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001 мСΡ
ǧ飬ΨĻǡôһǧĻУΪĵԳĽʷķܶʷƶľ֤
Ԫƹ⣬ɳӪ
ꡱĳ֣ЩǿҰݰҵƽ̨״άľ棬޷ٶȵʷ̨

󾸵۹ͳꡣ
Ͼ̫λĶʮ꣬۹ѾͳƬĵʮꡣͼ£رķٲʢһ̫ƽʢĻ
ʵν˵һһ
ʵۼλʱʮ꣬ڸ׸̫۳ɳһͬɽԪϣھĽĪĹѫ»ʼλ߸Уνǳ֮͢۹ʵͳߡ
оԼһʡ
Ȼܵ۹ͳ˭֮ݴصȷȷǷٲʢ̫ƽʢ
ֻʷϵļء
Ƭν̫ƽʢ£ӿİͬݿŵ۹ͳΣȴƽϰղΪ֪ˡ

ճǣ
ԭϪһɽϣһϪݴɽҲ֪˶Ҳûʴ˶ԶսʱڣоͷڳϿռսͬھɥڴ˵ء
ΪԵɣϪΪ
ȥˣ϶صѾ˴Ժ֣ƺѱǵȻҲΪͷ˾
ʱֵģһټĸۡڣŵլԺﳳ֡
ݣģ´ٸҶԶСԲѷҴĹͷ
棬ձߵڵصʹվֱͦˣԸñþӸµĿ⿴Լʮ壬һɫģδѣһеȶ̷һںĴ۾Ƥֳ֮ɫ˿ȥϢ
÷ŭĿ⿴ǰˣǻһ˿Ѫûкͳһֱȥǵø˵˾ԲܵŶֵȥѪҪؼȥ
սСȭͷ߷ߵ˵ҵĹͷҲҸ磡
ѽ˵СͷӲҵҪͷӲȭͷӲվǰ˾˾䣬ĦȭƣһҪֵӡԼʮжüĿ㣬ϰװ׾ģԼҶСʹӳ
űжСԼҵǺȥ˵ЩСݵĸףЩԼ˶깤ˣҲûܺã˵ܰѶС㶺úܿġԳԼҵ⣬е˻û˭
ֳԼɷݺη壬ССƺɽս˫ȭĶų
ס֡ŮӣĸͳһĴɫ·õӣ˵ĶˮȻѾߡ˵ģǱĸѾߴӵмһŮӡŮͺݲ࣬ĺг¶ԸԼҶС㣬ܰ
˾ʲôģƻ˱С顣
СķԸæתһһԶСͷЦǡȫСԸ
ߣȥ԰쵽ˣҲ֪װˡܰ޳֣Ѿ߶˵ժһӣ촽΢ҧһڡӲθڣüͷ΢΢һ壬ȥ͸ˡ
ǳ˫һʱһһҧסӣȻܰ£ǵõһ㣬ڴҧǵ̲ܰסһЦ
һĻжԳ˱ģСǹūš
ȻûݵСֹܰתȥ֮ȴֽĿͶݣĮ˵ˣҲӵ硣ҪѾǵˣڵֻһ
ܰĴָʳָָĥ䣬ƺˮмָͷϣЦһߣڵʱҽͶСûе׵䡣Ȼ˻Լҽ޸ǾǶԼҵˡ
ԱϣܰЦһڳѾǵĴӵźȥˡ
˵Ҹ磡ݸҪ磬һִֻӱϡ
ݻعͷӳһӢ棬۽һԲε̵ӡɫ࣬Ľе硭
ޱ飬ǵ˿ڸǲεӣһĨӢֻǵ˵һ䣺ڼҵ㣬һȥתˡ

ƻ裬
һסĿ˵ʵ㲻ϴķҾ߼ªһЩԼĳߣӰʺʹȻǽϣ͵ɢ΢Ĺ⡣
䲻󣬵ܸɾࡣ
һķÿһһˣͷĬĬԷ˭ҲûгԵЩΡ
ڣһԼʮĸŮ¿ӣұߵĶӣݣֺ˴ˣ
ԣ˿̾ĸ㷢ˡҲ¿ӣ˵ͷšһϵĵҲ䡣
ĸüͷһ壬ø˵ҲǺ˵ڼ£ҪǣҪˣҪܡȻҪܣҪй
ŬŬ죬ڶĸһۣҲ֪ʲôֻ֪ǷҾҪ˺ǵ졣
֣ĸЩˣȵǸ˭ѧģ磬ҲûôᣡԼһ˳ԼҵģסԼҵģȻȥԼҶС㣬㣿ʱǵðһҶϳȥ
Ĺĵ˵ҾǿǵʱǰǽӽԺĴӣÿóԺúȹǣҲٸɻ˼ѾźɸһˣǱϰǸ˳ԼҶЩˣֵطҲգ
̫ˣҪǱ˳ȥ￿ʲô׬ǮʲôȻˣöСܳȥô
ݺټĸӡĸһͰģڱĸһ˵һʱû˷ԣֻ૵֮Ҳ硣ţԺҲҪΪһ֣ñ˿𣡡
ˣҳԱˣǳ԰ɣֱ꣬߳˷ӡ
įıӰĸҡҡͷƳһۡ
˼ݶ˵ʲôã˵˸¡
һְĸףҲһĸסһ˵ŮˣҲͬһ·ϳŮˡʮ꣬˵һֻݡɾʱԼԺյӴ˴ˣ򰲼ҡ
ԺռĺӣȻͲΪݸճʱҲȷ֡뱻ɷĻ䡣ԼһƬɽ룬ǴϳСǴĲݣӴΪŸֵ
Լ꣬һֱڿҿңҵҵβֺŮ˲һ·߱һӺݵʡѱˣ´ŴײϵǿȥǺͱ˲ͬҲӲͱ˵ĹȥӲҲԼҵ˶࿴дţ˵ԼĶжӣα˶İĽ֮⡣ʮûٳɼңǰеľϡŬĶҲȷ
Ҳ˵ǶδǼ٣ȷԼҵĳֹϵôӴʮ꿪ʼʮչֳ˾˵츳
ʮ꿪ʼڶء
ʮСɣءɣءΪʱ߹ԼеСΪ徳ʦ
ǵľȻûȫһʱ䣬ʮȻ˻ڰأΪһĻ͡
ֻ츳ٶȲԼ˺䶯ҲȻ󲨡֣ҲȻıŵĹ⻷
ȻˣȻǸϵˣԼܲץסӵ޼ֵǱšԼҼԳɳǰһҽӽԺԼһԴڻҩͻ굤֮Ҫʲô͸ʲôΪ˳׵ΪԼˣԼ۰ĳŮԼҴСоֻǵʱСֻǴɻԼûʽסԱԳɳǶϲ̶ȡ
ʱϴ棬пԼڰͷöˣʲôź
׵ݣʱ𣬱ԸΪ٣־ҲҪһˡ
ΪӸϣӼͥͻȻתϣһ
磬ֻʵ˲ӵеλݣԼ˶أ
ȻϣһԲ֮ҹͻȻزȻº󿵸ˣյ츳ȴȻ޴棬ԭѾصȻ˻صأ޾
ӴĻ䣬ʱ·˼ʮ꣬óĬ
ԼҶһҵ̬Ҳ˴ת䣬ٻ̼仯ΪУȻˣȻ˵ĺӡ
һз·һΣѹ޺ۼ
ΪΣıҲıݡ
ݵӴ˸ӼᶨһҪΪǿˣ𾴣һ˹ʵӣ
ûɵ£ɣǿܲĺҹ˯ǰزٵһԡ
ȻݣҲһֱΪԶڷŬ
ͬҰһΪ˳ɲϣ
ҪΪһͣ壬Ҳν塣Ҫľڲƽ⣬ܳܺ˯ﵽһ״̬Ҳͽһءһأؼһ֡
֮󣬾ҪʼһЩˡ׶ҪͶȺ͵Ѽʵﵽضı׼󣬾ڶˡԼҲõ׼С˭ﵽ׼ˣͻᴫһΪڶغ󣬾Ҫʼһˡ
ﵽڶصı׼˫ܹһٽԾ׸ߵϰ׼ҲĿԺͻԣж᳣һԼĪһٽʯͼһ׸ߵ͡
ݰǰ¶ĿʼʮˣǰɹһءڵҲǳǸڶصı׼Ŭ
ȼ˵Ժľ磬徳ʮأÿһضǲ޴ԼҶСʹӳصߣݲֻһضѣȻĶ֡ÿν֣ݺİ
һ뵽ǸݾΪǵãڸ޵ʱǳֻڶأŸָڸİ²˳ء
ȴ𱨣磬Լ
ʱ̣ڱȲ㡣һֲиһᳬ㡣ʱһ˺Ĺ죡СȭͷյĽģǰѳĿǰͷŵˡ
ɫװǺҹ
ڵֻһҰĹ⡣
з磬΢
߳ӵʱվڷ԰ǰӳԷʱ뿪䣬һֱվ
ݲ֪Щʲô֪һܲܡ
磬һָܻģţߵߣվ
ͷޱ飬ֻǺ޸³֣ν
ԣһɺ⣬һ˵ָо֮УƺĲһܡܣϣ
˭ܳ׶Լ
ˣʵ˭Ҫϣ
ֵݣҾ㣬ԺҪΪҺͱ˴ܣֵá˵ûǸ
ݵ㲻ǣ
ǻǣʵͰ㣬èı죬Ҳ˼ͱ˴ܣѵ˴Ѫʹ𣿼ˣͲҪǿ
磡һɣָɣͻȻзŹ⣬ңһܳɳĸģʱҾͲᰤˣţҵڷܣϸĽ̵һǿģ
΢΢һ㶣ؿһ룬漴ôǿ
ݼᶨĵ˵ͷҲһӱ۸ҲԶǱ˼ҵˣ
ȴҡҡͷ㲻С
ݲȵΪʲôУУҲУ
ߣЦһУʲôΪһضѡͣСˣʮ֮ǰˣһ;ڷ⣬츳ƸܳɣΪûвƸȴ츳㣬ûƸû츳ܳΪˣ
СɣأĽⶼɣƤļţƤļӲ˵Ҳ֮ɱ䣬ʴ˳ΪСɡ׶ΣԳ徳ĸˡ
ɣأ׶εߣ˼£ȫѪҺȻһ£ëϴ裬̥ǣʴ˳Ϊɡ߶Сɣɵȴࡣ׶Σ˳Ϊ徳ʦߣǿĴڡɣȷʵĻš
Ҳ֪Ļȫе˿ڷܣҪ츳ͲƸν츳֣·Ϊ˻ڵģٶȱȳҪƸָЩ츳ƽƽҾܺõˣȴҲԿһЩҩǼֵǵĻ굤ϾҪӪҪǳߣҩͻ굤ڣٶҲġҩͻ굤ǼֵƵݳƷѰ˼
٣ġ
ȻģԶǵ˵һ仰ڡԼû츳ûвƸűȱŬٱڷܣҲһܳɹ
磬ݵͻȻƽ˵ˣҲϣ
ܵ˵һ㶣ɫ˵˵ʲô
㻹ǵ˵һ仰
ʲô
ͻȻҪñ˵ɲ˲ţĸĸҲУ
ı齩סĵܵܡãӹһ˿Ц
˵ʵû츳ͲƸʺ
ˣ˵ˣȥ˯ɡǱݵִжǱݵĵȾתȥʱһ仰
Ҫҽ㣬ܵóɼСڶˣٽʵָһ㡣
ıӰݵıӴ͵ϲٵ˷ܣ˵лл磡һӱڶصģ
˷״̬еȴ֪еѴͷ㻹Ǹµĺӣ֪徳ļѡҪڶأĥǳпᣬҪܵʹܼ࣬ȥ
֪
ֻ֪¹һЩ˯ˡ


002 Գ콵ݶƤ
Դݵõ˸ĳŵԼϢʱ䣬ÿһСʱļ磬ÿŵʱ춼Ǻڵġ
ÿ촩ڸɽϪϣ֡ÿ췴ĸţ¶ףϡһһεľٶեɼһһ岻ʹͣȴǿ֧ż
ÿһ춼ˣݴҲûкۣҲûǰ¶ӡ
ݲ֪ĳ峿β̿ˮȫȴȻֲиССӰʱԵôļǿСӣҪڷܵöడ
΢ı˶ݵĿȴûıʲôΪڰѻڸݣҲǲܹѧġ
ߣȰãﵽڶأǶĪ𺦵ġֻܴﵽ˵ڶأһǡ
ͰСӣؼĽ׶ΣҴһصڶأҲһʱ䡣⡭Ÿո𲽡Եܵܶһ˿
Ȼݲ֪ġ
һһ죬ʱȻš
һĵһ⻹δƲںڰ֮С
ݺÿһĺӻҸ߽ʱϴˢѱ߷ĵϣĵ߳˷䡣
һѡɽ϶ѪǾ棬ɽȥɽĹ̾͵ˡԼͻܲԺɽ϶ȥɽͿԶһɽĶˡ
һɽȻظǼĿʮǿѵ˼⣬ԭССҲЩˡ
̫𣬶ǹâɣһɽСȺɽһССӰɽϻźˮֶڷܾƺںʱܡ
ʱһһĹȥݵûɽûû⣬еֻһһεĸţһһε¶ףһһεĴϢһһεϢ
Ҳ֪˶ãݲһѺվݳ޵ϢһӡԼֻһӶѣһӻǾǶԲԼ
ʱݵı鶼Ϊ棬·ںǸԼԻ
˿ʯͷ£Ѿյ̫
̫Ĺߺۣͣݷ֣ͻȻþ̵һʱ۾
ЩΣַüǰ۾ٴγȥһŻĹâ׹ŹâųĹβٵ½šĽ䣬ݵıΪŻ׹ķ򣬾һɽͷ
ȫĺëжǻ׹ľ巽λæܶܣڻ׹ɽͷǼ䣬˵ڵء
䡪
ضɽҡݾɽҡ˼¡
ôˣȻôֵ£ʲôϵˣ
һҵݻзֹŨҵĻȥ
ɽз磬ܿ챻ɢſǱҳһӵĵطһĶ䶯
ŰͲסĺģСĳȥǰʱһ
оȻһֻ޴Գ
ԳͨɫմѪƤëĺɫԳڴɳ˫ؽһ𣬾ֻԳС̣
ֻԳС̶ûۿ໴ŵľ޴ԳԵ÷ǳɰ
Գﱧẓ́еĸױԼĺһݸܵĪĸԹԡ
Ϊܸܵõ˿̶Գ˵Ҫľ⼸ֻСӡ
ƺܵĸ׹ԵĸȾһ˿ͬ飬ΪѿԳһϢ
̧ͷһ죬̾ôߵˤŹ֡ޱȺ棬⾿һֻԳôУղΧԵĻʲô
棬죬𾪣ҲʵĴԼʱ顣
߽ӣԳԴԣӣιܰʲô
ԭ۾ԳͻȻ˫ۡ۾һŵվΪݿԳ۾ͫײԳ࣬ǡ
ȻûۼԳҲûۼ飬ЩԳ顣
Գ۵һɲǣͫ﷢ѹЩϢ
ͻȻԼ׹ԨܽΪһƬڰںڰ֮УһǵͫĵͻȻðһоѹѵǴ˵е
֪ܣԳ漴ְ۾ˡ
ݺࡱһ죬һſˮٴζ£ڲ˵㡭Ҫҵġ𣿡
𣡡
Գ˫ٴ漴һ춯صŭ𣬾⧲֮£һų׵ָ͵سݵĸȥ

˺ѷεʹʱݵӣԱܵĸСԳǷľ޴ָ׵ؾͽݵƣĶƤѪʱˮ˿ڴӿ
ݼֱţԳȻֶ֣˵Ĳ̣
ԳٶʱȫųĻĹâëȼһ㡣һ̣Գ忪ʼήһԽżӿγһˣ¶һȭͷСĽɫ衣
ⵤͨʽɫϵĹȴǺͮͮģΡ
ԳָץסźͮͮĽ𵤣ҰݱĶƤ˽ȥ
ݺһĻȲֹĻԼƤ·һǷԼϡ
𵤱ݺ֪Ϸ֣ϾȻһЩɫҺ壬˱Գﻮ˿ϡҺ˿ڣۿɼٶˣ
һ̣һɾʹӿ޿̣ʱ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ã۾
ſֻԳԳĿУû֮ǰǵѹ
ȷе˵ԳĿоȻ˰
ݣȻɿֻ֣СڵϣָָЩ̡
ݻȻ˼
ǰݣչ˺ӡ
ݺԥص˵ͷ
ϾԼܿЦԳ֮ǰôֱ÷ָ׻ĶƤȴչ˺ӣƫƫôϵĴӦˡ
ݲݶ룬Գ۾Ȼ徹Լȼ
̼䣬Ϊҽ
ݺʱĳ棬һʱ䲻ɵЩɵˡ
ֱȷԳѾʧݲŻιȥֻС̡
СһＷһ۾û촽һһʮֿɰ
룬ԳﲻҲǻչЩСӵġ
£ʹȻ
ݻѺ̱һɾʹӵԲֹڸ䣬ʹʹ
ٴεȥ
Ȼһεûкܿѹ


003 򵥵ҸᶨΡ
Լһ䲢۵ķһкڴϣͷһԼʮһСŮһСȣΪϵкȷ硣
ٴʱӳýǵס۾ߵжʱ˷ܵĹâԭǵ׶ʱЦһ仨
Сݸ磬ˣ˵ݵãҶ
Ҷŵɫȹϴһһɫĵ׹ͷǱ裬ЦһСѣĹĵĵطһСѣѣǳɰ
һҵĿĹҲһҵı
ܼҾƶСŮûԼСóԺôȴ˿ԼʲôֵѹĵطΪССļͥǹǱĸ״Сǰ䱦Ĺ
СһЩ˸һҸô򵥡
ļҲ󣬳һǳСĿ⣬ֻС䡣˯һ䷿˯һ䷿ʣµһ䷿ݺҶͬʹˡԣҶСҲΪ׽ġ
Сݸ磬û°ɣݲӦҶüͷǵʵ
ǼһĨЦݣû¡ףôԼɽϵ¡ģһΣ
˵Ҷ¶Цݣû¾ͺá㻹ûлﵣ㣬ôȥ㣬ɽϱ˻˵һ͸֧ͻˡõģ˵ˡ
ɽϡݻĿȻ¹ϵһС
ݵĿ⣬Ҷ˹ӣЦС磬㿴СӺÿɰ˵СӾͻ赹ԱߣͰһˡ
ʵҼǵúֻ
Ҷ˵˵˵ˣֻֻˣֻʣһֻš
СľǾԳʾǸ⡣ڻһֻţȻ̫ãҲڲһͿ
ҶӣЩۣϢˣչһϣǧˡ
ã㲻ʹˣ
̫ˣ˵һ˵û¡
ã˵꣬Ҷһ̵ܳȥˡ
ҶԶŴӴΪѵһ͸оȫ³һɼĵӿ
ſڵϣ˸ţƽʱһֻٶһξһǧеޱȾȣһǧ˿˿ƣһȫ֣һǧٸһǧٸ
ڣþǲ֡ʱȫȣԭþƺֻһЩܵＫ޺Ǳÿѵﵽ̺ͣ¡Ϊֻ֪дﵽļޣѵŻЧ
ȻκȴͬݸоȻȫȣȵĸΪʱͻȻǾԳһȭͷСĽӲĶʱ˿̣ǿŽ𵤷·ڻһ˿˿ҺڽѪҺȫݸоԼʧȥˣ·Ҳ˲ǿһ
ĳֲ˼뷨͵͵ӣ˷Ӷ԰ǰĵطʯ顣
һʯǰǵ˵ǰʯһٶʮȻһٽܰ˵Ѿﵽڶصı׼
Ȼжͷ£˫Ĵʯ࣬һҧ͵վ𣬰ʯ
ԭΪӦòɣ޷ɣû뵽ǣȻɵذһٶʮʯûȫ
ҡڶˣ
¾ˣʯ£ߵԱһ֮ǰʯҪһʯǰ˿ڿˮٴζ£ͼȥԼٽʯ
˫ƻʯ֣
ʯһαݾ
ʯǾˣ
ô£ҵȻô࣡ݾȵԼѵڷĽԣôڷܣҲֻǿѵʮѡѵǽǡǽҩ
ϲû˺棬Ȼ벻ףҲȥ룬ϾԼǿ嶤ʵ
Ϊ֤Լڶأݼһ֦֮䣬Լ׸ߵλáվ֦£ڵش˼ûܣֱһԾ
ڿһԾ֦
ž
ƽȵأ²һ֦һ졣
ݵϣֳ˷ܵЦݡ
ڶءˣ
ʱͻȻоʶžһ죬һůԺӿʧǲԺĳһ
ݼǵ˵һڶأͻ޳һӡԺΪÿһӦ޳һӡ㡣ЩӡԼյĻУ
ȻӡÿһΪ޳һ徳һصʮأҲֻ޳ŸԼȻ˷ѵ͵ȵĻϡһ㶼ţպѧõĻʹá
룬Ӧþӡɣ
뵽ԼȻ޳Ķݲһ˷ܡ
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˼˷ʱͻȻоʶһ죬ͬĸоٴݡ
ݵɴ۾粻˵徳ʱΪÿһֻ޳һӡô޳

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Ѿڶأ˿ûзɶԼҪȻΪԼ涨ʱ𴲣ϴˢһΪҶǺñ߿ıӣ뿪ȥ
ҹΪ͵͵ļԼɹЩˣʹ졣죬ҪúøڶصĸоԼԽǽĶԽǿң֪̽ʶԽС
ݵξͶǿһʷѧһ׵еĿ͹ۣʱڵݣһѧͬɫˡ
ݽû˳߳ӣһɫӰԺӾվţƺȴ
˰ɫ·Щʪ⣬Ͼ¶飬ȥѵ˺ܾá
ݾô
תעݣ˵εɽϣ֪жൣ𣿡
Ȼɽ¸룬κˣΪЩԼûƶ˼飬˵Ҳ϶û˻š
ݵǸ⡭ʱˣˤһӡ
Ҳ̬ͣȺֻܼ㣬Ժˣ
ҪȻ޷ܣΪʲô
ΪңҲΪԼҪԲġ
зִģҲεˣ
УݰɣҲȥġ
̬ȼĸףҧĸײĿ£ͻȻҵΰ
ƫٿƺԼ
ҲǲΣֻ֪ûҪ
һû˻ţͬʬһ㣬û˿壡ҪҪľʣ˸֮֮Ķĸ˵ûа쵽£һҪ쵽ҪüͥԣҪĸ׹ϺӣҪκøĲ
ŶӵȰ˵ɫûκα飬һʱȻǱ˵ġ
ʵĲʲôϵ
ȻйϵݵҪǿߣ׬Ǯܻ𾴵ݡʱҵĲƸѵҲκø粡ˣҷǾ͵Ƿϣһ˾ôƶĻţһӶԼҵˡѵϣҺ͸磬ҶԺһԶԼҵ𣿡
һȻݵĻ﹥ߡǸĸףںľŮҲǵݵ塣ȴˣ취κĲֵԺͰѲ˵˵ˣ
Ȼû뵽һ㣬ʱվ
ĸ׵飬֪ĸױԼ˵ˣæȴ˵㲻Ƕ˵ڣֻҪڷŬֲиһܳɹģİɣ
ԱϣѸٴĸܹһ̵뿪ӡ
СݡعȥʱȻѲлӦˡ
ɫӣ˼ǧʱϬӰӺڰ߳ݵݳ徢ҵ껹Ҫǿסġ
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СӵҸеЩ졣һֱΪֻǸСӣˡȴû뵽Ȼרע֮ܳԺ㡣
ߵߣſֱ۱סĸףж̫︣ˡǸĸףֵܵĽ̻Ƕʱ̼ģǶʧġݲᣬҡҲᣡ
ǼᶨĿǣſεӣƤ𪣬Ӣ档۽һԲεĵ̣ȴڸǲסӢݡ
ǵ̣Щܡڴ󲡺Ļ䣬ͳݣһץסвֹǵ⻹һ̺ۡ
ǰĿĶӣȻãĿѲǺӣѳΪ˼Ķ
ѾĳΪһô


004 Բ޵ү
Ϊ˼еڶصĸоݱûȥ·;ԶɽƽﳣϪϡʱҲȫǿҴһʴ˵ڶصĸоȴҲǺһţϡ
ЩеԼǿࡣɵһǧţּϡһɫģʱǺ䤱ˮ˳¶ķϡڶغļΣһֱۺǰļԵ÷ǳ׳
ʱȫճķȣҹĸоһȵݡűһҺůѪҺӵȫ֫ʱʧȥˣǿ
ʱѾȷԼܿٵĽڶأľǾԳ𵤵İǽ𵤺ܿĳ鵤ҩֻؾԳĳԼʱͷųҩԼգӶﵽ°빦Ч
һǼ񵽱ˡǾԳʱҪɱңڰңչ˺ĺӡ
صľԳʲôأ㵹벻ס
һ󣬴ʱ̫Ѿ߸𣬳ȵ¶
һԶĽŲݶ⣬ʱֹͣŽŲķ
һ㿴һԲӰͬһǰ
Ӵүˡ֦ԲһֲֻǱǰվϢ˵
Ц޵үһ˵ĶӣܲԼүôɣ
ݣֻ֪ԼȴѴӦѵ¶ˣ
ԣݵǽ˵ûȫĵĳУ¶ûзҪ˵ʲôӦ˵£ǻпܵġ
ݽʵҡӦʲô
ֱףغȵǼһεСӦҵ֧ߣΪźģ˵ţӴӿ㶵óһźɫչ澹дţ޵УģҰ㣡
˵ţӰǺɫݸݣʱȺоͰſΪź
ݺ
εɫʵô⣿
૵ⲻ󡭡иССҪ󡣡
ʲôҪ󣿡
ܲܰҰȥ
УӼֵǵ㾦֮ʣɼүҶô
ΣֻǿӦ˭Ǻѡ
СӺͬ꣬С·ݣԼСүԼҼԳɳǵĸԼĵĶӣ޵С
Ҫ˵һСүһ֮ӣôΪأԭ
һΪϹԼİĽĴġϲ룬ȻݼڣĺҲ˴˵ĺӼʱҲͶһЩ
޵ȻүǸ̫ܴүΪԳɳǵŵûУȱ̫ࡣ˵óֺУѧҪΪ֤⿴޵Բ壬֪Գɳλүүľûԩӡ
ڣ޵һ˲Ƕһ޼ɣηڷܺѧꡣʴԳɳҲգٻͿˮϣһֺеĸ
Ҳзͼǿʱ޵оԼȻ֣һεСĺϸ񣬽ڶأͨĳõ影Ļ
ʵҪǣСһΣһΣһΣ޼ɺηСһءⳡСԼ֧Ժ֮еСΨһԼֱϵСһɶΪֱϵ˵ģûϣͷ֧˶ȥԳɳǿ϶޹ġ
޵ĵģݺĶѱʾͬ飬к֣صĶʾǡ
Բģôܾһٽӡ
ðɣܾһٽԲģôԾ׸ߵϰ
޵е߰ɣСʱͿʼˣ
šȻҪӦѵ¾һҪݺˬĸˡһ룬ԥ
޵һֻץһ˵ӣӦҵģɲܲȥ
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޵мУ

ʱԼҵ䳡ϣʱ½½ۼˡȻμӿ˵ľͶʮСѣʮʮͣ󲿷ֵ˶ЩӵļҳԼһЩԼˡ
ʱڵ̫Ͷǽӽʱ򣬻б䳡ϣǶǱɹͷ󺹡
䳡棬һͤͤľïʢͤڵĳзʢˮ裬һѾŴźţȻͷ󺹣Щ⣬˯
ͤˣȻԼҼԼǡ
ͤ䳡ڷͭƵĿнСһΪʮһٽһʮͭľ׮һ׸ߵϰһ׿˵Ĺˡ
ڶصı׼ǾһٽͭԾ׸ߵϰڷͭҲȻĵǾһٽˣԳһʮͭһˣĿ⣬пԳɳǵ¸õӡλ࿴õĻμСʱ򣬾ǵ־һʮͭԳɳǼվţӶӡ̡
ǰʮͭЩٲһٽûкϸˣһһܷʮܾ˵ڶҲ̫ԶˡʮﶼٲǾûʲôϣˡƽ̫裬ʵû츳
ͭԶĵطڷѸͭһٽһٽһһǧصı׼òˡ
أҲأΪڶغ͵صɣϰ˻ʱڣ˫־һǧǾңΪصˡ
׿˷ʽԼ˺ܶ꣬Ƕ֪ڿǰ˵߻߶߶䷳˵һ顣
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ձȾķǳ֡
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һ꣡Ҳ˿һꡣұǺõ㣬ֻ˰ꡣʲôꣿš
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ݵĺȻ˲Ŀ⣬˲ЦյĿ⻹޵ϡϾĳ˵ǽǡ
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005 ݾٽ
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ţݸжص˵ͷû뵽޵оȻô֧ԼԼԼ֮ǰ޵еĲΣЩ졣
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ԼԺ֮ɫȻ⣡˽Ŀˣͻᱻ崫ڻĻɱճﻨǮĻҪã˵ôܲأ
֣ǻԵ˺Ȼ˹һǰ˽Ŀˣܻü影ĻҲһֱҪ˵Ӧң˾ͽңܿԼʵõĻǸ
ۼ˾Ҫճݲٺͳ죬æ޵ʵ޵үܲμӿ𣿡
ͻȻһʣ޵Щɻ˵㣿ȻаͳһԼԺˣܲμӣ㵱ȻҲܲμӡ
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ͷǵġ
ЦǾûϵˣֻҪǻҾͻ
ţԴÿһ߶ԻءߵǰסֻȫĻսڽһս
۾ϲ磬Ըң
Ц˵ֻҪأҾͻҵģѵˣܵܿĲɣ
̫˸磡һѽס
ߣԵֻû뵽СӾȻôͷȻٽͭˣЩԾɹǲһ㣬ҵСˡ
磬㵱굥־ͭ磬Сһѡ
ˣϻ˵ڰסӰơ㿴㿴ϸˣ
Աϣһǰ趯˫Ƽ߰ߣð˫ƻ䣬Ӱ˸ֱ治һ棬һǼ١
ݿʱͻȻͽһƻȥȻֻǸն򣬲ûݵ塣
ݷӦʱǰȴӰãȴʱһ
⡣
æתʵ磬ʲôʱҺˣ
һЦЦҲЦôӲǻӰƵİ֮Ʒ鶯ƮƷ磬ƷƣǿߣܴϰٵǧõӰպÿӰܸ˺һٵӰǾһƵĹǳԵ
ɺ˲һƣȻӰڻƵ˲任λ򵽵ֻĲӰǷأȴԴһλٴζνǹؼ汸Ȼֻһǻˣǲȶǻ
ȷѾˡղڻһƺӰʧ׻ľڡ
ղſ𣿡ʵ
Żعûûȫ塣
ٴ򼸱飬㿴ˡ
á
ǣϪֶһӰӰԾȥñĳϪ濴ֵˡ
һʱ֮Ǽ׻񵹻ãǴ졣
ĲúţսСȭͷ˵һҪڷܵճΪǿߣκøĲøָŵĹ⻷


