۴⡣
һóǿǹɣЦĺܲң
Բ˫ֳǹͬһɫһ㣬ٻ裬ǹ룬ҰһƬ⺣󣬾ͬʵһ㣬Ȼ¡¡ѹķռ䡣
˼̫һЦŲĲۼͳǰл£ֱ⺣м䣬һΪ¡Ӳķֿˡ

ͻȻֻԾǹӰΣǹ룬ѩͬѩһ㣬̨·һѩ磬ⲢǱѩǹֻǾԵתԵøӵİԾ
޾ǹһ۳Σץȥ
СƣһֳܸϢע֮Уһ룬ವһ£ƽ죬дȣɣ˵ͬʱɴɵӿ֮ǣ֮ɢɭϢ˾
ǹȻ
ʱͻȻȣȻһǰֻ޾ǹ⽫֣·ǹΪһ壬Ĵ˳ȥ
䡪
ԵȻηǹϢȻ䴫̨ɢϢɨķɫ䡣
һǹȶŽ׵ʦֵǿһ˵
صͿϵ˶Ƕݣû뵽ʵ֮ǿˡ
˶ɫһ䡣
˵Ŀⶼڱ̨ϡ
ûõģȻܹƵҶһУҲ԰ˡֻϸһɺϣ䵶˲Ϣ£硣
꣡
һݺǹϡ
أ
һ죬ǹʱһҽ𣬽žͼѪܵ嵹˳ȥˤ̨ϣѪ
ߣڱ̨ϣĿȻĿ죬˵ңٻȥɣ˵գԾ˱̨
ۣıӰһѪҧݣײײ˱̨
ʤһг
ĬȻһȻңѾע
ȶУѺʮ洫Ⱥһ֡
ʱ֣ǲʮǿ
գа
ʮӣ
һӻ𱬵սĻ
գʼ
̨ûгϺ˵ӰԵ֪Ѿҹ뿪š
и֪̾˶׷ߣ־ᶨڴǵһμ档
ʮӿʼгǩȻǲȡ˫ĶԾ̨ͬʱбԡ
ʮߺţ
Աֵ˶顣
֪Ƿǳϰⰲţһս֮󣬾ҲûкͳԷͬһ
ʮ洫ҲǱֳ֣һ飬ڶ顣
Ȼʮ洫ǲǰԾġ
ҲľʣΪʮ洫еκһˣžѹֵʵҲˣϳԵĵӣֱ䣬ɽ
ıԣЩȻζ޳֮
ԣڵ˶ʮ洫ӡ

ʮ洫⣬ԺˣʮһҲʵǿ֮ŶŽ׵ʦʵ
ЩˣҲϣɾʦ֮λġ
쳣ļңÿһ洫ӶҪʮֽжԾս޷֧ȥ
һЩҲȼ֮Ѻߵ¶ˣֱ䣬洫ӻɷµʵǷսȴʮдܣҲ֪ȻŮӣʵҲǲСġ
ʵһǿᣬֶκսϵ洫ӣȫ˺ۣһս֮ûУֱʧȥ˼ʸ
ںһսдŹʣͨŽ׵ʦΪ洫Ӷֱ䣬ЩӵжŽ׵ʦΪ洫ȴǲģҪսԣһӵжŽ׵ʦս
ǳڶԾ󣬵һǿĶ֡
ʱеĺѾܸˣһ̨ϣ˹עȫڣֱѹһ̨ϽбԵʮ洫֮һ
Դˣɫÿһǿƣܶ֡
ԿʼгϼѾվã
ԣ룡ֵֹ
룡Ե
ֲҴ⣬ȫעսԣҲһţ˵ǿĵƣԱ֤ܵôС

ıһ󵶣ѩ鶯ǣһɵ磬û˿ͣһն³ԣʱݺᣬķ
ͣ
˫Ϊ޽ų貽⣬˫ֽµĵͬĩһɢ
ڲ齣£ԵսѾԽŽ׵ʦ֣η壬ǰԸӣͬ񶼱˫ֿˣľսսֱ½
һ̣ٴμ˳Եǿ
أ
˲ƽ֣˫ƽϵĻն£ͷ·ľ޽һ㣬Ǵϣ֮һն£һֽڽڰˣɫǱò԰ס
ۣ
ڣڳնʮŵҲ֧ŲסһѪͬ߷һ㵹˳ȥ


601 ʼ
ʤгԽ
ȫڣԽ
ͬʱҲڴ˶ֽ˶ó֣ڶʵͬ£ʱ࣬ȻǳԵĶ֡
˹ƵҲֻзѺ¡˲ǳԵĶ֣¡ȻʵȻǺͷѺһʵεġ
ıԣǸɾ䣬ֻ˰ʱ䣬;ʮ洫ӡ
󣬸ֳԵȶʮ˽յľ
δ뿪䳡
ԸصˣصԺʼϢϢ۷״̬
ΪһսȰǵսӵĲпᣬϿʮԾȻһЩԶ䣬Ҳһ־սûǿ־ֲȥҲÿһԭ
ֻΪѪҺǿߡ
һн洫Ӷ׼յһս
һҹ޻
죬̫Ļͬһ޴Ĵ䳡Ͽһð˰̶Ⲣû˿Ӱ쵽˶Ծ飬ʢǰױȡ
һڳλϯϣУŭ
һߴı̨䳡룬ָӵǿܹʦǿߵǿܲ಻жʮʯΡ
ʮ洫վڱ̨ǰӢǺӣƴﵽ˶㣬ͬһ֮ɽһ㣬޷Խ
սΪ˾ǽĵ
ڿʼȶʮӿѡԼĶ֣սÿһˣȻǿѡȨҲζʧȥʸͽؾֳϵĻﴫ䳡ھʼ
˵գ
䳡һƬƽ
˵Ŀⶼڶʮ洫ϣ֪˭һ̨ս
˭֪һ̨˽ٶռȺ۵ľ档
Ϊʱ˭Ϊ۷ƣʵﵽ˶壬ƽͬն
ɫƽĿŶʮˣ˭һ̨Ԥ
һڳҲˡ
Ǿҵһɣ
ڣһ洫߳Ž׵ʦʵһȡ˵ʮĳɼΪʵס
ৣ
ͬһ̨޳ء
Դ˴һۣû뵽ľȻеķٶռܴƣսǿĻҲһܿǰһЩ
֪һս˻˭
˵ﶼͷ
ңһ㣬һҪ㡣꿴һĸߴ꣬ʮ˵̨ɣ
ãûжһԾ̨Ϊ˾ѡֵĶԾѡߣǲܾܾģͻᱻȥʸ
˺ܿսһʵ൱սҡ
ԳԿʵ൱£֣ܶľ־
־ָ־
ʵͬ־ǿһȻʤ־һ
֣ʵ޼㿴˭ʤĻʴһЩʵǵ۽磬ʵںѿ֮ıԽ
Ե
ɻһУҺͳʵҲ޼ȴʤһҲʵȣΪ˵ʤ
ϺʮҲǿųԣڴĽ
Ϊ־ǿ˵
־ϵ˻ǵһİĴһɻ
ˣЦЦΪ˽ʲô־
ȥϵ־
֣ˣϺܹ֮չ٣츳ǿ־ǿص۾һ˵
Եͷ
ԭˡϵ˶ȻԼ˺ͳϡĲ
ͬʱ̨ϵıڽ糽˵ʤҰУ
֮ƿǣһ·߸裬ˣִˣȡʮʤ
ʱˣΪĶֻ֣ʮ洫ӺͳԼ˿ɹսԸԵģΪڼǶ˵սֱûһս֮ġ
ʮ洫ӵʵҲǿǰˣѺ¡ǲԸԾģܹսĶֻʣˡ
һУ̰ܸˡ
ڼǣ⡣
־ˡص
̫ǿˣңҲѡ񡣡Ц
ûбѡ񣬱ѡԵͬʱֹ֪ڴˣʵǿҲٽһΪ⡣
ڣ˾ս
սңһ£û뵽ȻûսˣսԼЩϣûоܾϱ̨ۿų˵֪ģսңģһܵøɾġ
Ҫǹһ࣬һǹ̳ǹҡ
Ҳǹ𣿡Ц˵գһץ˸һ˺ɫǹУһӶ޴ƿ죬ݺײǴĳǹϣ飡ף
ᣡ
ֻһǹóĲסΣʵС
ৣ
Цֳֺǹ̤Ƿɽƺ¡ǿƥͬսϵĽһ㣬ֱײɢϢóɫ䡣
أ
ǹѹ˳ϣݺˤ˳ȥ
ʤгϸ
֮Уûս֮սûнƸԭٴνбԡ


602 пľ
һֵս
Ȼʩչḻ֪ѡ֣޶ȵıԼǿһʮ֣սĶֻ֣ʣʮ洫е˺ͳԼ
йâ˸ȷΪԼĶ֣ûȥѡڳԺԸսˡ
Ѻһƽûбֳ⣬ҲûڴսԼΪͬĵҲһѡһܹĻƶȻЯʤ֮ս
һսͷˡ
ã
ԣͬһͷ˯ѵʨɢǿϢһһӰ棬˵ϣ㲻Ҫʧٴΰҵϣ
룡
һ⻰ɫѿ˼㣬һƿǣӶǹ䶯ɽӣ˹糱ˮһѹȥҪû
ǿˡϵ
šصͷ˵һܸһεȻҪܶԷһѩǰܡ
΢΢һЦÿɷ
洫Ӷ۲ˣΪ˽ʵһûᣬԴӶ˵ѧ֮ҳսʤԷ
ԣȳĵӣǼĳԿ
ǿĶ֣ȻʩչУǵƣɾ֣ܶҲ©ԼĵƣԼȴֵ֪ĵƣʵһδ֪Σա
Ȼȱ¶ƵĶǳԺҲǳûսǶ˵ԭΪ˵ĵǼɵûбʤİգǲ޴ľûѡ
򵥵ķʽսԼһߣǿһߵĶ֣ܲսԼ
ͺñսʤĻƱشǣǿԼģսǿĶ֡
ֱսԼǿ̫Ķ֣ѺµˣѰ·
һ㣬ÿһ˶֪
أ
һ֣ɼǿķ籩ɨ̨
սң൱
Ȼ·磬бѹƵơ
ͬҰһ㣬ٰܸ˵һٶİܸͬһˣֱ裬οҲֻһ߶ѣ֮ضδûзĻᡣ
ȻӴ˹ʩչըĹֶΣһҪսֱ̬һսĴϣҲһۣ·֪ʹһ
ķȻˣҲս̬סˡ
ͣ
ǹͷѪüͷһ壬αˡ
Ӳˣ
У˫źǹη壬ʩչѧʽȫɱһǧ˰ٵսʽ
ˣû뵽ȻôҪɰգӣ
䣡
ǹ£ݺݴ˴ϣصһ죬αˣûȥͷֻƣԵǹϢһǰǹֶ£ӲĽƵ˱̨ء
ɶ񣡡
ѣԭʵһ㣬û뵽ȴѹŴ򣬼ֱǴϡ
һǰ
𣬳
¡¡
̨ҡΣ罭һ㱻ߣγɼǿϣ͵ĺǹǶ֮һ㣬ݺݴ̽ؿڣѪ磬Ⱦ
ҽڴڵѪ䣡
䣡
ͬҰһ㷢һ˳ȥ
һսӮˡΪʵ˵˵꣬˱̨Ȼ˵ĺأֻƤ˶ѣû˵ܿͿԸԭ
Ӯˡĵ
˵ţеĺǹȻսǿǹϢ۶һ籡һ˿ɵ˵䡣
ԷЦĿٿȻ䵽˷ϡ
û˵罣һ˱̨ϣм˵Ͳ֪ԼĽˣҲվѵѵ֪Щ׷ϲϵġ˵꣬һΣһڳϣವһ£
¡
ǹ趯һ㡣
ǿ֮ĩһЦг̳׼Ȼڵһʱҳǹصһ˳ȥ˵Ѿľҿʲôһս
ǹĿԼ֪һܹȫ̵ľƵƺľȻ£ʵѾ˸ʱһ޷־ãֱʩչԼľУٶȴܷ
һ㣬ܿҲˣûڲѣ֪Լʧ˴
Կһۣ̾ϢȻʮ洫ĩβʵӹɵģֻǷȱ˶ִţհǰ˺ۿŻʧȥҲ޲ˡ
Ϻʮ˼ˣҲ־ǿһʤǿ
飡
ĹƼͣĽƮݣͲӲӲڽʩչ֮Ĺ˥
֣
һ˲䣬ƽǰгתһ㣬ֱӲ󣬽Ѫʹ̣֪Լٲ֣ͷˣоٲʣҲֻ䡣
ʤг˳Խ
һָɸһս
кβңһ£˷Ĵ㣬߳ų̤̆ıǳꪣ׳ݣâ¶ͬһ㣬


603 ʮ洫ӵʵ
ȻִˣȴΪʵҲԪѾѹ˽ӽɵزֻһꪣҲǾ˵ġ
أ
һ̨֮꪿汻ҳһ㣬ݡ
ʵһӦսδûʤĿܡ˵
հǰ˺վܳԶϵ
صҲǵͷͬʱгѣ޷ҵԼ·
ʵǿվû־һԣˡԾ֪ʵ㡣
ǰ¡̾Ҳһ֡
ԣһЦ
ʣ
ǽޣ־ǿʵͱǿһߣ͹ƣȻǲȽʽƽȣûгһ˿ҼҲҲֺͻƿڡ
νһ٣ٶ˥˥ߣԽԽ۲ƣꪷҲ
׼ʱʩչһǾУֱȥĹٽһ˳ȥһĲ±̨
ʤгϵ
˿򷽽֪սһλ
һЩ洫ӭŷǱ˵ĿⲻֱӣΪʲǷĶ֣ȻҲûжԾǵĴ㡣
Ŀ䵽˳ϣܿƿˣѡ˻
ȻɵԵʵ
û˼ΪԵʵ̫ǿˣҲֻзѺ˲ſԺһս
ৣ
ûоܾԾϱ̨ӷ˵һҰܸ㣬һϣỹô㡣
ϣˡ
ͷһĴֻ޴ǴȻϡ
򷽽У˵գǻӳǴ
ǴԳһǳԾʵǳԾıȻǴΪֱⷽѧ伮ҲһóԾߣԵǹΪԼı
ǴΪߣǺټġ
ѧǱԽĳɹǾˣһгɣʵ֮ͬжǰеĴڡ
ӻһۣԷȻҲֻǽԪѹɣʵȴǿһ㣬ⶼеǴĹǣǴԶ̹ҪϼҪľƽǴĹ
ǴĹܹƽĻֱҲôˡ
Щ죬ǾǷһȻ˻Ǿ˵żǿĽУܹƽеǴ
뵽Բɹע֪Ľеж
Ƿɽ
ȣƿǣǴХȻûСǴ򷽽ȥ֮һƬıը·ʵڣʮϬһǴֱˮƶ˷ʤ
ȴһƽһӣһ·еĲǽǳһ㡣
žžž
һžУһƬǴӰһա
Ż˵㻹ֻЩֶεĻһ»ǻҵϡ
ȻˣҾͲˡĿһ֪˵ʵһҧ˫ֲǴҡڣӰصһ𣬶ǼйɣһǴӰ֣ʵ
ͣ
׵һ֣һ·Ϳˡ
ȥ
ȣ˫һӣǴ趯׵Գļ򷽽Ӳӷ⣬ͬһ޴⬣̣׺ޱȡ
֣
¶һĨأдȣɢ԰Ĺ󣬽뽣Уͬһ𽣣ĽХĽչȴȻγһʮɳĽɫͬһ㣬ƶȥ
ৣ
Խǰɫںǰͺһ㣬ȥ޵Уݺݶ׵ϣһ㣬Ӳļ׵֮ڣȴ޷䶴ǽɫͬһ㣬ǰ׵
أ
ɫ׵ԽԽ˲Ϣصһը
飡飡
·Ѿϵһ㣬׵弴˲䣬Ǵӳ¹Ϸ·ʤ
ৣ
ɫһ䣬û뵽սô࣬𽣷ʮֽ̱Ǵһ飬αˣ𽣺ǰǴȻ£ʮԶ
أ
ƹǴͬһϿպХ϶£絷һ򷽽
ϣ
Ѹʵ̫죬ܲ¶ϴ̳׼ȷޱȵĻǴϣƬǣӳ۵Ĺ⻪ʱһֻһǴٶ硣
أ
ֱǱ˳ȥһѪ
ʮأ
Ȼս߰˫趯ǴҵĺХֻǴᴩأɢƬɫâֶ£γһ޴壬ݺݳŷѹ¡
¡
̨·Ҫˡ
ѵ
Ҫֵһʵ̫ǿˣֱӽ𽣿ķ˳ȥͬʱ˻˳ȥѪ
ǲԶ˦ġ˵
һΣһ㡣ҧ˵
ʤгϵ
ƽܷûгԤϣʯϣȴսˣϧȻûѡսѡˣһʮһ洫ӣҲĶ֡
˿ŻһĴڣȺܷˣȻʶǰʵôҪս˭


604 Ծ
Ѻ¡˵Ŀܲ󣬶֮⣬Ҳֻ¡ԡˡ
𣡻¡
ֻǳԡ
˶֪¡ǰĴڣԺʵǿʶǰʵҪѡһˣʵ̫ѡˡ
飬ҲʮַѣԺ˵ʵۼģûбʤİա
ԣԺ׿Ǿֻ¡ˡ
ѡ
Ϊ¡˵ʵ˽ʮ͸˵ʵ޼һǰʵҪʤһѡ
𣡡
˶һû뵽ѡΪ֡
һЩ۽ȴʮͬѡ񣬳Ժ˵ʵĿõģбʤİգǲսǶˣһֻд¡ѡһˡ
ȻѡҪѡ¡Ч
Ϊʵʤ¡һ𣬲ԼģҲӴ¡սԺеһ˾˳ˡ
һ㣬һЩ洫Ӳɸ߿һۡ
Ѻ˿˻һۣ
վĿ䣬ڳͣһ̣޸ϱ̨Ŀֱӻ˵սңһڵġ
ٷϻְɣǴתһ˫Ⱦ˪˵
ڻı飬ϵϢֱǻ𣬿ĥģͬһ˻ĻǹһĨЦ⣬ٿȻƶһʧԭء
ৣ
ʧ˲䣬ֻӶǴͬһת貵Ĺâ
¡
ǰĿռͻȻһ죬ֻһֻƺȻѹ£䵽Ǵâϣ֮죬һɢַ磬ǴֱǱ˳ȥ
ˣ
ռһĵθ˳˵ƾ㣬ҵĶ֣
δأ
ŭת˫ͬʱǴƿһһķ˺Ѷ£籩һ㣬Ҫû
Ԫƣ
ȣ糱ˮӿƶһâһСɽȻ𶷵ӡʵʵĴǷϣ˲仯۴⡣
ɲǼ䣬ƶٶ֮죬޷׽
ʮأ
оһΣϢǴȻļӳγӰֶ£ѹȥ

Ǵ˲䣬𲻾ڶƬǱͬǺӺɳһ㡣
أ
ֻǴ·
εֵ
ϲ룬Ǵң档
ƣ
˭֪𲻽ˣԾ˫ƴһ棬ȼգտһݺݵĻǴϣȼǴնͨ죬бڻơ
ʲô
ɫ䣬æջǴĻԸһץȻӲĽץϣǣ֮£ƺ죬ϯ˻ϣ̲ҽһ˳ȥ
˻
˶һû뵽Ļ˿£ȻǴƽ⡣
ʤг
գǱ±̨
˲䣬˵ĿⶼϣܻȻʶǰʵкͷѺһս֮Ҳռһ֪Ժ˵ʵô׻ս˭
ʵǰ洫ӣѺˣƥԣ洫ȫԲơ
ԣ̨һսĿ䵽˳ϣһƽ˵ѡ񳽻ԣǾ˼ǵĿУڳԣȫûãֻдܳԣſá
֮⣬ܳԣζǰ壬˷Ѻ¡ˣؾҲһ
ԣѡ񳽻ԣ

ʱȫڡ
Ȼսԣʵ̫ˡ
һЩûóĵƣ򲻻֪Եʵ󣬻ս
һڴһ԰
˭Ӯˣǰ壬ýؾʸ񣬼ֱһá
Ѻ¡˶ǿȻûϵսԣΪڼԵʵ󣬼ˣڲóȫƵ£Ҫܳԣֱڵ졣
ԣ뿴𵽵кֶΣսԡ
ǣЩ⣬ΪսԼû뵽ȴսԣ֪ԵĿ£ǴпռԵľ֮£ԲΪԴܳԡ
һЦ˵Բ
սˡ¶΢Цã
֣Сģϵ˶֪Ŀ£ѳԡ
Եͷ߳ʯΣһϱ̨ǰͫ΢ųԣ˵ԣǿҲһսʤδ֪
ҲɡԵĵֻϣʧҲõһ
Ǹ죬;ȥ
ҾͲˡɫһ䣬ȻҪΪʯԼȥҲûбҪһΣЯ֮ƽ
̾һٶҲͬһʱʧ
˶𾪣û뵽ͳԵ֮죬ǶԿ壬ֱͲһεĶ֡
أ
̨էʱһ죬ֻԵȭͷײһѹը৵һ£Ѹٷֿ
ͣ
һȼֻ˫ֶȼջ棬ʮֵȣⲻͨĻ棬еõһּ棬תΪãӵǿӿѺˡ


605 
ৣ
齣γԴ潣Ԫ
ͬǻĻƷȻҪһţ潣Ԫ޷ѹסһơ
Դ飡
Լˣʽת䣬ѹע뽣ݺݴ˳ȥءһըѹĻ汬ըһգ齣͸ƣһٶȺܿ죬Բ׽
ľǿ̳˫־ͬʯһ򳽻ԡ
ۣ
ۼֿ죬齣ƿǻϣˮν䵽죬
ʲô
ͫû뵽ԵĽ֮죬˲伴ҷޱȣ˫̸Ϊѹѹ齣ϣȼճ棬齣
ˣǲɹһ˿Ц⣬һڻӿȼĻ棬ͬ籩һǣϯ
ɫһ䣬˫һץͬӥץСһ㣬Ҫ齣ץУóѣ齣ֱն¶ϵиȥۣǽײ˳ȥ滮һȵĻ潣
һԣʤ㲢󡣡
ԻûʩչУһʩչһᶼûУбȳԸǿĵơ
ǰԺС
Եʵ˲洫ӣȻʵȻǳԵĶ֡
һ㣬ѺҲͬ
ԣһУЩȻζûڴеôʡ
ϵҲ
ƣ
ɫ䣬ϢԾ˫ֻӶһ򳽻ԣоһƽԼвʳƣһʩչԴ׹Ⲩ
ž
齣ݳѸ磬һɫ⻡ͬһ㣬ৣռ䣬γһɼǿĹⲨ̺Ļ齣˳ն£¡ըˡ
أ
ⲨֱӱըѸУʱը𷢳һƺߣһѪ
ɶ񣡡ɫޱȣ֪ƾͨľиͲǳԵĶ֣ôֻжһˡ
뵽˴¶һĨ
֮˽⳽Եʵ£սԣΪԼĵơ
ŵֶΣ
Ϊ˵õŵƣЩһֻΪ˽ŵƻãԵõؾʸ񣬵óһŵƣܳԡ
ڵõŵƺ󣬵һԸ֡
ৣ
գ˳Ƶ˶վھ볽ʮԶĵطһһܡ
Ծ쵽Ĺ֮Ѹٱƽȥ
Ҫʲô
˶ɻ󣬲֪Ҫʩչľ
ۣ
ڴ£ͻȻðѪݣѪ˲Ⱦ·һѪˣ̱ǵѪϢɢɫ䡣
ǡ
Ѻɫһ䣬֪ʩչĳط
ֻ̧˫֣ĸֳһѪɫ֯һγһǿѪһķţпµܡ
һ̣Զɫ䣺ֹ
Ѫƣ
ڳԱƽ˲䣬ͻȻ˫ۣ˫ֺȻ̧𣬳ų԰££һӡһɲɴѪ򳽻ԣһգˡ
Ϣʮֿ£
׽⣡
Լ޷ֹʩչ˷׽⣬һɱУں˷ոͻʦΪǿ߶ҪСӦΪһƽſµٶȣпƻص
¡
׽ȻֻǳںϣﵽĳңҲǲСģͬ籩һ㣬ĺ˳ȥ
ء
׽նѪϣ춯أͷ·һ㣬Ǿ޴Ѫ룬ʵʵϣһĲҽ˳ȥڴڵѪ
ʤг
𾪣û뵽ûжǿƹһ£ȻԿ͸֪׻Щƣ
ܣʣµ洫һӾͽˣҲˣΨ˱ƽѺ¡¡
Ƕųԣ֪ս˭
ԴҲζţ˷ˣѾܸôĶֻзѺԼ¡
ԲûսѺˣս洫ӡ
ǳԵĶֱ֣䣬ûһ̨һս
ǣԵĿ䵽ʮ洫ϡ
ɸһսԵĵ
ԣɫһѿû뵽ԾȻսԼΧ˵Ŀ⣬ԼӦսĻɾͶˣֻҧ˵ã˵գϱ̨񾭱ĵ˼㣬óȫʵ
Ϊ֪ԼǳԵĶ֡
ʵҲˣʩչɱУ͵ֵס˳ȥ
ֱӵ
䣡ԥ˵
ԿһЦҲǡû˳ЦǣΪ̫ǿˡ
˼ֱ䣬ҲӲţ䡣
ڣʮ洫ӣ䡣
¡Ե㲻Ҳɣ
ߣȻ֪Ķ֣Ҫһս¡ΪԷ쵼ߣȻ᲻ս԰ܣԼվ̤ϱ̨ʵҲ㲻Ը⣬ʮ쵼ߣĻƱԷ˻ᱻЦһս
ְɣ¡
û飬һɱУ״¡
𾪣ΪĿǰΪֹ÷ߵˣһܼʮųʤʮŷ֡
ҲֻˣѺ¡¡


606 ͽ
̫ǿˣھǲսҲǽýؾ
ǰ˷ѺˣûĶ֡
ҿܹһսҲֻзѺ͵ˣȻʵ̫´򲻹ԡ
˵Ŀ⿴Ѻˣ²⳽Իս˭
ԣܹǶеκһˣҾ䡣ʱºǺһЦ˵ô
ãԵͷĿ䵽˵ϡ
𣿡¿һķѺһۣЦҲ󰡣
ǺǣҲӵĻҿ洫ԺûǿˡЦ
ðɣȻˣҾˡһεĵͷվ˳
£
˳һû뵽ûѡķ£ѡʵеĵ£˷µĻҲȻˣһǣҲѡʵеĵ£ǿķѺ¡
ৣ
һ߳ʯΣ°εضƮƮ䵽˱̨ϣͬһ磬Ѹޱȡ
϶дڴ֮ɫҲʷﵽ˶壬һЩ϶ĿҲǸעһս
ڣ·ˣϤһУ·𿴼˳Ժ͵䳡Ծ˵ǿĵźͽһ𣬲֪˭ǿ
ųԣйâ˸𳽻Լ棬ͷŭѣϣܹܳԣͬʱϣܣһýؾĻʻһЩ
Ϊÿһ֪ѾһĸӵС
ԣʮֵìܡ
ڷѾ˻òؾͷΪǻǿûлᡣ
ͻȴϣܹܵ£Ȼ֪µȻ洫Ժһֻͣеսܣǲϣȥʣµĸ
һ㣬Ҳ
ԣһսȫԸ
ңԵʵҲȫԸûһ˿ĽҴڡ
ͬҲ飬Ȼ֪ԼѾõ˽ؾһڴǿһսǵºͷѺǿߣֻкǿսԼ߳һԼĽ֮·
˶ûжĻȡ˸Եĵ
룡
Ժ͵ͬʱ˵
ৣ
ͬʱƶƽԷ
ȫ˵Ŀⶼǰɱ̨ϡ
֪ⲻǳԺ͵µһսҲǵͺͽ͵һս
Ϊ洫Ժ֮ȴû֮ȻĽʵ̫ˣ񳽻Գˣǵ֮ĵһ͡
洫Ժһͺ͵һһս
ͽĵӣеĿ۷һս
ˣ
µĵȻΪ򵥣һ֣ܶȻԳҲˣӳ󵶣ʤѩѷâ¶ĵͬһҵӣݺݳ򳽻ԣ޴£ԵüС
˭֪СӰϣ̺˿
һնգضѩһƬ·ֻʣһ
һһǰҪһС
ৣ
ͬģҲǼ򵥵һ
ڱβ񷡣
ɢĽ޷ֱӡ
ͽͬӷ磬һУ
ء
ݺ˽ϣѹǧΡΡɽȴǷ˫նأֱԻһأ춯أֻĤǰһƬ׹⣬˵һεĶԾ
ΨһڳϺ͹ԼѺµ˲ſԿ壬ҲֻǿŶѡ
һսԱ⳽Ժһսǿ
Ϊɢĵͽɫһ䣬ȳԵͬʱû뵽µʵҲǿԭΪԼǰܸ˳ԣҲԴܵ£ڿûôס
ʮ洫ӣǰĴڣûһߣǷһŮӣҲС
¡¡
ɱ̨ڵͽ£һգӲˡ
̨Ǳݺݹȥ磬ȥ
ɢĵⲨͬڵһ㣬ڱ̨ϣһζӳһѷ죬ƺҪķѡ
̫ˣϢǾ޷ֵ
ǵʵ̫ǿˡ
ǵʦߣΣ¾ʦǿҲûǿɣ
˾ѸԶ̨
гľעӹ̨̱ҡαֹ̨ͣζȻҴ⣬Ϊгһʦǿߣоǳԣǵ£ӵ˿һʦʵ
һ㣬ҲϯϵϷ֣¶֮ɫ
ˣɫһԳּӹ̨̱
ˣһڳϲŷ
أأ
ͽĵͽȥ̨ͬһƬ֮һ㣬޷ȥ
ͬʱ̨棬̨𶯡
ৣ
˵Ŀһγǿľʵһ㣬ͬǿ󣬾ͬɽһ㣬ڽֱûеͷƣһǵ־һǽ־ǿ־ײһˡ
ˡ
־ͽ־ɨһпռ䣬ոճֵĥˡ
ϣ
ǵ£ǳԣ˵ٶȶǼģͬһ۷ٶȣչֳս޽ӽ޵оŽ׵ʦǿߡ
һ㣬ѺΪѾѹ˰˳ɶԪ޽ӽųɣ仰˵ʵҲ޽ӽ޵оŽ׵ʦǿߣڳԣ͸ΪһսߵսҲ޽ӽ޵оŽ׵ʦǿߣȴ΢㡣
˶һΪԽܸû뵽ȴˣԤϣˣʤˡ


607 Ծ
ԣ͸ԡ
սԤ⣬ΪʤŶԣˣԺ͵һսսȣôǷҲܵأ
ûԺͳԶԾܲԵ޷⡣
ΪǾսȫͬ
طǳĴҲ޷ȡ
£һ굶ͣΪھ洫Ժ
꽣ͣΪҲĹھ洫Ժ˾֮ͬҲ˾ֻ֮óȻþ֮ΪȻûпܸԣоǾ֮Եʡ
֪֮ģϣҲ֮ĽͶԾûио񳽻Դȵľ֮
ο֮ĵơ
Ծ֮ȥ̽⳽Եľ֮оԼһмɵĸо
׺
ưԾϢ¶ɣ˿ͺһһâ¶ʩչԼĳһӳͬһĺ¡ͬǳһ㣬ԵΪǣۡ
¡¡
׺ǵֻеһ⡣
ն
´һ˫Ŵ󵶻£¡ͷ·һƬ󺣽ҪûУȽȽɢķֻǵҲǼͣԹᴩء
һ̣ɫ䣡
һ̣ʧס˺һµǵӰҪ֪ܷ񻯽һ
Ѻ϶¶֮ɫ֪һԼҲҪȫԸ
ԣҲ֪λһ
磡
ûʩչ׽⣬磬һɱУѸ٣ֱӵķʽƽֵʽ磬Х·Ǿأɫ䣬̨·ڲ
ȫӶվעһս
ĿĶų̋Ҫ֪ս֡
һƬأԼóȫʵҲǵµĶ֡
ԣһԳӮ˵ĻȨ
ΪĴжȡ
ԣһзпռԵڣӿһĨ𺧣û뵽뵽ԲͣǽͿռֶͣգֱǧźҲ
ͬʱҲȻΪǰݳɵĵӣ츳ûУôɵӵҲδ̫˰ɣ
𾪣ΪΪͳֱӵĶԾܹһ¸оһصȻ޷ȷһȴ֪Ŀ£û˿ԥע뵶Уݺ¡
ƣ縫ɽ
䡪
̺ռϯ׺һĵϣ춯صĺ죬ֱأضû˱ѹһС
ͽ֯һ
׺ͿռԼ籩ֱͣԻأӻһС硣
¡¡ɢĳɨķ͵ײڷϣ̨ҡҡ׹
һǣ϶д𺧣ţ־ȣȳԺһսøǿҡ
ͽþòɢ買ǳͬʵڵĽһ㡣
ãŽɢȥԺ͵¶˵Ӱ˵ǰ
һƽ·ƮϢ棬һսӣ齣бָ棬ӳճһƬⲨˮһ㵴
棬µֳŴ󵶣⵹ӳڿһƬ⻡ɫȴǽֳһĨ԰ףüҲһĿصĿųԣ˵лҪǿ
Իûнԣһƽ˵
ȴǵһû뵽һǱƴУ¾Ȼ·磬ûѹƳԡ
д˾ԼûкͳԶԾ
ѺҲһأµʵģղһҲǵµһɱУԼϣҲҪóųʵû뵽Խ»Ȼ£֪ǰδеǿС
Ҳ¶𺧣û뵽µʵֵܹ⣬ԼĻֻʩչܹһϸ£ǲ׷ġ
ٴ¶˸ӵĹâʲô꿡ûмʲôûţ񳽻ǵһţҪ֪ǰԻֻһߣȴΪŵǣǬԪķʵǿ͸˺档
Ҳǵɴ۾ųԣд𾪣ԺУܹ͵±ģֻзѺͽˣȻٶһˣȵ¸ǿɫ
Ҳζû뵽ܹɳգԭΪԼǿԼҲΪֿȵû뵽һлһӰһжΪһˣԣڼܸԺͺڵﳽԣգǳ׺ˡ
һУϺ춼ûпĻֻǺֵ飿
һ
ϯϣһڳҲǾȣԳԵı֣޷ľޡ
ŹҲңԼĻŽĻᣬܹع鱾ڵĻᣬ˷ܣЦѹסͷ㺡
ڣȻѾϵ²ǳԵĶ֣ۿһָо޷ݡ
ԣԣԣ
˲Ϣ䣬䳡Ͽնǡԡ֡
ȫں֣ʵԵӣͷֱ׷Ѻ¶޷ʤ
ųԵıӰһ޷Խ㺣ԷѺҲûй
ص㡢ϵҲǵһξóԱİоǺͳԲͬһˣҪߵ·ǲͬǸеˣΪгѾˡ


608 ɱһս
ñԼɣ
ȫעƿʼۣγһǿҵĵ磬ͬһܺХ۳һһĵԳΪģХȥ
ãԵͷ֪Ӳпսʼˣ齣գ貵Ľ֮⻪¹⣬峺ˮȴ̺µ˺ǳĽ·ѾƲƲˡ
麣һ
Ծ裬ڷҾ󵶱˫УʵһĵƣΡɽԽŴ󵶵£տɫĵ鲼̨ռÿһ䣬
¡
޾ƣ̺ͬˮһ㱻뵶棬貵Ըӣһնտɫĵ˲ϯ̨ųϯȥԶԶȥ·ǵһ֮ˮʳˢһ
Ԫ
أ齣趯죬һԽӰ·齣Ϊһ壬ǿᵽµľںϣһɲ״ͬǦˮһء
Ǻ¡µĵ˲ͣѹȿռ䣬һ޷ֺ
뺣һ
ɫһ䣬һѪ쳤Хӿ󵶣ٴһ
һͣǿ
꣡
һ޷⣬ɲ⣬ϣͬɽ۵µëȻ
¡
һɨնƲ񷣬ǵи롣
أ
ನɨڵµϣػһ㵹ɳȥڰѪдַɳ̨棬̨𶯡
һĻÿһ˵Уɴ۾һʱ侹Ȼ˵
䳡һƬž
ˡ¿ȳѪųԣЦ˵
ãһֵ𾴵Ķ֣ϣܹһ·ϹԹ˵
šصĵͷ󵶣ಽ±̨
±̨ȫ˲ŷӦ
ˣ
𾪣д𺧣һЩѾ뵽֣ۼʱҲ𾪵˵
𾪣򳽻ԣû˵
ȻĬȻ˫ȴǽճȭͷ
ڻǰˡѺ˵򳽻ԣһ˿â֪ϳˡ
ԣ͵±ǰ˵һս䡣˵˵꣬Ŀ䵽˷ѺϣڳеӣҲֻʵǿпܴܳˡ
ԣû⣬ǽĿۼ˷Ѻϡ
ͬһʱ䣬еӵĿ䵽˷Ѻϡ
Ϊ洫ԺϯӣѺѾϰĿĿ⣬һ̣ȴޱȵѹһֲ״ĸоԱ㺡
һڳҲǿŷѺǿΪ洫ԺϯӵķѺһǰδеѹ
ѺͬĸоɣһƽʵǸо·ͷѺǶһ
Ѻһ̨Ŀ⿴򳽻ԣ˵һǿĶ֣ϣһսֻҲܱøǿ
ҲǡĿᶨս⼤ԣһսɱ⡣

һһɫµķѺ˱̨ϣڵͬĵ򳽻ԣϽ۳ǿս⣬һɼǿơ
ȭһ̣֪˷Ѻ͡ǿҵȭ
һڽ֮·
Ѻͷ˵ԣ޵оŽ׵ʦߣӦ֪ζʲôԣϣһսܹóȫʵֻһܡҲ⡣
û˵ӽаγ齣Ѿ̬ȣĽϢͬʵĽһڿռﴩ󣬴ͬϢ˶ݣΪһ̣Ѿʹһͬʱʹ硢
ɢϢӿȷ籩ɨķռ䣬һС
ʣ
ȶ籩һĽһ֮⻪Ŷͬĳһ㣬̨УޱȵĿֲ洫ɫ䣬Ƿ֣˿̵ĳԾͬһ⻪Ŀͷųȫâ
۾ʱǲԼͳ֮Ĳж
ɫΪִ˿̵ĳԣȻ֮ǰԼһսʱǿˡ
Ȼʵ¶ЦޱصķѺ˵ϣܹɣ
ΪԵֱӶ֣ѺΪᵽԵǿָоԵǿϣǹɽϢŨҵĲȭϢ࿹⡣
սɣ˵
ս
Ѻ˫չͬһֻɫ裬򳽻ԣǿµȭϢͬ˳һϯ

ͬһʱ䣬ԽĽ쳹ء
ֻ廬裬ܳһ磬ӭѺ
ͬŷĽϢһ˺أиռ䣬ŵӼͷƤ飬ŵӶľս
һ̣ԼֱǸޡ
¡
֮ľ뱻Ѹʮ֮ʱѺȻȣȭȻ£ǿĳֱӺ齣ϣһ죬ȭͽͬʱͬѤõ̻
˵ٶȶǼ죬ѸƶѸ
һڳϣԼЩŽ׵ʦ洫⣬ӸԿ̨ϵսֻܼӰڿٵƶһ졣
ˡ
Ѻȭͷͳе齣ײһǵһȦȦµĲƣͬ˾Ƿ·ǷѺȭͷСɽһ㡣


609 ȭVS
ֻ˲ϢĹ򣬳ԺͷѺͽϰٴΣȻֻǼ򵥵ѧƻȴǿĨɱһŽ׵ʦ֣οȭͽĿܣǿԱⶥŽ׵ʦֵĹ
򵥵໥̽ѺͳԶ֪ѷֳʤ
һۣѸٷֿ䵽̨ˡ
ԣҽʩչУҪСˡѺӳԣ˵
ҲǡԵ
սˣ˶ضԷӶԷΪƽ֣ܹһսȻǳ졣

Ȼƽı̨һɺ磬ֱ½Ϯˣͬһ㡣
ܹĸоѺɢµĺϢķƣױֻһͬһʸڷѺ·ϣǻһ㺮
ȭ
ٿȻѺ˫ۣǿҵĺȾһȭӳɢȭͷͬһɽ򳽻ԡ
潣Ԫ
˲䣬ڸоѺǺʩչ˻潣ԪȵĻϢӳȥ죬лȼգֱնѺȭͷ롣
Ȼ͹˷Ѻһȭ潣ȭͷϣȻ޷ڻֺѩɽȼգ޷ƿһ硣
ƣ
ѺЦһȭƲɵֱǽ潣ɻ档
ͦƽԣ˫ȭɽ
Դ׹Ⲩ
ˣһû뵽Ȼ޷ƷѺĺǽʽת䣬ʩչ׹ⲨԴĵʹɫâ²ڵһ㣬¡һѺ
¡
һⲨն˷ѺȭͷϣǿϣпµĻٶȶʱ䵽ǺУӳǧƵ⻡ͺһƬǿƣ̨Ѹٷѡ
¡¡
̨ҡҡ׹
ৣ
Գǰ齣϶иأ˫
ȭ
Ѻȭƽ⣬ȭһ䣬ʩչһɱС
ĺȭżǿĶһУѺһѹƵ£䵶󽵣һʩչɱУܵ£ʩչһеʱ򣬵¶ɫ΢䣬һĿųԣҪƽһС
һȻŵԼ֪֪һȭĿ£ɫһ䡣

ȭһʩչԲɿٶȶ̨ռ䣬˲ϢԽµ̨涼סˡ
Դ飡
ɫһ䣬齣£һ㣬ڵһ㱬ը߽⺮תۼͱᡣ
ৣ
Լٵ˳齣趯룬ͬǷɽֹĶᡣ
ͬʱһץ͵˦һǿ紵ͬ籩һ㣬ȴзϢͬһ˺Ǻռ䡣
꣡꣡꣡
ǰռ䱻߽⣬ѺٴλӶһȭͬ˳һ㷭ϯķٶȴ˲Ͷ˱̨֮Ŀռ䡣
һˡ
ãΣաصɫһ
ϺʮҲɫ䣬¶ɫ
ҪżȻУ·δңȻûʩչĽСʮ侲ķ
һԵֵһȭϵ
Ҫ𣿡˶¶ɻ֮ɫȻѺһȭ󣬵ӦÿԵֵŶԣοнûʩչӦòܵô졣
Ӧûơº֪ԵĿ£ǿɲųԾͻڷѺϡ
һڳ϶ƽսһԲ
ڹ͸ֳϸУ·ûпԱѺѹһ㡣
Ԫ
ʵֻгԲ֪ѺһȭĿ£ѾԶԶ˺еĶľˣֻʩչԪӻٶȡ
ৣ
ʩչû˿̸ͣı佣С
֮⣡
磬˼٣ٶȹھԣǷںϣٶȣиﵽһˣûǺռ֮ڣĽ֮ڶⱬɽ

գ۹򣬷֮һƬռ䡣
⣡
һ˲ʩչ⡣
¡
УƵ⻡ͬһʱ䱬ըȭ˲䱻߽⡣
׽⣡
ţʩչ׽⣬ںϣǾˣᴩأͬӺʱһ㣬¡˲
̨ϣ˲Ϣ籩ϯֱ֣һûһ˿
䣡
ЯУֱնѺһɳȥ
úã
ѺһսʤǰԵȭ۳Σͷʵһ㣬𣬴˲񷡣
ǧ
һǫ̃̄棬ͬһ̨ϣ̨ռ䡣
һɱУȺȭӿ£
ǡ
ֲıϯ̨԰С
ৣ
콣ÿһ̺׽⣬ĨɱͨŽ׵ʦ֣ԷѺıȴ޷ֵʮδն£Ѿ⣬ΪһĴڣѩһ㡣
䣡
Ѻһѩˣ˫ȭһĺ˫ȭ֮ʱ̨Ӳ³һǱµ˼㣬ͽ˲䱻ɿͣڰС
ꡪ
ıĳųϯȥҪû


610 Ȼ
¡
һ죬춯أ˸׹âǧߣ⻪貣ȴɢ˫ĽϢиһУǱռ֮С
ȻһϽϢնһ֮ʱȴ޷硣
¡¡
ӴıѹڳԵϣ±̨
ǣ
Ѻ˫ȭ䣬ǳأ¡һ˳ϣµı˲ӿУһεܡ
ʲô
ȫ󺧣վ˼ĿųԱᡣ
̫ˣѺʵѾȫ˵ʦһΣʦǿߵʵ
ǰû뵽ĻᶼûУȫͬһεĶ֡
Ѻʦǳˡ
ԭΪԵʵѾǿˣû뵽ǿҲǷѺĶֱ֣š
޵оŽ׵ʦʵ𣿡Ŀص˵
ȫĶ֡ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ȻԸϣȷʵˡ
㣬ˡ𾪵
ѺĿͬտɫıʯ˷ѺһۣĿ䵽˱ɵܵĳϣ˵Ҳţͻܸ
֡ϵǰҪ̨ǿµıǸǰֺΪܵˣǰҲֻб³ǶԸţ԰ˡ
Ҿ֪ƾҲܷѺ֪˰ɣʱһĴЦֻ濴űĳԹЦһĵ⡣
ߡһɫѿ˼㣬ΪоѺĿ£ԼʩչҲ޷ֵɱȴſԺͷ¡һսؾõһ
𣿡ֳ˵
΢΢ףȻҲΪԲƽѺһȭ
ס飬űһĳԣȻסһ۾ٿȻһЦ˵Ҿ֪ǲô׾ġ
ô£ԣɻĿŹ죬ٿȻɫҲһ̨
ֻĳԣǾӨ͸ıͻȻֳһͬĽһ㣬֫ٺۣ˸罣һĹ⻪ˡ
һĻ˵ע⡣
ѵ
ɻʱǱȻһ˸ͬϼ£һ
أ
Ȼը˿
ৣ
Գǰ齣ǰն£ƽһ
ûκεʽֻǼ򵥵һ
һ·ѾȻӽ
Ϣ
ۡ
һ£ǿµı˲߽⣬ͬĭһʧ
Ѻɫ䣬ʧȻôܡ
Ȼܣ
ʦǿ߲ƿصôܹգ
Բܣһۻˡ
һ䵽೤УʧɫվŹ춼ĿһƬɣǽȻϵܹȻǾޣ԰˽׵ʦܾ֮Ȼʦǿ߲ƿص
Ȼ
򵥵˵ǹȻ
˵򵥣ʵӣ̸Ǹ٣ǧ
ʦ͵ʦĲ࣬Ҳһֳ
߶һʦ²ΣǸ޷ƿģͳ϶ˣҲֻǽӽǹȻͽȻ洫֮УûһƿȻ
ǿѺҲδƿȭȻ
ɴ˿֪ƿȻǺεȵļѣֱǱȵ컹ѡ
һ㣬ѺΪģΪѾӵ޵оŽ׵ʦֵʵܹƿȭȻʵȻһʦǿҲĶ֣һͻƣɾʦ֮ʵȻǳֲԽս
ϧŬһ⾰Ҳδƿ
ԣ˿е𾪿ˡ
ȻҺ֮ĲԽԽˡ˵֪ڵĳԣѾɵĴԼ
ɫҲѿޱȣһԲ
ΪѿȻĸղŵЦ棬ڵͬһ׳գĿͣŵĿųԣвظһ仰ܣⲻܣ
㣬ƽˡԾ˵
šµͷĿ⸴ӵĿųԣ˵ҵһ͸ˡ
֣ͣϵ˶ˣһ˷֮ɫ
սŸոտʼһƽƽ˵ʵϣҲһ£ڹؼʱ̣Լ޷ڶʱƿؽȻôֻܶĵƣ֮
ڲˣ˽ȻĳԣʵһΣսֱӵ޵оŽ׵ʦͷѺ¡
УѺһǿĶ֣һһսĶ֡
۳ǿս⣬ȼգǿҵͬʵһ£ɢĽϢ˾֮ǰǿֹ
ѺȸղŸӵأϢۣˮ©ȭϢۣ罭ϣ¡֮ͬˮʳһӳԣ˵ȻһǿĶ֣ԽսԽǿȻˣһжʤɣ
ãԵͷ
ѺһǿһС
һУǿơ
һж޷ܳԣôһˡ
һжӮ
ԴˣȻ֪ûоܾΪսˣǿĵƣ޷ֳʤԣҲͬ˼
˶˵ĶԻȫûзŵķڣǼž
Ϊֲ֪һУ
һУѺͳԣ˭Ϊ洫Ժϯӣһˣ
˵ĿⶼǶϣȫûκ


611 ־Ķײ
Ӷˣڴ
ڣҲվĿ͸䳡ķ
̨ϣ
ǷѺǳԣϵϢʮֵǿңȴûκε죬ղһεǿҶײֱ֮û˻ɽһĿ£ڴš
ƾճ֣ڷѺͳԶϡ
ž
ϵ·죬ͬŽ
ˣˣˣ
֮УѺֳһâʮֵǳʵʣ·ʵһ㣬һȭӡǹâ֮г֣һĹ켣ڷѺС
Щȭӡɫâ²糯ƺͻƲ
ȭӡѺްͬһӤѸٳɳӵǿ
ɢϢͬɽ緢һֱǹֱϿγһ޴ȭӡͬɽһΡ룬Խ
ͬʱγһǿ־޷ݣԵǳ
ȭ־
ͬʱԵҲһɷȵǽ־
ৣ
콣Ϣ𣬾忪ˣֱǻء
Ƕкÿµ־
ȭ־ͽ־ǳ˿̫ˡ
ƾϢͿɱǡ
洫ӾѺͳԶ˵ʵʵ̫ˣֱǵʦ߿ӵе
ǳϣҲɫ䡣
͸ֳ϶϶¶أǶ֪Ŀ£һʧأ·ѺͳԶܾ˵³ɲҪġ
Уֹǡֳϼ˵ţ
ãѵͷֹ֪Ļ롣
죬֣ϷһԣǶԵްڸֳϳҪֹʱһϵڹ
ϡԣɫһ˵ֳϣһ¡
ǴϣֳȻֻʦǿԸоϢʵ
šͷ˵дڰУǲΣգֹ
ԣֳϵͷ
ԣУ
ѺȻ˫ۣһȭ޲ƣȴ̺Ϊȭ־ͨѧʽԱ⣬ȫһ෽ʽеĹͺñȾ֮Ĺһ޷ۿ
ȻˣɢϢҲռŤת
ʣ
һԲһ£־ȻӿҪƿǰһУǿռ䲻ͬȭ־µĿռŤǱиʿӵĿ£Ϣһ㱻ȥԲ˶ķʽȭ־вʽ⡣
һּµĹʽͬĽҽһһһĽ߽⣬ֿ
ۣ
ڷѺͳԶ˵ԺȻһ죬ʶһ磬㱣ݵʧȥָֻоͷ·壬ܿһ
ֻѺͳԶվһƬƽ֪еա
һڳȴһأеĹעˡ
͸ֶҲˣȻ֪һԣҲûɵһġ
ΪǷѺǳԶŰ겻ţǿԳΪʢ֧
¡ºҲйעȻ֪һսѾǶս̬⣬Ⲣ֪һսĿ¡
ʵҲˣѺͳԶڳ׼־ʱͻȻоԼʧȥ˶־ƿأΪ˾ˣ̺ĿɲȴľһĻһǾˣ
Ȼ޷ͨһΣ֪޷ֹˡ
ˣ
ǧһ֮ʱһ׹ǸԵԺУڷѺȭ־ڳԵĽ־˲䱻˿·һεǿƣǿолǵ塣
ϡ
һߵӰǵԺУȻǴ
ˣһԵΪֹɡ˶һۣ˵
ԣѺͳԶδüӦ͸оعԼ˹
ű˴ˣѺͳԶ˶һĬ
ô£
ãȻ֪ʲô
⡭гҲһʱ޷ֱ棬һ˭ʢ˭ܡ
һԣƽ֣ʱһϵ
ϣǴϣ˴󾪣û뵽ϾȻˣȴûпӰ
ּ칪˵ʵѺԣ֪Ƕ˶Դϵľ飿
Ѻͳһۣ֪²ܼȥοʵ޼ʵѷֳʤǹ˵
ãڱԣƽ֣˵
ǣѺͳԹݵ
ƽ֣
ȻĽ֣Ȼȫ𾪣û뵽洫ԺһˣϯӷѺδܴܳԡ
еĵλֱͷѺ
ˣԵıҲˣʮһʤһƽ
֮ĵһˣ
ֻǣӵеһ˳ƺŵĻһˣѺ
ʵģǿ˼㣬˳֮⣬Ȼǵ¡¡ҲĶ֣ͬǶʮһʤһƽ
ͳԲеһ
΢Ĳ࣬ͷ£Զʮʤܵĳɼڶ
Ȼܸ˵£ǿȴǷ¿Եֵģڷǰ档
Ȼģȴǵˣյȡ˽ؾһ
ߡڰˡھšʮֱ𣺻¡
洫ҲųΡ


612 ͻƾŽ׵ʦ
ˣ
ԡѺ¡˻ýؾʸ
ͬʱӦĽ
ڲУѡȡһƷн׽հνͬʱһƷʯһ
֮⣬³һкȻƷʯ
֪ŶĶһµ⳥ûоܾ

ϥڳŽ׵ʦ
ںһսΪʹﵽ˰˽۷ʦͷѺһսǾǽ־ﵽһ壬ֵʱͻƣʱ
Ҫֻ֪ǰ˽۷ʦͿԺͷѺսƽ֣ͻƾŽ׵ʦʵʮȫԴܷѺ
ȻҲ֪ѺһֱΪѹھŽ׵ʦ֮ʱʦУͻƵĻһսҲδ֪ϾʵѾ˿ֲˣͻʦʵҲʮ
Ҫһ㣬ǳ֪һβؾΣأвǶҲ˵
ҿ϶ɵĶӶǸ֮ʵ󣬿¼Ѻǿ֣Ҳǲ
ԣԲҪΪͻƵŽ׵ʦ
һʵ
һڳܡ
ɢҩϢӿëУоͺȪһˡ
ûóȻվҩǽ״̬ڵһ
һʱȥԸоվҩˡ
һһͬʱֽ⣬һҩӿڣ羨̺ˮһ㣬յһɶ
¡
һҩǿ󣬳ڳڣͬһڳ壬һٸҩӣ볽֫ٺ壬ʮ֮󣬲űͽ
ˣ
һɺ󺣰ڳ
Ž׵ʦ
˲䣬Ծͻư˽׵ʦﵽ˾Ž׵ʦĲΣǿڵоǰδеǿ󣬳һҪͷŵĸоָоѹסΪ֪Ϊֻһ֣ǽؾҲֻһʸˡ
ֻһʸ񣬵Ҫжȡʸ⻹ԶԶ
ţǬԪȻ֮һƾްԵĴڣŵݣ½Ǿǲ׺һڣСͬһţȻѺµĶ֣Ƕһأ
һڣ
һ㣬˿ɡ
ԣΪֻһ֡
ΪߣѧҲǼҪһ֣ΪͬȾߣߵȼѧ˻ʤĻʴ󣬶ͬߵȼѧߣʤĹؼǶѧƿغ̶ȡ
Ҫľѧ
յĽҪĻиոյõĽհν
һµĽ
ڽһҳдһС֣հνȡǧ
仰˼ǣհνɸǧɱ֡
ֻ룬;ÿ¡
̶ȿ֪춼ԣ׽ڲв֪೤ʱ䣬п֮ʱʹˡ
ϰ׽ǹҲģһΪ˽Ҫʵ̫ˣ;Ҫ̣ﵽһ˽ĵز
һѺȡõһҲ׽ܿͷˣΪ;޷׽ҪһĽ;˥εȥ
ԣҲ׽ɻ䡣
֪ѡȡ׽ʱҪȰѡһ׽
ȴԾܾ
Ϊ׽ֱΪġ
ǾԶǳԽ˵ʦΣﵽʦ֮ǽռھ֮УľǱ
ͬ⡣
ԭǣչ־ʱǰֱɫ䡣
ΪԵľľҪǿҪ֪ʦǿߣֱɲ⣬ɳԵľȻҪǿǸôﵽһΣ޷
ȻȾһЩȴǿԺ͹⣬ﵽʦĲΡ
ԣհνֱǲѴ֮
գͽ׽С۷壬гҲԶˡ
ֹգԸо޷հνͻгɣǾ
֪ʱȥ
Խ˴ɡ
Խ⣬ԽСɡ潣гɣгɡ׽С۷塣
ԴõһԵʵٴһΣѾ޵оŽ׵ʦֵĲΣսΣʵ
ʮ㣬ŲֳĶ֣Կڲؾ֮һջ
󣬳ָ㿵ϵ˵ࡣ
һգ³ǰ֪ͨʱǰ
֪ǰؾӵˡ
գʱ
߽ֻѺ¡º˶Ѿˣǰ˼΢΢ͷΨһĮһ
Դ˳Ҳ⣬ԼʧƷʯҲʲôɫ
ϡǰû뵽Ź죬ȻҲڳȻԼƽཻϾŵĵӣ𾴻Ҫеģһ񣬶ݵš
šͷһۣ˵һβؾ¹شдԴӣһӴϵķԸûУ
ǣͷһ𣬹Ӧ
ˣϷɣ·ϣһ˵˵ؾ˰֣˵


613 ݵһ
һɽһֻ޴ĺգڵϣͬһɫɽһ㣬źڹ⣬ͬһ㣬ɢһ͵ϢȻߺɣʵȸ߽׵ʦ֡
ޣߺա˵ǬԪؾʮʦǿշУҲҪʱ䣬δͻʦԾ
˵ţƮƮ䵽ձϣԳ˵ɣ
ԣ䵽ϡ
⣬ϣʦǿߡ
˵վˣ߿ǿʦǿҲҷɵ̫ߡ
ԣ˲Ҵ⣬׷塣
߰ɣ
ʹϡ˹ݵ
һ˫չϸ߿ա

߿йȻǿңӿǳ壬Ҳվȡ
ܿվͷɵƽȣǿźſҲס壬۲ܣֻƮָأȺɽ಻ɿвԭϡ
׳˼㣬ԾĿ˵̹
ѺҲǱƽ⣬һƬؾɫ
ϼ˶Ǿ죬ͬʱеˣڣźγ
΢΢ף˵Ϸ˵˵ؾ
ԣ̿£ɫ
ؾڶ޼ĮһƬյУΣأؾΣգΣڶʮٵɵӣǽҪСźܶӲؾЩɵӵϡ
˵һ룬ʲôûᣬһнʵֻҪʵͿȥҪõĶ෴ûʵֻ·һҪס
ǡ˹
֮һ仰ؾ淨򣬾ǿʳʵһС
šͷ˵ؾ棬ĵرѧ֮ҪþҪûǸʵŵĲܹнЩѧ伮ľЩӴӲؾеõġ
Ҳ⣬ܹųǾͱ빱׸һ֮Ҫ׳ʲôûй涨ǵ뷨ͿɣŲӸ档˵һ⣬û˿⡣
ǡûо⣬ϾǣܹŴӲؾһջ񣬺αػںôһ㣬˶ͷͬ⡣
һ㣬ҪסڵӣԱţ˵ǵݡ˵
ԣѺ˶¶ɻΨгԲ²⵽ʲô
˵ڣŵıڣϣǻ֮ꡣ
⻰Ѻ˶¶һ𾪡
ڣ
ݵһڣ
û뵽ŵıھȻǿ󣬻ڡ
һ㣬ǳҲû뵽ΪǰһҲŹڣڵʵ֮ǿǷŵҲһĴڡ
ɾȻСÿķڡ
ʵ벻ס
ѺҲ벻ףֻǶûжʣɻؽ
ãŴӶݸռһЩŵԼǵĽϣǿһǣһҪСģܿǡһӣ屾䵽ϣ˵Ϸûнˣ޼ɳĮʱ䣬Ǿʱú˽һЩǱڵǿְɡ
ǣ˹£ʼᡣ
һ˵϶ٵ¶ɫжһƬ𾪡
ŵ¼
ⱾϾȻ¼˶һĽܳӡ
ӣŴӣ֮ףʮ꣬Ž׵ʦ֮壬Ƶţѧɱһʦǿһһս
޼޼ڴӣʮ꣬Ž׵ʦţ֮壬ѧ޼ɱ޵оŽ׵ʦһһʦǿߡ
£޽ڴӣʮ꣬Ž׵ʦţԽ֮壬ѧ۰Խһʦǿߡ
ڴӣʮ꣬Ž׵ʦƵţˮ֮壬ѧһʦǿߡ
裬ڴӣʮ꣬Ž׵ʦȭţ壬ѧһʦǿһսܡ

һʮɵŵӼ棬йǵͻȻСǿԿÿһģгҷ硢ϼ˵ϡ
һҳʱ۾ٿȻɴ
ţ
ѺŴӣʮ꣬Ž׵ʦƵš
£Ŷӣʮ꣬Ž׵ʦš
£ӣʮ꣬Ž׵ʦƵš
ϣȴʲôûС
óԳԾǣ澹ȻԼϣ
ԣ½ӣǳʮ߽꣬׵ʦţս£ǬԪ½ӣΪǬԪһţڰǸ߽׵ʦսУҷ洫ҷ硢ϼ洫ϼ޽洫ӺҰһ֣Ϊǵʮλʤߡ
ļ¼ȻȷѺ˻Ҫϸ
ͷ𾪵ͬʱò׫ŵ¼ʵͨ
֣û뵽㻹սѺЦ
ǰ߽׵ʦʹһŵ洫ӣҶǾŽ׵ʦ֣ʵ𾪣̹书ҾԲ˵ġҲǵͷ˵һξðܸԣѿ
صģǬԪһš˵
ȻǺ޳ԣһᱨڼ¼ԵϣҲǴһжԳԵļɵŨˡ


614 ޼ɳĮ
ȻѾǰ򳽻ԵĿⶼ֮ɫ
ûʲôǵʦսǿ߲࣬ȥҲԻðʤߵĳƺš˵
ԣѺ˶ҡͷ
ڳԵĻȻõȴ߽׵ʦΪģǣ޷
𾪵ԭ
¶Ц⣬ԳԸΪأŻع鱾ڵĸˡ
ԼˣҲٶ˵ʲô
һ·޻
һ˰·ҹϢ磬һ˳һƬɳĮϿա
ɳĮޱ޼ʣһͷ
ɫĻɳ̸ڴϣͬһɫĵ̺һ㡣
޼ɳĮˣ
޼ɳĮշһʱͣ䵽ɳĮϡ
ܣѾɵӵ
ֻеɵӶ࣬е٣аˣٵҲˡ
Է֣ԽɵӣʵԽǿԽٵģԽͺñȶߵһɣӶˣÿһӶǾŽ׵ʦ֣սҲļ޾Ž׵ʦֻһˣ޵оŽ׵ʦʵ
ֻõɣʵǿҲֻŽ׵ʦһֻͨŽ׵ʦֵʵ
ȽȻֻˣӵ޵оŽ׵ʦֵʵһ̶ϣѾԺЩһţű⡣
Ҳ֪ŵۺʵǿ̫ˡ
ͬʱҲ֪ÿһɽؾǰʵģһͿԿݵĵλĩ
ӥŵĵҲˡȻ˵
ԣһȻǹ޵Сѩ޺۵ӥ첻Ĵ£޼ɳĮ
ӥֻӡ
Ȼӥŵʵһ̶š
㣿ӥź϶ͷˣڵȻעţѩ޺ۿԾȻҲʱ¶˲ŵɫôû뵽ԳԵʵȻҲܻʸ
ôܣѩ޺ɫΪѿѺ˻֣ԾȻҲõһʵζû뵽ġ
ԴӰܸԺ󣬶ͼǺ޲ѣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬к⸡֡
оھŽ׵ʦߵϢҲȻˣĿȴޱȣâ˸֪Щʲô
ãѩ޺һֱĿ⿴ųԣǸǹһɫ
ǹ޵Ҳǳһû뵽Իһѩ޺۰ܸԣֽѵһ£Ϊ̫ԭûԸڼҲ˸⡣
ԣѩ޺۶֮ѵҲìܲɣ¼ɻʵ
šԵͷûж˵
ˣҲʡ
Ѻ͵¶ľû뵽ԾȻѩ޺۵˷ҿѩ޺ڳԵϲûֵκκô
뵽һ㣬˿򳽻Ե񣬸ˡ
Ψ޸飬һѪӡ
ãҲˡ
Ҳֻӡ
˵ʵֻͨŽ׵ʦʵһȴǼǿһۣһͷòȻͨͬһֻʨһ㣬Ĳб
ѣ
һˣѺ϶¶ص飬Ϊڴӣѣʵǿ
ҲֻѺ˵ע⡣
ѣʮ꣬Ƶţڴӣ޵оŽ׵ʦ֡
ԿŴˣԺгϡ
𾪡
ûܹ뵽ʵŵڣȻǿĵӡ
һڷѺĶ֡
ͬӥǹ޵еڼѣҲ¶֮ɫȻ֪ѵʵ
ʱţ½½Ÿϵ
õҲ˲
ЩŻõԿԱ˽ڶݵĵλʵ̫һ㣬ǵ׵š
УϼšҷڵһɵʵȻǿö࣬Ȼа˸
ٴμϼҷˣ򵥵Ĵк
ؾΣأһѣǺõġ
ͬʱҲ˶һŵϯϣϵ衢彣ʵֱӵᣬϼصĸǿ
һ⣬ŵӣ޵оŽ׵ʦֵʵŵϯӡ
Ѻһ㣬ΪѹھŽ׵ʦĵӣʮˡ
һƬɳĮϣԽԽ˳֣ÿһռһλá
ԷһɣǾռݵλãȻΧЩţõţֱռĵλãӥźڶΧλãЩõ߰˸ռݡ
һ㣬ҲǿΪĵ
磬Ѿ˼ʮţڵҲˡ
ǶǶһš
ؾҲһ֮Ľ
޽ڵˣ
ʱо
ֻһֻӥأʮӰÿһӰı󣬶һ޽
޽ڡԺ;޽ڵԨԴνڣǺҰ½ϣһ⣬ǰ鷳ԳԶԾ޽ûʲôøУɷϾ޽ڵǿһ֮УܹǰеĴڡ
һ㣬ڳˣ޷Ӿ޽ڡ
޽ھȻþŸһǿڡ
һ֮УҲֻо޽оŸҪ֪ϼźͽҲֻоŸڶǶš
ǰ޽ڵʵѾܹͶűˡ
޽һ֣˵ۡ
Ըо޽۳һƬע
ŵĵߵһԽУǣҰǣǰľ޽ڵҲˣΧŵӣȻ飬ĿȴһĮӵɫĲţÿһۡ


615 
ߣǾ޽ʲô˲𡣡
ͻȻĳŵһ˵

ճһӴӾ޽ھб
䣡
һâն£ֱǽ˳ȥڴڵѪۿͻˡ
ʵҲҽؾֱѰ·˽ɡһ޽ڵĿ𺣬ޱ˵˫һӣâ֯롣
˻
˶ʱһĿɿڴĿ޽ڵӡ
޽ڵӶΧŵӵĿ޶ã³֡
ɶҪɱ㡣ȥڵŵӴŭҪɱ޽ڵӡ
ס֣ŴӵֻһʦҪȥֹ޽ڵһۣҧ˵£
ϡŭӾ޽ڵӣҪɱ
£˵Ļ𣿡ŵһܵ˵
ǡһʵ¡
ߣһȺ޽ڵһҡڵĵشȥû˸ֹ
ɫѿ˼㣬ȴӲһ仰û˵
޽ڵİԵһŵӵ
̫Եˣ
޽ȴһӦӣӵĳҲһ߸ϵģΪһʦǿߣŴǿö࣬˵ǸŵϸҳֵĻɱ䡣
΢΢üûж˵һٴ̵˾޽ڵİԵ£޽ڵĵӷϣɱˡ
ѺȻ֮ӣǵһμ˰Եĳ棬ɫѿ
סϷ֮ǰ˵ĻʵҪ£ܻ߳ص˵
ǣѺ˹
ͷ˳һۣûж˵֪ԵʵԶеǿֻҪЩŵŵӣɹϣǺܴġ
ҹ٣Ұ
ܿ죬һ͹ȥˡ
ʱǲؾʱ䡣
ĵشţ޴֪ϾŴڶĩפΧֻţʸפλá
Ҳؾĵط
ȻһźͶŵȽؾʸ
ڶ죬ܿ쵽
޼ɳĮһƬţûһоһֻûС
ʱһʱԶͻȻ
Խ·Դʯ˵Ŀ⡣
Ҳڵһʱ̧ͷգһֻ޴İɫվʮӰ
ڵ޷׵񡣡ϳһֻ
ڵˣÿһβؾڶ
Ǻǣ˭˼Ƕݵһأ
ǰڿǴϹŵĴڣݴڵ֮Ϊϵ֮һҲֻЩŲſԱ⡣
׵˵ע⣬һۡ
ڣ
ԣǳһû뵽ŵıڵڲŵ϶һŷ׵񣬾һֱž޲ڼֻ׵϶¶һĨƵ㺡
ס׵ϣϣһƮƮĳǰڷɹԵϿյʱ򣬰ע⵽Ŀɨˣһ˵û뵽һžȻȲεš
ţϣǸһǧǰųϣǻҰ֮ؽ𣿡һɻ˵һع鱾ڣϧһǧδһµҪ󡣡
ϵͷ˵һŵӶǲţҲһλлع鱾ڰɡ
ϣôܣһǧȥˣҲûŻع鱾ڣʮǰһضûͨһβ⣬Ҳ顣һҡͷ˵
Ҳɡ˵
ʮڵϵ˵ۣһмڣţʵ˼㣬Ŷ㲻ϣǵһŷ⿪ӦŵĵܹأͿɻع鱾ڵĻʲôǡ
ԣʮڵӿ򳽻˵Ŀ⣬ĲмеӸ¶
ߣ
ˣѺ͵¶˶һ
ɡһϼæֹ
ѾˣһӺȻ۳ǿ־ˡ
һ̣˶ǿɵһڵӡ

ڵһӴ־޵һϯˡ

´һһԾ
¡
һǿĵ־ԴǺµ־ϡ
ڵֱǲҽһһѪ
ʲôɫһ䣬Ҳû뵽¶һĨ죬Ҫ֪ʮ֮ʵģҲӵ޽ӽ޵оŽ׵ʦֵʵԭΪֱ֣Ӵܳˣû뵽ȴǴһ
ɶ񣬿ҵģһڵӴŭ
ס֡ʱ߳
ˣֻ¡
Ͽ˵һۣͷ˵ܾûмõĵˡ
Ϲˡվһƽ˵
㻹ӡϷ·ˣЦǺǵ˵ϣһܹȱԸ
ġ
ڼϴһӣ׵ĵشȥ
ϡѺ
ؾϾҪˣ׼һ°ɡ˵
ǣѺһۣӦ
һʱȥ
¡¡
ͻȻĵش¡ϿգռŤӿϿջۣһʥϢڿ֮һ߰ɣʮɵľ޴ų֣һУããһƬ


616 սż
ؾ
죡
Ȼ˴ֻĵشŵһը˹Ƶȥ
ؾ˵ܹõ컯Լˡ˫ۿأâ¶һӣ˵ȥɣ
һۣűȥ
̾ĵشŵӣųֵ˲䣬ٶȽС
˽ŵʱѾһˡ

ŵɲǣֻһ޿ɿܵԼϣǰռһģ
·𾭹˼һ㣬ǸоԼһƬϣǸоһɼǿɱ֮ܣʱһֻǰȻһƬ֪ģСսŵأǲбϼס
򵶡򽣡ǹꪸ꣬һǲȱǲڵϣ󲿷ֲбմѪȻѾɿʣɢϢľ
Իܣбֱ޷
Щб֮䣬¶һЩ׹ǣɭɭ˺¡
дѪµĳÿѪϢ
һǰУһ߹۲죬ԽԽľϵĲбƷܸߣ󲿷ֶƷȻѾ𣬵ǴвϢȻǰ˵ʵ
һЩƷϽսǴɱ֮
¶ϧΪÿһսѾ޷ʹá
﷢һս˵ӲбµĹǺͿԿЩǰʵʦΪԻʮߴʦǺимߵʦֵĹǺʵľ
﾿ʲô
޴ӵ֪ûǴеĿأѰҿԴƷ
֮ĵƣʩչռԵľ֮ĪܣľҲֻǽ㹻ʩչζѣҲûʩչξ֮
ΪһʩչڶΣľͻ˥ɱֻ֣
ңԾ֮սҪʱ򣬳ǲʩչģϻýؾ֮Ҳҵܹ澫Ʒ;Ҫõһ
⣬˽йزؾĴź󣬳ҲǾ̽һ̽
ң̴ǰԾûҵ޸ĲϣҲ˻ᣬҵ޸̵ĲϣϾ̿Ϲ֮ǿޱȣܹڹؼʱ̾ԼĶȻǸעˡ
ԲδѰңΪؾΣأûȫ˽󣬻ǾҪһЩ
Ʒͽ
ǰһʱ䣬ԹԼߵսַλãϲбĲϢƴ󣬼ƷϽױɢڵϵĹǺҲɢʦеϢԷһʦǿߵĹǺ
ʦǿ߲кϣһۣմѪɢƷеϢױԺԡ
ƷͽȻڳ˵Ǻ󣬵ȴ͸ˡ
ĻóȥۣҲԵõһʲƵջ
һƷͽףԵܹһƷʯСҲ⣬Ҳһʾ޴ջ񣬶ƷƷ֮Ĳ̫󣬾ͬʦʦ֮Ĳ࣬һ˵Ҳֻʦǿ߲ʹƷ
ԣ㳽Բȥ͸ˣҲܸ˵ġ
գԾҪڹ봢
ৣ
ʱһԲԶ֮һСӣ⽻ĴͿԹˡ
ҲأԿҲһۣһӣǽӦѡ
Ȼ󳽻Խڹս˴תˣһµ꣬Ž׵ʦһһ˫۾飬һųԣ˵Сӣն˫ۻü֮ء
ԾǰһȫʬԵĵ
һӣĽ򳽻ԣ˻Сӣ
ߣһ̤һӣݺᣬµĽնϣ˸ֻܼһӰƽꡣ
ʲô걾һӣû뵽Եʵ֮ǿȻһƽԼĹɴŭСӣˡ
ԣкâһ䵽ȴûɵһһӽŵ͸飬ɫһ䣬ҧ˵ɶСӣ˵գ裬ɫ룬ܲǰռ䣬֯һ𣬾ͬһһ㣬ҪԽɱڽ¡
ǡ
齣һնɫ˲߽⣬ٶ䵽ϡ
ħŵӣ㲻ɱҡͫǾ˻ߵĺ
ۣ
Ѿˣ̰ģҪɱԣѡûпͲ³£ֱӱ룬䵽Уԥȡ£ûпһۣսС
ħŵӵݣû⡣
ħţǶݵĶţʵŸ߳һΡ
Բ壬ǲؾ˱ɱҲ֪ɱġ
οҲûкµɣһħŵĻҲûбҪؾҪ־ֻܹħŵ·Լ
ܣʮ﷽ԲһˣԾӦҲǱ͵ģϾؾ֪㣬ͬʱ˵ĻʻǺСġ
գԼǰС
ȻֵõƷͽ
ʱȥ߳ƬսżоȣٶҲ˰ǲ֪Ƭսżж󣬶ҲõƷҲǸڴջˡ
һ·Ǻб洦ɼԽߣǺͲбɢϢԽ


617 ҹ
һƬ֣һɽ˳ǰֻЩɽ⵽صĻ𣬸ߴɵɽ徹ǱӲȥһ룬еı룬ɵѷͬԨһ㣬дĽϿջص
ԿʱΣҲǸ߽ʦǿ֮սɵġ
ɽ䣬Ǻ٣ÿһ߶ǿ
УԸоŨȷǳߣ滹Ҫ߳һϣĻֱ°빦
ҩݣ
ȻԸоһɲǰֻһɽвȻһҩݡ
Ȼǧ󣬵ҲټҪ½ŨȱϹʱ򽵵˲ֹھǧҲѼľ棬ԼҩݣҲǻʦǿ߶ݡ
̽սС
˵ĲؾȻΣأ࣬㶼ܹջһҩݣŵ棬ֱҲѹ洫֪ΣգҲҪһ
ؾνΣպͻ档
󣬳ֵõ߰˰ҩݣȻҲһЩģҲûзŹΪؾɾһλᣬл᲻ŹˣԼȡˣȻҩ͵ҩЧô󣬵øóҩȴǿԡ
ԣƬɽ֮ݣչεһɶֱǱزۡ
һʱȥ߳һƬɽ壬ջķᡣ
ǰߵɽ壬·һ򿪵ʯš
ʯϷд֣԰
ϻô˳ԹϹֵ֪ʶԻʶ֣ˣӸоǸŨҵҲҪȥ
ৣৣ
ڳԿҪٽʯŵʱͻȻһһֱ¡
ͷ¶β֮ͽҳ
ɫһ˫ֻӶͽƽ⣬дһ˫޽ֱʯߵʯ֮С
أأ
죬ʯɣֻӰϿ£ͬʱӿµĵͽ򳽻ԡ
Сӣû뵽㷢ˣȻˣɣһɱ˵
Ҫˡ˵
ûж룬ΪǿֻһͨľŽ׵ʦֶѣʵǿҲŽ׵ʦֵĶ֡

һȣڿն˫޽һʹ䴩
ʲô
һâ¶ʧɫû뵽˿ԥͷߣڵ˼㣬ֱ·磬Ǹܲˡ
ۡһ˽Ǳɱ
˵Ĵʯš
һƬΪ԰˳ǰʮССҩԡ
ֵֻѾ˲ժУҲֻһЩʮҩݶѣԳֵȼ߸ûжô
ŵɱ˶ᱦ֪Ѿ˵ʶͷųȥ̽
һйâһٶȼӿ죬԰ȥ
԰һۣݵꡣ
࣬вٵҩԣֻЩҩԵĹģ󣬼ֻаɴСӣֵȴޱȡ
ݣ
ݣ
֥

ЩҩԵ·ݵ֡
ÿһֶ½亱ݣѾ˼һ˵÷
ȻЩ֣ȴûһˣɫ
Ϊҩڣȴûһݣյģǲ֮⣬ʲôûС
ȻҩֵѾչһˡ
ȻϾҩԻкܶ࣬˵һдݡ
ҩȥ
ҹݣ
ںһʧʱ򣬲ԶȻһ
ҹݣ϶ʱ¶һĨƵ˷ܣһͬһԴ֮ȥ
ǰŵΧһҩԣȻһɫڣһĻꡣ
ܣȻҹݡһ̾˵ҹݣѾ߷µĻ꣬ӵгӦоĪô
˵ţϸ鿴һҹݣ˵ӲһǧҩӣֵĻһԺ°빦
˵üǡһһ˷ܵ˵
ˡͻȻɫһ䡣
ֻһӰ˸꣬˵ҹҵģ̹
ħӣܴʧɫҪ֪ħŶӣӵ޵оŽ׵ʦʵĺȻʹǶŽ׵ʦ䵽ϣû
ܣߡ
һҧȻȣһѽҹץϣֻӶȡһ𴸣ͨɫųѤõĽԣͬһֽһ㣬ವһӴȥ
֮ҲҺԣ
Ӵһץڹͬĺˮһӿû𴸣𴸻˳ȥ˴ϣʱһѪ˳ȥ
硣
ܴ𣬻ӳһӡ

ĺһץ䵽ԴϣָĴͷ­Ѫ
ܡ
ڴڵĿȳѪŵܵܵʬ壬۾Ѫ죬ɢϢ˻ɱҵܵܣҲõҹݡ˵գҪҹݡ
֪Ķһߣɭÿ£˫־ڣͬһ˺ҧ硣
ۡ
类ЮѪĽ˺ֻۣʣ°ˡ

ӴһץҪҹݶ
룡
һɫͬھ˼Ҫҹݻٵ


618 ô
ҹݸңɱ
ʱһڴ
ã
ɫãһӣֱǽҹ˳ȥ
ৣ
ǸͻȻһӰҹץС
Сӣ˭û뵽Ȼ˳˵ģȴͨŽ׵ʦҲЩһŵĵӺתĿǰʵ
ǳԣҹ˵ģ֪ǿЧźǰɵӽס
ӣѾɱһħŵӣҲٶɱһӵĻĵûʸ֪
ħŶӣҸô˵ֱǻòˣҸһλᣬ̽Ҿɱ㡣Ŀһ˵˵գȳԻػͳץȥ
Ա߿šԶŵ˵
˵꣬ӣ¶⣬ſ齣ɱӡ
أ
ЦԼֱǲһȻһץ䵽ϵʱȴԼȻ޷ѹȥֺʱʧôܣ
ûʲôܡ
Цһ齣бն£۳ɹţءһըӱ˳ȥ
һȻԴ飡
ʲô󾪣û뵽ԾȻܹӿ⣬˿·磬ӦԼҪ󣬲ɿЦӣվڡ
ҵڣҾɱ㡣Ŀɭץˡ
ÿԺһצ£һӳ׹Ⲩ⣬ռи룬צϣ·ӵ֣֣ǽһ㣬һ޴졣
֪ӵĶ֣˿
ħƣ
Ӵһ˫ɱӿ֣˫趯ӿһƣռһ𣬿µƾ˳һ򳽻ԡ
һаɣ
Կӣ
޵оŽ׵ʦʵպÿհν
հν
գԴһӣȻȻڿն𣬷·һһֻһӣһ貹âһţϡ
ͣ
һѪֱǰ˳ȥ
ʲô
ӿǰĽۣɫѿ˼㣬ĿĿųԣ˵Сӣ㵽˭ԵģУԺȴûгˣȴһԼܹˣԲ֮
ⶼΪ԰ûпŵ¼򲻻᲻֪ԡ
ճԶĩţҲ֪ħŶӣʵǿÿ£û뵽ǰͻȻֵ꣬ȻһʹʵǳԤϣӳ̶Գ˵λֵܣסǵĽס
ġԵͷӣ˵˭ҪҪǽ
ƾҲɱңǺεݣҳħһţЩ⣬ŵĵڹ˳⻰ŭ죬˵СӣʲôҪţҪ
հν
ɫһûжԲ͹춼أͷˣввţɱ֣ٴʩչհν
͡
ٴε˳ȥǰһۣѪʡ
һ裬Կǰİ׹ǡ
ʹĲҽУޱȡ
ȴӷ񣬾ǲѸ𣺡ᣡ
¡
Ѫͬʱӿ⣬γһãצץ򳽻ԡ
粻飡
ޱ飬һһţûУһĲҽ
ۣѪٴα˳ȥ˼㣬ֱţԵʵ˿£ԼȻûһ㷴Ҫ֪޵оŽ׵ʦ֣һֻôʮ˿ѹֶһ
˭
оҪܡ
ܣ
Цơ
Ҹƴˣ
ӼӲˣһʣͨѪĿųԣ˻󷨣
¡
˫֣϶͵֣ɼǿѳǰһɼǿӿֶ򳽻ֶȥһɿµ̺Уһ𣬼ֱǿֲ˼
ӵɱУħţֻħ˫ֵܹ
ɱˣ
һ㣬ƿͿԿһˡ
ԣž㲻ɱԣҲ
ʵҲˣ󷨵ǳҲҪСĵֵ˶Ըľ飬Ӧֱˮռӿ֣Էָԭ󷨵ֳ顣
䡪
˲䣬ѱ
ۣ
ӻûüȣһѪһ㵹˳ȥ
ৣ
û飬ֱӾһ¡

Ӿڽؾˡ
ۣ
Ѿˣؾһ̿ʼѾעҪϳԣϣ룬Ѫԡ
ৣ
Դһץ䴢ȡתɵӡ
㣬ģħģԲὫ֮˵ȥŵ˵̷꣬ħԣսľĿųԡ
߰ɡԵ
лûͣһ̣ʱҪ죬ʵǳԵʵŻһӶɱĺݽɫ˿ỳɣ˳ԣԻɱԼνĽףǿʳ˵ֱһʱ˺İֽ


619 ɱ
ջĿ⣬ԲûдɱԷ
ȻһĴˣȷʵûǵ
ħӣһѾɱһħŵӣɱһҲɱɱҲɱɱһΪɲỳɣһԼɱħŵӵϢȥŴѡ
ҹݶ˵ʵ̫ҪܹݣǧѼŵȥԿһƬȷѪꡣ
۲ΧԷ԰ίʵе˵Ҳǧ﷽ԲҲ޷̽ȫ
ԣҹݣȻٺú̽԰
˼ĵطȥ԰صɽ¿ٳһʯǱ룬ʯգʼ׼ҹݡ
ָ۷״̬ԼھͳԵҹݡ
¡
ඥһ㣬ԳԵҹһᣬ͸оԺһӵȻǿ˲١
ǣϽҹݵҩЧȫ
ϾǧѷĻᣬҲһֻһλᡣ
ʱоԼֹһͷųȥΧ̽ӵķΧ˰
Դһû뵽ҹݵҩЧǿ󣬼ֱݡ
ʱѾٷʦǿˡ
õóԸоûаؾһˣҲڴڲؾջˡ
ǿһôǶѧӴˡ
ͬʩչҲǰҪʮ֮һʱ䣬ȴֻҪ֮ʱˣԼһ룬Ľӵңֱ޷
ȷһͣһʱʮΣȴʮΣһȽϣС
ԣκһ߶ϣǿ
ֻ½ܹǿʵ̫ˣӲҪҹֻ֣˳ԣҹݣΪʳΪ
ǿóĴ
ţʩչ֮󣬼Ƕʦһս
俪ڣԳ԰
Ǳصشûûע⵽Եĳ֣Ҳûͣ԰ȥ
Ȼ԰ѾķϣûݴڣһЩӣǧĹ⾰ϵǺһЩݵģҹݱõӣΪؾϹż˵꣬ҹҲֻнǧҩˡ
ȻҹݵĻǺСģֵܹɲ˵
˴һʱ䣬Ҳûһǧݡ
;ҲżȻŵĵӣȴûʲôͻ
֪԰
ŨȻǿһЩݵĻҲ˲٣ʧˣΪܶݺۼҩԣѾ˲ժˡ
ʣȻժʱ䲻
ˣԵȻòȥԼȴѾ˸ժˣֱû˵
Ҳ˵԰ݲ١
գԼӿٶȣ԰ȥ
أ
ǰأǰȻ˴
ĿһȫϢǱȥʦǿ뷢ѡ
꣬ͼ֮⣬սһţǾŽ׵ʦΪʵǿˣм޾Ž׵ʦʵҲжŽ׵ʦʵȻֱɵĵӣʵǺǿ
ȷֵģǸǿ
ߣݣʵߵ֮ٷϻݡ
룡
ĶԻȻ
ݣ
һּ亱ĻݣѧߵõǿǿԻĸҲһǧǺܶѧݣֻݺҹһ㣬ѾѼǳ֣Ҳ޼ۡ
ݡĿһľǻѧԺͷѧԻݶҲŲСĺô
ԾǷӦ֮
ȻЩΪ˲ܣõķԵõݣƽ׵õŽ׵ʦֵĲƸ
ɱӼˣԿǵõһʲƸ;׬ȡĻ֪Ҫꡣ
ԣҲǳɱ˶ᱦͷ
޹ֺôϲֹ
ҲǰΪɲұ֤ᱻ֣޾Ž׵ʦŽ׵ʦʵǿҲֵסõķǵ˫ֳʤٳȥ
գԾ
䡭
ǰըڶӰò£ʱǺѷֳʤġ
ʲôˣ
ͻȻ˷ֿһ˴ȣ
ԣɫһ䣬ָ̻
ৣ
ֻ˴һӹ䣬ʱͳǰ
˾ΣɢĻ
ţ
ɫһ䡣
Ŀһû뵽˾Ȼǻŵӡ
һţʵǿܹڡ޽ڿĴڣȻҲѹʧ̬ҪǣƣԶˡ
ʲôһʵ漴;Լ׳գ˶óҪʲô
Ҳ뵽һ㣬ɫЩѿΪȻֻˣ˶޵оŽ׵ʦһҲǼ޾Ž׵ʦʵǶ֡
ҶԸѻݽǣŅ֣̀һɡһһۣһε˵
һԸ⽻õݡҲֻЭΪǲ˵Ҫġ
ߣɱǣҲǵġһЦ֮͵·ķðɡ
һ֣
ɫһףһۣ֣Ȼĩţܹнճɾͣдˣλ׸


620 ɱ
ɱ
˻һ԰ɱȥ
ˣһɫһ䡣
֣ԼɾҪ޵оŽ׵ʦⲻǶ֣Ƿڻδ¶֮ǰȥ
ӵʵȻǲСɱƺƴ˲ѹˡ

ҽֻʵһ˱ŵ룬ɫ䣬һء
ɣ
ŵӽΧס¶èϷ飬һ˸Ц浶еһˡ
ۣ
ʵ̫ˣһѪ˳ȥ
ӣ
˷ص̬ƱƣɫҰףĻһսֱȥ
ӵ𣿡
ŵһЦֱ׷ȥŵӣһ޵оŽ׵ʦһŽ׵ʦ

˴Ҫߣ޵оŽ׵ʦŵɱȻһߵʬǰĻץȥ
һ꣬һ꣬ߵһꡣ
ûᣡ
ˣ֪õĻᣬû˿ԥǿһ
⣡
һԾ齣£һִˮͰƵ纣ˣΡɽһ޵оŽ׵ʦ
ʦСģ
󷽣ǻŵڵһʱ쵽ǻϢ⡣
ʲô
ָոݣŵӾɫ䣬ΪҲڵһʱо⣬һû뵽ȻԼҪǣԼ˾Ȼûз֣Ǻεʵδüͷͱûĺ
ۣ
ĺɡ
ৣ
ֶսĴҲûзŹ
ʲôˣһŵӴʧɫͷ˼㣬ʦֿ޵оŽ׵ʦʵԷһûеֵסֱǲš
ɱˡ˵
λʦ־ŵ˻
һ̣ȻֹԵ齣롣
СӣɱһŵӣˡŵɱˣæһɱĿųԡ
仰Ҳ͸㣡Ŀ䵽˾һϣڵһȥʩչǷ׽⣬纣޷ܣŵʧɫܣ
ڷ׽⣬ȴɱһ޵оŽ׵ʦ׽͸˵ˣŵӸֵסͱɵһɶ
ܣһĻŵӽܸգһĻʧɫͣסΣĿ⾪ĿųԣȷǾŽ׵ʦ𾪵˼㣬ͬ޵оŽ׵ʦôһɱԷҪ֪ھŽ׵ʦΣ޵оŽ׵ʦʦ֮µһˡ
޵оŽ׵ʦ߶ԾƽֶѣҲֻһѹһ񳽻һɱͬʵĶֱ֣δţҲ˵޵оŽ׵ʦ޵еɣڳϴơ
ûж룬ܸյͷܣʩչ٣԰
ѧѧٶͬһ磬쵽˼㣬ԵٶȻҲܿ죬Ϊԭ֮һξңҪ׷Ͼ͸ˡ
ԣͣ˽Ųȿ԰
һŵӣûзϡ
Ѿ俿԰ĵشˣһЩݵֳû˵ϹʱеݣѾ
õ˻ݣȻҲϣܹҵкôݡ
ȻⲢס
ݶǿġ
һʱ󣬳߱԰һջ񣬲Լõҹݣõ˼亱ĻݣݣҲɸоԼЩ̰ġ
ǣ뿪԰
߳԰ԽƬȺɽ֮Уݡ
ͬʱؾڷɱ¾
ϹؾûкҹͰ֣֮Ψһľǣ죬ؾҹâһЩҲ֡
ɱ¾ʱ޿̲ڽС
һ·԰оû׷󣬲ͣĨȥͷĺˮͷһ£漴һŭ˾˭Ŀ˸˵Ӧ֮ǡ
˵꣬ճʣԺûгһ۾ٿȻһһĴһ䵽УȻǶŵ¼
ᣬҲûгԵϢ
ڣһҳ˫ͫ׶ʱݽҧò˿˵ųԣ
ôҲû뵽ɱԼʦ֣һʦܣԼĶӵˣȻֻһĩŵĵӡ
ҲֲΪһţעҲֻһźͶŵ洫ӣԼĩţû˵ȻҲעССĺӣһܵÿĻͶ
ãһЦҲҺһԣԣһҪ㸶ۣŵˣҲҪһһɱ

ȻƷ
˭ȵĿ⿴Զ֡
ֻһ߳мǿȻ
գһƽĵڳϳһЩɱ
˭ɫһ࣬¶ɱ⡣
ҽŵˡ
ŵˣܺãȻͳʦֵܣҾɱ㣬յϢɡɱ˵¡¡ɢǿƣɽҵѹȥ
ÿɱ𣿡ĵ˵䣬һǿƥɢѹǿ˲Ϣ߽⣬һУʮֵƽ˵룬ǿ̸һ̸˰ɡ


621 ŵʵ
ʲô˼ȻѾµЩȡ
㲻ɱǿԺЦ˵
˼һЦ˵ȻˣǾҸطú̸̸ɣֻǶ˿ɶԸ
ȻֶҿģԲͨ޵оŽ׵ʦԵͷ˵
ܿ죬һ뿪
ؾ
û֪ж˵һϹַ಻ɽӿĺïܵɭ֣˵һС磬ŵΣգ֪һ̤룬ֻ·һ
жĪĻԵνΣպͻ档
ɵҲҿֱ·ĳɽ֮䣬꣬Ȼڵӣһ·ɱһŵӣм˵
ʦ˵ǣЩܹʦᲢۣؾ𣿡һ˵֪ǰ˿ڴ֮һӣȻֻڵλʵȴӹɵġ
ʵǿᣬһָ۰Զݣݵһ֮λ
Ÿǽ߲ɽϣƵɽ壬洫Ҳÿһ洫ӿɷֵһΪ
ɽΪŨֱǳ塢Ʒ塢η塢ɽ塢ӷ塢ɲ塢塣
ɽ屻ʵǿ洫ռݣˣΪӡ
Ҫ֪洫򣬶ܹ洫ӱеλãʵˡ
˵ԪԵ־ܵ꣬Ԫ˶٣˵ϧûǼˣһҪúýѵһٲɡ
ߣһ˿ɫ˵ȻǱڷΣʵ繷ǰţֱɱˡ
ʦ˵ǣڵӶѣɱ˾ɱˡԪ˵
һڵ࣬Ҳͷ˵ʦ֣ҿǼʵܹΪȴҲ
ţеԣ۾һͷȻ˵ãģǣԸΪЧһ
ʦ֡ԪӾȻͬ⣬æ˵
ˣôӵĿԪһۣ˵
ȻԿԴ󣬵۹⻹еģ˵ˣ˵Ե־Ԫĵ¾һߣɾ;ԲܹͣΪõĻȫԼݣõ½ڣΪ֮ˣ˵ÿ԰Լ֮λͬĽ顣
շµˣǺĵģȻ־ԪԼҲ־ǿʵҲǿŲڷڣĩʵµ˾ţŵܹǿ
ԣԼʵһһϵеĺô˻ԹԵĳԼ
գϲ¶ɡ
ǣ߶ʱͷһǰ֮һӡ
Ȼʵ洫ھţȴԶԶӵĶ֣֮Ϊĺˣвпɱˣ⼸ʬõֻ֤ǵӵ·ѣͱɱˡ
ԭھŵʵȫԸˣκ˺ӲͬǶûǸᣬԲ򲻵ѡӡ
Ҳˣʮպûʮеһ֪ؾΣգԼȻ޵оŽ׵ʦʵӵ˻һβСĲ࣬νؾԪһѡӡ
һ㣬ֻѰӻˡ
֪һ£һ£ϻǺ˵̬ȡ
һˣŲܾȥ

ߣ޵оŽ׵ʦҲҽɱħ˫ӣֱ·һƬ֮أħŴħ˫һϮֳִۣ󵶣ħ죬ֱϹħǰѪеˣ˵ɱǣ˻Ϊħ˫ʴȵˡ
Ҫ޵оŽ׵ʦ˵ڵ˼㣬ԭǶΪƾ޵оŽ׵ʦʵɵɱħ˫ӣû뵽ħ˫ӵʵֱǿÿ£˺Ķ֡
ħ˫ӴһһʮɵûѪ
ħ˫һܾ

Ǹ޽ڵ纮˵
ǰ޾Ž׵ʦ֣ˡ
磬޼ڵӣ㲻ɱǡһ꾪˵
޼ʦֻǱġһɫڲ˵
Ǿý޼ҺˡЦ˵굥һӣ޽£ǰ룬Ѫ䵽ԱϣӶڲһµ˵磬㲻Ҫɱң֪˭ɱ˺Ұ
˭ԣжȻʵһɱ⣬䵽ϡ
ԣųԡʱֻȫ䣬û˿ķ
ԣҪɱ㡣˵ųԵ֣Ȼ𣬾޽ٴλ£˻𣬡ϧɱ롣
Ҳʬһۣһ㴩ʯ·ǰȻһƬˮгϡϡĹľԣڣоȻ˵ʬǣһЩѵıϿգɭϢڿơ
һۣûһӰޱ䵽һŹľϡ
ۣ
ǵˮȻˮƣһءһƬˮȴʲôûС
Ҷˡ޽˵
Ŀڹľƶ
أ
ͻȻһը죬ֻһ޴ĺɫβͳⲻ֪Ǻ޵βͣڷȻƬ鶯ͬһ󱳣Ƭҷ磬󶼷ˡ


622 ޳·

ɫһ޽Խг䵽Уڵһǳľβ
˻ӶһʱǰƽҲһֻ޴ͷ֣СݴСſѪڳԴҧ£ҪԴҧ
ʲôɫ䣬æһ䣬޽趯ΪķȥܼȺӿһ㡣
ڳˡھ˲䣬һЦȻ⴫ֻһ콣⼤͡һûǾڣѪͬСϪһʣʹľ˻
£翴ˣһ
磬Ҷìܣվ֮ͬ꣬վһɱɡǾ޽ϯ洫ӣʵ֮ϣֳһ޽ݣǳ˵
ãҲ˾Ĵͷͬ⣬ͽϹ
Ȼǻۣͽһˣ£֣֪Ƕ֣£гԹֻ֮һ·ȥ
Ҫˡ
һ޽۳նһǰһʮɳط·һ̷ֳ룬䵽ϣƬѪ
أ
ȻýѣʩչУ޽£Ƶͬһն˾ߴ֮
໡
ҽУƴܡ

ٴһն˾ͷ­Ѫͬˮһ
һ޽磬˵û뵽Ҳе죬ʲôûУִһЩ֮
Ҳָо
µͷʵûȤһͬ̽̽󣿡
ˣϰһˡҡͷ˵Ҳǡ
Ǻáµ
ˣ֪ҰǱ˭ɱˡͻȻ˵
˭ƶ͵ͣ£磬һĨɱ
ųԡһӣƮ˵Ļ񡣡
֪ˣɱҾ޽ڵӣᣬ˵˵꣬
ˣûͬһѡһ
Ƕ뿪ʱ󣬳ԳΪҲƬĲ֮ͬ
ľʬ壬â˵Ǿ޽ڵΪȻѾˣдĽȴԸоõ⽣ɱĺҰ֮ͬ
ˣ㲻ĻҲɱ޽ڵӡüͷһ壬ܿɿ˵
󣬳ѡ˺ͽ¡˲ͬķ̽ǰƬ
Ǻ£ǲ鷳
ޱ޼ʣͬ԰һĴ
ԵӰڹľ֡
Ǳ޽ڵɱľ֪ƬǿôƽصΣգԼҲ޴֪
ԣԿƺڹľƶʵ۲ΧһС
ࣣ
ǰֻľ࣬ҲǼΪ㣬ڵƽðˮݣźɫ塣

׺ڵĻжԳ̳֣ʴ
ৣ
ѵˮһ㣬䵽һŹľϡ
¡¡
ͻȻ𶯣ľȻԶ³
ã
ɫһ䣬ͷһֻһɫѳǰֵǣЩˮȴ޷ֺ档
Ȼþ棬Ȼӳ齣ֵȥǺɫѣ˭ֵ֪ԽԽ󣬾Ȼʵ޷ֵͷ·һǿԼһ
ǰһڣΧ龰䣬ԼȻһ棬˺ɫʯ壬ǺɫǽڣǽȾ͵ƣٻɫĹâ
ʯﾲĵģһûС
Բͷһ֪ǰʲôط
ʶţ϶ʱ¶һĨɫʶȻֻ̽ӲףҪ֪ʦʶҪ֪ԲﶼȻ֮أȻֻ֪֮ڵе޷ݡ
Ҫҵȥ·Ȼ˼ǰ֮⣬Ȼ޳·
ȻˣҾͿ⵽ʲôطйâ˸˵
գ˳ʯǰС
һ·̣ûһΣա
ԽԽǽ
ǰףȻʯһྐྵȻʯš
ˣ۾һƿʯţĿһɨ̷һʯңʯ澹Ȼźüѧ伮
Ʒͽѧһѧ
û˿ԥԽƷͽѧսĿٴһɨȴûƷˡ
õƷͽѧҲջķᡣ
߳ʯңԾӦûʯңһ߹۲ʯڵĻһ߲鿴ǷʯңȻϣǰвַһʯң澹ȻʯĿ٣жʮ֮࣬ȫս
ٴʯȥʱַһʯҡ
ˣ
ԷʯžȻѾ򿪣оһɲϢĿ͸ʯţ̼һ޽Ȼ꣬Ȼ磡
ʯ棬мƷƷϼѣпƷн
ʲôˣ
Ҳо˳ԵϢսһȣһ

һȴ̺̻ӳ齣ֵ
ԣ翴ԵģǳһϾ¶Цݣ˵·㲻ߣ㴳ɱҰʦܣվ͸ɣ˵գ޽Ȼ£ͬһ޴硣
޽ڵҲֹɱһˣҾٶɱһû뵽ǲɱ˾޽ڵӣҶԷ֪Լɱ˺ҰҲûʲôɺµģɱ磬ʽһ䣬Դ޽


623 ɱ
̺Ľ飬߱κԣͷ·ıԴʩչƮͬˮһ飬ûκɱȴ̺粻Ҵ⣬ʩչеֵЦ£ѹܹɱҰʦܣ͵ͷˣɣ
˭һҲǷݣҪɱ磬Ƶսһš
ɳ
Ǿ޽洫ӣʵڵλȻڵһ˽£ʵȴӹɵģοԼǷ壬ܹ츳ߣԷŵƿأʩչĽҲǷԽ
˷Խ⣬ѧҽԺ˳ͣԴ˽Сɳ
ɱУһԽԱģǿ¡

£죬мǿĻɳУƾͬŽһ㣬ž죬ȥķɳǽϣӿݡ
Լ˶ɫһ䣬Ҫ֪ǽڿϹžʹڵģӲ̶ȿ֪ٷƷˣҲһзɳãһĨɱ޾Ž׵ʦ֡
޹ֺշųԣҪڽɱԡ
֮ҶԻƿѾȷ硢֮Ѿͻгɣһ£Ƿɳһʱ䣬ʯǻ⣬ͬһһ㡣
ȴһЦٴʩչͬķɳȲͷ·Ҫոһ
͡
ɳʯͬˮһӿ򳽻ԡ
磡
ȻǷ壬ԷĿˮԶԷĿҲԲ֮⣬˼飬齣£쫷磬
¡
벻ǣ֮ǿޱȣֱǽɳ
ʲô
ɫ䣬վǳˣʵսḻ쳣ȻҷźɱԣȻģһתһ죬Хͬһ˺ѳȥ֮࣬Ҳѹˡ
һΣֵɫ䣬֪Լ͹ʵ
ͨ޵оŽ׵ʦʵĻѾ֮ɱˡ
еľȸʤû뵽ԵʵԼɱжԵֵҪ֪ܹɱͬΪĶֵɱС
ʵһССɾȻ
ãҳ԰ʸ񣬵һжΪֹˡ
һĩŵӾȻλ޽ڵ洫Ӵƽ֣˵ȥûţоͷŭѣʩչƣһɱԡ
׽⣡
˭֪ȷѣʩչǿ⡣
һԵĽѾܹɱͨ޵оŽ׵ʦ֣Խںϣֱǲ󣬷Хʯռ䣬иһռ䣬ϢֱĲ
籩ɱ
˲䣬ӿ񱩵ķǰռХһ㣬һһͬ籩һתмǿɱһǿķռ䣬ʯ·𶯡
ĵƣһɱУǿԺ͵¶ԾĽ
ڴǰϣȻܸ˵£ȴҲˣɴ˿һ
ԣţһֵܹסһеˣԲʮˡ
ԾԲڴУ
ҲΪʲô˵վǳɥ֮ɫԭ
ء
׽ԴϯȥȻ˲䱻籩ɱЯһƬɱ¾򳽻ԡ
ɣ
ϴһĨ԰֮ɫϾʩչһǼģȴǷ׹¶·Ѿһˡ

籩ɱϯ棬ǽڶĽۡ
հν
αˣ齣ջأγһˮ
Ȼ򵥵İѽƣȴ˲˷籩ɱͬһڵĺ˲˿
ʲôɫ䣬Ŀоâʧܣ
֮ء˵
հν
νս򵥵ȴ̺ǿ籩ɱȫ߽⡣
䣡
ڵϣֱһѪ˳ȥ
ˣΪҰ𣬵Ѿˣٴһһ룬Ѫһء
ԿҲһֱۣȡĴ
ͣ
һ潣䵽ʬϣճ˻ҽ
Ǿ޽洫ӣҴʵӦòͣԳԿɲ˿ʬ壬̻ʬ𼣣޽飬ҲԲ鵽Լϣ뿪
ʯͬһԹһ㣬Ȼֶʯ
ʶֻ̽Ӱ׷Χ£ԲóȻѡ
֮󣬳ԲŽһʯΪʯԼоһɲ
Ȼǰвףͳһʯš
ʯŰ뿪һɼǿ洫ʯڵĿɭֲ·ʲôδֲ֪Ĵһ

ʱһıԼӰ˸
ҷ磿
ϢʯţĿ濴ȥܣżʬ壬࣬ںѪһץãҲ̶á
ӰսһţӰȻǺԼһս֮Եҷ磬ĶȴһǿĹߣĿ࣬ף¶һ˫ĵ۾˫ɣгָף絶ڹ⣬ҷѹס
佩
ɫһ䣬û뵽ﾹȻ佩
佩ڽʬһ֮࣬ԳΪ佩Ϊǰߣ󾭹Ϊ佩
һֻصĵطܹ佩
ôһĹˡ


624 佩
Ľ佩ɫЩأ佩Ҳеȼ֣һ߽ףֱӦߵȼǰֻ佩ȻĽ佩ֻͨĽ佩ʵҲ壬ǰֻ佩ȴĽ佩ΪĴڣ޵оŽ׵ʦ
óҷǾŽ׵ʦ޵оŽ׵ʦһ֮Ľ佩Ķ֣ȻڿԵֵѾǿ֧ˡ
أ
Ľ佩һץ£ڹһûҷ磬˳ȥ
ҷ˫ŭ緢ͷŭޱȣԼһƬ糽һıĹʯңȴ佩佩ʵǿʵԶ޵оŽ׵ʦʦܶɱԼҲǱ֧š
ৣ
ʱԳֽס佩
ҷˣԾһֵýύˣԾ֣ȵߣ
֡ҷû뵽ԼͷԼǳԣ˵֣佩̫£Ҷ˲Ƕ֣㲻˻ˮ˵գͦǰӶǹǹܲͬһ㡣
ȻҾ֣û˵Ҷ֮һһͺ佩ϣһְһֱͭǡ
ãҷ罻ˡҷӳϿֿҲ飬һʩչǹתǹһɺĹԣͬǳʱһ㣬¡£һǹΣ佩
ϡ
Ľ佩ʵ쳣£һǹ·Ͳ֪ʲôǺһֱֻ۾ͬѣһڶ
佩ĿҲڴʱ¶ˣǰѧȴûǣܹʩչ磬Ž׵ʦ
潣Ԫ
佩תɣΪΪÿԿ佩
Ȼ潣Ԫ顢׹ⲨȽԸ佩ȴԵʮ㣬潣Ԫ佩ϣͬһһ޴죬佩ҡΣͬҰް˻ӵˡ
أ
һץ£ɢҷĳǹ˳ȥҲɡ
ͣ
齣£佩ȼա
Ȼ佩֣ȴȻ£ûܵ˺һͬһһ㣬˫ָۣ׶һ档
أ
潣ԪȻ佩վ̫ˣ޷ʵԵ˺ԳԱýʩչǿĽ磡
齣ݳ˸ХɫĽͬһ㣬ԽԽͬ𣬾佩
¡
ʯڣ涼𶯣ǷХ
໡佩˻֮ϳһۣɫѪҺȴ쳤Хͬ³Хһ㡣
ãԺȻоɼǿϢɫ䣬ûüӦ޴죬ֻʯδʯ׸ǳӰ𣬺ȻҲĽ佩
ߣԿͷƤ飬һ佩ԶԸοֳֻĽ佩һ㿪ֻ佩ʯȥ
ҷҲҾӳʯš
䣡
Ȼֻ佩׷ȻǲŹԶˡ
Ľ佩Ѿ߱һЩʶϣĹԶˡ
ৣৣ
ԺҷʯڣǰʯԻͷһ׷ֻ佩ҧ˵ֿӣ
ãСģҷһ԰ף֪µҲֻзֿϣܹ㿪佩׷ϣչͬһֻɽһʯ
ˣҲҾת磬һʯ
໣
ֻ佩ʯţſյʯһۣɫͫڷĹâ໴Уһֻ佩ҷڵʯ׷ȥֻ佩ȴ׷ϳȥʯ
ֻ佩ͬһ㣬Ȼ׾ٶȿ쵽˼㡣
ڽʯã͸оֻ佩Ϣ
ɫһû뵽佩Ȼ׷
ֻ佩ʵǿԴԴϵգϾʵǿԣܹյĻСԳԼӿٶȣһ̽ǰһֻ佩
ǰˣ
۾һٱȥ
ʲôˣʯڣҲǽ󣬱˹ĹԾȻ˿ٶȱƽԼлһâ˸Ľɫһ䣬̻ӳһȭۣͬڵһ㡣
ÿ
Դһ磬ƽ衣
ߣûôסЦ
ȻˣǾһְɡ΢΢һЦ˵Сˡ
ʲôһ㶣ȻӰǰҸܵǿϢɫʱһ䣬佩
Ц˵
ɶҪɱ㡣εȻֻ佩ǿҲ˳뽫ˮĴ㣬޲óɱ
飡飡
ֻ佩˲ƽֱɱ򳽻Ժͷ衣
ɶӣӹ˽٣ҶҪɱ㡣ŭ˼㣬佩Ѿƽֻһˣһߵֵ
ˣ˿ֻ佩Ըˣһֻ佩Ľġ
໣佩ͫ˸ɢϢ˫צͬħһ㣬Ҫ˺ɷ۴⡣

һ֣Ծû֣ʩչѧǿĹⲨͬڵһµĹⲨ˸ǵأޱȣ䵽佩ϣֱǽ˳ȥ
ৣ
Գǰ̩ɽѹ֮齣һ佩
ãȻҪһ佩ı۰ʱɫ䣬齣ȻǶУһʱβˣȻֻһµĹ򣬵˲Ѿ佩ԣצֱץ˳ԼͷʺѪ̱ڡ


625 

ͬʱ佩һʬ򳽻ԡ
أ
ʬڣһ̱˺ɫͷðɫѪ佩һƣֱӶ˳ȥ
ۣһںѪ˼㣬ɶ񡣡
̤̤̤
佩ͫ˸µĹâ˫Ų̤ʯ壬ƾˣͬǧڶγɿµˮһ򳽻ԡ

ԻͷһصˣȻʹ˰ݣѸҧһӳհν
˿ͣΪʬѾڣʱһᱻʴһɶ
ԣһѹʬ£ʩչһȻС
ͣ
һ죬һ޷ۼĽ佩˫ţȻķྪˣһȻǱȥһأصһ佩˵ϣ̧ͷ򳽻ԣ˻ʬӨӨĹâ
հν
ٴλӳһ佩һֻȥһأ޷վ˫ϥ˵ϡ
𣡡佩𣬷·ںͬ顣
⡣ɫһ䣬Ѿ޷ѹʬ޺޵Ŀһ޷ߵ佩תȥĹ
תߣҲ֪Լλãһûʯңýһ˻ϥ£ҵֺʱ䣬ΪʬѾڣʼʴĽͣ͵ƣ뿪ɱ佩ʵڵѾˡ
ͣ
ʬڳҴʳ塣
ֻɫڣϣͬһŹ촽ڣ˫ֳֶʬڣ𡢷硢ʬȾٴͬһ̶峺̶ˮһīˮһ㡣
龰õ
ʬ̫Եʴڵǳֹۡ
ԣⲻʬһ˿Ϣɫ䣬оû뵽ʬȻ򵥣ǳҲᱻʴô졣
ͬĶ˵
ֶǿ󣬲޷⣬ȻҲҪһء
ԣԲžѡ
ϻÿʲô취Ժϻãʵ
ûУΪӡ飬Ӧа취ϻ˵
񣿡̽Լ߷
ˣа취ֻЩѡһ£˵Ҳ֪ӡϹƷѾԶƷ̺ҲǼ򵥵ϹŲŴڵڼҪҲѣֻҪʦ߲ſԷӷӡ
ԣüͷ
Ѿѹ˾ųԪʦҲֻһ֮ңֻǼ򵥵ʹ÷ӡҲǲԣѾڵǺǿҪⲻѣ⻹ԽƿأΪá˵
ãͰ˵۾һ˵
ͷڳԼʹ÷ӡķ
ȻֻǼ򵥵ķ˺󣬳ȴ¶֮ɫ󣬷ӡȫжǿ
ӡԶԶ˳Զķ룬޷侹ȻֻǿܹʹãȴѾʬȡˡ
ʱ仺ţʬ⣬ڳԵڣȴǵһ

һУ֪ĻȻ󾪣ΪһԶĪ⣬͸򣬸ƿˣȴøԵʻƿȻֻһ㣬һɣȴһ
ͬʱԸоԼǿˡ
֪ȥ೤ʱ䣬ڳܹƿ
˫ۣͫھȻֳڵĹ̯˫֣̱ͬһ㣬ɭɭһ˸оľǸоʱĳԷ·һˣһ
μˡһ˹ݵ
ˣطռɡԻ˵
ǡһ˰ݵ
Ŀһԭ·ء
Ȼ佩ʯԳ̷֣˻צҪ˺鳽ԡ
ߣ
һӿע齣УѩḺ̌ǣޱȣ˼ɢ佩
໡佩ԭײеﾹȻ¶֮ɫ
꣡
ޱ飬һ£ᴩ佩壬һš
佩ȴûκηӦ·ûܵ˺һֹֻͣԼһʱ佩ֳɫ磬һǿήȥһ̲Ѫ
ţˣǳҲɫ䣬ûǿᡣ
ֶһɱС
¶һĨ˷ܣȻΪûͻʦƶһţҲһ˸˵顣
ٴ̽Ĺͷˡ
ڸʯڣջ񲻷ƣõƷѧиһƷнѧ
ĳԣҲֻƷϽ׺Ͷѧʺˡ
Ըо˹Ĺ룬ûеõһƷϽѧмʧ䡣
漴ȻһЦţƷϽѧҲ洫֮ģָΨгϲſѡһƷϽѧ
ҲΪֻʦǿ߲ſӳƷϽѧ
ȻˣȻкܶһ߶ŴƷϽѧԾõӣȡһõƷϽѧֻǵ񣬼Խ޵оŽ׵ʦΪҲ޷ӳʮ֮һ


626 
ҷˣƷϽѧ
ʱǰͻȻЦ
¶ĹâδȥһѧҲȷ𣿽ƷϽѧ㲻
ǰ谵ʯڣӰ
裬㣿õƷϽѧһ꣬һЦҸý۷˰ɣû뵽ڴӾȻԼֱ۶סؼֱ
ȻˣҾɱ㡣һɭſյۣˡȻ޵оŽ׵ʦ佩ʵǿĿ£˾ţ֮ɱ佩Ҳʬֻֿۣǰ곰ɱ¶
ɣҵҪڴӾкα졣ЦˣһƬأȻһۣϯӣ޵оŽ׵ʦСԻúܲҡ
ǰ裬һ˵ͷܣһۣʵ󽵣׳ŵҪһս衣
ãܺãһĺܲҡŭǰҷŴʴʣȻ˵ĻһҪɱ
𣿡
һЦѩ׵¶ɭĹâһӣһɫ䵽УһƬϢϯ·һһƬɭһ㣬ɫӳǽ׺ݡ

ŵ֮УܹǰеĴڣһۣҲκ˶ƵģȭʵʣҶ£ͬһСɽһ㡣
飡
ȭͷɫϣųѤõĽȭâ
費ȭ֣һȭ̺µȭ־־ߣҪߵĹҪ־־ߣܵ־Ӱ졣
˵Ȼãȷʵڡ
Ȼӵ޵оŽ׵ʦʵȴû־ԺͷһսܵԷȭ־Ӱ졣
ֶֻôûжϣжЩսˣһ䣬Ҫ뿪
ûš򳽻佩ϵۣǷŭʱǵͷϣȻҪɱйҪܣǿֻʣ֣ʩչȭҲޱȡ
أ
ڷһȭ֮£ڽڰˡ
ӣ
û˿ԥѡܣΪûаɱ衣
Ӳˣ˫۱䣬Ŀɱȭ죬˷ͬһ㽫û¡ţ˳ȥѪ̱ڵϡ
̤̤̤
ǽŲͬһ䵽ߣɫ԰׵˼㣬ɪɪ
ҪĿǿ־壬Ľе
ˡһЦһȭԴϣžһһѪģģ׵ĲһҪŻ¡
һŽͷʬȵڵϣһ뿪ȴ͵ͣס˽Ųȵ˭
žžžֶһֱֻۣҲɲһֻһ޳Ӻڰһһ˳ǳ˭
㣿
ɫʱ˫зɭɱ޷ԶܣγһɹɷУķдСӣ˭㶼ˡ
Ǻǣܶ˶˵ͬĻǶˡԼȻȻǴɱ˼һӣ齣˸һĽڶָǰռ䣬һεĹʽ衣
µɣ
Ȼֻʣһֱۣ׺Ʋһȭͬɽ¡죬籬ըһ㡣
һȭΪĵ꣬ݺݵ˳ԡ
ɱ
Ŀɱ֣齣ն£˷ȭͷϡ

ֱһ죬һ

Ƿ֮壬˫ȭһ֣ʩչ磬ˮһȭһʽ̺ǿķ籩ϯڳԵϡ
ͣ
ϵ·ֽͬɵһ㣬˲顣
ٺ١跢ЦԽսԽ£ͬһѹȳԡ
ɫأû뵽һֱۣʵȻǿ֮޵оŽ׵ʦҪǿ
ৣ
һ齣ԳеˮˣзƵʵ𶯣Хһ㣬û͵ķ籩У߽⡣
籩ɱ
һȭбãˮɱƵ֣ȭӰѾȭӰǷ籩һ㣬ɱ齣һܼ죬ǱУЯϷһȭ򳽻Դ
һУû
׺ݵһȭԲҴ⣬УɱǺµȭͷϣʱ֮
ȴûʩչɱС
ΪǷ֮壬ԷƿȻǴޱȣԶԷĿȴ裬֮⣬ҲֻСɶѣҪ̤гɻһβСľ룬ҪԭǳԷ˽ⲻ࣬ҲûԷĶ֡
ѵ÷Ƿ֣ȻŹѵõĻᡣ
軹ڰ⣬Ҫһɱȴ֪ԼΪ˳Եʯ
֪ĻѾǵñɡ
쫷ȭ
ȭң
ҷ𣡡
ʩչУҪɱ˭֪ȴǼأͲӲӲĵüŭѣʩչɱУɱԣһʨȭ
ףʨһɿʨһۣ˫ȭǳأǿԵ


627 Ѫս
¡
ռ䣬ʯ죬Ѹƥ׼ԡ
úãԴȣƿǣƺȻҲǱ׺ݣϢڽ٣ײ˹ȥ
׹Ⲩ
ء
춯صıըֱûһУϯˣ˷ľռгݡ
ʲôǿµ÷ɫ䣬ҧгݵɶʵ
ԼûпˡЦһ˵ڣýˣ裬ɣ
ûǸʸ񡣡豩ŭѣһ֮ͽԼֱоζըˣµȭȭϣɽһΡ룬ϯ£ʯڲ
ôЦѾԷѾʩչɱˡ

һ£֮ͬһְһ㣬оκԣȴֻ֪޷ѣһĻѹԵơ
ƣ
ȭһķųɫʨһ㣬
ৣ
Ȼ͹˳Եʵ齣Ӷ£һɹɽƾճ֣ͬһиȴȷиޱȣȫһȦֽ⣬صһ˳ȥ
ȭͷϴʹУͷһȭͷϾȻѪ
ɶ񣡡ɫһ䣬Ŀɭޱȣ޲ɱԣҲ֪Եʵǿ򵥣ѾԼɱˣʹ˷ǾԲܵġ

Ҫɱԣµȭ־ӳÿһʽȭϣÿһɱеӴݻһСɽɢȭͬİ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һɱУ׺ǿÿһɱж̺ȭ־ʯӲĴɷ۴⣬ǽڳݣһʯ·ڷȭ²
ȭɽ纣
һ̣һɲ
𣡡Ұһ㣬ɺ˫ĿͬյСޱȡ
СģˡϻȻ˵
񻯣Ҳ쵽˷оͺʧȥʶһϻ˵Ѿ񻯣Զʱһû뵽边Ȼ״̬ʧȥĿƣͺñںԼѪսȫƾԼĸо
һ˵״̬ĻʣһʮֺԼδ
һ߿񻯣ʵʱԽԽǿһ㣬Ѿоˡ
˵ŷ軹ֻӵб޵оŽ׵ʦǿһߵʵôʵѾȫԽ޵оŽ׵ʦܹĨɱͨ޵оŽ׵ʦĳ̶ȣͳս൱
հν
գԲ֣ʩչھ֮ɱУհν
ͣ
һţǳԶֻܲ׽һ㣬οѾ񻯵ķ裬ֱϣѪĽ¶׹ǣһ裬Ƿǿֵ˴룬Ѿ롣
Բɫ䣬û뵽ɱͨ޵оŽ׵ʦֵհνȻûɱ衣
̸ĽΪأѾķ裬ɫãʩչ֮ɱ衣
죬ǰ棡
Ȼ
Ӱʯǰ
Ƿʦ֡һ˵
ͷʦִս˭һ˵
˭ɱ˵
ˡԼˣݱܷâȻܹԾ֮ɱ裬ʵʧ̫ˣʵڵӸҲˣվ֮£ʵڲֵá
ǣһתûһʯټ
ãʦֿˡ
ڵӸſ񻯵ķ裬ɫ䣬ֹסˡ
ɱ
費˳ԣɱڵӡ
ߣڵҧ˵
ǵٶȻûзٶȿ죬̾ͱ׷ϣʵѾԽ޵оŽ׵ʦķ裬ȫǶ֣ࡣ
һսεˡ
ʱɫ󺧵Ŀǰ̲Ѫ⣬Լ֣˳˼òŽһУεŤɱ˻𣺡ԣҪʬ
ʱѾ˹ĹǰһԲεʯңʵؼӲĺڸʯͷǶŹʶĿҹʯɢ͵Ĺâ
ʯģһ֣һ֮š
ԸоӦþǹĹĳڡ
鿴ãûзΣպ󣬲߽֡
ˣ
ͬˮһ㣬ڳ߽һ̣һ졣
ӭսߣ
һ̣ǰһߴĺӰͷϴŸֿȫ׸ǣֻ¶һ˫ɫͫףվڳǰͬһɽһ㡣
ǣʵ
ػܣңͿԴ뿪ͬʱӦĽϹſܵ飬һ˿У˵֮Զֱ졣
ɣûκλȡ齣̹Ȼ˵
ǽޣϹſܿ˳һۣʵ
šԵͷ
ϹſֻеԵһһ䵽С
ֻ˵ʵһаƿľ޽
Զһ޽ʽ򵥣ʻɫͬһʯûнķâҲûнƣûκصĵطȴûʯϾǰܿϹſܣֳʯȻͨҲͨȥ
ԣһ˿֮ģһصĿϹſܣΪϹſϸоһɲ޵оŽ׵ʦʵ
ৣ
ԼϹſûг˼ҲɣһХܲ⽻֯һ𣬾ͬһϹſȥ


628 Ϲſ
һȻֻͨһѸޱȣͬ磬ԭΪڽķΧһϹſܡ
ȻϹſܶˡ
ৣ
Ϲſһţٶ硣
ʲô
¶֮ɫȴȻһХ£ͬһ˺ϣޱȣ¡һ죬𶯣ǰһ޴ĺӰȻϹſܡ
ٶѸף磬ұۻӶХ磬ʯ֮£ռһ㱻룬ˡ
¡¡
·һһһ㡣

ǳʵսḻ콵һҲЩֲ齣ȻӦĸ񵲳ȥ޽¡ڽϣ̸̻оֱ۴һУһ˳
ǿԿϹſܣһ˿죬ܿɫһʩչС
Ϊ֪ϹſܵһĽ޷Ψовſԡ
ýӰ
齣У£ȴһţͬãһ
ûᣡ
ԺԵĸоϹſܵһ٣ٶȱǣֻƣݺĳ

飡
齣Ⱥ䵽Ϲſϣ죬Ϲſ˳ȥ
ˣйâһԼϲϹſܵʵȻǿ󣬵վˣû˵˼룬ǿҲһڼ̵ʱﷴӦ
ҲϹſܵķٿƷϽױ׵ķ
飡
һ硢齣У۳һŹͬڵһصһϹſϱը
ᣡ
˾Ϲſܵʮ
Ϲſܲ˷޽裬ӿɳҰ籩ϯأֿռԵҡ
ն
Ϲſܴһ˫ս޽ɽһ£ƴ޿ɵֵ䵽齣ϣ޲ֱ۶ڶ·޷£ѹһɽ
ȣ
ҧȣӿ齣ʯĦƬ𻨣صһϹſֱϣҲǱ˳ȥ
磡
Դ齣ն٣纣ķʽϯһ޴Ľѣ¡¡ַҪ
٣
ڳԶϹſս񣬲ֺٽʯӶ룬һۣͬٲһˢ£¡죬ˮһ㣬ݺݵĳڽϡ
ء
һ춯صıըͬʱɢȻǲ¡
ʲô
Դһû뵽ϹſܾȻǿĽ
ܺãˣһ츳Ľ֮һϹſܷɳƵʯָƽޱȣͫ˸ԣ˵ƾʵ߳ȥ
ôһ˿أܿһţ齣ٿȻʣһĨײĽ⣬ͬһ㣬һţĨâƻȴǲ׼ȷޱȵ䵽Ϲſܵϡ
꣡
һ΢ɲĴ촫ֻϹſǰ¶һѺۡ
ˡϹſܵͷǰѺۣ˳һۣ黯Ӱԭأһһ׿ס
ƷϽѧƷϽױףԲһۣǰʰһжʱ¶˼𺧣ƷϽѧҲͰˣȻһƷϽױףֱ̫ˣΪƷϽױױƷϽѧѵһ
˵ƷϽѧ޼۵ĻƷϽױףмС
٣ǬԪԴδгƷױף̾ǬԪɽʯҹİǣҲûмɴ˿ɿһߡ
ˣţԶûзֹƷϽױס
һ仰ƷϽױ׵ļֵ޷
ܹı
ԣеϲÿ֪ˡ
û˿ԥ̴ƷϽױףǳʵᱡͬһ㣬ϣо˿ĲʣȫںΪһ塣
һ̣Ĵ
𽣹⣡
һ׽Ľһ׹ǿĽ
ʱûûϸս˴С
һֱϣֻĶŷŽУⱻ˷֡
󣬳ԿǰĹţû˿ԥ˽ȥ
ֻǰâһԸоԼڷһ㣬ܿ͸о˫䵽˵ϣǰҲʯˣһƬĲݵأĿ㡣
΢絴Сˮ
ৣ
ƬݵرȳеҪƽһʮû˿ͣؾȥ
ϿǰһЩĹâԸоԼؾӦǵڶˡ
ԣҪץʱ䡣
䣬գ۹ǰǧס
أأ
죬ӰӲݵ³ɱ򳽻ԡ
ǳԣɱ
һ˵гǹ϶£ڿֱӾһ죬ͬһ㣬Ҫ
ৣ
һֳϸɫˮһ㣬ͬһɫû

ɱǰԼûмȴʶԼȻѾãȴԼ
ԣû˿飬һǴĳǹֱӶѣһǰ˵ֱնϣһб۵һͷΪ룬Ѫͬһһɫ䣬̴һȻ֪ͨˡ
ˣ
˵ȵľڣ֪ʲôҪɱԼ

˲ҽһû
ৣ齣վڲݵϣһƽ


629 
գ۹򣬾ӰӲԶӶΡ
ԣ
һ˺Ȼǻŵգɱ¶Ŀųԣ˵ԣɱһŵӣվڡ
û뵽ǻķʽ档ȻԿûпһۣĿ䵽ϣȻЩȣɱԼԼ͹Ϊˡ
ߣԣʣ㣬Ҳ澡ʧһɫȻмɵΧռˣ¶ɱ˵֪ʵǿ޵оŽ׵ʦһֻ·һ
ٸϻɱһŵӣŽҪȡͷŽ˵
ԣɱҲһɱǺնǻǰλ洫ӣ޵оŽ׵ʦʵǿᣬټ˵ɱһԣʦǿߣҲһս
֣
һǹ裬ֱӶҪС
Ҫ֡ԵŽ˴⣬ѵ˵գһȭӳһŻţŨѹһɱըȾ
ŽԶ֮ǰѾ֪ԵپյѣȻСﳽԣһ֣ǾС
Ĵ޵оŽ׵ʦ֣Ҫһɱԡ
ȻҾһ졣˵
Բѣ

Сӣղɱ㣬ŽԶ˫ۣ
Ѿ߿ԣ⻰̲סŭ죬һɱɱ򳽻ԡ
Žǻ洫ӣʵȻ壬ԻȴĪϸУȴʹıһѩ󵶣аƿһն£ʮɻ浶£ض·롣
͡
֮ݱյһɶضճ˽̿
ǿ
¡
ȭȭͨ͸Ϊȭţһ֮ͻʦ
Ȼܸԣʵȴÿʱÿ̶ڽΪľϴˢԴĳ裬Ȼˣ֪ԼʵɱԣˣţԱɡ
ڴǰѾﵽС۷壬Ѿͻгɣ
Ա
Ȼ͹˳ԵĽ
Ľ󣬳ԵĽվ˹ģը಻Բɶһ涼Ӳ³ߡ
ʣ
𣬳ԵĿ䵽ϣоʵǿԳҪɱв
ɣ
˸ԹķΧм䣬ǿߣķҲֻٶ߽ǰҵĹĹǾԻⲻ˵ģΪȻߵʵﵽһ۷壬תԶҲҪʱģҲܶݣڳʵ˵㹻ˡ
ԣŽ޷˵˼㣬Ҫһԡ

ն˶˷ܲѣҪɱˡ
ΪţʵǿֻһŽ׵ʦʦ
վֻһ
ȻȴǹһĨȣ絶䣬䵽պУﶼһ£оԣΪǴӳûпκλ֮ɫﲻһĸо
ߣ򶨣漴վͻȥͷΪʦǿĴ޵оŽ׵ʦĹҲֻа˵³οŽ׵ʦ
ײޱȣɱ飬ǿһȭҪԴࡣ
ֻأȻòûһˣվǸԼⷢ⣬Ϊо̫ˣ͸Ź졣﷫ȴľ
ৣ
ԶˣһǰӭգŽ˵Ĺܲˣͺûпһ㡣
Žȫӣŭ˼㣬һƺڳԵĺ󱳣¶˷񣬷·ѾԱԼĳһ㣬Ȼֻͣһ˲ϵˣŵ˻𣺡ⲻܣ
հν
ͬһʱ䣬Ѿƽԣȫûϵֵܹסһơ

ǰһĨ⣬ͫ׶ʱһߣ¶ɫѾˣֽͬɵһ㱻г룬˳壬һΪѪˮƮ䣬ԭ𶯵ĲݵأƽһƬ
ŽԣǲţһĿųԡ
ŽһƵ޵оŽ׵ʦɱȻȴȻ£һûʲôһ
ܣŽɫͣʧǵĵ
꣡һ䣬ͷҲأ齣תŽ塣
Դ飡
أ
ŽоһƬ䣬ǰӰǺڴӦյ룬ʶʧȥصһ˵ϣһƬѪ

˻жɱ⡣
ৣ
һֱķԵȴǾţѾţֱǵͷȥ
Ҫɱ㡣Դû뵽Ȼˣϳɱ򳽻ԡ
׽⣡
̺硢Ľ⣬ˣ󣬼ԶǶֱ֣ӽȭͷϵƽ⣬ɷ۴⣬Ѫɣ齣һӣͷ­ͳͷʬ嵹ء
ৣ
ȥӰһۣ˴ʩչ٣ͬһ׷ȥ
ԣ
ˣĵԣҪɱҲɣ
Ǻǣ⻰ӦҶ˵ŶԡЦ
㲻ҪɱңԣͬŵӵķϣҪɱҡٶȴ󽵣ӲͷƤԳ˵
ȻˣҾȫʬޱ顣


630 Ԫ
Ҹƴˡ֪ԼǳԵĶ֣ҪȥвʣƴĿ˵ҲҪһ
㻹ûʸ񡣡Ե
¾ɱ
ȫӿγһƬĴڣʮɿռ䣬ͬ˼һ㣬ɭɭӰ򳽻ԣŨŨɱ¾ͬħһ£˸˫ͨ죬һ򳽻ԡ

鵭Ȼˣž޲齣һɫ壬ɭ˿˿Ƶ͸ǹɭӿֲһϣĻһ
¡
ķȷ׽£֮Ͼ߽⣬û
Ĳҽɣʬ޴档
齣ȡĴҪɱԼˣԿûʲôģοرˣϧ
ʬ֮󣬳뿪
оԼѾʼؾˡ
ǧ֮⣬һƬͷĹȺǽߣʯף̨ܹͤ¥洦ɼĹ޷⣬Եĸо϶ɣͬһһ㣬УԻоҩݵϢ
ҲӵŨһء
ԿԸоŵɱʶɱ¾
볽޹أϢǱ빬
Զ۹һ޼ʣ빬ԸǲԨ纣ĸо
Ϣǻֺ׳ۣ
ȻϹɵӾסĵطǲããŵĸֲࡣ
в뷨ޱȣȺֻŵĻжϹɴڵʱжǿ
Բ
ÿһ䷿ݸֵĲֻ࣬һһЩڳ˵Ҳûô
İݺᣬСβȹĹĻӸӣǳʶǿĻѾ·ˡ
ʮ䷿ݣһջ
ʱվһԴöķǰ
䷿棬ԸоһɵĵҩϢ

û˿ԥŶ롣
ݲּ򵥣齡ΣһӦȫڷм䣬һͭ¯аƴСҩϢǴͭ¯ġ
ҩ
Դͭ¯ֻ澹Ȼһ¯ҩ
ף
Ȼһֻһ·ϵ澹ȻһɫޣʵɫĵҩǵҩϢҩɢġ
ϵԴҩоһƷϼѵĵҩһϵˣҲ̺ǿҩǷϵ϶ѰĵҩΪؾ꣬ﵤҩȻⵤҩϢ˵һˡ
ϻãʲôҩԶԵҩһϲͨȻ֪ҩǷƷҲϲҩ֪ϻϹ飬ʶ㣬һ֪ҩơ
ǽԪϻʧ
𣿡ϻõ𾪣һ˿Ȥʵ
ֹСӣԪϹ֮ʱҲһּƷĵҩֵǣڶԵҩĻ֣ԪƷϽ׵ҩϻ˵Ϸұ֤½ûд˵ˡ
˶٣ϻü˵ԪǽԵҩеƷʵЧ
ʣԣ۾һ
Ϸ֪ΣϹ֮ʱʦУҲлֵģһΪסϻ˵һ˵ʦʦʦ󾳽ߵʶ֣֮һױһǿ󡣡
󾳽磬һ׵ʣҪһŬԴﵽҪĽ׵ʣޱȼѵģչɶԣһʦߣڴﵽŽʦĵزֻӵʵĻôʦʦҲֻӵʡ
˵ԽǿʾԽǿܹʦﵽʣôͻƣʵǳͬߡϻ˵ϹʱЩʦǿߣһʦ罫׵ĵز
⡭𾪣û뵽ʦϲεߣȻ֣ϻòԼĻһֱ֪
𾪰ɣٺ٣ʵҲһʵְɣ󾳽磬ÿһ׵Ĳ඼Ǿ޴ģܹԽսߣһ־ʷ漫ǿ֮һ㣬ӦᡣϻúٺЦؼʵϣܶŶ֣־ԽߵߣɾԽߡ
ԣСһΪƷϽױףԶǿϻ˵
Եͷ־ᣬʮ˽ģԵľǳϺˣȻֻǰ˽׵ʦΪΪ־ǿܹͨŽ׵ʦԺͶŽ׵ʦ档
ô˵־Ҳо绮֣
һΪסϻ˵
ǳϺ־ﵽһףʵ
Ƕ˶ǽǹţǷŵϹʱҲ֮õ־ĻӦһסϻõ˵
һףʧ־ﵽף
㣿ﵽ׵ĳ̶ȡϻ˵
סԣ˿ʵϻãȻ˵־ôΪųôƿ־ߣ
ǿϡʮ˶־ȻΪˣһνؾѺˣԼϵ־ⲻóԻϻõĻ
⡭Ϊ̫̬ΣϹ֮ʱǺѼģһһܹһڵʦ־˾Ѿܺˣû뵽û䣬һžȻô־ˣʵϷ򲻸šϻҲ𾪵˵


631 ûʵ
ϻ⻰ϸϸһ˼˵ʵʹҷһţҷΪ洫ӣҲûƿ־յȶ޵оŽ׵ʦҲˣΨһģҲֻӡ硢ˡ
һħŶӣһǾ޽ڵ洫ӣһڵڶ洫ӡ
Ҳ͸һִ־кܶࡣ
ʵΪĶǰѵһţҰŴĻƿ־ߣֻкٵһ֡
գԲȻ
ԪֻǰƷΪȻ
ǺǣСӣɱ˱˻ԣԪҩֻһΪֻһƷлϻ֪Ե˼ɺǺЦ
õȵͻʦ磿
ȻһƷԷòˣֻһƷҩȳƷԪ֪ٶٱҲΪˣŽ׵ʦΪǲԷáϻý͵ˣҲΪʦǿȥ๦򡣡
ԭˡԵͷͻȻɫһ䣬ֻһӰſڡ
Ԫ
һۣڣݣһϢĿ䵽ԪϣЦû뵽ؾĴڽԪǵȫѹ򰡣Цգһ˫¶ưŸӵųԣ˵Сӣ˵ɷڸѣĻ̽Ԫūͣһ
ѣɷڵڶ洫ӣԵĵ
Ȼ֪ҵţ콫ԪϣѴһӣ˵Ե
Ǿ޿ˣҲῼһѵĻǾˡԸһĿԷ·ûп˵þ޿˵ҾͽԪ
Сӣԣɫʱھ޿ϣܴ裬ڵɷڣĲбֶΣû˸ۣĽɣ񱻳ἰ¶ɱҪɱԡ
䣡
һȭƲɵ

˽Ԫӳ齣סһȭ˵ҪԪͿûʵ
ɶһġŭ죬޲ɱԣ˫ȭ裬ȭܲ͸ĺҪɱ
һ֣ԾͷָѲȭ֣棬˶Ҫǿ󣬲ǿҷǿ
֪ѶȡԪԭˣԿɲԪֻǿʵĻԵҲôУ֪غĳɾͣԾͲύȥ
οҲ̵ɷڵڶ洫ӵʵ
ҪΪǿߣҪʬɽѪ˵ÿһλǿ߶ǲʬǿ֮·
ԾҪΪǿߣһս
ء
ֻԺ͸˵ӰȭͽײѵıըʽƬƬķݵ
¡
ȭţѾȭ־ÿһȭޱȣǼ򵥵һȭ̺ȭݵĽӴԸоʵԾҪǿһǿĶ֡
Ҳ˸ӷڣս߰һս
Ƭ̣ɵķݶ
ʲôˣ
˳Ժ͸ѣŵڹȺڣһŽ׵ʦָѵӰɫ䣬ʧǸѣһ˭
֪ܹ͸Ѵ൱ԲߣпһŵŵӡԶһŵӡ
ǵʵ̫ǿˣ޵оŽ׵ʦǲǶ֣Ļֻ뿪һ꾪˵
˶ͷǲʶԣȴʶѣ֪Ŀ£һ˵ϹżΧͽڲˣǻǱˣѰұҪѺ򶷣ǻ˻ᡣ
˶ͷ̴ԽȺȥ
Ժ͸Ѷûᡣ
ֻɱԣȡԪɲὫԪϢǿǿŵ֪ɾ͵òʧˡ
ȻҲע⣬ϾԪ̫ˡ
еʵѹָҺһսĿһĿ¶ɱ˵ղֻʹʵҪʮʵҿôֵɣ
ԭΪֻͨľŽ׵ʦöٹͿɱʹʵû뵽ԾȻԼֲ£Ϊ˷ֹңԸѾóȫʵһɱԡ
ˣ
ӿƺƵͬբĺһ㣬ϯķޱˡ
ɽ
Ѵһգ·бըһ죬³ɽ֣һһεķʽϢĴɢͬҪըһ㡣
ȭ־
⻹ûнһȭ־˫ȭӳȭɽϡ
¡
ֱһңֱһɱС
ȭۣ·ȭͷһɽҪһ㡣
ɽ֣ġ
ţһпɱԡ
ȣ
ԺȻһһԾ齣һӶͣ轻֯ͬһһ㡣
أ
Ȼɽޱȣһ˳ԡ
ɣ
Ѽ˳һѾˣ̳ƹɱٴʩչɽ
Ԫ
ٴδȣ齣ƵʵĻһγһ˳ȥһ죬ɽȻɢ齣ն¡
ʲô
Ѵһɫһݣղ壡
ˣ
ʱһȭ貵ĽɢһȦȦɫƣ壬ͷ·һɫһ㣬ӲԣһˣͫŽ⣬ȭͷӶǿĽ


632 ն
ȥ
Ѵһ̺ȭͷɽһ򳽻ԡ

һƬУѺͳԾȻֽһ
˴սܷݴƬӿݣͬʯ콵һ㡣
ɶôôǿޱȣҪ֪ղƷϽѧȻֻг۷壬ױȣ޵оŽ׵ʦһʽϣһʦҲһս
Ȼû뵽Եķ֮ǿԼȻ˿κβ
еľȣ֪ˡ
ȴһƽȴҲԾǴƷϽױףֻʩչ֮ҲóԸ¶Ҫɱѡ
հν
ѵĽղʵ޴󣬾Ҳ޷ѹƣԳʩչ˴ɱС
ҲΣϵĶֶǼǿģͨɱи˶֣Ҳֻʹհνˡ
أ
ռһֻһһţ˲ƽѵȭ־ϡ
ͣ
հνȻǷ˫һ죬ȻѵĽղ嶼ƽ⣬һѷ죬Ѫ
ܣ
Ѵ󺧣û뵽ԼɱԵĽղ徹Ȼֵһʵǳ׾סҪ֪ŵɷҲֻо޿ղܹƽԼĽղ壬Ͳǵڶӣϯˡ
ɶһҪɱ
ԳһЩͷƤ飬Ҫɱԡ
Ķ£ǺԼ
Ҫɱԣ
Ԫ
Ѵͬվˣ˫̤أݣǿҵĽⱬӿͬٲһҶ¡
˿̵ĸѼֱһֽգ̫ĹԻҪǿңҫķһؾնӳճ˽ɫա
䡭
ͬʵʣпµƻɨ汬ը
ǸĵƣȽղӿֲĵơ
Ӻһʦ棬ȻܵĿܴܺ󣬵Ѿһе
֮һգҳˡ
ۣ
ֱһѪ˳ȥ
ɣ
Ͷͬһͷľޡ
֮
ĨȥѪ𣬾һ㣬ɱѣԷĶ֣հνɱֻܶþ֮
䣡
ѱɱֲʶ磬ֱһѪһҽУȻ֮ȭ
أ
۳ɵȭͷݺݺ򳽻ʶ
ԡ֮
һЦٴʩչֻ֮һ̺˷Ծ֮Ȼ֮ͨԱġ

зľ֮ͬһʶǾ֮ȭɢһ£νԺ
ѲҽһѪ˵ϣ˫ֱͷʹ
ۣ
ǰӳ齣ͷ­ն¡
ৣ
ȡ˴ʬճɻҽԴ뿪
ʹþ֮ǿҲܲס˾ƣֱͣӽ빬ˡ
չȥԲŻָơ
ȻԲ԰ףϾ͸һս̫ྫҲĴչָܹѾǼˡ
󣬳óϰٿƷʯŻָ۷״̬
һսȻޱȣԷԽʵѾ޽ӽʦ硣
ţͻʦԶˡ
գԴӹȺ߳ؾȥ
Ѿȥʱˣ󲿷ŵӣѡؾ
򵥵˵ϹŵԺ
ԺԻõջǲƣԺڵı֪ˡ
ܹԺģʵ󣬼ÿ洫֮ǰĴڣЩǿߣΪѹھŽ׵ʦŵӣڵһʱԺ硢֣һЩվҲᱻϡ
ԣòϳԵ
һʱ䣬ԲŴȺһ·ûһˡ
ǳԼʶǳǰ߲ԼɵʯʱҲһ
Ժ
ȻʯϿգȻ⡰Ժ֡
ⲻñīдɣһͨγɣ겻ࡣ
˵֪ͨһϹŴΪ
ûмʦܣоʦҲ޷ΪϻãǷ۷֮ʱſȾŽʦΪǵϣԿûиоǿ뵽ʦ
ʦжǿҲ֪
ʦ
ǰȻһŵǿҲǸ߽ʦǿߣҲ޷˵ֶΡ
ʦվûмֱűʱҲûۼʦܳ֡
ңҲ֪ʦ½۷ǿߣǰǱΪΣҲΪǸߵľɡ
ȻΪߴ󾳽磬֪ʦ֮ϣڸߵľ硣
һ㣬ӷӡϾͿԿ
ֻǷˣǲǰӡ˶ǵãӷֻƬУ֪ӡһλǿߡ
ңӡƷ齣һƷףӡǱ齣ʦ֮ܣҲֻܹƷԳԸƶһ㡣
Щʱ޷֪
Ϊûʵȥ֪Ҫǿʵﵽʦ磬صݣҪȥŽŷѩҪΪǰű
һУҪʵ

Уͬһ紵ʯš
ܿ죬Ӱ
ԭΪԺһȴǳԤϣǰȻһƬĺԣһƽ


633 ˮս
⡭
˼糽ԣҲɱǰĹ֮𾪵ˡ
ʵû뵽ԺȻһƬ
ңǰ⣬κξ
ˣԲͷʶ̽ӺڵܿüͷΪǰĿռ䣬͹Ĺռ伸һģһʶֻ̽Ӱ׷Χ޷֪Ǣ̸ȻǽԺȡΨһ;
ৣৣ
ڳ˼ʱӰԺ
ŵӣ޾Ž׵ʦʵ
˼ԣһ㶣û뵽ﻹˣ
һۣ괫ʦ֣ͨŽ׵ʦɱ˲
һ£˼ȻԺȻʵȿ㡣˵
ã꿴˳һۣͬľϾܹԺˣ֮ԻҲһǶһƽǰһʵҲǸ𣿡
šɨӶһۣƽĵͷ
Ժֻһ·ԼɫģݵɸȷʵͨŽ׵ʦʵ޾Ž׵ʦǰƽ
գ˵ʦǰԺһΣգ˶ʵ֮ˣһΣ
áԳһ£ͷ
ͬ⣬һۣͷһĴóһɫӣʹһɫ֣¶֮ɫ˵Ǳˮ飬ˮ
ˮ顣Ŀһʶ͸Ѷ˴ɨӣȻͬɫӣǱˮˣȡ֮編ƣ̳һɫˮ֡
ߣС
ˣҲûС
Ȼ˱ˮ飬ܺˮ޷ֺҼˮѹ
ȱֺöˣȻҲԸϾӲСҪͨĻȻҪĲãޣɱ˶ᱦ֮ˣ¾Σˡ
ˮ޴ڣСЩѵ
Եͷʶⷽ鿴ΧȻֻ̽ף׾Ѿ㹻ԷӦˡ
Ȼͬԣѹʶ޷̽⵽Χʮü˵
Ҳǡͷ˵ҪСһЩ
Ժ˲УһԲ
ĬûѯʶԷ
Ϊ֪ǷʵûУɱ˶ƣ֮ύ
Բ²˵Ĵ㣬ԭΪҪɱ˶ᱦû뵽ȴûж֣óɻ󲻽⣬ԼҲǶ롣
˶ûнԼĴ㣬Ҳѯʡ
ǰʵʵĻŶһ·֮ɲɱˡ
ȻҪǶ˻ûвԵʵ޵оŽ׵ʦĻѾȶˡ
ѾһǧˣΪλûü˵
ѵǳϸϢд˳һۣʵѣ֪˽٣
һ֪Եĵؾʱ䣬ʮſһΣһЩ仯֡
Ҳԡ
ҲͷڳԵĻǵȻһֶš
ࣣ
Ȼǰˮ׿ռˮݡ
ж
Сġ½˵˳һۣȡһڳˮɢϢ
ͬʱҲӴȡһֻȡ
ৣ
δ֪Ļ£Ҳȡ齣
͡
Ȼһɵǰڰռ䴫
¡¡
ˮ𶯣һ޴ĺӰεһˮޡ

ֻһͨѣ¡꿴˳һۣһƽ˵
¡
а׳ٶȿ磬ˮΪĵ壬Եδιͷų˼ǿĵ绡һ򳽻˳
ž
绡£ˮɿռ䡣
Сģ
Ͱһۣۼһ𣬺ͳ֮ľףʮףȻ뿴Եʵǵȫƽ
ˣ
ֻǿ˶һۣ齣ֽ̳⣬ȫ˲
¡¡
ˮ緭͵ڳ˰׷Χڣ룬һ˲
Сģǵˡѵȴһ˿ɫ뿴εֵ
ȻҲûгֵ˼
ߣһƵĽ͵ֽͬһ㣬룬ѪȾס
ѺֶΡһû뵽ԵʵǿﲻЩʦֵĻ
Ҳͷ˵һͨ
¡¡¡
ȻӿµϢɢ緢Ļɽһ㣬ɵֵ
ֻĺӰǰʮеҶޣи弶׵ڣ൱޵оŽ׵ʦ
ߡ
ɫ䣬Ұֽ嶼ڲ
ˡԿ˶һۣ˵
һ۾˵û弶׵ڣûУҲ㲻һ١
ƴˣɱȥ
´ʩչȫҪɱȥ
ɣ
ؽҧһȻ֮ɫ
ৣ
Կ˶һۣ¶֮ɫʹһԿ˻ʮˡ
ʣ
𣬳ֳ齣ˮ̺·âԳΪģǵȺɱȥ


634 ɽ
ۡ
ǰĵûüܣͱɱ
˴һû뵽Եʵǿ弶޶նɱһղԼʦֵҪ飬вһ䣬Ϯˣһ£һۣԷ㡣
ΪǲǳԵĶ֡
žžžž
弶ͽ޺н޶׽Щ弶߽׺Ͷ׵ȴô򵥿Դ˵ģ˵Ĺ޷ǲʵԵ˺
ɶӲˡޱȣ޲뿪
ˣȻһЩһߵֵһˡ
ö𾪵ǣԾȻһվ齣֮һӡ磡
ۣˮһϯȥ
¡
һӾͽȺײ˳ȥѪʣһƬѪ졣
⣡
ν׵磬Զǰ棬οзĽӳ֣ǲ󣬴ĺɱȥ弶׵֮⣬ȫɱ
ʲô
𾪵ԸӣٱˣҲԿӵ޵оŽ׵ʦʵ޾Ž׵ʦȻע⣬ⲻ˼·
Ǽֱڵ˼㡣
𣡡
˻һ򳽻˺ҧҪ˺Ƭ
հν
齣ٿȻγ
ۣۣ
弶׵룬òˡ
˶ˣʲôʵ
ȫǶ޵оŽ׵ʦķ룬Ϊ֪޵оŽ׵ʦ֮ǺѷֳʤģҲѹƶѣû뵽޵оŽ׵ʦĵǰɱˣֱš
Ӧ֪δɣ齣ˣʵ
֪֪֪Сһͷҿһۡ
ҪסĻʵʵǰ·Ҳȥιɨ˶һۣ˵
ǣ˱ôһɨһ飬ԹԵǰ·
֪Ժ·˶˴·ܿԺڡ
һˮţ
ڿһУ·𲻴һ㡣
û˿ͣ˴ˮš

ǰͻȻһƬֻһ޼ʵȺɽǰȺɽ֮Уɽ壬վĴܣŵľԳ𼦶һǣɽУԼ̨ͤ¥ʹССĹ
ȻЩɽԺӾסĵط
뵣ƣ˼ɾ
ϹɵԺôȻſԱġĿԶܹ龰ƻֺ꣬磬ϹɻڵĻǺεȵƣЩ̾Ϲɵǿ󣬹ϣͲſȵġ
ҲǾ̾˼ľһ𾪡
ˣԺѵ߰ɡԻ˵
ǡ԰һæͷӰȺ壬Ҷͣ
ˣֻһЦ
ٿȻĿ⿴һ
֮⣬ԸоǿĽϢһߵɽ壬ɽԶƽƣУɽҲ̨ͤ¥󣬲Щע⣬עǣɽһ޴ʯֻǾþ£γɽ塣
һִͨ
Ծ̾Ϲɵǿ󣬾ǰȥһ
оɽĲͬΪɽϣҲоһЩϢȭϢɽ壬ƵϢɽ壬Ϣɽ壬Ϣɽ壬оԵͽϢɽǿ
ϾǽǵһּҪɾͣǺѵģʮֹ
ɽ壡ϻóԾ˵Ϸҿ϶Ϲ֮ʱɶһ򲻻˶ɽ塣
ϻãʲôɽ壿ʵ
򵥵˵нȭƵÿһ̺ǰɽ壬̺Щ˵ܹõɽϿɣôȻһǧ٣ҶԽΪͨ͸ϻ˵
ԭˡоâ˸

ͬһ磬⽣ɽȥ
ʮԺȻͣ£ֻ֮⣬ӰһŮˣһħӣŮӣȻǺͳһս֮ԵıϼŵϼһħףӵϢ£ʮ֮˾ħŵӡ
ħ˫ӣ
Ȼûмħ˫ӣħţʵֻܹһˣħ˫ӡ
֮УǼΪǰһλΪѹ޵оŽ׵ʦʵǿò˼顣
ʵҲˣǿϼҲħ˫ѹơ
ϼкøУƾڸ߽׵ʦսϣԷԼҲԱߡ
䣡
콣жʮɳֱն֮ħ˫ӡ
ʲôˣ
ͻһħ˫Ӵ󾪣˿
һ£𶯣һаɳѷ졣
˭Һ£Ҫħ˫Ŀ¶ɱѾѹϼû뵽ȴ谭򳽻ԣһɭ
ԡϼҲǳһû뵽˾ȻְԼɻ󣬷˾ǳԣԾû뵽Ҳˡʮ𾪣û뵽ȻܹԣҪ֪ǰԲ߽׵ʦȴѾɳΪܹħ˫Էˣֱǲ˼顣
ϼû°ɣԼϼ԰ףĺܴ󣬶ҼͷһӡѾ飬¶һƬѩ׵ļɷˣƯȣʳڣѹֻᱻħ˫Ӷϡ
û¡ϼħ˫һۣ˵ߣ˵Сģħϯ洫ӣħ˫ӣһǰͻ˾Ž׵ʦʦֻǷ֮£ʵܹӱȼ
֪Ե


635 
ϼĿ˳һۣĿâûж˵
Сӣ˭Զ˫ۣҾ㲻ħ˫ӽ̤ħƣħϣħƺ֣ͬħһ㡣
ƵְɣһƽĿ⿴Զɽ壬ŨҵƵϢۣƥ˵ɽ壬ԣƵȴڴ˾ˣƵоͱ˽ȵˡ
ħ˫ӳħţȻ֪ɽĴڣԺĿ֮һΪ˻ƵɽϿɣ˿˳⻰æͷȥȻмƵѾƵɽ壬иһ޵оŽ׵ʦִڡ
ɫһӾĿ⿴򳽻ԣ˵Сӣˣ´㣬ûôˡ
ৣ
һħ磬ħ˫Ƶɽȥ
ԣллˡϼ˵ǰӣһŷһֱĸо΢΢졣
Ǻǣ˵ڰһҪлѣͲÿˡԺǺЦϼһ£ȣˣ˵ûмǴĻϼҲƵɣ
ϧħ˫ʵǿ󣬻ƵɽϿϣãϼͷһ̾۾һ˵ҲΪ˽ɽɣ
šԵͷ˵ɽ岢ʵǿͿԵõɽϿɣδûпܵõϿɡ
˵ĲϼԵͷ˵Ҳ־ᶨߣȻ׳Ե˼Ǿһ˵ȻˣҾڴ˷ֱɣϣܹõɽϿɡ
áԵ
ˣϼһ⣬Ƶɽȥ
ջĿ⣬һΣǰɽ塣
壡
վڽɽ£Ծ͸оѾһɽ壬һϹͥĽ
޼᲻ݣһǰ
ǽ
Ҫߵľһ뽣ɽ壬ӭһɼǿĽ磬и
ԱǽţȻ㽣磬ڳǳĽ߽⣬߳ȥͬһ㣬ڳǰһΪ
ɽ壡
죬⽣ɽϹŴ֮̺ϽܹõĴУһܹΪ͡
ҵΪľǳΪһͣĻ᲻ܷŹ
ڳԽ뽣ɽ岻ãΪٵŵӿ
һǽͣǾŽ׵ʦҽ޿ͬ޵УǵʵǼ޾Ž׵ʦ
Ƕ˳ԣûᣬУýɽĴвҪ顣
һȺҲͼõɽĴУҲûȥõʱһֻٽ֮Ӱ뽣ɽ壬ӡԪˡ
ˣ
˾
ߣΨһһˣ⽣ɽ֡
ϧ˽ǿˣǻýеĻСܶˡ
£ʵǿܹýɽ崫УҲֻô˻ýɽϿˡ
˵ǣǲ
ЩŵȻʵ֮һӣҲһ£Ͼߵʵ̫ǿˣȫʵᶫһһ͵ʸ
罣磬ƥУͬһһ£޽ԣҫأ޾Ž׵ʦŻδӦͱ롣

˼ˣһ
ľ͸ҹɭȻ˵
˻һ˾ÿ
Ҳע⵽ӣѾߵɽɽȻûͣµĵ

û뵽Լϣһ£ֱ
أ
Իһǵһ𣬺Ȼ
ЩΪԻµ˶һ
˭սӣ
ܹһ޵оŽ׵ʦɣֻǲ֪һɵӣ
ʵǿӶ֡
۷׷ס
ԵĿһۣǰС
ɫ˲ɱ¶
ʦ֣ŵӡ࿴ųһۣ˵
˺ǵһΨһһ͡ԪĿһ˵ڵҲʦǰֱдҴʦֳֽѵѵ
áӵͷ˵
ʦ֡˵
ӵ׷ߣûʵǲеģһûȤһӴϵ
ԣĬȻ¡
ߣ
ԪõɣĿ⿴򳽻ԣèϷһ㣬һ˫һչһֻӥ򳽻ԡ
ڽӵԪ
Ȼʵӣȴ޵оŽ׵ʦʵǿֺˡ
һ֪ССɵӣӣɡ
˿򳽻ԵĿⶼͬ飬֪Ҫ
Сӣҿڵӵкν
ԪһЦڳǰƸ߸һ޽ȻĽ⣬һԲ򳽻ͷ
㻹ûʸ񡣡Ե˵
ԪɫһƱ貽⣬һӿҪ롣
㡣֪ڵӣҳֽѵ£ȻûкɫȻһԲҪɱԼȻǶɱ⣬һƺϣһϯҪԪ
ͣ
ԪûǻƣǸоһɼǿĻһתһȻӿģɫһƬ󺣣򳽻ԡ
ˮ
ˣˮ˻
̱߽⡣


636 ûʸ

һ̣ԪɱҪɱԣǽѵ
ϣ
һ죬齣䵽ģԴ飡
أ
潣һ㣬˫ͬڵһ㱬ըһޱˣֱǽԪ˳ȥ
ʲô
ŵӳԾӺ˶һȻûϵԵʵ֮ǿȻԪս൱
û뵽һţһţһţ֪ʵΣ𾪣˵
Ȥǹһȣ˸ŻްĹâ˵ʵɻ
ɶСӣԪоζըˣ˸ɱһһɫ䵽УԵݳһ죬һ򳽻ԡ
Դ׹Ⲩ
飬һ䣬뽣Уһ죬ͬһ㣬˳ȥ
¡
ըԲʮһա
ʲô
Ԫû뵽ԵĽԼȻֵסһҧʩչɱСת

ɫӳԪڱӿ޾ˮ罭ϣ಻
¡
һǽ˲仯ɫһЯˮÿתһΣתŴΣµĻϯɢȥ콣ܵɽʯ˲仯ɷĩµ˼㡣
ء
׹ⲨͬڵһǾתϣֱӾһ춯صĴըþòɢ

תŴΣ˲ȫﵽ㣬򳽻ԡ
⣡
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬Ծţ齣һɫâǣǳ֮ˮһ㣬һ˸߹һˣڿռ䣬¡ͣ
¡
ķˣ޴Ģơ
ط·ֻʣһ
ء
ײһƾУͬʱɢ
ʣ
Է·ϵһ̣𣬾һͱƽԪ
һ
ͣ
ԪӦʱ䶼ûУ۰һѪ
ɶ񣡡
Ԫŭˮ죬Ա룬¡ʮɣһˮ˺ҧ򳽻ԡ

ʮɽͬһء
֮⣡
ҲȲٶȼ죬˲Ԫϡ
һҽУ׷˳ȥ
أ
ͬʱһ׻⡣
ۣԪˤڵϣ򳽻ԣһѪŭɱ
˵ûʸ񡣡Եĵ
˻
ִԤϣޱȣû뵽һ֮ȻԪ˵ȥԲţǰһУȴǣʵˣӭųԵĿ⣬¶¹â
ɫ˲
ʦ֡Ԫһ֪ӶԳɱ⡣
Ȼֻ߳Ŀͱ˵Ŀųԣ˵ܹԪŵӹȻӣ
ԡ˫΢УϸоһΣϢڷ϶ûиоģʵĺˣ
ӡӾͬ򳽻Ŀ⣬ͺڿԼĳһ㣬˵ʵԸⷢЧң͵ΪֹһԽڣ򡭡
˵˴ӺٺЦ
ΣԷʵ
Ԫ³³ɭɱɭȻǿƣһԲӦҪɱơ
˵Ŀ⿴򳽻ԣ֪᲻᳼ӡ
ԣΪŵӦúڷڣ㳼ʦ֣ڣ˵һĺ£ԴҲԵõ֮ĺôҪѵ
ͻʦҲҳĿһĿӣﲻ˵˵
ʲô˴󺧣ʧͻʦ
ܣô
찡Ȼͻʦ
ʦǿǿߣû뵽ӾȻڲؾͻˡ
ǰȻʦǿ޷ؾȴͻʦ
ӲҶ֣һϢ©һʱͻᱻͳؾΪؾĹǲΥġ
ѹûг֣Ԫֽѵ»ֻû뵽Խѵˡ
۷׷ףӵĿⶼ𾪺ͼɵ
Ȼ㿴ˡ˵һƽĿ򳽻ԣ˵ҳԾһŽ׵ʦȻܹҵľ硣
ĬȻ
ߣҸղ˵ĻȻı䣬ңӺ˵Ȼ޷ʹʦʵҪɱ㣬Ǻܼ򵥵ġ
ԡԲ˵ңûлýɽϿɵĻᡣ
㡭ɫһֶԸԣȻһǿĽɽһµ꣬˱һɢ˫ĽϢŴˣɫһ£
ӣû뵽ҲˡǾ޽ϯӽ£ЦĿٿȻ䵽˳ϣ䣬ǳԣҰɱģ
Եĵ
ɫһ㶣ɱһƺ£Ҫɱԡ
Դ齣
һ齣ն
꣡
иһΪ϶£ն˳ȥ
ۣ
齣һƿӡţĽǳһűӡ



637 ѹȽ
δ䣬һ죬һ޽˸޻ڵһâ¶ɢĽķݺݵĳųԼѹȥÿһ졣
Դ磡
һƽȻ壬ʹУ̱ýУһ£ĽһϯԲʮɿռ䣬ɳʯľɣ龰µ˼㣬ýɫ䡣
ŭȥ
ؽ
һͬһڽǰΡɽŨĴϢɢ˺һڴصĲɣϢ͹ϢһѾǵԽ̺˴ص
꣡
һѿһɽۣӳȥֱһСɽ塣
䣡
ըƾվףʱ𣬾춯ء
׽⣡
絹ˮһ㣬׽٣˲併ڳܣ飬Ѿɫ䣬֪ҰһŽ׵ʦΪλڳԵһ߽׵ʦϣΪʵΪĸߵȥ
ѾڣӦöýɽĴУɱԡ
ڳֳʵڶʱɱǶʦҶãΪ֪ؾĹʼն޵оŽ׵ʦʵҲ޷ѹƳԡ
˵ĻӾˣϾǰߵʵǿ츳ѣ벻ýɽϿɶѡ
ԣ⡣
¡¡
ؽײڷ׽ϣը𳷲񷣬춼㲨ˣ·ˡ
ৣ
˳Ƶɳȥ²մ壬Ȼһû˵
ʵɿһߣ
ʱѾȫͣ˵ϡ
ԴԪѾǹˣû뵽¾ȻҲ޷ѹҪ֪ºԪǲͬεľŽ׵ʦ֣һ֣ܹӣﲢеĴڡ
û뵽ԾȻƽɫȻнûʩչȫĿܣѾ˵ʵ
ԣ˿Ŀ⣬ҲǾ壬мɵ
Ķ֣ɲǡ
Ӽɫһйâ˸
ǰɣʵѾõҵϿɣҰҲ๼͵Ϊֹɡ¿򳽻ԣ˵һӦӡ
ϧʵûеõҵϿɡҡͷ˵

ʱѾжʮɽ壬Ŀ˳Ժͽµһսû뵽ĵ˲û뵽ĩŵĵӾȻһݵӣֱǴ̼ǵ񾭣ΪʵǿԴĿˡ
ã̫ˣˡԭΪԻòϾǾ޽ϯӣʵû뵽˲ӣֱϣޱȣһýɽ崫еĻʾ͸ˡ
˳⻰ɫʱǰδе˫ĿͬħԨһ㣬˵ãܺãһɵҲҺô˵ĪҽѾΪ˿۵ô
ˣ
һɺ粨ĽӽɢʰԲųֶȥ
¡
ƴޱȣ˽һĽƣɱУһĽ͸޷ֵɽƣѡ
⽣˳ǧףŸͣ
ɽƵ֪̩ܿɽΡ룬Ȼޱȡ
ӶݣΪҲһͣȻԸоɽƵǿɫҲͻʦ漴ҲãһҳɱСˡ
ȻʵӿɲһսԼϣԼ澡ʧ˵ֱܴ衣
ԣֵüɱԡ
һڵӣûп
˵ԪȻҲǷߺ޲ѣҪɱԣ¶һĨɭȻɱֻҪԱɱеһڶҲǳˡ
ȻԳԵĸоûеԸֹµĵز
ο¿Ǿ޽ϯӣʵھܹȼģǶһһ
໹ܺᲢۣȫûпɱԡ
ŵӶһɫĿųԣҡͷ̾Ϣиʱ²ãӣֵ｣£ֱ벻С
ڳûһ˿óԡ
ֻͦΣϢϻۣƣͬĽϢӿӿϣ罭֮ˮͷ죬Ųȴأϻ۽ƣ˾ͷ·һҪıնһС
ʡ
ڳϣԽӹһĽ
¡¡
ɽײһ׺
˾ķ֣ԵĽƾȻܹͽ¿⣿
ôܣ
ͷ𾪵ԸӣӶƤһѵԼ͹
Ԫ˶Ǵ󺧣û뵽ֵܹµĽƣƾһУͲǿġ
ԣɲǲ𾪡
ô
˶ɻ󣬲׳һ֮ôܹͽĽűȼ磬Ҫ֪ݣ۽ڵһߵˣн£⣬Ҳһλо޼ڵĽ޼
Ƕһͬ㣬һţǰĳȻǡ
벻׵ĵط
ΪһźͶţͲǺţӵмǿ츳Դվ޵ģ߳һԼ
ȻΪܹͽһսע˽յĽ֣
һ㣬û˻ɡ

һЦûΪԵֵסĽƶɻһӣ磬һɽ磬ޱȣиľ˲仯ĩԴϯֽ⣬εķʽԡ


638 µķ
һУɱУĨɱ޾Ž׵ʦ
Դ׹Ⲩ
һһ㶼Ҵ⣬ǰδе棬Ϊоĳµֱȷ衢ǿһߵĶ֡
һս֮ս
ʧܣԾûл·
֮սܣҲûɷŹ
УһѾעֵĶԾ֡
Ȼ͹˳ԵʵҲ⣬ΪԼʩչɱУɱԣû뵽ԵɱҲޱȣԼ£ӼᶨɱԵ˼
¡
ѧȻҲԡ
ȻΪͨԣҲǹǿĽԣԷƵԣءɣû˻ɽµʵԽҲ֮
ԴˣԾû
Ե֪ģˣֳһǲܵġ
ǣһԣôн͡
һ£صɢһɲɵֵƣͷ·ⲻһһɽһҪѹĸɽ
һó˴
ɣ
·˻һ£ɽѣʯգֱһѡ
հν
Ա֣ϸ˿һ㻷ܣ
齣ջأ˲ӳ
һĨһš
ͣ
صԽֽмһ飬˽ǰͫţĿŽǰ£ۣһѪȾߡ
أ
Ѹһ¡

´𣬾޽ȻķǰˣҲǱ齣С
飡
齣նھ޽ϣ׺
ۣ
һѪ嵹˳ȥصһء
ɽϣѻȸ
˵ĺ
ܣô
ûɣ±⳽Դˣ
찡ʲôʱҶǿƵĽͣʲô
ůڽɽ崵ȴñ䣬ųԣ𾪣˶ס˵ǰж¶𺧣ôû뵽ԾȻܹܽ¡
עеĽ֣ȫ෴
ǲš
ڷŵӵݣɫһãĪ˵һΣлᴳأع鱾ڣ
һ̣ʹΪӵӶоһΣ
˵㻹ûʸ񡣡ޱ飬ֺ飬Ž£˵Ҫ۵ġ˵ţƳһԪͽ¶ˡ
ɶ񣡡¶ɫʱ޲ɱԣľ棬֪Խµʵ޷ܳԣֵĻһǣɽĴУʦʵͿɱԡ
һΣһҪɱ㡣ɫ仯ʮΣûж֡
һ㣬Զͣһɱ
ĻĶ֣ԻԼʳѰ
ԣ
ʱ»ҲϵĽһۣǰδеͬһһûκεĺ¡
ԣɫһ
ǡ
˾ѵҪʦǿߵʵ
ѵƤһµĿ⣬һ˿Ԫһۣҧߣ˵գͷҲصɽ嶥ȥ
ԪһҲڴˣ̸ǰȥ
Ҳߡ
ڳ˶ˣҪʦʵˣڴ˹սΪ˽ɽĴУڳԵûһϵ
ˡ
ĿĶųԣпһ㺦£ʧˣԺƽƽо£ܹĸоﾹȻһִԼĶʦʵҲɱԡ
ôܣ
ͷԺ¾ͻ֮ȥ
ųԣϵɫ仯һҧԣҾͷŹ㡣
ôҿɲŹ㡣һЦ˵Ҳɱһʦǿߡ
ʲôⲻܣ⻰Ľ¾ټӿ죬˫۲˼ĿųԣеĿֻţЦ˵ƭҵĶԲԣ
㾡ܿԡԵ˵һӴľһε
ôܣ¾ķ֣ԼľȻԵľûһ˿¶˻ң¼ڿˮ˵㵽㲻ҪˣǾ޽ϯӣɱҰ򵥣㲻ԼҲҪš
вңɫһһ£ǾǿͬһεĴɽѹڽµϣ÷ֺͷð亹ƶСĺչ䡣
ʣʣʣ
һ̣ڽµԺܼ籩һĽ;ѹƣ÷ֺ
ͨ
˫ȴ˵ϣһд˿־壬ԸӦҪ󣬲Ҫɱҡ
ãҴӦɱ㡣ͬ˼Ž£˵뷢Ĳ˵֮£нĴ̹
ãһҧ̷ħԣԼĴҲҿһۣĶӡ
֪ĽѾһˣĽԴڳԣֻҪԳԣͻ֮£޷׷𽣵
󣬳ԽΪجΣжǿԳԵûС
˵ԻٵĽ֮ġ
ⶼȡġ


639 ־
գĴûϸ˷嶥һۣһӶȥ
ɽĴУԿɲ
嶥һΡϢ϶ɣ·بѴ档
ȴŴ󿪡
棬ŶʮŵӣǶǽ͡
ǵϣһ㽣⣬Ϣƴ󣬱ǡ
ǰһʯ
Ȼֻʯӡͨȴһʵڵĸо
ͬʱʯϣԸоһǰδеǿϢ
ǣһֻڽϢȫڽ
ʯ
ɨһۣ˺ȻУɱˣóԸо˼ǣԼȻǷֺ޷ʩչ
ɫãҲͷɱ˵Ĵ㡣
Ȼڴ˽ǰʯеĽܵκ˺Ҳʹ㿴ԼܷһεĽС
ΪѾ֪ؾÿһοֻһ˻ĴУͺñȭƵֻһ˿ԻôɽҲˣӵʮˣֻһ˿ԻǰʯĽ
ʯ̺ĴеǺԾͲö֪ˡ
һУҪȥʯĴС
գһֵλãϥ¡
ˣ
ڳֵ˲䣬û˿ʯȻһһӳüһû롣
¡
ֻһоԼõһδ֪硣
ǰһƬδ֪硣
վһˣͦΣƳƮһʽӵıͳڴڼʯһ޶
վϸоκϢͬһͨһ
Ŀ⿴򳽻ԣž޲
Զʱ˫ۿնо˶ˣб֮趯һһʽޱȣˮȴо˿ųжȣʱʱ죬˸ʧ
һĽС
û˿Ķͬһͨ轣һ㡣
ԾһԹߣڸҿ轣
ֻһ͡
轣ƮÿһĹ죬ûһ˿Ĺɿԣͺ轣һ㣬˸о˿洦
Ȼ죬һʲôûп
ʱ·ѾֹͣʱһŹĽУԶһڹۿһ
ζģǷϵĸоڳ
һ趯ĽУУҪ뿪
һ̶
Խӵķ꣬ǲ
֪ǿŶԽֵĺģȻһ˿ɶͺž޲ɮһ˿仯
Ȼֻһ˿Ըо˹֮
ԣ
ʶ˹֮ۿһ轣ôฺ
ѵǿ飿
²⡣
ǲǿ飬ԶԼܾʹ˰
Լһͣ
ͣһǰĽ͡
ĸ޷ܣô̸ʲôΪһͣ
԰⵱һο顣
ꡢաฺ˳Եϡ
ԺһӳΪһŽجǰ·һƬڰ֣
ͷ·һ޴ԼС
־
һ̣־벻á
ڳϣͬڰеһյƣڳԵǰָǰ
ƽϢͬһͷҪޣܵǣ
һ̣־Ҫԡ
ǽ־һ̣˲˼ãָһһ⣬ָоͺñһںڰľߣͻȻǰһ˿һһ
һǰδеĸоǳûᵽġ
ģо־ǿ
ָо̩ͬޱȡ
׽־
Ľ׽־
׽־
˲Ϣ򣬳ԵĽ־ﵽס
ʦߣ־Ķˡ
ȥĻȻһ𶯣ΪڵʦһΣܹƿ־ߣͼϡ٣ܹ־ϵߣݶǷëǵĴڣһУҪ鹦һ컯
Ǳʯġ
ԽһУҲɽĴУǶ־Ŀ飬ͨˣܴܽС
Ȼǰһʧ
轣˶ˡ
ǰһʯ
ݣ
ֵʱһǳĹʯ˸û볽üģһš
ˣ
һڳԺȾ
׼ȷ˵һӡ
һӡ
СڳԵʶ
ɻ
ʱӾͬһ㣬ѿɳ
һδ֪Ľڳڵ֫ٺѪʶһ档
δ֪ء
ԳԵȻ޷Ϥ
ĸоڵʱ򣬷硢ͬһ㣬ԶԶĶһ𣬿ơ
ͷ𾪿֪
Ҳ˵ǷȻеٮٮߣˣȻ޷ֵδ֪ϲܿ⣬˿жǿˡ
е޷Ա֪ʲôĴڡ
һУ˵ǿ
Ҫϻãȴ޷ϵ
ѹеɻ
¡
ڴʱһɺƴڳһ죬ʶһоԼǰδеǿ
һʦ
û뵽ںϣԼ̾ͻƾŽ׵ʦϣʦС


640 
ȻڶʱʦӦ뿪ؾ֮ʵû뵽Ȼͻƣɾʦǿߡ
ˣҲƵǿˡ

ͻʦ˲䣬ԸоԼָ˶Ŀƣ˫ִۣѾһˣԼһεĽɽϿɣѾͳȥˡ
գҲ̲ס¶һĨЦ⡣
ؾڣκˡ
Ҳ֪ؾĹʦߵʵһʹãһھͻᱻͳؾ
߳˿ԻҰգʱ䣬Ѿǵˡ
죬ؾŹرա
գԾһҹʱδ֪𽣹⡣
ʦΣҲֻƷϽѧܹӳӦеʵˡ
ƷѧûмǲƷѧҲЩһźͶŴڰɣ
󣬳ڽɽвٳһɽУʼδ֪뽣֮С
ɵĴڣ֪
ϻãѯδ֪
ϻϹ飬ʶ㲩Ȼδ֪Ҳһҡͷ˵Ϸ飬󷨾ͨȴ˽ⲻ࣬ʷ񣬱ϾǷӡ飬˽Ϸ֪öࡣ
գԻ
ˣͻʦˣоڵϲ̫ˣӽ˾ͿԷӳӡĳˡ
š۾һԣ̤ʦſɷӷӡһһϲһԼֶһƣҪ֪ӡҪʦΪſʹãֻǳʹãܹһܡ
̵Ҫ󣬾Ϳӡ
ԣԸޱȡ
û£÷оڵ
ǡһʣͻȻʧˣôӵﻹ̫˼ˣôܣ˲Ųʦô
Բ
˵ĿǴ˵жȻ֮ϻͻȻҲǾ˵
ࡢ޺ųƶֻ֮ʦܲſ𣿡һ𾪵˵ңˣʦ֮УҲֻƮ֮С
ΪϹ֮ʱʦܣָҼеģҲָ֮⼸ˣһ´˵գ뿪½ǰ߲ε硣𺳵˵ǽҾԲţ˾ȻʦҪ֪ҼǰһҲû򰡣
ӡǰһˣʦܣǾԵĸǴǿߡ
ԣ𾪿֪
ֱסˣе޷ݡ
ùȥԲŻָ˫ȭգĿļ㣬˵ôʮ㣬ǰδеİԵ˵Ǿҳ񻰰ɣ
ˣܹʦղô㽫ĳɾ;ԲͣԳΪĸգǰߡҲһƬ鼤˵
ǰϷܹҲ֪½֮磬Ĵڡϻøп˵
һ֤ɣǰδеǿǳ־ӵļᶨ·׵ĸо΢΢һЦڸղŵһ˲䣬Ե־ȻԽףﵽ˶׵ĵز
Կʼ𽣹⡷
ͬʱ뽣֮УԵĽС
ʱ仺ţ֪һҹȥ
Ը˲ལƣԼལ
ȻֻͼĽУٷƷнѧ
һ㣬ǳԼûϵ

Խ磬һŷɽȥ
һ·ϣһˣȻӵѾȥ
ȻҴ⣬ϾΣ˭Ҳ֪ж٣һ·ͨɽ
ɽϹԺﻹֻԺΧѣԺڡ
ɽɽǧʮ֮㣬ҲԽľϹŵǿ
ৣৣৣ
ͻȻǰӰɽ˸һֱͦɢǿıѩĿųԣ˵˵ûԣȻûнս
࣬վˣ޵оŽ׵ʦʵǿ
֣һʦһս
ԣ˿򳽻ԵĿⶼǲмɫư·һƾͿɱ
ǹ޵Уѩ޺ۣ
ĿһɨĿ䵽˵֮ϣ˿Ĳ˵ÿҲɱˡ
ʲô
ѩ޺ɫ䣬򳽻ԵĿ⣬ɱ¶
ԣȻǲ֪ǲǸʱѩ޺Ա߳һˣһϮۣתһɽѵƵĿƽ򳽻ԵĿһ˿أΪȻоԵΪ
˭ʵǹ޵кǰ˵ʵǿųԽ硢ӵ˵ʵ
ڣѡһƽ˵
ԭ㡣Ȼûм洫ӣҲ֪ʵǰеĴڣϯ洫ӣȻ壬˵Ȼˣÿɣ
ʲô
ѩ޺۵ٴɫ䣬ǹ޵кѶ˶ɫһѿĿųԣǹ޵һ̤𶯣ʢ˵Ŀųԣ˵ԣĪ㻹Ϊ̫߲ɣһˣһΣҿܣ
ߣҲӲˡѩ޺ܸԣɫԽͱ˵˵


641 ޵оŽ׵ʦ
Ժ˵ȻҪͿɱˡ
ҿǹ޵˵˵䣬һͬһɺڷƽԡ
ϣ
һ죬һںڷĺǹУ͵һӣʮǹ⣬һںһʴˢ·Ҫûһ㡣
˼ǹ޵г֣ɢΧ
Ȼһ˾Ҫɱԡ
ৣ
ĿһɨȻȻ壬齣ֱһնֱͬѿһ㣬Ǵĺɫǹ⡣
أ
ǹݺײһ𣬾ͬըһ㡣
ɨǧ
ǹ޵лǹѾǹ־ȻֻһףʵѾǱͨ޵оŽ׵ʦǿһҲӥϯ洫ӣɫǹǹӰɫӳˢ
¡¡
ǹܣɫǹΪģ˷ϯʱǹӰǧһ㡣
ལƣ
һΣʩչ˲ལơ
ⲢɱУСżǿĹƣһȴͨޱȣ·ѾΪֻһһû޾ǹӰ֮Уǹ˲߽⡣
ͣ
ལնͬʱγһõĽƿռ䣬ǹ޵δܷӦʱ򣬽Уǹ޵мҲһس䡣
ʲô
ǹ޵ɫ䣬Ҳɫ䣬Ҫ֪ǿʮǹ޵еʵ޵оŽ׵ʦҲǰУû뵽ȴЩڳһ¡
һۣ˶ӱ˴пһЩ仯
ֻһ˲ָ˾޵оŽ׵ʦһ𣬾һףʦҪռܷâοһԡ
ֻѾһ˿ԤУҲû˵ֻΪԼˣϾԼǬԪһһǿߣǵһˣҲǵ֮Ͼǹ޵ǿһսĻӮҲҪһЩ
ԣûж룬ѾӳΧȦ
ѩ޺˼ˣҲСķߡ
ৣ
ǹ޵ٴʩչɱУɽһǹ̳ǹһ㣬ѹΪһ⣬ǹ־ļӳ£һǹӲһţ޷ֵһС
أ
ǹ˲ͣལƽ⣬ը

ǹ޵дϲһԾһǹ򳽻ؿڡ
ལ
ལƱǹ޵ƽ⣬ԲûʧɫǴϲû뵽ལƵ֮ԼֶһǾУǹ޵ٴʩչɱУ̽һ䣬ʩչལ
ৣ
ûκεϢʩչ͸ͨĽһ޶ǹ޵жΪ
ܿ췢ԼˣҴúס
һ
ۣ
ལһǹϣǹֱ߽⡣
ৣ
ལһǰš
ʲô
ǹ޵д󺧣ɫǹ
飡
ལڳǹǹ޵жʱоһֱۣһ͸飬¶˾â
ˡ
أ
һ˲䣬Ծͬһڵһȥ齣ͷ¡
أ
ǹ޵·磬δۣѪڷڣֵסһֻԳǹ̸ֵоһɽѹ£һ󣬵˳ȥ
ʲô
ѩ޺ɫ䣬ɫԳһĨš
һϡ
ǹ޵иоɫģųһ˵ԣжվڡ
ѣ
Ѽǹ޵аˣһǹ޵иոճ˲䣬ͳˡ
ѩ޺˽ں
ɱ
ɱ
տܣ
ӥţڵ½ӣڳ֣֮ӶʹӵǬԪһһ˵ĳƺţȻŭ洫ӣһֱѵһڲؾȻǲŹ
ǹ޵жܸ˳ԣѵǶɱ
ȳɳﻹӥźڵλã
ԣҪɱԡ
ѩǧ
ɽƣ
ˮڣ
ɽӣ
޵оŽ׵ʦͬʱ֣Ƴѧ֣Բʮɿռ䣬ľĻɽʯֱۣʯգѣ龰µ˼㡣
ϢӺɱһͨ޵оŽ׵ʦ֡
ǹ
ǹ޵˫Ŀɱ˸ĵǹ־ȫȻʵʩչɱУɱԡ
磡
⣡
׽⣡
˲ʩչУȻ޷ʦʵΪѡǹ޵˸߳һԼͬʽʩչԱȶԾ¡¶ʱǿһ
ȻǾ춯أףƴɱ
硢֮ߣ˻ϢͲбϢأ˳ɸߣǲƸһȥռ䱻գһգǹƣ˲ɫ䡣
ء
һըУ˶˳ȥ
ʵ󣬳֮ǿ
ֱţ
ѵͻʦ粻ɣ
ͬʱǹ޵кѶ˵Ժһۣ˱˴еľѩ޺Ҳ˲ԣΪǵ⣬ԲǾŽ׵ʦӵеңڳԵϣǸоǹʦѹ
ͻʦĿĶųԣʵʵ
ǹ޵˶ĬĿͬųԡ
ǶԸ𰸣ǰһУҲֻܹ˵
ǻ㲻ԼѾ³ҲЦ
ʲôͻʦ
ȻѾ˲²⣬Ƶð˾Ųʮ֪ϢǻǲţѾһͻʦˡ


642 ɱ
һ˲䣬Ѻǹ޵жɫһѩ޺ˣĿ¶һĨɵ
ߣͻʦΣڲؾܶʦʵһھͻᱻԶͳȥ޵оŽ׵ʦɱһ𣿡ǹ޵нѩ޺ɫս۵ףüͷһ壬էʱ˵
ɱѺ˵
ԣҲֻһˣɱѩ޺֪ԼѾԵˣŹԼ޿ܣ˻ɱ
ԣҲٳɣ¶һɱ⡣
ǶǼᶨˣȻѶ˵ĻԼ
οԼʹʦʵҲֻһʱ䣬޵оŽ׵ʦʵɱһոͻһʦˣѶȲ
ԣ˲ǷҪͬʱ֡
رƣ
ɳ
˾Σ
ͬʱ֣ɱ򳽻ԣÿһжǸ˵ɱУ
Ԫ
Լкһ¶һĨ֮ɫһһնɨҶһ㣬ǧһȦĽ˲ʩչԪռǦһ㣬
ͣ
ǹ޵ҳռ䣬ȴܾȻͿռȻĦƬ졣
ʲô
ô£
ɶʲôѧ
ѩ޺۵ʵѷǹ޵жһԾѾﵽʦĳԣȻ޷ֵ
ˣ
ڴʱһĽԳлͬʱɱѩ޺ˡ

Ȼѩ޺˸оһǰδеΣУͷ亹ֱð
ۣ
һжѾˣĽͬ绡һɨ˻죬ͼĵѪͬʱĿԴϣĹѪעȾѪ죬ľͷʬ嵹ǹ޵жǰ
ԣɱӥš洫ӣˣû˾͵㡣ǹ޵
ʵôôǿɫ䣬зԼ˴һʼ͵͹˳ԣˡ
㡣Ц
ңǹ޵кˣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬һˡ
ৣ
û˿ͣͣһѩϻеһ㣬ֱչ齣֮ɣɭ䣬һƬ硣
ͣ
ǹ޵еɴ۾ţԾȻɱԼڵϣһƬѪҺ

Ѽˣɫ䣬ӳҪܡ
ܵ㣿
һЦ磬һţ˲ͱƽѣ齣ɭĽ
Ҫɱҡ
Ѿ񵨺
ۣ
һ£Ѫעصһͷʬ嵹˵ϡ
󣬳ȡ˴Ժȥ
Ժܿ촩Ⱥ壬һƬĲݵϡ
¡
ͻȻϿһ𶯣ֻǰǧĢһֱϯơ
¡¡
һ죬ֻһƽ𣬲ԽԽߣʹﵽɸߣ̻Իͣ磬Ϸǳͬһ㣬ʥϢ
ս
Կű˫һУһƾâһۣ绡һűȥ
սˣ죡
սͻʦܷŹ
ԣսǲؾΪصĵطأͿԵõһͻʦֱһء
˲䣬˷ʮӰǸڸ洫ǰеʵǿӵ޵оŽ׵ʦΪѺ㽫ΪѹھŽ׵ʦֻҪؾͻʦ嶤ϵˡ
ৣৣৣ
Щŵӵٶȶܿ죬ֻӰս

ʱһڵӰӲԶˣſЩսżƵȥ
ħ˫ӣ
˴󾪣αˣɼħ˫ħ
ˣ
ӰУȻзѺ͵¶ˡ

ħ˫˫Ŀ䣬ħ罭ӻۣһ£Ѻ͵¶ˡ
ǧ
Ѻһһȭֲĺͬϯϲ
Ե
ɫ䣬վڷѺ࣬˫Ŵ󵶣һն£֮ͬˮһˢ¡¡ϯķһռ䱻롣
أ
ͬʱֵħ˫һУ춯صıը쳹汻ȥߣһ޴ӡһʮɵ۳ڴϣɢֲƵϢ͵Ϣ졣
ʲô
˵ȴ󾪣û뵽Ȼ˸Ҹħ˫ԡ
Ѻ͵һۣ¶صɫоħ˫ӵĿ£ԴǵĳԻҪǿ󼸷֣վͬһɽɢԵϢĿиӹâ·δǶ˷
ħ˫ӣ
¶˶֪ħϯħ˫ӵţȻǲҴ⡣
ҪǶ˾һѺ˻
ܹһƣҲߣȻ˾ٽһưɣħ˫˫Ŀޱ飬һͷڷħ˿˿ƵħͬһƣӰ޴ޱȣͬħ
ħƣ
ħһ£Ǻӹħ˫Ϣƴ󣬽ӻۣ˫趯ɽʧɫ޵еƵϢۣͬʵһ㣬ǿᵽ˼㡣
ͣ
ȻӿֲĻں棬һɺɫ۶γһ޴ӡȼգտռ䣬ֱǻһ硣
أ
ŷѺˣħ˫ǸֳһЦһƳŶź


643 սħ˫
ˡ
Һħ˫ԣҲˡ
ǰħ˫ӿܹ֮ͽҲӣ棬ֱ·
ŵԶۣͬĿ⿴ŷѺˣΪǻܹ
ã
Ѻ͵¶ᶨ֮ˣ־ǿ󣬵ħ˫һƣȴɫ䡣
ս
һҧ۳ϵϢ纣ϢԨ֮ȫ֣Զͬһ޴󱦵һ㣬â¶ҪնһС
ն
罭ӹ뵶УϢǣ´һն£ؼһ貵⣬ض·롣
ռ䣡
ͬʱѺʩչƣƵ־У۵޾ѹΪһ貵ĹΣӨӨģɢֲϢ·Ҫ硣
͡
ƾ纣ƿռ䣬ϿµĶϯȥǰռ̱ᣬΪһѩ硣
ͣͣͣ
ܺɫϯأһɫռ䣬ķһС
¡
ĩһ㣬ܺƴ󣬲棬һƣħ٣󣬾Ǳնͱռɱ߽⡣
ۣۣ
Ѻ͵¶ɫ䣬ֱӱ˳ȥѪ
֮Ҳԣǲ֪ħ˫ӹЮħħԵվڴ֮ϣͬϹħϢƴݵĿŷѺˣٴκһƣҪɱ
Ѻ͵¶˱ħ֣ãһֻ·һ
ݣ
˶Ϊ˽ɱʱ˵ʱ٣ʱ죬һЯϷâնһ¡
꣡
һ죬һƾƽˡ
˻
˾ǵһĿɿڴû뵽ʱ˵Ҳ֣ǲ֪ħ˫֮
ǲ
ʲôˣħ˫ͫ΢һɫĺȵ
ԶһӰХ
ԣ
˷ͣ£Ѻ˾;û뵽ǵ˾Ȼǳԡ
㣿ħ˫Ӷųԣɱܣȼա
û°ɣ䵽ߣʵ
û£ллˡѺ
û뵽㣬ģǶ˻ˡ´Ц
ȥȷ°ɡԵͷ׳ҩˡ
Ѻ͵¶ûоܾµҩ˲оƸԭ˲٣򳽻ԵĿ⣬һݸм
˭ȥħ˫һƣ֮
֪δѵ½ðǿ𣿡
Ҳǰɣܹƽħ˫һƣһ㣬ܹĶΪࡣ
˾ȣԾڳԵʵ²ݡ
ħ˫ӼԾȻȫԼӿֳɱ⣬ħƣϢԽǿΡɽһ㣬ˡ
ԣԴħ˫һۣ˵õƵɽĴС
ħ˫ӹЦĿƵ䵽ϣ˵ԣڵʵܹģ̹ҵǰõĻһҲɱ㣬ɱ
ûʵһƽĵ
ѵܣƾôܻýɽĴУħ˫ʵһۣɫ΢䣬˵Ӻͽ¶ˣǵòɽϿɡ
Ծ֪ˡɫ¶ֺĵ
ԣħ˫ɫ粻ǰͳԶݵĽ֣͸оԵʵϿ򵥣ڼȻһηӣǻɣǷõ˽ɽϿɣõĻҲõƵɽϿɣҪܳҲǺѵġ
ңսѾﵢ飬ʵǲ㡣
찡˾Һħ˫˵̫˼ˡ
ҿħ˫ѾһΣδ·磬ħ˫ӶЩɵ
ܹħ˫Ӽɵ԰ˣǶһһ߸ֱһϯ֮ء
򵥵ĶԻ𾪣û뵽֮ǿħ˫ԳϵĻǾԲš
Ѻ͵¶ȻҲе˼һۣǿ˱˴еľȣؾһУѾóԵʵﵽһ󼰵ĳ̶ȣԽԽ
ħ˫ڱŭҵҪǲĻ˽ɽĴС
˵գЯħ񱩵
ৣ
齣γһţٿĲ˼顣
ħ˫ʵǿõƵɽ崫еϿɣΪѾͻʦֻͳһûжʦʵΪǶ֪ȻҪһսҲûнսҪԿƳյһսȴԶ̽Ϊ
һ㣬ħ˫ӺͳԶ˶ղ
飡
ħ˫ɽħǣϢˣƾɽӣ籩ɻ
ৣ
齣ӰΣֳܲԣƻֺ꣬һ£һ
꣡
Ӱ磬µӡ꣬ȴûӡӡҲûκνӰ
ħ˫Ӽһһӣ˵ߣϣҾǶˣһΣҾֱɱǡ˵գջƣӽս
ûټ֣ۿħ˫ӽս
Ƕ˶֪˱˴˵ĴʵҪֳʤһһ̵顣
ˣҪģԶֲͣս
ħ˫ʧӣʱһ仰
ʲô
ħ˫ߺ󣬲ս⣬һƬƽ
紵
֮˲ŷӦĿ⿴򳽻ԣżɵ֮ɫǿǼħ˫ӵԸɱϣûкͬȵʵǲݵģȻòֻһԭԽ͡
Ǿǰˣӵкħ˫ӿʵ
仰˵ӵжһǿߵʵ


644 ս
˾ȻûǴеĿģ̽ս
ͻˡѺͻȻ˵
ʲôͫһ¶𾪣Ȼ֪Ѻ⻰˼
ҰˡԵ
û뵽㾹Ȼһͻƣǧĵһţҵ·ˡҲѵˣЦ˵ͻƺһս֪ԼǳԵĶ֣Ȼ˵⻰
áһӦ£õһɽˡ
ˣǾһսɡѺͷ˵
Ϊβ£ԻعһۣӰ
ҲûмѺҡҡͷ˵
ַģʵֻҪֵǲΣա˵Ҳһȥ˰ɡ
šԳ˵ȻˣҲȥɣ֪սкصĵط
ԣҲ뿴⴫еصжѡս߰˵
ԼûΪܸħ˫ӣһ겻ˡ
ܿ죬һ˽ս
һ̣˳һڡ
Ѿв٣ħ˫ӺȻС
Ըս̾һĿ䵽ϡ
ӣ
ȥֻĿ˺ȻӣԪվ
ȴ˺һһ£һ£ɽȻͬϢѾͻʦϢۺ񣬳˵ӵеˣɽӺӡ
˶ǰ棬˵ǵʵҪʤһ
˶ѾʦǿߣҪֳʤǼѵġ
ң˵Ĺϵô⡣
飬ȴ˸žâ̺ɱ
ӣ˾Ǹýɽ崫еˣӿ˳һۣûӣ֪ӵʵܹԿˣԲȥοڽϾȻʤӣõɽ崫еˡ
ڽ澹Ȼͽ¶ɽƤ𪣬촽ᱡ䣬˵ˣɲ˽뱾ڡ
˵òɽ˵ҵ뿴кʸýɽĴС
ڳϢɽ˶ûпѾͻʦ֪Ļ¾һˡ
ߡһ˵ȹأһҪúýѵ
ɽӺӶͷ
ħ˫ȻҲǴڣ˳һۣûж˵Ŀ䵽ϣͷЦãȻˣҾȥ̽һСӵʵʵ
Ӻħ˫ӣڳµĽҲС
վڽڴڵĳԣĿһȴһԲȻԵʵȻɵȻҲ˵ĻͷЦҿҪʯͷԼĽˡ
ӵ˶ûжֵ˼ǰ˼ŵսȻҲҲʹ죬۲
жʮţѾ˽롣
ע⵽ÿһϵϢͬһͣϣʮâϢҲ˵ʮŵĵѶߡ
ԣѡһŵࡣ
һ˵޵оŽ׵ʦѡ֮Ĺš
ΪѶԽߣõĽҲԽãƷԽѡ
Ѻ͵¶˶޵оŽ׵ʦʵȻ֪һУԺͳ˵һѡŽ롣
ͬʱ˶ʵѡš
ֻһΣѡĹδͨؿ飬ôᱻԶͳսòκ˵ÿһ˶ϸԼʵѡ񣬶¡ħ˫ǿߣѡ˵ڰš
Ҳѡ˵ڰš
Ԫˣѡš
ԡ
ʱһµϼ˲սǰ˵ƵɽĴбħ˫ӵõˡ
Ѿ֪ˡԿϼһۣʵѡһţ
ɡϼһ£ѡ棬򳽻ԣʵأ
ѡ񡣡Ե
ŶʵȫѡڰţȻھҲԣֻѶȺܶ࣬ѡھ͵ʮŵ˶٣ܹͨˣǷëǣָұϼţδһˡϼţ˵
šԵͷ˵Ƚȥɡ
áϼš

ʱһǿӿֻһ˴ڡ
Ƿ裡˾
ô£ôֻһֱˣһ꿴ŷյۣ𾪣ϯӣʵܹͽµ˱ȼ磬ôɥʧһֱۣʵǿһߣܹģҲֻڵĳӣڵڵԭƽнڵ彣ڵˡ
Ҷһ˵ʵǿѵһˡһɻ˵
һˣûܹ˷ˡԱһͬ˵
ߡһĿһɨٿȻ䵽˳ϣͫһһӾɭޱȣȴû˿ɱ⣬Ŀ˳һۣԣһսûн
ʱ㡣Եĵ
ˣ
ͳ֮עֻһ˲ͻһӰ˵ھš
ʲô
һĻ˴ʧɫ
˵ھţ
찡ĽھţôܣȻӵпӵ˵ʵͨھڵؿ飬ʼ㣬ѵܹͨɣ
һǷˣ򲻻ѡھš
һ֪ھ͵ʮصѶȣ򲻻ѡ񡣡
ڳ˶û뵽ھţԶ΢һʵԶֹԼĵ͡
Ȼ塣


645 
ৣ
һһʿİŮӳ˴޳پ£ϣһִϢ͸оҲʣ·Ļһ㣬ܹ︴գ˵ע⡣

һŵӵж¶˰Ľ֮ɫȴǲǰͬеһ֮ġ
ȻûмŮȴǶŵ¼ϼ
ڰѵһţ
֮м亱ˮ֮壬츳ףΪҵͻʦ˼ӡ
ǳԣҲһۡ
һͬʵǿŮˡ
Ŀͬˮһ峺ڳͣһ£Ϊڳŵ֮УֻΪʦܹڲؾ֮ͻʦˣţȻĹע
ֻԺûгԵӡ󣬾ͷ·ûһ
ӵһҲûиעźͲŵĵӣȻҲ֪
ֻͣ٣ͽĿŲ䵽ʮ֮ϡ
ͬʱ˵Ŀⶼ֪ѡһš
ʮ棡
˾ֻûһš

ȫȻû뵽һβؾȻѡ˵ʮţʵ̫˼飬ǰοؾҲûѡʮţǵھţֻôһѡ
һΣ·űһ㣬ѡھŵľˣڰŵ˸ࡣ
ڣǳѡʮŵš
˳Ծ
֮ǰûѡʮţͲö֪ˡ
Լˣھ͵ʮ֮䣬鿴̺
˭Ȼתھţԣǵʮ档Ƴԣʱ
ʲôЦƾҲѡţֱԲ
ǣҴδһŻ߶ŵĵӣǸʵš
Ȼ˸˵꣬Ȼֹ¶˲˼ɫͰ͵˵һţ
ôܣ
ǵʮŵľȣ˸𾪳Խ룬ΪǰǶһǿ֮һȴһŵӣݣǵλʵȫûпɱԣԶ˲侪ˡ
˲ķˣС׼ס
㿴Űɣò˶ʱ䣬ͻᱻͳȥ
ѻʯֲûУҲ⡣
۷׷ףóԡ
ţԸоԼ·
һ̣ǰһƬãã硣
վһʯ̨ϣԻܣ޷һУͷ·ܿռ䲻һ
¡
ͻȻһɼǿľȻѹƣڳϽ٣зһǰϢ

һû뵽һؾȻǾء
ɾڸˣҲڽľ
ڽľ
ˣо
Ҳо
ǽľ
·ɾԶԴȡ
ǽľΪĽ֮
ڶȭƵ֮УߵľͺñȳϣϣнȻʵڣϣҲǹ
ȻڳԵϣҲн
УԳԵĽǿӺͽ¶һ㣬ӳԵõɽϿɾͿԿˡ
Ȼڳϵɽȴǿױȣ˵ֻһˮĻɽǺ󣬶ҸΪľ⣬ӵŨңͺñȳһ㣬޷⡣

һǰ

ڽϢɽϣԸоĸͷ·һһСޱȡ
¡
ԵĽܵѹƣͷܵ˼㣬·ҪܲסһָоͬһɽѹԼϣ
·ʵһ㣬ǿĲ˼顣
ԴƣϯڵĽ
ڳԵĽͬеһҶۣʱбɵĿܡ

Ծ͸оɽͬһϯҪԼĽһ˺ѷεĸоԺ
оԼĽ߽⣬ʧ
Լ·Ѿǽͣһͨߡ
ɽڰ᳽Խ͵ʸ񣬽Ϊһͨߡ

ͷѡ񽣵׷Թ޻ڣҪ
ͬϸСĻ磬ǿĵǿ磬Ѱһ˿
ƾҲҵĽʸ񣿸ɢ
ڴĽǿ֡
κ˶ܣ
ԽķĻסԼĽ


ھ棬ͬһҰһ㡣
Ľĥ
¡
ǹɽݺѹҪ᳽Խ͵ʸ
Ҳʲô˭ԡԴĽǹɽѹ£һδվÿվһΣԽǿԽŨң䡣
¡
磬ѾΪľһ㣬¡
ҹ
ԴС֮Ȼ˷ݺݵĳɽ
ˣ
һ죬ɽȻԵĽʶ˳ȥ
˲䣬Իָ
˫ۣ˫貣Ŀ罣⣬·ǽһ㣬߱˽ľ
ĸоԼĽǿڽ׷󣬸ӵĲɶҡβɵ


646 ۽
ǰûб䣬һ·ȴǳǰ
ˣû˿ԥ˽ȥ
һأôڶֻǽأ߽־ˡһߴ·һ
߳·Ȼϡ
мǿĽ
꣡
һڽڳͷ֪ǽ꣬һ߲ʦ߳Լͽ꣬ǹߣǹꣻߣ۵ꣻƵߣƻ꣬ߣ۽ꡣ
ҲʦΪǿߵԭ֮һ
һ˵ֻ۳ʦ̤ʦǿ֮С
ʣս԰꣬޹ֺô֪ܾΣأȡŵͽܹɹͨսصˣܹ۳꣬ͻʦ
˵ؾǶǿĸ
ûвؾҲÿһ굮ʦǿߵ͡
һ㣬Կĸо
ڳʶڳ֣ʱȫһĲԼĿƣȻȻͲ
ͷ·һ㣬ٴء
ȻѾ̺˽ȻǿȲСľͬϣ޷
аǣаǡ
Ϊͣ㽣ǣӵнƣһǰһеķâ

Ҳһķڽֵ˲䣬ԾȻȻķ
ʵ۷壬춷һǿ
ңµĻǾѾɥʧߵʸ񣬸Ϊһ͡


һһǿ
ʹʤǿӣСսǿսʤ
ߣĽ͡
һǰ
ҲҪҲҪ
䣡
ڳԵĽڽѹ£ۣͬһ־ˮһ֮󣬸ӵľ
꣡
ڳԵĽĽѹΡ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶á
ʣ
ڳռڣγһĳΡ
꣡
Դϲ֪Լ۳˽ꡣ
䡪
һɼǿĽڳɢһɲ⡣
ԵĽѹ²ˡ
ӶԴ˵ڶء
Ƽ򵥣еֻд֪ûжļֺĪǸ޷ɹغء
˵һ
ܹɹߣǶִŵˡ
˫ۣȻȻûо֮ǰǿھԼ
ԵĽ껹ֻһζѣҪγɼ꣬ʱա
ǵأ
־ء
ͳԶԣ־ߣ־ΪǿΪˣųޣ־֮ʱѾǸǿˣҲΪмǿ־Բߵʱա
ͬҪߵĸԶҲҪǿ־
ŵ˵׿ԣ졢϶˵־ΪǷѺ¡˶в硣
ԣ־أûǰصĽţѡ̹Ȼԡ
־Ѿﵽ޾һеĵزͬһ㣬һǰη塣
ǳԵ־
ͬʱҲĽ־
־ڳϵʱ򣬻ڳԵĽ־Ȼδķ
Ľ־ͬʯһ㣬ɶҡ
־ǿ硢ꡢڳԵĽ־ֺ
ˣ
Ȼ䣬ԾԼĽ־õ
ָоͻɽһ㣬һֽҪƿշȥĸо
һף
ף
û˿ͣͣԵĽ־˲Ϣף߳һףǳԶû뵽ġ
ϲ㣬ɹؿ顣
˫ۣ˷һ
¡
ռһ𶯣ֻһųڳǰ
˽ȥԼһʯ̨ϣһҩƿһһѧ
۾һǰȥҩƿһʱʧԪ
򱦽ѧ伮ҲǾȣƷƷѧԾ˵
ԪƷҩ
ֻһãǾǴ˵ͻʦĻʣ˵޵оŽ׵ʦ´˵ͻʦ嶤ϵ飬ƷƷѧûҲƷϽѧѡ
ǰƷƷѧΪ֮ʹõģֻ˲ܹӵС
ݳ֪ǰǿƷѧҲֻôָ׶ѡ
볽ĵˡ
ڳ˵ĻǣƷѧΪѾͻʦԪ˵ͬߣƷ齣֣ҲͲҪˡ
ʶƷѧǳصġ
ȻһжԴڳڵģԾԵýЩ㣬ˣͲһˡ
˵ܹ˲ؾͻʦˣֻôһСֶѣ͹ԳԪҪˡ
Ʒֱһɱ֮ĴڣǶЩһźͶҲǲ࣬мУ̶Ȳ
һƷѧ
ǳԽؾõıŶڵѧƷ
ģƷҲֻƷϽѧѣԳԶѧΪĿء
Ԫͱѧ伮
ܽƷѧʮأʦ߿
;˴޷󼰵ġ


647 ֪
ȫ飬ͷһ󼤶⡶ܽԿԳΪԼǿ֮һ
ѶҲǲͣԳԵĽ츳Ҳֻһ֪ѣҪʱա
ȴ˷ܣ봢Уŷ

ͬʱھڣڡ

ݣΡ
һҪɹԣһҪ㡣迴ԼյۣĿһŤ˫Ŀļᶨѹ
һһη
Ҳ֪ȥãǵ˵ϣʱ򣬲֪ԼѾɹ˵һء
ԣһҪ㡣ĿᶨεȻڶء
ʱֻһ뷨ǾǴܳԡ
ͨؿ飬һֻΪܳԣ

ͬʱս⡣
վ֮⣬ŰΧ
ߣһΣҿܣ˵
Ǻǣ㽫һף涼⳽ԶȻĶ֣һҪúýѵѵЦǺǵ˵
ڣֱǲ֪ɽ˵
Ԫվ࣬ǰĿ¶˵ԣһΣһҪһѩǰܡΪѾͻʦʵʮ㣬Ҫԣйͷ֮ޡ
ΨһƽҪӺԪϣȻʵǿܷܳԻ˵
ֻһ˲뷨Ͼӣڳʵ֮Ըһˣһٳɹ
ʱԪ˵λʦ֣⳽ĿˣСұڵӣʦҳֽѵ
ãͰ˵Ԫ̽·ʯ̴ӦϾóԲС
һԣҪɱұ֮һƽ˵
ɽӵ
һЩδܹأ߹صŵӣ˳棬ͷɻӵ˵̸󣬶֪⳽ǺˣȻ˳
һ³ѾԣٶԳԶ֣Ҳ䲻ʣΪͨ˹ſ飬ʵǿҲһѩǰܣԳԼɵѣҳ֣ڼҪѵԣȻǸޱȡ
ߡħ˫վڲԶûȥȴųԣҪһ֮
ͬԳԼɵԼʵõͻƣͨ飬Ҳ֪ܷ
̽·Ȼֵˡ
á
Ѻ͵Ѿͨ飬ΪҲѾͻʦʵҪԸ»ɫһ䣬һۣ˴е뷨
ԣ
һЩ֪ԽʮŵŵӶǸʮŵĳ𣿡
϶ˣôܵӵأ
ںϷˣղҲ鿴һ£⳽ԿŵӣȴڵķڣڵҪԸڵӣ;þʰ
ǰǳԿ湻еҴʮţҪ֪δʮŵˣɾͳӡԭƽ彣˰
ԴʮţһȻ
ҿԴûˣȻʮţĿˡ
ҿһˡ
һǿ϶ˡ
ŵӶһмóԿ֪
ӵţһͲм˵ǹ֪ģҲԼＸҴʮţֱǲ֪
ߣ˲ѵѵ֪жߣж󡣡˵
ҵҪɽӲм˵
ܣҴʮţ˲ɣħ˫ɫ䣬֪ھź͵ʮŵѶȣȻҲֻѡ˵ڰţˣҲǷȥȫ򣬲֮յļѶɹںŵѶɣ
⡭
Ѻ͵¶˶һԾû뵽ԾȻصʮţֱš
Ƕϣܹͨ
û뵽־Ȼʮţ׶ţ󡣡ԶһһŮվȻҷϼˣҷп˵Ըܹ
һԡϼ˿ɵ˵
šҷͷ˵ֻ˶ҪԸ֣׶༪١
ߣֻҪǸҳ֣ϼҲǡϼ˵㺦µĻʱɲس֡
ʲôҷŭֶо֮ҲҪһ֮οҲһӵʵ
áϼĿҷһۣ΢㡣
ৣ
ȻһǿĽԴڱ
˭
ǿ˵ע⣬׷׿ȥ
һ޳ƻֺ꣬ƮƮ׿ϴƮϢꡣ
彣
ʱ˾
ۿʮţû뵽ڲų֪سɹûУ
һǳɹˣϾ彣Ҷһǿˣһнɲһֵܹġ
ǰϢӣһǳɹˡ
һ̣ȫ
ӵ
彣ˣ֪ӴʦִɹûУ˵
ߣԳӴʦֵʵҪػ׾ٵ飿ɽ˵
ȻͬΪӣɽӵ˶ͬȵλ˴ˣΨһˣǾ֮ףӲӾķڷԸƺʦ֡
彣ɽ߳ţȻ˶Χܣһ˿ɫ
ʦ֡
ʱнŵӭ
š彣ͷʵôһ£
һۣŵϢ˵˳
ԣ彣δ˵֮˵Ҳѡ˵ʮţϲ¶һ˿Ȥɫ֪ӵҪѵԣ˵ô˵ҵ뿴⳽ԵʲôﾹȻܹӳԿ


648 
ʦ֣㴳سɹˣһʵ
ԣ彣ֻһЦ
ϲʦ֡˼˼æݵ
ˡ彣˻֣ߵһСɽԶۡ
һĻǡñ˿ǳһ
彣Ǵ˵ʮţ
һǲ˼飬Ҫ֪Σûһ˴ʮš
彣ʵ֮Ӻ˶ܹسɹ
ǿɲһսĿɲʵ־ʵǿ־Ҳǿ
ûۼһж֪²ˣ彣ΪϰһʮŵˣʵҶһ֮е⣬ڿѾܹһ￹ˡ
ǰһͻʦʵȻԶͬףԽսͬˮԷһ򵥡
𾪣û뵽彣Ĵ˵ʮţǲڴˣϾҲվڶһ۷ˡ
ৣ
ʱһӰӳ
һģͨʲ꣬ǳ˭
ԣ
ͬʱӵ˵Ŀϡ
ǣһƽȫϢȫޣͬһͨˣˮ©˼¡
˼ˣƤӶһ
㴳˵ʮţʵ
θɣЦӣ㻹ûȤҲٽѵѵ㣬ϣһܡ
ʲô
˻һ˴ʧɫĿųԺӶˡ
˵ʲôӱܣ
ûɣӲĶ֣ôܣ
һǼٵģôܴӡ
һ̣ۿǲţңϢʵ̫ˡ
˭ǿ֮һȻһλʵȴû˵һɣһźͶŹΪ֮µһ֣糽˵ĻǾг˵ʵ
ⲻܣ
һŵĵӣôӵд˵ʵ
ɶ񣬳һҪڡ˲ˣĿ˸ɱ


ɽӺӶ˶һĿųԣ˫Ŀɱ˸
ԣ㵨ҿڳԣԪҪɱ㡣Ԫһ̤ƺ¡£Եޱȵıƽԡ
һ°ܽҲţ˭ģȥ˿˵
ʲô
ٴδ󾪣û뵽ԪȻǳԵ°ܽҪ֪ԪȻӵˣܹ֮󣬾ͱʵ򵥣Ҳڶ֮Уû뵽ﲻˡ
Ȥ彣¶Ȥ֮ɫĿ˳һۣ˵һڵҲҿڳԣҲ壬ǣͬ˿ɱȡ
Աнڵԣһû뵽彣Ȼ߿ԡ
ͷǲмϾ֪һĲŵӶѡ
ðɣҲջһЩϵĳ档彣ָ˵
ǡӹ
ԣҪɱ㡣Ԫǳױˣɱڣ˫Ѫ죬ͬҹһ򳽻ԣ·Ҫ˺롣
ߣҪΪͻʦͿԲǰʲôǡһ˫չϯͬһ㣬һֻƸհ£¡һʵʵİԪţѪͬˮһ
أ
̣Ԫ˫һͬһ㵹ɳȥ˹ȥ
һԪ
ʲô
ɫ䣬һ𾪣Ҫ֪ڳʮŵӣǸڸеľӢӣ޵оŽ׵ʦΪвһѾͻʦ۹ⶾһԪ֪˳ԵʵԲСʼ
⳽Է飬Ԫ°ܽҲıĶӡ
ǰʵѾܹһ߸ˡ
⳽Եʵ֮ǿǻǳһ۵š
Ѻ͵¶˴˿϶Ѿ𾪣˼飬϶¶˿ЦԪǶ֪ǵʵҪһĹ򣬲ܴû뵽һƾͽˣʵܹġ
ҷϼҲһ𺧣˱˴еľȡ
ǳˡҷЦ
治֪ôģֱϼҡͷ˵
ôܣ··һȻҲԴԪԲ񳽻ɣ˵ĳԣȻǰԼ뵽һ㣬ǳ׾˺ͳͷԺ˼ܿǡ
ʲʲôվԭأŵĿڵϵԪӶܿʶԼʧ̬סΣӺɽӶһۣŭ࣬
ʱγѣææķȥԪ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ǰδеĿ־ͺ¡
һϷоʡ彣ųԣ˵
ʦ˵ǣһҪԿˡӶͷ˵˿ǲٻɳԵʵ
ԣ˵һ࣬Ŀɱ˸ӭ򳽻ԵĿ⣬˭ҲȲ㡣
ҿǸԵ
ৣ
û˿Ļӱ˷ݣгɱ
ɱ
һıϣɫϢԨ纣ճųԻӳһɽ磬ͬһ޽ն򳽻ԡ
ƷϽ
ó𾪺
γˣ˴˵εֵ
˵ʮţ̫ˣĻôûнõó
һŴţܹƷûóһûд


649 һ
ۿ˵
ûͨô彣򳽻ԣĿ΢
Σաɫһ
ȻǰܹӣһҲԣοֲֵû̹ȻԣһаաѺ
Щˡµ
ҷϼ˶һǣǰ£һԳΣգ̳֡
ȴǲֺ˵ӣܹһΣܹΡ
룡
ŭ𣬸оζըˣҪһɱԡ
Դ飡
ͬһȴǲͬƻء
Ϊͻʦͨأ֣һһʽ֮У̺ͽ־ֳεӷʽ
˵ӽôԵĽ͸ʵķԾǼ򵥵ʵ
Ȼ˶ûжʦʵ̬Ѿ̺ʦǿߵĹʽ۳һЩʵڹ̶ǴΪԵľǣʩչѧʽõĲԪ
Ԫǿ
ȫʵʵıһ޶
أ
Ԫ齣۳ľǽԪһ۳˽Ԫţͬһһ㣬µĻϢɢһƷûǽ֮У˲䱬ը

죬涼һ㡣
¡
˲ϢһɰϢɢžǾ춯صıը
ɶҪɱ㡣
Ӵ𣬾Ȼǽ֮Уն¡
ৣ
аɳᴩأ˺Ѳ񷣬ض·룬ǽϢµĳԣǷ·Ҫĩһ
꣡
һϢһ㣬κ˰졣
ɱ
˲ڳͷϿգֳƷϽķ磬Ե롣
磡
ͬԵĽʩչһεͬһһ˻ţһ籩£Ԫۣаɸߣɫ䣬غ¡ɳŭ裬һƬɳ
أ
ײһ𣬷ضҪը죬
ؼ䣬·ֻһըˡ
ɱ
ӵƲֺһҪɱԣݺݵĺײһ𣬵Ԫ˳Եױȡ
˻
ǿĹ£˶˵ǧ֮⣬϶¶֮ɫ򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ǿ
֮ǰ˵ĻǷ滰ܹӶԾ˿·磬Ѿ˵ʵ
һսԿνһˡ
磬ǿ֮Уһš
⳽ԾȻʵ
ȫ֮УΪȣɽӺӶĪ
֮ǰֻ޵Ĵӿ֪ԿҪѵһ³ԣֻǶζû뵽Եʵǿ˵زΣ͸©
һۣ˶˱˴е𾪡
Ѻ͵¶һǷˣʱûΣգһȴǳԾԵʵųԵʵ˵ز
ͬʱǶ˶˷ܣһлع鱾ڵϣ
ҷϼ˶ѾԭأĿɿڴòƽϢ֪һжʵǻǳԾԵ츳Ҫ֪ڰǰԲ߽׵ʦΪڲؾڼѾö˳Ծˡ
ɻûãԾչֳܹԾӵʵŶ೤ʱ䣿
һΣжǿ
ԡȫɫ⻪ͬһƬ죬貶Ŀ⿴򳽻ԣʵһƣǽƣڽԪļӳ£ͬʵһ㣬ݺݺ򳽻ԡ
ƾ°ܽԺĴӣͬ۳ƶԺȥ
䣡䣡䣡
һը죬һ£˳ȥ
ʣ
쳹أֻͬһӡ
룡
ɫ䣬һ𣬿ֲΣɽ㲻ԽӨ͸ɫģͬһƬɫ
ʡ
콣쳹ն򳽻ԡ
֮⣡
һ£ǵصĻ֮ӣâ·Ҫ롣
꣡
һ죬ɫֻһ˲ѿ
ۣ
һѪ
ৣ
һɫϯ޾ɱƽ˵ƾҲɱңҿ·
ɶĳԣӺ㲻ݡĿϢþ˫ɫƵķԳԵĺȻһҪɱԣ˭Ҳֹ
¡
һ£ƾ졣
һ̺ӵĽ־ͽһ𣬹һϡ

ؾռ䣬·˺ѳ롣
⣡
ȻһĿ£ʩչ⡣
̺ͬĽ־ͽֻһΪ£ΪԵĽ־ǿһףȻͬն
ۣ
һֽͬɵһ㣬˲Ϣ߽⣬ʧɫ嵹ɳȥѪϢһ룬ӺɽӴ𣺡λң
ʲô
˼飬û뵽ӾȻôͱԴˣ𾪵ǣӾȻҪɽӺһԸԣֱ̫ԽˣҪ֪˿ɶеˣʵǿȻҪֶԸһԣֱǳϡ
ʧˣΪɽӺӶ˾Ȼ˳ȥȻͬӵҪһԸԡ
˶Ŀɿڴⲻ˼顣
Ǻǣӵɾͱ˶ˡ彣Ҳ㶣û뵽Ҫ󣬶ӺɽӶ˶ӦˣʵԤϣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ҳױˡ


650 
ûһ˿ӣ෴һ˿أȻ֪ӵʵӺɽӶ˲ȥһԸԵĳ棬Ҳֲһ˿ôܹƽֶˡ
޳ܣ
ɣ
ʱºϼȳѺҷ˽ں
ҷڵҷͱϼŵϼ˵˭
û뵽ǾȻͳʶҪǰս
Ӹˡ
˴û뵽ԺȻȣ˵£һ֮ʵ

ʱȫȻĿɿڴĿųԡ
ûɣҪһ˶Ծˣ
찡ϼҷսȻܾ˲ɣ
һԾ֮ˣǿ¾ǳҲɣ
⳽ԹȻǽţռȺ۶壬Ϊܡ
˷ԾԾȻҪһ˵ȳ棬ֱ˷ܣϾȳ̶ȵĶԾƽġ
ˡ彣Ҳ𾪵ˣò˵һ仰
ӡɽӺȴǷŭ˼㣬ɱ¶ΧϳԣɢƣַԲɿռ䣬סϾĺˡ
ԣɽӺ˵
ɱ㣬йͷ֮ŭ˵
Ҫʬɱ
أ
һ̣ͬʱ֣ʩչɱУҪһɱԡ
ɽģ
ˮ
񣡡
ɱΧԣ죬Ԫ˳죬޾﷢ڶԲɿռڶ𶯣³ɱ۳ΣβںϮɱԡ
׽⣡
վм䣬ɱйɫֺ齣ڷ˲ת뽣У𣬿һƬɭȻӿ˸

أͬĩսһ㡣
ûͻʦߣ޷ֵƣ׷׺ˣǷѺ˶ҿǧ׷Χ
һһݡ
һʦǿߣûжʦʵѾ߱ʦǿߵܣοǿԽսˣǶʦԷ档
ء
ըڶأؾϿգȫһһƬյش
ȻԭΪɱԣû뵽Ȼκβóԣս뽩ֽ׶Ρ
˻Ȼû뵽Զս˶ܡ
һЩ˿彣֪Ļܷս˶ܣ
ֻѣϾ彣վڶһ۷ˣɱǣ׾ٵ顣
ͬʱͨؿ飬һͻʦƻ꣬ʵЦԣһҿôҶ̣ţ˲ͼ˳Դս˵ľ棬˲ʧⲻܣ
ôૣΪԼͨ飬ͻʦͿԴܳԣɱһѩǰܡ
Ȼζû뵽ԾȻսӣҲһˣˣڲ֮أֱǺţΪϯӣʵҲǼǿģȻ޷֮׳ֱ֮ȼ磬ȴ޼
ԣſԴܳԣɱ
ǰ龰ȴһЦݺݵĸһ⣬ܹռ֮ܵˣԼȻҪͼɱֱǳΣЦ󷽡
費ɶֹķһķܿͱûıըС
Ƿ裡
һϳ
ӣѵ۵ǳԲɣƲ
ʲôⲻܣԱһʧ漴ǰĳȴ˵ˡ
ġƲ˵
˼ͻȻֵķ裬ģ²⵽˭һۡ
裬ȻҲͳг𣬾ͺһԸɡӼˣ˵֪ʵԼˣĻһɱԡ
ʲôһ⻰ٴγԾӵо
ȻˣͱĺˡˣĿһ䣬漴Լϱ֮𣬴һһ⣬սţɱԡ
һ£˶ʧˡ
û뵽边ȻϣΧɱԡ
ˣ˶
һΣˡ
裬ĽѵȻˣҾɱ㡣Լ边Ȼ֣һ콣ˣ£ͬӾһ衣
ɱԳԣҴ⣬һ߹ȫþ־һ𣬵ֵһ
أ
ˮ£صһ嵴˳ȥ
ɱ
ˡ
һҪ
˼˴һ漴¶ɱΧȥ
ৣৣৣ
ʱѺ¡ҷ硢ϼ˱
ѺΧӣҷ˽סӡ
ǸҶ֣Ӵŭ
ŭҷˣȻ
¡
ʱɽӺͷѹ˶ֻǿѹƳԣֻжˣ·硣
ɽӣ
ǧɽˮ
˴󺧣ͷð亹ͬʱʩչɱУɽɽˮԪˣӿ򳽻ԡ
հν
ȻȫȻˣ磬ȣһγһš
ͣ
ֱӱһ⣬䵽ɽϣһ޵ѪҺ
ʹһ˶


651 
ৣ
ͬһͷҲһѪʣȾ
գۣ˶Ǳ
䣡䣡䣡
磬罣齣иɨķһƬҺɫĿϯͬǰ࣬ѹѹһƬһɽѹɽӺͷͷ
ۣۣ
˾һѪ
ৣৣ
Ѹƽӳ˸ܲˣϰһһ㵹˳ȥ
أ
һ죬˵˵ϣѪ硣
ʲô
ӺӶ˼ˣǴʧɫʱ½ԭܹǿڲܣ·磬ǰ߱һ˳ȥҲϼһϼɸ˳ȥ

˶ǲҽУѪۿ˵زˡ
ߣһ䵽ϣ齣ɢϢȫ֣ɱ֡
ԣ㲻ɱǣڵӡӴӳϸоɱ⣬̾˵
ԣԣͬڵӣ㲻ҪɱǡɽҲһ˵
ŵӣڷڣɱǣΥŷ˫ĿѪ죬ų˻
ԣӺɽ˲ɫ԰ֽһ飬˼ҶѾҪɱˣ㻹в޲ɼ
ôĵ
ңŭ
ৣԻӳһֱӵۣѪȫ
ʹһŤòΣ򳽻ԵĿͬèһսս˵ԣҪɱңҪɱҡ
㲻˵Ҳɱ𣿡Էʵ
㡭ӱŵ˵
ʹʦʵԸޱ˵
ԣ˶һһۣҪʹʦʵ漴񰵵ҲδʦʵõĻǿҲûʤ㣬ǳɵʱ򣬺ȻһһԸҵҪʲôʸɱڵӣ
£ֻһһӲս߳
ͬµľһ㣬ǰռڵԷſڸ
ʦ֣
Ȼ飬䵽˶Уȴ֮ͬһ㣬Ŀ⣬һƬ֮ɫ
ӣ
˵Ŀⶼ˴ϣһЩ˵ݡ
ӣϯӣ֮ףһһˡ
ӿ򳽻ԣвһ˿أܹ˴Ѿ˵Եʵܹһϸ£δǹм˵ҵ˭ԭһڵӽҪɱڵӣǵˡ
ѵ㲻֪ڹ𣿡˵
ߣŵӣڹ滹ܲҡԲ˵ʲôҲô˵
ԣ̫ˡָԣȵ
ȻˣǾսɣĵ
㡭û뵽ԾȻ˿Ź棬Ҳ˿˼ԼڵݣʱǱƿԡ
ߣ㲻ҪҪԺĴ˵ô㲻һս𣿡֪ΪԼŵӣһţЩ˶𾴣ڵ˶
ԣҪΪŻع鱾ڵĵһսݺݴѹڵӵ棬һУûñȴܳӿ졣
ǶһˣΪݣϯӣֻдŲܵõڵӣܹŻعڡ
ܳӣһݣû˵ǰָֻš

ȫ˲仩Ȼ˼Ŀ򳽻ԡ
찡˵ʲôҪսӣ
ˣһǷˣҲսģ
⳽ǵ죬սӣⲻ·𣿡
ȫ۷׷ףĿת䵽˳ϡ
Ҳ˵µ˵ɫ彣ˣһȵĿųԣҪ֪ҲҪѷһ
ȻǶѾͻʦ֮ǿ֪
ǶûսӣΪǶδƿ޷׷ӳԼʵ
οǴӲսջķᣬҪȻЩԴǿʵĻȲս֡
һ㣬Ҳˡ
ͬʱ֣ҲӲս˳ԭƽ壬ӷսٿڵòˣ˲һУ϶̲ס¶һĨ𾪡
򳽻ԣڹ۲кսһһ˳ӡ
Ҫսң˫ĿɭĶųԣʵ
һΪϯӣΪһһ˵ĳкα£û뵽Ȼһٶѯ޴⣬Ǽ治ԺȻ쳤Цŵ˵Ȼ㲻ңǾˡ
ãããԣǵһҸô˵ˣҾͳȫ㣬֪Щﲻġɫʱһ˵֣һɼǿɱۡ
ҲҪ֪Щ㲻ܵġޱ˵
Ӵһ˫չͬһֻ򳽻ԣϯˣ¡죬ųûȥ
ɣ
ԺȻ壬ֳ齣ӭȥ

˲Ϣսڡ
˶û뵽ĺͳӶԾ
彣Ĵǿߣһأ֪ԼҲѡһսֻû뵽ŵͬʱȻһ㶼ӡ
ȻҲ֪
һսɵӵĶԾʵڲӵĶԾΪϸ˵ҲڵӣһսǷֳ洫һ˶Ծ
һ㣬Ϊ


652 ս
ʱӣӡӡɽ˴Ӳս
Ǽ˵ز𣬶Ǵʧɫ󿴼ͳԶԾĳӣĿɿڴֵˣǻˣû뵽Ծӵһδˣ𺧵˵
Ǻܿѹû˿ĵģӿǶֵһˣһȻĶ֡
ţԾܿͽˡ
˽˷𣬷˵ҩѯɻĿɿڴٴγϣǲţԾȻˣһϯӷ裬Ĵʦǿ߶ǳԵĶ֡
ףⲻһͨĶ֣ҲҲ֣ΪʲǳԵĶ֡
Ѻ˶ΪһսΪѡ
ʱһŮ߳սǷ˭ߵǬԪ̫
ԣһȣӣһ˵˺ϯӳӣ
ʲôһһ˳ӣҲ˿ʧܣʵʱǿ˵زˣ
ûпںϯӣ˳֮׵ĳӶԾٲţҲһǰһУɵôģţιȥãԾѾɳԺͶһ˶Ծĵزˡ
Ҳͬ𾪣ԼύΪ֪ԳԵ츳һǰ;ޡ
ͬʱѺҲ˷¶ˣһ
ɻѯʣڵ֪һк󣬷ŭѣ漴ֵǵ֪ܷܳӣϾϯӣʤˣڹҲе𡣡
⡭ԣѺ͵¶˶һأףǱڵӣ͵ĴڣڵӴܣǿɾ涪ˣһǨŭһе
ģһҲԹԣƵġѵˣžͲˣϾѾһǧǰ飬ŵΪһڣкβɣ
Ѻ˵ȻʱգһԳΪһš
ˣⳡԾ޷ֻ֣ܵǷֳʤˡ̾
ֲ³çµˣȻսӣһգʤˣԱİջеġ
šԣ˶ͷ
ͬʱ˶Զۿ⾪һս
˳Ժͳһ𣬳彣⣬ֵʸûУɢϢЩδͻʦߵ
һսԺͳȻûʹʦʵǾ־ʦΣȻǿԿġ
彣ˣҲ˽ӵʵ
ΪǶڳ׹ʦʵսӡ
ء
ԺͳӶ˶Ծ಻ıըֲ˼㣬ͬһըһ㡣
Ϣɢķ˾ɣԲڶϢһϢ֣ȫûһ˿й©˼㡣
ݵ̽ԺͳӶо˶Էǿ
ǳӣԭΪԼѾ߿ԵʵˣɵԶԾԣ֪ʵĿ£ԼûжʦʵսȴѾһʦӺͶʦٷ
⻹Ƕûжȫʵ£ɴ˿󳽻ԺͳӶ˵ǿ
֪һ㣬Ӷһһ˵ĳƺžʵʵ²ƽ̹١
ৣ
һӳ죬иɨһԽɿռ䡣
أ
ӵıһꪣꪵ
ȻõꪵɽϿɣꪵ־ǿޱȣͻƶ׵ƣһס
۷ԱǿΪƷױףһĹ˲ֺɱУûпµɱҲ޷˵ԡ
ԣʮ־ȳԵķ
ɲΪӵǿķǲ²˷ס
ߣ˵ôսңԭǴƷϽ׷ףҲˡ˵һм˵
Ǻǣ˭˵Ͳʵһ֣ѵеı𣿡ЦǺǵļб£Ҳϱװ
ɶ񣡡ЩѪƷϽױףѾˣα˷ʱ䣬ȴҲŭˣֲԪʵһȥϯʮɷԲһɽ򳽻ԡ
䣡
֮󣬱ը쳹
꣡
Ϣʵ罣ΣӳһڽǿԪ룬ͬһ㱬ӳȥһգնš
ɶ񣡡
ӻӳꪵֵһ˳ȥ
˾û뵽ԳԣȻ˿ռϷ磬ֱǳǵԤϡ
彣˾͸ˣΪڳˣ˶ԳӵʵΪ֪ҪڳռһϷ磬ֱѱȵ죬ҲӶ˵ˣԲҲǿ
ˡ
һ»裬죬ʵԪ糯һ£ǳһǿϢɢһ㽫ڡ
ʣ
û˿ԥһ齣һХܲ͸Ľ־ѹȥֱӱը
䡭
ƥĲ
𣡡
ʱӴȫţͬһ㣬Ѥùԣ˲֣ͬһʵĳпµĹâ¡¡ĳ򳽻ԣҪһٽɱ

彣˴ʧɫ򳽻ԵĿУиǿء


653 ɵֵ
˶֪ǳӵɱ֮һףһҲֻôָܹƵɱУɴ˿󳽻ԵʵжǿƵóӲòʹɱˡ
ӵ˶Ŀɿڴš
ǶܸӣȻ֪ԾǣԾȻӱƵ˵ز
̫ǿˣ
ŵѾȫסˣֺͷ
Ѿ붼ˣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬𾴡
ţԳԵʵҪɱԼͬһֻһ򵥡
磡
ʩչɱУҲɱУһ£Х˫ǳͬ籩ϯɳĮһ㣬Ŵƣɵֵ
һޱȣˣת֮䣬ͬɳĮԣӳճһƬãã
˼ˣ·ⲻһһƬɳĮǽͬ磬ɳĮϾ
ʦߣܶõʵ
Σ
ȻûгΣѾ߱һЩ̣ʩչĽУǳ޵оŽ׵ʦԱġ
Ҳʦǿǿԭ֮һ
˾𶯣Ѻһͻʦߣǰ緢˱仯ͬһõ硣
ɳĮ
̾ǰʧͬλһ㣬عȻԺͳӴսĳ
ЩûھŽ׵ʦߣһ͸оǰ糹ױ仯һ޼ʵɳĮһϯ
ǿԸоǿ𶯣־С
ڶأ
ɫأһͷڷ޷Զ˫Ŀâʵ壬ȫԪᴩ֫ٺë֮ڶ̺Ԫ⣬ƣ£Ưһ㡣
ˣ
ӱâǣԪ֮Уȫ죬սƻţһܳĳâԶͬһ㡣
ৣ
˲ϢӵϢһ㣬ͬһһ㣬ͣʱըѵĿܡ
սḻԪת죬ܹǡôĽÿһѧĿƵһزӳһһʽ
Ϊĳ֮һȻѾﵽ⶯ľ磬Ͷ֮䣬յĳ֮䣬糯ϼư磬Ƹ£ͬһɫʯӨ͸ûһ˿־
ȻѾ˴ɾ硣
һ㣬Զоȣɸ߿һۣΪԼҲûнһѧɾ硣
ȴС˲ϯϣ̼ƵĽ⣬ͬɳ©һ㣬˲ϢƬɳûƬ硣
أ
һ촫ؼ䡣
˲Ϣƾͱɱ缤©ͬɹһ㡣

羨̺ˮһ㣬һӾ˳ȥڵһĽź̧ۣͷ򳽻ԣ¶˾ȣܿӿһĨ԰ס
Ҳ˲䵽ϣ裬ޣ罣âӵɫֺž޲վ˫ţȴǿԿ˫أһ
ȻղһɱжԾս൱
ˣҲ彣ϲɶֹ¶𾪣ɱеĳӣȻδڳռһ˿ıˣʵš
ЩδͻʦŵӣҲڴǻ֮ѹȴ֣Լһ亹ͷһƺǶķ֣ڸղ˶ԼֵĻĲˡ
򳽻ԺͳӶ˵Ŀ⣬˼ɵ
ৣ
˲ϢЩδͻʦŵӶٴ˳ǧףľۼһȻǷ˶ͻϮԼ
ȻؾѾˣõ˲ٵջ񣬾δͻʦųȥãչһЩʱ䣬Ϳʦ֮ˡ
ǰⳡԾȴ
ΪǰⳡԾڲ洫ӵһ˵ĶԾҲǶһһ˵ĶԾ
ԣǶܹһͨȴͨĶԾ
Ƕ彣˵ҪһԾΪǶܸͬһˣӣȻϣ˽ӵȫʵʶϣܹʵȫƳͬʱҲģӰܸԡ
һҪöһһ˵ĳƺţͱӳˡ
һĻǶȡĻʾ͸С
ΪܳӾǰһɽԽѺܴҪܳԵĻ͸ˡ
ԣĶһ˿ţָоͺԼڶԾһ
ȻҲ֪һսҪԣԳΪŵûдùϵôԵĴŴؿ飬Żع鱾ڵĻǳԵ˾˳µĳΪڵӡ
һǽԴ
ƺǵΪʦ𣿳붼ͷԸģϣܹܳԣɱ
Ѻºͷ˶ţ۾һĿųԣΪŵ֮е̳Ȼ֪ϵŹ죬µһͨͨŵӣϣܹع鱾ڡ
һŲǿ󣬼ȱǧԸ
ǿӵ˵Żع鱾ڵ˼һ֣ΪǸоҲƾԼ˵Ҳǿ
Ȼ̻Ȼһ˿뷨
ģԴԼԴǰǸꡣ
ţԴǿ
ڣһսĳ֮ս
һӼԼˣԾͽһսԼ̤ʯ
ԼλǳӲݵġ
ԣһսʤ


654 չʵ
ڳ˵һսĳ֮ս֮սֻдܳӣ֪һţƫһ
䣡
սӳϱͬһ㣬һ˸߹һˣϢʵۣЮܣԲҫܣ齣֮ݳƥһ˳ȥΰĻ潣
һӳ˻зٶȣĲ˼飬Ѹ磬ֻܿһӰ
͡
֮ռһۼʱշգϼܲ£ҽӿ
飡
Ӵһץӥգ£ķصץУģʱâ£糯ϼӳѤá
¡
£âԪļӳ£ңһս죬ͬʱһغ¡ͬǧڱڣɨǧϯһ㡣
أ
һƣӳ׼ʦе־ȵڶ֮࣬Բʮһգ羨̺ˮһ㱻յһɶʱ죬·һĳ档
¡¡
ضǷڣ磬ƥУ˫Ʊ貽⣬ɫһųֶȥ
꣡
ǻ潣һɨ£ֺǽɫϣһԽǽһ
ɶ񣡡
Ŀ߹ڽԪ˫ƻ£׹Ƭ⣬貵þͬһɫһǽɫӡĺȻݺѹ˻潣ƴ
ʣ
ڴʱһҲǶ־֮һǻ潣֮С

һ·һһһ㣬ǻ潣̿ǣʮɸߵĻ棬ռ
أ
ռͬ⻬ľӣյķѣǴأǱһɣѿ
أأ
죬ӽµؾȻȥѪݣӿһĨѪɫǴƬ԰ףһ˫ַ˳ȥ˫Ʊâݺѹ£֮ͬɫɽѹ򳽻ͷ
¡¡
ɿռ䴫׺֮׻ۣһգһƬգǳɫӡ˲Ϣ£ƥ
ʣ
齣買׹ԣ˻ʮɳķ׽ɨὭض
飡飡
ֻɫӡʱ˷׽ϣɽԽµĴӳѷ죬ڳ˹ȥ

һ¹ĵڷ裬Ƶ磬˫ĿųɫԣһɫԪŨ˼㣬ԽӳԶͬƽɣ˫ָͬƽƣɢ֮ǰϢ
ͬʱһ˫ɫƻӶ֮ӿͬɫʸһƬĺХȳһ㡣
꣡꣡꣡
׽ϯأؾϿվͬһƽĺƵķѣɣ絹̼֮ܲͱһա
ϡ
ֻȫ󷽣иǽӳâɫͳɫӳγһĻȴ̺һɿµƻӶӡضһѷ
һֻ̣˫ƿأɫͳɫâѸںϣһֽɫĹ۶ȻֻǳһЩΣףкȻ£˾һ򳽻ԡ
ˣ
ڳʩչе˲ϢܼĽǧ۷һ㣬ȶԳ籡һƬϢɭܲͷϿգɭ޵Ȼ

齣ͨ屻ǣʻҺɫͬڸһ㣬ڹݡ
ৣ
᳤գڴռ䣬й͹
һɭ֣ıԴ
ͣ
ǽӡ̱ʴۻ࣬糱ϫһ˥ȥ
ô£Ԫ˥ӺȻɫһ䣬αˣԴĿĿ򳽻ԣǼɻǳԪȻǣ⻹һ
Գ裬죬鲻ֺһ˫ͫŻҺɫĹԣһ齣ɢɭɲϢͬʬһ㡣
ʶѣһ˶־һʤʮд˷ӦҲ
ŵԶۣһɫû뵽ӾȻ·ˡ
ѾѹΪ֮׵ĳӾȻѹƣͷһ㣬ţֱǲǰһУôû뵽ԵʵȻ˾ء
Ϣģ边Ȼݳ˲ؾԺ
ܾرգֻһʱ䣬ǰȥԳųûע⵽Լһ̶ͣ
ڳԺͳӵĶԾ˭ʤ˭֪
ȳӷַѾӰ߲ѣȴΣϾǺͳǿѪ𣬿Ҳ˶һǲ󣬳ӰܸԣԻζԸǵΣ⡣
һѺȴǷţû뵽ԾȻռϷ磬ʵ𾪡
彣˶أվǧ֮⣬ɽۺƴϢ򳽻ԣǾþȣû뵽һδˣһ֣Ӷѹƣֱһˡ
ǿ󣬶һҪ仯
չֳʵȻҲԷ档


655 
һһеԳȻǸоɵչֳԾ͸ߴ֣桢硢סĴҪ֪Ҳѡ
ӱǿ̶ܴϾΪ
ӵĳԣȻǲ
ԣһսҲѾע
Ȼ䣬ɨأһǧɡ

ӱֹâЮȫܲ͸磬ԪƣϿջۣγѣԪۣںХ֫ٺ磬ںϵһ磬ɵ
¡¡
𶯣һ˲ӳ˳ȥǰռڵſˣ¡
ৣ
֮䵽Уԣһɨ˹飬һӰΣգݺɨ򳽻Ҫ롣
հν
ȥ齣Գӵһ棬˸⻡һһš

һ̣һӰǺĳꪣʱһսĺ죬ķռջΣֳֳꪣ磬Ųȸ趯ԣս
һ̣ƥ־׼սʮɡ
ɢϢͬİ󺣣سܺݺȥһ㡣
ɳ죬ڱγգ϶µĻ£ĺХǳꪹЮͷѹ¡
飡
齣ХܲƲʣһڳϡ
أ
һɺƴ˳ӵֱϣ֫Ѫͬӷڣݡ
ۣ
ӲɶֹһѪ˳ȥ
ʣ
쳹ĻХ󽭴ˣֻһǰЯϽƣӡ
ԣҵġǿεһɫгֱꪲӤ¡һɺƴ粨ľϴݶķһƬڡ
֮ꪣ
һƬڵУһīΣīһ㣬ವһ£һ򳽻ʶ
һĻɫ΢䣬û뵽ӾȻþˡ
֮
Ҳûгɣ۾ʶͬһƬںԽ֮һģıһӭǾ֮ꪡ
꣡
֮˾֮ϣͬһ㣬ڡ
ӶʱһĲҽһںɫѪҺһͷڷ裬ǵ˲԰ֽҲݺݵˤ˳ȥǱ˼㣬ȫû֮׵ϺͶһһ˵ơ
֮һζԾǾĶԾȻӵľõҲֻǱͨһʦǿһѣԳǿʦľֱصĲһ
һ˲˵ʵ˲䡣
ԣ󲿷ŵӶδô£һӵģ֪ղųԺͳӽеľıƴǻȻ
ﵽһΣȻ֪ԾĿºգ˵յǲģҪԼľоţȶǿҲʩչ񹥻
Ծĵطֻû뵽ӲʵʤԣҲ磬ʵǳǵԤϣΪ֪ӵϸˣ֪ľǼǿģ彣˶в磬û뵽ȴڳУֱǲš
ľôôǿܣǷޱȣһֽһ㣬˫Ŀųԣŵʵ
ûʲôܡԵĵˣҪۡ
һû䡣ɫĺǲġ
粻飡һٿȻһ
ס֣ʱ彣ͻȻͬʱ֣סһվڳǰĹɲڳӵϢɢһԲҪһ϶ԸԵơ
ʲô
һĻ䵽УȻǾȷǳԼ۾û뵽Ĵǿ߾Ȼͬʱ֣Ըһˡ
ְԸ𣿡ƻֺ꣬磬һضڲ˫Ŀ̺âȫȼգ绤壬ͷһںХһ㡣
ƱˣԶǿ֮ˣη壬罣
ˣֻһԾʤҲ͵Ϊֹɡ彣ǺһЦ̸Ц˵罣Ȼɫºͣнζ콣ȫ˫ĿŽ⣬ֱӳԣֺ
Ѱܣֿסˡԭƽޱ飬룬һ˫أâ˸ԪۣһǹϿ˸ӹΡɽƥưԵ˫һȫֳԣ
ԣҵȶ磬Ե֦ͬɴ󶯸ɸ꣬οͳ˵ͬͬԴαɱʹ˰Σ˵һλ޵ŮӣˮܽأʩҲǧףһŮӡ
磬˳ӣѾҶһһˣαأ黨ĶĿ˳һۣ˵Ůּ˵ĴڣǰȴǷģֻһҲǵߵ彣ԭƽ˶̲סһۡ
ʦ֡ʱӵ˶ڳңһĿųԡ
ৣৣৣ
˲ϢѺ˱ڳҡ
޹أ뿪Դȵ
ĻһսˣοǶŵӣ֣ܲĿȻ˵
Ѻȵ
Ԫһ仰˵վѾ


656 
Ǻǣֶҷо̣֮һҲҪֶ顣ҷȻ˵
Ҳǡϼһƽ˵
ҷ硢ϼǿҪĺ彣˵֪ҷҷڣϼԱϼţȻнڣҲһţɱǣȻнڴҲе
ԭƽҲû뵽ҷϼ֣ȻмʵȴĲ֣ؿҷںͱϼš
ã붯֣ҳԾͲǣԿˣȫԪڣ磬齣콣׳ХЦҪսұս
һ⻰彣ɫѿ
˵ź֮ͬ꣬ڲ֮飬ǲڱ֮£ǿҪЦ˵
⡭彣ԣɫһͣȷʵ糽ԣڲ飬Ϊ֮˲֣ȷʵռ˵ĻȫɱԷӶǶֵĴڣͲһˡ
ԣ㵽һҧʵڴӣҲ洫ӣѵҰǶɱ𣿿㻹ûʵƣ
ӵһۣɢȫʵϢ糤Х
һʱ佣ţ·ˡ
ʮƷʯʮƷʯóҾͷǳȥһɫ˫ɱ¶ͱ˵˵򣬾ȫʦΪҲҪɱм
Ӵŭ
סڣֱӸһƣŭ֪ԾĿֲͬǼʦΪŶԷҲἤʦΪǣʵ
Ȼֻһʱ䣬Կ϶ɱԼҲ⡣
ԣӾ㲻Ҳ
ܿ죬ӰӺԪ˳ＯʮƷʯʮƷʯ˳ԡ
ˣ彣Ҳ˿ȴǺ顣
ߣӴһȵһΣɶˡ
˵˶ֻ֣֮ܵȴûаƢȴǽ飬ȥƳԣ鷢
˿ӵĿ⣬һɫ
Ӵ˿Ǻڵ˼㣬һһ֪ôǿȥ
Գ˵Ŀ⣬һ𣬼æӣ³˶ԸԼ
ȴûô࣬һ̶ûͣؾ֮ȥ
ˣ彣Ҳ˵뿪ܾ
ŵӼԾȻȻթӣӦʣǴһ˳ԵģԼȥҪ뱾ŵӣ
ӵȥҲ˿֪彣˳֣Ѿһβɱӣԭûɱӵ˼ֻҪݺݽѵһҳδûбĵơ
ԣԾ
Ǿ˼ǵģô˵ҲϯӣԼУɱԼνһ֮ſɾ͵ñеΣԲŽ޷ܱڵѹһɱ¾֮֡
ԭķ彣˳棬һ˳ˮͬˡ
λлˡԿѺˣ˵
ֶо飬СºҳݡҷЦǺǵĵ
ϼ˵ԣóӳ˴²ʹ˰ݣ㻹Ҫ
šԵͷ˵̫ӵ£һΰлˡ
ֿˣֻǽѣʵҲá˵
һҳμģλԺκ飬ҳһʮ˵
áԣѺǹЦ
Ҳ뿪ؾ

ؾ֮⣬ʮϰٸųڴ˵Ⱥ
ΪĵıЩźͲˣϻͶΪµӱǿӶʹŸһ
ԣȻϣµʧ
¡
ɹٴδ򿪣ϡɣϢ
˳ˡ
ʮǿĿš
ҲעţţڴǶϣѺκһǳԡ
ΪĴ󲿷ֶǶźĵͼţӥźڳ϶йעţϣܹǹ޵кѵ˵ӰЩһźͶûôע
ΪţµӿԴݵĻ߳ؾ
ৣৣ
Ӱӹųû뵽ǣȳˣȻһЩźͲŵĵӣΪǶŽ׵ʦ߼޾Ž׵ʦ
Ѹٻصڣ鶼ЩȻһЩջ
ȳԭǲû˵ҲʣΪ֪֮кܴһ֣ûнԺֻԺϾΣҪСö࣬һЩ¶µӲҪܾ
ܿ죬ЩźͲڵӰȫ߳뿪޼ɳĮ
ԴˣЩһźͶŶû⡣
ӥŴɭڴҶضһԴ飬ţûмѺǹ޵е˵ӰвɵҲûһŵӳƽࡣ
Ϊڶ֪ɱԵ
ţѺǹ޵м˵£ûһ˿Ŀܡ
עӹţϲ¶һĨ֮ɫ
½½ŵ߳š
һνؾǧܹ֮֮࣬Ѿ
һЩţֻ˳Ǹޱȡ
һдȥ
ģʼһźͶŵӡ


657 սʦ

ĵӰӳţ彣ˣصţų϶ߵ¶һ֮ɫĴųϿϣ϶¶ֻɫ
Ҳ˵δнڳЦ˵
彣˲Ҷԣ²
ô£˵ѵӵ˳ʲô˲ɣ뷨˲ͻȥ˭ǿϯӣһĿף彣˶в磬˶ѾͻʦǳӵȻȻ¡
ں;޽ڳ϶ŭѣΪھȻֻнºͷȼ˻ųѯʽµˣǲ֪ӣ²²ڳУû˵Ϊҿ϶Խ˹Ĺ
ңĹΣأǷѾȫųֻǻɶѣοѾĲ˵һУȻὫ˵
ˣ޽ڳҲΣֻô콣µ˻ؾ޽ڡ
裬ͻʦˣףأڳϿŷյۣһʵҪ֪ϯӣʵܹͽ¡ӵ˱ȼĴڣֻҪǿڣӦްġ
šͷ˵Σգʧȥˡû˵۱նϡ
ͻʦͺã۶ϵûйϵ֮ԵţԴ֮ͨ½һۡڳϼ˵ͷ˵
лϡ蹧
Ҳ뿪ˡ
ףϣӵΪλһڳɻʵ
һȣףˡ߻˻֣Ŀһֻӵʮ˴ӹųӵ˵ģɫһһɫ
һĻȻҲŵע⣬ɫ죬֡
Ͼӵ˵̫ˡ
֮ףһһˣҲ̳ϴˣϢ˥Ȼ˲壬ţ֪ӵΪǱ
ѯڵӡ
һ϶¶𺧣˼ɫ
ԣ
ʮų϶һ֡
ԣ
϶ʱ¶ɫţȻ֪ӵж֪ڣϯӵݣôȻ츳֮ݱȳԷڵӵˡ
ȴԴܣȻϲš
˵Ϊ֪Ӵˣ״塣
ǣ
һڵӾȻ˱ϯӣֱǲ
ңĺŴ϶
ϣһģ˵Ըˡ
ǿЦϯӣȻһڵӴܣǺЦ
һģԳһʦΪԽսʵǶʦĶ֣ôܸܰһԣ
ҿ˵ѣôܸܰһĵӣһǱ
ڸɵĳ϶ţӾȻһгԵ˴ܣ׷ŭµӡ
ʵˡ
ŵӶԣˣӰܸ˳ԡ
ʱӵǰһ߳˵ϡ
ͻȻӭһһ飬ȥ
ӣ˵˵ô£һʵ˵𣿡
ϣȷʵܸ˳ԡӹ˵δʦΪ£ѾʦһЩʱ䣬־ԼһЩѧǳԱزҵĶ֡
ʲôˣҲǳһŵͷ˵ǳһĵһˣǷڣ˵ҲڵӣܸҲ㲻öӡ
ֻһΡ˵
ǡӹ
ʲôȻģ
˵òЩҪȴ׾٣ǵһ
⡭Ȼģųϲ˵
ϣǴ˱ڴӳӣһųϾ
ġ̾ﶼţԾȻɳ˵ز
ΪȵȻ彣ڵţΪӱΪһΪǿˣӰ˳ϣȻ֪Եľʵ
彣ǳжٰգнڳϿ彣صʵ
ڵĻĳɡ彣ʵʵ˵һµʱ䣬ɰա
ɰգнڳԶǾûޱȣϯһŵĵӣʤ㾹ȻɰգĽɫ˳ԣҲȻˣͷ˵ܺãҸһʱ䣬һºȥŴǳԡ
ǣ彣Ӧ㳤ϲ˵ҲҪһºսԡ
ͬʱڵŶҪһºܳԣöһ˵ĳƺš
϶Ĭ
ৣৣৣ
ʱȻƷֻ֮ڳԼӳ
ԡ
ӭȥ񳽻ԿǶһĵһˣɲϣԳʲô⡣
ҷϼ˴кصȥҲҵӭӡ
ϡ
˹ݵ
ããáһ۾Ϳ˶ѾһʦΪʱһ˵֣֮ɫ
ʦҲһ𾪣˵
ףأһϼֻгˣɻʵ
ϡԳһ£˵
㲻˵ˣϷ֪ؾΣأûܳʵһ¡˵
ǡԵ
ԣϿһۣ˵
Ѻ˶ûʲôøУȻȥ
ǣһƽϢ˹ȥ


658 սɭ
賤ϡʱ˹ӵ˹վ
ϣ顭˵
ˣѾ֪ˣȻˣҲ׷߰˰֣Ŀ䵽˳ϣʵǳԣ
ԼϡԹ˹֣˵
ģźڱͬڣͬڵ໥ԣǺƽ飬ӿɲͨĵӣһżߵĵλϣܹסĵλϣһܹǧԸһƽ˵
лϡԲɸ߿һۣڵӺͳǲܻΪһ̸ġ
ˣҲˡߵ
ߡ
ߵͷһ˵˷׵
ԣһºһԵս㣬ϣʱ㻹ûб˴ܡӿ򳽻ԣ˵
ʱ㣬ֻǽ䡣Ե
һֶٶ˵
ৣ
գ۾׵ͷɳԶ롣
ͬʱ½½ȥ
ԣΪʲôѺǹ޵ûгߺ󲻾ãӥŴϺڴϺȻǰ򳽻ԣʵǲɱ
ûгҺθɣǼؾ뵣һĺõط᲻óҲ˵ɫһ䣬˵ҿԽԽͿˡ
ôûмǣӥŴ˵
˵ѣڴ
˵ѣߣƾʲôһҪǣЦ
ΪӥŴɫһһЦԼЩ˵©죬ŭСӣ㻹Ʊ磬ȻûпǶˣǾϷ̽ʶû˵ѡ
˵գһץӥ׽Сһץ򳽻ԡ
ɭҶ֣ŭȻ֡
Ȼ⳽û˵ѣǺαغ̽ʶҶЦĪˣ˵䣬Ȼֽס
Ǹʲôųϴŭ̳ǰȥ
֣ӥźһۣ̳֡
ɱ˴һ֧Ԯϡ
ɶɭҶأɴսɣŭ
ɱڵӣ͵ɭԣŭ˵Сӣ˳Σվڡ
ƥ򣬿˭ɱ˭Լˣɱ⣬֣齣ŭɭ
֪СӣϷҪʬΡɭŭɶҪɱԣţԼʦʵɱһһʦĳԣ׾١
ʱ޼ɳĮֻʣڣսһš
ǼֱɥĲ񡣡ŭ˼㣬û뵽Ѻǹ޵е˵ȻǨŭڳԣӶֶԸţȻ֪Ѷʮ֮˾Ҳ˳ϣ֪ԵΪˣѵҪɱԣɱˣһУںӥŵš
ǣҶغΪ൱Ҫʱڸܡ
ԣʮֳԡ
ϲõģƥκβҡԶ˵һʩչС飬⺣һۣת۳һţԲ̴Сɢţͬһ̫һ㣬ɭȥ
Բѣɭŭһȭǽšô˵ҲӥŴϣʦǿߣû뵽ԾȻͬʵ֮Ҫɱԡ
أ
һȭƥڣ˲Ϣ˽ϣըһ죬ʮɵˡ
ƥǲǴԲѣȹ֪Ц˵գȫţۼͬһ׽գгХ糤ϯ˷иܣһӶ£˲ȭͷϡ
飡
ɭһͷ׷裬Ϻɫӷâȭͷɽ齣ϣ̸оһɻԪӿԼڣͬʱǿ˲ʧɫôܣͻȻʦôͻӵжʣ
ƥСүֶԤϵģɣ
ԹЦʮ㣬ƥЮȫͬ˺Ѷ£Ľֱɭͷ
Сƾ㣿
ɭŭЦ˫ĿԨЮݺһ˦žһ˫չðâͬ־գһȭ£˱ǣһȭâϿ򳽻ͷƷʯҡ
ݵĽӴɭ֪ȻͻʦʵҪǿᣬȻʻҪ߳һףշ
Ϊǿ˳Ե㣬ͻʦδƿʦͨ򵥵ԤطУûƱزܳãҪۻԪ֧ţ϶޷ȫӳʦߵֶΡ
գЦСеһս

ƥ򣬼ȻΪĹᣬҾͳȫ㣡ֱչǿԪӿ˫ۣһ˫ɫķ֣һ£ԷϰգܼȭâҲڴ˿䵽ͷ
飡
һ죬ʯأն·ҳ
ÿһȭâ̻ԻͣһɽǿҵĽϢ˻
ɭĽѧУһȭӳֻһȭʵٶȿ쵽£˲ӶϰȭԶͺֻһȭ϶£һ𣬾ͬһƽ

·ˡ
һڳУȴ©ٳ֮ء
磡
岻һͷڷϯ˫ĿԣȫƸǣͷ·Ͻ飬һơ
꣡
ϯǿķںһƻɨƵͬζɳĮһ㣬أɭʧɫ˲䣬һ֮Уɫȭâȫڽ¡


659 һοô

縲أգƲʴͬһ񳤿ճɭ˺ҧȥ
ŭɱ
ɭŭɽ룬磬ȭȫȭ־ںϣȭһһʽ·һȭִһ㣬һȭ򳽻ԣ˱ŭһɱ¾ȭʵɱҪһɱԡ
Ϊ˳Ե̬Լ츳ӥŵĴ󻼡
Ϊӥųȥԡ
ʦǿߣԪܹѧʽΣǿֹʮοɭʦǿߣǶԪԻѧֶᳵ·ռ䵡
¡
ԪĴȼӳ£ȭۣһСĽɫţ̫ںϻۣ貵ô۾۷֮ɢա
СġҶشսˣ͵شȣҪʩȳԣȴҶסɭȻЦɭ콫Сնɱȥڴ󻼡ȻҶҲԳԵǱɵѣϣܹɱ
СεֵϷһУɭ˵
ƥ򣬿ˡԣԵֳ齣ն죬ȫ鲼ڳʣ৵һ£һţִɭǰһʧ
أ
۾һУѸٴըֻǽԪһֳˣһԲ˼ٶԼ
ã
ķХɭɫ䣬Ԫĵ糤ӿͬİ˫ȭųɱӵĽ⣬ǰ̳һɫԲܣǰ

ڽɫԲֵܳ˲䣬ɭͶʱֱֻһֻһϣһɾ޴ޱȵĽӿ壬ʱѪڣ緭һ㣬ɶֹһѪǽɫԲ̷ѡ
ۣ
ɭֵҲ˳ȥǰѿǰһۣѪ
ƥɣ
齣һɫ԰׵ɭ
ʲô
Ҷش󾪣ӶСң
ǺǣҶ𼱣ǺϷúöԾһɡͫһ漴һϲɫԭǳԲɭĶ֣ȴǲˣҶҪȥԮ̽סЦǺǵ˵
ɶ񣡡Ҷشŭȴ޿κΣΪΪʵ£޷ʩɭ
ӥźڳϼ˶ɫ䣬ϺͷѺȴǴϲսⱶ
СҪΪ˸ۣɭĿ˫ĿâͬԨȫһͬħһӵиħͶ֮䣬һɻڵ
أ
һ֣ը˹糱ն·𱻺һն
ɱ
ɭ˫ȭ趯ͬŭ춯أЯɱ¾ƽԡ
ͬһɱӵɱ¾ҪɱǰһС
ԼҲǳһû뵽ɭʵ֮ǿհνܽնɱ
ƥ򣡡
һӿȻϸϢȴвС
ৣ
齣ִУһת˲֮͹뽣Уӵ齣̱ǣɢֲɭϢ
ɢϿǰ̱ɣͬ˵˸Ⱦһ㣬̱Ⱦӱ̿գͬݵһ㣬ɭӶȥ
ͣ
ɿռ䣬ͬɫ׽ժ£ء
ô£ɭ̸оԼȻռϷ磬ڵȴǵεεļ٣Ȼ࣬ʱһһݣɭͻĽʦѾʮ꣬ԪͲ࣬ʮѡ
񲻹ʱ䣬ѾһԪβ
Ϊ츳ޣĳɾҲֹֻڴˡ
ԣ˵һԪʮ£Ԫ˵ġ
СϷƲɭŭͬһһ㣬˫ĿѪԨһȭ죬ȭ־ӳУףǴƬħƾ򳽻ԡ
ղɱ㣬йϷͷ֮ޡɭɫһݣһھѪʱϢ˥࣬ɫҲǲ԰ףȴһɫĶųԣһžѪħ֮ڡ
ˡ
ʱֻħһͣͬˮĺһ㣬Ҫӿ
ħϣ
˲䣬ɭȻ˫ȭԪ֮ͬˮӿħơ
¡¡
һ¡죬ֻħٿȻڣγһ޴ĺħˣʮɸߣͷ죬Ųȴأֱˣ˫Ŀۿȴֻȼգͬɽڡ

һħħ˴һץһͳС
ӳԣһӣǺӿ򳽻ԣԶ۾ͬһӣͨء
أ
һƻʵѸǳ齣ֵҲ˳ȥ
δˡ
һصĿǰĺīˣһɺƴĽϢۡ
ԣһοôɭ糱̤ƣ䵽ħͷעԪǿ󣬹ɢϢͬ󣬲ɴȡ
ͬʱҶսһţӳԪʣϢ̣˸ʩչѧʽã൱Ҷؼɭ·磬¶̳ƹռϷ硣
ڼɭԣҶҲԷֻеֵ֮ˡ
ų϶ӥųϣҲһʱԷֳʤϾǶʦ
һѺȴǱֳսȻڳս൱·ֺ
Ϸŭѣȴ޼£ɭѹƳԣϲ̸ߺСپܣ


660 նɭ
Сģ
Ѻ˼Աɭǯƣ¶ǣ
ͬʱҲǵǲѡ
ɣ
ɭվںħϣٲȻͬħ
հν
鲻䣬ˮ컯أȻһһʽԻع鱾ԴΪ򣬾հνĴɱʩչǰԼ֮һʱ䣬һ˳ȥ
У
ɭЦºħ˻Ӷֱ꣬ǽƽ⡣
ԣվڡɭЦĶž黨֮ºħƶͬˣ¡ͳһ޴ӡ涼ȥߣԵǳ˼¡
أ
趯ɽʧɫ޼ɳĮǧɿɱȥĿ磬ХԶҲٴαˣһѪӿ⣬ǡ
Ϸ㻹ֵܵιɭǱЦǳ˵
˵䣬ħٴα򳽻ԣطڣɸߵɳг趯ܼڹ⣬ͬԣһѷ죬֩һ֮ܲĿġ
ֻжþ֮ˡǰδеأϾ̤ʦеĵһսû뵽һ֣ǿо֮ͷŭϾٱѹŴ
գ۽ƣķռ䣬һ
˲Ϣ۵۷壬γһģӰذ׳̣ȴųںڹԣͷ

һ죬ԼʹչɱУͷųǿϢʵ򹥻ɭʶ
ͣ
û뵽ǣʩչ֮ʶռͻȻ˸һ糤꣬â¶ɭǷЦСӣϷ֪֮ҷǱѰϷһֱڰʵʵϷɱɣ
ɭЦͻȻЦȻֹͬһֻлѼӣȻס˲һ㣬ôвˡ

֮֮ϣţȴޱɭΪǾ֮꾹Ȼ˲䱻и룬ɭʶ
ۣɭһѪʧôܣ
ͷ𺧣ôû뵽ԵľȻԼҪǿ󣬼ֱǲ˼飬˿Ѿûжʱ䣬һҧ۾γһڳ꣬趯ȥǾ֮

ɭʱоͬĿģ˳ȥ
أ
ħ˶ʱħķ¡¡·籩
Ҳܣʩչξ֮һǺɭʦǿ߱ƴǳһѣ㡣
أ
ɭ׳ɣ˺ۣϢ˥һֳɫȻأ粡ˡ
Ϸ򲻸ʰɭ˫ۣ¶һ˫ۣģĿǰӰ˵˵⻰һᣬϢϾˡ
ˣ˿
Ҳһ£ȻľʦɭľȴޱȽӽĽʦҾḻɱԼҲܡ
ȻһжΪδȫƿʦΪ
ڶսһЩʦǿߣЩ硣
ţֻҪһʱ䣬ͿԳƿʦʱҪɱɭʵĶ־Ͳˡ
ϣ
ɭϣ
ӥųϺҶűը̿ʱʧɫ
ҶأⶼǶҵġЦ
ɱѺ˶ǳһû뵽Ľɭɱˣ̷
ԣϷһҪɱ㡣Ҷش
ƥȹԼɡһЦֱȡٷ˵ҩоƻָ˴룬ȴ޷˲ָЩ˥ɱʦȴҲ㹻ˡ
ৣ
ͬ˷ɣ齣裬룬ݺύиķ
ۣ
·ӥų̲ãڽ¡
ã
λϴϲս߰
հν
ڳϴսѺˣԽսţ̺Ȼ⣬Ҫܣ⣬ٴλӳһɱһˡ
ѺΧɱʣˣƬ˾ͶɳĮϡ
ѾΧɱҶأѹơ
͵ֵסҶ·һ
ǡҶֻ˵Ƕˣˡ
ϣô죿ǰʵ
ϺͷѺ˶ӥźڴ϶ɱźڹϵǲˡ
µҲֻӥźڡԣ˫Ŀâ˸Ȼ˵
֮˶˷ޱȣҪΪǬԪһˡ
²˳٣ڡ
̣Ÿϻء
ʱںӥŶ֪Ҷغɭ޼ɳĮ
ͳԵͣĸϻţ;ûϢһ̡
ţ
ͳ˻ޱȣδѯʣͱϣ˵Ҷغɭ顣
ӥšڣ¶һ֮ɫ˼飬һ֮侲һѯ
ҶءɭһӥźھȺףƾ첻˻ϷĶ֣ڵûᡣ
ãҲ緢ųưǬԪˣֻǿӥźڳ⣬ûлᣬǰȻ¾ϣֻͷһ˿ǣʵϣǱߣ
¾Ϸȥϼһɡ˿Ĳģ˵һŶɻع鱾ڣʱֻһڴפؾͿɣϼһﲻǬԪĻᡣ
ǽõһй𣿡쾪ˡ


661 
ߣ۹ǸʱˣǬԪƫһخɲ˴ƣοŻع鱾ڣںǰ棿˵ȻҲòвҵѹߣϼһռ˱ˡ
ףȥš۾һͷ˵
ȥɡùȥ򳽻ˣ˵˶ѾʦߣŹ棬ԽǾڳˣֵǳʱ̣Ϸ洫Ӻŵͬǰӥźڡ
Ѻ£ȥӥšԡȥڡסǵǴԺӰΧڣɷŹκһˡ
ǡ˰ݵ뿪
һ̣һʮϷֳ洫Ӻŵǰӥźڡ
ȥҡ
һɳϺͷѺµ洫ӥš
Ժͷµ洫ӣͬ洫ԺԺڡ
໹¡ˡ
Ƕ۷ʦΪʵڹ졣
֪ҶغɭӥźȺףȻ˷ޱȣһɳϺ洫ʱЩɣɲڵ
֪ȻֻǸͻʦȴӵʦսһɱɭŵͬȵݶԴԣΪ֪ԳԵ츳ɾ;Բֹڴˣ洫һͻʦͽϣݵͬ
ԣҲΣһ·Ϻͳƽơ
ȻҲûΪǶ֪ܹع鱾ڵϣڳԵϡ
ȻѺҲʹھ֮ͳԱһβࡣ
洫֪Ժͷ¶ѾͻʦһȻеѾǸ߽׵ʦǶ֪ʦʦ֮Ĳ࣬˵ͻƾܹͻƵġ
Ȼϵ˷ޱȡ
ͬʱųԵͷѾһ׳ȻΪ洫Ժһ
ԣ񳽻ŵķͷһʱ˳ҡ
ڣ
ֺͳԴһɳϺ洫ӣͬһɽ¡
ʲôˣ
ɽӴȣ֣һʵ֪Ÿֳǰ֪к£˵ţڣ̵ݸһһ񣬺ɽ
ɱ
Ժ͸ֶһۣͷͬʱɱɽӻûüӦͱɱ
ԣɽµһоͰˡ˵
ֳϷģҳڣԲŹһɽɫ
ãλɱȥ
ִһεض𣬻һԳڣһɳϽں󣬴洫Ӻŵɱɽš
ҶǿҲ͸൱ԳҲģͷ¶˴µ洫ӺŵӣǲΧס
֮ͷɽ¡
ڻҶشѵ洫ӻӥųưǬԪΣ벻Żʱ򷢶иϸֵ˷ϣʱ˲أ洫¡˴³ɹɱڡ
ǰһУ·ʵ
֣ʲôŭ
ʲôڣն죬˵ڵţҶ޼ɳĮͶ
һɳ϶ɫ䣬֡
ߣԣȻ˲֪ҶسϿɻڣЦ

ʱ»ȻҲ֪һɳȴ֪ҶػûлڣѾȥʮ죬˵Ѿˣ񲻼ӰҲǻɣֻû뵽ҶؾȻڳϡ
ܣϲ
ôϲ޼ɳĮ
ôɱ
һӣڴҡ
ɱ
ֳϻ֣һųϸԪ
֣ƾֻһҲڣֱǳ롣ŭλӭУ
ǣʮϳɱһš
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ͬʱ¡ͷ˳ڣɱ䡣
ǶȻǳ˵Ķ֣ڷѺھ洫ӴʧµĵӸǶ˵Ķ֣ȫһ浹ĳ档
ڳȴûкһ
ԣڵӶսˡ
˲Ϣ䣬ҳһţǺɱ
ڳ϶Ͽնսƺƴ󣬷굹˷ڣһʱ䣬Ȼ£ֺҲս൱
ºͳɱǳʣԶս֣ü΢壬˵ԣǲͶġ
˵
ãµͷ֪Եʵſնɱ
ৣ
Է۵糸Уת۹ͳϿա

һڳһԲӵ򳽻ԡ
ۣ
һƽָ罣һ۵һ˴ڳΡ
ʲôˣ
𾪵һĻȻڳϿ϶¶֮ɫ
ԣ
һۣһڳϾϳ˳ԣ׷׽ɱ
ԣ
һȴǴϲû뵽ԾȻˣһɱһڳϣ˷ܲѣȻֻһһʦϣѾ˵Եʵǿ
ֳϣɱûпɱڳϣǰһƽĶԸ˵
áֳϵͷ˳ȥɱڳϣղһĻѾɳɱҶء
ԣƾҲɱҿ·Цһ˵ɣ
ҶҲ˵ҵϡ


662 ȫ
ԵĿһۣһӣһ׳ȵˣҶ֮ҵϣûʲô˵˰ɣ
ܣһЦӹһɫ䣬˲ʧⲻģҶسϡ
ڳȻҶصı˲ʧš
С˵ѣһһѺʹһģһıŪǡ
ԣһ
ƾҲɱϣֱǺ˵˵
ڳϽŭӳԣϱɱ
Ǽ٣֪Ե
⻰һڳϳĬ

ʱڵӻȻһģ˳ϡ
ڳϡ˼䣬ҪųԺԣɱɫòһҧٽ
ԭΪһû뵽Ҳ˵Ĳڶ壬ҲգҾɱ㣬ȥҶɡԹЦ
СҪɢǿɱΡɽһǹ죬һΪ
䵽УȴǺ޲һҡҡͷ˵̫ˡ
ৣ
һ̣һϯ
ۣ
飬ֱϣѪĽɳȥ

೤˲ʧɫţǿȻǳԵһ֮С
ڣˣԵĵ
ˡ
һҡҡ׹
ڶӾ㲻ţһĻҲˣһɳҲԶԡ
ɱ
ֳϼˣһӣɱ˳ȥ
ȿȿȣǱͷ棬ȫޣͬһؤһ㣬򳽻ԵĿ˵ȴֱԣվҲڻҵϡ
ɱ
𣬳𣬶ԳԷһ
ҳȫ㡣
ޱ飬ӳһûڣصһѪ꣬ÿһ䡣

ڳϡӿ
ɱ
һ׻ڡ
Ƭ̣ڳϾ洫ӰŵȻһЩҲǷµ˹Ϊ֮
ͬʱǬԪԨɱ첻ӥ
һ֮ڣǬԪӥšһƬȻȴһƽΪ˭֪ʵѾʶǬԪһˡ
ţʵ΢Ҳᡣ
źǬԪһƬƽ˶֪֮ĳЭ顣
ھ
ϡʮص㡢ֵܡʩ˶
˿»ԣ֪Լк£
ЦǺ˵ԲؾõһЩĶָһЩ

ԣ˶һ
һֻ̣һӣֻһڻƽ䵽Уһ׳ͨ貣ƽɣɢһɼâϢԨһϣ˳׳˵֣Σ
ﵣϽӹƽﵣһţ̲סȵ
Ʒнص˾̾
֣ǿԪ壬ˣǽѧƽáЦ
ʲô֣ƽ̫ˣҲաԴϲһ˿ȵĹâ漴̽ƽﵷŻسǰһ˵
ǺǣҵõҲ֪ǽͣƽҵϣɷӲ°ɡƻأЦǺǵ˵οԪϣƽҲΪǿʵͲҪƳˡ
л֣ģڣһʢƽﵣɫ
˼ϵ˻ƽﵣĽѣһʮ¶һĨݣֵˡ
šԵͷһһˮĳ䵽У֮͸ҲһƷнʮ˵֣Ľٶͣڽˡ
л֡ʮҲƳ٣³
֣ʲôϺʮ˶³ûˣ͵ʵ
ϵ˼˶ǹЦ
ҲһЦ˵ҵȻˣƣǸġ˵ţ̯һ컭ꪾ׳ټǧͨ巢ī⣬ݣһɫ¹ԡ
ꪡϲһ˷ܵ˵
ص˶ԵһƷн׵ȼ
⣬ԻóһЩҩǶԵʦĵҩ֮˵ҲһΪ
˶Ǵϲ
һ̸˲ŴǱ
˴
Ѻ͵¡˶ڣһ״ջġ
Ե˶ǵͷ⡣
һڳҲǲҵԣΪ֪ҶϣҲɱ
ʵȻΪǰĴڡ
ָǳųԵͷϾȲѡ
ȴǲΪȻΪ֪ԵǱֹڴˡ
˲ѣܹӳɹӲؾ߳궼ǲģ˶ͻʦû뵽Żع鱾ڸˡ
Ҫǣ˶ţûŶǵĶ顣
ڹ֮쵹ҲûôˣΪӥźڣֻڱǬԪȥһ룬Դţȥղأд̺ҵ
ֻһ£ŵʲϡ


663 ʼչ
ʣӵвڶʲֻʵһ㣬ţһӳɳűȻ
һУԵĹǾ޴ġ
ǹ׳ܾãҲ˼
οҲнԹˣǺһЦ˵һΣܹɹӥźڣ˹ûǳԣڴ˴Ÿлǡ
ˣǵӦġ˼æ˵
Ǻǣ֪˵⣬ܹӲؾųף֮ǾԼɡǺһЦ˵±Ѿλˣ˲õġ
ŶҵдֻһЩˣο˴Ͻ֮ҲҵûжôģԻҪ̡Ѻ˵
ģԼءЦ
Ҳá
Ͻ֮ѺһӣһЩҩؼȻһЩԴʦ͵ʦõĶһҲǼֵһʲơ
ºͷ¶ҲϽһ֣ºͷѺࡣ
Ҳɣǰ֣ʱֻ⻪̲Ǵһ죬ȻǱ
һֻ̣ڶ˲ٶ
ǵҩʮƿƷͽ׵Ʒͽ׵ıʮѧ伮Ҳǲ٣жʮףǴӱɱŵϵõģȻƷֻƷͽףˣҲùһڳĿɿڴ
찡ôࣿ
ƷͽƷͼѧжʮ̫֮˾ˡ
ǰԴеջٰ
˵ⶼӦõģϾؾĻ̫ͣǵӻͲˣοǶѾͻʦʵǿᣬЩ츳ѵŵӣ˭ܹ棿
һڳ϶Ǵ֮ʡ
ѺҲû뵽һóô࣬ǳһ
ǿɲҺͳԱȣһûԵļûԵʵҲȷʵջ񲻶ܹ࣬ͻʦѾջˡ
ԣллˡһ˵
Ȼӥźڵջٷ֮һԶŵģȴùܸжҲ㡣
Ͽ򳽻ԣҲһ塣
컽ǰһ£ǽΪڳϡ𳽻Ͻ֮ƽһ飬һɫ˵ǲƳ٣ӦõģȻҲԷģֻǸǳϵλѣžǣֻҪʱ־Ϳˡ
ǡĹأҲƳ١
ãС˵
󣬹콲˵һЩע
ʱ֣˲뿪
ͬʱ˽ϵϢҲһʱŷڵ˼㡣
ΪͬʱϵΣɴδֹ䶼˵ᣬȻǸӱܹע
ٲȻΪǬԪһڡ
ϵȻޱȣοҲɣԳûвӦɡ
󣬳䳡Ϊϡ
һʱ䣬˵ٴδǬԪ
һгԶġ
ܾһУջġ
ѲʱƷʯٶƷʯһٶ򣬵ҩϰƿƷϽʮƷнѧʮף֮࣬ϰ֮ࡣ
ȻѧԳûжôóȴǺбҪġ
󣬳Կʼչء
һӲӵĵҩ䵽Уһ뵵ϣ壬һֿ̩ĸо
˵ȻǽԪ
żá
תԪ֮¡糤ʣƴϢӳϴݶ
Ԫ֫ٺתÿһд
Ϣﵽ״̬ʱſڣԪڡ
Ԫ֮£ͬٴ麣һ㣬ڡ
ʱԪһɼǿĵҩڽʣ̽ҩ͸͸ƤУһɹ˺ѵĸ˲ϢóԼҪһֹѪѪҪĸо˺ѷһ㡣
ȴǼֱ͡
ĸоԪҩһ㣬һƤѪ⣬һǿĸо˺Ѹв
ָоأǴһ˺ѸС
ɸоĳ˵ʲô
ԼһʱȥԪҩȫգ
ĸоǿﵽס
ȻΪûǿǿڲҲǿʵ
ʶӵƷױףվҪǿ󣬻ҪĻ
οغɾͣݲó
֪һʱȥ
գԿʼ𽣹⡣
һ׼ǿĽʮ£ԳԵҲֻ֮ɡ
ʣ𽣹һױհνǿѧ
СɣҲóԵʵ֡
Լԭ򣬱һº󣬳ӵ˽սԼ
ԶһǿߣԲи
ֹ֪ȥʱ䡣
ҲһЩ޸һƷ̣ƴ󣬷ȥ˳Բٲϡ
ֵܹ߽ʦǿȫһıȻǸ⿴أ񳽻ͻʦȻܹ߷ܣֵܹͽʦǿߵȫһܾǳҲС
Ψһźľǣδҵܹؾı
ʧ֮֮ɣܣȻûҵؾı񳽻Եľȴﵽʦľ磬ܹʩչμ޾֮Ҳһֱջɡ


664 ħ
ڳԱչصʱһ֮ϢǬԪݿˡ
һЩһҹ֮ʧһЩʵҲʧˡ
ԭ֪ȴͻȻ𣬲ҳʦǿߣ붼һۣɢһɭϢŵע⡣
԰ݷõǲǰȥڣȴŲ
ڶ죬һҹϢŵľ衣
ڰʱ֣˺۵ͷɽš
ڵգдƽ̡˵һ˺Ȼ棬볽һ֮Ե
ƽ̡ɽ˵
лհݵ
ɽɽ
ৣ
ʱһâɨһɽ£һꡣ
ա棬к£ʵ
ǳԣն˿̴꣬һ˵
ǡԵͷʵڿǷʲôˣ
֣Ѿûˡ۴޵ûˣûˡ
ûˡҲᣬһ˸֮ɫ
ô£Ե
ͻȻ⵽ͻϮźͳ϶ɱǰŽͳڣţ߹ƽ̰ħ˵
ʲôԴһ˵ħ
պ˵ͷ
ߡйâ˸һնɽ϶ȥ
ϣô£ֳϼӶ
ħԵ
ʲôֳҲǴһƽڴ
ߣԵ
ƽλϡ
ϡֳϡԶ𣬼ææ̧˵˵Ŀģ
ɫصĵͷ˵ֻպӳ
ʲôǹ򶨣Ҳʧɫʵա棬Ƕ˽ͷβ˵һ顣
ǡպ˵ڱľ
꣬أʲ
ƽ̣Ѿ˵ݿ˶źʧٵ飬һ񣬲鲻ʲô˸ɵģˮʯˣǰǬԪؽİħ岢ûָ꣬ˡֳһص˵
ԣô쿴򳽻ԣʵ
ʮ֮˾ģΪδ֮ǰҾѾ˹ڰħټֻǲжϡ˵
ټλǰ£ȥϡһɫ˵
áֳϼҴҵ˳ȥ
󣬹նȥϢ
ڰħ峽˽ⲻ࣬ÿһ֪ˣħǿ
ϹħսȻսʤħ壬ǱƳ½ȴһֻǱ½ħϹʱǬԪһֻٶ֮棬ħȻѾ߱һʵҪռǬԪ
Ȼڲǧ꣬ƽȴ֮ˣȻ֪һУ˵伮С
ԣƽ̶֪ħĴڣֻû뵽ħʱ֡

һӹһɲǣŶ
ΪÿһӶ֪ӹ𣬾ζд·
ܿ죬һ
֣ˣѺ͵¡վߣʵ
ħˡ˵
ȻˡѺص֮ʱɱһħħߣʱұ֪˴ϣȴҲҪ˵ȥû뵽ǳˡ
ħ壬ħһֻȻħе壬ֻǷ֧ѣʵȻҪ⵽ˡü˵
ǲҪ̫ģǬԪ޷ȻҲ֣ҲϣħռݰɡЦ˵ЩʧĶžǱħʵǿĻҲħ岢ôǿ
ϣˡѺ
ܿ죬ʮϵ
߽˲ž߳ϣ»˵ɡ
šͷ˵Ϸö˵ҲѾ֪ˣϹʱֵİħֳǬԪ
ңڲϹ˳Ѿħ帲𡣡Ŀƣһۣ˵ڣҪǱţǬԪ
ǡڳ˵
ڡ˵
ˣд˽ɽšʱһҴҵ
ߣȵ
߳˸ں
Ҳͣ˳ȥ
飡
δ߳бըɽŴ
ɽϼ
ۣ
ȻһɫӡϿѹ£ֱӱɱ
ɫ䣬Ͽա
ৣৣৣ
ֻʮӰʦϼǿǣɢħϢ
ƽ̣һӰȵ
ʹǬԪͶɱƽ˵
Ϣ
ɱƽȵ
δ䣬ʮʦǿ߱ӶɱͳԵˡ
ɱ
׵壬סƽ̣˲սһţֻܿӰҵĳһ
˫ʦǿߣϢƴ󣬾ͬһײ
䡪
յһ춯صıը
ƽ̣ʹ϶Ըƽ̣
ֳ齣ȫ֣죬콣ƺɨһʦǿ߾ͱ롣
ã
֪ʵǿԼսֹ̺ƽ̡
ۣ
Խ⻤壬᳤գ齣貣⺣ҫʮɳ϶ն£һ䣬ˣһϯڳͬһ㣬Ʋһ˻ͱû


665 նװħ
ʲô
˴󺧡
ɱ
ɶ񣬿һɱ
ȥ
һ̣ͬʱԣɽ棬ɭħƣйһˣҪɱ
磡
鲻䣬糤ɽȫҫ齣Ƴգ𲼲˺ѵ˲ϢХƾһϯء
ۣ
糤һ˾УĲҽͼձѪȾ죬ƮѪꡣ
ɱ
磬Ԩֳ齣ҫϣͬһ㡣
¡¡
潣ɨϯذ˻ģͬϦϼһ˼¡
ڿµĻУշգգޡ
£ڳûü
ʲô
һ̣ڳϻȻ򳽻ԵĿͳ˾
ɱ
ųȴƸǣʩչУɱڳϣѺ˶ɱһһʦ
սһյʱ䣬˶ʮʦǿߣƽû뵽ģŭɱ
Сӣ
һ֮һ¡ֻһ޴ħӰףģ죬ͷڽǣֳꪣЯħվ֮䣬ͬһħ񣬽䡣
ħ壡
ڳϿħɫ䣬¶֮ɫ
װħʣ
Կһ۾Ϳ˴ħľ磬ȴûӣΪħ壬ʹͬףҲҪܹʦ档
¡¡
һ̣һ죬ŵħӰ١
¡¡
ʮħһħγɴƬħƣͬħԨһ㡣
һأħ硣
볽ԵһγĶԱȡ
ʮħʣ
һ˸װħǿߣȻǴ˴ε졣
ΰİħʣ޼Ӵˣ΢࣬׼ϴɡԳƿ޼ӰħʵİħһЦֳһھ޽ħɭɭħʣͬһħһ㡣
ɱǰࡣ޼ͫ׳ֳһƬ⣬˸عɨһۣ˵
ɱ
ŴħЯħƣڳϡ
С
һװħʱ嵽ǰһħͬӹһ㣬򳽻ԡ
Դ飡
һ˽־ϢƺƵںϳһ̣Сɢ̲ɫĹâԶ۾ͬһȪһ㡣
¡
齣̳̲ͬڵһ˳ȥ𵴣ݺݵײħ
أ
ײһ𣬾ͬСɽײһ㣬˹ħԪںϣϢģǳ
ʲôװħʳһĿ򳽻ԣҪ֪װħʣһɱһʦȻû뵽ԾȻȻ£ҿӻһս֮ӣ𶯡
Ҳֻһ˲ѣĿ˻С
ͣ
һͬ͹һ㡣

һУ˫־ɽʧɫ޾ħںǰ˫һһȫħ۵Уųԣ͵һӣͬһžһ޴ԲͬԲ䵶һ򳽻ԣҪɱ
Դ׹Ⲩ
أ߹ȫԪƺƵ罭ʣ಻齣ϣ׹ҫ
һлδ
һ־ͽںϣһ죬һ
͡
齣ǰһʱʣվͬһˮһΪǰħʵӰȫ¶С
꣡
ǻͬһ飬Яһǰħʡ
صĽСħ¶ɫԼȻһȫ۴һѣ޷㿪һ漴ЦȤСͻȻ벻ɱˣֻҪ˳ʣʾ㲻Σ
㳼ңҾ㲻һƽ˵
ѵΪƾһоͿɱ𣿡ħʴŭ͵һħͬһһ㣬ʮһգһ𣬽һһ͵һһںڷħ׶ζ
ƣ
ħһ͵һƣħ׶ʹ׹⡣
¡
Ϣģħ׶׹Уһ⻡ߣƬ̣ͱһ¡ը
ͣ
ħ׶ȥͬһڹ򳽻ԡ
ԵʶǿʵʣȻħ׶⻪٣ȻСԼֵĻҲҪˡ
ţٿȻһαǣͬӰƶԶԶȥͬһ⣬缤ˣдХ͵ػͬһ˳ȥ޲ħ׶ϣʱɢ
վΪҵһնɱİħʡ
Ŀʵʣ貽⣬齣ݳ֮Σһͬâһţһٶȿ쵽˼㡣
࣬Ҫķѡ
ħʷŭ˼㣬˫ĿħͫͻȻŴ󣬾ͬһһ㣬һȦȦĹԡ
ˣ
ͳ֮Ŀռһ̸оһģԾͷ·ҪԵΡ
ˡ
˿̵ĳԣ˵ؼ·ֻʣǰһȦȦħ⻷
ֻҡҡ׹ͺҪ¸߿һ㡣
СɣħʹЦͬ׹һƽԣȵɣ˵䣬һԳͷ£˵ԱУֻ·һ
ʣ
ɾǧһ˲䣬ħʺȻŽ


666 ɱħ
ãħһһǰδеΣдֻһԼ𣬡թСƭʣ
ֻԾȻȻ˫ۣ齣ݺݴ̳Ͱħֻһɵľ룬߸ܲ
ͣ
⣬齣̽˰ħڣת齣֮ڰħڽ
ĲҽĿɱ⣬סǿо¡
һѸףԱܵĶܣħʵƻ䵽ļϡ
ɣħЦȻϵЦ˲佩Ӳ󶯳Եļ򣬾ȻһĦƬ𣬰ħĿǿ־壬ʧף
šԵͷ
ħ˻
ȻĻ֣齣¶ƶһ洩ǻֱ򦴩͸üģѪ䣬ϰȻһ롣
أ
ħʵʬϿյ䣬Ѫ߿գ콵Ѫꡣ
ʲô
װħڵľħʶû뵽һƬ̣ѷѾһˣһһһʦУֱ췽ҹ̷ʲôʱôˣħŲࡣ
װħʵʬȴ˵һУġ
ɱ
װħʴŭħɽǣԵֳֳԣȵ
䣡䣡䣡
ʱֻħɱ򳽻ԣǹЮ񳱰ħǿᣬͷ񷣬̤ãأͬһˣǿƥ
ڳǶ˻һֶԸһװħʣȴֻеֵ֮ûз֮ܡ
һ࣬ڳ磬Яɱͬһ޴ѪƽҪ
ڶ洫ӺŵӶֻڴΪǵʵ޷Ԯ
һֻʦǿߵս
ʵǿԪ˫趯ɫ䣬ռǿԪļѹ£һһĶѣ֮ͬһ㣬װħɶȥ
װħʵʵǿޱȣǿ׳ֱɽվռ·𲻿ظһ㡣
ħ죡
װħǿƥ˫Ŀ⣬ͬ磬˫Ͽѹ䣬һƬɫӿγһͬҽһĴڣȥ֮Ƭɽ嵹ľճɻҽٲɾˡ
һָ
һϮۣƮƮ˫񣬹âʵʣȫ⺣ֶֻ̧գʳָϣʱһ죬һȦȦĹΡ
ݣ
һʳָװħһ㣬ط·ѿһָͬʣڲȻ䣬ʹɫȦϡ
¡
ط·һףֻɫָΪģ˷ϯ⺣
ǿ£װħʶ˳
ֻһȻƽɫʵһߡ
ųҲû뵽ʵǿȻܹӲװħʣʱս⼤Ƶ
ͬʱװħʵĹ
֮
һֱ̣ʩչ˾֮
һƬڰ⺣ڣһϸ֮ζһţΪħʡ

ħʱɱֲʶи
֮⣡
һ˲ת޾磬죬һ磬˳ȥ
ۣ
ɨ᳤磬ͬɨһ㣬ɨħʣصһѪ
ʲô
һĻవħУǴʧɫš
ã
ųǣ˷ޱȡ
С޼ҲǳһĿɱ¶Ҫɱԡ
¡
ûͣϯ֮ƣϯأ᳤գװħʡ

޼ӲȻŭħԨƺֲħ俪ͬ󺣣һ򳽻ԣħͺһӡ
硪֮
һ̣Գó˿ʦǿߵľн־۳Ͼ֮ԹУٶȴﵽ۷壬Ҫ֣޷
ʲô޼Ӵ󺧣ֻʶ𶯣ҪֹѾˡ
һѪǰһƬģ
ָ
ɱһָ£һ㣬סǻ
ͣ
ָ̺ᴩ˿޼ӵ壬ѪͬһӿȾ˫¶Ѫ
޼Ӳҽһ嵹ɳȥصһһɽѹ˰ء
ˣ
ħʴ۶ȥ
ɱ
һٴδһָ۵һһħʵͷ­
ɱ
Դ𣬽־ЮϽ׹Դ֯⺣һû޼ӡ
޼ѣѾû˵ֻֿĿԼ׽ûǰһҽȥ
ˣħʴ
ܣƽ̴ʧɫţװħʿ޼ӾȻɱˡ
ɱǣ
ܰһڳڵĶӡ
ɱƣָ־ͬһķЩװħʸֵס׷ױࡢͷ­
ӣ
ƽҲˣȫԥܡ
ৣ
һ£˹Ƶ־ʵʵӡƽ̵ĺ󱳣أͬ⵽̩ɽѹһ㣬ɽ£ˤ
ڳȻǵսġ


667 ɱħ
һ˵
ǣ
һڳϽʣµڳϰΧƬ̣ȫɱ
һڡ
һԵ
ϣڸô죿ǰʵ
֪̿ͨҡ˼˵ȥκ˲ɽ
ǣӦ
ܿ죬ŷ
ֵǰҡ
һƬž龰
ͬʱǬԪĴݿְħ壬󲿷ֱħռ죬ǬԪ漱
ȻҲ⵽˰ħĽҲһװħʴ죬ʵԨǶ֣ҺǬԪһԪϳأ˰ħ壬Ѿˡ
ڸֳϵĵȻǸ˲ѡ
ԪϺԪ̴ҵϵԱǰţΪҸ޷ֵħĽ
ʱ䣬ǬԪ󲿷ݿħռ졣
һʱ䣬ǬԪܲǧ
ڵ죬ԾѾһҪӵţóȻС
ѾǾŽ״ʦѾﵽ˿ȴʦĳ̶ȣϻöԴ˶޲ڡ
ڣžһƬ
ԺͷѺվһ
⻹һˣȻ̫Ȼͻʦ
ǰ龰ŵ˵ǬԪ߳ʦǿ߶ۼ
Ԫүү磬ʦһ֮װħʣԼҲˣŵİ£ָ˴롣
˿̣˶ڵȴϢ
˶֪źҵ޷ֵħ塣
ԣѾϢڡ
ΪڵķڣȻķϢ͵ڡ
ֻǲ֪Ƿ֡
ңħʵֻ֪װħǿߣǷиǿħǿ߲֪Դڡ
ڣϥ˫۱ţ飬ͬɮһ
Եڴڽȴ
Ҳ֪ȥá
ڣ˫ۣãʧ
һ̣Ȼ˵ڡ
ϣӵǰȥʵ
ѾϢڣҲѾӦǲǿǰԮ֪ͨţǰħϢƽ͵˵
̫ˣбڳ֣ħ𣡡
ο˱ڣǰǡ
һΣһҪħ峹ɱ⡣
ڳԴϲ׷׽Ҫɱⰵħ塣
͹ֲħٴιš
Իصʦ
Ȼͻʦʱ䲢ԪƴϢ棬ǽ־ǽԶһʦ
ԣӵгʦʸ
ǧƷʯܣмǧݣЩǳԳʦƾ̡
ԪۣϢۣ״̬ﵽ۷壬Կʼʦ
䣡
Ԫڽڹʣ಻ͬ󽭴һ㣬Ƕʦͬһεıݣҹ
ЩȻ
˫ۣ磬糤磬־ԪʣЮʯݣһɹ볽ڣʱĸоͬʵһ㣬⣬ÿһ缡
һǿڳڲ
֫ٺڵԪۼһ޾£ԽʵԽŨҡ
ͣ죬桢硢ĴԪǿȻ˲СóԸ˲ѡ
¡
ԪڳԵת֮׹ϵĳǵεϡ
ǵεϾͬһ㣬ι̲ơ
ء
һһεĳǹԪͬͻȻբһ㣬¡¡ĳˢȥ
ʦ
ٿȻ˫ۣĿ̺ࡢ桢磬һǰδеǿоڳս˵ҲǿʮҲߣٷĽʦʦҲ塣

Ԫתֳɫɫɫɫɫʣױȵ
ΣʱͻƣҲͶһԱʵϾ˭Ҳ֪ǬԪİħʵжǿ
ͬʱҲΪԳӵˣһְȻ
ţȻǳͻ˶ʦҲԴǡ
ҪɹǰΣ֡
ˣˣˣ
ͻȻһӹ
һӽŨҵ˼㡣
¡
̸оռζضڲ·һײŻʯһ㡣
ৣ
չһӳ䡣
ħ壡
ճԺԾɫ䣬ֻУϰٵħӰÿһǿ׳ޱȣ׸ߣףֳħǾͬħһ㣬ϿգŸˡ
΢¼У磬ݽ档
졢һȣһڳϺǿں
ৣ
壬ֱϡ
ʦ
͹Ŀһ϶ϲɫ
ȻǬԪѵһš˳һۣ˵
ʵ
Էֻܼһʱɫص˵
һʱüͷ壬ȥ
ֻϰħʼİħǿնңϢƴħԨħɢǿҵɱ¾
ʮнװħʴӵ£һǿİħʡ
ʮָߴν˶īףɫ磬һͷïܵĺɫ裬ɢҵƣһ㣬ŸܿܿĿ⿴ųԵˡ


668 װħ
ӭŴħĿ⣬Ծһֱĸоûκεܣһǰδеѹȸ
ħĿֻһɨûйעԡ
ͬظһ㣬Ըоһᣬҿˣ϶¶𺧣һʦ϶ð亹ΨԺһ㣬ƽħ졣
ɱ˿޼ӣħƽʵΪߣȻΪɱ˿޼ӡ
˭ʵ
ɭħʣ΢̴࣬򿪷󣬹鸽ұҪݲѪɺӡħ죬ҲǾɭħʴַ̤߳žĿ⿴޸˵
Ϲ֮ʱħֵ½ǳ壬Ȼδռ½㰵ħ岻ħеһС壬ҲҷŴ˿ԣֱ̫С½ˡ˵ڶȥԳƬ̣һȽ֮ء
󵨵࣬Ѿ֪ǬԪֻ½Сƫ֮ضѣǱȫɱˣҲû˻㡣ɭħŭЦ˵Һ
ǣ
һڰħжһӣֻɽİħ
䣡䣡䣡
ħĹɽŶڲҡΡ
ƽ̣
һڳɫ䣬嶼һ
Ҫţħʱ򲻿󡣡˵
Ѫ󷨡ɭħĿһɨϯһӣ˵
ǣħǿӳվħʣ˫ֽ趯һķƮɶйһγһǣһʱһƬѪֻһѪϿա
ħѪ룡
Ĵħǿߴһ䣬ֻһڵ߹䵽УѪ͵һ
¡¡
ʱֻɴɵĺɫѪҺ߹кٲһ㣬ˣѪС
Ѫ
Եɫ䣬ЩѪȻѪ
ħֱĲ񣬾ȻߵѪʩ롣

ÿһ϶¶ɱ⣬Ƕ԰ħɱ⡣
΢࣬ЩѪǱ¾ɣл룬ӦеҲǡɭħʹЦ
ħǿ߼ˣҲǹЦ֮ɫ
࣡
ʱѪкȻ̺ˮһ
ȻзÿһŵӶоëȻһɲĸоҲ⣬ʶǿᣬģĸоѪеĻʧã
ȫšɫҲһ䣬죡
Ҳиŵ˼㣬ǸоħѪĿ£·ֵס
ˡ
һȦȦѪɫƴѪзпᡢ顢ɭϢ˿˿ƵĴݶ
Ĵħǿһۣ򳽻ԵЦȻ˫ѪէʱȻ۶£׼Żɽ͵һӣ¡¡һɾ춯أصĲбѪк£ƬѪκ
ء
֮ˮһǷϣ¡¡һζҡҡ׹
áͳԼͬʱɫ䣬ˣ
ꡪ
һɻصıըǷʱһ죬¶һѷѷԲɶֹٶӿɽ˿
ۣ
ƴѪҺԺɨǺɨһ㣬ƬŵһѪ
ɱɱɱ
ͬʱ޾ħɱɽš
ء
˲䣬űݣƬ𣬳ɰǧĵӱɱ
Щϡɭħʴһӣޱ
ৣৣৣ
ʱϰħʼİħǿӳϿ£ɱŵˡ
ɱ
Ƴη壬дȣӭȥ
ݣ
һϣгŴ󵶣ͬ⺣һĵݺķϯء
೤ҲʩչУͰħǿײһ
áڻɽƵ˲䣬Ծ洫Ժó̺ԺļλԺ
磬ħ幥ˣף覣ͬһڼСŮһ㡣
šԵͷ
磬ô죿Խʵ
ԣǴӺɽ߰ɡԺ˵
Сҡҡͷ˵Ҳܶ´Ϻƽ̡˵ţ˵ħѾΧ棬Ӳȥˡ
ô죿Ժüʵ
磬Ҳ󷨰ɣ˵
ˣͨ󷨵ֵסħ塣һ䵽УԳ˵ãߣܹụ́ϣֵܹڵ
̣ɻ
šԴһף̣̿Ȼ˵ãҾͽƿط̵ķ㣬
á̹ɵĵͷ
ˮ׼Ѿﵽʦȫܹշֻ̣ǳ̵Ϊͣ޷׼̵
һ㳽Ѿ̽Ժˣǹӳַ̡
󣬳ԻóʮƷʯ̣ʱʹá
̣ͽˡ˵
ţġ̵ͷ˵
áԵͷӶϵڵλã˵ߡ˵գһϵ˱Ծ֮ڡ
֣ҪСġϵ
һʮ
Ĵʯӳ֡Զ
šϺԺ˶Ҵ⣬ӳ֣Ȼǵʵǿʮʦ߻ҲͬϽһ㣬÷̵ſԵֵʦǿߵĹ


669 սɭħ
̵İȫռ䲢ֻвʮ׷Բɲ˶ˣĻѾ̹׳䵱ɽˡ
ԣֻ÷̱֤Լϵеˡ
ħӿ䳡ƬƬĵӱɱЩŵӾͬһ㣬ոΨŵӺ洫ֵܹһʮҲܿû޾İħ£ͬһ㣬ڴƲ˻
Ƭ̣гϱħǿɱ
ͬźۣʦǿҲֻвʮ˶ѣϰħʼİħǿߣ׽⣬Ϊ̡
ң󲿷ʦ߶ֻһף׵ʦǿߣٵÿ
ħǿ߳ͬһ㣬ɵֵźһʦǿû
ǿҲͲסħǿ߶࣬ú޷֮
ɭħȴǸƶˣһûгֵӣУҲ˸ûֵıҪ
磡
һ֣齣ǰէ֣ʱһɼǿĽϯаɸߣͬһתȥ
ۣ
֮һסװħʱɱ
ͣ
磬Я֮ƣʮħУͬȺһ㣬ؿѤ÷ǳ̻ͬһ㣬ɨеİħʣһ⣬Ѫɣҽ
ɱ
нװħǿע⵽˳ԣ׷״𣺡ɱ
ЩĽסװħΪʵǿԶǵͽװħǿ߱⡣
ͣ
һĽװħʱ齣롣
񳽻ѾͻƶʦʵװħʺĽװħʸһ֮УΨװħʲſԺһս
ɭħµװħҲֻ࣬ˡ
ǶװħΪʵǿһһħƣ򳽻ԡ

װħϢƴλգϳһںۼͬһںһ㡣
ն
һ˫ֿأħ貣͵ش󿪣һڵħȽȽ𣬾ͬ¶һ㣬ԶԶȥֺһ޴ųѹȥһ·ض¡졣
潣⣡
Ԫ׹Եɸ߻棬ȼգǰռ䱻һڣΪһƬյش
꣡
ʮɿռ䣬ͬһ澵ӣյĸѡ
ݣ
Ծͬһˣ̤գͷ񷣬һֱӿԽʮɿռ䣬װħʶ棬齣϶£ͷն£潣£غһͬѳ룬¶װħʵΡ
һ·ӡ
С
װħ˫Ŀնһˮǻ潣ʵʱȦɫȦͬһ˳ȥ
ۡ
ȻɺɫȦڻ潣ϣ·ˮڻϵ

潣ʱɢϯʮء
ٺ٣εֵʵĺħͫװħʿ򳽻ԣٺЦƶպ¡˲Ƕʮɣ볽֮ľ룬ֻն˫ٴηصĹȦȦС
ˣ
صͫ湦֮£ռ䶼ܵһӭŤħơ
ˣɫһٿȻ˫ĿԴţȫƶͬʱڷһɭֲϢ

˲䣬ɢȥְɿռ䣬Ϣ֡
ǡװħͣסһ˿춯ųԣоһΣϢ
ȴĲֺʯȶ齣ѸٱǣɭĽɢǰռиķѡ

װħʧɫ˲
⣡
һʱϰ⣬Ѿɻ򣬵ƻĻ⻹ҪһװħһΣ
ݣ
װħʵ˫Ŀݺݴ̳һ㡣
̷һҽֻ˫ĿʴѪ޷ˡ
һƽƶ齣Ͽն¡
𣡡װħʴ˫ĳ޾ħƣһ򳽻ԡ
䣡
齣£ħƣ䵽װħüġ
ͣ
һѪصһװħʵ嵹˳ȥĲҽ
꣡
ԺĻӳһ롣
ʲô
ħʾɭħʶˣ򳽻ԣ۹ʵһ㣬óһâڱĸо
ɱ
Ȼ壬Я齣ɭħʡ

װħʴŭҪӳɱ򳽻ԡ
ñɱɭħһֹ֣װħʣ˫չɫϯͬĻ϶ֳԣɫͬһźɫԾһҪס
ʣ
ɭħʣóȫʵұԪ齣ҫͬǳ貣־ͽӳϣϢƴֱʦ
Ȥñȥ棬һʦȻܹʦϢɭħע⵽һĻһ˵ԱȻֻ·һ
ս
Ծ۵˼£ףֻһ֣ͱ齣£ʱʮǵذɭħʡ
ÿһаɳƣӨ͸̺أɽʧɫ
¡¡
δ£ɷԲɽѣֱݿĻ
ƣɭħʴһһȭŤԨһħ۳һ޴ȭȫħ϶ɣԶ۾ͬһħɽһ㣬Եƥĺ˳ȥ˲ײʮϡ


670 ɱ¾
ء
һ춯صıըʮɢħȭҲ˴ܣȻ򳽻ԡ
꣡
ն齣ն£ȭɭħʵӰ¶
ɭħŭˣһʦҲֱ֣ǲ֪־бħϯͬһ춯һº齣ϣһ죬ȻӲĽ齣ˡ
ৣ
̸оһɾѹԼϣ齣ȻзɳףȻٱƽ
ӵ𣿡ɭħɭȻЦֺȻ̧𣬺Ȼ£һ޴ħӡ˳ͷϿգЯħָɽһ㣬ƥܸҪһ

ӡδ£ȴֲħ磬죬ħһ˺ڳԵϣһַĸо
ɭħʹЦӳԣѾԱԼĳĳ
ȻЦֹͣͷһֻһĽ
һɼĸоͷ
ɭħ̼Ӵħ춯糵һתӡ̩ɽѹһ㣬Ҫѹԡ
հν
ǧһ֮䣬齣ٿȻһһ΢ɲĽ¶ϵѹµӡ
áһȻûкƴƣɭħȴʵоĿ£ɫһ䡣
ۣ
ȻһĿ죬ǿ̩ɽһӡֽͬɵһ㱻ơ
أ
˲һΪħ˷춯ȥ쳹ƥԺɭħʶòãֻһ˾ǰɣȴʮɣʵУˣɭħҲ˳һۡ
˵С治ɱ㣬û뵽ʦ־Ȼʹﵽ˶ףǴﵽףǲ˼顣
Ҫɱ㡣˵
úúãҪ֪СɱɭħŭЦ
ʣ
Զɭħʣһ齣һĽ־ͽ׼˳һɭħʡ
һ𽣹⣡
Ʒ׽
հν
һ󣬱ȹ⻹Ҫ飬ߵۣԷֱһɭħʶǳһɫ䶯˫ֱԲ¡һһ־޴ħӡն֣ݵļ˳ȥ
꣡
δκνϢħӡͷѿ
ʲô
ɭħڱɫһ˫ֽӡħۣһգܣһܺƴħԨԨȣǧħӡ֮ʱǧħӡѹ˳ȥͬһħһ㣬¡¡졣
أ
纣Хɽδħӡʲôϣ쳹
𽣹⣡
ڴʱٴ編Ƶһ
꣡
δ䶯ħӡͱ
ɶСҪɣ㳹ʧ硣ɭħʳױŭˣҪɱԣ־ħڣɽ緢ƾͬɽҪһ㡣
䡭
رըĩ٣޾ħܵоԼ۴һܣҪ
ʣ
齣񵲶纣󣬽̩ɽ
أ
ȻɭħһǴ˱ɱ֮ģƥͬڣϯãأ̱߽⣬ϡ
ۣѪһѪ嵹ɳɡ
ԣ˴ҪԮԣȴһװħѹơ
Ҳ˺ۣ޷Ԯԡ
ԴڴڵĿȳѪɫ԰ֽԪҲĵĴ룬ӿţֻʬҰѪСϪʣŵӱɱгԸǿ˷˵ʬ塣
ɫһ󰵵ͷӿ޾ɱ¾
𣡡Ұһ˻ȫڳƬѪϢһɱɱ¾ͬȾһ㣬ɶֹ˲Ӱǣ˫ĿֳѪ⣬ǰľҲ仯ˡ
һƬɱ¾磬Ѫɱ¾
ʣ
齣죬ɱ¾ʴ
κζû뵽ԾȻʱ̸ɱ¾
ৣ
ͬѪ齣ɭħʣѪһ㴩ռ䣬󽭶
Сӣɱ¾Σɱ㲻󡣡ɭħһмΪȻ̫ܶһ㣬һƬ񷣬ɱ¾߽⣬ٴκ˳ϡ
Բҽһ߷һ㵹ɳȥصһˤ˵ϡ

ħɭħ䵽ԲԶͬڿһһ㣬˵ϣȻķѱ˶ʱ䣬ֱǲˡ
Կߣ
һϱ˫Ŵɭħʡ

ɭħ¶мһֱӽϴһѪ⡣
Է֪ȴΪ𶯣ɽѹͷɭħʣͫ¶ִŵɱ⣬޻⣬ǸʵĻҪɱɭħʡ
źǿ˴ܹһսĻһ롣
ħȴ˶ʮħǿߣǱɱħʼƵһЦͬڿһǿһ㡣
磡̿˺۵ĸ磬˫ᣬˣеſңҪȥȸ硣
ҪԺ
ϵס̡
Ϲ̣ɭħע⵽˷̣һ£˵û뵽ﾹȻϹ̣Ϊֵܹ𣿸ƿ


671 
δ䣬ħʱ̡
죡
ԺͿϵ˴עȫͷ·ҪǮһ̴ʹ
أأأ
ħʵĹ£ҡҡ׹
ɭħʹЦп֮ɫ
ʯԺȵ
ԣóȫʯ̶̣ȵļ̵
ߣһȺñɭħҲѾֻʣ˰ûв˱˵飬ͷһ󳩿죬ҪۼԼȥ
̣Ƚħܣͬһ㡣
꣡
ɭħһ䵽ϣһ죬ֻһѷ졣
ۣԺͿϵ˶˳ȥѪ
ɣɭħʹЦٴĳһơ
̣齣ֶͬһɭħ
ɭħȣһ齣˳ȥɭĿ䵽˳ǲ԰ֽϣ˵СҪۿǰ
˵꣬һĳ֡
һƣɢֲϢˣ𶯣ŶҡΡ
꣡
Դ𣬾һ͵Ȼ龳֮Уʶڣ۳εĽȻʵһɭħʡ
̺Ľ꣡
ɭħ̸оԼţ̶һϢʧȥʮԪ
ʲôɫ䣬һת˽ꡣ
ͣ
޼᲻ݣʵıݺݵĴģѪʣƬɫѪҺһ塣
ۣһѪоȻʡ
СɭħĿħһ㣬һڳϣһʹƷϽױ׻壬Ҳ˳ȥѪݺˤڵϣ嶼·ˤˣȫûһ
ȳѪƬȻܵش
ûɭħʳһ춯飬¶ƷϽױ˲ףЦѹ㻹ԭǴƷϽױףڱҪնͷ­˭ȵ㣿
ԣħһƣѪɳȥ
磡̴޳˶
ɭħʹЦƻ𣬻һλεĹ⻡ͬһ򳽻ʺ
µĳ϶۾Ƕ뿴һĻ
һӣ
磡ֻʣ˳ǿ
ɭħվںУЦͬһ㡣
ʣ
Ȼռһ
ħң
ͬʱһӴһĺ
ݣ
һ콣·ʱնħӡ
꣡
ǽӰͽͬʱӡϣɢ
ѵ
Ӱ齣Զ˳ߡ
ৣ
ֻӰӶ
ˡ͹춼ϲ
ʲôɭħɫ䣬ΪоɼǿϢԼǿǸ߽ʦɡ
ɱħ
ϰٵӰɱħһ
ɱ
һս֮ĳ϶ɱ
ˡ
һڰħʴʧɫ£ɭħʡ
ߡ
ɭħһʣһڰħҪߡ
Ȱħ廹ӣ
ֻ߱£ɭħдһָ⣬Բͬһ㣬ɨ
쿪
ɭħŭ˫ֿ裬ӡ
أ
ָͬһ㣬ӡĭһ飬ɨɭħϣ۴УѪ

ڳ϶нʦ߽ʦɱħ壬ͬһ򵥡
⣬ŵĳϣʵҲǲ£ħһǿ߸Ƕ֣׷ױɱ
һװħҲҳֱ֣·һ³̤Ϣƴ󣬱ɭħʼֱн֮һ߽ʦ׼ȷ˵һ˽ʦǿߣ䣬ֱӽɭħͷ­ն¡
һ³Ϻȵ
ǣߵ˹ӦµİħȫɱЩħ˸Ǳɱɾһ
ʱһڳֻʣ˲ʮˣǰ͹졢ڣҲֻʣԨˣǿȫɱ
賤ϣû°ɡ߿ɫҰףϢ˥ǰʵ
ԡָϺ޶ĳԣһ˿ִš
硣̳̣ţ𳽻ԡ
³ȻûмԣȴǴ߿֪֣һǰ˵ģˣֻ˵̫ˣҪơ
ģһĨȥ۽ǵỨһʵ
š³Ͽ˳һۣͷ
̫ˡ̾һε˹ȥ
ѹʱѾһº
硣˫۵ʱһϲõֻһǰ˫۾ͬʯһ峺ʱȴᣬ磬ˡ
˵ţ̽Ÿ磬¸뿪Լ
Ǻǣ̶ûˡԸõ㷢˵
š̳ŵͷòײֹͣ˿
ͷҲһдĸоһĻһ˼ķ롣


672 
̣ΨһˣΨһá
֮飬ǳҪȥػĶ
磬ȥдϡ˵
ˣһȥҡҡͷ֪ܵ˱ԼҲòȥµأԸоƻûȫܹѾˡ
һԺ
ϼͻȻĳԣֱǲԼ۾ֱ˵ϣòź֣
һЦ˵ģһˡ
̫ˡһ˵
ԵͷĿһȴ˳ϴЦݣ˵ܹͺá
ʹϷˡԹ
˵ɡ˵
Եͷ߽
һ̾˵һλҪлϳϺ߳ϼʱϵҵȽѾɥȪˡ
ԵͷȻԣȴҲ֪ͷǱڣһҲϳΪϾ߳ȻʦҪƽһȴǲ
һ£˼ǣҲڲԼô
󣬳ʵʧΣ
һ̾˵ڰ
Ҳһ˸У˵ŵʧǧˣڳϣҲʮˡ
ǳѾŲ²⵽˽󣬻Ǵһ˸ɫΪǵһΪ˾Լɭħɱ
Ƿŵġ
ţҲǳһҪػĶ
ϲˣڣò˶ãžͻǰʢǿ󡣡˵
ϵ
šͷȥ˸У˵ϷҲţŻǵ
ϣǰħѾɾʵ
šͷ˵һս󣬱ںϷ˰ħϳǷ˰ħ۵Ĵڣ󱻱̫ϳɱ
ħۣԳһû뵽ħʵǿȻ˰ħۣǿ൱ʦܵĴڣдǿߣҲóԿһߣ֪ڵǿ󣬲Ƕݵһš
һжѾȥˡҪģ½
šԺͿ϶صĵͷ
ˣԣΣʲôҪ˵
Ѿ˴룬ֻ農ӦþͿԻָˡԸоһƣʵ²ֱ˵
˾ͺáͷ˵ϷҲֱ˵ˣǰڻʱ䡣
֪˵֪ȻʧأڱڵԸȻڣһΣȻҪȥڹؿ飬ֻҪͨͿԻع鱾ڡ
ͷѺ¡ǰڡûоܾ˿ȻѺ˵ʵӶҪǿȥԣȴǲһ㡣
˵ԵʵĿõģʵʵѾܹʦ⡣
ţһһŻع鱾ڣȫǧϣ
˵֮ǰҪһЩ顣
ˡйâƽʵ
šͷ
֣ƻûȬԵ黹ǵ˺֮˵Ϲ˵
šԵͷ֪ӼǲһսģȻҲ
ʱ͸ֵȽļ֪˲ѡ
ŵ˵˿ڴԭҲΪԵѱó
ͬʱǬԪеӡ
ңһЩɢҲţףˡ
һʱ䣬ٴ
ΪħĶǬԪ½˶㣬֮⣬ûκһŴڣ߻ҲǱȻҴȻ޷ıǬԪľ档
ڵǬԪ磬ڶײĴڡ
Ҳͳ˽źǬԪҡ
һжڸա
Ժ
ԣҸһʱ䣬һºҵսʮ˵
Ҳǡ彣˵
ãһº䳡һս˵
һۣԻһӰȥ
磬һԴǵġ˵
šԿǹصĵͷʵҲһû뵽˾ȻΪ˶ʦȻֻǸͻûãϢȴǱͨʦǿһʵΣԲ֪ȴС
Ϊ˴˶һĴڡ
ŸȤֵóһս
һУԴǿʵ
û뵽ǣﵽף־ȻףȴоĽֻһ֮
һж͸֧־ԽԼļޣʵͻơ
һʱ䣬ſԻָȫƣʵһ㡣
⳽Խ̽ọ́ʦȻԼҲΪһĵƣϾ̵ʵ̫ˣͻƵʦһξ롣
ʱ䣬Ҳϻýö󷨡
һսҲ󷨵̵ĻѾ뿪Լˡ
һ£ǳϺ첻֣֪ڰħϣ뿪ǬԪǰ߹¼ҹһһ壬ȴ˰ħϡ
ȻǳԵĶ֣ȴϣǻš
һʱ䣬Կʼָơ
ͬʱŽ
һߣԨλ̳лλʩһ緶
һУı䡣
ͬʱųϳԽ붫ڡнڡڡڡڵϯ洫ӱԵϢǬԪŶ֪ϢϾڵͷ̫ˡ


673 ħ
ڶţϯӵʵȻǿܶŵӶĿһս
ԵǬԪʯҹɽ𣬵һȴ֪˳ӣ彣ݱܷâȻ뿴һսܶӳǬԪӵ
ԭħһ£ǬԪڶƫһżĹ¶ǰ
񣬸ǽǬԪƵ˸߷塣
ԭǬԪΪݸŵӵĵʢ
Ҳ󿪷֮ţݸŵǰսȴһٿƷʯ
ǳģϾʧأд˻ᣬֶΪ
쿪ʼЩףŵʵ飬Ҳͬˣû뵽ǰŵӶ˵̽ʯԤϣҲȻˡ
ųԺͳ˱ԵʱԽԽԽԽŵţֱ˳缯½ӵĳӻ𱬡
ͬʱҲ˽˶ݸŵӵʵ
ǿϵˣЩݺ֮Ǽǵĺս֮ġ
ڣһ쵽
λǬԪʵҲˡ
䳡̨ԶݸŸɵŵӣǧˣһЩߡ
̨ʯϣһƽϢ
һһԲ
͡ŹĿ⿴Ÿ磬˵
šõԴ˱̨

ʱȫˡ
ֻ޳ڷƮɣʳһ˫̺罣Ĺâ
վͬһһ㣬˫
˵Ŀͬʱ䵽Եϣ϶ֳ֮ɫ
ԡ
ͻȻһƽؾס
ٿһϵ̨½ɨһ㣬᳤ա
飡
̨һζֻһ̨ϣսⰺȻĿ򳽻ԣһͷɫž죬һɾɢܿռ⵽˼ѹһ㣬
ұһսĿƣսۣʵһ㡣

˻Ȼû뵽˳ˣսԡ
裬û뵽Ҳˡ
۾ǳնϣ֪һΪλҪսԣ
һ۷ʦΪ²ǳԵĶ֡
ս꣬󲿷ֶڶݸţкܴһֶǴӲؾ߳Ȼ֪Ժͷ֮¡
裿¶죬漴Ȼ˵ѾΪħϣ򲻻ỹûͻƶʦ
û뵽ҲˣԳԣȻֻһܡ彣
ΪսʤԣΪ˺ͳһսеħϣԶ޷ͻơʳף˵
ԭƽͷ
Ժͷ֮飬͹춼˽⣬֣Ҳû֣Ϊ֪Եʵ赣ǡ
裡
ԿŶ꣬һƽ˵սɣ
쳤ХһǹĵԪƶɽһ㣬̨ڻζһȭɫԪʵʣͬһֽպ򳽻ԡ
һȭóȫ
һսʤܣֻΪһս
˵ŴΰܸԣѾΪħϣΪ޷һ
ҪͻƣֻԳԣһս
ԳԵĿ־壬ηһս
Ǽѵһˡ
Ȼʧȥۣʵֻ޷ͻơ
ԣһȭֱʹ죬ԳԵĿ־壬˳ȥ
飡
ȭɽ纣һǰ
Զʦĳԣһȭ޷˵
һһȭͱƽ⡣
óȫʵһƽ˵
ãһն˫ȭȫţһֽɢ޾Ĺԣһɼǿȭ־ۣͺһ黯һ㣬ӳϣǿ

һ̣ȫ֣·һ磬Ҷһȭͷͷâ£âɡ
飡飡
һȭϯǿԪ۳һʣצĳų˺ҧȥ
Ƶ磬ɽɽӣԪһһʽж̺ܣֻ򵥵ĽУƽһȭϾ֮Ϊһ֮вԵʸûС
裡
ս⼤ԪĵЮȫֱ
գЯķͬһβһ㣬嶷ţתںϣ죬Ͽո£ͬһԡ
¡¡
һǰմ֮ǰſˣǵصĳųϯ
ݣ
֮Ϣûһ˿Ϣһ̺ȷ£ᴩ˲Ϣɢ
ҽֻȳһѪһ԰׵˵һսˣĸԸ
˵꣬˱̨
ܿ죬ʧȺ
ջĿ⣬֪жԼĿ־Ѿʧʱпͻƶʦˡ
ͻƶʦҲ塣
Ȼˡ
ȻģϾԿǶʦǷҲǶʦҲǳԵĶ֣ƽԵʵĿõġ
ϣܹƳóʵ
ڷսܣûо⣬ڴһԡ
ڣ˭Կˣһƽʵ
һֻۣ彣ٿȻεض罣һ䵽˱̨ϡ
ϣһɽ


674 һҪ
ϵĽϵϢ̺ͬϢнķľˮᡢĻĺأȻ
ڣڵнƣͬʱ
ʵϣܹںϹͨˣһֻôָļˣнڵĳ϶ԶԶ磬彣Ǽеٮٮߡ
վ·һˣڶɡ
ʣ
ʱһֻһʮɫı彣Уҫ۵Ľ֮ͬˮһк£Ϊ˷ȥ
Ȼǽ⣬ȴ̺ÿһⶼнķϯȥϣһ
й棡
еĽнƷϽ
˽й棬ʩչн
ԣУ
彣ɫĳۣιЮľԪ紺һ㣬ϯȻнӳɫиȥ¡ֻɫһƬɭƶǹƣɳĮһ㣬Ҫɡ
ǶʦͳһոͻûжãȻܹշ磬оݡ
һǵľԽǿȻ̽ԡ
ȴû֮̽⣬ΪʵѾ̽ĵزɱװħʣĴɽ֮ľ֮һ潣գһĻ籡ȥ
ۣ
ľ潣ȼգһǰ彣
ǧ
彣ˮţ˫棬ڿռ䣬ͬĳӣء
һʲãأ˭ζ
¡¡
ˮ˻ˮԪͬһͳ֣춯һ㡣
彣С˳һֻһ£ͱ潣ϯû
彣֮̽ģҪԿˡԭƽоâ˸˵
δʦʱ򣬾ѾȻһһʽ̺־ˮ˻𣬵ԶԶʤˮʱҲܹˮͷ˵ǶԾԣһҪóԼʵ̽
˵ĲûкͳԽ֣֪ǿ־ǿ󣬶ҸоľԶͬףսĹУѾﵽӰֵľ硣
ΪΨһһͳԽֵĳӣʮԵǿԲ̽óʮʵ
ΪһѹƣҪΪʤĻʼ㡣
ʼնһϮɫɢںڷĹ󣬾ͬϺõĳһǰƤ٣ޱȣףչȼˣһ˵ջġ
̧֮䣬һֽϢڣȴ顣
ǳӣԭƽԸøС
Ϊǣڵϱ𹦣ѧ˶飬Ȼˣô칦ɡ
һżѧݴڣʷҲֻôһɶѣһⶼʦĴڡ
ѡһѧڡ
ֻΪѧ̫ҺܾûˣƽҲֻǳԶѡ
ңҲǳΨһԵĶ֣ʹܸȴԼ䣬óȫʵܸ
ԣʵУΨһһ޷ȵˡ
̨ϣ彣̽·硣
ͷ亹򳽻Եء
ڣŸоԵĿ¡
ָоѧϴĿ£ϵѹƣ־ϵѹƣͬһ㣬֮ȥ
ȣ
彣֪Լһʼ̽ģѾûãһҪͷϵĸͬʱóʮй򳽻ʩѹ
ͬʱչԼĽ־
䡪
һεͷţ˳ԶԼѹơ
彣ͬ󺣣ˮһ㣬Ϣǣ壬һʵľâ¶
ն
нӰΣܲͬ彣Ԫĵ뽣У콣Ʒֱնԡ
˳Ե־ѹơԭƽ
нԼ㽣־ǿҲ޷ѹӵ
ԸܹƵóֶξ˵
ֻһЦһ
磬һҪȭͷ
ĺãԷ·оó̵ĹһۣٿȻչ齣ƿնâ£ͬƯһƮȥĽײһһƬ̻֮һѤá
ˮɽ
彣ЮнɫʣԪһڣ֯һ𣬷йڡ
һ£ˮչֶдˮᡣ
ǹ֮ˮһɽո֣κ֮ƺӵΰų϶ײ
ɽ֮ƶٶѸףδٽǷĽϢˮϢѾųӿƣͬˮɽ£ƺƵٴһ㡣
飬ȴ߿彣һۣΪȻҲ桢硢ȴֻ˷׽⣬һֽ̺ʽ֮⣬ǵһԵ
һ㣬ѷ彣һ
ԵˣܹԴһ㣬˵彣ǳӵҲǲ硣
ЩʱǼҪġ
彣һս˫ԽУʩչԴ׹Ⲩ
Ԫڷ齣Уˮʩչ׼ȷޱȵǽɽϣʱһ䡣


675 н
¡¡
ȻȻһһʽ̺־׹Ⲩȴ޷ֹһ
ءһŽɽײ£ˡ
ԣóʵɣ彣һӳԪͬ󽭴һע֮ڣİն壬罣һ㡣
ãԴһһգʽã޾ףȻǷ֮⣬ϯɫˣȥͬĺһݺݳǽɽϡ
飡
ʱһ춯صײ⡢Ͱ׹⣬ɫâ֯һ𣬳ɫˣγһĻ
¡¡
ӹɽƶƥ񷶼·ˡ
ء
һǰ齣貵Ľ⣬־ӳ֣ƻǽɽ˲䱻жһһΪӸ൹
𣡡
彣·ѾԤϵһ㣬ڽɽֿӵ˲䣬н£аɳ

齣¶ϸ񵲳ȥнϣ䡣
ĦƬǡ
ˮɱ
ȻǽˮԵĽֻɱУˮмǿƻ
ˮﵽ˼£һˡ
֯һնӷֳ롣
⣡
Դϯأɫâͬٻţ˰ɿռ֮ڣǧ˻µĻɢƵ£иķռ䣬ǽɫϡ

һɱɱ֮Ⱦ֯£һ֮˲Ϣ
¡
ϯǧձڣ飬һգ彣ȥ
ԳƱƽ齣һնܲƸǵ˼㡣

彣дȣԪۣ糯£ϼӳнٿȻת糤ɶײ齣ϣʱХ罭ϯʮء
彣ֻǽһ£͵˳ɡ
ȻҪѷɫԡ
Ȼͬȴʣ彣ȴһʣȻ
ӵ˼ˣһۣǿ˱˴еĳأҪ֪彣еʵ֮УҲǿȴڳво·磬û뵽ģʹԽ־ǿһ
彣ҲǳԾ򳽻ԣٴһ㣬Ԫתɫ¶糯ϼ˼䡣
н
һĻ˶һû뵽彣ȻôͶнˡ
ֻһ㣬ԱлҪ
ৡ
תۣ彣ϳʮɫĽͷ·һֲգѤù⻡ͬߵĲʺһ㣬ȴֲ̺ɱ
е
һ彣ɱ֮һ
н
תϢƵ罭ӹ彣޷Զž졣
ʡ
˫нͽͬʱȫϢɢǰδеǿᣬն£Դ򳽻ԣ˲û죬žޣֻʣһ
¡
ȶͬıըص
أ
ֱӱɡ
ʱٴ£˰ɡ
ৣ
ʱɨ᳤գϯ˻ϡ

齣ֵ𶯣˰ɡ
彣ͬһһı˳ԣÿһ˺أһɽۣƬľɱ
䣡
·һ㣬ǵֵס˵彣
һ
Ӻԭƽ˼ͬʱ˵
ͬʱ彣Գ˵˴˻һ
йһ
ľˮںϣһ壬ޱǿһɨأ
أ
һ˳ɣһ󳱺죬ܿƽȥ
ûе߽𣿡Եĵ
ʲô彣˲ʧ
հν
һ齣⻪ҫһš
أ
ף彣˳ȥɿ⣬סΣƺһһѪ
彣ˡӵ
ԭƽĬȻ
Ȼ֮Уû뵽֮졣
˫۳γĽëգǵǳЦһƬģ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ص顣
𣿡Կ彣ʵ
ñˣѾˡ彣ҡҡͷ̾˵
˵գɻر̨صλȥ
ৣ
齣䵽˱̨ϡ

һ̣ȫڡ
û뵽彣ôͰ˳ϣǲš
彣ʵڳом䣬ϲ£һܣԭƽҲĶ֡
δأԭƽǹھҶһΪһǹ֣Ŀϱ칦δغͳûһս֮
ܾУԺͳӵ˶ͻʦȻδʦʵȻܸ˳ԣһΣȻһսԼš

۷׷ףڳӵ˵ʵԴȡ
Ұˣλ֪ǿĴ彣ˣ˵ҿδȫ
һǿĶ֡ԭƽص˵ҿɲ䣬ǰܣҲҪһս
ҶȤﲻ˵˵
ԣԭƽӶ壬·𲻸š
ģʵ
ôգ˫עųԣ˵Ҳҵ칦ϻͻơ
һΪϲأԭƽ˵


676 
ǿƳԭƽһۣ˵ǹδԲĽѾȻ֮һս㡣
֪ԭƽûжŭǵͷ˵ұһսҵǹŻӵ
ô忴ӣʵ
ǿδ֪˵һսȻˣΪǿԵʣҵľѾȫںƵ־ҲﵽףҲ֪ĵһս˵
šͷûзԡ
ʱ˳һۣõ˵һʱһս
áԵͷóʯָ
˼ˣĬ
䳡һӾ
̫ķ
˫ۣ˵룡

ͬһ磬ƮƮ䵽̨ϣ˵ԣһжʤ
Ը˫Ŀȵ
ʲô
Զһû뵽ȻҪͳһжʤ
ȴû⣬֪ʵȴԵʵһжӮʧΪõķ
һΪҪСˡ񻣬ף󷽣Գԣ̸оһɼǿĽ־ͬʬһ㣬һĨأ˵
˵գһ˫һ֣Ө͸Ĺ

ַһէʱһ㣬һӳƿգǲƶ忪ˣֱϡ

һһƬţľͬһأīƺһ£ȽȽ˲Ϣ䣬ʹһ㣬Ʋꡣ
һ̣ɫ䣬״罻ӣƹǧϱһ㡣
һ𶯣һӺԪԪ罭ϣ˲Ϣͻ۵˶״̬
¡¡
׹£пϯ
һжǻ룬ȴʵڣ֮䣬̺ܣ컯أʹȨ
һ̣·һ㡣
ӵ˶վйע
֪ڵϱ䣬֮ĴڣӵܣҪ̣ˮ֮岻ڣҲֻе˶ѡ
͹Ȼ֪ҲһѧĲ֮
硣Ÿ糽ԣд˹У
ԣһУӮˡͬһ㣬նƮƮ˫ַǷȻ£ȫԣ겻͸
𽣹⣡
ȻĿǳ⻪貣齣ԶУԪͬբĺһкһβ¶Ĺ齣УûзĽҲûпµĽϢȴһɻζ
˶δΣֻ齣һһĨհνĹӵĲۡ
ݣ
ٶȴǿױȣȷ죬ѸݣȻһ޷ĸо
Ĩʱÿһ˶оһɻζΪߣĸо
ͬʱϯ겻͸Ͽֳԡ
أ
ںϣһ޷죬ףվͬһ澵ӣɸӣ춼·ˡ
һη䣬һɽ徹Ȼһ̡
µ˼㣡
¡
׾絹Ԫĳһ㣬ŻصϢӭȥ
͡
һ죬޾̼仯Ϊޣһգ»ָ䣬ͬ磬︴ա
ô£
ɻʱ򣬸߿еȻһѪۣ
ʲô
һ̣˶󾪣¶֮ɫ
ϡԹ˵
л顣ɳʮɲסΣĿ˳һۣ˵˵꣬ĨȥǵѪŲ԰׵䵽ӵߣ˵ʧˡ
ȷʵĶ֣һǹȻҪʩչԭƽƽ˵
ɡ˿򳽻ԣһ˱̨ϡ
ӣ
˴󾪡
ӳˣ
֪Ƕ˭ܹʤ
һսԤϣϾӵĽʮִսֱʦ
ŵ۷׷ףעӳԺͳӶˡ
硣δͼ̨һ˫ۿųһеǣС˵һԴ
ϣ㿴Ƕ˭ǿʵ
֪ҡҡ˵ƾϢѾﵽĽʦĳ̶ȣսĻ¸ǿȳ١
󾪣û뵽˵ϣܹ
֣һҪʤϵĬĬ
ӰˣԾҶһˡȻ˵
彣һ£ͷ˵
ԭƽ˶û˵Ȼͬ⻰
̨ϣ
ֻһ£ڷī絶絶һ
һԳԣɫȻž޲˵һΣһһս
ҲǡҲʶһ£ûнΪѹƵĳӣж
ৣ
Ӱεضɨ¡¡죬գۼ䣬ͳʮ֮ĸ߿УԪƣâ壬ͬһһ㣬ǿϢɨʵʣâ¶

紺绨꣬Ѷϣ˲Ϣͳ˳ǰܽţƮ䣬иķѡ
·վԶۡ
һƬžķ綼ֹͣˡ
εڳӺͳ»Զϵ


677 ս
أ
ꪵ־ͽ־纣һӿһɽѣɿռڶҵΣͬİһ㡣
ˣ
һһ˳ꪳ˳У鲼ꪹƬХ֮ϯʮųûȥ
һû֣óʮ
Ϊ֪ԵĿ£ֻ̽Ƕġ

ݺ籼´¡齣Ʒƣۣ糤ƿգһӾʹǳϣ䣬ܴ·ըˡ
ৣৣ
£˶˳ȥն˫
һɸ߿ս⼤ʵڣڿռＷѹÿˡ
彣һעųԺͳӶˡ
һսغһһĹ
Ҳǽޱȡ
ૣ峺ˮһпŸ糽ԡ
̫ҫķ

ϯڳϣž죬һ趯һꪹ⣬Բ״ʱȫâһֳһ㣬貶Ŀҫϵ¡
¡¡
ǰռһĵ羨̺ˮڳɹɳâԣӳУǳ
ԣУ
Ӵȣ趯Ͽջ£¡ǳѹƿռ䣬һ֮򳽻ԡ
հν
һꪣ飬齣ӳһ㣬Ʈ첻ټ
һңг֮հν
ĥĹ켣ֱɡ
꣡
շһ죬룬ɢ
ȣ
ڴʱӱֳꪣ壬ͬһ̫һ㡣
һʽ
򳽻ԣĿƣ·Ѿꪻ裬ꪹ룬һֳǰȽȽûѤõĹԣҲû貵ĹâֻһϦֻϼܿգһζȾ
¡
ϼϦӳ¡ȫ֣һɳĺ黳
ۣ
ǲĽⱻϦϯĭһ㻯ΪӰ
صѧ
أû뵽ӾȻϰѧֱǲ˼顣
ͺñ־һ㣬Ӱߵľ
𽣹⣡
һɻϢԳɢȻֺȴͬɽ緢ҽ齣ǰ趯һѣʱգһš
¡¡
ϦϼܲĿռٿȻ𶯣ûһ㣬Ϣ
ʲô
ɫ󺧣û뵽ԼһоȻƽˡ
Ҫ֪ϹŲһʽУʦֻһ㣬ͿԿеû뵽ȴԻ⣬ֱǲ˼顣
ȴû뵽ʽϹŽУԵ𽣹ҲϹŽ̺֣ͿԶԸģ

ɫһʴ䣬趯ꪣƽԡ
ʽ
ֻӻгꪣһصĹ켣ͬصһС
ˡ
һɺ嫡̫·һֳȽȽ糿ƺСӭһжǿʼ
ʢ˥ʱ
ϢԨ齣Ǳơ
Ʈ·һľ磬һȻɢ紺һϯһɳȥ˲䣬˥䣬תϦ
ͬλãͬһʢͬʷһϾñط֣־ñغϡ
䵽УͬںԿһͬʱĸо
һʽǳԴӸġ
ϣã֯˲ͲڣȻͬʱʧ
¶֮ɫţԼǧϹŽʽȻֱƽˡ
Ȼһƽ֣ȻһִܸС
ԣһУ
ӺָܿȻųԣꪻ֣
¡
Ԫһ£ԵϢֶһ˾޴Ӱʶռ䡣
ͷ·һ㣬ӵ
֣
һʶռ䷭ڣ۶â¶
ƣ
Ӵһһꪻ֮Ӱ̳򳽻ʶ
ն
Դȣӭ˳ȥһǰ;־ӵ쾡¡
꣡
ڳǲ˼ĿУꪻ걻룬ɢ
ۣһѪ˫ָۣ򳽻Ե񣬸ޱȡ
ͬʱҲ˫ۡ
ˡһƽĵҪСģؿɲô׹ġ
лԿ˳һۣ˵
һսҲ˶֮ĶԹ
Ӯˣ̻ϲ˵̫ˣӮˡһ㴫䳡ÿһ˶ߡ
͹һۣ¶˰ο֮ɫ
彣ĬȻ֪ӽ𣬳Զһһ˵ĳƺſɾʵˡ
ԭƽսԡ
ֻʩչһǹϣ˳ϡ
ֵˣԭ˵ҪսԵȴԶˡ
ӵȻɻȴҲûжʡ
ŵ½½뿪ţԴǿߵ飬Ҳʼ
ΪΪһ͡
ãӵ뿪š
Դˣŷƫ֮أڶ֪
źɽ
һڹĴ趯ȫȼգΧγһ紵ľ
ǳԡ
һ¹ȥȻﵽ˶۷ʦ
㲻ࡢ桢磬ལ
ǵһԽ


678 Դ
彣һսԶԵĸ򾫽һ㡣
ҲҲὫ硢ףںϡ
ԣԾʱ޷ͻʦںԣĽ
ĴԶԻͷΪͨ͸֮ٴ֮
ʶ׽⡣
зһккԣͬʩչѧһںϷҪµĽ
ֻǣһнлһΣδȫҪʵ顣
֮䣬Զ⣬棬ԽǿһǣԾ磬ȼһֽ̬
ԣศɣȻԴµĽ
硢ͬʱתҽϯڻһ纣һ಻
ৣ
һһ£ƬͬһϯͬһµأϯգԲ֮ڶǷϯγһƬǿĻƣ춼·ճһ
ͬʱڷĸ£Ѹٿǣӵϻ
ͽзɡ齣˷ܵ˵
µĽհν𽣹⡣
󣬳Լһ
֪ȥ
ͨ͸죬޷ֵ
һУӴʦ
硢ǳΪͨ͸ģҲǾˣҹʱ䣬ٴδµĽٷţ
֮󣬳ͬһȪ˼ӿͻԴ׻ױ
ڶ̶һʱڣԴ󽣼˷ޱȡ
˵ڻ桢磬֮䶼ҵһϵ㣬γһ΢ĴڣϣΨȴǲݣȻҲΪԶδͨ͸Եʡ
ʣµĲȴǳ޷Ĵڡ
ȻǿޱȣԶĴ֮ϣϣȴǴһ״̬
Ϊʵ̫ˣ˵еبƿأֽ񣬸δš
Ҫһʱ䡣
ԳԵ츳ܹལͲལѾǼ䲻ˡ
ԣڽһʱרͲ
ԽרУԽǾǿ¡
⣬ȻԼļأҲԴʢ˥ʱ
Ȼϻúͷָ£˾ƣȴδལ⡣
һָоལ⣬ǳԽĴԽĴڣȷ׽ǿ
δͨ
ǣת⡣
˽׽ȼ硣
ԵľûȴĶ˲١
ǰڻһʱ䣬Ҳ˷һʱ䡣
ڣ޷Ϳʼϰӡ
飬Ȼӵ˿Ľʦʵ
˵ԴﵽʦͿʹ÷ӡ
ڷӡȻϤȴ£ϾϹ齣Ĵڡ
ӡʹ÷Ҳĥһܹʹá
˵һɱ
ԣԲʹãʩչӡܣԴ˫Խ޷ΪԵĵƣʶҲֻҹϰӡ
зİԶԷӡƿҲһ⡣
ڿھӡƿأҲ˲СĳɾͣҪ֪ӡǺųƷĴڣܹӡһУԳɿռ䣬ŵƣֱˮ
ͬʱҲõҩ˽һ˵ΪǴﵽʦףƷϽѧ
ϻôһ׽Եֵʦ
ʱҲ˼ߺͫԳа޶ˣֻȵǣаȻδ˵Ҫһʱ䡣
̥ȴܹͳԾͨ
ԣҪԴóԿЦá
Ҳ𾪲ѣȵķ֣СѾͷȻδȴӵ߽޵ľ磬Ǵﵽļ߽ѡֵĵزò̾СѾͷǾԵޡ
Ȼ̸а򸾴ʯݡ
գСѾͷΪļͽޡ
ߺͫԳа򸾸˲ѣлԡ
СѾͷȻδҲо˳ԵǿǱȻҲϿ˳ԵĴڡ
ȻⶼΪСѾͷ޶ȵ򳽻ȡԴԱ̥
һУϻúͷ񶼾̾ѣ϶һСѾͷ¾弶ޡ
δĳɾͣ޷Ԥ⡣
óĶѣԴݺʯΪջںСѾͷǩͬԼƺү
Ҳȡ
̫ˣˡСѾͷ˲ѣһϲõľ񲨶
ˣǾޣǷӵдڷռںԾͨ̽ʵ
Ȼˡͣһ£·һͯһıĹ֣ͨһ۾Ϳ˳Ե˼˵үҪϵѧɣ
ôأүֻʶѡһδӤԼ˼Ըоһ죬˵
Ŷԭүһ׾ԵѧأȻүûĴ㣬ǾˡŶһ˵
ȿȣ׾ѧүҿľѧкβ𡣡Բ˼˵
Խѧ͸ү˵
棿۾һʵҲʮֿȻһʦҲõϻúͷָȴȱԷѧҲûоѧȻУԵȻϣܹõˡ
Ըǿȡ


679 ¾Ѫħ
и˵
ʲôʵ
ҪİĽ˵
üͷһ壬ʵ
ֻүϵ̫ˣա˵¡ǳڰѪҲǿԸ
û⣬ֻҪʱȥһЩطЩ˼Ƭ̣˵
û⡣˵ȻүӦæȰ׾ѧү㡣
áԴϲ
үˣ׾ѧλñ䣬ΪأڵȼҲ֪˵
λñ䴫˳ԡ
һľѧԾٷʽ֡
ֻǿԾ;ޱȣԼȻֻܹƤëѣҪʱա
ϰգаʱ䣬ԾǬԪڿڰ
֮ڣ߱ǬԪ̺ĵط
죬˰ħߣ
ħߣشǬԪߣһͰشܲŴССĿͬһ㡣
ԭʯӣڷǰħǱأͱ˳Ϊħߡ
ǰһƬһһݡ
ϿգһƬҰ·̫ղһ
⵽һԴ󣬱һƬ˼֮أû˵
һЩؿȻûȻһЩðħ߷·һɫʡ
ԸоһŨŨ
ڰħϢ
Ȼħ屻ɱԭľӵأȻǵϢ
οħѡľӣȻζŴ˵صĲ֮
һԾͽ밵ħĵش
ӵŨҡ
ҪصײС
ȻŨ񣬵ʵϡ٣޷ﵽҪԳԾصס
ֻһؿߣӰ
һ̣ȻһƬڰ֮ء
ʶǿ󣬿Ըоص磬ֻİݺᣬʮ֮ͨ࣬ռ伫㣬⵽ػͨ裬ԳԿʦʶҲ޷̽ص硣
ħѾױ𣬳ҲֻΪѡ

óӡ˫⻪һֻа˵صס
μˡаͦŸӣԣһƬ𾴡
ˡԻӻ֣˵ڵأɡ
ǡаͷϥأա
оΣʵ
лүֱһأ㹻ɵһĽ֣˵⣬ү㿴Ƿһ֮Ȫ˴Ũҵ
ҿ۾һæʶ̽
ܿ죬˵Уؿ̫ˣ⵽ƻ޷̽ȫ
ǵոɾȻү̽ǴǸľͿˡһ£˵
ãͰ˵İ졣˵
ͨĸаȻֻһ̥δյȴǿֱͬһ޾ºˮһ㣬صȫ˷ն
ƺƴ󣬻һ𣬹ͬںһ㡣
ܿ죬ԾͷֵصϡйͶӳ
һʱȥصָƽ
ĸоԭĵص羹Ȼһ˿һůҲ˲١
ʱֹͣգ˵ڱոɾˣү쿴ǴǸġ
áԼæʶ̽ڵصʱ䷽ԲǧɶһӳǺױֵġ
ܿ죬ԸоһɱӶɢ
Ƚռ䡣Խаսռڣ磬߶ȥ
ͨ԰γ齣ƿ
Ų룬ԽԽŨҡ
⵽Ļ̶Խߣÿһͨˡ
Ϊ˵֮ȪΪӵиǿĻһǰϧ۵Ŀسһͨ
ʱֻͨһδֻǿռ伫խһͨռ
ѵǰħϳ԰
ħѾɱħҲڴϣҲûʲôµġ
컰˵ո˵󣬳ʵҲȻһ̽˼
У
ʱվһƲĵ¹ǰ
ʶ̷̽Դͷ
ֻһƫһ
֮Ȫ
ܿ죬ԵԻǰ۾ٿȻһֻǰһ뵵ˮ̶๾ðϢȻǵ֮Ȫ
̫ˣãԴϲȻоһɼֲڵ֮Ȫɫ䣬˶

ֻ֮Ȫڣͬһ㣬һ޴ĺӰֶһͷīɫͷã˺ۣȴɢһóԾϢ
ħ壿
ɫ䣬ʧ˭
ۻΪ֪һûҪɱۣԭֻһСħǿһ֮߳ȪȻߴɣþͬһСɽȪˮƽ棬һ˫ɫͫĵĿųԣ˵С
ǰħۣʧͷ
۾¾Ѫħۡħƽ˵
㾹ȻûԺȻ
ߣƾҲɱֱۣǳ롣¾Ѫħ˵
ˣԺȻ¾ѪħһۣȴԶԶûǰʦǿ˵㱻ˣʵ䵽ʦ
ֻ߽ʦʵҪɱһСȴ練ơ¾ѪħۼԿͷ˵ۼ䲻ʮΪЩһ޶Ը⳼ۣ۾㲻
ҴӦԺԥ˵


680 ֮
ãȻˣɣӵҵѪҺΪħڣҲΪ¡¾Ѫħۿ򳽻ԣԽľ⣬ͷ˵
¾ѪħۣҿͲ˰ɣСҲ¡˵
ʲôϷŪۣ¾Ѫħ۴ŭݺݵ˵Сӣ۲һѵǲ֪ôˡ˵գٿȻõɢǿϢһĳͼһӡŷ֮򳽻ԡ
أ
Ըֵͱһƺ˳ȥײʯϣѪ
Сӣ֪۵˰ɣ¾Ѫħ˵
ͷ¶ɫ
𣿼Ȼˣ۾ͽɱ۵һ⻯¾Ѫħۺ˵
ʲô̱ŵûɢǿסƣҪȥ
ӵ𣿡¾Ѫħ۹Цһ£Ǿ̰ѳס
ԷҽڴڵѪ
֮
ԴٴһѪ۾֮¾Ѫħ۵ʶ
ûõģƾһССĶʦҲ˱ֱۣһЦ¾Ѫħ۹Цһ֮̽ĥһȻǴӳϴģУо̱ˣ¾Ѫħ۵У÷ֺ
ңͬϵһ㣬¾Ѫħ׸
ԲʣΪˣһûһкܶû˻ߵĺӡ
¡
ӡ֣ųһĹԣ۶£ҪԼ¾Ѫħһ𶼷˷ռ
ʲô¾Ѫħ۴󺧣
ǣҪ֪ӡǺųƿԷĴڣȻҲԷħǿ¾ѪħҲֵסռ䡣
ԵڷռҽһȻ
Сӣ¾ѪħۻܣʶȻ޷̽ӣɫлţ򳽻ԣ˵㲻˵۾ɱ㣬ѻ꣬Ȼ֪һˣ
ɱңɱңԶȥԿȳѪĿɭȻ˵ƾڵʵǴ򲻿ģţԡ
۾Ͳš¾ѪħһЦ˳һۣ˵Сӣ㿴ñƿġ˵գһȫϢͣɽӣħƺȻĳӡռ䡣

һӡʵʵ˷ռϣһӴһռζûлһ¡
ʲôôܣ¾Ѫħ۴һŭ۾Ͳţƣ
˵գһħĵɽӣħԨ嫣ͬ˫Сɽһȥ˷ռϣһը죬Ȼֻǻζһ£Ͳ
ܣ¾Ѫħٴɫ䣬һĲţݺݿ˳һۣǵһĹ
һռδ˿
¾ѪħͣݺݵĿųԣ˵Сӣ˵⵽ʲôطôȥ
ħԣɱңұȥǶһ̱ڽɫϣ˵
ҾͲûа취ھɱ㡣¾Ѫħۼͬħһ㣬һѽһ˫ɫͫ׶˵ѵΪ۲ɱ𣿡
ҵȻң㽫ԶֱΪֹЦһħۣûбɱȥûŰɣ
ȻˣھĻꡣ¾Ѫħ
ϣ¾Ѫħ˫ͫ򳽻ԣ˵ѻ󷨣
ˣˣ
һ˳ԵĻ꺣

ʹҽУ˻Դɱ
¡¡
һԴڳԵʶ磬¾Ѫħ۵ɱȥ

¾Ѫħ۴һޱǿ󣬾ͬ籩һ㣬ֱӽԴɢ
ۣ
ԶʱһѪήҵ˼£ֱ̱˵ϣ޷ֿ¾Ѫħ۵ʶ
ñۿ⵽¾Ѫħ۶ݺݵ˵
־Ҫֹ¾ѪħۿԼʶ
ʡ
Ľ־ʶһǰ;ơ
ƣ
¾Ѫħ۵εǿʦ۾ȳ߳ʮСףȻľʦҲ¾Ѫħ۵Ķ֣˲ɢ
û뵽뵽ľȻǿ󣬿ܹһ⻯ˡ¾Ѫħ˵
ԷĲҽ沿Ѿû˱飬ֻǴ̹ǵʹָͬ̽һ㡣
¡
¾Ѫħ۵˳Ե谭ʶռ䡣
ӡ¾ѪħۺȻЦԭһϹԳɿռ䣬ӡڡ
ͬʱԵļ䱻¾Ѫħ̽飬ԷЪ˹Ĳҽ
أñۿ¾Ѫħ۹Цƣ
ء
һ㣬Եʶ緭羪κˣɽѣһɳصѹϢٳ¾Ѫħһܵĸо
ô£¾Ѫħ۴󾪣Ҫꡣ
ʣ
һʣδ֪¾Ѫħ۵ϡ
ҽ޷ֵ
ǡ౾ԴԴʧɫ֪ʲôϽ̽𺧣û뵽ԼʶȻڲ౾ԴҲһӣӲӵĹԣͬһֽҫ¾Ѫħ۵ϣҽ
ۣ
ǿͬһ㣬ӴУһһĵȥ
ɱ
Դһȫɱ¾Ѫħ۵ꡣ


681 
¾Ѫħ۵ʱ˥ޱȣӳʶռ䡣
ӲˡԺ˵
СӣΪƾӾͿ𱾵۵㲻ҪΡ¾Ѫħŭÿ򱾵۾ó
㲻ҪƳ⻯ԺٺһЦȻһдȣħ
ʲô¾ѪħۺˣЪ˹ĺСӣҪơ
ɱԴ𣬲ɱ¾Ѫħ۵꣬ԽԽͬʱתħķҪԼʶ¾Ѫħ۵꣬ĨȥʶƳԼ꣬ȻԼ⻯
ͣ
Ӳ¾Ѫħ۵
Сӣ㲻Ҫ룬ƾ㻹Ը˱۵ꡣ¾Ѫħ˻ȴһ֡
ǾԿɡЦ
𣡡¾Ѫħ޾˻𣬵ֿӵסġ
һԣԾۼʼ԰ħĿھһĨȥ¾Ѫħ۵ʶ
¾Ѫħ۲ҽУڵ˼㣬ڴܴ˴ڣʵȴǴԭΪ̵ԣԻָһʵû뵽Լ˽ȥֱһײǽȥͷ
һһεĶ꣬һĨʶ
Сӣס֣ԸŹ㣬ɱˣס֡¾Ѫħ۴ĺˣԼһħۣȻҪƳ⻯ͻڵҪԼΪ⣬Ȼһ޷Сӡ
룡Ժ˵Ҫɱڴˣ
ɶСӣͲ±Ի꣬ͬھ𣿡¾ѪħԹ˵㲻ҪƱۣ
ãɱҲԣ볼ҡ˵ҾƴҲҪƳҵ⻯
ʲô¾Ѫħ۴ʧɫֻǲӷҵĹԼ꣬ԼʶԽԽ˥һҲۼɱʱŵûɢĬһ˵ã۴Ӧ㣡
ǻ췢ħԣһ˷û뵽¾Ѫħ۾ȻҪԼҪ֪״ħۣԼĻһ
ðɡ¾Ѫħ۴ʱѾ·ߣֻ÷ħԣԡ
ʱԸоԼȫƿ¾ѪħۣһһУҪĥ궼
ˣӦɱҵġ¾Ѫħ۳ԣȻҲԸоһ˿뷨ŵɪɪ
ҹȥȵ
ˡ¾Ѫħ۵ڴӳԵʶ˻ָ̱ڵϵĳԣ鸴ޱȡ
ˣ嶼ɢˣ˫ۣ¾Ѫħۣ˵ͬʱҲʱ˭ҳħ۳Լ
ǡ¾ѪħȻٰ㲻ԸƱǿҲֻСĽԷ
̴ӴȡʮƷʯݣȫ̷˴˵ҩŻָһơ
УƿЩָȥڡԼһ壬أ߹ǾͶ˲֪ҲҪȫָûµʱ롣
¾Ѫħ۹վһԣɫн˼㣬ĸߴ˹վԵûޱȡ
ȴ˿վֱ壬ǹǳ
üͷ¾Ѫħˣ֪Եƣһеʼٸ߾Լֱͺ³ɱԼ
һȥɨ¾Ѫħһۣ˵
ǡ⻰ͬ¾Ѫħ۳˿˵һߣͬʱ򳽻ԣ뿴ҪλָԼơ
ֻˡ˵
󣬱˫ۣһʶǲӾͳüģ˸ɫԣ漴볽Ե
ΨһָܹƵķӡ
Ϊܾӵвֲ࣬ࡢࡢ겻ȵȡ
һ仰ӵвζӵпµĻָ֮ͬһ
֮
ǿʦӵе
ңʦӵеĲ֮ҲֻǶ֫ѣ޷Ͳȡ
Ȼӵв౾Դôӵ˲֮壬ôϵҲͻָˡ
Ψһķ
ӣ
Կʼӣ壬˲ȫ౾Դ
һḶ́ǳҲûܹڶʱ౾ԴѾֻܾһʽ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶á
ڣԸоڻ˿˿ƵԼ塣

磬š
͹첢վѺ¡վһԡ
գǰڵӣֻǲԵӰ
˵Ѱңһ
¡¡
ʱһǿƥ˺¡һ㡣
һӰ߳Ȼǳԡ
ϣˡԹЦ
ʦ򳽻ԣɫ͵һ䣬ʧʵ
ʲôͷѺԶһŵĿųԡ
ҶѡԵĵ
˻
ˣҲǵһĿɿڴеݡ
ã̫ˡȷӦһ˷ܵ˵
̫ˣһɱǧԸͣ˵
Ѻ˼ͻʦûмʣ˷ޱȣԭǻûУڳԳɾʦȻͨڵĿ顣
緢һӣȵ
ߡԿѺˣͷ˵


682 
һа˳
ڵشģԣΰ׳۵ĳʤԶǬԪԱ⡣
֮󣬳԰˽ڵؽ硣
һ޼ʵɽʯܲǳһ׺УεĹеǳСϪ䣬һɫʴǶޱɽ֮С
һƵɽ֮ߣռǧ֮㡣
̾ͬһ޴һ㣬ѹķδٽܹܵһɹϡɣ߹Ϣ
ɽ֮ϣСԼ·Ǳһиɾʯ̨潨̨ͤ¥
ɽλãһƬƽ̨а﷽Բ
һ񳤽׾Ǵƽ̨£ֱɽţʮ֮
ǰڡ
ʱѺϵ鶼Ѿ޷ݣʵһžȻܹ׳۵˾ʵǲ˼顣
뵣ʤϣ;޹ֺϣܹع鱾ڣƾһ㣬ӦȥŬġ
ѾǵڣȻڵĺΰΡơ
λѾǼޱȣͬһϵͽԼʥһ㡣
ΨһƽȷʵڶݵһŵĳƺţǰţţȴǲһЩ
Ϊ֪½棬Ϊƶһݡ
ʹںųƶݵһţҲֻܹ׼һȶѣЩһźͶţֱصĲ
۽磬Ȼûгݣǰļ䣬һдڣȻҪҪ߳
ȻҲֻǺȽ϶ԣϾݣҲгԲ֪£Ͼ½̫ˡ
ȿȣȥɡڣܹƽ̾ǰŵӣȣͲϷܹġ
Ѻ˼̩ɽҲѡ
һʯ¡

ʱһɽƽ̨еһԻ͸¥зӶ
ˣȻߡ
賤ϣˡһһͷ׳ʣЦǺǵ˵ѾΪ׼Ϣ֮
ˡ
롣߰εضڰзУĿ䵽˳ϣͫٿȻһʦиǾȣԼǰӻ˵ԻǶʦû뵽ôͻһףٶȼֱǹ
Ŀ˳һۣ˵һĿǧûɵ飬ܺá
ڰУҲ۲˷ѺˣȻ糽ԣŵڣҲŵĴڡ
ȻҲûΪԼʦԵˡ
ԶߵӡҲ
ܿ죬һͥԺ֮С
賤ϣ⼸ǾסʲôҪ뾡˵
Ϸˡ
ˣѾȺʱȥɡ˵
롣
ʱ˱뿪ͥԺ
˺ϽͥԺ
ܹʱϵѾƿ˲౾ԴΪͻʦʴﵽĽף־Ҳﵽףǳû뵽ġ
¾ѪħȻڷռڣƲأΪҪָװħΪʱա
ڳԵƿУҲ塣
ͬʱڼÿһ˶֪Ե˵ĵһЩ϶ڰйע
ҲעһȴǲֻͬҳԵĴڡ
ϯӣԭһĵһˣȻΰϣЩڵ˵һھȻǿ˵زֱǲ˼飬δš
һЩԺܣҪһԵ®ɽĿ
ѺҲ뿴ڵӵķ緶һԺС
ŶӦþŵĵӰɣһ˫ü޵Ŀ⿴Ѻ˵һʦƫ֮ҲܹȾ磬ʵѵá
ˣʦɾͲԶˡһӰķе
ǺǣһûпֻǳԣҵҪһʦЦǺǵ˵
ǵһѺˣȵ֮˭ǳԣ̹
ߣһҪ
Ѻæֹڣǻǲ¡
ԣºͷ¶˶ͷ
ߣû𣿡ǵȵ
ĵ絶һɨǵӵ۾
һɫȴ࣬ŭһڵǰҲҿ񣬼ֱ·ſ£˵գһץٿȻһʣֻһֻ޴ĺɫӥצݺݵץ¡
ǺǣСˣȻ޷ֻǸͻһʦʵҲСӿԱġ
ѣҲڿ񣬼ֱǲ֪ν
ҵʶһǳԣ˵ǶʦȻǰеһˡ
ڵӼˣһϷӵ顣
ǳڣݸ߹󣬼һŵӣҲǸһȣ񼸸ڵӾȻ˿ڳԣǲֽѵһ
ҿ´һݺ壬ɫɽȻأһǰ޷ϡ
޷ʱһҽ߷һ㵹˳ȥ
ʲô
ڵӴ󾪡
ƾҲѵңɨ޷һۣȵ
㡭ۣ޷ľʱһѪ
»һۣڵҲˡ
ʲô
һΣڵ˲


683 ѵ
ұڵӣ
ʵ̫ˣһҪݺݵĽѵ
õҲţѵ㡣һ걬ӶˣȻҲֻһʦϢȴ޷ˣȻͻһʦһʱˡ
¡Ѻͷ¶˶ʱɫ䡣
ġµĵƾ˲ң
ŭ࣬ȻҲܹŽǰʮ֮Уû뵽ȻƲԼܲŭ𣬱貺â϶£ͬһɫš

趯һͽ˳ȥ
ʱ˳ǰĳɫ䣬ߺȵס֣
ֳϡѺͷ¶˼æǰ
ô£ֳüʵ
Ѻæ˵ʵ飬ɫÿ̽ס£ϣס֡
ߡһ󵶡
ס룡ŭһȫԪ棬ͬҽһϯȥҪɡ
²Ȼŭ֣һۣǧʳκ˳ȥ
ۣ
ṉ̀ɢ걾Ҳ˳ȥ
ݹҲ˵
һӾĵģ¶кµ飬Ƕû뵽һڵ߳ͿԴ޷ˣֱʲôʱ򣬷ڵҲôˣǲһִԷǱڵӣԼǷڵӡ
һУΪ±ֳʵ̫ǿˡ
ֻһʦΪȴȶʦʵǷڣҲǾصĴڣϾȻųǶݵһţͻƶʦĵӣҲֻôʮ˶ѣһʦ٣ʮҲֻǵʦΪ
òǳֽѵСһ£ڲԶһŹ棬վż׿ŵ꣬ǺȻǳӡӺͻˡ
ΪԼԴˣ;ܳ֡ӵĵ
ǡӺͻӼæͷȻ֪˵˾ǳԣǿǳԵĶ֡
ҵ뿴ܷ񴳹ء˵һأݣҲֻʮ׶ѣʮҪʦʮ׵һٽ׸ҪǿʵĽʦɴѣ
˶٣Ӽ˵أȻٲȴס
ʦ֮Ӷ˵ǰ飿
ƽΪǣԼǼ˾޵УԳԿͷˡӵ
Ӷ˵ͷ
ƽһĿⶢŵ£˵úúãҵҪ˵գͬһӳ˲Ϣڵǰ˵֪Сӣѵѵ㣬֪졣
¡
һȭ籼ǧͬڵһ£ɢϢĲ
꣡
ɫ䣬ʦԿģֱʩչ˽ꡣ
䡪
ɫƿշɳֱնȭ
ۣ
ɫֱɢһѪ˳ȥ
¡Ѻͷ¶ɫһ䣬ǰס
Ѻŭƽ˵ΪʦȻԼΪ͵֣
ҺΣƽŵƾǼɱɱ컽ǳԳ浱ͷڹ𣿡
㡭ѺŭҪ֡
ʱһƽӷ洫˳ڶĵǣҾʹΪѵһ
ƾҲҽѵңʲôƽŭ
ž
׵ģһȵƽϣѪ
˭ңƽź׵
ڵӴ󺧣֪ʲô˳֣Ȼһƾʹƽ
㲻ҳҳˡֻɫȻ˳Ŀƽ
ԡѺ
֪ˡԿ˵һۣһƽ˵ҴŵӣҪۡ
ǳԣƽ
Ҿǰ
һǰվƽǰһΡɢ
ͨ
ƽ޷֮ʱ˳ǰ˫ϥѪһųԣ˵ڵӣҴң
ž
һϣ˵һǵµģסŵӻֲѵ
ۡƽֱһѪݼѪˮʹĲҽ
˻
ڵӼһĻʱһ򳽻ԣǲ˵
ãѺͷ¶˶Ǿü
¿»иж
Ҳע⵽˳ԣʱͫ΢𾪵ʦ緭û뵽ԾȻһʦʵжǿ･ʧȥ˺ͳߵ͵ͷ
ȻͻʦӾ
̫ˣѹƽú޻֮ʧ
Եɨһۣͷƽȵ
Сӣ㾹Ȼڶ֣ڹεأͻȻһֻһ̤ն
׾ң⳽Ŀڹ棬ԼΪŹ򺢶ʵ޿ˡ븸׷ΪƽˣʱϲһĹЦԣҸڳϣҴңϽҵǸվΪɥ֮ʱ
Ӽˣҡҡ֪Եıԣӵ˶ɱֵˣ˼׵ָڳϵ


684 ָ
ž
Ȼһ⻰ֱӸƽһ⣬˵Ȼ˿ҽ㸸׽ѵһ£ȥɱ˶֪ô¡
ƽ˻УףѪǱ
Ҷ˭նҪϷһָŭû뵽ԾȻ˲ӣҵԼԼһƣֱǵ졣
ߣѵΪûнѵʸ𣿡Ц˵
˵ʲôָŭ
ųϣڳϣź֮ͬ꣬ҵλͬȻҲͬȻҵˡӦ˵
ݵСӣֺЩѪٷϻһ򳽻ץȥ
ϼһҰӻ㣬ɡһץƽ˳ȥ
סƽһԼ̱ŵûɢ
أ
ָʧɫû뵽ԾȻ˱ɣջƣѾˣֱӽԼӴѪ
ָôУŭСϷվɱ㡣
˵գһӣһ˳껮켣ݺύҪķѡ
찡ָϾȻˡ
ǳˣָϿʦһоܹ
ǰ⳽̫ˣұھȻţָɱˣͿϧˡ
ڵӴʧɫû뵽ָȻΪԼӳֶԸԡ
ʦ֣ɫ䣬˵
ˣϵ³Ҳ˴³ҡҡ˵
СģѺ˴Ҫǰ
¡Դһֱָ˵ƥ򣬾ƾ㣿˵գȻϣ齣һͽǹâȥ

ֺŭԪĵ趯ˣûԡ
죡
ֱչͬһֻͻȶ֮£һϯͬһ㣬Ʋɵϣ¡һָ˳ȥ
ɶСӣϷûꡣ
ָɫ࣬˻һݺᣬԪۣʵʣ貶ĿĹԣȥͬһǺӳ򳽻ԡ
һ־пµľ
ɢϢͿѹĽʦ˵ǳʦˡ
ָƫƫ˳Ĵڣ־ǾָԿģ˿һƥ޷ֵȴ࣬ͬһε齣ӭѶϡ
ͣ
һ죬貹Ծͱ齣и˲ָ
ʲô
ָɫ䣬֪˳ԵĿ£ʵڲԸţһʦȻӵкԼʵɶϷͲţӵʦʵ

ٿȻһֺֻſڣ˫չͬһ㡣
¡
ٿȻһףָֻ棬޾Ԫǰһ֮ͷӰӳ֣ǿеĻ棬ͬһһ㣬˻˻

ָһ˫ۿأʵʵһ㣬ݺݵĶųԣ˵СƷѧұг۷ֵ֮ˣɣ

գֻ˫һͬǴӻ߳ƬצҪɳԡ
𣿿
أһԪۣ齣У񱩣ںһ齣̵ͬĽȵĹԣҫķռ䣬ðһһƵỊ̇ռ䶼ȼˡ
׻ױ
ʱԸߺȣӴһ죬齣ݺӳϯأһ貹ڵһ֮ʯ콵һ㡣
أ
˲ϢǻϣһͲˡ
ɴɵ˳ϯָǹನҲĳ
ָ󷢳һҽУһѪ˳ȥ
һӾš
ҿʲôָϱǳԴˣôܣ
ۻˣָʦôܸһʦ
ˣһǿˣָô䣿
ڳڵӶʧ˻һ
ôܣʧֱǲԼ۾ţԼͳ֮ĲྐྵȻ֮ˡ
ӺͻӶƿԣ˵
Ϊ𾪵ˣָĶƽֻɫͣ˷ŶҲ˵ô
ȿȿȡָһԣѪ·Ⱦ죬򳽻ԵĿ⣬˼㣬ԸţԼܸ˳ԡ
ԡѺ˶һ˷֮ɫû뵽ԾȻսͨ죬ʦܹܣֱ
ҲǼޱȣȴҲЩǣϾָڳϡ
ǳԣڲԶϿգһˣϽۣһȻȻȻɵȣͬһ㣬ٴأȻڣͬ˷Դȡ
ϽˣǺӣ
ǣ˵
Ǻӵͷ͡
˿ϾԴ˵ڳϣѾɨˡ
ȥɡǺӵ
μӵ̸оǺӵĵ̹ݵ
μ
ڵ̲ΰݡ
μѺ˺ҲҲְݵ
ָָǱޱȣϵѪɣ̹İݵ⳽Ե죬޿ˡ
ߣҶѾ֪ˣɡǺһ˵ܺĶӡ
ǡָӳ鶯һ£ʵ˵


685 
ƽ˳һۣͷȥͫɭȻɱ
Ŀ⿴ȥʱ˫ĿһоǺӾͬһ죬ȫںأ컯ȻԸоĵҪɱԼĻһͿԴԼʦʵֻǲ֪ﵽ˼ף
ҵݵμ
šǺӵͷ˳һۣ˵պ󣬱Ǵ֮գϣǲҪñʧ
ǡԵ
Ǻӱ뿪ˡ
ָӺ޺޵Ŀ˳һۣ뿪
ڵȻƽȴ𾪣ȻƽȣָȴǳϣԴȻƮƮĽҹˣʵǲš
ÿһ˶еﳽԵ˼
ԣû°ɣʵ
û¡ҡҡͷ£˵֪ܷ񴳹أ
ֻһСˣûʲô󰭡Ц
áʮ˵ȻǱڣҲܶҷڵͷ򼴱˴ܹع鱾ڣҲûкӹ
Ѻͷ˵
˵һһû㿴͸̾
ˡԵ
ˣҽݣ֪һ´֮¡˵
˵ͷ
ڻعıڣҪأؾͿԻع鱾ڡƽϢһ£˵һǴݣһٽףϰʮףͨһأڶսңһصĿռڴһͬԼսʤңɹأһħأҲΪأܹӰǵ޷ƣʧܡ
أҲۿصӵѣǳܶɡ˵һشݣۼҲڵҲȥǳӣ̤ϵھʮס
ʲô
˻һѺºͷ˶ɫ䣬ǳ¶ء
Ƕ֪ӵʵɾȻֻ̤ϾʮףôѺǺ޻ᡣ
Ҳó֪Ϊǧ궼޷ع鱾ڣֻһ㣬Ͳô򵥵ġ
ѺȻһ㣬˶򳽻ԣ֮У˭пܴأǳˡ
˴Ǿɡ̾˵
ϣһ߾ȫ˵
ˣȥϢɡ˵
£֮ĵ

ɽľ࣬Ȫ洦ɼɺסչ߷ɡ
ڲԶһĿأһʯɣѩΣÿһף˳Ⱦ಻٣һٽס
ϣѾвڵ߹ۿӵ˺Ȼڣӵȼһ
һƽ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ǳںâ
ߴһԲʯϣǺԼϥϣʳعâͬʺһϣϢһ㡣
ֻԡѺ¡վڰ̨·
̧ͷʯףԸܵһʥࡢʥַϢɫƽ޲
Ѻȴ¶ţ̬ǲŵһЦ
ʦǿߣǳԸʦǿߣžȻܹ
ǰǳԣʵ׺ָ϶ˣҪָ֪Ͽʦ
찡ѹʦֵ˶Ķ֡
ڵӿ򳽻ԵˣСۣǶԳԸעϾһսָ֮ܳ£Ѿʱﴫڡ
ߣȻָܵͣˣһĿ⿴򳽻ԣɫڳ֮𣬾Ȼһ֮ϣֱ涪Ϊܶ೤ϿеЦ
һ㣬ָ;ʲݺݵɶСӣû꣬ϷһҪ㸶ۡ
룬Բ֪
֪ҲὫ츳ãͻΪָĴڣھԵʵǰһıƶͽ͵ġ
ʱ߳ǰ˵ǰʯݣһؾǣֻҪϰʮףأ֮ʧܡ˵ţɨӳһۣ˵ڿʼɣ

ԣһۣͬʱݡ
˲䣬˾͸оһϣ˫ųǦ·һεɽѹԼһ
򳡣
һû뵽ڻ£ڶݵһ֮
Ȼһռ䣬Ҫͨûκνҿԣȫ̵ʵ
ԽϣҲԽ
ȴһϲΪ򳡣ֱһʵĺõط
Ѻ¡˵Ϊ޼һʦ
ԷѺʵǿ´֮ٴ֮˵ʵҲһ̣ȫ¶
տʼǰʮף˵ٶȶ޼һ˵ٶȶ˲ͬȵ½
ʮʱ䣬䵽棬ֻÿһѵʱ䶼ǰʮ׶֮һ
ǳԣǽٶһֱδı䣬ɡ
˿̣Ѿʮס
ٶȻûб仯·ڵɽһ㣬˿ѹϡ
ʵϣֻԼŸоϵԽԽأ˫žͬһÿһģӣֻԶηԼԾȵʹ
·һأĿϣâ
Ǻǣ賤ϣͷİɣ˾޷ϰʮףԳԳϵʵҪǲƴ֮ЦǺǵ˵Ѿ֪Եʵûֱӽֺ֣˳϶֡
οԱŵĳϣƺҲ


686 ֮
ϼԡ
Ӽվһԣۿԣ˵˲֪һǲ֪⳽ܷϾʮס
ʵ˵ʮסһٽҲԡһƽ˵
˻һӺͻӶ˶һ
ŰɣҲһһԵݵһٽ׵ˡӵֻ֪ԵĿ£ָܹʵѾֱʦȻˣһ㣬ǳҲĪ
ָϣ˵ܹϾʮ׷񣿡һԣһͬĳ볤ЦǺǵʵ
ΣΣֺЦ
ǺǣϷͦشӵġЦ
ߡָһٶԡ
ʮˡʯϣһĿ˵ĲƵȻûиı䣬ӶĿȻﵽһľ硣
ǰ䣬ʮ꣬ΪѾЩһŵˡԱߣһ׷ͯյ̾˵
ʦϾʮްͿܷϺʮס˵
ô׷ͯյ߿Ǻӡ
ϣ˵Ĳ츳ڰһʦҲ˵ǺӵȻ˵
Ŷû뵽Դ˿ã߲˵
ѵ𣿴ӵѾﵽĽסǺӺЦ˵־Ҳﵽס
ʲôϺͶԶ¶𾪣˼Ŀųԡ
Ľʣ־Ϸ磬ҲԶԶ硣ϵͷ˵
˵ڵһšЦ
ΣҲҪڣˣȻ磬ﵽ߽ʦӦòΪǺۺ룬˵
ãȻˣº󣬾ڡϵ
Ҳͷ
ͬʱѺѾʮףֻٶȴһ룬ÿһҪʱ䣬ֻ˶ͷ˺飬𽥱ˮʪָоѾܾûиܵˡ
ǳҲˣʮס
ֻͷк飬һһε˳յڽ£ðһƵģ籡һ㣬Ҳǽ
ܹоõʮףҲҪ߽׵ʦΪ
ôʮף͸ʦΪ
޹ֺԳӵʵҲֻǵϾʮס
Ȼ壬Ҫϰʮ׵Ļ練ƣܹĵطȴǲҡ
ԣһʼͽԼΪѹһʦһһߡ
ģоԽԽǿ˫أȫƤ⵽ѹѪҺڽзڣͬڴڴڵˮһ㡣
ָоĳ죬ʮֵ
ⱻ֪ĻǵĿɿڴɡ
Χ۵Ӿû˵۲쳽ˣƽҲǲɫȻǶԳԼǺģҪ
һյʱȥѺ˽ʮס
ֻ˵ٶһӾͬɽһ㣬һڵ̩ɽ
ʮϣԵӰڻǰС
ٶȼУһţǼѡ
ʮŽ̤ʮ׵ʱһʮȻѹϣ̩ͬɽѹһ㣬һͣ˫ųֳ״Ҳ͵úϸСĺѾɻƶС·ʪ˴롣
ȻֻһʦΪǰС
ѹϣĸоѪҺٱĦһ𣬷죬ȴͬˮһ㣬¡
ˣ϶¶ɻ֮ɫ
ԳӵʵҲԵϾʮףΪγԲŵʮף˳ˣ
ңָܹҪϾʮ׵׾ٲŶԣֹˣ
ô£ɻʵ
ڴǡ˫۷žâ˵Ҳǲĵط
ʲôӺͻӶǳһŵĿ򳽻ԣһϿͨؿ飬Ȼǣֱǲš
ָҲ˳Եͼɫ˵Сӡ
Ȼ󣬲ȴһķӣΪѹƣ壬Ȼ򵥣ȴЧԱһ˵
ָȻŭҲò⻰
ȤϺЦ˵
˶ͨΪĿأȴΪĿأǵһϵĵ
ܹߵգǽҡǺӵ
ȴв֮Це˵
šʮο
һгԶ֪һһĴǡ
¾Ѫħһս˲д룬Ѫǲ౾Դ»֮塣
ҲˣͻĽף־ﵽס
һУʱװ׵ġ
ΪˣԲݵǣΪľԼ̫죬ɸȣ˻ȻŹѵõĻᡣ
Ѻ˿ǰǵӰǳ˾壬ͬʱͷ
ԭΪԼӽӣû뵽һضѣֱû
ûзΪţΪԼҲҪϧһеŬ
ο˶֮
ͬһ磬ǿߡ
ڣǵʮס
¡
ʱǸоһ޷ֿԼϣȫڼĦͷ·Ҫѿˡ
˶һԼ֮ġ
ȴǲ磬Ƿ£һʶûдﵽѺ͵¶ȻҲֻǴﵽһʵĵز
ԣһ̤ʮףϵƾһӳֳˡ