007 СۣС
úɣһȥϢˡ֧׼ˡ
磬һһ̡ܲٲͣȴҪʵ˺ܾá
˿ʯ£˵ɡ
ݵ㲻˵ڶغ󣬾ͻ޳һӡ𣿡
üЩţæΪôʣѵû޳
ǵǡݵֻʡ룬ӡȻûпܣе޳
ն˵ܡ徳ʱΪÿһͻ޳һӡǧеܽĶֻͻʮأоÿһŻ޳ӡ
มݵ˵ͷ
ӡǳ󣬿˵ǻĶǧҪʹá
˼üëڲأЩ⣬̤̤ʵʵҴصֻһ£ҪΪţǾͼͰɣ
ʵǽأ
͵ʱڽ

ţֻҪ˵ɣˣӴ
ֻһ𣿡
ȻЦˣЦвЩ⣬ϣֻҪһͳˡЩεģֻĻţڽʱܻмԽ࣬˵ԽãҲԽáԼҴү޼ɣڽʱ
޵ֲö˵ԼСɫߡ
ݻδ˵꣬ҵʱ
ס
ݵļ磬վúɣͬѪҲȥƾʮٽͭ˵츳Ҳˡ֮ǰ˵û츳Сˡ
˵ţƣԶȥ
ıӰԽᶨġ
ӱ
ƻ裬
еϼϪˮȾһɫ
Ϫϵ꣬ǽƣ
ȥɡ춼ôˣԻȥˡ
һΣѡӰơ͡һΣԲϢԷ˯
ĵĿսʤԼٴ
ʱѾľˣĽ𵤷·ʼڻһҺѪҺȫǣϤĸоٴӿͷݾֻˣǿˡ֪ǽڷҩЧ
ҩЧٶ
˵õֻһ飬һʮ飡
⣡
һȭβʱͻȻһಢڴ˳æƣǰЩ졣
ڷǽ
⣡
ݻ˼֮ʣһڴ
ˡ
⣡
⣡
⣡
ţֱȴãѴһƽ֮£ȷҲûᷢʱݲųĺ


ݴʱı飬ֻݡ
ղǽ˵ҽأǰҲŽڶأھͽ˵أţҲһ£ֻ죿
Ľ죬죿
ǲģˣǲǽ
ݵɲûгãΪϸӦʶžһһӡˡ˵ȷȷΪ뵽ˡ
ţž
ϴεһ޳ӡֻһϴξȻ
ݳԭء
ãȻ૵񵽱ˣļ񵽱ˡǽ𵤾ʲôܰ޳˱ȳ˸ӡȫǽ𵤵Ĺͣ⣬͸һҲǻţ
ͷɻݾȻ¿㲻ѣһͷԽϪˮԼѹ
úϪðһԴ
ǸԴУŻȻĹ⡣
벻׵ľͲҪˣҽ嶤ʵ޳ӡҲʵʷЩгɾ͵ĴﲻĻԵҪڷܵԲиЩ벻׵£ͰǶԺ󣬵ȵʵˣȻͻ֪ģ
ݣѾȻ

Žصϲûصٵĳ극󣬱ص
ҹ飬ݷǳõϰߡ
ӲΪһȫֻԷʲôΪһ˱뻹Ҫ֪ʶһǵʲôѧʣҪһ֪ʶʷˡ
ǰ͵ƣһΪ̫սʵ¼顣
ĽŲ˷ĳ΢΢üŶҶüͷ漴չ
ҶӣʲôôŰݰָҳʵҶһЦݺ󣬱Ӧòʲô¡
ҶеӷϣЦСݸ磬Сӵ۾ڶӾͿҪ۾ˣ˵۵һۿĵһ׵Լĸĸ㡣
ǺǣҲһ𣿡Ц
ҶСǿɲУϣʺϵְ֡
ţк𣿡ָͷҪƣҶˣæӣЦ֮ǱҴ
˻˻
ּ䣬﷢һĽ
ֹ֣ͣͬʱƫͷֶһۣԴӻش˹ȥ
ͻȻ䣬һСԴ̽˳

ʱһ𣬱СԴһ
СԴȭͷСĺ۾ռ˴Դһգһգģǳɰ
ݲ˰ѺⲻǸСõô𣿡
̡ĺ졣
ҶСؿڣղźСݸȽеİɣ
һ죬ϼսСӣֻСӻͨɫǴɽľ޴ԳһմϵѪëĺɫ
һֻȫɫСӣ
á֣СӴк
˻˻СŴĺ۾һֳҶȥͻȻһQֱݵϣȻһQԾ˼ϣСԴĥݵĲӣŪġ
Ǻǡ
Сٺ٣ȤҶһЦţ·С˳
ڽý
Сӷ·öҶĻȥˡ
˾СˣţﲻʱֵЦ
͵ƣ谵
ϵĻɫСӣݺҶ˴۵Сۡ
ݿڵСǹ죬Ÿո۾ܱʢ㿴Ȼ
ҶͷСȷĺڲͬпͨĶǻҲ˵أ
ޣ
ͷһɽϵԳȫðŻ⣬н䣬ͨпΪ׵Ļأ
ޣǸͨһִڡǺһӶΪһߡƺүĳڻ棬еĻ˸߱츳кܶһΪпһӶġ
֮޴ǿء
ɵĴڡ
ܰɡ˼˵
ǲǣѰǵ׵ˡҶ۾һСݸ磬ȡְɣ
šͽСɣݵ
Ҷҡҡͷ̫ͨˣҲ̫ûˣá
ơţ漴ɽԳﱬѿ˵ǾͽСɣ


008 СС
ССãͽСҶȲСӣЦС̣ԺͽСรΰĴڣҿร
һԵתȥɢ˵ˣ˯ˣºС˯ĵطͽ㰲ˡ
ܼ򵥣С˯һ˯м䣡
á
ڴϣȻ۾ȴһСϸ죬ŻڶСã˼
䷿ԼסѾܼˣֶһֻСӡСҪԺ͸Ӽˡ
ټϣѾʮˣ󣬼ഺڡഺںŮӣǻ£˽¡
ٺԼסһ˯һŴϿ϶ǲʵġ
ǣȻҶӵһϾŮ
ǰھĻĽġʱأַգһʲôǵˡӴҲﵱԼһݺҲ׸硣
Ȼû˵ʲô֪ǲ׵ġ
ϾŮӼҼҵ䲻˵ĸҪһ˽˵Ŀռ䣿
һ뵽ˣսȭͷﰵķģһҪŬԼǿԳɳ񵱳ӸԼһ˾лᱻӽԺסǸסһĴլӡ
ʱҶӾԼСˡ
ţݾ˯ˣϻһ˿ᶨ

ϤĸɽɽȻǸϤӰϤϪϣҲȻǸϤӰϤĴ֣ȻǸϤӰͬǣЩϤĵطϤӰ⣬һİӰ
ӰСʱʯϻQϹսʱΧתȦʱԾļͷѧģȭ
һˣһ
ݺС
ССһԭΪ׸ͨСһͬȥݲŷصС쳣Ĵ˵ʲôȻ˵Ʊ˼ɵǣǳܰݵķԸȥ
ʱţݴһ˿Ȥݵôζ
ݶСѴӶԾԳĳŵҪΣݱʵϲˡ
ǣӴϤĵطֶһϤӰ
֪ȥԲ֮ҹֻˡ
ݸܵջ޴ÿ֮󣬶һǿĸо·ÿһЧԡ
ͲסĪ飬ҹɫԼҵ䳡
䳡ȻڷͭСùġ
վٽͭǰڽϸһִٽͭ߹һǧͭǰ
ƺܵݽľٶСݼ˺˼˫ֳڵϣɫ۾ݡ
ݻ˫ץסͭˣȫļ͹𣬶ͷҲð
һȥȥȥ
͵һͭ͵Ȼһףͣ˫һ٣˫΢ţһǧͭٹͷ

أǧ
ؽͭ£³¶ϲЦݡ
ÿʱȱţšݣСС
Ѽ̫࣬û˽ڶʱ־ȣ˱óࡣ
ˡСɣֻһ
žʱʶ޳ӡ𡣽ţ
žžž
ֱȷֹͣˣݲһ޳ĸÿһͻ޳һӡѵ޳ӡķʽΪģ
ѾӦԣûϾᣬңԼԺķ򣬵ɣëϴ裬Ϊʦٽһ˳Ϊ͵ʸԼұضҹĿ࿴ӴһңܹϺˣ
ɣƤǡ趼£˵Ǵӡ徳ʦһа١ٽһڰأǾͳ̵ʸΪĻֻӵл˲ʹáҲֻӵͷų
ҪȻҲһڷܵḶ́ȴһ¡
ҪΪͣһ򵥵¡
Իͣǵס
žžž
˼ʱȴû뵽СȻһԹ
ͨԵСӡ߹ȥʼ磬С⣬һԾֱԾݵļͷ
ע⵽ϸڣݰޣСɲǰҪҼϣҪϽھȻֱҼˣǲ˼顣
˻˻СĽţȻ֪ʲô˼óܲ

գʱǰɽˡˣĹҪæͻȻúбҪȥĸסȻܸĸ״ʲôĸͬǵһĸףĸͬǰҲӵġ
Ͼÿһʱ˵ϼ仰⣬Լĸ׼ʱ仹ǲࡣ
ٿ̿࣬ڷܵҲܰĸ˰ɣ
ݴСԺϴ·ȥ
ݻûʼʱϴ·Ǿġһ֪СӵƤԼǻߡǵʱڿٵĳɳУճŸŵ
ɵʽϴ·ûˡ
ԼȻ󣬵ȥϴ··ǲǵġһϴ·ߣһСžÿһط֪䣬ѵϴ·⡣
ݸ׼һغķʽǳԴ˻ȡϴ·ǵĿģһԶüͷĵض⡣
˭ϴģô࣡棬ôһ͹ȥССһ٣ǶСѣҲ̫Сˣӣϴ·㸺ģǲ㣬Σ
üͷһ壬ǳϤ

˵ﴫĸ׵Ҳãϴһ顣
뻰һĸ˵·Ҽǵãϴġϴû͹
Ӵǣ˼Ƕүԩˣ
סǴˣæûûУûϴɾϴ·ΣͶү޹ء
һүʱ˺ܶ࣬ͻȻ·һţǰˮݺһңʱһˮˮǡ
ŮǶʱ궯Ǵ˺ȵǸʲô붯ִ˲ɣ
׶˵ҾǴǣզΣҪǿ̬Ⱥãÿ˶ˮϴ裡һȺӣ²䣬Ұ˼ͶүҶ죿ʵϴ·ȥ
Ҳû˵ʲô˲ˮˮ·˽ȥ
ߣЩϴˣҰȡʽҲ÷ˣתˡ
ʱæһԣû֡ȭͷĿֱ죬βųȥˡ
뿪󣬷궯
Ǵ˴ƣԳʲôүǹūţǸӣʺһܰǰˣҪлᣬһƨһƼ
١ƽ´ʾ͵״ڹ֮˵һЩƶӣϴ·ǵĿĹ˵ôһΣȴûһЦó
·١㣬ˣ˵䡣
١˵ĵغạ̲̃ˡ·ϴɾˣȡߺŪģȴߵϣǿɶ񣡡
Ǿ֪أڵƣ˵ҲԽǺŸɣԿĻǡ
١˵ҪǴûԲҶ
һԵĸ˵ҪиĶӣһøѳָˣȻݺݱһ٣
ˣ١룬˵СͨСҾٽͭ統㲻СҲǻţ˵׼ҪкӹˣʱҲ
ûд𻰣Ը˷˷۾ȴôţҲȫȥҰɣүҲ̫ƽˣ
١˳ԸƳһۣȵ㲻˵û˰㵱ưͣ
ЦЦˣϽɻɣʱȡ·ҪǽҪˡ
١Ĳ鲻Ըһˮǰ̾СС;ôﵱҰʱôͳŪˣҪǵðι󡣡
Ҳ̲סЦ


009 С÷⣬ݴ򹷺ʹ졣
ԺͨԺСȥԺ£ϴ·ѡһССĶʯһЩʯ̳ɵ·˲С
̸ﻨ㣬Ҳˡ
ʱʱ֣ܶ˶ڷݣСϱֻгһߡŸ裬ĶСȻлģȻղϴ·гɾͺʹС
֪ǣСϲֻһˡ
ү
ƺһ㶣ϸֳԺ֮ɫ֪ںԼԼҶСĹԼһķˮ𣬲νԺԼĹϵԼֵܺһЩҲŪԼң齨ԼŵԼܹܵĴΡ
Ͼᣬ֪µ˺һүԼȷ֣в˶ʼ
תͷĸūԼ쵹ʹ죬һҲԵԼ
תסˣΪǰ˲Ӧһˡ
ЩӣЦݵ˵ԭݰôҶүʲô°
รҲûʲô¡ݵͷתԴǺܺ棬֪ūʲô£ȻҲ䵱ү
ݵҲƽ֮ɫɾ⸱µģóԽŭΡ
üͷһݣ˭㵨ˣûȥ鷳㵹ˣ
ݵҾ˵һ仰ҪҵĹͷӲȭͷӲھԣ
ЦԭСƤˣҪүҸɹǰ
ǰǺ鷳˶ү
ͻȻŭˣȵݣ㲻ҪΪԼڶأ־ٽͭĿˣҰǰͽأΪùң
΢ЦȻôģ֣
Ҳ޷ˣģԽԽ򣬶ʱ𣬻˫ȭȥŭȵûˣҾǰˣҲû˵ȥģҵģ
صʵǻʵģѸٵľͱǰڣȭһӣĿֱӾݵ
ͻȻ̧ͷĿעų
㲻ܣͬȥȭĿǳȭͷ
ȭƴȭ
ٶдЦЦ޴أأǿֻˣʲôлϣսʤȴѡƴȭ޴ľص˺صƴȭû
ǳ˲ּӿȭ٣ѾȲҪƴȭˣһȭХųݴȥ
ž
ȭײ
ǣ
ͷѵ
ţСһĺС

еģѱɳȥĳ
أ߱һȭȥȻûȫҲʮ֮ߡٽڳȭͷϣߵֹǴ飬ƷʮԶ
һͷˤڶʯϣԴڶʯһײʱͷѪ
ûлֻǼͨһȭͽ򵹣ʧȥ˼ս
ʤ֮е£ʤȴ֮⡣
ݿ˿ԼմѪȭͷЩȻȻصֲܿԼղҲ̫ˡ
ԼʱĽ죬ΣΪÿһΣҲҪ
ء
ߵſڵصĳǰһŲԴϣϷʵĿǵүû뵽нɣ
ȻһȭֹǣԴҲˤƣлѡū츳ʽæүүү۲ʶ̩ɽ֪˼˲¶డСģСİ
ޣûӣŭĹҸ̵㣬㲻𱨡۸ҲͰˣȴȥǸʵˣֺˣ
ҴˣҴˣҲˣһĭһѪĵ
㵱ȻңҪٸǣ´ҾԲ㣡ҪΪжСΪܺΪ㣬ѾأҵٶȣضܵԼӣңԿ㣡
ǡˣһˣԺȫģȫģ
ߣݴӱݺݺ߳һתȥ
˹ǲСҴȥᡣ
ŴҡȥݣѵԴѪҲģǳǱ
ϵ۸ӣʹ࣬ǾǷŭ
񶾵Ŀⶢȥķ˵ݣСĳһҪôǿˣֿҲˬԼңһҪ취ȥ
ʱѪͷڳ۾ϣֵС
̯һʱɫҰף󺰵ѪһѪ˭ң죡
Ժȥ
Ǻ

ͳվˡ
ǵĴǰѽڶǽڴڵشա󵽻ʵ۳Ӿٹ죬С·߲ؤɢؤȺľһƾ۲ͣ˼硣
СС򣬵ճҲԶƽǸֵĵطѽڵַǷ
̵ֵ֦Ϲ˻ƣ̺ҲƮһɵĻСȺӵƯˮϣɷǺÿϽִֵڰ˵˵ЦЦָָ㡣
ԼЩϵĴ󻧴壬ڸǰΪʩ࣬ڽֵΪʩСС±Ҳ˴ķ緶
̫ƽʢǺõģҲѶĵطҲѳ˳˵ĳ
ѽ֮գǲȥΪƷڳ˼˼磬Щȥˡ
һҾƶԣһŮΧһһ;úҸˡ
ֻСͥЩͬǣһֻǳʱһСᣬÿ˵϶һɫ·ڵʲô
ݣʱ͵͵Ҷȥɫӡ
һȣŽСݣʱͦģֽڶأԵ⡣
ݼżȣԼûԣ͵ҶҶӳԣϲԼˡ
ڲﵷڣ΢Цģһԣܳš
รԣô˼ȡЩ겻ᡣ
ʱֹš
극һ˲ûϽֿ֣ܽϹڵգһ˰һӣԺ¡
輸ϣһӣһˮ򵥵
ֻ˴̸̸ݣͦӲȻ
ʱӲš
ѽ
ڣһ۵ľգҶ
룬ݺͬʱվõǵĿ⿴ҶϵȻſڵʹĽк
봹ͷ̾ˡ
Ҳ̾ҶҪܿˡ


010 »굤
Ĭֻţ¶˸УȴǱκ˶Ҫܡ
ݳһۣＫζΪ֪ʹҶʹȴҶֵһ˶׼ΪȥԲ֮ҹҲһΡ
һ꣬Ҷűһһ˼£ҪȹһĿ˵ĵһʱŵĹâ֣һҲӽԺܺãܵҲҪࡣ
ɾһ˿ĵʱҶͻȻˡͺͽһȫʹϸ¶·ķ⿴ȥῴһͬһƤƤʱʱģǳˡ
Ҷ߼ˣҪֲӳУÿԲ֮ҹͻ᷸һûˡԸ⿴ܿ࣬ʱѾ޳˻ûΪҶơ
ãûĿ£ҶʹˡûãҶٶȶ񻯣ͻȻһĿѪ˹ȥ
ڶ죬ҶûˣȴڴԼɴΪ֣ȻûΣգһʱܺ϶ദһ״Ѿ
֪ºԳɳҲҲЩסû취ֻաӴԺűɷһ겻
ֻ֪һҹ֮Ϊˣȴ֪Ϊ˵ԭ
֪ڵʲôӣĮǹƧǲ𾴵˻
ΪӣΪ˾Ҷá
һ˼µã
ݺȻĮ飬ʵһȵˣ飬ʲôҪء
ΪֻҪ϶ҶŮôҶã
֪ڷҶȻʹ಻ѣʹ
ȥһ죬ȵס
ݲ̸ٿȥҲĸģҶᱧԼȥ磬ұҶӻطϢˡǶϢɣţҲﲻ
ҪҪʲô취᲻°뵣ǵ˵
ҡңû£ÿҡʹͺãġҶܶ£ݻмѵ˵
벻ٿȥæƫ
Ҳͷֱ߻Լķ䡣
УݰҶڴϣȼ͵ƣغڴͷҶӣҪʲôܺ˵䣬ȣǶǿʣҪϸң֪𣿡
Ҷ۾ѵص˵ͷͷǺ顣
ëҶȴСŮϵƤҲһɫʹ಻ѡ
οãҶӣģ粻ʹõġŬȸΪͺһҵΪβķǧҪ˯𣿡
šҶСĴӦ
ʱһһĹȥҶʹȴû˿٣ǿơ
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Сȥӽû취ˣ
СһûݵģҶץסҶָһҧȥ
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ȻûСΪСҶָҧȥͬʱҶϵıһͣʹɫʧڰ
ݴſССȻҶָģ˱Ҷָﴵ
⡭ǸʲôȻ棬֪СʲôҶûнкˣҲûʹˣҲûȥֹСľٶ
ȥӣСɿҶ֣ҶȫʧƤָ˹ɫȻǺѿȴûкʹˡ
Сݸ磬ûˡҶ˵
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ǵȥΪˣõĶûô졣
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ڴϵҶ΢΢һЦʱӹһ˿ȣˣ
ԼûŪԭȻСղŵľٶ˵˵ͷˡ
ʵôõô죿
ҡҡͷҲ֪Ҷʹˣǲתɣ
ߵԣеĺӣݵҪ˯ˣǵúúÿá
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򿪺ӣһ״ȥӵĺɫӣкܶɿݵҩġ
ҩѪҲΣԵѪкܴãȥ˳ԡ
ѪҲΣݾǰѪҲΰ˵ѪҲΣһһǻ굤ҼǵðǰԼҴС͸һˣѵǸһֱûð
˵ҵһѪҲκõġҲǰãðɣ
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ʲô˵ˣͰ˵ԱϣѪҲΣͷҲص뿪䡣
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Ҷ˵ͷллСݸ硣
ٴΰѲĿСϣ߰ϣһ˫۾ֱĶ
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Сգգ۾ݣĿһ׳һ
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С˵СԴ
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СҡҡСԴ
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СҡҡСԴ
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Сԥһᣬ˵ͷ
ݶʱ¶ЦЦ̫ˣСȻһǻ޶Բԣ
СûҡͷҲûͷ
ֵ㻹СһľңҲ֪Լɡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôŵκҶӣҲ϶κҶӶ˵ĸ磡
Сȥһ˼ģûеĵ˵ͷ˼Ǿǿһԣֵֻһԡ
̫ˣֻĺӣָСۡ
ߣǼҩȥõ飬ݰľӼҸ߳䣬СҲ˳ϡ
ݰװѪҲεľӷϣСغԣԼȥҼҩ¯ӡ
׼ɺݻعͷȴǺѾ򿪣ѪҲβˡ
ٿԱߵСӹĹĵģﻹھ׽š
ѽܹһְֻסͷǺӣϲӰСǸҶβģ³
ֻһյϷȴû뵽Сſ죬һҪѳԽȥҩ³ӡ
Сȷҩ³ˣ³ĲѪҲΣСָСͮͮɢźĵ衣ı澧Ө͸ܿڲһ͵ĹâԵ÷ǳƮ졣
ⵤ裬Ͽͼʱһǡ굤


011 СɣƷɡ
С˵ͷָָ굤ָָݵ죬гڴ
ָԼıӣʵ˼ǣҪҳ
Сͷ
ǸҶӵģôܳԣ
Сצӣ굤ָָֿ⣬ָָݡ
ݶˣһһ˼
굤ȥ
ô󣬵һηû굤ָܣͷ·һϴ̫ųԡȫڵ·𶼱ʵϴһߣһܡ
˼СΪʲôѪҲγ˺³굤ԭ򣬱оȫһɴһֲͷųȥʹĸоȻӿͷ
æӳȥһסӰơִһס˫־죬³һ
һŨ
ٴθԼ壬ʱһͻȻ֣ԼƤԱɫһȥ͹ⷢͭĸоԷоԼĽǣֹӲǿ˺ܶ࣬ǡӲ
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ݰԾ굤ȻҩҵһηãЧȻ˵ĺãȻСˣ
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ڵѾҿ϶СԲͨСӣǺɽԳһĪֻͨСûг󣬺ܶûֳ
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ͻȻܵԼǰ;һƬããڰѰҳ·Լڿ⡣
˫ϥڵϣҹĻµԲ£оĿϡ
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Ȼ󣬵֪ЩСϸϣҪ㣬ҼԲܲԱ
˼䣬ȻܵһХƷͿĦͷȥСѧģϰƷ
΢΢һЦ˵СһСʹƵģܻͻȻЦˡ
Цɫ𾪣
СƷǻӰƣ
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ѽӵСȻҴˣæ˺󼸲ʹӰмܡһһͬƷ
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𶯣϶˵֦ɳɳɳţҶǱһƻĵطһݽȥӡ
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֪ʲôֻ̹Ҫһ׻ʶͻһֻҪԼһ룬ͻ֣Զ޷ǡ
ҪǣǶĳɵĻжӣͿ԰ѴʶӡӳڻУӦĻΪһ壬ô׻ʹᱶ
һ뵽ˣӰȻֻһǻƷǳҼӳһӡԣ
ͷԺһ֣˵ĻӡǻĶǧҪá
ݿʼԥ
ϵģųᶨ飬ϵ˵徳ÿһΪֻ޳һӡҲͬҵӡǵģʹһҲΪһ»ӳӡЧҲĿǰиõսֶΣⲻãǻӻ
£ݱ㲻ԥʱ͵شеĸйٶӿʶ
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ʶʱâٴλָƽʱǿŻӰƵĻһڻϷһͼڵı־
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һ̣ݴѾǿ֨֨֨죬һбꡱһһƻĵط۶ϡ
ݴ˸ָ޵ȻӡӳֹĻѾһǻˣպ˻׻ӡ㣬õֵ
ŶѵľϲЦţȴǲ֪߿һĻӡӳһǻϣ۲ѣ̾
Ȼȴûô򣬾УҲÿϧ
ӡ࣬ۺĵ
ڤڤ棬ʼϲԾûйƽԣȻͲźʹּˡ
ȻЩϲԶԸı˵ĻҲֻЩ׼ˣץס


012 СǶ
·;϶Сһᵽ˻ӳӡݶ֪Ҫǰȫ࣬ȫߡӣһЩͷֲиֶһʮ쵽֮ʣء
أٹǿԶƳһһҹԲȲ˯Ȼߣ㾡һ޺ܽͨ˵ĶĤƣʲ߿Ѫ
Ԥϵ޳ӡһ޳ݵӡﵽʮŸ
ֻһɣ̥ˡȵɺ󣬾Ҫڰس̣ȡ
ԼܲܳΪһ͵ӣͿҪˣ

ҹһС꣬û¶ãƺֻǽʪ峿ʱֲЩҶСϵˮ飬ˮ¶
컹ģ̫Ͱǿ¶ͷ
ůůأ˾ʣôˡ
ӳʹΣһѾϣһΪ̫սʵ¼飬ߴԺȴϵֽʮǰһĺҵս۵С
ھ̫棬˵ϳݣȴǸʵ۳˾ŵѳΪǲ෹󳣳ĵǣǷƾ˵ݶľ˼Ŀ϶ݸǣ̫Ϊﵽĵز
ϼأ̫һαоΧ׳нԾãã𺣣Ԯϵѵоɾִӻ˳˵˵ĺۼûСһЩΪĻͱ϶̫ΪѾپе٣Ѿ޷˺塣
ˣղľ̫ջӴȻķĺ겡šνֻأ֮ڤڤ֮У˭Ҳ޷Ʒ
ݼǵ˵͵֮·ܳܳãã·һˣһģеĳ˵磬ܴȻ򣬴Ӵ˰ѵϲ
ĻҲ˵Ǿ̫Ϊṳ̂򣬲ȻڵĻʵ۾ͻˡ˼šЩûȥѾϿ顣
ҲΪ֮ǿѵһˣҲ΢ɳһ£չһ£̫ǰˡ
͵ðУҲǻһָԼķʽ
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飬ǿǻۡ
һУΪԼ
ͣԼ
һݵĳ˼Ҳɵûζ˼£˳ȥһԲһͷصϣڵָԴȥһ
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޵бԺˣ㵸˵Ҳˣóˣ
ԣ˫һʱޱ࣬æץס޵еķʴĸ첲ʵҶôˣ
ܰͳ˵Ҷ͵ǶһЩѾ߰ҶΧסˡҸմﾭҶӱôָָ㣬޳ˡСѾͷģȥɣ
ɫһʵ˵˭С˭

ݰŽģȥ
޵ԥһ󣬵ҶѾͷģ͵ܰѾͷͳ鷳ܰ磬ѾСˣǳ˵ǰЩҲˣȥǲԸң϶ȥҵ
㺰Ҷˣ߰ɣס޵Ⱦܣ˵ϴΰͷѪ㻹ԣҾ㣡
޵бקǰܣһ˵ţѳͷѪʲôʱ£ҼǵÿδܣǸ˶ɡ

ԺĻԷ۷æɣһﴫִæɵľ׵طòô
ʮ˺ѾΧһȦȦмվˣһź£ݿԼҶСܰվһϰװ׾ˣϲ˳˶棬վһʮһСŮŵɫȹͷǱ衣ЦʱܺÿΪССľѡʱȴЦͷ˫ֵָһ𣬻Ūţȫί֮ɫίϣһĺɫӡȻǲǰ˴˶⡣
Ҷ
Ҷ˵СѾͷͳ˰ɣСƢǺõģֻһƣü֪һһҶҪϳȥ
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ܰҶԵзֵģ㻹˵ûУ
ҶͶĿ⣬˵ˣҸղ˵棬ӽң˵򼱣ҪҸһ¡ûãСǾˣ˵С͵
ŭĿԲɣȵСС;ݣ龫֣ץУȴ߸ң㵹һѾͷ
ߣܰһӲҵ˶ӲôǸҲȻһ̳ģ
͵ǣС㣬һ˶ʲôöϴ·ϴɾֳ˷ˣǸСӣѾͷǸѾͷҿɴһ˶ϳȥã
ܰ˵ͷ˼һ˵˵ǲ͵ģǳϣҵĴһ㡣ҪǻϣҾȥүүʱ˼ҷŭˣһҾҪȫˣ
ܰ£СŮҶ֪ǵ˼ڲϻãĳϣܰͳܽⷢӣİһҸϳȥˡ
Щ˼ңɻľǼνշҹѷµľҪҶԼС͵Լһ
ҶĵصȻû뵽㣬ǼңҾû͵ǾǰҸϳȥҲû͵̵ңǾҲҪйԼĶԲȥá
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ӴʹһУֻѾԾҶϵĻӣеҰӣ
ĹҽУ˵ǼҶѾͷ
ݺ޵дȺ˽


013 Сݵľٶ˴
㣬ݣ޵УܰƫӣͿĨһ㺮˪
վҶǰסã޵վ˫ֱأ΢ЦܰôҲԼҶС㣬ȻôһûСѾͷȥЩ˰
ܰƳ޵һۣΪǶС㣬Ҫܸ£һֺֻ֪СǶԼҵ
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ݰҶְǿʵ˭ģҴ򲻸𣿡
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ܰɾٵŭ󼸺ͬĸʨӰ͵һ𣬰ϵʺĺһѳɢȻһıӡ
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һڵһһޣȻ͵һɨ̣ܰƷ
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һһǻ
ִֻܰ޵ֱ۲ͣתȦǳתγһͷβС磬ͷһݴȥ
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Ҳڲ֣һ׻ӰƺȥʱϰٸӰǰÿһӰҪһЩƣһٵӰʹͬˮ㳯ӿ˹ȥʱܰĳ޹Ƹû
ϰٵӰУһֱʵӰܰļϣɳȥ
ݳֺзִ磬ԸʱȻֺղһƴܰʱЩƾԼǿƵúãһֻܰ򵹣κˡ
֪ԼҶС㣬ҪֻԽԽǴԳɳүӼܰƣһῴƾһ֣ʱҲзִ硣
Ҳͬʱ뵽ЩҲ˼
Ⱥһ󾪺̾ܰҲˣ̾ݾȻܰҲҴۼܰͬҶƮɳȥҪǱˤڵϣͻȻһӰ˹˫ֽסܰԭתһȦƽȵĽܰ¡
ܰЩѣΣվȡסԼ˺϶ʱϲ磡
ܰˣѾǶʱͷΨΨŵŵһµģ
첻µزµ޵УüͷҲһ壬ԭЦɫʱò԰
ˣԼҶүη


014 ӣԼҵ
ηϵһɫಢǺܿΣҲֻϹŵĵЦ˾Цصȥ
ּģĸоЩͷƤ顣
ηɿã˫ַڱһȥȻżЦݣݣĵܵܣ˼˼ȥԼҵʱҲôţִԼҵˡ㵹ãѾСˣĿЩɶ񰡡
Сɣ
⼸֣޵еɴ۾ݣǲ˼顣ôܣô£һǰݻֻڶأھˣص̫٣
Բԣǽ٣ҲûôٵİɣһСҴŲţϻ
޵бһٵĳ嶯ģϲ
ӭηĿ⣬ݻһ㣬ηȻһ۱㽫ԼΪ˸šվܶ壬֪Ѿͻأء
֪֪֮η֪أҲΪηɣأȫѪҺȻһ£ëϴ裬徳ʦǿߣ
徳СΪһССɺ󣬾صˣҲȡʤȴһʮصˣҲȡʤɣǺܶһж޷ġ
ηȥҲʮ꣬һΪԼǻңдҩղصĻ֧̳֡˼Ļ򣬱ͨ˵츳Ҫߡ
ηȻھôԼȴҲһ֡ȻȲ磬Լҵһ޼ɣҲΪ츳ǰʮꡣ
˿ߵǰⲻȻãվһһȽϣʱֳ˸ߵ͡
ߵͲָߣ˵߲࣬ηֻǸ߳˰ͷɢѽû
ͷ·УֻһηݾһѾʧ
Ľ
غصر
ԿηĵܰӷŭΪ˷ˡΪϵǳãһԼܰﵽԼúõؽѵݡ
ܰί˵磬ҴûܹίȻһ˴ˣҪҽѵ
ηЦȻô㣬ȻҲҪýѵѵ
ĶԻη壬ݲû˿η壬ķ˷
˵һ治֪ĶֽʲôζأȻֻأһΣڽʱӡѻӰƼӳˣܲܺɵƴһƴأ
촽ƺѾȲҪηˡԼûз֣ԼȻ˺ö
Ȼһ룬ηһ⣬ʱ֪Էˣ
ܼ򵥣ֱӵһƣݵؿڻȥ
ݷӦ죬Ծʱƣηƻһ
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ž
ⲻǻȫϵĽ档ηʮģ򵥵һƾܰݻûֻסӣûе¡
ηҲһ
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ԼɵˣҪԸһСɵˣͲҪʹֻôһƴȥȡʤ
ֱԼҲúһףǰûô򵥡
䣬ЩһЩ
һݣҲûţ̵ĺܺðҽһУ㻹ܽӵס𣿡
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ͬǻȭηʹ֮ǰʹȴȫһΣ
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ݵɫЩɫţ˫ջ䣬ȫһ˳ȥٴκηӲƴ
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ȭ಩žȺʱ±˵Ʒȭ
ȻǷ֣ȭײһ˲䣬ݵӰͻȻɢӰ۾գͿݳֳηһƳηıȥ
η˫һתȭȥٴײһ𣬽˴˷׷׵
žž
ŶŶˣսɵˡ
ݡȻηĻȭһЩη
Ҫ֪ηɵʦ
ܰȻҲЩ⣬ɫ
ܣܡη۾綾߰㶢ݣ૵˻ӰƣƾΪҲûӰƵסҵĻȭҲɣȻǣ㻹û̥ǡôֻһֿܣ
ηͻȻȻĹ⣬Ц
ݰݣɵȻӡӳڻӰһǻϣǸ˵ãǸ˵㱩أ
ηΣѸܵɵﰵ̾աǻһӡӳڻӰϣͱηĻȭˡ
ϸֳ΢ЦүǺʲô㡣ԼӡľģͲҪˡ
ηЦǣǣԺѧ˸߼ȴΪûӡӳˣ˷Ҳȷǲҵ¡
ʳָ˰ԴԺȥ룬ֻڡҵĻӰûмӳ֣ôܵסղһȭأ
ηЦţ㻹Ϊ㿿żӳֹĻӰƾܺҶˣҸ㣬ҴʸûСղֻ֣һ֡ڡߺߣҪˡʶʶɵɣ
룡̯֡
Բ
ηڨЦһһǱ֮ǰͻȻһǿԵ˷׷׺ˡ
ʱҲܵɽѹľ޴ѹ
˫ȭȭѹͬʱҲԺﲻͣ˼ӦԵİ취
ܣҪˡ
Ȼ֮䣬һƽƽ˹ƽȣҲͣȴһɲΥǡηöѱ׼ӶѾˣȭֹԹԵĴԭأķȥ
ȺԷֿһµŮѾߵͬŮӾֹţʸ߹ÿһͬľ룬֪˶ٴεѵַڱһɫڸǰ
΢ͷĺ촽գĿƽ۲ˮüòܰΪơһţһˣ
ϸ˫۾ȥȴܴп޴ܰг¶ƢŮӵƽһֹˮʳ˼̻ӡ
ˣ˺ѾǶͷСã
ηܰ޵Ҳ߹ȥ𾴵ĺ㡣
ŮӣԼҴС㣬ԳɳϲĳŮо
ŮȻΪԼҳ޼ɣھ˿޼СǾʵΪھСǰ塣
ճҲвСǺܶӵˡ
ӡ
˵оɾеŮӣ̳Լе
õõĴС


015 սҲǺġ
šоӦһ䣬ȻûЦݣ˿оӣһз·ôȻ
ߣݺҶ˿ηܣ֪ǿʤȻĶֺ֣αͱˣҪ۸أ
η͵۸ִСá
Ѿ֪ˡȻоĵȥͨ籨šоֳܰȥСãҶ£㴦ĲˡѾͷӽԼһֱֻ֣ǸӣӦ͵͵ˡԸ꣬˱һƣСС;ôһٴ統Ȼġ
ܰƱҲδҲʣ㲻þ͵ģҳ
ѴӻԶԶؿ֣ܰæͷ˹
оųӹһĨ֮ɫȷһţԻ
ǣС㡭ڲͣĴģ˵ҲЩȻܰܰתȴоû취
˵ţоƫͷעݣǽСݰɣ
ȻǰҲۼоٴμݻǾþ޲ѡλСҲûĴ磬ҲûлŨױ˵һװԵúˬأݶһ־޵ĸо
ݵ˵ͷǵģǽݡ
оСʱҾͤ￴ţıֺܳɫүүҲӡһ£Сˣ׾Ѿáô˵㶼һӣڷԺһΪ
佱оһתȻ˵ҪסԼݡȻ㲻ԼǸˣйǲڱϾԼеĴסȻ￿Ͷģ׻ԼҵġҪЩִ硣»ûŪϾСôȣ޻˵´㻹ҶԼһ֪ҲǺ۸ġ
ݳĬ
ܰˣæ㣬˼¾ôˣһƣ
оԩˣһƽҪ
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оһ˫۾ͻȻסܰĿ纮˪
ܰһæͷ
״ηҲ⣬æܰЦ㣬СþƢ֪ġ˵ţƫͷһֶۣоСôСûܹ£Сÿ϶ǽܲ˵ġ
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оƳԼһۣʱη˵ЩܰСֻ۸˵ģ»ܱ۸ô裬ѱ֤ʲô
ηгģоȤʵʲô⣿
ηӣݣð򣬵ĵȻҪͷָָݣݣҽһ徳ߵսСõһƣһùķʽֻ
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Ҹʱ䣡Ϊ͸£ҲҵģݣҸʮ죬
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ӮҪӮңηָԼЦţ̯˫֣һεģðɺðɣ˵
ݳƳһۣӮˣѳֵѶϳԼң
ηתתҪأ
ˡ
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ˣݶо΢΢֪λСΪԼãҲ֪λС͸һЩ飬ĵĲԼ뿪ԼңǸ硭
˵ţݶη˹֣ȻǴүҲжһԾŶڣ
ãηһİƣ˷ܵ˵ʮԺ䳡
ǣתǣҶ֣뿪ˡ
ߣԲСӣǴѾڵˣʮ죬ʮ͹ԼҰɣηݵıӰֺǺǵЦ
о̾ϢһҲݵıӰ˼
ãеɫڴǰһšŵ䣬ǳ֮
Щԭ۷ƺоȾ


¹£һǰһӰӷ߳Ӱӱ¹ϳ
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վ󣬲ʵ磬ô֪ģʵѾµλС߸ġ
Բشʵ֪𣿡
ʱ֪ÿ춼ȥϴ·ɻ϶סġ
磬㲻õģҲһģҺ֣֪ǳ
ݵǳᶨ֪ܵηսȴҲһĲ
Ӯˣܳ鷳ĵˣԼһˡ
ˣһ˶ҪΪ뿪Լҡ
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һЦо˵ˡη֮ǰûóʵɣѾ徳Ĵô򵥡
ݲҲˣû뵽ĽȻ˿죡һ¶࣬ȻСˣ
ͻȻתһ˫ץסݵĸ첲Щٶȣҵ궼࣡ǶΪ׾֪ģСݣѵбһҪɫ츳𣿡
ǵһο˼ͷĬһᣬŵҲ֪ÿôΪҲôˡ˵ͬѪǶǻţ
ǰҲŰɫȻ¶Цݣ˵ʲôûˣսѾ£ʣµľ׼ӭսˡܰĲ࣬ͰѵԼүӴڸҵĶǻ㡣
ǻ
ĸ֣ݶʱ˾æ磬²˳٣ھͽҰɣ


016 ƽδ
ҹ£¹࣬ǿ財
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һ̣¹Ϊܵʾ
ֻ֣ʳָָ£γһָģµĲƶţָϵǰȻ趯
ͻӰƱȽ׻ûô໨ΣߵҲ鶯Ʈ·ӣʵʵĹʵָÿһ㣬ᷢƵġָۡᷢһСƬŤ
ֵɱֺͷһҪǵ˵ϣһһѪ
дʱ𣺡׶ǻΪָָΪȫָ䣬ĴǷǳĽ󣬻ܽתεָԶ̹֣һ⧲
ôзŹ⡣ԭΪѾˣû뵽ˣϤ⡰ָļֵ
ʾ飬㿴ˣ
ʱȻȥɫԽڣ¹ԽԵǿԽԵ財
ֱѧˣֵͣʯϢ
ֵĬã˵ðǺðȻʧȥ츳츳һҪãˡ
硭
ݸ廰ֵֻǿϧҵ츳ڣֵͶܳΪܹͣͬɾһ¡
ӣЩܡʱһ˵һЩƽʱ˵ڵĻǷ˵ܵܵ츳˷ܣֻܵ˴̼
硭ģһġ
˳ȻɡҲǣʵڴӮҲҪǿ츳ڴ򲻹ԺҲܳǱϳԼңҲȫһݵļ磬¶һѵõЦݣˡ
ıӰԼüС˵磬ܿͻõġңѾҵķˡ

գֻصƴ״̬֮СȻһģȫëɫĺС
ʹµĻָСҲܸȤԱ߿˼飬ҲģԱڶ죬СѾѧᣬܺݶˡ
ָǶǻɵѶҪȡӰơ򵥡ֻ죬ݾѽɡȻʱӰơڶСԵʡ
ֻҪָӳָͷų
һ룬ݾͼѣָջֵܶĸо
ΪӦηľֺݳ޵ʹһӡӳָǻϡ
ݵӡʣʮ˸Ȼͬ׶εҪ಻١
ǰԼָͱ͸ĴʯͷеĻҳҪ֪ûмӳӡʱָ޷ʯͷͱġ
ӡüֱ̫ˡܵӡӳֺݸҿ϶˵Ǻ޼ƻϵİеӡӳָϣָܸϵԼҶûеǻˡ
Ȼûǻ˵Ҳֻһָо˵һӡǻΪı
֮ǧŰپʮŵĻͣӡӳڵͼϣǻպΪˣõи߼ĻˣټӳȥˣҲŻʹáΪһʹˣͲܸˡ
˵ӡӳֵĶ񣬾һδĳɾͣǻ͵֪ӡҪȴû̵ᡣⲢ˵δûгɾͣΪǸ⡣ӡ࣬ĵÿ׶ζ㹻ӡʹãȫҪܡ
ˡΪʷҪıʱһʵ˱š
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ЩݵĸܻǺǰһоÿһ춼ջÿһ춼иоԼǿ
ڵѾĽ׶ΣֻҪ赽˼£ȫѪҺͻȻһ£ﵽëϴ裬̥ǵľ硣
ָоԼһѾܽˡ
ǸůůҺ壬ҲԽԽࡣָоǿűԳԼӵĽ𵤣·ǰС˺ܶࡣůůҺǽܻʣԼһµգǽѾԽԽСˡ
ҲԶõİҩԣһҪץԼɣ̤ϻ֮·ˣ
սСȭͷᶨ˵

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ݹĴӷһС¯СϣƺյӰ죬ͶҲǹġ
һһҹ֪Щʲô
ȻԺӶû߳ȥһĴǰ
ݽһЩʱǹϸ˽ȥСİ¯ȼȻڴµϣѴϡ
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磬Ҳ֪취вУ֮һ԰ɡڴߣĬĬ˵š
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ݷ֣СЩʱȫëǺɫëɢ͵ĺ⡣
ȥһСʱСǽƣҡҡλεڴϡ֪ѾûˣУĵ뿪ˡ
һصø˸ǱӣûбѣСڽʵô𣿡
Сܹϵص˵ͷ
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Сҡҡͷ
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Сֵ˵ͷ
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˵ҲˣϢɣ֮ĻֻСĶӹȻĿ£³ɫĵ衣
ⵤԲʵ⻬ԶԶȥ÷·һӵð
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ϧС˵ҲʲôƸݴ𰸡
ųԵݹϵؽǵȥ
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ݵĺԽԽѣȫļʱƤҲ𽥵رɫҶʱһһһͬһɫ
һ̣оԼҪˣжв
Сżæ壬׼ȥҧָ
ʱݸĽͻȻͷųһůǽڻҺ壬ѸȫӡЩҺĳ£·Һһ𽥻Ϊޡ
ģݲŻָĺҲ𽥻ָ
̱ڵϣǴ졣
գաҪĽ𵤰ҿ¾ˣհ¶ؿڣССЩѶҸڵ֮Ȼɵİɣ
Сͷ
ݵЩкĶ˰ɣ
Сץ۾գգ͵ĿݣнһЩֵĽʮż
˼ǣҪҰӵ
Сͷ
Щ趼õģ
С͵ͷ
ðɡ㡣ҪûôҲɵ衣ҾȰţ취Ūⵤá
Сʩչ·Цһ㡣
ˣˡҸղžôһ⣬Ҳƣˣ˯ɣ
˻˻СϱQȥ
ļ죬ݰһÿҹͺСķΪˡ
߸ϣҲǾݺηǰһҹСķʽݣڵЩͰѾȡɾˡ
ʮ׼ȻûɣָҲǿ˺ηսġ
һжѾͿǹؼһսˣ
һսӮˣͻᱻϳԼңԼսʤηһᱻԳɳǹĿ࿴
֪Ҫıڵһ˹ĺ⿴һС֮ľʵҪ
ľֻʤܰܣݼᶨһ䣬ϵı죬۾


017 Թս
ȻΪԵʣҪݻľ𴲣ϴˢԺ˶һסӰơʩչһ顶ָ
׻̫ѴƲ㣬
һ˶ıȽ磬˯Ҷһ˶֪ǸҪӡ˱ôСԺӾͶסˡ
ָѾˡ߽Ժӣ˫ָڱ΢Цݡ
ҶĵǱܺãһȫݵģ
ݹʵ磬ЩоͦõģɫҲöˣǲǡ忪ʼˣ
Ĭһᣬ΢Цص˵ͷǣоͨˡ
İǹϲˣһܿ쿵ģ
ϣ˰ɡ
Ȼ֣ص˵Сݣ׼ˣûУ
ʮ˵Ȼû⣡ҿǺ͸ͬѪ
ţ־Ȼ΢ЦţΪӮϾһɵʦɲ˵ԸܶԸġݵĺ󱳣һЩȫһʵڳŲˣǡΪͣҲˡڼ£㲻õġ
ԣݲ첻ѣǰĸ˸Ƶģ·ȥͻȻֻصˡ
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ԼԺ䳡
ʱգ䳡½½Χˣһȥ̶ֳ֮࣬Ⱦ˿СԼҵǶݺηⳡǳע
Ͼ˵⣬һԼҶүʵھСǰʮꡣ
һСٽͭһ˵סȻҪǣ׻һŵĸ硣
ȻǾⳡû϶϶ηʤߣ̲סǿҵĺģʹֵȤҪһ
ϾЩսУвٶԼһ֧յСЩСвߣҲһЩѾСɣǶ֮·ǿʱȻŹѧϰͿ۽Ļᡣ
ȻҲû뵽ԼηľȻôķӦЩսļҲ˵ԳɳǵӰͤ
Գɳ⣬оˣͤս
ݵȻ֪Գɳ֮ҲȫΪоԵʡ
оλԼҴСݻʤȫǲϣġʵڲϣΪһұ뿪ԼҡȻϣ뿪ԼҵǸˣȻ
ˣͻүүǰΪһ˵˵ûүүסǡ
ǣԳɳǹۿһĻ
Գɳһ֮򣬹սȻⳡⳡȻҲ͸˷뷨
һЩۼһϤӰվݵԣ۷׷
쿴ҲˣǼһԼڼﶼһˣ¶ˣ
ɫȥܺðǿԱߣСһ
Ȼʮʱ򣬾Ѿˡ츳мУ
Ҳô˵Ҳġ˵ҲѾСˣҲ˶Զ
˰ɣСɺرݺηǾȡ衣㿴Űɣݿ϶ᱻǱ³
ǵҲǣƺЩԲˡ

ǵ۶ЩֵܵĶ˶һƽûΪݡ
ͤһɫӰߵ䳡롣
ݳһۣߵ˵ͷݱҲϳȥ
ֻϳǰ̲סһ䣺Сݣס϶˵Ļ
סˣ硣
£䳡ϣԶ
ηһЦгעݣݣϴɾûУ˵ţƶԼһġ
˼ݶηҪֻܰһơ
ݵԵã˵Ҫ㣬Ҳҵ
𣿴ɲҪร
ź㲻ῴ档
ȤСӡηЦ˵Բָģͦ˵ġ
үǲǸÿʼˣ
ðɣȻôǰƻңҾͳȫ㡣
Աϣη˫Ƴȭȳһ׻ȭݴȥ
ݶʱʹӰƣǰðϰٵӰηš
ηȭǳԵÿһȭȥΧһأƾͷǳˣĹսǾѣⳡֵһЩݵĻӰҲʹõļΪϰٵӰƶƶͬǰһƣܽηȭƸ⣬׷׵סԼ塣
һʼĽ棬ʹѽѷ֣ƾС
Ⱥ˿ʼˣĿתĶ䳡ϣȴû뵽ݾȻܺηò£
ˣˡηȴ룬˵һ䣬ȫһⳡĸһ㣬ʹһһǻɽȭ׻һʹη˶ʱʴ䣬ͬһɽƵģݴѹ
˵ǳϵݣǳȺҲܵɽѹɵҲЩ
ηɣ̥ǣƤ趼˼£ȭѲܽȫӳ⺶ɽȭǣһȫȴȫӶɵӵ쾡¡
ÿһȭȥ϶ص죬ͬеס֮ǰĻ˼ɫ
սȺУ˵ɫηֹݣһȭǴݣݱض˽Ϲǣڴϸһء
ʮ꣬Ļƽʱڣڲ϶ȹǿǻӰ쵽һΪ¡
ѿʼΪųâ굣ˡһʾŵĹâز۰ɣ
ηɽѹݲûԵûңǴ򶨵ӦԡʹֵĻӰƣÿڻһƺ˲任λؼ汸ηĽ
ʱֻأӰѲǹֶΣǷֶΡȻܱݾֵҪηͬʱηĽ·Ѱηٹؼʱ̸ηһ
Ȼ̤ãϲһЩڡ̫սʵ¼֮鼮֪սͲǿҪǻϣȷķܶ֡
һʱ֮䣬˻ǲʤ
ͤŴƬ̵ˣԳɳź룬˼˵û뵽⺢ҲǸ˲ţȻܺηôò·硣ͭô
ͭηĸףԳɳǵĵӣһʣӦò׾ѾãضٲĽ̵ϾûɣηĶ֡
ţԳɳǵҲԡ޵ͬ꣬Ҳʮ꣬ǾˣǺһǸˣ
˵ǡԶãǳûľηֻǻûʹȫ
үүۣоûв廰䳡ԱߣǸϡ
֪ƽ¶һ˿ǡ


018 սеͻƣɣ

սϣݺηڼҵսš
û뵽ӳӡĻӰƾȻôѲٶ˺ܶࡣſĽηŷݲûô״ܡֻ֪ûӰĶƺò˿ûƣı֡
Ȼ֪ʱݸǽܻҺ壬ڲϵظݲҲڲϵǿݵ
ƽںηʵս͸Чõ
սĹУڽҺ̲£ݵʵѸ
ηɫȥԼûкôӮҲᱻЦ˵Լһɵ˶ԸһСɵ˻Ҫô󹦷
ͨ㣬ηҴŲţѸ˺ܶ࣬չһҵĽ
ݣǽʱˣ
Աϣη˫ʳָָ£ָΪȫеָ䡣
۾һǡָ
ЩûǶǻָηڵһԾͬһͷޣܵݵĲ棬ָȥ
һЦʱӳһӰƣηӲƴ
ûӰƺҵָƴ
ηŷݵĻӰֻ𹥣ʵĿΪ˶ηһȻıԼķλ
ûӰη͸Խ
ȻΣηˣݸı䷽λĿĲΪ˶ܣΪ˽
ݵηүָʶһָ
ηתѾ˹ֱָͷ
ηһݣϾɵʦǳ䲻ĽǸݴԼ֮ǰѸٵһæҲָԹΪأ֮Ӳƴ
˵ָײһ
ۣ
ûоҵ죬ֻгƵĹͷײ
˴һǣǸʧȥ˵˲ݣη
ηһֻеֱ飬Եȥ
ŭȵӣȻָҲӳӡ
ݲץסѵĻᣬʤ׷ηܡ
ĿսˣЩԼ۾
ôˣηҪˣ
һɵҪݸˣ
ηغţۼݳʤ׷ʹӰƣԵҧһʹ¾ĵ飬͵һ
飡飡飡
Ȼ䣬ηһſźɫԲ䵯ܷٶȥ
ʱܽ޿ɱܣУʱɳȥʮԶ䳡ϡ
Сݣ뾪Ǳס䳡ϳȥˡ
ǲҪȻðעηĿ¶׹⡣
սȺҲʼûΪηʹ˻˵Сη޳ܡ
ͤͭһ࣬ƫͷȥ
ԳɳǵüëѾһţη԰ðˣ˿Ц
ͭˣ嶪ų²ߡ
ԳɳǵˣˡֶӮ˱Žи嶪
ͭҺԳɳ磬˵ǡˣһѵ
Ҳ֪ݴʲôˡʲô£Ҷ벻סԳɳ̾˿
Ⱥзڵηվһίģǳʲôұɣݲ·ƣаӡӳһǻͶǻϵģò˻ˣ
ηغΪʤңյİ취
ûηı⣬ÿ˵Ŀⶼ˵µϣעƣעܲվ
עûе̫á
ڴĿ£µݾվֱͦˡ
ϵǣٴվû˺ۣûһ˿ƣɫ֮ǰԵøӵĺá
һָоٴվݺ֮ǰȻˡ
òʣ
˾̥ͬһ㣡
ʱͤϣһ󾪺
̥ǣʴ䣬ɣ
ͭ͵شλվ䳡ϣоȵ˵⡭ôܣȻˣ
ԳɳеĲ豭Ҳڲг˾棬ִһϲã⺢ӣսбǱܣȻͻˣϳ֮ǰءֲҽηսʮ갡ˣһҲǻŰ
ǰҲվþĿ˵޼ѾˣҲʮɡҾʲôѪܾܵȻô㣡
˼飬˼鰡ԳɳǸ̾
һߣҲ¶ɫ
΢΢һЦ𱸣ϲ˵СӣȻǰʵʵ˰
ִϣоĸ׵ڲͣĲо⡣
֪Ϊĸ׵Ժ
ȺвۼˣҲ𽥿ݵı仯ʱ˷
ҵ죬ɣҲˣ
һ󣬽һƬŰĳǶ죬۾һգգ䳡ϵˡ׼ȷǣһˣǸոյ徳ʦ
Ǹ½ʦ̧ͷĹ⡣
ү̫ڱɡû뵽һʱͻưɣݳ˵
ηв죬ﻢ¡ͷ͹ѷŭ˼㣬ٴʹָȳݹȥȵ㲻Ӯң
ҲָΪηĽһЦ˿ηԼǰָԼһǣָȵ˵ˣָңȣ
˫ָٴײ
һΣݵָǼӳֹӡָɵʦʹָ֮ǰֺֹǿһ
꣡
һѵηһεĸܾͲֻ˫ˣǷ·һɴԼָ˽Լ壬ٰԼݺݵ˳ȥ
ηʹĽкһͬһ鱻׳ȥƬ䳡ȥ
ʤѷ֡
ԭӦþȵǶپȣƺ䳡ΪͻƺǾѾƷԼԭȵжϣΪʤݵˡ
صʱ򣬾Щηܡ
ˣܽηܣǲ˾ȵ£
תۼ䣬ǶǹĿ࿴
񣬶úǰһˡ
ú棬ãǣη
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һʮ꣬Ȼñ˶η
ηܵ˴ĳִ䳡ˤضͷѪ
ʱһɫӰһηȻֻص䳡ڵϡ
һԹս˶Ӱȥ˵ﶼһ
ʱҲſ壬ɫӰһװˣһѳĽб䣬ϵԶһĽϵǷˣ絶רע飬һǸ˶Լǳˡ
޼ɣ
䳡Դ֪ݡ
ԼҴүԳɳǵĳ޼ɡ
ԼСеͷ޼ɡ
˵ΪѾھأһĻţ޼ɣ
ôһͷ϶⻷ʱվݵǰĬĬע
޼ݵĿ̸׶񣬵ǳһڣʮ㣬һ
ݣ̫ˣǴСãִҶܣ۸Լô
ݶ޼ɹֵүүҿ˿û֣ҲΪԱ
û˵꣬޼ɻָΪͻȻһָҺ򣡡
仰һ˵˫ָʱһХųϮȥ
Ҳǻָ
ͬǣ޼ɵָԶ̹Ϊ˻
ٶȼ죬ֻһգ۵ʱݵǰ
ݱ޿ɱܣ
ಣ
һͬĽ䳡ײһ𣬽ţһӰԾ䳡ߵǰ棬޼˵޼ɣ۸Сʲô¡ǾҺ򣡡
Ⱥжʱѻȸ
Ϊˣ
ͤԳɳڣе˶˲͵վ
Գɳǵɴ۾ںȻˣ