687 
һʦΪҲԶͬ׵ʵݣߵպʣʵ档
ΪʦУҪٽһǼļѣ־ϣҪغʦߵδܹ߶ԶѺȻûйעⷽ
ԣǳ˴
ϵѹǺֱһǻҪѹѵĸоѪ·ֹͣԪͣ޷֫ٺ䡣
УҲ䣡Ѻͨ죬ƶСĺˮһڽ£ȫʪ͸ˣĿļᶨǰǵӰ·һƣָǰ
̤
һ죬һʮס
һǰδеĳдȫоͻƣʵǿ
´Ұޣϵ־𣬸߰ϢХŲڷѺ֮
ʱ¸оֳ֧һĨ԰ס
ֻ˫ڲҡҡ׹
ߣûУǷڵӣΪʦĻȴǱ޷ǱڵӱȽϡ
ֻһŶѣôԴӣ˵עػˡ
Ǻǣʦһ磬ɲͬʦ͵ʦҪȫ־ҪǼߣͺñΪͬߣʵĸߵͣЩؾġ
ˣڵӶһЩмһԽ
ȻһУ֪ʵҲûзΪԼֻʦѣ޷ָѺˣǳԣΪͬʵԶ򳽻̻ࡣ
һУڶźͲŶڣⶼʵģڣʦܵĴڣȻ˽־ʦǿߵҪԣôͿδѣ֮ǿʵҪԣôͲˡ
һ̾£˵£Ҫǿ¾ͽ˰ɡ
Уϣ¿ԡǾǿһ棬һ˳ҧȶŲȻתԪϢƽһһǼļѣ˫ųطǳоһֲɶֹĲ
δεĺյ䣬ִ󣬾ͬһ㡣
ȣ
ȣһ
ʮף
¡¡
̸оһǿϲԭص壬һƮƮĸо
һʣ
۾һ֪Լ˷Ѻ˵һʡ
ǰ֪ʲôһʣˡ
ʮһף
ʮף
ʮף
һµʮĽס
ã¶Ƶļȵ
ĵͷ
û뵽Ȼɹˣɽ˵
ʵȻ־ףŮ˵ȴޱȼѣܹһ˵Ǳľ˵ġһƽ˵ǶڵĻӦҵ޼
ԣӺͻӶ˶ĬȻȻ֪ԼܹнĳɾͣŴ֧֣ԴϣȲţṩϼѵѺȴܹһʵˡ
ǿĺӡĿһ۷£Ц˵
ǰžȻд˵ȵӣǳϷ󡣡˵
λĵĻΪӣǲܾġǺ˵
šϺͶ϶˲÷ĵͷǿɶʦܣԸһӣӶӵЩϵĶӶἷԴݼ
ףʮˡȻǺ
ֻѾ˰ʮףٶȻûмһһͬɢһ
ֻÿһʱ䶼ҪϢʱ䡣
ˣǺӺʹϡ϶¶ԾǣڳͬȵΪ֮£Ǿġ
ɴ˿ɼԵǱƴ
ɶ񣡡ָȴûʲôɫһ
ƽҲˣѾζԸԡ
ʮףҪʦΪ⳽ȴһʦΪȥȻһˡһ˵
츳־Ǿˣһšһ˵
˵ţһҪڡɫ˵ڴ½ĵλŻһ
Զͷ
ʱѺ˶ʮףǵٶѾˣһҪʱ䣬ĲٵԪĥֱܣĦ·ʱпɢһ㡣
һּΣյﵽ޵ס
Ѻ˶һ㣬֪ǿ󣬲ܹͳԱ⣬ȴԸ
һ壬ǲԸ⿴һս
һۣǵͷҪ
ԣѺκһ˶вǵ츳ڵĻǾһʦҲԿԵϰʮס
Ϊһʦʵһб׼
κһڵӣֻҪͻһʦԵϰʮס

Ѻ˷ǰһ
˵˫ŶڲĿͨ죬͹ĹĵģŲأĦ
ͬʱ˰ʮס
ߡͻȻƺһȻһѪ
ʲô
˴ʧɫԡ
ô£
˶ɻ
ãСˣҿôȥֻҪɲڵӣҾһַŪ㡣ƽˣͷЦǳ
ԡǵ
ģû¡ߺЦ˵ֻһʦʵ޷ѣѾ˰ʮףˡ
šɫһɡ


688 һٽ
ˣǰһ˵ԣѾϰʮףչ涨Ѿɹ˵һأȻԼʣµĶʮף;ˣ޷ء
лѡĨȥǵѪ˵
ͬʱ˶򳽻ԣҪǼʣµĶʮף
أ
ڴʱȫ۵һһѪȥ
¡Ѻ͵¶˶ɫһ䣬
û£Ǽ±˵
ϣûáһ֮ɫ
Ѿˡοİɣˣһԡ
šµͷ
ʯϣҲµĶʮףټ
ԣ𣿡ʱƽЦҾ֪ʵǿҲһٽݣڿȻһȼ֮
ǺǣһǿиɵˣʵǿδعݣɾҲˡ
ҳӴʦȻֻǶʦȴܹϾʮף⳽ʦΪȴֹڰʮףҲˡ
һڵӶѣܹ̤ϰʮѾǲˣ㻹Ҫͨ𣿡
һЩƽĵӣСۣĿȴǿ򳽻ԣ¶ͳЦɫ
ԣ㻹ǸϿɣ׷ˡƽ
ָһԿˣһԲͺûпһ㡣
ƽǲ֪һ㶼𣿡Ц
Ŀǳ֮Ӳм
ôɡӿ򳽻ԣһƽ˵
ǺӺͼλҲǿ򳽻ԣĬȻƺҲûƽ֮
ΣΣɫȻĿƽʵ
Σҿǹˣбݡƽһм˵߲ǿЩҪﶪۡ
ʮֵ⣬ҵˣ֪ٽݣǿҪ߽ʦʵҲ߽ʦΪȻָ󣬵ƽԲţʵ
ɣ
ǿĥĥˡ
ٺ٣Сӣɡ
ƽ£Ӷԣ֪ʵԼǿҲ£ǿɲţԵﶯ֡
ƽ˫֣֮ɫԱ
أЦʵҿɲļҪӦĴۣҲݣסѾɵһˡ
㣿ƽʱһǳɫ漴СӣҾͲܹݣ˵Ҫ߽ʦΪݣҵ첻ʵǿҲˡ
°ܽѡԵ˵
ƽô˵ݣҾ͸ʮƷʯ
̫ˣûȤҡҡͷ˵˵˵ó֮ӣҲֻܹóʮƷʯ𣿿ڵһĽҲˣҿҲˣͲҪҶˣ̫ѿ
ʲôƽԶʱַһ࣬еһƷʯ
ûУ͹һȥޱĵŭˣƽһٶ鷳Ǳѵһ£´ΣԾҪɱ

˶һû뵽ԾȻʨӴ󿪿ڣƷʯɲһ˿óģǳӽӣҲòƷʯ
򣿡ƽһ˵洫ӣָ֮ӣݵλ󣬵ҪóƷʯȴò
תƽû뵽ǰʯͷԼĽţһЦ
ӣƽǸѿˣ޲ɱԡ
ġʱһ
סƽ˵òƷʯ
УģҵҪݵġָ˵
ãסƽһҧĿɭȻĿ򳽻ԣԣҸġ
һΪԵ
һ£һڵƷʯ𣿡ƽɫȻһ䣬ɫ˵ɱװǣ
ߣⴢоƷʯͳ˵㲻ţ߳ϲ鿴
ãԸ֤ˡûȤۿԺƽĶĶ֪ţݣҪ֪Ҳֻܹߵʮ׶ѡ
Եͷȥ
߳һѽסʶһɨһĨԾԻ˳ԣƽ˵Ѿ鿴ˣԳȷʵƷʯ
޻˵˰ɣЦʵ
ãСӣҾͺˡƽЦȻԸƷʯҾˡ
˶һû뵽һڵӾȻƷʯǲУԼǷڵӣԲǱڵӵĴϾзڵӱȱڵӸǮ鷢
Ψгӵ֪ؾ߾ǳԣ˵ƷʯǳóƷʯҲᾪȡ
ⶼ⣬ǣݣ
ǺӺͼλҲһĿ򳽻ԣݣҪ߽ʦΪſԣȴֻʦȻʦʦʵҲǿ˰ɣ
һ˲䣬˵Ŀⶼ˳ϡ
Ѻ͵¶˷ûȥעˡ
۾ˡĿٿȻһȵ
ҿúƽм˵
Ȼһ̣˲ʧܣ
ֻԺȻһ׹⣬ͬһ㴩¶ʮףվϷڷ죬ڷϣԸƽͬԼĳһ㣬ƽһֶĤݵ˼롣


689 һ
ۣʱƽһѪ죬¶һŵ飬˵ôܣ
ƽţϣҲţԾȻɵľݣ룬γ˼ķֱǲԼ۾
⡭ϺͶһۣ˱˴е𾪡
Ǻվ򳽻ԣ˸â
Ѿȫס¶ƽļ顣
ͣ˵ԺҲֻһͷôܣ
һ̣ӵ˲Լͳ֮Ĳൽж󣬳׾˺ͳͷ
˵ǱߵģûгԵĳ֣Ȼϯ洫ӣȻǶһһˣȴһйâΪڶ׼ȷ˵ܹн̶ܴΪ˳ӣɾ
ǰӺǲʣԲ˵ڶսԡ
˳ԱԼǿǿܶࡣ
ڣӼȴһ֪ԽڵĻԸԼˣҪ֪ǿڲؾɱԵġ
һۣҡ
ôܣָȫԭأŵĿųԣƷʯĶעĶڵѪƷʯ˵ҲһʲСĿ
ԣѺ͵¶һ𾪣󣬳ԵʵȻ֮ǿҲһƬᶨҪʮס
ৣ
һ䵽棬ƽ˵ʯأ
㡭ƽ뷴ڣȴоһǿԼϣãͷ亹৵ĵ˵ס
ȥָһҧӳһȴǲʣòãΪ֪ƽǺͳԵ˵ĵģϵڴˣڵĻһԿĿ»Լ
áԽӹʶһɨ಻Ʒʯ
תǰԵϡ
áһ
ԣǺˡһε˵
ģһͨʣأ㲻õġԼᶨ˵
šµͷ֮ǰ˵⻰һɣš
ԣǵһϷȵˡ߿򳽻ԣ˵ϷҲţһܹع鱾ڡ
˵㳽ԡ
ԵͷһΣҪȥΡ

ڴʱһֻѺʵڵʮŽϣ͵ü˫ŴΣҪһ
Ѫϵ·ֹѵĺۼ
´˿ҲòȥֽҡҡλΣ籩еһСݣʱпܱûɣȻڼ֣־˼ޣǴﵽ۷塣
һ۾Ϳ˿̵ĵ±ȷѺӵΣա
ֻһֱǱݵ򵹣˴֮Ǵļޣͻơ
ۡһѪ˻𣬡Ҳ
һɽʯĵΣڵͷȫھĦͷ·Ҫһ㡣

˻Уס壬һ֡
һּ֣η
һ㣬ôڵӶݣѺѪܵҲǣڵܹнĳɾͣżȻҲΪڷڣȴӵпȱڵӵΪ
¡
ҽѪҲȻȥһѪ
һ̸̣оһƮƮڵһͬȪĸоȫϢ˲ָޱȡ
ʮף
´һ̤ȥ
أ
ǷѺսʤңﵽ弫޵ͻơ
̫ˡ
šµͷ˫ۺᡣ
Ҳһο֮ɫѺ͵µı֣ڣһεĿ飬ǽĳɾͻһ
á߸п
˶ίʵϺЦ˵
Ӧȫǡϵͷ˵
ǰǺҲǸˣϾҪǿ󣬾ͱиǿѪҺѺ͵¶ȻһڵѪҺ̼˴ڵӵĴԣ֪ܶ¡
һĻȻ価ÿһڵС
ȻƲѺ˷ڵӵݣǵıȴǵõǵϿɣҲǼĲʣѵԼñڵӻ᲻һڵ
ҪŬˡӵ
ǰǹ̫ݣ̫Ϊˡӵͷ˵ŬĻͱڵӳˣһܶ顣
ǿưɡɽЦ
ߡָıȴÿһ
ƽҲòȥƷʯԣѺһˡ
ãһؿԡѺ£ͨһأտʼеڶؿ顣˵
ǡӦ
󣬳һ˻صԺϢ
ڶأսң򵥵˼ǺһԼԾԼʤ֮ܡ
ֿ飬ҲڵӾġ
ܹɹԼĵӣȴǲ࣬ôȼ˰ˡ
ΪԺܿ췢֣ԼֱһʵԼͬ˫̥һԼѧԷȫᡣ
Դ飡
Դ׹Ⲩ
Դ죡
Ƭ̣ȫǾסˣΪȴڣһڶڣǰĶ󣬾һԼԼʩչκνԷܹʩչ
ӡ
һҧó˷ӡֱӺ˳ȥȻ˭֪ԷҲó˷ӡ
飡
һģһķӡһ𣬱Ƭ⣬ͬ⺣һ㡣


690 ս
⡭һʱֹͣͣ˭֪ԷҲֹͣ˽ڶȴʱƣʱսʤԼʧܡ
ԣ㳽ʱ䣬ҲҾʹ˰֡
Դٷţ
Դ׻ױ
Դʢ˥ʱ
ȫԪĵͬӵˮ֮
ȻǳɱоҲȫԼȫ⡣
հν
ԶȻȣ齣ɨ£糤գٶȿ쵽˼㡣
ǣԷҲһհν
ͣ
ԺԼͬһѪԷֻһۡ
ǳԼʶ㣬Ҳһ
׸ƽ⣿ͷЩˣһθоǿ¾ѪħĶ֣зֶΣȫԼȴ޲ߡ
ֱһǿı̬Ķ֣Ȼʵ¾Ѫħۣȴ߱ԼеֶΣȫû
ϻã취Կʼϻá
ҹ۲ˣģᣬȻˣʩչ㲻ġϻ˵
Ҳ᣿һ˼۾ٿȻһ˵˵Դµʽ
ֻܴϻ˵ģҲᣬֻҪµĽҪоҲҪһʱ䣬ͿԴˡ
һԴµĽԼͿԴһ˲Ĺ򣬲ȻԷҲʩչͬʽǾ޼ˡ
ֻǣԴµĽпûôףԲڤ˼롣
桢硢࣬ԣԼܹںϵĶѾںϣҪٴںǧѡ԰
ңҲ֪ѾԼĿǰľںѾԼļˡ
ںϣԲĿǰԼܹġ

ͷ磡
ͷ磡
ԶԻ桢磬˽Ͳ˽⣬㡣
ΪгɣֻСɡ
ȴǿģΪӣ˲౾Դ
һֻԴǿ
ȻˣҲԲ౾ԴԴµĽУֻԲ౾Դ˽̫ˣδͨ͸ȫĥ½Դͷ
ԣֻĴ϶ˡ
֪ʱѾȥһʱ

Ȼһʱγһǿ

ԼҲһ޾硣
ǧ֮һʱ䡣Ŀһ̸оԼʩչУԼʩչ֮ʱʱȴֻǧ֮һʱ䣬̫ˣ̵ԺԲơ
Ҳһַ֣Щ˷ܡ
ͣ
ٿȻٴһ޾ݺγأ糤ҫķء
֮Ⱥʩչһǰһศɡ
¡¡
ȻͦԼ˫ֳ齣ͷ֮ͬʱںϣ齣Уݺݵ£ʱһǿĽϯֻ⽣ɫȴǺɫɢŨŨϢ

ںĽ磬һ˲佫Լ˳ȥ
һĻ˵ʵڵʯ֮䣬ԼӦѾԻɳȥˡ
磡ٿȻһ˵ͽ籩ɣ
籩Դ½
ȳȥˣ֪Ƕ˴ȥûСһȥ
֮⣡
ϣʧˡ˵
Ѿˣ𡣡ο˵
֪ԺͷѺܷͨ˵
һǴңԼԼģҲᣬѴܡ˵
ߣһˡƽһ˵ͻһʦҲսңȴʧˣӦҲΪԻܡ
ָЦƷʯǼĲˬ
ǺӺʹϡϵҲһԡ
һأ޷ۼֻȴ
ৣ
ʱһӰ˸
Ѻ
ߺȻǷѺȴû˿˷ɫʣҲǵͷ˹
ѺѾˡ̾ѺҲʧˣΨһϣڳˡ
ϣܹɹѺ
һºͷ¶ͬʱ˵˵꣬һۣ˵г֮٣һҲ⡣
Ѻ
⻰΢һ㣬𳽻һݴţӦԼİ취
ȻûͨҲˣǳҲˡƽЦ
˵Ĳںܹߣ⳽ǿҲ⡣
һԼ̸ףг֮١
˵ǣһ̫ˣʦֵ˿һûͨ
ˡ
ʱ¥Ȼһ׹⡣
ˣ
Ⱦ쵽ǺӵˣֱŵĿ¥λá
ȷʵв֮˵
ңΨһİ취Դµѧӵ츳ͬѰ˵
֮ҡǺӵ
ܣƽָٴʧ
ǸʧˡֻԵӰǰЦǺǵĿָӡ
ߡָһ䲻
ϣҲߵǰְݵ
úúáסԵ˫֣ۺᡣ
ԣϷԾ߿򳽻ԣص˵
߳ˡԵ
Ǻǣ㲻ǫ飬ϷѾʼڴյصıˡ߰Ц


691 ħ
ĹˡӲ˵
󣬵ʲô޷ġһ𾪵˵
츳ԶԶҵȡͫ΢֣ԽǶԳԵ˽Խ࣬ͻֻ֮ᷢĲԽ󣬹ۿؿ飬ֱҴ
һΣڶڵ糽ˡ
˵ݣǻɣͨҹأһʵ֣Щͻʦ洫ӣΪ֪ҹصҲκ޷֡
ȴˣ˵ԵʵǺǿġ
ڴճԴأħˡ
һҹ޻
ڶܿ͵ˣһΣڲԶһɫ¥С
¥ߣʮɣͨīι죬˵ĳ񣬵ȴܹоһ鶯ҡĸоͷ·¥Īɻдһ˵־Ĳҡˡ
һЩӸҿֻ̫Զ
ȻдǰǺӵҲǲԶɽϹۿҲ뿴ܷ񴳹ȥ
ԣ͡Ѻ
ºͷ¶Ҳ򳽻ԣûж˵ǵѾ˳ԡ
ϣȥˡԵ
ԣɣѾһǧ꣬ٵȸһǧꡣ
֪Ե
ԣħأߵһ޷ֶãصҪǣдһʱء˵
Եͷǰȥ˿
ٽɫ¥ԾȻоһħȻǰħϢȴŨ⡣
֨
ɫŴ򿪣һԨƺϢɢ
ৣ
һӶ룬Ӱ
˿ţ֪ʱܹԵӰ
ɫ¥ڣһ룬͸оԼ뵽һ統У̸оһ¶ͷ̰ޡɱ¾ȵȣͷ˳Եͷͬˮһ㽫û
˲䣬⵽ش
ۣԾȻһѪήҲ
Ե˫Ŀȴ˸̰ͺ񿴼˾޴ıأҪռΪС
ת·𿴼Ůˣű¶ģһЩݵĶһ˫˫˿һĽЦ
һֿ̣ԼΪһɱħͷĽ£ʬǳɽѪɺӣͬһɱ֮Ұ
Դ˫ۻָһ˿
ܿͳȥ
ã֪ԼܵӰ죬־ˣ˥öãĽ֮ĶҪʱǻ߳ȥһ޷Ϊ䡣
ǣھ뿪

ԲԸ⣬ԼȫļУԼɽԸ
ӡ
۾һӡԳɿռ䣬Լռ棬ԿԶһʱʱһأҲͿԻع鱾ˡ
У
ܿ죬Ծͷˡ
ôԼͳʧܣԡ
ǽޣҪһǰ;
㵽ռȥȻˣĽҲȱݣ޷Ľޡ
ǣǰóʮ࣬Լɹ
ʹѪ
ˣ̫ˣҺħľʳɡڴʱһ䵽ԶУ·Ǵ˷ġ
˭ȵ
¡¡
޾ڰռһӿֻһ޴ħӰϷʮɸߴΡһɽһ㣬ɢǿϢͬʵħ
һ۾ͿǰħӰʵ塣
ħħ壿ʵ
ħһ԰ǳ˵ħħ壬ħѪͳСܹΪħľʳӦøе˲ǣģ㲻̫ʹ࣬ħֻǻὫһһɶѣʱħͿԽΪӸ߼Ĵڡ
ħ壿ǰħأʵ
ħ壿ħû뵽Ի⣬ҲܾҲ˵Եʣһûмڶ֣˵ħеһͼ壬ͲܹΪħ壬ֻͼĴڶѣܹҺħᲢۣ
ħʵ
ߣСӣ֪Ҳգħ͸㣬ħ½֮磬Ǹ½ӵĸߵȵλ棬½磬ħ嶼֪ж壬ħǿһ塣
ħųԣ˵ȻҲ̫࣬ˣһֱǸĶôĴڣܹħ𿹺⣬ѾǸʧˡ
ʲôֱԭأһ֮ɫȫû뵽½֮ϻ˲׳磬ľҡ
ٺ٣Сһ벻ɡħٺЦ˵ˣھñħУΪһɡ
ԺȻʵѵû𣿡
磿ħ·һޱȺЦЦСӣħʵɣϵĴڣû֪״治ڣΪû˷硣
ʲôٴα𾪵ˣǰһֱΪͻʦͿ½硣
ҲŴµģħȻ˵óһֲŵĸо
ٺ٣ħ֪ˣԴϹħ½Ժ뿪ķͲڣҲûνʦ磬Ǹ֪ЩΪ½֮ϣ磬ԲԣħЦͬڼСһ㡣


692 Ϲ
ԡ޿ɷϣħʵô˵½ֻһ͵ȵλ棿
͵λ涼㲻ϣһ½һʦڣƿĿռڶ½λʧȥϵ꣬ڸû֪ĴڣѾȫˡħ˵
ħ嵱ΪҪ½ʵ
ٺ٣Ϊ½һеλ棬Դḻǿ࣬ħ̫ˣ֧ڶ࣬Դӻǲ½ͳΪħȥĿꡣħ˵½ǿ߸ħĶ֣׷װˣ뿪أҲɱ
һйȥ½ҲͳΪħ˵
ΪʲôЩȥǿ߲Կһսң˻ʵ
ħЦһ˵Ҳˣ½Ϊһʦ޷Щǿʲô
ԭ̾Ϣ˵
ٺ٣Сӣ֪һǲǺ츳ףҲ޷ʦ벻磬ھ͹׳аɣñħǿ󡣡ħٺһЦ˵
ôħʵ
ħһ㶣˵ߣ㲻ùܡ
ҿǱӡ˰ɣЦ
ֻҪħָħ֮Ϳ뿪طˡħŭ˵
ǺǣħΣ㲻Ҳ벻½𣿡ЦǺǵ˵
ⲻܣħа취ħ˵
˳һۣ˵Сӣ㲻ˣ㱾ħ㣬Ҳ벻
Ϊʲôɻʵ
ħܹ֮뿪ΪֻҪһָħ֮ͿԹͨħ壬뿪½ħ˵
Եͷ˵벻½ˡ
ħȻĿһһƽ˵СӣͱħԵħ԰뿪½
Ŷʲô취ԺȻܸ˵ʵʵϣѾ˲²⣬ͷЦҪħҪʲô
ֻҪԸΪħĺᣬӵбħľѪͿ뿪½ħ˵Ȼ
ҪЦ
һˣֻҪӦħҪھͿӵħѪӵħȻħ뿪뿪طôħҲһ뿪½ħ͵Ŀ˳һۣ˵
򳽻ԣųֵܹסջ˵ô
Ŀ˸Ȼ¾Ѫħۣ
ħħһ֧Ѫͳħ壬Ѫ⣬Ҳħ壬һħۼĴڣȻͬˣôǷҲͨͨħ壬뿪½
뵽̹ͨ¾Ѫħۡ
ˣ¿֪Σգвпʧܡ¾Ѫħ֮󣬳˵ճ˵Ȼ½λԻ͹һλ洫󷨣ҵ󷨵Ļδز뿪½
֪ˡԵͷ۸ħ˵ʵɶԸ
ˣĻħҲħǿߡ¾ѪħС˵
һ㶣ʵѵʦ֮ľ磿
Ȼˣߵϵ½ϵòλϿɣһ˵Ϊﵽ뿪½ľ磬֮ϣһλ湫ϵΪϵֱ컯˾һ󾳽磬ÿһֱΪڡڡС硣¾Ѫħϸϸ˵Ȼλһ»֣Ծͬ磬ʵҲǷǳġ
¾Ѫħ˵˾֮ϣ¾Ͳ֪ˣҲǷ翵磬֮ħ꣬δ˵˷ģ¿ҲڣǴڣҲһЩǸǿѡ
šԵͷ¾ѪħȻĺȴͷͷǵһԼȷʵаĵط
룬ʵħжԸķ
ˣħħǿʹʵ½Ͼ״ħۣǺħӡڴˣʵ²ǰһº֣ҪԸҲǲܡ¾ѪħϸϸĿԡ
ǣԿħۣʵħۣˡðһ䣬ʲô磿
ٺ٣СӣΪƾʵͿԺͱħԿ𣿡ħٺһЦ˵½ħ֣ħħۼĴڣħеľŽħۣȻʵĲ٣ȻܹԿ˵ġ
ԣͷ˼˵Σ
㣿ӲʮɣħҲϣǾͼ˵⣬ֻһţܹͻʦѾļˡ
ҶʮꡣԺЦ˵
Ŷ̫ˣħţҵİ֮£һԳΪ½Ϲĵһʦǿߡħ˷˵
죬ûİҲлﵽʦ㲻糼Ұɡ˵
˵ʲô㣿Сӣħŭˣܾĥʱ㳼ҲóҲóʱħ꣬ռ壬뿪סħĹط
һ뵽ˣħ̲סЦ
ˣ¾ѪɣԴһӡ


693 ҷ

¾ѪħΡɽһڰվڳԣͬһһ㡣
΢İħ壿ħͻȻ¾Ѫʱһ㾹Ȼһͼ࣬ǰħȻħ΢Ĵڡ
¾Ѫһ֡Դ
ǡ¾Ѫħ۹Ӧ
ˡ
һ̣Գ׼ħ̺౾Դ
ͬʱ¾ѪħҲԾ
Ϊħû壬ڴˣӡԳԺ¾ѪֻԾ
ħһҽУû뵽Ժ¾ѪȻĹŭ˼㣬˻ƾҲ˺ħ룡
籩
ħȻǿ󣬵ֻܶԳԶʩչ鹥
䣡
¾Ѫİħ鹥޷Ӱ쵽ԡ
οԷֲ౾ԴȻܹ籩һֹûܶӰ졣
ңΪˣҲǵ־ᶨֵܹһ籩
𣡡
ħȻҲʶԼĴʩչҵ籩ҪȼԵ𣬡Сҷɣ
¡
¾Ѫҹ빥
úħŭѣⱰ΢İħһȻԸħħҪ
λñ䣡
ؼʱ̣ʩչλñ䣬ȻֻǵһأϾϾϵѧףúħԵ
ˣ
ʱħоһѣΣǰһ磬Լص˸ճʱ򣬱Щǿħ۸
ҪҡħµĴУͫоţҪܣ
ˣħǿÿԽʶĨȥ꣬һ߰ħʱ¾ѪħۺȻ˵˫ۿ򳽻ԣͷŲѣ֪ӵаħܵһ쳽԰ԼΪ⻯
ҲģԼһС㱻֪
ã֪ܲ¾Ѫħ۵˼˵ĲħǾŽ״ħ۵ĴڣƳΪԼ⻯Ƚ¾ѪħΪԼ⻯Ҫǿöࡣ
ѹ
ԴһӡȻ£ֱӴ˺ħϡ
߷Ĳҽ
¾Ѫˣ̹ħ꣬и
ˣĨȥʶ¾Ѫ˵
áһ¾Ѫħ۵İ£ʼĥħʶ
ͬʱɫ¥֮⣬˻ڵȴ
ÿһ϶֮ɫš
೤ʱˣĨȥͷĺˮСʵ
ϣѾʱˡһӲŵ˵ϣħ紫ΣΪ⳽ôʱ䶼û£˵ħˡ
ϷҲ֪һԿ϶û߳Ҳɻ󣬰˼⡣
ѾǼһƬΪ֪Ѿɹ˵أһ󳬳ʱ䣬ֻǲ֪Ϊλ˵û£ǿѾȥˡ
ô£˵Ӧ֧ôòŶԡϿɫ¥˫۾â˸˵
ѵȫûδܵħӰ죿Ǻü˵
ܣħħ壬ǰħԱģǿȾŽʦĴڣȻӡȴǴڣħɻߣҵȶ޷ֵοһʦҡҡͷ˼˵
ΪλˣǺü˵᲻ᱻħӰ죿
Ӧòᡣϵ
УΪԷһǻǽȥ˵
áǺҲ֪Ϊλˣͷ
ৣ
ǺҪ򿪺ɫ¥ʱ򣬴źȻ򿪣ԵӰǰ
Ľʦ
쵽ԵľΪǺ˶ǳһ
ϣҲԹ˵
áеԴֻǶԳľһ˵ԣҴڰлˡ
ϡԼæ˵ϣˡ
ϷӦлл㣬¶Ӧлл㡣ۺỨ˵
ѺҲǸпࡣ
ԣͻˣǰһʵ
Ҷѡ˵
ǺǣûнңܹɹħأѾ˵߿Цҡͷ˵
ȻͻˣĿɿڴ˵ôܡ
Ҳ֪ˣ˸ֵĺ塣Ӹп˵
Ժûѹһҵǰ棬ѹڻصҵϣŬɡӿ˳һۣȻһЦ־߰˵
ӺͻӶ˶ͷ
˶۳ԣƳޱȣΨһˣƽҧгݵ˵ôܣôͻˣ
丸ָҲɫʱĻɳֵز
ৣ
ô£ʱǺӺȻɫһ䣬ɫ¥С
ϺͶϽ
áԼɫһ䣬ѾħĨȥʶԼӡ˷ռ䣬ֻ壬һǺ˾Ǻӽ뵽ˣԱɫ仯
ԣһ¡ܾãǺ˳Ŀ˸Ŀ򳽻ԣ˵
ǡ֪Ǹǻǻ㲻
֪ʲô£쵽ĲԾܸԹħصйء
ֻЩҪһ³ԣ㲻õġǺӵ˵
롣ǰ˵ģȥȥͻء


694 ͻĽʦ

Ǻϰգȥ
Ըں
ˣ˶ޱȣ²⡣
ףô£ƽߵ׸ǰʵ
ΪҲ֪ǺͳԶħصйءָҡҡͷĿ˸˵
ϣԲ°ɣʵ
Ѻͷ¶ҲоЩԡ
ģȻ˵ˣǳӦû¡üͷһ壬ܿɿ˵
ɽһ¥С
ϣϣѾ֪ˡһƽ˵
ɵģǺ𾪵ʵ
˵ħҪңӱȷĨɱˡ
ʲô
Ǻٴһû뵽ǿȾŽʦڵħͷȻıɱˣȻɱ꣬볹ɱһ޶ħˡ
ôܣħͷǾŽ״ħۣǿޱȣôᱻĨɱǺ𾪵ʵ
ʦԾŽ۷ʦΪ޷ɱѡ˷ӡ㾹ȻܹĨɱֱ꣬ǲ˼顣Ŀ˸Ŀ򳽻ԣҪ֪𰸡
ԣϷ˵˵ɡϵ˵Ȼħͷħ֮ˣɱҲûʲô㽫Ĩɱȴһĥ־ķ
λϿʶһƽſһöڵģںڹһɼֲɭбϢɢ䣬ڱ鲼Ϣͬɭһ㡣
ǺǺӴɫһۣüʵ
ɫһ䣬˵
Īĥħͷꣿɻ˵
ǵżȻõʲôҲ֪λ϶оõ̺˼ֲΣ֮ʱǴħͷꡣ۾¶һĨδ񣬽˵
һѾ׼ԼٲֺħɵĺɫӣǺ˵ɻ
ȷʵħͷϢãǺӿɫ˵
Ǹ߽ʦǿߣһ۾ͿԿɫ̺ħ
λϣҲ֪кãӾͽöܹǺ˼һ£Ȼ˵
⡭ãȻħãڱԺԸħǺӳһ£ͷ˵
ϺͶȻû˵ʲôԳԴ˷ٶʮ⡣
ϾȾ磬ܹǸȤĶɲˡ
ο̺ҲͨҲ˵
ԣҲ˿
ܿ죬ͻصסԺ䡣
˼Ǹ˲ѣǿǺܺǺӶԳʲô
ڶ죬Ǻ򻯴ټͳˡ
ڣվʮλϣʦϵΪϢƴɴڵʵһߡ
Ǻڴ֮ϣһϽ£Ʒǳвŭ飬˵ձʦĹأеܹأع鱾ڣ֪Σ
лɫ˵
ܺã˵ڲͬţ֮λʦΪΪŸ࣬ԱڴųϵݣϱʦףǺӵ
ǡһ㣬Ѿϵ
šǺӵͷ˵ģųԼӽڣһжڵڹ£һͬʣĶԴ
лݵ
ڽųϡӽӵһ£λϸ𡣡ǺӷԸ
ǡ߳ݵ
ˣڳԡѺ¡ˣԽΪ洫ӣһи󡣡Ǻ˵
л˰ݵ
ˣųϣ㽫ȥɡǺӶһ˵
ǡװݵ
ˣǿɽؾѡȡһƷϽѧһƷϽԼƷͽױסǺӿ򳽻ˣ˵洫ȥؾˣ°ɡ
ڶ죬ͬߵǰţڣԵһɽ塣
壡
ԾԼɽķ
ȻڵĹأ洫ǰˣӵ׷塢Ʒ塢η塢ˮ塢ɽ塢ɲ塢ϵ߷塣
ԳԵʵǳ׷ķųӡ
һ㣬ǺҲָ
ȴԾܾ
һǲܳڵģ
ѾĽʦһͻʦʱڳϣҲҪ뿪׷塣
ԣҪһɽ壬ǺҲʿɣȨ򻯴Բǧѡȡκһɽ壬Щɽ֮أйӽʹ͵ģȻȲ߷壬ҲȥԶ
ŨȷʵŸʮϣŵ˵ǺҲ
º
Ŵ󲿷ֳϺ͵ӶǨ˹󲿷ֵӶţֻŵӺ洫ӣŵӣҲпУģ䲼ڹ棬һͻƴʦͿԽ뱾ڣΪ֮
һ㣬Ǻӽܡ
죬ǺҲǸͬȵԼŵҲԳΪųϡ
ѡ˳Ϊųϣ£һ
֮λһϵΡ
ȻųΪǬԪΨһĴţټݵһŷڵͷÿһӵܶҪţò˶ãͻ츳ӣҲǱΪעѪҺ


695 ϼ
ϡʮǰԺȻٲ˻һ
ҲѾģǽڣҲдӽ
ԶϸҪ󣬱ף򶼲ͬ롣
ΪݵľȻвȶشڣһ㿵ϵҲ֪
óԸ˵ǣó̾Ȼ׳Ϊ˹ŵӡ
һʦ֪һߵ츳Ϊŵӡ
Ҳûֹó˳ݽ¡
ͬʱҲǽ򽣵˴
һж˳˳
Ҳѵùһӡ
һʱ䣬ϰ籩λñ䣬ɱҲϰ
ȴЩͣ͡
ܹоõԼȻֻСɾ磬뻹гңңڡ
ԴĽ籩ҲоЩͻϰ
ڣϻõָ²֪Լ̫ˣ֧籩ǿͺñʩչѧǿѧûǿԪ֧Ҳ޷ӳ

֮Ҫľ˲ʵ
ԶĵشвϤ޴ӵ֪̺
ǳѯԱΪкܶڵҲ
ųѰĵطɽ洫ӣһʦһСͼ壬ȼϿĳԱ
Ϥһ㣬֪Щط̺ʵ
亱һѹս̺ڷԲʮ֮ڶйսųҪĻǰ޸ǡɽ˼һ£˵һºｫһδᣬ֮ϧҩݡѧؼϣп϶̺ݣҩ֡
޸ǡһ˼ȥ޸ǲμӴ˴ᡣ
ųòһȥɽʵ
⵹ã㻹ǰɣˣеͼҡҡͷ˵
ݵĵͼųȥɽӴȡһݵͼָһУ˵޸ǾųΪվͿԵ
Եͷµͼ
󣬳֪ͨ˿ϵˣǶŬչȡһμ׵Ŵȡ
Ҳȥọ́׵İ£ͻ˵ʦ
һ㣬Ժܸˡ
󣬳ǰǰ޸ǡ
̫գѤãҫڹĴϣͬһƽɳ
Ϊ˲··ķʽǰ޸ǡ
һ·Ҳʶ˶ĵشǿʢ棬ССһڴϣͬϹž̾һ㡣
ԡ
Ȼһϲ
ϼϼþòѭȥֻһԼӶŮӣò˼һ£ͬһ㣬һСһЩɫϼ£ͬһһ㡣
˶ŮȻϼϼá
ϼú󣬽һӣһ£Ƥ𪣬˫üͬһ㡣
ԣû뵽ܹ㡣ϼ˳һۣĿһɫʣ˵̺һϲá
ǰԣ˵˳ǣΪ˶һһˣģϼȻǿֵӣɫϼ£ͺһֵֻĺһ˫Բ۾һĿųԣҪ֪𰸡
Ҷѡ˵
ˣȥ޸ǣμᣬأϼʵ¶ڴĹâ
ӦȥĵطɣʱǰޱĿų˵˵ǲǳԣ
ɣҲȥ޸ǲμᡣԵ˵
СӣʶľҲǱڳԶʶȻϼ֪
ʲôҲҹԺʾʵ
Сӣô˵֪˭ǽų˳ӣңҲֻһҪҶ֣ĺѿȻŭ
˵ˣĵ˵ˣ͹ɣ
ʲôһηɫ䣬ĿĶųԣ˵Сӣո˵ʲô
ޱ˵ҪΪǽųϣŭңҲֻһʦԳĽʦΪȻ塣
󵨣Ҳҽ쵹ҪĲŭˣ򳽻ԣɢһɷâ֮и·Ҫг롣
ס֣ʱϼ߳ȵϣҵѣ㡣
ҿ㣿Ȼ˵ϼǽųϣʦǿߣڵӣϼӦҿǡ
ߣ㶼ʮˣ׷ҽ㣬ţ۲ݣ㺦ϼ˵ҽһ·һ㲻ӷҶӷˣȻ͹ɡ
ϼסڡϼɫæǳ
ѵ𣿡ϼ˵
Ŷԭһ˰ԹȻӣ˵ϣΪһֺαؿ׷ϼأ㻹ȥЩŮ˰ɣҿǲʺ㡣
һ޾ԪһƬųйȥͬһƬɫϯ¡¡纣Хһ
Сģϼüˣɫһ䣬
û¡ԵȻһЦһ̤¡ͬһͷһ㣬֮糤ˮϢ£糤ɽƾ˺ءһײŽϡ


696 Ƶ
䣡
һ죬Žͱ𣬶Ժȴͬڵһ
õ
Ŀһ˫ȭһգСɽɫԣͬһϣصһ£ɢ
Сӣ
ٺһЦǰ̤ɽ»ɳһѷӶ򳽻ȥ
תۼ䣬һ޴Ĺֳڳǰ
Լй˸һ˿ȥ
ն
˲䣬·ѾԤϵһ㣬˫Ƶԣ绢ͷաһųնȥ
ˡ
һԪĵֻϼһ£糯ϼӳһɫӡ
ͬʱȫ˴Ƭߣ⻡˸Хһһɼǿķ֮û˳ȥ
ʲô
ԺϼǰлҲû뵽ϼΪһԳ֣һʱ䱻ɱôֲһۣһ˳ȥ䵽ʮ֮⡣
ϼΪҳָ֣ԣϼһ߷˵
ҵѣо֮ҵľ˶֣ȻҪ֡ϼɫһ죬ת˵
ǡϼ˵̫ˣԼΪ͵˶ֲ֣ҽ㡣
ǣЩѪһߺ޵Ŀųԣһ˵СӣҪҵ㡣˵գ𣬺Ȼ޸ȥˡ
ԣû°ɣϼˣ˿һĵĿ򳽻ԡ
㣬̫ĳ˰ɣҶȥˡϼһ˵
ߡϼߵĿһۣԳ˵ԣ㱻ᡣ
ģû¡ҡҡͷЦƾ˲ҡ
ˣʲôΪϼѾͻʦһ۷ʦΪȴԼ͸ԵΪɳһ
ϼҲǵɴ۾ųԣֻǰ˽׵ʦѣȻ͸͸ԵΪˡ
ĽʦԵ
ϼϼöһ
ҶѡЦ
̫ˡϼŵ˵֪ģڰǵʱ򣬳Բ߽ʦѣû뵽һ಻ȻѾزֱ
ϼҲһԾ𳽻ԿӵֶܹܵˣҲȻˣ˵˵Ѿعڣڵˣǹϲˡ
šԵͷ˵Ҳ߰ɡ
áϼͷͳԲС
ϼδͻʦ޷ԤطУԱûзеĴ㣬ֻԽϿٶǰ޸Ƕѡ
ʱ֣ϼܲʰ쵵ĹâͬһȺŮ赸һ㡣
ʱ򣬳Ҳ޸⡣
һֺĳУа﷽Բʵһ޳ǡ
İͨͨ˴̽ǳһ㣬ܲ۴αȡ
һҿջס¡
һҹ޻
Уڳй䡣
ϼ޸ǿϤڿĽֵϣʵ
Ϥɣôˣʲô𣿡ϼͷʵ
һЩòŵıݣȥ֪Щ̼۸񹫵һ㣿Գ˵ʯҲ㣬ħţϰƷʯĹ⣬ƷʯҲȥʮȻָӮƷʯڴ˴УȻԳЩòŵݱ
ĻȥаɣٰģõȥӦúһЩϼһ£˵
ãġԵͷ˵
ܿ죬ԺϼþһûʡֺĴ̻ᣬռؼ㡣
˽ȥʱ󣬳߳
ʱѾòŵĶˣƷʯ
һ㣬ϼľȳԵĲƸǵϼһֱҪͳԷ
ȥ¥ɡϼ˵
̫ˣαһҪݺݵһ١ϼһ˫Ĵ۾ת·ڴʲôעһ
áԼ˲һЦ
¥޸ڲľ¥ģ󣬷ȫ
ȻľƲ˶Ǽ۸񰺹󣬾ǹʳõģһ
¥λõһˣһ˺ȻǽųҲǲԪۺˣһǾ޷ڳϸ߷磬ʮ꣬ʦһħųϣӣʮ꣬ʦһǵػڳϣɭʮ꣬ʵǿ߽ʦ
˶ʵǿ֮ˣлʮ֮ǰʦĴڡ
ǳԼֱҸӿҶȻ˵Ц˵
ɭ͸߷ֻһЦȻǲÿɷ
֣ǳȻֻĽʦʵȴǲʦҵʱϼԱߣҲº֡˵ǶԳ˵ΪƣҪ֪ŲʮѣȻʦΪ߽ʦĴڣҲһ꿡ܡ
ڶֻ֣Ҫܹʮ֮ǰﵽ߽ʦǶ
ԣԳԵ߲ѡ
ֲգһСѣҵﶫ֮ʱ֪Ķء߷Ц
ֲ֪ߵغСӣһҪúõĽѵһ١ɭΪȻ˵
ȻɫһĿ⿴¥ֻԺϼˣҧгݵĵԣ
߷翴򳽻ԣһм˵ĽʦΪҲҵֱǲˡ
Ǻǣܳˣ԰ȴǲ֪νˣ٣ɭɱ١ɭǺЦЦôÿֲ
ϼԼɭˣһ䣬æ˵ԣȥҰɡ
ΪʲôҿͦõģҰɡԵĿһۣɫƽߵһſ£Ц˵ˣߵĵ
ǽ㣬ѵǻɣϼһ첻µزµӣϼ¡


697 Ὺʼ
СϲˡԴ˵ĺþƺòˣһ顣
Ͽ͹ۡС˹˵
һһպɽƣˮ㣬ѩɽȵȣһһĺòˡ
ϼüһɽ亣ζҲһĿɿڴû뵽˷ѣҪ֪ЩƲˣÿһϰٿƷʯˮǸߴһǧƷʯһƷʯ
ֻǳһٷ
ɣϼô˷ѡ
԰ɡں˵
ԾͳԣһûԹôóԵľƲأϼЦ˵˵꣬ӳ
ϼҲǲʳָ󶯣ȻǱϼ洫ӣûгݳޣһٷͳƷʯ
ߣȻģһһ˵ųǰʳģȴĶĵѪ˺õĶȴһԵˣֱ˷ѡ
߷˶˳һۣΪҲ񳽻㣬һٷƷʯֱǰܼҡ
ǿ򳽻ӣԽ
ҾôĿһۣϵľƲˣҡҡͷԹ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣԵЩʲô£Щġ
ꡣϼϼһǲЦû뵽ԾȻµĹȽϣ֪εߡ
Ȼһ࣬ŭԣʲôŲھɱ㣿
б㾡ܶ֡޶õ˵Ҽǵ޸ǵĹǽֹڶİɣɵɱȻΪԼԺͳԣ뾡ܶ֡
㡭ŭɶָ÷
ϢŭڲУ˳⣬һɱĹ߷ۿųԣ˵ԣ̫ˣС
ƨ£һȥԺŭ
㡭Ҫɱ㡣߷ѪʦǿߣһĽʦҲǰֱ
֡һֵȰֹ߷ˡ
Ҫ˵˳ǣڡɭ˵
ԡ͸߷綼ͷ
ǺǣҿҲˣʵԼûķŭǹ̾˵
Сӣ˵ɣҲ˼ˡЦ˵
ˣ֪ǲˣǹЦ˵ϼϼǺòһΣһҪһ㡣
šϼϼöĲѣ治Ҷ֣Ҳͷˡ
ߡܿ죬߳˾Ƶꡣ
ԣҪСϼ˵
һûпˣ˭ʵ
˷ֱǾ޷ڵĸ߷磬ħŵĸӺ͵ػڵɭǰ˺һʦΪɭʵǿ߽ʦһŲСϼ˵
ŶԵͷΨһɵɭϾ߽ʦѾڸ߽ʦ֮УɲǸ߷˿Աġ
һܹϣõԼҪĶһôҲĺɭһս
ڶ죬С
һڣǰһˮͶӰԿڵΡ
һ߳Ὺʼ
һŽʦΪҲ˵ҡ
ο޸ڲܼĴڣûеҵҡ
ڣһƷݣǿԵʦмôȻʦǿҲһãļһǧƷʯÿμӼ۲һٿƷʯ߸˵
ڣЩȻûȤֻǱĿ
Щʦ˵ȴ޼֮
һǧһٿƷʯ
һǧٿƷʯ
һǧٿƷʯ
ܿ죬ݱһʦǧƷʯĵõ
ɵĽС
һ˵ǰ볡һЩͨ˺볡Ż½һЩмֵĶ
ȻмֵҲԶԡ
Ͼʦڣʦ½ʦѾһǿˣһЩСطӳΪһǿɵĴڡ
ƷϽףһףĵͼʮƷʯÿμӼ۲һƷʯʼ
ųߵĻ£һֵľʼ
ǳҲһۣϾƷϽױѾڶڣƷףֻЩްŲžУӵƷϽױ׵Ҳ࣬˵һƷױ׵ļֵƷϽױ׵İٱ
͵صĲ࣬ҪƷƵĲ̫ѵˣҪǿΪַܳɹִһЩƷױףϹ֮ʱġ
ŵ˵һƷױףʦܳ֡
ԣƷױϡٵ£ƷϽױõѡ񣬿˵顣
ʮһƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
һʱ䣬ܶʦ׷׾ģ޷ڸ߷綼ˡ
ǷѧٶĳȴǶ̴ȻҪõһ׷ˣƷǲܵˣƷϽҲǲѡ
ʮƷʯܿ죬һ֡
֪ûг֡
ó벻ǣϼȻҲƷϽױȤۣܿʮƷʯ
򳽻ԣʵԣƷϽױףֵܹ߽ʦǿߵĹ㲻ĵӣѵӵƷϽױף
ԣԵȻһЦ
ȴʵϼĲ²⣬ԴĽĿ˳һۣ˵ѹ㲻ԭӵƷϽױװҸ˵ǽųϣһżķƷϽѧмһѧнԪ壬ɲҪ⡣
ԭˣѹϸоһɼǿķ˵
šϼͷ


698 һױ
ԣ㲻Ҫ£˵Ϊһ뿪޸ǣڳﶯ֡ϼתŴ۾˵
鶼ҶģһһԵġϼ򳽻ԣ˵
ǺǣȻѾ֪ӵƷϽױףǻʲôõĵģЦǺǵ˵
šϼͷ
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
׵ļ۸ڽܿʹﵽʮƷʯ
һ˵ͬƷϽ׹ֵʮƷʯ̺ҲһƷʯ౦ףȴǹ۸
ԣӵʮƷʯҲкܶǿûз
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ʱ߷һƷʯ
ٿȻȫһ
۸ڳۣǰˡ
һһʮƷʯϼһ£ٴγۡ
Լˣ˵ʯĻﻹС
ˣôණҲҪйĶҼֵƣҵĻͲˡϼҡҡͷ˵ҲΪƷϽױףһʮƷʯһƷʯĻѾǳԿˡ
ԣԵͷ֪ϼ˵ʵ顣
һٶʮƷʯ߷ɫ˵ɶ֪˭һǵɱɡ
һٶʮһƷʯ
һٶʮƷʯ
ˣϼüٴγһʮƷʯ
ɶһʮƷʯ߷ٴγۣĶڵѪǵõҲ˶ʮƷʯҪ֪ȫˣÿһ˶гĲ
㡣ϼ˵
ˣ´ΰɡϼ̾
ϼ硭Գһ£˵
ԣˡϼæ˵
ǰԴ磬Ķû򣬿϶һĶʯҽˣô죿ϼ˵ͷҲԳӡĹۡ
ǣ˵һױסЦ˵
ͣѵԴ㻹ƷϽױײɣϼɲš
ǰϼ
ϼϼɻʱֻһţһ̹˸һױɫˮһı׳˶ŮǰɢǿķϢһ֪һƷϽױס
ϼҲ֪ڲؾջ񲻷ƣױ׾õġЦ˵
ƷϽױףϼһԾ˵
ţѾһףһ׾͸ϼ˵
⣬ҲҪϼæ˵ͷȴǸжû뵽ԾȻ˱Ķ͸ԼһŷҶ򳽻ԣһ졣
°ɣѣҲңֻһױ׶ѣβ£Ե˵
ǡϼɵ
㣬ȻԴ綼˵ˣ°ɡϼ˽ϼһۣٿųԣЦ˵ǲǣԴ磿Ѿ϶һϲ˽㣬ôôĶأ
ǰԼϼ飬¶Ц
ˣϼ͸ȷˡ
ϼҲɳǷϲԼҿԵ˫ۡ
ɣͳʮƷʯױװɡԼˣһеİ취
㡣ϼײһ½ϼ
㡭ðɣϼܾԶ˵ˣҲ͵ͷͬ⣬˵лл㳽ԡ
ҶѣؿЦ
ȻˣҾͰʮƷʯȸɡϼ˵
áԵͷ
ܿ죬ϼʮƷʯ˱ס
ͬʱ߷羺ĵõףЦ̫ˣףڷûȱݣ߽۷ʦǰҲһս֮
ϲ֡˴Ц
á߷ϲ
ݱĽУڵ󻷽ڡ
˴ʱ֮ﶼޱȣĵͼ۸ߴʮƷʯ
ݣǧݡ˵˲ݶԵûжô䵽ԵУȴǿԷãȻһЩ뼮һ˿Ҳǲɡ
ĵͼʮƷʯÿμӼ۲Ʒʯڿʼġ߿᳡
ٿȻһȴûгۡ
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
Ȼ߼٣Ƕģʢ֮أҲûУҼÿһǼǿǿĴڡ
Ϊκ˶֪ȻԺֶ˫
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ܿ죬ݵļ۸ʵһƷʯ
óԶһû뵽˶
һƷʯڳˡ
ˣϼϼö¶֮ɫû뵽Եȴ֮ﾹȻԵݡ
ԣѵ˶ԣϼʵ
ֻҲǲŸδȫҪ򡣡Եͷ˵
ϵ֮ףһԵߣʵԶͬߣĽʦΪʦսϼԾĿ˳һۣ˵
ôϼԾʵ
šϼͷ
ֻһЦδ
ԴܹܳǽҰϼ˵
ԣһЦٴξġһٶʮƷʯ


699 ݺľ
ݾȻ˰󣿡ϼԾ˵
ҺҶһòŵĶ治ǰᡣЦ˵
һʮƷʯ
һʮƷʯ
һʮƷʯ
ݵľļ۸ڽóԶԾ
ԣﻹһƷʯҪĻȥϼҲû뵽ݾȻ˰ǶԳ˵
šԵͷ˵Ȳݵʯ㹻ġ
Ʒʯ
ڣݵľļ۸ͻƷʯ
ʱ򣬾һ˾ųɣϾƷʯڵͽסнʦǿ߶һʲƵĿҲΨЩ߽ʦʦܲõĳ
ʦ֮һЩܼݶǵѾСˣҲֻЩ߽ʦŻᾺݡ
ٶʮƷʯٴγۡ
ٶʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ʱ򣬾ļ۸ѾˣҲֻôȼ˶ѡ
ʮƷʯĿһֱ۶ʮƷʯ
Ȼ˼һĻϵһͣһ

ڣ˳ۣϲʮŹĵõǧݡ
ԣҲһϾݹغʵҪƽ⡣
УѾβÿһﶼƷֵǡ
ƷҩƷϽ׹ġ
ⶼ볽޹ء

һﱻĳȥʱ˳һзһŵͼ˵һһͼǺεͼϷԼ̻Ҳ֪Ӧڱ֮ĴڣĵͼʮƷʯÿμӼ۲õʮƷʯ
ͼأ
ԣ˶һɣò˼飬ΪһͼصĻὫóǲɵ
λòɣȷʵһݵͼأֻ˽ⲻѣԲóЦ˵λ룡
ʮƷʯ
Ȼᶼ˵ˣһݲرͼģʼۡ
ʮƷʯ
һƷʯ
һһʮƷʯ
Ȼ۵˲٣ȽϱأϾ˭ҲΪһ翵ĶȥǮ
ݲرͼһ壬һʮƷʯȥ
½½˼Ʒ
λἴƷҲ䣬ϣλջˡ߿ʼɿ˵ľ˵ľһأɣĵͼһƷʯÿγ۲ʮƷʯڿʼġ
ľ
찡ǧ꽩ʬĹزŴڵĶǼֵǡ
ľɱˣϾǾǧĶ
˶һû뵽ᾹȻȱó
ĵرȻܹͨȾָģǴɱ֮˵
һһʮƷʯ
һٶʮƷʯ
һʮƷʯ
ܿ죬½½˳ۡ
ߣǿľˣľҿУλѸһ棬ҳһʮƷʯʱһɭȻ
ǿľˣ
ӦûľѾǰ˽ʦǿߣΪĺϵ˿ǲŵӶ٣鷳ˡ
ͷôҲˣ
ǰƥɣһɢޣʵߣǾŽʦǿ֣߳δܹɱħŲǵɱʮ洫ӣǵħɳ׷ɱˣû뵽
⻰˶ۣ֪ľ˵ʮּɵ
ͬʱϼҲ򳽻˵ľ˵óüͷ壬û뵽ľ
ľΪҪ
ңǽޣһǰ;һ˽ʦԾηĻôҲͲˡ
һʮƷʯ
ڳԳ۵ʱǰˡ
һʮƷʯ
һٰʮƷʯ
һپʮƷʯ
һ½ۣȻǾ¿ľ˵ֲľ˳ۣ̾ͽ󣬰ˮ룬¿ľ˵õľҲҪĴʯ
Ʒʯ
ˣԵȻһЦҲˡ
Ȼÿľ˷ŭѣҲûа취ֻ֪ӹħŵ׷ɱȴ֪Ҳˣ˴ǰᣬҲΪ˿ܷõŵرָơ
ǰ֪ľϣðǰ
һʮƷʯ
ٶʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ᣬľļ۸񲻶
ľȻûзľ̫ҪˣҵҲҪõ޷ָħ֪ԼϢɾֻ·һˡ
ʮƷʯ
ٴγۣһ߰ٶƷʯȥݵʮƷʯİٶƷʯӾľˡ
ʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
ٰʮƷʯ
Żļ۸񣬿ľ˼ˣֱӳ˵ϷƷʯ˭ټۣǲϷѣͱϷҲ
˻
˶һû뵽ľ˾Ȼţֱӿвľˣֱһħͷ
оľˣɫأȻǲѿľ
ĻƷʯ


700 Ľɱ

ˣľǳһѾˡ
һʮƷʯ
ȻոĻϵٴηı仯
ľ˲ţȻҪԼ˺Լӣһࡣ
˼ˣҲҾˣľ˶οˡ
ǣľ䵽˳С

ҲǻȻû뵽˲ľӡ
֪鷳ˡ
ȻľɭȻ˵ãλѼȻҪľϷͲˣϣȥܡ
˵ҵľˣˡ
ľºħͷһ޶޼ɵħŶ޷ʰҲԽԽˡ
Ҳ˵ҲҲһ߽ʦǿأԲŲľ˵в
۷׷ס
ûȥܣͲø²ˣǲ֪ܷ߳޸ǧҿ˵вħųϣ֪ڳŻܸ˵ġ仯ŲԾ˵
ʲô⻰ÿľɫһ䣬Ϊĵģһ˳ĬС
⻰ҲȻħĴҿľأ֪ڴ˵ĻסʱǣɱľʱҲɥ֮Ȯˣʱȥɱˡ
㣬Щ˶̾ѣԼôû뵽أ
ԣħгϼɻʵ
ǺǣҵȻƭģľѾɾ֮񣬿ҲˡԺǺЦ
Դûϼ˵ͷӻõù
ԣԲݸһЦ
һʽ
ԵõݺľȻҲȥʮƷʯ
ڣֳ⵰
ȻʮƷʯ֮ãɲƷʯ
ȻʯĶһһʮûԸƷʯȥһƷʯΪƷϡٵԵʣƷʯѾΪʦΪǿߵı֮
ԣһ£ǲỨƷʯġ
ܿ죬Ժϼûصջ
ԣʲô㣿ϼ˵ʵȻԱʦҵ鷳
ģһûдԶȥҾڿջݺľʵٳǡЦ˵
Ǿͺáϼͷ˵£һڣҡ
ȻˣǽþȻڰɣӦ֮ߡԵͷ˵
ӣÿһ൱ʦǿߵһȥɡϼͳɫ裬ݸ˵㲻µĻĲΪҵԭ򣬲ǼǺġ
ллԽӣͷ˵ģƾǻκβҡ
ãȻˣҺϼȻرϼˡϼ˵˳һֹۣ
ԡˣϼȻ˵
ϼ߰ɡϼ˼æϼ֣˳ȥ
㣬ֹϼʵ
ˡϼҡҡͷ˵һԵɡ
ðɡϼεĵͷ
ͬʱԻصջ䣬ʼݺľ
˫ƸݺľԪʼ
ǿԪ罭ȣݡ
ۣۣ
յʱȥǱκɫҩҺ뵤
ˣ
ʱһڵ˹
ͬʱ˾ڳסջԶһҿջסͬϼ˵ʱ̹ע
ϼûбϼųͬĻһҪ°ҽš˵
𼱣ɱ⳽ԣٵϼײ٣ųϵݣǱϼŰвͬ飿߷ЦǺǵ˵
ɱ⳽ԣҵͬȥϼסӴЦ˵
ɭҲ¶֮ɫ˵һĽʦѣһоɱ
ɱɱӲм˵
áкһ˵Ͱλֵ˵ҲһĽʦɱ練ơ
ͬʱľҲڳҳһΪħɱԼδɲЩħųϵĶ֣һȥûħųϵϢʱһɶ˺ŪϷ򣬸һҪɱ
ľߵ˼㣬޲ɱǾľˡ
ϣûгǡľ˶ݺݵ
˵ȴԳǡ
Ȼû뵽һʱȥҲûпԴӿջ뿪ﲻмż
һ죬Ǽ߳˿ջŷȥ
ڳˣߣ˵
߷˵ôãҲĥɾˣһ˽ʣβڳ
û뵽СӾȻõˣҿӳ޼̫ˣһϷһˡߺ󲻾ãľҲ˺󷽣һϮۣͬħһǡ

һǣԾͺɳնȥ
׷ңԣȵ
һһǰһ󣬳Ժ˾뿪޸ǧ
ৣৣৣ
̼٣׷ȥ
ҪʲôԺǷˣһŵʵ
ʲôȻɱ㡣ԱųȻǸޱȣǳ˵
߷ҲһЦɱ¶
ڵӣɱңҲòˡԲ˵ȴԶһƬɽȥ
ӣӵ𣿡Ц˵
Ҫϻɱ߷
ҪԾʧ룬Ⱥɽ֮С
ܵûͦģȻֻ߷糰һЦ׷ȥ
ȻɭЩԾȴԳһЦһĽʦѵԼĴʦǿ߻Σ𣿺οԼ߽ʦǿߵĴڡ


701 
ܣ
һһâƿնͬһɫ磬һӾͳ˳ǰ
Ӳˣɣ
߷ͬһɷһڳ۳ҵǿ磬ľ򳽻ԡ
ӺɭڲԶۿޱ飬ǿһԣ߷ͬʱ֣Сˡ
ɱúʱ䣡
ৣ
һ˸ʣֱӴǿУصһը
󣬳Ѹײڶ֮ƵĽ٣ֱնš
ʲô
ɭĽовһȫȻʢĻƽâһ־һ㣬ҫķס
ѧԪ壡
ͰԵޱȣϢۺ绢վУƽȫͬһƽһ㣬޼᲻ݡ

齣նͷȻֻһۡ
ԣ
ŭˣŭˣȭսɽѣһȭ籼ףɽĵʮɿռ䣬˳ϣͬӴһһȦһȦĻƽⲨȥ֧ˡ
һĻü죬ڵʯ֮䣬ǹսĸӺɭûзӦĸ߷綼ûзӦ
͵Ϯԣ͵ϮҲɱңǽƷϽϵѧԪ壬г۷֮͸ƲҵķЦ˼㣬ĿһУȫûаѳԷ
ɣ
˵գ򳽻ԣͬһƽڹѹռ䣬ֱӱըܲסֱǷˡ

һƽ籩һֻﵳ֣Ӥֱ۴֣ŻƽһĹԣѪۣâ¶ȫһɱ
̵ľǻԪͽﵣҪ֪֪жʦǿĽϣ򵥵ʽʹɱѪϿڣƽĻֳԣ·ӣֻһ
ˣ߷˵֮⣬Ȼʩչ˽Ԫ壬ó˽ﵣɱԼֱ練Ƶ飬ûбҪ֡
ӺɭҲûʲôõĵģУԾһˡ
ҲȷʵΪмһУŽµĳԣ·ѾԼһɣ
׻ױ
ףȻȼ棬һƵ׻𣬳ߣиɫ⻡˸⻡ͬһڳϣԶԶȥͬһˣֳֻ񽣣
ۡ
һ̺ɱС
ն£籼ףǧǿձڣӭӭͷµĽﵡ
أ
ն˽ϣһ֮âͻԽ֯˸޾Σһ𣬰
ʱһ죬ֻȻ˳ȥ
ʲô߷ɫһ䣬Ҫǰȴֹ˵ҪҪɱѪɣܾ尾
á߷ҲˣԲһĽʦʦսһ
Ӻɭ˼ǰԵ·ס
ݣ
Բܲˣˣл񽣣ӭ֮Ƭ磬籩ն˴Ƭƣ·춼һ
׻ױ
ͬʽʩչǿ̺ͣ˽־;
ԣһУҪɱ㣡
һﵻ裬ͬХƽţذ˷ͬһƽһһɿֲϢɢͬһħ棬ҪƳӡ
ʣ
ȻһƷƿȸ
ۣ
һɿ񱩻ӿͬɽ緢һϢְ˷̺һն£δ˵ֺ
ԣûõģɣЦȻȵɣ񣡡
¡
֮һ·Զʯ𣬴˵ĶĤֻһֻ˳˫ƽɣ̣ͨ󲻿ԣͷ·еĹ壬򳽻Ե񣬶Ĳм
Ϲڣ
ˣԴ󺧣û뵽ȻϰϹطȻܹٻڣҪ֪ǽڷˡĹڣ߹ޱȡ
ϹŴ˵ʮգǽҫ磬޷
һλкֳ񹭣ɱֻһֻŶɹѡ
ȻǴ˵Ŀ¿֪
𽣹⣡
ԴһԪ罭ϣ޾ۣ֮ٴ麣齣УƵĹŶǽɱȥ
ۣ
˫ɿ籩ſڳһͬҽһĻ棬ǧԶʱЯܾ򳽻ԣ˿ɣһԱУֻб³
ɶ񣬻ûɱ
Ŀ磬Ԩһʹƽԣ趯޾Ԫǻƽ磬ý䡣
հν
ص˼㣬齣£糯ϼƺǰһӶˮһһŵûǽ
ͣ
ʱһŻ棬һ죬ֻǹ⻬ƽƿϵĳϣȻһۡ
Ȼϸ΢һ۾Ϳˡ
ɶʲôһҪɱ㣬Ȼ꣬ȡнһ򳽻Ե񣬸񶾣һֻɱ

ʹ£Ϲӵܣ޵УҪ춼տգ˫ɿ֮£ͬ˿ռ籩һɴɵĻͻƽâںϣֲĻͬһ㣬򳽻ԡ


702 һս
հν
ԽŲȷţɣһһεʩչհνֹıƽ
Ԫ
ռһĵ󳤱ˮ羨̺ˮһ㣬ܿռ䷢նѺۣ·Ҫ顣
¡
һǿԸӵϿֶ£ѹ
ǳԵԪںϵµı֣ռǿѹƣֹͬʱһ㡣
ƣ֮٣
¸¸¡ͬѹһɽͷѹӴٶһӾͻͬϹ½һ㣬˫Ҫ򳽻ԡ
ʲô
ɫ䣬һ˽٣Ԫͬբĺһй趯񱩵Ļƽڡ
¡
һƶһԪʼζѵļ
ʢ˥ʱ
ЯƱƽȥ޻ڵһȻһȴ̺Ŀֲܡ
ô£
ķ֣Լʧȴûڡ
ৣ
뺣ԾţѩƮɣһ׵ľ
¡񷢳һûĻƽԼӳ֣һϢˡ
꣡
˲Ϣ˿ɢɴƬƽ㡣
ৣ
˲䣬糤ҡֱϣ齣ն

ۣ
϶£ͷ­ѪһΪ
ԴһĴ䡣
֡
һĻ̫ˣռϷ磬û뵽תۼͱɱֱø߷˲Լ۾ɱ򳽻ԡ
ɱ
ɱ
Ҫ
߷硢Ӻɭŭɱͬƥһƽ
죡
Ȼδ㣬һֳ齣ȱƽ߷磬һ£ִ紺һ㣬ԽԽǿһУҪ߷
߷ȴʦǿߣһʵǿɱԼǹЦɭȻ˵գһӣ£Ԫϯ¡¡죬ֻһɸߵķǽȽ𣬺ѹ򳽻ԡ
ͣ
Ȼ֮ѡ߷綯֣ΪʵԼҲ̵ʱɱ
ԣֻĳжѣľлں档
籩
һǳҪɱɱУ˽־޼᲻ݣֲ̺ܡ

һ춼ڰϢܲڸܣһӰŤɭ
ǿֲͬ籩һϯɸ߷硣
в£Ʒ޷ֵ
һĲҽУһںɫѪ˶ʴƤڣɢµĺڹ⡣
ס֣
Ӻɭ󾪣ǰ
Ѿ߷һˣԼȻǰ˸߷ǰ齣Ͽն£֮һ貵Ľ⣬һŵĲټ
ۣ
ֻһ죬߷ĽкȻֹһѪ籩ա
ʲô
Ӻɭ𺧵Ըӣţʦǿ߸߷羹Ȼڶ̶ʱﱻɱ
ֱǲ˼顣
Ƕ˶û֣ӳ趯ɽӣɫ䣬ɭӡһʨӡ
ۣ
ȻֵɭʨƣȴһꪴУһѪ
ɱΪֱ𣡡
ӴʵҪǿһɭҲֻһꪷߣʽգͬʯһ㣬̺һɿµƣȫǲҪĴ򷨣·ǲѳɱͲһ㡣
ʨơڶʨ죡
һûκγԣɭʩչ˵ڶƣӡʱ棬ͬҽϯһ㣬žһ߿ƵʨֻǹбڳһֻʨצɽХʱһǿ򳽻ԡ
Խʩչɱеֵʽ󿪴ϣ;һǰ
˺ʵǿ˫ֱǿвŽʦǿߣֻĽʦԪƴѧҲֵס˵Ϲ
أ
ɭһƺڣ׳ɽӣֱǽԺ˳ȥ
ɱ
߷糹׼ڵķͬһ磬Ѹгꪷ趯һꪹɨһɽ塣

ɫû뵽߷ɭ˵ʵ֮ǿԼռ˿Ϸ磬ȫâҫۣͬһ־һ㣬ѹ߷˼
ȥ
߷ŭͬһͷҰޣЯ磬ͬϹŷ١
ʢ˥ʱ
һͨҫ齣һ纣ƿգһӳһʱŵڸ߷ܣ̸оԼţʼļǿʢתͬٲһ㴹Σ
߷֪ԼΣ
һǰδеΣٽͷ
λñ䣡
ԽһתۣεͨԪļӳ֣תΣһȦȦµĹȦԸ߷˫ΪģĿѣͷεĸо·ص˸ս޷ڵʱ򣬱Щŵ۸龰
¡־塢ͷͬѹѹīһ㡣

йͷĿ־壬ǿ־ȴͬһ֮ȥ
߷磬
һ̤Ʋʶϣͬ齣£û߷üġ
߷ȴ޼£͸оԼһ㣬ѲֻĿŽûԼüģϢһѪüȾ˫ۣʶȥصһһͷȥ


703 ӡ
֣
Ӻò˼飬򳽻ԣɱ¶ͬꪹʮɳͬ޴Ĺɨɨǧϯһ㡣
أ
ꪹֱӴ˳ԱһѪɳȥ
ʬ
ɭ˫Ŀģ̤ϻڣкڻȼգͬڰ͹棬ӵҪɱԡ
֮꣡
潣꣡
꣡
꣡
ǿһѪɢִν㲻ħʱĳԣȻɷħۣĴԵĽͬʱɱ
ĸ֮ӰͬʱڸӺɭǰ
ɫ֮Ӱͻɫ֮Ӱɱӣɫ֮Ӱͺɫ֮Ӱɱɭ
ͬʱһǿĽ־Գ׼˳ΪֱŸӺɭֶȥ
ףӵг
ۣۣ
Ӻɭû뵽ԾȻӵĴԽ꣬ɭ꣬һֻĸо·Ϣˡ

Ŀ䵽˸ϣʵɭնɱٶԸɭ
ݣ
һ۵糸һƽӡ
ӵʵȻܹ֮ͻ潣꣬ȴҪʱ䣬ֻһʱ䣬ƶݣԳ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ལ⣡
࣬Լ˳
һֲͬСȻøӸ޷Ҳ޷Ϥལ
ȴ֪ལ⣬ףɱ֮ϣҲᱻΪ

Ӹջ֮ͻ潣꣬ལѾٽˡ
۷ʱڣལҲ޷˵ѺģδԪһ͵󣬸޷ֵལ⡣
ۣ
ֻ˾ͬһֽһ㣬ױ˺룬λӰΪޡ
¡
ͬʱɭҲӱɱֱһֲŵĸоԼĴʦǿߣȻһĽʦǿɱһ棬ֱǲš
ǰʵˡ
ۣ
ɭǰδеأԴԣڵĻҽԪֻǣȻһˣ˫ƾͬȻһ㣬ϻϯԣ֮죬գԲɶΪ˻硣
䣡
ͬʱ̤գȭռֲ˼㡣
أ
ʩչལ⣬Ԫһգͬһ޻һɭһȭ˳ȥдڴڵѪ䵽һʱ
¡
ɭվڸ߿գͬһ㸩˳һһأصһ䵽˵ϣķѣɳʯճ˻ҽ
һ̣ɭʵӵ쾡¡
ֱս޲ʤ޲ˣͬһĴڡ

ֻɭҽ̾һŻ磬ͬһ򳽻ԡ
ʣ
֮䣬齣һɭϣȴֺ̲
ȴ谭һ˿ʱ䣬óԳɹܿһš

ɭмĿһ۳ԣһȭ齣ϣɣֱǽ齣ҷ˳ȥѸײڶ֮ƣһȭ򳽻Դȭͷ޾棬ͬⵯһ㣬пµĻ
ԿԸоõɭԻƿԼ֮ϣճһʩչܡ
أ
齣ǰȻ˳ȥ
ۣһѪ߷һ㵹˳ȥ
ҪɭĿݶĿųԣ˵ɱˣֻɱ㣬ϴϵһҪ꽻ڣǳĨ㡣
˵գ˫ƿأɽǹҽһ㣬Ĺ̵۾
ˣ
£ԹĵϷϯͬƣŽһ㣬ݺݳ˳ϡ
һУóأ
һԱУûĵ
ӡ
Է˺ȻһҪҪɱ־ɽʧɫرڣһƬɫӿֻһӡУһǿԵױȵϢһϵ
򣡡
ĿŤһӡ˳ȥ
أ
ӡʵʵĴϻϣصһըΪ޾޻棬һ춯صıը˳˳ȥֱǽɭ˳ȥ
ʲô
ɭɫ䣬򳽻еķӡ۾۾̺˵ⲻƷʲôȼ
ֻŷӡʧ˵ѵϹ
򣡡
ûиϻٴδӡ̩ͬɽѹһ㣬϶£ݵѹɭͷ

ӡٶȿױȣѹɭϿգ˫ֳסѾѹˡ
ৣ
һӡȻ£ٴμӴ
أ
ɭӴʼ³˫µĴڱըķѣѷ졣
ҹ
овһԪĵͬƿգ˳һ㣬ն·Ҫһƾ˼㡣

һӴ춯ֻɭӲĽӡ˳ȥԼҲһѪֽ
ҿνɱν԰ԵޱȣĿ磬̺ܻ桢硢࣬ƣͬһ壬ɭǰ
˿̣ɭԣԾ죬ǵأһС


704 ľ
ۣ˿ֲıȣɭٴһѪֱǵ˳ȥ

һǰֳ齣ҳַӡҿأǰ󹥻ɭҪɱ
ɭϾ߽ʦǿߣİ֣ɳ׸
ֻۣҧ⣬һѪĻȻʩչֻѪ֣һѪ壬ͬ˵еһ㡣
¡¡
ϿգīƹڱڣһɿֲѪɭϴݳϢֱư˽ʦǿߣƣɱʦ
ȻԳڡ
ӡϹŴ۵޼᲻ݣȻֻܷӳǧ֮һҲӺɭ⣬齣֮ֱһɱ
ɶ߽ʦĽʦɱҡɭŭͬһͷޣȫţգ׹ͬҽһųԳȥκˡ
ʱԪĴ룬ˣѾǲսֵܹزΪǿĽ־֧š
ȣ
ֻֽѪҺɺԣϢ˥Ȼڷӡǹѹȥ
ۡ
ֽмյ𣬷ӡһǰ޼᲻ݣֱȥףɭ˳ȥ
ҽһѪǰǻǶѾذݣѪȾ·
ʹ಻˫Ŀɱڣ˻Сɱˣ
أ
һڵֻɭâ£ӣɭȻޱȡ
ٿգ
ڣɭʩչԼıУһҪɱԣΪҲˣԺԼֻ࣬ʣ˰ڣ־֧ţѾˡ
ˡ
ȫ£糯ϼƿգ纣˳罭뺣һϵĴһֶ£γһռ䡣
һֱȻǿʮɭһɱһλ˽ʦǿߡ
СɣһɭĵƣǿţųԵֵˣֻбԼɱ
Ըоޱȿֲɱ͸оԼһ굾ݣҪݻ٣޷ΪһִƣͬĹ켣һ㣬У޷ıһС
Էһ𣬱ӲƳһѪ˳ȥ

ɭڣͬ˷ϣҪԳɱ
ķʮؿռ䶼ûгԵռ䡣
ӡѹһУ
𣬺ڷ裬Ϣڣɨķ;ĻȻ޷ֵݺ֣ȫȼգͬҪһ㡣
Сֹͣɣû˾ȵ㡣
ɭѪʣЦգ
ֻ˫ֿأǻѸٲ£Լѹм䣬Ҫ
ৣ
ʱһƷ
ʲôˣ
ɭɫ䣬ͷȥֻһֻںģͬצԼǰ
ͣ
ֽͬɵһ㣬ݺݶķζֻצ˳ɭ̷ĲҽĿǰĺӰʧ˵ľˣ
Ϸ򡣡ǿľˣ˫ڣͬ˶һ㣬˫Ŀն޸飬һץ£ɭ˺ѳ룬Żƥɭͱɱˡ
ûڳԵϣһϡ
Ϊζû뵽Կľð˽ʦǿߵݣȻ͵ϮԼľˣΪҪɱԼ
һ㣬ף
ৣ
ڿľ˳ֵһ˲Զܡ
Ҳһȫûľ˾Ȼ
˵Ҳ֪ľΪľҪɱԼͣ
СѣϷ㣬㲻лҲͰˣȻкˣǷ̫ûòˡľ̤նϣܲͬǴӵ߳飬ո
ٶȼ죬ת۾ͳ˳ǧס
лǰСӻм¾ˣٵŵлԸоͷƤ飬һͷȥҲǽ˼㣬ûսľ׷ֻ·һ
Ǻǣղײգͽհɡľ˺ǺЦЦ;ɭѣӵ
ǰӲͷƤ˵
СϷ㣬㾹Ȼܾʵ޿ˡľֱӴ˵ϷҲϻҾ㣬һֲϷɡ
֪ǰҪԽʵ
ľľͰ˵
ǰľѾˡ˵
ʲôľɫһ䣬ɭȻȻˣϷһ
ǰҪʲôʵ
ľ޸˵ȻľôϷͽҲԻָϷơ˵գȻ٣羪ƿգ˳ɣһצץϢͬһצץ򳽻ԡ
ɶ񣡡
Դ𣬷߶ӡֵȻԪ㣬ӳӡܡ
ۣ
צڳԺ󱳣Ѫ˾ͬСһ㱻ľ
ٺ٣Сӣľ˴һԲƣ޷
Էҽȴ޷ľ˹ߡ
Ҳ֪ȥãֻľ˾𳽻Խȥһ಻ɽ
ڶ࣬޺УԿľ񣬾ֻܶܡ
ɽһ£һʯ
ľ˾ͽԴ
ľǰڵľδҽƳɺã˵
ٺ٣СӣˣϷɵҩһҩЧ󡣡ľһ˫ն۾ųԣٺЦ


705 ౾Դ
ʲôԾ˹ȥΪΪ⣬޷
Сӣ滨ܹϷɵҩӦøе˲ǣϷƲءľһ˵
һˤ˵ϡ
ȿȿȡԾҿԣѪѪ죬߹Ƕֳ޷ľˡ
ɡľ˺ٺЦһץĴͷӡ˹ȥŷӡ˵ȻһһϹŴڣʵ޷ɭһս
ܹɭɱӡĹ͡
ľȵĹâһӣһ̹˸¡һɫ䵽ʯ룬һ˸ߣ˺ϱ
ϷȽӡкܣľ˿һųԣ˵
ѵ
ֻһӣǷɳδӦͱӽ˶ڡ
أ
̸϶ǡ
ڶڲҽУ߹Ǵ̴Ƥ⣬Ѫڰ磬Ȼһ֮⡣
ҲźҪӳȥ
ȣ
ȣײǡ
Ȼȴǲֺ
СͱˣϷĶڣƣֻбϷĿܡڣ˿ľǹЦ飬ͬź

Էźҳǣȴ˿
Ҳ
˻𣬼ȫѪɽȻȴ޼¡
أ
ʱľ͵ſڣһźɫ汻źɫ棬ЦСϷĹ㣬ֻʮ죬ͿԽƳΪһϵҩʱϷͿͻƾŽʦħϷΣ
ȥ
˵գľ˽Ĺ붦£ɫȼգһ磬ʼԡ
ͣ
ʱһȼյ𣬳̸оһȸС
Сʮ֮ͻᱻϷһŵҩھͺúʱɡˣľ˹ЦһԣżһЩԵĲĹУû󣬸ǿ
һɿǰȸڶڳ֣ϵ·ܲסɻܣճɻҽ

ҽֹֻѵĺۼһ˿˿Ѫ͸Ѫڵĺۼ
ѵҪ𣿲˻ź־ǿΣǧȻ޷ֹĹȼգѪڡ
ľŲҽ˷ޱȡ
ѾһƵҩһжᳵ·û˿⡣
Ĺȼգ
ڴһĲҽȥû
ֻԵ徹ȻֻʣһǼܴڣо˫۳Ž𣬾ͬһ㣬ɢֲĻ⡣
ͷ­֮У㣬һǻ㣬һɫ㣬ͬһĴڡ
ô£Ϊʲôҵʶûʧ
һ΢ڶǳԵ
ôû뵽ԼѪⱻգȴڣһǻһɺȻǲ౾ԴǣȻ˱ԴȻֻͬһĴڣȴĸо汾Դ
ô
Դ벻ס
౾Դѵ
ãԺȻһָоԼʶڣһжΪ౾ԴԵʡ
࣡𣡡
ԺȻˣ౾Դתһ£ǲĺ
𣬲

ѵ˵ǲĺ壿Ծ㵵ҲֻŽ͵ͨ
ʱ仺ţԵĹǼֻʣһͷ­汾ԴͲ౾Դӹţס꣬ʶ
ԸоҲԼȥ
ֻǶɹһ٣Ҳһ
תۣһ¹ȥ
ľѾ϶Աˣ˿̿ѾҺ壬ҪƳɵҩˡ
飬ЩȲˡ
ʮ
ʱѵҩɹˡľٿȻ˫ۣһƬϲã𣬿ɫ󶦣ЦϷȡ
ѵ
ֻľ˴һǷɳ
ľվɫǰֳŶץȥóһʧɫֻһͷ­Уһ˫ʻɫɫۿԼлâ˸ʱҽһҵ۾
ľˣû뵽һŰɡԴʶ
ľ˲ҽУֻ˫ѪȻ˫ĿʧųԵ˵ʱ˻˵㻹ţôܣ

ֻͷ­˫ۿУȻһһɫǻ汾ԴͲ౾Դ
飡
⣬ľ˱У˫Ŀʧ
ҽУŭ𣬡Ϸ˫趯һ˷ȥҪԵͷ­С
౾Դ治Եͷ­ȻųһѤõĹʣͬʺһ㣬һ⻡˸һ֣֮֮ͭ壬ɽѵ
ǳԵ治
֮⣡
ԴһԵͬͶ֮䶼һֻص˫Ŀʧֳ״̬Ŀľˣͫųɫԣȥصһͽľ˴ɳȥ
ܣôԵڿľ˵Բܹ⣬ֱǲţһġ
ľˣڵˡԴɽѣһ֮˫ۼǵصĴڿľ˵ϣ·𱻶ˣѪ죬ҽ
Դһͷӡ˹Ʒɣӡմصһľ˺˳ȥʯҲơ


706 治
ʱȻӵʦΪʵսͰ˽ʦಮ١
Կľ۷ʱڵʵȻԺͳԿ⣬ˣ˫Ŀʧƴңʧأս󽵣ͲǳԵĶ֡
Ҫǣ޷ܹܳ
ָоͬ˼һų˷ӣľڵͲ࣬ʶѾңɥʧ˼ڵʵ޷ܳԣܻǿԵġ
ԿɲŹʹˮĻᣬݷӡɱȥ
ء
ͬХɽعѵĿֲơ
УԾͬսһ㣬ȫͭԣХ壬ŷӡҳ齣˫֮ͫ⣬ɱľˡ

ľ˾ͬһ㱻׷ɳȥҽһСɽײˡ
ݣݣݣ
ڴʱɽ֮мӰХϢǿ󣬶Ǹ߽ʦ
ţ
ջĿ⣬ӡ齣ƥһľˡ
ͣ
һѪ˳һˣľ˾ͱ롣
ৣ
һԽ䴢
ľˣ
ųϼһĻһû뵽ľ˾Ȼǰɱˡ
һųָԣʧǳԣ
ৣ
Կһۣ
ס
ͻȻһ𣬽ס˳ԣһʮӣȲ˫ü糤ӳԣʵҽŵϣ
޷ڵĸ߷硢ħŵĸӡػڵɭˣȴҵϣǱľɱġԵ˵ɱ˿ľˣ˵ӦøлҲŶԣ
ʲô
ų϶һȴۼľ˱һ룬˳⻰ҲǼɵѡ
ߣ󵨣ǽųϽƣô˵һ˵ο˵ǿľɱģǿľɱҿǱɱģ
ԣɫʱ
ߣ㲻ʦΪɱ˿ľˣ˵
ǼȻɱЦʵ
󵨣Ҫȥţ˵һСɫɭųԣ˵
ãȻҲɱһ˽ʦǿߡ˵
󵨣ϣɫһ˵
ʱȿľǿɣԿˣ̸Ц˵˲߽ʦΪΨǰ˽ʦǿߡ
ϡһϺµĿ˳һۣ˵
ס֣⳽ϣɱ
ϣǶľڳϣ֮ǿҪӳᡣһ˵οڵӣɱҲҪڡ
û뵽˾ȻԼĻŭԣɱ߷硢ӡɭˣڵӣҲѲΣߣ˵꣬һʵˡ
ߡųϿ˳һۣϽ뿪
ˣĿһ
ڣ
ڶ죬Իصڡ
û뵽ǣܿ죬Լɱ߷˵Ϣķз
һʱ䣬𾪣
Ҫ֪߷硢ӡɭ˿ɶڳϣɱǣǷͬСɡ
ֵǣԳһ֮ôɱ߷ˣɭ߽ʦĴڡ
ųϽ֮䣬˵ԺͿľ˹ᣬ߷֮ɱ
Ϣһ˾˴롣
ûʵľȴУΪǰ˽ʦǿߣҪɱɭ˻Ǻ׵ġ
ҲһֲţΪʲôҪͿľϣɱ߷ˣԣ
飬ȻڵĻȻ
˶ţԺͿľ˹ᣬɱ߷ˡ
ȻָƽΪˣСڵˡ
ϡʮ˶ǰԺ䣬ѯࡣ
Ǿ𣿡Цʵ
ϵ˶ǺޱųԣΪ֪ԵΪˣܺʲôľ˹ᣬɱ߷ˡ
ܿ죬Ǻټԡ
ٴμԣǺ¶һĨ𾪣ΪͻʦΪڵԪȾȻ˿߽ʦ
֪⵽ô£Ǻһƽʵ
߷硢ӡɱӣɱˡ̹Ȼ˵ɭǱľɱġ
ʲôǺʧʵǿľأ
ǵɱġ˵
⡭Ǻ𾪣ϺͶ϶һ֮ɫ
˵ģǺӻţǳɱ˿ľˣҪ֪ǰ˽ʦǿߣħΧ׷½ص׷ɱܹӳˣȻԸɱˡ
ֻǽҶѣľ뽫߻ħ˫Ŀʧɱһƽ˵
áǺ˳һۣһƬգɫȲҪκˣоϡ
ʦ𣿡
ǺӲмһЦ˫ۺ˵ڵӿɲκ˶ܹģ˳һۣȻ˵ڳϣɱҲɱˣȻȥɣڵҪ
⻰ɸ߿Ǻһۣ˳˸¥
˴ǿ²ưոݡ˫ۺ⣬˵ԴȴѵһĲţܹʦΪɱʦͿľˣֶΣɲһܹģʱգҪһλʦܡ
Ǻӵͷʮ˵ڣưոݵĻȻа취ǰݡ
ϲֻ׵ͷ


707 ʦ
º󣬽š޷ڡػڡħĴһڡ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼעںͳϡ
ڣ
򻯴
Ǻڴ֮ϣϣŭ
·ơħꡢ޷顢ػʯ˷
һɳϡ
ǰĿѾ֪˰ɣǻƢֱ˵ʵҾ޷ڳϸ߷类ɱϣҾ޷һ
߷ҪɱԣѵͲɱ𣿡Ǻޱ˵ɱˣ޹
ڸһڳϣѵ𣿡ʯ쳤˵
ߣػɭڿľϣ볽޹ءǺһ˵ʯ죬һ֮ɭ߽ʦǿߣʦΪܹɱ𣿡
⡭ԣʯʱ硣
ɲô˵ǺͿľᣬɱɭˡ꿴Ǻӣ˵ԺͿľᣬ͵ɱ
꣬к֤֤ԺͿľ˹᣿ǺӺȻվĿƵĶ꣬˵û֤ݣݹڲ
ųϽƺڣɵĿǺһۣ˵
ڡ߳
ۿԺͿľ˹ᣬɱˣǷʵʵ
ǡƵ
ƣʵǺͬһ㣬ƣһִ˵м٣ڽʬΣ
⡭Ҿʵɫһͣ˵ȷʵǳԺͿľ˹ᣬɱɭλϡ
ԺڣǺĿ˽һۣʵ
ӳԼʱԴӺһ˳˽һۣ¶һĨɱ
ԣɱҵӣһҪץ򳽻ԡ
飬㵨򻯴֣ҿǵ졣ǺӲȻŭǺӣһһǳԺȥЯǳ
ʲô󾪣û뵽ǺӾȻҪԣαˡ
ʲô˼ꡢơʯ˶ǰһʵ
ʲô˼ڵҪλʲô˼ǺӴһӣһ˵˭ɱڵӣԣݹֱڲ
ɱڵӣľкλ˵ɱɫ˵
ߣƣ㻹ѣԩڵӣǺһ˵ԣ֤
ǡԹǰһˮ
ˣƺȻȫ˫Ŵһǿ־֮ɫ
Ǻʵ
ߣǲ˵ԺͿľ𣿱ھǿˡǺ˵
һֻ̣ˮӳʱһԻǳһľ龰ĽкȻڶ
ǻкλҪ˵ǺЦʵ
ԩԣԩԡͨһ˴ϣסͷ˵
ߣԩڵӣֻһ³ǾǺӺ˵
ңҡƾź
˭ȵ㣿ǺӴһƺХȥ
ס֣Ƽ˵
أ
ȻǺҪɱƣȻֹֺȻ£ɫʣǳ磬ֻһǳ£ֱӴ˽ϣҽһͻΪѪǳһѪɢ
󣬴ָ糣һѪζûУ·ʲôûз
һƬţ
˭û뵽Ǻ˵ɱ˾ɱˣ˵ڳ϶סˡ
˭ԩڵӣԣϣλǺӵȻ˵
Ƿ̫ˣʵ
̫ɱħڵӾ͸ԩڵӾ͸ǺӹЦ˵
ߣȻľûкͳԹᣬǸ߷ܸǳɱİɣʯ˵ԩԵɱǳɱڵҲɱ
˭֤߷ǳɱģǺӴȻ˵ڿǱľɱģħ׷ɱľˣѵľ˾Ͳɱڸ߷硢ɭˣ˿Կһ޸ǣľβˣǵǱľɱɡ
Ǻʮ˵ڵӳԿɱ˿ľˣڲлҲͰˣԩԣûһڷ緶ȥҶ㣿
ʲô
ԣЩѪû뵽ǺӾȻó˵ǣһǺ©ֱ޴ӷ
ȴĿɿڴˣǺ𣿼ֱǹ˵ߵڰ׵˵ǾȻ˵Ȼ
ˣԶһͬС
ڵĵڣûܳͶԼʧ˽ƣǰʯͷԼĽš
λǱҪʼˣϣλǺúΪҶ룬ΪԼ룬ҪˡǺĳ˵ҶѾδǰβܽǰĻҶݵ˻󽵣ʱ붫Զӡ
˻һ˶ء
ǡ̾˵˴ҽ³çˣûʲô£ҽŸǡ
˵գƴŽųϾ߳򻯴
ʯ˼ˣҲ˵ڸǡ
ǡٲʣҲֻǱȥ
ˡԶ͡Ǻӵĵ
ڳϺ͵ӶþηǺӣû뵽ڱƹľ棬Ȼﻯˡ
°ɡǺӻ˻֣˵£
ǡڳ˳ֻ³һˡ


708 ɽս
ԡǺĿ磬䵽ϣ˵֪Ǳ񣿡
Ǳ񣿡һ㶣˵šǰҾ֪Ǳ䣬ûܲμӡ
Ǳ½һʢᣬμӵҪ󣬱ǲߵʮ֮µʦߡǺϸϸ˵Ǳغˣķٲʢǰé߸ǿԵõĪˣʹΪһǧʶ½ʮµʦ߶μӡ
ǰ죬Ҷ޶ûһ˽ǰǰҲûҶһ½Ҫһû˽ǰݵȾͻ󽵵ͣ˴󽵣ѽ١Ǻɫص˵
ԣһǱ䣬ҶҪһ˽ǰ˲ܱ֤Ҷ˳棬ʢ롣Ǻ˵һǱ䣬֮󣬱ϣܹμǱ䡣
ģǲģ֮Уڻ㾡ȫ㡣Ǻ˵
ģһμǱ䡣԰ݵ֪Լûв´ĻҲμӴ˴λ䣬˵ŷѩ˻ϡ
áǺЦ仰Ҿͷˡ
Ӹˡ԰ݵ
ȥɡǺӵ
󣬳߳ϡʮȺ
һ壡
֣Աϸ˵˵ĿǰΪֹһ˼룬ĺԱֻһʮ˲
ܺáԵͷɫ˵ȵһ㲻ΪжߣҳϣֻˣſԵõκá
ԣϵ˶ͷ
˳֣ǿľɱģʵ
ϵҲ򳽻ԣȻѾǻǲţǿľ˿ǰ˽ʦǿߣǳʲôΪ
Ҷѡ˵ԭɱľ˵¼¼ֻΪԷһҲûд㽻ǺӣϾ̫ˣƣҲֻóˣֻû뵽Ķ
ʲô磿ʵ
ĽʦԵ
ԣϵ˶ĿɿڴĿųԣţĽʦͰ˽ʦ֮Ĳ࣬ɲһ㣬˵صĲҲΪû뵽ȴܹԽĽսֱ֣ӵй
ԼݸһЦϾ̫˳Ծˡ
֪ʱȥ
ԽΪȶĽ۷ʦ౾ԴСɣгɣʵȲһ
ţǾͻʦԶˡ
Ȼһ죬нųɽԼ±䡣
˵𣿽ųɽԼڵӳԲ±䣿
ʲôɽӿ߽ʦǳȴĽʦȫûпɱԣɽΪʲôҪԼ䳽ԣ
ŽųɭǱɱģȻѾ֤ʵڿľϣľȴǱɱɽԲųܹɱľˣԼ
ɱľˣǹ˳ԾģǳԽܱ𣿡
֪ѾˣɽѾºݻڵӳԵС£Ͳˡ
ȫǼϣԲҪϵϾɽ֮ʵ̫ˣȥҲֻһͿء
ڶ̶̼֮ڣ޸ڸɶ֪ɽԼ䳽ԵϢ
֮ǰ޷ڣΪᷢɵ飬û뵽ǱڣֱǴ޸ŵ۾ɽԼ䳽ԣӦþһһӡ
ϢҲڴˡ
ɽսʦ֣ҪҪԼǽųϣʦȴĽʦݡʵȫԵȣֱɥĲ񡣡
ҿڱڶӣڳʦһˡ
ǰϣʦֲҪս
һʱ䣬ڶɽԼ䳽Եۡ
壡
ϡʮص˵׷Ȱ賽ԲҪɽӵԼ䡣
ųɽӿ߽ʦɲܽԼ䰡켱˵
ǰԣѾϴˢףɽӲ飬ֻҪڸžͿˡ˵
صҲͷ
Ǳˣ±ǲŵģɽӾƳһӡԺЦ˵ȴһƺ⣬˵ȻҪԼ䣬Ҿͽս
ʲô
ԣϼ˶վ
ˣǲȰˣҽĻ䡣԰˵죬㴫Ϣ˵ҽԼ䣬ȴҪͷƷʯûУɽӹһȥ˶սҳôй򣿡
á۾һ˵ųʵǶŵùġ
һֿС׬һʣÿֲʱĿЦ
ˣȥɡԵ
ܿ죬ڴԽɽԼ֮£ȴҪƷʯĲͷɽò͹ɣ
ɶ񡣡ɽ֪Ϣ󣬱ף޲óɱԡ
糽ϣɽԼ˽Ƶָʹ
ԣܿƾøɽƷʯ
ģһܳԡɽӹ˵
ãסͿˡĮȻ˵
סɽӵ
ãϢԽɽսͷƷʯԣսԵˣսҪƷʯĲͷ
Ȼʦߣ
һ£˶ˣ鳽Լ׬ȡʯˡ
Ҳŭ˺ܶˣҪͳԱԡ
ʱ޷ƼһӱһЩƫԶ֪ˡ


709 ͷ
ڳԽɽԼ䣬͹춼ܵģǰѰʣǸܵǹʱ򣬶ĬȻˡ
ǺӵȴǷδһ㣬ڳԺɽԼһ£ܲˡ
Ϊ˵ȻָƽӣǶԱһЩĺǿɫԼ䳽ԡ
һУԲ֪
ΪѾͿϵǰˡ
£
һǧĲݵأ϶£ɶγһε龰
һ峺ʴƺƵŶȥ
Сҡڣͬ赸һ
Ӱֻһڽɫվ绪ʢԶϢ罭Ӳݡ
ǽŵһЩϺ洫ӣǰսɽӡ
ɽϥںϣ˳ȾһϢɢҽڣԶۺԶԶȥ͸оһˣһɽһ㣬Ρ׳
½½ǰ
ħš޷ڡػҲгϵǰ
Ȼǰսߡ
ϼϼҲˣǿҷ磬һԴԵĵ
ԺɽԼʱڽգʱûж¡
ԽԽ˳ں
ܿ죬ʱ䵽硣
Բˣ˰ɣ
ܣϾɽӿ߽ʦĴڣƾǳĽʦΪҲܴɽӣ
˵ɱ˿ľǴɽҲӦ׾ٰɣ
Ǻǣ֮Ҳš
˶ۡ
ϼ˵Ի𣿡ҷʵ
һᡣϼ˵
ԣԴһֵģʱһȭſɽӡϼŷȭ˵
Ψһһҿ͸ˣʵҷ˵
ԣϼȻһЦͳദĵεΡ
ϣǳǲǲˣһųǰ˵
ٵһȡɽʶһɨûзֳԵӰüͷ˵
ðɡⳤϵͷ˵
ʱѾǧ˲ںʦǿߣн׺͸߽ʦӶࡣ

ʱԶ˺Х
ˣ
ʱ˾
Ȼֻһڷ
Ǿ֮⣬ԺȻ˵
Сġϵ˵ǵȴ㿭֪ȻǸ߽ʦʵȴǣɽսǼǧ׷ԲһʦΪԶ۲õѡ
ġ΢΢һЦ糤ƿգһĲʺ磬˺ϣɽңңԷʱսһǣڳԺɽӶͷγ޴ѡ
أ
˲䣬Ѿͱը
Ȼӵв߽ʦʵɽͫ΢ص˵ȻղֻͨһսԿȴʵʦȴܹѾ˵ʵˡ
߽۷ʦһƽ˵ȻɽҪɭǿһЩѾ޽ӽŽʦǿߡ
ԣ֪ͺáɽɫһĨɫ˵ԣڹԹ仹üһᱻܡ
ٷϻͷأ˵
ߣƷʯԼ鿴ɽһɨһӣһֻɳ˰С
ҵġɽûʶԳʶһɨͿˡҲóһ
ãʼɡɽӼһ´û⣬ɴ˵СӣҿԿ϶ɭʦܼ˾ɱģҾҪΪֻһ
¡
һ죬ֻɽ˵ͳ˳ЯǿԪϢ
ৣ
ԸˣȻûкɫֱȡ齣ܽ䣬ϼɣһƿշɳ
飡
ɽֻһˣͬǧڣƺƴһȭԪʵʣȭâ᳤գǳһ㡣

ԳԵʵȻܹѧܣСɣȴƷϽѧСâ£ݻƺħԨһ㣬ʮ
أ
ֻһѹɽһȭƲɵƳȥͬʵĶצХ
ʲô
˹ɽӳԾҲͬˣȭһ䣬Х಻ײԪϣ֮ڶ
͹˾

ͬʱӴض·ڲ
ɶҾͲţȭ֮
ɽĿϢɭȻĿ飬Ϣԣ˫ȭɽͻɽɽ֣¡ʮɷԲڵĿռ䱻գֱӱѹҵ죬ҽʲãء
¡
ףƺƵϯķɶȥ
꣡
˫ȭͬһɽֱѹϣͬһ㱻ѹ顣
ɣ
ɽǣ籩ֱ֮꣬ƹ򳽻ԡ

޼᲻ݵȭâݺѹ齣ϣ䣬ⱬӿͬ˳޿ƥеĻ
أ
Զʱ˳ȥǰһۼ
ȭâ䵽ϣһ޴죬һʮɵӳ֣Ϊģ˷Ѷȥеˮʮɸߣзڣ·һ㡣
򣡡
ɽһȭһʽ̺ܣĨɱ
ã䣬һٴ
֪ҽŵ

˼Աɽѹƣ׷׽·ѾԱſһ㡣
޷ڡħź͵ػڵˣޱȣû뵽ԾȻ˲һӾͳֳ֮ˣֱǴʧ֪Ǿ򳽻Էˡ


710 Ծɽ
Ϊһ£Ҳѵԣֻû뵽ȡ
ɽӴ˳ԣɾýŶϷ磬ڵЩҲסˡ
Դͣϼ˫֣ΪԼ͡
һҪӮϼĬĬĹעԣһŷľȻ
ģԵֶοֹЩҷο˵
ϵҲ¶ǣû뵽ɽӵʵ֮ǿ
ſ£ɽţԵ˼㣬ȭƹһУһȭ϶µĹԴҪһȭſ¡
ƾ㣿Цһз罣ХƼһӳ˫ضһΪƽɽһȭ
û뵽㻹ӣҪңͱˡɽ¶Ц˫ȭ趯ӣɫ䣬ȭܼӳϣֱһȭʣ޵еĴڣǣһɸߴȫһ֮â
ף
ɽӴһһ۵ףĿƣߴͣ쳤Хɽӣ
ֻ绢˫ȣƣϢʵͬʱֶ¡
¡¡
ãݵ𶯣޾һգɫ䡣
˶Ǿ֪ɽҪʩչʲôѧͨ
ˡ
ɽǰһȦǿʢԪ𺧵ĿУһɵɽ֣ޱȻɢӳѷ죬˾
ԣѹ㣡
ɽӷЦ˫ֵǰɽХ϶ųͷѹ¡
أ
ɽδ£ռ䶼ȥγһƥǿѹ򳽻ԡ
ȣ
ֻڰɽ£Хϣڷ裬ž죬͵شһ齣Ԫ¿ǣγһķâ¶γأ糤䣬ֱȥ
¡
ƺƴض𶯡
СӣɽϹѧͨףֻСɣ۳ɽҲаأɽҲֵˣɽͬӳԣԵվЯԪעɽʱٶȿǣѹ˽ϡ
꣡
һͬ𣬳ɫһ䣬̳ܡ
𣿡
ɽӴһԪ֮ˮϯ£γһɫĻ
䡪
ֻһ춯صĺ죬Աɽѹ£³ȴڼ֡
ʲôɽɫһ䣬û뵽Ե֮󣬵һ޴Σɱ֣ƵĶҪɱԣأ䵽ɽϣݺݲ̤ɽƴһ³
ֶܹãɽӲڰɽϣЦ
ԴĽ˼£齣Ӳɽ
һγˡ
ɽӿŽʦǿ߶Ҫݱܷâ⳽ԲĽʦѹŹ֡
ãҲΪɭϳһڶ
˹ЦСһűɽѹƵĳԣڳм
Ҫȥ
ȥҲ޲Ҫųԡɫ˵
ʮ
ϼúҷ綼ǲѡ
׻ױ
ȻԴһƬϯȼգһ⻡Х˸Ƚ
͡
Ȼɽգ޾УžһƬ
һȵܲɽֻȷǳ
ͣ
ֻͷϷİɽһһ׵
ʲô
ڽ˶һ
ɶ񣡡ɽȻҲ쵽һ㣬ɿԶɽ
أ
һ˲ɽըɻˣҰǱ鲼Բɡ
𽣹⣡
Գ糤һҡֱϣһ̺Ľͷɽӡ
飡
̻һѤãǳɽӼֵҲˡ
ʲô
˴ʧɫû뵽ԾȻˣɽӾһٶıˡ
ã
Դ쵰ϼ
ɽһ࣬ŭͬһͷܣųԵĿ⣬޸飬˵Сӣҵġ
ˡ
ڰУԪܹ˫ȭأ貣ɢͬһĹʣȲʺ绹Ҫÿȴ̺һɻԲڵգ̺ͬˮˮһ㡣
¡
һ죬ɽУͬʷʫеĴһ㣬ͭɫķɫ覵ǣ˱ըԵ
ɽ
һڴʧɫαˣôû뵽ɽӾȻʩչ֮һɽ
˶֪ɽһͨɽɽӵУܹͨ;Žʦǿһսһ㡣
֪һͨˣ𾪷ǳ׷ȥ
һĻͬĩսһ㡣
꣡꣡꣡
ɽΪģؿʼѺۣգһѷ졣
һɺƴɽӵϡ
ɽ
ϹŴڵͨ󣬾ֶͬһôرɢ

ɽʥǳͬһϵŽͽԼеɱԡ
СӣĽվļաɽӱ˵
˵䣬˫־֮ͬһգͬ£һ㣬һԪɽ۳֣Ӷųȥǿļѹֱѹء
ৣ
ԳҪȥ
ӵ𣿡
ɽһЦֻ䣬һɽͽ֣С
𽣹⣡
죡
׻ױ


711 ɽɽ
һвڳϣͬһźӰǣȥʩչɱУɽ޾һһ𲻾
ء
һըУԱһƬɽΧֱ

ɽӹЦ˫Žһɿɽʱѹ޲ںһ
¡¡
׹˱ը
հν
ԴһԪӿ齣Уһͬƥһȥûǲɽڣһ촫Ϣˡ
ˣɫ䡣
ͱͽˣɡɽӹЦǳ˵
ҾͲšԴһĵɭޣϣӭȵ籩ʱһƬ籩޿ײĽɽ֮УһɸʴѸȾ
˲Ϣ䣬籩ͬһ㣬ϯȫɽ塣
áɽӺȻɫ䣬û뵽ԾȻͷ𾪲ѡ
ۡ
䣬һͬĻɢ𣬶ʱǰסԵ޾ɽɢ籩ͬһɽӡ
򣡡
ɽӴһ˱ͬʱƺݺѹ£籩籩ʱɢ
ʢ˥ʱ
Բƣ齣趯ƮݣĥһʢϯƬ̣ŨͿʼ˥ȥ
ҵ˥ɽӴʧɫһӰԭΪԼܳԣʮþȵ飬û뵽ԵѧͨԼϹͨ޷ѹֱǲš
ɶ񣡡
ɽĻ˫Ŀɱӿ֣Ĺԡ
Ȼ壬ӭǰȥ
ãԴϼ˵Ľе
ϼҷҲ˿

̫ˣɽӦûֶ˰ɣ˷˵
ųȻܹĽʦΪѹư˽ʦȻ鼤˵
ֻܸ󣬼֤漣صͷ˵
⳽ôǿ
õģһԴ
ҪˣϵɽܹŽʦǿߵͨ⳽һֵס
˶߲ѣŭӳԣ޲ɽɱ
޷ڵ֮ˣҲǾû뵽ԵʵǿǿɽӾȻռֺˡ
ռ䣡
ɽӷɽӣ绢ХǺƥ˫ֿأԪʶȥһεγɣС
ƣǱˮռӿֲĴڣܹȥռ͸Ӳٻ£εƹЮϣΡɽ룬޼ɵĳȥ
أ
ɽӵռʱըؾˡ
ʲô
ɫ󺧣ŭСӣֲˡ
ߣɽӣʲôƾóɡ˵
ɽŭóԼĵơɽ
¡¡
һץԭϵ̺ͱƺƵˢʣͬһɫ֮ˮһ㡣
Ƭ̣ͱɣ¶ѵĺӴķѿĴӿܣ纣Хƥ
أ
һһɽת콵Ưꡣ
Ž
龰ͬˮɽһ㣬ֲɽͺˮȫںϣ۳һ
һֻͨϹʱŴڵ
ɽӵչֳлصܡ
ȭ꣬ɣɽӴһ۳һţȭ۳⣬ɽ֮Уʱɽӷ·һ㣬ʼƶԺɨǧϯƣƺƵȥ
¡
غ¡·𱻴ˡ
ÿһκˮԶʯٽأΡĺɽ֮ͬһ㣬ȥɰ˻ġ
飡
벻֮£ֱǱײ˳ȥ
СӣɡɽЦԵǳͬһ䣬Ҫɱԡ
Ե˺ۣѪȾ졣
λñ䣡
ڴ˽Ҫͷʩչ˾ѧ
ٹ棬ճһĻͬһɽͼһ㣬ڣɽ塢ľͲʯһͯ
ɽӿǰĿ˲룬·У֪
λñ֮ڿֵľ滭һĴڣһ־ϵĹö־ȱݣ־
Ǿʦط
ɽӣѾˡǸߴӰǻ֮Уһ㣬̲һ
ûСɽڻпųǾ޴Ӱ쳤ХȴһѪۣ
¡
֮ĳԼˣ΢΢һЦһɫ䡣
ɽ˻ź
أ
Ȼ𻭾ʱľѾӰ죬ûܴӻ߳ңѪػ㵹ɳȥ
˲˼龰䵽УʱĿɿڴ
ΪͨδţЩ׺нʦûܿɽܸԵģֻЩʦ֪ʩչһУӰɽӵľ־ƣʧܡ
£һƽ
紵ûһ
ǾʦֶΡػڳɫصĿųԣ˵һͣһʦ
ԭˡ˵ͷ
޷ںħŵҲһ㡣
ħ˫ӺȻУ𺳣̶̰ʱ䣬Ծӵ˴߽ʦǿߵʵˡ


712 Ⱥ
νĶǿߣҲʦˡ
ǿ߶֣ͳʱֱǵıͬʱҲǵս
ǳӡԭƽ彣ˣԼͳ֮Ĳࡣ
ͬһʱǲ֪ǵĲңǵˡ彣е𾪣˵
ҲֻܴǺǿ档˵
νʱӢۣӢҲʱơԭƽĿ⾼˵ҿɲ֮Ǳ䡣
Ҳǡ˵
šӵͷ˵һΣǺˡ
ԵʵѾֱ߽ʦ۷壬֪Ͱ˽ʦΣ˵޷ڡػڡħǲġ
ȥɡӵ
˵𾪾͸ˡ
ϡ˷ӵǰɽӡ
ߡһ̤ǰ
ԣѾӮˣʲôһӼɵĿ˳һۣʵ
ʯԵĵ
㡭ųϴŭһࡣ
ô뷴ڣЦʵ
㡣ɽòŻܺ޵Ŀ˳һۣȡĴ˳ȥ
ܸųŭҪס
һ齣һϯڤӹƳȥγһ

һҽУųϵ˳ȥǲסʦΪǳԵĶ֣
ߣ´ΣҾҪǵԺ˵
㡭ųϸо˳еɱ⣬һ飬ǰ֪ٷڵĻ³ĻɱԼ
ԣһһҪ㡣ɽӼ䲻ʵ˵
ܶ˱Ҵ֮󣬶ô˵֮ǾҲսˡԲ˵ɽҲ⣡
㡭ɽ˵֣Ҳ˵
ˣԵ̤գ˳Ʒ¼ҩֱһƷʯԪ
һԾͻָơ
ǲ౾Դ𣿡ԸоԼƵĻָ뵽ղŷõҩֻһˣʵֻʯǲԪ౾Դ̶̵ʱ塣
ǿĻָ
˾̾û뵽ԵĻָǿмˮ㣬ų˵սһӾͻָƣͲǰˡ
޷ڡػںħڳһۣ鶼Ϊأ˵ΪʵҲδʮ꣬Ѿסʦǿߣͳһֱ֮
ûս𣿡ƷʯãڰУɣһѳ֮ϵˡ
˻һɿʵĺˮʱĵġ
Ҿ޷ս㡣ȻӾ޷ڷɳһˣһʲ꣬ʮ߰ģ߽ʦʵɽ޼ֻӳһ˵Ʒʯ
ᣬʵɽӲ£֪ܷܳԣ
ҿԼֱй֮ܣܴȡ
ǰ̫£Ľʦѣ߽ʦУʦ֮µһˡ
˼
ãɡʶһ£ʯû⣬˵

εض죬ƺһǿı򳽻Լٶƶȥ
׹Ⲩ
һ£᳤գоγ֮ը
ƣ
һͬʱַԺϢƮ죬𲻶ӡƽȴ̺µĻ
ӡ£ռ⵽ѹ
Զʱ֣ģᱡвڣͬ޻һ㣬齣ն£Ȼ޹Ч
أ
ӡ䵽齣ϣ˳Ƶ˳ȥ

Լ˳ԣսⱶͬʱʹֽӡǵص򳽻ѹȥ
С󣡡
Լôߣɫһ䣬ȵԪ
¡
һһεֶ£ͬһεḲǣʱԼٶȱӡѹٶȶ½򳽻ԣɫ¶һĨţû뵽޷֪Ŀֲڡ
һ̣֪ԵĿ£ȫǳԼԤϡ
հν
һȣ˦һͬὭžһ޴˳ȥ
ƺһһѪ
ϡ޷ڵ˼Ҫǰ
ǰһݹҳ顣ɭ¶ɱ⣬齣ѤõĹʣ˿˿ƵӵĿʹ¶½纮١
£
ת򳽻ԣ˵ԣҳǿ䣬ǲܵģ
ƾأĵŭ裬ǣһʩչԼɱУһط䣬籦һѹԡ
䣡
תۼ䣬Ǿط϶£ѹ򳽻ԡ
ûлϢҲûкζȴһѹصơ
طƣѹ
ལ⣡
һ౾Դʹ뽣УɫĲལϢǾطС
꣡
ͻȻһ졣
áʱɫ䣬αˡ
ء
һ̣طɢ纣һ˷
ʲôʽʹûлˡһ˵
תһԪͬբĺһ㣬ӿкһγȫ෴ķʹǿ
һУսƽһλ̤Žʦǿߡ
һеȻûɽӵɽǿ


713 ֳѹ
Ը趯λñ䣬ͿԴ
꣡
һӰͬȣݺݵһն
أ
Ƿ̼߽֮⣬ᱻشһѪڻϡ
ɡԸ·һ㡣
ȥʮֲʣѾ²⵽ԼǳԵĶ֣û뵽ܵ˸ɴ࣬ӳį˳
һۣĿ䵽˵ػںħϣ˵ǻս𣿡
һ䣬ž
ػڵһۣǲ
ȻûԸս£ҾˡΪʧϾֻ׬ȡİƷʯ
ݣ
ʱһѸֻ߳һӣʮ˾ӣۣһϮڷһģͨüк֮⣬ϴһɼǿϢ
ֳϣ
ħŵһ㶣׷׽е
̫ˣֳˣγˡ
ֳħɫĳ֮һ겻ʮ꣬Ѿǰ˽ʦǿߣܹ֮ͻƾŽʦ˵ԾǱ
ǰֳϵʵԸһԣúңʮþȵ顣
һӣħǣһˡ򳽻ԡ
ħŵֳˣ
찡û뵽ȻѵΪ˳Զ
˵׼ҪֵĻԻϵ⣬׸
۷׷ףû뵽·ϾȻɱһֳ鼤ⳡϷûн
ԡϵҪֹԡ
԰ڰ֣νħֳһۣȷʵһ˲õĽɫ˽ʦΪһ㣬ͲɽӿԱ⣬ʵͬеǿڡ
Ҫսԣ壬Ҫ¶ԼֶΡ
ϾֳȾǿߣͨʽѧѾûãֻжɱУɽӶϹѧֳȻҲп˹ͨ
ǳԣֳһֱӿʮɿռ䣬˳Զ棬һµĿ⿴򳽻ԣʵ˵ɱľˣԭţܹɽӺˣԹȻ飬ȻˣսɸҴӦ
Ѿսսǳ֮Σ𣿡̲ס˵
ҸʱϢʱ䡣ֳԵͷ˵
˵գĿٿȻ䵽˿ϣһһƴϣʱһѪ˵ǰ㻹ûвأһֻǸһѵ
㡭˴ŭǰ
ɱ𣿡ֳĿʱ˵
ߡԼǰһʾĿֳ˵СʱھͿʼɡ
ãȻ·ҾͲˡֳ˵
ʯأʵ
ʲôʯֳʵ
һԣƷʯ㲻᲻֪ɣʵ
ʲôѵΪһܸһĽʦߣֳɫɭȻʵ
ľ˶ɱˣһ˽ʦһûԲ˵ûʯĻô͹ɣ
㿴ˡֳŭ޲ɱԣȴǰɱ⣬ͳһȵ
ʯҲҪԳŭˣѣֵܣֳǺͳԣûʲô˵ġ
ɣ֪ߣɡֳЦѾ㽫Ժݺĥɲзϣ֪ô
ϻ̫ˣѵһ𣿡Բ˵
ֳԲ˿ȴҲ̲סˣǰ˽ʦǿߣŶʮ꣬Ϊʦܣħŵ̫ϳϣ嶤ϵ飬ħڣһڵ¸صĳϼҲ𾴡
û뵽ԾȻ裬ڳԣֱսＫޡ
ô̲סˣҲˡЦ˵
Сӣſ£ֳһȫ·˵飬˼䣬Ҫɱԡ
ƾҲǰ˭ĵԴһ۷״̬ͭɫļͬϹս񣬳˱ըԵ齣â¶չֳΪ֮һ档
飡
Ժֳ˲ഥ̼ͷֿһ촫ĿԷ
Ľʣôܣֳ𾪵˵
֪Ϊܹɱľ˰ɣЦ
ĽΣǰ˽ʦǿߣʣ־ҲﵽףҾͲţ־Ҳﵽףֳɫŭ̲СӣƵ־ɡ
ˣ
һεƵ־򳽻ԣ׵һϢ
¶ˣ־ԹЦ٣һ׽־ӭ˳ȥ
ء
˲䣬Ƶ־׽־ײһ𣬾ȻƾС
ôܣֳ󾪣ֱǲţĽʦߣȻӵĽ־죬ľȣʵ̫ˣףˣСӣҽҲҪ㡣
¡
˽ʦԪ׼ͬһźɫڵȥܲգͬǳء
ħצ
ֳһֺȻָ̧ţӥצһ˸ڽһĹԣʮɷԲķϿ򳽻ͷҪԴժ
ƾ㣿
Դŭһҡֱϣ齣ͬƥһӳնɱķݺ꣬ӿְ˻ϣ⿴ƣֳһ㣬ڵȼϣҪǿ


714 
ֳѾŵĿųԣʺ־ǿˣڻֱ˱ˣֻһͷܳԣϵΪΪзϣãܣ˲ܷйеŭ⡣
ͣ
ǺצϣһƬ죬ĦƬ
ħԨ֣
ħצԸ˳ԣֳʩչһУֻ˫ֿأӿͬϼƺһ㣬ųɹԣһοռγɣ֣ܣͬһһ㣬
ҿܣֳЦһ˵ƾĽʦΪҲҺҶֱ·˵գһֵǷȺһۣ˫ֺ£ռ̼ѹֳЦԣҽ㼷
̫ˣ
ʱ˳ԵĻ
ҿ̫ˣͷţҰɲзϡֳ˵
籩
Դһ籩ϯͬһȥ¡һȻӲĴռ䣬һ
ৣ
ֻԵӰֳǰһն£롣
룿ֳһĳһӡ齣ϣһ죬Ժֳ˫˫ɳȥ
ȻƾУ
һ£˶ˡ
ÿһж𺧣ȣš
ѵ˵ľǱɱģ
ÿһͷӿֳͷֳҲ⣬ʵĸоӵвڰ˽ʦǿߵʵ
ȻδԿЦСӣӣղֻʵҪóͳʵȫѹ
ղֻʵԼأղѾǰ˳ˣԼֳһβࡣ
ֳױߣоζ챻ըˣֱӶþųԪɶͬĳǣɽ緢ӵһֲأݣ³Ϣٴһˡ
ԡϼСģ
ģսܵս߰˵
Դϼе
Сӣվ˵ʱɡֳĿħϸֳ˿˿ƵĻƶͬһܲС
δСɣҲԸЩȴǲ塣

Դһα齣ֳ
ֳһ˫趯ڣƷɣһӡǴ¶أ˿ֲɭ
齣ն£ӡУ
¡
һƥݶֱֻһʹͱˡ
Ϊڵ㣬ҵĶ𣿡ֳм˵Ҫɱ㣬һӣǲɱģҪֽŴϣ㳹׳Ϊˣܡ
ϣֳһ˫ִһһӡǣ̺вɴȵܡ
ȥ
ֳȣЩӡǷΪ֣£֫ݺݼ˳ȥһƬХ
ʢ˥ʱ
أֻĽ⣬ХһƬϢʢ˥
ƲˡֳЦһ˵
ֻӡǴϣֽɵһ㡣
ҲзϰɣֳЦѾԳΪһˣԼġ
Ȼˣ㡣˵λñ䣡
Ȼֳǰһ
һͯһߴк۸ñף޵
ߴкЦıϡ
Ǻͯģֳʱ
ֳľУ԰Σ־

¶ɱնֳ
һжǼٵģơ
ͻȻֳ˫ĵĿųԣ˵Ҳɱҵľ־ֱ̫ˣɣ
ħ֣
̧罭ʣֳһ䵽˳ǰ
ֻۣ𶯣ѪһѪԼ˳ȥ
ˣ
ǰ˵ˣֳĶ֡
ֳԣ·
ԡ
ϼͿϵ˼ˣ
ҷ㡣ֳҲϼһۣݺץ򳽻Եı۰Ҫϵ
ӡ
ʯ֮䣬һƷ䣬һֽǰȥͬһֽһ㣬ȽȽԣԪļӳ£ǣһ䷿ݴСƬɫҫ˽ɫ
һ߽ɫһɫ໥ӦһĻ
ʲô
ȻԶ۾Ҳܲ˾ҵĽ⡣
ֳҲû뵽ͻ֣貽˫ۣȫģΪʶѾ˳ԣܲˡ

ֳһƴƬϣʱɫ䣬ֻһɻķݽֱۣѪǾʹƵķҽ
ϵңֳҾͳȫ㡣ԴһŷӡӭϣһǴֳ
⵽ʲôڣǽ̻Ի͵ĹȥֳҲ˳ϵķӡɫ𺧣˵ƷƷܶûϹ
ĿɿڴĿųԣţԷȻӵϹ
Ϲ
һҲѣҲƿЩʵǿʦܺ͸̫ϳС
ԣһŵӣĽʦȻӵϹֱǱɱֳܡ
ңʹõӣȻûгϹʹ÷¾ͲԼˡ
Ϲ
ΧЩŵԣɻȻǻ֪


715 ֳ
ϹʱֻЩʦУû뵽⳽ԾȻӵУ̫˳Ծˡ
찡ѵǽӡϹ
̫ˣ⳽һֱûóڱֳ˲óȻǻûóʵֳ֪ܷ
֮𾪳ԵĿ¡
Ϻϼ˾͸ˣû뵽ͻȻóôһɱ
Դͣϼ޼ɵĽе
ϼϼɫһ䣬æǳãҪֳ֪ħųϣ֮ӵĴڣݱνϯ洫Ӹ߹ˣɱˣǶڳ˵ֱһѡ
㣬ֻ˵˵ѣֳôǿ򲻹Դ磬ܵı»еİɡϼ㷢ŭæĿ˵
̫ˣû뵽־Ȼĺñóˡȭͷ˵
ǽӡʮ֮˾ϹֻʦܲʩչܣʦǿҲֻһˡҡҡͷ˵ο˵ȱҲǲ̫֪
ƥص˵ʦܶĶʦƿأֻɱ֮
ų°ɣһգæʵ
֪ȶȹǰѹذɡ˵
ء
ֳֻӡһǴ˳ȥֻǺ
ԣӵϹΣͷӲֳЦ
Ը㹻ˡ֪һ㣬ΪͻʦҲֻܹһʹ÷ӡ̫ԶԸֳˡ
ǾͿ˭˭ֳ˻
ˡ
ͻȻֳֻĵͬпڴģһӡǱйɵһ𣬲һתͬӤ̶ͷƤ顣

ֳ͵شһһ£ʾһ㡣

ת˲һϯйһӰҡҷҹӰ涣ɭȻֲ
֮ռ̱˺ѣͬһ㱻׳ռγֱײ򳽻ڵķ
ӰߴצЯ򳽻ԡ
գ
ˣһЦӡ۶£ͬطɣһڳ֣ͬ޾֮ڣǿֲС
ʲô
ֳɫһ䣬һųԡ
˵ˣԸ㹻ˣ˰ɣЦ˵
㲻Ҫ̫㲻ӵϹͱҷˡֳŭ
ߣбҲһϹԲм˵ǣõĳ𣿡
㡭ֳĲѪ޲̷ϵԣǰĳֳϹƥķѾɵˡ
ѹԲԥĴӡƬɫֳȥ
ɶ񣡡ֳһ࣬ԼʵȳǿȴѹƣֱǱɱҪܣȴûа취Ⲣ䣬෴Լĵ󽭴ļ¡
أ
ӡֱ޼᲻ݣѹ£ɢֳƷ˳ȥ
һĻ˿𾪣û뵽սת֮죬תŵֳͱѹŴˡ
ħһڣһš
ϼȴ˷ޱȣֺΪս
һжֳУɫޱȣͷһɱУԼð˽ʦǿߣȻһĽʦѹŴ򣬼ֱǳ裬ɱҪܡ
ȻеķӡҪ󣬿ƾס
ʹǰ˽ʦǿߣҲǱݺѹơ
ɶ񣡡ֳŭգ˵һսһΪࡢһս
֮ȴճޱȣԪ룬ӡһһǵĴȥ÷ŷǳֱֳûƢ
ԣǱȱҵģ
ֳٴαӡ˳ȥȻûˣԪȴԴԴϵģʱһƷǵɣʩչԼĵơ
ٿȻֳϵϢǣͬ紵棬ԽԽһ㡣
ħ
ֳһ˫緬ӡһĵֻܵͬҽһ͵һȻǣڽƬֻ̹Ѿߴʮףͷ죬̤ãأڣԨƺзСֱһħ
СӣҿôҶ
ֳЦԵƥڴſٲһϿճ򳽻ԡ
ͬʱƶΡɽֻ裬ϯ
վ·紵ͬһŹľһ㣬ľ֧
ȣ
һӭѶϣֳŷӡֳ齣ЯԪȥ
¡¡
ӾһڳԵϣͬī֮춯һ㣬ԵȴǲֱֺӴӡͬʱһ죬齣׽⣬ķ
˺ƴƣڳɫ䣬ѾԳԹĿ࿴ˣû뵽ǵ͹˳Եʵ˿̵ֱ̬ͬ齵ƥС
ī£紵䣬µĻϢҿֺ
ȻԺֳ˿̵սѾǳ˿Բֵġ
ڶ
¡
һֻ԰
ɣ㲻ҵĶֳ֡оǰδеճбſͷ˳
룡ĵ治
δ䣬ֻƬӳȼգͬһ
󣬲౾Դӿ⣬ӳϡ


716 һ
һƴ󣬾γصܴӳɢ
Ȼκֳͬһ㣬ǹȴͬһԵ˸С
ʲôֳɫһ䣬û뵽ԾȻҲѧҿӣƷײ͡
ʵϣԶ֪治һƷȼѧ
䣡
Ծͬ񣬷ӡͬһ㵹۶齣ͬһ£ֳħҲǷͬСɣħ˴սڶնըˡ
ħһڳ϶ܽţǰһ̣ǶΪֳܳԣֻҪһеĹ򣬵Ѿʼֳܷܳˡ
ϼͿϵҲǽţȻýԶܹоǳ𺳣ֳһӰֱһħĳ˰ˡ
Ժֳȴս൱ȻֳʩչϹͨħȻκβóԣֻûôǱˡ
ֳǴ򲻰ҵġսⰺȻƳƷ罣ȣĿƵĿֳ
ߣѵκε𣿡ֳһȻûбѹŴˣû뵽ʩչħԼȻ޷κγԣˣᣬҲţһĽʦܹһ˽ʦǿսƽ
ҪҳԲ㡣
Կɲ䣬Ԫĵӿ⣬ӡͬǳʯһ£齣˺أ纣󣬰ҫòԡ
ߣѵҾͻ𣿡ֳһһȻ˵
ǾսɣԴһ̤ڿϣЯ桢࣬Ĵǵصɱֳ
˭˭ֳȵ
ٴսһţ֮ͺɽײһ㡣
Ԫ
Դεֳ
Ҳ˺ңֳһм˵˵⻰Ȩ޴ħƶһƺ£նʱһƿһһ㣬һ죬вȻһһ
飡
ܿ쳽Ծͷӡ۶£齣ʱֳ
ɶ񣡡ֳһŭͬԨħ
η壬ȫҫ޿ɵֵ
һ˽״̬
ҲˣǳԻֳþԼֶΣκβöԷ
Ҳǵһβ޷˼ԷͷǶþ֮Ҳ޷˺ϾԷǰ˽ʦԵľ߽ʦѣףֳޱȣöԸ
ƣֳиƣֱѪ
̫գУϦߡ
תۣԾȻֳս˰죬Ȼ˭κβ˭
ǳԣֳԪĵüأҪˣǳԽ־ᶨѾˣֳΪȳԸߵ̫࣬Ҳֵڣһۣ˶עŶԷ
ڣԺֳ֪Լκβ˱˴ˡ
ô
ħһڳ϶޷ܣû뵽ֳʩչħҲ򲻰ܳԣ޷ڡػںͽŶܸ˳ԣ澡ʧħŻõģҲͺࡣ
޷ڵȻ鲻ˬ޲ǰֳܳԡ
Ҳ֪Լ岻֡
ϼͿϵȴǽܣϾԵΪֳһأܹƽ֣ѾǴˡ
ӵţںĳԣ϶ܵŵá
ء
һ춯أױȵıը˾ͬһ㵹˷ݵسΪȥϿյİƱɢһգ޷ǰ龰
ըನƣ糿ڹ֮С
ֻԺֳ˵Ӱ˿ڰ֮ңңű˴ˡ
ֳһĲʣԼͨȻ򲻰ܳԣȻȴ޿κΣȴûзֺ˿ųһ
۳Ҳˣ̬ȻֻԼ֪һΣǴ򲻰ֳˡ
ŶԷҲΪ
ֳ㻹𣿡ʵ
Ҵֳ㡣ֳԲʾ˵˼ȴ¶ɡ
ȻˣǾԼԺٴɡ˵
áֳɿڣҲ˿ҲȥˣȻ۾һת˵ԣ㲻ʮܹ꣬ȡ˳ɾͣڽϵ츳ױȣ׽־ҿһûж˱ȵ㣬ǿ˸񣬶һǵ֮
ϣһζԾʤǡֳ˵գкħһɳϾͻħš
ֳϣǳʲôȻ˵һ̧ͣˡ
ǣƾҲһ͵ĳƺţ
ҿҲǣǼϹͱֳˡ
һħų϶Ϊ˵
ǺǣΪǿ佱ֳЦǺǵʵ
ôֳϣһħųϿֳɻ
޶Ǽᶨ֮ҶѱĿˣΪǣҶһ˭˵ԼǵһֳͣһЦ˵ڸɵĽޣҲֻڱźųǵһֶѣ⳽ԾȻⶫһ͵ĳƺţ˵Щܹܵˣ
ʱͻԸڸɽֵսҿôԣֳһЦ˵
ԭˣֳϹȻıǧڳ϶ʱ򣬲Ļͷ˳һۡ
ˣֻüûôࡣ

ŵӻгȴǴһû뵽ֳƺǶһͣȻ޷ӦӦһ㣬ʱٵӳ϶¶ŭ֮ɫɵԵʵûǰ


717 ķս
⳽ԺѵΪսƽֳΪԼҶһĵһ𣿡
нڵϵҶһ޶¾ף겻ʮ꣬Ѿһ˽ʦΪеţ⳽Ҳһ͵ĳƺţֱûͷһصһҪ¸ϡ
ߣн˲Ҿ޽ڳŷҲǽеߣһ似Ī⣬ŽʦҪСӦԣĶһĵһͣ⳽ԸЬ䡣
ǣ⳽ʲôҲҽ¶һ͵ĳƺţֱǿԴ󡣡
˵ĲҿԺ϶鷳ϣһ͵ĳƺſɲ˭ܹġ
һֲֻ©ԶУտʼûע⣬ŵӶۣɫ
ڳжʮŵĳϺ͵ӣ˳ȥǷͬСɡ
ֳûġԺһһֳһҪΪΪۣڶһ͵ĳƺţûѣ֮˻ΪԼС£ΪޣԾǲһսһǰ
ԣû°ɣ
ϼͿϵ˶Χǰ¶ŭɫ
ֳǻ͸ˣ˶ҪԴ㡣ϼĹĵ˵
˵һټһҪһ١Ƣ𱬣ȭŭ
֣Թž޵һ޵ڶ⽣޺͵ҲˣԷֳʤҳ۳ưԣΨҶֳǶһͣûġ˼һ£˵
ǰԣҪСġϼ¶֮ɫ˵
Ƿģˮڣ٣ҳԶ¡԰˵
Գ츳ʱգ˵ⶫݵһͣǳΪҲǲܵ顣صҲ˷ܣ˵Ҫ֪ҶݽһƺţѾϰû˸ҽˡ
Աǽᶨ֮ˣصôһ˵ҲûʲôǫȻЦ
ڸɳϵӼ˿ЦĿˣǾŸ߱ڵһǿߣҪúýѵһ³ԡ
󣬳ԵһУ۰գԻڡ
ȻҲܵϼԼ꣬ȴװֻ֪ŷѩһˣѾݲˡ
˵ֳܸڳˡ
ǰɣֳǰ˽ʦǿߣǳԲĽʦѣôܸ
Ǻǣ͹ª˰ɣڳѾʦˣ˵ӵһϹԴ˴ֳ
Ϲ찡⳽Եʲôͷ
ڶ̶̵ʱԴֳϢʹ˶ĵʮţһƬȻ

ڴϣϢ񣬾ﵽֹˮ״̬
ֳһսѾԸо˾ɶԳʦˡ
ۻԪڵڹĵʱͬһ죬תַͬˮһͬһɽˮʡ
һз·ʵڣȫĽҵ״̬
桢ࡢ磬ڳڴ󣬾ͬɺܡ
¡
ﵽһʱԻȫԪʼһεĸĤ
зХлڳ£ʱʱ׹˸糯ϼӳձգһֲڴϢ
ˣ
ʱԾͬඥһɺƴ̲ϴ
ʦ
ڣʦ磬ʵǿֹ
ֳɵĴ
ͻֻһѣԻҪѧ
桢綼гɣΨСɣ֮һĪ⣬ɴȵܣϻúͷ޷ϤԶڲǼӵġ
ͻƣԲǳϦ飬Ĵ
ԼҲ֪ʱܹﵽСɡ
ңƿصĲǱԴҪϲֹһΣϾҪƿرԴǼѵһ顣
˵һ˿ͬʱƿضܹͨԴģȴǼ١
ܹõ౾Դʵǲӡ
ĸо硢ϣܹͲ⣬Ҳǲԭ򣬳Բӵ˿ֲĻֳָ֮սǵ˲ɡ
ֻǣҪڶʱڽһҲס
ԣԽ˼λñ䡢治Դϣǻ治ȻֻʩչΣǿȻֳܹϹͨħ⣬ȥ˵ǳԴѧû˻Űɡ
ԴԶϰУȡһϾЩֶΡ
Ȼⶼǵ츳
Ҫǣվϻúͷ˼ϡ
飬ȴͬӵоŽ۷ʦʵΪ䣬ҲһָǶǰΪ·ָͬҹеһյƣóһǰ
˿̣ڳԵİ£ϻѾӵ߽ʦΪҲһָӵʦΪ
ʱúܿ죬ת۾ʱȥ
ڼ䳽Իȥọ́ΪȻûнһѾ߳һأʮָˣ޳̿Լ̳²Ϊʦ
ʮָˣʦǿܹʦܱȼĴڡ
˵ʦȻʵϲʦܣȴܹ󷨶һ󷨾Ϳס֣ɱԷ
ңʦãΪŲ󷨣ػţľްԴڣ͸Ҫʦ


718 Ҫ
֪һеĳԣҲó̼Ǳ󷨡
Ϊ󷨳ɵҲǲڣϻþһϹ飬Ĵܣһʦڡ
ʱ䣬Ҳƽ
̹Ȼܶһ͵ϢȴϢĴ˳ȥ˺䶯
нڣ
ȤһĽʦߣҲҳҶһ͵ĳƺţѾкܶˡշϣһһϮѩ꣬һɫԶǹƣЦ˵ҵҪкʸ񣿡
˵ǣǳԼֱǿû߶ˣһҪúõĽѵһ١
ҿΪԼֳΪԼһĵһˣϹ֮ˡ
˵ǣҲֻĽӣſƥƺţӵϹ
нڳϹά𾴡
ΪΪһ󶥼⽣֮һˣһǾ޽ڵŷ磬һڵ
˶Ƕʮ˾꣬һǽеǿߡ
һ⣬˶ӵдܾŽʦǿߵʵ
˵ʵǲ֮䣬£˭Ҳκβ˭Ҳû˵ҳ¶һͳƺŵԭ
ֳֻһ˽ʦе׵ûʲôֵó޵ģֻû뵽ǣȻϹɫһ˿أҲûȻԵ
һҲӵȱҿֲֻϡһ˵
༸ϼæͷ
ˣȻǳҾȥ˰֣ޱ˵ȥɡ
ǡϹȥ
ɡ˵
û뵽ѾˣһչСʱһֿĴЦֻһǿ׳ն䵽档
ôнڣȻʵ
ȻΪǳԣһҳ¶һ͵ĳƺţҿ·˿ԼԳԵĲм˵
һԣҲҿǿǼϹ˰ɡ˵
ѵûпϣЦ㿴ϵĻͱ¡
ߣú⣬ϹУһ͵ĳƺҲˣһãѵΪһͬ𣿡Ц˵
Ҷʵ£ңûô򵥡Ц
㣿ֻܳԾͿˡҡҡͷ˵
ãǾͿ˭ȴһϣܿͲӰ
ߣҲãͳλᣬ˭Ķһ͡һ˵գͬһȥ
޽ڣ
һ¥һ絶˫ü޵һһŷĿ˵˶ҳƺţһĽʦҵ£Ŀˡ
˵ļǣǳԼֱ·ҳƺţǵ졣
֣ڵĺҰڵ˶ϵģҲпǱɱģҳƺţǾ޽һҪúýѵҪֻǺô
ǧѷĺûᣬֻҪִǳԣԻҶһ͵ĳƺţ˵ԵõǼϹ
޽ڳ϶һɫŷȴ𾴡
ߣֻ˶סˡŷ˵⳽ԼȻҾҪڡ
̶ʱ䣬ڸɶ֪˳Գ¶һ͵飬𾪣ֱԳԿ
ڸͬˣ۳֮¸ͬһ㳤
˵ֳʦֶһ͵ĳƺţʦ־Ȼˡ
ʲôܰɣʦֵʵȻǿ󣬵ôҲܵһ͵ĳƺŰɣ
ϢѾķзˣһЩ϶ˡ
ɣôᾪϣ
ˣڵֳϣ겻ʮ꣬˽ʦΪڹϵһͣĽЩһ϶в磬Ѿ֪Ϣ⳽ʦֿԴһʵմմϲ
ֳʲˣϾҲһޡ
ǰҿԴ´ˣֳ϶ˣŵЩޣŷˣ꣬Ҳûеõƺţû뵽ȻԺˣҲĿõƺš
һγˡ
ڣʱ޿̶ڹڳԵۣһΪһγçײˡ
Ȼ˵ָƽӣԭΪԻܸɽӵˣû뵽ԾȻȫܣʵһ̾ѱû뵽ԾȻ˴ֱǻòͷˡ
ҿγСζɹָЦ
˵ǣһΣСˡƽ˵
̿ɻɻ⳽С̫ſԴˣò˶ãŵĽǿ߾Ҫһ͵ĳƺšָһñ飬˵ǰûиҳ£ˣƻˣҴһġ
˵ǣǾ͵ſСĺϷɡƽЦ
ųڵ飬ôźáһ̾˵ֳȻûаʲôģ֪Ͳýƺˡ
һƺţ𣿡ʩü˵
ɲһƺô򵥣ǧΨ⽣͵Էֳһģ˭֮ͦа̾
ԣصʮ˶̾


719 ҿǲ
ԣȳȥһܰɣʵǿٻ̲ס˵ҿЩǲװ׵õƺŵģһ
˵Ĳ㻹ǳȥһݱܷâ˳һۣ˵żλ˵ŵֶԴ¹ڻ˵ñ˳֣ˡ
͹˿Ȼǽڣ˼򳽻ԵģȻϣԳ¡
ϣسϣǷģѾͻʦǾˣҲ塣̸Ц˵
ʲôģ¶˾ϲʵ
ҲһŵĿųԣúЦǵͷ˵Ȼ
̫ˡ˶ܾϲǶ֪ԵʵĽʦֳܹƽ֣ͻʦǰ˽ʦ϶ͲĶ֡
㵱治壿
ʱһ޸˽
˭˶һ
ǳȥ˭лһΪ۸ˣɫȴƽ˵
Ժ⣬ϣ϶зĽϢڣһǿңӽʮ꣬һͷɫһϮۣһ֮
ֳϣ߳;
ͿϵҲǲҴΪųϣλҪ˸̫ࡣ
һ˵ͻʦͿԳΪϡ
ڵĳųϺų֣֮ų׺ʦΣţȴ߽ϵĸ߽ʦǿߵγϣΪǵλȽϸߣο͹ֻŹҸϳƺ޳ʵȨ
ԣ͹ֱǱӣ򳽻ԣʵǳԣ
ʲôʵ
ʲôңָԣŭҿǲ
һ߽ʦҲǰᣬҿǲˡһǰͷĳҵ̣̹
㡭ۡЩѪһ࣬ҪǰͻȻоһӿȵԼûͬϵĹֱۣҡҡλΣһѪ
ʲô
ɫ䣬ĿɿڴųϣȻֻ߽ʦΪû뵽ƾƣԾˡ
ˣ˾͸ӳԾˣֱǲԼ۾㳽սƽֳʵҲֻƾƾѹɣ
ͻˣӳһۣ˵
ȴ
õǹųϣϸǰ˽ʦǿߣͻʦҲûʸǹ
ųҲ˺ֱĿˣɥĲ񡣡
Ҫ
˴ŭ˸ɱ⡣
ߣԣ˺ųϣֱĿ޷ͣ͸һˡһץ򳽻ԡ
֣δҵ壬ѾΥŹ棬ڻҪץңҿǵ죬ɥĲ񡣡һɫ˵
㡭ٷϻߡִŭ
ƾ𣿡ɫ˵㻹ûʸ񣬸ҹ
ããܺãҾҪ㿴ûʸ񡣡ѾʧȥģɭȻ֮ɫ򳽻ԡ
֣㲻ҸҶ֣ңõһ͵ĳƺҸᣬб¾͸һЦм𣬷ɳ뿪壬һһƬտ֮ء
ãҵģ͹ֲˡֺ˵
ৣ
գ˳Զ档
ԣˣҺԣû˾ȵ㡣
һʦҲԾݳƺţֱҹԴ󡣡
֪ӣϽѵѵȥڵ档
ڲԶ䳰ȷһмĿųԡ
ǵҲѵһԵĿͬһ䵽ϣ˵ëȻǰľ˶նɱĴڣȥֱ
ԣΪ㻹Ŷãֺ˵ڣĿڹ棬ĿˣҾҪ֪ô
ĿˣȻУͲǣԲм˵
㣬Сӣ֪Լٺͳ˵ȥ˼ˣٶԣֱӴһȭһֽɫȭͬڵһ򳽻ԡ
ƾ㱾ҲңóĽɡһƺǹţޱ˵
ִһͬһ裬ƽԡ
ʱѾг֪ҳ鷳˳ڲԶս
⳽ԹȻֶ˵⻰
ʵϾܹĽʦΪսƽ˼ʦֳɲһܹġ
ǰ˵Ĳܹ֮ΪҶݵһǱϴʡ
һۣȻóԿȴϿʵ
ȭɽӣ
ʱֻѾƽԣȫһԣͬսһ㣬һȭƴڣһɽ򳽻ԡ
ն
ɫ䣬ͬǷɽض˺ѳ룬ǽԹڽɢǽɫȭͷϣһ죬䣬ҫ
ʱ־͸оԼȭбƣһû뵽Եʵǿ
ǣ֮ġ

һһӣһƥĽɨɣβ棬Х˵ն򳽻ԡ
齣ͬ齣ֱն£â£ͬɽһ㣬һ죬ǽͷΪ룬һǰĳȥ
ÿĽֳһϾǰ˽ʦʵֳʤһʵսḻ쳣ܵĻһһ֮˳ȥ´˳һۣ˵ԣҳԼСˣΪҾ㱾Ǿʹشˡ
ߣʲôֶξʩչɣС˵
ãҿܹʱֺ˵


720 ų
Χ۳ҲǾ̾ڳԵĿӾ̾ʵȻûۿնɱľˣսƽֳղźּ֣ȴǿһֱѹƣ޷ʩչȫ
Сһȴǿˡһϣһ̨ͤǺӡϺͶϺȻڴˣĿ·Ѿԣ˵
д츳ʵһӦõġϲΪȻ˵Ҷݵһһ̶ˮҪ˴ƣõѡ
֮ҶݳòѾԶԶݣݾ͸˵ˡǺ̾
ֻеˣϣЩϼһﲻҪ˵
ǴкɣǱ֮ǰκһﶼ֣ܳԡһ˿ɫ˵ǺӣҪ졣
Ϸģ֪ôǺӵͷ˵
һɣǶСһ˽ɲࡣ˵
ԣǺӺͶ϶׵ͷԶĳԺֶˣ·ǿԿǶ˵ıԡ
һٳ
ҫâ¶Х⾧Ө͸һԶԶȥ˶һʵʱݵһųĽХųԵͷȥ
һѸ磬оγ֮
ݣ
϶ն£޼᲻ݣض룬ǿſ羪κһ㣬ԵҲ¶ޱߵĽ˷ȥһȻˡ
磡
ԵΪͻʦʵ趯ɱУͿԻһ
ķХأȻնһϣһһͱ⣬֮ն֡
޵У
ִ󺧣ȴǻʵİ˽ʦǿߣ˫սճȥԪڵȣ纣һ죬նһһֻһԪ۶Ľųѹ͡
¡¡
ɽΡ׳ۣƶޱȣض·ڡ
أ
תۼ䣬ײ˽ϣһ죬ɢ
ԣҿôִֵһ߹ɵڵԪ˫ű羪һ£ʱһ紺һðΡ룬ױȣųѹȥɽѣܡ
𽣹⣡
һƾâʩչһɱС

һ£޾ⱬӿͬϦѤõ̻𣬵ÿһԶ̺µĶɴʯ޾УһƬ仯һƬâһڶ
ʲô
ǿſֻѣһ䵽ϣȻһѪۣǴƬ̲ʧأѪڲݣƺһһѪ
ҲˡԵĵ

һѾþ˵ֻ𾪶֣˭Ҳû뵽ǿ֣һ;Ȼôڳ·磬һˡ
һڳϾ͸ǾҪֵ֪սֱƾŽʦȴǳԵ֮УǳԵʵֱǲ
ǺӡϺͶ϶¶ݣȻҲûϵֻܵô졣
һû䣡
һʣһޱԪĵϣϿյƲʶɢˡ
͵֣
һǧɽʯϢȥԳΪģһԪɵķͳ֣·һ㣬ƶγһǿļѹˡ
أ
һըУ޾Ͳһ𣬳򳽻ԡ
ڤ粻顣ԼһȣȫŹʣ䣬Ůɢһ㣬ȴ̺޼᲻ݵܣһ˸Ѷ糤ߣ֮ơ
ٷţ
齣һն׹ҫâ£죬Ȫ
¡
һ춯ص쳹أǷֽɵһ飬Ϊޣǿ˺ͷХžʵɢȥɸߣ־ͬСһ㣬ݺݵƷɳȥѪ
أ
ֻ߷һ㵹ڵϣɶֹһѪֽ
˻
ֻʣ˻˾Ŀɿڴǿ־Ȼͳװ˳ϣһĶ֡
ֻһ࣬͸©Ĳʣ򳽻ԣȷһĨ
֣̫ˡԵ˵
㣬ۡһɫ࣬ŭգһѪ
ʲôҪսһ̣η壬أֱֳһ
⡭
ʱ˲Ÿ֣ܵĿɿڴ˼顣
ְˡ˵
̫ˡ˵
ų̫ˣڿҲֻоŽʦǿ߲Ķ֡˷˵
ϺصҲһܣ֪˵ʲô
һǿˣҪǿĶࡣϸ̾˵
˵
ʦѾгΪųϵʸ񣬶ؾҲΪ򿪣ѡȡһѧͨǺӵͷ˵
졣ϵ
߰ɡԿˣǰ˵
ܿ죬˾ͻص塣
ʦ֣ǰϻᡣʱһ洫ǰ˵
ϻ᣿һ㶡
ȴǺǺһЦ˵Ѿʦǿߣڹ潫ΪųϣԻýؾ󶥲һλᡣ


721 ؾ
ؾ󶥲㣿ڳɲΪϣûжȤڵĲؾȴ²
˵ţһ㶼ƷϽףƷѧд˵еϹͨѧҪõȴҪԵ
ҲգҾȥһˡԵͷ˵·
ǡ洫ӲҵæĴ쳽ϻᡣ
ǺӡϺͶ϶һЩҪ³ϣԽ¶ɫ
ݼ԰ݵ
񡣡Ǻӻ˵ԣǰûб飬ֻѾʦΪڹ棬ųϣ֪Ը⣿
Ը⡣˵
ܺãԭʵѾ⣬Ҫڹв顣Ǻ˵ڳϺϲ鿴ǷʦΪ
£߳
ԣַԲϡڳóһԲ̣˵
Եͷַ档
ǰһһӡԲ̶ʱɫâ
ˡڳ϶Գ˵Բ̣Ǻ˵ȷʵѾʦΪ
Ǻãӽ𳽻Աųϣųϴɽؾ󶥲ѡȡѧһסǺһɵ˵ڳϣϣΪ԰ųӡš
ǡϺڳǰйâһ̳֣ʢڳǰ˵ԣ£
ǡԹ
һһųӡš
ӴˣԾųϡ
Ϊͻ߽ʦͿԳΪųϣܸߵĴ
ϲԳϡ
ԳϿСĳϰǰ;
ǰԳѾΪʵǳΪʦҲ޿ܰ
һڳ϶ʮ飬ЩųҲҲٴɫԭܼ򵥣ȻֻųϣΪҲֻʦȴܹܰ˽ʦĴڣǳΪ̫ϳҲ˵
ڹ棬ʦԳΪųϣ߽ʦΪųϣΪʦܣͿԳΪ̫ϳϡ
ڣ˭Ҳ֪ж̫ϳϡ
ϣʦܣҲϺͶϣǺλȴ֪Щʦܣ̫ϳ϶ںɽرչأһ£ǲֵģֻûһεڵŻ֡
ֶָȻ飬ȴûǰϲվһԣбжˡ
ˣԣǰؾ󡣡Ǻ˵
ǡ԰ݵ
ɫͰ򳽻ԣ֮ɫ
ܿ죬˲ؾ
һ㣬׳ۣһִȻơ
Ըڶ˶㣬㡣
ѧ伮٣ǶѧƷѧ
𳽻עģЩƷѧЩʽϵѧֶϹ֣ȻЩѧϹѧ
һΰһ㼫ǿı
ϣЩɶϹѧʵ
ȡֻһ취ǾǴĹΣȻϷ֪ϹѧĵȼεıԽǿѧҲԽãѡ񡣡˵
Եͷʼ鿴ЩϹѧ
ţħɽ
Ѫɱָ
Ѫָ
Ѫޣ
գ۹򣬳Ծͼ˲ʮϹѧ
ǽޣѡȡѧȻ뽣йصѧͨ
񽣣
Ե䵽׽ϣֻ֣ݣεıȴǼǿȻ⾵񽣵ĵȼ͡
ңԸо׽ԣоЩ졣
ˡ
˾ҲɣһץصһȻˡ
ˣйһһǲξֽͬɵһ㣬Եƴ͸ȡ׽
ǣռ佣Լ򵥵һʱ
ѧѾˣȻѡȥɡǰ˵ǿռԵĽҪ
ѡˡԳ˵
֪ռѧʮΪҶ߿ռҪ󼫸ߣ˵磬ܹռǷëǣΪһʱΪ𣬿ռΪ
ǻ˽ؾ󣬾ѡƷϽѧ
ȴһΪⲻǡΪռý飬Դ˴ﵽĵز
ͺñ˵һҩҪҩһ㣬ǳռõҩ
ϼ˫΢У۾һ˿졣
Կó񽣣Բѡѧ֪ţҪ֪ȻҲ޷ƿؿռ
Ҳûжʡ
뿪ؾ󣬳Իص塣
ųϣӼе֮񣬾ӵ˶ˣűɫһ󳩿졣
ָƽȻҲǷŭޱȣָû뵽Ŷ̶̰⾰ԾѾƽƽˣƽе֮͸Դ˵
ɶ񡣡ƽһȭӴķѣٶŤ񶾵˵ף⳽ԳΪųϣ͸ӲˣǺãһ̣ľ³ˡ
ٺ٣ģΪԻкӹ𣿡ָٺЦ˵ȻΣŷЩҲһ
ף˼˵ǻսԣƽһ𾪵˵ʲôݣȻųϣҲᱻ˿ɣҪ֪˿ǲ󽣿ͣ󣬵λߣὫһԷ
ǺǣزӳԣΪ֪֪һһ͵ĳƺšָһָƵ˵͵ŰɣֱԴܵϢȥ󣬺ܿ˾ͻס


722 󽣿
ǾԺܵˡƽţ˳֣Ծ·һ
ָ˵
ףǳӵϹϢģƽûмԴֳ龰Щɻ
Ӧġָͷ˵Ҳǵģưɡ
šƽͷһƬɭȻ
壡
ų̫ˣû뵽ֶĶ֡һݵĿų˵
ǰǰ˽ʦǿߣܹӵһսŽʦʵصи˵
ֵĽѾﵽһߵľ磬ֲǶҲʮ˵
̫ˣǿųˣڳЩ˻ôš˷ܵ˵
͹Ҳɵͷ֮ɫ
ౡ
ֻЦЦȻһʱӶ̾ͼһֻɫͣ档
ৣ
ֻһ֣ɫУҽȡһֽ
ԣʲô˳ֽɻʵ
ս顣˫Ŀ˸â˵һʯˡ
ʲôʱ
ϣʯʲôˣϼ˼æʵ
ҲҲˣʯ֪ȻӣǴ˿²ͨˡ
ɣһõһϹŽףΪһޣǹĪ⣬죬һȻŷˣȴûһʯĶ֡ص˵ţŽʦǿҲܹ
˻
ԣ˶һ֮ɫ
֣ʯȻͲսصü˵
ϵҲͷϾʯʵֲ̫ˣŽʦԴܣֱǾ͡
ڵĽѾһ۷徳磬ʱڸ޷ͻƣҪͻƣΨʵսҲأʯǲˡԺǺһЦ˵ģȻҲ֪ʵԱʵһеġ
˶٣˵ңһޣһǰ;ηηβǳɲģʯҲˡ
ǡϵ˻Ȱ裬ȴֹ˵˵Ĳǽޣߣһ֮ģκѣοֻһսѣǲ̫ġ
ԣϵ˶˼ĵͷҲ֪һޣӦսȥ˵Ժʯ
ԣԼʲôʱ䣿˵
󣬵ص̨ɽ˵
Ǻã׼һ£ǰȥӦսɡ˵
֣һҪӮȭ˵
Ǻǣҵһ޵ſɲһ׵顣ЦǺǵ˵
ͬʱʯԼս̨ɽ鴫˶򣬼ÿһŶ֪ˡ
ʱһƬȻвǰ̨ɽ
һΣȴȫֳ֧ԣмǰóһҪʯɶڵϾڵĳԿڵųϣһһжڣˣݵһžͳΪŵЦˡ
ָƽӶǸޱȣ޲óԱʯɱ
̨ɽڲԶֻǧ֮ң
󣬳Ժǰ̨ɽ
̨ɽǧɣһɽ죬ʯ̫ҫ£ʰ쵣һɫʡ
һ죬гǧ
̨ϣߵһɽ嶥һ꣬һͷ׷˫üޣǣż¶Ŀ⣬ͬһֻһ򵥵񣬾˸оһķУ꣬˶ֻԶ
Ϊʯ
ŷµĵһ͡
û뵽ʯսԣҲʶһ͵λð
ǿɲǣôû˸ʶһͣһֱ˲УھȻðһԣ˵ĸ𣿿ʯҲһޣȻҪһˡ
ҿ䶨ˣûϹĻʯһֵˡ
Ҳôʦܹʯ棿
ǲ֪˿̵ĳѾ˵һ֡
ԣǾ޽ʶľͰϹг˭ҲȲ㡣һݣһԶ鿴ų˵
Ǿ޽ڽŷ񣿡ʵ
Ҳһ𾪡
֪ҵǾ͸ˣҪҷϻԣϹȱﲻյġһ˵
ʲôϣ˸Ǿ¶ɫ
Ȼû뵽ȴɫ糣˵㲻Ļ̹
Ȼŭ羮һ㣬һɫƣˮɢĹ⻪ͬϵһ㣬ųԣһһνһ򳽻ԵĲҪȥԴ
ֻһҪԵɢıɱ˾ˡ
ҿ
ͬڵһȥⱬӿγһ޴Ľţ¡齣жضʱһĹԣͬٵصĵһâһ㣬ǻνӰһ顣
ʱͫһĺ
ۣ
һâĴ䴩һѪߣ˾ͨһֻڵ˵ϣȵѪһء
ķһƬƽ۾ɵϴ󣬼ֱΪԼۻˣһ˽ʦǿ߾ȻǳԵһ֮С
߰ɡĴ䣬˵
ǡ͹һͷɫ侹¶֮ɫ


723 սʯ
һ̣ǲʶĿֲ
ϣǲˡԼ˲ɿЦ
Ϸǵһμ˿ֲֶΣǰ˽ʦǿ߰̾˵
ǰҲͷ˵ʱԻֻһ߶ѣѾɳΪҪӵĴˣǿΪȻǳԵǰҲǲη
֣ίʵ̫ˣǲòη֮ġϿЦ
˽ʦǿߣһɱˣԸǻգ۹顣һ𺧵˵
Ϻʮ˶ǵͷȻϿĻ
ˣǲõ˰ɣЦ
ԣһγһԴʲôʯΪʵһͣЩô˵Եͷһ˷ܵ˵
ϵ
ҲҲ¶ϲɫתص˵
ɣҳη塣Ժɵ˵
̨ɽ
ˡȻ˴󺰵
ԣѭȥȻֻԺ˳̨ɽ¡
ԣһս
ȻһǿĽϢӷ嶥к£ͬһεĻη֮ġ
ʯ
ϣǾ档Ե˵
ȥɡ
ԵͷһӰ

ֻӰֱϣգ۾䵽ʯһ嶥ϣƮ裬һͷڷǿĽϢɢܵƲʶɢˡ
ԣˡʯʯһ㣬ɶƺ̨ɽ˵ҾҪ㣬ΪҶһ͡
˵ϻսɣһƽ˵

˵ûΣһƬȻû뵽ţʯҲĲ
ߣҿܹʱҾҪֳ֪ܹʲô֮ھͿԽʯһΪԸ˵㣬ֻҪʮС
ǺǣòʯԽԽԴˡʱһƮƮֻŷһ³˲ԶһɽϣϢȥܱ䣬˶
Ҳˣʯɫ΢䣬Ŀһɨֻŷ֮⣬Ҳ˲ԶĶɽϣվֻǲͬǶĻǷâ¶
˻
̨ɽһ󵹳
ˣкϷˡ
ǰǿɶһľޣһսĻǾ֮Ҳһˡ
һ޿¾Ǵв
ҿԵĿСһ޻Ҫв
ҲôϾ⳽ԵΪ̫ˣ˸ûпɱԣȻʵȰ˽ʦһǱŽʦǿߵĴڣ
ڴǵĶԾ
˶˷ܣĿתĿˣڳԣѾˣǿɲţһʦܹ档
𳽻ԣңûκλᣬԶɡʯ⣬Ц˵
㡣ޱ˵Ҳս𣿡
һ˲䣬ŷ˵Ŀ䵽˳ϣͬʱ˵
ãҾȴʯٺһһս˵
Ը
治֪ţҲܾкâһ˵
ܾûмˣϣ㲻Ҫʧŷ˪˵
һһľţ񳽻ʱ򣬾Ѿһ̳ˣû뵽ȻӣǶŭ
ৣ
ֻʯһһΣһ𣬾ͬһһ㣬ˣʯһץǺͱУһӲӵı
˽ʯĳ
Уͬһɫ֮ɨķ﷢
ն
ʯĿ罣һﶼΣ䵽ϣʵһ㣬ն£ͼһ޼᲻ݵĽɫն򳽻ԣԶ۾ͬһɫĻϴ£γһƬɫ⺣ҫķ
һɱ¶ﶼɱ֮
ʯǶԳɱġ
һɫɽҪն롣
˼һۣ˴еľ죬û뵽ʯһ־ǾС
Ե˵
ֻѣһ㣬齣ͳУһӣƥһ˦ɿռ䣬ƥὭ
أ
һնǽɫϣʱը
һǽУ顣
ԼʯûֵӣҪȡԼȻҲֱ֣ʩչС
˼ˣͫ΢ڳͣһ¡
ʯȴǷŭޱȣҰһĿ⿴򳽻ԣ˵䣬н貵Ĺԣ̻Իͣɨͬһɫһ㣬ӿȵųԳȥ
ȣ
һԪĵ罭һʶϢķĽԪһһնضһں˽־ףʯɫһ䡣
һ̣֪ԲԼô
·սһԾѵ
ǳʵǿ
Ȼʯսò£ѹֿԴֳ
ֻǸտʼѣʯûóʵ⳽ⶼֵסҲǷһˡ
⵹Ҳǡ


724 ʲôֵ
һ⻰˶ɵͷڲŸտʼ۳ԵʵʯȷʵΪʱ硣
ҲһţɽϹ

ʯŭһ񱩵Ԫٲһк£ΪģƬˣֻ˫սһ㼤򳽻ԡ

һ仰ԷΪУͷ·һһ㣬Ʈʯǿֲ˸޷ֹֺ
飡
һ죬ԺʯսһԪĵɨҫֻԺʯ˶һ޴֣һⵯһȥʱһƬ졣
ϰٵ󣬳Ժʯ˵Ӱڵķ˿
ֻʯž죬ڷŭ裬䣬ܶǽ£ʣճһƬɫ紵һƬɫͬһƬɫһ
עųԣɫѿ˼㡣
˵ˣϢƽȣһƽ˵
ʯоζըˣһͬһϹŭһ㣬ͨҫսнһӣžһһɫն򳽻ԡ
Ȼδ㣬ͬâҫһ㣬齣ƿն纣ƿգǽɫм£һ֮һǰĳʯ

ʯߵ˼㣬ԪЮ壬콣ƣ󺣡
ն
һֻƬʯڱӨ͸ɫһ㣬Ҳһԣ϶һն̺ˮ֮һ򳽻ԡ
¡¡
ˮĵһ·ǽһӳ֮䣬򳽻ԣܡ
磡
룬罣ֳ齣һ̤ǰԳ֮ˮη壬Ȼ齣趯ֿܳ絹ľֱһ㡣
ȥ̺и֮һƬǽ壬ƬݿĻ
¡
һ¡һ㣬ɫͱһţĥ𣬲ʯХȥ
գۼ䣬ضǿĺХ

һХɨأ·ﲻڣֻʣһˡ
ǵʮСԵͷȵ
ɶҪ񣬿Ҵ㡣ʯһ࣬ɱѽһӣХһ買ǳĽɫΣʵʣ˵Ϣ˻һ·ء
ն
һ£ʯ˽ʵһĽȥɣǵһǧ׿ռ䣬ݺݵն򳽻ԡ
ʯ¶Ц˵һǽԽ۷һǾŽʦǿ߶ҪСӦƾԣʲôֵ
һ£˶¶֮ɫȻʯһѾǾв˵սŽʦǿߡ
ʯ⻰Ǵ󺧣ӽˣ꼰ء
˶һţ¶֮ɫȻѾһɱ˽ʦ龰˿̻ǲɵġ
㿴ˡȵ
ƲˡʯЦ
˿򳽻ԣ֪Ҫεֵһ
Уֻ԰׶ڱأ˫һǹĵԪۣ罭ӿһֽɫԺȻ𣬾ͬҫµһ
𽣹⣡
һʣɼĽǾһһֿµٶȼȥͬȳһ㣬ﶼ
ͣ
ʯŵĿУն𣬲߽⣬һɶµĽһٶûԼ
ʲôʯɫ䣬һоȻƽˣһƽ˸ɴ䣬ǽеǿߣɫֻ΢һ˿仯ı佣Уδһ˳ȥ
һһǵɢȥ
˿̣ɫ֮ɫΪǸо˳һǵв
ͬʱţһʦȻӵǿ
˾͸ˣ֪Ļȫųһʵǿİ˽ʦǿߣһʦ
ʦôôǿ󣿡
ɣʯûκ
ʯŽʦǿ߶һսǿߣԳԣӦǼоʹŶԣȴһòʵɣ
۷׷ףš
ֹȻǿʯκβص㼤˵
ǰǰԻֻһ߰һп˵
ҾţһԴʯЦ
͹춼¶һĨ΢Ц
ʯʵ𣿿ҲˡɫȻĿעʯ˵ֻһʵ͸ϽɣҪﶪۡ
˵ʲôʯĿʵû뵽Ȼ˵ԼˣǶֱۣǱɱҪܣ񶾣¶ϸһĹâ
Ҫɱ㡣
һʯͳ򳽻ԣγǿĳռһΪ˵ĹԣͬԵһ¡

һ¡¡УޱߵˮһգʯܣһתһƬҫ۵ţĿˡ
ˡ
һƴֻʯܷȥٶѸپɢ˰ɷԲĲľԴݿƻ飬γһƬ޴ɫ磬к֮ͬʵĺ硣
ת
ʯɽӣΡɽبѴ棬Ŀԣףɫͬʱ֮һת


725 ǿ
أ
ʱһƬһ޿ɵֵųûȥһһ
ʯǷЦһΣҿôֵ
ͣ
ֻóܿռͬһ㷢죬ΪһƬյشһһˡ
˶¶֮ɫǶʯԾ֪ɱУԿԺ;ŽʦǿһսɱУɱ˽ʦǿߣû뵽Է·ûܵӰһ㣬վڰУʯ
㱾𣿡ƻֺ꣬һƽ˵ڸҽˡ
ʡ
ʱһƴĽ쳹֮䣬̲һ㴫ȥ
հν
һͺȣȻһѤõĽͬһһ㣬̾ͼһ⼤ȥһţٶȿ쵽˼㡣
ʲôʯɫһ䣬ֵ룬֯һǰ
ͣ
ȻֻǽһĨԣһ죬ֻһĨѪտԵ쳣ۡ
ʲôʯɫޱ䣬ʧʵ
һֵסΪһ̫ˡ
ʵҲˣհνԭٶȺ͹ĽУСɵʱ򣬾Ѿʮ㣬񱻳гɣȻˡ
أǿһһĻҲֵܹԲɡ
ʯˣ
̫ôܣѵԵʵǿɣ
ʵ̫˼ˣһǿˡ
ÿһ˶̾޷󣬳ԾȻʯҪ֪ǽ޵ľͰ
̫ˡһ
šص
ųԵʵʵղǼֻǱɽһǰˡ̾˵
̨ɽϿգϯغ¡ֻʯɫЩ԰ףͷһĨѪȻֵһͷǱУȻֻһ΢ˣʯȻţʵ
ʵʤһˣȻܹΪβ㣿ԵȻ˵
ʲôʯԶʱһֵͷģһޣ˽ʦǿߣû뵽Ѿ˳ϡ
⻰ҲûϵѾܸ˳ԡ
ϾϢͨԴҲֻڲ飬Ϲ涨˵˭ۣȻҲȥ֪
˵ʲôѾܸ
ô˵ġ
찡Ȼ󽣿֮УҲһޣǱʯҲãû뵽Ѿ˳ϡ
һսеÿˡ
˾̾û뵽Ѿһޣǿʼڴܷʯˡ
ߣԣܹʯΣѵܹ𣿡ʯȻһ԰飬𾪣ͷԲʯ磬Ҫȥܳԡ
ڤ粻飬ٷţ
һ˫ɫɫ׻˺Ѷƾճ֣ڳܲƣһ˻һ㣬齣ն£ХЮ硢
¡¡
һ£ɿռڶױͷХ
ˮ
һʯҴ⣬ΪóһԵĽУףûκγɣҲʩչ˽ˮںϵĽУˣˮһнķͼӲˮҺ͡
ּ˵ںһڽ۳ɽˮĹţڵһ
أ
ضһ¡籬ըһ㣬̳ˣ羪κһ㡣
ʱ׺ͽˮǿƥײһԶԶȥͺǽʰ쵵ɽһ㡣
䡪
춯صıը쳹һƬޣͬسһ㣬ƥˣһȦȦʲƣһиԺʯ˶˳ȥ
ֻǳ˰ٲʯȴɲֹ
ⲻܣʯʧųԵʵıԼǿ˵һǽңôһξǾԵʵˡ
˵˵
ɶ񣡡ʯܲˡ
ݣ
ֻԲ˵һ仰羪ƿһ㱬齣һն

ʯۼֿ죬񵲶䣬Ȼоһɾӿ˫ϣֱѹǧ
һ죬ʯȻѹ˳ȥ
оҲͰˣû뵽ԵҲǿǲˣ
ˣǹһ˿΢ЦʯĽȻԻһƣǾϵѹƣʯʣȴʣ־߳ףʯȻ޷⡣
񱩵ʯҴܣƺһһѪ
һ̣ж𾪣򳽻ԵĿ⣬һĨء
̨ɽ£ս֮˶Ѿڣ޷ǿʯȻҲǳԵĶ֡
Ѿˡ˵
ûСʯһ˫Ŀͨ죬˫Ž򳽻ԡ
ಣ
ֻһ˳ȥɿռ䣬ʯǰ
롣ʯһӴ˫۵Ҫɳԡ

ʱһƬڶ齣ͽ䣬ǳһһ
˴ѽѷ֣ƾС
˶óʯѾ·ˡ
˵ͳԱǽǽ־һء
ʹ֮ͨҲȡ
أ
һ죬ʯ˳ȥһѪ


726 ʶ
ৣ
ֻ˫齣ѤõĽ̻һ㱬ըһǰĳʯ
飡
һ󣬶ʱֻʯ׻һ㵹ɳȥ
ۡһѪ򳽻Ե񣬵һγ˼ɵʱ˽⵽˳ԵĿ¡
˶ĬȻעӳԲ
սҲǳĬ𾪣š
ܲңʯһѪֽȫڲһĹԣһǽĽˮԪʹ˳򳽻Էһ
ˮ磡
һƣʯ֮ϹŽнˮ
ȥγһƬҫˮ磬ϼӳˣȴ̺޼᲻ݣ
¡
һ죬ǽˮ統˳ԵϣˮԳͬһڷɽһڳһϽѹռ䶼ڱըɽ嶼ڻҽ
͡
һ֮Ƴԡ
հν
һһһŵûȥ͵һͽˮһѷ򿪣̾ͺ£
ԣǴ򲻿ģɣʯЦ
ֻ趯ˮԵĽ̳ĨɱҪɱ档
ʢ˥ʱ
ԼȫˮɫٿȻͿһɫʣīˮһڽˮȾͬΣһ㣬ǿʢǿȻڹɣʢ˥䡣
ǰﵽ۷壬̾һ˥ȥ
ô£ʯʱɫ䣬ĸоˮһڿ֮Ƶĵȥ
ء
಻ıըڽˮֱֻͬһѲƣһ˺ҧֲǷɸɾͬһǿ׳˵زһһ˥ȥֱ
˲Ϣˮͽ͵㡣
أ
ʯǲ˼ĿУˮ籬ը˿¡һ˳ȥһһڵѪʳ˺۶ʴˡ
ͣ
齣һǰЯʯϣһͱ룬ѪͬѪһ̨ɽϡ

Ȼң˲ûоůһɱϢͷƣ֮ȥ
飡
ڣʯʬɽ£ʬ޴档
һ˶оͷڴᣬһ˵
ˡ
ãһнʦ
ʯˣ
һ仰ͬһ㴫ͷֲ̿
ôܣ
˶޷ţʯȻɱˡ
ֻǱܣҲܣû뵽ɱˣɾȻͬʶһܺɱɲһҪʵͬʵˣʯɱˡ
ĬĬһۣǿ˱˴еļɵ֮ɫǿǣҲǸо˳ԵĿ¡
ʷԵǿĶ֡
̨ɽϿգһڷǺһԽĸо
˭Ŀ⻷ŷһۣ̬Ȼ˵

ʱ˻Ȼû뵽ɱʯҪսˣʵ̫ˡ
Ƕˣ֪ǻս
ǰǾҪսԣˣԵʵܹնɱʯʵʵȻκһҪսʤޱȼѣѱȵ졣
ȴڴսԡ

ŷһֻۣȻ߳һ˲Ѿ˳Զ棬һϽۣһͷһһһƮϢɢнϢ˲С

û뵽һ˳ĺͳһսˡ
ҿһս޷Ԥ⣬Ͼ̫ǿˣ˿Ҳûбʤİա
񳽻ǿǲòԣοսǰ
۷׷ףǿ
һ̣˶ûǰĽţΪǶ֪ǿҲûնɱʯʵ˿ͳһսҲȣսɾˡ
ŷҲˣܳԣôǶ˾Ͳغͳһսˡ
ܴ
˶޷ƶܹܳԡ
һжδ֪
˶ڴһս
Ƕ꽣޵۷һս˵һԾǶ꽣֮еĿһսΪһޣڶѾûг֣Ҫһˡ
һսڴ
ս
ʮ꣬˽ʦǿߣһһˣ֮Ϊ꽣֮еǿߣ֮ͬٴһ㡣
¡
ףս̤գռͬսĺǧڱһ㡣
һУӨӨˮ죬Զ۾ͬˮɣţ춼ҫɫ
һڱĳһƷϽ֮ɣϢδʩչͬһڿҰ֮У̫ա
ŷ˵һ˺ɡ
Ƕ֪ʵԿԴһľŽʦǿߣʵǿҪ֪Žʦǿߺ;Ž׵ʦһҲΪͨޡ޵Уд˵еǿߣսͨͶŽʦǿ֮䡣
ҲоǿҪʯǿһЩǶ󽣿֮һǿߡ
Բ˿и
ৣ


727 ս
齣Ƴգҫǹ財

ԺһνӴˣ齣һ𣬶ʱ֮
ֻһӴĿһ𣬱ֿ
ֻԺ䵽ɽ嶥ϣϢƴϵĽƸͬһռڣķΪһƬա
˹ۿһ۷֮սû˵
ৣ
ৣ
Ŀ磬̺⣬Ӵһ𣬾ͬʵһ㣬Ǽһ˲䣬ͬʱ⽻һֻܼӰһδε˸䣬ԪӿƵϢͬɽһѹķ
أ
һ죬Ժٴηֿ
ֻ϶۽ƣͬʵʣˮԺȴȴҪǰǿʢöࡣ
Ҳ֪һ߶ͬʱԵߣǷëǡ
һ˵Խ࣬ͻҲԽѣҪںϾϼѡ
ԣԼߣںϵģҲǺӺʹϡˡ
ȻʦܼĴڡ
һ㣬Ĺʶںпܽʦ
ˮȻͨȴǲͬѰȻӵдȻܣ˸ɴ˿ɼ츳ͬһ㡣
һ֣ʩչľԽͬһƮ죬һĥĸо
һһʽͬϵƲʣͬԾţ뺣һ㡣
ǳΨһߣӦȻûôɣȻֻǼ򵥵ʽȴ̺λðᣬȴ̺ݿ֮䣬סƵΰ
ˣҲٳɣʩչԴС
ٷţ
ӿʹһע齣Уɫ֮⣬˸ĹʣѤõĻ
һ̺֮зХܺƴ׷紵ķʱվ磬ɢƲʣµһ𣬽ͬһѹ£ƺƵɵֵ
ৣ
۹磬һҡֱϣն£û֮Уʱһ졣

һХɵ⽣ɨͬХأ类ѹ飬ңһ޴ѡ
ԣ֮ʱʳһѪݣӵΰЩͲҵĶ֣óʵѣ̫գ˵
ѪݡԻȻ޹ֺоԪϢԭԵɺϵĵõһѪݡ
һݣʧܣѪڴأͻ᳤Ѫݡ
ֻʮֵͣû뵽ȻȻԵ
ŷȻ֪һ㣬һʼóԾԣҲûо̫ǵĻҲȫԸ
Ϊĸǰıƶûõġ
οǶǽޣнǣм顣
ҪĴܳԣöһ͵ĳƺţ
Ҳ뿴Եʵʵжǿ
ҲǾ죬ǿ֪ʳѪݣ𾪣ĽĻԵ
ݣϹ֮ʱҲǷǳݡ
ֻǣҲ֪ܷ
˶ЩţȻҲˣʯԱġ
ޣ֮ԲĴޣΪ֮ĲǾ޴ģһֲġ
ԴʯֻǱʶ꽣޵ʵǷĿԣȴδ֪
ֻѾһ޵ţҪʵػ
Ȼһ㣬Ԫĵݣ糤һ಻
Ԫ
һԱϴϽƣһǰĽ־Ԫѹȥϯķڵһ㣬ǿԪͬʱһͬٽ麣
¡
һ죬һƥΰٶ£ذ˻ġ
ʱоܵ˫ͬǦԪֹͣе󣬶ʩչĽиӲıŤͬһɽǶڴ֮ϣ֮
ʲôɫ䣬߹Ԫǿƿǹɽ
ݣ
Ѿʩչհνһоγصܣһţй֮䣬һ¾ɫ䣬Ϊ֪ʯǱͬĽл˵ġ
һ
һȫԪӿͬբĺһ㣬ҪӿȥУʱţһһ㣬һĨµĽ۶ֱָ¿ռ䣬Ĵȥ
һɱУԪһ㣬һ棬мǿƻ
򵥵Ľͬ棬ڱͬ£ſ棬޷ݵģվ棬ͼһ㣬ͼпȥһĿֲ
һĽ
͡
ȷʵȻӲռ䣬Ҫһ׻
Եհνΰ似Ѿ޷ȻݺݵĽǽ⣬һȻֻһ죬ȴһǿƵƻԪһ͡
ءһ˳ȥ
һ죬¿ռҲһƿ
ֻɫ԰ףȻûˣҲհνѹȣȻóԸ߿һۣϾհνɱУܻҪ𽣹֮ϣٶȿ죬ҲǹһĽܹһ°Ȼ
ȴֵܹȻ˵


728 Ҫ
ŷȴǾȷǳû뵽޷ѹƳԣ·磬ͬʱҲ˼Լһôƽ⣿

𾪣¶û뵽Ҳ޷κγԣǺε
찡⳽Ҳ̫ǿˣѵҪʶҶһ޲ɣ
ҿһˣαغԾ
̫ˣҪ֪ŽʦܹܵĴڣȴڳϱѹȣֱǲš
һ𺧣أԳԣŷ˶ûѹȸУΪԵֶμֱǲղнܵѧȻûڶԸʯʩչĻʯͰˡ
һΣ˲޷ȵĸоΪ֪Եļ֪᲻δʩչɱС
Ҫʹ䣬ȴǲܡ
޶ԼİǣȻҲˣľ֣Ҫܳԡ
ԣҲòϣҵһԵǿУҪʩչɱУСˣָ̬ƽž޲ӳԪӿҲХǿƥ
ն
һ˫һն;޿ƥУⱬӿ˲Ϣһɫצ󺣣ХԳ䡣

ϰɵצݺݵ򳽻ԡ
׻ױ
ǣϢƳ಻߹ɣȫʱȼܻ棬ǧ˸Хͬһ㣬ڳƣһ㣬׻𽻼ӣٽ١
ۣ
֮ȼգƬſӿȥһ֮
𣡡
׻֮Уͬһһ㣬˺ѣɻ棬Ťߣβ裬طغ¡졣
顭
һıըУ׻𾹱һɶӿ򳽻˺ҧ·Ҫɳһ㡣
ߡһӿƬϢȥŰ˷Ťռ䣬һ紵ͬ˼ɭһ㡣
籩
һŤһγɷ籩˳ȥ
籩ʧһһͻˣ˷ȥ籩ȴͬɱһѹȥԭӨӨ磬̱һƬ硣
ˣ
ɫ󺧣ε
ܹо籩ܵӰ죬ͬҩһ㣬һĸʴ壬ŷҲǿĿ£û뵽Եʽ޷ȫʩΪ
ն
ԳƱƽ齣ԣͬĵһ㣬ͱɣ¡һԭȻ̨ɽϿճΪһƬԨ֮ء
飡
һ죬ٴε˳
ֻɫֳһĨ԰ףϢҲǱ򳽻Ե˫ĿУоȡ
Ŀ𣿡µ˵û뵽㾹Ȼ
Խ̤գƻֺ꣬ͬһ񽣣Ҫ춼̸
Ȼˡ¶
ŷҲǴһû뵽
Ҳ̸һ𾪣Աĵ𶯡

һУżںϣߣȴǼ亱Ҳˣ˵УҲֻЩŽʦǿˡ
Ҫ𣿡ʵ
䣿һû䣬һ뿴㵽Щֶûʩչҡҡͷ˵㻹һϹΪβó
㻹ûʵӦ˵
ãǾ㿴ûʵ¶һĨɫһɱ
δ䣬һƬƬɫƲϯʵһ㣬ÿһƬƶĥ̴С̺̻ԻͣӡӡХǷһ㣬ɵ
ৣ
һƬУǧƵĽų˺Ѷиռ䣬ķѡ
ÿһƬƣ̺ԺԵ˫Ʈ޻ãٽԵʱ򣬼ǱɫʣͬһƬ۵Ʋһ
λñ䣡
ʵ棬ĻǰˬӢ˳˻֮Уںһģ˶ԾͬĹʽٽ˭֪ĶֻǴһӣǿµĽƾͻ˻ҽ
ۣ֮УһѪԼˣǵӰֱһֲԽĸоͬһ㡣
һжڣƽ
ȻһõһоȻˮлһ顣
ǰһƬã֪ʲô߽ʲô
ȻʱԳǰ
޴ΣһУһҪܣѾٽ齣ն£Ѹף͵һһѪҽһ˳ȥ
ǰһɭĽۣѪǻǶ¶˳ɭɭһƬޱȡ
ৣ
ס˿ڣжǾ˳һۺӰ
ȻѾˣȥˡ
˻
̨ɽϣһƬǶţȻܸ˳ԣǰܵ˸ɾ䡣
̫ˡϵ˶Ǽ֣ޱȣ͹ҲǸпѡ
˶ŷˡ
ʱ䣬ʯԪ
ŷ˼ûֹ


729 ۷Ծ
һյʱȥڻָﵽһ۷״̬
ֻԳ𣬿ŷˣʵǶҪս𣿡
ৣ
һ䣬̤߳Եڼͷʱ䣬˫۾̶ͬһ㣬򳽻ԣ˵ս㣡
ˣϣܹܳԡ
ҿδأ˵ʵǲ࣬˭ʤ˭ԤϣοԵϹûóóĻս»Ҫ
ϹŽʤҲס
һ۷Ծ
˶ڴ֮ɫ򳽻Ժˡ
˶Ѿ֪ͷнڵųϣ֮ӣ仹ҪСһ꣬Ŷʮ꣬˵ûĻȻ֮ĶǱϾݲμ½ǱԵ޵ġ
ҲŶʮ꣬ȫǱҪ
ԣʵС
ŷҲɫأԭֶԾԣֻǼԼ֣ӮҲԳɲ
֣Ȼ˵һ߹ս
룡һƽ˵
սһսԵ̤գƷϢƴСϪһƳ
ֻſһսϡ
һɫıӡӡͬˮһʡ
ƷϽ
ȣ
һȫų⣬ҶһƮ򳽻ԡ
ͬʱҲȡ齣ӭ
ʱ·һ̣˶򳽻ԺˣŷҲˡ

ֻ齣ͱһ죬Խǳ꽻ѤõĽ⵹ӳϼ䡣
ֻһ˾ͷ˿
˴ˣĿƣۻսͽ־ɢһƬƬ졣
Ҷ罣ϹŽ֪ܷܳԣŷ
Ҳ֪һ㣬ϰϹŽ˫һ̳ʩչȻ˷ܡ
ԵĽҲǱѰȻϹѧȴԴԼԴе˵һ覴ãǿԸĽģ˵սķḻԶԴѾǻˡ
սиĽΪƣսԭ֮һ
Ϊһޣ̲ԷǾԲеģΨжսܲϽ
һǿĶ֣߳ʤʯˡ
ȻʵҪ
ԣϹŽҶСˡ˵
ˣ
һȦɫɢͬƽĺһ㡣
ҶҶ׷ɣ
һһɹϵĽɢķŨŨӿƮȻԣĽƮݣͬҶһ׽
ৣ
һһĻӳɫâк֮ͬˮƺƵ£ٿȻ仯һƬƬҶɳķʽ򳽻ԣؼһƬ
ֻҶɳͬŮɢ紵Ҷ׷һ㡣
𽣹⣡
Բ֪𽣹㲻ϹŽȴǧǰѧҲѧԱġ
齣һɨĽͬһ̫ų޾Ĺâ˿һ㼤̺

Ļ䵽һƬƬҶϣ̱롣
ҶڶʽҶɣ
أƵ磬ͬһɫĻϯȥһҶһγǿƻ৵ųԾȥ
ۣ
ռ飬಻죬ޱȡ
оâ˸۽ȻһʽԭĽķʽתȻ͸ӿˡ
Դ죡
һԪĵӿϯγһȼյľ̨ɽϿգ̳˹Ļƣ񷶼·𱻷ˡ

һ֮УһƬƬҶȥ
˲䣬ɹһһƬϯһƬƬҶգɣµ˼㡣
ء
ȵĻ緢ը
ʲôһɫһ䣬û뵽ԾȻ׵ƽԼһʽ
׽⣡
޴ĽԺ絹ͬٲһк£ɨһУһСɽ嶼Ӳȥ
¡
׽һǰ̺µķӴ
ҶʽǧƮ
ɫδеأԪӿ罭ӣӡӡԣϼ䣬˫Ҷͬһǽһѹ£սȻɢķǷ׽ⶼȥˡ
ϹŽĿ֮
ȣս̤߰գһƽԣǰδеǿȽޱȣһȣն£ǱɫԵ£֮ͬˮһ㣬¡¡졣
ۡ
׽һɱ£Դݿƻ
ৣ
Ƥһ㵹˶
ǾԺ£¡һһɽ嶼ˣڵĲľɡ
һĻü죬ԭ˶Ϊ޷ˣû뵽ǱһһҲûϵû뵽Եٶ֮졣
ȻԱˡ
ǳҲȻһеĻ붼˵³
ʵಮ٣ʵѷֳʤ
˹Ժˣ۷׷ס


730 һ
˶һ֮ɫйעԡ
ԣû뵽ĽأȻѧȻǲֺԴ֮˵
Ҳ˵
ǺǣĵѾΪֹ˰ɣǽǼϹóɣ㲻ҵĶ֡ǺһЦ˵ҺǼϹ
𣿡ʵ
ҲֻóϹſԺԼһսˡ
ŷҲˣ˼˵Ȼﶼһ£ѵеûʩչɣ
ܡ
ŷ˶ҡͷԵΪֹѾʩչ˲ʮнˣɱҲǲ٣УҲδ̫˰ɣ
ϵɫս۵ףԵȻһЦȻ̤߳صһ£ֻһܣ౾Դӿ鲼ȼգںϣͬһսһ㡣
ˣ
ʱһɺƴֻԵѿǣߴǻ治С۷̬
ʲôɫ¶֮ɫΪӳԵϸоһвǸоһɲɴȵܣ޷̽⣬ͷ𺧣֪ĵʲô
ֻͨĻѧĻȻо
ѵϹɻʵ
⡣Ե˵ڣһʤɣ
ãȻڳԵϸовȻ壬ս޽ӽŽʦǿߣôܻẦ³ԣǽ͵ĽǶ䣬ʱһٴʩչҶʽǧƮ
¡
ͬˣƶغ¡ͷʮɻ棬ʮֲֿ
ৣ
齣̺౾Դɲ⣬Դȡ
أ
ƿɳĽὭɽ䵽ǧҶϣʱһըһͱնȥʱֻ˺ƺƵĴȥķߴɵĻˣͬǧһ㡣
ৣ
ʱɫ䣬ε˳ɣ龪Ŀųԡ
˻
˵һû뵽һ˺ƴ󣬾Ȼһֵܵ
һ˷ޱȡ
̫ˡ
ǰ⳽ԼֱȻ˾˵˽ʦǿ֮˭Ķֻ֣ʦٴͻƵĻʵ֪жǿ
˵˽ܣҲ֪Ҷ֮֮
ۣ򳽻ԵУ𾴣Ƕǿߵ𾴣ȻĳԵõǵϿɡ
ŷҲһ㾪Լ²ǳԵĶ֣Ψһϣֻмˡ
ԣĵ𣿡ĿƵʵ
Ϊ˵
Ȼǿң㻹óǿʵ˵
ɡҲ뿴׻ʲôĵƣܹš
罣ŷ˵֣Ȼ֪ĵҶ罣׽Ϲ
Ҷ޷ܳԣҲֻж罣ˡ
һõϹŽ֮һҸղʩչҶһף罣ֻҪֵܹһ׽ͳ㶫һ˽͵ĳƺšص˵
áԴȵ
ͬ⣬ǵͷ裬ԣһһڽʼСȴԽԽ󣬵Ѿγ籩һĽ磬˻
罣
һأеıǣʱͬһ򳽻ԡ
һƥǼ䴿ķԽعȻͱԴ
м򵥣һ㣬ɷǳ
͹˳ԵʵҲ͹ĵơ
λñ䣡
һһõĻǰһͯϰСʱֳһľϰ
ȻҲ˺Ѷͬһ㡣
䣡
һ˺Ѷ£׶ʱ
ƣ
һ̣׶Ȼľָ죬ʱɢĴ쳹ȵԣϰʮ꣬һ׷󽣵ҵУֻнûӰ첻ҵ񡣡
ʲôˣҲǾû뵽Ȼȥλñ䣬Ҫ֪λñ䣬һγ޷ЧȻĽѾﵽ̲ľأ˭ҲӰĽ֮ġ
ˣĿ¡
ȫţԾԳΪʦܣеٮٮߡ
һͬһٴʩչ罣
飡
һ죬ˣ˹·նˡ
̨ɽϿգ紵ȼա
ƻֺ꣬սⰺȻĿƵĶųԣбɫԣǷ
ȻȻˣȴûˡ
ʲôŷ󺧣Ŀųԣû뵽ʩչĵҲ޷κԼҲһĶ֡
ˡ̾һ˵ӽԺͬ㶫һһ͵ݡ
ֲˣʵҲ޷㡣˵
㲻˵ˣ㲢δóϹֵܵҵ罣óĻ°ܵ˾ҡ˵
ƽΡЦ
лҶһĵһ͡˵
ҲϿݡŷ߳ӵĿ˳һۣ̾˵
л֡Թֵ

˼˶ʱȻû뵽ͳԻûзֳʤѾϿһһ͵ݣŷҲˣʵڳǵ


731 ϹĹѨ
̫ˡ˶ʮּп֡
¡¡
ʱǧ֮⣬һ֮ӴֻԶɫ䣬гһ޴ĿնһƬӿ
ʲô
ʲôռ䣬ߣȥ
һʲô챦ߡ
鼤˴Ҵҵǧ֮ȥ
֣֣Ҳȥŷ˵
д⡣Ժͬʱ˵
ߡ
ԣȥɣΪ̫ͣͲκϽȥ˵
áԵͷ֪˵ûǵΪ̫ˣȥ˷ǻȥΪá
ǣԡŷһͬǰȥ
嫵֮Уһնѳ֣Ҵ¡
һɹϣģ䣬ֲϢͬ󽭴һк¡¡˷Բ˶ܹ
ʲô
ʱ󣬾ʮӰԶ
ĹϹĹѨ
һϹŴ֮أ汦ﲻɼǿȥ
ԣߣ
δ䣬ʮӰӽնУ̴һĲҽ
ʲô
嵽˶ʱ󾪣αˣ
Ϸֻһ߽ʦǿ߳ȭͷɽһҳ¡һǿնҲһҽ
û뵽ôˡնһƬڰһǱߣɱ˵һˡ
Ѿ˵ˣϹŴ֮أд£õĻǳΪʦܶ£һҪȫɱһĿ˸⣬˵
ǿ߽룬Ǹ߽ʦ
ɱ
ʲôˣ߽ʦһ󺺣ɽӣԪһȭһʽз쵸
ɱȵ
ȥն˷ӵȥɱ˵ˡ
ɶסǡ˻
ʱһڵȥ˿նĿǣŲƥһ껽ӳɨЩ˵ֽͬɵһ飬һѪ
ߣĽǰֱ·һ˵
Ľ˭
ǰǰ˽ʦǿߣʲôʱҶݳ˾޵꽣ͣ
ǲ֪ŷΣ
۷׷ף󺺶Ҷ֡
Ŀ罣ˣм˵ŷ磬Ƕν𣿺ߣĽǰҲֻǷһ
ʲôˣ˵
Ҳ𣿡
˲ҪΪԼʵǿͿˣСĻ콵
ʱмָָ꣬
ˣҲָңҿǻòͷˡĿһ䣬껽𽣺ɨҰĿն̾ͼղǼ˱ɱüͷգһ£˵ߣЩݵݿɱĽʶ𣿡
ʲôݿĽ
ǸһһˣΪɱڣ
ԭݣѹָ޼ɵ
˴󺧣û뵽ͷĿⶼ˼ɵ
ৣ
ĽһһΣĹѨ
Ҳߡ˴һȥ
ҲȥݿɱΣһȫɱⲻɣ˵һ˵ڶһ£˾͸ȥ
ն֮⣡
ԽԽ˳ʵǿˡ
ʱԺŷ
ϹĹѨɨһۣ˵
Ѿǰȥˡŷ˵
ء
ȻнХ
ѭȥֻһ񣬴Ϳ֬ʷǷ굽һ£ƮƮɡ
ŷ磬û뵽ǶҲˡӹЦ
ŷ裬ôüʵ
ǰЩʱһ屻ԭΪһͼǸͼ˴˶ݣֻû뵽ͼûҵȴҵ˵ͼڵĲر֮أһϹĹѨŷ赭˵
ԭ׵ͷ˵֮⣬ĽͶ޿ˣ
ҵǲֻ֪Ľ϶ѾˣѾǰȥˡųţȻ˵ˣ˵ˣҲȥˣлǺúñһ㽣չΡ
û⡣
ֻųͷ˿նʼնûпһۡ
֣ųһĵһͣ˳ļջĿ⣬Գ˵ݺͱݵķֱǿɱĽڶޣ֮⣬ݻһ޵н޵С
˵ֻҶһûеһ͡üͷ˵
ˣǳ㡣ŷ纬Ц˵
ʵΣһʵ
ǿŷһۣ˵ˣκһ˵Ķ֣ųʵҲǿ
ݵ޵нѾǾŽʦǿߣ仹ʮꡣŷ¶𾪵˵
ôǿüͷһ壬û뵽ݵʵ˵͡
ҲΪǱ䣬ҶݶĩλΪҶû䣬ﵽʷ޶ȡ̾˵֮Ǳ䣬ҶȻĩλǶݵ˾ͻᱻݹϷ֣ʱݿ¾ҪΪһƬ֮ˡ
ǰŷҲ̾
˵䣬½½ǿ߽ն
ҲȽȥɡ˵
ߡŷ


732 ǿƼ
ͻȻԿԶֻһĹԼһģӢӣ߱촽һ˫۾ϣԸоһǿĽϢĺͬһԺ
ޡŷʧ
Ŷŷ硣޳ڽǰĿ䵽ϣڳѾȫˣԴ˵أǶݲ󽣿𣿽ôֻλ
ޣǶ󽣿ʹӽѾˡ˵
Ŷѵ˵Ƕݳ˵һͣɾϡˣ㶫ǧûһ˰һ˿Ȥʵô
ǡҡͷ򳽻ԣ˵ߵλֵܣųϣڽմҺŷ硢ˡ
ʲô˻һ޴һֻǿ˳һۣͲм˵㵱ɵһʦŷҪ֪ȻݣҲߣҲҪЩܴǡ
Բšŷ
Ǿһ޿ŷһۣ˲ڿЦȻӳԼ佣ˮ򳽻ԣһѸޱȣ⣬ɱһ˽ʦǿߣûκĻԶȻ롣
ޣʲô˵
ʲôֻһʵѡ˵
Сġŷ缱˵
Լһкһû뵽ⶫһԲͶԼ֣һ齣ն£׽⣬ХӼݺݵĽһ߽⡣
ӣ˿Ƕһһˣ˵̫磬Ľŷ֪Ļ϶һսġ޲Ŀ˳һۣ˵ǣνǶһһ˵ݣǲһ
̫ŷ˶ŭָˡ
ҲҲһڴʱȻ̤ռ䶯౾Դӿ͸齣϶ն򶫷ޣء£ϢȻöһ鼤ĸо
ʲô޴󾪣æӽֵ౾ԴؼĴڣƽģοԭӳԣȻû뵽һ̱˳ȥ
ˣŷ˶ûо֣Ͼû׼ʵǿĳԱˣһͨ顣
սĻھͳȫ㡣ޱ˵
ã֣¹ҶһҪһս߳ŭ˵Ҳ֪ػϹĹѨҪģ˵꣬ͽն
֣̫ˡ˵
ⶫţ쳽ܹԱʵڸˣر㻹ҪСŷ˵
šԵͷ˵Ҳȥɡ
ৣ
˻һС
ĹѨ֮У
ӹ
һ죬ֻһ޴Ӱײһȭʹˣ
ƾЩҲõֱ·һֽܽ룬ɱˡ
ʦǿߣЩ׺нʦȴֻбŰɱķݡ
ϣ
Ӱ޼ɵ
Ժŷ˽նһƬڰ֮Уʶǿ󣬾Ժڰĸ֪ΧĶͬһ㡣
ԸоһɼǿĽϢĽ־ҲĲ
Ǹоˣۺâʵ
šŷ˶ͷǵĽ־ȻҲоǹɽϢжĹʡ
˵ĹǰһǿĽܡ
Ļֻд˵еʦܲŷ˵ʦûеġ
ĿƵ˵
ߡԳĬһ£ǺӡϺͶϣҲоϻúͷûд˼ǿᣬŷ˵ƶȷģĹˣʦܡ
ʦǿ½۷ڣ½û䣬ʦۣܳʦѾΪ˴˵еĴڣû뵽뾹Ȼܹ˵еʦܵĹѨǼֱһĻԵ
ûκԥȥ
ڶʬ壬˶޶ã˵ʵǻʵľŽʦԵҲֲ˺ôǼ޾Žʦǿߡ
˴һţֻǰһƬտ֮أѾвˡ
ҾȻȥ
ɶô£ΪǿԽȥҵȽȥ
ע⵽ûУܹȥģǽޡ
Ȼֻн޲ſԽȥ
ǰ𣬵ȴһ綼ˣǾ㵵ķ֣Ȼֻн޲ܹš
˵޶ԽȥΪϷȥһĿ˵
ѵŻƲɣɻ˵
һа˽ʦǿ߿϶˵
ĿһɨȻֽȥˣȭƵߣЩܹȥŵߣǽޣһʦֻҪǽޣԽȥЩ͵ĽȴҲȥ
ɣԶĹȤˡ
ŷˡ
ʱ˾Ͼŷ綼Ƕ꽣ǿߡ
ݿɱĽݷڶޣļŷ˶ѾˣǾǶһĽǿΣʵδʤˡ߲м˵
ƾҲˣŷ翴ˣ˵


733 Ȼֵ
ң˵Ҳǰ˽ʦǿߣŷȴɫ
㿴ҸҲҡŷ米ľ޽Ȼϣ糤ƿգǷɽڴ˾һһͷ­ͻȥͷʬϳˮһѪˮܣһƬɭ
˼˶ĲǶһ󽣵ǿߣͬǰ˽ʦǿߣȴŷһɱˡ
ߡ˵
ৣ
ԡŷ˽š
һֻ̣ǰ⾰ٿȻģԼһʯУڵʯ壬ͷҲһƬʣʯ͵ƣеĵͣȴߵʬɣòϢ
һ㣬Ȼ֪
оĹѨ˵Ŀֲʦܡ
ɵģ¶˷֮ɫʦܵĹѨһбڡ
ǿưͷļ֪ĹѨ֮ĽޡŷĽǿߣԼʵǿᣬҲûоԵʤ㡣
һǿʵĻᣬԾԲ
Ǳ䣬ֻʱ䣬ȴֻʦҪμӣҲа˽ʦΪϾŽʦһΣ磬ͬŽ׵ʦһͬΪʵȴ
ͨޡ޵Сǿߣʵ֣ÿһΣĨɱԼһεˡ
ʵ֣еĲȴ֮
ϾΪһŽʦܹжʵġ
һİ˽ʦ׶ŽʦѾˣҲΨпӵж޵оŽʦǿߵʵ
׾ŽʦеѣһףʵǷͬ죬ڵʦΪսӦͨͶŽʦǿ֮䣬ûﵽŽʦĲΡ
ĽޡŷˣǼпܴﵽһΡ
ѾԣҪͳһսڵûսʤʵóӡҲƽ֣Դ򲻰
ԣҪǿʵ
ʯĳԶ޷Ϥ
ǳʱγɡ
ˡʱ¾Ѫں
ʲô£⻹Ǿ볽Դغ¾ѪһκԲʵ¾ѪδָʵϾ˵̫ˡ
ҸоĹѨ˱¾Ѫ˵
Ŷʵ
λá¾Ѫ˵ˣʦܵĹ֮أĵطȻγ˼ǿ㿴ܷ¾Ѫգ
áԵͷͬ⡣
лˡ¾ѪϲһθоʵҲûô¡
ৣ
Խ磬ʯһʮ·ڳǰ
ֻԥʯȥ
¾ѪħȻʵ𣬵Ȼ״ħۣʦܵĴڣʶεǿȻԸоĹѨ֮ء
ʱһǿĹӺ󷽶
㣿˾ȻǶޣɫɭףͬһ㣬ݺݵĿųԣٺЦղŷߣϵûж֣û뵽˼·㲻ߣ㴳죬Ҿɱˡ
ˣ¾Ѫɱһ˽ʦѣȻǿҲ¾Ѫħ۵Ķ֣ȫ׽ɱ
áԿŶޣ˫Ŀâ˸˵ҲգҾһ͵кʵ
ҳȫ㡣һˮƷ£âҫƱˣҪ롣

Ҳˣ齣ˮϣʱˮһĽк£֮ڶ
㵲𣿡޺˵֪Сʶһ£ʲôĽ
ɣս߰һǰ

ϢĵԪХֳ֮ˮƱ䣬򳽻ԣʱ任ڵʯȻľ˥䣬ʧһǰδеϮ˵ͷͬʵһ㡣
һ۷彣˸оʵĴڣԼ档
ͬʱ̺Դȡ
Ҳף޹ֺ˵Ľŷⶫ޺ǿˣΪǵʵѾȫԽ˾ŽʦĲΣӵʦеͨ컻أȻ˵ʵǿͬʵľɱ¾ҲԷ塣
ޣɲ⣡
εֵ޹ЦʼգûнԿУΪʵ
ڶݣŷ֮Բ꽣ǿߣΪ˴˶ûоԵսʤԷͬһΣ޵ѾݲΣվ˸۷塣
ֻǼ򵥵ĽУͱòˡ
հν
ʱԸоһΣУʩչɱУ齣ɨĽһţҹǡ
ۣ
ó벻ǣһմ֮⣬̾顣
ĽУֻ̫ˡ޲Ŀ˳һۣ˵ƾĽһоͿɱ㣬˵֮أٸ㿪ЦĿְɡ
治
ųϯûжƣеȴǿֲԺԥʩչ治ֳ齣һնʢ˥ʱ
ʢͼ֣ʱ֮ڱ任Ҳ
Ȥ޺Ц˵Ȼֵˡ
أ
ȻȻԵʢ˥ʱҲ޷ֵ
ɫ䣬ԶԶ͹˶޵ʵҲ߹Լʵ
ͷ̶λñ䣡
õһĻ޵ΪԵʱû뵽޺ȻһõһĻ飬˵ǳҵԤϣû뵽㾹Ȼһʦֻǻ̫ˣͲ˽Ŀ¡


734 ս
ۣ
һ֮ϯ˳ϣһѪֵĻᶼûС
ף㾹Ȼû޾Ŀ˳һۣȻɫЩ죬˵ĽʣôܣһССʦôӵĽʣ
򳽻ԣ˸񶾵Ĺâ˵һǷʲôŵرȻӵĽʡ
ԻǵһγôĿĨȥǵѪ˵
Ҹ˵ҿǲˡɫһ˵
˵գһɱ򳽻ԡ
У̺ĵֻһٴʯڵľãóԷ·Ǵһ
еɱȴó١
һоΣ
Ԫ
ƶԪߺһܣ֮ʴٶȶûˡ
ʲôʽ
ٴη̾ȻԵʵѧȴǲöˣݣ˵ѹܹ˳㶫һ͵ĵλϧԵңͶޣԽӲˡ
ͣ
Ԫ֣֮У̶졣
׽꣡
˶޵ĻԲԲȰ˽ʦᣬںϣХͬ籩һ㣬ݺݵĴ򶫷ޡ
ߣ׽ҲǰŪ֮꣡һмȻ֮ɱĲ˼飬ݺݻڷ׽ϣһ׽飬֮Լٴ򳽻ԡ
֪ҵ˰ɣ޹ЦǷ
꣡Դһ֮һܣţɭ˼̱֮ʴһһεıġ
ɶ񣬾Ȼꡣ޴˵ҵҪжı£
˵գ޹ĵԪۣⱬ̻ˮˮһ㣬ǰĿռ䣬ʱһɱǿϯ
һҹ磡
ɭ˵ԣѾжʮ꣬Ѿ¯ĵزƵǷ켫ƾεֵ
һҹ졣
νΪҹΪһӳ֣һҹӵǿᣬͬҹﴵһ㣬ָоȳԵ籩Ҫϡ
ȻҲ޷ֵԴݿ
أ
ͬ˵ĳԱݺݳ˳ȥѪȼյĻϨԪҲһͣȻ˲ᡣ
㻹ʲôֶΣһɫ˫۸ӳԣͬһ˵ȥˡ˵գˮһӶ̺ͣĵĽ򳽻ţҪ롣
ӡ
Ȼ䣬ԴһӡƷͬɫĻһŶѹ¡
ۣ
֮ɢ
Ϲܵӡǹɺƴ󡢹ϡɫ䣬̰֮ɫȻԱݣϹҲޱȣֵǣͬݵһʦС
ԣϹ޾ռΪС
Ȼ͹˷ӡֱˮײ˳ȥѪɫӿ԰֮ɫ
ÿµһϹеƷĿ¶̰˵Ϊ̫ϳʩչϹĸоȴûзӡǿõЦϹĽŷ趼ҵĶ֣ʱֱȥ޵һս˭½һеĵһޡ
ɣ
һɽӣԪƵˮɨķ޾ڷӡϣʱһͬӴһһȦȦĽɫƣ涼һѺۡ
أ
ԶʱֻѪƺһһѪ
̫ǿˣͲǶ֡
վڡ޺˵
ৣ
û뵽ԾȻ̵ͷܡ
ߣܵ𣿡߳ԣ׷ȥʦܵıȻ󣬵ǰĶʵһЩ˳ϹҲûһˡ
ֻǣԷУԶ޵ٶȸ׷ϡ

ŭ죬Ԫ羪κһʯ𶯣ͬҽһʶ˷
ɱ
һֻһˮһɫ⻡һûǰٶȿޱȡ
á
ʱԸовٶȼӿ죬Ȼǻɫٶȿױȣգۼͻ
ͣ
һѪ𣬳Էҽ˳ȥ
ԣҿܡ󷽣˶޵
ֻû뵽ֻһѪĹ֮ضȥһ֮ûɱԣΪƷױףֻǾԶû뵽һ֮Ʒױ׶һӣˡ
ԼûдƷױ׵Ļ϶һˡ
ޣҵţҳԲɱĲΪˡԶݺݵ˵
Ʒױף޼ֱǲţԼֻǴƷϽױףųϾȻƷױף뵽ϹҲȻˣֻоζըˡ
Ȼóˡ
׷ȥݺ˵ԣӵĺǣҶҲҪɱ㣬˭ҲȲ㡣
޷ŭ˼㣬ð˽ʦǿߣһһˣܹնɱͨŽʦǿߵĴڣɾȻһʦˣȥĻֱܴ裬Ȼӵǿʵ


735 VSŷ
Ҫɱԣ
ʱѾ¾ѪİĹѨĹ֮ڡ
һ޴ʯңܲϻڴˣһ󷨶˵á
ţȻǶҲ޷󷨡
ˣȻ¾Ѫǰĺƴ餣ɫ˷ܵ˵ԸоһǿֻҪյĻȫԻָơ
ȻϣԸоһԼ궼
ʦܣ
һ֣˵ʦܵǿ
ǰŵľһλʦܡ
ǳԣҲ񼤶ڴܹһԵ

ڳ̤ΧʱǰһϹ֣Ϸ򱱶ʣߵɵõϷ²
ߣ˼ǽеĻߣ˭Ҳ
û˿ԥԶŹߵ
¡¡
ͻȻһǿܴ˳ڡ
ˡ¾ѪҪȴĻ赲⡣
ˣ˵û£㲻õģ
ˡ¾Ѫ԰ȻӦʼȫȫ
ȴһĿռ֮У˱ʵĴС
ͬʱȴڷѰҳԡ
ȴôûѰ
ʶĹѨʯУԶϤǧףĹѨȴǲ֪㣬İͨ̽
ԣҪҵ㣬һʬǱһһˣ˫Ѿʦܲƿصһһʽ֮䣬̺Ͻĵ
һϷˣȻǶŭҪɱ
νųϵݣţ֪Լǲ˿ġ
ǣ޿ʼѰһԵϾϹʦ֮ܵأǴһռ֮УȻ
ŷ˽Ĺ󣬺ܿˡ
Ȼڶ֮пԳ۳ưԣʵǿĴڣŷ衢ޡĽȣȴ̫࣬ͲһεĶ֡
ݣҲֻǰеļ˿Ժʹ档
Ҫ֪˻һеǿߣֻǽǿߣǧǧǿߣź;޵Ȼ֮ͬˡ
ˣĽҲ
ŷ˵ʵһ𣬲аӦ
ͬʱҲĳޣΪǿĳ޶Գɱ⣬ҳᣬʦΪйһս׵˽ʦ˶󳽻Եжǿ
󣬾Ǳ䣬ǲϣǰ䡣
˶츳ţţһ𣬵Ҳ˴ǵ⡣
ΪĹˣǶߣĽɱ˶ᱦˣǵʵɱǼֱ練ơ
ɱ¾ʱ޿̲ڹĹС
ɻǣǲûзʲô
Ĺ֮أ
һЩ˺ܿѰĹ֮ڣŷҲˡ
Ĺ󣬵ôһЩϹèӣĹڡ
ҵ·
ֻ޴ŹɱеˮƿѪ
һ䣬޸飬˵Щ˶ɱ
ޡ
ŷҲŶޣ϶¶˾ݣǵΪȻоõ޵ǿʵ򲻵ѣǲԸԡ
ע⵽ˣʵ
֪ŷһۣ˵
֪޴ŭɭ˵ǻ᲻֪ҿǶǲɣ
ߣ಻㡣ŷ˵
ʲô˵ԭŭͷϣŷĻȻǱ׵˵ŷ磬еһսȻŭͷϣҲ֪ԼʵԸǶ֮еκһ˶ԣԾ˾Ͳɡ
һ̤˷һǿƥйֲ˼㡣
˾Ǳһһ˶𣿹Ȼ
ǰʵţȻֱսŷ磬֪᲻Ӧ
ҹᣬŷʵҶǿȣȴ̫ԶˣȻǶ޳ԱݣŷƲĶ֡
еţݵŷԣȴǺˣȴܹŷһϸµŷӮ̫ˡ
һЩע⵽Զ
ƿһսĺõط
ô𣿡޼ŷ粻Ϲ¶˲м֮ɫ˵νҲˡ
ƨŷԶʱһ࣬˵Ҫսѵһ㲻ɣ
֡죬˵ѹ󡣡
áŷ粢çײͷһΣ˶޵Ķ棬˵սɣ
ߣŷҾҪŷ硣ŷϣһֱȥԷһֱڻҪŷ磬֪޺ŷǲֲٵġ
˵գһɺƴԪɢɽһ㣬ƥ
ֳֻˮһ֯һһ㣬¶µĵ
ŷԶޣҴ⣬Ϣﵽ۷״̬ӳ⣬֣ϢƵ
ֱͦԶԶȥͬһâ¶ı
ȳ֡һм˵
áŷ¶ŭɫҲֱʩչɱУӰն
Ϊ֪ԼĶǱһһͣʵǿһĽи޷ʹɱõķ


736 㲻Ҫ

ӰХŷ·һһ㣬Ľһһ졣
һѸ磬
ʵ𣿡޿˵
˵䣬ֻӳˮһƬɫɢͬ¹⵹ӳںһ顣
ۣ
ŷһֽͬɵһ㣬ˮƽ⡣
ߣһݺˮǰиռ䣬һΪ˫֮ɨɨǧϯһ㡣
ʱһƬ졣
ǧһߣ
ŷɫ࣬ԪڱϣγһһĴڣٿȻֱУһǰơ
ͣ
һĽ֮򶫷ޡ
Ȥˡ޼Լ֮ŷȥ˫΢У˸ˮˮһĽȥһƬˣХһ㡣
أ
ˮ죬ͬһöըӽһ㡣
ৣ
˲䣬ŷЮƽޣХ
ô𣿡Ц
˵գչͬһֻӭŷ磬ˮиգһƬʱڵĸоͬҶݻƵһ㡣
׽Ӱ
һХŷӰͻȻʧ
šʱ¶һĨɫоԼҲ̫Сŷˡ
֮ɱ
Хһޱһɨ󵱿һնһն˳ȥһ֮⸡ֶһƬľ㣬ţһɱ֮ڴ
ء
ķռ𲻾ڶıըһȦȦԪϢ顣
䣡
һ̣һƬ죬ͬѹһ㣬˻
ն
һĭֻŷȻڶǰ˫һ£縫ɽһ㡣

һ̣Ƕ޶ɫˣû뵽ŷԷѾ¯ĵزˡ
ǱˣǶһ޶ĶޣͻһҲ̵ʱﷴӦˮӳɱС֮
ʱһǿҵɢ貵Ĺâʵʣһ㡣
䣡
ڵֻһų˳ȥݺݳĽϣصһɢҲǱը
籩
ŷȴһǰ;Яƽȥ
㲻Ҫ𣿡ŷĶԾͲǶԾ֮սǲҪ֡
ŷȴһֲ˵ľһɹɿֲܲڶ޵ܣͬһ
ȻҾͲˡ
޴һԪͬբĺһ㣬£֮ϯ

ԸԵʽʩչŷϣһԴŷ硣
һҲȴˣǶ޵ĵ֮һ֮
ŷоĪ˿ѡһƽ
ˡ
ʱһɺƴͬɢְ˷һƬըһƬķ籩̼߽⡣
أ
֮Ȼ룬Ȼһ֣ݺݵײŷϡ
ʱֻ飬۵һһѪ
ߣ֪Ҷ޵˰ɣһȻ˵
֣û°ɡæǰסŷ磬򶫷ޣ˵ޣδҲ̫˰ɣ
ݣЦҶҪɱĻѾˡһЦм˵

˻һ˽ԾҲ֪˵ʵ顣
޶ŷбɱ֮ĵĻѾڶԷˡ
ⶫ޶пУģϾǶݣŷԾ޽ڣȻڵţѾ޽ĽţҲѴˡ
Ϊˣŷһ
ңҲֻ֪޲ŷѣŷԣɱ
㣬̫ŭ
ôҲһսɫ䣬Ѿŷһû뵽Ȼô˵ֱǷֲƣȻŭ⣬˵սĻҶ޷㣡
ãս㡣ҲǵСµˣ޵ôߣʱȵ
֣ⶫһսڶһЦʱ򣬺ȻһƽȻ촫
֣ŷ۾һֻȴǴӺڰ߳˶ǰ
ԣ㾹˵Ƕɫ˵зɱ
Ŷ˵ˣ㲻ǶϷ˵
ŲǶŭ
ô˵ǶˣԺЦ˵
ˣ˴Ц
㡭㡭޶ʱһ࣬ƿԣָڷ
Ȼȣס죡
˵꣬ݺݵĶųԣ˵ԣǰĶӵӣѵھǰҿǲˡ
˻
ԣ˶һԭԾȻѾ޴ܹһˡ
ŷҲ¶ɫһǵĿųԡ
ǲõġ԰˰֣һ̤˶ǰ˵ޣʮӶʮ֮ǰܹңڿɾδء
Ҿͽնɱڴˡ޲ȻŭһٶѾ׶ɱģŷֹҲҪɱ˳ԡ
ৣ
˵꣬ţųԱƽԣǰ
ûʸ񡣡ӭȥȻ壬ڣһǿƥԪɨʱһƬˡ


737 ս
ѹҳǰԭͻʦҶǰͽͣһɱ㡣һ˿죬û뵽ԾȻͻˣ֪ԳԵΪʵȻͬһΪҴ⡣
ŷ˼ˣɫһϲ
ʦѾǰͻʦȻʵ
ৣৣ
Хֻ޺ͳͬʱγ˱Էʵʣഥ
ղһʽ㣬㡣޶ݺݵ˵
Ҫʧˡȵ
޴һԪ֮ϯһƬɫ⻪϶ֶ£ͬʵ쾰
һ֣޾û飬ֱӶɱС
Сġŷǰһ£̺
һ𣿸ƣ
Դһʩչʢ˥ʱʢ˥۷嵽ţͬһ׳Ѹһڿήʴ
أ
֮ľʴͨһǿʢ˥Ḷ́Ѹ߽ˡ
ʲôⲻܡʧŶ೤ʱ䣬ԾȻܹƽԼһˡ
ãŷ˴кãҲһֵġ
Լͣ
ԣ
ԣʶһǶݽ
ܵĶݽ޼˷ޱȣһ¶⣬׷Ϊź
ұ졣һǿƥ֮ļ¡
򳽻ԣĿ˵ΪƽһУͿԴҸ㣬Ρ
ˣ
ֻ˫һ̧ˮƷ˫һبѴ֮ɢӳϣͬĴһ㡣
˿̣޾
֮ɱ
޴һˮȻһ糤ϯһ㣬һɱ֮ľ򳽻ԡ
治
ͬʱʩչͲ౾Դϣȼգһ϶ɴϣǿᵽ˼㡣
Ծͬһˣͷڰ̤Ȫ߳Ļʹߡ
λñ䣡
齣裬֯һƬðĽ⣬һλðľ
һõĻ棬ʵٹ棬һ֡
һ𣿳ԣѵѾ¿𣿡޹Ц֪һе֮ӰֵѾԳһУǿ־ѡ
ܿ͸о˲ԾΪȻЩֲˡ
Ǽٵģƣ
ȻܵӰ죬Ͼľޣǳ˿Զ
һ𣬿񱩵֮Ӷ
¡
һ죬һ㡣
õľˮһɢ
ݣ
󣬶Բ˼ķӦ̳һе־ȫ·ˡ
Ӳˡ޶񶾵˵

һȣ౾Դӳϣһ٣ͬһ㣬кƵɴȡ
ͣ
֮һ±ơ
ܣʲôһ𾪵˵
δܵ侹ȻͲԼԸ֪ģͷ·Լ޷ȥ
ȴûо⣬޵֮Ȼǿ󣬵Ĳ౾ԴѾͻƵгɣ̶ϣ֮ףҪⶫһУ׾ٵ顣
ŷһۣǿ˱˴еľȣ˷ܣΪԵ𣬾ζŶһ
ӴԺ󣬶Ҳᱻ߿ˡ
һڶݽȻһ㣬Ϊź
ɶ񡣡ȻҲһ㣬о˳Եǿߣɱ
֪ԼûдܳԣûгȫԼӢ˳Ե
Լʲôˣ
һһˣǾǿߣȴһ֮ͽ򲻹ӶʯͷԼĽŵ
Ƕ޾Բġ
̫ˡ޻ָƽĿеĶ񶾹âȥ˫Ľֻ˵ΪҶ޾ֶΣʹشˡ
ˣˣ
ڴһ죬Ŀڹͣ¡
Ȼ䣬һѪ֮˲ռͳһѪƣͬһѪҺһ㡣
ɱ¾Զʱͫ¶ɫ˵
û뵽ɣ֮ɱ¾Įĵͷ˵ܹӦøе԰ˣ١
˵䣬ɱ¾ӿɫˮѪҺʴͬһѪ
⽣ϣԷ·𿴼ʬɽѪ׹
ɱ¾
Ψɱ¾мһ֡
ڵ磬ɱ¾Ҫٺܶ࣬ǳ֪ģҲֻгһ˶ѡ
û뵽ٴμɱ¾ˡ
ˣǶޣ
֪մ˶˵Ѫһ֮ˡ
Բ壬ܣͷϿХ
桢磬ҲǾĿųԣ֮ɫʵû뵽ԾȻͬʱ
ҲֻЩʦϲſԿˡ
ŷѾ֪ڼɫҲ¶֮ɫΪ˸о
ΣȻҪҶ޵ϡ˵
һ̣һҪɱԣԼǿС
Բ¡


738 ֮
Ȥڴʱ湫ģŷԶ޺ͳԶ˴սоâ˸¶һĨɫ
⾪ɫǾڶ޵ǿ󣬶ǾڳԵʵ
һ۾Ϳֻһʦ
ɾΪȻܹƵöʩչ֮ɱ¾ֱǷ˼֪ġ
˭һµĽҲüޣĿ⣬ϢȻĿ䵽ϣȻҲע⵽Ĳ
˵гԡŷ˵ΣҲ֪
ŶݺʱĽ˵
֪ǰδ˵ŷҲɻΪʵǳԵ죬Ȼڶ½ȴǼܹ֮Ľ˱ȼ磿˵Ŷ
ܹöʩչɱ¾˷ͬˡۼܹͶһսĽԲ˽ܣ̾˵
ŷͷ˵
Ҳע⵽ĽŷĵеİҲ
ҪܳԣܹĽŷǰܳԣȻǸˡ
ԣɣ
һȣ䡢ɱ¾ӳϣѪһ㡣
ͣ
ˮͬȾʵѪҺǰĿȻ̶
ʬɽѪ
һɱ¾һȾ죬·ѪѪܵġ
˿̣ͬһѪˣ
ѪͷϷйѪĵͬǴѪ߳ѪҪ˼չɱ¾һ
򳽻ԣ˫ҲֳѪɫ
¡¡
ˮ裬⽻֯ͬѪһ㡣
ֻѪһ߾ʬƯɢŨѪζɱ¾֮
ǰΧ߶Ǿˣŷ˶ɫһ䡣
ͬʱҲоǿ
ǱѰ
ལ꣡
һʽ޷ƽһУСɵĲ౾ԴҲУΪɱ¾ܹӰߵ־΢ᶨߣ̾ͻȥ˵Ϊɱ¾ϡ
ԣֱʩչгɵĲ౾Դ
౾Դгɣгɵķ׽궼޷ֵ
Ǿܣ
ͷ·־һ㣬ܵС

ལХûоһ˿ĲϢ޾ǸоһԼļµڿԼ
𣡡
һԦѪʬɽƺƵĳ򳽻ԡ
أ
һȻֻʬɽѪһӱըͬһըһ㣬Ѫˡ
ɱһ䣬һˮѪ֮ͬˮһ㣬ĳ򳽻ԡ
гɲལꡣ
ƣ
ףͬˮһȥ
¡
һ춯صĴըһ̱߽⣬󾪣ˮһ裬һɱ¾ȳһϯԣռ䴦һƬ
ɱ¾쭣
޴ɱ¾ȫͬһѪħ
һ죬ˮֱжռһΪǱȥɱ¾Ѹû£ͬɽһ㣬ɶֹ

齣һ죬Ѫ˳죬⻪䣬ɱоȻͬʱɢˣҲǴ󾪣ⲻܣóԸͻû벻ͨΪֵܹԼһ
ûʲôܣڵ㣬ɱҡԵ˵
ѵɱ𣿡һԣеҳȥһս
ৣ
˵գ޳Ĺն֮š
˭˭һЦȥ
ˣĹ
ߡŷҲͣĹռ䡣
ûв´ĻǳӦõõ˹ĹڵĶĽ˸һƬâ˵
ҲôΪŷͷ˵ߣȥ⳽Եк̣
Ҳ뿴Ľ˵
뿪
ɶ񣬶ȻǳԵõˡڶߺ󲻾ã˳һ˵⳽ֵܹ޵ǿߣǲĶ֣֪ͨҸǰ
˹Ӧ
ն֮⣡
ৣৣ
޺ͳһǰһգۼǧ֮⡣
һ̶ϣԵٶȻҪȶ޿һ㡣
޼ɫԽû뵽ͻʦʵȻǿ˾أ֪ˣڹĹҵ
˵ʲôûˡ
ԣΪͻƣһΪõ˹Ĺ֮Եʰɣ£ͷ񷣬̤գܽƣһ·
Ҫսսٷϻ˵
ߣҲˡ˵ʦܵĶܹģ̽Ҿɱ㡣
νıһһҲһţƤˣˡ쳤Цޣ̶֣һ߿һۣû뵽㾹Ȼ˵Ļʵʧ
㡭
Ŀһɫ䡣
ֻͷϿգһƬɫĹҫҲ¡¡һѪӣĵˮ֮ǧڲãرڡ
¡
һԸӣͷ֮󣬽Ųɱ¾򳽻ԡ
·سɴһ㣬ֻһʮԶ
˲䣬ͼ˳԰⡣
ն
ڹΧڣ̻ˮճųն£һض·һΪˡ
һں֮ɱ¾졣
ɱ
ޱһһǰѪӣѪƳ򳽻ԡ
δٽڵһѾ١


739 ռ
Ԫ
һԪߺһǿƥܺƵͬƿգɽ緢һ㡣
˲ϢѪն˽ռС
꣡
ѵֻѪռ䣬ȻȴѪֻȻ޷ˡ
ʲô
һ£ɫ䣬ŷĽҲ¶ɫΪ֪һɱеɱУû뵽ȻԵֵסˡ
ޱ˸ǲţĿųԣţ
ȴ֪ΪͻƣԪЧʮֵܹסһ

ͻȻĿһݣٴʩչһǾС
񱩵ͬˮһӿһ㣬ͨͨûصһըԪ̱
ŭ
޴һɱն򳽻ԡ
һɾأɶȽǿ󣬿ƻأռ䶼ƣ·Ҫһ㡣
񽣣
ڴʱʩչϹŽռԵĽ񽣡
ڵõ֮ʱδƿأһκͶ޼սѾʩչˡ
Ϊͻʦ̳˾񽣵ȻδСɣһԲС
ʱΪ𣬿ռΪ
仰˼ǣʱĻôռԷߡ
Ȼڰ¡
齣ӳĪĹ켣УµϢֻռ俪ʼһ˿ƣһ澧Ө͸ľӳǰ
ˣ
һɿռɢ
ৣ
Ҳκζռ侵ӺȻӰ
һ̣Ȼ˳ǰɴ
һĻˡ
ֻԵӰ˿ռ侵棬齣ն¡
飡
̲Ԩ˶ϣɱ¾֮ӳϣҲǱһݺݼӴŭ
¡¡
ʵ޻һǳĽ£ȴǳ޿ĻͿռ硣
¡
һ£ԺͶ޶˼ͬʱ˳ȥ
⣬ʲô޾ɲĿųԣʵ
Ҫ֪ŭĵ֮һͨľŽʦǿߣһҲֻĵû뵽ʩչһ
ҪǣȻûпκ
ֱǲ˼飡
ǿռԽĽǼʶ㣬һ𾪵˵
ʱΪ𣬿ռΪĿռŷҲһȵ˵ôܣôտռأ
ʦ˵һ˵ռʱеΨʦܲȥ򣬵ܹһһزľߣܹδͻʦʱ򣬾
Ľۺ𺧵˵ǣδܹʶʦĴڡ
ܡŷʱʧ
ȻҲţţҲĴţȴһ㣬⳽ԾԷͬˡĽ˵򳽻ԵУһ˿ɵ
ȻڵĳԻĶ֣ɵǣԵδ
һλδпܳΪʦĴڣκ˶ɵ
ԣŷҲһ˿֮ɫ
ŷȻĿɿڴû뵽ԾȻͶս൱϶¶˷֮ɫ
Ҳˡ
񣬶һҲһλϵ̨Ľˡ
Ը֮࣬ҲЩʧ˾񽣵֮ܺʧδܻܶޣţֻҪԼСɣôԼδزܴܶޡ
˶޵Ļ˵㶫޹ȻˣȻռѧûм
ռѧʧôܡ
ûʲôܵģ㲻ɱˣҵʵûУҿ㻹ǹ㱱ȥɣҶݶۡһ˾һߣҾһɵˣȻûʲôɫˡ
㡭Щһһ࣬ݺݵ˵ԣ㲻Ҫ⣬ѵܹ𣿸㣬һоûʩչ
ʩչɡԵ
ɶ޷ζҪ챻ըˣŭ졣
ȻʱԺȻƤһһǰδеΣиԼͷ
ʱɫ䡣
ô£ôָо
˵Զ޵ʵӦ˲ԼŶԣѵˣ
ţΣԽԽǿңͬҪ緢Ļɽ
ôˣ۹һ۾Ϳ˳ԲԾЩ˵
ޣҸսûκγɣ˵꣬ԼԦԶݳȥ
֣ŷ˶ɻѣæ
ô£ĽŷҲɻ󲻽⣬ǿĳǲ嶫޵ģֻǲ֪Ϊμˣ
߼Ҳͷˮ
СӣҿˣԲܵô졣޹Цһĵ⡣
¡¡
ȻЦδ£һɻصܺƺƵĶ

һ£ֻһμõ˳
ʦܣ
ǶޣĽˣǴʧɫ
ŷ迴ˣ
ԭŷҵСӡĿ䵽ŷϣ˵֪
ߡŷ˵
ţСӲˡһǾǲڳϵϢһӣĿ⿴򳽻Զȥķ˵
δɢȥѾ̤նȥ


740 ʦܳ
֣һʦܣݸҳν£ŷɻ˵
ʲô飬ȻɱԵˡ޹Цһ˵˵⳽Լֱ·ȻʦԣǰȥɱǲԳˡ
˻
һԶʱʧɫû뵽˾ȻһʦܣɱԵġ
֣ô죿ŷһǵ
ô죿ŷ磬ǶݵĽעҪĩˣǳԾʵǿӹʦܵ׷ɱ޿ޱȵ˵ڳԱǸоճˡ
̸ȥڣ˵
ߡŷ˵
ǰڡ
ߣ֪ͨΣҲȳСӵˡ˵
Ȼ⻰ЩŲˬĽŷȴ֪⻰޵
ȻֻһʦܣҪɱʦߣǼֱǲѴ֮޵оŽʦǿߣһʦܵһ֮С
ԵսҲǽӽڶŽʦѣӲ׷ɱ
˶̾һû뵽ȿŰôҪˡ
ӢŰ
ϯҲǳ̾
ȻǶΪܹӹֶΡ
ȴ˵һ·ߣԼûз
ͣһ·ǰɶݣΪоǹɿ¸оԽԽǿˡ
ҺǰȥѾ׷ϡ
գۼ䣬ԾͶݳԼ֪˿ںη
Ͼһʦܣʵۺй֮ܣǳĸӴܺ׷
ٶȼ죬Ǳȳǰһ
뻹ǧ͸о˳ԣʱȵСϷվס
ʦܡŽкԻͷһʱŵû亹ֱǲͣԶݶȥٶȱᵽ˶塣
Сӣٲͣ£ݹϷ顣ԾȻҪӣٶԽԽ죬в˵
СǰʶڳϣǰȥɡԼæ˵
ߣСϷˣڹĹеõĶϷһվڣϷɱһųϣǲϷֽġʶ˵
СӲ֪ǰ˵ЩʲôʲôĹСһŲ֪ĵȻˣȴںԵ˵
ȻˣϷͲˡ
ƥɱңڶȫҡԺ˵
㵨ϷҪʬΡԱףʧȥ侲Ҫɱԡ
ৣৣ
һ̶ͣǰӡ
˿ֹƼ󷽵ʱɫ䣬֮
ʦܣ
Щ˸ǣжԶӶԶ
Ƕ֣һʦΪλᱻһʦ׷ɱ
ȻҲûôйһҪץסԡ
ֻǳԵٶȳĿ죬һյʱˣǧ롣
С
ȴǲ֪ԻֻʦٶȵѾܹͶ޵˱⣬ͻʦٶϣвס壬ٶǿ硣
һʱȥ
СϷӣ
ڣǳ˳ǧ֮
ٶȣò˶þͻ׷ϳԡ
ƥб¾͹ȥŵľ亹ֱðоëˡ
׷ɱ·һ
ݵСӣϷץ㣬ҪιǡĴŭʦܣ棬󣬵λߣȴֱɱ
ৣ
ৣ
һǰһ󣬳Ժ
ȥ
ɶСӣжʯŭգԾǰȴ׷Ʋѣͷ㶨һӵʯԪͺľԼץסˡ
ʵҲˣһֱʯԪ
̶ʱ䣬Ʒʯʮ
ϼһ治ŹˡҲߣû뵽ͬţƤһ˦˦Ҳǽ֡
Ͼһʦܣ㳽һܣôʱ׷𣬾Ҳһһ̡
ڣ˵죬˳ǧ֮⡣
ѾʦܵĹΧˡ

һƺȻĳըԪͬڵһԺ󱳡
ӡͷһϼһͲסԼˣѾ׼ӡͷһƬŶͬɫ
飡
һ죬ȭâ˷ӡϣӡ𣬵ȴǵֵסһȭ
Ϲ۹䶾һ۾Ϳ˷ӡϹ̰֮ɫȵСӣֻҪԹԵĽĹеõĶϹϷһΣ
롣Ҳ;ܾϼһ˼ܣϼ޻Ļ
ϷҪʬΡ
˻һ̤¡ͷϿճһ磬Хͬǧεһ㡣
ָֻ֣ţ⣬ͬצһ㡣
ৡһ£צųԺһץʱһζĴצץ򳽻ԣ͸ռ䣬졣
ԼͷҲأֱӴӡ
顪
ӡڽצϣʱӴһ죬ֻ貣
Ȼһצͬ죬ӡֻǼƬ̣ͱצķ˳ȥ
ৣ
Դһӣӡץסϣֳ齣ͽӳ֯Ĺԡ
Ԫ
һԻ齣ʱֻ룬һռ䡣


741 սʦ
ৣ
󣬳Լûκεͣ˶ȥĿȴĶ
Сӣµ㻹ӵ𣿡Ц
˵գ˲ͳ˽ռ䣬廬ٶȾȻ󽵡
ȤΪܹϷ𣿡ֻһԾ˵
ֻ˫ֻӶ
أ
һը죬ռ侹ȻӲĺˡ
˻ǳҲǵһʦܾԲԼֵܹģһһʦܣʵҲԷͬСɡ
Ҫ֪ǽռһα˷ʽӲƽ⡣
ʦܵĿ֮
ƿأ¯࣬ҸӵѧУȴǿΪ򵥵ķʽʩչʦǿܹġ
ʦܣһĴڡ
˿̣Ծսսգ˼ܣƽռһ˲͵ͷӡ˳ȥ
¡
һ죬ͬɽ̩ɽѹһ㣬ݺݵĴ
թСӡ
û뵽ԻһУʱŭһȭϯڣһͽӡ˳ȥ
һץջطӡ齣
ལ꣡
һʩչǾԵɱУûнҡ
ùŹֵĽʲôʦܣལ껹δٽѾ֮
ʦܵݣκվ̵ܹʱڷӦ
Բལ꣬ҲǴһץһ֧ʯ䵽ϡ
һֻȭͷֵʯʽͨͨʯûзֺ𣬵ֻʯȴһеϹ
ʱһɺƴϢʯϴ
ӡϢȻϵʯҪǿóʯ֮ɫ̰ϾϹɲ·ߵĴײˣ񵽾ܹ񵽵ġ
һҪԵķӡ֡
ȻڵõڹĹеõĶԼ˵ͻʮ޷ͻƵϰʦ
뵽Ǹӵļˡ
أ
ûκԥʯ϶»£ռֱӱѹһƬ
ˣ
ལնʯϣһ죬ལ꾹Ȼʯֺ
ˣ¶˾ɫ
Сӣڷֵ˰ɣϹ˲ҵģʵʵĸҹģϷͽķѣɱùͷûС׽˳еľɫǹЦ
ˣ
Ŀ磬ƺΰ֣ȫԪӿһɼɢ
񽣣
齣⽻֯һǰȻһ澵ӣһԹһ˳һն¡
ռѧС㾹Ȼ˿ռѧĿɿڴ˵ģͬһ
ɱ˵ˣܴǲģҶ㲻á
죬ٶȸ죬ʯӶɽɫ䣬һɫ̲ͬһɢǾһ̱
Сӣ
ĿɭĶųԣԲ˼ٶ׷
ʦҲ̫˰ɣɫ䣬ͷһ齣ֻһӵıϡ
ֻ˽߿ĳ޹ɫҲоκϢ
ֻڽϣ׭֣
ڡ£߿ǣձС
ϹӹĹеģһϹ֣һ۾ϳˣʱһЦۣû뵽ϷȻܹõϹҲ

ҲһһǳȻ
ǳԼĹǱǵ
ʶ׽
Ǳͻʦ󣬸ݱǵԴĽǺεȼͲö֪ˡ
ֻһ㣬˵̰ʦԴĽ
Ҳˣ˱ʵĳƺš
ҲǱʸϹʦ죬ܹӳܡ
ৣ
һӶͣͬǳһ㼤䵴
ǳ֮һȻͬ졣
ˣ
峽Եı˫ʯҶһռ䲨Ƹ֣һѷ졣
ǿռѷ죡
ֻʦֶܵΣܹƿռ䡣
ǶԳԴ˱ɱ˼ԾͲ֣óʦֶܵΡ
ѵ
İӰХ£ʵһ㣬˱ϣͬһɢ
СӣŸոյõ񽣣ηӳЦ˵
Ŀʹһռ㲨ƣµķ籩

Ȼŭһ£һµĿռѷڳԵͷ·Ҫһ
أ
ʯ£ֱȥͷӡԻ˳ȥ
ۣһѪֽ
Ѷгȵ
ƥѣȫ塣һһѪȻռѷ֮УӰ
ʲôʧɫҪ׷ȥȻǿµĿռ籩ȴ˳
һŭɫߺ˵ȫûˣռ֮УϷҲСӲʦһ·һ
֮һƬޱ޼ʵĺ󣬽
ƣ಻ʤ
ͬʱҲڶ࣬ǿƣƣ̸ᡣ
壬塣
ֻҪʵ㹻ǿ󣬾Ϳȥ̾һΪ
ȳ
Ƽҡҡ塣
Ƽҵʵ


742 
̳ǹȳĳУҲפء
ƼҸۡռطԲʮ̨ͤ¥СˮӦоУԺﻨ㣬пչ֮һ֮
һӻ£ͤͤһŮˣ񻣬Ϻ˿һйüĿ续ò绨
Ƽҵ飬塣
һòǻ۲Ůˡ
ֻȴһݣͬǳһ㣬ʧȥ
С㣬ڸô죬үҪˡһŮһѾһǵ˵
ԣ̾һ
ʱѾԱߵһȴЦС㣬ˮڣ˵
ԣ㲻ͲҪϹ˵үǰ˽ʦǿߣҹȳһţСҲĶ֡Ѿ߲˵С˲μλ䣬ʱõμӰٵսСҪ޸ү
Ѿ߿еүȫƣıá
˵ѾүƼҵĻ˭æ
ˣǳ˵Ķԣˮڣûа취Ҿͼ޸ɡһ̾¶֮ɫ
СģһжתġԵͷЦ
ͷҲǿգԼһҪˡ
ռѷʱ򣬳ԭΪԼ棬û뵽ʱԼѾƼҡ
ǰλС
תۣѾȥ꣬ԵҲѾָòˡ
ƼڵĴҲ˽һЩ
ҡҡƼңƼҵʵҺҶ̲Ƽҡ
ԣƼҵļɽٵս飬סƼڹȳĵλǳΪȳһ塣
ٵսǶһʢ
һ֮Уʵǿļμӣÿһ춼һЩǿļ壬ֻһȳҲˣҡҺƼҶһ
ԣҪһ䡣
ʤߣʹȳɳʵǿĶӵܲμӰٵս
ֻҪȡͻõ磬徳ڰ˴Ľ
ڰٵսУӱļӣԵõӷḻŴ
ңԴֻƬ֮л֪˴彫һӵѡǰʮˣǿ߻ս
Դޣȴ壬Ѫսűסڶĵλ
ȴһԼǾÿһ֮꣬䣬һζԾ
ȻԾ֮Уעǵ졢ʯӴ
֮ٵսĳ֣һжΪڶȥ
ˣĵСȥͻû֮ء
ԣ԰˴ΪӰٵս
֮һ仰ֻҪļܹڰٵսУӱǾͻܵ˴һԾΪͼ塣
ƼڹȳѾʽ΢Ȼΰٵսʮֿˡ
ϣƼܹȡȳμӰٵս
ȳļ嶼֪ƼҶ֮УֻŮǰ˽ʦΪƼҶΪߵˡ
ҺҶУơӢˣһ˽ʦӵܣ˶ԿƼҸûʤ㣬һʸûС
ɽ޳ȥãȴһʲĶӣˡ
ΪơӢΪ൱Ժʹ˶һϸ£ȴһҪ۳ɰܣϣܹӭȢΪޡ
ɽտʼȻԸһŮ޸ƣζƼҶҵ
ֱǱ̲Ƽң
Ϊֻǹȳһ壬ҪĶ̼޸Ƶİְ̩ʲôǣû뵽ƺ丸׾ȻһλᣬҪ̲Ƽҡ
ɽȴͬˡ
֪ƾ壬޷Ƽȡʸ񣬵ʱһ󣬿¾ûƼҵ飬ٵĽ֮
ԣȻ֪̩ƸӵıҲòӦ
ϾƼҺһϵܱȱһúá
Ͳϲƣ̸޸ˡ
ԣŻڹ°̾
˳ԵȻԸ޸һϲˡ
ߣһ죬ʲôöûУ֪С㵱ͲӦþ㣬ˡѾһ˵
С죬סڡü˵
ǡС죬ܺ޵Ŀ˳һۣ˵ˡ
ԣѾõòˣʲôʱߣһ˫Ŀ䵽˳ϣǴӺｫԾȻģʱѪ˺ۡ
СҪ𣿡Ц
ȻǣֻҲˣƼܷҴȥһȷ飬㲻ƼҵˣҲܵǣҡͷ˵
ǣ߰ɡСҲ˵ղҲֻԼﲻСæԲԡ
ˣһס죬СҪߡҡͷ˵
Һĺ⣬㡭ˣɣҪסþסáԲһŭҡͷ˵
㣬԰ˡʱһ꼱ҴõܣƷ磬һ߽ʦΪ
ʲôüʵ
Ҳ֪ڴдǡƷ˵
ߣȥ˵
ԼˣҲ
С˳һۣȴûж˵ʲô
ǰԺС
ɽһŹʮ㡣
԰˵ɣʲô飿ɽޱʵ
԰һ꣬Ĳߣһ˫ۣЦһһţɽɫȴЦǺǵ˵ƼҴǰΪҺƼҵδ
ֱ˵ɡɽһ˵
ǺǣֶŮУνɲŮòһ԰԰ЦǺǵ˵ֻҪƼҺʱȳҵģƼΰ


743 Գ
ʱ˳˵Σ԰߰ɡ
ϣֶŮԽԽƯˡ԰壬һĴ˵ֶŮƿҵһҵļòӢ츳ף֮ϰ
ɫԽԽ䣬԰ȴǷ·ûпһ㣬˵ˣѾõϹټϹүʶҴһ껵
ʲô
껵֣һ䣬ɽɫ䡣
Ǻǣ֮󣬾ǾŽʦǿߣǸʱɽ壬ΪƼһʤ𣿡԰һ⣬ĳ˵ɽ֣ؿһ£ҪԼΪذ
ͻƾŽʦҲ޸ҧ˵
ƼҲ˼𣿡԰˵
Ȼȥҿһ¡ɽ˵
ߣɽ壬㻹ʲôǵģƴܹ壬ƼһӵĸǿҪϹټҵշƼӦףȻǺô֮࣬ٺ١߳˵
˵ٺһЦȴû˵ˣɽԼ˼
ѵΪƼҲɣơɽ˵
̫ˡƷŭ
Ʒ磬˵ķ𣿸ҹһȥ˵
ҹƷŭԼҾȻ˽йӳһȭͺ
һЦһȭͷϡ
飡
һ죬ʱƷҽһ˳ȥ
㡭ۡƷʱһѪ
̫һӳһ˦һ
״ǺһЦָһǽĳ˻ȥȻ˵壬Ѿǰ˽ʦˣǿпܳΪƴӵķϣһ߽ʦҶ֣һɱ㡣
ʲôԽһĲš
ɽһһ
Խĵ⡣
ɾʱһ߳˵С㣬㲻Ǹ𣿡
˻һʱһž
Իǳ˳ȥæе
ƼĽˣһҲҳлһ㶣Ժ󣬶ʱЦһ˵̸ٵǸҪ
𣿡ֻЦǰ
ŭ
ž
ȻȻǰһʱۡ
һǽѵСĲ֮ԹˡԵ˵

ʱɽ԰һ𾪡
ԣ㡭ɵôģһ˼ģ
ҴңŭҪɱ㡣
Ҵľ㡣˵ֻһ̤һ˳ȥ
ž
ֻҽһֱӱȷ˳ȥѪһ㿴ųԣ˵㣬㵽˭
԰ɽһ𾪣ǰ˽ʦȻǰһƾȷ˳ȥʲôʵ
⻰ŷӦ
ãðԭɽһǿԮѹֲӦǲʹ˰ݵģߡ԰ӭųԵĿ⣬һ飬Ҳǰ˽ʦѣɲǳԵĶ֣æߡ
СѾȫͣȻ棬ʲôʵղԼһ͸о¡
ҵ찡˽ʦǿ߾Ȼһȷɣ㵽׾һʲôƷ֪ԵģֻһֱһԶܵ͵ƼҰͬһû뵽һ֣𾪡
Ϊһ֮ɽҲû뵽һֱĬĬŵĳԣȻʵһһֱԼƤӵ£Լȴʲôûп
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ԣղô£Ŵ۾˼ʵ
иͬˣţԼȵһ
Ҳܹһ˽ʦǿһȷɳȥԼʲô
͵أ𳽻Ըղ˵ĻС㣬ˮڣ˵
С㣬㲻ǶҲȻСѵһ£ĿˡԵȻ˵ǰˣ˳֣Ѿʩֶνѵһ£ȴǿԵġ
岻һòŽࡣ
ɽѾЦݣ˵ǰɣ
ԶԶԣԴ磬Ʒ缱æǰƺŶ˴֡
С˵
ꡣ״һЦ˵ɡ
áЦ
ȿȣֶ֪ˣɽɿ˼ʵ
סƼҲа֮ˣȴһֱûע⣬չ֣ȴԿڡ
Ʋֻһ֮أֵһᡣԵȻ˵
Ŷɽ¶ʧ֮ɫڳ˵һ֮أȻˣᣬȴӵ˿ʵȴ˵һ֮أ˭ţ
ԣһȷҪ֪ǰ˽ʦʲôΪҲ֪׵뷨ҧʵ
ʦ˵

ԣɽ常ŮƷ綼һ
⣬ôܣɽ˵
ûЦɣҲţʦܰѰ˽ʦһȷɣ
ԴһڿЦҿǾŽʦǿ߲ŶԡƷɫͣЦ
ûпЦȷʵʦֻʵǿһѡԼ״Ц
ɽһɣ˵ǲֶ֪ԸƼҵԮμ䣿
ԮɻʵΪˣҲԴƼҲμӱ𣿡
չأÿ嶼ȨһԮͷĿųԣ¶֮ɫ˵


744 ֮ϰ
Դ磬ʹӦɣҺ㶼ǵĶ֣ˣƼҿɾˡƷ缱˵
ǲСı𣿡üʵ
ϷȻ֪ƵľʵȴһĶ֡ɽ϶˵
ðɡԵͷӦо֮ǾԲֵġ
лл㣬ԡ˵
ǱСҵľ֮˵
ţɣССĽңҿɳܲ𡣡Ȼ֪Ի˼ѾӦ֣Ǻܸ˵˵
ǺãҾͽɡһ£Ц˵
š¶ʧ֮ɫ
ɽҲ׳Ե˼ֻǿо֮ϲųġ
ʱϹܼҼҴ߽үүˡ
ˣɽоһ˵롣
ףͷһæ˵
ģ֪ôɽ˵
ˣͷ
˵ȴɽ˵ֶɡ
áԵ
ɽ磬ϵ߶ˡ
һһЦֻһԸ˽̩ƸӶˡ
СֶƲĿϣȴһ˿ȵĹâ˵ûмãԽԽƯˡ
ǰֶŮҹȳһŮ̩ͷ˵ڿСӹȻɲŮò֮ϰ
ԡ岻˵ҺƴֻǱöѣûжŮ˽顣
ɽҲôΪ𣿡̩ɫ΢䣬ȴЦ˵ҽףϼװҲȷʵϲֶŮ㣬αһԾܾأ
Сֶϲõģͬ⡣ƹ˵
黹Ҳ˵ɡɽЦ˵Ů飬׵Ŀ
ʲôһ⻰̩ƸӶסˣоԼˡ
ɽ磬ѵڻƼҵֶŮƷ˵ʵδùƺӢˣ̩Ȼŭƽ͵˵ǰ˽ʦΪƶ൱һʸĪɽ𣿡
˭ôʱƷ˳ԣʵ
ﻹ𣿡˵
ˣʲôҸô˵ƴŭǳ̸ҹµǸҾһȡ㹷
أƣֶԮ̸Ǹɽһʮ˵
ʲôɽһʦȻԮûŪɣƺϺͿˣȴǿɻʵ
ɽ磬ûиһʦƼҵԮⲻǰƼ𣿡̩˵
ûиǸˣֶԮɽ˵ƣ̸ֶǸ
ʲôҪҵǸƴ󾪵
ѵʲôɣµɽҲֻйעһϣڳˣȻѡƣĿɭ䣬һɺƴϢɢ
ӣǸ̩ɽŭ˵
ǡƼɽȻĶŭҲһĲ鲻ԸĶԳ˵Բ𡣡ĿУȴһƬɭ䣬£һҪһ
šһ˿⣬ֻĮȻĵͷ
ˣȻֶԭˣǾ°ɡɽ˵³ƨˡ
ɽ磬ȻԮǲƳˣôǾ͸ˡ̩˳һۣһߡ
ɽϣ㲻ҪڡҲٿ˵
ɽȻŭİ
Ƽ״ŵüæ뿪Ƽҡ
ף֪̩ǵ˰ɣ˵
ˣ֪ˣģԺ󲻻޸ˣĲУһҾ뿪ȳɽͷε˵
㲻Ҫ̫ۣҪųԵʵ尲ο˵Ŀ򳽻ԡ
ɽģһȫΪġʱ˵
ΣҶҪлл㳽ԡɽֿ˵
ɽԵĹΡʵ
ÿһҸɳӵܣԣʤơɽ˵ѾãڶһƷڶ
ãһɽšԵͷʾû
ҡ
ɶɽ̫̩ڴػţһŭ˵ȻһʦԮʵд
ף㿴ڸô죿ĿһֱҪȡģû뵽ðһԳȴǼɵɽʵ˵һҪȡġ
ֻ֪ɽƥѾܾƼҲμӱ䣬Ҳ벻취̩ͷ̾
ֻĿ˸ӿһʦǾ޷ƼһʸģɽƥһǷˡ
˶٣̩˵˵ѾõϹټϹǵʶ껵ʮ֮˾ܹͻƾŽʦʱƼʲô
ף˵Ϲ֧֣һΪҹȳһ塣˵
ˣҼпܻ̲ƼҺҡ۾гһ˵
ƴһ˵ףɣ
᣿̩ЦҺҡƼ꣬Ϊһƣ޴
Ǹô죿ƾ
Ͷҡ̩һҧ˵
⣬ãͰո˵Ƴ˵ֻǣ˵ƶҲ˼ҵġ
ģô˵ڹȳҲһʵֻҪҪһͬġ̩˵
лסƴϲ˵
ţԻʱ䣬Ϊھȥҡ̩ͷ˵
ǡƸ˵



745 һ
Ƽҡ
¾Ѫˣʵ
ǵˣѾָʵΪһЩò˶ãͿͻװħˡ¾Ѫ˷˵
áҲǴϲ¾Ѫָװħ۵Ϊһʮ㡣
Ȼ֪½ǿߵΪ¾Ѫװħ۵Ϊ۰Եʵ
ֻħݣȴǲ¶档
ԣ¾ѪΪԵĳƣһ̣ǲΪ
һսҪԭ¾ѪڹĹ˴˯֮Уղѹ
ˣǺħ۵Ҫδã¾ѪȻʵ
ʲôõ飿ʵ
֮˹ھµѧ츳ͻʦֱ練ƣʦҲ޿ܣȻˣ˺βħ۵ĵڶأ¾Ѫ˵ʶѾĨȥֻҪ˷ֳԼһ꣬ںϣµꡣ
ȻһںϣͿƳڶ¾Ѫ˵һ˾͵
⣬ͻʦȴûҵϹŴôҲԵڶħķʽ뿪½¾Ѫ˵
һ㣬һҲ뿪ˡԵ˵
ˡ¾Ѫͨһ˷ռ棬ϻ̳Ͽֵ˵ֻµһ˽Ķѣοţȴֻطʵ㲻ֵ
ˣˡԣԳʵҪ󣿡
ҲҪʦߵ壬ȻʦǿߵĻǾ͸ˡ¾Ѫæ˵
ã鲻ϾڵңʵʵܹնɱʦܣȴģȻҪƵڶȻҪõ죬ٲҲҪǸ߽ʦܰɡ˵
Ӣ¾Ѫά˵˸հԶ¾Ѫ֮һ
ˣƨˣͰڷռɣһġ˵
ˣСѾͷھҪˡ¾Ѫ˵
Ѿ֪ռߺͫԳа򸾣Ҳ֪߻
Ӧûа𣿡ʵ
ŵʱҲ˵һʱŴȥ
ģӦΪ˹ĹеѾͷҲմ˹⣬ǰ³¾Ѫ˵
˵⻰ҲƣԭǹĹеǿһͻװħ۵ģΪһδͻơ
ˣ֪ˡԷ·о¾ѪеƣǺЦ
󣬸¾Ѫϵ
Կʼ
֪ʱ͹ȥˡ
Դ硣
˴ͼƷӭǼΪԡ
ɽԹ˵
ţǳɡɽͷ˵
һףۼǾɫŮӣѹƺƶĲѡ
ֻٴԳԣȴһ˿нҲǰôˡ
áǶƼңԶ֪ԼֻһͶѡ
һ㣬ȻҲס
縸ԣ񳽻ͣﵽ˾أһǷǿ򵥡
ԣȻԳкøУȴǱһЩ롣
һ˺ƺƵĴ
һĹ㳡ǧ֮һɿĸ̨Ѿλá
ֻչӭɵˣһʢ档
ҺѾ
ڴ֮ǰѾ֪ҶӵƺӢʵǿ
ԣ˾ơĿһŲ¹ڳ˵
ûʮܹ꣬ͻƵ˽ʦȴǷͬ졣
ԵĸоѾͻƾŽʦΪֻһַڸԼϢ
ףûͻƾŽʦɽĿһۣ˵
ѾͻˣֻڸϢԵ˵
㿴ĳɽҪ֪ȻûͻʦȴǼ޾Žʦǿߣû뵽ȻδܿƵΪоȵͬʱ𾪳Եʵ
㵽ʲôΪ忴򳽻ԣ¶ɻ
ˣֻķܹ˵ΪѣʦЦ
ԭˣһΪһϹءԳһЦ˵
ҵϣֶϹ֣һƼҲͶȹѹˡɽ̾һ˵ʧܣ뿪ȳ
ס֪ƼǸһĻҵҪ뿪ȳ˸Ứ
ƷҲֹ
ˣҲûа취顣ɽ̾һŮᣬæЦǺǣҲֻδѶѣҲֶܹһҲ˵
ԣԴһܹȷˣ;ŽʦδزһսƷ˵
Ǻǣ⵹ʵֻǲ֪ƵʵΣԺǺһЦ˵
ֻ껵ͻƾŽʦ޷ǰͻƣҹʵͨŽʦˮ׼߲ɽ
Ҳô롣Գ˵ֻδûкһʸ񡣡
ɽ常ŮԾĿųԣж֮ɫ
Դ磬Ҿ֪д¡Ʒ˷˵
ˣ߰ɡɽԲ٣ҲʮָˣοҲûѵıҪ
ƣôҲȻɽü˵
Ȼֻվơ
󲮣ƲͶ˰ɣƷ˵
ס˵
ö˵ˣ֪ɽ˵Ϊһ֮ȻֻԼ÷ͶԼĵˡ
ƴ磬Сӣֻָ˵
ʦȷû
ƸоޱȣһʦȻһ˽ʦǿһȷ˳ȥ


746 Ե
ƴ磬ûпҧгݵĿųԣ˵ƴҪúýѵһ٣֪ȳġ
ˡһ˿ɱ⣬ͷ˵ǾŽʦǿߣһʦûп
˵ʲôǳôˣɻʵ
ҡɫ࣬ԼǱһȷɵ飬ȴûϸ˵
ʲô
ƣ丸̩Ҳˡ
ǳϣ
ôܣ
Ӷ˶ţ԰ȼλ϶û˵һɱɭȻӣ̩Ӷš
µĶ𾪣
찡ǳʲôʦܰ˽ʦҲ̫˼˰ɣ
ӶһۣɽΪδӦóԮԼˡ
ǲǣҾȻûнôҪϢǡ
ǺǣҪһԶѣ¾ԸɱɱƺǺһЦ¶ɭ׵ݣ˵ڱ̨ʧɱƼҲκβҰɡ
⣬˵ǡ̩ҲǵˣȻѾͶңȻһ·ߵˡ
ߣǳԵҵ֣Ӧðɱվǻᶪġ˵
־͵ȥΪްɡЦ
лƹְݵ
ãƹЦ
ҼҲǸޱȣջ̩
ʵϣƸӶѾˣȡôȳμӰٵսʸ񣬵õ˴ʹ֮ʱʵǳһʦܶ˵ʱҺƼңֱǷڶ顣
Ǹʱ򣬹ȳҵˡ
뵽һ㣬ƸӶж¶ҰĲ˼
ɶû뵽ͻƾŽʦˡӢ˵
ҵļ֮ϢأңµϹټеĵλ
ϹټҪλǾǴ˿ɵ
ңѾ֪ͻƾŽʦͻư˽ʦ̩ƸҲͶңһһɾ˽ʦһŽʦǿߡ
ҵȻƼҺһЩӢǿ˽ʦǿߣҲҵĶ֣ʲôȥƴ
뵽硣
ף˭ȻɽԱߵĳԣһ˵˺ҷ̳ǵˡ
Ҳ֪Ӣ˵
ΪҺ̩ûнһȷƼԳΪԮ˵ȥһ֪гһˡ
һ֮һ۳ԣü˵ӺǿԪ
ףǿʦѡӢм˵ǣʲô
šͷȻ˵ɽԮɣ
ԮӢһ㶣ҡͷ˵ⲻܣһʦԮⲻЦ𣿡
ͷ˵ֻͷɻ
ͬʱһ˵ǼֱĹΣѵôǼҷǰɣ
ˣ˸־ɽ̾Ҳŭû뵽Լ÷Ȼȥ˶ԸԼ

һһм߳˵ڿʼ峤ǩ

£ȫڡ
ͬһʱ䣬ɽǩ
˵Ŀһǳ絶·ˣײǿҵĹԡ
һĻ˾
Ǽ޾Žʦʵ𣿡˫貹â˸ӡӡԣǿնɱǸһʦܡ
ৣ
ֻͬһʱ䶯֣ȡһ֧ǩ
һšɲ˵
šɽһۣһ˿֮ɫ˵
š̾һ˵
ãǩϣһֱԣҶҡ֤˸˵
һӮˣˣҲȳμӰٵսֺ˵ûзֺĻᡣ
ߡһתλϡ
¹˭֣һءɽ˵
ơҲ˵ɽվƼû֮ա
˵գ沿ЦĿɽһۣҡڵĻصλϣ˵һϰɣϣ㲻Ҫʧ
ǡƺ͸̩һۣͷ
Ӷ˶֪ҪǸӶ˵Ͷ״չֳԼļֵ
˵̩ӹ˳ңһʽס
ৣ
Ŀ̰Ŀһۣϱ̨˵ƣ֪λֵ̨ͽ̣

ʱӢӶ˶ɫһѿޱȡ
û뵽Ƶһ̨Ҳǰ˽ʦ磬һΪǿͻѾаܹ࣬Ӣ
ȻӢǿ˽ʦǿߣӢԸƣǿԸġ
̨ȴǴĲá
ֶ̨ɡǰһ˵
ֻ߽ʦƵĶְ̾
ֶ̨֪Ҿ͸ûлᡣһϽ˵
ȥɡһįĻ˵
õСģֲ֧סɣ⻹ǵһ֡Ӣ˵
֪
Ƶͷһתһ紵̨˵ƣս㡣
ߣһ߽ʦҲҶ֣ǲ֪˵
ٷϻ˵ɡŭ
֪Ķ
һЦ˫ֵƣ뺣ͻɽɽ֣Ʋɵ
ˡ
ƿܹӢһս˽ܣĶ֣
ûа취飬ϾǱ߿һŽʦǿߣ˽ʦңƼңҵĶְһαѾɶˡ
ȳԵۡ


747 ŵ
һԣȻǲ룬ȴغǼ˹ȳİ˭
һȻѾȷ
ң
ȳδİ
õ˴֮һϹټֵ֧ңȻ뺣Ծˡ
ԣЩҲΪס
ҺƼңȻҪ
ɽ̨ԸƣҲҡͷ
סϲǵ
û¡ɽ˵ֲ֧˶ã׼Ϣһ°ɡ
šĬĬͷĿ˳һۣ¶â
ˡԷ·ûпһ㣬˵
أ
Ի䣬һӱ̨ϴֻƱһȭɳȥѪ硣
˵һĿһۣ±̨
һԣһʤ֤˸˵
һûս
ȥɡͫ˸âޱ˵
ಣ
ֻûκγɣһâ˸֮䣬˱̨ϡ
ףȥˡ
ǿһ罭ӷڣƮƮ䵽̨һĿƵĿ
һΪ˶ǰ˽ʦΪ
ǿҺˣڵȵˡЦ죬ҾҪ˵棬㡣
°ܽҲҿڳԣҴ򣡡
ǿĿ࣬˫񱩣̵Ϣͬʳһ㡣
ͻư˽ʦܹԳƺ°ܽ
ǿçҵõϹʹͣͻư˽ʦϰͨٴҡ
ԲѪ˫Ŀɺ죬綾ߣǣӭȥ
ԣ㿴Ƕ˭ʤʵ
ʵ޼ʱԷֳʤ˵
ֶȻĿ棬ͻư˽ʦȷʵѴǿҵкСɽĿ˳һۣ˵Ϲټʹ͵ҩҲͰˣʹֶΣɲ
ɽ˵Ĳ޵Եͷ˵
ǿǺΣգʵɲϣʤ
ȿɡɽε
Ϲټҵ֧֣˵ûֶΡ
׷ģһͻư˽ʦһԴӢܿ϶˵
ҲֻϹټҸֶΡһ֮һ仰͵˹ؼ
ɶ벻ףΪϹټѡңңӢ˵
ԣСĶĿһæ˵
֪Ӣεͷ
ȴǸޱȣЦһӮˡ
ԼǣǿȻʵǿһߣϹټʹ͵ӣһԴǿЦ˵
һԣ̩ƸӶһĬȻ
ƸһЦ仰ڸ̩ӶˣϹټҵ֧֣ͲҪзǷ֮롣
̨ϣ಻죬ֻԪ죬˷ڣȭâ͵âӳ֡
糽ԣǿʵ޼ʱںѷֳʤ
ߣ°ܽ㲻Ҫ
ǿ˫ۣƶ˫ţϢƴ󣬾Ծһ㻢ŭ֡
ɶ񡣡
ֶξҲ޷ǿбƣǿ⻰ĲѪ
ӣ㲻Ҫš
ŭɽһ㣬бɫ󵶻նɽһĽնǿ
𣡡
ǿҲǺǵģʵ׺ȭͣܲ͸磬Ұ֮磬һͷܣڼ̤ɽӣɽһ㡣
ҵġ
Ӷˣ˻һһ׳һöɫ衣
Ϲټʹ͵ɱӡ
Žʦǿһ

ֻ˫һ̱ըһֱȾͬīһȾһٶȳǿ
ۣ
ǿ˫Ŀɴ󣬵ȴ޷ֵݺݳ˳ȥѪֱȥˡ
ǿų̆ǿ㾹ȻΥԹ򣿡
ߣƥҺΣ֪Ϲټҳһ֮£ֱͦ˵
Сŭ
ҪʲôһԾ̨ǳﲮǸûйءȴǿûа
˿̣ʵΪϹټ֧֡
ǣﲮСֶղʧִǿǶԲ𡣡һЦװģĵǸ
ߡһͷŭȴûг֣ǿ±̨
ܡӢŭޱȣɱ˸
ৣ
ʱŵ̨ˡ
Ϣʵڷ裬ħȫ⣬ûԣһͷһ㡣
ƣ
һ̣˵ĿⶼϣоǹɺƴϢɫ䡣
ﲮѾѾˣ֪ǻҪս𣿡ĿһУûнΪҲǾŽʦǿߣս﹤ʵ
ףȥӢֺ˵
һۣ˵һ䡣
סӢһʵ˵
̨ҲûˣѾˡ˵ѾǾŽʦΪ򲻹
סӢԵͷһ
ãﲮǿܣǲҵġƹЦ
һ֣Ҷңһʤ֤˵ڿʼҶƼҵıԣһʼ
һɡǰһ˵
ãȻˣˡƼʶȤͬԼĳһ㣬˵
ֿˡ˵


748 ǿ
ৣ˵ۣͬһ⣬䵽̨ϣ壬һƬȣܿĿ䵽˳ϣЦеƣƼҴͽ̣
ߡɽһ˵Ʒ磬ȥɣס˵
ǡƷͷϱ̨
Ʒ磬ǰɡ˵
ƣƼҶ㲻û뵽㾹Ȼ˶ԸƼңֱ硣ƷԶʱɽУ
Ҵ򡣡
ƴŭȭͣɽĺƷϣһ죬Ʒҽһǵ˱̨
Ʒ硣ɽɫ䣬æǰסƷ磬ŭƣ㾹ȻԼôص֣
ֿԡ˿˵
㡭ɽŭ
ףҪҵ߹ǿƷ˵ôˡŭɫһۣȰ踸˵
һ±̨
ãɵĲƼ˵ȻǺֶΡ
ֹˣԣǾ·˵
̩üͷһ壬ȴû˵
֪һԼӶѾҰһˡ
˵ĺáһţȴǿ佱
󣬶˵ˡ
ģһҶ˵
˵꣬৵һ£䵽̨ϡ
ֶˡɽ˵
ɽΪƵĶ𣿡üʵȻԴԲŽʦǿߵĶ֣һǶһƼҰܾ֣ɲǳ뿴ġ
ǡɽŮһۣҡͷ˵ûбˡ
ףڶŲ̊ɣ˵ҿԴɳԶԸƣ˵һ˿ᡣҧ˵Ψһİ취
ðɡɽĬõͷ˵Сġ
Ů֪һƬᶨĵͷϣĿ˳һۣϱ̨
㲻ҵĶ֣ɡǿĴҲǾԼµһ
¹˭ֻһأ
߳һ˾ͬõ廨Ʈɶɢķ㣬ֵݳವһͼһ̳֮βһɨ
֣顣Ƽ˼æ˵
ֹȻǶˣҲգҾһһ˵
˵䣬󵶻裬룬֯зϵϢ
ߣɽΪͿлʤ𣿼ֱǳΡһ˵
˵ĶԣȻܹܶܣԣҪһƵ飿ӣͬѲΣԵޱȵ˵οֶܵλûȫóܷʤ˵
ЦȳעҵģҲֻҲϹȳһĳƺţ¡
ԣƿЦ˵ⶼϹʹͣҳưԡ
š׵ͷÿɷ񣬵ȴһĨ⡣
ףϹ֧֣ҲվǳɾʦҲ£ʱҾһǿˡ˷ܵ˵
һжƶĹ͡Ц˵
ǺǣȻûʧʮغϣذܡƺǺһЦ̨˵
ֻսһţϼɽȪˮȪ¡
ȴû˽֮һ£֧ˡ
ΣաɽȻ˵һƬǡ
󲮣ô죿ƷѾѣֻǻָ˴룬岻Уǻɫ
ƼҴȥɽ̾˵
ˣҲüͷһ塣
ɣ
̨ϣǷڣ˫ſ趯ɽǧɽˮͬڳˢ
롣
µĵһףѹƵ޷Ϣˡ
ֻɿ֧ţȴֻм֮ûз֮
Ƽ䡣̾
ףǺãѵĿ󲻳ɣӢ˵
Ϲټҵķ֣Ƕ֣Ц
ԣӢͬʧȥ˼һϡ
飡
羪İֻһɫڶͬϿƲһ㣬ϣ۵һһѪɳȥ

ɽ̨±̨æµҩ
ڶƼһʤ֤˸˵

ʱȫ𶯣˳
ӮˣȳμӰٵսʱҾǹȳһ˰
ǰ˵Ϲټҵ֧֣Բ鰡
ӽԺҺƼ֮أ
˶ڸ֪̾ȳֽ仯仯Ҳغǵ
Բ𡣡һ˫һ˵
ˣƼ뿪ȳǡɽ˵
˫ᣬѡ
ৣ
ʱԴһƵվ˱̨ϣĿƵĶɽʵɽ常ƼʤѶ֪ɽ常кλҪ˵
޻˵ɽ̾һӢ۳ĺ֮ɫ
ԷЦ֮ⲻѡ
󲮣ǻлᡣƷ缱˵ǿǿԴǿ
ʲôǿɻʵ
Ʒָ㳡֮һ˵հѰ˴Ĺ涨ֻҪ˿ԴǿͿԻòμӰٵսֻǧҲֻ˴ǿһɹ
ɽƷԾʵоһʵ
ȷʵ涨ǿƣʮµʦ߲УƷԣһǧв˴ǿûһɹɽ˵


749 
ȻˣҾǿк֮Գ˵ɽƼĻᡣ
ֶˡɽԼĿų˵У̳УƼҲҪݻҵ
סԵͷ
áɽҧͷ߳˵ƼҾǿ
ʲô
˻һҺҶһͷЦɽҿǷˣǿǳ𣿡
вв˵㣬˵㡣ƽ˵
ãҵҪʦǿɫ˵
ǿɽĪǷ˲һʦȥǿԲܳɹ˵
ɽ常ǱϾ·ˡӢ˵
ãǹǽˣҾҪһߣȥǿֱǳţ»ȡ·׺ݵĶųԣһм˵
ãƼǿ봳˿ʼ֤˵
ֶɽԳ˵
ܿ죬һǿ¡
оأÿһ׸ߣ֮֮⣬Ҳǿߡ
ǿ
һǰǿ˵
ֶСġɽ
Сġ˵
Եͷӽǿ
ߣɽӾԲܳɹͲҪĴˡ˵
޹ءɽ˵
㲻ҪˣҲǿΣһûгɹƾһܹɹ𣿡˵
ߡһ⻰ɽɫѿһ
ˣٺһЦⲻѡ
ˡ
ʱ˵
̧ȥֻһڵأضȥ
ǰضڸ߽ʦ˵Ǻ״ģأǲά裬Ѵ
ڵҼǿǰ˶顣
˴ȥġ
۷׷ףҡͷóܹȥ
ˡ
ô죬ˡ
ô죿
ɫ
ɽ常ŮǼ
ߣأɲǵô򵥣ȥ˵
˵
ȥˣˡʱƷȻ˷ܵĺ
ˣͬ˺ݺһ⣬ղ˵Դȥû뵽˼ôʹȥˡ
ɫһݣеƶ
ףȥˡҲû뵽Ȼôʹ˵أضȥû˿ԥǿ
һأ
ڶأ
أ
գ۹ƾ͵˵ء
һֵ˵ء

һƬȻ󣺡ǾŽʦǿߣô̵ʱھ͵˵أǱǳǿˡ
ߣҶǾŽʦǿߣĻʿɱǳԴˡ˵
ˣɽ常Ůɫѿû뵽Ҳǿˡ
ͣˡȻָص֮λ˵
Ϸ˵ȥġ״Ц
˲ɽš
ɡɽԭûбϣͣڵ֮£̲ס¶ʧ֮ɫ
ߣһʦѣҲҴǿǲ֪Ц󷽡˵
ˣ
Ȼʱ֮µĹȻһȻϵء
ܡʧ
Ҳǲţɫѿ
á෴ɽȴ˷ܵĴһ鼤
ԣһҪɹշȭĿһŹâ
ϵˡ
ͻȻ˾ڳԵϵأƾ͵˵ǿ
ߣϵΣҶһʤʱӮĻҡ˵
ǣƴһģһм˵
ˣɽɫأһʱ
ȴǸӵˡ
ǿС
ڵغ͵ڰǿ֮䡣
ǿȻȻԿߵսɡ¶â˵
ԭÿһǿһܡ
̵ʱڣֵֶӶߡ
˿̣ԾԵڰصĿܡ
Ȼûʤһһʽ̺豹棬Դ
۳ʩչκʽһһ֮䣬ҵԵӶƳԵķ
ȴóǳ֪ѧͶ̴һܹƣ޲ѧ
ʱĳԣͬһ¶۵ͰܾͺñˮһͰ©ðˮ˳ԾͲֱá
ֻǣȴ֪Ҫ󴳹ӵмߵ츳սɣ޷ʱ޲©ôˮͻᳬ©ͰðôҲǴʧˡ
ֻһ
Ƽ򵥣ʵӡ
ΪսɷḻܹԴĳԣҲǵһ֪˶©
̸ȱݣ޲ٶȿ쵽ױȡ
ԭֻһ㣬ǾΪЩѧԼԴģе˽⣬ʱ޸ġ
֮Դѧ˽⣬Ҳ޷ϤԴԭߵĻϽ޸ģ
ǳԵһơ
˿̣ǿڵõ쾡µķӣţѧͬһԲڲ޽Уˡ
һһУԶѧ˽⣬žĸı䡣
󲻵ġ
ˣ
ʱƵ˵ء
ԣǰעʧɫƿЦսһܣֱ·սױȣ˵һԲôһԲ̬Ѿﵽ״̬
ıһ˻ƽǹԪƽսӿ졣


750 ǧһ
ҹ
һ˲䣬ɽӣܿܣϵڰء
Сﱸĥɡ
ڰشǲһĴЦ

ֳ齣ɱƵԪ䶯һǰɱ޿ƥС
Ƴϵڰˣ
ǿ⣬˾
ƶģñ˿ʰɣЩĿ֪ʲôšЦ
ƴɵúáҲǼ
ɽ常Ů˺ƷȴǽޱȣѾ
Ϊ˿̳Իڵء
ˣƼĻҲûˡ
ߣҲʲôˣǸʦԱȽϵģ
ҹȳһˡ
˶ƣӸˡ
ʲôҶʱڴսڰصĿܣս߰ؿһۣһ
УԾһһ档

ʱȻһĵֻһŽХ
ǳԣ˭
ҵҲˣԿƣ䲻ȵ˵
ɶҳЦң֪˭ɣƱŭ
ƾ𣿡Ц˵㻹ǹ˼Լɡ
⧲֮£Ʊˡ
ˣ
ʱԸԵĿܳˡ
ƣȥ֮һҪÿƻвɱ⣬ųԺݺ˵
𣿡һĨɱ齣콣ƥܣὭ޼᲻ݣһ˿ܡ
֮ǰԾѾﵽ˽Ȼľ硣
ڷ豹棬͵ؿһսĽѾﵽһʮ״̬ǵڰصĿܶѰֺ
ûôܣʧ˵
ķ֪ʲôЦ
ৣ
˵գԾȻһƵĿϣǿ⵽ػƳ˳ȥ
㡭ۣƴʧɫףֵסܵײֱӱ˳ȥѪ
ȥˣﰤɡЦ˵
ɶĳԣĲ㡣Ѫû뵽˼թȻÿܹԼֱɱ˿ܸͲᣬҹ
Ѿ˵ھء

ʱǿһƬ
⾪ΪƣΪԡ
⣬ⲻܣ˵ɫһ˿仯
ôܣҲǾ֮š
κƸӶ΢΢ɫ䣬ԵϵھضǿɲǺϢ
̫ˡ
һ̣ɽ常Ů˺Ʒ綼Ǽ֡

ͻȻһҽУֻƱ׷˳
ʲô
˴󺧣û뵽ƾȻʧˡ
ǵ󣬱ϾƿǾŽʦǿߣΪȳԸ߳ףȴʧܣ۳Ե˵ھء
δҲ̫۾˰ɣ
ɶ񡣡̽סƣһʵƶû°ɣ
ףǳԾһСˣҾȻÿܹңһʵ˵
ʲôǳСֱܻ˵
ߣǿûءɽ˵
δ̫ˣǳԻûдھأҲʱ˵ȡңϣƼңΪʤһֵĻᶼûУƼңһֻᡣ
ߡһ࣬һɱ
ڻݺݵ˵ҾͲţܹھء
ǧǿˣûһҲǧˣƾҲܹȥ˵
ˣҲȻĳԴȥ
ɽŮҲһĽţǲ볽Թһ
һʱ䣬˶ŹעǿǵԴ
ʱһʷпĿ顣
ԭΪԼѧѾȻԿܵһ̣ٳ
ͬһѧĺͯڵĶʯӵ·ϣʱпܵ
ϣ·˽ۣѪ
һ̣Դн
Գв౾Դ壬ָˣˣ޸ֱһս񣬲֪ƣ롣
ܿ죬͵ҹ
˶Ѿˣ˼顣
ܡ֣ﶼ֪˶ٱˡ
ɫѿޱȣ̺ɱ
ƼҺҶǽ֣񾭱˼㣬оˡ
ǿڡ
еԴһһʩչһһε޲
ͷ·һոնıУʼ¶â
籩
ʢ˥ʱ
治
ɱƵһĸĽ
ڣԵѧû
أ
齣ƷƼɵԾţһ㡣
ܱ˳ȥ
ˣ
һɺƴϢ
ֻԵӰǿˣһ
ˣԴˡƷĺ
̫ˡɽ˿¶˷ܡ
ǧһˡ̾˵
Դǿհ涨ƼһòμӰٵս֮ǰʥ֤˵ҲǼΪǧһǿļ֤ߡ

ȫڣΪԻ
ƴŭһƴ򳽻ԡ
ƣʲôɽ̽סһƣվߣ˵㲻ҪǣǰĹ涨˵ԳԳ֣ͲҪɽ
ߡ޺޵Ŀ˳һۣ˵
ԣסҲк³ġƶݺݵ˵
㻹ûʸ񡣡Ե˵
ɶ񡣡ߣȴò뿪


751 Ϯ
ϲɽ֡ǰ˵
ֿˣģƼҾԲһһ㣬ɽԱ֤ɽ˵
ã仰Ҿͷˣǡͷ֪Ƽҵõ˰˴֧֣϶һɳ졣
ˡԶ͡ɽ˵
Դ̫ˡƷһ˷ܵ˵
忴򳽻ԣĿ⸴ӣ˵ԣлл㡣
ﲻؿҶƼҵı֮顣԰˵
Ȼȥɡɽ˵
󣬳һ˻صƼҡ
ң
أ
һ»Ϊĩݺݵ˵ĳСһҺ£ɶ񣡡
ףڸô죿һŵ˵ûϹҿɳܲ𰡣
⡭ɫ䣬һޱȡ
ףɴһݣ˳ǵƼңʱҾͶƼҵϹΪǳ˴Ҳ˵
أɫһ䣬ʵ
һɵ˵
ף˵ĶԣΨһİ취ǾԲĿƼȥμӰٵսʱƼʵľˡҧ˵
ãͰ˵Ŀ˸¶˾ģ˵ϵ壬ƼҺҡ
Ӣƺݵ

һҹ޻
Ƽҡ
ԺвݻǿܵĹ
ȻѧѾﵽĶ״̬Ϊľⲻ
ԣǿܵݻ̣˵һεıƸ
ΪƼȡֻǵһ
μӰٵսǵڶ
ңҲʶһ¶ߵ
ʶٵսһѵõĻᡣ
⣬ɽѾ˵ڰٵսȡĽȫУһ㣬ƼҺԹԡ
ȻˣҲ˵ˣƼ֡
ɽóԺúϢȴº󣬰˴˽Ӧǰʥ
һ̣Ҳڿʼ˳߽ʦ
󲮣⼸ҺϵǲǳﻮʲôɣƷ絣ǵ˵
ºΪʤȯգǵõһġҲ˵Ůƥʲô
⡭ӦòᣬƼѾȡѵǿɣɽҡҡͷ˵ǻҪȥǰ
ǡƷ˵
Ѿ³ŵԸƼңֻȴǲòɽ˵
ŮҲ롣˵
ˣɽʵ
ڱչأŮҪκ˴ɫһ˿仯˵
׿ĳǳкøУҪɽȰĿŮ˵
˵ʲôأһ죬˵
۹ⲻǳԷͬˣǰ;ɲҵŮɽѵļŮģЦ
ˣͲҪ˵ˡȴǷһȴҧ˵Ůĳһ־ԶжǲСصġ
ǰһοɽͷ̾
ͷ΢죬֪Щʲô
ʱƷӢǿ˽
֣ɽ˵
֣֪㼱æƷֶҵк£ɻʵĪ֮£
ֿע⵽ҽк£ɽʵ
ĵûʲôֻм峤ʱңֻͺҽãҵûرע⡣ɫһ䣬˵ĪΪԸǣ
ҵĵľϾϹټҿ֧ңƼҵõҵҪһɽͷ˵
һ˵⵹ǲ޿ܣҪעǡ
ɽû뵽Ѿ֪ҵĴ㣬ѾˣϣһȻ˿񱩵ЦֻƼϿգӰ·д߳Ƽҡ
áɽͬʱɫ䡣

δ߳һҽ
ȥһֻʹǿ߳Ͽգжʮ峤
ʲôɽʵ
ʲôڻ𣿡һЦһӣ˵ɱ
ɱɱɱ
ʱһƬɱ𣬳Ƽңǲҽ
ԸƼңѵͲ°˴𣿡ɽɫ䣬ն˵
ߣϹƼңȻҴȳȥμӰٵս˭Թԣ˵ɽһ֮㻹ɱ
ɶҲŹŭ
ͷİѾȥչˡ˵
һֳֳǹɽӣ޵Уһǹ裬ӴʱգƼһ䷿ݱը
ֻնɣ죬ϢƴĿ磬׵˵СĶǰ
СҪš
Ȼŭӳһ󴸣ͬͭɽģ磬ԪƵৡ
αغ֣ɡ
ʱֻ߱ͨŽʦǿߣϹȻûй֮ȴǿʱ䣬
ɶ񡣡
ޱȣ޾ŽʦʵȻһʱ䱻סˡ
Сӣҹ
ƴЦһṉ̀ɣľΪҽ


752 ӵ
ͬʱ峤ҲǴɱķƼǰԺѸٻΪһƬ档
ɽҲסȴǴȵ̩ң
ǡ̩ǹǰɽ
̩ĶϹۣȻü޸ɽŭ
ߣٷϻɽƼѾˣ㻹ǹ齵ɡ̩˵
ɽֻҪħԣҾһ棬ɱˡȻ˵
롣ɽŭ˫ͬɽݺѹ£಻ɽͬըһ㡣
ڤ粻顣ʧȥģһҹкȵҵõϹµϹͨɽҵĶ𣿡
أ
ɽ̩Χʧȥƣڽڰˡ

Ҫ
ã߰ɡ
ʱȴס壬ֿ˵ãֻҪӦ޸ңҺ͸׾ͱɽһ
롣ŭȵ
ͱֱ粻ˡƴŭ
Сˣݸ㡣Ʒŭ
һȥƿҲƷһۣһӳͽƷѪˡ
Ʒ硪һŭ޲硣
ãҾ㿴޲硣ŭ׺ݹ塣
ڴʱӢͼӵɱ
ӢҪԮȴˣ˫Ŀ죬еҸƴˡ
ƥ
ûзֳԣǹǹǳأĴرڣƺƵϢ

Ӷֵͭƿơ
ۣ
ȴǰ󱳣һѪҽ
֡
ɽҪԮȴ̩ס
ƥ
Ʒһǹâͬһ㣬ݺѹϣصһѪ
ۣ
ֺѪɡ
ƹЦƽɽ˵ɽڻ齵ʱƥǰ֮
룬ɽҲ᳼ǸӡɽǱһɳȥǰѪʣȴ޶õ˵
Ůأƿ壬˵
ʱ屻ƱƵˡ
Ǹңɽŭ
㿴ҸҲңһ粽壬ֳǽץȥ
Ҷһ£վڡһһ죬ǴƼģֻԵӰڰУ˲Ϣдȣ
أ
ֻһѪɳȥ

Ŀɱǹâ¶ǹâ·ͱ˲񷣬ա
Һô˵ҿޱ˵ƣǰ
ɱ㡣ĲѪŭһ򳽻ԡ
¡
һɺƴӳϴ߽⣬飬һĿռ
ʲô
ɫ䣬ʧ߽ʦ
ƣһʦΪֻܴ㣬޷ɱ㣬Ѿ߽ʦΪͨ죬ɱһֻ϶Ҫףɡ
ԴһԵɽ齣ͬƿգնϲ񷡣
أ
ֻһŽʦǿƾͱ˳ȥ
ۣһѪֽ׾ҡ
ƶ򳽻ԣĪû뵽սͨ죬ֱǹҪǰԮƣȴǱɽס
ɽЦƣ˵վۼǰ
ԡ˫ᣬ
ߣСˣȻ⣬ɱ
ԵĿ䵽ϣ罣һҪ
Ҫ
ƾʩչֶͨߡ
ӵ𣿡
Ц޽һ˺أնϺɽ۵һͽƵ룬Ѫ籩һڴϡ
ƶ
̩˻ĿᣬһеĿ񱼶˫ḥ̂ݺѹ¡
Ĺ֮˵Ҷֱ֣
Цٴλһƣ޽ҫͬһ̫ҫķ£һնһѪ
󣬳ԵĿ䵽ϣĿ磬ء
ߵޱȣ亹ֱðҪɱң

һ£ɱ齣һնƥС
ͣ
·ֻֽƵ룬Ѫͬˮһӿ
硪˻
Ҷ֣һûɱ㣬Ǿһɱ㡣
ֳ齣ͬӵΰƽŵ׾ҡ
Сס֣
ӱɱѾǰ׷ͺڷˣСٱɱɾûˡ
ɱ¶Цֹ𣿡
ৣأ
ֳ齣ֻƣƿͬʱһ
˫ĿѪ죬·ѪԣĺǣϷҪɱ㡣
ɱңƥ򣬽վڡһɽɱ֪Լʵǽӽ޾Žʦɱɽһ֡
ã
ɽ趯˫ƣܹ貽âԶԶȥͬ޴ķһ㣬׼ɱ
С
ȻȴǲܲˣҪɱԣɱ֮
Щ峤ѾƵˣ׷֮زز
ɽʩչƬ̣ɱ
һ𣺡Ԫ
ϾǼ޾ŽʦǿߣһҪߵĻԺɽδס
ȻǰǳԾͲˡ
߽ʦľԪ׾ŽʦʩչĽռ䣬ֱǿԶ


753 ɱ
꣡꣡꣡
ϣڽռںֱײҪǰɱԣռƽģ

ɽ˴ϲʩչƷͬɽεض֥鿪ڽڸһ㣬ǵصȻ¡
飡
ҪתֵˣѸһʵʵĺϣڽϣѪ
ҽһҪߡ
ɡɽҲ֮һֶҪɱֱɱ֣û˿ĻԷ
ۣ
ֻͬɽѹһ㣬Ѫ磬ˡ

ɽȼգһͽճ˻ҽ
ˣ
һЩδߵ֮ˣǻҪߡ
һ
ɽκһҵˡ
ȺףӵӣƬ֮䣬ӵܾ͸
ɽҺѾڣչζ˼飬ˣҪռɡ˵
áûκγɣɽͬЦն˳ֶƼѾϣ˵ɣҪȫȥɽҲ޻˵
ԡЦ
ƼҺǰҺңκһˡɽ˵
ǣʱҴƼӵҹȥ
ԣлл㡣۶ߵ㷢Щ˵
ﲻضлӵҶҶ֣๼԰˵
Դ˵öԣǶƷߵ˵
ˣʰһЩɡ˵
šƷ˵ͷȴǲپԡ
ŮҲѹͷĸ飬֪עеĹͶѡ
֮
ƼİҵסլƱƼҵסլҪֺ
ɽҺвƲѹһգ˳һöָƷʯʮƷʯмʮǧݡ
ԴˣԺ⡣
ϾҺҶûʦܣԾŽʦΪܹĲƸҲġ
ϧң֮֡
죬ɽ׷ҵļ壬ȷƼҶԹȳͳελ
󣬳Թ߽ʦ硣
ϾǰʥԽԽˡ
ǰһҹ
ڣ
ˣ
Ȼ
˭ʵ
ҡ⴫һ
⣬崩һϼȹ֣һ˫Ө͸㣬ɢ˵ĹȹϻĺྻϾõһ㽿ޡ
ȻǾϸױɢһĪζ
¹ɢϣʥ࣬ͬ¹һ
Ȼûд򿪷ţȴ֪ʱװ磬΢һ£˷ţ˵
ҿԽȥ𣿡
ǰΰӣϷϼ׵񾱶·Ϳ֬ۺۺģʣ߽˷ݣ˫ֹر˷š
̧ͷ¶һϾһ˫ģˮһ㡣
ԣƼңΪ¶һ˿˼ȴǱҧź촽һ˫ֽ⿪˿ʱһϾ˳ǰɢһŮζųԡ
ৣ
ֻһ㶣һӣǼȹ͸סǾ߰͹µӣ˵ңҾƼңǱ˭ҲǷ˭
ǣϲ㡣
Ứס˳ԣ˵ԣϲ㣬֪㲻һһ˻䣬Ϊ㣬Ҳϲκˡ
ϵȹ䣬˵ٴγ˳ǰظѹڳԵϣһ˫ĿĿųԣ촽˵˳ԡ
ͬʱһֻȻס˳ԵĻȣƺ죬˿Ŀų˵һ
Դһʱհףǰļˣ̾Ϣһȥ
ڰУֻ彻һ𣬷һ
ڶ졣
оκ˵ĴХ
ʥǰӸ˽ܡ
ͬʱһĿ࣬ϢӴһǰ϶Ʒѧؼеҩĵر
ǰ˴ԲμӰٵսѡļʹ͡
ʣЩƼҡ
ӭʹɽһƼǰ̬ȹ
ףôңʹüͷһʵ
⡭ԣɽɫһͣҧ˵ʹͼƼҲ죬ҪƼңƼˡ
ŶʹĿɽһۣʵҲʣƼҴ˭
ҡվ˳
߽ʦʲô֣ʹüʵ
ԡԴڴһۣǶʦܣоȣȴȻĴ
ɽȷǹȳĴ𣿡ʹɫʵ
ǵʹɽص
ãǰ˴Ƽҵʹͣ°ɡʹһֻ֣һ߾ͽƷ׳ɽ¡
ʹ䶨ԣ߰ɡ
׵ͷ֪λʹǼԼΪ£Բ˲
ĻҲǽˡ
ɽԸǣءԿһۣɵףҹ컣ȴ̲סһɽ˵
ֶأףڰٵս򡣡ɽ֣˵
ৣ
ûκתûУӰ
ɽŮһۣ˵ٻˣ㲻𣿡
Ůڡҧ촽˵
߰ɣҲԺǻﶫһ졣ɽ˵


754 ʥ
ȳ⣡
ͣһѾ޴аɳʮſ̨ͤ¥ӦоУ󣬹⿴棬ֱһûʵĵ
Ըʹ䵽ͷϣ㳡
˿̣Ѿвվڴͷ
֪ʹʵ
Գƺŷϡ국Ŀ˳һۣЦЦ˵Сӣ֮ǰϹټҵСӾѾңȳĴƣȻ֪Ϊʲôһ߽ʦСӣҪ㣬ϹټҵСӿǲʹ˰ݵġ
ŷŷҵˣСӶлѡԱȭ˵
塣
а˴壬ֱŷ塢Ϲټ塢ξټ塢ľ塢¼塢塢塢ż塣
ŷǰ˴ǰéĴڣܹŽǰ
ԣ˴ΰٵսŷƿصڵʥС
ţķʮźţסҪ¡ŷϵͷ˵
ףȴûжԡ
ףȳ˾Ȼһ߽ʦûи
ǰ˵ƲǵõϹ࣬лͻƾŽʦȳμλôСӣ
߽ʦҲҲμΰٵսǻòͷˡ
ͷʮɨӳһۣ֮ɫۡ
ߡʱ겢˹
һ꣬ΰ٣Ŀǣͬһ㣬ŲһʵСӣʲô֣Ϊβƣ
Ҳ£ǹһȥɡԵ˵

ֻ򵥵һ仰ڴͷ˻Ȼ
С˭˿
߽ʦ˽ʦȻȫһӵĿ⣬ֱ·
֪ǶˣĴǺҲϹǵˡ
Сӵ˵ˡ
Ǻԣɫһͣ¶顣
ףָԱŵ˵Сӣ֪ʲôǷֵٵһ߽ʦôͱ˵ǲǲˣ
ȵ̸ٹǸ򼴱涨ɱˣҲҪϵ
̹£ʵʵǣΪβƣǳһֻӥǣͬӥһ𺣬飬˶ʯա
ұ£¡һƽ˵ҸǶһλᣬ̸ǸǾͶһָɡ

ŭˡ
һ߽ʦҶ˵ֱԼҪϵԣԼӺϡ
ৣ
̽ͬһ紵򳽻ԣ˺֮𣬾ͬиһ㡣
ҹ£
ɫһƷһ̱ƣصһ䵽Դϣͨһ˳ǰҽ
һпĲ˼飬ûзӦ
Ҵң֪ʲô𣿡ѵ̧Դ˻
Ȼ֪Ϸ˵
Ȼ֪ǻҵǸ˴ûùӳԡҪվŭ˵
ûùӳԣߣϹ涨ɱˣѾһʬˡЦ˵
ž
ֻһɫҽһݺѪһ⡣
󣬳˵ҲϻԶһָҷ㡣
㡭Ĳ˼飬˵Ϲˡ
ž
һȳȵѪֽĵڵϣвɶƵĿ־壬սķ
һλᡣޱ˵
󣬿һۣ˵㡣
ң
Ҳ£
ɫޣκα飬һԴϣҲ˳ǰѪ
㣬ĸҴң֪ϹˣңϹǲŹġһֲ˵
ߣƶɱˣҲٶɱˡ˵
㣬ɱƣ˼˵
ܣǰ˽ʦΪĸǼ޾Žʦǿߣɱƣ׻Ź𣿡ǻ˵
ȻᣬϧҲˡԵ˵ĻᣬҽҲһɱˡ
㡭ǻĴңҪܡ
ܣ
һЦһŲֱϣһ۰ˡ
ǷĽкѪָԣ˵㣬ĸɱң
ΪأЦ˵ҪԶ𣿡
áѾŵûһҧŤԼһСָսʵ𣿡
ȵ
ǡͬһ㣬Ķӡ
һЦǡ
ҪҶϡǼԣͬħһ㣬ԼСֱָߡ
ˣһЦ߽ա
˻
ͷϵ˶ʱһ϶֮ɫ
˭ȳʲôʱôһݽɫ
찡ǵΪҵһǰ˽ʦȴһдܣ޵ֿ߽ʦʵ𣿡
һ·ڸΪȻӵʵ̫ˣǾŽʦĴڡ
պ󷽣һ֮أɽӡ
ȤȻ߽ʦΪǶˡŷϵ˵
ŶǿϹ£ĶСӴ˶ˣϹǲŹŷʵô˵ӲϹǵˣ
Ӧòǣ򲻻Ƕ˽񡣡ŷҡͷ˵
ȻˣǾ£ҳΪǵˡŷһ˿â˵ܹǶˣǾŽʦ˲żָŷңδսеһ


755 ŷ
˶٣ŷ˵ϹǺ˶£ЩˣڴսΪԼá
ү뷨ϾڴսУܹоŽʦΪˣֻвɣÿһǼҪģܹ£ȷʵһŷͷ˵
ãȻ㶼˵Ҿȥһˡŷ˵
ܿ죬˳ڵķ䡣
ˣ
ŷ屾ƿţһ£ȴߵš
ǣԴţŷ壬˵ĪǶæ𣿡
ҵȻǣᣬҽŷ壬ŷҵˣֵ츳˫ʵտ̲סǰʶŷһЦΪ˵
Կ˴һۣŷݣʵ˲˵֪ŷҺ£
ˬ졣ŷԣ˵ҼʵǿŷҵӪΣ
κӪԵ
Ŷ֪ǶˣǵϹǼһΪˣǲ׷Źġŷ˵ŷҵӪɵһڴսӱĻҲܶࡣ
Ҫɱңұ㽫ɱˡһƽ˵·˵һƽ顣
˻һŷȴǼһĿ򳽻ԣȴɫ޲κУܹоһɲ̬˵ͲϹǡ
ôܣ
ŷ弸š
ϹǱǾŽʦǿߣϹټҵ츳ףʵͣô᲻£
յ˵κһ˵ϹǶӦøе²ǣ
ǰ˴Ľܳӵܣ
ŷֱͷܡ
ѵ̲ɣϹǣҲϹټ壿
ô
һ˲䣬ͷӿŷͷȴǺͷ֪̣
ɫȴƽЦãֹȻǿˣȻϹǣ֪ĻƵѪɡ
ԵȻһЦÿɷ
¾Ѫʵָ״ħ۵ΪսʦĴڡ
˵ưԶһԱʵеġ
ȻֲԸŷӪҲͲǿˡŷЦǺǵ˵ǽΪӪΣڰٵսУ໥κһΣѣ־ȻֻҶ֮飬޹ŷҡ
ԡԵͷʵֻһ߽ʦŷΪҪӪ
ҿ˴ųͬˣͨˣȺɻӪŷЦ
ˣ֪ٵսΣʵ
ʵֵʥȻҲ֪ˣȻǰ˽⣬Ҿȸ˵˵
ŷ˵ٵսʵμδսˣֻһˣֻݶ˼ж٣Ҳ˵׼һξٶˣһࡣ
Ĵս򣬷Ϊ֣һǲȫһռ䣬ȡһƣͿԽڶأ̭ʵİٷ֮ʮ
ڶأµİ߽Ҳǽһռ䣬ޣ弶Ĵڣһ׵Žףֱһֵŷ֣߾ɱޣһʱɱޣֽܻǰʮԽһء
ˣһֻͻƵޣ൱ʦĴڣֻҪնɱͿֱӽһء
һأʵʱˣʮˣԣʤʮˣȡôڶǿ߶Ծʸ񣬲ȴҪһԣó˴ΰٵսǿˣһǿߡ
⣬ʮǰǰõĽ
ŷ岻ϸ˵ĶԿÿһζͬҲ֪
лŷָ֪ԲʤмԱȭ˵
ǺǣЩС£ҳܡŷЦȻִӦˣ¾ȷˣ㻹ʲôĻԵȥңǡ
롣ͳŷ壬رշ˵˵Ȥ
ҲãϾһ޺顣
˻ҵľ棬ȷʵҪһ顣
ŷŷҵˣһϼѡ
Ϲǣȴǲ壬ҲǾŽʦѣܹõʦʵѾǷͬѰˡ
ԣԲ塣
ү
Ȼռڴĺ
ʲô𣿡ɻʵ
ϢƴȻδѾоһɲ޵ϢǾԵްֱǵ
ޣ½Ķ޵Ļ֣״ڣڴʦߡ
͵ȴϣԪסססססףȼ൱ڶ߼Ļ֡
ƲͬʵȴһģͬħĻһ½԰ħĻ֣½δˡ
Щֻ֡½߶ޡѧĻ֣Ļ֡
ͨ¾ѪѾ֪ĺܣ½һûĴ½ѡ
һ¾ͳˣʱҪǿ֧ţǺ׳ġС˵õˣգȻпռԵ˾͸ˡ
ռԵˣСѾͷõүռԵ޶ûмءһҡͷʵҪ٣
弶ͽ˵ĻҪһöͿˡһ˵
һö弶ͽˣǳҲĿһɲһСĿ
ǰӦ˵
ðɣҾΪɡЩͷ۵˵
ǾһҪôࡣͬһСһԵôʣ˵үҪ


756 ǵ
ãһܿ˰ɡԸоԼСû취ͷ˵
ллү˵˵үģԺһռԵıүĶ顣
ռԵıΪ·ߵĴײܹôҵԿЦ
ߣڱ˵Ҳѣ˵Ǿ̫ˡ˵˵үǾԵҿܹоռԺ;Եı
㻹Ȿ죬̫ˡԴһʵܹоռĴ𣿡ǿռԣԳдһʡ
ȻԣֻڲܣҲҪ׸߽ײУҲ˵ľŽʦ˵
ŶǺã踹үˡЩʧܹϣϾҵռϹŴĻҲʹϲ١
ǡ˵Ļص
˺ϵԲڷ߶
룬ĻҪڵڶɱˡ
ˣûѰʣɱޣǷԼ
뵽ҵŷѰʡ
ˣŷԾ˵ַģڵڶصõˣǲԼġ
˶٣ʵˣҪˣֻһĻҵõó
һٿ弶ͽˡ˵
⡭ŷŷҵүҲסˣЦ˵֣ǷΪڶ׵õˣ
ô˵üʵ
ڶ干棬Լģ߲ɱ弶ϵޣΪ˴˵ȼޣΣӵĻʯǱһ㣬ɱ࣬սġŷһ˵
ԣ㶫ԼҲٳ弶ߴս龰弶޵ǾǸϡˡŷЦ˵볽ˡΪ
ȻǵڶصǴģԸɻʵ
Ұ˴ϣԴɡŷ˵
Դһû뵽ڶȻ£ŵݣֱǲš
Ҳ֪ڶҲһЩ֮أ̤㣬ల¡
Ҳͬһ㡣
Ͼ½ңң֪ǧһĴսǷͬСɵġ
֣㾹Ȼ֪飿ŷɻ˵
ȷʵ֪ҡͷ˵
ŶŷԵͷп򳽻ԣȴһ˿֮ɫ
󣬶˳̸һȥ
֮
ʥ
һ˫Ϣĵڡ
Ϸһ꣬ͷڣ壬٣Ŀǳʸ߹󣬾ͬһ޵С
Ϲǣ
ϹټŽʦǿߣһ˫˽ܣǴ˴ΰٵսдĴ׷
·ʮǿͷӢϢ񣬾ŽʦΪ
κһ߳ȥҪ䶯
ʱϹǰȴ̬𾴣ҷһ
أϹ羧ƽϣ֮ս
ʱʮͷ
СǺˣϹǵ˶ɱ˲ɣϹǵȪˮ¶ϡ
Ѿȥȳˣһ֪⳽Ծƾճֵһûκһ˵˼ֻ߽ʦΪնɱơ
СˣҲˣԱϹǵˣ˭ҪϹǲһ˵ּͬһ㡣
ǡ˵ǳѾŷҴʥˣǶˡ
Ϲ˵ݾܾ
ںŷߵһ𡣡˵
ʲôѵͶŷ˲ɣ͸ҪϹĿ佣ϢԨ޸˵
ֻֻ»ἤŭϹǣϾŷҵĵ̣̬ȴݣ˵µһսڵһ֮оҼɱ
һûнŷ壬Ҳɱ˵
ãǣͰ˵죬˵ɱҵˣͱһѵԺϹǻηڣϹǳ˵Ծͬ˵һһ㣬΢
ģԳ֣һúýѵǳԡ꣬ҲǷǹ˵
ȥ졣Ϲǻ˵ǶŽʦѵһ˽ʦ׾֮£ȥɡ
ǡǹ˳
ʥ
ԳĴͣ˰ߡ
Լʮ˸ŷϺշС
ʥģһͬްԵĳУΡɽԨδٽóԸܵһǿϢͬľһ㡣
ܿ죬һ˾ͽʥǡ
ɽ磬Ρ֮뵣ɾ
ǾסĵطľƺѰǾסԺ䡣ŷ˵սʮ֮Уʱ֪ͨǣȥɡ
֣ȻȥˣϢһһʥķ⡣ŷ屧ȭ˵
л˵ҵԼסԺ䣬ס˽ȥ
ݽྻ˳Ⱦޱȡ
һϼס
飡
ʱ
˳
̣һʯ֮
֨
ֻһƽž޲߳š
ԺУˣһһϮǷǣȻǶˡ


757 
ôһָ𣿡ԵĿɨһۣޱ˵
㣬ߣԣλǣԺ䣬ڸһᣬóԺ䣬һȥסɡӭųԵĿ⣬һǿޱȵķǾԼߣǶ񶾵Ŀų˵
̰ȥ÷סҲӲ˵
סڣôԶԳأǿ˳һۣưͬһ˿һһ㣬˵ԣҿסԺ䣬óɣҿʹһٿƷʯ
˵꣬¶һĨЦ֪ԳԵĸǲܵģ賽ԡ
ԣһǧƷʯõĳҾø㡣ЦЦ˵
һǧôȥĲѪݺݵĿųԣ˵ԣҲãҲá
Ҹ˵һūŹʲôȥԲ˵
ӡҲ룬ɫѿ˵
Ŷ⹷ūŵӵ˭ԺЦʵ
㣬ǹūš߳ŭĺ
ԣĵ죬ԷҲţҿǲˡХȵ
ߣʲôһΪһأԭһǧƷʯҲòҿ㻹ǹȥɡһ˿˵
ããܺãСӣ㻹֪ҷǵֶΣҸ㣬ϵİ˽ʦûһǧҲа˰٣ҪΪɱƣҪ㣬ǸµĵҩŵͻƵģǾŽʦĴڡ
ҷʵʵͻƾŽʦǿߣնɱͬ׶֣ʮˣɱͬԷˮһ򵥣ֱ֮ˣȻô˵ҾҪ㡣ɭĵ˵
ߣҪսսôϻ˵
֣ǽֹ򶷵ġǺ˵˵
˱볽Էǣһû뵽Ȼǿƣֱ첻µز¡
ˣԽ졣
ʥǵĹȴǲܷϾŷĵ̣ϹǰҪء
ߣСӣɸǳһңȻŷ岻һεĴڣָԣ˵
ȻҪҾͳȫ㡣Ц˵
б¸ɫѿ˵Լܵ裬⳽Ա
ৣ
˵գǺХʥ߶ȥ
һȥ
ǰɨǶһۣ˸ҵ·̱ˡ
⳽ʵ̫ˡһ˵
ߣ㿴Űɣ⳽Իˡ˵ûв´ĻӦǴȥ̨ˡ
ʲôãվڣҿôšһ㶣ǹЦ˵
ǵͷɭ˵ߣҲϽȥ⳽ڷµġ
ʥǶߣһ޴̨ǧ׿þʯɣԵʦܵĹ
Ϊʥŷפأ֮ŷϡ
ԣϽֹһд򶷡
컰˵ĵطԱһ̨޷ì߽ܵս
أ
ϢЯԪͬǶһ䵽̨ϡ
һ֣ע⡣
ǲǷǫ̂
ǰ˭˵Ϲߵĺ̨֪ܽʲô
˽սİɣ
ԭɢߣһӾΧ˹
ЩǿߣٶǴʦΪеʦʦĴڡ
Ϊǵĳ֣һЩӵܺͲμӰٵսĴ߶ܡ
ҵСӣ̨֪к£ػ̨һλŷҵĳϣ벽ʦܣɻĿʵ
ȻҪɱһ֪С˵̧ͷһա
ֻԱѸ䵽ϡ
ԣ̨ɸͬһ㣬ӳʵ

˻һʱһƬȻĿⶼ׷䵽˳ϡ
߽ʦ찡ǾҪɱһ߽ʦôһ£
һ˵˷ǣԺҪɱ
һ߽ʦҲҵǣֱǺ졣
̨һЦ˵ǣȷҪҽ
ǿ׳ƵĿ򳽻ԣЦ˵㻹ûʸֻѣɱ㣬һָֻԡ
ܺãǣȻҾٲҪɱһˡԹЦ
Ǿɡǿ
ˣҪ̨СӿǾŽʦ㲻Ķ֡ŷϿ˳һۣ治֪Ȱ˵
ˣȻҪҾͳȫȻ壬ͬνսʿս
ˡЦⲻѣ·Ѿڷ¡
һж˿ġһЦ
˶ܹ裬޲ó̱ɱ
˻
˶ǵһ˼Ŀųԡ
Ȼ̨ͷһսⲻ
˶ͷ
ˣҵҪɱҵġԵ˵
õͳݲģҾҪĸɾ䡣ֻǼԣû뵽Ȼ̨ˣȴޱȣһ߽ʦҲսϣֱǻòͷˡ
ϻ̫ˡԲ˵

ǱףɱӿֳһҪûԡ


758 
ৣৣ
ֻһӣͬ޴Ļ򳽻ԣҪķѡ
ۣ
ֱ̽ӽ浶ץ飬ŷǣм˵㱾𣿿Ҳˡ

Ǵһղֻ˲һɵʵҪɵʵô
ͣ
ֻ趯ɽӣͬҽڴʣⲻȼյƺȻ̧һӡɣл磬ԻһЩŹִڣϢˡ
Ҫһԣ
¡
ŹֵĻӡ£򳽻Դջһֱһ㡣
ԱеĻ
еʵɱң
ԲĿӡһۣϹ֣ȻϹѧȴʮֵͼȲö޵ʩչϹѧ
ಣ
ϢƵ죬齣糤ƿһ㴩͸ӡֱƷǡ
ʲô
ɫ䣬α˼䣬˫ֽӡһ֮ܳǰסһ
ǣһʵɱңҿ㲻ֱײˣⱻɱ˵ڡ˵˵

˻ȻԽסһҲͰˣû뵽Ȼͱˣֱûн忴ﰡ
δҲ̫˰ɣ
㣬ԣ̫ˡԼǲεȥָԣһ˵
ţߣѹҾȻ˵ţҪǿаռҵԺ䣿㾹Ȼ˵ţҿߵڰף޳ܵ˼㡣˵˵ǴȻ
Զʱ̲סЦû뵽Կڲ֮ãκһˣ⻰ƶ̡
ǶҲˣֻǶͷȴð亹
Ƿ֣Ժǳǿ󣬲ɷܷɱˡ
Ǻܿͷ
ԷǶŽʦʵôɱһ߽ʦأ
⻰ѾĻɫһһ£˫Ŀӿֳɱ⣬ͬһޣųԣղɱ㣬ĲΪˡ
㵱ȻˣΪϾҪһˡ
Ц˵ǣǰ
ˣ÷Ƽҵ㾹ң첻Ƥлͷ֮ޡ
Ǹоζ챻ըˣҪɱԡ
أ
̨һ£ֻͬڵһȥЯɱ⡣
֣
һϰ׸߿գ鲼ȫƣ֮١
ֻ˫ǣž죬һȼգҴֳƼ䣬˫ֵţһ޴ʯĥķֽɣɢƴķϢɢ˷籩
㣡
ͬţ˫Ŀ˫ŷ򳽻ԡ
ݣ
һХʯһ㣬޵С
ССϷ
ˣϾԵѧԳԵıĽ
ֻӭȥ

ƷϽѧʩչ磬ͬԷˮһŸ޴ճ֣ǷַӵԻصƽѹ飬ŷɱȥ
Ǵɵľ
Գ߽ʦΪչֱֳǾ춯ء
ʲô
Ǵһɫһ䣬ȻûϵԵʵǿ
ϾǾŽʦǿߣ߹ڷԪƼ䣬ɽ緢ն𶯣籩
ֻ֮ϴ£׻𣬷Ӥ
ۣ
ʱȼգһпԪյһɶ
籩վ
ƾҲɱңҿΡ
Ȼ壬ֱֳ貽齣ͬ޿ƥУս˻ġ
׻ױ
ֻԳϣƽǣڻ桢ںϣصܣɨǧϯһ㣬ɨǣ׻׻һ̻ҷ
ʲôֶΣ
˿ֲľ棬ķͷƤ飬ľս
һ̣ˣǰɱԡ
ʵ·
֮ܣ
֮ӡһ޴ķ֮ܽ
Ǻݺݵĳ˷֮ϣһƺһ˳ȥ
أ
䵽̨ϣֻɫҰףһ˿Ѫ
˻
þŽʦķǣоͱԴǱģ˶һ򳽻ԵĿ⣬˼ɵͺ¡
ԣҲԣǸΪֹɡǼ䵽棬æ˵
ߣ㲻Ҫɱ𣿡˵ô򲻹ңҪͣˣûŶ
ס֣֪ɷһӣˡֵĲ֮ʱŷǰһº͵Ĺ˵
ͬʱоһƬȴǾȣ⳽Ҳ̫̬˰ɣ߽ʦȻдʹ÷ûз֮Ҫ֪ǶŽʦǿ߰
ԶԶԣҲԣһءˣϾ̨ȫɱԼ
ãҾͿŷֵһأǷӦñʾһĲ֮ޱ˵
Ʒʯ¡Ǽæóһ׸˵
߰ɣסԸңϹԼ´˵
лŷ֣Լæ±̨ŷһ֣Ѹ뿪Ӱ
ŷ֣û뵽ôͼˡ̨˵
ֺŷдܣģԺԲȥסĵط㡣ŷ幰˵ǳ׾Ҫóԣʵֻкô


759 꿡
˵˵˵һϣ༸˸ʯء
ȴȤ֮ˣ룬¥һͬʱܼλѡŷЦ
Ǻã롣Ц
¥
װλ٣̻ԻͣϽҫˣõǰͬɹһ㡣
޳ģ޵Ůһź
λλǳԣڸղţ̨ϴ˷ǣȰ˵ĻѾûзˡŷų£˽ܵ
ξٿ񣡡
ξϣ
Ӱ
һ죡
˸Աξٿξֵͬܡ
߽ʦΪܷǣǺֶΰһһ湫ӣͷڣһȣͬһŹӣĿ˳һۣ̾˵
ãǷϹǵˣǱֵܴܣϹǳ˸ξٿһֿ꣬˫üŨܣֿа֮磬ˬ
֣ϹΪˣǷĵϵܣҪСξϺξٿֵܣȴǵܵܣ׳ξٿ˵ȴࡣ
֪ӰһŮӣһ££ʥϢϣܹоһõϢᣬˮСϪˡ
ԹȳƼҲμӴ˴δսЦ˵Ϲǣҹ䣬
˵ĺãξٿϲˣϹϲװˣҶξٿ۾һЦ
˵Ĳļһģһͷ˵Ȼ˲զʵȴǲС䣬δء
֮ĲУ֮Ĳްξٿƴֿ񣬵ȴǺϸȻҲξټ
лλѣ롣Կó˺ŷһͬһˣҲнύ˼
ˬ졣ξٿ˵
һ߳Ժȣһ죬ǹڰٵս֮¡
ͬʱ
žУֻϹһȵǵɫŭ
ǹͷһƣҴһڡ
Ҳǰ˵
ǳǿ󣿡ϹٻЩŵʵ
֪ǵʵǿɶŽʦȻһ߽ʦܣֱǲ˼顣
ҲǣҲųʵ
һ࣬Գг˳ޣȴǲòӦǡ
Ϲɫһ˸ʵ
ŷ¥һ깧˵
ȻŷǼһ𣿡Ϲɫһݣȴǳ˵ȥ׼һЩȥ¥͡
ǡ߳׼һݡҩ¥
ˣ

Ҳ˵κ˲ô𣿡Ϲɫһȵ
ԪϹ֮ӡ˵
ԪϹüͷһ壬Գ˵ԪͷһϹǵŵˣ㲻Ҿȥ
ãɡҡͷ˵
áŷͷ˵Ԫɡ
Ԫ˽Ŀ䵽˳ϣ˵ǳ԰ɣ
ϹʲôԵȻʵ
ৡԪ΢΢һЦֶһݺһƿҩϣ˵Ϲص򳽻ǸģǷſﳽ㣬޿ˡЩϹ⳥
ҶԪݡǬԪξٿЦϹǺôֱʰĪ򳽻ֵ㲻ɡ
ξٹ˵ЦˣϹֻ볽һѡԪЦ
ȻˡξٿһЦ߲
ԣӰһҲǲ
֣ȻϹȥ㡭ŷһ˵
ˣԪȥϹǰɣҺͬΪı԰˵
ʲôԪһ㶣˵ԣ㲻ҪôߣܹõϹʶ㼸ĸ㵨Ҿܾ
ߣҲǼĸĻҪúõĸòҪһ˵ӡһ˿˵ɡ
㡭Ԫʱһࡣ
ءξٿŭȵôҪ㲻ɣ
ԣڵġԪµĿξٿһۣ޺޵˵
˵꣬뿪˷䡣
Ҿ֪ûп㣬ǼȡξٿЦ
ֻһǺϹǳ˺ˡŷ嵣˵
ã鷳ˣҾڡһȻ˵
ԣֵܿɲξٿ˵
˵ǣϹֵܣûʤ㡣ξϵͷ˵
ˣǻǲ˵Ϲˣúóﻮһ´ս顣һƮȻ˵

أ
ϹԪĻȻŭ˵ˣ
¾ʵԪ˵
ӸϹǺ˵
˵ǣ⳽̫ˣǾҲߵ˵
ȻˣǾǵһŪϹкһ˵
ģǼڣսͨҲǾһ⣬ǻͣ˰ɱԪ˵
ãȥ졣Ϲǵͷ˵ǷģңҶǺǵļõ޴ġ
лԪ˼æݵ
ҽ߿ռ䣬õ񱮣ͻһٳΪʦܣǻҵǰšϹ¶񣬹Ц


760 һ
죬û⵽κš
ܿ죬͵˰ٵսʱ䡣
һΣμٶˡ
꿡ܣһ˽ܣǸ߽ʦǿߡ
ԻһۣΪǰ˽ʦΪҲھŽʦֻ˶ѡ
ߣŷ塢ξٿξϡӰһˡ
ԪͷǶм˾Ϲǡŷ˵
׵ͷ
ֻϹǷΣȴһӣԪǿǼ޾Žʦʵ
һѪµѪһޣ˫ĪõϹѪĴУǰ˴УΨһһܹҴŷһսˣʵֱ޵оŽʦǿߡ
һǹ￵һޣм޷ɲ⣬޾Žʦʵ
ǸһϽǶľӮǹ˫ܹϹһƴ
ŷһΪԽܴ˴δսǿУǳ԰˴Ĵߡ
һλʵ
ѪǸŷС˵·Щɵ硣
˳ѪĿ⿴ȥֻĶһ꣬һϮۣ滭зɳޣһ󶦡
ܹоõ˺ǿԽ˼޾ŽʦѪһҪﵽ޵оŽʦĴڡ
ԣһûܴǣġŷЦʵȻûе޾ŽʦҲȥԶˡ
˶٣˵УҲֻһԺһսξֵܵԵĶ֣һ׺ϻ֮ڶʱڿԺͼ޾Žʦǿһս
һ𣬾ϹҲ԰ͷξٿЦ
ˡ
ʱһӹ𣬴˷
ٵսڿʼһأٰʮˣлս֮Уֻһܹڶءһʦܸ˵סУеƣǶԶǴͳõߣҲ̳
ৣ
˵գֻʦܷһɰȽȽ
ʱֻǰһ޴ǧɴС
ڣǶȥɡʦ˵
ߡ
ŷһͳ
ৣৣৣ
գ۹򣬾Ӱ롣
ɱ
һ˽ʦҵĶ֣ơ
ƣ
սľչޱѸ٣һʱ󣬾дȡƳ
󲿷ֵľŽʦֱ˽ʦ֣ȡƣõڶصʸ
ৣ
ֻԪͷǶ˫˫ųԱдȣԣƣ㲻
Ȼһʵļ͵ģ׳ˡ
°ܽǰ
ԼԪͷǶ˻ǰбǶɱ
棡
նɽӣ
һ֣ԪͷǶ˾ɱУҪɱԡ

һЦԪĵ齣һնհν
ۣۣ
Ľһţ䵽ԪͷǶϣѪҽ

ԪͷǶû뵽ʵǿֶǶ֣ǷǸ𺧣û˿ɣԺԼ̨һսûоȫ
˭ҲȲǡЦ
ԣɱǣҲˡ
ԶϹɱԾͬͻɽʨʳһ㣬ȺԾһֻ
ˣˡԪʱϲָԶݺݵ˵
ʥǶû˾ȵ㡣ԭ³ԣϹǰֺ˵
ҿˡԿԪһۣĿ䵽˷ϣ˵㣬һû˾ȵǡ
籩
ڳӿɢķ磬йԩ˻һӽԪͷǶ֡

̣ҽԪͷǶ˱籩ˡ
ԣɱϹδٽɱˣţŭˣǶǷҺԼʦܵĴڣɱǣҳ֣͵
ҵţ
һƣ⡣
ʱоһʵһĿ䵽Լϣʦܡ
ȴû˵

һƬȻ
˭ɱǺԪˣ
ˣԼʦܣɱߣûлȥĿܡ
߽ʦΪܹɱ˽ʦǿߣ찡˽ҲҪġ
˶ľĿųԣ˽ʦŶ˲ɵ
ЩŽʦţȴǲм
УΣϾҪΪˡ
ৣ
½½ŷ弸˳ˡ
˿򳽻ԣͬһ㣬ξٿ˵֣ɱԪͷǶˣ
ҪɱңȻִУѵ׸ɣȻ˵
ֻǣǷǺԪ˵ݶһ㣬ϹǼһ˵ģǷҺԼҵ˱ɱˣҵõϢǵ費ɣҵ棬ȻȲǰ˴ĴܣҲǵͽʦܰ
ξٿһζԳԲ˲ɽͷˣĺ޼ɣ˵ɱɱɴޱȣҲ͵ġ
ξ˵ĲҺԼǲưոݵġӰҲͷ˵Ƿ棬令ֶ̣κ
֣δս뿪ʥɡŷ弱æ˵
뿪ŷΪӵ׷ɱ𣿡ʵ
ܡŷ̾


761 һһ
ξٿҲǵͷʦҪɱһʦߣֱ練ơ
ҿϾʥֹ䣬ǷԼʦܣҲڵϷһ˵
ôû뵽ŷ˵
һǶˡξЦͰһ˵ģһʥǷҺԼҾͲ㶯֡
áԾģ߽ʦȡͻư˽ʦʱӵм޾ŽʦʵһʦҲһս
ͻƾŽʦĻԾӵоŽʦǿߵʵǶʦܶδصĳԵĶ֡
ͬʱһѸٽ
ֻвʮ˽ڶء
ãһؽտʼڶأصɽʦ
˵꣬ϱȥ
ԣɱ˷ǺԪˣھзԼҵĳڳܣϹһ⣬ŵ˵
ƨ£һȥԺ˵
㣬˵ʲôҹϹǼǲԼĶ䣬ЩѪԼϹ󣬵λȻȻһ˽йֱǻڰ룬òͷˡ
˻
ڳŶδȥ⻰ǵһš
˭Ȼţѵ֪Ϲǵ𣿡
̫ԵˣϹǶҵ˼ֱη尡
ˣˡ
˶Ŀ⿴򳽻ԣ֪ˡ
Ѫŷ˶פԡ
ѵҪ˵һ𣿡
ޱ飬˵ŴָʹǺԪɱңȻˣҾͰɱˣϹǣҪ֪ǵѲ˸ϵ
㣬˵ѣʲôʱָʹɱ㣿Ϲɫһ䣬ʵ
һԼֻû뵽ôûеȴҳϣΪˣҿ㲻Ůˡ˵
һ⻰ɫһӾˣҪסЦ⣬ȴǹЦ˳
䵽ϹǶУȴǸĴ̶һ࣬񶾣˵Сӣ㵨ҵϹǣû˾ȵ㡣
ԣ
ɫһ䣬¶ɱ⣬˵㣬ɱҳԣͱ׼
ס˵ĻߡϹǿѹסеķŭһ˵
֣ǼʶʲôаԵˣϹǼֱСƣҼƵġһųԣ˵
ƽһΨ㣬ԣҵһˡξٿЦ
ҪСģϹǲưոݵġӰ˵
֣һ߰ɡŷ˵
áԵͷ
֪ŷǵķҺԼҵĳ϶Լ֣Բһ뿪
â¶ۣ⳽ˡѪ˵
ȻһˣҲˡŷ˵
⳽̫ˣϹǣ˶ã
ǰҿյڶؾͻᱻϹŪ
һȥͱҺԼҵĳɱҲһ
۷׷ף֤˳ԵİԵ׺ݡ
˭ǳԣ
ڳԵ߳ã۳Ͼͳˡ
޾Žʦǿߣ
Сٳ
һ̣߳Ҳ޾Žʦǿߡ
ˣǷҺԼҵĳϡ
ǺԪһгԵɱ˼ţȻҺԼұȲϰ˴壬ҲǶһ壬ʦܵĴڡ
û뵽Ȼɱ̳ˣֱǺͷԼԡ
ˣһҪɱ
ֻ˻߳
λϣʥڶֲɣŷˣԴǵ˵ȻǷҡԼҵĳϣҲʥǶ䣬ʥǵɷһƸɱ
ʲô
һ⻰Ĵ϶ɫ䡣
үɱҼһһҵһ
ԼҲǱɱûͼԼҵһҲŭ
ɱɱԣҹܲţʥǶ䣬ƻŷĹأǺŷԡŷԴǰԵ˵
ô˵үһҪάСˣɫɭ˵
άĲǳԣŷĹءŷ˵κˣŷҵˣʥǶ䡣
Ȼүô˵ˣСӳʥǣǾͿԶɱԼҳʵ
ԡŷĬƬ˵
áԼҳݶĿųԣָ˵Сɸ߳ʥǣ
ߣ̨ҲԣϷж˿顣˵
ƥΪСү治𣿡˸ɱǵҶɱοĸ϶

󵨣
бͲҪʥ
߶ʱŭҪ䡣
ȻȴЦ˵СүֶΣɱĸϼһǵָ֮£иҪҪ͵֮ɱǣǻ¸лңǶ졣
ɶСϷҪɱ㡣
վڡ
Ϸ㣡
һ⻰ĲһжɱɢŨԪ
ӳڡŷٿȻȵ
ڡʱһӼʿȻֻʮˣǸ߽ʦǿߣӳ޵оŽʦǿߡ
ˣԶһ޵оŽʦǿܹսһʦܵĴڣ֪ӳ츳жߣܹΪʦܡ
ϸһ룬ʥŷĳУǾоԵ


762 Ϲǵı
˵ŷʥڶ䣬͵ظɱŷޱ˵ŷžԵȨ
ǣӳӦ
ʮ߽ʦǿ߶ŷҺԼҵϣʱǸоţ̡
СֻҪ㵨뿪ʥǣڡ
뿪ʥǣԼҾҪնɱͷ­Ҽ
ҺԼҵλվǲҶ֡
ǶŷǶ˴֮һϵȨһ仰ǾðǾ
ǽﶯ֣һѡ
ΪŷǶһ壡
Īصʵ
ԣֻܷºݻȥ
һĻ꣬ȴҲ֪ŷϡ
ŷ֣лˡԳֿ˵
ֿˣɲΪ㣬Ϊ˺ŷϡŷЦ
ǺǡһЦٶԣȴǳ顣
ˣҲȥɣϢһ£һսһɿӣͬһ湫ӣƮȻ˵
ԣϢմսһξٿֵ˷ޱȣĦȭƣжս⡣
˸Իصסط

ɶǳԾȻɱ˷ǺԪˣһŹϹƷΰòΰ˿ȴ˵
˵ǣһҪɱΪֶֺ˱𡣡
ʬΣֵֺܹ֮顣
սɽɱޣǾͽɱ档
ŴŽʦǿ߶ɱ֣ɭȻҪɱԡ
ãһɽ֮ءϹĿ˸бɱ⣬һµͷ˵
ҺԼҵĳѾ֪ǳɱǺԪղŲڳڶ֣ȴŷֹһŹ˵
ߣŷŴĺԣĲϹ˵
罫Ҳɱˡۺɱ˵
Уɱˣŷһ鲻ǿֹһءϹǰ˰֣Ц˵
ӢŴ̹ݵ
Ϲټҵ߹츳ףǳһӣԣǾ·ϹǱˣޱȵĹЦ
գɽ
˵һƬɽʵֻǧ֮㣬ڶǰ˽סŽʦĳԵ˵ҪҲò˶ʱ䡣
ڶȴշУȡʸ
ˣԸ߽ʦֶΣҲһʱڴƬɽ֡
ԣ涨һֱڣƻ
գٶŻ
ڶδ
һΣ˴嶼λʦܵŽʦɽ˷ֹ쳣
ˣǶ֪ˣסֻһʱ䣬ڿʼһʦͬһ˵ÿһ˶ܹ
尡
ǵڶأһҪɱޣأ
ҵĻᣬһܴ
˲䣬ٶǿ߳ɽ
ߣ
ͬʱҲ롣
ǳԺŷһ𣬲ûзֿ
ô
һҪɱһأؾɱˡ
ŴǿߴӵϹǣԣɱӿ֣ҪɱԺŷһȴǲɱ֡
ɱޣȻ취ɱϹȨףҧ˵ɱҪظҪ
˵ǡ
һʱ䡣
ߡϹǴһӣߴǿ߽ɽԪȣͬһ㡣
ŵ˵ϹǿĴڡ
ûǣҲû˸ң
ٶǿ߽ɽʱ޵ͻпʨ˻доԳ𣬼ֱһľ
Щޣǰ˴廨Ѿġ
֪һ˭ܹõһ
Щ֮УŷѪʵǿȻǶˡ
ɲһɱޣһ˵վ޵ģҿϹȴǲߴŽʦţκ޶Ҫϡ
Ҫˣοһֻ棬ȻŽȴɱһʦܣʦܶԴܡ
ҲǣϹС˳ᢰ°ɣ
ģʩ˽ƣֻܷӶʦʵ
˴ĳһ
һгԵСɱ˷ǺԪСӣ
ǰһ档
Сӿ湻ģǶɱһĺɱϵ˰
һ߽ʦѣܹʲô˲ɣ
ô˵߽ʦնɱŽʦʵɲһܹġ
ǺԪϹǵ׷ߣɱˣϹټҵСӿɲװݡ
һʦͻȻ˵𳽻ԣȴ̾ѣ֪ӡ
һʱ䣬ʵ̫ˣ۽룬Ƕչɱ¾
һ壬Ѱޡ
ǿʶ̽޴ڡ
Щ޶弶ڣϢƴֻҪʶһɨͿԷǡ
һʱ䣬ȷѪ޵Ĳҽ
ҲһЩǿޣ弶߽ףܹŽʦĴڣ쳣Щ˽ʦֱȺͻãܿ꿡䡣
һвûǺ£Խ˷ܣͬһսսʿҪսһһ㡣
λҪＯһٿ弶ˣ͵ˡ
һյʱڳＯһٿ弶ˣǶڳ˵һѶȣ¡


763 
ãҪСϹǣ⻹ޡŷ˵
һΣգ̺ǡһ˵
áԵͷαɽ
𣡡
һ֮⣬һͷͻ
ۣ
ֻһ糤羭죬ֱӽͻ롣
󣬳ԵӰԳһֽץС
ĽѾÿһнǺͬһƿһһˮ
ʦܵʶ֪̽Բ޴ڣ޴Ρ
ۣۣۣ
޽ӽ޾ŽʦʵҪɱһֻ弶߽ޣֱ練ƣһһЩ׺н޴ڣɱͬԷˮһ򵥡
һԾ˶ʮöˡ
Ҫʮ飡
Խ⸽壬£ϼ䣬һɨһɱ
ɱ¾ɽÿһ
գɱǺԪˣѾ˴󲿷ˣû˵Щ˽ʦȴǳΪ
Ϊһأֻʮ˽ء
ԣΪĲпᡣ
ʮö
ԷУٶȿױȣͬ⼤䣬ڳＯʮöˡ
ʮö
УʱѾȥһˡ
оâ˸ˡ
Ѹݵķʽ
أ
һ˽ʦѰޣȴͻһɣҲߡ
ǳԣ
꿴ǰˣĿ⵨Ϻˡ
ģֻҪˣɱˡһƽ˵
ৣ
̱Ѱš
Ȼߣȴʵˣֻˡ
ͬʱϹǺ׷ߴҲ֮¡
ǰ˵ʵֱǴݿ࣬
һһˡ
һλÿ϶ϹǵˡϹϢԵⱣԪܣֱһħ񣬲κˡ
µһܵС̹ά
ǳϹ񶾵ʵ
ȥҡ˵
ֶ׺ݣǵĶ֣һ飬ҵǳԣҪȶ֣֪ͨҡϹ֪Ե˵ɱ
ǡ˹ݵ
ܿ죬Ϲǰ˷ֳ飬Ѱҳԣκ˶ֱˣνһá
Ǻ¶˶ǶŽʦʵȷǺԪһ㣬һ𣬼ֱңκ˶Ƕ˵Ķ֡
ԣ㻹ӣ
˽̷ֳԵӰ
ϹǵˣĿоâ˸Ȼʵ
ʶԷ˫˫ţϹǰģ֮ءݣһ˫ͫ˸ɭĹųԣһԶӡ
Ҳᣬǳʼл֮ƣ԰Χ޴ӡ
ܺãҲأû뵽ǵԼˡЦȻˣǶ˾ǰɣ

󶥼Žʦǿߣ㻹ţҿĲ֪
Ǻ¶һۣͬʱ֣ʩչɱУҪɱԡ
ǧն֣
ǴһԪ⣬纣ƿգһն£Хתγɳһľ棬ݺѹ򳽻ԣҪĩԣǶŽʦ޳ͨõϹѧƾҲҵĶɡ
⹳
ͬʱʩչɱУһץһֻӲӵУͬצһ㣬׺ݶɢϲϢವһץ򳽻ԣǴĹͬʳˢ£ɵֵ
ߣԣǿɲǷǺԪķܹɱڣ㡣ĺ񶾣Ҫɱԡ
ƾϹࡣ
Цһм˵ҲգҾɱȥɱϹǡ
󵨣ҿǲˡ
ɱֱ
ºǶ˴ŭ
𽣹⣡
ٷţ
ԶԶɱ⣬Ȼ߶ˣֿɱС
ֻƯһȥ£絹ˣѹռ䣬һ飬ľɣʯա
أأ
Ǻ¶ͬʱˡ
֪ͨǴ
ݣ
һֱأɢʮ﷽Բ
֣
ǷϢʵ˫ֻƣĳһ̺Ƚҫķǧ̫һҡ
հν
һ齣⾭γأĥĹ켣
꣡
һƿµķ
ʱĺĿŽûԼ壬֫ٺصһըһѪ
ɱ£ǲŵĺ
ҲɱҪɱ㡣˵
ɶóѣһڡ
ŵ亹ֱð񵨺뵽ϹǾҪǰ̶һֵȫ칷գ
࣡
һ״ֻǵŴ󣬷죬ȻȣһԨɲ⣬ãã޼ʣųһ̣޾ڱһУͷ·칷һ㡣
ˣ
ʱԸоޱǿȻԽ˼޾Žʦǿߵ
籩
ֲġ䡢񶾵ӳɢ
ͣ
̣ʴѪ⡢
̷ҽޱȣͷ·˺ҧһ㣬Ƭ̾͵˵ϡ
󣬳˶˵Ĵ䣬õʮˡ
ৣ
û˿ԥ뿪


764 սͨԳ
ôͺϹǶϣΪֵʵǿڼ޺޵֮䣬Ƕ֡
ݱܷâõѡ
ɶˡ
ڳȥãϹǴżǺ¶˵ʬ壬ŭɱˣһɿɱ˸ңҲҳҪְ˫˫ն
ǣ˾ԵȴϹǡ
ͬʱ˵ˣǳＯһö弶ˡ
ɽޱͲ࣬ڶ̶һʱ⵽˴Űɱ
ʱ䣬ȥ֮
ԼѰޣʱѾ࣬Ѿ˹Ϸָɾˡ
໣
ȻԶԳХһɢ֮ľɻҽ
ޣ
ɽľްԣȶʦܵĴڡ
ৣ
һ£Ա
ʮ֮⣬һߴʮף޴ͬСɽһľԳ
ӰսŷѪˡ
˶޵оŽʦʵԽսӢţ֣Ȼ;Գս൱
ԣû°ɡ
ʱŷӭû¶ɫһɡ
ޣжʦܵʵսͨ졣ŷ忴Գ𺧵˵
ǰ֮Ҳֻ̬ܹһսһ˵
ŷѪȻǿޱȣоγ֮ܡ
ѵ
ֻŷʹһͭݺԳͬӴһض·ˡ
ۣ
ѪһѪͬѪһ㣬ϲѪ֮ɲ⣬Ѫ֮ضȾѪɫһѪѪʬ֮Գ
˶Ƕ壬һǿߣսʦܵĴڡ
ʱ˿̣չֳһ
սԳ
Գʵͬһ㣬ħƮƮֱԲ˫ͷ񷣬̤أһŲ£ض𶯣ѿ
һħԳ
ľԶľԼԲԳĶ֡
ͬʱҲ̾ŷѪ˵ʵǶһ۷Ĵڡ
ৣ
ͻȻһɵֱն򳽻ԡ
Сģ
ŷɫ䣬æֵ
޷
ɱһհνʩչ˫Ľ㵶ϣһѿ
Ϲǡ
ŷһֻϹǱӶ֡
ϹϢ󣬳鲼ܵĵͬһɲ⣬ĿƵĶųԣ˶ÿϹǲ
ʲôϹǣ
ŷվߣҪԡ
쿴ϹҪԸǳˣ
ߣҾ֪⳽ԻɱǺԪǱϹɱ
˵ĲϹǣǲˡ
˿򳽻ԺϹǶˣ۷׷ס
ϹɨŷһۣķԸס
ǣ
ֳҪֹŷ˾ȳԡ
ԣдڵɱǺԪҲɱ㣬Ϻڣ
Ϲͬһʱ䱬ںϿռ֮Уֱӱըͬһħ򳽻ԡ
Сġ
ŷ˴ҪԮȴֹǡ
ҿ˭ȵ㣿
Ϲ񶾣һҪɱԣ־ɱУ죬糤ƿգİ޿ɵֵ
ΪһʱѾ쵽ˣ̵ʱɱԡ
ɱ𣿡
һЦ齣Уƣϼܲգնȥ񣬿ҪϹ롣
޽ӽ޵оŽʦĴڣƾҲҸҶ֣ҿǻò֪νϹʵǿǽŷѪĴڣ񳽻Ծ֣ŭ
ǡԪҶɱοϹǡһ˵
սη壬ҫһ
ʱϹսһ
¡¡
ʱŷѪɱ޾Գ˾
ܿͽĿתƵ˳ϡ
ʱʵ̫עĿˡ
ǴǺˣ̨ϴܷǣɱǺԪˡ
һУɲһ˸ġ
ΪһϹǵˡ
ڶ壬ҸԵ̫ˣûС
һҸԵˣȻ˵עˡ
ŷѪҲ⡣
Ϲס֣˳֣Ǻŷԡŷ
ߣŷɴŷҡϹһһ߹ԣһ˵
ҹ
ŷʩչУҪԮԡ
ŷַģϹɱҡԹЦ
ϹϹѧͨˣһʦҲһսնɱ㣬ǲѴ֮顣Ϲǿޱȣݲñ˷Լ˳⻰ʱɱ¶
ʱ䵽ˡԹЦϹǣϹҲˡ
ʲôϹһȻӹ
ʱɶҪɱ㡣
ʱ䵽ˣǿȥ
ӹ𣬴ųɽ
أ
һϹǣαݳɽ
ɶĳԣ˳һ㲻ʮ塣Ϲ
ߡξٿξֵܹЦ
ɽ֮⡣
ٶֻٳͷʮ档
Ϲһ˫۾ųԣɱ˸ȴûж֡
Ҳǲ塣
ܺãóǵ˰ɡŷһʦܻһ˵
ԣÿһ˶óԼõˡ


765 һ·߸
ҲûгɣóԼõһٶˡ
ʲôɱôޣŷҵʦܼǰˣʱǳԾʵ
ϹˣҶѡԵȻ˵
ãܺáŷʦĵͷ˵
ɶ񡣡ϹһʮˣԱԼһĿɱ
ŶѪŷǶһ˵õһˣŷʦܿʵ
ŷѪ˹ص
ãǶ˲еһǰʮλĽءŷʦ˵Ϸʼ㡣
һÿһ˵Ļ־ͳˡ
κ⣬ĵ˵ڶ
ϹԵһڵɲķζըˣϹټҵ޽ӽ޵оŽʦĴڣȻһ߽ʦͼĺ棬ֱоܵĪһ
ŷȻֲ࣬ȴҲǰʮλ
ʮŽأ˳֮⣬ǾŽʦΪ
ֱһ࣡
󣬳ԻصסԺ䡣
һ弶ˣȥɡûκγɣ̽ȫͶӡС
лӡʮֻϲˡ
Կʼڴˡ
ʥǣŷ
룬һʮɵı̨ӳ˷ֵ֣ܹʦܵĹ
ʮžۼʵƴ
ϹĿ䵽ϣһʶСӣϣҪң
ңʹ
ɶ񡣡Ϲɫ࣬޺޵Ŀ˳һԣĥԡ

һ
ֻ˴ڱ̨ǰζ黯Ϣɲ⣬˫Ŀǳɴ⡣
ڿʼֵϱ̨ŷ˵
٩
δ䣬ֻϱ̨
ʼ
һ£˽жԾ
ǱԹأʵûʵȥǿ߶ԾǾ·һ
ԣֻǿ߲ܻʸ
磬ǿΪ
ڶֵ쾡£Ͼв
ܾãһԽʤ
ʮˣʮԣݱĽС
ŷѪˣǺĽһֱƴ
ŷҲˡ
ԣſ񣡡
ֻϹ߳һˣԼĶ־Ȼǳԣʱ¶֮ɫη˵ҲĶ֣
ߣҲҪ򣬷͹ɡϹ˵
ǡſְԵԳԾͰԵˡ
ǺǣϹǵˣܺãҾȵ㣬ȻٴЦǺǵ˵

ſôҲһŽʦǿߣʵǿͨѧͨս԰ܣʵǶ֮ʩչǿѧ
ˮȭ
ŭһ˫ȭ趯̺ˮ׵罭ӹ಻ڿžͬŽһ㡣
׻ױ
ɫž޲Ȼӿȼգ˸ڻڣˮ֮Уǻȼգը
ſҲȴ޷ͳȣֵס
ˮ֣
ſһڿն˫Ԫȥһɫ֣϶³ųͷȥ
ˣſЦȥɡ
հν
ɫ䣬¶֮ɫһ£һţһͷɫ̷ѿһſϣѪ𣬲ҽһˤ˱̨ϡ
һʤ
Ϲɫɱ֡
ܿ죬ֵϹϳ
Ҳŭԭһнֱն£ֶ顣
￵ľӮҲһ֡
ֻһʱ䣬;ǰʮˡ
գеڶֱԡ
һսΪʮ͵ʵӽŽʦа˴Ľܳӵܡ
Ҫ֣ܼܶѡ
ϹǣѾԺ޵ˣ޲̺ͳԶԾݺݵ
˴ȻǲǿǰԾġ
ԼʱŷѪĶ֡
ŷԴΪһϹͬСɣŷ˵Ϲѧͨʵɲ⡣
ѪУ亱Ѫ֮ھһǳԵľС
ˣԻʵսʤġ
Ϲǣ
ĻԻݺݵĽѵһ٣ֻǺô
ɱĻʵϹټɱȻϹټҵŭڳѾҺԼҶϣٱϹټҵϣûڶˣҪ
ԣҪʱ򣬳ԻɱϹǡ
ڶ졣
ʮǿڱ̨ܡ
˴ĳйע
һף
ܿ죬һԿʼ
ĶԾ
̨ϣսʮּҡ
ʱŷϱ̨
ֻʩչУʹ˶֡
Ѫӵĸɾ䣬һɶ֡
ŷξֵܷ׷ϳȻҲǾŽʦǵʵȴеġ
ݱʮּҡ
Ϲ̨ݺݵĿ˳һۣɶ֣ѶԷѪڣˣֱ۵ȴǺöˡ
ľӮֳֳǹǹâ纣Ѹٴֽܶһ֡
￵ҲСһֳ뻯˳ܶ֡
󼸳ֵԡ

磡
հν
ڣԻ뱩©̫ĵƣǼУҲܶ֡
һЩҲ˳ʵ
ŷ
Ѫ
˶˸оԵʵ򵥣ҲԺһս


766 ѪĽ
ϹȻҲóʵûĻǴóһӴܡ
ԣڴһսݺݴܳԣǰܾ衣
ڣٵսʮǿˡ
ԡŷŷ塢ѪϹǡһ졢ξٿξϡӰ￵ľӮٻ͡ࡢ̩졣
ʮǿߣ
Ƕ壬һ۷Ĵڡ
˰˴ˣ˶һӵܣȻȲϰ˴壬Ҳ˶١
кٻȴϹǵˣϯĸ
ߴŽʦ׷ߣҲֻһ˽ǰʮ
Ĵսˡ
ʮˣһγǩһţֱӽǰ
ʮ˽жԾˣһˣˣа˽ģĽ˴ΰٵսһˡ
ڰ˵ڶ
һΣȡ˵һ͵ڶҪõϾֻǰõĽŻӵķ
ˡ
һĺĳӵпʼ
ʮγǩ
ҳ鵽šξЦ
ĺšӰ˵
šԿһǩ˵
ʮšһ
һʮĺšŷЦ
ȻξٿЦһϣȻһǩȡǰʸ
ϲ硣ξϸ˵
˼˲ݸû뵽ԸˬξٿȻֱӽʵûг鵽һţҲԽǰǿ
үھҰξٿʮָˣЦ˵
ߣ˹ʺ˶ѡϹʮֵĲɫξٿξֵܣûкøС
ˣڿʼ䡣ŷϸ˵
һŶĺţ
ԣӰ裬绨䣬Ʈ̨ϡ
ǶӰ֪ĺ˭
˼һ̨ǶӰʱ̨ۡ
ȻٿȻȻֹһž
ֻһѪµѪһһ߳˳Ϣغϣ·֮䡣
Ѫ
ʧû뵽ĺžȻǴ˴ΰٵսһĴѪ
ܹŷһϸµĴڰ
һɫ΢䣬˵ѪĽ˫ʵĪ⣬һ¹Ӯ治󡣡
¹ﲻ˰ξٿҲü˵
ڳˣ˵ˣѪ
룡
ӰԶ¼壬ѪһҲһޣ֪ԼĽȲѪԼԼĶ¶֮ɫһֻζ׹һɫС
ϹԺ轣
ϹûоĻ֣ǿƷϽ׻
ߣԸҪϹҲȥѡʦƳʦܳưԵ½ܳ
ԣϹΪʦʦܵѡ
ϾкܶϹżϹĴڣҲǼƴ󣬶Ҫһ㣬Ϲڳκԣڵı֣֮ں̶ܴߵѡ
ѪеĲѪҲһϹ˫
һ㣬óԾȡ
Ϊڶݴ󲿷ϹƿʦУʦǿϹļ亱
ϸһ룬ȴҲףǱܱ½ݣǼϡ٣ϹܾǺʶϹ١
ͬŨڶ֮ϡ
⣬ǶӰѪˣǰ˴ĵϵߣ԰˴ưԶʷҪϹϹѧǺ׵ġ
Դˣһ˽⣬ݵǶݵϣǿڶ࣬Ų
ǿҲڶ˵ٻȲڣϾǶݵһš
ڸŵԪȴ֪֮꣬ʵԸ߳ݾްԵĴڡ
ԣ
նţΪԼãΪԼһֻ
ҪΪű𣬻ضԶ
ȥ룬ԽĿͶ̨
ৣ
ӰɣȣɫԪŷ⣬עԺ轣Уһն
ȷ˹ơ
ΪӰ֪ԼʵѪռȻĻĸ졣
һޱȣ̺ͽ־
ȻӰҲһţ˾֮ҽ־
ԵǶһһޡ
Ѫ
ѪأѪӣϦƻãһһţϦʧĸо
Ѫ֮
ӰĽ߽⣬ֳ֮ơ
Ժף
ٿȻӰһһ磬ϡʵ׳ϡ
ײۣȴ̺Ϲϵ
ͶӰеĲԺ轣һϹǲԺ轣
֮ƣӰϵĽϢǣȽ
һֱ֣ʩչԼĵƽ
գ
Ժ轣һ޼᲻ݵһ̺ռͻ
ɱ
ɱһС
Ѫ
ѪԶӰϹŽҲɫֺͳǧĴһ㣬о˧֮硣
Ѫ̺Ѫ֮ԪѪ֮ǣԹصѪ֮
ǣ£֮·Ѫ֮Ĵһ㣬ԲһУѪǿһϣ۵һɢ
Ѫһֲ˹
Ӱ·ѾԤϵһ㣬̽һתʩչڶС
׷꣡
һϢ·ϹǸǹ貵磬н¡¡ȣڷڣ׷ݶϣҪ
ʱһ죬ѪһȻƽˡ


767 ԵϹ
˶һû뵽Ӱһ
ԶݣһѾ˼޾Žʦ
ϹŽ
ȻӰֻǼ޾ŽʦʩչԺ轣ȴӵ˳Խ޾Žʦʵ
Ѫȴʵʵڵ޵оŽʦǿߡ
Գδǿĳԡ
ң
ֻѪֲֻƮϢ䣬Ѫһ㡣
вѪлһĹ켣£ȴ·̺ĳضһ˿仯
¶ݣһϣоһĽͬʩչȻһһ㣬ңأֻԼһˡ
ͣ
ǾĿУһƿռ䣬Ǵʱգ̼һ̶ǳ
أ
һ죬ֻӰһȥԼҲ˳ȥ
㲻ҵĶ֣ɣ
ѪͬһѪԴκ˶ˣӰǧĿеŮӣǰֻһ֣û
ߣѪٽһ䡣
ӰǶ¼飬˶УҪӮĺøУŷһҲˣΨѪǶһˣκ˶һӡ
ȻöӰЩ
Ժ裡
һʩչ˲Ժ轣һԺ衣
ãһֵڲԺ轣°һͣһ޶ϼ
һ˻ģͬһɲãأԺ硣
Ӱ˵˵ǣһ޷ʩչȫ
ӰţѪҪƽһԲס
Զоһ֪Ѫƽģ
Ѫ
ѪһֻһȦȦѪɫɢѪѪ֮ͬһңڻ滭أ֯һ𣬾ͬһϦһ㡣
¡
Ѫ֮ĽϽ٣Ϣͬеĵһ㣬ޱȣѹһС
أ
Ӱʱ𿪣һɳȥ
ৣ
ѪһȻס˶ӰС֣˳Ƶ
Ӱʱһƣһ˵ſң
Ѫģй־飬ŶӰһۣһ£æ֡
ߣһΪһֱľͷأллˡӰһŷ˵һ䡣
˵꣬ĿѪһۣ±̨
һѪʤŷ
һ˵֮УΨһϵľѪȻӢ۾ˡ
⵹ǳ˶ʶ
֣Ҳ֪ʩԮ֣һȶӣ˵
᲻Ǽ¹ɣˡξٿֱֱҲ˵
˵˵ӰĪһ죬ݺݵξٿһ˵
ˣ˶һЦٶ˵
Ŷţ
ʱŷڶԡ
磬ȥˡ
ξ˷ܴУԾϱ̨һļ⣬͹ԳͬһСɽһ㡣
ξϣû뵽ҵĶ־Ȼ㣿
ȻһЦ
ֻϹǾȻյϱ̨
Ϲǣξˡ
ǰֵֶϹǵĶ֣οһˡ
һҲʤѶ
Ȼ˵ξٿɫһܻ˵ܵܲĶְ
ϹΪɣҪξСġһü˵
ӰҲͷǶ֪ϹΪ˲զʵȴǺǿ
ξϣϹǵޱȵ˵ξٿ֣ҲԺһսһˣǾֻķݣҸһᣬԶ䣬Ƥ֮ࡣ
룡ξϵԸȻûдξٿֻ꣬ԶԣϹͬûʲôøС
ΪǰֵܾͺϹǱȹһȴǰˡ
ԣϹǲиղⷬ
ȴǼξеŭ
ߣҪҲգҾͺúýѵѵ㣬֪ôϹһЦ˵
ɡξϽе
ߣͬĵԣҲգҾ͵磬д㡣Ϲǲһ˵ȫûнξϷС
ɶ񣡡
ô˵ξҲξټĶݱϹǲ˶٣裬ξټӣȻǱס
ˣ
һɺأϢϣֱ۾ͬһ㣬ҶСƾһ޸ơ
츫
Ϲξٿİ츫һױһ𣬿ԺϹ޵оŽʦս
ξٿֵơ
ְֳ츫ƥͬһ㣬ɽӡ
ϹС
ξϢǣâ£ȽȽף˫Ųȶ̨¡ֳִ֮ͬϹǣҪ롣
ξϣ󵨣
ϹǴŭξϺͬȻСֱĿˡ

һóһڹĴ󵶣ѩɢһϢӰߵ־ͬһ
ҲһϹ׼
ն
ϹǱϢ֣ͬһˣûκ˿Ӱ쵽
飡
ֱֱնڰ츫ϣʱ䣬һ죬׹ֱǽξ˳ȥ
ɶ񡣡
ξϱһϢ֣пһŭĶϹǡ


768 ΪҲɱ
ðԵһĿ˸òϹǵȷʵǿξϺһϡ
ǿ
˾Ŀ¶ɫ
ϹȴԽĿԴ󣬲һˡ
ɶϹǣҴҵܵܣҾĲ㡣ξٿֵܵĹϵãͬʹ࣬ܵξϱһ
ߣξٿΪϹǻֵǸֻҵ°ܽѡϹһһξٿ˵㿴ˣֻǵһܱܵذܣ
ɶ񣡡ξٿ񼸺ҪڴȥϹһս
һͶӰŮ˼æȰ
һ̣ϹǵİԵչ¶ɡ
𣡡
ξϴһϹǣҵҪҵġ
أ
̨𶯣ֻξϹЮصĴͬڵһ
죡
һξʩչԵһâԵ绢ʨԵĿ£иռ䣬·Ҫһ㡣
¡¡
һ羪׹ӿϢҪĨɱϹǡ
ɢϢɫ䡣
֪ξϵǿһ
㣬նɱ
ϹĿ飬дַе־ееܣʤ磬Եǳ
һȫ񶼷·һ
飡
նڰ츫ϣصֻξȫƺһѪ
ܵܡξٿ˼
ֻǵڶҵ
ξδأϹһЦʩչڶ
񣡡
ն£ââ¶죬һͬһӯĴˣҪξϡ

ֻξϸֵסһ츫ֶݺУͬ⵽׻һ㣬ȫѪǷڣڣѪˤ˱̨ϡ
ߣûҲҴʴʣ³ϹǸξϣٴصߣֳ񵶰Ե˫˵
ۡξҪ˵һѪ
һϹʤŷޱ˵
ϹǵĿξٿһۣĿɨԣһ˿ɱ±̨
ܵܡ
ξٿô𣬽ܵξϱξټĳҲ
ξϷ¡ԴӴȡһöҩݸξٿ˵
ǳԲ౾ԴƶɣмǿĻָá
áξٿԳǺΣӹҩ͸ξϷ¡
лСѡξٳϿ˳һۣм˵Ȼ֪ʲôҩȴоõöҩ̺˼ǿ޸
ȻƬ̣ξϾѹҲ˴롣
ܵܣоΣξٿϲʵ
ףҲ˺صôôͻָ˴룿ξϼ壬ɻʵ
̫лл˳ԡξٿϲ˵
ҶѣһöҩлЦ
ţֵܾͲˡξٿξֵܶǾнˣԸˬЦ
ξٿ׺˵ɶϹǣҵֵһҪúýѵ֮𡣡
šξصĵͷ
һ졢ŷͶӰ˼ξôصˣ³Եĵҩ̺˴룬ж¶˾ɫ
ʲôҩ
ȻǿĻָ¾ǸߵȼҩҲ˰ɡ
Ƕûжʡ
ҲֻһЦûж˵
ˣϹСӵʵѾ޽ӽ޵оŽʦСѵҪŬһȷʵĹˡξٳ˵
֪үүξٿξֵܼæӦ
ξٳϵͷصϯλϡ
һĻϹǿУɫһӾˡ
ɶ񣬳СȻд˵ȵҩǸϹݺݵ˵ǲŹġ
ģ¶һںԡٻ͹˵
ܺáϹĿĵͷ
˶ԳеҩȤϾǾı
Ŷ԰˺š
ˡ
ԵһЦϱ̨
ԣȻ㣿
ֻٻһ̤Цһ䵽̨ϣųԣһ˿֮ɫ
֣ϹǵˣúýѵСӡξٿ
ԣξҲ˵
ˣһ˶һЦ
ٻͣϹվݺݵ˵
ģһúýѵѵСٻĿƣһԶ˳Ե˵
⳽ԵϹǣһǲˣٻ͵ʵǺǿġ
ǰܹξ棬⳽Թƻ䵽ξϹǵ³
Űɣ⳽ԾǻҲϹǣ·һû˾ȵ
˶ڵۣһûбСӣϹǣûл·
򳽻ԣѪŷ˶¶һ˿Ȥ֮ɫ
ٻ͵ʵϹµһȷǺԪ˶Ҫǿ
޾Žʦǿߣ
һۣԾͿ˴˵ս
ϹǵˣԶҲûʲôģ˵ٻͣǡԪҵĸɱѵΪҲɱ𣿡
˻
˻һ˲һĿɿڴĿųԡ
֪ľϹǡ
ǰĳԱǸоֱûпɱԡ
ΪϹǣҲɱЩһļ̳ˣԸңҸڱ̨ϣвٻͣҪ֪ҿǶһеٮٮߣʵٹ̣һڣ˸ҵ
ˣˣ⳽Լֱǿ˼㣬ҵвٻ͡
ǰֱϹǻҪ񣬲ˡ
ҵʵɱȷҺԼǿˣϹǲ֣⳽Ҳˡ
˵ۣ˿̵ĳУһˡ


769 ٻ
ֲǳֶ֣ҿûСξٿһЦ
˵ǣȻҵϹǣȻҲٻˡξЦ
ֹȻƽһˡŷЦ
ϹǺͶӰҲǳһҪ֪ǣҲԺٻ˵
ٻɫһָ࣬ԣӲ˵֡
Ҹò˵㣬Ҳ˵㡣˿ӣȻ˵

ٻĴú׷ϹǣҲĴڣŷѪ˵û뵽һޱСӣԼ˵ֱǴĵߡ
ɱҪɱԡ
¡
һɿ񱩵⣬׹˸ȫ˫һһǹԻ׻˸ͬڲһ㡣
׻ǧ
һ㣬̶ǹ˺ѣ˵裬ǧ⻡򳽻ԣգͬһ㣬Ҫĥ
žžžһĺУǧƽˡ
ǰҲҶĲ֪
ԼȻһЦ齣ճ糤羭죬׺գ˸촷׹һ㣬
ءһǧͱû
ʲô
ٻɫ䣬̲סһˣҧǰԣ㲻Ҫţ
䣡䣡䣡
ǹ֮䣬Ƶǹâڵһ£γһƬǿųһС
ֻ
ԣҿӣ
ٻǹЮ⻡ӳԹЦ
ӣһֻ۾ˣ
Բм˵ƾҲӣҿǻȥˡ
ٻͱ⻰ĲѪ۴УǹҪ׺ɱԡ
⣡
齣鲼׹⣬ϿգԳһ磬϶ֶ£һ޵Уѹķ
˽־ͽ⡣
ۣ
ųͬһʯӴƽһ㣬һ£ըޱˣ֮
ɶ⣡ǹ⡣
ٻĴʩչǹ⣬ᴩأγ֮ܣƲ꣬ʩ¶
ݣ
һ裬ײϣʱһը˶Ĥ
ԣ˵һ֮ҲϹǰţɱǺԪˣҿˡ
ٻưɽӵ
ǹǹ־βƣͬʯһ㲻ֺ
Ǽ޾Žʦǿߣ
ô
ЦȵãҾ͵˵棬ѵõҧˡ
׽⣡
һӿڣע齣У쳹أ񱩡ᡢȫӿٻ͡
Խ⣿
ٻͳһʨŭǹӰΣǹ䣬纮ʱڣѩƮһ㡣
Сӣ׿ʨǹϹǹܣѾɾ磬δǰʩչվһǹٻ͹ЦԵǷϹһһ˵
¡
շ·һֻǴƬǹۣγһͷѩ׿ʨ
𣡡
ѩ׿ʨХվ֮䣬ӨӨһƬͬΡΡѩɽ֧֫ͬأſγһѣųɶ
𽣹⣡
һвЧʩչڶС
հν
Ľһţѩ׿ʨϣһ
ʱѩ׿ʨϢ֡
ɶ񣬸ҼӴ
ٻĴĿ޾עԪϢ˥ѩ׿ʨָǿˣϢɽ󽭣ĺȶأһ㣬ֱײ뽫Իײ
ʢ˥ʱ
ǧһ֮ʣԴӿʩչһԵ
쵽ҹ糱ǵ䣬紺쵽죬ѩ׿ʨϢǿʮ˺ٻ͵ƿأ򳽻ԡ
Ȼһ˲䣬ѩ׿ʨ˲䰧һԪ۵ɢ
ۡ
ʱٻ⵽ԪתһѪ
ٻͣҪΪԼʨӣʨˣʼնǹԺ˵
ٻЩһѪ˶ɵĿⶢųԺ
ߣٹ㲻ҵĶ֣ǹ̨ȥɡ
һٻͽкٹȻϹ˵ˣôһˣżֱǶۡ
ۡٻ⻰ʱһѪ˫һɣȥˡ
ιٹ㲻װɣԹʵ
ģιȥˡ
ŷĿ˳һ̨ۣһ˵һʤ

ʱȫȻЦ˭û뵽Ե˶ֱ˵ĺٻȥˡ
Ϲǵɫǰδе࣬˫Ŀ˸ɱ޲̽Դſ£ݺݲϼţġ
֣̫ˡξٿֵܹЦ
֣аŷ岻òҡͷЦ
ӰҲ̿Ц
ڿǳ׵Ϲˡһ˵
ߣɱǺԪѾעҺĹϵһ˵


770 ŷʵ
⳽ԹȻʵǿٻͶˣֻٻʵԩȻιȥ
˭⳽Ե˶κ˹ƶΡ
һǰϹﰡ
ڵ۷׷ס
ĳߺšźš
ŷϻ£ֻ˱̨
һʤѩòͨ˫ĿȴʮֵעĿȻǳֳһְ׹˲񱻶ĸо

Կһۣ֮ɫû뵽ʩһǺ
ںȴʩԱġ
̤̤
һصĽŲͬߵ˵һ㡣
ֻŷһŴ󶦵ĳһ˱̨ΰתԣͬһ˸СҲûС
ŷ
ɫ䣬һ
漴һһɱ紵ǳصĽŲȥ
һĻó¶֮ɫ
û뵽ŷˣƴѹ࣬û뵽ȴƽ⡣
Ҳͬˡ
һսҲȤˡ
ΪԽǿڳ˽ŷʵԽ
ͬʱ̨˶ע̨ҪɱԵϹҲˡ
һսûŷȻࡣ
ŷʵ֪ģҲܹࡣ
ҵǲôһģһսûпͷҪ֪ĺռǼΪֲġ
ô˵ҵеȤˡ
۷׷ףжˡ
ŷΰǷŻ󣬾ͬ˼һ㣬࣬ͬڿԼĳӣ࣬ڹҵϣڲ֪ĺռжǿˣ
Ծ֪ˡɫһĨأյǿУҴ⡣
˵֮䣬һɱ䳹ǵĺɢΪģ˷ȥŷ
꣡꣡꣡
ŷǹһĨȣζˡ
ʱǶܵĺȫ߽⡣
ৣ
ں߽˲䣬දˣ˫ƻӶųѤõİ׹⣬Ө͸ͬһ㣬ɢϢð̡
ƣ
һһ˱̨ϣ꣬ʱһɼǿĺ׶εķʽŷӶȥ̸̨һڵֹͣ
ƣͰԵķ
ƣ
ŷͺһֻģ̱
һӣŷȻǰƮѩ׵Ŀͬʵڣɢͭâ
ˣ¶֮ɫѰŷ壺ŷ֣ʲô
צŷ³֣ɫѵ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ʲôԶʱһŷΰ˵һдˣУһˡ
֪ǧָצŵ벻ˡ
Կ϶̤ߣʮǿ
޹ֺŷܹԽŲ𶯶ֵ飬Ķ֣ǿУҴ⡣
Ըҿ϶ֻǶһ۷ıɽһǶѡ
ŷ΢΢һЦ·⳽Եľɫ˵ҴָɺɳɰٵɳڸǽʯãצһһʦܣֱǱҴһצƿ
ԣٴһ
˽ܣϣʩչ治Ҳֻв౾ԴóԵķﵽ۷塣
һսҴʤҲƵԪֱӶĺռ䣬Ҵ綼мѡŷǺһЦٴ˵
ڴ˻ûлɡ
ʶͿԸоںŨȣƽһˡ
£ΨЩʦܲſԺȽϡ
أ
ʱŷٴƽһС
ֻ˫ֳצݺץӥ׽ӥãûκεƫ
ѩ׷ף
պմأ
ѩ
ʩչУŷһצƽ⡣
צֱ˹ĩľ磬ƣĹһ¡
ʩչĺռɡ
ŷһƽ̬ȻƵᡣ
ռ䣡
״֪˺ռ䣬Լ޷κŷ
ֻһҧ߹ںԪ˫Ʒһһɵĺ֮磬˶ϯȫضɫ䣬·һѩص硣
ͣ
ɺʮֿɲٶ֮죬ȥǧ꺮
˵ԺƿأѾﵽһǷ켫ľ硣
أ
ڣŷͣ£ʽ⡣
ܺãĺռһǰǿϧȻҵĶ֣ɡ
ŷ͵Ŀһۣɫһ˫צһצֱӱըٿȻһֻצԪȻͷſ޿ڣצĳȥ
аצ
ŷϹצ֮һԴʯһСɽƾһץҲҪը
Ȼռ佫ŷаצȴ¶ϳȥ͵һ
ʱһ꣬صһռ䱬ը
أ
ŷһץֱӽƷ˳ȥ
ŷʤŷ
ŷһսķڷ
˵꣬Ծ±̨
ԣŷֻһЦصλϡ
ϹȴһȻ뿴ŷͷһ档
峡ʮţʮš
£ֱ̩˱̨
ŶҵĶһ쳤𣬺Ц˵ãǹ￵ͶľӮĻһ׽ǰǿ
ּ͡ξٿȭ˵
ৣ
һͷһֻͬһֻëһ㣬ƮƮ䵽̨ϡ


771 ŷ
Ŷһս̩
ʵ࣬һӮҪһЩϾҪѧͱʤ̩
˴˽ǰǿǿ϶ġ
ۡ
ߣͳԽõģͨͨҵĵˡ
·Ϲɫƽȴ˸⣬ﰵ뵽һ־ǰ˽ˣҪǳԣҪȻĥ
֣롣
̩һϮͷƹڣƷǷ
ϣһɺصĴ֮Ϣ
ԿԶ϶ľ
롣
һֳȣ¹ڳŲףϴһĨ΢Ц
ৣৣ
ͬʱһ̩ˣ̵ʱײһ
̩ƵƷӰǿ
ó벻ǣһǰȾȻһҲΪֶΣַʮ£Ѹޱȣ̩Ʒ֮䣬ͬһεգȴ
ڶ̶ʮʱ˽ϰٴΡ
ÿһΣʮּҡ
ʵϣһʤһ޾Žʦ̩ȴǸոʵ
ңһȷĵԪ̩࣬ƷȴǼԪ˳֮£һչֳơ
գ
ɣ
ɽҷͣ
̩ȫ־ںһʩչʽʮͣÿһƶͨŽʦ˶Žʦ
ʵɼһߡ
һʵҲǷͬ죬һȣ任
ôֵ֣ȷɣξЦ˵
ȷʵƽԵͷ˵
Ȼûкȷ߽֣һַͿԿЩͷʮֵ£ǵһζԸ͵ߣԻԴ
̩ܹ֮ƴɱΪһ첻ǵһν֡
ȿϹȣ鶯ҶϣҲֻ䡣ξϹЦ
̩֧Ųסˡŷ˵
𣡡

̩
ֻһʩչɱƣ̩ɽˮˡ
ৣ
һЦ̩ʵֶξҵϣܹǿУһҵʵ
ǺǣҴһΣŷЦ
ǻˡһЦ˵
״˶һЦ
ѾʼľӮ졣
ǰߵǹȻʮǺ
ԿĳľӮǹһ졢ŷ弸֮ϡ
һĶ֡
ǽԵѧںϵʮнĺأƿأȽӴڷ棬Ƕһġ
ǹ
գľӮʩչɱУ졣
ֵˣֻû뵽ҵĶŷ˵
￵Ӱһһ˿죬Ϊ֪֮ǰŷ͹￵һǹ￵Ӯˣŷˡ
ŷϣξٿξֵܽе
Ϊɡŷ嵭ȻһЦѵ˵
˵Щɥʲôξٿ˵
ŷѾ˱̨
֣ʲôʱ¹￵ˣξɻʵ
ǰǶ˴һŷˡӰ˵
ξٿֵܾһԭ
Ȼȴû˵
ʱ￵Ҳŷ棬Ц˵û뵽ôֶˡ
ְɡŷɴ˵
á￵һһӣһںڷĳ޳ϣһͻ˳ȥڹ⻮ռ䣬ͬѿһ㡣
ߣѾһΣҪ򣿡Ϲ˵
ŷѪҲûйĹעΪǵʵ׿Լʵ͵ˡ
һ
ںϣ
޼
￵ı޷䣬һ糤ߣһ㣬һʮֶ䣬ĥ͸ı޷
ʱԲǵһοŷ֡
üͷһ壬Էŷ徹ȻûжһĳһǼƷַ⻹˽ڵ־Ԫֱһ¯ʲôС
ò˵ŷʵҲʤһξϵĳ̶ȡ
￵Ȼǲһ㡣
ɽһ
׶ɽƣ
֣
һյʱ䣬ŷֶξǰ˹￵ϡ
ߡϹһ¶Ц⡣
һֱԽǿԡŷѪϹǡ￵һ졢ľӮޱ˵ξٿ
ˣ˳ԣǰ˴ˡ
ŵ˵ǾǿĻһ˾ǶӰ
ܸѪʵǶ̫ǿˡ
˸һεߡ

һֻŷԽ˵ڿʼ˽ĵıԡ
һһšţ
δ䣬ֻξٿ߳Ŀ࣬ͬСɽһͬһ㣬˫ͭ壬Ź￵˵￵̨һս
ξٿçȲ𣿡
￵Ц˵ܵξ֣ҲǶֻ֣һˣ޼ޣͿԴش
ϻ˵ɣ
ξٿƴֿʵϸȶ졣
ѵҹ￵㲻ɣ
￵ɲξٿ񣬻Ӷ޼޹ڹ£ӳԪʵʣԶͺһ˺ҧξٿһ㡣
飡
ξٿ࣬ְֳ츫ֱһˣһӾ޼ϣǱ䣬ѹ￵ˡ
״ξٿЦ￵β㣡


772 VSϹ
޼
￵ֻһЦҲ⣬ʩչĲ
ֻƻľͬһ㣬ĲˮΣ뺣ɣƾԾ
һʱ䣬ξٿ￵
ξֵһü˵
İ츫Ԫ۹￵ȴǱʵӲƴ˳ȥξֻֿһܡԵͷ˵
￵ײ޼޼޷Ǻ϶ΪһģʮӰ˵
ɶ⹫￵ثֲɣֻ֪㡣ξŭ
ξٿ񼸺ͬһʱ￵ثֲɣǰֻ֪㣬б潻棿ֻξٿͷ󺹣ƶСĺ¡
ξٿٷϻб¾Ұ￵ҲգǹЦ˵
ɶ񣡡
ξٿ񱾾һƢԸˬ￵ƣȻǴŭӵҡ
죡
ѵأ
˻ն
ӶĸʩչξٿԪȴû˵￵ֺ
ѽҲˣˡ
ݺݵŹ￵ξٿڴڴ˵￵Ϣһٴ򡣡
ûᡣ
ˣ￵ξٿϢĻᣬʩչԵһޡ
мˣ
￵ƽξٿͻȻվЦ츫
һɰԵңͬһ￵
أ
￵ɱֲ˳ȥ
̫ˣӮˡξϸ˵
δأξ̫Ԫղһһˡһҡͷ˵
ŷͶӰ˶ĬȻȻͬһ㡣
ɶ⹫￵̫ƻˡξ
ԣݸһЦ￵ξٿҲһļ򵥣Ҳ¶ˡ
￵ʤһأȻһӮȻġ
￵û뵽ҹ¶㹥ɣ㻹Ӯ𣿡ξٿЦ
ξٿҸڵ㻹мԪɣɣ˭֪￵ĴЦ˵
ɶ񡣡ξٿɫһ
̨£ŷѪ˶ңңͷ
˴ĳҲˣξٿԪľ䶨ˡ
ȻйξٿԪã￵ܣ۴Уȴ޿κΡ
̫ɶˣҵԪĴһСӵﶼʶ
һξٿ˵һΣһԼӵ
磬ʱֵ֣ԼʶԼξҲߵ
ˣԺһ졢Ӱ˶ݸһЦ
ξٿξֵȴĵ·Ѿѹ￵һ㡣
ڶšĺţ
ֻһЦ˵֪ҵĶ˭
ѪԳ˵
ԣξٿ˶ɫһ䣬ֻһѪµѪѾ˱̨˵Сġ
֪
һصĵͷ̤ϱ̨
ȻһԾѪ
ⳡԾе㿴͸ϾһʵҲ
ʼΪѪӮһЩϾŷʵ̫ˣ˴һӵܼϹ
ĿԴɣ
̨µۡ
ߣò˶ҵ񵶷ܹԲʵﵽ޵оŽʦʱҾҪѪŷǿ˭һˡ
ϹǿѪһǳԣһֻ־Ū
˴ĳһֱƽۿǵΪжԾǵע⡣
롣һ칰˵
аɡѪɫ䣬Ѫ֮תϢɭ䡣
ৣ
žһһķʽƽѪ

Ϲ޼᲻ݣɹ˿أȶ֮£ǿ絹ͬŽһ㡣
ͣ
·𲼲˺ѵֻɫĿ类һΪһѪӨӨĽ£Զ۾ͬһѪӳ৶£ƺƵ
ͬʱѪĵһ죬ͨʽ˲ңóĵƳɡ
𣡡

̩
һһһнһеɱʩչȥգҫڰȴǱѪһһ⡣
飡
ң
̩
ѪĽ·״ѵûƽ⡣
ѪĽѾﵽǷ켫ֿ֮²Ķ֡ŷ˵
̵ģСҲ̫˰ɡξٿֵ˵
ĽҿûκӰ˵
˵ǽ似߳ôǾųɡԵͷ˵
ôξٿ񾪵
˿̣УȻܹһǿߡ
ԵȻһЦȴ˵
˼˾Ͳʣ̨

ѪȽǻ䣬̻һѤá
һȴû֮ǰѪ̬ϢƽȣƳСϪ಻
磡
һһȫ򿪣һѤõİ׹ϯͬӾ৶£¡¡
ǾһŰɫ籩ͬ磬·졣
¾
ѪֲֳѪһʮֽʱ죬Ѫ֮Ѹӣͬ籩ӿһԵĹ˽ȥǰɫ籩ϣһ죬ǧһ㡣
أ
ʱֻһ챻˳ȥ
ɫһǺ죬һףȻԪڷڣڹ
ȣ
Ѫٴһ̴ȣ߹ȫԪ罭ʶһкǧ


773 񵶾
¡
ȷȳȻһ죬ֻͷϿվȻһݣһСĿͬնһ㣬ѩѩ׵Ĵ罭ӵһѪ
籩
һƣȣвһʦϹͨ
Ѫɵ籩пռ籩ܹƽ⣬Ҿ䡣һȵ
ã
ѪһܷƬѪ⡣
Ѫ
Ѫȣ˵ҾѪһУķڷ
Ѫ
һУ飬ԼѪ֮֯˸һ
һУγһʯӡӡģ·ѪѹħʯȽ𣬺ݺݳײǷ籩ϡ
¡
һ춯صı죬ֻ籩̱֮ը޾ϯ
˲䣬һεʮɫ԰ףòѹȥѪ˵Ȼ籩Ҿˡ
˵գһ±̨
Ѫʤ
ѪԣɫȻ±̨
šߺţŷ
ҵȵˡ
δ䣬һЦ
ֻѪվһ˫Ŀͬϻ۾׹¶ųԣԣ㿴ûУүڰңҿӣ
ǾҿϹʲô°ɣҪͷ
һ˿𺣬ϱ̨
Сġ
ŷں涣֪ϹǵʵΪˣǱӣ˵׼Щʲô
ߣϹǾҪúýѵһ١Ϲ˵
ŷѪ˶âһ򳽻ԺϹǶˡ

ȫڡ
⳽ˣϹһݺݽѵġ
ǰȻԹ涨ɱ֣ϹǵݿǷͬСɣ⳽Ժޱ˵׼ͱϹɱˣʱɱˣ⳽Կ޶ûطˡ
˵еϹǵΪȷʵá
ôೡУڴԺϹǶԾ
ΪìѾãɱͶϹǵƣִǶˣٺɱǺԪ
ˣԺϹǵìֱܼǲɵ⡣
ڵȵһսˡ
˶ڴ
˴ĳҲ¶һ˿Ȥ֮ɫϾһӳԵķͷ̫ˣ벻עУϾɱķǺԪǳԴ壬ǲưոݵġ
һսԾֻŷѪ֮µϹǡ
Ƕ뿴жʵ
ԣ֮ŴϷŪңҾҪڡϹţޱȣĿ⿴򳽻ԣǲмͬ忴һһ㣬ǾһС
ϻ̫ˣְɡ
ԺĴϣ˵Ҳ뿴ԴĿһУһ竣мֱ¡
ɶˡ
Ϲһ࣬ͬԵ˫ĿҪԳԵ
ϹǲԵԣҪȺúõĥ

һڵ񵶱ϹУڣ⣬ʣɢһϢͬһʮĴһ㡣
ų˵Ҿϴǰڡ

Ԫ߹ɣϹ񵶣ϯ֮
񵶣նɣ
ϹĿƣ֮ͬâҪݺݵնɱԡ
һ֣ϹǾûд飬ȻɱҲҪϵ
籩
ܵϹǵ뷨Ȼ飬Դ߶Ȫȣʣڳ
ֻգγһǵһĴڣ罻֯һһֶȥ
Σ𣿡
ϹЦ񵶷趯һϯʮɳͬɽ롢ںڱ
أ
籩δϯѾȥ
ԣ֪СӣϹǣ㻹ʲôʩչɣݹҲᡣ
Ϲǿ˼㣬š
ʵ
ܹƽ籩ͿԼһߡ
֮
Ժ磬籩ԣϯ
ʦ𣿹Ҳǣ
ϹǹЦ·ڿһСŪϷһ㡣
ɱ
Ϲһγһɱ¾֮
׾ʦҲ׾ʦҿôҴ򣿡Ϲǰţη壬ֱĿˣУȴûаѳԵ
𣿡Цȷʵһû뵽ϹҲǾʦ
ھ޷ѹƶԷԲȴǿԡ
֮࣡
Եľ̳֮ھһ籩Ϲǵľ񹥻߽⡣
ʲôϹɫ䣬ʧʵ
ˣ
ȴǲٴʩչԵľ֮
ɶΪҾκβ𣿡ϹǼԲش𣬸ӵķŭǿľԼľԷ״̬Ȼʩչѧնͬնһ㡣
أ
Բֻ񹥻齣糤ɿգ羪ϯأ
񣡡
񣡡
񣡡
ϹǵޱȣһԶ˳Եӣֳ񵶣ʩչ񵶾Ҫܳԡ
ҿôֵ
ڹЦ峽ԣսⰺȻͬս٣ȴսľ־˼£ȻȲóԣĵ־ﵽ׳̶ȡ
ŵ˵ϹһͻʦȻֿԽսĴڣһǿС
ȻҲԴ˼ѹ


774 ѧ
ȻȲñ׷ɱһսһսǶԾ֮һս
𣡡
ϹǲƣʽۣԺĻᡣ
ãΣաŷɫһ
ôˣξɻʵֲǺϹǲ𣿡
Ϲǵ񵶾һһһǿƵĵֳϵϣһ޵оŽʦǿߵһܴĵʽ־Σˡһü˵
ǰӰ˵
ôգξٿֵܶһû뵽Ϲô
ڳ֮Ҳеã˽Ϲ񵶾ˣ֪׵һ
ҲƾһϹǵΪŷѪ֮µĵһˡ
ŷѪһ׵Ҵ⡣
ԣʩչһ׵ע
Եֵȴûл⣬üͷһ塣
˴ĳҲеŵ
Σա
ǰ֪ܷƽ⣬ܵĻ¾ˡ
ϹټСȻԴһЩʵȴеġ
˴ĳ϶ΪϹǣϹټĳԣ¶֮ɫ˵СӵҺϹټԣǾ·һ
Ԫ
ͬʱҲϹ񵶾Ĺɡ
һһǿһǰһױȡ
ԣʩչԪ
ռ䣡
ӻĵ٣ٻʩչһʱ䡣
һҲ˻ᡣ
ԳĽ׵Ľ־ʩչԪȻܺƴ
꣡
ռ䣬ǶУµٶȴ󽵣
ռ䶳𣿡ϹΪǣԪΪǿռ䶳ᣬԸûзС
ֻҪһʱѡ
λñ䣡
õ֣ͬϸ꣬컯һɽˮ
ڣ磬絹ܲľɽ嶼ڲ
ǻ֮£ϹȻ񵶾
а񡢲бϣʳ飬ۻ־߽

ֻϹǷĴ·Լʴֱ

Ҳ˭Ⱦҡ
㣡
ʱһΰõӰǰš
ңܾңϹǾͬˮץסһľһ㣬Ͱ͵ĿӰ
ȻֻҪҵǰҾ;㡣Ӱ˵
ãҹҹһҪҰϹǼæͷӰǰʵǰմñľ֮
Ϲǣ㿴ˣҵ˭ʱǵӰתЦſϹǡ
ǳԣϹǶʱʧ۵һһѪ

ͬʱϹǵܵӰ죬׵һѪ
ԣǳԣָԣĺս˵
Ϲǣû뵽˴֪ҾЩԸˡԹЦȴǽңΪϹҲǾʦǿӦÿԵֵλñ䣬û뵽ȴǱ֮ǿĴ
Ҫɱ㡣ϹõһĻԼȻǰԼеķ£ֱǱɱҪܡ
ڵ㻹ɱң㶼ûлˡ˵