019 ź

һݵĳź󣬳ֵϳָɵĻ޼ɵĹƣԳɳȳصԼҼȵشվµĹǾ͸˵жˡ
Ȼˣ
һ־ǴŻָڰأΪˣ
Ÿǲ˼鰡
ܵѳɳΪţĲҲˣֵôˣ

࣬۷׷ף䳡ϵıޱȷḻҶԣѱһȺƽʱϴ·µĽΧƵܲ͸硣ЩԭϵһģʱҲ˽ʹϵ
밡ͿǸĸ¿ɺãӿˣǰǸˡСҲӶô㣬и
˺ƣккñ
ôôõĶأ룬֣մճĸ
ǺϵϺõ١˰ƽ￴˳۵ĸƿһֻס룬ȵҼƤһءҪˣ飬ŪɧؼҺŪȥһƬȥ
١ϴ·ﱾԡǿƣҲټУЩĺԾ˿ˡ
ʱ١˲Űյߣӣһںڰ̫ãܻҵڣġˣһúúϧӰ
ˮģһſžӨ͸Ҳ̲ס۽ʶ¡Ҳ֪Ǳ١˵жΪĿġ
˵ͷȴ˵ˡ
١ᴷһ£úõ飬޸ɶ
ע١ˣΪ㣬ƽʱôףȴ˵ôһĻжˡ
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ʱ䳡ϣѴ˱ĸˡ޼ɶţ˴˵жЩӵɫ˶ӱ˴ΪҪĶ֡
ãܺá޼һ˵ܿҺܿġʧȥôһ֣һʮʧ¡
ֶӭ˧ˡ۽ǵĵ±ӳյķȴһ㶼ƻ󣬷ڷжһЩ䡣ͤսоǳˡ
˵ôڿˣٰܣǻʧ䣿
޼ɰְڽϣ΢΢һ䣬Ȼô񡣡
ƫͷСݣվһߣҺ档
ǣ磡ݵҲޱȼ˷ܵĳ̶ȣԼΪҪǿҡ
һԣעĸ磬˵ϲúͳɾ͡
磬κˡ
޼ѽбһѽȫһϮɫۣȫһװ磬վԼСУһԵø롣
ʱսһʵģ䳡ϵѡҵԵʱýԹѵʱҲýռˡ
ðɣΪ֤ûռұˣҾѡһ䳡ıɨһۣһЦ䳡ԵĹһԾָһָ֦ȥʱžһ֦۶ϣ˳ֽסص档
һ˿˿εð׷֦ӿȥ֦ǰȻ˼£ˡ
֦Уǿ֦ͶȡֶԻĲٿ磬жȣھˡ޼ۼ⣬۾ѹô񣬵ȷпʱҲãҲھأھǶռԷˣպʹһս
ԣǴĳһԭΪˣΪָǰڰˣͺǾˡû뵽ȴѾھˣ
šܶ˶ĬĬ˵š
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ս޼ѳʣգۼͱǰֱָ
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ž
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һɣ޼̳⼸ƽ⣬ʵ׺ݣⶼֱҪٶȼ죬ȫ˿׼Ҫ㡣
һԿľԼ޼ɵĽƣмܲסҪǽûпԼ϶ͳԿˡ
ȴңûйʽÿ޼ɵĽֻ̹֦ڽϡ޼ɵٶȿ죬졣޼ɵĽ׼̵ø׼˵ǽɵĻ޼ɵĹơ
µ˶һ޼ԽýֶԶԶ˻˵ҵСճһЩСҲ޼ɵĽɵȻ֦޼ɵĽܲеȡ
Ϊһ棬ʵսֶһ档ǰֻ֪ţڿսҲǸ֡
޼ɱηҪ侲ö࣬ɫ˿ûб仯Ҳƽսı仯Ӱ
˫սһţÿһ̻лͿĦХķ
ʮץֽ֦һЩ޼˵
û㻹ܷ֦ס
ʮ޼ֵĽǻǴĽ˵׽޼ɸһѧģǼҴʮ֮󣬿׽սճǼճΧ֪ͣж֡
Ľͣһʱޣǣ޼ɡͷҲʱߣ෹ֵ
ڶʹģ⡰ʮ
Ȼ񣬵аյĿ񣬶ǿʮһ֪޷֮ǰķƽ⣬æ˺趯֦ܲͣػš
Ȼ䣬Ӱƶе֦衣ƶһӰϵϳͻȻת任λһӰȥǳλѤ
Ӱ
޼ɵУȻǰ趯֦ӰмʮʱƶţĿѱģǳΪ֪ԼĽƵƵ̿գͻᱻץס跴
ͤԳɳǻվţҲڶԵ˵øȻѶǻӰơĳˡӰֻ޼ɵġʮȷʲˣǴ
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޼ҲӲʮһ֮ƴ仯ӰͳͳĨɱɾ
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ңң
޼ɽǰסʱѾƽһסӰơ޼ɵĽϡ
ž
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ܵǿҵļѹƣ޼ɱڵأҲɳȥˤڳϣ˶𵹣ǲ¡
֪֮䣬Ѱ˺ܾãÿ˶סŵĶԾ
ܿ죬ܾʡ
µҲϵվд裬Ȼȫ˭ûɱ⣬ɱ֣ʴҲûܵˣֻЩ𵴡
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㵽ף
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ͬʱͤﴫһߺȡס֣
ΪֹˣǶ
ĩˣֲһ䣺룬һ˶
޼ɲò֣ͣΪǵģԳɳǡ


020 ˵Ҫй
Լң
ԺںԺĵطԼҵֱϵֱӴԺٴĲŽԺԳɳǻ͵ĵطͶҲ
һ˶ȻԳɳҪҪ
ϣϯһŻͷΣ觺ʹɵһϯСչԳɳڻͷϣһ֮ơ
һĿڴźС߽ʱԳɳǺͭѾ£޼оЩСڳվšһȦ˽ǽڣУʱҲ֪ݻ᲻ιŶԼţԳɳǰԼϳԼҡ
Գɳվڴ룬ŶŮϹ
ԼҺҲͬҵļڼʱ򣬶Ҫ¹񣬶Լûء˵ԳɳǸ㹻ŵͷҪñ˹ݵķʽԼȨġ
ԳɳһᱡĲϵһ磬ͷϼ͸ֻʣһϡϡİ׷ߣͷһµͷڣһֻɺ裬պסûͷĲ֣ڡ
ʱ˵η⣬ԼҵֱϵȥԳɳһ˸ۣǻװ磬ֱСŮܰҪޡ
Сݸ磬үү氮ƯҶ˰ݵǣС˵
ҶȻСԳɳǺӵΪԳɳǲһЦպû˼ͷȴû뵽Ҷ˵ˣ˳ҶĻʵСãʲô֣
ҶȥЩţסݵ˵ҽҶҶӵҶ
Գɳʵ˵үүҰƯ˵ʵүүƯ𣿡
ԣһһûʲôԼ˸϶һݣҲͷԽࡣ
Щ˿֪ܲԼġԳɳë˵ص㣬ǰȻʮ࣬ȻѰ׷͸֮Ȼ֮ͬˮϢ
ǰ˵ʵ黰ҪҪǣһҪ˵˵ƯȻȥЦеͷԻ
ЩǶҶ˰ѺһСŮûʲôĻ϶ʵʵ˵ʵ˵ʵҲûʲôãǣԳɳȻúƯȷѲƯˡʵһ˵ȥԳɳһǨŭȫҡ
ȻܰͳȴǰԷЦԭͷɥЦעҶΪһ̵Ļᡣ
ҶССָԴϸԳɳǣȻ΢΢һЦҼƯүү
ԳɳǰбŴʵ˵ʵ
ȻҶС죬˵̹ңСӲ˵ѻȻ˾ͻɻˡ
Գɳ¶ЦݣЦǹɰ˵үүʱƯأ
ҶҡҡͷһҾүүԽԽƯ
Գɳǳױˣ󼤶վҶ߹ȥһѽݺݵ˼ڲŷ¡ְֵҶСԴŶ˵ð⺢ĺð룬Ҽĵ۹ȻûǸŮˣ̳ĺӶô㡣
һֹ㰮Ͱҳȥ
Գɳǫ˵ǺԼ¡
šԳɳǵͷĿȴݺǻݣһصֵܡ
˵ţ֣ϣĿЩӣʲôʱ򿵸ģΪʲôң
˵үӣ֪ҵģҲϲˡ
СԳɳүӣԳɳǿ϶ﲻ죬ִгȴǺܣЦãܺãȻˣǾͻصԺɣһ˶ԺԼһúֵܣеԴҲʹã
Գɳǵľһ˵ڵնʱȻ
о޵е¶ĵЦͭܰˣҡ
ǶᷴԳɳǵľԳɳǱǸͯӣϣûκһҴ
Ժδ֮ʱݺȻһЦ
Ժĸ׹Ϻӣ֮ǰĿꡣڶﵽˣȴûһ˷ܵĸо
ŽԼԺĸײź˶ǱźƫƫĿҪʱȴоһ˿
ѵԺôҪô
Сݣ񡣡
Գɳѹѹ֣ʾ벻𱸣Լߵǰº͵˵ݣΪʲôҪЦ
̧ͷֱԳɳǵ۾ʵ˵ʵô
ԳɳǵҪľʵﲻǽ̹СӲ˵ѡݱϾֻһʮ꣬ԳɳǵһʮĺӡԾݵ츳Ѿֳݺ֮䣬ӵĻ
Ǻáݵͷ£ְͷ̧ҲԺ
ԣ˵ɫһ㶡
ȻǸСӣʵۺ񣬲ϵܱߵĴׯҲũǵġԺûǧҲкü١Լ͵ܽԺԺЩУǸ߹Ĵڡ
ԼҲᰲԺȥӹһЩҵڳΪԼҵĹԱʵȨ֣ǿ൱ġݺΪ͵˵Ժ͵ڴԳɳǵĻҩ⣬ӴԺõûõûҩ֮·Ҫݺܶܶࡣ
ǧѷĽᣬԺԴ뼷ȥݾȻ˵
˲˵ǳ°Ϳɶڵˡ
ԳɳҲһ㶣վǵǸӣǷƢǲ£Ҳƽ͵ʵΪʲô
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ԳɳЦˣȰβˡѾ츳磬ǶǻţһǵԼһǴԺϳȥġ
΢΢һЦõʱ򣬾ͽӡõʱ򣬾͸ϡȻǸϵˣҺҸȻ˵Ķӣǵ߹ǣҪйҺҸ粻Ǳ˶Уɰڲ
ˣԳɳɫһ䣬ԭŵͭһվ
ͭԳɳ˳ݣҲ̫ˣҶҸô˵
ݵ˵ʵ˵֮ǰʾ˵ʵ
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Աϣƫͷ磬أ
˫ֱأЦⲻû


021 
ݺټЦıԼˡ
ϾҪ꣬Ҫǿ࣬ע⵽ԳɳѿɫͷʲôΪæеĿ˵үӣҵܵȻСĿǺȫȻǽӽԺǱϾˡ˵ЩѾܰηðү룬ԺԼңᰲǵıССǵס
Сٺ˵ԳɳǵһۣȵҵѵôС𣿡˵ţתͷһ޼ɣŵ޼ɲҲһʹĴμ޼ɰˣһ仵û˵
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үӣǡҲǣֻ뿪֮ǰоһۡ
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ԳɳŰʲô
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ԼҸǵСȫ岻죬ҲҲ죬һĬĬؿš
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֣ͭʵ࣬һ硣
ˡǳȶֻǵ˵һ䣬Գɳǣƽ͵˵ֵһֻĻ𰾡ԼҶ꣬ȴһֱ֪ĵϸıԺŮ˵ıǺٹݵ츳˵Ǿ򣬾ճǵЩҲһһģ򲻷ǵĸ׿϶һˡ
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ίһ°ɡ
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Գɳǵô˵ֱѯʣо΢΢һ죬ͷҧ´˫ֽĬãŻĵ˵ͷԸ⡣
Գɳǳо߹ȥ§ڻٴʵԸ⣿
شһΣоѿסɬԸ⡣Ϊϲ

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ԺҺ͸㣬Ϻӡĸ׵飬ݽ§ڻ
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ѽôܰǵСˡԣСҲҵĶӣԶֿ
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ҹ˶ٷʢ磬úõعԼҵһҹ粻ֻһˣĺ١ˡֻǺҶЩСһ١˵͸ɾࡣȻܻаѳֲס˵©ʱ򣬵Ҳ˼Ȥζ
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ѾίĻشˡ
Գɳǵͷ·ϵ̾˿վϹ
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֮ͻԳɳǼ֡
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үӣûܶݲ֪Ҳû˵
תͷִݼϣСݣҲˣүӾľΪˣסԺԼĻ䣬ҪסүӶס˵ķ飬ȥѾŰͳ
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šͷ
㿪ʼô˵
ΪûҪ˵ܰηײүԺԼѴ뿪ҲǸ⡣ǱϾţ
Գɳ΢΢һЦ֪ǵʲôˣ΢ЦݣֻҪǲߣǾԼˣ
⻰ô˵ʵ
ѵˣолԼѾʹоˣԸ޸
ʲôݶһ뷴ʵСԸ޸


022 ͽ
šԳɳ΢ЦŵͷֻҪԸ⣬¾ͳˡʱСڶѳˣҸӾܰϲ¸ˡ
ݳȥ磬Ը𣿡
ϵûʲôɫƺоԸ޸ûʲôо·֪һƽ˵Ը⡣
˵֣ﷺ˻ȻĹ⡣
һ˼ˣ˭Ƿ˭ң˭յϲȼšΨ㣬Ψ۾ΨǶ˵ĺ촽Ƿʱ̵⡣Ը޸ңܸ㣿
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ûϻشԳɳǣѯݣСݣһ߻
ݿŸ磬ֿ˿ĸףĿԳɳϣЦҺҶӺþöûռˣҪǼֻܽռҾͲˣ
Գɳһ㶣漴ЦݼһģЦСӣýãԸ͹үһ
Цͨ˵һʵǺȼʮҵľУ㲻үӡ
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ʱʱԳɳˬʵЦ

գġ
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ʱ֣ԳɳԵãһӣֺǺǵ߽Ժӡ
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ԳɳʵΪʲôôаգ
΢ЦΪš
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ֻȷܳΪһͣĺӡ
ŻܵԳɳЩλߵӡ
һ;ڰزҪż
Сݣ͡ԳɳǺΪף

ָֻģʽÿСڸɽϪϣÿչѿҶȻıˣֻ뼫Ӧÿ첻ϴˣźǸвסˣǺǰһȥϴ·æ
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ݴδʱͿʼһʱˡ
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𵤵ҩٴȫץŻӰƺָҩӱһĸоҩԽԽСԽԽ󣬽𵤿ٵڻţҺԴԴϵȫ
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ٶȡȻǰ޹ݣ൱Ŀֲ
ֲ˼㣡
Ҳһ죬ңʼΪĻͽ


023 
ڰˣûֱȥѧϰǻѡϢһ죬ýһµԼú÷һ¡
Ȼѧǻ룬˵Ƿǳ롣һȥԼͣˡڷܹȻҪϢΪڷܵõϡ
κ飬ҪһģʽѭСһͻ᲻г
˵ˣҲһЩʡ֪äĿı쳵Ҳǲ׵ģһ˻÷ḻʶϢ뿪ɽϪϣȥ˶תһת
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ݵͺȵֻϹ۾ҼҶС㣿


024 βγˣ
ԣɫһ䣬æŤͷȥʶݣϵԱߵ޵Уȵŧ˭ȻҶô˵
޵һˬƵ˵Ȼ͵ģҲôݴʽҰɣעĴʣȻҲ㡣
ʱǻĳԱСֹ
ЦԭֻԼһˡԼһûҽ̰һ˶ô
ݺԣǰ˺ģôоڽԼôһﻹ˭컯֮£ϷҡŮ˵²
ȻҺôЦҲвȺ͵Ц
һһ죬ŭİɣ
ˣܰƳһۣݣҲЦ
ηҲٳˡԭڽ£ֱôΧۣѾܶˡˣһĻ޲Ҹضȥ
СˡעԼƽ͵˵ҸʹСĻѶԺǾһˡ㣬ҵãүҵĸ磬ǵ¾ҵ¡ԣϹ˹۵ģϰѹÿ
ݵУϿң˵ܰηһ㶣ϻˡ
¶ɻ֮ɫʵʹСĻ£硭磿
ݵҸݡ
ݡЦַһ£ηηԭǸݰ
ȻݣʮɣȷЩ츳ΪƾܴңηģһʰʮΪηܺҹϼˣ
ܰʹɫѵݣˣҲɵʦһ˲Ƕ֣߰ɣĺˡ
ȻһˣҪ빲ҡ
֪ߵغСӣƲƲ죬»ǲɣҪˣ԰ɣߣҲߵġңҪۣ
˵ţĿߵҶϣʱɫЦӴû뵽ôһˮŮӰȻû󣬵ģɰأݣŮҲһ£Ҿ
һ䣬ڳ֡ʮɫĿ⣬һҲԸĿҶϣ·Ǳһص¡
Ҳûʹû첽ȥӭһȭ
ЦһŲηؿڣԭزӳһӲһȭ
ڰصһɵ˵ͨһѵҪû
뷨ǣһץסݵȭȻססֽʹԼǰ¡ʱһֻŲݵϣҶҲԼ
Ͼֻ뷨ѡ
ȭûпסݵ󣬷һȭ˳ȥʧ⣬ˣܰƷηһߡ
ηڴڵش̰غţ˵˾䣺Сġ
ȵؿݣüһôѽ
ԣ㣡ĿüϢĻᣬٴνȥ
Ӱƣ
һǻ۶ѡ˫ȭǰ˴˻ÿһ£ͱŷһɫâ
ηС򽻵ЩʶһݣæǻڣãһʹͻǿʮصˣҲȲˣҿǿƤļӲ̶ȿȾ֣
η˵ʱѾ˱仯ԭݵʹ˫͹𣬴ﵽһŵĵزؼͱҲ͹˳°ҲѸٷ仯ͬʱݵĻӰѳؿڴȥ
㲻ܣͦزݻ͹ؼ羫֣ӰƴУֻ΢΢زûܵ˿˺
һæı䷽λҪ֪ĻӰȻһǻȴǼӳֹӡģؿӲĵסȻ˶ûһ¡
ʱʹȵļҲ͹˳ٹСȺͽϵļǿ͵ǳױˡʱȫ羫ֱֱ֣һݻ޴ֵǹıݡ
Ц˵ԲҵһʹһٸɵҲû취㵱ҵǻǺģ
ЦϷԺʱͨӰƸı䷽λݴԾ˳
ѵСĺ档
תӭݣЦ֪ұ󣬻Ӱƾ·ӡ
Ļδ˫ƻָΪһָ
ָ
ʱݵָĽơʱСȸոǿֻ꣬нĵطˡ
žž
ֱĽϣһԵڡϣǿָֻԭԼҲܵ˻ĻɣѪˡЬѱ¶Ľϱյͨ죬ʹһʱҲվ
ɶ񣡾Ȼų˽Ҳڰأŭȡ
ӯ£΢Цڲ֪̫ˣ
ηܰһݵĲ档ʱ˿̣ǵ𾪲˵ԸĲȣȫ𾪡
һǰۿսʱΪͻƣɡڲһ£Ȼˣٶȡǲ̫̬ˣ
ǵǸţҲ˰ɣ
η̾ϢСãһˣһƽϵˡ
ܰ磬ôˣ
ηЦһӣϲˡŰš
δ̫ˣҸ磬Ҳ㣡ɰŮ类һʱƳݴȥ
΢΢һƫһ쵹֮ʱִȥվӡŮӣûг֡ϾͨղŵŮûпɶĵط
ֻ³ǰʱѶһѽ
ѽ֮ͨɫϵԶʱڵͼڣһԲεıʯһɫһɫʯжһ֡Ȼǹ֣ݶ㷺ԹҲһЩպʶһǡ󡱣һǡ

һֻץŽʣһֻ渧޵ý
һżӣѽҡ
΢Цأ
Ҫ
˵ģĿɰҺϲһڣҾͰѽ㣬ԸⲻԸ⣿
㣡죬ͨ졣
ζЦżãҲĸ磬ûô޳ܡ
ŤͷȥѽȥҲûãβ
βЦһѽʲôβġЦţסĽӽ˳
ȻͿǺܲı顣
ԼŹɫĽУٴ޵һѺýһûѽϲ
ž
ݻһƨڵϣؿݣճյؿǰѽ
ʵôˣ
촽ţ૵㡭Ργˣ
ǰôˣüôôӦְѽȥ˼£ܼ򵥰ʲôѵģĺ֡㳤ôƯǸɵӰɣ
γˣγˡڵܺܶ˶ָָ㣬Ҳȫû룬֪Щʲô
ЩаţɣұҲûҪӲ֮ݽӹȥҲûȥӣǰѽڵϡ


025 ֵ߽
֪Ѿãһѿȥͨı⣬κ˶޷ѽγⲻС⣬Ҳǻߵ͵⣬ѽһֽܶš
⣬ǰβģǰγˣǡ
ţĵܵҲţҪǣԼˣǼְ
˳ȥǵĿϷ̨ԵϷϣһӰһȷ磬ץһƻСڵĳš
ˣڵϵЩ˷ܣӱ磡
ҲӦ˵Ŀ⣬Ȼŵĳƻֱһƻ꣬ͷһӣǹͷȻϷ̨µһ
һգӯӯ
ˣоų˹⡣
˧Ҳ˵
һԼʮӣüĿ㣬ƤҲ׾ٿε˼¡ʱһϮȣģҪÿ˼֡
湫ꡣ
ȣҾ΢Цңӱ
ԭӱ
Сеһ֣Сеӱ
Ȼôһε˶
ãòͷȾǱоúЩŮ˶Ҫɫ
ԷݸϽҾ񣬵Լңݡ
ӱߵԱߣżһ㣬صУӱã侲һЩ
˵ͷȻûվֻǿһۡ
ʱҲĿԣ˲ʱãԼ񣬺֮ǰѾͬˡ
񾿾ʲô˵
ӱǰߣǰ¿˿ҡҡͷֺݣС֮д裬㵽Ϊֹɰɣ
ݵǲõ㵽ֹ˫žͷˡ˵ǿɹҵ³϶ҡ
˼ǣ㻹ûоȫ
Ȼ˵ĲǼٻָӡӳֹǸղţûаָʮӳֻɡóȫ㹻Ľƶˡ
ǺãھʹȫҺһ档Һûлύ֣ھͺСѾأ˻ѲƽߣҲкҽֵʸˡ
Ը㣡
Ŀһָ˫£ʱӱȥ
һΣȴ˰˳ɵ
ʮɣȻһ־ãɻһʼƣֻҪڹעһʱŻ
ӱɫģֳſеȷ磬ĴָָסصʱͬˮŨָײһ
žž
赭дĳ֣ȴǾҵıƣֵȺ׷˼ϷԺϰҲҳֻϣ˲ҪٴˣȻʩ֪Ҫ𻵵١
ָȥر𣬺ǼӳֹӡġˣǾǱˡӱЩɻٴݵ˵ָһΣ˳ȥ
æֵָͷų
һȴͬˣݵ׼ȲȷɹȥָײȻûʧǻһΪֳĸСһƲĳݴ
ӿıƣݰвãԼ򵹺³Իҡ
ӱзɳݷʤתۼѷǰ޿ɱܡ
ʱһӰǰһ赲סˡ
ſԼǰˣ޼ɣ
ʱ޼ɷսһɫĽװ磬Ȼ̸ж˧൱Ŀᡣ
˰ɣˣҸôǻؼҳԷˡ޼Į˵
ӱȺݺһգһ򣬲õ˵޼ɣסң
ס
֪ͺáԴͬʱӢᣬÿһζõһõڶڵľ磬ҲŽھزðɣѾร
ԣ޼ϵļһ飬ܵҲǵһ
ӣʮأ
ʮأ徳һأ֮·һؿֻҪͻʮأоǾһĻˣ
Ƕû뵽ӱȻͽʮˣʮ꣬ʮ껹ûϣڶʮǰ徳
ʮ궼Ļֱͣţ
Ϊ˻ͣҵʵҪˡԼҺĿսƴľǻ͵ΪУֻлͲоصĽɫ˭ҵĻͶ࣬˭ҵʤҪ
ʵֻԼҺңСܱߵĸׯճļƴҪ͡
ʲôţʲôܳСǶӡ
ǻ׳ɳģսġ
ֻеӳɳΪͣսе
޼ҲȻһ
ӱЦ޼ɣܲܶЦһЦʲôӡʱʱ̶̿ô࣬Ͳףףң
޼ɸΪ˳ս˵ףֻҵĽӱʮˣǰҲûʲôɽġס㣬ͬҲסҡ
˵ţ޼ֱָ̧֣
һֱȻӱЩ޼ɻЩɵʲô˼
޼˵ǲߣҾͶɱ޼ɻȥҪɱһˣΪס
ӱɫһ䣬Ҳ̫˰ɣҲͰˣܶɱģ
ܲɱģ޼˫罣Ƶӱӡҵ˭ϵģΪһǣ
⡭
ߡӱûɱˣȻߣҲֻӢʤҡǹغսҲֻҽꡣԱϣ޼ҲٵȴӱɣջؽԼһ뿪ˡ
ô˵ɱˡ޼Ѿתȥӱ޼ɣӢͿ쵽ˣӢϼһһĸңݣԼˣҲˣҲҪ
ˣԼԽԽˡһӱָֻɫһƽһЦõѾͳˣҽоǶǸơ
Ըǰͻȥӱ뿪ϷԺƵĻؼҡľ֮ɫӱ̾
ܸøԼһѡᣬǰ취
Ҳ֪ôѡʦ˵ܰγѽˣǱ϶ˣΪˣҪ޸ˡ

Լˣˣô߲һġ
ӱ̾ϢǵĶԹЩСֹģ˳Ȼɡֻû뵽ôˡǰһģһӶô죿ѵһӲ𣿵ˣȴⷬ龰
ͷгˣҲ̾컯Ūˡ
žһӱȳſ֮Ū֮ĥὫ߶䣬Σȴڻѳߡ֮ľľŮ֮
ĸŵˣھ߽֡
ɫոհ¶Ҳ¶ǡ
¹⣬ܵ


026 ·Զ
ڰصϢԼҵʱԼҶ䶯ˡ˵ʱԳɳںͼ£ϢİޱȵĴɲ豭˵ˤˡһҲʹŶЦźһ䣺ӲţţԼи
ʵԴɽǷ;ԳٶȾһֱܿ졣Ǹʱʵֻ֪ЩǶ֪ġݴС𽥽ԼߵʱǶΪ֮ǰ׾û̫𺳸С
ںηʱȴġڣŹȥһ¶ѡ
һ´ɵȷǲŶ־ݵ˵ġ
Գɳٶֻһ档ҪǣԳɳûһ˿ǣԶͣɽ׶ΣǸͻûԵֵˡ
ھͲˡˣٶ죬Ժĳɾͽ޷ԳɳǿԷĴ󵨵ȥˡ
»ûԳɳǾܹȥݣ˲ѯηƣǶݴİһ͸ʮŶǻ굤Сۺ첻ѡ
ʱԼԺ˶֪ԳɳĿеλѾ൱ҪˣԺҪԴԼүСԴ
ݹȥңѾţֵǻȻŵĿģǻû뼸ۡ
ɫĽڵƤ޷һ˫۾խֳһ˫·˿۾ǰȴܲһ˿ưеֻУ͡
Сݣǻ֮ǰѧϰһǶǻͬǰѧϰĻǶաǻʼҪԻա⡮ҪǰѻۼһȻͷţԻĲٿѶȲڰؾɡ
ݱʾ΢ף˫ƻƳȻһ򣬲ͣĦͬĦ˫Ƽ佥˻ɫâɫâʼֻһ㣬ԽԽ󣬾һͣš
ȵ֪ǻ۾ޱȺ棬Ȼѻͷųۼһ
һ̣ݾ鷢ˡ
꣡ĻһգȻ˫͵һƣڡʱǻ͵ǰƣһֱĳǰ۶ȥֱ˰ٲԶľʧ
ʧȻоϵԷɢĻȻڿС
ݿˡ
ôƫͷעݣ΢΢һЦ
ʿˮ̫ǿˡֲүү˵ǻĻ
ţ⻹ʲôǻʵ򵥵ģԽȥ󣬻ԽЩ߼Ļл֮ܡ
ǻôǿˣ治֪ʮǻʲôӰ
Цˣʮǻǡ붼롣ĻУҲоɵġһ˰뱲ӣǻûҲھо˾Ѿ˲ˣ˵ھ굤˶ֻСɫ
ЩãȻ˵绹
ˣл˵Ƚ
ĵָ£˾ԺҲݰ¼ңԺӺܴ󣬲Ųûط
ģ䷳Ľ̵ͷŻķݺܴܶණһͶҲץסһЩؼҪ㡣Ϊ˶˲赹ˮëݺ
ܡ£ѧˡֻЩԹݵѧϰٶȣҪ⺢Ӷѧ죬ԼĻ͸ˡ
ѧģҲ΢ף˫һԲֿĥģһ㵭ɫĹâ˫Ƽ䵮ԽԽ͵ȭͷСʱ㲻ˡһգȻͷųȥ
һֱĵɫⲨǰ۶ȥֻʮԶɢˡ
ûסôԶݶš
ѾܲˣѾѧˣֻǻûɡȻܳٲԶʧˣʣӦþûˣҪϤա
Щǣʵ壬ΪʲôĻԴСҵȴֻȭͷС
ҵĻӳһӡģȻҪĴһЩ
ɺҲҪһ㡣
šһ㵹ǿԡ㻹ᣬ츳ôãҽ㲻Ҫӡ˰뱲Ӷûǻǻ˵ѾбҪӡӳˡôСˣ˭ܱ֤㽫Ϊܵʲôز˭ܱ֤Ժѧ߼Ļӡ徳Ҳ9㣬ûţԺڸ߼Ļϡ
ӹһ˿ϧ̾ڻӰƺָϾͻӡ̫ϧˡڻãҲȱʵս顣ΪˣһǻͶǻûõġ
徳Ҳ9㣬ڲڰأ㣬33ţҺĵ𡭡ҪǰÿɵĻӳһӡÿȱ˵ҪǿˣţҲֻѣڶ࣬ھԺʵĻˣȻҪ໨ӡ棬ΪԼɱﵲŶԡ
ţҼסˡ⣬ʵ壬ҸղŻĻǴĻɫҵǵɫô£
شȫǾ⡣㻹ûноһĻͣûԣԻǵɫое꾳ˣԣͷųȻǴĻɫˡ
ое꾳壬оһ̫ܺ˵˵𣿡
ȻԡŮѰӹ£϶˱ݸЦЦȻ˿ڲ裬渵
ʮأӣӴ˻ԴԴϲйɵĸṩʱ˵Ѿ˱仯ʼԪƹ⡣͵ѭΪյԪϢһԪر壬ӽɣͻںϣûԣǾˮɣɾͻˡ
оһ󾳽磬С磬꾳꾳ˮ꾳ľ꾳꾳ÿСַΪڣڣڣ۷ĸ׶Ρ꾳۷ں󣬾Ҫкһ굤굤ˡǳɾͻ굤ǾǿˡݹʷĳЩʷĴûһǻ굤֮µġ
Цһ꾳ڵĻͣҲڵطˣˣ硣ڻ͵Ϊ׵ġҵ˵һЩĴɣſɨصĵӶǻ꾳ġ굤굤һӵ롣ҶѿʮˣҲ֪ûᡣҵǻˣҲ꾳۷壬ʼûн꾳
ȻͻȻһЦҲôۣҲûҪʲô¡طϣҲûܶҡ˵Ϊÿͻһ磬˵ԪҲһЩ·Զ⣬Ὣ¶
굤û뵽֮·ȻôолС磬оͻˣл굤ԼõΪ٣תۼ¾ڰأΪѾ˲ˣʵЩ굤ǿߵԼͬһ㡣
ݵ࣬һϯرÿҲڷʡԴӱԳɳǽӽԺóԺúȹţߵӭĶͺĽĿ⣬˲ҲЩ
̬һУԺҵʱʡǧҪΪԼѾǿˡԼ˵
ݽͣ꾳󣬻ԣܰԵĻӵĸáԵĻҲ壬죬û͵ķǿ꾳󣬻ԵĻҲܸ壬ûӵиǿĹͱ