սֻһϹǰһն

ϹǷĺ
أ
Ըû飬һ񵶵ֵҲݺݵĿķ˳ȥѪڵϣһ

ʱȫȻ
˭û뵽ǰһ̻ռϷϹǣȻܵѸ٣˵Ǳ
˶Լ۾
⳽ôϹǶĶ֣
찡ʲôѧȻ˹죬ܹӰ˵Ҫ֪ϹǿǾʦ
⳽пʱѹϹǶҵ
ľѧŷϲĿ˳һۣ˵ʤ
㡭ۡϹˣ˫ĿԲųԣһѪε˹ȥ
áξٿξֵ̨ܿĳԣкã˵֣ز¶ϹǶܸ㣬ҪŷѪһˡ
ɲ⡣ŷ徴η˵
ҲҲһ
һζԾǿߣǿɵ̳ˡӰЦ˵
һ̣ǿ̬
ŷѪж¶֣֮ɫȻǸоǿҲ֤ʵǵĲ²⡣
֮һսĽ˺ܶԤϡ
ɶǶȻܸϹټǲŹġϹټҵĳһ˿⣬뵽
ŷϸ˵ĳš˺ţ
ֻŷͶľӮ˼ͬʱϱ̨
ŷϳˣǶľӮһսӮˡ
ŷʵǵ֮ĵһľӮĶ֡
˵ҲǣľӮǹȷʵҼͰԵȻȲϹǣҲȥԶ
̨϶ˣ˶۷׷ס
ŷҵҪһצжʤǹɡľӮǰ˴УΪ͵Ĵڣɽ¶ˮû˻ỳʵ
ǺãҾԸŷ嶦ۣΰ磬һ㡣
ৣ
ľӮǹޣǹԵס
ϣ
죡
ɱ
һ̣ľӮʩչɱУŷʱֻǹâ죬â㣬ͬϼһ㡣


775 ŷսľӮ
а
ɱ
ƣ
ŷצ׺޵У˫ûκ޴ƽ⡣
ǹ־
ս󣬶ľӮǹ־ʩչ˳ǹ־˫
ŷצҲǳȻﵽĽ׵زǶľӮܹġ
ΨҶ𣡡
󣬶ľӮʩչƣԵ˫ǹϵϣµһΨҶ𣬸޵С
צ
ֻһצŷƽĹ˳ȥ
Ȼǿһս䡣ľӮɫһǺ죬ȭ˵
ˡŷ˵
ǿ
ԣѪ￵ŷ
Ĵǿߡ
սһֱԣһΰٵսǰ
˷ܣڴһս
ϹǷŭޱȣ޲ɱԣԣҪ
˿̣Ժŷȴףһս
һҹ޻
ڶ죬һֱ١
ֻɽ˺ʮ˹սȴϢģʮˡ
˴ڳϯϡ
̨֣ٴμӹ̣ԵֵʦĴܵĹ
һУǿǵŷѪǰԵʵ
ּͣǿɿˡξٿȭ˷˵
ŷҲǶڴ
ǿɱ̫ϣ˵ʵҿûбʤİաЦ
ĿĿУгǩ
ȻǵԵ˫˫
ĺš￵˵
šѪޱ˵
Ҷšŷ
ǺǣһšԿѪЦǺǵ˵
ܺãҲ뿴ĽҵĽ˫Ѫͷ˵¶ս⡣ǶһϵĵһޣڽҲ֣񳽻Գ֣Ȼ˷ܣһս
ŷ͹￵˻صλ
롣
Եһȣ䵽̨ϡ
ɣǲġ
ѪڳԶ棬Ѫ¹ĵž죬ս
ѪͳԶˣ
찡Ƕ˶ǽޣ֪˭
˵ˣѪȻǹϵĵһޣ⳽ԺϹпǼģ֪Ѫֵܷ
һսĵһ֮ս
۷׷ףǡ
ϹǺͺٻͶѾ˺ãԣȻɫûкɫ
ɶϣѪСܹѵơϹ˵
ģǳȻȻѪĶ֣Ǿƺ˰ɡٻЦ˵
ԸɡϹǳ˵֪˳ԵѪܷܳԣɡ
ٻͼˣҲԶı졣
֪ϹǰܸԣһӵĻɲȥϹǵùͷ
ݣݣ
ҫֻԺѪͬʱ˵Ӱͽһ𣬶ʱһƬ
ڶ̶һ˲Ĺ򣬶˾;˶ݵ̽
Ȼ޷˽Էʵ
˿ʼʩչһЩˡ
ܹоѪĽȷʵǿ󣬼ܹͶ޵Ტۡ
Сȴûˡ
ڽ־ϣҪʤһ
ǳԵΨһơ
ΪޣΪ־ǹؼÿһ޶дβƣɶҡģѪĽޣֹˮһֻΪǶһ޶Ľ͡
Ķ֣Ŀ¡
⣬޵оŽʦǿߣȴûдﵽ̶ȡ
ԳԶԼܹѪǺܿ϶
أ
һ죬ֻԺѪ˷˿
ˣ
˸Ŀ⣬֮䣬糯ϼƺ
ԣȻǿֻҶĳ̽ѣҲǣҾóʵһɡѪһѪ£޷ԶѪ¹ĵΰвѪɢѪȵѪ֮
ã
ս߰սս
Ѫ
Ѫ
Ѫ
Ѫ˿ʯѪˣٿȻһ趯Ѫ
нһǳɣˮȻɡ
⣡
ٷţ
׻ױ
硢סڳڹݹģͬ緢һ㣬ֻܣңϯķѪнһһƬѪɫֱһ־
¡
ǿҵԪںϣĦը
˻
˶һ
⳽Ҳ̫˰ɣȻѪս൱
ܵ˵ռһϷ硣
ǰɣô
һʧ̾Եʵ
ֹȻ˫ŷ̾
֣ڽϣҲֻѪܹһ̡һͷ˵
찡ͳֵʵǷǷξٿֵܶ
ŷҲ¶һĨ֮ɫܿתΪء
ɶѪһûʩչʵֶκɱУƾôܹѪӲƴϹǼɫޱȣĿŤȻǶԳԼǺ޵˼㡣
ٻҲһ𾪣Ǻ˵ģôţǲ֣ҺԼҲǲŹġ
ҪɱʹϹıɭȻ
ٻ˶̲ס򺮲
⳽ԵĽ裿Ȼͬʱ˺ü
˻𡢷硢֮⣬һһŰ
˵ˣӷâ̫¶֪̣д츳ҲҪڷҺԼϡ
ϯϣ˴ĳ۷׷ס
ɶ⳽СȻǿᣬܹѪһϸߵͣУԲĺԸ񣬿ǶҲᱻɱϹټĳϿ򳽻ԣ뵽


776 Ѫ
̨ϣԺѪɱƵ
˭Ҳκβ˭
հν
ԴʩչûκѪʩչհν
꣡
һ˫ĽѪһ֮һذײѪϻ
ܺóԣѾܾûкôǿĽ޽ˣҪˡѪȫע˵
ɡȵȴǾȣѪǿᡣ
ˣ
ʱһ޵оŽʦϢɢϢϣѪʤһ
ֻ壬罣Ŀ罣⣬̺֮â˵ԣʵδﵽ޵оŽʦĲΣܹӵʵ湻˾̾ģóĵƳɣĺܲҡ
Ԫ
ԣû˿ɣʩչԪ
һǿĽռѪ
ߣͬķԸϹԸ𣿡Ѫɫ䣬ϢƳ˵ɾҪʧˡ

һʣʱֻһƬѪɫϯ˷
Ѫɫռ䣡
ԵԤϣѪȻҲʩչһռ䣬ȫѪ֮
ȻȳʩչԪһ֣Ѫɫռȴǿ޵УһѸʹ󣬾ȻӲĽռˡ

ʱռ
ৣ
ɫ䣬α˳ȥλñ䶼ûüʩչ
ΪûаλñѪþ־̫ǿˣ벽ĽףҾǿᣬɹĻʺС
Ѫӯ죡
ͻȻѪȻһһɸɢ
Ȼ֮Ϣ
ѪѪ֮֮ǺܲҪд
¡
ţһɺصϢ˳ǴصϢ

ɫһ䣬ŷѪΪܹ֮ˡ
ΪҶ˼Ϊںϡ
ˣ
ڴ򳽻Ӷ˲䣬һָѪɫ̫ȽƬѪ̨ʱ𶯣ҡҡλΣ·ضڶҡҪһ㡣

籩
˲䣬ʩչɱС
ۣ
˲䱻Ѫɫ̫ҫ̱
֮࣡
ɫһݣʩչûõĲԾ֮ϡɣ޻״
ʱֻѪɫ̫԰ת۾ɢˡ
֮һ
ʲô
һΣѪɫ䣬û뵽ԾȻƽԼʽ
Ѫ
һ񱩡Ѫ֮ѪһѪҺɵĻ֣ħ飬нʬ飬ǧٹֵ˸оϹŴһ㡣
нϹŽ
ѪϹŽ֮Уļ֮һ
˲䣬ྫ֮ͱ߽⡣
Ĳ౾ԴֻСɣǿҲ޷ֵĪһС
Ǵﵽгɵز
¡¡
·ħ顢ʬڳһݺݵ򳽻ԡ
ֱһʵĻ棬ӵܵ
һ
ء
Եײ˳ȥнۣѪʣһѪ

ȫȻû뵽Ѫһ˴Զ޷ֵˡ
ѪҶһޣ˫
ǰһ֪ϹŽֱĪ⡣
䶨ˡ
ϹǸ˵ĹЦ˵ԣһôţ
Ӧ֪ˡٻĿ˵
ˣѪȻǿûˡξٿ˵
Ѫ޵оŽʦȻǿֻǳ޾Žʦѣܸ֡ŷ˵
ţҿӦûֶΣȿɡһͷ˵
ξٿԣ̨ϡ
ֻǸͬһĻݺݵѹ򳽻ԣҪɡ
񽣣
ʤܹͷʩչ˿ռԽ񽣡
ˣռ֮䣬ʱ˱仯ڶλóһռ֮ţһɺ粨Ŀռ
һĻˡ
ֻһԴӿռ֮߳˳ʩչռһ
ͣ
һ죬ǽһѪ
ħ顢顢ʬͬ˸յһ㣬˲ɢĲҽ
ռͨ
ϯϣ˴϶ʱʧɫ϶֮ɫ
ǿռͨ
ôܣſռʱԵֻͨʦܣʦܲ𣿴Ӳ߽ʦڣô򣿡
ϷΪռͨʱֻͨڴ˵֮Уû뵽վȻܹǲ˼顣
ռͨŷҲһףֻǧûһܹ򣬾ŷСӶ⣬û뵽⳽ԾȻˣ츳Ϲ֮ʱҲ˵츳ס
˴ĳ϶ʱ۷׷ףĿųʩչľ񽣡
ʱ˶ɻ󳽻ʩչֻͨǾ
˴ϵɻ󣬲ŷ׷֪һ׼ͨ
ռԣ
һԵͨںܶ˵İŷ˶ֻ˵ûۼ
ۼȻǾ̾ѣĿɿڴ
ֹȻǲţȻܹռֱܱͨȰξĿ˵
ҵ죬ҾȻۼ˴˵еĿռͨǲ󡣡ξٿŴ˵
ֵĽ츳ҶһˣѪܱ⡣һҡͷ޵
ǳָǵľϲôӰɴĿ˵
֮УŷҲһ׿ռԵֻͨǧûܹʦҲˣҴҲҲǺͷû뵽־Ȼܹռ޻˵


777 ֮
ŷ˿Ц˵ƵϹ˰ɣ
ξٿֵԶΪȻĵͷ
ɶһ֮ûбôռԵͨǿ϶ͨϹǼ
ʵ޷ܣһΪԼͣûԼˣȻܹռͨ
ֻٻѾǻԳԲһηĸо
ռͨȤֶһ֡ŷһ˵
ΪԵĶ֣ѪǸд˾񽣵ǿ󣬴ƿռ䣬ֱ񡢴ݿһ㣬ԼѪ޷ֵһɴɵѪ֮
Ѫ޴ĺһѪ
񽣵ףں˿ռ佣Ҽӳ˳ԵĽ־ﵽĳ̶ȣն
ء
ֻһ£ѪͱըɢޱѪˡ
ѪȴǺԥһնѪ
ۣ
һµľĥ
Եľȷʵǿ󣬿ȴͨҪһ㣬ǾѪ벻ĳ˿ռͨ
ɣʦܲſԲռʱ
ȴǲ࣬ëǣϹ֮ʱܹԵߣҲǲࡣ
һ˵ΨʦܣиĿܲ
ƫƫ˳࣬ڴ˵֮еģ֮һܹ򣬺οǿռأ
ԣû뵽㾹ȻܹռͨҴ۽磬ǣпռ佣ֻǴﵽСɾѣгɣңŷҲĶ֡
Ѫƽȵ˵ǿƵĻһսȻҪҵϡ
ԣһء
ҲˣֻƽѪû˵Ѫˡ
ңӣѪǿС
˵ⷬ
ৣ
̬䣬վɣǷͬһ㡣
齣ʧƣȡ֮Ǳ
Ŷ㻹δʩչĵƣ
ˣѪɫһ䣬֮ɫ
ԻбȾܸľеĻһսӮͲˡ
⣬⳽Իеƣ
̫˼ˣ⳽Եʲô·ô࣬ѵҪʩչͨȸղпռԽҪǿ𣿡
һսǾʣҶΪѪܹʤˡ
̨£˼ԻһǴһ
еƣĸϹɫǰδеĿ⼸Ҫ˶ɡ
ɶ񣿡˿̣ٻͶ޷ԼжԳԵĿ־壬ˡ
ŷ˸ٴʧĿɿڴ
֣𣿡ξٿ죬˵
ֱ񰡣񣬶Ȳ˳֡ξ˵
˾죬뿴׻ʲôƣһ˵
ӰĿ¶һ˿죬ųĿת
еƣŷü˵
ϯϣ˴Ҳ𺧲ѣһĿųԣ뿴Ҫʩչʲôƣ
ۣ
ֻվڱ̨ϣͷ񷣬һŻĴȼԽԽ
౾Դ
һ౾Դǣʩչ˻治
һɸͣлϢɢ
ԣֻ𣿣ѪʩչЦȻȵѪħ󷨣
ͣ
δ䣬һȦѪ͹
ֻѪǣߣѪӡӡѪ˸һ貣ͷ·ǴѪ߳ʹߣ˼ո
Ѫ֮
һɿ񱩡̵̴ͳԵĻ治⡣
оԷѪħ󷨸
һΣԶ޷˽˼оѪֶμֱǲԼʤһֱ޷⡣
ǳԴһս
˸治ͱĵƣѪʩչѪħ󷨣оԼ޷սʤԷһ˿ϣ
һѹơ
Ѫħ׶
ѪʵսḻǾ쵽˳Եо̹ЮȵѪ֮򳽻ԡ

Ѫƿռ䣬ӥл̶ͬһ㡣
ʱֻѪӯ죬һ޴Ѫ׶ѪӨӨģͬһ㣬з֮â׺ռݺݴ
ԡ
ʱãϻúͷ̺ԣ
ã
Գŵ˫ָ̻ɫһ䣬Ѫƽǰ亹ˡ

ûκεԥʩչ˱Աӳ֣ǿ
ξٿ񣬻Ϲǣ˿ԵѪѧӦ
ͱξٿİ츫İ츫Ϲ񵶾񵶡
ЩӦѧܹ׷ӳѧ
ĽԱʩչǣǵǳ֮
ˣˣˣ
һߵͬˮһ㣬¡һһƬֻ߿貵ǳϿգߵǳݺݴ£һ𣬾ͬһ޴ӣѪ׶ȥ
飡
ֻһͽѪ׶˳ȥӴһ㣬ʱһɹɵѪˡ
ֻ٣Ʒױףֱֳǣ֮һӿѪ
Ѫħ󷨣
ɲ֮䣬ֻѪһɴɵѪ֮ӿǻֺͬһѪħһ㡣
ˡ
ȻһɺƴѪͬڵһȥѪѪɽӣֲֳѪ趯أѪ֮ȫںϣѪħӵİ磬ɽһ㲻ɵֵ


778 巽Ѫ
أ
һӳѪӹǧתתأǱǵѪʴð޹ˡ
ԣѪħ󷨣ϹͨѪȻǱǵҲֵһСѪĿ棬ս𣬲ѪȻն£ǱǶʱɢ
¡¡
ͬսһ㣬ս죬ǧڣ֮
أ
һնڳϣ֮ʱ˲١
ǿķ
ˣѪȴǲ壬˫ŲѪʹѪħ󷨣ն򳽻ԡ
һ̾治ܻ棬ȼգ£һһŵǳѪ
飡飡飡
ѪһѪ¹ĵ죬ѪۣǴѪ߳һѪħѪȻն£һ߽߿ǳʱ顣
ɾ֮£ˡ
˻
̨ܣ˾Ѫǿʵ
ѪѪħʵ̫ˣԶֵס
ԵҲʮ˲ãܹѪѪħһϳ̡
ˣȥ
̨۷׷ס
̫ˣ⳽СˡϹǹЦͺԼ˳һ
˵ǣţѪǰǰܱٻæ˵
ԴӵĽȻױǵĽǿռԽһţ׽ֻС֮δгɣǿԺѪһ̡
ǰʱգһʦܡ
ô˵һսӮ治󣬱ϾѪ̫ǿˣһûʩչǿܹвһʦܵĽ
ˡ
˴峤Ҳ۷׷ףԳԺѪ˶̾ѡ
Ѿóȫơŷ԰ˣصɫһɣ˵
ն
ͬʱѪһɽӣɽӡ
ӡ
ʱԴһƷһӲӵĽӡУ̱⺣һ貽ԣϯȥͬһһֽȽ
顱һӡϯ϶ѹѪħһѪ
ӡϹ֮ţ˼㡣
һ죬Ѫͱ˳ȥ

ʱһƬʧÿһ˶Ŀɿڴ
Ϲ
찡û뵽⳽ԾȻӵϹǲ˼飬ѪѪħ󷨶ֵס
˾ʲôȻϹӵУҿⷽӡƷʣҪѪвѪƷҪߡ
Ҳ޷ֵѪ
糱ˮһһӿ˳ÿһ𾪣ȣӵʵҲͰˣȻӵһȲѪƷʵϹֱǲ˼顣
Ϲ
ŷ塢ξٿ˶һ𾪣ʧ
찡صҲ̫˰ɣȻϹӵУξϾ
ӡƷʱеȻҪߣһ𺧵
ֹȻͬˣǿԴģȻһֱȱڲóŷҡͷԵ˵
ҲǱѪƼˣ򲻻óϹӰ˵
ŷ˶ΪȻ𾪳ԵƵͬʱѪʵ
˴һڳҲ¶֮ɫ
ӾȻӵϹ
ϹԵĸ߼ϹѪеĲѪӰԵ
ⷽӡϣҸоһɸ߽ʦϢȻأȷʵڣӡͬһϹ
ǰƷϹӾȻӵУĵˡ
ȻӡǿҪѪֶΡ
ʤһء
˴ʦܶ𾪣ż峤ѪܷܳԣϹټĳȴɭȻĿ̰֮ɫ
ϹϹĿͣ˻ɶȻϹʲôݣȻҲӵд˵
˵ǣ⳽Ծһֱ֮ˣӵϹٻҲǾѣԸоǰӡܣԸԼĻƷ֮ͰԼķɳȥˡ
ӡҵġϹǶݺݵĵ
ŷҲǴһû뵽ԾȻӵȱڲó
Ҳ˿˵ĵˣ֪Ѫܷ
Ϊ𾪲ıѪܵǹϢϢĸо
ΪԵĸоӡƷҪԼвѪߣܸ󣬷򲻿ȥԼѪħ󷨡
ԣֶ𣿡Ѫ˳ףʵ
ΪԵĵ
Ҳһ£û뵽ӡ˲٣ԼΪԵʡ
һ㣬Ƿʵָ˲٣ھϣһ㣬ﵽ˽ʦˮ׼ȻͿǿӡĹˡ
ãǾʶһҵĵưɡ
ѪǵĿ˳һۣһȣεض𣬺죬񷶼·𱻳ˡ
巽Ѫ
ֻһǿѪϱɽ緢纣˳죬Ӵһ㣬ɢµϢռǲ飬һһĲɢռ䶼·ˡ
ѪһʽУ·𹴶巽Ѫ˻صľ
һ̨̣ռ䶼Ѫ䣬ûһ˿Ŀ϶
ء
ʱռ⵽˼ѹĹδٽԣǿµѾϯ
ۣ
治ֽͬɵһ㣬巽Ѫ顣
飡
󺧣û뵽Ѫһܾ죬ǴӡݺݻΪĵѪϣһ춯ص죬Ӵ糿ĺһ㣬


779 ϧѪ
أ
˲䣬ԵĹƾͱ߽⡣
ڣѪƽ˫ŲѪӶѪͬӾһ㣬ڶ£򳽻ԡ
أ
ڣǵֵס˳ȥ
ۣ
һ죬ԵıǳҲɢ
Ŀƣֻȴûս⣬˵ѪһսӮˡ
Ŷ䣿ѪĿһ۳ԣ˵ҿԪŨ񣬲δľΪβս
ʩչȫֶζûܴ㣬ڵң򲻰ˡ齣˵
ãˡѪ˵
ৣ
Էӱ̨ξٿˡ
֣ˣôȥأξϲʵ
ǣѪҲûʲô˲ģӰѾһԴξٿȭ˵
ˣѾˡ԰Ц
Ȼ䣬ȴһս֮ѪҪ㣬ƱʩչһвСһ캬Ц˵
ŷͶӰ˶ͷ
ŶʲôƣʵʵҲ²⣬ѪӦûĵơ
ʮѪŷ塢һ졢ξٿͬʱ˵
ŷ͵ѪĵƣӲƴʦܣǿ˸񣬾Ҵ綼̾ѡ
ǰҸоһϹͨеȼϸߵͨʮǿ󡣡ξ¶ɫ˵
⻰һĨأǺЦǺǣô˵䣬Ҳһˣ

ԣŷ弸˶һЦ
ˣŷ͹￵̨ˡʱһ˵
Կ̨ϣֻŷ͹￵Ѿսһ
￵޼޷ȻҲ˼ϹͨȴŷĶ֡һ˵ŷצֶΣǿڶϣֱһݡ
ǰҴǿھ޶ȷʵҲֻѪʮѪֵܹһŷ̾˵
ѪǱ̬ξٿɫѿ˵
ܸҴ磬Թ˭ŷЦ
ߣһֵ֣Ѫħξٿֵһۣ˵
һʤҲǰʤοʤ𣿡ŷЦ
ԣξٿֵܶһ硣
ȷʵֵ֣ҲŷĶ֡
ǲԣδزܡξٿ򳽻˵ǲҪˣֿɻֻ߽ʦֻҪͻư˽ʦͿԺѪһսˡ
һ⻰˶ĬȻ򳽻ԣоɫ
һͷ˵ȷʵʵĿռԽǳǶϹͨһɵĻȷʵԺŷĴ󶦣ѪʮѪ档
ֵȱݾǾ̫ˣҴѪףھͬȷʵ档ŷͷ˵
ʲô棿ҿһͻƾŽʦѪǶ֡ξٿЦ
ˣԼڶ֪ʲôܹͻư˽ʦȿ԰ɡԼۣæ濪⡣
ԣҲͲ˵ۿԡ
ֻ￵Ѿֳƣֵסŷצ
￵ʩչ޼޷ɣ³Ų˶áŷ󶦳ۣݣ˫ͬԵǳͶ֮䣬Īϡ
ߡ￵һȻҲ֪ŷ˵ʵ
޼
ʩչԼơ
һ̺ı޷ʩչ޼޾֮ͬͨ䣬ĪƺƵ١
žž
ıӰ£ض·ˡ
ֻŷһɽʧɫһڴ󶦺Ȼ֣һңͬɽѹһ㣬Ӱ̱
أ
ʱ￵˱ײ˳ȥһѪɫҰ׵˵䣡
ϡŷЦ
ŷȻǿڴһ￵޼޷ֵס
ǰҲֻѪܹһˡ
˵ĶԣȻܸѪҲŷĶ֡
۷׷׵
ŷʤ
ŷʮָ˵˵ʱ󣬿ʼһıԡ
ɣŷѪһ
ڳԺ͹￵ˣѪʤǵǿԺŷڶλã֮ŷʤǶ˾ֻλˡ
ڹ￵˵ı޷Ȼ󣬵ʵܶԷ
֪һսŷʤѪʤ
Ԥϣ˶嵱һǿߣսܹͶʦһսĴڣƺѷֳʤɣ
ǰ̫ǿˣѾԺһǿˡ
Ҳڴţš
һս˴ĳ϶ڴ
żҺŷҡ
ٵսһһĶֺγǸĶ
ԣ˴嶼ʮӰٵսıԡ
ӵܣܹⳡǰéôҲ١
ǼҵСûϣˣͿżҺŷҵСˡ
ǰǾŷѪСӶռͷû뵽һҲ⡣
һŷǱضġ
ʵϹ￵СӵǲֻǰܸŷӮѪϣҲ󣬵λ÷Ī
ҿһɲҪǻиԣԣǳռ䣬Ī⣬Ϸĥ͸
ȷʵˣԾѪУѾ޽ӽʦʵˡ
˵͹￵ԾͲ֪ˡ
ţһٵսˮƽʮֲϣܹһɡ
ǰһĻʧɲܹеġ


780 ̬
˴峤ϯ۷׷ףڴŷѪ˵ıԣҲϵ˳Ժ͹￵ˣĵĻһκĶԿ
ٵս֮ԾУΪѡǿߣԿ塣
غڶ棬ͷչ
ʧ

ʾ˰ٵսһսˡ
ûۣҲû֣žǳš
ȫ˵ĿⶼۼѪŷϡ
ߡϹǿŶˣɫÿֻһ㲻
ŷҵһսѾȺܾˡѪһƽ˿ɫʣֻǵĿŷ˵
ŷҲʮƽûǰ鲨ž粨Ķֹ֣ˮ˵Ҳǡ
ɣѪ÷ͬĲѪһ㣬һ̷â¶ŷĶ֣۷ԾֻжԷһս˿Ĵ⡣
Ϊŷ֮䣬εıȶӮ
ԣ˶ӶԷΪһ֮֡
һսڵ
ˣˣ
ͬʱ˵϶纣ХɽһĿƣϯȫƬ˺Ϳռ
Ϣڶʦܵʵ
޵оŽʦܡ
˵һߵĻǼҪģЩ˽ʦͻƣҲֻͨŽʦĲΣǾڵŬҲԴﵽޡ߶ŽʦĲΣֻѰͻơ
ʦĻʼûУǽͻƣҲֻͲεʦܣ޵оŽʦĴ򲻹
֮һЩ츳ףǿİ˽ʦһͻƾ˶Ǽ޾Žʦʵ
޵оŽʦеŲܹﵽġ
ǿߣǸǴ˵еĴڡ
һ
Կ϶Ǽ嶤ϵʦܣһͻƣսԿ£ܹ۵ͽʦܣԺĳɾҲʮָߡ
ţֱǧ겻
һ㣬壬ֻѪŷ޵оŽʦǿûһˣͿˡ
̨ˣʧɫ
Զһ޵оŽʦʵ
Ըоһ̵ѪȸղźԼһսҪ¡
ΪѪͳԶԾʼնʵŷȴǺޱĶ֣ŷҲˡ
̫ǿˣҸǵĶ֡ξ¶˵
̬ξٿһɵ򳽻˵֣ҿͻƾŽʦĻҲһʵ̬
޵оŽʦǿܹͶʦĽɫȻǷͬСɡһ˵˵ǴܹﵽʦεĻôѪŷ˾ܹﵽʦĲΡ
˵ţת򳽻ԣЦȻξٿ˵ģͻƾŽʦҲʵǸǿһЩ
ŷ忴˳һۣ𾪡
Ӱ࿴˳һۣǰ棬֪ģ
ǺǡԺǺһЦȴûж˵
ʱһ޴촫Ѫŷʼ˵һεĽӴ
ѪϣݳȼһĽ
ŷϣɢһǿƥצ
޼᲻ݣƣǿ˼㡣

צ
аצ
գ֮䣬ŷʩչУˮȻޱȡ
ȻצѧʽѾһߵľ磬ʩչɴ䣬ˮ
һ㣬̨¿ˣ֮̾⡣
ǾǿĶԵĽʽһ죬ѪУҲܵø졣
޵оŽʦǿ߶ѧʽá
Ѫ
Ѫ
Ѫ
ӦģѪҲʩչѪԽѪ컯쾡¡
ȻֻǶ˶Ա˴˵ĳ̽
ˮ
Ȼŷһ˫ֳӥצ״ʮָָⶼӨͬʯһ㣬з֮׺ǹһ㡣
ʱʮɫָâͬ⻮ƺڰһ㡣
ˡһ죬ǽ֯صһγһķϿ£ҪסѪ
ͬʱŷս۸߰ĿѪ˵ѪɵͨˮͨյԭԴģҾͿ
ĺãͿƵˮġ
ѪȻǲʾӭȥҪԾԵƽŷһС
Ѫ죡
һֻѪһѪ»Ӷչͬһ˫Ѫɫȶһ㣬ԶԶȥѪͺһֻѪŷȥ

ֻвѪһԽĽһȦȦѪڹѹأڡ
ۣ
ˮͬƣֽɵһ㱻׵ȥ
ãһ󡣡ŷһЦڷ裬Ƹǣ֮ӿͬһج䣬Ҫһ硣
̼䣬һ֮ͬ۷֮佻һ㡣
ɲǣϯء
Ѫ
ѪһʩչɱУںͳһսУѪ
ɱС
غ¡Ѫͼ֣лޣнʬ飬̺ѪĹ֮
ʮֿ£
Կŷ뿴ŷƽһеġ
ۡ
飬ѣ罭ŷһ޷ֵѪ
Īͼŷϯشƣѹصܡ
裡
ŷһȻѪһУʩչǿɱУ̺Ժͷҹγͬϯޱ޼ʵɳĮһ㣬趯գ趯ء


781 ŷVSѪ
ͣ
ץۻǸײһ֮ͬħ裬һ㣬̨һռ䶼մа
ڣһУɢ
˵ӰһԪкƴܣһһеѧͨչֳϹѧͨӰ
̶ʮʱڣ˽ٶС
£
̫ǿˣ
˿𾪣ͷţǰǸоԼͺһ㣬һ
ŷѪӰͷӰǵ
һֲԽ˼롣
Զ޷սʤǶˡ
ԽһжУ֪ΪŷѪһߵĲΣͨѧ־;ӰˣɼӰ졣
޷Ӷ˵ľ־߳ôͽԶڶ˵˼֮¡
ȴ޷Ӱ쳽ԡ
ΪԵĽ־ŷѪߣڳİ˴峤ϣ־;棬޷ͳԱ⡣
֪˭ʤ˭
Թעˣ롣
ֻ̨ϣսԽԽңѾ뵽Ȼ׶Ρ
Ѫħ󷨣
ħצ
һ˲䣬Ѫŷʩչǿ֮һ
ֻѪΪѪ񣬰Ե˫ѪĽͬѪһᴩ֮䣬·ǿԽһ㡣
ŷʩչħצûκλĿռ䣬ѣһ˿ķ϶

޴ħצݺݵץѪϣ˳ȥײƬѪħ⣬纣Хɽ
˻Բһû뵽ŷһǿѪѪħ󷨶ӲƽˣԼ»治Ҳ޷ֵ
ɶ񣡡
Ѫһ㣬ȫѪͣͬĳһ㣬˲Ϣǣƺˡ
ʮѪ
ȻһʩչԼǿƣû֮һ
һ˲䣬ϣ˷ʮѪѪΪģۡ
¡¡
Ѫۣʮͬһ㡣
ɢϢ־嵽˼㣬ʧ

ͬʱŷһ˫ֽâ£ʱֻһͭ޶ǰ
ඦѹ
һֻŷඦ͵񷣬ѪѪ֮ѹȥռֱ飬֮ڶױȡ
¡
˲䣬ඦܴǿֲѪϣһʮ춯·𾪶ħ֣˻𣬽лУҪ
ȣ
ɱײһѪŷ˶ȫעҷɷֺ
ǰߺޱĹԪҪȥඦѹ
ѪඦѾҵںϣԻ磬޷ֵġŷڷ裬Ŷ죬˹Ե˫˵
ҾͲšѪһ񱩵Ѫ֮ӿȥͬһ㡣
¡
类һ񱩵ĹԾͬӾһϯʮ硣
ۣʱѪһѪ߷һ㵹˱̨ϡ
ͬʱŷҲһѪȴǱֱվ
һսˡѪ˵
ˡŷĨȥѪȭ˵
ãһսŷʤȡñٵսһŷ˷ܵվ

δռƣȫѾֿ֮˷
Ӯˡŷ˷˵
̫̬ˣѪˡξٿֱӱֿڵ
ǰѪʮѪǿɱУû뵽ҲֵඦѹӰԾ˵
ŷʵѾԶԶǣ߱սһǿߵʵһ˵
ԣ˶ΪȻ
ŷʤȻ⣬ȴ֮С
ź֡
գŷΪ˶壬һ֮ĵһˡ

ֻŷϸ˵ԡ￵̨
һս￵ܹӮԵĻͺѪڶλãֻ֮ǵ
֣ξٿֵź
ԵȻһЦ̤ϱ̨
棬￵ͦվͬ±ϵһ㣬ʯһɱ޵Ϣ˸£˺֮
֪һս˭ʤ˭
ǰ԰ܸѪ￵ܸŷδ֣ʤԤϰ
ѾܸѪ￵ҲѪĶ֣һսغ˭ʤ˭ǵ
̨ˣ۷׷ס
һսӮˡѪĵ
Ŷô϶ŷʵ
ûк֣ȻûʵǿռԺǳͨӦЩѡѪ˵
ҵҪһˡŷЦ
ɶ񣬹￵Ķ֡Ϲ˵
ô֪ٻ;ʵ
㶼𣿡Ϲǵźٻ˵һΣСĵˡ
ԣٻͲҳ
Ǻǣλôⳡԣ
֮ɡ
ҵôһսӮĿԺܴ󡣡
ҲôΪ
ߣԻûпʼ˭Ԥϡ
˴峤ۣϹټĳ˵
ԣߴ峤϶Ц
롣
￵ȡ޼ޣī˸ͬһһ㣬۳޻ž죬ơ
Ҳһ롯֣ȡ齣˸糯ϼƺ糿һ㣬޾Ĺԣڰ
ڹ￵ı޷ϸ·Ȼʤš
෴￵ȻƽԳȴǼɵޱȣΪԼҲûбضİԳԵǳͿռͨ
ʶһ֣û֡


782 
޶գ
޶ɽӣ
޶ǿգ
һױ޷ںһˮһ㣬û˿ͣͣһбһǿмǵһе
𽣹⣡
ٷţ
հν
ڳۣսڹĵսһ˲䣬ҲʩչɱУһհνƽ˹￵޶ǿա

սĳ𣬾ͺǧڱһ㡣
ڵһζԾУռϷ硣
￵Ȼûоʹ˰ݣһʩչɱС
޼գ
޼£
޼컯
޼޷Ȼֻǰ漸Уףƾ죬һľ
ҲҴ⣬Ԫս
׽⣡
⣡
ལ⣡
ĴԵĽʩչ˺ѿռ䣬ͬǧƮͬӵһ㣬ӳĹҷǷϷ֮ƺ֮ལƻǴﵽ쾡£ù￵ٴΰ

˾һҪܹ￵ȡõλˡ
Ҿ֪￵ǳֵĶ֡ξٿЦ
ǰֿδţδһ
Ҵ磬ڶһǳ֡ŷ羴˵
ò˶ãֵͻֱ׷ѪŷˡӰĿ¶˵
ϹȴɫȻѾԤϣҲû뵽￵˵ĲһȻδԾ޷ѹƳԣʵһ֮
ҪɱԵ˼͸ˡ
Ԫ
ʢ˥ʱ
һУù￵ٶȻ½ʢ˥ʱնȥӰĹơ
飡
һ죬￵˳ȥ
ãȻܹϹǣѪҪһУֵܹһӮˡ￵֪ԵֶΣԼĶ֣ҲͲҪӣ֧ŵˡ
ʩչ޼޷ֵܹ䡣
ɾ䣬Ǳ档
á
ԴһʼС
񽣣
ռͨٴչ¶ǰ似Ƿ￵˶޷Ϥеİ
ıӰ̺޼֮޾ھǰȴ޷ֵ
꣡꣡꣡
ؿռͬһӣھ£ѡ
ءһ￵˳ȥɫ԰ףѪӿӲѹȥĿ˳һۣ˵һԣ䡣
лԱȭ˵
ˣŷ˵һԣʤŷԡ
˵ŷϣŷıԣ䡣
áŷ͵Ŀ˳һۡ
˻һ˴һ
ˣ԰ܸѪְܸŷôȻŷĶˣҲ֮С
ŷ˵Ȼ䣬һ͹￵Ѫ˽бԡ
𾪵ǣ￵Ҳ䡣
һٵսǰˣһŷڶѪԵ￵
ȴе͵ڰ
Գ
óϹǵһľӮξٿڰ
ˣٵս
ȫ졣
ԭڰ˴УϹǵǵû뵽˳ƥֱӽ̭ǰ
˴ȻܸˣȻϹټҡ
˳ԣıƴֶһ˿ʤĻᡣ
Եõ˵ȻǻһʷḻĽʮƷʯһƷϽѧһƷϽױ
ȻʽʮƷʯе֮⣬ѧؼͱԳԶǿп֮ߡ
ֵһǣΪԴǹȳƼңƼҲ˰˴Ľ
һУûȥ˽⡣
Ȼ֪һԼŮӣȴܹȥ
ΪкܶҪȥ
ĶԾڰ֮
ʱ䣬ԶŷҶԺδ뿪ʥһҪɱҺԼҵ߲ѣԵͷڹꡣ
Բδȥᡣ
ʦܵĴڣԼȥ
ѻʯ鳽Կɲȥ
ĵƸԴƾǿǼӴ˶Բལ;񽣡
Ȼûͻư˽ʦԪȴʵࡣ
ţͻư˽ʦѾԶˡ
һͻư˽ʦԾĺѪŷһսȻȡʤȴڲ֮ء
ڣʱȥ
һ죬ٵսǰʮǿ߾ۼŷұ䳡
˿̣˴峤
һ꿴˳һۣɱ⡣
Ϲ֮Ϲۡ
Ըо˴˵ɱ⣬ȴǻȻ޾һƽ
Էʦܣֻݱܷâ
һЭʮ˽ȥ߿ռ䣬һѰ챮ʤŷ峤ŷ߳˵
߿ռ䣡
ʱʮ϶¶ɫ
ŷ֣߿ռǺεأüʵ
㲻֪ŷ循Ŀ˳һۣ˵߿ռһϹſռ䣬ڵص֮£ʮΣգҲкܶ౦ϵϣһ챮ͽ챮
߿ռҲǽʮű巢ֵģδȫֻ̽û뵽һξȻѡ⴦ռ䡣
ŷü˵߿ռеصûǽĻҪĹеصĹҪǣ˭֪챮Ҫ֮ҵʮּѡ
ǰҼͷ˵ϹޣСġξٿͷ˵


783 ߿ռ
Ҫ֪ƴҲǽһζԱȣѣδһΣաӰü΢˵
ˣ̶ѨҲҪһοҵص྿ʲôģξٿЦ
һ⻰ҲǼһ˿档
ص࣡
ǴδҲ֪صڵġ
ϵʲô
壬Եǲ壬˻߿ռ䣬Ǿ£¾Ѫħһ˭棿
뵽Բûк£ڴˡ
ʱŷ°˵Ұ˴飬˭ܹû챮ͻһϹͨһϹһö

˻һԵʮ˶ǻȻ
ϹͨϹ
һ
ϹͨϹԲ⣬ȴ

ǿʦµĶʦһ
ŽʦǿߣɾʦܣҪ۵ľһѧͨԪϣ˵õһö͵ڵõһλʦܵĴС
ң֪Ḷ́ͻʦĻʡ
ȺöóĶˡ
ȻĴﵽʦĻͻʦٶȾͻһ
ܹס˵ͻư˽ʦĻڳʦ£Ա֮
ԣĻᣬ
찡εĽôḻ
ܹõĻΪʦܡ
ϻʦһѪһУ޾ŽʦõĻʮ֮˾ſԳɾʦܡ
˵ȱһҪõ
ˣҪĶ֣ǵʵǺǿģҪõɲô׵һ顣
ǿߵȻͬףʵҲԶʤһ
Ǻǣ챮飬ȻȥҲǿȥģǻһܹڻ߿ռ֮лʲôɣҪ֪ǿϹŲĿռ䰡
ò챮ܹõһҲǿԵġ
δ䣬˶ʱ¶֮ɫף챮ܹȥģҲ֪õİ취˶֮ڻ߿ռѰǿʵ
δһð취
ߣһҪҵ챮Ϲ˵Ŀƣ¶̰֮⡣

ŷ´һӣ
ߴ峤жУԵʮ˸ں
һ˲䣬ʮԵŶӻ֡
ԡŷһŶӣϹǡٻ̩͡һ壬￵ľӮһӣΨѪŷǶһˣΪʵ
Ϲǿ˳һۣǹһ˿ЦĺٺЦԣһ벻и״µرɣһˡ
ûɵģһͻϹһۣ
ʱ󣬳Եؽ֮
ƣˬӲӵ̫ںϣԣںε
ȴûڴˡ
ΪѾŷȰ˴ʦܵϢˡ
˿̣Ӱδ֡

Ȼ֮⣬һը죬ֻһΰӰг֣ŨɢĢƸϿա
죬
ǿϢóԵ˺һͣӿˡ
ŷ°˴ɢʦܵϢжȥ
ԵľĿ⿴ȥֻʮӰ֣ǰа˵޴ӰӰ֣Ϣޱߣϯա
ʮˣŮеģݣŮ˫˴Լˡ
ʮˣǿʮˡ
ҲǴ˴γԵ˽߿ռĶ֡
ޣϢǿᣬÿһ壬ܹξٿ⡣
ˣŷ˶ɫһ䡣
ڳʮ˶𣺡ʮ˾ǵĶ֣ǰ˾ǰ˴ٮٮߣҷֱѡͷ졢ʨʨѪĹԭзľްԣĺҰ»ʳʳ졣
ˣһҪСģΪǶ˵ޡŷ֣˵
ʶûбǿ
ǣʮ˹Ӧ
ܿ죬ǿˣڣƹ춼ڱˣ̫ⶼ
һԱȣʮ˾ͱȳһǿ᲻١
߽ʦ
ͬʱʮǿע⵽˳ԣһ㶣¶֮ɫ
޹ֺһ䣬ȫʤȡʮ̣ԭѾձɽھȻ߽ʦˣ屻Զˡ
߽ʦһָͿɱ
һǲ׼忹ˣҲãò˶೤ʱ䣬ⶫ硣
ǿмĿųԣж¶ɱ⡣
̫ˣҪҶ֣⳽ԾͻᱻɱϹǿޱȣĶ񶾵ȴǲǵõСеıְϹǵ
ŷ°Ȼ˵ۣ飬һЩ峤Ц֪СӵʵǻЦĳ
ˣ˴峤ҲЦ
ŷ£һˣ߽ʦҲɳˣһ죬ʦҲǲɡʳ峤ʳһ˵
˻һ峤Ц
ˣϻ˵߿ռɡŷɫȻ˵
ãȻżͳȫǡ峤Ц˵


784 һȫʬ
峤ҲһЦһԶģ
ŷµҲǵǣȻгƥʮʵ̫ˣǺͰ˴ӵͬһȼܹŷѪ˱ȼĲһΣõ챮Ļʵڲ
õ챮ĻҲ˶١
Ϊ߿ռ֮вΣգеص࣬˵໥ǯƣ໥
£ʵʱ򲢲ȡʤԭ
ο챮֪ڻ߿ռδҪҵҪԵʹ˲С
뵽һ㣬ŷҲһЩ
ң峤ӵֶܱΣҲһġ
ҲΪϹſɱԵԭ
УԾһûбӵϹΣҲҪɱ
¡
ڴʱŷ°˺˴峤ǰ˫׳ĺӿһѣһƬնͬһ޵׶һ㡣
ȥʳȵ
ʱʮǿߺݺݿ˳Եһۣѡ
ȻһΪʤԵʣһҲȡȻ
ˡŷ¶ԳԵ˵סֻһµʱ䣬һº󲻹ûҵ챮ҪǾͻ棬ȥ֮Сġ
ǡ
˵ͷһתѡ
ܿ죬ʧ󺣻ָƽ
һ̣һƬɵ統С
·ûаͺҹ֣֮û̫һƬľɫǻɫ
ɫɽɫɫĲݡɫĺ
ɫΨһĸ
ˣ¸оһɺǿϢʱ¾ѪС˵аеСѾͷҪˣøյĻĻӵŨҲһǧ
ŶϻãǸо𣿡ʵ
Сħͷ˵Ĳȷʵһɺǿɢ˵
ţСѾͷյĻһͲֹޣﵽļһϻϹ飬ʶʮֵǿᣬܹĸоһԴȷǳ˵һǿڡ
ǿԲʵ
ԽʦʦĴڣ㲻õСħͷڣͿϻ˵
¾Ѫҵƣؼʱ֣֪ܳĻҿ»кܶ鷳Գ˵
⵹ҲǣϹ֮ʱħ½ʱ䣬ǲ廹壬ɱȻЩСһﲻǿЩϼһȴǲòϻʮͬԵĻ˵˵һκܺõĶᣬΣվͽСħͷʵаĳɳ
ʵڲУҲԳ˵
ã˵
գ¾Ѫħ۵ָ£һΡ롢ɽǰ
ֻɽ֪жͨããģͬһɴͬһڴ֮ϣҪеࡣ
̸оһɼǿ
ͷ·˵һ㣬ﶼϢơ
ৣ
½ҪСģȻƷױףҲ˷֣Ӵɽ
ȻڳԾһŹʱ
һٿȻ𣬼Ǻ׵ģֻǹͻȻһľ̺ݺݵĴ򳽻Ե̫Ѩз֮ɢٶȿױȣеĻֻ³
ԲˣӵֶΡ
ľ˲䣬Ѿˡ
潣⣡
û˿ԥľȼգŹ
ۡһ
ֻǹȻƶһɫƤӳ˲ԶһͷɫͷϴһصķΣľͼģϹ֣ϣԸоһɺǿľϢԿľԴ
صࣿ
ӣһ£̷Ӧ
壬֮ˣȻУǾֻǵصˡ
ֻû뵽صྐྵȻģ
߲ͬصڵʮֵһǰɫƥӣھֻľϢʮֵĴ
㾹Ȼң
صӲĿ˳һۣ˵ǵߵĻ֣Ӧ߽ʦߣյ˵ΪǸܷҵĲŶԡ
ңǧ뵽Ϊ͵ߣΪǾŽʦ
صһ˫ɫͫף˸ɫԣ˵࣬ҽаľסɱˡ
𣿡
һЦⰢľϢжϣҲǶŽʦʵȻҪɱԶԶ
ֻܺصĻ֣ʵ֪ǵصֵģ
ǰ𣿡ľδԷУͺһһһм˵Ҳ޷ҵص绮ּΪ򵥣һʮǰ൱ߡʦʦ
ļ弶൱ڵʦ߼൱ʦ˼;ż൱ʦʮеʦ
ľ˵Ȼǵصǵ඼һˮƽ½ҲֻǾżǿߡ
ˣȥˡľͷ˵
лЩҿԸһȫʬԵĵ
ľһЦһ˫ɫƻһƬɫϯƺƵȥҪû
࣬һнľ޸ľܹͨһ֮ͨ£ӺЦȪˡľЦУʵ̫ˣǲһ
ȻܿϾ¶һɫ
ֻԴһӣɿռ䣬һֱӽɫԶǵϢƽľ


785 ȴ
ʱľʧɶʵ
ܿһ˵΢ߣʵΣѵԺ͸߹İľҶԿ𣿡
ľ죡
һХһţһһſɫľ򳽻Գȥ
һ֮УͬǴ϶һҪݺݽѹ顣
ͣ
ֶΣڳмֱǲһֻҫ¶ϳ۵һ޾ȫΪޡ
أ
˳һǰľ˳ȥ
ۡʱһѪɫ󺧵Ŀųԣ˵ôôǿ
Բ̤ǰ
ৣ
ľܡ
ֻӵùԵƣһ̣ͬһ㣬ľץУ߶ʱϢеҪɱҡ
꣡
ޱ飬һǰľԴͱš
ȻԷҪɱԼȻ飬Լ鷳ˡ
һŻʬɡ
ԽΡɽ
һޱɢ
ŨϢɫһϲ˵ҵܹɱԴͺˡ˵գԾͽС
һڰ磬ﳽԸоһ
𣡡
ͻȻһֲͬҰ˻һ㣬һɿӿóϢ
飿
ͷһʮ֮˾һ飬Ҳͽ͵ͨΪŨˡ
Ϣ֮⣬Իоһɼǿɱ¾
ͷ·һɱкսһ㡣
أ
Ȼ಻촫սš
ûᡣ
Ŀ˸¶һ˿âһһʵǿĴں̵ְ飬ȻŹ
ৣ
ȫϢë׶رգϢĽ
ǱУɱ¾ϢҲԽҲԽǿңռ䶼·ڲҪһ㡣
̣Ըоɱ¾һǿߡ
ѣ
˲ϢԾͿ϶ɱ¾Դߵݡ
ڰ˴ǿ֮Уֻд˲ɱ¾ﵽһǷ켫ľ硣
˵ʵѪ
ΪʵǰеĴڣ壬ʵǿ
ԣûóȻ¡
ʵѵĶ֣֮ȻǵȴѺƴһٳֲ١
һʮǿ󣬼ܹ
ܾ˵Ļʺܴ
գƽȴᡣ
ԶͨӨӨģͬͿһ㱦һ㣬ȫһ߹ǼܣûһѪ⣬ߴһ˫ӨӨͫ˸֮⡣
ҲɳǾͬԴ뿪Ǿֻ
Ķ֣һǿǿߣ׺ݣɱ¾ȫһɱɱ£ıһꪣͬһ顣
ʵҲȻ޷սʤȴԵֵĹ
ɶĴ㣬㵨ðΰңҾҪѪϴ৵ð֮ߴܵɢһȦȦ⻡ͬ绡һ˺ѳȥ
¡¡
ͬʱһץʱӿһɰɫͬɫһϣƸӺΰ

һеٮٮߣޱȣֶκɱ¾顣
ĻȻǱŭҪɱ
ɱ¾⣡
һ־ɱ¾⣬ʺĽᴩʮɿռ䣬ͬƺƵѪһ㣬Ѫɫӯ죬ɱ֮
屾ɱǰ˴ɱ¾塣
Լÿһˣɱ¾ǱʣΪ峤Ѹеٮٮߣɱ¾Ѿﵽһ¯ĵز
һɱ¾⣬Ƿ켫
Ȼ֮ǧ귽ɾɱ¾Ϳ˺ģ
׹Ǵ󷨣
һɴɵİ׹ʹϱ
ֻٴοǣɸߴʮֺأͬɽ緢һϯ˫צӨӨ͸һ㣬â¶˫צһϣ㽫ɱ¾Ӳץ飬ѪƬ
ʲôѶʱһû뵽
ȴǹЦɶĴ㣬Ϊ䣬ԶľģƾҲҲҶֱ·ñƳҵĿܰɡ
ڰУ⻰ʱһ
СӣǺöҲԴĹؼϻ˵
ֶǧ꺱磬ǲڣҲֻϹܾСҲ˵ܹյĻԴ嶤ϵ顣
áͷһ˼ǣռ˼
ȴǲ֡
һΣҪ̡
ͬʱ˹
צ
һ죬ֻϢ˼һֱ޵оŽʦڡ
ۣ
˲Ϣ޾׹֮У۳һɴСĹצָͬһ׻λεı
һУץˡ
֮£ɫһ䣬Ҳǳһû뵽ΪԴȪѾڲ֮أԼҪʮּѡ
Ϊ峤׾أ
Ķ֣ҿ
Ҳʲô࣬ĺͬ嶼ԼοһȻҪɱ


786 һ
ǧɱ
쳤Хͻʨŭء
ֻ˫ֵꪻӶһһĽȥͨѪɫɢŻϢһǧѪɫ
εķʽһɢ֮â·Ҫһ
ƣ
ʱѴһһǧɱ¾۶ɵκݺݴ˳ȥ
飡
գ֮䣬ͺǰ׻λεĹצһ𣬱һƬѪɫ֮âͰ׹⣬ӳˡ
ͬʱƴ
ţһУѺ˵Ӱ˿ĿƵĶŶԷɱɱԷ
㣬Ҫ㡣ŭͬĹޣ޴ƶޱȣͬһ׹Ǿһ㣬ûб˫צʤ֣Դݿƻķ
꣡꣡꣡
񱩵ɱɨڵĴؿʼѣͬ֩һķѡ
ءһһ޴ѷڵ棬ǵһӳȥ·ҪһΪ
ಣ
ڴʱѵӰһһ㡣
ѪܵꪹĪһ߶Ҫɱ֮ˣɨȥԺɨǧϯһڰ硣
һʽҲҪ˺
飡飡
ʱ죬Ӵһ㣬ֻƥͬһꪽײ˳ȥ
ɡԽſɽӣ˫ꪣ趯գ϶ͬʱȣأ
¡¡
Ȼɱ¾ͬһ৳ȥķ
ôֵ
˿
Ҫɱѣ׿һţһɫ˫ͬʱİ˿ͺ֩˿һ㣬м伷ѹҪסѡ
ͣ
ǹɱ¾̱˿ִѳΡ
ɣ
ˣǹЦޱȣѾѱ˿һ㡣
ֶҲɱңǰΡ
Ѳ峤ֶβͨ޵УҲбֶΡ
ɱ
ɱУǧɱǧɱʮֹ
¡
һڵɱ¾֮ͬˮһ㣬ֱɽ緢۳һɱ¾йĳ޾˿ȥһ𣬶ʱһƬ
̼䣬޾˿ͱһɱ¾ɷ۴⡣
ɶǽɽ
˫צſأӿ޾ɣͬˮһ㣬ͣµס
¡
ڰ𶯣һƬ䡢ɭľ֣ͬһ㡣

һŹֵ֮Уһ߾߳צѡ
ÿһߵϢнʦǿߡ
ȥ֪ж١
ԶʱǵһӽȫϢ
ڵȴᡣ
ʱһ޴޾߳ϢԱ
ɱ¾ɣ
һĻɫ䣬¶ɫ
û뵽ֶΣܹüԱԼĴڣΪԼá
ȻĳΪƿԵʣΪ̣޶ȵʩչԼֶΣɱѡ
ҪɱûҪŹѡ
ԣʩչԼĵơ
¡
ĺĳһֻꪱ仯һ޴ѣһɿ񱩵ϯɶȥ
أ
ʱǲһڰն̵
Ȼ޷סͣһ˿Ѫ
㣬ҿʲô
ƶӶ˫צ˺ѿռ䣬һ׹⽻ҪʬΡ

ʱѲҽһѪɳȥ
ͣ
һ˲һѸĽӺ󷽴ѡ
ʱѷĺٴû뵽ȻڰУȴ͵ϮԼ
Ѿˡ
Է˱ɱһûѶĵ
ৣ
һʱѪӿֻѵһΪѪ
ʲôˣҲһû뵽˾ȻܹĶĿڰУҺòԼѾ룬ʮַŭ޵󱲣͵ϮձҪ㡣
ৣ
δ䣬ԵӰѵʬԱߣһĴ䡣
󵨣ĶҲһ߽ʦҪɱɱ㡣һ£ȻûϵڰУɱѵ˾Ȼһ˲ߣķŭ֪
ৣ
һ׹ֻһֻ׹צץ򳽻ԵֱۣҪֱ˺
հν
ϢƳ壬²齣ųԣ·˺һţһʱǽĹצķ˳ȥ
ýΪȻĿ⾼Ķųе齣˵ѽҪˣС㻹˵ãһҲδɡ
治
ˣˣ౾Դϯķ
аɣȻǱƣҲмӰ죬ԳҲ۳˷׽⣬
ž
һ
ʲô
ȴɵ౾Դͫ¶ɫֱ治Ǻִڡ


787 
ԼһϲԵ֮һû뵽鶼һĿơ
ɶ񡣡
ܵͣ·ܵϵĿ⡣
ʮַŭҪɱԡ

ӳϢǿᣬͣԴ˵ֵӰ졣
һ۳ɹţͬڵһ㣬ųԺݺݵĳȥ
䣡
ڰ綼һһԱеĻǾһ
ԶԶ͹˲Ҳ͹˳Եʵ
Ԫ
Ŀ棬Ӳԣ齣ճ켣ʱһɿ񱩵ľԪϯȥγһǿĽռ䡣
ʱ۳ɵĹٶȴ󽵡
֮⣡
ڴʱԵ˫۸ֳӨɫĹâȻȴһ
ۣ
죬žͱɢ
أ
һɼǿķǽ˳ȥ
һ˲Ĺ򣬳ʩչλñ䣬ʱ·У¡
񽣣
һ˲ǲŹһ˿ĻᣬԿռɱй
꣡
һͷ­â̰ȥ֪Լġ
ҲǳԽС۷Եʡ
ԾϣʼҪ۳Դ
һʵȻ˵ͻư˽ʦ
ͬһڴصĶɢ޵еǿϢоͬ󽭴ԭҰϱһ㡣

ֻڵϣϢ£˸ͬһīɫףʮֵ䡣
ˮˮһ㣬ա
๾𣬳ԾͬһƤһħת뵤ԪĹˣǱþ⣬ڵںϣͬٴһ㡣
ڵһĵͬ糵һת
Ҳ֪ȥã̺Գոɾ
ֻǱɽ֮У̺֮ǲǳԴĺ
ץͬ̽צһ㣬˺ѿռ䣬ǧʯͬһ޴ڷһöīɫľʯ䵽˳С
ʱڡ
óԲһתضҪĸо
޾ĴγҺһĴڣ֮ͬˮһ㣬־ΪԴȪ
Դ
Ȼϲͬʯᶨ
һ죬һ䡢ֲɭȻӳԵɢγ֮Ӱ˻צ
Դ
ٿȻԳվΡɽǣһӰ˸ͬһ㣬أ
Դ
ȻֻСɣȻС
һ̣һɿ񱩡̰ױȵϢʱһĵ죬ͬϯɳĮĻɽһ㡣

ں罣ĥڵϢǣͬõʵõǿͻ˰˽ʦ
һĸоڳͷоԼǰδеǿᡣ
ɱϹǣŷѪһս
սҲڴﵽ޵оŽʦĵز
ɣһͻƾŽʦпܳΪ˵ǿߵľ硣
нʦ֮µһˡ
Ȼܹͻư˽ʦΪ߽ͣʦһκܾԭԪʵԵʣһóˮɣ˳µͻư˽ʦ
˫ֻۣ˫Ŀ˸ޱȣһۣͷ·Ҫ۾һ㡣
󣬳ԴаɴɵͬԴȪһ㣬βա
ԴӵǿᣬΪĳɳ¼ʵĻ
ʬ嶼аڣա
аͺͫԳ򸾸мѡ
һУ¾ѪħҲĽѡ
ԴһӤҲ̫ݳ˰ɣ
ҲоǿᣬʣϾĳɳǹغܷͳ뿪½
ȻԺ¾Ѫϣǿ
Դͻư˽ʦóԴûа߿ռһˡ
ʵиĻҵ챮
ϳһ飬ûзֻ챮Ծ뿪
߳һɽԽһƬһ޼ʵ֡
о߿ռĹ󣬼ǲ֪жһϹžһЩûеޣȴܹͷǣ˫ͷͫߡʨһһޣڳȴӲ˱ɱ³
𣡡
ͻȻǰ޺𳹾ʮأɿ磬һſŹԴݿƻΪĩ
йâһǰ
һֻǰȻмӰںһͷϹźˮߴս
Ǻˮ߰ԵޱȣˮͰϸʮɳצĶͬһڶһ㡣
ֻڴڵĶҺǼæ
Ϲǡٻͣ
ϸһ̿⼸˵ģϹǵ˭
̩죡
ԣ
ͬʱϹҲ˳ԣʱɱӿֳЦԣ·㲻ߣ㴳ʱؾ֮գ֮ء
ߣ°ܽҲſϹǣҿĽˡһ˿˵
㡭ϹĺһͣСӣ֪֮ͽϹǲɱ㣬ĲΪˡ
ȥɡԵĵ


788 ɱٻ
ɶ̩ԸҺͺٻȥɱϹǷԼԣͻʧȥǣǲܺȥֻԼɱ¾Ҫɾɱ
ǡ
ٻȻ³ԣ˼̣οϹڣҲһЩġ
°ܽҲɱңҿϹͷԲ尡Ц˵ȴǰϹȻݶ˼ȴǲҶԸԼһ̡
ߣСӣ˵ɣ˵Խֻ࣬ɱ⣬ҲԽҡϹǶݺݵ˵һţȡ񵶣ںڷ·˸ͬһһ㡣
ٻҲҴ⣬ȡǹ߶ǧƣһ
Ҫ飬ʩչȫɱ
ϹǴһʩչ񵶾ʱݺᣬиռ䣬ɴɵ֮ɢͬӾһϯƺƵ򳽻ԡ
ʨǹ
ٻȻӳԣΪԼϣһҲҪɱԡ
ֻ趯ǹӳϣ٣ǹ৴̳ǹ䣬ͬ滨ڷƮ䣬۳һͷѩ׿ʨݣͬһͷʨһѹķ򳽻ԡ
ৣ
ߣӱһصˮǾ쵶ɢ
󣬳Ѹײڶ֮Ʊƽٻ͡
СġϹǶʱ
ȣ
Ϲѣٻ;Ѿ֪ԵĿԼæǹӲȥ
ٻͣѾͻư˽ʦڵ㣬УǾһɱֻһ
Ŀ䣬Դĵ죬ƥһںٻϣһǹַɳʱ˻Ҫɱҡ
ˡ
ֻ齣ЮԴ϶ٻ͵塣
ۡһһΪƬѪ
ɫģĴ䣬Ŀ䵽Ϲϣ˵ϹǣĹѾɱˣڸֵˡ
ԣɱ˺ٻͣϹָԣ˵
ߣҪɱңѵҲɱɣ˵
ˣˣǽҰ˴ɱˣû˾ȵ㡣Ϲ
Ϲǣ㺦ҽվ͸㣬ҼȻѾɱ˷ǡԪɱ˺ٻͣҾͲЩνĴ壬һҪɱ㡣ɱ¶ĶϹ˵
Ҫɱң
ϹԹЦ·һЦŪĿų˵Сӣɱ˷ˣҲӵˣϹϹټɱңϵ¶û˾ȵ㡣
Ϲǣ̫ˣ߹ǡңҴܣ÷ɱң̨ϱҴܣŷĻһҾͰɱˣһغ͵ڶأεҪɱңѵΪĲɱ𣿡
Զݺݵ˵Ҿɱ

ϹҲܲ˳Եƣŭˡ
񣡡
񣡡
񣡡
ˮͨģСϪɱһӿ򳽻ԣǵһƣķ
ǻŸʲôҪɱϹǶ̩˺е
ৣৣ
̩׵ˮߣɱ򳽻ԡ

Ŀк¶齣ɱѩ
ɱɣɱɣɱ˺ٻͣɱ̩ɱ죬Ҫҳ֣С㶼ֻ·һϹǶݺݵ
𽣹⣡
ٷţ
һɱУȥ̩˵Ĺ
ǱƵϹҡ
ৣ
ö붼벻ǣϹǾȻֱʩչߡ
㲻Ҫɱǣ
һ̣̩˲оԵĿ£ֱһɱԼ˸Ƕ֣ġ
ҲԣǾͳңҵūšԼоâһݺݵ˵
ūţ
̩˶ǵӭųԵĿ⣬˿һɱԼˣ̴ӦԸΪūš
Ǻãͷǵ꣬˵
ǡ̩Сһͷͷꡣ
ˣָ㣬ڶ¾ӡǣһͷԼͿĨȥǵ꣬ʬ⡣
ˣûҵķԸǲ˵ȥ𣿡ȵ
ס̩˼һʱӦ
ԻǶˡ
һ仰һ˺ѳȥռ䣬׷Ϲǡ
ǺˮҪسԣֱӱ÷ӡ
һĻ̩˿־塣
֣Ǹô죿쵨ʵ
ô죿ô֪ô죿ȴķԸɡ̩ãһį˵ϹСǣǶнգ
ɶ񡣡Ҳŭѡ
߰ɡ̩̾
һֱ׷ȥ˲ǧϹǵٶȼ죬˶١
ôɱǶˣϹǻͷԣɫ䣬ŵʵ
ڸֵˡޱĵ
ԣɱң֪мʦµı֮ɱңҲҪشۡϹͷ˼˵㿴Σ֮飬͵ΪֹɣӽԺҲ鷳ҲҪҵ鷳ˡ
Ϲǣ˶֪㱰޳ܣ޳ô㣿Цʵ
㡭ϹĲѪԼ
ˣϹǣԸԶһۣ֮ĶԹһʹˡԺЦ˵
ΡϹ
ȻҾɱ㡣˵


789 ϹԹǺ
ৣಣ
һǰһϹǺͳԶ˼ٱۣ۵糸
ɶĳԣϹһŹ㡣ϹǶݺݵ
ͻư˽ʦϹǾ֪ӵ޵оŽʦսԼĶ֡
óĵƣҲܾ˵Ľ
ԣϹܡ
ڼϹŶѾС׷ˡϹǰ
󷽣ɫá
ĳϹٶȴǣΪһ׶ԵʣԼһʦܵٶ׷
ȥԲʡ
ϹǲʵļǿҪɱԼĻԼǾһ
ϹǱ
ܹ籾ԴĻٶһ׷Ϲǻһ׾ٵ顣
ԣ׷ҵġϹǵޱȣǧ֮Ц
¡
ڴʱһаɵĽɫԽǧ׿ռ䣬նϹǡ
һǴĽԵûһ˿ʣϹǱеĻ
ɶ񣡡
Ϲߵ˼㣬û뵽;˺һš
ˣ
֮䣬ԥóʦܴıһܺУֶΣȶʦܵȫһ
ն
һԲ˺Ѷͬһ£أ˺ķǽɫϣһʱɢ˿
ĵص࣬㣬һɱ㡣
û˿ԥϹǼٱȥ
ܺһдʦֶηӡģ֮ûзӡǿĹֶΣΪܵƣûкʵܺУҲûиӾʽ
ԣֶΣ൱ڶʦܵȫһ
صȻǼȻӲֵסһԲ
Ҳܣˡ
Ϲȴ˼󷽵ĳԣһ׷Լɾ׶༪١
ԣûмصࡣ
𣡡
ǵصȫ貣ͬһսһ𵶣ޱȣһ˫۾ǷŽɫ˲ֱӡ
Ҫ׷ɱϹǣٶô죬ͷˡ
̷˺󷽵ĳԣһĿӿɱ񱩵Ľϯͬ籩һ㣬н֮ռ䶼ˡ

ˣޱȣվϹˡ
Ŀ䵽صϣ¶һɱ⣬齣죬ĿҪɱˡ
ɶĶ࣬ҰѴ㻹ţҿˡɫصĿ˵Ķųԣһ涼ȥչľиͬһɱҪɱԡ
㻵Ҵ£
Ŀ䣬ɱ֣Юŷ⣬ȥ৵һ£齣У϶ɲལһΪն
ÿµһ
ҰѴʧɫȴûкˣһҧӭȥ
ն
ȫ貽⣬ͬһֽգҫķأɵĻ߿ռ䶼ҫóһɫ硣
Ǿ޴Ľɫͬϯ£ԡ
ۣ
һȻƿ˳ԵĲལ
⣡
һʹԴаɭֲϢȥܼ֮Ұѡ
顱
һ죬ҰѾͬ⵽ɽײһ㣬˳ȥ
ϵϢ˥⵽˲ʳ
ɶĵࡣ
Ұʮֲʣ֪ԼĶ֣ܡ
ӵ𣿡
Цһ׷ȥ
˭֪ҰѾȻǱһƬ꣬һһɽ̾أɢɣ
ʱԸоһɺǿ
ɶĵ࣬е͸
Ұһ̳һ¶ߣһƬ

Ըо˼ǿһɳϢͷ·һͷԵڶ˯һ㡣
ȻС
ԽΣյĵطԽдԵ
ҪǲеģҪǻԵͻ
ͬ˵ģһӵд˵ˣܹõԵ
뿴ҰкεƣҰԼ
ص磬һƬڰ
ԵʶǿȻֲʮָǰһУȻĿ
໡
Ȼصһµ𣬾ͬںһ㡣
ʬ
оâһ̷ֱһʬ޵оŽʦĴڣ޹ֺҰѰԼΪ⽩ʬԸԼ
ǿͻȻ˵
ҲоˡԳ˵Ī⽩ʬԹ
ȥ֪ˡ˵
û˿ԥԽ
һȻҰѣֻһ߸ߴޱȵĽʬŹӣ˫צָһ˸⻡
ʬôǿɣҰѺЦʵ
ĽʣܺãҪľʣͿ뿪طˡʬųԣͬڴһƷһ㣬¶ɫʣһ˵СӣܹΪĶӦøеˣ㹱׳ɡ
һΪʲôԭһʬ
һЦ˿Ĳ壬˵񣬸ס⽩ʬɱصࡣ
á
ֻӷռ˳һâ¶
飿
ʬҰѿŷ񣬶һ¶̰Ŀ⡣
û뵽㾹Ȼӵıܺã鱾ˡʬ˵
ৣ
ȴûиϻֱɱҰѡ


790 Ѫ
壡
ҰѴ󼱣ʩչȫҫͷüëΪ˽ɫֱһսɢ޼᲻ݵϢ
治
һЦȫȼգֳ౾Դնལϣ۵һĲˣػһ㣬ɳȥ
ҽһʬҡ
Сӣɱͻ㡣ʬĿͬһͷޣҪˣȴǱסˡ
˭ȵ㣿Ц
ɶҵصǲŹġҰĿ
ۣ
û֣ԪȻ籩ɱ
ҰȻҲ޵оŽʦʵȴֵܵУɱ
Сˡ
ʬŭ죬˻צҪɱԡ
ʬڵʮŨҪģɣвףֻҪ㹱׳ԼڵҾһԵĵ
롣ʬЩȥԼýʬȻһС裬ֱܴ裬Ҫѩޡ
ߣ㻹ֲǰư˵
СΪܹɱΡ
ʬһ˫ţܿռ𣬺¡¡죬ͬһ㣬ʱԸоڲڱѣڶҡһһ޴ѷӽʬ֣һ߰׹Ӵޱȣɳǳ˳ǰ
Ϲԣ񾪵
߷֣СҲǱĶ֣෴㻹ᱻɱԵ⣬ȵѪΪʬȻϳ壬䵽ϹͷϣͬѲΣķЦĵ
ڵˡ
ʬ˻һϹͷ­У򳽻ԡ
Ҳû뵽ʬȻӵȱ
ϹԵĹǺǿǶ޴ڣһҪĴڰ
Գɫʱһ䣬ȴ˵ˣϹȻѾˣ߹Ǻȴľ裬õĻҲ
Ǻãֽ⽩ʬɱ
˾Ҫɱʬ
ৣ
ɣԻ治ǰȥһ齣ټȡ֮Ǳ
ͬʱг˷ӡ
¡
ӡϢǣͬһɫɽԹǺȥ

趯أǳԹǺϿգһ߽ÿһ̺ÿһŵıǳԹǺϣͷ­еĽʬ𣺡ɶСӣĲ㡣
䣡
ʬƵԹǺȻſ޿ڣһ
̺ʬںһͬҽϯҰһ㡣
֮һʯɻһҡ
µ˼㣡
Ԫ
ڴΣͷʩչԪ񣬹
أ
ֻһӡѹԹǺϣһƬ֮ǽʬǴһɿֲʬϯ˳ȥ
С˲˱ġ
ʬޱȣЦԦԹǺ򳽻ԡ
𣿡
һЦһۿǽʬ̶ܡ
Ҳ˲䣬ûۿС
հν
ԥһһڽʬϣͺڸְһ޼᲻ݣķˡ
ɶ㾹ҽʬŭգ˻

ڴʱԴ߶ԴͲ౾ԴӲԹǺ
ʲôʬе
ۣ
ԹǺûκεķͱӲˡ

һƬƴϯصһʬײ˳ȥ
ɶСûꡣʬˣʩչܣºݻ
ٶڳУֱСơ
һӣͱ׷ϡ
ಣ
ͬһʱ䣬񹥻һ㣬ʬ˳ȥʯϣˤ۴УҪɱ㡣
ڤ粻飡˵
䣡䣡䣡
ԹǺ̺ȻûԴȴǿ˱ÿƽʬһʩչýʬʵܵѹƣзһЭʬʱǰˡ
𣡡
һ㣬˻Сƴˡ
ࣣ
˵գſڷĵֻ֮һźɫ˳Լʬ
Сӣɣ
ʬһʬתγһѣ޾ӿųֶȥ
ӣҪ̵ʬ
ʱȻ˵ӽУҾͿ̵⽩ʬ̵ʬ
á
һֻаûѡ
ʲô
ʬ󾪣ȻоڵƵӿȥ·ڱһ㣬ûֹ
ȻһֻȻɱȥġ
ʬ
ʬ̴Ҫջʬ
Ѿͷ龫֣ôóأ
̡
һֻʬȻļ
ʬƴֹԼʬ
ӣֹ˵
̳֣񽣣һͶ˽ʬ壬ɳȥ䵽ϣؿڳʬѪ
ɶС㣡ʬþһ˿
ۣ
ʬ̱աɣʬʧȥʬҲûֶþȥˡ


791 ûʲôܵ
ӣʬͿǰˡ˵˵
ԴϲĻԿռƿأһԼаʬ
󣬳ص磬źûзֻ챮Ӱ
߿ռʵ̫ˣһʱ䣬Ҫҵ챮Ҳһ׵顣
ӵصԽ߿ռ
أ
ͻȻǰһֻƬ飬һͰɽ屻ȥ
Ѫվڡ
Ƕˣ͵
ţԾ
ġ
ৣ
ĿһԷ۵糸ȥһͳһɽϣֻ·һѪµѪǿΧһǾͷ죬һǺʨʨѪ޵оŽʦʵʮֲֿ
ѪһжǶֻ֣м֮ûз֮ܡ
أ
һαˣһѪ
ʨѪЦƣҪɱѪ
հν
ûκγɣһնһţ졣
һĲ˼顣
ʲôˣ
쵽Σһ߽һ˻
һֻ̣ԳѪߡ
֣Ѫͻĳԣһһۣͻˣ
šԵͷʵ㻹ս𣿡
û⡣ѪʨѪɭȻЦ֪ԵʵȻѾͻư˽ʦȻ޵оŽʦʵĻȻԺ˶һ
һһԵ
áѪһѪһѪɫգʨѪֶȥ
㣬Ǹ߽ʦСӣ
ϳ˳ԣһм˵ѵΪѾͻ˰˽ʦͿԺͱս𣿡
ϻ̫ˡĵ

ɫʱһ˫ĿɭȻͬԵҪԵԣһͬһĽ綾ҧ򳽻ԡ
治
ȼգķأ౾ԴӳڳϣߣԴԴϡ
·һ㣬Ż֮齣ն졣

һĺĳӰֻʱ˳ȥ
ĽʣʱʧôܣľͷߣоͷѪҲֻʣһôӵĽʣ
ûʲôܵġԵĵ
ãձɱ㣬ĽʾǱˡ̰֮ɫ˸ųԶݺݵ˵
޵оŽʦǿߣͲųһ˽ʦܹԼ
οĽɫ첻֪ɱ˶١
ɱ
챬һж߽ವһ򳽻ԣ̺߶Ľն£̾Ⱦһںڵ壬·һҺ򳽻ԣҪ
Ȼ壬ǿһѪսʨѪ˶Ѫֱ֮ѪײϢʮֵĿֲ
ֻһۣԾͿѪʨѪ˵ʵǲ£Ͼͬ޵оŽʦʵߣҪֳʤǼѵģοǴܶ֡
ʨѪĻʼڡ
ԣԾսپٶնɱ졣
ؽ
ͻư˽ʦԵľԼԪǿϵĳ̶ȣǿ޵УʩչĽռǶķĿ⵽߶ʴĿռֹͣӡ
ʲô
ʱɫ䣬оռһǿǿƽԼ޷տ
һ
֪ԼСˣǺɵʩչԼɱС
ֻӳһӳһЯĶߣһֿҵ̬ųԹȥ
Ѿһʩչλñ䡣
һõĻǰСھͷһǿͬڣ޵С
ڣӭ˻ν٣
ǿֲ̺ܵ׽ٺҪ
ҽУѪ˺ۡ
Ӳдĵڵϣһ׽ɱ

Ȼ췢һ˻һѪĿĶųԣ˵Ǿʦ
ϧ֪̫ˡ
һ֣ۻ治齣ն£ལ⣬հνǿ˺أһƬˣֱ߶ϣһһѪͬʱ嵹˳ȥ
أ
쵹ڵϣѪǰһ߽ۣѪ
ʲô
ѪսʨѪ˴ʧɫĿɿڴĿųԣҪԮȴѪסȵ֣ɵúá
ৣ
ûκγɣɱ졣
ɱûôס
һ˫Ŀ̶ͬһ㷺ɭâ
໡ͻȻһХֻ컯˱壬һ޴ߣоŸԴģſҪɳԡ
ԣ˵ˣû뵽ʵǿ󣬵ΪͿɱңǾʹشվιʳҵľŸԴ
˵գͳų˺ҧ
¡
Ӵδƽǿ񱩵ĶѾͬһϯ·Ҫûԡ
֮
֮
֮࣡
ǿֲϢƽԣСϾԲ౾ԴΪԴȪһʩչԵľ֮
һʱ֣ɱ졣
֣飬ѹķأܣ飬ͷѹȡ
ء
˲䣬Ծ֮ն˳ȥһƬ
໡
Ӵ̱˳ȥܵصĴˣǲԵľ֮ľ룬ǰһƬڰŸԴǺҵ˺ҧŤͬһ㡣
֮ľɣɽʯ飬رѣûһ˿ڡ


792 ɱ졢ʨѪ
ͣ
ޱ飬ɱȻǰ⣬ӵϵĸʴīһһԴ𣬽žһɫѪӿ

նȥһԴʹ۴У˸ԴǶޱȣԣұǺҾͷԣû˾ȵ㡣
ͷˣ㻹вңҾնȥһԴ
к˸ƣ齣ɢĹͬɨ£ӳһϯȥ
ۣ
ѪӿʧȥһԴ
ſԴȥ
Ҫɱ㡣
𣬿񱩵˼㣬Ӵβɨ¡죬ͬڣ󽭴ӺƵһ㡣
ڤ粻飡
һΣЯϽ⣬֣ͬâ¶齣һԴǰһ͵һһѪһԴնȥˡ

ӿƬ⣬
ֻ̬ߺ֮任ߵϢϢһӣϢǿ˱
𣡡
һͬһɫųԲƶ
񣡡
ϹţĴ˵ʩչͨǸͨģֻԴںһϢǣþͬһͷһ㣬żѪҪɱˡ
¡
ſڣСųԵͷ¡
ң
̸оΣһ౾ԴԴӳ壬ڡ
ʢ˥ʱ
񽣣
һУϢٴοǣѸٽ䣬һо񽣣Խռʱƣ壬ѪͬСϪһ
ʱĽк
֡ʨѪʩչɱС֮У

һХѪ˳ȥ
¡һʨѪҪԮ졣
Ϊ֪ˣҲˡ
óѡ
Ȳ
ĿʨѪһۣĿ罣һ䵽ϣٴʩչལ⡣
Ҹƴˡ
쵨ں쳤ХһŽӲӵڵ׵һ򳽻ԡ
һڣԴȪƴҲҪֵһС
ռ俪
ˣǹһ˿ıóѵ΢ЦһӲӵķӡƿأһ½ڵս˷ռ䡣
̸оڵԼʧȥϵһѪ
죬ʲôҶЦʵ
Ҫɱҡ˵
ѽͻȻʨѪһ˫ִ趯Ѫӣɱɱ
巽Ѫ
ڴʱѪʩչ֮һ
¡
շ·ڱݣռ𶯣񱩡¡Ѫ巽ӺɱʨѪ
˲
ĿʨѪһۣʩչ˾֮ࡣ
ˡ
ʧȥڵ죬ʮֹ޷ֵԵĲԾ֮˲䱻Ĩɱʬһ㵹˵ϣϢȫϾ
죡ʨѪŵĴ
أ
ͬʱǿϵѪĺ󱳣صһͬɽײһ㣬һѪ˷˳ȥ
㲡Ҫ
ԺѪͬʱʩչɱС
ʮѪ
񽣣
ɱǰ˵ʨѪ޷ֵҽһͱɱһѪ
ڵ㡣ԿѪĵ
ҾͲˡ弶Ž׵޵ޱȣ˵Ǵ󲹣ѪûпʨѪڵһֿ˵֣һζҡ
ˣɣҲ֪˳ֶѡ԰˵
ৣ
˵գ㱬߿ռڲȥ
־ѪҲֻһԵ
ɱʨѪˣʵѵĻǿߣǱһ롣
ǿ߶޵оŽʦʵΣռɱǣǽΣ
ʮǿߣ޵оŽʦǿߣȥֻʳ졢Ұްˡ
һԭֻѪŷ޵оŽʦǿߣʵǿ˳ԣҲһ֮ɱˣʵҲƽˡ
ڣҲ͵ĵصж޵оŽʦǿߡ
ûǿߴڣ
ǹؼ
Ҫҵľǻ챮
ҪĶҵغԽʦ֮ٶȡ
ҺԼҵֻǿʵܱ֤
䣡
һƬ಻ɽ֮䣬ԺȻһ̸ȥ
·һƬҰ֮أֻŷһǿڴ򶷣ʳǿʳ졣
ʳǿ֮һۺʵŽǰں塣
ԣʳʵҲ쳣ǿȻŷս൱
һͿԿʳʵҪѪǿһ㣬ȴѹԵʵ
ǾŽʦǿߵĴڣھŽʦһΣûܹɱ޵оŽʦռƵ嶼ܡ
󣡡
֣
ħ
ħצ
ֻŷʩչɱУˮȡιħңĪ⣬κβʳ졣
ȭ
ǻȭ
ǳȭ
ʳҲʾʩչɱУٿգǳ䣬һĩֵľ
أ
һ춯صıըУŷʳ˷˿ɴɵĿ֮źϯȥݿ࣬ľʣɽ嶼бˡ
ʹʹ죬һһǿߵʵȻǿʳʳ޴Ѫɫ£أϢǿĿԵֻһ񣬾ͷ·˺أױȡ


793 Ϯɱʳ
Ҳŷ˵
ߣǵһҸô˵ˣʵʳ˵
ʳ죬ҵʵѾ̹ˣ㲻ܴңӵǿߵʵͬҲ޷㣬ҿһԾ͵Ϊֹɡŷ˵
𣿡ʳЦķ˵֪㻹һඦûʩչͰóɣҿඦжҲ뿴߱񹦵Ρ
ãԸ
ŷһдͼĳۣ죬ʥϵϢɢ
ˣ
ֻ־ඦͳͷϷ
ͬһ㡣
߱񹦣
ͬʱʳ˻һƬѪӿһɼǿ˺֮ϯȥռ̱˺ѣըѿ
һУҪ߱
ʳҪ߱ŷ
УҲŷһĴڣҪɱԷ
ֲǿ˳ٵϢɱĥɽ·䣬Ѫһ㡣
һУֲ˼£
Զоһ˿Σ
¡
ŷֻ˫ඦͷ񷣬ŲȴأͬһǰС
һ·߹ݹѣϾһѹɽӣѹȺɽϢɢȥԺɨǧϯء
¡¡
ںХڵɱеײһصһޣ·Կһ㡣
䣬˶ݵţ
䡪
һ̣һ춯ص
飡
ֻŷʳ˶һѪͬ߷һ㵹˳ȥ
ܾˣ
˿˱˴һ̷ۣһҩͬķȥ
ûᡣ
ʳߵķ򣬳˸ɱϢȥ
ʳʵǿУǿĴڣûпԴˣ۷ʱ̣ǳɱĿܣ΢΢ڲͬˣɱĺûᡣ
ԣԲװ״
һǰһ󣬾ǧ
ڣʳͣɫһףһѪݺݵ˵ŷඦȻȻҵ߱ƴܾ˵³ɱʨѪѼ˲С
գʳһ˫ѪĿ¶ɱ
˭
Ȼһ
ֻԳĿУʳǽһӷмĿ˳һۣ˵ԭңɱ𣿡
һƽĵ
ʳʱЦ˵Цһ˽ʦҲɱңˣҪɱ㣬ҲǲѴ֮
ԡǹһĨȣĵ

ʳ첪ȻŭĿ¶ɱһ˽ʦҲ˵ֱǻòͷˡ
ȭ
һȭӿ֣ͬɽ緢һ㡣
Сɽ޴ȭ򳽻ԣͬһ˲һֻһ
ʳ˿һȭǶŽʦҪһȭ֮¡
ϧĶֲǶŽʦҲŷǳԡ
ལ⣡
һ֣Ծû飬Ͳʳһ˿ĻᣬԴݿĥһȭʳ졣
թ࣬ʵʳɫ䣬˻ŭ
أ
һ䣬ͱལ˳ȥϣ£Ԩƺĥϼˣ۵һһѪ
ʳ죬㻹Ϊûɱʵ𣿡Цʳ˵
ɣеͺһսʳŭˣңʲôӢۣ
ԹЦ׳ƵĿʳ˵ʳ죬û뵽һҲ˵ĻѵڲǺһս𣿻УҪһ㣬ҲҪ㣬Ҫɱ㡣
Ҫɱңʳ첻ŵ˵
ԺЦͷ˵۷ʱȷʵɱ㣬ֻ·һˡ
࣬ɱҶûкô޾鷳֪ʳ峤һɱͻʳķŭʱѡʳƽ˵
˵ĺе޹أʳ࣬Ҳ档Եĵ
ɱңǿǲŹġʳɫ䣬˵
˵ĿѣʨѪǼЦ
Ƕ޵оŽʦʵɱͻմҵϢʱǾͲŹ㡣ʳͷ˵
ȴǿǹһ˿΢ЦһõԤиͷ
ֻĳ˿˵ʳ죬ҪʧˣҸղ˵ˣѾɱˡ
˵ʲôʳʱʧƭңⲻܡ
㿴ʲôóڵЦʵ
Ϣʳ첻ŵĺ
ˣڸֵˡ˵
࣬ɱңսġʳ֪ԼѾûϣˣ
ڵ˼㣬ŷƴһеĻԼͲ³
ۣ
һӳлӳĨɱʳ죬һѪڵɳ䵽˳С
ʬ𼣣뿪
߿ռ䣬һľ
ͷݻ˫ͷ쳤ɽ֡
ˡ
ͻȻǰһȦֺĹԣйϲɣ
ԼоâһЮȥ
һƬҰϣŷ塢һξٿξֵܱصΧ

֣
ɽֺХ
صһһⶼʮǿһǿŷѹƣξٿֵܸˡ


794 ɱ
Щĵ࣬ɣ
ľǵص֣޵оŽʦĴڣֺʽ񶾣
һ£ŷ˶˰ˡ
ɣ
һص죬ΰɫ죬̤Ƴ˫Яܻ棬ҽڴعЦҪɱŷˡ
Ӹƴˡ
ξٿŭɢϢҪͻͬھֻԼҲҪ
Ҫ
һŷ˴𣬳ǰȥԮ
ľĿ飬趯ƣһƬϯͬ籩ɱԾԵʵɱŷˡ
ûֵĻ˱ɡ
ಣ
ʯ֮䣬һնԽռ䣬һƽľƺͻ˵Ĺ
˭ľƺͻ˶һ
ŷ˶û뵽ͷȻ˳־Լˣ˭
Ŀ⿴ȥ˶ʱһƬϲԡ
õһ˽ʦҲǰˣҿǻòͷˡľԭŵһӷмɨ˳һ˵
ȻŷȴǴϲ˲֪ͻһ׵壬ȴʮ
߽ʦԾܹѪŷ˶Կͻư˽ʦǾӵ޵оŽʦʵ
˽ʦͻˣ
̫ˣҪǱɱЩ˵
ҪСģӵ޵оŽʦεĵصࡣ
ŷ˼æѳԣһɵĿŵصࡣ
ߣصҲֻɱһҲɱĵ

󵨣
һ˽ʦҲ˵Ļҿǿ֪ȻҾͳȫ㡣
ľơһص鶼ǴŭĿ¶ɱΧϳԡ
֪࣬մ˵ؾڡ춢ųԣһԶģĵ
ҪϻɱƢȴȣھҪɱԣû˿飬һ˵
ʱӿ¡¡졣
һɫСɽ۶ɣпֲصϢɢͬɽһײ򳽻ԣҪĽװ
һЦ齣˺أ¢ϳգԪɽϣһ죬ƥЯϷ֮ʱ顣
ʧɫ˻Уһ̫ˣ㲻ˡ
ס֣
õɱ飬ҾҪ㳥
ľƺͻ˴ŭʩɱУԮ顣
ѾУȻûɣһӡֱӴ죬ӿͬһƬɫ罫֡
͡һ͸壬룬Ѫȣӿķ
Ҫɱ㡣
ľƲȻŭһľɳɱ򳽻ԡ
ȻȴǴ˻ĺľ־ң
ֻ޷ֵӡܣһľͽԪɢٰһǵĻɡ
ӡľƾŭӣ˫Ŀɱһ⿿죬ҪӡĹ
ߣȵ𣿡һ˵
ལ⣡
齣һս౾Դ̹ӿȥľơ
ͬʱһԴĵ֣÷ӡѹ죬ա
ۡҽûüͱճ˻ҽ
ľĴ˫Ŀâͬ棬買ǳһָϯ񷡣
ĵ֮һľָ
潣⣡
ľû潣ӦʣҽϯأǳľһָʮǻľҲ޷ֵסľָ
ɣΪͻɣľȫӿ⣬ܣԽɿռ䣬ʮָɫָ۾ͬһӣʰ̬򳽻ԣҪķѡ
ƾƽ޲齣ִУ£׷ɡ
һ죬ľһнľָͱȥ
츫
Ⱦ
֣
ŷһۣûᡯʩչԵƣɱľơ
ƾЩҲɱңҹľǵصǿߣ޵оŽʦʵ£ŷ˷Уͬһɫɽֱײŷ˷׷ױײ
СӣǲŹġľȻսҲ֪ԼǳԵĶ֣ԱŷˣҪȥ
ӲˡԵĵ
ŷȻûܴľƣȴȡһ˿ʱ䡣
λñ䣡
٣ʵ٣ﹲ棬ǽľλ֮С
ڴ𣬾ͬޣС
񽣣
ڿռԵľ񽣣Ѿ磬ǰôѣﵽⷢľء
ۡһ죬ľƵͱ˫Ľ࣬ռ֮޷ֵѪȾȫ
ռ佣ľŴ۾İͣصһ˵ϡ
ǰһһ棬ʬա
ˣ
ŷĿɿڴĿųԡ
ȻѾ²⵽ʵȴûۼӵĴ̼
Σգǻ뿪ɡһƽ˵
áŷ˵ͷڳࡣ
ξٿʵ֣ô˵ӵ޵оŽʦʵˣ
ǺǡԵȻһЦȴشȴǱˡ
찡˽ʦͿ޵оŽʦͻƾŽʦĻѵܹΪҶһŽʦǿߣξٿͣ㵵ĵ
ǿ߼ľŽʦǿǴ˵еĴڰξȵĵ
ĳΪȼǿߣĳɾͲȻһ߽ʦܰһ쾪̾
߽ʦǿ½۷Ĵڣҹ۳ֲûпܴﵽǸΡŷһ𾪵


795 챮
ֻһЦʵӰأ
Ҳûпξٿҡͷ˵
ҲǺòھһġŷ嵱Ȼ׳Ե˼ü˵߿ռ۸ӣ壬壬ص壬ǺߣĪ⣬Ӱȥ٣̽ǵʵ
¹лֶΣֻҪ޵оŽʦεĶ֣ûд󰭡һ˵
Ǻһߴ̽Ϣһһ챮˼˵
ԣһ˶û
ʱƣ˻߿ռ
ǷȪٲ޺УҼ̤أȻ̺һ¶Ϲž
ŷ棬
ʱ޳ûҪɳԵˣɱ
¡¡¡¡
ͻȻ·ڼ̤Ұңʮֺˣ֮һɼ񱩡ҵϢǴǧ֮⴫
ߡԵʶΪǿ̸оϢһǰ
ŷ˼Ҳиʩչٳ
ǧ֮⣡
ֻһߴɣɽųһʯƶ˫˫Ħ죬ֱ۾ͬǺ֮һ㣬˫֮ͫУŻȼգͬʥ졣

ʯ˵ܣ塢塢ص幥
ŷ˺ȻС
Ҳвǿ纣Ұԭ
ֻҰԻ˱壬һֻ޴ĺӴޱȣ˫еɫչ裬ۣʮ֮һ˫׽ɫצӷ˫Ⱦ棬Ҫո
ͬչ߷ɣһӾǰͬһ㡣
ʯǰҰͬһֻճС񣬲ʩչ١
Ϊʯ̫ˣֱչգ壬ͽ׾ٵײ˳ȥ
ԭ꣬жʮɴͬڴصɽΡǣݺݵײʯˣҪײ
ʯ˵һֻССԴȵģ
顱һֻʯһž߷˹ԭֻҽ
ŷ˶ǰ
ֻǳϵģصǿȴĽһ
ԣľˮһ󷨣ȻﵽĽʦĵزɽŲɽڶۣڵΣڷѣǿޱߣ·ʯһƴ¡
̫ˡ
˸ϵ֮⣬󣬶̾
ֱ֡
֣ԣڴʱֻѪͶӰ˴ӲԶˡ
ף¹ôһ𣿡ξٿץԴʵ
ŷһҲɻĿŶӰ
׷ɱŹӾҡӰ˿һ죬æ濪⣬ʵô£ܻôֲʯˣ
ҲǸ˽ԿѪһ˵
ʯ˵ʵ̫ǿˣǵһĶ֡Ѫʯˣü˵ǾҺͳȥŷҲ
ǳȥ᲻ΣգӰǵ
¹ͷİɣֵʵʮǿģصһ޵оŽʦǿ߶նɱˡξٿЦ
ڵʵѾùĪˡŷ˵
һξ϶Цͷ
ôӰ
Ǻǣ˵ǳֳֵĻѾʨѪˡѪЦ
ʨѪѾˣӰ
Цͷ˵ˣԷ˰ɡ˵תԳ˵ô֣ɸȥʯˣҿô˶һܡ
кβңЦ
ѪһЦһչһ
ˣҲںԷ壬Ѫࡣ
ڴʱһǿ߱ʯһŲŷ˱˳
ŷ֡Ѫ
֣֣ŷһ¶֮ɫѾǰ˽ʦΪʱһЦϲֽһ
ҶѡЦ
ŷ֣ʯô£Ѫչʯüʵ
㿴ǰŷָȥ˵
ԺѪ˼ɻ˳ָķȥֻʯǰȻһʯйƣޣʮֹϣԳԵļʶҲԱʶ
ǻ챮Ѫɲĵ
ŷͷ˵͵ص嶼ڶԸʯˣʯ̫ǿˣô˶Ķ֡
Ҫõ챮ѡѪü
ҲǳĬüͷ챮ʯǰȻλԣȴʯػ˲ˣ˵Ƥӵȡ챮ˡ
䡪Ȼһը죬ֻص־ȻʯˣҡΡ
ɱצ
һ˲䣬ҰʩչɱУ񱩵˫צϣ֮â׺羧һԣҪ˺һ㣬ݺץʯˡ
Ǳ
һԵȴĹԭʮֲʣ˻̹ɱһźɫţڵһȥ
˺ѵ
ڰеǿ»˫ֺʮۣԣʣ̻һѤãòȴ̺صܣžһض·룬ʯͷҪ롣
дӡ
ͬʱصǿٴκȻ˫ڣ°鳱һһĶطԲӡʯͷϿգɽһҪѹʯˡ
͵صǿͬʱֱ֣ǻأ׳۵˼¡


796 ɱص
أأأأأ
ɱйʯˣض·𱻴ˣ³ɽѣȪٲһ˼ĩվ
Ȼʯ˾ͷ·ûпֶɱԼһ㡣
ֻͬԭҰǰУڰأԭ˵ֶֻºۼֺ
дӡµʱʯ˺Ȼ̧ͷڱۣŴڹǳֻ糤죬оγ֮ܣۡһдӡֽͬɵһ㱻顣
ˡʱһɺ̲Ϣϯһ޼ɣһж۴⡣
أ
һ⣬صǿߺǿ߱˳ȥ
˻
ԡѪŷ˶ǼˣǶ崫ߣʶ㣬Ѿﵽ費ľ磬ԸΪˣ߽ʦܶʶ˼һĻǵһ
ʯδҲ̫˰ɣ
һۣǾĪ
ѾԽǵա
ԭΪʯ˻ṥǣõķ׼˭֪ʯֻǿһۣתȥ
ˡصǿ̱Ҫʯˡ
ŷ챮ʯ˵ϣʱ¶Թһ֣ڻ챮Ĺķǿ͹ķҰչ߷ɣХ˵
áŷ򳽻Զ˵ͷ֣ͬ˳ȥ
һ֡ҰһʩչֶΣ
ʯ˺Ȼӳֱۣأ¡¡ϯأҰ˶˳ȥ
Сӣ汾ԴĻᵽˡʱϻúȻ˵
ʯ˵򣿡ʵ
ʵ̫̺֮汾ԴҪֲֻһţͿ汾ԴŵĻгɻ汾Դδɡϻζ˵㻹һôǿ治ܡ
ʯ̫£¾Ѫ֡ü˵
˷ģ³һʯͷ¾Ѫæ˵ʵԽǿ뿪½ĻҲԽȻϣǿʵˡ
һǾͻ֪Ĵڡ˵
ˣ°ȫɱˡ¾ѪһɱħͷеˡħԼ˶˵ֱǾţһë
Сҡͷ˵
ĸȥȵЩ˲ע⣬ڳ֡¾ѪΪ˳ܹǿǶԾ뷨ӡ
ô졣Ծ취һ㣬Լδʦʵ֮ǰûǲҪ©¾ѪĴڡ
ô죿Ѫɫһ˵ʯ̫ǿˣһҲĶ֡
Ժϻá¾Ѫֻһ˲飬Ѫŷ˸Ļ˵ǿУֻȡ
˵ȸȥȥŷ˵
áѪͬӣϾѾûбķˡ
ɱЩࡣͻȻصǿ߳ŷˣҪɱǡ
ѪٿȻһ˺ѳȥˡ
ŷҲ¶ɱ⣬˫ඦٶһ㣬߶ȥͬһɽײ˳ȥ·Ҫˡ
հν
һû볤գһ죬һصϣҽһϢϾˡ
ȴޱ飬ͥŲ·ԼҺ԰̧齣ɱһˡ
ɱһӵнɫƤĵص嶢ųԣĿͬʵʣ񽣣иռ䣬ȻһͫԼӳ־Ŀɱ֡
֮⡣ǱˣһǲҲҪˣϧ˳ԣĲңԷ࣬ڲ֮ϵ౾ԴĹԣһصԱģ
ӵ޵оŽʦʵͬ޷ֵ֮⡣
̷һҽУ˫ס˫ĿнɫѪҺĿͬҰһ˻ҽ󸣬Ҫֽ˺롣˵գ˫һӣţȫⱬͬһһ㣬˫
ֻһһһɳնУҫϢأɢĽɫ⣬пµ˺
ռӿը쿪Խɿռ䣬˳ǰд𣺡ɣ
ֻаɳӡ˸ʵʣһΪѸһڳͷϷҪ롣
Ԫ
û˿ԥһ£ռ䡣
ɽɫ£̶֮·ͻĥҪһ㡣
񽣣
ԸҪɱԼˣԴ飬־ǵƣҪɱ
ʧɫûмȽֱǹͨһɨһ㣬һѪ佦ҽһ˳ȥ
ն
Ȼݵȥ
ؽֱٶȴ󽵣¶֮ɫеľԴҡ
˭ҲȲ㡣ɭȻĵ
ལ⣡
ϡɴȵһ·ԽʱͿռ䣬һ£롣
󸡪ɶĵ࣬ǶҪصǿ˻һɱĿ򳽻ԣ޲ɱ
áѪŷȴǴȣǰɱ
ȫɱ̤ϣƽ˵
ɱǣǺصԣǴἤǵصĴս֪𣿡ɫƤľԴе
һ⻰Ѫŷ˶ʱһ㶡
صһ֪еĹ壬߹ڣĽȫɱĻп˵ģ͵ս
룡


797 ֣ʱ
ڣ̽ǴãſԻ֮ĶԹһ׳ɫһͷïܵͷҲǻɫ񱩷ǳĺĳӣڡ
ľԴָŵ˵
ɱ
Ѫŷһۣͬʱ𣬳ľԴˣһȻǸġ
Ҳûпֱɱһˡ
Ҫ˺ƤɣľԴɫе
Ц㶼Ҫɱˣڻ˵ЩδҲ̫˰ɡѪ˵һ£ѪѪѹ
ඦѹŷһЦඦҪѹ
հν
һȫͷȼգֱһ
ڳǰȴǲֻһУͱ
籩
ٷţ
죡
ɱˮһʩչȥ춯أӵϻ𾪾ʮء
ֱۣһѪҽһɳȥ
ལ⣡
˫иĲ౾Դһֱǿ˺ѵأͰѴ롣
ߡľԴ˴һʵȥ
סǡŷඦ
巽ѪѪҲʩչƣ巽ѪѪӹѪĻϯء
زƣ
׼ǵ
Ǳ
ͻȻǿߺȻ֣ŷѪ˵ʽҰЦλα´ɱأ
ֻһ˲ľԴ˾ӵӰˡ
ˣѪŷ˶ɫһҰ˵Ұʲô˼
ŷҪʯ˲ǵˣǶ˰ɡҰŹ˵
ѾˡѪ˵
ʯô򲻹ȻҪˡԭһ׳ףֳֳìЦ
ԭҲɱǵģȴǱƵұˡɨӺҰһۣ˵
ЦСҪΪʵǿ󣬾ͿΪΪӿ޵оŽʦȼǿߣҲǣɱǣֱΰɡԭųìҫĵ
ϻó֡ٿȻһ˷ӡ齣
ʱֻϻûҰˣǶ޵оŽʦʵǰŷӡ߳齣ǿƥһ֣Ұʧɫȵߡ
ߣһһץУʩչ
䣡䣡䣡
һߵ߿ǳϿգɱǵƣҰ֡
Ǻ峤ʵǿҪٶȳ֣֮Զ
ԣԱƸĳ·
׼ǵ
Ұһݣžֻ˸⣬׹⣬ͬһ㣬ѹķ
һһǵն򳽻ԡ
һ˲ԾһǳҰ
ǵһ
顱һն·һһ㣬һƬնǵҳɷ۴⡣
׵ѣ
Ӱ룡
׷
Ұɫ䣬û뵽׽ǿں֮䣬ʩչͨҪ˳ԣӶݳȥ
أأأ
Ӷǳ£ҰĹȵðˡ
ɶɱңҪۡҰо˳ԶԼıɱ֮ģһ߶ȫ͹ĵ籩ϯ˷ŭ⣡
һֻҰͷ뾹Ȼһֻɫ۾ɢֲ֮䣬Ϣˣ·һӾ˳١
ͫȻȷǵصͫл
֮⣡
Լһ㶣ԣȥǻײһ𣬾ͬײһ㣬Ȼǲ¡
ʲôҰɫ䣬û뵽ԵͫԼĻ֮ⶼԵֱֵ
û˿ԥܡ
Ԫ
Ҳһ£û뵽֮⾹Ȼʧˣ̷Ӧռ䣬ͬʱ߶ǳһ䡣
Ұʱһٶȴ󽵣ǳУѪ

ĿһȻųԣҺ䣡
ȻҾͳȫ㡣ԶʱЦû뵽ĺûᣬһ񣡡
͹ԭսķ׳ӡ⻪һҰ˽ȥ
ҵҰ̸оԼʧȥϵԱˡ
ʱ½Ϣš
ҪɱҡҰԼԼдɱ̰
ɣһն£ǿԵĺҰ룬Ѫ׷ɣһĩվ
˻ŷۼնɱһ޵оŽʦǿߣʱǵһԵʵĿ¡
ʲôԭ;ްԵȴǴʧɫǲţǿ纣ҰȻһ˽ʦϣֱǻĵǰһУȴֲòš
ߡԭһ㣬˦ϻãҪߡ
Ѫŷǻ֣ʱĵ
ɱѪŷԣ̷ӦߵĻϽѣһҪɱǡ
Ҫս»ǻڵġ
Ԫ
ռ䣬»޷ѡ
ʮѪ
ඦ򻯣
Ѫŷʩչƣ˲Ĩɱ»
Ȼӵ޵оŽʦʵ޵оŽʦǿߵĹҲֻ·һ


798 ıʯ
ɶ񣡡ް˻һֻз趯޴ǯӣ纮һС
籩
һӣסްԣһɨ籩ϯƺƵ˻ȥ
Ѫŷ˱ɱǰлްȻӵ޵֮ˣҲ·һ
סңȥɡԭһֻڹ꣬ͬһڲ֮رѣɳʯγһƬҿռ䡣

һ趯ֻǳԻȺ䣬ɽʧɫ߿ǳȫڹԭǼӲ޵еڹϣ졣
ԭǿ߷һˣ۷ıһҲ䲻ڹǡ
Сӣҵķ˫ƾ˽ʦΪҲ俪ֱ֪֮ԭЦ֫ڹУͬһѹ򳽻ԡ
񣬸ңԱȵ
ˣֻһӽӡУ϶ΪһϢǣӡѤһĹԣ֮ݺԭ
ҿӣԪԺݺһЦԭס
ڹԭǾĿУӡݺϣ䣬ʱ춯صı죬ض·ݣˣ
ԭʱҽһһѪ
֮࣡
һʥϵϢڳʶۣһԵľ֮ݺݹԭʶ
̲ҽһ˫ĿѣΣѪޱȵĽеҪɱң㲻Ҫɱҡ
ȴû飬ٴ
顪ӡͬʯһ㣬ݺ˹ԭϣһ죬ĽкһϢϾˡ
ͬʱ»ҲŷѪɱ
⣬֣ǣѪŷޱȣû뵽ȻĪ޵оŽʦǿ
ŷҲ𾪷ǳĿɿڴ
ǵļʶȻϻġ
󣬷ϻöռ䡣
һĻŷ˿𾪡
Ӱ
찡˵ֻԳɿռ䣬ѵӡɣξٿ˼ĺ
ȻѾˣϣܹܡ˵ɲһռ䱦
ʲô˶һ𳽻ռľޣҲȻ⻰
ַģֵȵģԲ˵ȥξٿֵܹЦ
ַġŷһҲͷ
ȻŵùŷȻ˵ȥŷ˵
͵һ顣ѪЦ
л֪ŷѪ˵ΪˣҲϻúͷ֡
֣һ弸ȫûǺãѪüʵ
˵ڵصˡԺЦ˵
áŷͷͬ⣬һΣ󲿷ֶϣԲ֪
Ҫص壬֪ôġѪ˵
صǵ岻ͬʽҲȻͬߵǲͬȻһȴޱȡŷҲ˵
ǻȴʯеõ챮Ȼ뿪Ӱǰ˵
ǰŷ
ʯ̫ˣҪõ챮̫ˡһ˵
ģǵô죿ξٿ
ҵа취ֻҪλɢʯ˵עҽڡ˵
У̫Σˡŷɫ
ʯɲ⣬վѪ˵
ӰŷҲǵͷ
ǷģѾȫ֮ߡЦο취λиõķ𣿡
ãͰ˵İ졣ŷ˵
ǺðɡѪ
²˳٣̳ʯ˾Ͳ֪ˡԵ
ԣҲɣʯµĽӡȥ
䣡
ʯӴޱȣٶȲҲǱԵ˷ټ
СһЩŷŷ˵
ߡѪͺһϢ˳ȥ
ţԺŷҲǰ
ৣৣ죬ֻŷѪ˳ʯ룬糤һ㣬Ѹңʯˡ
ʯ˴ǻӶһ˫۵ֵ
һ˲Ŵ󿪡
û˿ԥԳǰ֮һ㣬Բ౾Դ壬ǿ
𣡡ʯ˷УԾһֻСϣֻϾȻֱѰ·̴⣬Ҫճɻҽ
ʮﲻ٣óɫ䣬޶亹
֮յĶȥ
ȴСʯ˵һͬɱһ򳽻ԡ
ɿɳݺݵĳ˳ϣһѪ۵һһѪ
в౾ԴĻѾɳ֮ˡ
ʮѪ
ඦ컯
Ѫŷ˼˶ɫ䣬æʩչĵƣɱʯˡ
ʯȴͬ²ɵǧֱ컯Ǭ
֣˰ɡѪ˵ƲѪӶѪ趯Ѫ򣬻ƳգͬѪ˿ʯҲΪ
䣡ŷɫ⣬ͬͭඦʯˣת̾˵ʯ˷˫ǹơ
һ£ҷˣ̷ɢעɫʯʵ̫ǿˣѾ뵽¾Ѫֱӳ֣۾һٿȻ֣ʯ˵ͫͿɳ֮ʱƵģҪһʱܹۡ


799 汾Դ
Ȼֻһ£ʮ֮һĺʱ䣬ڳ˵Ѿ㹻
ã
ѪŷһۣͷٴʩչɱУɢʯ˵ע
ͬʱʯ˫ٴδ⡣
ಣԾޱȵĶȥһ֮⣬ûС
֡ˣѪŷ˶ɫ䡣
û£ǿˡȻʯۿд˳Ե
δ䣬ֻʯſһɿɳ֮ͬˮйһ㣬¡¡֮ͣ
أأ
ûеֵ֮Ѫŷ˶˳ȥѪ
ۿ֮Уפڣȼջ棬౾ԴΪ֧ţͬԴȪ಻ϡ
Сӣûᣬ̫֮ϻ˵
¾Ѫְһ̫֮ȡʱ򣬳¾ѪˣʯۿУѪŷǷֲϢ
ǡ¾Ѫӷռ߳ͬħ٣޵еϢɨͬʯۿһ籩ʹУץۿ
¾ѪѾװħۣʦܣֻһǿȸ߽ʦܴڣʯҲĽʦܵʵ֡
ꡱһ¾Ѫ˳ʯ˵Ĳҽ͵ϡ
û˿ԥϻúͷİԿʼ̫֮
ʮӴ󣬶ϻúͷĪĺô
͡·ʱյֻ̫֮ڣͬڻһ㣬һһεıգ̳ڵ绡һĻ⻡žͣ
һɺ嫣Ļɢʯ˵
أӴ˴֮ϣʧȥ̫֮޸֮ƼûԴȪֻ
ȴûô̫֮࣬
汾ԴĹؼ
񣬳ӵԴԴԴͲ౾Դ汾ԴǾĴԴס
ϻúͷ˶̲ס̾Ҫʶһ³ӵĴԴһ⾰
磬ѾǳˣָšʦܼĴڣȴ桢硢רнԴĴԴ
ȱ£ֱبźǷϹ֮ʱҲһߡ
δĽɾͲ
ҲʮڴԵĸо̫̺֮Ŀ
ܹһ汾Դﵽг֮ʵһأ治ܲ
̫֮ա
ѪŷڲԶɻǰʵô£
ʯѾˣ񲻼ˡѪü˵
ѵǱõģŷʵ
ҪȥѪ˵
ŷæֹ˵ʯ˹ĺܣȵһȣǷˡ
áѪͷҲֻˣϣܹƽ
ʱŷСǰ
ŷĻ󣬶Ǿ֣ȻĳԣȴҲûǰ
תۣʮȥ
ֻ᲻ˣŷüʵ
ᣬܹоֵϢڡŷҡͷ˵
ģ־һҲҪȥʬҳξٿȴ̲סˣƢͻ𱬣ȥ
СġѪŷ
ξٿߵʯǰûκ飬۾ٿȻһ챮
̫СˡŷЦ
Ȱѻ챮ȡѪ˵
ȣξٿһҪȡ»챮ȴþ˻챮ֺʱô£һʯȻôأ
ŷǰһһץ䵽챮ϣȻ챮ͷ·Ǳסһ㣬ȡŷʱҡͷЦаţҲȡ
Ѫŷ˷׷ǰȡ»챮
ô죿ξٿ
ȿǷ档ŷæ˵
áξٿ챮ǳԣһţǰ
ͻȻһɺϯƺƵϢ
Сģ
ŷһæסˡ
ৡһֻԵӰǰһɺ粨ɲչֳ
ǿĻŷӳһۣʱɫһ
ӭǹɻϢϢĸо·ռŤΡ
ѵ˻汾ԴɴĿ
Ϣĵ
˻˻һ˶һģ˼Ŀųԡ
ˣ²˳٣ȳȥɡЦ
ǻ챮ξٿδ˵꣬ϾǴ֮ɫ۾ɵĴġ
ֻԺľ˻챮
⣬⡭ŷѪ˶Ǿ죬һʱ˵
ʯ˵ܹƿ塣ԵȻһЦһӣǽʯս˷ռڡ
ʯȻѾȴǿ죬Ʒױ׶£ٽԻ治ԵеĻж
Ȼ챮ɳƹܰɡѪع˵
ֻҪ챮Уһξʤˡŷͷ˵ȻҲԵõ챮֪ƾԼʵǳԵĶ֣οҲϹˣխ
Ϊ壬һ峤Ȼϣڶ
ߡ
ŷһҲû뿪
ΪһʱѾˡ
ɱǣ
ڴʱֻľԴͻ˴켸ʮ޵оŽʦĵصǿߣͬһɱ򳽻Եˡ


800 ˴
áѪŷ˶ʱɫ䡣
ܺãȴһЦٿȻųʯˣԼĴվ¡¡һɿ񱩵ɢȥʯڳԵĲٿ£Ȼ·Ǹˡ
ãһΣֵľԴͻɫ䣬ͣ˽ŲȻ˲ܲˣ֮ززˡ
ֻԴӡʯУף۵һͽһ޵оŽʦεǿߴࡣ
ص˵ֶΣǴʧɫʱҲŷľԴͻ˾Ȼˡ
Ӱ
ʲôΪʲôľԴͻûǰǡ
ɶѾˡ
һɱԼͬʵͬ飬ʣ¾Ŵ޵оŽʦĵصǿ߾
̫ˡξٿʧ
̫ʯ޵ˣٵͽʦܸĶ֡ŷ循
Ѿˣʯˣӿ£ò˻ˡһЦ
дԵˡȻ˵
֡Ѫŷ˼ֻһ㶣Ȼ֡
صԼԿƵʯƵȴڣǿԶԸ˵ġ
ܺáҲû뵽ʯԼȻӳȻûĽʦܵܣʯ˵нʦ֮µһˡ
һ̣ʮ㡣
ǲμ½ǱҲǿߡ
ڣȥ֮󣬾Ҫ뷨뿪ɱԼ䵽˵ƥ
ǰЩصȴҪ
ֻһ룬Ծʹٶʯ˷ɱУȻ޷סʩչȴ޵Уڷ棬ֱ
ʯˣǳԵĵڶơ
һƣȻ¾Ѫħۡ
ʯ˱¾Ѫħ۸ƣϾ¾Ѫǰħ壬ֵĻܵ׷ɱʯ˵ĳԣΣѣȴǿʱʹá
أ
ӡҳʱҽѪɽ
Ѫŷ˳֣Ƭ֮䣬Ŵ޵оŽʦĴڣͱɱһɶ
˻ˣŷٴεһĿɿڴĿųԡ
һĻʵ̫ǿˡ
ˣҲˣҵصҪô˽ҲҪĴŷĿ˳һ˵
ţҲôѪͷ˵ңѾʶ˳ֵҪֻ֣нʦܽˣȻʵ֣ĻѾʦͽˡ
ǺãǾ͵ȴ߿ռٴοɡ˵
˶û֮أȴ߿ռٴο
չȥ
¡¡
Ȼ߿ռһ޴Ŀն
ৣৣৣ
һ˲ֻµ̳ȥһ˾ȻϹǡ
Ϲǣŷ循
ˣ߰ɡŷ˳һ˵
ξٿĬ֪ϹǺͳԵĶԹֻû뵽ϹǾȻû
ˮڣҪԸңҲͲٿˡԵĵ
֣֪ͷҺԼҵĶԹȥ֮ҪСģ涼ʦĴڣʯǲú£ϹټұϾҶ˴֮һǿߣǿǴﵽ˽׵ĸ߽ʦܴڣʯˣĿǰǲҪϹǳ˺ŷ˵
ǰŷһ˶ͷҺԼҶ£ϹټҾͲһˣǿڶĴ壬ʵǿǿƣͬСɡ
ף߰ɡԵͷ˵ȴǳһû뵽Ϲټ徹ȴڣ˽ʦ棬ǿߵĴڣԼС˶޹ֺ˳ʱ䡣
ৣ
󣬳԰˻һ޴ĺ⣬ն
׳Ĵϡ
ˣ
߿ռһ򿪣˴峤Ͱ˴峤̾˫ֻۣǿȳ֡
ȡ˻챮ʳ峤ʳЦ
ߣƾСҲ嶷ֱǲ峤˵
ŷµȰ˴䣬ʱɫһ
Ȼʳ벻ǣ궼һʧģɱ֮һӿնгʳ˾ͺǼһ峤ʳǶŷѪǸгԵСӸɱˡ
ʲô
˻һʳȰ˴ܶʱɫ䡣
˵ʲôֻʳһѽʳץУݺݵ˵˵һ顣
ˣˣʳ͹ԭҰǶɱˡ
峤ҪΪ籨𰡣
Ҫɱǡ
ӳǾʧ˵Ƕˣ
ˣʳܲţɲĺȵ˵ѣʳ졢Ұ»һӵ޵оŽʦʵôᱻͬǿɱ
Ŀ¶ɱꡣ
ġʱ
˻
ŷ˶ǵһǶԸģǿǰ˴ĵϵ߰ܣĻ֪
סֻϹǳ˿նǱϹ۵ߣ׾ǳҪɱңҪɱ
Ϲǣ⵽ô£
ǰ˵ҰǶŷѪɱˣǲģ
˵ǲģ
Ϲ˵ŷѾѰʣʮֵġ
ˣǶϹǵͷһ˿ɫ̧ͷ¶һʹ飬˵ǲŷѪɱģǱɱģõһʯˣ͵ӵʦܵʵҰǶϡ


801 
ʲô
⻰ŷµ˶ʱĿɿڴš
ͬʱҲֻҪ˲ŷѪɱľͳɣڳԣѾŷµˡ
УֻһΪСɫѣʱ
챮ϡϹٴκݺݵ˵
ģŷʵ¶â
̫ˣһʤˡ
һ
ҰȡʤĻĲ밡
ξٹصԶʱϲ
ҶΪһҪΪ㱨ɱСʳᣬҧгݵ˵
ɱΪҶ𣡡˻
ɱҲǷŭҪɱԡ
ڴʱ԰Ǵӿն˳һ࣬һ٣ߵ
ɱҶĳ
ʳͺ˶ʱɢֲɱ˴ʦס˳԰ˡ
ŷµɫ䣬ɢжȥǿϢ
ŷ¼˵
ξٹҲǼ
֣ŷɫһ䣬ð亹û뵽˴峤ôѾ֪ˡ
ǳԣʳĿ˳ϣɭȻ˵
ҡԵĵ
ɱҶ죿ʳ񻺻߳ΰ׳ƥУһ˿
ҪɱңѵҾͲɱɣĵ
ҶҰأ
ʨѪҲɱģ
졢ԭأ
ʨС˶һɱʵ
ǶҪɱңȻȥˡ˿˵
ɱ
ϷҪʬΣΪҶҰ𡣡
ҪѪ⣬ĹͷһһĲι
˲䣬ʨкͺߴɢֲɱɱۣγһƬѪơ
ۡ˴ܵѹȣŷ˸޷ֵһѪ
ʳҶҲһɱ˲ɣ
ŷءξٹħɫ䣬ǰơ
ףʵŷæ˵
ǲҪ˵ˣʨѪʳ͹ԭǶɱġһ̤֮䣬һ޵УԻηĿʳ˵
֡Ѫ
סڡһ˲䣬ŷ˳֣ŷѪ˹ȥ
˵Ҫڣ鲻ǿԳеġ
һͻսʱ֮ӡŷһȻ˵
ŷ峤챮ҵϡһƬƽ˵
Сӣѻ챮Ϲ˵
ԣԣѻ챮ǡŷæ˵챮ʤƾ裬ԲڳԵϡ
ôΪ¹ͣǾһҪɱҲɣԼЩȻʱЦΪĺƽǸԸҽ壬ΪƽȻҪҽ챮Ǻε
ԣ壬ȡû챮ȻҪˡϹɱһ˵콻
챮ľӡֹ˷׷ȵ
ǸҹҪΪҶɱʳһӣĵ
ʳ峤챮ãһʤˣԼֹʳҪɱԣ챮æվ˵
Լɱǰ˴峤δľܣʧֲʨе۾ݺݵ˵СҲҪǴá
Ҷɱ븶ۡ
⳥⳥ս
⳥Ϳս
һ˲䣬˴峤׷׽һԶŷµˡ
̫ŷһһɺƴϢɢ˵ǿ԰ѳԽǣһʤôԼǱ뻮һǧĵǡ
һǧ죿ֱڰΣɱҰ˴峤ҿⶼָʹġĶݺݵ˵ǻҪһǧ죬ΣǱ⳥
ǻξٹŭ
ˣ԰ҡͷѾĻҪսֻûлѣҰ˱ԼɱһǧѷĻᣬ
ǰɱҶҪҽҪ˵սʨ
սҿǹ̫ˣѾĲбˡŭ
뿪ս
ڰ˴У塢ʨ;зһֱսɣһìܣﵽսĿء
ȻӱɱˣôǲҪɱԱ𣬻ҪλῪս
ʨ峤Ϣŭŷ˳һۣü˵ɱҰˣ벻ģ˼ȻɱģԸ㣬ʤһǧҲҪˣ㿴Σ
һ⻰غξٹ˶ǳĬ
һ̣˴ˡ
ףԶо֮
ǳԾǣǶѾҰɱˡ
ǰǲܰѳֽȥ
ŷ塢һͶӰξֵܵɫ䣬˵
ףҲǳԾȵģѾʨѪˡѪԸź˵
ʲôд£źʵ
ʵѪɫ
źص˳ʣ򳽻ԡ
λʱϹһԴǵ˵ȻԾǣǲҪǣɱ˰˴峤ΪսҪԴΪذ⻰˵ĴȻ£һ˵ģ


802 ƶ
ԣź˶ɫһٿڡ
סŷ˶ʱ󼱣ǵĺѣǾǵĿųʳϣǲԸ⿴ġ
סڡźһȣʱǽŷˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣȻЦɱҰδ̳ߣ򵥵ˣǳ룿
ôξٹ
ߣǰǰ˴ĵϵɱˣǻô˵
㡭ξٹʱһ
ٷϻһԣУǱΪ˸ۣͿսξٹĻȻ˵ǧ죬һƷʯʮϹһ١
ǾЩһ١
㶫̫ˣΪƽϣЩɡ
̽ս
ĵ̽
ʳ񵭵Ŀ˺һۣ׵ͷ˵ŷ峤ЩǴӦҲĴӦӦҲĴӦԼ
Ρξٹеôȥ
УǾӦü˵
ǺãǾͿսɣĪΪ岻ɣξٹ˫Ŀŭɣսɣ
ŷ峤Ҳ˼𣿡ʳҲξٹһۣǿŷ˴ŷʵǿҪսʳҲҴ⡣
ʳ峤ʵ̫ˣǸòŷҡͷ˵
ô˵Ҫսˣʳɫһʵ
ŷҡͷ˵Ը⳥һǧƷʯʮϹǵĵߡ
ǾͿսɡʳĵ
ʳ峤ŷԶʱɫ䣬˵˼ҪΪһС¾ƻǧĺƽ
ˣξٹҲɫһ䡣
սɲҪġ
Сӣˣ忪սȴû뵽ġϹһԵޱȣͷЦ
һС£ǾͰԼĶӽɱɡʳĿ˸Ц˵
⡭ŷʱƿԣ˵
ߣ˵ˣŷ峤ʽսֻнһ׼ʱ䡣ʳһޱĵ
ߡŷȵ
ô˵ǲ־ˣԿŷҡͷ˵ȻˣҾûʲôùǵˡ
ԣͷ˻˵⻰ҿ̫֪ˡϹֳֳԹЦ
ϹǣӦڻ߿ռɱ㡣˵һΣҾͷŹ㣬һΣ㣬ϹټңҪҳγ˵꣬ĿϹһۣ˵ƥ򣬼ס忪սġ
ʲôҶô˵ҿϹ۲Ȼŭ
Сӣ㻹ţɡ˵
ôнʦܣһƽȻֻһ̧챮Уˡһһԣ৵һ£Ȼƾʧ˺ϡ
ʲô
ɫһ䣬˫絶һѳȥطѣֿը಻ȴǲӰ
ɶСӣҳ
һΣҳԳ֣Ҳ㺣ĩաȻ𳽻ԵѾټ
Ȼܹ߿ռ䣿ʳɫѿ˵
ʲô߿ռˣôܣʧ
ôܣ߿ռ䲻ʮ꿪һѾرգǺҲ޷򿪣ôԽȥ˵
ҲΪǻ߿ռԭ򡣡ʳ˵ˣѾ忪սȥ׼ɣһԣΪǡ
ԣһҪ塣
ɱ˴ˣԴ
ⶫӦˡʨСԭ
һսڶغͷչ

챮Ȼ⴩߿ռ䡣߿ռڣоâ˸
ӣ߿ռڿǬƬصشϹſռ˵
ҸоӦЩ˼Ĵڡϻһ˫â˸˵
ҪɱңϹټҡҡԼҲҪɱңڵʵܹӲƴѾһʱˣǱڼݻҪһαҵ뷨뿪ԭ߶ϸ˼
ǱԳڲμӣͿԼŷѩ
˽⣬ԪϢ
ԪݵĶܹڵĴڣ³ͻʦҪҲһ׵顣
úıڱ뿪
ϱĺ½м䶼һƬ봩ض²סһڵ峤Ȼ˽ĺ½Ĺ򵥵˵½룬ܶǺ
һԳ֣¾ͻ׷ɱܹȫ˵
˵нʦܽҲû߳
ʱС
ô죿ѲǴƿռѷ죬ȥܷضݲɣü˵
ȿ߿ռɡϻ۰룬˵ҿ߿ռӦǴһƬ޿ռ֮Уͺñһ꣬ôͿ½ݡ
ߡûбİ취ֻ̽һ߿ռ䡣
һΣʯ߹·ǰ
һ·죬ȪССϪԭҰʣ̲ͬʴ
ҲвϹޣȻΪɱ¾Եʣ޲һֻ


803 
ȻҲϣȻӵʯˡ
ǿ൱ʦܵĴڣͽ׵ޣҲʦڡ
ϲɣϢԽǿʢ
һڵɽ˳ǰ߲ɽ·һ㣬ϽӲ񷣬ء
һſɽ롣
ɲ⣡
˷ɵɽŻǰ
˶оκϢ
¾ѪȴǺȻ˵ӣһǿĴڣڳ˯
ʲôɫһ䣬ʵжǿ
Ҳ۷ʦĴڡ¾Ѫ˵
·Ǻ³Եǣ¾Ѫ˵ӷģħͱͬǿ󣬾߽ʦ¶һƴ
ߡԵͷ߽Ż
ϻúͷڳңܡ
¡¡
ϵǣǰȻһƺƵĽޱ޼ʣһƬڣҲ֪⽭η
ҸоϢϻʮ̶ֵԳ˵
Ҳоˡ˵
Ȼǵʵûлָ۷֮ʱȴǾŽ۷ʦڣȻԸоһЩԷ˵⡣
ʶЧͷʶ̽ܶʶˡ
ӣҲòʶ¾Ѫܻĵ
ǿǲ⺣ףɫЩѿЩϹܾϿԶʶ̽Ӳ򣬶ȴһɵķΧ̽ⲻˣֻ۾һ⡣
ҸоϢ¾ѪСĵӣ˻ȥɣȻΣգ²ţҵʵҲȥ
˻ȥһǽޣһǰ;η壬裬վ˲ˣһʲôޣ
󣬳Ŀ˸Ȼϻúͷ񶼸оϢǾ˵Ƭ磬˵ҵĻᡣ
ϻãǽռ䡣ֱ˵
ϻöû⣬ռ䡣
һ׵Ĵ󺣣˴ͬƯһ㣬˳ˮ
һʱȥϢԽԽǿʢóԾϲѡ
ࣿ۾һôʱ䣬ԼǷˡ
ϻúͷжϲƬ硣
ֻǲ֪
ǶĻǼֱͲζǴ½Ǿϲˡ

Ȼ·һѣһƥڳϣȥ
ô£
֮󣬸޷ֵóһԿܵ㺣һĪľС
¾Ѫָоó亹£ݶڴһ¾ѪһƬѪӰԷӡϯˡһһɺƴϵħӿǹ֮ʱҵĦ
ħն
¾ѪΰϢʵһͷѪ裬Ҷһŭն£ʱѣһȵӣߣ
ԣûκεԥԽס¾ѪϷȥ
ɶʲôԾ
̫ǿˣѾԽ˳ʦ֮޷ֵ
á¾ѪȻɫ䡣
׵ģһ֮ͬںһɫ֮â
ֻһɫӺ֪ͷ򳽻Ժ¾Ѫ
Ѫħȭ¾Ѫһͬͣһ㣬֮¡һ̱Ѫ۳һȭͷѪӡͬҰһϣâ䡣
¡¡Ȼ·𶯣ƶҪлɽ緢һ㡣
ǣԺ¾Ѫͬʱ¶֮ɫ˼Ŀ򺣵·
һɫʯˣΩΩФߡ볣һ޶
ϣһɫϣס
Ҫ󳽻ԵǴǻɫһġ
һʯˣ
Ժ¾Ѫ㵲ѣƣЩԼɥĴڣȻһʯˣ
ʯ˵ϣԸоκϢĵȴһϢ֮УǸ߽ʦܸܶĸо
ʦܣ
ͷԸоͷƤ飬ߣ
¡¾Ѫһ˫ħԨƵͫҲ¶֮ɫɢƥħͳԶˣϷȥ
ˣûм˳ˣգڵȵˡʯûп˵ȴڳԺ¾Ѫ𣬻֮ȥϣȴСӣʲŰ˽ʦʹﵽĽ׵ز־ҲĽף츳ǷϹţҲǾ֮үϷ򲻱ˣˡ
ӿߡ¾Ѫһ˫ۻʹѹǧʯˡ
ɫһԲ齣ҫиˡ
ףû뵽һħˣʯ΢΢죬һ˵ǰħۣʦĴڣڵʵҼɵһ㲻һССħۣҲǰ䣬ֱǲ֪
һһ๾࣬ˮͬˮһ·˺ѳ롣
ɲǣݺݻ¾Ѫȭϡ
¾Ѫһݺݳ˳ȥ
ġžһ¾Ѫͱ˳ȥ
ལ⣡
Դ߶ƣĶԪ齣תԴնһǺֺ
ףʲôʯ˷ɻ˼
ߣԸͣһ̣¾Ѫ̷һŵҩͳȥ
СһƤӵ£ܵ𣿡ʯЦһЦ·УԾһֻһ㣬Ӳġ
Ȼһ죬Ǽתһѣǳһɳԣʱһ˺ѷεڳͷݳ


804 ħ
񽣣
ͷƤ飬ͫһ裬ռӿ֣֮еĳ뽣⣬նѣءһը
аħնͬʱ¾Ѫħħ٣˫һץһУһն£翪ٵأһ㣬һӵ
ȻâǲУȴ̻ΪУϢ
СһҪͽˣܹΪҵӦøеҲǡʯ˹Ц
δ䣬ǾȻһˢˢųԾ
ƥɲ⣬Եֵס۵һһѪ
ʯ̫ǿˣʵ޷Ħ
ԸΪλһʯˡ
۷֮ʱʦܴڡ
žž
䵽Ժ¾ѪϣʱƤѪȾ캣硣
һҧóʯˣУԻ治ݣ齣ǣ϶նʯˡ
ɶϷƵĿܣȻɱˣСһʯ˼ʯˣŭ˻
飡һʯɽѵֻԱ˳ȥѪ
ŭħն¾Ѫ쳤Хǣ֮ޣͬһһ㣬Եɽӣ˫ֿأ£Զ۾ͬһնʯˡ
֮ҲǰŹâʯ˵ĵ
أֻâһ¾Ѫͱ˳ȥǰһѪۣͷ¶ˣҽУޱȵǣðħۣнʦܵĴڣȻ䵽ء
һֻ̣һ𣬴򳽻Ծ£Ҫס
Сӣħ
ڴʱϻôħϹħ壬ѹħ֮ãѹϻ쵰ʵʹòˣ¾Ѫ
ã۾һħԴӵõûʹùû뵽Ƕʱˡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪҶħø¾Ѫ¾Ѫѹ
¡¡ֻԴһӣһɫʯ֣飬Сħ֣ɢϲɣζ
ħ
¾Ѫӹħɫ죬˳ԵĻȴû˿ɣ̴ħ顱һ̱ķ˳ȥ
ɶħôϣʯȻҲʶħŭ
ѹ¾Ѫȴһֲ˵ʩչħݺݳʯѹȥƬ˷ȥһص
ʯ˶ʱҽħ˵صС
ûκεĳɣ˳ˮȥ
ͬʱħݺѹʯˣ˺
Ȼģ޷ֻǿԣڱħѹû˳
ħϹ֮רѹħ塣
ʶȡħ
һıǷӡ֮ϣʦʵʹõĻֱǾ춯أħ֡
أ
һɼǿķʯϳȥⲨһ¾Ѫϣʱ˳һѪ
ħȴӲʯ֮ϣʯ
ߣԺȡԼ˾ٲʣҲֻʱħˣ¾Ѫսռ䣬˳ˮ¡
ɶСӣǲŹġʯ˷ʵŭ
ãǼڶɢȥ
ʱѾƯ£һһҹȥǷ˺ԶǸɽ֡
½Ըо½Ϣһ֪Լ뿪˶
ʧħȴޱȡ
ϻã֪ʯ˵ʲôԷŭʵ
ӦǱͨǿ߷ӡʯˣȻֻǷӡԽԽʹϻ˵
ϻ˵Ķԣʯ˾ʦܣҼпǸ߽ʦ˵
ʲôʦܣôûԾʵ
ʦܵƳֱӡŻǻ궼ϡ档ϻ˵
ǿʯƿӡȡħɾд鷳ˡ˵ħϹ֮Ƿӡв磬ħмǿĿãʯ˵õĻǼֱ绢
ɫʱ
ˣʵ㣬ǿʵɡϻ˵Ѿͷ˲֪ۺտ¾ͳˡ
ΨһһõϢ̾
˵䣬ܣ˵ȽУǲǶݡ
˵գԳǰȥ
һԾǧ
ǰһ֣֦Ҷïܣľ죬ûٽܹһк޺
ĿƬǧɽг֣һϲ
ûκͣʩչٴԽɽ
Ȼǰɽд
һĿٿȻһĿдӣ
ৡһ£ͬһ㣬䵽˴򶷱ء
ʲôˣһµʱȵ
˺ȻӡӣҲ˹ʱʧԣ
֣⼸˶ʱϲǿϡʮص㡢ʩֵܵˡ
ֵܵϵ˺ۣɱ⣬޸Ŀ䵽ϣɭ˵Ƕ
ߡ˶ʱ亹ֱɣҪܡ
ڳǰܵĻᣬһȣ˵䣬һʱӿ򣬾ͬһϣһأ˵˵ϡ


805 ż
ԣҪӶʱ˵
ͬڵӣ㲻ɱҡӴӳпɱ
ߣСˣΪǿҪɱǵʱô˵ͬڵӣƢŭ
ųղ˾Ҫɱǡش
ڳϣ˼ҾȻŴҴ˵
˶ʱ˻
ۣȻԶѾ˱ɱ֮ģŹǣ罣絶һɨɨ£ҽûüͳһʬ塣
˵ĴҲûзŹˡ

ϵ˿˵ʬ壬ʱĿɿڴǰһ̻ɱԼˣȻôͱնɱˡ
ȻǶȫûкøУϾڵӣĿǰȴһʱ˵
Ψɱĺá
ԣ͸ˣųʱϵĻǿ¾ˡΪݳԵģ
⻰ϵҲ
Ǹ˶洫ӣλߣھˣǿ²Žصü˵
˭֪˻ʮ˵
ֻҪǲ˵û֪ϵͷ˵
ʩ˳һۣһ˫۾ҲǼ˵ԣô
ǰ֣˵㱻׷ɱ𣿡ʵ
ҿ˵ѣͷʦܣҪɱֵĻǳЦȻɫһ䣬˵ߣҪɱ֣Ҳɱˡ
Ϣ˶ܵĳԣڼѰʡ
뿪˵
ţһ˵ʬͻΪҽ
һ·ϣ˱߱˵
ϵ˵Ľܴһʱ䣬ʮص˶ͻƵ˸߽׵ʦ
졢ʩ˲һͻƸ߽׵ʦ
صΪһ㣬Ҳﵽ׵ʦ̶ȡ
ܵ˵һʱ䣬˶ڽ
ͬʱҲ֪Ǳݡ
ǣ
شݱأһǣˣһ¥¥վ¥ϣԿһ¥
Խǵз羰ս۵ס
½ߣʮֺأʦʦ洦ɼʦܣԶ¥дڡ
һ㣬Կȷʵȶݸ߳һΡ
ΧһԲ£˾Ʋˣ˶кôˣơ
ˣǱԻжãʵ
¡ϵ
ųʲôΪһʵ
ĽʦӺӶ˶ʦȴ֮ɱˣ˵ͱݷͶһսڹȥһʱ䣬Ǹ߽ʦص˵
ҿһǸ߽ʦЦǶȻûмͷȴ֪һǱһһˣܹһսȫˣȻӵоŽʦʵ
⻰Ȼ˵ľ죬ϵȴԣһǰԻֻʦܹܰ˽ʦڵʵȻѾ˲ɴȵľء
ǰЩӽͻƵ˽סЦ

δ䣬ϵ˶һ𾪡
˽ʦǳʦ֮µһˡ𵹳һ˵
ǰųôǿͽʦҲĶ֡𾪵˵
ʩ˳һۣȴʲôû˵
ϲԣȴʮӳԴӲܾ֪Լͳ֮Ĳ࣬ԼҲԶֻĬĬĿ
ʩҲˡ
Žʦʦ֮ھ޴࣬ҾŽʦ;Ž׵ʦһսȼ֣֮ǰ˽ʦǿߣҿսǼ޾Žʦˮ׼˵
ǲų켱ʵ
ɡԵ
ԣһȡ
Žʦͻʦо޴蹵ͬǵһ㣬ܹͻߣһصһ𾪵˵԰˽ʦﵽ޾Žʦľ磬ͻʦûκ顣
ʦܣ
⻰ϵ˶һĬ
Ƕ֪ļѣܹɾ͸߽ʦ磬ǾѾ㣬ʦܣҶ롣
ʦܣԺɾǶݴˡ˵
гڣڵһϼ˵
ڴ󲿷洫ӶʢǰصЦ
ԣųҪǸ𰡡ʩ۾˵
ǶɳԱδزܳɾʦܡԺЦ˵һݣԪҪȻҪϵӵǿʵԳҲҪǳΪʦܡ
ģض˶۾һĿȵĿųԡ
ֿųҪġص˵
ϵʦ˵һм˵ˣȻҲӵмˣԼĳɾҲڴˣȻӵпԪ壬ܷͻʦȴûġ
ǿɶˣɲҪƭѽʩЦ
šԵͷѾڼϵ˵Ϊ
ص˼Ҳʮָˡ
أޣĪΪ㲻ɣ
ͻȻһ죬һߵ
ҶһˣɨƽǶһнޡһЦֻһͦΣһǵ¥˳ȥͣ¡Ƕ˭
ţֻŷ˷ɳ¥ڰС


806 ޵İ
ޣ̫ˡŷŭ
СҶˣҾһսһ߳
Ŀư˫֣һͷڷ裬ҫЦܺãҶһ˾ʹνǶ󽣿ͣǶݽ֪еҶǰεĲһ
Ҫʿ֮ȴ˵һָһͼһ׹ⱦ͸ռ䣬ݺݵĴ򶫷ޡ
Сġŷ˼˵
ߣʶһʲôĽһȫĿĿһе˼㣬˵֮䣬жһѵɫıಡһ˳ȥ

޺ŷս¥һƬ籩
һ߻¥ԡ
湻󵨵ģսޣҿ䶨ˡ
ϰǲã˲ŵ㣬ǽ͵֮ʿҲǼ٣ý˵ûһܹȺˣԲųνĶͣұݺݡݣԼݣн۷ߡ
˵ĲǱδǰϡȻ˲ŵˡ
ζޣöݵ߿ʲôǿߡ
¥شݣսȻҲǱΪ
ǧƵȭǹԹű㱻Ϊ࣬ԵΪ
ڳУȻǲߡ
ܹսһ۷֮һȻǼޱȡ
ԣŷˡʩü΢˵֪ŷѾͻƾŽʦʵǿ²Ƕ޵Ķ֡
ҲôΪŰ裬ʵȴǹϵģһһˣɲ˵ص˵ͶһսѾǸˣһߣǽߡ
˵꣬˳һۣ֪ʦʱѾܹˣͻư˽ʦôԵʵȻǿ
˵ã֮ˡ
ǧɳɼⶫܹݽͬСɡص˵
ųҲô𣿡ʵ
粢δʵȴѾΣڼ޺޵оŽʦ֮䡣˵
ô˵Ӯˣ켤˵
ΣѾҶһŽǰʮˡ˵ǶӦøǿ޵оŽʦ
˻˶һ
޵оŽʦǿߣ죬˵ǿԺʦܱȼ硣
ٿԺЩĶʦһսԵͷ˵ⶫʵĺܿ졣
ĳ߽ʦܵĽСü˵
ԭˡ΢΢ͷ߽ʦܣ½Ǿվ۷Ĵڣֻ߽ʦܣҲһܹõֵȼĴУȻǷͬСɡ
޵оŽʦǺǣҶһ²ʮ֮ʮЦ
ԣ˶һĬ
ϰԳ˥״̬һһˡ
һеĸԴڶǱԡ
ԣǺʮһǱԣϣܹڳսΪǶݵһλᣬһǱԶҲ޷ǰ䵽ľء
򵥵˵ڵĶݣջƻҪдᶨȥŬı״
ˡվ¥ˣ˫֣棬˸žâ
ô죿ϵ˶һĿȥ
ֻȻѾ¶ƣֻм֮ûз֮ˡ
һҹƽ
ǹһ˿ŪƵЦ¶ѩݷһĨ⣬𣬶ǧ磬춯أͬһϵľ񽣣һɢķâ
һ죬һȦҶƮɫɢʱط·ɫ䣬ͬˡ
֮⾳

еıͬƵɨƽ¡¡֮ڶ
ءһɨ˳ȥƺһһѪ

˶ʱȻû뵽ö󽣿֮һȻܵô죿
ӣ󽣿Ͷܵô죬һԺɨһнޡ
ݣôܹұȣ
һȺΪǵļһѣνĶ󽣿ͣҲֻǹ̲Էˡ
߶ǲм¶һɫ
ˣѵ˵Ҷݽӡ
Ҷһ󽣿֮һû뵽֮ܵ졣
Ҫ˵ǿԶԸޡ
ڳĶߣǽߣ˼㣬ߡ
֡
ŷ˶Ǵһû뵽޵ʵ֮졣
֪Ҷ޵˰ɣôɡ޸߰ĿͬԼĳһ˵
룡һۣɨߣŶԼεʱһ֪Լܾ䣬Ϊ죬ԼǶݡ
ն
һȫͬһڳȥбƿա
һƴֻһɫӲаεķצĳ򶫷ޡ
ѵΪƾһоͿԴҾ͸㣬һжĻ룬ҶҪ˺顣ǹһ˿ЦĿһУ¶֮
˵գ񽣣һ㵭ɫɫʣͬһ


807 Գ
ˮޣ
һ£бãʽһ
һᣬ࣬ͬˮԶϾ
ɢɨ˷ϯ˵ľ־˵սֵ׷
ۡ
ֻɫֽͬɵһ㣬һ˺ѣ͡һѪ䣬Ѫ˳ҽһ߷һȥ
˻һû뵽һܵ˸ɴ࣬޵ʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
֡ŷͬʱӶס
Բ𡣡˺ۣǰһѪⶼѾ¶ˣ˵һѪ
֪Ѿˡ˿˵
Ϣŷ
ˣν󽣿֮һˣھͿˣŷˡ
ʲôͣҿˣһ˲ԺɨһĽޣǿҲԺɨ
ҲΪ̫ˣһǱԣȻһͿأʱνĶѾˡ
߶ʱ׷׳ԣ߷Уǿڳм
վڰУƮƮڣˮɢĹЦ꽣Ͳ
ɶ񣡼ֱ̫
̫ôûʵһж
ǰ̫ǿˣĶ֣Ƕ˿ԡ
˶߶ޱȣսȭͷĿ⿴ŷˡ
ܵô죿Ͼ
󽣿֮һ޾Žʦǿߣ˼򵥵ľʹδҲ̫ǿ˰ɣŴ˵
Ƕ˸һεĶ֡ص˵
ŷأʩ˵
ŷʵ࣬Ƕ޵Ķ֣ʵһŴﵽ޵оŽʦأҲĶ֣Ϲ޴и߽ʦܣǿơԳ˵
ô죿ʩǶˣǶ߿ڱǰ̧ͷˡ
ųְɡ˵
ԣ˶۾һ˵ǰһԴ
ԣ֣ű˵һޣҲĶ֡ȭ˵
ˡ۾΢Уĵ
붫һսһġ
ЩɱȻҪڱǰ涪
޼Ȼи߽ʦܣôһǿԳԲδ֣ܷƳֶΣϾУʵǿ
ޣս㡣һ߳Խɿռ䣬˶޵ǰ

ʱ߱ǿҵĺ

ⶫ޼ʶһЩǶݽ

һ߾ͬ˼Ѫһ˷ܵĴ𣬱ϾУѾʶһơ
ȻⶼΪ˻֪ԵԵʡ
֪һʦӵĻǾͲΪˡ
ڳˡ
Ŀƣͦŭ裬ˮӲԣ߿֮¶
սɣֻж̶̵ֳ֣űҶɢͬˮһĹ𣬾ͬȶһ㣬һ̣ս߰ȫ
ģһܵĸɾ䡣޵ĵ·˵һ΢顣
ৡһ£һ㱬ˣͬīˮһʡ
Ҷɣ
һֻһʽʩչǽͬҶһ㣬裬ͬڻ֮еһ㣬ۼ
ȻһŬҲƿ
һʵ֣֣ٱĪ⡣
УƣҹһУȴû˿飬־ɱУˮһɨбĪ⣬ͬԾţ·ޱߡ
¡һر仯ҹ٣һζգһϯȥ
˲ϢͺݺײҶϣ֮ͣ
ؾ죡
ֻǶ޵ĵһѣʩչ˵ڶһ޷٣Ƶ޷ȡ
ۡһһ߽⡣
Ʈ
ɫȻδ㣬һǰչֵ쾡¡
һ޵оŽʦΣĽ
ȻδԲѾ޵оŽʦε
ʽвϱ任֯һ緱ƾӢͷףһҶһĽȴҵһһķʽͬһʱ乥򶫷ޡ
һΪԲһ
ﵽ޵оŽʦԣֻ壬ֻǴһΣûдﵽ޼һ˿˵ȻˣҾķڷ
˵գ޴߹ɵԪ貵ɫӡӡԵӡӡͷ·һ׵ɢƵ
ﱩŭ˳
ȫעһ
߶ĳ⿴ֻһȴ϶ɣֻΪʽ̫죬͸һֻһĸо
ȻĽѾﵽһԲľء
һʢһǳܹӰֵ飬־߽Է
Ǹоһɳ⣬ķҡ
䡪
ͬŭһ㣬һ޵һ߽⣬ˣķ
ۡ˳ȥһѪһһ㵹ɳȥ
ɫҰףǶ־ȫޣ׷𽣵־бļ


808 ѡ
һޱȣҪĥĽ׷;ܵӰ죬ܹ߳ΪٽһǵȥΪһˡ

ˣһӡ
ܸ˶ޣŷ͸˵ˣҲֻһܡ
ڶһԼΪǰģǶ޵Ķ֣˵һ˾Ժɨһǿߣ԰
һ̣ߴϲ˷ܣ۶һߡ
ˣǶ޵Ķ֣ѵҶû𣿡
ɺޣҶ½ұߺ³
ѵҶûϣ𣿡
ڳĶһߣһ߿սȭͷĿ
ܶˣǴͷ
ߣֶֻܹ̫ˣһ޶Ըˡ
һǱԣҲûκλˣװȥ
ݡݺһ۷׷ףݵ״
֣û°ɣŷ˼æǰסʵ
ȿȿȣû£ֻö衣
ŷһۣǰ̾һʡ
ڶ֣ŷ㻹Һһս𣿡ͱˣƿ񱩣ʣҪŷ磬״ܶһͣٳü
Ͼһ֮ɨһޣһּΪ飬ޱؽȵ½м

˻һʱ˻Ȼ
ⶫǳĴҪöܾ޴裬ϾѾû뵽ŷҲŹ
ѾðԵݣŰˡ
ûֹΪһ̶ʵǱһһˣһǼ俿ǰĴڣսûоԵİգǾԲܹġ
һɫ࣬ŭӶޡ
̫ˡߵ
ɶⶫ޼ֱͲˣڵϣݺݵϲϼšȭ˵
Ҫס˵Լ̾
һ㣬˭ĳ
˶һ࣬æȰŷ֣Ҫ
λѡ𣿡ŷһ˵ǰܣҲҪӦսΪⲻغҸ˵棬غߵ棬ұһս
ԣ˶ĬĬֻҧݡ
ŷվ
ŷҪӦս
ߣӦս䣿
ʵ΢Ƕ޵Ķ֡
۷׷ףмŷ硣
ŷ磬Ҵ㡣ޱȵ⣬һ뵽Լһ˾ʹܶһ󽣿ͣ;ޱȵ˷ܣǺεȵҫ
ޣֱ̫ŷŭȻҪһսŷкξգ˵գֻŷ籬ɣ
ڴʱһӰ߳
ŷ磬ɡδѾڿ𣬲²𣬵ȴ̺ʯһ㲻ݻٵ
ԣŷһʱ󾪵
ԣ˿Ӱʱһ־ϲ
㣬Сӣɫ΢䣬ôû뵽ԾȻδҲ̫ˣʧ㾹Ȼû
ĸһûԵĵ
ôܣʦܣֻһʦôҲѵġ𾪵
ûʲôܵġһƽŷ˵һս
ŷԿˣصĵͷ˵á˵꣬˻ȥ
˭Ȼŷ£սޣ
ߣһ˽ʦѣսޣΪԼ˭
ҿǻòͷˣһжӲ¡
һֻ־ͽˡ
ҲǺõĿӦûеֶΣֻǲ֪Σ
еֶΣһ˽ʦеֶΣҲֻһսͨľŽʦѣǶ޿޵оŽʦǿߣǲǴ֮ˡ
ͻȻڰеĳԣ˶ɻ󣬵Ϊǲм
һ˽ʦս޵оŽʦֱŰ
ûһΪڶ£κεĻᡣ
޿򳽻ԵУȴһ˿֮ɫ𳽻ڹĹеõıȡ֮ľȣȻûУǱһ뵽޾һ˷ܡ
ãܺãԣȻԼҶ޾Ͳˡйâ˸Цĵ
ޣϻһĶ࣬ϽһսɡԵ
㡭һ㴭ɫָ࣬˵ԣʲôݣҶʲôݣսսģ㣬ûκ棬֮ңȴܹüʲô£
Ŷô˵´򲻹ˣԲʵ
ʲôҴ򲻹㣿ߣĪ˵һԣԣҲҵĶ֡ޱӶˣ˵һսҪвͷɣ֣ͰڹĹеõĶҡ
ԡ˵
ãǾͿʼɡ̲סһ˿˷ܵ
æ㱻ҴܣǸʲôͷأ԰˵
˵ʲôһ㣿ЦöޣؾŽʦǿߣһһˣһ˽ʦߣ޷·Цһм˵


809 ɱ޼
ǺҲô˵ɣЦ
㡭ãˣ͡ݺݵĵ
ͰǸ߽ʦʦѧĽҡԺĴϵ䣬ҴӦ
ãҾʹӦ㡣ҧгݵ˵Сӣһ֪ôдġ
ٷϻɡԴһ˵
ޱһ˳ȥ϶ʱһ㵭ɫԣӡӡףͬһµĴȴ̺µľ⣬ˮʽϱãͬˮһ㣬ϯ
ܹܶ𣿡üʵ
ܹʦΪһսѾ˵ʵͻư˽ʦʵӿ¡˵Ҳûбİ취ֻаϣŵˡ
ǰϣҪʧŷ̾
ˡʩĿһĬĬĿųԣɫ¶һĨ֮ɫ
İɣⶫһִÿ޵Ц˵
ųʵǲǲ֪һޣǻֵؼ˵
ˣӦҲ˽⣬ûе̣ȻսޣǾаٷ֮ٵİաص˵
Űɣһսǳ½ĵһսƵĵ
ԣ˶衣
޲ͬˣǻʵ޵оŽʦǿߣһһˣν㣬ˣݡݣݶһԶȻ˫ա
ɶСӻսޣô䣿
һ˽ʦѣҲܶޣ̵ҿĳΡ
֪˵ĵǹģȻǸϺ
ΪߣԳԲȡ衣

ڴʱԺͶ޵һνӴˡ
ֻˮ齣һǽϼ仨һ趯ֻһ˲˿
ߣԣҪΪͻ˰˽ʦܹսңҾ֪һôЦ뷨һԵŵ˵ھ֪ĽǰǶôĲһ
һҹƽ
ȥƲ׺
ҹ
޵Ľľʫ⣬̺һУһбһǿһбһ㣬ͬĳһ㣬һ˱һ˸ߡ
һѾԪͽױȣ޼᲻ݡ
ɳ׺Я磬ҹ٣һжԵȻͷ·ľӰ쳽Ե־
˭
ǽ־ﵽĽ׵ĴڣܹӰġ
հν
籩
ʢ˥ʱ
ҲһʩչУʽ˫ԴͬԻ˼䣬ħߣո
ʢ˥֮ã̼߽˶޵
ৣ޾Ŀ˳һۣ˳ȥ
ʲô
˶ʱ󾪣Ǳߣͬһͬʽ˶ֵסȻǰ˽ʦ⣬ôܣ
ɣһǿˣѵ˵ʵ˻Ҫǿ
һ˽ʦȻܹƽⶫУʵǲ˼顣
ԲܣʵΪǴδ˵
ǰ᲻᲻Ƕݵˣ
ӦòɣŷҲͬԼսֻҵȴδ˵ѵ½ðĽţ
۷׷ףǲţĿɿڴ
̫ˡʩϲ
ֵʵȻǿǴﵽ޵оŽʦɡϼ˵
һζӮɲôˡصҲ˷˵
Ҿ֪ǲʧġԵЦ
ų䡣ص
ˣ˶˿˵ʵѾԽǡ
ȻԲʣӮˣҾϿΪҶһһˣӴ֮Ҳʲô͡һ˵
ûŷЦ
ãͿܷܶˡ
ΧԷ·ûŶޣ˵Ҫʧˡ
ɶ񣬳СӣѵΪԼнܹҸ㣬Ρ
߳ŭ񶾣ɭȻһɱ
¡һ͵֮ϯͬһûܣ貵Ľۣͬһ˫񽣣ʮ֮ޣ춼ҫɵ˽ɫ
꣡
·ɽ۵ֻǾͽ𽣺Ȼ£޼᲻ݵն򳽻ͷҪ롣
һ
δ£ؾѾѳһ޴ѷ죬·֮ڣҪɳԡ
ལ⣡
ԲСﶫޣ۲౾Դ·ȥҷһ貵Ĺԣƿգ糤ҡֱһ㣬ʮأƴϣϢɢȥءһһĢơ
֮ըضһߡ
ལ⣬ֲ˹
ۣ
ལնڽɫ޽ϣиֽһ㣬һΪһǰµƴ򶫷ޡ
ʲô޶ʱɫ䣬ˣͬʱȣը
¡
δ䣬ˮնӷһΪӽ磬Ǻƴƣͬػһ㣬һƬ磬ռ䶼һۼ˺ѿļ
ʦƿ򣬿ռ䣬ռѷ죬ͬͳһսһ
ŽʦһΣ޵Ҳã˵еǿҲգƿزʦеģǳ֮Ϊܣӵصϴܶ֡
붫һȻûռ䣬ȴ˿ռѷĺۼѾ˵ʵĿ£һ


810 ܶ
͡һལһ¡

Ʊ任Уһ߽ɫ䣬ͬǿս٣߿貵ǳ˶ͷϷ
ǣ貶Ŀʣɢ͵ǳԣ£ͬء
䣡䣡䣡
Ƶ磬糤ڰԾһʱǳһǺۣĺХءһһ
ܣ޶ʱʧһѾޱȽӽôƽ⣿
ûʲôܡޱ
ɶ񣬳ԣҵģ㲻ҪõĽҾʶһ¡˫ĿѪ죬Ŀ𣬿ϢɢܻӺɱ޼
ֻˮ裬û·ңȴһ޷ĦĽ۹켣
͡ŶһһĻӳһ֮ͬձһһ㣬һҡңĽŽ࣬һǿҵɱ¾ͬǳһ㣬ƺƴ
һȻ̺ɱ¾ǳ
Զʱ󾪣ɫһ䣬ΪоһĿ¡

ǳԶԾһУһĶ֣˾Ƕޡ
Ҫ֪һ˵ֻʦܲϵȻڴȴԽּ
˵ǿˡ
ɱ޼ɱ¾죬ɱ޴һЯƣͬһ٣򳽻ԣҪĨɱ
ǳǿ貣飬ɱڴ֮䣬Ҳֱ֣ӶĿűǵһ۳һǳǳ嫶Ʈ죬̺һǳһǺ۽֯һǳһ㡣
¡
·︴գصشǳ䡣
ɱĿƵĶųԣһȫһ㣬һϣҪ״ܳԣɱ
ء
ǿײһ𣬶ʱһƬǿյıըǳ֮γ֮âںϻۣɱ¾ǳɱһ𣬱ҡң񱩵ϢɢȥһƬ죬ͬХһ㡣
ˡ
һɺƴ޼ɢײ˳ԺͶ޶˵ϣͬʱ˳ȥ޸һѪȴƺһһѪ
ǳɱ
˭֪ԾȻԪǿѹԼʹԼ˳ȥٴһն򶫷ޡ
޷ĽкţԼһ£ˣȻһսµս
ȴǲ֪ʩչһеʱѾ˱Դס壬ܹڶʱڻָơ
ǲĿ֮
ۣ
ƾкҲ޷ֹһϡ
ҲǳˣˮֵԼǰһ䣬类ɽѹ壬ٴһѪ
ءһ죬ֻ޵˴֮ϣУѪ˺ۡ
ֻһ˫Ѫ۾ŭ֮ɫ¶ǲʡ
ԼԵĽȻǰܸ˳ԡ
ָ죬һ㡯ָճڣһѪ
˻
һӼžѻȸ˶ϲҰܵĶޣһ£ǵһĿɿڴĿųԡ
ⲻܣôܴܶޣһǼٵġ
ްˣôܣƾҲܹܶޣǲǶ޹İ
˽ʦ޵оŽʦεĶޣֱ췽ҹ̷˼顣
˽гԣܶޣؽݡ
ǰǺεȵ޵оŽʦǿߣһһˣʦ߽ʦܣһ׽Ǵﵽ˹ĪĵزȴǰܸһĲĳԣʵ̫˼ˡ
û뵽ĽԭΪ޴ܶͣ㴫ұݽƣҪ֪ݺͱݶûĴ¼û뵽ͻȻðĳԴܣֱǳ˵ϡ
󣬳ԽǲŶ޵һǿ֮С
ұݿǰʮĴڣ⳽ԴܣʵŽǰʮ
һǿ𣬶ǲŶġ
ã˽ʵΪ޸е̾Ϣԭڽһһս˭֪ȻΪ̤ʯȫ˱ˡ
ӮˣʩɴĿ˵
Ӯˣ֣սӮˡض˲ŵĿųԣʱе
̫ˡص㷢һ̾һս־벻ˡ
ǰܶޣֲҶһ֮ĽһˣܹǿĴڡ״ε˵̫ˡ
һ׷󡣡ʮеĹŽ˵
Ӯˣ˲ţһۣڵ϶÷ֺĶޣڿ϶һսԴ˶ޡ
ôأôܴңǴ򲻰ҵġ죬Ŀ˻
ôԼɣԵĵ
ԣһսӮˣǱϣһġһӵųһ˵
ٷϻɱ޼ĽҰɡԻ˵
Уɱ޼ʦڸҵģҲ⴫޶Ȼܾ


811 ɱ
뷴ڣɫһӾʵ
ɱ޼ҾԲܹ㣬ɣĶ㡣ҡͷ粽ã˵ԣʵɣɱˣҲɱ޼㡣
ԼҲ֪ǲܽɱ޼ԼˣȻԼҵû˵ĵطɱὣһ߽ʦܣǳֵȼϼһﻰԼҲûкӹˡ
ǣ˶Σ˵ãȻͬҾͲҪɱ޼֪Ҫʲôҵʧ
һƷʯ̽˵
ߣޣ㵱ɵӣǵԼɵӣһƷʯܹһԵĽ𣿡Ժ˵
֪Զʱһиоŭ˼㣬֪Լܸ˳ԣˣóԷĶ뿪ﶼһ׵顣
һҧ˵Ʒʯ
ƷʯپܾݹҲԻ˵
㣬ôȥһϲһ˵
ȻƷʯ㻻ɱ޼ĿƵ˵
㡭Ҹһ࣬䲻ʣȴòóʯһӣһӳ˵ٶƷʯϰƷʯ⻹мǧҩݡ
˵꣬ǳǱƵ뿪¥
˼˶ʱЦû뵽Ҳнա
ԴĿˣȴ档ǰ˵Ƕڳϣ󣬽㣬ҵЩԸ㣬ϣֶ
⣬ӽҲûжֻͣгһˣҶһ֮ĵһޡһ֣ص˵
ϣܹ
ûбĻֻϣܹΪҶݽһսŷһ˵һ
лԹ˵λյĻҳģԶ
¥һΣʵ
ã롣԰˵
һ̣һĴ󶥼⽣޾һ
ӽ𣬶ͽΪȥǵ֮ĵһˡ
Ҳһ죬˽һˡ
ж߶˷ܲѣźԵ֣Ϊ
Ե֣Ҳ¥Ϊģ˷ȥò˶ãһһ޳֮쳹ݡ
ڶ죬ԺͿϵ뿪ǣϻضݡ
ºһڵ˶ĵؽ硣
ȴÿϵȻڣԼһǰҡ
ɱ
ʮ죬ݣҵҡ
Գǣġ
еҲǷʢ
ԳǱƽ֡
Ϊպٳ
ҴССзּ֮˶ԳǣҽõļҲΪ١
Ҳãʡ鷳Ҿڵ졣ԵģѾı䣬һĿ󣬿ˣһۣչ¶ͽʦΪ
һҾƼס¡
ȴٵ֮ա
Ҹۡǰɽ˺Ϣ֡׳۵˼㡣
ҶͬʵߵĴһֺ
ףټαûԹԣϾʦܣΪ׿Щ˵Ѿһһ硣
˵ԳǣҾǵ֮֮
ԣżҶ̴ӵݶˮǴߡ
ιʲôˣóһҶֺĵڳ׳ǰָŭȵ
ûԵ
ûʲôңһͨ˾ͿԽġҶŭ
ɱ˵ġԵĵ
˴˻ǰٵļαʱǹЦͺһЦһ㡣
СǲǷӣɱˣ
찡һǰ׳գ֪
ǣʦܣǧ꣬СӾȻ˵ɱˣҿǻȡ衣
Ҷɴ۾Цǰ󱳣ָųԳСӣ֪ʲôطҰҼ̫үٴ٣ϲ֮գմѪ̹ȥվ֮ա
˵滰ȻûţȻˣҾӿɡ̾һҡͷ˵
˵գֻһӣۡһҶԴ׷˳ȥͷʬ鴤ƬѪҺغɫĴȾѪɫ
޹˵뿪ҲɱˡԻһۣĵ
ʹҡڵ˽ȥ
ɱһҶڵϣͬһų߽ţǷֵĺ
ɱ˵ģ
찡Ұɱˣ
Ҫˣɱ˵ģϲǵˡ
ǰ֪ٳȴţԤıİ
ʦܣȻֻһףҲһܰѵҲʦܣ
ҿֻǴ˸ǰһеҪˡ
ǻȥ
ȥȵһȣٽȥɡ
ǰٵļαʱҲǣҲǣֻöվ⡣
ʲô˵Ҵңɣ
ͥŲ߽ҴԺʱʦǿ߼ȵ̹ȥ
ۣۣ
ûκһӣԴǳ𾪵ĿУ˴ԺУѪ䣬Ѫӯ졣
ձǰǺҽһЩ飬˵뿪ɱ⡣Ŀ⻷һۣ˵


812 
ԺУһ峤ҲһЩɳϼĴڡ
󵨣ҰһҹǸɳԱǾŽʦǿߣ̤ȵ
ʵ
ѧ̧ͷ˵
һһ绡һ㼤һѣ͡һѧҽûüԴ͹µµĹ˵ϡ
ʲô
һ£ǴʧɫĿɿڴĿųԡ
֮ˣ뿪ҡޱ˵һ
󵨣㾿ʲôˣ޳ԹһžɱҶܣ㲻˵뿪ҡμ˳ĿɭȻĶų˵
һִӳԿд齣£ѿһ㣬޿ɵֵ
ס֡Ϸɫ䣬һӣīһ˳ȥ
ۣ
Ȼһ̫ˣ˲Ϣ䣬δӦͱ롣
Եĵ
˻
˶ʱһ棬ʦǰɱҼԲڿЦҪɱˡ
ңǼ޾Žʦǿߣȴǰ֮һɱʵʦܡ
ʦ˶ûȥ룬ΪǸ͸ԵΪ
֮ǰԾ¾ѪڸԼϢǸ߽ʦܣûܹ͸ǰ˽ʦΪ
ԣ˶ȷʦɡ
ǰɱˣ˵ǰ˽ʦߣҲû˻š
ǰҼм´ȸˡ
ǰǰҲҾҪ鴦Ȼȥˡ
ǰˡҵ̫Ҫˣҵ̻ȥ
һ˲䣬ķԶɵҽ뿪ҡ
֮䣬ԭͥеңֻʣұ֮ˡ
㾿ʲôˣ׷ͯգ棬ʣģʵĳ׷ɱԣҪᱱ
ɱˡԵ
ããܺãʮûһ˵ôϷ˵ǵһƾһ㣬Ϸȫʬٺã˳⻰ҲǶŭ˵
𽣹⣡
ٷţ
籩
ûһýȺߣһ˸һѪͬʱһĲҽ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ʮּҼͱɱ룬ߵĻᶼûС
߰
ңҡ

µ˷׷״𣬺µ˼㣬У׳һħɱ˲գۡ
ϷҪɱ㡣һԼǰڵϣĴ˫Ŀӿֳɱ
֣
һԪĵ޳һ£գǰգ۳һʮɵƣ϶򳽻Դ
հν
̤Ͽգ齣һֻһһ־ͷѿˡ
һ̣Ҳ˽ʵ
ȻһʦܣȻǻߣֻǶŽʦͻƵʦʵһʦ֮ҲǺǿ֡
Ҳδͻƶʦ
ս൱޵оŽʦ
ԣԿԶԸ
С㣿α˳ȥһƬƬݣϿգĿ¶ɫĿų˵㾹Ȼţôܣڳʩչհνһʶ˳Եݡ
ֻôţһʦռѷ죬Ȼû
Լ
治
ޱ飬һԲ汾ԴͲ౾ԴͬʱɴɵĻȼգ౾ԴӳϣϢƳ಻齣Ҳһ棬Ʒལ⡣
أ
һ޷ֵ˳ȥһѪ
ôܣѵͻʦ˲ɣĨȥǵѪĿɿڴĿųʧⲻܣ㲻ôͻʦ
ɱӡԵĵ
Ԫ
˵գԴһǿƥľԪӿϿ£¡һͽ
ңǳΣơһ˫ֱ任һۼһ˳ȥ¡¡Ĵڽռϣȴܶҡֺ
λñ䣡
񽣣
Ŀ䣬ɱεʾһٵľչľ磬ʱС
õĿռ仯һ˿죬ֻԺһںϣ͡һ࣬Ѫ๾ʳ
ءʬҸۡķϡ
ۣ
ڰУĽЩҪ֮ܵˣɱ
󣬳ԿҲһۣ뿪ҡ
۳ưԳңһ
󣬶û֪ҵǱ˭ġ
ڡ
˵𣿳Գϴܱһһ޶ˡ
ʲôļٵģǶ޿Ľǿߣ޵оŽʦŷ˶âԳܹ
ߣ㻹֪ɣ˵˱Ǳ޴ܣǳԳϳ˶ޣΪҶһһˣѾڱݴķзˡ
찡ԳܹǴ˵еǿߣнʦܵĴڣ
Ͳ֪˰ɣʵԳϻǰ˽ʦ
ⲻܣ˽ʦôܴܶޣ
㲻žˣ֮ˡ
Ҷһ˽һˣ޶ǶֵĴڣԺˡ


813 
һ˵Գϻصڣ̾ͱټųϵݣԱȫۼء
һЩ˿湻ͷİ
ǰ֪Ҳ
㣬ճԱǺϸģƾ㻹벻
˵ôǻȥ忴ɡ
ǰԳܹ԰˽ʦΪ޵оŽʦޣԺʮ֮˾ܹΪʦܣΪһأǿҪùϵ
һʱ䣬ڵӶۼܣҪĿóԵķɡ
ԴʱȴæĽͷöһͱǺӽȥ
ǺӡϺͶϼѾǰ˽ʦȷܶ޵ϢǴͣúŬͻƾŽʦμǱ
ǺӵƶУѾΪڵ֮ǣǶǱһɲݺӵ
ͬʱԴ󿪷֮ţԽ󶥲ѡȡƷ׺Ϲѧͨ
⻹ƷҩʯݣԳԿǲĸ뷽㡣
֮⣬һЩҲ׷ǰݷóԡ
һһӦɰѳ۵İ
һ죬Ӧô೤ϣоҪࡣ
Ҳ֪һǿδԼ˵Ҳܹһİ
ȻԸ˵ǣһЩźų϶в
ԲδϲóͷԣȻŽҪףκ壬ֻĹأϾҳϺҪ
еľҪľǾҳϣȻʵ
򵥵ıȷʦܽҳڳԣȨһжǰ״
ǰڻԪУγûڳԵ׵ԭ
ԣҪǾҳϡ
ʵڻصڵ·ϣԾںϻá飬ôԱʵ
ȻǶв츳󲿷ֶеʦΪʦĴڣҲ١
ԪȻǰʵʵڲʲô
ڣԪҲֹһȼ
գǺó̰Լ
ǣԱΪ
򵥵ľȻУȴɷѿĵ뵽һ·ǾԷռУŨȣӶǿԱٶȡ
̱Բɡ
Ϊռ޵ģɲô࣬󷨾ͽˡ
ȻȡҲһơ
ȴǽ󷨱һ̶ȣʮ˵ĵزȻռԱʮһ
⣬Իṩ˴ҩԼϵеģҵջ񣬸۱ҩݡ㹻Աס
ŵ˵ҩ䷢ȥÿһԱΪٵˡ
ǿϡʮص㡢ˣΪõ
ڳԵİ£ǰǽнʦ˸߽ʦ
ɷӺͳϣ
һʱ䣬ڿν˲֪˲
ʱںó̡ϻõо
Сٰ̣ܲŨһЩʵ
оľѾʮŶҪĻºѡŲӣ۾תţЦȻĻҲǲԣֻҪõĲϡ
ܹٱڴʵ
ȫϺòϵĻСаڵĻһһЦ˵
һǾ൱ʮ㹻ˡ˵
ѾܲˣϹʱܹŨʮҲһ׵飬Ще̵ŲܹһѵĲһϧ֮ϻۺЦ˵
У̾ĵӣʮֵ⡣
ǼС̫ˡЦ
ǣ磬ЩʦĳϵĲַȲҡ̾ͬһСѾͷڴǰһܸ˵˵ʱͻʦĻͻܶˡ
ʦǺǣ׵ġԸ̾Ц
˫¶֮ɫĴ۾̵ͷ˵ţСģһͻʦ㡣
С֪ˣʱʵҲͿ԰ѩһˡ̿Ц
ǺǡԣҲһЦ˵ǺãѲþҪĲϸ߸磬ȥ졣
õġԵͷдһ嵥
С̣ϣͲþ󡣡嵥˵
ȥռϣʵ
޸ǡԺɵĻص
õģǸҪȥء̶·Сġ
ģڵʵǵͽʦҶܡ˵
ڶ죬Ըϵ˵һǰ޸ǡ
޸ûκα仯֡
ǳԵڶ߽ϼһĻ
Ծҡҡͷݵķ
һŮڵȴ
ԣ
ȻһϲֵŮӲԶ
ֻһԽû󷽣һСԸУù龫֣ıŽ֣е㣬ǳԴ磿
ϼϼҲҲû뵽ȻܹϼãЦ˵
šϼ΢΢һЦٻʢ
Դ磬˵˱ݷͶޣŷҲԺҲûͣ⵽ǲģϼ۾һ˷ܵʵ
ҶѡЦ


814 Ԭ
ۣô˵ѽϼ˵ıд˷֮ɫ˵Դ̫ˣ˵ǲǽ㣿
šϼ˳һۣоϲȴסĵͷ˵ԣ޸ʲô
ңһЩϡ˵
Դ磬һɡϼ˽һۣЦ˵ߣ˭鷳
Ŷ˭鷳𣿡Բʵ
ϼϼһ˿ǣæ˵
㣬Դֲˣûʲôϼں˵޼ԬǼһճŽ㣬Ӧ顣
޼ڣ΢΢ף޼֪ģǽڵţڶݶţʵǿڶݵ̸ᣬԬȴǲ֪
Ǻǣϼڱˣɲһϰ߰Ȼһº͵ЦֻһȲģ˹
㣬ôѵǣϼ˵
ϼҲüһ壬ȴû˵
Ǻǣϼ˵Цˣ޸һδᣬǡμӣϼ겻ΪЦ
ߣô˵Ҷ㡣ϼ˵
ϼϼ˼æһϼ˵ԲԬʦ֣ϼС£֡
Ǻǣϼɰôأһ˿ɫϼ˵ȥǫº͵ĵ
߰ɡʱ˵
˭ɨ˳һۣһ˿ģһ˽ʦ벻۾˵Һϼ˵˵ĵط
Դ磬ԬϼæյԶߣС˵޼ųϣʮ꣬޵оŽʦЩ˵ҶƵһˣǳҪμǱġ
ŶԭǳԣȻϼ˵СȻǱԬֲֻ¶´˳һۣЦЦ˵˶ޣһƾΪһ
˽ʦ治֪ܶ޵ģǳذɣԬм˵
㡭Ԭʲô˼ϼüͷһָԬʵ
ߣαظ־ƽϡԵĵ
˳ǰ䣬ϼԹԵĵͷ䣬ǲָԬЦԣǳ˵ĶԣһֻϴĽӡ
㡭Ԭʱһ࣬һ˿ɱСӣͻư˽ʦʱ㻹֪أ㾹Ǻӣ̫ɶˣ֪޼ųϣ޼ڡ
ߣԬӣͦˣųϣң͵ͬڣҿɫһ䣬˿˵
㡭ãܺãԬ޵оŽʦǿߣһƵһˣ㾹ңҾҪ㸶ۣ⽣һǲʵԬָԣоζ챻ըˣЪ˹ĺе
ʱ㡣һƽ
ˣ򡣡ԬһҲѹƲסеŭ棬֣ƣʱԪӿңһڰӡ򳽻ԣһ֣û飬Ҫϼ棬˳ԡ
Сġϼϼʧɫû뵽ԬȻ˵־Ͷ֣ŵôе
˺󡣡Եĵ罣˫ֱ˳ȥӡϣһͱѿޱĿԬ˵ƵһҲ˰
ɶҪɱ㡣Ԭܻĺе
¡
ֻҷһˣ˫ƽӡ裬Ĺ켣ƺۣǵص򳽻ԡ
ֺʯֱ̧һ̺ɨءһӡɢ
Ԭ˵УƷҲϡƽǻȥЩʱհɣҪǱ񣬶Ҷݵ档
𣡡ԬĴĿ𣬵ܿ侲һ˫Ŀų˵Сӣ뼤ŭңɣղֻǶ˲㶼޷ֵĻҲֻ˵һ
ɣֻ˶ɡԺں˵
ֻһɡԬɫ˵ҧ졣
ҼƤģûмƤôģô˵ûжʵأҿ㲻ýԬĽԬƤŶԡһ˵
Դ磬˵̫ˡϼٴûЦ˵
ꡣϼҲһЦ򳽻ԣû뵽һ档
㡭ԬȻŭֺͳ˵ȥֻԼֱӶֲǵѡ趯Ԫӿںзڣڡ
ܻܲһ䣬˵ֻ˵仰ɫɵ˵ȴûгɣ޽һǰһӿֳҼһ㼤ȥȳһˡ
꣡꣡꣡
ӡϣ𲻾ڶ֮
쿴Ԭ˴ˣȻһ˷ܵĴ
Ԭ
֣ǶͬһĴڣ˲֪˲ǶƵ˵ǿԲ֪ŵĳЩ֪һƵһ˭
ԬǶݵķҪ֮ϡ
֮䣬д˾ۼܡ
˭ҸԬһս˲ɣ
һ˽ʦȻԬսֱ·
˺ǳԣܱݽһ˶޵ĳԣҶһһˡ


815 һVSƵһ
ʲôǳԣôᣬûжʮꣿ
ûУ˵겻ʮѣֻа˽ʦΪȴܹ۷ˣܶޣʵԲǿ򵥡
찡˽ʦʵŰ
һ˲䣬˾۷׷ף֪Եݺ󣬶𾪵ױȣŴһͷ
֪Ԭһս˭
жϣǳĴܶ޵ĻʵҲ޵оŽʦҪԬɲһ׵飬ϾǰߵʵĿõģҶһƵһ˵ݿɲǰװ׵ġ
Ӧļ٣ݶѾˡ
һսɾԤˡ
һ̣˾۳ԺԬǿϾԬѾãʢ֮ʿ
෴ȴǸոĽǿߣûۿ˵棬Ҳʵ
ΧԬһ⣬¶԰֮ɫưĿų˵ҾҪúýѵһ٣֪Щ˲ܹȵġ
Բ㡣ޱ
ɶ񡣡Ԭһ𣬺б¾ͺȥһս
ԣԴ磩ˣϼϼöæֹ
ģҿɲᱻܣοҲ뿴һƵһ˵ʵǲ˵Բİ˵
˵ţԿԬ˵߰ɽ
⣬һ£ҾڡԬıӶЩˣǼѹȥ˵
˵գϷһ⻡糤һȥ
ৣ
֮䣬͸ȥ

˶ǻȻû뵽ԾȻӦսˡ
Ҳȥɣ⳽Եûд˵е
ԬؾŽʦǿߣֻǰ˽ʦΪ̫ˣҿǲǱϼϼǰӣӲŵġ
㲻˵ҵͦԬĵɫϣܹԬһϸ¡
Χ߼ԬͳԳһսǸ˳ȥ
㣬Ҳȥɡϼ˵
ߡϼæ˵
ͬʱԬͳڳһսϢͬһ޸ɽʱֻһӰɳȥ
⣬һƬΪĴ
ʱѾۼʮ˹սԽԽ˳
ֻϿԬͳԶǰһɱ⣬ȴһƽ˵Ȼ·ԬһƵһûκѹ
ǳԣ
һЩһμԵ߶¶𾪣û뵽ᡣ
Ǹܶ޵ĳԣҪԬһսǳţ»Ϊ˶ޣͿԴκˡ
˵ļǣǶ޲ǱݽһˣݺҶݶһԽΪ𣬶ȭƵΪ޵ʵڱܹʮͲˣҲʲô
ԬͲһˣǳΪĸ֣޵оŽʦֵȼĴڣҶһУܹǰʮ˰
ҿ⳽ʮ֮˾ŲԬĶ֡
ٴ۷׷ףԬʵģԾͺһˣڶֻеȴ֪Ȼǲ˿á
ˡԬ˫ƿأǿƥϢɢɨķйâ£âɽһء
ǳ΢΢죬û뵽ԬľȻǳ
ǱǳȻͬǳֵǳҪԸһ
Ҳֻ΢΢ѡ
СӣԬֶΣ֪ⶫݶռͷġԬʮֵ⣬Եţֻǿһ㣬ȴǸδԷУԼɱһֻܵķݡ
ô԰񷣬֮䣬ֻǵһ˵Ǳǹһ˿ЦѾ¶ҪúýѵһԬͬʱҲö֪Ե
ৣ
գһУ䵽Уνҫסͬ·Ҫնħһ㡣
ͶһսԴӮ˵Ͽɡ
գҪԬ壬ж궼֪ǵ֮ĵһˡ
ԭԾѰһᣬû뵽˯ͷȻԲ
Ҳûд⣬ϾֿԬһƵһˣ޵оŽʦĴڣҪףҳҲ֪ԬʲôֶΡ
δ֪ǿ£ԸտʼԲûչֳǿʵ
ԬҲ˼УƲ۳ԣһ˽ʦѣȣǼֱͲһεĶ֡
ˣնɱ˲֪١
ŭˣԾҺԼϲŮһ𣬼ֱ޿ˡ
УѾϼΪԼŮˡ
ҺԼŮһ𣬾ҪΪݶķȻǵŮˣݺݵ
ԣԬ¶èϷЦݡ
㳽ʩչοµĽжһĲֵڳеĽǸͬͭΪƵߣһ˫ƣıΪһƵһˣƣ޼᲻ݡ
һ㣬Ըһ־͸оˡ
ҲͷԬǿһ㣬ȷʵ԰ʱƵ־ףȴޱǿᣬȻ۷壬ͻĽ׵ļ
ǳԼڶ֮УΪǿˡ
һ㣬ҲóԲС
ȻΰЩݣÿһ缡ⶼʮֵȳƣļн·ѪҺ·ƻռ䣬ÿһѪҺ̺һ
һƺҷƷȴ·һƵʵ졣


816 ԰ʵ
ԼΪĸоһ㣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
û뵽ԬĿƣȻﵽһ˾˵ĵزֱڶס
ٺ١쵽˳ԵɫԬǹһ˿Цٺ˵úҵĴƷɣ
¡
δ䣬һɺصĴϴݳǹȽȽ糯һ㣬һɽһĸо
һεڳԵͷͬմˮ޻һԽԽء
أأأ·ԼͷȻ亹һɲɶֹĿ¸оͷͬϲ˵Сݣ޷ֹ
·ص࣬һһ
ء
ȻըѿֻԬȻһ˳ǰһ£ռ䣬Ȼ˻˻֮·Ǳ˺ˡ

ʹģ齣˳ǰ˸ԣ亹£ŽǰԬ˵ǴƷܲ
ʲô㾹ȻôͻˣԬͬһܣһ˽ʦôôͰҵƵӵ޵оŽʦʵ
¶ˡԵĵҲһ£ʦҲսͷһζֿµѧȻӰ˵ľҪ֡
Ԭ״ƷϸȴֵܹʹԼԼĽ޷ձԬһдܡ
һУԬ¶Ը޵оŽʦһ²εĶֱ֣û뵽һξȻʧˡ
˻ղô£Ժʧķˣôˣпɻʵ
ղԬʩչѧƷܹӰ˵Լ֮УֻҪ޵оŽʦ²ε߶ϣֻ³ֻû뵽⳽ԾȻֵסˣ˹ˡ
ô˵⳽汾Ҳ˵
ԭҶһԻûڴģע⳽ԳΪԬµսߣû뵽Ȼֵס˴Ʒһ¡
ԬڶǷѧͨȻһЩ˲֪˽ģȴͬĹ֮һ㣬ɼ
ԣֻǼ򵥵һУҲܹϳ
һЩΪѾܾѶˣһУһ˿Ȥ
㣬Ԭôϼ죬ͷ˵
ţиϼ˵
ǳԴǲĶ֣ϼæʵ¶ϵ֮ɫ
һʧˡϼ΢΢ʣĿг˳ԵӰ˵ǻǼɡ
ŶϼҲֻʧ򳽻ԣܹԬ
ЩһԬĶУɫ࣬оӣһ˽ʦԼȻһδܶԸֱûƵһ˵
ٺЦСӣҪΪҵĴƷ͵⣬ߣֻͼѧѣͬʱҲֻóĳɵʵҪóɵʵһٴ㣬ֶ֪Σ£εĲһ
ǺǣӣҲ˵һ䣬ķϻʵ̫ˣŮһ裬ʹ͸Ͻó汾³ɡԺǺһЦ̼Ԭ˵
ֻҪԷóƳԾͿԶ֢ҩݺݴ
ɶСӣҪ㸶ۡԬŭ
޼ڰѵһţھȫڣڳ֮УֱǿԺߣʦ̫ܵϳϣҲû뵽һֻһĳԣŴνӣĸܵˣ
ѣ
һԬ˫趯ռңɽŤ򳽻ԡ
飡һƺ䵽齣ϣʱһ졣
ݡһ
ֻһͬɫɽһӡ£ѹķ·ѹˡ
죡
ͻޣ齣һϯʣգͬƻµĻһ㣬εΪ׳ۡ
֮£ȴһɿµĻ
ȻһµĺֻƬƬĻ汻紵Ԭ
ҲңǲԬһͷЦǲԷУܹԼĴƷҲǿżᶨ־ѣͷϲʼʩչУҪ״ܳԣϼۿԼѡ׽ˣԼεĲ
ǰͷԬ룬øˡ
޿ˡСӣɣ
ԬһɫϯͬХһ㣬ǵ˳ϯذ˷ɳԡ
𽣹⣡
һһڿռԾ齣ķʽ趯ʱ콣ȥͬѽڣ貵ǿһ㣬Ծһ£ɢӡӡĹԣݡ
ಣ
ǽѸޱȣǻҹգ糤綴ʣĲ˼顣
ԬԴУֽһ㱻顣
ɶС㡣Ԭɫ˵
漴ͻָ˳ɫ˵ҲֻܹһȤ
ৣ
˵֮䣬Ԭ˫ֲϽ·ڴһصӡһĪƺҷͬǺһ㣬ںƮǿ»
֮£ԾҸоһΣϢ
֪Ԭʼɱˡ
죬Ԭɱˣ
ô죬ǳԹȻһֱ£ʵսԽΪԬǹ°ıɫǲᶯɱеġ
ԬΪ֪ȷʵ԰ʵ
ǰ⳽ȻʵԬĻʼǲܴڡ
һЩԬ˽̷һ㣬ֱ˵˵


817 Ԭ
ÿ¡ϼԬ۾һǵ˵ϣԴû¡
ϼû˵һ˫ȴǲһ
ʼ𣿡ȴһЦ˿˵ȻˣҲˡ
⻰Ԭ֮Աǣɣ
ء
£һɺ̲һǳϱһƥľ
ǺơһʽǺӻ˿
ţԬЪ˹˫йɵĳռԳһƬ˲ƣ貰صǺӹԾͬǹһ㣬ǧ˿Ƶӿϳ˿һ㡣
ޱȣ˲䴩͸һƬųԶȥ
׻ױ
һʽԴѹûиӣɱԴڵӿͬʱ߶˸˫֮£籩һӭ˳ȥ
Ե͹ԬһʽƷһ˲ͱ߽⡣
ɶ񡣡
ˣɫһһʩչɱС
籩
׽⣡
հν
ͬںзڣڻ赸һɭֲϢ˺ѻ־٣һƣչֳǿµǺӲ˿֯һγһĻ档
ۡ
һȼ֮쳹أ·ضȼգǽһƽһ
Ԭһ£ʩչڶС
ǺơڶʽǺӱ仯
ǺơʽǺƣ
ǺơʽǺӱ
ƺƵǳԬϿӿʱɫ䣬վǳǳܲľַǧ׷ԲϵĺڰһڳϿա
ݣ
ԬһУǳ䣬Ⱥ䣬һɱʩչɱƲ񷡣
ֻǾáȺǹâ֮ˮһ㵹£ͬӨ͸ˮҫۣžһµıըƬǹɡһ£򳽻ԡ
顭
ʱһ󲻾ڶıը
ԣϹѧǺƣԹͨǳѾг۷֮ǶʦˣҲҪСӦҿôֵԬͣ죬ܹЮǳ֮⣬ӳԹЦ˵
ǳ𣿲ֻŻᡣԵĵ
ˡһ
һɺƮ죬Ұصǳ֮ӳɢֻǳ֮Ԭǳ֮貣Ӷǡ

｣ֱָ񷣬ƾ䣡䣡䣬һܵĺУֻϿյǳٴα任߿ҹһǳһӡ
ǣ
¡һ
ųһ£һǳ£ʯ콵ѹȿռ䣬ѹķ졣
ԬˣǺƵġ
ǽͬһ㱻ϣǻ԰ͬһҫۣĺĳӣûԬ飬ʧɫ
һ



һǿҫĻƻ裬һ㡣
ǲǿպƺ֮Уǧǹ⣬¡֮ϯ˷
ɶǱǳ
Ԭɫ˵Ϊƾ豱ǵͿѹֱΣΰɣ
ˡ
Ȼһ糵תһ㡣
ǺӶ䣡
һĻˡ
ԬѪţϢͬǴӹĻ֮߳ӣЯЩͬԹĥڰΪȡĲҫ
һθ𣬾ͷ·Ϊ̣Ϊ
¡ֲԬǺƵȻؼʱ̴һĤͻƵ˴ɾ硣
ױȣ·գն
ǺƴɣڽǺͻƴɾˡ
Ԭޱȣ˴ЦԣҪлл㣬Ϊ˱㣬ҾΪһǺƴ֮µˡ
ɾǺƣɱǰĵ˰ɡ
ЦգԬȻƽ͵˵ƣ
䡱һ
һƺǳ嫣󺣣糿ɱµһС
ն
ԺڷŭɣϢޣ䣬ǵͬ˼ңӵΰ
䡭
ǳƹ߿ǳϣʱܼıըͬϦ̻һ㣬Ѥãȴһޱȿ£ѹķԳԺԬΪġ
ˡһ
˷ʮɢȥƥǳ˲Ϣ֮ߣ
ͷ·Ⱥ飬䣬س٣⵽˻ԵĴһ㡣
ǧ֮⣬͡нʦһˡ
䣡һ߿صıըУԺԬ˵Ӱ˳
Ծ˳ǧ֮⣬סΣƺһѪɫһ԰ס
Ԭȴǧ֮סɫǲ԰ףȴǹһȣٺһЦٿȻŴЦԣڿôҶ

ʱȫȻ
찡ԬȻǺͻƵɾˡ
ҶһƵһˣȻսнѧͻƣһͲܹģ⳽ҲףȻԬƵزҲʵѵãԱԬȴǲһ㣬ֻܳΪԬ̤ʯˡ
ٺ٣ǵȻԬ꣬һƵߣ˭˲⳽Բǰ˽ʦȻսͨ죬Ҳм޵ġ
˵һս䶨ˡ
˻Ԭ쵰Ȼôϼ˿˵㣬˵Դ粻ɣ
ᣬϼһ˿ǣǼӰҧ˵
šϼҲųԣصĵͷŷȭеԴͣǻ쵰


818 
ߡԬ⻰һĿɭȻĿųԣһһƥǳԳΪģסͬһ㣬ӿռ侹Ƿ¡¡Ե˼㡣
ҪѹˣѹƳԣӰ죬⡣
ˣͿٶȴܳԡ
Ͼ޵оŽʦսҪܶԷǺѵġ
ңԬһεĶڡ
һƵһˣ˵
ս
ԵǳԣҲѾȴԽսԽ£Ȼˣв౾Դ˵ֱ΢
ôܣԬɫ΢䣬о˳ϵı仯ȻأҪڶʱڸգûпܣȴԵĸоˣϵָ
˵ɲһϢ
̫죬սپԬǳˣȻĿһУ𳽻ԣǲӴ⡣
¶⣬ԬٴʩչǺơǺӶ䣡
˳ԵƷǰϢˣ֮ɥ
ֻǳۣǹ⵱ͬһغ嫵Ǻӣʥйҫն
һƣԬ˰ٷ֮ٵսҪˣҪɱ
ءһ
һĳȺ䣬ʥնɣĥһ
Ԫ
ɫȻֱͦΣ˫Ų̤գֺʯĽʡĽ׽־׼˳
汾Դ
Դ
Դ
౾Դ
ĴԴĶʹǿ䳽ȫͬضһ㣬ɢ
¡
һǿƥ޵У̽ķѹĽϿֶ£Բɿռ䡣
𣿸ƣ
ԬȶƣһƷɣӡ裬һǺӹ£ûռ֮У֮
λñ䣡
һԽ£ʩչλ֮ǣԬľ־ϡ־߽Է
ʲôţ񣬶ơԬ̸оɾ񹥻ףϢϢȻƽλñ䡣
ʲôһ̣ɫ䣬û뵽λñ侹ȻʧЧˡ
д󼱣Ԭ־̫ǿˣСɵλñ޷Ӱ
¶ģսһҪλñгɣǱϣԼ޷ȡóɼһ
Ȼ룬ȴû˿ĳɡ
ལ⣡
񽣣
һɱУ󳽻ƶʩչˣҪƽԬһơ
ݣͣ
ལնԬһƽ⣬Ψпռռ䣬ԽʱգƽԬǰ
ǿռ佣Ԭɫһ䣬˵
ɫ䣬ٴʩչ񽣡
ꡱһ
ǺӶһǱ߽ˡ
ɶ񡣡Ԭʱɫɫѿ˼㣬˳ȥ
˻
һ̣˵Ŀ˳ϣǵһԬǺͻƵɶҪ𾪡
ͻǺƴɵԬȻˣ̫˼˰ɣ
һǴ˵еĿռԽ
ռԣ찡ǲʦܹȥһ˽ʦѾˣ㲻ǿ˰ɣ
ߣղûԬ˵𣿷ĻƾղŵһôܱԬ
˵⳽Թǽţһ㣬Ͳ˿Աġ
ˣҿһսʤȻܼѣ֪Ԭǻһûʩչ
ԣԬһбǺƸӿֲƷһʩչ޵УʦܶǶ֣ҲΪʲôܹΪҶһƵһ˵ĸԭ򡣡
ǰʩչһƷʵڿ£ֶΰ
˵ǣƷһԱذɡ
˶ڳԵǿȴΪܹԬΪ߻иӿֲֶλûʩչ
еƣ㣬ԬδҲ̫˰ɣϼһԾ
ǺǣһƵһˣôױϵģԬûһ汾£ҲռλôˡϼЦ˵
ǳԴǺΣաϼǵ
ԸеưɡϼĬĬĿų˵
ЩԻҲڶУɫһ
ԣҲˣԬһƷδʩչǲơԬЦ԰Ŀų˵ԣʵѾõҵϿɣֻҪ䣬ҴӦٺϼ棬ҾʹдһΣ
Ȼ㶼˵ˣǾͰƷʩչҿƵһ˵ʵֶΡޱ˵ʩչɡ
ߣԣǸҪǿʵ˵ܹһǱΪҶݳķϣô飬ԭ£Ԭɫһ˵Ҫˡ
ϻ̫ˡԵ
ãܺãȻˣҾԸʶһ£ԬǶôĿ¡ԬɫɭȻĵͷ˵
ɶСӣҪ㸶ۣԬŭˣҪɱԡ
¡һ
һɿֲİ׹ԬӿӨӨģͬ˱һ㣬ϲ񷡣
⻹ûн
ۡһ
һڹҼ𣬴ա
һһ٣ɫʹâɫʡ
â֮УԾҸо֮
ڹ֮׹֮֮
ѵ뵽һõԤС
ȻԬĴЦţ£һ˫ͫҲ˱仯һƬڣһƬ׹⣬ĹΣܹӰߵ־


819 
ԣȻ˿ռԲ벻ҳǳ֮ɣ
ԬͷϿվǳ˺ڰɫʵ֣ڰĿͬ棬Զ·Կ͸˵룬ưԵڷŭ裬죬һ־Ŀ⿴򳽻˵
ǳ֮֮ѾںϣתΪ֮Ҫѹңܹõںϣ֮⣬Ŀռûá
ھֵʱ򣬹ǲǺܺˣԬЦȫûнԿУ˵ԬдֻҪңٽӽϼҾͶһ棬Σ

ʱѾۼʮˣԽԽ࣬Ԭ⻰Ǿ
Ԭ¶Ҫ⳽ˣ򲻻˵Ļ
ٺ٣ǳԣ䣬αΪһŮ˿Ԭأ
ãûǸʵǸȥܣҲȻ
ҿ⳽Բ䣬ô˵ǽޣнǣ֪䣬Ҳսȥ
ֻˣǰ³
˵Ŀڳϣ۷׷ס
ϼϼŮǽŲѣǡ
ԬֺĿ˳һۣȻˣĿ䵽ϼϣ¶һŵ΢Цаվ֪Ԭǿģеĳԣֻһѡ
գ򳽻ԣмʵԣˣ
ÿǣ뿴֮жԵĵ
ãҵġԬԣɫȻܿһ֮·һ
һ
ֻƷȻһ֮ϯ˳ܲգһ֮ƣԵضһŹһ㡣
ˡһֻԬִηһɹ֮ɢչϢ
ۣ֮
ʱԬϱһɿµ֮ͬһĻ죬ͺһ㡣
һֻ̣Ԭһ࣬ԹЦ˫ֻƣ趯ӡɣƺңȴǼйɣһ֮ӡһ֮ӡصںһγӰգķ
ءһ
Ԭһ𣺡ԣ֮ӡ
ֻƺȻ򳽻ԣ֮ϯγһʮɵĺɫӡ򳽻ԡ
֮ӡ
̺Ϊ֮
治
Ԭʩչ˲䣬Ծչ˻治ֻȼգϯգŲȻƣͷƣͬ١
֮⣡
ûκεĳɣ˫˸ɫԣ貶ĿͬıʯϢĴ˫дԡ
գ
ۣۣ
ɲ֮䣬֮ʹ֮ӡС
ꡱһ
֮⾹Ȼ֮˲ɡ
ʲô
˲ɫ䣬齣ǰͬʱˡ
Ȼ͹ӡٶȡ
ءһ
ֻ֮ӡʵʵ齣ϣһɴ壬ƺһһѪ
ٺ٣㳢֮ӡԬǵѪճٺЦţᣬӡɳͬƶһ㡣
һ졣
ֻԱݺУػ㵹˳ȥ
ۡڵɳȥ˲䣬һѪֻɫ԰ףˡ
ԡϼϼöʱһɫǰ
ߡԬһһϼþȻϲһ֡
Сӣ֪Ԭ˰ɣԬӸµĸųԣһ˵ڸҹ䣬һǿԿˡߣһ˿ᣬ²ˡ
֮δҲ̫˰ɣɫֽ촽մѪв౾Դ޸ƣҲԬһƵ˺
ңԬѾ˵ˡ
Լںֻʩչ֮֮ӡδںϣںϵĻֱǲ
һ̣ԲŷԼȻ޷Ԭˡ
ȻԬʵѾдﵽǿߵĵز
ȲΣʵԴﵽ
ɾ;ŽʦǿߣǾǷëǵĴڡ
ԬǽںϣŴﵽȳ̶ȡ
֪ԷΪ򵥣ҲΪԡ
ΣȻѶ֮ϣҪûо츳Ǻɹġ
ѵģɾܹһ֣Ѿʮѵãƾţܹ֣ҽ֮ںϣǾţ콾Ĵڡ
һ㣬Զв硣
桢ࡢ磬һ֣Ȼ֡һ֣һ֣֮Уֻǽ硢ȻںϣֻгɣϣƷϣ޷ԬȽϡ
ңˣ໥ˣ磺ڰԬеһ֡
͵ļĿ£ںһ𣬸ǵߵǬ
ԣںϵķԬͬһΡ
ӡʩչĻԾˣǵĽ֡
ԾԲ䡣
ǽޣһ׷󽣵۷Ľߡ
ϣм͵־һǰ;һеľ񣬻аȻĽǣأǧ磬һԬǸ߽ʦǰҲó䡣
ǽߵľ
η޾塣


820 Դг
ǾУվ
ܺãҵġԬɫѿޱȣһ˫ͫУ˸ɱ
Ҫɱԡ
ȴǹһ˿Ц⣬˫ͬʱӶ仯ͬʱ򳽻ԣڰɫâ򳽻ԡ
һ
Ա׷˳ȥһѪ
һֻ̣Ԭ򳽻ԣһϷ֮ɫ˵ģһúĥġ
ءһ
һ˳ǰ飬¶ǼƷױ׳
ƷױףԬһЦм˵˵ôǿķԭǴһƷױףҲˣ´ܶޣҲǵ˱˵˰ɡ
ױ׻壬Ҿ˲㣬ǿɾʹشˡ
ԬĿ⣬ͷ·è׽һ㣬ϷŪ֮⣬˵Ҿ֪Ŀ¡
ˣˣ
ֻ̧˫ƣͬʱڰɫâЯ߿µӡʵʵĴ˳ϡ
ء֮֮ͬʱע˳ڡ
ԲɵƵĲҽһȫѪ·ڱҰ޿ʳһ㣬Ѫҫȣ类ȵ̫ҫƤǸֳѪɫѪ
ųŤӣԬʹĴЦ
˻
˼ˣǵһ
ԬδҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ֶҲĲżŤգѪƤ͸о飬ܹһ޵оŽʦĴڣҽʹ󣬻ԼĻѾʹȥˡ
뵽˿򳽻ԵĿ⣬һ˿֮ɫ
⳽̫ˡ
ǰԬֶκεײУҵĻѾڷˡ
⳽һͿˣҲҵģϾԬѾĻᣬԼġ
˾Ϊǣ˶ޣΪԼһ޵УԬ˭ǿǳҶѾõǿߣռһƵһ˵λѾ֮ã׷ϣƺţҲǱһһܣ⳽Բ½ĽɫѣԬĶ֣
ҶݽһƣԱϿɣܶޣǱΪͣҲǰ֮г߸ѡ
Ƕ޵ʵǿҲڽһǷŴΧǧһǰʮˣԬǶǰʮǶ޿ԱģԴܸԬԩ
һЩ߶дţԵͬʱҲΪǿ
ԬЩ͸ӵĹЦˡ
ԡϼϼжŭ𣬿ųԶǽǰȴԬԪϣ档
ȿȿȡϣֽв౾Դ޸壬ڴ˿ܵˣҲ޷ڶʱ޸һԣһһڵѪϢ˥ˡ
Ȼ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ô£
Ծ㵵ĸо౾ԴȻĥ֮֮ȻԴʳɣȻһһ׳ļ
Сӣ֪˰ɣϧûлˡԬЦ˿̵ĳУϣһһƽٴķɳȥһѪҽд
ųԵĲҽԬ͸Ӹˡ
ȴ˷ˡ
棬Դ֮׳Ծϲ֣ԼҵԴͻгɵǾǽסԬԴﵽг֮һԼδⲻԺһ
ֻǼѵվ𣬿ԬǹЦ
⳽ɵ˲ɣͷ˻˼Ц
ҿǵʧķˣ
ϧһţ꼻һְ
˼˶ϧѣҡͷ̾Ϣ
ԬҲôΪЦٿųģ͸оڳԼֱðɣŭӳԣʵЦʲô
һЦĿƵĶԬ˵Цһ㱾ҲǰţбʩչƣҺΣ
ԣԬĲѪڲָԣݺݵ˵ãܺãҽʶһƵ֪Լжô֪
ءһ
׵ģڰ֮Ԭӿͬһ㣬
һ׹⡢һڹ⣬ͬһѶϣͬﳤҡһ㡣
ƣ
Ԭ˰УԵ棬쳤ںϣγһ֮ˮ齻ڣһĻ
ڹ⽻һаɴӡδ򳽻ԣǿµϢѾ簵һ򳽻ԡ
䣡
ض·𱻴һ
ӡһɫ䣬׵罻ӣƹһµĻķ
ۡ
֮ƽﳤһĹֲ˼㡣
ɡԬЦ·Ѿһˡ

Ⱪҵľ֮УԴһ˫ַɣһɫѾȻֶǿµ̱ɽȥ
һӿڣѪڣһѪҪ⣬Ѿ׼̴߹ԴͲ౾Դڻһ˿౾Դ֮Դ֮
Ͼ
ԣ֮ɣûгų
࣡࣡
һᣬӡͱɵһɶ
ֻǣԬȻûʶһ㣬֪ܹգԻǿƵֵʱĹЦСӣֵ𣿡


821 
أأأ
һ˲䣬һ̺ӡԬķɳȥ˺ģҪԳĨɱ
̫ˣԬҪúлл㰡ͷ·ǽԴͷһ㣬Զݽߣɵоǿڽ˼ˡ
ʧ֪Ǹ
Ԭû뵽ҪɱԼȴԼ˼¡
ȴûпǿȡᣬ޲ýԬڵӡȫɡ
ԬɲǱܿʶ˲Ծ˵Ӧһ²ŶԣȴоϵϢȴԽԽǿɭɭȻɲʮֵĿ£¶һ˿ɫ˵⡭ô£ô
ȻоԼڵڷʧ
ԬһջƷ˳ȥ
ֻԱ𣬺ڷ裬ͬһĲ۵ƣаԵƣ۾ˣͻ貵ĺڱʯһ㣬ǣõԬһѹȸС
ɶô£Ԭŭ
Ԭлл㡣ɣɫȻĿԬ˵
лҸʲôԬһԤУɫѿʵ
ôƹҵԴҲôͻгɣ˵ǲӦúúллǡЦĵ
ˡһ
һɿµԴӳڳһƬֶ£һ㣬йӰ趯ޱȡ
ʲôԬԶʱʧɫĻһϲָԺ˵㾹Ȼ
ǺǣһܺõĥʯȻҪúһԵԼ𣿡Ц
ɶĳԣҪɱ㡣Ԭһ趯˫ƣɱ򳽻ԡ
֮ǰɱңɱҡԵĵ

񱩵Ԭдһһһһ
ˡһ
һͼĳͷϿգϣڰɢֲ
ٱͼѹԬĿ𣬱ǳ˫ſϣ֮ƣһ㣬¡һֻ͵һƣߵһ㣬϶³ųͷѹȥ
ʱһڳԵͷȾ
ָоǳ
һ̣Ծǻһ飬ڰȸӶ֮䵴ܹӰľ硣
ֻһѡ
ԴгɣͲŻܹԬһ̣
Դ
һͬԳ棬һƬڰͳ˳ͷϿգ罻֯죬顢ʬõȵﶼ֣ɭֲ
¡һ
Ƭռų齣趯ʱƯƣͬ鵺һ㡣
ռ䣡
ԴͻгɣԶγɵĿռ䣬硣
ۡ
ֻͼѹռϣһƬը֯Դñ֮ÿƣû뵽ǣռ侹Ȼܹ֮׳֮
Լ˴ϲԴгɣûڴܹԬϾԷʵ̫ǿˣ˵ǰ벽ǿߡ
ԣֻǽֵܹͿԡ
Ҫġ
ԬȴɫޱȣţԼͼľȻ޷ѹֱ޷š
Ԭ㻹ʲôֶξͶʩչɡͦΣڷƣޱȵԬЦ

˻һʱ˻ȻĿɿڴ
찡ȻԬĵƣİɣ
̫ˣ⳽Ѿֻʣ°ˣû뵽ȻסԬĹ
̫ˡ
Ͽյĳԣ˶𾪣š
ߣЩĿ֮ôóеİ
ȻһֻȺ˳òǷʳΪ֮ˡ
˵ˣĿ࣬ͭɫɢһǿĴϢ
˭оǿӡɻʵ
찡ǵɷڵסڵڷͷʢŵӷ衣ʱмʶ˾׺˿ɶ޵оŽʦεǿߣҶݲμǱԡ
Ƿ֮ǰ֮һĳӵȴǲһЩ۾Ǳܾ˿ģ˵ӦǱܴǣ˭֪Ȼͻȭ·һ·߸裬ΪͽڽͻƾŽʦΪܹͳӵ档
ŶҲȭŰ
סͷ˳ܶʱһƬۡ
ԺԬҲע⵽ˡ
Ŀ䵽ϣ΢΢죬û뵽֮ͣھȻﵽ˾Žʦ
ٶȣԼֺ
Ƕݽڳ˵ţȻڱԼնһֱ֮󣬲û٣Խϣﲻز
˵Ļʮ֮˾ѾǷϵΪˡ
ȴûС
һ㣬Զò
һ;Ҫ츳־ʦʦʦ󾳽磬־Ҫ󣬸ǿ̡
ȻһأԽչ١
ͬʱҲ򳽻ԡ
һ˿죬ȻѾ˵˹ڳԽ֮¼ۼԬս൱ʱ򣬻е𺧡
ԬǿǶһƵһ˰
ܹȼ棬Ѿ֤˳Եǿվ˶һ۷С
⣬ڶݣ޵оŽʦѾ߲ˡ
ǿߣһûһˡ
ûǿ߼ľŽʦڣ費֪Щһ˵˳ʵǿ


822 Ȼϵ
׺Ҳһ˿𾪣ԬͳڳһսҲֻ֣ΪǿԾͷʢҲܺԬ棬ڿѾǵԤϡ
Ӧ˵ǳ˺ܶԤϡ
׽ĿӳƿŲԬϣǹһ˿΢Ц
һ֪Ԭ˵ͷˡ
ʵ࣬˭Ҳκβ˭ܹԬԱȻǸޱȣֻЦǺǵ˵ңգԬ棬ֻû뵽վȻһ˽ʦκβˣҴ۽簡
ԭԬµĿԼͷŭȼգɫѿ˼㡣
⻰ףȻôб£Ϊ㲻һսа룬⳽̫죬ȻܹԼͻƣԼҲκβȥ
㡭һɫʱһȵĻϢɢܿһЦ˵ôԬҺλֵĹϵҪ֪Ƕ˿ԩ޳𰡣ǱڼǻҪ飬һ¶úá
ߡԬһЩмƲƲұȾֱ˵
ҲŲԬĵء׹Ц
̫ƻˣȻϵˣԬһѾûаմܳԣȻҲ򲻰Լ˵ֱһ裬ϾǳѾõ
һսʲôûеõƽ˳Ե
˵ݴܶ޵Ϣö籣ֻɵĻôԼһսȴƽ֣ʵ࣬ҲΪʵĶһһˡ
ԬԸġ
ԣ׺ͳԵĹϵ֮
ֻû뵽׾Ȼϵʵһӵ
ŷʱԬ۾ȴһٺЦ裬ǵֱ۾ǳԿϵģĪ㲻Žձ𣿡
ɫһѿû뵽ԬȻἰ飬ֱǳĴԼ
Ҳ֪ԼԬĲ࣬΢΢һЦ˵֮һο֪Ķ֣Ԭ־ͲҪ˵ˡεǻۣȻֻԬüȻĵҾǳԵĶ֣Ҳ֡
ΪǱҲᱻȥǹӡ
ŶԬ΢΢ЩʧĿ䵽ϣЦ֣ʦܷ޷ֻյĳޣʦֵˣѵӦðֻ𣿡
ҶԳֵǺȤģЦǺǵĵ˵еǰǻҪһֱҵĺãԼ˲ʲôбȥݡݡݺݵ˴ܣҶ档
Ԭɫһͣû뵽Ҳ˵ʵߣȴֻЦ˵˵
˵գתͷ򳽻ԣȻ˵ԣղҲֶֺ˵ĻˣǱڼӦֲŶԣ򶷣ԽⳡԾ͵ΪֹɣղμǱٷʤ
ʱ㡣Ц
һսҲûбʤİգοԴͻгɣδȹ̣ɲϣսȥ±Ծͬˡ
Ͼɶڶ˵һ̨ס
ãټԬĿһ۳ԣһƽ˵
ৡһ
ֻͷҲصĽȥˡ

ˣ˶һʵţԬƢȻĽ飬һ˵Դˣκεë
ֱǲţԬ磿
ǰǳŰ裬κɣģưոݣû뵽Ȼ⳽һ
ߣûղһĻԬò³ԣԲڣΪƢԣʹ˰𣿡
԰˵⳽ѾԬһȼˣ
˵ˣȻֻǰ˽ʦΪʵȴӹɣѹܹ۷ˣܶޡ
찡˽ʦȴӵ޵оŽʦʵ󡣡
츳ױȰ
˶̾һ𾪵ĿųԣǽҲǺһԳԻֻ̬ȡ
ȴǳˡ
һĻУʮ⡣
ڣѾʵĶһ۷ˡ
㣬ıԬˣϼɴ۾ʵ
šϼͷһ˫峺˸ɫʡ
찡̫ˣֱĽѡϼһ̾˵
ϼϼ⻰ʱ糺죬ݺݵ˵ϼ˵ʲôأ
Ϲ˵ġϼҲ˳ͷ˵ԴҽĻ治⡣
ߣ˵ˡϼߺ
û°ɣǰʵ
û¡ϼ˳һۣͷ˵
ϼһ£ȴû˵
ǽȥɡԿ˽绨ϼһۣͷҡͷȻ˵
áϼͷ
ϼ֪ҶЩ֣ʵ
㲻֪𣿡ϼ¶ʵ
֪ҡͷ˵˵һ°ɣҲ˽һЩҶݵ
ŶõġϼͷоܿģĵΪԽܵǶˮ׼ȻݣڸҲ˲ǿߣ޵оŽʦξв٣ʮˣػڵķ졢ħŵǬŵơ޽ڵĶ°졢ҷڵķȱڵĶ顢нڵľ죬ڵ졢ڵѩǱϼŵķˣղ׺Ҳǡ


823 
˵ʮˣһ˭ʵ
㲻᲻֪һĵһ˭ɣϼ˼ʵ
˵ˣһ治֪ԺƤЦ
ϼһ˵һ˾塣
壿һ£˵ҵ˵ź
ֹһǰѾ޵оŽʦǿˣţҶһУΨһһлǿ߲εˡϼģֻܿЦ˵
ϼѵҶûǿ߲εľŽʦɻʵ
ݲν󣬶ֱߣңң֪ǧǧȻһǿ߲εľŽʦûУʵЩó⡣
ûСȻԺɻ󣬵ϼǺܿ϶˵ǰǱҶȷʵǿ߾Žʦǰ쿪ʼҶݾҲûгֹǿ߲εľŽʦ
Ϊǰ춼ûнǰ½Եʡ˵
ԭ򡣡ϼ˵ԶݸŸɶһǱԣڿҲû˿ϣˡ
ԣĬ֮С
һûвμǱԣΪûǸʵ
Ҳ˵˶ݲδǱȡǰĳɼֻû뵽ٵȻϾ
ںܶŶڰ׼һһǱҲδǰĻͻǨݣ뷽ͨ硣
ϼص˵ΪһδǰǶͻἱ½ﵽϹ͵㣬ʱͲԶҲ½ʱ˵ǿˣ޵вεľŽʦҲ֡
˻ԲﵹһĻǶݿ¾Ͳˡ
ǲ룡
Ϊ߲ڶǾֻȥݣݵԴѾϷָɾŽ룬Ҫ棬ͱҪԴ֧š
Դֻȥȥ
һ½Ȼҡ
ʱ½ľ
˫ȭսܹͻƾŽʦĻԾӵǿߵʵ
һҲԼΪһ¡
ԣֻа˽ʦΪ
㣬˵ôأϼһ󾪺ʵ
šϼͷ˵Ҳ˵ĸء
һ˵ЩܹıģҪľǿԼʵ
ϼ˳һۣԭ˵ҲǶݵϣ˵ȴǲһˣ㲻Ҫȥ̻ɡ
áԵͷ
󣬳˾ȥ̻Ṻ貼þĲϡ
һȥ߰Ʒʯ´ϣֻȴǲ쾧ʯ׾ֻҪϡ
쾧ʯһֿռԲϣȶռá
׾˫ԲϣһֻҽУܵãʮѵá
ճұ޸Уûҵ
ԣôҵûУϼʵ
ûСҡͷ˵ֻȥˡ
޸Ҷ̻УﶼûеĻطҲҵϼ˵
ԣɫһ
Դ磬Ƕݵһڣ˵ҪĲϡϼȻ°˵
ϼ˵ĺܶԣǶΪԶţǴϹʱ򴫳ģȻղؼˣ˵гҪĶϼ˵
ĻֻܻˡԳһ£˵ȻˣϼϼǾʹ˱ɡ
ټһ·ءϼɫһͣЩ˸еĵ
ټ΢΢֣뿪޸ǡ
㣬𣿡ϼС˵ϲԴĻ׷ȥɡ
ˣ߰ɡϼһ۳ȥӰҡͷ˵

ڡ
ɽסС
쾧ʯ׾Ǻʵ
ԣ֪ڿԵͷʵ
ԣó̸ϳѧϰ󷨣ô˶þ󣿡ʵ
֪Ե¼ΪǺӡϺͶϼûϷԳƣΪѾԵƽ֮˶Դ
ף񳽻˽ܣΪʦ嶤ϵ顣
ǽɾ͸߽ʦҲδûܡ
Ҫһ㣬ҲڻҪһ
ǡԵ
ţҳἰóһл۸һţһ˰̾һ䣬ɻʵֻͷһʣ쾧ʯ͵׾һĲϣþǷЩСˣ
ϡϣʵСд˶ܹþʮԹ˵
ʲô
һ⻰Ǻ˶һЩվ
˶ʦܣ˵ˣæѹͷ𾪣ʵԣ˵ʲôʮôܣ
ǰڵĸ߼Ҳʮѡǿѹͷʵ
λϣʵǰãСѾʮĳ̶ȡﲻ˵ĵ
ԣǺ˶˴жǾȡ
ԣ˵ģüʵ
Ե
ʮ󣬲Ҳ룬쾧ʯ͵׾Ҳ޷Ѿʮɣϲʦܣھʵ˹ؼ
쾧ʯǿռԲϣ׾˫ԲϣȻ󣬵ﲻȵزϳ˵


824 Ѱ쾧ʯ
˵Ĳ쾧ʯ͵׾ȷʵܡԵ
Ϊܹʮɻʵ
Ϲ飿һ˵õһϹ飬ҲΪİó϶һġ
ԣǺӺʹ϶˶򳽻ԡ
ǡһǴ󵨳ϵȻѾ֪ˣǾ賽Զ˵ˡ
ԭˣȷʵûа취ϹδҲûа취΢΢ʣ̧ͷ򳽻ԣ˵ԣģȻܹõϹϿɣǾʹд˵ˣģǲϹ齻ġ
ǺӺʹ϶ͷ˵
ҾͷˡԹһЦ˵ȷʵе㵣Ǻ˲ݣԼȡϻãԼҪ֮УǺھѣֻû뵽ˡ
СӣĪǾϷҪǿϹ鲻ɣǺǺεȵľһ⻰ˣЦ
ǺǡԺǺһЦ˼ӡ
ˡǺ΢΢֣Ц˵ԣʵ㣬ȷʵе׾ֻ쾧ʯȴûС
ǵ׾ȥҲͷ˵ֻ쾧ʯҪ취ˡ
ڶû쾧ʯ΢΢Щ˵
ߣΪ쾧ʯѰ֮ǿǿռԵĲϣƴĿʯҪ󡣡ϼԻԼƭ˵
඼Ϲ֮ʱģǷֿʯҲǼ٣˵ȿʯ쾧ʯˡϵͷ˵
쾧ʯǿûа취Լ취ǺЦ
ðɡεĵͷ
һ£ȥ˰ѵ׾͵塣Ǻ˵
ϡϣǿ֪쾧ʯüʵ
֪Ǻһۣҡͷ
ˣ˲֪Щδز֪ǵǿ԰ʡϺȻ˵
ɻ󣬴˵ڻչ̫ϳϣһʱ伸߰˰꣬˵֪쾧ʯϢҲ̫ϣ
лϡԣְݵλϷģֻҪڲӣӶȻڡ
⻰Ѿ˵ĹˣǺӡϺͶȻס
ֻҪڶԵ𳽻ԣǳԶȻڡ
ã仰ҲͰˣȻȥϢɡ͵Ŀų˵
ǺӺͶҲ⡣
ǵӾ͸ˡ˿˵
壡
ó̻ںоϸڡ
Իæʵ磬ôˣû쾧ʯ͵׾
׾ȻУֻ쾧ʯеĻʺС˵
ų˵ˣȷʵе׾ֻ쾧ʯȴûСǸȻĿã˵С̣Բסˡ
磬û쾧ʯһԲþֻЧһ㣬ܹʮҡ̼ģæһЦ˵Ժ쾧ʯٲʮľҲ١
µҲֻˡ̾˵ռԵĲϱѵãǧһȻǶݵһڣûд˵ȲϣҲ֡
ط᲻Уʵ
طϿЦҡͷ˵Ϸ꣬δſռԵĲϣҲڡ
ݣԿЦ
ΪǱ֮ǰþԱúͿϵˡԼԱǿʵ
ݣڣҲѰ
ֻˣͷ̾
ԣСһˣй쾧ʯϢʱǺӵڳԶ
ãϾ۾һæ˵С̣˵쾧ʯϢȺųϢһ¡
õġ̸˵
ɣϾɲĵ
ųϣ֪쾧ʯԼʵ
Ҳֻǲ²⣬Ȼ֪ȥɡ˵
áԵͷ߳壬һСݶȥ
ܿ죬͵Сݡ
߽ȥֻϺͶ϶ڡ
ԣǵ׾ȥɡǺ׳һɫӣ˶˵ѾѰ̫ϳϣһλ̫ϳ֪쾧ʯҲֻ˵ѣϢǷȷȴ֪
δԽӹʵ
ӹȡǺӵ
Իδ˵طɻ
ӹҶݺݵĽ紦ɽӹȲҶݵĽأҲ½Ľ֮һϹ֮أħ½֮ʱҲУһߣʮաǺ˵λ̫ϳҸ㣬òýȥУΪǾŽʦҲһ
ͷһû뵽ӹȾȻ쾧ʯټ
һΪڵȻ½һЩ֪һ
ӹȾ֮һ
ʵϣţоŽ۷ʦܣΪѰͻʦĽޣӹȣһ
һ֮ء
üͷ壬зѡ
Ȼ¾ѪӣСѾͷˡ
ʲôһû뵽Ȼʱ
ӣڳˡʱڳԺһ۵
ʶһɨӡԾͼӡվһСѾͷߣСӣཱུСѣʮֵĿɰ
ϴһ·ʲôʵġ
۾ٿȻһоһɺǴĿռ֮Լľ񽣻ҪվȻԼʶһֿռ䲨ĸо
ϵϢȻļɡ


825 ӹ
óԶһû뵽һܹΣһļڣ൱߳׵ʦʵǲ˼顣
ӣ԰ӹȡĵ
ģԴϲʵ
ǵȻˣĿǿռ˵½Ψһһֻռأһ˵ļнӹȵķǿԵġ
̫ˡʮָˣû뵽һаԼĵطռ޾ǲһ޿ɱȡ
СѾͷǿɰģԺ޲ñһڡ
ԣӹΣޱȣȥʮʮȻ󣬵ɲҪԼЦϾ츳ŵ֧£ǻ˶ٹܹͻʦġǺĳĵ
ǰϺͶ϶ͷ˵
ģûаգǲӹȵġ֣˵
ϣˡǺȻԲδģ֪Լֹֻܵͷ˵ˣǱʱ䣬Ҫǰ½һѡҪ׼
ѡԳһʵʲôҪ󣿡
Ǻǣģʵ׾پܹȡʸ񡣡ЦǺǵڱڣδʮľŽʦҲв٣ֻʮֻܽһȷ
ֻʮһҲ̫˰ɣ
ǺǣǷ̫ˣǺЦǺʵ
ǡԵ
Ƽ٣Ҷϰٸţȥһ𣬾ͲˡЦοⵥֻǶݣܣ͸࣬ˡ
ԣȴʵǳһ뵽½֮ôǿҲ֡
Ǻǣ㲻ΪˣܹμǱɣǺʵ
ѵ򣿡ʵ
Ȼ֪ǺƲƲ죬˵
˵ˡ︹һ䣬ȴǹ˵л֪
ˣȥɡǺӰ
󣬳Ծ뿪Сݣص壬ǰӹȡ
գոգ̿
뿪ڣǰӹȡ
ȥˡСڣǺоâ˸˵
治𣿡üʵ
ãӹȷʵΣգ˵ʮΪ̫ܣҲ͸ľһŴ˵ˡϺ׷ͯգ֮
һҲͬǺ׵
ðɡϵͷҲ뿴Եк˳֮жǿ

ӹȡ
۴ǲ󣬱ػɳǿľƬ֮䣬սʿ
ûκ
һӹȹȻ鴫½յء
ԶһѾɺԵĺӴѷ죬֩Ȯһ㡣
˳źӴϣһʱ󣬳һƬǹֵĵطǸӲɽаףߵǧףˮ৵ĺۼȻԭӵķԴ֮أѾɺˡ
İݺᡢǧĺӹȣԷපߣһƬɢϢ
ʶ޷̽⣡
Ȼɫһ䣬û뵽ҲϹܾһ·ڣӹȣʶ޷̽⣬ǻ߿ռһ㡣
ӡУ̷ɳһӰǿɰޱȵ
һʯӣһ˫ںڷ۾תţģϲ
ৡһ¡
ƮƮ䵽ԼͷǰĺӹȣգŴ۾ʵӣӹȣ
ţ㿴ʲôûУԵͷʵ
ɵĵͷһ˫ںڴ۾ӣǸֳʯʵĹԣһȦȦɢ·еӹȷһЩ仯ռ·ˮһ㵴ɢռϢ
һ̣ҲоϵĿռ
𾪣ռȻԼĿռȻǿ󣬸Ӵ⡣
һϲӹ֮дһЩԼ벻ľϲ
ͬʱҲ𾪣ŸճļףʦΪռͬǿǴﵽԼȾ磬ռжǿ󣿳Բ
Ҳʮָˡ
ڿռҲ֪ھһֱǲҪ죬Сɾ磬޷ͻгɡ
ٶȣʵóԱ
ߣҲԼԿռԵ
ȻҲо˿ռʵ
ǻ޵ĻһС
½Ҳֻǿռˡ
ӣкǿĿռϢеΣյĶ˵
ܹʹʶԾϲʵ
ԡ˳һۣ˵ӣǿռԵʣϼܹסҵġ
ðɣȻˣ·˵
ǵȻ˭뵽ȴӦ˵Ӹ߰ɡ
ৡһ¡
ֻ䵽ϣֵıĵ档
ǺǡԼһЦСʱóҲ֣ı
ܿ죬Ժ߽ӹȡ
Ȼ޷ʶȴܹĸо̺ǿĿռ
ڹ֮䣬ѵɽҲӿռ
ҪѰҵ쾧ʯһǴЩ̺ռ֮еɽʯе
ҲֻĻſ쾧ʯ
쾧ʯҪ󼫸ߣӹΧȻ޷
һյʱ䣬ӹǧ
ɽҲԽԽߣԽԽΰռϢŨҲԽԽǿܹĸоռԼָĸо
˵ǣûκΣա


826 ͻƼ
ǰԸоǿҵĿռѹȸУǰգȻ˿ռ䲨ƣͬǧһ㡣
ǿĿռ
¶˾̾ҲԽ衣
ӣǿܽӹˡٱı䵽˳ԼͷС˵
ʯৣˮǧ򣬸ɸɾ¶ʯңɢӨӨɫʣھȻ̺ŨҵĿռ
ʯ쾧ʯ
ţҲǧȥʯδزܽ쾧ʯ
ˣ԰βסһϲ
Ҳ쾧ʯҲ˵
һյʱȥһǧ𣬻ɽһĺӹȱʯǰ
ӹ·ߣλãһʮɴСĺӹȣ·֮ſ³޾ĿռϢʯܲӿݣÿһʯͷ㶼һıʣɢӨɫ
СѾͷ·ɫһ޶ֻǰߵɫʸ
ӣоΣϢָӹ˵
Σգͽӡһ˵һ֣߳齣ֳŷӡ׼߽ʯߡ
õġ۾һתĵͷʵǿյأԱʵûУȻӡΨһѡ
߽ʯߣȥʯʯʯ̣ʮɫۼ˼ɾ
ڲһ޴ܶ
ͻȻв̤
ʲô
죬һֻһξʯڲ˳ããһСͬսʿһ㡣
ξʯϣԸоһǿĿռ
ɫһ䣬û뵽ӹ֮
ξʯȻ˵ֻӵһЩʶһ˫ʯۣ֮ɢɫâ򳽻Դе⡣
ˡһ
ֻǰռһʯȭĺ򳽻ԡ
ϣԸоΪһȭǲͨŽʦһ
ৡһ¡
齣һɨꡱһͽξ롣
ףǡĿһɨڵϾǷһŽлƶСľʯоĿռһ󣬡ۡһһɫڣʱоڿռһ֡
ѵǿռԾϲ֣
ӣӦɿռɵ塣˵
ԵͷȻɫһ䣬ֻһ߾ξʯڲ˳ûκμ򳽻Է
ÿһξʯͨŽʦʵһЩм޾Žʦʵ
ǲѧֻͨǵÿһȭÿһȣ̺˿ռܣóһһȺ޵оŽʦǿߵĸо
񽣣
Σֵ£Բûк£Ǹе˷ܡ
ֱռĴʱ
ְװĻᣬǵռݻ񽣣һξʯľͱԽսԽǿơ
ʮξʯǿƥԳԣȴǲһ
֮䣬ͱԻ
ˡڿռԪڣͻгɵļ
ԽԽ˷ܣ˵õúãֱռĴ֮أò˰£ҾͿԽͻгˡ
񽣵ӹɵģܹͻгɵĻǾǿóԳΪǿ߾Žʦ֮£һˡ
ֻ룬;˷ܡ
һƬԺʯߡ
ֻ涼һƬʯھӨһˮ硣
ʬ
߽ʯߣԾͷֵʬ
ȻʬѾȥÿһʬǶǹɢǿϢֻǷߣԷʬǰٶǳʦܣнʦܵĳ̶ȡ
Խ룬ԾǷһʬɢǿϢʬ嶼δ࣬ɢϢóɫ䡣
߽ʦܣ
ԾȻи߽ʦ̫˼ˡ
ͷ­üģһԲ㡣
˿߽ʦܾȻǱһָĹͷ­ڷ
𺧣ǺεȹȻܹø߽ʦܶ޷ֵ
ͷԽСġ
ԵСѾͷһŵץųԵͷ۾ǰһԲ
棬һΣ֮
һСģпҪԼ
һ㣬ޱȫϢһ߽ȥ
̤̤̤̤
ʱһֻ̤ξʯ˳ӶȭţҪɱԡ
һεξʯȻʮȻǼޣ޵оŽʦĴڡ
ˣҲҴ⣬ֱӶʯˡ
¡һ
ʯ˳Ժʯڲ
һնӹϢ
ۡ
Щξʯûκηɱ
һſžʯգռͬ׳С磬
ԾҲԽԽ
δóԽͻгɡ
ЩʧѶȺܴô׾ͻгɣҲŵڣǧɹˡ
գƽϢ飬롣
ξʯҲԽԽǳ˿ʦǿߡ
ÿһξʯǿռƿţǷ·ǿռ˼Ĵˣһȭһ֮䣬пռĺۼʮֵİռ䣬趯Ŀռʮּ̣Ȼ޷ơ
ĻѾһռѷˡ
ȻҲӹȵİط
ͬʱҲ˽⣬ΪдͽʦЩξʯ࣬ʦܣʮξʯҲֻڷ³ֻнʦֵܹܲһ
ʯֵܹΪʯ˵ķʮǿнʦܡ
ԣЩξʯ޷ֵ


827 վ
ڣнʦܵξʯˡ
ߣԲӲӣ˫֮
ءһ
ֻǼ򵥵һȭͽʯ˺˳ȥ
ǿ
һû뵽ξʯǿԼֵĻѾһȭ֮ˡ
Կɲʹη
Ԫ
籩
ལ⣡
һʩչɱУԲʯնξʯ
飡
һ죬Ծͱ˳ȥءһͬɽײһ㣬ݺˤ˵ϡ
ۡʯеĳһѪɫ԰ޱȡ
䣡
䣡
¡𣬵ֻߴξʯһŲ򳽻ԣҪһŲ
¾ѪԴһ׳ӡ
ˡһ
ֻһħϯ࣬ɽӵ¾Ѫξʯǰ
һȭ
žһħһ㣬ξʯϣʱܼ֮˲ͱ
ӣû°ɡ¾Ѫæǰʵ
û¡ĨȥѪк£ξʯ̫ǿˣû¾ѪĻԼﲻɡ
ӣǻȥ𣿡Щµʵ
̫Σ˹ӡ¾Ѫ˵нʦܵξʯûмŹӹȵĿֲ˵Ļħǿ߽룬Ҳֻ·һķݶοԼ
ңҲϣԽ롣
Ϊ뿪½Ψһᣬɲ
УҸоһ쾧ʯһҪõԶȻ˵ӡ
ԣСѾͷȥӡʮּ̣޼᲻ݣһʲôϹпϹ֮ʱ½ǿģѾԽϹ¾Ѫæ˵ΣգǾ̽ӡ
Ͱ˵һ㱣ϣûоܾɡ
ǹҪСİѾֻͬ⣬ӡ
ߡƾʯ˺¾ѪУһվ
ûһ߿нʦܵξʯ
ȻξʯģǼΪ̵֣˵ʦܵξʯ͸Ӻ
ȥĸ߽ʦܣԿԿ϶ξʯϣһǿڵС
룬ʯԽĹͬˮһ㡣
棬ԽԽມǣоǻħܵʬ塣
˵٣мܽӹȣħܶ٣ϧûһѣȫ
ʲô
ȻǰҰӳߵһ޴ľ壬СݰС
ھ޴ı㣬һһŵľʯ
ģͬһ㡣
쾧ʯ
⾧ʯǳԿѰҵ쾧ʯϰٿ֮ࡣ
ó˷ܲѡ
ৡһ¡
û˿ĳɣȡ쾧ʯʮּԼô쾧ʯøС̵Ļ϶˵Ĳˡ
ˡڳȡ쾧ʯʱǾ޴ȻɢһȦʢĿռ䲨ơ
أأ
Ժ¾Ѫûκηı˳ȥۡһһѪ
ӣߡ
¾Ѫɫ䣬˻˫趯Ħӡ䡱һ˳ȥһ𳽻Ծͳȥ
ħСһСߵ𣿡
һ˲䣬һ˷糱ˮһ볽Ժ¾Ѫ˵ĶС
أأ
Ժ¾Ѫ̵˵ϣѪ
һֻ̣Ǿ޴ʢͬһҫãһ㡣
һǿƥĿռͬˮһ
䣡䣡
Ժ¾ѪûκεķͱѹãȳѪ
ɶ񡣡ߵ˼㣬һǰܵ˲ʣûп˭Ѿûзˡ
ͬʱҲ¾Ѫʵʵڵװħۣ൱ʦܣɾĸħۣȻռû˿ķ޹ֺôнʦˡ
¾ѪҲǾµ˼㡣
ҲޱȣΪʲôԼֹԣ
ﰡ
ۣ
ȻԺ¾Ѫ޷ֵǿռѹóԸоҪ֫һ㣬˺ѷΰʹ
͡װħۣϹʱħսУû¾Ѫڴ˿ȴͬһ㣬ðħѪȾؿռ䡣
þʣǱҪġ
һԴֻ̰Ժ¾Ѫûзֱ𣬷·𱻿ռסһ㡣
ʯˣ
Ժ¾Ѫ𾪵Ŀǰľ޴壬ֻ棬һξ壬ֻξȴǾ߱˵һʯ磬ͨ֫ٺ涼ǾӨĿռ
ٲֻһ˫׽ɫͫףӡӡԡ
ϣԸоһԼĲĿռһ仰ܹÿռ䲨ֲ˼㡣
쾧֮飿¾Ѫȫξ壬ʱɫ䣬ʧʶ쾧֮飬찡ôֶ
ţ½Ȼд˵е쾧֮ڣסĵͷȻ˵ˣΪʲôܽһܽҲ·һԭΪĴڡ
ħϣ˵Ĳξ崫˵ҵѾ۷״ֻ̬һͿ壬ѾҪȴϰ꣬ԼˣΪڱǰһ߸õ塣
˵֮䣬һ˫׽ͫ䵽˳ϣ˵ʮ飬ʺͽ־ﵽĽףʣںܾǰħ嶼ûмĺʣžǱ۳壬Ҳ޷ʡ
ԣˣˡξ忴ųԣƵĵھñĨȥʶռɡ


828 ξ
ˡ
һһɺ̲Ŀռ䲨ݳȫλ˳ϡ
ءһԵ屻ֿ˾޴ϡ
ӡ¾Ѫ𣬷˵ĻҲֻ·һ
ħϣ㡣ξ巢ǧռ⻡¾Ѫȫá
巢ЦñȴˣգǱ֮գʣ뿪½⡣
һ뵽˷֡
죬뿪
ԭڵһſ뿪˳ԣֻҪᣬͿ뿪ˡ
ˡһ
ռһɴǿƻĿռʼԵĴԡ
ʲôξʶ볽ԵԺʱһѤõĹâҫԼʶϣȻԼ
౾Դξ岻֪ȴ֪Ȼǲ౾Դ
Ȼξ巢𺧵ڳԺ𣬳˾ҲооϢ̷񶨣ⲻܣǴ˵еôڣһһʦСϣ
СȻԣԷǿռΪʱΪ
ξ쾧ʯĿռ壬ƿؿռ䱾Դ
ʱ䲻ռΪ
仰˼ǣʱأԿռΪ
һжһ⣬ǾǴ˵е
֮
һؽѹ
ԣξĿռҲ޷ֵ౾Դ
ֻһʵξ岻ţΪǴ˵еܳؼ䣬û뵽Լʵ޷ݡ
úúãʵ̫ˣСһĲֻСɶѣгɶ㲻ɣ˵ɣĲ޷ѹҵĿռξʮ˷ܵ˵ռʣͿӵвټҵĿռҿ֮䣬˭ҵĶ֣
ѹ
˻ڳԺֻɴɵĿռӿԵԺѹ
Ȼ౾Դͬնһ㣬ҫķôѹġ
𣡡
Դһ˵Ҹƴˡ
汾Դ
Դ
Դ
ɱĴԴԺȾһֿǿռ
ʲôĴԴúúãûñʧֻҪռ壬Դϵ£ΨҶ𰡣ξ˷ܳĵҿռѹ
䣡䣡䣡
һ˲䣬ɵĿռѹԵĴԴʱóԵԺͬһ㣬һţֻ۶ڱǶѪ·⵽شһ㡣
Ҫ𣬵ȴ޷·֣Ϣ
ֲ˼㣡
ûзȻǼ
ĴԴﵽгɣҲԺҵĴɿռԿϧСɣֻгɣҵĶ֡ξݺݵ˵һ£գֻбҳ궼ɱ
ξʮ˷ܣޱȡ
Ϊֻ죬Ϳ뿪ˡ
𡣡Է𣬼ʣһûУͨͨ
¾ѪĿҪԮȴΪ
ξЦʳԵʶꡣ
ȻʱһٻӰ
ϰʤѩһͷٵ˿һŰɴסǰƤȵòȻҲȥ
ڴŮϣɢһɼǿĿռΪȴֻǾŽʦ
һŽʦŮӳ˳ԣξ嶼ˡ
Ȼξ廹δʩչֶΣͼŮֻ裬ͬɾ赸һ㣬ˡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
һ·Ǵϴ£䵽޴ܣ첻ͣ
ɶŮˣҪɱ㡣ξʮֲʣǷĨɱԵʶ꣬ع鱾壬Ů˷

ξʶع޴ʱ򣬰Ů߳һŵ׹Ӿ޴ݳ𣬾ʯһɢϢǿƥǺξǿʶ޷
ա
Ů˫ʩ־һӡǷɳʱֻһƾĿռԴӾ޴֮гȡ
ξ巢˻ͣŭþͬһͷҰһ㡣
ıԴռأȿռ嶼ҪĶ
ֻһƣͿһռ塣
ôռرŮգжǿ
ʱͱ뱻Ļ͸ϽߡŮһ˫峺ˮһӣ˿飬Ҳޱȣͬ칬ӣĿ죬ȥҲ졣
ৡһ£羫ɳ
¾ѪߡԴһϵ
ˡ
¾Ѫŵ亹ֱֺͣ𳽻Ծͷɳʯߡ
䡭
ʱһƬıըһ޴Ժ¾Ѫʯ߶ڣ˫˫ѪŮҲһѪ
𣬿ɶŮˣǲŹģǸСӡʯڣξǷŭʵ
Ժ¾Ѫǳһξ벻ʯߵġ
û뵽½ϻаħ壿Ůӿ¾ѪԾ˵
¾ѪץסûκγɣԴ
ৣ
¾ѪȻˣϾװħ۴ڣʵǿᣬɢϢͲǰŮһŽʦǿֵܹġ


829 
ǿߣ̷ҩŮ˵ݵˣ𺳣ŮӵϢԼҪǿ󣬵δͻʦǾֻǿ߾Žʦǿߡ
ڶݣû˵аŮǾֻˡ
ңŮǿռξĿռأǾһռ塣
ֱ
ԴԼľ𣿡Ůӵĵ
شҵ⡣ĵҶ㲻
ңŮüһ˫ҲǷ⡣
ԺǺһЦɨ˰Ů罿һۣĿһ𣬿İŮһ죬ʲô
ʲôĿѡԺЦ˵
ҪŮ˼˵
˺
Ȼ˵꣬Ծһѳɴ

ǰž¾׵Ҳǳһ˿ݡ
û˿覴ãϸ壬˫մһŭߵĺΣֶɫʡ
òŷѩҲǰİŮӡ
㣬㿴ûУŮŭ
شҵ⣬Ҳ֮䷢һʲôޱĵ
ǡŮӲʵ
ʲô֣
ǡ

ɽ
ԣԳһɽ֪ģݵһ½۷ĴڣǰڣɽǰҲֻ΢Ĵڡ
ŽǵŮӣȻҲֻɽȻһŮӡ
ԻʳԼʵ⣺֪иŷѩŮ𣿡
һӵĿ򳽻ʵʲôϵ
ûйϵԺ
ôûйϵŭ¾ѪѾ
ʲôϵɻʵ
㣬ԺԻ֪Ƕʱߺ죬ĵûۼֻ˵˵ŷѩŵŵӣǴ˵еľ壬ʮֺǧ겻ڼǰݽţܵŵӣѾŵ֮һ
˵˴ǿ˳һۣߺ˵˵Ư˫֮һ
ҾͷˡЦ
ʶǲĿ˳һʵ
Ҳֻ˵ŷѩûۼȴܴ󣬼˽֪û뵽ԾȻܿʶ
ⲢûʲôԽҿɴǵһòˣͲĲˡ
һ˫˭ʵ
㣬㲻֪ǵųԣʮŭԾȻ֪ŷѩȻ֪һ˫˭ʵߡ
˵ˡԸоŮЩĪȻƯֻŷѩ˵¾Ѫ
ǡ¾Ѫ˳һۣɿϵ
߰ɡԵ
ߡһų˵һ֪أ
ҽгԡԵ
μǱ𣿡ʵ¶һ˿ڴ֮ɫ
ᡣԵͷ˵͸Ͻ߰ɡ
ߣԣסǵһҿɴˡǺ˵
üʵ
ݾ֪ģҲὫϢȥǺݺݵ˳һۣһΣһԶȥ
ӣŮӲϲɣ¾Ѫ
ÿ𣿡Ե
ܡ¾Ѫ붼ûͻصԺݺݵԼһۣͼæ˵磬ΣӢòãܣ˵һŶΪŮϲӣҲƽ
˵⻰¾ѪƨĹͷˣСĿųԣҴһڡ
ߡ⻰¾ѪȻħͷôһɰˡ
ǡ¾ѪϲæųԷɳӹȡ
Ȼ֪Ծɰ˵ĻƲ֪ʲôӡ

¾Ѫϣɳӹȣ˿
һΣԭ֣ûзǵĳ֣ѾξĨȥʶˡ
ͬʱҲо˼ѹȣʵС
ǷȻҲǾŽʦȴǿߴڣԼʩչȫֶΣҲĶ֡
ŷѩȴǾ壬ŵӣ˫֮һʵжǿ޵оŽʦǺͷһӵǿߵʵ
ϲˣ֮֮ͬꡣ
ԼΪѣȴֻ޵оŽʦ
ŷѩԸ⣬ҲԸ⡣
ǿ
еϣԼǿ
ҪǿԽ˫ȭϴı̿հ
ӣ㿴ǲȽռ䣿ӹȣ¾ѪҲ˿Ͼξʵ̫ˣȫǵԤϡ
šоâһһУ¾Ѫսȥ
ӣǳʵ
ǳˡԸоɲ٣񾭶ˣʵû°ɣ
û¡
ǺãȻȥˡԻͷӹһۣϣԺҲ৵һ£һڡ
ڣ
ৡһ¡
Խ塣
磬ˣ̼ͻȻǰĸ磬ʱ϶Ǿϲ
ϣЩȥˣ
С̣ųϣǿʲôſһľģЦǺǵĿʵ
⣬ѵ쾧ʯ̾ɲ˵
쾧ʯ쾧ʯ찡ҾȻܹ쾧ʯϿžʯɫϲ˷ܵ
ʦ쾧ʯһԾʵ
Ϣ״̬һģһҸҿ϶쾧ʯһ϶ĵͷʵϣ쾧ʯǴ˵֮ȻϹŴڣû˷ּǴҵģ
ǰ磿ʵ
ӹȡԵĵ


830 ߳
˻ԶʱһǲŵĿųԣ˵ӹȣ쾧ʯˣ
Ц
찡ôܣôܣϷ·һס˵
ӹȣʦʦȻ˳Ծ֪ӹһǼΣյĵλæʵ
ԣϸ̽ͣ𾪵ֱ˵ӹȾһ˭˶ĵطֻû뵽ϾȻ߳ˣһ쾧ʯǲţȥĻȻ½
硣˫ᣬǰſ˫۽סԣſ˵磬ӦС̣ԺҲȥΣյĵطС̲ʧȥ硣
Ӧ㡣Ĩȥ۽ǵۣЦǺǣ㿴ⲻû𣿡
ߣ֮Ժȥˡ̵Ŵ۾˵
ǡ˵
ꡣŸһģԾһЦ
Ǻǡ˳ҲǺǺһЦ˵Щ쾧ʯȥųϲ󷨰ɡ
á̸˵
̫ˣЩ쾧ʯһԲòʮߡ˷ܵĵ
šԵͷ
ʱǺ𾪵ԣӹȻˣ
ǵԻص
СݡǺӵ
áԿһ˵ã˵С̣ȥȺųоĲá
ǡ̸˵
Сݡ
ǺӡϺͶ϶һɵĵȴųԣϲǣԾȻĴӹȻˣɻǣôܻǿǸ߽״ܽȥҪذ
һǺ̫̫ɻ
֨һ
ֻ߽Сݡ
üˡǺһ֣򳽻ԣ𾪺ɻʵĽӹȡ
ϺͶҲһɻųԡ
Ե
쾧ʯأȲʵ
뿴ԵȻһЦſһ쾧ʯġ
Ȼ쾧ʯˣǺ˶һ𾪣о˼顣
ԣ㿴ܲܡ죬˵
ϡϣһҵõ쾧ʯʮŰɡ˵
ʮ飿ǺӾ
˵ģϲʵ
ԣɲƭ˰ϸоͷˣŵ˵
Ǻǣʮ쾧ʯ¡ԺǺһЦһʮ쾧ʯ䵽ϡ
ԣǴлл㡣Ǻһۣͬʱһ֣ص˵ʵڵСռʮֵĲȶҳԹ취޷ʶСռ䣬̫ϴԣ꣬Сռػ٣ֻ쾧ʯſȶСռ䣬ʮ쾧ʯǽǵĴѰ
˶٣ǺӼ˵ԣʲôҪֱֻҪܹ˾Ӧ㡣
ʲôСռ䣿ʵ
Сռ䣬һ֮俪ٳĿռ䣬ΪٿռɿռԵʣһ˵Сռ䶼󣬱ڵСռֻзԲʮСͨΪҪá
һǰչأڶųΣյʱ֮áǺ˵
ԣԵͷСռӦǴŶ߱Ķ
һȻʸ֪Сռλá
һ˵ϣһȫĵط
Ϊ֪Լչ֮ǰƻɲνء
ɣСռͿԽ⡣
ʦܣСռڱչ
ĻСռŨʮľ߳ʮǿȥѾͷϳϲóʮĻûǸҪˡ
ǺЦ˵ʵϣðæСռڲһʮ󡣡
ǲõĲϣɾ㹻һ֮áԳ˵⣬þĲϣɲһСĿ
ǺǣȻþĲϵȻ㿴Ҫ٣ǺЦʵ
߰Ʒʯ˵
˵٣Ǻʵ
ϺͶҲһ򳽻ԡ
߰Ʒʯ˰ƷʯӡԿЦ˵ʵ˵Ϊ˲һȥȫųʯ
˻
һΣǺȷԼû
߰ٶƷʯ
һۣǺ˾ǿЦ⼴Ƕ˵ҲһʺܴĿ
ԭΪò˶ٲϣټϿӳԻв쾧ʯӣ˵˵óһЩöʮʮһڵʵͿߣò˼꣬ҲԺݶ档
ڿܴģˡ
ҲóṩϳΪԲ˵Ϊ˲Ѿȥųʯ
Сͷ
ǺһۣųԶͷһ̾
ȿȣû뵽ʮҪôʯǺӸɿ˵
ԣһɶˣȻ֪Ǻӵ˼ΪڵǿҲֻܺƤʵ
ǰֹģõĻҡ˵
ˣ㹻ˡԳһͷ˵˵ȻˣҲ಼ˣСռڲɡ
ô˵ڻе׾ԺЦʵ
Ҳһ£ϵˣϹˣһԶԶ
ܹٲһ󣬵㹻ˡ
ڵûУһЩ̫ϳδûСü˵ֻ˽˶Ȼ֪ԲóʮĻǺѵ׾׳ġ


831 ˼
ɣϣҪһ׾ó쾧ʯԳ˵Ҫ֪־ûҵİ쾧ʯ͵׾Ҳ޷óʮ󰡣
⣬ֻܱҵĹЧ˵
˵һֻꡣü˵
ǺӺͶ϶˶üĻδҲ̫˰ɣ
Ȼǣ֮Ҫ󱣳ʮҪΪ˵
ɫɣʵԣ㣬˲𣿡
С˵ģ֮ҪĻȻ¸ֻҲ֪ǼԪġ
⻰˶ҡͷЦģǲԿģḶӦʯ
òЦ
ðɣһתǵġһ㶣˲Ц
ŶǾͺãȡǱԻм¾Ҫʼˣ׼չܵʵȡһǱҶǱϴŹʡŶһͷ˵
ϷھȥСռЩϼһԼæ˵
⻰Ѿ˵ĺˣ׵ĻƾͰ׵ˡ
鷳ˡǺ˵
û£ȥȥϣЩϼһס˵ž߳Сݡ
ǺӺͶһۣҲΡ
ףǿʵΨһᡣ
Ļ׷Ī
ԣԬڵʵǷﵽǿߣǺӺȻʵ
԰Ҳǿ򳽻ԣϴŽš
ԭһûǿ߲εľŽʦ걲һҲûУȴڣ˵ûһᡣ
ûСԺܸɴ˵
ԣǺӺͶ϶һ̾
峤ϲѾﵽǿ߲ѵҲûмﵽǿߣüʵ
ǿߣǼ򵥾״ﵽġǺ̾
ڰǰѾСռ䣬ܹͻǿߣϣܹɹɣҶһᶼûСص
ﵽǿߣҲûлᡣ
˵ڵǡ
ΨһĻᣬһǱԡ
Զһˮ׼Ҫǰʵ̫ˣǲܷ顣
뵽Ҳ磬ϾԼȷܷǱ֮ǰͻƾŽʦ
Ϊ⣬Сһӱüž
ʱֻһ˷ܵ˽߽һλ뷢԰׵ĳߣûһԪϢͷ·һͨޱȵˡ
ԿɲΪнʦܣҪͻƸ߽ʦĴܵʦ
¾Ѫһս
߳ϡ
߽ǺӺͶ϶վ
ˣҲվֵԼ߳ϡ
Ȼλ߳ϵĵλȴϺͶϵĵλҪߣСռڶżߵĵλ
ڴϺͶϣֻڰϵĳƺ
ʵϣ˵һȺˣСռˡ
߳ϣ֮һ
ǳԣܺá̬߳ºͣųԵͷ˵ھ飬Ѿ֪ˣϷȷһ£ȷʵܹóʮľΪڱкܶ޷ͻĳϣϷҲ֮һ˵ϷϵĻᡣ
߳ϷģֻҺСó̶ڣһԲóʮľ󡣡˵ꡣ
Ϸ֪ʲôѾŨʮ߳ĿƵĿųʵ
ԣǺ˶򳽻ԡ
˳֪һóƾʵݳǹ˹ˡ
ʵ˵ֻǿϵĻܹþﵽʮŨȣϹδزˡһţӡģ߳˵
ŶϹк֮ɣ߳Ϲ۲˷ӡһۣɻʵ
ͨƿһá˵
ֻһУһƿ֣΢΢һ㣬߳˵߳ϿˣƿĿҲͨ
ȷʵˡ߳˵
ǺҲɻųԣ֪Ҫô
ԵȻһЦѻƿӡһʱзռӿƿУʱһӻƿǿۿ
ʮ߳۾ٿȻһһ𾪵
⣬ֱ̫˼ˡǺ˶һԾоš
߳ϺѾˣϹܹǿʮӣټϾ󻰣ͿԴﵽʮĵزԺЦ˵
ԭˣϷ򻹴δ߳ɨӷӡҪȴһã˵ͬѰģֻҪǲʮͿˡ
û⡣Ц
ǵ׾ȥɡ̯߳һ׾򳽻ԡ
쾧ʯҲ˵׾׾
ãǾʱܹá߳ʵ
ǲþϵ嵥߳ĿԴӴȡһֽ
Щȥ׼ɡ߳øǺ˵
ǡǺӹ
׼֮ǾʹԺͳСռ䡣߳˵Ϸˡ˵꣬߳Ͼ뿪Сݡ
ȻˡԵ
ã׼òϺ֪ͨ㡣Ǻӵͷ˵ݲϣһ֣ҲûУҪ׼ȫҪĹ򡣡
Եͷ뿪Сݡ


832 þ
ܿ죬ͻصСݡ
ϵ˺͹졢˶
ôˣʵ
̺ųϻڲáǰ˵
ȥԵ
Կٳһռ䣬ϻòõĴ󣬾нʦҪӲ򿪣ҲҪѲٹ
һ߽ȥֻ̺϶ڷʳĲþ
˲ٶȶܿ죬ȻѾԺݻ顣
ҲڴʮĵԼĻ϶ٶȴ˵ͿͻƾŽʦ
þȻһԪ飬Գ̾Ž״ʦʦΪʱҵҲɫ԰׵
ϣãҺС̵ʵºһɫ԰׵ĵ
ϻãˡ˵
û⣬Ϸɡϻôӷռ˳֮УϻϹ飬ַ죬ᳵ·ͺԷˮһ򵥡
ˡһϻɣһȦʢĹ봦ɢʱһƾճǰڲռ䶼ڣȫ׾١
ˡϾϲ˵
̫˸磬ڲóˡ̸˵ⶼϻʦǵһǹһˡ
ǰ̫лǰˡһ˷˵
ֻǴﵽʮѣҪɡϻÿ򳽻˵
˺󡣡˵
ԣ˶
ৡ
ȡ˷ӡӡʱɴɵķӡռӿڡ
һڵͱóӯ
뵣鶯ͬػشȻɢһ㡣
ˡվھУԺĸоͬˮһһ㣬ԴλãǿԼۼ
ʮ
̡Ϻ˶Ǿ̲̾ס˽һ⣬϶¶֮ɫǲɶֹľϲ˷ܡ
̫˸磬ҸоԼһµĻͿͻƵʦˡǾϲһ˫۾Ŀų˵Ҫ֪ͣھŽ۷ʦЩʱˣΪ츳ߣʱ䶼ϣûͻơ
ǰҲоãͿͻĽʦһ˷ܵĵǰѾͻʦٳٲͻƣǽʮҲûָоû뵽һʮ󣬾ͻƵļ¶
ʮǲͬ죬Ҷоɶ̲ס¶һ˿
ǰǵΪһǽչɡ˷ܵ
ص㡢Ҳһ˷ܣͲסеļ
ٶǾ찲һЩҳϡ츳ĵӽ˵
ãû⣬̾ȥšصͷ˵
ò˶ãͻǿޱȡ˷˵
š׵ͷ
ҲĵͫаԼһǽ
һ˲䣬洫ӺͼǱŵӽ
Ѿˣе׾ȴȱٲϣԳԾЩ˷ʱΪһ£趨һЩдͺͶ׵ĵӣھ
һʩǵԱĻԡ
ڵһ죬ʮ洫ͻһףһͻ׵ĵӡ
Ϣܿڲʱٴ񳱡
һЩϺ洫ҲǷǴƳ˸ߵȼԲų˴ģͻƵ
һЩصĳϽٱǺˣȴյʹĻظ
ڣ֪쵼Ѿõŵ֧֡
˲
ʱһɼȳܹȴǼ٣ΪҪʵ̫ˡ
˵ıԹԲ
ȴ޶ãԿԪĸɲϣͶȡ֮
󣬳ƶҪ
һף
ӵĻ׸鷳ңɲǳġ
ڶ־ᶨ
ΪߣҪ׷߲εҪĲ츳־ֻ͵־ߣŻߵĸԶ־ʦʦʦ󾳽ϢϢأȻȳץΡ
⣬־ᶨԺ˶ԸԱգ׾ͻᱳѳԡ
ԣڶ֮ء
츳
ǳԱһŵƣԪݣ½۷֮һûǿʵ
ȻԾҪÿһԱмߵ츳ٶгΪʦǱ
Ҫһϵ˶Ǵһ
ÿݣֱޡ
˵ԭûһ˷ԡ
ɸѡѡ˶ʮ˼
ǵҳ϶ȻҪ顣
һжɵĽš
֮Ǻ֪ͨԺͳԼϵСݣǰСռ䡣
ǳϣȴû˵Сռ䣬˵ˡ
ǺӿǵͳһõģԲŰһϣΪݣ޷Ӵܡ
ںɽ
ϴȪˮٲɽ࣬һƽ͵ľ
ৣ
ӣͳһϿա
ˡһ
ֻϿճһѣ·һն
ߡ
һѡ


833 һλ
ˣҲûгɣ̽롣
һת·𾭹˼ֻһ㣬ǰľȻһ䣬ůǧ죬һţСϪдϪˮĳγ
ֱһԴ˼ɾȴʤ˼ɾ
̾
ԴԸоƬصʮһʥ
ϣСռ𣿡ϳԾʵ
Ϸ·⳽˵ı֣˵СռϹſٳģ꣬ڵֻһƬռ䣬ռͷ籩һһŬŴǰСռ䡣
ĿռѾвȶļ󣬺˳ʮ쾧ʯȹο˵߰ɣҴȥڵλ̫ϳϰɣǶչͷǲȥġ
ڵĸڡ԰
һ˲ԾͷʮǿϢÿһɶʦĴڣͶнʦ߽ʦܡ
һ߶ȫòҲڶݵһ֮
ȹģʵѾԺͳǰڱˡ
Ƿŵݣ½ҲǶĴڡ
һʵҪŽʦܲŴڣҲֻĳܣܱ֤ǧꡣ
ˡʱֻ̫߳ϴһ俪˳˵λڴڵȺǡ
̫߳ϡϹ
Ҳһ𾴣߽
ڣһƬžʮߣǰ°׷
ڴϷһݣµˡ
̫ϴϣ߽۷ʦܣӡ
磬ˡ̫߳ǰ˵
̫ϴϡϹݵ
˼ҲǹһݣϾڵĶڡ
ȴǷ̫ϴѾʮ˥Ԫʣ޼ˡ
̫߳ϼææţҲΪ˴ϡ
Ϸ̫ϴϣӡͬɮһ㣬κɫƽһ˫û䵽˳ϣѵóһ˿Ц⣬˵Сһǳ԰ɣ
ǵӡ߽ʦǰԿɲֻܹݵ
ܺáӺЦ˵ǰΪ˲ʮľ󣬲֪мְգһ̣Ҳǲ¶һĨ֮ɫҲһ̾ҲΨһһλᡣ
ǰѾͻ߽ʦȴһֱδͻƣۼԪҪٲͻƵĻ¾ֻܵˡ
Ѿǧ꣬ûʲôĲڡ
Ϊټֻһ߽ʦܣҲĴڣڶݵһŵţ½ŲСͷĶš
ˣھֻΪţڶҲһްԣ½ֻСڡ
ܹڴжǺõģԼ󣬱жʵĻӿɾڵ˰
ԣϣܹͻư˽ʦ
ûκλᣬ߽۷ʦܣֻӶо衣
ֻû뵽·תǺӸŵʮǿԭѾκϣģ̻ߣҲ̫߳ϵԡ
Ҳүһλᡣ
ڳʮλнʦܣҲмλѾǴﵽ޷ͻƣԪ̫ϳϣҲһڴųԡ
̫ϳҲ򳽻ԣȻǻԪڰھ˭볤˭̤ϸ߲εľ磬ȻҲϣܹõȷеĻظ
ৣ
Ȼӵ˶ǿ򳽻ԣ̺˶վڳԱߣⱻӰ졣
ֻǾŽ״ʦѣнʦܣʱ԰ףŸ糽Ե֡
ǳϣҲð亹ͷҴһڡ
ڳԣһӱʮλʦעӣһλǸ߽ʦܣ˵ţǲܵġ
Ҳǳˣ־ᶨ˵ľǰξȾŽʦܵĴڣֱԹοһȺнʦأһλ߽ʦܣȻܹܿƽ
һĻӵУͷ
򶨴ݣͲͨ߱ġ
̫ϴϣѾһʮġԻص
Ŷ棿Ӿʵ
̫ϴϣһҿ֤Ϲ˵
ǺãѾ׼ˣɡӵ
ৡһ¡
ֻʮ̫ϳͬʱ
࣬һš
Ӵ򿪣˽ȥʮλ̫ϳҲ롣
ˣԵҲȥ
һ޴ڲռ䣬·֮УкĿռ֮
ͽɡӴһӣöָӳ˵ϡ
áԽӹ䣬˵ʼɡ
ԣ̺϶˶ûгɣʼ׼
ϻãҲæɡԻϻãȻǺӵ֪ϻõĴڣӵҲ֪ĴڣҲûʲôεġ
ৡһ¡
һ³ϻó˳ԣӵȴɫ䣬̩Ȼͳ̶ֲ
ǺѾ֪̺ϸѾۼȻûʲôɳԾģӵȴ¶ɫ
ԣϹ飿ɫʵ
šԵͷ
̫߳ϵҲǴ𾪵ĿϻãʵҲвǿȴǳԾ


834 Ҫ
Ϲ飡
մϹŶ֣ǶǼ򵥵Ķοϻ飬ϹŴ飬֪ͨٴ󣬼ֱһϹŷ¼
ԣɲӵ˳Ծ
λشǰ·ͬСɡڳУʵǿ۽ˣȻԿܶ಻ĶǷϻõȱݡ
ϻ۷֮ʱӵоŽ۷ʦΪﲻ˵
˻
˻һ̫߳ϵˣӶٴγһ
Ž۷ʦ
ʣڵ½Ǿ۷ĴڣУǾ
Щţܹ֮ΪһţΪоŽʦܴڡ
Ԫˡ
оŽʦܴڵĻҲᱻԪҲδ֪
ԣ𾪿ˡ
ϻãõ֪ͻư˽ʦǾŽʦľ򣿡Ŀе˵û糽һƺϻãǻõѣȻΪȴһʵľŽʦڡ
ֹ߽ʦ꣬һֱ䷨δûǷȱԭ
ָĻͻư˽ʦĻһˡ
Խ˷ܣԳҲԽĿоԼֱүڵġ
̫߳ϵ⻰ȻҲе˼ϻõĿ⣬ɶһ𾴡
ô˵ԼﵽԼҪЧɵͷ˵
ǲ֪ܷͻõѽһһţæ˵õָһҡ
̫ϴϣҿǵϻǲúþ˵ɡԵĵ
ļˡӼæ˵ĳϻѡ񳽻ԣ˵ԵҪԣȻҲҶͬͨųһҲǺӵ˵˹ڳԵ¼ڲμǱĺ֮һ
ԣûӳԣǿ֡
̫߳ϵ˶ϳɾȻһ¾еĹؼԳԱȶԴϻҪ
̫ϴϣҪķѲپһʱɲòˣҿλ̫ϳϻϢȴϢɡ˵
⵹áӰڰ֣ʵ󣬴Ҫ೤ʱ䡣
ɡ˵
Ǻãߣȥ׼һЩݡûõ˲úþʳáӵ
õġ̫߳Ϲ
̫ϴϣ֪Ͻþ˸˵ûУԺȻʵ
ˣһɻʵĲ϶Ѿ׼ˣѵҪ׼һЩĻֱ˵ȥ׼
һ㶣Ŀ⿴ϣɿ˵ȿȣϣ㲻˰ɣ
ȻûУֻǸ̫ϴ˵ˡϼһ㶣Ȼ׹ͷЦû뵽ԾȻʱ
ŶҪ׼Ķ𣿡Ӽɻʵ
̫ϴϣ֮ǰѾˣЩֻ㹻ʮĳ̶ȣҪʮĻҪԳǼϹص
Ŷ˵ǼܹʮӻȻʵȻˣ¾ɳԳֺˡ
ǡϼӻû׹ʱ˵Գ˵һΣҪķѴӰҪָĻʮֲףοһθҪһЩ͡
ԶʱܿʶԼʧ̬˵ԭ
̫ϴϣǱڼܵӰĻ²ھΪҲμǱΡһǵ˵
ʲô
ԣӺڳ϶ɫ䡣
вУԲУȲúþźð
ǱмٿӦü
˵ǣԳΪɡ
һڳϼæ˵ʮֵǣǼԪ̫ϳϣһţΨһĻᰡ
ȿȣԣ˵ҿ㻹Ϊɡӿ˵
̫ϴϣҲ˵ңݴ˶ޣ޸սԬѾٱ޵оŽʦʵǶ֪ڻǰ˽ʦҴ⼸ʱ䣬ܵͻƾŽʦǸʱ򣬲˵λ̫ϳҲӦÿԤҵʵɡԵȻ˵
ԣӵ˶ʱ
ʱǲǰֻǰ˽ʦΪӵ޵оŽʦʵԬһϸߵͣͻƾŽʦĻǿ϶ӵǿߵʵ
ǿ߾Žʦ
һûһ˰
ͻƾŽʦĻ͸һ˿ᡣ
ǱԣأӵȻ
һǱ䲻
뵽ӵ˵Ŀⶼ˳ϣɫһ˿仯
һǱҪԶڶ˵Ҫ޶õĸ̾
⻰ӵ˶һɡ
̫ϴϣԳΪȷʵǶӰֲܹԳϵʧͿˡʱ߳˵ң֮ǰԳҲѾ˵ˣΪҪһ͡
ԭˣ
ԣӵٱҲ׹Ҫ͡
ȻЩŭΪ£ѵҪ
Ҳ÷Ͼ˭Ҳ˽ףû˭
λҲˣǲó԰װΪŸһǱԲҪݣҪǰݾˡأɫ˵
˵֮䣬ӻһۣӦԼ˼


835 һ
ȿȣ˵ǣǲó԰װ׸óһƷʯһλԪҪľ̫ϳϿ˵
ʯˣûʣ¶٣ʮƷʯԸȫó
ҲһƷʯ
ܿ죬ͬԪ޶̫ϳվ˵
ʾͼӰʮ̫ϳ϶óһЩƷʯһЩݡҩ
߲ܣͳͳ¡
Զˡ
һٶƷʯ
һԼҪ߰ٶƷѾ㹻ˡ
ԭֻǴЩ̫ϳóһʲһʯѣû뵽ȻóʵڳԤϡ
ȥһҲ߰ƷʯڳڲΪʯˡ
վһԵĴ𾪣Ϊ˳ＯĲϣǼʯ˴룬ΪУòӿڣųＯϵģֻһڣͳＯһǧٶƷʯʵ˱ˡ
ڿƼΪݵһţӦ˵ǲȱʯŶԡ
ʵϣڲȱʯǺȱ
ӣϰٳϣҪ·ݼһ𣬶ϰƷʯ
֮⣬Сռڵ̫ϳϸռݴͷʯļֱͬˮɳһ㣬ڴԽϾԴ޵ġ
ԣⲻɲԾ
ӸɫһͣǰǺʯǰЩϿÿ˳һ㣬ǲԸ·Ҫһ㣬û뵽ھȻǴʴʵʯóԣͺóĲʯһ
ߡٺãҲ̲סһ
ৣ
һ£̫ϳ϶ĬĬصλҿһۡ
ˣܻЩϼһ˼ǺһЦ˵˳ԾͶлλˡ
ǺǣֻҪ㲼úþС
ǰԣҪúòð
һʯѣⶼӦõġ
λ̫ϳϼæ˵·˵һ΢飬ѾĹѪͷֱһѪ
Ӽɫһһڣ˵ԣ㿴λóʯӦֲʧ˰ɣ
ȻΪӰҵΪڣһҲӦõģʧԼֲɡ˵
ǾͺáӼһģϵЦݱȿ޻Ҫѿֻ֣˵Ҿȳȥˣúþ֪ͨҡ
ǡһ̫ϳ˴˿һۣӦ
λ̫ϳϣ̫ϴû°ɣʵ
û¡һ̫ϳ⻰ֱӸһƣȴã򲻵ãֻܸЦ˵
ǾͺáԵͷȴЦ˻Ⱥϼһռˣһ㡣
һ󲢻˶೤ʱ䣬ȴһ춼Ͼ̫󣬾ϻö޷á
Ȳúһһ죬вá
죬ʮɡ
˴ҴҵĽŲúõҲǰβס
̫ϳҲȲӡ
̫ϴϣλ̫ϳϣǿԡЦ
áһ߳С
̫߳ϵ˶һڴ֮ɫʵ磬ô
ãܺáһ
ģ
һȺϼһﶼ۾һ߽С
찡ɶļ󣿡
ҵҲǡ
̫ˣò˶೤ʱҾͿͻˡ
һ⣬̫ϳ϶һ˷֮ɫ˫ĿŹ⣬޲Զھڡ
лл㡣ȻЩϼһŪ˲ʯһȴǷĵĸлԣǼλԪ̫ϳϣ԰óʮ൱ھһ
ȷʵȱľöˣȻһ޷ͻƣڻϣġЦĵ
ϲ硣̫ϳְ̹ݵ
ˣⶼӦøлԡ˵
̫ϳٸʯɡЦ
û˵һæ˵
˻һһȺϼһһۣǹЦ
̫ϴϣѾúˣҲóȥˡ˵
һ¡Ӽæ˵
ֻĿ⿴ϻã˵õѣ֪ûʱ䣬ָһ
ûСϻҲͻص
⡭Ӷʱβѣ̫ϴϣ߽۷ʦڶݸǵһ˵Ĵڣû˵Ҷô˵ϻãֱû
ϻãＸհɡԺȻ˵
ðɡϻõͷӦ

һȺϼһʱ°ͶҪˣ̫ϴϣǵĴϻָһ£һھܾû뵽˵һ䣬̴Ӧֱ벻ͨһϵµĸоѵǲࣿ
ģȴһ˷ܵʵ
̫ϴϣ⵹û⣬ϻҪݡҩʯɾҪṩ˵
û⣬ӽ𣬻õѾܱ̫ϳϵĴӼæ˵·³Էһ㡣
ǺãϻＸ£Ǳʼٳ˵
ðɡϻõͷ˵
ߣõѰŷ䡣˷˵Կ϶ʮİټϻϹ飬ͻư˽ʦһĻᣬȻǶϻмѡ
ԺǺһЦó̡뿪Сռ䡣
塣
ʱѾдԱ
Ҳûе飬ȥ޸ֹһϣ˵ڶ
Աȫ˱չ֮С
ܹһֽдΪ


836 չ
ȻԱУܣĴ澴⣬ΪѾӳԿе֪ڣֻ̫ϳϲܹܵĴ
̫ϳϣ
ڵ˵ǼֱһĴڣǾȻܹܵȴȻ˷ܷǳĵϿɳų
һ֮󣬳Ҳչء
һܳŽʦ
ڶѧ
ࡢ硢棬Ψзδ۳Դ
ܹ۷籾ԴĻûκȱݡ
Ͼڹڷ棬ǶĴڣΨٶȴȱݡ
Ҫ۷籾Դһѵ飬ҪԵ󣬾ͺñԴһǽ߿ռĻ³һӶ޷ɹ۳Դ
⽲ԵƮ죬ȷʵڡ
ǳҲ޷϶ԼܷĻᡣ
ԼӵвࡢĴԴֻԴﵽгɣԬĻҲֻСɡ
ԣ㳽ӵĴԴܹóԽױԴĻᣬǲԤ
ȻҪʱ۳籾Դǲܡ
ʶڳֻڹͷ¹ˡ
񣬳ӵԪհν⡢ٷš׻ױ졢籩ʢ˥ʱɱУԼԽ;֮ƵĻǾ񽣡λñ䡣
棬ֻл治ʯˣ߲óμǱֻл治
治ֻСɣܹͻгɵĻڷ棬Ǽ޵еĴڣϾв౾Դӳӵ˲޸κ˶޷ġ
һ㣬Ҳǳ԰ĵط
ڣԾһɱк͵Ƶ
ʮİֱˮɣֽʹ
ɱжܺգΨհνȴЩѡ
հνһֱǳǿɱУһнһ졯֡
죡
հνľ衣
Ҫİհν֮Ȼһ׵顣
ԣԿʼн֮ںϷ
Ϊ̺˿ĵԳкܴİ
磬ͺñһãӿհνĽ̡
ৣৣৣ
հνڳԵԺһһݻ
ĽѾȻ֮ǿĿ飬һһӽȻ
Ժ磬Կĸоհνļӿ졣
ৣ
޵һڳԺʾһ飬飬顭
󣬳Զ֪հνԼԺʾ˶ٽ·֪ƣһ㡣
Ҳ֪ʾһ飬ʮ飬ԸоԼľʮֵƣͣ˯оԼ·˳˯֮УһΣУϵʩչͬĽ
֪ȥãˡ
ͻˣԾϲ
ڣﵽ׾Ʒ
֮һֱδܵõھǽԾ֮ǿһΡ
ȣȻǲྫ֮β֡
һ֮ҲԳΪԵɱУǲྫ֮ǿȵһĴڡ
һƣȻǸޱȡ
ܿ죬ֿʼ
񽣣
ǳԵĵ֮һռԣһֺƿص֮һ
֪ô£ӹȻ֮󣬳ԷԼԿռƿأˡ
ѵΪξԵʣ
ʵ벻ֻͨܽԭξϣ֪ξ£ȾŽʦĴڣĻȾͻԼҲǳʵԭ֮һ
⣬ش֡
Ǿ쾧ʯݻռĹ仯ȻܹԿռƿء
ó˷ޱȡ
Ǿ൱ӵеĿռ壬ȴȿռǿ˵ռһôһʣһס
⣬ļ䣬ӵռͨ
ȴǲܴģƿأֻһһĽҿ
֮İ֮£ԶԿռһµ˽⡣
С۷壡
óʧǣݻĥռĹ򣬶޷֮ͻгɡ
һź
Ļ˵ǿռ壬ǺռģȻҲûа취
ȡξĿռأɾͺռ塣
һ仰ֱӷ
飬ûκβ
˿Ҳ죬Ҳ֪ǷǴϹŴ
󷨣ϻöûƿأֱԣΨоŽʦܲܲãƳ̵ĻҪλϵľŽʦܲſԡ
һ㣬ֱѡǡ
Բδ٣ʼԼҹλñͱ
ް磬޺ҹԷ·磬֮С
ڣĸº󣬳Դ
ʱǱʮıԣаʱ䡣
ǣԾ˳˾󣬿ʼ׼
ʮδʮĵӿš
˭ֻ֪и߽ʦлᣬʵϣҪﵽĲΣͱӵоŽʦΪ
һųɾŵĳϡӶ֡
ңϸ߳ԣڣδʮľŽʦųϣֻôĲʮˡ
⳽⣬ŷ磬սܶޣսƽԬκһս֡
ڽϣѾǶһһ͡
ŷ衢Ľݶ޺ݵ޵Ҹ޵вС
Ϊǿ߶֪½һĴ󽣿ͣŷҪôһ㣬޵ΪԴ˶ޣԲ˵


837 ʼ
ŵ˵ڵĳ⡣
ԣû˻ɣԻòһ
󲿷ڵӣΪˡ
ʶк֪ܶǿǳǿ
Ҳϣһ
ͬܶ࣬ݼ󶥼źһŶڽѡΣֻӢţܹμǱ
οһǱغݵδԱܸӣѴѵԴӣЩ޵оŽʦǿߣ˽Դϣܹɾǿߡ
ȻʮѣΪûһΣζһ衣
ԺܶڳŽʦεʱ򣬳ʧܣͻѡͻʦֻδĳɾͼͶѡ
һ˵޾Žʦһˮ룬ܹﵽΣ嶤ʦܣܹ޵оŽʦţǾгɾнʦǱǿ߾Žʦ;߱ɾ͸߽ʦܵǱ
Կһ߶ȫòŶֱ׼ֱ֧š
ֻг⣬ṩԴδԴ
ʮ󣬾ЩҲ޷ֻһҡ
ԤһǱδܽǰʮδʵҲԵһ̨ס
ǰһ죬ǺӰ䲼μǱĳϡǰ洫Ժ
ߺš
ǳȡĺ롣
⣬ѾǰõϢһαǱ˲࣬ǰ˽׻߾ŽʦΪĳϡ
ˡ

ڶ죬ӹ֮˷
䳡ϣ˳纣ʮڵӡ
룬һ͸̨ɣĵ֣ԵֵнʦܵĹ
һУǿǵԺ˵ʵ
޵оŽʦսѾӽʦܣֱͨӻĽ֣Ψи߼ֵܵȹ
ֵһǣȻǱûΪݣμˣһųϣҶδʮ꣬츳ף֮Ǵ˴ǱĿ֮һ
ΪƽʱǿЩŵųϳֵĻᡣ
ðѵһ仰ݴ˴ʢᡣ
ʱѾвٲμųϵÿһλһ󾪺Щŵӣų϶˵ֱǿƽʱԵüû뵽ȴǼôųϡ
ҲΪԭвų϶ϻۿһʢᡣ
;֮һйۿǿ߶ԾҲмĺô
ϣһ洫ָһӲԶ߽䳡Ӿ
찡û뵽Ҳμˡ
ǵȻϿǱһǹţ޵оŽʦǿ֮һһǹܹŽǰĴڣμҲŻء
һǻѵãԶԾһĵһǿߣԻǱֱһãȻᣬǿ˵ȻһѵõĻᡣ
Ͽܹ峤϶ԾȻˣһȲҪʶһķɡ
ǰ룬;˷ܡ
һ׼ųϵķΣ޳˫üŨܣĿһ߿ԶΪõ϶ǹ֮ɫ
޵оŽʦǿߵƣû˸Ҳ
μӴ˴ųϣҲòʵҲֻмǹ֪Ŀ¡
廹û𣿡ĿˣһֱۣЩ˽סŽʦųϣ˵

˻һ˻Ȼ϶Ǿ
ۣϲǹǿߣһ־͵峤ϵ֣УҲֻ峤ϲĶְ
ϵʵǿǳģǰĻֻ峤ϲſĶֶ֣һˡ
˵ĿǳԳϣ
ȻˣԳϿܹ˸Ըȥ͵ǿڱݴһһ˶ޣǰսԬսκˣ𾪵ġ
ô˵ҵͬԳ̫ǿˡ
ǰԳϿǲŽ࣬ѾΪųϣ޵оŽʦǿߣºܹƥ
˵ҵǺڴԳϺ峤ϵıˡ
Ȼڲ꣬ڣ˲֪˲
ȻһжԱĹͣﳽԵսǰһӲþ֮£̫˼˵ԺѾŵ֮һ

Ȼһ۵ĵӶУʱǻ
ֻĿżˣԲ
ϡ
Ӷʱ亹ֱðԡ
ԣҪжǿǷд˵еǰĿһ˿ս⣬૵
Գˡ
ʱ˴ߺ

ʱȫڣÿһ˶ĿһͦӰϡ
ֻ˹ĵϱ䳡ɫƽ˿ɫ
󣬸ſһǸԱԱˣڵšš洫еľӢӡ
ȺУԶóһյ
˽ʦû뵽Գǰ˽ʦûͻƾŽʦ
ߣûͻƾŽʦԳܶޣԬɵ
ԳǧţԺ嶤нʦܡ
ޣԳԳϵ츳ǳɾ͸߽ʦܶ£нʦ



838 ǿ
Ⱥ̴һЩҪĵӣǴĳƨһЩΣְԼôûƨأԳ˵ͬԼˡ
쿴Ǿŵֳֿϵ˵
ۣҿ˰ɣź洫Ժʦǡ
ǰ˵ǶõԳϵĴڣΪ㿴ûУǰֻʦأѾĽʦˣüԭֻǾŽ׵ʦĵӣѾͻʦˡ
˼ʰΪʲôҾûܼأ
ɣյĶΪߣʵǿˣƾʦҲ룿ˡ
ߣǺ漸СֻдʦΪôֿԣ
˼츳á
ѾΪڶڵеˣ޲ü룬ϧֻܹôһСˣȴδֹڵ飬ԽԽˡ
ԣԱһ֣̾˵Ĺע
ЩȻ䵽ԱУʱһͦţ·Ǻ±˿Լһ
ڣϿɳԡ
Ҳǲһ֪̫ϳ˭֪ų˭
ǸӢ񳽻ѾѾ
˿ڿǣǷԷͿոڵˡ
뵽Ҫӵãʹ뷨
ųȻôһЩص̲ס˵
Уزܸġҡͷ˵
ҵ˼ǿһⲿԱصڿϼ֮Уעˣæ˵ŵһΪŵӺŵӣڵԱǺĳԱԺյľͨԱ趨һЩƶȣȻܳΪĳԱ
ǰųעⲻ˵
ʩ˶۾һ
һ¡Գͷ˵
õġص
Ǿͳԣ
ʱ򣬴󲿷ֲμӴ˴ųҲע⵽˳ԡ
Ȼֻǰ˽ʦ֣һδ˵˽ʦԴ޵оŽʦεĶ֡
ǰ⳽̫ŹˣݶˣԬĬϳԼ֣Ҳš
᲻ʵΪ
أһԪ¶ܹоõء
Ǿ̫ˡ
󣬴󲿷ֲų϶ɵԣϣԼҪ
ԣȥĿͬһǹâơ
š̸оĿ⣬һĿ罣â˫ϾȻֱ˴ˡ
ҵĶ֡˵
Ȼ˵Ļһʵ
ǰǹһˣΨһһܹһսˡ˵
ҵĥʯԺЦ˵
ԣһ㡣ɫ৵һĿǹâĿ˵
ϣ㲻ҪʧԵĵ
Ȼѿ֮һǱ̨ʤɡһλϡ
ˣֻһЦ
˻
һĻ䵽У̲סһ
ǳԳϣôͺ϶ˡ
Ͽܹ峤ϱȼĴڣû뵽ԳϾȻ˿
ǵȻˣԳǿܹܶޣսԬǿߣϾǿԳҲ
ڳԣӺͳ϶ԾûκСΪǸʵ
Ҳˡ
ʱһ𳽻ԵȴСࡣ
һͷڷͦǹվͬһ˳ǹһ㣬·ҪƲ񷡣
˾Ƿ
Ϻǿ
ǰڶų֮УܹŽǰ׵峤ܹѹסҲ˵ٷְʤһԳϣĴ޵оŽʦǿߣһ
ڴ
󲿷ֵӺͳ϶ηĿŷԶõǰһ
һ̣Ҳ˽һʵ塢Ϊ޵оŽʦǿߣ۷
ڣݵһţҲֻˣ޵оŽʦεǿߣҲֻˣֻˡ
һ߶ȫòɴ˿Ʋһˮ׼
ȷʵݴھ޴Ĳࡣ
⣬ͷһⶼǹǿߣ֪һʲô
һ㣬Ҳǰ̾ݵĽǿͬ˥ݣΪǵνĶͣˣҲֻǼ޾Žʦˮ׼ѡ
ˣֻпܴﵽǿߵˮ׼
ҲǳϣģΪݵʵ̫ˣûкһ̵Ļᡣ
ͬʱԼҲҪŬ
ŷѩţ˫֮һͷϣԵ콾֮ŮԼǰţҲӲ
Ŭ
˫ȭɽһ
Ϻص˶о˳ϵı仯ȴûж룬ֻΪΪܶ

Ȼһ紵ַǳı䳡һӾ
ˣ
·صһ㣬ÿһ˶ûзĿȻȻȥ
һѳ·֮ӵӳ˵ĿУ·վƶ֮ϣһ㡣
ɫºͣ˫Ŀ޲ͨͨ
壡
һֳ˵ԺС
ûκӵ˳߽ó·
Ϸ·شһ㣬ʹá
⣬ô£
ǰҵôԼʹˣ
ô£찡ʲô


839 ʼ
˶ɲ˫֮Ī𾪣嶼ǳ
ǿ߾Žʦʵ𣿡ֻг˫ĿûܵκӰ죬壬˵
ɾǿ߾Žʦʵ
һΨһһǿ߾Žʦ
ǿ߾Žʦͷһۣ˱˴е𾪣ôҲû뵽徹ȻĴﵽȲˡ
ͷǲûʣһָˡ
ɾǿ߾ŽʦǶڣǶ˵һ˷ܣܹ飬٣ݲûһ˿ˡ
ʱǺӡϺͶҲ˱䳡ϡ
˲ûбֳ𾪣οһЦ
ȻѾ֪ɾǿ߾Žʦˡ
˵Ŀⶼ䵽˳ϣǱ΢Ц˲䣬Ҳˣܹͻǿ߾Žʦǽסʮİһ඼޷ͻȲε־ؼʱͻơ
һһųϺͲ߶֪ˣɾǿ߾Žʦ
һ̣˷ޱȡ
ҲٴγΪڵӡ곤ϲɳԽĴڡ
ԶòϣԼĶ֡
Ŀ겢ǵһǰֻҪһѡ
찡峤ϳɾǿ߾Žʦˡ
ڣڶųȺ֮Уһ

δ䣬ȫȻÿһ˶ݡ
һ̣Уͷ·һ㣬ܵĿ
˼飬ĳɾˡ
ǰڣݶһ˿ᡣ
˵Ĳݶвǿ߾ŽʦڣΨǶûһ峤ϣ̫˷ˡ
г϶һ˷ܣ壬Ǿͷ·𿴼ϣ
ÿһ˶Ǽ֮ɫпǧҪ֪ݶûһɾǿ߾Žʦˣǵһ
ǺӸ̾
ݾͺñһȴһΪϣϺЦ˵Σһ˿ϣ
ҺڴСͻƾŽʦҲǵͷĿ䵽˳ϣ¶ڴ֮ɫų΢΢һЦ·˵СӣŬɣ
ԣǺӺʹ϶΢΢ס
УԾһڣ漣ˡ
˵һжҪлǺ˵
ϵͷ˵Ѿһλ̫ϳͻϣ̫ϴҲܹͻƣֻҪڣڼ뿪˶ݣҲܹȥ
ԸɡǺ˵
ˣʼ԰ɡϻָ飬һȻ˵

δ䣬һ糿һ
ৡһ¡
䳡ûһ˿š
ڿʼϢأһӣৡһ£ʮľڱ̨ϿգɢӡӡϢ
˼ˣɻ󲻽⡣
ǺǣǶ֪ǱֻʮԲȡսģʽʮȡսֱûսΪֹͿɻϺǺһЦ˵

ԣ˶һû뵽ȡķʽ
һףַȷʵѡǿʮˡ
ˣǿ̨ˡЦ
δ䣬ȫʱ
ʣһ̨߽еսҲԿˣ˶ɡ
ৣ
ڣ̨ˡ
һеĵӣò֮ͨΪǾŽʦսͨΡ
Ϸ
ܿ죬ϳˣųϷ
ϷҳӢս㡣
һӰϱ̨ƮϢɢ˳ӢҲͨεľŽʦߣһ˸
˺һ
ޱȵĳɫնϷƿռ䣬ҷɫâĦ֮
һǳȴϬ
ɽն
ҲϷҲûпҶһӶͣһڴն£ʱǵһúޱȣ·ͬʽ֮һ㣬նϴɽ
һһʽóжϳӢĽƫᣬϷȴǸӲһһգศɣͬʱһ˵ϣȻãڲͬϣͺѷֳʤ
ǳӢϷʵ඼󣬾͸ѷֳʤˡ
ԵεȶܹѸٷֵϢϣϷĵ󿪴ϣ˵;ȴһǳɣһϣͻܳӢ
෴ӢĽƫᣬӵԪҲӣԳ־ãҽԣʱһһʤ
ʤһΪͨŽʦʵȡһ
ӢϷ˵ĶԾδ塢˵ע⡣
Уֻһθ˶ѡ
ء
һȻֻϷӢһ˳ȥ
Ӣʤ߼սϸ
䣬ءһֻһĿӳ˱̨ϣһһ˳趯ʱꪹ⣬ͬ⺣һųӢֶȥͬһ㣬֮ռεһ
ۡһӢһѪ˳
һ̨ս
ɵĽУʵǿ塢˶ûг֡
ৣ
һӰӳϱ̨һϢӡ
껳ϡ
껳Ǽ޾ŽʦεǿߣҪһˡ
塢ͳԳϣ޵вεľŽʦһǵһʮȥģֻʣƾǿļ޾Žʦ


840 ʮ
˿ʼ˼Ծǳһǿˡ
䡣
ǹޣʵǿᣬ̨ϣ̤ͬأͷ񷣬ǹףǹʹ˶֡
ԿԿ껵ʵڼ޾ŽʦΣǼǿĴڣŷǿһ㣬һЩ
ʵҲ㲻ˡ
ʤϵ
ʱȥûս
ǣ껳Ϊһˡ
Ҳ˿֪Լʵ˵Ķ֣ǳֵĻԼûκλᣬֻսˡ
Һ˶ûг֡
ԼҪڣμǱ˷ܷǳ
ã껻һµս̨˵ȡһû⣬Ͼʵǳǿ֮һ
ȡһҲȡһ
һ԰ԵֻһͦΣ˫۴׳ӵ˱̨
Ǯ
һ޾Žʦǿߣıһͨڣڹ˸ʲôƶɣɢ֮
Ǯ㡣
һᣬһ̨趯˫ȭɫâͬӡǮ
ҹһȥ
Ǯһһ糤һ㣬ءһͽ˴˳ȥ
Ǯʤϵ
һԿǮʵڼ޾Žʦǿߡ
˭Ǯվڱ̨ϣ˵
⡭
ŰԵޱȵǮ˶һʱɡ
ߡٿȻһֻһű֮Ӱϱ̨
Ƿ
ϡ
ǮҲһû뵽ΪĴ޵оŽʦķȻôͳˡ
ֻ˵綼Ҫ֣ѡһĶ֣ǮҲ̫ˣɡ
ߣʵȷʵǿҽ뿴Һ֮Ĳൽж󡣡ȻǮҲǵСų֮ȻԷҲҪһս
Ҫʧˡĵ
ž
ԷǮóϵĵƣһԪ⻡Ӷ鲼ܣ֮ͬ񣬽䣬Ҫѹ
衣
Ǯһڷ裬ɽӣԵĹʩչһۼĹۻӶȥͬǧǿһ㡣
ƣ
Ȼ˹ֲһ䵽Уȴҡͷһ𵴡
䡱һ
һǹâгͬħһ㣬顱һͽ޾⻡˺ѣݺݴǮϣ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
ڻ˭ͷ·һͨޱȵ飬ʵ
ƣ˽亹ð̨
Ŀ˸Ŀȴ䵽˳ϣǹһ˿Ц
ȴ鵭ȻԲų̂ӡ
ãûսͻõڶĵͷ˵
лϡһݣ±̨
ɶ񡣡Ǯޱȣû뵽Ȼʱ֣ԼܣֻлָʵȺ漸ȥˡ
ৣ
һ̣˵ϱ̨
Ծ½½Уʮ־ʣšŵӶѡ
ϾһҲʢᡣ
ҲգҲȡһɡֻ徹Ȼվ˳һϮƮ˱̨ϡ
峤ϣ䡣ոմһˣԭ׳־䣬ҲƵ뿪̨
ȤҡҡͷҲ֪ԼʵʵûһԼĶ֡
壡
˿ҲƵ䣬ԭЦȴûЦǲһɣԼĻҲѡ䡣
ǿ߾Žʦһ֮ĵһˣû˵ս
ˣ˳õ
߸
ԽԽ٣༫޾Žʦǿ߶ˡ
Խλ޾ŽʦųϸԻһ
ֻʣˡ
ҲԽԽҡ
һǳóЩ⣬ȻӣŶһһˡ֮֮Ƶĳӡ
ϧǣΪԺճ֣ǿƥ̬ǹķâȻˡ
ʣţȻԵķâڵȻǶһǿߣȥʵҲڷõΪһλ̫ϳʦԵʣһԵҲ˵á
ǰЩӣҲСռ䣬ʮ
ڣǽʵ˼޾ŽʦֻǺһ֡
ܶŽʦĶ֣ȴǺ⡣
һóǣӴ֣ܶȻûһ˼սδûг֡
óԲò²⣬һжǺӵ˰ź˵ģϾмǿǱûгԵĻһһˣܹȥμǱ˵һԵ
ˣֻʣĸ
ৣ
ûκγɣ˱̨
ĸһ

ϳʱȫڡ
Գڳˡ
ǰҿǺϣܹԳϵʵ
˵ĲǴܶޣսԬǿ߰
һ˲䣬ǹڳԵû취Եͷʵ̫ˣ˱һһ˶ޣҲԬãսѾúܶˡ
ټԵʣԳǺܶڵӡϵĳݶ
ʶһͷȷ˻Ҫ
ʱ󣬶ûһ̨ս
ۣûһսѵԳҪս֮𣿡
ٺ٣ǵȻˣԳϵʵӹɵģЩĶ֡
һˣû֣ܹͳԳһսĻǾпͷˡ
۷׷ף˷ۡ


841 VS
ûս𣿡ʵ
ৣ
ֻһ𣬱̨𶯣һֱǹӰ˳Զ档

˲䣬ȫڣκ˶û뵽Ȼսԡ
һ㣬Զ⡣
ʼɡϿһۣ˵
ԣ֪֮ûг֣Ϊһս̧߰Դ·ڸӳԣ̬ư˵Ҿ뿴һܶޣԬɵˣкα¡
Ǿɡ˵
֪ĽޣóıɣΪҲ֡ǹ̺ǹ־ɶҡһһ˳ǹ䵽УɢһȦȦǹ⣬̻һѤá
ۣϺͳԳҪһսˡ
ڴ֪ϸǿǳԳϸʤһ
ǰԳȻֻǰ˽ʦȴӵ޵оŽʦʵһսԤϰ
ŵӣŵӣǳ϶¶ڴ֮ɫ
ͷҲ⡣
սԣ˲֣Ϊһˣ˭ֻҪʵͻսܹ
ͷˣ֮ûбսΪ̫ǿˣǶ֣Ծʵ£Ҳûս޾ŽʦȻУԾսĳԡ
⣬ҲۿԵʵ
ΪڳԣҲֻ˵ѡ
ߣսųҿҿԡ
ų޵Уսģ
Űɣһųݺݴܡ
Ա˵ԾܣҲܹͳԱ⡣
ܹɣʩʵ
һԡȭ˵Գʮ㡣
Ϻص˶ԳԶǺģȻ޵оŽʦûͬ޵вεĶҲԴ
ԣҲ⡣
˶ʮοипǰȻѾԤܹΪǿߣû뵽ٶ֮죬ܹ붫ݣ½ǿ棬𳽻Ըռţڵһȡõһɼĳ棬겻ѡ
ˡ
̨ϣԺսһ
˵Ŀⶼ˶ϣֻǶ˵ٶʵ̫죬ʦΪĵӣ˵ӰֻЩ߽ʦϣܿһս֡
ء
ֻԳֽųǹ˵ӰײһӲı̨ƽ棬ݺݹȥһ㡣
޵оŽʦǿߵսεľŽʦܹġ
սûһ˻ɣҪսԵĻ˵ġ
һ̣ǿ޵оŽʦսչ¶ɣ쾡¡
˫
ԵУ
𣡡
࣬ѳԵ֣ʼóԼɱС
ٷţ
ǣ
׻ױ
ԾҲҴ⣬Ͼǰӵʵʵ޵оŽʦս
ǾɱеĶԾҲԴʵʵ
ܹͶޱ⣡
ǳԵĳƶϡ
һƣǾ־Ľףɲǹ־Ͷܹġ
Ҳ˵һ׶ԸĶ֡
ءһ
Ժ˵Ӱ˿ǰҫ죬·𱻽ˣǹâ£ŹԣС

սȫڣƵһ߳
Ϊ˶֪ҲһԾǴ˴Ǳʵս
ԳϵʵȻǿþ϶޷ѹ
ԳϵĽףƺҹ۲һ£Ȼʩչ桢磬ԣһϿǱǿһ
찡Ǻܶ޵оŽʦ޷ƿصİҲֻ峤
붼ÿ£Գϲǽһ˰
̨£ʱһƬ
ԱȻ˷ܲѣߺų֣ΪźƺƴЩΪĳ϶ԹԱ졣
ϣʤ
찡̫ǿˣҪǡ
һҪ
Ҳǡ
أƴƼź˵Ҫ
䡪
һǿƥǹϢɢʮɿռ䷢֮·˿ռ䣬˳ǹ⡣
˲䣬䳡Ŀ
ߣȫһۣһͬǹâһĿ䵽ϣ˵ԣҪʵˣϣ㲻Ҫʧ
ž
δ䣬Ͼ˸һ⻡ͬ
ǹ⣡
һЮǹâͬڵһ򳽻ԣǳǹ趯˺ѿռ䣬̨һǹۣ˿񱩻
һ̣·ΪĴˡ
׽⣡
һԴͷӿ糱ˮһӿȥҫĽױȣŭһ
ꡱһ
ǹͱ׽Բ˼ٶ
ʲô
ɫһ䣬ԼԳԻ˽̫ˡ
Ͼ޵оŽʦǿߣս飬ߵգͱֶţҲѿˡ
֮ǹ⣡
ǹ趯ں˷һ㣬һǹţͬһһ㣬ںҹأһɾ֮⻪ӭ׽⡣
֮
һ˿Ц⣬Ȼֻ֮ǼǿһȻԣһԣЩκ˶ԱģҲΪܹΪܹ޵вεһսԭ


842 
Ҳ̤һǹǰ֮С
⣬սԵĵƣԴ
˵ͨ޵оŽʦǶޣҲսʤ
ϧǳԡ
ۡ
֮ȥ׽⣬ƽԣ¶һ˿֮ɫʱһɿ񱩡䡢ɭȻĿֲӳɢع鱾Դںͬеһ㣬ո
һռݵʮɿռ䣬ͷ·Ⱦīһ㣬һڰ磬нʬ顢
Դ֮
ʩչĳԣ·Եһ㡣
֮ڵȼϣ£ң
˵ܹ֮ͳԵԴȴûУҪ֮߳һΣԸ޷ֵס⡣
͡
һ֮У֮ⱻ߽⡣
Դ
ǺӡϺͶϵһۣǿ˱˴еľȣû뵽ԾȻԴҪ֪Ѿ˵ˣԾȻԴͲþˡ
ΪǣҲûƿıԴ
һ̣Ҳ˽⵽Եĵơ
ৣ
ɫ䣬û뵽ԼΪ֮Ҳ޷ѹƳԡ
͡
һУ⻡ͬһ㽻ֶ֯£֮ȫָ
Լٶ
ɶ񣡡
ɫˣǹ̳̺ǹ־ҡ
ءһ
ⱬը
һɱϵĽ棬·硣
˼˶ޱȣǳԳϣǿҲ޷
ΪҲڴһԾˡ
һ̣֮չֵ쾡£ǹϱ仯ɱƵܿŤת˾档
ҪڳռˣȴûǸܡ
ͨ쳹أ
ɱ
»ޣ
ҫԭ
ʽɱж޷κγԣЩðʧսˡ
ΪԼĶ֣˽̫ˡ
෴ȴûǣоõɱйѾʩչˣԼĻʮ֮˾ŻᶯõƣǳҪģΪҲ뿴Լʵһ硣
𽣹⣡
籩
ལ⣡
ԴͲ౾Դ߶ɱмһǳʩչϢȥѹ޷֮ˣԳͬ㣬ϵĹģķ
ҲΪв౾Դԭ򣬳ǿĶ֣Ԭǰ㣬赣Ԫľ
˻
˼˶ǵһԭܹѾǳԾˣû뵽ȻѹƵ˲Уֵûˡ
⳽̫ǿˡ
սܶ޷ͬ˿Ա⣬޹ֺԬҲɵ
ǰս¾ǿ߶Զˡ
޲ֳ̾ʵѾǵ
ûнĻҶ޷ѹ忴ųԣĿоâ˸
ǿսȻ
һԾǺӣŵӣۼԵʵʵˡ
Ϊ֮ǰǶڳԵ˽ⶼͦ˵ֻмٲ˼ʩչȫ
ȻΪ˷ܵɾԱˡ
ų̫ǿˡ
ѹƣûз֮ųͻƾŽʦĻҲǿ߲εʵһͻʦ޿ܡ
˵Ĳų¶һ֣ҿ˭
һЩԺԱЦ˵
ǻŬսȭͷĬĬĵ
ԣصʮ˶ĬȻ
Ŵ洫Ӻšųϵļ룬ǵʵֻеȴڣڳԱ¾ǵ״ˡ
ҲΪˣһֳԱԿϵЩ
ʵ
ڼԵķˣϵҪʵѾ¶Ժ󣬾ͽʮչأȡͻеΪ
ৣ
ڴʱԼѾƵ˱̨أĺۼ
𣡡
ҪͷһȫԪĵˮʣ󽭴һৣžһɫԸֳһԵ֮
ˡһ
һǿƥϷӿ

Х绢ɽ֣ʨڲԭڣ帡ֳͬһıʣޱȣζ
ž
ֻӲֵ˳ԵĹͬһ򳽻ԡ
顱һ
Աײ˳ȥ
治
֮䣬ת汾ԴͲ౾ԴһУֻԾͬһһǰ˰Ե˫
һ
һն£ʢ˥ʱʢ˥ı仯һϵõ̵ڹ͡
ֳ
һ̣ҲҲ׾ˣóԼĵƹֶΣǹ־ǹâͬǹһ㣬ǹ⻮ƿռ䣬¹תһ³ǰХһ򳽻ԡ
¡
ĥ̴С̺ˣռ·һ
ʢ˥ʱ֮£Ȼǳٽ
Ԫ
齣ɽʮɫ
¡һ
һռϷΣֶ¡
͡һ
ĹһӾͳٻͬǦһ㡣
ʲô
ɫ䣬ͷðһ亹æ˶֮䣬ǹ裬֮


843 ׼
ãˡɫһ䣬𾪵ĵ
⳽ԹȻǿǲ֪Ƿʵʵ˵
أ
֮ʣʩչ˲ྫ֮ľ˫ĿѣΣͨһ˱̨ϣһѪ

ʱȫڡ
Ӯˡ
ҲĶ𣿡
̫ǿˣ·ҲĶֻ֣ܹѹ
߶һ𾪣ɵĿ򳽻ԡ
ۣԳϴˡ
찡Գδ̫ǿ˰ɡ
ǰҲ֣ѹܹܶޣԬɵ
ȫӶǾ羴Ŀųԡ
һսȫУš
ųҾ֪Ķ֡
Ҳսųֱֿԡ
һս»ԽԽҪ
ÿһԱ˷ޱȣݵĿųԡ
ϵҲǳ˾죬Ŭǿʵ˼ҲԽԽǿҡ
ڿԬҲĶˡǺĿųԣ˵
սѾ޽ӽǿ߲ΣΪûͻƵԭ򣬿ºѴﵽΡĿⶾ˳Եı֮
ϵͷ˵
һսԻʤ
ɶһһҪ㡣ҧų˵
һλս̨ɡȴǲ˵
ԣ˶
ûսǺãڳԻõ߸˵
ԣ΢΢ͷһ䵽档
ЩԵԤϣȻǰϵ껡
껵ʵȴӹɣǴλ֣õڰ˸
ھŸá
һС
һʱΪ޸ƣǿƵǳû˸սĿһ
ǣڲμǱԱȷֱǣ塢ԡӡԽ껡֡Ǯ
ǺӾºǰݡݡݽ紦һв֮ɽС
塣
ȫԱʼ˱չ
ڣһϢ
ͻ˵ʦ
ʮָˣ̵츳ǿŵĻ߽״ʦѴﵽڣŵԳɾ͸߽׵ʦͻƾŽ״ʦһ඼޷ͻƣͻˡ
ҲǽһԵĽᡣ
ʵĶʵ
һΣܹͻƵʦʮԭûеĻͻơ
Աȴмǿ츳ͻʦ嶤飬ǧԪóһղͻʦͬͨһȻˣ綼뿪Լ
̣ǳΨһһˣ뿪Լ
ԳԲдһʡ
Ϲʱȷʵʵߵҩ½ܴ챦˵
˵˵Ե
תصǰߵϹʱڶǼΪһֶҩҪžŰʮһݣݣƴ˵ĹؼϷ㣬ˣΪѪ½Ѿû壬Բݡ˵
ѵûκϣ𣿡Բʵʵ
С
ʲôԼæʵ
뿪½ǰλ棬½ֻһĴ½ϡ޷ĵرλһڣȻеλ档˵
ѵ½Ҳֵȼʵ
Ϲʱڣ½һеλ棬Ϊ⵽ħԵĴΪλ棬͵ȴ½㲻ϡ˵
ӣħҲзʡ¾ѪͻȻ˵
˵Ե
ħһħɷĵҩʣֻħ壬µĻͻħԡ¾Ѫ˵
ħԣüͷһ壬ʵҪʲôϡ
ٺ٣ӣһζǰħ񼶱ħħҩ⻹Ҫħݡɷˮħ嶥ϡ¾Ѫ˵꣬ҲЩڵĳ˵ʵ̫̣ŵ˵ܹͻʦĻǰħ磬ŪĻᡣ
ˣ֪ˡ³һ˵
ҲףʣⱾ֮٣ǲɡ
˷¾ѪķҲǸоڵԼ˵̫ãˡ
ڿҲֻŬȡͻʦ
ǱڼҲҵʱ䡣
һΣλ̫ϳϴ쳽ʮǰ֮
֪ʱ͹ȥˡ
ǰһ죬ϻôСռ
һ죬óǲĿУ뿪壬Сݡ
˴ӣ̫Ϻ̫߳ϴ죬нʦܡ
һΣͨǰ̫֮Ͽ˳һۣ˵Ϸ
һСһտռڡ
ɡ̫ϵ
ʮ˽봫
ৡһ£һռ˳Եϣǰ仯˴Ϳռ֮С
ռڲʮְȫûκ
Ҫһʱִ֮ܵǿϢһ¡һֱû˵̫߳Ͽ˵
ǡ
ԣԵ˶ϥ㾫
ÿһ˶ڴǱĳ档
һ½žۻᡣ
ͬʱҲһغδ˵սÿһݲ߶˾޴ʹ
ֻÿһ֪ûκεϣ
һûпʼѾע˽ֵսÿһȥŬȥȡΪΪ
Ҳһʹ֮ս


844 ֮
̫Ϻ̫߳϶ɨ˳Եһۣ䵽ϡ
ڵΨһᣬҲǶݵΨһᡣ
뵽Ŀ䵽˳ϡ
˵һ漣ȻѾǰ˽ʦЩǿ˵̫ˣΪһʢᣬֻٲ˲ǣǾǿ߲εľŽʦǿߡ

ţ϶ǲһ̾
̫ϣ߳ϣһŬġ˫ۣŶһᶨ˵
ҲǡͷҲͬʱ˵
Ҳǡ
Ϊڶս
Ҳһսڵ
˹Ŀƣһֿ˵
ãá̫οͷֻҪͿˡ
ˣҲδػ˥ȥ̫߳Ͽ˳һۣЦ˵
̫߳˵ǡȻ̫߳˵ĻǾʮܹӢϽĻڲ˥䣬Ǹǿ
ȻҲ֪һжΪԡ
ڼԿʼǰ߶ʮѺãδΪѻ߲мһ˿м
ͷȻɻ󣬵ȴ˫ȭգᶨĿ⣬ǵ
̫ϣǶݵĶֶ˽⣬ܷ˵һ¡Ȼʵ
ڳϳ˿ڼǰ˽ԼֵϢҲ׼
ԼķֻᣬĳѾռ˹ǵϢȵ˲֮ͻὫǱǿߵϸǡ̫϶⣬˵Ǳע⣬ݹϵǿߡ
ֱݵȺŻ¶ݵĹһڷ粻ݵĵԪż޼ɡɽǡɫ˵ȻҲǿ߲εľŽʦǿߣȴдǿߵʵԱΪ콾
콾
Զ𣬹ƺ֪˾Բ򵥣жŮ˵Ĵڡ
˵ĻҪӲƴ̱â̫˵
ǣ˼æӦ
󣬴ͿռһĬС
ӦóЩ˵̫߳Ϻ̫Ͻʶ˵
̤ϴһ̣ⳡѾʼˡ̫˵
ǰ֪̫ˣҵǳܲ˰̫߳ϸ̾
ǾǷֵֻսˣܹΪǿߵˡ̫һھ˵ǵ𣿡
֪ˣͿܷһˡ̫߳ϳĬһᣬ˵
ϵĶԻûбԵ̸֪ݣȴ׼ȷԤϵ˳Ե˵ľ
һ⣬Ժ˶оѹԽˡ
ԭΪǿ߾ǾŽʦߵΣû뵽滹콾Ĵڣζܹ뵽ġ
Ϊ̤ǿ߲ΣǶΪһ˿ᡣ
Ϣͬȵһ㣬ҡ
ݡûκλᣡ
ȻˣԭսⲪͻȻоһֻǸͻǿ߲ζѣһ͵ȵĴڣһ֮û뵽滹и콾ܹǿߣл
ûУ
Ժֻ֡
£־ȵȸϡ
ܿ죬ͷð亹촽ڷ
ͬʱͷҲǸеûϣͷ·һƬڰѹǵ飬޷ѡ
á
̫Ϻ̫߳Ͼ쵽˵״̬ɫ䡣
ͣȻѾƴһսΪλҪеأǧһ֮ʣͻȻһ˵
¡
һȣͬԺ𣬾ͬඥڰˮȥһ㣬˲ǻָ
ৣ
ֻһ˲˶亹ֱð˴ˣһ£󼸺ûһ˶򳽻ԣ¶м֮ɫ
˵öԣѾһսʲôµģǵһѹģǴ˵Ҳһ£û뵽Լ־ȻҲ֮УǳԼʱѵĻԼľʵ󽵣򳽻ԣм֡
ǰǱûʲôϣȻˣʲôúµģ
Ҫȫһս
ȫһս
Խԣæ˵
һ⣬򳽻ԵĿ⣬˸м
˵ĶԣǲҪ£һսݸһл񣬶˵
ԣҲҪᶨ
һ̣˶ָԭе̬еӼᶨˡ
лл㳽ԡ幰˵
ղǺա
ԳϣȻʵңҾ塣
ԳϾǴҰ
껵˶˵һмϾղŵʵ̫Σˣ־ʴΪ󽵣пܲħԶ޷ϽһԸղŵľٶ˵ͬǾǵ
ҿˣҳԾͿԣҶͬţӦ໥֡Լæ˵Ҳʮָˣû뵽һٶȻӮô˵Ͽɡ
ԣǰϣ㲻Ҫƽϣ̫խˡһ£һҧųԹְݵ
ˡԼæ˵һ˿죬û뵽ȻôԼԼ飬ͷɸ߿һۡ
ڳÿһˣͷΪ˿ǼΪ˽⣬Ҳû뵽Ȼ򳽻ԵǸЩ㵣ϲ˵ӳҲĺ˼֡


845 һ˿
һĻ̫Ϻ̫߳Уǳһ򳽻ԣ֮ɫ
һٶʮһγһɱ֮ǰǿ
ڣʮ˶Žǳԡ
ŵ˵ڳеĵλеĵλҪߡ
ǾŽʦͺˡ
ͬʱж뷨
ΪԵʵĿõģ˽ʦܹ޵оŽʦǾŽʦĻȻǼǿǿ߾Žʦ
һҲھһ˿ᡣ
ϧԲǡ
ˣҲƴһսľġ
ʱ仺ţͿռֻͣѾһƽ̨ϡ
֮ˡ̫߳˵ȥ֮ǸϷ˾Ϳɡ
ǣݣǲ鷳ͲҪ¡̫һ˵
ǡԵͷһݣæӦ
ݣ½ǿݣҲһƬʥء
ǿƣ̫̫ǿĴڣǿ󵽾ڶ׵
ڣڶҲǵһţݣֻǶš
һ㣬˶
߰ɡ
̫ϼ˻
Ե˸ڶϺ棬ʯֻһƬޱȣǧɴСƽ̨ܣʮʯ½½һһŵӴ߳ųϻԵľӢӣʮˣˡ
һ⣬һǿߣһǾŽʦ˵УǾǳԡ
λ̫ϣ߳ϡ
ʱ˷ɿıǰݵס޵ĵطѾ׼ˡ
·̫ϻ˵
ǡ˼æ˵
Ȼڰڶݵĸˡ
ʵϣÿһţ½ݰиˣΪľռŵϢ
ﾹȻǰɽ֮δҲ̫ЩɣԽǵһɾ
Ҳ¶֮ɫҲ⡣
ȻڰɽȻǰһ˵֮ͷȴǵһ
ԱһЦӦ˵μǱţǵһ
Ϊ֮ݼ󶥼ѳֻ֣Ǳ٣Ŷ⿪
ЩųϡеľͲǵһˡ
磬̫Ϻ̫߳ϵ˾ˡ
ûʲôɿģ߰ɡ̫ϻ˵סﲻܷУ򲻹˭Ҫ⵽ػɱ¾
ǣ
ԣ˶ǻָɫæں档
ʶһȻְвػʦܡ
ͷһݣҲǲؾظڶϺ󷽡
һ·˲ֲ֮棬ֻһƽ̨ǧɴСڰɽϣˣдƬ̨ͤ¥󣬸ǽߣϷһƬ⾰ܹܵһɹɲã˵顣
ھٰǱĵط
ûһ˵ȥ
Ǳмſʼֹκڡ
ܿ죬Ե˾һ¥вٷݣȻݻøɾʺ˾ס
Ǳ⼸죬Ǿסһһ䷿̫˵
⣬ǱžУǿԾڷҲԳȥ˽һЩסǲµģҲɱ˵鷢רűȶĵطһĵӣҪСӦԡ̫߳һ˵
ǡԵ˹Ӧ
̫ϡʱǼһӡ
ǰɡ̫ϵ
ûһһŴ˴βμǱѡԼǵĸϣǿһ£֪֪˲ܰս̫߳˵
Խӹһǰ˶ŵ¼Ĳӣصĺϸ
һҳǻ¶粻Ԫ桢޼ɡ˵֡
콾
ֻһӶֱӷݣǱ
޼ɣ
ԭ


ڳʧ֮ʣǷˡŷѩ֡
Ե¶һĨˣԼڿٴοˡ
һ뵽ŷѩԼǰǿųõģһ˿
ˣǸԻݿɡ̫ϲĿ˳һۣ˵ҪȥĻõĽȥ
ԣ˶ͷ
ڶݣһȷʵкеʵ˲ֻ֮һͨͨĲߡ
Ϊۼ½һܳš
ǾͬһˮΣ˴ƽ档
ҴҲֻ޵оŽʦϵ̨档
Ȼ˶гȥ˼ֻǶҪ˽ԼĶ֡
ܿ죬˾ͻصԼݡ
ڶ죬ڷ
ʱ
ֻϥʯϣ˫ۣĵ
֨һ
˽΢Ц
׼ȥ𣿡ʵ
һʣûȤǵĶжǿͷ˵ȻᣬҾۿҪһ㣬Ҳ뿴Ϲ֮ʱǱصĲ֮к֮
Σʵ
ҲáԳ˵롣
ʵϣҲ׼ȥȻһĿؾ뿴ܷ񿴼ŷѩβ˽ԼĶ֡
Ѿˡͬ⣬Ҳʮָ˵
ܿ죬߳ݡ
ֻ¥棬Խ˾һ
ˡ˵
߰ɡԳԱ΢Ц˵
һʮ˳֮
סڲ֮棬Ҳס˲ߡ


846 ټ
һʢᣬŽʦһץһѣǧ򣬸Ϊٵʦܡ
ڵˡ
һ˸յϹƽ̨˵Ե˵ݡ
ⲢóԵ˾⣬ôҲǶݵһţԵҲͳһųϵķΣһ۾ܹϳ
ǺǣôǰǱݶδܽǰʹöŨȴ󽵣Ϊ֮ĩûжپӢţǿΪݵһŵڣһǿ߲εľŽʦûУŵж಻ˡ
ʦŵ̫ϳ˵죬һǱҲĻŨȻήʷ͵㣬ʱݿ¾Ҫ֮гˡ
¶Ҳ˵ˣһǱǰĻ¾Ͳ˥ȥΪһƬ֮ء
Ǻǣ㿴ǵʵܹǰ𣿡
˵ĲһǱñҲ֪䶨ˣһһ
̫ˡ
ܲۿΧŶ̸ۡ
ңһʼǾͲöݡ
ȴʵˮƽ̫ˣǳ÷ӡռƳʮĻͻǿ߲ΣˣҲζŶһ˿ᡣ
ЩмƵ䵽Խ˶Уһŭɫ
ɶ񡣡ƢĶɫʱɭȻ
Ҫ嶯æ˵סλ̫ϳ˵Ļ
ԣսȭͷɿɫȻԽ˵ɫҲÿ
ȻҲòȥ̫ϵĻҲǿˡ
߰ɡ˵
һƽ·δ
һ·˲֪ݲߵʵ޵оŽʦεĲ߼洦Լֻһ£Ϳʮϰˣֻٲּ޾ŽʦԽ˶һ
ۼ֮ǲ˽˶ݺݵĲࡣ
塣
ȻԶһˣߺȻǺͳйһ֮Ե硣
аˣҲС
磬Ҳ˽֣̬ȻƮȻ
šͷȻһͻˡ
Ȼ˵
һֱǶ֣˴˽⣬û뵽徹Ȼﵽǿ߲ΣɫһͻָɫɫڣҲἵ㣬ȴΪеˣϲ㡣
仰ҿ𣿡Ц
ȻᣬҺ㻹һսԺ󡣡ĿƵ
ҵš
ǺǡԺǺһЦĿ䵽˳ϣ˵ԬҲˡ
ԣɫһ䣬ʱɲϣԬսԼ
ģԬȻӼһ㣬ǲ֪صˣδһʤʱһʯһ˹
Ԭ
ԡ塢˿ȥֻһµԬ˹
áԣԬ˵ӡɺһ㡣
ڳ˶֪ǴǶݣһϵˣìܣҲǸìܣغδʱ̣ȻǺ׵׿һ¶⡣
ͻˣԬҲһս˲ಮ٣˿ҲɫһȻǺЦ˵δûһᡣ
Ƹۣûʲôµġ忴˳һۣĿᶨ˵
ˡ
⻰̺Ƶ־˶Уޱȣܹоǲɶҡľģÿһһ𣬸оǿżᶨ
Ԭһۣͷ˵
ÿһеᶨһ֡
ǿ߾ŽʦܹӰ˵־
ǳĽ׽־ĻҲܵӰ졣
ߣһȺ֪֮ͽ
Ȼһʱ˵
ֻӲԶһˣһÿһ˶ͦΣϢŨˣϢԨ̽ϤȻǿ߲εľŽʦ
ڣ
ˣ塢Ԭ˶üͷһ塣
ޡ
ԡ
ͬʱԺͶ޶˱˴ˣɫһ£Ŀޱȡ
ŶޣǴĳ𣿡һλǿ߲ǿȤĿ򳽻ԣһ˿мʵˣڣǿ߾Žʦ֮һǣһˣԱߵԬ
޳ɫ𪣬ʮֵ䣬򳽻ԵĿ⣬һִ̬·ڿһ΢һ㡣
Ԭ΢һЩһͷïܺڷһֽӰƣǹһ˿м˵ޣһ˽ʦͰˣʵ˲˰
Ԭ˵ǣ⳽ԷͬˣսԶԶ߳ΪԬҲĶ֡ԬǶȴǲţǵͷһĵ̵˵
û취ԬǶǿ߾Žʦ׾ٵ顣
޺޶˵˵иǷߺ޳ԣԼΪ˿еЦ⻰ԳԵĺ޸ˡ
Ԭ˭ԬɴûӣҲһһĲˡԬĿһۣǹһĨм
Ԭŭ
ԬĿٿȻһ䣬ȻЦ˵ҿǿ
δ䣬һƥϢɢųԵ˷
ͨͨͨ
˲䣬ڡڡ޼ڵӾ˹˵ϡ
ʲô
ɫ䡣
޵оŽʦεߣûеֵ˫дѾڵϡ


847 
ֻ䣬ͬبʹڵ
һ˾壬һ˾ǳԡ
һ㣬嶼֣һ޵оŽʦΪȴǰ˽ʦɣսǿ󣬵Ծεѹƣ˵Ӧ޷ֵǡ
ôܣһΰ׵¶ŵɫţԾȻֵܹԬǿ߾ŽʦѹĻҲ޷ֵ˵Լ볽֮вСࡣ
ڲҲһԾĿųԡ
СӡԬҲһĴԣԭǲԷеģȻ˶ޣǿ߾ŽʦǰȻûеֵԤϣɫЩѿ
ߣ
صһһǿ߲εȭ־Ȼ䣬ͬһϳ৶·Ҫû
ɫһ䣬ԬѾȭ־ĽףҲﵽףǿ߾ŽʦֶΣɼһߣҪֵȻԵȵԬ㲻Ҫ̫
ˡһ
һͬǿ߾ŽʦϢɢԬȥ
Ȼͻǿ߲ΣƵ־ҲﵽĽףȻԵֵԬ
ءһ
ɼǿȭƵ־ײһͬ״죬
һһ̺䡢յϢڿռ֮䷢֮
ৣ
˶ʱɫһɣվֱԬĿ⣬Ǽɵ򳽻Եʱȴǳһ˿졣
㾹ȻͻˣԬһ˿죬ЦԭΪûһҵĶ֣ڿҵ͹ˡ
ߣûпĻҲֻǸͻƶѡ˵

ߣǾͱһȰɡ˵
ԣɫһͣɫЩѿ
֡Ҫֹ
ǣǱ죬Իһսƽ˵ߡ
ˣǵݸһ
վסǵѹһҧ˵ǰңҪս㣬һѩǰܡ
ޣ˵καԶڡ˵
޼ԣǰȻ壬ȴǲòɵǺԬ˶Լһ˵壬볽֮ĶԹûȨ֡
Ƕ޺ͳ֮ĶԹѵ𣿡ԬЦ˵
޴ǰһʱܸԣҪֻȻ顣ǽĿƵ˳ϣЦ˵˵㲻ҽսµĻǾȰ˵޲սˣȴҪǸ
ٺ١˶ЦĿųԣһԶģ
ɶ񡣡㻰÷ɫ࣬ԬǶǳƣȴë
ԡҪȰ衣
һ°ܽѣܹһΣͲڶΡԿҲǶˣһƽĶԶ˵
ɶ̫ˡŭ
ߣһ°ܽ޳ܣͲ𣿡˿
ϻ˵̨ϾʤɡǴϵ
ĿкȼգȻûͻǿߣȴǽѧͨһΣһŴµһɱͲţԼܸԣ
·Եĵ
㡭ŭ
Ҳ̨֪ԺЦ˵
һɶھһ£һҪúĥ㡣
֣̫嶯ˡ
˶ˣãֻôߡۺâ
Ƕ̫۸ˡ
ǣҪúýѵǶޡԽ
ðɡ̾һ˵ްܸһΣڻս㣬һЩֶΣҪСġ
֪Եͷ
ܿ죬һ˾˾޴ƽ̨һʮɸߵʯ̨ķɢһɺϢ
̨
Ϲžʹı̨
ǱԹУȻһЩڴ֮ǰͽжԾǾ˹̨ĵ
κ˶̨Ծ
̨úֲϽɣѾ˿֪ܹ겻Ѿ˵
һ·һ˶ʱ˳ǧĲߡ
ȻǲǱȳǱԬǺϾǿ߾Žʦۼһ𣬶Ǳ˴˶ȻǺ˵ע⡣
ڵԬǣһ˺Ƕڵ塣
ԬǶǿ߾ŽʦףҲǿ߲Σȥķǹ̨
ѵҪϹ̨ԣ
˻һ˶ǿ߾ŽʦԾǺѼģǾ£˹
ৡһ¡
ֻ޽һţ䵽˹̨ϣĿƵĶųԣ˵ԣɣ
ף˱ԣǶޣ
Ǻǣ޿ǱݵһޣҪսĳԲǽΪݵһ޵𣿡
˲ѾһԾⶫ޻ܸǳԣ
Ŷ⳽Ժǿ𣿡
˵ֻһ˽ʦ
۵ʱ򣬳ͬչһӵ̨ϣһһ޼᲻ݵĽϢ
ǳԣôֻǰ˽ʦΪ
Ǹ˰ɣȻǿ߾ŽʦôҲǱݵһޣȻսһ˽ʦ
ûд¼ĳԣȷʵֻа˽ʦΪΪ۷˶νͣ˶ޡ
Ŷ˵ҿҪúÿˡ
ⶫѾܹһˣھȻսһˡ


848 ս
˼ԵΪǳһսȴһ˿ڴ
ԣһҪ㡣ս߰
һܸңһҲ⡣һƽ
ɶ񣬽Ҿʶһ£ʵ޴һԵſĺ
ˡ
һֻһɵɫԪⲨֳͬ׻һ㣬һҶơ
֮
Ȼµĥ֮󣬶޶֮򣬸һЩ

Կ˶һۣδһ̱ͬʱֻ£䡣
һ͡νĽϢӿγһڣڳܡ
һ֮ս
һǱݽһˣһǶݽһˣһ֮ĶԾ
֮սһݵĽһˣ˵½һһ޵ͷûй
ǧ½ݵǿ߾ۼ˹̨ܣǿ߾ŽʦҲ١
ϡ
һֻ֮ްγһѽɫʵıӡӡԣÿͬһԡ
ѽ֮ǰʹõˮһϹű
𽣷â¶ͬһͣսķѹȺۡ
ԣѽܹϣ㽾ĿȵĿе𽣣·ⲻһѽһֿһ㣬ȶԴԼҪϧ
֪һ˵һѽԼĵڶ
ԣ˶ܹо޶𽣵С
ԴעѪ
塭·һ㣬ڶзԽͺһþδսսʿһս
겻û뵽㻹ô¡ȡ齣ž޲˵
ٳѿ֮һȻŤͬһĹߣһֽܵķʽӽԡ
Ϲѧɻ
ùߵԭеһƶʽѲ׽ߵӰ
һʩչⲽ޾΢΢⣬ԬǶ˶ҪЩҳԼĲţһ޷ԼӰ
Ҫһдﰵ롣
綫Ԥϣȷʵû뵽ȻĲ
ѹսԼ֪֮ǰԼҲöûа취ǲͬȫ־ǿĿֻмѭܹҳһЩ˿
οһ۾ͿҲֻǸⲽѡ
гɣ
֮⡣
һɫâڳ˫֮Уǰһӱ
ֻ޼ĽӽԼһĹ⻡
ж·ߡ
ΪĶޣ˿ڳУȴȫ
һС족ʩչ
һ
ԳΪģɢ˰뻡εĻ𺣣д˷Եͬɳһ㣬ԽԽƸǼķΧ۽ˣһ۾ͿԿһȫһ㣬۶ɢҽڴ
·ߣǶҪǰ·
ף⳽ԹȻӡ
޵ײһ֪ʮָϹŴѧɣҪƽЩϰû뵽⳽˿ͷ˶ײ·ⶫݵһ޲˵
ǺǣҲΪδⲽɵԭǴɵĻ⳽Կ¾鷳ˡ
һᣬԵƽⷽʽһЩǿ߾Žʦǿߵע⣬ЩԾԼǵ͹ˡ
СˡԬü˵
ǺǣûϵŸտʼѡЦ
̫ļˣ޿ɲֹЩֶΡԬɫһ˵
ֻһЦȴǲ
ʵǿˡ˵
ײӦЩѡΪȻ
ⶫ޹Ȼ̡
ôܣ
һû뵽ԾȻַʽֹԼǰУγһػԼ˲á
ףֻҲڽ
ɶ񡣡
ԿνǶ޵ĵһУԼ澡ʧ˳ЦһٰܸԵĻ޲Щ˻ЦԼĸĶ˵ֱǱɱҪܡ
ֽԲ
һŶԳԳ޵ӣ
ɱ
޵Ŀг˳ޣ𽣶·һ޵Ĺ
ɱ
һ֮ϯͬӿɽӡ
ֻһ˲䣬ռݵĹ̨ͱ˰ɫ֮ͬǧڿռиһ
׽⣡
ȻԴܹһΣٴȻûӣʩչֶΣûκε顣
齣һͬʱãһ£Ļⷽռ䡣
أ
֮ݺײ˷׽ϣʱһ𶯣ɫɫɫɫâ֯һγһ˵Ļ棬ȴ̺˿µɱ⡣
Ƕ޶ԳԵĳӡ
¡¡
Ժͽ֪Բô׶Ըģͬʱ߹ɽ
Уޱ
ৡһ¡
ֻ𽣵£ͬ˺ѳգǺӺһ㣬ǰ
һ̣޵ʵչֵ쾡¡
ûκεĽҡ
ƣ
ն
֮
޶Խƿʮִ죬磬⶯ֱǴﵽһ֮
ɱУԾͿжϣڽֽһΡ
ȻռݾԵƣڽ־ϣǶܹģһӹɡ


849 һޣ1
ٷţ
׻籩
𽣹⣡
ҲһɱУⶫ޵ĹռһϷ硣
ɱ
ɫ䣬˫۳ޣںϽԺչ˾ɱ
¡һ
ֱһƬ֮ɫͬˮɳ̲һ㣬̺ˮһɾɱ飬նһС
һ޴˱ɱ֮ġ
һ޴󣬼ʮ޾ŽʦҲֵס
ȫԿ϶˵ʱĥ޵սѾ˴޵оŽʦ
ն
˫𽣣ǲӲӵĹԾͬһļһ㣬ΪģųûȥҪɡ
Ȼ͹˳Ե
հν
һгƣհνݿϯ̰˻ĵơ
¡һ
ǿµɱ¾˲䱻𣬶һֲ˼ٶȾ򶫷ޡ
ʲô
һ̣ɫһ䣬漴һҧݣŭһ˫͵̨棬ͬһͷɫʨ򳽻ԡ
ɱ
һɱк򳽻ԣǾ޴ĽˮͰϸͬӾ⽵٣ն򳽻ԵͷЦԣһҿôֵ
Ԫ
һ˫潣УƣؽռϿֶ¡
ִĽɫ϶´£ûռ䣬ٶȴ󽵣֮
֮
Ԫʩչ֮󣬳۾һ˫ĺɫ̽ݺݵĴ򶫷޵ľ硣
ʱ޵Ժо˿ֲɭζ
֮
һ֮۽ԣۣ֮ӡӡԣӭ֮
޵ٶȴǴܵԪӰ죬һ
ֻǳȻǺɵʩչһǾ֮࣡
֪޵ľ̺֮ԣ֮δֵܹס˲ྫ֮Эδˡ
͡
̷֮
֮һεĹţûκ˻ںܶУ񹥻ߵĵơ
һĻУΪԺͶ޶õˡ
⳽ԹȻǿ治ǰ˽ʦ
⳽ԵսҲ쳣ֲȫܹԳƶϡ
ǰһҪѪĶǺѴˡ
䵽ԬǶ˶У̨ϵһĻɫǲÿû뵽ϹϹŽĶޣȻ޷ѹƳԡ
ȴǸˡ
ⶫҪٴΰڳˡ
Ǻǣֿԣûҳ顣
ҪҲףϾⶫ޽С
˿̨ϣĳԡ޶ˣ۵
ɱ޼
Щ䵽޵У쳣Ĵ̶о裬һóԼĵ֮һ
Ͽ裬һ裬һ䡢˥ζûκεĹ켣־ĥ޷͸
һ˶ʮʮһն£̨ռ䶼˲ļ󣬾ͬռ籩һ㡣
ͣ
ն£Ὥζ·Ҫ˥
һ·ǳ
λñ䣡
һ˲齣һӣһãλζĽз
ৡһ¡
ǰľ̷˸ı䣬·𿴼ԼڳϣǱԺݺݵĲڽ£ƾá
ǳԽ׺֮󣬵һʩչλñ䣬ʵ֮תѾ˷Ǽ١
һᣬ޾ܵӰ졣
⣡
ĺӶϯֱ㾡ӵҲϴȥԳԵԹޡ
ۣ
۵һһѪ
ڣ
ৣ
ڶѪĿã˲䣬ʩչ˾񽣣ޡ
Ŀͫеĳ޷·棬򳽻ԡ
һڶԺ־ȻʱͻĽס
ϧǳˡ
͡һ
һռԵĽϣѪϸߣͬ߷һ㵹ɳȥݺݵˤ˹̨ϣѪֽϢ˥˼㣬ϵ·Ҳò
ֻһˣûһս֮
ûκ˻һ̺˿ռϣֻҪʱѹһǶ޽ںϣҲ޷ֵ
һսǰܵûκεҡ
ȻˣĽ־ȴͻĽףҲζ˴ﵽǿ߲ε
֪Ҫﵽǿ߾Žʦ־ͱﵽĽס
񣬶޴ﵽˡ
Уû˳ޣĨȥǵѪѵĿᶨĿų˵ԣһսˣܿҾͻ㣬ΪҸоͻǿߵ͵űҴܰɡ
ৡһ¡
¹̨·Ǻ³ɱԼһ
ʵϣȷʵ롣
ںò׸о˴ﵽǿߵĻᣬȻϣԼڳС
ϲ㶫ޡ
ԬǶ˶ӱ˴пһ˿𾪣Դ޵̬ȣ֮ǰȴһϣһ£ڵҲһ
ǧݵҲˣδΪްܸ˳ԣҲڳмͳһ˿ɵ


850 һޣ2
Ϊ޵Ľ־ͻĽס
˵ͻﵽǿ߲ΣԲҶ
Ԭ˶ɫЩѿȻӮˣȴ˲
̨ϣҲأüͷҲǲһ¡
ΪҲû뵽޾Ȼܹͷ־ͻĽס
ɣ޵оŽʦսﵽǿ߲μ嶤飬ʱ¾鷳ˡ
ֻڳҲûа취ܲɱ˶ޡ
룬ԬҲֹԼ
ˣ鲻ɱó
޼˵Ŀ⣬Ϳϵ飬ͷʹ첻ѣоǰδеĳ졣
ĸо
ͷдﵽǿ߲Σ˵Ԭ֣֡ҾȻסˡ
ã롣ԬЦ
ҲûֹǣҲȲȥͻơ
Դ˶ޣ֪ݵĽһʵΣǷǳԵĶ֣
ݵŷ衢ݵĽݵ޵У˶һĽţǰ˵ʵ붫޲ಮ٣Ψ޵еʵǿҲпܴﵽǿ߲Σڿò˶ã޲ǡ
˽־ͻĽףʮ֮˾ŻˮɵĴﵽǿ߾ŽʦΡ
Ź̨ϵĳԣ˲
ĿһɨҪ뿪ȻһҪ𣿡
ŷ衢Ľˡ
Ȼ˾
ܼȺ֮гһյֻŵж˺Ȼ볽һ֮ԵŷĽ
ŲǶӣǿ߾Žʦ
ֻ⼸˲δµĿųԡ
Ƕʲôһ½һ޵һ˰ɣ
ҿδûܡ
ǰ콾ĶǽֻΪҪﵽһߵĲȴʮּѣҲΪϹǿ߲ͻʦʦܣΨֻôһˡ
һɾͽǾԵͬеǿߣϹʱ׽ھǿ߲ͻƵʦһ·߸ɾʦܣƽе֡
ˣҪڽǿ߲̫ˣغ
ǰȻݳƣȴ٣һɻصϹž̬һǱҲôǿ߾Žʦǳ콾
Ǵƻݣһ춫δǰĻݵȻ˵õʱпܳʦܡ
˶һۣ¼ߡ
Ҳһսüʵ
볽һսȻܹ־ĽףҲͳһսŷӢǳʳڳ֮УòкᲢߣ˵Ҳ崺硣
ŷĿ¶սĿųԣĽ־ͣѾܾãδͻƣһֱﲻǿ߲Ρ
ռ޺ͳһսǰ߾ȻͻĽףȻ־ϲͲסҪսԡ
ҲǡĽΰһɷǷƣһͷڷ裬һ񣬿򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ҳǳս⡣
ԣǶݽһˣݽһˣĻݽһˣڱݵĽһ˶ѾܣŽգǾ;½һһ˰ɡŷ緢˵
޵вڴˡޱ˵ĵôŷһս
Ǻǣ޵У㿴˾ͳɡŷ迴ǺЦ
޵У
ԣһȣֻ߳һӰһĲ࣬Ҳݵ꣬һͷڷһϣƲһѽʹӵĽһɢһɲµš
ţŷ衢Ľǿ߲ζûеţñīݡ
޵йȻˡ
ǰʢҲ޵иǽţȻǿ߾ŽʦȴΪ޵оŽʦεһˣʵɲ⡣
˵ĲҪǣ޵оͬһ޵̬κսкĽʦܹеļ¼
̸޵У˶Ŀһǿ߾Žʦǿ߲е̬
޵Уǿ߾Žʦ֮µһˡ
ͷɲһ˿ӵеģοݣ˵޵еǿ
޵СԵĿۼ˴ϣòͨŷǷȻоһѹȸУаԾ
޵СĽҲһԾĲ޵гֵŷ边ȻԼһ쵽޵еĵ˵ŷѾǰˡ
˫ȭսҪͳһս
ΣǻĻԵǸ޷ﵽǿߣֻѡͻʦĽʣΪ̳Ҫǿʵ
֣Σŷʵ
д⡣޵йЦ
֣㲻ܾɣŷ迴򳽻ԣЦ
õĻᣬôܾЦ
֪һսɱ⣬ҲͨϵսĥԼȡͻƾŽʦ
ǿ߶Ϊ٣콾ڵǱֻͻƾŽʦһ˿Ļᡣ
һɡĽ˵
áŷ޵û
֣롣Ľ˵
롣Ե
ৣ
ֻһĽѾ˹̨ϡ

ڳһţȻҲû뵽ݽһҪһˣֱһСǱ԰
˵־һᶨȻֻ΢ȣʼעһԾ


851 һޣ3
֪Ľܷܳԣ
ҿϣĽʵǿҲͶ޳ƽѣܳЩѡ
Ҳôڳˣ޵пܣϾӽǿ߲εˡ
̨£Ŷˣ˵ۡ
֡˼֪޷ֹüͷһ塣
û£ȻָӦսš˰˵ңΪޣ۲䣬ηѣǳԣҲܾ
ĬȻ˵ǿ̨
ͬʱԽԽ˾ۼܣ˴μǱǿߣдˡ
ʼˡ
һ
ৣৣ
ֻԺĽ˼ͬʱȡսܣȼգսͬһ㣬һ˸߹һˡ
ˡһ
һ貽Ľɢҫܣư˷ԶԶȥĽһСˣŽɫ̤
ȻĽǽ
ĿȽ̤ڼӲ̨ϣߵ֮·ԭҰۣδѾһǿĳ⣬ͬ죬׳Ķǡ
ֻǼ򵥵ֽȴںĽ׽־
ȻɱУȴܹɱС
ȻĽƽȵĶ֣һʼû֮⣬һս
ʵҲˣһսĽͻĽ׽־顢ʹĥԼ
ৣ
Ʋ꣬ͬһýʵĻңڻ滭һ춯صĻ
ˡ
ͬʱԾĽ׽־Ľӳϣһһʽ
ĽһսȺͶ޶Ծչ졣
˶ʡȥ˱˴̽ԷḶ́һ֣ǽ߾ȫ
¡¡
Ԫת֮䣬ԵھƵ֮ܿ紵γ̬޼ɵĺӳȥ
ৡһ
Ľۣʮɣ𣬾ͬһɫƲ̽Դһ㣬ܣһһŵĿѣζ
ۡ
һԶ˷֮Ͷѹµǽɫϣꡱһѣ飬Ұ޷ӣ޼ɡ
ĺáĽһսǿ
ˮ
Ȼ𽭺ӱļ춯ֻĽ껽𽣣𣬾γأȻ̺ˮͬһ㣬򶫣಻
¡
һ£ڳ֮Ŀռ䣬ʱһһĴ죬ĺĳûڶͷ
ƾа
˾̾û뵽ԺĽ˵ĶԾ˼ңʮڴ
𽣹⣡
һ£̺ζնɱһУۣһӾ̻ͬһ㱬ȥķأһƬ֮
ԿƶȫŽ⣬ͬһ
ڣԪ·𽭺ȣƺƵӿ
κһһǰû·
ˮը
Ľһ࣬˼һȫעĶսԡ
һս㾡ȫʩչÿһÿһʽˮ
ˮϣʩչɱС
ˮศͣںϵͬһ㣬ûһ˿覴á
һȻûκε覴á
ʱԾ͸оһ˿Σա
Ҵ⣬˵״̬۷壬桢ࡢ磬ɫɫɫɫɫâӳڳ𣬾ͬϿջ質һ
ˡ
һǿƥľɢȥϯݣڶ
հν
һԹأ컯Ȼһжع˱Դصԭʼ̬Ϣ
ն
һ顣
꣡
·ѵֻǴıըȻӲֱͦͬٿȻֹš
䡣
֮£ĽʱǸоһɿµѹƣǽ־ѹƣԼȻ޷ֵһϢС
˻
ˣ˶һǼ޾Žʦεǿߣرʿ𾪣ϾĽʵǼǿģû뵽ô·ˡ
һĻŷ޵жУĿⶼһս⡣
ǿŷ
ֻˣҵĶ֡޵аȻ˵
ҺܾûһĶˡ̨ϣĽиŵ˵ΪһޣѾվ޵вεĶˣܹһսĶ֣̫ǿ߲̫ǿ൱Ķ̫ˡ
һ
ĽĻ᲻˷ܣ

ͺһЮƬˮԣռ⵽ѹͬɽһĶϲ㣬ͬһ졣
ɽƺ
Ľռ𶯣ֲƣƵһƬɫڣһɽȿն
󺣲ɽҫѹţԶͬһһɽײ򳽻ԡ
õ𣿡
ˣֻһЦ齣һߣַ졣
¡һ
һƬεĽռϿѹ£ȫ󹥻
顣
ֻຣŽɽݺײ˽ռϣһ죬ԣռ䶯ݡ
λñ䡣
ſָǰһʱֳþĽ񶼱ǣУڿ
Ȼһ˳
ѾһУΪ˳һ빥һֱͬ衣
ˣɫһ䣬漴һЦ
ֻۡĽɫһ׽ӣſһѪɫòҰޱȡ
ৣ
û˿ͣˮһ㱻ʩչ
ռ֮ų֣öʵһģһĳ齣УݺݵĴĽ
ʲô
Ľɫ䣬ˡ


852 һޣ4
һ̫ˣ쵽ûжܵĻᡣ
ˮ֣֮
ĽˣûȻҧֵҧ⣬һѪ껽滭һùֳǰҪסһ
ֻǣԶԶ͹˾񽣵
һ̺ǿռ
͡һ
񽣵Ĺâˮ֣֮Ե棬ķѿ
飡
ֻĽһһѪ˳ȥ

˽ԾȵĲǳԴĽΪһѾ۽ǿ߿˳ȵĽ֮ܵ졣
ңͶ޶һͬ㣬ǰͬһ¡
пռԵĽȻܹܶ޺Ľˡ
ռԲ֮һֻ򵥵һҲŲС
ɽ콾֮һķܹ֮Žǰ壬ΪռԺֻһпռԽ
ҲֻҪֵסһбɡ
һǿ߾Žʦ۵
žܹһвȴ΢ȻδԿУǾĲࡣ
ŵ˵ڵҪܳԣһԡ
ҰˡĽ죬һѪòƽϢųԹ˵лִͽ̡
롣԰ֵ
ĽɫЩįͷ˹̨
ŷ޵ж˶ɫأǰߡ
λ˭һƽʵ
˻
ԣ˶һ
⳽ѵǹﲻɣս˵Ӧ˲ԪŶԣ㿴ɫ糣ƽûԪĵļ󡣡ȻһԾĵ
ৣ
˻һ˶򳽻ԡ
Ȼˡ
˶ɫһоЩ˼飬⳽δҲ̫˰ɣ
Ȥ
ˣǿ߾ŽʦȤ֮ɫ
һ㣬ҲǱŷ޵ж˿˳⻰໥һۣŷɡ
ৣ
һ𣬱ŷ˹̨ϣڷɣȷǷͬһѹӣ΢Ц˵֣룡
롣Թֵ
ৣৣ
˲䣬Ժŷȡ˱
ԵĽˣŷļȴһ˵Ŀ⣬ɫɫɫɫɫڽתӳӳڿͬһĲʺһ㡣
ŷеıļΪһϹŽļ콣ɵΪһ̺ԵıԽ˶׵ˮ׼һЩϹ޷⡣
ŷĴҲ˽һЩ˲ҲȻﶬȻ
ǡǡļϡ
˵Ļһսдͷˡ
ǰŷĿоҲӦôǿߵĲΣֻҪͻƶѡ
Ѿﵽ޵еĴڣʤºѡ
ǿռԽ֮⣬ƣֻܱŷˡ
ڳԺŷˣ޵оŽʦǿѾѿһЩóֻЩǿ߲βܿһ
ŷ裬Ըоһ˿ѹȣĽӵǿңĽ־ѾһˣֻҪһͿͻĽˡ
ҲΪҪͳһս
ҪѰǸУҲԼĻᡣ
ԣаɡ
һŷɢ󣬸һϾĸоøС
򳽻ԣսⰺļԽĽ·ͬһͳһս
հν
ûκεĻֱӶԼĶɱУ齣ǰһ貵Ľһţŷûȥ
ػ
ŷһƮɣ鶯Ȼļǰһʮ֡
ˡһ
ֻһְɫĹȦŷǰ

ڰɫȦֵһ˲һͬƾճһ㣬棬һ죬鿪
÷һ
ŷɫ࣬ļԪƺƵ
ػ
ļػ
＾ػ
һ˲䣬ɫȦɫȦɫȦɲǳŷǰγػһ
ۣ
ɫͻɫȦȺ飬ΨнɫȦֵסǶĿ⡣
ⲢһҲǽɫȦˣһѾȥ˴ԲűɫȦס
Դˣŷʮ
Լɫ䣬δȣ෴հνһӾƿŷĵػĻŻᾪȡ
Ȼһν棬Ҳ˽ŷļ
ŷȻͬһ㣬һȻȲǿռ佣ȻС
ȷʵʶǿߵʸ񡣡
ǰ˵ԡޡĽŷ޵ˣÿһ˶ʶǿߵĻʣ޵кͶ޶ˣȻΪµĻǳԣŰ˽ʦΪ
˴˻󲿷˶ӿһĨɫ
⻰˵Ĳ֮Уµǳԣ˽ʦΪܹ޵оŽʦѹȺۣͻƾŽʦĻ
һ㣬κ˶ܹõЩǿ߾Žʦжһ˿ɫ
磡
̨ϣŷʩչļ
һУ硣

ļһӣ֮ڽӶػشζʱ̨Ի·Ĵ쵽˴һ㡣
ɴϯϢ·׳ɳһ㡣
һɴУȴǸоһ˺֮


853 һޣ5
ৣ
Ҵ⣬ۼһ㣬Եķʽƽһ
֮⣡
⣡
׽⣡
һУһǳɵʩչԴķʽ˲ɴ磬ںһ𣬹ŷ衣
ʲô
ˣŷɫһ䣬û뵽ԾȻᷢҵĹƣˡ
Ѿ׼ΪŷĹࡣ

磬ͬƶ֮һ㣬ٶȿѸݡ
ء
һ죬ŷ豻˳ȥ
ڵ֮䣬ǲ׽˷˻ᡣ
꣡
ﳱ
ѩ
ں˵һ˲䣬ʩչɱУļеľ⽣ʽ
ֻۣˮǣûķϸ˶ëѩѩΡΡɽۣһ˲ŷ͵ֵס˳ԵĹƣŤת˾棬ó
֮¡֮Ʈ֮һ볽˫һֱѩص
һɺ֮ϯȫ
ŷ費ǽţǳ˿ɼȻܹڰ֮ҵĻᣬŤת档
ļô죬ת磬ƾҪֵôס
Ϳôˡ
Ҳоղŵվ棬۷׷ס
ֲ֣ΣհɣԽ˶ɫ̲סʵ
ģֿɲֶֹΡЦ
ҲһЦͳԽ֣Ȼ֪ԵԲΪԻŷһϣҲֻһЩ鷳ѣڳ˵ҪⲢ¡
ԣԽ˶ɫһɣ¿̨ϵĳԡ

ڴʱһ磬ܺ졣
ءһ
ֻһŻԳȼնһߵĻ磬ȼա
治
һ౾Դӳϣʱθߣͬһһ㣬˫Ų̤棬ͷɫƣͻͬʱγһǿĳ
ˡһ
ɲǣŷΪģȥ
ৣ
Ųȼգ齣һӣһལ̺˻桢Ƽ򵥣ʮ㣬һϣƴϣļϢ̱ɨһա
¡
ܿռ𶯣һνռʹӳͷϿѹ
ۡ
ѹļɫϣ̼䣬߽⡣
ʩչˡ˵
һսʱҲʩչһԬ˵
֪ŷ˵ֵЦ
һĻǿ߲εǿ߿֪սڿʼˡ
ΪԵĶ֣ŷҲоһ㡣
Žֶ£ʱо˫ͬǦһ㣬óطǳ
áɫһ䣬ɫһ£糯ƺ˷磬ʽһ䣬ļĽʼһЩı䣬߲ͬһ㣬Ѷһ֮
ıˡ
ֻһ£Ծɫһ䣬ͻȻоռĽȻͺñȼҫڣڻһ㡣
Уһִشصζ
ŷ¶һĨ΢ЦζЦԣļһڣڻ⾳ͽռǿȴ־ԼԪں϶ɣȻ£ֻҪһϣûв߽Ŀܡ
ԣɫһ䡣
ԴԴԪ֮󣬼ͳΪ˳ԵһɱУԾ֣ܹȡһЩ䲻Ч
ԵԼΪƽĶ֣Ԫûκε
Ҳ⡣
ֻԣʵǿԼѹԼʵĶ֮£ǿֱӳƽռ䡣
ŷ㣬һһĲʳռ䣬Իǵһ
ʱ̣ûκ⣬ʱһռԶ߽⣬ŷ裬Էӳ
ŷȻȻܹ߽⳽ԵĽռ䡣
ǽţļͬ˿Ա⡣
ӳǷˣ֪εֵ
һĻ˶߿ŷһۣЩ޵оŽʦǿߣǼͷ
ɣһ˽ֵĺûᡣ
ৣ
ڴʱһ˸ֻ齣ټУʱһڱǵԳԵɢԡ
ˡ
һĻ̱˿Щɻ󣬲׳Ϊλһѱ
ѵʲôУ
ҲǱйϵ
ȲεߣԵ޹ʻġ
˶֪ԻĿأҲ֪ĺУйע
ৣ
ɻĿУٿȻʩչһ׽ãһĽۣͬһڻ滭һµͼһ㡣
һ̨̣Ͽռһ䣬ǰΪ˺ҹ߿籦ʯһǳ˳ԺŷͷϿգɢصĹԡ
߿ǳһһӡ
ǣ
ʱеľ⳽ԾȻǳֻΪεǳֱأ
ǳЩ֣ס
ǰ˵ǳĻӦóǳŶԣֻǳֱǣʵԲ²⡣
⳽ԹȻĲԳȣǱĻҪСġ
ʩչصĽ˶ʮɻΪǻǵһμ˵ǵ
ǡ
ƽ̨һݷǳƳ꣬ĿĿǳʮעĿ
ϣһۣһЩԵʮ¡
ͷϿյıǣĿٿȻ䵽˳бǡϡ


854 һޣ6

꣬ߵҲˡ
ǣѵϹʱ޵ǿ߱ʵĽоâ˸˵ˣһǵõ˱ʵĴУ򲻻õ
Ԫ棬˵ĿϹʱΪǿ󽣵ʦ֮һıʣߵü˵
Ե꣬콿֮һţԪ档
˵ˣӦ컪
ϯ˪
˶ǵųϣΪ񣬾ǿ߾Žʦ
һ㣬ͿԿݵһŵĵ̡
ͬǶݵһţȴܺ͵ű⡣
Ԫͷ˵⳽һдԵˣȻܹʵĴС
ѹˣƾױ¾ư޵оŽʦΡӦ컪˵
ߣõʵĴΣֻҪûдﵽǿ߲Σоϯ˪ɫİף·һ˪һ㣬Ǳ䣬˾񶼱
˵ĲԪ溬Ц˵ֽɫҪֻ³
֣Ǿ˳ˡӦ컪ȫȻδԿУһӣԵ˵ŵݣҲֻ幻֮Ϊ߹һԺɨˡ
һǱǶݵս֮սϯ˪Ц
һδǰ󽵣ݣȴʱ͸סԪ˵
֣ĻӭϹŲеʢǸʱ˵̫ϳԣʦܡӦ컪˵
ʦΪ콾֮һԪ⻰Ҳ̲סһ󼤶˷ܡ
ʦ
ǿǴϹħ½Ҳֵĳܣһ֣½һ档
һ㣬Ԫ桢Ӧ컪ϯ˪˶ڴ
ڶݣУûһвǳԣ壬һĲֵ
˾뿪
νһһ֮ûκεȤ
˭Уûдﵽǿ߲ΣǾϣעһֻϣǾ˷ǵʱ䡣
̨ϡ
Ļ֣ɭޣ߿ǳһ޴Уɢظʡ
ÿһǳͬʯһҫ۶
¡¡
԰޽ڷǳϿƹǺۡ
ֻ̬ƽȴһԶζͬޣԼеıҪʩչ˫
䣡
䣡
䣡
ӶĿñīݵһԳݻͬһλ鷨ң𾪵ĻҪǧţȺ
һ죬׹ŭĸǳ޷
ͬʱ
ֻŷ̬࣬罣Σ۲䣬ӵһ֮ˣġļݻͺǻعȻһȻ磬¶䣬ѩ׷ɣˮǧΣ羪İ
Ȼһ壬ϣศѹķ
˲䣬ǳ䣬ͬħ
ء
һأźɽĴըУһȦһȦɫԽ٣д硢ꡢﳱѩǳྰ²ɲ⡣
һĻʱ˽Ծ
ۣۣ
Ժŷ˵Ӱʵ統ݻãͬڲӣݻɣһ㡣
̫ǿˣ꿡ܾ̾
˶˵ʵǵ֮ǿ֮µһˣҵȲӡ
ҿǺѷֳʤ
û뵽⳽ԾȻ˵ƣ˳Ծ
ҿҲΪֹˣǶ˶Ӧֶˡ
һԿνѷѽ⣬Ҫֳʤѣ
ԺŷĶԾͬһεž̾һǿ߲εǿҲޡ
٣޵оŽʦ֮ʱûս
һӦ޵սܣĵ죬зâ¶ĽҫԳնһеζ
˿̣ʵ޵ԵüͣǵÿһѪȼշڡ
ս
𳽻Ժŷˣȴǲһ㡣
Ϊһ̣Ƕ˵սⶼѾһ۷״̬һֳٽʡ
࣡࣡࣡
ϵĽϢȼգսӿķԾ·ǳֵ
һ̣Զζȫɢ֧飬򳾰
˫Ŀսݻ˽⣬ĿͬʵʻĽиһлʣѹҳ
ã̫ˣһս̫ʹˡŷΣ˫Ŀտտԣһ绢Ӣš
˵֮ǰֻһѻıôڵѾĨȥ覴ãݻķâϢһıҪƿǰһУ
ն
һûļϢζеֻǷâ¶һ
ع鱾ԴݻȻһ
ৣ
˶ǰİհ·ݻΪһֻڽ磬ؽûţ֮䣬ֻһǾһ
һҪնɽءǳ
һκ˶Ҳκδʻݡ
ں𣿡
һ˲䣬Ծ͸оϢٵʱ򣬿лʣͳͳʧ·ǱһһһһжñīݣóԸеһϢС
һ̣֪ŷĽѾﵽһͻƵ㡣
һ£Ըо桢磬Ĵͳͳãһ£ûκεĵֵͬСϣԾһȻһ㣬Ҫݡ


855 һޣ7
ϣ
һΣ齣ڳԵУһֲܿƵζ·Ҫַɳһ㡣
أأأأ
ŷһ£գⲻĵ춯صը죬ֻͷϿյĿǳͨͨըǳɢķ޾ˣ·һͷ޾εɺˮһ㡣
ৣ
Ƿ֮䣬һ⻪ĿϾӰڳϷ
ŷ裡
ͬһ㣬ٿն·Ǵصһͷ
ն
ûκεŷ赱նļ·ҪƿնɽӴأԭҰ
һѾ޷ݣعıԴڽһ
һ˽Ծ
һԼţ
һضݣ

ȫ£ȫʪսĽͣӿͷ·һζһ㡣
һʷ޷ֵͷ·ŷǽǰκζýʸ
壡
齣ڳоҲһкǧ·Ҫӳ졣
𣡡쳤Ŀ˫Ŀ·Ѿݻ㲻ԣϿյıǳԣ桢磬ĴѹƣЧ
͡
ϵѣһѪ
ҵʹӳȫ˺ѷΣóԲɶֹķʹ˻ԡѪһѪˣ齣ȾѪͬѪһ̨ϣʺһƬ⾪ĶǵһĻ
԰ˡ
˶ͷΪ˿̵ĳѾû˷ֻڿѡ
û˻ɣŷһķâ
Ϊһ̣ѾǿߵĸĤǱȶ޾һλҪͻֻǳ⡣
ԡ
塢ԬһݣݳԴǵӾ
ǰҲǱؾкͳһսľʱĳҲˣ񵨺ΪԼѾκο־塢ѣڿһԶ
ʱ˿̣κˣǿ߲ǿߣҲԳ⡣
һ㣬Ƕ
ͨ
ƥһٽȫ鴤˫սսһӵϥ˵ϣ̨涼˹ѵĺۼ
ƽ̨Ͽգ̤Ǳ֮أһ¥ϣмλ׷ߣǺ׷ͯգʳ̬Զ
ǿСӡһλ͵Ŀų˵
Ľ־ﵽĽףһʮѵáԱһλߺЦ˵
ŷСҲһսͻǿ߲Σ׾ٵ顣һλڷһֺɫϸţһѰЦ
ǰһǿƵǳ콾Ⱦ󣬿±֮ϹʱҲضðһλ˵
ԣΪȻ
ǳСӿ¼ֲ˶ˡߵĵ
ŷһѾع齣ԴѾ˽ϣ޽ӽˡź˵
ȻԵΪͣʵŷԣΪľͻϣôͬҲΪĥ֮˵Ҳͻơһλ߰˵
ŶԳԴӺǿذµ˵
ǺǡһλߺǺһЦȴǲ
ȿɡЦ
̨ϡ
ء
ɿռ䣬֣ÿһռ䶼ڱըսĺ죬κ˶Ρ
ֲ龳֮£һ
ԣ
˿ͷƤ飬󣬳Ե־жͣ
һĻҲô˶ݡ
ŷҲˡ
һѾ޷֣
ΪһѾƿء
𣡺𣡺𣡡
쳤Хһͷڷ裬䣬ͬһ顣
ϥ£һѪӡ
ҪֵסһҲܰܣ
ź𣬷Ľ־ͬʵʽһɨʣȻŷһĻ
սսս
춯صսڳϿӿͬƿգҽɽڣͬƲһ㡣
𡪡
һ˺ѷεУһҫȻӡ
ַӡֱ壬Ǵ£ԾͬһϹŽ
ৡһ¡
ԭһӹ⣬ֻԾȻӭһ

һ˲䣬ȫȻԶݡ
˲ɣ
찡⳽ԾһӣѾû˵ֵ֮ȻӲҪ˲ɣ
ӣһӡ
ǿ߲ε꿡ܶɫ䣬Щ޵вεŸɫ䣬һ𺧡
ǿٶ
Ҳǽޡ
Ȼһǿ߾Žʦǿ˵
ޣ
һ̣˶ĬȫעĿųǾĳԡ
ǱĽޱȣϬ˫ﲻƣ飬һȫѪʣ·ڱһ㡣
ˣ
ڴʱڲ౾Դһڴ˿˷ӦһӰ졣
Է֮࣬һ
ȻǷͬѰ
¡
һ챬ըӳϳȫĲ౾ԴɫԷֱ棬ȴǴƥµĻ
˲䣬Եƾ͸ԭˡ
ৡһ¡
ֵֻһ貣ӡմ¶Ǿһ

ӡѹϹţȺȻȴǱһ˳ȥ
ৣ
ȻɫֺӡűޱĳϿա
ˣˣˣ


856 һޣ8
һ˲䣬߿ǳ˳Ͽա
ǣ
ҫţǺܲ־ʮأɧ
ৣ
ǹڳϣͬһǳһ㣬籱䣬硢Ƴ˳Եϡ
˿̣Ǳ
¡
౾Դǧ⻪ҫٲȻͬ飬š֮䡣
һ̣౾Դͱǵ޲ںһ
ۡ
ʱںϣһ貵Ըӣȱʯǳ觵ĹâҫţĿʣױȡ
ಣ
౾ԴԳһ黯ɫӣڣǱС
ˡһ
һɺ嫡Ʈ졢桢»õӱɢ
ৣ
类鸽壬ʹһ
ã˲ɣԭʼϢٶȳݺݵײһϡ

һݣԸпԴ⣬ϣַ
ۣ
ǲ˼飬󣬲ŵĿУŷǾصһֽͬɵһ㣬顣
ûκһӾ
ֻŷһһѪͬ⵽Ĺɳȥ
ءһ
ŷˤ˹̨һǣ·ɢˡ
ৣ
ԵӰĿУͬسƮƮ䵽̨ϣɫЩ԰֮⣬Ȼûκ˵ļ󣬶֮ǰѪĽۣѾټ·ղѪ壬ֻһһ㡣
˻
һеһУѾ𺳡ݣĿŹ̨ϵǵӰ˾ǵһ
ôܣ
һЩǿ߲ǿߣΪղŵΣһĻȴǲţ֡
һ𾪣Ѿ֮ƣˣΪܹһ˲תܾ֣
ڶ𾪣ϵΪһ˲ͺˣ
㣬˵ֱǹ񹤣컯š
֪ΪԽߣ˵ĻƾԽԸԭ˵Ļûظò
ЩʦܣһˣҪʮܿ
ҲΪΣٳʦƴ龰
ԣɲ˲𾪡
¥С
ղʲôĿһͳ
֣Ҳоκԡü˵
磬ô߿һλʵ
Դ⡣һλĿ˳һۣ˵ӽпܴﵽûܹﵽʦ硣
ܰɡЦЦ˵磬˵СǴﵽ߽ʦҶţ˵ܹͻʦҲš
ǰ磬˵Ķԣӳ˽־⣬û֮ɡ˼ʵѵǸղǹǸκ԰
ڻȷȷ֮ٸǶˡһλ۰룬˵ʵ֮ʱǿ԰һ
ԣ϶ǳһ̬ĿԼ硣
ֻҪסһͿˡһλ֣˵
ðɡλɻ󣬵ǰһο֣ص˵˵ͷ
߰ɡһλ˳һۣ˵ϹŶҪάܳκ⡣
ǡߺͳ߶Ӧ
϶뿪¥
ȿȿȡŷֽһԣѪ˵ҩ󣬲żѵĳ壬ĿмᶨĿųԣ˵ԣһսˣȴҪлл㣬ϡ
ϲԹ˵ҲҪл㡣
ҪͻƾŽʦˣŷ辪ɲ򳽻ҡͷŽʦһ࣬Ȼ࣬Ҫ˿̾ͻƣûпܡ
ǺǣֻöѡЦ
ʱ˿̣Ѿ౾ԴͻƵгɡ
ֻǳɻΪԼ֪౾Դͻгɵģ޹ɿɴĦһóʮ
ڴǱٴһսŷһʣЦѾоǿ߲εѾȲҪͻˡ
ৡһ¡
ֻŷ軯һ⣬ӹ̨ȥܿӰһʧȺС
ԣɻһս֮
ʱ޵һڣԣһ޵ɢ·޵һ㡣
ɣ
Ƹ߰Σǹɽӣڷ裬Ϣ죬ܽԡһ˸
ˡһ¡
һɹɾս⡢ս⡢Ϊģ˷ϯγһһŵ籩ͬһϹž̾ܣõóԵǿ١

䣬˻Ȼ
Ŷﴧ⡭
⳽ԼֱһսԵĶͬһεĶ֣ȻȫܣԼȴһ˺۶û£ֱ̫ˣĻһڵһʱܿ
Ӽֱ̬ԽսԽǿ桢ǳ磬ӵпֲĻָϣһʲôܡ
ӲֻҪûͻƾŽʦУɱһָֻԡ
ЩУԣоϸ㣬ƽϡ
ֹȻ£սˣ·ǿ߲Ķ֡𾪵
̫ˡԭԺͳһս˼һսûͷ
ע޷ˡԬɫЩȻڼǰԵʵ൱ȴѾʤһˣҲû˺ͳһ˼


857 ΣϢ
һҾΪԼ׷Ŀɡ迴˿Լǿյ̧ۣͷǵΰӰﰵ
ҿʼеڴͻƾŽʦˡ庬Ц˵
޵кǿŷӽǿ߲εˣ֪ܷͫ𾪣ųԣͳ
ġĿᶨԳԳǰδе˵
̨ϡ
¡
һĺĳӵ𣬷·ؿ֣ҡһ㡣
ֻ޵еһһīɫıУʱһ޴ϾĽͶͬǧ߻ۣӹ󺣣Ծһ㣬õ֮
ս⣡ս
η޾壬޵еƴ޵еɢǧۣͬһճͷ
̫ͬһ㣬ͷ̫ŲȲãֳı䣬ոԵ
ϣĽʣһǰ񣬲ǿߣǲţ·ǰһУãеĽնһõĴڡ
սɣ
սִ޵еĿ³ͬ鴵һ㣬ը죬·ǰڲһ㡣
ˡ
һսƾ档
ৣ
ûһ˿ˮƲһ㡣
һûκʽ
һ豹档
һ˱ԴϢȽΡ
ǡ£̺貽ҫ޵һͫ׶ʱҡͷ޵вû£ֻǴһ˿µѡ
ƣ⡢£
Σţʦܹܲƿص
ժ£ɽϺӵΰ
£ÿһ޶ƿص
ֻ£Ľޣǿߡ
Ȼ޵ֻǴһ˿Ѿ˵Ľ츳ŷ˶Ҫǿ޹ֺУǿڣ޽ӽǿ߲εˡ
һ㣬óԼɵ޵С
ԵսⲢûмǸǿ
һս
Ҳ޵о̤Žʦһ̤ʯ
ֹˮͷޣͨгɲ౾Դӿס壬ն£ˮ
ৣ
ɫ͸·һ㱡ֽһ顣
Ѹ֮䣬Ѿն޵һϡ
ꡱһ
ͬʱޡ
һƽ
⳽ʵǿˡ
˵ǾԵס޵һģŷ賤һսʵһȻ޵һӽǿ߲εˡ
һսϵ꽣۷һս
һЩ˶Ѿڣ·Լ޵У볽һս
ʮ𣡡
īɫ޵ǰʽ飬ͬӣڰٻ赸һ㡣
ֻһ£һִء˻ϣʮص
·½ơ
޵ΪģڼƵĽ˷ͬٽӹ󺣣ǧԾһ㡣
һ£Ըоһ˿ΣϢ
һѸޱȣֵֻûнҵĿܡ
ۡ
һն£ըԪĵһбĥ𣬻գ·罣һ㣬Ҫɱʮ
¡¡
гɲ౾Դ߶ͬɽҰȼգõĻ治ǿ˲ֹһ
ͬʱгɲ౾ԴΪԴ㣬桢Ǻͷһ𣬻ȻɣһִعζۼϢͷ·һ㡣
ৣ
ȶڳǰ£ûκʽҲӣмˣһ۾ͿԿȴǿ͸
·ⲻһһ
͡һ¡
ʮɿռһΪӷɫͬƶӣգǵһ
أ
һײһɽ¥¥ɽһ㣬㽣Ž̻ǹ⻹ҪѤðٱ
飡飡
ǾĿУԺ޵жײһ
ۡһ
޾Ľϯһ㲨ɣؾ
¡
һĽ׽־ʵԵ֡
⻹ûн
ࡢǳ硢棬ͬʱࡢгɱԴһɣȥ糤羪죬׻Хĺ
ţСɱԴһɣɫʽӳл˻ģȼϵţͬһ㣬ɱ֮£޼ɡ
ÿһɶ޵оŽʦĵơ
˵κﶼһ
ն
һǰ;޾ηų˳ϣ޵зͥ񣬾ͬһսһоϣҪֳʤǿ
޵У޾壬նһУ
޵ڴΪԼŭƣš
ͬ٣£Ǻӡ
䡪
Ӱϣ̨һûţš
һж
¡¡¡¡¡¡
ֻǱһ˲ضҪﶼҪҪϢ˳ͬˮһ˷ϯһƬ̣⡢⡢ڹ⡢⡢׹⡢ȵȹҫѸӾʮء
¡¡
̨ҡˡ
һ˲䣬޾Ԫڱι̨û˿еΡ
˭Ӯˣ
޵Уһ޵Уֻܴܳԡ
ҿǳԣղǼղһ޵оŽʦûһֵܹ


858 
󲿷ֶ۷׷ף۵˭ʤˡ
ǧ˫۾̨ڴ𰸡
ڣ̨ϵĻ
ৣৣ
ֻԺ޵ж˶ڹֺ̨һ㡣

Ȼһϯ־
ۡһ޵оһѪϵһһķѿۣѪ׹ǣʮֿ¡
ءһ
ֻĻɢѣһƤһƬ·һŻȼա
˭Ӯˣ
˶¶ɻ֮ɫ
ӦǳӮ˰ɣϾûѪ
ҿ޵УΪС˶˵ʲô
һʵսֶξֻǲ֪Ƕǿ
һ۵

ڴʱ˿ֻԭƤȥָ֮ɫ·һ㣬ÿһ缡̺˿ëڣн£ҫ˫
Ӯˡ޵Ŀ˳һۣ˵ǱҲܸ㣬ΪŲգҾͿԴﵽǿ߲Σ㲻С
ҲɡԲ÷

˻һ˽Ծ
Ӯˣ
찡޵оȻˣ⳽δҲ̫˰ɣ
ǰսԣ־ʣһͬһеϵĴڡ
½һһˡ
ˣ
⻰֮ʱ֮쳹飬ǾŽʦʦܣоһ
ô£
˶ƽ̨ϷǾǱĵطȥǴﴫġ

ֻһɨһ㣬˲ͳ˳ڡ
¡
ʱͥһƬඥһ㣬Ŀ̹ͷһʮ㣬ͬ˼ĵһ㡣
ǣʲôָͷ˵
ˣ찡ԾȻôܣ˵ֻнǱŻᵮôԻûнǱ͵ˣȻһǿ߾Žʦʧ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ͬһ
ѵ޵е˵Եʣǿ߾Žʦɲ
ԣһ룬Դ޵ˣ½һһˣǾǴ֮ˣԻһǿߺܿ϶˵ûв´ĻڴʱΪȭƵһˣҲһ
ô˵е
еһ
Ϊ˳ǰ
찡⳽һд˵˰
һ̣˶ɲĿųԡ
ôۿн˸
գһȻоһɴˣ·ζ
ˣ
ˣǱһս
½ϡݣԼˣغÿһݵδ˥
μǱˣݵδÿһ϶ˣӰݵˣڴһʧܣˣӶᣬһԼݣ˾ͻ
򵥵˵Եÿһ϶ˡ
ͬʱҲ˶ݵˡ
һԵʧܣͻˣҲζŶݵʧܣݵ˾
Ҳͽ͵ͨΪζϡݣΪ˴󽵵Եʡ
Ǳʵһս
ǰ죬ݶʧܡ
һǱΪעӳڳԵ˵ϣΪһ
ĻݽȫޣԸϵ˶ܵӰ죬δҲǻֲǿߣ䡣
һк󣬳ԲᵽһǱԶݵҪԡ
Ȼ翣ȷʵڣܹ˻ѳ飬񳽻δǱѾֱǵ
ΪͻƾŽʦһʱ
˿򳽻ԵĿ⣬Ľѡ
ǺǡԵȻһЦ¹̨
֣ϲ˶ǰЦ
ҶѣһҲҵԤϡЦ
뿪˵ɡ
áԿһ˵
һʮ˾ͻص˾ס¥

̫Ϻ߳ϼͷʱ¶һľɫŵĿϲϵ˵ôܣôܣѵҪ𣿡
ԣô£̫߳ųԣһȵĿʵ
̫߳ϣɿ˵ԱһλǧһŹ֣һЦ
ԶԶԣ˵̫߳ϼæ˵
̫һȣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬ͬԼıһ㣬֣˵ֻϹ֮ǰйǱδһǱ֮ǰݻ
ó˵˵ô¡̫߳ϵ
λ̫ϳϣô¡Ҳ֪Լ𾪣û뵽λнʦ̫ϳ϶˾ȣԼô򵥣ǽϸ˵һ顣
ৣ
֮󣬶϶סˡ
㿴ңҿ㣬ɵĿ򳽻ԣʵԣûƭϼһɣ
λ̫ϳϣ˵ģ˶ޡĽŷ衢޵ˣ½һһ˵ĳƺšҲЩţ˿ȴǺ˵
˻
϶ʱһһųԣ·ǲ˺ֺ
ã̫ˣ̫ˡ̫߳һһ˷ܵ˵̾ͰϢ̫ϴϣǸˡ
ԣ̸ߴǡ̫˷ܵ


859 
λϣʵһ˵ţֻܹסʱѡԿЦ
Ϊʲô
Ȼ޵ˣǶǿ߲εĸĤò˶پͻͻơ˵
һƴȻóԽСɲ౾ԴͻƵгɣ޵С޺ŷ֮ڿ¾ͻͻƵǿ߲ΣĽȻ֮˲һ㣬Ҳᳬ¡

ɫһ̫ͣϼæʵǳоԼͻƾŽʦҪ೤ʱ䣿
ǰԣ̫߳۰Ͱ͵ųԡ
һ¡ĿᶨֻǻվͿǱˣλ̫ϳϲõģлԵĻҲͻƶһ
ǺðɣǾͲȲϢš̫߳ϵ
š̫Ҳεͷ
λϣ򣬾Ȼطˡ˵
ãȥɡ̫ϵ
̫߳Ͽ˳ԱӰһۣ˵ɲð찡޵еһڴдﵽǿ߲Σһµһҵľǳԡ
̫һصϧǾŽʦĻξǣ
ˣȱˡ̫߳ϻӻ֣˵壬һδҪշԡ
Ϸģ㲻˵Ҳ֪ô幰˵
ɢ˰ɡ̫߳̾һͷ˵
ڡ
ڴϣɫƽͣϢȣϪˮаǼн˸£ͬϼҫǣһɫͬƶ䡣
౾Դ
ǴﵽгɵĲ౾Դ
ڣԶûŪײ౾ԴͻƵгɵġ
޵дսΣһһڳԺ֣۵һ㡣
ÿһÿһʽޱĳʶС
ˣ
ڳԺг˲౾ԴͻгɵĻ档
Ʈ졢Ͼ״̬ڳϣͷ·ٴξͻƲ౾Դһ
ԺһһС
ͬԷмѭΨźǷŵϹʱ½ʢʱڣֻһղ౾Դ
ڲѾΪ˴˵ʶʮּѡ
˵ԣǰ˵·ôԼ·
һոµĵ·ûκν
ҪֻܿԼ
ֻȻ츳˫ǧźڲȻĥ͸ֻһо·ץסˣַ·ûץʮֵƮ졣
һ㣬óʮ
ڲ౾ԴгɣǿߣҲһս֮
Ȼʧܵ³ܹ֮ǰǿߺްǿ
ˣˣˣ
ɫڣͬһ㣬˸²౾ԴܣӳóԵϢǿ
һϵеıԣȻδͻƾŽʦȴĶ࣬Ը˽⣬ҲԽ
ֻǣ౾Դ̫ʵѴ⡣
ͬ졣
ԳС
ͬʱԻϢȴͬһ㣬˲֮ÿһ䡣
ǰɣǱδʼֳˣ
ǧȷǳ˽ʦΪ޵еˣȡöһһ˵ݣ˹ȣ
찡⳽һд˵ˡ
ٺ٣ɲһȻӮˣҿ⽣һ˵ſɱ˶ãΪ޵Сޡŷ˶Ѿǿ߲Σգɳɾǿ֮УʱǳԾֻһͿء
˵ĲǳΪ̫ˣҲսǿһѣϵĲ࣬ɲսֲܹġ
ǰ͵պ󿴺Ϸɡ
ķ߶ۣȴڵſϷ
ֹȻߵﶼǴͷҲˣû뵽˲֮Ҳˡһ¥ϣһͭ״ʨ˫һЦڴְ
פء
һװɳ鲼ۼķһ˿ٵŮӡ
ֻŮ̬ƤӨ񣬳üһ˫ĿͬȪˮһ㣬ܹö˵ңһȹٻţﻨ㣬ŮӾͬٻһ㣬һַ˼
ŮվڴǰǾƣĿгֻ֮ɫ˵Դ磬ѩ֪㶼ô˸е𾪣ѩȲҪˡ
ŷѩʦãʲôأ
ʱһλ¹ڳƮݵ˽
΢Ц崺磬һ΢ĸоʮøС
ŷѩĿȴһ˿֮ɫȻǷ˵޼ʦ֣ôˡ
ǺǣŷʦǷϰ޼ɿŷѩǾµ٣ǰĲһ˿֮ɫЦǺǵ˵ϰߵĻʦҿóǸ°һ䡣
ˣͦõġŷѩ˵ͼʦˡ
޼ɼŷѩԼ䵭һ˿ŭȴǼΪǫ͵˵ŷʦã֪˵ڳûУ
ԣŷѩ֣΢ʵôˣ
ǺǣҼǵŷʦڶһɣŰɡ޼ɺǺһЦĵžڵһڣ⳽ԾŽڵģҲ֪ʲôˣȻΪͻͽѾǰ˽ʦ
ȻΪʦǰ΢Ҽ޼ֻҪһָѡ޼ɿԴȫԷЦǺǵĵŷʦ÷ģǼȻʦ֮꣬ʦġ
ʦÿɾͶлʦˣʦҪϢʦֳȥɡŷѩһ䣬޸һʽ


860 ŭ
ŷʦãʦֲǰǳʲôϵסǱͽҳɻ顣޼һĿεŷѩ͸ɨӣ˵
㻹ûȡǱĵһŷѩ˵
ʦþƺˡ޼ҲûǰţһĨ񣬡ҵģ˭Ҳߡ
ৣ
˵գ޼˦˳ȥ
ŷѩ̾һϳΡ
ѩΪʦղż޼˳ȥʱŷѩʦ̫϶˽һ̫÷ȣҲΪ˳Ϊ÷ˡ
ǵʦŷѩ
ΪʦҲ֪㲻޼ɣҪ֪Ǵµ޼Ĵӣվ޼һߵġ÷˵
ѾԼȡһǱĵһŷѩҧ˵Ҳͬġ
Ҳɡ÷̾һоΣ˵ڳһгԵĵӣȻֻǰ˽ʦΪ޵Сŷ衢Ľˣɾ½һˣҲǰ
ΪʦǵʱҲһгԵѣ֪÷ʵ
ǵġŷѩͷ
ȷʵֻΪЩܹ޼ɱȼ硣÷˵
ʦͽ͸ɣŵʱҾѾǳԵŮѣǰǣҲǣǲ޸޼ɵġŷѩҧ˵
Ϊʦ֪Щ鲻Һܹġ÷˵ˣ֮ǱϢɡ
ʦߡŷѩͳ÷ˣص䣬ɫӣ˵ȥҳԴ磬УȥԼ޼ɵΪˣ϶ȥ鷳ⲻϣܹģԴ磬㲻Ҫѩ

ǸһȤû뵽Ϊû䣬ʵȻǿô࣬һǰԻ˵ɲǺ£˿Ѿкܶ˶˰ɡ޶ˣӵϾ٣ħĵķǽЦ˵
һһϢƴ󣬰ԵƵӹЦԣҵġ
غ߱δˣݺŶϢϢصϵСһ˽ʦߣȻԻֱǻ
һǿǿ˷˵ǱУÿһ˶֣֮ܶͿԻöԷ⳽ܹڴǰӵһҾһҪõ
ʱٲ߶ԳԵ˼
һУԲ֪̽౾Դͻгɵİأģĥһ㡣
ǾСȻأ籾ε˵ռ䡣
汾СȻ죬ͨı仯ģࡢޡ浮֮Ѿ˵˵ڣС
һܹͨ
ͷһ֣ԾͲɶֹ
ϻá¾Ѫ˽Ҳо޵
ӣʵϿռʱҲӽ汾ԴԲŻʱ䲻ռΪĴ˵˵
һԺܿ϶˵ҪǴСȻлȡлȡ
Ϲʱδ֣ǿգҲ޵еĴڣκӰ죬뷨һȷԡϻһ˵
ǾͿʼɡĿᶨҪŪͻƲ౾Դԭ
һ졣
졣
Ǳ죬Ҳûиоʧ
ԣҲΪΪ̫͵ԭ򡣡˵
ô˵ʵ
һԣֻʦ߲ܹռʱ׿Խ֮ԭӿ̣ôߵҪҲ͸ߣҪͻʦеİ˵
ô˵޵ϾܶҪߴﵽһΪܹġϻͬ
ˣԺһᣬտǱӡ˵
ˣСѾͷҺͷİ£ѾͻƵ߽׵ʦˡϻ˵
ô죿Ծ
ǺǣСѾͷĿռ壬ԿռŵƿأдÿͻһףŵĴȻһǧϻЦ
Ѿͷ湻˵ġӣоԼЩĽѾͷֱĳ
ˣ㰲ȫμӴɡϻõ
šԵͷ߳˷䡣
ԣڳˡǰЦվǿӣ߰ɡ
áԵͷ
߰ɡ̫Ϻ߳Ҳӷ˳һ
סԶֿɲҪ˿飬Կľǡ̫ĳ
һҪסÿһǱܹģԼҪСġ̫
ܿ죬һ˾ƽ̨
ȥˣ½ݵĲߣǧ֮ࡣ
Ǿǳԣ
Ȼ˾
ͷϵΣ𣿡
ɲǣ⳽Կ湻˵ģδʼѾˡ
һ˽ʦѣΪ
˿϶Ҳ˲мв˶ԳԵռ֮ġ
ּ֣ˡֻһλŹͭԣһ˹ϴһʮֹϵ£湴һЩޣߣӦоУ򳽻ԹЦʮˬ졣


861 ʲô˼
ذ֡û뵽Լڰһ֮ԵذεȻҲǱϣҹʵȻǿ߾ŽʦһġϢʮ˵顣
̫ˣǿԲսˡذεЦ
ڵӣ̫Ϻ̫߳ϵжһĨɫ
Ȼǻڵӣ
ͬʱذεĳ֣Ҳܶϳ˾֮ɫ
û뵽һǱȻлڵӳ֣ЩҲǲʼįˡ
ǰأߣ֪ܶһֻ
Щ˴й٣һ⣬ʮǿ󡣡
һ˽ذεˣ𾪣Щǿ߾Žʦذε
û뵽λҲ֪ڣҪ֪һֻǺٵġذεЦ
ڴȻϹ֮ʱֻһССɣҲֻһĴڡ̫߳ЦǺ˵Ȼ볽ʶǾһϹžҲиӦ
ǵȻҺͳֿһʰذεЦ
ذ֣ôֻһˣ
ǺǣھֻһˡذεץץԴָƽ̨Ů˵㿴⼸һҲһġ
һˣ˶һȻ˶ϡ
˵һǱпһ죬ΪһǿƣﵽϹĩڵˮ׼̭ʼߣǿҲױ̭ذε˵ԣɶ಻ɾһӡ
ҲԡԵͷһǱǿƣǿ߲β콾Ҫӱʮּѣڸ˹ϴĴߣ͸ˡ
ɽˡ
Ȼ˴
һ˲󲿷ֲߵĿⶼһ
߳һŮӣɴȴⱦһض·Ȼʧɫˡ
ŮǺͳķǡ
ǿ˫֮һ
ܹհľҾˡ
˵ˣһòӣеĹޣ㣬ҲԼ𣿡
ģҲ֪ԺǸ˵һŮ˵ò˵ģھȥҿɴͼ޸ˡ
бȥ
˰ɣŮҲͰˣӵһ޵еʵһҲֻм޼ɺԪ桢粻ܹȼ硣
ٺ٣ǵңɼһǸϲŷѩСұӣҼ
ȻֶҲƯ̫Ұˣʵڲϲ͡
˵ǣȻǺŷѩͬʱ˫о߾Ǹ
ٺ٣ҲֻܿŷѩǾ壬Ժܹɾ͸߽ʦܵЩ˿Ⱦָġ
ҿ˵޼һֱ׷ŷѩֻǲ֪ɹûС
˭֪أ
һΧʹͬˮһ
û뵽ôߣЩ˵ĶԣһĿ˵ľٶ׸˴Уʵһ仰ʱ˶סˡ
һҿɴӣĹޣ
˵ҿɴӣҪȢ
ⲻ˵Լ
ԺȻ׷ǵ˵ԼݣͻǾ仰˼ˡ
ȴû뷨
ȻǺƯϲŷѩַѡ޸˭Ҳ̫ĵ˰ɡ
ŷѩҲǻһЦû뵽ѩôİĽߣԼа
ֻЩ˿²֪ѩѾԼŮ˰ɣ
뵽Եúܸˡ
֣㲻ϲŮ˰ɣذεһԼЦɻ˵ȻûпŮ˵òΣ˫֮һӦúƯɣŮ̫Įˣɲϲ͡
ҲһŹֵĿųԡ
ȿȣˣҺֻǵһμѡԸɿһæ˵
֣ôǳģ庬Ц˵
תһֻǹȻ
Ǹʲô
˶ɻ󲻽⡣
ԣ˰ɣ˵
ԣһ㶣ߺȻһȻǵһòˣʵ̫ˣǲ޸ġ
仰˼˵ʵǿĻͻ޸ң˵
㡭ߡĿ˳һۣתȥֻһõıӰ
ʲô˼ɻ
ͷʶȻֹذε˵ľ档
֣㲻˵ͷǵһμ𣿡ЦǺ찡
ĺȻ÷ȾȺŮӶĿ࿴˵ˣǾ䡮ˡĻʲô˼
ԹȻǲѣһˣѾкܶ˶סˡذεЦ
Ȼֻ˶ĽʵĿųԡ
ɶ⳽ʲôͷȻͷʶҿӺ죿
ʲôͷڵų˽ʦһƾ
ǿҵˣ⳽ҲҶ˼Ĳ
һְĽǵĲߣ޺޵ĿųԣͷĽּʣֱǷ
Ҫ֪ǲ˫֮һ콾֮һһλ̫ϳϵĵӣݺε󣬾Ƕͬ콾Ԫ桢粻ǲٴɫû뵽ԾȻõ˵Ĺעʵ̫Ƿŭˡ
ˣҲֻܿЦ
ţԪͷ粻콾Ҳˡ
˾òݣע⣬һ⣬϶ܹоһֹ°ʣ·ûκܹǵۡ


862 ϼ
ǵĿ⣬кܶ༫޾Žʦ޷ܡ
Զڶϸоһѹ
Ƕ˴һذεһսӣĿսܣ˿εĿ粻Ԫ˵
ذ֣ܹܿԸԳˡЦ
ذεֲڵͷһ촽˵
˶¶ɵ֮ɫȻǸоذεԼѹҲ⡣
ϴ˹Ȼ򵥣
Ȥû뵽Щˡ粻һɫа죬ˣ·һۣҪȥ޾Ԩ֮һ㣬Ŀذεһۣ˵һͣʵһ޵оŽʦǿһȻҵĶ֡
һǱѶֻ˵ĴѡԪĿưĿһУм˵Щ˶ֻǶѡ
ǳԵҪˡ粻
ãɲܺǣŮҵġԪ
ԣұͲϲ͵Ůˣϲǻֶ粻ٺЦ
ŮˣԪĿ˷粻һۣ˵ҽ㻹Сһ㣬ǸŮ˿һ
һŮǿҲֻһŮˡ粻Ц
ԣ
ڴʱֻһǹϵϢ򳽻ӿͬһҪû
ʡ
ٿȻϴһ
ۣ
ǹͽ˲
˭
ɫŭĿ⿴ȥһǹӰʱʧ죿
ԣ죬û뵽Ұɣ
죬ϣűǹŵķΡ
ȷʵû뵽ԵͷһƬԾû뵽Դʧ쾹ȻǱϣΪȻǾŽʦսȻֱǿߣֻҪһԵͿԴﵽǿ߲Ρ
˻
ǳΪˣԵȻҲסһ
ܹ˽ʦǾ飬Щ
ˣϡʮͬ˦˺棬ûκλɵģԼͬеĵһˡ
Ϊ㣬ֻжʮ꣬һһǱһʮ߰ˣӽʮˡ
ɾˣΪȻԼ
ֱǲţ
ǹѵһţҲڶ̶֮ڣһʦŽʦ
ѵҲǴ˵ˣ
Բ
Ҳֻ˼ǿˣܹɾͣԵ
뵽ԵмƶΪǹǱʵǰţ½ǿڣڶҪǿܹݽǹţѾ˵д˵ġ
ǺǣֻЩѡ
ǺһЦ˵ԣʵںܾ֮ǰҾѾ˵ˣ֮ܶ󣬲ʱҲûаմ㣬û㣬ѡǹŵǹڣ˾ǹ
ĿƣսȻĵһУΪľһܹ㣬ڵȵˡ
ǹڣһ⻰üһû뵽쾹Ȼվ
ǹڣ˼壬ǹĵط
磬Ľнڣ
һ˵ֵطʮΣգΪıԶǿʹùı̺ǰ־впܱʴ־顣
ţϹʱལڣǹڣڣֻǽܹųˣһ
һ⣬ܹųˣöãͻΪǿߡ
֣Ҳ൱һִУ糽ԽܱʵıУǹڣȴΣգΪҪеĲһǹǿߵĴУǶʮǹǿߵĴС
ȫһ£ʮǿ־Լ񣬺ܹܵˣ
ԣǳҲǹ־𾪡
û뵽һըųЦǺǵ˵ǵó𣿡
ҲˣԾ
ڳϣΪģΪԷ񶼼亱ɱ¾ǳԶҪСԣɳĻǳˡ
ش𳽻ԵĲ죬һ
ϣ
ֻһ£ʮֹӣ滭ƣһЩɱ¾󣬷·һϹսһ㡣
ϣԾȻоһذεϢ
û뵽ǻɣϱһѪɫʵıɢӡӡϢ·ǴѪóһ
ɱ¾
һϵɱ¾ˡ
ңΪҲǾŽʦս޽ӽǿߡ
Ҫס
ǳҵԤϣû뵽ֶЦ
ߣԣңԶ߶ݣԵɺ֮£˹ĴУûɣ˵֮䣬޵֮ɫ
ˡ˵
ûб䣡һҡͷ˵ҴӲϵĿ޽Ϊľгһܹ㣬гɣǿҲһսҲ֪ʵһнޣΪ˵һˣǲģҪھϣĺһս
Աˡҡҡͷ˵ǰ㣬ɲҫ
ҫԣҵõ˹ϴеĽѵӦĽ𣿡ϹЦҵɱ¾ѾɣֻҪ㣬ҵĽܹףҳɾǿߡ
ûᡣҡͷ˵
еģһ϶ųԣиֳһĨϼɣ


863 ټŷѩ
˶٣ĿƵذεϣ˵ذεһΣҲҪ㣬ĵҵĽ˵꣬߿
Ҳǡ˵
ԭгϣһԵذεϵ֣ǾȻʶ
ԭͬţֻû뵽Ȼ˹ĴСʵأ
ǻĽڵĵӣԹϧҵϡذεЦ
ĽôԺЦ
֣ĶֲٰذεЦ
£жҾʹ١Ե
ʲô˶Ҫ¡ذεЦ
޼ˣȻ˵
ֻһ޼ɺŷѩ˺ȻС
ŷѩǺܲϧǼ޼ɵģǽˮ¥̨ȵ°粻ŷѩ˵
޼Ǿ֮壬ŷѩǾ֮һ˫޵ĻΪǰٳ߸ͷһʮףƿ֣Ȼ޼ɲŹˡԪƽ˵
ߣҲһαӶѣŷѩ֪ĿĻ¾ͻԶԶġ粻˵Ȼǲмڼ޼ɵΪˡ
δز֪Ԫ濴ŷѩһ˵
ٺ١粻ٺһЦȴǲ
ԪˣҲ˵
޼ɺŷѩĵȴ˵ȳ
޼ˡ
콾Ѿĸֻлֶûˡ
ǰǲţ˵ŵĻ˾еš
ǾŷѩƯǺͷǱȼŮˣ˵Ǿ֮壬ʾϹʱܺõףʡ
ǿɲǣŷѩųΪŵӵģ֮ǰʦǣû뵽̶꣬Ѿǿ߾Žʦǿˡ
ٺ٣ҿ˵޼ѾŷѩԼŮˡ
ðײ˶ɶˡ
޼Ȼǿ󣬳ȷǷȻߣ෴ŷѩȴǲеŮ
ѩԿ˼ҹӰϲɶֹӿ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ͬʱŷѩҲ˳ԡ
ֻ÷˵˼䣬˹
ɣ
һĻذε˶ˣŵĿųԡ
Ҳǳ峽İɣ
Ҳһ㣬Ŀųԡ
Դ硣ֻŷѩһϲǰһ㣬ѩ֪һġ
ѩסŷѩ֣һֿ֮顣
šŷѩһ죬ȴɳץסԼ֣ĿŨŨ
⡭
һĻ˭µõԺŷѩĹϵˡ
ޣֱޣҵŮ񰡣һе
Ȼ仰ȴõ˵ͬ
УŷѩǵŮˣû뵽÷ҲͰˣŷѩҲŹһ˴󵨵ץסŷѩֱ֣Ǻ
ɶһҪڴϺúýѵһλ޵оŽʦݺݵ˵
ҵŮҲҾΪˡһλǿ߾Žʦŭ
Ҫһλǿ߾Žʦŭ
һӣԾͱŷѩİĽߵˡ
ѩ鷳Զʱоʮɵ⣬һЦ
ˣŷѩЦ
ٺ٣˵أЦ
ѩ֪ǲµģԸǳԴ粻顣ŷѩЦ
İɣҿѡЦ
ԣŷѩһЦľĶǡ
֣ɩӰɣذεг峽˸ĴָЦ˵
ԺǺһЦ
֣ز¶Ľ˵
С֪ͽ콾Ůӣ˫֮һˡ̫Ϻ߳ҲԳмѣֶΣʱҲ˰
ߡһĻ䵽УȴһĴܲ
ʱԾ͸оһ˫˺Ŀ⡣
Ůô£
ͷɻԼûɣ
Ȼһ˼ǳԴ˰ɣܣѵ׼޸Ҳɣ˵Լɾֻϲŷѩһˡ
Ů˻Ϊﰵ
Դ磬ͷ֮Ĺϵ򵥰Ů˵ĸоеģŷѩע⵽˷ǵɺʹжκ˶ٴɫɲһһЦΪĶԳ˵
ȿȣֻһѡԸɿ˵
ôŷѩһ飬ǣ󷽷ץųԵ֣ǰ΢΢һЦ·Ȩҵġ
ৣ
ˣһ˫Ŀˡ
Ů˫֮һΧۣ𾪲ѡ
찡˫ȻΪһԴףûпɣ
ɣŷѩҲͰˣⷽǿ˵ˣһòˣĹѵ⳽ԼĿ
⳽̫ţˣҪΪʦ
һЩŷѩͷǶаĽ֮꣬ǷŭǼʣܹŮԴףֱеˡ
ɶҪÿ
ҲкܶǺ޳ԵģñĿ⿴ųԡ
ŷʦã˭ôҽأʱ޼ɷ˳˹һº͵ģ򳽻ԵУȴһ˿ײɫ
ĳԡŷѩܳԣԵúܸˡ
ԳԽܼ޼ɣȴĳЦ˵޼ɣܳţ콾֮һ
Ȼ֪ҾͲ˵ˡŷѩЦ
ԣʲôʱʶŷʦõģ޼ɺЦʵ
ٺ٣ѩݽ֮ǰǾѾʶˣŮѹϵŷѩϸһС˵־ģ˵
ŷѩݺݵ˳һۣȴ΢Цĵͷ
ʲô޼ˡ
УŷѩŮˣû뵽ԾȻҵ˵˵ŷѩŮѣⲻǵԼ


864 ֮
޼˭ܳţ콾֮ӣǱϵ콾֮һĻ嶤ĸ߽ʦܡ
Ǻεݣ
κһ˱һԭԼе˴ǻἤŭġ
޼ɱϾǼ޼ɣɫֻһָɫЦһҲţǰǰڣŷʦŵˣҪѭŵĹأһ˽ʦܹתġ
޼ɵȻһЦЦеĿų˵ˣǸ㣬ֻҪȡǱĵһŷʦþͻ޸ң򵥵˵ŷʦþҵδޣһЩ˵꣬һ⡣
ʲôɫ䣬æʵѩô£
Դ磬ҽͣ޼ɵʦ̫ϴϣʦ÷˽Լ£Ҳͬ⡣ŷѩ³æ˵
ţ㡣Եͷ˵
ԣû˵Ļɿŷʦá޼ɼŨģͷŭȼյ
ߣ޼ɣѵղûŷѩѣϲңֻһһŵĵ߶ѣһЩ͵ƽ̨

˶ʱȻ
󵨣󵨣⳽̫ˣ޼ɵŮ˶
ƨû˵ŷѩʶŮѹϵ𣿡
⳽ұǿ˰Һͼ޼˵
ǰ̫ˡ
һЩɵ޼ɵʱ۷׷ס
ৣ
һ⻰޼ˡ
ȻŭĻǺ档
ֻࣣԺٺһЦֱŷѩǰһڣԵ˵޼ɣ㣬ѩӵˣڿ뿪ˡ
˻
˼ˣǵһ
ԡ޼ɶʱɫ࣬ĿɭȻų˵㲻Ҫ󣡡
޼ɣԭΪһӢۺúû뵽˼խ벻Թ̾˵
޼˫Ŀӵɱ⣬־
ס֣
ǧһ֮ʣ̫͵شȣסԣ˵޼ɣڵӣ㵨Ҷ֣
ৣৣ
ͻȻֻ÷˺һܳ֡
ס֡
÷÷ȣ˵ڵλʲô˼
ʦŷѩæ˵
ȵһȥ÷ޱ
ǡŷѩ죬
ߣ÷ˣѵΪ𣿡̫һƢ˵
ӵҳԲѷҪһ÷˵
ҪϻСӣǰܷһ׷Բԣγ˵ʮֶ񶾡
ܷʲô̫ţܵҲ̫ˡҲǶŭ˿˵ˣҺѩ˵Ĺϵ¡
Сӣ书Ƿһ׷ٿȻͬںԨһ㣬ɭȻһţͳ峽ץ
ž
ͻȻһϿ˺Ѷ£׷ˡ
ʲô׷ɫ䣬æ
ءһ
ȻϬޱȣֱǽ˳ȥһѪ
ʲô
ɫ䡣
κ˵Ȳڲ֣֮Υɱ⣡ֻһ½׵ģӰϿգׯµĿŰ׷˵
ǲʿ
ʱ羪
̫ǲʿδҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ˿峤ϣʦܣȻʿһ֮У
Ͳ֪ˣЩʿϹžʹڣϹŴܣǱ֮ƵĿܣһֱȻûһڲ֣֮ͻ⵽ǵɱ
̫ˡ
ʿĿ⣬˶˼ɵ֮ɫ
¡¡
ڴʱƽ̨Ȼ
䡪
һ̣һߴ󡢻ֺ꣬ʴųϹž֮¡
һɹϡɣϢӰ˵־
֮ſˣ
Ǳʼˡ
ڿʼˡ
ϵĴſ˷ڡ
Сӣˡ㡣ţ̫峤˵ǱΣأϣ㻹ܻų
̫ţģһҪѩ˫˫ܣȻҪųɫ䣬ĵУΪΪ߾ͿԴҪʲôõĶ˵Ǹ콾ҲҪ档
㡭ţ̫峤϶ʱᣬ˫ɱ˸
붯Ц
Сӣรɡţ̫峤˻˵
ͲˡԵ
ԣǱɾǲҪСİ޼ɺЦ˵
ҲǡЦ
ȻЦģȴԣɱ
⼧޼ɵҶŷѩͷԲ⶯ֶΣɱ
ŷѩۡ
һŵĳ棬
Ϊ˵Ŀ⣬ת˲֮š
ৣৣৣ
ȫڵʱӰʴϷȻǵλߡ
ǲ֮ػߡһнʦܾ
찡λǰǧǰѾڸǧǱû뵽һ컹ǡһλμӹǰǱѾΪ̫ϳϵ˵
˵λػǾŽʦܣ½޵˵
ǿԿλߣͽ־ܵӰ죬ĸоǱӻҪǿңĸܡ
λǰǿߣһǧǰҺϲμһǱʱ򣬾λǰֵģǻһƺţǲϡ̫߳¶һĨ˵
ͷ̫ǿˣû֪ʲôʱڵģһǧǱǾеġԸ̫϶Բ϶Ҳ
½Ϊϴڵˣû֮һ


865 òô
ô
˶һ֮ɫ
ˣ֮ſǱǶҪСġ̫߳˵
ǣ˶Ӧ

Ȼһӹ˷û֪Դͷ
ֻһ£ԭڵĳ;
Ǳڿʼ߽
ֻϰ׶˫֣տÿһС
ৣৣৣ
һ䣬֮ˣĳȥ
أ
ڴʱһӰ˳
ô£Ժʵ
أ
˲䣬½½м˱˳
λǰô£һʵ
ʸ񴳽֮ŵˣܹμһǱϵȻ˵δܴߣһȡʸ񡣡
ʲô
˻һ˾ɫ䡣
Ҫȥ˴
ҲΪǱûпʼϷҪǣһǱѾʼˣֻǿ߲ʸ񡣡һƽ˵ٷϻȿʼɣ
ɶ񣡡һʡ
û뵽һǱҪϿ
ҲΪǺãһ̫ǿˣЩ˽룬ֻ·һ˵
̫߳͵Ŀ˳һۣͷ˵ҲɣסСġ
ǡԵӦ
ৣৣৣ
һ˲书λ롣
;ʮδܴ֮š
ϸĵĳԷ֣Щ̭ߣһǶŽʦ޾Žʦȴܹ롣
Ҳ˵һǱҪǼ޾Žʦ
ৣ
һ£˶ɫأԭΪһǱǴڲϲµλãû뵽һǾͳ˵׵Ĵڡ
򵥵˵һǱߵսΪĸΣ޾Žʦ޵оŽʦǿߡ콾
һ˲˵˶ɫء
СġΪǿߣڴȻǵһЩҪΡ
˶ĬĬͷ
֮ź󣬳ҲҴ⣬ȫľ衣
ৣৣৣ
ʱЩ֮ˡ
ޣ
޵У
ŷ裡
Ժ嶼һûмˣû뵽ǾȻˡ
ǿϢ循
ԣлˣûҲôʹﵽǿ߲Ρ޵ͦΣûаԪϢˮ©ģȻδı䣬ȴ˼޵ţ˾η
ԣվ㽻һ˳ƺŵӣû뵽ɣһ˵ĳƺţֻܹʱ䡣һ⣬֮ɫԱ׵׵ûнԷС
ܸԣƽΪĳ裬Ѫϴ
Ҫȡ;ûʵһƽ˵
ԣڣ㻹ţǲ֪ǿߺ޵оŽʦ֮Ĳ࣬ҲգǿߣͲƽЩ̨ϣ֪ˡ޹ЦԵŵĵ
֣лˡŷȴ˳ߣŲʱģøУ˳һۣ˵ϧδͻƾŽʦҶ˾ͿٴʹĴսһˡ
ˡЦ
Ǿ;ּˡŷЦ
ҳˡ޼ڰɨ˳һۣɱӣųԵŷѩг˼ʣӣҵģҪ棬ݺĥڣ
Ȼ˼޼ɣкܶҪѵԡ
кܶ˿Ҳ˳۰Կŷѩ˵
áŷѩġ
ˮڣǸҲúýѵһ£ɲǰȥԵȻЦ
һԸǡŷѩ¶Ҹ֮ɫ˵ԣ֪𣿽˵һ졣
Ҳǡսŷѩ˵
ȿȣ֣òô飿ذεɿ˵
ֱ˹飬ɷ˰ŷЦ
ǰ˶һĽ֮ɫ
ǺǡԺǺһЦ˵ߣҲҪӿٶˡ
ৣ
˵ͷٶȼӿ죬˳̨׳ȥ
һ̨ǧףȻ񣬾ɢһɴϢ
һһ˳ס
ৣ
վϷǰһ
Ϲž𣿡
޴ޱȵľ̨أɢϲɣֺޱȣûȴһļͬһܴ
ÿһ˶𺳣
һ͸ĸоʦܶ޷Եʡ
Ϲž̨
ϹʱѾڣױȣʷƾá
ৣৣৣ
ֻɫӰԻ̨ϷʿС
ڸղѾʶ˲ʿʵû˵һǵʵ
ķʯʡ
ѾϿʯϣɽӡ
볡˵
ৣৣৣ
ǧһӵ룬̤뾺ÿһ˶ҷĴ澴⡣
Χ̨
Եһ
ˣˣˣ
ͻȻÿһͷϿնֳһ塣

˽Ծû뵽ԼҲԻˡ
󲿷˵ʮֵ·ʱпɢһ㡣
Ψǿߵʮǿâ嫣ϢƮ죬ͷۡ롢צԻ֣·һͷϿһ㡣
֮ǿߵȻû콾ǿҲаɳϢҲʮǿ


866 ȡ
һ࣬Ǿǳԡ
ֻǰ˽ʦȴǱδʼǰѾԻȻʵ˿ͷҲ˼֣ȻǿߵҪǿ콾
̨Ͽգ໥໥⡣
֮⣬ʮм䣬һʵͬһһʮм䣬ûһ棬Ե˼㡣
ѵǳԵģɻʵ
һģ㿴ͷϢҲڼ޼˵
аţ˲˽ʦΪȻǿ
ٺ٣ǿźãʵôȴôǿѾкܶ˵ˣʱҲûˮ㣬ɵ
һ˲䣬˶ԳԵ
ͬʱԪ桢粻ֶ޼ɺͷ˶򳽻ԵǾ죬˷ǣǰ˶֮⡣
ȻǶ֪һ㣬ֻҪԼɵԵͿԳΪǿĴڡ
ҵġ޼˫Ŀռ֮ģ˿ɣлĻɵɱԣӶ
Ȥһ˽ʦȻ֮ǿҵҪкα¡ֶһ£ӡӡͬһһ㡣
һҪ㣬ԣȭ˵ӶҾͿԺͼ޼棬ǳΪ콾
ԣ̫ˡ
ǰΪȻ
ҵҪǿŷѩֵĿ˳һۣԽľԼܣȴûжʣΪȫųԵġ
̨ϴ򳽻ԣжһ˿졣
һΡĿ˳һۣȻ˵
ǰ⳽ԣȾ棬Ҳһʢۺʵǿ˵ǴΪҪһǱҪԭɡ
أ˵һδ
ж䰡̾
ֻоѪĿ飬ܳΪǿߡʯɶҡ
̻ǡϺһ󶼵ͷ
ˣʼɡϻ˵
ৣ
ֻϳͬˣʶĿϹž̨ÿһ䣬ÿһ˶ܹо
ÿһ˶һ𣬰̧ͷϵˡ
Ǳʽʼɨһۣ˵ղŵɸѡǧʮ˲μӱǱڽǷֳ飬ÿһ߰һʮˣһһˣ߰һʮˡ
ȽеԵĶԾ֣ÿһһֿգ̭ʮˣһһʮ˽ڶϴһӣһɫ纣һӿǧÿһˡ
ৣৣৣ
ÿһˣǼ޾Žʦ콾岻ܿƵĳϹž̨ܡ
Ȼ콾̨
Ҳǲⰲţ콾
Աֵ̨
ŷѩڶһ˱ֵ
ԣһᰡҲ˵̨ųԣ̲סһϲԽϣܹܳˡ
ȴֻǿһۣ˷粻
˱ֵ˵̨֮⣬ʮλǿߡ
˵̨ǿƣõĻҲԾͻᱻ̭
һξͷŹ㡣޼Щźûԣж֮ɫŨȻ¶Ҫɱԣŷѩԭֻһ㣬ŷѩ˫֮һܹԼ³лÿһ˵롣
Ҫǣŷѩľܹ֮ľ֮ǢͻʦĻᡣ
ԣŷѩõ
̸о˼޼ɶԼɱ⣬һ½ڰԪĳˣοһ޼ɡ
ȻҲǳźһ㡣
ԪʮڲųֵҼΪأ˶֮⣬֪ԪĴڡ
ԪƲȻϣܹһǱɱյϢ
ңǱ뷨ǰ̽ԪټϾԪ̫ˣ¹죬һٳǰ
һʼǽĽᡣ
ԪѪծѪ
һɵɱӳϴ˳
ৡһ¡
ʱЩ޾Žʦ޷ֵɵԡ
ߡ˭ֻ֪һͽɢɱȥ˵ԣſ˶ˣǺú룬㲻ңô죿
С˵־Ц
ɶҷģһҪ޶ݺݵĵ˵꣬Ҳһۡ
ãԣעҪһսϴӲԶ˹Ŀ罣һ㣬䵽ϣս⡣
ҲɡԲÿɷ˵
֮һսƲ⡣ĿƵ
˵ɡûкͳ˵ȥ˼λϣ˵
ߡһҲһλãĿ

һͬ
һ飬ڣ
ڶ飬ſɣ
飬¶ͨ
飬Фɣ
飬Σ
ͬһʱ䣬ʿԽͬ
󾺼̨ɵĽбԡ
ϺͶ޶˶ԳԳһս֮ģͬǰҪһսҪһսɱԡ
߰һʮˣҪ˶ϣ˵Ҳ˵СҲС


867 Ծ
龺̨
أ
һͨء

ڴ˴ֺܶʧߵ̱ʤɣǿһ֡
ĳɳ֣ܶɶֵ׳ԼԼ˸ǿһ·߸衣
ԵٶȺܿ죬һʱ䣬ͽʮԾ
龺̨Ҳˡ
ܿ죬˳ϵ֡
ߣ
ԵЩգΪһҪսǳԡ
ȴǵȻһЦˣҲ˽һ³ϵʵ
ֻĶһ޾ŽʦͳûпɱԣȻûȭһս
๾๾࣡
һȭߣһȭӯȭ־գǳһϡ
һȭǿǴﵽ˼޾Žʦޡ
ƣ
Ȼֻһƿһȭ
ৡһ¡
ûжãΪŴһնѪһĽʱ£ȭ˽˳ȥһѪ
һԾû˹
ΪһûκĶԾ
ȴǿһЩŵǾǳ϶ɱ¾ˡ
һḶ́ȻѾĥͨ͸˹ȻͬСɡ
Ͽ˳һۣλá
ͬʱҲ˳ֽܶ
ڣԵûжٵģֻҪǲҪڵһ޵оŽʦͨء
Ȼÿһ˵ܺãֺͺ˲޵оŽʦûܽڶ֡
һ֣̭ˡ
аˣ
֪ܹߵһ
粻
ʱ粻ϳˡ
Ϊ콾֮һ粻龺̨
Ķȴ̨ûУֱ̨䡣
ˣ˶ɨˡ
ûԹϾκһˣԷ粻ֻһͿصĽ֡

Ͽգ粻콾еһ̨ˣ˸ղ˵ϢǿһЩһХϢϣȻǿڼ޼˵
޼˶һƽ
Ÿտʼѣһʤʲô
ң޼ɡԪ˶ɳ̣ΪˣɵĻ˵ЧʮٱֹӶʤˣǿ˶࣬˵ԳΪһ콾
Ȼ粻Ҳ˼ֻûԣвź
˳һۣƽλá
Զѫ
ڣֵϳˡ
ϺͶ޶򳽻ԣǶһ֮У꣬أһжΪ˴ܳԡ
ȻѾںܶ˿ųԵʵϣܹĿóԵʵ
ৣ
һµ˾̨٣裬ھ̨һأһǿȭϢͬӹھ̨ϱһ㡣
ǳԵĶѫһ޵оŽʦ
ˣĲ߶һû뵽һʵȻ൱
һ㣬Ҳûϵ
ѾˣܶޡĽŷ衢޵ˣɾͽһˣǱδʼˣһ̨벻עⶼɡ
ôأ
̨£粻Լǿ߶
Ƕף˿̳ԻûгɳҪӶھõʱ
ѫȻϵóԣнŵͬʱּΪʵû뵽Լĵһ־ȻǷﳽԣ˷ܣ˭ԳԵȻҲ⣬ҪӶ᳽Եǿ˱ǿ
֪ԲöԸԲҴ⣬˵룡
ৣ
޵вεѫԲҴ⣬ȡ齣Ҳ˵һ롯֡
ѫǺȻ˷粻˶ĳԡ
ٺ٣ǿҵͬ⳽ԿһݽɫʵǿףҹûǿߵսѹƲ
Ҳôãѫܳԣס
̨¿ųԺѫˣ۷׷ס
޼ɵҲ򳽻ԡ
ϣʵҪֻ̫ܽѫˡ޼
ҾͺˡԪ濴򳽻ͷ˵
ԣҿʵɡĿעųԣɫӣĿٿ䵽ŷѩϣһת򳽻ԡ
ǣǳԹϵǳֶһ̨ǡ
¡˵
ŷѩˣҿۿˣŷѩͳԿŮѹϵѲ߲ɣֶЦ
ֶû꣬ҷҪߣҲûиϵŭ
ߡֶһ˵
ŷѩҲע⵽˷ǵĿ⣬ǹһ˿Ц⣬Ŀ䵽˳ǻ罣Ӱһϣ˵Դ磬вѩ֪İûйϵΪһһ֪ġ

һ֯ĿУԺѫһˡ
ˣˣˣ
ѫȭǿߣǿѾﵽףһȭһжƬ硣
Ԫĵ졣
һᣬ͸ֳɫĹԣմһ㣬ȴʮּӲǿһȭҪ򱬿
ৣ
ԲҴ⣬ʩչ罭ʣͬˮһ
ȴⲻסѫһȭ
ԣҲˣȭѫЦԽսԽ£ս߸裬һԽһսսһʩչȭҪһ˲ѾԵƣܳԡ
׳գ
ˣ粻˶ѫ߲ѡ
ִ򷨣ֱ·Գı̬
ѵ֪Ͷսһ˺۶û
ȻĳԾǿµķͻָѾˡ


868 һ
˿ѫȻѾһ㣬ԪģҪһٴܳԡ
ȭɽ
ȭӣ
ȭɽӣ
һ˲䣬ѫʩչһȭ
ৣ
һӳ٣Ǻһ䣬ʱ䣬Ȼ𽣹⡣
䡭
ѫȭԵһȭһʽ̺ԵϢɽӵѹķȭķһȭͷ۴ٽ⡣
̤̤̤
ͬһ󣬽̤ķ¡죬ȭ־ͺǸһȥ˳һ򳽻ԣҪ򷭡
һȭȭƥȭɽӣԵ˼㡣
ȻѫѾȭ־ںﵽһ۷״̬
ٷţ
죡
׻ױ
桢磬һҽһڻɽӿ죬һʩչ
ֻԾϳ৶£ϯأһ£ͻ⽻ۣ֯ȴ̺˿µĻ
һ£
ҷӿսսһ㡣
飡
ѫһƽϯȭƣԵɽӣǹ죬һȭ齣ϣⱬ䣬ܡ
أأأأ
֮䣬ԺѫӰͽ֯һײ֮ڶ
ءһ£
޾Գȼնȼգ߻磬ȼտԪ֮ͣһɫڳܣͬһѣХ֮䣬ոͣһӾ;ѫ
հν
齣һնս籦ʯһĽһš
һ
ֻѫ͵һͣˡ
ৣ
ԳƹЯսƽ
׽⣡

ʩչ˸·սĵ쳹һӶ鲼ܣнʬ顢õ֣֣צѫ
Դﵽгɣʵͺһ
һжֱָߵ飬Ӱֵ־
ֻҪ־ҡܶ־׶ˡ
ৣ
һ£ѫɫ䣬ȻûϵԵԴ
һĻҲ˿ǳϺ˶ϸϸ֪֪˰սڳԣ˽Խ࣬ʤҲԽ
ΪǻûеõǿߣԳԣûбʤİա
ͶһսѾвΪǿ֮µһˡ
ԣһЩͳԶԾˣҲϸϸĹ۲
ڼ޼ɡԪ桢粻ˣУ
ǿ֮£ϣ
ԣֻһܹǿ˵ѡ
ѫԸˡ
ԵʵͬСɣҪûпܡ
Ծһָ̬̫ǿˣоԵʵѹ
龺̨Ĳ̨µۡ
顱һ
ֻѫһˡ
ɶ񣡡ѫŭѣ˫Ŀ죬û뵽Լ˺õĻ޷ãʵڿ
ģһóԵԼһԳɾǿߡ
𣡡
Ȼ쳤ХһƬ̫ͬһҫķ

ֻѫһȭƬϯֺһȭٴһ
࣡
̺ͬˮˮһ㣬ǰԪĵƬͷһУһͷɫʨݵĳˡ
ʨȭ
ѫʨХԭҰǽɫʨצֵ򳽻ԡ
ռ䣡
Դͻгɣܹ۳Ŀռ䣬ǿ컯Ӷǿܣѧܸͨǿ
¡
̨һҡΣռ϶
ءһ
ǽɫʨͱռʬ顢·Ǵӵ׺ݵɫʨ
𣡡һᣬɫʨͱûһʣɢˡ
ۡڽɫʨȥ˲䣬ѫʱһѪ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
ʤ
һ˲ʿ
һԲûг̫˵ϣϾԵʵĿõġ
޼ɡ粻Ԫȴ˿
ΪǶԴܳԣǼ޼ɣɱ
Ȼǿ
ͳ϶˴ӿעⳡԣΪǺܹĳԵʵ
ȻԵʵûгǵϡ
Ƕ֪ûóԼʵʵ
ǲû˺³ԣ˷ܣҲֻԲԺһս
ǿĳԣܹȥеĽᣬǿ
ǵķӣ˳Ⱦһ˫Ŀ˳һۣͲٹעֶߵȴЩ
δǡ
ŷѩ飬üĿ续Ĺעδ뿪ϷֺҸ΢Ц
һĻ޼Уиӷŭ
ԣһɾûôˡ粻ĵ
ҲɡԵ
ߡ粻εݣһǿߣ츳ףƷǷκ˶ҪЩ̫ϳ϶û뵽⳽ԾȻ˿ǲУֱ
һ£粻ͼǺ˳ԡ
ٺ١ˣ޼ЦȻڼġ
һУԶ⡣
ΪĳѾˣҲ粻һ
أ
ͬʱԪ˶֣һ֡
Ϊ콾ʵǷĪˣֱĳ֮ӣ֣ܶͬԷˮһ򵥡
ͬʱŷѩҲ̨ˡ
Ǿ֮壬壬츳ǷԴӱ÷˿ֱͣٳ߸ͷһߡ
ѧͨҲѣϹͨմʹ
ߣǳԵ
ף˵棬ŷѩ֣֪Ϊ˶У޹ֺô˶ú޺޵Ŀ⿴Լ


869 콾ʵ
ԶǣǵȻһЦ
ǵø˺޵óˡ
ŷѩȻһЦ·ٻţضΪ֮ģ˰Ľˡ
ŮСЦ
ܿ죬ŷѩʹֽܶһ֡
Ϲž̨ݱľС
콾ʵΪעĿÿÿܹһƬȳ
Ȼ˼޼ˣʮǿҲǴͷ
ΨһźǣڵһֶԾͱ̭
ȻֻһСѡ
ȺŻֶ˳Եע⡣
ȣ
ֻ̨ϵĻֶһ˾ͬһ㣬Ʈһ˫źֱ޹ǣڿ趯ͬӷһ㡣
ûκεΣպɱĶȴ֮ûУͱ˳ȥ
ǳ֮֮
Ŀһû뵽⻨ֶ
֪ǳοֶ֮ȴͬʱ֣콾֮һ
һ㣬Ͳκܹġ
ֶ¾̨ȴٿȻųԿһЦһֱһϮȹһַζ
ǰɣֶԳЦ
찡ֶȻųЦûпɣ
⳽ԼֱޣŷѩŮѣȥǷҲͰˣû뵽ֶҲŹ
찡콾Ů콾⳽˼⳽Լֱ̫ˣûʵһ㣬Ҿ
˶ˣ𾪡
ֶ˭
Ů콾֮һ츳ӱ˫ȺŹͬϵһ㣬꿡ϲ
ܶ˶˵ֶݵĻݾͲ˫
˵ֶ
˵˿ڷǺŷѩŮ
ԳȻһЦǧ˵Ĺעŭӳԡ
ˣԿЦѣԼʶ⻨ֶò
ֶͷֶԷһ·ʾһ㡣
ߡһֶˮƽʲôʱҲ½ôˣ
ôԴˣֶʵ
Դף˵˵ֶС˺죬㵽ˡ˵
㲻ô˵һỳɣô˵ԽԽ϶⳽ԹϵǳˣѵĿֶЦ˵·ûпϵŭɫ
ٺ˵ҾˡĿŻֶ˵
ˣ˵˰ɡֶЦǺǵĵʲô𣿡
㡭һ˿⡣
ˣֶ֪ˣæ˵˺ˣҲ˵ˡ
ߡ߲
ԽԽȤˣҪݶŮһĳɣֶųԣﰵ
Ѿͷв𣿡ԼֶԼü
ţԲɺݺݵ˻ֶһۡ
ߣҵɱҪÿֶһС˵
Դ磬ÿ𣿡ʱŷѩ˹
Ѿͷв˵
ֶвŷѩһЦ˵Դ磬ô˵𣿡
ҸʶȴЦһ۾˵ǲвʼЦ
ȵ˼ҵİɣŷѩ׸һ˵
Цˡ˵һԼѵӢ磬ˣ
꣡ŷѩһЦڳšһ£˵Դ磬ƤҲ̫˰ɡ
εʣ˵вˡ
ɶĳԣ˵вҪ㣬һҪÿȻԺŷѩĶԻ˵СýԶֶҪһʱҧ죬Ŀݺݵĵųԡ
бҪ𣿡ԸоëȻһҪ˱ģ˵
ߣ˭˵˼вҲŷѩ˵ԼŰɡ
ԣֻһЦ
ȻҲŷѩľŮ˵һ档
һֱԽеúܿ졣
ûֵĲֿգڶ֡
磬̫գͬԡһ㡣
ڶֱԿʼ
һʮˡ
ÿһߣͷϷǿһ֡
ԳԻ˾͸ˡ
δܽڶֱԵĲ߿ھս

һӹ֮𣬵ڶֱԿʼ
ʿͬبѴʯûκ飬ȴܹһ˼
ǰû˵ҷ
ɵĽС
ÿһ̨ʮˣǿߵĻʽͨһԣǼ޾ŽʦԾսҲǼޱȡ
ϸϵʯϣ޸飬ͬϹʱڸӲ
콾׷׵̨
ںܶ˿ʱ콾ʱ
˵һȺ貣ô޼ɡԪ桢粻ֶͷ˾貵ǡ
ˣǡ
ͷϷһɣݣϾѾʤ˶֡
ս֮
չֵ쾡¡
һ̣ҲǸо콾ǿ
أ
粻ٴûܶϳԣʮֵźŭĻᣬͺȻһȭǿߴɡ
ߣˡ粻ųԣһ
龺̨
ǹ죬趯ǹ滨һ䣬滨ԭҰ
ৣ
ʽˣӸӹڼ򵥣ǿ׼
ǿУ֮С
ء
һ죬ֻ޼裬棬ȴһƬ䣬޸飬һէ¡١
һдս׹ɽ֮ơ


870 սǬ
ʯ֮䣬־ܡ
ذεȻҲڳԵĹ۲֮УĵɣϢ٣ǣһһʽ޾
ǿߵʵҲչ죬ǹڵĴߡ
ǣ
̨䶯Ŀ
ռ罿ʣϪˮ
ȻξĿռش죬Ѿɾ˺ռ壬Կռƿմˮʩչ
ڿռһ򣬾ǳԶ硣
ʽ죬·޴ڣпռĵطĴڣöַʤ
֣ܶ׾١
ԪƵǿߣһƷͨ쳹أǬ컯
ءһ
ֻһƾʹ˶֡
ڣ˳Ե֡
ĶֲǱˣȻħǬ
ԣɣ
Ǭĸߴ֫ǿ׳ֱһ˫Ŀֿɳ㣺ħŵħ˫ӡӵ˶ɥϣҾҪΪǱѩޣ
Ϳû¡Ȼ
ħǳԵ϶֣Ǳܾ֮Уɱ˲ħŵӡ
ڣǬҪԸԼ޻˵
֪ǿδش򲻰㡣ǬԵúţſħӿɭȻϢ˲ܣħԨһ㡣
ৡһ¡
ֻһ޴ħѳǰԨɲ⡣
Ǭһ˫ģ˳壬ʱħѾͷ޴򳽻ԣҪɡ
ܣ
⻹û꣬Ǭһ֣û˿ֵأ˫̤棬ħ޲̤һ㡣
̨ڲ
𣡡
ֻһħζޣצɷĳ򳽻ԡ
ֶͬʱʩչҪ߽⳽ԵĹơ
Σˡ
Ԭ˶֪Ǭ޵оŽʦǿߣʵʤһ
ϣܹ뻹δͻǿߵȼ硣
ɣǬһǿߡ
Ǭȷʵδزܴʱ˹˹˵ֵΪȻߣʤսǿսǿʣټǿƿֲĻָ޵вΣûܹȼ硣
˶٣˵ǬħԨռʮң޵ʵʱҲûȫʤİա
ͰħԨռ¡Ԭ˵
ãһӦÿԿȫˡѾ֣ܶýʸһԣʯĿͬǹâһ㣬ųԡ
龺̨£۳ʵһս⣬ֿԣһսɲҪʧ
ͬʱ޼ɵ˶ע⵽˳ԡ
Ϊ콾һ۾ͿԿǬʵǿ
ٲȳ
ԣﶼЩǬܳԣӶ
ԣֻҲִ㡣޳ɾǿߣ䣬磬ӵ޵ţ⼸ʵı˷ޱȣ˵Ҳһ򳽻ԣ˵
ͬʱŷ衢޵жҲע˳ԡ
ҲϣһܳԵԼ
Դ磬㡣ŷѩ˴ԼͬչһȻϢһ˫ξͬˮ̶۾򳽻¶һĨ⡣
ˣ޼ɲһɱ⸡֡
龺̨
ǬսڣҪһȭɱԡ
հν
磬ǹ⣬ڳܣ齣৴һţֻⲻ
һ޾ϣħɢ
һ
Ǭо˫ȭһأ类ɽҵһ㣬Ӷ̲ס
󣿡
Ǭ¶ɫһдȣ̤ƽ̨սһƥ֮ƺ򳽻ԡ
һȦܺը
ã
ţһͬȿ죬ֻһħӳ֮䣬ֳһֻֻħͷɢצ򳽻ԡ
ʱԸоһƬ㱣βƵ־Ȼһ˿ҡã֮С
һ
ǬʽȻܹӰ˵־
ৣ
оˣԾ͸ӲҴˡ
һ£гԴӳȫһ罻֯һ㴩͸
ۣ
Դ£ǹǺ֮Ȼֹ
¡
ռһӿֻԹЮϽƳսһǰ
ɣ
Ǭ󼱣ͷð亹
һ˫ֳ֮ƣħܼӳħͬħһ㣬
𣡡
һֻһߵħ֣źɫ£һ˫նۿ˫ͬˮһ趯ŭ𶯣ԻħͶݺݵ򳽻ԣҪ˺ɷ۴⡣
ռ䣡
ûκεͣԽսԽ£ͬνսʿһսס
гԴӿ齣һն¡
¡
Ϲž̨һ»ζ
ࡱһ
ֻһռ֣ǬԼħӰ֡
ৣ
û˿ͣٴ趯ԴУ罭ϡ
ۡ
ħ⵽ײƾצ˻ж޼¡
ս
ԹЮԴһ̤ǰսңŨҵüͬʵһ㡣
룡
Ǭ亹ֱðЩûֱӶõƺɱԣԼҲȾء
ûз
أ
ȭ־ӿ糱ˮһûԼ
˫ȭͬŭһ
ʱħϯӾᣬԾ콵£ذ˷
ħԨռ䣡
Ǭ쳤Хͬħһ㡣
࣡
羨̺ˮƬħϯ˷һ죬γһħԨռ䣬ǳԵԪһ㣬ԪΨħ


871 ͻƵ
ɣֻҪ㱻ҵħԨռ֣ûΪֻ̣а³ǬЦԵʮֵ⣬ħңһħҫһ㡣
Ҫˣ
龺̨˶ʶԣ֪޵е
ΪֶǡŷѩŮ˶ʳԣǬƵ·磬ʮָˡ
ܣ޵жܹܣƾһǬôԸ
һȴǳݳԣΪܸǬ
ħԨռȻȤҪԸԻһЩԪ治Ǹ콾֮һ۽㣬ܹܶ˿һ棬ȻҲǺ޳ԣȴΪԻܸǬ
ܹе鷳ܹǺõġ޼Ц
Ԫͷ
Դ硣ŷѩ¶һĨţһ˫Ŀӳ뿪
ߡǼüɶĳԣ֪ƭ˶Ůӵġ
ɶ⳽ԾȻֻʵ֪Ҿͳִˡ
˵Ĳǿǽ콾һǬõһ˴һٴﵽǿ߶һ
Ҫ⳽̫ˡ
һЩǳŶԵʮַŭҪ֪ǻٶҪõڳԵ
𣿡粻¶ЦЦ飬޶ԡ
ô
̨ϣǹһ˿Ц
뷴ħԨռѹ
Ǭ¶ϵ飬ʤȯգ˫ȭҳħӿħԨռڣǿħԨռܡ
ѹ
һħԨռݺݵķգѹ֮ӿͿҵԸӡ
ռ䣡
ڴ˰ͷԸ֣̤ƽ̨𶯼䣬ƽǬ
¡
ɽҡضһ㣬ɢ·鲼ݣݺὮ
أ
ըԪɢըͣ
ѹ
Ǭһ۾Ϳ˳ԵʮޱȣԼóʮʮ򲻰
һأͬ
࣡࣡
˲Ϣ֮䣬ħԨռϢǣ纣һ㣬һ˸߹һˣԽ
𣡡
ֻǬڷ裬ħܣͷϷīƶ䣬ƮһȻ֮ɫƽԡ
ءһ
ħԨռռײһ𣬾ͬɽײһ㣬
սߣһʱöĤˡ

˶ʱʧɫվԺǬˡ
龺̨ĶԾһʱӿҲ󾺼̨ΪߵĶԾΪս
ңһսغܹסԼ
һ㣬˶ĵġ
ৣৣ
йעĿ£ԺǬ˿
ֻ˶սڣսܡ
壡
һ˲齣һĽʯ֮
һ£
޾ȫ桢ࡢǳ磬ȫӿ⣬ʱʮɫ£ͬʮһ㡣

ʱԵڵԪͬˮһС
һʤһ

ͻƾŽʦȻˣ
ϲޱȣôû뵽ͻƾŽʦϾȻʱɶˡ
һ˼Щˡ
ǰŬ޷ͻƣûг֣˵޸вͨ
ͨսζͻƾŽʦĻᣬҲһһĿսϡ
ͨսķʽͻƾŽʦ
ģ
սϵս
ۡһ
ʩչ˻治ȫȼգһܣͷƯ·Ϊһ

ͻȻХ·Ҫɽһ㡣
˻
˶һĿųԡ
ԽԽǿˡ
ǰҲоˣ⳽̫Źˣ޵˵սҲˡ
ҪͻƾŽʦ˰ɣ
⻰˶һ
ԵսĿõģŰ˽ʦΪսֱǿߣͻƾŽʦĻ¾ǿߵսǽıԿɾеÿˣϾԵǱڶֿɲ١
ɶǧͻƾŽʦ
һЩǺ޳Ե
ҪͻƾŽʦ𣿡޼ɶųԣйâ˸է֣ǹһ˿ڴ֮ɫ
Ǹ콾㳽ͻƾŽʦӵǿʵ޼Ҳ塣
෴е˷ܡ
Ϊֻдܸǿĳԣܹü޼ӵԺУͬʱŷѩֻ޼ɲǿߵġ
ԴȻڱигͻƵŷѩ˵
ߡһȴڴ·ϣͻƾŽʦһ
ô˼أؿڣɴµЩ죬ѵΪǵһòԭ򣿡
˿̣Щӡ
ô᣿ɫЩɲϣͻƾŽʦΪ˽⳽ԣ츳ʵһͻƣͲǼ򵥵ͻƣսǱǣʵǿһµزԼǶ֡
Ҫͻˣ
෴ŷ޵ȴЩڴ
Ϊ˶оһ˽ʦУὣһ˵ĳƺţʵƥԼݡ
ֻͬΪ֮£˳
ӲȻǳ桢磬Ͽ򳽻ԣ֮ɫ
֮࣬нʦ޷֮⡣ϸͬܵ
˵ĲЩص㣬ϣһĿԣҪ͸ԡ
һϺͲ϶һʵ磬ûпɣ
ȻҸоȴڡ䣬üͷ壬˵ָоʮ֣ûд


872 пı
Ȼ£Ϻ϶һҪֵ֪ܿ˵½Ϊϵ󣬵λߣǧǱֵһֲٰģκκǿ߶ûȨ棬˵һС
ŵ˵½һУǶ˽⣬κ鶼ǵ۾
˿̣ȻǶĶֱǲ˼顣
ǲϣ½ǿ֮һ
͸Ǿò˼鶼޷ݡ
磬˵
ʱܡҡͷ˵Ժ˵ɣҸоܡ
ԣϺһ˿ء
ڴǰκ˵ܣܳΪܣ˵ˣǾζܡ
򳽻Ե񣬶϶һ˿仯
ɡ˵
һУ̸ûܹо
龺̨ϡ
¡¡
̨𶯣ҡΣԾͬ٣ɢ貹ԣҫܣħ
ħ֮
ڴʱǬ쳤Х޾ħӿȥȫ
·ħףս޲ʤħ٣Ҫһսԡ
ս
ǬףȼգǺɫɫ棬Ļ磬һץ˫ȭһīɫɫ·Ȧһ㣬ڷŭ
䣡
ֻһȭƥУȭɳԡ
Կȭ
ء
һȭ֮ըѿħкԪ
أ
ʱǰռ·Ҫɢһ㡣

෴ܵħԨռȴʵβơ
ƽ̨ҡ֮䣬Ǭײ˳ȥ
Ԫ
Ҫסζ֮ƣΨԪܹԳʩչһС
̨ҡһռϿ¡
ءһ
ֱѹħԨռϣһħٶ½Ǭٶȶ¡
ڣ
հν
׽⣡
ལ⣡
һ˲֮䣬˽ȥһʩչɱС
أ
ʱ޴춯ֻǬˣϵħͬۼһһƬƬ䣬һѪ¡
ৣ
Ա˫潣һն
أ
ǬػѪĵ˳ȥ
ֻħʱĵħ֮ȻӲ򱬡
ǬһĨȥǵѪɫ԰ףҲ̧ͣͷ򳽻ԣĿ¶һĨ𾪡
ǿĹ
˾̾û뵽Բָǿǿ
ȴûͣ֡
ݣ
ֻͬһǬ
˿̣Ѿﵽ۷״̬ڵԪϹĶͷ·һ㱡ĤҪؿ
ڣԾҪһͻƿڡ
ɣǬǡ
֮⣡
һǬǰ౾ԴĶӿۿ֮⣬ҷһĹɨ£һ
飡أ
ǬʱУģϺˡ
ۡһ
ħ߽֮⡣
𣡡
ֻǬ̧ͷһʣڷɫսȭ־ϴ߹ɣϢ
ءһ
һź򳽻ԣħɭɭ޲ɭϣͬһħ֮򳽻һ
ʣ
ХֻԱ֣貶Ŀһ㡣
࣡
عȻͱԴһӳ˲౾Դ
һɫûйʣҲûйâ֮ƺͷ֮ơ
豹һ
һ
һɲǣض·ûɫʣ·ֻһأ಻
꣡
նħϣʱͬѵ
ţһҽС
ۣ
ħ˸ȻɢֻǬֳһӱ˳ȥ
δ䣬һѪȫܲءһˤƽ̨ϣֱ˹ȥ
ʤʿǻе

ڳͷ˻𣬽Ǭֱɡ
һӣڳԵ׳һ֡
Ѿӽһˡ
ϹžϿգ޴ԣ໥໥⡣
ֻһ̶ϣԵһ֣ҪԵľ棬ԶԳ档
κ˶óԵҪͼ޼˵ȼ磬кܳһξ롣
ˡ
ͬ޼һҪʤķɳԵõķֱ׳ԾԵʵѹķ
һûԣͳһķ粻δԸ

龺̨ܷڣǿ֮⣬վԣ¶羴֮ɫ
޵вε˵˽ʦܹһ޵оŽʦǾǾԵǿ
ʵŻӮ𾴡
ʤΪΪܣⳡչֶ쾡¡
ɺźܽסһԾͻƾŽʦ
áʮָˣ޺޵Ŀ˳һۣʼڴԼԣһŲڵϡ
ڵ
ϧˡŷ̾
ʮǿĶ֣ͻƾŽʦ޵һ۾Ϳ˳Դ˿̵״˵
šŷͷʮͬ޵еĻ
ûгɹֶŷһЦ˵
ߣֶҪ㣬Ҫÿһ˵
˭˭ֶں
ͬǸ콾ֶɲ·ǡ
ûͻʧ޼ɿ˳һۣ¶Ī顣
أ
ͬʱ龺̨ҲǷֳʤ
ڶֱԣѾչβ
콾ʵչ¶һЩʮأײβܹһѾʮѵá
ȻЩǿߵʵҲǷǳ£ǳܹеġ
ܹͻƾŽʦ
Ψһķ


873 ڶʼ
Իصλãƽ¡
оõ˿ԼĿ⣬һּɵ
ֻǣ϶Լս⣬ȼգ粻ɶڳԣǻ
أأ
ǳңǮӶ˵ã޵оŽʦδܽ
ʵϣڵһԾӾǽҴܶ֡
˵ڶԾ޵ǿߣȻǶ֡
˵ܹߵһѾˡ
ʮˣֻʣ˳ԡ塢껡Խˡ
ʮȥˣʣˡ
ڶ֮УѾǺܸߵĽˣħšнڡڵȶݶţֻĳɵĽʡ
Ŀһɨһ̾ԭݵĲ߾Ͳ࣬񾭹ֶԾѾǲ֮һˡ
ڶֱԼҽУսҡ
ʱ֣ڶֱڽ
ڶֱԣ̭һߡ
ֻʣһʮˡ
һ˰پʮͨڶֱԡ
ݲ߲һʮˣĩλ
ߣݣ
ϹžϿգǧʮֻʣ˰˰پʮ
콾ռ룬ǳԵʮǿߵؾ˵
İ˰پʮˣ޵Сǿռ˴롣
缫޾ŽʦǶǿߡ

Ϲž̨ƽһӹ
ֻ˵Ǳһ˽а˰پʮ˹أף˰پʮˡ
˾š
գʼڶϸ˵
ৣ
ʱֻ߳գһӡ
¡
֮Ŵ򿪡
ȥɡϵ
ǡ˹Ӧ
ڽˡ
ǰֻǳѣǱ
ĴҲԽԽңҪʮѣ̭ҲǸߵˡ
ɵ֮߳ţһЩ˵ۡ
߳ݸųǰѰʽ
ȥ˵Ϻ߳ǰ˵
ʮ˵ͷصס
סլ
彫һԵϸ˵̫Ϻ߳
˺󣬶϶ǳĬһ¡
̫߳˵ʮˣͨˡ
ƢԳ嶯̫Ҳͷ˵ǰһǱҪ̫ϸˣǮ˲Ҫ̫塢ˣҪٽȡȡøõĳɼ
ǡʮ˹Ӧ
ˣվǵڶأȥϢɡ̫߳ϻ˵
λ̫ϳϣڶǿ֪ʵ
ԣ϶ҡҡͷ
գ̫߳˵Ǳһ˵һǱԹأ޳ʵһĲߣڶغ͵صĴ춼ͬǰ죬ֱǽ뿪ٿռɱޡսлսһǽϹſռѰݣڵҲˣûһͬġ

ԣ˶һ
һ޷ǰ׼ˡ
Ͼ֪ݵĻһ׼֪һͷˮγѹ
ˣҲҪһж˳ȻνˮڣҪľǾһŬɴҪ󼴿ɡ̫һ۾Ϳ˷˵ߣ̿ο
̫߳ϣǲʲôΪԺȻʵ
ڱУ͸о˲϶Լע⡣
ԣЩԼ౾Դй¶ȥ
ϾŵϹʱ޽еʦԳЩģʶдһʡ
ǧǰǾŽʦܣʱǾǱ½жˣ˵λǰǸ߲ʣԽĴڡ̫廳˵
Žʦ
˶һ
½ǿ߰
ŵ˵һŽʦܣͿԵһο
أʵ
ڣ֪̫ҡҡͷ˵
ǧʱ䣬˻᲻Ѿʦ磿ٴʵ
ܡ̫Ϻ߳ͬʱҡͷ˵½Ѿûͻʦ繲ʶ
Ϊ½ԭ򣿡ʵ
ԭǶϹħ½Ժ󣬴½ǿȻħ壬ʧҲǺƴ弸ǿߵ㣬ʦǿ߶ָǴһǿ뿪½
ˣ½ŨȾ½ֱգʦǿߡ̫ü˵˵ħսǺܳˣڵϣţ½˥䵽زԭȺǿ˹غ½˵Ķ
ԣԺ˶üʡ
Щ̫Ӵ󣬸ڶʱ
ߵĶȴû֪̫˵
̫ϣΪǱδǰ½Ĺ涨ѵϹʱھʹڣʳеɻ֮Ǽ֮󣬾Ѱˡ
Ҳǿϡ
ûС̫ҡͷ˵ǺŹ涨ġ
ʲô
ԣԵ˶һôܣ
׼ȷ˵ħ˳½ǿ뿪½ų涨ġ̫ص˵ԭû֪
ϣüʵ
ȻǱغŨԵЩͻأ
̫ϵ
֪Ծ
Ӧ˵Ҳ֪˵ǻûʸ֪Щ̫߳ҡͷ˵


874 Ϲſռ
ûʸ
仰ȷʵЩŹ֣Ͼ̫Ϻ߳϶нʦܣһǿߡ
ʵϣڲǰȷʵ㲻ʲô
˵ɱһнʦʵ̫ˡ
֮䡯ĸݲϵǿ
һ㣬öϽͣԾܹס
Ǳǹغ½ݵˣȴϰѳǧ꣬û˵Ҳ֣Ѿ˵һС
˵ˣûоŽʦǿߣǲŵġ
ͱŷѩţͲŽʦܣݺݵĶţŽʦܾԳʮˡ
ʮŽʦܻŽʦܵĶ
Ծûκ
ԣԸҿ϶п϶һЩΪ֪
ֻû֪ѡ
󣬳Ե˾ͻصϢ
գ̫գ
߰ɡ̫ϵ
ڶسǿۣʵ
š̫ϵͷ˵ڶزͬڵһأŵĴԽ뾺ۿ
ԣ˶ͷ
ƽ̨ϣѾ˴ˡ
һŷѩҲ˳ߡ
޼һԿҧгݣ޿κΡ
Ƕŭʧȡ
Ԫ桢粻޵˶ǻųԣͲýڶԣ
ͳ϶սڣʵʣɶҡ
¡
ڴʱ֮Ŵ󿪡
Ƚɡ
ϵϹžϿմ
ৣৣৣ
һ²ͣߺ̫ϳ϶֮š
ܿ죬Ϲž
Ͽգ˰ʮɢƵ֮ܡ
̩ɽ㣬ʯϣڸ
й֮ɫĽ
ϰʦܣ̫ϳҲǲ
ڲǰ˵ǣǸŵ̫ϴϡˣҲ

һӵ
ֻվ˵ǱڶԿʼ

˵գһӣ巽Ϲž̨Ͽգէʱɫ䣬ֻһ޴ķѳ֣һɲɣϣɭȻħݳ
ʲô
˾治ѣȲҪ֪ڶԵݡ
ڶԵݡޱ飬粨һָĪĸо˵ͨһϹſռ䣬вవħǿߣȵǽϹſռ䣬ɱħ塣
ɱħ壿
˻һʱȫȻЩʦܶŵĿŲϡ
찡ħ岻Ѿˣôаħ壿
ֱţڶȻɱħ壬Ϲſռôవħɱ𣿡
ûǲవħ𣿹ЩħǱЩǰؽϹſռ䣬øɱġ
һ£˾۷׷ס
ħ壿üͷһ壬Ҳû뵽ڶݡ
ǲ塣
Ϊ£һװħ۴ܡ
¾Ѫİ£ɶȹڶԡ

ʱ˵ʵз£ɱһװħһ֡װħ֣װħ֣ܷʮּûޣ˺ϹſռõĶǱУʱʱڿʼ
ڰħ壬Ҳ֪ʦܣսȴǲ࣬װħ൱ǿߣװħ۵ͬ޵ǿߣһװħ۾Ǽǿߡ
Ϊħϵͬд˻֡
һ㣬ڶҲѡ
Сġ
ʱܶŴܶ²ߡ
̫Ϻ߳Ҳˡ
ȥɣһСġ̫˵
ৡ
ڶֲߣ˰ʮ½½Ϲſռڡ
ˡ
һ˽ѱպϡ
ֻһϿոֳǰĺȻǼ޼ˣǳԣʮǿߣ޵С޾Žʦߡ
ˣ
оһתǰ۵ơ
һ£ǰٿȻһֻѾһƬСɽϡ
죬ҡҷ
ԷȥֻһƬ꣬ľϡ裬ľ
Ϲſռ𣿡Իݣκζһͬˮ£ֻһɫĹ⻪ӳָ

⻪ֻǱȴӾ⣬һɲɣϵϢ
ŨȻҪһЩ
Ϲſռ䡣
԰ֹȻૣĿ罣âһɨݡ
ϹſռȴǴó棬ԳԿȳʦҲ޷̫ķΧ
¾Ѫǰħˣ̸̽⸽ûаħ塣Գһ£¾Ѫǰħ尵ħۼȻ׵ĸоͬ塣
ǡ¾ѪΥӦ
һ¾Ѫ˵ӣԲǧڣħ壬һϷĸ
ĸ򣿡ʵ
ǧ¾Ѫ
Ǿȥ˾ϣȽģٽԶģ¾Ѫİûɲʮֵ
գһΣһȥ
Ϊǧֱ׾١
һʯϣһڵħͷ˫ǣ˫ĿӨӨѪڽգɫ񣬵ȴɢһɱϢܿռᣬһſźɫڵ棬̱ڡ
ޱȣ
һֻװħۡ
ԾӸ£Ұ
ᴩռ䣬ͬһħ塣
ûлΣɻ
ӣռ䱻ʩչֶΣҳҲ޷Ρ¾Ѫ˵
ԭˡ׵


875 ħɭ
Ȼһжǲϰź˵ģǲðħ廯ģֱħıڲǰԶ־ҲԴߵĶ־ˣ½վ棬ȫħһͶɡ
ɱ
԰ħ峽ûʲôģֱʩɱ֡
ս޵оŽʦҲ൱ڶװħۣҪڶʱɱס
ԣһ֣ɱС
Ԫ
ǿĽ־Ľڶ𣬰Ԫ罭Ӻ
¡
ʮռʱһ󣬿飬ڣһжס
ʲôˣ
ɭһװħۣʵǿѾ˲֪ˡ
һоԵĵªϾ¶һĨϲһ˫ɫͫɢɫ֮䵽ϣֱָıġ
ࣿ
ɭޱȣԭΪͬ壬û뵽Ȼࡣ
ֻɫ
أ
˼ʱ򣬽ռ̽£ѹϣħڲ
ɶСҪɱ㣬סɭħϵġɭĺħħ֧ΪӵĴڣϹ֮ʱ½ΪȻûһ֮ɭҲ⡣
һ֣ǹ֮Ҫɱԡ
ͣ
ȻռѾ£̽ħƣٶޱȡ
ʲô
ɭħ۶ʱ䡣
հν
ֻǣᣬԪʩչ˲䣬ʩչհν
ৣ
ⲻ
𣡡
Σʱ̣ɭħ۴һħ˫趯ŭ
͡
Ȼһ̫ˣнռĵɭħۺ޶֮УѪɸߡ
׾֮
ৡһ¡
δٽɭħۣͷ˾֮׶ֱӶ硣

ʱɭħ۷ҽ
ӣȲҪɱʱ¾Ѫ˵һʶİħˣǿ䰵ħһɱʡȥʱ䡣
÷¾ѪҲѧᶯԾˣܺáһϲԼôû뵽أǵԹ壬̲ȡ¾ѪĽ顣
ӹˡ¾ѪͷһεõԵͣޱȣͬͻȻõǹĺһ
ৣ
԰¾Ѫӷӡз˳
ﰵħƣᱻע⡣
󣬲μӴˡɭûзӦͿ¾ѪԼǰʱһæݵ
ħλɭϣηλߣλ߱빧
ħĴͳ
μӡȻ¾Ѫȴǿ˲ɭһۣ󹧹İݼԡ
ˣͰ˵ɡԻ˵
ˣ㾹ͶࣿɭĿɿڴͷĴ𣬡ͽħͽɭҪΪħ
ž
¾Ѫλװħǰɭװħûκεķһƿȷ˳ȥ
ΡΡɽħ£
ʲô֣¾Ѫʵ
ͽ֪ҵ֣롣ɭǰħ嶼Ĳ㡣
ৣ
¾Ѫԣһʵ飬ȴʵʵڵħۣʮ㣬һСָ𣬵ɱɭõɭΪӰ飬¾Ѫ
ҳ屾㵱
¾ѪĿ䣬Ӵħͬһսʿ
ˣ
һƥħɢ
ͨһ
ֻɭ͹˵ϡ
ʲô֣¾Ѫʵ
ɭɭûдǲ
㣬ʶٰħˣ¾Ѫʵ
ʮˡɭ˵ħ£޷ֵ鶼ܵӰ죬оħԹĵȼƶȡ
ʲôΪ¾Ѫٴʵ
˺ҵΪ൱ʮ˶һװħΪɭʵص
ɻֻװħ۲֮¾ѪɭȻʵ
֪֪ɭҿ¾ѪĿ⣬ϵͷ
ܺã֪ͨʮ¾Ѫ˵
ʲôɭ˼顣
ɭǰɣʱĵ¾ѪһװħۣҲˣңҸһλᣬ¾Ѫһҡ
СɭɶСӣҳ㣬Ҳᡣ
¾ѪŭһҪɭ
ס֡԰һڣֹ¾ѪЦǺǵĿɭ˵ֻҪ㳼ңΪҰ£Ҿʹ뿪ȻֱǽɱΪֹ
ɭԳĬ
ˣԵȻһЦ˵Ҳ֪һ˰ɣһΣд߽ǵʵܶ඼ǰĿؾɱǣûһܹ
ʲô
һ⻰ɭȻҡͷ˵Ҳţ
ˣȻ㲻žˡЦ¾ѪɱŻħԸΪЧ͵ģο뿪أ
ǡ¾Ѫ¶ɱƸ߸ͬһն
ҪԸ⳼ɭ˲ŵûɢæͷ˵
ܺãʶʱ񡣡ͷ
ǡɭæͷܹħۣҲǴˣȻ֪˵Ļģôֻ·һҪȥο¾Ѫλװħ۶ˣԼװħ۳ʲôأ
ο糽˵ɭʱ޿̶뿪ط
ꡣޱ
ǡɭ˸߰ͷ­һźͷȽꡣ


876 ɱħ
ৣ
һԾʩӡǣֻҪһ˿ķͿɱɭ
ˣڰ¾Ѫ˵Եĵ
ˣ㿴д룬ǹӦΪǹ㿴𣿡ɭ˵
ԡԵ
ãԵһ£¾ѪǷһ¡ɭ˵
ԴͦˡЦξͲˣͿˡ
ৣ
ԷӡС
󣬷ӡ䵽¾Ѫϡ
¾ѪһҾʩչԪǣȻͳɱǣһԷԸ
ǡ¾ѪӦ
ʮħȻֻһסףҲһС
ϻãҲҪ֡ԶԶ˵
ãû⣩ϻöܳʱûжˣˬӦ
ӣҲҪɱħ塣ɵڲ˳ıͬһСŮһգŴ۾ųԵ
㣿УʵŬĺáҡͷ˵
½Ϊؼһʲô⡣
ңѾֳԼǿĿռ츳ʱգһʦܣɲزˡ
ߣСǣգʹ۾˵Ȼֻ弶ռҲǿԪɲڻ¡
ţԣְɣģڣ¡׵ͷ˵
ϻүүˡһЦϻõ˵
ðɡԵͷͬ⣬ǵסһңҾͰԶֱͻƵ߼Ϊֹ
֪ˡһͿһʵͷ
ˣԡϻúͷ˶һЦ
һԿˣץѣȴֻԵĻ
档
¾Ѫŷӡ̬
¾Ѫһۣɭӿ죬ޱȣǹ˵¾ѪˣѾ֪ͨˣҲͬϸ
ܺá
¾Ѫʮ㣬ޱĵͷ˵ɭΪӶеҫġ
ǡɭæӦ
ɭһۣ¾Ѫ˵
¾Ѫˣʵô᳼ˣɭСʵ
ܼ򵥣ӵʵǿҪǣܹң뿪½¾Ѫ˵㻹֪ɣ
ǡɭ
ǺãҾͼ򵥵ĸ˵һ¡¾Ѫ˵
˳ԣȫΪԴ㣬ɭܴʱ½
Ϊ֪˿̵ɭûĳԵġ
ΪūţȻҪΪֵ
ôɭͣǲţɴɫͫ
ԣ˰ɡ¾ѪĿһۣ˵ʵʵΪӰ°ɣ
ǡɭһڿˮӦ
󣬶˾Ͳ˵ĵȴ

磬Ϲž
ݸ̫ϳʯϣЩ̭ĲҲ׷׹
Ͽգа
տʼûʲô仯ʡ
ȥһʱͷ仯ˡ
һЩֺ󣬳ֻ֡
콾ֶΣҲκܹġ
һȻǼ޼ɣ֡
ڶǣ֡
Ԫ桢粻ֶе֡
ǿߣֻٲһ֡
˶֡
ȻȻѾ룬ҪѸɱħ壬Ҳס

Ϲſռ䡣
紵⽵١
ֻһɹħϯ˼ֲǳ
ݣݣݣ
ߴħӰȻħۣϢǿĿª˿η
ɭ㲻һȺˣôӦ֮ˡһףͷ˫ǣĿİħ˵
ЩǸɱۣһħһͷ­ٺһЦһӽУ¾ͽˣ˫ĿɭЦ
ǲҪ⣬Ҹо֮мǿСӣװħ۴˶׶Ը֮һħʮ侲˵ɭˣЩȴû˵С
ħۣһ⣬Ƕװħۣʵǿ
ЩҶ֪ˣⲻǶԸȺСӵİ취ɭЦǺǵĵ
˭Ȼһǿİħۿ¾Ѫʵ
𣿡¾ѪĿ˴һۡ

һװħ۵Ϣɢħۡ

װħ۶Ǵʧɫ˺󣬻ֲ̿ݵμˡ
ˣеǰ۾ˡǵĲ֮¾Ѫ˫֣ޱ飬ȴȻ
ǡװħһۣǺµĵͷ
λ¾ѪˣǣЩǿ࣬ҲҪ޻ءɭ˵
Ŷԭ¾Ѫˡװħ۶ǻȻ֮ɫȴǴδ˵֣ȴұ¶λ¾ѪһԼ
ǲ֪ʵ¾Ѫ˵һεʮأ̫ţȻֻǾŽʦΪǵսζǼǿߣʮǿߣ⻹ԽǿˣСΪ콾ҪԸǣҺҲöԸԲټǡ
ǡԣװħͷһݣ¶֮ɫ
ȻǱ¾ѪĻסˡ
¾Ѫһϲ֪ԼĻˡ

ʱ½½ʮһװħۡ
¾ѪȻʮɻ󣬵о¾ѪϢ󣬶ʵ
ڷӡеĳԣȻоϲѡ
׿ɭ߸װħۣʮһװħۣڶĹһʮһ֡
ʮֻּŷ־͹ˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
룬Ծ;˷ܣоûаװðΣո¾Ѫ
Ϊ߻¾ѪȻҲʮָˡ
ֻҪܹɹӵЩͬŲȥܡ
οӲɱЩͬҲҪɱԼϻ㡣
ȻЩ뷨ǰİħ۶֪ʵʵվһԡ


877 ˵
һյʱȥʮһװħۣװħۻ¾Ѫǰ
ӣѾˡ¾Ѫ֪ͨԡ
֡Դһӡ
ৣৣৣ
ϻã˽
ʲôˣ
һڰħɫһ䡣
ɱ
¾ѪһװħϢֱͬˮһйȥ
ˡһ
ʮħֱ񵨺ʧˣҪʲô
ʲôɱǡ
ԹЮƥ罣֣Ԫ
¡¡
һ˲䣬ʮ﷽ԲĽռγɣϿֶ¡
ռ䶳ᣡ
ͬʱСѾͷһЦһ˫һСʱֻһռռ䡣
һ£Ծ͸оռĽǿһ
дϲ
Ȼֻ֮һȴʮ㣬޵оŽʦûһܹѿǿߣҲһ˿Ļʣ֮սȡһ˿ʱ
ԣ֮һĽó˷ޱȡ
ҲԵʮָˡ
Ӱ
ʮħۼˣĻỹûзӦ̾ܡ
ۡ
Ǳռ֣ٶȴ󽵣޷ѳȥ¾Ѫۼֿ죬̶֣˲ɱʮһװħۡ
ৣৣৣ
ͬʱϻö˳֣ԪӿԻɱһװħۡ
ɶɭ㾹ұǣ
Ǿұħ壬С߹
Ҫˣˡ
װħۻֲ̿߶ħҪӳȥ
Ժ¾ѪԸأ
ྫ֮
־֮ɱһװħۡ
һ¾ѪԸװħ۾ͼ򵥶ˣûκεķ
зϻһЭֱЩħûκĻᡣ
һƬŰɱľ
ħɱ
¾Ѫħ죬˫趯̤ɽӣڡ
ۡ
Щװħ۸ûκηݽһ㱻Űɱ
ʮʱ䣬װħۡʮһװħ۾ͱɱһɶ
á
һԽħȫȡ
ŷ־Ϳɼ񣬳á
ӣôûиϺȰɣСѾͷĶԳ˵
ϻԹЦ
ߡһ
ûУĲҪΪǵʵ̫ˣ´ȻҪСģû¾ѪĻǸûжԸǵĿܡЦЦСѾͷԴ˵
ΪЧͣӦõġ¾Ѫһϲæ˵
ˣɭǣװħ۵Ĳ֮ءԿɭ
ǡڸղţɭۿɱһװħۣڲ˿ƣʵʵصǣǧһֻװħۡ
ˡԵͷ˵·
ৣ
ɭæӶǰ·
¾Ѫ˽ռ䡣
Ȼ¾Ѫ©ĿԲ󣬵࿴ĻҲǲ롣
ǳԵ֮أռԵޣźʦҲǻᶯģԳԻǽá
ȻⲻСѾͷһɰۡ
һźСѾͷʵˡ
ৣৣ
Ϊ˲˵ע⣬Ժɭһǰһ󣬸ľǰУҶϢҪǶ˵ٲס
ǰˡɭ
ǰһɽ̫Ѵ档
𣡡
ڴʱһĽк
ۣ
Ժɭδǰ״ͼһѪ¶ϳѪȾա
ʲôˣ
װħϢɸߣȫڣ˫ںڷڸնɣ˫ī˿顣
ɭμˡɭǰݵ
һȥװħۿҲɭһۣһӵ
ৣ
罣Խգն
࣬¸£ܺãղűۻɱòأٰҲɱˡװħ˫ɭȻɱȻ̤ԭҰɽƶΡΡɲ⣬ԣһ˵ͳһץ·Ҫ˺ѳĩ
¾Ѫ֡Դһ׳ӡ
Сװħ۲м˵
ˣ
ֻһħϯһֻݵĴ¡
װħһҽУͱĳ˷۴⣬ѪĽ
ӡ¾Ѫʰħ˾ͽԡ
ˣǧ֮һֻװħۣѾо飬ܡ¾Ѫ˵
׷
ȡһöװħħˣ֣á
˿ֻ̣ķ־Ϳ񣬳Źᡣ
ಣ
ԽɭҲսӡУԼҲ룬¾Ѫŷӡߡ
װħ۵Ϊٶȿ쵽˼飬ױۡ
ʲô
֮ززװħ۴ʧɫеôǿĴڣ
ɣ
¾Ѫ˵װħۡ
ܺá
ʮ¾Ѫķ񣬱ϾԼʮֵĻ֣һƴ顣
ҲӡɡȻѾκΣԶɱħ۵˼ͼСһЩ
ˣ֪Ƿ񻹼ǵưħ飿¾Ѫʵ
ħԲ
һװħк찵ħ۵Ĳл꣬Žװħ۵Ĳл꣬һװħ۵ҪƳһֱ׾ٵ顣¾Ѫͷ˵
װħ۵᲻̫ЩԳʵ
һ㣬˿½֮ڣҲֻаħˣҿΪҲװħۡ¾ѪصͨȫԾŬߵľ硣


878 һĻ
¾ѪԲδ⶯Ǽ˵ʱưħƳ٣ɱһֻװħȴǺбҪ
ǺãɱһֻװħۣԺ˵Եͷ˵
ǡ¾ѪϲӦ
һҲһ㱣ϡ
˭Ҳ֪Ժᷢʲô䣬һװħ۵Ҳٴγɰħ
ˣ¾ѪҲΪԼ뿪½һա
Ȼ֪¾Ѫ˼Ҳû˵
ৣ
ܿ죬¾Ѫҵһװħֱۣӽ˷ӡռڡ
ˣȥɡ˵
ǡ¾Ѫռ䡣
󣬳ߡ
һΣɱħ壬Ѱҳϻˡ
ֻоսͻƼޣܹͻƾŽʦ
ǿ߻װħۣĥֱ졣
Ķװħ۵ǲ٣սֻ൱޵оŽʦܹҵֻּ벽Ϳ̤װħ۵Ĵڣ𲻵ĥá
̫Сˡ
־
ǹޣǽޡ
޶йͬ㣬϶ŲĥĽ־
ԣҳϡ
޳ϣɱ¾⡣
һ͸ҵĿˡ
תȫ־Խ̽ܡ
ɱ¾ΪͻƿڣѰҳϡ
ǽޣһɱ޳

ͬʱȴǷһ
ԭ޼һ·ȣﵽ˶ʮ֡
ǵڶʮŷ֡
粻ʮ߷֡
Ԫͻֶģʮ֡
ЩǿߣҲٶ˻֡
ֻǣҲ˵ְζѾ䣬Ϲſռڡ
ڣҲ˰˷֣ɼеȡ
Ҳһ֡
ԭڵĳԣѾһ
̫Ϻ߳һۣһ̾ǿ߾Žʦ嶼ֻа˷֣οˡ
ڶߣҲߣּ١
һĿȻݲ
Ǽ޼ɣȻɱħֱͬԷˮһ
ǰ콾ʮǿ󣬰ħǵĶ֡
һΣǶݶȻٴβһ
ݻã㿴ݾͲˣò׳һǿ壬ȴֻ˷֣һ֮ȥˣζûϣˡ
˵ĲԭһΪȳĳӣû뵽һֶûС

ݲߡۣжǶԶݲм
ݸ̭ߺͳϣ¶ŭɫȴֲֻ
һЩʦܣһΣįޱȡ

ʱм˾ʲô
찡ǳԵ֣ô֮죿һЩĿɿڴĿųԵ֣ٶ֮죬Ƿһȥ
һ֣
֣
߷֣

ʮһ֣

һ˲䣬ȫڡ
⣬ʲôˣ⳽ԵĻô֮죿
ֱڷһ
찡ֵʮһֻ֣˲ʮʱ䣬Щħɱɣ
̫ˣףһۣһ˽ʦӵ޵оŽʦʵҲôʱɱôవħǿߡ
ԣһף
һЩ̭ߺʦܶʱһŭ·𳽻һ
⡭̫Ϻ߳ϵһۣ𾪣˵
Ͽգ
ôܣֱʧôǱҲûгֹڶ֮죬ֱǲš
磬ôʵ
һʱףЩֶġϳ˵
˼ɱôవħ壬ôܣѵһȺһװħۣҲԹԵɱü˵
Ҳʲô󷨡ϳ˵
ܣҲ㣬ֻһɱޣǰħ壬һҲʮңû뵽ôѸ١˵
λǰǳһףλǰ潫̭ʱһλ̫ϳԴǿ϶˵
ǰλǰ⳽һס
Ӽֱ󵨣ڴףӦ
ƴ
˳ͷʦҲ˵
λǰڳԾûףοϹſռڣ׵Ŀܣ̫߳ϼæ˵
ǰʲô׷ڶʱɱôవħǿأ̫Ҳ˵

̫ϴϰһ˵ϷԱ֤û˿ڴףҲ⡣
Ǹǰô£ųϹʵ
Ӧʹһִɱ󷨣üƲ߽ħһɱġ˵ǰǱУҲֹ
ųϾɵ
ԭˡ
찡ôû뵽أ
֪ˣҲһЩ̸̽ǡ
ԣ󲿷ų϶ڲѡ
ֻҲ֪ڶݣš
һֳԵͳȥ
ϣңңȣռݵһλ

ϹſռڣԲ֪һС
ৣ
Է۵糸ٶȼ˼㣬糤羪죬Ƿһ㡣
ǧϱǧұ顣
ʱһɱ¾Ʋʳʣɱ¾ƺƵĳ˷
𣡡
һ޺쳹
ϣ
ԵӶȥ۵糸˳ϵټ
ԣ
ڳԱƽ˲䣬Ͼ͸оĴڡ
ֻĿ࣬ڷīȻüĿɶҡϢܷ꣬ϹɱĽһһεĵѪ


879 ս
£Ȼһ߶װħʬ塣
ԼһϲϵսѾǿߵزˡ
Ҫģ
ϣսɣ
ûκεĽ̸ֻ򵥵һ䣬սڣƥϿպ
ʶ۷Ծ˳ԺͳϵĽꡣ
ٴԡ
һսӣ
ս
ϴ磬糱ˮӿĺġ
ܹһ̶ܴϣΪгԵĴڡ
ܳԣ
ĶҲٳ޷ǿ֮ϰ
ֻдܳԣһ
ֻѡͻʦ
ⲻǳҪģҪܳԣ
ʣʣʣʣʣ
еıͷ·˯ѾõĽһ㡣
䣡䣡
󣬾졣
ֻԺͳ϶ͷϿգ貾׵Ľ־ϿХ𳹰˷ݡ
ৣ
ৣ
˫ĿӣĿ罣⣬ޱȣӲи
һ˲䣬˾

˵ӰδԻ齣ѾɱĽһ𣬽䣬׷ɣƬ

Ͽգ˵УϵȻҪһ޷ƥС
޷Ťתռݡ
սڳԺͳ϶ˡ
ս
˶Ǿͣ绪ͷ·޽ײһ㣬ݺᣬľɣɽ

γɣڶռݶХͬһ㡣
ԣҪ㣡
սڣ˫Ŀƣȫ纣Ǵ£Ӱһɽӣն¡
ˣ
Դ߶ԪеѪҺ罭ʣӿ֮䣬֮ë׾ſ½⣬в౾Դ壬ԼԪĺľ
ɱ
߻ɱ
ɽ
Ϻڷ趯Ӷһն£ͬˮһӿ𶯣һɫɽţͬѣԭʼϢܣš
𣡡
һǽɫɽӿ಻ǧХͬɳԡ
𽣹⣡
׽⣡
հν
Գϼ籩ĹԲ˿Ĵ⣬սӿϢϣ齣ɨʣ塣
ꡱһ
ֻǽɫɽͱ롣
ն
˲䣬Ծ纣ӿεȻ齣ϣֻ˫𶯣¡
ԣó汾³ɣʱվ֮աϰ׶ڷƱ䣬齣ն˼ɣЦްԵ
ã
̩Ȼɽű
Ľ׽־
Ľʣ
˽ʦԪ
һ˲䣬Լ˲䱻ķǧɿռ仯գ콣Է¡ѩ׷ɡ
ءһ
һ˼ѩӣǧѩ
¡
֮䣬ͬһƥնϡ
ռ䣡
ʮؿռǧ׷ɣһƬڽ£䡢ɭȻϢɢܡ
ض·һһһĶСռΡ
ֻʬ顢õȵζǾͷ·Ǵӵ߳ոɱ¾ߵ
أ
ϵһ𣬸оԼԺҪԼʶ
ƣ
Ŀ˫ĿѪ⣬һʺѪۣóϾͬһѪħأնɱһС
ɱ¾־
ƣ
˲䣬ͱ
ÿµɱ¾־һ£Զݣ벻ϵɱ¾־Ȼǿˡ
Խ˷ܣо˸ĤĴڡ
Ҫƣ
ս
Դһɷɣռ䣬̤գϡ
ɱ籩
һ𣬳ӳ޾Ѫ⣬ɱĽһѪ·´˻

籩ƾճڳϽ£紵˺š
ء
ռѹͬɽƶײǽɫ籩ϣһ󲻾ڶ졣
־
һǣϵıƴҲǽ־ϵƴѹ
ϲǽţԡԡɱ¾߶ԣҪռ䡣
ʱ޵иǲ㡣
ЩΪӡ
ΪڳϵϣоһļµϢϡɣԭʼ֮һ㡣
ĴУ
Ȼϵõ˹ϴĴУͬذεһ

һϹԶԴ⡣
ལ⣡
гɲལȻն£ӳĽ׽־·նޡ
أ
Ϸ·֧һ㣬ȥ
ȴûüˣϾѾס̤أһѪӳϿգУ˫Ϸ顣

˲䣬ǻӶɱĽնһ
ʱ
ɱ¾ã
һɱ¾嵴˹ϡɣϢ޾ߡ
ꡱһ
ռķѣԶ˳
һֲ˹
ԣǵһʶʩչϽˣҵĽ£ҲԺЦȪˡԵʮƽ̩Ȼɽٲ첻Եʮִݣľˮ·ûʲôܹӰ쵽
δ䣬ϹЮƥƣ罣ٳ
ۡ
һ㣬ȥԵĹơ
顱һ
ʯԵ˳ȥ
ն
ϴһû֣˫ɱĽڿﻮһĻȣһն򳽻ԣҪ롣


880 ͻƾŽʦ
һ̺׽־ܡ
⣬ӳϹ
ۺһ˫ƾ
˲䣬Ծͱû
¡¡·ضһ㣬³ľɽʯ飬˻С
౾Դ
ǿµĻƽ亹ðţˮʣԲ౾Դ塣
͡һ
ֻ飬Ʒױ׾Ȼ޷ֵһ׸ƣһѪ
ʲô
ɫ䣬ëо𾪣Լв౾Դ壬ƷףԼƷͽ׵ĽȻ޷ֵһ
˳ȥ
һɣԼûв౾ԴƷױ׻ĻԼڣ
ֵסˣҲǾ첻ѣɫһ仯Ϊ׽ߣȻ֪ǿ߷޷ֵ

һ̣ڳУֱһĴڡ
˼飡
ǿ߶ǿеֵһȻֵסˡ
ѵԼ޷
ʱвһ˿ҡǼᶨƣبŲһ̾Ȼ˱ļ
ԣҪ㡣
˫ĿѪ紩һѪ£ܶѪʣ˻ɱĽն򳽻ԡ
еħϣܡ
أ
ϵһն£ٴαˣ³ۡ

Ͽգϵ·Ϊ
ڳԵȴͬһ㣬ǣƤգһ¡
𡣡йеŭ
ۺɱ¾
ϳĿ罣֮һһ顣
һǷ켫Բ
Ϊɱ¾һɱ¾Ϣɱ¾ۼһɴȱζͬһλõɮڵ㻯ˡ
һƬ͵Ľ򳽻ԡ
ৣ
ڴʱԺȻȥ౾ԴһץƷױף
ֻƤ𪣬Ө·һ㣬û˿覴ãÿһ缡ÿһѪ˲·һӣ
Ʋ
һ̣ˡ
ԴͻĽʣ౾ԴСɺÿÿսԶ౾Դ壬̱ףܵ˺޷Ϊγٳ޷ͻƵ׵ԭ򣬼ȻҪʣǾͲҪƾ
뷴𣿡Ц
лˡԺЦ˵
šԣһõԤС
ս
һֻ˫齣̤һ޻ڵն¡
顱һ
齣ʵʵն˳ɱĽϣ䣬鲼ɽ

ֻŤĽһֻ䶯һ㣬ĦѪǳৡ
ڷ仯
ˡ
ѪÿһţÿһѪ
һѪӳͬһ赸
ʲô
ϴһоһвǹвǰĳԣ
ɱ¾ĵã
ӿ죬ϲҵ飬дȣһξӣڵ֮ûһ㡣
һɴ⵽ԭʼӳڳһҰķʽԡ
䣡
֮䣬һɺƺƵϢӳڳϣһɫֱϡ
ء
һ̣һ죬Գԡ
һɱըԵ
ʣ
Ȼһ̣Եͻס
࣡࣡࣡
⻹û꣬ڵĶԪڣϢƮƲʣϼɽϼ鲼ȫ·ɽ١
¶ϲ֮ɫ
¡
һɰԵǿӳڱ
Žʦ
ڣһ̣ͻ˾Žʦ
һǿߵϢӳɢսӿս࣬Ϣ嫣ͬԨһ㡣
ֻһЦ齣һӡ
ۡһ
ϵĹ˲߽⣬ǹɢ
飡
¶ɶֹľ壬Ѫ۵һһѪ
⵽ػһ㣬ɳȥ
ܣ
ζԾǳʤ
ſڵϣ飬ܲѪҲ̶á
ôܣ
һãȻ˫ĿʣţԾȻʱͻƾŽʦսﵽȼǿߵĵز
ֱɱҪܡ
Ĵ𣬷йеԹޡ
ˣ齣תȥ
һ£ɱҰɣϼѵ˫Ŀһ֮⡣
ͷ𣿡Ե˵ǵһΣǵڶΣܸңҪԺңô˵Σʧȥ־أ
ңҡԣſ˵
ڴһսҡƽ˵
Ҫҵһ̫ˣǽ֡
ԣҳһΪˡϹ˵
ৣ
ֻûɽ֣ȥΡ
Լ˵ȻһЦҲȥ
һ˲Ծͷɳǧ
ΪͻƾŽʦԸоˬë׶ˡ
ڣʵ
ȻԶ޵ˣҲһս
֪ڵʵ֮ǿΣоâ˸˵
ޣ
Ժг֣رĺ㳽ԲȥҲҳԡ
ԴУ
գԾȥѰҶޡ
ܹɱͲ󻼡
ʶſѰҶ޵ټ
𣬿ɶСӣɣͻȻһֻħڱζ£һװħɱ򳽻ԡ
˵
ৣ
齣ɨԽɿռ䣬װħ룬ɾ䡣
ȻħҲȡ


881 սװħ
û˿ͣѰҶޡ
һ·ɱʮһװħۺװħۡ
ͻƾŽʦɱһװħۺͶװħۣͬԷˮһ򵥡
ûװħۡ
ȻϹſռ䣬װħҲǼϡٵġ
Ϲſռ䣬޾֪㡣
һʱȥ
һأʱʱ˿Ѿǹȥһʱˡ
Ϲſռ̫ҪҵޣֱǴ롣

𣡡
ͻȻ󷽴˵ĲҽͰħ
壿̲׽ϢȻЩϤӶȥֻ·ɽ£塢ˣ⵽һװħۺװħ۵Χɱ
ϣһʬ壬껡
ݣ
ɱһԵնһ
⣡
аɣգӨӨնˣȾīһ㡣
ʲôˣ
ħǿߴ󾪡
ԣ
̧ͷԣϲ
ۣ
һװħҪɱֱӱɱ
ʲô
װħɫ䣬û뵽ԵʵǿԭΪֻһͨľŽʦ֮£Ȼһ֡
ͻƾŽʦˣ循ϲ
Դп˿٣ϵĸˣҲˣͷ˵Ȱɱ˵
áһװħۡ
¡Ȼȵ
ৣৣ
ûκβã˳սš
ۣ
ڶ𾪵ĿУһɨװħֵ֮ûУͱɱ
ɶ񡣡װħۼˣɫ䣬գҪߡ
Ҫˡȵ
Ԫ
˵ԶŹװħۡ
¡
ռ䵱һֱ֣ӽװħ

һ˫񣬾Ө͸ɢӨ£羪İֻɳ죬ײװħۡ
ء
װħ۴ֲײ˳ȥ
׾֮
ͻƾŽʦʴﵽףһһʽ޿ζ·𹴶
װħ۲ҽһ𣬳ªףŤѪҵ˼㡣
ɣ
˫ķɣӡ׷ɣ÷Ʈ䣬ڣΪһبһ磬ͨ徧ӨͶɣſڣҪװħۡ
ɶ񡣡װħܻ־嵽˼㡣
Ѫն
һһѪһӣһͬµѪйأӶѿһ㡣
ض·ѪȾ죬һΪ
ͣ
װħһնԤϣ޴ն
أ
屻˳ȥ
װħ۹ȻǷ˳һ׾֮˿µսóԶһ
Сӣװħ۶ݺݵĿųԣɱĳ֣ЩҲԼҲˣףǰСӣڵĳ򳽻ԡ
֤һͻƾŽʦʵɡȻ壬·׳ʿη
õװħ
оԼҪըˣһŽʦС˵Լĥʯֱ
ħۣ
һħӿգһħѳͷϿգһ޴۾УнëƤ·һֻۡ
޴۾գ¡
ˡһ
һõͫλúɽɫ䣬˶һѪ
Զоǰľ仯ˡ
һѪʣʬɽ׹ѹڵĳųײⲻײ飬硣
װħħۣǾ
λñ䣡
һû뵽װħ˹죬ֶҲǲȴǲ壬ΪͻƾŽʦǿʦǰװħ޼൱
ৣ
һħ٣ڣħ죬Եɽӣ֮ϣǧħݡ
ħ壬ȼɭȻֻҪߵȼħ֣ǵ͵ȼħֻг
װħҲ⡣
μˡװħ۹ʹ־Լƣйݡ
ɱ
ȣ齣趯ʩչ񽣡
͡һ
һռԵĽûװħ۵ࡣ
ˣ
˲ѣֻͨദѪ죬һᣬ˵ϡ
ԣ
廹һ㣬ֻǳԾĿųԣû뵽ͻƾŽʦʵȻǿȴĿɿڴ͵Ŀųԡ
ȴԼܹ֮ѸնɱװħۣΪħԵʡ
黯ǿħ֣䳼
ǿߵĻԿ¾ûôնɱˡ
ҶѡԵȻЦ
ԣ˶һЦ
նɱװħۣ
Ҳܽнô
ͷʮָˣͻƾŽʦսǿߣһֻᡣ
Ҳϵĸ˲١
ǻ¶ħˣʵ
ʮ߷֣Խ˶ʮ֡ص
ʱܹʮ֣˾ˡ
أʵ
˶򳽻ԡ
Ѿʮˡƽ˵
ԣ˶һ뵽ԵʵҲȻˡ
Ȼ֪ͻƾŽʦ֮ǰʮֵĻͲ֪ˡ
ˣһɱħɡ˵
֣˼ǰɱħ壿循ϲ
šԵͷ䣬¾Ѫʶǿˣͬǰħ壬ȻɸоħϢ
һ˵


882 
ৣৣৣ
ԣ˶ûڳ
ǧ֮⣡
һһװħͦħΰħڡ
Ԫ
û˿ԥֱ۽ռ䡣
һһԴһ֣ɱ
áһ£ֱӶ֡
ءһ
һװħ۾ͱһ
ߡ
¾Ѫİ£Կʼɱħ塣
˶ʮ˷ܣԳԸмѡ
ǷԽ죬һǶлɹڶˡ

磡
Ϲžڡ
찡ԵĻˣһʮһ֣
̫˼ˣԾȻʮˣһֱơ
ǰ޼콾ѹס㿴ڼ޼Ҳʮֶѡ
ţϹſռڵİħôǿһססװħ֮ҲǻͨȻŰɱֱš
˿̣Щ̭ߺʦܣ𾪣̾ۡ
ĪͻƾŽʦˣϿգü˵
ܡ׵ʵǷǽ־ʣһеٮٮߣΪ¾Ͳ콾ˡ
˵ǣԵСӣȴǹúܡͬ˵ֻǰ˽ʦΪƾ󷨣Ҳɱôవħۼİħ壬ΨͻƾŽʦսﵽǿߣٽס󷨣ܡ
ʱͽˡϵ
̫Ϻ߳ϵѾ˷ܣڴѡ
Ҳһζݲûлᡣ

Բ֪ʱڰɱħ塣
һ¾Ѫְħ壬Ծ͸ȥ˵ֱʩչԪðħ嶯ãȻ˳ɱ
һ˶ֻ֪Լɱħ壬ֲŻڸ˵ͷϡ
ܼ֮֡
¾Ѫǿ׾پͷְħټ
ڰʱڣɱʮħ塣
ȴﵽʮ֡
ԽҲ½½ִﵽʮ
һסװħ۶Ѽɱװħۡ
гԺͬʱ֣ǿװħ۶Ƕ֣ɷɱ
̫ˣҲˡһ
ǰһжҪлֿ֡
ûгֵֺİ˾ֻб̭ķݡԽ˷˵
ˣǻֶﵽʮ֣Ҳܹǿˣھ͵ȴնɡ԰˵֣עⰲȫһҪɱħ塣
û⡣˵
ৣ
ԵͷϿա
ͬʱȴˡ
찡˻ֶﵽʮˣ
⣬ǳԺҲͰˣԽкʵȻҲʮ֣
ѵǶײɣ
ⲻܣ㷽ûλǰ˵ĻϹſռǲ׵ġ
Ǽôܻʮ֣
ҿֻһֿܣǷûУԵĻ󣬾ûˣ塢̶ǷԽ˵Ļֶһһһֵʱ˵ĻֶûӦǼ֣նɱħ塣
ô˵Ҳ޿ܣǶ͹ڣŽ
ڵĵӿûŽụ
ܿ죬һЩʶ㣬˼ܵʦܾԼĲ²⡣
ıǲµİ˾Ųʮ
̫ˣǶˡ̫߳˷ܵ
ǰˡ̫߳ϵ
̫ϣô껣ɻʵ
ԣ̫Ϻ߳϶һ㶣ǰô껵أ
ֻ껵һֱ֣
껿Ѿա̫߳׵
ǿ£һˣľǵڶأһ䣬־û˹ǿûɫʵ־֪ˣѾϹſռˡ̫ϸ̾˵
ԣ˶ǳĬһ
ۣǿ쿴ԵĻˡȻ˾
ৣ
˵Ŀⶼ˳Եϡ
ʮ֣
ʮŷ֣
һٷ֣
˲䣬ԵĻ־ͳһٻ֡
찡һٷˡ
⳽Լֱɱħ尡
ǰһ˲ʮ˷֣ʱɣɱɱ
ǵĲ²ǶԵģǼ˵Ļ־ڳ԰ɵģڳԿʼΪԼɱħˡ
⳽̫ˣǱ϶亱
ûг
ϧֻһ˽ʦѣɱٶవħ˵أʵ۷Ծһ
ڶȡõһ˵Ҳֻʧܵķݶ
һЩ˿ʼʳԣв̾ͰοԼеء
񣬳ңңȣǼ޼ɡ粻Ԫ桢ֶ콾Ҳ˦ں󷽣ֻͻʮʮѡ
һʼ˶ɱһװħۡ
һװħ۵Ͼ޵ģװħۺװħ۶ʮǿҪ׾ٵɱף־ӵˡ
ңЩ˲δ糽һŽ˴˰Ǹǡ
һ˦Ҳпԭ
Щ޼ɵ˶֪
˿̣޼ɻΪԼˡ
ʮһ֣
Ц˵ڶһһҼ޼ɵģǳԣһѣڿѾħɱˣҲãŪҵ֡УֻһصĽɫˡ
ڶʱ
ʱЩǿ߶Ѿʮ֡
һ޵оŽʦҲʼʮ


883 һͿض
װħۣǾͱˣרɱһ׺Ͷװħۣ٣ʤڰȫ
˰ʮߣҲ˶ˡ
ϾħɲǳصģʵǿĺߣûĴɱɱ
һԺ¾Ѫ£ɱķ
ưħҪĲǰħħˡħܣħ̺ħܣΪġ
ԣΪ˸õưħҪ㹻ħˡ
¾Ѫ֣
һʱ䣬Ծͻʮöħˣħˣһ׺Ͷħֻ
ҲûȥĻ֣ɱħҪ
ֻʱϾޣܿʱѾ쵽ˡ
Ѱ¾Ѫ֪ħ˵࣬Ծˡ
¾Ѫռ䡣
ৣ
Կʼظϡ
ͻƾŽʦͻף־ȴͣĽףճԵƲ⣬ԼҪͻʦĻ²ס
Ϊ֮ƣǾѽ־ͻƵס
һͻʦҲͼˡ
һͻʦܣԳ׽־ʣڳʦ׶ΣǾˮܹ׾ٵʦ
ҲΪʲô˵ھŽʦĻԽʵɾ͸߽ʦܾԽס
Ϊһ׵ʦ׶ΣܹԼʱ䡣
һ˵ŽʦʵΣһ׵ʦʱ
򵥵˵ͨŽʦͻʦҪʦѶǿ߾Žʦʮϣ֮ǿ߾ŽʦͻʦʦҪԼʮʱ䡣
ǲ࣡
ɴ˿ɼŽʦҪԡ
У־֮ء
ԣ󲿷־ŽʦϣܹﵽߵεľŽʦʵ޷ѡͻʦ
һ㣬Ϊ
ʶҪ׽־ʣɾʦܡ
ҲǷϻö˵Ľ顣
ԣ
ȻһȴӶ飬ϯ
ޣ
Ŀֻһƥƿնγأ糤졣
Ƕ޴ڷĿ罣ԣ˫Ľ־ԵϢС
ȫ벻㡣޻ƣϼ䣬ˣ̩Ȼͷ·һϵıҪɱؼһУ˵ͬʯԽǳ
ԣһսɣͦΣ罣㲻ۣĿƵĶųԵ

δ䣬ͷϿյͷХųͷҪɡ
ڳԵҲʾХ£ȫ޵С
Ʋ
ԳԵ֮ˣǿ϶޵ȫӡ
޵̷ŭ·޲̽ԵԵ
ȻҪսҾͳȫ㣬Ȼܸҡһƽ޷Զ̩Ȼв֮˸ݣһǿ֮ڳչֳ
ͻƾŽʦΣҶȻҪ㡣߳ŭĿ¶˵
ৡһ¡
˵գһӣ羪Կգݺ򳽻ԡ
սﵽǿߣ־ͻĽ׺󣬶ı޵еƣ콾Ҳһսξ峽ԣ
ս
˵ͽս߹ɵ۷壬Ҫһսԡ
ಣ
һս޿ɱ⣬ԳԴ齣
һ
𽣺齣ײһ𣬽䣬̻һ貶Ŀ
ն
η壬սڣͬսʿԼϡ
ʵﵽǿߺΨһԸǺͳһս
ڣڿʵˡ
ֻ鷢ͻƾŽʦսǿ˲ֹʮǿߣҪס
Ƕ޵Ľᡣ
һҪܳԣȡýһ˵ĳƺš
ƽɳ磡
һȥ
ɱԻƣ
޳ͬһĹԣӡӡԣɱʩչױȣƺƴ󣬾ͺ＾٣ҰҶʵۡ
Ȼɾǿߺ󣬶޶֮ǿ˲٣ƿأҲ¯࣬⶯ǵǷ켫
ǳͻƾŽʦԲһ֮С
ǿߵʵ
ͻƾŽʦ涼ǿʷ棬ѾƷϽױס
ڽƿأ־룬Ŀƣǿ졣
ڣܹٵʩչ۷Ľ
ǲ࣡
ͻƾŽʦĳԣֱ̥ǡ
ֻԶޣɲҴ⡣
һУΪ޳ɾǿߣսǿ֮Ժͷ
ĺޣֺģǶԳԵĺޣֻͨġޡҲ̫⣬֡ޡȴ붫޵һһʽ֮УһԼ¶ûв
ޣ
֮һÿһ˶еС
ڶ޺ͳԵĽ֮У޶ԳԲ˲ɶֹĺޡ
ֺޣģĹ裬ڲ֪֮䣬Ľ־
һһһʽ˺޵УܹӰֵУڶԾԵʱܹԸо޵ĺ޴ﵽһ㣬ú޵ǿܹӰ쳽ԵС
ΣԻǵһ
ԣԾδռϷ硣
ˣ޹Ц˵ԣԭΪͻƾŽʦʵжǿڿҲˣ˰
ɱ
һ޽ָ죬֮ͽ


884 İܶ
ৡһ¡
շ·৳˵ɫһڳԵͷ
Уһɼĺޣ
հν
ԶһԲ˿⣬ʩչɱнֻ
꣡
һ죬ֻǾ޴ɫն˽ϣ˲߽⡣
¡
һ𶯣ֻ˱֮ͬһ򳽻ԣ֮䣬ʱһ֮֡
һ䶯Ұߡ
Բʮ֮ڣҾľɣһɳʯĳ档
治
һԱȼճ棬֮ͬ䣬ͷа
齣ȼջ棬ɨͬһŻƣһѡ
ལ⣡
һ֣Ծû֣Ҫնȥ޵Ĺ
ڽ־ϣԲռƣϣȴռݿµ硣
ս
ǳԶԸ޵Ĳԡ
ߡ
һȻѾ˳Եսԡ
δ£η
һҹ磡
𽣺ɨὭһɺ˼Ӱ쳽Ե־С
ЦһԶ˳Եӡ
ԣ˭ҲȲ㡣޶ݺݵ
ৣ
ֻһƬƽ·δţ罣⼤ҷ貹⻡Ѷͬһ¡
Ľ׽־
ˡһ
˲ȥɨ˷
׽⣡
⣡
ལ⣡
Խ⼸˲ʩչʱ׻ۣܲ׹ҫ־Իѡ
أأأ
ÿһֽ£ռһ𣬶Ҳһȥ
ɶ񣡡
޷ŭѣҰû뵽ԼɾǿߣȻҲѹƣֱǲˡ
Լ˭
ڵŽޣעҪɾ͸߽ʦܵĴڣ񣬸ҪΪһһͣ

ܳԣ
ڶͷͬһ㣬ڴˮĹ£ɶֹ
ͬʱһɺҲǲ
ɱ
ڷ裬ħŽƥС
ɱ޼
һǣĿ죬гսʿһȥ־
һն
һ䣬ϢڶдݿĻһУȣս壬ӳɽ̺֮ͽںϳΪһס
䣡
һûзֺ
ɴڡ
ֱֻվ˫Ŀ⣬ޱȣ·Զһ㡣
ʢ˥ʱ
齣ն£κ졣
һ˲һɼʢ˥ʼãһ¾ʢ˥ʱ
·𶫷һ±ǿ޵Уһ¾ͱС
ĺڳǰ𲻵κãĽ׽־ƽܴ졣

ڳǿ£ŤȫĦнëˮһʹ۴С
֮
һҧȻԣ֮Եľ硣
Ѿ׼
֮
ͷͨͷйͬ޵һ㣬ķɭȻơ
ۣ
һĹɢ
ءһ
޴һ˳ȥ򳽻ԣоǲʡ
Ԫ
ȻѾɱȻöѳȥ
¡
վһֽռ併£ɽһѹڶϣ֫ҧĿ죬ĿɭȻЩŵҪɱң
ԣԲ
ৣ
ϳһۣ罣ƽޡ
ɱңһ˿˻ңڽڡ
ʲôʱ򶫷Ҳϻˣ˵
հν
ལ⣡
ռ䣡
ɫ飬ĿʵʽȫԶռ䣬齣죬ٻ֮ڶͷȫ
һ˲䣬ʩչɱУնɱޡ
޷
޼ɿս
ͷޱˮһսҲҪ³ԡ
һɣ
ĿҸȼһذ˷Ľƣ⣬һ㣬ζ
һ޷ݡ
һ貶Ŀͬعⷵա
һǷ켫
һ
͡
һ£ķռ䣬̴һ֮ܵ·ںһ㡣
أ
Ϲ϶춯صı졣
أ
Ա˳ȥ
ۣ޵һѪ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
һȻҲˡ
۳ȴްⶼΪռƵԵʡ
ʣ
齣ţٻޡ
ֻˤڵϣɫҰףͬ£ϢҲ˼㡣
ԣҪɱңųȫġ
ৣ
ûκεҪɱޣһնɱ
޴ۿ޷Ŵ貵һȫжԳԳ޾ˮ޷ϴԳԵĺ⡣
Ҫţ
ڶΪԼ֮ʣһȻ̾ͽһԲԶ𣬡顱һɳȥ
ֻӢƷǷͦޱȡ
Ԫ棡
ԺͶ޶û뵽Ԫ澹Ȼ
һڣԪ棡
ǿߣ콾֮һ
ʵ


885 ս콾
־ң̺
ৣ
Ԫ浭ȻһЦ䵽ߣһѽޱޣҲ̫û˰ɣһԸˣ
ּЦˣ⳽ѾͻƾŽʦʵǿޱȣֲҪӡĿһ˿ŭԪɲܹǵģҪԷ£ֻǿЦ
Ŷԭˡ
ԪɫĿ˳һۣǹһ˿΢Ц˵ԪУһ˵꣬ĿǳԵǿޱȣܹ⡣
𣡡
˵צ·ҪɶԷ
۶޵ȴ˥ޱȣܵش
ԪͻȻֵĻѾɱռˡ
ΪԷŭޱȣԪ棬˵ǺãҲ뿴콾ʵжǿ
ҾҪȡСԪ沪Ȼŭ
ʲôˣ
һܳĳϣǿеĸ콾ݣǿнʦܵĴڣǳԿ裿
ԣԪһӾͶɱ
ߣȡҵ;ܳ֡˵Ҫ뵱ӣƷ
Ԫ棬ˣϵ£û˾ȵ㡣Ԫ˵Сӣɣ˵գֻһָָϬ罣ռ䣬û˿졣
ָޣ
Ԫһָޡ
֪ǧȭƴĵΪҲ
Ҳʮָ֮һ
ָҲǷǳ
һ㣬һǱͿԣûмָޣͿԿˡ
ָߣʮ
гɵĽޱ⡣
ҲΪˣԪܹ콾֮һ
ʵԽһǿߣǳ¡
Բδ£˷ܡ
źͶһսѾ֤ʵȶ޵ǿһЩжȴǲ֪ǿԺԪλ콾һսԼʵ
ʣ
ƥսӳϼȫ뷢ķ飬߽⣬쳹߿ƣ·ԴƶĤĽ
һ˲䣬Ծͷ·ͳҪһս¡
飡
һ̤涼𶯣ɳֲǳ
޿һУɫҰףˣֵܹ˿ֲĹ
ৣ
û˿ԥסƣ˳ȥ
ߣ
ˣԪ治мĿ˶һۣĿ罣һ㿴ųԣһ
ۣ
Ǿ콣˲߽⣬Ȼֹ
Сǰʩչֱǲ֪ԪĿư£ӵŽɽƣԿУг˴̶ĲмĿȴһȻǰӳԡ
ԪڼŭԣѰҳԵһٴ
ԵĿεȶһ۾Ϳ͸ԪĴ㣬ǹһ˿м
ɶ񣡡
Ԫжŭһ⻡˸һ˺Ѷ򳽻ԣžҪԷָ롣
հν
һӳ̤߳ƿǣƥһָâ
Ȼ˵Ԫ棬ó汾콾֮Ҳ̫ˡ
Ը
Ԫһ˿ɱ⣬һ֮⣬ټ
ৣ
ʧ˲䣬Ծһ
һ
һָϡ
ԵʶǿԶԪ滹ҪһѾ׽Ĺ켣նĹʧȥá
ռ䣡
ûκԥʩչгԴĻ٣䣬ϿڱֵĻԻͣʬ顢ﲻҪӿצԪ档
гԴȻӣԪûá
öɫռһ֣Ԫڲм˵ռ䣡
ˣ
ֻʳָһԲãһһǻ
ۡ
һָ£ûռС
ۡһ
ռֽͬɵһ㣬߽⿪Ҳ羵Ӱһһ顣
ءһ
౻ǵ˳ȥ
Сӣ㻹֪Ԫ˹֮ɣԪЦޱȣڶԳԲм˵ǰҲҶֱ·û˾ȵ㡣
ݣ
Ц꣬Ԫһָ̺˹֮һкڰͺڰ
ȷʵһû뵽Ԫ澹Ȼ˹֮
֮
ڰڰƺڰ
Դںڰһ֣ǡñԪĹ֮ƣ޹ֺš
ˣҲɫһԴǵһʧЧʵƲѡ
治
̺֮֮ۻ治ȫȼգͬ齣Юһ
顱һ
ָϣʱҫϿգ⻪ҫ۵˼㡣
ôԪɫ䣬ȻܹܶޣôһָʹܳԣʵδҲ̫˰ɣ
ԣûκ⡣
ৣ
ȫ貣һգҫķ
ֻһԪ黯·٣һ
ӰУ
һֻԪ黯֮䡣
ʲô
ˣɫһ䣬Ȼ޷оԪĴڡ
ݣ
Ȼһ죬亹ҪתѾˡ
͡һ
Զܵÿ죬ָ죬ɴ飬һƤⶼƿһѪʹĳ졣
ɶ񣡡ԼԦ磬ƶһطͿԪԹˡ
Ȼ͹Ԫʵ


886 նɱԪ
ۡһ
һָӳԼͷһѪ
ԣվڡԶ޸տʼɲϾԵʵ̫ǿˣһӾˣʱ͵ޱȵЦģޱȣѾԱԪɱһ㡣
С˵־
ڶޣҲͣһط
ܣһҵԶݺݵ
κѧͨԿɲԪû©
ϧûз֣һá
Ǹ콾ʵ𣿡ƶüͷʼоԼ߹Լʵ͹˸콾ǿȻܹ½һӱλΪ콾磬ôԼӦǵʵӦ˼򵥡
Ԫ治Ǹ콾
ȻԪǳԵĶ֣òԷ
ΣܹȺѹˣв֮
ԪҲ⡣
ԲǷʧܡ
䣬Ҳǳˡ
ս
һսף
м˼ѰԪ
Ԫ治Ǹ콾ѧͨգֱʹó޴ӿ͸
ۣ
һԾ⵽ָ⣬飬Ѫ
ԶĶľ˷ܣ޲óֱԪϡ
Ķ֣Ҳ
ɶ񣡡
Щܻû뵽ԼͻƾŽʦսﵽǿߣȻԪ棬޷
ȻһЦٶô
Ԫ
һ䣬Ľ׽־ʺ;ŽʦԪںϡ
¡
һӣһʮĽռγɡ
Ŀ磬ɨܡ
׽ˣ
ռ֣ԪĹҲܵӰ죬ָռ䣬̷֮Բ׽һ˿ۼ
񽣣
ڵʯ֮䣬ʩչ˾񽣡
ݡһ
ָϣʱֻһӰȻԪ档
һ
ȻǱУֻԪٶ̫죬ǿռԵľ񽣣Ҳ޷˵
ռԽ
ԪһĿĶų˵ȻӣҲ͵ΪֹˣҾ㿴ǿߺ͸콾֮Ĳܹ࣬Υġ˵꣬ͺһʳָǣʱ֮
ָֻ⣬ܼþͬһ㼤ȫλԡ
͡
ָڽռ䣬֮
ྫ֮
Ԫ飬Ҳûпɱ⣬۾ɱԪ档
أ
һԪ澫
֮ô˲ҡԪЦ
ȻЦ˲̣ʱҽһһѪ
̫ˣ
Լ˴ϲ֮һھŵƣ˷ʤ
֪ԪȻѾ϶Իֵܹ֮ᷢû뵽Ծ֮ԣǲ࣬Է࣬˰
Ԫ澫ܵشʵӰ졣
ֻˡ
ʲô
Զ޼˴ʧɫһתѸܡ
ޣնɱԪޣֻһج˻
Ȼ޾ͷ·ûһ㣬ͷҲص뿪
ɶ񣬶ޣҪɱ㡣Ԫŭ죬޲ɱޣĿĿųԣ˵Ҵˣھʱ򡣡
ôԺЦ˵
ߣͷ㻹Цҿǲ֪Ԫ˵
¾ѪɱĿ䣬һӣӡֱӴ
ৡһ¡
ֻһħϯһħħǿᣬ޿ƥУȻ¾Ѫ
нװħۣԪɫ䣬ʧħȻͶħ塭
һֻ¾Ѫֶ£ֱӽԪᡣ
ԣҪɱҡԪ溦ˣ˻ߵĽе
Ҫ־͹̫޳ˡĵ
񽣣
齣ӳлӳһţ͡һüġ
أ
ԪϢȫޣ˵ϡ

һ˲䣬ͷϿյХһھͽԪɡ
ˡһ
ֻԵʱǣɳͨƽӲӣͷ·ƽɵһ㡣
һ̣Ծ͸о̩ͨģͷ·Ȫһ㣬ˡ
оԼ·ӽԴһֶϤĸо
֪Ⱦ
ָо
ܺáĵͷӡ¾ѪҲռ䣬Ͼʱ쵽ˡ
ʱѾܹϵԪĻȻ
ʵȷʵˡ
磬ϹžϿգ
Ԫ棬壡
Ȼһ˲䣬ԪһӰ
λʦֱʧĲ˼飬ԼһĻ
˻
˿һĻʱǵһŵûһ
Ԫˣ
˶ţԪǰ֣һֶ˵
һ˶ܲˡ
֮
Ԫˣ찡콾֮һԪˣ
ⲻܣܣԪǸ콾ôأ
ǰֱ˲ţԪôǿ󣬲ܻ
ÿһ𺳳š
ʵϣԪȷʵѾˡ
˭ɱԪ棿һλʦŭ
˭ɱҪۡһλʦ
˶֪ˡ
Ԫ棬ĳϣ콾ǰ;ֻҪζ嶤ĸ߽ʦܡ
Ȼȴˡ
һУڸԪشϣĵ˵ֱ޷ܡ


887 ˵

ڴʱƽ˵˱ƽ֮£æҪμǱǾҪܱɱ׼Ҳ콾
ɣԪ棬ҵŵ콾һʦܼ
ڸϷ˵𣿡ɫһ䣬Ŀ˴ϡ
ۡǵʦܶʱһѪһӾѹ̧ͷϣǼɵ
ֻһΣ˵ڴдɱޱ
ǣ
˲ǲߣǸʦܣ⻰Υ
ǵʦܸһ亹ڲ
ǰ¡æְݵ
ϵĿһۣû˵תۿ
˼˿½һţȴǲϣǴǲǱ½

ڴʱϿգڳԵһӷһƲ
ֻԪ˲䰵Եɡ
¡
ֻԵĴڼ޼˵ƥɢֱӽ޼˵壬ɳԵУ޼ɡ粻ֶͷ˵ȴֻ·
ƽľ汻ƣԵϣٴء
ʲô
˼˶ʱɫ䣬ųԵš
˻
˶һһۣ˱˴е𾪡
ԪԵɣǾζšǱɱģ
ôܣ
˸оԲˡ
һ˽ʦôɱԪλ콾
ͻƾŽʦҲܰ
ǣʵǰɲ˲š
ԪǱɱģôܡ
ǰһǼٵģٵģ
ԲܣԪεôڳԵϣ
˶ܲˣ콾עҪɾ͸߽ʦܵĴڣԪ棬ڳϣ
۳ǰ˽ʦΪǾŽʦҲɱԪ档
ֱǻ֮
һʦܿ٣϶ӿ˲˼ɫ
ţ
ġ
׷ʲôˣԪᱻһ˽ʦɱ
ǰһ֮ԲԪĶ֣Ρ
ԪԲ򵥡
һЩıԶǣߵʦܶڰв²⣬ǴǵԴҲ벻¾ѪԪ棬ԳɱģϾ˭벻һװħΪ֡
һ㣬϶ɻ
һۣǲ⡣
ĪԪǱɱģϾɲ
ⲻܣСͻƾŽʦʵǿߣҲɱԪʵ˵
Ǵ˵˵ô£ʵ
֣֡˵飬ǳĬ
ˣϺһֻۣеȳԳٿˡ
ԣ
λʦܶһɱųԵ֣ɱٲȻ
Ԫ治ǲǱɱģ㶼
ӱ
һ˲䣬λʦܶԳ˱ɱ֮ġ
Բ¡
̫Ϻ߳־ϲ˵ͬʱҲΪǡ
̫ˣԵѾռݵһλˣֻǲ֪Ԫǲϣ̫߳˷˵
ⲻܣǰ˽ʦԪǱǿ߻Ҫĸ콾㳽ͻƾŽʦҲɱ̫϶Ȼ˵ɲ԰Ǳɱġ
ԪԵɣô̫ͣ߳ϳ˵
⡭̫Զʱ磬죬˵ⲻܰɣ
ȻҲ̫ˣһԤУҲ̫߳ü˵
ԣ̫ȻƢ𱬣Ҳ֪أɫһ䣬æ²Ҫۣ򲻽ԣҲڴΣա
˵ǣǵȳԳ˵ɡ̫߳ϵ
һԣѾ𾪵Ըӣ
ɱԪ棡
Ѿ𾪶ˡ
˲䣬Ŷ
ˡ
ʱϹžϿգɢһɹϵĿռ䲨ƣֻһնϷ
ʱ䵽ˡ
̿ն
λʦſնҪԵӰ
ৣৣৣ
һ˲䣬һһӰӳ޵оŽʦǿߵʵЩ޾ŽʦϹſռ䣬ֻмٲֱס󲿷ֶѾħɱˡ
һ⣬ϵʱһ𾪡
ԼȻ˵ͣ
ԾȻڼ޼ɵϷڵһλ
֪Ԫ󣬶𺧡
ৣ
ʱ粻ӿնгЦҷ粻ˣǵڼλ
ʱЦȻֱֹʧⲻܣ
һλԣ
ڶλ޼ɣ
λǣ
λֶ
λŷѩ
λ粻
ԼȻŵǳԾȻһ
粻Ͳţ䳰ȷⲻܣӳԣȻһ˷粻ŵôܣһǼٵġ
ڳԣʵʵڵƲ
һ˽ʦѣǴ޵еˣҲһ
ףôûԪ֣Ȼ粻¶֮ɫΪȻûϷԪ֣˳¿
ڣԪ֡
粻˲ʧȻʲô塣
Ԫˣ
ⲻܣԪôأ粻
˵Ŀۼ˷粻ϣǳĬ

ȫֻʣ·粻
˲䣬粻ģԪˡ
Ǳ˭ɱģ˭ܹɱ粻뵽˺ܶ࣬ԪǸ콾Լͼ޼ɵ˵ʵ޼ҪֳǿͲܣɱˣѵǱħɱģ


888 ޵ı
֮УɱԪ˴ڣǾֻһܣǱħɱ
ɶİħ壡粻Ϊǣһߵ
ɾʱһһڲǰС˵糤ϣԪǱɱġ
ʲôⲻܣ˵ѡ粻ֱŭԣһѣܹɱԪ棿
㿴֪ˡָϿ˵
Եݷ粻޼ɡֶǵĴ콾֮ϣױȣͷ·һ㡣
⡭ôܣ粻˲ʧͰ͵˵ⲻܣ
ʵˣԪǱɱģ˵ز˵
ͬʱһ߳Щ޵оŽʦǿ߼ˣǼʧ
ֶǡŷѩŮˡ
˽ЩϢ󣬶𾪵˵
ʲôֶԭԿУǷǶԳע⣬ÿһۣȴʵԾˣɱԪ棬һκ˶İôܣֻϿյ֣֪һҲġ
ǣעԭ𣿡ֶ߹󷽵ķ˵
ҲɡҲʮֳԾҲųʵһȴʵҲ̫˰ɣ
ֶһЦһ۳Ե֣ͻصλȥˡ
ԣɱԪ棬ɻҷǳϵˣʵɲУʸˡһ˫峺ӰĶཿС̣ת
ŷѩѩһ߳ע⵽յأ֮һк󣬳ԾԴɱԪ棬ôܣѵͻ˾Žʦ
һ£ֻԪǵžӢѾյΪһѡˣڱɱſ²ưոݡ÷Ծ˵
ߣˡּ֧޼ɵʦ˵
Դ绹û𣿡ŷѩնЩǵ
ಣಣಣ
½½߳еĸˣеľɥе˷ܽӡ
˵ģȻʮ񣬾ɥȻûɣ̭
ֻ˹עĲǣǳԡ
޼߳ҲֻǴһۣͰˡ
ô£
ԭ޼˸߲ң˼һٷ֣ѾڶһΪ֮Լ֣ûеķںͻɻ󲻽⣬Щŭ
ʱţߣ˵ףףô֮ϣҶٵĻ֣
ʵü޼ɽܲˣԼһٻֶ࣬ģѾԼһˣû뵽ȫԤϡ
Լֻǵڶǧ϶
ߣΪǣưԴļ޼˵ζܲˡ
ɶ񣡡
޼߲ѣɫġ
ȻܽܵǡԪˣ
޼ɲǱûϷԪ֣·֪
͸ܲˡ
Ԫô
ǿ߶ûΪ콾Ԫ棬Ȼˣ
ֱЦ
Ϲſռڣǿİħ岻װħۣǿߴڣЩʵǿװħۣԪ޷ɱʵеģɾȻûӳˣ
ô
ѵϹſռڴĽװħۣ
ⲻܡ
޼ֿ֪ܾûУǾֻһֿܣԪΪɱġ
˭
޼̧ͷͼơ
ԣ
ԲܣԪôᱻɱ
ڳԵȴ˵֮ϣ޼ɱ˵ֻгòˡ
ǰħɱԪ棬ԲᱻԵɡ
ԣԪֻǱɱŻˡ
ԣ޼ɫоԼһЦһֱԼƲ𣬿ϵĳԣȻɱԼԪ棿
仰˵ҲɱԼʵ
ô
޼޷ܣ¶һĨ
Ա
޼ɱ⣬Ҫɱԡ
ңҲע⵽ڵڣһȥ֮⣬˶ʮ֣Ҳ˵ڵڶУˣ˹أ½֮УǾ޽еġ
һ˹أ
Ψһҡ
һ㣬ŵĶʼ֮ġ
ȫⲻڴˣݣӵĪˡ
һ㣬Ŷ֣˲ѡ
Ҳݲûȥ
ৣ
ڴʱ塢Խ˴ӿն˳˵ע⡣
쿴Ǿˣ찡ĸĸʮĻ֣һĳԣ˽
˼飬ھȻ˹أǱֱǲ󡣡
ǰҲͰˣӵǿʵʵӦãǷԽˣֻǼ޾ŽʦȻҲˣֱ벻ͨ
ҿǳ԰ǣôܻʮ֣
󲿷˶˿۷׷ףһЩ̭߶Ľѡ
λ̫ϳϡ
Ŀ֮£̫Ϻ߳ǰ
ͺá̫߳ϼ
ǶǺġ̫˷ܵˣ˽Ҳġ
̫ϣЩǳԵĹͣɱħġм˵
ǰһжǳֵĹ͡˶ͷ˵
ȻѾͻƾŽʦˡ̫߳ο
ǵġԵʵǿҶǶ֡


889 Һܵ
Ȼˡ̫Ϻ߳ͫ΢ͷ˵
ϧˡԽ̾
Ѿ֪ˣֲǡ̫߳ϰο
ôûг̫üʵ
Ҳ֪ɻֺ󣬾ͺǷֿˡһ˵һ߿񵥣ʱԾȻǵһ
ģ˾Ǿ
ǿ֪ɱԪ棿̫߳Сʵ
ʲô
˶һһãȻʵԪˣ
̫߳ϵͷ˵ڶ˵Ǳɱġ
ôܣ˼ʧ
ԪԵˡ̫߳ϵ
ʲôٴʧǲţǿϿյͼʱĿɿڴһľⲻܣ
Ҳ֪̫߳̾
ѵǳָɵģü˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ԣ˶һݡ
ɱԪ棬Ǵ°
ԪȻˡʱֻ޹һ˴ӿն˳񵥣ɫֻ΢һ˿仯Ԫ˵ʱ͸о鲻Ȼ֪ԪʵǷԼֱһߡ
ڿԼȼ֮
뵽ˣҲѣҺԼߣ򳽻ԹԼһɱˡ
һ㣬û˿ĻɣԪ棬Զɱοޣ
УԳԵļɵ˼֡
ֻǶ޶ԳԵĺޣˡ
ɶ⳽ԼֱһУԲһҪɱԼĿ˸ɫ任̧ͷ޼ɺͷ粻ˣ۾ٿȻһ
ˡ
һЦ˵ԣʵ̫ˣΪ˱͹ֲĺˡ
˵꣬޼ɡ
޼֣޺Ц˵
ޣߣ鲻ãʶľ͹һȥ޼Ƴ˼޼һۣ˵
ɶ񣬼޼ɣһ죬Ҫɱ㣬ҪסԸԣ㡣ͷŭɱȻȴûֳƽ˵޼ɣ֪ԪǱ˭ɱġ
ߣ㲻˵ǳ԰ɣ޼˵
޵ͷ˵ۿɱԪ档
ʲôۿ޼ʧ
һжģȷȷʵʵǳɱԪ棬Ӧ֪һʦþ񹥻Ԫ꣬Ȼɱһ϶˵λʦϿһۡ
ţ⻰Ѿˡ
Ȼ޼ɺ˵
ǵģͻƾŽʦսǿߡ޵޼ɣҲˣ⳽Եвʵ̫ˣǵΪԪ涼ɱ˵㶼ɱ
Ҫɱң޼ɫһмɱңҾͰɱˣһ
޼ɣŷѩŮѣ֪ǶںܾǰһˣŷѩǾ֮尡֪޼ɶŷѩľ֮ռ֮Ѿã˵ռ޼ɡ
ŷѩԣ޼ɫɭȻòŶ˵ܺãޣ֪ͳԵìܣҳֶԸԣҴӦˣֻһԸ
Ȼз粻Ծϲѣȴƽ˵ֶԸԣǾͿˡ
ڳԣʼվеаš
š޼ɵͷ˵粻ȥ˵һҪɱ
ԣ޴ϲͷЦԣˡ
ǳСɱԪ棿ŶϿһ۶ޣǺ˳ԣҪɱ
޵ĻҲ
ʵɻʵ
ɵģδҲֲ̫˰ɣϾ
ΣӶĵһˡоâ˸
һ⻰Ϻ϶ʮͬ
ৣ
ڴʱһâԿն
Գˣ
̣˾ٶվ
Ѿ֪ˡһ䵽˳ϣɫƽֱͦһ˫۾罣вĥľ˵Ŀ£̩Ȼߵ̫Ϻ߳ϸǰλ̫ϳϡ
á̫Ϻ߳϶ʮּһп
Դ硣ʱŷѩǰһϲ
û°ɣ԰ʵ
û£أŷѩգ۾˵Һܵ㡣
ԣͷһůҡҡͷ
ԣԪ泤ϣǲɱģͻȻֻλʦڵ߹ݺݵĿųԣʵ
ԣвԱУԪӦáһƽ
˻
˻һ˶ǵһû뵽Եλ̫ϳϣ˵ûһ˿⡣
һ˶ԳԸ߿һۡ
޵Сŷ˶û뵽ͻƾŽʦʵǿԭս˼ûˡ
ã޼ˣ̾һޱȣڴŶֱɱԡ
޼ɺͷ粻˶ЦųԲ
øвԱУӦãȻˣҲӦñϷɱŴܲȻŭ䣬һץ򳽻ԡ
վȡ㹷ΪԪ汨𡣡һŴ

˼˻Ȼû뵽ŶϾֱӶ֣Ҫɱԡ
Ǹң
̫Ϻ߳ϴŭǰ
ǷϷ֮𣿡ڴʱһӴһǵŴܶ˵ǰ
ۣ
Ȼ˵꣬˾ͱһ⻡룬Ѫһء

ֻƮȻһ֣Ѫ˲ɢ˵ʬͲټһжƽһˡ


890 Եĵ
һŴִܾУˣкǰ
סκ˵ڲ֣֮³ޱ
˻
ԣ̫ϳϣµߣǵһϹİԵǿӲ˼㣬һλ̫ϳϣ˵ɱɱˣֱǿᡣ
Ҫǣûһվ˵
һ˲䣬˶Բһµʶ
֮Ҳ½֮
ˣɫһ䣬аѲ˸飬ɫȴû¶ֺ
޼˳һۣһֲ˵
ԭĳԵŷѩҲٳڲ֮ûΣյġ
һ㣬Ҳס
ֻҪԼڲ֮ǰ֮ûиҶˡ
лǰԹְݵ
Ͽ˳һۣתصʯϣʲô
ˣ˶˵ˡ
ǱǿڣоŽʦĴڣݣһһ̫ϳȴϼɱ·ӬһںԸˣҲһɣԼֵĻҲҪϵĨɱ
λ̫ϳϺ޺޵Ŀ˳һۣͷλϡ
֪һԼ͵ǲˡ
̫Ϻ߳ϼˣж¶һ˿ǡ
Ҳ֪ϲ֣ƴҲҪסԣûкڡ

һֻվ˵ڣϷǱڶڽٰʮˣһʮİʮжʮ񣬽

ϻ£ߵ̷Х
Щ̭ߵһ׷ױᣬЩѾߵҲᣬ׷ûߵ
Ҳ˵ʮ˵ʮ˰񵥹Ϸ֡
һ˲䣬һƬХ
УԵõ޴ӳ֣ʮɣʱǣʮɴС
޼ɡ粻ֶͷ˵Ҳ˲ȴֻɳ޷ͳԵȣ˵͸Сˡ
˵ˣǷԽˡ
ǶʮУ޾ŽʦߣΪ޵оŽʦԼǿߡ
Щ̭ĲĽѡ
һŵ̫ϳϼ˶˼ҲԼҲӦŵĲŽһ໥
Ҳеѡ
ȻҪһԡ
ǿ
ǰȼ޼˵һ롣
԰ǷûУԵǿ˵˶ǿˡ
һΪֻԼоˣû뵽Ҳˡ
ݲ߶ʮĽۡ
һ㣬ȻҲݲˡ
ΪݲߵΪձ鲻ߣҲֻ޵оŽʦŻý
һŽʮˡ
ռܽĲʮ֮һ֮ĩ
ֻǣһǶܸоõ޵оŽʦˣȻݽߵǿһ㣬ӣϢǿ
Ƕϲѣ򳽻ԣим֮ɫ
ȻǲǱ֪ЩǳԴġ
һ̣ԳΪݲߵĺ
ݻϣ
ʦܣͲ߶
ˣ̫Ϻ߳϶˶˲ѡ
ˣǱڶ˽գʼҲһóݱǱ˵
ৣ
ϴһӣ֮ſ
˶û˵Ĭ˳ȥ
Ŷ̫Ϻ߳ϸǰ׷׵ء
Ŷ𾴳ԡ
ʱ򣬶ݲҲߵһ
ݼˣ˿ݲߣ룬Ҳδ
ݲٲߵǳԵͬʱּɵ
ϾɱԪǿˣ
޿Ҳҿһۣʦ뿪
ȻǺ³ԡ
Դˣɫ糣ȴڴлĻҪɱ
ŶԷҲָо
óЩǣ޵кŷ˶ǰףأ߿Ц֣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ǰ޵Ҳ֪̾ڵԼԲǳԵĶ֡
ҶѡԵĵ
ԣ˶ǿЦ
˳ԳĬܸܲ߶ࡣ
οҲûн͵˼ЩȥˣԿ֪޼ɶԼɱ⣬Ҳɵһ£޼ɵĶԼ֡
ⶼǳҪġ
ĿǰΪֹҪǿʵ
ԣϣ㲻Ҫʧʱ˫ķǴӳ߹ƮȻһ仰
ʲô˼ɻ󲻽⣬ҪԼȡɣ
ߡһԵŷѩˣһݺݵ˳һۣ˵⻰ʲô˼
Ҳ֪ԿЦ
ôŷѩһҲŵӵ
Уֻڻܸ㣬ΪԼҲҿ϶һ̹׵
ðɡŷѩͷʱŹԡ
һԣ˶ĽĿųԡ
ˣˣԼСġŷѩһ죬˵ȥ
󣬳ԵҲصס
һ죬ݸڸʦܶһ
ϵ˼
ܵ˵ǶʮΪϾھ˽ռ˶нߵ֮һ
ͬʱʮ˶ԳΪ쵼ߡ
ϵּһΪ˶ݣ
峿գ棬ֻǿһɳصϢ
֮ſ

ϸʯϣ̬Ȼһ
ݸڸʮ׼
ϷǱݡޱ飬ܣبŲԾ·һУΪϰ볡°볡ϰ볡ǣǶʮ˽ϹžУлսֻʮˡ


891 һս
סⳡսȻҲѡͶ䣬ҲζŰʸ񡣡Ϲž޲Ȼ°볡µʮˣΪС飬еԵıԣսһ˳ΪСʤߣ˶Ծ
˵ӮǱͬʱҲݵǻ˳Ļᡣ˵
ãʮûһ˳
ܺá
ĵͷһӣûκ죬Ϲž̨ǹںһγһǧɴСƽ̨
˶ס˺û
̨
Ųϵһȣʮ˴ķ̨
ɱ
ɶɱң㻹˵㡣

˲䣬չɱ¾ѪһƬ
Ԫ
ûκε飬ֱӽɿռ䣬ʮǿ̴֣ˣɱ
ɽӣ
޼
Ԫɽ

ױ

˳⣬ʮɱ֣ɱС

һ̣һƬĲҽ
ǰƽɱ
û˿ͣͣԴ߹ȫʣĽ׽־ԪγǿĽռ䣬ǰƽͬһ֣ݺǰѹ
һ̣˶Žһ
ԳΪģΪȷ棬ɱȥ
һƬɱ¾
ױ
Ǭɱ
һɽ
Ϊˣʮ޵оŽʦԽ޾Žʦ֮ɱǰ赲
ֻݺᡢӰңȭ廨ţָĹһͬһɱ¾Ѫո
һƬҽǰ
䣡
ͶҪͶ
Ҫɱҡ
ǰҵ־塢֡㶼ݲߵϡ
һЩ䣬Զ˳Ϲž̨һЩľͱɱ
˻
棬ݸڸɵ̫ϳϣ̭ĲߣǵһϵľݣѾ޷ԴݣһЩ˳Ĳߣϵɱ¾һ֮ɫ
˶ˡ
ɶ񣬱˲˰
찡Ψһһ߶ɱˡ
һƬ쳹𺧲ѡ
֮ʿû뵽ݽеʮ˻ǳǹŹֵĽֱɱ񣬷ɱ𰡣
һǽռֻ֣׸ķݶ
ǿ֣߱ɱñˣֱӰ˳ӵ
̫ʮ˵Ĺںһǿ߶ֵˡ
һӣǱԵɱݲߺߣʮˣټɱ¾ʮʱ䣬ϰ˱̭
һսȻ˵ζ
ɱ
ûӰ쵽ԣһתгɲ౾Դռǰƽʷ֣¡ǰһ㡣
Ÿһΰ
ݵĲߣûзӦԵȻҪȡĳɼ
˶˷ޱȣ߹ɱǰ
άΣҪң
ˣԼæˣĽ׽־Ϊģඥãƽɱ¾ݲߡ

һƬҽ
ܶ˶£ߺ䡯
һʮˡ
˲䣬ǧɾֻ̨һʮˡ
ʲô
һ£µĲ߶ˡ
ɶ񣡡
ݵݲҲҪսˣһԸǡ
ԣ̫ˣлᡣ
ԲȺݵ˱ˡ
ɱǡ
ɱԺ壡
һ˲䣬ݲ߷׷׽ֻֻʱƴŶӣղŻڱ˴ɱ֣ûεԴȪǿ
ɱ
ۣһȴڳԺǣ£Žһ𣬻ɱݲߡ
һжΪݲƸۣ֪һˣݾûκϣˣֻŽһ
һУǶݸڸЭ˵ġ
ԭΪ쵼ֻû뵽ͻȻ𣬻ѡ
ã̫ˡ
ǰǽռ̫ˣȻǿ߶ҪܵӰ졣
һȷģǻϣ
ݸڸɵ̫ϳ϶˷ޱȣͷȥ˵ݻд˴°볡
ɶ񣬶Ѿ׼ˡ
ǰ޷ֹǣĥǹĲеġ
̫ƻˣǱϣȷʵܹãϧ֪̫ˣǰҲҲͲһˡ
ǻû䣬޼ɡ粻ǲóԵóѵġ
̫ϳʮѿûϵһС
̫ˡ
޵кŷ˶𾪲ѡ
ৣৣ
ֻŷѩͷǶӹ
ԣҰɡŷѩ˵
ҡգһȥЦ˵
ðɡԿŷѩһۣεͷ
ŷѩһȴûзԣվߡ
ߡû뵽Ҳһֱұߡ
˼˶һ㶡
ʲôҪˣ̴
ɱ
ԣ̷Ӧǰƽڿɲֵͣʱ
˷Ǻŷѩļ룬ʱǿƥ
ˣ޵кŷ˶ݱܷâ볽Ե˽档
ҲûйǶˡ
ʲô
һĻ޼ɡ粻Ͷ˶ɴ۾š
ɶɱ粻ֱŵӣ
ԣɱ˳ԡ޼˺󣬴֪ԼɱԣԣҪǧѷĻᣬϷ粻˵ɱԡ


892 ޼ɵķ
ԣˡ޶ݺݵĶųԣɱ䣬ٲȻһԶ˳Եģ˵οܡ
ɱǣ
ǰ
ɱ˳ԡ
һЩɱȻ׷ŭԡ
ɱ
粻ɱ֮ľӣᣬȻγʩչԼĶŽɱս
ৣৣৣৡ
֯ʱһʮֺۼĽſµƻ·ҪһС
һ£ռķѣ޵оŽʦֱӱĩѪɣѪȷǳ
ɱ
Ҳû֣ɱУҪɱԡ
ɨֻһƬƽâϯȥͬһǰ֮ըʬɣ˽и֮
ɶ񣬳ԣվʶһҼ޼澭֪νĽǰǲֵһᡣ޼ɼŷѩȻȥԣͷŭȼգŭ˼㣬ֱӾһĳ
澭ƣ
纣˳һ㣬һӼ޼Ͽճ𣬻һ޴ζ̫ͬշɳ췢޴Х򳽻ԡ
Сģ
˿ֲֶһóɫ䣬̴˦һ
ལ⣡
쳹ʣγأĥ
ֻǳԵ͹˼޼ɡ޺ͷ粻˵ǲལһֽɵһ
ˡһ
ᵶ·ǳ֮⣬ʮ˶嵴˳ȥ߰ڵϡ
ɱǡ缱ȷ棬ǰҪɱˡ
ס̶ԷǺŷѩ˵

ռ⻪
ŷѩͷǵͷ̵ֵ޵Ĺ
˳ɡ̶Է˵Ѿˣ죡
ԣҪСġ֪Լﲻæᱻۣǵͷͬ⡣
ԣҲû׷䡣
գۼ䣬ǾϹž̨
ɶ񣬴Ҷɱɱڣ޲ɱԣȴǲ˳ȥȻĶɱԡ
ɱ
һɱ
ˡ
Щ޵оŽʦһǿ߷׷

Կ˶һۣһЦ
ৣ
Ƥһæ˳ȥ

˳ȥ˲䣬Щ޵оŽʦ׷ײҽУڵϡ
ԭڸղţʩչ˲ྫֱ֮ӹǵľ硣
ɱ
û֣һĳֱӾͽʮɱ
Һûйҡ޼ɫһ䣬ַŭѣ⳽Լֱǿ˼㣬ôĹȻҷ֮ѵ˹ľ
룬޿û㡣
ΪۿԪǱԹ˾磬Ȼɱġ
Ȼûۿ޿Կ϶ԪһǱɱģŲ·
ɶŷѩɽˣôңԣ޼ɷŭ˼㣬ŷѩѪ۾˻
ҿûаԣֻԱѡŷѩѩЦʦ֣ǣЩȥɣҿһ£ʮ˻вʮˡ
ʲô
⻰һ޼ɫһ䣬粻˶ɫ䡣
룡޼ŭ
λɱǣȻһ𴳹ϰ볡Կһµ޵оŽʦߣȻǲǿ˵
ৣ
ԣⲿǿ߶ɫһ䣬ǲ޵оŽʦߡ
ʲô
ɶ񣬳ԲǵĵˣǲܶǶ֡
ɱ˳ԣ
Щ޵оŽʦģǱĵЩǿɱǣ׷׿£ųŭ
󵨣ǵĹϵ粻˵
⳽̫ɶˣɱɫڴ
Ǻǣǲ֣ǾǳְɡЦ
ԣǿѡʱ޵кŷ躬Цǰ˵
ҲǡĽҲǰ˵
ԣɲҪҶ֣˼ҺǿǺѡֶͬһֻĺЦ
ɶ񣬴һ֡޼ɱ޲ɱԡ
޼ɣҿ̫ˣֻǿߣ߿ֹǣԿ׳ƵĿż޼ɣЦҿԴeˡ
ɶ񣬳Сӣң޼ŭ
֡ԴһӣҪ

ʱȻһƬҽ
ֻǲǿͻȻ֣ɱЩ޵оŽʦ

Ȼһ
ֻ˵Ǳϰ볡ʮ˽°볡ԡ
ʲô
ԣ޼ɡ粻Ͷ˶ŭĿǲǿߡ
ˡԼ˹ЦŷѩԾ¾̨

޼˶Ƿŭ˼㣬ȴ޿κΡ
ɫк⣬ͷ˲ѣţһᣬԺͼ޼ɡ粻˾û˺ͽĿܣɱԵİա
뵽ˣǹһ˿Ц

ڴʱһХֻһЩ̭Ϸɳ볽ԡ޼ɵʮϡ
ˣˣˣ
ʮϵʱǣǿ˲١
һ·֮ӣĪˣü֮䶼͸©˳ΨҶʡ
Ǿͷ·һ㣬ӵִȨ
ԳԵǿﵽʮɳݣԵ룬ͷϿգƯԣ԰Ĺ󣬾Ͷ㡢Ŀת֮䶼һ־µİԵ磬޼ɵ˵˶Ҫѹơ
һ㣬ü޼ɵ˱жˡ


893 1
˶ɱ뷽跨Ҫɱԡ
ǰζûѰɱԣղŸü޼ɵ˴ʧ棬Ҫɱԣֻйھ̨϶ˡ
Ƕڵȴᣡ
ϧһηȻǱϵı˵ģԡ޼ɡ粻ֶͷ˷ֱ𱻷ֵС顣
һ˭ԿǱǰѡڳ֮ˡ
˶óԣԼ޼ɵĺߡ
¡¡
ǧƽ̨ʧϹž̨֣룬ÿһаɴС֡
飬С顣
ˣǿߣ޵ǿߡ
ЩǣذεȻҲ顣
һЦذεУɳս⡣
ǾŽʦΪһⶼǿߣܹͼ޼ɵĴڡ
ΪΨһ֮һˣֵ飬뻨ֶһ顣
ʿ٣ȫʱһӾ
½̫ϳϺ̭߶עС顣
һС飺ֶԭ£
ڶС飺ɱĽǣ
С飺ɽˮںδݣ
С飺ƶ԰Խʯ
С飺ڳ϶ǹŷ
ͬһʱڣ̨ߡ
һǿߡ
ɵĽС
С飬δݴĽƽ̨
óЩźǣϰ˷ϣǿߣȻڣҲĶ֡
ڵڶСĽȴδܴﵽǿߣǡ
С飬ÿʮˣԵĽȷǳ죬ÿһԾǾ֣ۻң֪ۿһĶԾ
ƽڵС£ۿ̨ϵĶԾ
ֱƴóԻ˰ǵʦսζʮˣ˭ܰ󣬾ͽо
ǿߣž߱ʸ
Ծݱ
ޱֵ飬Ȼܸ˳ԣʵȴӹɣǽ˺ζʩչܹߵ־Ӱ죬ֻҪ־޷ֵĽ
Ҳһ֣ãǿǿߣܡ
ʿȻʮįˣһˣֻпԵˡ
ڳԣЩԹˣִϣܹȥ
ȻɱԪ棬˵и콾ʵϾûۿǶЩɡ
ֻǣ񳽻Ψһϣ
֣ͽˡӾ̨Ŀ⿴򳽻ԣ˵
Ϊ֮ƽ˵
̫Ϻ߳ԳԴϣ֮ɫǵϣ˳ϡ
ͣ
˶򳽻ԣĿг˹
ڶ飬ŷѩ̨ˡ
ĶһǿߣУһλĿ࣬Ŀǻ֫ǿߡ
սĺƥ
ֻǣŷѩľ֮˵Ҳᱻнʦ÷˿Уʩ̣ڶ̶ʱɾǿ߾Žʦ
ͨǾ֮֮УƷߵĴڡ
֮еߡ
˻սʥ
˵У
ɱȭ
еȭʮ־ףưԵɽӣƴ졣
Ȼŷѩľ֮ȴһ


ɭޣ
ҵıƴŷѩʤ
ͬʱĻֶ̨ˡ
ѩǧѰ
һ£ֱǹ罣룬¶һɷѩζ
ͬʱֺȴɢһɿɶص
ɣǧѰҲһλǿߡ
ֻǻֶΪ콾ȴǲʩչͨ

ڤ
Х
ǧѰ˿ûΪֶǸ콾㣬ƷʩչѸսһ
ͬһʱ䣬粻̨ˡ
ڵǬݣս߳޵оŽʦһ֮УΨǿ߲ſһս
ҲΪǿһսУɱЩ޵оŽʦߵԭ򣬷粻κһ˶û֣䳡
÷粻Ϊ˵һӵоʸˡ
ʮֲҵıŷѩܣѪҽǹڵĻŷѩѾѶɱˡ
ܶ޺Ŀ˳һۣ·һ㡣
ˣԵȻһЦ
ȴöͷԳԵĺǿˡ
龺̨
붫ͬڵԬ˶֡
һ£ɫ䣬һ˫˸Ĺԡ
飬δˣ֮һ
ԬɨˣĿɭȻ򳽻ԣȴһ˿Եļɵ
ĴˣԳԣȴû㹻
ԣģΪͳһս
ԣ
Ȼʿȴֱӵ˳Ե
Լ֣ԵȻһЦëƮƮ䵽˾̨һˣ̬ƽĿԬ
̨ˣ
жʿڹעԣ̨ǿ龺̨
ڣΨһĻᡣ
һսԶҪ
˭붫ʧܣ
ߣ
δ̨ķ粻޼ɺͱŷѩܵĶ޼ԣһ
˶ԳԼɵ
Ϊһ㣬Ԫ汻ɱûۿһΣڿۼԵʵϾԬҲǿ֮һѾˣԬҲڵϣ
ں֮䣬мҵĿš
ɶ񡣡ԬԼĶ̨ˣоһεúܺãٱ䣬뷨
ֻǣȻԴ׽һ˿ɵ


894 2
һЦ˵Ԭɣ
ߣҪţԬɲǸ¡ԬһԼ׳һչͬ鳲һ㣬򳽻ԡ
ৣ
ٶȼ죬ҷһѩ׹ԡ
һ˲䣬һɸ͵ȭ־ӿͬһӿ򳽻ԡ
ȭ־ǿͣɴɽɶϽӣ򽭹ȥ붫ơ
䣡䣡䣡
ֻԵͬһɽƶը˻ϸˮһ㡣
֮ը
ৡһ¡
ֻԼâ罣
ԬӭѶϣһս
ʡԽռ䣬Խǳ
ৡһ¡
ͼһʮɽն£˺أڱ⣬֮䣬·ֻһ
飡
һ죬ȭâϣͬʱɢ
̽һУǸС
ԴˣԲδе⣬Ͼ־棬ԬĽףռƵľʡ
ԬȴǸޱȣа룺Ҷ߳ʵȴԺ£⳽ҲˣҲãҾͳƴ׳ԼһͿԺͼ޼ɵ档
뵽㣬Ԭһ˿˷֮ɫ
ٺ³ԣԽսԽ£սڣƻ򳽻ԡ
׳ա̨£޿һԬ޵Ծ㱾£õ𣿡ΪͳйսĶޣ֪ԬʼˣͿ֣Ԭذܡ
޼ɺͷ粻ޱ飬ȻҲһ㣬Ԭǰա
ԬȻǿƵóʩչֽˡ
ǰԵʵˡ
ߣ֪Եʵˣֻû˵ѣһȻϡ
̨£һЩΪǵĲ߶ǲмĿųԣۡ
ʾ
ۼԵʵ˶ɣԳġ
ԣ˿
̫Ϻ߳϶Ǿۿδ˵ƽ
ڶȴǵǲѣУԬ̫ǿˣ֪Ի᲻սܣ
ǺŷѩŮڲԶĬĬųԣûеǣԳʮ㡣
һĻ߶Ľѡ
Լ޼Ϊŷѩһۣɫһ£иȷҪɱԣŷѩľͻʼԼԶò֮ҪŷѩȫȻΪòҪŷѩľ֮塣
õͻʦͻ°빦˵Գɾʹ˵еʦ޼޼ɵɨŷѩһۣа
һУŷѩܹע⵽ֻüδ˵
ʱҲעԡ
һԺԬĶԾҲ˲ݵĲߺʦܡ
⳽ǶΨһһ˽ģ֪ܷԬӭһս
ҿԺС⳽սͨ죬Ԭ黹ǿߣһ޵ǿߣԴˣĻʺС
ǰ̫ˣһҲ⳽ǿ߶ѣԻǽͻƾŽʦģܺЩǿ߱⡣
ݵĲߺʦȻϣʤһ˵սܡ
ЩͦУ̬ƽ·δţԬƽ
䣡
ֻһȭըѣȭƾͬƥһ򳽻ԣǳ
հν
齣һӣֻ
ꡱһ
ȭƾͱ룬֮䣬ֻһ齣һհν
Ԭǿߣô򵥾ܹܵġ
ȭ
תһȻ
Ʈ죬ɢϢ·𲻴һ㣬һ鶯ζ
ƮƮĴһȭԬȭâ·ãɫһ㣬·һȭһ㡣
ԣʯ̴СҷͬҰɫʯʣݺݴ򳽻Դһ
ˣ΢΢Ծ
ΪͷһԾĶ֣ԬҲΨһߡ
Ȼ˵Щİһ޴ָС
ʹһ㣬ԬʵҪȶʤһ
ˣԬҲԽ⣬Ԫת״̬ˮ©ҷ⣬˫־ȭӣ趯֮䣬ʹı仯ͷ·֮һ㣬
һɫͬһ򳽻ԡ
Ԭӡ޼Ц˵
ٺ٣ȻԪԪ汻ɱҲԬ˹ˡ粻Ȼȴһ˿
ϣҪʧҿϣִܹ޼ĿĿ򳽻Ե
Ҳǡ粻
ݲߺ͸ʦҲעԣԬѹƣЩ⡣
⳽˵ǣҲ֪ԪǷıɱ
ԬǿȴȲԪ棬⳽ȴԬѹƣڶ˵ˣԪɱġ
ҲôӳԱֳʵҲǿߵˮ׼ûдﵽ콾ĵزôɱԪʵ
һĻ˶ɣۡ
ߡһޱ飬һ˫Ŀ̶Żɫԡ
ֲ°ɣȻۼԵʵž̨ıԣҲЩΪǡ
ģֵֶοɲֹЩȻ֪Ϊʲôûóʵĵƽ˵ҲһЩģԬ֮˵ģǿǱȶ޻ҪǿĽɫ
ҪҪųԡ̫߳˵
š̫ϵͷǶ˵۽磬ȻԿڵ״̬Ԭ˲


895 3
λ̫ϳϷˣҲͷˡ
ֶͷǶŮڰйעԣͬǰҪ֪Եʵȴеǡ
⣬ŷѩǴ˶֣ӭµĶȭڰɡ
龺̨
ƣ࣬ˮ丣Ԭۿ·ڤһ㡣

һ죬ֻһԬ̤ɽǰУȻǿ󣬵ٶޱȣ磬紵˫͵һͼһɫӳΣӨͬ˵
ԣɣ
ԬǳüĿ䣬˫һӣͱ˳ȥ
ž
ռһ磬ε۾ԶԶȥ̨·˺ѳ롣
ԣһн޵оŽʦҲҪһǿ߰ʮǣҲҪˣҿܹϼǣԬɭȻĿĵĶų˵
治
̣ϾȼڵĻ档
ϣовԻ治ٺò
ˡһ
θߣڣɫʣСϪ
⣡
гԴ߶ɭ䡢ϢԳӿ糱ˮһ˳ȥ
ֻԵֱֳָֽ񷣬۳һ貽⡣
ৡһ£
һɭȻںڵĽնǱ޴
ɱУһڣһӨף·ͬһ
ۣ
гȻǷնֻʮֹ죬Ȼͬ˹һܹ⣬򳽻ԡ
ˣɫһ
ԬƿȻʹŵ츳ʩչʤ
һĻһ¡
ڳҲǳˣֶλѲ
ռ䣡
һ¡·ۣƹԶڳϿգɭȻ޵顢ʬõ֣׺ݵԬ
һ˲䣬ط·һѹ
ۣ
ɲ֮䣬ͱռڵѹԬ
﷢֮־ҡͷƤ飬·ĵ˵һ㡣
ৣ
컰˵úǰԬ˳ȥ
Ȼ򵥷Ź
¡¡
ǧһ㣬ռڳԵĿ£ѹԬ
ɶ񣡡Ԭɫһݣ֪ԼԽˣԾԽǿԼ·磬ʱһͻᱻѹƣͣ½Ųɽдȣ޷ԶƮȻ
ˡһ
Ȼһ磬߶ܿ;ǧѩƮѩ
ѩ
û뵽Ԭ˱ѩгһ
Ǳѩǳڶ
߿ںϣһɶ칤ụų⣬ᷢӸǿҿӣԬԱѩƿأҲʮ죬֮¡
ʱҲΪԬڶ֮ˡ
ԽҴ⡣
ѩ׷ɣ
ѩƮ䣡
ѩ죡
Ԭɫ˪࣬ͬһȭһȭĺȭϣȭ죬ȭâ֯Ľȭ־չֵ쾡¡
һӣѩƮ㣬ѩ䣬̨һѩ硣
ޱߵĺ˷ӿ򳽻ԣ·Ҫû
̹ǣ
ĸݳԴ˿̵ĸоѩϰ𪣬·һ˪һ˫üѩɫ
ˣԬ⣬ϯϷ֮ƣƽԣҪһٴ
Ȼǹһ˿Ц⡣
Ԭпһ¡
ءһ
ֻȼܻ棬ߵĻ硣
汾ԴȻֻСɣԸ㺮䣬ȴǴࡣ
¡¡
ƶռ䣬ɽǰУݺѹȥ
ͬʱڷ硢ס࣬ӿʹ
׽⣡
⣡
ལ⣡
֮䣬ǽ⣬һеıѩȫɢ£ѩڡ
һӣ̨ůˡ
ˣ˶ʼɵ𳽻ˡ
һ֣˲Ĺ򣬳ԿףЩʦܺǿȴеİ֪ԬѾбԿƵͷʦܺͶ޼ˣЩǡ
һ㣬ԬȻҲ֪
δżΪкֶΡ
ѩռ䣡
ʼѩʮϤƿǳ˫ȭ䶯һѩռΡ
¡һ
ʮɴСıѩռһ־ͺݺݵײռϣһ𶯣ɽײ
ѩռ䶶ռȴʯ
ԿռУ
Է·ѾԤһ㣬۾Դ
֮
һʣһںڷľ֮Ծ񹥻ʽԬ
֮ȭ
ԬҲսԸոʩչѾԤϵˣҲ۾ȥ
أ
һιռϷ硣
֮֮ȭϡ
ֻԲֺɫƽȻˮԬȴɫһףӿһĨ졣
ôܣĽ׽־Ľȭ־ôˣԬɫһ䣬ɫѿ˵
ߡ߲
ֻԼ֪Ԭ־ͬȣȴʤһ
ƾ񹥻־ȱһɡ
ԣԬǰϡ
ŵ˵һǼ޼ɵ볽ԱƴҲֻķݶΪʣ޼ɵĽʡ
Ҳע˳ԵǱǸǿ


896 4
ৣ
ԭһڹ⣬ֻһƽԬ
߶ʱɫ䡣
á޼ɫһ䣬¶˺â˵ԬҪˡ
˽ԬֶѾþھͻһеδʩչҪԸԣֻʩչˡ˵
еƣδûС粻
ԣɫһ䡣
һ㣬Ҳǿߺ͸ʦܿ
ռϷˡ
ԬѾɽˮĵزҵкС
˵ĲҶԳԵĺܴһơ
ݲߺʦܶʮּΪԺȲʡ
̫ˣ
ͷ˶ܸˡ
šϺ߳϶ҲĵͷԳԺ⡣
أ
ڴʱֻһСŷѩɴܡ
ৣ
̱Կɫһ䣬ŷѩûˣ
档
࣡࣡࣡
Ԭһҧվǿȭ־ӳ޵η羨̺ˮһͷ·һֻ׺ݡµҰʳһ㣬Ԭȥʮ׶Ұޡ
ԪĶ
ֻǲбѩͬʱԬӿͬˮʯһ㣬죬ͬˮһ㡣
ת
ԬһĿ棬սӿսȭ־١
޷Զһ̣·ȭʦһȻϢ
Ϣʮֵı䣬һƮζ
ѩںϣ
̨ϣ龰һ䣬ħ磬ѩɷɣƣͷ·һҪչǰһ㡣
ѩ
һ³ʯأ̡
ˡһ֮УԬãԭʧ
ʲô
ˣ˶һ
⡭Ҳɫһ䣬ԭΪֻһͨٶȴﵽĳ̶ȣ޷ۿʩߵΣڿȴȫͬԳǿʦľȻҲ޷̽⵽ԬӰ
ʱüͷĿһ㣬罣һɨܡ
һҲǿߺʦܾȵԭΪ۽磬ҲǷֲԬӰ
Ͽգ
ʩչϹͨǼһ֡¶һ˿Ȥ֮ɫ˵
ҲˣӦѧ˵
ѧӾȻˣϾ
ֻǴֻǴһ˿ضѣСɶûдﵽֻͨϾϹѧȻֻ֪ƤëҲǳܹԵġ΢΢ͷ˵ԴҪƽ⣬ЩѶȡ
Ҳǽռá۰룬˵ǽռ䲢ͨԪռ䣬ۺ־Ԫļӳ֣ͬ죬ǲҪˣСӿʡ
Щݣֻǲ֪ܷ񻯽⣿ϳ˵
ǿָϿգͼ¼ХϣԵȻռϷ磬Ԭݺѹơ
Ц˵һܹߵĸԶˣĲ츳ҲݵλˣһϣʤԬʮֹ
˵ˣͨ׵˵Ʈ죬ȷʵڣӰϵͷ˵
ǰǿĲĽ־Ҳʣˡ˵ˣźҲԶԶ̡
˵ĶԡϺ϶ͷ
һ̣λŽ۷ʦܣվ½۷λܶԳԲһ˿Ȥ
飡
ףֻһȭӡڳ࣬ػļϣʱ˳ȥ
ৣ
Բ˹ԥһǿһΣ͹ƽûκζûԬӰ
ˣüͷĸġ
ã
ˣɫһ䡣
á̫ͨɫһͣһ£á졯Ԭͨ
Ըа취̫߳ɫص
ߺʦܶɫһ䣬Ŀԡ
㲻ܰܰ
˶ͷǶϣԲܰܰ
䲻
䲻
Ԭɵúá޹Ц˷ǳ
粻ͼ޼ɶ˶ǺЦʮ⡣
֡ذε볽һ飬ϣźͳһսϣ԰ܸԬ˵ɲ䰡һҪһսء
Դ硣ŷѩȻڰ֣֮޴󰭣̨£ɫǵĿųԡ
ǣҪˡֶǣ˵
ôҿδءҲ˳ȴԳʮ㣬ҷ˿ɲֹ㱾¡˵˽⳽ԵƵˣȻΪԬܴ
ߣҿҪúÿֶ˵
ԣǲǿ򳽻ԡ
һ£龺̨ԺԬս˴󲿷˵Ŀ⣬ϾԷͷ̫ʢˡ
̨ϣƣã粻ʵ磬һжá
Ծ˶㣬ȻûзԬӰ
أ
أ
أ
û˿ķӦʱ䣬ԽԬȭѣ¶ļ
౾Դ壬Կ˺ۣȴް
ɶ񣬵취Ŀ
ռ䣡
ռ䣡
һ˲䣬չռ䣬žռãռҲյЧ
һγʧˡ
ռҲκβԬ
ءһ
һȭӡҶʯڳԺ󱳣飬ֳһӡѪƳ֡
հν
׽⣡
ལ⣡


897 5
ɫ䣬ۣķԬټɱƵȻһЧһȭ
ƺһһѪɫ԰ס

ˣ˻ȻԾȻˣ
ӳѾɽˮĵزˡ
ҿǻֻԬ׸
ţôǱԬܣҿԿ϶Ԫɱģ˵Ԫ汻ħˣ⳽͵Ϯɱ
˵ɱԪıµĻҲᱻԬú޷֮ˡ
עݾʹ˥ˡ
չ½Ͳݣˡ
˶ݲߣݲߺ߶Ǹޱȣ˷쳣öݵû䣬ȡݵʢչڼġ
ǰˡ
ѵûκϣ𣿡
˵أԬټֲˣ̸ʲô˼ңֻԬ̫ǿˡ
ǰվǸͻƾŽʦѧޣܺԬᲢۣ
սһܣҶݻδ֮
˶ʮֲʣȴ޼£ǿ԰ܾѶˡ
Դ硣ŷѩһĶĿǵǡ
ߺߡһߣֶ·ʾ
ѵûа취𣿡־ʼҡɳԻܷԬûкͻֶƽϡ
ԣڻ䣬ʱֻվ˵䣬㻹ܱһ棬ԳƬ̣ҿֻӴˣ˵꣬޹ЦǱ֮ɫ
ٺ١粻ͼ޼ɶ˶ЦȴЩδִܳԶЩź
ԡذε˫ȭգ򳽻ԡ
ΪһҪܳԵͳ϶ҲĿת
λϡǣ̻̲
ɡ̫߳ϵ
ѵ˵Ҷݵ𣿡̫Ҳ¶įû˷â֮
˶һ̾򳽻Բ
̨ϡ
ԣû뵽ҲнɣһЦ˷糱ˮһӿ򳽻˫ľȻֲԴͷ
˿̣ԬǸ˵˼㣬һԶ˳Եģ
Լû뵽ԼȻִܹܳԡ
ԼɳԵɾ˱ȼ޼Ĵ콾Ҫǿͷȡ
ܳԣ
ˣԬֻͷˡ
˷ѩȭ
һֻһȭӡԳǰֶ׹Ӳӣڳš
ءһ
ֻˡ
ԣϵ⣬׸Ԭ޴ڣ·Ӿʮش׽˸о졣

ɫĨȥǵѪȼ棬Ľʼ㣬гɲ౾Դ壬ˮתȫ֫ٺѪҺڣëжн˷
ֵˡ
һ𣬳ٴαһȭ˳ȥ
ۡ
Ԭһȭ̺ͱѩͬʱóϣ͸ƤëףӿóԴһһѪ
ԣʲôζԬԵЦУҪô㣬ô㡣
ɶ񣡡߷ǳһࡣ
һսֱ˵һԾԼƸ޷ӳ
ԬʵˣǳʷΪѲĶ֡
ԣ̫ͨ»ãԣܷ׽ϢȻ˵ͱѩѧͨĺۼֻҪټһԷ
԰
ԣ۾ٿȻһ
磡
һӿʶӿϹž̨Ƭ֮䣬ͳÿһ䡣
ûУ
棡
һӣƣͬһ㣬ԳΪģ˷Ӷ˺ҧռ䣬˻˻֮쳣
ûУ
Щջ𣬵ҲѸƽٴ̽
Ԭ·Ҳһ㣬ٹԣΡ֪δ


˵Դ߶ɫʮѿûзͱѩϢһ㶼ûС
ɶ񣡡һ̣ԶòϣԬ֪֮ͨЩϹͨǿ˶ٱ
ԣò
ʱȴǷ˵ģϻ˵ԬͱѩûޣҪ־ʮּѣΪ̫ࡣ
ԲΨһϣΪԵҲԸоͱѩϢϻó˵

۾һ֮һƣͬڱѩ
գ̴߶౾Դ
ˡ
һɫӳϴΪģһȥ˷
ͣͣ͡
֮ռĦ
һϣʵڸ
Ϊٸ߼Ҳѩ߱ͬıԴ
۲౾ԴͲһȫͬһ֣ԶܹѸٵķ
䣡
ڴʱͻأһը죬ֻ౾Դɨ䵽̨أ̳һӰԬ˭
ʲôʲôԬʵ
ͷ־£ôû뵽ܹƽԼһУֱͷŭ
ͬʱ°ܸԣ䵽ϡ
ԬʮԼѩһڳǰʧЧԼ;޷סĹֻսܵ³ʱ󳽻ԻԸԼ


898 6
ռ䣡
ûκεЦ磬
ռһҡͼһռ佫Ԭ
ռ䣡
ţֲģٴռ䣬ķһпԪϢ
棬
ɶ񣡡
Ԭ趯˫ȭҽ̨𶯣ǧڡ
Ѿȶ֡
ྫ֮
ɫ֮ݺݴԬʱ䡣
ѩ֮ȭ
ԬҲ񹥻߲£ʱ⣬ЦңûŶ
ߣ
Եһ̤ƽԬһɿռϢɢ
ʲô
ʱԬɫ䡣
񽣣
ʯ֮䣬Ծʩչ˾񽣣ںһ壬ԬܣδѪҽҵ֣
һǣѾٵۡ
һ˵ʵں֮䣬öΪ԰ܾѶһʱûзӦ
ã

ȫ
찡ԾȻΪʤˣ̫ˡ
ղҸо˳̽ܣͷԬټĿռ䣬һٴ
Ҳˣȷʵˣ⳽Թǿ
ǰԬԴܣܹͼ޼棬ЩɱԪˡ
˵ĲҲˡ
ݲߺŴܶһʱۿ
ȻΪĵǾǶݲߺŴܡ
̫ˣԴӮˡ
첻Ҷݰ
Ҷݻлᡣ
һ̣˶˷ǳۡ
ã̫Ϻ߳ϴкã˷ܡ
Ҿֲ֪ʧġȭеļ˵
ԣ˶صͷ
ףȻӮˡֶ΢΢Щ
ߺߡһߣǿŻֶߺ̺ϲá
ԴӮˣ̫ˡŷѩд˸ˣĲѣԼֶܶҪˡ
ߣ粻޼ɺͶ˾һ㣬Ĭȴ˸ɱ
޼ɣ
ʱ˼޼ɵ֡
Сֻˡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪˣͿȡСһ
ͬʱҲ˾̨
顣

ʿһ֡
һųϣһ£һͷһɫһ𣬰ЩݣȽһϾ̨̩ȻվڳԶ档
룡ֵ
ʼʿһ£ⳡԾʼ
ܿ죬Ժսһţ˹Ԫӿݺᡣ
䣡
ͻȻһ죬ֻһ龺̨ϣ޼һа׻ɽķ˶֡
ţֺͺӥսһ
ԷǿߣʵҪȼ޼һЩҪڼ򵥵ʹӥȻһɵ顣
ڶ飬òӺޱȣͬŮ·
ɾͺռ壬Կռ࣬ѧͨǷʤҪʮּѡ
νʱ䲻ռΪԡ
ο˫֮һĺܸߡ
λ̨ɽ־
һλǿߣĵż룬һ˫۾żһĨâ
һ𵶿ͣ죬ԵɽһʼͺͷǴѽѷ֡
顣
˵ڰˣֶڵ̨
ŮӣΪ콾ʵнüķ緶
һ㣬ҲΪ
һϣսе˼һ״̬
ӥǹ֮ǵͣҲǹޣ־ﵽĽףǹףҲףۺʵ
ȼ֮
ʮ
ɱն
ֳֻһ󵶣ƥһܣͷϿջۣҲǷХƶ֮䣬ĵӶʩչԻΪú
ȼգͬˣɽ
ৣ
һХֻ̨һۣҲԵĵƣҪһ㡣
ȻӥĵѾ¯ľ硣
ڵһһʽ⣬ʮͨ͸һһͶζ
ЩѧˣϧһӥԵǼ޼ɡ
Ǳ֮һ콾֮׵˼
ɴˣͿԵ֪޼ɵжǿˡ

׻
ȸ죡

һ˲䣬޼ɾʩչ澭ѧÿһ޸һ֣ҲһЩ
ֻһ޴һͷݵİ׻һֻȼյȸһֻػصõĿռ棬һײӥ
ء
һըУӥľͱһһȥ
顱һ
ֻػһ㣬ɳȥ
ߡ޼ƮȻޱߣȻǲӥС
ɶ񣡡ӥȴǷŭǳôԼҲǿߣ㼧޼Ǹ콾ҲӦ˿ƾһ㣬ӥҲԼھ䡣
𣿡޼ȻĿӥʵ

ӥ쳤𣬰ԵǳֳֵͦǹȻ֮ơ
ৡһ¡
ֻһʱ޾棬һܣһּ޼ɡ
һǹ
ţֳǹʩչǹǷ켫ǹ䣬ͬ滨׷ɡ

޼ɼӥ䣬Ȼŭһ绢ХһץȻ𣺡׻ӡ
ءһ
һץһģʱХͬХɽ֣һͷɫ޻ǻ
͡һ
飬׻Բ֮ץǻǹ⣬һ㾰


899 7
򣡡
޼ɫ飬Ʒɣӡ衣
顱һ
ֻӥͬ޻һ㱻ķ˳ȥѪڵϡ
ĸСݱĽС
ֶʵȻǿֻʣһˡ
Ҳǲ֡
龺̨
ֻϿշ̣ܲͬڰ׷
䣡䣡䣡
һǳ£ԵĶ־ͱҷ˳ȥ
ƣ
һ֡

δ֣Ծ͸оһɼǿѪ֮ƣֻѪƹѪ죬ͺһһѪħһ㡣
ս죡
ٲȻһλǿߣûзâ¶ϢһֺظУһˣһһ
žաһ
ֻһʱžֻĽӳһɫ⣬һ߳򳽻ԣҪ˺ҧƬ

ǳԸоĵһ
һΪ۷壬֣ǺѸоļԵģƺȻڴС
Ľ׵־ʣͨǿһ޶
ɲҴ⣬һǿС
ΪϣԸоһɲذεϢ
ذεһǿߣҲǣҶ˶һͨ㣬ǵ͡
̨£Ƶذε˸⣬սȼգһ㶼Ρ
ֻڴͳһս
ڶ飬ǡ
ĶǷٻǫһ壬ڻŵ򣬾ͬõˮһ㡣
⣬һװԵʮ
Ԫ壡
ȵԪͬһ㣬ϲ񷣬ǫһΪߵţͶ֮䣬·ɽ֣ڲ࣬Ե˼㡣
Ķ֣Ϊ콾ķǶҴ⡣
֮
֮
תǬ
ӵоգȻɴסȴһɫʡ
ӯ˫˿٣֣·Ů·ɽʧɫﳼźһ趯иһָ赸ֺڵһ㣬ۼ
Ȼûԣǿ߶ܹоϵĿռĲ
Щûռ߶սˣԸͷǽ֡
һжΪռ̫ˡ
ԴˣԴӱǧУҲֻһ˴ռͿԿˡ
࣬񽣣ֻǴͨԶԶ޷ͷǱ⡣
ǫҲ
ת鹦
ɱ
޼𣡡
ϢƳˮѧͨƵʩչһǳɣзһеζ
۽߶ǫѾ·ˡ
飬ֶѾսˡ
Ķ֣壡
ˮһλǿߡ
ʮȭ
һ֣һװԵȭٲȻϹѧ׹ҫ·ʹߣ˼
䡭
ȭһʮȭһȭһȭȭâȭҫۣգϹž̨ϣ⻡
ҫ
ǿ
ºϻ
һ˲䣬ֶҲû֣ǳۺϣﵽһԲ̶ȣû˿覴ãϾϣֱ
ĹַʮȻɣ˿ٲȻŮһ㡣
ڴˣֶչֳݽŮ
˿壬ͬһ徢ʮ㡣
׹꣡
ɣ
ˮף
һ̣ںˮ໥ۺϣ໥ǯƣʮֵĹ
һ㣬Զ
˿̣Ҳõһ˿Ϣʱ䡣
Ϊڸղţơ
ذε
ৣ
̨ĲذεºͣͨǷһָǹɽӵơ
Ƶǿߣ
һۣԾͷ
ʼ
ʿĻ䣬һ롯ֳС
ȻûֵĴ㣬һ֣ɱС
ֹһƣ
һҶ֣
ƣ
һʽƷͷĴ򳽻ԡ
ڵһʱռȻ
ʵϣʮּɵԣϾֵʵĿõģԼܷδ֪һսһս
ΪںݣͬԴڡһ
ս
һĽƵ־תƹ˸âһƿɽӣһƿɴ£·ժ£١
ӶݵĽ֣ԿԿʮӣ˳֮ĵһˡ
׻𱬣
죡
հν
ʶҲû֡
ͬʱǴ˶ǫӭսһ֣Ԫɽ鰲һλǿĶ֡
飡
Ȼһ龺̨һ죬žʿ޼ʤ
޼ɫư£һơ
Ϊ˼̷粻ڶþʸˣȷʵʵ
Ժսһţһ˿Ĺʣ˵ҲãԴ㡣
ߡ粻ųһû˵
ֶ弤սԪ壬⻪䣬ϼɽȪˣͺڱԣ赸һ㡣
᳹ȫһʣ·¹ӣԡ
ȴᶨ֮ڻֶľնעһۣ־ɱС
ˮף
׹⣡
Ԫˮף
彫ˮꡢۺϵ覴õĳ̶ȣһһʽ޴
¿ռ䣡
½
񻰣
ֶֻڸ콾֮˵ƿأʹˮԾţûκεˮ©


900 8
£
һʽֶʩչ˵ƣϹϢƺ½޷ݵϢòϡ֮ʶ޷⡣
䡱һ
޷ֵסһʽȥ
ৣ
ֻһٻӰ̨ϣֶĶڷ
һλŮӡ
ͬʵǿᡣ
ʤ
ڴʱ龺̨˲ʿǳΪ˵˽
˻ֶһۣһ˫ྻ¶˵֮ɫ
ߡֶһ˵ʼɣ
룡ֶȻһЦ˵
ˡ
һЦ˲䣬ֻ˫˸Ĺʣ̫ͬһ㣬ɢһȦһȭĹ⻡
ֶͫ
ֻЦȴû˵
ߣͫҲǰŪֶԷûʲôɫһһӣһ»ϯ˳
ã
ɫ䣬ȻͬչһУûֶǰľһ䣬·ǰһжٵһ㡣
һнã
ৣ
ֶֻ˳ȥоȣ˵Ļһܸľʦ
ûЦˡ˵
ߣףѧ˲ҡֶ˵Ǹ콾־ɱǿˣδﵽףҲȥԶԷһľѧǴܲġ
һ㣬ȻҲԤϵˡ
ģ
Σ
־
ӯͬ赸ĺһУһ˫׵ʩʽѧ
¿ռ䣡
ҫ
񻰣
ˣֶҲӷʩչɱУľѧ
䡭
ͬʱԺսһţֻԪ壬˷𣬽âͬҽһӿϿգѹķɫʵĹĴȥ̻ҪѤá
⣡
׽⣡
ལ⣡
ʽһǳɣӳʩչȥ
꣡
һ죬ͽĹƣˡ
ৣ
Կû֣ѹȥƵۻҡ
飡
һط·ֻһδ£ǽѾͬһ㽫֡
һ޴ӵĸо
֣
ƣ
¾ƣ
ɫ䣬ˣܿͷԼ޿ˣһҧס߶սԪӭսԡ
һʽƷס
ΪһƵߣȺ飬˲֪ƷٲȻдʦ緶
ԳλΪ˵Ĵڣȴ޼¡
һսо㡣
֮ƣ
֮ƣ
һ˲䣬̤ʯоʩչ˾֮ơ
ˣ
磬ذ»ãû֪棬߶֪һǾͻɷǳصĺ
ԣһ˵񹥻Ϊơ
ֻʧˡ
ǾʦǿᣬԿģ
֮
׾֮
ྫ֮
һڶֱ֮ӹ֮ȭһྫ֮شľ硣
ʱҽһ˳ȥ
һƣ
Ȼһܣ
񽣣
ռڳϲ·Ծƽռ羵һĿռ֣˫Ľ壬ֻѪѪھ̨ÿһ䡣
ءһ
ͬһݣݺˤ̨ϣãǱ
ʤ
ʿԽ˵ذε
ڲ̧ȥذεϳ΢ЦĿ絶⣬̶ͬһֿ͸ĸо˵֣һսڵˡ
Եͷ
ʼʿ
ৡһ¡
ֻذεγһӷǳĵҲȴһֺظУ·һѵһɽһ㡣
ɫֳ齣Ŀذε
ڰǵʦսһսһΣذεϧܸ˳ԡ
գٴһս
Ҳذεġ
һս
ʱϿͼ¼һһļ٣һ޼ɡ粻ͷ˵ƽϿգһָµơ
צɢ
ԡذε
ֶ
ˡ
ͬʱֶͷսѾ˸߳Ϊʱ
ֶֻϿգһºһǳȽҫķͷ·ԡ»֮Уԣ¹Ҳˡ
˶Կֶ·硣
ľѧ̫ˡ
·ǻأ黯磬һʵж٣һ
ֶһй⡣
ƿ飬·չ浾ţѧϵõ쾡µ֡
κ˶û뵽ģԭΪͻȻû뵽Ȼʱ̳һ
ʦ
ȻϹŶĵӡ
һ̣Źʣ׷
̨£Ѿ˽ŷѩǡֶͷƣٲȻŮ񼶱콾֮Ů
ⷽȻһ̣޼ɺͷ粻˶ʮ־ȣ뻨ֶȣϵֻ֣֮ǣû뵽Ȼӵи콾ʵʵ̫˾ˡ
һУûһ˿Ϊڵһ͵ڶֵ̫ƽˡ
ǲѣһ˰


901 9

ʱ򣬷ɫһ䣬ã˫ӡһĪһ˿ͺݽȥ
ˡʱֶþһ˫ѣоһᣬͷ·޾Ԩһ㡣
һУĺ£Ҫ
أ
һ˲һָ˻ֶͷͬһ޻һ˳ȥ
ʤ
һ߿ֻһ̵˻ֶǣﵽʮɣȻ볽Ե棬޼ɡ粻˵Ҫһ

ʿ£һƬȻ֮Ī𾪡
ֶˣ
Ǹ콾
ˣݲߺŴ˵ֱһ޷ܵ顣
ǿɶֶָȡǰ
ȴǸޱȣԪ汻ɱñûһ˽ҲζűעһǱԵǰ
ֶһݡ
͸˶һĻᣬֻҪԴذεǾζųԾܸ޼ɡ粻Ǻͷˣöݽǰ
һ㣬˶ס
粻ݵˣǼ޼ɣǷǺͷŮݵˣʤҲֻǸ˶ѡ
һǱҲࡣ
һΣǶõĻᡣ
ֻҪذεҲ
Ǽ񵽱ˡ
ǰû뵽Ȼ鷢ĳϷԤϰ
˭ûϵֶܸݸõϵڱĻᡣ
ǺǣλҪ̫ۣ⳽ܴܲذεһأ
ذεҿҪǿһЩδĶ֡
˵ĲֻҪذεܳԣǶݾûлˡ
һ˵ݡݺͶ֮仹ҪһԾ
ˣǺúÿɡ
ΪŭݺͱݵĲߺŴܣٶŽҵϣ԰ܸذε
ߣ
粻ͼ޼ɶ˶ޱ飬򳽻ԵĿУź⡣
ɶ񡣡ȴǺԼԳԵĺ⣬һ࣬޲ɱԣйͷֻޡ
̫Ϻ߳һۣ˱˴еϲɫ
ҲǸ֣ڴĿ⿴ųԡ
ŷѩʣˮĿųԣϴŹ΢Ц
һԵķһ
ŷѩһۣȴȻһЦû˵
˵÷׼ŷѩ˼ˡ
龺̨Ŀ
鶼˵һˣֻеˡ
óԺذεΪ˹ע
أ
սһѸսһ𣬽ܲݺᣬ֯һ𣬽֮ڶ
һǽޣһǵޣҲһ뵶ıƴ
ԵĽ飬仯Ī⣬Դȣذεĵ죬򣬴кɽƣ·һ㣬һʼѿ
û뵽ذεǻڴߣǲ֪ܷܳԣ
ĵţͳһսȴʤϡ
ˣϷҲϣܹܳԡ
һЩۣܵݺͱݴܶϣذεܳԣȡýһݺͱݲлᡣ
ս
̨ϣǳԣذεս߰߿սĺ¡·սսһ㡣
ֻսս䣬ݺᡣ
һͣ
һͣ
۷Ծ
ذεϣϡأɣϢתСϪһʡ
˫ŹŵͦΣɽҰ·һˣһ󵶣նϺɽնǺӣأǬ
Ȼ壬ǧΪ޹ģһս£
죡
׻ױ
ٷţ
桢硢ͬʱĶɫɫɫɫڳܽӳʣͬ򻨴Уٻţǧ裬ˡ
ȴ̺˿µĻ


ƣ
⣡
һ̣Լ˳˫ĽԲˮΣһ˿˳Ⱦ
ŷ޵е˶ڹսŹÿһʽĶϢ
Ҳˡ
ȻԳԺȴòһ㣬ڽϵȴǸԼĽԶĽĪĺôԶ޵Ϊˣ᳽ԵĶԸԣȻŹ
ͽʦĳģ
ͷһ޼ۿͷݻʩչĽ
ȻҲŹᡣ
ȻֻԽޡ
ذεĵҲ˲ٲߵС


ƣ
⣡
ڵһУذεչֵ쾡£
ͬһ㣬ǳԣذε͵һߵĵز
ԣɣ
ذεɡ
뵶Ļ֣͵Ȼǽƣƣ⣨⣩Ĳ衣
ڽ⣨⣩֮󣬾ǽļ£ҲǸļ££
һݵ
££
Ժذε̤һ硣
һʮѣԵ졣
н޻ߵ޴ﵽ۷ĵز
һ˵Ҫ򡮰¡ͱﵽʦ硣
һ޺͵ޣҲˡ
ˣ֮ͬһĽޣޣʦ磬Ҳ¡¡
ԭֻһ㣬֮Ѿ츳ܹҪߵ
֮ľһ֡
츳޹أ
޷򣬾ղ˰֮Ҳ޷۷壬ǽ޺͵ޣҲΪ½Թͺٳֽܺ͵ܣϹʱܹõʦĽ޺͵޾͸٣οˡ
ԣ򽣰¡¼ûпܡ


902 10
㳽ԡذεĽţĻҲٵĿԺԲơ
˶־ᶨ֮
ԣڴ˿̣ǾѾûǰµľ飬Ǿֻܶ
׽⣡
⣡
ལ⡱
һ˲ʩչ⣬Ƿɽһնذε
֮⣡
絶⣡
ĵ⣡
ذεҲʩչԵ⣬ͳƴ
ԭΪԼڽƴϻʤһϾĲû뵽ذεʩչĵ⣬ĵ⣬һϹûԣȲҲ
ϸһذεĵ⣬Ծ˽⡣
ܹ֮ȼ粻ལ⣬ΪذεѾĵ˴֮Ĳལ⣬ֻгɶѡ
౾ԴɣǾʤĽ⡣
֮ΪױȵĻָκǣƣ඼Ǿ˵ԭ
ĽǿҲ޷벻⡣
סذεһ£û뵽ԼĽ⾹Ȼ޷ƽ⳽ԵĽ⣬Ҫ֪ԼĽԷκƣǾϵĲǯƲŶԡ
ã
Ǿ죬ȻǴ̾Яϵƽԡ
ĺã
ԼǴһ̨̤߳죬ǧڲ̤һ㡣
ʣ
ܼĽ쳹أԷ·һĽذε

ذεӰһӴһ죬
ϫ亣
ϫӿ
䣡
һһɺޱߵĴϢذεϴݳ纣纣̰˻֮ƣԡ
ݺᣬоγ֮ܡ
ն
ذε˫Źŵۣ۷壬һն£
¡
̨ɿռ䶼·һΪ

Ϣ˳С
ǿճ֣ã߿ǳڳͷϿգ޾ǳ֮ͬˮк¡
ն
ף׽£ݺᣬǿգȺ䣬ͬս
һ̣ǵӳڳԵϣΪá
ͷ·Ǳ̤ǣͷǿգһɽʵչֳ
ʣ
һ̣ĽޣеĽܿƣ·Ҫǣ
ô£ҵĽڶ
찡ʲôˣҵĽܿˡ
ã
̨£Щ޶ʧɫɫ䡣
ݣݣݣ
ֻҪǽޣΪʦеĽͲĿƣԶɳ糤羭죬뾺̨ǵĿռ䡣
һʮϰٱڳͷϿգҫ糤羪죬ɷ
⣬Ǵɽɣв߾
ǣⲻǽ⣬ǴɵĽ⣬Ҳûܣѵǣǽ¡Ȼһλʦܲ˵
£
һ˲䣬Ϲžû
£ôܣṳ̂ʦ磬ô򽣰£
Բܣⲻǽ£
һֽʦܲ٣̤߽ʦĽޣȴ޼µĴڣϷ򶼲֪ƾС򽣰µĿܡ
˵Ĳ˽£
ڶݵƽ󣬴󲿷ʦܶ𾪣Ѹۿ
Ȼûм£Կ϶Ծ򽣰¡
ԭܼ򵥣ûͻʦʦ߲֮ɡ
һ㣬֪
ɽ˵ǽ£Ҳ˵ǡʱһλ뷢԰׵˵
ɽ׽ڣŵʦܾй֮ɫ
ܱʦҲ𾴵ĿŴϡ
׽ڣ
ɽ߽״ܣĽǿߡ
Ѿû֪ΪеʶΪ׽ڡ
ǰ˵⻰ʲô˼
ǰʲôǽ£ֲǽ£
԰ǰ˵˵
ڸʦܶѰʣǶнʦܣǶ׽ΪǰԭǴϳһǧǰǰѾǰ˽ʦܣʱڳ˶δɾʦܡ
ԣƺǰҲΪ
һ㣬׽Ҳû˿ʣ˾̨ϵĳһۣ˵Ϸ֮ô˵Ҳֻǲ²⣬ղųԵһѾԽ˽⣬˽£ڽ֮ϣǽ£һǴ˽µĹֻĽ»Զ
˶٣׽ڸ̾˵һ㣬ϷҲӰ
ô˵ǰδ򽣰£һλнʦСʵ
ûС׽̹Ȼͷϣ˵£򵥾ܷģϷ޷ˡ
ǰˣĽɾֻͣҪУϣġλɽܼæ˵
Ǻǡ׽ںЦ
ˣҲҶˡ
ϿգԾѾﵽ˾磿
Ϸǵ͹ˡ̾򳽻ԣв֮ɫ
ȻֻǴ£Ľ²֪ʮǧӼȥֱԣ˵пܳΪǧһ򽣰µˡϲǾŽ۷ʦܣ𾪣˵
磬ûЦɣϾѾԼûп佱ˣοһСӡ
϶˵öԣڽ츳ǿԸǿĿԣ·Ҫ͸
ԣ϶һ
⻰ȷʵˣԵ츳ףལԴҲԵһ֣ûжǾԴġ
Щ϶֪֪Ļ»𾪡


903 11
ɶ񣡡޼ɺͷ粻ޱɫڷ˸ı䣬һ࣬ǶţԾȻ˽¡
޼ȻԼ츳˭ƣڳԴ£ȴ𾪷ǳȻֻǳԾ򽣰²֪ж೤ľ룬ȴǲϣɳԼûлˡ
޼˵Ķԣɱ粻ҲǶԳɱͳԽӣΪ³ԴɱνΪǿ꣬ˡ
һ㣬粻Ųɡ
̫ˣҾԲ䵽ϡ޵Ǽɵͺ£֪ԼǳԵĶ֣治Լ䵽³˼޼ɺͷ粻һۣû˵֪ʲô
£ֶ˼
ԭЩƲ𳽻ԣȴΪԾ뵽ԼܣҲٲѡ
˽£ҵĶҪˡ˳һۣ˵
֮ǰȻԴǿߣȴδԷУǴֶܻĴڣûи콾ţȴǸ콾ʵ
ڳԴ¾Ͳһˡ
£̫ˡ
̫Ϻ߳϶˷ܲѣοֱΪݴһֻǿļ
֡˶עųԣн֮ɫ
ݲߺŴҲǸ˷ǳЩҡ˼ȹ
δûлᣡ
ԴȻûʧŷѩϲ˵̨£罣ˣ⡣
ǿʸˡǸӵĿ˳һۣ˵
ǣ۹Ȼֶ˵
ôԼˣԴĿ˻ֶһۣ˵
ǺǣûǸᡣֶŷѩ˵
ߡһ˵
ֶһЦԴ֮ɫ
ͬʱҲ𾪣ΪԼҲ֪ʲôˣ
̸оһرԴǱȽӴ
£
ԶţԼȻ˵еĽˡ
һû򽣰£ֻǴ˽µżѡܿ죬ԾƽԼ˵
ֻ⣬û߽ȥ
ֻһ֮ңԶ֪Լܷż
ȻЩ˼ֻһ˲Ĺ
ʮڳͷϿ콣ХͬһƲһ㡣
ˣ
ʱһɺ粨ĽϢӳϴ˳
ۣ
֮ذεһйޡ
顱һ
ɽϢذεĹŵϣһذε˳ʮԶ
ʲôذεԾ
ৣ
˵꣬ذεϿմĽХ̧ͷһֻʮǼǵĽɢԵĹÿһѶǷâ¶Ҫ֪ЩһǱۼһȻ
ৣ
˲䣬˱նذε
һ£ݺᣬ̨·һΪ
һȻȴ
δ£ܼĽֻʮһѷĴϿռ£ذε
һذεУǵһ˲Ѳɡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ͬʱǳͬʹ䡣
ĵ
ذεһڷ裬ϢѪӿ˷ܣৣһһʽһʽڶʽ䣬ʽĻ磬һһǿһһݡ
ãϡɣĵĵƥӭ˳ȥҪֵһ
ֻһѾֻǵǳǴ˺üһȻǱǵڶʮǴµһͷǳˡ

һϣʱĵ
󣬾ʮͬȺ䣬Ƿɽһ¡

һƬ֮ԽذεĽ˲ޡ
ʱһ졣
ֻԲ̤ıֱ壬񽣡
ৡһ¡
趯һһűǳ£ҷʣ·ᴩأǿգذε
ͬһʱڣʮٴڰУ·ܵ˳ԵĽⶼ׼ذε·Ҫ̴
һŹֵĻ棬˳档
ôǿ
ذε𾪣оЩҪ֪ĵĵƣڳ޹еľȿ֪
ݣ
꽵һ㣬ʮгһ𣬴¿ͷ·һ޴ıâ¶
һն£
𣡡ذεһ徢ʮ㣬սȼգȥ
ϵı趯һϵĹ켣·𹴶ǣıԴ
䵶
ڣڴιͷذεʩչϵĵ
йϵĻڣ
ʦ˵䵶ʩչɱвɷˣ׵ò죬صĺ
˿ذεѾܲôˣҪͳһս
ޣͬһη޾壬հǰ˺Ǵﲻ۷ġ
һʩչ׵ذε͸оȫһ㣬Ԫ˲գԼʩչĵƣʩչʮֹŹ֣ʽļһ˵ζ
ˣ˶ɻ󲻽⡣
ǡֻǣȴ¶𾪣˵Ǵ˵е䵶û뵽ϽȻ׵ڸСһ
䵶Ϻֱʧֹ
׵Ƕ֪йϵĻڣ֪ǽɵû˿
ذεʦˣֻû뵽ذεȻ׵
ˡҡͷ˵
ϺԣĬȻ
ۣ


904 Ϲ
ڴʱذεȫëѪĿŤ۲ҽУʹ಻·Ҫ֧һ㡣
˻˫ĿѪ죬·ǵѪͬһ㣬ԡѪݺᣬҪֹԼʩչһѾԤϣܿƵʩչ
һ𣬵δ򳽻ԣһʮֹصķʽһ𣬷·һ㡣
¡¡
Ȼɫ䣬Ϲž̨𶯡
Ϲž̨𶯣Ǵ𶯣½𶯣½ǿն𶯡
ͬʱڳÿһ𣬴¡Ϣ飬͸꣬ڲǾŽʦʦܣ׽ڵȸ߽ʦܶ⡣
ͬʱλҲһ۾ﶼ˸˲ɶֹ𺧡
ۣ
˲䣬ʮֽͬɵһ㣬ͨͨ𣬻ΪˮһĽš
飡
һ޷ÿһͷ𣬾ͷ·Լһ㡣
ÿһ˶֪Բһ޷ֹ
ô£
ʲôˣ
ô
һ̣ÿһ˶϶ɶֹ¶˾
ͬʱڳҲַ·
䵶
ڴʱϻͬʱʧ찡䵶Ѿʧô֣
Ѱʣ̸Ӧ˷ϻõ
ж֮ϵ
ôܣͷ϶¶֮ɫʲôȻܹжʶϵ
Բţ
ϻúͷ˵䵶ʲô£
䵶ʲô
أ
ֲľ֣Եй𣬡ءһͬ⵽ɽײ˳ȥûˡ
áһ̣϶ʧɫ
磬ֹϼ˵
ֹˣ䵶Ϲŵ֪˭һʩչ޷ֹΪ⵶Ǹ½ݻ̴һʩչܹ½˭Ҳֹˡҡͷ˵
ô죿Щܻ
ɡ̾
ԣϺ϶Ĭ
¡
Ϲž̨Ȼһɲɴȵɨ
ˡһ
Ϲž黯һɫ£䵽龺̨һС
⣿
ϽʧɫţǵȻ޷ɹԣԺذεˡ
ô£
ʱͷָֹͣһ⣬Ƕ徺̨ϵľ󣬷·һһУ֪һС
磬ô£Ϻ϶ǾɲҪ֪ǿǾŽ۷ʦܣֽ½۷ߣûκܹ赲ǣȻ޷ϤعԣǾ
Ҫص
磿Ϻ죬أûѰȥ
ݣߺ͸ŴܶǾɲѰʲϣ˶ĬѰʡ
̫Ϻ߳϶ʮֵǳԣ˶Ҷʡ
˱Ѱʣ˶Ĭ֪һǷʲôԼ˻ܹ֪Щ
ȴ˵̨ع֣һУԺذε˶ľǳȻһᣬһ̣˾ͳһƽ֮ϣܿռ䶼ɫѩһƬʶ޷̽ܡ
һƬޣ
Ժذεһۣɻ
ذεüʵ
ذ֣㶼֪𣿡ü˵һӦʩչ׵ɵġ
ذεɻЦôܣ
Ҳɣˣղʩչʲôʵ
䵶ذεĬһ£Գ˵ӦңҪ׵ˡ
û⡣ˬĴӦʵذ֣׵ʲô֮
Ҳֻ֪ǵʦңҲҪʩչ⵶ǱϡذεЦ˵ֻһҪһսˣǰһУʦĸɡ
ԳĬһ£æܷͨϻöˡ
ԣôһ˷ϻõ
Ǻھ̨ˣʵ
ǵġϸϻһ˵Ƿ֪һЩϾ˿Ϲžʹڵ飬Ӧ֪һЩ
Ҳ֪Ļشܸɴࡣ
ڴϻõĻش𣬵û뵽ϻҲ˵֪
ϻãǿ֪䵶ٴʵ
䵶һ⻰ϻöǳĬ
ô£ɻʵ
˵ú˵
ϷҲšϻҲ˵
ǿ֪䵶飿ԼæʵоԼذε˳Ӧú䵶иϵ
Ȼϻúͷ˵֪
֪ԾҲ˵֪𣿡
˵ɣϷ򱻳ֻ꣬˵һЩ䵶Ϣӡڲֹ꣬Ϊ飬֪ӦñҶһЩϻó˵
ðɡͷʱĻȷʵҪϻøһЩΪӡѾܵϹ
ԣͷβסһ󼤶оҲԼ½ˡ
ںܾúܾǰʱҲ֪ʱħδ½ʱҵǰ˻ڣһλ߽ܣڵʱ½һĴܣҴԼǵãǰŷӡ֮ʱսܵС
֮Уһֲ׺ɣ컻صζһ죬˲֮
֮
ԣԺϻöһ
ѵǲ֮ˣԾ


905 Ԫ
ţ֮½һ֮ƣǰܹսҲһλŽʦܰϻ̾˵
ͷ˵һս½ǿУذǳ٣Ҷ
أȻ򵥣ҲһѪڵĸоæʵ
󣬲֮ʩչ䵶˵ذεСӸղʩչĵ
ʲô𾪵㣬ôû뵽ذε䵶ȻæѰʣһսΣ˭Ӯˣ
֪˵ڲ֮ʩչ䵶Ҿ˳˯֮Уֱ㷢Ϊֹ֪пѾˣ㲻ҵĳϡ
˯ʱϰꡣڷĬʱϻ˵һս½綼֪ûۼ˵˱֮ɱ֮ˣ³ǰԶ½ȥ½
˶٣ϻ˵֮ħ½дܴ췴Ϊ˷˺Ͳ֮½类ħܣ޷ֵҲһս˯֮С
˺Ͳ֮ʱڵĻħδܹ½Ҳн֮ˡϻø̾˵
ϻ˵̫࣬Ժһ
һ𾪣û뵽Ϲ֮ʱȴ·
ʣǷǰˣǲ֮½ʱǿĴڣΪ֪˰ħ½ʹ½û
룬Ծ겻ѡ
֣ôˣʱذεԾþòʵ
Ŷûʲô˼ô뿪æ˵
Ҹղſˣʲôûз֣Ǻסˡذεü˵
ԣһü
ϸ̽ȻԼذεסˡ
ô죿ذεüʵ
ܷ򿪡Գűзâ¶˵ط̫Źˣֻԡ
áذεͷͬ⣬˹ŵâˮˮһʣ⻪ҫۡ
ˡ
ȻһϷȽȽ
ʲôذε
Сһסֻ֡һɫĹϿջһߵΣ޲ࡣ
ʲôˣذεֱָţʵ
ˡһԵĳԿŹеΣоâ˸ûв´ĻӦ½Ĵ½֮顣
ʲô½壿ذε˼
ԿŹеΣû˵
ǹеη·һ˫۾һ㣬򳽻ԣĬƬ̣СһԳƺ֮顣
½壿ذεЩŵʵ
ûʲôֵģ飬½֪꣬ҲΪ֡ƽ˵ֻ֣ΪҪǶŪ
Сӣҵ͹ˡ֮˵ԭܼ򵥣Ϊ
ذ֣䵶ԭ򣿡Щʵ
֮Ҫö࣬Ϊ˵ˡ
㾹Ȼ֪һΣֵʧɫˣôû뵽ԼΪ˵ϢȻ֪֮
ҵ֮飬ֻҪ½һУ֪ģûʲô֪˵ġ֮˵һУҶָơ
ǱҲƶİɣԺȻʵ
ô˵֮
Ϊʲô˵ǱľУȻ˵ô࣬һһδǰͻ޷֮أ½˵ʲôô
Ϊʲô֮ԳĬһ£·Լ˵½Ҳ֪һЩɣ
޷ʦԺɵ½֪顣
֮͵ĶԳ˵Դħ½ܣǿ߷׷˳½Ҳûһʦͻʦ㲻𣿡
ѵϡԭ򣿡ɻʵ
ⲻǸԭҪ֪ǰ½м½ڵİٱǧֹħ˳½ʱҲûб֮˵
ѵ½½Ϊħ½Ծ
һ춯صϢΪ˶Ϊ½ϡԭ򣬾ħ½˽վ棬ʱħһսдĴܶ뿪½
Ȼǡ֮
һ⻰Բһ
֣㣬ǣһһϯذεѾ˵죬Ҳһ
ذ֣ϣܹܡ֣˵
֪ģҲκˡذεͷȻûгԴҲ֪ΪϢȥδҲ̫ˡ
³ȥ֮ڸ˵˵
áذεͷ֮飬ʵ֮飬½½ĸԭ򵽵ʲô
Ҳ֮飬ǰأڽս
Ϊȡ½ĻԪ֮Ȼ
ǣذεüʵ
˵ǣָ뿪½ЩܣԾ
ǡ֮ԹޣǣҲ½Ҳн֮档
ʲôذεһ½нյľ棬Ȼħ֮½Щɵġ
ߵĻԪʲôʵ
½ıԴ֮Ӧ֪½֮⣬֮Ĵ½磬½ֻ֮һѡ֮Ĭ˰죬˵浮֮羫Щ羫ǵ½ıԴҲǻԪ
ԪͺñߵĵһֻҪﱻƣ޷߱Ҳ˥ȥڴ½Ҳһ½ĻԪȡߣ½ͻһһ˥ϣճΪһҰ֮ء


906 ֮
½󣬲壬½˥ȥҲ֮˥ϣֱʧΪֹ֮̾˵Ϊ˷ֹ˥ϣҾͰвǱδǰ½ΪʵϾΪ˼½Ŭͳʦǿߡ
Ϊֻʦû뿪½ֻʦС֮˵һ˰ɣ
ԣذεĿ򳽻ԣȻûס
ͨǱַʽͳʦܣ뿪½ҵԪüʵ
֮˵СӴˡ
ȻŪʲô˼ذεʵ
Ҫǵİ֮
ǰ㣿ʲôЦֻʦѣʦûͻƣô㣿ذε
ǰԼ˵ˣҪͻʦҵԪʦǣ㣬Իǳȥɡ˵
½ûκܹҡ֮˵
λǰҲУüʵ
ǰǿɶǾŽ۷ʦܡذε
С֮Ļ˳Զ˵ϣ
Ϊʲôǣʵ
ܼ򵥣ذεС䵶֮˵䵶½һ˵ıֱи񷵶𣬼򵥵ĸ˵ɣ䵶Ψ½֮ſ
ʲô
⻰Ժذεһû뵽䵶Ȼ
˵ذε½֮ˣ
ٺ٣ĪСΪ䵶ʲô˶𣿡֮ٺЦ֪ذεСʦ˲ʮһ⣬ûгɹ⵶£ֻ㣬
˶٣֮˵ˣղҲ⵶֮¡
Σذʦǣô㣿˵Ұղ˵ģԪǱǰǿȡߵģڲ֪ǷڣţΪƾܹԸ𣿡
ֱοҲϡ½֮ذεæ˵
ҵȻ֪һС֮˵Ƿģȡ߻Ԫˣš
ԣЦ˵ĳڣûв´ĻǰѾǸ߽ˣôʲôΪǳǰһָָˣⲻʲô
СһҵȻ֪ƾذεСһ˲˵Ķ֣ⲻǻ𣿡֮·ųԣЦЦ˵·һֻꡣ
ңһ㶣ЦδҲ̫߿˰ɣұذֿǰȥҲҿɻ
ǺǣСһɲҪԷƱ½֮飬ֻҪƬ½壬ҶһΨ㣬ҿ͸֮ǺЦһһϣ飬ҿδš
ʲôذε𾪡
ʵ
Ҳ֪Ƭ½ϣ˵ܹ뿪½˾㡣֮ʮ϶½ڵҲ֪ûͻʦȴǿԡ
Ϊʲôô϶ʵ
֪Ҳڤڤ֮춨֮˵֮ϣһ˼飬ҲΪҾȻδҪ֪ҿ֪Ƭ½κһ켣
Դֺ󣬲㣬ߵˣҲΪĳ֣Ҳ켣ı䣬ʮ֮֡̾˵
ûκκôҲ֪ԼǷĿ뿪½һ䣬˵Ŀ滰Ȼ¾Ѫİȷʵ뿪½ûʮա
˵ǣ޹أǿɲȥذε˵
⣿֮ͣĬƬ̺˵ذεСӣѵ㲻Ϊ½Ҫ֪񷵶Ƭ½ˣϵ£Ψ𡣡
֮飬㿴ʲôʱ̯һӡϡ
ӡ֮Ȼϡ
Ȼ˵񷵶½ˣ޵УΪηӡȴԺ൱ʵ
ӡǸ⣬Ҫǽס˷ӡ֮˵
ôԲš
֪㲻ţȷʵˣӡľҲ֪һҺ½Ķ磬ҼпǳԸߵ硣֮˵
ڴԼһǰõ˷ӡΪˣ֮ǰֻһߣ˭֪һ꣬ͳΪ˾Ž۷ʦǿߣ꣬Ǵﵽ񷵶ȼĵز֮˵
ԣĬȻȴҲ⣬ռ俰֮Դκǰٳ߸ͷٶ˵İٱǧֹҪ֪ǿϹʱ
ڽգռٶȣҲʮܹġ
ԼڷռδûͻʦĿܡ
ʱҲһһꡣ
ڳ˿һɾ;Ž۷ʦܣֱ٣ڳԿӵзӡȴ̫ˡ
ǰ츳ҲֻѰ
֮Ļ챾ӦǳԽʦľ磬ǲ񷵶Ҳˡ
һԵذε˵һδҲ̫ˡ
ʱ֮˵ԣӵзռ㣬ҲܹһڣͻʦذεСӣҵԪ½ָķ٣ǰ½һе磬ڸʮ綼Ǻġ


907 ռ䱾Դ
ʲôϵ˵˵ɣҰ㣬ʲôô
Ҫô֮Щ㵵
Ȼûкôƾʲô㣿Ц
һԵذεҲ˵ǰȡ߻ԪôǿҪ߻Ԫ죬û뵽ĺôǵȻ
ذεСӣΪ½֮ⲻĺô𣿡֮Щߵ˵
ɣǳأذε˵
ԣذεѣġ֮˵
Ҳᣬ෴һסȥһ˵
㣿㾿ô֮ŭ
롣Գ˵ɣ˵˵ܸЩôܷңҲ֪һʮ֮˾Ż飬û㹻ҿɲ
˶٣Լ˵ȻҲ֪ӵзӡҾ͸㣬һȻҲһͻʦȻ뿪½
Σ֮˵ߣСӣֱѪʵɣͻʦûҵİҲ뿪½Ϊ½ĴֻҲ֪
˵գ֮ǺһЦԵЩ⡣
ô¾ѪɡЦЦһֻһħ¾Ѫߡ
ħ壿ذε¾Ѫʱ󾪡
μˡ¾Ѫĳų԰ݵ
ذ֣㲻ҪţѾҡԺЦ˵
Ȼװħۣ޹ֺһܹɱôవħ壬ԪҲϡذε˿˵
šذεûʲôġ
ģҲ˵ȥġذεԼæ˵
ԭСħ֪ˡ֮һ˵ͨħٻʽ뿪½
ԺЦ˵
һ࣬һħؽ磬ͻᱻǷ֣ʱҪ˵㣬СħҲ֮˵
Ǻǣҿһħ뼴ħҲֲҰɡЦ
㣿һ̣֮ԳһֲִĸоԼͰղס
ˣڸңܹóɡһ֣¾Ѫռ䣬ЦеĶ֮˵һĶҿɿϡ
ذε죬û뵽˵ȴѾݣ٣ǳĴٰңٵĶ֮飬ǱȴʦĸǿһЩ
֮⻰Ҳ߲ѣȴǳĬ
ã˵֪һЩϹܾʲôطҿԸ㡣
ĳԲӦһ㣬֮ջЩϹܾкܶ౦Ϲѧݡҩ֮Ǹ߽ʦܣҲõĻʦ͸ˡ
ԣЩ˵
㾿õʲô֮ЩŭˣоЩ̰ˡ
Ҫռ䱾Դ˵
ⲻܣռ䱾ԴԷ֮УյıԴһõܹõģҲռ䱾Դܻ֮
Ȼ֪ЩЦ
ʲô˼֮ʵ
ֻҪһռ䱾ԴĻᡣЦ˵½壬ֻҪԷᣬӦǺܼ򵥵İɣ
ãҸ㡣֮·ҧгݵʲôҪһ˵ɣ
ûˣЩ˵
ûˣ֮Բš
˵ˣذֽ½֪֮Ҫôʵ
⡣֮˵
ԣذεҲǼѡ
ˣСӣ㻹ģǰɣ㵽½ܷ֮ռͿ컯ˡ֮˵
û⡣ǰһЦ
ˣ
һʣһȦɫâ򳽻ԡ
ʱֻǰһΣ嶼ܿơ
һ̣ǰһܣֻһƬǳ
ⲻǳһſ
Щ½֮磿ԿŽ£Լͷ·½һ㣬һһŵķ·ǳ壬һ½磬һЩâһЩһְһЩ
£½ûйâͬķϵһ㡣
ûκ
½龰
һۣԲһãĸо
ܴ½֮Уһųһ㣬˿ۡ
ЩӦþǵͼ磬һЩľм硣
ڲ֪Զǿգһż򣬾ںǿ֮Уͺһűʯһ㣬ʮֵˡ
ߵ磡
ʣǿһߵ硣
ȻңԶҲоǺ嫵ϢǰԼ΢
½ǿǳֱө֮⡣
ֻǿǳֲ½˲ֹٱǧ

˿˼ڵԼ̫ˡ
½ֻһ͵綼㲻ϵȴҲܹоŽ۷ʦĴڣô͵磬ٶʦڣڳԿֹڴˡ
컯˾ʦ֮󾳽硣
ǰͲ񷵶ǳԽʦﵽ󾳽Ĵڡ
ô͵綨Ȼǿе͸ߵأ
ǿ£
Ŭ
¶ģԼֻŬܹ߳½ʶĹ硣
磬½ֻһ֮ضѡ
Ҳ½֮ض㲻ϡ
һԳʼ
ռ
½ģָܹоõ
ȴûиоϢ뵽ûиоҲʲôֵ顣
ڣҪռ
Ȼ½Ѿ˥䣬Ͼһе磬ǿƣżԻ͵ľ
Ϊһ磬Ȼ߱


908 ռ
ԡȻԡ
ЩܹԸоѸоģƮһĴڡ
ռ֮У֮һ
ʱΪռΪ
ʱ䲻ռΪ
ԷʱͿռΪΪ𣬶ʱĻǾԿռΪΪ
һ㣬ͿԿռҪԺ
˵ϸ˵ûмһռ䱾Դõ֤ڴС
ǳԣǷǣǺ
ǣռ츳Ҳںסοռ侧˺ռ壬ҲֻܹռԽѣž㲻ϡ
ԣԿռѹء
Աһԡ
Ļᡣ
Ȼᣬͱεİס
վ½ģһһ㡣
ϣһ˿ı飬ɮž޲
ռ
ڳԵľ磬ڲݻ񽣡
ףԼֻżȻ˾񽣣˿ռԣԭҲ֪Ҫռ䱾Դ͸Ӽѡ
ԣͨռĿǰѸݵķʽ
ʱһһš
ڴʱĳ˵·ûʱĸ
һжƽͣ
ܹԵ½һУݾ½أһƬ󺣰ռ˴ռ䣬󺣣ȻǶϡĺ
·߹ԡ
һָо״
Ҳ޷˵ָоҲǶһָɡ
һ̣о½ı仯ʢ˥
У½ǲ׺ɣ仯Ī⡣
ǿռı仯
Ժ񽥽ʲôҪץסץסһ˿ĸо
һжڱ仯ֺûб仯
ﶼƶֺûƶ
·ţַ·ûţ
һ̣ԶԷ壬½Ƿ仯ˡ
֪ȥá
ƶֹͣ
һ˵ĸоڳͷ
ˣ
ͻȻԵĽ־ͻףʱһɺƴĽ־
һ̣ԵĽ־ڶˡ
ֻ·һ⣬У·½Ϊһ塣
׼ȷ˵ռںһ塣
ৣ
һӣԲټʧƬء
ˣ
ֻһӰ˳ǳ˭
ǿռ𣿡ĿӲӣ˫֣
һĻˡ
ֻԵ˫־ȻʧΪһû˫ֵˡ
һ̣˫ֽ֡
һжԵúȻ
ڳԵ֮УȻһſռ䱾Դӡ
ĵͺһʮɫ壬硢桢ࡢǡռ䣬ɫʣӳˡ
ռ䱾Դ
ʣ
Ծͺһǳһ£ʧ½ġ
ৣ
һ̣֮ǰ
ˣ֮鿴ųԣЩȵ
Եͷ
ܺãҾ͸ܹӲǸСõԪˡ֮˵
磬Ǹȡ߻Ԫˣʵ
ǵģȡ߻Ԫ½Ҳн֮档֮
ңʲôΪԳʵ
ߵʦߴ󾳽磬ֻ½ߵĻ֣һ֪𣿡֮ʵ
֪滹컯˾һ󾳽磬ÿһַΪСС硣ƽ˵
֮˵ǰǿߣȥлԪİΪѾﵽһǳֲľء
㿴һǸ磿üʵ˵Ǻܼ֣ǲһǰΪһ˭֪ʲôΪ򵥵˵һֻһʱ䣬Ҳɾˣοһˣ
֮˵
ԣͫ׶ʱһס˵ȷûпЦΪƾҺذεˣܹһԪ
ûС֮·ҡͷԳ˵ʵϣ⻹ֻҶ͵жϣΪﵽ컯
һ⻰Լ˵ǽȥ
Ǻǣֺγ֪Ψһϣ֮ЦԲ츳һ꣬ҲͻҲֻʦ˻ԪͲһˣΪԪ½֮ԭʼĶ֮
֮ɻʵ
浮֮汾Դǧ֮ǧ֮дС֪ݻͳΪ˴½Ļ籾Դߵ磬СľͳΪ͵磬һ룬ܹĶһ˵õǻ֮˵
ԡҡҡͷ˵˵ĻҪΪǿ߾ͼ򵥶ˣЩʵˣֱԪͿ𣿡
Ԫֻбſںϡ֮˵ȷ½ĻԪõܹ½֮˵õʯͷû𣬶ҡһҪء
˵֮·ʲô֮
ʲôʵ
ʯ֮ҲȷǱõԪҲ޷ںϣлʯ
ʯʲôԼ֮أ֪ʯͨĶ
˵汾Դǧ֮δȫתΪ֮ʯͷǻʯıԴ֮˵
˼˵õ˴˵еĻʯüʵˡ
ȻֻҵĲ²⣬ǲڴȡ߻Ԫ󣬲δ뿪½Ǳչأһ֮ɾʦܣ½ʦǿߣ쳼ˣ뿪½֮˵


909 ѰҲ
˶٣֮Щ𾪵˵ֻδ̫죬֮磬½ֻһе磬ʯôֻʦΪĲõ
һд˵Ҳ˵˵
Ҳɡ֮˵Ҳ֪ӲõԪϣʮС㣬һϣܹһԣϾҺ½ϣ
⻰һԤУʵˣ½ô
ûô֮Ц˵½֮飬ҶĻô½Ȼʧ棬Ϊϡ
½أԼʵ
Ȼһ֮˵
ԣһӴסˡ
֣㾹ȻȳˣʱذεϿ˳
֮ǰȣòδı䣬ȴףĿ࣬ͭɫļڷ͸ŴԹУһ󵶣Ͽ̡䡯֡
ΪעǣһʮԵʣͶ֮䣬Ȼ˳
ʳϣ·Ŀһ㡣
ȴ·ûзһ㡣
֣ذε˷ǰ
ţذ֡ѹذε΢΢Ծ仯֮󣿡
ٺ٣ҲоԼ仯ͦˣһӳ˲٣ҪҸоԼͻʦԶˡذεЦ
ϲˡ˵
סԣذεСֻһǧʱ䡣֮˵
һǧʱ䣬ʲô˼ذεɻʵ
ˣЩСԻ㣬ȳȥɡ֮˵ס֮£øߵˣ
סԵͷҪ˵Ȼһͼ˳ԺУͬʱ֮ЩϹܾҪĻͰյͼȥҡ
лˡԵ
ˣڿԳȥˡذε˵
ˡ
ȻһƮϯڳԺذεϡ
ৣ
һ̣ԺذεԼվ˾̨ϡ

˲䣬Ҳǿ˾̨ϵһС
ô£
ղŷʲôˣ
ǰ̫ˣֱǷ˼
˶ųԺذεˣ𾪡ȡɻɫĪһǣɻ󲻽⡣
ྲ
ڴʱϸ˵ԣذεǶ˼ԣ
ԣԡذε˿˲һۣ˶²⣬Ҳ˲ʲô֪֮ĻӦþ½Ĵˡ
ʶǲŻֵƽ
ͨҸʰ·硣ذεе䵶ӰǱŹŵ˵
ذ֡Լæ˵
֣ҸҪһʤذε˵ҸоԼͻʦˡ
л˵
ǺǣҪ˵ллҲӦңһҪ뿪½ҵءذεЦ
Իʤʿ
ʲô
˽֣ݲߺ͸Ŵ޲Ȼ
ɶذεô£һսôͲˣ
ǰذεʵδزǳԵĶ֡
̫ɶˣذεֱǹˮ
ݲ߶ŭݺͱݲߡŴܡ
Ϊһݾûκλˡ
ݣսǰ
ҲζŶݵ½Ҳᱣ״

Ȼݲߺ͸ڸɶǸޱȣЩ겻˵ʦܶǼᣬĸп򳽻ԵĿ⣬ࡣ
̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
첻Ҷݰ
Ҿ֪ǲʧġ
ֱǶݵĽ
һɲǣ׷Ӷݲߺ͸ų߿˵⳽ԶЩӦ
̫ˡ˷ܵ
Ӯˡ˶ʮָˣ
ûйǵ̫˵
ǰذεΪʲôͷˣ̫ɻʵ
ҲΪղŷһЩɡ̫ϵ
ˣܹ˵ǶһϢҾͰ̫߳ϻ˵
ͬʱŴҲԽϢš
ɶذεǱôͲˣĿ𣬺޲ýذεһɱˡ
Ͳһ޼ɺ˵
˵ذεʶˣΪǳ˵ġ粻һɫ˵ҲãԴ
һҪ޼
Դ硣ŷѩϲһ˫ַǰĿʵĿųԣǰ⡣
ߡȻŷѩ飬һ㣬Ŀ⿴򳽻ԣȴǳ˲һɫʡ
Ȥ˳һۣĵ

ذε䣬̱Եɣһɺ嫵ķ
һ˲䣬Եжʮɳڼ޼ɡ粻Ǻͷ˵֮ϡ
Ͽգӳһۣ˵ռ֮
˿ռôܣϾ
ͷǵĺռ岻һ˿ռ˵
ԣϺ϶ͷ
ˣȻǰѾ˵ˣ˾ͲҪȥˡϵ
ǡϺӦ

һ𣬴˷Ϲžڡ
¡¡
̨£ȡ֮һɷԲľ̨Ҳǻֺޱȣ
ֻ˵Ǳϰ볡˽ڿʼ°볡ԡ
ǣ
ԡ޼ɡ粻Ǻͷ˶Ӧ
°볡ԣȡսģʽǱǰͬʱ÷˵˭


910 ս粻
ৣ
ȫһӾһʶԾչ
粻һ̤Ʒ۾˿飬˳һۣǹһ˿Ū
ৡһ¡
ֻԭһԣͳ˾̨ϣ˵˭̨ҷ粻һս
޼ֻһЦ˫ֱǰų̂˼
ͷ粻ͳһսߵˣҪɱԣȻǰϡ
£ǷǺͷŮ
ǶԷ粻ð֪ԼͼȻûȺͷ粻һս뷨
ˣ˼޼ɺͷǶһۣĿ䵽˳ϣֺ߲΢΢ü
̨ȴǼ粻ƵĿ⿴򳽻ԣЦ˵ԣܹɱԪ棬ʵɼһߣɸҺһս

˻һȫ䶯˵Ŀⶼ˳ϡ
Ƕû뵽粻̨
ֵÿ֡
û뵽粻ȻԣǳҵԤϰ
Ⲣ֣粻һֱԷ˼˭֪ǸǶԳԷ粻֮ɱ˳ԶǺõġ
˻Ȼƣ˵粻һˡ
ٺ٣һԶˡ
粻ȻԣǾûзŹ˼֪Ըԣ뿴
һ˾ۿ
ˣվھ̨ϵķ粻ɫưǴһ˿֮⣬˿˿Ĺâ˵ô

ƣƣ
˶򳽻ԣ֪Ƿܷ粻ս
ã̫ˣôţ޸˷ǳųԣĿдŷмԱ粻龰
Сˡ˶Է粻ǷŭѣȴǱԹ򣬷ġ
ͳ϶˶ԴܳΪĿ꣬ȻϣԱܣȴԸ粻С˴ܣΪˡ
粻̫ɶˣ֪ԴŷѩߵĿ˷粻һۣĵĿųԡ
֣ҿɵĺϢɲҪʧ·ذε뿪Ц˵
һС˶ѣȻҪҾЦ
˵ʲô粻һ࣬г˺⡣
ҽս˵
ã㹻粻ҧгݵСӣҷ粻ڣҾͲǷ粻
ҹ˭ɡ
˵䣬Ѿ˾̨ϣޱĿŷ粻˵ܹɱԪ棬Ҳܹɱ㡣

粻оԼζˣҲܲסеŭ𣬴һ˫ģ羪İһ򳽻ϯȥƺƴ󣬷·ҪһٽԴܡ
ʣ
ֻ罣ݺ齣£ҫ̨·뱻ֳ롣
ɱս
һ֣粻ûֱ֣ʩչһϹŽʮɳӨӨλΣӿԭҰ򳽻ӿƵӿһ㣬֮һнԱ𣬿ռ䶼֧飬羵ˮ¡
ɱ
粻ǴЦȻƵڽϵҲǵΪһͨʩչһ
հν
⣬罣лߣ齣һӣ貵ĽһţӰ
ȻӦսҲûֵ˼
οҲѵһ·粻
ȻҪĿĻΪĥһ¿ռ䱾Դ
ȴҪ˽һ·粻ʵ
ݣ
罻֯糤ڰ赸һ㣬ۼֻǴݳıɱ⣬ȴͷһݡ
һжúܿ죬˶û뵽ôӦսˡ
Ϊһս粻ķҲ΢΢һ㶣ܿͻָɫҲʶһЩԺͷ粻ʵ
ȹսȳˣԿˡ
޼ɼˣϴЦ
΢΢üȴû˵ʲô
ŷѩȴǴǡ
Եʵͷ粻£
ߣŸտʼѣʵûУǻʲôһҿȻǷ粻Ķ֡
粻ǿߣһԻ򲻰
˶˽粻ݲߣȻųܹܷ粻
λ̫ϳϣǿԺͷ粻˭Ӯʵ
ʤϡ̫߳˵
СȻͻƾŽʦҸоʵӦòֹڴˣֵԶķ粻սֺԤ⣬һԾҲ˴š̫˵
ʵڲоСˡ̫ûзԣǺͬ
ԣ˶ףݽǰѾ嶤ϵˡ
һǷܷ粻嶼󣬳һʵ
Ȼܡ
ԽԽǿˡŷ
ǻҪŬò˶೤ʱͱ˦ˡ޵ип˵ҽ츳ǿˡ
ҲǡŷҲ˵
̨ϣ⽻֯ķ
粻ĽʮʩչĶϹŽ޵оŽ£һ֮С
ȴǲܺͳλȡ
ԵȻһЦ·δ粻С
ߡ粻һҪɱˡ
ˡ
ڴʱһɺƴĽ־ӳϴݳһʱ䵽ǽ
ʱ粻Ƶ־ܵѹơ
׽־粻¶𾪣ŵ˵ô
ꡱһ
յĽȫʧ˳Խ¡
־ͻףһһʽǿ
˵˿̵ĳԣѾ߱˳ʦʸ
ҲǳԵһ㣬֮ǰҪǰıԡ
Ŀ겻ǰǵһ
ռ䱾Դ־ͻ׵ĳԣĴʱ˺ȫ߱£ȡһֱǴ
οҲǲνĽ


911 ʲôֶ
ءһ
ֻ粻˳ȥ
ʲô
ˣ˶վ
һν棬粻·磿
õģ粻Ƶ֣ڽϲڳԣûʲôġ
粻һʩչƷԾŲˡ
˵Ķԣһ³Ծͻᱻ粻ͬ
ٲ߶οԼǿɲųܹܷ粻Ļǿñɡ
һȴͬǿļ붫УĴ
ߣ
ֻǷ粻ȴһ࣬ݺݵĿų˵㲻Ҫ⣬ҾҪúõĽѵ㡣
粻㲻Ҫˣʲô¾ͳͳʩչɡˬ˵
㡭
粻ֱӱŭҵƵ޿ǣ˵ϢΡɽԵͣƷ磬͸ռ䣬ͬһ㡣
ɣ
һ߹ԪһƸ򳽻ԣֻ졣
ལ⣡
⣬̵ʱܷ粻
ৡһ¡
һɫ齣Ʒûռ䣬ֽһ㣬֮ӡϣһ죬ӡ籡ֽһ㣬һΪৡһ£һţ粻
ʲô
粻ʧɫɱؽ
ֻ޽Թ͸©һɹϢѭһԵĹ켣ɱ˳ȥ
ۣ
һ΢죬ལͱȥ
ˣ΢΢ԾԼǵ͹˷粻ϾǸ콾ܹɱԪ棬ʵʵڵ¾ѪİԪµǷأҲδܹɱ
ٺ٣
粻ӵ⣬¶ɭ׵ݣ·ǳԶ˳ԡ
ɱؽ
һɱУ粻ƽԣ޾Ʒͬİһӿ죬ҷǳ
񽣣
ɫȻ·δСɿռ䱾Դӿ齣һӣ֮Ŀռǣ˴Ϣ·һ㡣
һ̣ʱΪռΪԹչֵ쾡¡
粻һ̼ͱƽ⡣
ռ̨£һֱעԵķǳһ˵ôܣ緭ռξںϣѾɾͺռ壬ԿռգʹȴܹͿռ䱾Դȡ
ǣ֮ǰԿɻûռ䱾Դ
ӵĿ˳һֿۣذεһۣǾһжղǹŹֵһйأֻǲϽֹ
ղһڶϣʲô顣
Ȼǿռ䱾Դ
ϲǾŽ۷ʦܣһ۾Ϳ˳ĿռǱԴǵĿռ
ֻǻһۣ֪еĹؼ
֮ǰȻ˾񽣣δռ䱾Դ뵽ںذεԳֵ־棬Ͳ󣬳ǵõˡˡʶ
һȷ²⡣
ǣλŽ۷ʦܣԿ̬ԣƽ֮⡣
ֺ֮ǰǿˡ循
˶ͷ
˵һ¡̫߳Ц
ţ粻ɲôˡ̫ϵͷ˵
Դʵǿˣŷѩ˸Ĺ󣬿˵Ӱ˵
ɶ񣬷粻̫ˡ޼ɫпʼɷ粻ܹܳ
ԳǻĶѾ˵ĿжǼɵ֮ɫ
ȤĿ˳һۣ˵
Ƿԭ𣿡ֶųԣ
Ӿ
ݵжڵŴܰԼֱȷǵĿռҪ£һɳĻԼžв
֣ĺãҺݺݵĽѵذεԸһ£ǱȽϺˬ̨´е
Կذεһۣͷ̾һռ䱾Դ񽣵ǿһֹ򲻻粻һ촽һֿԼʳ
ǿռ粻ӭųԵ񣬻һ飬𾪵ôռ
񽣣
ûκλһԾ罣۽粻һǾʩչ˳ȥ
ûŶ
粻һԪȣ񱩵ϢϿӿͬһͷޣ˵ĹâƹͷӿȥƲһ㡣
Ԫƣ
Ԫƣ
Ԫƣ
һֻ粻ƿǣԶ۾ͬһˣսϣһ˲䣬ʩչʽƷ
䡭
ɲǣɾ̨Ǳը

һХ顣
ԣҿ㻹ʲôֶΣ粻ſ˵
ˡ
ʱֻϿպȻһֻһƬǿճϷ߿籦ʯһǳңɢһɺ嫵ǳ֮

һ̣𳽻Ե
ͬһǣȽȽ𣬶Ŀ䣬⻪ˡ
â˷粻ϡ
ৣ
齣Ѿ˱һ£ǳ£ɨ£أرһ㡣
ضһ¡̨ڲ
ƾСҲԸҷ粻ˡ粻ŭһĿ˱ƹȥҷһѤõĹۡ
ƣ
һȣͰԵƾԷ粻ϴݳ¶ϣ֮ӭǳ
һʽƷʮѸݣ磬֮ƣ˲γɣһأĽ֮ơ
أ
ӡǳ˲顣
Сӣҿӣ粻

ˣ˻Ȼ粻Ǹ콾Ȼǳոǿܹġ
˶ݣݲߺŴܶЦԣ˵Ϊǡ
öʿŭѣӵǳԣŷѩͷǶŮ


912 С粻
޼ɼŷѩӵǳԣеŭ͸ʢˣݺݵĶųԣЦ
ৣৣৣ
һû˿ͣͣˮ
ֻǳҶ£ͬ콵ʯһ㡣
ǳƣƣ
粻ЦЯ޾Ƶƣȥһ鳽Ե˵ǳҵǳ
һƴ޾ǳͬˮһк£ϯգ·Ҫǿû
׽־
ʣ
ͬһʱ伤ɽ鱬綼ǽХ˷ǳͬǷɽƿն߿űһйɵһ𣬺ǳԡ
һ̣սħŭһ㡣
ء
һ춯صıըɴɵǳһ৶¡
¡һ
ֻ粻ݺݳ£ɳȥ䵽˾̨ء
粻֪ǳҵıǳ˰ɣЦ
ԣ粻ŭ
˭˵ܹȴûУ粻̬˵ҿһֻСѣûв𡣡
㡭Ҫɱ㡣粻Զʱˣٵĺе
ˣýˡԷ·δŵ˵
޾ɽƣ
Ȼ粻ѾɥʧǣޣЯƵƳ򳽻ԣʩչ˵ɱУɽӣ˫һӣƷ棬ϯգ嵽·һ£һжˡ
ྫ֮
ڰУһǿߣبŲӿ౾ԴӿɫΣɱ粻ľ硣
ˣ
粻ľһ̸оˡ
򳽻ԣЦҵľ־ⲻܣ
ûʲôܡԵĵ

δ䣬粻̷һҽУӿֽͬһɫֵͫ׽־ôܣ·ʳԣԼ
أ
һ˵꣬ͬһ㣬˳ȥ

һĻʱȫȻ
ৣ
Ȼ˾ȵĻں档
ֻԱ֮粻
㡭粻ԣ㣬ޱߵĿ־ͬˮһû
أ
Ǿ㵵ĿУץ˷粻һȭһȭϣѪ³ݱ䣬°Ͷˡ

ס֣
С֣ϷҪ
һڵĴܶʱʧɫ
ء
ȻԷ·ûһ㣬Է粻ȭߣͺߴ޻һ㣬һҽȴˣڴһˣ˻Ƿ粻
찡粻ˡ
ⲻܣⲻܣ
ôǿǸ콾粻
˶ţʧǲ֮ɫ
粻˭
ǿǹһ츳곤ϣŽʦ콾Ҫɾ͸߽ʦܵǿߣȴԱ򣬾ͬͷһ㣬ȫִߣ·û˻ɳԵ粻һĲҽõ֤
ܹһ콾ҽУ֪
ǣֻ޼ɫ࣬䣬ҧ죬űԱķ粻Ӳ³֣
ǺŷѩŮſСڣĿɵôģǲԼ۾
ôܣ˫ĿԲ°Ͷˡ
ñҲһȵģ˵
ãȴܲѣȭȡ
̫Ϻ߳ϼ˶̾
ৣ
ֻһץ粻죬˰УζĿ˵粻ıδҲ̫˰ɣ
㡭ۣ粻ͷ棬ף۾׵ϸߣһţѪųԣ߷ߣ죬һѪߺ޵˵ԣҪɱҪΣͿ춯֣Ҫң
һ̣粻ҿ˵Ŀ⣬Ķˡ
ߣ粻Ҳɱ㣬ֻҪ㣬ûʵͲҪţǺصġһ㣬Ŀһڷ粻ɨоնƬˣڲͬһֻܵŵС¹
ءһ
ֻһѽ粻ӵ˵ϡ
һ˲䣬ϿգԵһХɽӣһھͽ粻ɵ
һʮɵھϿգ֣·ǿհһ㡣
޾ϯ£˶š
ˣ
һᣬһɺ粨ϢԳϴȥϯ˷粻졣
ԣǲǽҵĳġ粻һ̶ͣһݻѸ뿪˾̨һ˲ûȺУټ
һΣǶˡ
Կ϶ԼΪеЦֱĸķ粻ݣ޲õڸȥ
һӣһЦʹӶʿб˳
Ǹ콾粻𣿿Ҳ˰
ԣǸèһһ
˵Ĳ粻ܹͳԱȣһεġ
һ̣ݲ߾ۿǶԷ粻ĳ
˿̣á
ԭֻһ㣬ǾǳԴܷ粻ҲζŶݽĽ뱾Ǳڶ
Ǽ޼ɣǷǡŮݲߡ
ԣԴܷ粻ǽ˵ڶλá
ɺޣ
һ̣ݲߺŴܶǱ䣬ȴֻĬĬܣΪ˵ʵ粻ȷʵܸ˳ԡ
ȻǲԸţʵˡ


913 ս
ذε峽ЦЦ
鵭Ȼʳü֮䣬һϢЦ崺ĸо
ⶼΪ˿ռ䱾Դ
λ룡Կ޼ˣ˵
ৣ
˶޼ɡǺͷˣ֪ˣ˭ӭսԣ
Եʵ̫ǿˣ¼޼˶ɵˡ
ǰܹܷ粻񣬿ͻʦԶˣ޼˼ɵҲûе
ζǴ˰
޼˶ûڵһʱ̨˵ĵۡ
ɶ⳽ʵ̫ˣܷ粻ǰɵӣ϶˺֣ڳʤ㲻󣬻÷ǺͷŮ˳֣ҺÿСӵĵЩ޼һĮȻ˫ֻ·²ѣ߸߹һ㡣
˼ˣ֪޼ûгֵ˼΢죬û뵽ưļ޼Ҳʮּɵ԰
˵Ŀ䵽˷ǺͷŮϡ
ߣǺͷŮֻһۣͿ˼޼ɵĴ㣬һ㣬ԽƲˡ
ɡڷǳɵʱֻƣ˳
ӯɣǧ˿٣һ£ͼͬһƮ䵽˾̨ϡ

˳һû뵽ǷڶӦսϸϸһˡ
޼ɼɵԻƣҳ֣ǣ˶ĳԳĪ㺣Ȼڶ֣ôֻзˡ
Ȼ˵Ŀ⡣
ڵһ͵ڶУĬĬţ󲿷ֵ˶֪ˣû뵽һͱֳ쳣ǿʵܸ콾ֶΪȳһĺС
ңǻζ˶
룡ԼǷֻ΢΢Ծ㹰˵
ԭΪ޼ɻᰴͲס̨Ӧãû뵽ȻóԲɸ߿һۡ
Եǲ㼧޼ɡ
෴ϵˣǷ
Ůõͨ죬ʵ˷ʤ
һ㣬볽ԵλñһǾ־΢ᶨߣͻױܡ
δ˽ʵ֮ǰԲ
ֻµҲֻгˡ
οҲԼģλñģĴоǼ򵥵ľѧ

һԷϴ
Ϣ
վ׾覵峺˫ͬŮһ㣬Ķ֡
ʱԾ͸оǰľһ䡣
վһĵɽУҡҷСϪɫԭҰϣǰˮ¡ֻһӵٲ৶£ǧһˮ飬̶еˮ峺ܷʡ
һжܰ꣬Եþ׶Զ
ৣ
ϷһԲʯϣһޢ껪Ůӣǰһ١

˫һָС̵ݳСϪ򳽻ԣһʮ˵ζˣԾС
֮Уվڲݵһ·һһ㡣
ԣĽ
ʱŮ̧ͷ¶һŽྻϾȻǷ
ԼĻģǳԣҲҪ·κɱ¾֮ġ
ȻȴǵȻһЦ
Цʲôһ˿죬˵ԣĽ
еĽ£ԵȻһЦһ˵㵯ĲϧĻ̫ˡ
ܵӰ죿ⲻܡ
ǺǡԵȻһЦȴǲ齣Ӷˮһ㱼

ݵʧˮ̶ʧٲʧɽʧһжʧ
Ȼվھ̨ϣ棬һԾ
һĽȴʵڣ
ն
ˣһ䣬һӣͼһºХһƬ²ϯȵһ볽֮ľ롣
ûõģóĻɣơսǰŲƶˮһͬǧ˿һ㴵¡

һ죬¾ͱ顣
Ԫ
鵭ȻԪϯ׽ʶʣһ߶ɽһ㣬ƺƴ
¡
ɿռʱ𶯣ռ佫֣ٶ˫ͬǦһ㡣
ʲôǵһκͳԽ֣Ȼȴδ̣ռ䣬ɫ䣬ϾǴֶܻ֮Ůųԣ߳һһӣŮ裬һֵĻ

ǷĵƣһмǿĻܹе
趯Ľͬȶ˵Ů裬Կͺһ
޾
ڳԵͷһɿ񱩵˳
ɱ
һɭӳԿдֻڷ裬̧ͷŷ˫ͨ죬ͬһޣƺ˶ɡ
ɱ¾
޾ɱ¾ӳϴһѪĺۼԳΪģӳȥ
ʱ¡¡
ֻ޾ɱ¾ͺɽһϯû
ɱ
һֻѪ죬·ѪͬһѪħɱķ
ôʧɫޱȣôû뵽ĵ׵Ȼɱ¾
һȴֻг֪һɱԪΪڱ
һһֱĵףû֪
񱻷̾ͬɽ緢һ㣬𶯻ҰХķ÷޷ֵ
أ
˿̣һŮӣһ޻һ㱻׷˳ȥ


914 ɱ¾
¡¡
ֻ޾ɱ¾ͬһû˲ͽ嵴˾̨أһһѪɭס
ʲô
һĻʱ𾪣˭û뵽Ȼܵ˿졣
ʮ
ӿʼڣԴֻܷʮʱ䡣
˻
˶һ
ǿɱ¾
ǰû뵽⳽ԾȻɱ¾صú
̫ǿˣԭΪֶܻķѾǿˣû뵽ԱǿǾŽʦĻҶΪʦˡ
һ˲䣬˾˿
һΣ޼һ࣬ų˵
ʲôʱɱ¾ɱ¾ͳԽΣȴ֪Ըûɱ¾ǣüѪħһĳԣü˵Щԡ
ħˡȻ˵
Դ硣ŷѩԿ˫ĿѪ죬ϻ齣ܿʶβԣæԴ磬ס֡
ԣһʱ󾪣̫ϣԺ񲻶Ծ
ãħˡ̫Ͼ
ħˣȻһλһڴܸ˵ħ֮Уң߳ͻΪһֻ֪ɱ¾ˣϷ̻ɱû硣
ѾħϣɥʬǣҽҲɱ
ɱ˳ԣǡ
ԣɱ
һ˲䣬ݺݵĲ߶׷׽
Ըûɱ¾һǷûʹʵѾɱ¾ʴɥʬǣò˶ͻΪɱħͷλǰɱ¾ԣ簲ֻվ˻ߵĺɱ˳ԣ
ɱ˳ԣ
˻һݺͱݵĲ߶·𳽻ԳΪɱħͷһ㡣
ʲô
ԣŷѩ˶ɫ䡣
˵˵弱˵
ɱ˳ԣܿ죬ͱݺͱݲߵûˡ
Դ磬ѡŷѩæʶ˽
𣡡Ȼһ޺ŷѩ۵һһѪ÷˼æסѾˡ
ħͷɱһλʦܶǺ޳Ա粻̽к
𣡡
̨ϣԷХ쳤ХʮأŵĻǿµɱ¾
ۣ׵ķʱһѪͬ߷һ㵹ɳ̨
ݣ
һֻ̣ɱ¾֮ͬһ㼤˷

̨ܣĲߣ˲䱻ɱʮˡ
ãֹ
ЩŴɫ䣬˺Ϸɱ
ৣ
ֻһһλʦܱһ򳽻ԡ
𣡡
ڷɳ̨ɲǣͱԵɣһӴХͬʡ
ֻ޾ͬӹһ㣬ӿԵ壬ݣԵɽӡ
ˣ
һƥƴӳϵ
ৣ
˫ĿѪ죬ǣڷжɽӵƣһڴһ̻ӳһ
ɱ¾
ɱ¾ڳԶԪɱ¾
һݣѾԽ˳Ե
ۡһ
ֻӡֽͬɵһ㣬룬ԾͬһѪħͷ̤Ѫӹƽǹһڴܣâ¶аɣƺƵͬѪһһڴܡ
أ
ĿɿڴĿУһڴܱһУѪĽҽһ㣬˳ȥˤ˵ϣѪҺʣ׹ܼ
˻˼ˣһ
찡ϿнʦܣȻһˡ
̫ˣҿ˰
Ѿħϣɱ
ܲ߶ʱңԶ뾺̨
Ѿɱħͷˣɱȴ˷ޱȣĿǺ⣬Ӷƣ
ɱ
ɱ˳ԣ
Ѿħλǰɱ˳ԡ
һЩǺ޳Եˣ׷׽Լȴ˵󷽡
ס֣ŷѩɫ԰ףҪɱ˳ԣæԴ粻ġ
ɱ޿ɲЩɱԵʱԪϯܣԱɱ¾ʴѾɥʬ־ֻ֪ɱ¾ǰǳɱ
ȻЩнʦȴסڲ˳ȥ
ʲô޴󾪣û뵽Щ˾Ȼ֣
ЩнʦȴǺݺݵ˶һۣŹһϳ֣˭֪һɣͲˣǳ֣ǲ
׽ǰնɱħͷʱֻ޼׽ǰ˵
޼ɣʲôԴֻһʱɥʧǶѣܿͻָġŷѩһߵ˵
ߣ׽ǰɱ˳ԣиϡ޼һȻ˵
𣡡̨ϣԻѪ죬·ǴѪ߳齣һѪɢϢ˳١
á׽ڵͷ˵
ԣ
̫ϴһ׽ǰ˵׽ڣڵӣ㻹ûʸɱ
׽ڣֻʱɱ¾ʴ磬ھʹߡ̫߳˵
Сӣѹ̫ϳϾ̨һץ򳽻ԡ
𣡡˭֪һһɱ¾ʵʣֱǽ̫ϳ˳ȥ
硣̫߳ɫ䣬æס̫ϣû°ɣ
̫ǿˣҲǶ̫֡Ͼ
Ѿɱ¾ʴɥʧǣײϣǾͲҪˣھҳ֣ɱ׽˵
ˣ
һ߽ʦϢϴõ̫Ϻ߳϶˶ǰһ


915 Ҫ
ԣҪϷ򡣡׽䵽̨ϣһƽ˵˵꣬һӣҫͬһ㣬â䣬һ޴ն򳽻ԡ
ԣˡ޼˹Ц
޼ǴЦɲųֵܹһƣɡ
ŷѩͷǶŮ˳ȥҪֹȻڴֹ£޷ǰһ
ԣ̫Ϻ߳˻
Ա
һΣݺͱݵĲ߶˷ǳ
𣡡
׽һնµ˲䣬Ե˫ĿͬѪʯһ㣬ӲԣͬҰ޶Լʳһ޺ҵĻӶ齣
հν
ལ⣡
񽣣
ȻʶЩʽȴǷ·ûǣһһеʩչ
ƥ˳֣ҾҪͬʱذεȻһӣ䵶Ȼϣն
¡
ذεһ˹½־޿ƥС
ʲô
׽ɫһ䣬û뵽ذεȻ֣ȴһ㣬ʦûͻƵĺ󱲣ûп
Ȼ͹ذεһ
䵶һκһ½ıԴذεͷ·½ˣܹƿһ֮ԽʦﵽĽסʦĵز
⣬Եǿ£һʦɼһߡ
ء
û׽ڣѪ䡣
¡һ
ֻ׽ڱԺذεĹɳȥѪ䡣
ءһ
׽ڻѪ˳ȥǰ
˻
ʱ˵һ
׽ǰˣ
ôܣ
ⲻܣô
һ˲䣬ɫ䣬
ɱ
ȻֻԱϯɱ¾ܣϿѪƹ齣ն׽ڡ
䵶
ذεһ絶ǣ½ɫ䣬ضҡ֮𶯣ӳذεϣǣͬһ㣬µ˼㡣
ն
һն׽ڣѾǼ򵥵һǴ½
½ˣҲһ
أ
׽δӦͱԺذεɳȥѪĽˣң
ৣ
䣡
Ժذε˫˫ǰɱ׽ڡ
ǿ߼ˣ׷״ˣЦ㣿߽ʦܶǶ֣ȥ
һ̣УԺذεѾһ󱲣һܣ档
ǿ
˶ǴʧɫûذεʵȻǿ󣬸Խ˼޼ɵ˵ʵ
޼ɫ԰ף촽ڷҿһۣذεжǼɵ֮ɫ̫ǿˣڶǰֱһж޷ֵ
䵶
ذεó䵶һ˲϶ʱʧֹǣסҪǡ
ǣ
Ϻ϶֪䵶ɫҲǴ䣬˴Ļ̳֡
¡¡
ھŽ۷ʦϯ׽ڻδܵԺذεĹͱ紵˳ȥ
ذεס֡һذεǰһְļϣ˵ģǻ³ԣ
䡪
һ춯صıըֻԱϺѹ

ڳԱɱ¾ʴ˲䣬ϻúͷͼæ
Ȼȴ޼¡
Էɱ¾նϺͲϡ
Ҫͷ֣һ˫ۣСӡС˵ޱģ
ʱһڳԾ
ᡢº͡ƽ׵ĸоڳͷͬˮһϴӳԵ顣
ģƽ
ˣϺͲ϶Ǿһ𣬲ȴûзɣɽԡ
λǰɱ˳ԡ޼˼æе
ԣɱ˳ԣ
ʮ⣬ɱ˱ô೤ϣһҪɱ
ɱħͷ
һ˲䣬˶ַԣҪɱԡ
׽ڱɽܷסȫѪ˺ۣɫҲǲ԰ףԵˣ򳽻ԣһ˿ɱ⣬Ҫ˵ͼϴһӣ˵֮ɣߣɱ⣬۹أǶ
ৣ
ԣЩ˶ѣ²ϳɱԼ
̱죬ĿȴǺ޺޵Ķųԡ
׽ҲҳȻ߽ʦܣ֪ҪɱԼɽᵱʲô鶼ûз
⣬Ϳǵһƽ˵
ǳأһʵ
ۣ
ϺȻ֣һץס˲ʱѪ䣬ķŻѪζÿһ˱Ǽ

ŵϹžʲôûˡ
˭Ϸ·ʲôûһʵ
Ĭˡ
ʱ˭˵Ǿ
һ̣֮ѪֶΣҲÿһ˵顣
̫ˡ
̫Ϻ߳ϵ˼˴ϲ˿

Ȼֻ˿۾ɺĿ⣬Ҳȥ
ô£Կܣüͷһ壬Ȼ𷽲ŵһĻæ˵лλǰ֮
šϺͲһۣ϶֪Լ˳ԣȴû˵
ûˣϲĵʵ
ģѾȫˡ齣˵
Ǿͺáϵͷɿ˽
֣ˣذεæǰ˵̫ˡ
ղŶлذˡԳֿ˵
û¾ͺáذε˵
ǰǰݼϡ
ûµĻͼ԰ɡϿ˳һۣĵ
лǰ԰ݵ


916 ͻʦ
ৣ
һ̣䵽˾̨ϡ
ҲǳԵĶ֣䡣ʱ߳˵
лл˵
ûϵû°ɣ򵥵֣ȴ÷Ƿæʵ
Ǻǣ㿴µ𣿡Ц
ԣȻһЦ
ߡһԵŷѩˣһ
㵣ˡһЦ˵
ŷѩҡҡͷ˵һҿ
õġԵͷĿ䵽˼޼ϣ˵޼ɣɸ̨һս
ৣ
˵Ŀ䵽˼޼ɵϡ
ɶ񡣡˶Լ޼ӭųԴƵĿ⣬âڱдģһҧ˵кβҡһ𷽲һĻ޼ɾͻһ飬Ӳ˵Ȩ
ԣԵȻһЦ
ʤǱһʿ˵

޼ɵ̱ԵɣһϿգǿգݣֱӡ
𺧵ĿУһϿ£˳
ˣ
ʱһɺ嫵ƴӳϴˣͨ⻪֮ӣӣհĤݡ
ˣӳڳϡ
˲䣬Ծ͸оԼǾ޴ͬʱһӦһ˲䣬͸оȺУЩ˶Լɱ
˵
ˣﵽһ̣ͺδ֪ܹǰԤ֪Σա
Ӵóӵ׵ΣգҲ˰Σա
һ̣Է·о쳣ǿ
Ҫͻʦˡһ˿ϲû뵽ԼȻоͻʦⶼ˼ĺô

˲Ŷ
޼ɾȻˣ찡ⲻġ
̫ˣ޼ԳԣȻսûˣ
Ҳֲʵǳ̫ǿˣҿҪͻʦˣԾŽǿʦΪ׽־ͻʦֱսǧ²һ꣬Ϳʦ
ǰԽǿʦԽ졣
˳ԣݾҪ˰
ȡõһҲǶڱǱȡõһܿͻŨʱ벻ǿˡ
һ˲˾˿ڼ޼ɵȨ䣬Ķݵ˵ɲһϢ
ৣ
Կ˼޼һۣ䵽ŷѩߡ
ϲ㣬Դ硣ŷѩĻϲ
㵣ˡǸȻ
ŷѩֻһЦû˵һ˫ĿȴǺĿųԣ˼ˡ
ܣܣǼִ˵
ǣϺϿ˳ԺذεһۣӦ
Ƕ˸Ϸɡ϶ԳԶ˵
ǰ롣Ժذεһۣ˵
֮ɽԺذε
߽һ򵥵ʯݡ
ǰԺذεݵ
ɡλ˵
һۣԺذεߡ
ǰѾˣӽذεڲָ֮˵ţĿ䵽ϣڳ㣬ǰδ˵ֻȥ㣬ȻԺҲ֮
õġ˵ûҪġ
ذε䵶㾡ʹáϵ
֪ƥҪɱ֣Ҳᶯ䵶ذεͷЩߵ˵
ţ׾ͺáϵͷ˵Ǳһº󣬾ǰԵӣǾȡͻʦȻԵ
Եʲôطذεʵ
ҲãҾȸ˵˵ԵһλԶŴ֮ܵأ൤ҩݡѧһЩ½ѾıȻҪõҪԼȥȡҲܰǡ
˶٣ϼ˵ҪעǣԵˣֹǴ½壬еص壬ʱǶҪСġ
ǡԶӦ
ذεǻڴˣȻ֪صĴڡ
Ѿڶص壬ڴ½еص壬ȻҲ֡
ˣǶ˾չذɣԵϷԻǰ֪ͨǡ˵
뿪˵²ɣʼչذɣ
áذε˷Ӧ
˶ϣͻʦ
ʯ䣬Ժذεһ߽һ䣬вʿõ
ܿ죬Ժذε˾Ϳʼչˡ
չڡ
ů񣡡ǰİ񴲣ԳһǴϲů籦ĵر֮һûУܹپĵٶȣͷ롣
ҪСһ㣬Ҫ֪չ߶֮أ׵ܸõ
ڱչ֮Уܹ㺵ˣҪڼ̵ʱչ״̬һѵ飬ůͽ⡣
һȥԾ͸оһɣʲôնûˡ
ʱ䣬˾ͽ״̬С
ʱ״̬
ͻʦ
ǳϣģھ߱Щռ䱾Դ֮󣬸ǾԼѾ޽ӽʦˡ
գԸ콾ʵͻʦһ˷ܡ
һ˵ԽǿʦĳɾҲԽߣڳʦٶҲԽ졣
ͺñȼ޾Žʦ͵ͶܹɾʦͻһʦʦֻҪͿԡ
޵оŽʦܹɾĽʦͻһʦʦֻꡣ
ǿ߾Žʦͳɾ߽ʦͻʦʦҪһʱ䡣
Щɣ½磬ܽľ顣
ͺñϻø߳ԣ־غʦԺĳɾһⶼǰõġ


917 ǰδеǿ
ڸ콾ʵֻǿߵһڸ콾ǰǼٵĴڣûй
һ˵콾Ҳǿߡ
ԣԼͻʦʦҲֻҪһʱ䣬̡
뵽һ㣬Ҳ˷ࡣ
ȡͻʦ
׽־ʡǿ߾ŽʦԪһ㣬˵Ծ߱ʦʸ
䣡
䣡
䣡
޾Ԫ硢桢ࡢռȫԿʼϣһεľĤ
һؾڳԵ֮УҽӿХȵ
ʦǿ֮ǿߣһǧΪá
һ㣬ʦܹ塣
罣н£е£Ƶư¡
Щӣʵ壬ڱԴ򣬴ȷһǵôǵĴˣԿΪ罣ԿΪһ㡣
壬Ҳףܹڳʦߣʮ֮һˡ
񳽻֣ǿΪʹ£˵غš
ڹ棬ʦܿƿռ䡣
һ㣬кǿв統׷ɱԣͨɱ˳ԣͶÿռռ䣬вԡ
򵥵˵ƿռ䣬ʦܵĵ֮һ
֮һ仰ʦʦ֮䣬ȫûпɱԡ
ͺñ޵оŽʦǿҲвʦԲĽʦĶ֣Ҳ⡣
һΪͻһʦܹвѡ
Ҳˡ
Ͼһ׵ڳףĽ׵нף߽׵ŽǸ߽ףÿһ֮в࣬нףн߽֮ĲҲܴ󣬳ӵͨһʦǺѴĽʦġ
񳽻
ֻ񳽻Ĵڣࡣ
ͺñȸ콾Ҳֻ˶ѣҪ֪½˿Լһڲֹ仰˵ָ콾Ļʣڷ֮һ
ٰĺ˼ϣǾڷ֮һˡ
Ϊĺˮƽû½ݸߣһӶˮ׼ͿԿ
࣡࣡࣡
Եͺһһ㣬ͬеһԴϼһ
չȻͬѰֵܹԵϢ
ʱһһȥ
һ죬ĹԣǴﵽ۷壬ͬһ財
䣡
ͬƿգ죬Ծһ㣬һ̲ϢԳϴ˳
ءһ
ϵס飬ķѡ
ֻԳʳ𪣬ͬһ㡣
ڣ֫ٺÿһܵ˳·һӵõһ㣬ÿһѪǳˮһأȣСϪڳԵϣһ־׵ʡ
ৡһ¡
ֻ˫ۣһ㣬ǳҪһֲұӵĸо
ˣ
һ̣һɺƵϢӳϴ
ʦ
ǰδеǿ
ĿһɨԴӴȡһ·ϣ˵Ҳ֪ȥˣǰδ֪ͨңԵδ
һţԾһ߳˱չҡ
֣ڳˡ
һ߳Ծͼذεǰһۣ˵ϲͻʦˡ
ҲǡЦ
ǺǣҶͻƲʦδҲ̫ˡذεЦǱˣ޼ȡ˵ڶǷǵ粻˺֮μӱԣһǶ֣Ծڵ
šԵͷʵλǰأ
ŶԵſԲλǰδǰ㣬ǰɽдŵĲǡذε˵˵һνԵ˲٣ǰǱѡȡġ
Ƕжʵ
ʮˡذε˵࣬Ϊ޼ɡǺͷݵˣռ˰ٷ֮ʮ壬һٳͷݺͱݣ࣬ʮҡ
Ǵ½ٶˣ
šذεͷ˵λǰ˵صҲǲࡣ
ˣȥҲλǰȻȥڿ˵
áذε
֮
λǰһ󣬳Ծھסء
ԣ
̫Ϻ߳ϼԶǸ˲ѣһԾͻʦˣ
ҰˡЦ
̫ˣλǰ˵ǰԵΣޱȣеصĲ࣬ʵԽǿԽ󡣡̫˵
šԵͷ
ϲ㳽֡ǰǶܸˣû˿ļʣҲˡ
ΰԵж٣ʵ
ȫ̫ϵ
ŸԳһһаʮΪƽֵܹĸͲˣû뵽ھȻõŸ
š̫߳ϵͷ˵ԣ˵һжĹͣΪȡñǱһԵʣڵҪһЩ
Ŷû𣿡üʵ
ûС̫߳ЦһҶȡõһѾԤˣܹѾ֮ϲ
ǸһжǳΪȡġ̫߳ƢģȻ˵ǻӦøлǡ
ǾͺãһΰԵ֮ȷʵΣգ˵ǱܾΣʮֹΪݲߵԵʣеص塣֣˵ЩصķʽҴ½߲ͬҲô롣
˵ĲҪǡ̫˵


918 ص
ԣͨƣţǰ˶УʲôΣգһǧ֮ڶܹ໥֪̫ͨ߳ϵݸһ˵
Ҳáƣͷ˵
һ͸ԻϢˡ
ڼ䣬Ժŷѩһ
֮ƽ̨ϣвߺݸڸɵĳ϶ۼ
֡
һͼŷ衢޵кذε˹ǰЦ˵֣ΰԵ֮УҪհ
ǰʦܡ޵ҲЦ˵
໥Ц
ԹȻͻʦˡ
찡ʮʦֱǧѵһ
ǧꣿҿһǱٰûгš
Һûе
ǰ粻Ͷ޵˾Ͳˣ޼ҲʮҲͻʦˡ
ԳԣһսûС
ⶼǳ̫ˡ
Գ֣˵ע⣬ڵۡ
޼ͻʦˣԲʵ
ţСӺͻʦذεͷ˵ǣһЩΪǡ
ԵͷȻ޼ͻʦɲ塣
ߡԶ޼Ȼ˵ͳذε˵̸һͷЦСӣһȽ˰ԵҾʦĽԪըɷ۴⡣
⳽ѾͻʦˣɶΪʲôûУ޺죬ȴǱڲĵףǱʶǺ³Ա
ԵˣȻǷ粻
ֻһ࣬˫Ŀ⣬ɱֻһͲټ
һԾ˵ֱһ裬ڶ˽˵ŭǳӭǹŹֵĿ⣬粻ͷŭˣҲҪҵᣬҷ粻Ҫ
ǳˡŶԼδͻʦǳԡ
׽Ҳ˳ԣԼԺذε˴ˣͷŭͷ
ȻûʲôǶǺ߽ʦΪ˽£֪ôЦأ
ԣ׽ҲɽߣҵᣬҪɱԡ
Ȼзǣͤͤȣһ˫峺ӿ˳һۣӡ
ֶͷҲ˳һۣŮǼɵѣǳԣǰһĻ·ǰ֪Լӵÿ죬Ѿһˡ

һֻϵ߳ɨһۣ˵ѾˣðԵ˸Ϸߡ
ৡһ¡
ֻԭһ⣬ͼϷɳ֮ȥϺϲС
ͬʱдʿ
ৣৣৣ
ʮ˲Ⱥĳʵʵĸڲ
һȺ˺ƺƵȥ
һ۾ͿԿŶиԵС壬ͺñȳԺŷѩ塢޵еһһ
ৣ
ʱŮ˳ߣ˵Ҹһɡ
û¡Ц
ŷƯͷһϲ򳽻Աߵŷѩ˵
Ҳǡŷѩ˵
ŷûмҵòô֪ҺƯأ˵ҳúܳ󡣡ǿһЦ˵
ûмĳ˺ŷѩ˳һۣ˵ǰɣ
ǺǡԺǺһЦ֪˵ʲôˡ
˼ˣǳԾĿųԣǲΪηôעˣԭѾ˼Ůӵݡ
շǱ˵ģֻ޸һòˡ
һҪ޸ԣ
뵽һ㣬޵е˶һŷѩٿǣж¶Ľ֮ɫ
Ժ˰޵Ц
ѹַôĳ֡ŷ
ǰԱչأﶼ˺üΡҲЦ˵
ߡŷѩһһǳԡ
Ǽˣ򳽻һЦҲ˵
ȿȣһǸϰɡԿݺݿһˣЩε˵
ˣ˶һЦٴȤˡ
ɶ񡣡޼ɿŷѩĿ䵽ϣ𺣬ĿҲɱ˵ĻѾ޼ɱһˡ
жԳԵɱ⣬ҲԽԽ
һҲˣ粻
һֱϲǣֻǷǲⲢӰ粻ϲǣû뵽ǾȻԳмѣֱŭǳжֳɱ⣬֪ԼǳԵĶ֣ڿϼ޼ɡ
һۣһ
ʱмɽҲۼ˹
һԼˣĿ˸ҲһɱԵĺûᣬֻϼ޼ɺͷ粻ˣлᡣ
ҪɱԵļ޼ɵ˵ԵһĻᡣ
ͬĵԵڳɱ޼ɣһݣҲһûᡣ
һ˸ڲ󣬶ܰϵˣȴǲ١
ڣһʱһƬʯ֮ϣֹͣǰˡ
ϢԵȵԲ֮ʱ˵
ǣ˹ӦɢѡطϢ
ʱ˻ƻ裬ѪߵĻƷ·ȼһ㡣

ڴʱǰͻȻӿ·дڵصƶһ㡣
صˣ˾
صˡ˵
ԣ˶
ৣ
ԽԽ󣬲һͼһӰӵصϢƴŮģ졣
ǵװҲͨ
½ĵص塣
Կص壬½ĵصȴûмϸһֻǰʮʦܣˣȻɢȾŽ۷ʦϢǰ׷
̬ӣûκһӡ


919 Ե
żǿߣ
صߣǾżǿߡ
󣬾ǵصţ½һ࣬ٳͷҲ߼а˾ŹǿȻѾͻ˰˼
ֻһȽϣͿԿصʵ½ǿһ
ǿ
½һ˼˶һû뵽صôǿߣǰ˼ǿ߾а˾ˣսǿǿߣձ鶼ǿ޵оŽʦֻٲּ޾Žʦ
ǿ
ϵ鶼Щء
ٺ١صǿߴԵһۣ϶¶ЦЦ飬Ȼû˵ʲôȴһϷʵζ
죬ܾòȻӰż֮еһƮƮˣһľ̵ߣϣ΢Ц˵
ʱ˲֪ϵ֡
죡
꣬ҲǡƽȻ˶ˣǾͿʼɣ
ãͷ
£ֻ߳ͬʱҲ˳
˶һۣһֻ̯һöһģһƳУʰɫӨ͸涼֡Ե
ৣ
ƴӲͷзɳһԣһ㲻ټ
¡
ʱ컻أܣǿҵϹԭʼϢš
һֻ֮һ߰ɡɵųǧϣϡ󡢹âϢһֹ֮⡣
ԵʱΪ죬ܹʲôԵƿǵϣȥɣ˵
ͬʱҲԵص˵ͬĻ
ৣৣৣ
£Եнš
ˣֻһЦδ
صųԵ˵ıӰЦ˸ɱ
һΰԵصνʧأ÷˷ŭǳһΣصȴռԵơ

һΣصҪ
죬һǵʵɲǺǿصǿȫȥ֮󣬷ͬľϣ¶һĨЦݣǶһΣ
ôķɫʵ
Ͷж˻߳Ŀһӷѩ׵ĵĽֱӲ죬Ҫ뷨
ʧˣɮһ㣬ޣȻڵãҾͶǵص岻ʮ˻ųֻҪʮˣ䣬ûʮˣӮ
Ҷǵȫû꺬Ц˵
ʲôϺͲɫһ䣬Ƣ𱬵Ĳϵ̫꣬
ߣ̫أǲҪˣһΰԵҵصһʮˣֻʮ˻ųȴʮˣҵص̫𣿡һ޿˵Ҫ˵̫ҲӦҵصǡ
㡭ϣشŭ
ܣһӣꡣ˵ãҾ͸ˡ
עʲôϣʵ
ƷԪһö˵
һΪ
硭غͲԶɫ䣬Ҫֹ
áϲĿŲ죬˵죬һ䶨ˣʵɣһҵصоŴ˼ǿߣ̫ӵľظǰ˼еٮٮߣ˵ÿһ㣬ƾ̫ӵһˣԺɨȫ
ʦ
⻰غͲ˶϶ʧɫӿ˵ǡ
ҲǳһǳԾľصʵǳԾ̫ӵ£꣬⻰ʲô˼
̫ӵ£ԣغͲҲǷӦ꣬۾𺧡
ҵصʮǰѾͳһɭۣѾΪҵصĹ˵
ʲôԣʧɫ
벻ɣ귢ԾЦ˵ҵصڰԵǵ壬ԭֻһ㣬ϣ޷һ¶⣬޷ȵʧɭͼҵˣΪҵصδһͳҵص壬ǧҵ
˵˴ǳ˵ͳһ֮ɭ۵¾ǵصв壬ѡ츳ѵĺ󱲣ͳһѵ˽յĳɹǵľ̫ӵ£Ϊһҵصˮƽǵԭ򡣡
ԣ˶ĬȻ
˺ǺһЦ˵֪ǵȻǷΪݣÿż࣬Էֻìܼ࣬ͳһһľ̫ӵµ쵼֮£һԽǵơ
˵ǻȫԭ򣿡Ц
ԴȻ֮ɫ
ҲɡЦ
ߣ죬͸׼һöƷԪ񾧰ɡ˵
Ÿտʼѣ˭֪أЦ
֮󣬾ͼһΣ꼫ΪţҲһöƷԪ񾧡

ȴ˵ԽţתǰһƬ׹⣬ͼһƬء
£Ϫˮܲ˲ɣζȴһɭĸоȴǲ֮䣬а׹¶޹ǡ˹ǽУԶԼܹһЩȺ֮е̨ͤ¥ֻǶЩưܡ
Ե
ԭΪֻһаܵĵû뵽ȴһȲܾ߿ռ䣬ҪֵϹſռ䡣
ԺȻ֮ԼڶϹܾ֮УԵȻС
δһ룬뵽ˡ
ֻ֮ǽܾص߳ҲͰˣԵûʲôø˵ģȴǽЩܾռĵͼ˳ԣбݡҩһһ
ᣬȻŹ
磬һԵͼͳԺС
ԵһϹܾһΪԵϹŴ֮ܵ


920 չ
Ե
ƺͿԿ϶һλ͡
ԣԵıλԵĴС
һõ
һλᣬǶԵͶԣһξ޽еĻᡣ
ǽޣаԵãȴǿ԰ذεõϸϸ˼ϷԵĴУתذεãΪĽޣðԵĴжò󣬶ذεǵޣõĻڳɾһδĵ
ڳ˵Ҳһİ
ϸһͼԷԼڰԵλãԵкܳһξ롣
ȻѾذεðԵĴУǾҪҵذε
ǰԵ;Ѱذε
ȻƺǰԵ·ͼ·һЩܲŵıأȻŹ
ȻԼòó̺Ϳϵȴǿõ
ܿ죬ȷ·
ڵһӰȥ
һĿ㣬ԣ
аԵֲݡ
һ󣬳ԣһ滷ɽĹС
ʧǣûһֵȡݣһǧݶûУУҲֻһЩʮ꣬ҩݣԳûãǶԳҲûжôóЩʧ
ڶĿ㣬Ժ
һΪӴԺӣһƬһ
ǵ̺Ե߾סĵط
ҪСЩˣǵǰԵһλΪĳܣ۹Ǽߵģɲʲô˶ߣŵڣ޵ǿߡ
ԣϸ
ӣɡʱСѾͷĵ
áǾޣڿռƿأСɿռ䱾ԴĳԶҪİȻԼӿ첻ٶȡ
ʰߵĵ
룬Ҳѷϻٻ˳¾ѪȴУͻ߽װħۡ
ƬٶҲǿ˲١
ɾ弶֮ʵǿ󣬶ԿռƿҲԽˮ
ϻȴͣ˾Žʦ֮
Ӷص½֮󣬾һֱδͻʦ
Ȼ˵һؿﵽŽ۷ʦ֮
ԣһγδûаͻʦĿġ
ҩ
ڴʱϲĴһ䷿һƿԸǰһ˵ӣҵһƿҩ
ŶҿԲĽӹҩƿû뵽滹δ˷ֵĵҩĵһģֻһŰɫҩĴָС뵣кǿķζһɷ
ȴǲϵô˵ȻϹŲеĵҩʵϻãʲôҩ
ŶƷҩе߷֮߷֮󣬿֮һٶȣ˵һıáϻҩһۺЦǺǵ˵
еԽҩװƿӣĵͷƿһеһĿͷƷҩ
Ϲ磬ԵҩĻ֣ļƷʼۼ𼶡
Ʒ൱ڵƷ׵ҩ
ӣôɣЦĵ
ԾͬһСڳԺǻ³żԣ֣ⷬͬԼİְһ
ţЦŵͷ˵ҪŬ
֪Цĵ
һԺͷϻҲҵ˲ٺöҩѧȵȡ
õŶ٣ԱսУá
ҩ

һ·ȳչΣǼ¡
Щ˵ҲãԱ˵ȴǺö
ܿ죬һʱȥ
Եûҹ֣֮ɼǵʱ䡣
ջ񲻴ܷḻһЩѧ伮Զõš
ڳȱǿռѧұƷǻʼС
ֻǳҲֻ֪ԵϹʱ򣬷˵ȼĵҩѧ˲õĶڽգԿһɱ¾
һ죬Ե㲻һЩصݵǿߣܹ
ȻҲһЩ½걻صɱ
ûг֣ЩûйϵοҲôͺ͵صϣΪڴ֮ǰѾϻõĶ£Ҫǵص壬ԭ򲻽Ǹʦص壬ǵŽᣬǺԲ֪ġ
Ϣһ󣬳ٴΰԼǺõ·ǰС
ԵĿռܹ㣬ǬԪҪ
ڲȺɽϣ˵һƬɽ壬һƬɽСϪˮȪٲС
źǣûޣֻΣȻڡ
ʱվڳԼͷ˵ӣҷһռܴĵط
Ҳоˣʵ
š˫ģͬʯһ㣬ųԣĵͷǱߡ˵ţָϱߵһɽ塣
ɽǧɣǧͱڣܽǵͰɽͲԴĹһֹ·ĸо
ߡԶϻá
һǰ·塣
ٶȺܿ죬һյʱ͵ɽ¡
ৡһ¡
ֻ˾ͬһ㣬Ӷϣ糤ҡֱϣ졣
֮䣬˾ͳһưܵĵǰԫƱڣ˸һֻϢ֮⣬ʲôûС
ԫԺоһɲĿռ
Ȼ΢ȴʵڡ
ߣ
ԻһۣûзǱв󣬽ԫ
Բ֧Ĳԫ沼˻ҳ۹Ӷҳû¶һء
Щû𳽻Եע⡣
Ŀֱ䵽Ϸһʯ񣬽а˸ߣУһ⼣߰ߵĽ滹лҳϸĻΪһ֮ڿһ۵ʱҲΪ


921 ˼ǿߵʵ
ǰǰѲҳʴĽȻһʱ򣬳ԲŸо˽
ѽϣ¶̺һɵĿռ
ӡһֱۣӸԣȻСϵĻҳȻһСҲʮְɾ
ˣ΢΢һЦӹŽ
һѿռԵıǰ˵ֻƷЩƷ
ȴ۾һ˵˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ڵΪһѻʼ㣬ҲӲ˶ͷ˵
ǿռԱķ޷۹ֻÿռϻһ˵
ԡԵͷСɿռ䱾Դӿһ㸲ģԽһ
ˣ
һʣһĨ貰׹ԳŶֻԭ⼣߰ߵĹŽѩɢĽ⣬ͬ¹һ㣬ڽϣԵòһ
ý̾
ȷʵһѺýѪףؼٺòԸһ˵꣬һ˿еӲԫ⴫˽
ԣԻ׿ȥֻһһµ˽
ݣǼⱡ˫絶棬Ʈ֮Ŀڳһɨ䵽ϻáϣһ˵壬СѾͷȴһѵõľޣүľ
ǵص壿˵
ʶ㡣Գľ˵ǵУеļһʦ
û˵ɫϻúͷռ䡣
ʲôľɫ΢䣬·´һۣɲʵǸСѾͷȥˣ
㲻Լ𣿡һƽ·δľС
ߣ㲻˵ǰɣܺãҾʹ˵ΪֹľһٺЦСӣҪΪΪһͿԷң㣬ΪΪսҵĶ֣㻹ʵʵĽСѾͷҿԿʴһȫʬ
ǵصϻһ𣿡Եʵ
ܺãɹŭңҾҪ˫֡˫һֻһֻĳľɫʱɱȻĶų˵
ӣ·δԷУԾеһ⣬ôԣôԡ
Ҿͽ齣ɣվѪΪףءԿеĹŽЦ˵
ʣŽ·ΪԼֻһ㣬һ߿Ľ
ܺãѽѾʼ飬ϸҵõľԹԵ˵˵꣬Ȼһ࣬Ľһɣ
ৣ
ڵһɫӰͼľƽԣٶȿȡ
˼ǿߵʵչɡ
ȴǲ壬ڻ߿ռڣصսľ飬֪Ķǵһԣͺñǰľľ˽·һˣһϢһ
ľη
ͻȻһȣֻľһ޴ľӷǽʯɢһն򳽻ԣҪ롣
Ԫ
Եһξ˼ǿ߽֣ǳû뵽ġ
ȻϣҲûͷֱռ䣬Ͼľٶ̫ˣýռٶٺò
¡
ռ䵱£ķռ
ءһ
ͼԫըľмɣɳ䣬УֻһɫӰڽռںֱһƬ
ˣǹһ˿Ц
ľȻǰ˼ǿߣľսǿٶȲƣһٶȱƣսʹ󽵡
ǣ
ľ¶һĨɫ߳һһ˫ͫȻתɫͬɫ̶һ㣬Өɫ觡
һȣӰǣʮɣ޴ޱȡ
ѵһ
ֻ޴ɫ޽϶ն£ռʱ𣬿ռ䶼Գ·Ҫɢһ㡣
ߣҿĽռܹҼľ˵
飡
飡
飡
ľսḻ쳣ڳԣ˵֮䣬һ
ء
ڵĽʱ򣬽ռʱһҡֳĹ·һУը
հν
ৣ
ڽռ䱬ը˲䣬ԺľͬʱһԵĽ죬ľĽ죬۵糸
һ
ֻľ޽Ͻն³ԣδ£ǵصĽѾͬХһϯ£Ծ֮϶Ͽհɿռ䶼ȾɫķܼĽХڳԶ
ľߡȻľǶ֣Ҳ̾һ
ߣ׷𣿲δ̫Щұȡͷľһм֮дһĨ
ƾڵֶΣɻƽ

ͬͿīһ㣬е齣һɨϿһӾͰ
ռ䣡
ͬ٣ڤĻϯķռ䣬顢ʬõӿľ
ռ𣿿˺ü԰ľǰǾǷһҵľľһ£ǹЦ˫һ飬ʱֻƬͬٲһй
¡
ǰĿռһ𣬶ʱһһڿɫХһ£򳽻ԡ
ⲻǼ򵥵ɫ
ÿһལŨϢ
ľĺ壬ӦпƵã޹ֺľš
ৣ
ˣת汾Դ
ۣ
ڰ䡢ɭȻϢһת̱ȵζ
ȻֻСɻ汾Դһ̶ϣȴҲѹľľ
죡
һ齣һɨƬϯȥͬ潣ɽһ㣬֣Զ۾ͺһſŻȼգϯߣһƬƳľϿա


922 սľ
С
ľһһ²֮ͬ񣬸£˳壬ͬƿһ㡣
ľ
ϯ̲˻ƣֻһſŹÿһŶǧɸߣ֣飬ķռų԰ȥǻײһ̱ûһ̶ûС
ɣ
ľ˫ͫ˸ƤҲɫǳ
ɶҵĻ汾ԴͻгɣԲˡԼαˣ
ˣҪ³𣿡ʱ¾ѪȻѣо˳Σ˵
ͻ߽װħˣʵ
ǵˣ³֣һɱСӡ¾Ѫ˷ܵһˣΪͻ߽װħˡ
ãҪնɱԶȻ˵
֪¾Ѫ߽װħ۵ΪɱľֻҪһУȴܾˣΪΪޣͱҪһΣյ־
õˡ¾ѪӦȻ֪ʲôԭԼ֣ȴûжʡ
ʱľԽǰɫͬ޽һ㽫û
ʱԸоһǿЮԼϣѹƵˡ
ҿôľЦ
ռ佣⣡
ЦСɿռ䱾Դӿ齣УһɿռϢ̴һĿռ佣ն˳ȥ
ءһ
ֻ޾ɫһ˲ķѣɢ
ʲôľһǿռ佣
ռ䣡
û˵ǰ齣գһ£γɽռ䡣
ûõģɢľЦ
񽣣
Ȼȴһ˿Ц
ãľͷûɵһͻһԤУæ
ռ֮󣬾ʩչ˾񽣡
ݡһ
⣬Ϣļȥ
ͣ
ľٿ죬Ҳ첻һ򱻾񽣶ѪʣĿУҪɱ㣡
ľ޼
ľ
ľ죡
δ䣬ʩչʽǷ켫Ʋɵ
أ
һռ䱬ը
񽣣
ľ
ۡһ
񽣹飬ֽмһ㡣
ءһ
ֻ⵽׻һ㵹˳ȥһѪ
СӣҽҪ֫һһֻն˲ſˡľƤɫͬһˣһ˫ͫԣɭȻâһХ罣һ㣬ն򳽻Եۡ
壡
ԴһȼճƬ棬ͬ١
ռ侫֮
Уݺɱľ硣
ãǾ֮ľɫ䣬æۼռ侫֮ɲô׵ֵģкһɫ԰ףһѪŲȥ
ءһ
ͬʱԱĽնȴ˿
ǿľһԼһƷױ׶նȥû뵽ԵƲͻʦģ
ϲˣҿɲ˷Ź㡣ִǰĵ
࣬ʲô֣ľʵ
ԡԵ
šľӳԣͷ˵ԣʵѾõҵϿɣҲʵˣ㲢ΪԼɱҰɣ
ǿδأô֪˵
ľм˵ԣҲˣҵصо˼ǿߣȻ඼ǸոͻƣҲ൱ǵĳʦˮ׼һΣ̫ӵѾҪǵȫɱ
̫ӵ£˭һȴƽʵ
ǺǣҲ޷ľǺһЦ˵̫ӵ½ľأҲһ˼ǿߣɱǿˣҪɱңҲҪʮУ̫ӵµ˰ɣ
ľ˵ͲǶ֣ҼʵԸһ̫ӵµĻᣬô
ô˵
ԣʵɣܿ죬ǵصͻṥǵˡľһذϢ
ʲôԶʱʧ˵ģ
Ȼȷʵʶ㣬ŸϢľ˵ǵصѾǵһдЭ飬ʱӦϣ湥ò˶ʱ䣬ǵͻΪǵصūҾ͸һͶЧĻᣬҵصӦȴɵһ̣ҵص׵۹Ĺ޾ҫô㶯˰ɣ
ԣԳĬʵϢ̫ˡ
ôܣȣ뵽ľ㣬ľ飬֪Ϣʮ֮˾ģص͵һϣݣֻһأ
ͷɻѡ
ԣشңԸ⳼̫ӵ£Ϊҵص׵۹𣿡ľʵ
ƽȻص
ȻˣҾֻɱˣΪҲϢй©ȥľɱ⣬ɭȻ˵
ৣ
ԫһӰͼľ˸ͬһŤɫ磬գҫš

ľڶΪⱬ֮£ͼһϿգƵͬӹþòϢһХ֮£̽צݺץ£¶ϵȥͬʮλεɫ޽򳽻ԵԴ
һץеĻǵɥȻľҪɱ
ಡһ
ڴ˲䣬Ȼ֣齣Ѿټ֮Ǳ
һն£
¡
ʮ﷽Բ𶯣ɽ嶼ҡΣ·Ҫ
߿ǳ岼ĲڳͷϿգһ£һǳһ㣬ߴ֮
νߴߴ磬Ҳߴ磬ˡ


923 ɱľ
ͣ
ľûɣצ̽ݺһץǳץ
ৣ
ɫǹ֣ѹǧţͬף಻ն£ʱֻĿǳҷ貵ǻԡ
ľһ߿޴βڶὭųԺݺݵĻӳȥֱӱըƺȻ˼㣬Ŀǳһ⡣
ӡӡԣͬһ˫ɫʯȴлζڳ˵ԣҿ㻹ʲô£ʩչɣûлˡ
ྫ֮
̬Ȼֺķ񹥻
ɶǾ񹥻Ϊл𣿡ľѾ׼ȫ峽Եľ񹥻ݺݵ˵
Ȼ˵꣬Ͳҽһʲô񹥻
ն
شǳԵһһû߿ǳҶ£Ⱥ䣬ս
أ
ľྫ֮˾磬ʶ𣬷Ӧ󽵣û̱ܶܿ߿ǳУˣѪǱˡ
ȴû֣ɱһƽľ
ɱ
һűն£ǳ
ɶɱңûŶľԳһͷɫͷ裬ͫ׺Ȼ˸ɢͬųһĹԣʱֻ
ͫ
һͫڴ˹ؼʱ̱ľʩչɱǿ·𶴴ǳһ㡣
ֻͫһƽڰУľȻ˵֮⣡
ԴӲ౾Դͻгɣ֮ʹʮ
ۣ
֮ͫײһ𣬾ͬײһԲãͬʱޡ
˺̬Ȼ
Ȼľȴһʲôͫôǿôû뵽ҲͫұԼҪǿЩܲˡ
Ԫ
հν
񽣣
ϳһ⣬ͼԳȥн֮䣬ɱһ˲ʩչ
ءһ
ֻľ˳ȥĿۿųԣӲɶҵ͹ˣղɱ㣬Ĳݡ
ϧûˡȻľδֺԿԿԼǾ񹥻ѾʵǰʱԽͶԳԽ
ͬʱи̾ľǽľصǿ֮һ
ҵʲҲʱһһԽ󡣡ľųԣа
ৣ
Ȼľ̫˼ʱ䣬նɱ֡
֮
ྫ֮
ռ侫֮
н֮䣬Լ˾ӳ˽־Ĺľľ硣
أأأ
ÿһ֮൱ľըһΣֻ˫Ŷͬһοĸ¥ãҡҡ׹ˡ
ƣ
ľſһѪֽ񶾵Ŀųԣʣһ˲䱻ڣͬɫûһ㣬һХֻһƴ򳽻ԣ֮ƣϯ˻ϡ
һϯµɱҪɱһС
顱һ
ֻԾͬɽײһ㣬˳ȥ
ˡľ񣬹ЦȻһѪɫ԰ףϢ˥˼㡣
δأȻһƮƮľ
ԣôܣľһ˻
ֻɫ԰վִű
ղǼٵģľǰֻû˳ԵӰ
ǺǣӦøеҲǣǵһʶʩչλӰˡһƽ˵ˣýˡ
Ҳİľ
ۣ
ֻһɨ͸ͼһѪӿͬ콵Ѫһ㡣
ৡһ¡
Ĵ䣬һӰʧ

һɽµأ£ˮ
ֻų
ȻһӰԺ󷽶һϯ˺䡣
ʲôˣȵ
޵оŽʦʣ˶Ǽ޾Žʦһ̽һ
գֻһۣ룬ֹ̩ɽһĿС
ۣߣΪԼĻʵ𣿡Աߵ겻м
ʦ֣ǵص塣һ˵˵ӺǿҪСġ
ã϶Ǽ˿е̫ӵ£ֻۡʧɫߡ
ৣ
̳Ҫܡ
ʲô˼ˣ̱ˡ
ȻңܣЦһһĳ޾ŽʦͱһƬûһƬҽͻһƬѪ꣬ڷԲڣݶѪݡ
ʲô󾪣æ١
סɱߣľأдϷʣӭƮǰأһָͬһû࣬صһͼ߷һ£ˤһѪ⡣
Ҳҵǲ֪ҲѪһۣľ˵Щ̫ˣʸҳУȻ곤˵ˣҾҪЩĵȫɱľص˵꣬ľؾͳӰ
ܸ
ڣԽԵڲ߸Ŀ㡣
ܣ
ڽʱգҲֻƿʦĿܣҪʦĿܣûпܡ
ⶼΪƿķʧԵʡ
֮ԵĵͼܸӦôϹſܣĻ
ܸ磬ǧûʱĸܡ
壬Ļ̸뿪ڳԵ¥ʯ׵ʱһ˳


924 Ϲſ
Ҳأ̩Ȼ˵
ৣ
û˿ԥһᴩգɨء
ءһ
ֻʯžķѿһ޴ʯݳڳǰ
棬һص塣
ϹſܣԲδעˣע⵽ǰĿܣһ𽣳ݻɢͰԵϢ
ܽݻһ󷨽ֹ˿
Сӣҽа˹ס֣Ϊ㼴ҵϡصһɫģͨйʣ忴ͻƽɣʮְԵ
ôЦ
ҲãҾɱ㣬ȥ𽣳ݻܡ˹ĿƵĶų˵ҸоǿҲҵϡ
ûͻư˼ɣԺȻЦ
ô֪˹
Ϊľǰ˼ߡԷ·˵һ޹ؽҪ顣
ľôˣ˹ɻʵ
ˡԵĵɱģ뱨𣿡
ʲô˹ɫ䣬ųԣȫ˵𽣳ݻˣһ
ԣҡԵͷ˵
ܡ˹æҡͷ
ô˵׼ˣ˵Ҹѡ񣬵һڶңΪ¡
롣˹һųƬ⣬·һ̫ҫķһȭž糴һ㡣
Ԫȭ
һȭɽѣûķлХ֮
հν
һӣԾһȥһȭޱߺ𣬾ͼ˹˳ȥһѪ
⣡
ޱ飬Դ壬ɢɭȻϢͷ·һ㣬е齣֮Ҫո˹
ڽ⣬·ʱҪ
̤̤̤
һ˹ͬڰ˹ͷɫ԰ף亹ֱðսսҪɱң
һɡԵ
ңԸ⳼㣬˹ݼΡ˹죬Ǳ⣬ҲܲסͷĿ־壬˳ǰ
ſʶԵ
ǡ˹ݵ
ৣ
ܿ죬Ծڰ˹ϣӡӡǣֻ賽һͷͿɱ
ӡǣ˹̧ͷ򳽻ԣĿǿ־壬ǳ
˹ֻҪбҵͷ۶ԶҶɱ㡣䣬ڰ˹ͷиҲǵϣԣȵÿ죬ɱɱĿ졣
˹ұˡ˹æ˵
ܺãɡ˵
лˡ˹վڳǰҴһڡ
ˣ԰ͷ˹Ȼֻ߼ߣսֻ൱ǿ߶ѣȲð˼ľԿûոľΪĽ־İ˼ǿߣ䳼
˹Ȼֻ־շĻʾͺܴˡ
ܺãˣסԲܱ©ҵĹϵҪʱһ֪ͨ㡣˵
ǡ˹һŵǷ뿪˿ܸ
תݻǰûзϻãϻã鷳ˡ
û⡣ϻóڽǰӡɣַһûС
һһ
ϧݻֻƷ൱ʦֻʯĺܴһιĻҪʮƷʯϻôһۣЩź˵
ϻã½ֽΨһһƷܰɣЦ
⵹пܡϻõͷ˵
ǾˣܱûеĺáЦڹʮƷʯԵû⣬൱ʦܵһιֻҪһƷʯԾˡ
ʯĻΪЩ̫ϳŪһЩԵһʱȱʯ
뿪˵
ϻõͷռ䡣
ৣ
뿪ܸһĿǰȥ

ڴʱޡ粻ͼ޼ԼһڡڡɽҲڲռ䡣
ԱߣһˣǺȻǵص塣
һĻ˭˶Ծ
޼ɵ˾Ȼ͵صһ
֣żһǻթˣǻҪС޿һǵߵص꣬޼˵
ģһоƿ֮С޼һƽǳԺذεн飬ҲҪżɱֻ֪໥ðˡ
˵ҾͷˣǳԱżҪթǻҪƻһȫ֮ߡ侲˵
ţһ֪޼ɲδԶô߹ԣΪҲôãԲŻϵص壬˴˼ǿ֮һĹżԸԡ
صקøһҸᣬһҪŪǡ粻һ۹ż߰ԴԸȻݲùżʵĻͶɱ
ģɱԺٽ޼˵֮ǰòҪ£ܹõϹŵҩͻʦɱԵİո󡣡
γԱ粻˵
˵ǣһҪɱ޶ԳԸǺޱߣһҪɱ֪ԼɱԵĿܼûУֻܽס޼ɵ
ѾԵڲˣСһЩ޼ɶ
ס粻Ͷ޵˶ͷ
޼ɼˣЦŶԹż˵֣ѾԵڲܿͿǳˡ
ٺ٣˵ѾǵɱˡżٺЦһǿ׳һ׳׶࣬ذεɢϢͷǳĻһˡ
ԽƻҲ֪̤֮ʦˣ֮ǰҶǶ֡޼˵


925 
ߣǵһһٶʮˣͻʦˣ㣬ֻǳԺ˵ذεһˣȴа˼ǿߣ۶ʵǸ޷Ǳȡż˵
Ǻǣ˵ǣʵǿȴܹɱǳԣҪ֪Ǻܽƻģ˵ƻΪ޼ɺ˵ڴˣ󳽻ԵʵɲϣΪżӣʱܳԡ
ģҹż֪żףϢôܹ࣬˲ɣ
Ǻǡ޼ԣֻһЦûнӻ
żһۣһ˿ӣЩĵҲ̫Сˣ˶࣬ͽɱˣǳԣ϶ô˵ģҲҪСһҪҸɱˡżƴֿʵϸ緢
һ˾Ļ̥߽Եڲ
ۣ
ڲصĻʾʹ˺ܶࡣ
Щ˶Ķ֣¾ͽˣصİ˼ǿ࣬Ҳ·ߵĴײˣ㶼ܹ
һ·Ҳŵʬ壬ȻǱصɱġ
ˣԲɵŷѩһǷǡ
˵Ҳ֣ͷ֮ʲô鶼ûзŷѩͬʱȴ֪䵣ˡ
ͺѾǿԼŮһ
ҡҡͷЩΡ
֮ǰԼͷֻһ֮ԵѣȴԼʵϵԼûҪռΪеĸоڷȴǷˡ
òҲ˷Ƕ٣ϣһԼζͨ˵˼룬ʺӡ
ǣȴûⷽ뷨
Ҳֻһԭ
˺ܾãһ㣬ǾĵһֱδΪܹԼߵԶ
ԭܼ򵥣۷壬վҪ뿪½츳ܹɾ͸߽ʦѾǼˣʦ츳ûпܣԳԺն˶֮ϵ
ֻû뵽ᷢ飬òλá
Ȼԣ֪ȴʵڡ
ͬĵһŮӣòŷѩ嶼ҪƯѵõһ־ǧ֮ʣͬŮһ㡣
Ѱˣȴֻӡ
񳽻ռǿ˵ĻŮˣκһ˵һгɾ͸е飬ҲǷ粻ϲԭ
οڸ߰ԴһĿ˵ķ粻˵ҲֻзǲԼ
һ㣬ڼ޼Ҳֵܹ
ϲŷѩǰռκοŷѩΪͳԹϵҪɱԵԭ
ڼ޼Уŷѩġ
ڳУŷѩҲһ˵ġ
ռͬͺײìܣɱ⡣
ŷѩԿ˵һϸѣΪԼŮˡ
ֺγǳռ֣οһҪԭ򣬷ǵһ仰һòˣδɷ
ȻǵһǵˣȻȻ˷ԼŮ˵ͷ
һЦ˵ÿһ˶ǻĵģЩûлĵˣǲ뻨ģûҵˡ
ԲδԼںδ
ܿ죬ͽЩͷ֮ԺúܿٶǰһĿ㣬
󣬾ǰԵˡ
ԣһ·ԶСġ
ٶȣͬĵľصٶȣδûн
ʵľأԱСġ
οȲرԵĵطô˵עأ
ȻһгҲ㣬ѰҵаĶ˵һʺƶΪȻ鹦֮ĵͼ
ʱ򣬳ͣ˽Ų

ԼԼ˲ҽĿһо֮ɫ
ľ˵˵ص彫նɱϢ󣬾ôеΣ˲٣һ·ϣѾʮʬˡ
ң룬ʬҲԽࡣ
˾裬ȫϢٶǰС
ͼϵʾӦˡ
ƼԶڽԵ˵ֻǰյʱѡ
ţǣ·Ծͼʬ壬ǿߵģֻ˵ʬ壬Բᾪ죬ǿߣɾʦܣ嶤ϵ飬ȴɱϵĶҲչһա
ҪǣǱһɱġ
ܹһɱǿߣǸ콾ֻǵص˼ǿߣʦܡ
һ˲䣬ԾͿ϶ǵصɵġ
Ϊֻذεͼ޼ͻʦذεǵޣ޼ɵޣֻǵص塣
һ˼ǿǰ
ڳ˵ɲһϢ
Խʬһ֮ȫϢë׵ķˣżǰ
ԣһ·ϲδһˣֻʬȴ˺üߣǿߣȫɱȫһɱûκεķ
˺ǿ
Ե۹һ۾ͿصǿߺѰİ˼ǿߡ
뵽ˣԾ͸ӽˡ
·ϵĵ飬һгԲŸϵ
һǧɸ߷֮ϣͬȺɽܣһ뵵ζ
ɽϣƣԼԼԼһƻֺĵǽߣר
󣡡
ڴϷϵϣԿ⼸֡
ৣ
ϢԽɽ塣
ʲôˣͻȻصķ˳Χס߼ǿߣһ˼ǿߣ˼ǿۿųԣɱûжĻһҪɱ˳ԡ


926 ˮ

죡
ɱ
𣬾ͼ߼ǿɱʩչɱУҪһɱ
׽⣡
ɫ䣬齣ɨὭۣһӣصͱɱѪ˰ڵÿһ䡣
ʲôһʦǰ˼ǿ߳һ˵ýǳԣ
֪ңԲ
漴ףֺ֪ףݾֻһʦܣֻ֪ͺϳˡ
ãܺãȻԼˣ˹ȡͷ׸̫ľ̫ӵ¡Գ˹ĵͷƽ˵·˵һҲͨ顣
б¾ˡԵĵ

˹һһźͳܣͬһźɫ壬򳽻ԡ
һû뵽˹Ƕһ˵Ļһ壬ǶѾɣһѪһѪ⣬һͷ̺˶أҪ֣ƾĶͿɱ޾Žʦµˡ
ٺ٣ܳԾɣɫڴ˹ЦģһȫմҵĶʴ֫ٺʹȥ
ôЦ
ˣҲɵ˹Ķȴв౾Դ壬Ӱ첢
⣡
ʮֹϣһ־ǴɱУ˹Դ˵ҲһֶԶ
Դ˹
ֻһ㶣ȻʩչɱУ£

ֻſ˫ֱԲһ㣬ʱǶͬٲһк£󽭴һ򳽻ԣɶ̺һ˹칦ܣͬˮһ㣬ƽԡ
̾͸оһ㡣
Ԫ
ʩչռ䣬ԼΪĵİɿռ䡣
أ
ͬʱǰ綾ϣֻǽһ£ͱû
г⾹Ȼûãóһ
ռѾγɣǲ壬ʩչ˾񹥻
ռ侫֮
һľͬؾԪһۣ綼·Ťƽռ䣬һֲķʽ˹
ռ
һ˹һŽһ㣬ججΰҡҡ׹ī˫ĿͬˮһĹǿռܣ磬ھ硣
һ㣬ռͷҪ
ʱΪ𣬿ռΪھǰռռ˾Եơ
һǳɣʺ׽־ͻʦ˹ܱġ
ʱҽһһ˫˳ȥʯɣ
񽣣
Сɿռ䱾Դӿ罭Ӳڳ齣ϣһһʣǼһռ֮ų֣һ볽һ޶Ӱ߳ռ䣬ռ佣һһ̳
ⲻһһ
ս
˹ֽϾǰ˼ǿߣӵиϣھصһܼǽľصٮٮ֮һ
һʱһսսһӿķ
࣡
羨̺ˮˮ¹һ㣬һ޴˹ǰ۳ͣʱĶۣһƬ·жһ㡣
ˮɣ
˹һ˫͵ǰƳǾ޴ϯͬʦ滭ھµĻһ㣬һɫ䣬ķռ£һ㡣
͡
ʱܼ˺ҧˮʳˣͷƤ飬
нռӣЩزδϯ
֮⣡
࣬飬˾޸Źϣɫֳȫ٣Ǵ£Ŀ˫Ŀɫ䣬տտԣɫâض·һ˲
ء
īͿȾأ˲
˹ҡβͣųԣȴЦѣħ˵Сӣͽҵ޶£Ҫͽͷˡ
˵䣬˹ٲȻͬһֻޣ󼰡
⻯ˮ
̤ƶ𶯣޼̤Ұ˫һһȭ£
һ
ֻ˹һȭ齣ϣѹ˲

ԷԵֻ˹Ȼһ䣬ӿڴεᴩǣͨȫĿٶʱһ䣬ڽһĴߣûһ
ˮߣ
һ̣˹ȻûϹޣˮߡ
˵ޣϹ֮ʱ޽Ծ㣬֮ɽᣬ飬Ϳ̿
ͬһ㣬伫
ΪµǣˮߵĶҺֵܵһжɥȪ
˵һڶҺͿɱ顣
ʱգ˹ɵںϺˮ֮Ȼÿ·ǳ
СӣȷʵǿҵõϹ޺ˮ֮ںϣĺˮߣǵһʶҵˣҲ԰ˡˮ߿ԣ˺ҧʳһ㡣

ˮһǴ𶯣ŭҵķ籩ֻ͵ſڣ¶ڣ罣һĶէʱһڵĶҺ
߶
޵ĶҺ·ǳ
ৣ
Ȼδۼ޿ƥевȴóһ𣬼ˡ
ͣ
ٶȼ죬ҲһҺȾ˲ɻҽ
ڳԭأԲɣľʯ֣һ˲书ͻΪУض֮ɫ


927 ˭ҲȲ
ˣɫ΢䡣
ٺ٣ɣ
ˮϷ£ͻʳʨ¹ӥץһ㣬׺ݶб
˹˿ռ侫֮Ѳɫò˫Ŀҫһҧǻһҡֱϣ£һӡǳ˳С
ӡ
ƺƵϣ罭ʰϯ£ڳ৴ػҰ
·ϣ˹ˮߣһ˿֮ɫ˵Ϲ
ѹ
Ԫӿڣɫ籡ʮɫǷ
ˡһ
һɺƮ죬ϹŵϢִ̳Ƭռ䲨ƣշ·˺һ㣬ǳһռѷ졣
ʲôˮͫмɵŭЯ·
ѵ
ֻӡһͬ޿ǣһɽӡϹŽɽһ㣬ݺѹˮߡ
ӡδѹƣޱ߿ռ鿪ͬĴķѣһռѷܣֲͬҰ
顱һ
ֻӡ˺ˮͷ­ϣõĺˮ˫ĿѣΡ
ྫ֮
ǧһ֮ʣʩչ˲ྫ֮
һ̣Խ㲡Ҫչֵ쾡¡
䣡
ˮֻʶجȻһƬڰ֮С
һޣ㣬޾ָ֮пµĹʧȥ
һ̣ںˮչɡ

һҽУǺˮֱ߱ͦͦĵ˵ϣʱ𶯣غĲľʯѹ˷۴⡣
ৡһ¡
ͼˮһ䣬˹Ի
ֻǣڵ˺ۣѪͬˮɵ˽ۣһŤûɫ
⣬ʲô˹ʵ
㲻֪һƽһһƬҫֻӡ϶´˹ޱ磬ԾҪһٽ˹ɱɾ
˹
ûȵ㡣䣬ͬķ䡣
ô֮䣬һϿմ
̫ӵ¾ҡ˹ϲ˻
˭ҲȲ㡣˵
Сӣɱң̫ӵĲ㣬һὫʬΣιҰޡ˹ŭ
кβңԱ飬ԾĶ
¡
ӡѹԵǳҪ˹ѹĩ
ݣ
ڴʱһ
һ
ӡ˳ȥ
ն
Դһ㣬˫齣ն£߿ǳҸ߿գǳ䣬
ԣɱ˹ұȡĹֻһ۵ϿգЯ⣬âҫţ֮ӣӵϣ¡
ôЦ
ৣ
һն£߿ǳۣһն
ĸɱң˹ţԸҵ̫ӵµ棬ɱԼȫǲʡ
ۣ
ֻ״ɽ˹һ룬Ѫʬ޴档
ԣľصϣҪƤɱľ쳤ХɢޱϣŭţͬŭҪĨɱһһ㡣
ৣ
δ£ͼľش£ӽ٣ϣص̫֮
ˣ
ͻȻһֻƬŶ̻ҪѤã˸Ϣͬһ̫ԶȽȽһҫǡ
һ˲䣬Ծʹľصϸо˿µ
ֻ˫ָ̯ţӥצצצǧ򻯣ɴ⡣
ָ
ľر֣һ㣬籦ʯӣ£һӳԣڿԼĳӣҪڵأʳָһ㣬Բãױȡ
ݣ
һָָ̺˾޼᲻ݣﲻơ
һο
һָ֮£飬ɢƾ棬ն·һԶԶȥͬһ֮ڣҪ
ǿµϢϯأľʯɽ壬˲Ϊһҡ
ɫ࣬ǵص̫ľصʵ
̫ǿˣ
Բδ£սǣսĵԪڣһɰϢ𣬽ХķӶ֮ͬ󣬴޿ƥеķ
ལ⣡
һûʩչռ佣⣬ΪСɵĿռ䱾Դвгɲ౾Դ
ο֮ԡ
ۣ
ȻԵ͹ľһָལֽͬɵһ顣
ţЯ֮ƴ򳽻ԣɵֵȻֻһָﶼǶ֡
ʱԸов
񽣣

һһ֮䣬ԱǼľˮϡ
һ˲䣬ʩչռڣ飬߿ǳǻԣһӾ䣬ǹ䣬ǳһѾ޷ݡ
ŵ˵ǳԵ۷ʱ̡
ٺ٣ֵˡľնͷţ֮ͬӣ̤գͬѲӺɽػһ㣬ŭǣ֮һҷֻ֮ܽ
أ
أ
񽣡к󣬵ָȴǿȺ󣬼ͬʱ
ʲôɫ䣬ˣ֮ơ
ôû뵽ľصʵȻǿ󣬾ԿĽףʦܣֵܹġ
ǣܹͻƶʦ
ˡ
Ѿˣֻݱܷâ
ôˡľޱ
ݣ
ٶȿ죬ָٶȸ죬糤ƿգ۶޷


928 ľ
ѵ
ֱֳֻŷӡһռ佣⣬˺գԳռѷ죬ÿռѷָ
ɵ͹ָȥɱУȻ
ӡѹ
ԴһٶŤ˫Ŀ羧ʯһ㣬Ʒڣӡͣǧ״Сǰ

ӡֵǰ˲䣬ָͻ˷ӡϣһԽĶʣէһ·ûʲôӡҲûȻָȴ͸ӡ˳ϡ
顱һ
ֻһζҡҡ׹ϲɶֹӿһĨѪɫһѪ˲ɫ԰ֽûɫ
ףȤӡ̫ҪˡľؼԾȻûԼһָ£ɾһǷӡԵʣĿо˸ռ֮⣬Եᡣ
̫ӵӢ䡣ʮصǿߴϿնݵ
񡣡ľشһӣɫϣֺꡣ
ԣ㾹Ȼŭ̫ӵ£վڡ
ߣһһʦҲֱǲ֪
ǿɲǵЩο̫ӵ£̫ӵϣҲԽˡ
ص嶼ǲмĿųԣ˵
ɶ񣡡԰һ㣬æ۷ȥ
ӣľЦ
̫ӵ³֣Ҿͽ⳽նסһ˼ǿ߹߳˵
áľصͷ
ৣ
˻׿ųԣһЦָ̽ڹԡ
¡
նʱһֻһֻĦ϶ץ򳽻ԡ

ŭһ˲Ϣն£񽣡
͡һ
ֻĦ־ķѡ
ľɫһ䣬һƽȷɳȥɭȻ׷Ҫˣ̫Ҫֽ˫˫Ų
ǡӦ
Դӵصɭͬص֮󣬾ͬ½һо֮ľسΪ̫ӣȻҲ˸ΥȻǰ˼ǿߣľȴ˿ҷŭʵʵ׷ԡ

Իľ׷ŭһԵĶȥ
һǰһ׷ϣľصٶԸ߳һһͽ˾롣
ߣСе޵󱲣еͺ̫ӵ¹һս
̫ӵһָֻ㣬һֻһ
ҿǱ̫ӵƵˣǿ⳽Ծͬһ㣬˰
ߣ̫ӵ£Ҳӣ
ľһȣӶݵӰһ
ЩصȴǷ׷׳Ц
¾ѪߡԶݺݵĵԺٱ
ǡ¾ѪЮԣһӰûأټ
ʲô
ˣ˴󾪣ˣ
ô£ٶôһӾôˣľɻͷʶ鿴ȴûзֳԵӰʱŭѣ˫Ŀ˸ɭȻɱ
̫ӵţֻҪԵԾܲ
ڵѾɱ룬ᱻȫɱһԣΪǡ
̫ӵ£ѰҰԵĴҪ
ֲ̿æ˵
ðɣʱͷŹȥһֳԣɱ⡣ľسĬƬ̣˵
ǡ˼æӦ
һƬȺɽ֮С
ԣǧﴦһŨɽ塣Ȼϻ˵һߡ
ߣԴϲ
ȥԣҲܹ籾Դϻ˵
á̼ӿٶȣ۵糸
һͼһɽǰľ񣬹죬ʯ͹ԣŷȻ
طͬһɹХУϿûһƬƲʡ
ǿķԸܵޱߵķ֮ѪȣæȥǿҲԽǿ
ʱɽɽֻһʮɵķڣޱǴӿģʱԾǧѨ
Ѩϻ˵
̫ˣҲпܽסѨ籾ԴԾϲ²˳٣ҽȥˡ
ৣ
һԾûѨ

һ̣ǰһֻȫǷ·һֹӰ쾫硣
оˣԾ˫
ڰ֮У³·Ѩûеһ㡣
ȴǸоޱ޼ʵķ֮ڷԪӿͬӡһ㣬˷ӦãԪȫ֫ٺܾͬϪˮϴһ㡣
ˣ
һĸоӿͷóԸо̩ͨ·ڷԡһ

ڣ䵽˵ϡ
һѵķѨ֮ãóԸоѨΪԼ׼һ
ʶɨܣѨܴǧ֮㣬ҺûǱв¾ѪһԻ
磬Բ˷ʱ䣬ڰԵڣֻʱ䣬Ѿȥһʱ䣬룬ʱ䲢㣬ֻץʱˡ
֮ǳ֮Ѿ֮һ
ⷽƿأѾﵽ֮ȴһֱûл籾ԴҲ˳ٶȷԳһƣȻڱΪһЩߣͬߣٶȷ棬ǷëǰĴڡ
û籾ԴٶȾͻһֱơ
һ㣬Աı䡣
񣬽ԵѨȻܴᡣ
¾ѪԿԴ
ϥڵϣǷһһ㡣

һһĿڳܺХʮַһڷ
˷Ѩڵʯϡ٣ڵĶϡʯޱȣĺòϡ
籾ԴҪ


929 籾Դ
Ԫڵӿ²ᴩȫѪҺԪٶȴӿ죬ͷ·ڹһ㣬óԵѸ½һɫԽڳȥУͷ·һһ㡣
һУԵʮ
һԾ͸оӣĻǾ°빦
ͻƿڣԸ˲ѡ
һյʱȥԭڵĳԲӰʵֻͨ˵۹޷
Ѫ⡢֫ٺǣͬˮһ㣬óڵķ׳ɳ
籾ԴһЩ
磿
ڸ־·Σڴ֪
磬ʱ񱩣ʱ˳ʱѸʱ仯ˣԴ⡣
йɿѭֻҪѭɣͿԷеİ
磬ͬһڳйɵģ벽
ˣ
ˣ
ˣ
Ƶ벽£ͬǰС
һĸоóϸϸĥ
磡
İ
Ƽ򵥣ʵӣȻԳԵ츳Ҫں̵ܶʱ籾Դܼѡ
ʵĻͷ·˻ʯһҪ޽ɸ¥ҲǺ׵һ飬ֻҪʱ䡣
桢ࡢռ䡢ǵΣȫֻз֮
磬ڵأֺ
ʱ·Ѿֹͣﶼûֻзͷ·һһ㣬òϢһƬ޾óԵʶоԼͺڷһڷɣǷɡ
·Ϊѣ޼䣬
ǿ񱩡ŭͬһޣ˳׺ͣͬСһ㡣
ģԽһֿ״̬
ң
һ״̬·˺һˡ
Ѿʮʱˡ¾ѪһΪԻӴվںҹ֮Уͬһʲô޷ݻ
򳽻ԣ¾ѪĿܸӣܿͱᶨȡ֮ڳѾ꣬˵ۼǿʱճɾʦܣϣѾױڳԵҲһԺĳԽжǿ
ңоԼ볽֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽСԳԵ츳Ҫ¾Ѫò̫ʱ
ǿҪԼ𣿡¾ѪͷѰԼ
ħ壬ȻħϿп飬Ǵַ档
ʣԵǱĻδɾ͸ܵĻʣ嶤顣
ǸʱͲҪ¾Ѫˡ
ɱԼ
¾Ѫ룬룬ǿ߲Ҫǿ֤Լļֵ
ǿ
¾ѪͷݣԼǿ
ˣ¾ѪĿҲǱüᶨ

ʱ򣬺ȻһƬ磬ޱȣ·ǴӾĵ
磡
ԭޱȵ磬һӾ
˹һĻ¾Ѫĵ˫ɨܣʱһֻԾȻѾվ˫չͬ·Ǭһ㣬˫ſӿ֣죬˫ֺ£ֹͣ
ϲ籾Դ¾Ѫæǰݵ
ˡԿ¾Ѫһۣ˼
Ӧġ¾ѪͷһϲԽ
߰ɡԵͷ˵
ৣ
¾Ѫȥռ䣬ԷɳѨ
籾Դһɳ죬ͷ·һˣһһ㣬ֻˡ
ٶȷҲǴ֮ǰǿ˶֮һ
Ҳ˵ٶȷ棬ѾͨĽʦܡ
籾Դ֮ȻֻСɣĳ˵ڰԵڣȴǶһ㱣ϡ
ʲôˣ
ڳԷɳѨ˲䣬һ
޼ɡ粻ޡĿһɨû뵽ˣԱߣȴмص壬ǰ˼ǿ߹ż
ԣ޶ʱʧ㾹Ȼ
̫ˣ̤Ьٴȫѹ򣬳ԣû뵽㾹Ȼˣٺò粻ԣһ£ʱЦգڣ˵أ֮ء
ԣܺã̫ˡ޼ҲǸ˲ѣԼǧѰҳԣûҵû뵽ȻԶ͵ǰⲻүҪԼɱʲô
ǳԣżӴƶͬһСɽĿһ˫۴һۣм˵Ҳˡ
żСһ㣬Ҫ⡣޼̬ƽ˿壬жʱģ˹ż֮ԣæ
ߣ̫Сˡż˵
޼ɣ˾ȻϵصԸңԲʵ
ԣҪ־͹̫ˣǲò޼üͷһ壬ʶһɨȷԲǧ֮ڶû֮󣬲ŷ˵֣
ɱ
ҪŹɱ
ס⳽ԺǹŹ֣Ҫ֡
粻Ͷ޵˷׷׽Ҫɱԡ
ϣ
żƳһۼ޼ˣ֪ЩҪɱԣǴһӣصΧ
ɱ޼һ֣޾ǵƣ֪ԼǳԵĶ֣ԷԶ̹Ҫһ㣬û˵Ǿǳ̫侲ˣԼ޼ɺ͹żˣȻ˿ûܵ˼Ҫ֪ΧʮŽʦǿ߰
ɱս粻һҪɱԣĻȻŹȻҲûгǿֻǸϮųԣҲɱУһжΪǶԳкøеԵʣУġ
ԣһôˣˡ粻
޺е
澭ӡ޼ɴ磬ٿݣ˵湫ҲΪڴ˿̣Գȴû˿飬ݺݵĵԣסŷѩңȥɣ


930 粻֮

ż۹εȶ޼ɵһ־ɱУȻҲûпʩչһϯ羪κһҪûԡ
ɱ
ɽͳɷ壡
ն
ͬʱʮź͵صɱǰ
ɲǼ䣬Ծͱֹû
治
Ժεݣ̾ȫȼգӡӡԣͬһ㣬ӳ֣Ϣ棬ԴԴ
Ԫ
ţ̻۰Ԫһʡһ׽־ǿĽռ䡣
ͻʦǽ־ʣͣһף۳Ľռȴǿ˲ֹʮ
οһϣԼܼΪ׽־ͻʦһ㣬ͲǼ޼ɺ͹żܹģ˵ֻĽ׽־ĽͻʦѾľˡ
ʵȼ޼ǿһ
ΪЩԭڼ޼ɵ˺ûѡӶݣֱ֡
ΪģҪһݣҲ֤һ·籾Դ
¡
ռһ޼ɵ˵ĹٶҲ½

û˿ԥСɷ籾Դܣٶȶʱǣͬϯһ㣬ƶڡһںŵ˸Ӱм޼ɵ޵ļ˿
ৣ
ͬһЩߣ齣ͬһ㣬ոǵҽûü
á벻ǣڵһʱӶݡ
ɶ񣬹żҪ֣ɱ޼ɼһ㶣ȥ̳Źż
̡֪żüͷһ壬˫Ŀð׹⣬ǵȻЩ̰֮ͽ

˵֮䣬һƬҽͻأֻһһʬ嵹Ѫ£Բǧɵÿһ䡣
ʲôżʬ壬Ҫɱ㣡
ɱ
粻޴ûйߣȻߣȴûߣΪ֪ɱõĻᣬգ¾Ͳ֪һˡ
ӡ
޼޷Զɷʳͬһ㣬ֻ򳽻ԣȴһɱ˫ƿأһֻϿԻһɳءصѹ£·Ҫѹһ㡣
Ԫ
żǿͬһ㣬˫ҶϯſһھԪһ׼Ϣɢ͸©
һϹص岻֮ܣΪý׼˶ȡֵ
⣡
ռ佣⣡
һ⣬ȥ޼ɺͷ粻˵ĹżĹóΣ֮С
һΣǸо˹ԪȻ޹ʧ
౾Դ
һгɲ౾Դ壬Ԫʧٶȴ󽵡
ô£żһǵһ׼֮ɬǳЧԼ׳ֵʧԾһôûУüͷʱһ壬˵ԣ޼˵Ķԣ̫ˡ
ǻסʲôɱУɱľǡһ־ɱʮ꣬˵粻̺
ر
ɱ
ҫţ
ѩ죡
ԣ˻æԣֶɱС
粻Ŀ䣬ͬߣһһƽ粻
ʲôҶס粻˼æ
ռ䣡
⣡
ս޷ḻó֪ռ֮Уʩչ⣬ɱձͿīһ㣬ɭ䡢ŹֵϢķ־죬ʱֻһӿ

һ̣һƬҽ
ʲô粻û뵽޵оŽʦͱһӾɱˡ
ɶס
޼ɺ͹ż˶ŭѣԼǰȻó˿ӣֱ޿ˡ
һҪɱ˳ԣ
ʯ֮䣬޼ɺ͹ż˾һһ¹ԣȻǵһϣڴʱȴֳһ˿Ĭ
ԣˡˣ粻ЦһҪ⣬һһĸ
ôһɭֻһƽԡ
ɶ񣬼ֿҡ粻û뵽ԾȻԼȻԴ󣬵ûԴΪԼԵֵԵĵز
ԣɱʦ֣
˳ԣʦʷųϣҪɾ͸߽ʦĴڣɱǺڲݣڶȲ㣬Ϊѡ
㻹£ǻԿһ
ˣڼ̽
ߣѵҺڻûвЦһ㣬Ц˵

࣡
磡
ڼ˴ŭʩչɱУɱԡ

һ齣ͬƥһӳ糤죬ϯһ㣬ʱһƬҽֻ֡Ͻšͷ­ɳѪأɢŻϢ
ҿ˭ȵ㣿Զŷ粻Ц˵
ң粻ŭɱңھͻ𡣡
ԣ̫ˣ׻ӡ޼
Сӣ㲻ǵ壬ҹżԸѣϧձżΡɽײܣը
ЦֻɱңͲɱǲɡЦ
ֱЦ㳽Բһ֮˶ѣҺǱȽϣ޼ɲм˵
ٷϻҪɱ粻ֹˡһСɷ籾Դӿٶȱһ㣬Ĳ˼顣
𣡡
ֻ޼һƺ£׹ⱬӿͬڣֻһͷݵİ׻˳צĳ򳽻ԣ˫צ罣Ҫ˺롣


931 ս
ռ佣⣡
ֻһԽµĿռŤ仯׻ͱը
ʲô޼ɫ䡣
Ҫɱҡڴʱ˷粻ǵĲҽԣ㲻Ҫɱң
񽣣
һǰһ£ռӿķ
粻ˣû뵽ľɱԼ
ۣ
ֻ粻һΪѪ
˵粻нգȡ
ǿ߶ʱ󺧣־дϣˣȴ޷ֵе齣һȥȫڡ
ԣҪɱ㡣޼ɿŷ粻Ƿʬ壬˻Ҫɱ㣡
ɱ¾
żһƥĳײ˫ȭֳһȦѪɫԣѪɽ·һѪͷϿһ㣬һȭͼһɱ¾ն³ԣǧƵɱ¾ӵ
ȸӡ
޼гɭȻ飬˫ƽ죬ͼһֻȸɳ˫ȶȸϯͬһ򳽻ԣҪûճɻҽ
ౣȸХһ֣򳽻ԣ޾棬߶˻ơ
񽣣
齣һնȸ
֮
ͬһʱ䣬֮նż
ãǾ񹥻żǰ˼ǿߣʶǿ̸оֻ꣬ôû뵽Եľ񹥻ȻȻֻǽһ£ͱƽ⣬ˣҽһȥ
𣡡˼ǿֻһ֮ҪҰһ쳤Х
¡
һһӴޱȣаɴСг֣ſѪڣųԴҧȥ
㣬ɱΪ֣ɱ¾֮⡣
Ȼżɱ¾ãںһǿ
ռ䣡
ռ䣡
֮ռ䵱ѹ£ż֡
ء
Ȼײ׻
ӡ
׻ӡ
ȸӡ
ӡ
żǼ޼ȻŶԷѹһХʣ᳤գ͸׻ȸ䣬˵еһ֣ռݶϡķ
ˡ
ʱһɺ嫵Ϣ
ռݶľ׻ռȸռϷռݱˮ
Ĺɺƴγɣ֮Ըӡ
ɱ
޼һ޷Զīͷͬħһ㡣
δ䣬Х֣ʮɫͷףϦ̻һ㡣
ȴ̺޵ܡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
䣡
׻ȸ䣬Ⱥ򳽻ԡ
ءһ
ֻռ䱻ըѿ
𣡡
żͷһս֮ϯ˻ģ֮ҳȥռװķѡ
ż㣬¶ݣ˵ԣҪ㡣
ͬʱ⵽Ĺ
顱һ
ֻͬʯһ㣬˳ȥ̤գձը齣ƿռ䣬ҷһ貽⡣
ռ佣⣡
ལ⣡
в౾Դĳԣ㹥˵ȴʲôû˿ͣ٣һʩչ⣬ռ䣬̻ķʮغʮ𶯣ǽХͬǧڱһ㡣
ۣ
ֻޱսԳӿ罭һ㣬
ɱ
һȣԱƽż
䣡䣡
żӲֵ⣬ˣԭһǲྫ֮ʱɫֳһĨ԰ףæ弧޼ɺ޼ɣ㻹Ҫ𣿿춯õƣҶ֮ɱ
ɱ¾
գżͷХӲ޾ɱ¾ڶԭڵնʱѪɫ·ǱѪȾ졣
ʱֻһɱ¾֮Ӱ򳽻ԣʩչɱ¾
ÿһɱ¾аɳѪӡӡʮַЯһǰնһе
һżɱ¾ȳϵɱ¾ǿ˲ֹʮȫһΡ
Ȼܹͻʦܹ͹żһ̣ԲǹżĶ֡
ԣԵΣ֪
ӡ
һֵͣļ޼ɼżȻҲʱǴˣȻ֪һɱԵᣬĻɱˣҲԼˡ
ʣ
׻ȸ䣬Ĵͬʱ˻໥ںϣһƻǻƹǹ޳˼޼ǰɷԲƥƵ罭ӵת޷ת
ɱ
һ޼˫һ䣬ӡɣѹš
ʱֻĲ޽̤գͷЯϣ򳽻ԡ
ռ䣡
ྫ֮
һǽռݵٶȣȻһǲྫ֮ɱż硣
ϣһ¶ɡ
㷢һĽкӴŤʱָԭֻͣżɫ԰ףƺһһѪ
飡
˲䣬Ĳ޳ųԹżײϣԾͬ߷һ㵹ɳȥһѪ
治Ȼˣվ޷ֵ޼ɵӡ
ءһ
ֻԺݺˤ˵ϣһѪֽɫйâһ̯˵ϣ·Ѿûˡ
ãżϲ޼ɣ춯ɱ
ɱ
˭֪޼һȴǵͷײżң׵罻ӡ
޼ɣҪɱңżɫ䣬ŵ
ߣҪɱ㣬ҲҪɱ޼һɭȻ˵Ҫ־͹̫ˡ


932 Ե
أ
޺ײ˹żϣѪӿͬˮһ㣬Ѫꡣ
Ҳİż׵ϸߣһ죬㱻˺ѳ룬żԹȥ
ߡ޼ɴһץ˹żĴ䣬תۿ򳽻ԣϷʵ˵ˣڸֵ˳ԡ
ͻȻԿ޼ɣȴǹЦ
Цʲô޼ЦҲգ㶼ҪˣҾЦһ
ߣҵȻЦˡ˵
˵ʲûˣ޼¶ɱųԣδ˵꣬ʧˣֻһ㣬վ˵ҹȻûп㣬ɱ
޼ɫʱԵԵĿ£ôشȻʲô鶼ûУʵѪ
ӡ
ǺЦһӡų⣬޼ɡ
ɶ񣬳ԣҾ㣬һһɱ㡣޼ɼɫһȻˡ
ô˵¶һĨ΢Ц
Ȼδ˵꣬һѪ޼ɵӡȻˣҺأղһĻгɲ౾ԴǿţΪľԶɵļ޼ΪԼû£Ȼ޼мߡ
ԣ뿪˵ɣ˵ͷϻ˵
Ҳô롣Եͷ
ৣ
¼ʥҩ֮󣬳Դһ򣬽Եġ
ৣ
ڳ뿪󲻾ãһӰӲԶ
Ǽ޼˭
Ȼͬϣɵֻˡ
ɶмˡ޼ɻܣɫ˵ˣҪڶʱκã޿ܣһҪɱ˵꣬޼ɱԵ
޼һȴǲ²ˡ
ǾӡҪܳʱҽΣȴڴС
౾Դ
в౾ԴĳԣԿڼ̵ʱڣָơ
ҪǣԺ޵˴սˣҲڶʱԶ޸ġ
Ȼһ˵ıһأҲֻĶһʱѣԲ޼˵Ҫܶʱ䡣
һʱȥƣ졣
һʱ䣬㹻Իָơ
һκľؽ棬Ҳó˽⵽˶ԷʵԲԼԿģܹͻƶʦ
ȻҪɱĻҲܼ򵥣ֱ¾Ѫ֣һûˡ
ΪһޣӦҪִԼĶ֡
ʣľǳʷǿ֣ȼ޼ɸǿ
޼ɣ
˱ϵصԸ籾ԴҲͬľһ㣬׶༪١
ԣԾҵᣬɱˡ
հǰ˺󣬲ǳԵԸ

Ⱥɽ֮УԼԦ籾ԴֻˣһȺɽ֮䴵ҷɫԶԶȥͬһһ㡣
ʱһֺꡢ硢׳ۣĤ֮Ĺ˰֮⡣
ռ㣬а֮ޣƣԻͣƻֺ꣬йâ£·֣ٲȻһ㡣
Ե
Լ֮УĿ棬ŴϷҵİʯңĸϵ֣ȻǡԵ֡
ĸӡӡԣĶ˶ɣ·Ȼɣ˿ıʻպۼ
ⲻǱʻɣԵƵķʽдɡ
ԵΪ֣
Եĸ֣ÿһֶ̺˼ǿĵƣ䵽У·һ֣һ۷嵶һ㣬Ǹ޿ԿԴĸϸ
ĸӦǰԵԵдɣ򾭹ʱ⣬Ѿˡ𶯣֮飬ĸ֣
Ϊһߣ׷Ǳ۷
ˣˡ
ৣৣৣ
ʱһһĵصǿߺǿӿԵ
ǰĵӹһȥȻһףһӳԺ󷽴ֻһص壬߼ǿ߱ڣ״ţƥУһһ㣬ļ¡
ĻԾͻᱻװѪ
ϧǳԡ
ৣ
޻ڵһ콣ᴩأ׳ۡ
ǵصǿ߲ҽһͱȭ磬˺һֳ룬Ѫӯ졣
˻
ˣ˶һ
ǳԣ˾
ߣصֱǲ֪Կһʦƾ߼ΪҲҶ֣ʲôһλԳоĽ֮Ȼ˵
Щصʵ̫ˣ߲ٶǵϡ˵
ǳԣɱһص⻯һڷָ֮򳽻ԣһ֣
ɱ
һ˲䣬ʮص궼ۼһ𣬴˷ɱ򳽻ԡ
޵
潣
쫷ն
ˮƣ
ͬһʱ䣬ЩصʩչУɱԡ
һǰǾͽӵ̫ľصֻҪԣɱ⡣
ԣ˵ǳԺ󣬾ͺԥĶ֡
ϧǣЩֻ߼ǿ߶ѣһ˼ǿߣҲ˲˳Էֺ
Ԫ
԰񷣬ͦ籦齣һն𶯣ռ佫Щȫ֣һɱ֣ӳԿ³
죡
׻ױ
ٷţ
һʽУͽЩȫûҽ
գۼ䣬ͳΪһһѪ
ԣɱǣ̫ӵǲŹġһ߼ǿŭ
ҾͲŹһˡ
ৡһ¡
һɨҪߵصǿ߱նϣѪӿ֡
ã
ˣ˶кá
ৣ
ûκͣԽԵ


933 ʧ֪Ǹ
Ե̫ˣվ·оԼĴڣһ־֮⡣
ϹŴܰԵסĹôȻͬ죬ҳԺҲҪӵһĹԵĶ·ֱ칬ӡ
һɫİ裬񣬵ʨȵޡ
硢ֺ׳
ǳԣ޷ĺԻ͡
ԵϹŴܣ룬;˷ܣʱİԵǺεȵҫ
ΪһޣҲϣܹɾ۷ǿߣӵȰԵĹĤݡ
ʱ˿̣ǿߵĿ꣬ڳͷҲԽԽ
̧ͷȥѾ󿪣߰ɣɣǰϹޣ֪ɢϢĲ·һ񣬶ʵڵһ㡣
ʱѾӿ˽ȥ
дصѾԵҿ
ҲûڴʱǶֵ˼̬ƽ߽š
ֻ̫ˣɣڴٸϹʯһ֧ŰԵķţ۵ƣۻң֪һŲźá
֪̫ͨӵ£Ѿ
ͬʱص嶼֪ͨľأ׼֣ɱԡ
ৣ
ȴûκͣһš
ȥСı֡ˣص嶼ں󷽸ųԣͬʱ֪ͨľء
һУԶ֪
ԣȽЩ˵ϻ˵
áԵͷ
ͬԹ֮һһۣԾͽ⼸ˣת
أصɻ
ʣ
ͻȻһ
Сġһ˴
ȴǳˣһ֣û֣ʽͽЩȫɱ£ǵĴ䡣
вٺöȲ󷨣ֹһ¡ϻ˵
áһ⣬Ȼͬ⡣
һյʱϻòһ
ߡϻõ
֮ĵͼѾãֻܿԼ
ϻúͷ񣬳Ȼвһջ
Ҳ֣ǾޣԿռĲŵһ㣬Сɿռ䱾ԴĳԣҪ֡
ҩʯһˡ
һ˽һ䷿ݣԵ˶۾һȫװ䡣
ʵ̫󣬾ǳҲ޷ȫչ˵һ˶ϻúͷָ£
һѵõĺûᣬȻ

ȻԵ˽һ¥ȫ˱Ϲ
ȫƷ˵
òţȴǿãȫˡ˵
һ·ֻҪжȫȡһë
ɶһǳСõ󷨣ڴʱľһ˳оȴϻòõסһʱ侹Ȼ޷ѳȥ
취ƿһܷŹľ嫣ͬӣ𳽻ԣĿ¶ɱһӣҲҺͱ̫ԣҪѿ
̫ӵ֮ݵ
һУԶ֪
˿̣Ц˻Ȼһõҩĵط澹Ȼ˴ҩ
Ҫǣ澹Ȼһƴ

ǻʼƷҩþǸŽʦ߷ãͻʦĻʡ
ֻһƿоžŰʮһ
һʴջ񣬹룬;˷ܡ
ǽԵջԭľأʲôûеõˣڿʧ֪Ǹ
ȻһжĹ͡
ٲˣԿ佱һСѾͷ˵òˡ

ͻȻǰ˴
ѩδǰѾоŷѩϢһ˿ɱ磬һտڣбһֻһ֮УصǿΧһŮӣŮģپ˶ˣŷѩ˭
ʲôˣص̾͸о˳Եĵ
硣ŷѩˮ峺һε¶һĨϲɫ
ɱ
ûκ罣٣齣
סص
ৣ
һصǰҪסԣȴ齣룬Ѫһ¡
ѩһֻ̣Գŷѩߣû°ɡ
û¡ŷѩЦ⣬ҡͷ˵
ɨӼصһۣ˵
šŷѩɵĵͷɳ֣Ȼˡ
Сӣ̫ˣɱ
ǿеŮˣҲұֱ֪

ص׷ΧϳԺŷѩˣĿж˸ɱֻӡ򳽻ԡ
ȻҲδ֪ԵϢԲ֪

ӳԿд齣ɨѹ£ۣ˲䣬⼸صͱһѪҽûü
뿪ŷѩ˵
áŷѩ⣬ɵͷ
һԺŷѩ˾ͳһ¥֮У˵¾Ѫ
ˡ¾Ѫ֣档
ԡŷѩ˳һۣһ죬ȴȡһ˵ѩȷ£ڴ˴ͻʦҺ¾ѪΪ㻤
ŷѩĿһ˵ǿͻʦ
Եͷ²ɣȷͻʦ˵
áŷѩĻϲķʼʦųϡ÷˵ӵݣȻ֪޼ֻ֮Ѿܵãû뵽ԾȻһȱȻŷѩĲѡ
ˣҲͷ


934 ˴˵
ŷѩŮˣкöȻȸǡ
ûдŷѩʦ棬¾Ѫһ¾Ѫһ㶣û뵽˾ȻûŮˣԼͷж֡
ͷЦҲû˵ʲô
Ȼ¾ѪҲ⣬Ĳ˵ԼüΣԱԼġ
˼ԼԺǿҲҪ¾Ѫǿ󣬱ϾԼһū͡
֪һʱȥ
죡
ˡ
ڵ磬ڴһǿϢ
ʦ
Դϲֻŷѩ˳ƮƮǰѩף·֬񣬴ƣˣͬŮ·ϵĿʸʤչ֮ġ
Դ硣ŷѩԴĿԼͬԾһ㣬͸죬Ӷˡ
ǺǣѩԽƯˡһЦ˵
Ư𣿡ŷѩ˳һۣȴǰĻϲȻȴͻȻʵ
˭һ㶡
˵˭Ȼķˡŷѩ绨һĺ촽Ƶ˵Թ
ȿȿȡʱԿһ˵ѩ㡭⡭
ˣûֻ˵һ˵ѣõôķӦôŷѩ˵ͷȴ̾ЩĽ˷
ˣˡʱ¾Ѫǰ˵
죬ǰġ¾Ѫ˵꣬ʹ˺ͽŲ
طռ䡣Զ¾Ѫ˵ţŷѩ֣˵ѩߡ
һǰԾ֪ľѾƽ󣬽
ԭӦô챻ֻ֣ŷѩͻʦǵע⣬˿Ѱ˹
ԣ
һ߳¥󣬾ͼʮصһͷΧкȻа˼ǿߣ򳽻һ㶣ʱɱ
Դ硣ŷѩЩˣĿһ˿⡣
šԵͷ
ৡһ¡
ֻԺŷѩһſȥʱԪɣӿϯͬ糵ڴһ㡣
۽
˼ǿһȣʳսȫսӿ˫ֿأâ£һ죬һƬɫӿͬϼȽһ㣬ЯĽ򳽻ԡ
ʮֿ㣬УصҲʩչɱУһԵĺ򳽻ԡ
⺣
ӿ
ɣ
ս
޵ս
ָսʩչʮɫһ֣ųԺŷѩӵ
ȣ
ŷѩһͬһһεһ֮һ㣬ܲǾ֮ͬѰ۷塣
ͻʦڻ֮ǿ
ɭޣ
һأͼɭܲһ֮ͬһ㴩͸ȥ䵽ЩصϣѪ쭣Ѫ䣬һƬҽ
ãŮҲһʦ֪̫ͨǰ˼ǿɫһ䣬æ˵
ڴ֮ǰѾ֪һʦԲ˵
һ֣ȵ
ľǰ˼еٮٮߣûͻƶʦԻĶ֣̺ŷѩһ֣նɱ˼ǿߡ
ռ䣡
һ㣬ٶȼ죬齣һӣռ䵱ֶ£Щ˵ٶȡ
ɱ
ó˵ŷѩһ˲֣һھ֮ǰ˼ǿߵţҽһ㵹ɶ
ۣ
û˿֣趯齣һ̶Щȫɱ˼ǿҪܣҲûӹ
ߡ
ȡЩ˵Ĵ䣬Ժŷѩ뿪ǰϷ
ʮָӣͬԹûеͼֻܺҴϻúͷ˵ָ㣬Ҳ˳Ľϲ㡣
Եƣ֪жٲ㡣
ʣ౦˶벻
ڲռûʣסĹ޷⡣
ԺŷѩУòãȻţº磬绨ӣһ𣬾ͬɾһ㣬ֻԧ첻ɡ
ңŷѩǾ֮壬κһ˶Ī
ϣԶԼͷ㺣Ҫ
ŷѩϵԣǱ֮ʱȻ棬ȴδ㣬ദǣ֣ͬӡһ㡣
н֮ұʦס˵
ãǡŷѩһ㶣ĿųһͻȻʲôǳɡ
ģûκ˿֯һ𣬼޼ҲСŷѩ޹ǵֿ֣˵
šŷѩͷһ֣һĨݣһҵζ
Կĳֻǳһ£ŷѩͷһ£˵ߡ
ŷѩܵǰϵ¶ȣһŷĶ·һ㣬ɵıǣߡ
˶Ĭû˵Ѿ֪˴˵⡣
һΪŵȴûеõһŮ˵ܹŷѩŮӣ㡣
ԣжѡ
һж޷ֹ
һ·ԺŷѩջĶࡣ
ĵ
ͻȻǰһʮϤĺԭʼɣϢ
ذεɫһ֪ǿˣ̶ŷѩ˵ߣ
ܽҪҵȴǲס
Ե֪㣬ݡ¥࣬˴Զ
¾Ѫİ̾ҵԴ
޼ɣ
һϣԿذεӰ
ֻȫԡѪϺͱ϶нۣһһ˺ȻǼ޼ɡ
ţͬ湫ӣϢֻǴ˿̵ļ޼ȴǽذε϶մѪȴذεģһʦʵذεֱ練ơ


935 ذε
ס֡ŷѩ֪Ժذεʶ޼Ҫɱȵ
ŷʦã޼öһ£̧ͷŷѩɫһϲͳǣ֣ȴɫ˸ɱһһذεȻӡ
ذÿ
ԼˣɫһһӶ齣ն¡
հν
һϡ
ৣ
ôʱذε˳
ԣҪɱ㡣޼۾Ѫ죬ʢ̤޲ͬ޽Ҫսԡ
ߡڵһӭ޼ɣһնͷ­ת׶ŷѩذε˵
ৣৣ
ŷѩذεһۣȣСģ
ġԶذε˵
ɶͽսҷģ޼Ѿеŭû֪ʵɱԣȴɥʧǣҪһսԡ
ৣ
Ȼȴûкͼ޼Ӳƴ䵽ŷѩǰľػǰ
䣡
ܡ
ԣ
ֻһ˲ֻľ٣۹ĵ죬Ҳһۣһӣɱһ
ȻΪ޼ǳԵѡ
ɱ
Ե֮ľѾۼʮо˼ǿߣӵǰƺƴɱ𣬹Ԫͬһѹըռ䣬һжޡ
޼׵壬û˫һʱ䷢æ

ֻľۣ٣絶һն䵽޼ϡ
Ҫ޼˲ʧɫŷʦþң
˭ҲȲ㣬ҪҲҪľ˵
ľɱ
ɽѹ
񵶣
صͬһʱɱͼ޼ɱֹû

һĲҽһ죬һѪÿһ䡣
޼
ʱԡŷѩذεԶȥҽǻһһ㶡
޼ˣ
ܳĵӣ֮壬ǱϱΪ콾ļ޼ɣˣ
Ǳɱľϡ
һ㣬ǳԺŷѩ˶û뵽ġ
ߡֻһ㶣Աǣŷѩ˵֪Ҳ޼Щȣ⣬һʦľصʵȴǿĽʦӽʦο˼ǿߣ޼֡
Щ꣬Գ˿ͷһɣ޼˵δزһ£٣ŷѩһ谭ûˡ
ŷѩ˳һۣҧ촽û˵
׷
󷽣ľص
ৣ
˶ͣʩչ٣ԵϷ
ľص˵ʵ̫ǿˣֻһ³
һǰһ󣬳˽Եϲ㡣
һĴǧɿ㣬ֻԻͣķһεǰһ󿪵ʯţ洫Х·ء
ʣ
ڴʱذεеĹŵҲǷʡ
ذ֣ǰԵĴСԿʯ棬ȴʲôûпƶǰԵĴС
Ҳоˣ·һںҡذεսйŵĿ絶
ԣӲˡһ˲书ľص˽Ԫսڣľؿ򳽻ˣɱ̱ХʯţѵǰԵĴУ
̫ӵ£һǰԵĴУ򲻻˿µĵ
ԵϹһǿߣӵдͨժ£ܼѾˣȴ˴Уձ̫ӵһ̫ӵԵĴԵ
һԵĴоΪ̫ӵ׼˵ġ
̫ˣ̫ӵ츳ף˫̳ԵĴУһɾ͸ͰԵһǿߣʱͻʦҲδزܰ
һ˲䣬ķУ·һӣľؾͻΪԵһǿһ
ã˵ĺãԵĴľˡľعЦԵǳͬһӣ˵ǷģҴԵĴкǲǵĹ͵ġ
л̫ӵ¡ݵ
ذ֣ǵޣ᲻ܷŹȥϣáԼæóһذεһ磬ƽ˵
л֡ذεסͷһжš
ء
Ȼһһ
һֻ̣һ񸴻˹ֳΧϳԺľصˡ
ذεȻһֹ
ܡɫһ䣬һӣƷ̳֣ɴɵƷʯעڣһֻܾͱƻһȭͽ赲ذεĿܴ򱬡
ذεһ㶡
ذ֣ŸʲôȥԸ
ৣ
ذε˳һۣ۽ǶЩʪ󣬶һҧͷҲصĳš
ʲô
ͬʱľɫҲһ䣬ƼӵпʦĿܺ󣬾ɫһֹ
ֻǣѾˡ
ԣľ
̫ӵ£ԵĴҪɲ˵õˣ⳽ǶԸΪǡһ˼ǿ߼æ˵
ãҾͽˡľɫãǺݺݿ˳һۣƽʧذεõԵĴУʯš
ɱԼɱľء
Դ飡
ľٶȲͣһӣһɫӴҷһ׹⡣
Ϲ⹥Դ飡
Դɣнʦȫһ
ءһ
ֻܾͱײˡ
ৣ
û˿ͣľؽʯš


936 
ɱ˳ԡ
˼ǿ֯һ𣬽ԡ
ȴǺΧĿܣЩܿϹſܣǿȳʦĴڣЩصǿ߸޷ֵ
ɱ
ͬʱʮɱ򳽻ԡ
ǡ̸һʦĿܶԸЩʦĿܣɱͬԷˮһ򵥣һȭһһ˲䣬ըڶ
෴ľص¾⵽˻ԵĴɱ
ãˣ̲ס̾һ
ŷѩԭŵɫҲڳߡ
ƷػЩܸ
Ӱ
ڣеص屻ܵɱ¾壬ĵʼܡ
ֻһӲˡ
Ȼûǻۣǰǵˣֻһߣɱ⣡
ԣûһߡ
һʮصȫڿ£Ժŷѩȴһ˶ûУһбľؿĻҪѪ
жʮܡ
ɱ
ûһ˿ԥɱЩܡ
һƬըͶһصƿܵĲϣڳȴá
ԣľؽˣذε᲻Σգŷѩ˵
ߡһ㶣æ˵
򣡡
ȻԺŷѩտţͱݺݵķ˻
ô£ŷѩü΢壬ʵ
֪ˣֻе޲ܹ롣ԳüͷЩذεϾľ̫ˡ
ô죿ŷѩ
ֻܿذԼˣǰ̾
Դ磬ҲҪ̫ģȻľǰԵĴ֮أʵǿɲζܹõСŷѩԵģæ˵
˵Ķԣǻڴ˵ȺɡԵͷ˵
šŷѩͷ
ͻȻûɵһ¶
ô£ü
ôˣԴ磿ŷѩɻʵ
ûʲôüͷҡҡͷĿٿȻһ˵ԣʲôҪ
ôŷѩҲü
˶ʦǿߣ֪һ㣬Ϊһ磬ǶߵˣһԤУǳԣܹϤռ䣬ͻȻ꣬Ǿֻһܣ˻Σա
ѩҳȥ߶꣬˵ҰѿЭ㣬ģѾһľغ͵ص֣ͻ֡
ûϵȥɡŷѩ¶һ˿ɫĿ˳һۣ˵
áԵͷӳ
ԣղô£ϻʵ
֪Ҳ¡ͷļ¶ԴУŷѩһôֻзˡ
ǺǣѾͬˡϻЦ
ҲɡûзϣҲûͬ
ʶţӦķԵʶȻĽʦԹһİԵ֮УҪϤÿһ䣬ɲһ׵顣
¾ѪԳʵ
ǡ¾ѪӦһ߽װħ۵Ϊ̽ķ˵ˣҸоҺǿһʦ
ߡԴһУԦ籾Դͬһһ㣬ȥ
Ȼһ߰ŮҾҲŹǡ
ǣԴ
ԾҡǸ߰ŮӺ
ǣ˭ҲȲˡһֿޱȣúźǣӾͽݣĶ
Ǹ߿ŮӴſǻ
ৣ
һ¥УֻصΧһ˿٣֬յŮӣȻǷǣ˿죬۲ˮ֫ڵϣϹۣ
Ƿ˭
ʱɴѾпڵϡ
һ֮ǰѾ¶һƬѩ׵ļǱظȻ¶˴룬
һص忴ж¶ٺٴЦ
ǶԼһ㶣¾Ѫɱ
Сӣɱ˼ǿߺ˵
ৣ
ӡһֻ֣һźϯȻ¾Ѫ
ءһ
ʱһƬҽصǱķѣȫ
ˡ¾Ѫ̬ͬһŮһ㣬ʱ˳ȥ
ȴǴһУսӡУŮˣôԱ˿
ǡԼæǰȴǴϢһֻԼظţһĨ˵鹵ǿĳԿڸ
ҪһǣͱͬһŮһϳԵļ򣬰͹µĦųԵǣʱóͷһŻȣæ˵ǣǳԣѣ
ţֻǷѾȫʧȥʶȫӦһֹֻʹ̽˳¡
ৣ
ֻһƬ͸оԼķһŻһ㣬ǰǵŮӣ˿ˣңǰһĦţͬһ㣬˲࣬Ժһ
ԿŶķǣһ£ֻԼ촽Ƭһĺ촽
ˡͷһ̾Դһӣر¥󣬱ϵķǾߵȥˡ
Ȼһ񴲡
ţһʹ洫һϢ߿顣
Ҳ֪ȥá
˹ӣͿһϤſԼϡ
¶һĨӣ۶޵㷢ָǷӣ¶һĨɫ
ͻȻһֻ´һʹһĨգûġ
ˣʱҲ˹ǰļˣʵ
šǵͷЩ죬ɡ


937 վ
ӽҳԵŮˣססǾµ°ͣ˫ӣԵ˵
ߡһȻóᣬȴǵͷ
ǺǣࣣԺǺһЦһ£˵·
ҴǺͬһɵСϱĿųԣҧź촽˵ʹ
ԻЦʵ
ᡣǺߵ
Ұࡣסǵ֫ϧĿ˵
ҪǼæ˵
ѵ˳ԵħƣܿͷһϢڳԵϣҲߺ죬ȭ򳽻Եţᡣ
ʹ𣿡ԺٺһЦʵ
öˡǵ
ҪһΡһϲ̽ʵ
Ҫ
ðɡЩεǱл֮ò¶ӵˡ
ߡǵһЦεӣһЦ
ЦԹ㣬Թ˵Ȼ˵꣬ͼĵĿһۣһ̽˳ԵķԴȥ̳Ծ͸оԼķһķůˣ˵ĿС
һ󣬷ǲŴӳ˳һۣ˵ڸ˰ɣ
ٺ٣ҪԶһ𣬲Ż㡣˿ղָоֱϵĽڣҪһ˵ˬ˿ŽĵķǣٺһЦס˵
ˣɣ±ѩײͲˡĳԵţԴζ˵
ѩһ㶣æ·
ߣҾ֪Ǽһ˵аԹŸպԼãȻԼһһŮˣļ٣ҲԼĸܡ
ǣ˵ԼͷЦæ͵
ԣǱĬԭӦоԼΣգźŷѩֱľغذεеĴҲȥ˴룬æ˵㻹Ÿʲô߰
лл㡣סǵС֣һ£˵
һ۰ԼͷҲһϲ
ܿ죬ԺͷǾ˴⡣
أ
δȥ洫
ߡ
ŷѩԺͷǼæȥ
ڣֻľغذεսһţ£ߺȻͻƶʦˣкľһս֮
Ȼذε˰ԵĴС
⣬пһԣ˲ľؾͱѹƣˡ
Դ磡һԣŷѩԣæǰŷǵС֣Ųһ٣ٿ紺飬ϵϲɫһʲô
ǣѩԿŷѩ㣬Ȼ֪УֻɱľõļܷŹæԷ˵ŷѩ˵ѩһٸ͡
أ
˵գԱڻԾ죬˹糱
ͻƶʦˣˣԴϲ˷һۣһĿʱŸоҲͻһʦˣұԼһֻ֪ԼΪ̫ŷѩڲŷ֡
ľأվڣ
Դϲƿǣƴʹӡľأֳ齣һն⡣
ͻƶʦԵսֱĽʦѾܹľһսпʦһԲӦľߵļûС
ɶ񣡡
ľɫĿ¶ɱû뵽ʱ򳽻Ի
֣лˡذεֳ䵶̳аԵĴУͻƶʦʵƥͷ·ǵ٣ƥУ䵶ն£նǵХһڵţϢݶ
£
һû뵽ذεȻ򵶰ˡ
ǰԵĴߣ򵶰£ҲͲˡ
顱һ
һ춯صĴ죬ֻľر˳ȥһѪֽ򳽻Ժذε˵ޱȣˣ˫̬Ӱûһص̫ӵϡ
˫ĿȾѪŰϢӿ֣˻ԣذεľǲŹǶ˵ġ
ãҪܣס
ˣ̴һɱľء
Դ飡
ľؼɱһһӣһƹҴСɫԲ顣
ء
һ׺ıըһŹηɢķͼܱ˳ɢȥѾľӰ
ˡذεź
һʱ䣬ܲˡ˵
ľʵ˫ҰģɳͻƾżĻȻҴ½һвһҪɱذε˵
šԵͷذε˵ذ֣ϲðԵĴС
֣Ӧллǡذεֿ
Ǻǣ֮˵ôࣿЦ
ذεһЦ˷һۣųһЦ˵ҲӦùس㱧˹顣
һѾ̾
ôˣʱŷѩǰЦֻŷǵĸ첲ϵõľͺ׽һ㡣
ǡͷˮ
ߣҺͽ֮鲻ܣû´ˡŷѩ˳һۣ˵
һ⻰һ㶣æ˵ˣˡ˵⻰ʱȴԶڶ壬ϸ˵ԼĵһŮˡ
ߣỹеŮ˰ɣŷѩ飬ʵ
⣬Ժ˵ɡԸоһͷʹ
ԣ㡭ˣҲɫһ䣬һ˵㻹˵
⣬ðɡ̾һЩվ޷ܹģǾͽ֮˵˶Ů
ʲôǺŷѩҧűݣŭӳԡ
Բһˡ亹ˣæ˵һֱľضҪµĸо


938 ɱص
ߣס˵Ļŷѩ˵
ҺѩþͰ㡭û˵ȥǱһơ
ô˵ԭˣֻһһ㶣ϲʵ
ߣıְɡ˵ѩãߡ
ŷѩݺݵ˳һۣͷ߳˴
⡭ŶŮӰһЦ
֣Ľ㰡һԵذεųԵļ˵
ذ֣û뵽Ҳ٩ңԿЦ
⵹ǣֻ룬ŷǷ˵ǿŮӣõκһһ£ȴõ˵»˲Ľ𣿡ذεһϿ˵
˵ĲЦŵͷҲ߰ɣľˡ
šذεͷ˾͸ȥ
ǺŷѩŮǰԺذεں󷽡
ৣ
߳Եͨ衣
˶ɫ
ÿһϣʬ塣
һپ㣡
һپʬ˰Եûһ˻ų
ɱǣ
һƽ̨֮⣬ͼɱɱڣصΧסһȺ꣬塢޵е˺ȻС
棬Ѿʮʬ塣
꣬ʣʮˡ
һԣľָɱ
ɱ
Ժذεһۣ䵶һʩչ䵶ϯ󽭴ӣϾһɨһƬҽһһѪڵذϡ
ȣ
ǺŷѩŮ϶ɱͬŮ·ɱ¾ص塣
ԣذε
ľؼ˳֣ɫһ䣬ֹǣ
ءһ
ʯػһ㣬ֻڶһ㣬һȭһص壬ֱɱ˻Ѫ
ʦĿܣʵǷֻ֪ɱ¾Щصֵס
ɶ񣡡ľؼɫһҧ⣬˫һѪ
һ
ͼľ˲ʧԭأټ
ˡذεŭ
Ӳˣɱǡ˵
ɱ
塢޵Сֶ˼Ժذε֣ʿ̿ʼɱ
һѪɱ¾ڴչ
ʱĿһɨֻ˹Ȼڣ̴뿪
˹һ£ææ˳ȥ
ˣͷһɣ˹ڵصһŶʱը˵Ժͻ𵽲ɺӵá
˳ԡذεǺŷѩԼܵļ룬һԴѹص壬һٶˣҲǵֵס˲˴룬һУҪԭľܣûһս֮ġ
Կɲ飬ֻһֻҪǵص壬ɱ
Ե֮⣬⽣ӰѪĽҽһһصʬ屻׷ɳȥ
Ԫ
ͻƶʦռǿ󣬵ص屻ͬһ㣬޵еûκη֮
յʱ䲻һٶصǿߣа˼ǿߣȫ˵ϣϢȫޣѪɺӡ
֡
ŵʬ壬˶һҲѣһ˲䣬ΧȻǺͳˣ޵Сŷ衢ˣ˿򳽻ԵĿ⣬˸м;塣
ǲûмʱֵĻ
һж֪
ǿɼޣԻܣȺ֮УڵʬУûзֶ޵ʬ壬ɻʵ
ҿˡǰ˵صһڴǵʱҾͼ뿪
ġЦȴЩʧ޲ͬں漴һЦԼѾǶʦ񶫷޿»δͻһʦԼҪɱֱ練ƣⲻԺҲԼ첻в
գ˵һʱ䣬ǴҾͲҪֿˡ
á˶û
ľô죿ذεüʵ
ĻǿºѷԳ˵СΧҪֵ̫ױҵᡣ
õġذεͷڳͳԶ˿Ժľһս뿪ľسû룬˶ΣգСΧյķ
⣬һ㣬ԺذεףľΪص̫ӣ̫ˣҪɱѣڰԵȴռ䡣
ֻܾȻˣ
ߣ
˾߳Ե
㶣ֶҲųԵҲȥвǰԹ޳Եˡ
һΣݿνʧء
ʮˣֻʣ˲ʮˡ
ʮһ
ʣЩ˶ǾӢԳԵǳɾʦĻʼǰٷְٵ顣
ȻҲʧشˣҲֻͷԼ˻ں͹һһδ棬ȴǺ̫࣬Ȼ粻ڳϵģ鷢Բ⽫ЩƵľϡ
ԭ·أûһȥ
һɹһҹ
УԺذεСΧѰľأûκη֣óԺذεЩꡣ
ֻˣҲ޼¡
⣬ԺͷǡŷѩŮܵһĻУǵĹϵĽѡ
ԶֶųԱŮҴӵ̾һɫԵЩį
˶û˵޼ɺͷ粻ˡ
ڳģһǴ֮ˣȻ֪ѾˣȻǳΪͷԼ޼ɺͷ粻ľУԭֻһ㣬ǾǷһ
ЩԶиоδ
һ̣ͶŮҲѵ໥ƽ
Ȼذεʮ֪Ȥûдų˶ǸһԢЦݡ
ԴˣԲΪܣʮָˣ֮ɲκ˶ܹܵõġ


939 
һУҲ˶û뵽ġ
˭ܹԤϵ˫Ȼͬһӵأ
¡¡
ڵԵռͻȻһֻϿշ·˺ѿһĹâҫ˽
ߡԿ˶Ůһۣ˵
ৣ
ó˵Ѿһȥ
ݣ
һˣȻǶޣ
ӱ߽ǳȥǳû뵽ġ
޿˳һۣɫٶȿ磬Ȼͻһʦ
ԡǸоԼһ
ˣξͷŹ˵
¡
ڶȥĲߣľأ˹Ȼߡ
Ǵӱ߽ǳȥ붫޲ͬڳȥһ˲䣬һűԴ飬ҷһԣҪ뷽ǡŷѩŮը
ҵס
ɫ䣬һǺŷѩŮһ˳ȥֵܳǱԴ顣
ء
һ˲һ춯صıըڳ˵üʱҲˡ
뵽ˣɫҺõõһܣ֪Ե˼ˡ
ȻֻƷܣȴǲɵ͹
ˣ˶ЩĽԡ
֣û°ɣذε˼æǰ
Ƕû¡Կ˶Ůһۣҡͷ˵
ɶľ̫ƻˡذεŭ
ȥɡ˵
ৣৣৣ
˵ͷһڡ
磬Ⱥոҫ⡣
뷨˷ڰԵ뾶ˣӷ
죬ס֮ĶԼĿ࣬һףĵ˶أŲ
䶨ˡ
̫ӵµʵŻһĴ𸴡ںЦ˵
Ըǵϣաϲ˵
ˡϲص
ݣ
һӰЮһĹԣ糤ƿһӳ
ľأ
̫ӵ¡ྪϲ
ףôֻ̫ӵһˣüʵ
ڳˡľ˿һڷǰ
̫ӵ£ô£۹䶾˫ۿԿģ̸о˲Ծæʵ
Ƕˡľضʱһǳɱˡ
ʲôô˶ʱɫ䣬ʧ
ݣ
ʱ޳ˡ
λǰһ񣬱վ
šһۣɻȴδʡ
Сɱ徫Ӣӵܣ˵
ɱڴŭȫһ׻𣬿ƥ
ৣ
ֻԵȫǶ·͵Ϯ
ԡ˼Դϲæǰ
ǰ԰ݵ
ߡ˿˷һۣЦ˵
õġԿһ۷ˣ˼ĵͷ
ɶ񡣡һͷͷ˵ԣΪɱ徫Ӣ
ԡ켱æ
ǰ԰˰֣ĿӭϷڵĿ⣬˵λǰѵһеԭ㲻֪𣿡
㣬ʲô˼֧
ߣľҪɱ꣬Ǳȷѵʲôɣ˵
ʲôд£ɫһ
꣬ôһ£һ쿴꣬ܣĮ
Ҫʲô˵
ˡҲû뵽˳һۣԲ˵ȷʵҷɱоӢӵܣҲʧ٣ҲͳƽˣԺ󲻻ˡ
עؽе
ȥһӣһźڹ׸졣
ߴһսУ˵˴ΰԵ֮оʹ˽ϣһοִ嶼ûкô
ߡٴο˳һۣľؾͳͷڶ˽ں
Ҳ߰ɡ˵
ǡԣ˶Ӧ
ޡĿһɨ㿴˽ڲĶޣһЦǺԼɱˡ
ǺŷѩŮԼذε˶ע⵽ޣɫơ
Ȼϻ˵ȺϼһﾹȻԪס
Ԫ񾧣ʲôɻʵؿһֻǲ֪Ǻ
һЩ߽ʦԸǰΪĲͨ˻ͬĵղϼһｻ׵ľƷԪ񾧡ϻ˵ǾŽʦȼܹıﰡ
ƷԪ񾧣
Ԫ񾧷Ϊ¡СƷһ˵ŽʦȼƷԪ񾧣˽ʦȼƷԪ񾧣߽ʦȼƷԪ񾧣һ׵ʦܣȼ޷Ԫ񾧵ġϻý͵
ΪΣʵ
һͻ߽ʦڸ߽״ڣʵ۾壬Ԫ񾧵ҪԴҪԭ򣬾߳ɾ͸߽ʦܹԹ컯ءϻ˵
Ԫкãٴʵ
ÿɾʹˣ򵥵˵Ԫ񾧾൱ȴ󡣡ϻϸϸ˵ʦŽףн׺͸߽һǵͬͻʦһҪҪȴϰٱֹ
һ˵һʦУܹһɾ߽ʦѾˡϻ˵Ԫ񾧵þǰʦͻ߽ʦͨƿع
˻һ˵˳Ծ
ٺ٣ղһöƷԪ񾧡ϻ˵
ǿһ߽ʦԾ֪صѾʼıݣ½һƾնһλ߽ʦһܵ顣


940 Ԫ
δ̫ˡϻЦһöƷԪ񾧣ܹʮ߽ʦѾллˡ
һ
ΪأϻЦЩƷԪǾŽʦɣ̺һΪҪͻƸ߽ʦҪܸߵ϶ȣҪǿһʧܣĽ֡
ȻںϳɹĺôҲǶ࣬͵ƾնһݾŽʦܵŽʦ嶤飬Ϲ֮ʱҲʢСϻ˵Ը꾧ΪȼԪ񾧵˱Ͼ
һ˵Щʢ壬Ϊҫµĺ֡ϻ˵
Եͷɾ͸߽ʦ̫ˣԪȴ࣬ȻɵĽ֣֮·ɹʣɾ۷ǿߣҲȻ
ʱ˻ص˲֮
̫ҫգƽ̨ϣǰڵȺ
ôô٣˼˶ɻʵ
ȸԻڰɡ˵
˹Ӧǡ
ҹһأ粻
޼أ
һں̫ϳ϶ɫ䣬Ѱ粻ͼ޼ɶ˵Ӱ
찡һûлô£
ⲻܣܣأ
λǰǾʲôˣ
ڸɴܶɫţٶȥȻֻвʮ˻

һӣһۣ˵˴ΰԵ֮Уÿһ˶Ǿһڴ֮ǰϷҲѾеΣԸλѵλûһ׼𣿴еصһҴ½ȴжʮ
ǰôһ£ֻ׽߳ʵ
һжǵص̫ľΪҪɱҴ½вߡ˵
ʲôɫ䡣
гԺذεˣҴ½ʧʢ˵סصҴ½ԹȻȥ߱£صߣɱ⣡
ǣһڴܼæݵ
ԣذεǶϷ쵭Ȼ˵˵ȸɢȥ뿪֮
ǣٰݡ
Լ̫Ϻ߳Ϻ󣬺ذε˶ȥ
ɽһʵĹڡ
Ϸʯϡ
ԣϸ˵һ顣öº˵
õġԵͷͽԵ֮еϸϸ˵һ飬ȻԼȴʡˣľزɱ飬ȴ˵ϸϸɫһ侳ĸо

Ȼ֪ӹ֮Ҳ̲סһ
ǰҴľ֪յصͽݣ⣬Ǻʹ½ĳһϡɫص
ʲô˶һʵʱ棿
ľ׿ڶ˵ģȴ֪˵
Ǹңɫ
ص壬ǳ˱ӵˣҵҪ˭ҹǣŭ
Ӧġ̾
硭غͲ˶϶ɫ䣬ѵô
ôңɫƽ˵صȻҴ½һδͳһ֮ǰɭһͳصһ£ͿԽݴ½
Ҵ½Ϊݣһδһͳοݣڸɻͳһһһصս󡣡˵
Լǡ˵ֻبžˣ֮ǰħ֣½һٰܣδûԭ򡣡
˵ͷ˵ҪȽص年ҳ
˵Ĳǲܴݾߡ˵
磬㿴ڸôʵ
ȰϵţӦصĽһһ
ȥš˵
Ҫ죬ҵĵص岻̫ʱ䡣˵
õġصͷ
ǰһ¡˵
˵
ذֵõ˰ԵĴСЦ
ʲôԶʱһϲʵذεģ
šذεͷ˵˵һжǳֵİҿѾľˡ
̫ˡ˴ϲذεͳһд˵ˣȻԵѡ㣬Ҫúõȡճɾ͸߽ʦ
ǡذεӦ
һϢɡ캬Ц˵ԣ̫ллˡ
ǰˡЦ
ʱһۣͼ˵ԣذε֮ʿϷ˶ŵùˣƷԪ񾧣ȥɡ
ݣݣ
ƷԪ񾧷ֱ䵽Ժذεġ
Ԫͬһ㣬ֻɫīȥ⻬ޱȣȥֻһ磬·һ㣬ȴԪԭ꾧
϶˵һԪ񾧵á캬Ц˵
õġصͷԳԺذεԪ񾧵ôϻһ޶
Ц˵ˣԪ񾧵ãԼ÷Ѿ֪ˣպʦͻ߽ףͿô
֮ǰϾѾ⣬ԺذεԪ񾧣Ƿһ˽һ˵ȫ
лǰԺذε˹ݵ
ˣذεӽڲ֮ڳ㣬Ҳԡ˵
ǰһҪʡԺȻʵ
Ŷ˵
ǰ֪Ԫʵ


941 ӭʽ
ৣ
˻һϾһ켱ʵԣ֪Ϣ
ǰ㲻ҪҴ֪ģֻ֪Ԫںδʵ
ԪûأϷҲ֪ܲĬһ£˵
ô᣿Ծ֮˵½Ȩôỹǲ֪ģ
ȷʵˣԪֻ֪꣬ʮǰͻȻ֣ʮűž֮һ˵⻰Ŀ䵽˳ϣ˵ԣϷûв´ĻеǱ齣
齣ţ֮ѵʲôϵɣذεɻʵ
齣彣˵
ʲôذεԳһ򳽻ԣ˵ѵ˵ŵˣ
ŵӣһ⣬ߣҲߡ쿴򳽻ԣ˵űʮǰ㲻ʮ꣬ӦŵӲǡ
ѵгŵӣʵ
ǵġ⻰Ѱ˼ڣԱ
ԭˡͷ˵ԣȻѾʦǿߣϷҪ㣬ԪͬһˮɲҪ³ç°
λǰȻ֪һ㣬ֻ֪һЩԪϢѡ˵
ͺáɫһɣ˵ǶԪҲ֪ú٣㲻ʲô
磬˵ص年᲻ԪغȻ˵
ܡ˵
ְռԪϢܿŵ
ǡ˵
ԣһйԪϢҾ֪ͨ㡣˵
лλǰԹݵ
ˣʱȣܣܾȥɡ˵
õġܿ죬غͲ˾뿪˴
ǰҪҲˡԹ˵
ãȥɣҪСĵص塣˵
֣ҪСġذε˵ҪԵǰµĵͲˡ
պǻвսĻᡣЦ
šذεصĵͷ
󣬳ס̫Ϻ߳ԼڵȺ
ԣŷѩͷλš̫˵
ˣԽӹţʵ
ţǶѾһţһɽˡ̫ϵͷ˵
ԣģʱյĳɾͣȫ԰źɽףǲ֪ܷӦ̫߳ϼԿɿźЩأЦ˵
̫˵
Ǿλ̫ϳˡ˵
졣̫߳ϹЦԣ˫ժˣġ
ǺǡԺǺһЦ
ϷĽСˡ̫߳Ц
ˣȻڣߴ顣̫߳˵
á̫ϳųԼ˼۾ĵͷ
ˣһЦû뵽̫ϻһ档
ৣ
ܿ죬һ˾ϴ󣬻ڡ
һصڣԾ͸оﵽ֮ĳ̶ȡ
̫Ϻ߳Լ˶ʮָˡ
ǺӵѾõϢԵ˽ջع飬¡صʽһȴǺ֣̫ϴԼʮ̫ϳϡ
һλӭʽʮֵׯϣ
ȫ峤ϡӶڵȺ򳽻Ե˵Ĺ
óԵ˶ʮָж
ȻԵҲٴڡ
һ
һһӣӳΪżĿꡣ
һ˽һ򵥵˵ӺǺӵأû뵽Լݵʧ֮
һ߶ʧˡ
ӺǺӵ˶ʮָˣϾһʧ˻رݵˣﵽǧߵ㡣
ܶоٶȵĴ
ò˶ãݾͻӿֳ̳ˡ
ͬʱھһŵӴϡص㡢ʮ˽ǰ졢ʩҲŽǰʮһŵǰʮˡ
ںܶ𶯣һЩ϶ԹޣǿƽɢϢ
ȴǱǺӾܾ
ԽԽĵϵ˵ϸˣĳԱѾﵽһǧˣΧԱ࣬ǧˡ
ŵ˵£Ϊ𣬶ԵҲԽһǱ񴫻صϢԼ𶯣֪˳֮Ѿȸˡ
˵ĳԱеĵλѾԽǺλ
ԴˣҲʮָл
Ͼ̫ˣڸûеԱ⣬ųԵ㲥һʱ
ҲǺ³ԵǵԵʣڴǺӻڻӭʽص볽Խ̸ĵţſԸµȨԴˣԺǸм
Ȼܴԭǳһ֮ںͶݡ
һ棬Ϊ˰ԣڡ
Դˣӵһ̫ϳ϶ʮͬ⡣
ΪˣԽص弴̽½Ϣӣ׼ȴ֮Ϣ
Ȼӵ˶һųԣδϢȥڰгﻮ
һʱ䣬ȫʦæµ
һеȻٲ˳ˡ
ͻʦ󷨸ˮѾͻƵ˶ʦ
ԴˣʮָˣøһЩϵĵҩݣҲǸһ
˵󣬳ԲδӡǺӣŸʹá
ĳԱѾͻƸ߽ף߽ס˽ʦŽʦûһţʱ䣬ĳԱͻдŽʦӿ֣Ǹʱ򣬳ԾͿԸĳԱ


942 
ڶͷһóԾȵ顣
塢ӵǰ˳ûж⣬Ͼȹ˵ؼڳӡ
ȻһγҲ˳־һͳ֮ìܿǴڵģ˵һҲǱ
ԣ룬Եóɡ
ΪһҪɾʹµˣ֮ǱӵеģҳӴȷʵţͻʦԶӡ
󳽻ͬȴǳΪΧԱҲˡ
µĹ涨ΪĳԱҪȳΪΧԱʱ㹻ʱȻǳΪĳԱ
Դˣ˶ʾ⡣
Ϣ֮󣬶ʱ𶯣Ϊ˿ɶųϣƱسɾʦΪ̫ϳϵһҲζŽ̫ϳϡ
ɲһɲС
ЩԭҪɢˣ˳ܿǺӺӾͷȷڵĺϷ
Ϣһʱû
һųϺųΪԱ顣
ЩˣԶͳͳܣΪΧԱ
ԭԱһȳΪЩ˶ųϡųϣΪʦǿߣȻֻΧԱŲ֮󣬾ͻд˳ΪĳԱʱǾͻܵѹơ
ϡص㡢ʮʩ˸Ƿʳ
ΪʸԱǸоѹ
ԴˣԶ⣬ʲôطһ࣬ͻڵص֮ǰһֳĲΧÿšӢšͨšִţѡʵصĳԱΣÿһţѡȡһųų
ϢһʱԱķڡ
Ȩ
飬֡
ΪųÿһԱܶ˶ΪĥϵҲ⣬Ǿ仰ΪϳԱǶ뵣ųΧųҲǺõġ
죬Ǿҵ˳ԡ
ſϵϵĽ֮ɫ΢΢һЦһº˵⵱ȻϣǶΪųֻ֮ǰǱһ顣
ʲô飿ϵ˶۰Ͱ͵ųԡ
ʵ˵Ƕ֪ŴųϺųϵļ룬ΧԱʵѾԸȥĲԱʸĲųʸΧҲˡ
ԣϵ˶أʵĻǸûһ˿ᣬ˳⻰ǵǼһϣ
ȱ˵̫硣ԼϵЦ⣬˵ȻžΧԱĲĴųʮųְλǺĲȻвнʦҪɲô򵥵顣
ǰ
ԣ˶ɫء
֮УϺʮص˵ΪߣҲֻĽʦĳ̶ȣҪʹʦԱų֮λἸ㡣
ʱ򣬳˵Ȼųп˵Ȩһ»˲
ԣϵ˶ǵͷ
ʵϣ⻰˵Ļܼ򵥣һѡһ˵ų²һ˲Ǵ˶Ȼϵˣʵ㣬岻סЩˣΪų´û˻ʱ¾ʹ²пܡ
ΪԸĺȼ鷢
ԣֻܹƽѡȡ
һ㣬ͬ˵ϵ˶ףԲԹԡ
ȣʵϵųһųҲǿԵġһ˵

˵Ĳǵʵǡʩü΢壬˵
ǺǣҰȫĿˡЦ
ԣϵ˶򳽻ԣʵԣѵΪİ취
Ȼ˶٣һףҵǿġЦŵͷ˵⣬ϣҲǻȫȡųҲҪһų
̫ˡϵ˶ɳ⻰ʮָˡ
ˣƿҩȥɣһЦһһһƿӳУƽ׵
˵ŵϹ֮ʱƷҩǣڽգȴǼ䱦ʦ߷ãһ֮
һԷһ׶δͻƣٶ࣬ûˡ
Խƽ׵ĹЧ˵󣬿ϵ˶ʮָˣọ́Ͼ츳ǿҪѡ
ƽ׵ȴǿͻʦˡ
Щ׺ѧǿѡ񣬱һһѧһסԴһʯϾͳѱȻǱ׺ѧؼ
ǵģһ⻰ϵ˶Ǵϲ۾⡣
ţЩϹǿѡɡԵͷЦ
ৣ
ûһ˳ɣȫΧʯΧѡʺԼı׺ѧ伮
ˣֻһЦ
Щӵصͷ粻޼ɵеȵòڿϵȴһñ
󣬿ϵ˾ͽʮ
ڴ֮䣬̫Ϻ߳϶˶ԺŷѩǶŮ֮¸ǺӺ̫ϴӡ
ڴ£ǶͬΣͷܹšɽһϵĻܹڴ˴κƽĻᡣ
֮󣬲֮ˣһλ߽ʦ
ȼ˳ԣȻټӺǺӡ
һж˳£ѭ֮
ȻлгԺܴĹϵ
һжڻϣ
ʱ䣬ڵķ²ãǳϻãϹͳ̲á
֮ǰķʤֵܹ֮࣬ʦܵĹǲϲ㡢ΪδָĻϻûܹøǿ󷨡
ȻӺǺӵ˸˲ѡ


943 ɱ
º󣬿ϵ˵ΪõϹѧִϹϹűףһ
ĲΧųʮųְ֮սʼ
ڲУ
ʱ䣬ͳˡ
ĲųɿϵΣų죻Ӣŵųųص㡢ʩ˵Σͨųųʮ򽣵ΣصִŵųԼų
ųҲɳŵΡ
򵥵˵ĲųųһԱΡ
˲Ҳ޼£Ϊǲǿϵ˵Ķ֡
ͨų塢ӢųͨųӡִųųɰųϵΡ
ְλʵû˸Ҳ
⣬ԶʮūҲǼǿԴԺ󣬽ūþͱÿпˡ
ԣѡūǽ
ʮūеǿߣͽʦнʦǽ󣬾Ǽ޾ŽʦҲһս
ΪԺսԸһߣǽռ䣬ɷͬѵ
ʮūɴǽһ飬ڣΪó̵ıһ˵
ó̸˲ѡ
ȻҲΪ˸̼һ㱣Ͼʵ̫ˡ
ϣƽ޲ʵڰжɵĽš
һºһж׼׵
Ծǰס
̫Ϻ߳϶ΪԵǰͬס
һҲʾڶµӣϾݶžŽ۷ʦܵĴڡ
Ϊ£ӺǺӶ㹻ӣ׼˴Ƹ
һգһϴ̫ڸ߿ҫ߷䣬һɳ½
г˳Ժ̫Ϻ߳ϣʮųϡ
ȥţؾǣΪǲд󣬷еĻ֪ҪѶʱ䡣
ݴǣϹžʹڣ˿ǧһľ޳ǡ
һ֮󣬳Եǡ
˳ǾŲǧһһ·УֻҪʱͿԴﵽˡ
һƬĮ紵졣
쵽ˡ̫߳Ц
ôԣʲô飿̫ϵ٩ǲǺܼ
šЦŵͷǰʹӦѩģû뵽ղɡ
óһˡ̫߳˵
ٺ٣ҲһĴܲ˭˫ϲСأ̫ϺٺЦ
ʮų϶һЦ
ѩˡҲ΢΢һЦĿԶţ

ͻȻһɱ֮

ʱﶼǱХɱ
Сġ̫ϼȵʲôˣϷ
䣡
ʱһֻһӰ˷۵糸Ȼʦܣʦ
̫ϳϣ̫ɫһ䣬֪ǰΪ£
ûֻҪǽԽһޱԣ˸ǣ粻Ǳɱģ㵽һˡ
̫ŭ粻ǵصϵģһλǰѾ˵ˡ
ߣǷйۣԸһ˰ɡһ
ҪǰţλҪ赲˺ꡣ̫߳ϵ
ֹɱ
ৣ
һӣʮʦܾΧ˳һˣɱ¶
ң̫ŭ
֡߻˵
һ£Ҹߡ⽣֮ʱ߳һƽ˵ҸһˣҶ˺ڳϣҳԽ벻ӳȥնȻڡ˵꣬Ծһ˳
ԡ̫Ϻ߳϶ɫ䡣
λ̫ϳϷģҲûµġЦ
ߣʲôߣһͽʦȵ
߰ɡǰ
Ҳûн԰ǲԸǲмʮʦ֣ܳԸԣѾɱţˣڽǼֱԼԼϺڣ
ǳҪġ
ৣ
ߵ˴ӵųһˣȥ
ʱ󣬰ߺȻͣס
ܣһƬɳĮһˡ
ףȥڰɣԺȻʵ
Сӣ˭˵ҪѺˣһʦЦ
סڡ߳ܣĿĿųԣ˵ԣΪѡ֮أ㿴⣿
ҪɱңԵʵ
ȻǿûйѺڡߵͷ˵ˣڰĴͲϼһ˵ĻǣͽʬιɳĮĶЫ࣬ʹȥ
һ˲䣬һʦܾͽΧסһɱֶ
һ£Ƕ֮ǰ֪˭ǣ粻Ǳɱģ԰һһۣʵ
ޡߺȵˣڸشϷˡ
ȻԵͷȻ˵ûиһЩ
ʲôûɵģһͻԱֵ̫ƽˣûһ˿ʶ·ǸδԼ˿һôܣֻһʦ˿̱ʦܣʮʦΧס
Ц
ৣ
ֻһӿӰϢҰ
ܺ¾Ѫ
һ˵
ħǿߣߵɫ߽װħۣ
͡
Ȼ¾Ѫȴһֶû˵ʩչֶΣѪĽѪȾգҽ
ȻֻǿʦԸЩͽʦȴǴ´ࡣ