027 ѿͻ
ݾ۾渵Ȼûһӵķ񡣵оһЩ֪ʶ֪꣬ѹ˰ʱ
壬жø㿴ȵȣ
ƺ뵽ʲôٱطһܳݸһƿӡ
壬裬Ҳ֪ʲô㿴
ƿĵ赹ϣⵤɫԲʵһȥһðĸоȴݵҪСβʱС³ġСݶǿ϶õġʱСÿ˶³죬һ³˶ʮһԼһʣʮ˸ۣûжóֻµǸƿװʮ
û뵽ǣһ裬˫۶ʱһխֳ۾ƽʱ࣬ҲһվŵŮһ
Ǻ鵤һϵƷʵģСݣŪģ
ݵȻ˵ǴС³ģȻǵðСŪסҿ⸱ģⵤȻǸĶǾ͸˵ˡ
ɽʱһʯ﷢ֵġҼⵤЩͼˡ
͵ĺƷ鵤
ʵ壬鵤ʲô㿴ȥܾȵӡ
СݣƷ鵤ٶǮ򲻵Ķܲȣ£ݽ͵꾳ĻͣҪԴԴϵؼԪϢڲԶʱڣôප츣ءڵĻͣؼյԪضµƷʡƷԽͣٶȾԽպͻо굤ˣǻ굤ƷҲϵ͡˵ǵ۹޻ʹһЩɽŻѡһЩԪƷʸߵĵطҲνĶ츣أ̵սҲ˶ƵƵ
һ£оĻͳؼԪ⣬ܷʳ˹Ƶ鵤һ鵤ҲƷġƷģǮҲǹľˡЩƷ鵤û˻Ʒ鵤ǼֱǱ꾳ĻͰ̫ˡƷԪϡȱҲǻҪԭ򡣺ܶţ徳ʱɳܿ죬һоٶȾˡԻһ;ڷܺ츳ȻҪԵȴ֮ءԲŻôͼͷЩӵж츣صĴˣҪöࡣ
ԭˡݵͷ鵤ãֲôķӦ
Сʲô³굤鵤Ҳ³ݶСݸӺˡ
Сİ鵤ŻƿݣֱֻƶĺȻЩᡣСݣպã꾳ʱˡ
ûȥӣǵ壬鵤Űɣ͸ˡ
°ͶҪڵˣʲô͸ң
òϣպã㲻𣿡
Сݣ㲻Ƕҿİɣ֪鵤õճȥǻһǻпܵİ
˵һһֱչˣЩҺﶼġΪһЩС㲻᲻Ҫɣ
һ˵ԼҪԼĹˣһ£ȻˬЦã鵤ҪˣСݣǷһ飡
ֵذװ鵤ƿӣ꾳ѾܽӽˣֻҪһһ¾ͻΪ꾳ڣ꾳۷ѾܾˣٸһİҲһ޴ã̫ˡ
ΪϵԼүû˿˷쳣ĿĹ
ݵСԴЦСݣҵ˵ûԼ㣬Լи
ЦݶȻ̣ͻȻ֣ǰӴ򣬰նӰ˻ȥ
ʲôˣб»Լһô
д⡣
һݣͬʱȥ߳ˣ
磡ˣݺ
һϮɫʲףȻţܵĿռ䲻ͣŤʱһڷ죬·ԵĿռ䱻ĳ˺ĿӡЩڷ콻֯һγͬ״ĺâΧתšղŹӰ⡰ڽ󡱡
չһµڽѿɡ
ѿǳߵľҪܸߡɺܱ߿ռŤսʱһ塣ܰѿռ˺ѵɻɵġѿս󡱣þƽԵС
ѿˣϲȻţѿԼûһ˽ɣ㲻ˣȻѿս󣡡
ѿѿսԽ࣬Խ
΢ЦСɣȲĳһˡ
ղŵ͵ϮоµǶסղѿսĹƣﻹһ˿⡣
ҲүԽ
ûȥĶͣ£ңң
үڽСݻɣպãѿսûҡ
üŵ˵ҵĻ㵲ס
æа취
һ̣۾ĿռҵŤһռѷһγһµѿս
ѿսΧתڿС
ӳӡˣֶһѿս󡣵ĵסذ
ˬʵЦ壬㾡ԡ
ðɡ֪ţҲ˾ȣһĵģӦ
һ̣˫ĦܿģһԲԴСĻֱĳȥǱӿĻǰԵ÷ǳС
ͻȻ䣬ţУʱߴ
ֻΧתѿսתΪģͬļתȦٶԽԽ죬󣬾쵽޷ٿѿսĵزֻһɫâγһɫıȦС
㱣Ȧϣ
ţ˫ȭգϵıǷǳѿ죬ѿսƶٶٴμӿ죬ĵزѿսôһƣֱɢ
һƨڵϣϵĳʪ͸ˡ
סˡ죬ҲܵסѿĻʱǾЩ˼顣
ݾˣճյؿŸ磬ԺȴڻطŸղŵĻ档
ǻĽȻѲͬǱȭţҲǱƴĻ
Щǵסˣ̫ǿסһҾûսˡ
˵ʵǫˡҪ֪徳ߣȴǻͣ꾳ڣĻǼӳֹӡġʵ׶ε˽徳˶ᱻɱȻĻûˣѾܲˡ
ԣüͷ壬ͻȻ뵽ʲô


028 ľģСݵ̬ȡ
ھأԻ磬жȣþȷܰѿսƿصĺܺáղѿսٶѴﵽ˼£Իľ޴󡣹пûԴԴϵĻ䣬ҲǼֲôõġղżˣǲǽ˻ӣʮˣ
ʣĳȥѵһµıչأˡѿͻΪʮ
߹赭д˵ţѾˡ
ƽһ仰ȴޱ𾪡žţҪٽϲú˷ܣҲֻ赭дĴ
Щţ֮ĻŰһγԼСˡ
ֳȥоȵɫŨˣ˵ûֵѪ̫ˡǺ棬ǵĸ׾˭ȻǵõĴУ
׶֣ӹһ⣬ܿıס
ʵˣȻܿģ˵ǸӱļһҲʮأҪӢϴܴү͸أڸҲʮˣõӱˣ
šͷоĻѶԼˣʵԼСеλεӢ϶ΪμӵġүӵĿָ޼һΪԼҶõһ
޼ȻױȣӢϺӱΣӱܣƺ޷ı״ˣӦûıɣ
ԽӢҲڴ
Ӣᣬճ죬ÿЭһʢᡣһһΣҪСʵÿһζõһļ壬õճ췽ṩĽƷƷǳи߼굤ϡҩȵȡ˵εĽƷһǼĻǳѵá
ӢᣬϵļμӣܱߵׯҲϴȡùھļ壬ԼҾҡΪҳ˸ӱԼѾ϶ԳɳǺܲģÿҼʱҲҪЦûӡԵ츳󣬻ôӦҪص࣬ΪľӢȰѹȥٻѹңճΪһҡǰѼչճȥҲпʵֵ롣
˵ףӢҵһս
ймɣйڣӮȻʣɨء
ϵһЩСҲӢжϳҵСӶжӦһҡ
ӱǸ˲ţҲͷɫָһЩӢỹЩʱգڼϢ죬ȥɽһˡ
ȥɽΣգü
ɽǾܱߵɽӾжȥҪʱ䡣̣кܶ׶Ұ޳ûд˵ȥޣǻޡ徳ȥǷǳΣյġ꾳ĻͣҲֻܱתƣ롣һ֧͵Ķ飬໥ӦŸɽ̽ա
ȥѾȻһˣҪΣյģҾҪѧΣյĻ档Ӣᵽ֮ǰҪĥԼʵսûлֻкЩҰɱˣͨʵսõĥһѿͶѿսաһսʤӱİҲҪһЩ
Ȱ뷨ûҪޣ˵㣬Ҳܲ
ͷ֪Ҳȥģֻܱߴԡ
֪ٶ˵棬ֻõúһ壬עⰲȫӢǰͻȥҸ׸õ굤ɽʱá
΢ЦүҪ굤˼
ݶԸ뷨ݲѣ磬ҲҪĥʵսһȥɣ
ݣͱȥˡڰˣΪ٣Ҳ֪ʲôԭ򡣾ͳӾúõɡ㲻õһھҲ˵
૵ûôŰɡ
ʼ磬Цϰ˿ţҵѵ𣿡
ɣݵͷֵɻˣһȥ̽նʵս
ðɣ硣
УǽҪȥ˯һˡԱϣתȥ
𼱣˵Ựﶼһûˡ߽ӡ
ݺһЦ


һԲԴСɫĳڿԺ֣ǰٲŽɢ
΢΢һ䣬֡
ȥǻɡȻӳһӡ棬ӡʣ32㡣
죬ûٹʵԭĴǣѾѧˣҲҪָһµġ
Ȼָ֮⣬ʲôĿǾͲö֪ˡ
ϵǣƷ鵤
Ʒ鵤ϷֱߵĹչ״̬Ҫ꾳ڡ
ԳɳǺԼҵĸͣΪиߵ͡Գɳ꾳۷ڣ꾳ڣͭ꾳ڡ
ͭƽղͣ൱˴ҲûֳߵȽ꾳ڣھϾѹͭԳɳǰ˵Ҳ˷
ȻǰЩ΢Ĺϵǲ֪ġһֻҲòġ
СݣҪȥɽˡ֪ʱݵ
硣תʵʲôʱ
ڡ
֪𣿡
֪ͺ˵ˣˣʡֲġҲڵЩ죬˵˵
ݵͷãҪעⰲȫ
ӻͳһСɫС򣬵ݸݣγţүӸҲٶӰòϣšЩѰµСҪǴ򲻹ҲܿܣóԿ
ûȥӣүүõģɽôΣգŶ԰
ҡҡͷòϡ˴ǰȥΪΣգΣж־ͱÿսҶӣһҪȡʤҵ־ĥµļ͡ҲɽǿĻޣɽܱˣǿӰҲӲԣûõġ
ݶԸܾһǰȫЩȰ磬㻹
˵ˣţˡӰӲתߡ
ֻóıӰ磬һҪСİ

ʱһȥѾ뿪˰ˣѶӴô󣬶ӻǵһζԳԶţһΣصĶɽÿ϶ѿʱһʱĸ졣ݣҲ϶
ҹ˾ʱҲ磬絣ǡʱȴ徻ûκ
µҲгɾͨ͡ϵϰָͻԻѾ൱ˡָͷŽЧҪһ㡣һĻݻûнӣûеҩĲָĺ
ջܴ󣬵ھȴǲôһ㡣ȻҲżŰ¶ѣΪûͻƺôھˣҲ̫ˡ
µݸоĽѾССˣֻмôˡⲻЩźǽ𵤳ûˣԼٶȿܻ½ɣ
ȻҲֻĲ²⣬Ҳ֪ʲô⣬СʲôҲ֪𵤻᲻ʧֻ߻ᷢʲô仯
벻ľͲҪȥ룬Ⱦ絽ˣһжˡ
Ե֮ͣ
ĥ־ľģҪз̬ȣ
ҲμӢᣬһ´գΪԼ⡣֪ÿμӢޣԼΪһĹھĸڵΪ滹޼ɺоѹţֻڵģûлᡣڽھأоܻˡ
ҲäĿÿһԼơ
ԼϢһ죬ʵķһ£ܵõõЧɡ
㿼ǣݾȥһߣɢɢġ
ʱŹ磬ʱе̫ôż΢ϰϰ˻һˬ
ûдҶֻһ˳Ŀ߹䡣ȻСǶϵġƣҳŵƤӡ
ھһҾƹݵʱͻȻͣ½ŲΪ˺֡
ֵܣЩӲˣ
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ӱʵԵôԸһ𣿡
룬ȥԵõСˡ룬Ӧһ䡰ƹȥ
ʱӱһգߵû뵽ˣǹȻԵȺ̸һ̸رһ°ɡ
ͷȥ¥ϵż
á


029 ݣҪҸ
ƹݶ¥̨Բϣһ裬ġҶɢ㣬ɢ𡣼򵥣ȴ¡
ټĸо׺Ҳһζ
ݼһλӿţû£ǵ¥µʱ򣬺񻹿á
ӱָָλù°ɡԱϣֶվ̨˵СһµĲ
ǡ˹ȥӱ˼ҪȥСҲҪ뿪ڴȺ
ӱҪݵԻ
ȻûˣӱɫȻЩżɽ˵ݣоĻ¿ģ
ݵȻġүүûΪѡӡ
ӱ΢Цүүеͦеġ
ݵһˣĻô֡
һôӱȣȷ磬Ȣо磬ֲ㡣үӰܰ㣬Լˡ
ʱСµĲ߶Ϊһȥ
ŵʲôģҲءҴСԼҳԼ˶ҲĿģҲ㹻ˡ
㲻ӱһЦðɣܰǰ˳Ͷң˵˺ܶ¡˵ܰη۸㣬Ц硣ҪˣҲˣǻã
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ĸоͷƤ顣
뿪ΪҺԼҵĹϵȰ㻹ˣûõġ
˵͹ˣֻǾ¡ӱҲ˿ڲ裬ŵʵ˵˰ɣҺмϲҪ㡣
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СðˣүүҵҲӦ˵ǲϲ£
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ӱȴ˵䲻⣬ֻҪԸ⣬ǿȶ飬ʱ䵽ˣȻ¡
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ǲƽʱ˺˼ơҲһߺȲһ˼š
һڿǵӣӱҲֻעı仯
ãݻڣӱŻԲھʹңҸʱ俼ǡ
ͻȻЦЦ˵ѵôмֵôȻѡַʽҡҿǸɵŮϲңǼǿңǺһӣ
ߣЦǻǺݵİ
ӱɫһЩˡǰԼģǸ¸ҸҵŮӣֱֱ£治Ϊ档
Ϊ𣿡ϷʵЦҸȢԼҴС㣬ȢС㣬ӴԺҺҸ绹ôֵܣ
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пܣӱһ֣ң
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ȥƽ̹⻬Сϡĺɫ
ݴСƷкܺãûɹ͵СŮϴĹ޵Ļ档
æתٿȥˣȻȫѪҺӱǿ
С㣬Ǹʲô
תȥһЩûʲôһ¡
ԩ˵ǲ˵ڻ£ȻҴˣ޹
ȻһЦҿɲˡǹѵ·㿴ġܴܺ󵨣˵㿴⼸֣Щɬ
ЩˣһӴŵ㡭Ϊʲôҿ
Ϊָڴżܣһͨ죬ݣҪҸڱ㿴ˣռ˱ˣ˦

ʵҺÿ𣿡
Դã³֣ÿ
ﲻתӣúÿҡ

ô˵
ʵҪٿ㣬Ҳʲô¡ֻΪҲֿӾͷҪ㸺ˡ
һ㶣æ㲻븺ⲻǾΪ
ݵҴûҪӡ
㣡ҧͻȻס㿴ҵӲ븺Ǿ˯һ𣬵ǵĺӴӶĳ㻹𣡡


030 һβս
ݳױˡô󣬻ûŮӡ˫ַȥץȴպץֶʱ񴥵㵯
ڱе㶼ƨˣѵϸ𣡣
ңҡֲǹģƨɡ֣һƨһ̣ʱҲߣߣûˣֱȥ
ɲԸߣñӱһ
վԣȴظ߶ҧ˫ȭգ߳ŭĵͺȵݣⶼİţӲעˡҵҲ㿴ˣ˦ңҾҲҪ㣡
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ע̾ϢһӴȥͣŽֵܣͷҲһһ¡ֱƹ֣߽һСȷӱû׷˿
Ϣǲ̫ǱˣҳЦ
ǸŮֲħʲôµģԣҲǸŮӣŮ˶㲻ϡƽԺֲԾĸղżǸӡ
аޣԼһ⣬룬ֲǻһӣŮţǻˮա
ľӳֵٶʲôã֪ǻˮ»ǻԸǰִ̣˲ˡĩ˴˵һ䣺ĵҲ
ݵʱӵͷֱ߳һˣݼм䡣
Сӣõͦġ
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۸ǵˣôˣ
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һƤʵĴӣĹĵġһεֵ֥Ƥŵ鲻ɵѪ֥˼˼ѵһپˡ
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Ҳ˵ˣ˼˼ҲС˵ڻûȬܱܵñ۸ٲ֣δСҡ
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·֪ûãæûӰƵֿ
һǻӰƽҵǻͻЦϸֳϷʵЦ
ݵĻӰѴɣּӳһӡصʱǺ˻ôÿһӰݸ˻
һ׻ӰƴȥʱǰϰٸӰÿӰɫĻһĥιâô͵Ļ
Щ⡣֪ڰأԳֱֵǻͻ
ͻҵƻ֮һȻʼֻǻҪ߳Ϊͣ꾳ͷųġͻͻԣԪϢΪʵʵﵽǻ굤кһһΪ壬ͬʱͷųﵽǻ
ھأڰصͷųͻԭΪһо£ȴû뵽ݾȻһǻӰơĻˣ
˵ֱĸо
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磬ηСϳԹСӺаţһԸ˼һЩҲٶ˵ݶ֡
ĹֶκаţҲûֶţݲͣתۼ䣬͵ϴԭͻȻ·ѿ˶˫͹沼Ѫ˿ϵϸߡ
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һ̣ǰ㣬͵һȣһ˺ѷεĺ
һֻԼ궼ҪɳʹԴʹѡܿǴкһĻ
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ھص˺ϻݵĴ൱Σգ
СȴƺûܵħӰ죬ܹ͵ݵֱһҧȥݵ־ʱһѣСѴ¶צѶԳɳǸǻ굤
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Ȼ䣬һɹɾҵĻⱬ··Դݻһеļƿӿ
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ٶ굤ûá̫ðˡвֻܵǵĸţڻ굤ҩڻǰûаѻͷųȥͻᱩûнӣѩɽݲô
ղţֻǽҰˡ
Ҳֻʼ磬˵ûղֻǽңԼˡ룬Ǻ²ѣԲ취ԵڶΡ
˫ֱأһʤȯյӣݣ취ʹˣ˵Ҳȫˡ㲻Ƕ֡ڸǻȥǾͲΪ㡣
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Сǵһβսȥɧͣȥ
СݼϱȥٶͻȻü죬ڵһССӾʹܵǰһֻСӣҲûô⣬ɵֻСӾȻӰơʱͷšħˡɲұ֤ܴӰơĺӹԼԼ᲻ᱻˡ
ʹսֶκССʵûʲôȻᡰӰơҲᡰָûҲûо徳ĶûЩҲܹˡûйȴƫƫٶȼ죬ʱʱĴʮӰŵĻͷšħĻᡣ
һߣ͵ġͻѾͷų
һΣûѡܣжϡͻ·ߣ˫ĦŽµĵʹ
ɫĻ£͵ɫͻײһ𣬽ҳһټĿŵɫĻǴӵڶĻ̡
ʱݱٶȳͳȥӶͳһСɫԲ뿪ǰġӰ
С
顪
Ӱˤڵϣʱһҵ̹⡣âɢȥ󣬷Բٲһɫֲָ
׼ݣѾ֮زز
һͣܵԼǰ˿̾ԼȷЩǱǱ׷ҲûʲôԼҲûԿΪԼߵ˵ĺϻԼȫˣѾгɾ͸ˡ
ܾ֮࣬˵ʲôȥͻȻһ
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Сû
ĺ⼫ԼУతҲɱ֡СֻһֻӣһֻǺµĺӣѱǲСɱйޡ
УҵûȥС
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ԶݶϣһСӰıĹݴϲСǲҷɾ裬עС󣬿û׷
СݺܽʱСıϵһƤӡ
ǸƤӺܴ󣬿ȥҲܳСæţԵúܻ
ݺС˷ܵĽţһͷԽݵĻ
ݱתȦָǸƤʵʲô
Сָָ
ݵˣүĴӣʼһ֥Žȥ˵ġ
СͷæԸָȥ˼Ҫݿؼң÷ߡ
ݳԸСܹȥͿŵĻЦŴкʹĴЦⲻȫˣǷһ


031 ʮأ
ݵķһһһƤǰڴ̰Ĺ⡣
ҴүİЩʲôأ
ƤӵײƤӾʶĶȫ˳һε֥ݺСߡͻѪ֥ҩС˷ܵ㵸ţһɫĲݣЩϸһ˪˪һһ׿ǡ
ݣʶġԳɳǸĶǻ굤֡ײݡƶɵġ
˵ףҲǺöѵһҩƵǣЩݣûκζˡ
ҴүİȻֻһѪ֥ʮײݡ
һƨڵϣɥ˵ˣүҩġ
ݵʧСȴǳ˷ܣǸѪֵ֥ĸ
СɣԾͳ԰ҲûáݻΪƤʲôһĻأĿǰû˳ֵıͻ
ͻ굤һҲǷΪʮǼͺ߱ѵáԳɳǶݺôãҲֻڸǻ󷽵ĸǷ굤ȴûκһ
ԸͣԼҲûжġ
εӢᣬһԵõһǻĽǳˡҲμӢһԭ
СҲûԥͬˣһڽѪ֥ȥȥ֮ǰСצ渧һ᲻óԵӣǳɰ
ûݾԵؿС巢Щ΢ı仯
С˫Ź⣬ȫɫëЩĺɫë棬Ȼһ˿˿ͬѪҺҺ壬һһصС
һӣСϷʧˡָоСһЩëҲǰҪһˣʶ仯
˼СؾԳĺ⣬һʳﲢܴٽĳɳҪɳܾҪʳЩҩСˣҲǾԳһһЩҲõİְ
뵽СĶӹſ³һ衣
һɫĵ裬ֻһۣݾжϳǻ굤
굤ԵúйҲŨܣݷõĶǻ굤ҪһЩ
ǻ굤۾˵
Сͷ˻˻Ľš
ֲôģ֥ʳȻǻ굤Ҳ˷
СһûԱӣһײȥһᣬ³һ裬ƽʱõĶǻ굤ˡ
Щ֣ǱС³Ķǻ굤۲죬óԼƽʱʳȽϣȻ֣С³Ķǻ굤ŨܣƷҪԳɳǸĸ˺ܶࡣ
ݴ֪굤ȻΪʮǼÿǼҲƷʣͺ鵤һҲΪƷ
ƷϾģƷĻϾͺóˣƷǻǮ򲻵ġ
֪ԼƽշõƷģֻǲ֪ⱻС³ƷƷ
ԳɳǸҪЩˡ
СƳ굤ƳĻ굤Ʒʶܸߡ
ԼʮĶײݣݺ⣬ЩݲܸСϣСɳܱʮƷʵĶǻ굤ԼѾܸоھزԶˣЩ굤ľͷʱǵ˼¡
Ҳٶ˵С³Ļ굤ŽܵȥɫѾˣȥɽϪѾˡ
Ǵһ׻ӰƣȻ󲻶ϵָоѷˣĽҲڻˣóⷺǻ굤һ̽
ǻ굤һ¶ǣʱɢǿҵҩЧݾŻӱ
ᵽǻ굤ҩЧȻͶǻ굤޴̰ҩоԼΪÿһ
ĽҲڻţڻҺѪҺȫӣǻ굤ɢĻȻûںϣǼҵĶƺ˭Ҳݲ˭ҪѶԷߣǳԵ
ǻ굤Ļ޴󣬾ѽҺȫѹȥǽ𵤲ͣڻţԴԴϵ֧ԮǰߣͻǻǹǿһѽҺԵתۼ侹Ҳ뵽˸ƽ𵤣
һ̣·仯һͷſҰޣһǽҧȥ𵤱ƣʼҵĲͻȻѿĽҺ壬ͻ˺ܾãŷǻ
ʱԭټĽ𵤣ƺڻ̫ı壬ʱ̶ֻСˡ
ݴʱѾˣôῴǽѱһŶӵ״
ǻ굤ͽ𵤵Ķϣọ̈̄ܵһǰδеĳоʶﴫ
žžžžžžžžž
ʶ˾ŸӡݣΪͻƣ뵽ھأ
ԻĲ
û뵽̿ھس̣ûдԸĵõһǻ굤Ȼǻ굤ҩЧԼǻ굤ͽ𵤵ĶԼھء
˷֮ʱȴûз֣ǿɽ𵤻ɵĶ³ݵ
һǶӱųɫ͹âһѿӱƤƿսһӡ
һɣ·̳Ϊڵ䡣ڵĻѩɽǻĻЩɢѪҺεĻ׷ӿȥеĽ뵽׳ӣеغ⣬ػӵĻ
ãƺѾΣ΢΢İڶÿڶһΣһƻѿ˳ǻһ󣬱ѩɽȥ
ṹѩɽ
ѩɽѭ
ݵĻԴԴϡ
žžžžžžžžžž
ʶʮ죬ݾȵ˵
ζû뵽ԼڿٵĽھغ󣬾Ͻ˻ӣʮأ
̫˷˼ˡ
˷˼ǣĻӲɻɣֱصĽ𵤱仯ɵġ
ܿ˵ĻӺԼĻӣͻᾪķ֣˵ĻǵĻɫģǳȴɫұƤһ㿴ȥӲޱȵĽɫ
ҡĽʮˣһƨڵϣԼ˫֣Ȼš


032 Ͳݣ벻
ʶѾ޳ʮӡȴţŰŰɵ̬ȣ˻
ͷһֽŵڶĸ
һﴩ󣬱ۣҫķǳ
ֱͷŵݲŸеǽƣĻЩˡ
һ£Ѿܿ϶Լȷǽ˻ӣʮˡ
ҪǰͷųҪϢ߿ǽڻҺ岹
ݴ߳ȥʱоعͷһۣ磬ʮصģҲ
ĩˣ¶΢Ц磬Ҫˡ

ʮȥȻѽʮˣȻûзǿȵھغʮؼͬһʱ̽ģ׶εĸо̫Ϥ
ſƣӵʹáҪȥϤÿ絽ˣϻúϤÿãΪˡ
ͺñͬڰص˶սһЩʱգһŸոսãȽʤҪܶࡣ
ݴʱϪϢʱ򣬲Ѿ뿪ҿһµĸ磬ޱȵǡǶɽȻûȥķǳΣգܲ絣ġ
֮ʱͻȻƳԼԶһһӱţԼﻺ
ӱݻаٲʱݺݺһӡ
ݽżһһԴʯͷ֮ʯͷһĨʱʯͷһ㵭ɫĻ֣ǿŴ۶ȥ
ʯͷ׼ײڴϣƣײһԷȥһϵжˮȻˮ
Ȼֻϰʮ죬ݶԻѾǳˡ
ӴӴ߳ؿݣһ˵õµȻһʯͷͰˡ࣬ǲడڰعȻܱȵġ
ݵĺ޵С޵Ϊͣʶ㣬ݵΪݸղһֶԻʹգپھء
΢ЦһεĵǳʽǸıˡţˣء
޵вΪȻ˵ʲôҵΪٶȾţ
ݲϼ˵޵Աתƻ޵үʲô£
޵еɲ£Ҿһȵġүү룬ȥ
ãھͺߡ֪ʲô𣿡
ӢˣȷμӢѡɡŶԣҲˣѾˡ
һ㣬ϲҸˣ
ţһк˵ġɹˣǰˡ޵Ź⣬·˵Լż
ߣǿȥ޵еȾܡ
޵лûأûĽ׶ΣȻ޷ȡ۵ͷ³ˣǺ˵ôҲүүһԸѣӢûʲô¡
ԣȻûͣ£ٶһЩʵ⻰ô˵
ԼֻүүѾ޼ɣоˡ
มӦһ㲻ٶʣ޵мȥ
޵һٽӣקܡ
硣
Լң
һ̤ǰĽݣԳɳǺȻվһӭݡ浹õڵЩȡôɫҲڵõλӭɣ
Ҫ֪ղԳɳǶûô顣
ԳɳǺסݵߣûлȥѰ硣
ݵĸ첲ʮ˷ܣССݣ㿴ʲôͬˣ
壬ǲΪˣۼ⣬Եķ˱仯ȴǿµġ
ûѾ꾳ˣ˵
̫ˣԼҵʵֽһˡݿԳɳǣʵүүأ
һûС鵤İҲ˶ԶˡԳɳЦе˵ţȻΪû꾳ȻջҲܲȻҲԳӭ
ǾͺðҸأѾȲҪˡ
ԶԣˡԳɳǺæÿȥֻһվڵǰЦĿݡ
ӱ
ϤӰȴһ㶡Ϊһ²ĸ磬Ȼ˾޴ı仯
ֱ仯ȫڵģڵġ
ӱϿڵǰҪ˲٣ϵѾȫȥϳ۽Ǹ⣬ϻԶһǳǳץۣ϶ںͶɽЩ׶޲ʱµġץȻѾǳˣҲ쿵ˣ뵽ʱּҲɱĳ档һѪ죬һ
ʵսǰҪϬ˺ܴܶ࣬ʱЦģݴֳЦȴ˼ͺӾˣһְѳֲסĸо
վﲻһɱϢɢܰ޵־ˣ϶վˡ
ţ룬羿Լģһ²ʱ䣬˶ٳ
뵽Щᣬǣġ
Ժ
磡
һ̣ԭĥŶˣĺһſ˫˽˸Ļ
ҲŸߴĴһչ֦Ҷӭӵܵܡ
ֵܶû˵ֻԵıһ𣬽ֻǷֱһ£ĸȴΧ˶ݡ
һĻԳɳ̾Ϣ˼ֵܣôĺáٿǼҼС޼ɲˣηֿ޵вϣ޵Ҳ׽
ҲЩݣҸЦݣǾͲݣ벻
оϣ봽£һǰ˺λӴﴫ˳ͬŮ٣Ϊഥĵ֡λŮУ
֪˶ףǱֵĸж㷢Լĵ
ɼһ£ĵǲҪٰ
ⳡݺֵӵ¿ˡϯ˵Ц޼ɺо˵ĻҪһ㣬޵кܰ˶죬ҲһζҲԴΪԼ˺󣬴ҵһξ۵ô롣
ϯ䣬޼Զֻһо¶ǣ޼Ȼûƺ˵ЩԴ΢΢ȥЩ챻ɱ˰ɣڵʺܲɱ֮Ũܺá룬ٽûʹаˡ
ȴ̹ϵ˵УһӲס
޼ЩȣƽʱΪŵģҲǸͦˣؾǫˣ
޼ʵΪʲô
ΪҺ㲻һһûɱˡ


033 ҲҪСã
Ǳ飬޼˫һͣס˵
˵ڽһ̣õָоɱ޿϶ǲͬġĽɱ̫Ũأûɱ˵ĸоǿ϶Ӳ
޼ڷǳԼ˵΢΢һЦʵ˵ףǾСʵˡҵСȻ츳Ȧլ磬ʲôɱʲôһӱȷǸѵõĻţҲֻӢֵ㵽Ϊֹıϲʤ㡣ǳһɱĽˡ
Ǵû뵽ȻпϵıԼ޼ǲЦݾȻֳЦ⣬˵û뵽㻹ͦ˽ҡûǰεӢᣬҺӱֻʹʮ
޼ݵ֮УֵҪӱҲҪȥˣˡ
޼ɵɫð˻ԭΪıԼȴû뵽ȥ˵ԼĶ֡
ھԣ
ôҲ˵ڻӲ
Ҫϣ㲻ң
ǿɲСֻ˵Ӳδزһԡ
ãǾԣ޼ɷ¿ӣվ
ˣҵø磡˼мо֣ס޼ɵļһְֻס󣬵ܺúõĳԶٷ𣿱һҪвУ͵ΪСңǵĿˮ絽ˣôԣ
Աϣоվͷӣ޼ʩͭ˵Сˣ
оͻȻľٶһ˶һ㶡
޼㿴ңҿ㣬һᣬĹЦ
С񣬻ϯĲ죬ֱصһž۵ΧС
ԳɳļΪƮ΢Цо˵úܶԣԺһˣдд輴ɣҪ˺ӢˣΪѣҪѧŶϣܶԱ˴
ƱүӣҶ޼ֻо壬ûκ˵ţѾƱٵ޼ǰ޼ɣҾ㡣
޼ɼȲԸľӣٺҵ˶ҵĽĺܣ
Цû¡ҽ꾳ˣƤʵЩˣ̼Ľ
ԳɳЦãһҪٲʢһһãҪľŽᣡ
ȥͭ
ֵͬʱ
ҪССǶȥǺ쵰ѧģ
֪ˡҺҲ棬ǴСͰ
ͭͷҲİɵҲڼ֡˭۸ģҵһ
⻹࣡ԳɳǴӣֳȥȥɽоôоԼ꾳жԶʮˣаڶʮǰΪ𣿡
˵оܲѾһЩԪϢ壬ͻʼںˡ
ʲôֻԳɳǣͭ˶ޱȾȣԪغͻʼںϵˣ
µĲȴԳɳǵɼ𾪡
ʮغ屻죬ϵÿһֶӵкܣ·ÿһֶһԵʼؼԪƹ⣬֮Ĺ̲ҪӦ֮ʱȴǺܳġҪ꾳ȾҪӦĸоһȹˣ֮ͻὥĽ壬Ȼ𽥺ͻںϣ󱻻ӽɡȻӳ׽ԪϢܲԵĻˣҲǳɹˡ
ҪܳҲȫǿڷܳɹġҪӦµĺɺ淨򣬿꣬ʮ
˵ҪΪһǲ׵ģ˻ҲһܳΪֻͣ˳Ϊ͵ĻᡣҲȷҪˣȻ;ͲֵǮˡ
ÿһΪ͵ˣš
κʱ׵ġʱȻɻס
ͼš
̫ˣ̫ˡԳɳ˵Щ˵໹Ҫһ꣬ͻΪˡܸ˴ľϲ²ҪһôðɡΪͣԼҾˣǰŲˣ
ǰԼҺҸ͡ΪһսԼҵĻԽսҵһͱУΪˡҵʵǸĸ͡ұԼǮСְԼҵСѹģҵʵԸһ
ΪˣȫͬˡڣΪ˻ͣԼҿսʲôˡ
֮ǰ˵սֻлͲǾʤء
Ϊһڻ͵硣
ãܺãھһ²μӢѡɣ
ԳɳһӣվĿ⳯Сȥ޼ɣо
ֵվԳɳؿɫСӢμӣһҪŽүүҪӮˣүүҾܶ꣡
ǣо
үүҲԳɳǸ׼£ȴԵҲվ
Գɳסˣʵʲô
ݵҲҪμӢᣡ
Գɳû뵽Ҳ뷨û׼ҲֱӾܾݣģº͵İοСݣ֪Ϊүү⣬㻹СҪȻҲڰˣоڰҪ硣оμӣźϹء
ʵүү˼ǣֻҪұȴСǿҾܲμӣ
ԳɳǵҲϣʱȣȷ˼
ʱηҲվȻүү˵ˣҲҪμӣԱϣηָһָʱָһ
ԳɳϲηҲڰˣ̫ˣԼֶһʸΪ͵ˣҼң
ηЦţݺоԭΪԼûˣȴû뵽ԼҲ˻һӺоƽҶͬһ׶ϣ˭ҿ϶˭ǿ˭
ηǾҺʹ㣬ݱһ˭ʤ˭ȥ
⡭ԳɳǳȥĳЩҪϵʱүѾϰѯ϶˼˼أ
Ĭţ˼
ˡоһۣ΢ЦһŮӣͲϲȻȤԸø
ʵԸ⣿
Ը⡣о˵⻰ʱ۾ġ˼ѾˣΪʲôԸ⣬øĵܵһʲô
ݰڰ֣ҲҪСãμӢĻᣬҪʵȥȡǼˣҲŲμӣǺԼҡ
תо񣬵С㣬ҪĲĸ裬ҪһᡣΪҺãͺұһɣ


034 С¥ϻ֡
оȥߵ˵ͷ
ǺðɡоΣĬĬ̾Ϣݰıԣ򲻹ҵġ
ƺо￴˵ʲôֵС㣬Ӧһ
˵
ʾңǺԼң
û뵽˵أоüɫ֣صصͷҾ֡
ã˷ֶ֣ܵԶηүǾȺʹСԣûɣ
ηͷȫûպÿһǵս֪֪ˣԼʤҲҪһЩ
ηҲͬ⣬߳о˸롱ƣС㣬Ǿڵ԰ɣ
о΢Цŵ˵ͷ㡣
ݾԳɳʱүһקס
үүôˣ
ԳɳССݣүүܿ㣬㡭ĲоĶ֡
ʵô˵
ԳɳǳоһۣŵԭоͱȽڰأԵڰصĸоҪúܶࡣһΪӢȡúóɼҰѼһЩҩͻ굤óˣΪоھس̣ҵ࿹⡣
ˣʵүү˼ǡСѾھˣ
ԳɳԺصͷûоԻǿ磬жˡϵĲ޷ֲ£ԡ򲻹оġ
ݳĬˣԳɳº͵˵СݰҲ٣츳ܺãҪ˶ΪͻᾫġⳡԾˣˣʧܵӣӰòʧ
̧ͷͻȻԳɳһ䣺үүһ𣿡
Գɳݵļ磬үүִ֪ţǿйЩ¡
ݴԳɳǣҲ˵˵ҲһǴȵô죬һҪǼȣҪսʤС㣡
ʮԳɳǣλүһ룬㲻ˣ֣ţ»ȥɡ
ллүү
ߺ߹ЦСݾӣ첻µز£˵£Ȱ˵ġ
Գɳǵͷֶ֣ص˵ǲ֪غص֮󰡣һأƻˣʵսҪǿʮٱЩԻоãӱˣԴ͸оˡ
ͬ׵˼СšһһΣСעҪԿˡҲã΢ѹһʡˡ
ʱѹȥԺ･ĴһЩķ硣
ϵĴϷɣȺӵĸͬϰǡ
⣬ҡҷݺоӶ
һɫڵƤĴ۾г˼ͶսĿվޱš
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ˣһһҲһֶԱȡ
˫ƿʼǰߣָܻĸоС㣬롣
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ݰ룬ѹоһﲻ֣ԭΪֻӰɣȴɱսֶΡ
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һбʮֳֳìСʱ½ݱȥ
ݾ۾ӭսָ˫¡ƽʱʱʹõľָָѾ˴ɵĵزָҲǺֿ죬һͷųӦĽЩڶСȫɢ
֣ԽսԽ˷ܣС㣬
оһЦղһסС¥͸һסϻ֡¾ͲָӦˡ
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һһıɫĹ⣬һƻԱ֮ǰʮٶȴƮһԴСൽһ룬ϰٸֳֳìݡ
ȷоԣݳһͷųʮȻָӦˡ
Գɳ̾˵ˣоڴţֺͻһ𣬼ֱɱȻʱֲǿɱҪͬĶ֣ʤǼ󡣶ݵΪһԽǶˡ
ͷĽӼʵ˵ĽˡСǸֻҼ޵Уһ
һĻȴû˵ʲôֻĬĬעűԡͻȻָоܾûôԡ
˵ۣɫȻţ쳣ء
ϵķָУæˣĴԵϡһƸ˻ÿһϣϵ֦ҶͣҶ׷׶¡
һɨ㽫µҶץУ˳ЩڶȥʱһƬƬ渲ŵɫâҶɢЩȥ
ҶģÿһƬҶ͸ÿһ࣬ǴԭΣΪɢĻɢڿС
ҶƻɣΪҶӻͶ
˷ֱоһ꣬Ҳûһӽʮ
оġϻ֡ͱַʽƽˣ
ߺֶԻĿƣھأ
ԳɳǿˣվߵԵĸоλ˵ڲͣĲ򼤶˷ܶ
ڣԳɳҲһߺСݣֱǸ
ǰǰǵƤӵɡڡȻͽھˣȷǸﰡ
ԳɳǵѹôаգС
ţһֱδҲˣֶԻƿȻھزһˡоĻǿֺγˣսھصˣûʹʯѵãȻûʹҶǸ˲šоˡ
ԱϣƫͷĿϡ
ֿʼݵˡ
ֵʲôͷ
Գɳǵ˵𾪱ԵõĬ
΢΢ĵСݣȻҴһϿʲôǿˡ
оӣݲٱ򣬶ʼС㣬ڸֵˣ
˫ƸոĦ˫ƼץһԲ򡣺ܿģƼһ㵭ɫĹââѸֱԴСݲŽ˫ʣٺݺǰƳ
ǡ
ԲСĻо۶ȥСӣǰѻӡӳˡ
޴Ĺֱݼӳ֣оܵ˾޴ѹɫ˿䣬Լ㡣
һٴδдȥȴǱȡϻ֡Ϊҡ
ɻ仯ɳۼоǰ棬Ϊһǽڡ
ǽϣٶȼȻоƽ
һһɱǽڱ嵹һ㣬ͻиɳһµǽڣֵǰ
оɱתɷֶΣһĥݵĻ
оϾûʮأûнӵڵĻϣݵĻĥ벻ˡ
ʱѾǰһ׻Ӱƴ˹
ϰٵӰ˻
оɫڳ˾֣һ㣬ʱ䵭ɫڽ£
ֵǻ
ųĹ⣬ȻһϳĹβоߡ
ݵĻӰƴ˿գѵĻᣬָɽоƹȥ
ʱо
䣡


035 ͺģϵġ
ԶԶоָѾۼĻ˫ָһֿŻҲ֮ɢ
оº͵˵ЩСͽ̡
оϿʧܵľɥǵЦݣݻ΢ЦݣҿûʳԣȷѾȫҼˣӢᣬȥɡ
лСȫݵͷȺηηǶӰ󣬵үֵˡ
η˰֣εЦݣ㶼ھˣĶ֡ǾͲñ˰ɡ
ݵͷη֣Ƶ˵Ҿ͵ʲˡ
룡룡ηҲҲѣԼûйֵĳͷȻӾҪˡʼΪԼѾݺо㲻ܳԽҲһԣٴҶͬһ׶ˡ
û뵽ԼΪǡ
ѾˣΪ͵ģԼ
뼸ǰݻֻһڶضûмһھôԼСеĵλˡ˱ˣ˰
ηͷɥҡҡͷһο϶ԼһӶϲˡ
үү˵ûѾľһ
ˣʤѷ֣һ²μӢѡԳɳ֣߿ص
ԼҲμӢĴǡ޼ɣ
Сݣ

ܿ͹ȥӭһ굱Ϊֵ֮һӢᡣ
죬½˺ܶ࣬˶һϺ£ŮҲ˸ʽ硣
յû̫ɫģżήһɹ磬ϯƮڽֵϵĿݻҶ
＾Ȼ١
˿ûܵӰ죬ǵǣֵװκͱӭܱ߸ׯǰμʢĴԶ顣ҲƽڼССߺɤӽڸֵͬʱ׬СǮʵǣӢǰ⼸죬Ƕ׬
СǵıֻӢҪĿڱ֮ǰһʢᡣ
ǳԷȾƣϷȵĿĽĿ˲μӢĴ⣬ֻҪûǮ˶ܹμӡǣҲǱĿʱĹڡ
ԼΪ֮һռݵϯλȻõġԼһ˵ʮԳԺȺȣǳעĿڼ䣬ϵĹԱƵƵƣճǰ췽ҲԳɳǷǳ
ԼһʱͳΪӢĽ㡣
ûãҲˡ
ǰһͷ׵ͷͷӥǣһ˫۾ݽȥĿǳϬ죬ԭ͵촽һ죬һֿ̱ĸо
˵ֻЦʱǴ򿪵ͻ¶ŻƽͻΪʱ죬ǲѲݱ¶˿
˰ԳɳԱߵ£ûֱ£ЦŶԳɳǴк
ͺģͦ찡
ԳɳƯ˽гͺģȻᱩסˣƺϰֽĳƺЦŻӦϵģгԣ絽ǺһЩ
ⱻԳɳǳƺΪϵġˣҼӰ
һͻ˰̣Ҳû
ӰЦʲôãĳԣǰĴβĴӮˣ
Գɳ˵βͬˣ˭˭ǳ滹˵أ
ร𣿡ӰԳɳȥ־ˣСһμӱôǴŮоμˣ
ԳɳǵŮӴɱɱǲõġ
ǵҲǣǼҵĸͶӡӰȻϴĿ䵽ʱɣȻμӱˣͺģϲһŮ

ǺáҼӱѾʮˣһѵаӮ
ԳɳҲʵ˵ƣӰһЦҲ֪Եһԡ
ȡѹġӰĿϣ⺢˭û
ݣĵܵܡԳɳǵ
Ӱ̾ԼûˣСȻҲòɣһԵģͺģ㻹Ǳ
ûԳɳ˵ݿڵϵģҺ͸ȻգǶԼҵˡҲģҲǴҵ°ܽΪ˴׵ģ
ϵġԳɳܽУǲܽеģӰʱЩŭ⣬۾𣬵սʲô
ԳɳЦӰһʵǵסݣӰʲôֽţЦ⺢ӻС¡˵ţСݣôôأҪϵүү
ร˼άݣڳܲԳɳǵ˼ӰǸʧˣϵүү
㣡ӰҧгݵĶݡ
Գɳǣһаģʵүүϵүүȥˣҽд𣿡
ԳɳԼ˶Ц
ҲСӼƽϣ֮ʲô˼˭˭ˣƣ
룡Գɳǰһʾ⡣
ڻкܿ͹ȥʱӢ˺ͲǶ˳ŲμӢСȥ
ӢÿεıʽһһǷΪ
˽˵һһ̽һɽСɽھһ·һɽСɽԭǸѴڶ꣬죬⣬һֱˡҹ䣬Ǳ¹ҫҲڻһȺǳչ¹ޡôҲһֱûжΣ
ҲΪˣųٳٱϵ˷֡
ϵ˷ֺȴðʧϵװȥ̽գϾϳ˭֪ʲôµĶûСϢճǣճǵļɳͣ̽սסӢıءȻ̽ĹУûû﷢ʲôñ֣Ǿƽ˲֪ˡ
֮ѾȽϰȫЩ츳СǽȥˡȻҲֻǱȽϰȫǾ԰ȫӢһģıÿһζҲ¡
һǲΣգһ⣬ǸΪˡ˶ˣԻͣ͸Ҫˡ
ֻȥûΣյĵطǻ͸ʲô֪ؼ廨ȥ
βμӢĴһˡÿ˻õһƣҪͨһصĳڣҪƣûƵľͱ̭Ҳζţڽ󣬲ҪԿڶеޣҪĲߵơ˵ٸ˲ߣֻʮ˽ڶأڶ
ɴ˿ɼеὫ൱ҡЩĺֺڵˣΪƶɱҲǳе¡ʱҲֻܹԼˡȻҲǿѡͶԹԷ׳Ƶġ
ΪʤߣǱ滹Ҫп¡
ƣ߽һ̣ݻԳɳһۣǴϷĿ⿴ԼӰĬĬ˵һ䡣
ϵģҲᱻ㿴ġҼȲģҲĵġĿģҪõһ


036 ޼ɵ
ӢᣬݵСһ̽˸߳߶ڻ²ڴᵮǣȥķǷԻ͡
Ӣᣬһǵʢᡣ²ȡõһڱڼ̵Ӱ죬ҲΪ෹̸ʣӴճǡ
ٸߣŽһȥ໥ɱ췽ڶڴ˲·ͬʱŽȥ޷ȫֿˡ
ݣ޼м䱻ŽȥģҲ췽Լҵչˡ;ȽҪãΪһ˵޿϶̫ࡣ;ĩβҲҪãΪԽǳٽߵǶˡ
ȻͨһصҪƣЩǿƵˣƻ㣬˾ֹ˽ڶأԼڵڶٵĶ־ҪһЩ
;Ķ飬췽չ˵ġ
κʱκαоԵĹƽ
ⲻ
ºܵͣȶҪʮȣԽߣ¶Ҳ֮½кܶʯ񣬻ӵϳǴӶϴöеĿռԵûôտЩطµʯס˵ȥ·ҲסߣöڵĿռúܼ
ʯϡϡһЩʯͷɫģҲǶڹԴ⵹ʡ˲߻Ҫǰ׼豸ﻹһЩǧٹֵʯֲأСˣէһЩʯΪޣҪܵš
޼ǰںݾУСǰšҲǹֵСҪʱֶ̱ΡŶϣȻܸܸġ
޼ɳ֣ĽɱŨأҲвμӢľ飬ǰ·ʡѿսƣעܱߵһвԾѿս֧ԮݾУ޼ɺı£ָܷӳã޶޼ɵĽҲᱻָڴ͵ϮޣѲѿսĳͷ
ʮأӲĻ㹻ѿսΧζˡݾøͺ˧ѧѿǿˡ
Ҳڽǰ̶ĶΡ˵޼һ֣ܵΪ˼ʱ򣬱˴˶ܷǵìܡ
˽ȥ˰ʱ޵ϮɵĽͨ޵ɱҲʶԼĲ㣬޼ʵսԵ̫ˡ
ԽԽ˷ܡӢΪƵģ޼ѧϰʵս
޼ɣô·ɱʲô˼ҵˣƺءں˵
޼ͷҲأǰߣܴԽԽɢʲô취
ݵǱȻܴˣҲһġ
΢Ц֪ҾģѰĵġ
޼ָ֣
׼޼׵ĶʾͿ޼תָ˱ǰˡ
ݺͣ¡
ʵˣ
޼˵ŵѪζ
Ц㹷ģ
޼ɵҲûƽϣ߸ߣĿһխСĶڡ
Ȼ½½Ƕ߳м϶ˣбץƵĺۼ˿ڴѪʪ·
ȻǺɱʱˡ
ŪˣҲɼʵá
ˣоһܹˡ˵ţ޼бճȥ
˽Ͻ޼һ߹ȥЩ˾Ϳ޼ɡ
޼ɷģ˶ʱ
ʲôΪ˽ʵ
޼ɼ˵Ҫǵӡ
ƨΪ˺
ԣ޼ɳһҪ֡
һ̷æȵȣ޼֣ͣϸ޼ϴʵǽ޼ɣ
޼صǡ
Ȼ㣡ȥҲʱ㣡˵ţǶ̷æͶ˵
ʲôԼҵ޼ɣ
ճСеĵһ޼ɣ
ǰҲ
ž
̷Ҳҿ޼ɣǰƳ޼˹ȥ֣ǲ֣Ӹǡ
ųɣɵʦˮָΪˣôܲսͽߵԹ
ǽСųɡĶ̷˵ǶʲôкúǰҲ֣㲻û
ʲô
ϴα£Ľģ˵ѹٷϻˣӸٴȥ
ųһȰ˵˲½ӳ
ô㣿޼ʵǴӱأ
ųɺԩ޼ɴ磬ĵһˣǾֻԼӣ㿴ѻŪˡҪǲţ
㣬߰ɣ
л޼ɴ磡˵ţǶһߴŶһȥ
⿿ݼϣ٩ЦС㿴ǵ޼ɴƾͷ͸㵽ӣͰ
ݸ͵ûʲôˡ
˸ҿҲǡ
ʲôƨ޼ɣͷ˲ҾͲжô޼ɸ׼ȥϵӣǶ߳ˡȻǿӵ˸ղһĻΪ׵ĺһ߳Ц
ǺҲһЦȫȻ޼ɷ
޼Ҳȥϵˣ˫ֱסøӰͻȻðˣǺ˵ƾ칷ԣҾҪ˺Ĺ졣
ԭѾת뿪ųɿһĻͬĿ⿴˺һۣҲˣöۿ޼ɵԴ֤ͶǶôǡǵѾ޼ɱˣҲں˷һʱ
˵Ϳȥֻݴһ㣬Ҳ࣬ǶǸԴׯĴСеǿʵһμӢᣬĸȻ޼ɵͷû޼ɵ¡
Ҫ˺ҵ죿ȴӮ˵
޼ɵĹ
ҲΪ޼ɵŭЦĴׯ赡Ĵ޼Ǿķׯ赾Ҫſ£Ӵȡλã
޼ɲͷˣʲôһϡ
ׯ±ˣ˫һӣʱ˫ð𣬲ȼ𳤴ߵĻ棬ų޼ȥͬʱԱ߹սУƽ֣
ǶǻơڰˣֲôšҲֻǸ֮ܡ޼Сֹţڵׯ赣Ȼ˿
ʵׯ赳ʱ޼˵סоԵİգׯ赹Լһ̶֣һնׯйơ
ֻһʤƣŻ㹻ѧ֮ǰųٴ͹ԹԵذƽ
޼û뵽ǣֵĻᶼûС


037 °ܽ
ಣಣಣ
ѿս޼ɳƣ۵糸Ķׯϡѿսֱ˫дĽȥѪֱһҽƣ
Ǵ͸ׯƵѿսֱ𶴴˵Ľơֻһʱ䣬ȫء
˶˻ߵĽûзӦʲô
˵ûѿ䲻͵Ϯ徳ûһܵס
Ӻ߳ΪмЦڰأҲڽ޼ǰˣ磿˵ţ߹ȥǵƶߡ
㣡ģׯʹ಻ϵıʮѿ
ʳָ˰ڣھǡҸղҪǲ֣Ѿڽ޼ɵĽˡ
޼һңû˵ôпᡣ㣬ûҪô˺ǡ
Ҳ߳üͷץֱ۵磬Ǻ˵㣬Ǵ򵹣Ҳˡ
Сݣ㲻ϵҲıԼҺηľնҰȻķߣܱ֤ǲỳģһǣֻȺǣ鷳
˵ֻǴǵĽţʧȥж֡ǵǺõģҲܷรԡλׯ赡ҲҷˣˣͷǶλչˡ
һ˵Ƶᣬ˶ëȻ
޼ϣЩݡ
صע
ڶɽ˺ܶ°롣
һԹսųɵ˻ų૵ǿͶǵİɡ޼ɹĺˣû뵽Ǹ˵ĸݡ˭
ųʱڵϵׯʵֻ֣ҪҲһ˵ġ
รˣҿҪšӣָԼһһǺˣҽ
ԣųɵ͵һ

Ǹԭ
ţԼѾһɷ޼ˣһɷǡӢˣӱ֪˭
ųһץס˵˵ĸ첲קܣߴٵʲôߣҲǺǵģаţҲˣ
Զԣߣ죡
˸ˣϵĸӵݸݣţ޼Ц˼ô磬Ҳ̲ס׳ˡ
ߣܰѿɣҲб¡
ȥ˰ɣݱԹҵø磬ǶͷˣʣµĸӾͽˣ
˳Ĵƣһ·˵˵ЦЦ̬ȻĲ߱ȫּˡ·ΪӵģȫĻᱻˣУ˶
ȻôһЩӵ̬ͬҲӵͬʵˡ
ڽһƬտĶѨһսսսʮܣȡʤ
˵˶Ϥס
ҵĸӱͣ
ңңǣ޼˫ֱջͦࡣ
ӱȻֻŵλʵǿС죬ſȣ΢Цԡĵڶˡ
˵ӹˣ
ˡֻǻߣٶӣһ
⡣޼ɵ
߰ɣӱת
㶵ӱΪ޼ɶ֣ӱ磬ôǵӣ
ӱֻȷ硣ͽ͵Ӣţ˴γĬһԣǰؼƽϡ
ֻί˵ʵʵ൱ȺսУ˭Ҳûʮİջսʤ֣㲻ûܾ˱˼˱ˡǵȷγĬǰǲֵġ
ǣö񶾵Ŀⶢ޼ݣͺȵҵĳô죡
ݡ˳Ѫ֥ʮײݣҲΪӢˣҲûأֻץס˫ۣ嶯Ȱ侲һ㣬ûʲôȥġ
ŭݣݺݵ˵ֻҪСͦסǿܻڵģʱܱˣϣҲ
Űˣ˾ǰεƽȵھҪ
ʱʵСݣ˭ô㡣
Ҳһ°ܽѣ
ݣ㣡ʲô°ܽϴֻУ֪ڰأԲҶ֣
ڣĻ˭˵ݲмһˣһϵģ
ҪˣݣǵԵ˭Ҫ֣˭˭ͰԼǷȫóɸҽս
˫ֱסףС˳ͷϣһһһģ˵Ǳ˵ֲ˵Ϲʲô
һ̶ܵˣ޲ϰݵƤܽޣæӱӱ磬ңҲСӵģ
Ҳͬھ͸һѵȰӱܣð򣡡
ӱûлش𣬶˺˿ʯ£ȷ磬ȥɡ
ӱͬ⣬ϲݺȵҽս𣿡
޼ɣϾϵĶӳѯʵү˼
Ȼ㡣޼˵ţֶӱжӣ
ԣͰеӶӳʮŸ
޼ɵǲʮһ
ûϵͺȵһҪСӶһЩ
ңʵҶʲô
С˴͵ߵĶѪ֥Ͷײݣ
ûˡ
ʲôˣ
ûϻش𣬶ǴӻͳһײݣСߡС˲Ŀ£ҩһڳ˽ȥ
ݵιˣϲⶫˡ
ӼҪۿбȻôҩһֻҰӳԣ
óһСȥҵģҰ˭˭ܵ㣿
㣡㣡ظ粨ΰͣŭģҺ򣡡
𣡡һѱסͣο磬侲һ㣬ûʲôȥġ
ͳȥæǰ棬˵ҺǱˡ
ݣ׼ûУ