944 ս׽
㾹ȻͰħ年ᣬϷҪɱ㡣һ飬һ򳽻ԣ羮£ץ򳽻Բ
ˣ¾ѪһģͽĳѪҽûü
Ӱ
һ˲䣬Ĵʦܣ¾ѪɱͽʦܱĶӣֻ¾ѪͿܸǣɱ
һЦǵĴȫȡһʬ޴档
ߡԵ
ݣ
ڴʱһȻԶն糤ɿգ䣬һпռ䡣
ʲôɫһ䡣
ħƣ
¾Ѫ̵ڳǰһĳħƹӡա
ꡱһ
ѡ
ʲôʱߴһ졣
׽ڣȥ̼ǵϤӰǱϣҪɱ׽ڣû뵽ڰУ벶ȸȸں˼
ɫһ䣬ɱ
ৣ
һ£¾Ѫһħƣϯ
ɱϷ򣿡׽绢׷һϮɼ죬ĿףſڱϯЦСħ年ᣬͼı죬Ϸͽɱ˵꣬ұ۷׹⣬١
䣡
һЮУͬɢ֮׵£Ƶ
ˣɫһָ⻪˸
һ
ֻܳ罭һˣͬˡ
һ̣ԴһƷʯڣһһɺƴϢɽ˵飬䲻߽ʦȴȻﵽ۷ʦĹ
ܲͨʽֻȭţ֪ʹʿһ㣬ηȭ纣һ׽ڡ
޴ѪУ
ͬʱ¾ѪХͷ췢裬ħ޽ɭѪѪһ㡣
һ¡
Ѫ⣬һڰѪնħԪϣն
ʲôŻɫƽ׽ڶʱɫһ䣬ǶСôûиϷ򣬳С˰ħū⣬һǿĿܣ߽ʦܣԽս¾Ѫ
˿ܼ룬Ͳһˡ
һ׽ڣһ˿ɵȻܹġ
һ£⡣
Ҫˡ
ѪħԨ
¾ѪѪ٣ѪϣתһͷѪҺɫͷŭţɢѪһϢҡ·ʱпܳȥһ㡣
¡
ɿռڵĿ˲𣬱Ѫ֮⣬䡢ʴǡɭȻϢӿ׽ڡ
أ
ͬʱնЯսսɴȣһȭɽӱǳ䣬յĹԶڱˡ
ûսһȭһʽս£ܸǿɲ⡣
۷¾Ѫ
ԣв׽ڵʵ
һ˲䣬׽ھ¾ѪͿѹơ
ն
ױ
ռ䣡
׽߽ʦܣɽ̫ϳϣʹ־ܣͷ·Ļ˼壬˸ζھ¡
һ˲䣬Ƭըֻ׹ӿХݺᡣ
Ȼȴ޷¾ѪͿܵĹ
֮
׽һŭ⣬񣬺ֱӳԵ˫ĿҪ硣
ռ侫֮
һΣͷڳͷ̾۾ռʱܵռ䱾ԴӰ죬֧飬߽ԣ׽ڵľ֮
䡪
Ժһ˻αǻָԭ
ʲô׽ɫһ䣬ɭȻǿռ䱾Դ
ն
ͻȻһ춯صĺֻ׽˫űӳܣһն¡
ءһ
¾ѪѪħԨȻը˳
ݣ
׽Ҫܡ
Բһһʯ˳ǰ৵һ£ûУʱһֻʯ˷·չ޵Уɭ׽ڣӲˡ
հν
ʯ˱ԿƣϢнʦһն£죬һ赲׽ǰ
ƣ
׽һϢԨ񽣺ն£鿪
ˣɫ糣⣬֪һܹ˺׽ڣĿֻһ˿ʱѣˡ
Ѫն
¾Ѫ߽װħۣó˵׽նȥһ˲ǣʩչ˾ɱУһƬѪƳ׽ϿգһڰѪ֣һն£һƬض·˺ѳ롣
䣡
ͬʱܺɱ򣬺޻ڵһȭȴ̺޼᲻ݵ
׽ڱ¾ѪͿܼлȻֵס¾Ѫһȴһȭ˱ϣŤ·ҪĲҽеСɱϷɽ㡣
ôЦƥ򣬼ȻҪɱңǾҪñɱ׼
ñɽ׷ɱ׼ɣʱ򣬾ûĲ֮أ½ûоȵ㣬Ҳѡ׽ĿͬϹޣһһ߲ʡ
䡱һըȻɽ֡
СڿʼҪɽ޾׷ɱˡ׽ڹЦĿĿĶųԣ˵ôں˰ɣ
԰գԲ
Ȼ׽ȴΪԱŵˣЦϷʴȺھ͸һᣬ̹ϷǰϾžŰʮһͷڵԼ˫ۣϷͿˡ򲻽㣬¶𡣡
˵𣿡ʵ
š׽һ㶡
˵ˣҾȥɡԵĵɱ


945 ɽ׷ɱ
أ
ֻʯ˾ӡѹȥ
Ħƣ
¾ѪףϢڣ̤Ѫӣ̧һƺ£ѹķԲɶһƬա
飡ͬʱܱһȭ׽Դ
ס֣ڴʱɽϸӵ˳֡
Ⱦң׽ڴ
˭ҲȲ㡣ԵĻ޷赲
£һʵĲҽֻ׽ڱӡű¾ѪһƺˣͱһȭԴʱѪĽģ׵һ罦˳׽Ϣȫޣ߷һ˵ϡ
ۣ
Ȼ⻹ûнȡĴ䣬һưһţճ˻ҽʬ޴档
˺ֶΣʱһ㶡
ɱ׳ϣһ˲˵
㾹Ȼɱ׳ϣһ˲˼ĵ
ǳԣһ˾һ㣬㾹Ȼɱ׳ϣϵ¶û˾ȵ㡣
ɱǡ˵ֻǳʦΪ¾Ѫɱ
ৣ
¾ѪһѪƹҷһѪҺɫĺۼͬѪؼһ㡣
Ӱ
һ˲䣬˾ʧ˷ȥ
ȻǸֵ¾Ѫɱ¾

ҽ𣬾ͼʬ˵ϡ
ɽΡ׳ƣɽշ಻ɽ˵һɽΪɽ̨ͤ¥󡢸ǽߣСˮȪٲӦоУƣͺ˼ɾòɷ
ɱɽ̫ϳϣ޿ˡ̽նɱ󻼣ʱһɽ
ৣৣৣ
һ˲䣬ͼʮʦܴһׯµĴڷɳ
ʦԲġһ¥֮ϣһվپ£ϾŮӺ
ǣ¥벽Ӳ˵ǣɱ׳Ϻϣɽˣɱ֮ʦͷʦ
ʦ˫ᣬС̣Ĳѣǵǳԡ
̾һȥ
ͬʱɽһϢڳɱɽϣɱߣ˭ɽĽͣǧƷʯƷԪһö
Ϣһʱ䶯ݡ
һӣ֮ͽһѰҳԵӰ
һ죬ں͹һһʮʦСӣݣѰҳԡ
һ˲䣬ˡ
š
һСϪ뵵ɽڣһɷ˳ȾһϮ£ɽٵŮվ峺ˮ̶ԣ˵ʲôˣԴôᱻɽ׷ɱأ
Ůŷѩ˿٣ȣչ£ˮеü΢˵УҪȥҳԴ硣

ৣ
һɽ֮£齣ɨӵ漸ʬ壬ü˵ѾǵĲˣɱҵ˲ٰ
ٺ٣Ҫɽ̫ˣǧƷʯһöƷԪ񾧣Ⱥö¾׷ɱнʦܣҲòôɣϻúٺЦɽҲƻȻûнɱ׽ڵϢȥֻ˵ɱϣ޹ֺô˸ɱ㡣
ЩҵûпУҵɽЩ˵Գʵ
ҹմ˿Ѿˡϻ˵
̫ˣҳᱻҵüɽĵ̣Ҫҵһˣʵڲһ£οôЭ
Ȼ¾ѪͿܣɽ˽ŽʦܵĻΣˡϻ˵
ɣԾ
˽סŽʦ׷ɱԼɲǳҪģԼֵɽ
ҿɽӦǵõʲôϢ򲻻ϻ˵ò
ֻ뿪ݡ˵ţ漴ҡͷ˵У뿪гɣɽĻڣһҿɾͳڵˡ
ߣϷ֪һɱ󣬾ǾŽʦǰҲǾһȴǲһЩϡϻ˵
ʲôɱôԾ
Ǭ󣡡ϻúٺЦϹǰħǿ߶֮£ɾŽʦƿأɱʦ޿ܡ
˻棿Լæʵ
󶼱벼óΪҪԸɽӦ֮ĵص֡
ɱʦܣ
һƣûзŹĵ
Ǭϣ㵹в٣ϾڰԵڵջɲСȴԪʯѪˮֲϣֻҪֲϵ֣ϷͿԲóǬ󣬵ʱֻҪɽɾŽʦǰپɱ١ϻʮ˵ϷͷָʵĻٺ٣Žʦǰˣֻ
ţҸո˵۰ԳһУҲҪĲϡ˵
ȥɲСϻ˵
ıò̫ˡ˵
ԣҺͷԷӡϢֻҪ㲻֣û˿ϳϻ˵
ã˵
ৣ
һԾͻһʧ
۰Գǣ
˳׳ͬɽﳤڶ࣬ǿơ
һԪ̻С
Ԫ̻ᣬʮǰ۰ԳǣʼźԪٰ̻˲ٴᣬϹŵҩ䡢ݡ϶٣ڼʱڣͷչΪһĴ̻ᡣ
Ҳ۰ԳһԾΪĳС
ɻǣû֪Ԫ̻ˣһ齨ɡ


946 Ὺʼ
Ϣ𳽻Եע⣬Ԫ̻̫ˣɽĴ֣Ҳ޷չģл᲻Ԫйأ
ڿв㣬ǲҪϻ˵
һ㣬ȼ֪
Ԫ̻ʱȴüȻҪſԽ룿
׽Ϊɽ̫ϳϣ߽ʦܣ㿴ĴûԪ̻Ĺܿϻ˵
ҡ۾һ鿴׽ڵĴ䡣
һϲȻС
һưƴСĿƬɫԹӲޱȣ֪ʲôƳɵģƻֺ꣬ׯϻԪ̻ǰϿƬ
ƽ𼶹ӭ߶һɫŮӣòѣӹԵĿƬְҵԵһʱȳæĶԳ˵ǻƽ𼶹¥
ԣһϲû뵽⿨ƬȻ󣬲ȴƽĥĵͷʾŮӴ·
Ȼǻƽ𼶿Ƭһ߽ʦܵĺ󱲡
⻹˵Ԫֻ̻߽ʦܻƽ𿨣нʦܣҲֻͭ
ЩǺһ󣬲ܹȵġ
󷽣ʱ
ֻһЦʱ¥
¥ӸûʣԳɣͬһ㡣
롣Ůӽ쵽һĹڣνʯͶɣȼƣ¯ȼգճרź˵һŮӣ껪Ķˡ
룬ὫһʱУһЩƷŮ˵
šһΣԵͷ
ŮӹȥһԶ껪Ůǰ볽ɵϣһŮӶ¸ĦһŮź򳽻ʳ
롣Ůͬһ㴵ڳϣˡ
꣬ͷһܣһǵ׽ڵıˣȻûʲôÿˡ
㣬Ǹһӵ˶Ȩζ
ʮһУɽ׷ɱһóԺܷɡ
ǰһĻͨڵʱǹһȣû뵽ɽˣں͹һڶʮнʦǰ˵ɲɣɶߵһҲ¥һҡ
ҲãֻҪǬҾͽһ򾡡
ʱĿһֻһòݣŮһ˽
󣬸нʦܡ
Ⲣ𳽻Եע⣬Ŀſ꣬˵
ľأ
ȻòͬϵϢȴ߳ԣ˾ľء
û뵽Ҳˣ
ǹһ˿ȤĻȣ˳㽫Ҳɱ
ľأص̫ӣһص½һȷһ𵽲ɺӵá
⣬ľطͬˣɳгɾ;ŽʦܵǱһҪɱԣôȻҲҪɱžһв
̶һʱԼ˲ŵ̫ϳϣ붼ڲ֮
һ᲻򵥣򲻻˶ʦǰͷ˼ģϵʯʮֳ㣬ڰԵڵջ񣬾Լ֪ж٣׽ڵĴʯɲ١
Щ˳ԡ

ʱĹ峺Զ
ԭֵĴһӰֻһ׷ߴӺ̨˳
߽ʦܣԼһԪ̻Ȼǲƴ֣Ȼһ߽ʦһᣬδ̫ݻ˰ɣ
Ȼ̨֣˾һвٺöǿƱƷ
һϿԪ̻ߣǶ᲻֣һˡ
ǿҪúÿ
һ˲䣬
Ұ΢΢̧֣˵ȻҶʶϷҲͲ˵ˣõԼλʱҾῪʼϷһǲλģڿʼһƷԴʯ
Դʯ
찡һԴʯȱʯ
ԴʯǸ߽ʦ߲аٷ֮һĻ籾Դ
ԴʯҪˡ
δ䣬̷ڣ˶ʧ
ȻǷԴʯҲһһԼûаˣһǴ˵ȱʯôĶ֪ˡ
û籾ԴԾԻὫʯ¡
˵ٷ֮һ籾ԴĻᣬǧʮһҲҪ
ԴʯͼΪһƷʯÿμӼ۲ʮƷʯλԾˡ̬ƽͣ΢΢Ц
һ⻰Զ˿
һƷʯɾһǧƷʯƷʯϡе½һƷʯɲһСĿҪ֪ʮҲ߰ٶƷʯһöԴʯ൱߷֮һʮļ۸ʵڰ
Դʯֵۡ
öԴʯûȤ˵ᣬԵǿĽζ
һһʮ򣡡
һٶʮ򣡡
ҳһʮ򣡡ܿ죬һ޾ŽʦΪۣǺ˳
ߣһʮƷʯҲҪԴʯҳһٰʮ򡣡ţͼһ޵оŽʦ˵
ԣǷϵλϣȻ۸񳬳ĵߡ
һپʮ򣡡
ܿһ˳ۡ
򣡡
һʮ򣡡
ٶʮ򣡡
Ļûн½½ʦۣܳЩͽʦܣԴʯȻ󣬵нʦܻ
ҳ򣡡ʱ¥һ
ľأһĿһƺ⣬Цʮ򣡡


947 Գ
ڳԲԶĹڣľɫһ˵ʲôҲҺİ򣡡
ǹһ˿ƻЦ⣬ȴûٳˡ
š
ˣ˶ʮɻڵĹҿһۣĬĬ
ɶˣҲɣľһ˵ȥ飬˭
̫ӵ£ǵĵ̣ȥĻ»Щ˵ע⡣һ˹˵ҿӦûʯˣǹΪ֮
Ȼ˾ͷŹˡľ˵
ˣԴʯ䵽ľС
ֻһСѣδ˵Ĺȹע
ɵĽУÿһƷ˵ֻۣΪÿһ֮󣬷ŵƽʱԿЩѾڵֻϹʱŴڵıò˶棬֪Ԫ̻εõЩģ
ʱȥѾʮƷһһδᣬʮ¶пܣԽ棬ĶҲԽ
̣Զ̲סҪ֡
Ԫʯ
һĸ֣һ£Ŀ⿴ȥֻиʺӣкȻһ鲻ʯͷʵɫ
ֽʯǲ󷨵ʯŵϹ֮ʱʮĶݹŵأʯϹǬزٵĲ֮һȻǬǰѾʧ÷ҲһѵƷλɴЦĵͼʯÿμӼ۲ڶʮƷʯڿʼģ
˻һʱûû뵽ʱ˰󣬲뵽ǲϹǬزٵĲϣҲȻˡ
ֻǣƷʯȴһʲСĿ
ô󣿡ҲǳһûаԵ֮У߰ٶƷʯζ
ȴͬˣղһ£׽ڴоһǧٶƷʯвٵҩݡϣԵãҲǷḻޱȣʯǧ⻹á
һԾнӽǧƷʯ
û뵽ģҪ֪׽߽ʦܣҲֻһǧƷʯǧʲô¾ǾŽʦܶò
һ㣬ʮһ붼ûôʯ
㣬ⳡҲʮĵ
˵Ĵһ㣬дǮ嶼ӲһЩ
˿̣ݳԺΪ
ٶʮ򣡡ʱ˳ˡ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
򣡡
Ʒʯ󣬵ڲ˵ԪʯȴһɶõĲϣҪ´¶֪Ҫȵʲôʱȥˡ
ǶЩ󷨴ʦ˵ԪʯУǾǿĴڡ
ԣȻֻٲ˳۾ģ۸ȴϲˡ
һĻʦЦ۾
İ򣡡ʱ򣬳Գˡ
ˣӳԵŮСԾĿųԡ
ԭŮΪֻһ棬μᣬֻǿְˣΪ֮ǰԿһƷûоģżһҲˣû뵽˿Ȼ˸߼ۣԼˡ
Կ˶ŮһۣǺһЦöŮһ죬Ҫ֪ԿǺӢģһ˵ʣʮֵˣЩŮ˵Ī
úø󣬵ٲǵĺô죬ЦŶŮ˵
ǡŮ˵
İ¥ĺŹİƷʯ֪һλԸߵļ۸񣿡ϿĵЦˣԪʯȻ󣬵ƣܹİѾǼû뵽ô˳۸ˣߵļ۸
İʮ򣡡ʱľغȻۣ˵̫ӵҪǲҪԪʯ
򣡡Ȼ֪ľأֻüٴγƷʯ
ã¥ĺŹƷʯ֪ߺŹԸٳߵļ۸񡣡ϴϲ˵
ľط񣬹âɣӡ
ȴɫ
һԵĻæ˵̫ӵ£ԪʯȻǲĲϣ̫ӵ˵ȴ֮
̫֪ľذ˰֣򵥣Υʮ򣡡
򣡡

˻һʱȫ䶯
찡ƷʯһöԪʯҲ̫ܼ˰ɣ
ԪʯȻ󣬵ϾòǬ棬Ȼ󷨣ȴǾԲϣϴ棬ƷʯȷʵһЩ
˭Ȼ£
ߺҲ򵥡
һ˲䣬۷׷ס
̫ӵ£ʯҪ;һ΢Ҳľɫ粻һۣæݵ
ѾˣֻһҪ֪˭ľػ˵
ȥ졣һΣûоܾʵҲ֪ʲô˾Ȼ̫ӵԣ
ͬʱԪʯ͵˳ڵĹڡ
Ʒʯüëһ£˳ȥԪ̻ĳϾȲѣȴûжʣ˳ȥ
ˣŮҲϲ
һϹħ챦ħɡЦеɨһۣǳԺľڵĹңͣһ£Ȼ֪ԺľǴԾ
˵ֻ꣬һΣһεĽг˸̨ϡ
ħ챦
һ⻰˶͵ĿⳤνС
ৡһ¡
ֻƿУһƬīĹԵӳͬһںһ㣬ɭȻϢ⻪һһѺɡĿС
Զһֻɡϻͼģʮֵĸӡ£ɽޣʮֵ»ɬϲ¶ɻ֮ɫ
һ⣬Ҳɻ
֣ħ֣ޣҲħޣٶɡͿʩչһħɡ˵ɡʩչؾѾ̻оϷʩչλɡ
á˻һ˶ʱкá


948 ħɡ
ϵͷĿ䵽ħɡϣɬѶ
ͻȻݳһɺһɺƴܹϯƥ޺쳹ֻһĽ˫ͷǵĹħޱڶһɿнʦܵϢϯˡ
𣡡
ħһ𣬻ħˣɫ䡣
ǿ˾
ˣֻǵһʹ÷ѣ໹֣ϷʩչλϺЦ˵
ֿھǿ󹥻ʽչǰȻ߽ʦֶܵΡ
˻˼˶һϺĵͷ˵ħɡϹħܵıֹʽλѾˣԱ߽ʦܣȻ⻹Ϸֻ߽ʦΪɰ˽ʦʩչԿԱŽʦ
ͷ˻棿
ǰɲҪǣ
ħɡô
δ䣬˾۷׷ס
ߣѵԪ̻ƭǲɣҸղҲʩչɡˡһһ㣬˵벻ģǣϷֻǸѡ
Ǵɡļ۸Ƕ٣ʵ
˶۰Ͱ͵ϣڵ˶ɡ
ħôȻ̾˵
ˣħɡ˵һħǿߵû뵽ڴ˳֡¾ѪɡҪħԪ߶ӳ
Ŷ飿΢죬ʵ¾Ѫħɡãܷӳ
ң¾Ѫһ㶣æ˵ˣħɡĻԶԸͨŽʦ
ҪƵģЦ
²ң²ҡ¾ѪԻֲ̿æݵ
ˣ֪㲻ңôʱˣҲûһĶᣬҾͽħɡɡԺЦ˵
⡭⣬¾Ѫлˡ¾Ѫʱ
ԣԺЦ
ҲĴ㣬һȷʵ糽˵¾ѪʵǿҲһĺô
λʱϺ˵æ˵ħɡĵͼƷʯÿμӼ۲õʮƷʯλԾˡ
˻
һ۸񣬲˶һô󣿡
ЩΪߣͨ˵˼룬ЩһͶ˵Ʒʯһħ챦ȴֵõģֻȴǵ͹ħɡ˵
ʮ򣡡
İ򣡡
İʮ򣡡
򣡡
һ۸Ʒʯ
Щ徹Ȼ㸻Уľɫ
̫ӵ£Ϊˣ۲Ҫսࡣһ˵
̫ˣֻﶷҲֻǵصӵƬúɽľĿ̰ĵͷ˵
Ĭһ£ľسˡ
򣡡
ֵĳ澲һ£нʦۣܳʮ򣡡
߰򣡡
ڳۡ
߰ʮ򣡡
˰򣡡
۸һʱͣ˰Ʒʯһ˵һʼ򵥵֣ҲֻЩɽŲų
ôߣԾ
ˣҪˡ¾ѪС˵ȻҪħɡҲ֪ԵʯޣҪĶδΪԵūܹͣ¾ѪѾˡ
ߣ㲻õģʯһеġһ˵
ʱľغȻۣŰ򣡡
һǧ򣡡Դ˵
һ˲䣬
һǧƷʯɾһƷʯ
˶ǵһЩڵʦܶ
һǧƷʯ¥ĺŹһǧƷʯ˳ߵļ۸𣿡죬Ŵͣ붼·ΪԪ̻ĶʦһƷһ߼۸񣬶־ģԳԳߵļ۸
һʯ
⾿ʲôˣȻ㸻УһǧƷʯ¾ǾŽʦҲòɣ
飬һҪҲʲôˣ
һǧƷʯ찡ʲôͷ¾ɽĶҲ򵥾óİɣ
ɽţûҲ𣿡
һ̣˾ۿڴ̽Եݡ
Ԫ̻ıܴʩȴ⣬ǶһľطŭѣŭһǧƷʯȻôࣿʯʯͷ𣿡ԭΪħɡĪľŭ죬ȻһʵǼ¾Ͳˡ
ľһֻܷ
¥ĺŹһǧƷʯĵħɡһΣϸ˵
ȻҲ֪ܻ˳ۣͷǲɶະ̼˵񾭣˵˴һͿٴγأ
Ҳûٳۡ
ħɡС
һǧƷʯҲȥˡ
һõħɡԾ͸оʹϾⲻǸʹõģ˵Ǽٵģӽ˷ӡУ˵ȥɣ
лˡ¾Ѫŵħɡϲݵ
¾ѪõħɡԼõ㰲οԼͷźࡣ
ˣһƷһʮѵõϡʮճϾôһǧƷڴЦ˵϶֮Уֻһ˿ͿٱŴϷ˵Ѿµ⼴Ʒ˰ɣ
Ǹ˶õĸ𡣡Ц˵
ͷȻ󣬵ٵĻҲֵǾİ
ԽԽмֵ
ͷϲвٸɣôܣ


949 벻ĺ
ڣļα뿪ЦﶼʮڴϾдĻôһ˿ɾֵˡ
һ𲢲٣һٽϺЦ˵
˻
˻һ˶һʵͷɲҪЦֶ˵Ϲ֮ʱҲһһϣ˽죬ѾԽԽ٣ƽʱʮﶼ㾹Ȼ˵һٽļٵģ
ǰԣ˶ʮͬ
ȴţʮ֮˾ģԪ̻᲻鿪ЦæʵϻãǬҪٸ𣿡
ʮĽϻ˵һЩҲһЩ
ǾͺáԵͷ

ͬʱڴһƬֻ֮ǰһŽ⣬۶Ŀ۾
𣡡ʧ
ȻǸ𣬿Ӳ٣
찡Ȼô𣿿ͷ˵һٽ
ǱõʱɽĶѾӲ֪ص弴½ԶõǲƱҲǺͳһΪкܶɱҲҪ
λ˰ɣϹЦһٽĵͼΪƷʯÿγ۲ʮڿʼ
ʮ򣡡
İ򣡡
İʮ򣡡
δ䣬ʱ˳ֻۣգ۵Ĺ򣬼۸ǵƷʯƱȵħɡҪϼ֡
ߣһٽɽҪˡʱһֿ𣬡ʮ򣡡
ͷһٽ²ɽܹµģڲҪ𣬲øΣǸ䣬һӲ·һ㣬򣡡
ɽҪҲҪô죿һһº͵Ц˵ų߰򣬾ϺųλҪˣ
ǺǣԪӿûô󣬲̫ϴϳɣţһҹһڳ߰ʮ򣡡
һӣˡ
ڵˣοЦȻ½˵ȴԶԶ
ɽһڡڡ˰ŮӰĦĳЦǺǵ˵ھһ¡
ߣЩ½̫ɶˣԺЩͳͳҵص׵۹ġľһɭȻ˵˰򣡡
˲ɽ˰ϳ˵
ͷͲҪˣڳ˰ʮ򣡡ڴЦ
Ű򣡡һԪ
ɽһǧ򣡡˵
ɶһǧ򣡡ľصǱõЩ½õˡ

ʱ˶ľڵĹңɽں͹һڵĴܶ⣬ǶţϣȻеҺĴڣĿǴ½
ٺ٣Щ˱ŵˡľؼ˵˵
̫ӵԼǣϾһǧƷʯҲܹͨóġһе
ǿɲͨľ˵
ǡʱ亹ֱðȥ˵
ʲôˣҲҺ𣿡һ˲䣬󶥼ŭѡ
ͷһٽ𣬸˭һ㣬ҺƽΣԪɽͷ
áͷ
һǧ򣡡Ԫ
ڲǻжҪôʯѵǺͷˡһڴߵ
ЩˡԼ°˵
һǧ߰򣡡ľؿݵ࣬ŭɶǻкܶʯ𣿡
һǧ˰򣡡
һǧŰ򣡡
ǧ򡣡ľɫɶǻжʯ
ǧ򡣡С˵̫ӵ£ҪĻǼͲˡ
ɶ񡣡ľŭ
ѣǺΣһٽҪʮͻȻһľض
ľһ㶣㣿
ڹڵĳ¶һĨЦû뵽ԼȻһԼɱ˺Ҳûа취ϻǧƷʯҪ𣬿½ѪˮʯͲˡ
ҲˣԪĳһϣôҲֻѰ˺
Ȼȴٳ֮Уѡľء
Ҫʮ̫ˣһһ룬ʮľص
УҪʮУǺжҪģǲģҲɣ˵벻У˵ɣ
ãҪʯľӲ
һΪԵ
ۡ·ǺǾģԷһ㣬ľؼæ˵
ԣԵȻһЦҲľطڣҳǧ򣡡
ǧһ򣡡Ԫɫ˵ѣҪˣһ棬պ
治˼ҲˣøҰɣպЦ˵ǧ򣡡
ʲôǧ򣿡ԪʱĿɿڴ
Цڱصã
㡭㣬ݡԪɫɭȻȻǷ˾ġ
ӸɽҶס
ǡͽʦڹҸ鿴١
ٽ¥ĺŹǧƷʯ֪λԸٳۣѾ״ˣ˷ܵĺ
ԣһʮֽŵĶŴ
һ飡
飡
Ϻʱ򣬳˿
ܿ죬һнʦܾͽһٽˡ
ͬʱĻľأҲͳһݡ


950 Ѫˮ
һǧƷʯɣɱ⣬ƽ˵
һǧƷʯأľ䣬˿飬˳һۣԭɳԣ󣬲ʧȴûб¶
ʮɡԶԪ᳤̻˵
ԣϲδ֣ʮԣʮľأʯ뿪
ɣ԰˵
һ£ʲô֣ľĿĶųʵ
Ե
ԭǳ֡ľĿһ˿ɣȴʲôûпֻգЦ죬ڴ´κ
ҲǡЦ
ľصͷ뿪˹ҡ
ľأЦȥʵûлɵңѾ֣ȻһЩѾ㹻ˡ뵽˴ԲһЦ
ʯĵͼƷʯÿμӼ۲ʮƷʯڿʼġһٽǧĸ߼ۣʮָˣƷҲǻԲ
ʯнľˮԡ
ʯ˵Ҳô󣬵нڵ˶ԣȴһ
ʮ򣡡
򣡡
ʮ򣡡
򣡡
ʯȻûиôܻӭĵҲ٣нڵļ̫ϳϣЩʦʦҲֻǲõʯ
ʯнڵ̫ϳ԰˰Ʒʯȥ
Ķ˵ǰѵһıɽĶӵеĶ
׾

׾
˵汦ȱȽǡ
Ѫˮ
ʱϺȻóһ«˵֮ˮѪˮʮĵͼʮƷʯÿμӼ۲ʮƷʯڿʼġ
һûаˡĿâ
ѪˮǲöɱĲϣһЩаõõǶԺɱ¾˵ѪˮһǶƿظӴ졣
ԣ˶˾ĵ˼
򣡡
ʮ򣡡
İ򣡡
뾺ĵ˲Ѫˮļ۸ܿƷʯ
ûֹͣơ
ʦʦ뾺ģЩɱ¾ʦܣѾѪˮΪ֮
򣡡
ʮ򣡡
߰򣡡
߰ʮ򣡡
ģ뾺ĵʮˡ
һǧ򣡡
ڣԳˡ
һϻˣͫһ˿ϲ¥ĺŹһǧ򣬻û˳ߵļ۸񣿡
˻
˻һʱ˵һ
˾ʲôݣȻӵ˶ʯ
˵ǰղǸҲģǿǧƷʯһǧƷʯ֮ǰĵԪʯǧƷʯôʯ¾ɽóҲҪ°ɣ
ٺ٣Ǹ߽ʦҲͰˣҸղſ˲ͽʦ´˿Ѿ˶ˡ
˵ļǣ˿ӣ
˶ڵۣϾԳʵ̫ˡ
˸ҶˣҪ뿪Ԫĵ
ͷͷİɣһʦܲˡһλ˵
ɲһӸĿŵľģҵк֡һλ߳ʵ
ߣʲôˣں͹һڣֻ·һԪ˵
ʦ⻰ǵͷ
һǧһ򣡡ʱɽϳˣ˵СӾʲôݣȻ˶ʯ˱˰
˵ǣҿݿɣ˸һݣƤݻƵͷ˵
ȥš˵
õġݻͷͷ
һǧ򡣡üͷһ壬ٴγۡ
Сʯǲٰ¶ŭ֮ɫһǧ򣡡
һǧ򣡡ûκԥƷʯѪˮڱصá
ˣȥɡϳһ£˵
󣬴;
һǧƷʯѪˮȻˮ󣬵ֵ۸񣬶ڳ˶˼֮˳ԶѪˮص֮ģҲͲپˡ
ǣΪźУѪˮԵõ
ֻֻȥһǧƷʯһԿɾĳ⵰һˡ
ǽǬĲϴˡ
ô˵ѵ滹ʲô𣿡°ͣ
Ԫ̻еᣬ˵½ᣬ˶ۼһҲֻ֣һȴǼжһˣ˵ûʲôԾԲš
գԾһ
Ķʮֱʯĸ֮Ǻɳȵȼ亱Ĳϡ
֮һľصС
һ᲻Ǵᣬܿһȥ˵ڶ죬ûнף˴˿̣ÿһƷ󣬵ͼ۶Ʒʯۣ˵磬Ʒʯˡ
ˣ
ڳԼµʱ򣬺ȻһԽĹ
ȿȡֻ̨ϵһʮֵԽÿһ˶ܹܣʣ˵ˣҪһˣڴˣϷԪ̻лλǰһƷ
˵Ϸ·ǹһ٣˵źܶΪ˴ϷҲͲˡ
˵ȴǻһתЦ˵֮ǰϷȽһ¡
ǰħ½ҵϹŴܲηħ½½ѾʧСԽϿڣһƷħйء


951 ħͼ
ţħ½޽һ͹ʱħסʱ½ҷ֮ʱħδüĶȫߣΪպǰһأһλħǿ߻滭ͼģħסĵص㡣
ħǿӳ½;Уҷնɱеĵͼȴδλܵõ֮ʧϵһջ·𹴶˵ĺħкζ
ڴڼ䣬ڶʿѰңûҵݵͼڽգħ幬ĵͼڱһλǰˡ˵
ԣҲһ£û뵽һƷǴ
һüȻħסͼΪҵҪYͼóԼȥѰҲǺܺ
Ѱ¾Ѫ¾Ѫħ½Ƿ޽һ
ˣ㾹Ȼ֪飿¾Ѫ
ô˵ģ˵
ȷ£ħܣ˺ħ֪ϢҲֻǴһλ˵£Ǳ޽ȴǲ֪¾Ѫ˵ĻµǿԴȥ⹬
ԣЩʧ
ͷȻͼҵΪҵ˲ȥħסĹóʱһλ߽ʦʵ
һ⻰˶ͷϡ
Ǻǣԭܼ򵥣λǰеͼȴͼĵַ˵ݵͼħּأҪʮѣλΪΪλǰҪͼó
ԭˡԶǵͷħ֣һ¾ѵˡ
ˣڴҶѾ֪ԭˣϷҲֱˡϴһӣ˵յͼԭ˵Ҫݵͼûеͼۣλۣ۸ߵʤ
£һƬž
˶ɣǶǱˣֻƬ֮УͿжϳͼԭ˶ȻһλŽʦܣļʶδҳħ幬ڣԼܹҵ
Ȼδ֪ģ
ԣ˶ž˼ֻв˶ġ
ҳһ򣡡ʱһͽʦС˵
һ
˶һ㶣϶Ц⣬ҲǱ͵ļ۸ɣ
Ԫ̻ᶼѾ˵ˣͼûеͼۣһҲûʲôԵġ
һҲħ幬ͼҳ򡣡ʱһģֿ˴
һ⻰Щ̫ϳ϶̲סЦ
ҳˡڣ̫ϳϳˡ
Ȼ۸񶼺ܵͣ൱ڿпޣ̨ϵȴ΢Ц·ĵͼ۸һ㡣
ʵҲˣݵͼѷҲħ幬ĵͼıﲻɼ˵ϵڱԼͨأ
Ȼ˼Ĳֹһˡ
򣡡
򣡡
ʮ򣡡
½½̫ϳϳۣ۸ҲʮƷʯ
ˣͼҾͲˡ˼һ˵
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ĻڳֻķȴС
¾ѪȻǬԪħ幬Ϣһ֪ɣԺȻʵ
ȷʵ֪һݺͶݡ¾Ѫ˵³԰ħ壬һ½ͱפڵǬԪĶȥ¶ԶݻǺ˽ģħ幬Ǳ޽ݣһ֪
ô޽ݣʵ
ԭܼ򵥣ĴӪԲܻ޽ݡ¾Ѫ˵
ǾֻݡݺͱݡԳ˵
ˣĺҲ˵¾ѪȻ˵
ĺȻ
ĺħȽĵطĺ֮УռĵطǱ¾Ѫ˵
Ƕ붫ݲǱѵûУʵ
ȷʵˣȻҲǵ޷ֻҲһѡ¾Ѫ˵
΢΢ף·߽
ȴûв뾺ħ幬ͼľȴǲ˽
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
϶һŲˡ
ͼǱõһð棬Ϊ˴ͼľΥ
̫ӵ˵ǡæ˵
ˣЩ죬û뵽ͼһӾôˣҲκ˶ṵ̂ϣɲ١
һ򣡡
ڣļ۸һƷʯϺ⡣
۸
ҲóԽ׹Ϊͼͼˣûеͼۣõĵͼۡ
οݵͼ;вɺӵ
һʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡
򣡡
۸ҡֱϡ
۸Щ˵ʲô
룬ȻЩζҲ뿴ͼ˭֣
Ȼϣͼ䵽ľС
򣡡ʱľٴγۣһĿزݵơ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
İ򣡡
һʶݵͼı
ⲢԵϣͼħֻ滭ȥɬѶɽĶ˶ħоҪ֪ЩǴħ½ҴĴڣûһ̣Ǿ޿ܵġ
ɶ񣡡Ϊߵľľأû뵽Ȼô˲ֱǲԭ¡
򣡡
򣡡
˰򣡡
󣬶һЩһᣬǶе̺͵Ҫȡͼҵħ幬Ȼʲ֮һһҵأ
Ƕ˵ֱһ컯޷ͻʦ£˵ҵͻʦϣ
Щ˵ջ
Ű򣡡
һǧ򣡡
һǧһ򣡡
ңʼüļ۸Ŀ࣬Զһ


952 ׼
ȴħ幬ͼȷʵֵЩ˷
һǧ򣡡
һǧ򣡡
һǧ
ļ۸񲻶ϱ仯ٶ֮죬ʮء
ǧ򣡡
ڣͼͻǧ
һж˳Ծֻһݵͼ
һǱһλŽʦܣ궼δĵͼ˵ӦһĲֵŶԡ
̨ϣЦ⣬Եʮָˡ
һݵͼߵļ۸ȷʵЩԤϡ
֮УԪ̻󷽣һԺ֮УŽأļ紺һƬž·һĹȡ
¥֮ϣһλɫۣߵ˸ֶ
վ·ƬأзӿϵĽȴǲ·ֹ
ˣͼһλ˹˵
ͼ˭֣ϸҡĿ˵Ʈ죬ûã·ǴشǳĿС
ǡ˹˵ˣݵͼһЩͷֻݡݺݣò˶೤ʱ䣬Ϳҳħ幬ˣΪҪͼóȥ
ĺĿ˵ԭ֪˵Ϳˡ
ū˹ȥ
¥ϣֻһˣ񷣬Ŀ·͸ƬգһƮƮдˣֻоʱˣ뾡ͼ
᳡
ǧ򣡡
һ˲䣬ž
ݵͼҲﵽ˱ߵ㣬ֻжᡣ
ľɫĿ𺣬ɢȵĹԣ·Ҫ̼佫¥ݺݶŸ̨ϵĵͼӲǧ򣡡
һӣ

䣬ȫȻ˶û뵽һݵͼȻĳĸ߼ۡ
˼ԺЦ˵
ǧһ򣡡ɽϳĬһ£ҧۣǧƷʯɽ˵ҲһʲСĿͼʵ̫Բ۾ġ
ͻʦϣ
Ϊ¾Žʦսﵽǿߣ޷ͻʦͷ·һһ㣬ЩŽʦܵѰͻʦķǰԲܷŹ
ͬ˼ĲֹϣľŽʦܡ
ǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡
ǧİ򣡡
ʱֻɽľᡣ
ÿһۣһ۶Ҫʱ䣬Ȼ̽Էĵ
ǧ򣡡ľҧ
ͬƤһ¶һĨЦݣǧʮ򣡡
šԣľĿ¶ϲɫǧʮ򣡡
⡭ϲɣû뵽ƻ
ˣԵȻһЦľؿǵص̫ӣֶֻΣҲЩˡ
һĻҲ˴۽硣
ɽǿ½Ķǰֻܳû뵽վȻܹ൱ϼһﶼʮֳ졣
ȴĿо̽ԷĵߣҲ;עһˣ˵ǧ˰򣡡

˻һʱȫ䶯û뵽ɽһࡣ
ɽĵͼˡ
ǧ˰򣬶ɽ˵ҲһĿ
һûаˡ
ˣ˶˽ۡ
ϼһĵôľһЦеǧŰ򣡡
ӸԺһͣòű˫Ŀһֵ˵
ã˵
ˣ
㣬˶֪ɽǷˡ
ãħ幬ͼǧŰƷʯһΡ˷Լˣ˵
ĬȻûгߡ
Ȼõˡ̾һֹҲûǸʵڱ˵ǧŰ򣬾ǽóһƷʯҲûС
ϻһۣҪ֪ٳˣǾħͼľصõ
ˣ
һ죬ֻ΢һ˵λ͵˽ˣϷٴδԪ̻лλĲ롣
Ǵ۽簡û뵽ɽһζԱ񡣡
Ҳн죿
٣ͽʳ˭ôᣬ֪ˣͽһɽһɽߡ
ҿͼΣˣǿɲʹ˰ݡ
˵
꣬˵СһЩҲ룬ɽһںΨҶʹưոݣ
˵Щ˿ɾˣϧۿ
˰ɣ㿴ҲˣǻǸϽԶһ㣬꼰ء
ڣ˽˶ǵۣʶ
ʱֻľشҴ¥뿪Ԫ̻ᡣ
һͼɽϵ˸ȥ
Ȼˣ
ˣ˶뵽
Ǹǻǻ㲻Կȥľأ̵ɨΪĦĶŮһۣ˵λҿǶǾŽ׵ʦΪƽ͸ǰɡ˵ţԾ͸˶Ůһһƽ
лӡŮʮֻϲݵ
ˡЦ
һ߳ңԾ͸оĿ䵽Լϣһɨֻȴǹһںڵϼһ
ˣԷ·δһ㣬¥ݡ
ȴû뿪סһҲĿջ
֪һںҪԸԼȥԿûô
ϻãһжˡԽһв϶ӽռڣϻòǬ
û⣬СѾͷҲҪæϻ˵
ŶϻүүҪʲôСѾͷܿɰշཱུģҪȥһ£ôϣԲĴ۾ʱ⣬µµȻŲʿˮˡ
̰ԹҲռ䣬ЦһԴ
ߣѾܾûԶˡһС첻˵


953 ɱ˶ᱦĹ
㻹ҪԶ𣿡ݸһЦ
ǾޣֻҪһ㾫ȫԸһпռĸ룬֪жá
óԡһ棬ָһԲʯ촽˵ЩʯЩҲǿռԣҳ˻Ϊ϶١
Ǻǣ󷨵ģһԵġЦ
ģ۰Ͱ͵ųԵ
ȻˣȰϻò󷨰ɡСԴ˵
ðɡ
ھͿռвÿԿһС󷨣ʱͨЩϣ۳ռ乥;񹥻ϻ˵ǬԭҪʮ˿ƵģֻˣҾԭĻϸһЩԸŽʦû⡣
һж˵Եͷ˵
¾Ѫԭ߽װħۣħɡΪȻͻư˽װħ۵ӣóһϲ
һǬǿ
ԡ¾Ѫ˶ϻ˵ƿһ󷨡
ʱ䲻֪ţһֱӳԵں͹һ̫ϳȴ߲ѣû뵽ԻһȥͲˡ
Сӽջôöѵ볣ס𣿡Ԫ˵
Գϣ˵᲻ģһλüʵ
ܣû¶ţôῴԪһڷҿпıʲô
ܡߵͷ˵һʦթ꣬ھʵǰһҲġ
СôϣһҪ֡ԪɭȻȻʵˣгСϢ
ûСҡͷ˵ѾйעڣûзֳСڵϢˡ
ɱҹһδ粻ɱԪ˵ɵȥңһҪҵۡ
ԳϷģܲˡ߳˵
һξǰ¹ȥ
СӾʲôôôʱ䶼ԪѪôȴȻС˼ûУֱĥǡ
ѾҿջСȥˣȴһ赲档ɫҲÿǹһ̫ϳϣ󣬵λߣȴһ󱲣ȴһֱϷŪĸоеı޷˵塣
λϣˣСӳˡʱһλͽʦ˼Ҵҵǰ˵
ãڳˡߴϲ
ɶСӣóˣҶȥԪɭȻ
λϣȥˡ˼˵
ʲôԪ͹߶һ㶣ӿֳɱæ˵׷ȥҪˡ
һ̣ǵȺܾˡ
¡¡
һ۰ԳǣպȻɫ䣬ƹһӺƱգ䶯·ǧڶԶһ˽һ˵ƴңԶϯ
𶯡Хһɫ˺Ѷ£ͬƥһ㡣
ݣ
һҷǳԡ
ɣڷ罣磬̤գͷƾХϣͷ·ͥŲɽ
ৣৣ
ǧ֮⣬ԪǷɽХ
¡
ӴԪϯԲﶼ𶯣ʮͽʦнʦԪ߽ʦνһǿ
СӣϷվסԪɣһϮ죬Ŀ磬˲ֱӣվ֮䣬̤Ұͷ磬ͬ˽٣һȣͬףĥޱȵڳԶ
ءһ
ԳΪģԲɿռ𣬻һƬյش
һ̣ʮ˹ʦܵϢ˳ϡ
ৣ
ɲǣԪ˾ͳ˳Ե档
ÿһ˶ǿƥսʮɫɢĹʣϿХеԽ졣
֪λͷסʲô԰ԪĿ罣ӭƮԲ
ͷԪԲȻŭŭţĿ¶׹⣬СϷǸ߽ʦܣķص̫ϳϣ㾹Ȼͷ
޿ˡվʹ㣡
СӣԳϵ̤
¿ϾžŰʮһͷ˭ҲȲ㡣
༸̽еɱ⿴ųԣһһɵϯ纣һΧڳܣ¡֮ͬİһ㡣
ߣЩëҪɱ˶ᱦĹֺαأЩϲеЦ

ɱ
˫˫նϣ˵ԼݣȻٽƤʬ
һ˲䣬ͼͽʦŭ棬ΧϳԣʱֻѩһĵĽɽӡĺ򳽻ԣ־ɱ֣Ҫɱ
ҿǲ
Цһһִ齣һصߵһƬϯݵѹ¡

˵Ĺ̼߽⣬齣ɨὭӡɫɽһӾͽһѪҲȥԴߣ˺Ѷµ롣
ۣۣ
ͷʬڰд鴤һ£ӿѪһѪһûԪˡ
ɱ
ԪɫɭȻһӣ
˵գһһɫϯѪȫ
䣡
һ˲ʮʦܱƽǰסԵȥ·
Ԫ͹һһ߽ʦȴûжֵӡ
Ⲣ⣬Ǹ߽ʦܣԼϣֶԸһʦ󱲣ֱǵݺ档


954 Ǭ֮
ȻˣҾɱʹ졣һЦһʯ˺ȻǰŤ仯ԽʯУ趯˫ۣããһƬ⻪ϯͬʯƺء
ʣ
齣һӱһ޽ʯУһɺƺƵɢʱһ󲻾ĽХ֮¡һ𣬾ͬǧ޹һ㡣
ս
սӳһŽ𣬲ɶҡһǰ

һ˲䣬ʮʦɫ䣬û뵽ǿᡣ
Ѿˡ
Ԫ
һ־ǽռ䣬ǵж
Ȼʯ˺壬սﵽʦĵزȴʮʦܣнʦܣҪԸɲһ򵥵顣
⣡
׽⣡
ռ佣⣡
⣬ͬǴ£罣齣ӶƥĽ⣬ɱ˳ȥ
¡
ʮʦܱƽԣͻȻһͣңͼһںɫ⡢һɫһɫ͸ĽݺݴԼ
ʲô
һɲǣǶɫ䣬ܵɭϵɱʩչС
ʯ֣
ղƣ
һ
ȭ
һ˲ָͨӭȥʲã˸ͬԺ
Խ˫һȥҪո˵ĭһ㣬һƬ֮һѪһӰӰеصһˤڴϣһ̯Ѫˮ
¡¡
ڳɱһ˵ʱϯƶСžĽŨѪҺУʱһƬѪ죬һɹɴ̱ǵѪζҪŻ¡
գ۹򣬾ڽ֮¡
Ԫɫ罣ŭޣŭһڵһƻţӥһץ򳽻Եš
ϻ󣡡Ԫһ˲䣬ԺȻеķӡʱֻĵӰķڿ
ৡһ£Ҳ˳
һ̣˴򣬽Ԫʮ˰Χ
顢飬һ޺һħ塣Ԫ˽һ㶣ɱɭȻĿƵĶųԣ˵ãܺãֵϷԳɱˣΪһ߽װħ۵İħ¾ͿԷϷ𣿡
˵˴Ԫ쳤Ц
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
Ȼȴû˵ϻһۣһͷ˫ʱɫӺ;ŸɫճԪ˷ʮ죬ʮ£һһµĽһ
ǬĿƣ罣纣˫һӣʱһƬ֮һɹһӿһһƬκ
䣡
ž
ХӲ֮˺Ѷ£һƬĩ١
󷨣һнʦʧɫ
ߣ󷨣Ϸһ߳ʦܣһͷ߸϶ն£һХһɵնϣһضɽҡ󷨲ֺ
ʲôˣԪ߽ʦܣ˶ɫ䡣
Сӣ㾿˭ԪɫҲһ䣬û뵽ǰδ£Ǹ߽ʦһʦöɵ󷨣ǿ򳽻ԣʵ
˭վ㿴ҵ˭һĨЦȵԪƥ㿴˭ˣ
ৡһ¡
ֻһΣ¶ݡ
ԣǳԣԪǳ˾ʹʧɫ
ԭǳԣϷȻŪˡԪɫһĿɭȻѪһ㶢ųԣѻڽлҲãȻˣҲʡϷ򵽴ȥ㣬Ϸɱ㣬Ϊ粻𡣡
粻ƥҲ˵
ãã˵ĺãϷͿôɱңŭЦ
֪ܿˡԺЦ˵
ҴԪŭ
ɱԴһԪϯϻõĽڷǬ
ͬʱϻá¾ѪҲһ֡
¡
Ǭ𶯣һڿڽɫ˿飬ֱӶһʦܵ壬һѪҽһһͷȥȻδأͱܼĽɫ˿̳һۣ̱ǵѪζʱ
Ǹ֮Ԫܻ
ֵסһ߽ʦܼȵ
ŭն
ڷ죡
ʨ𣡡
Ԫ˶û뵽ɱǰûڲѣ򳽻Զɱ¶ɭȻ˵СϷƿ󣬾Ҫնɱ
𣿡Ц
ɶ񣡡ܾãԪͷֲ֮ˣƾοը󷨾ȻһҵļûУ϶ʱһ˿֮ɫ˵ǿ칥ȶҪԪ֧Ų˶á
ҵţȭ
ɱ
໹
ʮػɱ
һܾʩչɱУҪƿ󷨡
ܺãǬһΣ˵ú˴һԪ˶𣬡ܹϹ֮£Ҳǵһ¡
Ǭ˵Ǭ󣿡
Ԫɫ䣬޽Ƕһ亹·ʶԼʧ̬͹ЦСֱںԣŻϷ򲻳ɣ
Ѫ죡
Ŀ罣â˸ӡƵƵ֮ڶʱκ˰ĺֻһɹѪ˳һߣһϣѹ£ǧ


955 նɱԪ
أ
޾Ѫ˾ԪˣЩнʦܸ޷ֱֵӱѪû
Ԫ͹һ߲Ǹ߽ʦܣʵǿӲֵסѪˡ
ͷŵھֻʣǶˡ
ɱѪɱ¾ѵϹǬ󲻳ɣǹһڰ񾪺ճ鶯
ⲻܣƾСᶮ󣿶ҴѾʧ𣿡ԪȻˣĵȴ˼ֻ֣Ըš
ءϻð׷ƮɣƮ峾ãˡ
֮ɱ
쳤Х£һɭȻ䡢ʴǵϢɢϯԪˡ
һĽкһǿĽʬ顢áԹӿ
Ǭ󡣡һɫǰδеأ޾ıǸ߽ʦܣ޽ӽŽʦĴڣû뵽վȻһСȦףЩһ
ԣѵɱϷ˲ɣԪɫһ䣬򶨵˵ҪϷں͹һڵ̫ϳϣ󣬵λȻڣɱǣ˵㣬Ҳе𡣡
вң
вˣϷֻ˵һʵѡԪҡͷ䶨ԣ㲻Ҫ㽫ɢȥϷԸ⵱ʲôûзᳬ󡣡
Ҿʶһ£ʲôŭ
㡭Ԫŭ
ϻ˵ԪƥҾ졣
𣡡
δ䣬һЮǿ֮Ԫ͹һߡ
ƣ
Ž
һٴ
ˣԪɫ䣬û뵽ɱ֡
˶ǰ˽ʦܣɲ־ܣһϹͨʩչƴף糱ذ˷
ֻǬ֮ɱ̫ˣ·޾ɱҲɱꡣ
أϻó˵
áһҧҫ
ˡ
һɺƴϯʱŵֻ̫ȽҫԪϿգ֣ķɱ£ѹһɽһɵͬڵһ㡣
䣡䣡䣡
Ԫ˱סֻӲ̫ǿᣬ˵ֵʮֳȫͷðȺļ
ۡͬһʱ䣬Ԫ˶һѪ
ɶ񣬳СҪ㡣Ԫŭ
֮򣡡
һߴԪӿӿһԹ˫Ҫи󷨡
֮򣡡
ԪҲͷ׷ŭ裬Ƿ˫ɽ£һԹռ䡣
ߣǬǰҲҶù·ϻǬƿߣ󷨵ĿޱȣԪ˶ùһЦһָӡ
򣡡
򣡡
һһ֮ͽ֮
ۣۣԪ˲ҽһһѪεɳȥ
ɱ
ɱӿ֣߶ɱУһ߶ԪϣҽѪӿ
ɱ
Դһٴκɱȥ

Ҫ
Ԫ˶ҪߣǿʼڣΪӳԣǰ˽ʦܣȻһʦϣֱ޵ݰ
أ
һ𱻺ɱһԲѪöƮ𣬱һˡ
ٺ٣ôǬɣϻһԵõ
ǲ֪ԸŽʦΣԵͷ˵
ߣ˲󣬾ǾŽʦ٣ҲֵɱοкǬɱϻúһ˵ֻҪŽʦһǬֻ·һ
һԡоâһ˵Ȼڡ
Ȼδϻڣͱһ½顣
ص֣
ڳɱԪ˵ͬһʱ䣬صӶϡݽţΪɾȻɽ̫ϳ̫׷ɱص̫ľأʹ֮
սһ
ûκεף塢ݣһʱ䣬½ɱ¾УҰ
һν׵ľɽ
һһӵĵص壬ͬһ㣬ѵأɷѹϣһûУͱɱѪɺӡ
ɱ¾˲Ϣϯ½
Ȼһνǵصﻮõģɽ̫׷ɱľأֻǽһڶѡ
ŶӦȻ̫ˡ
ݣݣš⵽ֵ֣סصľӡ
ǡ
̵ͷǰɽ
صʮǿɷΪʦһʵǿսɱӣ޷ֵÿһŶзĻнʦĶŶֲ˶á
ȻȻ򶥼źͲ֮źš
ֻⰵĻ֮£һһĺӰжɱ¾Ա
ÿһ˵ΪǿǸ߽ʦǿߣսǿصϣһһãһϯݼ塢
һ˲䣬ٵݱսϯ
һ·ϳԶܵصӺȺɽ
ɱɱɱ
ȥǺɱȫǵصľӣһһӣɱɽɽš
ֻɽ½ŵʮ򣬸ʵԸصͷִ´ࡣ


956 ӷ
ɺܵķǣΪûпİ˵Ӱ
üͷǱɽ
ҲΪصֵԵʣɽԵúңһӽһӵŵӡŵӷӶ
ƫǽ룬ԸܷǵϢ
£ϬͺһγԺȻоΣһ
ʱȥûзַǵӰ
󷽣ȻһԺһߡ
ǵʦ
ʲôˣ̸о˳ԵϢͬâɨܣȵ
ǰԼæݵ
㣿üͷһ壬˵ԣʲô
ǰǵġԼæ˵ص֣ƺƴ󣬴˿Ѿڹɽ뿪
ߣصҲͼɽֱǲ֪νԣĶԴǣΪΪ㣬ƾɱ׽һ£Ĳ㡣ۿų˵
׽֮ǰйۣﲻڳԡԹ˵ǰҼǡ
У߰ɣݹϷ㲻˵
ʦҪʱȻ˷ǵ
ǣѭȥֻԺ¥ͤͤһ˴ԼŮӣɴãӡ
ԡ¥
ʦãʦ㲻뿪¥벽ղŮ˵
ɡ˿˳һۣɫӣ˵
лʦƿţһɻһ˳ǰĿ飬ԣô
߰ɡ˵
лʦԹְݵæǵ֣˵ǣ߰ɡ
ʦΪʲôǼʵ
ߡ˴һӣһɺƴ˳ԺͷǶϣǰһΣǶ˾ȻѾɽɽ֮⣬ɱֻһӵصɱˡ
뿪˵Լ˵
ʦءǿһɽͷ˵
ৣ
Ժͷǣ֣ͬɾ£ģȴһƬȷѪꡣ
סǡ
еصܺɱһ˼ǿߡ
ɱһһ£Ѫӿ֣˼ǿ߾ͱ룬˿ǵصȷ棬ʵǿԳ뷽Ƕ˺ܴݵɱ˳
ʱ䣬˵ľԶǧ
һ·ϣԽ˷ǡ
ôǾ
ˣȥšԿԶһӶӵصĿ⿴ŵķܵŷѩæԷ˵
СôԹĿ˳һۣ̾˵
Բ𡣡
ꡣȻһЦ˵ˣ֪ŷõĹϵֻǵ߶ѣοҵģƾ㣬˵Ҫ𣿡
ҵǶҶҪŷǵ֣˵
֪߰ɣŷþͱصˡЦ
ԣݸһЦû뵽ƽʱͬɽһķǣȻҲһ档
ৣৣ
˱ܿصӣš
ͬҲٵصӣֻɽ˵ֻСΧİΧ˶ѣͬһ£Ҳƴ󣬼սĺ춯ҲһƬɭ
صҰľȻô󣿡Ǿ
ѾﻮѾãҲոҲˣ͵ص年ᡣ˵
˭һ䣬ʵ
֪ͨҡͷ˵
ǺֻΧǻһۣɻʵ
ˣȽȥ˵
áǵ
ʲôˣ
ԺͷǸձƽɽţӭһȣٲֹɱ⣡
ųϳԣŷѩ˵
ԣõɱ޼ɳϣҾ𡣡𣬾ͼ˳ֻֻǸ߽ʦΪ

Դһһϯ赲⣬һƽ˵޼Ǳص̫ľɱģҲΡ
˵ģһʵ
ҿħġ˵
㣬ֻŷʦñ÷Ͻ㣬˵
Ϊʲôɻʵ
ΪʲôС㻹ѩͽѵѵ㡣һֻһ÷һ㼤Ȼ÷ˡ
ǰԼæ˵Ȼδ˵꣬ͱ÷һ̴
ԣû°ɡǼæǰʵ
û¡ҡҡͷ÷ˣ˵ǰ˿̵صݣǴ˿ӦŽǡ
ߣСӣŪˣŪڼ޼ȷʵɱģͿˡ뿪ɡ÷һ˵
һھܾ˵ǰǴѩ뿪ġ
ãͿкα´ѩ÷ŭЦ
ǰʤһСԹ˵
ٷϻֻҪܹУѩ÷˴ϳԵĻ˵
һΪԴϲ
ϼص壬һϢš÷˷Ը˵꣬Գ˵ɡ
ǰ롣Ե
÷һš
ԣҵġųԵ֣˵
õģһҡԽһˣ˵
šǵͷӭųԵĿ⣬ͷƽࡣ
ʱһĹ㳡ǰ
ֻŵжӢսȻÿһ˶ɢǿƣԺͷǶˣһ㶣ٿһǣ֣¶һŵɫ


957 
ǣǺǷǰɣ
찡С˭Ȼͷǣ֣
֪ǳԣ˵÷ϵŮŷѩϵ
ʲôҲţǳԾȻͬʱ˫Ķˣ
ޣֱޣ
һƬϯ˶ŭӳԣȴһ۶ңͺеһ㡣
ҲһЩ侲ŵӺͳϡ
⳽ʲôòŷѩİɣ
÷Ϻûжŭ֡
ż޼ɳϾǳԺģȻţǺõ
ԶΧ޶ã˵ǰ֪ɷȼһѩ
Ҳ̲ˣʹӦҪ󡣡÷οһֽһ㣬˵ȥѩ
ǡһŮӹӦ
ˣԶ÷им
һ˾㳡ĸ̨£һ̨ɷԲɣͨԣӲޱȣĸռݶϡĸλγǿķ֣޼᲻ݡ
ԣ̨Ϲаɡ÷˵
Խˡ԰ݵ

⻰ʱȻû뵽ԾȻҪ÷һսȻֻǹеӣ÷˿ǻʵʦֻܰһʦȻţ÷˵Ķ֣
һӣ˾ۿ
⳽ԼֱǿȻ÷ϹУҿԲ
Բߣҿȡ軹࣬÷ϵʵԴģУҿֻҪһо硣
̫ˡ
ϣ÷ܹúýѵ⳽ԣŷʦõͷ
˵ĲһųϣݵͼմȾŷʦõ˼ǲ֪
ǵΪ
һ̣˵硣˶ﳽԣ˵ɱ˵Ļ³Ѿɱǧٱˡ
ʱϢʹš
ս÷ˣ
ԽԽţһ˵ս÷ˣһ˵Է÷˲Ķ֣֮˵ʲôĶС
ȴųϳ֡
Դ硣ʱŷѩˣ£˿٣˳Ϻõ˿֯Ʒƣ绨ӣ磬ͼչ޹ֺ޼ɻϲ
ѩԼæǰȴ÷ס˵ԣ̨ɣ
ǰ롣˵
Դ磬ô£ŷѩ࣬ϻۼˣ˳ԵķһۣѰ
뿪ġ˵ұǰС
Ҫŷѩæ˵еǡ
ģһûµġЦ
ৣ
һҷԱϵ˱̨
ɶ⳽ԹȻҰģȻŽŷϡ
̫ˣ÷һҪúýѵ
ŷӰŮӣĴܲմ۵ģ
һ˲䣬ŭ֮ӿ𣬳ַԣϾŷѩеĵλǷǳ֮ߵģȻǵòŷѩ緼ģԲԸԽߡ
Щŷѩһףǵǳԡ
İɣûаյ顣ǺȻߵߣųԵӰ˵
֪ŷѩ˷һۣ˵û뵽ɽȻͬͳԴһ𡣡
Ҳû뵽ǵУصģ֣ڣǲֻǽô򵥣ԵİȫԲŻ㡣
Ҳǣŷѩʵ
šǵͷ
Ҵӽͽ㷽ˣŷѩȻ˵
ţ㲻𣿡ʵ
ʲôɹģĸοʶҾ֪ǲһ˵ģֻû뵽ҷѡŷѩƵ˵
лл㡣˵
ûϵҲֹһˡŷѩ˵˵һŮˣ㻹Ҫ硣
ȻǻĴܲЦһ˵Ҫסˣٶһ
Ҳô롣ŷѩЦ
ʼˣ̧ףų̋ϵӰ˵
ŷѩԿȥԼʦұԼɣϣ˭ܵ˺
ǰ롣Թֵ
ְɣ˵۸һ󱲡÷˷˵÷ƽ̨ϣһɻ㡣
Ͳˡǰһһ¡һֻһߴʯ˳ǰ৵һ£ԾͽУһɺƴϢĽʦϢХա
ʲô÷һ£û뵽ԾȻҿʯˣ·𿴴˳Ե˼˵ԭˣ˵ΪеУԭʯ
ȡˣǰ¡˵
Ǻǣ£ˡ÷˺ЦͻȻһ䣬˵Ϊƾʯ˾ͿԵֵס𣿽֪ʼյھʵǰһжͽ͵ġ
ǰ롣ŭȻ񾴵
ףСס
̫ɶˣȻʯ˵ԼʵﵽĽʦˮ׼
ߣ÷ʦܣֻһͿԳΪĸ߽ʦܴڣ㳽СӵĽʦսΣҲ÷ϵĶ֡
ֱǲ֪ν׾Ĳֲ࣬ġ
ˣ˶ַԣԵʮַŭ
Ҿ֪ǲû׼顣Ц
ʦʦܣҵĳԴ硭ŷѩЩģϾԼʦʵ˽⡣
ģֻжѡǰο
ϣˡŷѩɫӵĿʦ÷ˣ˵
ôˣѩãǿŷѩĹ֮ʵ
û¡ŷѩҡͷ˵Ҳˡ
ҿ̫ˡЦ
㡭ŷѩһ죬ҲǾĿ˷һۣ뵽Ҳһ档
ң㻹ǿɡǺߵ


958 ֮Լ
ˡ
ڴʱһɺƴӸ̨ϴֻ÷Ϣһӿǣ÷ͬһһ㣬֮һɱ֮ݳ
÷͵˲վһֲɶҡĸое÷Ҳڵ棬Ǹ߸
ݡһ
÷һ߳ͼһ÷ХһʯǰһŻâ
Բʯˣֻҡһ£ȶ
ס÷˲Ŀʯˣ˵ĪϹ֮򲻻Ӳ÷ڶԵֵ
ǰһѹڶС˵
ˣ˶
ʲôʯˣȻ˼Ӳ÷ϵ÷ڶԵֵ
ɶ⳽治ֵס÷аɣ
ⲻܣŵһжѣ滹УҳʲôΪʯΣҿɲܹסڶСУ
ղֻ÷ϵ̽ѣһжȻԴܳԡ
һƬ֮󣬾ȳʯ˵ǿͬʱҲֵ˺С
ãͲˡ÷Щѿ̫ϳϣʦܣֻһ󱲣ʦ֮Լδ֮ڴܳԣҲˡ
÷Ԩ
÷Хһӥ̶ʯ
ˡ
һɺƴϢɢһƬɫʣֻһ÷۶ÿһ䶼Ө͸ƴСɢԵĻ㣬ͬһ㣬һۣҪС
󣬱ھŵ֮УֻŸɫ÷ɣһ㣬ԳΪģϯ
δٽԾ͸оһƢ÷̩ͨѪתٶȶӿˡ
һ̣һĸоڳϡ
á
оˣɫһ䣬̾־ۣʵһ񣬸Ӱ졣
䣡
ͻȻһƬĺ
ȥһƬɫŽأ·һﻨ硣
ԣһжԵƽ͡ꡣ
÷ϵľ÷ԨлӰ˵־;ޱȣ߽ʦܶ϶ҪСӦ
㿴ǴҿһǱٵ˲ɫȥˡ
Ҳͻʦã־ᶨܵӰ죬ҿ׵ĵֵס˵һУΪԳŵأֻܵˡ
÷ͨԴȵģξúúܵѵҲ֪ŵŷʦòԿġ
һ˲䣬ųϡӾܲѣ·Ѿˡ
÷Ԩŷѩһ䣬û뵽Լ𾴵ʦȻԼ֣ȻǳҪֹͳһˡ
š˵
ĵ黹ǷˡŷѩδַʦһǵĿųԵ
ߣСӣǫֵ̂ϣ÷˱һƬɫâӵأһһ䣬ԶԶȥͬһֻˣǱȴ̺һ˿ɱ⣬ȻǶɱ¾֮ġ
ȻˣҲͲˡ
Ѿɥʧ˳һȵλñ䣡
ˣˣ
ֻʯ˶ۿɢ⻪ˮһˣΣֱ͸÷˵ľֱӡ
ãǾ÷˴󾪵
ȻѾܵλñӰ졣
֮ǰΪΪԵʣһֱλñ䶼ǳ޷ͨ͸ͻʦпռ䱾Դˮڣһһ񣬶ö뻷֮С
οʩչ͸ǿ
ȻֻǶʦԵľѾĽʦСɿռ䱾ԴںϾӿԷֽ⾫磬뾫֮С
ԣ˿ʩչ÷λʦܶҪܵӰ졣
ȻǸ߹÷˵־λñһ׾ܵӰ죬֮Уվڲɫ統Уۺᣬ߶磬ҶԲ㣬÷Բ㰡

㾪ĳ䵽ųϡУʱһƬȻû뵽
÷ǿ̫ϳϣʦܰû뵽͵ʴףĿ⾪ĿųԣľҲ̫˰ɣ
䣡
Ǿŵ÷û÷˵Ŀƣֱײľ򳽻ԡ
ֻû÷˵ļӳ֣࣬ԳԵǲ塣
Ԫ
Բʯǰһ̤أ̨ռһһɽռֶ£ݺݵѹ˾ŵ÷ϣʱԳΡ
ռ佣⣡
Ӧռ䱾ԴžԵƣһ˲÷ѡ
ৣ
ʯҷһ⣬齣ݺǧռ佣ɨķǱƽ÷ѳ̼߽⡣
ءһ
һǿķϯ÷˵ϣˣָһ˿ſھһѪ
ǰðˡ˵
㡭÷ɫ䣬Ǿ첻ѵ飬࣬һ˿ɱ
˻
˼˶һ
찡÷ϾȻˣôܣ
ԸղʩչʲôȻ÷ϵ÷Ԩƽ⣿
̫ˣľʤ
һڳϡϾ𾪣ţһʦƾ辫÷λʦܣδ̫˼˰ɣۿǶš


959 ÷Ū
˶벻ɵߵ֮һ
һЩɳʵˣһҲҴ˵ˡ
̫ˡһĵ
Դ硭ʦŷѩҲһϲɫ԰׵ʦȴΡ
ǰСʱ򣬳˵
ãͳȫ㣬С÷Ƥһ¶һĨЦݣһ˿ɫȴԵùޱȣʯˣ·Ѿ͸ʯ˱棬峽һ˵У÷Ū
ʲô
˻һųϣŵӶɫһ䣬Ӷһˡ
÷Ҫʩչ÷Ūһͽʦɫ
ǡԱһλĽʦͷ˵
÷ѵɱ⳽ԲɣһλΪʦ߳˵÷ŪĵƣϹǿͨϹ֮ʱвС꣬г۷壬һʩչϷûаֵܹס
Σˡ֪÷ŪļʦܶĬųԶҡͷ̾ϢʦܶҵֵϹŴͨ÷ŪǿɲΪеֵסĿܡ
˿̣һŵѾۿˡ
÷Ū÷Ҫʩչ÷Ūˣˡ
Ҳ÷÷֮ôģΪϹͨ÷Ū
ˣˣǾ͵Ÿʬɡ
Χ˫ӣӱˣ˵÷Ūɱ𣿡Ϊɽųϣ߽ʦܵĵӣ֪÷ŪϹŴͨġ
÷Ҫʩչ÷Ū϶˵֮ɫ
УҪֹʦŷѩһףȻ֪ʦͳһҪֹˣҲû뵽ʦȻҪʩչ÷ŪҪɱ԰
ˡҡͷ̾
ԴСġŷѩ
ͬʱҲɫһ䡣

ռڲңһѷ죬֮ڣ·ǳ

һӿԪעռ䣬
䣡䣡䣡
ɾʱһ׵ĺ죬⾰һ䣬̫߶ڱΣͬ񽳳ǰľ󣬱һۺ磬÷ɫʣڷۺֵһ˲ռֽͬмһ㱻˺ѡ
ʱһ÷ӿڣҡ
ͬʱµ˲䣬޴ѳ˳ҡ棬÷վǰ÷ȸ𣬷·񷡣
ˡ
һɲǣһƥķۺ⻡ɨͬƥһʯϣʯ֮еĳʱһˡ
Сӣվ㳢÷Ū֪ôӽ֮ĪҪѩ÷վٸ˥ϵĸоǿƥɶҡԽ
˵գӳһֻۣ˫һӱ˷ۺɫ·һˣһŵ÷һ㡣
𣡡
һ˲һ𣬳Զʱоܿռ䶯ҡ÷նųԱƽ

ɲǣԶ߾ǷХУ·Ӱ񣬶޷˼
ۡѪһƬ÷㣬ȴһѪҡΣʯ˿Ʋ˳
ͷ󺧣û뵽÷˵˿£־޷赲־Ӱ죬ʯ˵ĿƴҪ
÷һŪ˳
÷ĵ÷ƮͬһɫõƶʱһŲɫһն֮Уʱһ
һ̣Ծ͸оһ塣
һ˼ͷоҸܰܿһԸӿͷ·ԼֿҪȥԼ˶ϳ
ءһ
ʯ˷룬˵ϣ˫Ŀʵ쳤Хһɲͷͷ͸оŷѩͷҪ뿪Լһ
絶㲻ᣬҪץסݸ顣
ߣ㻹һӰ÷һЦ⻹ֻǵһжѣ֣úܰɡ
˵գһһŲɫӿڶ÷ն֮С
÷Ū磡
Ʈõ÷˿дͬһ㣬ӿԾ硣
ԴУġʵ㺳ͷо˺ѣҪֿ꣬ҪҾԲ뿪ҡ
÷ˣɹȣһ÷Ʈ䣬ҡҡҷҷͬһľ赸һ㡣
ֻȴ˳Եʧȥֲᣬ᲻£ҪȻİ֮ˡ
һ˶ս죬η壬Ȼ޷ء
ȥ
ڲ֮£˻
ʱ̨ɫнʦ⣬ûܹΣֻһ˺ѷεĽʵӰ˾
һĻļλнʦܶɫ䡣
ӣ÷ϵ÷ŪѾ֮ˡ
һʩչ־ͻ÷֮У־ȥǳԽ÷ܶ࣬Ȼ޷ѣ⳽Сھ÷еƣôӲˡ
˵ǰ÷ŪһŪһŪУʥˣУҪ߳Ǹ߽ʦҲҪЩ򡣡
һ̫ϳ϶ǼɵĿ÷ˣû뵽ԽԽΪֵܹ
Ϻ͵ųԵ˻ǵСӶǴס߶̫ˣ⳽ˡ
ǰ÷Ū÷ϵǿƣ֮У⳽һһ֮ˣ÷ŪеֵŹ֡
ߣ˭˵󣬾ȻԵֵ÷У
Լֲ˭
ǿŰɣò˶óԾʬһˡ


960 ʣ
󲿷ֳϡӶЦǺ޳ԣʹ˻𣬶쳣
Դ硭ʦҪֻŷѩᣬϹۣ˻ʦҪ˺Դ硣
ԣԡ͵ǲ˷ǵϣ÷ϣ˺һëɽҪڡ
Ѿͷв÷Ǳ˳ȵĿͬһ㺮ֻ̣Ǿƾ»ɽ
㡭÷ˣʲô£ҷ㲻ݡŭ
ʦ㲻Ҫ˺Դ硣ŷѩۣ
ѩѾͷģʦǲҪȴǱСŷѩĿ÷˵ࡣ
ʦŷѩе
סڣҾȡ÷˳
ʦŷѩԽĿˮһᣬǷǷסѾڵˡ
һĻ÷˿һһ˺ѷΣʹ֮ɫеɫ䣬˵СӣҪ㾿ֵѩѾͷ㣿
ʱʹУʶ޷÷˵Ļ
ġʹࡢ˼㺳ľ磬ͬһտռ䣬ɥʧҡ
ٺ٣еԽʹ࣬Խ˵ԽѾͷԽҪֹһ𣬳ԣɹֲҪ־͹㰮ˡ÷˷Цһ˫ɫͫ׶ų˵
ʹĿŰȥʹҪأȴ޷أһгɿա
˷䵽ÿһ˶У
ԣѡϻúͷ񶼸о˳Եæ
ȻȴǷ·ûõ統УȥҪء
ȥɲУ򳽻ԻΣաϻص
Ӻôġŭǳȥһɱ
Ҫǿ취ϻ˵ܿüͷ˵ϧʩչǻǿ԰ԡ
ô죿
áϻɫͻȻҪʩչˣ취

ϻ˵һ˲÷溬Цķ˫ݵƣӥצһ㣬ź⡣
ˡһ
ֻһŲɫӿ÷նʱһһ÷Բ߽ͬʥţմۡ
÷ƮڳͷϿգɢһɫռ䣬У¡
һͼ÷ڽ˳
áռڣϻúͷʧɫ
÷Ū䣡÷õҲٴһԶУ뾫硣
ʱһҽУֻ亹ֱðһͷһ𣬱˫ֽۣŤòΣȻǳŲʵʹࡣ
ͬʱһнʦʧɫ÷Ū䣡
ˣûκϣˡ
÷ĺԼͽܵɶҪɱһ鰡
ߣ⻹÷Լĺԭ򣬷Ҳ÷Ū
˵ĲҺ⳽СֻڵӣɱҲǰ
ߣһλ߽ʦͿڣο˵ѾصҲһ
֣һСӣֵǷġ
һڼнʦʶǿɲ˵˵÷˵ŭˡ
ԣԴ磩ŷѩͷǶŮ˻УҪǰԮԣֻһǣǶ÷ֺǰ棬ʹǳҲһỨ

ʹ಻ʵĽк˷·飬ϵ죬µ־ĻȪ
ءһ
ڵ˵ϡ
統УȥԼҲ

ֻһ

ҪѿȰ˵
棡
תһУԲʣҪһУͰֻԼգǱ˿ơ
Ȼ·һѹһУԿвѪ
ǣҪҪתһС
ôܣ÷Ū÷˺Ȼɫһ䣬ޱȵĶųԣ˵ɶСӣ㷴𣿸ҳȥɥʧңһʬɣ
棡
һɺƴѹ£Ȼȴӭ˳Եķײʱ纣Хɽ÷˶ʱƺһһѪʧⲻܣ
ԣͬʱϻúͷ񲻶Ϻԡ
ӣˣ¾ѪҲǺ
ˡһƮڳԾȾ·õƼƺڰһ
棡
ҪɱǣɱңҾҪ㣬ɱ㡣д𣬴ӵ߳ɱ񣬾Ȼذˡ
䡪
ٿȻֻ˫ۣվѤõĽ⣬ͷ·һıչֳԼľâ
ƣ
һ˲䣬Ľ־ͲͻƣףףֱͻƵĽײͣҲͻƵס
ˣ
ʱһɲĥĽ־ԳԾںɨ
ء
࣬÷ն÷Ҳ飬£ʶĿ
÷ɫ䣬Ȼȴ۵һһѪ԰ֽųԣſڣò˵㣬㾹Ȼȥҵ÷Ūôܣ㲻ʥ֮𣿡


961 ս÷
ΪˣҲƵ÷Ūһƽͬһλ˵ߣϲŷѩͷǶŮ˵˵һҪл㣬ˣеһ֣ǲֿܷκҲֿǡ
Ӧġ÷ģҪɱ㡣
䡪
ʱһɿ񱩵÷ɢɽһѹ£÷ȷ·˹һ򳽻ԡ
ãӽ÷ϵĵˡͬһʱ䣬нʦʧ
÷ĵ÷ʵ
ΪԵʣŰ飬Ҳʲôʥ˴ڣ÷ŪҲȷʵˣ鰮֮˶ֻг٣ɥʧңȻȴû뵽ڽձȥĵģԼĵᣬ١
һжһ̫ϳû뵽ģԴ־Ȼǿ
áŷѩͷǶŮɫ䣬Ҫǰȴǰá
飡
Ա÷˷ɳȥһѪ
־ﵽĽףͻףΪϵĲ࣬ȴ޷ֲģ÷˵Ķ֡
һ̣÷ʦʵչֳһɫ÷֮鲼գԳΪģȥ
Ԫ
ռ佣⣡
û˿ԥԺɨһռ赲ǰ߹ɿռ䱾Դռ䣬ֽ÷һе
ǿռİڡ
ֻԶԶ͹ʦܵǿ÷÷оͬһϱ仯ҷۼصһͽռײ飬ռ佣⡣
ռ佣ɱ˶֣ڷֽռ䣬һʽĹ
ͺñһֽɼݣûôǿˡ
÷һдݿ࣬ˮڿռ佣δõʱ򣬾ͽȥ򳽻ԡ
ԼЩźϾֻСɿռ䱾ԴǴɣȻ
ȻϵĶȴûгɣʯ֮Уܴʩչ
ֻ÷̫ͨĽûá
񽣣
ĿռԽʩչ÷˵Ĺһ͡
϶ȡ˱

һ£ǿܲ߿ǳڸ̨ϿգɢʯһĹâ
ɱ
ʱ÷Ѿɥʧʶȥĵֻɱԣýȡ
һһʽûʶʩչ
Ҳˣʵǿ󣬳ԵֵʮѣϾֻǶʦʯˣӵĽʦʵֻһУѾܱˡ
ն
һȣűն÷ˣʱ߿ǳۣһߡ
أأأ
һıըХ÷ȴһһƬɫ⻡ϯһɫ磬ķѹԡ
ţֻһС÷Хתײ򳽻ԣƺƴ
һ춯صըֻ߿ǳȫ飬ʯҲ˳
ʯеĳ಻ܣѪϲҪһѪ
𣡡÷һ÷򳽻ԣɱգҪɱԡ
ô죿һ̫ϳû뵽ᷢչ㾳أڵصڼǲԤϡ
λϣǾȾȳԣŷѩ
⡭һ̫ϳ϶ǳɡ

ʱȻһ˾һ㶣һڳϡӼæݵݼȻ̫ϳϲٴУֻǼ򵥵һ

ģĸߴŲòΰӵһ˵š
ô£̨϶ս÷˺ͳԶˣʵ
һ̫ϳ϶ǲǶϺˣôĶô᲻֪ôһʣҲֻһʽѣ˭ȥˣ˵͸ԼϻˣϾ÷˿ɲôġ
ЩϡӼ߸ϵ̫ϳ϶Ҵ𻰣Ȼ
һбŷѩУͷ󼱣æ˵ˡ˵꣬æ龭
֪ˡͷתһλƮƮ׷ͯյ˵ϳֽ˷ֿ
ðɡλ̫϶ƣݸ߹Ϊͨ죬žŽʦ֮һܣͷӰεض𣬴һӣһ죬ͽ÷˺ͳԷ˿
Լ˼æ¸̨ŷѩͷǶŮߣסŮ֣һһֿ
÷ֻǿ˳һۣ÷ǰһӣףඥ֮Ч÷һӰج˫ĿѣæݵлϡȻҲ̫ϳϣλ̫϶ȴǴ磬Ȼðмѡ
ʦû°ɣŷѩ죬ڻʵ
ӽҲʦʦ֮նϾ÷˵
ʦŷѩſǻ
Ҫʦ÷˿ŷѩһۣ˵߰ɣ
ѩߡԿһۣüͷæ˵
ڴʱȻȵԣߣ
⻰ʲô˼üͷһ壬ƽʵ
ŷѩһ䡣
Թص壬λϽץȻһӣ˵
ǣ
δ䣬нʦܱǰΧס
һףôص年᣿ŷѩ˵
ʲô˼ųϣ˵
ߣ벻ǣڵ۲١˵
ȻԴЦ
ԣЦʲôһͻʵ
Ц׽һЦû뵽Ȼص年ᡣ


962 ս
ʲô
˻һȫ¾ʧɫ
˵˵Ҳɫһ䣬漴˵ץ
㻹Ʊ磬ݸš嶼⵽ص幥ɽһ⣬ȴֻΧǺεʵ
ô֪ŭԣǹǽˣں㶼㻹ʲôձھҪץϼӿʣ֮⣬ʲôص年᣿
ŭץ
ৣ
Ĵнʦͬʱ֣ĺ
СġԼȣɨ赲ĴнʦܣֻŷѩͷǶŮΪ̫ͣ޷ֵһѪǼԿߡ
ҡԺȻ˵
ŷѩͷǶŮһͷ
ৡһ¡
ֻӡԳķڶŮߴһ̣ŮͲӰ
š
ˣĴнʦܾһ㶡
ռ䱦пռ䱦ôܣǿռ䱦ҲݵŶԣѵɣ
֣һ̫ϳϾĿȵĿųԡ
ץ
¡
Դһʯ˳֣ʯ֮УűͺɨὭ
Ԫ
հν
񽣣

һɱˮһʩչĴнʦΧԳܵѹ֪ʯ˺Ҳ޷ֵ
飡
ֻͬ߷һ㵹ɳȥݺ˵ϣһѪ
ٺ١˺ٺЦ
֮
ռ侫֮
ྫ֮
Ծ֮һʩչȥĴʦܾ硣
Сľ񹥻нʦܣڸоԾ񲨶һ˲䣬ʹ˵

ֻǵ͹˳Եľ֮־ͻĽף֮Ȼнʦܣ־ȴֻǶӣֵס⵽ش
ʲôˣ˾ɫһ䡣
񽣣
ռ䱾Դӿ֣һھĽƷֱûһнʦؿڣһѪ֣ѪʬȻء

һĻ˾ɫ䡣
һнʦܾȻɱˣ
ôܣ
̫϶ϡ
СӣϷʰ㡣׵ͷ̤߳׷ڣ򳽻ԣƣֱץ򳽻Բ
Žʦܣ
ȴ֣ܳԸûз
δٽԾѾоһɿµƷܿ飬ѪԪܵѹƣǰԾͬһӤϵ⣬׸
Ľޣ
η壬ѣһǰĽޡ
𣡡
Դһϻã󣡡
飡
ӡ£ĵӰռ巽ӿ֣Ƶץ̱֣Ƭ֮֮

Դһռ巽ֱײ֣ʱ͸оһɺƴѹ£ǰһƬ˸һ֮ɱ
ӡ
ҲǳˣŽʦܣһƴһƽʯһֻɳչǧգ˫ֻһ£ǴƬ֧֮飬дƬѪˮӿȶ
֮ʲô󷨣Ƴһ򳽻ԣʵϻ˺󣬶ʱϹ飿飿ħ壿ޣ
ҲǴһŵĿųԡ
ȻʧǬǬ󣿡
ʲôٴδ󾪡
ɱ
һ˺߶Ǭ󣬹ɱơ
ɶ񣬾ǬΣϷǾŽʦܣǿԵֵģ뷢ţ룬ɽŭɨϻúͷˣ¶̰֮ɫ
ʮɱ
չᣡ
أ
һɱʩչ򳽻Եˣû
ʲôɫһ䣬˵ϹǼжƿϷУһ˹һ䣬һ첨ϯķأռ䶯ҡ
ãҪùСġϻúͷ˵
򣡡
ֻ죬죬ԽأʱһһˮͰϸ类ץסУͷ·񣬲磬ɱķ
ž
Уͬݺ󷨣ռң
ⲻͨ磬ǱԴĴڣֻǹӿ¡
ǹ
ɾ͸߽ʦܵı־
һκͨá
ҲΪˣ߽ʦܲ˿£Գһ̴ٶ󷨣ǿĹ
֮ɱ
֮¾
ɱ¾
һ˲䣬˴ٶǬ󷨹ӿ֣̲ɽաǹɽǧϿǧɶһƬѪĻһǿƥĽʬ顢߳ŵӡ
һ˲䣬Ϊһ˴ҡ
أ
ͬʱɱ¾һֱѹƵĹ˳ȥ
ɫ䣬û뵽ӵɱ󣬳Ԥϣȵֹ
ৣ
һ̫ϳҲʶԣ׷׳֡
СɱϷ򣿡ƿȳѪȴǹЦĶԳ˵
ϻáԼ
޼ɱ
ϻôһ߶岽󷨣һɺ嫵ӿһһףһһɱ¾ģѹϣĤ죬һѪ
Сס֣
ԣס֣˶ϣ˭ҲȲ㡣
ɱϣҪ


963 Ǭչ
һ̫ϳϴʧɫ׷ŭ
ȴֻܼ𳽻еɱ¾֡
ɱ
һȣɱ¾ɱĺϣصһͼըһѪ
һŽʦ
ŵӣ˻𣬲ţ̫϶ƣþŽʦܣվ·۷߾ˣһʦϣôܣ
ɱ
һҪ
ԣɱ˶ϣϵ¶ûоȵ㡣
һ˲䣬Ƿŭͬˮһӿһ̣ͼӰ򳽻ԣһֶɱУҪһ˲ɱԡ
ɽѱƣ
֮
ػɱ
ռ䣡
ɲǣֻǵصɱӿ򳽻ˣӡȭۣʮɫͷ׶ʣŨŨɱ
ۣ
ֻʮϰɱУһӿǬ󣬾̺ͬˮһ㣬˲ʧ
ʲô
˿µһĻ˾뵽̫϶ϱɱ׷˱ܡ
ɱ
ˣʮ̫ϳǰд붼Ǹ߽ʦ˽ʦŽʦܣŵĵ̣½ʵһ˽ʦͿʧأһ
ɱ
Բη壬߶ǬϿնȥ
ԡϻá¾Ѫϴٶ˾һ壬޼᲻ݣο¾Ѫ߽ʦɱ¾Ѫ֮ȹ򣬶ԵĽ־ͻĽףͻףҲһָǬ
䣡
ɱ¾Ѫ֮֮һѹЩнʦֵܸסпɱʬͬһһƬѪ죬ͬƻ裬һս

һڸ߽ʦ߷ǳоͷ·һѻֱԼȼ
㳽ԲõϹǬ󣬵ֻǶʦΪǸ߽ʦܣغ蹵ݣùȴԱ߽ǶǱɱˡ
ֱǳ裬ܴ裬κ˶ǻŭġ
ɱУӾ͵նɱһλŽʦŭ̫ϣžԵȨƵֵͬܣɱ磬еķŭ֪Ҫɱԡ
ǣ̫ϳϹӦ
֮򣡡
ľ֮򣡡
򣡡
򣡡
֮򣡡
һ̣˽ʦܣŽʦһùǯƬգǬ
䣡䣡䣡
ʱһƬʯ쾪춯ء
Ǭ⵽˰˴ĳǶҡбļ
ɫһ䣬ȴϻ߶ǬɱǬһɱζô󣬶δʩչһУ԰λܣͷȴǲòˡ
ɱ
˾һһͬʱ߶󷨡
أ
ʱһըظգһ¿ʼһ㣬УԾȻоһɽƲ֪ⲻǲǬһ
֪ĻԻ𾪣Ϊ֮һ벻ࡢ
浮йء
ǿƥںɱ󹥻
޼ɱܹĨɱŽʦ˵ȹ֣ܹɱŽʦܣϻԣǬһûŽʦͬʱ֣޷ȥ󷨡
һ˽ʦܣŽʦܣȴǱȲŽʦܣںһɺǿ󣬼ĴŽʦܣ˳Եѹ֪
ûлͷֻܼˡ
أ
˷ʮأһը죬һƬѹϯ£ŵӳƬƬĵ£ͬոݽ棬ݿࡣ
ˣ
αˣеû뵽Ǭ
ŵӵûκϧĿƵĶųԣ̰֮ɫҪɱĻ꣬ȡ£óǼɻ˵Ц
㾡ȫɲųܹѳȥ
ʧǺ󷨺̫΢ˡ
ΪǬϧ
ء
һը˴ǿ߱
ʲô𾪣°ͶҪˣôϣһĻٵġ
˴ǿҲһΧסˣĿ˵˺¡
ⶼԸŭ
̫ϴϳɣһͽʦС˵
ԣ̫ϴϳȥ̫ϴϡһ㶣æ˵
̫ϴϣ
һ̣Ͽվͬһ
ţ
һ䣬һƽеɱ֮˲һ壬ָƵᣬյľ
ãԿߡϻü˵Ǽ޾ŽʦܣǬֵ
ߡԺȵ
ֹ
䣡
˴ǿǯƳԣӿ֣ض˺ѣһƬҾ
أ
ԴתǬ֮ռλľŽʦ޷ֵȥ
ߡԴ
ݣ
գ۾ǧ

ʱһƬشպȻһ̧ͷһɫ䣺ãֻǺӰȻһֻ֣գǧ﷽ԲϿѹ£ռ䱬ըռѷӶµ˼㡣
޾Žʦֲܿ˹


964 
Ǭɱ
˿ֲĹͷ£˶˻ȣ߶󷨡
Ȼһֻƿµ˼㣬һѹ£صһǬɢ˾һѪ뵹ɳȥ
ӡ
ԿȳѪһӡϻúͷС
ӡ¾Ѫħʮɸߣ˫ڵ˫óϣſħɡУ৵һ£ʱħХһǧɺӶơ
ףͻȻһ
ȴû˿ͣϿѹǧɺͷϣʱһ
¾Ѫɫ䡣
ߡԺȵ¾Ѫֻ߽ʦϹħħɡ˳׾Žʦʵǳ֮ȴǼ޾Žʦ䵽Уûеֵ֮
ৣ
һ˲һҷ
Сһӵ𣿡һϵ𣬷·Ǵ
󷽣һͨ巢׹˳֣һͷ׷߰룬òͨ˫۹â̫֯ͬһ㣬óԿȥֻ۾ʹ
һ·ƶȻһ¾ͱã·κ޷ֹ
޾Žʦ
ͨޡ޵Сǿʵ֣һһ£ǾŽʦ磬һξ͸ӿ£ֻǼ򵥵һһΣжһζԾĨɱʵ
ο¾ѪֻǽסӲ̫ϴϵĶ֡
ǰͨ󣬸ղŵ㶼αΪ󱲣ԿЦ
ϷΪ㣬ֻ뽫Ǭ£Ȼ顣̫ϴϣĴܣ̫ͬһʱﶼѾֻʣΪĴڣеٮٮߡ
ǰҪˡܴӦԻص
ǾֻϷȡˡ̫˵֮꣬ӿ֣һɫƣɷԲ̺ץ򳽻ԣޱ߷籩һƹͬһк¡
أ
޴ץըķѣռѷһ֣ʮֿ£һɺ¾Ѫٶȴ󽵣̶һ㡣
ǰСλǰоɡһץ£Ժ¾Ѫɣ˵
ˡ̫һɫѿޱȣһ˵վǲ٣СһҲϷơ
ৣ
ٶȴһӾͳ¾Ѫǧס
ô
Ȼһ𣺡̫ôҾʰˡ

δ䣬ֻһ֣С籦ʯƽһ㣬߳һӰȻǲˣԶǧٿȻһ֮⣬һ㼤ٶȿò˼顣
ۣ
һӾûץ¾ѪƣصһƱը
ˣ̫ͻȻֵĲˣ˫ͫ΢ɫ䣬ɱ̫϶ƣ޿ˡ֮ѵ𣿡
ߣ̫ŹصɭҴ½㻹Ʊ粻ɣ˱Ƣը֮ˣһ⻰һ˵Ҿɱ㣬ɭһ档
ң̫ɫ䣬ˣ޵оŽʦɾʹ˾꣬ղͻƼ޾ŽʦʵĶֻ֣ܶܣ򳽻ԣзŭ˼㡣
Ϊβң
˵գһָ˫̺˽֮ټĽָ־ӷ
ۡһ
ָֻû̫ۣѪӿ֣ҽ̫סۣŭˣ˳̫ر˵գһѪ飬˲䱬ըһѪϣټ
ǰ¾Ѫ򣬸м˵лǰ֮
˿һ¾Ѫȴû˵Ȼš
Ӱ
ҪҪɱǡ
ǰ
һ˲䣬˷Ĳҽ
ȻûֹһƵ£صһһž޴Ѫڶɽ֮ϵűȥ룬ɽҰʬ
Ȼز֮˵˶Գ˵
Դһӣ¾Ѫռ䡣
ৣ
в˴죬Ƭ֮䣬Ծ˲֮
ֻһ·ȴľû뵽ⳡƽٲ֮ݶս֮УÿһʬҰѪɺӡ
֮ȴû⵽Դ˿ѾšϾ֮Ǵ½ڡ
һ˾ʹųʯ
졢ضϺȻ
磬ҰѳԾˣֻ̫ˡǰ˵
ˡҡҡͷ򳽻ԣ˵ôû°ɣ
ҺǰļʱЩϾղͲˡ
û뵽ص˺ƴĪɭһռݲɣü˵
һΣͲض϶ݣյĵȻȻȻһεصҲǳǵԤϣҶûϵŻ͵ص年
磬磬ҽӳһ·ս£źͼ嶼ѾҲвͶЧص塣˵
Ƕ֮ﰡ̾һ˵ɽڡڡô
ڵֵصһʱỹЩţǶת磬ϣǰȥ֧ԮҲѾ֪ͨĹһص
ǲѪ֧Ԯÿ˵
õġص
ǰȻôǰڡǰ˵
Ѿͷأʵ
ԼҲɣȡӡһӰ˸䵽ߣȻŷѩͷǶŮ
ԣû°ɣŮæʵһǡ
û¡ͷжҡҡͷŮǺᣬһǣЦλǰء


965 
ŷѩǣλǰŮʱŷӦһ죬ˣæݵ
û⣬ѾͷģֻҪϼһﻹڣû˺СŮѡ
ŷѩͷǶŮһۣЦͷ˵ص˴֣ȻıѾãݶ⵽֣Ҳ⣬ǵֵסͰڴѪͬȥ
лǰԴϲݵ
ԣҪڣȥŷѩͷǶŮͬʱ˵
СһڻؾЦǷģҺܿͻˡ
һҪСġŷѩֹס
עⰲȫǰסԣ˵
һġԵͷɿǣӵһŷѩתԲ˵ǰ²˳٣ھͻڡ
ã϶ȥ˵
ɡǰ˵
ܿ죬ŷѩͷǶŮǵǵĿУԺͲض߳ʯ
һƽ̨Ϸ
ʱطһХҹݺ
ХһֻĵӰԶ𣬾ͳһװһѪ£ģһʦĽʦ
ϡ˹ݵ
šصͷ򵥵Ľ˵һ£Ӧǣָʦ˵еߣСӵĶӳͨ󷨣ϣԵֵһͨŽʦ
лǰ˵
ʱһ˾˴ԡ
ˣϴɣֵסô˻ڴ˽Ӧ֮мһҪٵس˵
áԵ
Ժ͵˽봫Уѡһ׹ɲǳ˾ͲӰ

ݣ
ڹĴϣһԶԵص룬ͬһ㣬֮ݲѪɺӣҰ
ݷΧڣֻҪŵϺŵš嶼⵽˵صĽȻصûô࣬ȴݵӲпᣬѪȣһ浹ݽһ㵹¡
Ͷݸ߽ʦϡɵġ
ҲΪˣֶݵص֮Уżǿ߲ʮˣҰʵֻ൱߽ʦܣֻ൱ڰ˽ʦĴڡ
ɴ˿ɼصǲݵжౡ
ûпȾŽʦĵصǿߣΪûоŽʦܴڡ
ǿߣҲ˽ʦΪѡ
ԣԺɨݣҲǶ޷ֵԭ
ڡнڡڵŶصΧ
Ҳ⣡
ңΧڵĵصǿһЩһŽǿߴӣս൱ڰ˽ʦ

䣡
˿̣ںһɼս
ӣ
սӣԼڵǿߣ˼ʦܣֻǣȴ·硣
ⶼΪӸͻư˽ʦû೤ʱ䣬Ϊδõλư˼ǿ߱ȴǲһЩ
ˣӲŸҺһսѾϻòõĴ󣬷ˡ
䣡
һξӺսһ
ǿ׳һͷ̷룬˫һһģ˱ըԵӾϵĴ̼һһһ裬ǴƬռ䱬ըǰɽƬһƬǽ塣
ȴǱѹƣֻӦ֮ȴû˷
ͨʮְǼ亱ȹԡԡԡ
ĴԹ֮ǿ֮ǿٶȣ޶ռ䣬֮ΪֶΣһˮ
ԵһʤڹǿֻǷٶˣӲֵܵס
ʮָлԣĻֻ߽ʦΪҲû˺һսĻᡣ
һ棬ģսҲڷ
صӽɷһɱڵӡ
һ浹ĳ档
ڹսϣһ㣬ǾԱ˽󷨣ؽΪһ壬ȻҲвٳԱڵصϣȽ˵˵ȴǽΪɹۡ
ֻǾֲʤ޷Ӱս֡
ⳡʤˣǿߣӺˡ
ڿصӮܴ
Ԫأٶȴ󽵣ӦĹôˡ
أ
һ죬ֻһɨӼ򣬴һѪ⣬Ѫ죬Ӳҽһ˳ȥ
ӣ㻹Ҫ𣿡˵ŵֻһ˽ʦȴĶ֣Ҹһᣬ˷ֵ˳ɭۣȫ򱾽ͳͳɱ
ˡɫ԰ףһӣȥ
Ȼˣʹɱˡеɱ
ɱɱɱ
δ䣬ƬƬĺɱֻһһӵĵصӽսͬһ㣬һһڵӱ׷ɣһƬѪ꣬Щҽûü
ˣ
ͿϵָΧͺĲԱ˻ڡ
ųôص˵ڶҲصľ˰ɣ
ģǶı£˿Ѿ֪صֵϢѾڸϻ·ˡص
ųǡ
ϣû¡ϵ
ǺǣǷİɣѾɾʦֻҪصӺͶǿߣǲµġЦ
ֻҵ̫ϳ֧Ų˶áϵĵ
ǰصʵ̫ˡصͷ˵ǶݣҲ⵽˵ص֣һԤıѾõĽڶݴŶѾݣˡ


966 ʤ
صҶݵȻûоŽʦܣȰ˽ʦܲŴڣҲֵܹġ
ȲҪ̫ģ򲻹ǾţٲҲԽС硣ɵ
áϺȻɫһ
ҹʱ
ৣ
ֹ˻ڣΪһһˣ֪һھȺףֻڳϦϧһдҲҪɱӡ
ৣৣৣ
ͬʱ൱߽ʦĵصǿ߳Ҫסӡ
áӼɫһ䣬ٶȼӿ죬ֻٶȴûбǰһ֣ǣаɳˮͰ֣趯磬һɨӡ
ղȣ
ͨƣһɽȴͨ𣬾ɽӣһȺХһ޴Ⱥ۾
Ȼȴδֹס

̤նһţһӣصһӱҽһɳȥ
磡
̫ϳϱ߼ʦΪ
ɱһӣһɱ̫ϳϡ
ӣӲˡݺݵĵ˵֮䣬Ӷӣ֮ըɽӱеĻǾһ
̫ϴϣ磩һڵӺ̫ϳϼ
ɡ˵

ǧһ֮ʣһѺɡȻڲһײ
˭ɽϢɭϣĿͭ壬͸գֻӰڱһǰںǰһ˾޾ħʮ׸ߣͷ˫ǣĿª¾Ѫһ˲ǳ˭
ȵ¾Ѫ˽ˡ
ǣˡ¾ѪӦ̤ԭҰͬһħ񣬴һץͽħɡץУȻſ޾ħϯ
̼䣬˾սһš
ˣҲǣԵ˵λ֡
үˡЦһӣ󣡡
һ죬ֻ˽ķս󣬾Ǽ߽ʦĵصǿվһ
̫ϴϣû°ɣԷӶסӣһ嵤ҩ˵ȷڡ
áӿ˵һۣ¶ɫͷ
һͽӷڴڡ
磨̫ϴϣһ̫ϳϺ͵ӶǹѰʡ
û£ҺóļʱӰ˵
̫ϴϣڴϢص彻Ӧԡ˵
áӵ
ʱǺҲҴҵ˽ʵ̫ϴôˣ
³ԸĵҩѾࡣӺ󱲺ͱ۰ѾֹסѪ˵ǺӣŹ棬ӡųΪͻʦΪ̫ϳϣ񳽻ѾǶʦɡ
⻰Ǻӳһܿ͹Ӧǡ
˵꣬ܣ˵Ź棬ųϳԶʦΪΪ̫ϳϣλ̫ϳϿ飿
ûСһ̫ϳ϶û̫Ϻ߳϶ˡ
Ǻã𣬳Ϊ̫ϵʮ˳ϡһ䣬ǺԪȥϯϿգһ˲ڵӶϢʱȫܣս߰
лϡԹְݵ
ã¼ȨȽǰΣٰ̫ϳǺ˵
ǡӦ
ȥɡӻ˵
ԣ˶߳
ৣ
ǺӺͳԵ˷ɳɱȥ
ƴ䣬ȻռϷ磬ѾɱǼصǿߣǺɱصӣǽսңֻ⻪죬ڣͼһ߾ߵصʬһ㱻
һ棬¾ѪֳֵħɡսѾѹơ
ԭ¾Ѫֻ߽װħΪ˵ħɡ֮սͨŽʦܣʵȻĶ֡
ɱ
Ǻִȣһ£ʼ
ʿ
һ浹ľ󣬵صܣ⣬ʬҰѪɺӡ
أ
ʱħɡݺɨѪɳȥǿס壬ҪܣɶӲ˱³
Ҫˡ˵
ɱ
¾Ѫ͵Χɱս裬ɱ֮ܲ

һҽУͼɱ롣
µĵصӼң˼֮Ҫȫ
ʤˡ
һ̣ⶼ˷ܵĴ
صһսǰˣǺܿͻҲкܴȻڰɣ⿪󡣡˵
áǺɨһۣǧƬأƵĵ˴
һսȻȡʤʧȴأɱһǧ˰١
ԣ⻰Ǻûоܾسϡӷڣȥĳϡʬȫᣬڵصʬ屻һѻȫճɻҽ
¡¡
ڽ״̬
ڵֵס˵ص壬ȴûôˣ屻ݡ
ԣҪȥϼšҷڣǺӾڶݴŶѾص幥ݣ˿̳ȥ»Σա
ģص岢ûǲżǿǰȥڣֻǽѽģ¡˵е˱
ǺãȥٻءǺӵ
壬ọ́뿵ϵ˽һЩ󣬳Ժ͵ǰҷڡ
ûȥϼΪҷھڸ
֣ϣҲԡԿҷڵķ򣬰
ȥΪӪҷ磬ϼϼϼá
볽оɣһҪȡ


967 ȱϼ
ӭǰУȥݴڵص£ѾͿ̿ÿһɱ¾֮£бǳ
ҷڣ
ʱѾص幥ƣϾҷֻһ߽ʦз󣬿Ѿص幥ˡ
أ
ԿȰ˽ʦĵص彫ҷ漸ֵʵûУһȭͽˡ
档
ҷȫ´
ǿߡҷ˻
ٺ٣ߵ𣿡ڼ׽Цһۣһӣһ
Ҹƴˡ
棡
Ƕȥɡ
ֻҷڵӱȻԱɱһƬصӡ
ͳͳҪڼ׽˵գն߸ֱն£һҷͱ룬Ѫɡ
桪ҷڳϡӿ
ǿߡʱһҷ̫ϳϻʮ곤ϡɱǶӢҷδӣܱصȫɱһ˺Ȼҷ磬ֻ߽ʦΪڵصǿǰԵ̫С
ɱǡڼ׽Ŀע⵽ҷһˣɱ
ãǿߡ̫ϳסҪ

ֻһ׷߷ɳȻԱصһɷԲһˣΪƽء
ڼ׽ŭ˵ļʱͱɱˣȴʮ˼ǿ߱ɱ
ߡ˻ҷ˶ٳҷڡ
ն
ڼ׽ն󺣣ɭϣɱִƬҷڳϡӡ
ݣ
ڴʱӰ
ɱ
齣ɨϯأɽݣһɱǧص塣

˽ɱڼ׽
ʲô
ڼ׽һǲɽˣ
Ȼȴûи˵һ仰ֱɱ֡
֡ҷ羪ϲ
֣ˡǸȻ˵
ҷˡҷȻ
һжȥģǾҷڵδɨһۣ˵ȥڰɡ
лҷ

ʱڼ׽ɱ
ҷѾɱųɣˣ˵ˣӵӣѾʣ²˶ˡ
ߣǻǻڡԶԵ˵
أ˵ϸҵǱ㡣
ȥϼţģ¾Ѫߣû˵ҡ˵
ǡ˵
֣ȥڣȥϼžϼϼ˵
һСġҷ
¾ѪߡԶ¾Ѫ˵

¾ѪٶħԪٶȼ죬һɫ籼ϼš
ϼҷһ㣬ص幥ȴΪҷһƣⶼڱϼŵĿɽһŽʦܣһλʦϼŵķֲá
ȻѾȥ⾰ɱ˼ô칥ϼŵΡ
ҹһףֳַ컭ꪣһս񣬳ҲΪ㣬˿ȴһŭһҪҰ󷨴򿪡
巽ն
׻ը
ɱ
ŭ

صǿ߷ӵϣɱɱУϼŵķ󷨡
ϼϿգһɫ֣ŵص׺ݹ
ֻǹֵɫ𽥱䵭Ȼʱֵܹסʱһֻǳ顣
¡¡
־𣬾ҡΣҪ
ô죿ϼ˵ʱ¾ͻᱻơ
ɳȥԴôˣϼ̫ϴüʵ
Ѿɳȥˣһⶼɱϼ˵صӷɭϣǵΪǺѳȥġ
һ̾˵˴ܵȥ
ǣصΧºɱȥϼ˵
ΨһķΪϼűһӡ߳̾˵ұϼûħȴڵصϣϷǱϼŵ˰
ϡһڱϼųϡӻ
ö˵ȥסǣ㱣Ǵܵȥ߻˵
ǡϼֻӦ
㣬ǻ᲻ѽں棬һٻĽû໥пһʵ
ϼᱣġ㱧õļ˵
ߣΪʲôԴûǣѵһ㶼ûе𣿡ϼһü˵̫ɶˡ
Ҳ⵽˵ص幥ˡգһۿУԣ
㣬㿴˰ɡϼſǻ˵Ȼ˳ŽĿ⿴ȥȻһӰӺȻǳԣϼ˴㣬Դˡ
š˫ۺͷ
̫ˣ㡣ϼչ˫ۣס㣬ı˵
߿ͻȻֵĳԣҲһ㶣ߵ¾Ѫȴǳһħ塣
¾ѪԿ׽
ǡ¾Ѫֳֵħɡ߳ƽ׽ħϯ󽭴һȥ
һ߽װħҲ뱾һս׽ŭ
ৣ
¾Ѫ򿪵ħɡʱһɿֲɭȻϢ׽
ʲô׽󺧣ħ
ɱ
ܿ죬¾Ѫͺͽ׽սһţ˲߾·硣
Լǰߣǰ˵
ǳԣ˵Ǳϼ̫ϴ
ǰѾص֣ϼҲ⣬ǰΣ˵
ǡðɡһ£ͷ˵


968 Ͷ
һҽֻǽ׽ħɡɱ
¾ѪѾңǰԷġԼɻ󣬽͵
ԭˡȻԳ˵룡
ܿ죬ͽϼڲ
Դ硣
ֻϼŽһ·СܹĻϲ˵㣬Ҿ˵ˣԴһǵġ
ղſûô˵㿴˳һۣЦ
ߣҾô˵ˣ֪ûˣǲѽԴ硣ϼŽһǰԳ˵
ϼϼԿŶŮĿȴ˺ϣģɣֻȴǶһĨ㲣һ̾˵ǰǺͱϼǰڣǿһЩʱֵܹסصĽ
Դ磬صǿ𣿡ϼʵ
ǿ˵Ҳ⵽˽Ҵ󲿷ŶѾֻʣһֶźһŻڵֵ
ʲôϼ˶ɫһ䣬ǰͷ˵ôǿ
²˳٣ǰʰһ°ɡ˵
á
ϼȻ⵽ãûκˣȫ¼ˣȻڡҪٺܶ࣬ȴҪһЩʱ䡣
Ǳϼ̫ϴϣ˿һ£ȫжϼҲ⡣
һȥϼȫԱš
׽صӴңм߽ʦİ˼ص彫죬Ҳ¾ѪĶ֣ͳͳɱ
ǰУٶȴࡣ
̫ˡü˵
Ҳһ̾ȴûκΰ취ռȻСֻܹǧңֻһһǰУҺöûпȾŽʦľżǿߴڣڱϼ˵һѡ
̫ˣ
һ·ݵĲ״ӳÿһߡ
ˣӿٶȡеǣ˵
ȫӿٶȡϼ˵
ϼǳϣǵӣ˲״зţ޲뿪Ǽӿٶȡ
صǲݵֻʮżǿߣʵȰ˽ʦѾɱصҲǱɨһգһǿҲǰ
Ϣȴ̴˵صȨġ
ɭŭݵĵصǿ߳Ԯݣڡ
˿̣ѾصɱǶⶼù鹦ڣǺһѾ͵ص年ᣬӦϣ֮УݣЩżǿߵõɭǰݡ
һ˲䣬·иǿҵķ籩Ҫϯһ
ԭٵľѾǽ壬ʬû񣬱ɳһѰ׹ǡ
ڣڡ
ǰ֮Ӿǲλǰ˵ģ
ǰǰѾ˵޷ֵص壬ǰ֮˵
ô˰̾
ǾͲ뿪ˣұϼӣñϼűȥ̾
ˡ̫˵
ðɡ̾Ҳ֪ǲѵķֻһ·ˡ
Աİžʹ㰲ŰɣҪ죬ݵĵصǿѾ߸ˡ˵
϶ߣǶȥš˵
ǡ̫϶Ϻ߳ϵ
һʱȥںĵԼ츳׵ĵӡϳǰ֮
Ҳǰ֮ɡԶϼ˵
أϼȻʵ
˵߰ɣóҲһ뿪
áϼҧ촽˵
ϼһ˵ԴҪСġ
һġԵ
ԱҲ뿪˴룬ϵȫȥҲ⣬Ϊһǲʧ
ϣԱ𣿡ʵ
ţһǧˡӵһЩѾС磬ֻֻǧңѾ㹻ˡ
áԵͷ
ԣҲȥɡӵ
ǰԣҲȥ֮ɡ̫ϵ
ʱ䣬󱻹ƣǾͶСУ뷢Ҳһ׵顣ӵ
䣡
ڴʱһ졣
磬صΧˡʱ̫߳ϼҴҵ˽˵ݵĵصѾϵͶصϹ
жپżǿߣʵ
ܶ࣬ʮˣȾŽʦĴڣʮˡ̫߳ϵ
ôࣿüʵ
š̫߳Ҳصͷĵصǿ̫ˣȻҲԶԣôżǿһĻҲֲ˶á
ӵ˾һأڵնѹ֡
ȳȥӵ
䣡
߳ǾҵըҲԽԽ󣬼磬ֻѹѹĵصڰУɷ󣬷ϹµǴżǿһʮѹǿᵽ˼㣬Ŀ⣬˲ֱӡ
ৣ
ӵһǱɫ
һǿƺɨӿһƥ֡
ȻЩǿȾŽʦĵصܡ
һھżǿߵĺ󷽣ȥһһӵķУޱ޼ʣǹ֣ս꣬죬ˣսĺ죬ڣ޹һ㡣
һľ£صս߶ɢԪӿϼ䣬ֻǧɽǧɵɽȭ塢ӡȺĹ󣬺¡ڶ
ϯڣֻҪΪʦѪҽһӲը
һ˲䣬Ѫҽһ߾嵹¡
Ժӵ˳ǰһУһ࣬Ŀгŭ
ʱһɫ۵̬߳ϣͶ㶼˵ף˷˵ص׹ӣҵص׹ȴѵŲͶͶǻڻҪֵʲôʱ򣬻Ͷ


969 Լսľ
롣һ
ߣΪ󣬱κβڲɣһ˵ձͽΪƽء˵գһӣ
ǣ
һ£Ĺ뿪٣籩ϯһ㡣
¡¡
ԽԽȻֲ˶ˡ
ˣԺӵÿһ˶ء
̫ӵµ
ڴʱһϵ
ˣ
ֻһϼһս֣ľޣȳʦڡ
սϣվһӰͨ⣬һ˸һ̫ϡ
μ̫ӵ¡
һ˲䣬صӹ
紵ݴط·һû
ľأ
û뵽ľؾ
ʱľҲ˳ԣһ˫Ŀһ˿⣬ʻսǰһ񣬵塣
̫ӣôˣʵ
Ϊһ˶ľص
ԣ
šľصͷһսڶǰ֮䣬һ֮ɢ·ľؾߣ£Ե˾ĳӣǰѲӣʯԣȻ
Ǻǣû뵽ھȻǰδ̫˰ɣЦ
̫Ӳڣ㡣ľҡͷԣҴݣΪ㡣
ңɻ󣬲֪ľҪʲôע⣿
һ˲ţ̫Ӱϧ˲ţҿԸһλᣬֻҪħģӽͶЧҾˡڣһ·ľصͷ˵
û뵽ҳԾȻһ˻ʮԴЦ
˭֪ľǴЦ˵˵ʮ򣬾̫ҲԸ⻻һˣôԿһ¡
ÿǣ㳼ҡԾȻ
Ĳ𣿡ľɫ࣬˫Ŀŭɣ̫˵ֻҪ㳼̫ӣ㲻ʮҲҪٴι֮ðգھͻƣʱѪɺӣڲٴڣ㳽ҲӲ˱ɱ³
ľأȻţɸҺһսԸ˵
һսľسʵ
ԵֻҪܹңҾͳ㣬֮˱
СľؾܾҸµûȨ
ľأѵһѩǰ𣿡ԺȻЦʵǵڰԵ֮УЩҵϣղӦսҵϲɣ

ľر׷ɱһ£ľر˺Ͱ˹û֪񳽻صӻȻǶţ߸ϵ̫ӵ»ᱻһ׷ɱ
ⲻܣ
ûеصųԵĻ
ȴˡ
סڡľԣɫ࣬˫ĿȣԣǰħūŰ̫ᡭߣֻ֮һˣ̫ɱ㷴ڶ
һˣҿԱ֤¾Ѫ֡˵ô𣿡
壿ľعְݵӦҪ󡣡
аգʵ
ֻǶʦΪѾﵽ˼۷壬ʦɱԷˮһ򵥡ľŵ
ãֻһΡ
ԣ̫һսľظ
սսս
һ˲䣬صźսĳ죬쳹ء
áԴȵ
ԡӵǵ
ϣǻ취𣿡ʵ
ҪСġ֣˵ΣգϷ̳֡
Ҳǡ̫Ϻ
ৣ
û˵˴˿Ѿûл˵ˡ
򿪴󡣡
¡
򿪣һ
ϣرմ󡣡
նͷ죬̤գڷ죬ĿӭľصĿ⡣
ৣ
ͬûκλľؾͬһƥɸߣͬĻһѹ򳽻ԣ죬
һʯ˳֣ʯ֮УһɿĽʦϢڶ÷һս֪Լʯ˺ʦһս֮Ҫܣȴһ׵顣
÷һսԭ㣬Խ־ͻƣҪԭ÷֮ȴ֮ˣ̺棬ĵģ򳽻Բսʤ÷ˡ
棬ľȻδͻƾżȻǴﵽ˰˼۷壬ʦڡ
ңľء
ǿ֣ԣԸҴ⣬ȫעһս
ˡ
һɷϯᣬȥصһǰײһһɢ
ৣ
һ˲ֻľһ򳽻ԣԵϢ
䣡
δһϯ
ˣ
ͬʱһɲϯסȫʯ˱档
ৡһ¡
ֻһźīܹɫƲ񷣬һλңڻ滭أɲǣͷϿȾīһ㻯һƬɫʣԴӿ֣ɭ޵ɢ䡢ɭȻϢ
ָƣ
ľر֮ƣͬһ̫ԲãϿյ̫ȥһָǴһ˿Ц·ѾԵһָ¡
࣡һ
ˮѵֻһ̺˸ָ
հν
Ǳܵģ齣£ƿգ޼᲻ݣһͽָ˳ȥ
ʲôľɫһ䣬ôܣ
漴Ŀʯˣ˵ʯ˵סʯ˵ǿԼʵ


970 սľ
Ե
ѹԼսҡľŭΪܹҸ㣬עΣңһӰɣһҲûᡣ˵꣬ŭһǴһָ
ָ
һָ˫һڽԽﲻơ
ľЦ𣿡
˭˵Ҫˣ
гɲ౾Դ壬ӵʵĳȻľһֳָ齣̤ϣƵĽʶĿһض·𱻴ơ

һ̣ƬƬĽ
Ȼá
ಣಣಣ
δ䣬ֻսĵص壬ַ֮ɳӨӨĹԣԶԶȥͬһɫ򳽻ԣ·һ޴ȺնʱһƬ˺ѡ
ǽ£ӺǿĽ츳ʱձȻɾһܣҵصһвԲ
û뵽ô򽣰ˣҿеˡľҲǳһ۶ų˵
ն
Ȼȴûжգ齣£ͬ֮һ㣬Ƶıľأ֮ȫһƬգɲ

ľһǼܼȺ޶ã˫ֽӡһɻ纣Хһӿ

ٿȻһľͬһ̫ɫʣ޸飬һ
¡
һմ죬鿪ѳһռѷ죬һɹɿռ籩ϯһ򳽻ԡ
ɱ
Եֻľ˫ӡӿͬɽ鱬̰˻ģǿµڱʱƬƬǷޱȵıȻǿ顣
̫ˣ
˿µһĻصһһҲͷƤ飬ǳԺľض˵ɡ
򳽻ԵĿ⣬ɱ˸ӵȴ˿ɵǳԣϾľظӵǿơǿᡣ
ս
ûк£ս죬ʯ˹Ю޾ľء
ս
һսҪľؽս
гɲ౾ԴʯˡʣǳԵƣƣֻнսԲսʤľصϣ
Һҽս
ľһ۾Ϳ˳ԵͼһЦ߶ӭЦԣԼ͹ֲñ̫ˣɣ̫ӵľϹڹž񣬵ûκܹ֮ҲУο̲ʯ˶ѣֻҪҴϵƣҵġ
ǾԡЦ
ƣ
ľһսȭɽһȭռ飬һǰʯϡ
ٺ١
ľЦܿЦֹͣ
顱һ
ʯ˺󼸲סٴξ齣ͷĻľء
ȻЩ̣̫СˡľɫһЦ
ôЦ
ľشŭ
䣡
ľ˫ȭɽһȭ꣬ն飬ռ籩ӿ
񽣣
⣡
ռ佣⣡
Խսľأս죬ҡֱϣȫڣÿһѪⶼ̣·ڹⶼйɵͬһƵʣͬʱԪڣһ㲨׳
䣡䣡䣡
һнһеʩչͷ˵ĳ죬ȫ·ʹͬսΪս
ڷڣȽľء
˿񱩵Ĺľ̸ЦǴЦԣ˲ңɡ
ľŽ޼᲻ݣ죬ͬһһȭ죬ѣݣͬһսһ
֮
ˣԾþ֮ɾʱľغȻЦԣ׼ʩչ֮𣿡
š
һ⻰ԿľأɫԷȴǺЦ˵һԡ
澫֮
֮
֮
һ֮ȴľؾȻδһɶû
ԣоȻ˵
оԿľ˵
㾹Ȼ֪ľز̫ԽԽɱˡ
ײ³Ĳ˵
Ȼ֪ˣ׼бͶ𣿡ľشЦ
ԣÿռ侫֮ྫ֮Ҳԡٴ˵
һ⻰۾һЦľ˵֪ľֵܷ˿ռ䱾Դ
˿ռ䱾Դľؾ
ûлشĻѾʩչ˿ռ侫֮
ˣ
áʱľؾһ𣬻ɫһףܿЦԣ˿ռ䱾ԴֻСɵĿռ䱾Դ˺˱̫𣿡
ԣԵһЦ
ľؼˣһͻһõԤС
౾Դ֮
гɲ౾Դ߶۾֮ɱľصľ硣
أ
һ˲䣬͸оһľ硣
һƬ⣬һ
꣡
ֻȴǱྫ֮Уͣһ£һ졣
ľŭһ߶־ֵȥֻ־ȴǱȲóԵĽ׽־ݺѹ
꣡
һ졣
ػľؾ飬ྫ֮ɱľ硣
ʱľشһһѪɫ԰ޱȣݺݵĿ˳һۣ˵ʲô
ˣʮźȥྫ֮ľؾˡ
ߡ
ƺһһѪ


971 ʦ
߶ξ񹥻ڻٴδ߶𣿡ľؼ˹Цԣɡ
ҳǲ᳼κ˵ġĿƵȻΪ̫ˣֻǶʦֻ̫Ҫһྫ֮Ϳľأȴǲˡ
𣿡
ľЦ߶ͨһ̫˫Ŀ籦ʯ̤գѺ۳ڽ£Ȼǣ˵ԣ½ݾ޷ֵҵص׹ȵĴǲ֮Ҳ޷ֹֹ𣿡
˶٣˵գҵص׹Ⱦͻư½ıָǰҫ䣬һ˽ܣֻҪϳңҵĸ츳һ̽½İأΣ
սɣ
ûĻֻһ֣ս
Ѱ·
ľŭˣŭˣص׹̫ӵݣнԣҾֱܾϣ޷ˡ

һɺƴԪʯϴݶ
籾ԴԴԴԴռ䱾Դ౾ԴԴ𣬻ҫݴأȶһɷƥĽݶʯһ޽һ㣬ֱָ񷣬һһǰƴ
ڣ֫ٺֳƣơ⡢£һڳϡ
ԿΪ
ˣ˱ǽ
ɱ
һԶˣ罣Դţɫʣͷ׶ʣҫ£ʮɫ
㾹ȻֱԴôܣľؾ
ݣ
ȻԲһ糤羭һƽľء
ءһ
ǧ𣬲գعѣһһȥռѷһһӳӿĿռ籩ڽµĺɨ֮£ȫҡ
䣡
һ̣ԾȻоͻʦס
սϵս
ֻ㣬Բпܴﵽޣʦľһս
ܵ𣿡ľЦˣҲˣվͿ˭֧ŵ󡣡
ս
˵ľһ̫ϯҽ৴أռ䶼·ѹ飬سȥ
һɲɹӶ֮ɢϯʮء
ˣ
üͷһƸ߾١
ȣ
ʮصУ֣ѭѭ˳ǧ
á
һĻӺ˶ɫ䡣
磬Ծݽߣô죿̫ϼʵ
һսֹˡ
ܼܲ־ͿԼˡ̾
䣡
һ춯صĴ죬Ӵ񷣬ԴȺľأ¼ӳ֣Ϲ
һ̣罣Ȼչֳһָܵš
ĶľҲǳˡ
ɱƣ
ľزǳǿ֣ʵıǶܹģʱգسһۡ
ԼĶ֣ľҲгԿ϶һ档
սսս
սĢһϯķƵһײǿҵĻ𻨣۷Ծûκε覴ãأľض˽Ƶչֵ쾡¡
ۡ
˽սâɣԶԶȥͬһһ̫ײһ
һ̣չֳ˸ܵˡ
һսסڳϡӣҲǽصʮסû뵽һ꾹ȻӢϴ̫ӵ´൱ಮ٣ô
ֻǣһжǰ
뱣סԣδϣӵ
ǡһ̫ϳ϶Ӧû˿ԣ·Ӧһ㡣
ԣΪڶս
Ϊ̫ϳϣʦܣƽ߸ϣӵϣ˵һ
ȻͷΪֻܿһȥսǵݡλ
Σ
ûһڳϲΣ
ڵУѾԷΪΪսص׹̫ľأţؽ󣬶۷
ۣ
к£һĨһĨѪǴʯ˱ڣ˺ۣʯ˻壬ľǿ纣һĹҲˡ
ľˣء󱲶нۣѪʡ
𣡡
ľطݸ߹󣬵ص׹̫ӣ˼ܣͬһ棬ȴһڳϣֱĪĳ裬裬Ѫϴȥ
ˣ
һǿԵϢϴ콵ϣ˽٣ױȡ
ԴƴľأѪ˺ۡ

Ǿ޴̲סʹ˫Ŀԣϵ壬·أӵ˸
ͻƣ
Ҫͻƣ
дս֮ˮʣ񽣺ɨķԲǧ֮ڣɽϾ𡢴ݣĩվ

ľĿƵĿųԣɫһ䡣
䣡
һ־볽ڣͻƣͻˡ
ʦ
һɰӿڣСϪϴ壬ţгɲ౾Դǣա
ľأսذ֡˫Ŀ罣£·˺أֱ͸ľġ
롣ľŭ
ɣ̤գЮϽ£ǰ
Զͻˣ
̫ˡӵ˴ϲᡣ
𣡡
ľؿŭսԣ۷壬Ϣӿһֽѹȥռ飬غ¡س٣һƬĹž
ս
𣬴ʯ߳ʯˣһ壬˫齣ն£һض·˺ѣ¿طѣʯ˵ֻóԷӳʦսȫƿأͻȻףȻӵʦʯɡ


972 ľ
㲻ʯˣľؾƾܹҵľ⣿
ľأ̫ˣѵͲ֪Ҳ𣿡Ц⣬ҵѾﵽף߳һףľҲ塣
ãܺáľĿ˫Ŀ̫ţ˵ԣұһ㣬ҴĶ֣ͿԴңʹشˡ˵꣬ľ˫趯ɽŲƣ졣
أ
һŲ£ռѣݣľذ׶أԣǵһʹžˣӭҵıŭɡδ䣬ֻ̫âϿȽ̫ҫأã
ްθߣ
һᣬͼľӵʮͨųչԣ̫ĹԶڱΣǧ

ľƶʱһǿƥķ籩ϯ磬ȷ籾ԴƼ󣬵ٶȲ
ս
µûκԣֻһսס
ৣ
˫齣̤գغն£һһʮɵ糱ˮһӿľء
ֻǣľصľžʮϹŽ
ţ֮žţ̺žŹһ֮⡣
˵ž
һʩչݣľһһʽƵУɽӣ纣գưǬںƵͨأ̺
飡
һڳϣóԸоͺһɽһӡһƬѹһˡ
ľ̫˫һգƵ̫Ƚһһ߽⡣
ն
齣ȣȴһ̫ơ
䡱һ
ˡ
㻹ʲôľرƽͷڷŭڣ£ӢϴſһЦݣ˫ȭգһȭһ̫̺žŹһ֮ӳ֣óԲϺˡ
壡
壡
֮壡
ʩչ罣糽ԡ
ģ
ֻһȭֻһȭľؾʹ壬Цԣûõģ־ܰɣ
ûôǾͿռ壡ңѪһ˺ۿɲη޾壬ռӿգܽľص̫类ҽܣ˱ѩڻ
䣡
һľرˡ
ⲻܣ
ʧɫʱΪռΪǿռ䱾Դ𣿡
ս
ս潣ľأӳǣ
ռ佣
ֽ⣡
ӢȻ뽣Ϊһ壬ǽҲһһУ˽ռ䱾ԴһľصƵ
ۣ
һһռ佣նľϣѪɽѪҺ罭ӣ꣬һѪ䣬ݣֳһ

žŰʮһˮ£ľصɳȥǧסѪȫΪһѪˣڷȾѪҺֻ˫Ŀ⣬ȣЦ˵ãܺãǵһҵˣһúõĽ֫ġ
ûǸᡣԽָľأƽȴ̺һֲΥĵ塣
ôľЦѪŭ裬͵ŭ𣬡Ѫת󷨣
䣡
·ըľرһѪûһѪ
¡
ݣϵȻһ޾ѪҺڱΣһѪĻ򳽻ԣ󺣹ƺƵ
ն
罣齣ն£ռȻȴѪĻ壬ϯϣſһѪɳɣһѪȾ죬ѪʣܹɭɭĹͷ
Ҳ̶ã
ٺ١
һЦľشѪĻ߳һӰ˫ĿɫѪɫãǳѪ̫һͷϿգ˫ȭɽѪҺʣƬѪҺϴӽѪҺٲʴء
𣡡
ľضųԣĿˣӰ˳٣ԣɣ˵գ̤գ򳽻ԣѪ֮ƶѪڽʣ׺쳣
Ѫգ
ϯأľһĳѪӳ죬ѹԡ
飡
桢ֻпռһ˲Ҳɢһ죬ֻԾͬʯػɳȥѪ
壡
Ѫһ˲һ齣һӣɫϯȥһ죬ѪҺ߽⡣
ʲôƣ
ľسһɫݣ˫£Ƿɽʯ콵һ㡣
žŰʮһƣ
䣡
ľƴԣҲ̲౾ԴսԺžŰʮһ
ôܣľزţԼĵƶãȻ޷ܳԣŭ죬ŭɶƣޣ쳤Хһ£Ѫշ񷣬һƬһƬȥ
пᣡ
ΪģԲǧɣرԺľض˵Ӳʮɣ
ˡ
罣ն£أľսһ𣬵ֻһ˲ľؾͱնɳȥ
ľŭɢѪʣ˫ĿѪâ¶ֻϢȴһ֣ͷϿյľѪչâҲ࣬վѪ
ս
ľŭԣǲܴܱ̫ӵģ
ǿδأ
ӳԿ³Ʒ죬ӡɳӭǣʮɴСԵһȵɱ
أ
ӡľͷϿѹ¡
ǼóˡľЦһ˫ϣ˫Ų̤գ֮ƣ쳤Хƣ
Ѫգ׷׳ӭӡ
ء
ѪճӡδײǴƬնռѷӣռ籩ϯķ˺ѡ


973 ֮
̫ˣ
ǵصӣڳϡӶ𾪣ֱս
һҪɱӡ
ۡ
һ˲ӡѹ˾Ѫϣһֽһֵ飬㾰ľɫ䡣
ৣ
̶ݳ
ľأҪ𣿡Եͬĺĳһڿ𣬴ķ
䣿̫ӻû䡣ľŭ
ǾһսԵ
𣡡ľһ֮ϯȥ˫ĳһֽһѪճȥ
Ȼһȫӡѹ
أ
ӡ£ľϣѪ䣬Ѫ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
̫ӡ𣬴̽ץסľء
ľأˡԺȵ
ԣ㡭ۡľػδ˵꣬˫ĿһɣһѪȥ
ԣҪɱ㡣
ԼǸ˱ˡԵ
˱Ц̫ӵԼ뱾Լ
㡭ɫһףŭ
ҹڣΪ̫ӵ¸𡣡һ£ֻӶһķ糱ˮһź쳹Ϊ̫ӵ¸𣡡
ɡŭգȻһѪ
СɣЦһץ򳽻ԣҪץ
ˣ
δǾż۷ǿߵϢʱ羪İһϯڳϣصһһѪɳȥ
ԡ
ɫ䣬ŭ絶
˽ʦҲҶԱ֣ŭĿƣһӡ
ৣ
ӱסԣһӡıϣһѪ
ǰ磩
һڳϷ׷״𣬳
󡣡
ɫ԰ף˻ź

һӣҹʱֻʮصս󣬹ɱڣǳĳϡȫɱ
ǳʱ䣬˵ӱųԽڡ
ϡԺ
ԣڱסˣ߰ɡֽһ棬ȻЦסڵӡ
䣡
Ȼһ죬֮ʼѡ
ߡһƿԣϷĿɣ
ԣߡϺ
ԣӽǺǰһƷŵϣĳ˵ϣܹϴȥ
ݼڵһۣųԹһݡ
ͷܷǳ˫Ŀͨ졣
ӿǺһۣٿ˳һۣԵ˵λͳǰ֮
أ
ϺȻǰһĵͷϣ˹ȥ˵߰ɡ
á߿ӵһۣͷ˵ǷģһὫ԰ȫ͵֮ġ
㸺𽫴ٵӾ
ǡӦ
䡣
ǿڣҡΣ𶯣У˻ͳԽС磬Ͽ󣬶һٽٵ
ء
ڵߡʧڴһɲըѿս쳹أʮص״ͬһӿڡ
һȵ
ɱɱɱ
ɱ¾֮쳹ڣһڳϡӵ¡
ʹС硣Ϻ
û꣬Ҳ벻С磬СҲˡһ֮ɫ̾ǷɢͻΧɣϷڡ
һ⻰˾ǳĬ
ϣǺڹǺһ֮ɫ
ڹϡӵܸ
أأأ
һ˲䣬ϡӳԱص׾ͬھ
׳ңܺãὫȫġЦ
ɱ
Ӵһһ

Цһһӣһɫץ৶۵һӵͻһѪ
磨ϣǺӺϵ˻
ͬھɣһԪۣԱصһһɿֲϮȥƬص׾
Ƕɣʧɫα˳ǧɫɱ󣬽Ϊƽء
ɱ
ʮصѹڣÿһ䣬֮Ѫʬ塣
ɱ
ϡϡ߳ϡǺһվ𣬳ڼʮӣûһܡ
һȷѪ꣬ɱ¾չ
һһҹ
ϣѪɺӡʬҰɽ塢ʯס¥̨ͤϵһһľѪȾ졣
һսӣɽӣʮˣȫս
صʧսݵʮӣݸľӣʮս˰˳ɣʣҲ˴ˡ
̫ˡ
ѹľسս֮ϣңϵһУһֲĸоϮͷ
Ϊ½Ѿû˸ս֮ˣһ֪شȥǵʬȫᣬڴġһ˵
ǡӦǡ
壬ˣľʵ
С磬ǰ˲֮
֮ľһƽԣӲˡ

֮
ԡ
Ҳ֪˯˹ãԺŮںԼƣ˫ۣʱ滨ǰȻŷѩͷǶŮ
ˣˡŷѩͷǶŮһۣϲ֮ɫ
ϡԿŶŮһ̾˫Ŀ˵ǷģһΪǱѩ޵ġ
ԣû°ɣŷѩһʵ
û¡ҡͷ


974 ɱ¾֮
ԣǶѾ֪ˣ㲻ҪѹǺ˵һսʤصġ
šŷѩҧ촽
ôʵ
Сĵ㡣ǺŷѩŮæһһҵķסԣ˵Ƕû£ֻǺܵ㡣
ȥǽƽŷѩ
šԵͷһƣЦһ˵̫ˣѣв౾Դ壬Ѿ˴ô츴չ
ŷѩȥһᣬŲֻϺϼáŷҷ˶˽
ݼϡ˽һ٣ǰݵ
ǡԿЦϡϵļݣӡǺӵУѵĵͷ˵ɡ
û°ɡǰʵ
ڵһжѾ֪֪Լ̳󣬶ܾȣǶͬû˷ԡ
û¡˵ϡȻѾˣǻڣڻڣһ죬ڻվƬ½ϡ
ǡӦ
ôʵ
áʱ򣬲Ҳ˽˵⼸죬ݣѾȫصռ죬ݴ󲿷ֵҲѾռ죬ֻšɽڵȼڼ֡
ôأü
һص顣ص
ʲô飿ʵ
Ԫˡ
Ԫһ㶣ʱ˫Ŀӿɱ⣬һɿ񱩵ӳɢ÷ǡɫ䡣
ԡǺŷѩŮæסԵ˫֣ɻΪγԪ仯ôֻΪΪԪص年ᣬԼڡ
㲻Ҫ嶯
֪ЦЦŷǶŮ˵ģû¡
ˣŮ΢
ʵɣ
šͷ˵⻹һֵ飬Ԫڲɼɱ¾֮ǴĲɼݣҲǵӰصӹɱߣɱ¾֮
ǰôüʵ
ǻڲһɱ󡣡˵ӵ飬
û⡣Եͷ˵һӡ֣һӰʹɳȻһµϻá
󣬳һܣ˵ϻãô
Ҫȥ۲һ¡ϻó˵
û⡣
һ߳ʯݣƽ̨

ԵϷվɽ֮ϣңÿһ䡣
һĿһɨͿԼصݸţ壬šɽȶŶ⵽˵صӵĽ֮£һԶԺˣͳһװһͭޣգ˫ִӡͼһ޵Ѫ߽ͭС
ɱ¾֮
ռĶɱ¾֮
Ǵǰֵģݸռ˵⻰˵ԣ˵ϻģ˶ɱ¾֮һɱеĻͨŽʦܶǶ֡
ֻǲ²⣬һռɱ¾֮ϻ˵
ѵɱ¾ѧֻͨǺѧҪôɱ¾֮üʵ
Ⲣ࣬Ϲ֮ʱеɱ¾ߣɱһ͵ȴ½ϻĿ¶â˵һ͵ȴ½ٱȽյ½˿ڶʮϡ
˻һԵ˾һ
侹˲б֮ˣŭ
ǺǣǿΪϹʱڣһɱһ͵ȴ½ˣֱһ΢顣ϻЦ
ԣ˶ʱ͡
ϻãǵڶأʵ
˶ϻã˵Ҳǲ˵ģ󷨡
˶٣ϻü˵ϹʱŲɱ󣬶ЩɱҪõɱ¾֮ЩƷ󷨣Ҫɱ¾֮ƣҪɱ˿ڣҵϣмɱҪһ˵ɱ¾֮
˻
һ⻰˺ͳԾǵһ
ϻ÷·ûпһ˵ȹģ㣬ɱ¾֮ɱĻӦòƷɱ󡣡
Ϊʲôʵ
Ϊɱ½ˣҲòƷɱ󡣡ϻ˵˵ɣֻһ򵥵ƷɱҲҪߣס˱ߣΪֻϵɱ¾֮ģ½ߣҲûаߡ
ͨ˵ѪҲҪռɱĻҲһ򵥵ɱ󡣡ϻ˵
ɱ󣬻ѧǶֹ˵
ҲôɵֻȫǵصӣȻǻûнڵȴʲô
ǵɭǰɣ˵
Ҳ
ץ˻Ϣ˵
ֻˡ졣
ȥԵ
ҪСġЩ˵ΪҶһһӵսռָӡ
áԵͷ
˻شʯ
֮ܣѪ֣вٿܡ
ọ́ԳԽʯ˺ǸʦĿܽΪ֮ãϾʦΪòˡ
Ϧ䣬һƬƣڲ֮ϣ·֮ȼˡ
Ҳ֮£Ժ͵뿪˲֮
ˡ
صڲ֮⣬ֻΧ
ȻдѲ߾ӣԱܹ΢΢鿴澹вʮӣвʮżǿߡ
һжСġ


975 ٶ
һյʱ󣬳Ժ͵˳˵صİΧȦ
ֻȴ֪֮󣬾һ˼żصǿ߸ǡ
ৣ
˲δУڵ漲С
֮ǧ֮⣬ԪһԶԺռɱ¾֮
Ѱ䵥СӶ֣
ܿ죬˾һֵСӡ
СԱһ㣬Žʦһͽʦ
Сӣôܻǳ˵Ķ֣ɾɱˣץһˡ
á
Ȼɫһ䡣
˸١ͬʱ߾оżǿߣ
δ䣬ֻʮӰķΧż۷صǿߣȾŽʦܣһͨľŽʦܡ
ǳ԰ɣ߳һˣȲǿ߸ںʾĵλ
ʲôˣʵ
ΪЦҴ磬̫ӣһ㣬˲÷ֵ飬ұɱ㣬ǿϧϲɱŵĸо
󡣡
ߴһͬʱɳս󣬳˳ȥԣߡ
һӲˡЦ˵˵գһ֣˵һɱ֡
ৣ
ٿȻһӰӰն£ֻһƿ˵˵սһѪɳȥ
ŭ
ǣѱЦһһ紵һֳųʺץ

ڴʱĵҽ˱ǳֵǿһ
ߡԴ𣬻治壬齣ն£ལ¡
飡
Ȼֻһ£ͱɳȥѪڣֹһѪ
ģֺܿ죬ʹС򳽻ԣЦҿɲǸͿ
ûбİ취ˡ
ʮżΧԶ֣ûκĿܣҲģϴèϷ飬ʱһʯȻڳͷϿգһƬҹ
ֹɫһ䣬
ˣ
һֻԱǻâ֣һΣʧǹʯҲӰˡ
ˣ˫ųʧĵطܣŵôܣңһҪҵۡ
ǡһǿ߹Ӧ

һƬҰ硣

һƬֻһӰȻ
ǳ˭
߿ռ䣿ԻһۣǰϤĳ˵ҲһѵĲط˵ţԿ򶫷һʯſնͨͿȥݣȴһǿߡ
ȥǲȥ
˼ϻõ˵Ǳʯ˵ĴܣǳԽʦĴڣȻΪ½ҲԿġ
֪ˣԳȥ
Ϣһʱʧ˶

ãҫĺƽ棬ԣĿһ㡣
ԭĶȴǻһƬ⺣һһĺɶ飬ɱ塣
½һ㣬һƬɱ¾
һУüͷܣ˵⺣
ȳ
ৣ
罣ǰķȻĹȳ
ֻǵȳʱķپѾڣۿڶûˣȫռ졣
⣬Ի˵صӰ
ɫһ˷̳ǡ
Ȼ̳ѾΪصĹͬ
ûзɽټ
ʲôˣ
Ȼһȴӳڴֻһһ۵߳ڷ̳ϿգĿ磬һץͼֳһɫƣץһ˸ֲ棬ͬһ㣬
װ˼ܣнʦ
ݣ
˶˵ӳֲ棬ա
ءһ
һձըԴԳ
Сӣǰ˴ˣߺʵ
ǡ˵ţֻһҪʣȳϵƼȥˣ
Ƽңû뵽Իش⻰һ£Ц˵Ƽ֮ѾϷɱ⡣
˵ʲôԣ˫˸ɱ
СӣˣƼ˶ϷɱˣҲҪϷϡһ۾Ϳ˳ԵΪʦߣһ־Ϳɱһ˫ɫͫųϷЦ
ǸŮأĿʵңǸŮأ
ŮȻǱϷȼɱˡ
ɭȻ
Ҹһ㶣ЦСӣ˵Ϸҿǲ֪νҲãϷȥŮ˵꣬Ÿֲͳ򳽻ԣһɻɢɣϯķ

ŭһԴһץ齣У϶ն£â¶
һ
ֻ齣˴ĸֲϣ䣬ʱһ㶣ŭɶʦ𣿡
Ȼȴûκλ˫Ŀȫɱ⣬齣һӣն£վͬȾһĻһߴ׳̤糱ˮһӿߡ
СйŹ֡߻ֲ棬ɫƺɨɱһ̳ڳХһʱֻһӰɳܣеصܣʮ𣬲һ߽״ܡ
λϷնɱӡȵ
ɱ
һʦҲҴأҿǻòˡ
Сӡ
ʮ塢صΧϳԣ׷ŭȣ˿ζɱ⡣
ԣǳԣ
ȻһָԾɱ֮˳ԣ
ʲô
˻һߵ˾һ㶣ϲЦ̫ˣû뵽СӾȻԶˣ̤Ьٴȫѹֱ͸ǵĴͰ


976 ɱǿ
һ֣
ԣҪˣӽƻúܡ
˫Ŵϣܣ
һ˲䣬ߵ˾ͶĿ̰Ŀųԣͺǿеһ
ʣ
ԻˣĿ罣һÿһɨ齣ԽĽ˵Ƕ
ˣ
ʱһɺƴĽƴϺɨ
֣
üһŸֲ棬趯磬һ৳ȥ򳽻ԡ
ɱ
׻ת
ɽص
ƣ
һ˲ʮͬʱʩչɱУԳչΧɱȻһֵĵͽʦܣƺƴԪһ㻷ƣסԵ·
Ԫ
һ˲䣬Ծʹ߶־Ԫǿռ䵱£ѣռѷӶ֮ڣ·Ҫߵˡ
¡
ǧڵĿռߵ˵Ĺٶ̼
հν
£
ռ佣£
ལ£
һɱУԽ¼ں֮ʩչȥָɫͷ׵ĺɳˣʱһĲҽЩʵнʦܺ͵صܡ
ʦΪĳԣʩչһУʦΪֵܹġ
գ۹򣬾ͱɱʮһˡ
ˣӵпнʦΪаڣʦʦʵĽʦϣֻ߽ʦֵܲܵ
˿µսҲ˴һǣҲ޷˶̵ʱɱʮʵȵͽʦĴڰɣ
Ҫ֣һͿˡŭ
ն
ɱ

궯ѹһһ̹ɢһֻ޹꣬ǧ֮ޣɫĹǣ壬걳£Ͽѹ£ֱҪɱԡ

һɻ񡢳ɽϯ
Ԫ
͵أٴδ߶ռ䣬齣䣬ռһо񽣴̳õĳ뽣Ϊһ壬ݺ·̳

ߵĹ걳ϵļӲֱ޼᲻ݣ񽣶̲
ɫһ䡣
ɱ
һ˲ΧɱǰɱƵ
ռ佣£
ལ£
罣ɨķ³̣˲ɱˡ
ˣ

е齣˱һɨ߿ǳţҸ߿գɢ͵ǳԡ
һն£
䡪
춯صıը߿ǳͬһʱ䣬ըʱҽѪĽߺһ˼صܣ˶ǳɱ쳣ֲ
ص˻
С̫аˣʦսȻϷ൱干ͬ׷ɱˡһ˫תţܵ˼ɫƷóԶơ
ɱ
صһ˫һץ޾ɱ¾ϯķ
ӡѹ
ѩŰ׾ӨһһƬ𣬺ȻǷӡѹ£۵һͽ޾ɱ¾飬Яƴǵصܡ
ۣŸʲôصɫ䣬ߺ
ৣ
صܵԤϣ߾Ȼת֮ززˡ
㡭صɫ䣬δ˵꣬ͷϿȻһƬٲһк̴𣬡ɱ¾
ˣ
һʱһѪζ˳һһƬ޾󣬷·Ѫһ㡣
ռ侫֮
η޾壬űӭȥۣռ䱾Դںϣ硣
ҽ̫ϣ嵹ɶ
飡
˵Դӡɱ䱻ա
һĻ˵ʵڵʯ֮䣬ңһۣɱ֣Сɷ籾Դ֣ͬԦ磬ϯǧľ뱻Ƭ̣͵˳ԵĹΧ

ɫһ䣬СӣҪնɱɣ

СӣˣϷǹ峤ϣλȨأɱң嶼Ź㡣ɫ
Ŷô˵Ҳɱ㣬巴ŹˣһЦ˵ԭǱɱİɣ
⡭ֻһ⣬ֻҪŹϷ򣬹ͻԭ㡣߼˵
ô˵ԭֻһˣЦ
Ҫɱҡߵ
ռ侫֮
ߣ񱩵ɱӳϯ۾
˵ƼҲɱģŮҲɱġ߾
˭ɱģһ£ʵ
˵ˣ˵ˣѾŷҵ˽ˣ㲻Ҫɱҡһֵ̿
ŷҵ˽ˣû˵ѣʵ
ûû˵ѣϢҲ˵ġ߼˵㲻Ҫɱҡ
̰֮ͽԵ
ԣ߲֨
ңֻſľ磬ҷ
ҳҳ߼æͷſľ硣
ˣ
һ̣Ծ¾ӡǡ
۰ݼˡߺеū͵ľ̹İݵ
ܺãڹ壬õĵطԻ֪ͨ㡣˵
ߵ
ৣ
󣬳Գǰںŷڡ
շҲͬ˹һһʱը˵ڹؼʱ벻á
⻹һҪԭ֮ߵļأһȻǶ


977 ħ
ħ
ħڶľݵ㡣
һ·Լ֪塢ص塣
һ仰Ѿһţ½ݸʤΪٵ͵صϣ˴Կƽ˵صļ룬˴һֲ˶á
ʥ
ŷˡһ졢Ӱξֵ볽ԹϵǢϣա
ȻٽʥʱȴѾ˴͵ص壬ʮơ
ŷơ
ৣ
ץһ䵥ĵص壬ֻһʦĿݣսʵ㣬ʲôˣ
һ䣬һ䣬һҾɱ㡣˵
񱩵ɱӿˣæͷ
ʥŷô£ʵ
ϹټͶǣϹʥŷҵļֻĶŷˡ˼æ˵ҲǵĽŲþͻṥơ
ʲôɫһ䣬Ŀɱ
ҿܳȥǸʲôʵ
˵һħȥ˼æ˵ħµһż
Ѿˣü
ʲô˵ˣŹҰɣ˵
䣡
һɨԷ񹥻Ʒһɱˡ
ݣ
󣬳Լæ뿪ʥ
ħѾ͵ص巢֣ȻҪȥ˲ħҲȻвٵĺô
͵صĶȴǺܶ࣬˼żǿ߸ȥ
ԪȻɨӰϵķκȻԪһ޶Ҳռɱ¾֮óԲɣĴսҲԪڰƲɣ
뵽½һУԾüܡ
Բǵõħı
ֻǣǻڶʳԱ
һʱﺣ˼һ
ǰʱԽԽߡ
ʱһ޴ĺӰǰ
һΡ޴ɽǧ֮ޣ֮ߣǧûһһľͨڣкɫƣħһ㡣
ﾹȻǶĽ紦
Գһ
ħ
ܿ죬Ծɽϣоħ
ʱ򣬳Բŷ֣Ĳж͵ص壬Ҳ͵ص壬ǰ˼żǿߣǧиʮȾŽʦĴڣϢóľ
̫ǰ
ʱһһ塢صǱ롣
Ϲۡ
Լˣһ£û뵽ҲС
ڻ߿ռ֮󣬴ҪɱıȻɱ⡣
Բǳ嶯ˣ͵ص̫ˣ˿̳֣һᱻ֣ЩȾŽʦĴڣһз紵ݶͻᱻǷ֣ʶᱻǲ
ĿϹ۽ɽ壬ټ
˰죬֮󣬳Բ͵͵Ǳɽ塣
ֻ͵صػɽܣǵʵֲ˳ԡ

һ޴ڶڳڳǰɴɵħ˳һӿ
ৣ
ϢһûС
ˣ
ǰһڣԷ岻ܿƣ·ųȥһħͬСϪһʡ
ʮʱ󣬳ԲŸоԼ˵ϡ
Ȼһж֮˵һħħ޽ɽصס
ৣ
һһ޴Ӱڳߣ¾Ѫ
Ũħ¾Ѫ
ħħ޽ĺפء˵
ʲô¾ѪԳһžǿϲ˵ħأˣħأ
ʲôħأʵ
Ҳû뵽ﾹȻħأħǴ㳤ռ½򲻻޽ħء¾Ѫ˵ˣ򵥵˵ħؿԾħǵǱֻħԱһֻһλħأǾǸճʱ򡣡
ôʲô˵Ѿħصʱ˰ɣ
ˣ¾ѪΪˡ¾Ѫ˵
ΪңԾЦ
˲Ҫħħ͸ħûԵ¾Ѫ˵ԭ»ԺħĳɹʲߣħؾͲһˣסħصħܣħûκʧܵĿܡ
飿
ħػһãΪһһħ˵츳¾Ѫ˵˵³ʱħдҹûĻҲֻħ۾磬㳬Ҳ̫ࡣ
֮һ仰ħشԽãǱҲԽǿ¾Ѫ˵
ܸоħصĵص㣿ʵ
Ȼ¾Ѫ˵
ǰ·˵
ǡ¾ѪӦ
¾ѪǰںһǰһǰС
ħӴޱȣݻԻͣİͨ¾Ѫħˣħĸд¶Ѿ·Ҳ̸Ѱħˡ
ڣһкܶ˳
һ˶ûЩԵԤϡ
һС͹ͨڣģޡ
ˣ¾Ѫ
ߡԵ
ħħԪƵ罭纣
֨һ
ر֮õĴűƿˡ

ʱһһħӭЩûеֵס¾Ѫȴһܵģڴڵħϲ˵̫ˣҸоԼҪͻư˽װħˡ
ȥ˵˵
ǡ¾Ѫں󣬹رմš
һʯǰ
ʱϻúͷڳߣ˵ϻãҪħ㲼󷨡
ƾڵʵõֵͨżʦǿ㹻߳˾ͲУҿҾͲһɣвϡϻó˵
ãһš˵


978 ħ
ӣʲôطһĵطСѾͷܺ档
ҪߡԶСѾͷ
֪գգԲĴ۾
¾Ѫߡ˵ţϻ˵ú󷨣ͽ
áϻõͷ
ϻúͷ£Էģ¾Ѫǰ·ǣСѾͷں档
ʯ˰ɣһʯųǰ
ˣ˺󡣡¾Ѫ˵ħʯţֻħԪƿ
СġԶ

һɺƴħԪ¾Ѫɢʵʣһ˳ȥ
ʯҡΣ¡һ
ʱһɱŨʮٱħӿһʮɷԲĺˮҲ˳ĿС
ħأȻħء¾Ѫϲˣħء
СѾͷһԣҪߡСѾͷСԴǵСѾͷһĵۣһӡ
ԼˣݸһЦ
ৣ
һΣһƿӳڳУװǸ߽װħ۵ֻ꣬Ѿɾȥʶһʶ꣬󳽻ָ䴢˸һһħǰ
³ȥΪ˻¾Ѫ˵
ħҲкôһܷͻư˽װħۡ˵
ǡ¾Ѫϲݵ

Գħأһħƽħϡ
ħ
һ˲䣬ֹˮǢʼתꡣ
ʶҲƯڳǰ
ʹ
ҵʹڳԵľ磬ͬ˺֮УӲķֿ³дǻ۵ˣ˺֮ʹҲЩܡ
ڡڵĳޣԼĿ꣬˺֮ʹ·𽥽ˡ
һгš
¾ѪһԹۿ˵ѣʹ֣֪ܷ˵꣬ҡͷ˵ǽޣӵдǻۡᶨˣһͦȥһħ
һƬᶨҲܹ˵ϣһҪͻư˽װħۡ
һͼ¾Ѫ˫Ŀʼ
һԵСѾͷԵЩģҲֵأʵʵһԡ
֪ȥá
Ȼֻһ֮籡ӳӡӿ
ڳԵꡣ

·һڤڤ֮вһ㣬ԵʶںһƮħ֮С
鷢ˡ
ħ·˹һ㣬糽һħ֮С
࣡࣡࣡
ʱͼħˮһðݣֻһڵħħ
һжԵúܹ졣
Աߣûѵļ󣬶ħӿħ·һԶݽߡ
һȥ
ȥ
ȥ
ʱϻúͷѾʯ⣬СѾͷıǰʳָСǰ˼ǽǰ
ˣϻúͷһЦСѾͷĿⶼ簮
¾ѪħԱߣħɣֻһС֣ħ֮һ¾ѪһˮףħһˮأɱȽϡ
ȴǺԵĸо¾ѪϢǿ
ͻơ
ȥ
Ѿħڴ˰죬¾ѪҲûѵļ
أ
ڴʱȻһ졣
ãˡ񾪵
ߣȥϻ˵ϣûжżǿǰĻֲ˶á
Ҳȥ˵
Сһ㡣ϻСѾͷԴ˵
СѾͷɵĵͷ
һ˾档
ֻʯѾ򿪣ܽ˻ںҹ
żǿߡ˵
ȶŽʦͨŽʦϻɫһ˵Ȼ޷ƿ󷨣˿ըĻ¼ֱ죬һƿ޷赲
ϣ¾Ѫͻư˽װħۣǿֵһˡ촽˵
Ըˡϻúͷһۣɫܳء
ǻ󣿡ʱ򣬻֮УһĿĴŭɶѵǵħߺµ𣿡
ĻһкҪĶһӳʵʵȶŽʦ֮һ
ٺ٣ǿй׳ֲڵͷ촽˵
áӵͷ
ϻүүɲٲһ󣿡һţ̧ͷѰϻá
Ĳûˡϻ̾
ԣ̾һ
Ƚȥɡ˵
šϻõͷ
ħڣħѾħ֮Уټ
Աߣħϣûѵӣ¾ѪϢȴԽԽ񱩣ܶħѣһת
ϻúͷһۣû˵
СѾͷüһصģ
졣
䣡䣡䣡
ԽԽ󣬲ʱ֮ϻһۣ֪֧Ų˶ˡ
֮ڣܴϲ׳˵̫ˣ칥ò˶ãҪˡ
ǹһ˿Ц
չȥ
ˣ
ͻȻһǿϢ¾Ѫɢ
ͻˣ¾Ѫ˫ۣ˫ȭϲ˵
̫ˣ¾Ѫͻˡ˵
أ¾Ѫħеĳԣ˻û
ûУѾʮˡҡͷ
˵٣ʮˣ¾ѪһѰʣȻԹԵ˵ôܣ˲Ǵħ壬յ˵ܼôʱŶԡ
Ҳ֪ҡͷ
أ
ʱһ¾Ѫ˼ʵʲô
õĻҪˣ໹ְܼʱϻ˵
˻δǱֹǣһжϣ˾ͻΣա¾Ѫ˵
¾Ѫͻư˽װħۣʵΣϻÿ¾Ѫʵ
ƾħɡħҿһսŽʦ¾Ѫһ̽ħɡУ˵


979 ڶ
ԤĲࡣϻõͷ˵˲ǬֹǣֻֻаСʱĥʱ䡣
ˣɡ˵
á¾Ѫ
šСѾͷҲͷ
ʱ
˿ħеĳһۣ˳ȥ
꣡
ͬһԲ֣ʼѣԳѺۡ
칥Ҹоһޱǿħ׳
Ҳоˡӵ
ͬʱϻϰǬԭ󷨣˳ԣֻˣƿصѶȶʱ࣬Լյһ֣ϻ˵࣬ϾԴʮϤ¾ѪȴҪһЩʱ䡣
ֻ֪ǶԳƿصһֲϤѡ
һΪġ
һݣ˷ֻգͼѳ̶ȡ
䡪
һ춯صĴ죬
ˡ׳ϲ
ȥӵ
󣡡
ڴʱϻõĴΣͷƿ󷨣˲Ǭ
Сġ
ȷӦһ⣬˶С
ǡ׳ϻһۣʱϵϲ֮飬˵ħ壬顢飬찡һСѾͷĿ䵽ϣĿһɣԣǾޣ
찡
ҲһΪΪϻ˾
ȫ¡
ҪСѾͷ׳е顢ħ˿Ű졣
Ҫ顣
Ҫ飡
δ䣬˾¾ѪѾȫˣһħ˵ʵûʲôô
ô˵Ǳİħҵˣ飬ɭǶɱˣǻϷ֣ɣ
ƿ˵׳æ˵
áżǿһۣͷȴڴ˼ϵƣʵϴӳϿͿԿĲ࣬ȻֵܣĻǱ׳һߵʵһ
ΪֵϣгƽŽʦʵ
ڰ֣
ɱ¾
ضɽҡ
ȭ
ӵת
һ˲䣬˼Ⱥ֣󷨡
¡
ǬҡΣϻô𣺡ֱӿɱ󡣡
ɱ
¾ѪǴһ׷ȣɱδ䣬ʱ˷ϯɱȥ˵Ĺھȥ
ɱϹǬʦɱ󷨣֣վҪһתٵ
ʲô
һ⣬ֵܺ׳˶һǶоҲ˳һ룬ɾ裬ʩչѧ棬ȴǿ
ɱ
׳̷ɱУӿƥС
ˣЦҲûͣչɱУֻǿƲȴǲһЩ
ϻ˼ˣһϲһ໥ɣ˵һϢ
Уڻδ֮ʵǿұס¾Ѫ
ӣСѾͷһĲ󷨣ȴǺܽϾֻһСŮԣһڳߣѾеľ֧
ħڡ
࣡
ʮħڹûѵļ󣬲ȴǿԿħڵϡ࣬ħҲԽǿ֮ǰǰ˥ߣһֱը

ʱһƬħ硣
䣡
ħؿռһ𣬿ռҡ
ৣৣ
ԺȻ˫ۣĿͬһ㣬ķռ˺ѣħɢվһɻԪɢ
Ľʦ
һ̣ͻףﵽĽʦزû뵽
ˣǿ뽣־һ㣬ﵽĽס
ȻħҲվޱ飬һ
䣡䣡䣡
ڴʱһһǿħԪħϣ粻ͻƣ糤һҡֱϣһͨͨħˣħħħʡħۣͻƵħ֮
һװħۣ
װħۣ
Ľװħۣ
һᣬħľʹﵽĽװħۡ
ֻǣڳΪͻƵʱ򣬷籾ԴԴԴԴռ䱾ԴԴħܣһΣ塣
ء
ħط·ըѣ޾ħԪħɡ
װħۣ
װħۣ
߽װħۣ
ڣħֹͣͻơ
ˣҲóԴһǰħһŻعǾԼĵڶ
ľ羹ȻȱߣóЩܲˡ
ڱԷӵоԵƿԲŷ
Ӧôƺ㣿ǳԿڣħ˫ۣųʵ·ûи飬Ǵ飬ǻ˿ĸ飬׿߱Ե֮⣬ͷ·һʬ⡣
ҵķǱͳƺұɡԳ
õı𡣡ڶħ
šԵͷоЩŹ֣ȴ˵˶٣˵Ҳɻ𣿡
ԡħ
˵꣬һΣͱ볽Աһģһ꣬Σʣһ޶
ʱһ㶣ȴħ˵ǱҾȼͱģԺҲӡ
á㶣ͷ
Ҳ˲һĵطǾϢŷĽϢħȴħϢ׷ֱħȱһ֮С
ϻΣˡħȻ˵
ߡԳһ뵽ħԼߣҲȻˣæӳħأħ
Ҫһħ
Ұѱðɡ˼У˵
Ҫһħ
ӡü
ǣҪħħܹоħı


980 Ԫľִ
⻰һ£ͷõġһΣһʯƿأħһۣ׸
ллħ
ұһ壬˵ллҵľġ˵
õġħ
ϻãסЩڣҲûǸϻô
ܿ죬ϻǽ󷨾Ҫˡ
棬˷񹥻Ǭ𶯣ϻ˻ڼ֣Ǭɱʩչˣû˵ˡ
ֳѾˡϻô
̫ˡ˶ϲ
ৣৣ
˸һ˵꣬ͼӰ漤һ޴Ӱߵǰ·ľˣʯ𶯣߳Ȼħˣޱ飬ֱ̧־ʹħ
󷨡ϻ̴
أ
䣡
ڳ˳ȥ󷨵һ˲䣬ħ¡
߽װħҲҶ֣ҡֵ֮һ˿ħ˫ĿŭɣɱҰȻǸֻδڣͱħѹ£һѪ
ܡʣֵһ㶣ʱɱܱ𣡡
䣡䣡
ȻǸ˵ʱħѾǰЯħȻ¡
ۣۣ
ֵܵʱ䶼ûУһࡣ
䣡¾Ѫһ£̴𣬳ħɡӭ׳
ô׳ŭ
ɶˡҲһ£оɲֻ߽װħۣʵȴȶŽʦʵ̫ˡ
ৣ
׳ҲǴˣ˳ʯš
ߡ¾ѪҪ׷ȴǴ˳Ե
ǣˡ¾Ѫħһ£ȴ˳źˣ⡭⡭
֪Լ¾ѪЩӦģʮİ˵ҲЩϰߡ
š¾Ѫʵĵͷ
ԣ㱾ҲͻĽʦˣϻþϲ
š˵ͨ꣬ҵĽ־Ҳǿ˲٣ͻ׻һξ룬ҵȴͻĽףħصĹ͡
ܺãʵԽǿҲԽġϻõ
˶٣ϻü˵ƽʱǺΪһĺãֻҪ˲Ͼӵз̫֮ˣ񣬿ôõ
ӣһģһŴ۾˵
һ㲻ͬǽħϢ˵
ţûбҪڡԵͷ˵οҲħΪһ壬ʵ᲻ǿһЩ
ǿǿ϶ģ϶󣬶ħʵǿϻ˵
塣Զħ
ǣ𡣡ħ
ৣ
ϻǾĿУԺħΪһ壬ʶȻɳԱ齣Ԫתʱһɺƴɢҡҡ˵ħֻ߽װħΪսȶŽʦҺ壬Ҳֻ޽ӽ޾Žʦĳ̶ȣδﵽһΡ
һϻõͷ˵Ѿˡ
šԵͷԼ̫̰ˡ
ǻǽռɡϻ˵
¾Ѫ档˵
ǣˡ¾Ѫ
ӣоٱǿȥȡɡųԵ֣Цĵ
ߡ˵ӵħΪ¾Ѫ൱˵ԼҲܹоĸħǿһЩο̽רҴڣ˾ͬͥŲ
ȻӴħз˲ٺö
һЩħ伮һֵҩ
볽еħ屦Щ̫ͬˣԭջأ
ȻһγħͻĽʦջ
ֻħ̫ˣǧ͵صǿ߽룬ΪֹȻδһˡ
ͺ˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵һһСǿߺȻ˳ǰ
ʲôˣ
ڳԲδϢЩҲ
ˡĿһɨ˵
ͬʱҲ۲쳽ˣ¾Ѫʱʱ볤һ𾪣ħ壿
ǳԣʱһǿָԣɵ
ʲôͳԡһѪСɱ峤˷أû뵽Լˣһ֣ɱ
һʦһоɱһݹ˵ǰħͽˡ
ģ֪ˡ󷽣һЦ
ȴǺٺһЦ֣
ৣ
ڰһӰһо򳽻ԣݺݵ˵סɱ˽С
δ˵꣬ԾѾ̤һƽûбҪ֪֣Ϊһˡ
ৣ
գ齣һն貵Ľʱ˿ӵ˫ֺֹۣ³Ѫó˾һ㶣ʱܻʵˣ
һ
ǡ¾Ѫһħǰħɡħϯɱ¡
ֻǿнʦѣ¾ѪĶ֣֮䣬ͱɱ˻ᶼûС
žžž
ʱһ
ʲôˣĿһɨֻһε°͵곤ӣǴ˳ϵĴŴȻԪģֻȻݵλһͬһŵӺŵװ粻һ
ԪʲôݣһۣŽʦ֪ʵΣĴƽʵ


981 ɱ
ǳ԰ɣɼӷ·δԵʻԹԵ˵û뵽⵽׷ɱˣȻӵĹԶİ
ޱ飬δ˵
һϢɣšɽڵһϵеѾص뱾ˣֻвϼһŵĲ֮ˡɼĵĿųԣЦ˵ôǲǺܸˣ
𣿡ɼ¶ŭ֮ɫ˵ҾٸһϢڽգصԼͶϹ֮ҴԼ֪С˻ɣ
һֱõص壬ĺҲˣ֪һоΪʲôҲ·δɼӵ˵ƽ˵
һƻҿ½»ָǰҫֻҪһۡɼ˵ԣǴˣӦ֪κλرҪ۵ģջ½ʱ򡣡
⣬ҿԸҵݣԪִ£Խľִ¡ɼ˵ԣ̫ӵºܿ㣬Ȼ̫ӵ²ȻԸһγĻᡣ
Ҫ֪½һͳǴԪ飬Υ档ľִµһˣԱִϣܹ̫ӵ¡
ҲһȷʵԲԪԿ˵
Ԫľִһ£Цԣ㻹֪Ԫʵɣɣʦǧ֮࣬ҪǣĵһλϵĴڣǾŽʦǿǰҲֻݽ棬һ
ǿߣԾ
ľִҡͷ
ԣһɣľִһɫ䣺ϵĵѾԽǿߣţѾͻʦ
ܣԲܡɫ䣬˵½Ѿߴﵽʦ
ŲţʵˡľִºЦ˵ڣԸ
Ҳ㣬һֽԪٵΪںڸ𡣡һᶨ
Ȼˣִ¾ֻԽ£ȥ̫ӵˣһʲʹ͡ľִЦ
ôЦ
ôĪΪƾ߽װħ۵ū;ܹѱִµ𣿡ľִУ¾Ѫֻһ߽װħۣɱнʦĴڣʵ΢Уֱ練ơ
¾Ѫ֡Ե
ǡ¾ѪӦһ̤߳ħɡһɺƴϢʱľִɫ䣬ôܣ
ɶ񡣡ݺݵĶ˳һۣһץһֻʽϵĳͲУݵһ£һɫʣҪ֪ͨ͵صǿǰһУľִЦԣӲˡ
ħй
¾ѪȴǺȻǰħɡһɨƬħӿ
ءһ
ͼľִµɳȥ䵽ϣһѪ
ִҲˡЦ
ľִŭ޲һڳ˳ԡ
ɱһĻԾ˺Ѱʹľִ£ɱӿ
ৣ
¾Ѫľִ½ǰħɡһɨͣͼԴɳͷʬڵ鴤Ѫ
ľִ¡
ڴʱʹǿ߸
ҳҪɱ䡣
ɱ

һ֣
塢صԼԪ˷׷˷ɱ򳽻ԡ
ʮżܣʩչɱУƴֹ򳽻Ե壬ռ䲨ѷ죬ħ·Ҫ
ն
罣ɨķ纣³̣ɱķѪӿ֣Ѫá
СйŹ֡
һżɫһ䣬ߺһʵֻĽʦΪпż۷ǿߵʵɲš
Ҳһ㣬Ǿ裬һ˵һ֮ǰ⳽Բǰ˽ʦѣô˿£һż۷ǿ˵һĽʦ£ʮֹ죬û˷ԣͬ
ԭֻһ㣬ԵΪ磬ʵ̫ˡ
ҲҪ׾һõɱϷ̫ӵΪλ빦һѪµ߻˵Ԫһִ£Ѫִ¡
Ѫִ¼Ȼ˵ˣҾͲҪ֡һӦ
Ԫն
ɱ
ȼգ
һ̣˾ʩչɱУҪɱԣһ˸Ƕ˾񹥻
λñ䣡
ͬʱԾͶþʮżϽռ䣬񹥻־־壬սġ
λñѾгɣĽ׽־ΪУʩչʤǰʮֹ޵оŽʦδܶУ֮䣬дܿѪɳȥ
ħںϣӵ߽װħ۵ΪϵЩˣ־ʷ棬ȴǿԿġ
ɱ
Ƕ壬ԪԶбɱ֮ġ
λñһСɿռ䱾Դӳ֣籾Դӳϣٶ磬磬׽
û˿Եֵ֮С
֮
ûʲôĸӿµˣκ˶ݡλԽߵˣԽ
Ǳ֮УܵĥϮǵľ󣬾ͺ񿴼ԼɱһǶӱܣѲˣ
һǾֻ֮ɱÿһżܡ
ʱһƬ
հν
ֻ籾Դӳ֣Գٶ̫ˣֻ飬·ڽӰХǵɱһѪƮɣҲ̶á
Ƕ


982 ս޵оŽʦ
ɱߣ˺ɱ֮
οɱԣû˿飬ȫɱ
ʲô
ʱһˣϹۺȻУųԣһ£ٿһصʬ壬ʱʧǳԣ찡
ݣ
ۿϹۣһϿն¡
ʮ
ϹɫһʩչϹټϵʮһϹҲʩչϹ۱ȴǲʮǧһϣһ£˹ӿ¡
ʮĵգںڱϣһն£
ֻǣȻǾŽʦֻǶսԳ⿰ȼ޵սֵܹ
һ𣬾ͬ죬߶ϵ
ۣ
ѪĽֻ齣˫Ŀһɣϰͻ䵽˵ϣһƬѪ
һҰļҾʹ
ľǰһ߼
ৣৣৣ
޽һȺ֮кɨᴩأһѪʻһš
һ¾ѪͷƤ飬ħ壬˿ȴǾóԱԼħ壬ɱֱǺ飬ɱݡ
̤̤̤
ȻŲ
ৣ
ԡ¾Ѫվԭأ·ŲĪɣһĹ˵ң⻹һǿǵϣƣһΣڳͷ١
޵оŽʦ
ǿ߲ܹвĳԡ
ߡһҧԴݻϵ罣һɨȥ
¾ѪȴǱƳȻսͨŽʦΪֻ߽װħۣѪ֮򣬵޷ֵ޵оŽʦѹƣӴá
ƣ
ؼʱ̣Գ֣ռ䱾Դն߽
ˡ¾Ѫм
ߡԺȵ
ֻǣ˵꣬ǽŲԽԽǿңһڶ𣬶̶һ˲ͬӴһ㣬ֱֻ͸Ӱ־̺˱¾ѪͳԸǿĹ
Ǹ߲ѹƣ㳽ӵԴҲá
ۣɫһȴ¾ѪһѪή˲٣ɫƷɣӡ¾Ѫȥ
ǡ
ৡһ£ͼ¾Ѫռ䡣
ռ佣£
Сɿռ䱾Դתռ䣬ɲϵѹơ
౾Դ
һ̣гɲ౾Դһϲ£κûѹƵĿܣǻû
أ
౾ԴһϵĹѹ̱
ףʲô
ȻһֻһɫӰڳǰϣľǿңϢͷ·һ壬ԶûпݽߵĿܣųԣĿ䣬â˸˵СӣϷ򣬸ղ㶯õʲô
ȻЩ˿еľ
ľ˵ţ֮ǰʩչǿռ䱾ԴֻСɣ˵Ӧ޷ϷĴľ֮Ŷԡ
ȴû˵
˵ǰɣܺãϷͽץĻ꣬ʲô֪ˡľЦ
ৣ
û˿ԥԼȥ
籾ԴľϵЦݸӲˣ˵ıԴ٣ֻĽʦΪսȴǿȶŽʦѵΪʲôܲɣ
˵֮䣬ľѾˣֻǿռ֮ûӰΪٶ̫죬ӵСɷ籾ԴĳԵٶȻҪϼ֣ǳһȥѾץˡ
Ȥ
ľųԵӰЦеζͺһֻ׽èһ

ɫǰδеأû뵽ӵǿǿУ޵оŽʦӦԵġ
Ԫ
һĳ۽ռں󷽣ֹľֻǶ̶̵һϢʱ䣬Ȼ͹˶ֵʵ˫һӣһϯǽռֽͬһ㣬ݺ˺ѿ
ľ
ȻľһЦһӣصһ䵽£ʱ汻һ⸲ǣ֮ӶѸٳڳ¡¡һϵɫľ𣬷·Ҫա
ħ
䣡䣡䣡
һһɫڳǰ
𽣹⣡
齣һ˦򽣹̫һȥһƬֹֻ֮ɫ裬ա
ľϢ
ʱľĳһƣϯأڿռ䣬һŨӿ֣糯ƺ¡һǰĳԾͱû·磬ֻгŨŨɱĥ
أ
Ծͬ߷һ㵹ɳȥѪ
ৣ
ľƳųԲһץͼ޾⻯һֻʹ֣ץ򳽻ԡ
ԣô󡣡ϻøо˳ԵΣæ˵
áӦ
䣡
̧һƴӡɫ飬ϻ˵Ӱ֡
󣡡
ϻôһ˾ͷ·ϬӡһǬͳ֣һײľ
ôǬ󣿡ľ
֮ɱ
֮¾
ɱ¾
Ժ¾Ѫʵ˲ô߶ɱľ
ϧľȴЦ˵ϧ˵ʵ̫ˣ޷ĲȴǸϷ˻ᣬϷ˵СӵĵֻǳһͲǬС
˻һ˾ɫһ䣬Ϊľһ۾Ϳǵ㣬Ǿ˵Ϊ̫ˣֻ弶ȸ߽ʦԺ¾Ѫ˶ſȸ߽ʦΪǴȱݡ
ʱһͻ˥ߣ޷󷨵һˡ


983 ׷ɱ
Ǭɱ
һ㣬ֱӴ߶һɱߵǬռɱռ˺ѣӿԪĵ·ɱֱѹľ
һôľЦ
Ȼһȣ˫ֻƣ羪İ˫˫£ʱȻϢͣ
ľ
һֳϯ·һ㣬ĥ
䣡
ǿײһһ죬˾ǵɶһ˲䣬ľ˫ĳ˶һƣѪ
ӡ
Ƿӡ飬һ壬ռ䣬Уϻ߹ճһ⣬սУţľ
ҲϷǰֱ֣ǲ֪ļ̌һƣӭӡ
飡
һ죬ӡֱӱķ˳ʹһԾУԦ籾Դȥ
СӣϷƤӵ£㻹ӣľЦ
ؽ
ռ䣡
ɱ
кɱֹľԿߡ
أ
ȻֻһУľȥ
ħһ·Ҫһ㡣
ৣ
Զ֪Լ뵽
һƬããĿռǰԿһУľ׷ͣ¾
ৣ
Խ룬ʱһ٣һǿϣĦǦ߳һѡ
Ծ
ľں󷽣ͣ½Ų
䣡
ʱľˣһѵǰʱϲЦСڿܣ˵꣬ʹץ򳽻ԡ
Ȼ鷢ˡ
ľһ˲䣬һֱ۾Ȼڣ·Ҫһ㣬ʱһʹĴ亹䣬ʲôط˫ƶȻӤߣһѣȳԶ
Լһ㶣ľЦ˵ƥ㲻ҪɱСү
˲䣬Ծˣ⴦ռһͿռ䣬ѹ£ܼѹֻǿжؼ򲻹ʲôΪʲǿ󣬸޷ѹ
ľȻ޵оŽʦȴֻףˣѾﵽǿ߲ˡ
ʦʦʦ󾳽磬־һߵδǱľֻʣȻ޷ﵽߵľ硣
۳ԣƾħӵ߽װħ۵ΪĽʣһؼ㣬ͱľǿ
ԣֿռ䣬жľǿһЩ
Сӣ㲻ҪšľŭҲ⴦ռĹŹ֣һĳһ޴ɫӡƶ򳽻ͷֻٶȴǴ󽵣ӡĳѹ򳽻ԡ
ˣɫһ䣬Ųһơ
أ
ľˣһĳơ
ռ䣡
ˣռǰȥ
ǣ
ӡ£ѹȿռ䣬ͷƤռԳƣ볽Ҳֻɾ룬ɣȴһ㣬ٳûڳϣȴһڳͷբʱҪ
Բͣǰȥ
ʱľ߳һףơ

ľбˣ޵оŽʦܣɱһĽʦֱǷ֮£û뵽ȹֱп˵
ܴУǰУȻҲҿͻʣ
һޣһǰηѣֱԡ
ܿ죬¶˾ġ
Ԫϼ٣أϵѹҲ֮ǿ˫Ų·ʱеµĿܡ
ɶϷôû뵽أľ۾һʣѾʱ䣬½ҲҲͻʵķռ䲻ÿ
ͬһ̽ߣȻһ޴ıء
ҲãϷڴͻĽʣȻɱСӡľݺݵ
ȻҪǣǰҲܲ
࣡࣡࣡
̴߹ԪƬ죬֮
䣡
纣Хɽһ㣬һǿľϳЦĽʣϷͻĽˡ˵ţǰĳԣ˵СϷɣ
̤
һٶȹȻ֮һֹ
䣡
ȻʱһǿҲӳϳ
ʣ
ԵٶҲǴЦͷ˵ƥСүͻˣͻ׷ң˵꣬һٶҲľٶȼӿ죬֮ľҲ
ʲôľ͵һ㶣Լ۾㳽ԵͻףٶҲӦòôŶԣ֮ǰĲûô
ľŭһ߹Ԫ͹Ҫӿٶȣȴδ˿ӣƷǳ
һԺǺһЦǰȥ
뿴һʲô
һյʱ䣬Ծľľ룬ʧǰʶ޷õĿռ䣬ץϹľŭѡ
ŨϢ
ʱ򣬳ԽһĴŸǰһ̲ĵطɫð
һɾ룬һʱ䡣
ৣ
ڣһᣬ߳˴ûѹָ֣糣
ʲôǰȥһԲĳӳǰдɫҺ壬뵣óԾɣҺ
ৣ
ϻ˻ϻá¾Ѫ˿Һʱ𾪣ŵҺҺ
찡ﾹȻд˵Ⱥö񾪵ǻָʵвɹĺô


984 ľ
ϻõͷ򳽻˵ҺҺĺôҲĺô
ϻүүҲ𣿡ϲĿųʵ
šϻõͷ˵Һ٣˶ʹãҺֻһΣͿԻָĵȫԪϹ֮ʱҲѵõĺöƿװһЩòꡣ
á
ԴϲóʮƿʢװҺ
һƿװʮʮһٽʮƿװԺȴӷ·ûмٶ١
ӿ²ϻȵ
ǴҾڴɡ˵Ҫǣǿʵ
šϻõ˶ͷ
ͨ
˶Һء
ϻ˶С
Ա˫ĿζħҲߣ뱾һҺ˰ŲãǶϻúͷ˵ΪǱӵǿ߾Žʦ
СѾͷЦüë۵С˵ģͺһĴޡ
䣡䣡䣡
ϻúͷͻƣûκε谭һж˳¡
ת֮䣬ȻͻƵнʦ
۷ʱ̵˵ɲ硣
Ǿޣ½еһֻ츳ףֻҪ㹻ͿͻƣСһͻƵһƷ
ħԼ¾ѪȴûͻƵļ
Ⲣ֣¾ѪͻƣҪŽװħۣҪӴǳԱ𣬻ħͻҲҪٵ
һʱȥϻúͷָ˸߽ʦزͬϻôﵽ˰˽ʦָ߽ʦǷӡ飬ƷӡҲвϻá
Ҫǣ˵ʵΪ
ϻã飬սͻֻҪ㹻ĲϣͿԲ󷨣ǷҲĶ֣Ʒӡͬӵ޼᲻ݵķǾŽʦһս
ˣƷ˫ۣСѾͷԼ壬˵ҳˣЦЦ̣ģʮŮһ޶
СѾͷܸˣԺ¾Ѫδ߳أϻúͷǰеϻүүүү
ţˡϻúͷ񶼺ЦͷСѾͷǿųģͬԴԼĺһ
һЦŰ棬ıͬһֵľ顣
֪ʲô򳽻ԣʵ
¾ѪͻƲãҪڶʱͻƣܣҺͲһˣҲҪٵʱ䡣ϻ˵
šͷ
ʱĿ壬еҺ֮һ
Աħ¾ѪͬҺûκεֹͣһǿʣ£糯ϼ£ۼ
ֹ֪ȥ졣
ľδ롣
ڣһƽ
ϻá˶СΪԡ¾Ѫ
ֹȥ졣

ʱһɰϯ¾ѪѣȻͻƣŽװħۡ
һħ˫ۣħϯﵽ˽װħۡ
Աûļ
Ѿ֮
ˣô¾Ѫųԣʵ
ܺãͻ֮Сħ
⻰ϻ˶ǳһû뵽ͻһ˼ѡ
ʴﵽףҪֲ١ħ
ϣԿЩͻƣȻûиҲϻõ
ûйϵҿһս뿴޵оŽʦ֮Ĳࡣħͻư˽װħۣսѾ޽ӽ޵вΣҪһս
ͻƾŽףʵ˲٣ƾħɡҲһս޵оŽʦ¾Ѫ˵
šħޱĵͷ
ǺǣҲ̫ģʵкܴǬҲֵסЦ
ϻʱҲһЦڴкܴġ
С
ݹ㲨ơ
ֻԱƣһ顣
ȻûǿϢɢȴһɻȻɵĽţ籾Դ汾ԴԴԴռ䱾Դ౾ԴԴһ壬λƳԣϱԴԡ
Դռ䱾ԴͲ౾Դ˵½һҲΪ
񣬳ԱҺأԴҲҺ׳ӵľ⡣
ҺգÿһѪ⡢֫ٺʣ丶ϴľ硣
һмǲ˼顣
Һòܱ˿ܣκ˶벻ģΪ½Ѿû䣬һŷ磬͵綼㲻ķ磬ҺȱܴڵĶȴˣò˵һ顣
ǻԵ
һ˵˴ﵽ۷ʱ򣬾ܹ׻ѳ顣
ǳȡǱһĳЧΪݴˣҲõӳ֣ܹΪģһ
ڷգͬһӤɳ

ڴʱһ
ڳԣ
ϻ˶һ
ϷˡȻľҵ˫ĿɱŷѰ˳̫ãҵˡ
һۣľüͷһ壬ħٿеĳԣʱ㵣ţֵͬ𣿡
ϻүүǲְɣʵ
뵽ﵽҪʱ䡣ϻЦ
ɶ񣡡ľʮߣɵľ룬޵оŽʦʵһ˲͵˿ȴΪǴ粽С


985 սľ
ৣ
Ȼħ罣ʵ
Сӣ˵ʲôľԼĶЦϷԴǱ¿ˣϷʵ

ȻһХֻһƬڹħУȻħ
Ϣôˣľ޵оŽʦħһ֣͸о˲һǰ볽Ա֣ǴĽϢȻ˿ȴ飬ͬһɱ˿ħһ㡣
ľӡ
Ҳֻһ㶶ѣȻ֡
һ޴ɫӡƿն֮ƴħ
ֻǣͿռ£˵Ĺޱȣɾ룬ֹʽԼ仺ٶӭԷ
ռ̫Źˡü
ԣٶȺˡϻøһͷü˵ǵĹٶȱȴǰˣ԰˵ţĿ⿴أɵѵΪý飿
˵öԣҺڼ٣ͽѹһҺڳոɾͻʧȻ˵
СġԼæħ˵
Ѿ֪ˡħȻħԪȴ뱾һ޶Ȼֱܹ
ľƴһǣԷɫӡħ˴ײԷֻм仹ɾ롣
һյʱ䣬ֻǰʮɡ
ˣ
ͬʱеĳԱϢʼһɹɾ£ͬɽеϼ⣬ҫɹԣл̺һɷϢ·ԸһС
ǽϢ
ʱϵĽϢȻѾǿ۷塣
䣡
ʱһɿ͵Գϴٴﵽס
־ֻĽס
ܹͻƣȫҺĹͣϾеҺ̫ˣͬʱͻΪȻϻԼħõ֮֮һҺȴǼǿģһգֱǲ
ֽǳҲûϵ
УҺҲ½Կײ
ͬʱħľ˵ٶȴǿɫӡħϯһʯ쾪ײһ
һ¡
ħɻ
һν֣ħԲһ
Сӣɣľ̳ǧѷĻᱼ򳽻ԣ˫Ҷһĳ˺ɽһ㹥ħ
ʱѹ൱ΣԶ˵ˡ
򣡡
ħѪ飬ǳϣľоһ˿һĸ鲨ͺȫһѪ
ɶ񣬴ʲôͨɣˣľߵȫûȥ룬ϾϹ֮ʱҲܹͨģοڣ
ԣǻɳʲôͨŻˡ
ħ
˱ħУʹ磬ͺԼһһ
һ̣ħҲħϣչֳǾ춯ص˿ڷӡ
ʵҲˣħȫǺͷӡһȼ
ֻǣħˣħ壬ӡ壬ʶԲֻͬͬƥܹӳҲħѡħԭ
ʯȻľһ漴ЦСϷ޵оŽʦ㲻ǰ˽ʦսǿ֮Ϊ࣬޷ıģɣ
µľҲֻɱԣΪоԼܳԵĻʵ̫Сˡ
䣡䣡䣡
ħħľըǻԵĹ
һԵƣǾħѧ̫ͨˣֻһУħɱľ
ʵħҲˣΪħ壬ħԪҪʩչûԣ齣ͱڳԱϣ޷á
Դ֣
ȻԴħȻҲãԱԴӳħϣǿӲƴľϯ£𳹾죬ǧ߳ХҪľ
ֻʱһħƾ˳
Ϸ㿴޵оŽʦܵʵľֻһݵʱҲܹ׽ʩչƹ񱩵ľ󺣣಻
ľ칦
ľԼܹͨľûǳΪľǡ
ǳҲΪС
ľһʩչԽռ䣬ûһƬɫǳӿػش
ȴ̺һɻصԲĥѹħ
ռ䱾Դ
ħӵгԵһУս飬ܣ߶ռ䱾Դռ䣬ľһеֻһ̫ǿᣬħħԪ޷󻯵Ķÿռ䱾Դ
飡
һƬϯ类УˤڵϣʱڴڵѪ

㲡Ҫһ̣ľһ仰ڹͳ
ˡ
ʱ¾ѪħɡͺХƬħ⣬籩һĴľ
˽װħҲϷ֣ҿǻòͷˡľӸλԪ޵оŽʦܣȻὫ¾ѪУͬ¾һ㣬ӳһɫУո

¾Ѫæħɡǰֻɫʮһ¾ͽ˳ȥѪ
˭ȵ㣿ľЦ
죡
ϻôԮħ
ҲҲû뵽ľʵֱ񲻿ɵ

ľۺ⣬һһ纣ˮһӿֱӾͽϻײɳȥˤڵϡ
ߣľһǰһصһͼĽŲħϣħãѹ£Ħ죬ȳѪľħͬһ㣬ٺЦô


986 һĻ
ءһ
ٴһŽħڵϣѪսڵ棬˿˿Ѫ
𣡡ħܵĪ裬˻ź𣬹ϯľȴû˿Ӱ죬ϷǴϷ֮ɫħ
Ϸͽ˫˫һһն£֪̫ӵºϷ³ľ˵
ʣ
˵һ˲һĽХʯƾ졣
ݣ
ֻһڷ˫ıз糤죬ƿһ㣬ƥľѡ
ʲôľɫһ䣬Ʒ죬纣ǵء

ͬʱԱȻվһں嫵̴
ʦ
˲䣬һĽڳľüģҪ롣
ô£ٴθоһǰĽϢľһͷŽµħķ
ȻѾ֪ˣҾͲ뿪Ա˵
˵ʲôҪɱϷ򣿳Сƾ𣿡ľЦȻԾûнԷУϾΪ㳽ͻʦҲˡ
ˣ
磬һ籩Ϣ񹥻
֮
һ˲䣬ľ͸о֮ԣ㻹һʦоճԴľ̫ˣֱļޡ
ӱ
ľӿǰδеɱΪо˳ԵввڣǳԵδ
һǧ꣬ż˫ǲɼ񳽻㣬ȴǼ亱ǵص̫ľҲ
ɱ
һ¶ԣľʩչȫԵĲϣľ֮ӿ򣬻ûľǳӳܡ
ľ
һľһŲħϣɱѹ£ħ죬·Ҫ
ͬʱ֮ӭǿľ񲨶ھϵѹ˲
ʲôɫһԼǵ͹޵оŽʦ
ԣ󣡡ʱϻá¾Ѫ˶
λñ䣡
ʩչľõ硣
񽣣
ΨһĿռԽһʩչĳ뽣һһǰ
һնľԴĽţħĽš
ռ䱾Դӳ֣һٶ̫죬ľɫһ˳ȥ
ˡһ
ԱħһתǬ
ɱ
һľΧ롣
֮ɱ
֮¾
ɱ¾
ɱвȺɱľΪģɱȥϾһԼ·
٣
ľȴûߣĿƣɱŨŨվģǻɱ¾ľȣ罭ӿһŨҵϢɢϯһƬƬɫҶɳ

һŤ
һ̣һĻˡ
ľȻһŲأ񷣬ҶԴΣӨ͸ǳֳޱȵ磬СϪһʣȻ·һһһ㡣
СϹɣʱľǳɱ

˾һ㶣ϻ˵СģصһٻĲ壬Ȼʮֿ£Ǭɱ

ͻȻֻһƬƬɫҶͬһХ˺
Ǭɱ
ˣ˶ҳɣ󷨵һɱС
䣡䣡䣡
ʱߵǬӿɱľɫҶײһһƬը
أ
ţһ죬عһһ㡣
Ȼľ
͹Ǭڳδʱ򣬾ܹսͨŽʦͻĽס¾Ѫͻư˽ףܹս޾Žʦ񳽻ͻס¾ѪͻƾŽףϻ˵Ȼս޵оŽʦ
ۡһ
ֻ̱ľӰ֣ɳȥѪˤڵϣȻ˵ôܣ
ۣ
ѹ£飬ֱӽľɱ

ɢȥ˶ܣħ̷´˵ҩźЩ
ϻҲϢ
ľ޵оŽʦԳԱħҲ޷ȴڣûǬȻ
˵һжϻõĹ͡
ȻǬС˺һɱȫɱ޵оŽʦҲʾ˳ǾųԵ˵ʵ󷨵δ̫
Ѿ޽ӽ
һԿ϶³ԵΪҲˡ
Ⲣ֣ϾûƷܹѾ˳Ե
ĿǰΪֹԸ޵оŽʦǳԵ˵ļޣǿ߾ŽʦǾûκεϣϾһε̫ǿˣ˵½ǿҲΪϾ½Ũȣ޷ͻʦ
УһóԺ֡
ľԣԪĵǿ߾Žʦ֮Խһ磬ʦ
ǣôܣ
ȵĸܣһǧڶ޷ͻʦԪܹͻƣ
һ㣬ó԰˼⡣
룬п϶вΪ֪
֪ʱȥ
ϻõ˽ӡ˳ȥ
ΪٴͻƣСȻľˣۼħ޵оŽʦɲֹһˣħ֮塢ص塢ԪϽ룬ǧ֮࣬һͻΣ֮С


987 ŷ
ȻûлñħΪͻƣջ
ǰȻ
̽
ħֱһأǶħ˵ܹķֱħԪĲѰҵõջовħѧһ㵹ֲħĶ̰塣
ϻúͷвѧͨȴߡ
ԣħѧֻԼȥѰҡ
һ㣬¾ѪҲ԰Ȼ¾ѪħѧҲǲ࣬ħİҲǼޡ
أ
ͻȻǰһը졣
̸оһϤϢ
δٽԾͷ˴ϢˣŷˣĴŷ
˿ֵ̣վһǿΧ˶ˣʱбɱĿܡ
ݣ
ν
ءһ
һԪХ֮ƣķΧɱ˺俪
ʲôˣǿȣ
֣㣿ŷһϲ
ԣŷҲû뵽ͻȻֵ˾ȻǳԣҸղһȻѾԼ̫ࡣ
ʲôǳԣһѪųԣŭɱ壬ҾҪɱ㡣
ɱ

մ˵ؾ֮ء
һΧɱŷŷֵܣΧϳԣɱ¶б¹ԣ˵ħ
ҿǲЦ
֡
ৣ
ȻǸһ˵ʱǰһ׵Ľ⣬ǵ˫ۣ󷢳·˺ƺĺ
ۣ
һ̣һѪһ߾ʬ嵹ڳԽ¡
ŷŷֵ𾪵ĿУĽЩϵĴȡǵ˵߰ɡ
ŷһɵ֣ʲôΪȻ
ŷҲ򳽻ԣһ֮ǰ߿ռڣ볽һսҲֻʤһѣʱգԼѾͻʦǶʦû뵽ԵΪѾԼ
ͻʦԵȻ
һ⻰ֵܾһǿЦѾǱΪŰڶһŷ볽Աʵǲ̫Զˡ
˵һţôԾͱʤʮٱѾܽšˡ

˿ֵ̣Ժжֳ֡
ŷ֣Ǽô˵ϹͶ壬ʥơ
šŷ˵ͷһ߿ƥ֣ĻŷҲˣһ죬ҪȡԴ
ûˡЦ
ΪʲôʻĲŷˣŷһɻĿ򳽻ԡ
ѾɱˡԵ
ʲôŷŷֵԾһ㶣ϲ֣ģ
ৣóϹ۵Ĵ䣬ЦĴ䡣
Ȼŷɫݣһ𾪡
֣лл㡣ŷ˸мݵ
ŷҵĶˡŷ
ǺǣǲظмңϹҪɱңȻŹǡЦ
̫ˣλ֪Ϣһǳˡŷ
ϧ޷ˡŷ˸е
ŷ֪ϹѾˣ֮Ҳᰲοġŷ˵ļ򣬰ο
šŷ˵ͷ
˵ز˾뿪˵˵
Ȼʱפĵطһ졢ӰҲŷ˵
áԵͷ
һ˾߳ħ
Сġ֮ʱԾͿ棬̶Ŷˡ
ŷŷֵȻҲ֪һ㣬ʮСġ
ۣۣۣ
ɳԳ֣ɱɽ塣
·ŷ
ת˲˾ͷɳǧȻûͣµ˼
ʱ˽붫ں
δԭ˴ڣһߴ󺣣ﺣϡ٣˼̣Ϲټ巴ѣ塢ص年ᣬľ塢Ͷŷʣµŷ塢ż嶼⵽ԵĴӳ޼
߶
һʮֻߵĵ졣
䵽ϣŷǲδסڵϡ
һ㣬ʮ⣬Ͼ塢صԪϣͶƾǺѿġ
һһͰɽǰ
˷ͨͨ޳֮
ʱŷܣûиоΣպ󣬷һҹݺУһСɽͻȻ춯зֿһŻǰ
ߡŷ
˽룬ŻرգСɽ͹ƽ˿ͬĵط
ৣ
߽УǰһһԲɵɽȳǰʮֵľ滷ɽڵһУдͨߣѷͰɽڱж죬һԶеЩ⡣
ŷҴǰģû뵽ܹõһ졣ŷ˵ʥԺ󣬼λϾͰǴ
ˣһҪʡʵ
ʲô£ŷ˵
Ե
壬ŷԶʱɣ֮ɫ
Ԫץˡŷ
ʲôһ˲䣬Ͼɢ˿񱩵ɱ
֡ŷ˼æ
ʲôˣ
ɱɢһ˲һȣֻʮӰɳ
λס֡ŷ˼æǰǳԡ
㣿
һȻûмԣȴ˵֣֪Ϲټ׷ɱʧٵ飬ȻҲŷһʮ𾪡
ԣ
ʱмӰ߳Ȼһ졢ӰѪξٿξٹֵܡ
̫ˣû뵽Ҳˣһ˵
̵ģҾ֪ˣ󰡣ξٹЦ


988 
ǿˣѪ
ԣû¾ͺãǶܵ㡣Ӱ
ܹټǣҲܸˡϵɱǿһЦŷ˵鷳ϸ˵顣
áŷ˵ͷ
һ˽뷿ݣ¡
ŷ˾ͽ˳ԣԭԪҪɱ壬ȴǱǿдߣĸɽȴǱпɱ
⻰ɫÿ¡
֣㲻Ҫ嶯Ȼûɱǽߣǲ׶ֵġŷ˵
šԵͷȻ֪һ㣬һɱ⣬ϾеĵһŮˡ
ˣôԣӰһʵ
ǺǣġŷһЦϸ˵һ顣
ʲôһ˻˶һ𾪵Ŀ򳽻ԣһ켸ˣǳ羴
ԵȻһЦҲͣ˵ˣ塢صԪϣ벻ҲѾУ֪кδ㣿
㣿ŷ˵˾ǿЦ
طȻΣ벻ǳ֮ƣǵҵģǴԶסﲻȥ˵
ѵ½ûбصԪ𣿡ѪĮȻʵ
ֻݼطûݡ̾
ǺǡѪЦ˵ǻʲô㣬Ŭޣȡո𡣡
һһԱѩ޵ġ
ԣʲô𣿡Ӱʵ
롣Կһۣ˵ԭ뽫ŷ˵ͽ߿ռ䣬ҲЩס
ˣʱʲôطҲȥѪ
ɲǰʶѪԿ
ǰǰڡѪ̾½ݺǿҲصԪƣοĺ
λҲһ̫̾ǿˣûзĿܡ
䣡
ͻȻһ죬ɽȾ
ãǷˡһ߾
ôᱻǷأһλߣָŭһǽ룬Ǹˣ򲻻ô챻Ƿ
Ҳ֪ŷ˵
Ҫһʲôʱˣǻʱﳳ
ɽȵķ֧Ų˶ãܿͻᱻǹƣǱ뾡뿪һλ˵
ǳȥһü˵
ء
ʱһ죬¡
ɱˡ
һ䣬
ߡ߼æ˵
Сġŷ
䣡䣡䣡
һ߳ݣͽɽѾ俪塢صǿɱһѪȵһҲܷߡ
ɲǣǧɱ룬ҽ
סߡĳϷ׷״𣬵ֵȥϻסŷ뿪֪ҪԼȡʱ䣬סǣһŷҲ֪
ߡ
ϻסŷˣɽȡ
ৣ
ִ齣Ƶɱ¾ķ
ǳԣҪˡϳԣӵɱ
ɱ
ʱдǿΧǰ
һӣĳӡɱʮнǿߣ˵ֶŷѪ˲ĿҲüϳԾȴǿҲ齣ʩչӡɱȥߣ
סǣһ˻𣬵̱ӡ
һ̣ŷҲʶԼ볽֮Ĳ࣬ȫһΣ˿̵ĳԣѾ߱һǿʵ
Ȼ֪һս޵оŽʦʵ²֪γԾˡ

һ·ѪĽһ߾ʬ嵹£Եڳɽȣֻµ峤ȴûһӳ
ɱ¾ڼ
ŷʵ
ӳȥ˵һ߻һ˵ߣ
͸ղһ̶ʱڣԭʹĳϣѾʧֻ»ŷ˵ˡ
ǵʵǾŽʦܡ
ֻϵʵȴǲ˲֪٣Ǿżǿߣʮϯƣ񵨺
壡
ǰ塣
ȻԽԽǿ׷ɱԵ˷ܡ
һ̣Ե۷彣Ҳչֳ齣ɨգΪ߽ʦһ
߻סŷˣǿ飬ռѷһһӰķƬɱ¾
һֹ׷ɱΪ֮һҡ
֮Ѫ죬ˮѪ죬һ߾ʬƯںƽϣŻѪɢ˷
һ̣չֳɱ¾߸ӿ£ںħΪȰ˽ʦսκһУȼ޾Žʦ߷ֺλ߾
ɱԡ
Ҫˡ
Χȥ
һ̣ǺɱԵ·׷ɱԣû׷ɱŷһ㡣
Ӻжĳ𣿡λ߶
ŷ˾͸𾪣ӳеĳԣȫǴı䣬ͬն
ݣ
ݣ
Եǰܣǰ׷
ǰȻǿ߶½أ赲λŽʦܣ
ʱһ˾ͳں

һ⺣С
Ѿռ죬дػӵǰ½ء
ɱ
𣬻ɱ֮ȷѪ꣬衣
⺣ݽһ㳽֪Ҫͨȥݣͱ뾭ʯˣҲǳԵĴ㣬ʯɱ
󷽣Ϊɱԣһһǿ׷ѾԽǧˣҴ󲿷ֶǾżǿߣȾŽʦĴڣ
⺣ҲΪԵ˵ĵһš


989 Ѫ
Ҫɣ
ѪһˣͳͳҪɱǳС
ʦۼ깥ԪһλͼƵ޵оŽʦǱɱľһΪ
ǣ
һ£ʮʦۼһ𣬷񹥻
á
̸оɫ䣬æֹ
ɶ񡣡
ɫ۾֮

Ƕ͹ʮʦҲ͹ǻۣһʼǾͲ㹥ԺߣѡŷˣΪǵΪҲΪˣ˳Ե˵ٶȣشǣ͸ֹܹԵˡ
ŷ˶⵽شҽһһѪ˥ǳ
ãȣϲǵľݻ١
ֹǡ
ȣԾסŷ˵ľ硣
λǰԺȻ˵
ţһ

ͻȻӡ£ֻŷ˶ӰԼæ˵˶Ѿս˱ˡ
ǿռһ߾
ô˵˵²˳٣ǽа취ȫɱ
á߶ͷѡųԡ
ৣ
軤ŷˣ˵ٶȴ񹥻޷Ӱ쵽ǡ
ʲô󾪣ŭô£ôʧ
Ѫ߷˵ŷСһǱǳСеĽӡˡ
ңԲܣǽӡǿռҾǿռҲû˵ܹĴڡ
ô˵ŷСһﻹûֻҪСץ̿ʾ֪ˡҵ
áȵ׷
þ˵Сӣͬʱ볽ԲУԭǶлԵ˼ٶȶһ㣬û뵽ԵٶȾȻ٣һۣǿ˴е𾪡
ţ޹ֺᱻ׷ɱ
ʱҲٻɳԵʵͬȵλĴڡ
½ʵΪ𣬴Ϊȣ֮˾ʹﵽȵزʵ˾졣
ʱǰһƬ
ˡ
ৣ
˻һ壬ҷƬǹ⣬
ǹȻˡ
ϷʶһǷдô£Цһһӣߣ

һƬڰӿĺ޾Ϣӿ壬֫䣬·һ㡣
ùŹֵĵطһ߾
½ݽӵĵطϹħ½Ϊ˲֪Σգߣûһ߳ȥһ߳˵
СһЩһߵ
š˶ͷ
һǰͨ߿ռݣʯˣʯ֮غȻһ㳽ԼΪ
ֻ̫󣬵ʱг̴æȻ·ߡ
ο߿ռ䲻ֻͬǽӹѣһطȴѷ֡
һжԵúƮ졣
Ȼһ˫ͨͨ۾ǰ
ʲôһλ߾
Сġһλֹ
һ¡Ҳæ˵
ৣ
վˡ
ڶ˫˫˫޾ĺɫ۾ǰ˷ӣ˰Χ
ʲôʱ򣬺󷽴ŭ
һ̣Ĳҽ
󡭡
ʱһƬĽֻһֻֻаƴСѪɫɳǵ˫ۺܴ󣬽ռ˰ԴǹŹ֣צӶС𶯳޾⡣
ৣ
ڰͬһλˢػһƬѪɫ硣
¡¡
Уѹһ㣬ǵصѪ˷ӿվ룬ʱҪûͬʱ󷽴ܼ糱ĽкȻûпҲ֪ޱȡ
һɳѪһŨĻͺڰ
ʲôһŭ
СġԾ
Ѫӿ֮ռ丯ʴһռѷ졣
ˣһ߾
˲ˣһ߻һдѪϯ
һתԪȥ
ءһͼȼɴɵĻ棬ǣһ齣߶Դ˳ȥ
壡
һۣǵͷٶ볽һж
ɿµһԪȣĴۣ޼᲻ݣȻûͻƸ߽ʦԴȻ˿еκһˡ
أ
һ壬γһ޴ţȥѪײһ𣬻һڶ
䡪
һ󣬳ڳѪ⣬һֻֻѪȴǷǰ

ͬһʱ䣬һҽֻʮӰǰ˷ŭ˼㣬ǧ˰˽סżǿߣӭһȻֻʣ˲һˡ
̫ˣ
Ƕ𶯣Ϊû˽Ը˵޵оŽʦܳѪĹҲֻǿ߾ŽʦǸܣǿҲûʵ
һ㣬ҵ˶ҿ϶
ǾȻûҿų˵ıӰŭ
õģҲֲ˶ˡ˵Ǵˣǿȶޡ޵оŽʦĴڣֻҪǽһ𣬾һԳȥ
ŽҴ
壡ߺ


990 Ź
ʮǿһ𣬾ͬһѹϣѪⱻѪһ
¡
ʱӭһɸǿһһֻֻѪ˷ɹηȻ׷ԱһѪţը򳽻ˡ
߶ǷŭѪ̫Źˣһδ
ʹʱɱǣԷ񹥻һ˿â˵
ã߶ͷ
ˡ
ʱǿƥľϯѪľ磬ʱһƬһֻֻѪͬѪһȥ
ãԾϲ
ǵĳʹȴǶ̴Ǽһ˵
䣡䣡䣡
ϣ񹥻ʱ俪һѪ·
оʦǷ񹥻󷽣˵Ļɫϲ˵
ǡʮʦ񹥻
ܿ죬ҲɱһѪ·
ߵľ޵ģʦҲ⣬ʦľȻǿһ㣬˶ѪҲ֧Ų˶á
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳ
һֻֻѪҪĳһ޵Ѫ򳽻ˣƬѪ⣬Ѫͨʮֹ죬ɱ¾ҲѪ֮óԷֱ棬̫Źˡ
ҲˣǼʶ㣬һǧ꣬Ҳ˽
һֻѪѪⲢǿֻǿʦһ𣬼ֱ˵ǿֲͬһˮ£µˮһһ
Ȼħ£ħԪһħԣһ˿Ѫ֮
һ˲䣬µķֻ֣̫죬˶ħѪ֮һЩԲ֪ȷ֣ҲóԾȡ
񹥻
˳ʩչ񹥻ֻһյʱ䣬˥ֻ϶ӿһĨ԰ס
Ѿʼʯ̷ҩ
Ѫ̫ˣʱһ޷ֵһߵ
ǰ档˵в౾Դ壬ƾĽ׽־ʣȴǱʤһ
áүҲдóǰ档
֮
֮ǧΪµ֮һ˵ûһԿ⣬˹һ仹ʲôӿµˣ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ˣԳΪȷ棬Ϊܣǰȥҷ貽⣬ͺ񳽻ǽ⣬ǽһ㣬һǰ
棬ʤߡ

󷽣Ҷ˷ŭѣĿĿɱ
˶ʤʩչ񹥻
ȻǲǾʦȴǲҲԿ⡣
ʱѪҲѾ˴롣

ڣ˳ѪֻǰһƬڰ
ֵǣµѪҲû׷·ǰмΣա
һ㣬Ժ߶ע⵽
ৣ
Ҷ˴ʮǿҲɱѪİΧ
С㻹𣿡ŭ
׷ȥŭ
ã׷ˡһߵ
ɶ񣬲ƴˡһŭ
ǰҪ嶯һؾ͵ˡĿһɨһ۾һ˿⣬ĵһλǰ˵
ʲô𣿡һ
áһߵ

Զһ˵˵꣬ͣ£߼Ҳͣ壬˵λǰȲҪʣвҪϢһλǰ׾ˡ
á߶ͷϢԪ˿¶
ʱҵ˳ǰųͣ£һת˵һ£йŹ֣
ţ
˶򳽻ˣʲôŹ֣
Сթˣܣͣ£һʲôıơ˵
ͷָһˣ˵ȥ
ǡһ׳Ӧ߳˫ͭģ·һ㣬̤ͷĻĿƵĶų߽
һŭ
һ¡Լæ˵
ȣ
߳ɣ׳ûзΣգٽʮɣ빥ΧһĿһɣһͭĴ򳽻ԡ
أ
Ļһ
ΡȻ
Сˡ׳˹Ц

ʱ
ˡ۾һૡ
ʲô׳ŭ
ž
Ȼƽһը죬ֻһɫƺžһӹϣصһըѿһ磬׳
Ҳֹңƣ׳ṳ̆߳ԪڣӹģҪɱ
꣡
Ȼһƺӹϣһ죬ͷѿ
ȻйŹ֡˵
ȥһ߱һɫƣ

ʱֻܼһһƺߣæֵȴͨһ뺣У๾࣬һðֻƬѪӿϢŻ
ɶ񣬵ʲô֣һͷǿŭ
ߣʲôҪɱС˵
һ֡ŭ»ӣɱΪүүȻҪΪӱɱԡ
ৣ
һѪҷɳɱ򳽻ԡ
ž
˭֪һѪ
¡¡
£󺣺Ȼ𶯡
Сġ
ಣಣಣ
䣬ֻǧƵɳ򡢻ҵˡ


991 赶ɱ
ŭ

ͻȻһƬҽʮżǿ߱Ӳڡ
ߡԺȻ˵
á߻ɻ󣬵˳⻰Ҳ̵ͷ
䣡
ڴʱһˮֻһӴʯ˳棬ڰУϲȻǹ˵
ʲôŭ
ʯˣҵɻû뵽Լ˵ľȻһʯˣⳬǵԤϡ
ʲôʯˣһŭ
򡣡ɱԼӵĳ˾ǰҲһǻɱ⣬ɱ¾򳽻ԡ
أ
ɳҡ
ߡԼ
ৣ
˷ɳ
Ȼʮɳʯ̴˾񲨶Сӣ
ǰֻ·ѣԼæ˵
ҪϷ֮ɱ𣿺һֽ赶ɱˡʯ˵
ǰСҲΪ֮ԿЦһεĽӴѾԿ϶ʯϹŴڵĴܣʵǳĿ£һ㣬۾ֻܿʶ̽ӣҲޣֻܹ
ԣԲҵˡ
û뵽ʯôͳˣһоĴڡ
ȻΣǾϷɡʯ˴
ߡԴһ齣ݺᣬɱɭɭ
䣡
һɡ
ն
ٽն
ɱ
߼æԣ

ͬʱҵһʧأżǿȥԪգǿ
ɶˣŭ
Ҫɱ˳Сŭ
ɱ
ǿ߳ƽˣɱС
ûᣬ롣
ҪѪָһ߾
Ǳӡˣһ򵥵ʯˡһߵ
ǿȥԼ
أ
һɿķӡ£ķ
ৣ
˷ֳ
СӣӲˡʯ˵
ɶ񡣡ҵ˴ŭҪߣʯ˵󲿷ֶϣҲᱻˡ
һʦܡһ𾪵
һǣҿ֮ǰˣǲ˶ꣿһ߿϶
ӳ½ңڸʤһߵ
ڸô죿һߵ
⻰˶򳽻ԡ
ȥ֮˵ǽط˺߶𾪣û뵽½ȵط
ãͰ˵һߵǶһ㣬Ѿˣδֻпŷˡ
֮УǿԷġԵ
š߶ͷ
һʱ󣬳˷ɳ£߿ԤϣûгԵľĻǣŷ˶ѾˣʯҲǿԵֵ
ȫ󣬾ӳҲʧء
ǿʮżǿ߰
ʯˣ̫ˡ
ߡԵ
һ˾ǣδٽѾһƺƵĳԭҰϱۣ򶫺
һǰԾͨ·صݡ
У붫޵˴ս
ʱǻһܷٵĳУȴ˼ûˡ
ݣ߿ǰĴ½Щ棬ȻǾŽʦܣȴûݣҲֻǵѣ½˵һİĵط
Եͷ˵ֻѾصԪռˣˣȸϻز֮ɡ
ৣ
˳գ֮ķȥ
¡¡
Ȼվ𣬹ϯ
ԣ㻹ܣ
һڳʮӰȻԼһ̫ϳϣһ꣬޺ȻС
ܣЦͣסΡ
һſϯ
ʲô޵оŽʦɫһ䣬֪̫ͨӵ£Գ
ǣһ̴һХԶ
ԣܣоǺ⣬޾֮ˮϴ
սپ
áӦ
˻𣬶ųԣŵʦôܣ
أ
ĿɱȻһӡ£һ߽װħΪֱ޵оŽʦ纣Хɽǵأ򶫷ޣУʦΪεֵס
סϴһƷɣһӡգӭǣصһֵס˷ӡ
޵оŽʦʵɲ⣬򳽻ԣɱ֣δȥǻסޣΪһֻ̫ϳʵ൱һˣϳԣ̫ˡ
ɶҲİôˣһʵ
ɱ
׷ƣ
ƣ
¾
ɱ¾𣡡
ռݶϡķһʩչɱУƴ󣬳˻
ĵס̫ӵ¾ͿˡϴҪս־
֮
֮
ռ侫֮
罣ҷĽۣۣ۳ɽϵˡ
һнʦ߷߷һ£صһڵ棬һѪ
Ǿ񹥻СġĿ𣬼

һƬҽһ߾ʬ嵹ȥˤɷ۴⡣
ЩнʦڳԾ񹥻ǰûκεֵֻ֮ϵȼ߽ʦſֵסҲɫ԰ף֧š


992 
ǣ޾Ȼ˳Եľ֮
ףһ㣬ҲԾ죬ܿ͸оһ˶޵ľ磬ʮֵι̣ǿռ侫֮Ҳ޷ơ
ٺ٣ԣûõġǹһ˿ЦԪ͸ģΪ񹥻ãҲǳԵĶ֣֣ܳȴ̫ӵǰֻҪ̫ӵµˣǳԵڡ
ⶫѵʲôɣɫҪɱóԺɱֻܲôһ㣬һҲǣóЩơ
ãϼ˴ȡ

ʱߴ˷Хϯԣ̤Ьٴȫѹû뵽
ৣ
һӰľء
󣬸ʮŽʦܣȻڡ
ľأԼݣɫһ
Ǻǣԣû뵽ɣľƳھ£Ź⣬ͬһ̫Ц˵⣬㾹Ȼܹ常ӳȥǵ͹ˡ
ߡһԣ⻰һ˵СӲˡ
ľصͷλ常һ֣Ҫ⳽ٴѡ
ģûǸˡ
ôˣĸϼһﱣҲֻ·һ
ৣৣ
һ˲䣬
Ҳһȥľضʮ˵
һڽӦ
δ䣬һγأƲꡣ
С֮ءϹЦ
ৣ
һ˲䣬ڲļ̫ϳϳΧϳԡ
޼̫ӵ¡ľأһ˿̬İݵ
񡣡ľذ˰֣˵ޣҲʮּǺ޳԰
̫ӵ£޺޲ɱֻ޵
ߣӲˡľһ˵
Ѫ󷨣
Ԫƣ
ǳӰ
޾ɱ¾
ն
һȣսһһʽȻɣţʮܣҲɱʮ㣬ɢɱնʱһ죬Ǻ޲ɱԶ죬顣
һ˲䣬ָͨչֳ˿񱩡Ϣ
λǰˣȵ
ˡһ̾
ɱһ⣬һ񱩵ϯ쳤Х
ԣߡ߼ͬʱ˵
ৣৣৣ
Ǿǳսڣɱ죬η޾壬ηٲȻѾ֮ԺҪΪȥʱ䡣
ֻǣһۿϵĿأЦ׿ǣػأҼлԣɱһҪɱԵӣľرͲԸΪԴѣǱЦռԣԲ
Ǻǣ޵оŽʦҳһˣǹҰЦ
ٷϻСӣƽʱһ˾ͽɱΪ˲ߵĻᣬҲܱһЩȵ
ҲһȻӣĿɱ

ͻȻһ磬ֻԶ߳ĵӰ̡졢𡢰ɫΡ
ܡһȵ
ļˣһ
ôˣľü
ްݼļ޼æݵ
ԪļֻһˣָˣֱǴġλ޵оŽʦ
ֻǣǵĵλ֮ףΪ˺Կǿ߾ŽʦԪ졢ءơ桢顢İ˴λͬ
ʥˡļޣͷ
ʥӣľüͷһ塣
̫ӵ£ѾΪԪʥ֮һϣ㺣
̫֪ľػ˵
ˣһƽȴǼ֣ȻҲ֪ô£ֻ֪ԪĵͻȻ֣Ϊʥӣһǵģľö޳ԣҲͷˡ
ʥô˻Ҳ΢΢üԪĵҲԽԽˣ֪ضһ㣬ȻΪʥӣҿʥӻֹһҲԴľϵԵ֪ʥԪĵλܸߣҲΪɵ
ȻͷֻԺһţ˿Ĺ˿и
޵оŽʦԣںħҲֻսӽ޵оŽʦѣ˵⣬ֲܹѾʵףοˣ
ءһ
ûκεֵ֮ԾͱһһɳȥǰнۣѪʣҲ𣬷·ҪʣȻôǵġ
ͨ
ˤ֮С
ԡߴ
ɱǡľ
䣡䣡䣡
ʮȾŽʦĴڣ޵оŽʦϵ޷ֵĴûֹУѪˣĴˤڵϣѪӯ졣
ৣ
ļǰ֮ϡ
һ¡
һֻɫ̺֮޼᲻ݣץ֮Уռ䶼ץѿ
ߣһͻƸ߽ʦҲ߽ʦͿԹ򣬶Ҳ
Ǹ߽ʦ֮ܵ
ءһ
һץ£ǹˮըѣ졣
£
ץˮɲǣһīĽƽɳʱһʬ顢õȸָɳÿһ𶼴ǿƣʦܣͽļӳ֡


993 
ٺ٣Ϸƣ
ȻȴЦץһӣһƬһﻯΪҽ
ৣ
ڴһ˲Էɳ˫齣һսռ佣£Ȧռ䣬Ϊãֻ
ӡȻһЦʼնδԷУʵʵȷʵԴܳԣֻʱȴǳһЩӵһеڶУҲֻǶѹƳԶѣŲգռ䵴һȦȦɫⲨŶ

һƬ紵ϯء
һ̣ؾȻһ䣬һ磬һſŽɫĹأ紵һƬƬɫҶɳ̺֮
ļ֣֮Ҳ̺һ˿֮ķ
磡
ڶԹƿϣҪڳһ
أ
һ죬ϯ罭纣ϯ죬һƬ㣬ţ֮
ºͿռ佣£޷ֵס
ԽµȻǿ󣬵ȴ޷ۣ޷֮⡣
ۣһѪͫ׶ҫһƬɫ
ס
ġλӶΧסԣȡ
ԣοôһߵЦ
ߡľһڳҲ˲ٿ
źɱԣԪҪܳԣҲΪص׹ȥһĸ󻼣Ҳһĺ¡
־ܰɳԡ
Ϣɫ԰ףϢ˥ѪĿ罣Ӧ
һ֣£ȵ
ˣ
ġĴһۣͬʱ֣ļļ仯ó鵽ļһ˲侭ļֻһ꣬ļڵԴã౾ԴҲǱѹơ
ȻⲢԵȼѹƣϵѹơ
ͱ˵һ˺һͯǱԽ嶤飬ȴδɳȻ޷ˡ
䣡
ļĦѪȼգʹ಻Ѫ齣ͷӡ޷Ӳ
áһȣ
䣡
һ˲䣬Ĵһ֣Ҫܳԡ
¡¡
ͻȻӵڣԭҰ۳ҡ

ţһХ
ô£ļʵ
䣬ռһ춯صХ𣬴ϣףԶج
ءһ
һǿƥУļڳϵļֱӱؿߵɳȥ
ʲô
ľءޡɫ䣺ˣ
¡¡
ͬʱһǿڣһǧɵĿռ䱻һɫ𣬷ҡֱϣһƬһĽϯ˻ϣױȣ𶯡
һͷ

һΡ롢׳۵֮ϣ̻Իͣϣһң顮֡

ļľء޵ˣһ㶣۾Բš
찡ѵǴ˵е˵ôܣ壬Ƿ壬Ѿ֮ǰʧˣô
һǰסĵطĿƵ
찡סĵطһкܶ屦Ŀ̰
屦أļһۣǿ˴еռ֮⡣
λǴһֵģǾһ̽ˣջƾľ߳˹˵
áļһֻۣˣľһȴʮŽʦǼɵԪݣѾֽɱˣǵͷͬ⡣
ݣ
˵֮ʱ罣һûš
ס
ɱɱˡ
ɶһҪ
ʱľص˺ļȻŭû뵽ԳԼ˹ϷأǱֱǻڶʳ·
ߡľغȵ
ҵĻԵܴСľءСĽļľȫΣԼ˶֪ƵʵҲֻļܹΡ
ޣҪǿɲұ֤İȫޱ
λҲһ䣬ǶǵյʥӣǸ˵ۣɱ
λģС֪죬ǿ󡣡޹ȴԹޱȣĸͷǾԴҶޣлԵҶ޳ɳһɱĸϼһ
ߡ
ৣ
һ˲䣬ļͽʵʵĸں档
˵ľص˽ڳԽһ˲ͳһĴУžŰʮһ֧Ŵÿһ϶һצ֣ݡ
ϷȻһޱȣ棬¡
ֻڳ˵֮һǶļ׷ɱҲ뿴ܷûԵܹŴǺôͲöˡ
ʵϣڳڱһϢһе壬̫
ֻ̫ѾԴȴԴ̺һ˿̫Ϣһͷ·߽Լļ԰һͥŲĸо·û⵽׷ɱһ
̫á
һ㣬Ժ
ûͣһͨ
ţò˶ľص˾ͻԼѰ屦ĽҪܹΪˡ
ټûбԵľԲš
ৣ
ԴӡϻõҲ
ۣĵطСѾͷŽ̻Իͣһɸͷһ̾ʵӣʲôط
Ц


994 ڣ
ɣԲţһ˫۾ȴǵɴ󣬶ܹģͺ̰Եĺͯǹһ
ȷʵ˵
Կ˵һóԳԾĻǰ
ʱ¾Ѫ˵ȷʵڣ֮ǰħȽľĺ׵壬ͷҪ󣬷屻ħΨأȻȫ˳½ǵĹȴһֱδҵû뵽Ȼ
̫ƯˣϣԺסĵطҲôƯ̵˵
ˣڿʼѰĶɣϣջľغԪҲˣҪСġ˵
šϻü˶ͷСѾͷ˻Ŷʼұඣ
˽١ʵ
峤ϵ֮ء˵ǰһ峤Ĵ£
ڣԾ
ԡ
Ǿȥ۾ӨӨĵ
áͷ˵кܶ󷨣ϻ˵ʲô
ߡ鼤ڣ;𾪣峤ͳϵĵطǾһأȻѾȥһȴޱȣ֮Ѫ˵ı
˷·Եǰڣ·˳ˡ
ѰĴ˵һ˵һȺ̨ͤ¥󡢵ʯȪٲӦоУóԵ˾̾ɹҲˡ
ڵԴ·һںڵ̫
һУܹоֻǱѹơ
һ˶Сġ
Ȼ˭֪ߺ󣬻ֶΣ
ˣ
һ
ڣһʯŵǰ
ϻáԵ
ϻӦ߳ɨһۣ˵һ󷨣ƷƷʧĵúܿ죬ʱһܹ
ˣΪλ޷½ԺȻʵ
һɻ½޷ͻʦ½ܺ⣬Ϊλûǰ½
ܼ򵥣½ʱеλ棬еδ򣬶ħ֣½û䣬ųΧĹ١˵˵ħ֣ҲӦûʹ½ȼ½Ŷԣ淢һЩǲ֪顣
šԵͷԭ֪ģȡ½ĻԪ½һŵ͵綼㲻ϣʹ½е䵽ء
ôԿԿ϶½Ǵıء
ͬȻʤ̭ķһ߾ӣʼҪ̭֮ͬ˵ģǧ꣬½ͻ𣬳Ϊϡ
ȻûǰҲͼˡ
һصĴ½½磬ҲһЩ͵綼㲻ϵĴ½ȻҲʦҲ޷ǰ͵е磬ȻҲƲ½
ͬһڳˣ˺ũ
һĵ߾ӣ
ȻǿҲԻع½½Ѿԭеҵõ
֮֮ͬɳ֮ǿԵѰ½֮ľжԶҲֹһҪ½Ҫҵ̸ף
һУܺý͡
ˣ
ʱһʯϵ󷨱ϻý⿪ˡ
֨һ
ʯţһ̱ˡ
һжĵġ
˽ȥʱʱ̿̾裬֡
һӻԻ͵Ĺ˼㣬īֶ޷ΰ
ͨǾͽӽڣˡ˵
Сġ˵
ߡϻõ
ųԣ·ѰҰȫС
ݸһЦСѾͷԴ˵ģûµġ
šɵĵͷ
һ˽ʯţʱӭһɹϡɣϢ
˿ȥһĸоȻ
·һĹȺһ嫵һ㣬ޱ޼ʣǳ׺һƬǿգÿһǧɳ·磬۰أΡ󣬹ǿһϵ
ڣԾ
ôѽˮһĴ۾ɴʮֳԾĹâ
ͷ
ڣǰ峤ϵ֮أ¾ѪԾ˵²ֹǧ
ҪÿһǶ˷ҪƽⲢһ׵顣ϻ˵
ϻ˵öԣڣпٳһС磬в֪жΣա˵
СġԶ
ڣأͬһһ㣬Ǻúñǰţ
飿ָһϲ˵
Լ˿ȥֻϿһǧǸǿգǸһŽɫԲ˸âɢһѹıԪڣ顣
ÿһܹ飬ֻдﵽ߼ʦߵ顣
һ㣬ҲǴӹϵ伮Ͽ
Ŀһɨоâ˸Ｘһǧǣ̺Ĳ°Ҳһٿ飬Ļ߲֪жĺôó˵ܹԴ̫İ
ȻҲ֣֮Ҳɫͬ
һ˵ľԺˮԾӶ࣬ҲԣȵȣľˮһЩѣ񳽻̫ǧź


995 
ˣ
Ȼһ󴥶Դ·𷢳Ӧ
ৣ
ȻȻģԵĿ䵽ǿվͷһǣȼǧɣʾӨʯλãȻһɫ顣
ȻԶɸоһǿ

ԿԿ϶һ亱ȴڣһǧУ޽С
һǰǿӦǴﵽǵİڷλãߴһϻ˵
ϻõļʶҹˣǰˣҶ֪Ц
һԾ
һɣǰ˵˵½һɡ˵ԣԴҲԽסͻгɡ
飬Ҳһ̫ıգԿʴﵽĵزҲͳ˵ǡϻȵ˵ǰ;˷ܡ
ʲôǣʵ
ӣ֪ʱ֣ЦĵҵļйǵĽܣ˵ϣһֳԽ׵ʣǽǡ
˶٣˵ǵʮֺ˵߱ʦʾͱҪﵽףǣҲ˵ͨϣɾ͵ʣһģҾͲ֪ˡ
ôӣüʵ
ǺǣСѾͷ˵ĲΪϹ磬ǳڻҲǼ΢˵꺱ϻ˵ȻҲû֪γɾǣЩӵǵˣҲû˵Եɡ
ô˵һִ˵ʡɻʵǿкκô
ǵ֮ϷҲ֪֮꣬Ҳôһִšϻ˵һ־ųǿķһγɣƾͿӲۼ
ʲôһ⻰Ծʹһ
ϹΪļƷʼۼʥۼڵȣǵۼƷҲ㹻˵İҪ֪񳽻ԵҲֻǿȶϽ׶ѣδ뼶ˣǵˡ
Ǻǣڵڶ֣ӵߣֻʣһǣƹϻﲻ˵Ҫֻ֪˾ܲſѪͨӵߣͿˡ
еǣǼǣ
ôٴα𾪵಻ѡ
ϻүүе֡۾תţ˵
ǾѾͷ˵ɡϻЦ
ӣǴ˵еǣزӵͨҲ֣ǰֲʲôڵֵĴ˵ŸΪˡСѾͷһװģ˵˵ӵߣԳ񣡡
񣿡ʧѵ񣿡
Уȷʵڣֻǹܹߣ޼̾ǰ˾ᵽȥĵطֻ磬Ѿܾû˳ˡ
ãԲʵ
ꡣ
Զʱ°ͶҪˣѣ
ȻΪأϻЦݴõϿɣͻ˾Ҳ޷磬ֻܳΪα磬ȴԪľһ졣
α񣿡üͷ壬Ĵ˵ʵ̫ɻˡ
ˣҲûһ˳񣬵Ѿܶ˻ɣؼǷطϻ̾
²˳٣㻹Ƕȡɡ˵
áȥڳ⣬Եͷ
ߡϻ˵Щ󷨣ʱҲ꣬Ƿ󷨣ǲ֪м꣬ǧ궼пܣҪ֪½һе磬ȻҲΪ֡
ৣ
СĽӽ
ǧǣʮΪ飬Ȼˡ
أ
˲Ⱥڣ˭֪һһɰƵ֮ƣó˿ɫһףǾһ

æסСѾͷʵû°ɣ
ӣû¡ҡͷСɾδ
ǿķ֮ϻþ̾
󷨣˲󡣡˵
Ŷ֪Ǹ֪ƽ𣿡ʵ
֪Ҫϻ󡣡˵˵󻹱ӡǰˣΪ˲󷨣Ϊӡ飬ȻҲ֪˴ÿһͽڵ㡯
һ飿־棬һӡУӲӣһӡ
ţΪ˲ҪֲͬԹҪðԹϣȻһ׵飬ӡ̺ķӡſԽк͵á˵
ӡд˵ã
ȻΪûʣҲû˵ˡ
ˣȰķοЦܿ˵ȴǾ¹󣬺úѰʷڷӡá
¾ѪȻطռ䡣˵
ǡ¾ѪӦ
ŶȻЩԸӭųǲΥĿ⣬ȴҲֻƲС죬ֲĵͷ
ԵûпϾҲΪǵİȫ롣
ϻý˲󣬳Ծ͹۲ڣ֮⣬ЩԵ飬Ҫ֪Щɶʦϼܵһ޷̺
һ˵ֱһ޴ıء
ңҲ
桢硢ռ䡢ԴԴͲ౾Դﵽг֮⣬ֶֻСɣӰܹԴΪŲá
һ㣬ǽ־취ͻƵףϾѾһﵽˡ


996 ˲
Ҳ־ǵʮּѵģΪԽ󣬾ԽǼѣԴ֪־ʹغԺĳɾ֮󣬳Զʱʱ̿
үȻһμȻҪ磬½֮磬ľͷǷܹ
ȻĿǰҪ黹ΪϾԪ͵ص̫ǿˡ
뵽Բǲ֮
³һԸоеĳЩ̧ͷ֪ԼǿʵĻᡣ
ľغԪûоԵʵԾϵ⣬и

ΪһޣԾԲ鷢Ԫĵжǿ
ˡʱϻúͷ˹˵ԣǷӡˣ
áԵ
ţһ£ͰϷ˵ϻõͷ˵
󣬷ӡϾǷӡ飬ӡһܹӳӡȫ
ޱߵĿռ䣬һǧΣƴϡ
ϻһ£뷢԰ףǰ󷨱أʼƽ˲
վԣӡִģ£糯ϼ
ʱϻ̽˫֣ӨӨĹâָӡһ޵⼤һ֮ڡ
ˣˣˣ
ʱԼ󷨺й⻡ǧ춯һ㣬ӵ
һ˲䣬Ծ͸оһɽһɵɢֻ˵˵ǹ׵ǿԵǬƥǽ֮ľ֮ˮ֮򡢻֮֮
й򣿡¶֮ɫ磬һΪȻ
򵥵˵һΪ׼潫ڡ
˲̺йȻóԳһ֮УҲһЩ˲ģΪôʲô
ܿ죬Ծ֪ˡ
֮򣡡
Ծ죬û뵽ȻǷ֮ԭ򣬱Ͼ綼ǲԣͬʱͬʱһ㡣
ף
ϸһ˼ԽףȻͬʱ֣ȴСС֮˵ĸ֣ŵ֮Уĸ֮Դȱһɡ
ģԴ˲ԭ
ⲻһ󷨣һ硣
˲һͬһһ㡣
һ㣬Բѣû뵽徹Ȼܹó󣬿󷨵Ʒ͡
Уôڰʲô
ˣ
ϻÿʼƽ˲󣬷ɢһʱϯ˿񱩡ᡢײУ·Ҫһ㡣
ǻ򣿡ϻöʱʧ찡ڰֹĻ⣬̫˲˼ˣʲôȡûģ
һԣҲǴʧɫҲû뵽ڰֹ򣬾ȻԷģ֮һĻ
ӵоԵܣκ˶ܹյģó˵õ౾ԴҲǾһܹû󷨣һ飬̫˳Ծˡ
뵽İӵ޿ƥеҲȻˡ
ʱ½е磬塢塢ص棬ÿһ嶼п޵еʵȻǿ
һ㣬ͿԿҪ֪ǿĴܣԿԻһأӵժµ
ô糽һ㣬ڻԵɺ֮£Ҳһ˵ͨ顣
áʱϻúȻɫ䣬ɫһףһѪ˵ԣɻ̫ǿˣ춯÷ӡ
ǡҲоĻϻøһ˵꣬ʹӡ˵һһɺɢӭǻ
ó𾪵ǣⲢǷӡһɷӡ
ˣ
µ£ٿȻһʱʧ
ȥϻôߵ
ৣ
ûԥԽУϻýں

ʱһɺޱߵϢӭϢóԺϻɫ䣬ΪϢ֮УȻ̺˷кͻʮֵĿ¡
֮⣬һ޿ΥϢ
̤һƵóԷ·صǸưϹʱ
Ժϻöˣͺǿܵһǿյĺƴ
һ·߽ûͣ

ȵĿ꣬Ȼ顣
ԣǳħҲΪ㻤Ҳȡˡϻ˵
áԵͷӡһ˶һħڱޱ飬·һ
СġԱһ̤ǰ
ħϻ⣬ȡ顣
Щ鲻ڳԣǵΪҲ벻ĺô

߶౾ԴԼԦ籾Դ·һƮ
Խ߽ԲԽоǵǿ󣬲֪ȥ꣬Եģȴ𺳣վǰͻһ΢飬վǰһ㡣
һǿڳԵܣ·Դֲǡ
𺳣⻹ֻǴĸожǿ

ǧɵǣ֮Уޱ޼ʣβ
̫ǿˣ
Ϣɴڣó𶯡
ڣ£ȻԴǿҵĲдϵҲʼӦһ໥ĸоڳ˵ʮֵ֪˵ʮҪ


997 Դг
ˣ
ʱһֶ¡
Ĺԣ
Ծȣû뵽龹ȻĵӦ
оɲĴ澯裬ϾһǰĴڣȥ꣬дһ˿Ҳɱĳ顣

׽־ʣԼ౾Դ˲תסԵľ
ڸоΣ֮󣬳Բͬһû֮䣬Уʱһ۵ĹӭĹâ
ֻԲǰСӨӨͬһʯ
棬ԸоһɿµڵСԴԿ϶ֻҪԴȻͻгɣʵҲ֮ǽͻʦ
飬εһĨȣץȥռ䣬ʱĦ޾׹⣬һ
¡¡¡
ڳԸҪһ˲ͻȻһóԵӶʱһ
á
ͻȻɫ䣬ֻԴȻҲ׹£һһ˺ѶڵԴ໥ӳ·Ҫһ㡣
¡
¡
ڣԴ˺ѳһ˲䳽Ծͱ׹ûڵԴҲøˡ
һҪֹ
ɫһû뵽ǿᣬȻܹԼڵԴһж󣬵񳽻Ѿ·ˣֵס
־
־ӳϯ־ҡʯ
䣡
黹춯
Կ飬ĿƣĨȥͷ亹һȣȫԪԴӿϣصһ䵽棬ʱһɲӿ塣
ˡ
ֻԸ˾ͺһȫ֣塣
ʱ֮ͬУ˷ʮض

Ե־ݶҡԴת֫ٺԼʱһ׹ͬһë֮мһ죬ͬ콵ϻõ˶ɫ䡣
ǷģûΣգ顣ħ䵭ڵ
Ǿͺáϻúͷ˿
̫ˡ˵۾ڵĳԱħǸϲԱΪħ̫ˣȻ볽ԱһģһСѾͷǲ뿿
ˣȽʣµȡϻûһۣǰһǣ̾ϧ̫ˣҲһˡ
ռ䵹ǿ¼һǡ˵
񲮲罫ˣŽռ°ͣתŴ۾˵
취áЦ
ãͰѾͷ˵ЩǿĺòϡϻЦǺǵ
һЦԵʮֿġ
ڣ޾׹УԱߣְ棬
Ǵ̫ǿˣǳԴӵʣ¸޷Ӧ񱩵ˣѾˡ
ԣڳ˵һĻԵ
䣡
ԵͬһѪʣԴʱâڳ£Ҫը
һУԵʮֿ¡
Ӧɿ񱩵̾תԴ羨̺ˮһ㣬ǿᡢ
һգһ
ʱĳԣͬһѸٵת
飬ͬһ޴ͬˮһ㣬಻Ľ볽ڡ
һʮ֮˾Ŷ̺ڣͺñһϴܣڶԳԴһ㡣
ͬǣԼȡе˵ͺñԴܹͻгԴ
ڣԴӿϸһ㣬֫ٺʣϴóԵĹӵǿǿڳ˵һ컯ȫΪ˼¡

׷ϯڳӣһ˺ѳȥƤ⣬˸һ⻡ͷ·
䣡
಻£ڵԴգͬһһε߶뱾Դ컯أԴϵҲԽԽ
һУóԼ֡
ʱϻúħѾȫռַԵ鶼УǶڹ۲쳽ԣϻ˵С
˵һ컯˵ǰ˳ɳģڵ˻Եֱͬն˵ΪҲﵽ۷壬뵱ʱ֮δһ̤컯֮һԡ
һϣϷͬϻ۰룬ЦǺǵ
ǰ˵ĻԵ̫ˡ¾ѪҲһ̾
ϻүүүүأܹʲô磿һϻõ䣬۰Ͱ͵ʵ
㣿ϻÿ·˼һ£ҡͷ˵˵
Ϊʲôɻʵ
½ڣ֮ǰϹʱԵҲǼ亱ģϷšϻó˵
ͷ˵ǰе磬ҲŹޡ
ô˵϶һ޶ඣһ
ǺǣɲһϻүүͷүүҲֻǾе򣬶һֻǰ½ܱߵļѣûûûУοиߵǱǰ½ٱǧĵطϻ˵
ߵ磿۾һ˵ԺһҪȥߵ硣
ǺǣߵʱɲôȥģҲҪӵ컯ΪСϻЦǺǵ
ǰСѾͷҲЦ


998 
ߣ˼һ컯ģҵļбǿأһС˵
һ⻰ϻúͷ˾һ㶣ҪӵйϵĴǵȻ컯ܹģϻЦͺúŬɡ
šͷ
ˡ
ʱһǿƥ֮ϯʱһƬ籩ÿһռ䡣
ͻԴгˣϻþϲ
ͻˣҲǴϲ
̫ˡ¾Ѫ򳽻ԣȻ˾η֮顣
֮У׹纣ޱ޼ʣһɻ
ͻˣ˫ۣ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ݣ
ʱȻһһû볽üġ
ô£Դ󾪣æ۾鿴
˲䣬ڳԾһϵЦСӣԴͻгˣϷҲռˣһ߲ĽʣгԴȻֻ΢ϷҪ󣬵ҿɵȲôʱˡ
ԵľڣһԾӰͦԴ󾪵
ֻӰתһ罹̿ߣĸߴһ˫۾ǳۣ˳ԵĻЦţôΪ
㲻ʲôˣһ㶣
ϼһһƲлֻ꣬Ǿ߱һ˿ѣȻһ壬Ĩȥ꣬ҾͿ뿪طˡͷҳΪл꣬ЦĿų˵
Ѿҵĵͫ΢ʵ
ǺǣҲգҲܾû˵ˣ㶼Ҫ˵ķϣ˵䡣˵֮һֱû֣ǵ㽫ԴͻƵгɣΪҵСԴ֧ŵġ
ԭˡԵͷɫÿ¡
ˣ긲ɣԷģúȥġ黰ƽȴһֲΥĵ·һһо˳Եһ
㿴һҲΣĿ飬ʯһ㣬ݶҡ
ţҾܾҵҪ󣿺ܺãȻˣ͸ˡɫһƽ˵
Զʱɫһ̻Ľ׽־޼γǿľ֮ɱ飬ͬʱ罣Ҫռҵ壬ͿûǸ¡
Ȥ㾹Ȼһޣ΢΢죬漴ͷ˵ܺãĽ׽־䣬ŵҲһţˣҾ͸ҪռˣΪֻܽȥ½
һɣе½Ѿˣ½ֻһ磬ıأͻʦûпܡЦٶȴûһ顣
ʲôôһƭҡ־ŭ
Ų㡣
ɫһ˵Ļˣһ˲ܽڣ嶼ˣҲãԴһԻָʦΪʱ뿪طͿˡ
Ը飬ıɱ֮ġ
СӣͲҪˣҰɡ

̫ǿˣȻֻһ˿ɲǳֵܹģ籩ǿޱȣóԵγɵľ֮ҡ
ͬʱħȻʧãΣˡ
ʲôϻõ˴󾪣ô£
дһ˿飬Ҫ꣬ռݱ塣ħұȥȱ𡣡
ʵϣñԼԮԱѾںħˡ
ݣ
ħһħ⣬볽Աںһ壬ʱһħԪɢ

һ˲䣬ԱںħһɲбĺݡϢ
ʲô㾹ȻƳ˷һ˵㲻ʦΪôƳڶ
ˣ
ȴûлشںħûʱǿ֮Ҳ˲٣͸籩顣
ΪͿԷΡ˵꣬໯һĳӭȥ
һ
֮֮ײһ𣬲¡
ӣû뵽ľǿԶԶΪȻҵĶ֣ΪҲǽСӣɣ

һʣ֮һɿ񱩵ϯ򳽻ԣ罭һ㣬ˣҪûҵǰ̫ˣ򣬷ԲҵĶ֡
ѹ
Եѹ
˵ǰԵгԴûУѹơ
УǾԴŭһ߶гԴ飬Ҫˮһսսʤ飬֮·ڽսˡ
гԴСӣǳԤϰ̲꣬һжˣһжǸ׼ġһЦ˵δԿС
ݣ
Բ֮ӳгԴݺݵĴ˳ȥ
ûõġ̺֮˿µһͽײ˳ȥ
һ˲䣬Եľһš


999 ̲
磬ϻ˶ʮֵǳԣѾᣬϻõ޺ϻүүȾȹӡ
ϻһ̾˵ǰﲻ˳ԡ
ƴҲ̾
ϣԳŹȥϻõ
̫ˣֻĲ飬ӵеҲǳԿԿġ˵
ϻүүүүѵǾûбİ취𣿡
ϻúͷһۣ˵ܹͻ׽־ʳƽΪͻʦϲ౾ԴҲܹһ
һԵġһĨȥ۾ᣬһĵ˵
ԣһԡ¾Ѫȭ˵
Ըˡϻúͷ̾
Եľڣ־۲䣬ǿľѹ
Դ汾Դ֮ԴСӣǸһϷľϲҶһ㲻ɱˣΪܹ˼䣬Դ͵˵
ռ䱾Դ֮
һԻռ䱾Դ֮Խռ䣬Ťռ䣬顣
⣬ǿռ䱾Դһɵռ䱾Դ㾹Ȼʦ˿ռ䱾Դǲ˼飬ҵ󰡣
˶٣˵ããǱԽҲζռ壬δǱҲԽ󣬾½˵ֻƾ壬ͻʦǰе򣬲ֻǵ͵ĳɾҲὫԽϼһﵽ컯
ϼһǰδܵľ簡ЩĴЦ֮ѹ
һ
ֻ֮һӾͽռ侫֮ײ
һԵľܵ˲СĴˡ
һشþͻռľ񣬳꣬鳹ռ壬Ҳڡ
ɶ񣡡
ߵ˼㣬гŭȫ⻯֮֮
𣿡ЦܺãҾһǣĨɱľ
ʣ
һʣֻ֮ݺݴ򳽻Եľ꣬Ҫĥ
ʹҽУͬըʹ಻ģͬеĲʱпϨ
ڿ֧š
ռ䱾ԴͲ౾Դľ꣬Ӳľ
ԵĹ£ϲҽС
ף㾹Ȼû龪һ˵ǳҵԤϣ˵ĻѾһ񹥻֮ˡ
౾Դ֮
һ㾫˻뾫Ϊ౾ԴͿռ䱾ԴΪܣҪķ
һǣĹԽ˿ռ䱾Դ
⡭ǲϢʱʧɫ㾹Ȼ˲౾ԴôܣǿµĲྫ֮ЦãǸϷһľϲ
˵գһɣ
¡¡
ԵľҲһɴĻɢȻ֮һĻ
СӣӲӻǶӵû뵽ɣ
ЦֻҪռ壬ܹӵв֮ĳɾͽôһ˿Ļᣬֱ͸ҵĻᰡ
ɱ
ɫ䣬һҧһݺݳ˳ȥΪѾû·ɱ顣
չܰɣЦԵĿһУ·һĶ֣ҲĶ֣Ѿˡ
¡
δ䣬һɻ籩ϯһ𣬳Եľڣ˲౾Դ֮⣬Դֻʣ˻Ͳ
һᣡ
ս
ս
һжûκλԱһսҪսʤĻ
ûϣˣΪҵĻĲǿЦ۰£˿ûнԷУϢŷ񣬡֮ҾƬأΨһһӵˡ
ԣɣ
һ£ͬһ㣬ݺݳ˳Ĳྫ֮ϡ

һ·𴫱˰˻ģ磬˳Ե񣬽ȫ𣬲౾ԴҲ޷ֵӲѹ
¡
ɲǣྫ֮绯һŽûʶ;ͬһʬ⡣
ҵˡЦ
ݣ
ʼͬԵľ磬ռľʶתΪԼ
Դ𣬲дľ˻ź񷴿
ûõġ鷢Ц
ĥ𣬲ĨɱۣɱǿҷϽʶͬһСѿǿεƿڴǧ硣
ǽ־
ǿ͡۲䡢ǿɶҡЩǽ־
ɻ𣬽ɾͲ࣡
δ𣬽Ͳ࣡
֮󣬽Ҳࡣ
Ϲ޷ܹԡʶ徳Ϊ˵ľȥȥ
ʱ˿̣ԾͺñһֻˣһӼԡӼȫԼ
Ľѣ顣
һأԡӼһɳ졣
־
ڽ־ڳԵľĥ𣬲Ĩɱ𣬶Ȼھ硣
ôܣ𣬡ҾͲ㣡˵꣬ϻӳ꣬׳籩Դݿѹ򳽻ǿ־


1000 ں
־ƣ
ͬʱԷڽ־ĺһɲźǿơ
ۣ
·һ㱡Ĥһ㣬һɿ񱩵Ľ־ӿӿһ㣬һкǧ
׽־
ͷõǿ֮£ԵĽ־ͻףƽ
ͬһʱ䣬ϣ뽣־ںһ
ˣ
ʱһǿƥϢϯȥ
ʦҳʦ
⻹ûн־ﵽͻʦҪ󣬳Գͻơ
ô˻ŭͺǷһš
ƣһХ֮󣬳ͻʦ
ˡһ
һʦϢȥɨԻ֮ѹȥ
СӣͻʦҲûзҵĻᡣħϯκˣʮֿ£вͽ
ɱ
Դһ۾־һĽϣչ˿͵ķ
¡
һɽڳԾӴһݺײ˳ȥ
ءһ
һҽУͼ֮˳ȥŭ𣺡ֲġ
Ҫл㣬öδͻƵĽ־ͻףȥˡ˵
Ҫɱҡ˻е
䣡
ֻǣֹ˳Եɱ¾ϵĽ־ѹȥݿ࣬ǧ̤飬˺ѷεĲҽġ
һжá
ɶСƴˡ鷢֪ԲŹԼ볽ͬھ
ûᣬΪҵ硣˵
أ
һ˲䣬⵽˻Եѹ
鲻ӵ㲻ǳԵĶ֣Ҳ׾ܹġ
ӻɱҡЦ
ô˿Уͬһħ¾꣬ռҵĲȻˣҾͷĻ
ңɫˣˣΪ̾ǻһʧȥͽŭ𣬡Сӣܹյġ
Ѿ˲ҲܱգһҾܹΪΨһһӵˡЦ
ĲпᣬԼԵ˵ĻԼ˿˿Ϊ
㲻ɹġŭ
ⲻġԵ˵꣬ںϾꡢ־ĹĽռѹ鶯ã
ˣ
ϣԿʼҪ׵Ķȡ
롣˻𣬵޼£ֻĿųȡԼĻ
ξͺñһĿǿȥԼǮһɱ֮𣬶֮ޣһҲҪŭο飬½۷Ĵڣ
౾ԴԼĶ⣬ȡһȻҲ׶ˣοһжֳɵģֻԼʹöѣͺñռȵ
ֻԱΪĨɱ꣬Ҳʱ򲻽ȡĲԴ
ʱԾͬһ缢ƿʵӤϼȡ⣬һ
ЩԺù
ԽԽֻʣһâ
磬һжϻйע
סˡϻ¶ο֮ɫЦ˵ӼһĽõ
һĻԵ
ϻүүүү˵ʲôȲʵ
ûˣ¾Ѫϲʵ
šϻúͷ񶼵ͷ˵ٴζȹһѹء
̫ˡ¾Ѫڸ˻Ҿ֪ӣˣһȥġ
ڳԵľУԽԽֻʣһ˻һɣ
ֻǣδţ˹ҲںϽԼԴʱгɣԴﵽ۷壬ֲǳ
ͬʱļ䣬ҲԴա
һζιϵļڳԵԺ֪һУΪ֪ԵʣҲֻ֪һ֣һ֣ڳ˵Ҳһɲļ䣬һʱ䶼޷ڻ㡣
ǱһԽܡ
óԾϲǣУвͨѧһЩҪ֪ʱ½е磬٣½Ի͵ʱ˼컯ܡ
ԣǸʱĽͨˡ
һ̶ϣȷϻǶ֪ͨҪ
ԣڳ˵һĻԵֻһжԼġ
ȻҪǣȡ֮
Ϊ𾪵ġ
𡢲ࡢޣԽʱռ䣬ҲֻѣܹõһѾĻԵ񳽻ȴǵõѾ޷ˡ
ֻǣԲδΪ֪ģǴ϶ȡģҪڻͨڻ㣬˲ܹ粻һ㣬ʹ
ۣ
ڣ鱻ԳһУļ䣬ȡ
һ仰Ϊ˼¡
ȻһгԶЩⶼֵõġ


1001 ֮·ֹ
ৣৣ
ȥϢɢ˫ۣĿ磬նˡ

𣬶ʱһɺƴĽϢɢ־Ĵ⣬ľӵǿվͷ·һˣһľһ㣬࣬޼᲻ݡ
ǽ
ʱգڳԵϣȻչֳһڽʦơ
ֽչ֣Ȼɣ޹ͷ·ɣûһ˿Ĳг
ȣ
ͻȻһȣ𣬾ͬһ޽ն£ⱬӿ買ǳ䵽ϣǰĲӿԵϡ
ǵ
֮棬½ǿ壬Ȼˣĺǻڣ̺ҲǴþˣ񳽻ԾҪԼ޵ĹԼʡ
һֶ죬޵Ľ
ȻֽʮֵĲףҪԴҪĻԵֻһĻᣬԶҪΰס
ڴѾ˰¾Ѫ
ûм޵ģֻܲҽܳΪǿߡ˵
ǰҪǿ־ĻԵѾ߱һ㣬ǿ־ڻԵͿ컯ˡϻ˵
ֱǿˣҲҪǿĴ۾ųԣС˵
ǺǡϻúͷһЦ

ڳϣϢ£Ϲͣ಻·Զɺһ㡣
̫ͬһޣȴ̫ǿ󣬵Ѿں̫ҲǴ˼̵ĻΪ׼Ҳࡣ
ǧɵǲƴҲաǵ᳹֫ٺÿһѪ⣬ÿһͬһ㣬ڸǿ
ʱ仺ţ֪ȥʱ䡣

ʱֻѾʮ֮˾ţֻʣһδ
ԵҲ̺ͬˮһ㣬·Զûֹ
ʲδǿȻֻʣͺ޷һ㣬ڿ͵ա
֮·ֹ
ԣԼţʲյ㣬Ҳϻáԣﵽǵһ졣
ϣãֻҪϣԾͻȥŬ
ʱȥ
ڣǱȫա˸⣬ɢĹԣԶԶȥͺһһ㣬˼㣬ǣ
Ȼûб仯񾪵
ǰ̫ˣ̺죬һʣ¶ܹףףȴδѵǼ޲ɣϻþɵ
Բǡҡͷ˵ֻǲ֪İˣ̫֮ǲ֪Ķ
ҲĴڡϻõͷ˵
ӣϲ
ৣ
ԿһΣһ˺ѿ䵽ߡ
ϲˡ¾Ѫݵ
ӡ򳽻ԣ΢졣
߰ɡЦЦϻúͷ˵
ţڣٺöֻǲ֪ʲôطͷ˵
ǿ»档ϻó˵
⵹Ǹ⣬ܲȫۼһǷֿĻ˲ǬɱǡԺЦ˵
ϻЦ
ߡԵ
һ˾߳ڣ
񣬳Ϊͻʦھħֻһ磬սʤһΪӵ׽־ʣⲻħܹġ
һ棬µĽռں˾ͽ־ǰԪǿ˲֪ٱ
ңµĽռ䲢δ̺Ԫǹؼ
Ԫγɽռ䣬ƶֵٶȣµĽռ䣬ȴǾ磬һʹһǾ񹥻ͬն
ͽԪˣĬĬ
һ·Ҳתеͨͽвطʹͨеͨ岻֮ܣԪʩչǿ
һ㲻õģΪں̫ںԪѾ̺Կŵ˵һ̶ϣԪ̺Ӵ飬Ϊ
ȣѪ⣬Ѫϣʤһ塣
Ȼһ壬ָ½һ壬ϾֻΪ֮֮࣬ȻбӸߵȵĴڡ
ڳ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ȻܹĶһͨǻԳԵһֱǲѴ֮
ֻһ֣ڳ˵Ҳ޾ڶʱһ׵顣
ԣֻѡͨͨͽļ䡣
Ͼսĺ÷Ȼܴ
ֻһԾ𾪲ѣΪЩ֣ͨһ⣬ƷͨҲ˵ͨ͵ȼƷ
ֱ̫ˡ
ļ䣬ڳ˵ֱһ֪ʶ⣬ΪԴһ磬Խ½˽ⲻ磬ļ䣬ͬһ㣬ԸоԼľ˲١
һ̣ͨļ䣬ļʶñϻúͷҪ
½֪ǰĴڣʱ½Ǵһ۷壬ʢǿƣ½ܱ߼н綼ϵϻúͷ½Ѿڣ˥½
һУɱ⡣


1002 ļ
컰˵̰ãԳԻһ
ѡͨѡԼϵģȻԾӶ࣬Ƕͨ
ЩͨһⶼʮָߵȣǻʼƷĵƣǵۼƷڣԳԵΪһ׵飬ܣΪҪйΪ
һ㣬޶˳Եѡ
ԣֻѡ˼ԼĿǰϵͨ
ǻûйҪ󣬶Ǽѧʽѧײѧ֮ܡϵѧһһ꾫ں꽣ЩƷƷѧҪͿ
ΪʼѧͨͱҪй֮Ҳ˵ȵͻ߽ʦ֮󣬲ܹ
ʱ䣬ܹȵţò˶೤ʱ䣬ܹͻ߽ʦ
ϾĽ־ʣѾﵽף㣬Ѿߵʦǰ档
һ㣬ľضܹȡ
֮У˶СĽʵȻˣļľصȴǲ磬Ҫ֪ļϣǿǿߴڣ˲Ǭܷǣ˵
ԣһлǽΪ
ݸ󣿡ʱѾģﶼһЩӵͬһ㣬ӵв֮࣬ΪĴӪȻҲ⡣
ߡƿţС
Ȼвݡϻ˵
ܣԶʱ۾һ߸˲У洢ݡ
ܿ쳽Ծͷ֣õĸӶǿյģԵԭõѾߣµװõݣҲ಻ǺݣЩʧ˵󲿷ֶˡ
ȻߵٴæöҲµġϻ˵СҲ⣬οϲ٣
ҲǡһЦȫȡ
ˣҲвѾݣοôʱ䣬ҩҲǿ˲١
⣬Ϊ˲Ǭ󣬽ȫʯѵòˡ
Щݶڵ˵Ҳ˵ѩ̿
ˡ
Ȼ洫һȡ
ո𣬾ͼӰݸ
ԣص彫һϳ˳ԣɱ¶һ˵֪̫ͨӵºλү
ǡһӦ
սپ
һץ齣УһհνֻⲻٶȻһ磬۵һͽһ˺ѳ롣
ˣסǼɡһȵ
һ̣˾ͳֳ̬볽Ӳƴ
ϧ񳽻ʵǣħںϣսҲֱƶŽʦοֻͨżǿߣ
ৣ
һ³棬ղ䣬ɱ飬ص彫
һ
ۣۣۣۣۣ
Ȼǵʵ޷ֵס£͸ǵ壬׾٣ѪȾ档
ߡȡ˵Ĵ󣬳Զϻõ˵
ܿ죬˾뿪ǰѰұ
̫ˣİݺᣬĿݺύ˵ԹҲΪһûʵĵôһˣ֮ͬеĻʹ
Ӫûһ̺Ϣ̫ʮֵУϿȼ޾Žʦܹĸ֪ϢĲͨп̲ر
һ㣬˼ı
οĲ־ͬЩһ㣬ǲȵطһĲùɣֹͨɣȻͿɵҵء
⻹һ㣬̲ļ䣬ݼ֮ойֵļ䡣
һԾҵ˹Ĳü䡣
ԭǵ޽ģвٶĽ顣
һԾͬԼҵĺ԰һ㣬ᳵ·
ռȥѰңҵ˲ٺö伮ҩ١
ȴûҵһʯЩϧϾϵʯǲˡ
һ룬ԵǰԹԼ̫̰ˣһУջľͻʦõ˻Լļ䣬һ˵һıء
һ޼֮ʯҲύ
ǰˣϻ˵
ߡɱһ˵
ԣһͨһһʵ̤Ьٴȫѹû뵽㾹Ȼοӣ
磬ø˵ôϻֱӽץˡһӰץ򳽻ԡ
ˣǴġļ󣬶޺Ȼڡ
ץס
󡣡û˿ԥԶʱһϻϣóǬ֪ȻԼͻʦħһҲ֪ӵнӽ޵оŽʦʵѣ¶þҲֻʤ֮еһˣҪɱȴǻС
ңλϣսǿ߾Žʦ
һ㣬óԲҴ⡣
Ǭ󡣡ŭ磬硢ĵܣһ֡
áûоܾȺǿĹһںļ򣬹񱩷ǳĵ⻡˺򳽻ԣκ·
߶󡣡
ˣɫһû뵽ļƻԭɱһ˵Ĵ㣬ɱ˾ͼ򵥶ˣڿȴϣˡ
ϻá¾ѪҲҴ⣬׷״ٶԪ󷨵
ˣ
ڴʱļȽġļӿƥ
أ
Ҳи̼һԺ˳ȥչֶ̫ͬһ㣬໥棬ɶҡײļϣȻ¡


1003 ļ
ʲô
ļ˴һͻʦˣ
Ҫֱ֣ӽˣһԣֻ˵ɱ˵
֡
ļһ
ͬʱļ˶һļںϹһͬһ磬ӵ˴ﶬļ
ͬѰóļߵĸо
ĳ
쳤Х֮֮ӿ֣ںһ޾Ϣɢľÿһ궼ߴɣֵĳ򳽻ˣţϫ֮һ콵纣˷һ㣬أԭҰ
¡¡
ʱռɹ𣬲ĥЯѹȥ
ɱ
Ҳôƽģһһ£̺Ǵ򣬳˵
䣡
ײһɽѣҡΣ·һ㣬ȻռϷ磬ѹĹ
ʲôļ˼˳һ̴ٶǿɱС
ȴδ⣬һƽǬ̺ɱ¾Ǭʵ֮󣬴߶ȻͬСɡ
ɶŶã⳽ԾͻʦˣԶңսɫ򳽻ԵĿڣ˺⣬߹󣬱𳽻Բ֪˶٣ȴ࣬ԼϡƽҲʦֱɱҪʹࡣ
ɫ粻˵ʲôǬȻôļʧܰɣ
ڶ޵Ǻ޲óԲͽͷ֮ޣֻһһı֣֮ӹöʮֽܲˡ
һΣļһ֣Ͽǿ߾Žʦһ֪Ծͱ֣֮޿ɲ̫ļϾͳԴ򽻵һˣ˶ɱԣÿһζѡ
ö޿ʼóЩ졣
ԣݲ롣
㣬ް۲죬һļ֮ƣܡ
Ϊ֪ԼɱԣҲɱԼһлᣬԲŹԼڸողųΪԪʥӵĶ˵סҪġ
ӱʮδ
飡飡飡
ͬʱļ볽˴սֻԪӿϼ䣬Բãɫʵ׷׳֣ļɢһ˿Ϣļ¡
ɱ¾
ڶɱʩչ糤죬ɵֵɱһ
ءһ
ֻļ˾˳ȥ
磬Ǭ̫ˣץסӣ붯ļ󣡡˵
ãļ󣡡
󣡡
ͬʱȣġļͬʱ֣ʮɫʺ硣
֣һɢ֮һɰӿֶΪģ˷ȥںһĵ֮С
ģͳһȣһ֮⣬ӿȼգΣϯ
㣡һ˫ϯɫɢһ˥Ϣӿ֣ġ
ݷɢһɱϢ˫һУѩ٣ѩ磬ΪģѩһƬԪѩף뵣עġ
ļʱһ
𣡡
ļȣļɫӿͬ⻷һ㣬ڰУһʱһںļĲɢϯ˻ϣ·ѾƬس忪ˡ

ģ


һһȣļֻأļһչֳ֣Ӱ쳽˵
ļ˵һų꣬׳꣬ˣļһеĸΣӳɳ
ֻأ
ļǿó˾ͺֻ֮УԼֻأԼ޷ֹ
ԣɣ
ļλȣ񱩵Ԫӿӳϣ
Խ޵оŽʦﵽǿߵز
¡
Ǭ𶯣ɽ緢ɽпµӰ
Ѿô򵥣˾ʮֿ¡
Ȼ˶һ˿ɱġ
ۣ
ڵĿռֽͬɵһ㱻˺ѣɱ¾˲䱻ѹ
ãһСϻɫһߣ
Ǭɱ
Ȼȣǿֹ׽־ٶڵȫԪˮϯԭҰһ㣬ƥռ飬ӿƬռ籩֮Ƴ
ϻҲˣΪǶоļǿ
һ̺ɱ¾ӿļ
¡
ļѹϣʱ籩纣Хɽرѣռѣ־ڣ𲻾ڶ֮
ءһ
ǬһҲ޷ֹļ˵ļ󣬱񱩵ѹһ޷ݵļϯˣʹ;񹥻һ߶ʮֲֿ
䣡䣡䣡
ʱǬҡΣ·Ҫ
ֵסϻôȵ
Ҳɫһļʹ£ľȴʮϬ˸޷ֹϻúͷǲõģ¾Ѫȴǲֵ֪ܷס
Լ˥ɲκ˶ܹܵģ־ߣǰһ
ӣܡСӿһĨ԰ף촽綳ϣڲ
𣡡һߣ¾ѪŤȻҧ⣬һھѪǿάסΡ
󷨡һԱħ˵


1004 ֮
ǡħӦ
ݣ
Աһڽ齣һѩһĴƮ䡣
񽣣
ռ䱾Դۣһռ֮ǰٿȻһӰ֣ǽУݵһ羪쳤һһĶնȥ
ʲôļ˿ԭλõĳԣͶȻڽǰĳ㶣ʱɫ䣬Сģ

һĻ̫죬ļ˲޵оŽʦ̾ͷӦȥļ󹥻ħϻõѹ
纮ն
ͬһʱ䣬Ͷ˴һһƬɫâһƬѩ׹ӿһϯ۳һɵն򳽻ţҪ롣

̽飬۵Ƶն
ķ˵
λʱ󾪣ʧôܣ
ûʲôܵģѹľҪɱȴҪǽ£ȥѾ֪Сܡ˵ıɱһͿˡ
ã
λͷж¶ɱ⣬߶ļһֵǬһ湥Ա
ﴺɱ
꣡

˵һϯļ̴ٶļ޶ɱУɱ򳽻Աÿһɱжֹ̺ʮֲֿҪĨɱԵı
ʮֲֿóʧɫ
СġϻúǬɱ
ħϻٴʩչһУҪΪԱѹ
֮ܣ
гԴӿʱ׹£˸籦⣬һںХõóԾͺһ񣬲һһУ̺񱩡ӿ˻
ˣ
׹ͬʯһ㣬Ө͸˲Ϣڳǰۡ
һһʮɴСܳǰ
֮ܣ
ʼƷѧʱİ֮Ϊֵ𹥻Ʒ۷֮
һ̣Է·Ϊֳ֮ܣͶƣߡ
֮һ֣ʱһǿķӿ
飡
֮ܳǰɲǣһһ֮ϣʮɫϼӿǳһһĹ͸֮ܣݵԵֱϣЩ飬ȴǵֵסļ˵Ĺ
áû뵽֮ܵķǿóԲ̾һ
ɶʲô·ѧȻǿ޲ɱԣδȡóЧʱ¶һŭݡ
Ҫţ·ͨǿķȻԪֲ˶ã˵
˵ĶԣСӣҾͲܹȥƢ
ã
˺ݺݵĶųԣ͵صͷԪ籡ϼ䣬ġĴ⣬ǰδеǿƣԶԶȥͬ޴ƥԸͷ˺ѶԳΪģɱȥ
Ǭɱ
ħϻõٴʹһɱУҪӲ滺ļ˵Ĺ
أ
һ죬һɱоͱѹȴǻһ
𣡡
ļ˷׷һ𷢷ޣĴء
ͬʱԴ߶֮ܣ֮Ƴһռ佣ƿն£۵һӿ⿪˲书򣬳Ȼƽ

˲ȻŭɫݣСģ
Сŭɱ
ˣ
δ䣬һɿ񱩵֮ϯ羪κһ򳽻ԣҪû
ϻõ˼ˣ̷ǣסˡ
ݣ
һལն£ԲӲӣɫ޹覣һжڣﶼֻ࣬һ£ȴ̺˳ǿ
Сӣ̫߹Լˡݺݵ˵Ϸ㳢ζ׸߽ʦ֮㣡ǹ֮ͨΪý飬߶ͨ

һвɽѣ춯أֻһɵɫ紵ϯա
ֻǣôһɫ䣬תΪһ磬һ䡢ڳϣߵͷĸо
㣡ʹ̺˾󹥻
Ŀ֮
࣬࣬ﲻ࣬նԿ𣬺ڷŭ裬ңɫԣӣ޹ϾһʹȥԵĲﳤ棬պÿơ
ʲôʱɫ䡣
ãܣ
С磬Ϸ㲻ݣ
Сס֣㲻Ҫ·
˼ɫҲһ䣬Ⱥ𣬷Ԯ
ϻúħǵóѣٴηǬɱ
ˣ
Եľ磬һ籩һڳ˿ռ䲨ľ֮۶ݺݴľ硣
Ǿ񹥻¶죬ЦСʦΪҲҶϷ޵оŽʦܷ񹥻޴֮˵꣬ԥ۾Թȥ
ôЦ
ţһͻһõԤС
ۣ
һ˲ľ񹥻飬ֻǱһնϡ
ɶ׽־ʣôܡɫ䣬ң
˭ҲȲ㡣һȣ֮ʹ̶ڿռ侫֮档
ܡ˷

ݣݣ
δ䣬ռ䡢֮ľ磬ʱֽľ磬ĥУʹ಻ңʶ𣬶ʱԪںУӣصһ߽֮⡣


1005 վ
ལ£
Ѿ׼ĳԣ类ͬʱʹ߶˲౾Դʹ
ۣ
ལȥǵɫĻնϣǧѪһ죬˳ȥ
ءһ
ɳȥһ˲ļ
䣡
ԱħϬٴϻõʩչǬɱ
䣡䣡䣡
ûļ󣬴˵ʵҲ޵оŽʦǬĶ֣

һȴһ롣
磩˾һ㶣һ˲˻𣬿򳽻Ա˫Ŀӿ˲ɶֹɱ⣬׷ŭ𣬡ɱ
ݣ
ֳ齣˶ħһʱȣ߶󷨣ûļ󣬴˾ûжԿǿ߾ŽʦǬʵȴǿɱǡ
ңסǣҲ÷ֹѵķ

ϻɱ¾һȥ
ʲôˣôһԹսĶɫ䣬ҡ촽ѣ˵Ҿ֪Ҿ֪Բô׶ԸģĸϼһﲻţһԹҡ
˵ţĴˣɫ粻СӾԲŹϼһģϼһҲӲˣˣұ뿪طû˾ȵҡ
ڶ׼ߵʱ򣬴ޣ湥ǡ
޾һӲŻ˵ʵ΢°ﲻǣھȥ֪̫ͨӵǡ˵꣬ȥת۾ʧ
ޡŭ˻ź𣬡ϷĲ㡣
磬㲻Ҫˣⶫ޾һ̰֮ͽɫҾͲƾ˵󷨣
Сһƣڡȫð⣬Ⱥ̣
ߣһ˵ϧûˣ
ɱ¾
Ǭɱ
纣ХɽֻԪ˰㷭糤һ㰿裬ɱȥ񱩵ɱ¾Ҫɱˡ
ɶ񣡡
˷׷״ŭվһ𣬻ǣ߶Ժȥ
䡪
֮֮򡢶֮͵Ļֻ֮ûļ˲ͱûͬһҴ󷫴Ʋһ˻һ㡣
أ
ֻ˾Ǳɨȥ˺ۣѪ
ɱ
ٴδ߶
˾
ۣ
Ȼûֱ֣ӽ˺ɱ˵ʵȻ޵оŽʦڣûļʵڿۡ

˵Ĵ䶼ȡϾǺȱʯġ
뿪Լæ˵
ৣ
һһ߶ȥ
ûвһչֻҪмֵĶߡ
һ·ȷʵвСջ
ʱȥһǹ˴ȴûȥ֮⣬Ѱľء
˶˵Ǿ޴в
˿ɱг𲻱Ǿӣӱ𲻸ҹ˵ʲôӱʮ겻ĻȥɣʵȻҪж֣ɱˡ
ৣ
ԿʼѰľأ޵оŽʦľⷽӳ׽־õóԵľǿƥ
ݣ
޴䡣
ԣ
ܿ죬мص彫췢˳ԡ
ľĮȻʵ
󵨣̫ӵҲֱ𣿡һŭ
ৣ
һԲ齣һն˾ͱ룬ѪһأȴɫȻٴʵľ
㡭ࡣص彫쵨һڿˮ
ৣ
һƶһأɣѪѪɺӡ
ҲһۣѸ뿪
ٴѰҡ
һƬɱ¾
ԣ̫Ʋܿ죬ľ֪±ɱϢ˫ĿѪ죬ķŭ޲̾ɱԣң̫Ӱѳҳ
ǣʮ칪Ӧ
ûҵļ𣿡һɫʵ
ûСһص
ĸϼһﲻʲô˰ɣݣüʵ
ⲻܡ̷ЦҲ˵ĸϼһﱾӵ޵оŽʦʵǿ߾Žʦʲô⣿
ˣҲòһЩϾС̫ƻˡ˵
˵Ķԣ⳽ʵôƻǱСľоâ˸΢΢˵
ߣǾͰ˵ɡһв˵

ڴʱҽ
ô£ľȵ
ৣ
δ䣬Ӱ֡
ԣɫһߣ¶˲ɶֹɱ⣬Ц˵ããã·㲻ߣ㴳վڣ
Сġľؿ򳽻ԣüͷһ壬˵Сթ
ܹʲôթϣɱ͡£ĳ򳽻ԣɱһӭҪɱԡ
ϣľػ˵
ʱػľصҲ˳һûжǰ˹侲˵±̫ӣ
˭Ҫ㱣̫ӣȥɱ˳ԣľŭ
ǣ˹Ӧ
ľɫԻ˫ۺ⡣

ͻȻоһɱӿ֣ľɫ䣬˹ʲô


1006 ɱ
Ԫ
Ȼ˹ûлش˫һһ貽ɫâӿݺľء
ľشŭ
ǣ˹̫ˣ࣬һֵֻľ룬ô̵ʱڣľظûܷӦҲû뵽һֱԼĹİ˹ᱳ
ءһ
ֻһɫӡݺľغ󱳣һѪ˷˳ȥ
İ˹Ҷ̫Ӷ֣
̫ӵ£
Ҳû뵽ŭɶ
¡
һУǳڰģڰ˹ľصһ˲̲Ǭɱɱʮص彫ֵס׷ײҽУɱһѪ
䣡䣡
ϯ˱ˡ
أأ
ľغͰ˹ҲǱȥֻǰ˹ȴţ˵ϣľȴҲˣϿȳѪ
ɶ񣡡ŭ⣬ɫݣ¶մȾѪӿ£ôû뵽ԼȻᱻԴˣһǰܵ˲У˭ǵص׹ȵ
壬ߡľغݺݿ˳һۣҲһ˵
ԣαƹ㣬һΣɾûôõˡ˲Ǳ΢ݲ䣬ºݻ
ӵ𣿡˴߶󷨣Ц˵ǸˣļѾˣҾȥǼ档
ʲôʧɫⲻܣ˵ѣ
ľغ˶ɫųԣһԲ
֪ܿǲ˵ѡЦ
壬ߡľغɱԣѾˣԼλҲˣܹͲˡ
ٶɱ󣡡
ˣ
ʱһƥϯľˡ
¡¡
ʱȻһѺ۳֣֮ڣ
Ҫˣߡľ˻
ȥŭ
¡¡¡
ڣʼһƬһƬĵ£Ϊ
ߡԴһϻõ˽ռ䣬ԼԦ籾Դȥ
ৣ
𣬷̫ͻȻˣʱ򳽻Ժľضû˶Կ˼
ɶ񣡡ŭʡɵĿ˳һۣš
Ԫ
ɫݣɱ˸׽־ԼԪһĵǰռʱһγɽռ䣬ѹȥɫ䣬ܣռ䱻ٶȴ
ݣ
罣һ嵽ǰ棬ľصӴӰ˵ľأӲˡ
̫Ӿң
ԣƴˡ
Ϊص׹ȵߣͳ˧һ֮£֮ϣôû뵽ԼȻڳϣеĲʣ֮ͬˮϴ
ྫ֮
кһٶȲȴǴ߶˾֮硣
ߣƺһЦԣɱ˱
Ҳó֣ΪѾˡԻף˵
һ㶣һɫ䣬ʶǺ¡¡յĳ壬絾һ㣬ټԶ֮󣬲ŴһĲҽ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳû
塢塪ľʹ󺰣˫Ѫ죬Ѫۣԣ̫Ĳ
ҲӲˡ
Ѫݣ
ľغݺݿ˳һۣ͵ҧ⣬һھѪתͱһѪͬʱһס쳤Х৵һ£ֻͬһѪ߳ٶȿĲ˼飬ת۾ʧ˳ǰ
ߵ
ҲûͣӿٶȣӶݳȥ
ৣ
ڳħںϣз籾Դ˳
¡¡
󷽣£ΪһƬ̣Ͼ졣
ܣȻľصӰȻѪҺϢѾ֮ڣǳ֮ȥ
һ·ϡ٣ѿһߣŵݣѾصռ졣
ɱľӻݣҲûֹܹԡ
ৣ
ݣ붫ݣҲѾصռ죬ÿһԪȡɱ¾֮
ˣץסһԪˡ
ǳԣ˶
ʶҾͺãڸңռɱ¾֮ʲôãȵ˵
ǲ֪һҧ˵
ۣ
俴һۣ˵һӣͷ䣬һͷʬͳ⼸˽¡
⼸ȴɫ䡣
ңǶҪԵ
ǲ֪һ˵СӵĶӳʦΪ
ۣ
ɱһˣݺݵ˵ѻ֪ɣ
ԣĲ֪Сӳ˵˵Щɱ¾֮һ󷨣ʲôõģֻмλ֪
ˣ
ȻţǿȻ䡣
˲ҽһ͵ڵϣϢȫˡ
Ĳ֪ԾɲҪ֪Щɱ¾֮ô
ৣ
󣬳ץһӺˣһ
Ǿز֮
ʱ䣬Դӹȣݡ
һʱԲŽ֮ؽ磬ȥ˷ǵصӣֻɽڵֵӱĵطǱ֮
֪ͨ˵ˡ
Իˣ֪Իص֮˶֣ӦԽ֮
λǰԱȭЦ
ͺáЦǻˣСŮѿǺܵ㰡
ѩǣΡ
ص˵ɡ
һһ˾ʯ塢ϵ֪ԻʮָˣȻ˵ȻŷѩͷǶŮǼԣסòƽ


1007 Ԫ
ˣзģһҪúñǡ
硣óҲˣֻǿųԱλɩӣһ죬ûǰ
û£Ѿͷ㵣ˡɿŮǰų̵ԴЦ
ߡһԹԼ磬ﻹǺܸˡ
ԼˣǺһЦ
û¾ͺáЦ
š԰Ŀһۣ˵İɡ
ԱߵŷѩͷǶŮȻһЦΪҲϲ̡
ǰô֮󣬳ѯʵ
ԣ˶
ֹֻܲۡ̾ɽţڼ޵Żڿ֧š
ǰʵ˶Ϊڲܼôʱ䡣صͷ˵
Ϊʲôüʵ
صӵĹȻң̫ûжãԪǱҲûжֻռɱ¾֮ؿ˲һۣ򳽻˵絣׼һ¡
ȥ˶ԺȻ˵
ʲô˶ǳһ
Ǳص׷ɱȥġ˵صԼԪһڣҲչɱ¾֮ץסСѰʣʲô֪
⡭ԣɫأãǲ˵ȷʵ׼ʲôֶΣ򲻻᲻ٽ
ôüʵ
ǰԪ˵ԪһλͨߣԺȻ˵
Ԫؾ
ֹһλνļ˷ץҡ˵
㾹Ȼ˳سһ˵Ԫĵ޵оŽʦеļԪ֮ף˺ǿ߾Žʦһս㾹Ȼˣ
Ѿˡﲻ˵
ʲôһΣ𾪣춼һˣ
ɱǡ˵
⡭һۣһһ̫˼ˡ
ѾͻʦЦ
ǡ˱˵ʦļ˿ɶ޵оŽʦû˵ͼϵˣԣղǸ⣬ôʱ䣬Ҳ̽һԪ˿Խɻ󡣡
ɻ󣿡üͷǿ½¸صĴܣܹɻɲ򵥡
ֻǵͷ˵Ԫĵȼƶȣִ¡֮ϲǻһְ޵оŽʦĴڣǿ߾Žʦֻʮϡ٣ԪҲֻǷ˶ѣǡ
˵һ٣Щͳ˵ǿ߾ŽʦѾǵ½۷ĴڣΪҪԪĵ
ԹʵΪֵܻԪĵǳԽǿ߾ŽʦĴڡ˵⻰ˣǲ죬ǲء
ʦʯ˶һʧ
ֻǻɣʵҲһɣʲôܹǿ߾Žʦذ˵
ΪԪĵδʦԿˣ˵ʦĻǴҾͲỹˡ
ϷҲΪ˵ԣΪԪ֮ռɱ¾֮йء
λصǰʦΪˣڻָԳ˵
ⲻܡ˵ûܹͻʦôʦأʦߵԪֻǧ꣬ΨͻԪ
Ԫռɱ¾֮ΪõָΪǲò²⣬ҲֹʦΪվһۣϣʯ˵Ϣ˵˳
⻰϶
ʯȫںףʵǷʮ޵оŽʦҲĶ֣Ŀδ֪½ģһɣʯǰǿߡ˵ˣôԪĵҲܡ
̫ˡ𺳵
Ҳ˵ò޵Ȼ˵Ϲ֮ʱзӡܹ֮߷ӡӻ˽δӤҲзӡдʮϰų
磬⡭غͲ˶𾪣ɡ
ĻôԵƲҲ޿ܡ˵ֻ̫ˣΪʵôԪĵĻָ֮ҲԶˣǱֹһ䣬˵ն
ôֹʵ
ǰǸ֪Ԫĵ˵
Ҳҿ԰ҳԺȻ˵
ʲô˶򳽻ԣɲ
ԵȻһЦ˵ԪĵңļģֻǱɱˣץҵĻҾͿΪն
У̫Σˡ
ǰԪɥĲǵ϶Ҳòȥ㲻˵
취˵
ʲô취ʵ
ԣغͲ˾
̫Σˡ쿴򳽻ԣ̾ǲգҪ֪縺ʹ
һ֪ЦʵҲ³ç£֮ǰһὫΪ߽ʦƿعλǰҲӦ֪ļĴڣ˲ңǿ߾ŽʦԳ֡
ʲô㣿˵֮Ǳȷ
±ǣͨҵԪ˵
ǡɳɵ
ˣ̴ӵз˲졣


1008 ͻ߽ʦ
ʲô˻棿ʱɫһߣʵ
ϷԡԵ
һ⻰˳һۣͷ˵ãͰ˵
硭غͲ˼æֹܿͶ¶֮ɫӦǣ
ԣ磩ŷѩͷǡ̶һǡ
ǷģϼһᱣóԵģԷŮ˵Գ˵ȽסԪ񾧣ͻ߽ʦ
д⡣Ц
áͷ
⻹һҪ鷳λǰԺȻ˵
ʲô£ʵ

ȡӡһֻѪŷ˵˳ڵУǾһ㶣򳽻ԣ֣
ݣ֮ǲλǰЦ
ʲôŷ˵˶һû뵽Լݣ
ԣǡŷѩɻʵ
ԺǺһЦŷ˵˵˵˳
ԭˡŷѩ˻Ȼͷ
Ǿס°ɡ˵
лǰŷ˵˶ݵ
ǰذΣʵλز֮ûмذεԳдһʡ
һطҪ˶೤ʱͻˡ
ã˸ˡ˵
šͷ
Դŷ˵˵ľסطʶ
ΪʱҪĹϵԽʶ󣬾ŷѩͷԼ˵
Ȼ֪ӵз֮º󣬶־ȡ
ٲ˳Խһ
ৣ
һħԣЦǿԷˣ
һģһŷѩ
ҾȻˣ̵ɴ۾ҷֲĸģĸǼٵˣ
ǺǣġԱЦ
һ㲻ͬģ˵ϢϢһıǽƫڰһ㡣
ħӵеǰħ塣Ա˵һΣǰȥǣͨԽһϢǡ
ҲҪСġŷѩֵĿ˳һۣ˵
ǡǲں
šҲͷ
ˣʱţҾȱչأȡЩͻ߽ʦ˵һħڱ
мɰգǵʵ
ʮɡЦǰƷԪ񾧣ǲõġ
šŷѩͷǣó̶ͷ
һЩ鲼º󣬳ԾͿʼչأ߽ʦ
һ磬ѾѾãϾͽסнס߽ʦƶʦ磬֮ĲǾ޴ģн߽ʦ֮Ĳ࣬ݣǹĿ¡
ԼƿĿ¡
ʣԳɾ߽ʦʵʮǰٱ
һжδ֪ġ
ৣ
һֻһīľʯ˳ģȻԪ񾧣˾һ֣ɢһǿҵĻʣԪ񾧵ߣҪԣǻ
ڳҲʮҪģΪԴ桢硢ࡢռ䡢Ψл汾Դͷ籾ԴСɣ籾Դ򲻾ã⣬汾ԴǳıԴȻҪ취汾Դ
ȻԴ֮⣬л
ࡢޣǰ֣ҲԼΪնԪԭ
࣡
˫һգ̷Ԫ񾧣壬ͨ뵤

Ԫ񾧸һ뵤ʱԸоģȼһȵĻ棬Щܡ
⣬Ҳһɰϯڵ֮С
ˣ
һ˲䣬ڵԪͺеˮϹĵ
ͬʱԵƤ̼ɫͬһѻȼգϵ·ͱһ˿˿߶û£ȵϢӶչҶ޵ģ·һ¯
һͼл£ëڷһһ㡣
ɲ֮䣬ȫǻ棬·Ҫȼһ
ֻüͷһ𣬻ƶСĺ鲻ð𣬵̱żʹ
ڣԪ񾧵ҲԽԽСлƶСˡ
ˣˣˣ
ԵҲԽԽǿɫɫɫɫԳڳڳܣȻԴȴȾڵڣ·𲻱ǿѹơ
ڵԽԽԪҲԽľ⣬ͬˮһ㣬гԸͬһս
ʣʣʣ
һ̣һܽԽޱȣ
ģԸоһƬûһ˿룬ͬˮһ㣬޹Ͼ
ʱԶ֪ԼѾһ״̬
ԴܻƣɢԵʶĿǳһжԵʮƽ͡
һУóԷ·оıãγɣصһһгзףһγɵḶ́ʮֵǿҵĸ

ǹ
컰˵ймҹ棬й
򣬾еĻͬһ棬ҪгԴȥһҲͬĵ
ԳУ

ʱ仺ţԶ֪ȥ˶á
ˡ
ͻȻԴ붯һ磬ڳܣڣڵ
䣡
Դ볽Եʱһǿҵһ˲䣬Ծ͸о˾ʵӡ
߽ʦ
һ̣̤˸߽ʦ֮С
࣡࣡࣡
ʱ򣬵ڲϹĵԪţԴԪҲֻʣһɳ٣ȴ̺һǿҵĻһ˲Ծˣλ߽ʦҲԴĴڡ


1009 ռƻ
Դƣһ𣬳˫ƳϣԴ⣬ڱչһơ
СɻԴͣϼ£͵ر˺Хɽͻгɡ

ջܵĻԴ˫ۣ¶ϲɫһԴҲֻз籾ԴСˡ
ȻҲԺҪһԴϾԴһҪгɣɲһ򵥵顣
ৣ
վԸоһǿڲʦ֮ʱǿʮֹǾﵽǿ߾Žʦĵز
ڣԴҲӵ
ʮֿµģϾһôԣһϵʦܣʮϡٵģǵ󣬱ϾԽ󣬾ԽӰʶ츳ھˣҲѡ
ôͿ󣬳ʮֺ顣
ԣͻƸ߽ʦѰͻƣǿʮֹͬߣǰû˿вͬһ츳ףŴ˵ˣֻ̫ˡ
¶΢ЦԴ򿪱չң˳ȥ
ԣڳˡŷѩͷǶŮȴѾã߳׷ӭȥó˵Ĺϵʮֵĺá
硣ҲС
ǵˡʮָжԼˣ˽Ͱ顣
û£ͻˣŷѩʵ
ڷǺͳϣĿУԵͷʱһƬ
ˣλǰ˵ˣһչس֪ͨǡ˵
ȥˡԵ
ҲȥŷѩͳЦ
߰ɡҡҡͷȴûоܾʵϳҲ֪һȥԪ˳֣Ԫ֮¡
ܿ죬һ˾ʯ
˺ȻѾǰһЦȻҲ˳ͻ߽ʦһ¡
ԣͻ߽ʦʵΣ쿴򳽻ԣɫϣʵ
һ⻰غͲҲ򳽻ԡ
Ӧ޵оŽʦһƽ
ȻѾµ˳⻰Ҳһ
áĵͷ˵Ѿ֪ͨɽšڵȼţǴӦǲ̫ϳ飬һ㱻ԪץסǾͻڵλãȷԪ֮ء
ǰȷҵλãɻʵ
ͨ飬ڴмɣʾλáƣĺȻһŰӨӨӣһ㣬ȥҲûʲôرĵط
Խӹ飬һ£ͷŽС
㿴ɫƽгһӾӣкȻһԲ㣬ǳڡ
ǾͰǰ˵Եͷ˵
ԼҲҪСġƻĹؼڣԪ˿ǹⱻץסġ
šԵͷ˵һὫϵңҲ֪ͨҵλá
áԴϲ˵ҲǶһ㱣ϡ
飬ϣ֪ԽԽáԵ
һ֪һۣͷ˵׼һ䷿ݣķס
áԵ
ܿ죬鰲׵ħڲ֮ɳԱɽԪע⡣
ȻһжѾ˷Ԫռɱ¾֮ɲʿʦܹͬ飬ĻֻǳһˣΪԪĻɣϾҲǴˡ
οŷѩͷǶŮԼó̺󣬳ԺͲʿɽ
һжԭƻС
ʿڳңʿһһӷֿҾ
ڵصӵķ£Ե뿪˲֮
ʱݸռɱ¾֮Ԫ˴ڡ
ۣ
һͶһԪˣȫɱɱ¾֮
տʼδԪע⣬Ͼȥһһƽ飬ʱƣ֮ڣʮԪĺС֪ȻԪע⡣

ͻȻһ磬ǧء
¡
ֻȻһ޹⣬һֻĦӡϿ򳽻ˣ̺˷Ľ֮
ˡ飬齣ն˫죬һͽӡ롣

ԿԶֻʮӰǰˣ޵оŽʦΣˣִ¼Ĵڡ
ߡԺȵ
˵գ罣һʿں
ܣһ£һĽ£ء֮糱ˮһӿ֣ȻȻ֮ԳأҪһɱ

ʿ⧲֮£δܶڽ֮¡
ɶ񡣡ɫɱ
ԣӣǰִɢΧס
ߡԻʮһۣ˵ԪͦҵİȻǲִץң
ԣļڣһͨŹһ̤٣һ㣬ʳԡ
˭ʵ
Ҳ޷Ԫͨâ˵
һڵӰ
һŰ׹ԵӰ
һɫʵӰ
֣ǲŻشңȻܹһ㡣˹˵ʲôļܲңѾˡ


1010 ɱ¾
ʲô˾һˣ
ˡԵ
ɶ񣬱Ҫɱ㡣
ɱ
Ӳˡ
˶ʱŭɱӿ
ס֡ʱ򳽻ԣ˵Ҫǵǵ˵ţԳ˵ԣļӦ޿ˡǵϧţǽԪ־ܰɡ
ٷϻ֪ôɱ¾֮ʲôأھ̸ңͳͳ˵
󵨣


˲Ȼŭȡ

ͨţһ̫絶һ£˺ͰִһԹӿ֣Եÿһ·ס޿ˡ
ʣ
罣һ񽣣ʣ糤죬ƺ֮ơ
ء
һ˲䣬򡢷׹й׵壬ѹԣ˹ɶŽʦں
Х
׳죡
дӡ
Žɲ
Ž
ָͨӿǰнû֮ơ
ʣʣʣʣ
쳹һ쳹һƬϯӨӨĹԵǧϯأֻһ⻯һǧͨâƵξʮء
岻

һ֣춼֮һߣֻǳԻûҲ߱ǹϣΪ̫飬߱˲˼֮ͬУҲȲˡ
𣡡
컰˵ƴӻ֣γأͷ·ڲʩһ㡣
һ̣ԼҲ
צ죡
أƣ˫צ޴ڱһأݺ̽˺أ¡ͣһضˡ
أ
ķͨ޴צһͬĭһ㣬һ
쳤ХԱƵ
ʲô
Сġ
ˣ
˴ʧɫαˣǰִ±֮մһצֽͬһ㣬ķѣѪꡣ
ǧ֮⣬СλɫϢ£ɱ𣬶ɱ֮⡣
Զâأͬһ
ʵΪǿѾһ˿ǿ߾Žʦ򳽻ԣûһ飬ĵԣ㲻ǵصˡ
Ǻǣ𣿿ҲˣЦһм˵
ɶ
̫ˣҿӦɱ
ֻ߽ʦսҵȣҪһ׵顣
ԣ̫ΪˣҲУΪԼʵѾǹھ½Ҫ㣬ʵڵУһ㣬ֵһᣬĽ츳㲻Ҫ󡣡âޱ
ٷϻƾЩ˲ҡ˵
һѵƣ㣬ҲҪײâ䣬һӣ˵ץסֻҪڼɡ
ǡӦ
¡
䣬ɿ񱩵ϢסУ˴ɱ¾
һ֣繹һСһ㡣
Դӳͻ߽ʦƿعԺҲ˷סǿҪԣĻȻֻǻҲʮֿµģ޵оŽʦһߣһǿޱȵĹâ
֮У
ͬһ٣ͨ屻ĻڣòһɱкХһ֣˺ѳ룬һǰףһǺڣҪոԵ
֮
׳ͬһɽ׶ͷϿշ˫ȭ׹ӿ֣۳һͭҶ£غ·ĩսһ㡣
ɱ
֮УµĲҲǷ
Ϊйӵֻһ㣬˲СϾ棬Ҫȫ۷״̬ͲҪôˡ
Ҳóɻ󣬲֪ԪĵôǿΪԼЧ͡
ɱһɫţɫͬһֲʺ磬羪죬޼᲻ݣһռѷ֮䣬·Ҫ֧鿪
һˣǹ
־֪ԹΪʵҲΪǿ޽ӽǿ߾Žʦ

߳ͥɢ棬һŶ̾һռѷӶ۵ķȻǳԡ
ͨâվ̫£ͬһ̫һֳԽ̫ĸоʮֿ¡
ǿ
˹Ĺɱ򳽻ԣ˵ȻǿᣬûйвĴ
ӦڰĶҲ̫µĶӦҪסҪѵöࡣ

أǧɵϣǿ͸һ𺳸УԹ˻

汾Դۣӳ׽־ںһ壬ͷ·һӿƬĻ棬ȼվ죬ϯƣա
ۣ
ִͨײһƺƴ֮֡
һʩչ죬ɽӣƻڶ
˳һû뵽Եʵǿ󣬾ӵ޵оŽʦսˣҲӦ޴ӵֵŶ԰


1011 սĴ
˵˵ȷʵˣľƷѧͨǲƷϲ˲ֹһ֮⼴Ǿ϶ֲܹġ
ˣ
ڳȥ˹ʱһ־޴ĹâȽ𣬹âɣҫķҫ죬ҫ£֮ȫҽ
ءһ
ǵصĻͱûͬϯȫϨһ˳ȥ
߱ʲôȼѧһůֻǰʳԣķռ䳼ͷ·һ㡣
ৣ
˾ǿ򳽻ԣɫơ
ԣѧȵ
ղʩչѧһԽƷѧȻǴ˵еƷѧͳ˵ĿȫŹκϸڡ
ȵ
ôҪҾҪ˭ԵȻ·µ˵˷ָߵͣӮҾͽѧ
СӣȻȻ˵䣬㲻óѡɫһâ֯һ㣬ϯء
סȻѧ˵
׾ű䣡
ͼ¼
巽ɱ
һ𹥻ʩչѧͨҪһס
ײ
һһɿ񱩣޿ɵڳȫβɨķ֮ռݣ籩ӿط·һʱһ٣׹ϯ
¡
һ޴ӡհ£ѹŽɽ
·Σͬһߣһεǧͣһ£һӡѹ£ƿ¡
һʱ䣬ͣ
˷·Ϭһ㣬޼䣬ޱȣһһ볽Դս˴˲ˡ
ˡ

һͬڶ׹⣬ûڰȽȽҫ˷硣
أ
һ죬Ա˳ȥ
ץס
˴𣬽Χס
ˣ
ͻȻһ׿Խʡ
֮
һƥĽӹϴݶƣȻһޣʮ㣬޼᲻ݣض·롣
顱һ
һ죬ˣһΣһ˲Ľ쳹Ʋ񷣬·һ񽣣ûʲôֵܹסһ
˲
µϢܣ罣һɿ񱩵Ƶϯǧأβݣ齣ٿȻһնضʱһ𣬴ִĽǧɣ¡
¡¡
һն£ɽ嵹ӶѣľϾն·ˡ
һ̺̺˿µĻ
ޣһǰη޾壬޽нҲ档
һ̣η޾壬Ծ
ʣԷҲһ۷彣ǿߣڽȳԸ񣬶ǹڲϣŵķ·һһһ㣬ԿΪ
ڽ򣬾ͬɽˮһ
ɽɽˮˮɽɽˮˮɽɽˮˮ
ؽؽ
񣬹ȻѾﵽ˵ڶأڽϵҪڳԣһһʽ޽ʽ
οһǹ͸ӿˡ
¡¡
سһ㣬ɹţǧգ߼·һһֹһ㡣
һֻԵɳȥ
ѹ
з۴⣡
ε
˳ѹƣҪԴú޷֮
֮
ͷԶþ񹥻
Ǿ֮Сġ
̴һһץһסȫҲ۾߶֮
ˣ
ͬһʱ䣬ͳԵľ綼һ籩
˵ľȴûгǹһųԣǿѾ֮ˣһ£ǿ򳽻ԵĿ⣬˼ɵ
Ʒһ˲䣬Ծжϳ˹ľȼ
һҲһʦ
ԷȻ͹˳ԵľҪ֪ӵ׽־һ̶ϣӵмӳ־Ч˵ǳռŵĵط
ˣ
Եľ磬ͽ־ۣϴ߹ɣﵽ۷״̬в౾ԴѾܹʩչ񹥻ˡ
֮
ռ侫֮
ྫ֮
ɲ֮䣬Ծʩչ֮
䣡䣡䣡䣡
һ˲䣬˱˳ȥɫŭ˶һǿռ
һʦ˵
Сġ˵С̫ˣҪЩɲУҲǾʦЭ㣬㿴Σ
šĮȻĵͷȫŹâ򳽻˵Сǵ͹ˣͨ챾죬һҲѲˡ
𣿡Ц
ֹᾫ񹥻Ц
ˣ
ʱԾ͸оӹâϴһǿľ񲨶Ӱ쵽Լľ硣
ҲԾݵɣһרŷ·񹥻ŶЧ񳽻Թĥһ£Ͼһǿľʦһõĥʯ
֮
ѣ
գ
ǰΰâɣһƣƷľʩչ񹥻ǿޱȣһʩչʽһ˲ɣݺݵĹ򳽻Եľ磬нɰ׳յơ


1012 ŭս
ˡ
ͬʱ۾ھγһʣˮһҫ
Ǿݣ
Ʒѧ
أ
һ춯֮󣬾ݲɽʯ
ͨʱʧ
ʲôҲǴһɴ۾򳽻ԣôû뵽һСƷѧͨѾ˵ˣû뵽˾ͨѾþ˶ˡ
֪һܹΪʦĻʣһɾ͸ߵȾʦ͸Ӽѡ
һ㣬ûе½ϵѧ޶ûйϵҲΪˣɽ½ʦϡ١
˵ϡ٣ϵѧϡ٣ôϵͨ͸ϡˡ
٣Ϊô꣬ûྫϵͨ
ųԣһ˲¶˾ΣҲҪľͨϡ
ΪԿ϶˵һǧѷĻᡣ
һλԵ
Ź
ã
Ҳû뵽Ȼֵܹסľ񹥻ͷҲͺ޼ɵſֽŹ
λñ䣡
ۣԷ񹥻滻ת˵ľʶ֮Уʶϵĳ١
ˣ
һ˲䣬Ǿ˻֮С
˼ûκεֿǵΪȻڳԣھϣȴ˳ԣԼ̣֮֮κһ߶Ӧ֪ģҲ⡣
ȴڻȻʶһжٵġ
𣡺𣡺𣡡𣬾񲨶ǿң罣絶ʹҪȥ֣ϾӵƷľⷽ棬ԲռţҪԸˡ
ǹֵ˴󲿷ֻҲù
˷׷ʹͷ󺰣ڻ֮УǷ·𿴼Լ֮ʱܳЦʧܣͬһ棬޷ѣⶼΪǵľ̫ˡ
ȻڳԶԡ
һ棬־ϣҲռš
䣡䣡䣡
һĺ罬
ƣƣƣƣͬʱѾѻļ쳤ХӰ쵽ˡ
ҾͲɱǡɫһ漴ͷݣҪĨɱˡ

ʱɫ԰ף۶ڱѪҺ
һΣŤ罣׽־ɶҡﲻ֣ݺݹˡ
˶ʱҽУ
ռ侫֮
Դ𣬿ռ䱾ԴԴȪ߽ǵ
ɱ
ɱ죬ѹˣ˶Թľ񹥻
ƣ𣬳ƻ
һ˲Ĺڳ˵Ѿ㹻
֮
ֻһ֮Ĩɱˣֱͦͦ£ˤڴ֮ϣһ̯ѪҺҲɳϯҲȡ
СҪɱ㡣Ƭ̣˻
ɱ
û˵Ӱ죬Գ
ϣ쳹ͨ콣춯ء
һ֮սһ㽣һƽ޴ս
һĶԾ
ߣһǰ޽н
Ľޣ
ʣʣʣ
ǿҵĽϯԲǧ֮ڶǽХ飬糱ˮ಻
ڣ
¡
˵ͬ񽣣ײһ𣬽ϯҲ̾ǿĽϢԸоڽ־棬ڳԵġ
ֻĽ׽־ӵ׽־
⣬ʷ棬ֻףҲס
ΨһռŵľΪսϣҲֻʤһһܷսʤԣһδ֪
ƣ
ռ䣡
֮
˫Ƿ켫˲Ϣ֮䣬ʩչݺݹԣȻʾҲһʩչн񽣡ལ¡𽣰¡
ƣ
⣡
£
һɵǳɿݣ
֮䣬ϵĽԽԽǿɽһ㣬һɽһɽߣԶԶȥǶ˾ͺ޽ײ֮ݣɽۣᣬĩվ
ս
⣬Ժ͹һսס
ӾȻԽԽǿôʱ䣬ԪȻûһ˿٣ʱȥҷǵԪɺԲɡܿ죬ͷһ⣬ǾǴһʼԵԪûһ˿ļԼȴ˲١
ãȥ˵һ鼫ѵĥʯڳ˵ȴǲڽҲԽԽǿؼǣڹãҲԽԽˡ
ɶ񡣡ʱ򣬹Ҳеԭ򣬳ԼԲԭ¡
ǣȻѾˡ
ΪѾ˶Թʹ
飡
ɽն£ɽ£ѹɽʱ˳ȥ
ɶ񣬳СҪ㡣ŭֹͨ屬ըҪɾǿ߾ŽʦĴڣȻʰһ߽ʦ˳ȥһЦóԵѪϴĵĳ衣
Ѿûлˡ
ԹԽԽǿĳ罣һ㣬趯齣һն£Ϊȥݺն
䡱һ
ֻɳȥ
ۣʱһѪֽͨŹԣһ̫ǹĻһɣһ޴ķѹ򳽻ԡ


1013 
ԼɫһԸûжԸļ򵥣Ͼһսϻõ˵İûǬҲɱǣһΣԲϻǳ֣ΪҪԪע⡣
ңһս˵Ҫ
һսɾ͸߽ʦĵһսҲǿ޵һս
һսס
ǿĽڳͷĥͬĽ
ս
ս뽣Ͽգ춯ЯϽ

ڣʶ˳ԵвԼĵƣԪڵͨԹΪýϹͨ
ˡ
һϹԴ֯ʥȼգڣĹͬһǶγɹâ籩ϯȥϵ̫ڱΣȽ𣬾ͬһ㡣
ʱ˿̣ͻΪ˹սǧ
¡¡
򳽻ƶغͷ·һˣǧʱһ㣬ǧ
治
ž޲鲻ֺ汾Դ벻౾Դܵ˹ƷͨŶû治
ԴԲ౾Դͻ汾ԴΪУΣҲ֪ԿԱϣռţÿһѪ⣬ÿһÿһѪ龫⣬Ͷ֮䣬
ױȵģ
ս
һԳ˫齣쳹콣
ۣ
޽һһأâɣն£ͬһɽѹ£ռݣѣ֮һľΪ۴⣬һɽۣһɺԣǹâ
䣡
һ˵ֻ˲书򣬳ײһ޴ɽײһ㣬ɽѡ
أأ
޴֮󣬳˿֮Ľâͬһ㲻Ϣռ䶼ɷ۴⡣
˶ŶԷĿ罣â񽣣ȫǽϢɢĽԼռ䶼ɸӡ
䣡
䣡
ӳ޿ǡ
ղһײ£ó𾪹ʵҲú߾սһսֱǲţ֮䣬߽ʦдʵ
һ˼顣
ҪǣԷҲһޡ
ΪԪҪɾǿ߾ŽʦĴڣо˳ԵѹԼУԾԼǿĽޡ
Ȼڳ˵Ҳһ
˶Ҵ⣬㾡ȫһս
޽ƿǣݲֹ
ս
ս
һײǴĽһγռϷ磬ⶼ׽־ⶼùţһ߽ʦȻ־ʶԲ֮
ƾһ㣬˵½һ˶Ϊ
Ϊδ߽ԲǿصĵȻʵǿ󣬳󣬵ȷûн־ʶס
ԣ߱ܣ˵
ûʵԵ
ڵġ㣬ʵܹõģӵǿ߾ŽʦʵҲС
ѵʦʵ
ûмʵҡͷ˵֪ܹΪӵսһӵвɸ˵ܣڣֻҪ߱˵Ͷһ档
㲻ҪˡԵ
Ǻãҵġ
¡
һɽӱݣϯâһ޽â¶Ľֱ̳ѡ
ԸκʽǶģֻнڱԴĽ
Ȼ
һ

߲࣬Ϊ˫
ৣৣৣৣ
һ˲䣬
飡
ֻײһ֮·޽ײһ㡣
ۣۣ
ʱֻɳȥһѪ϶нۣѪ졣
һ۾ͿԿ˵ĸأΪڽ־ϣڳһҲΪγҪԾԭơ
飡
飡
飡
Ҳ֪ײ˶ٴΣ˶ѾˣѪϲ˽ۣͷ϶մѪ

ڣҽһ˳ȥ
ݣ
罣һ㼤۵һᴩ࣬ҷһﳤѪ
ˣ
һͨ彣ⰵޱȡ
Թˡ
žžžʱһֻһһռ侵֣߳һ׷ߣͣϣԸоһĿռ䲨
ϣȻһгɵĿռߡ
ǿ߾Žʦ
һ˲䣬Ծ͸о˴ϵʵޱȵǿ󣬿һˣ죡
׷߸Եĸо
ԣӣȻɱҲɱˡ׷ֹͣƣ˫۾ͬλÿռ䣬һۣ룬˲ҿ۾³ռ䱾Դ
ǿ߾ŽʦĿ֮
ϾԪĴ󻤷֮һȸ
Ԫĵλص
ûˣǵҪ㣬Ϸһ˰ɡȸһѽץ𣬲˵Уռ䣬ܾþͲټˡ

֮
Ϸأһ
ףŷѩǺͳ̡塢ŷ˵˶ڽȺ
Ƕܵǳԡ


1014 
ʱȻվ˫۾â˸ͳ˵Աץˡ
ǳȻѾԤϵԻᱻץߣŷѩǡ̵˶һǳԵİȫ
Ƿģʱû¡˵Ҫľڴ˵ȺǰȥԱץĵط
ǰԾͰˡǹݵ
ǰǰ̵
ǷģϷᾡóܵ˺컷һۣԲض˵ܣأͺɽźڵļλ̫ϳǰԱץĵط
СġغͲ˵
šͷ߳ʯ

ܿ죬ڵصƤӵ뿪˲֮
ͬʱɽźڵŶоŽʦ뿪һ⣬ǼĴڡ
գͺ̫ϳϻۡ
ѾԪץߡûзϻ˵ǾͰλȥҡ
áܶͷ
ߡһһ澵ӣһ㣬ǺǳԵλã½ᱻҵ
һУռƻС

ʱǰһƬڰͷ·֮С
أأأأ
ѵɲǣ߼ͬһʱ¯ųԡ
һ
߰ڷʮϵ޵񣬿ʨͻꡢȸһЩ½Ѿһⶼǻ֣ǵͷ­ȼ˵ͣɢһ˵ζ
üԿߣϢһûС
͵أ̧ͷϷ
һվӰȻйûһâҫϣһڣͷ·һħӰһ㡣
˭Լѵվʶ̽ȥʧˣ̽ⲻ˶ԷĴڣ·һӰ޵һ
졣Ӱδһʮֿն
Ԫĵͫ΢ʵ
ԳƵӰĵϣҸоɱ⡣
ΪҪɱ㡣Աһ˫۶ֳѪɫ޾ɱȾһƬѪɫ籩һ齣ն£ƿռ䣬Ҫ졣
ͷڵĳޣڵĳ޶ռ˼롣
˿̣Եͷֻһͷɱ죡
һͷڳϾѾʱգڿʵˡ

ûжֻһӣһϯ̺˿ռͷ֮齣ʱɳ
𣡡쳤ХԴܣһץס齣ͷĳŵ¡

һϯ
顱һ
ֻԾͬһ޻һ㵹ɳȥݺݵˤ˵ϣȫ·ɢˡ
ʡ
ûзη޾壬᳹ȫ֫˫齣ն¡
潣£
֮£
£
£
ལ£
ռ佣£
Դ²Ⱥһն졣

һӣ󽣰صһٴδ˳ȥ˵ϣ˵ʲô£ʩչɣ뿴ܹɱ°㣬кα죿
ھ͸㡣
һ񱩵ӳϴݳ纣Хһ㣬齣ųĥĽ⣬׽־ںϣ˫һ
һע˳Եȫ
һڽһ
ն
ն£ǳһ˿ռ䲨ơ
ףԽԽȤˡһ˵⻹δ䣬һ·ֻһһ㣬ȴƣһҲ⣬һԵεɳȥ
ۣδأһѪ䵽棬Ħ֮óʹУѵһ齣Ҳ˵档
Ϊֹô캬Ц˵
Դгɲ౾ԴӳȫѪ⡢ʱֻһë״Ӽռſ۳޹ڳǰ
һ̣޽нԿΪľ硣
ɱ
һ£ҪڵĨɱ
ñȤˡ쿴򳽻ԣڿģʮֵĹ죬·𲻾ǰ

һӣϢһĻˡ
ֻ˲ʧ·δֹһ
ʲôԶʱͫ΢¶ǰδе𾪣ǵһԲ춼δˡ
һͷ𣬲ĥ
Ȳǿ
ڳԵͷȲǿĸоƾð취޷˼ĥ
ⲻܣ
ߺܿƽʵ㾿ʲôˣ
һ޷ˡܿ죬˵ƮõԣʵѾ۲ܾˣ˱Ԥϣڶ̶֮䣬Ⱦ磬ӵ޷սһ㣬Ϲ֮ʱҲ
ԣԸһᡣ˵𣡡
ΪʲôҪڣ̧ͷŵ죬ĿƵʵң
ô·ڻ䣬ƽ˵ûйϵ
йϵ˵ҡ
𣬾͸㡣
ܡԵĵеĵͬ
ͬΪı𣿡·ѰԼַ·ʳԣЦԣ̫ˣڵ㣬ûкͱּۻ۵ʸ񣬼Ȼ㲻Ǳֻܽ㴦ˡ
ৣ
һԪӵзɳһ
ȥһӣ˵
ǣһֻһӺڰ֮˳ȻǶޣųԣЦ˵ԣû뵽һ䵽ҵϰɣ˵䣬һѰסԵԴȵߣ


1015 
䣡
ڴʱһ죬ζ
ɫһ䡣
ˣȸ˽ݵ»ɣǱСġ
֪ˡһӣ򳽻ԣЦǺǵ˵ͦİѰ·˵գĵޣ͵令ȥȸ汾ȥǵĿˡ
ǡȸͶ޹Ӧ
ৣৣ
һգۣȸʧ˴ڡ
ԣܵˡһϷʵĿųԣǳЦҰ͸令Ҫ
ôЦ
ߡŭ
ܿ죬ͽƳ˴
ͷ·Թһ㣬ԸֲڵĲ֡
ҪԪȻһ˿Ԫòˣȫȫıס޷ϻõ˹
ɫһΪεöѺԼ
·Ѿ˳Ե˼һЦСӣǲܰˣΰĵԪ˵һ߽ʦ޵оŽʦ޷ѡ
޺ٺЦ¶׵ݣɭޱȣ˵ֻҪԪסԪ;ò˷ֺȰ㻹ٶǷˡ
ޣû뵽㾹ȻԸһֻ߹ҲЦ̫߿ˡ
޴ŭһȭڳϣһѪ
ٺ٣ôˬɣЦСӣøʵʵģҪսҵԣһ֪ôд˵ţ޿ЦǣЩˣѾһˣģܿġ
һ޾ͽԴһصƫ֮ڡ
ûйߣֻа¹ʯͷ·Ƕħʵһ㡣
룬һʮɵľ޴ͭ¯滭˻ľ͸ޣʮ׶
һ߽ƫһŨѪϢѪƮѪ
ͭ¯ķĸӣ½½˽ɱ¾֮ȥ
ԼԪռɱ¾֮ͭ¯УΪ޷ʶ޷֪ͭ¯ʲô
ɱ¾֮ɱ¾֮㡣ʱһĺ񱩵Ѫζ
һѪ߽ͭռɱ¾֮ȥ
ҵȥͳͳȥҵٴһѪ˴Ҵһڡ
Ǻǣ֪ɱ¾֮ʲô˰ɣ޿򳽻ԣЦ˵
ʲô˵һΣ뷢ŵߴͭ¯˳ͨ죬˫Ŀͭ壬ƾĿ⣬ηޣСʲôϷһɣҿɲܵ˼һɱˣȱٵɱ¾֮
޼ȸһ飬æİݵȸҷ֮Ѻ
ԣȸĿʱ䵽ϣһͬһڷճԵ壬һȸУóһ𣬰ǿ
ɱļĸϼһĳԣȸʵ
֪ռɱ¾֮ʲôʵ
ءһȭڳ̫ѨϣѪݺݵ˵شȸ⡣
Ȼȴ·ûһ㣬ĿƵĶȸ
㡭޴ŭ򳽻һȭ
ס֡ȸ˵ٴδһۣ˵СӣƾݶϷ㣬ȻҪ֪Щɱ¾֮;ϷҲǲԻش㣬ȻشϷ⡣
ǡԵֹļνһʲô
⣬ɫһ䣬Сӣ˵ѣƾʵܹɱҪ֪ԪΨһһ˴ﵽǿ߾ŽʦĴ󻤷ˣôᱻɱ
޲ţ
˵ţȸҲһЦСӣ̫ˣ
ûشҵˡ˵
Ǽһ汻ɱˣȸɲ
Ų㡣Ե
СӣϷˡȸǼһץġ
˶٣ȸ˵Ȼ֪ϷҲ޷
˼ǽͽͭ¯˵
ס죬Ϸĵ̣˵㣬Թȥˡȸɫ
ҡǣ죬ͷݺݿ˳һۣ˳ƫ
СӣЩɱ¾֮ΪƳһֵҩȻҩϷǲģƴ˵ȴǿԸ㣬󡣡ȸ򳽻ԣ˵
׻ȸ䣿Ծ
ȸ˫֣֮ɫ˵ϹһĴֻһͿ½ˡ
Ϊʲôʵ
Ҳ޷㶼ǿ֮ˡȸǺһЦų˵Ϊ˴½ٵľΰĵָʵ½ǰĹ١
ӡһ⻰Ժͳ֣˵½޷ͻʦһ
˵ţĿⲻĿ˾޴ͭ¯һۣ˲ϵ¯еɱ¾֮͵һʧղ˵Ļʲô˼
ѾˡȸЦ˵ΰĵһλԽʦĴܣҪֻǽסָʵһͿԴ뿪½
ⲻܣһʱûͻʦԾ
˭ΰĵһ֮ͻƵʦȸٺЦ˰ɣ


1016 ߲
Զʱһͣ˵Ϲ֮ǰߡ
ȸǹһ˿Ц˵ƻѾﻮǧ꣬Ҫˡ
ǻһ𣿡˵
һ㡣ȸָԵ࣬һ˵
ңԶʱסˡ
󣬱Ҫ׻ȸ׻ȸѾ׼ˣͲڵˡȸͷ˵
ԣɫһ
벻ɣȸЦ˵
ȷʵû뵽ԿЦû뵽Լ龹ȻΪԼԴͷ
ٺ٣СӣԭϷһĪչû뵽㾹Ȼõ飬⵹Ϊΰĵ˼°ȸٺЦˣ㶼ѾˣҾ·ɡ
ৣ
һ̣ȸͽһץ
¡
ͻȻռһ
ٺ٣û뵽ѾˡȸųԣЦҪʧˣΪǲǵĶ֣ȥɡ

ûκεķӽͭ¯֮С
ͭ¯ϡȸ
ǡһ£ѵһ޴ͭ¯ͱס
עɱ¾֮ȸ
ǡһӦһһѪͭ¯ﵹɱ¾֮

ͭ¯ﴫһĲҽ
ȸֹЦСͺúܱɻҽĹ̰ɣ
ͭ¯ڣ˺ѷεĲҽ˲
žŰʮһ֮ԪͻɣʱΰĵͿԻָʵ뿪½ˡȸЦ
ޣڵѪҲס

磡
˴ǿߴս죬׻Ĵ󻤷δǰսԶѹ
Ϊû˲չҲһ浹ľƣֻеֿ֮һ㷴ֵûС
ÿһ˶ţǿ߾Žʦ޵оŽʦȻǵһ˵Ķ֣
ʦܣ
Ȼ˶Ըţֻһֽ͡

޵оŽʦ
һϮۣϴһߣֻ¶һ˫ɫͫףûκθ飬ӣȴһָĪĸоͺһ㣬ɽš̫ϴ϶ɫ
㾿ʲôˣԽԽľʵ½ڵĻӦ֪Ŷԡ
죬ң
˵ʲôʵ
֪֪ʲôҡҪ֪ǰѾˡ
㾿ʲôˣ϶һĨңȵ
ȥġ

һӣϯ᳹أ˿ռϵأ˶˳ȥ
죬²Ϊ߰ɡɽ̫ϴϵ
ǱѳԾȳ
˵ţһӣʹ˳Ĳҽ
ԣ˻
Ѿˣ죬߱֮ҲΪᡣϣ·Ǿ
롣챯ݵ

֣ѾˣǻţǱ뿪̫ϳϵ
ߡɽ̫ϳϵ
̫֡ϳס죬󷽻ȥ
һӲˡĵ

δ䣬ֻ̽һƬ⣬һصĺǧƻûָţƻץ죬츩ˣ£˵ӦøˣΪǱһñֵˣ
ǰˣôܣ
ܣԲܣ
㲻ƣǰˣôܻڣ
ɽڵ̫ϴɫޱ䣬ʧԲš
ֻвһ˺ˣ
ڱצ֮£ӵ𣿡ΰһƣɽϡ
¡
ǧץ£ͬһסοˣ
Ʈ죡
ɳ

ɽλ̫ϴһ𣬻ǣ׷ɱС
Ǿ޴ץ£ɱоֽͬɵһ㣬˺ѳɷ۴⡣
ʲô
ɫ䡣
ߣһ׷һΣԪϯӡ£öһֻǧɴأصһץײ

˫һӾǧ
ܣͨ׹ƣ·һ֮УԳأ˫չԲΣնʱһһ޿ڳڲ֮ϣ͵һɽ塢ľݶɡ
̫ϴ䵽棬޿һɡ
ʲô˾ɫ䣬ߣ
˵߲ˡһһУͬķּûܹΥụ̆
¡
ʱ޿֮£һɿ񱩵ӿơ硢ɽӡľɡ
ž޿£·ûжܱɡ
ʮͨУʮĴɫ˵
ʲôɽڵ̫ϴϾɫ䣬Ϲŵ
šͷ˵ġ
Ǽ٣Ǳӳȥ̫ϴȻȣϵһλȵϷ򲻹˭ҳϱλãδ䣬ʱһһһɫʣһ֣졣
áɽ̫ϴ͵ؽкãλãͨĪܣ£ҲҪС
ٶȼӿ졣첢δͣ߹ԪʮԼôšڡɽˣ֮ҲˣȻΪԱ𣬵֪Լڲܡ


1017 Ԫ
ڱǰûЦ
ħ
һƲɫ䣬̫ڱΣһ޴ڿնϿգ׼̫ϴϣͬһֻ޴۾һ㣬֮䣬˲䱻˺ѡ
ۣ̫ϳһѪٶȴ󽵡
áɫ
ˣ
̫ϳ֮ʱǾ޴ĺڶɢһȦѲƣãǰߡ
̫ϴϲҽһһͦ߷һ£صһǿռѷɡ
ѣɽ̫ϴųϺۺᡣ
̣ЦһٶҪһɲˡ
ʮͨʮףȻֻǱСɾ磬Ҳǲֵܹġ

ٶȴ󽵣
ۣ˶ʱһѪ
֣ҾͽɽˣһҪӦңζҪɽһ㴫Сɽ̫ϴȻȵ
ѣҪ󺰵

ɽ̫ϴ͵ؽ˳ȥͷ죬ͷ׷裬ƣһɿ񱩡ҵϱ
ԱҪԱ
ѣҪۺᣬ˻
¡
ɽ̫ϴǣ硢棬⣬Ŀŵͬھɣ
ɫһα˳ȥ
ء
˲䣬ɽ̫ϴԱ޾Ԫըһɻصܣϯﳤա
׻󻤷˻ź
ܣ
һ𣬵챬˳ȥǰ۳һ޴Ķƣڡ
أ
Ȼһǿ߾ŽʦԱҲܹ׾ٵֵסģһ죬Ƕ⵽ʮ鿪ݺײ˵ϣʱҽһ߷һ㵹ɳȥ

Զ˻æǰҪ졣
λδǰǧ֮⣬һѪһӣƷ˳ȥԶ죬˺֮գ֮֮ʱ
ǰȥɽšڸĨȥϵѪ˵ڲ֮˺ãԽɱϼһ
֮˼æӦ

Ԫ
ͬʱԱͶͭ¯֮Уʱ޾ɱ¾֮û׻ȸӿ塣
ۣ
޾ɱ¾֮˺ȫѣѪɽ׹ɭɭԱˣҽС
˻ҽУȫӲѣһƬһƬѪ£֫ն˻Ҳ
Ȼ׻ȸԼ޾ɱ¾ֲ֮ǳƬ֮óѪģ
ͭ¯֮ڣ쳹Ĳҽ
һ̣ͭ¯֮ڣԴͻƣһѪܵİ׹޾ɱ¾֮ѡ
Ƭ֮䣬ֻʣһͷ­
޴ͭ¯ڣû
ˣȸϲ
ѾûˣСӿ϶Ѿˡ
һˡ
֮е飬ʲô˽뻤˵ʥ
һѪ̴ƨ
ȸֹЦһ⡣
ʱ˽ʵȸԪƵôˣ
ݼ̹ݼȸæ˵Ѿˣ̷飬ЧʮֵĺãʮϣƳĵҩҲԶʤԤϵƷʡ
Ŷ˾ͺá˼ϲ⣬ȻһԣһѪ
ȸɫ䣬æǰ
û£ֻǱϼһԱ˶ѡ˵ڵǽԪá
ģһ߾ȫơȸ˵
Ҫʱ䣿ʵ
⡭ȸһ£˵ԪǻʼƷҩƵĻҪʱ䡣˵̧꣬ͷһæ˵׼㣬Ͷ볽֮ǰһ࣬ԣ¹ҪһʱͿƺô˵
ãҾ͸һʱ䡣˵ҽչˣڴڼ䣬˸ڴС顣
ǡȸæӦ𾪣ԵʵȻôصˣȻҪչˣһǿ߾ŽʦԱҲȻˣϾѾ½۷ˡ
Ȼǰǽų⡣
šͷ뿪ƫ
㶼ˣǵӰѾȡһʱｫҩáȸȵ
ǡһѪ˼æͷ
֮
ৣ
ֻһѪӰ֮Ȼǲ졣
ʲôˣ
صӽȣ׷׳衣
ס
죿Ҫˡ
ϧһдס
ʮϰص彫죬ɱд

˫ĿѪ죬ɱ¾ӿѪܵӡĳɲݣռѷص׾ӡ
أ
ĵص彫ȫ˺ѳѪ⡣
һŭǿ߾Žʦɲκ˶ֵܹġ
硣غͲ˴󷨣커֮ڡ
ۣ˷סվȣһѪ
硣ؼʲôˣôֻһأ
ȷش˼æ˵
ǡ塢ŷ˵˸оıʣӭ˳һ˻ˣɫ䣺ǰ
λԲ𡣡쿴ŷѩǡŮ˵˵ţֲϿȳѪ


1018 
ԣ磩ŷѩͳԣ˫ᣬˡ
ϣסƣٸ˵˵˷˫ۺᣬȴǿסʹ˵
šͷ
غͲ˼æڣ˵ҩ
һյȥŻ԰ֽϽֳһĨѪɫ
磬⾿ô£ʵô˵أ˼æʵ
ҲǴ󾪣죬𶯣ƽУͬһĴڣûܹ˺ϲ֮½ݸڸɵĵλ˵½һ˶ΪȻû뵽Ȼˣʵ̫˾ˡ
ġƽ˴еľ
̫ϴˣŷѩ˶ʧ
⣬ôܣغͲҲ𺧣ǲ̫ϴϵڵʵ˵ôܴϹŻڣһ꣬ʦҲܰ
塢ŷ˵Ҳ𺧣öӦʵϢ̫ˣλ̫ϳϣǿ߾ŽʦǵϹ˼顣
Ҳţû˵ѣӵʵ˵
ǰǳأǽʵ
ŷѩ̡ϵ˶졣
ϷҲжΪе֮ȼţֻʮֵһ£˵˸Ϸ˶٣Բض˵ϵɽڡţϢǣȻǽӦ
ǡغͲӦ߳ʯ
췽Ůɽ
˶֪ԱԪҲֻħ֪ˡ
ˡħʯϣûзֺ飬ܡ
ԣ磩Ů
ǰôħ죬ʵ
̫ǿˡص֮⣬Ѷˡ
죬ϹŴܡħ
Ѿ֪ˣ쾪
šħͷŮ˵Ƿģû£ֻڵܲ
ģŮħ̶һ顣
šħ
˶٣ħԲ˵ˣѾչˣѾ׻󻤷˽ɽšڡ
ѾܺȥӦ֮
⻹һ飬ǵһֵҩԪħ˵Ϣ˲졣
˺صˣδȫָʵܵشһʱǺòˡ
һ롣ħ˵Ҫһʱˣһ֮ԪҲƳɹһ˵ɣͻԱ뾡һа취ֹ˵ɡ
ֻһʱ𣿡
ǿԳԪ˵
Сҡͷ˵ճԵ˵׻ȸ䣬Ĵ󻤷ǿ߾ŽʦǸûʵȥֹǡ
Ǹô죿ŷѩʵ
ͿֹܷԪɣõ޷ָʵ
ãΣաħͻȻɫǰ˳ȥҽ뱾ȡϵͬ취ȹѹء
ԣ磩Ůᡣ
߰ɡ
ħԣԱ˿ΣգĿܡ
ͭ¯ڣ޾ɱ¾֮ӣ׻ȸƣڹ罭ӣһ㣬УƯŻ桢硢ռ䡢ԴԴλãһ͵Ĺâš
ǳԵľڣ̺׽־
ѻ٣Եľڡ
ڵܲһɱ¾֮ԴԱͽ궼ʣ
ҲԵʶ˻ǿ־֧
ڣ齣ڣԲ
࣡
Ҹô죿
һ̣ǿ־֧ųԣѾʱһҲֻ³̫ǿˣκܹ
ۡһ
֮Դ
Ժ
Ȼ޷ֹɱ¾ϯдľ
ѾڣԶ֪Լܷ
һΪ
ʣ
еĽδ֣ľܿƵ۳ɽΣһ˫ı
ǳеĽ

ۣ
һ죬Դɢ
𣡲࣡
һܵļڳԺۻһӿ
̣ͬļֻأֻһɳ
ļ˵һһֻء
ôһֻء
ڲϵĸ
ۣ
Դ
ۣ
ռ䱾Դ
һУԷ·ûпһ㣬ǰĻ䣬齣һУԼɳ
ǳһֻء
ʧ

ԡ
࣡
ǾɣԷǿ౾ԴʧʧΨ
ˣ
޾ɱ¾汾ԴգȻͻгɡ
ǳ޷ġ
ۣ
˭֪һͻгɵĻ汾ԴҲֻʣ˳Եľ

Դһ޾ɱ¾֮Уʧ
࣡࣡࣡
޾ɱ¾ںϣһ޴ͭ¯֮С
𣿡֮ħȻû˳Աħסҡͷ𲻻ģġ
𣬱𣬱𡭡ħԺһֱûֹͣ


1019 
һ¹ȥ
¹ȥ
¹ȥ
ŮڿȴûгԵϢǶܽ
ǰŮ죬϶ǵǡ
Իûµġһ϶
šŮ
ʱ䣬ɽšڲ˲֮
½˲֮֮⣬ݡĺѾصռ죬Ԫûֹͣȡɱ¾֮ǹɱ¾ߣȡɱ¾֮ÿһ춼޾ɱ¾֮ͽԪ
ϣصص׹ȣɭԳƴۣľΪ̫ӣԪΪ̣ǹʦ
һһϱص׹ȡÿһصΪڷ
ͬʱ֮ϵÿһҲǷʳΪһս׼
֪һʱȥ
ħڵʯңһֱδ򿪹
½Ҳѵõƽûɱ¾ûȴ˹졣
κ˶֪Ǳٵǰࡣ
ԽԽĵصӳڲ֮Χϣǵ£ŵ֮Ѿȫص׹ȰΧ
ˣ
ڴʱһƥĵԺɽ
ͻˣͻˡһε𣬺Ȼذεڷ裬˫Ŀ絶壬ЦͻƾŽʦˡ
á˼ˣ̲סкá
λǰֺڣذεȫɵʵ
˵ɡ˵
ұչڼ䣬ʲôˣذεɻʵ
֪һк󣬶ʱӿ񱩵ĵɶ񣡡
ͻƾŽʦϷ˶οֻ㲻Ҫ³ç£̫ǿˣϷ˺㣬ҲĶ֡̾
ô죿ذεʵ
ȣȴԱϢ˵
ðɡذεһ̾ŭǿѹеŭ˵ȥ֡

Ԫ
һݸķϥƥ⣬裬ͬһȻ˫ۣʱ罣һĿ⼤·ռ䶼ˣվһɺƴĽ
ǾŽʦ𣿡˫ȭһգȭп䣬쳤ЦԣϧѾˣҶһҪ㳢ҵ

Դӵصɭ۴£ռĺ֮󣬾޽һ޳ǣռ޾ĵصס档
ص׹ȣǴ˳ǵ֣
˵½һǶΪ
ڵص׹ģһֺ꣬׳۵ĹȺһͷ
صȨɭ۾;ס̫ľҲȻסٻ󣬲ȴûֹͣһ̵
䣡
һǿҵƿ·˲񷡣
̫ӵ´ﵽż۷ˣȵľŽʦܣ
ϲ̫ӵ£ϲ̫ӵ£
̫ӵ䣡
һ˲䣬һ

һȴһ¥дЩȫɳȥ
ߣԣϧѾˣ̫һҪֽɱ¥ڣľݣ֮ӣͨâɣױȣ˫ĿͬС̫һѱ˵

Ԫ
ȸɱ¾֮ϡһѪ˹˵
ãǧŰپʮɱ¾֮룬ԪѾһֻҪƾžŰʮһ죬ͿԿ¯ȡˡȸЦ˱ҲɵҲ޺
صȸһѪߺ
ˣʮһ죬Ȳиȸָɫ˵
ǡһѪӦ
Ǻǡȸ溬΢Цͭ¯˫¶ȵĹâ
ˣˣˣˣ
ͭ¯֮Уһ޴ۻɫɫɫɫѪɫɫɫȵȹԣһµƲ㣬ɢһɹϢȻл桢硢ࡢɱ¾׻ȸ
һʮһԣ
ױȣ
⣬޴ϣɢ޼᲻ݵĽϢ
𣡲࣡
ڣ
࣬಻࣡
࣡һ겨Ӿ޴Ļƽڴ
ƽ岻ϵĺ
ʮһɢڻƽܣ۳һĳΣͷ·ո߳ʦһһ㡣
ʱƣƽɢĽҲԽԽǿңǿڽҲԽԽʵ
죡
ʮ죡
˰ʮ죡
ڣʮʱ䡣
̫ˣҼӰѾȸϲ˫ĿȵĶͭ¯˵
ǡһѪӦ
һͨͭעͭ¯֮Уһȼգƽ塣
ʮһʮһɫʹԣϼһڣڻƽ档
ʣ
ͻȻһ׿ԽĽ
ţôнȸü˵վͭ¯ǰü˼˵ˣԴһޣӵ׽־ӵʣԪ֮УȻ̺һ˿Ϣ
̫ˣһ˵ԪЧᳬ󣬶ڵָʵҲвЧȸȵ˵ʱ䣬˿˵ͽɣȥϢ
˵ţȸ뿪ƫ
Ȼȴ֪ͭ¯ڣ˿һ䡣
޴ƽ建СԽĴ⣬ʮһƣԴһ·ƽһ壬ֱ˴ˡ
һĻˡ
ֻƽһΣģȻ볽һ޶
һڳԵ죬Ϊ£ھҾ͸㣬һУ㶼Ǹ˼¡
̧ͷȥԼһעա


1020 ʱ
汾Դգ
֮Դգ
Դգ

գ
һгɱԴͻ볽塣
գԴһ죬ڡ

ɳ
𣡡
׻
ৣ
ȸ裡
䣡
ػ
һٴδһڣʱԪӿ𣬴޵УͻƵʦӴʦͻʦٴʦͻʦֱ߽ʦ
գ۹򣬳ԾͻָΪ
ڻָˣ⻹ûнԴһⵤһͻư˽ʦ
ԳЦȣ
ˣ
Žʦ
ءһ
һɺƴԪ಻罭ʡ
ˣˣˣ
ڵԪϹͣҪͻʦȴ޷ͻơ
ѵ½޷ͻʦ𣿡˵ΪԽ˾ŽʦɹֻʵѣĶ𣿶ˣԪûɣ޷ָʵҲһл᣿
գԺռڵϻõˣȻ龭ǡ
֮ϻõ˶һ
죿ϻúͷü˵Ϲ֮ʱûһˣ
ûУüӦúŶԡ
ԣϹʱ½˥ĩڣҲڵģһȼĴڣǿߣʦ͸ˣҲӦòڣӦһ磬˵һǿУ޷ֵ
ãϻ˵˵Ϊ󽵣ҪԪˣܵ˺أû˴˵ҪָĻʼ㣬һŵҩĲϣѾľ½ϣô޷ƵڶԪˡ
ϻãǾ͸ϽЩָʵɡԱ˵
áϻá¾Ѫ˶ӷռԴԴעǴϲ
ץʱɣǿɲ˷ǵһ⡣ԱЦ˵
ԡϻõЩ²ǻָʵ
û£а취ЦǾڴЩɡ
áϻ˵
󣬳Աħȡϵ
û£ħϲ
ţҽ㣬תλǰԱ˵
ã˵ħ˵
ܿ죬ԱͽħҪϻǻָλǰ취ڸңסʱ䲻ֻ࣬졣
ǣ𡣡ħص
Իһۣϻ˶ĹٶȻȲ˵ٶȣʱϡ
ˣ
Լˣ̷죬̺ͬˮһ㣬͵ΪĹɣָϻˡ
ô£һѪ˼ɫ䣬ȥ֪ͨȸ
ǡһѪ˼ææ˳ȥ
һͼһ泤ۣ뷢ţĿͭһȸҴ˽ܻ˵ʱ䣬ɲܳʲô⡣
ͭ¯ȶˣٶԽԽ죬տʼÿһһעһעһѪǰ˵᲻ǵҩˣҪɵ
ȸһ˵Ҳǵһƴ˵ûо飬Ҳûн̻Щ˵ҲܣٰһЩȥҪ֤ҩƳɹ
ǡѪ˹˵ڶȥʮˣ죡
½½ԽԽѪǰÿһǳʦΪ
ˣ
ͭ¯ͺֹһ㣬
ȸѪ˵
ȫϡȸһ˵ʧܣ
һȥѪ˻ʮǰͭ¯עҪǮƵġ
ããϻǼӽͭ¯ڣԴϲ˵
˰ɣȸǰͭ¯ü˵ʱɲٳκβɹ

һӿͭ¯ʦġ
ȸһԵ¯עû滻ǣ¼ֲ˶೤ʱ䰡Ѫǰ˵
ȥѵЩŵĳѺд󲿷ֶнʦ߽ʦҲ٣֧ţӦ㹻Ӧʱ䡣ȸ˵
ȥѪ˵
һյ蹦һİ߱ѺڣǶ½ڸɣʦܡ
ţ¯עߣȸ˵
롣һ԰׵ߺ
ǱǵһλᣬȻͷ֪ϧǾȸܻһӣߵͷ­ɳѪעͷʬֱͦͦĵڵϣѪ
ûôʱȰǹ齵Ҫˣȸ˫Ŀ죬·ȼջ棬סǱ˵һ顣


1021 Ԫ
ʮʦܾһվеȴһ
ȸѾˣߵûжǰһӣͷء

һ˲䣬һƬ
ȸѪսս
ȥЩϼһȫѺˣȫɱȸʱϷͽ
ǡѪ˻߳ȥ
һȸȻŭδɥʧǣһöѪ˵ÿһʱ¯йߣɱ
ǣһѪӦ
ЩʦѾŰɫ֮ǰǲδ齵ԪֻǽץȰûɱ֣ڼȸɱһһп飬ʱˣ׷װҪ󣬽ͭ¯С
û˲ԽٻˣԽ
ԣ
һˣ֮ǰнңΪԪϧţɱǣѾǵ󣬲ҲֻЭˡ
޾ˣУֻôһСֵ˶ѡ
ûУǱа취ȸЦ
ӢһѪ˰ݵ
ãˣ¯һ֪ͨҡȸ˵һ˵꣬ҡͷ˵УԼල
һѪ˶ҳԡ
ͬʱɴɵͭ¯ڣͬСϪһ㣬нʦͽʦ֮Ĳ࣬ɼһߡ
áԴϲ
ˣ
ˣ
ˣ
һ֮£ϻ˶ͻһףϻúͷָ߽ʦ¾Ѫﵽ˽ʦҲͻһס
һУδֹͣ

֮
ħ߳ʯңԱ߲ͷŮŮᡣ
̫ˡϲǳ±Ҫô
û˵ڰϻõʵħ˵ѾͻƾŽʦʵǿ߾ŽʦҲǶ֣߱˺͵һսʸ뱾˼ӦǰټǿߣԪ
ãϾеصһԻ񡣡˵
ǰ˵ǡħ
ȳȥ

һʱȥ
ʱȥ
ʱȥ
Ԫ
죬ҼȥҩһɣΪ빦ȸ˵
лˡһѪ˴ϲݵ
һԵϰнʦܶĬĬԣֻעԼ
Щˣǲġ
ˣˣˣ
ڣϻúͷ¾Ѫֱٴһס
ϻã㿴˵ǬǷܹɱ죿ʵ
ҪʵΣϻ˵ϹŴܣԲģҲ֪ɱǿ߾Žʦ׾٣ȻҲʵ̫ˣ֪ĵƣǺðһЩ
Եϲλǰ
еص塣ϻ˵
ص壿ԵͷˣӦϣԪصһԹۣʱǿ϶Ƕ֡
ǲһҪɱӳȥ˵ϻ˵
šԵ˵̧꣬ͷϷ˵뿪¯ʱֻʱˣϻָܹʵ
ˡϻúͷ˵
ãǾɱԪԵ

һٹɾӿϻ˹Ϸ֣תΪԼһнʦǾ⣬ֱױȡ
죡
죡
¯ʱ䵽ˡ
һ̣ȸϲһѪҲǾϲ֣һнʦܣһ԰ףˡ
Ǵȥȸ˵
ǡѪӦ
ȥ֪ͨǰȸ˷ܵˣ˭Ҳܶ
ǡһѪ˹Ӧ
ܿ죬ȸ˷ܵ߳
أ
ڴʱͭ¯͵ը
áһѪɫ䣬֪ͨȸ
ৣ
һ˲һһӰͭ¯
ԣ
һѪ˴ʧɫɴ˫ۣ°Ͷˡ
ۣ
δ䣬ǽʹǾɨɨһ㣬Ĳ˼飬һſͷ­Ѫעڵÿһ䡣
֪ͨȸһѪ˻
ˣ
һǿҵľ񲨶Ѫͳͳز
¯ҾΪˡ̧ͷĹϵ¯Ц˵˵֮䣬һӣͽ͵¯սռ֮С
ৣ
󣬳Ծͬһ㣬ƫ
ʲôˣס
ԸһͱԪĻ֣һ𺧣һӳˡ
ˣ
һɫǿ˵䣬֪Ԫĳڣڶȥ
ôӳˣ
ģǱȸƳ˵ҩôỹţ
찡Ļţ
ЩۼȸͶ¯ˣʧɫĿɿڴ׷ʧ
ץסˡ
֪ͨ
ס
ԳҪ뿪Ԫִ¡׷״𣬳ǰֹԡ
ʣ
𣬳ȣ罣ŭ˫齣һɨǰʮŽʦ룬Ѫ׷ɣѪһأʬ塣
ݣ
罣һųǰ
ԣô㣿޴ӵڳĿųԣţ漴һɫп˵ããԭҾɱ㣬үԸ
ȵ
ɶѾͻƾŽʦսﵽ޵оŽʦزѵ㻹𣿹ҿǱɵ˰ɣ࣬¶׵ݣЦ˵գҶ޾Ҫһ㣡


1022 ս
ɱ
һ𣬶޾޾֮֮ն򳽻ԣҪһ

һɫף罣׺£𶯾죬齣һնصһƥ¾ͱɳȥ߷һڵϣ˫ĿԲʣѪһƬ˻
ۣδ˵꣬һѪ򳽻ԣĲʣԼ޾ĺ⡣
ģԼòײͻʦΪԼۣɾ½һһˣȻû뵽ԼȻǳһ֮У
޴ķö޼ֱǲҽܡ
С㾹Ȼû
ɱ
ץֶϽţķѡ
ڳҪɱ޵ʱ׻ˣڶԪ͹Ͷ֮䣬·Ҫء
ҹ
Ժڷ˫Ŀ罣ˣɽƶֻһͽλǿ߾Žʦ˳ȥ
ʲô
׻令һˣס˼Ŀųԣʧ⣬ôܣǲţԼȻһˣֱҹ̸Ҫ֪ǿǿ߾Žʦ

Ȼ罣һԪǣһжġ
Ļţ
ôܣȸǽѾɵҩôû
ֱţͶ¯Уһʱ䣬Ȼûһͻ˾Žʦﵽ˳Խǿ߾Žʦĵزѵͻʦɣ
ⲻܣ½Ѿ˥䣬㣬޷κһͻʦ
ֹ
һһ˲书󻤷׷ȥ
ȸĽ𣿡Ԫڣһ챩ŭӣѾ֪Բûһͻ˾Žʦֱţ漴ǵصķŭ
ȸȸģ
ʸģ
һץȸϣеķŭȼգԸţҪ֪ΪԪľ˱ʤĲƸɱ½ڼƵߣص׹Ⱥƿ½ġ
Ȼû뵽һжƻˣԼһϣݷ׷ˡ
ǿԼָʵ뿪½ı֤
죬ϹŴܼ
ʱȸҽС
ءһ
ʮͨʮĴ֮ͨ£ȸǿ߾ŽʦըһѪ
ץסС

һ籩𣬵Ԫ֮⡣
ৣৣৣৣ
ֻһŽʦɳа࣬нʦͽʦӵ׷ԡ
֮⣬׻󻤷׷ԣѧͨ

֮һ䰵ϮΡɽһӰ۶ԣ˵СԪ޷ձҪҹҹգ
¡
һ޴ӡ£ǧ֮ޣգصĹâڱˡ
һ£һɽ廯Ϊҽһɺԣֱ
ն
޴Ľ쳹أ޽ڲڳԴΪ౾ԴӳֵԪϾ齣һһ㣬иռ䣬Ҫӡ롣
꣡
һ죬ӡǱ
ʲô
ˣ˶һͫ΢ǲţԾȻֵס˵һƣǿǵɱǿ߾ŽʦݽһĵУܵĴڣɱӦòѴ֮Ŷ԰
ⲻ
̶̵һ죬̫೬顣
㻹ûͻʦҲһͣڲ֮£Ŀԣ˵֪ˣ״̬ԭͻʦȫģʱ½ȴ޷ͻʦ
ֻʵδ̫ǿЩ˱Ԥϡ촣Уһƣ˵ãܺãձɱ㣬Դ˲ܽȥͷ֮ŭ
צ
һȣ̽Ԫӿӿ֣һ޼᲻ݵţγһֻ޴ץ϶ץ򳽻ԡ
ڵУƣԾһҪץס
Ҳһצץһǿ߾Žʦ
Ц·ѾԱԼץסһ㡣
£
Σ֮£罣ŷ羪캣ХϾ죬齣Ϲԣһ£ҫķϯ̲˻ģض·һλ䡣
¡Ц
Ȼδ˵꣬Ǿ޴צͱ

첪ȻŭԴ˥½ʵǵһˣһûܹ˵û뵽վȻǰֱŭ˼㣬ɶֹ
ٲȻʧȥĵȻƽֻһͷǾɱԣĥ
Ϊʧȥ˻ָʵĻᣬһԪˡ
Ҳζţ콫½

ǵԲܽܵģ٣ڲܽܡ
Ҫɱԣ

һһħƳųץȥ¡һһһ޴ĿնڳϷ޴ֶ£ľɽͳͳɣҲ⡣
𣡡Դ˫齣׽־ȫɽʯ̳ȥֹ
ֻǣ̫ˣ̺˿µɹ򣬳Եһƶ


1023 ͨ
ռ佣£
񽣣
зն
гɿռ䱾Դӿռ佣һ˲߶ȥʯ֮ɡ
ݣݣݣ
Ⱥնɿնɡ
ôôǿɫǰδеأǿĽ־֧ţѾˡ
ûз
ˣ
һ˲䣬־Ԫһγǿҵľ񲨶
Ԫ
һ͵ش߶񹥻
¡
͸оһһǿĽռԼľ磬Լľ־
ۣ
ʱɿնʧ
ƣԻǵ͹˵һ𣬾ȻӲĽռƣݺݵĿųԣ˵Сӣ߱ղʩչʲô
ҽҵİ׳գԼİ׳աαˣһ߶ԵЦ˵
СӣѵΪԼܹѳ𣿡쵭ĵ̫߹Լˡ
Ҳ߹ԼԵ
ϲ㽫Ϊһɱĵһˡ캬Ц˵
ҲǡԵ
ɣñ𿴿ͺһʱһǿҵľ񲨶Ӱ쳽ԣЦħ
λñ䣡ͬʱҲ۾չһֵľ񹥻õĿռ磬Ӱľʶ
ˣ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳ˵ľ֮УǰһƬڰħӰһɹƻζͷҪóԳΪһʬ⣬ɥʬ˼룬ɥʬ־ɥʬңɥʧ
ӵ׽־κλ޷Ӱ쵽ңһжٵģġԲͷ񶨵
ˣ
һ̣ǰľһ䣬ֻһȶˣΣѩħŮڳǰ趯ʩչȻҡԵ־
죬㱾𣿡ǹһ˿ЦȻȣֻһ׹󣬺ڰʧվڲ֮£ĿƵĶŵ졣
ߣҲһ˲˫ۣĿԣ˵С㡣
ҿûС㡣Ц
ʱܹЦóֱǶԵһ裬ԭ£ӷŭˡ

٣ƽԣ޾ţն·һˮ
䣡
էʱһ졣
׷
һԵд֮ǵأϯգ̫߱ڱΣӿһΣֵҫ֮գɽӡ
һ̣ͷ·Ϊ̫Ļ˼
ս
η޾壬罣սڣ齣̤¶ʱһȭΡ
Ʒѧײ
Ǵѧͨ׹⻷Ƴԣ罣һ̤һԾϴ£صһǺµ׹ϣ
һ



·̤ɷһ㣬һһһһס
䣡䣡䣡
гԴѡ
ľ׷ֹ̺СöԳ棬볽ս
һĻʮֿ¡
׻󻤷ԶսƤڳ鶯ǲţԾȻɳһܹĵز
ⲻܣܡԽܵˣȻǶޣһ˺۵ķɳԪսĳԣԺһƬհף˫ĿԨ޾ĺ⣬˻𣬡ΪʲôΪʲôһΪʲô
߾ȫΪԽƽ֮˭֪ѾԽԼ
Խܡ
䣡
һ죬˿
棬Ȼ飬˫ĿҲԸоʮֵķŭ
ȴǲܣȻв౾Դ壬һս̫ˡ
ԣ
ʱ˳ˡ
ɱ
ذεŴ󵶿ŭ¡
סǡ
ǡ󻤷Լִ³Ҫֹ졣
ǰԼ˴ϲ˶˵뿪
á
Ӳˡ
ή
һȣһ֮⣬ЮܣɢϢ˫ָӡһ缤һʴӿ򳽻Եˡ
ʢ˥ʱ
һ˲䣬ҲʩչѧԴѧֵȼʵʩչҲ
ʢ˥ͬһֻһ֮ʱҲ֮ʡ
ˣ
ƥһըѿ
ռ佣£
ལ£
𽣰£
󽣰£Ľ£ױȣƷѧҪһǻ𽣰£һʹֲĻ·ﶼҪһ㣬ֱ͸𺳣Ӱߵ־
ƣ
Ԫڣɱ¶񱩵ǵϯ
ֻأ
һץһƬһ޴ĺڰȦ֣ڹ£֮תԺͲ˵ӰУʱת̳Ե˾͸оʧ
áɫ䡣
ˣǴû뵽ѧͨ˹졣
һӲˡ˫ֱԲתֻأȦѹһƬƬɢ򣬷·٣ոԵ˵һ㡣

ʱһƬҽʮ˵ֵסը


1024 ֮
ԣߡ
ϻã󡣡һҧ͵شȡ
ৣ
ӡ£ϻá¾Ѫ˳֡
Ǭ󣡡
˽ӿεֵȥ¡һ󲼳ɣͬһһ㣬ѹȥ
⣬Ǭ󣿡ʱһɵôϣ
ɱȴûлشһ߶ɱ졣
֮ɱ
֮¾
ɱ¾
һɱУ˳ȥ
𣡡
߳ŭ½꣬ûܹΥ˵ȻһӴˣֱĪĳ쳤𣬳˺ڰ׹ԣһ޴ͼ¼Ȼ
ˣһ䣬û뵽
Ϲ֮ʱܣҲܣŲС
Ǭɱ
͵أԴһڲ౾ԴṩԪ罭һʶԴΪý飬޶ȵĴ߶󷨡
ɱ
ϻǴǬӿڱ˴գ綼·˺ڰ׹֮С
ͼ¼
ͬһʱ˫ֱԲ͵һӣγһ޴ͼ¼༸ǧգ޿ɵֵųֶ£ڵԡ
䣡䣡䣡
Ǭͼ¼ײͬǳ󣬾춯أģһ㡣
ءһ
ͼ¼ײ
ʲô
ɫ䣬һץ޾ӿ֣ܣ
ߣ
ͼ¼𿪵һ˲ԴһϻˣͬʱסԶݶ֮ȥ
䣡
ɳԶ֮󣬲Ŵһ죬ֻ̩ɽס󷨵Ĳ
ԣҪɱ㡣ŭ
սսݵ
֪ͨɭս֮
ǡӦ
֮
ৣ
ԺͲ˻ع顣
ԣ磩ǡŷѩԼϡŷ˵˶ӭ˳
û¡ԱסǺŷѩŮǵ㷢˵
硣һᡣ
ǺǡԺǺһЦõԴ
ߡ
˽ʯ˵̫ʵɲ⣬ʵԶԶ˾ŽʦϷƣʵѾнʦ
ԣɫһ䡣
ǰǸô죿
ƴص׹ϣǿºܿͻ֮
Ǳ취ֹǡ
ɽšڲ̫ϳ۷׷ס
˵öԣ͵ص׹ȱȻܿͻǱ취ֹǡ˵ţ򳽻ԣ˵ԣϷԪ½عƵĻѾͻʦֻȴǲ쿹⡣
˺ǿ۷֮ʱ㲻ܣҲܡԵ
ϷҲôɭϣûеֵ֮
ǰҲǸԺȻ˵
˼ǣ쿴򳽻ԡ
šԵ
á˵Ȼȥ¡
ǵ˶򳽻ԡ
ȥɡԵ
˲뿪
ԣ˼Ѱˣʵ
Եֻ޷ϵǰӦÿ԰ɣ
˵öԣһа취ذε
ã˸ɡĬһ£˵ܣܣ£۲ص׹ȵĶ򡣡
ǡض˵
˻գ߳ʯ֮ϷϹžһ޴ʯ滭Ѷͼġ
쳽ԡذεˡվʯǰݵ
ˣ
һһԾԡذε˽ɡ
ৣৣ
ذεһۣ֮Уһ£˵Ӱʧˡ
ˣʯȴ
ذεҲٴǸ޾磬һȥǹʰ߲Ƿ
ܺãѾͻƾŽʦˣҿֻҪ㣬ͿͻƵнʦϷһŹԣȻ֮顣
Եֻ鷳ˣҪİ
ʲô鷳֮ʵ
һԾͽص׹ȵ֮顣
ƾǵ޷͵ص׹ȣҪİ˵
죬һϹʱڼ֮ѣŵ֮ǰɱݽ棬ֻԸȷʵѡ֮Ĭã˵ûа취
ʲô취Ժذεʵ
ԣӦ֪ʯ˰ɣ֮ʵ
ѵ԰ǶԸ죿ʵ
һİա֮˵뽫ң͸ҿ԰ָΡ
ãû⡣Ե
ȥɡ֮ذεܹ½Դܹ㽫䵶ɣʱԸ죬ٲİ
ǡذε򳽻ԣ˵֣Сġ
ҺܿͻԵӵл񱮣߿ռףֻҪҵʯˣ

뿪ʯ⡣
ԣôǰʵ
Ӧæذεȥһǡ˵
У㲻ܳȥ̫Σˣڻ˭ܹǣ켱æ˵
ҵģΣһԣ˵Ҳһ¡˵ǰͽˡ˵գȡ񱮣һʧ˲ǰ


1025 ټ֮
һ̾
߿ռ䣡
ٴͣͨǸʯţ밵֮У˳£ԭ·ͨʯڡ
ܿ죬⵽ʯϮĵط
ǰԺ
Сһ㡣һϵӺ״һ֮ʮ򳽻ԡ
ˣ
һȦʮ𿪡
˷ǰΪ˽ǰһƽ뺣һ޴ʯˣϣһϵ
㾹ȻͻƵŽʦˣʯ˾
ǵġԵ
Сӣǿʯ˺ȻЦ
Ϊʲôʵ
ٺ٣ǰ˿̿ѾͻнʦȴʦͻƲˣϷ룬ڵʵӦʮֿ£ѾԶǿ߾ŽʦʦĵزʯЦ
˵ĲԵϧϣ޷ܵˡ
ⲻܡʯֱ˵˵½˵ǵ֮ĵһˣǡϻкһǰˣûбס
˵ĲԵ
˭ʯʵ
졣Ե
óԾȵǣʯ˾Ȼ֪죬æʵ֪
û뵽Ȼɹˡʯ˵
⻰ʲô˼ʲôɹˣʵ
СӣӦ֪ΪͻʦҲǧԪΨͻԪǰѾһǿˣħˣԪ޶࣬Ҳ޷ͻڲ뿪½֮ʱҷӡ֮ѡʯ˵
ҷӡԾ
Ļôܻڣ֪˺֣Ϸûв´ĻѾָΪѾͻ˰ɡʯ˵
ʧˡԵƶûлָҲңû뵽ԪܹõָƣܹͻҺԼֹһ
ⲻܣǵõסʲô׼˵İʯ˵ѵûгＯ
ԪʧˡԵ
ʧˣããʧ˺ðʯ˹ѧ
һγԹԵ
ߣԹϷҲᱻأʯŭҺ޲
ôԸ뿪𣿡ʵ
áʯ˵СӣϷϵɲýʲô취
ҽߣ˻⿪˵
˭ʯ˵
֮顣Ե
ţʯ˾
š˵ʼɡ
áʯ˵
ҵԴͷԽγ˵ǰ֮ǰίһ£֮С
ռʯ˾
ô˵ɡȡӡû뵽ʯ˾ӡȻ䵽ˣ
ǰɣʵ
ɡʯ˵

Խʯսռڣ˵ϻãʯǰ
ϷйͨʯڷռڣϻöˣǷӡɣ

ܿ죬˾
ৣ
Է߿ռ䣬

ر仯ռһΡ
ৣ
һ̣һɽۣ֮ﲻǲ֮ӹȡ
ǰϤĻӹȣԻһУ뷽ǵĵһμ棬ٴ٣겻ѣûйʱ䵢飬ǰΪ˿ռ侧壬סǿռ
ңƲռ侧ҲˣԳԱ֮ǰ
֮ǰԾԲˣʵġ

ͬһ磬֪Ʈӹ
أ
һ·ûκֹܹԡ
˭
ʱһ㣬СӣȻռ侧ϳ˳ԣѾ۳ΣֻδɹѣǰʱСӣ·㲻ߣ㴳ձҪͻһ㡣
ûˡԵĵ
ռ侧ݲȵĳһͻɴ𣬡
ݣ
δ䣬һռͬƿһ㣬򳽻ࡣ
齣һնһ죬ռƴ⣬õĿռ侧𣬡ôܣżʱ䣬ͱôǿˣ
ȻȴǴ϶ţ齣ֱնȥһ޴Ŀռ侧ʱѿո۳ʱѣ˺ѷεĲҽҪɱң
أ
Է·ûһ㣬ӴԪϯֱʱԱռǣ緭һ㡣
һռ侧ĲҽͶϾˡ
ۣ
һŵռ侧ʯԻһһɺƴĿռɢ
ʱȥ뿪ӹȡ
ص˲֮Ϲžʯ֮ǰ컹ȴ
ԣǰû°ɣ
ǰˡ˵
ֻҪֹܹ죬һ㲻ʲôҡͷ˵ٴ֮顣
ˣ
ٴδʯϷֶ£ԽС
ৣ
޾⺣統УԳ֮أ

ȡӡͷһͨߡ
ͨܣ򳽻ԣоһҫԼʱͨһ̧ͷȥʱһݵͨˡ
ˣ㲻öǰΪ˶Ը졣֮˵ȡ߻ԪѾûʵԸˣ֣ǡ


1026 
˵Ըҽͨ
һеġ֮˵
ݣ
һ£䵽ͨͥ⣬ӡӡԡ
һĻˡ
ֻǹϵԶӹͨϻ
лˡͨϲݵ
ǻʼƷΪɡ֮˵
ǰʲôΪʵ
⡭Ϊ꣬ڵʵǿҪʱָͨЩε˵ƿнʦӡ
ǰҲӦΪɣüʵ
ڡͨ½ûиյϣˣܹ繵ֻͨ½ȼ䣬أûκΰ취
⡭ԿЦ
õģˣҲ֮֡˵Ҫģǽ
ʲôԺ͹ͨһ
ҵĹƣڵʵӦ൱ڸ߽ʦ˺һԲӦӦԴҲԽӡ֮˵
ֻ취𣿡ͨüʵ
ɡʵذˣ
߲죬ְʱ䡣֮˵ԣ֮УҲҪиŬȡԪ߽ʦĳ̶ȣһ뿪½Ҳڶʱͻ
ǡԵ
ˣǳȥɡ֮

رãԺ͹ͨ뿪Ϲž
ԣǣͨ
ͨͨǲɡ
šͷ
ǰͨǰһԸ죬˵ˣǱټְʱ䡣˵
֪ĵصԽԽˣҲ˴Ԫˡ
ҪʼˡԶԹͨ˵ǰ֮ǰ㲻ڵǰ¶档
áͨ
ȻȥӦ֮ߡ
ڹͨĳ֣˶һвͳԶˣ˶š
һһҹӦֶΰ䲼ȥ
ǽչ֮С

֮⣬ص׹ʼ֮һʱ䣬
ӽ𣬲֮ûֹͣʮϰַԪһӦ޼䡣
ɭ۶ûг֡
¹ȥԪ͵ص׹ȿʼٽ֮׻󻤷ص׹ʮڣԲ֮չ˻ԵĹ
֮ڣæµ
˼ӹ󷨣ȫֶζ˳̸ϻãø󷨡
һʱȥ
ʱȥ
ʱȥ
Աħչ֮УԪеĸѧͨϵÿһС
⣬ԿʼںϹ
֮Դ汾ԴԴռ䱾Դ౾Դɱ¾ʮһ
Ƿ֮ںϣϾΪĻ֮һΣ׻ȸӶΪľ׻ΪȸϣΪӱΪˮҲĺ壬ֻȱ
Ѿ
߱סУӵĻɡ
һҲΪԺ֮·¼ʵĻ
ͬʱڵԪԽԽԼ޷ԼΪ磬˵ǾŽʦʵѾԶԶԽһΣ˵أȷʵǾŽʦóʮֿա
ҲӼᶨ뿪½ľġ
һʱȥ
ڣ˷סС
ͬʱ׻Դںϡռгںϡɱ¾Ҳõһ
һѭ򽥽Ḷ́˵ףѡ
δͷϵͻƣԽԼ
һʽһʽѧͨԺһһھݻڳ졣
ն
ն
ն
ռ䣡
ɱ¾
ԴѧͨûеȼģʽƷѧ
⣬ļоȻһʽͨʮͨĩλʮĴħ
ħܹöֲħھ罵һΪħޱȵĿ£ûǿ־ֻ֮С
鼤ȥ
ܵ˵ħʮֿ£ħһֲ˼ļУħû֪ңħĿ»ֹڴˡ
ͻϰħٵʱħͻ߾磬ͻɹ
ҲԭٵѶɣһ
ȻһɹҲͱޱǿ󣬻ӵʮԪ
䵱Уߣ綼ܹһǿߡ
ĵǣħԼܷ
۴ħȫھ

󣬳һӾ˷ѪڣȫѪҺ·ȼա
ħһ仰ȴ侲ħħĿ飬߱Ҫдǻۡ˲ſɣһʧܣ߳Ϊһʬ⣬߱ħɣֱ
ˣƴˡ
ˣòںڵĳޣ̫ϴһҧħ
Ͼʮ֮ͨһ
磬ǺպĴͨ
ǧѷĻᣬԲܴУΣûиջ
ʱ䣬ħȫУԿʼ


1027 ħ
ħ
һܣޱϲž޲
ˣˣˣ
ڣһƵʵľ겨ħԺʼ
ħһʩչ־ͽħ֣ǰ൱־飬൱ھ־Ŀ飬Ǽ򵥣ԣͲô׵һˣĻҲô¡
һζڳԵľչͬõĻһ
һ˲䣬ʼ
ȫעħ
Ҫȶȹħ򵥵˵ԾҪھŽʦ൱߲Ҫɵ٣еѿ
ǴħߣûĻڣܹɹ٣ɾܡ
ֻħȻֻʮͨĩλ֮ɹߣȴǲࡣ
ļ䵱У½ŽһɹҪ֪ʱ½е簡
ҲΪˣΪʱ½۷ǿߣ뵱ʱ½֮ƣʱ½ٵʱǿܲɴ˿жˡ
Ȼһеٳ޷֪ȴ˷ܡ
ҲеҪħ
ʱ仺ţԷ·ѾʱĴڡ
ڣԽħںϽ뾫磬ħһĳɹҪĲ֣вԾͽڷ
٣
Ҳ⡣
飺ϲŭ塢
ۡǡࡢ⡣
һ֡
ǰ䱦ŵرٻ󡢾ˣͳͳԹЦϲ֣һΪС
ٵģһжǼٵģҵУֻнûԺȻ¶Ц͵شȵ
ۣ
ǰһУΪޡ
һΡĹǰڣ
ԣߣ
һҪǱ𰡣
ߣ
һϡ˻ֽ齣ԣ뿪
һ̣ٱ䣡
ڣ
ȥ̣ʬҰѪɺӣӵ˺ڣľأ˲пɱӡ
ŭڳͷŭڣ˫ĿѪ죬ҪȥɱľغΪڡڱѩޣ
ԣɱҰľųԣЦ
С˭ҲȲˣԼҲڱϣǰɡ
Ƕŭ
ľЦ
ԺȻЦ˵𣿼ٵģǼٵģƣ

壡

ԣ㲻𣿡ŷѩڳǰ棬˵
ԣҪ뿪ҡǳڳԺ棬׷Ѱ
ѩǡ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ԣĺҪɱ㡣һŮӳ֣Ȼ壬滨꣬һʹһѽ򳽻ѡ
ǶǼٵģƭҡһɫ˵
ŷѩͷĺ
ҪɱˡЦ
ʧԺ


޾ڳͷκαŮˣռΪС
𣿡һƽЦ
أ
һж顣
𣿲ˣҿɣԹЦ
Ŀ
һεŮӣɴŤȵӣųԿһŮ壬ӡ
źգǣͷҲһѰ׹ǣɢԺ

ԣ̫ˣ½һ˰
ԴͨܵС
Դǧٰ
һڶϣԷ·Ϊ˾ﳼƨ
֮ͽҹԴһ˶ʧ
ǣ
࣡

ԳһûʵĹ׳
һŮӳ֣һС˳ڸǰ
ԴˣϢˣúõܰɣ
̫ˣūǺúźɣ
ٻ͸úúõܲǡ
һó̩ͨͣúõһ
׷۷壬ҪܣԴȵ
⣡
̰ͼɫ׷ѰǴɷΪԣǸжЩΪ׼ģɣɣ
𣿡Ц
ʧ
عƽԶɹֻ̩ͨ¶֮ɫ
ܰɣúõܰɡһȻԶݽ볽Ե顣
Ŀ룬˵
Ҫµ𣿡һӰڳԵľ磬ƻʵ
롣
ҪŷѩͷԶ𣿡
룡
Ϊ潣һ𣿡
ұ׷󡣡
ð𣿡
񣿡͵һ㶣ͷ˵룬뿴ϵ񵽵ж
Ҹɣһ㶼ֻһȺǿ߶ѣǶܹ¶ĳΪ罣һˣôŷѩ嶼޷ң𣿡ǸħӰ˵
ҪԶһ𡣡Լᶨ˵
ǣѾˣ޷һȥ簡ħӰ˵
һҲġ˵
ûõģǲǴȥ磬ܵУǻᱻɱġħӰ˵
˭ɱǣҾҪ˵
̫ǿˣһ˲ǵĶ֣ȲӣԸ㣬ɱˣ͵һҪ𣿡ħӰŹƻʵվڳԵߣųͷ·һħһ㡣
ҲҪİҪԼɡҡͷ˵


1028 ɰһ
ˣһɣһɲˣֻҵİ£ܳɹΪף֮񡣡ħӰ·һ£û뵽ԻܾԼİ̹ƻ㲻е񳼷𣿷Ϊ𣿵ʱ䣬û˻ᷴһ𡣡
ģԷ·ҡˣ̽ʵ
ȻֻҪ㳼ңҾͿһСħӰ˵
Ҳ᳼κˣһУҳΪֻ֮ԼϣҵӣûֹܹҺһҲԡһᶨ˵
ʲôħӰ󾪡
ħ𣿡Ŀ⽥ָɣ񽣰ֱħӰʵ
֪ңħӰ㶵
ȻԵ
ˣħû뵽㾹Ȼʱ˹ϰһܱħӰߣΪ˵ĵ¡ħӰ˵
ҵľ硣˵
Сӣħ޷ħҹ֪жˣٱǿĶߣźųħ㾹ȻñħħӰ˼˵
˵
ˣħɣ㽫õһСԳ޷Ĵħƻ
ҽһϯ޷졣
޷ҽһʧڳԵľ磬һ·ǴӾĴСӣԼҪڣħǸʱ򣬱ħ𽫾ϵͨ־٣䡣
ˣ
ڣһƬ

˫ۣѹоâ˸˵Ǿħˣ⻹ҿ̽ѰģȳȥɡƣԷͷ߳չҡ
Ѿ˴ħ
أأأأ
ǰԾͼһһӵĵص׹Ⱦӣɷ󣬹֮
⣬ԪѪӡ
ַÿһǾŽʦǿ󷨣ֹںϣÿһιŭһ㡣
಻ص֮ķɢһȦһȦѾвȵļ
ʱֹ˼ӹ̷󷨡
ԣԴ磩ǺŷѩŮԣϲѡ
û°ɣԹʵħ֪ǰŮˣԼһҪػֿ
û¡Ůҡͷ˵ֻãһһˡ
ǰ󷨿֧Ų˶ˡŷѩ˵ڰǰǼӹ󷨡
šԻһЦʵȥ
áŮ
ܿ죬˾˷ĵشۼ󷨴ʦó̺ȻУʱС糺죬ͷð˺飬һ棬ϵĴӡڶ󷨴ʦӹ󷨡
ԣ˼ǰǸ˲ѣڳˡ
ôʵ
󷨿ֻټְˡص
ǾͰ֮һսɡԵ
á
ҵǰȥԵ
šһͣһ̶ûֹͣϹ󷨣Ѿˣڵɭû׻󻤷ˡ
šԵͷ
һ˾˲֮ǰֻĵص׹ȷһһӣһ۸ͷ
ˡǵ
ԣô죿ŷѩܽţڳߣͺ࣬ȻԵ
ģһᱣǵġסŮļͷ˵
šŮͷ
ǳԣȻ洫һߺֻ令ųԣСе뱾һս
㲻ҵĶ֣еǰɡԸ˵
㡭令ʱͣһŭԣǰֻ·һ
ߣǻȹ˵ɡһԶŮ˵ǻȥ
令ųȥıӰŭȼգҹһҪڰ֮ڹ
ǣһ£Ӧ
ʱ򣬲ҵԣ֮ĶԲߡ
ܿ죬Ծͽ֮ķˡ
мɰգʵ
֪һƽΨһİ취ǱһΣλǰȫϣֻҪͽǣλǰҪľǼסǻ
áҧ˵ԣһоͰˡ
ǰģƷռ󣬵ǲûлᡣ˵
ɰڴһ١
ʱ䣬÷󷨼ְ¡Գ˵һ󷨱ȣ˶⣬뽫תƵһطȥ
˶ɻ½Ȳ֮ȫ
߿ռ䡣Խ͵
á˶ͷ˵˵طȷʵأͰ˵
ʲôʱʼʵ
ڰɡԵ
š
һʱ֮šɽԼڡŷˡѪ˶ۼһ
ܿ죬ͽȥ˵пû˽Ŀռʮ־ȣ˵ǽ߿ռ䣬͸ӾȣȻкܶ飬Ҳûа취ЩһߣǶڵδ
ڵĳ϶ڲֻ֮һ߿ռ䡣
ϡŷ˵Ҳ߿ռ䡣
һжڽС
һǧ˽߿ռ䣬ռҪװβſԡ
ǣˡ
ŷѩǺó̶ռ䣬ϻõһ
ʱ䲻֪ţѾѺֲۣ˶೤ʱˣص׹ԪĹҲԽԽǿ


1029 ս죨1
죡
죡
죡
죬󷨾ͽơ
ڲ֮߶⣬֮Ժ󣬽һս
ͬʱŽʦ֣ܳռݲ֮ķֳ̬Ԫ͵ص׹
֮⣬һɾŽʦɵķ֮࣬Ƕɹ齵ص׹ȵŵĳɣСһǳԿˣЩͷƤ飬ԪһУ±ɱѪ⡣
䣡䣡䣡䣡
޾Ԫ󣬸ֹ󷨡

һһѷӶڼ

죬ľسսˣʱһԣλãһĿ˴𵶵ϣϣѲһ㡣
ǵص׹ȵľɭۣ
ܣվʮ޵оŽʦڣаǿ߾Žʦվߣͬʿһ㣬
ݼۣ
ʱʮص׹ȴ¡
ɡһ䣬˵ϣ˷Բÿһص׹Ƚʿܹ
лۡص׹Ⱦӻص
컹û𣿡ɭ۵ʵ
ۡһǰ
¡¡
Ȼû˵꣬߾ʹ˹׺죬ط·һƬţֻĵˣһϣԳأ̫ĹԶ޷һ޶
ԣվż꣬޺ȻС
ǾԪʥӡ
μ
Ԫִ¡ݵ
šֻĮȻĵͷ˲֮һۣ˵죬ڻͶʱ
죬㲻ˣбԼɡվ˵Һڴһս
Сɱ㣬ĲΪˡԣ˫Ŀӿ˲ɶƵɱ¾ϵҲʤˡ
ˣ˵
ৣ
һ˲䣬Եȫ˵˸̨ϡ
ŭһ˵ɭһɡ
áɭ۵ͷһ£۹



ʱֻʮص׹ȾǰϵҲԽԽǿۣϿգʵʣǧɵΡǧɽΡǧǹΣָĹʽ۳Ϊһ׼

ɭһݣȵڽʿۺ

һ£ǧƵĹ빥󷨣ͷƤ飬أն·ˡ
أأأأأأ
ڷϣ𲻾ڶ죬翪ٵһ㣬춯أֱһռ䣬һ죬󷨱
ɱɭۺȵ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ɽҰյĺɱһһսϲ֮ɱ¾֮䣬֮ʧɫš
䡪
֮Ͽը죬һɽֱӱը
ɱ
һ˫Ŀɱ⣬꣬ȷ֮Ϊ½ʥ֮ؿʼҲûܹƲ֮ħ֣֮Ҳ½һƬ֮أû뵽֮󣬾ȻصֱĪĳ衣
Ϊ֮Ĵˣ˷ŭ˼㡣
ɱ
ǧʿɱ
ɱ
ɽڡ೤һ̳ȥ
ɲ֮䣬һսͱ
С
ɱ
ʬֶϽš
Ԫִ¡Χԣɱ¶ֹ

һ罣һ㴩͸ǵ壬ѪĵڳԽ¡

令ǰһȭһɻ֮𣬺ɽǧѹա
ҹһ糤ҡֱϣϾ죬齣¶ϳ̣ȭâƣֱӴ͸令࣬ദѪʱ˻
أ
ո𣬾ͱըһѪ
ʲôˣճǰͰ׻˶ʱɫ䣬ͣסΣ

ͨ彣֣ɱӣйܣķĥ˫齣նͽ׻룬Ѫ굹ɳȥѪһ졣
ͬʱ糤һȥҰĿƵĿŵ죬˵죬ǲҵĶ֣ɣ
˻
Ԫÿһ˶ĿųԣһΪû뵽ƽ߸ϵĻˣȻǳԵһ֮У⳽δҲ̫˰ɣ񣬶
һĻ౻ص׹ȵǲ·ƳܵĽԼһ
ں󷽵Ŀжǿ־֮ɫӶڲɪɪǰ
Դвɱľǵ򳽻ԵĿУǼɵ֮ɫ󣬵һμԵʱ򣬵ƾʵԼ׾ٵɱȻŶ೤ʱ䣬ԼȻһս֮Ķûˣ
ãɱĺã
Эɱǡ
ԣǻϣɱ
ʱһʿǣսڣ۵ص׹ȺԪǵһʱ侹Ȼǰ
ɭ켸ϼһͽˣԶԸӡŭˣ򳽻ԣеŭ⣬֮ˮϴ˿ɲɱ⣬ųԣŹһ˿ĺۼ˵
Сӣ֣ҲȲ㣬ضڱ£

䣬һ֮৶һ򳽻ԡ
צ
նʱһһֻаɾ޴צ϶ץ򳽻ԴҪһצץ̺˿µĽ֮նһɸ


1030 ս죨2
£
гԴӿԱ׹⣬Хǧ⻡齣౻򸲸ǣͬӭս죬Ǿ޴צ
ԾţҪ졣
ϡһ
ֻצ
ʲôʵˣ쾪ţŶ̶̰ʱ䣬ԵʵˣɱʤʱһԼ಻Ƕ֣ǵ첻ġ
ৣ
ͷһ޾һ񽳣滭أ컯Ȼһ֣һʬ顢ó򳽻ԣÿһʮɸߣǿ󣬿ȾŽʦ
꣡
һžɢ
ռ䣡
ˣԴһ彫ȥͬһУ֣һһ㡣
Ȼǿڳԣûǿ٣óԻûֵ
ֻأ
ή
ЦǰĶɱдҪһɱԡ
顱һ
ֻ԰˳ȥ
ɣ¾쵱һƽԣ֣֮ոԵһɱǻʼƷѧ̺ɱ¾ֹǿƥ
ռ佣£
𽣰£
гɿռ䱾Դ´һǻ𽣰£̺޾Ļ赲ڻµһУʲô

һУɱб𣬻𽣰¾ͬһ֮ͽ׼ն졣
ʲôԽ£ЩܻоԼգԼǲԼ˲ٻʼѧͨ⳽ԲһӣѧôܱȵԼ
ˣ㲻õ飬õһѧͨ˫ĿĶų˵
ϻ˵ҿ㾿жǿɣȵ
ܺãˣû˵뱾ô˵ǵһˣұ֤㳽һһ׷ܴ֮ҫ۹Ժ⡣
ۣ
һ
䣡
һ¡
һ̣·̫Ҫ׺ɱԣ̫֮ԶڱΣһɽ嵹˻

Դһ罣һϾ죬ǧɽҷһ
˲
һ̤Ƶ罣ǧܣҲγΣһһ㣬ͺ񳽻˼ѳ飬׻
ն
ͷ񷣬̤ԭҰ˫齣նһνٶնһϣʱ춯صı죬ɹҫνĥ
ֻǵһ
˲һһǿÿ̤һƾǿһ֣һһǿߣҲ
ڶ
ն

ն
𲻾ڶı뽣
ħ壡
ͬʱ쳤Хһͷܣǧһɿ񱩵֮ħϯޱ޼ʣͬһ޴ħԨһ㣬ڣʱ˾ޱ䡣
ž
ֻһŤ·Ťһ䶯һħ޿ǣʮ֮ޣħڽγɣҷ򳽻ԡ
ħȭ
ڣÿǰһϵƾͻһ֣ͬһǿҵԪһȭʱһ޴ħצĳν
ꡱһ
岽νץϡ
ˣȻֺʯ

ն
߲
նһХһɵ̫ɳδأգǾ޴ħصһħһɢЯʤ֮ƣն졣
ȻǴͨ
һޱϯͬ಻ƾˣɫ䡣
¡
һһ˫˫գһһһ㣬˫˫ƣȻûγһ޴㡣
ˣ
һȥʱһǿһ㡣
ءһ
̫ѿ򳽻ԣлصܡ

СġԶսص׹ռϷ磬̺
ɣ
ͨ屬⣬ˮɣ˫͵һƣ޴ͳ򳽻š
ն
ͺһԴ߹ɵԪ֮һ׽ӣγһ磬𶯰˷֮ӭȥһ죬ȴ޷ֹǿµĻɢ
ն
Ȼȣڷ裬Ʈɣľˮںϣγһ޴Բ罣һХһ㣬ݺݵ˺ѳȥһռѷڽ³֣ͷƤ顣
ˣˣˣˣ
ɫɫɫɫɫɫⲨϯγǿĹˣأǧ
ءһ
ֻнϣʱɫڰ׶⽻߲֯ʰ쵣ʣۼȴ̺һɿµĻɲ֣һǿ󣬵һȴ޷
أ
һը죬ķѿڰ׶ɢϯա
ɶ񣡡
һŭֹħһ㱬ǰһư£ա
ʼƷݲ
һһһһֻأֻأһУǴ֮֮תģһעԪͿɢһ׳ɳľմһ˿Ԫͻήһз·Ѿעһ㡣


1031 ս죨3

һӣƬɫԪϯأˣİ
ľήݵ㣬ɽɺԣ߻٣һ֮£ȻоԼţ·Ҫһ㡣
治
ȼգ٣˿̣ԾͬһΰأƸǹɽֳ齣
ৣ
һɳһǧ
ৣ
ڶڳһֻݵİ׻
ৣ
һԽϯһֻ޴ȸ
ৣ
Ľ𶯣һֻ޴ڵ
ɶ񣬳СնҪɱ㣬ȡڵˣŭڣ˫ĿѪеķŭ棬˿̾ͬҽ緢һ㣬ϯޣųＯȴΪ˼£еķŭ֪
ն
ȴǷ·δһ㣬齣Я޵նǿݲ
ΪľԢ׻Ϊ𣬴ɱ¾ȸϷΪ𣬴Ϊػ
ԣؼ汸ס
أ
һɲ֮䣬಻ıըһֹⲨն·𱻴ãһһ
ĿݲȻ£ԳԵնȴһ֣ƽˡ
䣡
һըն̳ȥն졣
ɶ񣬳ԣ
ŭԼＯռȵùԼֱĳ衣
ͺñԼĶߣݺԼһǷӶҪŭοǵ죿
ˣ
ϴ߹ڵħһ˸߹һˣˮϯأӳ־ħ壬ֱħ񣬵նµնɫ䡣
Ͼǵ죬ϹʱĴڣССΪ䣬ձ󣬴˻ǧο죿
ն£


𣡡
׻
ౣ
ȸУ

Ư

ڣʩչԼͨʮͨʮλĴﲻɣԿɱɡ
¡
նʱһ̫ⰵ޹⣬·ضҪһ㡣
ˣ
һǿϯֱӭն
࣡
羨̺ˮˮһ㣬޴Ŀռնֱӽնɵˡ
ʲô
Զʱɫ䡣
С̫Сˣʱ䣬ĴѾָС֮Ϊ֮ǰһ㶼𣿡һ˫ͫ¶֮⣬̣̣̣
ʣ
ʱ齣ʣѣҪɵ
ռ䣡
Դһ㣬ռ䱾ԴںϣףһС
֪С̫޴ˣϹͨСɣκζɣгɣǿһС磬ΪԼֹ𣿡Ц˵ڱüʶһ´֮

һɷ籩ϯռ౻ɡ

ɫ䣬ˡ
ӣСܹӵȥЦ
ৣ
ħһ㽵٣ƽԣҪһɱӲˡ
һ·ɽ塢̨ͤ¥ٲɣޱȣͬĩһ㡣

Բǧ֮ڣһڳ϶޷ɡ
ߵͳѡ
Ԫ
أ۾񣬷񹥻
ˣ
ʱھһ籩
㻹ʩչһ𣿡ȻЦ˵ѾˣʩչҲûá
ɶ񡣡ɫû뵽쾹Ȼӵ˾ϵ
Ԫ
һҧԪ׽־ȥγɽռ䣬ʩչɱ¾
ͣ
ռ䣬Ħռ䣬ٶɺܿ죬ЦԪȷʵǿ赲˱𣬸̣
δ䣬һﱻơ
顱һ
ѪԴݣһһѪ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
ءһ
ɳȥײһɽ塣
ԡ˴𣬵ȴǱɭ۵˱ȵýڽڰˣ޷ʩԮ