ѽڵݺһ̤ʱڱһ󵭺ɫâöѨͻȻһʧǰӣͬһͷķţ㳯ݳȥ
޼ۼ⣬ѵǻħţײСġ
޼˵ͬʱݹȻǱڶֳһͷɫţͷţͷĿͷһԳţǣɷļ⵶
ıڣѨˡˡľ죬µĵҲ΢΢Ʒǳ͡
üһҵָβʹáڡˡȻһһɱ
ݰЦҪһоͰܣҲ澡ʧ
ۼͷħţ΢˫ۣҲûʹκλұۣصתȦ
ұÿתһȦͻеĻֱֳ۵ƶƶ𽥵ģֱԽתԽ죬ǻҲԽԽࡣѿݵֻ֣ұѱɫĹâ֡
ӱȡžһ£ɫ
ʱѱƽʮ
˫ȭһЩֱ۵Ļʱȫһ㣬Ũȭϡ
ȭһգ͵ش˳ȥ塣
ûʹκλһȭô͡ħţײײһ
飡ꡪ
һ죬һ𣬽͵һݣơ
ݴһȭž㵵˳ȥ
žžڿɳײʯڼײʯڵʱӱһԾסغתȦƽȵվ
ۣѪ޴ĳѰˣȻӱݵȴˡ
Ȼݱȥ
ӱסļ򣬵˵ôˡ㲻Ķ֡Ѿھˡ
ʲôھˣɴ۾
ͺϴνֵʱŵڰأ
ӱǿˣʵղһٻ˼һһŻˡֶԻĿˮƽ˵ھѲһˡ


038 Ӹʲôʯͷȥ
ݵû˵ϴνֵʱҵȷֻǵڰءھǳѪ֥ͻƵġ
ʲô;ΪҵѪ֥ھصģ
ǰ͹֣Цл
Ҳ׼ŭˡһѪ֥ȻͻΪѪ֥ݶߣǱãΪҪһ
һ뵽Щʧأʱݷ𹥻
ͻ
ӰһǰѿսͻȻ£ͣתǡͻڵص׾ͱڣضûûƢ
ʲôûӱ棬ѷɫԼоЩϲ֮ɫʵĪ
ַڱѿսӽ𣬻ָ̬ƶ
Ҿһţӱ
ҶҲͬĽĽӱ΢΢һЦſȣİҡҷ΢ЦȻǿĶ֡Ƕˣ䡣ȥ
Ƕлˡ
ټԱϣӱؿһۣתȥ
ͺȻŭδӱˣҲپοǣûٶ˵ʲô
սĶֻܿľսڵǲ֪ġǲ֪ڵһĽ档
λֵܣ̡ʾˣڵʱһ㡣ҲҵĶ֣ҸܵԪϢѽӣֻںһˡ뿪ݵ˺ӱֵǡ
ֵϲʮضãٶ찡
ӱ΢ЦΪͣ츳ڷܣҪԵ֡Եּ⣬ҳɳܶԲ죿
ˣܣͿˣ
ӱߺƣϲһʮˣˣ
ݵͷˡͷ磬һ˾Ӯʮſӡ
ЦԼɵ
ţ߰ɣ޼֣·ɡ۹ⶾ㣬Щҵؿڡ
޼Ҳ˵бųǰ·
תһӣ˻ûҵڣҲŹأ޼ɷҲٵ٩һ·ϣҲûٶơ鷳ģûУܶ˿ǶƵСϾׯͷֻ
תתȻ˷ʱ䣬ȴһʸס
ʾһ鵥⻬ɫֲƤĿʯ״ʡӵĹʯͷ洦ɼ֮ԱΪϵСͣСצ
ףʶҪؼСʶ
ʱʯͷʯ͵͵Сã
Сͷ
úܴ󣿡
Сǵͷ
Ѫ֥ã
СȻǵͷ
ݱ㲻ٶ˵ˣʯͷΪУԱѰңҵ顣
ү磬ȱųȥˣ֣¹˹ءʯ
ʵҪʯͷʲô
á֪ǲóǿ˵ʣ˵޼ɣӻóһƷʵĶǻ굤
޼۾һǻ굤үүƷҪߣ
ݵͷ͵ʶһճĵͣأֶθǿƳĻ굤ǸƷʵģҺЩԵܰƻ굤ʯ￴굤
޼ɶûлݵĻĻЩȻʡ
ϾǸٶ̫죬̫ڷ˼
ʲôƳƷʻ굤ĵͣô̬ٶƺҲԵɡ
ϸ޼ɹԼ˽ŵλصͺ˵ҲҪ˵¡ʯƳȶǻ굤߼Ļ굤ֶεˣͲˣ磬үҪѵãҰʯȫȥƣָҵĻ굤ƽ֣
΢ЦֲֵνȷǸûᣬԼСʵ
޼ҲͷüЩǣʯƳƷʵǻ굤Ǿ׬ˡֻүүⳡúأ˱ǲáûмܸĲɼʯֲİ취أ
ܲɼʯֲ˼
ͻȻݴһˣ
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˫һϸֳЦݣݼ򣬴Ц⣡
޼Ҳͷô졣
˷ܵ
ѶѰҹؿڣһ·ˣһŹܿʮС
ʱѾҵ˹ؿڡ̫٣Ǽסؿڵλãڹؿڵıؾ֮·ȡĲߣǵһաֱϵһٶʮˣҲûʲôٴλصؿڣ˹ؿߵĲĿ⣬˸ʯͷڹؿǰ棬ڷһƺһʯ
Ǻߺȵˣۣͯ
ƵȻߣڱʱѼʶ޼ǰѾĽʶҪѿս󣬼ʶݿƻĹֶΣжΡ
ʱݾȻȻƣһĿɿڴһ
ˣ
ԼѵôȱǮ𣿡

һȺʣλֹǰʵӡǮһ
һ˿ţˬʵЦҪǮ
ҪǮҪǮҪʲôλæ¶ı
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棿ỻǣ
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ãȵȣʯͷʱ򿴼˵ţַɱȥ
ûãһʯǰ
һʮϲԣ
ֵҾһѣֻҪʮӣ͸ˡ
ЩǣóʮķУȥ
쳣ϲԭΪԼûϣˣȴû뵽żʯͷ˹أæĶ˹ȥؿȥƵݸؿڵ˴
ȻʵȲݣҲ䡣Ĺ涨ֻеһнǰʮĽǺܷġ
һֻΪͷʵĽΪһ
ֺɲѣתսݣСʵֵܣܸңҪʯͷʲô𣿡
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ֱݿķëȾܣʲôûʣ
һĻԭѵȺʱˣ׷׹ϸ˰ʯϵʯһۣȻԭ·ɱȥ
죡ʯͷȥޣڵȵãûˣȺ˴ؿǰʱַǷ
ؿڵһ꾳ĻͣǿߣΪ˷ûд˽ڶصҡ
ЦõһرƵģôʯͷˣ


039 
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ǵȻˣҪӱϰӶҲǼ׵¡ˣҪôɽҪôͶƵǣһ·𽥶ÿ˶ѾûˣЩûӵҲżҲɥ²ʯͷʯͷ·ЩʯͷǾܹƵġ
ѾʮӣȻ㹻˹أǵĿҪ߸ӣýڶصһЩڵǣǰƵ˱ȿӻҪ࣡
Ӿȥˣɻ
עûɻ̫ãؿںͲؿһζ벻ĳ
ڵϣǰڷһ޴ʯһơʯЦеĵݸݣٴӦƣȻ˸߲ҵͨء
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ãǶʱкá
ӱϵļ΢΢鴤ԼʲôûеģݰˮԼãԼûǵһɧ
ͬʱٴο϶˵ӱûݲҲһ𣿶ҪöࡣڵãöӻԼҪĶȻȻԻ˵Ƿңͬ٣Ǹ߷ҳˣ
ӱͻȻ֣һ˵
һ뷨ڵʱҪְݴ򵹣ֻǲ֪ܲϡ
ӱ꾳֣λˣƻѵܣ
΢۾ǳۺ񣬵ӼȻǾǴҹܲšοҲûһ
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ݳŮȥһװϵƤȻЩڣȴܺÿģϿҲݴ˶ãʹһѺɫ廨ĴȥҲôǡ
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˵
ڱǴ𣿡
ųɵһݣ漴¶ȻЦݣǰ
Ϊʲôѡǣ
ΪǵĴǾֵһ

Ƶݸͨͻᷢÿһͨһָ̣Ҳָֻϸƿӡƿмһ״ʣĻɫ壬ʮأڵĻѽԪϢںϵ׼ͣۼ⣬һϳ꾳ͷųĻЩ½͸״³
֪ڶĹ򣬲߱ҪƿеĻȫ֮ǰ뿪ڶءڶҲ֮нСͬǣڶĵθӸӣʯ࣬ܶطмģӵðʯ⣬һСľͻᱻǵ棬ǸͷѪ
ΣյǣڶҪȵһöࡣ˵ڰµûˣԵЩ޵Ķ֡徳ˣܰЩĨɱҪһЩ
ΪݵĻƻڶصҲﵽʮˡȫڹ涨ʱͨڶأѡȡȴﵽһ˽ѡյǰʮ
Ȼ˵Ǳȣһȥųɺǧϲ뱻޼˿⣬㻹Ϊֿߡ
һ߾ͲʱĴǳƵŭȻ͵һزͬû߳Զ˾ͱһͷ͸ߴ޸ס
жɸߣͷţĿֻɫ۾ǴͷϳڰγһȺǽǼָŽµˡ֪˷ܶУ򼢶ŭڴڵҺ档
Ǹһ˷ܵ˵һ䣬һݣʱѿս޼۶ȥ
޵Ƥȥȴ޷ѿսơһײȥƤݣǴ̲ѿսĴΪ޵ƤٵиһۣŸ޴һ˿΢в
໣
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ཫѸٵԼȥõʳ˷ֻܵ۾ųɫĹ⡣
ݴһ׸Ϊʲôֹͣʹûѵ޻ʲô
ѱ޺ͽ˻ߵĺ磡
û뵽ͻı仯磬Ȼˣ


040 Ҳ죬ˮɫá
ԽȥΪҹ桱ʵоǵĶУһȫΪҹĻµ桱ֻЩҲ˳мơҹ桱
˲֪޵֣ȻҲôһ͡桱ϵһǶᣬûȥʲô棬ʵ磬кܶҹ滹Ҫߴ屶ʮ޺ͻޣá桱ϡáЩġ
˫ǵͨ죬ۿŸ类ҹˣ﷭ǧζҭں˵
ⳡһ·ô˳ôͻȻľ͵ֵزˣѵ¶̫˳˳ͷ˾ͻ⣿
ޣҸ磡˫ƾۼ׼ʹ
һֻץסĸ첲Ͽ޼
ݣٵȵȡ
޼˵ô棬Լһָ粻ôȥֱþۼĻɢ̧ͷҹ档
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ಣ
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ǧϽɫ廨£̧֣ǰֱȥ˿˿ɫĻָðΧָһᣬʧصɢȻԻĿԶԶ
ѾǧޱȾϲˡ
ҾȻͻˣڰˣǧϴϲ
ݹֵϲˣóΪ͵ʸˡ
ǧ˷ܵĽһסЦݣⶼǶĶǻ굤ҰǰѾˣûùǻ굤ãȻЧôã
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ûûСݿ֡ϻǧǰȡĸоа룬ǧϵƤЩڣز᲻ҲǺڵģ
ǧ֪ݴʱаͷǸε˵˵ûУ㿴ˡ
ݸΪΣҼǣæҲ죬ˮɫá


041 ںսꪣ𻵵Ļ
˦˦ԴǴزʱָоٳǧϵǰƳһۣ˶תƻڰˣʤ͸ˡ
ģ޼ǱѯųɣϾڶص״Ϊʵ˵ҵˣѵʲô𣿡
ڶǻ굤İ£ųɵѻָ˵ȶ˺ܶ࣬Ҹպǧһ·϶ޣӱȺˡ

һֵĶѨҺǧϺ棬ڶ͵
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ųʿˮţԺڻ䡣
ҿһֻ޻ҪһĹǹӺûʲô𣬵ǣͷų
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һĸˣں
ôܣ
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޼Ķˣʵ棿
ҺСڶ˭
ʲôҲǸͣȻҪý
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˴Ӧųæǰ·Ѱǵʱҵ˹ؿڣȴȥؿڣǰ·סˣҲ뿪
ռƻųɺǧȥ˹ؿڣ·ºȥӱڵĶѨһ·ϣŴĶԵвԣвųɺǧľ
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޼ɿһӰѴӶڴ˳ȥǱӰ·
޼æǻҪĽƷҪȥͨˣ
ʵүô죿
޼ɵӱҺӦݣҰԼҵϣϣȥԸаûУ
үң
شаûУ
ݺ֣г񣬼ᶨ˵ұʤ
ãȥɣǻҪǶᵽ֣Լ⣬үү
Сĵ㣡һ仰뿪Ѩ
ɢѨڵ˻ڿᣬ˭û´ںսһ¡
ʱ͵İһ޴ʯ򶴿ڣڶµֻʣһ죬ڶߣؿ޼ɡ
޼ʵʲô˼
ʹӻѼʱĻƿóһӣûʱˣʱ̭
޼ʵǾͶôģѶڵϣȫˣ
ҡͷЦ㿴
޼תͷӱ·ɢ˳һļЦ
޼ɣʱҲʧɫͺȵȥ˲ӱ


042 Ϊ
ѨڣѾɢԲһɫ
ɭ졣
ӱЦܵӾǺʹǹȻϵˣһȥͨء
޼ɵͳ˵ԭͼƻˡ
֪ڶ͵˺ߵý϶ǱţȦס⣬渵Ȼ֣ܽλҪġĴ⣬Сеǿ߶ˣھܵˡ
޼Զԡ
˵Ĳǿ񻰣ʵ
Ȼ٣ӱ໹̫󡣾ϵĲֶ࣬ϵĲ࣬ϵĲ࡭
ЦӱΪұ𣬰ݴ
޼ɳ³ȥ
ɫҲÿǱˣݻġӱԼûʮգ˵ˡ
Ǵ⣬ϵˡ
׬һһɣںսꪶߣʧ޼еţΪǿȥ
Ҳŭˣѿս·ͷɵޣѪĳ˷ȥȵҵ̨ܵ裬ҾⶴѨܾĥ

ڶصĹؿھĳڡ
ĳؾڳ⣬һɫʯ̾͵ĵ·ӳڿʼһֱӵصڴ
һһɸߵʯ̨ЩɫʯͷǴճԵʯ˹ġÿӢᣬճ췽˾޴ѪɼСǵӳ̶ȡӢȡúóɼ췽ӡˣΪ͵õƷô򵥣ҪճǸ߲ӡ󣬱Сӵиߵǰ;ƽҲ˵
ǰӢᣬճǹٸ޼ɣȥճŵְ㹤䣬ͻһЩܿпܱεʡȥġ޼Թ°Ը죬žܾСְ֮ӱҲճһ￴أΪͽӱʵ˿죬λʦ˽°ҲǷֲġ
ӱڳ̨ϵȺʱһ󻶺ӱǾСǵżûʵǿû˼
ӱǵĿȻضڣڴ⼸˵ĳ֡
޼أ
Ҵүأ
Ǹأ
ʱϾҪˣôû
۷׷ףȴšʱһǺܸߣ彡˶ӰԾ
ˣڿ̨ӵϯλԳɳһɡ
һԼ˳ˡ
ǳˣ޼أ
뵽Գɳǲָӵ
ʱվǲ˵ģݳһӺʼûٳ꾳Ļڣһֻ֣ʽ״ʾʱ䵽˳Ҳ̭ˡ
Գɳһ̱Ŀϣ૵ô£޼ôˣ
ҵϯλŵģӰԳɳǺܽЦͺģȻҳҲֻһѾˡ
ԳɳʱĻӰѾᵽɤˡ
οȱģСʡ
ԳɳǱ۾ߵ˶ܸܵõʹࡣ
оԳɳСˡ
ٸ˽ȥһֻа˸˳յľ
Ȼڵһر̭˲ʲôΣաһѾԱȥ峡ˣϻڵһ˶Ѿ½ˡڵڶ˲١
ʮ˽ڶأ˸޼ɵڶںսꪣҲжʮûгδ
ȻǲȥЩǸڴıЩ¶췽òĵ¡
ֻа˸˽˸˴߳𣬾ѾΡ֮ǰ˵ǰʮнġÿӢᣬǰʮ˶Ϊϵķ˸ˣû̫ѹ
˻ٰǵȥ궼жʮ
ǰƴɱĺܼҡźǿ
޼ɶûгѵͱӱˣ

۷׷׵ʱѾˡھѡָպǰ˸ˣܺ÷䣬Ƿֳ飬Եλʤٷֳ飬ʤ˽ܾھ
һУһӱһݵĴӱûʹκλһоͽǴƵ̨£˳ڶǧϺĴڵһصʱųɺǧȥʯǱĴǰ͵Ϯʯͷһ棬Ƿۺ졣ǧڶʵҲȡʤ֮ǰĳ

ڵĳǰеʱԼҵĿ̨ϯλϡ
򵥵Գɳǵ﷢顣ԳɳԭɫΪѿںսĸֺɫԺһЩһݵĶֽӱЩѹ
ڳĲӱҲܾȡ£෴ЩڴΪֻԼ֪ԼѾʮˣھϺӱһġȻˣΪʲôܲһ
ӱȻǹâ䣬ԼѵܴĹâ
һֱݶһĻ벢ֱǰˣִţǿʲôǲܸıġ
ΣԵǾСеĵһӱҲһ
ݰοԳɳǣүүңһǻ㾪ȵġ
ԳɳЩǿصͷ̾ϢСݰսʤоҵȷеܾȡӱоʮǰӢᣬ޼ɶǰСҲûаգֻܲһڡ
ԳɳǵռݵλʼҪҪһЩ
֪Գɳǵ˼ʱЦݣĴԳɳǣȻҸ磬Ҹ£Ҳ
оԳɳԱߣץסԳɳǵ֣үүСݣǵ
ԣ˵ûԳɳɫĴݵļ򣬵СݣԼΨһϣˣ˶㣬һɣ
һӮģݸԼ
ţмǣӮǶԵģעⰲȫȷӮˣǣүүϣ¡
Щж˵ͷ
Ҫ뿪̨ʱоóס¶һеЦݣСݣΪ㴵һ͡
лС㡣
һ̣һ׽쵫ĵԼϯλϴݺܵ꣬ûм뿪ǴսоС㣬һ𣿡
ʰɡ
еͻʣѻһģҶɱܸȤ
о󷽷İڰ֣ͻֻ˵ܸӡ
˵صɣ֪
ãš
ʱ⽥ȥ紵ԽЩϵҶǴһطȹҹ
һֵĵĳʼ
̨Ķֺ΢΢һЦ
ݹ֣Ц治ðһˣҵξ͵ˡ
ųɡ
ݵֻҪлͲҪŹɣǵ㵽ֹ
ˡųҡͷ֣䣡
ǵһδı̨˶ʶн֣Ȼһ䣿
ԼҵĴ˭Ķֲˡ
û
ǲ֪˰ɣ֪ĵܵܣСݡ
𣿡
ǹªŰǰʱϷԺˡ
ذҲ˰ھذɣֵôô
˵һЩ˵ڱǰȥ˶ɽһˣʵԼүרŶԸӱġֻǲ֪ʲô޼ɾȻûܴ
ԭˡô˵Ĺھûˣ
ϻ϶ӱＸĸ֣ȻҲӱȻǲ̫Զˡ

̨ϣų˳ݲݲĿ£֣ݵļ磬ݶߵˣͬˣαػ˶ţӱ
ݵͷųɵıӰ˵ů
ֲпıУȻܽѣȻᵽᡣ
ʱ򣬽ĲǺҪ̲Ϊ


043 ڵǺǿĺ
ڶֱʼһӱսһھصĴϽӢĵΪˣӱĶսһʮ־ʡû뵽ǣӱһи㶨һսúܶ˶վӱʵ֮졣
Ҳкܶ˴ͷɥˣԹӢûʲôͷˣȫӱһ˶ǿɵһи㶨ʲôʿԣ
Ϊܿ޼ɺӱĶսܿһǸķɣȴû뵽ûܽ
Ȥ˶ڸ̾
ʱڶֵڶʼٴ̨
ǸƤЩڣպɫ廨ŮӣεһЦ
ˡǧϡ
ݵĿ׾ǣ㲻Ҳɣ
ǧЦ˼ҶĻ׳氡Ҳ֪
ݲܻһľô̫ˡ
ǧˬʵһЦ漴֣䣡
̾ʵԺģҲѽ
˳;еǧߵǰ΢ЦαأΪ㣬һضˡΪ㣬Ҳ벻ڰءݣҷһ⡣
ʲô⣿ݾǧϵЩԾ
֪ǧϻشĲԣһǡ
Ŀ֮£˫ȦסݵĲӣûȵĴݵϡĴ󷽣ݵ޴ͷ·󰮵ˣǸεεŮӡ
ǧؿһۣǰһȭҷϲˡ
ҡҭס
ǧ΢Цʲô˵ӱȻҸ㣡ͣ
ллֱǧ̨ݲ˵˵ǣΪʲôŮϲң
ղһĻ̨˶еĴ˿ڡҵϯλϣ죬ָŪţó޵Ŀע̨ǶŮԼҵϯλϣЦɲǼеĵǶʧЦû뵽СӻǸ֣ڱʱܺŮӹϣ
Ҳ΢ЦŮȥҲҼǵǻ峤
СֶβͭҲЦֻЦЩĸо
ԳɳȴɫΪΪһ֮縺Ķ̫࣬ΪһЩСݡ
ܾѡˣӱݣӢĹھ
һιھĶǣһĬĬͻȻɱǿǰıһÿζֻһоͻ֣ܶһǴû־䣬ò˵ǧٹ֣ǧƺעεӢΪǶ˶սȲҪǱ˴ԶԷ
˫Ĳڿһż򵥻ƵɫһɫĿɳг㡣˫㣬ϵıд⣬βסһ˿˿šʵϵһС覴ڱǽţԼУȴ˷ܡ
ڴ֮ǰԼΪԼҴμӢᣬû뵽ԼȻߵһʹӱھһֳ̣գעԼĿ⣬ͻȻףԼصĲԳɳǵΣ޼ɵϣϣ
ԭҪվӱս޼ɣֻǸ磬ֵԼ
ƫƫվľԼݣ
İţҵĻᣡ
ĬĬţӱѱᶨĹ⡣
ݵĶ棬ӱһϮͦվɱʱϵѪҺڰ׾ĳԵøĿһӲӵѪָ󣬴򿪵ȶΣ棬̨Ůһ̲סк
ķǾǡ
˵սԭûʲôڴУ֮ǰδսʤӾֻĵܵܵݣԼΨһˡ𽥵ģǶߺע˳ϡ
ûжҪֻϣⳡԾôһͺáϣԽʧԽֽҪֻҪһоͷֳʤͺá
˵ʾ£ʼ
ǵıԼ˵ĶֻҵˣŲκεġ
ĿеӱھС޵еġ
޼ɶˡֻһݣûʲô
ӱ˵СҲܳӰɡӰѿʼ˼ȥЦԳɳǵ̨ˡ
ӱûкݶ໰˵ж˵ˡݶľ飬ݣƻʯͷʱԼļƻԼȡںսꪣӱЦ
ݣʾһ塣
ӱĬĬȼڣ˫ͻȻָͣݵȥָͷÿһ£ͻһűѹĻָһ䣬ʮССĻݷȥ
ӱսȻɵӱʱӦԡָʳָΪָ׼Ŀǰȥûڿеһ£ͻͿĦðһ̣һ׼ȷĻЩϡ
ӱֵٶȿ죬Ҳ˵Ļͽڿײһžž
һֵĳַ֣Ƿѹǵ
Ҳңúúáûһоͷֳʤ
ˣˡӱ΢΢һ䣬ǰ֣һһͿأ
ӱĸһΪԼ͵ˣмʹûҲֻݲŻгɾ͸С
ʱһˮСˮš£ˮ˳ͬʱȣſѱɫֵһĨʱ͵سЩɢˮȥ
ˮԭǾֹһȣ·һ㣬棬׷׳ݱȥ
ˮˮΪˮ飬ֹǧٵΣеˮ鶼ѱ˻ĿԵĳݷȥ
ݵָӦˡκоսʱͬҲûľʹòʹõҶ֮
ʱݷ·Ļƿ꽵ٵĲ֮£ͷȴŴʪ
ʪǱʪľͲˣÿһܵʴ
ĻҲһͿˡ
꽫ʹûˮĸ㣬ûӰҲ޷ʱѡʱƺ˾
ʵϣ˶ôΪΪݻǴվƺѱɵˡ
ǲûпݵ촽һһϵ䶯ţһЩ
ݵԽԽ촽ҲԭԽ죬ʱǲ壬һ״ʡ
ŭڣƾЪ̧ۣ쳤Х׳ҡʮǧ·ƺ¡ĪУͷ
ݵټ죬ÿһֶǾȵǣÿһ³һɻ֮ðǰͣ󱬿ܱ߽ٵˮ鵯˷һ״꣬Ҳûһˮ齦ϡ
̨ϣоüͷӣ΢򶨹Ƿǳˡ
Գɳǵɫ΢ÿһЩĿӸ̨ʵڶоԴɱֶΡоİɣ
⡭о֪λشҪ˵ˣûô̡Ҫ˵ụ̂ȷʵֻ̹õ˵ͷǵġ
Գɳۺ룬˵ѧĲʲôʱ̵ģЩ˰ɣ
оصǸղţѯѻһ𡣡
Գɳųоȥɵ͸ղʵ㣿֮ǰû̹
ûСоҡҡͷ


044 ˫ػ
Գɳǵľ֮ɫкޱ¶⡭⺢ӵѧϰ̫ǿˡ
оͷǰ
Գɳ̾ϢӱĶ֡ղһѾͨˣһжע˾ˣûʲô˵ġڵϣС³ӱ˾͵òʧˡСݵ츳ѧϰһ꣬һܸӱ
̨йڲ죬̨ӱҲЩȡɫģֻǵ˵ԻĿȻǷⷽ츳ǺҲˡ
µ˵ƽʱڷܣö࣬û취
ӱһЦòŵ⣬Ͼ͸³ˡ
ӱ仰ƾյĺ˵ΪһֱûҪʹˡ
ɫͻȻ̫ȫڵЩⰵЩͻȻı죬ԤʾźҹǰпܻԤʾŽһꡣ
ӭŷ磬ӱڶ½Ǳ紵졣ĳϣһɫĹâǾۼĻǰȦΪʣΪīΪֽǰһټ̫ͼ̫һΣŻ͵Ļȥ̫ʱâ͵سǰȥֱݡ
ǻ̫֮⡱
׼ӱ̫ʱ˫Ħۼ̫֮⡱ڶʱĻѷ˳ȥ
̫֮⡱͡мײ˴˵ִһᣬɢΪԭʼĻֻһƵ졣
Ȼһαݻ⣬ӱգԵΪϵĲ޷ֲġʮغر޴̫֮ͻĻѽӣĿ죬ҺģĲ𡣡
Աϣӱʹ̫֮⡱
áֵ
ԼҵϯλϣԳɳǳ³̾ˡƫͷʵصʱ򣬻ʹüλ
Ρ϶ĴȻԵʱ̡
ԳɳǵСҲ໹ʹΡΪϵĲû취ǡСҲʮˣҲܺӱģȡʤĻᡣڣӱ̫֮ͣ⣬СҲҪ
ǰҲ̾˿ųϣСݷųˣˡ
̫֮⡱ײһ𣬱˴ɢ
ţһ̫֮⡱
һȥ


߸ڰ˸
ӱоԾˣǸоԾˣҵ˸оԾˣԼҵ˸оԾˣ
ֱʮ̫֮⡱͵ʮײԳɳȷԼ뷨еĲ豭Ȼ飬¶ŵЦݣϲСѵѽʮˣ
Ҳų⣬ûܲͣٵͷųʮԲھܰ쵽ġСѾˣ
Գɳǵþòƽ͵վ˷ܵ˵СӾʲôʱͻƵģѵСˣ
ҲվϿϲЦǵȷСˡ̫˲˼ˣٶôô죡
˵û£ҲԳɳǵ鳹ת䣬ôһġ
Сݣпܻӱأ
룬˸öӣԳɳǳȥ
ӵĶԳɳǵͷʩ˫Ѿץס˴ȡµļѱϡⲻŰԺ
޵Ժ
Գɳǵ˵ļûãɫϵսڼҵؽšҲʮصˣӱΪһӱսֶҪݷḻöࡣ
ʱǵޱȸǡԭΪֻһƥ߹ʺ˵ĺȴû뵽ⲻǺز¶ĸ֡
ÿ˶û뵽ݾȻӱһʮأ
ĻΪҪ޼֮ϰ
Ӱ͵͵Գɳһۣɻ
ѵͺݣɳԸӱģǣʼͺһҲѲɡͺݼôˣ
ǹӰɫָֻƽЦʮӱˣʦѧĻǾǳܱġߺߣͺģȻ㡣
׾Ļ֪ҲʮˣӱȻֱƴķֹһ䣬һηĻᡣ
ſȣһ񣬶ʱȱһ㱡Ĥ䡣
Ĥȫģſϻһɷ顣鱻ΩΩФΪʵէһȥһеˣڿĵһۣ׶۾գ
ʦҵĶǻȡͨʹǻж顯ٻ飬á̫֮⡯ݡͬʱʹǻεֵ
ͬʱӱϲͣڿʼһףĶ龹Ʈ˳һȫɫĶ飬ȱ仯ΪһѳڶСǶӱͷϣжͶĿͷųѹʱúܶ˶еƣµûš
ٻӱٴʹ̫֮⡱ͬʱж飬
ӱƻȥͬʱ´ǡж顱̫֮͡⡱һһ£ͬʱݷȥ
һ̣ȴǱ۾
Ƕڸʲôؼʱ̣ѵ˯ô
ǵɻûдڶãΪϾͿݽ˫̯ĳϣˮƽػȦƶٶԽ죬ϵĻ;ۼԽ졣ֱ˫ϵĻŶԴСˣ˫͵һ
ʱ򣬡ж顱̫֮͡⡱ѽӽԼʮ
͵İ˫ƿһһµţʱɫĳȥһһ£šж顱̫֮͡⡱ײȥ
˫ػ
ڳȥԵɨǰһУ̫֮⡱ɢж顱ԭΣҽǶȻɣ䵽ӱ¡
ӱһۣѿ۲ѡ
û뵽ݾȻԼ˫µһҲֵסˣֵסˣԼһǻ
ѵõĶ
Լϯλϣʧ̬ĺ̫̬ˣҽģҶͷųȴˣСݲѧϰǿǿ
ţšǵ֮ĻţԳɳǵ򼤶Ļţ츳ãٶȿ죬ҪԻгǿԻгǿĿЩСˣ
ı绹ҪоҲ˵һ䡣ΪδޣĽŮˣ˵仰ȻΪ