ƽ޴ħӰأΡΡħɱӣӳԣ縩һ㣬˵Сɣ
ݣ
Ȼû뵽Իгɷ籾ԴӳϹž̨
ǣ̨Ϥζñǰڴ˱Եʱ⡣ħޱħϯ˷죬ͫ¶׷֮ɫ
죬㲻е͸ĨȥǵѪ˵һۣͽʯǰ֮Уټ
ţɫʣ˵ѵ㲻ɣ

һԡ
ԲӰ
ϣܹɹԽ˽ȥ˵
ʱ֮һ᧿Σһ浹ľ棬޷֧Ŷ೤ʱˡ
ৣৣ
һǰһ޾ռ䡣
ܣһ˫ͫʱһ貹ԣ˵Ҹоˣ˵ϢôϢʵ̫Ϥˡ
μӹǱֻ׵Ϣоʱ¶һĨɫ
Ͼʱ򣬲֮Ҳ½ϵĵطκ˶ܹ¡

ذε͹ͨ볽γǣΧס졣
죬þòͨͺһδѴкһ㣬˵
ţͨһһٵ˵㾹Ȼӳˣôܣ
ⶼҪлˣңգҾҪһѩǰܣɱͨ


1032 һս
ˣɫһ䣬Ц˵Ѿˣ½ĻԪҲȡߣе˭һɹƭ֮ͽɣ
˶٣˵ͨǶ˿ѣҽ£ֻȡڵ֮ĶڣǶԻָʵ뿪طˣô
ٸϻɱذεƢ䵶
㡭䵶쿴ذε΢΢мĿٿȻ䵽е䵶ϣʱɫ䵶ôϣ
ܲšذεһЯϵ⣬ն졣
֣
Դһִ齣ŷӡǰȥ
ž
ͨ磬˫Źڣ죬ҹͨҪҵ
Сһж˵ģǰͨϹңĿĺΪͿԴܱΣ֪ڱҪ㸶ʹۡ
̣һ޾ħӿħһɲ
ۡһ
ذεƥͱɣԼҲ𿪣һѪս߰η޾壬˫䵶䵶
ৣৣৣৣ
һն£·춨½ӳϣͷ·Ϊ½µһ㡣
һһǰ
һ½
һذε޾ĵ־
һҪնµͷ­
ͨɫ⻷׷˫Ŀŭɣ죬ҵĴ
ͨһ˲䣬ڳԼУͳһʶɷʮ֮ͨһʮλ
¡
һγɣɫ⻷ͬ޳еĹں
Ҳڱǰչֱ֣֮Ҳԣƣħ񣬹Цǲм߰Դ޿ƥУһȭ̽ɡ
ն
ͬһʱ䣬ذεʩչ䵶ն¡
أ
ŭ䵶ܺã⵶Ҫˣ㣬
ħ
ڵ֮ʱչ˴ħħӿľ硣
ʱҽУͷʹеǴħħ
ʮͨĩλĴħ
ã䵶ն
ذεɲ֪ħش̴ϲ䵶ն˹ȥ
ħã
ͨǴϲֻû뵽ԾȻͨȻħֻʮͨĩλȴûСٴʩչɱȥ
飺ϲŭ塢
ۡǡࡢ⣡
ʮӰ־ԵһԵڵľ磬ҲҪܵӰ죬ο첢δҲûжɹܵӰҲǸˣذε͹ͨһԲӦ⵽ش
ءһ
ϵ飬һóªֱӵǰ
𣡺𣡺𣡣ħ˻ҪɱǣͳͳҪ
Լ˴ϲȻ־ԼôǿȻܵӰ졣
Ԫ
ôʱٴʩչ񹥻
ն

ذε͹ͨǰǰ죬߶ʱˣѪ졣
Ҳİ
ˣ
ʱħԺ޾ջƻĶ
Ը⣬Ը⡣
ۣ
һ˲䣬һѪӵϳ̶걻ħռݣɥʬʶ
áˣͨɫ
࣡࣡࣡
ֻ޿ǣ·ҪըһɿֲĻܴݿ
ˣ
Դ𣬷
ˣ
ʯ֮䣬һʥĹֶ£ʱĽк۵һһư̳ռݵ쾫ħһһġ
䣡
£Ϣȫޡ
ˣذεڵϣڴڴŴʵ
ˡͨ
ˡҲ˿ˣһѹͷľʯҲ£һжøл̧ͷֻ֮ϿգһŹֻǿʮ
˵ԣղʩչʮʮλĴʥֻһľҴֻ֧Ű˰ˣ˰֮ڣûҵ磬ûػԪ½Ҿͽ棬ϣܹ½һУ뿪½ѰҲ硣
ৣ
ոɵ飬
Ǿ˵ֻа˰ʱˣذεҲأʵ
⻹ܹס£ʵϲ˰ꡣ֮
һġԻųصͷ˵ذ֣ǰ߰ɡ
ߡذε
ɭΪǡͨ
ৣ
뿪޾磬Ϲž̨ϡ

ɱ¾Ѫʬ
ͷɣ
Զɭ۶ս죬ţ񱩣ֲ˼㡣
ȻͶذεһѾٵͷ­
δ䣬ɱʧײʧɱ¾ʧһƬض
Ԫִ¡ݴ
ˣɭĵ
ã˴ϲ


1033 Գ
ɱ
Դһɭۡ
ɭ
ذε趯䵶ƥնɭš
ͨŹĴ趯һ߾ʬ壬һѪֲ˼㡣
ˣɭۼ
Ժȵ
նذε
أ
ʱɭ⵽һһѪɳȥ
ۣ
ص׹졢ʿ
ৣ
ৣ
ذεնɭۣȴֹһһ£صһİ롣
ۡһ١ʿʹޣȾһƬζ
Ϊ۱𣡡
ɱԣɱ
ɱ
ص׹챯ݺǰ
ɱ
罣Դܣ齣ն£޼᲻ݣƣۣգ֮䣬ʮˡ
䣡
ذεһն£ǧɣһأὭ֮ʬɣգһһŵѪѪȡ

ͨΪֲͬʱӡƵƵ£նˡ
ܰ
Ҳ
Ҫɱң
һ˲䣬ǿ޺ʹ
ɱһƬȷѪꡣ
ľأ㸸Ҳȥɡն罣ĿƵĶľأޱϲ˵
̫ӵ£һ
סľŵɫ䣬ֺ̿
û˾ȵ㡣Ե˵գһնľء
ľؾ糽˵ģû˾ȵȥͷ­ڵϣ󱻴Ƭɱ¾֮˺ѳ˷۴⡣
ӣҪߡԶ޴Ҫߡ
֮䣬ص׹ȺԪ֯İͳͳɱ֮⣬Ѫӡ
ΪǱˡԹ˵ϣһ˵ĺ
ڡڵһĻԺһϤİӰ֡
һڽˡ
졢ɭɱԪ͵ص׹ȱϢܿ촫½ʱЩҪһɱ½𣬵صΪ˺ĽɫҪӻصص硣
ܹӳֻôһС֡
֮
½ָƽصʮҾſգɱһɶߵҲֻһС֣ĺҲɱ
˶սƽƽ
һսһʱ䣬һȡʤ
Ҳ˸˲صĴۡ
½ǧһﵽʷ͵㣬ȴ½ǰδеŽᣬγһǿ
һۣ˶֪½ӭѵõĺƽûɱ¾ûз
֮
һ죬ģһƬϲա
Գˡ
죬ԽŷѩǶŮס
Ѿ½ΪУѾΪ֮ĵһˡ
һж
ֻǣڳԵУһᣬǾûҵԪץߵ塣
ѱԪÿһ䣬Ҳ
ҲѾˡ
ݸҲ
һתۣһʱ䡣
ԭߡơܵ½ָ
ŷˡŷѪӰξٹξٿһ˶صΪµļֵһǣѪͶӰߵһ
⣬ԭǰóΪҪ뿪½ѰҲ磬Ҳ޷ˣǽ֮λˣԼϡʩʮص˳Ϊڳϡ
ȻԱ
һšͬһ½ʷƽʱڡ
һʱ䣬Դ󲿷ֶŷѩͷǶŮ
Ҳ֪Խ뿪½һغ½˵飬Զϧڵʱ⡣
ͬʱҲСסԽƿش죬Ԫޱȣ֪޷ƿأһֵҪըѵĸо֪ٵȥˣͻƣԪ࣬޷ͻƶ
ó̺ȻΪһʦ
⣬Խһָˡ
ʱԽԽȡ
ذεͳټ֮飬˵Ļ񽻸ˣĲıԼòϾһҪıԼò̫ˣ֮˶һһ壬ڲϢһǰ֮ڣͻᷢӦҵ硣
֮ƶϲڵ͵ĻʺСʮ֮˾е硣
ڳԺذε˵һ⣬Ϊӵ͵絽еʮѣҪλ籩ûΪ޷е硣
ԣԺذε뿪½ҪͻʦеѰҲ硣
ȻҲڵ͵磬ԺС
Ժذεֻа˰ʱ䣬
ԣ˱̵ʱڣ
ͨҲ뿪½Ϊ½޷ָΪΨ뿪пܣҲӦѰ½ϾһظˣĿ½
һж׼
ϻúͷ񶼿ھŽʦ¾Ѫ˾ŽʦڻԪֻ͵磬Ϳˮɣ˳µͻơ
ڼ䣬֮ͨ˳Ժذεٹڵȼ顣
磬½ȼΪͼм߼˵֮Уڶ磬Ƿڣû֪
д½ĵȼǿߣһ˵ͼ½Ҫڣе磬ߵ磬컯󾳽һ˾ȳܣΪϡ٣۰һĴڡ


1034 뿪½
ˣӵ͵磬ҪΪеߵ磬ͱ
һǣûдﵽҪ󣬴ӵ͵ߵ磬ǲܣֻΪ̣ߵߣ͵磬Ҫܵѹƣ磬һеܽ͵磬ôֻܷӳڵʵ
ǵȼ֮ڵĹΪߵ磬ܣѾתΪ˷һڵ͵磬һȭ¾ܹһ͵硣
ڵĹõһ㡣
ȻЩкܶĽܣбʮͨʮɷͨǿͨÿһͨʮֵĿ¡
ЩϢʮְ磬Ժذεһʱɾ
ң½֮ǰһе磬ڵ͵˽⣬뿪½͵磬ؼҪԺذεԼˣȻһйͨİҲһӵ⡣
⣬˴
ʮͨУʮλĴͨ
ԭǺذεͨһģǶ޷ԭĹؼڣ߱ƿؿռ䱾Դذε͹ͨûռ䱾ԴȻ޷Ҿռ䱾ԴҲѡ
ȻҲ֪ÿһ˶ܹͨģʮͨʮɷͨϿҪ
ˣҲֻǳžСɶٳ޷ͻơ
ʱ䲻ˣԡذεͨ뾡뿪½
ڴڼ䣬ĴѰҶޣȻͺʧһҲҲ
뵽޾ǾŽʦҲŷѩͷǶŮĶ֣ҲͲѰˡ
óԾȵǣͳ϶˶δⳡǳɳҶ˲СȻ볽Ա֮ͬˡ
һգŷѩǺó̸
ϡ塢ŷ˵˶֪Խ뿪½ǰͱ𣬾ϺҲڲ֮Ŀ͡
ֱءϵ˵
šԵͷ
ŷѩͷǶŮųԿ
ģһˡŶŮı˵
ǵ㡣ŷѩͷǶŮ
磬ҪСİûġǰӵԣ˵
֪粻ڣɩӾչˡ˵
ţһչ˺λɩӵġ˵
ߡŷѩͷǶŮһߣޱȡ
󣬳һһ
λһġԴ˵
ǵϵ˴˵
šԵͷתϹž̨ͣûлͷΪԼǣλ޵գ᲻뿪ǡ
ԣءǰ
λǰ½ͽˡ˵
ҪСģȻֻһ͵磬ҲԶԶ½ܹġ
šԵͷ

Խ֮Уʧ
޾磬ذε͹ͨڴˡ
⣬¾ѪҲԡ
֮Ͽգͳ˵½֮ǰе磬ӵеĴҲеĴ͵ַҸ޷Ǵ͹ȥҲûе͵ֻ꣬ܽǴ͵ħ򡣡
ħ磡
һδͣ˲Ǵ͵磬ħ硣
һж¾ѪĹͣΪ֪ͼħꡣ
Ψһķ
ȻҲ⴫ͣһ־ֱӴ͵е磬ֱһ־ǲ֪͵ȥǲԾֻʣȴ͵ħ壬Ȼͨħ磬硣
ȫҲյķ
УҲĹͣϾܹ֤꣬Ͳ
¾ѪͽħΣ˽٣ʵ
˷ģǰħס磬ˮƽҲǿ߱ǰħһߣܡ¾Ѫ˵ǼռǴ棬ǵ뿪ǳ
취ذε
ţô졣ͨʵͷ
ǺãͰ˵һ£Ҳֻܿ¾Ѫˡ
ǡ¾Ѫ˵
ذ֣ǰίˡԿռ䣬˵
û¡ذε
ǺǣϷϻá˵вĵġͨ
˽ռ䡣
ˡԵ
¡
޾һһ޴Ĵ֣֮˵δ͵ľԶһ£ǲܳħ磬ǶҪעһЩ
á
Ժ¾Ѫ봫
ҪˣǶ׼֮
ˣ
ڴϵĴʯһ˲仯ΪһɹϢһӾ
ãʯ֮龪
Լ˶ʱȡһö䣬ǧƷʯ봫Уô
һ뿪½׼˲ʯ֮ࡣ
û뵽δ뿪½ѾһǧƷʯ
ԣס˵Ļ֮˵һҪȥ̽鲽ټΪпܳɾ
ǡԵ
޾죬Ժ¾ѪѾʧˡ
ϣܹɹ֮˵
ҹ½
һ͵ħһ۵Ĵ½
ͬʱҲڶవħ½֮һ
ħһͳƣħ壬ħ֮һ
ħȼɭϣѪ֣Ϊ塢塢塣
壬ħеĻߣͳħ壬ħҲ塣
͵ȣľ壬˵Ի壬ֻһ壬Ҳܵߵӣɱ߻壬ֻһһ֣ɱӵкεݣ
ҲΪˣкܶ壬õܴӡ


1035 ҹ½
ȼƶȣħ֮һ
ҹ½ֻһڶħв۵Ĵ½һ̣ȴһ籩
ҹۣ֮ܣһһӵİħ彫ػߣܽ䱸ɭϣһĻѪ̺ɽɽ£๧վ˰ħ彫ʿ
ҹۣ
ҹ½֮ߣ
½ϣû˵ݱû˵Ϊǿһ仰Ծҹ½ʮ˵
ֻǣһȴǹػһԣ·ڵȴʲô
ʲôҪȻͶӭӣ̫˼ˡ
߻ǰҹ½ɣ
ǿЦɣ壿壿Ҷţл塢ǰһǵĻ壿
˵öԣǰҹ½̫ƶˣ͵УҲĩλĴڣôлǰ
ôǰһУۿӭӰ
·ʮ칧ں̺࣬ۡ
ʮħ壬ڡ
ͳͳסڣɱӵһ˿ޱȵļͻʤʮٱиߵѪǰҹ½ʮϰˣûиߵħˣ壬ֻһ壬Ƕһ¡
ǰ޷ġ
Ϊҹ½Ĵۣ֪ҹ½ĵλͬ˵һڳǧĳħ֮Уҹ½һĴڡ
񣬾Ȼл壿壿ǰ
ֻҪԼܹõλʶԼпһɳ죬Ϊ壬λĵɽĳɾͶġ
ＤͬʱҲ֪λ塢ΪǰҪ֪ҹ½ԴǼ޵İҪҲֵҹ½
һ㣬Ȱҹ½ÿһħ
Լӭλˣ
ʮֵĸӣﲻϴĦֿܡ
۸ĴۣҶҪץסʮ꣬ѷĻᡣ˫ȭգͨ¶֮ɫһλᣬץס
ˣ
ͻȻƽĴͻȻӿʹԣ߲ϼ⣬һħһơ
ˣļ
ৣ
԰Ϊ׵İҹ½УӰ˴ڡ
һ꣬һ꣡
¾ѪͳԶˣֻǳħΪҸıòԱΪģ棬ڷֻһͨͨħ塣
ˣˡ¾Ѫ˵
šԵͷ´󣬶ʱס⡭
ǻ壿壿￴¾ѪҲһħ壬δ¾Ѫ̫ͣʱ䣬Ϊ¾Ѫֻһż۷尵ħѣҪǣԵˣһ꣡
һ˿ʧϣĻ壬ǹǰݵΪҹ½֮ҹ½ʮ˻ӭӹٰҹ½
ӭǰҹ½ʮ죬ħӹ״
ˣ룡¾Ѫ˵
šԵͷ˵ҹ֮ˣҽɭ
ɭӣҹ½ʮڻӭǰ빫ܹڰҹס¡﹧˵ȻʧԲǻ壬Ű裬ºҲ΢Щϲ
ǰҹ½֮ҹۣŵЩ߸ϵĻ塢ǰƨһ
ԣΪԲǻѪʧһ㡣
롣˵
ɭ롣
šԵͷûƳ٣ǰ˳̺õʺ̺¡
ʯ·Ѿ׼˳ܣħ
¾Ѫ˵ĲħһѪȼɭϵĵطֻһߣֻҪ߱ߵѪΪܵİҲҷǹмѡԼһУ
Ͼ֮ǰ¾Ѫʱ򣬳ԻЩģǰһк󣬱Ƿ
ϵѪ͸򵥣Դڱںϵħ꣬ǰ߱ѹڣȻǰֶݵħ壬ں꣬ȻҲ;߱Ѫ
ɭ
ߣһż۷ѣһû壬򲻻һ඼ֻһżħ壬һ
ϧֻһ壬ǻͺˡ
ΰɣɲôûģҿҲ£Ҳǵˡ
ֻǲ֪ǰʲô飿
ʮٸڰʶϹͨۡ
͹ߵˣʱȻǰ¾ѪУһƽʵ
¾Ѫҹۡ¾ѪΪħ壬Ȼǰҹ½İħˣݺ͵λҲܹģȻǳԵˣҲûбֳưǶ԰﹧мѡ
˵Ҹ湫ˣǵʱЩˣǹӴȱҸҡ˵֮ʱǰԵıӰг˹͸м
áΪһۣʮɾһκǰ˵ѣᱻ֪οֻһżǿߣһ۾Ϳ¾Ѫ˵Ƿθ֮ԣ֮ΪĽ˵
Ľһżħ徹Ȼܹһߣֱ£ֻһû塣
Ҫ֪ħ磬µħڻߵĴڣ޼ħʱ˵ԺԲơ
Լǡ¾ѪҲͷ˵
Ұҹ½ǱͰҹңзԸֱԡ¾Ѫһ¾Ѫ֪ĺ壬˵
ۣʵӼѾû䣬ֻʣһˡ¾Ѫż򵥡ֱ׵԰ٵĸԹһݣһû幫ӡ
һУﶼţΪû壬Բڰҹ½
һ幫ǰҹ½Żỳɣ۹Ȼܡ
ԣ¾ѪĻ


1036 ͼ
ţ¾ѪʲôҪ߱
˾Ͷлˡ¾Ѫ
ʱԺȻʵҹ֮Щǰͬһʲô
ǧ֮⣬ǧƵİħǰͬһԼһΡ롢׳ۣħĳǳء
ӣһ֮ǰħ罻ӵĵطһ̫ſռ䣬м͵ôĵرҩؼɼȴΪƣſԽ룬ħԼӵйͬȨ
ǰһ˵Լһһǧ߿Խ룬ʮǳĴｫŸÿһ½磬Ұҹ½Ϊ֮һֵһ
һʮ𣿡ü
⡭⣬֪ǰÿһ½ʵֵġ˵
Գһ
ۣǲ֪Ҽҹܷõһ¾Ѫʵ
ǰ⻰ԵͷΪͷҲü˻ǰ硣
ŶҲȤμӣʵֻһ
ţд⡣Եͷ˵Ȼҹ֮Ļˡ
ЩģȻ̫ſռ䣬ΨΪſԽ룬ֻǾżǿߣҪ֪˴βμӵһʮǿ߰һ壬вҪ￴˳һۣһżħ壬Ҳǿ߶֡
˵ұһȴʮᡣ
Ҳ⻰˼ֱ׵˵ǹΪ̫ˣǲҪȥϹˣ̫ˣżΪǲҪȥˡ
ȻҲ˼ˣο˵ȷʵ
û˵ʱСк޲Լһ⣬Լɲ˷ᰡҲܼȥĬһ£˵μӣΪӰűμ
áЦ
һյʱһƾްԵĳгǰ༸ͨ˴İݺᣬĿóʮֵķ١
ǣΪǺڳǡ
йڳǣ޽øûʣ׳ۣĻʹһ㡣
Ȼݿɱȵˡ
ڰҹ½ǵ֮ߣֻһ𾴵˰ˡ
룡˵
롣Ե
ܿ죬ԾڰĹӭ£ڳǡ
ӭĹߣͬˣӭһ㡣
Щǰﻹʮ죬ûκ飬УҲ︹̶ѡ
ԴˣҲ⡣
ô˵ħ壬󣬱Ԥ϶Ҫ˳һжù鹦ħΪӵѪͳ
ûʵĹŸħϷһ

Ҳ𾴳ԣֻһ֣һһģһıԱߣ˵
롣Լ΢΢ͷϷһ־µζ
ɡ˵
ʮ¾Ѫǹؾصվ˳ԱߣͬҳϵȮ
ǻӭɭҰҹ½˵
žžžʱһƬ
ֻһűɴħŮӸ裬дߣһ㣬öʮֵܡ
žž
δ䣬ֻһޢ껪ħŮʢ߳͵밢Լڽǰ
롣Ц
롣Ц
ҹһɸƽظ裬֮һɻա
Ȼһжǰﰲź˵ġ
ԴˣȨһϾµĴҲôɣҲоõλҹ½֮ԴԼֱ˼㣬ԼﶼûôðɣԵȻΪΪӵѪͳԵʡ
ͼǳԵĲ롣
ûеĻɲţΪԼѪͳͶԴԼ𾴣Ͼһ͵װ
û˵Ҳûᣬ˶·Ĭһ㡣
˰ﰲųסһûʵ¥У齡
ڶ죬ǰ
ҹ֮ˡЦ¾Ѫ˵¾Ѫ衣
ǡ¾Ѫ
ɭҹϢɺãʵ
ǳãѾܾûϢôˡһ˵˶٣˵һаҹס
ŶҲһ߹ӡ
˵
áͷ˵칫˵飬Ѿ˰ţҴǽбһ֮󣬹һ˱һʤˣ㿴Σ
ˣû˵Ҳף⣬ҲԼĴ㣬˵ã¾Ͱհҹ֮İŽС
Ǻã֪ղ˵ʲô飿˿ʵ
ԽʱУҪ೤ʱԵһΪڴ˱չһ˵
ţһ֮УһĻԼҪʱ䣬Ϊǻ׼㹻̨ͬʱбԣȻҪһЩʱĻҿԽƳһЩʱ䣬ΪǸ̫ſռ佫¾УһߣҪǰа½ڶ߻ϣȻһ̫ſռ䡣˵
ˣһº֪ͨҾͿˡ˵
áͷ˵ҾͲˣǡ
롣Ե
ͳ¾Ѫǰ˵ˣھͱչ𣿡
ţڵԪѾѹһǳǿĳ̶ȣ˴һپͿԳʦܹһ׾Ͳ֪ˡԵͷ˵Ϊһڰмƽϣ㲻ùʡ
ǡ¾Ѫݵ


1037 ͻ
ãһ·Ҳˡ˵
ܹΪ˰£¾Ѫࡣ¾Ѫ˵
ǺǣѾʱˣһҶԵһЦ˵
ǡ¾Ѫ
ݣ
ڴʱһһָӡҲ֮¾Ѫ֮ͥС
ˣ
ֻ¾Ѫһ̧ͷһ㵣˵ˣ㡭ţԾȻ䡣
ȥԼɡ˵˵꣬ͽݣֱڵϵ¾Ѫ

ϥԷ·ʲô鶼ûһʼ硣
ʼ硣
ҹ½Ȼֻǳȴ½Ҳ½Աģ½һǧϣعŨ񣬳ܹоõһ½أ޷ҹ½
ܿ죬

һħڳ뵣ħƣԪ˲ڵڹĵͬһ㣬һ˸һˣԪӵתȫ죬ͬһڳһ㡣
ˣˣˣˣ
֮ڣԪϳ𣬹ĵһƬ
ۣ
һ̣һƬ·ƿ
һʦ
һͻʦûͣһ̣ͻơ
ʦ
ʦ
߽ʦ
ԪһͻƵ߽ʦ
ǰһ̣ԻֻһŽʦȴǳΪһ߽ʦ
߽ʦ½һսʱ򣬳ڵԪѾﵽʦٽ㣬Ҫͻһס
ܹ֪һ̫֮УǣħľӢʮǿ֮еٮٮߡ
ҹ½ʮˣһ£ʮڣȴֻѡȡһˣеѶȿ֪ˡ
ԣԱӵǿʵ
ȼ磬һ˵ûһŵľ徳绮֣Ҳһ׺㶨µľϵһʮ԰Բ˵ֻǾżǿߣͻ߽ʦҲֻǴﵽʮڵĵز
ͻư˽ʦʮڡ
ৣ
ʯڳܣأȫѣһƾյһɶ
ƣ
Դһһ˽ʦ
¡
ܿռ䶼һ𣬷·Ĥһ㣬վͻ˰˽ʦ
áԴϲ
սҪ㶨һ¡
ңҲﵽĽף־ֱӳףһжΪħԵʣǡ־Ķޱȵļᶨ˵ֻҪħǲϵĴԼ־
̺Ч˼飬һܹۣǾǽͻڳ˵ֱ׾١
񳽻ĴħδСɣҪŬ򣬴Ҳˡ
ͨǳԵƣױȣؼʱ̱ĶҲ֪ʮͨʮɷͨޱȣ˵Ƕ޼֮κ˿ĶʮλĴ
һ֣컯ܶҪᡣ
һ㣬ļУصʮ½Ȼûʲôڰҹ½ܹ罻ͨĴ½һȥԵľɱ¾
ԣؼʱ̣ԲʩչҪʩչҲҪɱ֣ûԱ֮֮ǰ
ֻʱȶ֮󣬳Բͨذε˹ͨҹ½һ˵󣬶ʱڷռڣϾħĵ̣һͨذε֣˿ɲܳǲ壬ɱ
ħ֮Ĺϵ
Ĵڣûһ߸ħĵ̴󵨳֣
һ㣬ͨʮ⣬Ͼħʮ˽ġ
ذεҲͬ⣬ΪҪ䵶ȴ˵̫ſռ䣬ܷҲȥ
飬Ȼͬ⡣
ʱ仺š

˫ۣĿһ·Ŀռ䣬𣬴򿪷š
ˣҾߣȻҿԻȥҵļ˵ѾˡŸմ򿪣¾Ѫ͹ǰ˵
á˵ңԺΪյľеˣȥΪһס
ǡˣ¾Ѫһ겻ѣǳԣ¾Ѫͺޱţ񶼻ǵԼγԵĻ棬Ŀʱֻһʦѣʱ䣬Ѿʦ츳·ŵеҲ˵һš
ԣ¾Ѫڳԣ֤ͬ漣һ㡣
Ϊյľڡ
ȥʱˣʵ
һ죬һ¡¾Ѫ˵
šԵͷ
ˣԵĵһѾˡ¾Ѫ¶һĨ֮ɫ˵ɯһʮǿߣǴǧʮǿȡõһ仰Ůǿͬеٮٮߡ
ŮģԾ棬գʵͰʲôϵ
ӢǰŮ¾Ѫ˵
Ѿмֲ²⣬Ҳһӣ˵ˣұõ͵Ƿһɡ
˵ǡ¾Ѫ˵
ȥɡԻ˵
ǡܿ죬¾Ѫ˳ȥ
£ϵһˮ˴ĵɣ
ƽһ£
ǺǡԺһ裬²豭ǺһЦ
ߣЦʲôڳЦʱһ˽߽֮һŮӣһ룬һ˫ʯ˫ȥһֽ֮ǽߵģһ˿


1038 ɯ
ôЦˣԿŴŮЦ
ߣЦûǵҪͱǵˡŮһŭ֮ɫ𳽻Եݣѹ
ǰɯʵ
ɯ°ͣӭų貵Ŀ⣬һ£Ǻݺݵĵųԣ·ڸﲻ㣻
Ȼܿ찢ɯ˵ɭɲǲ壬Ὣø㣬㻹ǲҪˣҸѾˣֻһżǿߣʮڣǱĶ𣿡
ԣΪԼ棬㻹򱾹ɡɯһΪõ˵
ˣݸһЦ˵Լȡһûбȹô֪ҲĶ֣ҿҰɣ
ң㣿ɯŭΪá
ˣȥɣұ̨ϼԵĵ
㡭ãվͰͷֻ֪һûѣ㣬Ұɯɲ㡣ɯĿһɣҧһ˵˵꣬ݺݵ˳һۣ·˵รɣȻ뿪ˡ
뿪ã¾Ѫͻˣ˵ˣѾ˼߰ˡ
ãͺúϢһɡԵͷ˵
֪һȡζһµսʼ
գԼħĵһս
ҫҹƬãأɢǵĹԣˣվƬϣҲоһ֮УħͬħҪĻħ
ԣħħѵ֮أһħид
԰ʱʳðħ֮󣬳¾Ѫǰ
ɭӡǰ
ҹ֮ˡԵ
ߡһԵİɯȴһ·𲻴幫ӣһһȹǰ͹µӣͬһֻһ㡣
ɯСˡԺЦ˵
ĺܲҡɯ˵
ǺǣҲɡԴݲȵ
˰ɯöɭ񡣡Ůǰġɭӡгһ㣬ʱüһתԳ˵ɭӣԵĳؾͰڳڵİҹ㳡ϡ
һͰҹ֮Ե
ɭӿˣ롣ЦŰ˵
šԵͷ
ɯʼնδ볽˵һ仰˳ԲƣСҲδ̫Ƣ˰ɣ
һһ˾߳ҹһĽֵһƬڳ֮һĳϡ
Ѿۼħ꣬ǾżʮǿߣҲвٰҹ½ܣʮȻڡ
ɯˡ
ۣɯеŮ̫Ưˡ
ɯòױȣ͸ǰҹ½Ĺ
һ˲Ծ͸о˰ɯڰҹ½Щ꿡еĵλ
Щ֮ɯɵĿ˳һۡ
ŶվڴԵǸҪսɯ幫𣿡
һ˶ѣɯսģ
˵ĺãһû幫ӣǰҹ½ۺдӦøеҲŶԣھȾָֱǲѵΪԼ幫𣿡
꣬˵Сһ㣬û幫ӣλҲǿ۵ġ
ǰҵҪ㿴İɯܵģˡ
వħ궼ע⵽˰ߵĳԣ۷׷ףȻЩɵȴǶӣԿС
ৣ
ɯ˳һۣķӳȥһֻѪۼһǰһ̨ϣ̨ǧɷԲ㹻˱һ
ɯʤɯʤ
ɯһڸ̨ϣ˷糱ˮһźжȰɯ
ǰսɯǲǷŭˣԳһЦ
ɭӲԷƱСŮܹ빫ӱһҡҲ¶Щ֮ɫǺǫ飬Ұο˵
ˣ
ͻȻһ죬Ӵһ
ȫྲ
ڣɭӵǳһ
ৣ
ո𣬾ͼһӰϸ̨һ꣬ڷ˿һ˫ڣ⣬ʮΪչ¶ɡ
˭
ɭɣ
Сӣɭȥǽ㣬Ҫ
ˣɻ󣬾Զɻûȥɣѵнɭˣ
ߣ
ڴʱһһɽɫɢ
ʡѪ
찡ǻѪ
ѵҲģ
˼˴ʧɫȰԣ𾪣϶¶֮ɫ
ѪǿǱ߹Ķడ
˰˹Ի塣꿴򰢷һ԰˵ˣŮһսȡ̫ſռ
ԭǰ˹ӣˡɫЩû뵽ʱȻһȳӵѪӸ߹ĻѪ֮ˣ˵øеԲǣ˹ǻѪ
ǣǸ߰񣬶ܰħ˵Ĳм˰УԼĳƺǰˣȻˡˡ֣볽Գƺġҹ֮ǲʮǧ
ȻӵѪǰҹ֮ڴܣҲһûѪġ
ֱȨ
ˡ
ħĵȼƶȴðΣɱ
ߵĳһۣճ࣬ȻǰġɭӡѪԼ
һ˶ܵ˵𾴣οһף
ҪӰ˹ǰġɭӡѡ񣬰ѡߣԣһ˲䣬еĵλ˲١


1039 ˹
ˣΪһֻѪļһ֯һԣ᲻ӲμӰɣ˹мĿ˳һۣһ߸ϵı˵˵
ȻᡣＱæ˵ֻһЦҲҵ棬Ϊ֪Ⱒ˹¸ЩѪļ塢ܣҲˡ
ǺãԾͿʼɡ˹˵
ˡˣ¾Ѫǰ
ɭӣ벻Ҫ⡣
û£밢ɯ԰ɣƳһЩû¡Եĵ
áͷ󣬲κ˷еİ˹һŻ𣬻˵Կʼʤ߻ý̫ſռ
ɣ̨ϣ˹һɯе顣
ɭҪɶļһҪ㡣ɯΪԿɶ񣬵û뵽ϻбӿɶļһڣѵԼǿ𣿼ֱǲˡ
ɯ
ɯͣΪǵļһ
һûĻһﾹҶǴۺİɯ񣬼ֱĿˣ밢ɯһҪúýѵһ
ҿʼϲǸɭļһˣ˹ӿɶ񡣡
Ҳá
ɯڰҹ½ӵ㹻ߵΪó밢˹Ƚϡ
ЩԵȻһЦ
ԱߵİҲ¶һĨЦ⡣
飡
һ˲򣬰˹밢ɯһνˡ
˶ʮǿߣʵǿǰɯȻֻһŮˣȴƾԼʵҹ½ӱԼ˶Ϊɯ䡣
ȴǸо˰˹ǿսѾﵽ޵УѾ̺ܾˣ۰ɯֻǽڴﵽ޵вΣɯӮ沢
һ㣬ҲѾˣüͷһ塣
ɱ¾ģ
ڰ˹ϣӿֳ޾ɱ¾򣬲һɱ¾ݣһ壬ޱħɯ
һɯü΢һƢ𱬵ģͬ͹ըѿһ
ءһ
ɯ
ʲô
ˣ˴󾪣ɯˣ
ٺ٣Ůˣɡ
˹Цг˲м޾ɱ¾֮γһ޽նɯ
Ѫնɱ
ɯʣȣӭȥһѪȽҫʮأѪ¹ѹȥһҪոɯ
ûõġ
˹Цһ˫һӣɽأѪ±صһɯӵɳȥ
ɯ
ৣ
䵽ɯߣסɯû°ɣ
˷ģ˻мڶһħŮɱ֡˹һ߰˵·˵һƽ飬˶⻰˼ǲɱǲмɱ
Ϊɯûʸ
ɯＱæħԪŮĿĿ˹
ʲô˹ӭŰĿ⣬ӱ䣬棬Ӳһʵǻ壬ɱң
ңһѵŭ
ң˹Ȼ岻ɱ壬Ųҽ֮ˣУȻǺٷģΪ˹ûĻ̫̫ˣӵи߹Ѫһʱû䣬ֻҪʱ䣬ò˶þͻ
Ҳ岻ɱĸԭ
ҹ֮ס֡ʯ֮䣬һһڰߣӴȡһߵ˵ҩɯ¡
ɯмĿ˳һۣŮ
ȿȿȣסɯȳѪصĿ
лɭӡ԰ɯ˵ɭӸ˵ҩ
㣿ɯڸ׵Ļ˳һۣĿ⸴ӣĬһ£˵лл
һԽŵİ˹˿ǵİ֣ȴǶݺݵҳɳһҪɱİҹ顣˵ţĿ䵽ϣɱ⡣
ܿͱΣ˵ˣŮѾûˣչⳡԱȡʤҵˡ˵꣬»ָ˸߰Դ飬·Ӧһ
ڰҪ˵ʱ򣬳Цһûбأ
㣿˹⻰һ£ָԣЦ΢ļһ뱾ҿԴ¿˰ɣ
ɭӡͰɯŮһȴ˵ٷϻսɣ
ͣɶļһɯ򳽻ԣ˵Ը㣬ҲԸȥ
仰ϲЦ
ðɣɭСġҪֹӳԵп˼ᶨţǵͷ˵
Ҫ뱾һս˹׳ƵĿųԣӸ߸˵
㺦ˣԵ
һẦ£˹߳ŭ˵ãҾɱ΢ϣ֪ǲַġδ䣬ɢһǿϢ
ɭӴļһ

ҾͶģɭһҪ
еŮܵ裬ҹ½걩ŭĿ㿴Ű˹ȭźΪ
סڣЩİħ塣˹Хһŭ𣬿򳽻ԣĿ˵΢ϣҪ򱬡
¡
һ죬޾ɱ¾ϯ纣һ򳽻ԣ̺˿ɲħԪɱ¾ȭͷռ䶼ˡ
ն
ڳħΪһһʽħϢδʹ齣ȴԴΪ׼˫Ϊڰ޴ĺڽͷն


1040 ս˹
飡
һ죬˷ֿ
һν֣¡
ã
ҹ½ˣߺкãΪź
ͻˣڹ̨ϵİ￴ųԣȴǳһ۾·˳ʧ
ô˸ףɯɻ˵ʲôͻˣѵʮΪ𣿡
ǡҡͷ˵˵ðɯԾ£һǰʱ򣬻ֻǾżΪѾʮˡ
ʲôôܣɯ˵
ѵΪῴɣһ֮ڣͻʮһٳС硣һ϶˵
⡭ɯҡͷԲŸ׻ῴڴܰһڳһ󾳽磬С磬δҲ̫˳Ծ˰ɣ
Ҳܴ˹
ɭӻǱһС硣ɯȻҲϣԴܰ˹˵ʵǾǰ˹ΪȳԸߣҰ˹ܹѾ˵ʵжǿ
ȻΪǵһμΪоõһͨˡ˵һŮɯɻĻ
壬塣ɯҧű˵
޹ѪΪֱҡͷ˵ˣǻǿӦ԰˹Ĺɣ
šɯͷ̨ϵĳԡ
ɱ¾֮裡
ɱ¾֮Ӱ
ɱ¾֮䣡
˹ɱ¾ʮǿͨ뻯һһʽأͨȻҳȱݣ΢ϣɣ
Ԫ
̬Ȼһ㣬ƽ˾ڣ˫޽ն£ռһһѹȥռ飬̨һѣѿѺۣ֮ڣҪɰ˹

һ˲䣬˹ͨͱԻ
ɫԣ
¡һ
ֻ˹ϰգհ£ϣ֮ǹְɣ
δ䣬һžһ֯ǿγһ޴Ŀնһīǹڼصһ˹ץУЦ΢ϣ㳢ΰİ˹֮ǹɣ
ݣ
һǹ̳ռ飬ħɢɿռ䣬羪һ㣬ݺݵĴ򳽻ѡ
͡һ
ȴ˳һѪ΢΢죬ɫĶŰ˹
ô֪Ұ˹˰ɣ˹֮ǹЦ
ˣ˶Ŀ򳽻ԣûг
ˡԵĵ
ΪԻԴļһ
ܺãӾɱˣҪֽŽϣ˹Ц˵Цݣôĸо
ݣ
һǹ̳Ҫ̴Եࡣ
ħ
¶һĨɱһһڵʯϿգϡɣԶϢɢһѹصϢһӣԾͽħ˳ȥѹ
һ
ֻ֮ǹ˳ȥ
ñҪˡ˹һĿ䵽ħϣ̰˵
ৣ
ȴûжħΪȥ
ն
ӿ᳹ɫţϼ㣬ħһ޴йУ춯صĺХն˹
һУɫâֹƺƴ󣬿ɾ룬Ű˹ͷն£صһ˳ȥ

˹ŭڣ˫Ŀ𣬳ɱ
¡
֮ǹֱײλɱ¾֯ͬ޴ʥһһңס˹ƥĳ̳ݺݵĴйУʱһž졣
䡱һ
ֻ˹йײ˳ȥ
ã
ˣ˷׷׽кã۰˹ɫȴԽ

˫ħƽȥһˣŲ죬˹ȥ
ͨ죡˹۾Ѫ죬·Ѫϳ˿ӵϢһնʱһ絹ͷϿգγһ޴ڿնһϢݶ
ֻһǿ糱ˮһӿη򳽻ԡ
ѹ
Աһ糤βħѹײᣬʱ𲻾ڶ졣
ն
׹ڳܣڷ裬ʱХǧϿձһ㡣
䣡
غȻһһɫĹ˺ضֱն˹š
ʲô˹󺧣ûȴǿվԭأʯɣ𣬿ħԪϯ̰˻֮ƣɱ¾һѪɫɫںϣɱ¾Ҳζɱ¾
ڸϣศɵġ

˹һƶŭɱ¾֮ŭ
飡
һʯƾ죬ϯ˳һɢ˷
أأ
ֻ밢˹˵˺
ʲôⶼɱ㣿˹ųԻվԼǰʱŭô
ҪˡԵ
΢ϣҸ㣬ҵġ˹ŭȻڳԵǿ󣬵ɲĿԴ̬·һ㡣
˼ˣǹЦ˵ɭӣ
֪ʵ
ǰҹ½
ɣﶪˣ
һƬá纣ˮһ㣬һ˸߹һˣһʹ˹ģ˫ĿѪ죬һͷڷ裬񣬺еұ죡
ৣ
ȫһӾ


1041 
ɭҪ
˹ޣ򳽻ԣɱ¾ںϣޱɱ¾֮
ɱ¾ռ䣡
һȣƶһƬѪռ䵱ճ֣϶ѹ£ֱӽ˹Уʱɱ¾ռɱ¾
⸱龰𺧣
̨ϣһƬѪ죬˵ӰͺѪ٣ɱ¾˼䣬ݻһ㡣
ȻôɯĿɴһԾ
ΪҲһͷ𺧣ͷ˵䵽ܹⰢ˹õĺã
šɯԾĵͷԼûע⵽˿ѾԵֶ
¡¡
̨ϣһ𶯷籩ռңӿ֣ɢϢʮֿ£˵
ءһ
ֻһӰ׷ɳȻǰ˹ҽУѪ䵽̨Ľ˺ۡ
ৣ
һֻ̣䵽̨ϣĵˣ
û䣬ȿȿȡ˹˵һԣǲѪ
ˣԽɭȡáʱ̨

ҹ½껶
ɭһڵġ˹ѵ˫ĿѪĶų˵
ţһ˿ɱ
ɭӣ¡Ｑæ
ɡԳĬƬ̣˹
㡭˹߳ŭǻѪһ徹ô˵ֱųɱʱ˹ֻ˵һ㡯֣ͣ£һ¸̨
˴Цɣ
ǰҹ½
ǱɭӴˣ
һǵĻ壬ôܹɭȣ
궼䣬ȻѾҲ˵Եġ
˹ɫѿĿ·ڵѪǿʧȺ֮С
ˣ΢΢üǷɱ
ɭӣϲʱ򣬰ǰЦ
ղŶлҹ֮ˡԹ˵֪ħȼɭϣô˵ɱ˹²õȵڶ죬ͻᱻħɱ
ɭһƬľͺá˵
šԵͷɯǸȻ˵ɯʮҪԲ𡣡
û¡ɯӵĿ˳һۣ˵ҲãѾ˵ˣ̫ſռ֮ʮΣգ߽ħһһţһţĹϵһһսвͻɥȥΪһѣĿǰҹ½ȡòĳɼҲǲİ
ǰ̾ɭӣʮΣգ˵ǾһΪҪСİ
šԵͷ̫ſռ֮Уȥ뿪ħΨһ
ɭӣһ֮Ҿͻǰа½μӴ˴̫ſռ֮Ув»ú˵˵˵
Ͱҹ֮ˡ˵
롣
ܿ죬һ˾ͻصڳǣԵҲһ촫ҹ½
ɶ񣬿ֻȥĴ½ȡˡҹۣ֮˹뿪˰ҹ½

֪һʱȥ
ڼ䣬Խ̫ſռҲ֪֮꣬ó˽ⲻࡣ
ֻԿ϶ǣ̫ſռڵԴʮַḻ͵ħ塢綼ǺģȥܹųǾһɳ졣
⣬飬ҪС塣
磬ħ壬֮Ѿã׷ݲԴͷ˵֮ħǶͷˡ
ԣԽ̫ſռ䣬һҪС塣
֮⣬ҲҪСħ壬ߵȼħ壬˹ħ塣
Щ飬Ｘ֪޲޲·ڳԣûܿԡ
ЩԶʮָм
ǽ̫ſռ䣬¾Ѫܸ棬Ծڰҹ½
ңѾһЩš
ֵһǣڴڼ䣬Ըİɯҳԣ죬УԿ˵忴񣬵֪Լ縺ΣǹͿԴ˰ɯƲ֣Ҳûа취
ҹۣ֮

Լ죬ͳǰа½
ݰ˵а½͵ħеٮٮߣǵ͵ħ繫ϵ䣬ϣŲٵڴܣɲҹ½㣬ֻһڣһֻǳڡ
򵥵˵Ȼͬǳ磬ҹ½а½ȫûпɱԡ
а½ǿļڣ߳һ𣬾Ϳ׾ٵҹ½
ڰ˵ģԶ
֮а½
˴һƬɵǰȥ಻ϵɽҲв֪ԴͷĺˮһƵɽа½ϡ
߰ɡȵа壬л̫ſռˣۣҪԼСģΪңҲ١
šԵͷ

ʮ˷У
Ըоа½ȻҲֻǳ磬ȴȰҹ½ֹħҲŨЩ
֮ҲȰҹ½ǿϲ٣һյʱ䣬ԾͿϰܣһ㣬Ͳǰҹ½Աġ
Ȼǵһǰ￴а½磬Ҳ¶Ľ˵ǰҹ½ܹһа½һǿʢͺˡ
ǰ
⻰׷˵а½̫ǿˣǰҹ½İٱֹܵͲǿġ
ǰ̫ſռʮǰҹ½ȴֻһ˵а½ȴǧռݶʮ֮һ󡣡
ûʲôȵģа½Ͼǳħмǿ硣


1042 ô
ЩҲ𺳵һ·ţȴΪȻ
ежǿ󣿡вͷȻ֮ǰ½һе磬ʱ½жʢ뵽½ٵԲ겻ѡ
ֹȥʱ䣬һʮˣа塣
˵һ壬˵һɽаɸߣվɽȥɽ
аİɽϣ类ڿһ㣬ɿ
ʱѾվ˲ˣ飬ȥͺһ㡣
Щ˾Ǵ˴ħһý̫ſռˡ
ȻԶһҲԿЩӷķһС壬С֮γɴ壬Ϊ֣ѪѪѪ֣˻ѪѪѪ˻Ѫߡ
磬֮л塢֮л塣
ֻٲˣһӴֶԣԺԲƣȻǶû壬òֻܴеõһ⣬ǵʵǿ
Ȼܹվˣһⶼǧڵٮٮߡ
ֹаۡħۡѪħۡħ۵λ֮Ψл߲ſԽа壬˵Ⱥ򣡡ڳһ˿аɾʱһֻվһڼױʿ
аܣҲŲٺڼױʿ
ˣɭӣǾͽ͵ˡЩź˵
лԹֵ
һСġ
šԵͷǰȥ
ƣڼױʿ
ţһ㶣һһСҹֵƳС
ȥɡڼױʿ

ԷӽȥħһƬ䣬ǰȻԼѾһƽ̨ϣȥħꡣ
һ壿
Գ̾ע⵽
ߣһûѣûʲô˲ġ
ֻʮΪ
ҲĴ½ҹ½֪ħ͵Уʵһλĵ͵磬½ֻһڴܣܹʮڵΪǰѾˣ
һֲֻ֪Ҫɱ١
Ƚɫʸҳ֡
ҵ徹ȻȽɫʮھȻܹһҪ֪Ǵ½ɲ֪жʮδģ֪ȥⰵҹ½
˰ɣҲǱɱǱЩɱ
Գ򣬵ĳҲļ
Ҳֲóԣ˭ʮΨһһʮأ
·δļһ㣬һ˵ĵط£Ŀ񣬵ȴڰʶ۲Щ˵ʵÿһڣΪͨޡ޵СǿսΡ
ԹעľǿʮħڣΪֻսεħ壬ܹв
һյ֮󣬳в𺧣û뵽ħôǿսħˣʮУһ
Щ˶Ǵһ½ѡģҲȻˣħ磬һǧĶڶﰡ
ħ磬֮ͬɳʮһ֣ÿһ½ʮˡ
һ½һǧڣֻѡʮǿߣ
⻹Ͽ
ҹ½Ļ½磬ǿ̣ҪһѴ֪ˡ
̫ˡھ볽ԲԶĵطʲôһҡͷ˵
ΤˣҿɲôΪŮ˵ܹоõǿȻصú
һֻʮڵļһʲô㿴ĸɶʮǿߣҸӵ޵вεսóսǾʦͼкǿԶ̹ǲӵкǿķ˵ĸһ𣬾һǿŶӣǿߴҲ£ǼһʲôΤ˵Ŀ˳һۣɨ˿һۣм˵ѪʲôûС
ͼǲΪأЩݵʵ
ͼһ࣬꣬ӣץԴ˵ҾΤ˵úܶԡ
㿴Τ˵˵
һü漴ͼ˵Ҿÿ˵Ҳԡ
֧֣ǷԣΤ˺˵
Ҳ˼ͼ·ܺΤˣæ˵
һǴҹ½ġʱǲȻ̧ͷ˵ĺС¶һĨܾӣ˹˵֪ҹ½һǧпܶӦǰҹ۵ŮɯŶԡ
ɯΤ˷·һ˿ȤʵǸҹ½һŮ
ݴҲһʮǿߣǰѾﵽ޵սΡǲ˵ҹ½ȴһ˵⻰ʱ⿴˳һۣ˵ҿɲΪһ׻ɵһӵѪʮڵļһ
ҲôΪ˵
šΤҲǱȻ岻ɱѪߣˡȴԵģҹȻҲʵû˶ԼŮͲǼ򵥵ˡ
룬Τ˵Ϊʵ
ԡͷ˵
ҲôΪǲ˵ûеĻǾֻһܣһʮڵΪӵ޵սʮڣҹ֮Ů
ôܣΤЦ
峤üȻҲš
ľѾע⵽ˡʱͼ˵
ûǣΤ˵
ǿ˵
šͼͷ


1043 Ŷ
ǣһˣ𣿡ΤЩ˵
ô֪˵Ѿ˵ȥ˼
ðɡΤƲ˵
Ҫſǲ˵
ͬʱ˳ߣ˵ǵŶӣ
Ϊʲô˫ۣʵ
̫ſռ֮ʮΣգеô򵥣˶ܱǿ˵
Ƕ̫ſռж˽⣿ʵȷʵܵϢ̫ˣȫ˽̫ſռ䡣
Ҳ˽ⲻ࣬ҿ԰֪ĸ߸㡣干ֵͬһ̫ſռ䣬Ŀռ䷶Χܴ󣬼а½С٣ȻǽȥѰ׼ȷ˵ȥ̽ա
̽գüͷһʵô˵
һĵرҩѧıأЩΪ͵˽ȥõЩ𣿡˵
ѵ˵лأʵ
ʵЩϢֻЩλߴİˣ̫ſռʲôҲ֪Ϊһֵˣս룬ͱɱ˳ڴܡ˵֪ν̫ſռѡ涨ɣ
ţһǧꡢΪħˡ𾪣˵
˵鿴ǳ飬ʵеڱݣ涨ģǱҲһʮĹʶ⣬ЩѪ֮Уеˡ
ô֪Щ𺧣Ǳֳƽʵ
ܼ򵥣ЩϢɴġɰ״ɰ׵֣˵ҽпԸŶ𣿡
ɭһ£˵ҲܾɡڰΪβ֪ЩϢԿԲ²⣬һûڶûʸ
ӭǣңҽ˸ʶ˵
šԵͷ˹ȥ
ɭѾӦǡܸ˵˵
ΤˣʮڣóսΤ˵
ͼʮڣóԶ̹ͼץԴ˵
ǲʮڣóǲ˵
ʮڣһʦҲЦҽܵ
ɭʮڡеͷԶ̡ս񡢷ĸ涼ˣԿ϶˵һǿŶӡ
سʲôΤüʵ
˶򳽻ԣ΢΢һЦ˵óɣҵĸƽҪ˵УǾܹڶʱڲĵȻҲΪ鲹ĵ
һʦԴϲ˵
ǵġԵͷ˵½ʱ䣬ѾΪǾʦԵʣˮ׼Ѿﵽ˺ܸߵˮ׼˵ʦΪڵ¯ǱȸЩԼԪͭ¯
һƷ¯ܹƳܸƷʵĵҩҲȸԴ˵¯ԪԵʡ
ѹҸоľǿͼ˵
ҲЦ
Ժȱҩˡǲ˵
šͷ
һԵΤ˼һԾͺͿɺһ˵ߣǴк׼˲ٲħԪĵҩɣҲ֪ǼƷʦҪ֪ܹһƷҩҲʦܹʮƷҩҲûãΪҪƷʦ
ߡԣݺݵΤһۣ˵ɭ⣬ʵΤͦõģֻǼеǿѣΪģ˻ᣬͻἵʡ
ǡͼǲЦ
ǡΤ˼ѶԼ̨ʱһƵӡ
ˣ΢΢һЦ֪Τ˿е˼νʦָܹʼۼʥҩʦǱΪʦֻһʦҲʮ磬ܵĴߡ
ʦָܹһƷʮƷҩ
ΤҩĲϣҲһԡԺЦ˵
˼ǣܹҩΤͫһʵ
û˵ܹƣֻ˵һԣΪûвϡԵͷ˵Ĵʵ½˵ҩĲϣһƷҩĲ϶ʮּѡ
ڵܹԪԭϹ֮ʱͿʼＯ׼һʱ䣬ǳ̷飬ԶȥƵĻᶼûС
ҲûСΤ˷˷ۣ˵
ǺǣҲȥĵطСһЦ˵Ҫ֪Ҫ֮һѰĲϣҵˣҲɭơ
ͼǲ۾һΤ˶ͷ
áԵͷҲǴϲ֪ģƷҩܹͻĻʣʮѵá
ǣ˾һŶӡ
ʱ仺ţƽ̨ϵҲԽԽ࣬һͷķվ˲ѪߣÿһͷǿʮڴڣϵĹԾ̫ͬһ㣬ҫķʮעĿ
ԵвҲҪǡ
ɵŶҲǿûгԵļ룬Ҳǿߴڣ˳ԣ͸ǿˡ
ȻҲڿУԾһлʰʦɡ
ʱԺȻоһ˿ɱ
˹ѭſȥȻѰҹ½İ˹Ȼ˽̫ſռ
ٺ٣ɭּˣϣˡɭЦףԸǧҪңҲ֪Լɱ㡣
ҲǡԻص
ߡ˹һٿԡ
˹ǸǴļһʮڣڰ˹һ겻мĿ˳һۣ˵


1044 ̫ſռ
ͼ³Ϊڵġ˹
ߣҪһһὫĽһһϡͼ³ںһ¶Ц
һߣҲ˰˹ɻʵɭôˣʶ
һӦ˶ѣǷģԼԵĵ
Ǹһʮڣͼ
޵սΤ˿˳һۣһ˾ޡ
ˣʱ쵽ˣǻǲҪ¡˵
ԵȻһЦ
ˡ
ȻһԽ죬ڻ죬аÿһ䡣
ˣˣ
ֻʮӰգ貣ʮڴܡ
ǿаۡѪħۡħۡħۡʱ˺
ȻҲ˳˵Ĺע
аϣɢͬǳ䣬ֱԣ·һɽѹһ㡣
ʱվа۷ˣ˴ǽΰħ̫ſռ䣬̽£סԵĲǿռввԱϣܹŽһ¶⡣
ǡʮӦǲǿڲӦľͲö֪ˡ
ˣ̫ſռ˵Ҳһδ֪ռ䣬ʣĻܷõԼСаӣ˻ϣ˵ˣ׼ÿһǧ˳һս
ݣݣݣݣݣ
δ䣬ӲԶһɫӰ·ɫһ㡣
ЩħսͨڣħɭȻħޡ
ǽаۻ˵
ȻǿսԼľ޴ӰЩĿ࣬ǵһμ˵еĿսϢֻļе֪ȴǱȼеսСһЩ˵ֻս
ֻս˳ԵĻɿЦ˵֣ǳܹôսѾˣһϣɲܺȣڻսûôࡣ
⵹ǡԵͷڳ磬սļߣҲǻʼսֻ൱һֶѣĻսɲҪһսһҪʮƷʯ
򵥵˵ϵʯһսڻʼսǿҪƷʯ붼롣
ôһսȴǷ࣬Яǰ鷳߶սҲһСĿӵһսĿǰܹõġ
߰ɡ˵
šԵͷҲˣ֮УԿΪ
ҵģҸɱҲȻһԶߣʶ΢΢һЦΤˣģѾӡ
ӣΤһ˿ȣʵ㲻˵ٻɣ
Ų㡣ʼ˵
ߣҲϲΤ˺ߵ
ϲأǲۣԽԽΤ˼ˣ٩
ңΤ˺ݺݵųԡ
ΤˣʲôʱȻתͷǡÿһĻ
ûûʲôΤһæ˵
û¡Ц
ɭΤ۸㣬͸˵˵
õġԵͷΤˣȥȷʵѾˣħġ
ðɣ㡣ΤԻ˵
ţſɲáԿΤˣǹһ˿΢Ц˵
ţʲô˼ѵ㲻𣿡ΤЩǺţȴЦʤˣȻ⳽Ե̬ȣʵ
ȻԺЦ˵
ǡΤʡǲ֪ôſԲ˭ֻ֪عͷһֵɨӳԺΤ˶ˣ˵ǲ˵ʲô
ûСԻûͼΤ˼æϵû˵ʲô
ģԲţǻ˵ˣλ°ɡ
áΤ˼æͷ
Լˣ΢΢ҡͷǰΤ˿Ĳ˼ˡ
󣬳ҲŹ۲սһǧˣҲоĿռܴ󣬺ܿ㡣
ˣѾʯˣһҪһսȻǻʼս͸ˣϾ磬ҪĿؾѰҲ磬ûػԪܹӵһսͷˡ
Ҫ֪һսٶȣÿСʱа½һȦҲֻҪʱ䡣
ٶȣŸ泽Ѱҡ
ʱ䲻֪š
Ҳͨ໥˽⡣
ȻѾõ׿ڳϣѾţͿ²죬ΤҲ齹ǣЩζ
ʱ仺ţ
ʱǰʱȥ
Ҳ͵ʱ򣬲ŵ̫ſռ䡣
ս˰ʱ䣬Բ߷еĻ֪Ҫòܹ磬ҪǣϵʯɲԳ
սԵ˶š
ˣǲ˵
šͷ
ǰһƬڰһֺ嫵ĸо

ʱа۵˳Ͽգ˵ڿʼ̫ſռ䣬ס۳ǰ˵һУ̫ſռ俪ʱ䣬Ϊһ꣬һ֮󣬻صǵĳص㣬λԻ´̫ſռ䣬ʱϣܹȫų
һꣿ
⻰˶һû뵽Ϊһʱ䡣
ȻôΤ˾
ϻ̫ſռɴ½屶֮࣬ʱܹ鿴еط𣿡ûĵ
⵹ҲǡΤЩƵĵ
Ǻǡˣ˶һЦ
ˣڴ̫ſռ䣬˳룬ɻҡа˵
ȣ
ྲһӴһ졣


1045 龪һ
ˣ
ʱ˶о˰Ŀռ䲨

һаɵĿնֳ֣״
ʼ롣аۺȵ
ৣ
δ䣬ǰսǰħնһսɵķɳȥ
Ե˳սˡ
ٶȺܿ죬ʱֵ˳Եˡ
ৣ
˽Ŷӣն

һתǰһ䣬²ʵδü۲ΧĻһɲϡƾõϯһʱۡ
󣬳˲ſĻǰһ޼ʵ󣬹ľһ˸ߵӲ洦ɼ紵һƬžһŸС
ŨΤ˾Ƕ
˵̫ʱûħ֣֮ʱ˵
ɴ½ħ߳屶ǲ̾һʱ䣬ǶпͻȻܹǿսͻƵĻ͸ˡ
˵ĲһƬءΤ˵
Ҫġܣѵ
Χվ˲ħ꣬ͣã뱾½ŶӣѰһȥ
Ƭܴ󡣡ˮtǰü˵
ڸôͼץԴʵ
뿪Ƭ˵
ûЦȴǳʣƬ̫ˣ̽ⷽԲʶȻоƬ
Ǻãɡ
ৣৣৣ
˷ɳҷľ衣
˷Ҳгǧħ꣬ǰв١
ɳû
ƺһͷ
ޱ޼ʵʮ˽룬գ۹򣬾ͿһӰ
һǰһֱδ˵ҲûΣգʱΤ˺Ȼ˵ûʲôΣգ
΢΢üȻ˵
֣̫СˡΤں
Сģʱ
ݣ
ڿո֮ʣֻһɺˮǰԪĵطٶȿĲ˼顣
ط
ǲ׵壬˫ȭһߴʮɵɫǽڳǰһѹȥ
ǲɵúáΤ˽е
أ
һ죬ǻɫǽھķѣֻһͨɺľ޴Ծһһ㡣
Сģ̫󨡣
ҵġΤ˱һ֮ͻ֮ӿ֣һ£ɷ壡һ䣬ķռһ죬·⵽˼ѹһаɵĻɽ֣̫󨡣
̫󨱻Уȫȼ棬ӤĿʱ䱻ճ˻ҽ
áе
龪һΤ˹ɵЦ
СһЩˣ㻹˭֪ͷĳ˵
´ע⡣ΤһЦ˵
ߣò˹ؼ汸ݺݵΤһۣ򳽻ԣ˵ɭû뵽ȻһǿһЩ
ǰô֪̫󨹥ǣͼ
ֻǿһЩѡЦ
ˣǽĵһϮ˵ǲķҪǿһЩΤ˵ĹҲҪǿ΢΢ͷԳ˵ԭΪҵľ֮ǿģڿǿ͸֪ܵʱѡ
õġЦ
ߡ̫ſռЩ֣Ѿ߱˻εȴûлΡ
ӦǱˡԳ˵
ţܣ֮һ仰ǲܴ⣬һʱ䲻Ҳ̡
ԣ˶ͷ
һȴԶȻŶӵĸʵǿŽȴ£ŶӵҪڸ
һٴγ
żҽ˸ȥʱֻӲϵѪ
һ£˶طǴô򵥡
ҪǣƬ̫ˣѾǰ˲ûпͷ
Ϣһ°ɡʱ˵
áΤ˵
šҲͷôõ·ȷʵϢˡ
̫ſռܹ֣û̫ɵģҲкҹⲻѾ
ҹ
ǲڵһͼڶΤ˵ԵĸǵǸŮӣһҹ
ķ䣬Ҷû
ϰҹֻܰż΢紵ڵ˳ԡ
˿ֻ̫̾ʱˣˣҲ׳˯ʱΣʱпвĵط߶úõϢһ£ҲЩˣⲻϵۣھϡ
Ϊ㲻֪Σʲôʱʮֿߵ־
ʱûΣա
ڹľԵϣܣĵģҲڽ˼δҪߵ·ھ̫ͨſռ䣬ǰ磬ȻҸطȡ̵ʱͻǰе硣
Ϊֻо߱Ϊܽе磬Ҫߵ磬ҪΪˡ
һжΪе͸ߵ߱ǿĹռǿΪ޷е֮Ŀռݡ

紵һҹûͣ
ǿĳȴ𽥸оԽԽǿֻǵٶȺ߶Ѳ
ʲôطԾ𣿡Ȼĵ˫ۣƮƮ䵽ߣһŮе磬ԱǼ䣬ʮֵĺš
ûʲôҲ̫ˡЦ
طܹŹ֣˺ѹֵĸоھϡ·ַ·˵
Щһܿ͹ȥˡЦ


1046 
ǽɲΪϢΪ˱ǿǵĴ½ǿ˵Ҳǰɣ
ô˵Ե
ҿó£ҶҪ˵Ϊ㣬Ϊˣ
СԵ
ǶеĿꡣ
ŶĿʲôʵ
ǰΪ˱ˣΪ˴½ԺֻΪԼ˵ģҺʶһЩе磬߸ߵʲôӣҰҹգ㽵˵ȥ硣
磿
¶һĨ̾˵ûôɭϵĵȼƶȣ޷ģӵ
ټ˵壬Ҳôá
ǰħһ磬ͻ޾׷ɱħҲһ˵ֻҪӵǿʵͿԼġ
仰ͬ˵
أ򳽻ԣһ˫ʯĿĿ
ңԵ
šĵͷ
𣿡Ц
񣿡΢΢Ծ˵һΰĿ꣬ҿɲ롣
Ϊʲôʵ
֪ΪֹѾжû˻ħ𣿡ʵ
ɣԲȷ
Ѿһˡ˵˵ÿһ꣬һˡ
ڣ΢Ծ
š
ϣл㡣˵
ңָԼЦ
ԵͷΪǾĹؼҲôαˡ
֪öࡣ˵
ҿ壿Թ
ϧֻһû壬Ѫûһ󡣡Ц
ðɡԿЦ
ԿʱһЦ
ǰʲôȻԿԶԼԼ·һ˫ӨӨ۾
á̽еǡ
ѾˡֻǲͰͼΤվŭ֮ɫ
˻˻˻˻
ͬʱһ˫˫ӨӨ۾ڳܣҴ綾ӵʮֵĴ̶ЩŹԲǶߣڿǵģһ㣬ȴ˫ĿԲ﷭һ㡣
̫Ŷ򾡣
ߡ˵
ৣ
˷ʡ

ȻԤϵǣֻһֻֻ󣬴չһ˫ĳЩÿһ򾶼аɳżʮв١
ô죿ǲһʵóٶ
䣡
һХֻͼһжһ˹ͨڣɢһɿ񱩵Ϣ
ۣۣۣ
һмУС
ɷ壡
Τһ֮ͻ֮ӿ֣һƬϯֻһɽʯ콵һ㣬ҳȥʱѪɣѪĽҽһƬ
ɣǧɽǲһһɱͬһ֮ӿɢζնʱһһӴޱȵɽ֣һХ¡
ءһ
ֻʮ򾱻ҽ
£
ʱʩչ˾񹥻ۣһ̫ľ磬ҫ˷ڰյЩԺʱͬὦڻϣήȥҲ̶á
δͬٲһ㣬̱ȥ
ǳǧ򾣬ϰ٣ҲʲôǵطӵͷƤ顣
廷׷ɱ
ǳӣ
ѹ
ΤˡǲͼʩչɱУȥֹ財
̫ˣôɱɱꡣͼ
Τŭ
ÿֻǲХһⲨ糱ϫһɢȥӡϴԣһֻ޴ޣѹ˷ǧɣ͵һƣʥܣ
¡¡
ǧɵǳסӿ򾡣
أ
ʱ𲻾ڶĳ
̫ˣ¼ֲ˶áǲ˵
ǧľżʮ򾣬һǿǱʮǿ߶Ҫ
ৣ
һ˲˷ɳ
أ
һը죬ֻǱը̶˻˻ǳǧȳһϯա
Τŭ
̫ˣֵסЩ򾡣ͼ˵
취˦ǡǲ˵
롣üЩﲻ̣ʲôʲôǰ涼ûͣŵĵطˡ
һȥǰһŹľûУһԲʮﶼƬȻϰƾȥĻϣã
ԡԺȻ˵ͣ
ɭ㲻Ҫ嶯ߡ
ԽԽ࣬ǿǿʮǿߣ˵һʮڣǿҲֵˡΤȻ֮߳ĹϵҲ֪¿ǿЦģܻ˵

˵ʱ򣬺Ȼһ߿
ֻгһǧɵľͨ׹⣬޾˺ѳ
˷
ʩչ˻̫ɢȥͷ·ʣݳȥ
ء·𳤳һ㣬͵ͣڰУҵȻͷ­һĤݵӡ
ƽֻи߿
ʲô龰˶¶ɫš


1047 ߲Ԫ

ȶһӸ߿ʯƾնһ·Ҫ
˻˻˻˻
ǧң֮ơ
˻
ԼһϲڴʱͻȻһ൱¡
ãɫ䣬ԣߣ
ϣΤ˽е
أ
ԲһƬը죬ޣֻڣͬһ㣬ðݣˣɸߵˮض·ڲ·о޴ݷҪһ㡣
䣡
һ죬һǧˮ֮£һ޴ªԴһ˫ӨӨ˫ۣôɢ˵Ĺԣ˲

ˮǧˮˣʮˮһ볽µ߳ڰУſᣬգɿ㣬ſûݣ޾Һľ޿ڣˮҺ޾մԡ
֮ܣ
̫һ޾׹ĶƳǰסŻҺ
˲
һ̫֮ʩչͨ
أ
һ
أ
ڶ
أ

ÿһǹԲȥһ֣кǿĵԣͬ޻һ㣬ģȥַ
ɶ񣡡ˣŭ쳹ء
飡
ת̣
趯
ͬʱΤˡͼǲ˶նɱɱ
ء
һͣסҽ
Ԩ
ʯ֮䣬ռ䣬Ժͬʶ٣޾Ԩһ㣬־İ
֮
˲䣬Ҳʩչһ֮ľ񹥻һͬԺ
ءֲǳòԶЩżʮң˷Ӵܳȥ
أ
һҽУ걻ĨɱϢϾӴʬУһƬǵˮˡ

ˣ˶˿
ľȻôǿˣǿߵʮܹɱΤ̾㡣
ǰǰǲŴ˵
̫ˣ˿ʩչͼ˵
Ӧøлɭǡ˵
ţҲɭ˵ģ֪ħ壬ĻһΪءΤ˵ͷ˵
ǰͼǲ˶ͷ
ǺǣʩչͨͲˡ˵ӹϣҲöࡣ
ԣ˵Ҳʩչ˾ֻоֲԣΪԼо·ǽϢ񳽻ֲǽޣìܡ
ǸϽ뿪ɡ˵
ߣҿɲϣһΤ˵
ˣ˳һۣٶ˵
˼ӿٶȴԽ
˵Ҳ֣һУʮֵ˳ûκΣա
ȴ·ϿѪ˹ǣȻвħƬ
֮󣬳վľͷǰһƬ޾ɽɽ߹֮ƣľ񣬸޷۾ʱ޺
̫ſռδҲ̫˰ɣΤųƬƬɽ̾
ƬɽŨҲвٺöǲ˵
߰ɣСһЩ
ܿ죬˾ͽɽ֮УڰзС
𣡡
ȻһͷȼջʨӴĳϿг
ʨ
ͼ乭״ݵһħԪ۳ɵʨͷ­صһ㰧һϢϾ
ݣ
ͻȻһɺͷ˻ʨʬϣϽ
ٸһߣԸо˳һǲǵģûйˡ
ǰ˲ʮ·ޣﲻһƵء
ҲԽСġ
ǰǧһ·ɱ˲ޡ
ʱ˷һϼӲԶϿ£˲ʺһ㣬һɢ
ݳˣΤ˵
ǲ
СһЩ˵ֹǷ֣ߡ˵
ңδ˵
ৣ
˷ħԪǰȥ
һɽ꣬˾ǰһɽİɽϷһһ˸ߵݣӨ͸ͨʽɫһ㣬Ļ꣬ʮˣƬ꣬ࡢȡơ̡ࡢɫÿһƬ궼̴С
߲ԪݣΤ˺Ϳͬʱҩ֮һ
̫ˡͼǲϲ
һ¡һ仰ܿ˰˵ѾˣҲֹһ˷߲Ԫݡ
ǻƽ¶˾ɫ
ôûпΤɻ
ڸĺ棬ڸǽɫģûз֣صʮֺá˹
㶼ܷ֣Τ˾
ҵسǿЦ
ˣǸôΤĿĶ߲Ԫݣ˵ϾҪˣֻɲʲôʱ򶼿ġ
ǰһ߲ԪݿǼֵǧƷʯҶмУȥܹǧƷʯΤŸѵ촽˵
šͼǲͷĳǶˡ
ͳȻҲ뽫߲ԪݵõȻôףһۣǿ˵Ѿһ˱ȵʮԻƽǿûһᡣ
һԡЦ
֣ʲôõĽ飿Τʵ
̵ְ˵ǻûзǡ
ΤЦ


1048 ɱ
ɭ㾫ǿ㿴ǵʵΣ򳽻ԣȴΤһԾĿ˵ңɭ֣һ˿ɱ
ǵ͹ˡΤ˳Ծ
ֺǿһЦ˵ʮڣӵǿս
ʲôͼǲһ
ɲð찡Τ˵
׼ˡ˵
ৣ
ոǧ֮⣬ϿȵһߣӰһϣ¡
˻
һ˲䣬Ƕǻƽĥ̴Сͷ·ɫҺ
ͬһʱ䣬Ϸ˲ժ߲Ԫݡ
áͬ鶼̾һ
˻Ȼִ߲ԪݵʱһѪȻ߲Ԫݺſһڽֱһʱҽһһ
һԣ˾ȴ΢Ц
أ
˲䣬ǻƽսħꡣ
ɱ
ħ궼ʮַŭ
һӶǻƽʵȴǲεĻס߲Ԫݣõǰ˷ֺ
Ѫ裡
ħն
ţȭ
ϴսǻƽܾþռϷ磬Ȼʮޣսȴֻ൱޵вΡ
սʮֻ𱬣չ֣ը˷
أ
ֻһǿʮħһȭһǻƽۿѪĽҽ𣬳
𣡡һǻƽĶҺ޴Ļƽβһɨ
ħ죡
ֵħһںڷħŭ£һնڶǻƽߴ֮ѪѪһӿ໲ҽС
ɱ
𣬻ħն˶ǻƽ
𣡡ڴʱһ˹ſһ磬һŽӲӵڵڰеһת޾ƽޱȣɽƽľ۴⣬ħȵǱ
ն
һǿ߼ˣ絶ն£ڵصһڵ˳ȥ
𣡡ڵĶǻƽһȻԱ
ء
ʱһɿ񱩵ϯ궼ƺһһѪ
𣡡һǻƽçһ̵һӵ޵ս꣬βɨҲȳȥ
һ˷Ҳãɱħŭ˫˫ǻƽǿߡ
֣
ڴʱһ籾Դϯͬһֱ߲Ԫݡ

ŭĿ
飡
һҪסԵʱ򣬰ͼ乭ֻХס
ৣ
̳ʩչɱУǲо񹥻Τ˸𹥻
Щ壬֪𣿡ħ
ֹǡ
𣡡ǻƽҲ˻Ҫӽĳԡ
¾ƣ
ֽħ˫潣ն򳽻ԡ
أ
ԴһħصһɢһץȻ߲Ԫս˴С
ãˣ˶Ǵϲ

΢壬ϣ޿ˡɱ
ħ궼ӵѪ幥Ȼŭɶζû뵽ȻԼƤӵ£˱Ĵڣ޵ʮڣȴڣһֻ־Ϳɱ
һȺˣԼ߲Ԫݡ

˷ۣ
Զͼй£һ㣬֧ХһƬ֮·ɽȥ

ֵħ𣬻֮ڵһصһ֧ʱѾħѹǧɽһ㣬¡¡صһıҽһһѪ
Ԩ
ڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣʩչ񹥻
һֵħ˫ѣΡ
أ
Իħֱӽĳɷ۴⡣
ʲôһǻƽɫ䣬ɱ¶ĿųԣСӣԡѪ½ԡѪ֮ӣɱˣû˾ȵ㡣
ھû˾ȵ㡣ĵ
ɱң
׳աһħ
ͬʱͼԶǻƽΤ˺ǲ湥ע⡣
ʩչ񹥻ֽܵӰ죬ȴһޣ羫֮Ժȥˣɣ
׾̸֮оɫһ䣬Ҳʩչ֮ʩչľ֮飬ʱҽһɳȥԵħ֮ĳһѪ
˻ǻƽ˻³ɺӣȻҪԱ
Τ˴

ʯ֮䣬һӰסһХû˳ԶǻƽԱһɿ񱩵Ļ
ŵôУıס
û°ɣԿһסʵ
Τ˳һĻһ㶡
û£ллҡһ죬æ˳ȥ򳽻ԣ˵
ţһǵĴ䣬ƽ֡Եͷ˵
áͼǲ˳ԺͿһֿۣΤһۣǿ֪Τϲġ
û°ɣΤǰʵ
û£Һɭҡ뵽ղԼıסԣһ졣
ŶΤ˵ͷղһĻȷʵΣգԲֵĻбըĿܡ
ҵˡʱͼǲ˵жö䡣
ɡ˵
áǲͷöݸ˿˵ȱԺƽ֡


1049 Źֵľ޳
뿪Իܣ˵
š˶ͷģս˵עƭ˵ġ
ৣ
ܿ죬˾뿪
һյһ˽ɽ
ҪλҪͶҩһζ߲ԪݣһζǾѪ滨
ƬɽȻһƬأݡ٣Ȼûҵ߲ԪݣȴҵļҩֻҪҵѪ滨Ϳˡ
˶˲ѣҲ⣬ҪĻҪͻƾŽʦǿʵ
һ·ޣ˵֮£֮ɱ
ǰǣʱȻü˵
ǣͼ
СģѾв˽ȥˡ壬һֹųǣû˵ΪЩ֣ôгأȴûзκֵĵطСĽǱġ
ţСģܶ಻ɽͻƶһ̫ˡ˳һۣͷ˵
˽ǰС
ͬʱ˷ϰħҲųǣӵ
ܶɽһǣδ̫ˡ
СһЩ
ðûˣ
ܣħۼڳ⣬ѾһЩħУҲһЩڹ۲졣
ðǲ
֮СһЩٴζ
ԻܣûзκΣգԱҲûзΣգвõԤУҪϵϻãȴûз
һ뷨ȴڳԱֻЩðա
ɭ㷢ʲôûУ򳽻ԣʵ
ûУҲ̫ˡҡͷ˵
ûʲôΣգǽȥɡΤ˼ʲô鶼ѰʳԣЩܣҪ֪ǰɶѰԼİ
߰ɡԼһЦ˵
ҪСһЩʵ̫ˡΤһۣ˵
šͼǲͷ˵̫ˣһûС
ûΣգǽȥ
̫Сˣߣ
ò׷һǳأǿɲܷŹ˵ʲôأ
ʱܹ۲ħҲ׷߽޳ǡ
ͬʱҲڡ
ҷһ
ʼǻʼ
öʯ
ʱ˷һϲ
΢ϣ콫
ɱ
ʯǵģ
ħӵȥ
ʼʯΤ춼Ǵˡ
һ£ԺȻ˵
֣ʲôˣɾʲôûˡΤü˵һ·鶼ڳԵ⣬ԿӣʵȴӳԵע⣬ܲˬҵᣬһҪڿǰ֤Լ
ɭ˵Τˡ˵Ȼû˵꣬Τ˾Ѿ˳ȥѸٽֵ߽ʧ
ߡԼæ˵
ৣ
һŽţȥ

ʱ˷˲ҽ
ˡ
˽ȥһʮֵֽǰǰյĽֵü
ȥұߣȥߣһյҵûУصԼˣ˵еϵʽеĻϵΤˣס˲Ҫֿ
áԼСġ
šԵͷֵ߽Ѹʧ
ߡջĿ⣬˵Τ̫嶯ˡ
ͼǲһۣһ̾
ৣ
һԽһߴ¥󣬲Źһ䣬ûзһˡ
һ䷿ݡ
ৣ
ֻ仯Ա˳ħû˱ƣָӣʲô취
֪ˡԱͷȡӡһӰ߳ϻ˭
ϻã㿴޳ʲô˵طԱʵ
ֵĵطϻһ£׷ܣͫ׷⣬·ڴܡ
Աͳħûдš
֮ϻ˵ٵġ
ٵģԱ𾪵
һжǻ󡣡ϻ˵ֻΪ޷ˡ
ѵ߽һ֮Уǿ񰡣Աü˵
ϷԿ϶ǻ󣬵⾿ʲôҪʱ۲졣ϻŰ˵÷Ҳ˵֪Ͼǰܣ˵Ҳ֪һЩ
áԱͷ
˺󣬹۲ܣüͷ壬˵Ҫ
áԱͷħ˵ȥǻͰɣҪͻʦ
Ϊ𻤷ħ
ˣȥɣʱһ֪ͨ㡣Ա˵ǳԱ˼òžģΪħħ磬ǰ磬ħҲΪԺǡ
ãСġħ˵꣬ħ뿪¥
ৣ
󣬳Ա𻽳ͨذεˡ
ϻãҺذֶҪڴͻƣ㲼һ󡣡Ա˵
áϻ˵
ϷҲΪǻͨ
ǰˡԱ
һյʱϻ沼úһ󣬳Աذεʼͻơ
ħӾŽʦͻƵ˽ʦһʱ䣬ԱȻûôʱ䣬óһǧƷʯһƷʯΪ֮ãȡ̵ʱͻơ
ͻ˶˳£ˮɣϾֻѹƵһֱδͻƶѣ½гѾͻʦˡ
ԱʦȴǱħ࣬ûκ
뵽̫ſռǳ֮󣬳ԱҲȻˡ
ʱ仺š


1050 
죬̶֮ڣԱذεȺͻơ
Աذε˶ͻƵ˰˽ʦ
ͻƵʦΪͻƣҲ˲٣ʮ߰ģ񻣬㷢ӨƤɰ״ɰ׵ģͬһһ㣬һ˫۾һֹ龫ֵĸо
ãͻˡذεϲ˵
ţоԼӡĵͷգŴ۾ŷȭ˵
ȻѾͻˣڻ˳档Աһ£˵
⵹û£һҪȶһΪذε
ðɡһ
ˣȳȥԱЦ
棬ϻáͨۡ
ϻãôˣԱʵ
Ƕͻˣϻʵ
šԱͷ
˼һЩͷ˵һҺϻãԼ˶Կ϶ǳزǻôֻһֿܣ⸽һֻޡ
ޣü
˵Ǵ˵еޣһֶصı죬γɻ󣬾ͬ¥һ㣬ļֻͬޣûΪǿġ
侹ޣԱ𾪵
ǵģԭҲûǹһ£ںܾǰǰȷʵᵽϹޡ˵
ʲô취ȥԱʵ
ҵϻ˵Ըã뺢ͯ죬ҲŪһУֻǺѡ
棿Ա¶һĨŹ֮ɫ
ڴ˵УһֺܹŹֵޣ˵ޣ˵ޣŪһУûɱģֻһУ̫ˣԲɱ¾ᡣ˵ûκιġ
ôȥԱʵ
֪˵һ˵ϲˮӱֻҪһֱߣͿҵ
áԱ֪ͨħ
ϻõ˽ռ䣬Աһ뿪¥Ρ
ͬʱħѰҿˡ
أ
һڣΤ˱һܣˣݺݵ˵Ҳʼ
ɶ񣡡
Τ߷ޱȣȴ޼¡

Τˣס֣ҵ
飡ͼ乭£ֻʸͬ߿ǳ䣬һ㡣
£Ҳʩչ񹥻
趯ǲɽŭ𣬴𶯣¡
΢壬ǾҶԱ˳֣ͳͳ겪Ȼŭ˻е
أ
һ˲䣬ͼһը
Τˡ
˳ΤǰһпᣬֱˣǺ˵Բˡ
ȥ˵ҲʮΤ˵Ҳ֪ڲķʱ˵
ʥܣ
ǲǰһƬâƬⲨγɹܣִȥ
˷ۣ
ͼںԶ̹ǲ޼䡣
Ԩ
񹥻һƬڰϯľ磬ħһ㣬ޱߵ
أ
׵ģһ޴Ӱ£˻𣺡ȴûֹħĴ£صһĳһƬѪѪɣħ˽һ䣬ޱ飬ʵû°ɣ
ɭϲ
ͼǲ˿
ȸµҩħɫ԰׵Τһۣҩ˵
áӹҩΤ˷¡
뿪ħ˵
ͼǲǷΤˡ
һ£ʼΤ˸мĿ˳ħһۣ˵
ٵģߡħ޸˵
ٵģ˶һ򳽻ħ
ôǼٵģΤ˲ŵ˵
뿪˵֮Ҫҡħ˵֮ǰɳԱƿħ־ħƿأָħ飬һһﶼǸɾ䣬ȴһ˿ζ
ߡ˳ħһۣҧ˵
ͼΤһۣΤˣ߳
һյһ
Ϣһ£áħ˵
šͷ򳽻ħ·ʶһ
ôˣħʵ
оһת۱˲١΢΢ҡͷ˵
ԭҡħ˵
ԣɻΪħǱһˣҡͷ˵ˣô˵ǻʼǼٵģ
ǻʼһжǼٵġ˵
ôܣ
԰֣ļٵģͼǲɻ
֣㲻ڿЦɣΤ˻ָһҲЩεĿһۣ˵Բ𡣡
Ժ㲻ˣɭʱϵ˿Ѿˡ˵˺ܹһսǿߣ˺ֻܹǿֵʱһذܡ
лл㡣Τ˿򳽻ħ˵
áħ˵ղ˵һУģһжǼٵģǰǳء
ʲô˶Ǵһôܣ
˵𣿡ħ˵кǿʶϵ۶ԶܹоõԷϵڱŪһк󣬾ͽħ
ޣΤ˶һɻΨüȷʵ˵Ǵ˵ܹݻΨܲܿϹޡ
ħ
Ҳ֪ʲôޣΤ˶ʵ
ɭ˵ĻһǼٵġӵĿ˳ħһۣ˵ɭô֪ģ
ǳ˲Ӧóڵĵطħ˵
ô죿Τʵ
Ҳ򳽻ħ


1051 սǿ
ǿԳȥϣܹҡħ˵۷ʲô顣
⻰˶һ㶣˵㡣
Ҳǡͼǲ˵
ħΤˣЦҵȵģûʲôġ
ǺãڴϢ죬Ȼħ˵ʱ䣬Ǳħġ
á
ΤҲûοȷʵҲҪʱָܹ
һߣԱѾǰ
һֵһʱ֮˳
ࣿ
û뵽ﾹȻħˣһħ꣬Ѫӵǿս
ñˡħʮֿݣƮƮһ˫⣬ųԣǹһ˿Ц˵ʮΪߣΪҲҳڱǰֱǲ֪
ʣ
һɱħꡣ
׳գҲˣҶԱٳ֣ǻˡħ겪ȻŭһʮҲҶӵǿսʮħ忡֣ܳʱɱ⣬ƶһgħ˳ȥ
λӰ
гɷ籾ԴӳԱ磬մֺʮɣ৵һ£ζȻֿһһģһĳԣֱ߳ħꡣ
ǿߣȫԸ
ףȤħ꾪һЦ˵
ħţȭ
ͺһףħ˫ȭħ
衪
һţе쳹һ޴ţӳħƣһ˫˫ǳ˳ȥ
׹ǧ
ţħʩչһУһƬ׹ϯƾ棬һֻɰ׹ǣɢɭɭɭϢħǴһӰ
˲ڰ׹֮µӰȻ罣ѿռ䣬һ糤ذ˷һͽɰ׹Ǻɳȥ
ʲôħɫһ䣬ɲųӵսΪǵ˵Ϊ
ʣ
ֻǳû˵꣬һ̤׹⣬˻Ե
أ
أ
أ
һ죬ʱħ굹˳ʮԶ
ɶ񣡡ħ겪ȻŭΪһǿߣȻһˣֱǲˡһҪɱɱħƹ纣һĳһ˳УϿմ£ɽӣ
򣡡
һȣڹڳϣʱ
ৣ
ɫ䣬棬ƹһն£һ쳹˵ĺĳһĴ죬أʱħ경ˡ
ħ֮ŭǳ쳤Хɭްɱ
¡
ķռʱһɭһƬ٣һǧɵʯ£̻ޣһ־ϵĿֲУ˲
£
Խһ䣬гԴ䡢ϢӶն£С
أ
Ȼɭްʮֿ£һʹ£˳ȥħЦ˵ЦٵɭްǻʼƷѧѾг֮ƾҲֵҿ̫֪ˡ
ħ˫ֳֳ֮ƣħɭϣһħ񣬾ɭް򳽻ԣҪ顣
֮ܣ
ԺڷңгԴӿһ׹ⱬǰγһơ
أ
ɭް֮ϣһ죬ķѿħɣ
צ죡
Ƶ಻ƴһצϿ¡
ͨħɫһߣ㲻壬ô岻֮ܣһдܣҪϾʲôܴڣɭްɱ

޴צɭްУʱ̶Ĵ죬
ৣ
Ա˶ɫʼƷѧδҲ̫˰ɣһҧԴתԪâţն²ལ£޲࣬࣬಻࣬ﶼ࣡
ս
һȣལն£ض·һֲ״̬
ԵĸоΪͻʦ౾ԴͻʮԣԾԼ򵥡
䣡
·ɣһ㣬ལ¾Ȼֵסɭް
ʲôʲôħĿ࣬ţԼĻʼƷѧɭްȻԵˣʱŭⲻܣĿ͵ҧ⣬һھѪ
ৣ
һھѪ̺ħľɭްϣɺɫתΪѪɫͨѪӣʳѪ縡һ㡣
ܺãñٳ׶ŭˣھʶһЩռɭްħŭ
ˣ
δ䣬ѪɭްӭǣȷѪ꣬ųϢɲɭޣħɣ
ն
նննԴɱУնΪƷж׻ȸ䣬Ĵ޵ϡķΧϣ嫡

Х
𣡡
׻

ȸ
ˣ
ػ
¡
һԲףռɭް
ޣħɫٴδ䣬㵽
ɱˡԱ˵
飡
һ춯ش죬ӿԪħԪ裬Ǿ޴Ѫɫʯɳȥ
ءһ
ֻħ굹ɳȥƺһһѪ
ৣ
ԥߡ


1052 շ
㲻Ҫɱ𣿡Ա˵
Сӣа½ħ
ٷϻ˭ֹɱ㡣Աϵ
ãããٽվ͸ƴˡħɫ԰ף񶾣ҧ⣬Ѫ𣬡Ѫħޣ
䣡
ǣ֮ޣѪѪ˫˫ħƹܣأħ죬Ѫޣ顣
ֻϯһ죬һѪꪳϣ趯ռ䣬Ƴգӳԣ£˵΢壬ҪʬΡ˵֮䣬ꪻӳĴֽɵһ㱻˺룬Ұ
أ
һɨѪ磬һ𣬵ɳȥԪתѪڣһѪ
ħһ̤ѪʣѪɺӣһƬȷѪ꣬ͬѪһ㣬˫ꪾͬеոԵ
𽣰£
Աɫף촽ڲСɻۣ趯齣һɻϯռ飬֧飬ﶼ·ˡ
أ
𽣰ϣѪ棬ǿס
ƣ˭֪ħһѪꪶѪǣħڣһ𽣰飬صһڳϣɳȥħɴ󣬷·Ҫˣû
ֻۣԱһѪȵվǰһѪۣѪʡ
̤̤̤
ħһ̤߳򳽻ԣһ˫ۻ裬ն£·Ҫ롣

Ԫ𣬶ʱһ޴Ŀն۶ħϯһһɿֲħϣʱʧɫֵʮʮλĴ
ͣ
ɿնħϣѪĽ޷Լ壬ҽеôⲻܣ

Եͺһ౾Դϯǿ
ءһ
ֻħ걬ըѪĽѪɣһ㲻ʣıɿնɣֻʣĲҽڿ
ѵһ
ꪵڵϣһö䵽Աġ
Ƭ֮˵ܺãɭްԸħҲǲ
ৣ
´ҩԱ뿪
ܿ죬Ա˳߹ֵ֮ͣ˽Ųü˵󣿡
ৣ
ӡϻúͷԡ
һϻ۰룬Ц˵޲򵥰ܹû󣬻ܹݻ󡣡
ֻһֻޣԱҲʵ
ϻ׵
ǳжʵ
ޣϻ΢΢һ㶣Ц˵жϷǲ֪ݴ˵ԣݻĻ˾ܶס
ʲôԶʱһ漴о¶һ˿ȣޣܹΪԼľ޵Ļֱԡ
Ҫշϻʵ
ʲô취ʵ
ԵС֣һ˿ܣҪշѣ̰ԡϻЦеĵ
̰ԣԾϲû뵽һԻ
ϲĵرʯϻ˵
⡭Գһ£ҧ˵ˣѵһǧѷ꣬һȥˡ
ã˵ǿһԡϻ˵Ϸǵ㻹Ȫɣ
ԡ˵
ܺã߳ȥȻϷ򽫷㣬ܷոޣͿ컯ˡϻϷ֪»ûнշˡ
⣬𣿡һЦ
šϻõͷ
ϻò飬ֹͨ󣬺׾߳ݻĻ󣬵Ȼ޻ֻ겻޹ϵ
ˣס˰ɣ߳ϻʵ
šԱͷ
ϻúͷͽռ䣬ԱǰУǿ̸оһ˿ĿȥֻǰһĴָСӨ͸ѡ
ˮѣԱ΢΢ԾԺȷǻ󣬶һʵڵ
衣ڳԱĿɨܵʱ򣬺ȻһţУè˳ȥֻһֻͨѩףëףʮֿµ޳ڳԱĿС
ôԱһʮֵϲʵСһ̫ϲˣͬһֻС޺ӡ
ʵڲһоǰСһŪģ
Сһʮֵһ˫Ĵ۾Ĵתģѩ׵צӲժˮѳԣĶӲ֪ʲôģһ˲ͳ˴ˮѣûзֺ͵ӣһֱԸͣ
ʱԵˮѣ¸ͣһɰӡ
СԻԱЦ
Եûޣ˿ûиоԶһע
ʱȡһɫƿӣʢеıҺֻȡһΣһԲ̳װһӣԲƮʮɿռ䣬ڵ棬һҺͬһԲһ˵ɢ
ٺ١Լ¶΢Ц¿˳ŷƮޡ
һĻˡ
ֻɰ޳ˮżһ㣬һ£һ˫ںڴ۾ʱɴһƿˮʹſ㣬еһˮѵڵ϶֪

˳㴫ķ򣬹ַԲë׵ӣ׾óԽԽϲǰСһи뽫շˡ
ܿ죬޾ͿԲҺһ˫۾¶˳ɻצԴѽѽ·˵ʲôʱиˣȻһʱ䲻ǰ۰Ͱ͵ԲҺˮ˳̱˻ȥ


1053 ǸԻ
СһĴûзκΣգԲ̡
ȴһܿһһСӣĳԱһЦ̰ԵļһȷʵܵСɾСļһϰħΪһûıɱ
˭Сһʵţһеʼٸߣˡ
ڣԲǰһҺĴ۾˾ϲĺ˵ķ㣬¶һԻ顣
ֻóǣ̰ԵСһȴûнҺԵ
ѵϲԣҺˮѶҪǧٱСһ̫Сˡ
һյʱȥ
ֻ۰Ͱ͵ҺֲҳԵӣ̿
԰ԱͷϺ̾Ҳδ̫С˰ɣ
һյʱȥ
ڣһҺȥͷǳǳһ£۾ˡ
ҲǸоһҺûΣգСһǽǵҺһڳԵˡ
ѽڵϣſյԲ̣лһ·˵ûˣŤֵӣܣ·ѰһûУ
áԱ˴ϲ
һǳɹˡ
棬Ѱһ飬Ҳûʲô֣ſյԲ̣ʿˮŻԲСӣһδģ˿˺Ц
ûʲô֣СһｫĿͶ˹ȥժһˮѣһ˳˿еˮѴֿ˿̣һڿˮˮѵڵϣ¼Ӳӵӡ
ߣ
һҺСһĿζˣŵζˮѳеļߣʳ֮ζ֮ϧ

ʱżϤζ۾ȥֻǿȻһҺѽһС˹ܣûзκζĿ䵽ԲҺϡ

ԥһڳԵ۰Ͱ͵ܡ
ʱֻһİӰԼУѽһһԾ䵽ϣܵ棬һµĿųǰĳԣĿһӾ䵽˳еƿһŨζɢ
ֻһ¾˿ˮѽһ·˵㰡
ǺǡԼ˺ǺһЦƿﵯһҺǰѽһԲһ𣬵һ˫۾ȴδ뿪ǵҺֺ
СһǽôЦ
ѽСһ۾򳽻ԣ¶ɻӣ·˵ʲôѣ
Һ͸ģǵļ񡣡Ц˵ţָָǵҺ
ѽһָҺȻָԼ
ţġЦ
СһѽѽĽл˼һ˫ë׵СצӱȻһ£Ȼ۰Ͱ͵Һ
ˣԺǺһЦӣܸ˺øС
ৣ
޼ˣ˫צҺϣᣬˮ̲סҺһڳԵˣСҰҰһ£򳽻ԣȻһδӡ
ҵҺɲ࣬ԼҪãԱ˵һιĹ۲죬޻ֻ߼ӣһֻ߼ǳ֮󣬿ϻ˵ס˾ܡ
ѽѽ޽˼·˵ǲ۰Ͱ͵ųԣ۾ˮģʮ
Ǻǣ̰ԵļһЦԸ뿪𣿡
ѽһҡҡͷ
û𣿡ָ˵
š޵ͷ
̾
СһѽѽĽлԳһܸ˵ӣͬСӵõĿ佱һ
Ը뿪𣿡ʵ
š˭֪СһﾹȻͷצָ·Ȼһն
Գȥ˵
šСһͷ
Ը뿪ǿѡЦ
ѽСһлһְŪԼצӣ̧ͷ򳽻ԣҡҡͷ
ԣжʱһʧЦٸһΰɣϧҲˣȻԸһЩ֪кܶࡣ
ݣ
һҺޡ
ѽСһһ˵ӣӹҺһڿˮֲԵӣ򳽻ԣѽһ
ҪԲЦһι۲죬Ѿܹ˵˼ˡ
ϧ㲻ԸҳȥĻвҺʵҪ޸ԼԲɶɰСһˣʵԼҲ֪ﻹҺ
ѽһ·Ѱʡ
ţкܶҺԶԲꡣԵͷ˵ҳȥĻܹԵܶࡣ
˭֪Сһ￴һܣҡҡͷ
ļң뿪
Լһ̾ʼСһչһսѾ࣬СһԼһȥ
һ죡
죡
죡
£
ʱ䣬ԲʱһҺޣСһֲ֧ǲԸ뿪
ˣиֻ̾ʣ֮һҺᡣ
ֱǸԻ
СһĸԼôҺ𣿳Բ
ֹȥ죬ѾΪ˺ѣһˣСһҲˮѸʳãȻóԶһЩҺˡ
ԴˣֻܿЦ
ʱȥеĿأھ뿪
ݱСһԱ뿪
ԭܼ򵥣ħΣգҪȥȡ
ѽСһлһ¶һ뿪ӣվ᲻뿪Լļҡ
һ̾ԱæȥԮħ
ʱħͿ⵽ǿߣ޵ʮħΧһ浹ľơ
ħҲΪֻܴ˾򳽻Ա£ǳΤˡǲͼ˶ˣҲ˥޷ʩչһξ񹥻Ͼ񳽻㾫ǿ


1054 ˹
أ
ħħĳֵȥԪأɫ԰ס
Сӣû뵽һʮȻǿɭӵлѪΰǷ촽ϡĿӥۣϬӥУųħ˵
ϻϽɱɪ
õģ硣ɭЦ˵
ɭߣҪǡ˵
ӳȥǵԺΪǱ𡣡ΤǿһЦһѪ
𣡡
ħһ㣬ħ죬ħɢ񱩵ѹȺħ裬ƶڡ
裡
ɭЦһȫȼɫ棬棬ȼգʮָǧȥһա
ءһ
ֻħɳȥ

ɭһ򳽻ħԴ
ݣǧһ֮ʣһ콣䲻ݷļ糤ƿգޱȣһͽɭµӡ򴩡
ʲô˸Ҷ£ǻòͷ𣿡ɭŭ
ৣ
ֻԱ齣ٶ罣ƿա
ࣿɱɭûɱħܲãοһɭȻֶħ
ǡ˵ͷȥ
ۣۣ
ȻֻǰʧȥʶΣѪģˤڵϡ
ʲôɪɭֵܶһһʮڵྐྵȻһɱ޵ʮڣԼۻɣѵ˵һǰһһĹ̥
֡ħ뱾Ѿڼǰ̺
û°ɣԱʵ
ҿļʱħ˵
ɭָħ˻һħ壬Ȼһ๴һǴħ嶼û˾ȵ㡣
˵ϻɱɪ
ϻã󣡡
Աһӡϻá˳Ǭ
ͬʱħҲռһλɭֵС
ɱ󣡡
Աɱ¾δ䣬󷨲ɣֱɱУɱ¾ϯɪֵܡ
أأ
񳽻Աϻá˶ΪôҲȻӣǿʮڿԵֵסģɱ¾ȫѪɣҽ
ħȭ
ȭ
ɪɭֵŭǻʣʩչͨ
Ǭɱ
ˣԱһɱ󣬺¡һ죬ɪֵܵͨѹɳȥըѪ
ߡԱ˵
ɭǡ˶Ǵһû뵽ɭһʶҲζ벻Լᱻȣŵħ֮Ĺϵֱҹ̸
ǵҴǰ˵Ļ𣿡ħгԣ֮
죬ħ뿪Ա˵
ðɡһۣͷ˵
ৣ
ϻ˶ռ䣬һȥ
ռˣ˶һ굽ʲôͷȻӵд˵еĿռ
һһΡԱħͿ˶ɫ԰ףԪأȻѾ˵ҩȻܹڶʱǻָսóҺ
ǡҺ˽ӹҺǴһ
ȷ°ɡħҺһӾͻָԿ˵
šһۣ˱˴еľȣδ̫˼˰ɣһ꾹ȻóҺŵرǷã򳽻ħ֮ĹϵδҲ̫˰ɣ
ҺǺųƿ˲ָŵرֻһΣǾ͸оħԨӯ罭ȣô
ǳʵ
뿪Ա˵
֪ô뿪Τʵ
šԱͷ
ѽ
ٽʱͻƴ޵Ľȣ
СһԱд󼱣ٶȼӿ죬ħ˦ں󷽡
졣ħ
ٴξȣֱ̫˼ˣʮڵΪ֮ǰѾóħˣû뵽ϻбĴڡ
ȻǴ˵ޣҲҷ˹Ļڣһۣһͷɫ쳤Х˵ϲãԲţԼܹ˵еޡ
ѽѽͬһŰƣڰйꡣ
ٺ٣Сһɳҷ˹ɵһôСɲҵĶ֣ǹԹԵĳҰɡ˹¶׵ݣٺЦͷޣҷ˹֮µһˣ
ѽ޲л·ںУ϶ꡣ

˹ЦһĿ̰֮ɫ۽ռ䣬֣СһﾪŴС
ſ
ڴʱһ
ѽϤϲæԡ
࣬˹ɫһ˵ܺãҷ˹Ѿܾûɱˣҽ̫ſռɱĵһࡣ
ѽһ߳ԣ˺ҪСġ
£һǿʮڴڣһеٮٮߣûκεĽңʩչ¡
ޣȤҷ˹֮˹Цһһģӿڣڹӿ۳һɺڵն򳽻Ա

֮񣬳׺ݲб
һ
ֻ֮նϣһ죬֮ķɳȥ˹ʱɫ˵Դгɣ
ϻ


1055 λ
һ罣һ嵽ǰ齣ն£صһ˹˳ȥ
ѽ޸˵ĽлһСɵצӾΪԹơ
ɶ񣡡˹˴ŭħգ৳ȥ
˺󡣡
Ա˵һӭȥԸо˷˹ʵǿӲҴ⣬һ˫齣ն˹š

˹ЦһǹһȣһХһǰۣγһ޴ĺݣͨڣħ͵һʱһ·ĺӰ쳽Եʶ뾫
Դ˴ħ֮󣬳Ե־ǿò˼飬ֻһȵ
ʲô㾹ȻӰ죿Ʒ֮˹ɫ
λñ䣡
û˵۾־ʩչ˾ٽ֯ãˣ˲֪١
ˣ
˹ʱʶ٣վԭء
ɶ񣬸ơ˭֪ؼʱ̣˹Ȼҧ⣬һھѪһƬѪϯƿ
Ծһû뵽ⷨ˹˼ᶨҪ֪Ѫɲʩչģ֮أûԸʹþѪΪֻһھѪҲҪʱ޸ģϾǳˣ̵ֵȥ
أ
һ죬Ա뷨˹˫˫˳ȥ
䣡
ڴʱħ˸ֱӴħ˹
һҲҶҳ֣𣿡˹
㻹ûпơԱ
ɶ񡣡˹ɫ
˼һĻٴ𾪣û뵽ԵľȻǵĻڷ˹ǰֵסһС
ৣ
˹Ŀ˸ɨӳԱħɫݣһħƳޣһֻСһץȥ
ѽ޾һ򳽻Ա
ħ
ˣԱ̧ӿɢһȦȦµĹԣ˴飬ϲŭ塢ɫòϸ
ʱֻ˹˫ĿѣΣδͣӿľ磬ָ˻ź˲Ϣ
Ա߹־ħδ֣Ѿȥ
飡
ħħ˹ķ˳ȥ֮ȫ̱
һӣ齣ն£޺ۣ֮룬Ҳȡ
ѽԱϣѽţֻë׵צӲϹƣ
ԼˣݸһЦ
СһĴ۾ڳԱħɨӣԴһɻӣųԱѽѽ˵Щʲô
ˣԱǳһû뵽޾Ȼħ֮ϵ
СһҪ뿪ˡԱСһɰӣ˵Σգ㻹뿪ɡ
ѽ޿һΧΪӣë׵Ķ䣬һ뿪ģ
߰ɡԱ
ߡħкˣ󷽣뿪޳ǡ
ڣ˶۾һ
ߡԱ
ৣ
ħڣ˽ں
СһټˡԱһ̾Ц
ѽ޶ˮϣһ᲻뿪ӡ

ˣԱҲǿˣڡ
ǰһƬ׹²ʵԱѾһƬĲԭϡ
ڳˡ˶ڻ򳽻Ա˵лл㡣
λˣǺѣôҲѡԱЦ
ѣһ㶣һѣ
˵ز˾߰ɡԱǰ˵ѾҪӽ̫ſռˡ
Τ˵
˵
ৣ
һǰȥ
ԭݴ䣬Ƭɫأһڵĸо˳졣
˵ٶȶܿ죬һʱһĺǰ
ˮ峺ǳףвٺһƬ࿪ţٻޡ
Сһ㡣Ա˵
ƽĺǰУƮ
ʲôȻָָǰ
ˣ
˿ȥΤ˺ͳħһѣθС
ô£Τ˵ҡҡ׹
ԱȥҲоĿ룬̻۾һһӣɫޣʺ磬æ˵Ҫλӣдϲλǵر
ţӶԾʦãǿУԡ
ʲôλӣҲеѣΣһʦȻΤǿһһ¶˾ϲ֮ɫȻҲֻλӵá
Ա˵
˵꣬γȥ

ڳԱ𿿽λ֮ʱһֻԴİ׺Ȼ˫צһԾ޴ݺݵץ򳽻Ա֡
ͷ׺ף
ৣ˵ֻӳһһ㣬ץצķ˳ȥһǶսУα˶
ͷ׺ŭʯ˶Ĥ·һ㡣
Сģں󷽵Ŀˣһһεһصһ赲ͷ׺ס
£
ס̤գºˮ齣ն£Ļϯո
ͷ׺ҲͨޣſУȻһڻâȼգΪҽ
˵
ͨһ
Աħ˶֮С
ͷ׺Ͽ̶Ľں֮ˡ


1056 鷳
ߣԱǰħԼΤںˮǰУȻˮ˾ȴܿ˺ͷ׺׵Ĺ
࣡࣡
ͻȻˮðݣ¡¡˲޴ĳ
ʲôΤ˾
˿ȥֻһƬѪ֣󣬾һֻֻͨѪɣ첻Ͽأ¶罣ݡ
ʳ㣿Աɫһ䣬˵Сģ
ߡԣڲеޣʳµĴ֮һ
ǡ飬ͷƷݿһֻֻʳͬһϯÿһֻСѪӵݿأԻһˣοһȺ϶ҲҪҧ󰡣
̫ˣ˦˦ǲ˵
ಡͼһֻֻûʳȺɱʮֻʳȺȣֱ΢
ɶ񣬷ɷ壡Τ˱ŭӡ֮ͻ֮ɱ¾ѪѸȾˮȴûֹʳȺǸӷˡ
£
Ԩ
񹥻˲ɱϰֻʳ㣬ʳȺûм٣ȥˡ
ȥԱ˵

˳·ʳ㸡ˮ档
ڴʱǺͷ׺׾Ȼ׷һ˫ɫͫɢһȦȦΡ
ˣ
ħΤ˶ܵӰ졣
ˣԱɫкͷ׺ףʳ㣬ֱţµ·
ྫ֮
Աһǿľۣۣ֮ʱһƬʳ¡
ߣ
һ£ɾˣʳ㣬ֻٴνףϾħΤ˸޷ֵסͷ׺׵ľ񹥻
ʱԱȡλӣ׳˿
ллӹλӣϲ˵
ɣûʱˡԱͷٴλ۶ʳȺЦ˵
šͷ
̷λӣ
λӶԾǿãǿԼԾھʦ˵ǲɶõıǷЧͲö֪ˡ
ˣ
ǰ֮УԱλӣ̸о˾ǿȻԽϽףﵽһ֪ľ硣
֪˾񾳽Ϊʼۼ𼶡ʥÿһΪкС磬󾳽Ӧ
̫ˣҵľͻˡһϲ
ϲ㡣Ա˵
Ҳǣ
šԱͷ
λӿ̾˵
ˣý鷳ˡԱ˵֣ǰȥ

ħΤǰԱͿں󷽣ͬʱʩչ񹥻أʱֻһֻֻʳʧȥһ㣬ֱ·¡
áԱ̾һ
̫ˣڴˡǰ˵
СǺͷ׺׻šԱ˵

ԱͿȳ̾ͼǺͷ׺׷ɫĹΣǿľڶ˵ľﵽڣȻǺͷ׺׿ԱģһǾ֮ͽɱ
󣬳ħΤҲ½ء
ߡԱ˵
ǰһΰɽ塣
ৣ
糤һ㣬վɽ֮ϣʱһƬسǰɽ塢ٲءƽԭݡӦоУһĴ½һ޶
ǾɡԱ˵
㲻һ𣿡ʵ
ˣһһ𣬻Ǵ鷳ģοһ˶ˡԱҡͷ˵ٻɣǻټġ˵꣬Աͳȥоǿҵ
Ҳ߰ɡħ˵
ǿǲ˵
һͬࡣΤЦ
ʼǵѰ֮ðɡǰ˵
ৣ
ԱƽһҷһĽ⡣
ʱԽԽǿҡ

гʮ֮󣬳䵽һƬɽ֮Уһɽ⼸
Ʒ
ԱһϲΪڿʮȱʯģ˵ˣЩʧǣֻһƷһ㳣ʶ˵ƷһһǧƷʯƷһƷʯƷʮƷʯڴ˵еļƷһƷʯ
ȴһش֣ȵطܹγ̫ſռж
һ㣬Ա𶼲
ĿһɨԱȷ˴Ʒ
ҳ飡
жصĲȡΪﵽʦ磬ǿֱӳȡɽ֮µ
ˡһ
ֻԱһץϯһֻõĴֱ֣ɽ֮УʱһžһɫԱץ˳װռ֮Уϻõвٺô
ৣৣৣ
󣬳Ա編ƣʣȡ
Сӣס֣
ʱһħϯֻһħ׵ħ˹ħ졣
ȻԱȴǷ·δһ㣬սռ䡣
û˵Ļ𣿡ħ겪ȻŭĿ¶ɱɭȻ˵վ֪ħ죡ԳħħƵ˫Ķ£𶯡
𣡡
ʱһʮɸߴγɣͨڣħɢһһ޴ѳ֣ϿճųԱȥ
ʡһ
쳹أķһƬռֱǧ֮顣
ն
մȣ˫齣նɫãصһħѱըǺɫȴǲֺһɽأľ޴ͫ׷⣬ɺһƬ򳽻ԡ


1057 
£
гԴӿ볽Ա˫ִۣµ£һ䣬·룬һ죬ɫ˺
ɶ񣡡ŭĿſһѪɫʱֻǺɫѪ£̱죬һѪ񣬳˿ͺζ
ɱ¾ãɱɱ¶ݺݵĶųԣ
ˣ
һɺƵɱ¾Ϣɢ纣ХϯأϿձѪɫգѪƹǧڱڲݣһɱ¾˫һϣһаɳɱ¾֮ն򳽻ԡ
ءһ
ֻɱ¾֮룬ɱ¾ɱ¾֮չֳԵʡ

һ죬ֻԱ˶
ʮǿʮڣӵǿսȻǿߵٮٮߣڱԱħɱħꡣ
ûбɱɫÿ£˵СӣҾҪѪҵá
ʣ
Ա齣âһ㡣
նͺһ㣬Ա𱬳޴ˣڵһ㣬ɫâһƬʹⲨԶԶȥͬһʺһ㡣
֮ľ֮ˮ֮֮ȼա֮ػԣֲͬڴ˿ںϣγγһɫǳȴ޼᲻ݣصһ·һ˺ѳ롣
ɱ¾񳱣
ˣһҧʱ۹ɱ¾õܸʤһƬѪ磬һ㣬ӿʱһƬһ죬һɢ
ն
һδ֣δ֣ͣٴγȥ׹Ͽգ֣񱩣Хսһ߿նһС
ϡһ
ֻɱ¾еɱ¾֮룬ɱ¾Ⲩȫɢ
ɱ¾򽣣
ɱ¾죡
ɱ¾ף
ۻħԪעɱ¾ڣɱ¾ɢϢɱ¾֣֮һʽɱУһУγһɱ¾ħɱ¾֮ɱ¾¾˼䣬ɵֵ
أ
һ죬˳ȥ
ħ죬ֻɱ¾ûɱ¾֮Ѫ죬ĩս٣һǧɵɱ¾ն£롣
ն
ʯ֮䣬Ի׻ȸ͸齣նµǧɱ¾
Ȼһȫһ죬նصһһɾ˴ڳԱϣѪӿһѪɳȥأһɽ屻ײϡ
ôǿķ漴ʹϲ˵ܺãʲôҪˡ
¡һ
ֻƶɱ¾óƽԱ
ལ£
Ԫͬշеˮ๾죬᳹ȫÿһѪ⣬Ѫڷڣгɲ౾ԴۣնһУնɱ¾ϣʱһ΢졣
ʲôɫ䣬Ҳһ𣬺
أ
һ춯صľ촫ɱ¾ñ롣
ۣɱ¾Ƶ˲䣬һѪɫݣɶСҴң
ǰһħ壬Ҳͬ˵仰Ѿˣ㣬Ҳ⡣Աɫ԰׵ĵ
𣡡һ񱩡ѪȵϯͬյѪ񣬼
һ
ءһ
ֻһȦ嫵ɱ¾ϯ˷ǿҵĳըһľ۴⣬һɽ嵹ԲǧɣΪһգûһһľڡ
𣡡һ·ֻͨѪ߳ǧɱ¾֮ܣӨ͸һ㣬ɼһ鲻ĴڣצҪ塣
ħ˺ҧɱ
£ֻ˫޿ǣһƬѪ죬Ѫͬٲһ৶£֮ɽ御Իɻҽ
䣡
һ£ؾķռңҪ֪̫ſռ䣬ռڲ֪½ǿ˲֪ʮ˿һƵˡ
ǣӿֲľں档
𡭡
ֻһͨѪĹͬˮһ򳽻Ա
˲
ལ£
𽣰£
һɱУƣԱʩչǰǿ󣬵ǹ޾ÿһ𶼿ʮǿߣɱ꣬Ԫʮ

Աɫݣһ˫ڿռϣʱһ޴Ŀնǰ޾ϯˣһ鱻ȫɡ
ʮ֮ͨһĴôͨŵĺ
̣ԱȴûлشԪɹǿɿնʱѹɫ԰ףһѪ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
ৣ
ԱɱĴƶɿնǰҲˣ
˻һͬһ޻һ㣬̽˿նڣҽƻ졣
һö䵽Աϡ
ৣ
Ѹ뿪
һưܵĹųǡ
Ա
Ŵ󿪣һѾ࣬УǰһƬݵ룬ԫбڣ׹ǡ洦ɼ
ৣ
һͭԱץУ⼣߰ߣҲһأѾʧȥ˱Ĺ١
һ·̽еǹͭĲʱѾ޷ʹãʧȥԡ
ˣԱҡͷ̾
ЩбƷʶвʱĥưܵòʹˡ
֪޾֮Уһսû˻
һԱͽ˳ġ


1058 ̰
һ޴Ĺűǰߴʯ࣬ڷʯʮ㡣

ʱһƬ磬ɳоɵԯſ֨졣
ʱԱһ˿⣬һű
棬оһɺܵ
ԯţһƬ㳡ǰһ߾߰׹ǣƾɵıųԱĵ֮
ԱĿⲢעЩǰ߰׹ǶеıֱԷ࣬ͬھ
ݰ׹ǲͬȻѾ֪ȥ£ʾӨ׹⣬ڰ׹ϣܹоһɵȻ߰׹ǰǼǿĴڡ
λǰСӵˡԱ˵һǰȥ߰׹ȡʱ貹ŶˮӳڿһƬԣԱ¶ݣ˵ʼ
ʼ
һͭŽһħɭɭħ
֮ϣԱֱоһɿµ
࣬ǲӵеġʱһԯųӰ˸޴ˣħϡ
ǿߣɫһ䣬ħս䣬ͭŽգųȥ
ס
ϣǿߣܹӣ
ԹԷ˵ٶ㿪һ
ħ׷׿ڣһĻЦ˵ԣһ
ݣ
δţͷҲأųǡ

ħŭɱ׷˵ٶȶܿ죬Ȼгɷ籾ԴĳԱ֡
ৣ
һǧһǧǹ⣬һӡħϴأһƵ¥ķѣղ˽ۡ
һ죡
Աٶȶʱٻ
ӵ𣿡
ħ˲ǰԱΧסγһΣԱ·ӣ˿򳽻Ա𣬶ǺٺЦԽԽԽˣȻȡһǸ

ɱ㡣
ٺ٣ҲҪɱ㣬ھɱ㣬ֻʱ䳤̵⡣
ħ޿֣ԳԱ黢񣬼ûнУҲӵǿսʮڴڣôܻһʮࣿ
ˣ
Աޱ飬ڻ桢硢ࡢռ䣬Դתݳ񱩵ͬ緢Ļɽһ㡣

ħԸʼ붯ַʱŭͬʱʩչɱУɱ򳽻ԡ
죡
޾
ħȭ
ɱУޱϲ壬ҪɱԣǼԿ϶޷ֵɱ϶Ц
治
֮ܣ
ԱûйΪǿǰûֵأֻչǿ
أ
֮˲䱻ɱ˺ѣڳԱϣһ𣬵ɳȥ
һǿߣԿһսʩչƿɱԷĻֻһܣ·һ
ԲˣԲ־ܡ
οһޣ
ڣ֮δԺξ壿
ɱһ𣬲౾ԴתԱٶ治ͭŽն˳ȥ
ҷ֣ɫݣŹԡ
ӯ죡
ƹն
ħȭ
ɱУѹԣصһɳȥ
ռ侫֮
ྫ֮
֮
Ծ֮˲˵ľʱ䣬ʱһ˾Ȼӵоˣ˶һ󣬱Ͼࡢ
ħ

Աɫݣûܣսˣȫʩչħ֮ʩչ˴Ԫͬһ৳ȥ
ˣ
ħ𣬾綼ܵӰ죬һ˺ɶǴħʹŵǡֻʩչƣɱ
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
ħ궼ҧ⣬һѪأʱֵסͨʵȴǳԱԪأ޷֧ͨҪ֪ʮͨ磬ǺպĴڡ
ৣ
Աȥ
ɱħʹɾǵˣʱ˾֮µһˣͬǿߣҲǵĶ֡
ϣ̫лˣʮͨмĴڰʮλĴֱħǵ
ɱȻĻ꣡
ŵǡ˷׷Ц¶ϲ֮ɫ̰֮ɫ
䣡
˺ԱڰһȥγǿĻ籩ķռ䶼磬֮һж⵽һ죬Ա߷ݰ㵹ɳȥصһ䵽ɽ֮䡣
ɽ䣬ʯܲӲݴԱʯϣɫ԰ףϿȳѪ

ħ˹ڰ֮⣬ЦĿųԣͬޣ˲¹ͷһ
ϾϣӵдħʹҲֻһֻһϣı䲻ϵʵ
ٺ٣ȴͨȻ䵽ϣֱɳ
ڿʼͨ˵ˡ
ŵǡͷϲ˵Ŀ뵽ӵдħʹѪڣǿʮͨ

ֻԱѵվֽĿ罣

ȻǼ
ٷϻˣɱҿɲ뱻һ
ģӲˡ
ŵǡ˷׷ǰЦһԵģ


1059 ޾Ԯ
ǳ̲
ħ
ڰħɷ
ǿ߰ΧԱʩչͨɱԡ
أ
ǳԱӳֻ治Ľ޷طס˵Ĺ
ȻӵдħʹȿͨԳԱʵԳ־ãҶˣֻͼ˼֣͸޷жŵǡˡ
һ֮󣬳Աٴεɳȥ
ۣһѪֽ϶˼˺ۣѪʣǳ
ˣ˲ɾһû뵽ԱȻûδ̫˰ɣɱ֮ģҲǿˣ˶ǴˣĽɫԼǾ޴ввѿ֮УΪ
أ
˭֪Աһ嫣ֻϻáذεͨ糤һֲܡ
ռŵĿųԱеķӡĿԾ
󣡡ϻȴǻҲ˵һͨҲУԭ֮ǰ֮ûнϻٻΪͨҪʱϤǬѧˡ
ˣ
ԱҲȥ˲󷨣ʱһɺ嫵
飿飿һޣŵ˿ϻһۣϻͣƬ̣϶¶һϲ֮ɫǼֱţȺ¾Ȼ䵽ϡ
һɶ޼֮
ɱǣ
ߣһ󷨾סǣδҲ̫˰ɣ
Բھ֪˵
ŵǡ˾ЦһδԱ˿еɫ
ɱ
ԱҲû˵ķϻһ߹߶Ǭɱ
֮ɱ
֮¾
ɱ¾
˵Ϊǵõߣ߶Ҳǿ˲٣ֻվ޵úܣʮǿߣԵЩ׽⣬վǽʱֵסˡ
˼ŵ˽ЦǬҲδɫ·̩ɽǰɫ䡣
óǸԵĵưɡŵ˵
á˶Цͷ
Ǭɱ
ˣԱ˼Ǻɵʩչ󷨵һɱУŵˡ
޼ħ¾
ڰ֮
أ
ͬһʱ䣬ŵ˶ʩչԼĵͨҪһٴǬĹ֯һ𣬶ʱֹȣγһɿ񱩵ĹϢ˷Բǧ
䣡
һһɾ춯صıը쳹֮ɢ˷ڶ
أأأأ
ţԱ˾Ⱥ󵹷˳ȥѪϢ˥ŵȴֻɫ԰һЩûܵκˣЦ˵֪ж޴𣿲
飡
Աһþȫӡŵˡ
˼ͬʱһڰӡʱͬ޻һ㵹ɳȥڵϣ𶯲ͣ
ǿռһöŵĿƵĿӡЦ˵ˡ
ȻˣʹҪˡ
ħϵһйҡ
ԱδŵУ죬ö֮ĹϷĶ
ã䡣ŵ˵
ǰɡ
ˡͻȻŵ׼ɱԱ˵ʱ䣬һɫĻףǳԱ˶ûзӦ
ʲôŭ˵֮䣬һĳ׹٣ȴһ죬ӡȻ޷ڳԱϣ·һŹ˻æ˻ŭɶô£
ãǻ󡣡ŵǾ
ѽҲʱһϤĽ

ֻһӰӲԶӹ˭
СһˣԱЦ
ѽԴһë׵צӱȻ
ģû¡Ա˵
šСһͷ˹ڱܵĹУʱʮ֮ޣӨӨģԶԶȥͬһѩɽһ㣬ѩΡΡһǽԱ˱ϣһ׹⣬뿪
䣡
ŵȴǿŭɱвϣȻȴ޼£ŭ𣺡Ӳ˵ġ
޺ܿʧĿС
һյʱȥԱѾһɽ֮Уľȼգһܡ
˿̣Աڻָơ
ѾССһߣ۲쳽Ա
ˣ
ĵҩʯԱɣϢǿԪˮһ·ͻ˸Ĥһ㣬Ա̩ͨϢƳ˼㡣
Žʦ
ڣԱڴ˿ͻ˾ŽʦȻֻһСףҲǿ˶٣ڳԱ˵ȴĿơ
¿Ա
ѽС˹лͣ
ѾָˣΪͻһסԱЦСһû뵽㾹Ȼոˣллľ֮ˡ
ѽѽĽţһ˵ģ
û֣ûеĻҾ͸ȡһԱ޵СԴ˵
Сһҡҡͷ
ûеĻҾͽɡԱ˵
Сһѽһ˵ڵϴ·˵ˡ
ǺǡԱһЦ

ʱϻá񡢹ͨذε˶ָ˹ȻһжҺɲô׻ָġ
ޣͨذεԾĿ档
档Ա˵
˳ԱĻȻͷ
ǺǺǺǡˣ˶һЦ


1060 ʼ
ȥذεʵ
˵ӱʮδҳԱֻڳϦԱ˵
ذε
ϷҲδԹôĿˡͨ˵Ҳָ˾Žʦ꣬꣬ӦþͿԻָ۷֮ʱΪˡ
ϻúͷҲû
ߡԱ
䵽˳ԱϣһԱӣʮϲ
ৣৣৣ
˷Ӷ
ʱưܵĹųǡ
䣡
ֻŵ˾Ȼʱ沼õĻ󣬼ĳԱ΢΢һ㶣ŭ𣺡Сӣ
ٷϻɣԱȵ̫ſռԻĿҲһҪй齣罣һ㱬䵽һ߹ս
ɱ
Ҳɱ
ն
ͨһƬ磬սذεϻúͷǴսһˡ
飡
ֻһԾͽŵ˳ȥţôܣ
£
ռ佣£
𽣰£
һԽʩչֲ˷ŵǱˣֻм֮û˷ֵˣͷʣ𣬵̾ͱһǲྫ֮ˡ
أ
ֻͬ߷һ㵹ɳȥѪ
ŵǣ
˴𣬼ǲԼ۾ŶãǰЩɱĳԣȻҪɱŵˡ
ԱһͭŽն£ŵ룬Ѫɡ
áذεʱУսӿ뺷޵С
ৣ
Աȥͨս
ԭڹͨ¾ƾУ˳Աļ룬޷мˡ
ߣһ˺
ӵ𣿡Աŵ˵Ļ˵
ɶ񡣡˴
𽣰£ƥĻԳ齣дݳȥ籩ռң˹ȥ
أ
󷽣ͨһƴйںϣȻǴһ죬ͬɽѹһ㣬ɳȥ
ལ£Ան²һﶼ·棬䵽ϣͬѩϼ˪ѪɳȥڰУͱԱһնͷ­Ѫעӿȥͬ콵Ѫꡣ
أ
ͬʱذε˺սһˣҲѹס
ৣৣ
Աͨͽɱ
ö䵽Աϡ
áذεϲ
ѽҲԵʮֿġ
һýԱеͭŽ˵
һʼϻúͷ̾˵
ҲһĵԱħذεϾ߲ǵޣΨſԷӳħǿ
ԣô˽ʣ齣ϻúȻʵ
Ȼ齣Ժԥ˵齣ڵƾ֤齣·Ϭһ㣬ȴüΪ齣ĵȼȻǲѾӲսˡ
ֻͭŽãȴоЩʣĸо
Կ齣ϻúЦ˵
ҲԽԱ
Ȼͬһ㣬ֻҪһЩķͿԼеıֻҪܴĴ۰ˡϻ˵
ʲôԱʵ˵ģȷʵ᲻齣
ϷԴһ齣Уϻ˵ֻĵɲһСĿȻջҲǾ޴ģ㳤齣Ժпӡһ㣬顣
飿Ա𾪵
ȻԣҲ⡣ϻź˵ֻҪʺСҪ˱ľѪҪ֪ӡǳԾѪȻֻһȴǳ˴֮ǲڻʼ
Ļʵһеıǵۼû飬һԣΨʥڵġϻЦԣ֪ж˰ɡ
˼ͭŽ齣Ҳܵ飿üʵȷʵеˡ
ϻõͷ˵һֱȥ޾ԼľѪ齣δûֵһ죬ȻΪҪѪԵʣԺԸ⸶Ҳֻ˾ܲǸһξѪܹ飬ֻڵ㣬Ǹ磬ʵ̫Զˡ
иջ񡣡ԱĿһҧ˵齣޷ķһ԰ɡ
ãϷͽ㡣ϻ˵
һԱ֪ԼľѪˡ
һ˵һһξѪͬʱ걣ȥô֮һĻᵮ顣
ǰе䵶أذεȻó䵶ʵ
Ǻǣе䵶֮ıһʼҲ飬Ϊ½˥Եʣ޷½ҲûлԪİ޷ӳҪ֪֮ǰ֮½߶ϣۼϻЦ
һǼʹħذε
ҲãҪ֪֮ڳ磬ҲϵãǷе磬½ڵļ磬֮źպĴڣѱЩ˲ռСϻЦ
šذεͷ
ã뿪Ա˵
ৣ
ϻúͷصռ䣬ذε͹ͨͳԱ̽Ƭ̫ſռ䡣
֮УذεʵԳԷһƷ
ͨԭܣֻǳ걻ѹڶ֮ףΪ½˵ģ֮ڣͿԻָΪĿؾ뿪̫ſռ䣬ҸطչػָΪ


1061 ׼Ӧս
̫ſռޱ޼ʣ֪㣬˾ͬһκˮһ㣬ﾪһ˿˻
ңȷʵһأݡ֪ж١
֪һʱȥ
һʱ䣬Ҳ˲Σգɱ˲֪ޣջҲǾ޴ģʮƷʮݣһЩ޲ϡ
⣬ǳԱʼ齣ͭŽ齣֮У齣δΪϻ˵öԣҪһʵ̫ˣ˾ܣȻǲܵġ
תǰʱ䡣
˺һ֣ħ壬壬ɱ٣ܵ˵ȽѺãϾħĶ֣ĵر֮ǲ󶯸ɸġ
һ죬һ޴ΡĹųǳǰ
˸ǧ͸оһѹֵϢ·𿴼Ĳһųǣһħһ㡣
ųǶ޴ޱȣ·һްԸڴ֮ϣͨڣĿǸ߰ףŸʮףڳϷ֡óǡĳǽϣżãҡڣóǵĹųǸаζ
ԱҲвħС
ɹųйŹ֣Ź־Ϸȷ˵ͨһۣҰɫĳĿݣһ˵ĸо
Ҳôáذε˵
ǽȥ𣿡Աʵ
ȻҪȥò׷һųǣô·룿˵Ǻǰ˵ʵʲôܹ˵ǣذεһЦ˵
ԣԱͷȷʵˣԽǿߵսټذε͹ֻͨҪΧ˶ԴҲҪˣڳԱͷϵСһǿ߶סĴڡ
ѽȴץסԵ죬ҡͷ
ҪȥԱʵ
šͷë׵צӱȻʲôȻָǽϵãĴ۾¶һĨ¡
пµĴڣ˼󣬳Աüʡ
ذε͹ͨǺǣСһ̵ͷ
ˣ˶ʡ
Сһﲻῴɣذε˵
䣬ͽлذεצӣݣһģ
޲кǿĻΣҲźǿĸӦСһһֱӦò˵ͨ˵
֨֨漱æͷ
֣ɣذε򳽻˵
оһɺǿϢҺҪԱ˵ԴͻгԺöδͻƣȻǲܽԴͻƵɵģΨſԡ
ֻȻԵȴǿ󣬼ǺѵõֻᣬᣬԲ
ѽлһץԴһ£ųԱȻ
а취ӽԱϲ
šͷ
ǾðһΰɡԱ˵
ԣհǰ˺ɲҪġذε
ϷҲʶһ¡ͨ
ǺãСһЩԱ˵
ৣ
һ޽š
ʱһɲǹϢҲӵǿˡ
ֵʮֿ㣬ʮܳУķݶѾаܣɪɪ
һƬ
ô£ذεɻ˵ղŲǿôħôһо
ǰҲоˣԱʵ
šͨͷ˵Сһ˵Ĳųǲǿ򵥡
ܣԱҲͷų̫ŹˣûʶĽƣȴʶȻоκδڣһ˵δ̫˼˰ɣ
ಣ
ʱ滽һ˳ȥ
Ա˵
˸棬ֵ߽ҲխСࡣ
һ·ûκεΣա
˶Ҵ⣬ǿСܣҲ䵽Լͷָǰ
һʱȥֵûκΣ֮һ޴Ĺűǰռؼ㣬ռ˹ųǵʮ֮һŻɫʯɣɢϢ࣬ʮ׹ǵ񣬻ˣޡ
ǰһ注ĺţʮ׿һۿȥʲôԱȴǸоһļµ
֪˵ΣգڹűڣֻҪҲ档
һѾ½½ʮ塢ħС
ߣ
һҲ˹ű
ڰ
űţǰһƬڰĸоǿҵϢڿռʣͬϸһ㡣
˵ʶʮǿȻһƬڣƾʶҲűڵһУڳԼͷһҲûз·ʲôвһ
һ㣬ԱԵĸоˡ
ƽܣһʮ˸ڵצ֣·Ҫһ
ڴܣоһƬڣ֪ͨη
̫ˣǻǲҪֿԱ˵
šذε͹ͨ˶û
˽ѡ񣬳ԱоСһӦ򲻻֪Щ
ҲӰˡ
󣬽ǽûκζԵʮֹ졣
žÿ£
һյʱ䣬ʱҲֲ˶ûиı䷽һֱǰС
̤̤̤̤
Ȼǰߵ
ͬʱųԱȻ˵ʲô
׼ӦսԱʶذε͹ͨˣԼҲȡ齣ͭŽѾ齣У˽ǰһģһû˿ĸı䡣
ʱߵԽԽܼԽԽǿҡ

ϢͬһϯһƬɭ䡢ɭȻ


1062 ֮

һǰʽףÿһ¶ɺ˫ĿܹˣһŸͷĽʽһ޴ĿɽϢơ
ûκͻ󸫣ն򳽻ˡ
飡
һ˲䣬˾һսһ
ʮֵĹŹ֣һֻоǵսͷʮֵĿ£ÿһﶼʮڣٸӵǿߵսǵʵȴû㡣
һʱ䣬˾Ȼκβһ
ףǹ룬ƾǵϣëˡ
ѽʱָǵ۾Ȼ
۾ˣ˶ʩչͨЩ۾
ǵ۾ɺ죬·һŻȼգ˿ͫڡ
ͣԱĽףʸ׼ȷޱȵĴһʿۿУһ죬ʱ£һϢɢռϢҲԽǿҡ
һе֣ɱӹ˳ֶˡ
Ȼǵۿս飬ڳԺذεս˵ֱ׾٣οͨǰˡ
һյʱ䣬ֻʣ˳ָ
ʵҲΪ£ϴŵĿ׼ֱˮ룬׵粻֣ͨͨ趯󸫣ֱҽǣ޼϶Ѱ

˺Χָսò¡
ৣ
˸ıԣɳԺذεųָעͨһṥ˫Ŀ
컰˵һǶ̣ǳ֮Ƭ̾ͽָ
ѵһ
ָֻۿеĺʧ˵ϣͬǣײ˵ϡ
ˣ˶Ǿɡ
˵Ա˵ذķһ£ȷԴ֮ٴϡ
ҾͲˡذεҲ֪Լķģ˳˵Ļ󣬾ͽͷͿս䡣
һٴγ
˹֮˶ԽСˡ
ֻһȴҲûʲôΣգ˳ǰһյʱ䣬ռϢҲԽǿңԱܹоԴתһɹգϵǿ
ʱǰȻ⴫
˶ûΪͬʱģд
ߣ
˷ϢϢǱȥ
һһ޴ĵóǰʮħսһţܿ쳽˾ͱĳˡ
Ӳʯɣˮɫڳ룬һ꼫滨
˵滨Ϊ仨ƬҶӣҰɫ˿˿һֹС
֮˻һУо𺳡
û뵽ﾹȻܹ˵֮
ڴ˻һĴ˵֮ıһ֮û֪˵Ǽ٣һȴǣ֮ߣħ壬壬Ų˼á
ʲôãû֪Ϊ֮Ǵ˵е滨֮ǰ½Ҳûд˻ټ
ڸߵûУͲö֪ˡ
֪֮˻֮ǵеļ䡣
ЩԲ֮Ǵеҩѧ伮ҩʼҩѧʼѧӦоУϰ֡
δҲ̫˰ɡذε
ӵﻨЩ졣ͨ˵
ذε֮˵ûʲôֵģֻϢŨһЩѡ˵ţͨʵôˣǰ
ûʲôϷо˻ЩŹ֣ǿͨҡҡͷָǱɱħ壬ʱԺذε˶֣һ߾ʬ岻Ƭ̣ͻһ֮֮գֻһ߰׹ǡ
⡭ˣԺذε¶죬ȻЩǵ
ͬʱҲ֣ϵܹڶʱڹ۲쵽ǹ۲첻ĵط
һԼˣҲָӣо֮ɫ
Ա˼˵пµĴڣ˵ΣգҲ
һ㣬Ƿˣᱦħȴûз֡
һɱ¾С
ħռϷ磬߰岻ʮħĶ֣ҲһЩħȡԼҪĶһӵǿʵÿһǿߴڡ
Ժܿͷһֵĵطÿһֻȡһȡ޷뿪ǳԳù۲óϢ
Ȼ졣ͨ˵
ԣôذεʵȻҲˡ
ѪݡȻ۾һĿ䵽һ곤оƬҶӣۼһȼյݣȻҩ֮һѪݣ̤Ьٴȫѹ
ôˣذʵ
ԱϢذε˵ĻѪǱõ
šԱͷ
ãҪȡˡͨ
ৣ
ȻħҲ˾ѪݣҪϡ
סذ㸺ȡȡ齣ûжԱͱҷһĽ⡣
áذεӦһҲ彫ȥ
ͨں󷽣ħ塣

ħһλѪݣʱŭһһꪾʹ򳽻࣬зĽ֮
ն
Աû飬һ֣ɱУΪھѪݣڱصá
ৣৣ
ͬʱذε͹ͨ嵽˹ǰ
ס֡
ħ𣬵ȴס
ˡᣬذεǽѪս˴УͨҲᣬһ׹ܲĴȥݣƻֺꡣ


1063 սа¹
ѾѪݽǶҪħŭ
ৣৣৣ
һ˲ħΧȻħһġ
ɱЩࡣħ
ɱ
ħΧϳˡ
ˣ
һ˲䣬һ׹ϯһһλõĿռסǣȻؼʱ̣һ
áˣ̾һСһ˲ѡ

ħȻҪڶʱƿȴһ׵顣
һһѹᡣ
ৣ
Ҳûͣӡ
࣬⻨ҪˡȻһڳ۵ħ경̤ϣƣ䵶ݣҫĹ
ͿûʵԱ
ħ겪ȻŭһĨ˵а¹ӿ֮˭Ҫ
а¹ӣȻа¹ӡ
찡û뵽Ҳħһǿڣа½ܹŽǰʮĴڣܶһս
Са¹ӣˣǻǲҪȥ꼰ء
ԣ
һ˲䣬ħһͷ·ը˹һ
Ȼа¹ӣ
ɱ岻ţû뵽Ȼɱ
ҪȥȥɣܶһսĴڰ
弸Ҳ˵а¹ӵͷЩҪɱҲһֺ
Сӣ˵˱ٵں˰ɣа¹Ц
Ǵ￴ҺˣԴݵ
а¹һ򳽻ԡ
أ
а¹Ӳа½һǰʮĴڣһˣʹ񱩵İڹܿռ䶼˺ڰһӳȥ֯һγ˿ֲиһ׵ѷִڡ
ϢԾͲҴ⣬ǳǿߵ
ʵҲа¹ԭͿͻΪ˽̫ſռ䣬طѹݻͻƵʱ䡣
ֻһȭ˳죬ռ䱬ըܵħ궼ҿǰΪа¹ӺͳԶ˵ʵ̫ǿˣһء
ʣ
Բ£սڣԴӿնն£ɫ⻪֯ڰʮɫγһĻȴɢһɹɹ羪κһϯ
һԾа¹սһš
С˭Ȼܹа¹Ӵò£ûм
ǱߵҶ֪٣ûмˣѵðţ
Ȼͷ˲򵥰
ħ֣˫ʮ˽⣬ȴûмԣǿɲСﳽԣܹа¹ӲµˣͨɫҪ֪а½ǧƵĳħ硣
ǰʮڣŵ磬ǾǴ½һˡ
һҲˣϽ֮ɫ
˭
ǵļиûгԵӰǾ͸оԣҪ֪Ƕһһŵӣһܹȡ̫ſռѾ˵ǵ츳ʵһβμӽı֣Ҳ˽ⲻ٣Բԡ
ɻܹа¹ӱȼˣ֮
齣
ʱһ귢ֳнϵ֣ɻ˵ѵԪ½ڵ𣿡
ڣôܣֻһһŮˣ˵Ľ£ôԲڵˡ
ֻ˾˭
궼ڲ²⡣
ɱǣ
ЩħɲŹǣ׷ɱǣذε͹ͨҲûסɱħꡣ
һ£ڷ֣ͨ갡
ͷ㾿ôģ
ʡ
᲻ı
ħһʮ궼Źͨ
ô£弸Ҳɻˣһ֪ͨԲϴ˴εҪ󣬵ôģֻûжʱ˼ΪħһѾɱˣԭ·ǲ᱿ȹͨ
أ
һ˲䣬ħһһʹսһ
СһȴһԻħ졣
һߣа¹Ӵս£ֹӿ
а¹Ӳа¹ӣа½һܹŽǰʮĴڣԵħţڰ֮֮ĴԣǺڰӦҪ򣬾ʮֹ
ڰһʩչննҲֵס
ֻа¹Ҳ͹˳ԵնУնУնȴܹǯס
׻ȸ䣬޵֣ռݶϱķΧа¹ӣʱӿϯ˵Ѷ˵սռݰһ籩
ֻǣһ㣬Ժа¹Ӷ˶ûע⵽Ŷ˵սңڰԽԽγɵ磬ˮһʽӣ֮ɵһɶ
һڰԴ֮ƳһڣȻʮֵϡŴ˻յԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽˡ
սУϢ֮ա
ڰ
ն
а¹ײɱײʱһ죬˿
ң֡а¹ʲһƮƮҲڰԵʣЩа죬һζĿⲻٿƽȿ򳽻ԣȻѾϿ˳Եʵ
ԡԱԼ֣˵ʵǿǿĶ֡
Ҳֻǿ֮һа¹һƽ˵û뵽֮УȻĴڣϧûлųȥĻˡ
δء˵
ܺãҪóҵȫʵˣֵܷа¹˵


1064 
ˣ
䣬һֺڹһֻҹͬʱ𣬾ְͬһ㣬ųԣһܼĽӿ򳽻ԡ
𽣰£ƣԲҴ⣬һȥˣȥ齣Ͽն£ʱһĴ죬ǻҹͺڹһ˲ɢԵӰҲа¹ӲʮԶľ롣
𽣰һǰռ飬ͬһ㣬ѷ֣˫һﶼҪĸоͷƤ顣
һᣬа¹Ӿָо
Գԣϵǰδеأ˫̯ƺڹӿƻҹ£ͬϯ
ڰ

ˣ
һֻа¹˫ֺʮʱڰһһɿֲһУǿĳϯȥ𽣰γɵĹⲨը֮һж˸е¡
ǳҲеľ
ΪǺڰںһһγɵֻȶӦڰȵһЩܹնӦԵߣʵ̫ˣһ޷ݡ
ҪĲ츳ˡ
첻ӵ콾Ҳ޷ա
ңҪͬԵںϣеѶҲһ㶼Сó˵Ҳֻǽͻں϶ѣҲΪԴԵʣһϣа¹ӵ츳˲ȳ
ԣ˵а¹ǿ֡
أ
һȦ̺˺ڰͻĹⲨ𽣰¶ʱɢҲ޷ֵסںϡ
ȻҪĻǳֻǽСɶѣгɵĻҲͽһˣϾɲ򵥵ġ
ལ£
罣򣬾ͬ٣һ򷨣ֻһȴ࣬ﲻ࣬粻ĸо·һлĶҪ棬Լߣš
ǲལµ
һ㣬ҲǳԽ֮гɣŷӳġ
̫ˣһ֣ҪⲻͻǽԵһ㣬Ϳġ
ʲôͨơ
а¹£ī֣֮ͬոһ벻ﶼڡ
ۡ
ʱһ죬Ⲩѣһ֮а¹˳ȥҲǺʮ
ʲôа¹ɫЩѿ򳽻ԣЩţȻֵסһС
Աɫƽڷ޷ԶƮϼȥͬһ㡣

һߵľȴǺܺãһ߰ˣȻذε͹ͨļ룬ҲֵסʮħĹ˴룬һ˵ħȴʧ˶ѡ
ٺ١ˣа¹ӺٺЦ
ৣ
ԱоâһƽӣŰԶľ룬ʩչ˵һʱ֮ץС
ʲôа¹㶣û뵽ԾȻһУ̾˫Ŀһɣ˵Ǵǰħһʩչа¹Ҳʮ𾪡
ֱʮͨʮλĴȻһ˻һ֮
ôܣ
ߣȴûôϻذε͹ͨ˵
ಣҲϡ
סǡа¹Ӻ
࣡࣡
ɾʱˮһӹֻһ߾Өһվ˳棬һɿ񱩵ݳķ
áˣ˾ɫ䡣
ݡ
һ˲䣬ǧӨӨĹϼۣħ꣬걻֫ٺ
䣡
δüӦͳ˳ӣɭɭĹצǧ֮⼤䣬һո˵
ߣ
Ա𣬴֮ܣסذε͹ͨˣûôˣԱɱ
ɶ񣡿ҵĺڰͼ¼а¹Աͽڳϳһ⵽ĹʱǴŭƽڰţһʮ֮ͼ¼֣滭˻ľݡɽٲǳޣȫųѤõĹâֱ
ۣ
Ȼа¹ǿ󣬾ӨĹצһӣ޾âʱɢڰͼ¼౻˺ѳƬһɷɢа¹ӱ˳
ʲôа¹Ӽɫޱ䣬αˡ

һˣµħ޷ֵȫɱʬγɵȫաɣǿ

ߴͣͨ徧ףʯۿݣûйԣͨһ޶ӵеȴǿƥа¹Ӷ޷ֵ
ҲӲ˳
а¹ӼҲҧ֪С
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ȴȫӨ׹ֻһֻֻѩ׵İ׹Ǵǧ֮࣬ͬսһ㣬ǵصϯռ䱬ը汻ӲĹǽѷڶ
أ
һǿϯһûа¹볽ˡ
ڰ֮ܣ
֮ܣ
а¹Ӽ˲ȴҲ˲߽⣬صһ˶ɳȥҲ˵ϡ
ȥһӲˡа¹ɫݵ
ǾͺһѰɡ˵
ãȻҪɱ㡣а¹ӵ
Ϳܻܲ߳ȥԵ
ɱ
а¹һ屡촽ڰһγǿĳȥ


1065 ˫ս
ʽԱף绢Х˻ģ̤ռ䣬չ֣齣һնƽͷ­
𣡡а¹Ӷ˾ȻӣʱŭһʱһɰӨӨĹⲨϯһ㣬ѹķ
а¹Ҳ飬ɱƵԵ˲Ҳ󣬵һ齣ֱնţȴһצ˻˫۽ӲڶʱʧȥֻѪ
ৣ
צ򳽻ԴңǱУһ
ڰ꣡˲䣬а¹һ£һɰݵζϯԣԳ˵סҾһ
ˣһצֵȥ˳ԡ
ռ侫֮
򣬳Ҳָ˹۾־ʩչ˿ռ侫ֱ֮ľ硣
ߴһ㣬˳ȥ
áа¹Ӽ˴ȣӾ˫īǵذϯȥأʱˡ
а¹ҲԽսԽ£ͺڰͬʱãϣѹȥͨʩչѹš
𣡡˫צأһ֮ƿշɳ˫һȥа¹ӵƷЯϵƣն
ʲôа¹ӿ亹ð˲
ྫ֮ʯ֮䣬ʩչ˾񹥻ﶼ࣬磬ܹоľʮǿ󣬼٣֮һҲڶʱֹ
Ҳһ˵
ߡа¹һȴҲɱ˵ͨɱжԸʩչҵĵưɡ
áԲʣͷ
ڰ֣֮
а¹ӽ̤أϯ˫Ƴ֮ƣ·һ㣬¡¡ڰ񱩵ĽϯһɻԹⲨҲӿֶһƬڰ֣𶯣һаɵĹѹͬʱ֮һ㡣
¡¡
޴ֳ彫ȥһ
˲䣬Ҳ罣һ㣬׻ȸ䣬޴ڳγǿʩչ˻֮ռ𡢾־һж
䡪
а¹Ӳսʱˡ
ã
˶Ǵ𣬲
Ҫʩչǿ񹥻Ժ
ãڻ㡣а¹ɫףȻ󣬵˳ԵĻȴĿƣڵһ絶д𣬡ڰֻأδ䣬Ⲩϣɫ䡣
ͬʱ۾־ԪĹһʩչǿ񹥻
ˣ
ʱһɽԺɢصһ˼άʱһڡ
ڰ
һ죬а¹һ˫ֻԲΪģһīĹԺϯһƬڰﶼڱ˹ԡ
ʮͨʮλڰ
䣡
ɲ֮䣬ڰû
𣡡ȥҪܡ
סа¹Ӵ
Ԫ˵Ҳ־ʡԪһ壬γǿĽռ䣬סٶȴ󽵣˻
ڰ

Ժа¹Ӷ˷·Ϭһ㣬ͬʱʩչ˴ͨѹأʱһЪ˹𣬵ȴ޷ͨҪ֪ǴǴڰ˸ĴڣδͻҪֵסס
򣡡
а¹һۣۻϯѹʱֻ֮Ǿ׵ʼѺۣ顣
أ
һ죬ֻӲ顣
һжɢ

Ժа¹Ӷ˶ɫ԰ףԪ󣬼ʮȥš
ԣҾͷŹ㡣а¹ӿ˳һۣתȥת۾ʧˡ
ԣû°ɣذε͹ͨǰҲ
뿪Ե
ৣ
Ѹ뿪óǡ
çç޼ʵɽ壬һ޴ʯУԱ֮䡢ɭȻϢ壬Ѫÿһ磬žŰʮһ뵤Դںϣʱγɿ񱩵籩ڷڡ
䣡
ھͷ·ըһ㣬Դһͻ˴ɡ
оԼͻֻһ֮ңˡ
ৣ
̯ڳԱж߲ԪݡѪ滨
ѵһ
ֻԱһȸԪͭ¯ǰ
Կʼ
һ棬Ҳ֪ͨħǰ
ʱ仺š
֮ħֻħʯڲΪԲÿ˻ɣڱħͬƵҩ
Ȼ֪ҵ˾ѪҲʮָˡ
ܹͻʵĺö
Σյ̫ſռ䣬Ŭǿʵ
ʯڲħָĸݲ϶ӽ¯֮УŽ߲Ԫݺ;Ѫ뵤¯
һжɡ
תۣʱȥ
ڣһʱѾȥˡ
첻ˣҲƳɹʮ
ȻʮȴˣΤˡǲͼذεԱħһӾȥһֻʣ
Ȼ˶ʮָˡ
ϻúⲼû󣬹ͨͷ񻤷˿ʼ̷ʼ
࣡
ʺڰ׶ɫԱ̷ʱһڱһһȣ̫ҹһ㡣


1066 ͻ
ۻԪڵǧ˿Ƶϸһ֫ٺʼմ췽ʽУٶȿܿ죬ʵĻÿһʮСġ
ģԱʼоıǣתȽ棬紦ˮһ㡣
񣬳ԵľѾﵽԪҲǻ񣬶־Ҳͻףһս֮󣬷ˮɵͻףԳԱѾ߱˳ʸ
ڼ䣬ԱѾԴɱ¾תħϡ
һԱֻ߱汾Դ籾ԴԴռ䱾ԴͲ౾Դˡ
ȻƱ𣬵ȴǿħȴʵʺħһħȱݣҲǿٶȣҲǳԱУãžôġ
һڱ֮УȻƴûһ˿ڣȷʵϾԱӵ̫һЩ
֪Խ࣬˺ڣͻԽѣ񳽻㣬Ҳһ
ȻԭڣԱħħΪǿһЩϡ
ˣħʺ־棬Ҳ˳Աһ
۳Աͻûκε
ˣ
֮󣬳Աͻ
ͻͬԱһͻû˿粻ȵļ󣬷Ļ񲻱ȣ·Ѿͻһʱһ㡣
һ㣬ǽ־ףͻƵĺôҲ֮Ĳࡣ
֮ţڸ棬Ŷ֮˱Ȳ˵ġ
а¹ӣڴһμ档ԱϢȫޣо˿ĽϢʦ֮ʱ򣬻Ҫ
ħذεͻ֮УȻҲﵽʮڣҲ־ʷڳԱ𣬿ԤǾͻսҲڳԱ
ȻҪԭڳ˲౾Դά۷״̬ĵơ
ͻ֮󣬳ԱԵĸоǿʮֹ
һսԱɱ練ƣܵ
ǰҲָԱ߳ͨϢǿˡ
šͨЦ˵ôʯݵ£Ϸ޷ΪָҲδ̫Цˡ˵ţ̫ſռ䣬˵Ũڴһ꣬꣬Ҳȥò꣬ϷͿԽΪָˡ
ϲǰ˵
Ǻǣ˵һϷҪлл㣬㣬Ϸڻ½ءͨЦ
ѽʱһСѩһ˵˳ϣһ
ˣһЦóһҺСһСһ˲ѡ
ϻáͷѾָΪ֪ҪʵأϻúͷߣüʵѾͻһ̶ϣϻúͷ˵ԼСԳҲ˵ʵ
ǣϻúͷü˵һ飬һ飬ҪΪĻҪİ취Ļͬ齣һϷȴҪͨϷ
ţһⷽ취ġЦ
šϻúͷ񶼵ͷȻҲע⵽ųΪߣǵҲԽԽСˣǾһս֮ǸûвֵˣҲ˳⻰Ҳ
΢΢ʣϻúͷ֮·ϣɲ٣Ϊ
ôѰͨǽҪĿ֮һˡ
ʱȥ
ذεͻһһУȫ¶һɾƣлס
ǿֻԵЩ粻ȣ˴ҩʯ֮󣬲ȶ˾硣
֪ʱȥ
ΤˡͼǲȺͻ
ֻʣħһͻơ
ôֻδͻأͼǲɻ
ģֵʵǻҪǿʮʵҲԭͻһЩԤһͻʵԱǿΤ˵
һ㣬ǲͰͼʮš
ʱ䣬ǻȶһ¾ɡ˵
ԡΤ˵
ԴˣԱȴ֪ħںԴͻҪʱ䣬Ȼͻʱ䳤һЩˡ

ʱذε𣬿򳽻ԣ˵֣ҵ䵶Ѿ˵ڰأұһΣ
áԱһ£ͷ룡
롣ذεһڣȵʱ絶һƿն
䵶֮ĵƷ֮ߣԲǳͨԱģ볽һսܸգذεͻ䵶ҲĸӴ죬ʮ㣬Ҫ볽һս
ݣ
Աβδ壬Ѿʧԭأذεɿռ֮С
ɣóȫʵԱ˵

ذεû̬˵һУһΣûħõ䵶ֻд˵ܹӳ䵶
һ㣬ذεʮ
οҲ֪ԾԷͬһĶ֣ԣܽʵ䵶ʮأͻưأӵʷǿģҪ볽һս
ս
ûκεĻذεȳ˳ԣৣʱҰΪģԲ֮ڣ⣬иһ㡣
һһʽ˵ذεĵﵽһʮľ硣
һ㣬ĸоˡ


1067 ԵĻԵ
ǿĵơΤ˶̾һ
û뵽ҲôǿĿ΢˵
ڴ֮䡣Τ˵
䣿ҲûˡͼǲЦ
ҪйѾͻˣֻҪһʱͻƵڣҲûлᡣ˵
Τ˵
֪ɭǱôͼսĳذε˵
ɭĻǿͬͻǿҲĶ֣Ƕ˵һսĿܡǲ˵
ǳĺǿֱǾšΤ˵
ǰʵ¿а½ǰʮĴһ¡˵
ɣΤ˶а½һǰʮǿǾԵ콾ɾ嶤ϵ飬仰˵Ժ
ʸ񡣡˵ܹоõɭҲĶ֡
ǶأΤ΢΢ʣ˵
ذεҪܣʱڷֲʤϾĵҲǧѵһġذε˵
šΤ˶ͷȻѾͻҲܹоԼ˲ذεĶ֡
ǧ֮⣬Աذεս
ǡ
뵶⽻֯޾и飬õĿռ䶼ڵͬˮһ㣬һȦһȦϯȥ
ϰУԱذεս硣
ǳԻذε˵ʵս鶼ḻ쳣֮ͬУһһĴڣԾƵ뽣ĶԾ
¶Ե£
ȻذεûгԶ࣬硢桢䵶һ̶ϣڳԶ٣ͨ־ʷ棬ȴһ
ΪͻԵĽ־ͽһףʶףذεȴֻһס
⣬ʹħͨҲذεܹģֻһֱδʩչͨΪҲʶһЩ۰ţΨܹ֮䵶ж
䵶
һ̣ذεʩչһС
¡¡
ķƶɫ䣬һз·𹴶һ㣬ذε˿ȥ·һ񵶣ŭն񷡣
䣬䣬һնһ¾䡣
ǾԵĵУ
ذεͻҲ̤˵һµĵá
ৣ
ԵĽҲԽͻ֮ҲеĻʼѧǳԷˮһ򵥣Ѵ֮
նննȻȻʼѧ
һϣҲռԵơ
䵶ڰأ
ڣذεʩչһУնһС
ȴδκγԡ

˷ֿһЦذε̾һ˵Ȼ޷ʹơ
ûƣҲಮ١Цϧ޷
ĻԵذεЦ
šԵͷ
ʱȥ

һǿҵħħͻ
ɭ֣Τ˶ӭȥ
šħ߳ޱ飬˵ͷ
ٻᡣԱħһۣ뷨
áħͷ
ৣ
Աذεͨȥ
Ҳ߰ɡħ˵
֣û뵽⳽Թϵ֮áͼ˵
ǰǲҲͷ
֣һħһ壬Ȼܹ˹ϵǲ󡣡ΤҲ˵
û˵ʲôһ˫ĿҲ䵽ħϡ
֮ħ˵
ҷкܶ๲ͬ㣬ֻһһ㣬һºһЩ˵
Ҳԭǲߵһɡħһ£˵
šͷ
Ҳ뿪

ܺãַƷһԱѰңСѾͷҲߣܿһ
ˣ˶һЦ
ڴڼ䣬Ҳħ꣬һ⣬ɱ˶Ϊɱħֱ練ƣ֪ģ˵Ҳ̫ſռ䴫
ȻͻˣҲֹˣ塢ħ嶼в١
ʮꡢʮħ꣬Ƕʮˣһ޴֣̫ſռ䣬ͬʮˮһ㣬Ʋһ˿
̫ſռ̫ˣǳħ֮һа½ļ֮󣬶а½ȴħ壬ȴ½󼸱ʲô˵ʮˣ˽Ҳûвࡣ
̫ſռ䡣
ûʧֻҪˣÿһ˶ջ
̫֮ſռ䣬ֱ޷֮ջҲ
ЩźľƷʮֺ
һƷһƷʯƷʯʮҪļֵʮ֮ϣϾֻǶһѣ֮Ĳ࣬ɲʯܹܲģһƷԲһƷʯЧ
ˣռڵŨѾﵽ˰ٱ֮ࡣ
Ѱҵ˾֣ҲһʲСĿ
֮⣬Ҳҵ˲ŵرС׵ԵݲϣһƷ䶼װˡ
Ҳһ޷ĲƸ
˶֪ҪݡʯϾԽࡣ
򵥵˵ûͻ֮ǰʮƷʯ㹻ָԪȴҪϰƷʯһС
ԣ˶Źκһ䡣


1068 ɽ
ڴڼ䣬һͻƵѰ츳һӾ˳ܹҵĵر붼ĹͣҲԽϲˡ
Ϊ棬ܹõݡĵر
ΪޣܹͻƣķǳԣͣĳԣѵһԻȴóĽѡ
޵ĵ֮
һ죬˴һƬƽԭǰһɽǰ
ڻϣһĵģ
ѽȻлһͣ˱̬
ôˣ棿İɫëʵ
һ¡ԱҲ˵Сһ﷢ɵĶ
šͷ
ɽЩ֡ͨǰָǰ˵ǿ⿴ָ
е񡣡ذεü˵ңɽ壬Բһȴɡ
ľˮԳоâ˸˵ĴָΪʳָΪľָΪָΪСָΪˮȷʵָӦ
ɽͨ˵
ֲذεЦ
ȷʵɽԡ˵
ߣϷ뿴ɽк֮ͨ˵
šԱذεҲ뷨˵СһЩ
ˣҲҴ⣬ٶȡ
һнŹֵɽ塣
ʱ͸оǿҵвԱһϲնвٵĺô
ɽΰɽ壬Уһ˽УһСо·һж޷֮⣬ȴڵøǿˣ·ɽԳĪһ㡣
Ũͨ̾һϷ֣ɽ壬Ϊܹһԣ
һ㣬ԺذεҲˣĴָΪʳָ֮ľӷһˣʵ˾̾˵ǴȻĹ񹤣ԸΪġ
ֻ⾿Ҫΰܹ
ΪϷƿ¾ܶ޷Ψ˾ܲͨ
˾Ժذε˾һ϶¶֮ɫϾȴڵܹӴõģֻˣܹоһǿò˼ѹ
ĸо
ѽʱȻȻˮ״
ذε˶򳽻ԣ΢΢һЦ˵˵ɽȪ
ɽ壿
˿ȥ֪оɽһʮַĸо·ⲻһɽ壬һһ㡣
Ǿȥɽ忴͡Ե
ذε͹ͨû߽ɽ壬ԽǿǷ֮ҲԽǿңԺذεڵĽתҲԽ죬ǿڴĻȻԽһߵľ磬Ҳӵǿ
ɽ壬۴һƬ⣬ͬһƬɫһ㡣
ɫͬһ̫ųĹһóԵ˶ľǿ
Ǻܿ͸оһɺǿ

һٲǰˮ̶Уˮڽӳ£Եý̻Ի͡
һƬɫ
㣿
ܿ죬һŨڣһּƷʵơ
ѽлһģ
óԵֵǣܣǶûз־Դ֮
ʵ֣
ȥ
һ䵽ˮ̶ߣĸоŨŨľͷĽϢ
ӣ˲ɫȹӣ٣ͬһһ㣬Իõͬһڰٻ赸ָٲ˵
ѽֻҲë׵צָٲ
Ȼڷֱһ棬ǲ¡
˶ûóȻж
ˣ
Ծ̽룬ʱоһŨҵľ㣬˵ѵǴ˵еĺƲɣ
ܡͨ˵
ˣȽȥذεһ͵ӣͨһֻ罣һ㴩ٲС
ߡԵ
ৣ
һ˲䣬ԵҲٲǰȻһһ޴ʯǰʯʯһӦȫ
ԵһʮŨƬռγϸڶŨŨľ㣬ԻñᣬѰҾԴ
֣ذεһ
߽ȥֻһ޴Сӳ˳Եǰһ״СҺȴǳɫţһ㣬Ϸһϸ
ȪԾ
öͨҲ̾
ȪӦȪǴϷġذε˵
Ľͨ˵
ѽΪ˵Ȼ棬Сһ̾ųӺһСӾ͹ĹĵģһƨڵϣȻȵ߲ˡ
ˣЦͣ
ѽѽűãԲĹĵĶӣ·˵ҪЦңⶺó˶Ц
Ҷװɡͨ˵
šԵͷóƿʢװҺȻֻһ״СȪҲ٣ƽ֣˵Ҳǲ
ǲŵõͨ˵
ȡذε˵˵ֻ꣬Ĵһ̽û֣֮ϷһץҪץܿĿһֱ۶һ죬Ȼ˻
ˣԵ˾ɫһ䣬Ĵ˴ʲôˣűﾲޣ
ˣ
δ䣬һɽɫӿڵһ㣬쳣
ˣ
һ£֮ܣֵסɽɫˡ
һͼһֻߴͨ峤нɫëԳǰһ˫۾ҲǽӲӣ£ų۵Ľ⡣
Գ
Ժ͹ͨǳԾס
ȪأԳ죬˳ԼˣȪǲ͵ˣȪ˵֮䣬һצ£Ľɫץצ飬һץסĻǵķѲɡ
ңֻԳϹ֣綼ѿȻҲΪսȴǲڣǿ


1069 
飡
޻ڵһ£̾ͱִ˻
ǰȥȡԴ˵
áͨ
ǸңԳŭ
ৣ
ذεһۣһƽԳ𣺡ɶ񣡡
¡¡
ֻ˫͵һⱬӿһִĽɫӳУʮɳɨǧϯƽһ㣬֮ԻΪ
ˣ
Դһսռ֮Уͷֽӡ£ʮɿѹķ
䵶
ذεû飬˽ԳһͱһҪй趯ħɭȻ罭ˮһһ˾һˡ
ҹԳŽɨǧŭһ˫Ŀۣ·Ī˳ȥֱӣذε𣬰
ৣ
ʱͨϷЦֻкȻһ޴ľƺһ
𣡡Գŭ𣬵ȺǿҪǸۣ˵꣬쳤ʱӭԳͣ糱ˮһӿó𺧡
ԡͨƺͽԣ̱ŽӡС
𣡡𣡡𣡡
һ˲书һֻֻ޴Ľӿ򳽻ˡ
Ե趯齣ƽԳȻߣӵоԵȨΪҲߣֻΪضĻ޷ζѣԱҪ
ǿԳζըˣǰɶǿû뵽ȴ˵Լֱ޿ˡŭ趯ŭսԡ
սϰٻغϣ¡
䡪
񱩣ɽҡ·Ҫһ㡣
һذε͹ͨսһȺһս
ĴѣԳɱκβóԣͷֱðŭʩչԼĵƣʮɷͨλĴѣ
ֻһ˫ɫͫɢһȦȦɫⲨֱ͸˵Ӱ־ҡ˾ݡ
ˣˣ
ʱԸо˫ĿѣΣҡҡ׹
ѽԳƻһصһԴ˳ȥ
ԣذε͹ͨ˼ˣǰȴһȺס
ܣԳЦ
ȻǴѣȻ
ߣ֪˰ɣԳ˵ˣڱȥ졣˵꣬ʩչ˴ѣ
ħ
˲䣬ʩչ˴ħ
໡ʱһֻԳڽԳǰҲֳһɫǽԳħڡ
أ
Ѵ֮Գ͵˳ȥɽҶѿȳѪų˵ס֣
˵ʲôʵ
ȪԸǣǱһæԳ˵
Ϊֹ뿪𣿡Ц
ৣৣৣ
䣬쫷紫˻
ߡ
˷ɳٲȻȴͣٲİУϷһƬյĻ棬һǧɵĻΣ˫צʨβͨ죬ȼջ棬ԣ˵СӣϸоһɺǿԪԣһֻ
˻˻˻һ̶ֻһ޴ɫߣѪţĿʮ׶񣬺Ȼߡ
ǰһֻ룬ͷǣͨ峤ɫۼףëɫһβ˸׹⣬޹¡

Ȼ֪ʱһǧɣƣ̸ڣ֦Ҷïڿ룬һž޴ĲףȻһˡ
ߡ¡ˣкĽԳÿһڣսԽ׵ĴڣԳ˵ʵѳȥѾΧס·ӡ
˵ɣʲôоâ˸ĳߡˡӦþɽޣֻԼ˴⣬û֪һ㣬ֻɻ޵ӦûвǵĴڲǡ
ɱһֻӡ棬˵ʮ֮ͨһĴħŲǽô
ӣԿԳһ档
𣬿ɶ࣬ҪһֻӡԳ
̫ͬƵĵ
࣬ٶ˵һ䣬ھɱ㡣Գŭ
ߡ¡˶Գ˻
ðɣʲôһֻӣȻ˼ɵʵ
߱ǡ
һֻۣܸں
һ·ŷɽ֮еľȻȫˣвߣûг·ҳҲ뿴ʲôһֻӣ޼ɵ
¡¡
ǰߡ¡Գ˽Χס涯ҡһʯǰɽҲǴֿ
໣
δ߽һ̶ԳžһЦһүү𣿡
ɶӣ㻹ôţС
ˡ
ٸϻ֪ǵ
ߡ޶Ǵŭɱ֡
ߣɱүү𣿡Ǹš񱩡˿޷У˵С죬ôҲүүˣ
򣬽еġԳ˵
УЦˣүүǻúúõġ˵ףôİ𣿡


1070 
ৣ
Ż޵ҲԽɻʯһƬǰֻһֻԳﱻУ޾桢硢籩ϯžȴɹЦ·κͭʹһеүүѾܾûôˡ
ߣ
ˣ޶ɫࡣ
СӣĴħֻӳ٣Ѷ˫Ŀ飬⣬ľʵ˼㡣
䣡
գ֮䣬ͨذεͱ¡Գס˵ڿʼɡ
СӣԭǱвȵģЦ
ұ졣ѾδСϵ׳˷ŭһɫӻžһһѪۣ˵ӣΪ㣬Ҳһֱ޷ȥվ֮ա
ٸүүһޡԼµѪЦ
СӣˡסˣԳ˵
ҿɲ֪ܲá˵
ãѾͿԻ뿪ãǾֻӰɡ
Сӣ㲻Ҫϼһ˵ɱɱүүѶҪ˵
ôᱻԴ˵ҲҿԾȥ˵֮䣬
ҳȥ㲻ˣүүұﲻ֪ˣûܳȥһܾҳȥЦ
ҲɡЦ
һС¶үү͵һͷĵҩͱɽѹһܹɱүүҲ޷뿪˵
ԣԸоЩ˼
ٺ٣Сӣ㲻ˣǸͷŹֵúܣʲô벻ЦֵֻǣôģͷĽذ
Խ򵥸
ô˵ͷѾˣùȥ˵ܣϼһͨΪߣô
ҾͲ֪ˡԵ
ðɣô˵
ҿһ£ɽǾҽյĻҲܹ˵
Сӣɲһ򵥵ɽͷԣ޷ƽԣǳȥġ̾ҵʵһɽסң
ǿ𣿡
յɡ˵
Զʱһѹͷжˡ
ٺ٣˰ɣģֻҪҾ˳Բֺ
Сӣ㻹Ÿʲôں󷽺
ϡ˵
˵Ļ٣ӦòᱻħӰ˰ɣ
ħ˵ѹһԸңħȻֻʮͨĩλȷʵС첻µز£һħκβңɡ
áԵͷʩչ˴ħֻǶһС
һͲҽ
áкһ˵ֵǣٸһѻ𡣡
ɱ뿪ط
Ҷ˼ˣҲˡ
ɱ뿪
ɽڻ˵һ֮أɱһֻ
գǾҪɱ
Ƕûע⵽֣ôˣ
Сӣһ֪أ
ҽгԡԵ
ԣһܹסħȻɱȹˣÿһô׶ɹģǲ֪ôͨɹģҪ֪ħβǰѶ˵ԿŽǰʮ̾˵
ҶѡԵ
ûнңһдԵ˵ˣⲻ壬˵ҲʮֱĴڡ˵
ǺǡԣһЦ
ˣ
֪ģԿʼɽʼڣնİҲʼ߶Ӵͨ
ɽնԱ
ֻǣܿ쳽Ծ鷳
һǿϣϣϡ
ԣ
֪ҲԵԣѹɽĹؼڡ
ʮּ֣
ǳջ֮ԴɶһĨڣһž
ˣˣˣ
ûзԣͬʱԴռ䱾Դ౾Դȥ
һĻˡ
ڳԴռ䱾ԴʧܵʱԲ౾ԴгԵʱĪԾȻ˷Ӧ
⡭һԷֽ⡣
ˣˮľľ𣬻𣬽ˮľľˮˮ˻𣬻˽ɣ˷ףһж·عԴһ㡣

ģԷ·һ㣬֮Уһ֣ͻһ
仰˵Ҳв࣡

ʱ仺š
ڲҽУɫ԰ףһ˫ɫۿûԭ貹ޱȣϢҲ˥һԻǿӹľˮιʹ಻
Щֻʹ񹥻Ŀ£
ħˣϲŭ塢ɫòϸ
飬ŭ
ŭͷѹ꣬ÿһгͷ׶񣬵δ㣬ԽսԽ£棬ȳԸǿ޷Ӱ쵽


1071 бԴ
ŭ
ޱ׶֮ο
˵ŭ˵һӵΪܣһˣ꣬ҲҪŭ
һУӦ
ȴȥаڣлŭж񣬾ͻܵӰ죬̸ħˡ
ϲҽС
һĻû޸˲ѣЦȥӼֲ˶ˡ
࣡в࣡
ͬʱԽˡ

޾һ˱ĿţС
ʱ˫ۣĿƽ֮ʮȥһΪʮţһΪҲŲˣܺãһǧѷĻᣬϷԲܷŹ

Ϣģţʧ޾ռ֮С

̫ſռ䣬ɽ
ڲҽУĿѵһֻޡ
ɶͷˣôܽУ˵
ľˡ˵
ܺãɲ졣

˺ϣʹ뾫񹥻˱ܼ尾
ڴʱ̤˹ؼһ

һӲӵġӽľ硣
ľ
ˮ

¡¡
ĸֽ볽Ծ磬ɽʱҡΣضɽҡ
𣡡
ô£޾

һ˲䣬һӽ˳Ծ硣
䣡
ʱһ춯صıըֻɽƣ
ãŭ
࣬ߺ
ôɫ
ãѳȥҲ뿪طˡԳЦ
ߡ˺ȵ
ৣৣৣৣ
գ֮䣬˺ͽԳͷӳȥ
𣡡򷢳޺ɽ𣬷ѳһѷ죬ȥ
ԣͨذε˼æǰ
ߡԵ
ৣ
ʯ֮䣬Ҳӳʯ
䣡䣡䣡
ɽ׵壬֮䱬ը˳ǧɣ̹һƬҽľɽ塢ˮɽ塢ɽ塢ɽ壬ۣں֮䣬ȫը
ڳˡһЦһ޴ľ𣬻Ʋ񷣬죬߲ʻ
ߡߡˡ¡Գ
ߣһ£ƽؾףǧ⣬ܼȳһϯǵء
䣡
һɨأ޶ɳȥ
㲻Ҫ̫ŭ
޲һ㣬ǰӵΪֻޣڵȴǿƥֻҪʱ䣬ܹΪһ˼ĵز
Ҫɱǣбˡ
ˡ
ֳһ޴Ժɨǧ֮ƾޡ
أ
죬·ֻһ޾͵ɳȥһѪ
ͬʱ뿪ɽ
ৣ
Σվ֮£ɽۣܣɽɮɫͷϿճৣٲһӿ
û°ɣذεʵ
Ӧû¡ͨ˵ӦɽԵʣԲŻˡ
šذεͷ

ڴʱһЦһԪӲץ򳽻ԣ˵СӣԪȥɣ
ۣ
ʧȥԪǧը
ߵĴ޼ðֻӴܡ
үүһ˫Ŀų⣬أ֮ɽۣˮЦܹүүĻ۽֮£ǵҡ
꣬Ҫնɱɣ
ǿͬ尡Գе
ʹϵ˫Ŀӣޱ飬ͬһɱ񣬽ɨиʮͨʮλĴи
ãǴиߺͽԳɫ䣬Ҫߣ̺иֱױȣ·ԽһжָҲ⣬ۣߺͽԳг롣
ԣȥɣǺǴЦˡߡ¡Գ򳽻ԣ֪޾
޵Ǿܣ̺ȴܿԱģֱǿֲһöһڳ˵ֱ컯
һжûнֻ䵽ѾΪһƬɽϣһץʱƿؿǶ糤һ㣬򳽻ԣȻľˮ
ˣ
ڷռڵĽҲԶɳ
ۣ
ڳܣ塣
Щòţͳͳ͸ˡЦܣȷʵòڳ˵һ컯Եô޾ʱһ˳
ˣˣˣˣ
ں֮䣬ĵ֮Դľ֮Դˮ֮Դ֮Դγɡ
䣡
֮Դ֡
бԴᣡ
һ˲书۳бԴ
ذεѾˡ
һ컯ͨԭأò˵
ȴڹЦ
ʱȥ
塢塢ħǰһⶼɱһɶԲûһˡ

ڰ죬ˡ
䡪
ȫ¾ͷ·ըһ㣬бԴᣬȻֻСɣֲҪǿ󣬾Ͷ֮䣬
һ̣Ըо̩ͨĲˡ
ܹĸоͻڣֻһ֮ңˡ


1072 Ľ
ԣˣ
ذε͹ͨ˼æǰѰʡ
šԵͷԶڷԲΨһһŵɽϣֹ·׷ʲô
СӣȥҲͷҲأӰ
лԹ˵бԴᣬҪǣбԴͷױԴںֻеıԴǵһԱԴҲ˵ڳԵڣѾɲ֡
̺û˿õôԶ
ŵ˵ǳڵõ౾Դ컯Ե
бԴ֮·ϣԿԸһ
֡ذε죬ò˵һ䡣
Ҳ߰ɡͨ˵һߣ˶ǰһ
šԵͷ
ৣ
˷Ӷֻʧ֮⡣
ļУҲʩչͨ۽𾦡иĳ
ʯһֻɵʯ
⣬߱һͨɷʮͨһͨ仯
޸ĸɣʯӵͨиʹ仯
Ƭ֮УʯһֱǴ˵֮Ϊκ飬иĸʯ޸ĸ˵Уرĸĸ
ΣԸоܹʶҲԼҡ
תۣʱȥ
ʱ򣬳Ѿ̫ſռĵرʤɱ¾ȴ޴ڡ
Ȼд
ԭԲûвֵ˼ȴԼԼˡڡ֡
ѵͬŲɣذεɻ˵
ȥ˵
ৣ
һӹһɽ壬һСɽȳǰֻħΧһŮӣŮģ㣬ƮƮ𪣬Ŀ籦ʯһ㣬ʮֵˣһնȥ¶ѩ׵ļõħٺЦ
ߣڣһӶû˵ţʲôֵӵģС椣źˣ˵һͽɱһɫħ˵Ŀ޼ɵŮǰ͹µɨӡ
ҸƴˡŮᣬֽ˵
ǰ㻹ɱһħһһĳһŮеıͷ˳ȥ
ԭ֮ǰŮӾѾħɱѾûһս֮
ԡ
ʱһ
˭ħߣ׼һޡ
ৣ
ûжԻն齣һƬ硣

ħͷϣͻĳԵƻϴŭɱ򳽻Եˡ
䣡
ǵ͹˳˵ʵħɱ˲䱻ơ
ڣħɫ΢
ߡһħ
ɡ齣նסħˡ
࣬ʶľ뿪ħͶ巢ɱħɫڲ
ôЦһбԴ߹ɣɫն̺££һħĿУħ걻룬öɫ䣬ӣ
ৣৣ
ͨذε˽סˡ
Ҳûţʹþ񹥻ͻڸ֣ټ棬ɾĽħꡣ
û°ɣ˵
û¡Ůӿѿһ죬æһ£˵ллӾ֮Ŀ䵽齣ϣԾ齣
뿪ɣһѰʹ˵
áŮӵͷ
һһ˾뿪һŲ£ɫݵأˡ
֮䣬Ҳ֪˲ŮӵĽ¡
ԣʲôʰɣĽµ
ĽݹڣԺ΢Щصʵ
šĽµͷ˵Ԫ½
Ԫ½üаѵһڣ
û˵Ҳ֣Ԫ½ڳ֮УֻһеѡĽ˵ȴ½һš
ԣԳܿ¶ģΣҪȥڿһҪ̫ͨſռȥ磬ҲȷʵҪһȥȻԤڣһ棬Ѱغܷ뿪̫ſռ䡣
ԣ֪ɷĽҿһ¡Ľ³˵
롣ȡ齣˹ȥ
Ȼ齣Ľ¶֮ɫ˵ֻôϣԣѽƷû彣߰
Ľݹ˵Ҳڣڵ𣿡Ц
ôܣĽԳһԲ˵ٻ˵ϻһڣҲ˳Ϊγ־Լˡ
Ҳɡ˵
˵ĻĽ¿ųԣ˵ֻǱڲδзڣڵڣһԪ½˰ɣ
½˵ţ۲Ľϵı仯
½Ľü΢塣
ţëû˵֡˵Ľ¸ղ˵Ļ
ĽһЦ
Σʵ
ûˣлǵľ֮Ľ˵һҪȥѰѣټˡһŮӣȻ˳Ի˼
šԵͷ
ãĽ¾ȥˡ
ԣȥڣذεǰʵ
šԵͷ˵Ǳ취ȥʮˣһԼᣬһӶһᱩ©ġ


1073 ȤϷ
ǿԽռ䡣ͨҲЩˡ
ô죿ذεüʵ
żа취˵
ʲô취ذεʵ
򡣡˵
ذε
Եͷذε仯ܹ𣿡
ܡͨͷ˵仯Ǳ仯֣һߣ޹֮ЧܹΪʮɷ֮ͨһ仯ܹ˾µߡ
ôذε
򵥵˵仯ɻ˻Ψ˾ܹͨ˵
𣿡ذεü˵ҳǴȥ仯㣬Ҳһռ䣬ӡȥ
ǰͨ˵仯Ȼֻһͨȴʯһ޶ͨŵ˵֮У仯ˣֻԸ⽫ڶ𣿡
Ǿõڶַ˵
һһɡͨ˵ܹһ컯һ֮ˡ
ҲôԲæ˵
Ǿ߰ɡذε˵ڻ֪أ
󣬳һ˾ȥǰķ
񣬳Եܹ̫ͨſռ䣬ǰ磬ˡ
һ·ɱ¾̫ſռҲԽԽǿ󣬳˲ڣ޷Σʩչͨħ˵һѡ
תһʱȥһ˶ûҵ
ˣһʱȥ˰ꡣ
ʱһзϢ̫ſռ䴫
˷һоžŰʮһ㡣
ȻⲻҪϢħ˷ܵǣʼۼҩѧͨ죬һ˵Ϣʮͨʮɷͨ
һ˲䣬̫ſռˣ塢ħ궼ȥһҲ⡣
Ǽ٣ذε
ҲģҲǼٵġͨƵĵ
ΣǶҪСġ˵
ͨ˵ģÿһ塢ħľӢô׶Ըġ
ԣԺذεͷ˵һɱ¾ⲻˡ
ৣৣৣ
Խǿĸħࡣ
ûзһɱ¾Ϊ˶Ͽ쵽ڡ
һʱȥ
һΡ롢ΰ˳һĿУռǧɣδٽ͸оһɺƴϢӭ鶼̲סη֮ġ
ɻǣûһ˽ȫۼߣΪħӪ
ô£ذεɻ
ߡ˵
ԣʱһһֻĽӭ
ĽݹԵҲˡ
šĽµͷ
ô£ʵ
ҲŸոոϵڻûһ˽ȥĽµ
ţԸɻˡ
棬ħӪħһҲ˳ԣͬʶһ㣬ǶףħУ˭жѣǾǴǽɣ
ܣԷ֣ʮ塢ʮħ壬Լֻˣħȴǻˣʧء
ҲԿħʵҪǿĶࡣ
ͻߵϣħ弸֮һսĻӲ˺á
ħһǶһЦ
һɼϴ壬ħ塣
ʱһⶼܷ
һʱȥ
巢һСĦʮˣħ弸ͷѹ£ֹʧ̬Ľһ񻯡

ףһӴһ쳹
ô£ꡢħ
СһӭͨһԾЦһ˳ϷͨˣֻϷµһʶѣ֮ԽȫۼΪ˽һȤϷ
ʶ
ȤϷ
ҪϢ𾪣ʣͨһλµģģֻʶѡ
˾ܣ
ڳ֮У嶼д̾ʧ֪λ˾ܡ
ˣûһ˲𺧣ԵҲ⡣
ˣϷҲϻͨĺöģҩѧµϵʥӦоУֻҪʵͿԵõϵٴ
ǱϷĹءͨ˵Ϸһصıݣʮˣλ棬ħţϷҪǽһǰһģÿһƷһ׻ʼѧǰʮƷ࣬ʼһǰʮʮƷһ࣬ʼһǰʮʮƷ࣬ۼһǰ࣬ۼһʮƷһʮƷۼѧһףһš

ͨһƬž
ħ壬嶼Ŀɿڴעǰ
ôܣ
һʱ䣬˶ţܿͶһУ¶ȵĹâͨ˵ĶһһģƷۼѧۼ
˶սܣĦȭƣȲҪһս
Ѿסˡ
Ҳһͷ⽱Ѿ޷ñˡ
ֱһ
ȻҲ˾޴ս
ûиûջ˭á
Ʒ
Ƿŵеλ涼֮͵Ĵڰ


1074 ͨ
˵ֱ޼֮޷ãһƷ൱ʮƷʯöʮƷʯȡһƷҲûԸ⽻ΪƷڳλڡ
޼֮
ۼ
ʼۼʥѾǽʥĴڣ磬ۼһ׵ϣУûеģΨа۰ӵС
οۼǷŵе磬Ҳ˲õı
ۼѧҲͬˡ

Ѿ޷ñˡ
˼壬˵á
ţ´˵ɶȹٵĻʡ
һ㣬֮͡
ο˵ڳڣŵе磬޼֮Ĵڡ

Ҫﵽľ簡
һ˲䣬ÿһ塢ħ궼μͨƶıԡ
ο콾Ҳ뿴ԷʵֱһǧѷĻᡣ
ˣ
ڴʱһ죬ͨ˵ˣЩСһǶϷ
֨һ
ֻϡµŴˡ
ߣǽȥ
ǰʮҾͲˣǰһһҪõ
Ҳǡ
ɲ֮䣬ʮ˽ͨ
ֻͨһ㡣
ֻһеȫһֱһޱ޼ʵ磬˾ͺվǿ֮һ㣬ܣȺ貣ǿպ嫡
¡¡
һ㣬ǰǿ˱仯һ̨Ⱥ֮䣬ÿһ̨ǧ֮ޣ֮ߣΡ׳һĸо
ǵһ𣿡
ֱһ簡
˾ܵͨ޷ͨ˸еٮٮߡ
ͨһһʼһʥ
ôܣ𣿡
ôܣǰȻҰѻʼóΪͨ϶һ˲õĴڡ
Ҳô룬磬ʼôҲ
궼۷׷ףΪǰһ̫ˡ
ˣϷԹ򡣡
۵ʱͨ˵Ժܼ򵥣ǲϽһһıԣֱһΪֹϸһǣʮ˽ֳʮ飬ÿһһˣÿǰʮٽǰһԾ
ˣ
䣬һɺƴױȣû˿ƿصԼϣÿһ˾͸оԼλñ仯
ֻһӰ䵽̨ܣ಻һˡ
Աֵ˵飡
ˣڷˡͨ˵
Ѿͨ˵ͨľˣֱ컯֮
ǵϣһöԼıţʾıʱζŸ̨ˡͨ˵;УͶӳıţȻҲζ㽫뿪̫ſռ䡣
ʲô
ԣд󾪣û뵽ͨ˻
ֱѾ޷е𺳸ˣ
ÿһСԣȡʮʤʸ񣬴ʮ֣нСǰʮʸ񣬽ǰһͨ˵ڱԿʼ
һţ
һʮţ
ǧ߰ٶʮţ
ǧŰʮţ
ţ
ǧŰһţ

ͬʱһʱ䣬ʮ̨Ͽʾ˱š
ৣৣৣৣ
һ̣ͼʮ꣬壬Ҳħ塣
Գʮţʮ꿪ʼս
ڣ
ǧٶʮţ
ǳԵıš
ħֵ顣
ħ֮䶼иӦ˴ϵ
ذεֵ顣
ǰóԾ㵵ǣͨȻˣܶûӰô
ϵͨ

Էŭ޼¡
ڽУ쳣ļңһͳֱ󣬲ħ֮䣬Ҳнѵˣʶ򲻹Է£ӳţ뿪̫ſռ䡣
ʮʤߣʸСǰʮ
ʮֱݣѸ٣Ͼܹս߲࣬Ҳ١
һ⣬֮е콾
а¹֮һ
Ҳע⵽˳ԣֵֻС顣
ذεȳϳ
һʤ
ĸħ壬ڣ˺ܿսһš
һߣˣֻȡʮʤΤˡǲͼ˶ʧˡ
ս˳δ뿪̫ſռ䣬뿪ͨ
飡
ħ̨ˣ
ৣ
ͬһϯ˸̨ϣ۰һһ꣬ʮڣӵǿս
꼸ûκοǾ׳˱ţħѴ֮Ӯ˵һ
оų
ħսݣ֣ħ壬Ҳ塣
ڰһħ壬ɲħĶ֣ħѹ
ھˣ
ֱʮ˲ֹһħĽŲɴ˶֣Ϣһˡ
Աδ̫עħıԣ˽ħʵԴħɲ򵥾ͿԶԸġ
óԾǣĽ¾ȻҲȡʮʤԽһ֡
ȻĶа¹Ҳȡʮʤ
ԣڴٴһսһġа¹Ӵ
ûлᡣԵ
ߡа¹һ˵
Դˣ̬ݣа¹ǿʮ֮УǰһŲܹͻΪ
ʱ䣬˽콾
޼乫Ӻǿʮ֣һаܵУ
ѪʥҲǣ
߾Ҳǿ
Թעһ£ħһ޼乫ӡѪʥӡ߾ӡ¡ľʮǿΪһд֣ܶһˡӡСʥӡϹ¾׿սʮǿҲڵΪ
֮ܶ嶼콾ҪЩ֮ӱѣ


1075 ս
ǧٶʮţ
ڣֵ˳Ա
ৣ
ɨҶһ㣬ƮƮ䵽˸̨ϣȺǻƣ貶Ŀ
Сӣķүүɱ֮һħ壬ķֶײУǰһ־Ǳ˺룬ֻƤڣΰǿ׳һ䶯ɽӡ
ʣ
̬ݣԳ齣һ⣬˳ȥٶȿò˼顣
͡һ
ֻķѪδδĽĽ£ͭһС۾һķǰһˣҪȴһ˵ϡ

һ紵ķʬͲӰ
أ
һ죬һħ˳ǰһۣ˫ɱ¶ݺݵ˵Сӣ㵨ɱħţվͽ㲻úΪȻҲǣ壡
Ϊħͱǿ֮ͬУħһǿȻô⣬ɲǰĴڡ
ء
˫̤أɽһұȭһ㣬Ĵ򳽻ԣȭâռ䣬һڶ
֮򣬳ءǿᣡ
ৣ
һն£һƽ
һɱ䣬Ҫһȭԡ
Сʵ޻һ

·Ӵһ𣬶ʱֻ걻һˣŵĵųԣһ˫ȭâڹ⽻ཻͬһ㣬ž֮ͣ糴һ㡣
ţħ죡
һţŭ𳹲죬ǧɸ̨𶯡
¡
һռһһаɸߴͷ˫ǵţħ˺ǰ˫Ŀһɺɺ죬ųԣ˶ɣ׺ݱ塣
ɣ׹ȣ˫ȭĵŭ졣
裡
һţУţħ̤գռ־һֲֻУݺݴ򳽻ԣһ齣ϣ䣬ˣʱеãɱ
ˣذε𣺡ԣ
һĽºͿŮɿ򳽻ԡ
ٺ٣ԣɲҪʧа¹ζ˵
䣡
һ죬ȼܻ棬ȼգɵأ罭תòϢ
˲
Խ̤˲

һХ죬ӭȥ齣ն£һ̤𶯣γһ޴ӡѵһһײţħϣ˴ĿѪ졣
أ
ڶ
أ

أ
岽
ӵڶ岽˲Ϣ򣬵ں˵ȴͬȹһ꣬ÿһ𶯣ս˥˵岽ѾǰţħѾ޹ˡ
ۣ
Ե£ɽţħֽͬɵһ㣬ݻ١
أ
һ˲䣬Ҳɳȥ
ৣ
߲£𶯰˷鲼Ѫ
ͨ
һ£塢ħ嶼ע˳ԣĿⶼһмħ塢˸â
ǻʵͨ
̫һ壬ôͨ
ҲԵõܵĴС
ܡ
һЩڵۡ
ৣ
Ⲣûֹ˵ĳ֣һ꣬°׷ųԹ˵룡
롣Դ壬ԻǺܾúøС
ৣ
ֻȴ˳ԵĺøУɱ֣Ǻ飬ҪɱԣԵֵסˡ
г˻֮ɫ
ۣ
ޱ飬һ֮롣
ˣ
ˣ
ھˣ
ৣ
ʮ˳ˣһħ꣬СЩгŶУɢƵ⣬ޱȡ
ȣһȣƽԡ
ϣԸоľԡˮԡֹ
С
òˣȷʵǳԳսʮ֮Уǿġ
ˮƺ

Ϣ
ʽʩչħڣѹԵƽԡ
ն
ֻһԾȥĹһȴ̺˽ľˮбԴֹһĹҲǿ󣬵ԴںϣγɱԴǲݺˡ
ۣ
ħ굹ɳȥһѪ
ֻǳδɱΪ֮׳˱š
ˣҲź
ͬʱа¹Ҳ˸̨
ڣ
Ȼͻڣǳû뵽Ҳûиоġ
ǳԷˮһʹ˶֡
ɾ䣡
¸̨Ц˳һۡ
ͨڷ·ûʱĸ֪ȥãһʮʤ߲ˡ
ַȻЧһʮ֮˾ţҲʮֻʣ²ˣȻһС֣ڼֻһµһˡ
ⲻһˣħռ˴룬岻ռš
ҲԽԽǿˣܹȡʮʤһ֮еٮٮߣƱػΪĴڡ
ΣҪȡʮʤʮѣǴǻ֮ۡˣ޷
һʱ䣬ҲԽԽ
һÿһ˶˳ʱ䣬ͬʱ˽ԼĶ֡
ڳ˵ˣעֻҪ˽ԼһĶ־Ϳˡ
ʣЩ˶ǿ
Բ壡
ΪޣͱҪӭѶϣη޾Ͷ־
ʱħǿĶ֡
µһ֣ɱȳԱϳڴ֮һڶ֣һꡣ
Ϲӣ
֣Ҳĳƺš


1076 ħʵ
Ȼ֮ŲСһǿĶ֡
һ㣬ҲзΪӡʥӵˣһ⣬콾ϹҲ⡣
ħ壬ҷϹӣվڡϹһ£޹Ͼҡҷһȣ棬һ˫˫ĿУȴ˿µɱɱȻԳħ
ɭԶһŵĿħ
Ǽ֡Ա΢΢üħܷܷϹӣǺܵǡ
̨ϣħɫᣬ飬ӭŷϹӵĿ⣬ԡ
Ϲӳ츳ޣħ˲ʶ࣬ȻǶŭɱҲŨˣδ֣γ޴ķѣ֮䣬򳽻ħ
𣡡
ħһϯⲨڵһ㣬صһըѿ
ৣ
һ˲䣬һ׹罣һ򳽻ħĲ
ٺ٣һϹЦ
ˣ
һīĹһ
أ
һ죬ħѹһ۳֮תͬڴٶ֮һ㣬̫һ㣬ųϸ΢ʮϬϹӴ˹顣
һҹ
ϹӰƮƮòţͬһʫĹӣȴ򿪣һƬϢĹԶʱϯÿһι㶼̺ŨŨͬػشһ㣬˸оѾ
ļ
Ϲľļ
أ
ѩڣӽⶳع飬ﶼ֮£Ǿ磬ζŶ磬ζȡ磬ȡȡɾ硣
ء
ľɢɽ飬³٣ǿݣﶼ
һ
֮
ѹ֮£ħ̾ѹס
ߣ㱾ҲڱǰţֱǻˡϹһڲм˵δ䣬žһ򿪣һƬ֮ϯһ򳽻ħ
֮Ϣ
һ̺ȡȡ궯Ϣбۣһжջ١
Ļ
Ҳļڣͬһչһ㡣
Х
ӡ
ֻأ
ħú޷֮һгɿգ뱾һηţҲҪף־ܣԴڹĶ񱩵Ϣ궯γһ޴ĺӰ

޴Ӱͷ·֮Ӱһ㡣

Ϣ˲Ϣ˺ڰ֮У֣ڱΣ죬ﶼʧ
ףȤϹӼ˾һЦ˵һжûãɢ˵꣬еٴȳʱһɫŶͬһµϦϦ޺ãֻǽƻĸо
＾
＾
ļһֻأôļ＾˥ʱڣͬһһ㡣

Ȼһж·ԳħûӰһ㡣
У·һжڡ

籩ȴûоϹӣڳħۣһ˫γɡ
֮
ʱ̨ķ˾찡ȻԴ˴Բ֮֮
֮ǿǴ˵֮ͨһ
ţҲٶ֮񣬾Ϊӵ֮ԭҲЩΪʲô˵㵽ԭΪٶ̫ˣûܹɱ¾
ħţܹվ֮гɣνǶ컯
ߣ۳֮ΣΪ̫ˣһ
֮ѲϹӡ
ħ궼׷׳
Ҳãɱһ߶ҷϹʵһ΢飬ܹһħĨɱѿ֮УҲһгɾ͵顣Ϲɫ΢ɭ˵Сӣɣ

ħ˫Ŀ飬֮ȶٶȿĲ˼飬޷
ÿٶȣ
˾֮
ƴѩ
ϹҲɫһ䣬û뵽ħٶȻ˾أҲ֮ǰôˣĵĽȻԴ󣬿ɱħϾΪ

ģ


һʩչѩѩ׷ףǧɸ̨·һѩ磬Ʈѩ
ৣ
һ֮⻮
أأأأأأ
֮ѩ飬һ
ˣ
ħħѹ£̩ɽѹȴ߳һá顢ʬÿһʮ֮ޣǿޱȣÿһĿʮڣһȣȻӵΪ
֮ţ֮ţ
һĻħꡢ궼һվ򳽻ħ
һĻҲע⡣
֮ţ
˵пٻ޾֮ţ
ÿһ궼סˣһֱΪǴ˵û뵽һоȻģ֮Ŵڣ֮ţ޾ͻ֣Ϊٻߴܶ֡
ۡ
һ˲䣬ѩ类˺١
áϹɫ䣬һһѪĵ˳ȥĿĿųħľôûֻΪħ꣬Ȼܹٻ֮š
治ڸЦ

ǰһУ߷ϹӣڸЦһжġ
ͬ𾪵ĻгԱҲû뵽ԼŽԴħãȻٻ֮š


1077 ɵ
֪ħһõĻԵͬԼһбԴһʣħĻԵԼĸ֮ţֶΰ
ЩħϾϹӲͨˣţǿߣ
ϹߵˣȤ
ѾˣһͷȻһӱһӲͷ˭Ҳ˵ġ
ҲãҲ˳ʶһֶΡ
һȤı
˶ۣһ֪Ϲӵˡ
ɶ񣡡ЩϹɫݣĿǰδе𺣬׺ݣͬҰһ㣬һжΪħݺݵĶǰߣһ㣬ﶬļ֣
ɫ
ɫ
ɫ
ѩɫ
ɫʣġļļ
һΣӵļ
ˣˣˣˣ
ϹӰ·裬ڷӸֳ˿˿֮ɫ͵׷ɳȥתʱɫâųȥļۣļһγļһȫµ硣
ˣ
֮䣬һ޴ɫڷϹǰļȣͬһϯٲһļȥǿա
ļ򣬴𣡡Ϲޱ飬ޣĿܣ˫ƳƻʵѸףɫâ̴ȻһγʵĹʺһ㣬ȴ̺˴ļ
䣡
ϹٿȻ˫ۣɫͫһγļļζ
¡¡
ͬһʱ䣬һ޴ĺɫֳ֣ѹǿգѹ˷Ӷһɻݺݵĳļ֮ϣصһ컯ը
ۣ
֮ᴩ̨Զһж

ųܹ̂ϵһС
ãɢ
̨ϣħһʬ壬ȻǷϹӵġ

𺧵ĿУϹӵʬɢ
˻һĻò˶һһ
ħȻϹӶɱˣ
ϹӺôҲӵйӵĳƺţܹ֮Žǰʮû뵽ȻһħУǳϰ
ǰû뵽ħ֮оȻ˴ڣ֮֮ţ϶ҪСһЩ
ɭȻˣŵľǰ˹ܸħлģϼħԭҪúýѵһԷѵԼǺ˵ġ
˹ҿĳǲҪˣǰɡ
ǰֻһǵ壬ҲܹԸģοҲɱ㡣
ǻǲҪ
ԭ˹ѵħħ궼׷׳ԣĿж˼ɵ֮ɫ
Яʤ֮ħٴδˣڶʮʤ
ֻһ˼С
ৣ
ֵ˳Ա
а¹ӿЦ
أ
̨һһ£ڰħ˳Զ档
ϣɢڵΪһ˫ͫ׷ɫԣԣʮֵأվŤͬˮƣ򣬵ȷʵڣһ޷Ĺɡ
ˣ
ˣֳʽȽԡ
һѹȻ
ǿ
һ˲䣬Ծ͸оʵ
Բ壡
ʣʣʣ
쳹潣¡¡֮·۵糸ڣ죬ţԾͬһ޴񽣣ն£ǧأݿ֮ƣݻӵʽ
ľʹ
ò棬һħ壬һ幫ӣӵһ˫ɫֱͫ
һͺдⱬӿһͷϿճ֡
أ
򳽻ԣϴ΢Цʣһ̨𶯣һ£ͷС̳˲ϢȻǲ֦Ҷïռݰɿռ䣬壬޶ǡ
һΪΪʵʳϡ
һָо·һħһһ㡣
ˣ
һһ޴ɫγɣ򳽻ԡ
ͣͣͣͣͣ
ȣ貾Өһ㡣
ն
֮ԴԴڳڹĶ¡֮ͣ齣ȥϯХǧڱһ㡣
ʣ
һ֮쳹ǿգһӨӨĽն£аɾ޴ն·룬ɫ֮Уʱһ죬·ʲôһ㣬صһķѿ
ʱӱ˳ȥ
ʲôľ죡ѹһ׹ţӣһƬɫѹʮأǿն·鿪ˡ
𣡡
һ֮

׻
ȸ
䣡
޳ڳԵǰĺΪһĳȥأһ죬ɫ籬ը
ۡ߷һ㵹ɳȥѪ䵽ϡ
ˣ
նХȻټ
һĻ˵ʵڵʯ֮䣬Ѹޱȣ˾һ㶣οѾ˵ע⣬Ǳħӡ
ৣ
ڶλֳˡ
ৣ
λ
ৣ
λ
һսԳԵʤ
δʩչƣԸԽºնննΪѧˣ֮ͬУҲûܹƽ⡣
ৣ
λһ塣
ŻȲͷڣһ־Ӹµƣһ֪ףųԣ˵ˣĺ˵˽ˡ
롣Ե
룿ЦһмĿ˳һۣĳһΪá˵ͬΪķϣԶɣҴдԸһĻᣬĻ֮أ㲻Ҫ󰡡


1078 ʮʤ
ϻ˵ɣԴϵ
Ӯ˼ԣѾˣܺãѣ֪ܹȾָġ˵סҵ֣ҽС
ûȤ֪˵֡ԺĴϵ
ৣ
δ£ԾѾƽˡ
纣ϢԨƺ޾ϢͿԴ͸ռ䡣
һſһŤȻѾŭ˼㣬ͺһȫţһϯ̰˻ģѹһƷ⣬򳽻ԡ
أ
һռ䵱ը
Բ塣
ն
һǷնЧʩչնХ׻ȸػһѹţοһնصһͽӴµӡնɳȥ
ʲôɫһ
ֻû뵽ڶնˡ
ɶ񣡡ӱŭǻŭȼգֱսеļް
飡
һ죬Ӿ˳ȥɫ԰ף¶˲ɶֹĵ㣬ٴαƽæ˵ͬķϣҰɣ
ۣ
ĮȻ齣ն£׻ȸ޷ɳӾֽͬһ㱻˺ѡ
˺ǿ
ˣ˶̾һ˺ħɭһӵԽսʵʮֿ£Сǰʮ߰
˵̫磬ֻöѣ߾ӺµĻûлᡣ
ϣܹһֱȥ
ҵԸǰʮҲԸħһ
ǰܵ˵ħһǸռơ
Χ˲ۣעԵҲԽԽࡣ
أ
ھˣ
ӭ˵ʮˡ
Ҳһħꡣ
ལºնննʩչκβħ꣬󳽻Ծ
ǣٴȡʮʤ
а¹Ҳʮ֣˵ԣһִġ
źǣʧˣ뿪֮ͨ
أ
ԸоԼ͹ĽµǱȻֻΪսȴʮǿȻٴδ֣ܶսͻƼޣﵽڣʮʤ
սҲԽԽ٣֮У콾ҲԽԽܹע
˽Ѿгǰʮ콾
ħһ޼乫ӡľϡܾӣʥӡѪʥӡӡһǣӡСʥӡǻꡢѺ͡Ϲ¾ˡ׿һ
ʮ˶ΪŴͬߵս֮еٮٮߣ콾
ȻҲвΪ¡߾ӡʥ齣ڡսսӡӵҲиǰʮ˻Ͽѡ
򵥵˵Щ˾һݵ
ҲеڶݵȻ֮ʮ˲һЩҲһʱ֮ѡа¹ӡδ硢ɭȵȡ
ԵħҲ˵ڶݣҪԭɱ˷Ϲӡ
Щ˳ԶйעһȴرעһС
һУҲʮ֮ΨһһС
У
е֣ģ̹¶飬ԲЦ۾ܹгһֱߣһܺӡ
ֻȴһֵֺĸо˵壬
ʮ֣
ȻҲû۲С
飡
νʮ콾֮Уǻꡢ˶ˡ
һˣǻС
˶ġ
ԽеʱÿһСˣ಻٣ٵҲһˡ
ˣ
Ҳʱһ촫ͨ˵𣺡ˣڿʼıʮʤĹ򣬽һһıԣһξСǰʮҲӦĽ
⻰ÿһ˶˷ܡ
ˣڿʼɡͨ˵
ˣˣ
ܿ죬С̨ϿԳš
һһıȻûȡʮʤǰѣѶȴʮʤͶ٣ʮˣֻʣһǧˣνһѡһˣʮͳһбԵĻÿһӵаʤı졣
ԣеѶȲ
ֻΪҲӵԽսʵϾ񳽻һڵˣɲ
ȻвĻЩڴڣҲǴ˴αеҪѡû˻ỳǵʵֻÿһֻѡȡʮˣҲζŴ˽̭һпıԡ
رҲǾ˵ģû˸Ը
ҲԸ⣡
ս
ͬʱһʱ䣬ҵսʮ̨ϳֳ
ħ֣ܶ
а¹Ӵ֣ܶ
ذε֣ܶ
ৣ
ֵ˳ԣһڡ
Űͬ׵ʵ˳ԣܡ
һһıԽеúܿ죬һյʱһԾ
ڵһݵ콾ûκĴܶ֡
ҲԽԽ١
ʵΣҪ֣ܶҲףҪɱԷˣͬĵÿһеƣܶԷʵûУȴǴڡ
ΧսҲԽԽࡣ
սҲ쳣𱬡
УԶʮ콾ʵҲ˽˴ţϾЩ˵ڶûóԼĵƳ
ʱķɿ죡
ֻʮ˵Сǵһ飬ҲһС飬Ϊһݵࡣ
СҲˡ
սԽԽңÿһ˶ƾ
أ
ذεһǿħ壬ڡ
䵶
Իʼʩչ䵶֣ܶԼҲˣܸһʮ콾֮еĶϹ¾ҲҲΪˣûжذεնɱ䣬ͨڡ
а¹Ӳħţ֣ܶСлһ
飡
ֻʣ²ʮˡ
ǻꡢ˶Ⱥ
һֻʣ


1079 
ԽǵҲԽǼңΪ˺棬㲻ֹҪһԾ
ˣ
ÿһҪԣ֡
ͷء
ڣֻʣһˡ
ԡһħ꣬һ˾ȻǻУ
ʩˡдüĿЦǺǵ˵
ʦ񡣡Ц
ǺǡкЦ룡
ʦ롣Ե
µģ㡣һħ
ৣ
һ˲䣬Ժͻж˵Ŀ䵽ħϣ߶ʱһɫѿһһ

󣬳һۣ䵽˸̨ϡ
һս˲˵Ŀ⣬Ϊ֮ΨһһУȻҪԭħУУжʮϡٵģ½˵ȴûһС
ŵҲˣеʮϡ١
ٶڳ˵ΨһһУ֮ôעԷΪļУħ񳽻һٹɵģҲЩħ֮¡
ȴǳɹˣйء
ʻʦԴ죿ԺȻʵ
Ŷʩ֪ƶɮĳЩ˵
żȻŴǷ̱Դ֮أԲдһʡ˵
ԭˡ΢΢ͷ˵ƶɮȷʵԴ졣˵ţ̧ͷ򳽻ԣ˵ƶɮʩҷԵԿɵ졣
л˵
롣˵
ৣ
ҲƽС
죿˵з̵ľ
Ҳ֪ȫǺУӡ
û뵽оȻԴ죬ҲȤ
ҸгԵȤ֮ǰʮ֮Уû˰ɣǸذεҲǡ
һ˵Ҳо֣
һǿˣô壿˵ʮˣôȫ
Ҳ԰ǿˡɻ˵ͷ˵
̨ϣգϢͬһޱ޼ʣһĻصؽ̲סĤݡ

Ƚ齣նڻͷϿնʱһƬһֻⱬ䣬ϼ㣬ȥֻڻһʮɸߵķӰ齣Ҳնڷϣ޷նֺ
ʦȻ˽ЩԾ
ʩȷʵҷ˽Ķ࣬Ҳ֪Це˵
ֻǲ֪ʦС޽Ǵ޽ʵ
С޽Цһص
ʦδϣδ޷޽˵
ʩҲ֪˵
˽һ˵
ǳʩ֪ӡ΢΢һЦ˫ֺʮһϣķϥأɣأ̧һƴһӡӡӡѹ£ֱƳš
޽ƣôܣԾ
ʩˣС޽ơкЦ˵ѵʩ֪Ψ޽ʩչ޽𣿡
ôԷʵ
ȣһΣûлشһ˫Ͼһ˿ŭɫͺһ˫Ƴ죬󷽷һ޶򳽻ԣʱһƬ籩մ󡢹һĸоȴ̺һ˿ɱ⡣
ʦ֪٣Ц⣬齣ȴӭȥн£бԴн£ȷ׽¡ռ佣µҪһ죬ٷⱻѿ˫ƽС
飬ϲŭ塢ɫòϸɫһǻԲ˵
䣺ɱ͵аƣʦ˵һ䰡˵
ʩˡ˵
Ҳɡ˵
һһʽıȶ£ͬʱڳҲ֮Уҳ˹ڴϢ
飡
һ촫Խбˡ
ʩҪս𣿡ʵ
̰Ҳʦα񣿡˵
ʩ֪е¾֮𣿡Цɫǿգռɫʶǲ
ȻˣҲˡɫһû뵽Ƥ֮񣬵Цеӣ˵˻ͺһ㡣
ʣ
𣬴˷ʯһ㡣
ৣ
һӳԽϷɳնС
飡ҲûпȣֳƣնųԴ˳ȥʥࡢϢɢͷ·һһ㣬ڰаɱ¾ָĹƽ
أ
һ죬ѡ

кЦ򳽻š
ལ£гɲ౾Դ齣Уâ¶ɫԣޱϲһжڣԻһƣԸо౾ԴڸϣȻͨģͷѵԭǷͨɣ
ǡĴɮˣһжϤԿıԴо˲ȱ֮¶˾ȣ򳽻ԣ˵վˡ
ʦ˻⣿ʵ
ԺԻס˵
ۣ
һ죬ལ˻дӡնͬɽ¡

ˣ˶һ
˺оȻ
Ƕ͹ˣĽǷ켫²һ١
ǼͲֵܹͨģĺҲ
ǷͨС޽ʹ޽ƣؾҲˣкϵ
ͨ͸а죬С
дȱնҿǲࡣ


1080 ʥ
˶ۿڳԵʵͬʱҲ̾УϾǷţǴ죬綼гǰ
ԣһ֪ʲôһ罣Ŀ罣ɨԣĵ
ʮ֮еĽţһ
ȻҲע⵽˿ȻûǸȥעΪѾʩչϷͨ
ˣ
һֹâۣ貶Ŀͬһ޴Ľɫ֣ߣҫķɢ
ȴƣ̬ׯ϶£ޱϲ·ûκܹӰ쵽ϣܹܵĪĴȱ٣羴֮⣬˫ӡʱγһӡմ򳽻ԡ
ӡԶԶȥȴǸ˸һĸоׯ£
һжȻ
з·ɱ¾ԣڽѵһ
ɱУҲ̺ɱ
أ
һ죬ལ±ֿ·Ѿݣɣ⡣ǽӡЯϣ
¡¡
ɿռ䱬죬ƹǧڣХѹҰƽԭһ㣬һĸܣǷͨȴƣ̺ʹ̺˾񹥻Ī⡣
֮ܣ
ԲŸոմ֮ܣͱӡУȻһ㣬𣬵ɳȥ
ʲôƷ
ͨķͨв򵥰
ϻܹгԵĴǼ򵥵𣿡
ԭѾڳԵʵû뵽ЩԾ
ɶѵûл𣿡Ϊɥľһħˣδ뵽ԺͻлôԼǶְ
ͬʱ̨ҽбԣѾ
һԾʮ೤ȵ̨Ѿʮѡδ
㣬̨Ϊ˵Ĺע
ԣһҪӮذε
ԡħͿҲڹעԡ
һˣĽ£ųԣĿе齣ӹпԿ϶֮δ֪ĹϵԭҲֻΪһɺϣǧ治УֵͬŲ֡
رע⵽齣ʱ򣬾͸ɻ󲻽ˣֿһҲԽ齣Ϊ彣볽е齣񣬳ƷʣһģһǸĸоҲͬ
˽⳽ԣ˽֮Ĺϵ
ԣҲϣʧܡ
ȿȿȡסΣһԣһѪĨȥУ˵ʦĴȴƹȻ
ʩ𣿡ʵ
ޣӭѶϡԵĵ
ôе
ৣ
̬˵Լľ齣ˮƽԶԶȥͷ·һС
ռ䣡
н֮УԱһֱߣ۲ռ䱾Դã齣ϣһնһɿռ䲨ݶȶĻȾͬīˮν֮һѸǳ
¡
̨ϿյĿռһһɷԲĿռγɣȫǻУХѣ˻
Ȼˡ΢΢ףƺʮޱȣͬ鶥Ĥһ㣬ʱͬһ̫ų޹ϾĹâһ˫ͫ׷·𷺳ʥ·ԿһС
ˣ
ǰĿռ俪ʼĶ졣
ʥ
ͻȻһֻ֮վĿ⾼ĶŻУһʧģ
ʲôʥ
찡ʮ֮ͨʮλĴʥ
ԭʥǷͨѹûۼ
ڴĵλܸ߰
˴󾪣վĿˢˢ䵽ϣʮ콾ǰߵĿУ˸ء
֪ԸͨһΪ׿Խʮͨʮɷͨ
һ˴ͨһֶ㣬˽죬Ѿû֪ʲôгˣû˻һ˴ͨʮͨһ֣Ī⣬޷ȵġ
οʥʮλ

ʥһؽԾɫ䣬رãռֽͬһ㣬˺ѣһ㣬򳽻ԣ֮ǿ䣬Ⱥʧɫﶼ·ʧȥӦеĹԡ
ռ䣡
ʯ֮䣬۾Ԫһ壬ռ䣬ԥʩչɱ¾
ۣ
һ죬ѪĻ죬֣ϯȥаȣӯ츲ǡ
أ
ֻʥԵǳԴ֮ƾٽռ䣬Ѫ콣
ءһ
һҲ޷ֵ
Ԫ
ˣֻʩչ˾񹥻־ԪۣĺΪһֱӹеľ硣
־Ϊ־Ϊ
ˣ
ඥһ㣬ٿȻ˫ۣһĨ貵Ĺâӹ¶ЦЦ飬˵Ȥ

һ˲䣬ʥʧ
λñ䣡֮䣬ʩչ˾أ鹹һʥĻ֣һСɳֳУޱ߼ʵɳĮ֮п촽ѣ٣ѾҪˡ
ããɳĮޱ޼ʣڳһһɮһˮ
Сɳּˣɮˮȡ
ɮſڣͷֻаأһưͣСɳҡͷ
ңңҰСɳִ漴˫Ŀ죬ɮˮ
ɮҡͷ
Сɳɮˮ
Ȼˮǿյģûˮ
ԭɮҡͷ˵ûˮǲԸ


1081 Х칫
Сɳִ콵Ѫꡣ
һн٣ʩͷǰȻСɳȴֹͣ˴Ѫֹ̧ͣͷ죬Ц˵
ˣ
ʧ
ʲôԴ󾪣ˣסΣֳŻֶħ˵ʦ㷸ˣ
ǡۡбׯϣڵأ΢΢Ц̸оһͷʱвϺʥʥȻȴã۵һһѪҵɳȥ
ʦҶ˵δδ˵
ͷۣдһС޽ǣߴͷͨķ֮ͨһӡӡÿһֻնű򵶡򽣡򸫡ǹꪡ򴸡
䣡䣡䣡䣡
б򳽻ԣͷͨʩչͨչ֡
ʦαؿأһƽĵ
أ
жʱ̨ͣ𶯣˫۾ųԣ⣬̾ɢصһֻ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
ԭľѾ⵽ʴʩչͷͨҲֻڿ֧Ŷѣ񱻳ԵƣҲҲ޷ѹƾˡ
Ӧʩչͷͨ˵
һжѾעӿʼѾע˽֡ж϶ĵ
ɡԵ
лм˫ֺʮ˳ȥ

һĻò˶˿
ˣ
ͨǷͨͷۣϧ⳽ԡ
ǰ⳽ԲСﰡ
˷׷׸̾
롣Կħ꣬˵
ǣ˿ħ꣬ɫͨ죬˵ң䡣

ħĳ裡
㾹Ȼս԰ܣħ塣
ħʱŭŭħ꣬һ£뿪ͨ
ˣ
һ졣
ˣÿǰʮѾˣҲõõӦõõˡͨ˵
ৣৣৣ
һֻ̣һһ׻ʼѧɵԵһǰͬʱͨ˵ǲˣѧġ
Ȼˡ
һѧȻѧ
ֹն
ǳԵõѧȻǿռԡ
ˣһϲռѧϡ٣˵ޱǷ񣬻飬ûпռѧľȻ㣬ľ磬ȷʵҪһ׿ռԽ档
ɣֹնõѡ
ܣҲòλͨˣΪǵѧÿһ϶΢ЦȻ˵ʵѧ
ˣڿʼһֵı԰ɡͨ˵һξǰʮͼ򵥶ˣֻһԾͿˣȻֿԵõӦĽôǲǺܿİ
һ⻰˶Цˡ
ǰʮĽƷһʼ
Դˣ˶С
ڳһˣÿһ˶лʼ룬ҲǹǷŵ˵ͬȼ£һļֵǹǸߵȼֵʮĲࡣ
οǻʼ
ڳ磬ʼǺϡٵģһϣڳԵļУҹ½ûлʼ
ԣ˵У
һ㣬˵ͨ˵ĻĿȡ
һˣͿԵõʼ
ÿһ˶ԼЩһĶ֣²ܣҲҪʮ콾
˼Ҳڡ
ʼҲҪ
٣һ㱣ϣ
ˣ
һ֮ͨ˵ڱԿʼ
¡¡
˾ȵĿУʮ̨ںΪһɷԲ֮ޣɸ̨֣һʯΣ飬㹻á
ʮߡʮһ
ܿ죬ڸ̨Ͽճš
󣬾ͼӰɳ˸̨ϡ
˶ΪʵǷս𱬡
ʮˣһӱǰһÿһ˶ţ磬δ֮лвڽΪһףԣΪ֮кܶ඼֮ӡ
ܶδѾע
ͬԣ黹δʼȴѾעˡ
̨£Ŀ̨ϵս
ϲ㡣Ľ˹һ
ллԵ
Ľݹذεһۣ˵
šĽµͷ˳ߡ
һħһ𣺡ɭû°ɣ
û¡ħ˵
Ǿͺã벻㾹Ȼߵһ˵
šħͷ
˳ħһۣܸоˣˣȴ˵˵һҪ֣ܶǰʮǿǻʼҸ״˶ûС
һġħ˵
ͳħӪûӪ
ӦħԱһЦħ֮ʵ̫𣬴ͬҲһ㲻ͬڸϣڸ飬ħ飬û˵ĸڣǱӰ죬¾һˡ
ȴѵ״̬
ݱĽš
ʮ콾ԼӵгƺŵŶʮǿѹǬͨ񣬸ָͨʵͷףעĿ
оħ޼乫Ϊ
ৣ
ʱ򣬳ħ̨ˡ
һ֮УԳ볽ħΪͣڣʵȴ쳣ǿ󣬶ҳħΪڶȻ˲˵Ĺע֮ͨš֮
Ķһħ壬Х칫ӡ
һŹʵţʵʵǿ
Х칫һ£һͷ촽Ա˫΢УһУ·һˣһͷǣ˶ɵǡ


1082 ϻ̫
ʮֿ£
ɭɣХ칫ͷ·һ̳һ㡣
ৣ
ħ޸飬ħӿһ˽ӹһˣһͷڷ޷Զ죬һҷһĺڹ⡣
ɭ壬˵һû壬ǴӰҹ½еõġ
٣ѣХ칫ӿǻ壬߹󣬾ɱҲʲôɭɱˣеÿˡ
̵ְҪĶֻ壬һХ졣
һûбûиǷ£
ЩѪħ˵Ҫ֪ħʵ̫ˣʵΪõ˼
أ
˲䣬Х칫絶һУһ죬ֹס˳ħǰͷ
ٺ٣ҲˡХ칫ӺٺһЦ˵ɭһᣬӣĺô
ûȤħ˵
ҾʹȤΪֹХ칫ӵ
ৣ
ĹŶֻХ칫Ӿͬһ¹ϯٶ֮졣
ԣХ칫Ӻǿذε˵
šԱͷ
ܹʤХ칫𣿡ذεĽһۣ˵
֪˵ħʵҲֻһ˽ѡ
鷳ذε˵
ɭħȷʵǿ֮У˳ҡĽ˵
Х칫Ӧ֮˵
ҲоˣĽ
һʦԵ
ԭˡĽ³һ
أ
̨ϣħХ칫Ӱʱײһ𣬴ڶӿ֣ԶĿ߲ͷס

ȻХ칫ɳȥֱչͬһֻһ㣬Ĺԣγһ˫ɫ潻֮֯򣬸ӵ̻γһĳȶ֮䣬Х칫ٶȴ򳽻ħЦ˵
ɭʩչ֮ɣ֮ٶȿ죬ҵ֮⻪졣

ħ˫Ŀųڹ⣬ֱȻſ۳֮ͼģɭֲɿ֮ӭХ칫ӡ
һĻ˶עš

һɲǹ򣬶˵Ӱͽһ𣬶ʱ¹Խ֯ž·˺һ㡣
飡
һ󣬶˷ֿ
Х칫ɫЩ
ৣ
ڴʱɭٴζˣһ˲Ϣ
һ̣һ죬ͼХ칫ӵ˳ȥħ˵ҵ֮졣
ʲô
һĻ˶һ
սҵļ𣿡Х칫
ϻ̫ˡħ
ɶļһұԼݣֻһûѣȴǻѪҵǰ㻹ţֱ޿ˡҾҪ֪𱰡Х칫ӶŭˣҲɭȻ
ħ
ˣ
һɿ񱩵ϴռһ𣬳ħħѹǿաѹѹХ칫ӡ
ҹХ칫Ӹܵ˵ƣ׶ŭ˫һӿγһƬ̺һ𣬾ͬһ㣬֮¹ҫơ
֮
أ
СħҪ֪½ϹʱڵӵмǿѹѹһУħпãοħԴѾԲʩչ͸ˡ
һ죬֮ӿ˲䱻ħѹ
ʲôХ칫Ӿ
ˣ
ħû˵飬ͺľʣ־ͽħ˳ȥأһ춯صľХ칫ٴαˡ
ʲôȻ֮ǿ
кǿѹ
ʯӾѾܹˣһʷ
ХǳԵͷˡ
ֶεġ
˽Х칫ӵħ׷ۣҲԾħ
΢΢ףܹоħħзӵԼϸ󣬿ħħһ⡣
񻰣ƣХ칫ӿŭڷ裬񷢺ݣƾŭɵֵƴһƴһǳţǳ½֯ãʡ
䣡
һ֮һɺƴ¹Դײħ
ʱħɳȥ
̾ͱħУһףħͷϿգԲԴȥħϿγһ޴ĺڰ֮š
֮ţ
֨
һ죬֮Ŵ򿪣ʱһ֣֮ǰӿĲͬǾͷ·Ǿһ㣬γǿսÿһڣǧϰ٣ɫ䡣
һ
ֻħºɫԣˮһϣʱÿһƿǣη彫ȥɣ·ľӡ
ʲôˣȳԾǳԱû뵽ħȻ̺˺ڰ
µĺɫǺڰ
ֻħô֪ģ
ħ껹궼𺧣ٻҲͰˣھȻܹӳս⣬δ̫˰ɣ
Х칫ӵĿ⣬һ˿ͬ顣
Ҫ־͹Ķ̫̬˰ɣ
ôХ칫ɫǰδеѿӲԾˡ
ɣħ˵
롣Х칫Ӻԥľܾһһ䣬Ρ
ǲΣħһӣ˵ţ
ˣˣˣˣˣ
һ£ֻﶼ乭ļʸХ
ػ


1083 ǰʮ
Х칫Ӵһ¹γɾ޴ػⲨʸ˲¹־ͳѷ죬Х칫Ӵ𣬡
꣡꣡꣡
ǾĿУ¹飬صһǰһѪɳȥȴδħ˵ӵһѪ֮⣬һǴ
㡭ۡХ칫ŭޣճڣһѪ
ৣ
ħ̨ޱڿԡ
ϲ㡣ĵ
šħͷ
˿̫ϵХ칫ӣһ㶡
֮δ̫˰ɣ޾ٻֱǾӰ
Ⱦӵӣ˭ܹ棿
֮ȷʵԶԸΨһķʩչ֮ͨǰ
ԣõİ취
һսҲ˸Ӽɵħ
ˣһϲħǰʮҲвٵĺô
ذεҲǸˡ
ħ塣Ľ¼̲ס˵
һܺõĶ֡ذε
šĽĬȻ
̨ϣһӺһħꡣ
ӵʤա
һˣʮԣѾʮ
ڳ˳Եıš
֣ˡذεСģ
һȡʤġĽµ
ϣЦ
ৣ
һ䵽˸̨ϡ
ǳԣ
̾ϳ
С㣬Ȼ˹צħһħЦ
ˡ
צħצǵǷ켫Сӵֵ𣿡
·ħѾۿ
ڳԶ棬վһѪ۵ħ꣬еģƤʮְ𪣬κѪɫ·һһ㣬һ˫ɫͫ׿ʮ죬ɢһаĹâͷ촽˵
СӣҹצħңҪһһ˺㳢ζ
ৣ
֣޲צħע˺ܾˣҲڵڶݵħţԾĶ֣һڣħ壬壬ˣֶѪȣп᲻̡
֮ͽҲûʲôġ
治
ȳʩչ˻治Ȼ۾Ԫ齣ն£ռ䣬¡һѹצħ
ʱצħٶȴɫһ䡣
ལ£
û˿ԥʩչ˲ལ£նǳ࣬ǿղ࣬ﲻ࣬һжࡣ
أ
һ˹צħϣһ˳ȥ̼ˡ
ɶ񡣡צħû뵽һ־ͳһпŭһ˫ֳצѪɫԣһԾ޴ݺݵץ򳽻ԡ
ˣԲи
һνԼռϷ磬ȴһʩչɱеԵʣȷû˵ԷֺѾ˵˹צħʵ
С
ৣৣৣৣৣৣ
̧һֻѪɫץۺХ֮ͬһ㣬ǰɿռڷץ£һѣͷƤ顣
ٺ١צħЦ
֮ܣ
һǰ۳һɫܣһ֮·ԵֵһС
䣡
ᣬǿƽն׻ȸ䣬ӿĺΪһצħصһɳȥ
ৡһ
ֻûиᣬٴʩչնһͨǿ巽Уͬһ޴צħ·ɫԼ̻á
ɶ˺ѣƿצħŭ
ԺòײռϷ磬ᣬԥʩչλñ䡣
ˣ
צħ֮УһĿĻһħǿһŮһӤӤ󣬾ԺĹצħ
ˣڶħ궼һ㶡
⣬Źצħѵģ
ӵľ̫ˣצħˣҵǺĳˡ
Ĺצħ
һ̣Թצħĳۿ
ۣʵһĻǹצħһֱܵģû뵽ǰͬ˺һֳ˳ªһĻʱȣһѪɳȥ
ɶҪɱ㡣צħ
ֹն
ռ䱾Դӿޱ飬ʩչһ׿ռԽͬһְ׹Ŷ䣬צħûۣʱֻһѪһѪⱻ׷ɣ˺ѷεĲҽͣ
֮ѪֹͣѪʧ׹ȥ̨ϣԭצħվλֻһ̯Ѫˮ
ˣ˶ħꡣ
ò̵ֶΡ
һצħ
צħ¶ˡ
һ˲䣬˿򳽻Ե񣬶˼ɵ֮ɫ
ԴˣҲ⣬¸̨صλϡ
ذεĽһۣһĬ
񫡣ذε˳һۣ˵Ҳû뵽Լɱ˵ķȥ
๼ֶȴʵһЩĽ˵
Ҳɡ˵
Լ
ʮֱԲʱͽˡ
ǰʮˡ
ռݵıó֣ԭ֮ǰħӵйӼʵ˾ڶǰʮˣħ徹Ȼֻˣħռݶʮˣʮˡ
ݺܶ˶ˣ˵Ŀⶼڳħϡ
ˣ΢΢ˣԼħԾˣԼӼڣħܵĴǿҲħţҲвٹӼ콾
Ҳûж룬ϾԼһԱҲΪԼ
ˣ
һ촫ͨ˵ˣǰʮˣϲˡ
һ̣ͼʮŷ򳽻Եˡ
Ʒһʼף


1084 ս
ʣһ˶ʮ⣬Ժħ⡣
ÿһ˶ֱӴ˷ס
Ҳûס
ʮһۣսŨֻÿһ˶֪һֵܶĻʾ͸ˡ
Ŵ̼
һСʱ֮󣬿ʼһֱԡͨ˵
˿ʼϢϤʼס
ʼף
ܶۺıﰡ
ȥɡһߣħʼ׵ݸ˿
ңԾ
ԼķʽЧͻʼײ࣬òħ˵
ǡ˵ʲôħ˵ȵԽԺµսǾʦڷ㣬ʼ׸ܹӳá
ллħһ飬ÿһ죬ͻͻͣǻʼףܶıﰡȴԼÿжòˡ
ħ˵ȴʵǾʦó񹥻ʹʼ׵ĻҲûˡ
ģǻãúʹɡħ
šͷӹ˻ʼס
֣⡭ذεպÿһĻ΢΢ȵĿųԡ
һˡ˵
ǰĽҲһĻͷ
׳գ
ɭһɵȻʼ׸һŮˣ޲ɼ
̫ˣѵΪԼķȻʼ׸ǿ𣿡
һҪúõĽѵ
һĻħУǼޱȣǿǻʼװԼζҪõȻȴһ壬ֱ˷ѡ

ˣжԳħԹ޵˶һЦʵǿɴ˻ʼףһڣΪԼ޵вɣ
ֱǳĶ
һҲмԳħЦ
΢΢üҲû˵ʲô
һʱܿ͹ȥˡ
ڳԵ˵ȴѾ㹻ˣһʱʱѾջʼס
ŵ˵ӵ˻ʼ׵ˣʵһ̨ףӵкǿʹѴܶ֡
ˣ
һֵıһпʼ
ʮˣʮ峡ԡ
һԾħĺӺһꡣ
ħʮ콾֮һԡԡڰͨ£Ī⣬ʽ죬Դ⣬ӵ˻ʼףȻΪµһʦ
ħʮ콾Ҫԭ
ԴˣԶɵ
ʮ콾˭ּˣ
оһӵйƺŵ꣬һֱδʼ϶ʮѡˡ
ӵһʤ
һһֵıԿʼ
УԶ˽Щ콾͸ͨϾʮ˶ǼǿĴħʮ֮Уʮˣ콾ҪҲҪʹһЩơ
ңǶӵ˻ʼף˵Ƕӵ콾ʵ
һ㣬ԶҴ⡣
սĽš
ÿһԶʮֵľʣͨϣ侫տѧչֳ

ʣ֮еٮٮߣëǰĴڣʵǿԱȣԼмʤ㣬ɶһǳµĽ
˵һһ˵ͷô޼乫Ӿħһľ䡣
չֳֶμ£ǶӵлʼףӼʵĶ֣ҲսʤҲԽɲĸо
һĻóҲԽء
ûĻʮ콾ֻҪϣͿԽǰʮһֻʣˣԺħӵУͦǰʮĿꡣ
ֵ߳ħ
ɭ
ʲôħ
Сġ
šħͷΰεض糤һ˸̨ϡ
ͬһʱ䣬һ˶档
ս
ӵйӼʵ
һĻóһ㶣Ͽգ΢΢ʲôıűԣȴͨⰲŵģħ壬һ߳ԣͬϣҲһƽ⡣
ս
ڷսսȼգҰղ紵㲻
ɭ벻ҵĶ㣬ܺãսɣսһ쳤ۣһͷŨܵĺڷ裬̼ɫƤȼգһִֿ֮ͬգ̺һҲԺͻԡ
һվ͸˸оһŻȼգڴ

紵򶫣ʱֻһ޴ķд򳽻ħ
أ
ħޱ飬֮紵䡢ɭȻ飬ħִۣ޾ȫ粼һ飬ৣֱ֮ͬƽս
ĺãսһսȼգ񱩡Ϣɢͬһͷţһ㣬Ʋɵγɾ޴ƥ̩ɽѹ֮ѹȥ
ʨ죡
һֻһͷ޴Ļʨ޾򳽻ħ
顱һ
ħʮ֮޵Ļʨˡ
𣡡ս𣬺ڷɻɫ·ȼһ㣬սȼգȣڷڣƽһƮ֮ϯȥһһأžŰʮһƣžŰʮһأ
һرһǿ
ɭһѧƮ죬һʮһأֵܵ𣿡ս
أ
أ
أ
һһأͬ¥һ㣬Ͽѹ¡
ֻأãһж١ħħѹµİʮһ쾢һҡֱϡ
ৣ
ǾȵĿУһںڷ˳ħϣ¶ϣ˳·Ϸи


1085 սʥ齣
˵ո˵
֮£ûܹΪ㵽

أ
һһص쾢ѡ
¡
̨ϵһ𣬷·һ㣬쾢
ѹͬʱħħ
쫷¥
ˣս˫ۻܣȼգһϿգħС
𣡡
ħϬ絶罣â籦ʯ貣˲ұӣƷһɻ𲨶ɢĻΰǳ¥Ҳ
ء
һ춯صĴը硢¥Ϊģ˷ϯ
ৣ
һڹɳħʩչ֮
һ죬ͼսײײ
ʲô
ˣ˶һ
սǱ˺˴룬ǻѪۡ
ৣ
ħû֣߶֮羪һһӶȥ
ɱ
սһȵĽâһӿһɺءΰ󡢹ϢɢԶԶȥͬһΡɽѹ£˷ճħ·зɱ

֮ţ
ǵͨں֮䱻ħʩչʱֻ֮޾жռһ𣬽ս󹥻ʱǧʸȳһ㡣

һ֮һսɱƣһѪ߷ݰ㵹ɳȥ

ħҲ֣˳ȥ
ɱ
ħ
ԣɱ
һ˲䣬ϰħ𣬷սȻˣȴţδؽΪܣѿ֮ɱǾΪħ鷳ҽԷŶɱѿ֮Уһֱ嶼ڰнеġ
ৣ
սɫҰ׵Ŀųħ
Ȼħֻǿ˷սһۣ˸̨
ʲô
ħʱһɭΪʲôɱ
ɱɱ˭ֲָֻšħޱ
ɶ񣡡
ǣ
Ӧøһѵ
һ⻰ʮħ궼ˣû˶Գħ֡
ৣ
һֱԿʼа¹ӶԾӡ
˶ţӵйӼʵ
䣡
һɲǣ˾սһ
һߣʵɭǡ
û£Сѡħĵ
ʵ岢ûжìܣαشɱɱأ˵
Ҳɡħ˵ﶼйɣħҲĹɣҲһƽķ
ôͷһ˵Щ档
ħǺһЦ
ɶ񣡡
һĻħ꿴ͷŭ
޼乫ӿųħ΢΢ü
ǡÿһĻоâһ΢΢ʡ
ô˳ԣĽʵ
û¡Ե
ɭħһĽ˵ʮϰ嶼вزۡ
ҲɡԵ
Ҫֵ˰ɳ֣ذεʵ
šԵͷĿ⿴̫ϵа¹ӡ
ǿ֪ܹ࣬ذε
Ϳ˭ĵƶˡԵ
šذεͷڷͬ£Ҳֻпʵˡ
ӲţڶݵĴڣʵǿ󣬶ñȳԻҪۿа¹ӵıԣԳвСĺô
ֻЩźջǰܸа¹ӡ
ٺ١¸̨ʱ̣а¹ӿ˳һۣһ΢Ц
֪а¹֮仹вɱһս
ԹСʥӺħķϴܶ֡
˿̣ʮ峡ԣѾʮһ
ڵʮֵ˳ԡ
ʥ̫ӣ
ԵĶֲħеˣ߾ӣʥ̫ӡ
һĳƺţʥ齣ڣ
ΪΪħǧ츳ĽޣƱҪΪʵĴڡ
ڳ磬гƺţڡʡۡ
ƺţӦ󾳽磡
ÿһƺŶޱȵ𾴣ǿĽޣƺſɲܹͨӵеģǿĽһҪལͬ㽫޵սͬ½һһ޳ƺŵʱ򣬾޵е˵ս
һ㣬ڳҲһ
ʥ̫ӱΪʥ齣ڣҲζħһ֮Уǿߡ
ȤҷڶֶԶԷһ֣֪ǿСʥӺЦ˵
ԭڳչֳ֮߳Ѿ˽Ϊһڶ֡
һȻһ
ϣܹȡʤɡһΪһ׿ԽĽţʮֵĹ°ųԣһָ㽭ɽζ֮УҲвм֮⣬Ҫ֪һһ쿪ʼͱΪˡ
˽գǳΪĿõ꽣һˣһԣȻЩζ
Ǻǣֳذ֪ôԴӵĽЦ
пһսһ
𣿡Ц
ͻ֪˭ǿһ
Ҳɡ
ߡһһ
ʥ飬ħһ
һ֪ʲôĽʥ̫ӺЦųԣƽ˵
ϣ㲻ʧԵ˽գĽѾﵽһľأҲȷʵҪһǿĽĥԼĽˣɣһʥ̫õѡ
һڵġʥ̫ӵ
ʣʣʣʣʣʣ
ͬһʱ䣬Ժʥ̫жһǷһĽ䣬ǳۼ
ԶԶȥͷ·֮佻֯һ㡣


1086 ĶԾ
ˣ
ˣ
˶ӣֺĿײһ𣬾ͬ޽̻һѤãǿĽӸɢ˳ĽϢڱ˴˵ϣʥ̫Ӷܹоһ㡣
ǡ
²ĿУ콣ԳԺʥ̫Ӷϱͬգңңԣۣһ˲䣬ռ飬Թײһ
ǿĽϢ
ʥ̫ӣԽԽ߳ˡ
⳽Ҳǲ֪ܷסʥ̫Ӽ
ҿֹɡ
һЩ
ս
̨ϣ˶սŨŨ
ڳԣʥ̫Ӹ䣬ӳԣ飬бȻûĪ⣬죬·һ㣬Ľմʹޡ
¶Խ£
ڶͬ£Ψƴˡ
һϣȴǴ۾ռƣѹʥ̫ӡ
˶һһ΢΢⡣
ֻгԲ֪ԼΪ˲ԵʣϣռݾԵƣΨлܹ⡣
飡
һ죬ʥ̫ӵ˳ȥɫѿȴ˵ǽ𣿡
ʥ̫Ӵһߣ򳽻ԡ
ৣৣৣৣ
ʱֻͬƥһ򳽻ԣ׺ݱ塣
ʥ̫Ȼ
˭ħһĽһˣھ˫˭ܹ棿̫ſռԺڽ棬Ψһ־һû뵽ھȻðһֱջ
ֱ
븶ۣ

ڽƴʥ̫ûռơ
ֹն
û˿ԥԵĽҲԽ飬һһ죬гɿռ䱾Դ߶̾ռƣοʼֹնǴͨ˫ȻʱһЩڳԵųĹâ
ϣ
һ貽ⱬֻʥ̫Ӷ˵η˿
ˣ˶Ĺۿ
ʣһ۷彣Ծһжһ˿ȣȻԵĽԤϡ
ӮɣĽµ
ģͬһδܹذε
šȻذεĻ˵ĺܿţδܹĽûȴһ㣬ͷ
ܹע򳽻ħʵ
šħͷΪȻı𣬲Ҳűʵ
ܺáʥ鹫ӰӸֳһŭţޱȣĿһ㣬罣һ·и˿ռ䡣
Բ
ʥ鹫Ӹŭˡ
ˣ
һɺƴĽɢ
ߣɱʥ鹫ĿƵĶųԣԣһεĽΪģڳԷȥϵƾͬɽһ㣬ԽԽǿһȻ̤һ
ৣ
ʱһʮɽԽն
飡
ڶ
飡

ʥ鹫߲ɱ볽ײ֮ͬÿ̤һϵĽһȴȳԵײǿΪ̤ڶǳʼڶı
Ĳ˱
岽ʮ
ʮ
أ
£ʥ̫Ӿ볽ҲԽԽͬΡ׳ɽѹ£ʮе
أ
̩ɽѹԱѹסڱ죬Ťʩչ治лʼ׻壬Ѿѹſˡ
ˣҲһѪ
죡
أ
ͻˣʥ̫ӵĽѹ֮£ԵͻƵס
ҵ£ʥ̫һҽҪµ߲ҲһһһĽʮ
ৣ
һĻ۾ûգһ£·´һĻ
̧ͣͷʥ̫ӡ
ϡһ
齣̨棬˲䱬ܼһĽ籩һϯں˿ռڻɽ
ֵˡʥ̫Ӵһһҽأռ𶯣һϽԳΪģݺݶԺ˳ȥ
ǣ
ϵһ뿪ֻʼףļѿһɽ޷ѪѪͺսʵļһ㡣
ôܣʥ̫ĿɿڴĿųԣš
˻
Ҳһ
ʮĽȻԵֵסˣ
Ƕ
⻹
ۣڣһѪ˳ȥ
áʥ̫Ӷʱкã˷ǳ
ֻһ˲ͲЦˣΪѾ
㻹𣿡ʥ̫ɫ
ΪʲôҪ䣿˵
ſ£ſ¡ʥ̫ӷˣŭ죬Ŀⷢݣ򳽻ԣЯʮͬһɽѹ򳽻һ
ৣ
վͬһ޽һһ֮վĸоֺԭ͸վһ
޻ڵһն£
ˣ
䣬أ첻ڶ
ٴεֵסˡ
ǴĽ
һ¶֮ɫҲˡ
־
־
ڳԵϣǸܵһǰδеĽ־ɶҡ
ԣǾͺ񿴼Լ֮ʱʱԼγǼᶨ֮·
䣡
ʥ̫ӱ򳽻ԡ
վ
ৣৣৣৣ
վվʥ̫ǰ齣һʵ޻Ľûκεķ֮Уͷ·ǽӦеϢìޱȣ̺ȴǳκһ˵


1087 һ
ۣۣۣۣ
Щûվʥ̫ӵϣ䵽˫ϣѿܲѪѪһƬ
ôܣġʥ̫
һеĳ򳽻ԡ
ৣ
һԳն¡
أ
ʥ̫ػһ㣬ɳȥлʼ׻壬ҲѾˣˣҲѪڣһѪڸ̨ϣһţʣ˻ŭ
Ѿ֮Уʧȥˡ
ˣ˶򳽻ԣмɵ֮ŨΪ֪Բʥ̫ӣ
ߣοʥ̫Ľߣ
еĽѾţҲǷһˡ
𣡺𣡺𣡡ʥ̫ӷ޺ޱȣɥʬǣ˫ĿѪ죬ѪԣҪɱ㣡
˵֮䣬˸ĽɼͷƤ飬һ׸߳ʩչȫһɱһǧĴ򷨣·̺ȴ˵
ͽһɣе齣˵
ৣ
齣ӳž޲죬Ϣ
ۣ
Ȼʥ̫ӵͷ­ȴͻȻѪעһӿͷʬ鴤£ŵڳǰ

ܿʬɢˡ
޾һƬƽ
˲ŷӦ
һ̣ʮ콾ﶼСƳˣҪ֪ʥ̫ӿ콾ĴڰĽţ˳Խ¡
һΣЦ
ҵĶ֣һָߵ͡һȫգϢƴ󣬶ų˵
ǺǣҲڴееĽųЦ
ৣ
¸̨صλϡ
ԣղһذεɲڳ˽ⲻˣҲû뵽˫Ľ
һԵ
һĽ¿ųԣ⡣
ħһÿһ˶˳һۣʮ콾ﶼԳɱ
а¹ӿ˳һۣƽǹһ˿Ц⣬˵ԽԽȤˡ
ǿһŵ
šħͷ
ϣ㲻Ҫ˵
ħĬȻ
ϣҲӮġĬ˵
ǺǡħǺһЦ
һսʤˣɱħһһˣҲΪħɱĶ֮һ
Խսȥǰʮ
壬ʮˣ
ֱǣӡСʥӡǻꡢѺ͡Ϲ¾ˡ׿һսԡ
ħ壬ʮˣ
ֱǣ޼乫ӡľϡܾӡ鹫ӡѪʥӡӡСʥа¹ӡħ
ʮ콾ҪλĻǾǶʮ콾
Ȼ˭û뵽ɭһˡ
ˣ
ʮʮıԵ˽ˡ
ǺǣܺáͨЦʮƷһȥɣ
ৣৣৣৣ
ʮƮƮĳڳԵȶʮǰ
ҲʮƷ󣬵һͱΪˡ
ܹɻͻĵҩ
Ҫ֪ж˱Ŀڣλ棬˵ǲɼŵ˵һһɱ¾ԸһҩΪľܹͻ
еĵҩÿһжȹâԶ⶯
Ȼȶʮ˼嶤ͻѱû⣬οԼʹãҲø˻߳ãҲһʲСĸ󰡣
Ͼ磬ɲ˶ܹƳħ壬ʦϡ٣ܹʦ͸ϡˡ
ԣһУи
ûκγɣÿһ˶СսУ˶Ľѡ
ȻʮƷҲһʲƵĲƸǵڣҪʯһʲСĿû˻ʯࡣ
СһǣǲǺܿİͨ˴Цֻһ㽱ѣĽں棬ھ౦ʱֻҪǽǰʮͻиõĽ
ԣԵ˶Ͽա
Ϸͨ˵
СһǣϷˣһֱģǶʮˣгǩһֿգ¶ʮ˽еԵıԣʮȻʮ˼һˣһʮٴγǩȻһֿգʮٽбԣǰֿһˣǰսܵڰʮ𣿡
סԵȶʮ˹Ӧ
ܺãڿʼгǩͨ˵
δ䣬һǰ
һħ壬һ彻гȡͨ˵
ǡӦ
ǰ޼乫ӣߺš
һ̤ǰʮš
Ҳ½½ǰ
ħֵҲ⡣
˭һţͨʵ
˻ˣֻа¹ӺЦ˳һۣϿգ˵ǰҡ
ϲӵкСӣϣܹһֱȥͨ˵
ǰʢˡа¹ӵ
Ȼ޼乫ӵû뵽û뵽а¹ӾȻһţֿˣѵȻͻ˽һֵ
Կʼɡͨ˵
2ţ25ţ
ܿ죬̨Ͽվͳ֡
Ѻͣ
Сʥ
Ѻĸߴ󣬵ֱ࣬Ũܵ˫ü絶һ㡣
Сʥ̬ݣ˿顣
Сʥȴݸߣ°ͣ˫۱䣬綾һ㣬Ŀ֮һƬɭ䣬ι

ţСʥȻȴĶ֣ǿһͷӵͷ˵


1088 Ծ
һħɫȴÿ
һ嶼ڰнϾԸԷֻһսСʥսȴһøʢѺͣȡʤĻʵڲ

Сʥ·Ҳ֪һ㣬һ֣Ϻˮɾ䣬һնɱζ
ৣ
ѺȭȭԵһǰϾͰԵһȭһʽ˹ȻɣСʥкҲһ˲ռϷ硣
Сʥѹơ
ʱСʥҲʩչԼĵƣͨ
Сʥ֮֮ƣΪӵп۵ͨüĿֻ۾ϵֻȪ´ģɲ⡣
ֻһѺ²ͰԵȭȥͨ
󣬾һ浹ľ档
Сʥܱ
ǣѺͳΪһһֱԵˡ
ţʮĺţ
ڶԾħİܾӺĶϹ¾
˴սǿңսּңΪǰܾӣǶϹ¾˵Ϊʵ޼ʵѿ˭ʤ˭
ȻҲһӾʢ磬óԼʶЩ콾ʵ
˵һֶԾϻ콾ĶԾҲֻǲмĻʽǰʮصҲϡ
˵սʱܳͨչֳۻҡ
ٻغ֮սҲ뵽˰Ȼ׶Ρ
һֳʤĶԾ
ٻغϹȥ
еʱΪʵѾǾʤĹؼ־Ϊһ־սľ־Ҳߺĵġ
ս
һսף
ⳡԾԶѪҺڡ
˫ΪϹ¾ͰܾӶź
һ־ս
˫ס˺
ڣϹ¾ܾһѪ׶ݴˡ
ڶԾܾӻʤ
ĺţʮţ
ħ׿
һԼûκεʤ
ţʮţ
ħľӣ
Ҳһ۷Ծ
ҲڴΪһֵˡ
Ӳ콾֮нĴڣһǧغ֮󣬴ľ
ţʮһţ
ৣ
̨
Ķ֣ħ콾ħʮ콾֮вǰĩλⲢʵ෴ûΪܹ⼸һĶԾ
ĺ˵Ϊֹˡ
һ壬ΪȻߵһֱ޿ˡս
ɱ
ħһԳɱĲֹһˣϣܹɱ
һ˲δϾͿԿҲóԡ
ϳˡü˵ǿϣ¡
šħͷ
ڶޣܺãҾΪʥ鱨𡣡һͷ֯ͷͷĽ˶ǿһֱըԵĳĿͬһͷǣԳԻ
ϣҲоһΣϢȴǰԾа¹Ӹǿҡ
һǿ֡
ԣɲҪˡа¹˵
أ
ˣͬһڵըѣⲨƥ
һȭ򳽻ţ꣬Ϣ޿ӱһȭ
ųЦ
ʣ
齣Գдƥᴩɿռ䣬ֱѡ
ꡱһ
һȭƣ˵һ
ˣأȻֻͨһȴǱһȭҲ˵ǿʵתʩչɱУն٣ϯ׹嫣ɷնض
ȭ
һЦĿɭȻ˫ȭɽأԣһͷԾצĽն˺򳽻ԡ
ɣɭȻЦ
ն
׻ȸ䡢޵Ϊһ壬նȥΰһ۴⣬ն
ɫһ䣬Ҳ壬ԽսԽǿХ˫ȭŭء
䣡䣡䣡䣡
һУˡ
ʲôһЦҵ͹㣬Ҫ
ءһ
񱩵ˮϯǵأǰռ仯󣬾ͬХ𣬿ƥ৵һһɫ۶ϣն򳽻ţҪ룬Ц߱ն
Ԫ
ԥʩչԪռ䣬˫齣ն£ն
ɫ
ɫ
ɫ
ɫ
ɫ
ɫⲨںϣγһ̺бԴĽն
ͬʱϵɫΪռٶȴ󽵣ննһأ˲ɢɫ⺣ɢֱ
ߺˮ޲ȭ
𣡡
һȭɫ䣬ؽԾһ쳹ϯɽӡ
¡
ķռһһͷͨڣ˫ͷǣ̤ɫϿգ˫𶯣һ£򳽻ԡ
ۣ
ʱ׻ȸɢ
أ
һӴڳϣһĵ˳ȥ𣺡ɣ׵һ˺Ѷ£Ҳ֮˳׺ᡣ
䣡
ٴαˣ
ã
ˣħһܡ
ɱ
ħȭ𣺡Ϊʥ鱨𣡡
𣿡૵
ڣʵǿҲһСסӵ
⻰·Ѿоһ㡣
ɱɱɱ𣬿񱩵ɱͬһû£ڡ
ʣ
վڸ̨һ罣һ۲䣬е齣Զ·һ㣬ɢһȦȦΧڳܡ
ৣ
һ˲䣬Զˡ
Ǵ֮ܽз齣һӣʩչֹն
гɿռ䱾ԴΪһƷ


1089 ޼乫
ۣ
֮жȥһȭֹննѸףܲˣصһ˳ȥ
˫Ŀ죬·Ҫ棬սȼգһܡ
پն
Ͼɱ
Ѫ
ŭ𣡡
ŭˣһʽһʽͨˮ֮򡢴عѪ֮ӿֳȥܣɹ⻷ȥγһɿ񱩵ĻԲѹ򳽻ԣɱ
⻹ûнٴʩչ˻ʼѧӰУ
ˣ
仯һӰȴһִڵʵУ·ķһ㡣
ৣ
һӰûɲ⣬Ī⣬һڳԽǰն¡
ͣ
һĻ˵ȴڵʯ֮䣬Գֵֽ˫ɷѪ⣬Ѫ
һ̣˳Ե棬ĿѪһעǿƥ־ӿѹ򳽻ԡ
ˣ
վҲֱ·بѴ棬أɶҡȻ֮䣬һֻڳԵϷҡֱһھͽն£һͼ˳ȥ
ۣ
ǧɸ̨ڱըȴסΣĿݵĶųԡ
ৣ
ԶĿ罣һ˲䣬ˡ
׽£
н£
ལ£
󽣰£ˮһʩչأֱӽѹơ
ʲô
ˣħ󾪣վ
һ
һ豹棡
һ۾һ
һʵ޻
飡
ƴֱӵȥѪ
ס֣޼乫ӵ˷׷״
ۣ
ȻֻĿ޼乫ӵһۣ齣ȥ˱ûһѪɢ
ʲôһ˲䣬޼乫ӵɫࡣ

ȻɱһҪɱ
Ǵ뽫ǧУ
ħһǴŭĿ𣬷߿ޱȡ
ৣ
ȴδһ㣬¸̨صԭλϡ
ǲţȻɱ΢Ծ
ǻǵ͹Сʥӵ
ǰǻ
ߡֻһȴһݵҲź⡣
ˣ΢΢һЦ
ߺţʮţ
ɱ˲СĲȴҲûֹԵļС
һս޼乫Ӷսս
޼乫һ£òʲףͶ֮Գϣü֮Ȩ֮ƣ΢΢̧ͷɫ޲˫ۣҲûܹ֪룬ɴȣһһƮ˸̨ϡ
սư磬һĺڽף˫֮ƣŨüĿվ޼乫Ӷ棬һɫܣֱ
ս
һִȶսսȼգɫ鲼ȫϲɲ⡣
֮Ҳԡ޼乫ƽͣޱϲɫȻ̬ºͣ˿ûдս̬ǰսϯĻ֮ɢ
ˣսĿĿʵʣ͸ޣһɽҡڷŭ裬ΡΡɽѪ֮ϯɽ֮ƣʮضһױȡ
Ѫڣ
׹𣡡
Ѫⸯʴ
Ǽ£ԨƺͷϿѪĻ죬ӳһ׹ɵʯף֮£ûоͷ֪ͨηһ޴Ѫħۣ̤׹ʯףһ
սս֮һ֣һһʽֻһ򵥵Ķӵƥսͬբĺˮӿȥ޷ֵ
޼乫̬ƽ֮ͣ䣬޶ͬһʯبŲ

Ȼˡ
ƻ䵽УǳУѸףνѣһԵѸ
ֻǣûзʽҲûвɴȵֻͨһָ
һָƣ
ָ
޼乫ָ
ָ壬ţ񵶽֮мѭָ޼ѰȻɣͨͨһָ̺ȴǷޱȣѪĻͬһ㱻˺ѣݿı
ԶԶȥͬѩΡΡĴѩɽ֮϶Ǻ֮Ĥѡ
޼乫ӷ·ս赸վԭأʳָ·ָ㽭ɽһ㡣
һжɢ
ÿµָÿһ˵ж¶֮ɫޱ壬ħ壬𶯣ħһһ˵ʵδ̫˰ɣսôҲʮ콾޼乫ǰͲͬһȼġ
ۣսɳȥǰһѪҲһѪ̨һ䵽̨ϡ
ɱħź

Ȼ޼乫ֻǵɨһȦ˷ȫֹͣˡ
󣬾ͼ޼乫¸̨
㲻ɱңս˵
ûʸ񡣡޼乫ӵ
ƽƽһȴס˺仰ʮֱֿӣȴǷ·˵һʵһ㣬û˳սҲĬȻ¶ЦԼҲԴ֮˭֪ڶԷǰԼɱʸûС
һҲǳĬûзΪʵ
Ӷһۣǿ˱˴е֮ɫ
Ҳˡ
һ˲䣬ÿһ궼ܵһ˵ѹ˾޼乫ӣ
ĳĬħȴһƬڣź֮ﲻ糱
ǿذεĬȻ
һǿĶ֡Ե
а𣿡ذεʵ
Ľ³ԾĿذε·ʮֳԾذε⣿
ûСҡҡͷ޼乫ӣȷʵûаա
ذεĬû˵
ĽҲû˵Ȼһ֮Ǿޣ޼乫ӡȴǲһ㣬ֻսһ㣬޼乫Ķ֣Ψһܡ


1090 Сʥ
ħһ콾˵
һģڡħ
ţ㡣Ŀ˵
˺ţʮźţ
˶ԾѪʥӣһǿǿԾ޼乫ǰһȴǰࡣ
ҲһʵԵȵĶԾ
ֻվѪʥһⳡԡ
źţʮ˺ţ
ǻԾ
óԳһǣǻ꾹ȻҲһޣֻļ߳˼㣬֪Ȱͼ˶ٱȫһȼԾħ콾öֽÿޱȡ
ָϼʩչۻңĿϾӡ
ˮף
Ԫն
һִͨһԶ̹ͨǽӽǻɣִѪȭ
ռһ޾Ѫӿ֣һѪڵһǻꡣ
ҲǳˣǴ֪óԶսҪǻΨнսļ޷ʩչ
ֻǣ͹ǻļ
Ǭѣ
һ겨һιۣĿ꣬ľ硣
ǻ껹һʦ
ˣǰⲨתج֮У޳٣Ҳҡҡ׹
һ죬ǻٴ乭ˮʸֱû뿨࣬Ѫͬȡƿľƿһ㣬ס죬һᣬǻǰʬš
áˣһкá
ħһȴ˶ɫ࣬˰˳ԾħӮĳƽȣʧȴħΪΪͿˣһȻĳҲһֱʤ
ɫĿ˸ɱһ̣һվ˵ܺãֵˡ
̨ϿգԳʮźʮߺš
ʮߺǺӣ
ԼĶֺȴһ˵Сʥӣ
ǰ̨ϿգСʥһ£˫ӺݣһС̫վ֮䣬̫֮ͬӣЦźӣ˵ɣ
һ˶ǺЦСʥӳԹ½Ҳƹ磬ǹʥ̵ʥӣι̻ʣ츳ףʵ֮ǿܺǺ
ˣ޼乫ӵҲɫһ
ɶ񣡡ô˵Ҳħ콾ļǿӣСʥҲܡ
ৣ
ֻһһҡϡ
ӶŭȴҲ֪Сʥʵǿͨǿһ̨ͺޱóԼʵڰ򡢻򡢶֮ϯ⣬ɫ⻷һ⻷ͷϿգĩ֡
˵ʵǿֻҪʮ콾ǰлʤĿܣϾĹͷͬڣǺڰ򣬻Ƕ֮򣬶ǳܹġ
οѾڰ붾֮ںϣס
һϣҲ̾⺮ӵ츳
֮ҲȻ֮һ
ܹߣȴ޼ٺǵһԼĶ֮ߡ
һͿԿ츳жǿˡ
ֻѣСʥӣΪǡǺڰĿǣѹ˺ӵԴ߱ޱȡ
ڰͻ̣
ױ
Զ̹Ȼǽӵʵսḻ쳣ͨãޱȣԺڰ桢øʹСʥӶԾȻ
Сʥη޾壬վڸ̨ϣһĸо
ͨ˹
ǹ֮壬±ȻҲתơӵ
һսûѺ͵
ԣֻ΢΢һЦ·һжƿ֮С
һ޼乫ӵȴɫǶǸ֪֮һСʥӮˣںռȻ
ƣ
ţ
ҫ
һʽƷСʥӾͷѹӣʢˡ
޳ǹӴһڰ붾֮֯˫ֽһ˰ɳǹ۶ÿһ磬ÿһֶ̺˴䡢ɭȻڰϢۣ֮ԴɭȻֲ
䣡
ռ䱬ըǹֱСʥüġ
һ򷨣
Сʥһɽ磬ʢˣϢŨƷ죬һ£ͷ·ػһ㣬ۣĳǹѣҲסһƣ˵һս䣡
áСʥӵ
֮ͬ⣬Ҳһ㣬ӲôܹɱģǱ©ԼĵƣɲҪõġ
ʮһţʮţ
ħ϶Ծ嵶
ƣ
ƥĵƳϣԶԶȥ·һվһֱ
һ㣡
ս
ǰĿռ⵽ѹһһŵıըѣվɽٿȻһѤõİ׹ϱһХֻһͷݵİ׻ͷϿգХ˷

վ಻ϯһ彫
ƴӻ
һľͣ죬һԳɵ֮磬һն£γһ磬£̨Ͽյ綼Ļһ㱻˺ѣǧ˿ƣʮֿ¡
׻ɱ
ն
֮⣡
׻ɱ֮ʩչɲɱ糱ˮһӿ
绢һ
һĻĳһ㶣ŷϣ˸һ˿â
ǧɽأ
űѩͬѩһк£һкǧ赲䣬ѩɽɽ緢һ㣬˻ǧۣ󽭴ԭҰŭء
أ
ײͬɽ֮ռ䶼ֶѵĺۼ


1091 ǿ
һ
ֻϵ˳ȥ
ҪӮˡѺ͵
Ҳɡŷϣ˵
ڿ¶ΪҪ˰ɣЦ
޴ǸͲ֪óҲǵľ
Ǻǣô֪Ҳһأ޼乫Ц
Ҫˡذε
ԡ˵
ôˣĽ
ӦˡԵ
ԣʲôѵͲʤ𣿡Ľŭ
Ҳ˵û㿴ذεɵĿ˳һ̨ۣϣʱ
ʲôҲǵͣĽʧ
ͬһʱ䣬ʧĲֹĽһˣħһһųɾŵ˶Ÿ̨ϣһӰڷϵģϣǧɹԣɳ
Ҳһͣ
û뵽ɣϿЦ˵
ȷʵû뵽˼ҼʶһЩĵɡͫ΢˫ű˵
ǵһҳ壬ҵϣҡ˵
Ҳͬˡ
ֵ¼°ɡϵ


쵶Х죬ͬһ㶴أһϺӰײһ
һ֮սһ
һ͵ĶԾ
貵ĵ⣬ƥĵɽĵײһ顣
ôģ̨£Ľ³ԾĿųԡ
²⡣Ե
ĽԾֻǲ²Ȼɻ󣬵ûжʣϾͳԵĹϵûĵز
ǵ͵۷Ծذεһ˷ܵ
ԵһЦذε飬ΪһͣľĵͶԾ
ͬΪһͣҲ½ͶԾ
ߣصùġһߵ
Ƕûп˵
ˡѺҡͷ
΢΢ĬȻ
̨ϣӰ纣ɽԶԶȥͺ޵ײһ㡣
ն
ɱ
ն
ĵ󿪴ϣһһʽޱȣںһ𣬶ϵĵȴǡǡ෴ƫ֮ƣƮ죬ӰԲ׽ޱȡ
һʼռϷٻغ֮󣬾Գƣɣ̬ȻƮƵ
ֹٻغϡ
ռϷ磡

һߡ
̫ˡ
ħһȴǴϲ
ѶԵ
ˣذεʵ
ĽҲ򳽻ԣü΢˵ֻǱѹƶѣлɣ
һʼóȫʤĿܣѾߣľδѾûпˡ˵
šĽ³ԾĿ˳һۣǶǶĵͷ
أ
һ촫ֻɶصһֱɳȥлʼ׻壬Ѿˡ
ӮˡУذ֡
һʼѾעˡ˵
ĬȻ
һԽԷϵʤա
ǣֻδ̨ħˣ鹫Ӻͳħˣһ
ڴˣ΢΢Ϊħǣһʮ콾֮еǿˣ˭޷Ը·ħܾѶ
һɫƽһصΪԶ˵ʵ鹫ӣǸɭǶ˵Ķ֡
ħһ󲿷˶ܽš
ʮţʮţ
ৣ
ĿĹâ֮УվͬٳȵȻƮƵ·κﶼȤֻһ⣬һߣ˸̨ϡ
˿ħһ
ʥӣ
˾û뵽һˡ
ǰɲܹԸġ
һս
ɶôɭСӣһ鹫ӶԾһһᡣ
ʥӰƮƮƤ𪣬һӣϿ˿ħ弣󣬸һ幫ӣֻ˿ȴԵЩӲеվ
ˣ˿һħĶ־һˡ
ЩпԼûܹԾһû뵽ħȻԾˣѵ˵Լ֮䣬Ҳעһս
ħСӣĺ˵ͷˡһųħ񣬾ͬ˵ϻħ
˵ĿȻ

ѡʮ콾֮һʮ֮Уеһ˵ƣսħ콾ʥӣȻ˵ĹעĶ֣鹫ӣȻҲħ콾Ȼû
һδѾעĶԾ

ʥ䵽˸̨ϣȫעɣ
㲻ҵĶ֣ɡ
ʥӴһޱϯһڵף˵һʦҪңûôףԪɱɱ
ʥһǿľʦ
һ֣ǿߵԪ

̧ƣ΢΢һ䣬һһɽϯȥ̲˷ʮء
ǡʱһ죬ֻʥӵͣͣ¶˲ɶֹľ֮ɫ
Ǵ
찡Ȼʮ֮ͨʮλĴ
콾֮ף
һ˲䣬ǿͬһ籩һ㣬˷ӿÿһ䶼𺳺Ͳ˼顣
˫΢Уâ˸ܹĸоǿĽԪǿʮٱֹԪڴԣͬСһ㣬һ
һУʥӱܹڹˡ


1092 
ƻ
ʥӴ
˲֮⣡̬ݣʩչնʹһЧʥʩչ˼߳ľҲܹں֮۾
ˣ
һ֮УһʥĹâ㣬ͬʱһƣ
ƻЧ
ʥɫ䣬ˡ
Цǰƶصһʥãһ죬ػһ㵹ɳȥѪڸ̨ϡ
һս
Ŀ޼乫һۣûɱսһ㣬Ҳûɱʥӡ
ʮԣʮһ
ֻһˡ
ʮţʮĺţ
һԾħ塮ɭ
˻δǳ󲿷˾֪һһӮΪֻսһʤһȻûΪħܹ
ңһ콾һޣ
޿ͬ޵УħĶ֣Ȼǲܣ
ԣ󲿷˶һûжڴһԾҲͲòˡ
ৣ
һĿ罣һ䵽ħϣٺһЦ罣εض䵽˸̨ϣʱ쳹ĽХˣһϵδʼռơ
Сġ
ġħ̬Ȼ˵
ৣ
ʯһӰֻħѾһĶ档
䣬һսһĵ
սɣħ
ܿһͳ
Ҹⲻûбԣͽˡħ
˻һ˾һ㶣̿
˵ĺáħ
ɭСȤϲЦ
ħûث֡ľ
սħ
ˣҲ䣬Ǹħ˵
ҪΪ˸ۡһ֮˸ɫ˪Ȼȴݾܾ
Ϳûʵħ
ৣ
һˣ罣Ϣ罣罣
·һˣһ
ৣ
һĽն£ɨķնأһٶ֮죬Ѹף磬类˺ѿһţ·롣
𣿡һӰһֱ˴ˣںأؽƣ֮ںϣ죡
أ
ⲻ˼һħԥĴħħգ֮ޣһǰ绢ħͬħһ㣬Ļһǰ
·һˣ
ɵֵ

һĽħϣӹ֮սĳ죬ƥħɢĹâ֯һγʵĹĻħһ˵ӰҲ
һʽת䣬Ѹ֮续ʦ컯һ㣬ৣ֮ĽʩչǷ켫ޱȣۻҡ
øյĽ
ǰŽͣһ֣㲻ǳܹƥеġ
СɭħСˡ
һ
ɭħ궼ûкøУȻħһϣܹһÿһ˶֪ǳΣܹˣԣϣ޹ء
ҲڹעһĽҲޱȣ壬ԷΪֹܳŽͣǱɱʥ齣ڶһһħĻʣԿ϶
ֻӮ٣
ⲢԷƱʵһĽ̫߳ˡ
ȻҲûзϸϸĦһĽ㡣
أأأأ
ħڳħϣϺҶǵѹ¡
ÿһʽʮ㣬죬̩ɽѹ֮һɻ𲨶Ϊע˻Ӵħӵɲ⡣
һ
һ˳ħֺжŭ׹γɹ⻷֮򣬺϶ΪһȻɣеıϣγǿҵȼ⡣
ݡһ
ֻһ׶⽻֯ĽȻն¡
أ
緭Ƹ꣬ըһ㣬ħϣ
ħһͣһ¡
ݣ
ɲǹһʩչ˶콣졢ءˣ
ʱ纣һϯһ㣬䲻ݷĲ˼飬ԷӦ

ֻǣħͻȻһƣȻӲĵֵסһһɫѿ˵ôܣ
ȴǲ֪⳽ħһ̺˻ԻһУκ¶޷ֹ

ħˣħͷϿգ֮˫𶯣֮չֶٶֹӰֻܼħں¡죬֮ݣ

հһƬһɳϢӿͷ䡢ɭȻڰϢ٣ֳո˵ৣʱֻһƬڹ˺һ
ʮ޵У
һһϢɲĽϯ˷ɢ㽣ʮԳǹꪡᡢӡġУʮ־ʮ򳽻ħ
ÿһǿƥ
ʩ˵ʮ޵Уڱһ˵ʮԵУ
֮ţ
ħ̬ƽü֮⣬ȣ˫ֳ֮ƣӦħħϿվͳһʮ֮޵ʯţ滭ɭȻֲ֨һ򿪣ͬˮһѹ


1093 
ۣ
ÿһﶼǿޱȣ൱һǿߣһнֹӰ¡
ֻǣһʮ޵Ҳʮֿ£ڴΧͨһгƣʮʮֹʽĿϾӣۻҡ
ͨԺ䣬Ȼһ
ʲô
ˣ˶һһΪһܹ򵥵Ľħû뵽Ȼò£ֱû뵽ħһҲǳһԭѾ߿⡮ɭû뵽ǵ͹ˡ
ħȻֵסһʮ޵УǶ͹֮š
̫ˣ֮ţ͵޾ɵľӣһսʵȺսûдͨ޷Ը
ħΪͻڣͬ޵а
һ궼𺳡
һҪɱ
ԡӵ
⡮ɭֻһû壬ȻܹԴԲսƽһСﰡ
ǰǶСû塣
˵Щ̫磬һϾ콾ͣкֶܶζûʩչ⡮ɭδصֵס
˵
ħһ۷׷ס
һȴǹҲסˣо棬Լ콾ͣȻħһû壬һڵļһƽֱ֣ǳ裬ɱ
һʩչԼĵˣ
ɭ֮ž̰ɣڿ㻹ʲô취ֵһٽ֮һЦĳüԲˬսˣҲ⡣˵꣬һбԨƺĽϯɽ
ৣ
һն£¡¡
¡
Ͽһ󣬾ͷ·ʲôѹϷһ㣬³أռ䱬ըɼĽһ֮Уȥһͷɽ壬֣޾
ǻʼٽ֮
罣һ㣡
ٽֵĺ壬ռٶ֮졣
ݣ
һ죬ǡ羪衢罣糤һ񣬿ռ粼һ㱻̴ȴɽһƣ򶫶£أ֮ﶼը
ۣۣۣۣ
ɲ֮䣬֮߳ͳͳΪС
飡
ħ𣬳ħ˳ȥ
һһ㣬罣һ˹ȥ
أ
һ죬ħɳȥѪ

һ˲䣬һű£Ҫħ롣
ʯ֮䣬ħħǰʱֻħϣǧѩ𣬽ҡҡ׹
ʮ޵У
һٴʩչʮ޵УǹꪡᡢӡġУʮռʮͬʱԡ

ħٶ֮죬ħķֵת֮£ʮͣ
һоһ㣬ٺһЦ̼Ӵ

ͷħʩչͨһ£ʱһڰ֮𣬵ȴͬһ㣬һ̶ž쳹֮䣬һɱʹࡢ˸еĸоһͷ
áɫ䡣
ݣ
һ˲䣬Ͽսɫ㣬·һ㡣
ֻǣϿȴγһſĹЩɫ˫޴ۿµġ
һĻ
ͬ

ۣɫмǿĸʴã䵽һϣ䣬ˣѪֹ
ɶ񡣡һζʱҫ
ٶ
£һһӾʧټûܹҲǿ

ʱܻȻ֮쳹
ٶʮ֮ͨУʮλĴٶ
һ޹ֺӵٶȣԭ˴ٶȼͨ˭ܹ׷
һ콾ޣܹͨõȻûйʩչͨѾڲ֮ˡ
ɭ䶨ˡ
ħ嶼Ȼ۷׷ס
޼乫ӵ˶һû뵽һ˴ٶʮͨ
Ȼһ˴ٶӵ伫٣ɲӵ
ͨ޴䣬ûκֵܹһ̴ٶӵ˼٣δܹ
Ȼ޼乫Ҳһ㣬𺧣òɭԼеĵλ
㻹жħȵɣ
Ƶͬһ仰һ𣺡룡
ۣ
ڿɫǧɸ̨ÿһ䣬һٶȿ죬û䵽ϣħ֪һѾǿˡ
ͣ
һ죬һӰֳصһɳȥѪֱϵԱӣѪѪãлʼ׸壬ѾˣˣʼҲܵӰ졣
䡣һò䡣
ħһĬ䣬֪Լ޷ɱһ
һ䣿
˶Լ۾һ彣콾һȻһħǰ䣬ǵԤϣеĽֽȻ൱һʱ֮䶼ܲˡ
䣿ӵ˶Ц
޼乫ӵ΢΢һЦ
֣̫˵Ԥϣ˭Ҳ޷ֹһԵĽ֡
ˣʮˣʮԽˣħʤܣħȴǶһˣа¹˶߱ܵ˵ħռϷ硣
Ľа¹ӣ
ȻйӼʵڴ˿ֻöѣƾʵĻδܹʮǿ֮С


1094 һ
ˡ
𣬴ͨ˵ܾʵıԣϷǵıֺ⣬ڴǸõı֣ϢһʱȻʼһֱԡ
Ϣ
һʱʱܿȥ
ˣѺ͡ӡԡǻꡢС
ħˣܾӡ޼乫ӣѪʥӡϡħа¹ӣ
ʮǰʼǩ
̨ϿһƬޣͨȴһֱע˵ı֣ЦǺǵ˵һ˭õ֮չˣ
޼乫Ӷ˵ȡ
ԵȾǰ
˭أͨ˺Цʵ
˻˱˴ˣ¶Ź֮ɫֻħ߳лǰ
Ȼ
˶һĽħ
һֱħһ޼乫Ц

ľ˶ЦΨа¹ɫһһס
˵Сһʱͨ˵ˣʮ˿ʼ԰ɣ
˻صλϣ̨Ͽա
šԵıţγǩǵһʮˣԣŵĻڵⲻ˽˶ֵʵҲõϢʱ䣬Ͼһƣƣײѹô콾
ţʮţ
һԿʼ
ৣৣ
ͬһʱ䣬ֻǻѪʥӶ˳һۣʯһӰҵѳ˸̨ˣעӱ˴ˡ
ˣ˶ޱȵϤǻ꣬ѵһļޣһʦһʮֵּĶ֣ѪʥҲ콾ˣѪ֮ã¯࣬˭С
ʣһ۷Ծ
أ
ս
һΪħˣɭá
Ҳû뵽ħ
̫ˣһԶǿǰĿܡ˵
ǰħ΢΢ҡͷ
ԭ˵һԽǰ뵽޼乫ӺĶ֣Ҳоϣã˵֮ҪŬ
šħͷ
̨ϣ
ǻٴչֳ˸߳ױȣǿľӵ׼ȷ߳
ѪʥӴһʼ·磬޷ǻꡣ
˼ˣ΢΢Ħ˱ԵʤֲεĶ֣һ浹һ˵ľƣ񳽻ħһŤתǬо춯صĵƣʮͨⲻûܣϾ˭Ҳѵȫó
Ҳϸϸ۲죬ԼĶ֡
ʣʮ֮У޼乫Ӷ˵ʵǿǰָԶԸĶ֣ҲһǿУҲһʱ֮콾
죡
аأ
Ⱥħʴģ
̨ϣѪʥսǻ꣬սңͨչֹ֣İơ
ɾ죡
ǻ乭£Хʯأصһ㣬һѹѪʥӣأ֮ձըռѣһͼѪʥӵɳȥ
ԤϵĽһһεͷǰһֱһ
ţʮţ
ܿ죬̨Ͽվͳֵڶ֡
ӣ

һԾѡò˶һ㶣ǲͨⰲŵģӣڵһ˵ĴڣԾֱǿǿԿֳʤѶҲܴ
ȫ볣ԲͬΪһ˵ǲͬǿǰ֣ӺӦһֱԶϲǣû뵽ھͶˣҲ˵ڶֻһ˽һ֡
ʧߣҲʧȥǰĻᡣ
ϾռݵĻǰĽǵһĽҲ˼
ȻϣҲòһϲ
սʼ
óʹͬóǾ񹥻ΪһʦԽսǿľȴʮҲ׿ħ콾ѡڶ
˶սٻغϣʤ
ʥ
۳Σһֻļʸʥַζӵľ硣
һ̣ٴ۾ʩչ˻ʼɢצ
һֻ޴צһɢ꣬ɢֵ˱ʬ⣬޴
ӸҴ⣬ȫעһƽΪ֪Ըʦð취˴֮ľ룬ýսƣ֣ܶóľǽսֻ˶޷ֵסľ񹥻
ΪڵΪϵľʦԵʣǾǿڣ֮ͬУ޼乫ı̬ڣûֵܹľ
飡
ֻצץӵľ磬ԭӵо
ơɫһ䣬𣬸ȣצʤ
ʱӵľ𶯣ڲ·Ҫ˺һ㡣
Ʊ
Ѫɱ
ɾ죡
Ҳס˲䣬ӱƽ˰ɾ룬ʩչɱУɱ
ʱΣ
ѪΪ٣ƣһھѪϯӳצ֮ϣʱ˺֮
áɫ䣬ҲһھѪѪ׶
δ䣬һһѪϯγһ޴׶ӣ
أ
֮ȫɢ
ʲôһΣɫ䡣
ءһ
ֻѪ׶߷һ㵹ɳȥ䵹ڸ̨ϣѪ磬Ҳɫ԰ףûѪɫΪһ㣬ˡ
һսʤ
ˣһҲǿ𣬿սʤգʿ簡


1095 Ծ
ħһ޼乫ӵ˶ɫ࣬бһֱǳ裡
ĺţʮһţ
ৣ
Ȳ̨ϡ
ʱȫ
ħһϢ޼乫ӵɫÿ԰ܾΪΪʮһߣ
尡һʮЦ
⼸һûκսֻǷһЩֶΣͽ˰ܾӡ
ʤ
һţԣһʤɴǵ־ħһȻڴ˴ͨͨˣжŭ죬ħ궼¶ɱ⡣
˵ֱһĳ衣
޷ܣ
ţʮţ
ϣ
һΣԵĶħ콾ϣа¹ӡ
ϳԾĿųԣɫЩȻǰչֳʵɵ
ϣ
ħ׷״Ϣ궯
ৣ
ֱ̨ӳԣ˵һģ
òͨپϸǷ˫Ŀ籦ʯһֱӳԣη޾壬̬ݵޱϲͬһʯڴˡ
ħʮ콾֮ȻеȣҲС
ǵͣǿĵͣ
ǽͣҲһ뽣֮ĶԾ
뵶͵ĶԾ˼
ǰ֮Ȼͨÿһ˶ܹҪǷ켫ĵزȴǼѣʣǷϣ⳽ԣǴ˶Ľ֮ܳˡ
һ˵Ҷڴⳡˡ
ܹҲһԴСӡ
ʥˣϻὫʧȥһ
һֻǼۣħȴϣܹܳԣһѩǰܡ
޼乫ӡ콾ȴǲֻǾۡ
ˣ
̨ϣɫ޲κ飬Ŀ絶иռ䣬һɺصĵϢϳ𣬻ƥԼһǿƣͬһɽѹ򳽻һ
ʣ
ͬʱڳԵҲܼĽԽһ㡣
ৣ
ͬһʱ䣬϶˶ˡ
ֻһ죬˵Ӱͽһ𣬵⡢纣ɽ塢֡粨һ嵴һ𣬺䣬಻˫

ֻͨͨʽڳ϶˵ϣɱУһһʽɱ⡣
һո߳ĵͣ硢ơ۹ڵ֮Уףһһʽˮ©
µޱȣɽ罭һ㡣
Ľ£ȴǳ˷â֮С
֮ϣռԵƣ˵սϣҲкܴģ֮սĳٻغ֮󣬶ҲʩչɱУÿһʽǳɱ¾֮
һһʽ϶ɱԡ
׻ɱ
ն
֮⣡
֮У
Ѿ֮ںϣƱޱȣ·Լԣ֣ɱһǳɵʩչһڣɽһѹ򳽻ԡ
Ԫ򵥵һʽԴռ䣬ǯķռ䣬ʩչɱ̱ûɱ¾ҲǴԱǳ϶ʱ䣬ػعϡ
ֹն
гɿռ䱾Դ齣ռ䵴ɲ֮䣬ɿռ䣬ϡ
óѣϵ۹ⶾһ۾Ϳ˳ԵĴ㣬һ˶ǰһǳУȻȻɣһ˿һ죬һ޶γɣϴ𣬡׻ն
𣡡
޶óԵĹһ٣һͷ׻һ˳
ǣ
֮һ飬⵶̺˷˫ĸ֮ﲻơ
֮ܣ
սһӼԴֵ֮ܵһ趯齣һ佣Ʈɫɫɫɫɫɫâӿγɫ⻷罣һն
Ȼն
أ
һն£ޱȣ̺бԴͬиһ㣬úأȻȥһ赲նϣİ׻౻롣
ʲôԪ޼ɱɱɫһף֮һХһŽ⣬ϯ˷ͬһֽգɹâһͷ·һɫˣУﶼ޷赲
Ƿϵĵƣ
꣡
֮ѿصһ˳ȥȻû£ҲһѪлʼףʣҲˡ
ն
һն£׻ȸ䣬޷ɳϡ
Źᣬ̳һն£Ԫ޼ɱۣްһ顣
Ҳһ˲书򣬳ʩչλñ䡣
ûõĳԣҷǵͣ־ᶨʯһ㲻ɶҡƾ⾫޷Ӱ쵽ҡṳ̋ǰЦ
׵־Ծ
˫ͣ־ȻﵽףҲֻǶ׶ѣ
ڲ֪δҲ̫˰ɣЦ
أ
ٴαˡ
Ӳˡϵ
һ
ûа취ֻʩչһˡ
ߺһ־ʺһޣޱϲͨ۹޳˳Ⱦ·һ㡣
ৣ
һͨͨĽۻƲһ˿ȴ죬쾪һ㡣
ǧɸ̨ռ䣬ÿһɣÿһߣÿһ綼ǽ飬ֱͨߵ顣
ۣ
ʩչһй˲ϢΪޣֻͫʣһĨ貵Ĺâʧ
ۣ
һѾɨ˫ĿʱһĲҽֻϹ˸̨ϣ˫۾˻𣺡ҵ۾ҵ۾


1096 ǿ֮ս1
һϹ˷ϵ˫ۡ
һĻò˶һ
⳽̫ˣ˶뵽
ৣ
ʧȥ˫Ŀķһۣ˸̨
ˣ޼乫ӵ˶ɱ⣬ⲻΪԴϹ˷ϵ۾Ϊħһˣĳԣĳֱǳ谡
ħĿһУߣû뵽
ţźţ
Ѻ̨ˡ
Ķа¹ӣһֱпųһţֱӽһֶԾ˶
ãܺãû뵽ҵĶ־Ȼ㣿ѺЦ
ЦΪһ̣ûлЦˡа¹һ£ֳ볽Թеȣͷ·һѹӣȲ
Ѻŭˣ˵ƾߵգĪΪԼܹһ𣿡
ô֪а¹ӺЦ˵ְɣһҪִأ˵֮䣬Ŀ䵽˳ϡ
ߡѺͼа¹ԼԾȻйעԣдŭ˵ΪԼĿ۵ģ˵꣬ѺͶˣһа¹ӡ
а¹ǿֱǲ֪
һźߵһļһѣѺͽѵѵ֪ԼС
һ֣Ǿʤˡ
һ궼˷ۣ˿Ϊа¹˵ļһܹѺͣħһҲΪƵ䡣
ʤ
䵽ħһһ࣬޼乫ӵˡ
һĸ˵ֱǳĴ
޼乫ɫ
ҪΪ˸ۡľ˶Ǵŭ
ɭǻ𣿡ʵ
ǣħһ㶣û뵽⡣
ǰѾĳˡٹ̻һħ壬һϣȻΪħ忼ǡ
ᡣħҡͷ˵
˵а¹ӻӮѺͣ
Χ˶ˣõĲħ궼ӭЩ˵Ŀ⣬ħͷ
ô֪ѪʥӰܸǻ꣬ͲǺܺãħ˵Ļʱм˵һҲҷŴʴʣҿǲ֪ν
ûʧܹħ˵
㡭仰һ̽Ѫʥӵ壬ͷŭȴ˵һ䡣
쿴
ͻȻ˾
˿ȥʧʲô
أ
̨ϣֻѺͰ˳ȥа¹ȵȻƣУޱȣʹ׹纣һûѺͣһ֮Ѻػһ㵹ɳȥ
ѺͰˣ
һţħһˡ
а¹ʲôʱôˣ
ϤˣǲϤˣɻ
ôܣôܸ㣿Ѻڸ̨ϣһѪ˫ĿԲʣţԼȻܸһ˵ļһ
֪а¹ӵĵ
˵գһӣȴһѺ͵ͷ­µµĹѪͬѪһӿͷʬ鴤ܿɢ
Ѻˣ
𣬲ţ˫Ŀ
а¹һЦܣĿ䵽˳ϣৣ˸̨
ã
ħһ𶯣˻ߺƸǣȼա
ɵĲ޼乫ӵĵ
а¹΢΢һЦĿڳħɨһۡ
Ѫʥ֮ǰ𾪳ħ֮ħ궼ԾĿ
Ӯˣŵ
ǿħ
һҲɫأû뵽а¹ӵʵ֮죬˵֮ǰĵĻȴѾսʤԷˡ
һ˶أѺˡ
ÿһ콾ﶼǱģħˣҲˡ
ֻѾΪʵ޷ˡ
ߺţ˺ţ
ৣ
޼乫Ӱεض䵽˸̨ϣĿֱСʥӣһ·Ҫ͸
ӭ޼乫ӵĿ⣬Сʥճ鶯һ£վһ𣬳ǰǰ˵޼乫ӣ
Сʥӣ޼乫һ˿΢Ц˵ʥ̵ͨʮ֮ͨʮλĴ֪ѧûУ
ԣ˶һСʥӣ̬ƽ֪ġ
СʥͦΣƻֺ꣬һͷɫƮƳһֽҫ˷̫֮ͬһ㣬֮ˣ嵭̬ȴݡ
ҾҪúһ޼乫ӵ
˵꣬ɣһ㣬ƽСʥӡ
ָ˫ʮָ⣬Դһָƣ˫ֽʮָ⼤γأʮɫأһ㣬Ե
Խռ䣬Ϣ
ˣ
Сʥ࣬û˿ɣȫע纣һĽⱬÿһɡÿһռ䶼޷ܣڰ
ǹ
һкڰĿǡ
ħһ㶼ƫСʥӶܹѹһ޼乫ȴ⣬ûзֺϢ
޼乫ӣҹơڹƷһʽں֮䱻Сʥʩչûһ˿֮ȫǹζ
ʽƷʩչȥǵصĹϯѹ޼乫ӡ
ָһָ򷨣Ƕգơ޼乫ƮȻٶ磬ʳָһ䣬ָһ㼤ŶۣСʥӴʽƷ˲Ϣƣ˵СʥӣЩ̫ͨˣǰѴʩչɡ
׹ƣ
һ򷨣
Сʥһ࣬һ˫ƽӡɣͬ޷ӡһ㣬ϵĴںϣȹԣͬһһ㣬ﲻ١


1097 ǿ֮ս2
һ򷨣̫߿ԼˣСʥӣ޼乫ӵȻһЦǵӣȷȷʵʵ޷ָֹѾˮ©״̬ҳֻǼ򵥵ͨʩչҲ޴
ۣ
Сʥʩչͨͬһűֽױ˺ѡ
һʼָָ޼乫һȣһƽСʥӣһ˿΢Цʳָһ䣬âӲӣһΪΪʣΪΪƳϣͷ·ǵۻʣ£
ϵϢأη޾壬ϾޱԳأ·һ㡣
һָ֮£Сʥӵκͨƿ
ɫ䣬ˡ
˵𣿡޼乫ӺЦ˵
ȻҾͳȫ㣬Сʥһҧк֮ɫͣס˫ֽдȣһׯ£ɫգͬһһ㣬·̫֮ȽϿգҫ
ʮͨʮλ
ͨһ޼乫ӵָ˲䱻ƣԴ֮ƾ
ĺá޼乫һָӰã˲׽ɴ⣬뻯
ǳ޼乫ӵָƣ·һ޷ֹ
޼乫ӣƵ𣿡СʥӹЦ˵ȻֻСɣʮ㣬Ƶ˵ģħ콾֮׾ҪСʥӵϡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
Сʥ룬ռϷ磬磬Яϣѹ޼乫ӡ
̫ˡ޼乫Ц
㻹뷭̣ûôסˣСʥҲӶԷ̳ƹҪһٴ޼乫ӣۣһйռۣһּǿҵƻѹ޼乫ӡ
һ˲䣬ǧɸ̨籩̨𣬳ֶѺۼ
ÿµĴ
˾
ҲأСʥӱʵҲ൱ͨӼʵһʩչսֱ޵а
֪޼乫ӻεֵ
ȻСʥռϷ磬ԲΪ޼乫Ӿûκη̵ĻˣԷħ콾֮ףûе򲻿ܵġ
ɱ޼乫ȣ̬ɴݣɣϢû˿ʮָ߿ǳֶʯһ㣬СʥӣʮλʩչӦüԪɣֵ˼ʱ
ΪֹСʥӺ
䣡
䣡
䣡
߶øӿ񱩵Ĺѹ޼乫ӣ޼乫һֱڼص̬ƣȴδܡ
޼乫̫ƻˡӵ
СʥԪһ㡣˵޷ʵֶˡ
еƣӾ
һСֻ˵֣ȴǿ϶ɡ
ԣĬȻ
һ㣬Ҳˡ
ʮʱȥСʥƴ󽵣Ҳ
Ҹ߹㡣޼乫ӵ
ɶ񡣡СʥӶͷ
ûлˡ޼乫ӵ˵꣬϶ʱһɿ񱩵һҡ塢͡޵ɢ޼乫һͺ𣬡Ѫָɱɱɱ
ˣ
ѪӿֱһϯԹ顢ѪõѪӿСʥӡ
ڰɢȥһа񶼽ʧơСʥӴ
ۣ
Ѫͳͳ
ֻǣһָȻۣͨѪ죬ѪɢްѪ⣬һСʥӣصһ춯صıֻСʥӵɶѪ䵽̨ϣϢ˥
̫ˡ޼乫ӵ
ɶҽгɣذܸҡСʥһʵĺ
Ҳɡ޼乫¶һĪ
ʮıԽˡ
Ѻ͡ӡԡа¹ӡ޼乫˽һֱԡ
ħıΪıȶ
ֻǳħ˽ı
ˣħһҲʡ
ˣ
ͨ˵ϲ߸˵Сһ뵽һ֣ѾõǰʮҲ÷ĽȴҪ߽ĵıˡ
ˣ
һ޴ʯ֣ͨ˵߸ţһߣԶǿ˷飬ԣȡǿʣǿˣҲٽԣǰһͶԾҲͿԽˣҲԵõҪһСףǺˡ
һۣ޼乫Ӷǰǩ
һǩ
ͨЦ֪һ˭ôˣ
лǰа¹ӹǰ

˶ޱĽʼɵĿа¹ӣΪʲôħôõԶЩĽˣ˵֮У޼乫ӵ˶©˴ƣа¹Ĵڡ
Ǻ˵ļһԴĽ
ǺǣҶѡа¹Ц
ϲˣ˵Сһͨ˵ˣ˿ʼ԰ɣ
ˣ
ţߺţ
̨Ͽճ֡
ʱǧ˫۾ע˳ϡ
ֻ͡ɭ߳

ȫݣ籩һ㡣
ɭùˣ־Ȼ
һսûκӮˡ
ħͨ죬Ҳ޼¡
һ˶Ц
ɭҪа¹ӵþͺˡ
ôܣһڵû壬죬ҲԽǰԾа¹Ҳһ
ϣ̫ˡ
ħһ۷׷ס
ŵĿųħΪǡ
ɭɡЦ


1098 ǿ֮ս3
ৣ
ħһۣΰεض䵽̨ϣͬһʱ䣬Ҳǰ
һսѾע˽֡
أǿģƷǴͨ쳹صͨħʵ࿹ȴμ穡
ħһս
սپɡ
ְɡħ˵֮䣬ԲԴӿһγûķռ䣬ʱɭ䡢ɭ
΢΢һЦĿ籦ʯһ䵽ħϣһʱָֻ̧մ˳ȥһƥĽϯ¡һħͱˡ

һ̣һƽħ˵㶯𣿡
أ
һ죬ֻħħ裬ŭң÷ֺ
ԣذεĵ
û˵עս֣Ľ˵Ĵ̫ˣ޷Ƴֻ׸
֮
֮ţ

ͨʩչ·޾ӳ֣Ͽգ콵꣬кХݺ˺ڽϣͣ޷ơ

ħʩչ
ôܣħɫ
̫ˣɭ¸ûз
ǰһУƽⲻˣֻսܡ
ֱ似콾֮ס
ȻѾ֪һսӮˣǰսҲ˴һɭ˵һƥڳԲУΪ˶Ϊǿ֮Уû뵽ô
𣡡
ħħ裬ϯһУأ޷ҡռ䡣
ҵ͹㣿
𣡺𣡺𣡡ħף纣Хһ಻ħϿǣʮɡʮɡһɡɡɡͬһɽһ㣬Ͽǣơ
áɫһ䣬ĳӡɳȥǻʵƣ
ءһ
ֻħɳȥһѪ
¡
δվֱĴصһٴεɳȥħֽһ㵹˵ϣò
ˣ˶һǿҲڡɭĿ
𣿡ЦҾɱ㣿ѹ˵֮䣬ƴӡ죬صһٽħɳȥ
ɭд˵ǣɣ
ɶ񡣡ذε޵
ţĽû뵽ذεƫħ壬Ŀ
ߣҿɲϲһذε˵
ĽԿһۣĬȻ
ǿ
˾̾
ɶ㻹䣿ŭ
㲻Ҫɱ𣿡ħޱ˿ɫ԰ףǻѪۣ˫Ŀ財
ãҳȫ㡣ŭˣݺݵ˵
ʵƣ
ķȭ
Ǭ
ʽͨһǳɣڴ֧£óħ޷˼֮Ҳ˲ᣬҪĵزȴǲһЩ
㲻ûʼôӵôǿķ
Сħ
ɶԭҴһԸǣڿֻԸˡվϢƽ˫Ŀɱӿ֣εĿųħ˵һжҵģɣ󡭡
ס֣һӮˡʱͨ˵ǿħСӣ°ɣ

һסħ䵽˿ߡ
ǰһݺݵĿ˳ħһۣв
ˣ˶һû뵽ͨ˾Ȼֱס⡮ɭһ
δ̫˼˰ɣ
˱ɱͨ˿ɶûгְ
Ȼɻ󣬵û˸ʡ
Լͨ˵
ţţ
ৣ
ͬһʱ䣬Ѻ͡޼乫ӶվĿһ𣬽֯ǿҵĹ˲ֱӡ
˶һۣԵĿ䵽ϣҲЦĿ˵䶨ˡ
ҲɡԵ
ǹһ˿ȣҲˣĿͶ̨УԾʵǿᣬҲվֻһڽͣӣûκλᣬͬǡɭһ
ԣϣܹа¹ӺЦ˵
˵ļһӵ
ǻϵģʱһ֪˵ļһʵа¹һ˿
ôϣ㲻̫ܵҡӵ
Ϊ˸۵ġа¹ӵ
ߡһ̨ϡ
˿̣Ѻ޼乫Ӵսһ֣Ѻ;·硣
սѾ
գѺͰܸ޼乫ӡ
ĺţţ
һЦ৵һ£䵽˸̨ϡ
Сġذε
ǿУɡĽµ

һЦӶ棬޷ԶϢ罣˫·н̳һָ֮УԾֱӣһգ齣У৵һ£˳ȥ
Ȼȶˣ
˴󾪣Ҳ˵Ȼȶˣѵɭһ
ȻѷһʵҲǿᣬ⳽ȻҲʵֻܹΪôӵĶ֣
սܣûб·
ûһ˿óԣ϶ͬɭһ㣬ܸܸӡ
ܺãǾսپɡӵһʤȯյģֺĿųԣȫĴڣ߰˵
ϧ㲻Ե
䣡
£Ҳ֮ն¡


1099 ǿ֮ս4
Ӵŭһһȭɽųԣ˵СӣܹߵһΪûӣھսһУ
ϻ̫ˡԵ

˻һȫȻ⳽ʵ̫ˡ
ǰǿӰô˵
һɱ
⳽ʵ̫ˣֱǿû߶ˡ
ų
ã˵úá
ħһȴвкãһԶ壬һ˵Ǻ£οҲͲóԱɱ
СӣҪ㸶ۣȭһ˫Ŀұ۱ըֱ۾ͬһ󺣣ȭͷ֮ͷһ㣬¡
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
һȭɽ塢纣µ˼㣬ԵĲ
Բиȫһս齣ն¡ֹն
ͬĻʼѧֻǽ׽С֮εֵг֮ĴȭЦһȣ£ˣǵأǧڲݡ
ꡱһ
ֹն۳Ŀռ佣ѡ
ɡһȥӾȭͷͻһ򳽻ԡ
治
Իȼ棬Ƭƣһ£֮ܣصһֻӵȭͷϣһ죬˳ȥӲƣ𣺡Ӳˡ
ʣ
޾֮УӰ֣齣ʡ
ȻȻȷʵӵпʵһʽȭǳֵܹġ
ɶҾͲ㻹ֵܹͫ΢֮ɫһȭ޷ֵΪҲҪˣû뵽ԾȻֵסˣеɱʢ
ɾ죡
һٴαƽɽ纣罭ӣһȭԪͬբĺˮһӿһһ˳һأ죬̩ɽѹ֮ѹԡ
أأأأ
ʱɿռ䱬ըϢϢ
׽£
ռ佣£
ལ£
󽣰һڲལ֮赲סӵĹĿ罣˫罣λӰٶ֮죬籼ף˵ӣ㲻Ըˡ
ɶңŭ
ԺЦ
ҾҪɱ㡣ŭһ񱩵ɱͬһϯɱ¾򡢻֮ϯγ⻷ͷϿգͬһƽһ㡣
ۣ
ţһѪϢŻ
Ѫ
Ѫɱ
Ѫ֣
ͨʩչͬܽɱ򳽻ԣҪɱӴһһȭҳô
䣡
һ춯صĴ죬ɶһ齣ƽ棬ֻԵϥأ̧ͷ˵Ҹ߿ˡ
ʲôôܣӵɴ˫ۣŵ
ҲǵһĿųԣǲţ˿񱩡͵ɱУԾȻǵֵסˣֻΪ
̬
ﶼ֡
ӵĹν£֮ͬУٮٮߣ˵˿񱩵ĹѾˣȴɻߣһȻ£ⲻǱ̬ʲô
Ҫ⳽ԣóƳˡ
ȻӱƵһľ
û뵽Ƕû뵽Сʥҡͷ˵
ǿ
Ӯġħ
⡭Ľ΢΢ſ̴ڣɴĿţò˵ҵ͹ˣֻӲô׶Ըġ
Ҳ֪Ӯ˻ذεЦ
ҲɡһĽûз񶨣ֻ׵ͷ
һ£˶עѺ͵Ķ֣޼乫ӵ˶⣬ΪԱֳʵʵڳǵԤϣҪ֪ӿʮ콾֮н˰
ܹս˾أɲܹͨġ
úúãܺá˫Ŀ֮棬ͷϿ⻷ݺݵĿųԣס˵ǵһұƵһˣϿʵһжΪֹˡ
ۣۣۣۣۣ
ӵһӸϢȣ죬һһŵѪ˲仯һѪˣϢǣԨƺͨѪ֮ڽʣֻܣһѪħ
Ѫɱ
ʱһ춯ص𣬳ѪĻ죬Ѫӯ죬Ѫ񷡣
찡ǴѪ
ʱ˾ʮɷ֮ͨʮλĴѪ
һʽͨѹָš
ͨףʮ֮ͨеһͨ޷󼰣⳽ˡ
ˣѪһϵ¶·һ
վΪӵֶξ̾̾ϢΪԽ̾ϢڴѪ֮£ǿɲΪܹӹһ١
¡¡
̨ϣ糱Ѫ֮ӿ֣һɳԵӰһѪɫӰϿգأ·ǳ֮ĤѣȻʮɷ֮ͨУʮλľͨ
ۣ
ѪĻ֮£һѪɳȥ
𣿸һһֻѪ֣ץ򳽻ԡ
һ
ؼʱ̣ʩչһңޣһжڱġ
һҲǸӺͬħ
ءһ
ֻһ顣
ۣٴһѪɳȥҲٴץ


1100 ǿ֮ս5
ҲѪδҲ̫˰ɣҪ֪һȻǳԴȴǳնննͨལ¶޷ȴҲѪˡ
ֱ˳Ԥϣվǵ͹ӣܹ콾ôо춯صĵأ
ৣৣৣৣ
ֻһ֮УϵĶûгɣ齣趯⽻֯һγһƬȥ
ͬʱαˡ
أ
һδԲ˿иױԴбԴռ䱾Դ벻౾Դϵ޸壬齣ͬХһĽԶۣ罣һ㡣
Ԫ־һ˫齣ն£ռ
ৣ
סٴα˰ɡ
飡
̨𣬳ٴ۾־˾Ԫӵľ硣
ͬʱӱƽԣϢ񱩣˵ƣƣƣ
£˺ѣռ䱻򱬣ƿԸӣĲ
ˣ
ΣͷȻһ٣ɫݣ
о֮
׾֮
ռ侫֮
׽־ޱȱƽڵۣ֮ʩչųһߣӵľ硣
ɶʲôӴ⵽Ԫ綼ˣ޷𣬡ôǿҵҪǿ
˻һʱ˴ʧɫ
Եӵǿ
ôܣ
һӦ˾ǲţģȴ˼ݣ㣬˶Եӡ˼֣ԭӵǿʵ
ܺãӣҪл㣬ĻҲ֪ʵչѸ١а¹ǹһ˿Ц˵
ܹܳ𣿡
һ˶ôܹ׾ٵĴܳˣǻܷ
˼ת֮죬˶û뵽ġ
ȻĳԾ߱ʵеĵλѾ˿ӵˣܹ޼乫ӡĴˡ
˶ĿŸ̨ϵս֡
أأأ
ʵǿ󣬾ҲǿԶͬףһ޷⣬𳽻ȴһҲΪˣԵľܹ֮˺
ৣ
ᣬԱƽӡ
ңӴ
㿴ҸҲңЦ
λñ䣡
Եľǿ󣬵վҲ޵ģв౾ԴָҲ޷ʩչ񹥻ԾʩչλñԾ
ΪԽǸԽܹ⵽λñǿ󣬿±֮ʼѧֹնֺһߵȼͨǱ˴֮֮С֮ĴħҪ¼֡
ȻҪΪħֻСɵԭǴɣ˵ӣ޼乫ӵ˶޷⡣
ֻһͨҲȱ㣬Ǿ־ᶨ֮޷ӳ߻࣬ǳܹħľ磬˲ܳΪĵơ
ԣڴ£ѡλñ䡣
ˣˣˣ
֮䣬ӾܵӰ죬ۿɢһȦȦⲨ뻷֮С
Ͽջȼգļ⵶ǰ˷ǸָΧסУܼ尾ոһգ긴һ꣬ĥ²ĥĴˡ
ʹҽС
λñĿֱܹ֮ͨ飬ֲ٣ΪԼޱ߿֮һ
ӵĲҽķޱȣģᣬ֮С
ÿµĻ
֪ܷ֧ȥѺ͵
ɡСʥӳɵҲ
̫ˣһҪɱ
ԣšľ
ҪѪʥӵ
һ˲䣬ԾǸовǧټҪɱԡ
ӻڲҽУʹ֮ɫΪ棬ȴǳ˲ʣ˻𣬡ңҲ٣׵ңҲɽ͹ɱң޵еģƣ
ħ
ˣһӵ־Ȼ£ԽУԽǷʩչħ
ˣ
ħ£עУѩϼ˪ٴʹʴ𣺡Ҳ
ʣ
𣬾ͬӶһǰֱ͸뾫磬һƬѩоͨ䣬ΣӿͷɶֹǿҵԸӡ
͡һ
ֻ齣ӲһɨѪͷ­µµĹͷʬ鴤£ֱͦͦĵ˳Խ¡
أ
ͷ­Ҳ䵽Խ¡

һȫš
ӱնɱˣ
ʮ콾Ĵھˡ
˭Ҳû뵽Ľ֡

紵ӵʬ岻
СӣɱӣǴˣˡ
찡ɱӣ콾壬ͬΪ壬նɱħ콾ȴɱ콾Ǵ
ˣˣĸҴ½ǲˡġ
ӱɱʱһʯˣ弯ʧ˶һ£ŷӦСӣȻɱӣ鴫Ҵ۶УǱףҪɱ
ˣǱл뿪̫ſռҲҪҴɱǻ˵
ӣȻҺȴʧСʥӵ


1101 һս
һж޷ˡ
ãɱúðһħ궼˷ܴӶ˵һв񱻳ɱֱΪǽв޼乫ӡ˶¶΢Ц
ЦҲɱѵɱ𣿡Իһۣ˵
Σ壬ͲӦɱ콾Ѻ͵
ߣû˵ʲôҲɱҪɱңǰ׳ô򵥵ĵͣҿӦñɱһ˿˵һܽҲǰ˵˭ĵӣ
̫ˣѺһ
Ǿһսһɱһɱ㡣ЦԸЩˣʵûкõƢ
㡭ѺͶʱɫһ͡
ˣ
ʱһͨ˵ܺãԺܾʣǰǿѡѾˣ޼乫ӡԡа¹ӣ˽ǩĽıԣȻԣȡⳡĵһڸһʱϢʱ䡣

޾ǿһӾͰ
ֻ˫Ŀɻڳϣһ˶˽⳽ԲеôǰԵޱȣĴҲɱʲôɱģǲ
áΨذεߵĳԽкá
΢΢һЦĽ£˵ôҲӦһ𣿡
ֻǡĽû˵ȥҡҡͷ
ˣҲ˵ֻֻеļѺ;ģղűе־գɱӣĻһ֣ΨʩչɱĴۼ
һҲ˸ˣͲһʱʱָܹơ
ڶҲȫ¶Ȼа¹Ҳ֪˴ȴֻһ˶ѣ޼乫ӵ˶֪¶ҲΪһӲСİա
ʩչྫ񹥻;ľѾ˾ųɣѾûһս֮ˣһӷɣڣ¶ɱӵҪԭڽѾ˲ùˡ
ڣԾץʱָ
һҺƷʯͬˮһӿԵ壬֮ͻָ۷״̬
ڵϢһսҲһսӾգ޼乫ӡа¹ˣ˭ô򵥵򵥵ܹԸģȫһս
֮Уа¹Ϊء
Ȼ֣֮ȴǻ˾ʵͨһ㣬֪˴޼乫ǿָû֪а¹ӵĵơ
˵ûеƣû˻š
ˣ
һͨ˵Կʼǩɣ
޼乫ӡԡа¹ǰ
һ壬ħպ൱˭ܹѹȺۣȡһͲö֪ˡ
޼乫Ӷһǩ
а¹ں
һŶţŶĺšͨ˵һ̨
ৡ
޼乫һ߳ƴݣ˸̨
޼乫ӵĶ˭
˿а¹ӡˡ
ৣ
ͬһʱ̣а¹Ӷ˵Ŀһ𣬶ĿƵ˳ϣӰֻһ٣һ㴵̨
ԣ
޼乫ӵĶǳԣ
˾һ㶣
ˣˣ⳽ˡ
ͨ죬޼乫Ҳֻ·һ·һ
ϵ¶û˾ȵ
һ˲䣬ħһͱȳ֮ӿɱħ콾ϣÿһħ嶼ɱĶ޼乫ӣж˷ˣ޼乫ӱҲһ㶣Ц˵ܺãԣڵˡ
޼乫ӣذεĽ¶˶һ
עҪǻ
а¹ӣҲ⳽Իһ˿Ļᣬ޼乫Ǿƻˡӵ
ϧ㽣ͨ񣬽Ҳ·һСʥӵ
ûһΪܹΪ޼乫̫ˣ
޼乫һ£޳˫ֿտգƳ콾֮ӣ˫ǳ籦ʯ˸ɽֹ⣬ӳԣͬһ㣬ƮȻ޾޷졣
ǿУԵǿУ
Բ˿иѾ׼־ӳ־ʯһ㲻ɶҡ޼᲻ݡ
ˣ
罣ɣǧ콣Х
ԣܹΪߵһ뱾ӶԾܲϧվҪڹҵϡ޼乫̬ϾĿγ򵥵һ仰ͷ·һ㣬޷ҡ
ɣ־ĳԣ־ǿ˼㣬κ޷Ӱ쵽˫齣ȵķϻֻҸӿ㡣
ãܺãǵһôԱ˵ˣƾ仰ӾҪãܡ޼乫һӺ˫ſγһ޴ĺӰһ㣬ৣϯǧ
ǣ
һֻһǧоͱƽ⡣
ৣ
׽־ӳ౾Դ壬治ȼգǿȷ齣һնױԴۣХǧɵ׶ɫն޼乫š
ȶԱӶ֣޼乫Ӻȵ
ո£˫趯̬ͷ·赸һ㣬ָȴǷ·ָָָɱĴɱ֮ʩչ޾Ļϯ
ۣ
Ǵ֮ƣնͱ
ɣ
޼乫ɽɱӣͨͨ죬һѹ򳽻ԡ


1102 ս޼乫
롣
ԴбԴתɫɫɫɫɫɫ⻷𣬺Хɣأ񷣬ζǳ
⻹δ̴߶֮׻ȸ䣬Ĵ޳֣ռݶϱķԳΪģγǿն춯֮Яѹ
֮ҲԣӵĶ·ǳ֮֮㳽֮Ҷ޼乫֬Ƥǣ赸̬ȴ̺
ݣݣݣݣ
ľֻ֣ǧǳ¶䣬ƻһ㣬ɽݽߡԭһţûȥǵ
Ƕǳָ
ۣ
ննָ֮£ʧȥĹʣʧȥĿݲݣɢ
ʲôԴ󾪡
֪ӵ˰ɣܺ°ɣԣ޼乫ӹЦ£״أӳԣһ߸ϵ˵ûõģһжûõģھɥ֮ʱ
ˣ˶󺧡
޼乫̫ˡ
Ѿע⳽ֻͽѡ
ܹ޼乫ӵ£Ҳҡ
ǼǼ
ħЦ׷ס
ذεŭ
ô죿Ľµĵ

ûµģûµġħ
أأأأ
ıը쳹أֻ޼乫֮Ʊƽԣ
ԪԴһ齣ն£ռ䣬ٻ޼乫ӵٶȣ౾Դתн¡׽¡ռ佣£նֿ޼乫ӡ
ҵĶǳָ֮£㻹뷴ûõģİţڱӵָ°ɡ޼乫ʮָָ⺣һϯǳ֮Ͷֱ֮컯޷ֵ
̩ɽѹࡢ޷޼乫ӵĹƣ֮ͱơ
ɶҾͲţལ£ĿȻ罣ն£ƽ޼乫ӡ
ڤ粻顣޼乫ȵ
飡
һ죬ལ֮һѹ޼乫ӽǳ֮֮ںϣҲ޷һ˵ʲô
һ
ңؽޣֻʣңһơĿ罣ֱ޼乫ӣ·齣齣ֱ˴ˣݺһۣ޼乫ӵĹƶʱ߽⡣
ʲôֵ޼乫ӳ˾ˣܿ͸ı̬ɭȻ㾹ȻҵĶǳָܺãΪӾһʽʹشˣƻİָɱ
ˣ
ڳٴѹͬʱһɲɣϡ޼乫ϴ
һʱ䣬ذ˷ʮأѹÿһɣÿһռ䣬࣬޷ֵͺϵ£ΨҶһ㡣
ۣ
գ۹򣬳Եһͱƿصһʵʵİһָ⣬𣬱˳ȥ
㻹ӣ޼乫Ŀ¶ɱΣ˵ܹѱӱƵһˣҪΪ˸Ĵۡ˵գ޼乫ƥıƽԡ
Ԫ
ڴͷ̻۾־޼乫ӵľռ䡣
ʱһˡ
ԣ֪һУʧˣӵо֮빥ҵľ硣޼乫ӹЦһСģӳԣϷ֮⣬˵㻹Ҫ𣿡
ôסΣѹڷڵѪۣ˫ĿɢȦʩչλñ䡣
һ֮µģϧӲ޼乫ӶڳԵͨѾָƣʮϤ̾Ӧ֮Ȼ˫ĿС
ԵλñҲˡ
Ȼˡħɱɫδйˣ֮޼乫ӵľ
Ǿûõģãǡħ޼乫ӱ˫Ŀ޹ˣκ¶޷Ӱ쵽ľһ̣̾ɫ䣬˵
һȣϲŭ塢ɫòϸҳ֣޼乫ӣҾͲûûκ룿
޼乫ŭ񣬵ܿ侲ɭȻ˵ΪƾħͿԶԸʹشˣʮͨʮλĴии
ۣ
ɲǣһйΪΣɱԡ
ħְɣǰڰɣԷǿҵľ񲨶һƬڰ罵٣ӵа޼乫ӵľ硣
иии޼乫Ӵ𣬡ħħô
޷ħֽˣСħ׼𣿺ܺãﱾħЦˡڳԲħ֮ʱ޷ħٴγˣźۣģֻ¶һ˫ڡɲ˫Ŀ
ħ޼乫궼ڲ
ħСӣɣ汾ħɡ޷ħЦе
޷죿ҲǴһҲʩչħȴħû뵽γֵħȻ޷ħ𣬺Ȼͨħǿ󣬹֣֪ͨˡ
޼乫Ӵڰ޷ħħ֮²˻𣬡ʲôħҶԸӣ͸ɣҸ֮²ɣ


1103 а¹ӵʵ
ˣ
ʱһĨɫ޼乫ӵľһɫΡ
һɿԽɫӰϴ
ڴܵ
ۣ
㾹Ȼĵƣ޷˻һɫӰһһġ
ʲôԴ󾪣û뵽и޼乫ӵĵƣĵĸġ
ȻֻܶһΣ޷ʧǽɫӰҲ֮ʧˡ
ɶⱰ΢壬㣬ҸӵĵҲĵҪΪ˷ۣи޼乫Ȼ񣬴һٴιԡ
ߣ޼乫ӿ㻹ûзƣڵѾǿ֮ĩɱңֱǲ֪νһһֱ޼乫ӵҪޱɶ񣬼ȻˣҾʩչһδħεֵ
䣬仹𣿡޼乫һ⻰ʱ񵨺ԣҳ޷㣬Ҳɱҡ
ðɡ˵
ৣ
޼乫¸̨Ļصħ֮С
ʲô
ȫȻˡ
ħһˣһҲˣ
޼乫ӾȻ䣿
үûиҿЦɣ˶ţһǸ߸ϣ˭Ҳ޼乫ӾȻڳǰˣ
ںܳʱ˶޷֡
޼乫ӣӡǻꡢСʥӵûһԾȣݣǵһʱѡţǰһĻȴǲòţֱǾ춯ذ
޼乫ˣľʥӵˣԼеħĲţǲԸȥţԼĿе콾ۣħ콾֮׵޼乫ӻ䣬ĶȻһڵ塣
ͺүǿһЦһ㡣
ӮˣĽ
šذεҲţԾȻħʮ콾֮׵޼乫ӣֱǲ˼飬Ȼˣȭ˵Ҿ˵ǲġ
˼顣Ľµ
ò˼Ĳֹһˣи࣬ҲһλĿɴԾǲţȻ޼乫ӣ
šħͷ
ˣܺãˡа¹Ŀ˳һۣվĿһ߳
ܺãҲʧ򳽻˵
ҲɡԵ
һһս˭ħһĵһˡ
ৣ
һ˸̨ϡ
ʱа¹Ѿվ̨ϡ
һսһҲǰ
һԾڲĶԾˡѺЦ
а¹ȻʵȴĶ֣һֻ볽ԶԾǻ
̫ˣû뵽ħһĵһ˺͵ڶ˶壬ǵ־ӴЦ
δءʱһƮȻ
Уں˵ЩʲôӺȵ
ӷСɮֻ˵а¹ӲǴôвǻУִƣҲʮֲȡίķʽ˵
ߣһӮˣһоͲҪԻڡѺߵ
ӷ𡣡˫ֺʮ
ˣӵ˶Ǻһ
ϣа¹ܹǴһЩ֮ϲľ
ûõģѵΪĶ֣Ц
ǰľ̾
һۣĿ䵽˴̨ʱδ˵޼乫ϣ߿˶һۣ˵Դ˴ħڣлһҪɱɳֻħĴ󻼡
˶٣˵а¹ӣеаţǴϲ
šľ˶ͷĿ˸̨ϡ
Żͷڣ񣬷콾а¹ӣƴݣĵа¹ӣ˿̲䣬ѵ뱾һսɣ
׳աа¹Ц
ܺãҪ
¹˭δ֪սɣа¹ӺЦ˵Խܡ
ôңܺãҾͲˡһЦ˫ֿտգȻһգ𣬷·һһɢǿƥ
ȭ
ʵȭ
ķȭ
һϡΰ󣬾£ΪΪʣΪΪƿӿ·ۻʡףһ㣬Яƽа¹ӡ
ȭҲң̫߿Լˡа¹ӵһڰӿ֣ͷϿգҲһͷ·Ǻڰ֮֮һйɢ
ڰ
׹Ǵ𷨣
Х
ȭƫͳеѹа¹ӵƷƫĺڰһ棬ӵĲпᡢ꣬һ⣬ͨǿԿƾУһа¹˵˵ˣ̫߹Լˡ
𣿡Цδҡ
ߣԼ֪ҵõʲôҾҪ֪ҵʵа¹˵ҵĻʼƷĩƷڰѡڰ𡢺ڰĩգɱδ䣬ʱֻ޾ӡɳǵһ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ӡգÿһӡ˺ڰ·ǳһ羪κˣϲ
а¹ӣҲ߹Լһ̤նȭӿ֣ΪΪʣΰ֮أʱ˵ӰͽһԶԶȥͬһڰ֮ɽһɽײ춯ء
а¹ӾȻôǿ


1104 Ȼ
һĻʱ岻һ
ôܣӵ˶ЩţĿ䵽˻ϣֻǺЦ
ã
ħһǾԵһڶֱħĳ裬Ƕϣа¹ܹǴһ˿ϣֻ֮һϣ
ľһۣ޼乫˵
š޼乫ӵͷ
ء
纣Хɽɽ緢ضɽҡһ㣬ϯذ˷а¹˵Ӱ˿ɫ˵ãܺãɱδ䣬ˣһɽϯȥ
ʩչ𣿺ܺãҲˣʧڰ٣ڰʾϰɣа¹ӳХһ̧ƣһ£ޱȣ죬¡¡ʱɫ䣬ڰ١
ʮͨʮλĴڰ
ڰԭǵõ޴Ļ޹ֺһս
ڰԾ֪ǿ
̫ˣû뵽а¹ӲĴڡ
ħ廹з̵Ļᡣ
循ȣ𺳣ħȴǴϲϣа¹ܹ
ԭǴڰ˵
͡
̨ϣڰ֯ײʱ޾ͷƤ顣
һжҽа¹ӣҿôֵϴ߹ɴƽа¹ӣ
ǾͿ˭ǿа¹Ӻڰ٣𣡡
˶콾ʮͨʵ൱˭Ҳκβ˭ȴһֳʤսһʤĹؼ־ˡ
ս֣˿˷ڡ
а¹ӣõڰҲһκβսϣԽսԽ£һķˮƻսʤ
ǺǺǺǣôа¹ӷЦ˵
ЦʲôһͻһԤС
Ц̫ˣٰɣа¹Цһʱ˫ǵصϯһɾ޴Ͽֶ£أرըռһй޷ֹ
ΡɽѹϣҽһһѪʮɷ֮ͨУڶʮλ㾹Ȼִͨôܣ
֪ô̫ˡа¹ӹЦ£˵Ҳн찡
ءһ
ڴʹڰ˫£Ĵ̱ȣ߷һ㵹ɳȥѪ磬еҲİ
䣡䣡䣡
а¹ӵˣٴѹ𣬹춯Ѫ
㻹𣿡а¹Ц
롣˫Ŀ죬ҪֱʹڰϯѪң䣬ˣȥԸˡ
ܺãɣа¹ǵ֮ɫܹ콾֮Լ䣬ĵõ˼㣬ţָˣҲԴΪʲôɱܼ򵥣а¹ҲǺ޼乫һӵܸĵơ
а¹ӣһݣҲʹ˰ݵġºݻͬһ㣬Ӵ˸̨

ʱħ廩Ȼ
ÿһ˶ɴ۾ֱǲŵĿһкͶ䣬ǸѪ˺ۣɫ԰ףò˻а¹ӿ䣿޼乫Ӱܸһ㣬ҲоүǿһЦ
ˣӡѺ͵˶סˣû뵽еԤԾȻˡ
ȻˣĽҲԾУ磬һ̳û뵽ȴܸħ֮еа¹޼乫ӶȲϵħꡣ
ֽԴˣñ򡣡ذεЦ
岻ͬǣħǻڣ˷ܵ˼㣬ԭǷϵһͬһǿļ
ӮˣӮˣϲ
šħͷüͷ壬Ϊġ
ľһħ콾Ĭа¹ӵĿⶼޱȣΨ޼乫˿⣬ЦϣܹܳԣΪħõһ
ǿа¹ӵ
ţ޼乫ӵû뵽а¹ӻô˵ʮɻ
ǰһս£һȫһսġа¹ӿ򳽻ԣ˫΢˵
ԭˡ޼乫ӵȻ飬ȴ𾪣һʼԼ˾Сԡ
ˣ
һĺĳӵ𣬴ͨ˵ܺãѾǰˣĳħа£˽һĶԾһʱС⣬ħ޼ıԡ
¡
ǧ֮⣬һ̨
ͬʱУ޼乫ˣҲҪǰʮıᡣ
һʱܿ͹ȥˡ
ˣ
а¹ӵıԿʼˡ
һߣ޼乫˵ıҲʼС
˻ǹעа¹ӵıԣϾغ˭ǵһ
ৣ
ৣ
һۣԺа¹Ӷͬʱ羪һ˸̨ӣа¹һ£ͷڣվһа֮ɢһĨЦ⣬˵ԣȻûʧߵһҽδĶԾ
ҲҳһĿ罣ʻֺ꣬費Ȼ
ǺǣһΣûܹҶˣɣҿǿҸǿа¹Ӵһӣսγһεͬɽһѹأһƥѹ򳽻ԡ
ˣ
һʣѩҫգྻһƬǳıը˲ɢ
ãһа¹Ӷˣڰ壬ͬһ򳽻ԡ


1105 սа¹
ͬһʱ̣Ҳһڱӭ˳ȥ

׹ڹײӹĵԽޱȣâɣϼأɲǣа¹Ӿսһƥϯ£׹âɣа¹ޱȣһȶͬһӿ಻
ʣһ۷Ծ˶йע
һ޼乫Ҳҽбԣݱ
֮ıԲϸ˵ҿа¹Ӷ˵ıԣָ֣ͨչֳۻҡ
Թ
ڰ򣡡
򣡡
֮򣡡
򣡡
а¹ĴڰںϣʮֵĿ£ֻ˳ԣ׹й򡢿ռ򡢲һϣԾռϷ硣
һĻ˾
ֹն
гɿռ䱾Դ󣬿ԲֵĹ߽ԷĹƣһǻʼѧȻͬն
ն
ն
ն
ԴҲǾףȻʼѧ٣ȫԿ͡սѹа¹ӣаӳһĨҺڰ׹Ǵ𷨡Хĩѡ
ںʱ֮ڣа¹ӽԼͨ˳ȥ塢׺ݵϢɢǵصѹ򳽻ԡ
ʱ𲻾ڶıը
ԣͨĽκβҵģóĵɡа¹Ӻͬһħ򳽻ԣΡɽһħԪݺײ
Ԫ
ʽһ䣬Դռ䡣
ءһ
ֻа¹ײ˽ռϣ𿦿֮ռ·Ҫѿ
ৣ
Դ֮ܣЯ齣罣Խɿռ䣬а¹ǰ齣̳֮ལ£һﶼ࣬湲棬ﲻ棬һж㡣
飡
һ죬а¹ӵ˳ȥ
һ˵ħأҼʶһ´ħɣ˵գ˫սȭȭǺڰȭ϶´£֮𣬡ҽѹ
¡
Ͽնʱһ·Ǧһ㣬ͺһɽͷϿգ֮ѹ¡
ৣ
齣¶Դռ䣬һ죬ռ顣
ԣʮɷ֮ͨһڶʮλͨһ޾˵֮Уһʽ֪ͨѹ˶̩̹ˣֵܹģа¹ӿЦ

ʱɫһѹ£𶯣ĦŤˡ
𣡡
Դ𣬷ֿ
ۣ
ֻ̫ˣȥ˫ͬǦһ㣬ѪȾ˺ɫǴ˻ʼףѾȫѪˣˣҲܡ
ɺ޵Ļʼסа¹Ӽˣɫһ˵Լ֪ҲãҾ֪ʮɷͨΰ˵գХһħԪϯӳִ
ءһ
ֻԵϥأʯ嶼ѿˡ
̫ǿˣǳǸӲǻˣǵñѹɷ۴ⲻɡ
⣬˾޴ѹҲó޷ȫĵĻ۾뽣־
ԣ֪ҵ˰ɣа¹ӴЦ
а¹䣡
ʱħ𣺡а¹䣬ܳСӣ
ɱҪɱ
ħҪа¹ɱԡ
֮󣿡Ӿ
ѵûеôǿСʥӵ
֪ʧѡҡͷ˵
ԣذε
ôĽµǵ
ɶ񡣡ħȭ
а¹ӹȻǿ˳ħһۣ˵ϣû¡
һħȭ³
ۣۣۣۣ
Ե״̬ȴǲѣѹ£޾ѹϣʱëѪ⣬Ѫ죬һ飬͹һ飬ͺоʯڳһ㣬޴ʹ˻
ȫĹĦ춯˵ĶͷƤ飬еĿ
ԣɣҿԿһа¹ӹЦ
а£̫߹ԼˡЦҪл㣬Ľʡ˵꣬ԴһʣƣɾĽʣ
ءһ
ʱһǿޱȵԳ
¡¡
һ̣վ𣬴һ齣նɽ̶ƣ
أ
һ죬жȥ˳ȥԿа¹ӣ˵ֻǽС֮ҪԸңг֮ųɣûˣħɱ
ɶ񣬴ڰѹа¹Ӻе
ˣ
ˣ
һǾ񹥻һʹǿƥֻǳԵͻĽף̬Ͷ֮䶼˱ըԵֱξޣϾΪԽߣԽѽ־߲ΣǡǡǳԵڡ
أ
԰һǣ˳ȥ
ֻа¹ȴ⵽ħĹɴԣѾ̹Ĵħˣƾһʽ޷Ըҡ־ʮּᶨɶҡ̲ħ֡
ԭͲ㿿ħ㡣˵
ơа¹ɫһ䣬õԤУ߹

ޣޱϲ̧𣬴а¹ӣһɿµϯа¹ӵϣʱ͵
ۣ
ʱа¹һѪػһ㵹ɳȥ


1106 ͨ
ħ

ʽͨҪɱа¹ӡ
أ
а¹ӱñˣ˺ۣѪ磬˻ɱң֮䣬óţҪӳȥ
ڳΡһ۾ʩչ˲ྫ֮а¹ӵľ硣

ʱҽһ޻һ
ৣ
齣ն£а¹ӱһѪѪ䡣
а¹ˣ
ৣ
һֻ̨̣гһվ紵졣
Уͬһ°ı֮䡣
Բǧɣ˲䰲
а¹ôأܣ
찡Ȼɱа¹ӣ
ѵҪ𲻳ɣ
һɲǣħ˻𣬿̨ϵӰĿжɱ
Դˣֻһƽ
һ޼乫ӵıҲѾˣ޼乫ʤԭǵģΪа¹ŵ˵ڶҲŵʮҲʱˡ
һħһ۷Ծǰԡ޼乫ӡʮѺ͡ӡɭСʥӡܾӡǻ꣬˵ħһͿء
ˣ
һ죬ͨ˵ЦܺãǰʮѡѾˣϷҲöԸԼĳŵˣԣϲ˵һǰܽɡ
лǰ
ĽĿ⣬ԼһħɱȻĿУǰ
ʮƷʮƷࡢ࣬ۼһۼѧһףһšͨЦǺǵĵ
Ѿ֪õʱ򣬳Ҳ鲻Խ
ʮƷʮƷⲻȱʯ״һԣˡ
ۼһֱ޼֮
еۼѧֱһơ
ȻˣܹڴͻɵĻʣ޼֮ŵ磬ܹһ춯صɱ¾籩Ƿŵеλ棬Ҳܿ
ƥˣ˵Ŀ⣬ͳͳսС
޼乫ӡҲǰȡ
ˣԾ͵˽ˣϷǵı֡ͨ˵һʱ̫ſռ棬ڻĸʱ䣬ϷҪһᱦĻᡣ
ԣ˶Ƶա
һƬհףͨ˵ǴϷģ˵̤Ϸ̤ͨһоŲ㣬ڵһ㣬滹а˲㣬ֻҪȥͿԻӦĽ
˻һ˷ڡ
ܸǲǣͨ˵ǸӸ˵ģǾ˭ܹھŲͨͿԵõϷĴУɣСһǣһ˾ܵĴУǶ𣿡
ǰ𣿡
δ䣬Ѱʡ
ȻϷѾ꣬ҲҵһߣһΪĴڣȻҲΪҴеˣֻǾͿû컯ˡͨ˵ˣ˵ôˣǷһ֮䡣
ˣ
£ֻǰһ䣬ֻԼѾվһޱȵĴ֮Уǰϰٸڡ
СһǣϷϣܹڵھŲȵһ
ʱϿմͨ˵
ͨ˵ĴУʵ̫ˣ˾ܰ
ǰܹõĴеĻǰ;޷ɾ˾ܣ컯һġ
ˣгԡ޼乫콾ڣôܵõǻôളһɣͨ˲˵ˣһ㣬ӦĽͨ˵Ĵˣ⽱ȴǿȡ
ϣҪ̫ѡ
۷׷ףһ˽ڡ
ԣҲȥԣذε
ȻԵͷ˵ˣʼȥɡ
ңذε˵УҸҪ֪齣Ҫ
һֻǱˮнԶԶȥõţοѾףҵϣòԡ˵
áذε
Ľݹأʵ
ҲҪԡĽµ
ǺãСİɡԵ
һħҲҪֻͨ볽˽ͨͬѡ
ߣ޼乫ӿųԣһڶ㡣
֮⣬Ҳ˳һۡ
ৣ
һƽӽڣԼֵһϣǰʮܣɻʱ򣬴ͨ˵ڶ㣬һյʱڣʮԼΪ൱ĿܣʮƷʼһʼ
һ䣬ǰʮܾ͸˹ɢڵϢ
ʮܣʮڣ
ڳ˵ֱ̫ˡ
ৣ
һһܣʮʱ䣬ʮ൱ڵĿܾ˵ϣһͭһƷ紵ɢˡ
ˣˣ
ųڳǰʮƷһʼ
ڶʮɣԲδóȻڶ㣬ĸʱ䣬ܳ㣬ۼףʼ齣֮УܹоȻ齣δγ飬ҲδɱȴǱȴǰˡ
˷һʱ䣬Կʼ׼
ʱȥԽۼϣŵ˵İ취ڴܶ˵
֮ʼ齣֮С
ˣ
齣Ϸʣһ֮ɢ
أ
һ齣ˣΪ
ã̫ˡԴϲ齣ܹоǿҵĸӦô˽ʩչҲˡ


1107 쾧
Ϣһʱ䣬Խ㡣
ͨƾŲ㣬ռ伫ܹ޾ˣͨһߵȼҲʥȻֻǲ룬ȴоųɰա
ˣ
Ծ͸оһǿĽ־ҲǶףȴĶ׽־ǿһЩպѹסԡ
㣬־Ŀ飬ֻҪܹսʤԼ־Ϳͨأһ׻ʼѧһʼסͨ˵
ʧ鿪ʼ
أ
ʱԾ͸оԼĽ־ܵ˼ѹƣȻֻһȴãɫһףһҧȥ־ıƴӼգв־߱ҲΪ
ΪܹǿҪԭ־֧ţ־ɥʧˣ̸ʲôǿ
ɣ
Ҳˡ
ϻİ£۽ҲǴ󿪣ֵõļ䣬˽ˣ֪һϣ־Ҫԣһֱʮ
ңҲǿ飬γһ־ķ
ֻҪսʤͿ־ͬٵһֻҪܹʮ֮˾ܹͻ׽־
ǣԽһֿ顣
ԵĽ־Ϊףͬһһ㣬ԼʤһĽƴ
һʼ־ѹƳԵĽ־޷赲ͷ·һɽѹԼͷ
ָоʮֵѹ֣鶼ܵӰ졣
߲𣬽
۲䣡η޾壡һǰȵȣڽߵƷʣԵĽ־Ҳǲɵֵʯ뵽Լϼ縺Σ͸Ӳҷˡ

һ仺̣ͬﳤɸ¥һ㣬񳽻ֻ˵һ
ĥϴ
컰˵ĺãĥ³÷ӿຮһ߳ĽͣǴĥ֮߳ģǰ۷彣־ڳ˵һĥ
ǿ㡢֮Ժ㣡
Щ־ڳǧգҲԶҡǣҲǳܹħĸԭ
һϣԲ˵һ֮еĵһˣǸ̳
ʣ
ʣ
ʣ
ԵĽ־ڲϷӭѶϣûκοѿֹһѵ
۷彣־ĥ£ܹĸоԼĽ־ĳɳһһΣȻٳɶ࣬ˮʯĵһ㣬н⽣־һ졣
һ仺Ĺ̡
ġ
ʱţȴоʱţ֪޾
䣡
ڣԷ⽣־ѹȣĽ־Ҳ֮ͻס

ͨ˵ϲ㴳˵㣬ûʼѧһףʼס

ųڳǰ
áԴϲǺҪģԽԽãҲԽ齣ĵȼ
ʼ巽ʾʼ齣С
оԼͻֻһ֮ңˡ
󣬳ԽĲ㡣
ڶ͵㲻ͬĲһƬ޾գǳң¸诣ǧԣƮƮ죬¹赸һ㡣
һƬգףϿҲһƬ磬ޱ޼ʡ
ԱֱվУԲ

һ죬ͨ˵Ĳ㣬ڿܣԵ쾧
쾧б貹âŵر֮Уоʯ̺˴ͬ½ϵĿռ侧һ㣬һ۳壬ھʯ֮ϣ쾧ǱȾʯʮı˵ֱ޼֮
ֻ쾧ʮֺ͵쾧Ψе͸ߵ磬ˣһ쾧еҲģڸߵ磬쾧ȻһЩҲ֮ͨ
ԣ쾧ȵıŵ磬ͬһ㣬ںôȴǱΪΨڴܲſʹãʹ쾧ֻҪﵽɡ
Щļжصʮ
쾧֣֮ľǽľˮ쾧Ȼ쾧Ϊ쾧ˣȻ쾧쾧ǼѵõûдԵ֮Ե֮
֮Уߵõһö쾧ǼֱǾ޴ԵôһԴĻʡ
㱾ѾԴĻõ쾧Ҳһ磬
е޷
һԾͼ֡
бԴױԴںϣֻСܹ֮õһö쾧һö쾧ĻҲܹںϱԴг֮һնͷնȻԼʵҲǿ
һҪõ
һ˲䣬Ծ¶˾ġ
ȻսҲǾ޴ģϾҪһڿܰ
¡
£ǰǧɿռʱһһɿ񱩵ޱȣһɸߴţͷħ˳ǰֳꪣƣѪʣɢŻζ
ţͷħܣͬһһ£ںһʣԩ˻𣬺ɲǳϺȻڵ

һʱкںͬһ㣬趯ǧԩХצ˳
ɫһɫȻһץХ齣ֶʱһϯֻһǧԶԶȥͺһ潣ֶȥ䵽ԩϣʱһ֮
һĲҽͷƤ飬Ӥһ㡣


1108 սͻ
䣡
ţͷħһ˫ɫͫͬһԺɫɺޱȣûǿҵеꪺȻǻʼƻǿң趯磬⻡Х쳣
лӶ֮ǣа֮ޣͬɽ򳽻ԣأ֮ռ䱬ը顣
ৣ
ܵţͷħ˵Ŀ£Ըı佣ʽ౾Դãӳ治չȼգƹŶ̻ãһ˴ϣʱһɾڳϣֱ۾

ʱԵ˳ȥ
ţͷħޱ飬ɫۿţͬһ㣬һķռ䶼˹
ǿڵʵ𣿲ţͷħӦڣΪˣû˼޷Ƚϡ𺳣ս߰˵Ҳãҽվͽţͷħ˵ͻڣ
ৣ
֮Դڽ𣬳ԾͬһƷһƽţͷħˣ齣֮ս
ܣһôʹǿȱݾȱԣȴҲһŵ㣬Ϊ壬ûо꣬޷ʩչһռŵľǰȫû֮ˡ
ҲãΪѾסţͷħ˵ѹһͻڡ
һϵеĴս棬óڵԪޱȵľ⣬񣬼ϴ齣ҲľԪĿơ
⣬ԵĽ־ʶﵽףҲһأ洦һóԴﵽ۷壬ֻҪһͿͻڡ
ǰţͷħ˾
ޣԹƣͬ޵еĳƺţֻ˺棬ԽԴﵽ۷֮ÿһͻƣҪϼ֣ͻƺĺôҲԶ׼ġ
ս
ԴսţͷħˣᣬҲĥ׻ʼ½Խ
⣬һ׽ǵۼʮŵǬ
ǰ󽣾ΪԵɱУʮŵǬǳԵһƣֻ׽̫ˣ³һʱҲֻǸֶѣҪƿءʩչ»Ҫʱ䡣
ֻҪԼͻڣʮŵǬѶȽС
ҲΪҪͻڵԭ
ȻҲΪҪǿԼʵŲͨȥһͨ˵ĴС
Ҫ֪˾ܵĴа
ذεõ䴫УȴǲҲֻ൱һǿܴжѣͨλ˾ܵĴУ˲֪ʮǧ
һĻԱȥһ
ֻԼѰҵĻʣϾ֮ƶϣԷĴڣҪԪûǿʵΪвͨģвͻ־յ飬ԱСġ
£
н¡׽¡ռ佣¡ལʩչȥӲţͷħˣӶһ£óһ𣬶ȻֻǿܣĹȴǲ٣֮򡢻
㼤ҵĶս֮Уһֱ·磬гɲ౾Դ壬Ҳţͷħ޷κ
սһʱԾ͸оھɶ
ˣҪͻˡ
ѪڣսⰺȻη޾壬Ƿ켫Ľʩչȥֹն½Խ󽣾ҲԽĴ죬ʩչһﵽСֹ֮նֻһͿԴﵽг֮ˡ
ȻԱشջҲǾ޴ˣϾһǧѷĻᡣ
壬ûˣȻл᲻Ź
ս
սսսⳡսóʹ죬ʹ֣ͨճ֮
ˣˣˣ
֮ڣԪĵͬƽĴһ㣬һ˷籩һ˸߹һˣݣϳǲĤ
ʱԱ彣⣬潣ߣ罣ȫԪȼգѪṇ̀ڣ·ǳ˿̵ͬ緢Ļɽһ㣬̺˿ƶռ䵴ֲơ
䣡
ţͷħ˲֪ƣ룬ͬɱսʿߣѹȳԡ
ͬɽһѹ£
ɹʣ
ȻʧܣĿ¶Ұģ쳤Хͬ˳Ľƣɾڰɣ
أ
䣬֮緢ѿһ㣬һɿ񱩵⡣
ﵽڡ
أ
ǿɽһ㲻һıʮһ˲䣬ԵʮϢԨƺ罭һ㣬಻ûжϾļ
ﵽһס
ԭΪ̫ʵˣŸոͻڣѾﵽ۷زǿᵽûˡ
ڵʵҲһµĵزͨߣһͿɱͬ޼乫콾֮еٮٮߣҲҪʩչħʹͿԽɱ
񣬳Եʵսڡ
һͻƣʵţͷħ˶սξ˲Ϣתɽһ㽫ţͷħѹû˷
ֹն
ʼʩչ˫ӳгɿռ䱾ԴţͷħϣǿŶʱĽۣѵʯͷһ㡣
ţͷħ˵˳ȥ
Խ
羪콣â¶齣趯һϵΨҶΪΪϢɢͷ·ǽһ㣬أ͡Ե𳹶£䵽ţͷħϡ
ۣۣۣۣ
ʱţͷħ𣬼һ죬·ˡ
꣡
һ죬صһţͷħķѣɢ޾ǿ֮С


1109 쾧
Сһˣ֪ҪʲôԵ쾧ͨ˵
ԣһ㶡
쾧쾧̧ͷ˵
Ͽվͨ˵ЦǺǵƻСӣҪһ쾧ںԵ쾧԰
ǰǰû˵Ц
ҲգȻϷ˵˴˻һ쾧һŷ쾧ͨ˵

䣬һɫʵľʯһ׹Խ֯ľʯϿս£䵽ǰжʱ쾧
棬Ըоǿҵͷ
ţ쾧ʮսбԴͷױԴг֮
ʱͨ˵Сӣ쾧ʣһ飬ѡʲôԣ
ǰ֪쾧𣿡ԳĬƬ̣ʵ
˵ʲôСһںϷЦɣԽԡȻԡԵԷϵģ֮ͲܴԵ쾧ͨ˵
Щʧѡһռ쾧
ս쾧ǺǣСһҪǲˣⶼΪСһﲻԵʣϷﻹһռ쾧͸ˡͨЦǺǵ˵СһϷ򿴺㣬ϣܹھŲ㡣
лǰŬġԿƮĿռ쾧ʱϲ
쾧쾧ռ쾧ĴŲ˷ʱ뷨Կʼ쾧
쾧
쾧ڳǰɫɫɫɫɫɫ־巽ܹдſһԪס쾧ʱڵбԴͺ죬Ҫռ쾧

ȵĻϯԿʼ쾧
ɫʽ֯һγһĹʣ̻ҪѤãʮֵˣ쾧ɢǧйߣҫڳһһεûڣ͸Ѫ⡢дС
һ仺Ĺ̡
ģӦʱڵбԴ֮ͺڻһ㡣
Ҳͨճȣ죬ָоʮֵ쾧֮󣬾ͬһʱ䣬ʣͷӿͷԵ
һ⣬бԴޱȣˮԾţʮѸݣбԴҲһһεӣʱԾͬһˮһ㣬бԴˮһν
·ûʱĸӦ
ˣ
ͬһʱ䣬бԴﵽг֮
ȴ֪ҪбԴּ֮ˡ
ΪԵбԴСɵĵزȻѰ쾧Ҫͨ쾧бԴȴǼޱȣһö쾧ݵķǽбԴľˮһɡ
һбԴںϣ֮ˡ
쾧
һ֮󣬳Ŀտտԣ籦ʯһ㣬ɾγó˷쾧
ڴ֮ǰķ֮ԴСɣԴг֮ԷױԴҲֻСɣҪгɣͱҪ֮Դгɣֻǿûıأ޷˷쾧ȴǼȥֱ̣
쾧һԪͼ޾йϵ֣϶ɣ
һ볽ڣͼ˷֮ںϣë֮ɢ׹⣬ޱȡ
ÿһѪ⡢֮У˷֮Хγɼķ磬ױԴڳԵڹĵͬĺĳһ㣬һһεײ죬ס
һУóһҪ˺ѵĸоʮֵʹࡣ
оǿȻֻһһΣȴ޾ĺôԷ壬ҲӵǿͻĽʵʱ䣬еĺôԡ
֮;ͼأ޾裬вʹʵ΢Կ֧ȥҲԽǿԽ˶޹Ͼ
ɸ֣Ҳ
ҪΪһǿ󣬸Ҫʱĥ̵ļѡĥѵģ־ᶨ޿ɺ޿ɶҡ޿赲һѡᱻ忪
ҲΪһһߵ죡
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ڳڣͺǧХһ㣬޾׹֯һԴëڳ·ϴ塣
أ
һɺƴױԴгɡ
һж˳£ˮɡ
ǿռ䱾Դˣ
ڶ౾Դ֮Уռ䱾ԴΪģ벻౾Դһ㣬Դס֮ռ䱾ԴͻС֮֮󣬾ҲûгɣҲΪȱټĹϵ
񣬳Եõռ쾧ռ䱾Դг֮Ĵûᡣ
ûκԥϢΪ״̬º󣬳ԾͿʼռ쾧
ռ֮Уڼ֮һϾʱΪռΪԣһ㣬ʮħ֮Уûһռ߾ͿԿˡ
ܹ֮ռ䱾ԴΪ֮İ֮Ļ㳽ĻԵҲ޷ռ䱾Դ
֮ռòԣΪﵽһ߲֮󣬿ռҲԽԽ󣬵˽գܹӦǿУͨпռ䱾ԴĹͣһ㣬ݺӡ
ռѣ͸ѣĻѾռ䱾Դг֮ˡ
ҪԵ
ԵҲҪСɿռ䱾Դгɡ


1110 
ۡһ
ֻռ쾧飬Ϊǧ˿ƣ볽Ե壬ʱһŰɵڳܣһ֮С
ܣķռҲƣˮһ㵴
ͬʱҲоı仯·ռΪһ壬ڵĿռ䱾Դڿռ쾧£ҲǻԪٶҲӿݡ
ʱ仺š
·ռ֮Уڿռ䱾Դ·Ϊһ壬ĸڣ
ȻСɿռ䱾ԴͻƵг֮
ˣ
һ˲䣬һǿҵĿռ䲨Գϴ޾
гɿռ䱾Դ
˫ۣۿɢŰɵĹʮ䣬鲻ԽУ¶ϲã˫һգʱռ䱾Դӿܹогɿռ䱾ԴΪʩչѧ
˴˿̣ҲѾбԴױԴռ䱾Դг֮
ȻΪδߣʵȴˣͨڣһʩչɱеĻ콾ԳԣҲǾһ

վʱһƬռ䲨ƣ¶ϲãޱȣ˵ܺãҵϾŲͨĻˣҾʹ㡣
ৡһ£
ֻԽͨ
ֻһһ£Ȼһ޴ʯ̨֮ϣܱش˾Ÿʯ޴ޱȣʯư硣
ϲأһصĹǴͬʱڵϵߣʮɷ֮ͨһʮλĴͨ˵
һû뵽һصĽǵɷͨһǴ֮ͨ
֪ʮͨʮɷͨϸ˵޸ߵ֣֮֮ôֻ֣Ϊͨǰ浮֮ʹڣΪЧõĻֻض£ռơ
ʼɡ
ͨ˵£ڳǰͳһӰȻħ콾
ԣɫһһ˿ɵ֮ɫ
û뵽ҵĶ㣿΢΢һЦ˵Ǵأһս
䣿ֻһ㶣˵룬ԣȻʵǿ󣬵֮ǰҵõ˻Ե㲻һܹңһսɣ
áԵͷ
ˣ
ҲһʦһǾѧʥ
һ
ľ磬۳һֻʸ򳽻Եľ磬Ҳ˳ԣҲǾʦͿ˭ľǿ󡣡
ҾҪ㣬Ҿһô޴⣬ҲãΪҵĥʯͻ֮ʵɣվʯƷ񽣳ϡ
ʲôͻˣʱ󾪵
ˣ
˲䣬Ѿʩչ˷׾֮һ죬ʸ飬ҡ˵֮䣬ָ̽ţ򳽻ץ
ѧɢצ
һצץһֱץУɢʹʵǾ񹥻
ħ콾֮н޼乫ӵĴڣǿʹǿҲΪҲﵽ۷壬ڸոͻڵ˵һ鲻ĥʯ
̫ˡֻص͹˳ԵʵΪͻڣʵʮбԴױԴռ䱾ԴгɣʩչĽǹʮ㣬ҲԵֵ
ڽֵɲǣʮغ֮·硣
ɶ񣬿ҵѪ׶ޱȣԼħ콾һ֮У޼乫ӵĴڣڳȴֵʵûУֱǿҵĶĨɱˣַŭ޷ܡ
ˣ
ҧ⣬һѪһɰѪ֮ӿ޷֮
¡һ
ǰռһһ޴Ѫ׶۶ɢŻѪ֮񵨺ⲻ̺˼ǿľ񹥻Ӱ
ֹն
гɿռ䱾Դһã齣Ͳһɰɵ壬׽ռ䲨ǿңݵһһʱֻ콣ֶ£۵һѪ׶ϣصһһѪ
ɶ񣡡̨ϣб˼㡣
׽£
ױԴͻгɣʩչķ׽ҲǷۣ޷죬
أ
ӴѹϯϣѪħԪĶ˵һһɺƴɢȻΣ֮£ͻڣ񶾣һƴ׽ɢЦ˵
ԣҲ벻ɱңȴףͻڰɣ
üͷһ壬漴ɿ˵ŸȤ
ɶ̫ţ̫ˣΪ֮ǰǿ޷ģҾҪ㡣Ŀŭȼգղм׻ʼѧûʩչھĥҵѧ

һһɻɫϯһͷʮɸߵɫǳ˳ǰߴͣĿ˫Ŀǿһֵ֮У˵սˡ
ɫ˾óɫ
㺦˰ɣЦɱ
𣡡
ſѪڣʱһɻɫźڵһ㡣
أ
ռ䱬ըڣ޿ɵֵͷǵϣ˿񱩡
Բ塣
ৣ
ˣӭȥ罣ҷ貽⣬৵һ£ֻ齣߸ϿնǻɫţһѿЯ֮ǣʱɫ䣺ʲô
ն
ŷױԴתȻʩչ˷նСɷױԴʩչľ࣬ȴ֮𣬸ͬһУ絶罣ƥ罭ӣɽ


1111 ô
飡
ն֮ţ˫һֱ۵ֵצһԴڹҫɭȻ޷ֹһ۵һצ롣
һҲ˳ȥɫĿųԡ
վϣͻƵڣҵǰҲֻǴһ϶ѡɫп
ɶ񡣡ʱѾûеŭˣ˫ĿѪ죬Ϣ壬һͷǣпޱȣתħԪ纣ƿǣɽһѹ򳽻ԣҪɱ㳽ԣ
ʣ
ͬһʱ䣬ԽĽ𣬷·Ѿ쳣
½
ʩչ۷Ļʼ
˽һʩչʹһɾ졢ء˵ζͬʱһɹ¶ʣһһˣؽޣֻʣһһһ̹̹ؽη޾壬һǰơ
齣̳Զͬһ̳ȥ
ؾɱХ
ͬʱЯ٣ƽԣ˫ȭһ죬أһжҪɱζɢΨҶɱԣɱһС
ֻһΣҪʧˡ
͹˾½һӴܼǺӵĴ죬ռңϣһ죬ɣһɿֲĽӶۣĹ߽⡣
ۣҲһѪɳȥ
ɣ
Ƶᣬޱϲ齣䣬һ㣬նͷ­
ϲ˱Եʤõʮɷ֮ͨһĴͨ˵

ʱһֽ볽Եľ磬ѿٹ̡
ƽص˵ͨʼ˴˿̣Ϊ˻ͨ˵ĴУŹκһǿʵĻᡣ
һͨһʩչܹ𵽳ʤЧʤ
ͨҲǲںţɲ⡣
ŵ˵磬ûκһܹͨ
ԣҲԵһơ
һԾͨħʹ
õͨҲ֪ʮͨʮɷͨҲϣܹõһЩĴͨ
Ҳֻ֪Եǿġ
ֻҪ֣һҪúðס
ˣˣˣˣ
֮һתʱڳԵھ޷ХǺ纣Х˻֣֮ʮֵ¡
ڳԵĶܵӰ죬Ĥˣ·Ҫ˺ѿ
䣡
һھĺĳӣӴ羪κˣõĳ𶯣־ָо޷ζɲ⣬ʣʮǿ
һһʧ
Ǵ
ãããԿҶԵ֮ʱȡ䲻Чȣӣܾ˵
ɣԲδ嶯ֻһʱ乮̡
̤֮ϵ㡣

һ̣Գͨ㡣
ϲ˵㡣ͨ˵
ǰһҪʲôʵ
Լͨ˵㴳أǴһͬԼһͨһʶ򵥵˵һ㣬ֻҪͿͨأǻ־ļӳʮƷ
áԵͷԼһķʽ
¡
һ̨֣һ볽һģһҲ֣֮ϣҲ߱޾Ľ
ৣ
ϸ̨
һԼһ㶣ΪڶԷϣϢʣԼһ޶ûһʵ
Կʼͨ˵
ৣ
䣬ٳԶˡ
һ˲䣬ʱԽĽУȻҲһһģһ齣৵һ£һȻֹն
ȤԼоâһ罣һ˳ȥ齣һնҲֹն
ʱһƬ֮౦һ㡣
ն
ն
ն
ԻĽ⳽ԹȻҲᣬҲһľɱʩչͷĴ򳽻ԣһ˲䣬ԾȻ·硣
һԼѹƣǳû뵽ģͷĺʤ֮ҲǼնննʩչֵ⳽ԣ˻սһң㣬һĻĻһۻҡ

ڵ㣬޼乫ӴսһǿܣѾ·硣
ɶ񣡡˻Ŀ˵ҲܷһҪõͨ˵ĴУֻҲܸǿ£һõͨ˵ĴУʲô硢е磬Ǹߵ磬Ҳ޼乫Σ
޼乫ӵĿ˵ҲֻҲɱǳԡ
ˣ
ϣħƵԽԽǿ纣һһ˸߹һˡ
أ
ͻˡ
ã̫ˣڣ޼乫ӱǿˣҵţһҪ㸶شۡ޼乫ӰӣǺ֮ɫĿ綾ߵ䵽ǿϣ˵ڿ޼乫ǰš
ݣ
һָֻһָ޼乫Ӿȥ˻ǿܵķüĶصһĽ¡
ߡ޼乫һ
ϲ㣬˵أʮɷ֮ͨһġͨ˵

أ
̨ϣ⳽ԵӰ˿
ʱأüͷ壬һԼͷһθе֣ԼԼģᣬֱûκ޴
أ
һ˲䣬⳽սһš
ս쳣ҡ


1112 սͨˣ1
ıƴҲ޷κζԷΪԻģԷҲᡣ
ֱһս
ֻڳԾ߱౾ԴԴԴϣҲԼҲ
ʱţٻغϣһǧغϡ
ս֮УԶԼȱҲԽԽ˽⣬ԼսУԼĽԽԽ
ȻҲ˶ԸԼİ취
ֻҪʱ䣡
ʱ仺š
ռ䱾Դ벻౾ԴڹĶһһɵųâڳԵڡ
ĽھָĶԵ֮һһ۵һֳһһεģ⡣
ڣһʽڳԾΡ
ռ䱾Դ벻౾Դںϣͬʱãһâһ㣬һߴ˳ȥһ̳ռ䵴ټȴһﲻࡢϢۺһ𣬶ʱ⳽ԵĽ⡣
أ
һ֮У⳽԰˳ȥ
ն
һʽµĽԴ˳ƽ⳽ԣδӦ˲䣬塣
꣡
⳽Աɱ
սʤԼⶼΪԴһʽµĽ⳽ûУͨһȡȻԷ
ϲͨ˵㣬ý־ļӳɺʮƷͨ˵
δ䣬һϿնû볽Ծ磬ʱо׽־ͻƵĽףʮƷҲһʴջ
߲㣡
ৣ

Сһϲ㣬Ϊ߲ˡͨ˵Ͽ
ұѾԼˣû뵽ҵǰ棬˭أ΢ʣʵǰ߲Ĺʲô
ܼ򵥣Ϸ򡣡ͨ˵
δ䣬߲ռһ仯Ȼվһ̨ϣǰ߳һ°׷ĲӰ߰߿һ֮Уһ˫˲ɶӡ
ͨˣ
Լǰһ˵ǰͨϵĶ֡
ǺǣģϷͬľһսͨ˵䣬Ϸеٮٮߣ콾һĴڣǿĶ֣ҪϷĴУͱǴϷ˵Ϸǿ
͵ˡɫ
ãˬ죬ϷϲĺͨЦ
ˣ
ʱͨɢһϢȻڡ
ӴϣȻͬΪȴ˿иҪ֪ͨǰĴڣǸʱǿ߱콾ݺᣬܹͨɧƲô׶Ըġ
ԲҴ⣬˵ǰ룡
СӣɡͨЦ
ৣ
һ£Դ齣罣һʩչ˫
һʽֹն
ýСһ֮ͣͬУܹ˵ȽĴڣָϷƷҲǷͬ죬ҪСˡͨȫһǰָֺ̬㳽һ
ȽϷһ貨ƣһʽѧͨ˵
δ䣬ͨѾ߳߳뵴ɣ·ˣֹݡ
һʽѧͨͨ˵ַʩչȴóԲһʩչʼѧĸоһһʽһǼ򵥵豹棬ˣ֪Ǵ֮
ͨ˽Ϊѹڣľ顢ʶ˾֮ױȵġ
Ȼ֣֮սдȴĶ࣬߶Ծ򲻵ģеĺôԣôࡣ
ৣ
ԵĽҲԽĴ죬һһʽӵĽ֮ͨǰԼսĥѾü򵥵࣬һЩɴ⡣
һԾȴ·硣
ڽ־ʷ棬Ľ׽־ʣ˵֮ͬУѾǿǰĴڣͨ˵Ƶ־ʣȴǴﵽĽ׵ˮ׼δҲ̫˰ɣ
оȡ
΢ϸ룬ҲˣͨǰĴܣǸʱ콾Ȼͬһ֮еƥ˫ʩչƷǿ·ǳóԱѹ
ǽޣη޾壬ӭѶϣһǰڴţͷԼ֮󣬳Եĸǿ־Ӽֱ̣βơ
ͨ˽ѹƣҲһսף
Խ
һΪΪ࣬Ҳ࣬㣬ϵ£ǬʴӳɢϵĽ־Ũ񣬷ᶨͬһǧ˫һ̣÷â¶
ã
ͨһ֮¶֮ɫ˵ܹڶ̶ʱ֮ڽ׽һزȷʵŵϷǸʱҲ˵һŰͽϷһеߵǬ仯ƣ

磬ֲƷ磬ƣֲƣ˵̬ͨ꣬ƽͣһĳϢ޲һƷʩչȫʱضʱɫ䡣
һ˲䣬óԲһظ棬ΪأΪ죬ΪΪΪ磬ΪƣʱһУӦ֮ﶼߵһĸо
ԼҲ˾޴˱仯
·һޣһͨͨĴڣʵͨһ֮£
ȻߵǬ仯ƣ̺˿µʹ̺˿µľʮֵĿ¡
ɲ֮䣬Ծ˱档
仯һж仯ߵһжߵؽ棬ｫ𣬳Űɣͨ˴׹⣬һ򳽻ԣһжԵ
ʣ
Դͣе齣ȴǷ˾콣֮·ܿһֶ羪쳤һƿնԽգնͨˡ
ף飬˽Ȼ飿ͨһ仯˵԰˽ֻôܲ飿˵֮䣬ַͨȴǲĳһƣƹ嫣粨⡣


1113 սͨˣ2
Ҳһ˲䣬ϲ飿ڲˣ
齣²ֻڳԲʮ֮ãҪˣ˽彣ǧ֮ã䵽Уħ̫ſռ֮УʼУҲ
һʩչҲӡ
̫ˣ
Դϲ罣һӭȥ齣Զ䵽ϣӤһĺˣˡ
㻹ûְɣʵ
ûУ˴˵
ͽгɡ˵
ǣ齣֣볽ͬգ顣
齣Ӧл˴
ãҼʶһɡһܽ˳һµǵأԾͬһͷƣºˣ齣һ貣дȣʮŵǬ
һ׽Ͼǵۼ֮컯֮Ǭ
齣һ䣬ӿ֣ӳһǿĽչֶ˷ʮأǬ컯νնͨˡ
ܺãСһԽϷԾˣ㱾죬Լ̳ϷĴСͨ͵Ŀ˳һۣƽƽ˵
˵꣬ͨɣ̤գͷǿ磬˵Ϸܹ֮ʣɧ콾ΪһŴԵˣˣȻȴõ˫˻Ե䣬ҲǶǬˡ
ͨ˱ƽԣ˵һʮɷ֮ͨУλĴ

һһֹ⻷ͨͷƷ֮˫ֽʱ״һŷڶ𣬷·һ磬ûûûأΨзס
ǴĴ
һرã׻ۣ򳽻ԡ
ˣ
ʱڳڵķױԴ춯·ڿһ㣬ԾĴ
漴ԾͳĿŹâ˵ȻˣҲˣҵĲལ£
ৣ
޾಻İ׹֮Գڳ纣ƿգһ㣬һ𡢱˥ܶʧءɽӡǳ֮¶ࡣ
ǲĺ塣
ȻųԾѧļԲĸҲ֮ӣʩչҲȻǿ
ǡ
ͨڳڶħ콾ȶʱ򣬾Ѿעˣ֪δ֣в֪˲Ҳǲֻ֮Ҫû볽Խ֣޷֪ͨ˸дʱ
ǰȻʶ㣬ͨԵ
ࡢޣȻ鴫û뵽Ϸ֮󣬻ܹڶμ֮ͨɫ겻ѵ˵СһĻԵܹõǻԵ񣬴ܹ׻˰
ǰˡԵ
ܺãʸ̳ϷĴУϷʳԣϷ򡣡ͨ˳һۣ˵ֻеľ磬ܹ֪ı֮˾֮ܶ͡
ֻʮǰĴڶࡣ
֮ʱõԵ޳֮Լʶ½볽Խ֣ϲ
Ͳˡһ罣齣趯䣬滨ѩʲѣ罭гɲ౾ԴǼ޴ģŽǳ
´ǳҲǿԲ¡
ȻⲢ˵ֻΪͨ˽ѹڣҲֻС֮гɲལܹ֮ƥС
ҲΪˣͨ̾ѣƾ㣬ܹͨ
绢ƥ޴ѹ򳽻ԣ磬һƽ⡣

Ҳսв౾Դ塢ӳֽ֣մ
һ
ལվ޷ͨˣϢԪƽ飬ңޱϲͨ彣⣬徫޹Ͼһ壬ͷԻһһ
Ľͨ̾
ۣ
Ȼһƽˡ
áͨ̾һ˵СһϷԤϣټʶһϷʮɷ֮ͨһڰ˵Ĵ󽭺
ˡ
һ˲䣬ͨɫһޱϲ䣬˿룬趯Ʋ罭֮ˮ಻ǵصӡʱ󽭴ӹ֮ϲ
¡¡¡¡¡¡
ָоʮֵ˵ת²Ϣں֮Ѿ԰ס֮·Ѿ壬磬Ӱ콣־
󽭺תبŲϢɣ粻𣬽಻㣬һְҲһعʮ档
ӭóԸоһڲϢ
ȴиϵ
ԲҴ⣬ȫע
ˣ
౾Դӿ

ռ䱾Դ߹ġ
ʣ
ԴںԸ߾齣鳽Ҳ볽ϣչֳһ档
ǲնʩչף

ֻǳһɲǣԪſڣʱʩչ˴أһ˲֮䶼û·һжڣ齣˴֮¡
Ǵϣһڴ֮£ҪҪĤݡ


1114 սͨˣ3
ۣۣۣۣ
һ˲ڣɢͨ¶ɫ˳ȥ
ն
ڴʩչɲǣʯ֮䣬и߸齣նˣȻǲն
һ̺гɲ౾Դгɿռ䱾Դʮֿ¡
ⲻΪ֮һΪʱΪ𣬿ռΪԵʣڿռ֮£һҪΪ׳
ʲô
һ£ͨ˶ˡû˼ûпУϾʩչͬʮɷͨλĴɽ
ɽ
νɽˡ
һسĤݣ׳𣬸׳ݵڽɽ֮¡
֮ͬеľһ㣬ĳ񣬶Ҫݡ
Ǵɽ
ǽɽɽｭɽǰ˭Ҳ
ɽǴɽ֮УͨɸоԾ̳һû뵽ϾȻôͨ͵ɷͨ˾ܰ
֪ɽҴиսɸ߰˵ɽҪﳼ֮ԴпռʱΪ𣬿ռΪûʱ˭ÿռʱ֣Ҳ޷ÿռΪں˲˻˭棿
һ˲䣬սǣη޾壬齣ӭȥ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ɽҪвҪ⵽ѹѹǲռҲ⡣
ֻ߹ԼΪǲǿռΪΪκǳ
οǽޣ۲η޾壬ӭѶϣһսף
ս
ɽҪռȴӭ˷ͷѹںϣгԵĽ־Ǿ޵С
һ˲䣬ɽ·磡
ǲΰôͨȻʶȴδʱһ漴ҡͷ˵ں˿ռʵӲ
һ̣ͨ˶òٴ̾ԡ
ۣ
Ҳһ˲书򣬴ɽѹˡ
Զսͨˣ
󿪴ϣη޾壬ƺ·ȴмѭ
СһܲϷʶ֮⣬ϷƾֶΣܹǰͬһҲδ̫СϷˣϷʶһϷֶΡ
ͨ˵ܹһʽ˵һʸ̳ϷĴУ˵꣬ͨ£һɫն֣ԽԽգۼ˰֮ޣϿ򳽻ԡ
ʲôʮλʮͨԾ
ͨԴɫ˵Ϸ֮䣬һϹŴ֮ܶУ컯õģҲΪϷܹ콾Ⱥۣǳɾ˾Ҳеٮٮߣһ

һҪոߵ꣬ʧȥ꣬߾Ҫ
һУ˲
Ԫ
ڴͷ̴߶˾ͽ־Ĺһչռ䣬Ϊ֪ʩչΪУֻҪסͨ˵ľ磬ֹֻܱҲôһֻᡣ
ˣ
ʱռͨˡ
ͬʱҲʹ򳽻Եľ硣
Ľ׽־ʣҾ磬бԴױԴռ䱾Դ౾Դྫ֮ҵֵţԾһڷ죬̳ȥ
о֮׾֮ռ侫֮ྫ֮һĴ̺֮˾ŴԱԴںһ𣬵ֵ
Ҳǳڵʯ֮뵽ģ˵ҲǾ֮ҲǾͬĹӦԣôһֻᡣ
ˣˣˣˣ
Ȼڳͨ˵ľ繵֮ͨ䣬֮罬һ㣬ҳһţԶԼľһƬج޷˼֮С
ۣ
׾֮
ۣ
ռ侫֮ɢ
ۣ
о֮

ʮ֮ͨУʮλĴڣΰֻ֮Ҳ˼벻ྫ֮һ
ͬʱԪҲãͨ˵ľʧȥԴȪʱǧѷĻᣬ̼Ӵྫ֮صһɢˡ
ˣ
һΣԵľǿʩչ˴ħ
ħӰͨˡ
ǴħáͨͨΪֻڣҾ类Ԫסڶ֮ʧȥ˿ƣ̱ħӰ죬ħֻҪꡢ飬ʶǾܵħӰ졣
ã˴ʱȻŹԥ˴һһʹ˫£Բ޷ͨˡ
أ
뾫˫ãͨ⵽˴صһһںɫѪ嵹˳ȥɢ
ˣһ㶡
ˣ
ǰһͨˣЦ˵СһϲϷ򡣡
лǰԴϲ
ĻԵͨ˵ǽޣһɶĽߣϷͻ˾֮ʱõһԶŴʹ֮ϷƵ֮ޣͽ⽣գھͽɡ
ɻ
ৣͨ˺Цͷ˵ġ˵֮䣬һ⻷ʱֻĿڱʹϡɣԶԶϢͺ˻صԶźʱһ㡣


1115 Ľ
ʥһһ׽󣿡Ծ
ʥ
ʲô֮䣬ΪˣʲôʼۼʥǰǾӣһҪǣһ׽İʥһ𣬻ʲôԲ
Եģһ¾
Ϊһޣӵһ˫Ǿͽģ
ͨ˵ĽԭһϹ˾ܣΪɽĿڽͷֱɽɽ¾ɽɽÿһѶʥһ
Ȼϰɽ󡣡̯ͨкȻһ׽ףĸ֣Ȼǡɽ󡯡

ͨ˿˳е⶯һӣ˵Сһȥɣϣܹúʹ
лǰԻżмӹɽ׺Ľ
ȱ˵̫ˡͨź˵ʥڵΪ޷á
ǰָ̡Թݵ
šͨ˺⳽Ե̬ȣ˵ʥΨ˾߲ܹ̺˷Ӧ֪ͻͻ۹죬Գһռ䣬ͬһһ㣬ԴκζռȴǸ棬ҲԴڶ֮С
ڣҪ٣ϾһأɲȥΨеһȹԪҲﵽһ꣬磬߽Գ磬ҲӵĿ¡
Ҫͨ㷨ﵽ컯Ҳ컯ĺ壬Ψ컯أܴﵽ硣
ͨ˹˵ߴﵽ磬Ҳֻƻʼ޷ʥΪʥԳ飬һԷҪʥΨ컯ĽҪգҪﵽ컯
ԣʧ⣬ӵȴ޷ʹð
ǺǣϷ˵ꡣͨ˶ϳɾĴڣȻ֪Ե˼ЦǺǵ˵ȻĽҪ컯ΪֻһȴֻҪΪ
ǰ㲻˵Ψʹʥ𣿡ɻ
ڱ˵Ȼˣȴ⡣ͨЦ֪ԭ򣿡
ΪղԵʣԾ
ͨ˵ԽԡȻԡԵһãΪڸϣǸڷĴڡ
⻰ԶʱһԼ˽⻹̫ˡ
ˣȻղʹĽеһûôĽ֮ǰǾҪôĽҪ֪ĽǷŵߵλ磬ҲǾ춯صĴڣԿһƬȷѪ갡ͨĳ
֪Թ
ƥȻףοʥֳȻĴڡ
ڳλ磬˵ʥһʼҲܷӵҲΪγҪ֮ʹʼĴ齣δûвעԭ
ˣϷĽߣϷϣܹھŲ㣬Ҫ֪Ѿ˵˵ڰ˲㡣ͨ˵
ˣ
˵⻰ͨ˾ɢˡ
رã»ص˵߲ͨĽź֮󣬳ԵϢһʱŽڰ˲㡣
Сһϲڰ˲㡣Ͽմͨ˵˵һĹܼ򵥣ܳħǿߣʱǣסϷ˵ֻˣܹõϷĴС

ǰһãֳһ̨ϣǳ貣Ī⡣
ͨ˵Ĵڱصãκ˶޷ֹҡ԰ǿգĿ貣ս߰η޾壬ǰȴĶ֡
ৣ
ڳӹȥ˲䣬һӰ羪һƲգ˸̨֮ϡ
һ꣡
ΰŨüĿΣƲ֮䣬һȨ֮ƣ·׼ľۻһ㣬һ仰Ϳǧͷأһ㡣
ϣһѪۣޣͷݻǡͷߡȵȵȵȣÿһֶޡޣΪĿǣѪһǳͼģֻһۣ͸˺ޱ֮Уη֮ģʵڿ¡
˵˵ƣ۷
аۣԾ
аۣаӣҵ־ǳΪа½ףΪλ棬ħĵһ֣࣬ʲô֣ԭԵĶǳλ磬ħһ֣а۵ʱ֮򳽻ԣЦ־
ԡԱ֣Ŀаۣԣаӣ֪̳λףΪţ˭Ϊа½ףΪаۣаӦа۵ı
ãӿĳһǿ࣬Ӹǿұ߳һС磬Σ㶼ǱӵĶ֣࣬һ᳼Ӱɡаӣδаƽ˵
⻰ȴһֵͺ˵һѾΪʵһ
ô֪ɢŨŨս⣬֪аۣʱжǿ
ʣаںܹΪǧħ֮Уһа½ףѾ˵㣬嶤ħ֮е콾֮ףͬڵ޼乫һ㡣
Դ˽ʱħһˣھҪǰħһˣаӡ
ԣԼ֪ӵͷɣħ콾֮ףΨĹʥӲǱӵĶ֣˶ֻڱǰȻ㻹ûʵӾʵаЦ


1116 εֵ
ʥӣһġâ˸Լһ־ǧǰĹʥˡ
ãԱӣ㻹˵Ҫܹʥӣʮ㰡ҲգӾͳֽѵѵ㣬֪ô֪֪࣬ӵֶΡ
аŭˣħ콾֮ĵһˣȻǰĮӣһҪԼ϶ֹʥӣֱζ챻ըˣҪúýѵԡ
ǳ֣֮ɱǰ΢ϣ
аӳХһ˸âһȭǳ۶гȥһǳƥѸ֮䣬һ֣ǹӲӣܲǺۣĪ⣬ƥǻԶ
һȭͬСɣ̺ǳ򣬳ҲС
ײ
ֻܶ׹⣬֮һ㣬䣬һ̤غۣǳǳֱ֣֣֮ӱѹ顣
أأ
ڶ
̤ѹȥϣҲԽԽǿ
أأأأ
֮䣬һ̤һ߲̤ǳ֮ϣǳ֮飬һ죬ǳ֮־ըѿ
Сӣӵ͹ˡаӴһǳҷһǳ֮⣬ޱ߼ʣ޾ޱ£˫ȭɽǳ磬һžŰʮһȭ
žŹһȺɹ
аȣĿԣۣȫעһȭһǳһȭһǺۣһȭһǺӣ·컯ǳ֮ΰǷǿƥ˵ȭǻʼѧܹȭ֮£ң
䡱һڰʮһȭʱǳһƬǳ磬ڳͷϿҲһƬǳ磬һȭʱ򣬶ʱȺ䣬ĩ֮սƻһ㡣
֮䣬Եײͱ
֮ܣ
ˣ֮ܣ޷ֵٴ˳ȥ
ܣаȵ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һȭһǳԶԶȥͺһһǳײ򳽻һ㣬飬ҡ־
Ԫ
ˣ·˿ң־Ԫߺһռ䣬ֹǾžŰʮһǳ齣趯죬ʩչʮŵǬʱʮأ컯Ǭһӭȥ
ֻаһоžŹһȺɹ̫ˣǽռҲ޷ƷֱֺɢǷ֮ϡ
ʮŵǬҲǵۼ컯ƿؾʮأӲĵֵס಻ǳаҲɫһ䣬˵ۼСӣ㲻ǳλ壿
ȴû˵ƹ齣裬ѩһƬҷһĽۡ
ܺãԼӵʵĻζ콾аӲǺɾа۵һһ䶼ΨҶ𣬰ԵǳţҲӺ
žŹһȺɹԵʮŵǬһƣȴǲ˷ӭ˳ԡ
ΰȣԣ˭ʲôձӶҪ֪ǲģаعһ󷨡
δ䣬˫ȭâɣԶԶȥͺɫɽײһ㣬ɫӿޱˣһаɢһΪΪݺµơ
ǱһԶŴĹصõ˻ԵȻ֪ʲôȼȭԱĵۼضáаƻֺ꣬ʮţü֮䣬һ۰أͳζ
˫ȭȺڣʡ
һȥɡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ըһ㣬ķ޾а֮ɢͺа֮һУۣһ˲䣬ԵʮŵǬͱԴƻ
ңһΪһѹƣʮֿ¡
ڳԵһΣ֮У࣬ȫעδ˲˫齣罣һӭȥ
ʣ
쳹أĽ׽־ںϣ궼ﵽһĵزΨһԣԼȻһ
һֻ̣콣⽻֯ȥžаײһ˺ѡи֮⣬ͺԼѾһ㡣
ָоʮֿ£аҲ͹˳һаعһתع죬аΪ𣬵ɱ˺ѿ롣
ʲôʲôаӾ
ɱĽԵ
аȥ޸飬˵ԣӲòһսʵղűֻǶ߳ѣҪȫԸˣҿֵܹס
ϻ˵ɡԵ
ƱӵϣܺãΪ˸۰ɡа˵㳢ʮͨڶʮλɣɽӱ±ǳ𣬳ҲҪӱ𣡡
һﶼҪɢǿƥѹգ·Ҫһʮֿ¡
ʱڳ𿦿֮·Ҫˡ
룡߳һ治壬һնʩչ˴ǿƥ֮£ʲôҪɡ
֮УԲ֮һ綼Ҫɵ
ȻҲһԲ磬ҲԱһ磬˵ʮͨʮɷͨûһͨǼ򵥵ġ
аһЦܺãͿĴҵĴǿ
һƬ֯ɣǿޱȣɢһϢ֮С


1117 սа
أ
ʱͨײһ𣬾ǻ
ǲ£
ʲôɶҾͲ㻹дͨаɫһ䣬ɫһһ£ޱѪնѪѹʮɷͨʮλ
ն
һΣԲδʩչͨں˲౾ԴͿռ䱾Դ彫ȥռ磬絴һл𡢱𶼽ڣһڲ౾Դ֮¶࣬㡣
ۣۣۣۣ
һҵ֮УǵصѪĻ˺ѿзֿаĿɿڴչڳǰһЦ
áажʱһõԤС

ɲ֮䣬Ծʩչͨǿϯͬբĺһ㣬ˮ֮һ磬޾նž
аӶʱһֻ˫죬Ĥѣҡ֮ѪӿһѪ˳صһһ㵹ɳȥ
ལ£
û˿ԥʩչ˲ལ£һﶼࡣ
ɶҪа˫Ŀ죬·Ѫŭһֱͬе콾֮ףͬ˶Ĥݣ𾴣ΨʥӲܹһս
ֻû뵽ͻȻðĳԾȻֱˡԭ£Ǵ
ۣҧ⣬һھѪһ޾Ѫɢͷ·һѪˣ¶ѪӣͷϿѪĻ죬˫ѪħŭҪ˺ѳԡ
Ѫֻشħɱ
аһһѪħ˫ȭ죬ѪߵѪֻһ㣬ħ仯ŭɱһжԣ
һʱһգֱ
ɫһ䣬Ҳаӣ齣趯뽣鳽ںϣ콣ʣХƥնʱһֻԻһǧ̫׹⣬βһɨ
ѪħֱӱɨУɢаһۣצ˹
צ죡
̫̺ʮֿ£צ̽ʮ֮ޣ˵һˣһСɽҲҪץɷ۴⡣
ֻѪħޱȣͬһ㣬η޾壬ֵ
Ƶ糱Ҳٴνץ顣
ɶ񣬱ӸƴˡаѪħ˫۶ѪѪӹ˫ſѪžɳѪĻ̱ڱΣʱһǳ֮
ǳ޾ޣɱаһɱ¾֮ĴбѣɭȻ˵ǳΪ壬ǿΪ̣Ϊעɱ
¡
غվȺ䣬£ֱ飬صһ̫ɢָΣ۵һһѪ
ԣǳ޾ԶŴԴǳ֮в˿ڴǳһʩչͬߣӣã󡣡аӿЦ
ôԵ㲻Ҫ̫ˣҵľԪ
ˣ
һ־ںϣ۾аӵľ
ɶ񣬸ҵֵסа
ֵסħҽǰħɱ罣ݣȣƿͨʩչаӣۣ޾ǳʱɢ
аӴ
ħаֵܹôԺЦ˵
ҵסаҡеҲʰһж޼£˵ħ׿ĺοдʹһЭ
ۣ
ֻа죬һѪصһһʵ˳ǰ

ϯаɢ
ܺã㾹Ȼаӣҵ϶֣վҹʥӵĶ֡һһԸԴĿһе·Ļɷһ㣬ɽ
ʥӣԵ
ҡ粨𣬹֮âɢͬһ̫һ㣬һ̫֮У߳һӰһͦε꣬һͷɫƽһҫۡ
һͳ˳ԵǰֻһɫۣŽɫ磬ʸ߹һָζ˫տտԣȱʯҪĿһ䵽ϣ˵ԭһΪаΪҹʥӱĶ֣û뵽ôȻܡ
ҲᱻҴܡ̬Ȼ·޾һƽ
̫ˣҹʥӵǰҪΪԼĿۡʥվȫųâһ̫ϣСʥһ޶ȴһСʥ޷ġ
ôͿûʵˡԵ
ʣ
ٿȻֻһ𣬷ҡֱϣʥӡ
Ҫ֪ʥҲǳֹʥ̵Ľ̻ʣλĵһǿߣа۲ΪħĶ
ȻⶼȨеû
ԣʥӵʵ֪
Ҷ֣ԣ̫ˡһâԾ壬֮ͬУû˸ǰŵģɣһƴ
ʱֻһӿᴩռ䣬˽֮ϣ۵һɢ
ߣóаֶɣûлᡣʥһ˵
ն
ױԴӿӿ֣ڳڣ齣УƷնһɨʱ״𣬶һаɵķ׽ն£ض¡֮顣


1118 ս
ӣⲻʥ΢һӳԣ̬ĮȻ˵ҵƣ˵꣬һɺ嫵Ĺ춯ų⣬̧𣬸հ򳽻š
նʱӲӣֻһɸߵĽɫӡӭ֮ռң¡
ңӡһ֮ȫǹζ̫ͬһ㡣
ֻһƣԾ͸оʥǱСʥӸĽɫ޹ֺܹΪʥ̵Ľ̻ʣа۷ͥ
һ죬ɷնӡɢ
ƲĴ򳽻ԡ
ߣն׻ȸ䣬ҺɱһҲŽߵİһû磬½֮߳λħ壬ͬһĵһˡ
˵Ƕɧʥθ߹ҲҪһսһս
նƽĴǽɫӡ
Ϊľռݶ׻ΪռȸΪռϷΪռݱϱɫӡΧסӵϣۣһ֮Уɫӡǧٿף۴⡣
㾹Ȼȥҵƣ㻹еʵʥӾĿ˳һۣ˵
ȴû˵齣һ̤ȥ׻ȸ޻סķ̳ȥ
ʵնѾ⣬ΪԴ֮󣬾û˳ٳ޷ͻг֮֮նҪһҪĻΨжһЩľԡԡԺĵر˷ܽչ
նȴǲͨĻʼѧ޷⡣
ϾԴĽžߣȻҲǻǿ

ʥӼԳƶж𣬱Ͼ콾е԰޼乫ӡﻹҪߣ˼̤οһͬˣֱǾ޴ĳ裬ϴ
ҹʥͨԲ㷨
һӣ̬ׯʥޱȣϾ֮ɫ˫ִӡһɫ鱾ǰĿ䵽ϣһ㣬Ļͬ˵Ҫй⣬˹⣻˵ҪãԲã֮⣬ϴǰ΢ϣĤݰɣ
ã
Լɫ䣬˳ȥȴһϣʱһƬʥ֮⣬һӾƽվڹʥ·ʱȵԣ˿̲ΰĹ񣬸ʱ
վ罣ԽĽݳ⣬ͬһ㣬쳹硣
ͻȻ⶯һ£Ҫȥ
ããáʥӼ˴ϲ
ʣʣʣ
ڴʱǸո΢µֹͣʥӼ̴ȣԣϣĤݣʱ
ڳԵ֮Уһʥ⣬һ潣⣬⣬ǳڵֵʥ⣬ʲôͨȻܹҽ־ͻĽףֵĻᶼûС
ԣʱʥӵĻɷ
ǽޣη޾壬ֻӽּ⣬ҾңǽҲ޷˳Ĥݣο񣬸ơͷЪ˹һɼ֮𣬿ʥ⡣
áһֵʥɫˣɶ⳽ԵĽ־Ȼôǿ
䣡
ͻȻһ죬ʥ⣬ת˳ȥһ˫齣ն£ɫɫɫɫɫɫ⻷𣬽һɨأʥʱɢ
һն£طֿǺӺ硣
ءһֻʥӱ˳ȥɫֳɱֱչɢֱ֮䣬һԽɫףȵٹ񣬳ͶƣΨҶڰҹ
ʥӵ塢֮⣬·һ㣬޿Υ
ˣ
һ֮һֻɫֶǹ񣬹ʥ̵ػޡ
ڹʥӵͷϿգͨ𣬽ãˮɣ˫򳽻ԣۣһ㣬ɫ⻷ͱƣҷһߣһֲ˼ٶȷ򳽻ԡ
ݽԾٶ̫ˣӵз֮ԴٶȻҪ죬ûжܵʱ䣬һ£֮ܣ֪֮ܵķµֵס̴ռ䡣
ꡱһܹ֮Ȼ޷赲񣬴鿪һ£ֻЯϹײռ֮У¡֮ҡΣһ죬򳽻ԡ
ɫһ䣬һޱȵļУ޴ͨ³߾ʱѣĺģ糿һ
ء֮
ʥӼ˾ɶ񣬿ҲһŴԵˣΪʥӾֶҲ̫Сʥˣиһжи㳽Ҳ⡣
ͨһʱնһƬɲи֮˿ͷƤ顣
̫ˣǴи
˿̣Ҳо˼֣ʥӼֱǿñ̬ȫСʥܹģѵЩͨԵģδҲ̫˰ɣ
ͷڳԾһӶɲ˿иϾʮ֮ͨУʮλĴи
Ҳ壬ٴʩչ
̫޴ˣƾûõĴܹ뱾ʥӵĴиôֱǳΡʥӹЦն˫ִӡʱֻһи֮һƬռ䶼иˡ
һ˲䣬ɢи֮ƽԣۣ·Ҫиһ


1119 ͨ˴
иôκҳԣҲڳΡɫЮ治ӭȥ˵СҵĴãѵĴиܾҿûег֮ɣ
ôʥӰȻ
Ǿ͸ƣһɫη޾壬ȴȴңȴأһи֮ײһ
ʥӼ˶һ
ơֻһ֮ии֮ϣһ죬и֮ѿ
ʥ޴䣬ɫС㣬㻹Ҫ濪֮һƬڰΰĹ֣˵Ҫй⣬˹⣬ڰ𣬳ҲҪ𣬸
ŹʥӵĻ쳹֮䣬һ̹̹Ϣɢ֮һкڰǳõһ涼ҲС
һ̱ƣʹͺֻһ㣬磬䣬ָܣ˺ѷΣ·궼Ҫֿ
㻹ʥԵĲҽޱȣ־Ц⡣
ڲǰκʧﶼ࣬ҳҲࡣͷͷû뵽౾ԴԶ壬һҲӿͷͺһ㡣
ڲǰɢǳ¶㡣
⡭ʲôȻܹǯҵĴһΣʥʧɫˣо֣ҲܿƵ˺
С㻹ʲôֶΣͳͳʩչɣһ죬ؿӹ߳ͨЮ
һ̣ԲŸо˲£
֪ȻԼ౾Դôˣ˽ȴǲ࣬л޾ĹڲͨԼ֪ģ漴Ȼ֮ԾԲԼ򵥵ģԼһϻкܳһ·Ҫߡ
ڣ룬Ծ;˷ܡ
ɶһҾͷŹ㣬һΣûôˡʥӺ˵꣬ߡ
ڲ뵽ߣδ̫˰ɣЦһʥӣʱ޾ϯޱ޼ʣùʥ޷ܡ
ɶ̫ɶˣεºܹõ֮ͨâʥŭ
ڴ֮£ʥ̱ǯƣѪ
ɣྫ֮һۣչɱһ죬һûʥӾ磬ʱҽѪϵĹ԰ͬеһ㣬
ԣɱʥӡʥ
ɱ㣬ҾͲǳԡɫɱŨṲ̃չԪһֹնն˹ʥӵϣȫѪɳȥ
ߣ
һҪٴιȥȴʥӵȥɢ֮ͨ˵ϲ㣬˵ڰ˲㡣

ǰһ䣬վȴǳΪ˵ڰ˲ͨģ
ܹܵλ棬ħǿʱǣ˵ϲ㣬ϲʮƷһ컯ͻ컯Ļʡ
лǰԴϲݵһԷͻ컯ҲˣʮƷںܳһʱȱʯֱһʾ޴Ƹ
ʮƷһƿ䵽˳У
ܺãΨһһڰ˲ģ㵽ھŲϷɡͨЦ
ǡԴϲ
ৣ
ԽھŲͨ
һ򵥣ɾķݣϷһ׷ԲԵˣͨˡ
԰ݼǰԹݵ
ɡͨĿͨһģĿ䵽ϣȴǴһɼѹ
ܿ죬ͨЦ˵ڼֻϷһѣϷ𡣡
ǰ㣿ľѡ
ǺǣϷ벻㲻ֻ֪Ҫ֪һ㣬ϷĴˡͨ˺Ц˵
ǣ԰ݼʦ𡣡԰ݵȴӿֳͷͨ⻰ʲô˼ǻ
ϷĴֻһ컯칦ͨ˵ţ̧ͷһָ򳽻üģʱһܹϵֽľ磬϶ʱ¶˾ȣʲôͨҾȻ޴Ӹ򣿡
ԶŴͨţ濪֮ʹڵĴͨĪ⣬Ϊʦ꣬Ҳֻһ֪⣬ֻҪ֪һ֪㣬㶼Īĺô㼸ͻ컯ĻʣʱٽסϷ͸컯ɾ컯嶤ϵ顣ͨ˹˵
ǡԵ
⣬ɽ󽭺ĴͨΪʦ㣻ʮ֮ͨһλĴֻɣܹ٣ͿԼˡͨ˵⣬ͨΪʦҲ㣬ϷѾ㣬ϣʹá
лʦ⻰ѾˣԭͨѾ㶨ԼԴھŲ㣬δҲ̫˰ɣ
ˣھһʱ仹һ£ͺֻ컯칦ɡͨ˵ͨϷ뿪֮ʱ㡣
ʦһҪ˵Ե
ͨ˵
һ£Խħ˵˳
ǺǣϷѾ֪ˣԸǵڶħ巽ĺô㲻صģ뿪̫ſռ䣬Ҳܼ򵥣ȥΪʦȥͨЦǺǵ˵
ʲôɫȣû뵽һжͨ˵֮УԭΪ⻹ء
㲻صģ˾ܣ֮ûܹɭ֮Ĺͨ˵
ǡԵ


1120 һ֮
󣬳Կʼͨ˴ڵͨɽ󽭺ֻԼ컯칦
һһ
ɽ󽭺ײ
ʱȥѾžܹʩչҪɾС֮Ҫʱ䣬ϾЩǴͨ
ֻó벻ǣʹֻԼ컯칦ͨʵ̫Բˣ˵һ֪⣬žԶ޴Ӵͬһ㣬޴ӵ֣Ǵֻ컯칦óԲԡ
ΨдȻδţȴĸоԼ׳˲١
ңޱȣߵ꣬жֱһ㡣
׻˵̰ãԳԾȲɽ󽭺ͨ
һѾʮͨʮɷ֮ͨеĴħɽ󽭺ֻȰ˴ͨиӲɴ컯칦ֱǲ
ʱһһȥԵԪҲԽľ⣬ڸˡ
һ֮ҲѾ
ˣͽȥʱˡͨ˵
鷳ʦˡԹ

ͨһӣԷѾ̫ſռϿգͨѾӰذεȻߣϲ֣û°ɡ
û£ͻˣԵ
ţҲǣذεϲ
Եͷ˵뿪˵
áذε

ʱһϵıϿ£ڳԶͨ˵ͽͨķӡͬãϣʹá
⡭֣ͨ˵ĴУذεԾ
š̯ƣסͨͷ
̫ˡذεȳԻҪˣ˵Ҵ˵߲㣬ʧˣҲõ˲ٺö
áҲΪذεˣ˵ѾʦȥԪ½
Ҫȥڣذε
šԵͷ
áذεɵͷ
ȽռɡԵ
ͨϻá桢ذε˶ڷռ䡣
ʦȥԪ½ɡԵ
áϿͨ˵
δ䣬һŹâ˳Եϣʧ˿С
ͬʱһֻ޴Գ̫ſռܣ
ͻȻһֶֻ£ץס򣬺ܿ첻ټ
Ԫ½λ֮УһͨͨĴ½
½û˥ܴ½˵ȴҪʮһȥ塢ӡɽɽء޳ǹųǴ硣
һͰɽ֮ϣݴ̣ľ࣬зɽ䱼ܡ
ʱԪ½ϿպȻһѺۣϢһӰ߳ƮƮ䵽ɽϡ
һˣһ棬̬üĿ
ܣ̯һӡʱֻӰ֣Ȼذεͨ˺棬겻ǳ˭
Ԫ½ذεϲ˵
ȷʵһ磬֪½˶ٱŮӣףţϲѩ׵ļͷԲĴ۾Ĵתѽѽ˵ʲô
ߣ½û䣬ʮ½ҲȲáͨһ˵
Ѱһǳס£˽½ʲôطɡ˵
áذε
ܿ죬һ޾뿪
âųǣ
˳ǷԲǧ֮ĿĿϾӡ
һһ¥ס¡
ԣذεСʲô㣿
һװλİ棬ͨһƣ˵Ѿ㹻һչأֱָڣȻȥѰҲټϷڳλĿܲпеλ棬ȻߵλҲûܣ̫ԶˣҪĻʵ
֣Ҵȥ硣ذε·¶˾һ㣬򳽻ԣ˵һԵΪ磬һͣӦȥĵط
ȥڡҲ֪˳Ҫֿģ˵ûҵĽ죬ǶâųҾ¥ᡣ
áذε͹ͨͷͬ⡣
֮󣬹ͨذεȥ
ڿջסͨ
תۣȥ
֮󣬳׼һҩΪ˵ҩͻڣȻǰڡ
Ϊڴڼ䣬ѾڣϾĽܹȡһ̫ſռҲ˵Ԫ½ڲһССɣȻˣԪ½ߴ֮һ
ߴȴǳһԪ
Ԫеλһ֮£ƿʮ磬Ԫ½֮һ
Ϊߴţÿ궼Ҫгɴ˿֪Ԫжǿˡ
ҲҪǰһ̽Ϊܹоõ½һڹ
ȥں󣬳ԾͿʼռĲϡ
̫ſռһУջ޴֮ԼһƷʮƷʮƷʮ
Ҫ֪һƷ൱һǧƷʯһƷֵһƷʯһƷֵʮƷʯҲ˵һӵһٶʮƷʯֱһʾ޴ĲƸ
컰˵úãǮӲһӾ˵âų̻ṺĲϡ
̻ռذ﷽ԲâųΪٸĵطˡ
ʱ䣬Ծ͹Ĵ󲿷ֲϣȴȱ١ݡ̫֥ζҩ
̻âų̻ᣬҵӵζҩķߣһ׷ԲԣĻˣ˫ۻɫУ򳽻ԣ΢죬˵ϷǧҩСֵܣڵΪζҩҪͻڰɣ


1121 ǧҩ
ǰ۰ɡ˵
ȻԸ㣬ֻȻشϷһ⣬һʦǧҩ˵㲻ǵĻϷͲܽζҩ㡣
Ե
㱾ܹʲôʦǧҩʵ
ǳ֮ҲгιòϣԼơô˵ǧҩһռ䣬²ԼݣΣƾ²ˡ
ϷҲһֵҩֻϷһ֮޷ƣڴһϣѰʦǧҩޱ飬˵ܹϷĻζϾСֵ㡣
Ŷ֪ǰҪʲôҩйâһʵ
Ϸһ˵ͻشӦӦǧҩһ㣬˳ԣӦ͸Ϸȥһط
áǧҩȻż󣬵ȴֻΪʮа˾ϸϸһ˼ʵǧҩҪʲôҲ壬ǱͷӦ
Сֵܿ˿Ϸɡǧҩһǰĸֲϣ˵
һǧҩͳԶ˾һǰһ̻߳ᡣ


ܿ죬˾뿪âųǡ
ʱһƬɽ֮УǧҩȺ롣
ʱǧҩͣסΣ˵ˡ
󣿡оâ˸ֻǧҩһӡǰռʱ纣˷һ뵵ɽǰ৵һ£ǧҩӽУ򳽻ԺЦ˵Ϸ֮أСֵ룡
šԵͷ̤˽ȥ
ܣֻɽ弫ռذأСɽȣж˲ѣа꣬ǧҩݶڣ˵ǰһˮذ
ǺǣЩϷѪɣȷʵѵáǧҩЦ˵֮䣬е֮ɫ
ˣǰ˵ʲôҩ˰ɣ˵
ţϷȼʶһΣУǧҩһƽ˵
ǰ١ݡ̫֥ζϸң̬ƽ
ŶţǧҩԾ˳һۣ˵СֵƵҩĳɹѵǰٷְٲɣ
аٷ֮ʮİաԵ
ٷ֮ʮǧҩ˳һۣȴЦѣСһǸճϷһ仰ͽ˽ҲãϷۼʶһҪ֪꣬ԳҩɾͿ֪ĳɹҲֻаٷ֮ʮѡ
ǧҩУé®СӾȻаٷ֮ʮİգʵǿ
ǧҩ˵ãϷζħԣϷƵҩЦСӲ֪ߵغ񣬾ˣˣȻϷʯѪס˵Ϸ򲻽ͻʯ֮壬ʱϷҲһսξëͷСӣ
û⡣ԺͷǧҩѵҲãΪͻڣҾͿСˣʲôȴûκγɣħԡ
ãϷǧҩ˵
Уһԭ򣬾ɽľڴ˲´ռʱųܹΣ
ʱԾ͸ǧҩһ޴Ķڣռޱȡ
ԵĿȴ䵽봣һ¯ͨڣݡľ񡢳桢ޣʮ죬ȴǸ˳һа֮С
ڵ¯·еػ
ϷԵɺ֮µõһ𶥼¯ǽ֮ʼ¯٣Сֵô˵¯ǧҩֶ̬Ȼһӣ١ݡ̫֥ζҩɳڳǰ
˶лǰˡԹ˵
ɣϷҲ뿴СֵģҪ֪ϷҲƴ˵ȴ㻨ݲϣҵλʮƳɹǧҩ

һ١ݡ̫֥ζϣ̤ɫ¯ǰƵһģ۶ѵһ¯ǳ𣬶ʱһ𣬼˲䣬â֯ĵػߵĻ棬ڵ¯ײ
ˣ
ڵ¯ʱɢȵĻ
ԻһۣûзκҲͿʼĲˡ
ֻһݡر׷ɳȥƮƮ뵤¯֮У١ݡ̫֥ζĲҲ˽ȥ
٣Ȼһ֪СӣȻƵҩʧܡǧҩһԼˣޱ飬ͷȴЦڳԵƷ˶ãһԷ
漴;СʲôַôϷַһҿ˹죿
Ȼǧҩȴǲ֪Եǵ飬˾ַǧҩûмΪ֡
ѵСǴиʦɣǧҩЩԺҲϽԵ֮ھɫˣΪоޱȣ·һж£޷ƣ񶼲ҡ
СӣʲôַǧҩӹһĨ֮ɫ
ڴӡڣãһӡдɽ¯֮УǧҩԹۣȻ⣬Ϊȫ£Ҳ޷ͬķƵҩΪصַԪſ
ЦԼ
ͬʱӳУЩϻøģַ֮УƵҩĳɹʣһﶼ࣬ôʧܣԳԲŸֻ׼һĲϡ


1122 
ɶϷͲŲַǧҩ츳ߣܹҩ㹻ĲϵĻƻʼҩ˿ԼԵַȻͬһ֪һ㣬еĽʤ֮𣬿ʼݡ
һж볽޹أȫȫ
Ϊ̽ǧҩ¶һ԰ɫǧҩΪ̫Ԫ
ɶ񣬴ļ󣬲ϷھɱŹֵַǧҩųԵıӰһ˫ɫͫ˸һĨɱܿεˣϷһ֮޷ʯѪһϷͻɱʱϵ⣬Ϸ׸
ܿ죬һʱȥ
ڻҫûкڰԪԣͬһ赸¯µĵػȼգóԶòǧҩˣȻܹڴѰ˺õĵػƾһػͿΪԼ᲻ѹ
ȻҲػ֮µĻһ˿ռ֮ģϾбԴҪɣͱ뽫ľˮбԴһг֮еرԽԽá
ֻǳҲɱħͷɱ޹ˣǧҩ֪ôĻǿɾ͹ֲˡ
ʱǧҩѾɫֽͷƶһвЦѾ׼ʧܵˡ
ʧǣʱȥڿ֡
죡
죡
ʮ죡
ʮȥڵ¯ǰϹԪ
δҲ̫˰ɣǧҩһ룬С쵰ǹϷ򿴵İɣϷ֣С˵˼̫ˣҺϷ򾯾ĵҲ˶ˡ
ˣ
ʮ죬¯һ޴ĺ죬һɰϯ֮ɢһҩ㡣
ˣǧҩһ漴ЦϲСƳ
ǰˣҩˡɫЩ԰ף£˵ô
áǧҩЦͷ
յԳһģԪӡѵһ˵¯֮ϣһ죬ֻһڰ׶ɫĵҩһɰҩϯǧҩɫ䣬ôܱϷƵĸ߳üƷʣ
ৣ
ȴûлش𣬴һץС
СѵַȻҳɹ֮ߣϷ簡ǧҩǰ˵
ǰˣƴ˵˲Ԫָָٰ֮ǰƵҩ˵
áǧҩСѾȻָԪ

Եϥأһ븹Уʼ˵
ʲôȻҪڴʱͻڣϷ棿ǧҩд󾪣ЦȻһ֪СӣԪ˴¾ȻóȻͻڣɹʶȻɣοѰҲһͻڣʧɡ
أ˫Ŀţһͣޱϲһ㣬̷һ˲һϯѪ⡢֫ٺӿУ
ʣ
ڳԵ쳹ԽĽ
ӻǽޣǧҩ΢΢죬ɫͫ΢΢˸˵Ҳã޵־ǿᡢᶨÿԽס
ڲ
֪ʱȥ

ʱ˫ۣޱ顣
ʧˣǧҩ
Ȼûгɹʧ
СѲˣ󣬿ӾҲֻһ֮ңˣûгɹò˶೤ʱҲͻڵġǧҩο˵ѾЦˣϷǣ֪޷ɹڹʧܣãã̫ˣһҲϷչƻˡ
Ҳֻˡ̾
СѣȻˣվͿʼǧҩ
ãδͻڣҲһ߾ȫǰɵҩԵͷ˵
ţϷΪⵤҩѾ׼ܳʱˣκδ˵ҩޱȣϷһ֮ʵԳɹϷСѣϷһԳɹǧҩϷСƵҩֽ㣬һʱϤտʼ
ǧҩԽһƵҩĲ衣
˽ʱգҲһʦˣһӾͿǧҩֻ֮һֶѣҪ֮֮С
һ֣ҲǸޱȣס
óԳԾѣ϶ûôӣǧҩƵĵҩӱ󣬸棬ҲǶ˼ֺ棬Ȼϼ޻Ǳġ
ڶ죬ǧҩռݶΧס¯⣬ɫͫж¶ϲ⣬˵СѣϷ򽻸֮ס˰ɣ
ţǰģȫˡԵ
ǺãǶ˾Ͱơǧҩʮ㣬ʮ㣬һһöģ򳽻ԣ˵ϷھͽƲ׽ȥС׼ˡ
ĺѪݡԪѡ١ѪĲݵȵȣ೽Լδֻеĵرǧҩ׽¯֮Уʼ
Сѣʼɡǧҩһȣһ˫ɿݵһӡõ¯ѵ졣
ͬʱҲʼӡⶼǧҩġ

һʱ䣬¯һȷͻ֮ۼ飬һܲʮְ»á
Ϊƴ˵Ϸķ˰ʱ䣬һһҪɹǧҩ֪˵˵ԼɫȻһſź޵ģԲ֪ľʯػ֮Уʱȼգ¯ײȫ


1123 ʯѪ
ɲǣ֮ڵ¶Ⱦ;ߣԣǧҩͷ˺顣
ƥ򵽵ʲôҩȻ̺ǿҵѪ֮Բϴӡвϲ룬Ѫ̫֮ǿˣѾԽߵķΣֱͲǧҩǻδͻԶҪɡ
ӡϴԪļ󣬱߳һֹ
ҺóԪƴв౾Դ壬ԴԴϣͨߣѾľԪˣҲһɫ԰ףԪصģ˵ǰⵤҩҪƶãڵԪĺܴ󰡣
СѵıѾϷԤˣˣѾ޼ˣģϷΪ˽Ѿ׼̫࣬ˮҺȥÿһΣӦܹŵ˵Ƴɹ֮ա
˵֮䣬ǧҩΣһˮΣڳǰֻҪһͿԷá
Ͳˡ˵̷һˮҺ
֮УˮҺ׻ָԪһ˲䣬ڵԪͱóӯȵãҺͿԾΪǰƴ˵ˡ
ϷǰлСˣģɺϷк񱨡ǧҩ
áһӡһӰۻҡ
ǧҩҲ̷һҺɫ󣬿򳽻ԣ΢У֪Щʲô
һξʱȥ
ֻɫ԰ף촽ûѪɫȫѾʪ͸ȫǺ֭
ǧҩҲ޼ϿҲҪϼ֡
ͣѾһ룬Ϸͽһζҩ뵤¯֮Сǧҩȣ˫ɫͫҲɢĻɫâֻ̯һöξʯģⲻΪע⣬ľˣξͨѪ죬治磬ͺڵĽһ㡣
ˣԾɲʲôʯȻ죬һһѪĸо
һ£Ծĸˡ
ȥ
ǧҩ·ע⳽Եһ㣬ξʯ뵤¯֮Уصһһ޾Ѫɢ¯һζͷ·һ˻һ㣬ǧҩȣСѣ߲ӡ죡
áֻһ㶣Ծʹһ׸ӣµӡҲ뿴ǧҩҪʲôҩ
ͬһʱ䣬ǧҩҧ⣬ھѪ뵤¯֮УõĴ˵·һ壬ѪȡаϢʢˡ
ˣԶһ
ǧҩֻǿ˳һ̷ۣʮҺһӾͻָˣҲ¶Ц⣬˵ãȥ֮󣬾ͿԿ¯ȡˡ
ϲǰˡ˵
Ϊ˴˵ϷҲǸ̫ˣΪľǽաǧҩˣҶ˲Ҫ⣬άȥ
áԵ
󣬳ǧҩӡõ¯ڣػҲԽԽ
ڴڼ䣬̽⣬ȴʲôоɻ
Һ꣬ǧҩûٸҺˣȴǻȻһ㣬άֵ¯ԴԴϵĹԪ
һĻǧҩˣЦСӾǺúƣϷ򶼲ԸˣȻˣϷ̷ʯѪͽѪΪá
ʱܿȥ
˿̣Ѿֽ£ϢҲ˥ޱȡ
ãСѣһȡǧҩ̾һϧϷľƸҲֻŪʮҺûжĸСˡ
û£ɺϢһ¾ǡԲ˵
ãϷˡǧҩ
󣬳ǧҩһ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
һʱ䣬¯죬Ӵһ
ȡ
һյʱȥǧҩ͵˫ۣĿбһ貹ԡ
¡¡
ڴʱһӾһζ
ô£ǧҩ
أ
һһȴǧ϶ʯѪƳ˰ɣ콫ҩӣδ䣬ʱ֮¡һʯѿһֻ̽ץ¯
˫ǧҩŭһӡӭǴ֡
ûᣡʯ֮䣬ԶˣҲһӻָģһԪľģһͽ¯һսӡ֮УһУΪʯѪ
֣ԻδӦԺ֮УȻֳһμ䣬Դ䣺ʯѪ۷嵤ҩȻʼҩѪ֮ƣؼҩʯ֮Ѫ
ʯ֮ѪѵĻʼϣŵرֵ֮Ѱĵۼ϶ضãΪʯ֮Ѫ̫ˣ飬ͬԼĿռ侧ʯ֮һ㣬ʯ֮Ѫʯͷ壬ûʱ䶼޷
ʯ֮Ѫǽʯõֵڿռ侧ʯ֮֮ϣڸߵλ綼ʦ۲
Ҫʯ֮ѪƶɵʯѪܹͻĹЧʯѪߣʯʣ߳Ϊǿ֮壬ʮ֮ͨڶʮһλĴ֮ͬ
ǳԲһ˵ԭ
󣬳Դһץͽػ֮еĻץռ䡣
һ˵ʵڵʯ֮䡣
𣡡ǧҩ˫ץצˣȡʯѪһĻ̷ˣɫֳͫѪɱǧС飬ȻϷʯѪ֪
˵֮䣬һĳ𣺡ʯѪϷģûܹᣬڵɣ
ƥڶˣۿ𣿡Ժڷ裬Цһɿ񱩵Ϣɢϯķ齣֣һǧҩӡ


1124 ֮Σ
ԭһжǳģԼͻڣΪľǷǧҩһ֡
ڣ㲻ʧôͻƣϷûпϷ򲻸ʰǧҩ״̬ΪʯѪķѱƸ㾡˳é®Сӣû뵽ԾȻϻǧҩˡ
飬С飬ϷҪ㲻úǧҩſһھѪѪڳһѪ֮Ѫħһ򳽻ԣһ˫ɫͫҲڴ˿̱ѪĿɳƣ˵С֣֪ϷΪʲôΪǧҩϷʶһϷǧѪħ
δ䣬ڶֻǧҩǣһֻֻѪֳ⣬飬һǧֻѪ֣ÿһֻѪֶһǹӹĴ𶷡֮һǿҵӾǧ
ɣ
һʩչУǧҩʹȻɱ¶һֻͬʱãһǧֱ򳽻ԡ
ֹն
ɿһȻҴ⣬ڵʯ֮ʩչһռ䱾Դϯһ÷һ㼤ۣƻʮ㣬һǧȫ飬ǧҩ˳ȥɫ󺧣ôǸͻ𣿡
׳ա齣ɱǧҩ
˫ʯѪڴϣҪɱǧҩ񺰵
Ÿո𣬾һƬֻ֮Ӱ
˲ģӣǵʶһɲɣУһ֪ǧϹǰһˣһǿʵңƥʮֿ£˫
˫ʯѪϡǧҩָԵ
ɶǧƥ򣬱ʯ֮Ѫ㣬ʯѪû뵽㾹ȻЯʯ֮Ѫߣû뵽ջɣ˫üݺݵĿǧҩһۣǽץСӣԶ֡
ܣɫ
СӣڰʯѪɡ˫˵
㻹ûʸ񡣡Ե
СӣԼ֪֪֮Ĳࣿ˫Цվ֪ܵϲܹƵģ֪ô

ֻ˫ִһƣʱһƬռֶⲻǿռ䣬ܲž߱Ĺ죡
ڶ֮ڣ˫磬һ֮ܶУûκη֮ԽսߣҲ콾Ĵڣܲң˫˳콾
һ
һңؽޣֻһն˫Ķ죬һѿ
ʲôĶ쾹Ȼˣ˫ɫ
һԵΧǧҩ˻ҲǴһ
ҲǾޱȣ֪˫ֻڣ첢̣ڵĹ죬޷ơ
ӾȻ콾ǧҩ
ˣ
˫ɫҲסˣܣ޳ɶ죬Գ磬ȴһڴƣֱǳ裬޴ĳ裬ˡٴδ߶죬֮򡢻򡢷֮֮Ĵӿֶ糱ˮһӿ򳽻ԡ
Ƕ𣿡Ȼһƿ˫Ķ죬ҲоԼҪٴȥҲΨһĴɱвſԣˣ̴߶֮Դ򶴿ڡ
ܣС֣˫߶ţҪԼĶ֮УԾͻſⱬӿ޿ǣһ컯ءڣɫӡϿ¡

ʱ¡¡ԼԦ֮Դٶ֮죬˲Ϣӳ˫˸ա
ɶСӣܲˡ˫ŭֻһ׷ȥҷƬԣķǱ֮
ɶǧֹһϷơǧҩҲǴŭƵʯѪߣֱɱҪܣ˫ǰܹδ֪Խ˫˳ȥʩչƣ彫ȥ
֮⣬ǽ壬ɽ嶼˴룬Ȼ˫ǧҩ󷨣Ŵ˽
ЩԶᣬȥ
СӣӲˡ˫һ£Ŀ࣬ɫâ컷ܣݣһսҪѹԣĳƷӡء
磡
£ʱһһ쫷Ͽϯγɰ޴򳽻ԡ
ķͨһ֮ϣǴķ֮򣬶йļӳ֣ƥǿҪƽ⣬ѣ˭ħ콾ȡͨ˴еĴڣʹܣ
ն
౾Դռ䱾Դڴ߶һһˣ߲ݣ齣趯γһƬ⣬һʣʱһڽ۶ɢﶼζʮֿ¡
һ£Ѹףпռ䱾Դӳ֣Խռ䣬ֱһͽһɢһ۵
꣡
˫һƸֳһƬɫ££Ѱˮһÿһζ̺˿һε£۵һһɽȥƻʮ㡣
绽ͨԾһͨ뻽ϣǺ绽ͨһͨһĻʼͨ۹һ˵ǲ֪˺绽ûУ
Сӣӱ˫ܣȻһںӣκһ˶ᶯŭοԪ½ߴ֮һ»Ļ
𣡡
𣬷֮֮ƣڳΣ˫˫֯һ֮ʱۣ绽꣬ش𶫷꣬̺˿µƻ


1125 ɱ˫
Сӣ꣬зܣ˫ں󷽿ųԵıӰĿѣۿ֮жǺ֮ɫݶޱȡ
ߣһ·˿⣬ٶ治ʩչʮŵǬ׵ۼ齣趯鳽볽棬ʱһƥֶʮأԾǬء
һǧռ䣬֡ɽ纣ϯۣ֮һɽ塢ľɽȶķ飬ĸ
ʲôҵĺ绽Ȼˣ˫ɴ۾˵ʼͨǻʼͨδôΪ绽ǻʼͨһ֣ǵۼͨ찡ǵۼͨ˫ԼĻסˡ
ϻ̫࣬ɣħ
ɫ䣬ɱҪɱ˫ֱӴħڰնͷϿգһƬڰ˫
ҪɱϾϣ֪˫ЦĽջ壡
ءһ˫ȼ޾棬ǵأ֮ϯȫͬһһ㣬޾ΰޱȣߴͷ壬ŲȻ𺣣򳽻Աƽ
ˡ
һ˲ľһ籩ĵ˳˫ɫ䣺á
ʱɫ԰ףܵϲŭ塢ɫòϸͷӿԺ֮Уң־ҡ
Ҫ֪嶼ֻҪҪܵħӰ졣
һ˵Ψжȹ٣֮־顢ŻӵβƣҲǾԣΪȻԾߣħҲԽԽҲܵӰ졣
˫ȻڴܣϾҲŭӰ쵽
ԣһ˲ܵӰ졣
һ
ô˻ᣬٴʩչһңﶼڳУͽνģˣҲΪˣԵ־ҲԽǿͻ֮󣬾õ˾޴ߡ
ڣѾ־ףҲﵽĽףֻҪף;߱ˡ
ħʮ֮ͨеĴħɶôͨ˫Ŀޣ˫ĿѪǿѹСΪħͿɱΣػѪѹħƣ
ʱһ˫ϴݳһɿµ粼˺һ㣬˫Ȼڴħʩչ֮ǰǿ˴ħһɣ޸ƣ
ʺ첻ͣǧڱڣսںһ㡣
ͷϿһʱֻһӡ£ֻӡ֮УԸܵ˽֮򡢻ͷ֮޸ƾȻں
˫ĵơ
ںֶֹ֮ܵһǳ
Ҫ֪񳽻ĽͨҲֻںֹѣҶδɣеѶȿ֪˫Ҳһ츳֮ھܹںֹˡ
Ȼܹ֮һǼ˵ģ
¡¡¡¡
һ޴󣬵޸ҲǱô籡ֽһ㱻˺ѣصһԱɨУ𣬵ɳɣ۵һһѪ
Сӣ֪ܹܲǵ˰ɣ˫ɱ¶
ৣ
౾Դ壬Хһ齣ӳһƽ˫
֪СӣձҪɱڴˣδ棿˫ŭˣûӸλܣһ߾ȻֱĵߣԲˡ

ҲԦ֮ٶȿĲ˼飬ȳԻҪһ֡
Բ壡
ؽ
Եʵսḻֱǳ뻯齣һնռ䣬˫ٶȶʱᣬչ˾ɱྫ֮ݺݴ˫ľ硣
ɶ񣬾
˫ɫ䣬֪Ȼֵס˳ԵĴħҲ˲صĴۣѾ𣬶Ȼٴδ߶ֱ֮ǳԼҪ̷
𣿡ȵ
ۣ
ʱ˫оԼľͬһ㣬جҽһһѪ
ն
˴˿̣Ȼɷֵͨδгն󣬱ϾбԴɣﵽгֹ֮񳽻ڣնͨ
һɫ⻪ױȡ
ã
˫ܵһвɫ䣬û뵽ԵĹ֮ǿܵвЪ˹ĺСӣ»Ļɱң»᲻Źġ
ͷˣв㣬ֱ˵
ҪɱңҲң˫ܣôСϣ˫˻𣬡죬ұ
ˡٶ磬նն£һ˫Ĺ飬һɫ⻷һɨ룬صһѪ꣬䣬Ѫһ㣬ĴҲ
һܵĴ䣬еĲƸ϶ٲˡ
ৣ
һ˫ʬٵĿоǧҩ»ӵϢ̾׷˹ȥ


1126 ǧҩ
»Ԫ½֮һʵǿڴܵĴڣ˫ڳϵϢ˳ȥôȴľ»޾׷ɱ뿪Ԫ½û˾ȵ
ԣǧҩ˱
أ٣»ӶǴһǧҩҲǵ㣬˵ɱ˫
ɱ⸡֣˵Ҿȥ
˵ֱ꣬ʩչ˴ħִ˴иۣ»ӣڴڣûеֵͱɱ
ʲôǴи㾿ʲôˣǧҩ
ɱˡԵ
ҪɱңԸ⳼ӡǧҩˣֱӹ˳ǰͷĵС϶һܶа
ôɱ˸Ϣȫǧҩϣú߸ӵˣˣ˵ȻˣҾһͷɣ
ӣǧҩ
ȻĻôŵù㣿˵ţɫһӺ˵ٷϻͷ꣡
ǡǧҩ˵ʬ壬һƬ䣬ֻͷԼꡣ
ˣ
̳ǧҩӡǣֻҪ⶯ͻ
ǧּˡǧҩ
뿪һӣʬ𼣣յūǧҩ뿪
âųǣ
һҿջ֮Уǧҩһ仪İڡ
ǧ֣һԼɡľϣʵ
ǡǧҩ̬վһ˵ˣǧһɵɢޣżȻ֮õһλϹʦĴУһ˫ǧԵʶ֪ܹҩʯѪǧǡ֪ʯѪͳ˫뿪ʯ֮Ѫâųǡ
ֻǧ΢һ֮ƣԽŷ֮ĴѰҺʵʦҲ˼ʦֻǵ޷ǧʯѪһʱ䣬ԭǧѾ뿪Ͼ˫»Ụģû뵽ˡǧҩһǫ
֮أʵ
ڣҪȥǧҩ̴Ӵȡһϵǰ
ޱĽӹⷭ΢ЩʧȻϹ֮еȴǲ˲֪ʮǧǾͽӸǧҩ˵ҪȥڣȥĴ£һɢޣǽޣΪá
ǡǧҩ
ţģʱ죬һϵġ˵
һ˵վ޵ģҪλȥҪҪѰҲ磬ҲҪ˴̽Ϣ뵽һ㣬ҲƺõĲĻ񽻸ǧҩ⻭ϵ𣿡
ûмǧҩҡͷ˵
ס£ɢ֮⣬һѰһϵˣ뱣ܣܸκˡ
ǣǧסǧҩ
ˣ˵˵ȥɣʵ
ˣǰɱ֮أԪ½ҵĵطһκ˵ע⡣ǧҩ˵
ãȥɱ֮ء΢΢ͷ˵ҲС֮ˣǶƷʯһԼһЩѧ伮ȥһʣȥΪһĸסҪǾҳϵˡ
ǣǧָֽ¡ǧҩһæݵ
ȥɡ׳һöָ
ǡǧҩĽӹָʶһɨ¶˾ݣʮƷʯһҩʦ˵ҲһʱĲƸʮʮѧ伮𺳲ѣĲ²⳽Եı
ˣǰɱ֮أʲôҪĻҡԵ
ǡǧҩ¾ȥˡ
šԵͷ
ǧҩ˳ȥԾͿʼͨͬʱҲǰڣϾ˫»ʵܿͻˡ
ڶ죬ǧҩǰɱ֮أǰڡ
ڵشԪ½֮·;ңԶҪִĻҪһ೤ʱ䣬ϾԪ½û½ʮ֮㣬һҲԿλǿ
ͬʱ԰еǿ󣬰նԱȵĻеλ磬С磬Ҳа½ȳλǿ½ʮ֮ޣ½֮˵Ҳһ磬ٶеϵˮ׼óԲ½ǰжˡ
ȡ½ĻԪ½ָĻԲ
ҲΨб߲
ĻҪýµԪ½Ϊе磬ͱǴߣǰܡ
һĵȼѵģϾͬλ֮䣬Ҳˣɱ¾һոսΪе磬һе֮Ĵڣ¾һɱ¾١
ԣԽ綼ϡ١
һǿͻǰе磬Ϳǰе磬ڳһްԣеλ磬һǿˣΪܴڡ
ԣһߣڳλ潫Ϊһߵľ磬Żǰеλ磬һȥûô׻ˡ
⣬λ߽ΪڣͻƵͱǰеλˣΪطעģĻһڳλ磬¶ˡ
âųûдԳԱﵽĳȥ
ҲһʺܴĻ񳽻ԶĴ͡
ңǾ޳ǣҲûֱӵĳУԳԱתü˲ִܵڡ


1127 ̻
һ㳽ˣǰڣֻ֪յ㣬ȴ֪гܹٶȵڣҲһ鷳̽ⷽϢһԪ½ĵͼ͸ˡ
޷ǣ
һâųǴľ޳ǣǳǽߴɣһԶԵĺڼʿ޷ǡ
ʮƷʯڼʿޱ
ô󣿡΢΢ȣǽʮƷʯ߽УԾȻһнǵĸо½ĳУâųǣǰľ޷ǣͺһ㣬ֱһϣһ¡
ǰĽֵ˵ɶʮУ̶˼㣬۵ƣó𺳡
ķݡ¥󡢿ջ޽ʮֺΰסĻʹ޷⣬ȻѻǺܸߣʮƷʯĽǷѾͿԿˡ
컰˵ĺãǮʹĥԻȥһʯһԾ޷Ǽ˽˾ҵ˳̻ᡪ̻ᣡ
̻ռа޽㣬ûʡ߹˼㡣
˴ĶҲĿҩݡѧ伮̶ۣ벻ʲôûȻҲеͼۡ
һ޳Ů¶ְҵԵ΢Цʵ֪ʲôĵͼ
жĵͼʵ
Ůӳһ˵ӹҪĵͼǺƵ֣
ִӾ޷ǵĵͼԵ
ҪֵͼŮӳһ
ûô΢΢ü
⵹ǣֻĵͼֻ̻ܲСŮӵӿԵĻ̻ͿṩҪĵͼ
ã֮Ե
ߡŮӺЦ
󣬳Ծ뿪̻ᡣ
̻ܲ޲TǣΪ˳ȥǧһ޲Tɽ˴
ܲȷֲӸ߶˴ñīݵĳ̶ȡ
һ죬̻Ĵִ´æ̻ܲ󷽣һµ¥УһһͦΣ絶һ˲վ·˵Щʲôģм縸ӡ
̻ƶ޺վԵ꣬Ķӣ򵶣
ִ£ʲôæͦΣ絶˷âִ߽Цʵ
޷һ깺һݵͼǰ߼ִµ
һݵͼʲô֪Ḹ׵ģˡں
򵶣ôִ˵޺˵Ĳһĵͼ
ǵļҪĵͼǰ޷ǣڵĵͼ⼸֮һԪ½ִ˵
£ЦȤҵ뿴ʲôˣ
ĪǲԪ½ˣ޺
Ǵ˵Ļ񡣡ִ´ӴȡһȻ˳ԵĻ
ûӳ񡣡޺˵һޡ
ǵļȷʵһޣڵΪӲʮӡִ˵
ʮ꣬ڣӶȻԪ½ˣ˵ǲ᲻֪޺˵̻Ȼ˵Ԫ½һ̻ᣬҲܹŽǰʮĴڣڡ콾ϣֻһۣ޺ȷ˳ԲԪ½˵ݡ
Ҫȥڣ򵶵
а֮У̻ʮִ³Ĭһ£˵
ִ´˻ʲô˼һ򵶵
ȥ޲Tǡ޺˳ԵĻ񣬾â˸˵
ǡִµ
Ҳȥվ˵
Ҳã;ִµĻ޺˵
׷ġ򵶱֤Դִ˵ִ£ھͳɡ
롣ִµ
ܿ죬򵶾ִ뿪
޺վգ˵аȣ̻ĻᣬܷԸܹ̻ϣ
ʱ䣬Զһҿջ֮С
̶ʱ䣬ҲԼͨˡ
⣬ϻúͷԼȸΪߣȻͻһξ룬һԻݡʯҺ˲٣ĽȴģѾﵽڡ
ԶĽСһֻҪԾͿΪˡ
һ죬ǰ̻ᡣ
ᳵ·̻ᣬҵǸŮӣȻǵóԣ̬õҡ
ˣ΢ɻ󣬵Ҳȥ
һһµİУѾһߣһ꣬Ǵִº򵶶ˡ
ڣɨһۣߵʱһ˿â
򵶣̨֪γƺЦʵ
ԡԱ˵֪̻׼ҪĶ𣿡
ϷΪ̻Ĵִ£Ҫĵͼ̻ȻѾ׼ˡִºЦ˵
ŶԵ
𼱣ֻͼʵ̫󣬻̻ʱݼԪ½֮һĵͼֵȼĵͼҲֻߴŲУڣҲûб̻ľϸΪˣ빫ǰ޲Tȡͼִ˵
Ŷ²µòĻ̻ỹɣ˵
ԣִº򵶶һ㶡
˵ˣҾȥ޲Tһˡ˵
Ŷ⵹ϷˣӼȻ֪̻֮⣬ΪλҪȥִЦӾͲϷƭô
ͼڱصãƭ̻ỹڡ˵罣ֱ죬ڵأ£
˵úãƾ仰򵶾ͽˡţһͶ˵
áЦ
ӣھͳɡִ¿˳һۣ˵ȴǲɶ߿һۣΪֻƾһ֮Ե˽ԼƢǰԵ˲ô򵥵ġ


1128 
һ̻󷽣Ȼһ
˵ϴǰ޲Tǡ
Լһʱ󣬴ͣ¡
롣򵶰ֵ
롣Ц
ӣѾ֪ǻˣڴȺ򡣡ִ˵
á򵶵
߳󣬾һ׳ʯһ޴԰ֳ˳ǰ̨ͤ¥ﻨ㣬ֱһ鱦ء
԰룬һǧ׷Բĺˮ峺Ͽտͺһ澵һ㣬԰ֵһµӳУۼ
һưĴȻߣȴһִ֮С
һ߽
Թӵˡִµ
ס򵶰ݵ
ԣڴϷ޺վԳԣתһۣ˵̻Ļ᳤޺Ҳ򵶵ĸס
޻᳤Ե
ɡ޺˵
ϲ衣ִ»δ䣬һɫŮӶ˽һһ
ҾͲ㳽԰ɣ̻ĵɽ裬롣޺˵
޻᳤˵ɡԷ²ˮ޺˵
ӡִ¶ŭ֮ɫ
ãҪг㼸ֱɫҲͷĽ̻ύˡ޺һ֣򳽻ԹЦ
޻᳤̧СˡЦ
ǺǡһЦ
ˣȻѾˣҲֱˡ޺˵޲TɽһԶܾΪаȣ̻ᡢĶ졢»ԼΪĴѳ֣ÿһǲһκ󱲵ӽ룬Ϊʮһ㡣
ңһЦ
š޺ͷ˵аһϹħ֮أĵرȱ⣬޾ԶͨȻⶼҪԼĻԵܵõаһΪаֻһöӣаҪģǾ̻õа
˵޺򳽻˵º۳ɹ̻ᶼͼ
ȥһνаȾ˷ջҺûвӦɡ˵ҴӦˡ
ãˬ졣޺Ц
ʲôʱ򵶳ʵ
֮󡣡޺
áԵ
ţסѾˣסԷȥɡ޺
֣ɡ˵
롣Ե
ܹŴ𣿡ִ΢ģ˵ϾǶ˽̫ˡ
ΪˣҲѡ޺Ц˵˭֪һһλѡ
Ӣִµ
ãȥɡ޺˵
ǵսǳԣִµ
ǡǡ෴ǵ򵶡޺ҡͷ˵򵶲ŸոͻڣȻڣ֮⳽ԣܸоһ㣬Ҳһ㾪ϲ
֪ˡִ¹˳
һߣ򵶴쳽ǰԷ
֣ǽޣ²ʵ
Ե
ұһΣ˵ҲˣһͣҴţĴ֮Уƺ֮⣬ûڵܹʤңȴǲȥǳһսģ֮ǰĥҵĵֻҲʵѡ볽ִӦ
һҲһͣԵҲһЩ˽⣬ҲãǾ໥ֽһ¡˵
ã򵶸˵
˳֣֪ǰ̫ſռս𣿡ʵ
šԵ
ĽЩһﰡȻܹõһ򵶲Ľĸ̾˵λʮԪ½Ҳʮǲһǿߡ
ûȥ᣿ʵ
ˣʱҲڣǡź˵ʱܹΪĻδûҵһ
ŻһΡԵ
ţһһҪᵽһ򵶵ͷ˵
һ·˵̫ſռ֮£볽ԾǰԺһ㳡䣬ԡ
μ
򵶵Щȫֹͣԣ
ˣǳֵܣ̻ᣬһаȡ˵
ԣ꾪Ŀ˳һۣҲ̹Ӧǣ
Ҳڹ۲Щˣպöʮ꣬Ϊ߰ڣڡ
ЩȻҲǲ̫ſռħţ͵ȵĴڣҲ޷⡣
һ㣬ûܻ̫ſռ֪ˡ
ˣҪ볽ֱһǾֹͣ԰ɡ򵶵
ҪԳ֣˶һ򳽻ԣʱŷҲΪȴûһΪܹ򵶣ڴڣǶ򵶱ԣһ⣬սˡ
롣򵶰˵
롣Ե
һһɻ񡢳أ˺ʵ֮ĵɢγһƥǧ˿ƣ׹һ򳽻ԣϲ
ã
һ֣Ծ̾һ򵶵ĵذε£ȻҲһλţյһ˲ˣƶ˾޴ĸı䣬ͣԳҲûӣγ齣
ԽһĽһ㣬Ȫʯתнĵ
ৡһ£Ҳһ򵥵һƥеóԾͬһľ𣬶ʱǧѩƮѹӢһȥͺ赸һ㡣

Խɿռ䣬罭ӹĵ콣һʯѣʯָϣ򵶲¡
ˣһ궼һ


1129 չַâ
⳽ԾȻ֮ǿֺ
԰̻Լܱߵʲôʱð˳ôһ⽣ͣ
˲ͬѰѵǡ
Ƕˣ˺ֹǲͬѰô򵥣Ƕˣ£ͥʵս֮ͽ϶ǿһʱ֮еһ˵
ʲô˻һǳһ
ˡڴҲͷ˵
ԣһ˵ȻԸţǰλڴڣܹһսĽɫȻǶô˵ˣ¾һЩҲȥԶ
һҲ͸ӹעⳡԾˡ
ʵҲˣ𾪣޷󣬳Ես龹Ȼĵô򣬶ôĺأԶܹǰ֪һʱĽĵжȥ
һ㣬𺳲ѡ
һ𾪵ڰеĴִ£𾪣˵û뵽Ȼһ۾Ϳˣ˵Ҳһ£ϣܹĥ£ɳ
𣡡򵶴һƷ·һ޴ķ֣ܣأ̤ңóޱȣ̤ͬһ㣬еĵѩѩѩһ㣬৵һ£ѩһ㣬ɵֵ
֣һѧģСˡƿɽһԵӣη
ĺáҲһߣ壬ĽƼӳҷһǰ˲һ̤Σǧһɨ
Ѹ֮䣬һϡ
ʱԾ͸ܵһޱ޼ʵĵͬһ㣬ѧģģģһְɽӵš
أ
ڶ̤ϵĽƱǿʵһ㣬Բá
ҲԽĳһһ㣬Σ˰Եϵʣе齣Ҳ֮ӳʱһ쳹أ糱纣ԨϢصһһ㵶顣
ɫ΢䣬Ԫĵʵݳһ֣ʱӹƽһ
ͬʱҲ̤˵ҲӸ߿׹纣ԨϢԵ˼㡣
ʲô
ʱɫٴһ䣬ȣƥĵ־ϯӳ˫űѹ£̩ɽѹһ㣬ҲǴ󿪴ϣޱߣޱ޼ʣ޵
ѧĵռ
ۣ
ԵĽƾͬһһһƿ
飡
Ĳ
飡
岽
飡

ֻǳҲûп齣趯ؽͬһ㣬ΨҶеĽʶΪģ̲˷Ĺâﵽ˰֮ƶ֮䣬βɨķ
һ㣬򵶵ĵͱƵһɶͬ󺣱ƣɽ±ݻ١
顱һһɷޱȵĽƺɨʱ򵶵˳ȥɫҲһ󳱺죬˫Ŀսֺ꣬űĿƵĶųԣȵãҺþûôʹˡ
˵֮䣬ϵĵԽۣ˵֣Ȼǿҿɲô׾ʹܵģٽһǧ
δ䣬ֻ˫浶ѩĵֱָԣ۳֣ϣԳһۣ֮ͺǴʯڿɽһ㣬ͣڵϵǧнյĵ
ǧͻĵҪСˡ򵶴һ絶һк糤羪̾ӳϴǿգδδһȴǱ޾ļ˳һ򳽻԰ȥ
һʱ䣬죬˵Ķ֮ͬս̨·һ궼ɫ䡣
һѾñīݣ򵶵ĵĵĵ־ģҪǬ
ն
һ£أѿգ纣ƿգױȡ
һԲҴ⡣
ΪһϣһʣӸԴϣͬ㣬ͬǣǵͣԵĽ͡
飡
߲
飡
ڰ˲
Խ˲һǳɵʩչ糤һ£Ծţףֻһ̫ǿˣ뵶ںϣҪѹ⵽ɣֱӹơ
һδֺն
֮ܣ
վʯ·بžվһ㣬һն£һ׹ƣִȥ齣һ޾ռ䵴Ķ·ﶼ
һȻǻռ䡣
һϣܵĹЩƣҲԪ֮ͬԳһռ䣬γɻ籩֮ﶼ
ۡһܱ֮飬ռ䡣
ʲô򵶴֮ܣĴǣоɫ䣬裬ֻʱռѾϮ޿ˣͣһս⣬
һ£ʮǿ߶ɫ䣬ζ̲סˣΨڴڻܼأҲһš
ۣۣۣۣ
粼˺ѵ𣬻ռķԴԴϣ
ʲôɫ䣬ͣͣסΣ𣬡޵Դ
쳹ʱɢһգǰֻʣһˣɫޱһվ貣еı裬ŵһӣûеԴͷû˵
һжƽ
ûκ˸һһûˣȴѾ򵶵壬뵶־ϣΪһ壬ͷ·һһ㣬ǵ
һ棬ʤԵһһ
㣬ԸиȫעںϾ뽣־̶


1130 Ԫʹ
ǽͣη޾壬һǰӭѶϡ
ն
ɫɫɫɫɫɫֹ⻷ڳͷۼ齣ϣֱأֱбԴն˳ȥۣһж飬ս̨ҡռ𶯣򵶵ĵնɫϡ
أ
һ죬뵶ϯȻɢ
𾪷ǳĿУ򵶵˳ȥƺһһѪ̧ͷ򳽻ԣ˵ˣ
ҶѡЦֻͨд裬黳޵ԴкܴĽչռ䣬ԲĻ²ͨĵۼѧ
㾹Ȼô룿򵶳һ漴͵ͷ˵ҵ޵ԴԴĵڶѧĸǿֻͣС֮˵Ĳڵۼѧ
Ǻǣˣһս͵ΪֹɣԺʱԡЦ
áЦ
ԻһۣʮſĿ⣬˾壬⣬ҪЧ
Ҫ֪ʵɱ˫λڴܵĲڻ£Ҫһսغ֮ھͿԽսһΪЩˣҲûҪϾһɽ֮ˡ
ӾȻǿ˹ڰеĴִѾˣĿ˸â˵ôоûóȫĪأôܣͷһִ֣¶Լסˡ
һ̣ɫһ䣬һ˵ѵӷҲɣⲻܣϷڣ޳ɹĴڣôܷ֣ˣȽϢ߼
ʵϣȷʵѾ˴ִ£ֻûеѡ
ܿ죬Իصס
תʱȥ
һ죬۵뽣Ĺͬ㡣
Ԫʹ
ʱȻһ
ôʱˣ򵶾һ˵ߣ֣һȥ
áԵͷ֪Ԫʹ˵ˣƿԪ½еλ磬Ԫ½õļߴţԼ̻Ĵ̻ҪϹԪ
򵥵˵ƿԪ½еǻʵۣԪ½ǽ򣬶̻͵Ľ󳼣Ԫʹղ󳼡
ǰԺֻһŮ߽Ȳһ߸ϵִֹ̬ڽӴ˵԰˫÷λʹˡ
š԰׵ͷһִ·еļƣҡڵڴϵȥӸӣ˵ִ£޺᳤أ԰һۣԲԲͬһһ㡣
ҲֻΪȴʾִ¸һȵơ
˫һĿĴ󺺣һޱȣ˫ĿŨܣռӲ촽ʵһӲС
÷һݵŮӣ÷ͼĵķΣһֻ÷ȡ
԰ңһٲȻղ󳼵ģ
ִ¼жŭ⣬û뵽һ£԰ˣĹѾˣ֪ʲôңλúʸİɣֻ볽̤˽
ţ԰Ƿֵʱһ£ճ鶯Ϲ˫Ŀһ˿ŭ⣬ȴǹЦϷ˭ô˵ԭֶҲգϷλþǣϷ֮⣬˭ʸ
ղ㸸δȻδӭӣǶԪĴ󲻾˫
ߣ֮λ޴ǡ˵Ҹȥˣ¸
Сӣ԰㾹񣬿ҪúõĽ̽ǡ÷˵˵꣬һֻɿݵצץ򵶣ûѪ⣬û֮·˵һ
÷Ҷ񣿡ִ´ŭ˭֪԰һЦ˵ִ£붯ŭһһǿɢȻִѹסˣ԰˵Ȼͬڣɱȴͬɱһ㣬
أ
ִֻ±εˣһѪɫҰס
ͬڣʵȴǲ԰ֹһ
ִ¡ɫޱ䣬ȴǴ÷ǼСӣ㻹ǵԼɡ
ɶţȥǵͣȻ԰÷ץסһӣѧġ
÷һ˵þĵԸɲδ䣬˫ɿݵצۺɫʣ÷ԶԶȥצ·һ÷һ㣬ʡ
ۣ
ʱһ죬򵶵ѧıơ
޵Դ
𣬲ʵĻ豦ƽ÷û뵽÷ͨһʩչ޵Դʱ򣬾Ѿƽٶȱһֹ¸ɿݵצ£򵶱ץеĻǵ˲ɡ
ִ´
ٺ٣СӣסûʵͲҪ˵÷Ц
Ҳɫޱ䣬ˣֹһצ
ʣ
ǧһ֮ʣһԽĽ֮һ֮һ
꣡
һɨǷۺⲨͻ飬÷צ˻ȥһ˫۾䵽˳ϣּϸ˵Сӣʲôˣ
֣ȣһ֪Լ볽֮Ĳ࣬ڱϣˡ
㻹ûʸ֪ҵԺĺȵ
㡭˵ʲô÷סˣţԼĶ䣬оԼˣһ䣬ôûҽŮ˹һȥﻹû˵ء
Сӣ֪ʲôô÷
֪Ҳ֪Ե
Ҿɱ㣬Դȡ֪꣬÷ŭˣɱۺĻһۺɫ򳽻ԡ


1131 ƾ㣿
֣ԣ򵶺ʹִ¶ɫ䡣
ǶÿԵҪúýѵţ֪ʲô˶ôĿˡ
ãúãСӣ֪ô÷׵ŭˣҪɱԣһ˫ɿݵѸٳӯŵ÷ˣҲʢˣ򳽻ԣҪ۴⡣

汾ԴȼգڳڹĶ߿Ծͬһأ磬ͬβһ㣬ɨ˷÷һУ÷ȫ
ۣ
Աƽ÷ӣţ÷Ūʩչɡ
㡭ô֪÷ɫ
ߣһž֪һ壬ɱԼ˵ŮˣҲ֪ʲħЦ˵һۼ÷ʱ򣬳ԵĿ䵽е÷ϣ÷˵÷ԼϢһģһԳԲдۡ
ɶСӣҪ÷⻰һֱģ񱩵ķۺĻϯڵһ㱬ըκһ򳽻ԣСӣȻ֪÷Ū
֪Сӣ÷һŪ˳÷˻˵
½ƣ÷ŪһϹͨѾ˽ˣȻ֪ô˷Ҳ÷ŪԼĽ־Ҫ֪÷һս֮ʱ־
Ȼ־ѾﵽףԲȴҪ
˳మ֮ˣ᲻֣˼֮࣬˸γϣҲ÷ŪһŪ˳
ңԽ֮ˣԽܵӰ죬Ѿ̹һˣʩչ˾½¶ζ䣬ضֻʣԼһˣһи鶼
һ죬˳ͱƽ⣬˵ţʩչɣ
ʲô㶼֪÷УһõԤУ˿ȴǼϣò߶ȫ÷ǿһ÷Ʈɶͷ·һ԰һ㡣
÷Ū硣һ񡢱£·Ѿ˸γϣ˻Ҫ˵Ҫ뿪Լ
Сʲô·ôô÷÷Ū˫Ծ˵԰ˣ÷°ɣ
Ʋ̳֡԰˫˸⣬˵
ǡ˫Ӧ
ߣ𣿼ֱ̫ˣҶԽϵ£ΨҶһơһԸ÷Ůû뷨齣һɨΪΪ𣬰ԵԻƵɢɨķ
һ죬һж飬·Ѿһ
ôܣ÷
ûʲôܣʩչһУɡЦ
СӣԼ÷һѾ񣬷ۺɫ˫ִĳӡɣ׷һɰȥɢͬ˱ˣʹѣᡣ
һжᡣ
̫ˣ÷Ū̫ˣơԲҡͷϷ񶨣÷ľңһѪɳȥ
÷ѵһ˫γкһ򳽻ԣȵôСӣҾҪ
ƾ㣿Ц
֪Сӣ˫ɱ㣬Էйеŭɡ˫׳ڷŨܣīһͷܣ˫֮ˮкҪ롣
ɱ¾𡣡
ɱ¾ħ֮󣬳Զڻɱ¾ղδǿľˣͨĽʩչԾ񣬺ο̺˻ɱ¾
һ죬һĵͱݻ٣ԺϯӰһѹ˫
ʲô
ʱ˫˫ĿԲӭĽ˺ڷ裬նб˺ѵĸоһ͵Ĵ߶־ӳƥͬһ㣬չֳԼķâ
һΪһ壬Ŀ絶⣬СҾһʽ˫
ֻһ͹ճ˵ϣغϣǾ˫һ㡣
ʲô˫о֪ôնơԽ죬罣ƣҡֱϣ׻ȸ䣬Ĵ޵ӰͷϿգռķںһն˳ȥ
ۣ
࣬˫ľһʽ˫ͱˡ
ڶʽ𾪣ʽηʽңննն˫ɢϢ絶һʽˮɵʩչնޡ
ۣ
ɲ֮䣬׻ȸĴޱնϢɢ˫𣺡֪Сӣʲôұȣɣ
֪ҿ֪η죬Ϊ˫ʵϣҲãҾ֪Լжô֪ҶҶֱ֣ǹϵҲɱ齣趯
ն
౾ԴͿռ䱾Դ춯罭һݣһ£ɢϢﲻࡢǳ࣬һж࣬Ψµ˫Ҫն³ȥգ䶯
ۣû˿ĵֿ˫һͱ顣
ҽһ˫ɳȥ
һĻ˵Ļʵڵʯ֮䣬÷Իܵһ̣򵶺ʹִ¶һ
֪Լж֪˰ɣЦ৵һ£齣նš
Сӣ㵱Ϸǲڵôʱλ԰𣬾ͬһ˯ѵʨһӶӾ񣬱׳һɿµϢɢɫ䡣
¡
̽Ͽ£ץ򳽻ԵĲ
һ£ϿվͬͿīһ㣬Ϣɢļ¡


1132 ս԰
á
ִº򵶶˶ɫ䡣
Сӣˡ÷˫ЦȻһĻȴǴסˣֻһն£ңޣ·֮䣬ֻһһ
Ȼһ
ۣ
һ죬԰ץסԪצ飬һĨԲ˼ٶȱƽ԰
ʲô԰ɫһ䡣
ߣܣ޳ɶ죬ҲûҶֵʸ񡣡˵
԰ŭˣΪԪʹ֮һλߣߴŵҲҪһû뵽ͷྐྵҶֱ֣Ƹ߸ϵСӣԪϣΪ˸ۣ
ৣ
˵֮䣬һѾն˹
죡
԰־ŭķչֱͳ󣬵Ԫʹ֮һܣ֮̾ͷӦһ¶ϴգʱһɳ۳һаɵĹצ򳽻ԡ

û˿ԥֶ̧£ʱһ޴ն۶ɹһʱһ˻ǹڶɿն
С˴ﲻ̣Բ֮λ綼ܹһ̵οһ
԰䶾һ۾˳˻𣬡Сӣ㾿ʲôˣ񳽻֮ӣ˵ûбƭ˵ģ԰дһʡ
ܲţ̡ޱ飬ӴϯͣһԹϷɵһɶ
ʲôˣ÷˫𾪣ִ¶ˣҪ֪ҲΪȻ֪֮ܵ԰ɲһܣһεٮٮߣҲܸԷǰһУѾ⡣
Ϊ𾪵ľ԰ΪԪ½ļʹ֮һʲôûмûм񳽻ţֱ޷ó⣬֮һŭڴܣһԪļʹܸԣǼֱĳ裬Բ鷢
ѹѹҪѹ
СӣϷС㣬Ҫɱ԰һ˫һ飬âţͬһֺҫɢķԳΪģʱͬˮһӿǺ˺ѷεĿ޺
һУʮֵĿ£ʣжҡԵ顢־ꡣ
Ե־ᶨܵЩӰ죬ͺûһ㣬齣԰磬ϯ޾
ʣ
ÿǰһ쳹һ֣һʮŵصĽȾ˷컯Ǭһ壬Դ棬ʮŵǬۣһйﱻ˺ѣһвõɢ
ৡһ£齣նһ糤һն԰Ĳ
룬ԵޱȣȻ˵Ҳˡ
ʲôСӣϷƴˡ԰ױŭˣͬһͷʨŭһСǿ׳ޱȣըζŨÿһ鼡ⶼ˫£һۼ֣ա
ͬڣ
԰ܣһԲκ֣תһĹУһǿﶼЩ󲿷ֶ԰µĴڣ궼ûӳȥ԰ֶ顣
ҲҪԳºֶˡ
ͬڣǹͬҲҪ
ʱԾ͸оһΣһ̴߶౾Դס壬ҲҴ⣬齣ȷû˿ĳɣųǧһ㣬˳ȥ
ལ£
ǿԽնȥɽӲࡢǳࡢղ࣬ﶼ࣬Ψصؽ
ңһ̺˳׽־ӵβơ
ͣ
һƿգ౾Դ罭һ৽أʱһ걻嵴ȥɳ⣬ȥ
ɶСӣϷ㲻ݡ԰ŭƲϴӡǵأÿһֻӡ̺һʮ֮࣬ÿһڴڣһǿ޵С
԰ֶΣͬߵԭ
ãʮҾһһȥȵ
֪СҪΪ˸ۡ԰
ħ
Բɫޣޱϲ߶ںϣʩչ˴ħȥ԰ľ硣
ã죬ҵס԰𣬲ϼӹ̹졣
ֹն
ʩչ깥ٴʩչʹϣ԰ƣڱ˼ϾʱӰ־꣬ҽˣʱľң޷ʮ
ն
ޱ飬һնɱһڹͬԷˮһ򵥣԰Ҳ̼
԰𣬷ҪסʮΪ֮ûʮͨڴܣʹλһҪʧȥǾԲܷġ
Ѿ¶ģôԸӴħ
԰ҽУʮﱻնɱһɶصһɳȥ
ˡ÷˫˴ʧɫ
ɡԵ
ҪɱңҪɱҡ԰˻ġ
ԣ֡ʱ޺ˣһ֣ͽ԰˳˳ǰһƽ˵԰ԪʹԪ㿴ҵϣͷŹһɡ
ü޺ԣģٵʮֻͨߣصԪ֮һܵͷΣĿˣ飬ԪѰһΪ͵ġ


1133 а
Ϳ޻᳤ϣһɡɨ԰һۣ˵
ߡ԰߰ȴǹһ뿪ֱ޲Ҹضȥ÷˫˾Ϳ뿪ˡ
ãܹΪڴܣֱеţа֮оˡ޺˫֣Ц
޻᳤̧ˡЦ֪޺ҲһϺ꣬Ѿڰй۲԰սԼҪɱ԰ų֣Ҳû֪Լʵʵ뷨
ԣ԰ԪʹԪ̻ﲻģϣ㲻Ҫ黳޺˵
סԵ
ǾͺãϢվͳаȡ޺˵
áԵ
ڶ죡
ԡԼʮ޺Ĵ³뿪޲Tǡ
аȣ
һƬޱ޼ʣɵ֣죬֦Ҷï޷ɱٲȪշ
ৣৣৣৣ
ֻһӰ߳Ȼ޺볽ԡ򵶵ˡ
ǳ󣬳һųǣ֪Բ֡
̫ˣȥóԶһСĸо
֣а֮У̻ᣬĶ졢»ᡢΪɶ㾡һǧµٮٮ߾Ķӡĺӡɽ»ƽһƺ׺죬Ϊɵ޹̷Ӣ
ЦȻЩȻʵ볽ȴǲһЩҲҪСϾǼΪаȿ˲ѪûеǲܵģҹĴСĽ
šԵͷ
޺Ҳǵ־˳Եİ̻һԳΪĴ֮ߡ
Ϊ˵ģаȲغ˵ļغ棬ܹȡаߣǿԵõٺô
аȾǰ档ʱ޺˵
ĿȺ֮ǧĹ·塢ͱڣÿһʮ֮ߣĵشɽ壬аɸߴסֱ֮䡣
Ⱥ֮䣬ƣȴһжޱȡ
̣Ծɽ֮䷢һ޴ɽȣ·Ԩһ㣬ܹȥȡ
𾪣ɫ

һ˿Ⱥ塣
ͬһʱ䣬ӰȺ壬ȻĶ졢»ᡢΪ
쵼߶ڴڣʵǿᣬ̬ϣҲʮ꣬󲿷ֶڴڣֻһСڣҲԿŵ̻ǿһЩ
Ȼڶʵϣ̻ԲţҲаһʸ
ڣ޺̻Ҫû˰»һƽ̣˫Ŀ񣬱˫֣̬߰޺Ц
̻ĸǿԽսĴڣƽɲҪİ޺Ц
ôҲֻڡ
Ǻǣδ֪޺Ц
ã̻͵»һЩעɡһ־̬ĿƵĶ޺˵
˵ɣֿ̻ʲôˣ޺һƽʵ
ʮҷֻᣬʮƷ̻ȡаʮƷʮһǧǧݵݣ»̻ᶼûеõա
ɽ޺
ã˿һЦ޻᳤Ҫýʮҷֻᣬʮ׼
ϣ»Ҳˡ޺ûгԣ޺϶Ӧ˳ɱڵĴڣҲеһʽˣο̻»ᶼ϶ͷˣ
ã֤ĶĶ޾̺Ϊɵƽ̳˵
ȻˣʹаȰɡ
һֻ̣޺顢޾̺ͳ˷ɳվɽ崦ʼӡ׳ƣаȡ
򵶣һġʱ»һͦΣ絶˵򵶵϶ƺףҲĶӡ
Ҳǡ˿
ߡƺһֲһ㣬һָ߸ϵʣ˭Ҳǵͣ˼Ǵ֮ͶԾܣʤܵ˵ʤΪˣһֱܱ˴ˡ
Ҳڹ۲꣬򵶸ļ˴ڣעĶ
ӡƽһ޹ȷʵǿţﵽΪֻһ۹죬Ϳͻڡ
ɲ塣
̫ſռ֮УȻջķᣬΪ齣ȴҪҲаȴҪĿء
⣬ǧҩɱ֮ػҲҪĲƸ׼
¡¡
ʱɽųϼһ𣬳һ޴ϼն
аȣһ֮ٴοǾҪ
޺˼ͬʱߺ
ৣ
Ĵһٶʮϼն
Уʱֻǰر仯ͼԼվһƬĮϣʱһɻưܵϢ̧ͷȥֻǲԫƱڣкܶ赴붼ɳûҲкܶбڻɳ֮С
ֻһۣԾһЩбƷʶܸߣǻʼֻѾʧȥ˹âΪ˷Ʒ
СҲ뷨ٳ齣˵飬Щɣ˵꣬ԴһԲǧ֮ڵĲбԾ齣ΧɢȵϢ
ллˡ黶ֵ


1134 ʲô
ֻǧĲб㱻ɣ齣֮Уһһεĳɳ
Ҳϻá
ҲҪЩбʵһЩ
֪ʱȥ
ԲʮڵĲб齣ͷӡ
󣬳һ˴ɳĮһƬ֮䣬뵣˲ݣֻƷҲ̫ſռ࣬ǼϡٵĴڣҲȡ
ֻҪмֵ֮Ҫ
ǧݣһЩϣֻҪõţòҲȡջҲӷḻǺһ𣬼ֱұרңԻûзǾѾҵˡ
Ϊʱ䶼ûΣգ涼ͳԷֿԽԶû뵽ȴΣ֮У»ӰΧס
ϵޣ»Χ棬Ŀȴ䵽ϣ̰֮ɫ˵ããû뵽ôãȻ˴˵еľϵޡ
⾫ϵ޶ĵرǼһףڿȷʵ˰
ǰëСʲô
»ۣĿ䵽ϡ
ѽѽУһҺģ
ÿɰС
Ҫţ⾫ϵץȥǹ׸гϣǶõĲƸ˵Իȡһͻ
ץ
һʱ䣬»ӾͶˡ

ʩչ񹥻ڵΪҲȷʵһЩ񹥻
ߣֻΪȴͼʩչ񹥻ֱ޴ޱȡһ»˵
أ
һ̵֣ɳȥˡ
ץ
УҪץס
ѽѽŭˣʮɸߴſһ׹⣬֮ˮкγɹ
⣬ǻ󣿡
ޣСǴ˵еޣǷˡ
ץƵ󣬽ͳͳץ
һʱ䣬»ӷҪץס档
ۣ
ָĹַ֣ӿ֣󼱣ѽиͣ
棬סӺܿ͵ˡ˵
ѽͷԼë׵ס׹⣬ǧɫ⣬ӹ̻󣬵ֵ»Ĺʮأ̺ʹо񹥻
ɶ޾Ȼ
ãããֻھˣ¿סһ׵Ĵڡ
ֲ˶ãҼһѾǿƳ󡣡
»Ŀж˸̰Ĺâ׼ʩչͨо񹥻Ҳʹַը沼õĻһζСһѽиͣҪ֪óĲֱ»󣬶Ҫʱ䡣
̫ſռĻܹ֮ԻסôˣΪļ磬µ»֮ۻʮֿˡ

ϼ죡
Ʒָ
ˣ
ɱ
»߶ɱУҪǿйƻ
ǣ
ʱѺۣ֩һѿˣвѡ
칥ˡ

ߣǳ˱ӵҽɱҵľޣ֪ôͻȻһޱȵϿ羪أѩһһĽ֮Ѹס
ʲôˣ
ɫ䣬еһѩ׵Ľ⣬ʱо˫Ŀʹʧȥ˻𣬺ȻǱϹ˫Ŀ
ߣһ£ֻԵ
ѽСһһ¿ȥ
û°ɣԴһעڣʵ
ѽţָ»ꡣ
̻ˣȻ˫ĿʧȥʶڣԿԣɫڴ˵»ĵӣɱǣ·һ֪ô
ͷ˻вң֪ηܺãҾȥ񡣡䣬е齣ȥһֱȡ˲Ҫնͷ
ɶɱǣ
ס֣ڴʱһȴֻһ߶ҷһ⡣
ʦ־ǡ̴
ƺףߣҲȲǡԻһۣ˵ɱɱ㡣
ɶ̫ˡ
㲻ú
ҪɱҰ
ܣȣģ޼£һ֣Ǻ飬һɨͽȫͷ­ѪעһӿڳԽ£ǵĴϵı±׶ȡˡ
ܺã飬㶼ȥհɡ̧ͷżƺף΢΢Цֱӽ߰˼±ע齣ڣ齣ͬһʵӤһ㣬лˣʮҾͿ壬Ϊʼˡ
áԴϲ齣ȼԽߣĽҲԽ
̻ˣ𶯣ƺ׾ͬһɽǧ֮⣬ӸųԣüĿϴŷ֮ãȴɱ⡣
ǹҽס֣Īûôɱ»ӣܾµ֪ôƺ˵
ʲôҪ˵Ϊ˽գûлٿˣеĵҲҵıɣĲƸҲӶᣬʬҲնϣԳ㻹ţҸ˵̬
һ۾Ϳƺ׵ĵһƷϼѵܹ齣գҲܹӲ
ɶҵϲ£ƺһӺ̬񶾣еڱɢĹ⣬ɭɭȻռѺۣ·Ҫ鿪һ㣬ವһһ򳽻ԡ


1135 ɱɽ
Ҳã»ƽһΪҿ㻹ƽһһ˵ҾΪɱ㣬ȥɱƽһ
ɶ飬ͷ˻䣬ƺ˹ʱ׹纣һӳذ˷ԳΪİվһŰ׹֮УȺĿ۷
ϧԵǳԡ
ৣ
ʩչʲôͨԶһһңһ־ɱУҪɱƺףߵĻᡣ
ߣٶȿ죬ҵٶȺܿ죬׺չᡣƺһϹЮƥԵڱһɨһʮֹնʮֹͻһѩ׵࣬ٶȴ볽
ɺ׳쵶
һʱ䣬ƺҲʩչ˿ףն£޾Զ۾ͬһֻֻ׺׷򳽻ԣٶȿĲ˼顣
һ׵׺չ໥ϣãܹӳΰ
ౣౣౣౣ
һɲǣ֮жİ׺ʯѵһ
㵶֪ôһЦһۣЩ׺׵ȫɢ羪һնƺס
ʲôҵķɺ׳쵶ˣôܣƺ׾
˵㻹ϣ֪ˣԺЦ
ɶҵġƺ׼Ŀ˫Ŀ죬ܵǧһĳԭһһɱ򵶣ڿҪɱˣΪһµĵ֮
ưٻɱ
£ʱ꽻ӣ񱩣ϯȴ£ǻ˿ߣͬһ㣬ǧ˿ƣһһһֲãⲻ̺ʹ˻깥Ӱֵꡣ
һ仰һʮֿ¡
ʩչ˾Ҳ֪ͽҲҪ֪ôЦʮؾǬҷʮأɱ齣һɨ鳽鶼Ǵ𣬷󽣲һ˽һϯ
բɽ緢һ㣬£ǧϯƽԭҰţۣǵȫɱȫȫһɶ
أ
ƺɫ䣬ҪˣѾƽ齣Ѿն£һѪϸߣֻƺ׾ͬ⵽ػһ㣬ݺ䵽ϣصһһŽڽ£
ۣɶбңһսͷŹƺ׺
ǴֻСΪھҪɱ㡣Ե
Ҫɱѽƺ˻
ɡ趯齣ĺֹͣòˡ
ৡһ£ıҲץУֱ齣ȡ˴䣬ʬ𼣡
ѽ滶Ĺơ
Һùļʱ롣µ
ˣѾǻǽͨ˵
֮ͨ󣬳Ծ桢ϻýͨǷӡ飬ҲǿԼ
ɱƺ׺»ӣҲõʯ͵ҩøʹá
аΪһȣȴǲС൱½ʮ֮һϿտȥаȵĵȷʵֳһɽȵ״ڿҲһɹ䡢ɭȻʣ۶
ϢʮֵĹϣʮϣͻʼƷʣǲḯġ
Ų룬аϢҲŨңһóļµĸо
ջҲķᣬ齣˲ٲ˲ٲб˽ΪףʵϣӡƷȻǻʼۼȴ飬Ѿ˵ӡĲ֮
ԣӡߣ÷ʵӣڳ˵Ҳһ
ʮһ죬һɽȣʱǰһĻסˡ
ȥֻ׹ɭɭ޹ϱڲԫбڿҲһɵʣŤߣģԶܵӰ죬Ҵ⡣

Ҳûֱ֣ʩչ˴Բʮǧ֮ڵĲбȫȡֱ齣ͷӡóͷ
УԾû֡
ʱоһɹǰһϿ֮ɢкڹ£һһ㡣
ϢǱȥ
ʲôطϢȻа񣿡
ƵأҪСġ
ߣ߸ǿƾ˭˶޷赲ǣգдԵΪѾоһɼȵĻ
Ҳоˣܺãûио˵һƷ
Ǿ̫ˣߣֵһȥ˵ɱˣħɱħ
Ͽ棬ӣ¹ڳ绪âɣһ㡣
Ϊɵӣ˫۾â˸˵ܺãҳԵ̽·ʯϢ顢뽣־ͬһͨһ㣬޷Ϊӷ֡
ȻҲΪǿԵʡ
ݣ
ڴʱһڹΪɵӽɲǣһ㣬
ΪɵӾ۾һͨŹâ߶Ĺס壬һ㣬ͬһʱ֣ػһ󵶣˽һ˵ĵѵ͸ˡ
л硣һµϲ˵
΢оˣҲһԶ֮صһػ֮⣬϶вٺöߡ縺ֶϽ޷Զݣһְ̬
˵öԣߡʱϲɽϿ֮С
һ·룬ʱɳ˽ػ


1136 ջķ
ܺãЩȼĴȡ˵
ܹоõϿĻʮǿңɢϢͷ·һݷУǳҳҲоâ֮Ȼ˲˵ֱһ鱦ء
ͬʱҲ˲ĲϣϢȡ齣
һУϢ
ʼס
ʱǰһֻһⱬȻһ˽ɫǹйϻƺͼĪ⣬ʮ¡
ͷ̳֣ǳֶ£ǳץȥǳ̣ǳͼ¼Ī⣬ǿƥһѾץס˽ɫǹ緢Цǹʹá
ϲõǹ绢̹ϲ
ãֵܷˣҪһıȡһʼǿʵ˵ڴһս޹̷ӢǶֵܵĶ֡ͷЦ
ԣ˵̫ˣһʼԿ޹һս
ǲΪɵľӢš
ߡ
Ϊ껶ޱȣϲɫԱıϿ
ȻлʼѵԵڵزɣâ˸΢΢ʵˣҾԲǵõҵĻᡣ
ȻΪɵǰһȡʼóȲѣҲûţһ·ȡϣͬʱ»ԻķضΪɵӵ·
һյʱȥһƬԳǰȹϢһʳһһľܳΪ˺ӡӡұڡ
һۿȥֻв
ȻһԶء
ĸоڻ汾ԴĻڣ·Ҫһ㣬ѹƣβΪɵӺ档
ʲôʱǰΪɵѾǰľסˣֻǰһߴĻ¯ÿһǧ֮ߣ湴󷨣һܣɢ
¯Զʱ¯
찡ﻹжı
ʲôʮ
磬Ƿˡ
һʱ䣬ΪɵӶ˷ޱȡ
öһĻҲ󷽵ĳԷ֣һ¯УȻһǹӦоУʼ٣ȻδƳɹ
֮⣬һ¯µĵػ𣬶һɣÿһƷо֮ࡣ
ͳͳˡͷ˷ܵ
ǡ궼ϲ
žžžžʱ˺һƵֻ˳һƽ˵лǴҵɱأҾһȫʬɡ
ʲôˣ
󵨣ô㣿
һҲҴԲѣ֪ô
Ϊ궼ɫһ䣬عͷֻһڴڣͶǷ¶Ϸ֮ɫΪ˵֪̻ˣܺãھȥɡ
ֻ˵޳ͨâһѳУ˸һ⻡ڹ৵һ£羪һ򳽻ԵĲҪͷء
ҿ׽£һЦͨ彣⣬磬ݣٶһǰ齣һ˺Ѷֽۣͬһ㱻׽ɷ۴⣬С䶼ȡ
ߵܡ
ʱĿ¶ɱ
СӣɱߵܣҪ㳥
ɱҪˡ
ɱߵܣϵ¶û˾ȵ㡣
ͬһʱ䣬֮е˳֣ӡ죬ȭƥ죬ֹϼ⣬ǳ䣬ϯϲճһĩվ֮һжΪҽ
ͳͳҾҪ֪ΪҪľ򣬸Ҷҳֻ֣һ³֪ôӺûб飬Ŀľʣ齣Ӷн£ۣ궼ɱ
ʲô
꣬ͷڣǺݺݳһɫǾ䣬¶˾֮ɫͷ̴һ˵һ֣ɱ
׻죡
ǳƣ
и
շ۴ƣ
궼ڴڣͬʱ֣ƺƴǴͷ羹Ȼʩչ˴иҪһɱԡ
ͳͳԺһЦ߶治齣һն׻ȸ䣬Ĵ޶һ˳Ȼնץۡ桢ɽһ֣γһ档
ۣۣۣۣ
궼һѪػһ㵹ɳȥ
ৣ
٣齣ն¡
һ𣬾౻һ룬ҲûжɱƬͷˣ񵨺Ͽȳܣ̴𣺡ɶʲôʱ˻󣿡
ɡЦ
ɶ㲼õģͷ
ߣɡһ罣纣һ㽫ͷûۣʱֻһѪѪ׷ף䣬Ҳȡϲ١
顢ǳɡ˵
ˣ齣ͷӡ֣˵ö
ǹȥҰǡԵ
лˡͷ񶼴ϲ¯룬̣ԾͽĴıȫȡֱ齣ͷӡڣ鳽ͷɳʱ嫣ҡ
ʮżʼԼδƳɹİƷͳͳ齣ͷӡС


1137 ;
ʱͬȪһ㣬ζжˡ
һӡϢʱߣﵽˮ׼޽ӽʼΪҲﵽڣ齣ҲǴﵽ۷ĳ̶ȣ鳽ҲΪȻҪȷӡѡ
ЩԶ⡣
ˣڸðЩȡˡԷӹȥվ¯Ͽգ죬޾⻷סԶһֻ˫ץ۳Ԫ֣ৣʱֻƷȡ

̽һʱ䣬Ʒͳͳгɻ汾Դͻ˴ɡ
Ʒҽ汾ԴгɣҪľˮֱԴɣֱҪپƷüͷһ壬ĿЩ
ҲãͰаҸɡйâ˸
ৣ
ͳϿȣСһѽиͣ·һ㡣
̰ԵСһȥɡ΢΢һЦʮҩ档
̻ʣǹһԵҩ
ߡԵ
һʱ䣬Ѿȥʮ죬û޺УѰа
аǴа޺аλãҵˣҲ·Ŀܡ
һԫǰ
δٽԾѾоһɷϢĻȰȱΪζ
Ƿ
ϢеϢһ޶ԺױҼڻϸܵϢֻһɣܷõصĻԵ
Ҫ֪λ磬ħλ磬ڼصĴڣɮߣһ⣬ʮֵǿǻгԵĴ죬ͼλ涼ŲС
ңһŸֵİɹ˴ħ˻еķ֮ͨ󣬳ҲԽԽȤˡ
˴ħ֮󣬳Ըоֻ֮䣬һεϵ
ָоʮ˵

䵽棬ֻɫĴѾưܣϵʯʨѾ绯ˣҲоһɹƴϢ
һԽУ۴һƬưܲԲѾ࣬촰Ѿá
ֻ˽ȥվ˴۱֮У̧ͷǰһΰһɻ¼šܵڶ
ܣһ΢Щʧ
ৣ
ʱͻȻһץʱֻ·һֻ䵽УѾƣ滭˷ޡľɽӣϷ·һ֣Ϲ֣Ƿ֡
תļ䣬һԪסģ׵ģħתһζӿԵľ磬ĸ֡;
ʮɷ֮ͨһʮλĴ;
ԴϲȻ;Ƿͨ򲻻ڷŵļ䣬ȻҪǹ˴ħһж豹棬ڱԴ
;
һԴ߶ͨʱһָл;֪Ϊ֮˵Ⱦʱڵɱ¾ŭޡԹȵͷʧˣޱϲ·ǷŸɮһ㡣
ô棿Ծϲֵ
Ѿ;жս֮ϣ°빦绢ˮ

еĽģҲоһɷʣͷһ齣֮Уʱ鳽鷢˵ˣʲôҺһҪԽԽá
ˣԷ齣ϾȻһڷζ󣬺ȻĴȣ·һѽǿԶɻħʥһ㡣
ãûˣԺһһЩ˵
ǡЩź
СӣղõǷȻĽҪ⽣ҿһ㡣ʱһ֮˸ǵص׹һµ߳ʸ߹룬һ㣬ӳ˵
ӣԵ
Ȼ֪ңҲӦ֪ҵֶΣѽҿĿ䵽齣ϣһ˫ͫʱ΢˵飿ĽȻ͵飬ãã˵ȱʹõģҰɡ
Ҳã̬ݵ
̻Сӣһȫɱӿ糱ˮһûųԻۣҪԳɱڴˣ˵֪СӣҶҶ֣Ҫ֪޺СӣҲҵĶ֣ο㣿
ôһЦ齣һɨ貵ĽͬѤõ̻һ㼤ȥɨ˷ȴһĨӢķ⣬ҫȥӣһִȱΪ
һȻ˴;
ͨԿ϶޷ôʹãͨĴ;Ͳһˣħһ˲˴;С֮齣УС
ʲôɫһ䣬оԳԵɱʧһֶƽ͵ֱͬһ

һֻӱ˳ȥôܣ
á̾һĿƣĿ罣˵ӣسɷ־ܰɣ
ޣƾҲͶֱɫ׶Ŀ¶׹⣬ȻһĨɵ˵СӣҪΪһֹķͨҪ㣬ֻСѣӿ
Ҳֻ֪֪ܹ㡣̬Ȼޱϲưƽͣ·õɮڶӽ̻һ㡣


1138 ȥ
ɶаҵǺ޺ӵʱŭ߶Ԫɽһӡɣһâʮɫǳ֮⣬˺Ʈζһ֮еĸо
ͬһʱ䣬Է·оԼվ֮УСҵֵ
ɡӺ˵
ڤ粻顣һ˵ضΨһƣ齣ʱһɨңһϯȥأسһƬâ磬ֻǽ⣬ÿһɱˡ
ۣۣۣۣ
һʱ䣬һ죬ĭһ㻯Ӱ৵һ齣ͳƶֱնӡ
ɫ֣͵شһȼѪһھѪѪһƮһſǳܣУһǺ۳֣ȥ齣⣬֮Ҳӵɣɱ
δ䣬ʱɽѣ罭߸䣬·ǳըһ㡣
ֻǳʮֿɲմȾӵľѪʱѪɫɢŻϢɱ¾
ʱһ˲䣬Եһͱƽ⡣
ɫ΢䣬ȴԡѪɽ̤ƿնԵ˼㣬һ̤һǳ䣬һѪк£ͬĩһ㣬ɲ֣Ծ㡣
ԣǻʼͨҵѪ뾫Ѫ֮ױȣ㶼޷ҾҪ㡣սⰺȻ־⼤ֺ
ߣҿֵ˶ãһһͷڷ𽣹һĹͷͬһһ㣬˫Ըգ齣趯ǿ˼㡣
̩̬ݣ費·κ¶޷Ӱ쵽ľ
ৣৣৣৣ
ӭȥһ㣬ƥبѴĽ٣һΪΪ𣬰Ե֮ɢ޵е˼㣬齣·ҲΪڽ֮֮ǶԽ
Ȼͨʲôڣ౾Դ壬пռ䱾Դأκǿͨռ䱾ԴһںϣǽһԸֱˮ
бޱȣ඼ҪըˣӢҪɱԵ̬˵ֱһ޴ĳ裬뾫²ĥĺۼҪƽѹͱɱԡ
ۣۣҧ⣬ھѪ˶ʱΪһѪˣ̤أͬѪħһʱ䣬ɵɱɽ塢ֱħն
ݿ࣬ûɳһ㣬ԵĽͱûˡ
̺Ĵ;ȴǸǿˡ
Сӣҿôŵ
ߣӣΪնɱôǴشˣ֮ûгɱɱ㣬ΪĴͨ;ѣ˵ˣҵУһĥʯ˿˵
ʲô;ʮɷ֮ͨһŲǷͨô䵽Уɫ䣬ɴ۾ųԣһŵ˵
ߣģˣĥʯѾûˣȥɡԵ
ɶ̫ˣããҾͿôɱңжԳԵŭԳԵĺޣ֮ˮϴ৸ɾ⻰иѾ˺ѷˣ˵ĿɱˣڳѾɱǧٱˡ
;ĸ򣬷Ķͽɣɣ֮£;֪ɡһڳԵϾɢһʥâȦǧ٣һһɢȥһӣԵʾ͸ıˣޱϲŭ޺ޣ·ʥͽ
ʲôжԳԵĺޣԳԵɱ⣬ʱڴʥ֮£һһεļˣɢˡ
ӣڴ;֮£˲ܹϴɮһ飬ƽͣ״̬ӣƽ˵
·һص궯ˡ
һ̣һѪֽŭɱǧѾƾֶξܹӰôҪڣžŹһǳһǺһǳںһ壬ǹһɱǰ
ףС㡣һ溬΢Ц˵Ѳ˴;
˵꣬һ߳³ֽⲨƣһһڳϵʥâ貣һַڳȽնҫ磬ۣ֮Ѫͣ£ǳɢ
飡
һ죬ֻһȦʥϯϣʱɽһ㣬ɳȥ
ߣԼ֪ҵֶ˰ɣЦ
ɶǲˡġѪϢ˥вҡҡ׹αˣҪܡ
ӣֱ̫߹ԼˡЦһͶһݵһֻ齣ͼ˳ȥѿգ羪̺۵һûӵʺ˫ĿԲʣ嶶һ䵽˳Խ£Ϣȫˡ
ߣһȡĴ䣬мͨһ̱齣֮С
󣬳Ծ뿪аȥ
һ·Ҳĵӣһ⣬ɱһóԵĴ֮д˿ѾҪɱˡ
аȵĵʮ죬Ѿ˲Сջ顢϶в١
ȻҪĻǴĴ䡣
˱ɱһĲƸڴ֮У棬ʯϡݡӦоУһҲһʲСĿȻڳ˵ʲôǧҩɱ֮صķչҲǲСϾڷչһҪ޾Դ


1139 ƽһ
ʮ죬һ޴ɽ֮С
ˣ
ǰﶼûʲô֣ЩʧʱڵĲ౾ԴȻһĸӦ
ףô£ɻ֣ͷʶһʮǧһֱԲŸо˲౾ԴӦԴ֮أһɽȣа֮
ѵʲô˫Ŀâ˸౾Դ֮һãǵڣһЩǳԲ֪ģھȻӦһӵ顣
Ծǰȥ
Ҳ̸оʮӰɽȣлмǿڴڣѾﵽ޵вս
ֻ񳽻ԵսѾܹóˣ˵޵սǿսҲǳԵĶ֣ҲֻôʮǿߴڣѾɱӺƺ
ԣаڣܹвԵĴڣûС
˵ܲٲܲپ͵óԸоһǿߴڣ˻ԶѾоƥĽâ¶нȣض·롣
ƽһ»͡˵ҲãҲֻнеĽܹ齣ǿɱ㣬ƾɣһޣ齣еĽǽ֮ҪɳеĽ齣İġ
һ˲䣬Ծ;Ҫɱƽһ
ৣ
Ҳȡ
ȥžûκƣ߲һа֮һļ¡
𣡺𣡺𣡺𣡡
ͻȻ֮ڴһ˿˿Ǻһ˵Ķɲ֣˲
һʹһ󰡰Ĳҽ
ҲֹңʱƽһǾͣΪȻҲڣȴӵǿߵսڴҲһս
ֻķһǿĹꡢ顢ͬˮһӿһӾͽûˡ
һ̣һһĽɨ˷˷ȥۣһҽûüѾ˽֮¡
ۣ
ƽһһն£һ𿰱ڴڵĹҲɱ
һУʧ޾а֮С
»ľƽһÿ°
찡ֱ˫ͣȻҲڣĶ֡
ȥһʲôߣҲȥ
ԣߡ
ʮĵɫ䣬ֱƽһȥıӰǶ־ᶨ֮Ȼȡᣬûаװ׵ͣҲҪȣҪĻԵ

꣬־Ҳβȥ
Ž룬ڲ౾ԴĸӦҲԽԽǿңóɻ󣬵ʲô˲౾Դ
֪ﲻʲô˲õĶһ̽
ϢںɱЩпͣһж֪
齣ﵽʼˮ׼ҲԽԽˡ
ţֻҪɱƽһȡеĽ齣ɣɵĻʽʼΪƽһıһʼ̺ڽ͵־һѱʤʮʼ
һ·ûκι²ⶼΪƽһǰ濪·ԭɱеĹҲԴ⵽ƽһʵͬһ㡣
ҲһǿĹݷܡ
˳Զ⶯ɱЩ뷨ֻѾԴתΪħٹ̣Լľꡢ϶ĥ޷ȥĺۼҲ˵ħӵлֻħѡ
ͷֻһԾʹͷ
һݾߣҲ뿴ЩͼΪԲ²⵽֮о֮ҲĿ֮ġ
ͬʱڲ౾ԴĸӦҲԽԽǿңǿĺҪӦ֮ռݣ·֮Բ౾Դо޴һ㡣
ߣЩͷ¶β֮ҲҸƽһǰ׳ôʱǰǧƽһɱ֣ܵҳһһɱֶ顣
ɶƽһ㲻ú
ʦ֣ҪɱҰ
Ҹƴˡ
һ˲䣬ָ޾һ⣬ƽһɱ
ߣ
󣬾ͼƽһһܣԾһ֮Уټ
һͼһ֮࣬붴ߡǶжصı죬ûбƽһ֡
һǳԣҲȥˡ
ǰһƬڰУͬһ㣬ޱ޼ʣСĸоͬʱһɻɣ֮Уʮֵأ౾ԴĸӦҲ֮ǿϡ
ʮֹԳԵʶ޷Ϥȫռ䡣
ħȥ
ƽһǰȫңڿռ֮ж˷ĽۣȻĽѾһߵľ磬ڲΣ˵˭ˣ
ˣҲǳڴĶ֡
һᣬͼһ޴ʯųǰϡƽһУԷ̤ʯţʱоһɹ֮бƥֻһڿռзݺᡣ
һӣ
ʮֹϣľľʯʯƽǽɢһɹϡϵϢ
Źֵ棬׭һϵ壬ģϹ֣ǽģϸĻͺ֡
һ
ܿ죬Ծͷر֮涼׭һ֣Ȼǽľˮ

ڳԵԺ֮Уͳ֡
౾ԴǿҵĸӦԴŹ


1140 
ʱƽһŹŹ
֮⣬ȻһͨѩףӨ񣬳˸ߴлǹŵȹŹֱ
Ƿ·ػߣƽһߡ
ݣ
Գˣ߶治齣һնͬһ£ڣһûɽӣһ죬һײԴһһš
ʱڲ౾ԴһеġܿƱڣڲ౾Դ
һ˲䣬Ծ͸о˲౾ԴϢǿһЩڵĻԴȻͻƴɵףʱԾоҫ⡭
ৣ
ɲǣԾ;
ʲôһԼбԴž޴ã֡
𣡺𣡺𣡡һŭеİ׹Ǵ̣Ĵ򳽻Ե࣬·𲻻ͨĹȴͨӿ£ҾкǿĹԣķȻó޿֮С

ʲôˣ޲ߣ̲˷ʩչԪռ䣬齣һնۣ׺䶯ȻǷնƥ׹׹ϯ£Ծ
һ죬ͱˡ
ৣ
һû뵽ƽһͻȻ˹ȥݺݵ˵ʲôˣҹУһֺһϵģӳԵĴڡ
ߣ
һԷ·һ㣬
ɶ񣡡ƽһлɫ趯ɫϯХҪԵֱնϡ
ϧ⼸͹˽֡
飡
һ֮󣬳ƽһ˳ȥҲȥסƽһͳԶˣɱ¶
һֻ̣һǹ⡢һӹġһǴ̡һ˳ꪻ˹ָĹ֯ϯƽһˡ
ƽһһչֱײܿͱ
ˣҲɫ⼸ʮǿӵ޵вεսһԻ񣬼ֱ뻢ڣ޷ˡ
Ҳô򵥵ĽɫżΧƽһˣ̳
ֻ⼸ϻֵ֮ס
;
˼磬ͷתԻһӰ;齣ϣʱԡʥɢ˼ϣϵ׶񡢲бҰ֮ʱս
ûᣡ
һ˲䣬ƽһ̳֣
ߣ֮õĵͦõġһȥ;һӾ׶ɱƽһһֲҲһ˲ʩչһ
ֻۣһӲ˺һ
ȥһ𣬼ɵĺϻ̼֮˼֡
ɶ̻Сӣ㾹Ȼô֪ôҪһСƽһȻŭɱĶųԣȻһҪɱԡ
óѣл治壬౾Դӳһ£ռ䣬ʱƽһٶ̴󽵣˭֪Ƚ¾
룡һȣԼᣬռ˱ˣٴʩչһʩչֹնৣһֱӱķݣҽаȥ
ɶ࣬
ɱ
ҪˣлһŻ
ɱƳԡ
ʲôǻһ⻰ʵҲ˳õʱ䣬֪һЩأܹǣϻ֣ȻǷһ򵥵Ķ
ûбҪ֪ġһ˵
أ
ڴʱƽһ˽ռ䣬һһ㣬ֻǻסƽһɱ򳽻ԡ
ն
ն
ྫ֮
һκһǳԵĶ֣ЩԻƽһԾ׽ˣɱжãǻ۾˲ྫ֮ɱ
ˣ
ͬһʱڣоһ𶯡
ն
ľˮбԴۣɫ⻷һһһնɱҲûţڴ˿̳֣ɱȥʣµŭѣԳɢǿҵɱ⡣
ڴʱƽһһ򳽻ԣصһֻԱ˳ȥȴǻȻ£ƽһɫһ䣺ôܣʼףӵеۼףôܣ
׳աЦ
㡭ƽһŭ»ŵӣͣȴû뵽ŴڳгԿҪɱû뵽ȴɱ
ԭҲǻ֮ƻޱȣǹƽһǳԣǶҪɱֻҪһлᣬǾͻ֡
ý˳ԵΣΪѾɱ򳽻ԡ
ʮŵǬ
û˿ԥԱ任һɷʮأԵǬִصĽ˳ԶԶȥԾͬһʵıչֳ˷âۣһɨɨı˳ȥ
ˣ
Եˣ۾־ʩչԪƽȺһ㣬չ˷ɱ¾
ʺ˫ع֮£ǳԵĶ֣ɱһɱһֻʣһڳԽ֧ţҲ޼£ջƻˡ
𣡡
ƽһȻɱ򳽻ԣò˳ȥ
ɶ񡣡ɫȫ纣һ㡣
ৣ
ʱƽһȻȡһ


1141 
̼˼ԹޣΧɱԣƽһ
ۣ
˺õĻ᳽ŹһȻ֣飬֮ɷ۴⣬궼ɢ־ץȡ
𣡡ˣߣһɱƽһһɱԡ
;
ԸҲԸȴޱȣ;ʥࡢĹϯϣʱ׶Ϣɺͫ
ʲôͨƽһ˾֡
ɽȴûĶԪ齣ɨƵմȥռһ󣬶ʱһɽ壬һˮ֣վУ٣
·˼һ㣬½ɽƿ֮¡
ۣۣۣ
ɽ罭ӣ쵸ֻ죬ｭɽҪܳԵ׺ƿأһ˲䣬͵˳ȥ
أ
ͬʱƽһȴǱ˳ȥ¶𾪣ⲻԴڳʩչĴɽʧ˵ɽʮɷ֮ͨеĴɽ
أ
ȴûô๦糤ɨķ齣ԶһնʱһĽϣǣ̿һץҪȡ
ֻƽһֹԡ
ûᡣ
ˣƽһϲһ⻪貣罣ʰ£һ
ŭƽһˡ
עǵĽ֣Ϊǳԣƽһô򵥿ԶԸ˵ġ
ߣҲԸƽһֱǲ֪νƽһһ죬չֵ쾡£Ͼһоͽˣ৵һһ㽫һ롣
𣡡һƽһҲֻ¿֧š
ͬʱʩչһǷ׾֮̾նɱһһֹնһ룬ץһšȴƽһ𣺡ס֣ɱ㡣
ԭҲһ̣ɱһ
½
һԷ·ûһ㣬齣ƽһִԪ֣֮ȡˡ
ɶ̻Сӣ֣Ϊʵҵϡƽһŭ˫ĿĶųԣ˵ϻ˿飬еĻɫɢɵĹâӿ֡
ϵһһƽ̬ݵ˵
Ҫƽһһɫһɫ򳽻ԣ֮糱ˮһûͬʱһǿƥ̩ɽѹһѹ򳽻ԣҪһٽ
ڤ粻飡һȣľˮɫ⻷ۣȡϢɢȥ۳һɫԽݺǬһĽϣһΪ۴⡣
ʲôãƽһɫ䣬û뵽Եʵ˿£ԶԶǿļ򵥣ˡ
ڲˣˡ˵
˵֮䣬Բ̤ЯϽƱƽƽһϾռϷ磬ƽһ岻ѣŭɶʲôʱôĽͣԲ̻ˡ
ٷϻɡն齣ɽ罭ӣ磬޵УҪ̵ʱɱƽһе
ɶɱңǳ롣ƽһһЯϽ̳ȥҪӳ˫Żɫ۳ִ£϶ն£ɽӵȴ̱һֵ˻ȥ
ʲôɴ۾ǲš
Ԫ
ȴǳ㲡Ҫ۽־Ԫռ䣬ƽһٶȣֱʩչһңֻһ
ɱңҾ͸ƴˣ컰˵ĺã͵οƽһһ߶ԪʩչԼϵƣʱһƬɫϯ
ƽһ罣һ㣬Żɫɱ򳽻ԣɶǴԶ֮ʱǵֵסģηɱ
һ˲书ƽһʩչǰʽֱɱ񣬷ɱ
ϣ޾η·Ѿ֮Ժһ㣬ۣռ䱻˺ѣݺݵն򳽻ԡ
ʲôֹ̺򣬻һ֮ں󣿡Ծâ˸
ɱƽһɱ޾鲼ռ䣬˷ɱ⡣
ƽһĵƽԲҴ⣬ֹննһ˲ӭȥ
ۣ
һ죬ٴռϷ磬ƽƽһ
ɶⶼɱ㣿ãܺãҾҪҲҡˣһ̣ƽһǰչֵ쾡£·֪Ϊ֪Ϊ⣿֪ΪΣ
ɱɱɱУֻһɱԣ
أ
һ죬ննϣѪӲ˳ȥɫһ䡣
ʽλοࣿƽһ˫Żɫֳͨɫâһɫˣ̤ɱ򳽻ԣһѾ޷ݣ·ƽһһ㡣
ƽһԼնµһ
ؽ
֮ܣ
治
طһ˲䱻ƽһһƽ⣬ƽһĿƵĶųԣɣ
λñ䣡
һ£䲻ݷ֮ʣʩչ˾ݻϢĻ󣬽ƽһ˵˽ȥ󣬴ħľ磬𣬶ʱһ
ۣһʵˣȻƵóһѪǿסۣʱƽһһѪ޵еĽʱȥȫҹһ߷һ㵹˳ȥ


1142 а1
ôܣƽһڳǰɴ˫Ŀŵ˵·Ҳ·Ѱʳԡ
Ҫ־͹˲õĶ˵
ۣ
齣һӣͽƽһ룬УвʯϺһףˡ
ĽҲȡ
ãܺãʵ񲢲ƣӦòֹʽ鿴һϵͷ˵
Ҫúòһ⽣
֮󣬳Ծ͵ƽһĽ̺˾Ľ־ʮǿᣬһĽ֮Уʱ齣Ľ鳽Ҳǳޱȡ
ˣ
һɷɢ齣ͻﵽ˻ʼľ硣
á齣̾˵
лӡ
úɣѾȶһ¡˵
ǡ
󣬳齣һУȻνĻ̷֮ܳԿƵ黯ڣ˲౾Դܣһ
Ǻ׵ģľˮһγһӵ
ˣ
ʱڵбԴۣͻ˴֮
бԴɣ
һ㣬Զû뵽
óԾĻں棬ɢһע벻౾Դ֮Уʱ౾Դ£Ȼͻƴɵס
ʲôȻܹò౾ԴԾ
оһ㣬ϲ־ϲֻһбԴͿͻƴɣʲô


磿ǰֿԾ;򵥣ĻǻؼûڣһԴɾǻԪҲ̺˻֡
ϢϿԭʼ޹һع鱾ԴζһóԽԽɻˡ
⣬ûв²Ļ֣֮еǽľˮԣôҲз硢סġڰԣĻǾͲ˼ˡ
䣿
۾ٿȻһԲ鿴䣬Ƿйڻļ䣿ʧˣҲ֪Ǻδڡ
˼ã䱾Դʱ
ĵȴǴ´ζܷŹϾܹǿԱԴĺö
ڶ޷֣뿪
ڶʮ죡
Խаа֮ء
֮󣬳а
½½Ըо˲ĶӡΪɵ޹ǿߴڵǿߡ
Ҳ⣬־ԲҲﵽĽףһͻƵףͿʯѪɾʯ֮壬һͻƵʱڴܶκβƵĻڴһս
ЩԶ㹻š
򵶣
ʱԶ۵򵶣˿ĺӵĶӵΧߣֻĺһռϷ磬ǱƵ򵶵ˡ
ˣһƿշɳ
ݣ
һն£ǧ׳ԶԶȥͬһɫӺƺƵĺӵϯһ¡¡ǿƥ
ʲôˣ
ĺӴ󾪣æһĳƷӭǣһɽһ㣬صǣϣ͹µһͽӡ˺ѣȥδһѾ˵¡

ĺɫһ䣬ææ˳ȥĶĵӾûôˣ֮䣬͵ʮˡ
֣ˣ
򵶵˶ǴϲӭҺļʱ򲻿롣
ߣǳԣδ˵ͽĺ˹ͦΣ˸Ľԣһ£ӣüëа죬򳽻ԣʵ
˭ݵ
˭㲻֪ĺһ⻰һЩûԼĶܳӣţ˵˴ţ̻ᣬĴ֮ҲӦ˲֪Ŷ԰
ƾʲôҪ֪ʵ
㡭ݣãҾͽѵѵ㣬֪ĺӵĺӶڷŭ˵
ԲѡԵ
ɶĺŭɶͺһŻҪһ㣬һһgɫڶ𣬾Ө͸һˮ򳽻ԡ
СģǱ档򵶺
ԣ˫΢Уâ˸
СӣұɡĺƸ߸ͬһɫӡմ£ͼһɫͬһ򳽻ԣ֮ռȼգֺǱᣬʮֿ¡
治
һȼգ໤壬Ծʩչ˻治齣ݳƵ罭ӣ࣬ŵĻһƬ֮·սϽŵһ㣬񵨲
ն
׺Х״ۣĽǧ׳ƻʮ㣬صһӭɫϣУ͵͹ըһ㣬ðһȦȦ⡣
磬ɽ֮ƣ֮Σ齣һӶͣﲻƣǽ룬Ŀռ䣬ͺһ澵ӣǵѿһ󣬳罣һƽĺӡ
ʲôӣƣĺӼ־ŭɴ˫ֻۣƽƬͺӿֳٿȻǴһ˪һ㣬ƶصų߹ȥһٶȿ籼ס


1143 а2
գ۹ͱƽ˳ԣ£дȣŻ𺮱δ䣬պ죬ֻһоʮɸߵɫ֣лУѹ򳽻ԣ̩ɽѹҪһѹԡ
ն
ˣ˿壬һǰɫ⻷ۣͷϿգ齣һɨ쳹춯أһն£ۣ¶ϣһһ飬һоʮŲ㡣
ӣӡĺӼɫޱ䣬ƤӶ˻һ𣬹ͺӳ
ֵôЦ
𣬾һХֻȻʩչͨй֣౾Դ壬Σһ㣬һûãصһһȡ
飡
ֻ̫ײĺӵϣ˾ͬһ޻һ㣬׷˳ȥѪ磬ɳȥɡ
ʦ֣
һĶӴ
ԴݵԴ˽⣬նںбԴȻˣʩչĻҲ
ˣô죿
򵶵ȴǴһŵĿųԣû뵽ﵽ˵زĺҲĶ֣漴һк
ʦˣ
ͻȻĶһ̫ˣʦֺúýѵ⳽ԡ
ʦһԴ
ˣ˭Ҳ
Ķ˴ϲ֡
ĿȥֻһǹⱬӿվһӰƮƮŨüĿһֱ־ƣһ֣Ķ˵ĹԶڱˣĺȽϣҲǲ硣
Ķӣӣ
ʦܣˣƮƮɽٵ˳ǰƽ˵
Ƿ򡣡Ե
ܺãܺãΪ仰Ҫ֪ôӵڲһһ˵꣬Ӿˣÿ죬ȥҲ졣
ʦ֣Ķ˴󼱣Ϊβɱԣ
аˣ
ͻȻһսĺź𣬳Ͼ졣
ʲôаˣȥ
һʱ䣬ǰ˹ȥ
аˣһæ˵֣Ҳȥɡ
ߡԵ
Ѿ֤ʵ򵶵˶Ϊףǰȥа
һаֻһöа֪ˡ
ǰǧԶĵطһ޴Ļɽȣƣһа֮֮Դ

Ե˻δٽһҽ
ػޣԾ
аһˮߣڴڣΪ޵ԵʣʵܶһƴΨһû۳졣򵶵ͷ˵⵽˺ˮߵĹ
šԵͷ
ǧ룬Ʋ̣Уֻ˲Ϣѡ
һŵ˿ＸŻϢֻӡĺӡ޹̷ӢһɳĺɫܲǺˮߡ
ڴߵĺ󷽣һͨڵĹҶ֦Ҷïǣգа֮㣬һƬҶ̴С붥λãȻһںڷĹʵӴСͨ羧ʣɢһص
а
۾һԶ˫ĿŹ⣬оаĲ֮
СġԶһ䣬ͳȥ
ôʵ
Ǹǣƺˮߺǣժȡаͽˡ򵶵
ǡӦ
վס̹ȥͽڴʱԽ̾һΧǰ׼жɱ
û˵ӭȥ
ɱ
궼ǳɱǰָͨ򳽻ԣֹȥа
ƾЩҲֹңһ䣬ɫ齣һӣռ䱾Դӿ齣Уʩչֹնʱ̫ҫһ㣬ۣʮȫɱѪ׷ɡ
ס
ʱĺ𣬰һֱ򳽻š
ͬʱ֮ʮΧԡ
𣡡ʱˮ޹ӵ˹Ѿ·磬ˣ߲ˡ
ˣҲ֣۾һڷ׾֮ǰʮľ磬ۣʱֻһӰһȥˤ÷ǡ

Ҳһ˲ʩչ˻̫ϢԨ̫գۺˮߣһϯ£Ǻˮ߶ʱ̧ͷ򳽻ԣһ˿
ৡһ£Ծ˹ȥһڽаץУս䡣
ס֣а
аҲҲժȡô
ɱ
ӡ޹̷Ӣ˴ŭɱӿԣչͨҪɱԣڴ˴սˮߣû뵽ȴȣβŭ
𣡡ֻû˳Եѹƣˮ̷Ӧ޹ˡ
򣬳Ա˳ȥ
ʮֵգ޹ˣǺˮ߶ֹܹͿѪѹƺˮߣòãһԲſ˳ժа
ס
ӡ޹̷Ӣ˶
ৣৣৣৣ
Զû֣չɱྫ֮չţ衣
֣򵶴ϲ
ߡԵ
áҲ֪˳ȥ
ǰֱײһƬȷѪ꣬ûֹܹ뿪
˶ǴŭѾĻû뵽˿ӣֱɱǻҪܡ


1144 а3
׷
˰Ѻˮߣ׷ٳԵˡ
Ǻܿһ֮У沼õġ
ԭ֮ǰԾѾ׼»Ϊľͻ״
󣬳Ժ򵶵˵ȴаȿ
ʮ졣
¡
аȿˡ
һЦҲսͨڣ޹˷˳
ɱ
˴

ֻǣԺ򵶵˶һЦԾն
ʲô
˼˴󾪣ɫÿ
а⣬Ĵ壬ơ޾̡޺˷վķ˴˶ӡ
Ǻǣ֪аᱻ˭ȡ֣޾ЦǺǵ˵
ӡ޹ƽһ˵ʵ࣬Ҫаܼѣһػ޺ˮߣϼˡһƽ
һ˵ʵ޵ģϷĪЦ
֮Ƶ
ˣ֪˭޺˵
ţ˶ն˭
ܿǾ;ˣӣҲ޹ƽһȻ̻ĳԣ޺ߵĻ˶ȳ˻̻ᣬﶼסοԼһܹõа
ֻǿϵϲɫʱжһȻ˷˵ףȡаˡ
ʲôãã̫ˡ޺һ㶣ʱϲ
ôܣ˾𾪣š
޻᳤аֻǵһˣ޺ǰóа
аȻа޺ϲ˵
˾ɫһ

ʱӵǳˡ
ˣӵ˶ǲҳ
ššһа֮о̻ʤˣϣλ׼ð޺Ц޵˵УҪʮƷʮһǧǧݵ׼ð̻ȡ
ߡһ˵»ѵ˲ɣͻȻĿһɨü˵ףƽһƺôûг
ţûпʦֺʦ֡һ»ɻ
ʲôɫһĿ⿴аȿնһõԤС
Ҳǻûгɡ޾̺ͳƶ˶˵
ŻȵһȣϾаϻһյʱ䡣޺˵
šɫһ
֣˵ƽһƺ׶˻᲻ˣһԵ˵Ҳãֻǲ֪˭ɱǣ˵꣬򵶿򳽻ԡ
Ҳãʲô޳˰ɡԵ
Ҳԡ򵶵
¡¡
ڣһյʱ䵽ˣնرϡ
ɶƽһƺѵ˲ɣʱɫޱȣݺݵ˵
ţƺ޾̶˶ǳжһ˿ϲɫ
ӡ޹̷Ӣ˶ɫһ䡣
ţ俴ƽһʦֽһߣлмӺ£ֻԶԶţûиȥҾ뿪ˡʱһ»ͻȻָԣ˵
ʲôĿһһɿɲϢϯ򳽻ԣ˵˵ƽһأ
֪Ե
˵߳Ϣȫ򳽻ԡ
ţ޺æ˵
޺ÿһӣס޺ĿĶųԣȵ˵ǲɱƽһƺף
ߣ֮λ޴ǡ˵
Сӣ㲻˵ǰɣϷĻ꣬ƽһƺǲɱġ˵
ң޺ɫһ䣬ȵ
޻᳤Ų鿴һɣûɱƽһƺףȻҪơ޾̶ͻȻ˵ȴ޹ӵ˵Ļ֪ǳ֮ʣδܵõаĿųԡ
ǡ޺ԴŭһһͼĽ˳ϣ˵ԣǵͼȥߣֹǡ
⻰ٻһۣµͼα
ߣûôסȣץ򳽻ԣϷڴܣһСҵƤӵߣϷ񲻳ΪһЦˣ˵֮䣬һһֻԪֱ̽ץ򳽻Եͷ­
飬ң޺ŭ
޻᳤Ϣŭơ޾̶ͬʱ֣ס޺Ц˵żһ¡
ǣ޺ŭѣȴǱơ޾̶ǯס
أ
һһƾͽķ˳ȥѪ磬֫·Ҫѿ
ףСӣ㾹ȻֵסϷһƣܺãƾһ㣬Ϸɻƽһƺ׶ϵġɫ򳽻ԣǿƥԸ޷ֵ
Ҫ֪ܹ֮ƿ˫Ĺ죬һΪ˫ͻã첢ι̣˫¡
ɲ˫ڴܣǧ꣬ȻﵽһβƵľأԳԵʵôܴƣ
ۡԵһѪһѿƤ·ѣ͸һѪ
ߣܣһץ򳽻ԡ
Դ·Ҫըѿһ㣬ʱĽʾȻͻʡ
ףСӣû뵽㾹ȻףѹԵֵסϷһƣܲˡһЦ
ࡣʱĴӴзʯѪֽץ齣ƥƴϼ˵ƥɱңδ䣬һһӴɢ

һ̣ͻ
ʲô㾹ȻͻˣһЦ˵Ϸ֮Ĳ֮ɣ˵ţָţӥצ绢צצһץ򳽻ͷ­


1145 µ
һбԴױԴռ䱾Դ౾ԴۣһɫĹԳ˳ܡ
죡
ʲô㾹Ȼô۳˹죿ϷӲˡһ˫˸˺εɱܣǧ꣬ʲôûмһͻ۳˹죬˵ǿȴ𾪣Ҫɱԡ
γԳɳĻ»һΣ

ͬʱԵʷ˾޴仯ȫʳѪʯ͸©һа֮·壬һʯһ㣬һһ˻еܿͱ
ʯ֮壬ʯ֮塣
˲䣬ˡ
ֻóԾȵĻں棬ʯ֮徹Ȼ治ںϣѪɫʧҲɢþӨޱȣʯһ㡣
һ̣Ե˼㣬֮
˾޴ĸı䣬Զɻˣ֪ʲôˣ
û˼ʱ䣬צѾץ£ޱȣֻһץͷķռ䣬һУ·ȴоԼǸȥҪ⵽һץͲˡ
ն
߶µǣԻӶ齣һնɫ⻷һХ顣
ҶϷ֣·Цֻצһӣɫʱɢݣƽԡ
ˣƺ޾̶˶ǳһû뵽ԾȻʱͻˣڵΪȻһצûץԣֱǷ˼޺ȴǴϲԣߣ
أ
һ죬Ա˳ȥ
ৣ
תߡ
ߣȣ飬ԲߣͶˡΪݺΪԳԳ֣Ѿ¿ˣߣϢһȥͻΪ˴źͼ̻Ц
ʮŵǬ
û˿ԥʩչ˵ۼ齣һˮһɷʮأΪΪ𣬶ǬĽɢȫλ飬˹һɨ˳ȥۣ֮ɽ廯Ϊĩ
ৣ
󣬳罣һޱ޼ʵɽ
Ӳˡɫ޹⣬Ȼŭ߶죬ͬһ̫һ޴ĳѹ򳽻ԣ˫ֿտգȻȭƥȭϯ˵СӣҲȭ㵽
δ䣬ͼһһȭӡ컯ɽӰռ䣬ֱֶһȭһɽӣһȭһľһȭһ磬һϢһʣ·һʶҪһȭһ㡣
ۣۣۣۣ
Ǵ࣬Ѵ֮һ㣬Ǿ콣ͱȭһ򳽻ԡ
Ԫ
֮ܣ
ʯ鲻
ɫȻ񶼱һֱߣ˿иȵĴռ䣬·ʷʩչںʯ֮ʡʯ鲻ǳԸΪʯ֮治ߺһ
ֵˣں󷽴ȣȭƥЯ˿µĻ
أ
ռ䱻򱬡
أ
֮ķѡ

޾糱ˮһȭӡ齣˳ϣ˳ȥȴǺδ
ʲô
ˣ鶼һ

Դ߶ױԴѸһ
ɶ񡣡ŭĳԾߣ׷˳ȥɢȨյƺ޾ɱ¾ͬբĺһ৶ƺƵϯǧҪֹԡ
ħ
ˣ̻˾Լ־ʩչ˴ħľ硣
ǾʦһЦҲ빥Ϸľ磬ΡܿɫˣⲻͨľǴ󣬴ħ
ˣ
鲻»ƽ̣̾ʮ֮ͨеĴħľ磬ͬ汻ȼȼգӰ顢־

ʱʹôħ̫СϷˣϷ»ƽ̣ڴܣ־ԱģԶҡģҹ̣
ȻܵӰ죬˵ģ޷ֹħԶסȻȴԵľ˥ȥ
᲻ٴʩչ
ˡ
ʱХ绢糿һ顣
һҧ⣬һھѪʱȥħѾˣܵ˴Ӱ죬ˣֻڴܣޱȣӲסΣݺݵĿųԡ
ৣ
һ̶̾ȥдȣƥ׷Ȼ鲻֪Լı죬˴ħʹϾڴܣʵҪɱԷܡ
ɶСӣӲ˵ġҪ׷ȥһھѪѾСҲֻܸųʧǰ
ƽ̣ʱ򣬳ƺ޾̶˶ģɫһ䣬ɵǡ
޺ҲˣҲ𾪲ѣû뵽ԲûбץסѺ˵ôңҲʮɻα˵ģ
ߣӽթˣһԶŲеľӣϷ򲻷ըˡ鵱Ȼʵʵ˵ĻͶˣ⳶һ˵һ߷ߵģһΣϷҪʬΡ
ӣ
ƺ޾̶ԶǴһһۣ֪²ô򵥣ǵͷ˵ԭˡ


1146 
ߡ޺һ˵飬̫ˣһڵ֣Ϊһƽ̡
ƽһƺڴϣϷΪ»ƽ̣ȻҪɱ޺ӱֹ»ΪУһ
Ѿ뿪ˣҪɱȥɱɡ޺һ˵ɱû㣬һˣڲھʵƵ⸱أͻڣҲǶ֣ͬʱҲ»ѣԼΪ֮ɣ⣬ǵ֮Ѷעϡ˵꣬޺ȥˡ
ɶ񡣡ȴҪɱԣΪǴħʹ۲ѡ
ȻˣҲˣƽ̱ءƺ޾̶һۣ˵
ɡγһҲûйˣһ
ˣƺ޾̶һЦȥˡ
ȴ˵ԶȥͨһͳУǰڡ
º
ɽ
ԽɽͽԪǡ
Ϊͻڣ˹죬Եʵͬ߼ɱڣֻҪڣʹնҲɱΨڴܹܲս
ңÿһĺڣսΪͨޡ޵СǿΡ
һսܹӳһǺߴ⣬ص͹˳ԵʵͨϾͨߣӵһͨѾܾˣοӵдħɽ󽭺ֻʥȾŴͨڶȻΪݳԹƣʮ֮˾ͨսˮ׼
ԣԲܹϴħʹѡ
һʼͳֵĻ׶༪١
ĿֻɽʮҪȥٶҲҪʱ䡣
ɽɽһؽӹһأ뵣˲޺ҲвϧϣȴǲڣȻѾ˳ȡˡ
Է۵糸ĸ·ԶԶȥͬһĽ
ʱǰȻ˴
򣿡
Ϣսеһˣ¶˾ݡ
ǰ˴սһ꣬Ȼ볽̫ſռһ֮ԵһΪͨ죬нɫӺɨķʵǿޱȣҲǲڴڡ
һκβˣԷҲκβ
Ц֣þò
Сӣ㣿ɫӣ磬֮ӿ磬ԣ΢Ծ˵
ǺǣģȰ˽˵Ц
áӳһۣ
СӿҲҲǵ飬ٹһȥҪ㹷һĿ࣬ò׺˶ݺݵĶ˵
ƾһ仰ҪԺЦ˵
ãӼˣôĻټȥɡ׺Цһͷïܵĺڷݣ׶֮ѩһӣͼһĸ򳽻ԣ縫ɽһ㡣
ݣ
˵Ȼˣ齣һն飬̬˵㻹ʲôԣ
׺ŭ
Ȼδ˵꣬һѩ׵ĽѾ˫ֻۣһȵѪѾǰӿ죬ɴ۾ǰ꣬һᣬʬ͹䵽ɽ£ˤķѡ
ɱúáЦ
ʲô˼ɫ䣬ǰ޺ˣоһ£Ȼһ֮У
Ҳҷģ˫Ž£۵һ˵Դͱˡ
һ壬ܡ
ٺ٣ܣһٺЦһͽɱ
ֺù򡣡Ц
Ҳһۣ˵ռʱΪû뵽ôڣٶȣǷʮǰҲǾ֮
ֹˡԵ
һȻҲκβȷʵҪһЩɣһҪᣬֻҪõͶӦˡԴ˵
⡭һɵ
ģʲôֱ˵ɡͷĻ˵
Ҹط˵Կ˿ܣ˵
á
һԺҵһʯǵͨյͿٸɾˡ
ԡһʯߣʵ˵ɣ
ֵ֪Ĵ仯ܷң˵ˣæ˵Ҳռֵıˣħʥ󽭺ɽҲѡһ
Сӣ㾹ȻôĴͨ˵ۺ죬¾ЩҲҪĶǴħʹʥ컯˾ܶҪĶųԺһ죬͵һ˵
ǺǣżȻ֮ѡЦ
ҲãҲ㣬ʯͻиʹ仯ҲΪ˱˶һЩ֮ͨһۿʱ֪СӲдˣԵ֮ˣһˡ˵
ǲ֪Σʵ
Ӧˡͷ˵Ǵ仯֮ھͽ㡣˵꣬ͼ³һ֣Զϡ
л֡Եõ˴仯֮˵⼸ͨҲѡһɡ
СӣֻлԮ֮ͨˡ˵
ֿˣѡһҽѡ˵
Сӣ㻹ƢҲգħͨǰҲӴȴ㲻䷨ڴ󽭺ɽ֮ĴͨҲۣʹʥɡﻥЦ


1147 仯
ãǴʥּ֮סˡԵͷʥ֮
ãԣܸܲʥôģ΢΢ͷСʵҪ֪ʥǷ֮ͨأ˾ܶġ
⻰΢΢һЦõʥľ
ԭˡסͷ˵Ե
Ҳô˵ԾΪ⻰Ҳ˵
ţΣԺǶһΪǱŴѹɽġͷЩε˵
áԵ
ˣôʵ
׼ȥһˡ˵
Ҫ뿪Ԫ½Ǿڴ˷ֱɣԺټ򳽻ԣ˵ԣκһ۾ͿԿΨ㣬ڣҲĽ
Ϊʲôʵ
ৣ
ȻѾȥԶһԺԻ֪
üͷһ壬˼⣬Ҳ˼ϻá滽˳û󣬾仯
仯ʯͨһӵˡ
ʮɷ֮ͨʮһλ޹֮ãֻܹ仯ܹʮɷ֮ͨһ߲֮۱仯˭޷Ϣ顢־궼һģһ
˵仯ֱɱ˶ᱦ߼޻ıرֶΡ
ԭԻΪڷѣΪ뱻˿ڵ»飬仯ȫԱ仯һˣڣ鿴½ʲôϵ
Կʼ仯
ʱȥֻԵαãòı䣬һģһģһǺͯģһòͨľƵ꣬ʮӣͨͨ
Ǵ仯ôϻþ̾
棬ϲˡ
ѽҲɻĿųԡ
仯Ȼ棬ҲΪڵˡԵ
šϻõͷ
ڶ죬뿪ɽǰԪǡ
ʱԳһ޳֮⣬ֻԪǶǧһƬ¥̨ͤڷٲʢ߲ɼĦ࣬󲿷ֶǰ֮µꡣ
ʱΪֻڣ˸˾С
Ҫ֪λ棬ǿҲֻڴڣԳȫõһ㡣
⣬Ҳ֪ΪԪǻһӼôˣΪʮڶյӡ
һҿջС
˵һһŵӣǰһ밡⣬˵ǰʮֱӳΪŵӣпܱ̫ϳΪӡ
ǰҪҲˣһµߡ
Ѿһˣǲˣǰˡ
̫ˣҸպþʮ꣬һҪڡ
Щɢ˵˴õѡʡ쵣ıɱ˶ᱦʬҰôĶ֪
ջڣʮ궼۷׷ףиߣҲоɥߡ
Щۣɫݡ
ЩҪʮֿ̣˵ڡ
ʮʱ䣬ǳԾסջУͨ
֪ʮʱȥˡ
Ԫǧ֮⣬һɽ֮ϣɽÿһɽ嶼ǧ֮ߣƣƣԼȺ֮ǷȪٲɺ׷裬ɽ֮У̨ͤ¥ɹһ㡣
Ҳһ죬ɽ֮⣬һƬǧɿĴϣۼǧ꣬һ⣬µΪڣڣмʮڡ
ûĻ⼸ʮͶΪŵӡ
༸ʮڴ֮е
бȻгԵһ
ΪڣȲߣҲͣΪŵӣҲע⣬ҲҪġ
һʱ

ֻʮӰ԰ʯϷ°׷ߣܣʮִ£Ϊ
ϷԳϣλǮϣϷɽŵӿˡĿ࣬뷢԰ף˵
ǡӦ
һ˵ɽҲС
һβʮΪﵽڵġǮ˵
Ϊ֮УҲʮСһöҲͻƵˡԳź룬Цһ֮ߣϣܹǴһЩϣ
ǰǮ̾
һһվһĹ㳡ϣɷԲǧվҲԵʮֿ
ʼ԰ɡ
ֻԳϺǮϾǴһӣǵǰߴʯľľʯʯ֪ʲôƶɵģɻʱԳ˵˷Ϊأ¼ȡǰһˣڿʼһأ;ʯʱʯӸߵͳֳࡢȡơ̡ࡢɫʯɫԽһֿˡ
ǡӦ
ãڿʼȡţ˫ϷпˣǮСԳ˵
һյʱȥȡ˱š
ȡ˫Գһ
ûмææܵǰȥпˣѡں棬Թ۲˵ĳɼȻԼѡ
Ҳſ̫ˣ˹ע֮Ҳ²ء
أ
ǰ꿪ʼˣֻ̤أһɺɢ·һˣһɽһ㣬һȭʯϣɫЩʧɫ
ʧܣһԳޱ


1148 μӿ
飡
ʧܣ
飡
ɫһ֣Գϵ
һȭһʽÿһ궼óԼı죬ʯ˸ˣ˳
һؿ˽еúܿ죬ʱѾ˴롣
ڹ۲죬õĳɼǳɫֻвʮˣǳɫжʮˣҪǻɫɫʱѾ߳ɽ˿ˡ
ڣֵ˳ԡ
ˣ
ֻȭһգŤֱȭͷͷһ죬һʯϣһƽɫ
أһ֡ԳϿ˳һۣ˵
ԣԹ¡ɼ̫ãҲŲ˵ע⡣
һ㣬Գϵ̬ͿԿˡ
һʱ󣬵һؿ˽ˡ
һǧˣİ˽ڶ֣˶̭ǲɽ
ˣڿʼеڶ֡ԳϺǮ϶˶վߵ˹㳡룬һӡʱ涯ҡ첻ֻһʯȽȽ֮ߣǧ
ڶصĹʯд֣дλø߶ȴﵽŰףɽأҲһءԳ˵
ô򵥣
ɣ϶򵥣϶ʲôŵ
ǰǲܵģ֮ӡ
⻰һЩ˶ɻ󣬵Ҳһ˶Լ
ˣŵǰŰ׶ûдﵽɽԳޱ˵
ǡӦ
ʼˣߺšԳ˵
ǡһеȵ߳ϣһʯڣȻ·һѹϣٶ½һѪʹһ
ʧܣʮߺšԳޱ
ǡһӦȫϣһסףף߰ףʱһ٣
Ҳʧܡ
ʧܣ˶һȻû뵽ʯ˼ѣŰ׶޷ȥ˵дˡ
ռ䣬ʯ̺ԽϣԽǿԲŻˡɫƽʯ˵
Էһ㣬Ҳˡ
ʯһռһǧףÿʮףһ֣˾Űף˵Ͼͬѹһɽ൱ڴ޳ɶʮ֮һҪˣɲס
ߣѲңǰʮΪŵӣڱصá
Ԫ½˴֮һյȻϿҲֻŲܹΪڵӡ
Ҫ֪һǰ̫ſռȻֻĽһᵽʵȴŽǰţһܹģ
ߣˡ
۷׷ף̬죬ߣоɥߣҲж־ߡ

ʱ߳һλƲò߹꣬һһʯһףף߰ףգ۹ʹﵽ˰˰ףٶҲܶ𿦿
ȣͻȻһһΣ˾Űףָһˢˢд֡

һд꣬ͷ󺹵
أһ֡Գ˵
ǡ߹ϲ
˵һ˹أ½½Ҳ˽һˡ
ȻҲҪΪ󲿷˶ΪԵʣҲвʧܣδʯ֡
׵Ƴˡ
׵ƣΪһԹأһ֡
ǰҿЩΪĴڣ嶤ԳΪŵӣ߸ǿԳΪŵӡ
ֻһһ£ţƤٲȻͬһ˳һΣʯǺӵŰףûͣ£ڴھŰʮ׵ĵطд֡

ƮƮϢƽͣ¡
ã׵ƣˡԳ̾һ˵
ǡ׵ưݵ
׵ʵûʹȫҲ޵вεսԿ˰׵һۣ뵽
˰׵֮⣬Ҳע⵽꣬ΪȻʮ֮˾ŵĲ²ǵʵܹǰʮ͡Ӣšȱƽˡ
Щ볽ûиϵֻᵽһŵѣΪ֪һţֻгΪŵӲһλҲֻгΪŵӣһʸͻԴ
Ԫ½˴֮һвԴǳҪõġ
ʱֵ˳ԡ
ৣ
һʯڡ
һף͸оӣ˵ѣȥףף߰ףͷðܼѵĳ˾Űףд֣£ڴڵĴ
أһ֡Գϵ
ǡ
һյʱ䣬İٶȫ˵ڶؿˣڲʮ˽ء
ãڿʼеֿˣֻҪܹͨһأǾܹΪڵŵӣɼһŵǰʮߣҲֱӳΪŵӡԳ˵
ǡӦ
¡
ֻԳϴһһ̨룬ʮÿһһľͷܳ棬Գ˵һսǿߵڿܣǾȫսԼֵʱΪ׼ǰһΪŵӣǰʮΪŵӣڰǵıŽбԡ
ʮߺţ
ٶʮţ
ʮţ
İʮһţ

һʮ˸̨ϣܴսһ
վȺ֮й۲죬ЩܵϢȷʵǿߣʵǷҾͨͨһ⣬ͨһ޶Ҳ˵۲һ飬Ϳ֪ЩֶܵΡ
Ҳһ㣬֪ЩܵʽͨҪҲܼѣΪЩʩչĶѧһʼѧ
ߺų̋꣬ڵΪҲǿ֮ܵУЩӲһоͱˡ
ԣһֿˣ̭ҲǷǳġ


1149 Ϊŵӣ1
ȻҲһЩʵ꣬ȻֻΪҲƾһЩֶΣܶʮغϡ
ģȻڴˣʮеĸ֣ÿһ츳ףʵǿҪһȣѧһƷѧ൱
ʮڴڣձ鶼ͨսˮ׼ﵽҲ桢ƽ׵ơ͡Ӣšȱˡ
⼸ˣҲһο˵ٮٮߣĻŵӡ
̨ˡ
ֻͦΣ׿ֻ촽һƬ䣬һֹ°֮С
ʵȷʵﵽ˶ˮ׼սһţǰʮغ϶ǲ£Ž·磬ܹ֧š
һһյʱȥ
ǵһ˳ʱ꣬Ѿ˵ʵԳϺǮ϶˶Цͷ
ѧҲʼѧȻĳ
أ
һʱڱܡ
Ц⣬־ĻһۣŴ󷽷̨
Ȼһʱ䡣
ǰŵӵһ
ΪŵǾͲˣŵӵᣬʱҲҪùϵ
һۣЩɫ԰ˡ
ֱһʱȴֲʮغϣϾ̫ˣοӵǿߵս༸֮𣬳ţԽսĴȴ
ֻƽ׵ơ͡Ӣšȱһ⣬һʱ䣬󲿷ͬΪ嶤ŵӡ
һ˾͸ˣ²ܳΪŵӣҲҪΪŵӡ
ÿһ˶óԼĿұ죬ž
ʮ̨ʮͬʱУԽеĺܿ죬һʱѾ˴롣
ڣֵˡ
ৣ
ڵһֺ͵ڶֱֵöйоأų֮̂һˮһ㣬Ʋκβ
Կܣɫݣûκν֮ɫ
̨£궼һνӡ
ৣ
Զˣûжý˫ȭΪΪܣܡ
ǽޣûнǽޣ߱޵Ʒη޾壬ľ񣬾񳤴棬Ȼ²ýڳԵҲչһƮȻζһʦһ㡣
ףһĻԳϺǮ϶˶ǾĿųԡ
СӾȻûбһȭſ£
ǺǣĺˣֻΪȻƼֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
˵Ĳֻͽѡ
ȻԾɲϿɳԡ
飡
һȭֱ糤ȭͷײڿܵϣȻһȭˡ
ʲô
ˣԳϺǮ϶ˣһҲԾĿһĻ滩Ȼ˵ע⡣
оˣ΢΢ЦȻΪѹڣڴܾ߱ģȻֻһףȴͻƵģǿ
⣬޳ʯ鲻壬ʯ֮屾ǿ벻౾Դںϣ͸ǿˡ
ӵǿսȻǿֵûгǿ
գԾһʱ䣬ҲӦܹȥǰʮɣ
һʣΪ˲౩¶ԳԹغϣ¶һ಻ֵģ֧ţսҲþ˶һߵɤۣÿÿʱܹѵĶ
⡭һĻ˶һһ㶵ģоԵõ˼㣬־ᶨ
أ
һȭ˳ȥǻһѪȴסΣͻɽһܣսһ
󣬴óԶѪˡ
Ͽ֣ʵһжƿ֮Уһ㣬˸ԳϺǮ϶˶Ϊ־ᶨ
СһﲻݶľͲһܹ⡣Գ˵
һյʱˣټһ£ŵӿ϶һŵӾûϣˡǮ˵
šԳ׵ͷ
Ѿˡ
СĲɣܼ֣
ǰ㿴Ĺͷˣ
찡ֱǲҪˡ
ֻԱѪ˺ۣѪĺ󱳣߹ǶԼ¶ˣ˿ˣ
ԾͺǴ򲻵һϢ˥
飡飡飡飡
һȭһʽÿһУԾһըһƬѪͼһţɫ԰ףѪͷȾˣһεεѪӷ¡
ۣˣһѪͣ˫¶Ѫ
ǲ¡

ܶ·ŭˣҵĹԡ
̫ˡ
˶һۣоǰ˿£־
һˡʱƽ˵
һĻѾ˲˵Ĺע
áȻԱˣϢ˥ӮԳϺǮ϶˵̾ɴ־Ӿ츳һЩҲܹ˳ɾ޿ܣ
ԳϣҲδ̫߿˰ɣһԵ壬˵Ը߰ĿǰΪֵֹʱģͷҲʢû뵽ھȻһС˷ͷ΢ŭ
ǺǣԽǺ磬츳ѾôҪˣֻһҪ֮һؼĻǣԵ˺ʹԳЦǺǵ˵
ôһ˵ֻΪֵܹһʱ䣬Ѿļˡ
šǮϵͷ
ɡԳϵ
ߣҾͲܹԽҡһ˵
ˣ϶һЦ


1150 Ϊŵӣ2
飡
ͬʱɴڱĵλȿܱƵˣûеֵֻ֮ڿ֧Ŷѡ
С̫ˣѵ֧ŵΪŵ𣿡
ҿСӿûˣŹ֡
ǰΪ˳ΪŵӺαأŵӲҲͦõô
˶۷׷ףǶΪܹΪŵӾѾˣȥʲôŵӣ
ҲǳǲͬĵطƽڼįڳΪߣҲΪˣһһߵڣΪ½һ߳ˡ
һ㣬Ͳ츳дԵ˵ܹģҪǴ֡
һ㣬󾳽ΪҪ
ۣǾĿУٴһѪĺ˳ȥ
ûе¡
һ£˶һ׵ģǼˣ񳽻㲻Ҫģǻм
ŵ˵Ѿжӳ
ӡ˵
ȴǲ֪ѵòˣƱˣʵ˴󰭣һ¾ͻָˣа룺ֻһЩ˰ɣգԾͲӲˣ˳ȥ
أ
ֻԵϥ˵ϣȥ
ڽˣ
ˣ˶˿ʱҲŷԼһĶųԵĽҲɡ
ߣһǲôһ㡣һȻ˵
̨ϣ԰żվԼ´ѵҩ󣬲ಽ±̨
ܺáԳϺǮ϶˶ͷ
һЦؾصվһԡ
˼ԣ϶¶˻ٵ֮ɫ׵ơ͡Ӣšȱ˶˳һ΢ЦΨ˫ֻǰ߸°ͣһ߰Դı顣
ˣɫȻ
һʱֵһ̨ˡ
һյʱ䣬ȫ
վڵ档
ڹǰһԱԳ˵׵ơ͡ӢšȱԡһһԱϣԳ˵⣬桢ԡƽ׵ơ͡Ӣšȱʮ˳Ϊŵӡ
̫ˣҳΪŵˡ
ˡ
һµĿʼҪúõŬ
һڽǰһΪŵӵ˸߲ң֣˶һɥ̾Գ˵ˣѡԱɽȥɡ
ŵϷߡǮ˵
ǡʮΪŵӵ깧Ӧ
ʮϷȥšԳϵ
ǡԵ˵
󣬳Ե˾Գϴһԯţţŵľׯϣһ߽й֮С
ŵ洦ɼŮеӢŮˣˣߵȥĻĿͣǾ֮ӣעҪɾʹġ
߽ţԸ߰Դ˶˲٣ؾصĸԳƽҲǰ̬Щн
Ψһ˲ˣǳԣ
ɫ̹ȻޱȣЩ콾֮ӣҲƽƽûκεĽź;н
Գ΢΢ףԳĿһۡ
ߡҲ쵽˳Ե̬΢΢һ

һһ߸ߴǧǳĵ˵ǰһϾİʯȥֱͨ칬һ㡣
ҲвŵӺͳϡ
ףʮ˾һεŵôôһڵӣ
һյĵӲܲɣҲԳΪŵˣ
ٺ٣СΪҲҽţʱڲͻڣĺùӳԡ
һЩŵһⶼע⵽˳ԣΪʵ̫ˣ˶ΪһڣʵǱһ벻עⶼѡ
ЩƳ˳һۣǹһ˿Ц⣬Щֻ
ߡԳϵ
ܿ죬ʮ˽
ڻԻ貣ʤʹޱȣŸɫ֧Ŵ£ׯϲηϷϺõˮʯҫϾվһ鰲ĸоʮֵ
Գϴ쳽ʮλã°׷ߣ˵ʮ˾Ǵ˴εŵӣǵŵá
õģһһɡһλ׷˵
λˡһǰ
Ϊŵӣȡ֮ҲǼ򵥣ơס䣬Լڵڹ伮ԼΪŵӵʯȵȸȻЩǳصģҪֻһݶѡ
ڶǳԡ
Ҷ
ڵ֡
Сһﲻ߿˳һۣ̾˵
лϡ֮¡
ƽ׵ƵҲȡˡ
ˣǾڵŵˡԳϻ˳Եһۣ˵ǵУڵڹ棬ȥ֮󣬶Ҫúÿһ⣬ΪŵӣҲʸȥȡȥס
ܿ죬Ե˾һŵǰסء
һжǰ׵
ÿһյӣʮˣÿһ궼ŵӿˣŵȻûŵӶ࣬Ҳﵽһɹ۵֣֮ࡣ
ԣԵȻΪŵӣŵ֮УҲֻͨͨһԱ
⣬ŵ֮ϻ洫ӣΪ洫ӱҪڵΪ洫֮ϣʥӣҪڵΪΪʥӣǶ֮λȨ
ΪʥӵΪųϡųϸߣȳʥӵȨҲǼǳҪԸһʥӣҲҪϻ飬һ֪
ԣΪʥÿһڵӵĿꡣ
ɾʥ̫̫ѣһѹأԾΪֹʥӵҲ࣬вˡ
Щŵ伮ϼصġ


1151 Ҫô
ƽס£ûκ˵ע⡣
Ҳȥǧ鼮֮࣬ö٣ֻʧǣҲκιڵ
תۣǰȥ
һá
ΪҲͣڣ޷ͻƣڴʥħɽ󽭺仯ȼͨ˽ˣԴʹֻɲôҪ򣬾ԲһһϦ顣
ڴڼ䣬Ҳȡ
Ϊŵӣŵӣÿһ¶һ񶼿ѡ
ڣΪͭȣΪŵӣÿ±һڽʥӲȡġ
ȻҲзĽȻڵĳ˵ʲôʤޡ
߸£
ףⲻҶôڳϽ֮Ҫصסʱ򣬴һ棬мĿųԣ˵ˣҶ㻹ûͻڰ
󣬸ŵӣһհӡ
ߣΪҲܹΪŵӣ֪ʲôˣ
Ҳô˵û˼ÿ¶ô
᲻ұ˰æѽ
һ䳰ȷȫӳԡ
ùÿԵ
㡭˵ʲôʱһָ࣬ԣ¶ŭ⡣
Ҷôʦ˵ôһ˵ʦ㲻ҲͰˣʦ֣Ǵ֪ôڣλʦֵǸ񣬷򡭡
̬ݣԲʵ
Ҿͽ֪ΪʲôǺɫġԸǰݺݵĵ֪ôͿ㲻˳ˣʶľ͸ҵͷϴùӳԡ
Ժȵ
˵ʲôɫһӾˣ𾪵Ŀųԣ˵ҹҽҹ
ûôЦ
ҲãΪŵӺ󣬾ΪǣһˣҲʦַˣҾҪúõĽѵһ£֪𾴶ֵĵɫ˵
˵꣬һץ򳽻ԣһǿԳԼϳصһ淴һԾͻˣ
׳աԵ
ɶֻͻڶѣαȵù棿沪Ȼŭܵսʧȥԣϳ֣һץʩչԼѧ취
¡
ץռ䶼·ˣһɿ񱩵ϯأ·һ㣬ɵֵ
ײ
Ϊ̤һӭȥӿ˷ķһӣХصһӡķɳȥߴ󾪣ʲôͻڣʵôôǿ
ҪôԵ
֣֡Ϊһìܶ󶯸ɸأһǸһҰְɡɫ粻ʱƽͰ׵Ƶվм䣬Ц˵ͬһţΪŵӣӦ໥ֲǡ
Ҳ鷳Ե
ߣһҾͿǵķϷŹˡϸһ£оԼֶԸԵĻҪһЩ򣬶ִˣҲûкôǾһ˵ߡ
һ׵Ц
ʲô£治ͷʵ
ģ洫ʦֽһɱһ׼ɷˣ뼸ŵЭͬ뵽£뵽֡׵ƿ򳽻˵ԭδͻڣǲ㣬ڿΪʵǣ֪ûȤ
ʦ֣Ǹ洫֮ǰһ٣֮Ƶʦ֣üʵ
׵Ƶͷ˵
һ˿η˵ֻʦֽµǽҪɱɷ˺͵ɷӶڴܣȥܹﵽʲô
Ǻǣģɷ˾һͽռһԪڵɣɱӣŪŭԹڲǡɱʦֽ¡׵˵ʦͨ󣬶Ըɷ˴´ֻ࣬ǵЩͽɱɷˣԲ뵽һЩŵЭͬҲλ뿴
ڰ׵жһ񵥣ùһĬһ£˵ãȻˣҾʹӦˡ
Ҳɡ׵һЦù񵥵ݸԡ
ӹ񵥣ϸһдЭͬ洫ɱɷ¶ͽʮŵӣɱһһƷʯƷʯƷʯ󣬽ø׵ƣ˵û£ҲӦˡ
ãô˵ˣһλ㳡Ⱥ򡣡׵ƴϲ
šͷ˳һۣתŵȥˡ
֣㻹ǲҪΪżĺ̨׵ƼȥԳ˵
Ŷ˵Ե
֪ڵľŴʥӰɣ׵˵
ʲôϵʵ
ֲǴˣһ˵Ͳµˣø硣׵˵Ʋ꣬ѾڴܣλʥӣòٳϺͳ֧֣һߣô˵ֿˣ
Ҳ鷳Ҳ鷳ҡ˵
ˣҾ˵ôˣռ׵˵˵꣬תȥˡ


1152 洫
΢΢ףҲ뿪ص˾סء
ŵӾסضһһûٲȻͬ˼̫Ӿס֮أԶǲעƽ
ΪͣҲдˣҪűչͻƣܣҪҲǳԴӦҪԭ򣬶ҲҪԺͷԵĵرԼϣһ㣬Ԫһ󷨴š
ţǿ϶ȱ󷨵伮ҲϻҪģԳԿܷˮ㣬һЩ󷨵伮
ʲô洫ԵǲעûиɸҲͰˣʲôìܣԲ֪ɱ
ɱһߣڳ˵һɵ顣
ڶһ磬Ծ㳡
ǵһġ
һˣԣһ˫վһԣһԵ顣
ˣҲ⣬·ûпһ
һյʱȥ½½͡ӢšȱҲˡ
ãƽͰ׵ƵҲˡ
ֻǸһģ˵洫ڴܡ
һ֣·Ȼվڳʮ룬һӾչ˳ѹʮˣҲ֮ɫȻΪӵмսܣ˹Ĵڣȴ֮
ԼԼһɡ˵Ļ·ûΥء
ǡԼ˶Ӧҽܡ
Ŷ棿ſ˵ĵһˣ˵ĽܺĿ䵽ϣ˵
ǵʦ֡Ե
ܺãø磬ϣܹʺá˵
øڱչأҵĻһἰʦ֡ԴɫĿ˳ԵһۣЦ
ţˣεΣԼߣǶڵŵӣľӢǲжΣյģοɷɱԶԸֻҪԸµЩͽҲûжΣաһӣ˵һ·ϸ˵
󣬳ʮ뿪ڡ
Ԫڣһ۵ţֻΪѾɷɱռȵ
ɷ˲δ뿪ԪڣԴΪݵ㣬˷ӹҲΪˣڵע⣬Ҫɱ
ڣɷ˴һɫۣ¶һ˫ɫͫףͷƤһ㣬͵ģĸ˵Ϸ˵ڷɱϷһ洫ӽɱϷ򣿡
棬ȷʵд¡·üһãʮˣ࣬һ֪׼ˣڣڣһҲһɲС
赣ǣһͨ洫ӣ洫֮УǰʮŲ棬ɱѴ֮һ׺ݵĺֹ˵޻ء
˵ĺáɷ˵ҵͨɣҪһλǿ֣ԶͲˣȥŰɣܷŹκһˡ
ǡһɶͽӦ

ͬʱԵѾƽԪڡ
ʦ֣ɷ˻թԪ沼󷨣ǿ²ùơ׵˵
󷨣κβһƽһɰ죬Υ˵ǾͿҵֶ󷨣ȻǾͳȥɱЩɷ˵Ķͽɷˣɱ
ǡԵӦ

ֻɳգǧͬһ쳹ɷˣҷڷּǰɱ㣬ǰ
ݣݣݣݣ
Ȼ𣬾ͼһֻֻĳ̳ȳһӿһĿ亮⣬˵ڤ粻飬ơ˵֮䣬ƻ£ɽ¡Ͽѹ¡
ۣ
һгȫ飬䵽Ԫڱ棬һ죬ǣصһը
ɷˣվڡһȥ
󷽣ʮҲǷɢӲͬķԪڡ
ɱ
һ˲䣬ʮͽۣʱһƬȷѪꡣ
ȴΣԪ
ԪȻֻһ۵ţֻԪ½˵ŵ½ĻǾǵһšĹģҲСڵʮĻҲ·
һԴһ˵ϻãɡ
ŨϢϻһһϲ˵ԣû뵽㾹Ȼҵһõط
Ҷ󷨲Ϥз֣ﴢ󷨵伮ɡ˵
áϻ˵һۣ˵鼮֮Ŵŵ伮ĵط
ǺãߡԵ
һԺϻþһ˵һ˵һкܶ鼮ζŨѧ伮٣ǲƷģЩΪԹעҪ󷨵伮
Ե
󷨵伮ϻþһȫһɣ˫ۣȴ˵Щ󷨵伮ƷʲߣͻƣʮѣҪӸ߼󷨵伮ҲҪƷõĻʼۼ
ҰɡԿЦԪڲһţܶûУӵƷ󷨵伮Ļ΢΢ﶼϣ
ûˡϻûһȦʧ
ˣ߰ɡԵԺлġ
ţһ¡ϻõͷҪ뿪Ȼͣ½Ų˶һʯǽǰ˵֣ûа
ʲôˣʵҲʯڣһ
ҿϻ˵ֻϥأһȦõĹɢʯڣʱһৣϻٿȻã·𲻴һ㣬Ϣʯ֮Уʱһ֮Դ


1153 ɷ
ɻϻǳ𾪵Ļ찡ﾹȻ֮ԴԣȻд˰ϡ֮ﶼܹ֣Ҫ֪֮Դһ󷨵ĸ̺֮һŵڴˣԣΪһҪ֮Դ֮ҵΪһͻڡ
ʲôáԳһҲ׷ʣԥĴӦ
ܿ죬ƽ
һ棬Ҳʶ鿴Ѿɷ˴սһ𣬲£Ͱ׵ƵҲɱ¾һɶͽȻֻоˣΪΪ˵սͶǶ桢׵ơƽ˸ӵмˮ׼սɱһɱ
ˣҲһɫһ䣬ΪԪһȻһȻ΢ȻҲһڴܣϢɷ˶񶷵֪
ҪҪֹˣҲʲô࣬˵ĺá˼磬
ˣ
ڴʱǺɫӰ
ʲôۣʧɫҪܣѾˣһʱһѪ
СӣɣɷЦ
ʲôˣ֮£ˣɫҰףͻȻһѪ꣬ѿޱȣ˸Ȼȥ˼
ǵɷӡѪЦû뵽ɣʵڴܣһˣΪľЩν洫ӣɱƳΪҵѪ
ˣҪㆪ£ɱɷ˵
áɷӵ
ɶҾȻмˡһʣ߶ȫԪҪɷɷӵİΧֹ̱λʦܾҡ
ʲô׵Ƶǰɷ˺͵ɷӣɫ䡣
ߡԥı˳ȥ
ߣһɶͽסˣɫ䣬ɫѿ˵øʥǸɱͳͳҪ
ɷ˺͵ɷɫһ䣬Ȼ֪λʥӵ
ߣ뿪ҾὫ˵ȥһȻ˵
øҲҪɷӶݺݵ˵
ң漸ֻ֮ɫ
ãҾһӣɱ㣬óͶ״ɷ˵
Ͷ״һ£һɣҧ˵ãҾɱһˣҶҶȥˣʱ澹ȻҪɱҶΪԼͶ״ܣ˵һ˽ҶǰҳҾͽɱˡ
áɷ˫΢Уͷ˵ʮˣֻоˣȷʵһ
ɷſһѪǧ˿ƵѪ˷ϯȥ鲼Ԫڵĸ䡣
ˣɫһ̵ֵѪ֮˿
죬Ҳɷ˵
ãȥɱ˵
ɱǡɷ˿׵Ƶˣ̺˵
棬˵ú
棬֮
ɶɱ
͡Ӣšȱɫ䣬ŭĿӣɱ֣Ҫɱ̱һɶͽΧס
ԸϼһȥɱЩڵӣסȫʬҵѪҪǵʬ塣ɷӿ˵
֪ɷ˵

ɷ׵Ƶˣ飬һ˲䣬׵Ƶ˾͵ɳȥûκεķ˴
ͬʱ˶һ¾ͷ˳ԣЦҶڵˣҾҪɱ㣬йͷ֮ޡ
ҪɱңԵ
ͷˣҿǲ֪νҲãҾͽ˫˫һֻһֻնɱ㳢ζݺݵ˵˵գһͻһ򳽻ԡ
ȻҾȥɡ˵
ҵľ񷨣ɱһԷУ̧һƴ˵һ
ȻȲҾͳȫˡһƽɫݣһţһ𣬴ݳɫһ˵ǡȻδ˵꣬ͽһ˫ۣľͱһƬ
棬ŵӣһҽûüѾˡ
û뵽ܹɱ
ϻãҪʱ䣿Դʵ
Ҫһյʱ䡣ϻ˵
áԵ
Ƭ̣ɷѹڷһۣ˵ףѵʲôˣӦð
𣡡ˣ̷ˣҪܡ
ܣӵôɷЦ

ͬʱ͡Ӣšȱ˷׷
׵ƵҪߣȴ޼£ɷ¿ٺЦܹҵ£ǵң·ɣ

ڴʱһڵӰ৵һ£һնɷˡһʲôˣ
ɱˣһĿ࣬ԲˣɳԻû齣ɫϾ羧糤һ㼤ǣ˾񣬽ɫɫɫɫɫɫ⻷绡һХ
ž
һ죬ɷ˾ͱ˳ȥɫͫĶųԣ˵ʲôҲҹ飬ȥҪ㹷

ɫһ䣬ⶼ𶯣ÿһ鼡ⶼнһһ㣬׹ںϣն££صһٴνɷ˴ˡ
ɶ񣬵ɷһɱɷ˼̺
áɷӱ


1154 ڤ粻
лʱߡ
ûʲôҲ˵
ʲôסδڣһɨĲһƬ䣬ɴ˫ۣһʵĵ˳Խ¡
ɱɷ˺͵ɷӶ˶һЦˣ洫ӣɱڿ϶˳׷ɱ㣬ӱԪ½ûܹ㡣
˭֪һЦ˵ɱǣ˭˵ȥ
ҲڣҲڣοˣͷˣ㻹֪ɷЦ
ɱɷ
ৣ
ɷ˺͵ɷӶͬʱҼлԣڴսһˣԲ壬ɷ˺͵ɷӶ˵ʵȻֱǲ̫࣬ǳԽͨС֮ҲĥһЩ
ɽ
һն£һɵ֮ʹӳɢ·Ǿһ㣬ƿｭɽ¶ҪĤǴɽİ塣
ʮɷ֮ͨһеĴɽɷӳһ˵ܺãɱ㣬ɽǵˡ
ԣɱɷɷݵĵͷĿ¶ɱ˫һӣһɹϯһһĹɷ֮ݡбӣ糱ˮӿɼ
ڴɽ֮£ɽﶼҪĤݣοǹꣿ
һ˲䣬ɢ
ʲôɷɫֻţ֮ϯӡƵƵ˻ɷ̣ʱֻһɹɺɫķռ䶼ǧ㣬һһ㡣
ɷ𣡡
ᣬɷҲʩչͨɷɷ죬Ӱ˵꣬ǾɷֱӹԵľ磬ǵȼҪӾۻ೽Ե顣
֮ҲԣҴʥħη޾壬սսĺ죬ͨɷ˺͵ɷɱ⡢ŭԹɢ𣬶ǵľ硣
ʲôɷ˺͵ɷӶ˾ɫ䣬ɫˣֹܹʹȴ޷ƾ񹥻⵽Ӱ죬սȼħ֡
˶ʱʹ
󽭺ɫ飬Ŀ䣬һɽ٣齣£һ£󽭴ӹ׻ۣ컯أγһص磬ɷ˺͵ɷӶ˰ס
ۣۣ˶ʱһѪҽɷ˸Ǵ㾿ʲôˣȻôִͨ
ҲʰɷǴǿֿ޷ֵħӰ죬⵽񹥻Ҳ⵽ʹһ㵹ɳȥ
Ҫɱǰɷĵ
Ѿ֪ѵɣ˵
ҸƴˡɷŭһѪҪħӰ죬ʩչѧɷ֮ʱɷͬբĺһк
ӯɷ˼Ҳҧ⣬ѪȶԼǾ磬ԼĵɱУ˫˫ɱԡ
ڤ粻顣һȣ˵Ĺɣ̺ͬˮһ㣬๾࣬ͱɵһɶˡ
أأ
ʱɷ˺͵ɷӶ˶ɳȥ·Ҫɢһ㡣
ۣۣ
նһɨ׻ȸû˵ۣʱֻѪһƬѪ֮
ৣ
˴Ҳȡ
棡ӣ
һɶͽɱɷ˺͵ɷӶǴ𣬲š

Ҳʲô֮齣һӣͽЩȫɱ
һĻѰ׵ƺƽ˿ɫ塣
ǹɡԵ
׵ƺƽһ£ææӳԪڡ
ˣԴһЩ˵ıȫע齣֮УֻϻѾʯ֮˳ʮ㣬˫ĿЦ˵֮Դʵڲڡ
ϻã˵Ҳ֮Դ˵
ɲһ֮Դγɣʱأûиʮʱ䣬Ǹ޷γ֮Դġϻ˵
ԭˡ˵
ţҲãϻõ
󷨵伮Ļ취ˡ˵
ţʱһҪȶ磬ҪͻƵĻҪƷ󷨵伮ϻ˵
취Ե
ãȻͨˡϻõ
šԵͷϢ뿪ԪڣΪҶڡ

׵ƺƽһ԰׵ĸϻڣǰ˵ˣʦҲˣǻȥô˵
ô˵ʵʵ˵ɡƽ
ɷ˺͵ɷӶˣֻǲ֪ǳ˭ȻôĴͨ׵̾һ˵˿϶أĻɷ˺͵ɷӶ˵ʵҲɱɱ
ˣĴڣܹ۵ģȡɡƽ˵˵ҲϢֻͨΪɷһˣû뵽һɷӣҲ֣
ǰ׵Ƶ
֣֣һȡʱ򣬺洫һֻһͷ󺹣ɫֽ׷
Ҷ׵ƺƽ˾û
šԹѣͷ˵ҶɷˡɷӺǳɱҲ⣬֮ҲŸҳ
׵ƿЦ
ǰƽ
Ƕˣǻȥô˵Թʵ
һʵ˵ɣųǲΪǵġ׵˵
ҲֻˡԵ


1155 Դ¥
ʱ֣˻صڣȥʱ೤ϵĻȻԼҲͰˣû뵽Ҳˣһ洫ӰҪ֪ÿһ洫Ӷ˵Ǹʧá
˶⵽Ѱʣ׵ƵҲʵʵ˵
ɷˣһɷӣô˵ڴˣѹ
ûôǳɱģ
˾˭ܹΪɱͬߣԲǿ򵥣
ô˵Ǳҳ⳽
һڳ϶۷׷ףûͷ֪⳿ǺˣʲôҲǣֻǳµһ鹹ֶѣ֪Ź֡
ˣѾ֪ˣȻȥɡ
ܿ죬˾ȥ
ڶ죬һѰҳһһųԱ仯Ǵ󺺵Ļ
ֻעһ׮ûͷΪûܹҵ󺺡
תۣʱȥ
ʱ䣬ϻýΪȶڣȴҲ޷ûа취Ψв󷨵伮ܹͻ
ڴڼ䣬Ҳǰڲ󣬵ŵӣȨҲʮޣֻѧǻʼѧȸƷͨԵüΨгΪʥӲлᣬοʼѧڵѧ͸Ӽˡ
λ磬ʼѧѾ۷弶ˣǵۼѧеλûУ󷨵伮Ҳˡ
ңϻҪͻڣ󷨵伮ò󣬱Ҫʼ󷨲С
һ죬뿪ڣǰԴ¥
һ̻ᣬԪ½ǰĴڣ̻ǿ
ԾҲлʼ󷨴ڡ
Դ¥һ޳֮Уռݶλãǧ濴͸һִĸо˽ȥǾˬСҲòܵޱȡ
Դ¥һŲ㣡
һһһһ㰺֮ҲǸָ֮ѧҩ
͹٣ԲΨܲſԽ㡣С
Ŷڱ仯һʳŲ׵꣬Сһۣ΢΢һЦһϢɢ˵ڿô
͹ˡ롣С㼱æ˵Ԫ½ѾһǿˣҲһҪķˮ룬˵ͻԪôɾܣ꣬һˡ
ʱ䣬ֻҪܹһĺԽԼɾһ塣
šԵͷ߽¥
Ĳָӵľ£ۼȻƷûһ¥ô࣬ÿһƷǺ֮вԺͷԵĵرûеõĻ³ԶĶ²Եĵر
бԴҪɣͨĵرвͨҲˡ
ԣֻǵɨһۣ󷨽
󷨵伮̵෱࣬йȵȸ棬ʮ֮ࡣ
λӣ֪Ҫʲô͵󷨵伮̣һЦеʵ
лʼ󷨵伮ʵ
ʼһ£һۣҪ˵ȴĳ˵ŹԴ¥ԺգҲ˹ʼ󷨵伮ȻǮ⡣
ϷΪԴ¥ִ£֪ôƺʵ
ԡԵ
ӣ㹺ǻʼ󷨵伮ڱ¥Ҳ࣬Ĺ򣬱¥ǿԳۣϷ˵룡
롣Ե
һλִ°ѳԴ˰¥һԣ˵ѾӵҪȥˣ빫Եȡ
áԵ
ܿ죬ֻߴӾ¥Ϊ
ϷǹԴ¥߳ϣλǰ˳ϣʿǳСҪʼ󷨵伮һλ׷ͯյʵ
ǡԵ
֪СҪٻʼ󷨵伮߳ʵ
ʵ
ǧƷʯһ׻ʼ󷨵伮߳˵
ԣ΢΢üǧƷʯҲƷʯɲһСĿ
ǺǣӣǷӹЩ߳ЦǺǵʵ
Ц
ӣǻʼ󷨵伮ŵԪ½ǶǼϡٵĴڣȻеҲвٻʼ󷨵伮۸ҲһЩǳ磬Ԫ½߳Ц
̻жٻʼ󷨵伮ʵ
Ŷ⻰ӿҪٰ˳ϲ
ӹʮϣϷӾŻݡ߳Ű˵
ãʮףҪȿһ˵
ʮףãϰˣȥȡӿһ߳ϾĿ˳һۣ˵
ǡ˳Ҳȿ˳һۣͷϾ¥
һʦ߳ʵ
ǰɡ˵
Ǻǣӳ֮оѾ൱ˣ˵ʦҲΪɣ߳Ц
ԣԺЦ
ʱ˳ˣһӣʮ󷨵伮ϣ˵뿴
¾ͲˡԵ˵꣬һһǵ㵽ֹὫһ󷨷ϣҹԴ¥Ҳڵ伮ֶΣֻܿǰһС֣ҪȫҪƽ⿪С
֪Σ߳Ц
ЩҶҪˡԵͷ˵
á߳ϴϲһ׻ʼ󷨵伮ǧƷʯʮ׾ƷʯڹԴ¥Ҳһ׮ˣ⿪󷨵伮ϵĽƣ볽Բ鿴
֧Ե
ԡ߳ϵҲԽ϶ݲˡ
󣬳ԽƷʯʮ󷨵伮ֱͽͨϻò򣬶ʲҲ˲߷֮һ


1156 
ӣҪ󷨵伮߳˵
ʼ󷨵伮Ѿ㹻ˡԵ
ǵۼ󷨵伮أ߳ϺЦ˵
̻еۼ󷨵伮߳Īǲ¿ЦɣЦ
ǺǣҹԴ¥ȷʵûУϷ֪һС߳˵
ѵۼ󷨵伮ʵ
ҲҹԴ¥Ҫɱһˣ֪һϢӵеۼ伮߳ϵ֪ûȤ
ʲôΪʵ
ڡ߳˵˲һߣڴܶһսȻֻͨսġ
߳ѵΪΪԶԸһսͨڵڴôЦ
Ȼǡ߳˵˴˵еĴǿʵѾҹԴ¥׷ɱҹԴ¥׼˵׷ɱڴܣһ֣ϻǵĴѣ볽ӳֲ󷨣õĻ󣬲˵ֹܹѣҲǰץס
߳΢΢һЦ˵ֻҪǽץסϵĵۼ󷨵伮ӿӡһߣΣ
ʵҲԼʦѾɱˣӾܾĻҲûʲô˳˵
ֻҲûѣûоܾɡЦ
á߳˵ס£֮
󣬳ԾڹԴ¥ס¡
֮
Դ¥¥ڣ߳ϺͰ˳ϲվˣ߳Ͽ򳽻ԣ˵ӣӡӡӡľӡˮӡӡӣΪӣξǳץˣϣܹȫϡ
áԵͷɨһۣжʱһʮֻ֣һԣӣֻԣӣֻԣԲ룬һóϻ֮
뵽һ㣬𾪣ùԴ¥Ҫ׷ɱʮֲ򵥣Ϊ˱ڴܣ˵һڣôǼսڴܿ¶һս
ҲԽСģǳʵ߳ϣܷҹ̻Ҫ׷ɱ˭
ã顣߳˵
һɱ֯ãԾļ֮УȻеõ֣ݼʾ磬ߵȣеȡλ磬һɱ֯˾ǶҴɱ
߳˵
׷ɱ򵥣Ҳ˳ʼЦ
á߳̾һ˵ûʲôھͳɣΪѾ鵽ڵص㣬ˣ뿪
û⡣Ե
һ볽Ծ뿪˹Դ¥ȥ
֮Ͻɽ
ȥһƬɫԣϽɽ֣ûһһľֻйͺͺɽһһһڴ֮һ㡣
ʱ˵ǰǵ˷ټʧȥϵ
ôҵʵߴڴǰûһн̬ȻԴ¥ȻҼ׷ɱ飬ǿ϶ʲôҵİ취
˴ҪҵʮѣǹԴ¥а취ҵ˵
ʼɡӵ

ӡվһţӡʱһ񾵣Կó棬ֻóһƿһεѪʱѪ£ԳһѪɫͷֱָ
ѪҺǿķҵӿ˳һۣ˵ʵǿǵĶ֣Եҵʱ򣬻һ֣ҪľָĵطûǻὫյ֮С
áԵ
ȫϢһȻ˵

һ˲䣬ڣϢǰ
ת˲ͣһɽ֮ڣûнӡľӺЭӡӡˮӺͻǰȥ
һʱԲúõһ
Ȼͨ󷨣ϻõԴ̣󷨵ĹҲʮֲ˶⡣
ʱȥ
飡
ͻȻ˴ֻ˶սһˣ·磬սˣǵһźɫ۵꣬ɫӥǣʮֵĲǣǵ顣
꣬ΪѾڣǵΪܳɱ֮һ
˫֣մȾ˵Ѫܲڴܱɱ
ŵ˵һɱߣ
ߣôֻˣһſ˵
飬ʵ̫ˣɱ㡣
ɱҹԴ¥ʦʮڴܣڴܣΪ˸ۡ
ɣ
ͣҹһʱ֮侹ȻռϷ磬ȴǹЦ˵ߣҪ˲󷨣ֻˣβõˣҲãҾɱĸԺһɱ
ɶ񣡡
һܻӣȴǱѹơ
ˣԶþȣʵδҲ̫ǿ˰ɣǰ֮֮еٮٮߣ츳Ѿܹͻ̫ſռħȼ磬ʵǿ޹ֺܹɱڴܡ
ҪɱңܺãҾҪһһɱ˵
ӱ˳ɡ
ৣ
ƴɱҪɱӡ
ɶ񣡡
̳ԮӣһߴһˣյʱſɽȣõĻ

Ѿ֪У鹥ɱǿƥ
ԣʱ󣬸ʱ


1157 ̵1
ˣӼæ˳ȥ
ˣ
ɽ䣬һɫϯ鲼գһһһӾͽС
飬мˣοôӹЦ
ৣ
ֻ˳֣˻غϣ󷨣Χס飬˵ܲˡ
ô̫СˣΪǵļô޴Ѿˣ֣׷ɡǹһ˿ЦЦգӵڣ
ৣৣ
黰£ͼӰ۵糸ĴӶǧľ룬ת˲͵¡¡׶֮С
һ˴˺ɫףڳ䣬һֻûָǱһֹֻΪ֣һ˳ƮƮʲһŹӣȴǸˣ˾Բǿ򵥡
ӣǿƿ󡣡ЦһһڴСɫӣ֮С
ãˣɫ䣬
ء
ԲõĻըķѣǿƿ顢֡׷ͬʱɱӡ
󣡡
һۣһ󷨣йͷ׹۳֮󣬳ˡ
ˣԶɫһ䣬û뵽Դ¥Ҳʧˣ壬Ҫɱ飬û뵽ԷƾͼƣΧɱ֮Уһ۾Ϳˣ˵ʵܹͻڵĴһս
Ȼӵʵ󷨣ɺܻܷˡ
ǵһͷҽϵйͷ׹ȡҵбԴͻƴɣױԴҲڴɡ˫۾â˸ڰǷҪɱ˶ᱦ
˵ʵȴɵѣϾһ˵ʵѽɱ
˼磬һļƻ
һǧѷĻᣬԲŹ
أ
ֻӽ󷨣߶йͷ׹ս顢֡׷ˣǿƥȴƾеΣ˵ɱˣѹƶԷܼѡ
ɶ񣡡
ˣжһ
ҲˡִЦ
ߣվɱˣԴ¥һ棬ǵÿɲܹǵġһЦ̯УȻӣ׹˸ž˲
ʲôãˣ
ӣ˶ʱɫ䣬߶󷨺ˡ
ܵô𣬴߶Ԫһҳأһ˲ͼ֮С
ɢӺͷӶ̴
أ
һöӶ൱ڴܵĹöӵ͸ǿˣ൱ڴͬʱһ󼯽˵ʵٴҲԵֵס
һ죬ͱǿը
ۣ
һ˲䣬˶һѪˡ
֪˭˰ɣЦ
ɱִһԵצһӶͣ籩ޱȵץһ̳Ҫ˺ɷ۴⡣
һܷŹ׷飬ĺһѪ죬ѪͷϿգһ㣬׳ڣһȭͼһѪɫݵڵһӡ
󣡡
ӺͷӶ֮ʵǿĴڣǱɱôҲֻ·һǾԲҲ֪һ㣬ǴݺһӶ˵ĺ̻һҪ½
룡
һĿԪȣ֮ˮ֮ӿɻ⣬ںХ£˻ˮ飬ɱںʮѵģɢĿܣںϣôǿᣬˮһ
أ
ֹӲ˱ǿƷֿ

õĻ˶δܻһҪ͸ˣӺͷӶ˶һۣ˵ߣ
ৣ
Ӿߡ
ߣûôס
˿ĽƾͼƣӾ뿪Χ򹥻ˣǶҪɾڵĴڣǿһһʽѧǻʼѧǿ
أأأأ
һܵľ֮Уӱǿֹ˲·硣
ң˽˷ֿһ˶սӡӡľˣ׷Χɱˣֻм֮û˷֮
ۣ
һ˾ͱ׷ֶ˴Ѫˡ
ʲô
ɫ䣬ҪԮסֻҪˣͱסЦǣȹذɣ鲻ǿٶҲǿҲڹԴ¥Ŵѡ
֮вһһһֱˮ
һ˶ܻ
飡
һ˲䣬˶ɳȥˣֽȻͬ𣬿ˡ
ɣ
׷ֶֺҪɱˡ
¡
ʱһŽȻӿ׷ֶˡ
ԣ
˾ȣû뵽ԾȻûߣǳ־Ԯǣ
ֱǲ˼飬ȻڵΪɱ콾֮£Ҫֺ֪׷Ƿͬˣ֮ͬж˵޵еĴڣһˣֻܱɱοһԣ
ŵ˵֣׷Ƕ֮еһˣҪɱһߵĻǼֱǲѴ֮
ԣֺ׷˼Եʱ򣬼ǿЦһڵҲǰ֣ҿǻòͷˡ


1158 ̵2
ǰ׷Ǵ

Բһûһ˿УһܣϣȴɢĽɱ¾ͬһ˲ྫֱۣ֮ӹ׷ľ硣
ͬʱʩչһңǽֱ˴ˣһһ
׵ģڿЦ֮е׷ͻȻʹһһѪҡҡ׹ȻΪ;ȴȲóԣο֮һĲ
֣׷ɫ䣬˼ĿųԣѾһ˫Ľ·κ޷ֹһ㡣
ۣ
νֵصһһѪըѪ׷ɡ
ৣ
ԵӰǧ֮⣬վ·بѴĵܡ
һӾ׷ĿųԣţҲǼһųԣ
ãΪܳɱ콾֣Ȼһڵɱˣӵ˼ֱǲţͺһǮһλ۵ˣҪԷһλ߽ǼƵһ˼顣
׷ɫޱ䣬𾪵Ŀųԣӿֳ޾ɱ
ʲô˿ųԣ㶣ǲš
һĻ˵ʵڵʯ֮䣬ת۵Ĺ
Ѫ齣ʣһһεĵ
ɶҪɱ㣡
ͬʱ׷ŭɱӵˣ򳽻ԣϵɱͬˮһӿ˷ԣ·ӡ
ס
Ӽ̴˳ȥʩչͨס顣
ˣҲӦӺ󷽹顣
Ѿ֪˳ԵʵȻ׷ͬʱΧɱԣסһˣһɳԽ
ৣ
ȻӺ顢׷˲ǣԾȻͷȥ
׷
û˿ԥ׷׷ȥ
ৣ
𣬳ӵ˰ΧȦҲ׷ԡ
ߣ
ӵ˳һ£˵ɱǵʱԲߡ
ԣ
ӵ˶ͷ˵ֻû뵽⳽Ȼһɱ֡
ǰڵΪ
ڿһȥѾ׽ˡ
ԣɱˡ
Ծ˷ӵˣǶܸм

ֻɫ԰ףϢ˥ҲǼ٣󷽣׷׷ɱԪȣӡأԶĿɱʵһ㡣
ʱǰһƬãã
ৣ
ֻԺԥ˽ȥ׷Ҳֻǳһ£ͽ
󷽣ӵҲԥ׷
󣿡
׷һ֮УͿ˵Ӱʧ˶Է֮С
ҹɱԪ߶ϵƾͬɽһ籡֮ߵһӣӡմһȻ˿ɢ
䣡䣡䣡
Ϲֱײǰ·ûоͷһ㣬Ҳһֱԭشתûκá
Ҫ˿㣬ҾҪ˺롣
̣
һֻһӰ˳Ȼǳԡ
ڳˣ麮˵
㲻Ҫɱôɫݵ
һжǰź˵ģĿʵһ㣬Ķųԣһֵ˵㾿˭
ԣ㲻Ѿ֪ôԵ
Ҳ˭㶼ҪⲻΪɱ֣ŭҡ˵
ɣҲ뿴ֶΡ˵
ԣ㲻ҲͰˣڳˣʵܹɱôղһѾľѾǿ֮ĩˣɱ㣬ͬɱ㣬αװģݣܿ˵ȥˣΪǰĳƺƵͬһʣԲԪľӡ
ڣ鶼Ѿˣܻ˵ıһжƵı
ڲ֪̫ôԵĵ
Ҫɱ㡣ŭһ˫Ŀ׹䣬ˮ֮֮ӿֳƽڽɽϢԨ纣ֶںϣγˮ𣬡ˮ飬ɣ
¡
ǰĿռ䵱𶯣ֿռ䲨ƣڷڣǧһ㣬һƬɫһߣһˮ˳֣ͬʱҲ˴γһˡ
ʱһ󲻾ڶ𶯣ǧ֣ˮںϣɫɫڣһص֣糱ˮһӿ򳽻ԡ
ԣⲻˮǻʼѧѾг۷ֻ֮һͻƴɣҿεֵɣڷɱɢͬﳤһ㡣
ʣ
ĵͨԲҴ⣬齣з콣绢ХХһɨضʱһƬհף·ֻһһ㣬һɨʱĽ⼤籩һ㡣
ۣ
һֹնʮ㣬˿ڻʼѧ֮Щˮֽͬɵһ㣬Ļ
ʲô
ˣɫ䣬һҧһھѪģǵصӡʱϯˮ飬ֻͷֶΣˮ֮УʩչԼĵɱСˮ
һдӡӡٲ罭ӹϿһߣһƬ磬죬ٿȻγһڣ֮һ㣬ɴɵˮк£֮ˮᣬ򳽻ԡ
¡¡
ˮৣ̺ˮޱȣն·𱻴ˡ


1159 ̵3
أ
һ𣬵ûȥǰһϽ־һһڵȥ齣˫֣һɫ⻷ۣնȥۣʱˮֿ
ৣ
罣һ㼤һֲ˼ٶȱƽ顣
ʲô
һ£ɫ䣬˵ôܣôֵܵסҵˮҪ֪ڴҲҪСһа
ûʲôܵģˣȥɡ磬ڳ罣٣ˮĳ壬ϣصһһѪ˵꣬˲ལ£
鷢ĺѾˣལϣһѪ߷һ㵹ɳȥҽ
ۣ
ԻӶ齣һɨͻһѪҲץУʶɨУʯϣ˳Եľ֮£ⶼעġ
ۼ󷨵伮
ҵˡ
һʽӵ鼮˳Եʶ֮£ȡʱһƪƪϵ֪ʶǰ
Ȼǵۼ󷨵伮Ҳ޷ʱ򡣡ԺⱾۼ󷨵伮ŽУǸϻ׼ģҲͻĹؼ
ৣ
ɱ飬һʧ
һ̣Ѿ˷׷ǰһȣ㣿
ѾɱˣҾȥ˵
ʲô˵ʲô׷ǲţָԣˣ֪ôҵܳɱ콾ڰɱˣöˡġ
ôƾô˵ֹǹһȣޱ˵
ɱңɱңҾҪ㸶ۡ׷˵֪ҵôõôΪҵ׷κ˶Ӳҵ׷ɱ
ϻ̫ˡԵ
׷ŭѣҴ⣬ȫע˫һţѪϯȣѪħ񻯳ְɣ
δ䣬۵ֻһһŵѪܣͬһѪˣ¶Ѫһ˫ֱһһ˷컭ꪳУӶ򳽻ԣꪹͬ˺ѶҪ롣

Ը׷ֱӾǺ֣һӣǴɿնֹȥ޾ꪹⶼգִʥ׷ϵѪɱ¾֮˴ɽ
ۣ׷ûκεֵͨˡ
һѪҧ⣬ѪŭҸƴˣ¯Ѫ塢һߡڤڤ֮УɱѧͨһɱԣͬҪ֮ͽһ㡣
ֻǣЩûãڴʥɽ֮£׷κιɽһ㣬ɳȥѪҽһһɨ룬Ĳˣ
ৣ
ķ컭ꪺʹ䱻ȡס컭ꪣԺЦͷ̺ǹ־ιҵ齣úʡ
ۣ
Ԫ컭ꪣֱӱһžı齣֮С
þллˡ鳽鷢ޱȵ˵
á齣ϵϢһ֣Բ̾һԼ齣һַߵı̺˲ͬ־ҲԸ齣ͬգһ˵һЧ
ˣڸȥˡ˵
ৣ
һΣ罣һʧ˴˴ת˲ӱסĵط
ĲãһҪԭ򣬾Ϊϵйͷ׹ԣϻúԼ󣬵ȻҪĹͣϾҲֻܹ³˾޴Ļ˷ֲ١
ڣΪѾͻڣʵ³ĻʱԽĻ˵ڣǿߵڴܹܶסοϻõԼľǷʤ
ˣӱԷסֹѾ˴ˡ
Ϊ˰ȫһ֣ҲòԴ¥˿ϾԴ¥Ԫ½ϣҲһڵʵǲԻһнΪ
ʲôˣ
˱ͱ׷ֶ˴ˣٱ󹥻ֻʣһڣڻ֮УͬͷӬһ㣬ĴڣͲڵˣԳ֣ȣһŷ
ɱǵˡ˵
ǹԴ¥ˣ㲻ɱǡӿųԣ˵׷أ
ˡԵ
ʲôӵ˴ʧɫ
ˣ·ɡԵ
˴ɱһɱϵĹֱӱԳȡգʱڵķ֮Դľ֮Դȵȴǣ¶Ц⣬˵ܺãֻҪȡӵϵĹͿԽбԴˣڷױԴɣҲˡ
ৣ
һ㣬ʧǰ
˵˼һˣ֮УĴҲ޷ѡ
ô£ôһ󣿡ܻ˵֪ǳôˣ᲻ᱻ׷ɱˣ
һӲˣ˵Ѿˡӵ
ɫ԰ףϢԼ٣վһԣһӼʵӣôҵûУ
ҲǶмˡ˫΢Уͫһ˿â𾪣Ӷ˵ֹǣ׷ҲǣǶǳԵļơ
ʲôôܣӶ˾


1160 ̵4
ȻҵĲ²⣬аٷ֮ʮİա˵ҲŵòĻ׷˴ʱѾˡ
ǷأӾ
ٺ٣ҲѾɱˡӿЦһ˵ǷѾĻҪɱ飬û뵽ļƲߣû뵽Ҳ̣ǳԡ
⡭ӶԶʱ
žžžò˵һˡʱһ𣬶ֻԴһռ˳һƽĿ˵ȻѾ֪ˣҲͲϻˣ·
ԣȻ㣿ŭû뵽һжı֪ô
ǺǣûӴڶûзơЦ
ң㾿ʲôˣӶųԣʵ
ҲʲôˣǳԡԵ
ɱǣҪۡӺ
ӵ
ûᡣԵ˵꣬齣糤һ㼤ᴩأԽɿռ䣬ͷӣӺͽӶ˴𣬡סֹ֣һĿӱ̴࣬Ѫעһ
ˣ
һӣԴռ䣬ӺͽӶ˶Ǵʥֶ£ȶǴۣ˺޷֮ȡͽ֮Լ֮
䣡
ʱһбԴɵϢԳɢ
һ̣бԴˡ

ױԴҲ޵Ľӽɡ
ۣۣ
ֻӺͽӶ˵屻˺ѣѪ䶼ȡеıҲ齣֮С

󣬳Ծ뿪
ϻúص֮ͨС
Բδڣһ޾ɽ֮бչأ׼ڡ
бԴɣ־ˮɵͻƵ˶ףҲ߱˳һεĻ
ȫԪһ֮ë֮ڳ৶һռ䶼˺ѳ˷۴⡣
ڳԵϣϢҲԽԽƴ
ˣ
ɶҡĽ־ӳͣʯ֮ϣһܣų⣬һ貣ȥ·һڶıĥ½ķâһһ顣
֪ʱȥ
ȻڵѶȳ˳Ե˫ۣһ˵޷ͻˣҲãҾһ¼ͨǿҵս
ʱ䣬ͨһ飬˴ʹֻ֮⣬ͨѾﵽС۷֮һЩͨг֮ԵսҲߡ
Ҳô׵һ顣
תۣɹʱ䣬ʧǣͨͣС۷壬޷ͻг֮
룬ԻǾ
һ죬Իصڡ
һʣ
ڴڼ䣬ϻۼ󷨵伮ͻˡ
Ҫʱ䡣
ʱһһȥҲû˷һʱ䣬һԼסż׵ƺƽ˵ãһģⶼΪһεľ˾ߵĽһЩ֮УһС塣
Ԫ½ߴ֮һŵӼڴڣгΪϣĻ洫ӣɾ֮ӣΪΪһȻ˵ӵݣλͬϡ
ֻڵ洫ӣҲ࣬˵ӣʣÿһһĴڡ
֣Һǰݷãڣ
һ죬ڳͨʱ򣬰׵ƺƽ
λԵ
ԺŴ򿪣׵ƺƽ˽ȥǰЦÿ춼˿ޣ¾ͻѾԶˣ
Ǻǣдˣɾ嶤ϵ飬ҲҪעһŴ°ƽ뿪Ц˵
Ŷʲô£ֻ˳һƽʵ
治֪׵Ʋ
ǺǣҴϴγȥԺ󣬾һֱڱչؿޣڷһ֪ԿЦһ˵λǸ˵˵ɡ
ľ¡ϼ졢»ᡢΪɡĶ졢̫ŵˡƽ˵
߲߲ƣΪ£ʵ
⵹ǣֻÿһεŵӲٿˣһٿĵصڡ׵ЦЦ˵ҲᣬһŵӵĽᣬڻϣÿһŵӶ໥д衣
ʵҲڶԱ˴ŵӵ̽жнĴڣϾÿһŵĵ̾洫ӣߴŶԱ˴֮洫ӵ൱˽⣬һֻܴŵ濴ˡƽ˵
ţô˵Ҳμӣ˵
Ǻǣֻǽ½ŵӶѣƻֲǳ֡׵Ц
ȥʶһҲƽ
ôȤ׵ʵ
Ҳãƿʱ޷ͻƵˣҲã˵ܹһЩʲôԵͷ˵
ߣѾʼˡ׵Ƶ
ܿ죬˾뿪˳Եסǰ㳡
յ㳡õʮָ߹ԴɣȴţռΪȻǾڶûκ˵ע⣬ϾҲֻ½ŵӶѡ
οһ׷ɱɷ˵ʧܣѾ֪һ½ʮŵֻʣˣڷ׷ɱʽأ⵹û޴֡
ȻҲֵóڣ׷ɱóΪһ׮ûȥӵ
ӡ޹̷ӢվŵУʮֵĲۣ۲ŵŵӣȻˡ


1161 ᣨ1
˵ΪҲȷʵʸ
ţǴʮŵӣһɫڴڣͶӵ޵սǿռ˼֮һҲǼ֮УпܳɾĴڣõŵࡣ
һͲֹʮˣųɾŵŵӶۼһ𣬲עĻǰǡ塢սŵӡ
ˣȻûۼ׵ƺƽ˵Ľ֮УҲ֪˵ŵ֮еͷһ⣬ӵǿߵսܹɱڴܵĴڡ
ʵϣҲŹעĶ
ŵ˵һᣬڵˡ
ڳԿǵ϶˴츳˺ʹԵûĻɾ嶤ϵ飬ǳΪδڵпܡ
ŴʮŵҲϢƴ󣬹վ˲˵Ŀ⡣
飿ĿһɨԿ˴ˣڵ̫Լŵ̸Ц˿ûע⵽Կ
Ҳ֣Ͼ»ƽ̣д˵ĿɨҲ೽һҳԴ仯ģȻڴܣҲ˷ֺ
ȻԳֵĻҲע⣬Ͼ볽Խ֡
óʮֵìܡ
Ϊ˱Ǿò֣Ͼ֣ͨ˽⣬ϼһ￴ʲôˣɾʹ²ˡ
ǣһԹۡ
ŸոտʼƷڵϺ裬ʱ̸ʲô
ڸɵŵҲδ̸֣˵ƷԹ
쳣ĺ
һŵں󷽣ΣζӦоУֱһʢ硣
̫һϿգɢԣ̻Իͣͬԡ̫һһƷζһ̸߽ۣһǿߴܵɣû˿ǵֶΡ
ϷʲôʱʼԼʵ
ôѾȲôƽЦᣬǰںȻˣһ㶼ǵвſʼǸʱ򣬸ڸɵŵӾͿԳսɵĵˡ
ȻҲԾܾ˵һûӵ飬һ˵˻ܾƽ˵ûжĹϵĶԾǸŵ콾ǲǡ
ǰҲʶʮŵӵ׵˵
ߣƾһ½ŵҲսŵŵӣ㻹ûʸ񡣡ʱһǡ塢սһŵӣݣɫ䣬ȴʵʵڵΪ
⻰ʲô˼ѵ½ŵӾûдսŵӵʸô׵΢΢ü˵ڵô⻰ʵһɡ
󵨣ôʦ˵ôǳ
ʦ֣Ǻǣƾ㣬»ûʦֵʸ񡣡׵ƿһ꣬˵ǣڣҲڣֵսûдﵽ޵еĲΰɣ
㡭ɫĿŰ׵ƣ˸⡣
а׵ôʱ˵ˣƽĻͺһ㣬ͬѰʳӣΥ
ǡ׵Ƶ
ҿʸʦ֣嵭ʵ
ȻС׵ɫһشʦ֣֪Ϊ£ҽһʦְɣ
ߣ׵ƣҳųΪŵӵʱ㻹֪Ȼʦ֣ҲǱţʵ㲻ಮ٣Ϊεʦ֣ҿŹ棿һޱ˵
㡭׵ɫһ䣬ŭ⡣
ô㻹뷴ɣǹһ˿Ц˵㣬ߵƽҶӦǰʦ֣ǰǿɲҪʧǣñ˵ûй̡ܽ
ԣ׵ƣʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣أҪʦ֡һĵͷĿŰ׵˵
̫ƽӿûа׵ôãʱŭ
ƽʲôڳʦ֣ʦ֣ʦǰСУǳɺͳǺǳλʦֵǸ
ޣ롣ƽŭ
ʲôһ⻰˾ɫһ䣬ɫĵͷ˵ܺãһεнŵôʮֻʣͷһ⣬ǼֱĿ𳤣ˣҲܹΪŵӣǻ֮
⻰ʲô˼׵Ҳŭˣһ࣬˵Ϊŵʵ֤˵ģǿһ仰˵ġ
󵨡ǳʦ֣֪ôֱọ̇̄ҿӦڹź㡣˶٣ǵĿڰ׵ơƽɨ˵ҲãҾȽѵٽŵĵ֪ǵ
ˣ
ԣ׵ƺƽ˾ɫ䣬𶯣ʱֻһǿϯֶҪֵȴһԵĳ˵ˣʵôҿֱ硣
ʲô˵ʲô
˵磬ҲҴģӡ޹֮еκһˣҾԶһ۴֮ĬԼɡɫݵĿǣ˵ɸң
㡭ãܺãǵһô˵ˣҾˡǼվһ˫˫Ķųԣ˵Ҷ͵ԶֱҵǸɡ
ôδءԺЦ˵ǣҿʹڵһսɣϣ㲻Ҫûڣǵһӡ


1162 ᣨ2
һڵġǶųԣζоըˣ޲ھɱԣ֪ڣҶԳԳֵĻ϶⵽ͷֻܲƵ˵һ֮С
֡׵ƺƽ˶ǵǲѡ
û£ǿʵҲáЦ
ߡһҲûȤƷԹϣһﲻ
һĻѾ˵ע⡣
Ҷ湻󵨵ģʦִģҿֱûˡ
˵Ĳʦŵ֮УܹŽǰĴڣ޹ӲͨӶѣʦ֣һͿأ
㿴ŰɣԺ⳽Կͷԡ
˾ȵĿųԣڵۡ
棬ǿųԣţȴӭ˳һĨ⣬һ飬о綼һƬհף·һɲǱɰ׳һ˵ôܣһͻڵСӣôܸҴΣУ̫ЦˣһҶˡ
֪ߵغСӡЦһ˵
Ȥ˵⻰սͬһ㣬սʮ㣬͸һԴɽĸоսʤϵսʵһ㣬˲С
ûУڻûԼڧˣԽԽˡ
ŵӣҲǡ塢ս˴ﵽǿˮ׼һȣ˲٣ζĺܱ
֮ΪһҪݺݵĴѹһڡ
ǰһᣬڳһ콾Ľ£ûƢĽ³Ϊŵӣ˵ڱչسڣȴֻĿڱǴѹˡ
ߣ־͹⼸ʮ̫ˣĻҲǴЭ顣
ˣ쵽ʱˣʱһǾͿԷսڵŵˣһΣһҪûһվ

ŵŵӶս߰η޾壬ɨһŵӣ·Ȼǵ˿һ
ߣɶһҪúõĽѵǡ
ûĽʦ㣬ǻǡ塢սλʦ֣ѹǿɲô׵һ顣
һʦֳ֣Ҫ֪ŵӵķɡ
һŵŵӵʱŭ壬ǲûнϣԼϣǼǡ塢սϣȻ˵ʵõȫŵӵϿɡ
ˣ
̫գʱһһӹ㳡

ʱ㳡һ
ˣھͿʼɡֻվźЦһᣬڵĽ»飬һǿҪϣڸλͽܹߴͽһ
ǰΪҲ뷨Ц
λȻô˵ˣȻʾǫ̃ɡ̫΢΢һЦ𣬴һӣ˵̨
δ䣬ߴʱֻ֮һаɵĸ̨֣˸ֵܹܵĹΪߴŵ书дò
ڵˣᣬд裬㵽Ϊֹɹʼɡ̫˵
Ҷҿˡ̫һ˵꣬ͼվһ߸ϵ̬˳һۣһ߳ǰ̫һ˵ŵǣĶӴͽ̣
ৣ
һ˵꣬ǾƮƮ䵽˱̨ϡ
ӣҪսӣ
ٺ٣˵Ķ½ŵӣ츳ףʵǿǰЩӸао޴ջڿʵףǿ֮һҲôöԸ
ô˵ҵϣܹǣһΪһˣʱԶʦ־Ϳսˣ塢ս
һ˵ˣһ־ͽƷʯԽ붴ʱ䣬ֱĽ
ʼˡ
һŵ۵ʱѾ̨Ƕһа֮ʱӳˣǣһݣ˵аɣܹӵУҡ
ԲѡǱڳǰһѻ⻰ֱǰеŭȼˣڵһ£ȼһһӡ
֣ܹǣ̨£׵ƺƽ˶һţϾղųΪǶվģԼԣĴӣǳҪԶһֱۣǿɲԸ⿴һĻ
ǺǣҶģǵʲôЦ
ʱ㻹ЦóǷˡƽЦ
Ҳǡ׵Ƶ
ߣǾȻϣʦְܸӣֱΪڵӡһ⻰һ˵ҶͲҪˣʦִӣԶֱ۰ɣʱ֪ǶۣǶұۣ
˵ĵطôĿ罣һ䵽ϣĵ
㡭ǴŭȴһָоôܣұͻڣôҸоһͿɱңһǼٵġɫڴ˵ߣ͵Űɣ
̨ϣӺսһţսӿԪһƬƬ硣
˶ΪǿսҪֳʤ򵥡
ɾܹǡ
ǣʵôƲ̤Ǭ˵ңֱǳ룿
˵̫ˡбһĿݺɨ˳һۣ˵죬ҾҪ㣬֪ǲܹģڰ֮⣬ɱ˵գ˫չһֻӥ衣


1163 ᣨ3

˫չһ˲䣬ͼһƬĻ٣Ŀռ˺ڰ֮С
ڰӳԾ
ٺ٣ڲ֪δҲ̫ЩɡЦһ˫ֵգһֻڱʯһĹǵصļ̻һŶһɫ䡣
⻨һ꣬ÿһ궼аƴСӨɢһ䡢ڰ֮תռңռֽͬһ㱻˺ѳ룬ʮڰۣ֮֮һпռ䡣
Ǻ޺ɱֻӲ壬һ۷裬죬ƷһſǳХγһƬǳ֮֮ˮһк£Ǻڰ֮
˲䣬ǳ֮ڰ֮ײһֻۣһڰֽ֮ͬһ㱻˺ɷ۴⣬ǵصǳ֮ͬǳһǡ
ʲôˣɫһ䣬ɫݣڰӿγɺɫɨķ쳤Хڰѹ
δ䣬ޱߵĺڰϯͷϿգһڰܻ裬һ̣Ǿͷ·ڰ֮񣬽ٴأҪѹӣֲĺڰϿֶ£ռ䶼鿪
¡
ڰ٣ͬһ㣬ѹһУһУκζҪ֣Ҳ⣬ǳ̱֮ڰɣ̺ͬˮһ㣬ԵƥУǹЦôֵ
Сǳ֮ìҴɱһЦ˫ֱԲǳһſһǳһߣһ˳ìݺݴ̳Ӻȵǣ̫ΪˣҵǳѾг۷֮ĺڰǿһߣҿôҰܰɣ
أ
ɲǣǴĺڰͱ̴ǳ֮ìһ㣬һֲ˼ٶȴǵࡣ
룡ŭգŭŭͬҰһ㣬ڰۣγһ˳ǹоɳһݺݶȥصһײǳ֮ìϣһ죬ѿ
ʲô
һ£ԼԾһŵӣԼս˶һѵĻ䲻ɣ
ۣ
𾪵ĿУڰ֮ǹ飬ǳ֮ìǵࡣ
ʲôҲܸģޱߺڰٰɣڰ֮׺ڰڹ綼ֻһɫʣǾǺɫŭǲʵ飬㾡ȫԪ߶ڰ򣬴Լĵͨޱߺڰ
¡¡
硢ֲļµϢɢǴĺڰһ̨֣ڰ֮Уûһ·ʧȥɫʣֻкڰڡ
˼ˣ𾪲ѣĿⶼ᲻ŲΪǷֳʤһУܷ񷴰Ϊʤ
ǣֶ𣿺ܺãǳҽٰɣӺڷ裬Ц˫ϯһµӡһɹɿɲǳϯǴǳ
ʮɷ֮ͨһʮλ
ʣһǿɱĴͨһʩչŵԼ϶һҲ⣬˵ѹˣˣõ˴ǳǰˡ
ǰˣ
ֹһôãսҲ֪֡
ۣ
޷ݣӵĴǳ֮£ǵ޼ڰ׾ٵģ˺ѣֱӹϣأѪ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
أ
䵽˱̨ϣǶѪѣ˺ۡ
ӱǳ֮ģһ㽵һſǳɢ¶ſݵӣǣĵˡ
ҰˣǼѵ̧ͷһǲʣҾȻܸ㣿
һĶʤ̫սɫ˿Уޱ˵
ৣ
ӹֳķ˱̨
ᣬУһ˲սˣںսҪսĶ֡
ʦְˣ
ǵȼᶨ֧ǵŵӶͣţҲţԼĿսһʦ־Ȼܸһûжӡ
֣׵ƺƽ˶ϲĿųԡ
ǺǣѾ˵ˣ԰֮Ц
Ҷŭӳԣ̾ͱǳ⣬
㡭Ǹŭԣһߺ޵¡
ʧǵ·ûзӦһⶼΪһսӰ̫ˣû뵽ԼܸӣǲԳԣΪǸԼ
ûһ˵ÿһŵӶ
⣬ֻһʱ֮ܣպʤδ֪忴˳һۣǵļ˵
һʱĳɰ㲻ʲôֻһĳɰܲǹؼս˵
ǰʦ֣ǧ⣬츳ڼĻһԴӡҲǰ˵
֪ˡǵ
ˣսһۣоһ֪̾ǵΪ˺ԸڶʱǺѴʧ߳ˣҲã֪죬ˣϣԺҪԴˡ
Ϊɵ޹̨ŵӳսʱ޹̨ˣ溬΢Ц˿ˣ崺һ㣬ķĿ䵽˳˵ϣֲߴͽ̡
ս壿ٺ٣һŶˣҪѿ
ŵ֮УΨǡ塢ս˴ﵽǿˮ׼ˣȻǳսˣֻǲ֪޹ܷܳ壿
ҿпܣ޹Ǿʦһȭ֣һɲǳֵܹġ
ٺ٣кϷˡ
ŲŵӵĿⶼ䵽˳ϡ
սŭ
ڼŵӶŭ⡣
սңܺáһƮվһɽһֱ৵һ£ƿռ䣬䵽˱̨ϣ˵Ϊ޹˵ͷϣ㲻Ҫʧְɣ


1164 ᣨ4
룡޹һȻԹЦɽһϯһһΡΡɽƣ·һɽƶһ㡣
ѩ֪ܷ֮޹׵ƿ̨϶ˣ˵
޹ҲΪ½ĵӣǿƥҿǸոմﵽǿˮ׼ͳλǿ߲һЩƽ˵
ô׵ûд𻰣Ѱʳԡ
˵ĲΪȷʵ޹ʤһֻ¶⡣Եĵ
Ŷ׵¶죬ȴҲûжʡ
Ҷ⻰ʲô˼ĪΪʦֻ䣿ʱһߵ΢ŭ
˵ģҿûô˵Ц
㡭ٴγԱԶԡ
ǣ¡ս
ǣսʦ֡Ƿߺ޵Ŀ˳һۣ¡
Ҳ⣬УֻһСѣлĻԲɱڱ̨ϵ޹ͳˣֻ΢΢ü޹һõҲǿͨ
飡
̨ϣ޹սһţڳܣϯɴɵѩռݵķȻΪһѩ磬̨涼һļѩ硣
޹һȭһʽ̺˼һȭռ䶼·ѹˡ

һкȻǻʼѧʮڳıѩ֮кֱײ֮ѩ۴⣬壬޹Ц壬Ҳˡ
һһһյʱ䣬嶼ѹƣ𾪣ŵԼ϶ٴˣ̫鶼΢΢ü
㲻Ҫ̫ſˣСŭ
ѩƮɣ
¡٣
Զѩ
һ˲䣬ʹɱУ̺˱ѩһоԶѩǿɲﶼˣʧȥһжΪ
ߣֶǾ͸Ұܰɡ޹һϯȣһȭ£ɱ¡¡ʱ޿ɵֵ̨֡
ۣĶѩ飬ɫ䣬޹Ѿ֣˾ö飡
ˣ
ʱоͬһ㣬һһѪ˳ȥ
ϡ޹˵
㡭ۡ죬δ˵꣬һѪ
ʦ֣ˣһŵӶ𶯣սҲüͷ塣
һɳɫѿ̫飬һƽ˵ΪɵӺֶΣˡ
ǺǣˡЦ
˶ǴЦ˵󣬿ǺһᣬڵĽºɨŵӵĳֻڱ任˹
˴дѣ档̫Ц
ǺǣôǾͼдɡǺЦ
ৣ
ֻһλɫֱͦѪ۵»ŵ֮˳˵»Ԫڵսս׿һս죬վһ
˵꣬λԪѵһΣ䵽˱̨ϣĿ䵽սϡ
սʦ֣
һŵӶǵǣǿѾˣͿսˣǿɲսԪѡ
ã
ս֪ԼֻϳˣӦһһս嵽˱̨ϣս߰ʵʣ˫ĿӭԪѵĿ⣬˵룡
Ǳ˾ͲˡԪѴһ̨̤ҡʱһɿɲɱ¾ϯͷϿ̳һѪӣ罭ӹݣҲһѪɫꪣѪۣɢѪȥ
ˣ
սҲսһȥ¡¡սֺ꣬ɽǿƥսӣ˫ȭɽ˫ݺݴʱս죬಻ͺһƶĴɽ
顱һ
һ˲䣬սͺԪײһѪսڣŷ֮ǧսں
飬˲ǧεײָߵͣÿһײӣɽ纣ƿգս·սߣ߲ݵսͺһ֮ˣһ˲䣬ͷ·սһ㡣
ԪʵǿѾɱ¾޽ӽɵĵزɱ¾һ·֮ɱ¾Ϊãɱ¾֮
һ̶ϣԪѶɱ¾ãħӵ
Ȼ˶ӵǿսҪڶʱڷֳʤʵڲܡ
սʦֹȻһԴԪѡ
Ҫսʦ֡
һǿɲˣڵͶˡ
ǰսʦֶսܵĻǿɾûˡ
һŵӶǵۣϣսܹԪѣǣڵһɳ϶ϣ̫ȻһƽȴǽţϣսܹԪѣΪʧܵĺ
һʧܣڿɾЦˡ
ãսʸԪѵĶ֣Ҫóȫˣɱ¾ħԪѷ·Ѫһ㣬һ֮䣬Ѫ罭ӣֻۣѪ磬ͬٲһԪϵƶʱǣһͷڷѪѪ
𣡺𣡺𣡡ޣ绢ʨһǣߴѪɫۣɱ¾֮٣һģͼһѪӡմս
ãҲʸʹȫһս죡սսⰺȻη޾壬һǰսսĺ죬һɸ߰ս־ư磬·ǵԼǴһȺսߡ
ҪԪһս
飡飡飡飡
˵ӰҷǧٵӰ飬γǿļѹռ䶼ңѪĻ죬ս죬֮·֧ɱһһʮֿ¡


1165 ᣨ5
ɱ֮ƣ
Ԫѵɱ¾Ѿͻƴɵףһȭһƶ̺˿µɱ¾󽭣ӣƣصһײսϣɽ嶯ҡε˳˫Ŀơ
ԪѴȵ
ս
սһʩչԼǿͨһ׻ʼѧޱȣսֺ꣬Žսһ㣬սʤ
ս޲ʤ
ս޲ˣ
ս޲
ս첻ܣ
սһʽһ˲䱻սʩչ˳һ̣Ϣﵽ۷壬Ҳ磬ǿƥѹԪѣսһһԪѣսȣҰܰɣ
սҲò㣬ҪңȴǲܣΪҴǰõ˻Եʮɷ֮ͨеĴɱ¾ˣɣԪѹЦӢѪɱ¾׽ɱ¾һжҪ⵽ɱ¾
ۣ
սսʽֽͬɵһ׵˺ѣɱ¾ϣʱ׻һ㵹ɳȥѪһʱ侹Ȼˡ

˽ֱһŵӡˣö˵
Ƕ˶һ˫Ŀ˫ۣ϶¶˷ߺ֮ɫǲʣȴ޼ˡ
սʦְˣ˵
ˡʮϰŵ˵
ˣ׵ƺƽ˶㶣˳һۣһԲ
ܴˣǿȫʧһοǰ̧ͷˡ
ãҲһűĽһ˳ͷͽзˮתҲ֪ζˡ
˵ĺãԺڵӻҲĽһ˺ɨŵӣ
ǸôһѾˣŵ
ڿ»ͷһɣ
೤϶Ц⣬Ȼû˵ŵȴСۿ򳽻Ե˵񣬶ǳӣȫһ߸ϵ顣
ɶ̫
˰ɣλʦֶˣǸӲǵĶ֡
ʲ°һڻޣû뵽һ쾹Ȼ䵽أԺȥ¶ҪܾŵĳЦ
ʲô취أ
һŵӶ߲ѣĿĿŵӣǲʡ
Ƕ˶һ̾
֣ʱ׵ƺƽ˶򳽻ԡ
ǫ̂սеУֻҪƽϳɰܣ͵ˡЦ
һ°ɡ׵˵
šƽ
Ұˣ̨ϣսһͣ˵
սʵ㲻ұǲһЩ˵ӱһʼѾעĽ֣ˡԪ˵
һΣһġսվһԪ˵
ʱ򡣡ԪˬһЦķ˱̨
ѽʵǲ˼ְˣְҿӣѾûսĵˡ鿴̫飬Ц˵ɲҪŭ
һСܶѣᶯŭЦ
ӱֲѣλЦˡ̫һƽ˵ĻǺһЦ˵Ÿոտʼڸɵսɡ
šͳƶ˶ǵͷ֮ɫ
ৣ
ʱľһ߳һλ꣬ò˵³һսɣ
³ҪһսˣҲãҾͽˡ̫֮߳һλƤ𪣬̬꣬ƽͣ³˫΢Уâ˸˵һΣһģ
ߣҶ˲ΣδֳʤһΣҶҪ㡣³˵

˲䣬³˾ͳ˱̨ϡ
ܿ죬˾սһ
³ʵǿҲһ׻ʼѧܿսܹսڴܣں˽֮֮Ҳʮһս˽֣˭Ҳκβ˭
̫жƽ֡
ʮŵӶսԼĶ֣սֺֻ꣬ûһսڵˣ·ûһᶫʲôˣͺһ͡
һ㣬೤ϸоˣڶŵӶܵһ㣬ǡ塢սһܣھΪһͣΪУֻ˲ſһսսˣȻҲõǵעˡ
οһᣬŶˣ˴ͨҪѿ
ڣˡ
ŵӱ˴սǻʤڣ·һһ
ڣͺһˣ¡
һ£һɳɫѿ̫ҲǱտڲһŵһҪ³
ৣ
һԽˡ
˴ʱѾʱŸӶ̨չ¶֣ÿһ̨ῴһŵˣߣǹһ˿Ц·ڳһ
ڵӰ׵ϼӻմͽ̡ʱ׵վһƵ˵
׵ƣ
ˣǵˣ˶ԾĿ
׵Ƿˣһ½ŵӣʵǿ߾ȥսϼĻգȡ𣿡
һѾעĽ֡
׵ƣǸʲô˭̨սģ㹻ʸ𣿡һɵ۷׷ףվһŭ˵ǶĲ𣿡
ߣȻˣ̨ȥ׵˵
㡭ŭȴЦԼңȴֹˣǣҺܻڵҳϣ٣׵Ϊڶսȴ̨ûС


1166 ᣨ6
Ҷ㻹˵ңбȥսӡ޹ǣΪ⡣ŭ
һġԳĬһ£˵ֻұ졣
㡭Ǹһ˵ȴͻȻоԵĿˣ罣һ㣬̵۾ۣʱ۾ܻĵãҾͿ̨սӡ޹ϣ㲻Ҫʳԣߣ
ɫݣĿƽλϣһ֮С
Ҷ
һ̣ǡս˶ռһ˴˶һۣĿһ
ҶǽˣҪսӺ޹˲ɣ
ɣ˵ͻڲãʵܹﵽͲӶ˵Ķ֣
˵ĲӺٰ
ˣѾˣҽɣһѾΪˣ׵ƺҶ̨¶˵ڲʧܡ
ǰ׵ƺͻյıԿʼˡ
һŵ۷׷ףԳҪսӺ޹ʮ𾪣о˼飬ΪսŵʱΪͻƺڲãȴҪսӡ޹ǿߴڣʵЩȡ֡
׵ƣ׵˭һӰɣ
˵ǽ½ŵӣûʵ
İɣʦֿͻڰʱˣӵǿʵվͿԳɾ׵ƻ練ƣ
ϼһӶԻżġ
׵ƣһ½ŵӾսһգʵڳҵԤϣҪ㣬ҵĶ֡ɫȻĿŰ׵ƣ֮ûһ˿ţΪУ׵ƶ˿в
սɣ׵Ƶ˵꣬׵ƶˣһ㣬ƮԶԶȥͺһƾ棬Ȼ׵֮ƴٶ֮죬·̫һ㡣
ţɼΡ
ȻʵһЩЩûȴǿ˲١
ڴ˹ͷվԿóҳϣֵࡣ
һɳϣ̫׵̨һ£Ⲣ˵ľǳԤϣΪһеˣΪѾˡ
ǡ塢սӵǿսŵӶѾˣ˵һ½ӣӵ޵սŵ̨ҲͽЦ
ⶼǿصģǿصǰ׵ƵҳϣϾ˭֪ʵֻ̨Ŀܡ
ҲǻղѰ׵Ƶֵԭ
ȻҪսóȫʵܵúܿ죬ĳԤϡҲ͵Ŀ˰׵һۣһͷϽɫĳ裬ɢһɿ񱩵Ϣ·һͷʨ
һ̣֮
ˣ
һܳһϽɫĹⲨγɳһĹ֮䣬֮ȥбȣʨȭ¡һȭռֱըڵһ㡣
أ
ֻһȭһȭ߽˰׵Ƶ֮򣬽˳ȥ˵óȫɣ
Ը׵ޣȻĮȻ·һﶼע⣬̯һ㣬ʱһɫγɣһһ㣬η
ư
һ³׵һγȥӱ̨·ڸ۴ԭҰһ㡣
ǡŹ̨£һָڹע׵ƣʩչһͨһ⹦ϢʩչķͨϢһ޶Ԥϡ
𣡡
һʮɸߴѩʨ֣׵ơ
ۣ
ֻһ壬ʨɢ׵ռ䣬Ȼ򻳿ա
ͨҪҵϡ΢΢죬Ͼʨȭѧܹô׵ıƽ⣬Ѿ˵˰׵һʽͨͬѰˣҲЩˡ
ŭ𷨣
һԴ棬һϢԻɢʵһ㣬Ӱ˵뾫磬ȭͷ·ڴȭ赸һ㣬̬ۼȴ̺ʮֿ¡
أ
һ죬ɢȥǧ˱׵Ƶֳɫһ䣬񣬲ﲻϢ־Ӱ졣
ʱ֮У๾࣬·޾ˮһ㡣
һ߿ֻ׵Ȼչһɫӳ֮򣬳ǲ־

һж·ɢʧһһпŭ𷨱ˡ
ʲô
һ£ձ˳Ծϼ˽һʽͨ궼һղǻգǿߣǰ׵ƽվҲ̵ܹʱڷӦ
ãܺã׵ƣܹұƵһҺ㣬һжΪֹɡɫ࣬ԹЦϣĿƣ˫ȭдȣ֮ȭҴ֮ŭ֮ն֮
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ɲ֮䣬޾֮ɢ׵İɫϣǰߵ˳ſھһѪ˳ȥ׵סΣŻ˵һսˣķڷ֮һһս
ҵšĿһһЦ
׵һЦķ̨
ৣ
Ҳ׵һ㣬ķ֮󣬻صϼλá
׵ƲԾͲܹģǻСˡ
Ҳֹڴˡ
ǣѾˣһ׵ƻһǵ档
ŵĵڵۣҲ׵ּС
׵
֣Ȼˣ١ƽЦ
Ǻǡ׵һЦ
Ҷ㲻Ҫϳ𣿡ʱһԵǿȥˣ˵
˻һ˶򳽻ԡ
Ӧ


1167 ᣨ7

ֻǿһۣ·һվ׵ƺƽ˵ҲãôãҲϸȥɽˡ
֣׵ƺƽԶɫһ䣬Ҫսӡ޹
ǺǣҾǰ֪֮˼ʶһ£֪ʲôˣ죬ʸϣʵҲϡЦ˵꣬ѵ˳ʣһҶսĶӣ
ৣ
һһ䵽˱̨ϡ
ʲôһڵ̨ս
Ҫսӣ찡⼮ҶҪսӣѵûпӴ𣿡
ǰ׳գǷӣ
Իһ˵꣬ŵϡӾͼסˣ̨ϵĳԣǸоЩ˼飬ԾתҪ֪ӿǴλŵ֮һӦû˸սŶ԰
УҶ˭ôͰ׵һû˵
½ŵ
˶ͷ
СһԳڳϯϣԣ΢΢һ£˵
ԳʶҶһλʵ
̫Ҳ˹֪ԳϵԸܹע˿ǾԲͬѰ
šԳϵͷ˵һ飬ܽӵϷƽһˡ
ղǰ׵½ŵӣҶҲ½ӣһŵȻʮߣʣµСһﶼʻĳϺЦ˵ӱϾˣ콾ϣҪ֡
ţҲϷĵġԳϵͷ˵
սңĶһһȻλϣ⻰Ҳһ£򳽻ԣվЦܺãڵӵʵû٣ȴˣѵǻǸĴļһ𣿡
ʦ֣֪Сһѵ
֪ĶֶΡ
ٺ٣ֻҪͳɣʦ㿴Űͺˡ
ŭˣλĶŵҲ΢ŭЦĿųԣӽѵ
һ֪֮һѵһЦɫư˳̧ͷ΢΢Ƴ˳һۣչչһ㣬һ⣬ͳ˱̨ϣ˫֣һִ̬ӳԡ
һ½ŵҲսӣ˵ʵҺ㣬ҪΪ˸ۡ˵
ٷϻְɣǹһ˿ЦаɱӣڼˣҲŪȴ֪ڲУıһȴǿԣû˿Ŀ
ŭңô򣡡ɫһû뵽ԵҶ˵Ĳһӣһǳ֮ռ䣬糤ì
ʵ̫ˡ̬ƽɫޱƱһ｣ΣһХ糵һѹۣһ˲䣬ͽӵǳ֮飬ǿƥѹȥ

Ҳһ˲䣬Զˣһɷһ㡣
ʲô
ߴţǵһӾ͵ɴ۾ţǡҶ
ôôǿǴĵ
ǶСսЦ
Ǻͳ˶ĬȻ
С㣬ҵ¡жŭӳһĨɱ⣬貵ǳ̻һŶ˴ͨǹһƣɼǳںϣγǿǳѹ򳽻ԡ
̫ˡ
һ£һƥɽһѹۣɲǣӵͨͣصһɢ˿ɫ䡣
ȻѾƽ
ãܺãҵģǳɫݣôû뵽һ½ӾȻǿʵԤϣҲߣʩչ˴ǳ

һЦָſ϶ֶ£ͣһſǳʱһȫصһ£ϣ𣬵ɴ˫Ŀŵĵ˳ȥ
ˡ˫һվǰ˵
㡭ۡĿ𣬻ճڣһѪ

˶ʱȻ̨ӱˣյʱ䣬ӾͰˣ
Ӯˣ
һŵӶţǿϲǵҲо𾪣š
ֵʵ𣿡ƽ𺳵
֮ġ׵Ц
ãһڳ϶Ǵϲ¶΢Ц̫϶һ˿Ц⣬ȻǶԳԴޱȡ
ʦ־ȻˣĶľŴŵӶԼǰǵˣǰܵ˳ס
ߡ޾һ䲻
޹δ֮߳ʱ̨ϵĳ˵ˣĿ䵽Ϊɵ޹ϣɫݵɸӦս
кβң޹վһƼɵʵӲಮ٣ǰܹӣҲʮ֮˾ֻܹһսⲻˣغΪɵ档
ȥɡƿ˳һۣ޹˵
ǡ޹һһ䵽˱̨ϣѾĶӷȥˡ
Ҷ̫ǿˣ֪޹ܷ
ʲô˿ðȵӣѵһҪ飿УǱ

һЩǿߵӶǵŷߺ޵Ŀ⿴ųԡ
ְɡ޹Ըɾ
䣡
޹ĿƵĿ򳽻ԣϵɽһڽǿƥɽһƶռ䶼ң򳽻ԣڡ
ʵӲ£ܸңҲֻһͿءԵĵ
룡޹һһȭʱͬˮһ򳽻ԣҪû


1168 ᣨ8
ˣ
飬һͣվȴһ籩֮ɢϢûκεףͻһ㣬޹ֱ𶯣·궼ں
ô£޹󾪵
һ̣ʩչ˰֮öδһ²ĴҪ֪ʮͨʮλһϴͨйأޱȣɲ⣬ɴĦҪ򣬱ȴħҪѡ
񣬳ڲ˰֣֣Ҳֵܹġ

ۣ
޹ɫ֣Ҫʩչ̸оԼ궼ֹͣ˼û˼룬ͺһʬһ㣬ͬһһţ˫һɣһѪ˳ȥ
ʲô
ŵȫŵӶˣһɳ϶ɫݣơ޾̡˵ɫҲЩѿֻǰ̫ûбֳ
á
ȴ޷ֹһɳϽкã̫ź΢Ц
̫ǿˣҶʦ̫ǿˣѵǸ콾ɣһŵ״ε˵϶ĻɵĴ޹ӶˣǱǿ߶Ҫµĸ콾ܹĽʦ콾
콾찡ֳһ콾ˣ
ǰҶʦֲͻڣʵʹﵽ˾磬δǰ;󰡣
һ˲䣬ŵӼˣԳԵĳƺҲʦֶ֣ȻԵʵǡ
⡭Ѿ˵ˡ
ǡ塢ս˶ɫӲһȫ߸ǵ֪
Ҷʲôôǳֹ
һᣬҪѹڵƣҶͻȻ
ֹֹ
֮Σ
սԸĽһԸҶ
ŵȻһ˴ѾʶΪԴӺ޹˶Ҫѹ
ã죡
ܿ죬ŴЭ顣
ҺľԪҶһֶΡһͼһλïܺڷһ׵վ˳Ӵվڱ̨棬һȣͺСһ㡣
áЦ룡
¾ͲˡԪһ򳽻ԣһͷڳ档
ҪԳս֮սҶ
Ǽֱ̫ɶˣһҲԸĽµģ㿴Ҫֹ𣿡
Ҷ츳һźӣɲǴˡ
һڳϼͷ󼱣æ̫顣
ڿҶδȫ£ұҲ뿴ٴĳ档̫ЦǷģҶʲô飬ڻἰʱֹġ
ǡڳӦ
飡
ʯ쾪һĴֻԪӰһ飬ÿһײĺĳӣӴսľһ㣬ԪӲκβóԷֺƴϣռκαˡ
һĻ˽Ԫʵ˶һ
Ϊ˲˿ԶֻǶýͨȻʵʵΪϾҪͻڵĴڣԾѹΪ˽ʵǿᡣ
ΨҶ𹦣
ȭ
ɽ
ԪԽԽľһɱʹκβóԣҲǱһ߶ȫԪȵҶҵĴ󽭺δ䣬ʱΣӹ󽭴ӳ֣򳽻ԡ
Сɴ󽭺Ҳ棿ɢһЦһǴŭ䣬֮䣬ȫ߽⡣
أ
Ԫһ𣬵ɳȥ
ʲô
˴󾪡
ҶԪһսʱԪվ˳һƬɱ¾籩˳Զ棬˵ɱ򳽻ԡ
ɣԻȻ޾壬ֱ˵
ȣԪѴһѪ֮ϯɱ¾棬ѪĻ죬ѪѪɫۣԪѾͬɱ٣ݣս򳽻ԡ
ս
һŵɫһ䣬ŭ޳ܣֱ޳ܣǾȻóսԸҶʦ֣
˵һǾԸĽʦģϧʧˣϣҶʦܹ
Ǽֱ̫ɶˣϣҶʦֲҪ飬úýѵǡ
һŵӷ׷׽е
ٺ٣ҶôӦ
žӢŶԸһˣûвܵĵ
˵Ĳ־ֻܹԼ̫õ͵ˣѵ֪ľ֣ش֮𣿡
෴ŵȴЦ
޾̡ơޱ飬һȴĬµӵĻԭһοʧǰ̧ͷû뵽·ɱҧƻǵĺ£˵ܲŭ
أ
ڴʱԪѱһƴ˳ȥ
ˣŵĵӶɫһ䣬ܿͼԪʩչԼɱɱ¾ħ񱩡͡ʵϢϣͺһʮĶͽӯ˫ֶմɱ¾֮Ѫ

̬Ȼž޲ʩչ˴
ʱ䣬ǳžȻС֮û룬ɲСڴѾڣԿ϶˵ͻڣֻҪһˡ
ԣ־ϣԪѺͳûпɱԣҲˡ
أ
ֻѣһѪԪѸӷˣʩչ˴ɱ¾ۣޱ޼ʵѪɵɱ¾֮򳽻ԣͺǾκˣԾһҶۣҪ


1169 ᣨ9
ֻǣ
Ȼǲܣ
ۣ
ΰԪѿԴȵģǱˣҲûиоԴϢǱȾΪµͨҲǴĿµ֮һ
أ
𾪵ĿУԪѵ˳ȥѪ
ˣ˶һ򳽻ԵĿУ˼ɵĹԡ
޾̡顢Ƶ˶ɫ
ˣµӵˣλҿ͵˽ɡʱ̫վЦһ̣оޱȵ泩򳽻ԵĿⶼ֮ɫ
޾̵һǲ
̫սҶһµվ˵
ŶҶѾսԪĲ٣ĹأԾܾӦս֪Σ̫΢΢ͷ򳽻ԣԴǵ˵ҲЩĳԾܲסս
ڴ˴ΪȻҪÿ˱飬ӦսˡԹ˵
ãڵӡ̫Ŀ˳һۣɨ޾̵һۣ˵Ȼˣ̨ɣ
ǡ
޳ܣֱ޳ܡŵӸŭĿĿŭȴδһ㣬䵽˱̨ϣ򳽻ԣ˵Ҷ룡
롣Ե
ˣ
𶯣ɽϯâնʱһƬɫգֶ£һ֮һиռ䣬һһѿ˼㣬˲С
ʵϣҲûСϾ򣬹Ϭһ̶޹Ӷһ㡣
¡¡
ױԴۣ֮ˮк£û˻أһģʱһӡǴ̩ɽѹ֮ƣѹǧ֮Σǿƥһ֣û顣
ɱ
𶷷
Ʋ壡
ͨ⣬ԶԶȥͬһս޵ηս򳽻ԣɱʩչˮһɫ磬ն£񣬽չֵ쾡¡

ˣҲ˿ķױԴ޽ӽɣǲ齣ҲԽ֮ӳʮ֮˾ŵ䣬һ춼·𱻴ˡ
飡
һ֮Уﱻˡ
޾̵ɫѿޱȣһɳϡӶĬˡ
Ҷ̫ǿˣǰǰ»ԪѡΪɵ޹ĶӡľµԪٴ̫ŵǾ壬ֻϼˣԲҪľ档
һɳϺ͵ȴǻϲóݡ𾴵Ŀ⿴򳽻ԣ׵ƺƽҲ⡣
˵ڳеĵλѾԽǡսͳˣϾһûгԵĻھޣһޱεľأ޷ġ
ˣ
ʱͻȻ֮ȵȽǹꪸӷи֮
и΢΢
ĵǴиҶɡȻ˵
ҡҡͷ
㲻䣬Ҿʹ䡣һ򳽻ԣƥиϯһж⵽˻Դ
иĵƾȻǴи
찡Ȼʮ֮ͨеĴиҶ䶨ˡ
Ҿ֪ʦеƵģҶñܡ
һ˲䣬ŵӶǴϲ޾̵˵϶һЩϲɫ̫Լ೤΢΢üȴһ˶û˵

û˵Բ˷ۣʩչ˴һ˵ĴͨҪѱȵ죬˴и㣬ҲҪԼͽȻ
츳޹أ޹أԵ޹أйصڸˡ
壬
¡
Ĵиϯԣľȴʱֹͣˣֹͣ˼û˼룬·һһ㣬أ˫ĿɴۣһѪɳȥˡ
ֻ޹˺ࡣ
ˣķڷ˵
ϡԵ
˱̨ص̫š

޾̡ƺ˿򳽻ԣ޲ýɱˡ
ʱϼƽϼ˵ˡ
ǣʦһһֻһɫȹӣģƤ𪣬˫ĿγŮ˳
΢΢̧µ°ͣһ˫Ŀ򳽻ԣ˵ϼҶʦָС
Ȼϼ˵һʦһ֣֪ܷܳԣ
ҿѣҶ̫ǿˣϣܹɹϾҲˣſɾǶˡ
ǰԺڵӶ̧ͷᰡ
ŵ۷׷ף꿴ȡ
ʦԿɫƽ˵룡
룡һŮӣҲһŮӣһ˫޳趯ͺһ԰ɫ赸һ㣬ų׵ĹԣһƵᣬѾ֡
Ǿ
£
ʩչһľһְɫһĹԣһӾ򳽻Եľ硣
ǰþ֮ԡ΢΢һЦľڣǿƥȻѹƣҲܹģ˵ľһǳԵľһƬ֮ȫûпɱԡ
ԣľ¹Եľ磬ͬһ㣬Уľ


1170 С
ʲô¶˾ݣ۾ӡһԽС̵˳򳽻Եľ紫ݶȥ·һһ
ɱޱȵĻ⡣
龻
䣬һ˫Ŀɴ󣬶𾪺Ͳ˼飬߳һͬϸһɢһʥࡢϢɢһеɱ¾񱩡ŭҰ
ֻǳɫݣ˿龻Ӱ졣
ôܣסˡ

ѾˣһǰʧУ䡣
ˡһ˲䣬˳ȥƽ˵

˳һۣĿǼɵ±̨صϼ죬˵ʦľ־̫ǿˣ޷Ӱ쵽
Ϊʦ֪ˡϼĵ
ŵӿһĻʱû޾̡ͳƵ˶һԲ
֪һλҪս£˵

˷һƬ
ȿȣҶ°ɡ̫΢΢һЦ˵λ͵ΪֹɣϣλҪ黳
һɳ̫֮£ҲЦ⣬棬Ȼʮֵĸˣ෴ųϺ͵Ӷһԣ޾̵Ҳ֪²ΪˣǷ׷׳ԣ˵ڵӺֶΣ
ǰһͽɣһҲھС
ȥ֮ڶҪȺһúɹһղɽš
Ǻǡ̫ǺһЦ˵ãѾס֮λ룡
һŵϡӾɢȥˡ
Ҳȥɡ̫˻֣Ŀ䵽˳ϣ˵Ҷʱһˡ
ǡԹݵ
Ҷʦ֣Ҷʦ֡һ·֪ŵǰʺãԵķͷһʱѹˣ׵ƺƽߵߣϲ⣬ǰ˵֣ϲ
Щ˶ĽĿ⿴ųԣ˶⡣
ˣȻɻȴҲûж˵
ǰ㱻ټϲƽ˵
ֻټѣֵùϲĵطЦ
ֲ֪׵Ʋ
֪ʲôʵ
֣һᣬĽʦһ˺ɨţҲǱټСԺһͻڣҲҪдˣ˵ӦӦõϲ׵Ц
С磿ˣΪǵ˶ĽԼˣԭôһ¡
Сʮ֮࣬ΨʥӲſԽÿֻλᣬÿһβó죬죬Ҳ㿰ޡƽͷ˵
ʮһǳ簡ĻСŨǿеλˣ
Ϊʮ֮˾ܹͻΪ洫ӡ׵Ƶ
ȻҲܹͻϾڸʵ»Ҫһصʱ䣬һ֮ɨŵӣ´󹦣ô˽ֱƽĽ˵
ǺǣλҲǾޣպΪ洫ӣҲҪἰЦ
š׵ƺƽ˶ͷ
˾ͷֱ𣬳Իصס
ϸϸ㣬׵ƶ˵С죬һкܴͻڡ
һҹ޻
ڶһ磬ȺǱ𣬵ʱǰ
Ҷ롣
һִѾڵȺҶĵڵ̫ʮλϺȻ
ݼԹ
񡣡̫Ϸ˵Ҷһȫ˵һ󹦣ںλˣѡȡһ׻ʼѧС죬ϣܹͻ
л԰ݵ
š೤Ͽ򳽻ԣ׵ͷ
ˣ汾ɡ̫˵
һ̫ͳԶǰһʯţֻ̫ӡʯŴ򿪣˽ȥԸں
һС磬ɽˮͬһ㣬ͺˮһ㣬һĳգóԾ̾Ũ
ڵһٳģķչ˽ȹģҶܹȱĶͣϣܹסһ㡣̫˵
һάڡ˵
š̫ͷ̬޲ָǰ˵˼оžŰʮһչңâʯڣһ̫ϳ޹ѡһɣ֮һ
ǡԵ
ܿ죬Ծѡһҡ
̫ȥ
ԽҿʼڣԷĴ󵨵Ľͻƣû֪
֮ڣۿɼͬϸһ㻷ڳܣһһ֣ͬһһ㡣

Ա˫Ŀ״̬۷״̬ڡ
ǰһΣԳʧܣһʱ˺ͣһԳɹұߴʮֱˮһϴڣʮʮʮ
ֻǣԵ͹ԼͻڵѶȣϰϸоԼͻƣһҧ˵ˣһұͻڡ
Ϊȫƣܺһսͨսˮ׼ڴܣҲֻһܣΨͻڣʵŻʱ̴ʹֻ޵вεڴһƴ
Ȼǿ߾ͲҪˡ
Ԫ½ڳλ֮ȻҲôǿڽС֮ʱԾ˳۲һʵ


1171 Ӳ
ʮڴܣһ붼ͨսˮ׼һ֮Ƕˮ׼޵вεֻˣ̫ҲֻǼˮ׼ڴܡ
һڵʵһĿȻˡ
Ԫ½ߴ֮һŵʵԼսҲ޵ˮ׼ڴܡ
ԣͻڣԾݺԪ½ʵ͵Ҳȥá
ȻΪԪ½쵼ߣԪжʵԾͲҴˣϾеλͳλָʹǿߡ
һһͻڡ
Ȼȴǲ֪С緢˾䡣
ˣˣˣˣ
һ֮⣬һһϸųڵһۣǧ򣬲ɼ̫ϳյϸҲ˹ȥ
ô£
ͬʱһӰڷɳÿһڴܣߣ꣬𾪵ĿǰһĻǧƵϸһͨͨҡ

СһɳȻһɫⲻ飬ɵ֮ͬһ㣬һ򳽻ڵң·ʲôǡ
˻
ˣʮڴܣ̫ϳˡ
ǺȻôĶӰ˭г
Ϸոտһ״ͨЩج֮˽гϼӴ
ԣ϶ĸĵ򲻻ˡ
Ƣܻ
λϢŭ¿һڳ磬ԼҲ֪ʲôǻǵͻٽг١ʱһʶĿŮ·Ů˳ȻĽ¡
࣬֬ˣΪȻͻڣҴ۷壬ڽһơ
ˣ˵öԣ˵ɡʱһλĺΰ˳˵ղ̫һŵӽҶӦڳڴϣڴܣ޵֮һ
Ҷһ֣߶ɻ
Ҳֻ֪࣬һҶСӣһ˴ŵûƢڿŶ̧ͷˡòϵ˵
ԭˡ߻Ȼǳһһ˵ǺѾͷһ콾ﰡ
߳Īȡˣʲô콾Ľ΢΢ҡͷ˵֮󣬵֮꣬οħ壬ֻ֮УܹƵ콾ĿҲֻǸˡ
Ǹ޼乫ӵĳԣһ˵
˵Ϸһ֣һǰ̫ſռ棬ûһԵ˰ϸ˵
ô᣿ϣ᲻õļĽ³һ˵
ҲܡϵˣŲܹģǿСӰɣ֪ܷͻ
ôĻ˵ʵһֿͻ
ҿδأҲ˵ͻڲã˵̫ˡ
֪֮ζӸͻڣʵһξʧˣһҲԳɹ
šϵͷ
ʱԶȴһ֪
ˣ
ԵڣбԴг۷ױԴγһɹڵתγԪɢһֺ֮֮С
ˣ
Կͻˡ

ڣ԰ټƵϸڳܣʵʣͽһתͨë׽볽Ե壬Ƥ⡢Ѫ⡢֫ٺڵ֮Уʱһ֮г֡
֮ϸӿԵ壬ڽƻֺɽֹ
磬˷ϸӿɼʮ̫ϳϣÿһ϶¶֮ɫŮһĽµҲ¶˾ݣϣͻ𣿡
̫ˣ̫ˣϷͻʮʮ֮ࡣ
Ҷ
֮ͻҲûưɣֻⲻ֪˵Ǹǻ
̫ϳϾǶݣĿʵһۼڳڵʯϡ
֪˵
磬⻰ô˵ʵ
ҲѾɾˡϳ˵Ϸûв´ĻӦڳڣֻҪ̫ˣϷͻҲֻʮ֮һ
ʲô˻һɫ䡣
ǳͻڣôܣΪ𣿡
̫˼ˣֻǴ㲻ῴɣ
˵Ĳ޵Ȼ콾ɾҲҪôɣֻ⾿ô£
ڳÿһ߶ǻǧĴڣϳɾˣ΢һ룬͸оˡ
磬أϿϣ˵ѵһͻɾڣɡδҲ̫˼˰ɣ˵ѾͻסͻڣҲԣΪӦñǡ
˶ϣĽҲˡ
һ֣˵˴Ӳϸֶ޲˵̫ɡ
ǡһ߳С硣
ܿ죬̫ˣСһĻʱסˣٿϵˣæǰһ˵ϣô£ȻλȴϣҲϵ
һõӰ˵
Ҷ̫ʱ¶֮ɫң˵ͻȻŪƣ


1172 
˵Ҷͻǳڡһ˵
ʲô⡭ôܣҶΪ𣿴ϣûпɣˣ̫϶ţȴǴ˵ģȻţڴܣͬΪҲóοһڣ
ɹˣϿңһ˫۾籦ʯһ
ԣĿϡ
ˣ
ֻһȦƴĹⲨϯδյϸͬһ˷ۣһƬ̫ϳɫһ䣺ڣ
Ƕڴڣͻʱ̵Ķǧ꣬ͻɢϢ̾ͱǲˡ
ڣ̫֮ɫ˴ϸղ˵ĻΪҶǴͻƣһڣǸ콾ģɫһȣҶ˵ΪǱڣͽڴˡ
ˣ
ʮڴܵľʱ˳ڵϣʵһ¡
¶ˡ֮У˫ۣϲûͻںϲã¶һĨЦʰ죬˵ҲգǸǻǻ㲻վͻȥˡ
֨
һֻ֨ɫ̹Ȼ˳ҲнĽ£Ŀ䵽˴ϣҲܹвǰһԲĹ˵ԼλϣԼλϡ

һ̣Իָԭò
ԣ
һ𾪵Ľ£ɴĿһ˼ģ
ǳԣǸ޼乫ӣɨħһĳԣ
̫ϳɫԾĿųԣš
㾹Ȼǳԣıòôûзָ֣̫ԣ
˴仯˵
ʲô仯ʮɷ֮ͨеĴ仯
Ŵ仯ڱԴ˸û뵽һȻˡ
ɶ㾹һڣֱ޿ˡ
̫ϳ϶Ƕŭֻûдϵǻҳ֣סԣ·ӣңС磬ǿˣҲӲȥοֻΪ
ϸ߼Է·ûиоһһƽ
߼ңֻҪһһƽž޲򳽻˵
ԣڣסСͻڣΪ˸̫ۡ˵
¸ǰס棬ο±ʿ˵

󵨣
Сӣ𣿡
ϴŭŭӳԣʮڴסԣ־ǿ󣬵ҲЩԲæת⡣
ղ֮ʲô˼üͷһ˳Ի֮
ĽҲָƽĿ򳽻ԡ
ֻԪ½ڵ˵
ʲô˻һɫǴ䣬һ׷ŭںԣλеڶڣСӣͷ㻹ҺϷҪɱ㡣
̫ϳҲ¶ɱ⡣
ס֡ϰ˵ԣ㡭
ৣ
ϸճԣֻ԰һ৵һ£һϣλεĹֳǰڡ
ڽ
̫ϳϼһ㶣ʱŭҪɱԵŭ̫飬ôģȻ彣Сϣ㻹ֱ֪̫ʧˡ˵ţɱ¶Ŀųԣ˵Сӣ㾹彣
ôܣôͬڽ̫Ӵóһʽֵ̡ȵȾȻ볽еһģһоԼǧʱľȶûнһĶࡣ
⡭⡭̫еڣٿųеڣϣǷŭҲסˣ˵ڽôܣ
һģһġ
һģһڽÿһطһʽģ£Ϣǲģµģôܣ
ϣô£
ʮ̫ϳϣڴܼʧˣĿǰһĻĽȻе齣һΣٴμҲһԭΪɺϣڿôˡ
˶ϡ
ģѵؾȻġһ֣Բߣųе齣˵
½ǰһʵ
û˵Ҳǿ򳽻ԣԶ
½
һ̫ϳ϶ɻ󣬿ϣĽҲˣΪǸδ˵½֣Һ͵λû½ڣλϵ֪½ȷʵڡ
ǰԣ½
Ե
ʲô϶¶֮ɫš
֪λ˵ʲô½ǰѾΪ˷½㣬һʮǿҲ׾ٵ½ΪԵɺϣõһЩ뿪½
΢΢һЦ˵ڵĿҲܼ򵥣֪½ڵĹϵûڵһǴ½߳ġ
ȷʵˡӳԣ˵㾹Ȼܹһ½߳˾磬ǹһˣ޹ֺܹ޼乫ӵˣҲ˵һЩϷڴл
ϿˡЦ
²òԪ½ǷԴ½ڡ˵
ԣ϶ʱһ


1173 ʥ
ϣȻ飬ΪǶ֪̫龪
ʦֻ֪֮¡ϵˣԣ֪кδ㣿
ȷʵһҪѰʡԿң˵
ɢ˰ɣԣϷ˵

ϷСԽں
ʱһ¥ǰž¡
롣ϵ
롣Ե
˽¥沼һУֶ£ʵ֪Ҫʲô
֪λϿ֪ˡԵ
磿һۣҡͷ˵ҪҴˣ
ǰ½֮߳ģұҵ΢΢ʣȻλϲ֪´Ӧеλ档
ڳλҲеΪ˵Ϣϵ
лϡԹ˵
񣬱ڴ½ڣͬͬԴ²Ϊ֡˵ֻ½Σ
ԣԼ򵥵˵һ½
˵½Ѿʱ޶ˡϳ˵
ǵġԵ
Ŀǰʲô㣿˵ͻڣڣϷᴫȥݱܣΪ洫ӣ㿴Σ
ͻںǰеλ棬ڴڼȷʵûطȥ߶ˡʵʵ˵
ãԪ½ӣ嶼ͼսս±ϣܹһϺЦͷ˵
ǺǣСѾڣȻӦΪھһԵ
ãϷ򿴵ĳȻͻڣϷȴ̫⣬ͨ˽⣬ʵֱڴܰɡŰЦ
ñϻࡣԵ
ã¾ô˵ˡ϶˶٣˵齣㲻Ҫãע⡣
򵥡ȡ齣һĨͼ齣ģҲӰˡ
áͷһϷ򶼻ύ赣ģȥɡ
СӸˡԵ
󣬳ȥ˵磬Ӳڲ֪Ǹǻ
ǰϷϲԣʾһԵڣԤʾڴˣҲүڵһλᡣϱ˫Ŀͳ˵֪𣿡
֪Ȼܹ̫ſռ䣬һǧꡣ˵
ʮꡣϵ
ʱϺ϶¶Ƶ𾪣һŷڶ˵磬ûЦɣŶʮꣿ
ʮڣϾ
š˵˵ֻҪûѣɾʮ֮˾ŵ飬컯޿ܣܹᣬϣԪĿƣпеλ棬Ϊһ
⡭ԣ϶˵Ļסˣϸϸһ룬ȴúܣϾԵ츳̫ˡ

ȴ˵Գ¥ȥ
ԣ
ʱòƺΰ֮һ㡣
Ŀһɨ˫΢У˶ڣûв´ĻӦþڵʥˡ
£ɫݵʵѾоõ̫ϳȻûг֣ڰй۲ûϾҪݡ
㻹֪˵ݰɣҽ䶼Ƕڵʥӣס㣬Ϊһ飬齣Գһ֮ƣ·ﶼƿ֮У˹ȴһֲݾܾ֮⡣
ڽν½ڵԪ½ͲˣȻ齣Ҳ㣬˵
Ҫֻֿԡ䶼Ц˵
ɨһۣͻȻЦ
Цʲô˶ɫһʵ
Цǰ׳գҰ齣óѵҪй֮Ϊ𣿡ǹһ˿Ϸ֮ɫ˵
󵨣½ڣԪ½ڣڴܣƾһոͻڵСγܵҵĹݣɫһݣȵҿ̫ˡ
ߣȻԼѾ˵ˣΪҪ齣һĿ罣ɨˣ˵ס½ֻǵӶѣǻûʸ˵
ʲô
˻һ˾һ࣬ж¶ɱ
ӺֱĿˡ
˺úýѵһ°ɣΪǡ
˵ĲСӾҪúôѹһ£Լ齣
̫ϳ϶ڰй۲죬ʶ˳ԵĻŭ
ôû𣿡Ժȵ
ֱдҲʲôҪúýѵһ֪طʲôǡɫ˫Ŀ纮Ԩ⣬һ̤ռ䵴һɻƻۣ籩һ㡣
Ҳã½ڵ͸һѵ֪𾴶ֵĺ塣Ե
ɷҲŭһоζ챻ըˣ˫չ㣬죬৵һҷһ֮⣬̧ͷһƣ羪һ򳽻Ե塣
ô᲻ŭλϣ䶼˵
ߣСʵɶ񣬾ѵһ¡һ˵ζϣѾ֪ˡ
Ҳá䶼
ˣϣСֲҪ̫ݣ˿ɲϽ
ģѾˡ
СǱͻڣᣬѵһ£һ֪ﲻܹΪΪġ
һ̫ϳʶ۲ݡ


1174 ʥ
磬ֹһ𣿡¥֮Уʵ
ЦҲ֪ӵʵΣ
Ǹ콾Ѱ߱ȽϡϺЦ˵
ʣ
ΧһУԶ֪һЦ৵һ£һ罣һ㼤齣֣ն
ն
׹ǧ˿ƣ£սģа֮϶ն£һС綼·룬С쳣ļ̣Ҽа﷽ԲԳȶӰ졣
齣Ŀ磬е齣ȣ˫ų˵⣬ͺһ֮޹һ㣬糱ˮһӡϯնķ׽
ֻһ˲䣬Ҳжϳսﵽ˶ˮ׼
ߣ
һҲ塣
꣡
׽ն޾ӡ֮ϣʱһƬ۵֮֮ӿԵʮֿ¡
΢΢죬˵㻹ӣղʵûõҪóʵˡ
㻹óȫɣ㽫ûлᡣ˵
Բѡŭʥӣˮ׼ڴܣԾһߣȻҪóȫֱҪóԸۡ
һ˲䣬óʵҪǿƥĴѹԡ
޾ɱ
壬ۣ۶ɢγ磬ٶȴ⣬Ĳ˼飬˫ֽâ֯貶Ŀһ֮˺Ѷݺύ򳽻ԡ
޾

ԵٶҲͬһӭȥʱϴХͻȸ໽еžͼ׻ȸĴڳۣռķ齣Ϊģն
ն
ʲôһɫ΢䣬һȥۣһ˲䣬ǰ֮޽ɱ˷۴⡣
ʵ𣿡Ц
׵׵ŭˣһӸֳɫ޾âܣʵʣʮռ䶼˺ѣһڿڳǹ֣ǧƣÿһڶаɳޱȡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
һ֮УǧƵ֮ǹ̶һ£ǿƻ
֮ҲԣơһЦη޾壬־һ߶ǿޱȣɽԨ纣в౾Դ壬ֱΪǰˣƻĹ
ô᣿󾪵
ڰй۲Ҳɫݣ䶼ɫһ䣬ǶʵȻֻǶôܱһͻڵ˱ˣδ̫ˡ
أ
ƵĽĺˣ̧ſݵӣĿĶųԣһһ˵ܺãɹŭңҾҪ㸶ۣʮ
ʮóʮҲ赲ҵϡ˵

ɫݣ˫ֿտգӡâžһ⻡γɣ£ͷƤ飬üģȻһӡǣʮֵ졣
֮壬ǰ֮ѹһƴ£ʱɫ䣬ر仯ڳͷϿգ˺ѳһ磬ɼض·˺ѣŭҪͷԡ
֮ҲǰҫնơȻ޾壬ӭȥɫɫɫɫɫɫ⻡ۣбԴ߶Ρɽն˳ȥ
ۣۣۣۣ
նһϿոµȫɢǿƥĳ˳ȥصһը쿪
ʲôôܣʧ
ʮʵҲδ̫˰ɣʧԵ
㡭ãҡ߳ŭŭ죬˫ĿǸֳԣһ̤¾ͳȦ·֮٣磬£һϣ·ڵһ㡣

һȣ£ʱһƬ籩ͬһ򳽻ԣһһ籩߳۵糸һ򳽻ԡ
ȻǴҳԿûáһƽ罣߸Ծսģķ˴Ҳûãע㽫ҵϡ

һƣ׻ۣҪ֪ʮɷ֮ͨһҲޱȣһ۾ͿֻС۷ѣοԵĴѾޱȽӽɣܹ⣿
飡
һ಻ı֮Уһ޾类飬ѣܵĹֱӱ˺ѣһѪǰըصһ߷һ㵹˳ȥ
˻
һĻѾ䶼˶һ𺳵Ŀųԡ
ʥӣʸһλ֮ӣӵжˮ׼ڴܣȻһոͻڵ˴ˣǰܵ˵ĳס
㡭ۡڵϣͷųԣһѪʵͬʱ־塣
ߣǼڵӣҽվͽնɱڴˡԺһ˵
ŭ
ôҲ𣿡Ե
ৣৣৣ
ʱʮӰҷһ̫ϳϣһ˵ԣԣֲ̧Ҫƽϡ
ǰ̫ϳ϶ͷһ̣Ҳˣ⳽ȻֻǸͻڣʵǿ쳣£ˮ׼Դܣôٶӵмˮ׼ս


1175 
һ룬ǶǴ󾪣ʵǽϵĴڰܹģο϶ѾˣҲ̫ﳽԡ
ţȻһƽϣʲôݣʲôݣԵͷ˵
㡭ŭ̾ͱ̫ϳϼȥ̫ϳ϶Цͷ
䶼˼ˣҲ˵һۣȥˡ

ʱ̫ǰ˵ԣλѾˣҳȥɡ
áԵͷ仯ʩչ»ˡҶģ
롣̫˿ԳҲڲļˣȻڴܣȴ˵ʵӦ൱ʵΪˣο½λһ㡣
ৣ
뿪С硣
Ӳܹ޼乫ӵĴڣͻھʵͻڣʵжǿ֮µһˡ
ǰӣȻûоȫܹҲλˡ
ڼӽڣҲΪһ
̫ϳ۷׷ףס˳ԡ

˵ԳС磬̫İ£һٳΪ洫ӣڣһʱ䣬ԳΪڷͷʢˡ
֮󣬳Ҳ׵ơƽ˳ġ
ȹ̾磬ͨչˡ
һսҲжϳԼĴʵˮ׼ôʹֻĻ޵ڴܲǲһսֻͨǳĵƣö

һǧ
ڴڼ䣬ҲʵȺﵽڣϻõΪȶڣֻǷֻڣҪͻĻҪУΪ˷ѡ
⣬ڵϢ
Ԫ½ȻԪΪߴţ̻ᶼⲢ壬Ԫ½壬ÿǧ꣬嶼һΣӶԴһҲ⡣
ҲҵĻᡣ֪󣬰㣬η֮档
һ죬̫óǰ
ڣϰ洫Ӽüһãұߣʮұߣ̫Ϸ̫ϳϣһ˺Ȼϣ֣΢Цͺһշ
ҶμλϡԹһ
ҶҸλ°ɡ̫˵
֮½½гϡ洫ӽ
һյ̫˵λټǰԭλѾ֪˰ɣӺУɱ׹Ǵɱ¾Ϊߴ֮һȻҪ׳һ
֮϶Ե
ãڳϣ洫̫ɫȻһϣһ洫߳ǰĵطֵ壬Ľ£ҶءԳгϡϳϡ賤ǰľݳǵֵɳ
ǡ
ԳСϡλ϶ڵΪҶʮ洫ҲΪ
Ľʦ㾹ȻǷһ̫ˡ
˵ĽʦСڱչسڣ֪ͻûС
϶Ѿͻˡ
洫ӼĽվǾϲ֣ΪĽ֮Ů֮ƣ洫ӵˣмλʥӶаĽ֮ģļ˾ͲҪˣܹڼߣҲһ¡
ˣҲ΢΢죬Ľһۣ˼
ܿ죬һ뿪
ʮ𣿡
ŵӣŵӣİɣ⣬Ķĳϴ죬һڿľǵֵ塣
赲Ȼ֣ܹնɱֻȥ壬һĲҲ㹻ˡ
ؽǺٳģҲֻһЩͼ壬ҲֻʱڲŻָߵȼܣһλᰡ
洫ӵۡ
ҶĽǰ
ϲ㡣Ե
ĳЩ˿ɲԶˡĽЦ
ǺǡЦ
ߡ洫Ӽˣһǰûз
һ˾˳ĵطû뵽׵ƺƽȻҲС
ʦ֡׵ƺƽ˼Զʮָˡ
ҲҪȥľǣʵ
š׵ƺƽ˶ͷ˵Ǻãһ໥иչˡ
Ҷ˶ʦֵġ׵ƺƽ˵
ߣһ½ŵҲĿŵɣֱд
֪֮ˣͻԼʲôˣҪ屻ŵ
ˣǾͲҪһʶˡ
洫ߣ򳽻ԵĿⶼ˳ԡ
׵ƺƽԶŭ
ֻѣƽϡ԰˰֣洫ӣ˵˼ǻԸɡ
㡭洫ӴŭʱĽǰ˵Ҷ˵Ĳڼǻʱ伷Լˣֱǲ֪ν˼ǳôɱĶ֪
ǣĽʦ㡣洫ӷߺ޵Ŀ˳һۣӦ
Ϸ򰲾Գгɨһۣ˵Ϸϣٴοͬ
ǡӦ
Ľʦ롣׵ƺƽ˿ųߵһʥĽ£ǳһ򳽻ԣ¶֮ɫ󹧾˵
šĽһ죬΢΢ͷ
ˣҡҡͷ
ˣ
Ե˺ܿʧڡ


1176 ľݳ
ľǣ
ߴɵĳǽһԭҰϵĻһ㣬ᡢԵȻϢǽϣǹ֣ݣֱ񷣬ɢһη޾ս⣬һͦ
һɭϣǹĳǳȴ⵽޾幥ò׺Ŀ飬˻𣬳˷ɱ¾Ϣ
һѪս
ÿһ̣ÿһ˲ǧƵ䣬ǽ·Ѫɺӣʬɽ
ͬڿľķ
ڿľ֮⣬һ׳ĺɫɽϣվʮƺƴ࣬иɫˣò죬һ޶һⶼܣĴڡ
վǰƲ̬ӣ
ʮվڶ̬һƬ磬г羴֮ɫΪ˾ߴʥ֮ľͷħʥʥǻʥʥʥڤʥʥ
ͷħʥԾͷ壬ʥ壬˷ľǣ쵼

ʱһɫԿľǷһڼ׵彫죬ǰϥأݵλʥаǾͿԹƿľˡ
ãߴﲼƿľǣҼ۵һͷħʥ
ǡڼ׽ݵ
ãϷ壬񱱷Ϸ˵ؽһǳأֻҪǹƿľǣ֮ضȫʤͷħʥЦ
һǶ˿ɲ˺󣬴¿ľǣҲýлһ￴ʵʥ˵
šͷħʥͷһӣ˵ߣ
ৣৣৣৣ
һ˲䣬ͷħʥʥʮܱƽľǣΪƿľǵһݡ

ֻľǸߴĳǽȾѪɫһѪۣޱȣͬŵһ㣬ÿһʾһţŵǿĵֿһδιϳǽ塣
죬죬ʬҰһĽһصĵһڿǹâһ޵Ѫһ߾ߵʬ壬ճ˿ľпһĻ
䣡
һ춯صı죬༸ǧĿľϷͬһˡ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
һ̣԰Ƶɫ䣬ֻ޾ħͬˮһǽҽѪ죬ʬѣҲ̶á
ɣ
ľǵﲼһȣݺϯľǣеѪɫһӣʹ
ۣ
һ£ֱɱ˷ؿľǵҪ쵼ˣһڣսﵽĴڡ

ǣһͬըһҽһƬﲼٺЦ˵ͳͳɱ⣡еĲƸŮˡ
ǣ
ڻźһ׮׮Ĳ·ˡ
ľˣ
ҲڴʱԵ˳ﵽ˳ͬʱִĻĶˡ
á
ԳгԼĶɫ䡣
ˡ
ڣԳϣڸô죿
˰ɡ
һĻڵһ洫Ӷɫ䣬̫ˣĶĳϡҲòȥ
ԳгǰһĻʱɡ
ԳϡϣѾˡľǸӭڵĸǰ˵һǷ֮ɫѾˣͷ󽫴ﲼɱġ
ˣٴɫ䣬
ߡʱĶĳɫѿ˵̫ˣһȥҲ޼£ҸоǿڣٶǼڴܡ
ԣԵɫһ䣬û뵽Ķ˸Ҫˣû˷ĻǰǼڴܣɱɱˣλĶϻ˵ˣ޵ڴܶпܡ
ʲôϣɲ뿪һһߣľǿɾȫˣҪǣ˿̺󷽵ĳǳط޽δɣһľݣͻεֵס
ܻɫ
ϣǱס壬ú󷽰ѷ޽áԳг˳һȻ˵ҲǲľǵĿ֮һ
ϳɣԳгϼȰ˵˵ﲼ׼ɱ飬˿̿ľǵδȫ룬ѹƣȫһǱʱ䣬ô˳ȥ
˵ﲼʵǳ£ǿµֵסɫѿ˵
ڳԮﲼˡԳг˵ǱĶλ
˼سϡվ˵
áһҧͷ˵Ҫ콫ϢݳȥҵǼֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
ֻҪֵ󷽽޽þͿˡ˵
ȫ峤ϵӸߡԳгϴһǶȥԵ˽ں󣬶ĶǰǱسϡ
ɱɱɱɱ
ϣ죬ɱ¾ʬһ߾ߣѪһֻֻӳͬ߳Ķħһ
һȺɱ
Գгһŭεɱֻһɱǧ塣
ۣ
ԵҲɣɱ
ÿһŵӣ洫ӣȺ֮С
ǰô£
ں󷽵󽫴ﲼһߺڼףڳɢŨŨһ˫ɺɫͫɢĹ⣬ȶɫ˵ڣܺãͳͳҪҴﲼϣ
䣡
ﲼѪɫݶһƬ磬Ρɽ֮һħ¡
ﲼϡϣ󡣡Գгϵһʱܵ˴ﲼϮ΢΢һ䣬

賤Ϻϳ϶ԣû˿ĳɣԳгϻǣΣһ壬һɿȼڴܵϢ¡һ˴߶һ쳽ﲼ


1177 ս
󣿺ܺãҴﲼҪɱǣ֪ﲼӶѪɫꪣ䣬ľ飬ɢɱŨҵʵһ㣬µ˼㡣
䣡䣡䣡
ɲ֮䣬һ㣬Գ˾ﲼײһ𣬶ʱɹԣˣݡ
ԳڴܣϺͷȻڣ˵ûпɴﲼһսĿܣ˲󷨣ʼǡܹﲼһս
ԣﲼܴռֺıˣ뽩ֵľ档
սһ
ܵľȴΪڵĵֹסˣЩԭ׼ߵ߷׷ͣ£뷴С
ɱɱɱɱ
˿̣ÿһߵԺֻһ֣ɱɱǰÿһ塣
ܾȻȶסˣȴ˽֮С
ã
ʱɫһ䣬оһɹǿϢƽɸǿ̫ϴͬһĴڣ޵ڴܣɫòԿԳﲼսţĿ
ۣ
֮ȫһɱ
ɱ
ܷ˳ԣ׷׳Ҫɱ
ۣ
һֻһڴܾͱɱ
ৣ
ܴ󾪣׵ƵҲǳһгֻΪû뵽ȴһɱͬߣʲôʵȻǻδоͼһֲ˼ٶȱƽﲼ
ͬʱҲɢһ޼᲻ݵĽ
ڣ
ʮڴܿųԣʱɫ䣬˭û뵽ֻΪСӾȻڴܣ
ƽﲼʱǾһЦȻﲼǼڴܣɱⲻ
ţ֪ӣ
Գ˴ս뽩ֵĴﲼҲо˳ǳģЦ顣
ҶˣԳгϴ
賤Ϻϳ϶˶ɫ䡣
ˣ
һ˲䣬һǿƥĽ־ԳɢһϿֶ£һɫԵĽֱնأ·һضֻʣһһ
ʲô
һ̣ԭǱĴﲼͻȻɫ䣬û뵽ǰСȻǿһǰδеΣУǵ罣Ӱﲼð亹
޵ڴܣպĴ󽫣һһꪻԳ˵Ĺס򳽻ԡ
ˣ
ɾһ̣һɴͷµ𣬱䣬ﲼɫ䣬𣺡ã
ֻѾˣѾһʩչ˴ħ
飬ϲŭ塢ɫòϸӿ˴ﲼľ磬ݣʹҽУѪпĻں棬ħ
޷ħˣ΢ϣɣһ޴ĻĺӰ˴ﲼľ磬ջӿ飬ﲼݣ޷ħǰ
ۣ
ֻﲼǿ̻һſһģĺӰڳǰ
޷죿
Դ󾪣û뵽һγֵħ޷ħ
ڣСӣħ޷ԣһֹЦһ£ɢˡ
ﲼˣﲼˡʮһĻʱȻһƬš־塢嵨Ӻˡ
ʲôͬʱһȴˣԳгϡ賤ϡϳϡ׵ơƽǵȵȣˣǶŵĿǵӰɱ˴ﲼɱĴܡ
ϳȥ
Ŀһɨ｣𣬳̳ȥ
ɱ
һ߷Ӧ׷״𣬳ȥ
ԳһۣûѰʣɱ
ۣ
ﲼʧȥĹǣʱɽһ㣬һ˽£ʧȥ̤߲䣬ǰһ̣ͬˮһӿȴ糱һȥ
ʲô
ľǶľͷħʥʥݶ˵ʱɫһ䣬ﲼˡʥ˵Ԯˣ
ûиоߴϢͷħʥ˵
Σܹɱﲼһߴ֮һ̫ϳϡھͷħʥʥΪһЩ˵ǰȥ
ڣ̻ᣬʵﵽ޵вεڴһʮЩҶֻ֪֪ɱﲼĸһͷħʥһ˵ߣҶڴˣֻҪɿľǱȡ
šʥͷ˵ǻСһЩϾƻ
ߡͷħʥ
䣡
ͬʱʮϳǣһ߾ʬͬһɸߵĳǽϵҽһƬ
¿󣡡
һ³ǽԳгϾʹ
ˣʯѾľˡһ彫ǰ˵
λڴΣ֮ʱ彫Ҫ⵽֮ʣλ׳Լһóʯ¿󣬷ĻٴѹǵֵסģλʥѾʥϣλЭ
Գ˵ǣλģս󣬱ԻὫλĹͻ㱨ȥսλȻɱ壬õҲλ
ϣԭóʮƷʯ˵
ҲԸóʮƷʯս˵
ʮ򡣡ǽ˵
ҳʮ򡣡
ҳһ򣡡
ãɱһݣҳ򡣡


1178 ս
ڵӺͽĴͷãһ߶óʯóһƷʯ
áԳ˼ο
󷨣ҪƷʯУʯľ޷˶һݣһͳＯǧƷʯѾ㹻ˡ
ˣ
ԳгϽʯͶ֮Уһٴο
ˡ
ˣԳг˶һԵֺγǣ
ҶζˡԳгϿ򳽻ԣЦ˵ֻϷû뵽㾹ȻѾˡ
ǰϳϺͷ賤ϵ˶ͷ
ҶӦְ𡣡Ե
ţһԽĹͻ㱨ȥġԳг˵
ˣ˶ĽĿ򳽻ԣϳϺͷ賤϶Ҳ⣬ûһ㼵ʣΪڴܣɱ˴ﲼʵѾԽǣ˵ݣѾҶԳ˿Ĳ
ĽĿųԣǹһ˿ǳЦ
ˡ
ʱһ
ߡ
ܿ죬Գг˺ͳԵ˵ϳǽ
ɵĳǽߴ׳վ棬ʣһһ򵱹Īĸо
ʱѾǧ
ֻ彫һʿǰ˶ڴڣһսףĿֿĿ¶׹⣬һսͬһһĸо
ǽϵͷħʥʥѾ򿪳Ͷͽȫͷءһȵ
ȻǾͷħʥʥ
찡ʥȻλ̻ô򣿡
ľǹزסˡ
һ⻰˶һŭ󲿷ԭؿľǵĽʿɫһ䣬¶˵֮ɫԳг˶΢΢ɫ䣬ü˵Ȼˣ
ԳϣȻ̣ԾͷħʥʥʵǺѵסǰ賤ü˵
û뵽ˡҲһص˵ƾǵʵҪסľ̫ˣǱ֧Ԯ
Գгüͷ˵ߴʥԳˣҪؽ磬㱨źţҲٵͬ
šϳϺͷ賤϶˶ͷǶ֪ԽԽˡ
ߴʥ޵ڴܣǵʵȴѾޱȽӽǿȻҲ𣬵ܹʥһսҲֻдһˣͷħʥʥ˿ľǣô϶Ҳʥ
˵ɲһϢ
ʮҲûн壬ʥĴȴûг֣һλʥ֣Ԫ½ĹϵҲͬˮ𣬲ˣҲΪԳгҪٽϢš
˿̣ҲһأԳλϵʵԵֵڴܣԵֵ޵ڴܣο𣬶һе֮
ߣǲ᲻ս԰ܵģҪսսԳгվǰȥһ˵
ڵˣһʵ
Գг˵
ܺã֪һλڳУλʥ٣һ󽫺Ц˵
ԳгԶˣΪû̷ԭΪˣҲֲǣﲼǼڴܣ֮ͬеٮٮߣܹɱģ޵ڴ˭
ͬʱ׵ƵҲˡ
ˣԶǿЦ
ڵĳͼģԳгϽƾͼƵ
ߣôĵʱһɺѹѹϿϯһ𣬺ڰֻͷħʥʥݶͬԼҺ԰ɢһ㡣
μͷħʥʥһ彫;ʿ
û޵ڴܵϢҲϵӰѵǲ´ˣʥڣ綴ߣɴ⣬ǽվŵԳеˣüԾͷħʥ˵
Ա֪ͷħʥһ̤ռ𶯣ֱӳһĽӡͺһһ㣬һ˵˵˭ɱ˴ﲼ˭ҾͷħʥҪѪծѪ
ͷħʥϻ˵е͹ǰɡԳг˵
󵨡ͷħʥɫһ䣬ץ֣ʱһգֻһֻǧɵצϿץľǳͷ
áԳг˶ɫһ䡣
أ
һ춯صĴ֮צ䵽Ͽգ־𶯣͵ֿռ䲨ƣ·Ҫķѿһ

Գгɫһ䣬һʩչͨͷħʥϡӡʿҲչ
ߣ֮ҲԣֱԲͷħʥһģīһĳ裬ɢһа֮ȵҲֵסҾͷħʥƣ
ˣ
δ䣬ʵһ㣬֮һһĺ֮Уһǧɳĺɫǹǰɢƴа񡢲бϢͷħʥʱ𣺡ͷ֮ǹɱ

糤繭Х𣬺ɫǹһ㶴ֱӴ֡
ס
Գг˴𣬴ӹ̷󷨣׵ƺһɳҲûţͷħʥͬʱҲûʩչ˲ྫ֮նͷħʥľ磬ʺ;˫عԲŲشͷħʥ
۵ף֮ͷħʥ޵ڴܣʵǿᣬҲʮǿ̾͸Ӧ˳ԵĲྫֻ֮ûиоһԣ谭ྫ֮¡


1179 Ź֮С
ˣ
һѪľϣྫ֮۵һ㻯Ϊޡ
ʲô
оˣɫһ䡣
㣬Сӣͷħʥ̾ͷ˳ԣЦһ˵ãʥСˣҶԱʥ־ͱ˵գһӣ˵ǣ
ǣ
һ£ʱʮٴαƽ

ÿһһȣޱȣʷ
ɱ
ֻʥĶʮڴܶɱչ˾ɱÿһǿޱȣƻʮ㣬䣬𶯣ԭ貵Ĺâ
Ҽס
Գгϴÿһϡӡ߶ӹ̷󷨣ֵĽ

ʱһֱδֵʥͷħʥվݣһֱȨζĿ磬ɨһ˫ɫͫɢĹâ˵ҪǶԳ֣ʱڹʱһߴŻǰԮ
áͷħʥһĿһ䵽˳ϣ˵СҪɱ
ְɣʥ
ˣˣ
һ˲䣬ͷħʥʥ˵Ͼӿ˰磬ɲļµĸоޱڣ𣬾ͬһֺɫ̫Ƚ𣬳˳ǽϿգһƷ֡
ã
ˣԳг˶ɫ䣬ɫҲÿ
ô죿
Ľ¡׵ƺƽ˶ѿĿųԡ
һƣҪСġ˵
š˶ͷ
أ
һ죬ֻˮͰֵԾͷħʥʥдɨķһ㣬䣡䣬˷ϣʱ죬ҡΣ𿦿
ס
Գг˶ɫ䣬󺰣֮Уֻ޸
ߣ
ͷħʥʥ˼ˣɫһǶ˶ʥǵݺ͵λԼʵ֣Ȼδܹһֱ֣ܴ裬һٴҵһ
ɣ
һϿմ£ͬһ㣬κ˶ΥͷħʥʥЯͻԵ
䣡
䣡
䣡
˷ϣʱ಻죬ս֮ʱâ£һһ𲻶
ãˣ
Գг˼˶ɫ䣬ȣα˳ȥ

һܵĴУٴ飬صһըѿķѣನϯ£أʱֻƵߵֱӻ𣬻ΪһѪҽûü

ԵΪ˵ļʱӵ
ɱ
һɱ֮Уʮٴγϳǽû
ߡ
ԶĽ˴ʱһɼΣյĸоͷ𣬻ͷһֻͷħһϿնγǿƣ˵Сӣܣ
Ҷ
Ľɫ䣬ǾͷħʥɢϢȣĺˡ
ߡ
ǺԥԴһӣһƬϯĽ˱˳ȥ齣һն죬¶ӭȥ
۵ͷħʥޱ飬˫Ŀ飬̧ͷһ£һϣӡڵѹ£һ㣬һԱ˳ȥͷħʥ˵Сӣ㻹ӣ˵ﲼǲɱġ
һƷ󣬾ͷħʥûзνϣоͻɴﲼ֮һ볽Խ֣ʱһֻΪսȻ˿ڼڴܡ
ֱһŹ֮Сӣ

˳ɣԲסΣֱӾͷħʥ˵бȡɣ
ãܺãʥѾܾûмһ֪Сˣվȡ֪Աʥ³ͷħʥޱĵͷ˫͵ؿأɢһɼļµϢ
ž
һ죬һһ˳ì˾ͷħʥ˫֮䣬ìɳ۴֣ͨɺ죬·ȾѪһһھͷħʥϣɢһȵѪ֮Ϣ
ۣ
һ˲䣬ͷħʥ˫һץסѪɫì룬͵һ´̳׵磬ٶѸ졣
ʱһѪ֮ϯ
ʣʣʣʣ
վ֮䣬һܣУ齣ֱָͷħʥˮѤãͷƤĽ֮绢Хʨʡ
ৣ
ط·һﻯΪ磬һнޣûκδʻһ·𳽻һ
ˣͷħʥ΢΢ɫ䣺ǡ
һ
ԽڳԵľ磬سһֻһ
ߣ
ͷħʥһɱ¶˫ĿѪֱһֱһѪ֮򣬶߶죬ѪɫìԴȪɢϢΪ£Զѣš
ۣ
һѪֻһ죬ͼһӰ˳ȥǳԣļ򴦣Ѫ죬Ѫʡ
ֻһھͷħʥˡ
޵ڴܵʵ
ΪͻڣԵս൱ڼڣȻڶˮ׼޵ڴ֮Ĳ࣬ҲܹýܹܲģοͷħʥźպʥʵǶĴڡ
ԣһ˳Բ⣬ͷħʥ¶֮ɫų˵ֵСӣʾȻ֮ǿܹҾͷħʥһǹҲ԰ˡ


1180 սͷħʥ
ɣ
߶ڵĲ౾Դ壬Ŀƣ罣Ϣ罣˿һľ񽣡
ˣ
һʣֻһƵĽӳγа֣֮ޱȵľͷħʥ
һǹͷħʥȻǶʥһǹȻ̲һڵСӣ˳ȥ󶪣ΪλʥЦڵڶǹɱԡ
ˣˣˣ
ھͷħʥγɱ磬߶Ѫ֮ɱ¾֮Ĵڹｻ֯У磬ǧ
͵һȣͷħʥ߾ѪɫìѪ֮ɱ¾֮ںϣΰһݣֻһѪɫǳǺһ򳽻ԡ
Ѫɱ̣
ͷħʥХ˻ɭǳֱ͵һӶеѪɫì籦ʯìֱ̳ѣһìںȻ·һ
һʮֿ£һһì£Ǳ˺ѳɷ۴⣬Ҳҽһ޵ڴԣҪСĽ
ն
ն
ն
ڴΣͷԺԥһʩչɱУޱһδٽǵصѪɫͽɱûˣϢɫ䡣

ԥˣϵĶ˿־Ԫռ䣬ʩչ˲նֻۣûмֶ೤ʱ䣬һʱͱˡ
һʱڳڴ˵Ѿ̫ˡ
һʱ˾ʩչ˴
¡
춼һһ޴ĺɫն˳Ͽգ޾ϯѪɫ磬羨̺ˮһ㡣

ͷħʥ΢΢Ծ˵Сӣʵ̫ʥˣɵֵһǹ⣬ĴǱʥˡ
ݣ
˵֮䣬ͷħʥԽƽԡ
ȴɫȻʩչ͵貹ţһɳ˹⣬ɢɱɭȻϢʱȥͷħʥһìҲڼ
ʲôͨͷħʥɫһ䣬һ𾪣ԭΪֻǶԸһͨͨСһìʹˣû뵽Ԥϣڸʩչļµͨ
˫ĿѪɫʯĿۣʵʣ˺£ԣʧʥǴʥɶС㾹Ȼʥѵйϵɣ
Ϊʥ֪޾͵һֵ½ֽ죬ǸˣɮˣΪԶľǴɮ˵֮ͨһǴʥΪǴͨʮֿ¡
ԣǳԾڴɵ³йϵϾλ涼֪ɮǵһˣһŽޱȣһ˳£½ɮ˶
дͨɮΪ٣ɲһʥԿġ
ֻǣû˵
ʹʥͨӻ˾ͷħʥһ
Ļᡣ
ˣ
һʩչ깥Ϣ֪һ˲ͽ˾ͷħʥľ磬ֱ꣬ʱɫ䣺á
¡
ľ·Ҫһ㣬˻ߣ·˻Ƥһ㣬ɭȻ˵㡣
ɶСӣҪɱ㡣ͷħʥ޵ڴܣʥպĴͨߣӲѹסʹҧ⣬ھѪصһԵĴӲ赲ľ֮⡣
ʲô
ɫ䣬ҪٴѾˣΪͷħʥಮ٣ûѹƵľܹʩչһΪʹʥ˶Էע⣬䲻֮²ųɹġ
ͷħʥ޷ͻƣֻӲһǹˡ
ͷħʥҲûʧ궼⵽Ӱ죬һھѪſסѾǷǳصˣʥ޵ڴܣҪֲھѪʧҲһʱָܹġ
ֻǣͷħʥϾʥֻ꣬һҪǿڴܵĴڡ
ԣҪֵסһǹҲǼļѡ
ʯ鲻壡
һ˲Դ߶һںʯ֮治߱ԣǲļӳ֣õôķﵽһԸӵľء
һ߶ԵųʹԣʯʯԵʮء
ˣ
һɺƴϢɢԵǣʮ׸ߣ貣ͬһսе齣趯ˢˢˢˢһ˲䣬һϾʩչ˳ĵơ
Ǵֻ
һʽͨʱ䣬Ҳͬһ㴥žʩչʱһĪصֻ
ͬһ괺ﶬļꡢꡢ׳꣬һһֻء
֮£ͷħʥ̷·𿴼Լһӳ໴ɱ¾߳ǿΪԪ½պʥһ״ǰһɱ
ǳԣ
ͷħʥֻ·ֻ֮Уɱޱߵҽȥ
ˣ
ʱܵӰ죬еѪɫìɺݺݵĴ򳽻ԡ
ɱ
ؼᣬͬһƶٶȷɿ죬ռ䶼˿ռ䲨ƣ·Ҫһ㣬һޱȣ˼㣬·񹤣컯ħ
һعȻݻ˳һĽ
һ豹棬ң컯أΰǷ
һǽݻ


1181 ˼
ۣ
޾ϯѪɫ֮һ£ɢޱȵĿǴĳì
ʱͷħʥܵ˴ֻӰ죬飬־󽵵ֻֿͣӸֳ˲԰ף˫ĿѪһͷѪްͷ裬ǳħ
ͷħʥƿĿˣһִͷ䵽ŵĸо

ʱѾ˹齣Ѫ޵ĳìԴһϣսĴ죬һ貵˼µĹӿһԵѪɫì
ֻһ죬ͼһѪ𣬵Եûһ̵ͣһƽ˾ͷħʥ
ۣ
ʱͷħʥңʹҽУϾֻʮͨĵĴڣͨο֮ǰͷħʥھѪһìƽ⣬궯ҡ

һ̣ͷħʥŽߵСһθоϢ
ŭ˻޷˿̵顣
أ
һ춯أľǶıֻԺ;ͷħʥ˵ײһһѪȾԲǧɵգͬһɾĺ˲䱻ȾѪɫ
ͷħʥˡ
һĻ彫ʥע⣬һһֻڵСӾȻͷħʥƵһ
˼飡
˿̣е𾪶ҵˡ

ʥһƻȥأԳг˵ʱƣѪ磬ɳ
ʥδһٻɱˣǼӹ
ߴ֮Уͷһϵãǽ˹ϵȻʥͷħʥĹϵҲѣΪѣͷħʥʲô⣬ͷеλͣһҲ΢
νݺȾͷħʥ
ǵصѪ˷ϯȥһƬѪɫһƬѪӰɳǳԺ;ͷħʥ
أ
ֻѾľ˳Եصĵɳȥ߷һ㣬ֱײһ¥Ѫ磬ͷħʥҲòȥصһǽϵһ¥ײķѣ֧飬һѪ
ͷ
ʥʧɫͷħʥһɽҲǰͷħʥ
ͷħʥ
һ彫˶ɫ䣬ֲѣ򳽻ԶĿ¶ɱ׷״𣺡ɱ
Сӣ
ΪŭȻʥҲȳ֣һץ򳽻ԣָ綾Һһ㣬ɫɣҪ˺ĩ
ѵҳԽҪ𣿡ڳ֮Уã˵һָûˣһһ̣뵽࣬뵽Լڣ뵽Լ뵽˶͵ص壬ս졣
գһжˡ
Ҷ
Գг˺Ľ¡׵Ƶ˶˻
ɡ
ʥһٺЦ
¡
ڳܳ糱ˮһ㽣ʱ򣬿ľǶ֮⣬ͻأһճһռѷ죬Ӱһ£ƮƮһɷǵζ
ǣһ⣬϶ɢͬɽХһϢ
ң
һλߵȣһ£ƻٶȿ쵽˼㣬籼ףѸصһʥץϣֵ֮˳ȥʥɫһ䣺ϣߣ
ûκεԥʥ˵ľͷħʥͳľǣһʧ
彫ˣæ˳ȥ

ˣǺȻϣֵǴϡ
硭ϺϿʥȥвʣҪ׷
ˣȾСһɡϰ˵
áϺһ֮еĳԣ϶¶˾֮ɫ⡭Ľ־ȻǿңҿͻƵĽףҲﵽף
Сӣˡ΢΢ף¶֮ɫ
һгԶ֪Ѿ˻֮У֪־ھͷħʥѹ֮ͻˡ
μλϡ
ʱԳ˺Ľµ˶׵ƺƽ˼֮УæʵλϣҶʦôˣ
û£ֻأȰ̧سɡ˵
ܿ죬׵ƶ˷𳽻Իس
ӵƾȻлָϿڴϵĳԣ΢
˼顣̾
Լ࣬С׾ԣ֮⣬мȴǷֱ治˵
磬ҲˣϺϾ
š׵ͷ˵ֻڵ̫⣬ȲҲȻҲ
԰ڵȻܹлָƣʵų˵
ѵǴ˵еϺȻ˵ҡͷ˵ⲻܣλ磬Ҷû˵˭еλҲǺοСǴһû½ġ
еϺ΢΢ʣǵͷ˵ҲǲģǲΪ
ǵõԵˣǻúϢɡϻ˵ڻôԸɡ
ܿ죬Ͼ᷿߳
ԸоԼޱߺڰ֮УԼ飬궼ˡ
ڰ޾ڰûԣˮһ㣬ʹ
Ҳ֪ȥã·ֻʣһˡ


1182 
ˣˣ
ʱһɫâ޾ڰ֮Уڰһһ𣬳ԴӺڰ߳·ָоʮֵ
оˣ·Լ棬һ㡣
ǲĸо

ˣ
һԾ͸оԼĽ־ͻƵĽס
ˣ
һ̣ʾͻƵס
оԼԡ֮ȪУ˵ľҲ۷壬ֻһͿ̤ˡ
ã
ͷ̾һ֪ⶼͷħʥսģڶԷѹ֮£Ǳܱ˳ڼ֮ͻƣɾڵԼΪĽ֮··
֪˺棬󾳽磬Ҫ־ʮѵģÿһǵһͬݡ
һжΪ־ʾߵ֮·ĳɾ͸ߵ͡
˵ߴźͼ̻дڵ޵ڴܣߴʥһ磬еͣǧ꣬δٽһﵽǿߣҲͻ̶Ϊǵ־ûдﵽһߵĲΡ
ͱϣҲ޵ڴܣǵ־ʶȲϴ˿̵ĳԣΪϵ־ҲֻǴﵽ׵ˮ׼
ҲϾ̾Ľ׽־ʵĳԾȵԭ
ŵ˵˿̵ĳѾӵ˰벽ʸ벽ǽĽʣΪֻʶﵽĽףӵжٵĻᣬһжȻ
һУʮֿţʵˡ
˵̫ˡ
ָʶȴԼãһͷЦ
һ˵̫ˣ˵صһΣзϣ顢궼ܵӰ죬޷˼룬һͷʹѣ˺ѷΰʹࡣ
ҪϢ
һΣԾԼҪϢˡ

ڴʱȴǷ˾춯صĴ£ľסˣϷͱûסĽʥǰߴźͼ̻ܴ֯ĻǧѪɺӣʬǳɽ
ߴţ̻ᶼû뵽ġ
ʵ̫ǿˡ
֮⣬еõӰһһųϱɱںѾûųϵˣϢ˲ֹ˵õĴɱˣŶʧء
ʱ䣬Ҳôɱڣڳϡɲνʧء
һҹ֮䣬Ԫ½ǷƮҡ᧿Σ
ѣߴԪԮϾԪ½еλ磬Ԫ½
ͬʱɨҶ֮ϯԪ½Ϳ߲̿ڼƣ֮ûһڣΪ壬ֻһɱɱɱ
һеԴᣬ崦ڷƮҡ֮С
ߴźͼ̻ᶼʵֱһѾ¶ҪϺݺһѪ
ľǣ
ϵĵڶ죬ѾΧһֻ񶼷ɲȥ
ڴߴŻͨϢ
ϧһجĴλʥ֮еĻʥʥڤʥΧľǺ󷽳ǳأһ֮ھͱƣռôҪڲľǣ֮£ֻܻȥڵĴ
ʧȥ˴޷ŴϢΧĿľ˲Ϊһ³ǡ
ֻŽ˿ľǣͬһ㴫ÿһϣ̻̲ա
ڣһƬա
Ϸü·һɳϣ洫ӣľǸһɽ춼һ֮ɫһֶ˵
ŵ˼㣬ֻ˵ĺ
λϣǱ˳ȥϵšԭѾȥĿ˵
Ѿɳʮ˳ȥˣһⶼʧȥϢԳгü
ô죿ЩƵ
һ£鵽һǴԸ⿴ģ֮ǰѾϢԪѾõϢľڳΪһ³ǣȷʵԴеȴԪԮ
ɫƽĿ⵭Ȼɨһۣ˵ֻ֮ΧһΪ˴ǵ־ڶΪ˵Ⱦͷħʥƻָ˵һͷħʥƸԭضǣԿľǵķ϶ֲ˶á
һ⻰ÿһϵˡ
֮Σ˵ǿͻΧ𣿵ȫ֮ڣڳλܹӳȥܹмˣ
ɫһ⻰Ȼ˵Ŀţȴʵڳ˾ͷħ죬˻пͻƳɹȴǲˣ⣬ųǧȻЩŵĳɷݣһͷľʾĵ׷
⣬ľǶϱĸÿһ棬ʮڴܣϣҲ˵ֵܹ¡
Ҳɳȥûһܹԭ
ĳҪľǡ
Ȼ֮ôĹ򣬾Ϊ޵ڴܣܹȫɱһ˵ֱجģѩϼ˪ֻΪͷħʥˣֻΧ
ˣڼһǧ߾Ѿֻˣɥʬ־ȴ
ô죿
ͷֳͷ
ʱĽվ˵λϣҳȥϵŰɡŮֻü֮䣬ҲһĨݣ֮С
£
ϿվĽ£һ㶣ҡͷС
ȥ
Ľ»Ҫ˵ʱ򣬴⴫һֻ˽


1183 
Ҷ
˶ǳһ
㣿
Ҳһ
šԵͷ˵֮⣬ûкʵѡ˰ɣ⣬Ѿָˡ
ô죿϶һһۣͷãҶͰˡ
ҶʦСġ׵ơƽ˵
СġĽ¿򳽻ԣ˵
ǵ˺һ洫ӶԾĿųԣû뵽վһ뵽ʵĬȻҲ˵һ䡮Сġ֡
Ҷʱʵ
һҾͳȥԵ
á˵ϷҪӳͻƵļƣע⣬Ƕȥ
šԵͷ
ҹľһƬʱϱǿֻϴһɳϳȥ嶯ʿҽ𣬴˺ҹ
ãҪϳͻΧ
ʱ彫
ϣȺǶʱɱһ˲䣬ʥʮܴоʳ
ˣɫ䣬˻سڡ
ʥˣһܣҪ׷ʥ˵׷ˣͷħʥվͿԻָƣʱ򼴿ɹ¿ľǣɱϡ
Ӣܰݵ

ʱһ彫ӳǶݵʥʥǶǣѾȫɱһӳĩѾȥ׷ɱˡ
ʲôʲôģʥɫһ䣬ʵ
һķֵˡ彫
ߣһҪɱ㲻ʥˡʥһ˵
ǡ彫һæȥ
Ǹϼӿءʥһ仰Ӫˡ
ҹУһӰӶǧ֮ͣ¶һŸɾӣǳԡ
һۿľǣ΢΢ʣθոһǧ֮⣬ʮӰȻһ壬׷ɱԣǹһ˿ЦԲδ֣ѡ뿪һ
Ϊٶȼֱ쵽˼㣬籼硣
ţľǾ»ᡣ
ԣմϵķԸǰ»ѰԮҲʮһʱܹϵģϾԪ½½ʮ
һ·ϣԶǰУ֮ԭԴӿľǺ󷽵ĳǳر֮󣬾мֻʮֱռӶأذ裬ʬᡣ
ֳ棬ȷ½صӲʮֹǰʮԾûпһŵ࣬пɱ
ģж⡣
ûǴеĿأҲ·ɱһֶֻӣԼˣһɱɱע⣬Բûٶ֡
ҹ̣ڵڶ糽Ըϵ»ᡣ
ʲôˣ
Ըһ»ɽţɽ֣߳Ϊ
Ҷ֮ǰ»ѰԮľ֮ΧǰһɫƽĹ˵
ҶҶɽһԱǳһһ߸ָԣ˵
¡Ե
Ȼڴ֮ɽһ߳˵롣
롣һ֣ɽ
һ곤ᣬµ߳˵ɽϣǺˣ
̽һͨԿ˳һۣ˵ڴ˵Ⱥȥ
á˵
ˣ΢΢üȴûж˵ʲô
Ƭ̣Ųֻ߳»᳤ϣΪһϴ˳һۣ˵ҶѾڴɡ
ͨһ㳡һͳǰֻһµڴ֮⣬ǿ˳ԣޱ飬в֮ɫҲ֣»Ԫѣ»ᶪӣЩ˶кøвž֡
ܿ죬߽
Ҷˡϵ
ҶϷ𵶣һǣĿһ䵽ϣ·صͬһɽһ㣬Ϻܿ¶֮ɫͻˣҴﵽ۷壿ֻһͿڣôܣ
ʲô
˻һһ»᳤ϡ洫ӶһԪѣ򳽻ԣ¶˲ŵ飬񶼲۷壬δͻڰԭͻҶˣڲûκλ
ʲôǰʱӲǲΪôôͻˣôģ
Ӿ
찡ӵ츳δ̫˰ɣ
˵Թ˵ͷħʥʥΧľǣҴǷ֮ϣ»ܹɳԮȿľǧˡ
Ȼû뵽鿴ųԣͷЦ˵Ҷҿǽڰɣ
ЦЦĿųԣ˵Ϊ֪ڿľǣһͷħʥʥǿΧľǣƾľһ³ǺϵʵǵֵסģƣϾֻ·һ϶˵ǶһҲζˡ
ųԣ˵Ҷ˵˵ö𣿡
˵Ķԣһ㲻Ҫǡ˵
ʲôʵ
ûڣƾֵܹ͵𣿡˵
ߣ˼ڣžֵܹס𣿡һ˵Ҷʵ㣬ǻ»޹أȻܹԸģ㲻ҪǣԪ½Ԫ½ǲԪ½ռݵģԣѾпˡ
ȻˣҶǡɫһ˵


1184 ɱ
վס͵һȣ˵Ҷ»߾ߵ𣿡
ʲô˼ޱ
ϵҶڣΪ»ӡ˵
ܡԵ
Ǻãھɱ㣬ȥв»ᡣɫһ˵һۣԲҪɱⶼΪ˳ԵǱɳǶ»к棬Ҫ
Ҷ㲻ҪƲԳԷƣ»ǿ㣬վڡ
ߣ»ҲţܾҪֱǲ֪̫Ϊˡ
Ҷˣ
黰һ䣬վߵĳϡ洫ӶϢסԣһҶ͹ϳ֣ɱ
飬Ҳʵ㣬ΪȻֻڣʵȴǿսڣ»Ҫסңؽشۣ»ڲû̫ʵɣĿ罣һ˵
һɽʱ򣬳Ծ͹۲ˣ»ӦҲһ㣬ɳŵӡ洫ӡʥԼǰķ壬Ҳ»ʱ
˵Ĳھɱ㣬֪ô±Ͷ̥ˣסҪۡĿ¶ɱ
ߣ飬֪Ϊǧҽһ³ǵĿľ𣿡Ҳɫ˵ΪͷħʥҴˣںء
ʲô
⻰һʱ»»ȻĿɿڴĿųԡ
˵ʲôѾͷħʥˣƾ
ԲܣƾڵΪܹ˾ͷħʥһɱͱˡ
һ˵ѣԿľֻΧġ
һ˲䣬»³ϡ洫Ӿۿˣоһӡ
ֱǻ֮˳һϯҲ¶֮ɫ͹ЦҶСֱǴţݸ壬ڱǰҲѣ湻޴İ
û뵽ҲЦ
Цʲôɫʵ
飬ɵĻȥ̽Ϣ١ɫ˵ΪԼʵܹͷħʥһսɣ
Ȼһ⻰Цݶʱһ˵ҶС㵱Ǳ˵飬Ҫʱ䡣
ҪôΪĻֻ˵硣˵
㡭ŭȴһ֣˵ϻ˵飬б£һսɡ
ΪҶСΪڲ𣿡ɫĿ¶ɱ˵ڲļơ
ԣɫһ䣬ȴȵλϣҶС£ɱ
ɱ
һ»һɳ϶ʱҪģɹչͨԳԳ֡
ৣ
ʱ˵ʲôǶģֻ֣ܶ齣ն۵һֱӽһڵ»᳤ɱ
齣齣ôϣվϷĿ䵽е齣ϣһ£ָԣҶСѵ̫ˣϼһɣ
һ»᳤ҲǴһϾ齣Ԫ½źպڽִֻܹ˽һ̾ϳ齣о˼顣
ߣ
ֻǵһûнͣ趯齣˽»᳤϶֮УͬȺһ㣬ۣʱǲҽһƬѪ䡣
ҶСڽҪ
˵־Ͷ֣ɱֱǺֱŭһÿ֮һɳÿΪ˳Եʵڣڣǳһ֮С
𺧣ѵĽͷħʥ˲ɣΣҲôӻ뿪»ͻʸ֮ˡ
Ȼóѣһˣͻ̣ƽԼ
֮ʬɣѪ䣬϶մѪ

ȫǲҽ»᳤ϡ洫ӿɱĳԣ񵨺׷׺ˣǰ

ܻŭ
ɱӡ
ʱһֱδ˵ֵɼ˵ˣǶ»̫ϳϣڴܣʵǿһ֣ϣǷӿڶ˷籩
ҾȽϼһɱˡ˵
Сõ

ԲѵСϷվն׼
߶ǴŭǵλߣҪǿͿ񳽻һ˾˵˶ɱġ
һ
罣Ī⣬һƽϵһԲߣ齣һһؽޣһ۵һϢɼһҽûüͱնɱˡ
߳ϣߣ
Լһɳϣ洫ӶǴʧɫɼߣĿǰѪʱɱӣŭ𣺡ҶСϷҪʬΡ
ûˡ˵
λСġһ߼һ߱ƽû뵽Եʵ֮ǿһ֣ɱһڳϣһڴܰ»ƴ֣Ҳʧġ
һ̣Ҳ˳˵Ļ
»ϡ洫ӸǶԳԱ֮ӳ±ɱԪѸŵĶӣð


1185 ս
飡
ҵĳ𶯣ķҡ·Ҫըһ
ۣ
һһһɼ

ڣһһɼ߲׽˳Եĺۼһצ£򳽻Եı۰ץеĻǵóԶϱ۲ɡ
ৣ
Եսḻɼߵóѣɱڶ֮ͱ˶ݺᣬɾʱǱҶСοܣɣ
ɽӡ
һʽƷǳɽϢɽ޼ֻϲһȴСӡһ£ͳɽͼƣľȫ޷̺һĹ֮
飡
Ƶһ˲䣬Ծ͸Ҿ˼ΣУʯ鲻߶˼£齣ֱַɳ鳽ֱӲ齣˳Ժ󷽣ɽһ죬ͼɽͼƴ˽ϡ
ʱֻľĴҷɣнݺᣬ졣
Ե͸оһǰ彫˹ȥɽӡϢɴһЩڳڣӰ쵽ѪԪȣ̱ѹס
ݣ
һ죬齣ԶɻسԵϡ

ɫĿжɱ⣬ৣৣһɼ˫˫ͻɽһ򳽻ԡ
ৣ
Կû˲˼һ罣һ㼤֮⡣
ס
ɼں𣬼׷
˿̣֮⣬Ѿ»᳤ϡ洫ӡŵԼŵӡ
󣡡
ڳԳһ˲䣬»ӾһɳϵĴ²ɱ򳽻Խɱ
ô˵»Ԫ½ߴ֮һҪɱԣǾǻ᲻ϧһд۵ģοϢ˳ȥ»ĿҲһĴζó뿪
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
һʱ䣬ʮϰٸɱ⣬㣬ĽΧһţϵ£·ӡ
ÿһɱǴɱ󣬸ɱһǧǧ˲ãһɱֱ˼¡
ϻãˡ
оâ˸ɫ࣬ͨϻԣƮƮͦ㣬һɷǵĸоǰɱϲû¶㣬ĺЦ˵ããôɱϷͻˡ

һ˵꣬ϻϾӿ֮˳ȥ
ۣۣۣۣ
ʱһ޷ݵ龰ǰֻҪϻõӰһɱͱԴԴϵӿ壬ϢԽԽǿΨɱֹƬ̣ϻ˻ʼ󷨣εֵ
飡
һ󷨵Դͷ󷨶֮Դκǰڡ
飿
˿һĻ󾪡
¡¡
ȻѾ֣߶ͨɱȥһɱͬɽƶѹЩɳĳϡȫɱһöö䱻Զսͨڣȡ
Щ

һĲҽ̼񾭣˫ĿԲһϲ˻𣺡ɱɱ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ɱ¾У·ûκֵܹⶼ鹦ϻã̫֮ǿˣһɱ󣬾ͷֽɱɱ֮ڽصһһɱ֮ա
󷽣ͨΪǰ棬ң齣ںˣʱѪɣһ߾ʬ屻׷ɳȥͬ޵
ʼɱ춼󣡡
ĵӡϱɱҲסˣһϣৣৣৣৣһ˲䣬ʮڳϡʮڳϡڳͬһʱ
ʱ糱ˮһȥ

ʮܳ˳ܣնɫɱҰӾҶվڳͷϿգ۶£֮
󣡡
һȣʮܶ˫ִӡʱһɹɰ硢ΰϯ֯ƣһӰ֣ϣ
䣡䣡䣡
룬ͬڵʮܰΧϺ죬಻ˮһû
ʮܣ
ʲô˵ɱһڣǿߵڴܶҪɱûκνҵĿܡ
أ̣磬ܣγһ֮硣
ҶСܹ춼֮£ңڱھȥ졣¶֮ɫһӡʮ»᳤Ҳһӡ
䡭
ĺ£ͷϿնʱһƬ磬վ룬һߴӰ·һָ򳽻üģʱ޾ϯ
һɼ򳽻ӭ
ã
̧ͷɫ䣬һĸо־ڶҡΣ޴ܣֻӲһ
ԣ㶼Ҫסһ
ϻһ˵һ˵꣬ϥ£黯֮
ã
ϻһۣһҧ͵صͷ齣սͨ䵽ƣһ£޿ǣֵȥ
ն
ʮŵǬ
ն
ʱ̣ԲҲ׾ʩչԼϽһһ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ϿգһЯϯ£֮ͨϣ죬ҡΣ·Ҫһ㣬𣬵̱޾ûֵһһ
飡
ֻһ𣬾ͱ˳ѪһѪ


1186 
춼̫ˡɫɾӶֳһĨ԰ףǵѪȥ̧ͷ죬ңֵͨס˴󲿷ִܣº롣
ã䣡
һѪϲ̶ݺݵ˵һҪɱ
ǣ
ʮӦ
䣡
䣡
䣡
춼ǻʼ󷨣ͺʹߣϣҵֵҪֻͨϾԶŴͨ˵Ĺűأؼ汸ֱ
ʲôȻܣܻ
ʮ»᳤Ҳ¶𾪣Ҫ֪춼ǻʼ󷨣˻ʼѧĹʵȴǻʼѧܹģʼȴ޷ǰѵǵۼɣ
ͷһʮ»᳤϶ǴһҲ뵽һ㣬ŭѹҶСϡ
ǣ
ʮ̵ԡ

춼ֱ޿ײﲻ͸ԴκεطԣƲѳʩչ˴ۣ˭֪޾һɣԾ𶯣һѪ
䣡
оˣɫһȻųﲻ̣ҲҪԲĴֻСɣһ㣬ɵҲżޣһԽҪܵӰ죬ʱͬһ㡣
һɼѵĸо֮
ã
˫Ŀ죬ɫ䣬оԼҪ䱬ˡ
ˣ
ͷڵԴȻĶ罭һ㷭ڡȣʱԴա
ʲôãһ㶣̽кãֱǻ
ˣ
ԴԾû˺֮ǡ
̫ˣԵҪ⣬ֱ컯صף춼ס
ô£
ܿ죬ͷ˲Ծĵطɫһ䣬Ϣסԣʱӹ죬һҪɱ
䣡
ͨڵֵסҡҡ׹
á
ˣɫ䣬ղֵͨ˴󲿷ŵԴգʧȥͨĵֵģȫͻӿ壬ֻбˣɿЦ
ʥ
˼磬ʩչ˴ʥâƴΰϯ춼Ļ
ˣ
һգԾͬһһ㣬ȱΪˡ
ʥ
ˣֱʧ˵Сӣ㾿ʲôˣôŵĴʥ鲻»ƽ̣ʶ㣬һӾϳ
ʮ»᳤Ҳǳһ
ȴǲ߶ʹʥˣɫݣ˵ãھҪֶܹã
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ʮϺ߶춼ֲأڿ֧ţֻȴз࣬Ȼսܹ޵ڴܣϾֻΪ߶ʥͨ޷á
ԭԶôʹֻ˿Ѿûʩչִͨˡ
䣡
ҡҡ׹ͨѹ¡¡ǵصϯɽһѹ˳ԵϣɶֹһѪ
ã
ɫ䣬Ѿ޷ֹİȥ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
ɱ
ŭ
ɱ
һ̣㲡Ҫ仰ʮ»᳤չֵ쾡£䣬ŭһ㣬޾ǿƥѹ򳽻ԣҪɱӭԾͬһ㱻ףѪɣˡ
ⶼӵʺʯ鲻Եʣˣ˵ڣ޵ڴҲҪɱ
أ
һ죬Աݺݵˤ˵ϡ
Ϣ»᳤ϴ󾪵
СӣʬΡݺݵ˵
áʮ϶ɱ¶Ҫٴκɱԣڵϣ¶Ѫǰ飬ѪģɭɭĹͷˣһĻǱɡ
ɺޣѵҳԽվҪﲻɣԷߺ޵
ɣЦ˵һʮ»᳤ҲЦ
ˣ
ͻȻ춼󷢳һ޾׳ҵļ
ô£
Լʮϴʧɫ
ء
ǻδüӦ춼ʱһҽУʮ»᳤ϵɳȥҲһѪ˳ȥ

һֻ̣춼֮УһɫӰȻϻá
ϻãͻˣԾϲҺת౾Դ޸壬Ѫֹ˺۱պϣһᣬƻָ룬˲ϢհƷʯԸоԪӯվ
šϻõͷ
飬㻵˱ڵĺ£ǴѪۣϻãĿѵҪɱ㡣
ܣʮҲǸǴѪɫ԰ס
ʲô
ԶӼ˴ʧɫôû뵽Լʮϲ춼δɱҶ
ͻĽˣܺáʱԼһ壬ѾﵽĽף뽣־ƽͷϲ̧ͷܣϻ˵ߡ
ৣ
ϻó»ɽš
סǣ
ķζըˣֱܴ谡Ҫɱԡ
ۣ
»ԻδӦԺϻþѾȥˣʱһƬȷѪ꣬ʬɣѪɺӣҽһƬ಻ɲ˼㣬һ޵ĳ


1187 

ˣһ׷
ɱ
»ҲΧɱֹԺϻ뿪𣺡ҶС뿪»ڣ
Ǻ޼

и
ʮҲΧɱڴܸʩչ˴ͨжԳԵɱֻ֪ϻͻڣֱ֮ǿֲ޼᲻ݡ
֮ǾһƬȷѪꡣ
˵ٶԴ

ɫأȻе齣죬Ѿ뽣ƺһ˽һ壬ҲҪһۼԭֻеܹϣӳܡ
ȻҲҪΪ㹻ԭ
ͻҽʬɣ»ӾԴӲ赲ס˳Ժϻö˵ĽŲ

Լʮɱγǿҵɱ¾籩ɱ¾֮ݺᣬǧ˿ƣϢŻʮֿ¡
ն
Դ߶ʯ鲻壬ͬһʯˣ齣նֱնɨķбԴͬһܴɱ»ܹ赲ģҲΪˣɢһ»᳤ǰ

һֻϹžѹ£һƥϯ£ȵҶСڵĴѾг۷֮εֵ
ãҾҵĥʯҵͻסۺ⣬䣬һ˵飬ɣ˵գ԰齣һᣬȥ飬ʱоһɾѹ¡
飡
ͬһΡɽѹһ㣬ԵӶˣ
ɱ
ʮɱɱУҪǿɱԣСϻãȻ飬ȴһɱͿԺɱڡڴܣɱ»ֱǿвһ򵥡
ѹѹ
˻Ԫͬբĺһݡ

˻𣬵ϥ£û뵽ĴȻʱʩչ񹥻
ǣ
һܣʦʩչԵľ硣
ɶ񣡡
ƶСĺӶͷԽͬһСڹĶÿһǽڶÿһѪⶼﶯ·ҪһڳԵڣ౾Դȫ֫ٺһһӡ
أأأأ
ڳԵϣһһŵѪըѪģǶ¶˲
Ȼǿ
˶ɫ΢䣬û뵽ֱͲˣһЦ˵ҶСμ֣ն
Ľʣƣ
ڴͬһ㣬ƽϴ߹ɣͻƼޣ۷壬ۣһܵѪ𣬹ݣһͷڳȾѪ졣
ǰĳԣ־ᶨЩݣ̾˵꣬ڻǵһμټ츳ħ޼乫ӶȲ㡣
˵ҵ°ܽѡԼ̧ͷһ˵꣬𣬡Ľʣƣɾʡ
𣿵Ҫˡ麮˵
ˣ
ڴʱһɿ͵Ϣӳɢ˳ֻһվ飬Ц˵ллͻʣ
ʲôôܣɫ䣬ʧ˵Ǵ󾪣ʣ
ʣҪ֪Ԫ½֮УǳڣڣǺڴܣûһ˽ףȻˣѾ˵Ϊˣ˵
Ϊ˵ʴﵽףѾ߱˶ٵĿܡ
񣬳Ծ;߱һ˿
أ
һ죬ԽѹϵӲķ˳ȥһԪ籩ϯֻ̩ͨģͬȪԡں֮һȻڴ˿ͻڣ
찡
»һɳϡӶǴʧɫƤһӱ˳ȥ
ǵˣˣ
Իڵʱ򣬾ܹһսͻڣսѾǿˮ׼˵Ԫ½һ˶Ϊ
ڣ
Ǿϲ֣û뵽ԼȻһͻڣԶԶĹƣҪ֪ͻڲð
ϸϸһ룬Ͳ⣬ˮɡ
ͻڣԾڴһսľͷħʥսʺͽ־ͻƣһսٴӵʺĽ׽־Ѿӵͻڵʸ
ԣڳͻڣ˳¡
飬ǰɣĿ罣һ䵽ϣ˵ֻĿ¶壬æҵĺסס

һһ飬齣̶ֱ޾ۣ赲ǰ»ӡûһ˿ֹԣȫɱѪ䣬Ѫɡ
ɣ
ɲ֮䣬Ծͳǰ

񵨺˻ź𣺡Ҳ
ۣ
Ȼȴֹ˳һ齣ֱӴ͸ѣһȭͷСѪǰԵӰȻصһϢϾ˵ϣѪһء
»᳤ϡӴ󺰡
ৣ
ޱ飬Ĵ䣬ֳ̤齣һն£ۣһƬһƬ»£ڴܶ㲻һʱ»ң˴Ӱ
һ̣»ӳ޷ɢ


1188 ֮Σ
ۣ
ûκ飬Ծһɱ֣ɱ»ӡ
Ƭ֮»ҲûһӰ
ԣû뵽ͻ֮Ȼϻ̾һʵô죿
»ΪԪ½ߴ֮һвٺöȫˡ˵
⵹ǡϻúЦ˵
һյ֮󣬳ԡϻáϴ»ᣬһŵĲƸȡˣһӳΪ˾޸ʵϣڵӵжٲƸԼҲ֪ΪĴ䣬װʮ䣬Ҫ֪ɶǸߵȴ䰡
ؿľǡԵ
ϻáصͨҲôڵõ˴ڶʱڣ桢ͻڣҲ齣Уǳɾ˻ʼ
һҲԳ˾޴
ΪͻڣԾ˽Ԫ½󣬾ͽĽ׽־ףȻǰеλ١
Ҫصľǣڴϵˡ
ԴˣųʵΪͻڣսﵽǿˮ׼Ԫ½һˣǿһ磬¶ǵһˣ޵ڴܸĶ֡
ͷħʥඥ޵ڴܣƲǳԵ֮С
ԣǹƥء
ľǣ
ȥһƬɪԲ֮ڷ
⣬ͭǽһΧ˿ľǣΧˮйͨͭǽڣɭˡ
һжΪǱľǣûб彫ץԵʣʥ˴ŭֱӽ彫ɱɸץԣȴһҵ
оڡ
ͷħʥϥУˡ
һһ˫ۣһԵʥʵôָˣ
ֻһ죬ұȫָͷħʥ˫΢УɭȻ˵ҵ͹ҶСˡ
Ҳû뵽ӾȻ˵˲ءʥɵ
ţҪʩչһʽ̫ͨˣȻһֻصĸоͺһҲҷͷħʥȻǺͳܾˣ¡
˶٣ɫ˵ģһ죬ƸԭͲٸҶСᣬҪȷˣɱ
ãҴȥչǣҲšʥ˵
šͷħʥͷ
ڶգ湥ǣ׳ƺˣеĴϵ˷׷ϳǵֵһѪȵĳķݣͬ޵һ㡣
գʮȥȴ·ԴԴһ㣬ɱҲɱ꣬һһֽĳڵ
ҹ
ڣһƬطΧûһ˵
ϣʧ̫ˣ죬Ǿ˶ʮˣǰԳгһݵڹɲȥǿ¼ֲԮ
ǰ϶˶ͷ
λϣǰδٹǣǷվҪǿ׵ü˵
գϲĿ˰׵һۣ˵ѵ˵ͷħʥƺˣ
Ϻ϶һۣǰ˵ĻǿͻΧˡ
λϡʱֻææ˽ͷ󺹵˵ˣͻȻˣϳ֮⣬ǡǡǵֹҶѾڳɱ󡣡
ʲô
˴󾪡
Χȱһһۣ˵ͷħʥѾԭˣվҪǣֻϳǲȻǴϳͻΧȥǴ˿̿Ѿڳ֮˵ȴǡ
Ǻã
һ˲䣬˶أĽף˳ȾŮһ˫Զɽһü΢΢ţ˵ϣλҹ뿪ɡ
ǰλϵʵҪ뿪ʥ;ͷħʥҲֹˡͷ˵ֻҪλڣھͲᵹ¡
λ뿪һ齣ϡӶݵ
ǲض˵΢΢֣У˵ҶѾ˳ȥһԴԮֻҪһվͿɡ
ǡ賤ϵ˻Ȱ˵ȴϴϵûʲôǵģȥɡ
ǡֻðݵ
ϣܹʱϻ˵
һѪս˻ǺúõϢһ°ɡ˵
һҹĹûֹͣһ̣ľķڵһըһ㡣
ڣһĨأغڰ˿ľϣǽϣѪ绨貶Ŀʿƣήңڼ֣ʱԶһص
ˡ
ʱһڳǽ𣬺һԶԽʿ⣬ֻãã֮䣬һƬѹѹӰһͷÿһ˽һսһѹľǡ
Σ˳ϣͬʱ
ѹڣУնɫ

һһ彫£Կľչ˰ԵĹһĹһɨľϿյķ֣飬ҵ˶Ĥѣ
ɱ
ȻҲûе㣬׷չ
϶˳ͷϣĿǧ߿ϣսĳ죬ս޻ǣͷħʥʥ˰վսϣѲӴأֻʥ˵ϣʱʱ
ʥɸϷһԼϸֶ׷ƮɣһսϷˣ㴦ãϷʤһ˱


1189 վǵ
ϣ˵ЦʤȯգƬ̣ľǾͻᱻƣҲֻбܵ³ʥһսʥЦһм˵
ãȻҪսҪơϺȵ
ƣߣԲƣҹǡʥһһӣսѪڿƮʱֻʮһϯľǡ
ôҶСͷħʥĿһɨü˵
Ӳ΢ˡʥʮ˵˴սһ˵վ޵ģѹܶҪξһҶС
ֻǵĳʲô⡣ͷħʥ˵
İɣһ֯˾Ÿʮڴܽɵɱĸʮڴܽɵɱ󣬴⻹ʮڴ϶ɵǰ˭ҲӲˡʥȻ˵
šͷħʥͷ
ɱǽϣʿ䣬һɱϺҲʩչҹԳгԼ׵ơĽµҲûţɱƽʿ
ΪµĻ巽ܽɵɱ󣬸Ϊ¡
أ
أ
ͻȻӶǺͱǴǾҽʹ
ˣ
һһڿľϿ
ã
Ͼɫ䣬һ죬ǵķҲˣһʱ䣬ɱ죬ɵ˷һһɱҽһƬԾ㡣
Ҫϡ
Զͷħʥʥ˴߶սŭʬǧ򣬿ľڵͬһ㱻ոһ߾ߵʬ嵹£ѪɺӣûһȾ죬龰Ѫȵ˼㡣
󣬸סϡ
ʥִȣֻĸڴܲöɵɱķסԼԳгϵˡ
ɱ
һĴɱ޵ڴܣвǿڴܵĹ֣䣡䣡䣡䣡춯صıը쳹𳹾Ծۣһһ˲䣬ڵڵ˶һѪ
ˣͷħʥʥ˶ǿЦĵ緢
ɱ
Ĵɱٴ䣬ϵ˾ͬ߷һ㵹˳ȥþͷħʥʥ˳֣ĴɱͿ׽ϣⶼΪɱ̫ˡ
ǿߡ
϶޵ڴܣȥǻסĽºͰ׵Ƶˣǳȥ
ϡ
Ľµ˶ݲѡ
ߡ
ϾǺǳ⡣
ߣһӶ߲ˡʥһĻ·ףڵ˵һӣһȫɱ
ǿߣȥҶ˴һһֵɱ
ߡĽº˵
أ
һ죬ֻٴεɳȥ䵽֮УѪȻˡ
ץסǡ
ʥĽµˣЦһ˵ʥҪھʹʧԪ½
ڣҾҪ
Ȼһ飬罣Զ
˭
ʥ;ͷħʥ˾ǴʧɫΪǴоһΣյĸо
ɲһͷ
Ƕʥ꣬պѾվԪ½۷壬˭Ǵв

һϯ߳һƮƮ罣ꡣ
Ҷ
Ľ¡׵Ƶ˾ϲ֡
ԣˣϿԣ¶΢Ц
ҶСͷħʥʥ˾һ£Ŀ¶ɱЦããҶС·㲻ߣ㴳վڣ
Ҷߣ㲻ǵĶ֡Ľ¼˵
ߡ׵ƺƽҲ
ģƾǻ˲ҡԵĵ
ͷħʥ
ǰ˳ȥʥʵ
̤¸ֳһȦȦ̬ݣ˵ǶҪ
ֱǲ֪ͷħʥЦ
ô΢΢һЦһУһιУȻ齣ɢ˻ʼеϢһʱһɼɲϢԳɢ˳ķ
ڣʥɫ
㾹ȻͻˣͷħʥҲɫ˵ҶСͻڣҲһķ󣬸ʥס
ǣ
һ£𣬾ŸܲõɱܲõĴĸڴܲõɱһ򳽻ԣ˿µͻԲ
ϻãЩͽˡ˵
δ䣬һӰ˳ԣ˵á

ԶˣĿ罣㿴žͷħʥʥˣ˵վǵڣ
飿ʥ
Ҷ֮ɱͷħʥһݺݵĶų˵
áʥХһһһߵͷıУ˵һѩΣѩˮ̹ǣɢ¡Ϣ৵һ£һǧɵֱնš
ȣ
ͬһʱ䣬ͷħʥѪɫìѪ죬Ѫӹ򳽻ԡ
ն
ڽľˮбԴ߶ɫԳ⣬۳ɹ⻷й֯齣ϣʱ죬ݵһһɫʵĽնԴȡޱȡ
أ
һ죬ͷħʥʥӱ˳ȥ


1190 ɱķ
ৣ
罣Ѹǳ۵糸ƽʥ
ʲô
ͷħʥʥһۣ˱˴еľǶû뵽ԵΪͻ֮ʵȻﵽ˾أȻղֻǵƽһԿɱһ޵ڴܡ
ܹ׵ֵԼ˱ˣǾ˵ӵǿߵս
ô
ǲԸţǰʵȴǱţѾû˶˼ʱ䣬Ѿƽˡ
ɱ
ͷħʥʥ˫˫һ߶죬ӭȥһսû·ܳԣΪǵʥԼϣսӣ½ݣҲᱻλʥ
Ѫħ¾
ͷħʥһ춼ѪһƬͬһ޴޻Ѫ֮ɱ¾򣬳֮⣬кڰ֮Ĵһתͱͷħʥʩչ˾ͨ
𣡡һ֮УѪɱ¾֮죬ͷħʥվ룬ͷϿѪһƬ¾Ǻڰ·ޱߵеѪɫì̳ʱһаɸߴѪħ֡
ħһ˫ѪɫĿͷѪһ˸ֲ棬˫ۣһ˳ԡ
컢ͷն
ͬһʱ䣬ʥ˫ͷ󵶣һȦ貽ɢ˳ն£һ𣬶ʱֻһɫͷ˺ҧ򳽻ԡ
ͷħʥʥպߴʥ֮˫սԣ
һĻ˵ȥûš
ҶСġ
ԶĽµ˼˴
һ
ͷϿգ̤ԭҰ罣һ̬ͦݵԾͷħʥʥʥĽûһ˿ĵͺ£һĨЦ⣬ৣ齣趯һƮȻԶĽϢɢ
һ£·һˣһ
ǰһΪΪһ̤֮·ߵĸԶҲΪˣԴһ˽գͻڣڽҲͨ͸Ȼˡ
һҲﵽһ޷ľء
ˣ
ͷħʥʥѾʩչԼĴͨԳһȴûɵͷһ
ͻȻʧǵĿУֻһ貵˼µĽ⡣
ã
һ̣ͷħʥʥ˾ɫ䡣
ۣ
ۣ
ǸոճͼһĨ貵ĽӰѪħ󴩹һѪħɢͼһĨԲ˼ٶȴ̹ɫͷ۵һɢþͷħʥʥ˶ʱ𣺡ס
Ѫܣ
һ壡
˲䣬ͷħʥʥ˾ʩչϷ죬صһͼʥ˳ȥδɫ䣬ŵĿǰӰ
أأأأ
ʱ󷽴಻ıըֻһɢҽһƬ
ʲô
ͷħʥʥʥٴδ󾪡
ã
ˣĽµ˶Ǵϲ
ˣ
ʥ񵨾㣬˵Ҷһˣһֹ֮ǵġ
ߣûôס
һЦ齣źһӣǧɽϯڿҰرڵĴ󽭴һ㣬ۣʮҽûüһ£նȾˡ
ৣ
һʮҲɱ
һ̣Եʵչֵ쾡¡

˷ûһ岻㣬£ֻţ˺
ֵˡ
ͷħʥʥˣԱ彣η޾壬Ȼöʥ񵨾㣬ֻŵ㺲ɶֹͷʥµķ𣺡ߡ
ɶ񣡡ͷħʥҲˣԵĿⶼԣ⡣
ৣ
ȻʱԵĽѾﵽ۷壬ʵ֮ǿһʩչ;ͷħʥʥȻǶ޵ڴܣǱ𳽻ȴȥԶ
˿̵ĳԣǿޱȣ˷סеıԴв౾ԴУֱǿ˼㣬齣ն£һ㣬ۣۣͷħʥʥ˵Ĺֽһ㱻˺ѿ
أأ
һ˲䣬ͷħʥʥ˶һѪɳȥɫ䣬ɫѿס˵ܣΪͻڣʵﵽǿˮ׼ҲûôŶԣ
ҶС㲻Ҫţߴʥڡͷħʥɫڴ
ߣͷħʥ㻹ûзǰƣҲãҾնһֱۣһ㡣һ齣һ৵һ£ͷħʥߴһҶСҵģ֣
δ䣬ͷħʥֹܳѪ֮֮䶼޵һǧɳоſԴľ߳˳Ե档
Ǿͷħʥı壬ͷ
˻˻˻˻ÿһͷԲǰСſѪڣ¶ڶͷħʥּϸҶСʥҪ㡣˵꣬ŲӴһ㣬ͷ޴ͷų˺ҧ
𣡺𣡺𣡡һ˲䣬ʥҲԻ˱壬һҲǧɳľһݴСͨףˮɣһ˫ɫ۾ӴСɢ˱Ŀ⣬塣
ʥԻ壬սԣ
֮ҲǰŹâǼֱǲ֪ҲգվͽҵֶΡһЦ齣ܽ֯ͻȻһ߿˷

һ֮Уһͨ嫵̫֮䣬Ҳǧɳ̫ϵϢʮֺƴѹͷħʥʥʥϵơ


1191 
ǳʩչ岻֮
Ϊࡢࡢ඼л֮˵Ͽ࣬ͷߺ֣ǰҲҪһҲΪξͷħʥʥʥʥ͵ԭ
֪һ㣬ʩչ˻

ͷħʥʥʥʥһ۾ϳ˳ʩչͨϵȼʶԵʵҪ𾪣ֱʧܣ
ûʲôܵģɣ
û˿ϻֱ˵Ķ֣ǧڶβ⡢ϯ羪İأأͼͷħʥʥʥҽһһѪ
ӣ
Է·һ˶ʥþͷħʥʥʥ׵ûսģĶˣߣ

һʣдͨںϣ

ҽ𣬾ͷħʥʥʥͬһ㣬׹£ԭҰһ㣬𶯣Ѫڣһ£ʥֻʣ˰ڡ
ৣ
һգ罣һ䵽˵ϡ
ȿȿȡͷħʥʥɫҰףϢ˥˼㣬˵ҶҪɱǡ
ɱǣǹһĨǳЦʵͷħʥأ
ȻһͷħʥҲòԼҪɱ³Ⱦ磬Ҳֻһ֮ңˣһء
Ǿͳңһ£˵
㣿ʥɫѿ
ͷħʥҲһɣɫһ˵ôǺû𣿼ȻˣǾɣ
Ը⳼ʥæ˵
ҲǡͷħʥҲͷ絷һ
ãͷųǵ꣬ҷǻɢޱĵͷ˵
ǡµ񣬾ͷħʥʥҲֻˣֱͷųԼꡣ
áԼӡ
û뵽ľͷħʥʥȻһδɵСӣǻ֮׵ģһ䡢ɭȻ˷ҲԴͷ
˭װŪҹȵӿھͷħʥʥӡ
ˣˣ
ռһ߳һסһţڹ֮УĿˣ·꣬һͷ׷һͷ淢һ𣬸ʮֹĸо
ϣ
ͷħʥʥ̴󾪣ˣǾȻ̷ƳӡǣͬʱдϿɱҶС
ߣվˣҲô꣬ӡ¡һԻ˿ڴܵԾԵѹʥ꣬ǿӡ
Сͣ֡
ͬʱ֣һһɫץ򳽻ԡ

һ˲䣬Դ߶˴̺߿ƣһ㣬ɫһ䣺
򣬳ڶʥӡͷħʥʥ翴һ㣬ĿһƳ䵽ϣ˵ߣʶ˵գǾʲôˣԪ½ӦûȴڲŶԡ
ʲôˣСӣ㻹֪ϼһͷǺãˣҾǵõķϣǻϣԪ½õĸˡ׷ߣЦе˵
ãޱ飬ȴһ˵Ȼ֧巢ս
㻹ʲô֪ģûеĻϷھȥˡ˵
ܹǶ˵ϣҶСӦøеҲǣҪ֪Ԫ½Ԫϼһûܹǳ֣һ⣬Ϊˣ˵
ƾǸղ˵ĻǶɫݵ
ãܺãҲ仰ϷҪĽһһĳܣ޾ʹȥӴ飬˵⻰ʱȴѣһͷһ
ɱƢһЩһͷ泤裬ͬһŻȼգһ߶һͬһ޴Ļ򳽻ԡ

ͬʱϴ߶ǷĹ죬ϯ
һ֣Ծ;첻ѣԭ˶ϾȻһԣԣԣΪˣǶһߵľ磬Ȼﵽ۷֮
֮⣬һ֣һγɷ򣬴ɵķһںϣȻͿԲֲ֮˼㣬óԶһĸо
Ҫ֪κԲǿֲ֣ôǼ򵥵
Ȼֻ˵ҪһԲ֮ʮֵļѣڵ죬ڴܶ٣ԣʮֿµġ
һ㣬ӳڣδɾͿԿˡ
һʩչֱǻء
ԭһǿڴܾѾʮֿˣοڣϻ֮ǿڴܣѾÿˣǿֲ
ǿֲ
һ̣ԺϹķϣһֲֿС
ǣǽޣ
һǰη޾壬ǽ͵ƷʣɾƷʣȻоֲͷȴһ˿ڴУΪͻڣսﵽǿߣټͨ˵֮µһ˶Ϊ
ԣҪ˽ԼʵһǿڴܾԲǳԵĶ֣Ҳǣɲǣϻ֮ǿڴܣʵԿԱȼͬߣвնɹٵĴڡ


1192 ս
ս
һս⡢սӳɢһ־ͲеƳϡ
˿̣Ծһ͡
ʡ
߿ۻ롢Ľ𣬴˷磬ƽķ϶˫һУȣʩչͨ򳽻ԡ
һĻľͷħʥʥ񵨾㣬ڵ϶ҲҶһۣ˱˴ͷĿ⣬ʥȻ䵽˸ӡΪū͵أֱǳ衣
ľǣ⵽˵÷ϵΧǿɲΪܹܷϣҲǴһ˿ңγ漣ΪǻĻҲͷԼ꣬óӡ
Ҳɲʣڷϳֵʱ򣬴һ˿ϣҪѳԣӡֻû뵽Ե̫ˣȫѹǡ
ڣѾףԼǲܽԵӡˣȻĴ泽ԲᱻɱĽҡ
أ
һ쳹սġ糿ӡĺģֱþͷħʥʥʥɫ䣬תۿȥֻϵĹײһзס֯һ𣬿ֲ쳣
ˣ
ԪͬˮһϯۣԲ֮ڣľɽɲ֮ʧӰ
ৣৣ
ڶʥĪĿУԺͷϵӰ˳
Сӣ㾿ʲôˣʵɫͷǲţԼ֮һȻһͬ߶ͲꣿԷϲдһʣ츳ˣ֮оԲ֮ʿ
ѵеλģҲɫ粻
Ҳ޷Ҷֻҵһѣʵֽԡɫݣɮһƽ˵
ԣԲǳԡ̾ͷ˵Բǳһ˵꣬ǾˣֻԵΡòһ䣬һֱ罣üĿʸ߽ǰ
˵ϾͶʧԣ
ķ˵Ȼ㣬ˣҲֻдħ޼乫ӵ츳ʵӦ뵽Ŷԣֻû뵽㾹Ȼ˴仯˶ϲ
仯Ҳֻд仯ñ˿ԭԼ˫Ŀҫԣ΢۾˵
˵ĺܶԣǶ˵
ԣԭҶǳԣǸ̫ſռڴħ幫޼ĳԡʥһò
ԭͷħʥ˵ѹˣҲֻ콾ţ츳ڶ̶һʱܹڡǵ罣Ӱ˵Ҳʮ֮˾ŵ顣
ǰӵĽ׽־Ľ־Ѿ߱˶ٵʸ񡣡ʥĿԵӰ˵ֻǲ֪ܷܹһ٣Ļ츳ǳҲûҶˡ
ͷħʥҲͷ˵
Զһۣͷ˵ԣԸҵãӦ֪ҵλ棬һɱ֯˵һΪֻҪãͻõ󲻵ĶΪٳ߽ͷ
ȻʣϷ˶ûʸ񣬵ǿԽеλĵ÷ֲƼ㣬ֱӳΪҵ컯ܵĵӶûпܡĳһΪ˳˵
ʲô˻һԶľͷħʥʥʥǳһǿ׷⻰˼˵ֻҪԴӦɾܼ嶤ϵ顣
Ҳ׷ϵĻԵ츳ȴ̫ˣ겻ʱʹڣ˵λ棬еλ棬ǿƾ콾ĳɾҲ޷ġ
һʱ䣬ʥ򳽻ԣͷϣܹӦ
ҲЦеĿųԣǲųԲ᲻Ӧٴһҩ˵
ԣѾڣǽ־ʣ˶ٵʸ񣬵ɲգϾ̫Ѷˣ˵һһٸڴ֮һɹٶˡ
ϺЦ˵ֻҪΪҵõˣлĻᣬɹټ嶤ϵ飬ô
һ£ʥĶᵽɤˡ

ŵλĻʮ֮˾ŻһƬȻ󲨣һսһ
Ȼȴ˵ûȤ
ʲôʧ
ûô˵ûȤЦûĻҲ⶯ѾһöһöҲûãȻĶ
οȻ統Уڸߵλ棬һްԣȴǼùĴڣ˺ڸߵλ棬׷ɱɲǳҪ
һУ䡣
ܾͷħʥʥ˾
ٷϻ˻ʲôʽͶʩչɣǾûˡ˵
󵨣
ɶ񣡡
Ȼŭ˫˫߶죬򳽻ԣﬣﬣﬣﬣԲķµ˼㣬֮з·һ޵ҽʣ糱ˮ罭಻
ɱ
һȣһиռ䣬׹йУǿƥɫʰ쵣һ񡢷Ľ֮Һɨ˻

ԪĶңͷһױԴתһ䣬Ƿ׻ۣ˷ȫųԴԴķĴһ̣Ծͺշ׵顣


1193 Ԫ
أ
һֱӽϴˣһǵĹû飬ɫ粻˵ԣ㾿ִͨ
Ծ֪ˡ
˵һ䣬Ծ̤߳纣һ㣬׳ۣںһ̺ϣһϣľͷħʥʥ񵨺
Ԫ
齣һն˽ռ䣬зϣ϶ʱɫ䣬ٶܵӰ죬ȴˮΣ̫գ˴Ҫȡڵķ
ʲôãˣɫ䣬򳽻ԣ˵ö񶾵Сӣ㾹ȻҪȡϷ˵ķֱ֮ˡ
ƻСӡƢ꣬˫Ŀ𣬿򳽻ԣ·Ҫճɻҽ
ߣ飬ҿɱˡ˵
Ǿһߡ˵
ߡҲһ
ڷһ˲䣬Զˣ޾ɫ˵˵˽ǶҪǾͶ˵䣬齣һն谭ߣʩչ˴
ˣˣ
һϵܵӰ죬·١ᣬһ㣬϶ҽô£
һУ
˿̣δ꼰أͷħʥʥ˵֮ۿΣ
ۣۣ
һ˲䣬ͼһѪȻǵսﵽǿߣǿᣬ־ʶȲóԣҲǲ磬ҴֱǹĪ⣬εֵס
ʣ
ɳȥԽǳĽʱһ֮ӿͷƵĴ
ۣ
ǵĺո𣬾ͼһ˫ۣûԼʶҲɢˡ
һץԾͽϵĴȡˡ
ˣ
һĻͷħʥʥʥһ㶣̾ͷӦӭǰݵ

ԵͷȻоһƬ嫵ĹⲨ˿ľϿգδԣʥ˵Ԫˡ
Ԫ˫һУ˼
ˣǶ񳼷ˣϾʥԪ˼ǲŹǡʥ˵
ǰˡͷħʥҲ
ȥɱ֮أһǧҩˣ˵ȥġһ£˵ȥɣ
ǡʥ˶ûжʣѸת뿪
ৣ
һԻָҶģؿľǡ
ľǣ
ǧź嫹Ⲩĵȫܣ
ˮϡľϡ
֮ϣԳгϺĽµ˵İվֳϿһݣৣৣ̧ͷһֻⲨ֮߳Ӱһķ˳ζԣȴһģϵš
ɫɨһۣҲˮ۲ˮλϲضԭΪľƣû뵽Ǽֵǳϰ
һжǱŵҶĹͣ˾ͷħʥʥ˵
ʲôˮϺľ϶ǳһЦϣ˵Цɡ
û˵ЦȷʵҴʥ;ͷħʥֻˡʱһʵ˼֮УˮϺľѭȥֻ泯һꡣ
ڣڳûΪˮϺľһ۾Ϳˡ
Ҷ׵ƺƽ˶ϲ
λû°ɡԿ˼һۣͷѰϣ϶ҡҡͷ˵ҶԪˮϺľϡ
ŶҶλϡɨһۣͿ˶˵ΪҲǿڴܣλ޷ĵģڵ͵λ棬ܹɵǿΪǿڴܣĻԪ½Ҳ˶ƹԪ
Ҷ˵ʥ;ͷħʥϷţϷʵľһ˫һһֻɿĵ֣ץ򳽻Եٶȿ磬Ѹף˷Ӧ
ֻ䵽У̫ˣ

Ҳһһ㣬һ죬ĳԺЦ˵ľ𣿡
ʲôôܣľһͷһԼȻԷץϣãһ˲䣬ɫѿޱȣ㡭
ҶСֵܣľֻ㿪Цѣ㲻Ҫ⡣ˮϼҲһ£һЦƵЦ˵
ҵȻ֪һЦɿơ
ߡľϿˮһۣһˮҲ⣬˽ǰ˿˵ҶСֵܹٿܣʵʵǰ;
ʱԸоӭ洵о裬ɫɫˮϹˡ
֪ҶСֵܿȤԪ½ˮ˵
Ԫ½һ£ʵ
Һľ϶Ԫ½ǲԪ½ĸˣÿ궼һƼԪ½һǡǽգҶСֵܡˮϵͷ˵
Ԫ½Ȼվֻһ磬ΪҪɾ͸ߵľ磬ֻڸߵλˮԾţڣҪپ͸Ӽˡ
ͱҶСֵ㣬Ȼ츳ףԼҲ˵Լٷܹ֮ȹٰɣˮЦ˵
Ե
ɵеλͲһˣ㣬ǳλʮǶʮ֮࣬Ԫ½˵Ԫ½ʮ屶һ룬֮£ж죿ˮ˵


1194 ֮
˵ʵ޹ذɣԵ
ǺǣôûиϵأԪ½ԪڵӣʱٵĻԪڶ㣬Ҫ֪ԪƿԪ½Ͻٸ½еλ֮Уһǿˮ˵
ƼȥҲõٺôɣ˵
кôǰû
˵⻰Ĳˮϣľϣһ˫һ˵Ԫ½Ͻٸ½ĸ˶һƼһ˽Ԫ½ʸ񣬲Ƽ߱δһǧ꣬δͻٸ½ˣ֮Уֻܻʮˡ
ʲôԳһ
ǲǾú֣ˮЦ
˵Щ˶жٵʸ񡣡Եͷ˵
ܹ֮ɹж٣ˮʵ
ж٣üͷһ壬̫Ѷˣ־ʶӵףҲ˵ٷְܹɹ٣㳽ڣĽ׽־ʣһöͨ˵Ҳ٣ǰղԭ
Ϊһڴܣһ˶ɹԡ
ɴˣٵѶɿ֪ˡ
뵽ˣԲɷпǰж٣
ܹ֮лΪʮ֮һͿ϶ܹɹ٣ΪԪڲʮڴɽ١ˮﲻ˵˵һɹ٣ɾܣԪھͻ·Ľ͡
Ȼܷ񡣡һЦˮϺľϣʵʲôô
ˣǲκκôΪʮ֮һǾͻõһöˮ˵û˵˵Ȼͻ뿪ǰԪ½
ˮϵͷ˵
ҶԸҪľʵ
롣΢΢ʣʵûв´ĻΪʮ֮һͱҪΪԪڵĵӰɣ
ȻԪڲǵɡˮ˵ȻԪ½Ԫ½иԵļ壬Ҳ֪һЩϢΪԪڵӣΪﵽڣžͻһ½㿪
һе磿Ծ
㲻ҪΪּõе磬εе磬ŨҲǵ͵ʮˮ˵Ҷʮֿ㣬һԴ⼸ӱ
Ϊʲôʵ
ܼ򵥣ʵ̫ǿˣѾǿڴܵӦеʵ벻˵ľϣҺҲĶְɣˮϿ򳽻ԣһ˵
ôܣľϾ
Ľµ˶𾪵ĿųԣΨڸղŸоһ㳽ϵսϢ֪ǾԲʥʥǱȶʥǿĴڣԻˣҲ˵ʵѾﵽһʮֿɲľء
Ժ̹Ȼĵͷ
Ȼ˷ϡˮ˵
ǣľ϶Ȼɫһ䣬ʵҶأ
ˡԵ
ˣˮϺľʧ¶𾪡
һƼʲôʱ򣿡һ֣˵
ԭˮϺľ϶˻ȷһ£⻰оϴݳϢͷǶݣһۣˮ˵֮󡣡
֮󣿡Ե
Ȼܹ֮ڶɹ٣ղŵĻ͵ʲôû˵֮δܶ٣ôԪˮ˵
áԵ
ˣѾˣλҲȥɡˮ˵һʧأ»Ҳ幥ƣԼ»᳤ϡҲѾߴųˣžҪúûָԪ½İ
»ˣԶ鶯ݣ̹ݵλ֮

ˮϺľϿ˳һۣһΣʧˡ
ҶܹҴΪڣϷ˴°лһۣǹֳųһݣȻûһٵӡ
λ𡣡Լæϡ
ˣҲûˡ˵
ڣϸ˵
һΣսˣԪ½ӭѵõĺƽʱڡ
ֻһҲ˲شۣߴֻʣţ»ȻڣѾΪһ۵ˡ
壬Ҳûгʧأߴʥڣֻû˵õ֧֣ҲٷսˣҾͷħʥʥ˳ԣûгԵָҲʲô
һξǰʱȥ
꣬ΪôĽ׽־Ҳٳ޷ͻףˡ
ǰʱȥԵΪûͻơ
ȴǷһ¡
ųԪ½ҵĵط֮رһڴܣǧҩͳһˡ
Ⲣ£ǻ֮صͳһĶΪɵע⣬ϴҪ֮أɱǧҩԪ½𣬵ڶգĶ졢Ϊɱ
Ϣ
֮أһӳΪԪ½Ľ㣬ҲĿֻţܿ죬֮ؾƽûɱ¾ǧҩһݺƽĶΪ֮ؽ֮Ȼ
ʱԪ½Ϊ֮Ȼ
û뵽ں̻վ֧̫šϼ졢ľ£Ǽ̻ᡣ
ǣ֮سΪ˵
ҲֻĴ
ԭŵٴνû뵽һƽˮûйע巢κһ㡣


1195 Ԫ½
âųǣ
һµľ¥֮ϣĹڣһòףʶصꡣ
ߣһŮӣչƤɰ״ɰףģаһֻѩ׵СĻë׵ģ۾ƣֳ̬ӿɰˡ
ӣôûŮʵ
Լʱ䣬֮ڣǻġ˵
ѽѽʱѩС޽

ӵķűһɷƿˣһɫӰ˽һΰƲһͷڷˣ꣬ϲԣþò漴ֳ꾪ȵڣͻڣ
ǰǳԣǹͨ΢΢һЦȴ˵Ŀ⣬˵ǰҾѾͻڡ
⡭ͨ¶֮ɫһȻ˵ԣҼ츳Ľͣ٣ѣѣѣ
ǰ̾
ҲҪɥҿĽ־δͻװɣͨ
šԵͷ
ͻ׽־ٳ١ͨ˵ܹɾʹͨߣһǽ־ס
ǰҲҪˣʵ
ͨͷ˵ֻһ٣һʧ
ǰǴߣһܹɹ١Ե
Ǻǣٲôöɵģġͨ򳽻ԣ˵ԣ֮ΪȣΪ൱ҲǰǰĽˣǽҹͨɣο㣬һ½޾أ
Ҿͽϸ硣Ҳˬ֮ˣ˵
áͨ
쵽ˣذΪλδԿ⣬˵
Ҳ·ͨ˵δ˵꣬âųʹһ󺰣ĶСӣб͸ɶ񣬳ֿҰ
ذεСӣҿ˭ȵ㣿һ쳹âųϿգ߾Ǵʧɫֲ̿ڴܣ
ߡ˵
ৣ
͹ͨջâųϿգϢɢӴâųǶ·Сˡ
ڴܣڴܣ
ʱâųһ𾪣Ҫ֪âųֻһСǣ˵ڴܣڴܶ亱û뵽һӾͳڴܣҺҪһս
ৣৣ
ԶâųϿգ꣬һ˺Ȼذεֳ䵶ģǱͷ飬׷һλͷ𷢵꣬ͨ嵶Ե˼㡣
ȻذεһҲһš
ߣذεŴѰսôںˣ˵ӵ˵
ˣҲĶ֣ҵĺֵܾڳһ֣Ӵ֮ʱҽ㻹ȥȡ衣ذε˵
ôҶ˾Ҫʶһ˭ôǹһȣʮ˵
ѵû𣿡ŵĶˣذεͷһǰâų볽Էֱǰһȫǵ͵磬磬Ǹ磬ÿһ߶ΪҫԳΪΪĿꡣ
ذεҲᵽΪһ͵ĳС
磬ذε֮굶ͣһ·ս䵶ԽսԼ֪˶ٶ֣ȻҲдģ֮Ŭ˶Է֮ذεҲ紳һСͷ
һǰͻڣһ굶֮еٮٮߣ˲굶ֱͣսˣһܡ
һ֮һλδ֪ʦϵΪҲͻڡ
ٴսˡ
һսٴչ˴սһһҹذεܣȴҪҪúýѵذεһ·׷ɱԪ½
ذ֡
ذε˼·ʱ򣬲ԶӰ
֣ǰ
ذεϲ
㾹ȻͻڣԿذεһҪ֪ܹͻڣǼõŵͻƵڣû뵽ذεȻҲ֮ͻƵڣ
ʣذεһͣҵõ䴫У䵶츳һģܹڶ̶֮ͻƵڣ˸
ذε΢΢һЦ¶ѩ׵ݣЩ⣬򳽻ԣƲ˵Ҳͻˣ
šԵͷ
ףǰָΪˣذεͨϲֵ
ǺǣϷٲָͱȫˡͨпЦ֮ĲôôأԼ࣬Żָڣǰһ˶ã
ҡҡͷͨҲȻ֪Ժذεдˣǳԣˣʵ˭ôһֱ׷ɱ㣿
ˡذεδ˵ͼ˿򳽻ԣʵǳԣذεĺֵܣ
Ե
ߣذεҵĶ֣Ȼֵܣһսɡ˵
СЩȻʵȷʵȻҲ˼ذεߣС˵
šԵͷ˵ɣ
֪ǽͣɣűƻֺ
Բҡҡͷ
ذεҪᣬҪΪ˸ۡ˼˴һ޾ĵγǿĵƣͬˮһľ򳽻ԣ৵һ£һѩѩĵն˳ضһƬѩס
Сġذε
ģǳԵĶ֡ͨ˵
Сӿ޵ڴܣذε
㿴ָͨǰ˵

ذεһֻԴһûгȴ޾ĽϯΪΪԿΪһӣһն£ɽһأƴ


1196 ѡ
ۣ
һ죬޾ɢ
ʲô
ذεԾ˸ӳԾ˵ܣ
ˣذεҵֵܣԸǶԸң㲻ҵĶ֣ȥɡɫȻ
ǿߣ˾
⡣Ե
Ҳţｭɽѩ󽭶ȥӣɱ˲֮ͬУбԼĴڣһʩչԼ˫д󽭴ӣｭɽ绢š

һ䣬ﾡɢ
ȥɡһһף·ǧԭҰرһ㣬һ£;Ŷ˵ХȥԶգ۾͵ʮ֮⣬˴ĿԼվһ·ϡ
֮˵侹Ȼ˽ֻͣһս֣Ҳ֣ҶСӢۣҲգҾ뿪ǻ磬ݺ͵磬ɹ֮Ҳ⳽һս
˵꣬˾γ絶һʧ

âųǣջУͨذε˳Եһϯ֮󣬶겻ѣͨʵԣľǰԪ磿
Ե
ҪСģе粻ȵ͵磬ܣвٴӸߵ컯˾ܣ˼䣬ζ̬ҪͻƸߵľ磬νǲԻͨ˵
šԵͷе磬Ҳἰ֪һЩ
еλ磬һĴڣλ磬ܼ٣еλǲĸˣеͲһ컯˾ܻеλǲ֪
֮⣬еλҲܵߵλƿأڳλ˵ȴûô࣬ΪвǸߵλĴڶǲһ۵˵ı󣬶һܡ
ԣеλ翴ڴΪ𣬵ʵЩڱˣǲĿ¡
ԱǰԪ½ѡ񣬱ҵͻ׽־
֣ף쿪ʤһٳɾذεٱ˵
ҲǡԵ
ϸ磬أذεʵڹͨҪ£Ҳ糽һôƺͨˡ
Ѱһɡͨԣûڵ͵λ棬еλĿܴܺ㵽Ԫ½£ѰټҪСģϾһʱȥˣ˻ԪΪ´ﵽһߵľ磬컯Ҳûпܡ
¶ҪСġذε
סԵ
Ϧ䣬ƮѪ޵ĺ
ϸ磬ذ֣ٻᡣԹ˵
ٻᡣͨذεֵ
ǰһ㣬ֱ
һתۣˮϵ֮Լˡ
ûܽ־ͻף١
ৣ
һн֮󣬳ǰԪ
ԪɽԪ½ʥɽʥأֻҪԪ½ߣ˲֪˲ﲻʥأҲ̻ᶼҪĵطͬҲԪ½ء
ɽߣʮɣŵԪ½ҲһͨͨСɽ壬ɽȴһΡ롢߲ʵĸо
ԽǿɽָоԽǿң·һɽһˣԼ⡣
ԸоһɲԪ½Ϣ
еλ磡
ԪɽԸоһеλϢ
ʲôˣ
ʹһĺʡ
ˮϣҶԼվڰв裬ӣʮ˵
¡꣬һºһֻһķ̬ӯӰԪɽ˳Ȼˮϣ¶Ķݵ΢Ц˵Ҷˣ롣
ৣ
罣һ㣬ٽԪɽˮϡ
ˮѾԤϵһ˵
ˮٲȻһЦ˵
áԵͷ
һˮϵĴ£ԽԪɽԪ½Ŀеʥأŵ˵Ǿеλĵط
ֻһӴޱȣ󣬵ϢЩ޽Ȳ˵ġ
Ҷľ˳뷢ףģͨһţһ˫۾â˸˵㲢ûнĽ׽־ͻƵףʵӿˣ¸նɹٵڴܶδĶ֡
ԭѾ֪ˣ˵ɣʲôʱǰԪ½ɫݵʵ
֮Ԫ½ȥˮ˵
áԵ
ʱ۾͹죬ˮϺľϴҶ˴󷽣ﾹȻж죬ɾһ㡣
ķ崣ƣ뵣Ժշ裬ȪһʮɷԲԲʯڰ֮Уɢ߽Ĺâعԣڴʯ棬Զоһ
ҶȻ츳ʵǿᣬһʹˣЩһ˵˵ˮ˵
˵Ե
ʹһֻΪȻеλ治ʲôҵ˵Ҳǲɵԣ㻹Ҫ⣬еλ粻ȵ͵λ磬ǿ֣㻹Сġˮ˵
һͷģ˲ҲˣңұնݳԵĵ
⵹ءˮ΢΢һЦЦȴҲһ˿Ȼ
ľϵͷ
Ȼһ߲ʹԲʯϿֶ¡
ৣ
һӰ϶Իһݣһͷߡ
ʹߴˡ
ˮϺľ϶˼æһݡ
ҶʹߴˡԹֵ
ţǴ˴Ƽˣɫ䣬ʵ
ʹߴˡˮϼ²æ˵ͬʱҶҪҶ˵Ļ
߰ɡ߿˳һۣ˵㻹ţҲˡ
ɱҵˣûл졣һƽһ䵽Բʯ֮ϣ˵
ߡһ
ʹߴˡˮϺľ϶˰ݵ


1197 ʮˣ1
ৣ
߲ʹ£ڳϣǶ˵ӰʧԲʯϷ
·һ㣬Ըо԰ףҲ·һɲǹվͬһԲʯϣ̸о˲һһ㣬̫ԣˣͬϸһʡ
еλ磿Ե
߰ɡޱ˵һԲʯ紩ԽһأԲʯ߳һ׵ʯ׳ǰվ̨֮ϣȥֻ塢ɽסȪ֮ۼʤ˼ɾ
ʯ׵߰أڴܣȻֻͨˮ׼ȴɽҲеλĲ֮
ͬʱҲͬһߵĴ߳ȻҲ糽һڳλ磬һ⣬ΪսҲʮǿ޵Сǿߡ
ɱ⣡
ÿһУԶ˶Ա˴˵ɱ⡣
Ҳ޿ɺǣ֮Уֻлʮˣÿһ˶Ϊʮ֮һõԪڳϵİ£ɹ٣ɾ

ԸһƬ಻ĽȺݳɶ
סš˵֮󣬻ǰȥһطڼ䣬㲻ҪܣɱɾԹϷûȸ˵ˡ˵꣬ˣʵϣУѾһˡ
ǰһۣ˽ȥ
ֻݺܴ󣬷ٸרŵỤ̊һͬ˼֮һ㡣
һУҲܾ˳µĽܡ
ס
ʱ˵Ҳ̣͹ȥˡ

һӹ𣬺ܿʹһԾ˳ϣ
ৣৣৣৣ
ڳ߳ݵһ˲䣬ͼٵӳ
ϿգվʮˣһɫڴܣǰһˣڴܣеģһͷɫͷƤɿݣ˵ҲԵʮӲ˿飺ϷԪڳԪ
ݼ볤ϡ˰ݵ
ܺãϷԪ
ৣ
һ˲䣬ԪɳȺһһʮɷԲƽ̨֣λãһ޴ĽǶܴʮʯ޶У඼ʮ׶񣬵ʮļ¡
Ե䵽ƽ̨ϡ
ɨһۣԪ˵ʮ֮Уֻʮ˻Ҳֻʮ˲ܹԪڵȡԼܹɡ

û˵ţÿһ궼ޱĿԪ
ڿʼһؿ飬ʮȫǰĽǶ֮Улɱֱʮ˻ΪֹԪ˵
ʲôȻѾϵѡһʮֲп飬Ҳֻʮ˻Ҳû뵽һؿ˵Ĳп飬ʮֻʮ˻Ҫ֪ڳÿһ˶콾ﰡ
ڿʼǶԪޱ
ǡӦ
ৣ
һ˲䣬˽Ƕʮ࣬վɷԲĽǶȴǲԵӵÿһ˶ռһ˰ʮɣ˴˾裬ɫ̹Ȼվ˫ֿտգƺ޽䱸ʵѾ߶ȼС
ȻӵпڵʵϾûʮ޵ڴΧһˣ¾㲻ҲҪˡ
ԣһʼԲδֳǿϢһĬĬģ
ʼ
ԪԼʮԪڳ϶վڽǶһۿ

δ䣬˲ҽһˣҲˣǼʮ˵Ĳҽһɲǣǿ߶߷Ҳ˹һˣҲбߣѪţʬɡ
ϢԱܹһ˵Ĺûг֣ҲѡηâһЩ˸оԼв¾ͻȥԼԲòСġ
ɱ
ȥɣ
Ϯңֱǲ֪ν
һգ۹򣬾͵ʮˣһ̣˶óԼʵƣֶξʩչ
ûΣֻɱ¾κ˶пҪɱԼ
أ
һ޵һƴ򳽻ԣ˹ȥ˻δӦͱͬ͵Ϯҽһȥ
ƾԶһЩ˵Ĺ
ǣЩУԳΪһûвڵĶֻ֣ѣʲôãһɱֻȽǿ֣еС㣬ʲôʱɱһ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ǶǺɱûһûɱ¾ûѪѪȵ˼㣬ÿһ˶߶죬ײ첻ʮʮʱ䣬ʮ˾˴롣
ڴڼ䣬ûɱһˣȻҲû˹
һһκһЩ
ϧֻʮ˻ǿɶ츳֮
ˣܹ֮ɹٵж٣²һ֮Ԫڵİ£ܹʮ˶ɹ٣޷ġ
ֻŲܹԪ¡
Ѿʧʮڴܣһ֮ʮӱʱֲһȱʧ
ųȥһֵ磬ǵô
ʮһ߹ۿǶڵѪɱ¾һߵ
ǰԪĮȻ·ʮвֵһᣬûκμֵһĿһɨĿͣ˳ϣԭûκ鲨΢һ£һ˫۾򳽻ԣ·Ҫ͸һ


1198 ʮˣ2
볤ϣôˣһʵ
һʹСһʲô֣Ԫʵ
ҶԪ½Ƽġһ߳˵ȻͬܣڵĲ𣬵˺棬󾳽֮һС֮Ĳ඼Ǿ޴ġ
ŵ˵һܹɱʮڡ
ԣеλ磬һڴִܹһеλ磬ǲ࣬ڴܣǾ͸˵ˣֱÿֲݡ
šԪͷ
볤ϣҶʲôֵĵط𣿡ʵλҲԪϾܹԪˣһĵط
ϸ֪Ԫ
ţʮϣڴܵĿ˳ԵϣʱԾ͸оһĪѹϾδɹ٣ʮܡһڴܵע£ҲҪһ
ǽޣη޾壬һǰԪ˵Ŀ£Ҳη壬˵׷ɱ
ҲʮϷ֮κҪɱԣܹȻ˵һ˵ĹҲ֣Ȼܹͬһʱˡˣ˵Ĺֵûˡ
ʵ
ʮϲܣֻǳڣһҲ˹ؼ
̵ְǲ֪ܷ㵽ˡԪ˵
㲻ˡһ˵
ʱƣһյʱ䣬ֻʣ˾ʮˡ
ֻһֻܻʮˣҪʮ
ɱ
˴ʱֻҪһɱһ˽ͳˣȴޱȼѣΪʮ˶ǿڣսǿԵǲʤҪɱͬ׶֣ѣǻս
һ˲УһҲ䲻ĳ֣ʱ򣬾ͬʱһ֣ͬ߳ⱻֻһ
ɲǹԣ
и
ͬʱȻҲǿ߶ԳԳ֣ҶǴͨʮ֮еĴи˵·ӡ
Ԫʮ϶һĻ
ˡ
ʵҲֻǿߣǿΨһ
̫ƻδܹ̣˺γ룿
ʮۣУѾˡ
Ԫ˫ĿߣҲóԶ㲻ܸоﲻԾ
ৣ
ԳˣжһڳֻһͱһˣһһˣóԳ֣˵Ľ־Ѿעˣ˺ɱ
ǽͣ
ʮ϶΢΢һһ¶˵ޣ콾Ǹ콾
ͬ޵еĳƺţǽޣͬ߶Ķ֣˵Ǹ콾Ϊ
صþȻ֮
ǺǣȻǽޣҪʮ֮еһҲϣ󡣡
Ԫ·ûڳϵĻһעӳԣ˵ҲܹҲһ

ʮϳԾû뵽Ԫ˿شӡ
ŰɡԪ
ৣ
ͬʱԱһˣһˣ˳ȥսⱻΧҲмҪɱԣϾҲֻٶȿһ㣬ֻҪΧһϵ⣬׸

ˣԶɱݺĻսǼ׷飬ʩչֹǵжȴȣʮһؾͽˣҺɱǼ
Ԫ
齣ն£ռϯ˼ϣͣʱٶȴ󽵡
ã
õĻܵôŹ̳֣أһ˲䣬ǿ߾ͱɱ֧飬ʬǲȫ
ֶΡ
Ԫ̾һ
˼ܣƻý赶ɱˣС
ٶȣǹӶǿҲгߵĿܡ
ǰ볤Ͽصˡ
ʮۣ˳Ԫƨ
ৣ
ͬʱʮɱˣĿⶼ˳ϣһ˵λʮˣǺɱһЩ˰ɣ
ٺ٣Ϊʲôǲɱ㣿
ҲҪ
ɱ㣬ɱˡ
ʮ궼ԣɱ¶Ƕ˳ԵĽƻٶȿ죬ǿϣ˶ǵв̫ˡ
ɱҡԳЦ˵
ৣ
һƽʮ꣬ɫ䣬һ֣飬ը಻Եٶһ㣬һӾͶǵĹ˱λãЦΣ
ã
һͬ˳һ£Ҳͷͬˡ
ãҳˡ
Գ齣̤齣һɨԪ򵽶ֵϣٶȴ󽵣Ȼֻһ˲ڳ˵Ѿ㹻ˣۣһ˲䣬ͱʮɱˡ
ˡ˵ԭڼ䣬˱ɱ
ৣ
˲Ҳȥ㵽أҪӵһȻֻǵһ֣ڳÿһ˶пûԸǰôһ˿Ļᡣ
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ

ɱһˣԵ
ɱʮһۣĿ䵽˳ϣɱ¶һʩչͨԣֻһЦৣֻǼһͼ嵽ǰһ˱롣
˽Ե
ˣʮ˾һ㶣򳽻Ե񣬶һ˿ɵ
һɱһǿߣֻи콾ܹģ𾪣Ϊ˭û뵽֮лһ콾Ĵ̫ˣǿ֮ϣţܹսڴܵġ
ܺáԪͷ˵
ʮû˵̬

ԪһӣڽǶϿյĹɢȥ˵һؽտʼһأҲ˵֮ʮˣֻнһúܰɡ˵꣬Ŀ˳һۣȥˡ


1199 ʮˣ3
˳
һ̣˶ԼĶֶһƣв˶ԼУǱڵĴС
ڹȻڱġԪıӰȻȻûпԼʵʵҲ֪ԼһǿߣԲ⣬Ŀֻһ
ֻ֮ǰԱ뽫Ľ׽־ףֻˣŻ٣ĻõһĴڴܵİ¶ɹ٣ͻڣʵףҲԲǿ
ҪҪǿǳԵĽ
һҹ̣ܶڳԵ˵Ҳһҹ
Լܹ𣿡
ʮеͷ
ڶ졣
ʮƽ̨ϣǶѾʧһԯŴ
ԪԼʮѾ̫գҫķԵʮ˱ֱվǹ
ĿˡԪ˵Ҫĺܼ𣬽ԯţ̵ʱڴסԪֻҪǰʮˡ
ǡ
ʼԪһӣ֨һԯŴ򿪣һƬհף·һ磬ԵʮûκγɣչȫٶȣԯţৣԴ룬ԯţǰ޾ڰ֪ж೤
һʹ

ʱвҽǰʱһ޺ֻһ˫˫ɺ˫ĿһԶԺһǰһ޴ĺӰ֮⣬һ߾׺ݵĿܣޱȡ
ɱ
˴ȣ˲ҽУҲ
ⲻһѪսȴһɱ¾ڵ㡣

һ㣬ϯ齣˫ﲻƣûκֹܹǿǿߵĿҲ룬֮ڶѪ䣬ʬڽţһжԵ飡
ڰ翴ޣʵޣ·ûоͷһ㡣

ֹԴҲ˴޾ڰ֮˰֮С
ãǾ
ǰ˲֪ɻ󣬵ɫһ䣬о޾ջ˾磬Ҫҡ飬ջһջ󣬲ˣߵ飬Ӱ־ҡ
һݣͻΪһ
ʥ
ʥʹҲǾ񹥻ξߵ飬һвõһ棬ɱ¾а񡢷ŭһи˳Եľ磬նգﶼ·
ˣˣˣˣ
궼ܵӰ죬־ȶģоԼĽ־
ͻ׽־ˣ
Դϲ
̵־ջȶԼľ飬һиӰ죬ڴʥĸ֮£ڳԵϳ˸߽ࡢһиҪ𣬱
ۣ
ɻԻˣֻĽ׽־δͻף׽־ʸ
ৣ
ٶȼӿ죬۵糸С
ԵֵסջҲֵܹס޷ջģ鱻ۻ࣬ʴ־ݣͬһʬ⣬ȴǵľʹࡢȥ
ৣ
һƽ·̡
ڳԵǰˣǶʮ֮еǿߣʮԱҪһ
ħôħ
ͻȻǰһ
ħ
ħԾԲİһ˽⣬ϤĪ޷ħħ֮еľǳԾԲġ
ûãǳȥ
ˣ
һڳԵľ۳һɫӰͷ˫ǣģªͷɢ·࣬ɢһɱħӴϢһħרŹߵľ磬ݡ
࣬Ұɣ
ħڳԵľ﷢źһħϯǹɻաĶɿ߲ܿƵ۷Ĥݣ·Լκεһ㡣
ҲħĿ֮
ǰħ޷ħֱǲһ֮һħĳ˵ֱǴһ˽־˵ҹȥ磡

ħҽһɢʧ˳Եľ硣
ৣ
ûħӰ쳽Եٶȴһȣʱһ޷ݵħˣ綼Ƕҡ֮һϤޱȵĹЦԶʱɫһ䣺޷죿
ԣû뵽㻹ǵñħ𣿡һ޴ħӰ˳Եľ·̹ž񣬿ٵһ㣬ܣ޾ħͺħ񣬿µ˼㡣
޷죬ԸоԽԽǿˡ
Ӧ˵޷ԭͺΪ½͵͵λԵʣ޷콵ٳԵľ磬ܵ޴ѹƣʵӲ֮һ񳽻Եеλ棬޷ܵѹƾûôˡ
ԣû뵽㾹Ȼеλ磬Ҫ޷ħո㰡޷˵
ҵ̤ʯȾ磬Ե־ȻﵽһֲĵزŶԴħ⣬Ӱ죬ôԱǿʮٱ޷ҡ־
޷Ҳܣ
ܹоõ־ǿˣƿ޷һƳԵ״¶˽ƻľ˵ô벻׽־ңĤңҾܹͷ
ȻҪ׽־ҲԲ᳼㡣˵
Ϊʲôħħħ綼ܹҵǿĴڣΪβħ𣿡޷˵ԣ֪ܣҪҲ磬𣿡


1200 ʮˣ4
ʲô𣬵ɿ˿˵Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ٺ٣ôԣеλ磬ħȻѹƵǧ֮һǧ֮һҲ޷ģֻҪһͷҾܹ׽룬Ҳ磬ƭҡ
޷ջ͹Ķ˵ңҾ͸㲽

ش޷ֻһĹ֣۾ͽ־޷ħ𣬽Լľ磬ص磬һȴʧˣ޷ﵽһľء
ԣɹ٣ħɵһֻ֣ڶѣʵǿ󣬶ûͽħƳľ硣޷һ˵
ô
һ̣ҲǶһ˿ŭ޷ħʵ̫ɶˣֱͺ޲ýʬΣʣĽھ쳹մ󡢸߽ࡢϢ֣ȻǴʥ
ʥڳλõ˲޷һһЦ˵ϧδﵽгɣħ𻹼ɵһ͸ɢȥɣһħ紵һϢʧ
޷ħܹôʥʧ㲻ҵĽ־ʧɱϿգ𳽻ǳ˼ɶҡبѴ棬һ·޷ն޷ħ
СӣձħҪ㳹׵׵ĳҡ޷ħ˵
ʣʣʣʣ
ڳԵľ쳹һĽʣԽ㡢̺˽һеϢɶҡ
޷ħֻƽ޾ħЮߴ쳣ǿǿᣬĵȴʮֿ£֮ͬ·һȻƣɿ¡
ǰСͬһֻϡ

޷ħ¡ӵӡŮɢһڳԵľ֮ɢͬһ㣬صⲻʹǴľ˵ĳ
ɽӣء˵־顢꣬һжɥʬΪʬ⡣
ʮֿ£޷ݡ
Σȵȸڳ֥ͬ鿪һ㣬һڱһڸߣ޷ơ
ΪޣԱܵתʣ
ԣٰɣ
޷ħͺħһ㣬޷ΥĻֻܷӣԵ־εǿκܶҡӰ죬𣺡޷죬ҳԳ㣡
ʡ
Ľ־ֵ޷ħ
٣ҳ١޷ħΰڳԵľ磬ɢããħһһоͳϣ޷ΥĳԵǿѹͷߣǲѹҪѹѹ
ڣ޷ħ˳Եľ磬Ҫѹԣ٣ԼΪ͵ĳ˵ǾԲܣ޾ķ
ˣˣˣˣ
ÿһΣԵľһһĶ־ҲԽļ㣬ȴ޷ħĸħѹģǰҪѹҲô׵ġ
ԣ㷴ˣٰɣ
޷ħͷ𾪣û뵽ԵĽ־˼ᶨԼħϳֵܹ֮ûб飬ϵ˵㷴ˣһжͽ͵ġ
ҲţҲ죡Ҳɲ޷졣ھź磬κ˶ֻܹԼſԣǿķһ̣޷춼е˼֡
ʣ
춯·һ㣬нӭ˽־Դ˵޷죬ȥɣֻܳΪͻ׽־̤ʯ
룡
Ϊħһߣ޷ħô׷ŹԣңԳ̫˽ˣǿɳģΣԶɹ٣ҪշԾ͸ˡ
Сӵ־̫ᶨˣԶҡȥ޷ħпܳΪһ̤ʯ޷ħԺͷҪףһݵĽԡ
ãԣħ־񣬵̫СˣձħҪ־Լ궼Ҫ٣޷ħ𡣡޷ħ̾һ˫һգҲСһһ˳ˡ
һΣԵһμε޷ħ
һۣĲߴ󣬵ֻһۣξԶĿ̻Ժ޷ȴ֮Уͻʮֵΰ
޷ħģÿģһͬһƤһ·˵£޷Ϥ޷ħòԾȻһ̬ĸо
޷ħ𣬳Է·𿴵һ֡һǧ֡һֻͬһۣԾ͸оʹæջĿ⣬޷ħģȴڳԵԺ֮ȥ
̫ǿˡ
ֻһۣԾͲҿ޷ħڶۣ𶯡
ɣ
޷ħվڳԵľ磬·𿴵˳ԣƽ˵ѡ񣡡
ʣ
۽־ɱ޷ħ
Ȼˣħվͳֽѹ٣ҡһƤһӣ޷ħκУͬһ̶ˮѾƲһ˿һĲħ޷ħ˾仯

仯óԴһͷƤ飬겨־ҡĤ֮⡣
ֻ޷ħԻߴ󣬶ʱһһֳֻֻܣһǧһǧֻ֣ǧǧ֣ǧͬѧ·ĺͯĻ־ꡢͷܶˡаˣһǣǧҲֲͬڵ֡֡󻬵ֵ֡ȵȡ


1201 ٣1
޷ħģһ㣬ֻһۣǧǧģڳԵԺ֮ȥһǧͷӿԵ顢꣬޷ֹأأأأ񶼷·쵽˼㡣
ã
󺧣ŵ˼㣬ȶ񣬲Լʧء
ȻһǧͷͬˮһӿԼ飬һǧ۵һֻͬһ㣬һһĻÿһÿһֻֻԵ顢־ҡһ֣ĳˡ
ຣ٣
һ̣޷ħ·һߣζ̬ɿݵָ㳽Ծޱϲ

Ծֻ־ȥˣ޷ֹ
ųԲʵ޷ħ¶Цݡ
ˣ
ǧһ֮ʣԵľһ޲޷·ϾͲӦһ㣬˵Ĺ죬ĵ
ǣ޷ħ¶˻֮ɫ

Ҳڳɻʱ۵ƣ罺Ƭطһ㣬һǧֻ֣һǧһǧڳԵԺһһ߹ֻһβһÿһֻ֣ÿһÿһʱ򣬳Ե顢ȹһ֡
ֻ
𾪣оȻо˴ֻֻصǳԲΪλᷢ飬֪ת
ֻ㾫ôֻ޷ħħ֮һ£Լ֪ˣ֣֮ѾˣҲΪˣϤһӾͷֱ˳
ֻ
޷ħٴݣٵȻƽˣ浮Ҳֻʶʱ򣬼ǵüһֻ޾Ҳûмˡ
Ȼ޾֮󣬽գٴμֻ
ˣ
һ񲨶ݳһ˲䣬ԵĽ־ͻָԭҳơ
ͻƣ
һĽ׽־Ȼͻ׽־
ֻһʹϲԼڳɾ׽־ˣ꣬ʱ䣬ŵͻƣһϲĸоԲûǴ˿̵Σ̻۽־ֻΪУ޷ħ
ֻСӣħסˣһġ޷ħһ˫˫ĿĶųԾ·ҪʲôɲʵɢȥԵľҲڰ

һ˲䣬ԻָһУӾ֮˳
һеһУ˵ھ֮У˵΢΢һ˲䣬Զˣҷһǰȥ
һ·˼ʬ塣
еˣҲ糽һսʤħġ
ৣ
ûκε谭ͨޱȣһĨǰ
һ̣һģһԯųǰԴƽ̨ϣԪʮվǰߣꡣ
ҶȻ
ʮ϶һ궼˳һۣû˵
ϲҶԪЦеĿ򳽻ԣ˵
ҲֻǽҶѡ˵һվһԡ
šԪͷ
һյȥ½½ԯ߳ÿһɫ԰ף˥˼㣬ϵϲ֮ԱǳɹˣҲζǻΪԪڵĵӣ٣޳ɹ򣬳ɾ
ৣ
ʮ˳ԯʱѡνˡ
ۣ
ԯɢҲûһ߳Զʮ˶ˡ
ϲǣǾϷǰԪݼԪ˵
ǡӦ
ৣ
նϣԪԼʮǰԵʮں󷽡
ʱ˲˽Ԫڡ
̫ˣ
һţ˵һ޳ǶΪԭΪˣǰԪڱֱнһ
վϿգһȥԪڶ༸ʮΰׯϡȴʶ޷ǰԪڣ𺳵Ļ봦Ĵƣ·ֱͥ
ֻǿһۣĤ֮У¡
һִƣ
⣬Ըо·һ㣬Լ˼룬һͷ⹬᲻ͨһһرɴС
ͷһ֣Ծ;ԽпܣϾԪһĴе綼вСӵһͨıҲ˵ùȥֻûͨһģϾԻܽͨȫӳ
˷һŹͨǰƲĹ·ͥһ
ԪԼʮ϶һ£ԹЦ
ʮ˼ˣҲҶԣؾصĸں󷽡
һ䵽һϣ򹬵ڹڶû˵շУԪǴ󲻾һ򹬵߶վһɫ׵ʿΪ
ܣͳ˸Ϊ
򵥵ĻһۣԾ͸оԪڵʵɲ⣬Ⲣ֣Ԫƿسλٸ½еλҲƿʮеȴ½Ԫ½ΪԪڵĴӪȻǿ
ǰʿǿһɫΪоžŰʮһػڹķлоڴΪͳ죬һֻӷɽҪ֣⻹µģµڰе
ǿ
ǳԶԪڵһ۵жϡ
ƿٸλ½еλ綼һĴڣһ㣬Ͳһ˿Υġ
ͨţʮˣڶһֳݵ·һִƣ޷⣬жһһƣԪڵƣҲǼλԪơ
£


1202 ٣2
ûмλԪԾ˸У˾ԲԿġ
ǽͣ־޷Ťת־λԪҲ޷ҡ־飬ݵһͱԵ־ĥˡ
Ľ׽־ͻ׽־Ȼʵ٣ԵĽ֮ȴǸǿ󣬸Ӽᶨˣʵ޷ġ
ֻһ·ɷ·߹һһ㣬˵鶼ܵϴӡ
й۲죬Էʮһ˵ж¶˳羴֮⣬ͺǳȥԼľһ㣬һ֪ԼĽ־ûܹͻף㲻ݣҪҡ顣
ʮֿ£
ԼӦøл޷ħŶԡ뵽޷ħʵҲ˸̵⣬ͨǰǿĴڣǿ裬ɲħ
ڳŵʱһ˹֮ǰ
Ԫ
Ԫʮ϶һ𾴣ǰһһݡ
ݼ
ˣԵҲһݡ
볤ϣ룡һ߳ʾԪ˽빬

·һ㣬Ե˸Ԫ̤ţС࣬еֻǳ羴
ڣһɫվʮϣŮϷһһģˣһͷڣ񣬷֬񣬷·һ㣬û飬ȴһ·Ц·ƽ·
ݼ
Ԫٴһݣʮ˼ҲҵҲٴһݣǶû뵽Ԫڵƹܳλٸ½磬еλһĴڣֻһꣿ
ȴ֪ȻƿԼͣԼ껪ϣһģߣΪԪ޶ˣ
һ֣ʵǿߣǿһֱԼ״̬ǰԪһ
ҾԪɣϲǳΪԪڵӡԪɵһϸ֮УκεУȴ˲оܣ·Կ˵һ㡣
˵֮󣬱ھͻһǣͬʱڳǶ٣ֻҪǳɾͻΪԪڳϣÿһʮƷһƷ޾ҩ伮ʹ͡
лʮ˰ݵ
ˣȥɣպ볤ϻᰲǶ١˵
ǡʮ˹ȥ
볤ϣǵݶ𣿡ʵ
ģʮ֮гҶ֮⣬һԪǰһ˵ҶԪ½Ƽģ˲Ԫ½һڵĵӣֻڳΪڵ֮ǰʮΣ·ƾճԪ½һ
Ԫ½ˣʵ
ǡԪ
ǿɲʲô𣿡ʡ
ûСԪ˵Χ֮ڣûҶˣһ½ˡ
Ŷɳһ£˵һվɰɣ
ǡԪ
ջ۾͹ԪƽĶɹ졣
һգʤԪ½£еĲ֪֮еλһ꣬ɱȳλʮ꣬ߵλ͸Ӳˡ
գԪʮ˴Ԫ޾ɽ֮УƣȪ٣黨һٻޣʤɾ
룬һ֮سǰоžŰʮһʯÿһСҪ˺ϱ̻˹֣֣ɽͼƣХ·軭һϵ续һ㡣
ʯ棬ʮ˶ܹоƴϢһԳɵϡ
Ҳڹעֻһۣͷ֮Ǿÿĸʯ֮ƣ·һСһ
׽٣׽
ܿ죬ԾȷʯϵϢ֮УϢȻٵϢһģһģŨѾγһеҲ˵ɽ١

ʱһӰʯȺ֣֮ʮˣһ⣬ڴܡ
ܿ죬ʮ˷ʮ飬ÿһռһʯˣһĶǵܣֻ붴ֲݣ̺Ȼ
ܲӵе򣬱ȹǿ󡣡
ʮ˶֮еٮٮߣȻһ۾ͷֱˣǱȹǿ򣬺νҲ磬Ӱ죬ԳһЩС磬С粻ͬ
֮֮У߾ܣ컯ָ֣ǿޱȣһ㣬һȣˣһ£ܶʩչ
ֻʮڴܶʩչǾ˵ҪӦͬСɡ
Ƿ֮󣬾ͽ룬٣λԻǶɹȥɣԪ˵
ৣৣৣৣ
ʮжһһ븹Уû˵һ֮Уڴ롣
ʼ
һ˲䣬ʮ϶ȣˣһ˲䣬ʮ˶ͷųԼϢ죬һڹڴһεһ㣬
¡¡¡¡¡¡
һ˲ʮ˸ʯϿճ˹һһ¡
ˣ
ͬʱҲͷųϵľˮ硢ףֹ⣬γһ⻡ͬʱ׽־ʶ˶㣬ںһ𣬾ͬĺˮһ㣬㸲¡


1203 ٣3
ʲô
һ̣ӳԵڴܶ¶֮ɫһ˵׽־־찡ӼֱϷƽһˣҪ֪Ϸ򵱳Ҳֻ־Ľʶѡ
֮⣬˷߾̾˵ѾڴˣһõͻԵ
ȻԴܹ֮гɶʮּѣοǽɣֱǲ󡣡ڶҲͷ˵ҳ˷֮⣬ϷоһֻϢʮֵ׷ֱ
ϷҲоˣ֣֣ʵ֡һ˵֣ȴ¶֮ͬɫǻͷһμ񳽻Ľţעӳԣ·Ҫһ
ԪҲһעӳԡ
ǲδǲҲãҾͷˡվĵʯ룬ԭǱЩ߿ȴԼ̫ˣǱģһжҪ
ˣ
һ˲䣬ԵϢʹﵽ˶壬ڵҲãǧ˿Ƶ֫ٺʣɢһɽϢͺһ㣬ʮأ䣬һӣԵͻ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ٽˡ
һʼףһһһ򳽻ԣأֻǳԵ̫ǿˣںʯ֮壬вΪγʯ鲻ʣֱ޼᲻ݡ
ȻҲֻ֪ǿθ˶ѣپҲڴ֮ɫˡ
һŵ컯󾳽Ӧо˼Ҳ޿ɺǣһͻԪټĵرĻʮ궼ûпܡ
ʮǶ೤

ң󾳽֮УȻϲ£Ҳеλã磬ߵȡеȡλ涼һǿˡ
굽ʮʱ䣬ҲһӴˡ
⣬޳Գ磬µĵطһ㣬ǵѪ򵥵˵һܱʬΣֻҪһѪܹ»һ㡣
ҲΪһ类Ϊ˼һߣܹͬһ
ԣһǼɱģҲɱ취ǽܻһѪʣûбȶָ߳һǺģ֮ͬɱ֮𣬶֮ޣҲѰε
һ磬С֮ĲҲǼģһڴȫ׾ٵɱһܣҲڴܹһеԭںܶˡ
ԣɹ٣ˣܹӵ굽ʮԪܣӵԪֻҪɱûһȻ
ɾ
ҲǳԵĿ꣬ӵпƳԪΪѰʵҲֻдﵽԲĻᣬػԪ
֮⣬һͻͿһеλ磬γԼѰҲ硣
ȷʵѶɣҳз֣֮һĲ׿̸Ļɲ֣ҪԲԶҪɹʮּѡ
¡¡¡¡
ϿգХϼ䣬ͻ䣬һˮͰϸ˺Ѷ£⻹ɢֱҪһͬ٣ԵɢϢȴǱʮһ˵ǿֹ
⻹ֻǳڣ³Եٻǿ
һĻɫһ䡣
ǿ
УķҶǱԴӾõ˶ĻԵȻܹͬʱУ
̫ˣ̫ˣ⻹ֻǸտʼѣ󣬴ӵٿ޷Ϸ˲ֵ֪ܷס
Ϸһۣ˱˴еǣԪһԣ΢˵٣Ҳ֪ӵܡҪ֪ÿһ˵ٶоأȴ߱йء
һ˵־ԽǿߣԽܹɹ٣ǵٶʮǿţ콾٣޷
Եپˣ˷֮⣬вɢϢγǿ˺绡ǧӺУֱֲ߶߶γǿػڳϣ١
Ȼиռ䣬һռѷ죬ֳɫͰɫɫʣγǿķɫ綴һ򳽻ԣ䣡ض·һķ
أ
һ죬䵽Ĵϣķ𣬳ڲе齣ɢԽĽ羪İݡ
һعˡ
˿֪⻹ֻǿθֲĻں档
ڶأ
罣ͨ彣ƣγһ磬ǧݺᣬ̧ͷϿգֻɫɫɫɫɫɫ⻷ۣںһγһˮͰֵ߲ʹ׽ڻۡ
һǷ׽٣ڶн٣СġҲһ࣬һλ˵ԣٹŽ񺱼Ϸ˶δѶɲԶԼҪСġ
λˡ˵
ž
߲ʹ£Я׽ƺƵӾᣬһ£صһĴϣ𶯣ֲƣĴ߶һ˫ж¶֮ɫǿ
ž
ڳԵ׽ӿ֫ٺ磬糴һѪⷢȣѪ·ȼգһɹɰ̴ͷðֳɫĹʣǳϢʮֵĿֲɫ䡣
ӵʣԶƲסĲ׽ϴ壬һ˲䣬͸обԴﵽг۷壬ֻһͿͻƴˡ


1204 ٣4
ã
̾һҲûзɾ裬̧ͷ죺ʲô
ˡ
һɺƴĿռϯ
ռ
Ĵ϶һ
ռ׽٣
Ԫ¶ȣ˵ӾȻռ䱾Դгɣ
ˣˣˣˣ
ͬʱڳԵڣռ䱾Դںɢ⣬ϿյĿռ׽γɶӦԵĿռ̺˽־һй٣Ҳˡ
ԣռһռ׽ٵͼһ֡

ռ׽ٶʱϯ£ûκʱΪ𣬿ռΪռ֮ڿȫԿռ䣬ܵ򶼿ԺԣֱԼϣ仰˵ҪƾԼɹ١
һ£Ĵ϶ɫ䣬һԵԪҲǸֳһ˿졣
ռ
ɲ츳ʵ˿ɵģԪڣռĴڣҲָһ⣬ǶǿڣԪԶҪռѾٻɳԵǱ
ռ׽٣١
׽־ʶԴ߶˼£ʯ鲻Ҳˣķǽ㣬ذ䣬ͬһ񽣣ˣռ׽ٳԶҴ⡣
ۣ
ռ׽ټռʱҴܣһһ㣬˺ҧɳĽҪƽ⳽Ե壬óԲһֱ˺ҧĸоʮֿɲѹơ
֣
޾ļ֡

Ȼһƴ˴ֱɿռ׽ٵ壬Ϊãˣʱڿռ䱾Դ춯ͬͯһֳɳһ˲䣬ʹﵽг۷塣
ؿռٽ
ɵĶɹ˿ռ٣
ϺԪ˶첻ѣԳ棬ɵĶɽ٣ǻͷһμҪ֪ǿռٰ
򳽻ԣɻ󣬲Է·δȫעӭӵ٣һط׽٣ڶн٣ؿռ٣ϲĻؾӦǲˣ
ڵȴ
ĴҲ̧ͷ죬鲻ʱֻһȦɫԳͷϿɢˣһɫⲨϯ򳽻ԣ϶ɻѣʲô
ʲôԪҲɻ󲻽⡣
ֻгԼ֪ǲ׽ǲ׽١
ڲ֮£һнҪʧɢȥĴڣ࣬Ҳһ㣬ơ
䣡
Ⲩͷ֮ϣأһ֮ϢȻ˳ϣصһֻһɫ⻡ϯɢһﶼϢ
Եʯ鲻壬ڸҲɡ
أ
ôһ£Ծ͸оԼгɲ౾Դһ
ʲô٣
ˣԪ϶ɻˡ
ʲôأ
ûȥע·δţ̧ͷϿգסСռ䡢࣬ʲôһ㣬Ԫ˶֪
¡
ͻȻϿոָȫʧһƬհףûаơû̫ûǳûʲôûУ֮ϣܲһ˿һϢ·綼һ㣬Ԫ˶ɲ⡭
ô£
ҲɻˣʧڣռӦôڲŶԣôʧҪ֪û˿ռûأضʧˣ˴ĪǾǵ٣԰ɡ
ˣ
ֻһɾɫĹ£飡飡ֻһ˫޴ʯ˫ųϿգʯʹȥһаɸߵʯ˳Ͽգһ˫ɫͫףһֻʯìȥƽ棬ʯìϣȴоһǿϢ
ʯ壿
Ԫϼʧ¶֮ɫһ߻Ȼ˵ѹҹ۴ǿޱȣԭʯһѪ
ʯһѪ壬õĻԵõһʯܵľѪ߱ʯһʣڶٵʱй©ʯһ׽١ڶ߷˵
š߶΢΢ͷȻͬ
ʯһܵľѪдԵ˰ԪҲ˵
ʯ飿ͬһʱҲ¶ɫû뵽ԼپȻ˵еʯ壬ͻȻˣΪԼʯѪԵʣʯѪʯ龫Ѫ֮ȻȻ;߱ʯһеʡ
Ӹ˵ѾǴˣǽʯ֮䡣
ԣٲţŻʯһ١
߾
ʯаɣֳʯìɫͫɢɫâͬ򳽻ԣһ߳ʯìһӣݺݵĴ򳽻ԣ¡¡ס硢սĵ쳹ء
һì·ǳóһֱĸо޷ӱܣ޷·һìҪ̵塣
˸о˵Բ
ȣ
ǽֻͣһǰû˺һȣ齣¶ӭȥ̺׽־ʣгԵĽʯһ㲻ɶҡ޼᲻ݣݺӭʯì
ͬʱҲûţ߶򣬴ֹ򣬻ʯì飬ָĹʯìϣһ˲䣬ʯìͷ಻ľ죬ʯì𶯣ƲֺĴ򳽻ԡ
ĹҲǱȥ˴롣

ʯìͽײһһԱ̻һѤãһʯìѣɢ
壬ȱѪ
˭֪ʯ龹Ȼû˿Ķҡһŭȣڵĸһȭ򳽻ԣ¡¡·һȭһڵһ㣬ɸߵˣݣҪһȭԡ


1205 ٣5
ʥ
ɽ

һȭɫһ˿仯·һ㣬û˿ԥһͨͱʩչ˳ŭɱڴʥʯһȭ
⣬ĴҲЭʯ顣
أأأأ
һ֮Уʯ鱻ˣȴٴι˹Ҫһ㣬˵ûֻһʯˡ

ʯ屾һ壬ʯͷɣԣǻۣǵԣΪˣǲױɱһǿʯ壬Գʩչ˴һʽͨǰͨҪ
ɣ޾ɣ
ٶɵأԵѾ߱һ˿ܵʣڰ벽ܣȻûγ򣬵ʵǿ٣ʩչͨҲǸǿСټĽǿ¡
꣡
һ죬ʯѺۣԵȣɣˣʱһɹʯе壬̸оԼʵǿ󣬾ͬһˮףһһװ
⣬̫ˡ
Դϲǿɽһ޴İ
ɹˣ
һһۣһ򳽻ԣһ˿壬ҲԽĺϾʯѪɲô׵õġ
ǰ;Ԫ򳽻ԣ˵ôһ䡣
ǵأ֪ʲô٣϶̧ͷ죬Ŀ¶ɻ󣬶ڳԵľ٣ǶжϣʵԤϡ
ػʲôһںһ壬ȫעһ壬һ壬һ̣κﶼ޷Ӱ쵽ģУֻжɽ١
⣡
⣡
ĽϿգһڿԼĽ˳ͷϿգɢ貵˼£⺣Ľ⣬ʣ֮ľĽХ׺硢
٣
Ԫ𾪣ŵĿ򳽻ԣһ˵ȻǧѵһĽ٣ӵĽﵽľأȻضݣҪ
ǰ֮УǾͽɣٵʱҲûгֽ٣ӾȻ˽٣һ˵˵ֻͽﵽ֮ٵʱŻ½٣ӵĽ޷󡣡
̫ˡ
ٴζݣԪҲһԾ˵ͣǾ˫ͣһΪˣԲŻн٣ҲΪˣűݣֻǲ֪ܷɹ
ǿԵ٣Ԫ˴۽磬Ϊٳǰķ׽١н֮⣬ֵ٣Ƕδ
ͱʯ˵ǲӦóϵ٣پ͸ӿ£ǧѵһ٣޷Ҫ֪ǧ꣬ǰߵȡеȡһǧ꣬λжˣû֪
ˣһǧ궼ѵüһΣԿԪĵˡ
ô
ֱ罣ϽϢƵݣͬһԽ٣費
ʲôǽͣ
η޾壬һǰǽͣ콵½ٸҲûʲô˵飬ΪûκˣֹܹĽŲ
ʣ
һֱ񷣬ƺоɵĽϿգ϶ն򳽻ԣض룬·ҲҪһΪ
һӵеĽԣ޼᲻ݡ޲ƣûκδֹܹһ
ã
϶һ䣬߶͵ֵȥأһ죬Ĵڴܵδһһֱ˺ǵأϾ𶯣˳ȥ
ʲô
Ԫɫ䣬Ҳɫһ䣬Ϊϵ˺ѣΪǶδǱһݻٵġ
ۣ
϶һѪԶųԣһ˵ǽ٣ǲܰ⵽ϽĴݻ١
֮ϣ飬֮֮֮񡢿ռ֮ȵȣΨûн͵޷Ӵ˵ܶɽ٣Ҳ˽ܺ͵ܵϡ١һ겻ѵ˵Ҷӭ٣²ô׶ɹġ
⽣ֻܿԼˣԸܹɹҲΪĽܡ

϶վԶۡ
ҲãԼ⽣ٰɣҲǰƣ⽣ٲͬǰķ׽١н١ռ١١ʯ٣һ˲֣ͻ⵽ϽĴֻܿԼɡ
ʣ
纣ХһĽ쳹ϿյĽӦৣ罣һӭ˾ɽ
ն
һȣ齣ն˳ȥ
ۣ
ɲǣһһ죬ɢԲ죺ô
ʣ
ȻٲôɽһɢڳԵͷϿٴĽһ󡢸ǿҫ۵Ľ֣ɽ塢һ㣬оʮɳЯ˺Ƶն򳽻ԡ
һ
һһУһ齣·һ壬鳽ҲںϣԳһ壬Ծ齣齣ǳԡ
꣡
һ֮󣬽죬һжʧ
һ
̧ͷ죬ͨ彣䣬ૣأˡһƺƵĽ쳹һӾ޴Ľ֣оŰپʮɣЯϷ֮ն򳽻ԣһն£Хһͨ졣
ۣŰپʮɽ£֮Կգһж⵽һ䵽˳ͷ齣ϣ䣬ƺƵͬ󺣣ϯķ۴գһжΡ
飡
һ̫ˣ·һ㣬óԶҪ齣Ĥݡ


1206 ٣6
ضҳο٣ƣ־ᶨǿͣɶҡبŲκ޷ҡҲܣοѾû˽
ۣ
һ罣һ㣬Űپʮɽɢ
ʲô
һԪ˶ݡ
Ȼӵֵסˣ̫ˡ
ǰȻδɹ٣򣬵ʱڶ޷ֿ
ɣ
Ҳ𺧣˫жǾۣԪֶ鶯ݣ˵Ѿ߱սڴܵʵǿǸ콾
콾
һۣĬȻ콾֮еţ콾֮е콾һ亱ÿһǾ춯أӰشƶпܣⶼΪӵӾϵĲ࣬췥
ɣԾǸ콾
Ȼϣ϶֪ʵǸ콾һɹ٣ɾڣʵ
ˣ
һӴĺĳӡսĵĽХֻһͷĽ˳Ͽգ֮УɢԨƺĽϢ·ʱոһеû˿ֹ
һǧŰپʮɣ
µ˼㡣
ʣ
齣Ϊһ壬˽һ壬׽־ʴ߶Ϸ֮һ㣬ʣݵһᴩأֱ񷣬羭죬һһǧŰپʮɽϡ
ˡ
һʱֻһɺƺƵĽͬһϯذ˷ʮأۣĸ޴ʯ𶯣ҡΣ·Ҫһ㣬һɽϢһ֣ѹʮһ˵ơ
̫ˣ
ԪԼһɳ϶¶֮ɫӶ˼
أ
ֻҡ˺˾žŰʮһһ˫齣һʣ뽣һ壬ٴն˳ȥۣһǧŰپʮɽϣһ˷ɢˡ

ʱһա
ɹˣ
Ծϲ֣֮ɫơ
ɹˣ
Ԫ˶ŵĿųԣ˿µĽٶǰɹˡ
ˣ
û˿ԥԴ߶౾Դ壬ָһͷڷ޷Զվĸʯ룬ͷ·һϵ񽣣չ¶ԼĹâҫеλ硣
ųԣԪ˶΢΢ݡ
ৣ
һۣ䵽ĸʯ֮ϣȴĳ˵λϣȥɣҵ볣˲ݣǰﲻҡ
ã
ɲĿ˳һۣǼʶ˳Ե٣»ЦԲѣ⻰ȴǵͷ˳ȥûа취Ե̫죬Ѿǵ֪
֪ʲô
Ԥϡ
ϵۣ򳽻ͷϿգǧ٣ʲôûм˵ûκܹǵע⣬ȴһ⣬һˡ
ԪҲˣԭΪ˼ʶһ³Ե٣Ȼûʧ
ٻʲô޷ħ𣿡
ԱֱվԶԶȥͬһ񽣣˫ٵ˽֪һЩģһؾħ٣ҲΪħ٣ҲѶɵһ֮һԳвŲ²⡣

غȻ·һ㣬Ļ죬ַԲǧ
¡¡
Ԫ𺧵ĿУһһ৶һ㣬·ϫֻһɫ֣·볽ͷϿǧ˻
ǡ
һ˲䣬Ԫ˶ɲ
ǣ
Ҳɻ󲻽ͼ¼ͺɫӣֻǣͼ¼תɫ嵽ͼ¼Ͽգ·ϴ¡ʱԾһ𣬷·ʧȥһ㣬Ļ档
Щ۵һ֣һֳ齣ɱĻ棬ǳ֮ǰڱһĻ
۵ƵһڳϣԺ֮šڣɱ죬λ棬еλ龰ͺһֻһ㡣
ֻأֻأѵپֻؽ٣Բϵ߶˵ôһ仰
ˣ
·ڻӦһ㣬ڵֻȻ춯ᴩ塣
ֻأ
ʲôֻأ
˵һϲֻأ
һ괺ﶬֻأ
ԵΪˣҲֻأ
ֻأ
١ֻؽ٣
ֻأֻأҴ˿̶٣֮䣬ֺγֻأԿͼ¼Ŀ䵽˺ɫϣѾ֪ںӾǴ˵еĻȪӣ֮󣬾ǾһֻأΪˡ
ৣ
ԻһȪӡ
Ҫʲô
·ϴʧɫ
ȪӣλϣǴ˵еĻȪӣʱһԵԪһ͵˵ӵپȻִ˵еĻȪӣ⾿Ϊʲô
Ȫӣ϶һ㶣ʧ˵У֮ĻȪӣ
Ԫһ϶˵Դˡ
˻
϶ڴܣ꣬ʲôûмʲôϡûһţɫ䣬¶һŵ飬һһȪӣǴ˵еĴڰ
˵У̤ȪӾһжʧҶѵ֪𣿡һϼԳȪʱʧɫ
ɣ
Σգס
ˡ
һֻһۣͼԳ˻Ȫ֮УټʱԪ˵볤ϣҶ˰ɣ
⡭ԪҲһ̧ͷȥͼ¼ͻȪӻδʧɲ˵ǿٻδʧ


1207 ٣7
ѵҶûһϵ
յ˵ҶˣӦʧǣϾӦ֮ѾˣٲδʧҶţڵȻҲܲһϳ˵
˵ĲڵȷʵܲһȪӣޱߺڰ֮Уⶼʲôķ֣Ԫˣ·Ϊһˡ
Ҫȥ÷š
ֻʱоһµȻĪֻˣһڣȻҲ춯ȻֻȪڵֻӦ
ʱԾɲ⡭
鷢ˡ
ڳԵľ֮УֻȻתֻ֣Ȫڵֻգ壬оһ㣬ԸӾˡ
ˣ
ֻСɡ
ʲô
𾪷ǳϲԼ޴ֻֻ꣬һȥһֱ䷨ǶԴֻžˡ
ֻʮ֮ͨУλĴڣ󣬻δͻСɵʱ򣬳ԾƾΪԴֻ˾ͷħʥΪɹһ٣ֻСɣڴһս
һڳͷ
ǰѹҪɹѾ֪پֻؽ٣
ֻؽ٣ضֻأҲֻأֻء
񣬳ֻѾǴﵽһ˶޷ﵽľأ־˾ܶҪյģֻֻֻ̫ˣλ磬ֻ˶֮١
ɴ˿󳽻ԵõĻԵ
Ȼⶼ˴ֻĻҲֻؽ٣Ϊģֻ
ͨһ
ֻһͷ˻Ȫ֮Уֻͼ¼֣ͼ¼Ҳһֻأ㣬ֻأȪศɣȱһɡ
ֻأֻأ
·ûһ㣬֪ȥ೤ʱ䣬Ծͺһ㣬־Խᶨ
磬ͼ¼ֻȪӣ󺣣һ޾ֻǿһۣԪ˸оԼҪУֻأ·һ㡣
ڻȪӣԪ˶ֻ˵һ޾Ĵ˵Ǽٶ֪ǶóȻжֻܵȴ
ˣ
һյʱȥһɢͼ¼ʧȪҲ¶ϲ·ʽټ

һԾͳԪ˵С
ʲô
Ƕһû뵽ԾȻʲô鶼ûС
ڰʲôأ
ȴûйעԪˣ䵽ĸʯ룬̧ͷ죬ѹÿһضΣޱȣвͻɥȪѾóֻ֮Уǵڰأھأ
ʱʮһ˶ѾĴڴܵİ¶ɹ٣ɾڣÿһ϶¶ɫһζǿ򳽻ԣ
ҶȻûжɹֻˡ
ʵȻǿ󣬵ٿɲöɵģûдǻܹɾ
ôİɣ
ʮһ˶ЦԳԼЦ
סڣ
Ԫɫһ䣬һȣĿһɨʮһˣʮһûûͻ֪ԪǿĿⶼһ񵨺ĸоҶӡ
볤ϣô£
ʮ϶ǰǿһվʯ֮УûĴϵİʱɻѣһ˳Ѱʡ
Ҷٷͬһ㣬˵ѵһΪѾɹǰǵڰˡԪ˵
϶ͷ˵ϷڴˣΪɽ١
ʲôʮ⻰ǴһԪ˵ĻĿⶼ䵽˳Եϣ˵һ仰ˣʮһ˵ۣʲôн٣׽٣ռ٣ʯ٣нٺͷ׽ҲͰˣôû˵
֪һϺǳһ䣬˵ڶϷ򰲾͹ȥ
һ⻰ʮһ˶ʱҴһˡ
ˣ
ͷϿڳһ˿仯ɫɫɫɫʳ֣γһɫ⻡϶ֶ£ɫһ䣬Ҫֵķ֣κʹ񹥻ûá
ôԾ
ˣ
޷֮ɫɫɫɫ⻡˳ԵͷʱԷԼȻãʧȥ˶Ŀƣ·ֻʣһ꣬ʱһ
һ̣Ծŵð
ɶҡبŲĽ־Ȼһһ˥ˣ·һˣһ
⡭Ծסˣ˫Ŀг˾֮ɫӿֲĻں棬顢궼һ˥һӣ͸оԼ˼꣬ǧ꣬һΣˡ
ô£
ԪԼʮϿųԣҲоϵϢ˾춯صı仯ʱ¶˾֮ɫʲô٣Ȼܹߵľ־
Ԫһ𺧣;ͷƤҪ֪ΪҪľǾ־꣬ȱһɣһ֣㲻ҲǷһǿߣֶ˥ǲô
ʮһҲ첻ѣǶ츳ߣһɹ٣ɾܣ˺ܶǰ׵ĵȻҲ֪˳ٿƿֲԼıֱͲһ
Ƕһ²ؼ߸߹̬ͷЦһˣ˵Ҳһô
־˥ϣԵģҲ˾޴ı仯׷Բԣƣͣ˫۾籦ʯһһΪѾˡ


1208 ٣8
޷죬ֻͷ𣬵ޱߵʹࡢʹ˥֮ӿͷһж·Ϊȥ
̫ˣ
ԪһۣͷƤ飬Ȼûд󺰴УɿԴӳԵ˫ĿкϢоָоܹ͸顢ĸоԼһĸо
⣬ʲô٣ʮһ֮һսսʵ
ʮҲԪˣԪ˶üͷ壬˵ʱһºͣС˥٣

ԪѭһʱһæݵμʮһҲҵ
šԪɣʳ··ĳ·佫ϣֳ̬޷壬һ˫ˮһ۾䵽ϣƽڣû뵽䵱ж٣С˥ߡ
һֱڶֻΪһ˵أ˵
С˥٣
ԪԶɻʵС˥ʲô٣Ϊҵȴδ
֮ϣ컯˾Ҫɾ˾Ҫ˥١˵˥ͷֱߵľ񣬺־ꡣ
һ˵Ψ˾пܶ˥٣֮ôһڣڶٵʱ콵٣С˥پ֮һɵ˵ִֻڼѼٱ꣬˵û˵˶ٽС˥ٵģû˵Ҳ֡
ʲôԪԶһ
򳽻ԣԪʵҶܷɹ
֪ҡͷ˵˽ٱҲֻǴδΣ֪֮٣ʣ˵ٶѶɹΪŻή´˵ȽοС˥١
ԣԪ𺧡
ɡɿ򳽻ԣ˵δܶɹֻڽ£֮¾ʶ˾ʸ񡣡
˾Ԫ˾
ŷܹɹߣʶ˾Ļʽ˶֡ɵ
ԪԶ򳽻ԣ鸴ӡ

ʱͷź嶼·Ҫһ㣬ꡢ־˥
ǺĲʱпܸ

ǧߵ죬Բʹʹֻأ֮䣬̫޷ģڡڡĽѩǣ壬Щ޷ᣬϼ縺ʹ½ڼƵ
Ҳ
ͷźʣأС˥ٽٵ壬һжһжʧһжڣۣһ죬ֻԵ巢˾仯
ͷһ䣬Ƥή֫˥ϣһˡ
Ҫǣȫû˾ҲһһΣ־ҡҪ𣬳Դ𣺡춼޷ҵ꣬ҡҵ־ο٣ҹȥ
أ
С˥ͬһӿԵ壬˵Ծһ࣬ǲӦôϵģС˥ҪԻ𣬶ҪֻܴӸϽл𣬾ͽ־
һ˵ľ׻𣬵־ѻģοǽͣ־ھǧԻ
С˥ٵҲС˳ԵľѾʼͽ־
ֻҳֻ֣أֻأҲҪֻأҽֻػɣϷ𣬷ְɣǰһҪĴڶ࣬
ֻ֮£С˥ٶֻأ򽫲࣬
ˣ
ͺתأ컯Ȼıһ㣬С˥Ҳߵع棬ڹ֮ߣҲܵ˼˺ͺ¾һֻؽһ㣬ҲС˥һֻ֮С
ľꡢ־Ҳֻأֻܹ֮߳С˥ٲܡ
ΪڲǰһлĶ࣬ͬ
㽫ҽ࣡
ֻͲ˫֮£С˥ٽֻ֮УȪûǴ˳

һͷһ˳ʧú󣬾ָӵо֫ͱͨų˽⣬ͬһ̫Ŀѣ罣١
ˣɺԪ˶¶˾֮ɫɹˣ
ôܣ
ʮһҲǴһ򳽻ԵĿⶼ˼ɵ·һһ㡣
أ
һ죬䵽ĸʯ֮䣬˿о˸ǿ齣趯ˣʱһ߲ʹ⻪ܣ򣬻δɹ٣Ծ
򣿡
һ£Ԫʮһ꣬Ԫɶ¶֮ɫǸоһûнյľȶ࣬Ҫ֪ܵı־߶ֻ֪жɹ߲ܹ򰡣
ǰĳԣֱǶ֪
򣿡
һ£Ҳǳһû뵽Լڵڰپ򣬳
ã
̾һԶԶɵھٵҲ͸ˡ漴ԾھٲʹǾɽ٣ħ٣Ҳħ١
޷ħ𣬻ô
һ䣬̧ͷ죬Ȼط˾޴ߣ޾ڰ֮УħɭϣһߴĺӰֱ֣վֹ˼㣬·ӭԼһ㡣
찡ôħ
һħ٣ֻһħôӵħٳôħ
쿴ǲûйҶӭʲôһ


1209 ٣9
ʮ϶һԪⲻͨħ٣
ʮһҲǵһҪ֪ǵһҲֻһħѣû뵽⡮ҶһأȻôħֱǲ
Ӳֵħһ㡣ͫ΢˵ֻǲ֪ħǺεȴڣƣһħ֮еλߵĴڡ
ߵħԪ˴󾪣϶¶˾֮ɫ
¡¡
ϿоžŰʮһħÿһǿƥɢǿϢһ죬ֻʮһħĵϥݣͷ⣬һХضڶҡֻһ͵Ӱ˳
һ˲䣬ɵ˵Ŀⶼ۵⵽͵ӰϣǿӰһͷҰ׵ߡ
޷ħ𣿡
ͫ΢һӶӰһ˵Ȼ㣿
ԣħ˵һģڱħˡ޷ħ򳽻ԣһͬƤӿֳһĨ΢Ц˲ûмڣȴѾڳԵľ
ɳԣսʤħͽɾΪܣʵеλҲܹӵһλ޷ħԳ̫˽ˣ˵ųԳɳΪ֪ĳԵʵþ
޷ħͻ׽־ҪҶɹ٣Һܸл㡣Կ޷ħ𣬾ͺһһ˵Ц
Сħ֪ʲôħ٣֪޷ħ
޷ħŭˣԳԣʷŭһΣҪ֪ǰ޷ħ޷̵һΣûóԳȻóͻ׽־˵ֱǾ޴ĳ衣
񣬳Զ٣ֹԶɹһ٣޷Ϊܡ
ˣ
޷ħֱӽٳԵľ磬Ҳζһأھħٿʼˡ
ħһ֣Ծ͸о޷ħǿҲǰδеǿľ꣬Ԩƺ·ʱпܽû޷ͷҲ˳ԵԺС

飺ϲŭ塢
ɫòϸ
ͬħһľ磬Ҫǡʴԣޱ޾ջУʧȥңⶼģµ޷ħԾ顢գĪ⣬޷ȡ
Ȼ־ᶨɶҡҲɱܵӰ죬Ӱڳ˵΢΢һ˵޷ħ̫СҳˣҲֹҳɾ롣
ô
޷ħ侲ĻظЦЦĪ˲
ˣ΢΢ü
ˣ
һ˲䣬ڰ顢ɱ¾塢ȵͷ˳ԵͷЩͷγһɫӰԵ顢־ÿһιһָ·ҪЩйڳһ
ָǧٹֵĸһڳԵľ磬㳽־ټᶨҲܵӰ죬ǧƵͷľ磬ҡ־ۻ飬֮
ֱµ˼㣡
ɱɱɱɱɱɱһŭڳԾһδӰ쳽ԣһһεĲʳ꣬ҡԵ־
ʱԴУĿޱߺڰɱ¾ܣɲǳ
ҹȥ
ԴЩֻ޷ħȴǺٺЦԣûõģְֿɣ
ɱɱɱɱ
һЦһһУͬһ㣬ʧȥҡ
һ̣޷ħľչֵ쾡£óΡ
ӿµĻں棬ĸȫھ˳ɱŭȵͷһ˳Եľ磬ġ־͸Ӱ졣
һ˲䣬Ծƿħ֡
򣡸򣡡
ΣͷԸҳɣȶԼԽ־Ϊѹͷ
ԣһӲˣҳٰɣ޷ħЦЦ޷ݣ·̺˸ֵԷһҪԳ٣ɥʧңΪһʬ⡣
ֶͬˮһӿԵľ磬ӸӰĽ־
ˣ
һһѹ̫ˣԶһֻ֮Уͷ𣺡ңң
ʥ
Ȼһھ˴ʥǷŴͨҪþǿһж͸õͬʹ٣һвõĴڣһ
СɴʥҲ뻯Ȿħľԣ̫СħˡȻ޷ħ򵥾ͿԶԸ˵ģһһ̬һ飬컯Ӱ쳽ԡ
ֻѹ˶Ըֻؽٵľ֮󣬳̴߶ֻͲһζιϵֺͽֳֻ֣أ࣬аմѹ
ۣۣۣۣ
ʱڳԵľ֮У˿µһĻֻһһ֮»𣬾ͬ貵̻һһţ޷ħ𾪵ʲôܿʧֻأֻص찡ôֻ
޷ħû뵽ɣԹЦ˵죬עٴγΪҵ̤ʯҳɾҵʵҲﵽһʮֲֿľأ
룬ԣ룡޷ħܻĴ𣬡ԣħǲóѵġ˵꣬κȻһźһ£һСŤĺӰۣһ˲䣬볽Եľ


1210 
ֻأ࣬޷ħκβҵġԷЦӣףη޾壬ͬһֻͲĹͬ£ɨԼľ硣

ʱ޷ħĲҽ
޷ħҹȥɣԵ鶼õ˳ξûһ˿ʣͬһ㣬޹˳ȾûκζӰ쵽һħһգ
룡
޷ħвʣǿǳԵꡢ־ֻһͷ磬ܵѹƣڳѾֻأ־࣬Ѿûκζܹ˺ˡ
ȻҲ޷ħ

һҽУһźӳԾǿ˻ԣһģ

޷ħһʧ˳Եľ磬¡¡Ͽգ죬һ£ʮһħҲʧˡ
¡
سһĺػָƽʥĹ䣬̫ҲҫϿգůʡ

ֱ罣һ۲䣬ϵʻֺޱȣ罣һ޷ֱӣ·Ŀⶼ˺ˡ

һٶ߲ڳܣľȻѾﵽڣϵĽϢʮֿ£ضб۴ĸоƣѾѹʮһ꣬·һȼڡ
Ҷݼ
ĿһɨԼɣɫȻȫϢͷ·һһ㣬߳ʯֳԪһܣδΪԼͻݣңҲֻͻܹоɵĿ¡
Ը޷оһ˿һϢ·һһһ˼ԼֻͲҲ޷ɽһУһоͿԴԼɱԼ
Ҷܺá˳һۣ΢΢ͷʮһһۣ˵ӽǾԪڵųˣ볤ϻ¸ǰһС˵꣬ƮƮˣܿʧ˳ԵĿС
ҶҿǸնɹ١Ԫ򳽻ԣЦе˵
ʮҲ򳽻ԣȷʵڳԵϿһ˿һͻļԪǿ󣬱֮ڴֺܶʮһ˶ͣۡӳˡ
볤ϿˡԲԲ
뿪ԪΪȻЦЦһߣһ˵ʮѾΪԪڵĹ涨ǻᱻߵȳϣһɽ壬ÿһʯҩҲʮַḻʱԻ֪
볤ϣߵȳʲôһʵ
⣬ԵҲɻ
ǺǣǸ˵ˣԪڵĳϰյλΪߵȣߵȳϣȳϣȵһȣǸսˮ׼ġ
Ԫ˵ߵȳϵȳϣԪڶв٣ΨһȳϽһ֮ǵĵλʮֳߣǼ񣬵ȻЩ˵Щ̫ңԶˣǻȶɡ
˵һ仰ԪǿʮһˣȻ⻰Ƕ˵ģԲڴС
ȴû⣬˼Ԫǰλ˼ԴƶϳԪڵĶսǿڴڣ⻹׿ɣ˵ˡ
ԪΪеλһճλٸ磬ԾԪʵӦòֹЩ

ܿ죬Ե˾ԪһԪߵȳϵķΣһƣȻǡߵȳϡ
ԪڶԳϵĴȴóԶǳһʮƷҩʮƿһǧʮʼҩٻָԪȻЧȲҺҲҲ൱Һ
ȻҲ˵ҺеλҲ
ʮƷõ֣Ƭ̣ͱ壬ΪͻҪΪܣԼӵǿ
ΪԪߵȳ֮󣬳Ծ͵ӵһ壬ҲǳλʮĻٶȼֱ󣬵ͻ֮󣬳Ծ͸оԼǴڳλһû˿о
㣬Ҳ֪Ϊγλܹɹٵˡ
˵ֱˮһǧٶ֮죬Ŀ࣬ʱ䣬ڣڴڼ䣬Ҳ˴ͳ飬÷ӡ齣ǿ
⣬ϻҲͻڣֻҪǿ󷨵伮ԼڳԪߵȳϣȨԪڷõ伮֮һʼȫϻñۡ
ϻõľҲԽȶѧϰ˴ʼ󷨣ʵҲԽԽǿֲһʼ󷨡
ҪͻĻҪۼ󷨡
һ㣬óʮͷۣϾеλ磬ۼ󷨵伮ҲʮģûԪڵ伮֮С
ûгԪѰңΪԪ½ԪƿأڳפһԪ½ȥҲûãȥ½Ԫڰʱ䣬Ҳ֪Ԫڵʵ
Ԫڳ˱Ԫ½֮⣬ʮе磬Ҫʮе磬ЩԪ߳Եġ
ԴӼʶ˳Զ֮Ԫڳǰûȳϵ̬ƽ֮ƽƺ򳽻ʾõ˼ȳϼˣǾȲѣһЩȳϲΪȻ
ֱһȳԼʸԳԳ֣ȳ϶Ĭˡ
ʮУ
ֻʮгԾʹڵȳϡ
Ԫڶ֪СҶôһ½ߵȳϣӵԽսʵ˴սͨڴܵĻ


1211 Ԫ
ڶգһȳ볽д裬ûжʮУԾˡ
ȻΪ֮
ҪһսָܹãҲ޷ͨڴܣڳԵ¼ŽƽϢȥҲɹһΰʱ⣬һʱԪȴƽ
ԭԪ糤ڶսѾʱ䣬һֱֻһЩСĦʱ䣬ȴǱ˲Сĳͻڴŵǰֱ
ȻҲ⵽ԪڵĶⱨʧ˼ڴܣΪˣԪĹϵԽԽӣʱ䣬Ѿ˺üδģͻ簲
ڽ꣬Ԫһȳϱڴɱˡ
Ԫ𶯣
ȳϣɾһͨڴܰԪڼҴҵҲʧҪ壬ΪԪѾгʮʱûȳϱɱˣֱǲԭ£ӾĹϵ
һǰԪϽһе磬Ԫ⵽ľ޴Ѿռ֮һ
ԪԪϽʮе֮һԪ½Զ磬Ԫ½֮Ҫս֮һҲΪˣԪһֱڶ֮Уûһ̰
룬ҲԪԽĸӡ
ڶ̶̰ʱѾ˲ߵȳϣҲ֪˶١
ȻҪľڴܣǻһȳϿ֧ŵĻԪѾ̲ˡ
ҲΪԪƿ̲ݻһ̶飬Ԫټȫ峤ԲߣһǲߵȳǰԪ磬˭֪ʱԪȳϣڴܶˣȥ
ԣһԪڼûߵȳԭȥԪ磬йϵĶùϵǧ룬ԸԪ硣
ԪУһƬ
ϰվڵУϷǶȳϡ·ȳϣУԵʮ½ߵȳϾվ
һʤѩѳէһֺδɵԪϷûκ飬һֺʲô飬Դȡ
һۣ˵ˣ˴ټǰԭŴҶ˰ɣԪ漱ΪԪ簲ѾüƲɱҺԷ£ʱֵסĽˣԪҲѾдУڱǲԮǰԪ硣
Լǡ
ǰһڳ̵ͷǡ
ţ˴ڣδһԪڱϼӶԴȥ֪λԸǰԪ磬Ԫ硣ɵͷ˵
һ顣
ʱһȳ˳˵˷ʮߵȳϣ罫Ԫ磿˵ţĿ䵽˳ϣЦ˵ҶڣȴԴڴܣΪػ
Ǯ˵ĲҶʵǿ󣬽ףԿԵΡ
ǰϾûҶһĸ콾
ҲҶǰԪ硣
һȳ۷׷ףбԴܵȸ߳ԡ
ҶȿԸ⣿ʵ
ǡҶʮ˴ʱ֪ûоܾɣΪǶǴˣȻˣǾܲҿһʼǵ˾ѾעˣҪԪ統ڻңϾԪȨƣҲûбҲˡ
οҲ֪ǮǱԼܵȳϵĳƼԼǰȥԪ磬óȥѴ֮סֳ֮ԡ
һ㣬ʮ
Ҳ뿪ԪڣҲһᡣ
ܺãֻʮ˶ڣȥҲֻǱˮн˶ãԷϴϢѾǲٵͨڴܣڴܸϸԪ磬ҲȳϣȳЭͬԷϵ˵
ƼԪϡλȳٴ߳˵
볤ϣԸΪԪЧʵ
Ը⡣Ԫȳһۣһ˵ԸΪϹ٣ѡ
á̾һ˵ڱڻҪȳϣ
Ըȳ˳
ãܹڴΣͷվο졢ԪҶʮ̸ϸԪ磬ӸϳԪ磬⣬նɱһڴܣеնɱһڴܣʮƷܹɱһͨڣʮƷ˵
ǣԪԵ˹Ӧ
ɣɵ

Ԫ磡
ֻеλ֮һͨͨеλ磬Ҳǳʮ֮֮Դ֪ж٣Ȼ緢СģսΪһĽ紦һֱʢ
ԪԪԶǺǿҲΪˣһֱ۲Ԫ磬ҪռΪУһ׳Լ϶Ԫ磬һãһǲ˲ǿ
ֻǳҲеһЩ⣬ǾԪɻ˺ƤħսĻҲֻӦǿǰȥԪ硣
ͨڴܣԪڴܣԵʮڴܣʵǿԺɨλ棬еλ棬˵ܶһսģֱ
Ԫ磬ԪֻɳӦĶ֣Ȼֻ뽫ȥ볹׿ս


1212 ѵõĻ
ϸϸһ˼еģѾȫԪڿսΣ
ҡҡͷ֪ЩԼȥģȻͻֻǳڶѣսʤѾļˣֻͨˮ׼ڴܣƶǷ˵³
ԣĿǰҪʵȡͻڣֻͿƾֻͲԼͨս޵ڴܣҲԱʵܹѰҲ硣
ǧеλĿꡣ
Ԫǣ
ԪǣǧǽɣԶԶȥͺһֻľڴ֮һ㡣
ֻһۣܹǽվ˱ʿǹ֣ꪹ纣һɺƺƵԪϿγɡ
ǶϿգһԪڳվ¡³ɣһ³ϣԪ磬ԪһΨһһڴܣսͨˮ׼ȻǺǿҲһ
ңԪڣ߱ھͿһˣʮе綼ڴפأԪڴصģһλԷһλԼˡ
ԣԷΪԪͳߣ൱һ
ʱһ³˵Գϣ֪˴˭ǴĽ
˾֪
Էģ°ɫ룬˫˸˸й⣬ޱ޼ʵĶҲ֪Щʲô
˵ѾǲٴǰԪ硣³˵
٣ԷĿһ˵ͻѾֻ꣬һͿˮ׼ĿǶڴܶҪɵһ϶Ҳֲ˺ô
ʲô
һ⻰һڳ϶ǳһ
ǲҪģѾϢӦԲߵġԷ˵
ϣˡ³˵
ˣȻһ˵ǰĺ쳤ϣ
Ȼ쳤ϣ̫ˣ쳤ҲһλڴܣȻҲֻͨˮ׼Ͼ꣬ˣҲ˵쳤ϡ
ţףԪˣʮô£ôᣬһⶼڣֻǺ񶼸նɹٵӣ
òˣʮһһδӳλѡγʮˡ

һڳ۷׷ס
ԳϣˣҾͷĶˡԷЦӭȥ˵λǰҲˣ룡
롣˵

ܿ죬Ե˾ͽԪڣһڣȻȲԪҲʮ
˽ܣԷϷȳףԪȳζڳʮ˾ֻ·λˡ
ܿ죬ԷĿǰԪ˼򵥵Ľܣܵ˵ʮϾԪʮֲ
ԪԪϽʮҪ֮һѰе磬ռ˺ܴĵλԲʧѾľռ˴룬ǿʵӦĻԪ᧿Σ
ҲΪ˽ǰ֧ԮԭʮҪ磬κһʧ
οԪԪ硢ȼĽӵ㣬һͷһʧȥԪڵʮأζҪסֻԷĻ˶ɫء
Ե󷽣ֲֻûǵķȨ
쳤ϣ֪кθ߼Էʵ
ûʲô߼˼ǱסԪ磬ֻֻǱסеһԪ磬ϾѾǲٵǰƾǵֻƽ⡣˵
Ҳô룬ҵǵĻ᲻ٽԪ磬һռ졣Է
ԪڵսĬһ£˵
λϣҲˣҪһռԪ磬ǿҲǲǿĴڡʱһȳ˵
һȳҲͷ
ˣԷϵĵǲ޵ǻҪֿţǱס硣˵
ţ쳤֮ͬԷͷ˵
Ҳͬȳϵ
á
ˣǰǳض⵽ǽǶʧ˺üȡߵȳˣھԪϼ˷ֱɵǰȥԷ˵
û⣬˷ֱǰȥ֧Ԯɡ˵
ǡԪͳԵ˶ֻܵͷ
ܿ죬Ͷ˰ţԪ쳽ǰǰǳأֵĽ
Ʒǣ
ԪԵǰ֧Ԯĳǳء
Ϳռ֮УԪ˵ҶϣһλҪ
ǰǰ궼ͷ˵
볤ϺλˣǶΪԪЧ˵
ǺǣҶʵǿפƷǣֻҪûȳϼĴڳ֣Ǿһల¡һԴķеĶԳ˵
Ҷϵʵһɱһֲһ˵
ԪҲͷ
໥ӦԵ
šԪ˶ͷ
ҲԼ뷨ϾɱһھʮڶʮڲˣڳȴܹնɱξҪ㹻ԼױԴбԴ
ͻ֮󣬳ԵʵʮֿͣĿޣԼͨҲһ¥ˣߵսȴǲ࣬Ľ־ʶͣһףȥҲ޲
ԣԱѰһᣬ׳ԼԪ֮У˵һѵõĻᡣ
һ㣬˫սı־Ҳǲ٣Ҳڷӡ齣ĳɳҲ뿪ԪڵĺûᣬϾеλĿؾΪѰҲ磬ҪγԼ
һеѣϾԺ޸ΪԪߵȳϣȴҲһĻᡣ
Ԫøṩһ


1213 Ʒ
ˣ
һʱ󣬴ֹͣˡ
Ʒǣ
߳̾ȳϴߵȳӭǰһλ߼Ԫ̶Цݣ˵볤ϣû뵽Է쳤ϻὫƷǣ̫ˣˣҲ̤ʵˡ
ųϡˡԪ΢΢֣ܳˡ
á֣һ򣬵һ˫۾ȴǾâ˸һ˫۾һ㣬ǻۣ̾һ˵볤ϣľӾڳ⣬ڣ²˳٣ǻȥӦ֮ߡ
áԪ
һһ˾˻
ԪԼųϡϷԵ·
ųϺȺ󷢱Լ޷ǾڣӲֻܷأ˵֮ǾͿԪ΢΢ʣ˳һۣûнܹڵϢɢȥΪԪѾ˽
ⲢԪѳԵһͬȴڣԼǿˡ
ڴܣƱԼһһˣڵĻҲǳƽǸǿԪûеӵЦЦ˵ǳէӦλϵڣʿ磬һζķأ²ס
Ҷ˲ǲףֻ̫ǿ޷Ը϶ϵķ⣬˵仰ͺھҴһ㡣
֪볤ϵ˼ǣųʵ
Լս볤˵
⡭ųϺһ⻰һۣǳɣԪ˵ǿʿ񣬳ȥƷǿزסǱʤһҷʿ
ãȻǾ볤ϣԼսԳһҧ˵
Ϸȥս顣̵վ˵⻰߳˻
볤ϣǸϢһ죬һսų˵
áԪ
ܿ죬Ե˾ͽסϢ
ڶʱ̫գãƷ⣬ǹ֣ɽʮɫ׵սʿһɽУ׳߿սγһ֮
ǰϰټսͬѲ£һڽվսϣɢǿսɱ
ⶼǿģǰʮڼףźɫˣϻһ֮УǾͺʿһ㣬ǰĵΰӰһɫĺڽף磬ͬ١
ˣһⶼڴڣɢϢ籩һһʽԴռ䡣
Ѧߡƣ
˷Ʒǵ
ԪųϡԼԵվƷǽϣѦˣԪ˵ѦԪԪڵĵ̣룬Ԫʴȣ˱뿪Ԫ磬ɻȻվǶȵڡ
Ԫҿ޴ˣڻ˵⻰ֱǷֲưѦ񻢱һͷïܵĺڷ¶д󸫵ı۰״ˣһ˵ֿ
ٷϻԪҪԼս֪ԼѦԪĿɨųϺ϶ˣ˵
ھͶսĵɡԪ˵
áѦһ˵ȥԪڵ֪׳Ҿ
ǡһף֫˶Ƥ̼ɫ˳ڰͬڰ֮٣һӣһ컭ꪣ̤˳˵˭һս
ڣ
ֻһۣԪͳԵ˾ͿΪǰ˵˭ȥ
볤ϣȥ
һ˳ϵ죬ǧ߶ͬһɫƷǣӭ
޹
Ԫһʵ䣬ʱսս춯ǧԭҰرһ㣬˵ĶʱоѪڣ·ԼǰһѪսС
ȴǲⳡս
սǾȹ̶ȲãҪûκοܡ
ԪȻҲ뵽һ㣬ء
أأأ
սһ·սսⶼѹȣֻм֮û˷֮
ã
ųϺ϶ɫ䣬ǵһսˣʿһĴϾǽӶڹעⳡԾ
ã
ѦȴǴ̾Ц
ۣ
ʮغ֮걻һꪴţѪĽһɳȥһ컭һӣͽ롣

ʱǽϵľʿһӶڷ
˭һս˵
볤ϣųϺ϶˶ԪҲüͷ壬Ҫ֪ڰǰŶɹ٣ɾڡս֮˶սڵ²á
ɡ˳˵
áԪϲ˵Ҷˡ
Ҷ
ųϺ϶˶һ㶣ǰ˵볤ϣ²װ
ǰҲ˵
λ赣ģҶϳһֵԪһֺ֣˵
ԪţϺų϶˶һ֪ţ
ৣ
罣һ̶ռмʿƷ⣬Ŀ罣һ䵽ϣδԿڣȻ˵Ǻˣ
ְɣԵĵ
ҿǼȥͶ̥ˣҲãҾɱһˣԪ֪֮µһˡз컭һӣꪹǧ򣬻һͬ󽭴ӳ򳽻ԡ


1214 չ¶
ʣ
𣬳齣ʹ˳ȥѾˣеķ컭ǻʼ̺˼ǿꪵ־൱ʮͨʼ齣գĺô
Ϊһ㣬
ȻҲǳվԭ
ͣ
Ž΢΢죬ǹһ˿Ц˵ܺãͶͬ޵еĳƺţҾɱ㣬֮µһ˵ͷ˵գеˣڰǿᣬͬһײ
½
һʽһתԾʩչ׻ʼΪͻ֮Ѿܹȫӳ⼸׽ܣΪеɱУһɨһؽԾɫ䣬¶ͷ𣬷·޾ڰ֮С
ʲô
һ̶ݺݵ˵ԴСӣʩչʲô㶼컭һӣۣӿֲͨɱ򳽻ԣڰŶҪײƳԵ
ͣ
·𲼲˺ѵֻһɨ޾ꪹⶼ׷飬Եײĺڰϣ飬һ춯֮Уһ죬ֻۣһѪ׻һ㵹ɳȥ
ʧôܣ
ৣ
һ仰û˵е齣ȥһ룬ѦԮԮৣķ컭ꪡҲõ컭ֱӱ齣С
ʣ
ʱ齣ֵ鳽Ҳǻϲޱȣлˡ
ǻ˭ԿѦˣһƽʵ
ʲô
ˣųϺϵ˶Ǵһ𾪵ĿԪʵҶȻ
ǺǣȻԪЦ
򳽻ԣųϺ϶˵񶼷һЩ仯
һѦ˶ɫ΢䣬Ŀԣ˵ǽͣȻҲĶ֣棬ȥ
ǣ
ֻһݣüĿ˳ֿտգ·û˿ľ裬˳Ŀ볽Զһˣʱһɽ澹ȻҲһ͡
ͣ
ųϺ϶˶һԪЦõģҶϿԶԸ
ʲô
ٴһԪûм˵ҲͲٶʣΪǸоҶĲ֮뵽ԪԡҶĳƺһֱƽƺжʲô
ͶԽͲȤѦЦ˵
һĽͣͣϰ꣬һԴܴӡ˵
ߵ
ʱ˵棬ˣ֡
ˡԵ
ţɫһ
ûʸֵ֪ʸ񡣡˵
ˣãܺãˣΪһ仰Ҫ֪ô˸ɱɭȻ˵㽫ķ컭еĽУȻܺãеĽҲ˲ٽеĽ㲻ҪеĽҲҪҵĽɡ
ϻ̫ˡԵ
ŭһͨų˽貶Ŀһһ⡢˸߶򣬻һƵĽ򳽻ԣԶԶȥͺһһ㡣
Ľ𣿡ĮȻʵ

̫ˡԵ
ɶɱ˫Ŀжɱ֮Уˮ֮֯һγǿҵ˺еı֮УˣʱʢδѾɢһ⣬Ŀѣ
Խ
̤ڳԵĽ£ˮһ㵴ͬ齣Ӷɽ壬罭ɽһɰٴΪΪ𣬰ԵصĽɢγһεĽơ
ɽƾԳΪԳΪһǰҪĤݣĽҲ⡣
ʲô
ǽͣͨӦ̸оɽƣɫ䣬Ѿˣۣһɨɱͱ˺ѳ˷飬ɨϡ
飡
һ죬𶯣֮ѷ죬󺧣ƤҲٿһۣˡ
ӣӵ𣿡
˵һ䣬磬ٶ֮죬һ㣬齣һնҫ죬ٴ֮ϣһѿֻۣ齣϶£롣
ৣ
һץԾͽĴͱȡ編ƣı齣֮С
һΣ鳽ӵĻ죬Ϣǿ˲١
ã
ˣԶ̲ס̾һ
ʲô
ȻһѦһԪϵ˶ˣǰߣҪ֪ǽͣͬ޵Уһ߶Ҫǿͻ꣬ʵǿᣬԵһͻڶ£û뵽ȴǰɱˡ
ųϺϵǳԾԵʵǶоδضܹɣǶԳԵʵľˣҲΪԪԴС
ҶʵȻס˵
˵Ƚ˵ͬ޵жΪų̾˵
Ԫ˵
ʱʵ˭վ֮䣬ţӯ죬γһɽϣһͶܵӰ죬ֱǲ˼飬Ѧ˶Ŀһ
󷽣һڽ춼ǲԲ
ߣԪһξԪʤˡѦ˳һۣ˵ɸһս
кβңԪĿһ˶ԼҲӦսһȣ˳˵ҶϣȻȥɡ
ৣ
Եͷصǽϣϵ϶Цݣ˵Ҷϣն罫죬ҾϷһὫĹ㱨ȥġ
λˡԵ


1215 ȵ
ͬһշ𣬿ԪЦе˵ֻǲ֪ԪܷѦ񡣡
Ѧڴܣ볤ҲǣǶӦڲಮ֮䡣ų˵δˣʲôǱСһԪΣգǾͳ֡
šϵͷ
ԣԿԪѦˣ϶ƾУ£ҪֳʤͿ˴ͨˡ
䣡䣡
֮䣬ѦԪ˵ײһ紺ףϸۿϾֻڣۿߵսҲвٵĺôͻڡ
ɱ
ɱ
ѦֱֳԪ˫ֻƣʩչƷ˫˫һٴսһ飬ǿ˼㣬ָߵͣսμҵ˼㡣
һ˾ͽһٻغϡ
ٻغϣ
˻ǲʤָߵͣʱ򣬱ƴĲΪ־ЩҲǾʤĹؼֻϣҲǻͬʵѷֳʤʱԪЦѦκβöԷһսΪֹɣ
ôս𣿡ѦЦʵ
ƾѦ񻹲ԪսԪ
ȻˣǾͷֳߵɡѦ˵
飡
սһ
ѦʵȻǿ볤ҲǶ˹Էֳʤ˵
ųϵͷ˵
һҲ֪Ѧ޷Ԫ΢΢ʣԼˣһͻ˵á
ţ
ųϺ϶ԣɫһɫ䣺볤Сģ
ৣৣৣ
ڳ˵á֮ʱߡͻȻʩչɱϮԪųϵȣ޳֮ͽ͵ϮǼֱ˵֮䣬ָһݵһһޱȵ֮ƿն
ˣ
һ˲䣬ҲһǿƣһĳȻһߵȳˣԶɫ΢䣬ΪһƾȻųϡ
ϸ㣿
ųϴʧɫǲš
ңȥɣ
ͬշһЦʧĿ飬ЯƵҪһƽųϴֻҪһƾԪһ˵죬ѦҲҪ
ʲô
Ԫ˴ʧɫ
벻ɣ
Ѧ˶ǹЦһ֮ɫʱһ߿ƣһֻһ콣ҡֱϣϱһǶļµĽ亹ð
ô£
һԼҪĸоͷһ˵Ҷ

˵һ䣬齣ӳԵ£ȣƲųϣȴǷֻ򳽻ԣЦ˵ƾһҲɱϷֱǲ֪
ۣ
Ȼ˵⻰֮󣬾Ҳ˵һˣһѪ۳ľѪͬˮһֵһͦͨһ㣬ֱˤ֮ϣǡ
ʲô
ڹŹһųһ亹򳽻¶֮ɫһɱڴܣ
ɱߣ
ͬʱѦҲɫ䣬ݺݵ˵һ䣬̺ɱԪûϵģû뵽һò񻰵꣬Ȼܹһɱһڴܣֱš
ǶҪ
һĻ˵һ֮䣬ɱ֮һԪͣռϯ죬Ѧ˶ͣɫ䣬Ѧˣ
ৣ
ûκԣһնѦˣХͻ䣬飬ѦһĶˡ
ɱ
Ԫų϶˼ˣ̺ɱɱѦˡ
ͬʱԪһߵȳϺ;ʿҲɱ˳һˣҲɱҪסѦˡ
ҪɱѦˣͲߡ
ն
ľˮбԴڴ߶ڳͷϿոֳɫ⻷һӳ齣ϣ৵һ£һɫֱնѦˣһ̣ԵĽҲﵽ۷塣
飡
һ˲䣬Ѧ˶ɳȥЩӭĽҲһߵȳϵֵסԪų˫˫ɱɱеƣҪ׵ɱѦˣۣ˵ɳȥ
ն
𶯣罣٣Ϳռ齣УֱӿԽɿռ䣬Ѧǰ齣ɨۣĿͷ­ͳ𣬴һץǵıʹ䶼ȡ
ˣ
ʱһ֮
ɱ
Ԫų϶һۣ˱˴еľɫȡѦ˵Ĵ䣬ҲûֹȻ֪˴ж˵ϵıĲƸԭڳԾǶһ̫ǿˡ
ʶԵʵԪףʵʵڴˡ
䣡
һɽڽȫԪų϶ɱʮҲһɶ
Ӯˣ
ƷǶ쳹Ԫ˵Ļǵ罣Ӱж֮ɫ
Ҷ϶лˡ
Ԫų϶ǰԳһһ̹̹ûκεľнͲʣΪǳԵĻƷǽƣҲԪϰҲ
λˡ˵ڻȴǰɡ
šų˵û뵽ϾȻԪڣһ̽ͽ֮»㱨ȥҶϵĹҲȥһӷ͵ġ
һλʶϸݣѦȦ֮ɱģϣų˻㱨˵
⡭áųһ㶣˵
šԵͷ


1216 ս
Ѧ˱ɱźܿͻõСģǻٷ׼ԪԳ˵ȻѰʳԵ˼
볤˼졣˵
áԪ˵
ƷٴæµʿԴòһˣ֮ǰȻ෴ʿֺ꣬·ȲҪһսһ㣬һеžԴڳԡ
ܿ죬ƷǲֵסѦ˽ɱϢ˳ȥ
ʱԪ𾪣𾪣
һз·𲻿˼飡
ܿϢʵѦ
⣬ڵ죬ƷǵԪųԪڴո˴ľȫˡ
ããã
һ죬ԪɴϲԪųϺͳԵ˴ӷ͡
Ƕ̵۩ǣ
Ԫ෴һΪԪ쵼ˣŭ۩ǡ
۩ǣ
ǳԵµķߣԪڴڴ˻ۣս
ԷҲΪԪɱѦ˴ϲ֪ɴ۩֮ǲԮǰ֧Ԯ˭Ҳ֪ѾٴεǧһʮڴܸԪ硣
ΪľһռԪ磡
һжڰнС
ʱԪɻϲ֮УδЩΪĿֻǽĴԪ磬Ǻȫ濪սϾһһߣ̵ְ׵ġ
ֻǣ֮ռԪ˼
Ԫ磬
۩ǣ
ѾΪԪǰͬһͭǽһ㣬赲⡣
Ľţز
ҿӦһԪ硣ųһ£֮жŨŨɱ޲ýȫɱ
ǻԷλʾǿһǲеģʵǿ󣬲ô׶ԸġԪ˵
ҶϣôųϿ򳽻ԣʵ
ųϣԸ˵ȴĴ֮⣬ѹ
ʲô
Ԫų϶˶ɫһ䣬˵ô죿ߣһȥ
һ߳ͷһʱɫ΢䣬ֻһӶսɷγǿƣսڰУ׳վǰǽϡ
Ҳǰֱų˵
ҶϣôԪʵ
ҲҪȶ֡Ŀһɨ΢΢ü
áԪ
Ϊʲôųʵ
δ˵ʹһȣԪȹڳڣҾһսô
һȺͷڹ꣡
׷ЦһĿ࣬ư磬ڼ׵˵ѦϲɱİɣɱѦϵ˳ɣǲǱԪ˵ʵɱѦˣΨһһֿܾ۩ȳϡ
ٷϻҪǱ㹥ǰɡԪ
ڼɫһݣһһ£˵ǣ
δ䣬ʱ죬ֻһɫڴսϳ֣ɢ׺ݡбϢԪɫ䣺ԪڣһɱһڴܵĹϰټԪڣϰڴͬʱֱһѡ
ձҪɱЩ޵󱲣ΪѦ˱ѩޡڼһɭȻ˵ڣ
ãˣԪɫ䣬
Ȼո𣬾ͼһɫⵯ䵽۩Ͽգ䣡أһ֮۩ǵķ󱻹ˣһööԪڴУʱһƬѣҽ
ֱһ

۩ڣʬɣѪģǲҽûֵܹסһߵȳͬͬХûһûԡԪųΪӹһ٣۩ǡ
ʱ䣬Բǧ۩ǾͻһƬ棬ʮԪڵӱɱ
ҲҪɱ
˳̴һٶϰټԪںˡ
ɶ񣡡
Ԫųϴޣֻܹ˱ܡ
ৣ
Ψһˣܣӭȥҷһ貽֮ͬƲһ㡣
ɱ
ŭ
ۣ
ɫ䣬ݣ齣ִУһ嫣ӡֱѹ£ѪԵ߲֣Ѫûˣʮɫ䣺
СӣɱѦˣ
ʱһĴ𣬺¡¡ط·˺һ㣬һ޳Ӱ˳ڳǰһɼߣ뷢԰ףۣͯû˿̬עųԣɱ¶˵
һСӾȻʵ
٣ԺòӣĿӭߵ˫ۣ˵
ʶϷ򣿡ٳһ
˿ȻûмҲܹ³Եֻû뵽㾹ȻԳ֣
ǺǣǿҲģɱҲǳе𣬶ϷҲʶһ㾿˭ֻϷû뵽ֻһδɵСӣȻ֪Ϸ͸һλᣬ׳꣬Ϸ򡣡˵
ٷϻҲ֪Ŀж˿˵ֻͨˮ׼ڴܣδؾͺµòһսˣͷ˵볤ϡųϣ뿪
Ҷ
Ԫų϶˶ɫ䡣


1217 ս
ߣ
Եһȣ齣貽ҫͬһʶĿƥϯٵͬʱԪ˱˳ȥ
ҶϣҪСġ
Ԫ˼ˣҲֲ֪ˣԪǶȥ
ߣ֪СȻʵ죬Ҳ赲ϷΪ㲻֪֮Ĳ࣬Ҳ֪ϷĿжôǿ󣬲ɣһ˫һХס
ˣˣ
Хĺֻһ׹ٵƣһҹƣųһۣһɫɫӡǵصųϯݡ
ͬʱԸоһȻͬҵϢ
ǿ
ٵҲǿһͿԴ޾ĿûģԴҲһһ٣³ҲٵĿ֮
Բ壡
½
Խ
ʮŵǬ
ʩչˮûһ˿һͣˮɣֱȻȴǺٺЦ߶򣬺¡һײ˳Եзϣ߲ʿռ𶯣ػһ㵹ɳȥ
ߣҶվֻڣαȵϷĿ򣿡˵ȷʵȻ˷Ϸٸһᣬ
롣Ե
ڤ粻飬Ϸվʹ㳼ΪֹٶʩչԼɱУһһǳϾڴܣȳԵķǿˣȫƾѹԡ
ն
Ҳһ㣬ռ䱾Դ߶ܿռ˱仯ͬĺˮƽ˲һԾͷ·ںϿռ֮һ㣬һӿռĽ˳ȥ
飡
ټˣһָһץֱۣӱץ飬ЦĿųԣ˵ռ䱾ԴСӣϷԽԽȤˣˣͱ𷴿ˣһе˽
ۡһ
ֻһץ飬һȣҹ
ʣ
ԹȻƽ٣ȴԽĽ˷ǽӰݵһһνն٣һһ
Ȥ㾹ȻﵽһزϷڴܣȻͣͨˮ׼꣬ҲԶԸġǹһ˿˿δԿУǶԸһͨͨڶѡ
޽죬ѹ
Ⱦͨ屬⣬ͬһƬɫһ𣬺¡һͼһɫϿ£ѹν飬ʱһ죬ϣһ죬ֻԵɳȥ
ߣ
һһѪ
㾹Ȼû
ȴ¶һĨ֮ɫΪ𾪣һǻʵĵۼѧ˰˳ʵ˵һڣʮڶҪĿܶûС
ն
ն
ն
һȥǵѪһ齣١
Ϸ
ٳ׵׶ɱʮҪһɱԣһƴ£ϯֻۣԵըһѪһȻԵһˣʹһ˳ȥ
أ
һ𣬳ȶΣһһȫµ۾˳ֶܵΣѪһץסӡе齣߶򣬷۵糸ĳ١
齣Ѿﵽ˶ʼˮ׼ֻһͿԳΪһۼӡȻһ㣬ҲҪﵽʼˮ׼ˣһ𣬻賽ԲݾͿԷӳ
ʱ룬ڷ֮Уռ䱾Դӳ֣ҡ
󽭺
һӣӡ϶ѹٵͷ󳽻һӣ齣󽭺ʱһ󽭴Ӿ˳ͬκˣﲨһ㣬ԭ󣬲ݡ
С
ٲڴܣȻֻһĴڣһһʽ߶ϯ֮һĨһӡ𿪣¶ϴ顣
̫ǿˡ
Ԫ
ʥ
ɽ
ԵսεȷḻҲǵһսڴܣ˵һεľ飬Ǵռ䣬ٵٶȣȻԴʥɱɱ⡢ɱ¾ɽһɽ̻ͬѹ١
ʲô
һɱУͨҲòݱܷâ˵Сӣû뵽㾹Ȼͨܺãɱ㣬ͨϷҵˡδ䣬ͳ硣
ˣɫ΢䣬ˡ
Ԫһλȳд裬·磬ȴδʩչʹֻԼֻΪˣŸһս
ڿԼǵ͹ٵʵȴڣѾгڵǱˡ
ԣ˴˿̣ҲҲ׾
ȣ
һȣԽ߿Ľ𣬽һһȻʩչ岻֮Ƶϯǧ۩֮ϣͬ٣
壿壿㲻ǣͨ
̧ͷʱһ䣬ʧɫ漴ƽһ˫Ԩ˫ĶŻ̫ĳԣ˵СӣĻģ

ԲʩչױԴƺƵϯ£ͬк٣ͬһʱ䣬ʩչ˴߶ȼУ侫硣


1218 ô
ʲô
ɫ䣬ȻһһΣûɵϯͷ̸оһ궯ҡˣһɥʧңʧȥĸо󺧣˵ʲôͨ

һ̣ٲɶֹķʹоԼͺڱӾһʹ಻궼Ҫˣ˻ߵĺǴ찡ôܣ㾹Ȼ˴
ȻѾ֪ˣǾɣ
𶯣ĺĳǣǧɵ̫ϯ£ݺݵĳ٣ۣʱѪɣٵֱһķѣգۼʹ룡˴Ҳɱң
𣡡
ٷ𣬿Ѹţͬˮһӳȥ̫֮ϣ֮ϯʴԵͬʱٵĴ𣺡һһ٣࣡
ǿ֮
֮£κﶼ
౾Դѹ
Դһ߶˲౾Դڲ֮£һлģģȥģ֮࣬ҲʴΪϵ֮һѹһȻ
֮ȻҲ⣡
ôܣ
㲻ѣ꣬Ƶ߶սûκζֵܹڿ֮֮²ģΪߣֻڰôֵܵԼĿ֮
һ֮
һߣھȻҪ˱ܣ⴫˳ȥֱ޷󣬵ʵˣҪ˱ܡ
ӣҰٵ꣡
ڵһʱԾ͸оҪߵͷ̹ϳ֣ߣ߶ꡣ

ʹУǶɫѪ򳽻ԣ˵Сӣ
˵꣬һҧ⣬ۣھѪ򶼱ѪɫһϵĿʱγһˣͬһ̫飬ʱһƬ
𣡡
ͬʱѹ걻ʹ࣬Ƶ־ۣ춯Ӵ֮

ɲ֮䣬һ£ӡɣۣʱһƬϯʮɷ֮ͨеĴ᳽ϵƽ˳ϡ
ۣ
һѪԵ˳ȥ
ɣ
ٴھѪʵѾԿȶڴܣ̫õʱ䣬ھѪĸɾ֮ǰɱԡ
ֻ
ͷһһ齣ն٣һڰ׹ֶͬһ㣬˳ʱתתߵֻأǴֻڴ֮£Ҫֻ֮С
ˡ
ٳһգҡеãˣ
ݣ
ͬһ㱬˶
ֻҰٵ꣬˽ֻءԴʩչͨҪѵõĻɱ٣ȻҲʮֵĴǲ౾Դ֧ŵĻҲǲˡ

ˣһٴʩչһߴ𣺡ҵס
ˣ
սʵһ򳽻ԡ

Σֻ˱ܣ৵һ£Σ罣һԶ
ˣ׷һҪɱټ˼æ˵
ǣ
һ£׷ɱԡ
ϻõס
ͨϻóһ̷ҺŻָԪٵĴȷʵڣԲˣڵĿǻָһ˿Ѫɫ
ôϻʵ
û£̫󣬻ҪϢ졣ҡҡͷ˵
ţڵʵǿڴܻܹġϻ˵
þͻڡ˵
ȥϻʵ
ԪǡԵ
áϻõ
׷ԣԵٶȺε֮죬̾ͽ˦Ԫǡ
֮
Ԫǣ
ˣ
ǽϵģɫ䣬αˡ
һյ󣬳Խһɽ֮Уɫ˵ԪˣôԷأ֪Ԫų϶һ˲䣬ڳԵԺͷ
ˣԪһݣ˵ԪѾƿˣұ뾡뿪Ŀо˸һţֻһ֣һ£һս˳ǰ
սһܻʼսѦҵġ
ৣ
УעսԪ硣
ʲôˣ
ʼսҡɾҪԪʱһֻһ˳ս󷽣ɢһɿֲϢǿʮֹ޵ڴܣ⾹Ȼһ޵ڴܡ
һ˲ҲΪԪǻˡ
ԷǿƲ޵ڴܵĶ֣Ҳ˵Ԫڳ׿սˡ

ɫһ䣬һʮƷʼսٶȼ˼㣬һ缤ȥ
ܣͣ£
˵ͺһһӣ黯һֻצץ˳
Ҷס
Դ𣬲౾ԴעʼսǿķͬʱӿٶȣץסĻշɡ
飡
ʼսٶȿ죬ץצҲһ죬ײ˻ʼսϣһ˺һ㣬һɾҲû˻ʼսϣصһͬǳһ㱻Ԫ硣

ˣͣסΣ˵ˣֻǲ֪˭


1219 Ĺ

Լѵ˫ֻۣԼǻѣ˫ϣҲˣһסʹתԪһͻָҲ˿ԼͻԼɾˡ
һۣʼսѾķѣʹˡ

Ժиֳ˵ģɱ⣬ͷһγôĿһҪֻ
ҲǺܺá
͵ϥأʮҺתڲ౾ԴʼƣΪҺԻָ壬⣬ʩչóޱȵƣͣȻָ
֮󣬳Իָ˹

վУԻķһ޼ʵɽ壬ʮ֮˵Ϣ
ৣ
罣һƿռ䣬˳ȥ
ʱ󣬳Գһ޳֮⣬ֻһۣȷﲻԪ磬һδ֪硣
ţӵģ
ȻԵĿ䵽˳ǽһӭƮĺɫϣ滭һɫ·ոһ㣬ĺȻģԻһۣ˵ѵ磿
˼磬ʹô仯һçһ̺۴۽ֱ°ͣ˿׶ޱȣɢڵΪ
޳ǡ
һٿƷʯ֮󣬳߽޳ǡ
ܿ죬ȷˣ硣
֮ʽԪսһȳߣȳߣȳһߡʱϿմһϣ
ʲôԪսˣ
̫ˣսˣһҪԪڡ
һ
ʱڷһ߶ӿ

˫΢УһƲڳи֣һ£ҲȺȥ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ǰǧɹ֮أվһͷߣʱһ㣬һʿ˳Ϸ˵Ԫս֮ϣڳλӻԾΪЧ
˶٣˵⣬ɱԪߵõ֮ȫڱˡ
ޣ
δ䣬˳ͷˣǷ·ڵȴһˡ
ڿʼ˵꣬תˡ
ҲȺ֮УŶӱ

һʱֵ˳ԣ˵顣
Ϊ
ڡ
ڣܺãԵ˳
ǡ
գڵΪΪ֮еһ۵İ˳
ʮ֮ԪڣڵİСӱһֻ֮Уһֻۼս뿪
ڵͼϢڣʵǧ˳ˣȥǧ˳ǳԵֱϳһڴ󺺣಻ȴʱĳӢ
Ҳ֪ǧ˳˵
ѵǽԪ𣿡һ˳ɻʵ
ߣԪѾռˡǧ˳һ˵ǽԪϽ½ϣʮһ磬ϾԪڶĿʮصģԪܹΪ䲻Եʡ
ԭˡ˳˵
ǧ˳˵˼ϣǱԪϽ½ʵ׶񣬿ʮֵĲǣӪ֮ǰһλͬװ˳λ˳ʮ־η
ǧ˳ȴʮͳԣ˳ԵĻ󣬵ͷ˵ǵȻˣͨ½ʵԪڴפأҲһЩͨ½ǵջȻûô󣬵ĻȴҪһЩ
˳ͷߣʵϵ̨棬еλް֮ս޵ڴܶһܹοˡ
ˣǻǺúϢɡǧ˳˵
󣬳ҲصϢ˳ĴȻûǧ˳ĴãҲһϢס
֪ʱȥ
׼ս
ʱսͣסǧ˳Ŷȥ
ǣ
һ£ۼսŻɵս
ֻʼսҲ߳һװߡ
߳սһ޼ʵɳĮǰһɻ֮ˣ΢΢ü

˶Ѱʡ
һͨ硣˵
ԪϽµĻ˻֮أŨҲӦǳλʮ屶ϲǣֻһͨ½ǧ˳˹˳һۣ˵
šԶͷ
ʱһӰϿգͳһĿףɢǿƣ˵ȫѹȥһģ࣬ڵ߳ǳ˵˶Ӽϣǰ
ǣ
ӦһΪλһγɷǰһͷ
ʮڴܣ޵ˮ׼ʮˮ׼ʮˮ׼ʮͨˮ׼ǿһͨ磬Ρ·һƽȴ𺧡
̫ǿˣ
оʲô
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ǰУ߶ڣǰͬױڣһռ䶼𶯡
ǰʮڴγǿķڴǧ֮󣬾ʧΣȻһδжżҪĿء
ȻһĲֹԣǧ˳Ҳˡ
оʱǰ˰ͣ
ڴפ˵
Ϊλ˷פǧˡΪληֻȥפÿһɳĮ
ǰʱδ߳ɳĮ
ⲻҪҪǳԸоǰһƬɳĮ˵ɳĮߡ


1220 Ѫ

ź¾ʮ֮󣬳ԽСϢ
оʣ
ü򵥣ޱȣʮڴܶۼΧһųӶϷ겢жһһ˴Ż£޵ڴܡ
ڱ˧˴εжƬɳĮһ˾ܵĹأҲһĹް룬ºͣ紺һ㣬ϸ
Ĺ
˻һ˽Ծ
˾ܵĹأ˧𣿡
ǰֻеλ棬ô˾ܵĹس֣
ĻǾпܵõλ˾ܵȫƸ컯ȿƽɻͻ컯ĵۼҩ
һ̣˾

ʱ˵ϢǧȷǴµ軳ɡ

ٴ𾪣һСʵ˧Ȼ˾ĹأΪδ۲ȡ
ߣһжΪҪԪɵע⣬Ԫ֪ĻҲ˳õ˾ܵĹˡһ˵һûκ˵
ԭˡ
˻Ȼ
ˣʱǾִܹ˾ĹأʱǾµ߽Ѫ˵ֻܹĹصķܣһȥ˾ܵĲҲֵܹġ
Ѫ
һ⻰˱Ϊڴܶɫһ䣬˳һ䣬Ӧǣ
ˣǸȥסϼӷء
ǡٴӦһ
һҹ޻
ڶ죬û̫հ޹⣬ͺʧɫɫһգһѹ֮С
಻֪
ǰˡԼһڴ߳˵򣬳
¡¡
Σض𶯡
·ᵽʲôζһ΢΢üҲû˵ʲôڵΪվڴ֮УͺǴһˮûκιƽͨ
㳽չֳڵΪҲûжӰ죬ΪڳУѪġ
ߵ˾ܵĹʵ΢
ο⻹һ˾ڴܵĹء
ܹõĻҲһɳ죬ͻ컯۵Ĵ£ǰߵ綼ܹҵֱ޷
Ҳ˵Եʮ飬磬ôпᣡ
ʱ򣬺ȻĻɳ죬γһɳ֮ɳĮ֮Ͼɳһ㣬޵ڴܵǰֱǲһ
нûκ
ϣֻз
ʱ
ͣ
һȡ
ֻʮǰն˿ǰ˫΢У˵
ѾˣĹʱ֣ҵȴ˴һӣʮ˵ȥ˿ʮɱ
ǣ
Ѹ٣һֻֻѪС˷ɢȥÿһѪ˶Ϊ
ľ
ʮһСӣСӳڣʮһӣӳڣһΪһ仰ʵǿ֮ͬеǿߣóսڴܹܿ֡
ľ񡣡
ˣ΢΢һҲԽĺеĿˡ
Ҳ
ʱͻȻֻ̫ǿǽӲӵģǴ˵ɫûĹԡ
ʱѵ
һӱޱȣԹЦ߶Ⱥһ
¡¡
ͻȻر仯ɽҡض̫ǰǧ֮⣬һźɫĻȻ˵һ糱ˮһɢ飬֮Ǳը֮ɳɳ죬
ˣ
ڳڴĿУһ޴ĺڿڳɳĮ룬֮ɢ
ˣ
˶ϲѣһۣ˵ʼɣ
һڡ
ڸ߿֮ϣңͳޱȣķ
ǣ
ֻǰһֻֻ󳬺ڿǰʮֻսһʮˡ
䣡䣡䣡
һŹ࣬ʮɫڵһ˲ֻӶʱս֮׹ʮѹˡ
ۣ
Ϣֻʮɫ伣ûһܹľǺɫܵѪɫɳܿͱɣӰ
ڶǰ
˴ȣֻ裬ڶֻʮɫڡ
ǰ
ľǰ
ǰ

ʮ߾ǰ
ʱɫڣûһ㲨ͬƽĺˮûһ˿ƣƽ˹졣
ô£ڶ浽ʲô˽ȥȻһûУ
찡һûУ̫ˡ
ʲô˰ɣ̫ˣ
ɣʲôط᲻һС磿޷ôˣ
󷽣аҲУֻһ߶ɻˣǳǧ˳һ˵ʲôطô
ⲻһĹذɣüͷһ壬˵
Ĺأôܣһ˳˵
ĹأĹأһĹصĻǡѪǧ˳߶ˡĹء飬һӵͳ˵ԼӲĻ
Ѫ˳ɫһ䣬һ˳սս˵İɣ
ǧ˳ͳɫ粻ʱǰһʵ˧浽ʲôطΪ˽ȥûһ㶯һڴܣ־顢ꡢʶǿ󣬵ˣоڶκ죬Բɻ


1221 Զս
һȿռ䣬Ǿܷġ۾գһ£˵
ȿռ䣿Ըɻ
ˣٷϻڶʮһǰһ֣ɫ
ǣ
һ£ڶʮһֻʮ߽ɫڣǰʮֻʮ˶һ㣬Ϣ˺£컰˵ĺãδ֪£Ϊˣʣµ򳤶¼ǰ
ڶʮ˵
ˣ岻ΪҪ£Ϣһ£һЩٽ롣ڶʮĽɫҰףŴ˵
岻Ц
ǡ򳤵ͷ˵
ˣԼһ򳤶ˣһǾ߻ʲôԲ˵ɣڴܻ޹岻ֱһЦˣδ
ȻǾ͡˵һ䣬ϲȻȴ˵Ϸһ壿
˧󾪡

ȻճڣһֻɫץסԼһӾͳ˻˽ǰһ˫ɫӴɫһݣ˵˵ѣãûκˣô᲻ҿΪЧߡ
˧һڣһڶ۵һھʮǰһѪѪ⼤䣬򳤲дͷҪ˵һ֣ɢˡ
·ʲôûһ㣬˵ڶʮǰ
ǣ
ڶʮʮ߶һֻ񵨺߽ɫڣʧǰ
ڶʮ
ٴ
̫ˣҪߣҪ뿪
ߡ
뿪
˶ϧģδ֪֮£߸ˣӵ꣬Ԫ󣬸ǲǰΣܶ˶лֲ̿е߸ӦԤ֪Σա
һˣǳԡ
ɫ֮УоһΣΣڴΪڵֻ춯֮תԶ޷ƣһУʳԾ档
û
Υߣ
һ˫ɫɨһۣ·Ŀÿһ϶йעһ㣬𶯣Ͼ޵ڴܣһֻ֮һӣۣߣһ
ʲô
ˣ˴󺧡
˧Ӧǿڴ˺ڶ֮иоһɺǿԲȿռ䣬ʸ˧澿ʲôطʱһ칰˵
Ҳ֪һѰʣȻǶо˲ԵĵطˣһͬѰʡ
ţˣ˶üͷһ壬ǲûг֣ΪĹѪҪΪߣ޷Ĺһ룬ǶҪ
ܺãǶ֪ʵ
ǡ쳤
Ϸ͸ǣһԶսս棬ҲһЩǲܹоǿ˵
ԶսüʣȻɡ
ˣǻʲôûɵģΥڶʮǰ˵
ǡڶʮɫڣټ
ڶʮľ˵
ֶΣһǻɣҲΥˡԿ˻һۣͷ뵽˵Զս֮ԿɲţѾʮ϶Ǻڶ֮¾һĹ
УЩڴܣ޷ʵӦûᷢŶԣȴûһӳһмֲĴڣֻ·һŵڶʮ룬ɫһ䣬˼硣
ôˣʱǧ˳Ȼʵ
ˣܽ룬ԴѾȷһĹҪǽѪ
ʲôǧ˳ɫ΢䣬ص˵Ѿɣȷھôһ˵Ҳӿ϶ˣֻʵ΢Կ϶ѪҲ޷
ѵǾôԷʵ
⡭취һ¾ֵˡǧ˳˵
ǧ˳һۣԲٴ
ǧ˳ȻֻΪƶһЩһϵ
ԣͨЩ򳤣ΪΪˣûлȨοչֳڵΪҲֻв򳤵ĺ󳾣ɱʶյķӡ
ֻҪʣվʮһʮڴܶҪɵ
ȣ
ʱڶʮľĽ챬ȶбһӶ֮ͣˮɫڣأɫھֻһѪ˳򳤾󺧣˵ˣǶˣһĹҪѪ
Ѫ
һ˲ʮɫ䣬Ҳɫһ𣺡󵨣Һն
ҪѪƴˣ
ͬһʱķʮ߼һ˲սӭˣȻѾ˲²⣬򲻻һ˲һ
ˣȴûˡ
󵨣췴ɣ˵Υ֮ߣɱ⣡
ֻΪۿԼȥѪһ˵
ʮ˵
ãܺãȻˣǾͳͳȥɡɫһ䣬ɭȻ˵ɱȫͶȥ
ǣ
δ䣬ֻ˷ڡ߶ۼ֮࣬⻹гʮڴܣɴ˿Կ۶Ĺжˡ


1222 
ɱ
ҲƲ磬֮жƿ֮£ͼ߳ģҶɹ٣ӵԪԸһʮ֮ǰʮˣʱս죬ɱϯһͬһӿȥ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ڡڴȻʮ߽ս󣬹һ壬ǿڴܶ÷棬Ǿӵһ죬ɳĮںɫ֮£һѪ
ãѪ̼ѪǰĸͶһˡɫһ䣬˵
ܲˣһ֡˵
ãЩӦ˵
¡¡
ʮڴǰУƽʮߣһǿŶϿն˿ռѷ죬֮ڣҪɳԵˡ

̴һʮ̲ȡ̬սգ⺣һ㡣
۵
ĿɷڹͬһɷһȣһǿƥŶۻͬͭǽڣͬһ飬ǰս̱
ɱ
·Ѿϵһ㣬ȣӳֹԪ۳һɵսˡ
ߣ
һˣȻڴܣ԰ʮ߻۳սҲòܷâ
һ֡
ɫ䣬һ˫˫Ŀ˸ɱ⣬˵ͷˣʱʮڴܴǰڡڴܴ๥Ҫ߽ʮߵķս
һֲ̫ˣ
ء
һ޷ݣػһ㣬ʮγɵսһ˲ը̬ƣۣ֪мʮһѪɳȥ
ȫӽȥ
ޱһ֣һץʱнǧӽɫ֮С
ӣ
һۣû˿ԥȥ
ɱ
ʮ֮Ѫ
ǧ˳ˣô죿
ڵǧ˶ӣ˳ˣǧ˳Ҳǵѣ˵ȥɣ
Ӱ
һ˲䣬˷ֻʮڴͬʱ֣ڡһЭ滹ѪûܹӳȥнɫѪҽ
̫ɲˣ
̫пˣ
̫ˣ
ʮûܹӹˣѪǰڴܣӵԪĴڣҲ޷ƿԼѪ

ҳ壬һһξнֻǰʮѾн˴룬Ҳ޷⡣
ˣ
ͬʱɫڵѪҲԽԽˡ
̫ˣĹĲҪȫ߽ˡЦ

ȫӽȥһ˵ֶΪбΪѪȣΪ飬ֱһ֣ɱ۾գһ£·ʮߵоͬһ۵ĵһ㡣
ݣ
ͻȻ׵ģ˷һˮͰֵĽɫˡ
ʲô
˶ɫ䣺ãԪڵԪڣ

ǧѪڡ߱¾һ˲˴룬Ψгʮڴڲѡ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
һһ˲˷ǺɱֻһԪڷε˳֣ǧ֮࣬ڡڡڴڣͷļȻµĶȳϣ޵ڴڡ
ɱ
ˣʣ಻ʮڼ·ʱ
Ԫôˣ
ô죿
У̫ˣȳϣǱˡ
һ˲䣬ʮڴܶɫ䣬Ŀһɨ˵ĹѾ˰˳ɣԲܹһһУƾǵֵʣĹֻҪֵܹȥеõ컯Ļʣһٳɾ컯ܡ
ǲΪԪ˼£Ҵһ֪˴£һġ˵
Ĺ˵
ǡʮڴܶ컯ɾ컯ܸ̼ˣǵԸܾʹ˷Ѿٰʮߣʹ˷ǸԪ׼£ǾԲġ
ɱ
ȳϴԪڵɱǧѪһ⣬ȫɱҲڻ֮УָҶģ
¡
ͻȻһֻ󽭴һǺϯǧڱڣһЦ£Ĺûħķݣ
ħ壿
ȳɫһ䣬ҲɫͫȻֳһĨϲ⡣

ڹһħУһӰˣ·Ǵһ߶һħ죬ͬħ죬ȻǶħ壬еλħ壬߳Ŀ࣬׵˳
Ĵ޵ڴܣ
ħ磬ѵħսɣһȳɫƵ˵ħ壬ûһԴ
Ǻǣ⻰δ̫ˣˣֻΪĹõĶԻ뿪һħ˧˵
ħҲȾָǰܵĹǼֱ롣ȳ˵
ʱ䣬㻹ɡħ˧˵ţһӣ˵ߣ
Ҳȥȳһۣ˵
Ԫڵĵ̣ڶܵռţã˾֮ܵأ˵õħõ
ৣ
һ˲䣬Ԫǧ˽УȻҲ档
Ұ
նǰһƬڰδü鿴ܵĻϾͣͬһ缤ֻǺɫѪɫѪɫ


1223 ǿħ
ЩѪɫ棬֯һݣ˻𣬿ŭĹų˺ҧ

ͬʱӻҰĿռܼͬˮһ˵ĶëȻֻһѪڳǰÿһѪһ
ڳԳֵ˲䣬ǧƵѪɫ缤˷ġġֵ
ʣ
Ȼɾ˲ʯ壬Ҳд齣֣һƥĽֳ֮ͷϿգ˷ֵȥ
ۣȻѪɫ糬ķǽ֮Ҳֵס
̫ˣ
ƤӶһȷ̶ȣѾɱһڴˡ
룬ҲȻ޹ֺЩڵ򳤽֮ĻᶼûУȷ֮ʱ˵ڣڲȫֵҲɥĿܡ
仰˵ֻǼ򵥵ߣһѾɥˡ
Բǣ
ৣ
ֲ֮ãʩչ˸ĽԪһʽռ䣬˷ӿѪɫ·ȫ۴⣬ۣԵͬһڻҰ֮д
һ·ǰУ˫ǲҽֹˮ޷һ˲ȥ˶ˡ
Կ϶ΪûдﵽڣֻڣģԴԴϵѪɫ磬ҲˣĿܣΪںɱ¾Ѫ֮ںϣ֪
ˣ
Ҳ֪н˶̸Ӧǰ·һ޾ѪǻУͬٴ麣һ㡣
Уɢóͷһ
̫ǿˣ
ͬʱҲоһʮǿڱԲ룬ĹˣҲλ˾µ
ûȥ鿴뷨ֱĹĶȥ
Ϊ˵õλ˾µıȻлԵȻҲᣬͻڣֻڴܵĹ֮л

ͻȻͨڴϻõ
һӣϻó
Ȼһ󷨡ϻ˫Ŀտտй˵֮У̺һ˿ϲ⣬˳ʵʲôȼ󷨣
ǵۼϵʥ󷨣ʥ󷨵Ļʲ󣬳λ˾Ϊﵽ˺ڡϻ˵
ߡԵ
֪ϻҪͻڣҲҪٵۼ󷨣ֻȻŹ
Ȼǰϵʥ󷨣Ǿ͸ˡ
ԺϻһһǰС
ˣˣˣ
һᣬԾ͸оһǰ󷨵
ࣿ
ʱһһֻߴĺɫӰ֣Եͫ׶ʱһ˵ڣڴħϵڴܶˡ
ˡϻ˵
Ȼħܽ¶ѪϢҲȣԼ١
ߣ
Կ˴ħһۣ˵֪ڴˣҲܹġ
ȥħ֪һСô߽ġħ˵ˣӲͬĦĤۡ
ǱԨˡħܹ
ৣ
һ˵꣬ħ̤߳һץ򳽻ԡ
ߣ
һԲǰϻȳһ
Ŀ꣺ǰ󷨣
׷
ħһۣ˸ɱͬħϯ׷򳽻ԣ󷽵ħǱԨһ̤ԸоõһĻָơ
жԶĿ⿴޾Ұ磬ʵ
ˡϻõ
ԣԲ
Сӣ㻹ӣӵ𣿡ħں󷽶ԳԻһҪɱļƣɣһ׷ϳԣǾͻֻ֣ǲףԼɵĲǣǱԨ
Ϊֻ߲ܶԳԲв
ˣˣˣˣ
ǰռ֮еĦǿԺϻö˵ٶȽ͡
ʱϻ˵ˡ
ô
̧һȻһɫĻ̺ǿһִڡ
ǡʥ󷨣ԣϵʥ󷨣찡ĹһλΪﵽڵĴڡϻóһ£ϲֵ˵̫ˣʥ󷨣ҲͻҲֿɵãҪǣͻ컯ϰҲûˡ
˵ţϻÿ򳽻ԣ˵ֻҪʱ󷨡
Ҫ೤Ըɾʵ
һʱϻ˵
áûгɣɫĿ׷ħ˵ȥɣһûֹܹ㡣
Сġϻÿ˳һۣ˵꣬ûɫĻ֮Уʧ
Сӣ㲻𣿡ʱħ׷ݺݵĿų˵ӣӣ㶼
ৣ
ûκλ齣һһɨۣڴܻδӦͱϣˣһɨұߵħܡ
ʲô
ħܶǴʧɫ
ۣ
ұߵħֵܼ޷ֹ⵹Ҳء
ɶɱС
еѪͨ屻ϣħ̸壬۾֮жŭɱ
ˡ
ֻǻδɱ򳽻ԣԾѾǽǰɫŶֱӽħܵûۣ˲䣬ħܡһ屬ըѪ߲ա
ʲô
ұħܾӣͬʱǱԨ˾
ۣ
䣬Ե߲ͽûҲûѣĥꡣ


1224 ħ
ɱӲ꣬Ҳֻ·һ
ֻ˵
ɱ
ǱԨһųԣ¶˾֮ɫ˵Сӣ˵֣
ৣ
û˵齣һǱԨλħڴܡ
ʲôҪԱħ֣ǱԨһ㶣Ц˵ȤȤһΪҲҶڵıħ֣ȻֻǴﵽͨˮ׼Ҫɱ㣬Ҳ練ơ
һ˵꣬һֿµĽϮǱԨȻʲôʣȴû֣ͣһһֻӥצĺɫצϿץ򳽻ԣռ䶼˺ˡ
ϡһ
һ絹ǳԣ¶ʧ֮ɫǱԨڴܣֻǴﵽͨˮ׼һצҲȥԼһ
Ѿ׼ϾԪȳϽ֣Լ˲䣬ʩչնľˮбԴɣһն£ɫ⻡ž죬һ¡
ãСӣΪȻܹʩչ˵нֱһţΪħɱ㣬ɳһħС鷳
ųԣǱԨ˫ĿͬԨһ˸һһһһɫìһ˺ɫ
ۣ
нֽɵһ㣬׶ɫì򳽻ԡ
ʲô
Դ󾪡

ڵʯ֮䣬һ̧˴ˣֱɺɫì

ǱԨ΢΢һ㶣˵ƣδ䣬ֱֻһŤصһɿնըѿԵҲ˳ȥ

ֻǱԨûиһ㷴Ӧʱ䣬˫ǣݵһɫìݺݵĴ򳽻ԣСӣɣ
Ԫ
ʥ
ն
ڴΣͷԲ˿иͷģ۵һ㣬˫齣뽣Ϊһ壬ԶԶȥһ˫ռֱɫìٶһʥϵɱ¾
һǲնֱ˳ɫìľ룬һɫì˳ȥ৵һ£ǱԨץУųԣǲԼ۾Ķųԣ˵
ͷʲôϵΪλʥ
Ƿţһƽɫݣȴ΢΢üԼǵ͹ЩħܣһЩµĶܹϳʥⲻǳԾȵĵطȵǣǶܼɵš
˵𣿺ܺãǱħͽץѻꡣǱԨݺݵĵ

ǱԨҲ˱仯һƬƬɫγγһīһĺڼףλãһ޵쳣Ļš
ޣ
֮ޡ
˵ֵĻаǳ
ˣ
һ̣ǱԨеĺɫì糵ڴһХڳììҲǸֳһ쳣ͬѪ޻Ŵ˻ԶͫһΪڴ˻ϸоһļµ
СӣìǱħ֮֮ìģܹڴì֮£ӦøеңȻҲΨһһñħôìߡǱԨ˵
ݣ
֮ս֮ս֮֮ìַɳǣ֮ռѣ߳߶ۣ˫·ﶼ޷ֹһìΪͺֻ
ʣ
һìԲҴ⣬ȫԸ齣һĽ
ն
һȣ齣Ϊһ壬뽣鳽һ壬ˣ˼Ƚ
һޱȣ
һ򵥹ӣ
һڽ
ˣ
ͬһʱ䣬۾־꣬ʩչ˴ûǱԨľ磬ǿưꡣ
ʲô
ʱǱԨɫ䣺ʲôʲôͨ
أ
һ޷ݵըԵҰ綼·ʧȥĻҰɫʣֻһɫǾ޵ɫֻǾ޵ĺ죬Ҳһ֮л飬֮ìɳȥ

ͬʱǱԨһͷоԼҪԼľ磬ҪԼ룬ʹ֣ͺþӾԼһ
ǱԨ־Ե

һӲĽƳԼľ磬ɫ䣬ӱˣдȻڴܹȻԼܹģ˵ͨڴܡ
ɶСӣñħŭˣֻܹϴ
ǱԨĿɱһץ֮ìݺݴ򳽻ԡ
飡
ûκεֵ֮һѪɳȥ
ɣ
ǱԨ
ֻ
֮䣬ʩչԼɱﵣֻڴֻ֮£κҪֻ֮Уͬﶬ긴һ꣬ܶʼֻأǱԨҲ⣬ͺ߽˻Ȫ֮Уֻء
ֻأֻ
ʱǱԨɫĺУɭȻ˵СӣӵֻҲɱħΪ޷ʩչֻ
أ
һεķֶ£һ죬ֻǱԨ塣
ۣ
ԵһѪڲ֮еɳȥ

ǱԨͺһ֮ì򳽻Եѣһ̣Ҳﵽһ㣬ֱӽԵ߲ײ١
޷һǹ
ˣ
ʯ֮䣬һֻ֮һںɫìԶߴìҲһѪ֮ȻҲһ֮ì
Ȼ֮ì
Ǵ򳽻ԣǴǱԨ̳֮ì
飡
֮ìƫǱԨ֮ìҲ˳ȥ


1225 ǰ
˭
ǱԨɫõγ˭ɢԨƺɱ¾ͺǶŭ

ҰĻ֮£ռ䱻߳һźɫ磬һ֮ì꣬ͦģа죬һֲһϣҲ֮⣬һɸӿµ
һ֣·Իһһ㡣
ɭ
ǱԨԼ֮ͬì꣬һ£ɭȻɭ㾹Ȼֹħɱ࣬֪ôΪԼõʥʶͿ赲ħ𣿡
ħɭҲǳԵħ
ϣȻҲһڵϢ
ֻ˵ԨԴ
ǺãɱǱԨħɭĿ˸վǼɵеʥ˵
áħɭԶÿһ¾ͳһȦⲨҲǿһ֡
ߣǱԨˣһ
棬Բ
ˣ
ֻħɭ̧֮ìʱХ֮׹İһ㣬˫һƬ˿УƽĿųԣͬĮȻ޶һ㡣
ɶ񣬴ҲڣȻҲܹǰСһһвħϢǱԨħڳԺħɭɨһۣаǼɵʥħվɱӡ
ɭĳ֣ôǰ˵
ǰ
ճеλ棬ʱֻΪƾΪԼħ֮ӱһЩħܵĹעвǱԨǿߡ
ֻǣЩһǰֵһᡣ
ʥ
ʥеħĴڣǸߵħǿڣͨߡ
ţһ˾ڴܡ
֮Уɭ߽Уʱеλʥͣ˵ܹߵ磬Ϊͽ
һУħ𾪡
ҲΪˣħ嶼Բٶħɭɱ֣в˲ϣɭ֮һǱԨǽɭŽ˴˴Ĺ֮С
ɭǱԨ˫Ŀٴ˸˼Ƿɱ漴ͷһɣΪʥϾǰɭʥҪΪͽ˰
ͷһɣһڶɫ䣺ɭħ֣һ˲䣬ǱԨҪɱɭʥ֮ìݺݴ˳ȥ
Ԫ
ʥ
ྫ֮
ֻһԵĳԣգ֮䣬ʩչɱУռӻǱԨ֮ìٶȣʥྫ֮ľ磬޷ʩչͨ

ħɭʩչ֮֮ͨìһ˲һֻ޴ĺɫͫտǱԨµᣬ򵥵һᣬȴûɫռˣͬʱһɱˡʹζǱԨͷһͬζ
ã
ͬʱҲо˲ྫ֮ɫ䣬æĹΪأֻǳԺħɭͬħɭ̫ˣǱԨδ뵽ṥԼζû뵽Ͼħĵ
У֮

ǱԨɢҽһһѪɳȥ
ɱ
ħɭԲһɱǱԨҪɱΪһڴܣħɭݣߣ룬ǱԨ
õ
ǱԨʱȻŭȳֻҪŭ
ħ壬һλɭϵ壬ǱԨǻ壬ħɭֻ壬һħ嶯֣ⲻһ治
ɭ壬߸ϵıħ֣վǽʬǱԨ˫Ŀ䣬ͬںԨɢɱͺڰԼ֮磬ɢһɿɲĻԲ
ݣ
֮ͣìѸٿǣǧɣ֮Ƴħɭ̹ȥ
ͬʱһһһ⻡ȻУžһ򳽻ԣ֮ض·˺ѳ롣
ˣ
ˣ
ħɭͬʱ֣񽣣ۣͽ֮ìķɳȥһ˲һֻ֮˺Ѷ⻡ף˫ĽնǱԨ
֮ţ
ħɭ뱾𳽻һһңлǱԨٻ˴˵֮е֮ţʱһǿ֣áɽʬǧɹ顢йȡԩ귢ǺצǱԨ

ǱԨŭû뵽һħȻ䵽ĵزû˵ĻҲ䵽˵زɫݣԺħɭȥ˲䣬ˡ
Ȼܣ
˵ȥ¶û˻ţһڴ߾ȻҪܣܴ衣
һħָΪͽǶúǱԨųԺħɭжݺݵ
ס
ԴһԪǱԨٶȣͣʮɿռ䶼
֮ŭ
ħɭһȻ˿飬һ˫ùݵ˫һһƴĺɫӰȻֻаɸߴ󣬵ɢȴһ𣬾ͺһ㡣
ˣ
·ŭˣûκֹܹ
ֻؽ
һʽںֻûй⻪ûйԣһ̺ȴļ£ʹֱӹֵ־·ҪնһնһУֻء
ڰ
ǱԨзݣû뵽ħɭ֮ãֱûܵĻᣬٶȸһܵӰ죬ħɭ֮ŭѾƽں󷽵Ǵֻؽ˹ĹǱԨֱӴ˴ڰ


1226 ϻͻ
ʮͨʮλ
壬һʽͨ
ֻʮ֮ĵĴڣǰ֮ͨ⣬˭棿
¡
Ұ·֮УһƬڰһؾͷ·һ٣ۣҲζǱԨĴڰˡ
ۣ
һѪɫҰ׵ĿųԶˣ˵СӣǺݣ˻ɱ˱ħ˵꣬ھѪۣһһƬѪ֣ںϣɱ¾Ѫ֮Ĵ֮ͨ
ʮֿ£
Сģ
ʱԺħɭɫ䣬һۣߵһ𣬾ȻںΪһ壬һɸӺƴɢֱڡ
ԵģȻûб䣬ȴǷ˸ı䣬ڷᶨηĻ֮ϣһа졢ڰ䡣
ʲô
ˣǱԨʱ󾪣ʧôܣ
ǰһĻֱһ徹ȻܹһħΪһ壬Ȼ֪һ̣Ͼ¶Խ𾪵ɫ˵ǷǶ˱һ壿
˵֮䣬мֱͬһ㣬޷ţԼȻܹۼ֤֮ˡ
֪߿壬ħ壬ֻܹɹˣȴǷëǣ٣ǱԨļ֮Уû˷ԭΪһ̫ˡ
ڵΪҪԼ꣬һ߷Ҳѱȵ죬ΪΪԽߣԽΣգɢֱ޿ܣǰ߾Ȼˡ
ǱԨò𾪡
⻹һ㣬ǷѳķȻһ壬һħ壬ֱֻΪѳͬ壬ʮֹ̫ˡ
ͷһǱԨҲΪɭǰСӾɱԼ
ৣ
û˿ԥǱԨӶݡ
񳽻ħɭΪһ壬ʵӲǶ֣ӡ
ǱԨӣ
ֻǣӶݵһ˲һǱԨһʱֻһ⻪ҫ۵ĽնǱԨһŶڰɱ¾Ѫ֮һϯȥ
䣡
ʱγһҵĹǬ
ǱԨ֪ԼԺΪһ壬ʵǿĳԣѾûܵĻᣬһս
ˣˣ
·صߵج𣬺ݺݵĳ򳽻ԣնɱһ
أ
콣ն£৵һ£ԵӰ罣һ㣬֮жǽʮֵĴ⣬˼㣬иҪ£ǳ¶Ҫն
ۣ
ǱԨǾĿ֮У콣ƽԼǰʧɫҲ߶۷壬Է
һڴܵľԷ
ҵס
ǱԨĿŤ˻ߵ
أ
һƬ貽ûһ죬ֻǱԨɳȥһѪ
һħܱˡ
һҲǱԨѩϼ˪
ն
Ϳռںϣռڳǰ·𲻴ڣõһֱӳǱԨǰ齣һԨƺ罭纣ǱԨһɨ
ǣ
廯صǱԨ˻ʹСӣ㲻ú
ৣ
û˵ֱ߲ӽǱԨ߲֮Уৣһ˲䣬޾Ľϯû壬һǳ洫ڳԶ
ֻǣɫûбһ¡
ǱԨ
һڴܣȻֻͨڣȫʢʱڵҲǳħܹɱġ
ϧƲã
ȻҲ飬齫һѪⶼʣ¡

ǱԨ˻ߵĲҽһȫˡ
ˣ
Ŀһɨ߲֮ûһ˿ǱԨϢڣ¶һĨ㵣ԼȻɱһڴܡ
ˣ
ʱһɺƴںɢһϻã
ৣ
һӰ߳ϻá
ڣԵ
šϻõͷ˵ʥ󷨣ͻڣҸоԼҲԶˣ컯Ҳкôһ죬컯
áԴϲϻõʵİҲԽĹ֮Уǿ԰
ħˣϻĿһɨ
ţҺͷɱˡԵͷһħɭ࣬ϻöʱ󾪣Ҳڣ
šħɭͷ
ˣϻȻͻڣʥ󷨣ĹҲһ˽ɣʵ
Ϸϻ˵
ߡԵ
ৣ
ԡħɭϻõĴ£Ĺ
Ĺ֮УΣأĹΣһħ塢ԪڡҪ֧ȻƤӵȡĹ֮еıɲνڵ졣
ˣҲҪһ
οħɭϷ֮ȥĻִһЩ
һ·ǰУ
ѾԿ϶ѾĹĴ
Ȼⶼϻãʥ󷨣ĹĵشΪɢ޷ֹԪڡ硢ħĽ룬ȻԶȡĹشΣȴȻ
ħںһ壬ٶѸס
ϻõĴ·Ĺ֮УͬԼҵĺ԰һ
ৣৣৣৣ
ֻǣ֪ĺ󷽣ͬд˽룬Ԫڡ硢ħˡ
һüͷ΢壬˵һ
ôܣ˾
ȷʵ˱Ƚ˴һץԪ˸ֻ̯ĺȻ買ĵ㽣⣬Ŀңǰ˵һֻͣϢҲڡ


1227 ɱΧ
᲻͸ղͻȻ߽йأ˵
ûиϵ֮ԽΪһɺǿų޹ء˵
ΣĹıز˵ϣ뱻ա˵
һۣ˵ߣ
Ǻ󷽣мˣڴܣ֮⣬ٶڴܡ
һǿ
ͬʱԪںħҲһ
һͣԪڣһȳ˵
ԪϣɽϢЩϤʱһ˵Ҷġ
ҶԪԺǺһЦ˵γϣ֪ҶֻΪɽϢڣһ㣬ԪѾݣֻԪԳϼӵ˵ȫҶ֮һ
ǡͳϳɵ
ûʲôǵģ㶨ȻǸоˣϾҶҲһͣϢ⽣ϢΪҶҲ֣ˣǻǼӿٶȽȥɣĹ֮еıɲħˡԪϰ˵
ǡγϵͷɣֻҶµӡԲԼо
ħһ
ɭϢǰļħܣһĿ⾼˵
ɭħܶǳһ
ɭأ˵ħʵ
ǬħɭһħܹصǽĹ֮ΪѪԵʣ˶ɢˣ֮ǰѾɭ˺ûзӦ
ŶǬħ˫һУ˵ѵǴӣ
ǬħⲻܰɣӺֻΪܹħ˵
ߣҪˣʥеġǬħ˵
ǡħӦ
ǬħǲǴӣܿͼħһλħ˵ҲǴ˴ħ쵼֮һ
ߡǬħ˵

Ĺ
ۣ
ԺϻǰУ˲ٹһһܹ
ڣѾӽĹ
Ҳоһǿǳͺһڳһʱпѡ
ԺϻöǱסȫϢСǰ
¡
ͻȻҰռһǰ¶ʱһ䣬һӴޱȣʥ쳣ĺɫǰ
һīĹ
ɢԨƺϢļ¡
ڳԺϻý£һһĳף·칬һ㡣
ڳߣʮɫһ߾ˣħйȡнʬйȵȣһʮϣоһ˿һϢȴһΣ쳣ĸо
Сġϻõ
šԵͷħںһ壬Ϊ޽ӽڣսҲ޽ӽڣȻֻͨս
ણ
죬Ժϻ˳ס
ˣ
ʱһɫ߼ȻǴʮۿ֮ҫģϻöʱУСġ
꣡
˲䣬е齣һб£һδƽһɫ飬һĹڴܵȫһ
赲˳ԡ
ߣ
գ۹򣬳Ժϻʮɡ
ٽڶܡ
һΣԺϻö߶һۣû˵ȥ
ݣݣ
һΣŶţһİɫͷؿаɭɭݣҧ򳽻Ժϻá
ն
ͺһе齣Գ˳ȥ׻ȸĴ޻û֣ռݶϡķ罣һҧͷ
ˣ
ͬʱϻôһ֮һָ۴һߵͷ
ۣ
ͷ֮ɢڰС
꣡
ͬһʱ䣬ҧ򳽻ԵͷҲ飬ķѡ
һοڴܣһԵܵĹ²ڣ൱ǿڴܡϻÿǰʮĵü˵
ϣˣǽûκλᡣ˵
⻰˵ʵȻħںϣҲֻΪ޽ӽڣսͨڴܣվδͻڣĻпܴ󷨡
Ǿһ԰ɡϻ˵
šɫϽĵͷڴ˹ͷСģɲԼЦ
һԵ֮ʮɣҲʮף̨׵ĻһٽףֿߣڳԺϻ˵һĹǾѾ˵Եǰһ̨ס
ϻãͨɡ˵
ãѾͻڣȫʩչҲʱƲˡϻ˵
áԵ
ણ
ͬʱȥ
¡ž
ʱֻһ⻡һ֮һһҴ򳽻Ժϻöˣһ幥ȫǣܣˣֻӲ
ȻڴܵĹ
Ԫ
ն
û˿ԥԾƽ˺Ѷµ⻡
ͬʱȺϻҲ֮⡣
ǰӦ൱ڴܵĹˡ˵
ߡϻõ
ۣ
ۣ
Ժϻô˵ĶԵܵĹ
ԡ
ԺϻöǰûȥΪĵ͹ȣ൱ͨڴܵĹ
УǴȥϻü˵
ԲüͷԵܵĹƣԣ߶ԣڰ˶ԣھŶأ
ԣ൱ڶڴܵĹ
߶ԣ൱ڼڴܵĹ
ڰ˶ԣ൱޵ڴܵĹ
ھŶԣ൱ǿڴܵĹ


1228 Ҷ㻹
Ԫڡ硢ħ޷ĹΪǿҲֻ޵ڴܣ޷ƽھŶԵĹ
һ룬Եüͷĸˡ

ʱ󷽴Ʒ֮
ˡϻ˵
ৣ
̽ϻͽ֮ͨУһֻһһͼһӰ֣һ˲䣬ԪڵԪϡĳħǬħע⵽˳ԡ
ʲôˣ
ħ޼ɵԣͺչϵһΨԪһǿųԶһ㶣γʧҶ㣿
Ҷ
ԪһԪϵ˶ˣ˶Ҷû
ҶλϡԹ˵
㾹ȻûԪϿųԣҲмֲţγһۣû뵽Է¶ˡ
Ԫڵӣɱһһ̤ɱҰһץ򳽻ԡ
ֹԪϺ
ʱֻԵ촽΢΢˶Ԫϵ˾ɲĿһۣȻͬʱ֣ͣûֹԼ߹ԡ
ɣ
ʮڡ߶ԳЦҪɱϵЦ˲̣ǵĹһ볤׷ΧӭʮĹһ˵Ϸ
ۣ
צԪȣ罭ӲݣһԶԵĹƽ⡣
˲䣬͹˵Եǰ
ৣ
һһצһצȴ˵ԵĹ߽⣬ৣ۾һƽԵ
ӵ𣿡
޵ڴܣȻܵĹҲûбУৣأৣأҪץסԣȴΣɫ࣬ŭһץ
á
нкá
أ
ʱֻ˵צ˵ھŶԵ棬һɻֱӷֱۣ̻һƬѪ֧飬ҽһֱӱھŶԵֻһˡ
ʲô
˺ħһʱɫ󾪣ԪԪϵȻѾõ˳ԵĸߣһĻҲɴһϾһ޵ڴܣκһ˵м
Ϊеλ棬ﵽǿڴڵҲֻôһ֡
ңһ˶һ䣬ǲ޵ڴ޵Уһ޵ߣǰˣֹֹˡ
ɱһҪɱ
Ϊ˧Ϊ˧𡣡
ɱҶ
һ˲䣬һ߾ŭ˼㣬˺ͳ˶򳽻ԣ֮жɱ⡣
ٺ١ħһǬħȴЦϹۣħУοĹ֮УǰͲԪں޵ڴ⣬ˣȥһвȻˡ
һһһ
ԪϵҲ˼ϾԪڵĵ̣κزҲӦԪڲǣȻԸħԭƽˣҲǽһв
ã
Ƕ̾һ
λϣھĹ൱ǿڴܵȫһƾǵ޷ƽһϰҲ޷ȡù֮еıءվڵھŶԵǰ˵
˻һ˶һ
ԪϡɽˡǬħ˶˳һۣ󶼽Ŀ䵽˵ھŶԵ棬üͷһ壬ûлɳ˵ĻΪղһĻ·ǰˣ޵ڴܾھŶԵµġ
Ҫ쵼˶û˵˾͸˵ˡ
ȻˣλƵһΣʱǬħ˳Ŀ࣬׳ͷһͷïܵͷҰǳĿͭ壬ӣĿͺһǰɨ
һƾһȷʵƽ⣬ΨһķԪ˵
ǣԪϺǬħˡ
á˵Ƕ֡
šԪϵͷ
ȻǬħЦ
ʼɡԪϵ
ৣ
߶ǰԪϡǬħһۣǵͺһ۳ΰͣͬˮһӿˣһ˲䣬ڰ޵ڴܵĴ֮£һǧڴһ֡
¡¡¡¡
һĹֱӴھŶԵ֮׶𣬿ɲ˼㡣
飡
飡
죬ֻը
С
һ˲Ȼ֣һ򳽻ԣҪȡͷ­ֶκ飬һоҪԵ
ʲô
ʱɫ䣬Ҳ̴߶ʯ壬ϵĴֻն˳ȥ
ң
˲䣬ԪϺγϵ˳֣
أ
һ죬һ˳ȥ
Ҷû°ɣγϵǰʵ
û¡ҡҡͷ˵лλϾ֮
ܺáԪ͵Ŀ˳һۣ˵ȻдԵˣһ̫ΣգϷϣ
ԪϷģҶסԹ˵
ţߡԪϵͷ˵
ˣ
ͻȻ˺ͳǰ
ôﶯ𣿡γʵ
ȴߡǬħ˳һۣ˸һĨ֮ɫһЦһӣħһ߳Ϲ
ߡ˿˳һۣеɱ⣬ȵ
Ҳ߰ɡԪ˵
ৣ
һ˲䣬򹬵
ΰ׳ֻͨī·кɫƵ˾ù֣ԽǱƽеѹָоԽǿҡ


1229 
Сġ
Ԫٴѣһࡣ
ǣ
˶Ӧһ
סǡ
ʱǬħȻһʮӰȥ󷽣ħ֮䲼һ󣬺¡¡ʱ񱩡͡ĹϯǵصԪںһ¡
ʲô
Ԫϡ˶Ǵһɫݣƻħ塣
ħĴУһɱǣȻƾʵùڵĶԪϿˣ˵
á˵
һ̣ԪںУվһ
ΪߣǻһЩ󷨹ħ߲󣬿ǿ󣬵ȴ޷ֵסĹʱһƬҽ֮ѪɣѪĽ
Ԫںһӵϣħȫһڡ
̫ˡ
ˣԶһǿڴܶ޷ֵ
ߣ
˺Ԫ϶˵Ĵ£Ԫں߽빬֮С
̫ˣ
ǰĹ̫ˣĴҵκһԴݣһһ̻Ի͵˼簡
ţ
ڹǰţÿһоɸߣаʮһ֮࣬ҶǶʶ޷ɨУͺԨһ㣬ɼס
ˣԪϺ˵˶һ
ħϢǽСԪĿ䵽˵ھϣоâ˸˵
Ԫϣôôѡγʵ
žŰʮһţ̫ˣλ˾֮ܵһһ֮У˷ֿһšԪ˵
áγϵ
ৣৣৣ
ͬһʱԪϡγϵ˷ԯţһҲֱ룬һҲֻܿԵˣϾ˾ֻ֮ܵһ֮С

û˻뵽Ի˵ھš
Ҷ
Ԫϡγϵ˶һԪ˵ĪǸӦʲôˣ䱦Եߵ֮ǿߡ
ھš
һ룬һɺƵ֮ڳϯһڴ֮еĸоԵɫ̩ɽǰɫ䣬һƣڽ͵ơ
һǰ
η޾壡

Щǽ͵Ʒʡ
Ȼ߱Ʒʣƶ񡢱١Ҳԭ
ţ
֮Ҳ
ţ
Ҳ
ԣѡ˵ھš
·һʯҲ·һռ䣬ֺһ磬ԳһӰ졣
ܣһƬ
ۣ
ڳԳֵ˲䣬һյյ
ˣ
ʱԸܵһɹ̹̹ӷ緶һĻ˵Ϣ
ǡ
ɻĿ䵽һյյ͵ϣЩϢǴӵ֮ɢģһ˲䣬ԸоԼķ·һյ͵ƣһȱΪնĵõɮ
Ƿ֬ϻһҲ¶ɫʣ˵˵ŵĵõɮһԪ֬֬Ө̫һ㣬͵֮еǡ÷Щʡ
ԣԶɫݡ
žŰʮһյ͵ƣ
ǰʮһŴܰ
λ˾ܾȻԷŴķ֬ΪԼȼֱݳ޵˼㡣
㰡
Ҳ֮ͨгŮӻһɰѩСޣȴ¶˳Իһ顣
ӣļ֬ġǰķ֬˫ĿӢ˵
ѽҲڸĻ
£
ϻ˵ֻǷ֬κ˶ܹΨ̹߲ſԷãĺķããܵ֬ķӰ죬пܡ
¡̾
ǹڹ䣬Ľ͡һЦ˵
šϻþȻͷ˵Ǿ˫Ľͣ˴ħʹʥҲ˵Եһʽ˵һͻڡ
ǺãҾһԡԵͷ˵ǰˡ
ৣ
ֻһӣһյ͵֮еķ֬ȡ˳ϻ˵Өģǳ֪Ȼһλһů
ף
֬ģԺȻ¶죬ȻоڵĴʥתеķ֬ҲܿƵ뵽֮Уһ϶һɹϢͬʱʥҲһ֡
ȻСϻõ
ѽѩ׵צųԻ˻ӣ˵ҲҪԡ
СһԺǺһЦһץ֬Уָ˵Ҳԡ
ллӡ˵
һͷ˷֬ˣˣϺȻҲһɹϢ
澹Ȼͻƣﵽڡ
áЦǲҪ÷֬ɹ֮зá
ǣӡ
Ҳܻ졣
ϻãܷ֬ʵ
飬˵Ӧܣ޾ԣ֬ȻΨиС֮˿ԷãһԡϻҲ¶⶯֮ɫֻСȡһ֬ĴָС塣
ˣ
Ҳһʥֻ֮Ǻ
Сϻþϲ
ǺãǾͽ֬ȫȡɡ˵
áϻõ
ৣ
ȥĿ֬ʮ߿飬ȫȡϻãԭ̷֬
ˣ
ϻ˳֬ϵϢԽԽǿѾƽڣֻǳȴǳ״һҪħɭͬ֬ʱȴǳųЧˣħɭ˵𣬿޷֬ɡ
áһ̾˵


1230 µ
һ飡
飡
߿飡

ʮ飡
ˣ
ˣ
ڳԺϻ϶һʥࡢ߽ࡢϢڷŵ
ڣ
˫ۣ¶˾ϲ飬ȻͻƵڣΪʵɻǣ־ʶһʥζﵽĽ׵ˮ׼ֱ޿
Ƿ֬á
ϻãֻȻѾﵽڣϻúЦ˵ܺãֻʥ֮ԴͿԹ컯컯֮ˡ
ϲϻá˵
ԣⶼĹͣΪעдԵ˵ˡϻ˵
ˣǼɡ˵ΪͻڣսѾֱ޵ڴܣ⹬֮У˭ܹ˺
ϣܹõһЩأܹ
֮⣬ҲҪΪ½ķǡŷѩŮǡ
Ҫһ㣬ѰҲҲˡ
磬ҳһҵ㡣ᶨ·بѴ棬ûκܹҡ־Ҿֹ֬ˮһֵõɮζϢȻɷһɰݵζ
޷ģ
ৣ
һ·ǰУ·ûоͷһ㡣
ˣ
ͻȻط·һ㣬Ժϻ߽һϢ磬˷֮ͬһʣÿһޱȣħɭϲ缢ƿʵ
ǣ
ǰһξ룬Ȼֻǰռ֮һƬݵ涼Ƿ֮֮¾֮ÿһǻʼ֮࣬ǷŵеλҲҪһȷѪꡣ
񡢳飬հɣ
ˣ̴˴ʥǰƵȫӡ齣֮С
ˣӡȽΪһʼ
һ棬齣ҲֻǾͻƵۼһβ࣬Ͼۼ̫ǿˣʥԳڵƿء
ˡ
ˣȡ¼ǧʼԼͻ֮ЩΪ齣Ͼ鳽飬Ƿ񣬶ڵƾ豾壬Ȼսˡ
ҲóԵǿ
ߡ
ԺϻٴǰС
֪ǰ˶
ڣǰһļµ
ǳԴ˿ͻڣӵ˿޵ڴܵʵļ¡
ϻһۣ˱˴еľɫ
Сġϻõ
ৣ
ǰУٽɿµ
䣡
䣡
䣡
׵ģ·һɢҰ綼ڲ
ô£ü
ãˡϻõ
ɫһ䣬ȫϢ·𲻴һৣһ̣ͼһӰ˷֣ħһܣǬħħħǿ޵ڴܡ
ˣûħˡ
ˣˣ
ֻ˺ͳԶ
ৣৣ
ţԪԪϡγҲˡ
ֻ޵ڴܹܲԯšջĿ⣬Ȼ
ô죿ϻʵ
ȻԪڵӵݣҳ˼ıұ֤ǲҳ֣һħȾ䡣Գ۾΢˵
áϻõ
ҲˣǬħԪϺ˵ˣޱ
Ԫڵĵ̣κһһľܹģ뿪ħͷҪԪ˵
˺ͳһԲ
ǵʵʱ򱣳ֳĬõġ
Ǿɡ
ǬħһЦһһڹɫħͺħ˽ں
ߡ
˺ͳҲȥ
Բǵõ
Ԫֻ˵һ䣬׷ȥ
ߡ
ãԺϻҲȥ
ʣ˾֮ܵ
ﲢȫҲΣգϾһ˾ڴ֮ܵء
ߣ
ǰǬħ˱ƽʱһ·˵һûκεУֻľ䡢ɭ͸¶һ⡣
ৣৣৣৣ
ֻһߴ󡢿ֲӰˡ
һʬһ顢һԩꡢһȣĴ
⻹ûн

һʣֻһͷɫӻɫռζһ
𣡡
һ޴İɫӰ֣һͷ׻

һͷȸɳ
裡
һͷ޴ޱȵˡ
׻ȸ䣬Ĵޡ
һǿһ⣬ɢ޵ڴܵϢ
һ֣ɱǣȡıǬħ˵
á˵
ɱԪҲûһ˳ȥ
塢ħܴս⸱ֱǲ˼顣
飡
ʱֻϼ䣬⺣죬ɨһײһӴһ
ǿҲȥĻȻֻһԺϻöԶʮ֮ңȻûпˣɢϢѾҡ
̵ְƴһϻ˵
áԵͷ˫΢У˵Ѿﵽг֮ýסͻƵɡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ǰս̫ˣ첻Ĺƣϯ֮ңóԺϻÿͫ׶һ
ǲǰ
ʮ޵ڴܶս޷󣬵ضǾ춯ء


1231 
ʱ
ⳡս˰ʱǽͣƺನɽ˾
ء
һֻ޺ǬħܾˣԪϵҲĴֲ˷ַֺıˡ
ɶ񣡡
ԪϡǬħ˵˶Ǵޡ
¡¡
ʱغɿµԶ
ۣ
ԪϺ˵˼ͬʱ¶ϲ֮顣
飡
һ󲻾ڶ֮УӰһ£ͷڣģ꣬ȻԪɣսģһɫˣһɫۣԵƥ
ۣ
ڣ
ǿߣ
ˣԺϻö𾪣û뵽ɺҲˣҲǣ˾ڴ֮ܵܹõĻ컯׾٣Ҫ˳ɾ˾һ˿Ե
˾
һʮڡڡǧڡڵľ硣
Ҳֻдﵽһ磬㲻һ˿񣬶ܹ
Ȼɺ⶯ˡ
û뵽ǶҲˡʱյһߴһЦ֮һΰӰ̤նֿտգһֲͬƣӵһϣǬħ˼˴ϲμۡ
ۣ
ɺ۶˶˫΢С
ôǶɱ𣿡ɫƽݲȵ˵
Σɿһۣ˵
Ǻǣ²ԸЦǺǵĵ
ৣ
ֻһӰۺ˳һˣһϮ·һֺһѧŵˣϣһֺǿҵ֮һսضΪһ塣
ӾϵĳĸǿһЩ
ⳤֻһǿڴܡ
ˣۡɣӶüͷһ壬û뵽ҵһλ֣һһλ塣
ͽĵ
ɱ۵
Ȼǵжħǰһ¶⣬ⶼԴħĳޣ㾡֮ˮϴÿһ嶼ħ˳Թ޲ɱ졣
ҲΪħܿħɭɱŭԭ
ħһҲˡ
ֻǣǰ˾Ȼħ壬Ը壬ֱ޿ˡɱȥ
ɺ۶˿ų˵飬Կ˵ʱȫ͵شˣ˫Ŀɴ󣬲ŵ˵磿

˾ǳԿѰҵĲ硣
ϣ½ĻԪܹ½ıǧеλ棬ҲΪѰҲ磬գˡ
磡
޿ˣڳˡ
ֻǳû뵽һַʽ˹Ȼʮ⣬ĺˣħ嶼Ұʲôģķ緶Ҳֻܹһо
ǲ磿ϻҲǴһԵľ˱仯æ˵ԣ
һ˵֪ô˵綼һǿڴڣʵǰᣬֵܹģ˵Բõ
̫ǿˣѾվеλ۷λãõ˾֮ܵ⣬ʮ֮˾ܹһ죬컯ߵ磬һҪɱĻʾ͸Сˡ
٣ڶʱ޷ɱ硣
ֻʱѾ࣬½ڼԱֹһУֹһеĸԴȡеĻԪ
ʮΣգԱ
šϻõͷȻòõĺ
ɣۣǶκβǶˣͬҲκβǣһͬȡΣ˵
ͬȡɺ۶˶üͷһ塣
˾ڴ֮컯һƽ֣˾ģͿԵıˡۼ˵
áɺ۶˶Ӧڵﻢ£սǲܵģΨк
ǺãȽЩɡ۵ĿɨĴĴһۣȻ˵
һ֡˵
ৣ
ɡۡۡ磬Ĵǿͬʱֱ֣ɫ䣬ɽʧɫ飬ĴĴ޾Եɳȥǿڴǰǲһ
ৣ
һ˲Գˡ
¡
ֱӴ˴Ĵޣ塣
ʲô
һĻۡۺͲ˳һҲɫһ䣬˵Ҷ㣿ôģͻˡ
ӽͻƶѡԹ˵ҪĴ޲
Ȼˣɡɴһӣ˳ֽĴ򳽻ԡ
ˣ
ԳɣĴޣȻֻǹǺڵȴǴľˣÿһ൱޵ڴܣҲ˵һ޵ڴܣֻϢûаֱ仯
ֻгܹоõͻƴˡ
̾һ˵Ȼˣ͸һȥɡ
ǡ˳˵
ˣֻۡۡǵĿ˳һۣһֶû˵һڣɼˣ¶һĪ΢Цǵãֻھܹսڣڣʵǿˡ
ڹؼʱ̣˵ܹá
ߡ
һȡ
ৣ
ɡۡۡ硢˽Ĺġ


1232 ᱦ
ף
һ׳ǰ֮䣬ǿձȰƽƽû˿·𲻴һ㡣
׵ܣһһǵۼһ伮һǵۼѧһƿƿҩҲǵۼҩһöö䣬ҲǼƷ䣬ʮö֮࣬һر
ףҲֻ˾ܲ䰲֮䡣̾˵
˾˵ľһ壬һ壬Ҳһ塣˵
ٷϻȡɡ˵
áɵ
ৣ
ͬʱȡץȡܵıҩ伮ʹ䡣
ˣһ˷ֵķ֮һ
վһߡ
޿ɺǣǿڴֱܷķݣ
ãסɨһۣ˵
áɡۡ˶ͷɫϽ֪ؼʱ̵ˣΪ˾ıǷ֮ڵġ
ģˡ
֪컯ڴͻ˾ڵͻֱ仯Ϊһģͬ˵һ㣬У̺˾һΪԼ˾ڵĻһ˾ڴܣ͸ӱˡ
˵еλ棬ǳڸߵλ棬ҲҪһƬСķ꣬Ͼڸߵʱ䣬ܹɾ˾ߣҲ޵ģֻ˾ڻڡ
֣
ɡۡۡˣûκԥĳ֡
ˡ
һ׳֣סʱռ䶼ָ˺ѡ۴⣬Ψײֺû˿𻵡
أ
һ죬˴ףһɺƴϯ飬ʱ˶˳ȥ
ৣ
Ҳһ˲䣬֮дڵˣˡ
ԣ
ǳԳˡ
ͬĻ֮µ񣬷ָռ䣬֮С
ʲô
˴ʧɫۡ۶˸ŭ죬ŭɱ
ৣৣ
ͬʱ֣ץףҪԴץ
ڱƤӵɱԪڵӣҲ׵ˡһ˲Ҳǳ֣ûۣۣߴŭɣ磬뱾֣ɱ
Ҫ˴ʧˡ
絭˵һ䣬ƽףһֻԪ֣ץף֮
أ
ֻǣǵ֮ǾȻи飬硢۶˶޹
ʲô
˶ɫһ䡣
ɶǿд۴ŭĴ֣ûܵóѣһ۵С⴫ȥֱǳ裬ɱɱ֣˴иѪ
ֻǣκβһ˿һʧôܣ
һ֡
Ҳ˵ۣ㲻֣ĪıһСõ
á
Ҳоϵˣ̳֡
ס֡
ɴȡ
ɣֹˡ۹Ц
ҲֹҶõġɵ
һȻ֡
飡
ۡۡһ֣ףֻʧˣ׼ֱʯһ˿һ˿ļûУ˶ǿڴܣеλ۷ֹˮһʧɫ
ף
ҵԵɹЦ
ߡһһ࣬ۺͲɫҲòȥ
΢΢һЦĿ⿴ףҶӽףʲôɣϣܹģҲԪ֮УҶһǱɣǱ޿ɹŰ
֮С
Խ뵽棬һƬڣʶһɨ¶˾ɫֱһ˵ףһ磬֮󣬶Ҳûз˾ܵʬ塣

ʱħɭ˺
á
Խħɭ˳վԱߣ˵Ȼ˾ܵϢֻѾˡ˵ţ˵֪ߡ
šһ۲죬һͷ
ৣ
ǰС
·̫һ㣬޾ⶼǺڰ
⣡
ʱǰһĨ⡣
ǡԾˣĨⲻȻһһе߷ģ׷룬ɫ飬ֻϣԸоһ˿һϢ
Ѿˣ
һ˵˾ڴܡ
ֻǿģԾͿǰλǰǺεȵ磬ֻ벻ףΪλ
һ˾ܣӵжʮԪõرĻҲܹӵʮʮԪ˵ģԪľδҲ̫˰ɣ
ȻҲпǱͬӵ˾ΪĴˣ޷ָ
ɾˡ
ৣ
Ժħɭ߽ſԴߵĵ֮
ġħɭ
ģԾ̾Ĩ֮ϣܵһɲɹ޷ԴȪԱ󺣣ɲ⣬̧ͷħɭ˵ľȡɡ
ң𡭡ħɭ󾪡
㲻˵ˣδͻڣͻưɣ̺˺ǿʺ㡣˵
ǡħɭ
˵꣬ǰŲλʬǰһݣ˵ǰˡ
ৣ
ħɭһץߵһƽʥԪӳģͬһ
˺Ϸ֮ģΪ֮Уһֹסħɭȡĵһ˲ߵɢһƮƮ֮䣬þòɢö֮ڵĶҲȥúá
ǣǰħɭݵ
ڴɡ˵
ǡħɭ


1233 1
壡
ˡʱħɭϾɢһŨͬʱһɴζ˲ɣζҲλһ򣬰󺣡
ڶʱڣħɭǺġ
ĵޱǿģ̺˥ħɭǰ֮·ߵĸԶûĻȻΪһ˾ܡ

һ˲䣬Դʹﵽ˴ɣܿռңһԪͬһৣһ죬ֻһ˷ͻڡ
á
ˣԶ̲ס̾һ
ʱš
ħɭδܹͻڣϾһζǿʵи򣬶ĸ򣬶ԵЩҪһ̣һ磬Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
ֻһۣԾܹоħɭڣһɼɽѵļ¡
𡣡ħɭ˫ۣϢƴ
塣Ե

ֻħɭ볽Ե壬ߺһ
˿̣ɡۡۺͲ˿϶棬һħɭȻᱻ˿һ壬飬ԾԲԶ˺塣
ֻǳɲҴ⣬ϾֻΪħɭ壬Ҳֻ޽ӽڶѣվڣչֳȫʵҲ벽һϳ̡

һˣɫѾٰѣҵ˲磬ȴûʵԸóвʡ
ңɱ绹ҪۺɱԼ
ҲԼֻҲϾõһ˾ڴܵĴС
䣿
˼磬óĴ䣬ʽӣͨڣۣԶһȴǾƷ䣿찡ö侹ȻǴ˵еļƷ䣬֮УĴ䡣
һСö䣬ɿռ䣬Ǹߵȴʮϣ˵Ǵ䣬˵һС硣
ȻʶһɨڵĿռ֮㣬Ժ½Ķ
ŵƷҲԾˡ
񳽻ԵԣҲǱ֮ڵĶˡ
ѧ伮ҩӦоС
ңһ⣬ʥ
һʥѧ伮ҩԼʮݣʲô
޷
ãܺá
ԴϲҲ¶˾ϲ֮ɫʧȥһۼѧ伮ҩĻᣬȴõһʥʧ֮֮ɣܣһʧһã
ʥף
ĿһɨԵĿ䵽ʮƽӲӵϣ涼ɢǿƥϢȻ飬֮ԵʮФ󡢳ţîáߡδƼ繷
ʮФף
ϻá桢һһʵ̫Σˣ˵ǾһԳ뾡һа취ǿʵǿõķӣϾʥף۵Ҳ޷ơ
ϻõף
óľǾл÷ϻá
îף
îñҲŮԣʽʮФ֮ƫŮԻģϲ
繷ף
СһǳԻ͹һ̰ԣϲ˯繷Ҳܹĵһúʡ
ħɭס
ʹкڰͨӵһ֮ͨͬֲħɭ֮
ѡ˳ס
̫飬Ѿ߱Ϣϵʮ鳽ȫںϣãϵ޷죬óԱҲʮϲ
ʮФףȥ壬߼Ÿ硢ͨŷѩǵˡ
ãǽͨԵ
ħɭٴκ壬һɺƴķͷѪڣҪ֪Լ˿̵ķжǿ
ȥ
ԱѾǲʯ壬ҲﵽĽףʥףֱǿ˼㣬Ըӵĵزټʵ޵ڣ벽һս
ৣ
ֻ罣һ׳ڡ
֮⡣
ɡۡۡ˸һףκ¶Ρ
أ
ʱ֮ǳһӰ
Ҷ
ɾϲ֡
ץס
ۺͲһۣ߶Ҫԡ
ס֡
ɴһƵմ£ʮնڶҡ
Ψһûг֣ۣĿĶųԣ֮ԱΪۣΪڳԳֵһ˲䣬̾͸оһǿƥ
ⶼҪҪǣڳԵڣоһ˶
̫ˣ
һǿڴܣȻһֻϸоһɱԼǿǾ޽еġ

ֻе齣ͬһƥն£籼һǽ۵һƵֵסˡ
ͬʱҲס˲磬һĻһ˵ԣ
ɣձۺ˵
ʱһЦۺͲһȻǳЦʲôһСǿڴܾȻЦֱǲ֪
ۣѾõ֮ڵı˵
أδ˵꣬ʵ
ѾˡԵ
ʲôǺãҾͽҲԵõĵɫݶ˵


1234 2
ıˣɡۡ˶򳽻ԣ¶ɫ
ʥףۣԼɱ𣿡ɫݣ˵˵֮䣬̸ֳ˳׵ʽһɺƴķɢϯķ𾪡
ʥף
𾪡
ʥף
ɡۡҲ죬˵ȷʵʥףҲֻʥײ飬ơ
ɶҶСӵʥףҲҪ
ۣڴˣҶ˵
л¹󣬵һһʥ׺һʥԼһʥѧ伮˵
ʲôúúãҶ˱ھȴ֮ˡһ㶣Ц˵
ۣѾǶòģңҲһʥסѧ伮ΣԵĿ䵽ϣһƽ˵
ҲԺһɱ㡣ޱ
ʱҲǺģڴˣԼõĵĻж󣿡΢΢һЦʵ
СӣҴӦˡۿ˳һۣ˵
ãʥѧ伮Ƚ㣬͵ǶˡΪ;ʳԣֱ׸һʥѧ伮ν᲻úײסǣˡ
ʥ伮һ㶣û뵽ˬ죬ӹʥ伮ֻǿ˵һҳտտԣ˵Ȼʥ伮
Ȼƭ㡣Ц
Ҷ㲻ҷ𣿡۵
Ŵ۵Ϊˡ˵οҲҪƴһֻҪסͿˡ
ʲôáɻ󣬵̾ʹӦ
նɱͽָĿ罣һ䵽˲ϣ˵ʥৣ˵꣬ʹӴ֮дһ⣬һɽһķӡ
á
ɴһӹӡֱ鹵ͨɢһɿֲ
ۣ۾ˡ
˵һ䣬罣һ㼤ֱӳ磬˷Ҫɱ硣

һ򳽻ԡ
ۣĶҡ۹Цֳַ컭һӣػסۣ˵ۣͽ㻹ǻħȥɣ
ɶ㲻ݡĿ
ɡ۵
ৣ
ͬʱ볽ԲҺϻ磬˳һۣɻȴûжʡ
СӣҪɱϷ򣿡ŭʵţһСȻҪɱһ۾ͿˣԶıɱ֮ģһҪɱԼûκαء
Ե
ΪΣʵ
㱳壬Ͷħ壬Ե
С㵱Ϸɵ˵Ϊǧټ£ۺɣҪɱϷ򣿡ĿɭȻʵ
Ϊ㵱ɱԵ
ŭ
飡
ڴʱɴӡһյĽϯҰ綼ڱȥͷԴҪ顣
Ԫ
ʥ
һ
罣罣罣һǰη޾齣Ϊһ壬һĴѣһû뵽һ֣˺һУֱҪ׵ɱԼ
ɻδԣΪδҪɱԼΪԼۺҪɱԼɣԲţһʲô֪أ´ҪɱԼ
һ㣬Ҳˣֻûжʡ
СӣӵʥףվֻΪҪɱϷֱǳ˵ΡһЦɫ̹Ȼ˿壬һӣһ̲Ĳ
飡
ռ䡢ʥһ߽֮⡣
һ죡
ֻһƴ˳Եϣɣ飬ʱһ󲻾ڶıӳǰ˳飡һ죬ֻԵ˳ȥɫ԰ףȴϲ⡣
ײʥףֵܹľԹ
ʲô
˳һɫ
¡¡
ڴʱѵֻһӡմ£ɡ
󹥻
һȻʩչʮ֮ͨһڶʮһλĴ󹥻ǾԹ֮㹥һ֮ͨУǧĹ̺Уǿƥ
ǿң
ɫһ䣬Ͼһ֮ǿڴܣ޷ĵƣ֮һ󹥻ںǧĹһУǱκͨ㣬Ӷӳ
Ĵ󹥻ֻǴɣδԲʹ㣬ԣʩչ̾ѳһͨĹ
飡
ӡҲ˳
һʥɲŸոδܹͨȻ޷ӳȫΰ
ɫ䣬ŷӡٴӭ
ֻǲȴ򳽻ԣȵСӣи˺أһ˲䣬ʩչͨҪԡ
иʹ˺ܹвԣϾʥףֻǴȴǿޱȡ

ʮ֮ͨһھţ
ѣ
νѣҲ˵ֻⲻ˴ֻ꣬ء

ʱԲҽһ͸оԼҪԼľ磬Լһ


1235 3
곬ѣ
һɴ߶˼£ǿƳѳԵꡣ
ס֡
ɼʹı飬ǰԮ
󹥻
ˣһӣٴδ󹥻
Ų
ɼˣʩչһʽͨʮ֮ͨһڶʮλĴŲⲻǹֻͨǵٶ֮ڿռһͨӿռϰŲƣ৵һ£Ȼ˲Ĵ󹥻ƽ
Ų
һ
ֻ
һ˲ʩչ˴ֻֻһǳɽҪֻ֮УĴҲ⣬ҲҪֻأˣʱоԼĴԼյơ
һ
ɶ񣡡
Ѿƽǧ֮ڣֻ÷ԣ˳ȥ
Ҫøˡ
ȣһǧѷĻᣬƲòߣǹһ

ˣʩչ˴һʽʮɷ֮ͨһ벽һҲ˲ٵɷͨ
ʵϣֻҪڴܣԼϵ֮ͨ硢ȴڣֻһͿ컯Ĵͨ͸ˡ
飡
һԲʮռһӾ̩ɽѹٶȵʱ½
ৣ
һ˲һޱȵĽն
һֻصϢ
һ·Ҫֻء
һҪߵ
һǴֻؽ
СӣɱϷ򣬴ԷһйɫЦһӡȻ󹥻ӦĴҲԷԵֵ֮κι
ˣԶһû뵽羹Ȼ˻Եͬʱô󹥻ʹ
Թ;ԷУʣ˭ܹɱ
ȻǴ
ҲǳԾ
ɱ
ɫ粻û·Ҫɱ磬һأ·һһ㣬˺硣
ߣϷд㹥𣿡һδͬʱס֮˳ȥӳȥ֪һ࣬ɱԣҳҲӵʥף޷ķֻܷ
ৣ
ȥһ󹥻ƣ
أ
һ죬ɵĴƿ嵴˳ȥ
ʲô
ɴһ

ˣʩչ˴ľ磬ꡣ

ʱһһ١
ǳ
ɼʩչԼĵƹֻͨǳգ𳹣϶ֶ£·ضҪһ㡣
ɶǱҵġ
һеͺԪɱ
ˡ
ʱһ޷ݵĻϯ̺һδγɵ飬ԺͲ˵ˣ৵һ£˳ȥ
ʲôɫ԰ףµ˵
ԿȥĲ磬һ̾ҲκΣֻöԷߣ֪ǻⲻĻûв´Ļղţǽס½Ԫ
ֻлԪϣл
ÿ
ۼߣҲ۽ȥƿӶԶȥ
ϧǵʵҲܹסɵ
ˡҡҡͷ˵㰵еټ
ãһᴫȥһϢ֪ͨ㡣˵
Ҷ۵Ķأ۸˵
ȥɡԴһʥʥۣץУһ˵ãҶȻˬ죬ģҲΪǲ䡣
šԵͷ
ǳȥɡ˵֪֮УѾԪڵĵӣͬݵˡ
áԵ
ৣৣৣ
󣬳ԡɡ뿪Ĺ
ޱ޼ʵɳĮϣ˵Ӱ
ɣһ֮ʹգԪһ黹㡣˵һᾡǳ
ս𣿡ʵ
ɣҰģҲ޴Բħóѵ顣۹ЦˣˣҶվһᳬԽ۵ģҵĸоҲΪС
áԵ
ৣ
ȥ
ˣֻһԪҲʧ˲٣ҺõõһҩʱҲܹԪڻָǿɵ
ڣʵ
ڡɵ
ãҴӦģ¡óʥ伮ʥףɡ
ǺǣҾͲˡЦ
šԵͷ
Ԫڣ
ԪϷһׯµķԺ
ʱ˵ʵҲҶ
Ǻǣ㲻˵ˣҲڲµĲĻӦǺɨħ壬һĸ콾԰ɣɰЦ
Ѿ֪ˣԵ
šɵͷ˵Ҳû²⣬ֻǺı֣뵽˳ԣһҶҲӦıģɡ
˴仯Եͷָԭģ
Ȼ㣿ɵ
ȻѾ֪ˣҲʲôҵĿؾѰ硣˵ֻʵǿҪһﵽڡ
šɲ÷ĵͷ˵ʵǿվΪһЩܹսǿھǰ޹ˣҲҲǺߡ
ˡԵ
ҡҡͷ˵ԣҼ츳ߣҲ츳ĽͣĽ޷󣬳ɾ˾ʮ֮˾ŵ飬ܹΪһλߡ


1236 ֮
˶٣˵һԼҲʮ𾪵ĻĻҲܹΪ֮ϵĵһλ񡣡
񣿡Ծ㵣û뵽ɻ˵ⷬ
ݴ֮Уǹ̶ģһһλһ֣ҲΪ֮еĽ֮񡣡˵
Ϊûн͵񣿡ʵ
֪ҲǴ˶̫ѳɵˡ̾һ˵꣬ûмߵǿڡ
ԣĬȻһĿüᶨ˵ҲԼܷΪ񣬵һڽ֮·ߵĸԶֱͷ
˼Ҳͷˡ˵
֪磿ʵ
磿ǻôʵ
Ե
ԣ֪ʮһλʲôͨɺȻʵ
֪Ե
Ǵɵ¶˳羴֮ɫ˵ţص֮һͨڻ磬ԱΪҲ汾Դ֮⣬ֻҪ̫ˣҴδͬ˵еĲࡢһ
Ŷԣʧ
ɳɵеλ棬һطйء
ʲôطʵ
֮ء˵
Լæʵ
ԣ㲻ǰȥΪ֮еλһյأ߽ȥһǿڴҲ⡣ɿ˳е⶯֮ɫæ˵
ǿڴܽҲɫ΢
Բܽȥ˵֮أ˵һطʵһ½죬ʶ޷̽ӣʮΣգ˽գѾаʮһû˽ȥˡ
֪ˡһ˵Ȼȥˡ
ɼһ̾һӣһƮ˵ǰ֮صĵͼ
лŵͼ˵
Сġɵ
ৣ
һɣ뿪Ԫ֮ضȥ
ϣܹŻվ¥֮ϣųȥӰ˵


һۼսԪ½Ͽգź嫵ȥ
֮أ
һеλźպĵطžŰʮһû˽ˡ
λе롣
ܹվеλ֮ϣܹе½Ի֮ΪȥǷ·ڻ֮أ֮һ
ৣ
ƽ˰ʮһĻ֮أڽӭҲĵһλˡ

һ˳ǳԣ
֮أԿǰųеλ֮أ˵֮ؿһ½һ޶ֻı㣬źһâԶԶȥͺһ޴Ļɫ塣
ֻǣ֮ϣо˿Ϣǳʶ̽ȥͺһ˸գֺһ󺣣оκδڡ
߶˵
ǡħɭ
ˣˣˣˣ
һ˲䣬ࡢͬʱڳתϢһ䣬ٷټᶨηƮȻһѳζ
ৣ
齣Уһ̤˻֮أҲʮһûܹ̤ĵط

ֻԵӰâû
ڳǰһƬһ޼ʵĻɫ磬ͺһƬޱ޼ʵɳĮһֻԸоһɽڵ
磡
ǻ
ȻܵԿȷǻΪ뿪½֮ǰ֮ԸоҲеĻԪ̺Ϊ˻ԽԪ
Ҳһĸ
ÿһģлԪһʧȥǻ½һ
ԣԱȡеĻԪ½ڵ
ҲΪҪ֮صԭ
֪ʮһΪʲô߽붼ǿڴҲΪǻųһκ޷ãҲһΪһ
һͨ˴˸߿յȥܲ
ȴһ⡣
ΪΣ
Ϊӵвࡢ
ǸȻĴڣǻҲ޷벻ࡢⶼΪ浮ģδѾˡ

飡
䵽˵ϣ··ǵأɳռ䡢ǧ϶ɵһ
Уϡܹɭɭʬǣǽ֮أߡ
֮شӺζ
һɻڳʮɻҪ֪Ψ½̺УҲһ⣬ǾˣҲӵлֻǣϵ£ʮһͨ
Ҳ֮ͨף
񣬳Ҳֻһ˻Ǿǲ硣
һУΪԪ
˲ࡢĳԣܹΪ̫ͻڣһɱ磬ֻͻڲãҪͻ̫ˡ
ԣѰͻڵ

ϥ£Ը
Ҫͻڡ
һ㣬Ҳ
ˣ
ڳڣࡢӦڼݻֻǻ̫ˣǳ˲ҪڶʱҲ޷
һ꣡
꣡
꣡
תۣȥˡ

˵߸ͷ˫ۡ


1237 
磡
һʱ䣬ԶԶȥͺһ־޴̫ҫԪڡ
ϣ߶
ԣ磬Ϊβй磬Ϊڸߵ֮УҲڹ硣
Գǣ
ǡ

ڹԳʮ֮⣬һŮڴս
һ꣬һϮɫͷڣ֬Ƚһֽգҫķͺһ̫֮ӣ䵽˼㡣
ڶһУģ飬ͬһն
һϮۣȳƣڣƲŲףһǫǫӵζͺһӡ
ͦΣʲף˫ְ𪣬һָۣǳͺʮһ
һŮӣ񻣬Ů·һ㣬࣬޹ͺһŮ
һˣһͣһ굶ͣ˫ü絶Ŀ絶絶ԶԶȥ˾һ
˴սСһŮӺ굶ʹսˡ
У˵Ե䣿һչ֮һжڻµ˼㣬źУȵ
ԭǻУɫȻ˵Сʥӣƶɮ֪ذεʩȥɡ
᲻֪ҿǲԸ˵ɣ˵Сʥӡ˾ͽ£ʰɡ
޼乫Ӿġ˵
޼乫ӡСʥΧСذε
ֻǰͬǾ߶Ѿɾڣʵǿ˼㡣
Ⲣ֣Ͼһⶼ֮ӣڰʱȾ磬Ȼ
СʥӣʦذεԪڹͣǸңǺ޼乫ħ뱳𣿡ʱһŮ˵ˣҪǣ壿
ߣĽ£޼乫壬ֻҵԣһսȴҶԸѣ볽һս֮Իȥ޼乫˵
ҲҪ볽һսСʥӡ˵ڳУǱһгɣȻҪ볽һսϴ৵ܸԵĳ衣
Ƕ֪Ľµ
ߣһ֪˵
ĽݹҪǷϻУߡذεһѵһ裬޵Уͬһ޼乫ӡСʥǰ
ذεһսɡСʥӺȵ
ذε

СʥӲȻŭ֮жɱȫţ̴˴Ҫɱذε

дһӡһɸ߽ࡢ޹ɢ
ʥ
볽һģһĴʥ
߽ࡢ޹ȪһγϢɢСʥɢĹâʱ˲٣ͬ΢еƮȻȥжԴʥѾһˡ
һ̣ȫų˽⣬ͬһܣһһ㣬顢ʰ꣬ͬһ޺
һʽͨͨС޽ǣֻС޽Ǵ޽С޽һ¥޼᲻ݣнɫƵ˳ȥ޽ƣɫӡǧɣͬһɽѹСʥӡ
޽
Сʥӳһһ˵ƣ
һ˲䣬˾սһ
ذεս޼乫ӣ¹һĽһսĽµĿһ˿ȣȻǱ
Ľü΢ͨԽԽ
ߣĽ£û뵽㾹ȻҲͻڣܺã͸°ɡһ߸ϵ˵
ǳ˵ΡĽŭ
Ҿͽ£ڡΪǣ˵Ľ£Ӧ֪еλպĴ½ΪڣѾӵ޵еսܹҵĵ£ӦøеҲŶԡ

Ľɫͬһֱ¡
ãζҲϲһЦ˵㷴ˣǸԪڴѡ
㡭Ľŭ
Ǻǣҿ㲻ӦýС˲ǡʱһϷʵЦ𣬡˵Բԣ
˭ҹ߳ŭһ̾;סˣԣ㣿

ȻֻԴӲԶ֮˳
ԣ
СذεСʥӡ޼乫ӵ˶һ
ԣ鷳ߡذε޼乫ӣԸǰ˵
ʩ겻ΪԽĸˡоͬһȱΪֺʮһ˫Ŀųԣһƽ˵
ʦáԻһʮ˵ʦΪҲǾ˲١
ԵѣȲóʩɽ
ԣ㾹ȻĴӻ֮سˣʱĽǰǳԾ˵ԭѾ֪ҶֻǳԵĻҲ֪Խ֮һ¡
ʲô˻֮أ߳ˣ˭֪˻һСʥӺ޼乫˶ǴһɲǲԾΪ֮⣬еλ棬ħ壬˲֪˲
ԣǶһԾĿųԡ
ʩȻдˡԵˡ΢΢Ծ˵
ԣ̫ˡذεֱ
ҶѡԵ
ߣԣղǷ֮أ˳ҶҪһսСʥȫٴųɹͬһҫķ˫ĿͬһֱӳԣҰĲ
Ҫ㣬ϴҵĳ衣޼乫ӵ
ҲǣԿʵ

һɡĿһɨˣһƽ
ʲôСʥӡ޼乫˶ʱ¶֮ɫϾŭݣСʥŭ˵ԣ̫ˣֱĿˣ㿴ˣ˶޵ڴܣΪԼǿ𣿡


1238 
޼乫Ӷ˶ųԣһԲеŭɫѾ˵һС
Ҫ֪һ׿ˣһ֮еĵһˣΪͻ֮ﶼΨҶζ˳⻰еŭ֪ˡ
ٷϻɣԵ
ɶ̫ˣս㡣СʥŭһȫĿɱӣһӣͨڴ֮£κζҪѣռ䶼⣬һɵĿռѷ졣
ռѷ֮ͬڣ򳽻ԣӿµռѷâ
ৣ
һ
ֻƮƵһûд߶Ծͽâɢ˵Ҳҵǰ֣СʥӣҿĿˣ֪
㡭
ʱСʥȻ˵ˣôԸţԼĴɴȻһƽˣһ㣬ʧҲڣҴﵽǿ֮
㻹Ե
ôܣСʥȻԼٴΰڳϡ
ԣǿʵħ壬һǿҲ壬㣬ȻҲ壬οֻ򲻰𣿡޼乫Ҳǳһ漴ƽɭ˵
û˵ֻ˫ĿĿƵĿųԡ
˺ֻ·һСʥ˵

ߣ㵱ǰ𣿡ذεȵ
ǲó֣ǣҲý֪ˣ죬֮ǲܺԵġԵ

˴ŭ
ԳԴ˻˭ֲᶯŭأ



ħ壬һͬʱֶԸһˣ龰ֱأ޿󣬿ֲ˼㡣
ʣ
ʱһͬ죬漴ͼһĽ齣ն£ۣһжޣ߽ͨ⣬߹һ㣬һ¡¡һɽϯ˾ˡ
Ǿʵ̫ʧˡԵҡͷ
ôܣСʥӾ
ô᣿ҲţĿɿڴĿųԡ
Ϊ޼乫Ӿ
һ̣ﶼԳԲ˺֮ġ
⡭
ذεĽ¡ʹϵԵʵ£ҲʵһԵʵǵ
ɡԵ
ɶҲôǿʵСʥӽܲһ㣬âͬһϯ¡һһӱΰа֮ޣ֮֮
𷨣ڣڰȥһкڰ
ˡ
һâţ̫ĹԶڱˣǿƥĹϯͬŭһ
СʥӣĲһ˵
㡭СʥӸ˵Ƶ𣿡֣һָһڣʱһޱȵĽ֮ͫУۡһѪͳǰ߷һ㵹ɳȥ
ԭһ̫ˣ쵽СʥӶ޷ӦԼĹ𷨱˶֪
أ
䵽˵ϣֱʮɡ
ԣ㡭ۡСʥһʣ˫Ŀųԣδ˵꣬һѪ
ʲô
޼乫Ӷ˶

Ժǳ⡣
⡭
ˣ޼乫СʥӸɫѿ˼㣬ֱȡ裬޲Ҹضȥ
ৣৣ
ԵĿһۣ˾񵨺ӶƲסȥѾֱǵϣֱӱȣǰѪʣǱ䵽ϡ
ҵеʸûУɣԵƽݣֻ˾͸оԼ˺һһ߷ߣĶڵѪֱ޷ܣԵʵ̫ˣǲǰ
ԣҵšСʥӷһݻˡ
ৣ
޼乫ӿ˳һۣҲʵˡ

ͬ˽Ƥαӣȥ
ȥذε̷ˬʵЦ˵ãԣɵ̫ˣҪǲ֪ô
ǺǡҲһЦ
ԣǹ磬ǻǿЩ뿪ԪڰɡĽЩǵ˵
Ҳ磬ȷʵҪԪһˡԵ
áĽµͷԻɽ˵ʦأ
ƶɮش죬Եټе
ʦ롣Ե
ʩذεʩĽʩٻᡣ˫ֺʮһ񣬾ͬһλõɮԶȥ
Ҳ߰ɡԵ
šذεĽ¶˶ͷ
ৣ
ԴһһҾ޴սǰǧ֮ޣͬһɫ˵ߡ
ʼսǵۼսذε
ۼսĽҲһҪ֪еλ棬ۼսҲ࣬ڴܶûУһ˵ֻԪڡһһУҲԲࡣ
Ե֮Ե
ذεĽ¶˲Ѱʣս֮С
ৣ
սٶ֮죬ͬһʻ硣
¡¡
ͻȻǰһǿĹĻ赲սʻս֮ڣ棬ৣֻһӰǰÿһʮǿͬһ̫ҫķ

ǴĹԴÿһ϶С
ǿڣ
ذεĽ¶˶ɫһ䡣
Ψɫƽޱϲ˿С
̩ɽǰɫ䣡


1239 ɱСʥ
Ƚȥʱֻ̯һӵУͨ
ԣذεĽ¶ǣһƽǷģʵѾﵽһɲľأǿڴҲҵĶ֣˻סҡ
ҪСġĽµ
ϧʵذε̾
ȥɡԵ

˽֮ͨС
ৣ
߳սȻȡɫƽǰĴڡ
ˣ
ǹĹϡ
ۼս
϶һһ˵ǳԣеĵۼս㲻ǿΪҲҪǹС
ҲȻǾͿԶһ棬硣һ˵
ԣû뵽ҲнհɣʱСʥӴ˴ڴֺ֣ܳĿųԣЦ
СʥӣҸһλļ㲻úϧˣҲԹ˭ˡƽ˵
ԣ㻹ûзǰưСʥӴЦ
ûз塣Ե
ৣ
СâʥǾĿ֮Уе齣Ϊһ壬ͷն·룬õСʥ亹ֱðʧλ̫ϳϾ
Сӣס֣
ң
ӣǻòͷˡ
ϵʱŭسԡ
ֻǵ͹˳ԳٶȣοһҲκ˶ֵܹġ
ۣ
ڹǲŵĿУСʥӱ룬ʬ屻콣ûѪԵ߲һ֣ɢˡ
Сʥˣ
ʲô
һڹʧɫ
ҲǴһ
ɱ
ŭˡ
Сʥӣǹźպڴܣһһеٮٮߣ츳ʮ֮˾ܹɾ컯֮ǰ;û뵽Ȼɱˡ
ù޷ܡ
ɱ
ɱ˳ԡ
һڴҲˣһ޵ڴܾȻͱһɱˡ
޷
ȻڳԵʵ˹ϵҲηĳ
𣬹
ƽɫݣͺ˵һ΢顣
СղʬѻƤϷվǰһ⻰ӷŭˣ˫Ŀȼգͺɫӿ˳ϳˡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ϲǿڴܣֻһ컯ʵǿޱȣһɢͳһڴܣ˵һڴһˮǹϾ󺣡
ͬ
ʣ
罣üë罣Ŀ罣һ˫ĽһӶৣսġĽ𣬷·˹⺣ɨһУ춼·룬޿ɵֵ
ۡ
һ£ʮڴܵƣɱʬͬһ䡣
ΪĳСҹҪ㸶ѪܵĴۡû뵽ԼҲҵɱˣŭͬĹƽԣˣˣһ˿˿֮У۵һɢ
գ
磡
⣡
عâ
ԣ
ͬһʱֶ֣κһ־Ǵͨۼѧ
ѹ׵Ĺ򣬾ǴһʽͨԣͺһƳ֣ɣ캶أ٣ĩԿգֻĹԣһų⡣
ֻǣԵһ޵Ľ͡
ԣ
ռֻħɭ壬ǿ˼㣬ټĽǷǹһʽֻؽǾ춯ء
ֻأ
һֻأֻء
ֻ
أأأأأ
·Ӵһֻϵʽͨȫ߽⡣
ʲô
𾪣һڴܸ𾪣ϣǿڴܣеλ涼Ѿվ۷λã֣棬Ԫڡγ㶦֮ơ
û뵽ַȻһȻһǿ߽ˣ˵ɡ
ۼǶţ
ۣ
һ˲䣬֮ٴγ֣һƽ˹֮һ򣬻ͬբĺˮһӿصһֱӱ룬Ե߲֣ǡ
ģ
ѣͬʱһߵ˽գûĻǶܹͬʱɾ컯
Ȼˣɱˡ
˵ɴ۾·𲻸ˡ
һڴҲˣ̫ĳˣ
Ǵۣ
ɫƽͬžһ㣬ûһ˿
ײ
߿ֻԻһɾ׹ҫԣһε¡һͺǾ˲£ۣڴ
أ
أ
أ
޴βڶһ£ͺ߳һڴܱѹ飬·ǱһŲģڴܻˣ϶ǿֻ֮ɫһֵԼ
ֻǣǶӲԵĽŲ
ʬͬһۣԵ߲ɣѪĿܶûˡ
գ֮䣬Ѿȥ˴롣
ӣס֣
¶˻ɫҪ֪ܹԪڡ㶦ȻˣҲҪڴ֧ţȫȥǾͳΪ˾ˡ
ǾԲ
ϣκ飬Ҫۣеʱ䣬۾Լ·˵һһ㣬Ծͬһ񣬸Įκ˵ûиϵ


1240 ݶֶ
ۣ
ֹ˳ԣʣ´ǿȫ
ˣ
бԴɡ
ˣ
ױԴɡ
ˣ
Դɡ
ֱԴɣϵϢӺƴˡ
սս
ԽսԽǿ
һĻ˶һ˵ˡ
ռ䣡
ħɭ壬˻ͿռռͨˣҪȫɱ糽˵ģգеλ
ǵ³
ӣ
Ŀѣ˫Ŀ죬ǵεѾ޷̳ԵѪֶˡ
ȣ
һۣĿһ˳ԵϣͬʱȣৣɢϱķΧסԣˣʱĹյĹӿγΰĹ
һ
һγˡ
һǹ磬һͨ巢Ӱ߳棬٣һ̫˲ɱӣݣһɫ򳽻ԡ
ʱһΣڳͷ
Ԫ
Ǻɣ˽ռ䣬Ǵͬһ޿ڣɫӰ
¡¡
ɿնʱ𣬶ҡ
ã
ɫһ䣬ˡ
ءһ
ֻɿնըѿ
ɱ
һ߶򳽻ѹҪɱ
ʥ


ޱ飬齣һһ㶴ͨڼ̵ʱʩչݺݵײڹϣһɫӰɢһ춯صı
ʯɶҡ
ɫ΢䡣
ӣȻվֻһˣɱĵܣϷ˾ҪѪծѪ֮еϴУ򳽻ԣɱɭȻ˾ˣ߶ԪǿȣҪɱԡ
ͣ
齣ͬһڹȻǲơ
ˣɫһ
ɣ
Ц˻
ʣ
ԽĽٴصƵʣ⵴ֻԱԶԶȥͬһ˫ıȣһ
ৣ
Դ̳һ޵أޣֻһ
ۣ
һ죬һֽͬһ㱻̳һڣ৵һ£ֻԳ˳ȥ
ʲô
˴󾪡
ն
ռϣһ£ûпռĴڣһ޷أһ˶˳ȥһѪ
˵ǶҪӴ˳Ա
ৣ
һնˡ
¡
׵ģһӡ˳󣬸մϢƴֲеĻԲҪˡ
磿
ͷһԶʱ۾ɴӲ³
û뵽͵Ϯ߾Ȼǲ磡
û뵽ɣ
Ц˵ȴǺ飬ɱԣĻǿڵʵǲ͵Ϯġ
һǿڴܾȻ͵Ϯ
˶ǳһ漴Ͷ𣺡ɱ
һл֮С
ң͵Ϯٶ̫ˣ޷Ӧֻǣ˿죬죬ৣΪһ˻ȥ
ʲô
һû뵽ԵĽ˸߳δջһƣ򳽻ԣΪ󷽹Ѿɱˣ㳽ԵֵסһƣҲҪٹ˵Ĺ
һֶΣɲνݶ
أ
ȻǶû뵽һӵıȻԶӳԵĴ֮зɳ˲ǣǧ֮ޣͬһɽһݺݵײˣЯƴ
ۼʥ
˾ˡ
û뵽ԾȻӵһʥֱ޷
ƷʼۼʥΨʥӵ飬һϻۣӵж˼ʶ˱֮⣬˵һ嶼ΪҲ߱ǿĹԿһ컯ܡ
ֻֻڴܣ޷ӳʥȴ㹻ˡ
ʥ㾹Ȼʲôˣ羪У벻ףΪҪɱԼ
ৣ
û˵һն纣һ㽫û
˺
һ֪޷͵ϮɹˣƷһ䣬˴˺ض˺ѣۼǧ·ҪҲ˺һ
ۣ
ֻ͹˳ԵĽĴ˺˲䱻ƣɫ䣺ʲôǴﵽǿսʵҲӦôǿŶԣôôǿţҪ֪ǿ֮еٮٮ߰
ԪԵ
ô֪һ⻰ɫ䣬Ǿ˵˵㾿˭ô֪ӵлԪ
նûзϻľ޶ã齣ն£ľˮбԴۣ߲ʹâţʣضӷķֿһ֣ۣһն硣
أ
ҽһֻǰֽۣѪ
أ
ʱͨ
ϻãסǡ
Դһӡϻó֣˵һ䣬ϻͨһˣԾͳ磬е齣ɢĽԲɿռ䱻
ɶϷġ
ɫҰףǴѪԱƽɫ粻һҧݺݵ˵Ԫְɣ

ֻ̯ӨʥĹâŶֻһӤȭͷСӳģɢһص
ʮϤǻ


1241 ܲ
㲻ҪԪǣб¾ȡɡ̧ͷųԣЦ
أ
ռһ𣬳ͬһ磬顣
Ԫ
£ׯص˼㣬ָһһѪûԪ֮Уͺˮ齻һ㣬һ壬һʱһɺƴĻϯɷԲ֮һж֮С
ֻؽ
ó˻ԪԾͲҴ⣬ʩչ˴ֻؽ
Ҫ֪˻Ԫʱ䣬ûȫգҲӦܹôŶԣԪһĺֻһҲܹµġ
ˣ
ֻ͸ӿˣ̺˽˫
أ
һ죬סԪĻȻһˣʧɫŵôܣ
ۣ
һ
һ˲ı۰ȥѾһˣ۰һϣ̾ͳ˳
ৣ
ĿһתҪܡ
ӵ𣿽Ԫһ磬齣Ӷİݺᣬ˲ֻһŽ磬⽣˻ͿռԼʮֿ¡

ʱҽһķѡ
Ȼû뵽ԻԪΪģһֲ˼ٶһ𣬵ˣҲһ԰ףѪɫ
Ҫ֪ѪҲǼģһٶĵѪ嶼ܵ˺侳綼пܡ
ҵġ
ֻſھȻԪ̽˶ȥ
ʲô
ˣɫһ䣬ҪֹѾˡ
ࡱһ
Ԫ̽Уһɰ絽ĻʹɢͬХɽǳͨ嶼ųһԣͬƽ٣ӡ
ˣ
һɺƴϢӲɢ˳
컯ͻ컯ˣԣɱңЦ
¡
ͻȻһ޷ݵ£ѹ䵽˲ϣʱҽһãеλ棬޷컯ϢգϢһΪѹƻڡ
̧ͷ򳽻ԣЦ˵СϷѾͻ컯ʹѹΪҲϷĶ֣ɡ
ô
Цı컯ΪδǶԷĶ֣罫Ϊѹ£ԳԵʵδ޷ɱ
ɶͷˣ㻹㣬ĵΪϧŭ
ৣ
ûкϻһ˳ȥ
ػ
ͺһ˫ֻƣӡɣз·һ㣬Գһ磬ݻⷽҪɽȥ
ն
׻ȸռķɫɫɫɫɫֱԴ۽Σһնȥһ죬ȻƾУɫѿôû뵽Լͻ컯Ȼѹ˾磬Ҳ޷ɱԡ
̫߹ԼˡԵ
ɶСӣ㲻Ҫ̫ţһɱġŭ
ʥ

罣齣뽣һ壬ʥϵ˴Է꣬Ϊһʬ⡣

󾪣ɫҲǾ䣬˻һۣ˫һ飬ˣʱһ֮γɵķƯͬ÷һƮ򳽻ԣÿһǶ̺˿µĻȵ죡
䣡
䣡
䣡
һǿĹδκγԣѾܵ˴Ӱ죬˺Ѹоʹ·ҪӾȥһ
ҵ

û˿ԥʩչ˴ʡ罣ХһǲҪɱ磬ҲҪӰ쵽Դꡣ

ҽС
ɣ
Դ𣬴ٶ
ԣϷסġҧݺݿ˳һۣˣһɺƴֻ컯ڵϢɢžط·˺ѿֻһûУ˲ϢӰ
û뵽ͷ˸ߵ硣
ʲô
ˣɫһ䣬ҪɱѾˡ
ɶ񣡡
԰һ̾뵽Ψͻ컯ߵ磬ѰˡΣҲҪԪȡأϾغ½
գһ
ԣ
ϻáͨսȻռϷ磬ȴκβǣԭ֣ͻ컯ܹŤתǬɱԣû뵽ȴԱƵȥߵ磬ֱǲ
Կǣͷһ
ৣৣৣৣ
û˿ԥܡ
ڲ뵽ҪߣδҲ̫˰ɣԵ
ԣҪϾɱɣϵϴ˵
Ե
ԣҹڴѾȫɱˣҴ½СʥӶҲɱˣ͵Ϊֹɡϵϴٴ˵ĺ³ˡ
˶ĬȻȻǲԸ볽һս
ߣûôǿǴܣǻŹ𣿡һ˵
˶ʱԡ
ߣ
һۣ˷ĸȥৣȻѾϻúͷԼֱͨסһˡ
ৣ
罣һһ齣ɨһ˵壬Ѫ٣Ե߲һ֣ɢˡ
ܣ
˴ԳԵĿѡ
ۣ
Ȼһ㶵˲䣬ٴγɱһˣϣֻˡ
飡
Ҫߣϻס޷ѣҲ˳Եϡ
ߡ
Ҳȡ˵ۼսɳ磬ǰԪڡ



1242 ص½
Ԫ
ԣ˵ʲôϱɱˣ𾪵
Ե
ôܣ
һԪڳҲǴʧɫš
ȺףԪĻǾǰȥӹܡ˵
һڳ϶۰Ͱ͵ĿɣϢĻԪѵһĺûᰡ
ǰȥ˵Ԫڡٸеλ鶦Ѿʮ֮ˣڱΪһȻܷԿĹ
һæ˵
˵ǹȻûôǿңԴȷȷʵʵΪһ֮˹綥Ҫ֪ϿǺպڡ
סԪڻص͵λ档Ե
ã̰šɵ
һɾԴ˳Ԫڵһ̣ɾĹ֮еʯ֮ϡ
ৣ
һڳԵϣâһԲټ
Ҳʼ˽ӹܹĲ

͵λ棬Ԫ½
Ԫ
ľϺˮ϶ڵ
һգʮƽƵ̫º͡
ˣ
Ȼ˷֮ৣৣֻľϡˮ϶̳˵ڣһۣˮ˵ǹдˣѵҪɣ
ΣǶҪȥľϵ
ߡˮϵ
ֻǣǶľԶͬɾһĹ֮ʱųԵӰǴһʧԣô㣿
λòԺЦ˵
㣬ͻˣľָԣ˵ң㾹Ȼû
ݼҶˡˮһ£ݵ
⡭ݼҶˡľһͷЦҲǹݵ
ҩ͸ǰɡָһӨ͸ĵҩ˶ǰ˵סҪκἰҵټⲻ֮һٻġ
ǡľϺˮ϶˶Ӧ
̧ͷʱѾԵټ
ˣˮϵ
šľϵͷеĵҩ۾ٿȻһ˵⣬
ʲô⡭ˮϿųԶȥķ

ৣ
Ҳһ죬͵λ淢һ춯صĴ£Ǿһ⴩˴½λ֮ȥ֮ûκܹΪտʼĨɱ
ǿڴܡ
ֱ޷顣
λʲôʱǿߣ
һ˲䣬ڴڲ²⡣
¼ʼٸߣȴǷ·ʲô鶼ûзһ˳λķΧıضȥ
Ҫ½
ѾݺλеλʵŷѩͷǶŮԼϵ˽ӵеλ棬ԪڣΪҲֻе磬ǲܽһţǵ츳һߵľ硣
οе컯٣øʹá
֮⣬в֪ʯݣһߵľ硣
½һˡ
һ·ǰ½ķаѩǣɺã
ܹ֮Ѱҵ½Ϊ֮˳ԸӦֻҪϢͿҵ½ˣĻô˥½Ҫҳ½Ǵ롣
ͬտʼѰҲһ

½
ԴڳԵĴ֮£ܵ졢ص֮У½ͽһǰδĺƽʱڡ
һʱ½ûκεִֻкƽƽŬ
ŷѩǡϵΪռԣڲ֮ŬѾǰ˾ŽʦҲ޷һɾʦ
ֵһǣ塢ӵ˵Ŭ֮£ٴʢ
ȻҲɾ˾Žʦ
ô£
ʱ塢ӵ˶Ѫ޷˵ǲʲôҪˣйأ
Ҳоˡӵ
ߣȥ֮Ѱһλǰ
áӵ

֮
񳤽סȪ١̨ͤ¥ͨģǽ߶ɵĵȺһƬεΪ׳ۣĲ֮ȻΪ½ߵʥء
ңĺ½ϵΪʢ֮硣
ҪǣһںƽչĽ׶Σûбģ֮
Ϊˣʢ
ڡšɽĺŷ塢ż塢ΪҲһڡһšһɽĳƺ
֮⣬Ϊ㲥ĵ죬ǹ֮
Ҳɱ¾֮
ڳԣѾΪ½񻰡
Ƭ½ϣ˹Ĵ˵
ɽ
Ȫ١ɺ׷裬ٻޣʣۼֱһƬ˼ɾ
ͬ˾ס֮
ͥԺ֮Уһ俪
ֻ׷ͯյΧһʯ壬
ԱߣһŮ裬ϣ˿֮
λǰþò
ʱһ֮Ĺ֮֮£ضֱ仯Զſ·˸е¡
˭
϶ɫһ䣬֮Ǿǵ֮ĸˣ½ҵܹߣֻû뵽Ȼܹ֪ĳһ
ֻһ罣ĿУǳԣ
϶¶˲˼ɫ


1243 þò
磿Ůһͬһֻĺıųԣϲ˵磬ڻˡ
šԵͷЦô˻ޱӣЦһ
磬ᡣһЦ
ԣ쾪
㣬Ȼˣ𺳵
ͻʦˣسԾʵ
šԵͷ˵˵ϸ˵

£˵ǰ£϶֮ɫǾô˵ѾڴܣֻһͿͻ컯ˣ
šԵͷ
һۣǵһ
Ҫ֮顣Ե
áˬĴӦ˵ˣλûУǿ㡣
Ȱ֮ȥǡԵ
á
һһ˾ϹŽǶ֮顣

ʧǰһռ֮У֮飬Ծڣ㾹Ȼڣ
ǰҼˡ˵
ʲô֮һ˵ûץס
ͻ컯ȥ˸ߵλ档Ե
ԭˡ֮Щź˵ԣѾֲ˶೤ʱˣҪץʱ䰡
Ҵ˴λһЩ˴ߣǰеλҽǰߵλ棬ѰҲ硣˵ԷģֻҪͻ컯ͿץסȡеĻԪ
š֮ͷ˵ãһжȫˡ
һ̸֮鶣Լ֮뿪ռ䡣
λǰȥǣ⻹֪ͨ塢ϡŷǣǰ֮߳ռ䣬˵
ã齻Ϸˣȥɡ˵
ৣ
Եͷһ֮ǰš
ֻǣûмŷѩʶһɨ¶һĨ΢Цɽȥ
ɽ
Ϊ½֮һȻǱǰӴ硢ֺ궦ʢˣǵӣʮ
ɽɽ
ɽĽأ֮⣬ֹκ
ɽݡ黨Ȫʯ죬ͬһλʦڵһһ㣬˳롣
Ȫһͤʶһ㡣
֮ͤϣɫŮͤͤվվһ𣬾ͬһˣˣԲλ࣬ͺ䷲Ůһ㣬Ǿ½дɫʵŮӣŷѩǣ
ŮһƴȨϣֻǴ˿ǵֻ˼ͺһȴɷӡ

ڴʱһӰϢĳ˶ŮǶû˿Ĳ
ǳԣֻ˵һ䣺һˡ
ֻŷѩǶŮһתĿ˼ĿųԣĿ֮Ứ̾ͷ˳Ϊ
΢΢һЦǰȥŮ˻ٴ˵һˣǾõˡ
ŷѩǶŮųԣҸᣬ˵ûС
Կǰһˣȥ
ڶ죬֮
ЯλһҹķŷѩǶŮǾޣͬ¶ʻһ㣬ԽԵý޶ˡ
֮С
ϡʮص㡢ʩϼϼãҷ磬Լŷˡһ졢ѪӰξٿξֵܵ˶ˡ
ǻˣҲ򣬸ˡ
졢ϣ
һ龰½߼һ𾪷ǳΪڳˣһǵźպȴǾۼһӭһ˵ĵ˭
ԣ
ǿŴӵ߽ӣһ£¶ϲ֮ɫ鲻Խվ
þò
ĸ֣ȴ˳Զǰ˵һС
ǣԲһּҵζ
Ĺ֮
ǰþò
˵ĵ׶ͷ
Ԥ龰ͬһжԵƽƽ֮£ȴ̺˳ԶˣԼ˶ԳԵ塣
֮
λ׼λǰеλ֪λΣΪҽһЩеλ֮˹˵ǵ츳һڶʱ
һǰߵλ棬ӲȡԪ½³Ϊһеλ棬Ǹߵλ档˵һԼĳĻ¶˼֮ɫ
϶˵ã
ȥȥ𣿡һʵ
šԵͷĿ䵽ͳϣ˵ȥĻҲԴǡ
лͳ϶ûжĻֻ˵֡
šԵͷĿ⻷һۣ˵²˳٣Ҿһʱһ֮ۼǰеλ档
á˶Ӧ
ڶ죬½ڲ˼ı䶯ƶ˱ֻƽƽ·һжûзһ㡣
һʱ䣬Яŷѩ½ķй۹⣬ͬɾһ㣬òңڣԾһֱͶŮȥֱĵϣ֪⻹ܡ
ͻ컯ǰߵλ棬ѰҲ磬ȡԪ
Σ
ҲŷѩǶŮϣġ
֪֮УԵԽԽƽֹˮ־ʶףͻ컯Զˡ
һ֮
뿪½һβһˣǴ½жƶˡ
ͨĿռ󣬲֪ɶˡ
º󣬳Խ͵λ档
Ҳǧҩ˴ߣͬĻľϺˮϣԭڳԴ֮£ڶɹ٣Ϊһܡ


1244 ߵλ
Ԫڣ
⾰Ԫڵʮǰδеı仯Ǿ̲˹ΧԪһϽϰٸλ½ٶ͵λ磬Լ֮ϡ
ȻҲ˲Ŀһ֣Ĭˡ
ǿƥʵ֮£νǿڴܣֱǲһ
ϡϡһ졢ȵǧԪڣŷѩǶŮҲˣǶδԪڣΪⶼǳģĿ½ٴγΪһе磬Ǹߵ硣
һϵ˾½δĶ
ԣǣԶģøǣϡϡѪ˶ûóʧڶ̶̰֮ڣͻʦﵽ
ңͻƻڼ
ͨҲͻڡ
ǣԸ컯컯
ŷѩǶŮڳԵİ£ΪһǧңͶŮֱ˫ޣֱͰٳ߽ͷ̶̰ʱ䣬ѾڣڳԵİ֮£ɹ٣ɾΪ
˶Ů֮⣬Ҳɹ٣Ϊһܡ
ڿϵ˶ٶȻȲòϺŷѩǶŮҲԪĿࡣ
һչڣϲܣبŲ
࣡
һöмСĵҩ̷壬˵컯
Ĺ֮Уɵ˵õ˲컯Ҳõ˲ٴ˵ԲԼŷѩǵҲ޷ĳ컯
´˵һ˲ԵһɺƴϢһһ֮йͬκһ죬һ㣬ܿں಻ݡ
컯
컯ΪΪ컯
Գ棬Ƿ򣬱ȹӸһȣڣģǹ涨˵ģԽ򣬶ǻģʶԳ֮˵仰˼˵һԣʹ˷
ϵģΨж컯ɷ컯
Ҫѣ
ԵĽ־ʶף컯İ޳컯ͼ򵥶ˡ
ֻҪȥ


֮佲ľһ䡯Ĺϵ
ɱ䣬򲻿ɱ䣡
࣡

ڳԾתںϣ
ˣ
ԵϢʼı䣬·غϣ֮У֮ͬе˽һһ㣬컯컯ȻȻɷ
컯Ҳʼڳã컯
ʱţ
ƣ
һ˲ף˫Ŀââһ£һʱһɢϯķչҶ֮²·ںһ˫ۣ˵컯𣿡
ˡ
ͻȻһӳ˳Եϣɫһ䣬˵ãǸߵλұ뽫Ϊѹڣ̻ᱻߵλ档˵գϵϢһɢ
еλ棬Բ컯ߵĴڡ

չҴ򿪣˳ȥ̾ͼŷѩǶŮӭϲʵԣͻˣ
šԵͷ˵Һܿͻǰߵλ棬뿪֮ҪչԼ
ǻġŷѩǶŮһۣ˵ŮĹϵѾǺõ˼㣬ͬá
ҾͷˣߣȳȥɡԵ
Ԫڡ
ϲ㣬ԡЦ
Ҳͻ컯ˣһۣʵ
ţңλһȳҲͻ컯ɵͷ˵
ǲ֪кδ㣿ʵ
ԣԪڸߵҲиģҲԪڣҺͼλ϶׼һºǰߵλԪڣ֪û뷨һͬǰ˵һͣߵλԪڣһܹõǵӡ
˶٣ɼ˵ңҲԪڵѰҲټϾߵλ̫ˣһͨ磬ҲеλʮˣԪĶʮϣҪһ˼ֱǴ롣
áĬһ£Եͷͬ⡣
ãһºǰߵλԪڡɵ
šԵͷ
һº
ԣء
ϡһ졢졢ϵ˶С
һΣǰߵλĻذε͹ͨҲͻ컯
ͨڣǷϻá档
⣬ó̺ŷѩǶŮҲͨ泽һͬߵλ档
ͨڣϻò˵ۼԪڵŨȻҪߣдҩݵİŮһǧչ١
ԣˡɵ
߰ɡԿ˶Ůһۣ˵
һ˽Ԫ
·һ磬Ҳ޾յһͬλеλһԵվһ޴ʯ֮УһХ·ǽʱһ
;УɸԵ˽ߵλԪڵ
ߵλ磬߲ε磡
һһ˸ߵ磬ҲǴ֮͵ɷ֮ʮ硢ʮɷ磬һһԸߵλһһ˸˵Ǵ۸ӡ
Ϊʲôûһ磬Ϊеδ⣬ͻ컯Ҫ½Ҳߵ½ʱ򣬾ͻ⵽ߵλϴѹ
ԣ޾ûеһŸ֡
ߵλ棬һӵ޾˵硣
˵ż
˵
˵ս
˵ѡ񴫳ߣ
֮ڸߵλ֮Ĵ˵ежʵģͶö֪ˡ
ڸߵλ˽⣬ҲԪڹϵ伮֮еļأҪ˽ߵλ棬ֻе˲֪


1245 
һԾ
ǰߵ磬Ŀһҵ磬ȡԪڶΪϾͻ컯ҪΪչΨнߵλ档
οҲ֪ϣû

Ĵڣ
һжδ֪
⣬ĵףһԭ򣬾Ѱ֮һ
࣡

ޣ
Ȼ֮ϵ
ڵ͵λеλ涼ûҵôߵأ
֮гֵĻʶϡޱȣǧ֮ûһˡ
ࡢûڶˡ
ɣֻԼһ
ĻԵǻеˣϾܹһһߵգͻŲɹãҲǰһҪ
˽գռѾ˴ɣķǿޱȣԷУ˳ںϣУ˵ķ򣬾򡢹ǿƥ
Ҳǳ԰֮ͬеһҪɲ֡
֮⣬Ϊͻ컯컯ԴֻҲԽԽͨ͸ˣҲôˣ˴ֻؽԴԴ˴꽣
ڴħʥɽ󽭺ߴ֮ͨ£Դ˴ͨ
ͨϣǿ
Ҳǳߵλĸ
Ϊˣܹƾ컯ڵΪӵսͨ컯ڴܵʵ
ͬʱҲͨŷѩǶŮ
һжǽչ֮С
ˡ
ڿն֮У·ûʱĹоʱͣҲ˫ۡ
һɫռ䣬нľˮз

һŻǰɡԵ˳ȥ
һȥεһʵеλԪڵɣ
λȳϣҾǡ̬𾴣ǰ˵λǱڳϣҲһͻ컯ǰڡԭڸߵλԪڣϵĻҲһΪһߵȣֻΪĺ㶨һ
컯ڡڡΪȳϡȳϡĵȳϡ
˾ڡڡΪȳϡȳϡһȳϡ
֮⣬һȳ֮ϣг
ҪΪҪӵ޵˾ڵʵȴڣԪڣҲΪࡣ
ţڵѾ֪ˣϣѾΪеλĵһʮָˣҵǰǰȥԣ΢΢ͷ˵
ǣλ·ɹеλԪڣһ֮˸ߵλ棬ʵ΢
ֻȳ϶ĮȻԴɡûһԡ
ˣɫһ
⡭ԼҲһ㶣ϺЦ˵㵱۲ưɡ
СС⻹λЦɡһû뵽ǰ컯ڵȳϹȻȡ¸һЦóһöǰȥ̬˵
šȳ΢΢һЦӹȴһ˵ڷл𣿡
λϵɫҲÿ
λϼ£еλ޷͸ߵλġ˵ŭеλ绽꣬û뵽ߵλ澹Ȼܵǰ˵裬ֱб˼㡣
߼Ҳɫÿ
ðɣҲ뵢ʱ䣬ϵĴ䶼ɡĿһɨĵ
ʲô˻һԼ߶ɫһ䣬˵
ѵǲԸ𣿡ȳЦеĵ
١һŭ
ٷϻеĴȫûǵĺùӳԡһȳ˵
ˡ
ȳ϶ɢ˿֮컯ڵϢɢɽѹɡԼˡ
á
Լߵɫ䣬û뵽ǰ˵Ͳ
ǵĵӿ湻ġʱ̬ݵ˳һƽ˵˭ǵĵӣ
Сӣʲô˼ȳ϶ɫƵĿųԣĿ¶˺֮ɫһ˫͹ȳ˵ӣ㵨ҿڳԣΪһ䣬ϷͿԻɱ㡣
ԿԵ
ԣԼ߶һǶ֪Եʵ£ϾǰȳϣԼ˸ǳ¶ǿɲһ¡
ӣҪϾͳȫ㡣˫͹ֵȳϵͺһץ򳽻ԵļץסĻԵı۰ǵñɣٺ٣Ͽ򳽻ЦϷ֮Ȼҡ
ৣ
죡
̫ˣ
컯ڵȳϸûзӦʱ䣬ֻǰһ͸о۰һ۵һұ۷壬һѪʱҽһеӡ
ڤ粻顣Ե
ס֡λ˹ͺһҪֹԣӿǵصųӿԲ壬뽣Уһʣ৵һ£һǴ׽
ۣ
λȳδƽ˫ͻֵĳϾͱһ룬͵һߣ纣ۣĲˡ
ʲô
Լ߶ǴһȳѾĿɿڴˣ򳽻ԣһʱ侹˵͸оһսսĵ㾹Ȼһɱϣ㾿ʲôΪ
ǶţһոմеλСӣȻܹһɱһȳϡ
δҲֲ̫˰ɣ
ǲҪ֪·˵
ǴΪλףأʱһ֣÷ͷƵ˹˫֣һ߸ϵ̬ϴһȻһȳϡ
컯ڴܣ


1246 ඥ
ϣ̫ˣˣǱСɱġȳϿͷˣͬһɱɱ
ʲôϱСɱˣϺ˫նֵͬһɽһһ˫䵽Եϣɭ䣬˵СӣȻɱϣ
ϣɣҲֻһᡣǰ˵
ܺãϿųԣ˵
˵գʺĴ־ץ򳽻Եͷ­ӥ׽һڣֵ͹˳ԣһ죬һֱӭȥ
СӣԼΪƾԼ컯ڵΪ͸Ҹһϳ̲ɣ죬֪Ͼͬһ򣬹ռ䷢۵ɲ֮

ϵͺ
ϧԵ
ϧʲôϷʵ
ϧֻͨˮ׼컯ڡԵ

࣬׵׶𣬷ȣצԽ񲻿ɵ͵ͷƤ顣
Ԫһռ۳Σͬһοռѹǰֻһ̳նԽռ䣬ֱӳϽȥǰɫ䣬Ϊٶȴ䣬޷ܡ
ۣ
һ£Աͽ룬߲컯ڴܣȻһھѪƽ˽ռ䣬ٶȻָˣһֻҲѪͬˮһӿ

ʱҽһ屬˳ȥֱ۳Ŀųԣ㡭
ʲô
ȳϴʧɫԼҲǴһ
һ컯ڴܣȻԷֻͨսҲǲ
ǳԵʵ
ټҵȣǾҹȻȡ¸Ŀ˵˵գһ齣ȳϡ

˴֮
ৣৣৣ
ֻɱ컯ȳϣĻᶼûУǷֵսս㡭
ҲԵ
Ҫϴ
ס֡ǧһ֮ʱʮӰ֣ǰһʲӴһӣе齣˳ȥ֮£ԵԵޱȵС
ݼϾδӣ˿˵ɱˣĿڹ棬
ݼɵ˼æǰݵ³򣬻졣
Ҳһݣ꣬λӢò񻰵ĸߵλԪû˵
Ѿ֪㲻ض˵꿴һۣ˵ҾԪ̩˵ţɣ˵ɣеλ飬Ѿ֪ˣĺܺá
ЩǳԵĹͣûĻҲᷢչ˳Ѿַˡ˵
š̩ͷ˵ܺãǻ̩˵
ǡɵӦ

̩ǰһһȳں
ǸߵλԪڣȻǿ
̩
Ǹߵλ棬ԪʥĵطΨгϲܹ
̩Ϸһɳվ·
ڴ֮Уһߵȳϼǧˣ⻹ֻǱɽһǣԪڵʵɼһߡ
ڱɡԵΪȳϣȳϴ̩һ͸κ˲Υ
ǡӦ
ˣԣǰȥס̩˵£˵˵ڵ
ǡɵ
λޱ飬ȴһ˿£Ȼһնֱۣһ̵ӳҲԸٵﳽˡ
ߵλ棬Ԫ޾֮󣬹޽פأͷԲ磬͸ˡ
̩½
Ԫƣߵλ棬һ֮һ
ڳ˵һİ磬Ҳһʵ̨
ΪϻáŷѩǶŮΪǽչ١
ڴڼ䣬̩ûٻԵˡ
֪һʱȥ
һ죬̩ټԡ
ʮɻ󣬵̩
̩
ׯϡµĴ֮ڣһɳ̩࣬ϷϣȻ飬һ֮
ԲԲ
ԣδͻ컯ڣܺãͻ컯ڡ̩˵
֪кηԸԵɲѵ͡
ܺã֪ڣ֮أ̩ʵ
֪Ե
ţȻˣͻ컯ڣȻ汾ڽڣ֮ء̩˵
ԸԵ
ǰһ̩

ǰһ
ˣ
ֻ̩Ȼƣų԰£ʱһɾ컯֮ӿԵڣܹо컯֮ͬ컯̺һ˿˺һ
˾ߵ
Ȼ컯˵ȴԡ
һδͻ˾ĳ϶۵Ŀ⿴ųԡ
¡
Ե𶯣Ѫڷڣ·𻢱̺
ඥ
һ̣Բף̩ٶԼйඥ
𾪣û뵽̩Ѿ˾֮ӵмߵɲ⣬в²⣬ܹͨ档
ˣиӾ裬Ͼ˹ඥǼԪģ̩ϧΪԹඥͼȻС
ˣ
һͻ컯ڡ

̩˻ȥɫ˹˵ˣѾͻ컯ˣ־ʾҪԼȥ
Ե
ôڵʵܹս컯ڣ̩Цʵʱһ˿ϺеĹʡ
Բܴܣͷ˵ǡ


1247 񾿾
˻
ȻѾԤϵһɳҲһ̩Ц˵ãܺã֮汾ǰڣ֮أ°ɡ
ǡӦһ˳̩
صסȴǰ˵ԣټ㣿
šԵͷ
ҪСġ˵
Ѿ֪ˣʵ
Ѱʹ㣬ģ˵Ҿû¶һ֡仰Ƿľ񲨶˾ܶ޷̽⣬Ȼɺܽ
ԣɫ䡣
ʱ˵ڣ֮غΣգҪСġ
֪ڣ֮أʵ
ǸߵλΣ֮أţԶʱĴܣλûеĻǶǻĴڡ˵
񣿡Ծ
ô˵ԶʱڣΨûе񣬵û˳ɾ͵񣬶λڣԶʱɹ˥˾ڴ޷񣬺֪ʲô飬Щ֮䷢˴սصڣ֮ء
˵ڣ֮Σޱȣֻܹ룬һ־˾ڴܣһ־ǲߣǰȥΪ㲻һꡣ
ô֪ôࣿʵ
ҵõһЩԶŵ伮żȻ֪˵֮ҪСġ
л˵
㲻лֻǲϣΪгΪǱʡ˵
ҲɡԵ
ˣˡ˵
͡Ե
ԶȥԽ֮С
ȷû˰й۲Լ󣬽ͨڲ
ϻá񡢹ͨذεŷѩǡó̶
ڣ֮أ
˳ԵĻ֮˶ǳһãȻʵʲôط
ʲôط̩ķԪඥڣ֮ؾͲʲôƵءϻ˵
ͨذεͷ
Բȥ𣿡ŷѩǶŮΪԵǡ
ȥĻҳ֡˵
磬뿪ɡ˵
һλ˾ڴܣһǶɹ˥ĴڣҪץң̫ˡҡͷ˵
ԣŮǵǣһЦ˵ǷģѾͻ컯ڣƾ轣ͨǼ컯ڴҪҶףһΣգԻߡ
šŮͷ
ôˣʱԷַһֱδ˵ʵ
һڣԳһ˵֪ڣ֮ء
ʲôԾ
ϻõҲ
˾ڣ֮صġ˵
ʲôٴγһҲ𣬷ӡĴʱϻûҪƾã֪ڣ֮Ҳ֣漴һ룬˵ڼˣ˾ڴ𣿡
ҵˣһʦ˵⣬ȷʵһ˾ڴܣҶɹ˥١
ʲôԴ󾪣ףɲû˵ѣڣ֮أǰҪ
ʵ֪ڣ֮ص飿
ʱ̫ã㲻ڣ֮أҶ𡣡˵ڣ֮أ֪Ҳ࣬ҵԼԼᵽڣ֮йء
ʲôû뵽ڣ֮ؾȻйء

ߵĿꡣ
ֻǣ̫ˡ
ǧû˳
񣬶˵ֻһ˵


˶ɹ
˵Ҳˣѵڣ֮йأ
ôЩȥ
ˣ㶼ҪСġʮֵأȻ
šԵͷ˵ʱ䣬Ҿ־ʡ
£ڷ˵ҲЩ˵ֻһգ۵Ĺ
죬̩ǰڣ֮أͬе
֮⣬ˣδ컯ߡ
ߣܹڰ֮ǰ컯̫ˣǶڳȡеλ˵ϼѣһˣǷŵߵλ棬ҲǸ콾ڵ
ҲĴڡ
ǵ궼ȳԴ󣬳ʮ
ӶҲԿԵ츳εǿεľףޣһУΪŴԵˣܹһߵ졣
Ȼж֮Σա
ͺñȽգڣ֮֮УвԾпУϾɹ˥ٵ˾ڴܶҪɵĵط
ʥս
һʮˣʥսʻԪڡ
Ŀ꣺ڣ֮أ
·ʱ䶼һɿš
ʱ̩ټ˳꣬һ˵һΣǵǽڣ֮أһߵĵط
ߣ
궼һ㶡
ǷģΨеڰ˾Ϊ߲ſԽ룬ϰʵóĽ̩˵Եģͬߡ
һʵǽѰʲô
һʯ̩˵ţһʯھ治ڣʲôӣһ֪ҪľǣֻҪʯǶѴڣٲǵĺôڻֱһö˵ǳɾ˾
˵
һ㶣Ǵϲл
Ǻǡ̩΢΢һЦ򳽻ԣ˵ԣ֮УΪ˶
ǡӦ
˶ǲ·Ѿõָ̩һ
ֻǿһۣĬȻ֪̩ʵΪԼ춯Ļ˿˻Լεԣж˶Ǿ衣
ȻҪԵĻ⽫ɱ
컯ڣ
Ϊȫһɱ


1248 ڣ֮
ʱš
ʻһһҹʱ䣬սͣ
Ҫǰһʱŵ
̩˵һսմ򿪣˸̩Լһɳ˳ȥһΡ׳࣬Ʈ龰ǰжһԼСĸо֮ͬС
ߡ
̩ǰʮ󣬳

ʮ˷УԲǧ֮γһǿķ֣˷ܹоõ
һȺ֮зУٶȷɿ죡
У˼˿Ԫͱ̩ԼʮЯУͨ衣
һʱȥ
ˡ
ʱ̩ͣɫȻ˵ڣ֮Ψʱ֣Ǿڴ˴ȴ
ԲtܣԲ֮ڿһˣ޶ûС
ţʱԾ͸о˶Ʒ֮ৣʱͼһӰÿһʮǿȻǸߵλ棬һ߸ߡ
У̩Ĵڡ
ڣ֮أߵλ棬һ˸綼ǰÿһҲ˽ߣҪԼǱڶ̩֡
ǡӦһ
ৣ
һԽԽ
¡¡
ͻȻɫ䣬ڣһɽ嶼ƶһ㣬ˡһհֻһ޴ĺڰնǰһɲϡԾϢɢΪ֮Ŀ
䣡
ͬسһ㣬ڰնһǵǧ֮ޣͬһŻ
ৣৣৣৣ
ǧŻһ֣Ͷһȥ
ߡ
ʱ̩Ҳ˽ŲŻԵ˽ں

һ䣬ԵѾһɫ֮УʱǼᵽһɹɻ֮һɱ¾֮ԶʱܴսΪ̫ǿԲϢþòɢ
ǻɫģصİɫĲбꪴӰɫ֮¶Ϣʮǿļ¡
ǰһеһУиߣһս
Զʮ𾪣Ϣ̫ǿˣɱ¾֮Ǳ֮񵨲ĻĿܶûУһغˡ
һжʮֿ£
Ҫͣ£ߡ̩˵

ȻֻǰȥȻﻹֻڣ֮صΧ
ʮ֮Ѿǲбˣһ߾߰׹ǣ޾֮ʬǶӨɢӫ⣬ʾʬǰ˵ǿ
˻
ǰһĻò糽һڣ֮ص̲סһǶѾ޷Ԥ㣬Ƭ֮ϣжԶѪȾ죬ǡ
ң⻹ֻڣ֮Χ
糽һνڣ֮ص˶֪߲Ĵ״֮ء
ԶŴ֮ء

ν񣿾Ƕɹ˥٣ֻһλͿԳߣ棬ȼĴڣԲŻᱻΪߣҲֻжɹ˥ٽٵ˾ڴܹܲΪ
ʱǰƣڲݣ纣˷߼
֮󣬳һ͹֮ޣԶԶȥɭȻɲٽԲŷ֣һһ޴ʯߣֻʮһŴͣһס
һ˲ʮ˶ͣ
У˸
УԼһ벻ˡ
ޣ
˾Ƕޡ
һ£ڷīü߱һɽķâվһ֮УȺʮֵעĿϵ벻עⶼѣȻҲ컯Ϊ
ˣԶһ㶣ζû뵽޻ڸߵ磬ǳڣ֮ء
ģȻҲҪߡ
ԣ
վĿ־ϰȻĿһɨ⣬Ŀڳɨʱ򣬵סˣ¶˾֮ɫ˵ôܣ
ޣû뵽ǻԵֻǲ֪δ½ġ΢Цʶ
Ҳû뵽뿪½Ҳ˸ߵλ棬컯ڣþ˵ģûбҪ֪ˣ֮Ҫһ㣬ұһ￴ؾˡ
ʵϣЩ³ԣȻ컯ڣɼɵԣ˵仰˼Ҫ߳ԣǴˣҪ
Ǻǣޣͬ½ˣҲԵģҲԵ޹ɱġԺЦ˵ҵĶҲ
Ǿơһ˵
ৣ
һ˲䣬˽ĿС
ԣҲȥɡ̩˵סһС¡
ǡӦ
ৣ
糤һû֮УҲͬһʱȥ
Ұ
޾Ұǰûһľֻ޾Ļ
ˣ˶һ㶡
ʱֻһӰһȥһ˼˵Ҳȥ
áԵ
һ·Ե϶¶֮ɫؾͺǱѪȾ죬ɢѪ֮·ʵһЩʬ廹Ѫʬ嶼δãǸողȥһ
ֻǣԵ˶֪ЩѾȥܾˡ

ÿһʬǰǰ
һŵߵλ棬Ǿ춯صĴڣǶˣҲˣȥһһǧˣһĻԵ˶󣬴սεļң


1249 

΢һָܹɱԵˡ
ʣλȱĻ֮Уһ˻Ϊ
ֻǶѾˡ
ǵʬ壬ɢϢҲʳԵɫ䣬̫ǿˣǱԷ޷ֵϮ
ǰĿ֮
ʯ
Ŀ⻷ܣѰ̩νʯϧһ
ߡ
˼ǰС
󣬷·ûоͷһ
ʯ
ʱǰ˴֮ǰһֻսһĿ꣬Ȼһʯ
ʯʮɸߣһɿʽϣϢɣ磬һһͷĿѣĸо
ʯ룬һ޴֡
֣
ף
ֱ˳Ϲ֣ף
ˣһ£֮кȻ˽ľˮлһͫ͵һ֣ʯСȻлһģһĴڡ
ҲһŻ
һ
ʯ
Ҳʯһ˵ֻһ棬ҲҪ
ԡ
û
ְɡԵ˵䣬Ѿȥ
ৣ
һۣһ֣ʯ
ɱ
һʯһսΪÿһ˶컯ΪҪɱһˣʮּѣҷ̫ǿҪᵽסֻ̫ˡ
һӻҡ

һֻһǧɵĽϿգһɨ飬ʱֻһӰ˳ȥ֮һ罣Ӱ֣Ȼǳԡ
ৣ
ֻץסֻ
ס
Ҫáסֻ˲ֹһˣˣȻ֪ǻҲҪᣬΪ볽ԵһõֻҪʯҪ֡
ԣȻĿųԽסֻȡ
סǡ
ûкˣһ齣趯룬󺣣ϯ£һƥĽն£Խռ䣬նһӰնۣһ㣬Ҫȡסֻ˶ˡ

һԾҪȡסֻ
ס֡
ʱԶһȣδһƥꪹѾ飬һꪾҪԣں󣺡ȡʯҾҪ
ô
һЦ⣬û˿ͣȡˡסֻ齣ͬһ˳ȥһꪹɢ
ôĵӣɿеĶҲᣬҿˡֻһް룬Ƥһ˷컭ꪣݣñ·
ɣʥһһˡ
찡û뵽ǵùȻˡ
ٺ٣СȡʯɾҪˣǻǲΪ
꣬궼ɫһ䣬в˶ùģϵ飬ԾͿԿǶɵ˼ɵѡ
Ȼɣ
Ҳɫһ䣬ȻҲ˵ɵ
ԣǿߡ
һ̣˶ߴٳԣҪЩ뿪
ߣɵƤӵҲ뿪δҲ̫߹Լˡٶ֮죬·سɴһ㣬紩Խռһգ֮ʹ룬ֺĿĸųԵ
ٶ
ˣͫһ
Сӣ㻹еʶȻ֪Ǵٶ㾹ȻܣĿôЦ˵
һ⻰˶ɫһ࣬ΨгԲ
ǵĴţӦԪڵ˰ɣɷ·ȨƵĴһԴ˶һָ߸ϵζһ
˿˳һۣ˵
ܺã˵ԪѾеλΪ˵һȵþǷ׽̶޷ֵܺãҾɱյϢƽͺ˵һ΢һ
㡭
ɫһһףŭȼա
ô뷴Ҹǣ˭ҷ˭졣ɳϷʵ˵
֣
һۣͬʱ֣ɱΧȥ
ǵʦֳ֣һЦʥѾˣɱϣ飬һ־ûأˣҲ֣һ˴ɱǣƾʵȡʯ
ã
ķԼһԳ˳֡
Ψһûг֣ǾɣһЦͺèϷһ㡣
ȻԳˡ
ףƥɵ齣Ӷͬһӳ৶£ۣһѾ޷ݣ쵽˼㣬컯߶޷Ӧ
أأ
ʱֻһ߾ʬȥ
Ȼͬ磬ֻҪȥط޷Ѫ
⡭
ˣ߶Ǵʧɫ򳽻ԣ񾪺Ҳ¶һԾ֮ɫ˵㾿ʲôˣԪڰ֮ڵ컯Ҷ֪Ψ֪㣬˵ݣ
ûбҪ֪ġԵĵ
Բѡɴŭһ֣ɱԭҲ˳Եʵǿ֪Լһ˲Ķ֣ɿһֶԸԣԼˡ
飡
ʱʮ컯ڴ֣ܳԸˣ첻ϣأʱ֮ûУɱ
ֻʣ³һˣ
ɱ
ɴ𣬻Ӷ컭򳽻ԡ
ৣ
Ա˳ȥʵǿ󣬿ս컯ڴܣʮ컯ߣԵ׽⣬ȡػصķʽѰȥ϶ɱصߡ
һһ
𺳡


1250 
ʲô
˶ɫ䣬û뵽
ҲҪֵ̫ˡ
ں󷽴У˫Ŀ䣬˸һ˿˿⣬Ȼڴ̵ְ⣬ֺֹͬһˣ

ֻǳʯ鲻壬־ʡǳ֮ͬкܹƥߣ˴ʹֻһܹģɱͬߣͬвһ򵥡
ǽͣ
ʱĳԣȻ߱˫͵һʡ
һʯ
һ·ܽһȻһʯһϵġ硯֡
һš硯ֻ
סҪõˡɴ
ৣ
ٶȴҪֹԣֻǵ͹˳ԵٶȺ齣ķ硯ֻȡˣˣʱ׻볽Եľ磬ױԴѾޱԲ
á
оˣͷ̾һ
һбԴױԴѾɡ
󡢿ռ䣬࣬δɡ
Ѱ
һ˲䣬ԾȷĿꡣ
ɵ׷ᣬһһǣڳ˵ҪһӽЩѣһһɱȴǼָָ࣬򶫣ɵæңԱԼ
ɣͳͳɣԹЦ

󵨣
ɱ
һſܶʱŭΨʮ侲˵˽ھѾǷ켫ٶ֮죬Ҫɱһ֣һ˺ˣץסᣬ˾ͻǡ
˵öԣҿһ㣬һ֡̾мӦɣٷɢۼһΡ룬һųѹȥأأ֮Ǳը֮
龰ʮֿ£
ߣ
ˣһԪǾԪ־ꡢһ˵ľ磬ǿ컯ڵЩ˺׾ܴ

ʱҽ
ɶ񣡡
ɵ˴ޣȴκβóԡ
ˣԹЦֱÿ϶ᣬɱ˴룬ʮ컯ߣֻʣ˲ʮˣʮ˲ɱʮɱΪǶһٮٮߣг컯ڵǱ
һͿԿڳµĶʮǱඥ컯ڣɵͻƣ츳ס
ȻҲǱ̩ඥܹѸٵͻ컯ڣ־ǿࡢֻءһ࣬̾ͱĥƽˡ
ԣԲܹƾ컯Ϊս컯ڴܡ
ױԴɣʵ͸ǿˡ

ʱȻǰһХ֮
𣡡
ͻ֮֮޳Хţе
׻ȸ䣬Ĵޣɾϲֵ
ҲǴϲ˯ͷԴɣ޳ǰԲܴ
ৣ
գٶȴ
Ҫóˣס
ɵٶȽڳԣֻ˴ٶ֮ͬкܹٶȷƥĴڣֻ˳⣬ޱȡ
ৣ
Ҳں󣬽ٶȴ߶˼ޣһѸݡ
ˡ
ʱǰһɺƴϢȻֻһʮɳʮɸߴİ׻˫չ𺣵ȸԼһͷķ﷽Բ䣬ռݶϱķ
γһǿ

ǵصͬһǵضգɫ䣬ɵ˵ٶܵӰ졣
Ψһˣԣ籩֮ˮͬ󺣣ɽ֣һ̺ͬˮһ񱩵ڵ裡ķҲǳ׻ȸӰ
ʲô
ˣɫ䣬ŴֹһǰޣȻͻ컯ڶпܣǱסɹ
ɱ
ҲǱȻҲһУ̳֣أҪɱԡ
Ҳ˳Ҫ˼ǿŭ

Хβһ򳽻ԡ
𣡡
׻ڣ죬ɱ¾֮ϯ绢Եƥ

ȸͨȼգ˫𶯣ϣƹ֮ңǵصĻųȥ
裡
ƶ񡢳صϢ̲˷ռ䶼ݣض³͵˼㣬ͬһɽ㵹£ѹ
޳֣⾰ˣ
ãˡ
ˣɴϲѣ¶Ц̬
ֻǽһĻĿࡣ
ৣ
һ޵Ĺ֮ٶȴ󽵣һǴʥ޵⵽ͬһ޴ĺڰռϯ£¡¡¡¡񱩵ա

̣ϵͼ˼֡
ʲô
ɵ˾˻𣺡ֹ
̣
ֻǣѾˣĳһƬʥ£ͬ¶һ䵽ϣˣʱ޵Ϣͬʻήһ˥һһεıա
࣬࣡
ڳڣͬˮһ׻ȸ޵Ӱʵһ
¡
һͬբĺһԳй
֮ɣ
һ̣Խ֮˴֮
ˣ
һںһɸӿµԪƵιԳڳʮ֮ߣϣݡ
컯ڣ
ɵ˴ʧɫͷ


1251 
ӣ
һӦľɣ˼󣬾ͬһֻһͷܣҲè
ৣ
һ̣ҲͷܣԻֻ컯ڣǾɱɱʮˣͻ컯ڣӿ£Ƕһĸоҡ
˿̵ĳȻ߱ǿսֻء𡢲ǵ֮˾֮µһˡ
ڲ֪ܣδҲ̫˰ɣ
عͷԿĶӵɵˣ΢Ц죬齣ͬһ㶴ۣ齣ͺһɽɱˣȡ֮⣬˵
ʲô
һˣɾҪɱҡ
ߣ׷ɱôãҲóһˣֻ۾˵
ৣ
һ̳۵һ齣ɵපȥһʺѪͨһɵʬ͵˴֮ϣˤ÷ǡ
СסѾɣΪҲͻ컯ڣھͿ߻ûпռ䡢ԵĻֻеõЩҲܹڶʱӵͻ˾ıǮ
֮У֮ɫϸ˼
̩ͽߣΪ˵õʯҲǻȻгԲ֪أԲܽȥһѾΪһ壬޷ȡɱ
̻Ҳ֪ģѵйأ
һеһУ˳ԣҪȥء
ҲǣԶʱ񼶱ĴΪλս
ܹоõһιԶʱޣʷʫ֮еǰ
ৣ
ǰУѰ
ȻǾһԶҪõ޷ʹãҲԸŷѩǡ̡ذεͨʹãΪ
Ȼ̲ס
ߵλ棬һ˸磬ʮ˽㱻ɱʮˣҲˡ
ңоֻһͻ컯ڣҪô̫ˡ
ȥ
㲻ȥȥҲһ淨
ҲΪ컯Ϊԭ򣬲ֵԷϣҲ淨ϣͬʱҲ淨á
һжмѭ
Ѱң
ãޱ߼ʵѰҡ
⻹óҵ˼Ż硢ڰ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
һ·߹ȷѪ֮꣬϶ʬ壬Ѫʣòɢ
һĻ˿񵨺ó˲С
һʯҲǻȡ

ɱ¾
Ѫ


ڵգȻԵõһš󡱻֮⣬̺ϻá
֮ףɱһ컯ߵġ
󣬳Եõˡáֻ棬ޣó֮
񡱻Ǿޣõһһǧ
һŻһս
ֻǣûҵҪõġռ䡱ԼĻ
¡ֻ
һŻŷѩ
ֻ跽ǡ
ΨذεûеõֻԼ½ҪҵʵĻʮּѣҳҲˣȻ֮һֻһŻ
Ҳعһ֣Ҳζ֮䣬ֻһŻ
ÿһţô׵õġ
һ·ҲûзŹбȡӡ齣֮С
ЩбꪶԶʱ֪ܵնɱ˶ٸȻѾϣ̺Ҳе־ǿױȡ
ڳԵĴ֮£ӡ齣֮Уǳ˫˫ɾ˵ۼ
ŵ˵Ѿ߱ڵ
һж˳չ
תۣ¹ȥ

һ·ѾʮĽ£в컯ڴڡ
ҲˣԳΪĴڡ
ͬһɱûֹܹĽŲͬʱҲһ˫ͣûܹ£ӵ
˾֮£һ֮ƣ
һ
ֻǣ볽޹أǡռ䡱ԼĻ
ЩҪġ
ڣϣͱϣ
ʬѾ٣ϢȴʮǿᣬƥһۿȥͺʬɽѪ֮һǲдĿ֮ԭЩʬÿһǰǰ񼶱ڡ
ɹ˥ٵİ
ⲿһЩδɹ˥٣ֻɹһ˥ٵˡ
ν˥٣Ǿꡢ
ȶɾ٣Ȼꡢ٣Ҳ˵Ϊﵽ˾ڣ˥ٷΪֻ֣ȫɹߣܹ֮Ϊ
ʬ壬ǰǰ
ৣ
Щʬ嶼ǿƥ٣ˮ֣ײ룬òḯãΪѾɹ˥٣ͬ٣ز٣Ҳ㲻Ҳǰ塣
ֻǴ˵ʱڣɹ˥٣ɾͰ񣬲
Ϊ컯ˣԪƣʹ˾ӵжʮԪʱһҲֻеһ;
ԣɹ˥׷ġ
ҲΪθߵλ棬һ˴Ϊǲ糽콾ȥߵԭ򣬾Ϊ˻óɾͰǳôֻһ˿ǶҪץס
޷ʬ壬ǰõıȴǿȡ
Ҫ֪ñһʥǿޱȣֻǲ֪ιʣЩʥѾʧȥԣ¶߰ڴ֮УʧȥյĹԣԲ²⣬ҲǺйء
ûпֻ֮лͰʬ壬ûҵһڴѪƴ˿
ΪΣ
һеĸԴʲô
Ѱҡ
ֻǣѰҵĲֹһˣҲв˽
ûͣǰ


ʮ
֮󣬷·ûоͷһ


1252 
ˣ
ʱԸоһɿռ䲨
һϲ
ৣ
ǰ
գ۹򣬾һǧ֮޵ʯ֮С
ռ䣡
ʯ룬ԺȻˡռ䡯ϵԶ֡
Դϲ
ˣ
ʱͬһֱض·˺ѿֻһݷǷļȳƣƼ˫Ŀ罣һռ䶼죬̬һư˼㣬˵
ȴ볽ֻǵĿһۣԹԵȡб
󵨣ûҸ˵̸ҹȵ
ɡ˵
ţã˫ͣкֲһսʸʤңʯȥֲųԣɫһ˭֪һӹЦֿ˵˵һһıϡ
̳ƥĽƣذ˷Ĩ
˵ɣ
ৣ
ûκֻǵĿֲһۣ齣Ѿ˳ȥĽʩչҽǣͬˮһ㣬֮
ý
ˣֲ£սⰺȻһıͬһɫ৶Ŵ󽭴ӵƣ಻ϡ

һɲǣԺֲӰͽ֯һڱཻʱ̣䣬֮ڶһнһеĽͬһ㲻߲ݣǴĽƴ
Բ֮ڣǽۡ⡣
µ˼㣡
ؾף

ھ𣡡
ֲĽޱȣսԣƾС
׽
н
ն
ʼ̬ɣƴʮƽֲ֮Ľֱǿ˿гʣԼСӢֻۣΪԼѾǵһͣ˾֮µһˡ
ҲΪˣʩչ˵ƽС
ֻǣδֲռһˡ
£
ã
ֲ̾һ˵ԣ㲻˫ֲܹͣս˳ʱ䣬ָߵͣǵһˡ
Ҳǿ͡Ե
ãҪʩչƽˣҲҪ顣ֲ
áҲоѪڣѾܾûĸоˣԭѾԼͻ컯ڣһεһܹԼһսû뵽ֲλֱͣǽĶ֡
ֲҲͬĸо
ս
˴սԲʮ֮ڶܹ⣬еýʮɳ˿һۣо񵨺
˾춯صƣɫ䣬Ҳ˲ٸϵ˵Ĺע
ֲ
Щһ۾ϳȻֲŲС˵ǲͣǽ죬ҲܵУֻǲ֪һ˭ȻҲ˵Ƿ켫ĽֲƾС
˵Щ죬Ԫڵˡ
˻һ𾪺Ԫ˫ͣ
ܴ˭ֲܹƾУҲ˵ǿǵľС

⻰˲˵ͬ
ʱԡֲʩչԼľС
ܽ
ȷѵֲɫһӣͨ⣬һΨҶزܣ಻ܵչֳ˽һֲͺռϷ磬ڲ֮أȳԡ


1253 ˫
ǿ
ˣսʮ˶Ǿһڡ
սɣ
ֲЦ
ռ䣡
ڻ֮£ɽӡ¡ǳȵȣһж𣬲ڣֲĲܽҲҪһһʧ
ʲô
ˣֲһ
ʥལ
ţʩչ˴ʥལֲĲ֮Իռһߣﶼˡ
þĽкзŴʥϢ
Ҳоˣ
һ˴ʥ򲻻дʥϢ
ս߶ɫһ䣬ۡ
һ۷彣ͶԾǶ˴еĿء
֪һⳡԾǲŻڣϾ磬Ķ̫ˣˣ֣һ⣬Ǿ춯صĴڣ˾Ľ߲ͣԸǵĴڡ
£
ʱֲƲһ֮緶һӣһ۳֣һŶ֯һγһһ滭˽⡢ۡģޱȡ
˽һɢһɾĽ֮
ǴĽ
ȥ
ֲѽһ٣³ͷϿգӭǣգͬĻһ㣬̴ĽХ֮ͷƤ顣һֲ֮С
⻹µģ
˽һ֣Ծ͸оԼһ֮У֮˷ÿһаɣǧ֮滭˽ģޱȣʮֿ¡
վУǰǾ磬ֻ飬ֳһҲ˽ģһ硣
Ȼֲ֪ʩչһǴ̺ͨʹо񹥻ʮֿ¡
ˣ
һ˲һӿԵ壬ҡ壬о꣬Լ顣
һȫλĽ
Դû
ֽѾÿˡ
ԣ⽣֮ǵһλԶŽܣĪ⣬仯̺ʣоҿֲ֮ûгڳԵ֮У·뽣һ壬ﶼ·ǴӾʮش޷⡣
£
һ̫ˡ
Ҳǳһû뵽ֲһȻԶŰܣҲȻˣҲΨȽܹܲԴ˵۷彣
࣡

ֻأ
ڳڣͬʱתﶼ࣬Ҳ𣬾ͺһ㣬ֻ֮Уһʮµ״̬Դδ뵽״̬δԤϵ
״̬֮£ںһ
ˣˣ
ڳԵڣࡢֻأͬһѭһ㡣
ʡ
ʱһ߿ƣ·ԾصĽХ˵һһɼǿɫԳΪģһ㣬ͬһ㣬¡һͬһֲն˳ȥʱֲ͸оһɹĪɢ
ˣ
²ϴ߹ɣ֮ͣƣһġۡڲࡢֻأ֮𶯡ͬƽĺһ㣬
£Ψһ齣졭򣡡һζιϵֲִ³ɬѶȴ뽣ϣ¸ǿֲࡢֻ
ڻ֮£ﶼҪ𣬽ֻ֮Уòࡣɫһ䣬·ͻ룬żȻһ㣬ľꡢ֮ϣµĽģ뽣ƣǿᡣ
ء
һ죬¹Ķֱ˺ѿ

ֲ˳ȥ֮¶һĨŵųԣ֮˵ʲô
˽
Ĭһ£Բ³ĸ
˽˽̺֮ֲһ㶣˵ܺã컯֮Уһҽµˣԣʩչһнʸ񡣡
ʲô
һ⻰սʮ˳һҲһ˿ȣû뵽⽣»ֲǿ
ǿʲô
Сˡ
ֲĿƣǰδеǿңӳԣһӢӢ۴սĸоϧ
롣
Ҳ˵һ䣬̬Ȼ
ʣʣ
ԽĽɢͬⲨ˷ȥȴֲΪģһ·ΪǳǿĽ־ǿͬɽһ㲻ɶҡ
ˣ
һɺƴĽϯৣৣһŶ̻һѤãֻڽĺ־Լ
һɹɹϡɣ񡢼㡢Ϣֲɢ
ϢóһֻصԶʱĸоᣬ˵
ۣ
ʱ֮£ɢĽ⡢ۡơ£ȫͳͳ߽һɶ
ʲô
Լɫ䣬ͫ͵
޼ԪǬΨһ˵ģǳأסعһ޼նֲϢơԽԽǿ֮ɫ䡣
һζιϵ֣³ɬ̺һعһΨҽƣʮֿ¡
նһ³ʱһɽϯ
һԼޱСĸо·׺һڣ֮ܿܿеһԲ㣬ֵһᣬǰһǾꡢ飬ֵ־ûˡ
⡭
¶ǰδе֮ɫ޷֮侹ȻǿĽ
һѾýˣ֮
Զʱ񽣿ԴĲ


1254 ֮Ĺ
أ
ڳϣࡢֻ̱ѹɶ¶ǰδе֮ɫ
ԣεֵ
ֲۻ룬󿪴ϣͺأΨҶ·Ѱʣ˵ֵ
һϵĲ޷
ˣ
ڳܣռң۴⣬·һз·ûһͣͣѹȹ̾͸оԼܵǿҵļѹҲ⵽˶ҡ
һж
ʯ鲻壡
һҲʧȥӦеѪƣ棬Ѫ衢֫ٺ̺֮Ľ޷ơ
أ
һ죬ֻԾͬ߷һ㵹˳ȥ䵽˵ϣѪ
ˣ
޷Լͻ컯ڣԽǿ컯ڴܵĴڣȻֲܸ
˻
Χ۵ʮ˶һֲ̫ǿˣ
˭棿
ڣ˭ֲܹ棿
ԣˣʯֲˡֲӸ£ӳԣ΢Ц˵ܲȻƳʹһУվ㡣
ֻڴ֮£ȥɣѪˣĿ棬̺˲ɶҡĽ־ƽ޲д˳һû䡣
ţ
ֲɫһ䣬Ŀֱֱעӳԡ
飡
һ죬ֻԵ巴˰Уϵ飬ǳֳ·һ㣬·ýǣ̺һɽ͵
һۿȥһִԵǷ·壬һĽ壡
һΪ
⡭
ˣֲʱɲ
ǿǣ
ʮﶼ¶ɫ
أأأأ
Ե·Զڱըһ㣬ȴѪѪǣֻһ⣬·̥һ㣬֫ٺѪⶼڷž춯صı仯仯̾Ա˵
ʣ
ͬʱе齣һڻĽͺΪԵı仯һ㡣
һ̣һһĸо
齣Ҳͨ
۹۱ǣǹģϸϸ仯
һ˵ʵڵʯ֮䣬ˡһɾ춯صĽ쳹أ쳹·ֱ
⡭ѵǴ˵еĽ磬ػһ徳ֲ֮ɫһʱ֮侹ȻǾɲ֮ŵĶ϶˵仰ػһ徳ȻĴ磿
һ̣ǶԼĽֲ𺧡
ػһ徳
ʮ֮⣬һ콾ǸԶҲֲ˵仰Ƕһ㶣¶ã֮ɫȻδ˵硣
ˡ
ֲ˵˲䣬ڳԵϣɢһɿֲ˼㣬ɽѡػϢڽϢ
һ̣һĻˣ
ֻһ
⣡
ƣ
⣡
£
ۣ
ģ

ལ塢ֶɵĽ볽Ե壬¡¡ʱϵĽǣʺ־ﵽһ۷֮֮
⣬ľꡢ鶼˴Ľ

ХݺᣬţϯһΣиֲͷ
ۣۣ
ϵĻ޼ʱ߽⣬ͺ񲻴һɶ
ʲô
ɫ䡣
أ
δüӦ֮ߣͬ⵽ػһ㣬ɳȥڴڵѪޱ߼ʵİ׹Ǵ֮С
ʲô
һĻ˵Ļʵ˲Ϣ֮䣬һ콾ʱʧɫ
ֲˣ
ֲȻˡ
һʵǷ˼˭û뵽ǰһ̻ȫռϷֲȻˣǰܵ˵ĸɾ䣬һ˿ķ֮ûУ򳽻ԣ϶ɶֹӿ˼ɵµ顣
Ѿ컯ˡ
ػһ徳𣿹Ȼǿ󡣡һƽޱϲ˵
ףԼżȻ޹ɵ̤һ磬˻ԭ
һ̣ҲףΪ޾ֺнܹ۷彣ûнԭ
ڣͱ˻
Ȼ޷ﵽػһ߽֮
Եʻᣬﵽһ硣
һУֱ޷
ģҲоԼͻ˾ֻһ֮ңˡ

ֻҪһͿ֮
˾
ڴ֮顣
ȿȿȣʱֲѴӿˣǱؿڣƽųԣ˵һսˣʯȥɡ
л΢΢һЦ˵Ҳ˫ĽͣгһգҲܹ̤һ
ϣˣʱһսֲ
áԵ
˵գʯץȥɾָմռ䡯Իʱһ޴ѿն֣һƥ˳ϣ৵һ£Уʧ
֣
ֲ˴󾪣һһҲǱռն˽ȥ
ô£
һ콾ɫ䡣

·ʱһ㣬۲ӣҲ޷оȫڰ֮С
أ
һ޾Ұռ֮УһĿռѣԵӰг֣صһ䵽˴֮ϡ
ǣ
ԾɲĿһɨʱ϶ʱ¶ֵɫ
Ĺأ
ﾹȻһĹڣ
ֻһͨĹڣҲᾪ𾪣ΪĹϵıľȻдţ֮Ĺĸ֮Ĺ֮Ĺ֮Ĺڰ֮Ĺˮ֮Ĺȵȣа˾ʮĹء


1255 ȡУ1
ÿһĹأһλ
һĹأ
ô£
׷ʲô񣬾ȻҲ
ԵĵһӦǲţٵģһжǼٵģֱһжģҲЩȥǱֻģ
ţ
ʱͻȻĹϣ֮澹ȻСС֡
ǡ
¶˾֮ɫڰ񴫳С񴫳С񴫳Сˮ񴫳С
˼磬԰⣬˵ѵ˵ĹҲһִУõУͿԳ񣿡
˿̣оɲ

ȡͨŷѩǶŮọ́Լذεϻá˳
ԣ磩ŷѩŮͳ̽е
ʲôطϻúͷڵһʱоʲôָĹأ˵ǿ
ǣ
һҲһöδӦϻúͷ񾪵Ĺأ
šԵͷ
ˣ
ȻҲ
ܣôأ
ŷѩǡذε˶𾪣ͬԵһۼʱһǰһĻġ
Ѿˣϻʲô𣿡ذε˵
ĹأҲǴУûв´ĻǵõУͿԳ񡣡Ǵϻޱȣһ۾ͿĹؼһ˫˸⶯֮ɫ
ԣ˾һ

һôңԶ飬ֻڴ˵֮УǶɹ˥ٵİڣ޷ȻգĻͰǰֿɼ
Ϊβ͵Ĺأŷѩɻʵ
䱾ûн͵񡣡ϻúͷ񼸺ͬʱ˵
ʲôǶŮһʵϻүүΪλûн͵񣿡
̫ѣѣب񣬴˶ԵǿڣУҲֻôָİ񣬵֮ûеλԵֻܿԼ񡣡ϻ˵
̫ˣʱգ¶ûеڡ˵
ô˵Ͳܵõˣ̳Ծ˵
ҲܹΪһλ񡣡ϻ˵
˻һ˶һҲˣû뵽ϻ˵˺ͬĻ
ڻȥ׷˵ȻˣǾѡʵĴаɣ
ǣ
ŷѩǡ̶һ
֮񣿡
ϻõĿ䵽ĹرصһĹϣ֮ͫоâ˸˵֮ˣԶʱʲô
ҲǵõУܹ֪Ϊζ˵ĿУȻһ֮ƹ
񣿡ѩÿԼ̳бĴ
ŷѩǾ֮壬ÿԴŮ
ǾޣɴŮ
ϻô֮
ޣл
󷨣Ϊǳϻ֤֮Ҳ޷Ϊ֮ˣ֮⣬֮ɴд֮ĸ
ֻǳԺذε޷ôС
Ϊûе񣬽ĴС
ϻ˵ûеȻҲû֮˵
ԣ磩ŷѩǡ̿򳽻ԡ
ȥɡԵ
ھͿʼܴаɣǻôУҲкܳһξ롣ϻ˵
šͷ
ѽԼԳΪʮֿġ
ǿʼԼϵĹأȡλС
û뵽ҲֻΪζأذε·ʳԣֺԼҲҲʳڴ˵ơ
һĹأȻ
׷ľǳǲ뵽ҲҲᱻᡣ
Ϣ˳ȥĻ𾪣綼Ҫ𶯣ֻǰʵվ޼֮ա
ҲҪ
ѵϸͲνͬ٣
̫ɻڳͷ
ף
ͻȻԾһ¡
ôˣذεɻʵ
ߡԿһۣŷѩѾڽƴУĿĹһ˹ȥ
ˣذεҲȥ
Ȼˡ
ǰһĻ˵⻰
ذεҲ¶˾֮ɫ
ֻǵǰһĹҲƵĹأΧͬǣ֮񣬱磺Ѫɱ¾֮񡭡ȵȡ
ߡ
ԡذεٴηȥ
ĹȺģһĹֻ֣ϡֻ࣬жʮ
ƣ
ƣ
ˮƣ
ƣ
ƣ
ȻЩǶ֮
ԭҲֵȼ
һ˲Ժذε
ΧǳƣڲмƣǸ߼ƣһ㣬θߵ;ͿԷֱˡ
һۣԺذεӱ˴п˾֮ɫ
˵ܷЩУ
һԡ
ԵҲ¶֮ɫȻ֪ҲҲһջ󣬲˵ԣǶɹ˥ٵİڣ޷ǰɻ

ͰǶǰȻֻ֮һĻᣬҲҪһԡ
ġԡԡ֮ĴΨһ񴫳УҾͿܷúĴСذε˵
СġԶ
ȥˡذε˵걼еƣĹڡ
ƣ
Ŀһɨơ
֮ϣ֮ȻǳռţȻҲΨһһøߵƴеˡ
֮Ĺа˰ʮ֮ߣڸߵĹ֮УҲǼߵĴڣʱռƵľžŰʮһ֮ߡ
ʱΪռΪ
Ȼ֮Уʱ֮Ϳռ֮Ϊ
ֻΪûв֮񡢻֮֮λ֮Ĺأѵû


1256 ȡУ2
ɻ
ûж룬ҲûҪȥÿռ֮ĴУ֮ѡƵĴУȷһеĲ²⡣
Ĺʮɸߣʽӣ֮ϣܲһ˿һϢȴһֶĤݵĸоǰȥͺڶһλϵķƳһ㡣
ʣʣ
͵أͣ˽ŲĿ棬ƴ󣬿ŵǰķĹֱͬһ㷢˽ХɷƵƿ
ԲԷ֮Ĥݵģġ
ǽͣŽǣĤ֮еκһˣǸߵƣ֮ҲС
ˣ
ڳԵϣų˽һĹԣ۳һʮɸߵĽΣƵĹ⡣
Ȼ޷ڷĹռϷ硣
ʡ
춯أͬɽХѣĹϿգ·һ˺ѿ¡¡𶯣ֻϵĽ޿ǣʮɣʮɡʮɡʮɣ
ʮһɸߣ
ϾžŹһ֮
·һһһ̺ĵ
޷
¡
ʱƵḺ́ϵĽѹ£޷֮Ӳѹơ
ͺһλ߹ĽԳԵ˽ͷ­
Ĥݣ
һλߵƣ֮ԳĤݣ
ˣ
һͺ߽һ֮У˷ʮضǷ׹ԡƣһ֮һ֮ڳܴǳף򽭹麣ǧһһ㡣
¡
ڳԵ統УǷס
ڣɵķױԴ̹Ķһ˲Хڣ󽭴ԭҰڱһ㡣

Ծһֻоһ֮ӿ壬Ѫ⡢֫ٺ֮дϴӣһ̥ǵĸоĸоʯ鲻
һֻۺ׺ֳʱһɰ磬ϣƴķӳԵɢ
Բ
һ̣ԵķױԴﵽԲ֮
⣬ڣһӰ˷׹ԣȻֻһӰӣϣȴһϣɿܣֻӰһ·ǽ˳Ե飬Խһʱա

һη֮⣬볽Եľ硣
һ׵۵硢һ˱鲼ĳꪡһ˫֮ѥһסһ׶Ƶȵȣ֮౦ﶼľ֮УԸоЩﶼϵֻǲʹá
ˣ
ڴʱһɫӡǺһɫӡǳ֣ںһγһɫӡǣ˳Եľ֮У֮ӵеıһܹӦ޷ʹá
²⣬ԼڵΪ޷ʹЩ

һ˲Ծ͸оԼָ˫ֻۣƵĹѾʧ·δڹһ㡣
Ҽ̳˷֮ĴУλ
ɴ۾ãԲڿ϶Լһλһλ߼ƵĴУһ죬Ϊµķơ
ŷѩˣδǳĹǰ
ǡãҲ˽ľˮбԴѾɣֻһͿԲԳĹǰ뿴Լܷڻ÷ƴе£ٵõƵĴС
㲻ܣܹбԴ֮Ҳһջ


ĹĹһߴʮɣɿнɫɫɫɫɫɫۼںһγ磬ʮ
һʮɷΧԾ͸оǿ
Ǵǳ񣬴δܵ˴
ųĹڵбԴĹ̺ԽǢ˴˷ӦһȲҪϵ̬
оһ㣬һϲ
飡
Ĺһɾʱ򣬳̸оһѹԷĹһһҪĤݵĸо
ʣ
ʱڳԵ쳹˾춯صĽһʮһɵĽӰ֣ǽѹȥĹϵԳԳҲĹһ߰ͷ­
ˣ
һ̣Ĺ棬ͽһ߲֮УľˮķڳתƣͺһԵľꡢ֮С

ʱ߲ʹ԰ԣɫƳ壬̺˽֮ľ֮ˮ֮֮顢֮صĵ
ˣ
һ̣һɺƴбԴ彫ԵбԴͻƴɣﵽԲ֮
ƵıҲ˳Եľ硣
Ѿںϣ֪ܷλƵһ𣬳ɾͷƣ˫ۣâ˸˵ˣһǽ֮ںϡ
󣬳ԾͬõƣƵĴһõ˺ڰƵĴС
ռƣ
ʮߵĹΨʱ䡢ռ䡢ֻأλƵĹоžŰʮһɸߡ
Ȼλǵ֮֮
񣬳ԾҪÿռơֻƣϴڵĴˡ
ռ
ʱ䲻ռΪ
򵥵һ仰Ѿ˿ռǿ֮ϡ
ܹռǵڻ֮İԼŬ֮󣬷˴ֻ֮ҪԲ̫֮ˣڵ졣
񣬵֮Ĺռ֮ĹڣУڼ˳ɾԲռ
ռ䣡
һ޴ĿռɣռĿ֮ȫӵ򣬱磬һռԲ֮ͲҪԪڵİеλ档


1257 ȡУ3
ֻҪһͷͿԳֵκһ磬еλ棬͵λ档
ǿռİ屾Դ

߽˿ռ֮Ĺüͷһ壬ֻаɾ룬һ˲ͿԵ飬ռ֮Ĺһɡ
ռ䣡
ռ֮Ĺڣͺһ޴Ŀռ䡣
Ȥ
վڿռ֮Ĺڣǰɣã·ûʱռĴڣ֮¶һ΢Ц³֣ҽ˳ȥһºǰĿռ䶼˱仯
ǰһ嫵Ŀռ磬һߴʮһɵĹǰ֮䣬ϡׯصϢ
Ĺ֮ϣûһ֣ûκ޷㣬챦еֻһƺۣһһһۿȥ£ͷͺͿѻһ㡣
һƺ棬ȴоһɹɴ벻ڵϢͿռﵽµ֡
ÿһƺۣ̺˿ռԴİ壡
ԣɵɲ죡
Ψ
ûռǵռ֮ĴУҲ޷ãֻܹ̾Բͬ˿ռ䱾ԴѾ˴֮ǻνɸ¥ƽض𣬻Ϊأ
˻˷չһҲˡ
ˣˣˣˣ
ÿ߳һڳԵĽ¶һСĿռ䲨ƣһ㵴ʮ֮ڣԳΪһжʮ¡

ڴʱԵٶȶȻ
ǣٶȱͺܿ죬˿̿ռ޷谭Կͺ
һֲ˼ٶȱƽռ֮Ĺ
ⲻسɴ磬ĿԽռ䣬ʱա
أ
һ죬ֻԵư˿ռ֮Ĺ棬̴˺֮һƺͬǳһ볽Ե塣

ʱϵĿռϢˣϵռ
ʱţ
Ҳ֪ȥá
˫ֻۣռ֮ĹϵһƺѾʧֻʣһſհĹ·ַᱮһ㡣
ʱԵĿռ䱾ԴȻﵽԲ֮

һӰûпѾʧˡ
һ̣Ѿֻ֮Ĺڣǰ
ֻ
֮һڲࡢһֶ
ԵֻڴֻǴĻ޷ֻԽһףǿжԾ
ֻأ
ļҹ
ʲôֻأ
˵ʼִӽʼֻأС˵ҹ죬쵽ҹֻأӴģﶬﶬƬģֻأ˵һҲһֻء
ͺ񳽻Եһڣڣ֮󣬳ɳҲֻء
ֻأ
ֻѾ̵Ϊһֻأܹڶʱֻ֮
޷ġ
κһˣ񳽻һ򵥵ֻ
˻һоͶˮˡ
ֻأֻأҲֻأںϡԵָֻ֮Ĺ棬һǳǳĺۼ·ֻۣ֮һһ
ûκ
һгš
Ҳ·֮С
վֻ֮Ĺǰһֲһ·ڸֻء
綼һ̾
һйޣ
֪ȥá
ˣ
ͻȻͬһĲֻһڰ׶ɫԲֻ֮Ĺڣ֮ȽȽͬһְգϢĽ˳Եһ죬ͺһֻ֮У뾫硣
ӡ
ӡ
ӡ
ڰӡ
ռӡ
һֻӡһӡڳԵľ硣
֮⣬
ǣ
࣡

ӡȴܹӡ⡣
һӡ
һǳԶδԤϵ

һǽҲǳԾ֮Уھŵ
ţ
֮Ͼ忪ͷ֮
ʹóԶԤϣ⣬һжδ֪
Ҳһ̣ԸоԼޱȵĽӽ˾

ֻ֮˳ܣߵĹ֮УƴУеĹҲˣûȥЩƴУΪյƴУǸ߼ƴڣһвࡢ𡢽
ŵ˵ܹԤԵΪĵһ
ôǿƣ֮
ȻҲֻǳԵһ룬Ͼڻδͻ˾˵ңԶ
ĹֻŷѩѾһһôС
Ǹоôʵ
ܺáǲԣˡ
ҴδйָоԼܹܿͻڡŷѩȻЦ
磬ҵ֮ѾɣûдﵽͷоܹͻԲ̸˵
Ҳܿġ
Ƕ˽ϻúͷһۣЦ
ܺáԵ
أʵ
ǰ磿Ҳʵϣ֮ɫ
˿򳽻ԣ˵ҵõơơڰơơռƣֻƵĴС
ʲô
˻һ˶ǴһϻúȻôܣһܹͬʱõôƵϿɣ
һֻһܹͬʱϿɣǾˡ򳽻ԣò˵
ࡢޣϻõ
ԣŷѩ˶򳽻ԣ˵һԵɺ֮£õ˲ࡢ
һ⻰ϻúͷ
ģŷѩǶŮţΪǶ֪ͷֻǶû뵽ԼķȻܹͬʱõֱ֮޷


1258 ʱ
ϢԲܴȥϻúͷһۣͬʱ˵
šŷѩ˶ͷ

Ȼһ˿
˭
һȣͼһӰӳԵߵĹء
ޣ
һɫ΢䣬û뵽˾ȻǶޣҲ˽
ɱ
ϻúͷ䡣
ԣҶ½ˣαɱҸղ˵ĻҸδҲǴ󾪣ôû뵽ԾȻͬʱõг˼ɵԷ֣ȥǰһк󣬾ˡ
Ĺ
⾹ȻһĹһڴ˵֮е֮Ĺ

һҪǿĶȻŹǧѷĻᣬһƴ
Ҫý񴫳У
֮Ĺôûн֮ĹĹеĹ޽ߵĹûзֽ֮Ĺ϶ʱ˾֮ɫһۣðΪѾ׷
ޣĹ֮ؾ֮ء
ɫ䣬齣ɢĽ⣬৵һ£һصһͽ޵롣

Ҿ˻ֻ޵񱼡
ܣ
һȣٴһ
ɶ񣡡
Ҫ£Ķ˻ڳһ֮£Ψзֿһ̫죬ʱȥۣˤ࣬ɷ۴⣬ʬ޴棬ȴķ֮һʱ֮Ĺϡ
ʲô
ˣԶһ㶣ҪֹѾˡ

ʣµķ֮һʱ֮Ĺ֮УʧӰ
ѵעԳ̾
⡭ǰϻõ˼ˣҲһ˵쵰ʱ֮Ĵаɣ
ŷѩǵһĬϻü˵ܡ
ʱΪ𣬿ռΪĻʱ֮ĴУǱ뽫ɱĿ˵
ʱذεС˱
Ǿڴ˵Ⱥ򣬲ˡҲ˵
ռΪʱ£ʱ֣ռҪΪһϾѹ˳ԵĿռΪռĿǾʱŤתʱգһС
һΣԸо˶޵в
ɱ
ȣ
˵ȴ
ʱ֮ĹڣϢԵ˶޷϶Ƿδʱ֮ĴУֻ֮һĻᣬҲԲö޹ɡ
ˣ
ʱʱ֮Ĺɢһ첨ӿռ䣬Ӱʱ䣬óԵһʱŻĸо
ʱ䣡
ʱ
ǰԵĿռܵѹƣǴﵽԲ¶޷ʱ⡣
ã
ϻá˶ɫ䡣
ۣ
ƿŷѩǡ涼һѪԼæ˵ǽͨ
ҪСġ
ŷѩǶĳԵİΣ
ǷģʱҲɱҡ˵֮У̺һţռֻĵ֮һǲࡢǻѹʱοֻ
ԣܹɱʱĶޡ
ˡ
һ̣һɺƴʱɨ
飡
ϻáذε˶Ǳ
ǿʱ
ʱ𣿲Ĺߡ
СԽǿԽҪɱ
ذε˶ɫһ䣬ص˵
Ҳͨᶨ˵
Сġϻһۣ˵
¡¡
ʱĹռ䶼
ãȥ
ɫ䣬һˣϻ˾ͽ֮ͨС
ৣৣ
ͬʱֻһӰϿսÿһӰϵϢƴޱȣǿᵽ˼㣬˾ڴڣٶӵ޵˾ڴܵսһ콾
һһߵ֮ǴʧɫĹ
ˣ찡Ѿˡ
ôôôܹأ
Ҳ
һ֮˾ڴܶ״Σ֮ɫҲǴʧɫôģֻ˾µİ߲ſԽ𣿡
ĹУ찡ƴУ
ǿԻôУ񣿡
񣿹Ѿɹ˥٣ֻҪƴУҾͿԳ񣬳Ϊϵˡ
һ̣һ֮ˡ
ৣৣৣৣ
һֲ˼ٶȱƽһĹصأҪȡһƵĴС
ɱ
ֻնĵȳĻᣬû˻ԸŹҲûԸ⹰ãһ֮ȻΪ͵λ֮͵ϮۣۣʱţѪꡣ

ҵĻЩ˾ڵ콾һ֮£޵ֻֿ֮մһ˿͵ˡ
ֱһԶǰսĳ
ƣ
ҲЩҲ˶ġԼһĻͷ
䣡䣡
һԼǧ޵ڴܣ콾սս棬þ춯ءض޷ݣ̫ң̫пᣬ̫ˡ
֮䣬ѾĹ
ڰĹ֮£һĹҲûܵӰ죬Ĵһɹɿֲ֮УΡȻ
ѾˣҲϣ
ң
һжˡ

˭ûз֣ߵĹȺ֮Уʱ֮Ĺɢˣ৵һ£ֻһӰ˳ǶޣϣһĪʣ·𲻴֮һ
Ŀһ˲䵽˳ԵϣĿɱš


1259 
ˡ
һǿɢȻ˾ڣһһھӨ͸ıγ޲һӣ򳽻ԡ
ޣ
Դ󾪣ӳ齣ֵֻû뵽Լٶȴ󽵣Ե¶˾֮ɫ֪ⲻǽʱٶҲ˵ʱ

һЦɣ
룬ֻؽ
˵ֻһת齣УֻһﶼҪֻ֮УȴĶЦ˵ԣͿֻҵʱʤһ
ʱ
VS
ֻ
Ҳǹֻʱһ
һƴϡ
͡
Եһֻ̺޵һ̺ʱԴ̶̣֮ǳ
ҪֻŤת޵ʱҪʱƿԵֻ
أ
һ֮쳹貣һ죬ֻԵ˳ȥɶֹһѪ޲̴ЦԣҶеıৣ˵գһ򳽻ԡ
һҪԵ
н
׽
ɽ
ʩչصһɱײ˳
ɣ
űϣɽһɹᴩʱƿʱգն򳽻ԡ
ʥལ
ֻؽ
ħ
ǽһγɱɳʱ̫Ťתʱ䣬ı䳽ԽĹʱ䣬ӻǰ˼㡣

һ򳽻ԡ
ৣ
ʱһ˹ֲ֡
֮Ҳԣ
޴һֲѪ磬˳ȥ
ﶼ𣬲ֻأࡣ
ǿѹڵƣӶ齣ֻءһն򶫷ޡ
һƥشֲ
ۣ
һ£޵ʱʱ߽⣬صһػһ㵹ɳȥ
齣Ӷӣͬһƥ򳽻ԡ
ҡ
޴
ηСҽ֮½ˣһĴ৵һ£һƥĽնһ̺˷۵һһ̱
ԣߡֲ

ԸоǿƥĽоˣĿһֻһͷһ߰׳˶̤߳˫ĿͬԣŻͻͽǽ֮½֮ܡ
ǿĽ־
Ŀ˳һۣ̾˵޼𺣬æ˵뽣ɱ
ৣ
˼磬̫ǿԲ֮棬ȥ
СӣϷ𣿡˵
һĹ˽ʱ˷Сϣ»֮ӡԿԶ˵
ţһȻѾв֮ȡƴУҲһ˵СӣϷЩˣ͸㲻á˵գһӣȻһֱָȡʺҪ
ৣ
ˣֻǽһָ̫ʤһеԼе齣ȻѾǵۼ޷ֵһһϻͻ͵ıƾճ˳ǰ
ͨ
һʵСӣͨʲôϵ

û˵ͨסȫ˳Ĺռ䣬Ľָȴûͣ羪飬һ죬ֻһ𣬲ҽһɳĹռ䡣
ȥɱԸµ
ãȥɡ
ԣӲˡ˵һ䣬׷ߵĻᡣ
һ˳Ĺռ䣬̾ȥ
̫ǿˣǶɹ˥ٵİǿƥ򵥵һڽָͲǳֵܹģˣ뿪
ޣ
ɶݳʮԾ͸о˶Ȳ׷ɱɱͽ˫ĿƣɱȻˣ붫һս
ԣӲˡ
ںȣӴһ쳹
ߵ֮ѾĹռ䣬Ϊβ̩Ŀ粻
⣬ô벻ͨΪܹ֮ߣ
ʱ޵ĻóˣЦ˵ԣǷɻΪЩܹߣĹռ䣿ҸɣҶʱŤתʱգռ䣬ǽġ
㣿ɫ
޵ҶǱɱˣߣ㱻ˣҲҪѲƤɱĴʱ
ޣǱŴ׷ɱ龰𣿡Цƾ㣬ɱҡ
ɶ񡣡Ŀ𣬷ŭ죬α׷ɱǵĻѾ½ܸԸɱˣ˾õʱ֮ĴУĸȻԽ˰̡
ݶ˵ҿ㻹ֵܹʱ
ߣ
߲壬ƿҺֱӷãδָ٣ΪǶɹ˥ٵİ̺˷ǿߵֶΣôƺõġ
ৣ
ԡһǰһ󣬷ɳڣ֮ء
ɶ񣡡
޼׷ϳԣԽķߺޡ
ռԽռ䣬𣡡
ɫ԰ףϢһҧռ䱾Դת߶˿һ·ǰڿռһԽʱա
ռԣѵ㲻֪ʱΪ𣬿ռΪʱǰռҲŪֱЦ󷽡޼һ㶣Ц˵ʱ黯ʱ̣һ
ʱʱ̶ʱת


1260 

ɫҧ⣬ھѪֻأ߶صһǿг忪˶޵ʱݣֻԵͬǶһԶѸʧ
ʲôɶˣѾˣھѪѾʣ°ڣãɱ˶ᱦĻ¾ڷˡɫһ溬Ц˵

磡
ߵλ棬һ֮һ
磬ֻһˣɮˡ
룬һаʮһɵĹգնǧһɰ꣬ƽƽûзҲûгԹ
ΰĴ۱֮Уɮ֮޺
Ϸһλ̬ɫ޺üĿ̬İɮ˫Ŀһ
ֱߣһλɮˣƽͣȻǻС
ʱɮ˿˵ӣĹѵãȥӭӣ
ʦɻ󣬿ɮ
ȴɱ˫ۣ˵ȥɣ
ǡӦ˫ֺʮ߳˴ɻ˾˭ˣɮĻ˵Īǳԣ
ܿ죬߳˴ĿԲʮ֮ڶһˡ
ৣ
˳ȥ

ʱһɼǿĽԾ֮ϯ£˷֮и֮ˣһӰƮжһԣǰסԣ˵Ȼصˣ˭
һ飬̺˥٣񼶱Ĵ
˵ҾȲֻʦˡ
ৣ
գб𳽻Ծء
ɡδʹһԾƽ͵ǻеʦǸɮˡ
ʦбų߽˵ȷǵӵĹѣԣһ˫ͣˣǱɹ˥ٵİǿ˵ġ
ʲôһ޺ɮ˶ǳһµĳԣǾǿĽ־
ΪʦѾ֪ߣȥĸΪʦɮ˵
лʦдϲ
šɮ΢΢ףƽ˵дԵ˵ˣ绹Ҫɹһ١
ʦд󾪡
ѰʣպȻ֪ɮ̬ƽ˵
ĸ
ϷھŲһ¥ɮͻаѳͽ
Ծڴϣɮ˳һۣ˫ƽͣ͸¶ǣ˵ܹʥ˾磬ȻҷԵ
ʦѾ֪ˣо
ǺǣⲻΪ֣ʥȻҷͨвܹõҲĻԵɮ˵ˣȺ򣬴Ϊʦˡ
ǡе˵꣬˳˾ĸ
ɮ˳һۣ˵һĪĻͨʦ֣ԤԵѾˣվֻǲ֪ܷҷŶɹѡ˵ɮ̾һ˳Եϡ
ʱһɹʥ֮ڳԵɢ
ھĵȴ
ʱ֮ɮ˳ϴһ˿ƣʵʦû°ɣ
ɮ˵ӣչ֮󣬴Ϊʦ
ǡӦ
ɮȥˡ
ĸڡ
ԸоԼһΣԼһƽ͵֮Уһжôá

Ҳ֪ȥãʱ̸оԼڵʥԣʥȻѾԲ˫ۣ˵ʦ
ԣˣи˵Ѿˡ
ʲôԳһʵ
硣еʦ޾㡣
ʦԵ˵
áе
ʱһ£Գ˵ʦڰʮһĸڵ㡣
áԵ
ȻɻΪҪԼҲʮһĸ
һ޽򵥣ׯϡµĸ¥Ϸվ棬һ۷·Կÿһ䣬Ը߽ţʹһԾº͵Сѣɣ
ƿţ˽ȥֻһΰģͷ׷ɮԼֻһۣȻӰЩϤ
ͨˣ
ԾȻӰͨЩϤֻǵתʱ򣬳ʱһֱţ޾Ȼͨ˵òһģһǶϢͬԾԻΪͬһˡ
ʱȴ޺Ц˵ôСĪǼƶɮ
ûУֻǾ޴ʦһλǰЩ񡣡˵
СѾƶɮĴˡ˵
⣬ͨǰ޴ʦĴ磿Գһʵ
׼ȷ˵ƶɮͬ硣˵
ԭˡԳһҪ֪ͨʮǰĴͨû뵽İܣʵ޴ʦǲ֪ͨǰںδ
ƶɮҲ֪˵ҪСѵĻȻǰ㡣
ʦ˵Ե
ˣƶɮСѾ컯۷壬ʱվͿͻ˾Ļչͻơƽ˵
ʦСӽʥԲ֮ṩ֮СӣСӸмԹ˵
ǺǣСѲˣƶɮΪֻΪ˵
Ե
СѾͻס˵
ʹʦˡԵ
СѾĸڱչذɣģƶɮᰲΪ㻤˵
лʦԵ
ǣڷĸס£ŷѩǡϻõ˵֮󣬾Ϳʼ˾ˡ
Ҳʮ޺ҹڷĸó԰ıչء


1261 ɾ˾
ͬʱһ춯صϢˡ
ȡ񴫳У
Ϣ䶯ߵλ棬Ӱеλ棬͵λ硣
𶯣
⣬ħҲ𶯣һħĵĽߵλ棬񴫳С
һЩϹﶼ˳Ӹ֮񴫳УһȷѪߵλ棬ɢ
һʱ䣬ҡ
𶯵Ļں棬ħ֣硣
·ĩһ㣬߻̻̲ա
磡
Ϊף쵼ߣδ񴫳ᣬһЩǰµģµħħ֣ƺƵ繥
ԭһжΪͨʥ׵ȵħħĿǣѹħħ綼ĻǵҪ硣
һʱ䣬紦ڷƮҡ֮С
һ߸ߵ緢ԮźţûһΪѾңٰ񶼱ħħɱеǱ屾İɱĩշ·ˡ
磬ҲһƬ֮С
Ǻȥδӣ
֮޺Ѱޡ
վҪȥδӣѵûһ𣿡̬ƽ͵
ʦǶԸػ硣зߺ˵
ħħͬʱҲҪһս
ħħڣһҪٵҷͨԲǵóѡ
ѹǣδزһս
޺ͬͬ£Ҫ硣
ȥɡ˵
ǡһ޺Ӧ
ӣСΣʵ
ʦδءе
ȥȺɡ޵
ʦе
ȥɣдԵ˵ˣΪʦ˵ģպ˸ŵξͼ縺ˡ޵
ǣȥˡйһݣ˵˵꣬˳˴ڣǰĸ
磬֪ĿɶԣܷҷŶɹ˽٣˫Ŀ˫ۣ˵
ĸ
ɽڴ˵ȴԳأֻǳԻδ֡
վڷĸ⣬ĿȻɫһ䣬ৣৣֻһ޴ĺӰⲿռ䣬ڲһʥսаңÿһܹˡ
䣡䣡
ʱҲ˾죬·ڲ̤һ㣬ֻһʮɸߵħ֣һȥ಻ͷޱ޼ʵħ
¡
ϿգһԭâʥࡢϢ֮ȫɢȡ֮һƬ޾ڰ
磬ޱߺڰ֮С
ûлңһжƽ·ʲô鶼ûзһ
ֻһɮһǽվħħ̹Ȼƽÿһλɮ˵϶һ⣬ͺһգųâԶԶȥϣ̫

ħħĺڰһһɢ̫â
⣬ĸоħħϵϢڼ
໡
һħ嶼¶飬һ޴ķͬһɱǰ
𣡺𣡡
ħҲϰ֮࣬಻Ͽգħ纣ϯ£ͬɫ£绢
ħħֻһĿģ磡
ûǹϵӭУӭʷǿĶ֡
ս
ս
ս
ɮӭսħħ
ɱɱɱɱ
һ˲䣬ħħڴͬɸ磬ոֵĹâ̱룬һǺڰһǹâͬһ㣬ڸߵλ浱ա
ս
ɮǿֵȻѹ÷ѹħħʥͨҲԿħħһб
ħ壬ħƵ˾ܣжɹ˥ٵİڣʮѾ൱ħħ֮һ
һ𣬳ңҪ磬ֱǲѴ֮
ֻҲ͹ŵǿûһɮ˺ˣܣԼɱһһħħ
ħóߵħɮ˶徻Ҫǵħֱڵ죬ֻսɮˣȻҲɱ¾

ħҽУҲħҽУΨķɮİ꣬Ƿ·ѾҲλοĵǵУѾû˲
ΰľžŰʮһ֮ϣԼǧ޺̬ƽһУ·δоһ
ѵ治Ϊҷһ𣿡ʱһ¸صɮ˵ˣޣʵ
й֮֮עģҷ˴ѣλжףǶ㲻ģô벻кأһƽ˵
ǧ޺ĬȻʻɮҲˣ˫ֺʮǡ
ޱ˫ۣ̬ޡ
ĸ
վڸ⣬ħħɱ¾ŵӵ龰һɫʹ࣬ҪȥЩͬţ֪ܡ
ֻĬȻתŸŲ
ĸڣһͣƽ޲ϣǸоһ˿һĽϢ

ʱ˫ۣ˵˾𣿡
˿̳Գɾ߶Ҫɾ͵֮
һ˾ˡ


1262 ޵
ô£Ը֮ʶһɨͷ˻УҲоޱ޼ʵħħüͷһ壬˴齣˳ȥϲԣͻ˾ˣ
šԵͷĿһɨʵô£ħ˺ħô磿
̾һ˳ԡ
ʲôɫһ䣬ǰĿü˵ħ壬ħ̫ǿˣǿµֵˡ
Ƿ磬أ֮󣬶ûзž֮˵
ϻãذ֣ǳɡȡͨϻúذε˳˵ϻãԸֺϷͿˡ
áϻõͷҲֻһͿԳɾ˾ĻȻŹ
Ҳĥһµĵذεս߰
߰ɡԶԻ˵
롣е
һ˷ĸһ޺ǧ޺ĬĬ
޴ʦǰ˵ħ塢ħԸΪ繱һ΢֮
СѣħаۡۡѪۡۡ״۵ʮλԼħ޵ڤף㾡ڴ磬ҲǱˮнƶɮֻ鷳һ飬Żȥɡ˵
޴ʦԵ
ȥɣˣˡ޻˵е޵УȻΪһλ۷彣㲻ǵ֣ȥɡ
ޣԵԺһʱͳ֣䣬ҲֻжҪɱİ֣ǽĹ֣ħ塢壬ħһţ綼Ѿˡ
񴫳֣֮ѱ˳񣬵ʱ¶䡣
һҲһ
޴ʦء֣صߡ
ʦ˫Ŀһ죬ʵ
ȥɡ޴ʦ

뿪

棬ս𣬲ҽʬҰѪɺӣħ塢ħͷŵӵʬͬһͬĩһ㣬Ҳն˵ĩա
ԣȥʵ
ȻԪڡԵ
ৣ
ħħƴ󣬾㳽ͻ˾Ҳǲһҹǰ񼶱Ĵھǰ٣ƾϻáذε˵ǱˮнһսҲã޵Ȱ֮£ս뿪硣
ֻǳԵʥսһ֣ħħע⣬ʮǿڴ𣺡ס
أ
һ죬ʥսҲ޷ֵסڵľӣοлвٵ˾ܡ
á
ɫ䣬ʥս޷УҡΣ˵ߣȥ
˴ʥս
ء
ʱʥսӲĴ򱬣ڳ˳ӭǵޱ޼ʵĺɱħħͬһϯ
ɱ
һۣһһͬʸһȥۣۣʱѪĽѪɣֻħħ̫ˣɱҲɱꡣ
ɱ
Σͷ޴ǧ޺ɱ˵ߡ
ৣ
̳ȥ
¡¡
ʱһɹǿƥ֣ħƴֻһߴħӰƶħħڣа۵ȴܣ˵ޣڳˣܺãվ֮գɱ
ۣ
һԵĴսչҽ𣬵Ѫʻ䣬ޱħͬϯһ
գ
ʱ޺ǧ޺ۣϷҫʱһаɵķӳ֣âɣҫ磬â̫ͬһ֣ħħ֮Уҽ
ǳŻᣬħħİΧ
ǽͨ˵
áذεϻöͬ⣬ֻлɻ󣬵ó֮ͨ͵ͷ

ذε˽ͨ󣬳ԵϢ䣬ǻһħ壬ħɭģ̳֮ȥ
һûֹˡ
ȻһħڳȥЩɻ󣬵ȴûֻһ̳ɫ䣬ˡ
ħС
֮⣬ޱ߼ʵӰ֣ͬһнÿһ϶ŷƥĽʮˣȻǽ͡
֮½
һ˲䣬ԾȷǵЩͶڽ֮½
ͷĺȻҲǰܡ
޴˿վԣƼԣ̰γһ򳽻ԡ
޵ô
ЦһһץͣµĽɵһɶһ䣬ٻ֮ţ޾ǵصӿÿһ˾ڴڡ
ɭħ콾ɭ޶ʱɫ䣬ɫɵ˵
СүңĹһȥЦ
һ֣ɱħ޻ӽ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
һ˲䣬ޱ޼ʵĽʹųɱ˹˺ѿأһ綼ѡ
ʲô
ⲻ˳𾪣Ҳħħ𾪣̵תͷɱ֮½Ľ͡

ʱ׷ƮƮĽȻˣֻһӣһаɵĽն£ۣʮħҲ˳ȥȴδýһ£˵ޣɱ
ǣ
̳֣ɱ򳽻ԡ
ڴʱħһ۵˳ˣǰ񼶱ĴڣҵõƴУʵǿǲֹĻ°ħʱͻḲ
ʱ򣬱˵磬ԼҲҪΧɱ֮Уܷӻȥһ


1263 ޷
磬ħðȥɡƮƵԳƣ̬̹ȻһʤȯյƣֱӾ۵ˣ˵ңҲħ壬ħܹҵġ
õƴУ˵һλƣ˫ĿڶŽã˵
Ϸõ˽֮ƵĴСЦ˵ô𣿡
ɱ˵
Ϸɱ
䣡䣡
ʱۺͽȰսһ𣬹ɹɻɢɫ䡣
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳ޵ס
أ
ٴδսֻǳħɭ붫޴ս޾ʱΪ˾ڵĳҲǶ֣Ψ˾ڣڴܹܲѹƳԡ
ɱ
Ǳڳû˿ķ˻ˡ
Լ˲罣ƻֺ꣬罣죬˫罣һδն£һѪö޵˵
ɶ񣡡
޵˴ޡ

Զޣбɱ֮ģһͷڷ罣һֽ䣬ལնصһ޾ͱɣѪ磬Բƣ߽ͬ񵨲ң
ɭɱˡ
һ˾ܴ־Ԯޡ
˭ҲȲ
ƽӳԿд͸¶һ罣һĸо·ɱһһ޽£һӣһ̺ɽ̩ѹһ赲ҪԮ޵ˡ

޴Ӷ𣺡ʱ֮ӻһУҵס
أ
һն£·ڿռϣһϣᣬ뻺֮Уüͷһ壬Եͺһ³ֻ֣أ
أأʱͬһֻ֮޴ʱ֮ϵת۵һУ޴󺧣ô
ۣ
һѪȫѪ˺ۣ׻һ㵹ɳȥ
ৡһ¡
ɳȥһ˲̤߳ԴڰԴͬϣŭӿ˺򶫷ޡ

һΣľˡ

·ʹȫڴ붫ڶݽν֣ٵߵλ棬ʤһΣҪɱˡ

ͻȻһɰĺϯ£ͬӵһ㣬ֱǽ˳ȥһ޴ƥΰǿĺӰ֣һۣģϣƤͬһһ𣬵һ˫۾籦ʯǡ
һߣԾһ˵޷죿
ްݼ޷ħ񡣡һ飬̳ź߹һݣģ±ȶԽҪ
ֻǣ޷δ޵Ļ˳һۣ˵Ŷ㾹ȻҲ֪𣿡
ħǰ֮һȻ֪Լ޷ҲûпԼķ֮˿ɫн˵ֻǲ֪ǰΪֹɱ˴ˣ
߰ɡ޷쿴򶫷ޣ˵
ǰȻ޷ɱǰɭ޷ûͷȻǲҳԣɫ৵һ£ȥ
ڽԱдãȻ𲻻ɱ޷ſ򳽻ԣޱ˵Сӣ㾿˭Ϊαоǰ
Сɭһǰû˵Ҳ֡о裬ƽ˵СӻҪ£ȸˡ
޷Ȼ
ǰк£ʵ
ñ𿴿ɡ޷һ˵꣬һֻããץ򳽻Եļ
ˣɫһ䣬̴߶ࡢ𡢿ռһӣϯ޷ǿħ֮һڣǳֵܹģֻۣһ£Ծ͵˳ȥ
СӣȻӣ˱Ҫˡ޷΢΢죬ôû뵽һ˾ڵĺ󱲾ȻܹԼһƣȻֻǼ򵥵һƣҲˡ
޷ħܹоǰɭĹŹ֮
ԣҪһ̽
ৣ
û˿ԥ̱ˣ޷ʵȽҪֲǶ֣޷·ѾϤ˳ԵͼһЦֻһ˫ͫ׺ȻɢһȦȦɫâͬ޴ֳһ
ã
ˣɫһ䣬־;̷̸оһײԼľϡ
Ȥֻ˾ڵΪȴӵп˾ڵԽԽϷȤˡ޷һۣܺƣƶͺһħƽԡ
أ
ԸоԼӿޱߵҰ֣ʴ飬䡢ݡ𣬳ԾͺԨʹͽ޷Ծȡ
ʣ
ڴһ˲һ춯صĽԳԵľ쳹ǾڵĽӡ춯ۣ޷ǣ̱˺ѡ
ǡ޷ʱ㵣˵֮ӡǣôܣľôн֮ӡǣǽޣ˵⻰޷Ҳ˫𾪵Ŀ򳽻ԣ˵Сӣ㲻ɭ˵㾿˭
ৣ
û˵α˳ȥ
£
޷ɫݣƤһòŤһΣſһ磬һĺɫͬһ򳽻ԣⲻһʹҲһ񹥻ħõֶΡ
ֻǣһǴͨο޷ʩչġ


1264 ħ
ʲôԻǵһȹ֮³Ծⲻ޷һνֻ֣һյģΪһ޷ûбѹʵİڣý֮ƽҲδĶ֡
ӡǡӡǡֻӡǡӡǡڰӡǣҷ
дͬʱ߶õƴӡǣֵ޷һʽͨϾǴλߵƵĴУ޷ȫգӳһǿԵģˣʱɫײһ
ǡӡǣӡǣ
ʱ޷ˣһ˫ɫͫ׵ɴôţǰɭСӲõƴУһֹһ⴫˳ȥ綼ҪΪ֮ݣֱ޷
ãܺã
޷춢ųԣòֻǵͷûнϤԴƵϢ˵ǴɱԣӶϵƴС
ৣ
һ۾Ϳ޷еĴ㣬Ӷݳȥ
ħޱߣ
ֻ޷͵ſڣʱһźĻϿգضޱߺڰ֮УһǡþŸ޴ĺ˷֣УתڲĳԼѹ
飡
Եʱ𣬾ͺ⵽شһ㣬һѪըҲ̶á

Ҫ֪ʯ鲻壬Ҳﵽףв壬˵ǿ˼㣬ȻھŸ֮£嶼·Ҫһ㡣
𣬽ֻȡ࡭һζιϵִӳԵĿ³¡صϢ·һ㣬һһͨŽĪ⣬ɴȡ
һȻֵס޷ħޱߡ
ֻʱֵסˡ
ʲô޷첢δųˣһ˫ջǻ۵۾ųԣͷв²⣬Ȼֱܹ֮Էʩչ˵
Ȼ޷ǳԽֻء࣬ں֮
ںϣǳԶ޷˵Ȼ
СӣԽԽñȤˡ޷˵
ৣ
ԲӶݣһʽںϣƣȻ޷Чȥ㲻ҲǱ޷ܵ³Ըġ
ӣ
һΣȳ⵽ش׷ɱҪǱ
Сһӵ𣿡
󷽣޷̤ħϣͣ£ͺһӰӣһ˫ɿݵݣһӡ֣ƺ֣ƺǳ֣Ī⣬Զֲ塣
ûɵģһǰδеΣڳԵͷ𣬻ͷ޷죬в
ƣ
ʣ޷ԳʩչԼĵơ
ˣˣˣˣ
Ƴ֣ÿһȭͷôɢǿƥаʮһϾž֮
ȥ
ޱ³һ֣޷һָָ򳽻ԣ৵һ£ֻһͬǷɽһ򳽻ԣ֮·ûʱͿռĴڣκ޷ֹŹĪΰ
أ
δ򵽳ԣ̸ооһѪﶼһţԪҴܣ֫ٺǽӲȻֻƬ̣ȴѾ޷ܽˡ
أ
أ
أ

ֻԵɳȥѪϵɢϢ˥־鶼ܵ˾޴Ӱ졣
ʲôͨ
Ծ
Сӣܹʶħģҡʱ޷˵֣ͨ򳽻ԣͣв죬Ǻεռ֮ģԳƵĴռ֮ġ
ħģԵ
޷֮дһԵãͻȻɫһ䡣
ֻͻȻվ˫һৣһ֣涼д˹ϵ֣Ȼǽľˮסռ֣޷ʧģ
ģ
üͷһ壬ʵ˵𣿡
Сӣ㻹֪ӵŰɣɣģλƴģ㽫ΪҲɣΪԻдɵġ޷˵
ԭˡԵ
ǺǣһŴԵˣ򲻻õôģҪķĶϡ޷Цû˺ͳԶֵ˼
⻰ʲô˼ʵ
Ҳ޷һʮ֮⡢ȵȣԼ硢סľˮ֣߸ʵȻΪ߸Ϊһɣ̺ԶԶǿ򵥣кҲ
޷˵Ȼ͵˱ǰ֮ͣ¾ǹĵһ˵꣬һ̧һƴ£ৣµͬˮһӿ򳽻ԡ
ʱɫ䣬޹⣬ǳ䣬һж·Ҫˡ
ħĵ
ϣ
ûκ˼أ˫һϣԼռ䡢ڰĻһڳǰųݺᣬγɷ̬
Ҳһ˲ħĺ
䣡䣡
һ֮Уıɣû볽Եڡ
ۣ
ҲһѪû˵ֵ֮
Сӣɣ
޷溬Ц⣬һץֱӿԽɿռ䣬ץ򳽻ԵļҪһס
ʲô
˫ĿԲɣҪȴ޼£޷޷ơ
¡
ͻȻ֮һһī羧͵ĳìմ̳ٶѸӰ֮ȴ׼ȷޱȣ׼޷üģҪ޷ʱ󾪣֮ì


1265 ʥ
Ҳǳһû뵽ʱ̣˾Լһʥ
ʥң
޷һֽһն鶯˫Ŀޱȣɢ޾ħ⣬·ԣգ֮ɫ䡣
ֻǣ֮ìɴ£ۣ޷첻ץ򳽻ԣջƣͣվڰ֮Уһ˫ͫϷͷ˵ãõúܣʥ뱣´ˣ
ɭʥлʥ֮Թһݣϵ
ˣ
δ䣬һֻ޾ڰħ·Ǳ˺ѿһΰһԵƥ߳һѪɫۣ֮죬޷죬˵
޷죬ȥɣδɱ
δ񣿡޷üͷһ壬ĿһƳԣȻЦ˵ʥҿǴޣ̺˽־ѵĲɣοδ޷ҲҪߣֹҡ
ɣ
û򵥵֣ʥе֮ìһӣ䣬ڰļһ˫ڵ˫Ŀ·ӣĮȻû˿С
ҲãվͿʥ޷ͨһ
޷۹Ķħ죬һ̣ò˾춯صı仯ԭ͵建ֱɽһΡ룬ϵ˲񣬻ѵһӣһа֮С
ˣԶһ
ʱʥ˵ɭˡ
лʥ΢΢֣ȥ
ȣ
һ˲޷ˣûжʥָ֣һݵһһħ֮򳽻ԣڴʱ֮ìһ񵲿ħ֮
ߡʥ
ʥ㻵£밲Ȼ뿪޷챩ŭˣߵƵĴУԭֿɵãΪʥĳ֣Ƥӵȥˣֱ޿ˡ
ʥҲħźպĴͨߣ񼶱ĴڣʥҲħ֮еݵλ޷ħ֮һ޶Ĵڣȫ塣
ս
޷ʥս
ʱѾȥɻΪʥֽԼѵΪԼδ񣿲ԼħɭֻԼķ̫֮һ壬Ծʥδ
ô
ǹһ˿Ц⣬ȥͷң磬ֻȻħħİΧ֮УԼǧ޺޷Ѿһ̾Ѹ뿪硣
һΣĸоʵĲࡣ
̲ࡢֻںϣܹ뼫˾ڴһս޵кǿ޷⣬ˡ
ԣʵ
Ԫڣ
ͷһ룬ԾǰԪڣϾԪȳϵݡ
ৣৣ
֮ǰħɭֿˣħɭƺͺڰԼȥ𳽻ǰԪڡ

Գʥսٶȼ졣
һ·Լǲţһ˴羹Ȼ֮ңħħ֮⣬֮ҲǱ˴սΪľƴС
ˣЩɣǷԪڡ
ʱһ˵ĸоͷ
ѵʲôҪ
˼ԪҲԽԽ

Ԫ̫ˡ
ŵԪ羹ȻһûС
ԣûһǿޱȵΣԲǿв²⣬ʲô˽Ԫڣ
ৣ
ʥսԽԪ硣
ˣˣڳԪһ˲䣬һɹɢ˷ƶҪ
ԣڳˣ
һЦ֣һֻ̣̩Ԫһɳһȡȳϳ˳ǰһȴǲɫ˵Ǻ⣿
ԣٷϻƴн
ƴС
ƴǴ־ΰһСܹõģ
̩δ˵һһȡȳϾѾˡ
ʱ̩߳ӳԣ˵Ѿͻ˾ڣܺãڱڷΪȳϣ뽫õƴн
ֻǽҴӳδõʲôƴС˵
㲻ö˵޶Ѿ˱𣬽ƵĴаɡ̩˵
ɶ񡣡һ⻰жԶɱ𣬿̩֪ƽ̩ǾԲưոݵģֻǷƴܽȥģֻĸ졣
ৣ
ͷһԼԦԶݡ

̩һ֣һһȳϡȳ붯֣ţȴźεɱ
ৣ
ڴʱԺȻ۷ٶ֮죬Ⱥ֮УһҽͻָƽٳվڰأŵգȻû˳ԵӰ
ţ
ˣ̩һ˵޵Ӳȥҵ
ǡ
ڳϹӦ
̩ʹΪĳϻصԪȴϢֻעҪʧˣȥûгԵκټʵ̫ˣ̩ҿ϶ԾԪڣΪԪ綼󷨣ԲϢĳȥ
ʵҲˣһֱԪڡ
һϵģԪڡ
仯
һ˲䣬ʩչ˴仯̩޷Ϥ˵죬궼Ҳԡ
̩Ȼ壬ǾͱҳˡԱ˱ɱڳģס壬һȳϣ˾ڵΪδһ˵Ļɣֱ޷졣


1266 Ԫ
һƻҲ˳ͷ
δжǻָƣϾ޷һս̫ࡣ
֪ǰʱȥ
ڼ䣬Ԫƽ˾ģ̩ҲΪѾӳԪڣĻѾҳˡ
ͬʱһϢ塣
类𣬷ŷԼǧ޺ħ塢ħ
⣬һϢħ޷ħʥ֪ιʴսܾˣ磬Ҳˣ䣬Ųڣֻ岢δƽˡ
ƣ
սĸԴΪûеĻ֮С
壬ħ壬ħħħ壬綼ˡ
Ԫƽ
Ԫ
ԪصأһŲ㡣
ţԪԴݡҩϡ伮
ţԪڵĺġ
дţԪĵھŲ㣬һԪӣؼһ֮ӣ̺أܣ̩޷̽Ҳûһһ̽һжǴš
⣬κεӶÿǳϣҲΨȳϲܹҲֻܹǰ㡣
ΪԪصأڣ̩ǲʮȳԼġ塢ȳڴػνǽ䱸ɭϣڳģĳȴֻ֪Ǳϵػ
Ԫڣа񼶱Ĵڡ
ЩʱԪ̽õϢ
һ죬Ԫûκ˵ע⣬ΪػԪһڳѾԡڳϡĵϰΪˡ

ޱ߽Ԫ󣬶ԪĵطѾʮϤˣҲǰ㣬գٴᳵ·˵㡣
Ĳ㣡
Ŀ⻷һȦϵϢȫԪĿ䵽ͨĲĴϣһţһӵСģȻͨ৵һ£һӰ֣ϻá
ϻãˡ˵
áϻβԾЦݣһɺƴ֮ӿȻ˾ڵΪ֮·һ㣬ĲŵϢ
һ죬ĲŴˡ
ৣ
ԽУû֪
ĲԪ
ﾲĵģȴдݡʼۼҩдϧϣһն
齣ͷӡԽǿ
㣡
㣡
߲㣡
ڰ˲㣡
ϻõİ֮£ԽĲ͵ڰ˲ԪڵжȫȡĻʼۼ齣ͷӡ֮С
ھŲ㣡
һʱ
УھŲ̫ǿˣ̺ؽƣҪ֮Ƶͻ˾ڲСϻ˵֮Ϊú˶Ҫʱ䣬Ҫ˾ڵĻҪʱ䡣
У̫ˣȳϽԪֻʱ䡣üͷһ壬˵ȥһᱻϷ֣ʱ¶޷
ô죿ѵھ뿪ϻ˵
ƴˣԪһҪõֻˣҲͻ˾ڣһ԰Ȼ޷ȡʤߵİȴˡ˵
ҺС̡˺󷨣ϣֹܹʱ䡣ϻ˵
áԵ
ϻúͳ̡濪ʼ󷨣һʥ󷨣ҪۼʥϣԪڵõŵر˵һʥ󷨣ǲʮʥҲ㹻
ֻϻá̡˵ʵֻʱڲóһʥ󷨡
ͬʱԡذεŷѩ˿ʼæµѰƽھŲŵķ
һȥ
ȥ
ȥ
ڵ죬ػԪ೤ϼڳϡԪҲûг̽ȥʱȳǰ鿴ǲãһǴһŵûɢ
ˣԪڵжȡˡ
¡
Ԫھͬһ㣬̩һ֪ϢŭԪһ·˵һ㵽Ķһȱʧ֮⣬Ĳ㵽߲ĿһӶʣˡ
ʲô
һɳʱʧɫ
ɸ
һڳϣ˾ڵΪô߲Ԫһˣ
ɶôᴳԪ󣿡
һȡȳϾޱȣǲţȻ˽ԪصأԪ
ȥڰ˲㡣
̩һԲɫ˫̺ɱ⡣
һ
ڰ˲ǿһ
ãԪӣ
һɳʱɫ䣬ҴҵھŲռȥ
˭Ҫ̩
ˣ
ֻǣǻδ߽ھŲռ䣬⵽һǿʹ񹥻
˻棬ȡԪӣһڳϼ˴ʧɫû뵽侹˴֮ˣȡԪڴ뱦ﲻߣȻԪԪӣҪ֪Ԫߵλĸ
˸
һ̣̩Ҳǳ׵׶ɱ
˺
ʱһȳϴ˴ͨ˺񱩣˺һУȻû֮УȴϢʥ󷨣ʥ󷨡Ȼδ˵꣬Ȼҽ֮С
ͷľ磬ܵӰ죬ҡб
ԭʥ֮ڴ˴ʥʹħʶȳϱħӰ鷢
ʲô
һڳϾʧɫ
Ϸ
ʱһ߳һ޵˾ڴܵϢӿ죬һ£ȻǴžȻȴʥ֮һߣ󽵣Ҳ⵽˴ħӰ죬ҽһȥ
Ǵʥʹħ
һ찡侹Ȼ˽ͨںϽ֮У󡣡
һһ󷨴ҡ
һֻҸߵλ棬ŵ󷨴Ҿֻôλѵ֮еһ˴˽ôܣ
˭ԪصضҪ
೤˵


1267 Ԫ
ȥ̫ϳϡʱ̩˵
ǡһӦ
̩˵һ֣󷨵λ̫ϳǰƿ󷨣ɱ
ǡ
һڳϹӦ
֮ڡ
ԣѾʼˡϻ˵ʥȻǵȴ޷֧ţϵİ֣ܳʥ󷨿¼ֲһʱ䡣
֪ˡɫص
˿̣ѾóģҪסĵƽھŲϵ
ŷѩǡذεҲڰԡ
ˣ
ھŲ춯
ֻأںϡ
סе
ģ̺Զʱ֮Уǿλƣʡػʡ˻ʵԼдأ컯Ȼʤ޷ħģ벻ϣ
ֻھŲռŵķ̫ǿˣڶʱڣԸ޷ơ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ʱ󷨿ʼ
ԭԪڵλˣ̩һ֣ϻϲõ󷨡
񣿡
ϻɫһ䣬ԣ㣬ˡ
һ̣Ҳо˽š

̩һ֣󷨣ǰ׷ԲԵߣòͨһ⣬Ŀ࣬Ϣƴһ־Ǿ춯أȻֻ͵ȵİ޷ʥ޷졢İȽϡ
ˣһҲǼģڳԵ˵Ҳһѡ
¡
׵ģһǿ˳ԵϣϵϢʱ˵ھŲ֮ϣصһű˺ѣһɺǰԾδ˼˵ߡ
ৣ
һ̣һ˶ھŲռ֮С
ͨһ
һ˵޾֮С
Ԫӣ
һԴԶ·ûоͷ̺޾볽ڵĽϣһˮ齻ڵζ
ߡ
һ˽Ԫ
Ѱͻ˾ڵֻˣž߱Ͱһսʵ
ˣ
֮޾Ԫգ̺ͬˮһ㣬ԶûֹͣذεҲóޱȣ齣ͷ˵ֱǽΪʥЧ
أ
ڴʱʥ󷨱ˡ
Ԫӣ
һɳϴ󾪣̩ŭֹǡ
һ̣ҲԪ֮УԳһ׷ʹ
ֻԪӷ·һһ޴Ŀռ䣬ûԴͷ֮ת۰Զûиоͷ

ͻȻǰһ棬ȼա
Ԫӵĺģ֮һͻ˾ڡϻü˵
áԵ
ৣ
һץͽץУһ̽ڣˣʱڵķ֮УӡǡӡǡռӡǡӡǶ죬Ӧлζ

һƽϽ纣·һ񽣣³һ֣Ԫӵĺģ濪ʼգӡɣ᳹ڳԵľ֮У̸оԼȪһ
塢ꡢ־鶼һ˵ͨС
ǳǰδеĸо
ʮ
ͬʱϻá桢ٴβһʥ󷨣Ǵķ󷨣ΪľǸԪӣͻ˾ȡʱ䡣

һϻõ˾͸оһǿƥﱼ

ϻһȣʵʥ󷨡
ԣ
͸̩ܹĿϻõˣԼԪĳԣǶʱʧɫ̩Ŀ˵㾹Ȼ
찡Ȼ
һɳҲǳһôû뵽Լ˰֮ڿѰҵĳԾȻ
仯˴仯
һ˲䣬̩űĿĳˣҲֻд仯ܹóԻڳϡģþΪҲɫ˵ֶΣǺֶΣϧ
˵գ̩˵λϣһ֡
ã
ҲͷԪԪĸգԪھˣ飬ΪԪ̫ϳϵǾԲģǳҪɱǡ
䣡
ǿʼǰʥ󷨡
ͬʱȴǲ֪Ԫһλ֮͡
ݣ
⣬һ貵ĽһԪϣֱӱƽԪ
ʲôˣ
Ԫڵ˴ʣһȳϺͣ£Ԫ顣

Ȼⲻûٶȸˡ
ɱ
ȳ̴Ԫ˷ڼƵԪڵӡһ֣⡣
һͬһԽ£ͬһֻһаɳϸĽɫմأʱҽӰɳȥ
飡
һ죬ֻɳĽɫӴԪϣͬ£ߴƥΰ׳۵Ԫڲ˶ҡΣʧɫֻӴܡ
¡
һҲݵԪ֮ڣͬһ޴ףڹʥ̩˶Ǵһô£
ˣһŹӵĺӴԪڣɱ䣬λֹֻֻ̫϶һӻʬ޴ˡʱһ£ӵһȳϼҴҵܽ˵


1268 Ԫ
ʲô
һɳϣ̩˶ɫһ䣬Ϊλһλ޵˾ڴܣȻһӴֻӾж

ĳԣ̩ɫ˼㣬˵ϣȥշֻӡ
ãϷҪʲôĺӾȻĽµ̫ϳϵͷ˵˵꣬λ³˳ȥ
汾һ̩֡˵
ǡһɳӦ
̩Լһȡȳϳ֣󷨡
¡¡
󷨶ҡ·𱬱
ۣ
ϻɫ࣬ҧ⣬ڵ֮ӡǹʥ󷨣ӳ̩󷨵ʱ䣬Ϊͻ˾Ӯȡʱ䡣
ˣ
ˣŷѩǡ桢ذε񡢳˶ڵƴӡӹ̷󷨡

ҡҡ׹̬̩ɫ
ڴʱѾ˴棬ֻԪӶϵϢҲԽԽǿ󣬶֮Ժķ˶ʱ䣬Ϊ̫࣬ǲࡢ𡢿ռ䡢ֻءҪ̫ˡ
ԣͻ˾ڣѵġ
Ԫ̺ԣóԿͻ˾ڵ⡣
¡
ʱһ𶯴ԪϿմ̩ɫһ䣬ֻ£ģĳּҴҵ˽һֻŵ˵ˣϱǺӸɱˡ
ʲô
һΣ̩˼ɫ䣬Ǳݣ磿

̩ĶڵѪһһȻˣڴʱ˿̵Ԫ˵һĴɫݣ˵λԴΪأƴɱ⳽ԣȻٳȥǺͷ
á
೤϶޵ͷ󷨷˿͵Ĺ
Ҳһ֮
ʱǽ³ϺȻǰ˵
ãľСġ̩ͷȻĿ䵽³ϣԼԼһźԼСʱʧɫ˻
ʲô
ľɫ䣬δعǰѾһĹӣֻѾˣɫӵԴϣ۵һѪԽɢ
󣬱ɫһɨʬ屻˺ѣѪĿܶûˡ
ɣ
ľϣ
̩˻
ٺ٣̩Ĺۿ˭³ϺٺһЦŤٿȻһݣɫ꣬һͷɫë֫޳Գһ˫ɫ˸˸ԡ
㾹Ȼûָ̩ˣϳεľź˵ͨ˲ǽѹɽ֮ôû
ȻСһָϥĿĳԣЦ̩û뵽ɣ
ԭһģ̩ߺ޵˵
ߣ̩޳ܵСˣαӣݺôᱻͨѹɽ££ɫ޾ķߺޣ֮ˮϴͻȻ˵
㾹ȻҪݺľˣѰޣѾˣ
ϻ˵ΣնҪ̩һ䣬һ˵λɱС
ޱ˽Լͷʱŭ̩³Թһ㣬ӶɫӾͳ̩ͷ­£飬̩Ѿ׼һӣһӡӭȥ
飡
һ죬̩սһ
ɱ
Ԫ̫ϳϣڴϺľϣֻˮϡϺϣǶǶԳĴɱ֮ģʩչԼĵƣͨҰǺޱ߹󷨡
أ
󷨾𣬳Ѻۡ
á
ϻõ˶ɫ䡣
ˣ
Ȼһǿӳɢϻõ˻һʱϲֻȻͻ˾ڣĿʵʣһķռ䶼·˺ˣ˵ǽͨ
á
һ̣ϻõ˶ͨ
ʲôá
ˮˣʱɫһ䣬ҪԳº֣һȣ߿ײԪӣҾۣ¡¡¡¡ֻƽ޲ԪӶʱ

һɫڶǧɣײβ
á
һ˲̩˶ɫ䡣
ͣ
ԵĻ·һ㣬ޱ޼ʵԪŴ˼伷ѹ˺Ѻͼѹƿֲһпռ䶼˺ѿһаɵϯͬŭһ
飡
һԪڳϴʧɫ̿ܣһⱻ𣬺Ĳҽ
ҲܵӰ죬˳ʮɡ
Ԫڣˮռʱ˺ͣ޷񣬵һȴǿԵġ
ԭ򣬵һͻ˾ڣʵסԪӵ޾ΪãںһȻ޷
ԣɵúá̾
֣Ȼ㣿ԼҲǳһЦ˵ȻˣҶ˾Ԫһ֡
á
ৣৣ
ֻԺͬƽ̩ˣֲսͬɽһƶǿ˾ڴܶ޷ֵ
ˣ
һ̣̩˶ɫϡľˣԪԪҲԪ˵ֱһĳ裬ڴսǲ˳ȥ
ɱ
һ趯ɫӣɫ䣬أԪ󶼱ˡ
¡¡
һޱ޼ʵԪӾȻҲƶһƬɫγĽ£ͺǺ٣¡һ죬ԪһкҲ˸ķѣʱһӰɳȥ


1269 ֮
ৣৣ
һ죬ԪڵʥԪˣԺ·ҪԪ
󣡡
ڴʱ̩һֻԪڼƵĵӡޱ߼ʵһ𣬲ɴ󣬻ǿƥԺ̩ݺݵ˵򣬳ԣ˽ӣ
ߣﻹ㲻ɣ˵
֣Ԫƴ󣬶ҸͻƲãҿվ͵ΪֹΪȶԪڡԼˣæ˵
ţãġȻ嶯ǺǻۣҲ˼̩ȥֲ˷ֺôһԵĻ͵ͷͬ⣬˵ߡ
סǡ̩
ߣֱһսսͨ죬η޾壬еĽɫ죬纣һϯ£һӰͬȻ£أһ󷨶޷赲ֺ
Ӱɣ

ˣ̩˴ŭòԳ֣죬ͳһҪ뿪̩ҪסҲʮּѣⶼʵǿ
ŵ˵ǽһȼİ
ȻҲ˾Ϊ
һͱȳǿ٣ܹ˾ڣԵʵҲǿ
ʵ
ȻѾͻ˾ڣɸоԼʵҪͻ˾ڣⶼΪĶ̫ǿˣбǿʵԭ
ޣ
磡
Ȼֻ˾ΪӵʱʵСнں֧֣˾ڵΪɱ̫ˡ
Դͻߵλ󣬾Ӱ٣ӵлԪڸߵλҲһһǧԳԸ˿ĵĵͷǿ
֣ȥһԪ磬Ծʵ
о˥ٿ쵽ˣһȫĵطɽ١˵ֻңħħڣʲôȫ֮أ
֪Ե
ʵڳԣǺܷģ
֮ءԵ
ʲô֮أУǾ֮أǰȥҪ䣬ȥһغ𣿡æҡͷ˵
ģˡ˵
㣿򾪵
Եͷ֮صһ˵ʱԾĿһۣ˵ǺãǾȥ֮أһյؾʲôá
ৣৣ
󣬳Ժ֮ȥ

֮ء
˻ޱ޼ʣͬһȻ֮С
ʱӰ߽ڣǳԺˣԳԲռҪԽռʵ̫ˣҲܹӰѵ֮һʱΪ𣬿ռΪ仰ɲǰ˵ġ
ˡԵ
Ȼǻ֮ء䣬ǳԵĲ֪ٱϾǺͨһʱ֪ѹɽ֮£Ϊ޷һսǧڶʱھ˾ڣʵȰ
˥ٵȻҪС
ڻ֮׹ɵѣǳ˵Ա֤֮صĻ¶ǰ
ⶼΪ̫֮еλĵһյأҲĵһյأδɳʱѾˣǵһ˿֮ء
һΡ˵˵䣬һһɻɢĵ֮У
ǻ򾪵
֮Իаڴ䣬ΪûջԵʣ˻ӣԱ£ڻ֮ж˥١Ц
ãȻˣǾͽȥɡʱŴ

˽֮ء

֮紵ǧâǵأס
֮⣬֮һƬ
ڴ֮ϣ򼤶֣໣Ҳܹ߽״֮ˣԣл㡣
֣һʣ˿Ц
Ҳٿˡ
֣ʲôʱɽ٣˵еڴ˥ʲôΣҪֻ֪Ҫһɹ˥٣ǾǰƴеĻʱգؿɳɾһơ
Ѿˣʮ֮󣬾˥ٽ֮աкԣݣҲ֪׶񣬵һȴһأϾ˥٣ɲ񣬶ɲǵ
һ죬һֻأ
֣ｲ㲻ˡԿο
ţ˵ĺãϰ꣬ȴûг㿴ͨ͸һ㶣Ц
ৣ
ֻͬһߴƮƮ䵽Զվ֮䣬ȴ˥١

Ҳʮ֮ѡһߵϥ£Ϊ
ͬʱҲذεϻáŷѩǡ˳Ͼۿ˾ڴܶ˥ٵĻɲ࣬˵ҲһǧѷĻᣬԺǶԶ˥ĺô
һ죡
죡
ʮ죡
ֱʮ󣬻֮Ͽճһ˿ı仯վʮ첻ֺ˫ۣ۵Ľͬ趴ˣʱһɿɲ
˥٣
־
ȶɾ٣Ȼٶ־١

˥Ѿ£ߵľȻûǰƴ󣬵ߵӰ죬ȴٵʮٱǧ
˵ٵĶɹʵİٷ֮һôܹɹ˥ٵĻʾǧ֮һҲ˵һǧ˾ڴ֮Уֻһܹɹ
ҪԪ񣬵Ѿﵽһ˸ߵļޣһ磬Ҳһ߰ħħ壬֮Уֻвǧ


1270 ս
ͦģжû½λеλ棬壬ħ壬ħ֪ж磬ߵҪ㣬ǾµĻۣҲֻвǧװ
һĻ˵һˡ
һɾͰǾ֮ϣױȣӵг꣬Ԫֱͬ١
˵ɾ˾֮ôΪ񣬾˾ڴܵ롣

󣬾Ѿ˼ˣ䣬ƴг˶ƴеʱڣѾˡ
Ϊڣ޷񣬵֪䣬Ѿӵа꣬ԪҪΪƣ֮ϡ
һ㣬
Ե˶ֻܼŤܵ飬޷˥ٵľѾˡ
ʹ;񹥻˥ߵľ־һ壬ⲻǶĵĿ飬ҲǶߵĿ飬Ͼ飬ϡ
飡
˸
ϻõҲǳĬ
Ͽգ޴Ŀնѳ˥ϡϢһȴǴ޷赲
Ŀҡʹ࣬޷ܵ
һ̣ʱ·ʮֵĻ
ݣ
ͻȻ׵ģһƥĹԶֱӴڶɽٵ
磿
ˣһ㶣ϳɫһ䣬齣зɳ羪輱һһ۵һ齣ɢΣ˵˵գڻ羪Դضȥ
Сӣ
ֻһòƲ׵߳ǲ˭һ˫ɫͫų˵㲻ڸߵλ棬ô
㲻Ҳȥ˸ߵλ𣿡ʵҲû뵽
СӣԼڻΪɣ粢δѳԷУ֮ɫֻ̯һɺƴɢͬ籩һϯ˷
˾ڣһôû뵽ԼҪ죬Ȼ˶̵ʱ˾ڣҿӻۺһ㶼ûиͻ˾ڵӣ˵
ߣɣڴ꣬ȥߵλ棬õԵٴλΪΨܹԲ֮ڱѾɣֻһͿԽ֮ʱϵ¶Ψ𡣡
ĿƵĶųԣʵ߱Ҫɱԭʲôؽ֮ء
֪ʵ
ɻô벻ףΪγҪɱԼ
ɻǵ½Ե
½ҪеĻԪ粻ǲ磬һ½ĸ֣ͫ׶ʱһǳʵ
Ե½ƵٻѾûж೤ʱˣҪϵĻԪָܹҲ˰ɣ
ԭˡ
磬ԪɡԵ
ƾʲôЦ˵ԪǱǧŵģڼ䲻֪жٴ䣬˽죬ڽԲ֮أɾͰ񣬻㣬ὫԪ𣿡
һᡣԵ
ΪʲôϳɾһͿԿԷ˵ļٻ滰ܹоõ˵ĻĻᣬڲƭоóԷֱʹɵ
ΪҵļңҵĸԵ
ңٷϻ˵ҪԪȡɡһ˫۾ųԣ͵عЦ˵
ʣ
ԳˣѾǲὫԪģֻг֣ɱȡԪ齣£н̺бԴԵѾԲʮ
˺ѵأ
һڷ裬Ϣ壬ŨŨɱһӣضһһɿϯ£һĺ죬˵飬ҡ־Դ̬ɱ֡
һʽͨ
أ
һ£нͱ˺ѣ̤ƽԣڡ
ʥལ
ɽ
û˿飬ǱҪɱ磬ȡԪΪ˵ģ½ܹڵʱѾˣòѻںϣ¾޷½ˡ
ͨһ
գ֮ض𶯣һͷһľ磬׳һƴ£ⱬ̫ͬ䣬ﶼڰ֮С
䣡
䣡
䣡
һʽ̫ͨˣ̺˻ڻ֮볽Դսռ˵ݽߣƣҪƥѹƣ÷
ǽ͡
η޾壬ᶨ־ʯһ㲻ɶҡͨǼӳ˻Ҳ޷ҡԵ־
ңҲ˻Ȼûвôǿ󣬵Ҳڲռһƣ⣬ҪɱףοѾͻ˾ڣʵ
㲽ӵ˾ΪԲҲ塣
Ԫ
Աõ
ɱ
ɱ
˶Ǵ𣬷һսͨʩչأһԵŷѩǡ̵˵ǲѡ
ȥһ֮ϻ˵Ҳ˾ڣõ֮ĴУֻҪǰһսǿ˾ڴ£ƾ֮Ҳܹڲ֮ء
Сġ

н֮Уһϻܣڲ󷨣һһ󷨣һӣһ󷨴磬һƾĳصһ󷨱


1271 ½
Ȼδ˲磬ȴȡʱ䣬ᣬȻƽ磬齣ն£ֻؽ
һ£ﶼҪֻء
ɶ񣡡
ޣ̵ֵ
飡
ѾǽڰĴڣʵǿĻȳøǿΪȳԸ߳һ磬ˣߣƾԼʵȻβγԣ
ȴǲ֪ԱõơơֻߵƵĴУвϣʵȻԶ˾ڣǿ֮䣬ֻȲһߡ
ˣҪܳҲޱȼѡ
һ㣬Ҳʮס
ԣҲܹɱ磬ֻҪȡڵĻԪɣֻӼѡ
ʣ
쳹Խǳ纣Ľһɨͬһӿһ£ǳɽӴأﶼҪֻ֮У統һֻص֮ʱ𶯣
꽣
ꡢ顢־齣·Լ棬һӣǿҵ겨ǽ̺˸ȥ͸оԼҪָһʹ֡

һӣ̺Ҫи𿪡
ʥལ
һƮʥһа񡢲пᡢᣬһиɢһ£̱֮ȥƴϳ˻֮ɫα˳ȥ
ݣ
ԵˣǿѹƣҪ귽棬ȲԪΪ֪ʵΨнסԪܹӵ壬ҲֻˣлȡԪ
ɶ񣬳С֪𣿡
ŭ޲ѣŭգð벽Ȼһ˾ڱȵɽˮĵزֱĳ裬Ѫϴৣã㲻ҪԪȡɣ

˵֮䣬̯һλɫĹų֣͵̫һ㡣
ԪԾ
ȡɡЦһ͵̧̧֣ͷһ㣬ˣһɺƴĻͬ籩һϯһ򳽻ԡ
Դһ˵ԪԪ
Ԫռ䣡
Ԫ磡
ʲô
ͻֶòһδ߶Ԫںϣ͸оԼҲǯƣ޷ʩչһʽͨ
ৣ
˲֮ڣ罣һƽ磬е齣һննֱۡ
ã
統ɫ䣬ȻռʱǶݣֻвʮ֮һʱ䣬ڳȴѾ㹻ɱˣ۵һѪĽֻһֱ۱նϣеĻԪҲ֮ɳ
ৣ
̽ԪץУ𣬲˶ϵֱۣһ򳽻ԣصһ߷һ㵹ɳȥѪץеĻԪȴûз£·Ҳһ㡣
ɶɣ
ħһ㣬ɥʬǣҪɱԣԼµĻԪҪ֪֮ĹؼԲȥƽ纣ӿ
¡¡
ض𶯣޷ܡ
ѣֱǳ˱ӵˡǧһ֮ʣһֻɫȭͷմԽʮɿռ䣬һȭ׺˼㣬ɫ䣺񣿡ԭǶɹ˥١
ৣ
־ŭҲµ˼㣬ֻܷɱԣ˳ȥֻбһȭˡ
ȥ
ԣû°ɣ
ߣҲû׷ȥǷסɳĳԣԪָơ
ԣ
ϻáŷѩǡ̵˶һǣҴҶ
û£ǿ½ĻԪҡҡͷ΢Ц̧еλɫ˵
̫ˡذε˶Ǹ˲ѡ

½
һƬƽͣ·ûзһ
侹Ȼƽ֮أվڳ࣬ԳԾ˵ԣı𣿡
ǲȡ߻Ԫ½һеءЦ
ҪһٳΪߵˡЦ
šԵԣͷ
֮
һ˺ܿϵ̸Ӧ˳Ե˵ĵ𾪲ѣϲ⣺ԣǶƽ£á
λǰ뿴ʲôԺЦó˻ԪЦʵ
ǡԪϵ˿λɫţһ죬żֲ϶˵
ҴӲаȡˡԵ
ãúá϶Ǽѣϲ
ذ֣֮ȥ֮ɡԽԪøذε˵
áذεָ֮ļ̳ߣ䵶ΨһһܹûԪ½ںϵˣһʹ½ָٹ⻹Ҫλ֮
ۣ롣һ̣϶

ϵĽǶذεռ䡣
תۣʱȥ
ˣˣ
ͻȻһɹɰ磬غأԭҰƽȵϢ½Ĵ֮ɢԵ˿ĸо½˾޴仯Ѹ
ô£
찡ʲôˣ
䣬ȥ֮λǰ
һ˲½ķ½ĺ֮أ߶һ˲Ϊͻƣ𾪣׷׸֮
ৣ
·ѾϤһ㣬ϳ˲֮Ͽգ½£ָĹ٣Ϊһе硣

ʱ½ͺӭһ㡣


1272 
һУԵ϶¶Цݡ
һ죬ˡ
ˣ
ذεһͻ˾
һж˳£Ϊ½֮½һ壬Ϊ°빦ãеĺô޷
Ȼŷѩǡ桢ҲΪ
Ϊ½ǵԴ磬ҲǴ
һ̣֪ж˴ʦͻƵʦٴʦͻƵ
ͻƣ

һ˲䣬½һжӭ˾޴ĸı䣬ӣ½ΧϿտ½й켣Ҳϱ仯Ŀ£һɺƴӰеλ档
ⶼδֹͣ
½ǷΧе硣
ڳŸߵλ
һ̣½ҪΪߵ硣
ԣûеһŸߵְذεѾ֮˾ڴܣֽţϾκνΪߵе綼һ˲ߵ
ϣ½Ҳ½˵ֱѡ
ԪڣҲ磬Ҫţǽ½Ϊߵʱ˵
˵Ĳңħħӣǵ˼ƴ棬˭һ½ĸߵ硣һ˵һΪߵȷʵһ£Ǳ׼Խ
šذεͷ
½֮Уϡŷ˵˶ѾﰲΪǵõ˾޴ߣ
ŷѩǵ˶ͨڱչȡͻ˾ֻˣǲܹķӳӡǵϾӡǲκΪ߶ʹõġ
ȻҪӡںϣͱҪаΪ
Ϊɹ˥٣ӵԣܹͨ͸ӡǣΪһơ
¡¡
ͬʱΰĵߵλ棬һ˸綼˾춯ص𶯺͹ռ޿ǣΪ½ĵ׼һ㡣
˺ƴĶ壬ħ壬ħע⡣
һд͵սֹͣˡ
ߵ絮
һĻ񶼳һȻ٣ǧвеΪߵ磬ȴûκһе£½ģΪ˿λ棬嶦̫ˡ
ңǶʮɻ񴫳гѾٳ𣬻ʲô˵ð֮踽һߵ磬ⲻ
ৣৣৣৣ
һâһϢƴİϿգ۶£ͬƻһ㣬ڲ鿴һеΪߵ磿
ֻɻˣǴδڲ磬ʶ˴ѰʣȻȴûκһλϽ֮£ΥеΪߵ磿
ʲôˣ
ʲô˸ô
ˣ
ǿնˣһɹԭʼϢаأĪ𣬷·ӭĵ
ˣ񶼲ݡ
һ̣壬ħ壬ħֹͣ˱꣬۲硣
Щûг֡
ĹأκһΪߵ綼ӭ𣬵һʮΪһλ¶ûκһҲ˵һδ֪硣
һδеλֹΪߵ磡
һۣһ׶Դ⡣
֮治УͨĴظ˾Ҳ֡
ֻǣҪ˾˭

һ嫣貵ĹŲȽǳһеλߵλ֮ĸĤ˵һһ˸羹Ȼ⵽˼ѹ˷ȥ·Ҫδ֪ʱóռһ
һˣһ׶ɡ
Ҫ֪һ磬ڸߵλ˲֪꣬ͬڣûκһܹţǳڽգǾȻΪһĸߵãֱ޷
һʲô磿
һ׶ɲ
ǣħ׺ħҲǰйעⳡ춯ص龰
ˣ
ģһǵĿУɢһɰ磬

ͻȻһλ׾̺֮ĻȻ˴⣿ʮϣѾ˸ߵķ롣
ˣ⾿ʲô磬Ȼ̺ǿĻ
ʮֿ£ǵеλĻ֮أ֮⣬ÿһĺģҲɻɣֻȡδһմϣ룬ȫʧֻ벻ףΪ̺޾Ļ
ΣĳֶѾ˸ߵλƽ⣬뽫𡣡
һڵۣҲһЩҪٵĸߵ磬Ҫȡνƽ⣬ֻһڶѡ
ৣ
һ˲䣬ͼߵλϿգһǿӰЯ취壬ͬƽһ㣬ƽ硣
½
ʱϿվͳĸ֡
ˣ׶һ㶡
һ˵ף½Һ˵һǰһе磬⵽ħ֣ѾΪνջ
һʱ䣬Ѿһλ޵ĸ콾ɳΪһܣƿشȨǰǳħеλս߾ûмҲ˵Ȼ½Ҳİ
ֻǽճ˸ߵλ棬ɻ
ৣ
ͬʱԪ̩Ҳע⵽ĸߵ磬½Ǿһ㶣̩񶨾һʱо˼ޱϤϢ̩Ȼԣ


1273 û·
ʲô
Ԫһڳ϶ʱһ
ɱ
ˮλ̫ϳϣɱӿ֣ͬһӿȫϢס½ˣˣʱԺ˾͸оһǿѹֻ̱½𿪡
ʲô
ˮʱɫ䣬̩Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ô£
½֮ϣԡذεͨϡŷˡŷѩǵ˶йעһУߵλ棬һףо̩˵ɫ䣬˭֪ȴ½𿪣ǳһ
½
ʱذε˵ˣ½һе磬ݻ٣ݣ꣬ͬһƶӵǿʵ
ʲô
Ե˶ǳһȴذεЦⶼ֮ҵģ½ףܹΪһ壬ʹ½ӵпȰ˰ʵ
á
һ⻰Ժһϲ½ոսֻһ˰񣬳ҲֻǿܹһսѣҪǿУذεܹס½ȰҲһ
Ļֻܶ׼

ڴʱһɹɺƴ½̩ȶˣͬƽ٣ƻֺ꣬˵λ֮ǰѾݵĴ½Ϊߵ磬Ѿƽ⣬Աڽ齫𡣡
䣡
һ춯صıը̩Ѿˮˡ
ߣ½Ȼӻ֮临һٳΪߵ磬ѹҵһ磬һΣѵ֪𣿡
żȻץסǡ
Σ½
׾޴Ƕ½ܹһٳΪߵ綼ɻͻɣҪ֪еĹؼԣһʱ䲻ٰ׶֣вٵõƴߣʵǿ󣬶һ
ˣԵɫ䣬ĻҪ࣬ʱһЦСڳˡ

ǽ콣֮½ལ֣ܳĿкɱ⡣
ԣҲнա
ޣҲˣϵĽϢԽǿ󣬺ȻѾɾ˾ڣڵʱ䱾ԴҲǺ嫣޷⡣
ԣ˱ĻԪ뵽գҲˣһ˲ԵжѾˣ޵УһܻƣףɫͫųԣһƬĮӡ
˻֮أԾ
Ѿɹ˥٣ǰ񡣡緢
˻ȥԶŷѩ˵
Сġŷѩ˶˻ز֪֮ǵʵ˳ԣΪۣҪľǿʵںƴ
½Ϊߵ磬һ֮ϣΧ֮㣬޿󣬾ǰҪԽҲǶʱܹġ
˷һ֮У΢죬û뵽ոճֵ½ȻӵôĳУǽû뵽ҲһҪ½Ҫ֪֮½ڸߵλҲżߵ
һٰ֣Ҳˡ
ʮ׶½֣Ҳ˵ʮҪԸ½лвٵİܣڴܣߣǲɼ

һ½˵һԵѡ
á
ˣҲɫһ䣬û뵽Ȼ˶Ҫ½
һԣԺذεأȻѾϵһû뵽ҪԵ龰ҪʮٱǧһΣ½ܹɹԡ
ܽˣǶѾû·һս
ৣ
ذεȳˣ䵶һ̾ȻѾΪʥѩӳ˰½֮ϣ½ףһ̣׵壬֮ںϣչֳ˰֮
䣬һն£ն·Ҫնϡ

Ҳڿն𣬻ӶɨķйĪ֮
飡
һ˲䣬̩硢޵˱ƽ½ߴ˷½Ͽն𶯣춯أһ㣬ҲǺ
ɱ
̩硢޵˶ԳԶűɱ֮ġ
̩ΪҪƴУҪɱ
Ҳͬˡ
ΪȡĻԪ޷ɾͰ֮жڣɱ
Ϊ볽Զľɱ뱻׷ɱһҪɱԣᣬȻŹ
¡¡¡¡
ߵλ棬ʮĿһս춯أأضݣ汯䣬޹⣬˻֮Уڰ֮У֮Уֱһѡ
ѣ
½˵ѡ
ʣ
ͬ٣ݺᣬ׷ף춯صĽ쳹񾪶һнҪһ֮³
ô£
Ͷ޶˶Ǵһɫ΢䣬򳽻ԣǾĪǷ·оԼ˽һеıʹˣҪĤݣǳԾ֮Уӡǵ
һ̣֮䣬·ֻгһλˡ
ÿ
ʱ̤Ͽգȣ˻֮أͶ޶˱ԵĽѹƣǰλƣ£Ī⣬ؽԾһƬն֮С
ӡǣ
ӡǣ
ֻӡǣ
ӡǣ
ӡǣ
һ̣ӡǺ󿰱ӡǵԳڴֻۣأһﲻ࣬˳ȫ۷һĴ硣


1274 
أ
ػɽʧɫͳԶ˵Ӱͬʱɳȥ
Ҳһ˲ޡ̩ľǿƥĴ½ȴ⵽ذε˵ǿֻԵʮ׺ʮǿ֧š
˿µĴս½֮ϣ⵽˻ԵĴߺ޸֮ȥ
һɱ¾½չ
½ѪɫģҲѪѪģذʬҰԭƽ½⵽ǰδеѡ
һ̣񷶼·ʧɫˡ
飡
ԺͲսͨʩչҲֲֻܱ̬Ҫ˲̫ˣϾѾ֮Ϊһ壬ɾͰʵɲ⣬Գ˾ڵΪҪֱڵ졣
޷ֵ
ߵλ棬˷ʮأ׶һĮӵעһĻûг֣Ҳûֹ˼·У½Ӧûһ㡣
ʵҲˣ޾ߵλ涼ֻһ˸磬һ˸ҪΪһŸ綼Ѿ½Ҳ⣬οһһ֮ϵĴڣǲܴڡ
½·ע
ذεѪսǲ硢ޡ̩˼ʮĶ֣ͬĭһڣأ˶ɳȥˡ
½ذ衣
ҽ޺˻ŭָһ𣬾ͬһһ㡣
һ̣½ڿ

硢ޡ̩һҪɱԣҵĺ顣
飡
һ죬ͬףԾͬ߷һ㵹˳ȥѪͬѪ߳һ
ԣҲн죡
С˭Ȳ㡣
ԣû뵽ҵϰɣ
硢̩˹Ц˵ĳ졣
ԣ
ذε˴
ֻ֮ϣҲضѪȾˡ
ɱ
ޡ硢̩𣬴򳽻ԣҪɱ

ŷѩǡ̵˾
ʣ
齣ͷӡдڲ˵֮£Ʋһ˿˻˥˵ϡ
ˡ
ǧһ֮ʣһϼͻȻӶ߲ͬʹ䣬һζϼͬһסԣ֮һɫӰ˳޴ޣŭʲôˣ
硢̩Ҳǳһû뵽ʱ򣬻˾ȳԡ
˭
һŮӣһµŮӡ
Ůӣһ㶣˵壬㣿ôţŮӾȻԼеĵһŮˣ壡
½ûҵû뵽Լʱ̳ˡ
û°ɣԭģףչϢһƽ֮Уߵߣһ̷·ضƽƽûɱ¾ͷܹоһŨϢ
ץסԼ󣬶ʱһɺƴӿԼ壬壬ָ
ôԿǰļˣ˵ҹ㣬һֱҲ㡣
֪΢㣬ϸһ㣬֮ҵļѾˣҲò뿪㡣
䣿Ե
ǰŮ񡣡˵
ʲôԴһ˵ԭˡ
šͷ
Ů񣿡
ߵλ棬һλףȴΪ仰ˣǲţǰŮӾȻŮת񣬲ǶѾôתأҲв˰⻰
Ƕǻƴеˡ
Ĺ֮У񴫳м࣬ȱŮĴУһеԭڣŮδ䣬תˡ
ǰŮӣŮ
硢ޡ̩Ҳǵһ鶼һ˵Ůڴ˺ðŮ񣬽ձھʹͷ㣬ܾĥ
ԣɱ̩˵
ߣ
һŮӾðҿǻòͷˣɱ̽˵
ˣû뵽˾ȻƤ˹֮ߵڰףһһģֱǻαӣȴûаȥ⻰ΪǵļѾһС
Σ
ǶƴУʱҲԳΪơ
οǰŮֻת֮Ҳһֻһͨǿ˵
һĿأǳ

գ硢ޡ̩ҪɱһŮ
ɱ
һ𣬲ɱ塣
޳ܡ
һһ֮ӣˡ
סǣ
һ˲ذεҲˡ
ৣ
ֻû뵽һ̣δֵļ֮оȻм˳ˡ
ҲҪ
أ
һ춯صľ죬֮ӱ΢嵹
Сġ
˵һһӣ齣֣ӡֱͨӴ˳ȥ׵̴ͨͨϣȻͨһʥҲ޷ֹô׵Ĺ
飡һ˲䣬ӡͨ͵˻ȥ
ৣ
Ҳסһʱ䣬ôָټںϲ˲ָʵִ齣ɱ˳ȥ岢սɾһڡ
飡
ֻǣʮףʮ񣬳˸Ƕ֣ȫ˳ȥۣȫѪ


1275 ˴ӡ
ɱǣ
ޡ˴
ݣ
ڴʱһƥĳìٶ硣
˳ì֮£춼·ڰ
֮ìʥ
硢̩˶һֻ÷ɱԣֵ֮ì

һֻ̣Ӱ߳Ȼʥħɭ
ʥȻ㣿ʥɫ˵ڲ飬ħҲҲ֣Īħ֮Ĵս𣿡
ʲôʱܹˣʥ˵ѵ˵Ϊ干˼
㡭Ѫˣô뷨һЩûһ˵Ҫɱԣħ岻֣ܲʥȥ
ҲȥأŨҺΣʥ˫֣ʵ
Ǿ̩ˣλħħϹᣬһҪ壬ǱŽһһ¶⣬ħϳ硣⻰Ȼ˵Ĺûʣʵ̩һжΪ˳ϵƴС
ɱʥԣɵϾʥħպһĴڣ˵壬ħ壬ħ֮һΪڼ̩˶վ˳ҲЯ˵
ããܺãԼǱʥδˣһĽɫҲҶԱʥСˣֱǲ֪ձʥʹɱ䡣ʥۣѪɫ·ڷлӶޱȵı䣬·ǴӾ֮дһ
ৣ
ˣѣһǾ춯أɫ䣬ܹ޷ֵĸ
ˣ
̩˶ʥ棬ޡ˾͸˵ˡ
˭뱾ʥһսʥ죬ֱ𶯣Цףͬһ৶ͷϿնļ
ˣ̩˶ɫһ
ΪʥԣУһҪɱɫ˵󷽣зߺ޵
λ棬ʮͬһ㴣֮УĬȻվעʥԲ
ôѵû𣿡ʥЦʵ
ռƽ޲ûзֺ
ʱʥȻɫһ䣬һ˫նϷϿգֻħ죬󺣰ϯǧ¡¡𶯣һݹϵս֣ɾƥ
ϷˣȻħ޷졢޵ڤ
ʥӱҪˡ޷һϮۣڷħΰĿռ䣬ԽһУʥĿһһֵ˵
ߣ޷죬ǰҶһսδʤռһսɡʥĿƵ
ৣ
޷첻ȴǶˣͬһɫ磬նһһħӿ嫵ΰԾʥʥҲ壬֮ìһӣʹ˳ȥ
ã
ˣ̾һʥ޷£˾ûֹǻɱˣ硢̩˶˿Ȼͬǰ񣬵Ҳʥ

ͬʱħɭ߽ԣɲΪһ塣
ˣ
һɺƴϢ
ʲô
һĻ׳һ̩ҲһǶû뵽ħ콾ɭȻ볽һ壬Ӧ˵ɭֻǳԵһ߷
ǺЦħ콾Ȼߵһ߷
⳽СӹȻȻ˴˵ȷҲ޷
ǳԤϣӲܹһûΪߵĴڣϵܣҲԽԽȤˡ
һٶ׶Ϣ˳ԵϣҪϵܡ
ɭȻķɶ񡣡˫۶ʹޣ򳽻ԵĿ⣬µҪһҾȻһ߷ѹƣɶʵڿɶ񣬴˳𲻱ҶĲΪˡ
ͺһ޾͹˵λǰ֣Ͼкܣ
ã´ӡ
硢̩ʮ׳ˣһץ򳽻ԡ
ৣ
ħΪһ壬վϢħϢڣһһͬڰ׹һ㣬ڽ˳ֵһ˲Զˣе齣Ӷһ㡣
¡¡
һǿƥĽϯأһ˲䣬˶ʮȥ
˾ڣ
硢̩˶һǶ˫ĿѪ죬ͬҰһ㣬ܣôôͻ˾ڣ
ã
ذε˶Ǵкã׵ҲǳųһЦ
ɣһ̣ƻֺ꣬򽣻ۣնһУΪħɭΪһ壬̾ͻ˾ڣࡢֻۣʵﵽ˰֮
Ÿոͻ˾ڣԶ˥٣ɾͰ֮ɨķ
ӡǣ
ӡǣ
ֻӡǣ
ڰӡǣ
ӡǣ
ӡǣ
ӡǣ
ӡǣ
ڳԵľ֮УȻ˰˵ӡǣֻһӡǣͿ۾ŵӡǣɾ֮
һӡѾ޷ԣϾÿһӡǶǸߵȴڣǿ쳣ҪƽʮּѣοڳУһֱҪҵһޣ
Ψˣĸ͡
ֻ̫ˣϾӰûмˡ
ˣԵʵҲ쳣ɲܹ벽硢̩֮еκһ棬ǽĻѾɹɱ˶ޡ
ȻҲö񵨲ٹԣ㵽һ


1276 ս޷
ৣৣৣ
ˣԽԽİ׶ԳԳˡ
Ƕǻ֮ͨѾ˳ԵĲ֮ԶҪס
ʮף˽ڽڰˡ
أ
ֻ˱ķƷ˳ȥ
һԣʥҪ־ȴǱ޷ס˵λ֣Դ¡
ã
޵ڤվսϣޣĬȻͷҲδ˾Ѿƽԣһһץ򳽻ԣƴ׶Ӳӣֻܱá
֮ţ
ʥ˴һ֮ìһӣ޷죬˫չĻѹ죬ͬ٣һ޴Ŀն֣ͬˮһϯֻһǿޱȵʥ֣ս󹥻
Щﶼֻ˾ڴڣδﵽ֮ȻͨʥҲ޷ħɭһٻͬȴڵˣ޾˾Ҳʮֿ¡
֣
һ˲ʮ׳ˣϽ°ֱܳƽԡ
һϰƽˡ

⸱龰ֱ޷ŷѩɫ䡣
ˣ
Ҳɫһ䣬齣ӡֵͨ׵Ĺɵıˮнһأԡذε˶ɳȥѪ
ǶħҪˡ
޵ڤſڶץ򳽻ԡ
룡
ҲץסԣϤϵܣ޵ڤֹ֣ȴΪӮһ˿ʱ䣬Ҳֻһ˿ѣڰ˵΢

޵ڤŭһӣһɫƮֻϿճһħס
λ֣
ˣ׶ɫ䣬׳ֵ֣ħܣǶû뵽ħȻ˶İܣҶȻͼСһеĸԴڳϡ
ץס
׶Ҫץסԣ伫ĶԳԳ֡
أ
⵽ʮλ׵ĹˣѪѹסˣذε˶ǰħͣٵ֡
⳽ϾʲôһԶݺݵţ޲ɱԶ졣
ʥ޷סս¡
ʥȥɣαΪһС뱾࿹޷˵
ΪҪץʥ
Ѿ֪ˣ޷ûлش𣬶˵һͷԵĻ
Ȼɭֻķȴδ񡣡ʥ
δ񣿡޷¶˾֮ɫʥɻʵѵָĲ
Ȼǡ޷Ц㲻֪Ҳá
ʥһ˳һۣɵǹ
Ǻǣ޷һЦȴû˵һһеǿͨʩչȻѹʥơ
Ȼ޷û˵ʥԽĿ϶ˣصܣйأˣԽĿ϶ԵķδҪӳԡ
ৣ
֮ìʥ˶ת߶ֹ֮޵ڤ
ס
ħİ񲻽ҪףҪֹʥ
䣡
ʥʥ߶֮źִ޴ĺͫϿգʮ﷽Բ֮ڱ˴գأһεڵˮ£ʱ춼·𱻴ˡ
ߣ
ʥһٻ֮ì֮Ŵ߶˳ȥħİ
ߣ
Դͨƶȥذε˽ں
ԣߵ𣿡
޷˵û뵽ʮǰ㣬һʦȻܹڽճɾΪʵһжԭģڱѾ֪ԭ򣬰ɡ
˵ʲôԵ
޷촽΢һڳԶǴЦ⣬˵𡣡
ৣ
ԣƤһһԼеܣվ޷Ϥˡ
޷Լֵˣ˵ǿԼߵգǻۣ㲻˵ҲƶϳȻˣҲϣ˫齣˳ȥͬ򽭱
ħޱߣ
޷ڣӰƱһɺΧƣ޷ϤĴڣҲδ˿һΰϯնħޱ޼ʣ԰ؽΪħ
ﶼ𣬽ֻأòࡣһιϵִӳԿ³һַ֣е齣Ӷ⡢ġͬˮһӿޱħ
¡¡
ײض·ž֮У޷Ŀһ˵벻ͻ˾֮ʵȻô࣬ܺãħˣˣһ̺ϯ
ɣ
֮£һжʥࡢߴɻħ
ħ
ħ
ħ
һ޴Ĺħֳ򳽻ԣҪľ磬Ե־ᶨʯһ㲻ɶҡ̺ķնһС
ңľ֮Уӡǡӡǡֻӡǡڰӡǡӡǡӡǡֻӡǡӡػķ޷ħ޷һһħ֣
¡¡
ֻ޷𶯣ͬɽһ㣬ϲɴȣӿµľꡢ۳һӴޱȵħǧֻ֣ݺݵץ򳽻Եľ硣


1277 δĽ
ͣ
֮£Եľ类˺ˣ޷쿴˳ԾһС
ʲô
ƽ򶨣ȻѾˣȡ֮Լ𺧣޷һ߾ȻͬʱôƴУһⶼǸߵƵĴУ˼顣
һӡ֮󣬶ʧˡ
⡭ǡӡǣ޷𲻿ɶֹ𺧣;񶼾˫ۿųԣ·Ӳסˣ˵ôܣϲûнôӵнӡǣ

˻һ˵꣬͵ؿ򳽻ԣϾδ˵֪ˣ֪ˣδĽ񣬹Žһλ찡δĽ񣿡һ仰޷켸˻ġ

һ˲䣬ûһһ׿򳽻ԡħ򳽻ԣħ޵ڤ߿򳽻ԡ
޿򳽻ԣ翴򳽻ԣ̩򳽻ԣҲ⣬Ҳ򳽻ԡ
һ⣬ǵ϶¶֮ɫ
ֻ޷һ仰
δĽ
ôܣ
Ͷ޶˶ǲţǰ߶ԳԳ˵޷죬˵ʲôСδĽڸǴҽЦ𣿡Ҫ֪磬λ棬׶֪һ͡
ȻпܳΪҲֻ޷쾹Ȼ˵δĽȻһˡ
޷ǰڸҿЦɣӽӲƬ̣ǿЦ˵˳ΪԼĻ˵ģ֮෴Ϊ޷ܵġ
޷죬ں˵ʲô콫Сץס޵˵
δĽ񣿿ЦδɾͰСһ𣿡ڤҲЦȻǲ޷˵Ļ
ЩҲһЦǰһδɹ˥ٵСӣôܻΪ
δĽ񣿡
ʥ򳽻ԣɫЩţ漴𳽻пмˣͷ𾪲ѣδҲͰˣû뵽Ȼǹһλ
ã
̾һ˵ԣİŮת޷˵δĽҲ֡
ԾδĽܹо浮һһλ񡣡˵
ʲô
һ£һ˿仯ϾѾڻݣǷŮתֻǧٷ֮һĻʣ˵ĻҲôһ˿ϣ档
ѵδĽ񲻳ɣ
塢ħ塢ħ壬ͷǲţҲ롣
δĽΣλǰƴУҲҪξһ񣿺οڻһ˥ٶδɹˡʱ˵ˣһѪָ˳Ե״
ǰǰСδΣõƴУҲδƣͬʱƣ˭˭οֻһ߶ѡ
ɱ
ͷĲֹһףת޵Ů嶼ҪնɱοһδĽ
ɱ
ûκεԥ׶ԳԶˡ
ˣ
ʥǰ֮ì֮볽ԡذε˳ȥ
ס
޷졢޵ڤ·ѾϤһ㣬һӣħֹ֣ʥ޷ϳ֣ץ򳽻ԡ
ԣӲˡ޹Ц
̩Ҳɱԣ޷֣һʱǰʮ׶ԳԳ֣Ҫ޷᳽ԣҲˮ㣬Ҫ£ɱԡ
ৣ
Ȼֻ˾Ϊʱ̫ǿ󣬳ԽʱͿռǰͬһʵֻȰһ㣬ҵҲȻԳԳ֣Ҫһɱ
أ
޷סˣ⵽׵ػذεշѾɱˣϾһʽͨͬСɣԻһС硣
飡
ʥҲãħ񹥻һػѪ
ʥ
Դ齣ն˳ȥ

̩˶Цץסṥԡ
Сģ
ʥذε塢˶
ۣ
ѾˣԱ̩һһƴУѪ磬絾һ㱻׷ɳȥ
ԣ˭ҲȲ㡣ϣ裬״ħͨԣ֮ͬǧܽ֯۳ǧɭܲӳԣ縩顣
δ䣬Ĺâ£ɲɢ۶ɢͬһ˿ֲһ죬ֱ򳽻Եš
ԣ֮ȡ
̩ҰĲҪռݳԵƴУƽȥҲںȫâɣԶ۾ͬһ̫תķҫ磬ɲķ֮һ£㲻ɵ
Сӣסǽ֮޷˵δĽжԳԵɱʤ˲е񽣻۽⣬һ㲨׳ɣ϶򳽻ԣҪ롣
ԣɣ
ΪΪˣΪ˷ܵɵĶˣͬһԳԳ˺⣬ɺѾĹ裬޷ı䣬һҪɱԣڵˣѷ갡
һ£籼ףǧ۳֮ռ䣬򳽻ԡ
Ҳʮ׶ԳԳ֡
ʥذεҪԮס޷ֺ
Է·
Ȼڴʱһ˳ˣˣԶû뵽˻־Լ


1278 
޷죡
˾޷
䣡
һ£ħ죬ǧجֹ˲˶ԳԵɱС
ʲô
˶Ǵһ޸Ƿŭ֪Լ޷Ķֻ֣ѹеķŭʵ޷ǰ֪ʲô˼Ϊֹɱԣ
ٺ٣Ѿ˵ˣԲڲ޷Ц˷ֱ治뷨һץסԣ৵һ£˳ȥ޵ڤǰ˵ߣ
¡¡
ħÿ죬ȡҲ죬ʱʧ硣
⡭
ˣ׶Ǿɲ
ô죿
ذε塢ʥ˶û뵽޷ûɱԣǽߣĿغڣ

һƬޱ磬ûйǺڰһɭϣ׳ɣ޽ΰĺɫôƬڰ֮С
ܣһʮɸߴħɭϽ䱸
⣡
λ棬ħλ治ͬһ磬ħס
ĵһ֮У
ħȨģ޷죬޵ڤգħ巢ĵط
ģվһˡ
ԣ
ϣһɺɵ÷ֺ
ʼɣ
޷졢޵ڤռĿͬʱڳԵϣѵһһ޴ĺɫ󶦳룬оɸߴ󣬱滭ħ֡

޷־ͽͶ˺ڶ֮С
ԲܶʶڣоԼһޱߺڰ֮У̾гȻɫĻȼˣˣһĺ֮Уһһ׶ɫâɢ


޷졢޵ڤڶĿⶴƼڰ׶ɫâϾ¶ޱ𾪵ڤʧӹȻӵҲһ
찡Ȼӵ޹ֺܹ˶̵ʱ˾磬սҲǿֲ޵
ࡢ𣬺ܺãϧû֮Ϊص޷â˸˷ܣ֪Լһƶ϶ȷģ֮ࡢǰֿɵá
ãڿʼѲࡢȡ޵˷˵
šڤҲͷ
ʼ޷
¡¡
һ̣ħ޷졢޵ڤͬʱ֣ħ֮ϯ۳̬ڶ֮УԵڣʱԴһͷʹ֡
ָ̬볽Ե壬߽ǣࡢ壬
ָоʹ·ʮ˲һ㡣
סҪס
ͷϵź𣬳ĿƥĽ־꣬񣬻۷סСڰֻءࡢ𡢽Ȱ˴ӡǣγһ޴Ĺ⻷һ
ôƴУ
޷Ѿ֪˳Իƴе飬޵ڤв֪飬һ̴󾪣ʹΪħĴҲ޷һ߾Ȼܹͬʱ˶
ֱ޷
ʵǰɲǲš
ӡǣӹȻпܳΪŽһλ񡣡޵𾪵
ϧձڴ˱ɻҽڤ
ࡢԼ󴫳ȡ̻޷飬֮Ӳо³ԣһжΪ˲ࡢԼƴУڳԵ⡣
ֻǣڿ֧š
޷Ϊ̫߳ˣ־ᶨηҲ֧Ų˶೤ʱ䡣
ۣ
ֻԵ忪ʼЦݣѪ趼ֻʣһͷ­ͷ­ģķΧ˴ۣɢָϢ̬һ㡣
ã
ˣ޷𶼸ޱȡ

֮УžһƬڰ޷һħڴʱӰϢĽ˴֮Уͬһ㣬޷ûв
ֱ˼飬Ҫ֪޷һĴڣʲôĶܻϤ
߾˭
һжԵأӰ˴֮УǶˣȣӣͻֱ޵
ʲôˣ
ӰһϢɢ޷졢ڤ޵̲ˡ
ֻѾˡ
޵ųԼǰӰʧɫҪܣѾˡ
أ
Ӱͬʱ֣֮͵Ϯ޵ƣħɢѪҲɳȥһ˲ʧȥս

ʱӰҲԳǵģһɫԭʼۣ滭һɫʥһˣһڴʥ湴ȡʲô
ã
޷졢ڤһû뵽磬һɱֹãڵ֮УܹȱµˣǵˣĦޡڤɱ֮еߡ
ڤȡ
ħȴһ仰Ҳ˵ֱӶԺɫ󶦳֣Ҫȡ
ħޣǵҪ⵽ħĻ𣿡ڤ
ǶҲʧ޷Ȼ䣬˫Ŀ֮еѾ˿̵飬һӣħϯգɫˡ
Ħޡɱ֮ˣǽס޷ڤһɱ֮ڤ޵˵£ɫȡ˵ߣ
ৣ
Ħޡ䡢ڤɱ֮ڤŭ𣺡סǡ


1279 ֮
أأ
δ䣬һǿħѾɱĦɱ֮õͳߣ񶼿Դɱʵǲض˵ǰЩѰֻбɱĽ֡
¡¡
ʱͻȻ𶯣ֻһʥսˡ
ս
찡߾Ȼħ壿
٣ǧ˵ֱδš
̫˼ˣ

սĶϰ𣬻в˾ڴܣͬһħ塣
Χ׷½صĦ˼ˣǴϲû뵽Ȼ˻ᣬӳ
οħܣҲ˲ٵõɱ֡
Ħɱ֮ԵĴ뿪ˡ
ɶ񣡡
һ̣޷졢ڤŭȴ޷ֹΪѾɱһɱ¾ϯħ塣
һ֪ء
һС磬˵һ磬δЩţΪ̫Сˣֻ½ôԶԶȥһڵ㣬磬Ĳۣã
ȴ߶ŷɥģһɱ֯õĺڵء
óΪ֮磡
ɱ֣
һ֮ɫĴʻ㣬ڵ֮磬ȴһƬƽͣûһвӵϢ
ŵĵüֱǴྶͥ
֮ĽѾǵһˣֻû뵽ԼȻһ岻٣ʶڣܹоһС
·һԴһ㡣
ڵ֮ģһǾŲ㣬㣬֮˵
ڣÿһ㶼䡣
棬һǿϢ
ȻҲһǿҲ겻ֱգǴħ߳ԣǻڶʳΪԵǳɹˡ
Ħޡڤ˽㡣
ݼλˡ
һһƬڣһɫӰܣʮ֮࣬ǵŷɥʮɱܹɱĴڣһϮۣǵģ

Ħ޴һѵһɫ󶦳룬ɢһħ֮
޷ӣȡڵƴУѾеһܺãǼһͿȫ𣬴Ĵˡڤͫ˸ӨӨĹâ¶һĨ䡣
ӱħᣬϵƴһͬСɡ˵
ħҳһţǽĺûᣬλһ֡Ħ˵
áڤ˶ͷռݴķʮɱҲ֣ĦһٽȡڵƴС
ڡ
ֻһɫͷ­˸ӡǻͷ­ڲռݰ˷ػͷ­һƬ֮ء
ˣ
ԸܵĦ޵˴ǿн֮Уͣͷ­֮У־꣬˲ܹȡ󴫳С
˸ӣΪ˾ΪΪӵвࡢֻأĴˣѾˣҲΪˣĦ޵һֱС
쵽ֻʣһ˿ʶǼӴ
Ҳͷ­ڵİ˴ӡˡ
ԭˣԭˡĦ޲ס˵϶𾪣Ȼ˵ΪħߴӣΪ岻ϧ󶯸ɸ괳ħ壬һжΪӵ󴫳С
ףӡʲôڤɻʵ
һ⻰Ħ޺䶼ϸ鿴Եľ磬һһƽͣһײУɱ֮һ˵ӡǣǽӡǡ
ⲻǽӡǣǽӡǡĦ𾪵
ӡǣôܣڤ˶һŵĿųԵľ磬ǲţ֮侹Ȼнӡǣ䲻ûн
Լģڤɲ
ʲô𾪣ʧڤ㲻ڿЦɣԼô۳ӡǣѵǽ񲻳ɣ
񣿲ǣδĽ磬һλ񡣡Ħ𾪣һֵ˵
δĽ񣿡ڤˣ˵
֮ڤ˵ʲô
֣ҾȻһ㶼۲첻ࡢü˵
ѵǡĦɱ֮֮Ī⣬ǻ۵ˣһɣɲȷ˵
ⲻܣһ£ڤ˶ʧţĦȴʮֿ϶˵ˣħ嶼ҪץסӣĿز󴫳Уϵ
⡭ڤȻΪţȴˣĻΪҶħ巨
ǲٲ²ˣʶٵȡһжˡĦ˵飬ԵУֵһᣬһ仰Ѿ˳Եˡ
ڤΪȻ
һֹƴ˴֮Уô󶦺¡죬׽£¾
ˣ
ڳԵľ磬סСڰֻءࡢ𡢽˴ӡػ˷ֵָ߽񣬼ᶨƣ˷ֺɱ֮ǽ޷Ĵڣʮɱ
أ
ӡǱû˳Եľ֮С
ۣ
ӡҲơ
һ㣬ڰӡҲ߽⣬ʧȥ
ֻءࡢ𡢽Ĵӡȴʯǽӡǣɢҡη޾ϢòࡢֻءӡǶմ˽־
ڽ𣬽նֻ̤ܿܿأòࡣһ̣Է·У𡢽ֻءȻڽӡǵǣ֮£ߵһ𣬵һ棬֮дδ
вࡢֻءĴϢ־·ԣ˸ߴʥζ


1280 ɱ
ǡ
ˣĦޣڤǾɣĦ޸˵츳Բܸʱ䣬λ֣
ǣ
ʮɱӦĦޡڤںһ𣬷ȣһ㲨׳СĸоӿԵľ磬Ҫ֮δֵ
䣡
ÿһκͬױը־ҡɢٴξۼ
󣬲ࡢֻءĴӡС˷ΧػԵʶ
Ϊʶһ𣬳Ծͽʧ硣
ʣ
߿ԽĽڳԵľ쳹·ǳ˾Ӱ쵽ĦޡڤԼʮɱľꡣ
ӾȻǿ
Ħޡڤɫһ䣬Ħɫ˵ػɱ𷨣
ǣ
һ̣ڤأʮɱһԲ
ˣˣ
һ̣Ħ޵һ֣ϴһӡǣɢɫɫͷ׵Ĺԣһ֮ڣڽһ˲տտĹԶ˺ɫ볽Եľ硣
ã֮ػɱ𷨣
һʽרĴɱӳ־Ƿأֻ⵽ɱʧ硣
ֻǣˣǽޣ
η޾壡
ң
ᶨ
ֻнûء
ҪޣôеĽضҪնȥ
һ볽Եľ磬⵽ԽӡΪ׵Ĵơ
һ̣·𽣵ӡѾڲࡢֻ֮ϡ
ͬʱԸо˽ӡԽԼ־Լ鶼ԽԽǿ̺˴Ľ


η
Ϣںɫ֮ƣڣԣ߲ʻֺ꣬úɫ󶦲Ϻ죬Եͷ­ڣĴԽ籦ʯӨ͸ɢʥ࣬嫵ɫʡ
ڻˣ
Ħޡڤɱ֮о˶ڵΣǴϲӴ
ȴ֪ڳԵľȻڷ˾춯صı仯ֱ仯ǳԼ޷Ԥϵġ
ںϣ
Ħɱ֮֮£ֻءࡢ𡢽Ĵںϣһ塣
һĸо޷
ˣˣ
ڳԵľ磬ȣ߶󺣣Ǻһ嫡
һжڱ仯
޾Ѫһ㣬εεںһγɳµ壬ǣȼգѪڣͬһ㣬Ҳ糽ԵĻֻءǽ
Եƣ֫ٺѪǶɢһĹâ֮

һ̣Եǿ
ļȴ罣͸©һɽķâˣÿһҲˣһĹ
ǣ
ǽǣ
ϣ绪ĸޣܹӵеĽǣ
һ̣Բĸޡ

ʱڣӡһΪһ볽Ե壬֫ٺһʱһɺƴĽ𣬳Եﵽһ£ȻԽʣ־Ҳɶҡ
ˡ
ȶһɺƴϢӿɫѵ죬ͬ׻С
ڣ
Ҳһ̣ͻڡ
ô£
磬Ħɱ֮һɲѵʲô
ܣƾ˵СܹƳʲôɫɭȻ
ǼӴڤ˵
¡¡
ʱڤһ˵ɫ󶦺Ȼգ޾⼤գĦɱ֮Լʮɱ󾪣æֵأأѵһɫ󶦷ɳá
ã
ס
Ħޡڤɫһ䣬дϳ֣ʮɱҲӵֺ飬ɱϣúɫ죬ҡΡ
ݣݣ
Ȼһɽ̶˷ȥ
ӾȻûĦɫݵ
ʲôڤһ˫۶¶ŨŨɱ˵ʮɱ̳֣´ӡ
ʮɱǰܣȻȲðףҲֻһ֮ѣһ֣Ǿ춯أȣױȣ¾ף彭ӣ֮綼·𱻴֧ˣġ
ĦޡڤɫռǣϴӡǣȻʩչĳָĪĴͨ
ʮɱʩչɱУֹɫ󶦳ȥ
ƣ
ںɫ֮УԽ壬ٳ·סСڰࡢֻء˴ӡػھ˷һһ뷢
أ
һ죬ʮɱ忪
ʲô
ʮɱʧɫû뵽ʮ־ȻҲסԡ
ȴǲ֪Ϊͻڣսϰ˴ӡǣѾȰףƾǵȻ޷ֹֻǣԼɵĦɱ֮ϾҲǰ׼Ĵڡ
ԣ뿪ȡնɹ˥٣ʱ򣬿һˡ
ˣˣˣ
ʱ𣬲񷶼·𱻳ˣһγһǷģԺȻȦУһɼǿѹ˺ɫ֮У¡죬ɽ
ɫ󶦲ħ׳֣Ȼûзֺѵļ
ʣһ
һԽͨ
ؼ
Ħޡڤһۣͬʱͷɢ飬䵽ɫ֮ϣ¡Ͽգһ޾£ֱӺ˺ɫϣͬʱ𶯣ڣһڹ˺ɫ󶦵ײ


1281 ʵ
¡
һ춯صĴ죬𶯣֮綼·˺ˡ

Ħޡڤɱ֮ͬʱһһɹӿϯںɫ֮ϣ⻹һΰӳ֣
ǵ֮ͨһؼ
Ϊ¯
һ̣Ҫɫ󶦶ҪóӳȥĻᶼûС
ͣͣ
һһںɫܣȥɫϵͼľȻɢóԴ󾪣ʲô
ϸϸһ򣬾֮ùȻĴͨӵУҪҳԼûôף»Ҳ٣ɽӻҲ٣Ҳ٣ػҲ֮࣡Ϊãƿ
ӵа˴ӡǣ̵
ԣΥ
ⶼΪûнԵʣһص־ڣһޡ
ƣƣƣƣʣ̺˽նһУΪã׳ͺ񳽻һغ¯ﶼ壬
ǿ
أ
һը죬ΰ˳ȥৣԲݺɫ󶦳֮硣
ס
Ħޡڤ𣬾һҪסԣʮɱҲ֡
ۣۣ
ֻǳԵ̫ǿˣ֮ɱǵֱӱײɷ۴⣬Ѫ죬ʬͬһһʱ䣬֮ʬҰѪɺӣĩս١
ɶ񣡡
Ħޡڤ˴ŭͨ
ɱ
ɱ¾
շ
ɫ󶦺ϴ죬أͨδ˵ԡ
ৣ
һɫ磬ԼԦɫ󶦷ɳ֮硣
׷
Ħɱ֮ޣѼӶзߣֱܴ裬ڵõĴǼģŴʧ
ˣΪץסԣѾħ壬ܵõϵ󴫳УࡢĻⲻˮһգǶϣ֥鶼ûмһ˷۱
ΪһĵһɱֹԲ鷢
ץסԣ
ĦޡڤԼʮɱ׷˵֮硣
ৣ
ԴӺɫ֮߳ȡ󶦣ʩչ˿ռԽռ䣬٣Ħɱ֮޷׷ϡ
Ҳ֪ǰ˶ա
ûд½ֻһſǳ֮Уһſǳһһһ㣬Ѥá
ǣ
ңƬգһ࣬Ŀ罣һɨķûһ˿ڣ·һжޣһ

Ŀ䵽һǳϣƽȥ
Ƭ̣ͣסüͷٵģһжǼٵġ
ৣ
齣Уһնǳ룬ȴͬˮһ㣬һ£ͻָԭΣһʱ侪ɲɫȻ˵˭ҳ
ৣৣ
һ콣ɽ飬޹⣬ǳʧɫһƬ޾һƬûһ㶯
ţ
ͻȻĿһңǰһնȥ
ʮ

ǧ
Ƭշ·֮ޱ޼ʣԽ𺧣⾿ʲôط
ʱĿкȻ޴󣬴֮еĺӰ
ৣ
Լٹȥ
͵һֻӰŵε񣬶ɫׯ£һֱ˵ζ
һһλԶӲɣˣէһͨûκ𣬵ͷϵڵʱ򣬾һţ·ִһ㡣
ڶһΰƻֺ꣬ڷչٵˣһۣ飬˫貣ŭһۿȥóĤ֮⣬һɴػζ˰ݷ
Ϊͨһλ͵ˣһ·ƽͨУһҩ¦װһЩҩݣֳһᣬ̧ͷǿգ¶˼֮ɫ
񣬳ò˵
ˣˣ
ʱϢڣһӡǷɳȻ֡
СڰռֶɳϿգʱʥԳৣ嫵ޱǿ֮Уһֳ֣֣һ˵֮ࡣ
һ˵ԷΪģƣһɲɣϡӵ
֪ˣʵĵ񣿡
ˣ¶֮ɫ
ڵ
ʱһĻˣһ˵ںϣʵϿգ۳ˡڵĸ֡
⡭
Զʱɲ
ˣ
ڵĸһ֣ͳһаʮһɸߵĻ滭˸ֹͼģǳｭɽȻһжӦоУУȴһѪս
һ춯صĳ档
ľˮ񣬷󣬺ڰơռơʱֻ󣬳Կ
һսؼûκһλ⡣
ͼ֮Уս䣬һ϶ǿ䣬ؽĹء
ѵԶսΣֻΪζսͼ֮еΣ𺧣Ŀɨӣ̽Զս࣬ӿ죬ѾоԼҪˡ
ৣ
ʱһƥ·նǳһ˳
˭
ûκ˼أ齣ӳз˳ȥһ죬顣
һӰ˳Ժ󷽡


1282 
һϤӰȹԵֲ
һֲ
㣿
ЩţֲȻԼ֣
ԣһսһĵõʴСֲһ£ѩһ㣬Ϣɭһ񽣣նһУ̬ƽͣƽӳԣ̹Ȼ˵
ȻΪѾͻڡ
ৣ
һ˿Ķֲ˵ʴȥɡ
ʲô˵ʲôֲԾ˵
Ұʴø㡣ƽͣȻ˵Ҫȥɡ
Ϊʲôֲʵ
һжڶʴȻϵĴУԼеĵָʹİɣ˭һƽ˵
ûСֲҡͷ˵ԣ㲻ö˵һսɱ⣬ɣ
Ե
ৣ
ֲˣĽףŽһ
һع淢⣬ǳʧɫֲͬһʵ񽣣ն򳽻ԣһǰ˵㲻Ҿͱ

һԶ㿪
Ϊɱ
ֲ罣罣罣˫ֳֽһ綼ԽĽৣৣذ˷ʮسһǧɽܲһų¡
ۣ
ƲѳԳˣһơ
ã
ֲ̾һ˵ԣվǾߵͣ˭һޣ˵֮䣬ֲϳ˽⡢ơ⡢£ġһɲɣϡԶĽɢ
ˡ
һ˷ɢȥ
֮ϯذ˷һƬնûɫʣֻеĽĹâ
ƣģΨһΪ򷨾𣡡ֲеı£Ʈ֮䣬һιϡƾõĿдϢƮ죬У·ѾΪһ塣
һޱȣ
һж·ɢˡ
ʵϷϵĻͼ֮УѪʬ䣬ֲһӳģױȡ
ʣ
һڳ˵޿ɱ⣬ٴγ齣֮·Ϊһսһ㣬߰սɢеӭȥ˭棿
ս
ս
ս
һսһ޴ս
߿ܡʻ㶼һսĻͼ֮еսγһ׳İ衣
ϣ
䣬Ӵ󣬹৳գֲƻֺ꣬ײɽײ޹⣬һƬط·Ѿʧɫˡ
𣬵𣬽𽣷һһУȻľɽ£ǳӵֲеıɢоžŰʮһɨ񷡣
һ
ֻǣһڷâ

ⲻǽ⣬һˡ
ԣ
ɢ޾ԣųĹâڰӭ˺ڰ磬ʵĻͼ֮еľ󶼱ˡ
ֻأ࣡
ΰӰ֮Уޱߺڰ齣һƳĿУ³ʻ㣬һһͨػ𣬽ֻأࡣ
ۡ
֮ޱ޼ʣһĽˣֲ
¡
һ죬𽣷ƣҲƷ˳ȥ
ϣ
һ죬ͬһ񽣲ʯ֮Уֺʯ˫Ŀ罣˵ԣǿΪ൱ʵ൱ӵпսʵƾ㽣Ҫңǲܵġ
ৣ
罣һ̳ȣبžɷԣóǿһֵһɣ
ɣ
䣡
䣡
һ£磬Ҫ䡣
һʽܹĽ

һ£ʵǰû龰

ûһ̫ˣٶȱٶҪûĴ
ৣ
ҪһµһѸ׶޷ܡ
ս
ܱܣӭȥ˴ӡھ˷ɫӣ߲⣬֣Ͳʷ׳ʣһ޹Ľ̳ȥննһ

һ
νʤµġ
ɣԺֲʽʮֿµĽͨ
ͣͣ
ʽཻһһ㽣ӣ࣬ķһһĿռȥ⵽˻ԵĴﶼʧȥɫʣΨʵ겻͸Ļͼĳ֣䣬ͬ
¡
ػһ𵴿ৣৣֲֻ˵Ӱ˿
߰أվ۶ɢ
ý
ֲ鰲ͣϢƽͣ˵꣬һѪϢһ˥ȥɫһ󳱺죬Ѹٲ԰ʮּѵ˵֣ʤˣʴȥɡ
ֲųԣһ仰˵
һƽ
ʱһֲĶ𣺡ɱ
ֲ
ֲɱǸٴ𣬳˱֮˵ɱȡϵĽӡǣδĽ̳ɱ
ֲ
˵ʲôǸŭֲը죬ֲ𶯣ɫף˵Ҳ֡
ã㲻֣Ϸͳ֡Ǹŭ
Сġֲߺ
ʲôԾ㵵
¡
ֻһɫӡ£ϯֲǳóһԼ֮У֮Уʱпȥĸоһֲ֮˹


1283 ͨ
˭
˭Ҫɱ
ޣֻǲ磬̩

ǣ˲Ϣ̩Ҫǿ˲Ǵˣһˡ
ৣ
齣Ӷǧǧ򣬾죬֮תˡ
󾪡
ͨˣ
Ҫɱ˾ȻͨˣԼţȻͨҪɱôܣԼͨԼʥͨΪҪɱԼΪ󴫳УֻΪ
Сģ
ֲб£𷨣
ֲֹϷѵˣ˭㽣𣿡ͨĿֲһɢؾʦʦҵӰֲһ𣬵类Ʒɳȥ
֣
ʿһ䣬Ա˳ȥĿͨˣ齣ն£صһ죬齣նǷӡϣ飬类ɽУһ߷ݰ㵹˳ȥ
̫ͨǿˡ
ǿֲ𿰱ȰĴڣҲһ֮С
ԣܲûаװ׻ϷĵࡣͨȻ˫֣һͷ׷׷ͯգˣ볽ͨڼģһ޶ûʲô仯

б仯
һ˫Ŀ͵ضͨˣ˵ǽޣһμͨ˵Ĳ֮ͬڳڴ˿ǰͨ˵ϸоһ޵ĽϢûнӡǵĻ޷
ޣ
ֲһ⻰ĿԾĿͨˣ١
ԭֻͨǴδԴ̣ƵϢŨһֱΪͨƵߣǽޡ
һе𾪿֪ˡ
ǹŽһӡǵĽͣϷһޡͨ˿ųԣ񾫹˸ͳ˵ԣȻѾ֪ϷǽޣӦ֪ô˰ɣ
ͨ죬ûнǣҰѽӡǸ㣬Ҳɲ˽񡣡˵
۳ӡ֮ûнǣ޷ΪԻףӺɫ֮۽ǣһǧΪһ󣬱ӵһĵǡ
磺ҪΪ񣬾ͱҪӵнǣ
ȻͨûнǣԾӵнӡǣҲɲ˽
ңһԭ
漴Ծһ˵᣿ǾҵĽǣӵ˽ӡǣƵ޷׵׵ҵĽ뽣ӡںϣҲֻʧܡ
ͨ죬һжȻԵ
Ȼԣ̫СϷˣĪΪϷֻһ𣿡ͨ˿ųԣȻЦĿ䵽ֲϣ˵ϷѾ׼ļ޽ӡ
Ѿ˽ǣԾ
ûСֲҡͷ
ͨ죬㵽ʲôϷԺȵ
СӣϷʵɣϷһǣֲֲڣȻ޽壬Ϸȡ֮󣬽ƵֱɢȥںĽȻٶȡĽӡǣɾ͹ϵ£һ޶˸Ľ񣬹ͨһ˵꣬Ц
ʲô
˻һֲǴһû뵽ͨ˾ȻɥĲ
һ泽Ҳòͨ˵ıֱ޷졣
˰ɣͨЦ
ԺֲĬȻ
ˣǾ־ܰɡͨ˵˵գһͬĻһųԶ˾
ֲһۣͬʱͷ񽣳ʣͨˣʱ纣죬죬գһضʧɫĹʣһ֣Ͻ
֮Ҳԣʵǲͨ˵Ϸ컯칦
һ䣡
ˣ
ֻһ֣ޣľɽӣǳӦоУ·һ㡣
컯칦
컯أ鹹磬ΰݻѰͻƣһʽͨ˿ĻʮԴĴͨžס
¡
һ죬ֲⷽ鹹統У⵽޾⣬عԣҵĹۣ˲䣬ֲ˾Ǳˣ֮ûС
һ̣Ƕͨʵ𾪡
ɣ
ͨ˴һץȣ·նץУԳ硣
޷ֲץ˹ȥ

ֲһҧ⣬һʾѪܻѪѪӿ۽⣬ǵصϯȥͨһ֮£ȫɢֲɫѿ˼㡣
ʣ
ߣ۷֮ԿΪΪ
Ϊ
ն
Ϊն˳ȥ
ͣ
˭ָ֪ͨţһգصһһѪԳʹ˺ѷΡ
ԣֲǶ˵ˣ޷ͨ˵
ˡ
ͻȻʵϿգĻͼ֮УսѾеһϵʬĹأ֮Ҳˡ
ֻǣⳡҵԭʲô
ˣ
ʳˡ

һڽȻһ
ôܣ
ͨ˻һĻʧɫ𺧣˵սԭȻһ
ԺֲҲ𾪡
ˣˣϷˣԭνǧ񣬲Ϊ𣬶ԶʱһֱδĽΪ𣬽񣬲֮֮ͨһɣһЦǧš

֮
ֲ˶ˡ
ৣ
ʱǶ˸оһǿҵĿ䵽ǵϣͨ˵Ŀ⣬˷ܣ͸©˵ãܺãվϷɾͽ֮գɣĽ


1284 ־ս
ৣৣৣৣ
ͨ˴һĵ콣ֱɫ䣬ı񽣳ͨ춫ϱķ
ɣ
ɣ
ɣ
¾ɣ
Զ񽣣ĽҲɽ
Ľ㾹ȻӵԶĴ׽ֲ
Ϸ츳Ե࣬õƵĽĽΪĽǣӦøеҲǡͨ˹Ц
ɶ񡣡ֲ޵
ҪΪһжͽͨ͡˿˳һۣһ⣬ϣԶ÷ֺұطˮʴʹ֣ԵĲҽ䵽ͨУͺһ㣬˼ˡ
һЦֲ˵СӣϷΪͽǣϷɾͽ񣬹ǲǺܿİ
ۣ
ֲδ˵ͨѾˣһץɽִУһĨѪʣһѪ̺ͨ˵ľ񣬶ֲ͵һֲļ˽ȥ

ʱֲ˺ѷΣʹ಻Ĳҽ
ɽ
ɽ
¾ɽ

ʹֲήңƲ˫صһͨ˵Ľ¡
ͨһˬʵĴЦ
ƥɱ㡣ԿֲΣĿѣ˻ʹ
ԣҪףܹߵգһжϷշ㣬㻹ϷʱˡͨһСĹ죬˵㲻ҪżСĽںϻҪʮ죬㻹ʮĻͷ
ƥ㲻úƿڴͨȴǳţһһĴֲСػϸϸ۲ĽֲںϵḶ́ϾܹΪĹؼ
ҲˣڴڵĴ̧ͷʵܣһ
죡
ʮ죡
ʮ죡
ʣ
ڵʮ죬𣬺ڡɫʵҫһģͬһӴ򳽻ԡ
ô£
ͨ̾͸оˣ֣ҪֹһУ̱һɺƴĺڰ׶ɫⲨ˳ȥɫһ䣬ѿôǿֹܹͨ
һֻܴһĲʣĿĽ볽Ե塣
⡭
һ֮󣬳Ծϲ֣ء֮СȻתһ˵ģһ˵һ̣ԾȻ磬֮
ڵ찡ڵ
ͨǰһУһ˫̺˫Ŀɴţ˻ѵעʴ߲ɣʴϷδĽҲϷ򡣡һĻֱͨ췢
䣡䣡
𣬿ֲصϯһʽʽɷͨԼԴͨʩչڵĸ֡
¡
ֻѲ⣬棬ͨ˾ӵ֮ͨ޷Υһɫɨ˳ȥް˫ĿĶųԣɫݣ˵ѵϷҪһ𣿲ԣ
ͨΪıһѾ꣬ӳԽ̫ſռһ̣ѾıԣֲѾ׼˵ӡ
ȻҪʧˣ
ͨ޷ܣҪŤתһУ͵ҧ⣬һھѪΪ֮ˣһ޵֣֯һͷϿգ̳ˡ졯ء֡
ȥ
ֳųһ㣬ͨſһȣط֮ϯɽӣ⣬Ҫ֮ϳԽܵʴУһԾ㲻Ҳˡ

ͨЦҪֻٵԡ
¡
Ѫ֮ϣʱ𣬾ɢ֮ƣҲһѪͨ˼˴ϲ⾹Ȼסˣ볽Եͨɫһݣҧ⣬ھѪ
ΪΪΪ֮ʵ֮
ƣ
߿ھѪͨȴڣҲ޷ܵ˲٣ҪĽΪֲͽǣҲ޷ʵĳеõӡǣ˲ϧһдۡ
䣡䣡
Ѫһ춯أ춯·ضҪˡ
ֻأ𣡡
˽ҪͷӲĴӿ³ˡһͨ˴һѪΰǱֻӲֻ֮Уֻأ֮
룡
ͨ˼˴ĶһǣҲ֮նֻأѪΰϳ
ˣˣһҪסܹоڵѾеͷֵסͨ˵ĻվڣҲΪ֮أ̫ԸĶס
־
޵Уη־Դ߶˼¡
һ־ıƴ
㻹ֵͨɫݣᣬȻоڵеؼʱ̣ڲֹһжˣҪӶ᳽ԵĽӡǽޱȣԲ

Ϊϰ밡
ս
һ־ս
ˣˣ
һ˵Ŀٽ볽Ե壬֮󣬹ľ磬ΧƲࡢ𡢽ӡУйݳ֮⡣
һ̣Ҳ

ͨ˫Ŀ죬·ʳѪ񱩣ֲϯİһѪΰġ
أ
һ죬ֻһıɢˣʧ֮䡣
Ϸɹˡͨ˼˹Ц
ңǰδеԭһһһ˵ȴͨ˴ˣӴʧ֮䣬仰˵õڵҲǲڵ


1285 һԳ
ˣˣˣˣ
ֻһߵڽ֮£̱⣬ԣ⣬ࡢӡҲӦ뽣ӡá
ˣ
һɺƴԳɢ
á
ͨ˼ɫһ䣬Ҫ̱Ħޡڤɱ֮ס
¡
һ죬ڳϵؿ
֣̫ˡֲϲ
ߡһӣһ˵ԽӡΪȣƿֲϵĽֲȥ
ɶСˣϷҪѪϴǵáͨƻӶ󿪴ϣǿؿĦ˵ϣͨɱɱ˳ȥͬŭһץ򳽻Ժֲˡ
Ҫˡ
Ħޡڤɱ֮ҲͨҪסԡ
֣ȥԴӡֲУһһϣʥ࣬ɫֳ֣һĽ֮Ϊȣһͬһ˽ɫìһӳ
Դȣģɱ
ΨҶ
˺
ͬ
Ʈط
ͨĦɱ֮ͬʱԳԳֱ֣˴ԷԷԼ֣Ҳʹ޷ȫԸԣ˿ɳ֮
䣡
䣡
䣡
ĵȻǷͬ죬һ֣ɫ䣬޹⣬ɽʧɫ涼֮С
һ̣Է·Ƿ
һ֣һﵽһԳľ硣
ңвࡢΪܣһ˵ĵΰӵ쾡£ͨ˺Ħ˶ɫһ˿仯
ɶ񣡡
ͨǸްۿԼԸͿˣû뵽·ɱҧƻԼƻԼɾͽļƻһ񣬼ֱǲˡҪ³ԣòĦˣʵŭ
ͨ죬ֻóС˿ߣһһץӣ˭ץס˭ġĦ˵
áͨһʣӦѾ⣬ס֮󣬴ɾͽһҪĦΪ׵ĵɱһɶΪͨһ۵㣬ԭ¡
ã
ͨĦһһҼлɫһ䣬ŷӡֳ齣ҳֵ֣ͨԼĦ޵˵Ĺ

ڴʱһȻٻͨʥҲ֮ͨһӣͨˣ˵ͨ϶㣬Ƿ
Сӣ̫ˡͨŭץͨ
ʱԺȻ³һ֣
¡
һɿ񱩵ϯȥͬһͨˣֻͨЪ˹ĺ޳ܵĳСϷģһҪ˺Ƭ㲻úδ䣬˳ֻ飬ǻһ˿ѪȻˡ
𣡡
ӿ񱩵׷򳽻ԣȻ֡
ĦԼʮɱҲ֡
أ
ԱϾֻһˣ޷˼ڤһƣɳȥ
ৣ
ͨۼֿ죬۷ץ򳽻ԣ˵ĦޣСϷⷽϸñϷ£ȥɡ
ɶ񣬳Ǳˣߣڤŭ᳽ԡ
Ħޡǳ֡
һȺ֮ͽͨȻѾԤϵɷŭΪĦ˵İɱ̫֮ྫȻͨҲ޷߳ԣĦ˳ֻ֣÷ץ򳽻ԡ
ৣ
ᣬԳ˳ȥգ۾ǰ

ͨ˺Ħ׷
ৣ
ܿ죬Գλ档
һ֣λԼ׵ע⣬οͨ˺Ħ˶ߣʮɱôǿ׷ɱһˣ˲ʶԵҲᱻ
οʱѾΪ塢ħ塢ħ֪ˡ
ԣ
찡˲ǵõɱ֮ԼʮɱֻΪֻʣʮˣ
ٺ٣㻹֪ɣħҵ˵ģ֮磬ڿѾõϳˡ
ʲô飬ƴأοĦޡڤɱ֮δҽ
ۣһʵһ˭ָͨˡ
ʶǶ׷ɱԣϵ󴫳У
󴫳У⳽ԵʲôͷȻܹһ֮ô󴫳У
ٺ٣ʲôͷˡ
ǰôҪɱ˶೤ʱ䣿
һЩ߲δǰǸԶԶģΪ񶼲ǣֻ·һǵȴĦɱ֮ԼʮɱŭˣĿ𣺡Ƕ
䣡䣡
Ħץԣʹ֣߳ʱһƬɱ¾
ٺ٣
ͨЦԥץ򳽻ԣۼֿ죬һֻؽδסͨһƣصһһѪײײ˳ȥͨЦ˵ԣӵ𣿡
˵գץ򳽻ԡ
䣡
ʱһ𣬽סͨˣȻ׳֣Ҳ³ԣȡϵ󴫳С

ͨ˴ŭһץʱ̶ܼĽһͬ񽣳֣Ө͸һ㣬ɢƺƵĽ
һ̣ͨ˳ˡ

ֻͱƿס
ʲô
׳һһʵ˭
ͨ졣ͨ˵
˭ֹ³ԣͶҪһ˼иûͨ˴ڣǺ˵


1286 
٣ԭͨͨ졣ʱĦɱ֮׷ʮɱں
ͨ׶һһ˵磬סĴ磬ͨʦ
Ħ޵
Ȼ㣿
ײһݣϾǰͨѾǰܣպյĴڣղŽ֣ȻԷѾﵽһɲľ磬ɵ
ʱһ˵Ȼ֪ͨܵ޷Ѿħħɱˣ
ͨĿһɨ˵ֹϷҲ
Ǿ԰ɡ
Ҳ壬ΪǿǰľƣȻĦɱ֮ͨ˵ѺһУǻ³ԵĻᡣ
ৣ
Σֻܡ
䣡䣡
ڳߣһⶼǰ񣬸ǰףߣһ۶Ϥ֣죬ϯʮأ𶯣ϵ̫ʧȥ˹âð޹⡣
һĻԶǰս
˴Ķλ桢ħλ桢ħ˹עԳ֣λޡ硢̩˻ϤԳֵϢǻȸԾɱ
ȻҲеǳԵˡ
ŷѩǡ塢ϻá桢ذεͨʥ˶Ԯԡ
¡¡
λ𶯣·˺ѣһӰħˣ޷졢޵ڤ֪Ϣ̸λ棬һҪץסԡ
⣬ǻҪɱ֮Ħޡڤ䣬ΪǴħ˳ԣħΪħЦɱ֮Ѫϴৡ
ħһҲλ档
һبδķ籩λ

֮£綼·һ
ս
䣡䣡
ħ壬ħħ壬ħΪ᳽ԣ֣һƬ֮УһеĶףǾһˣң·콵Ѫһ㡣
Թ¾սƾһ˵Լࡢһδζɱ¾֮
ϾҲſȰ׵ʵһ׻޷ɱ϶ҲܹҪֻƬ̣ԾѾǱˣ˺ˣǲ֧ţѾԪľˡ
ΪˣԽҪȡóڵ󴫳С
οħдϢڳԵϣһܣܸйأֱĶǶˡ
ৣ
ԽԽİײʬͬһȥ
ԣҲн죿޵˸ˣֳһųɱ˵Ĺâ֮кޱȣϳ֣ɱ򳽻ԡ
㻹ܣ˵
ɡ̩
ĽϷ򡣡
䣡䣡䣡䣡
˳飬ޱȣҪء
ͬʱͬʱ֣ҪץסԣҲǱ˴˳֣Ȼ˳Կɳ֮׵£ܹжٿɳ֮
ͨԼĦ˵İɱ֮óԷʤҲвħ塢£ȻҪ֮类֮ҲΪˣԭ᳽󴫳еθˡ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
һЩħħѪսΪľðץסԡ

Ҳڴʱʥ塢ϻõ˸ˡ
ԣ
ŷѩǡŮó̶ǶԳԵνŲѣԼǣҵ˵ǿߡ
˾Ͳˡ
ŷѩǡŮһۣͬľ
磬Сġ̺
أ
ԱһУѪŷѩ˴ʧɫæǰԮٶĻʥ̫ڵ磬ʵǰéĴڣףҲɵ
ԣû°ɡʥʵ
лʥģһˡȥǵѪĿƵ˵
ǾͺãڵɲǱ뿪ʥ
̫ˡԵ
ߣʥⲽأ㻹뱣ӣ޷ħ۳ˣһͷ׵ͷɢҰĹһ˫ɫͫԣʵ˵ô˵ǰ㱣
޵ڤ
Ϸġ̤ͨǰƺƴɫ䡣
ߣͨҲˣ޷쿴ͨ˵ܵѾɱˣ㲻뱨𣿡
㽫Ϸҵ̡֮ͨ˵
ãȫ޵ͨɲӦ޷ЦЦе˵
ǾͿԵֶΰɡͨ˵
ৣৣৣৣ
һ˲֮䣬ͨ졢޷졢Ħ޵˳֣Ŀֻһԣ
䣡䣡
Ժʥͬʱ˳ȥ
ৣ
ϻá˳
˳֮⣬ȫɱ޵
䣡
䣡
䣡
һһϯһأԡʥ˶˳ȥ
ԣӲˡ
ʥҲڡ
ױƽһ彻֯һӿ֣γһɹɻ籩һؿռݣõóԵ·ӡ
ԣֻһܹˡʥɫ԰ף˵
ʲôʵ
Ҳʥ
ѾһˡԵ
ã˥١ʥ˵ֻһܹһ㣬ǡ


1287 ˥
ڸ˥١ü
ҿ԰㡣ʥ
ʥְɡԵ
ԣŷѩǡŮһǡ
һġԵ
Ǻãʼɡʥ˵꣬һץ˳Եһɹɰӿ壬̺˾ԴԴ󾪣ʥ
Ҫ˵˥٣뿴δܹɾͽ㣬ߵ˥٣Ǻε̬Ҳ뿴ɣʥЦ˵
ǡҧ˵ʥһ֮Բܹ
һ˵Ļʵһ֮䡣
¡
һɺƴĹⲨϯԳͷϿճһ޴ɫնϿգһ߲֮٣֣һӰɫն֮߳
ô£
һĻͨˡ޷졢Ħޡ硢޵ɫ䣬ͨ˺޷ʧã˥١
ˣ
ʱʥŷѩ˱˳ȥ˥ٽ٣ڶɽߵķΧ֮ڣҲܵٵӰ죬ʥȴҲ׷ա
ֹ
ͨ˺޷һۣͬʱ򳽻ԡ
¡
ǳֵһ˲䣬غ¡£һɵĽն£ͼͨ˺޷˵˻϶֮ɫ޷ü˵
ԣⲻ˥٣˥Ծ־Լ꣬ôʹ
ѵڵԭ򣿡ͨ
ڵ޷쾪
ͨ˵ͷ˵˳Իڵ飬޷ɫɲ˵ô鷢ôӶɹһ٣ǶĶ֣
ͨĬȻȻѾͬ޷Ļ
һҲǰһĻ޷֮ͨĶ֣ء
˥٣⾿ʲô˥٣
죬󴫳Уͬ죬ɵĽͬ
ֹǲֱͬǴྶͥŶԣΪûκ˾߶˥ٻʹο󣿡
ڰ֮ɫÿ
ͻȻһ˾쿴ʲô

ֻ֮䣬һƽͣž޲޹ͬ󣬾ʱһϵֳڣܣһһ貵Ľ⣬Ȼһ֡
֮ʥ࣬ԻͣĽϯһ˵֮ࡣ
ģ찡ģǡһ˵
찡Ȼõ֮ʵĴУ
̫˼ˣѵעΪ𣿡
һĻԼ߶ˣ塢ħ塢ħҲ¶֮ɫ޸ɫѿ˼㣬Ъ˹ĺеΪʲôõʴУΪβҶޣ
ģ
硢̩˶ɫ
һͨˡ޷˶ͫ͵˵ԣһ˵֮ôСģ
˻һ׵ɻ
ǰôнģ
ԻΪ֮һ˵дɣȷʵûСģô£
ѵгʲôʣ
ʱͨ˵ˣ֮ȷʵûнģһǳԴӡɣۼһ˵ģ鷿ڵ
ʲô
仰ɫ䣬вٰ׶ţһλ˵Ȼˣһأ
ѾϷˡͨ˵
׶ʱ˵׽ĬȻ
ˣˣ
ͻȻһ˵ԽΪףڳܵʱ춯صĹԳһΪɫһΪɫɫɢһɼصɫɢһز࣬
ǡ
ڰ׶׽һʥ𣺡ǲעҪˣ޷ֹ
עھͻٵ
ٵɹ˽١
ɱ
ԳԳֵİ׶飬޸λһ֣һóСܴɡУԳԵĺ޾Ǯ㾡֮ˮϴ
һڵõࡢϿɣ˹δֵĽӡǵˣֹܹ𣿡ʥЦ
仰ɫѿ˼㡣
ѵͱֻĿɹ˥𣿡ʵʵ
СĬƬ̣򶫷ޣ˵һֹӣɹĻܹ׾ٵɱ
ʲô޼еʵ
ǽޣ˽ӡǣģԲź˥٣Ҫֹʮּѣ裬һʧܣҲ˵
ʲô޼˻һ̣Ѿ˽ݣֻɱԵͷ
ǽޣ˽ӡǣڶɽٹУͬǽ޵˳֣Ľӡǣôɽһʧ֮Ҳ˥١˵ޣɱԣֻһ
֮ɽٳɹӵа֮ƾһ˵ĺͲࡢһᱻɱ˵
ʲôһ֮г˳ޣңԣһҧ˵ãԸȥΣһҪɱȻֻǽҲԼ뷨Լ˳ԵĽӡǣǹŽһλ
ܺãλ̫ϳϽΪǿڣôһ˿Ļᡣ˵
л޵


1288 ٽ
ǡ
ˣ׶̾ʣΪǵǣҲûгԵ벻ԶĶȣֱǺȺޱͬһСѼһ㣬Ĳۣ
ɶôôõǣм֣Ŀ֮г˳ޣ޲ɱԡ
ͷһж
ৣ
Ḷ́޳ˣĿǳԡ
Сġ
ŷѩǡͳŮذεŭɣ
ޣѾע⵽˫Ŀֱͬ嶫޵ۿ齣͸磬籼ףһҪɱޣ˽֮ĳޡ
أ
޴ıķɳȥ齣ն
¡¡
һ̣ٽˣ߲ʹϯǷմ£ԲʱֵĻԻᱻٴУ֪ʯ֮䣬Իؾȣʽһ䣬ֵн١

޳һԼ亹£ץס򳽻ȥһ߲ʹ˹ҲǷн٣ֻֻǳǵʮ֮һɲҴ⡣
䡪
ͬʱԱнٴУ߲ʹƣܣǧǧһڽɫѪȴ¶Ц⣬ٴλֻ֪жٵ٣
ԣɱ˶ޡ
Զذε򳽻ԣ󺰡
ৣ
ȻԶ齣ճŶȥ˺һأ·Ķɫ䣬˻𣺡ң
˭ҲȲ㡣
˵ޣסɱ˺ɱ֮
䣡䣡
ʱһһϿմֱԣڰ׹ϲ̺ӳ֣ΰδٽѾӰ쵽˳Ե
ô죿
ԲţپȻ֮죬󣬶ͬʱҲǴϲҲٵӰ죬ʺ־ûиϾ磬ҡ

оٵչٶʯ鲻Ͳֻ֮Ϳռ֮Խգٷ·Ѿںηٵҵ
ֵֻܵ
ˣ
һ˽һ壬ǽǳԣ磬ԽӡΪ׵һߵĺͲࡢӡǷ˽ٵľ񹥻ΪһٲǣԾꡣ

ʱ˶޵Ĳҽʹ಻Ťһ˫۾ԵĻޱߺӿҧݣѪҺʣӲ֧סˡ
أ
һֻ̣һһӾͬ⵽׻һ㵹ɳȥɫ԰ף˫ۣ˵ֻˡ
ʣ
һ̣ϴһԽޱȵĽ󷽣纣һĽϯ
ޣ
Ȼƣ򳽻ɱˣԣɣԭֶɹ٣Ľ־ǿˣĽףҲͻͽﵽףȻӵ˿ǿߵʵ
ƽԾԲУ٣󣬴˿̶һѾܹ˺
ৣ
齣ʩչϽһ޴ɣִУ϶ޱߵĻ齣µֲͬķ籩һԽԽ֮ͣ
ɫ䣬û֣ͬʿһ㣬η޾壬򳽻ԡ
ͣ
ĽӳʲѪ٣Ҳ˺һѪνܾˡ
ৣ
ȻˣƶǶ˵΢תһ£͸ޱҪ롣
𣡡
ҲƣһͬűԼ̬һԺͶ޶˫˫ɳȥ
¡
ڴʱĵٽˡ
һƬĻ
һ֮ڣ˺ڰ֮Уһΰ޵еӰֳֳ֣ì৵һ£֪Ǵ򳽻ԣǴ򶫷ޣ߽У
ž
ì̳ط·һ߾֮֮ۡ
һì޷ֵ
𣡡
ԺͶ޶˼ͬʱ𣬳ֵһì֮¾ĪʹŶƴսȴֹͬС
ߴĺӰƽìٽ
һĻ׶һ
¡
⵽˻һ𣬺ֻԺͶ޶˵Ӱ˳Ѫ˺ۣûһ㳽ӵҲ⡣
ȿȿȣ
һ֮󣬶˶ǼվĿ⽻֯һ𣬾δԷ֣
ֻǶ˶֪ǶԷ֣ʱʧȥ˳ֵ
ǲ֣˲֡
˭
˭ԳԳˣ
һһ˫Ľ̺ǿķͽһȻɣڳԼվ˲˹ȻѾڵȴʱԳԳ֣ڵȵˡ

һû뵽ֵ˾Ȼǰ񣬵ֻǳԾѣΪѾԤ֮е飬Ͼ֮У˭˸߳Ľ
ֻ
֮
Сġ
ŷѩŮǵǡ
ʥ˫ȭսԼ⡣
ɣýȻ͵Ϯҿ㲻мˡذεƿڴ
ֻǽţ·ûһ㣬򳽻ԡ
ͣ
һѪ٣ϿնһѪصһֻԵ룬һֻ֣û˿ɫ԰׵˼㣬Ž˵ΪԼĴʵ㲻ǣ˵꣬ԹЦ


1289 ޻
ԣͷ㻹Цʲôһ߽ԣ˵
Ц˴֪н֮ʵ޲ɼԶ϶˵ϾЦ⡣

ৣ
еնȥֻȻһеȻҲӲȥˣͷһֻһĨӨĽֱӴԼð˳Ѫ𣺡ɶ˭
ԭֻǻһѪһڶܹԶˣʬ꣬ȴԼȻ޷Ťתһ嶯ã·ѾԼˡ
˭
磬嵱֮ĵһޣ֮½Ľ֮˳ǰ۵һʬ廯Ϊ޾ҳ߶ˡ˭֣֪˭ɱԼ
˭
ǽɻ󣬾Ҳʮɻ

޸Ǿδ˻Ŀãޱ߼ʵĲtѰɱߵټ
⡭
ʥϻõ˶ʧɫû뵽ȻܹһɱҪ֪Էǰװ
ͨ죬ڻǳˡ
ʱֻóһһٵ˵Ҫʧˡ
ˣ
ֻʮ֮⣬ȻһֻһӰ߳ͨ˭
ͨ죨ͨ
״ʧɫǽޣ
ô£ͨǷŸɮȻѳţҲŶԣôǽޣ
Ȼǽޣѽ㾡ͽ˼ˡ
찡ͨ쾹Ȼ֮
һ̣ʧɫû뵽ͨ죬λǰŸɮͨ
á
ˣʥɫ䣬̬ȫޣȻҲûϵͨ쾹Ȼǽޡ
ʥȾȳԣ
ŷѩǡԼ̶һǣĲѣذεǴӵǰδƽͱ˳
Ҫ嶯ʥһѽסذε˵춨δĽԲ
ǣһܹоõ庬᲻ס˵
šŷѩǶŮҲͷҲ˵һܳɾͽ񣡡
ͨ죿޷ߺ޵Ŀͨ죬ͻָƽΪ뽣ûжĶ飬οһԼͨɱҲӦ־͹̫̰̫Ϊˡ
СӣΪʦ𣿡ͨʵ
ǰھŽĽ֮ϵĽӡҲñǰȡŶԡ޼æ˵
šͨ˺ЦͷȻǶԶ޵Ļش⣬򳽻ԣһͳ˳ǰʵԣ㲻˵ϷʧӦ֪֮ûκֹܹϷɱ˰ɣ
Ǻǣʵһ㣬ֲϵĽӡǽϷһͨ˵
ҪԵ
šͨ˸һͷó˵Լȡɣ
ͨû뵽ԵҵôİϷˣԼоӣݵ˼㣬һץһھӨ͸ݵһͬһ򳽻ԡ
¡¡
ʱһɰħϿϯصһͨ˵Ľ嵴˿
ɫһ䣬˵ʲô٣
ɣħ١һϤĴЦֻһΰϵӰϿգħףħƣֳֺڱޣ״ħһ߳һͨɫ
޷죿ͨʧ
Ǳ𡣡޷Цͨ죬ȥӳ֣ħҵҲǱĶֻ֣вڱı¡
롣ͨ˴һӣ죬ǧ˷Ȼ˵ϵĽӡǣϷȡ
𣿡޷ЦһĿ䵽˳ϣ˵ԣѾϵ˱֣
ûзϡ
δĽ񣬾ȻʦͨԤ֮򲻻ϵǰ飬ӱͷ㣬棬޾ûнҲҪ񡣡
޷߿ֱ飬·̺֮ĻǵûдԷ
ֻǣ֮˳ޡ
ɣ
ֽԵĿӭ޷Ŀ⣬һǿƥĽϯ񽣣غϣһִηζ
ˣ
ռ䵴޷ʧԡͨˡ˶վûжʵ˶Ѿ⵽޷Ĺֻ⹥ħħνħ٣ʵЩǣֻǸӿֲ
ΪԽߣħҲԽ٣˾˺һѾܱħӰ죬˰֮ħȫޣһħǾǷͬСɣһ䣬ħپר԰ߡ
˽٣Ҳħ֮ΪֲĴڡ
ڳԵľ֮Уһ޴ħӰ޷죬ֳֺڱޣͷɲĺӣɢһɹɷۺɫĹڳԵ
Ƭ֮䣬֫ٺꡢ־鶼ɷۺɫĹʴ
ԣݰɣ
޷޷޾ջҡԵ
ˣ
һ˵ࡢӡػԲֺ־ʯ
ˣ޷ɫһû뵽Ե־ᶨ˹֮˵ԣ͹ˡ
ˣ޷졣ԵƽͣԶûһ˿ĻţһֵĽţϢƽͣ·ںһʵϣԺ޷ȷʵˡ
˵ʲôˣЦֱЦ޷ЦȻƽȣȻһֲ
Ϊ̰˽ģѾ޷Լģ޷ħѾԽԽһˡԵƽͣһ㲨˵޷죬㲻Ӧ磬Ĺޣຣޱߣͷǰ


1290 ֣֮
ຣޱߣͷǰ޷첻߶һ仰͵ȣԣ㵨˵̫ˡ
˵ʵֻԼԸŰˡԿ˵޷죬ħĴڣǴߵǣһ̰
ṵ̂޷
СԵҪϵ󴫳У̰Ҫ񣬾֪𣿡
ͻȻ޷ҽУʹе㾹ȻԱ
޷죬㲻̰ܵӰ죬͸ҹȥɡԹЦһΡȻƵ¡һֻ޷Ӱϯľ硣

޷һҽУû޾ն֮С
ৣ
Ҳһ˲һոͨˡ
ۣ
һţһѪ𣬵ͨ˲ҽһĵ˳ȥ
һѸװܲˡ
ɶ񣡡
ͨ˴ޣ˻𣺡Ҫɱ㣡
ৣ
ʱһĽ⣬塣
޳ˣ
ͨû뵽޾ȻҶԼ

һƱŷһھ޴ĽӰصһ˳ȥʱҲһͨһӣ϶£һγصһ˳ȥ
ৣ
ͨ˱ƽԣٽû뵽ٴν¡
һ٣
и޷ԣӵԣԤֻ֮Ҫɹһ٣ͽΪһˣ
ˣ
ͬ󺣣޾Ӽֻһ貵ԸӵĹâ֣һڽ
һپȻһ
ͨˡԼ״һ
硢̩Ħ޵ɫʮֽţиһ˿⣬ɱһϣϣ֮£һãȻޱȣôһ
ֻгûгԾһƽ·ѾԤϵֻ΢΢Щ죬Ϊ˽ȻʵĻͼ֮УֵǱ
Ҳս
ѽ˳Ե֮УǷʾ
նˣ
һնϢδͨ˺Ͷޣֻǵն򳽻һˡ
ʲô
״󾪡
Сġ
ŷѩŮ
ذεʥһţһĶᵽͷ
ৣ
е齣һƽɫ̹Ȼ͵شȣࡢ𡭡ޣְɣˣˣֻͻΪڰ𣬶һ֮䣬ϵ齣ʱ
һ
һɫȽȽ

ԭ齣Ļһˣҵǣһ̻δ
¡
ࡢԽӡΪ׵һ˵Ľںɽһնµ񽣡

һӹƽ
ˡ
һΰ˳ԵϣüģȻһӡǣֻȴһԲϸϸһĻͻῴԲһ߸ɫĹӡ϶ɡ
һ̣ϳһָߴϣʣ·֮һ㡣
׿򳽻ԣȻǿһ̫һ㣬ɱӣ޷ֹһֶĤ֮⡣

ޡ硢̩Ħ޵˶Ǵʧɫ类ŵûɢһ㡣
һ֣
Ħɱ֮һ
ȻֻһЦһۣĦɱ̩֮
ৣ
벽򶫷ܡ
ۣ
Ҳ赲˳һ⣬ɢޡ
ΨһˣͨûӣƽĿųԣһһɵĽն򳽻ԣͬӣϯʮأ𶯣˷ƻۣƽһ۵һͨ˵塣
ҽһûɵ
һˡ
ŷѩŮԺЦ˵ӽҲ뿪ǡ˵⻰ӵŷѩǡŮ
ݼ֮
ʱʥȻԳԳݡ
ݼ֮
塢ħ塢ħһݡ

ƽѾ˲֪꣬磬塢ħ塢ħ岢Ӻƽ֮δһͻһսħλ滥ͨƽ磬һƽ¡
һںƽ֣֮Ƿ硣
˵һλ֮λŮƿ硣
޾ա
һ浾ͥԺһУŮŮߣϵҸ
һˣһԺͯӣֵĺְֱ
Ǻǣ
ӺŮӶһЦ
ȫ꣩
==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================