045 Ѫħն
СݵȷǸܸǴϲСӡӹһ˿ǣһսȻ·磬ӱʵɲֻЩ
ԣԼ˵ƽŵעųϡ
ɫҰ
󣬿󣬽һ
ƻ裬硣
ӱͷԳͷǶڵסû˿ƽﵭʱı鷢˾޴ı仯
죿ȣãһЩţ
ȻģӱļʶͷһЦǿЦԵЩ次ʪİ滹һ·Ȼˮʪİɫͻ͸״ļȫչ¶֪Ҫǵö˼С
ݲӱЦʲôֻ֪ԼȻʱӱеĹֶζˣԼʤ㣬ȻֻһɡΪֻкӱˣ֪жô£
ݸҿ϶ӱɱﵻûóԼȴеӦֶζˡ֮ǰоһӣɱ֪ʶʱɱԼбŷӦѸ٣ʱ˫ػԼѾˡ
ÿһƺնա
ڣӱʹɱﵣԼʲôֵ
ԽսԽᵽԼĴжô
ӱ΢ɶλϸ۵ϣЦû뵽һͬϵˣȻұƵֵزݣٲܣ֮ˡ
üĻҪٷϻҾ˵ҲģҪûôס
ӱҡҡͷʹ㲻ܽӵסҺܻܿɥ㲻ĻУȴ޷
ЦǴ˵ңͶô
ӱ֪㲻ᡣ
ݵ㻹˵
ӱӹһ˿ǳΪʹࡣʹ㲻ҲҪˡĻԺôСã
ݱ۾һεģΪɣҺûܵģ㲻ΪǡʲôʹɣݵֵûͶ֣
ӱʵ㲻
ݵ¡
ӱʵĲ£
ݵҹǵĳߣΪʲôҪ£
ӱЦҲɱˡ
ݵڷɱɡ
ӱִͷǰ
䡪
һ󣬽һ£˵Ӱ׹ҫһһ
˶˵ˡ
ֻĴ귢
̨ϵĹڴʱûһ˷ĿתĶĬˣ·´ŵǡ
ûǵĺΪǰΨһ
ʱǲ֪ľȻû޼ɣûûͣûоľȴΪʵģΪʣΪȻûУȴݣ
ݣԭİ֣ȴ˺ܶ˶ӱġ
еĳĬߣѰҶԷĽ͡ȥ紦ӣ޺ѰҵᣬǶãһ֣ضضɽҡ
ʱ޼ɴڴ˳һʯ޼ץסһúڲסĶȻںսꪡ
ǶˣԸ͵ˣûжڴôòŴ϶鷳
ţ½½˳һ˲Сˡ޼ɵ񣬶ǳ˸м
ڵĻԣĺ˵Щʲôǻɫ䣬æԵͬ
ţǱ㶼վԭزˡ
ʵһѱϵĻ
޼ɣʱҲݺӱȻڴ򣡿ӱӣƺҲɡղžʲôҾĳ棿
䡪
ŭһס
ݺӱٴα
һΣݵɫȻƽӱǿѱ
ӱȵݣ׼ˣ
ݵͷɡ
Ǿ͵Ϊֹɣ
ӱչ˫ۣˮʱ°壬˫͵ǰʮһ̣˫ƼһĹâӱݵĹ⣬ƻϺݺһУָװƣʱѪ˳
Ѫħն
ӱһһĺ˳ÿһִ³ж֮һף·Ϊࡣ
ѪҺѪĶħӱĻӱıʮѿ·ѲܿƣһεĶħڵѪҺ
תۼ䣬ӱɫǲ԰׵ˣͷѾһѹͷ󵶡
ͷڿУѪɫϵħͼɲɣߣҲһɳӱͷͷ£ӱͻȻԵС˺ܶࡣǵ߶ѵȥ·ֻʣһѴ󵶡
һĻڶסˣԱܵվﾪ
ûδӱʹֻҲδƺƴĻ
һ̣ǲеظܵӱСС̲ŵǶôǿŵ
ԳɳɫѿǹɷŵǻѪħնɷǻ֮һӱʦȻǹɷŵĸˣ
Ҳסˣվ֣ص˵⡮ѪħնҪѪҺȫеĻΪһʹڵĻᱻɡӱһһСҲ㲻ģ
ҲӱɱˣСݻڳϵģ
ԣԳɳæС䣡ٴˣԳɳǸǱھ˲ţԶԶһҫҪҪ
ԼҶԣڵǱӢھҪذٱĲƸ
ѾˣӰҲվø߸ϵĿ⿴ԳɳǣѪħնһѲͣ£ӱܵķɶԳɳǣҲֹҲ޷ʱľȵݣ
ڣ޼׼ȥȴס
޼ɣʱȥȲСݣԼҲ
޼ɺСܵܣѵӱɱ
ͻȻŭһץס޼ɺڣŭȵҲ֪ҵܵܣұ˭ں
޼ɵ۾ȵ㻹ȥΪ磬ܵȻ£ҲҪһ𣡡
ҧ촽³һѪȻǰ´ҧơ
ѪںȵҲʱ˭ȥ޼£ҲȥΪСݣ
Сݣ޼ΪԼˣѵΪСݻлӮ֪֪ӱѪħնǰܱסͲˡ
ɿ޼ɣͻȻƽ˺ܶ࣬ǰССݣǣҲǣһһεСȴǴһҲòϣСǸ츳һҪߵˡˣܼǣܴһЩ벻ֻǲԸȥİ취
Ϊ硣һΣѡ
޼ؿִĳϵһۣĵ˺³һ仰
ֵܶǷӡ
һ;׻ƳգӽҰ£ؼ䱻ӳյ
ͷӭŵſ꣬һ󳤳ŭţ£һնڸ̨ϣ
һ£ߴһɵĸ̨ͬ㱻롣ͷʧʹɵƻΪһ壬ΪѪڿ
ѪУһɷĹֳӰѪ۽ͫģɲݱȥ
ÿһ񣬶Ҫǡж顱ǿ󡣶ϾϰٸĹѪг˳
ͬһɹɵĶħ֮ʦݿ񱼶ȥ


046 ˫ػ
ݴδԼС֮䣬·ֻʣԼһˣκһܽԼĨɱ
ֲãţǡ
иеĸһݵԺ
ʱֻһо
Ǿǵȴ
ȴ٣
ݷһУˮԼԼѡ
ӱʹѪħնһ¶ģӱɱʲôҪȫһ
ϧκδۣҲҪȡýʤ
վԭĬĬѽʶҵǸĻǷ·ʶȽȽһֺգâɵʶУս˻УͻںһǻĻϷӡͼڸ׳ˡ
ڹؼʱ̣ݾȻӡӳֻ
ʱĻѱӳӡ
Ĳ㣬ֻƴһۼܼһʱ䣬ݾȻٴζʶһӡհһ䵽Ļϣûϵӡͼ׳ࡣ
ݵĻȻѼӳӡ
޴Ĺӳһ㣬ǻ֮еϵȡӳ㣬ܺǻᲢۡ
ڣݵĻȻǼӳ㣡
˵ǻԶԶǻˣ
ÿ̨ϵ֪ݴʱڸʲôضᾪȵļ°͵ڵϣһʮصˣ޳ӡ9ѡһǻϣѾ3㣡
ȻͷҲ᲻ãȫûȻÿ˶ܱúǿÿ˶պѧ߼ÿжϣְӡȵպи߼ʺԼĻټӳֵ뷨Ѿݻǧɵϰߡٹֲ̣ÿУʱӵӡҲź
Ըȥǲ˷ѡ
ݻǵĹִ
Ǹé®̤֮·ˣʵĽԻ֪ԽԽ࣬ԭҲִֹϰߵġĻı˼룬Ļбϵ
۷ӡ࣬ۺĵ
ݵ뷨
˫˳ĳϣƽеƶƣûԼоۼ
ҪͷųѱǻĻһͷų
˫ػ
֪ԼľܲԼõתȻˣͲҪԥȥ
ϵѵΪŵʱ̡ѪҺͻɵĹ̤Ѫݱڶʱǿ˫ϾۼĻԴС
ЩٿˣʱվԱߣ뼤뱧סʱҲںô࣬
û˵룺˫ػҲסѪħն
ϵĵǱ鲢ûгãܿͱ仯Ϊ죬㵣
ΪоۼĻڲϵ
ԭԴСĻž޵ӵô֣
⻹û꣬Ϊŵ
󣬾âȫݵ壬ֻܿǵɫâȴݱˡ
ʱݰ˫ϾۼĻѹһ𣬺϶Ϊһ͵ǰ䡣
ӱɱﵣֺγûУѪħնг˫ػ
ơ
һֻ̣ǰȻһԭѾҰĻƻͻȻĴ졣
ţһݵ߻Ҫߴĵɫǰ˳ȥֱײЩڶĹǡ
ⳬܵĻ۵ģﶼһƬգ
һ̨̣ԭŵ˶վһֱ侲ŵӰҲסˣɫŵעųϡҲһʱ˽˵ɸߵָ̨ϷŴ꾳ڵĻͣûǽ˵ʱ徳СȻˣѡ
ҲݺӱӰˡֻټĸ̨ϱɾҵռݡһ̤ѪɷĹһһֹâɵգ̵۾
վײһ
˶ס˺û֪һᷢʲôķչѾȫǵ
֮ǰ뵽һĬĬݵʮ꣬ȻھӱƵز
ӱʤˣҲᴫճǡ
ʱȴһԼŵ뷨ʮݣҲʤأ
ȻͷֻһΪӱʵǸ߸ϣһֱøӵĿ⿴ŵͬϰСǣôױġ
飡
ڣ۵Ĺâ;ҵıۿƬײģһɷĹڻĳ±֫⣬ɢѹɢĻͺѪۡ嵽Ĺ񶼽Ϊޡ
ӳӡⷽʽͷų˫ػֱ޷
ѪħնϾĵӱеĻĻȫգ䱬ҲǾ޴󡣻Ȼɢ񣬵һĹ̺ųǿΪǿײһ𣬲˵ضɽҡĴը
䣡顪
̨ϵ̫ըˣܷҵĹâҹЩĴֱֳ
һʱ䣬˶۾ֻЩ꾳ĻͣǿӭŴ۵Ĺâۿ
ȻǿƹһӰӱбƷɳȥͬýźݺ߳ȥʯӡ
Ӱ߷ɳ⣬һɸߵĸ̨ڵ£ѿӰ
ģģĿ壬ˡ
ӱ
ȫٴһƬ˶Ŀɿڴѻȸ
ֻǴľżžžմ֡
ԳɳһƨڵϣϿ˷ܻǾȣֲȥѰҲ豭Щʱо˫ŵݸ
ѯߵˣСӮˣ
û˻صԳɳǣΪ˶Ѵ͡
оȻع񣬴Ǳ̫ྪȵ³飬ıԵʮֵүүСӮˡ
СӮˣ
㿴Сݻվ̨أ
ȷʱ̨ƶѾɢ̨ϣֻʣһ˵Ӱ
ô˵ĿעţӰįȴ
ӳ3ӡ˫ػھأǾͷŲġǿͷųҲ͸֧սˡ
ʮأͷųѩɽĻҲǿտҲȻڷϾи̣ڵԵú
νˣѾӮˡ
ӱõҪľȫĻΪɱﵣֺγǡ
ȷվ̨ϵݣԳɳڷЦҲվԱߵϯλǻվŷӰЦϵģҿʼ˵ˣ˭ǳ˭˵أɽ˲ųӱѾʱˣݲʮ꣬ѾԽҲһʱˣ
Գɳⷬ˵ĺƣ죬ȴû˾侮ʯС˵־Ϊ˭֪ͷѹֵ̫ˡһԼƲס
Ӱӱýģ죬ӼҪĳҲû뵽Ȼ
һΪڴݣȻӣ
ǴţӰԼĳЦ˵ԳɳǸʹ죬ϯλϹЦоҲˣһ
үү㲻𣿡
ôĵӣҲҪȣ
غͲĿǺԳɳǵĻ˷γԱȣĿضųϣָ̨һˣ㿴
Գɳǵ˳ָȥֻһɸߵĸ̨һ˱Եһֻץ̨ءҲֻ꾳Ļͣãܿϸָ
ţһִֻȻϵģһɫӰԾϸ̨
Ӱӱ˭
ܵ޴ĳӱûбˣҲ϶һʱŶԡ
ðɣˣҲӦûϾʹĵȫġѪħնٻҪöࡣ
ƫƫ˿ȥˬĹ⣬ͷ·һ㾫񣬸ողϳĲߡ
˶ɴ۾׾ô¡
ӱ˫Ȼ£̬˵ûе¸̨Ҳûأһû䡣
˵⻰ʱݵģ֪ڶԼ˵ġ
˵ͷʾ
ߣݣҲעֻҵ°ܽ
ӱһЦһ̣񣬻̬д˺ܶࡣ˵֮ǰ·ⳡѾںˡ
ڶݵ˲䣬̬ͷת䣬˭Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
ϵģһЩ˿˶ߡ
ӱվܵĿ仯Χӱٵƶ֮䣬һƴɫϢתĿðӱ塣
ӱǰţÿһ嶼ų΢΢Ĺ⡣
ɫĹ⡣
ӱ꾳ˣӰһе˶վ


047 Сݣ㣡
û꾳ӱȻսͻˣ
ӱʮ갡ʮĻͰʵţ
ҲˣֶһͣʵҪȫǹԼˣ
ΪƥӮˣȴû뵽ӱȻʱ򾳽ͻƣһźɣ
ˡ徳оȫ޷⣬䶨˰
ӱĽӣҾ֪һǹھ

̨ϵĹը˹ԭΪһҺ޾ʶȿԵܾһһεֵסӱĽӱƵʹɱﵵʱǵϲѾ޷ˣΪǿһоʰٱıݰӱɣȡʤһ̣ǵԸӡ
ڣӱȻԾϸ̨ʵͻƣΪ˻ͣ
ĵ̶ȣùǲѣܶڿʱҧһڵƻһڵ裬ڶԭıУûʱȥȥȡ˵ǸѾ˳Ժȡ
һǾһоǾǽӢκһ춼Ҫʣ
ֵӰĴЦŴ죬ѺںеĽ¶˿ͺͺҸ˵ʲôأǵΰúÿ̨ϵˣΪ˭ʤأңǸ徳Сӣܴӱͣ
һǴԨͻȻɽһǴӸɽ˲Ԩ˵ȫͬȴʮơ
һΣԳɳȴûкǰӰǣӭӰĿ⣬Ц
ʲôӱ꾳Σ
ԳɳǺǰıִΪͬӰ㶣¶Էʲôƣɵʵʲô˼
ԳɳǼᶨ˵ҵ˼ǣⳡӮˣ
ƾʲôӰʵƾʲôô϶
ԳɳͻȻվָųϵݣƾݣ
Ӱһʱסϻ
ӭ߶ǲĿ⣬Գɳŵ΢Цøм˵ǣǰССݣÿζܸǴȣϲڸղţȡʤΪԼҶҫţСһӮӱжǿӱѳΪͣСݻǻӮԳɳΣֻ֪Сݽʱʧ䣬ζСݵĲšǿ
Գɳ㵸˵ǿСڳ϶ôһжΪ˶õһΪԼֹؼʱ̣ôܲ
Լ˶סˣû뵽ԳɳǾȻ˵һλҪ֪ݽŵԳɳǣǵҲԳɳǣûĵĻԳɳǡڣԳɳǾȻվΪҡź
ݵģ˲Ⱦ˴ҡ
ͻȻ䣬Լ˶վŬŬȭͷ֣ص˵ǶվΪСźӮӦøмСݡСܸǴϲһӮ
ҲҲСݣ׼Ӯ
ͭԲĴ۾ݵĹϵģʱȴȫȻԼүվϻֱۣû󺰵Сݣͣ
ηҲվΣ͸һΪСݣͣ
Сݣͣ
ܵһĻů棬˵ллңллҡ
Գɳץסֿ˵˵ллģӦǡ
һ̣ԼûһҪͶҲûһ֮ɫÿ˶һ˷ܣһĿȡݻӮӱǻͣȻݻӮ
äĿΣǿȵ֧֡
äĿȣܴĿ漣
һȺӣֱӰӵԼһۣ
ӱʮ㣬ԼһĻﾹһ˿ǡ
ϣӱ̬վţƵעݡƺͻȫµĿ˵òôҪˣʤҲòҪˣⲻΪϵͻƣҲǾ񾳽ͻơ
ڴݵȴǸǿҡ
꾳õ죬ʧȥĻ˲ظʱ״̬֮ǰҪ˰ٱ
һЦݣᣬɡ
΢΢ͷҼǵ˵ҵֵû֡
αأӱȰ徳оûġǻֻͣһͨˡʹѪħնɡ
ûлشѡ˳Ĭ
Ϊ֪ӱ˵ģǿ
̨뿴̨һ룬վڸ̨ϣƺ˴ԼϯλϴƫͷȥԼ˶վк֡
ԳɳǣĸףоǶΪԼź
Ϣ̨ϣųɣǧϣǶԼεĿ⡣
˸磬޼ɣվһİףǵж¶ͬǾϣ
ССվѡ˽˫ȭĴ³֣սɣ
ӱ̾ϢһϯλһۣĿɨǸѰҵӰСãԲסˡ
һ̣ԥٴʹѪħնǰĹͷ󵶣
һΣĽˣ
飡
ҹһɫ磬·ҹĻһ˫ħ޴˺һ
ͷվǳ̨ȥԭѾѿĸֿ̨һֲѷ졣
ﶼһһȥܱ֮ǰû꾳ʱ֪˶ٱ
ƺһȥζݵʧܣ
һĻԳɳǴŶźĸӼˣ·̨϶ȫǵ
СݣͣСݣͣСݣͣ㣡ǵĽ
ݵ۾ʪˣûԼΪԼ˵ϣû뵽Լ˻ůĸоԼ
ٴ̧ͷʱѳĮĹ⡣
Įʣ޼ɣӱݡ
ΪһֱݶһãϢꡣԺݣԿ񣬵ܻĮ
ĮʲҲ
ڣ񣬾Į
Į¡
ûܿǿˣһΪʱݣѲǱˡ
Įݲܲ˲㲻Ȼ֮ǰԡѪħն˻
ĮĿУһľġ
ԼҵϣǸϣϣүүϣҿʧܣԷңǱκʱҪңҾʧ¸ҲҪսףҼǵøȥɽǰ˵һ˱ҪΣգҪѧսʤΣգھ߳˲һˣ˲ʸΪһͣ
ӱδܴҡױȵ츳ңȴйעһ
˫ƳâʱͿȫɣһ˸ߵĻ۵糸ӱȥ


048 ʷϵһ
ҹĻûǣֻһҰ׵¹ɢĲҹָմţڵĲͿĨšżһɫ£Щֱܱӳյĸ
ԭƽҹڵ죬׵¹⣬ף꣬ӦһȻĻƫƫӳϲҹˡ
һƬǺɫЩѪĹ縴Ķڤ˼ʳǵģͰѪɱ¾ĺɫġһߣǵŨĻɫһ̺Ĺ֣ɲ֮䷢ѿ˼䡣
ѪȲа񣬹塣ֻĽ棬ֻֻĶԿа޹ء
ÿĿͶǣеһǰδеܡһ̣Ѿ޷²ĽѪе꾳ӱͷųȴԽԽţ漣пܷģ
ΪǿԭѾˣ˸ߵĻûоͷųһ̣
ɫĹâУûܿݵͶܿ壬ᷢʱıѲֻĮ˷ܣ
˷ܲΪģҲΪ֣һֻȻʡ
ѾߵһˣǾͷһעһɣ
ڸ̨룬֧ţ˭Ҳ޷˭¶ģг˼ᶨĿʱתһֻϣڳһֻ֣ѻװŻ굤ƿóʣʮƷʵĶǻ굤ȫ
һ̣еĻ굤ݵڣ޾ĻƵڸݲͬʱ˺ݵ塣
ΪʤΪ˲κʧӱҺƴˣ±ҲҪһ
ݵı飬һԵײС
ӱңҴʷϵһ
ݵʶһӡڶ𣬽˻ĻС
ԭѾӳһӡĻֱݼӳһ㡣
Ȼݻûаݣʶһӡ㣬ٴȥ
ţһӡĿ껹ǻ
㣡㣡
Ϊӳӡ
ת˲䣬˸ߵĻɢԼ켫ŵٶӣ󾹽̨СѪħնĹѪȫû
̨˶վȫǷԱܡʱ˿̣ûκһ˻סЩվˣûһ﷢ǵĿ⣬ͬһ㡣
顪
һĻûΪҹҪɫ
ֻǰһȻһҶƮӰӹâз˳ȥһΣӰɵĺԶǿ壬һķɳ̨⣬ڵϡ
ǵһδﵽ˶㡣Ϊɳȥģӱ
âɢǸڸ̨ϵӰȻݡ
ڽӢĴУܵݣ
һĳĬ
ĳĬ
ʮĳĬ

ڼȵĳĬǼȵĻͼС˼⣬˶ΪⳡΪ֤һµǶȻǻԭǺߡ
Ϊ֮еĺܶ˶ڲ෹ѺҫĵһսҼ֤ġʱҾ֪һǹھ
ǵĻͬ˲Σһһ˺ܾöûͣЪǻ򼤶ȣĽ򼵶ʣӵĶߵ˴УΪԼҼ֤ⳡѡ
ӮˣȻӮˣ̫˼ˣȻڵӱ
ӱ޼ɵʱѾȥˣݵʱˣ
˵ţǴûмܵܶôʵָжǿ
Ҳô˵ûأ
ݿ϶ҪһЩӱ꾳ĻͶܴܣţ
ˣӱѾǻˣǰݵǲ˼顣ݿɲʮ갡ʮʱ򣬲Ÿո
֪ھ϶ݡ
ƨɣʼʱ˵ݳŲһӵġ
˵ûаɣһˡ

ȺĻԼҵϯλϷ˳ĬݵĻʤӦûǻȸԾŶԣǡǡ෴кܶ˶ڿ
룬ܰһȺСλĺӣҲˮ
§סĸ첲Ե˵룬СΪ
ԳɳǵҲỨĺһͬһ̲ʤһ̣ȴûʼȥЦӰʱˣҲû˭ĿͶ±ЦʧߴͲʤߵ۹⡣
ԳɳֻǶϣοЦ
ˡ
ʱԳɳǵУݵİΣѾ˱Ľ
ӮֻҪƽͺá
СݰԳɳʮָȭס򦣬һ۽ǻ¡үүлл㡣
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ѾˣǻĿУ¡ԶǵøĻǵѪҪŶֵȥҪؼٲ
仰⵽Ҫ£Ҫű˵浹£ǵþĿ⿴ʤߵʱ򣬾͸ܵ¡
Ѻ뵽¡
ȻѽӣӻۣǿޣṩٶȺҲһͶ˵״̬ƴ͸֧ʾͷųӳ3ӡĻͷ˼ӳ6ӡĻһӷʮƷʵĶǻ굤л㹻Ļȴ൱ΣաвͻԱΪ촷ۣʣ
ڣסʱȫͷųȥûΣգڱЩǻ굤˺弫Ϊ
˵ȻӮⳡҲ൱ܵش
ҲֻԼ֪ⳡӮǶôա
ܵͻȻǿ˶û뵽ġӱȻҲû뵽
½ͣȻﵽ꾳ˣ꾳ɺȫϤҲûиõӦԴʩݵĻͻȻߣ޷ֵ
Ҳ̫ţȻһΪӳ3ӡĴֱʣûм˻
ݻ͵Ĺִ˼׼
ֺݻͲͬ˼άģʽȡʤĹؼ
벻жȡóϵĳɹ
ȺеĻСһЩʱ˸߿ڸǹڸ̨ϴ
ӢھԼݣ

ٴη
չӢ󣬻һĻʽ硣
ÿ磬ͨﵩ˾һسԺ֡
ʧ߻ѡ뿪ʤһǵףء
ʵʱճ췽Ĵ;ٸĹԱѾȥ
һ̣䶨ССҲ֧Ųסȥ
һ鶯ӰԾϸ̨סԼĻ
ףδ۾ոֳ΢Ц磬Ӯˣûʧɣ
Լǿĵܵܣ˵ͷ޵úܺãĺܺá
ݵûи綪ǻţ̫ܵܲˡ
Цݵ֣ص˵СݣΪԺ
ʵģ
ͷġһ˵Ľ
¶ĵЦҸı۾ڸĻ˯


049 ݵӡ
Ӣ̾ĻˡɵӰǰͨͨȾļͨһҹ֮䣬˲֪ݡճǵǣҲ֪ھôһСѳɳɲ
СеǸưݺĵλЩӦӢڣݶǲ֪ġ
Ϊ졣
ҲΪԣúܶԭӢϼ˵ϻƵ˶ΪʧҲԽظС
ܶ˶ڻɣݺԼҵ֮𣿻ǡǱԼҰ
з磬һˣǵҲסġԼȴȫȻں۵Խ࣬ǱԽгɾ͸УΪԼˡ
ѺԳɳǻؽճ˺üĴΪݼڻ״ȷֻ͸֧ȶݿˣŷɲϣΪȡεʤȴݱ˷ĻͲʤʧˡ
ѺȻõԼ˵޹ػǰһֱ͵ܰη̽ͭҲζ꺮ůǸˣóЩ˶Լ̬ת䲻ǳĳĿģĸлںܰӴʱоλƽ߸ϵԼҶС㣬Լ񶼱˺ܶࡣ
Щ壬Щɬ
ףڵԼһӣѳ뵽֮ͥС
Ҳ׸ı˶Լ˵ĳɼһԼӱսʱԼȫΪԼźֹΣۺʱݶеʮů
ڵ׼ͥ󣬴С֮ӵݣůͬ˸Ҫů˭ãͻӱ˭á
꣬ĵ
Գɳжһöָöָʹ֮ͭɫʽͨһεָӡһЩݿͼ⿴ۣ˭Ҳ뵽öָһǻ
Գɳǰѽָ͸ݣǻ䡣ӢһĽȡ˵һöָȻҲġ
ݺĽܣӦõġ˵ΪѵõĶǻһΪ͵˵ʵ̫ˡ
үүöָʲôã
Գɳ¶õɫ⸡һĶĿռ䣬þ̽ˣռвûʲôĵطָҲûʲôеĹܡԡֻһָѡ
ԳɳǷ߷ߵ˵ƷǻΪʲôöȴû뵽һͨͨĴ䡣ⷽıиһǻҲ͹ˣһǻĴռһĶشСҲװٶˡһǻ˷ѣֱͲ
ҲΪʧǵõһǻıȴû뵽ֻһĽָѡԳɳôգУܱûкáο֮ǰҲûдֶ
Ļ˵ǺܸĻЯȴҪʡܶ¡
԰ɡþץסҪŽȥĶ
ݵͷָϣСҲʡڸָɲǼ䣬ͻȻһ
ԺͻȻһǧĻ棬Щǧľӣһ죬ζĹӭӶһǵص漴ʶһ׹⣬·جоѹһȫ졣
ֻǺܶݵһʱ䣬Գɳûзʲôݵȴֱ
Сݣˣô£
Ҳ֪ͻȻܽš
Գɳۺ룬һþͻӦЩӦû£ϰ߾ͺˡ
ǰɡ㬵شֻǷܣΪǿҵĸоʵԳɳ˵⸡֮УǻЩΡ
һ̣һݵĸʧ
ţһƤӵʧ
⸱ֱƾձ˳
ݺȻúܵ⣬⸡֣Լܹʡȥص鷳ˡ
Сݰ긡ºԳɳǵҺܺ棬ںӱսʱ㾿ӳ˼ӡڻ棿
ⲻԳɳǺ⣬Ҳйۿǳ֪顣
ʵ˵5㡣
Գɳ۾ɵϴ󣬼شվȵ5㣡֮ǰ1㣬Ļӳ6ӡ
ݵͷ
ˣΪʤǷˡԳɳź˵徳꣬Ҳֻ޳9ӡϣͻȥ6̫˷˰
Ҳ˷ѡ΢΢һЦԼ뷨Ҳӳ֣Ѿӱˡ
Գɳǵ˵ûպѧ߼Ļȴûӡˣǲ̫źˣοѾһ̤꾳ΪͣҾͰԼҵǻ㡣
ǻԼΨһǻ˷ӱֺ֪ǻܡǡѪħնĻ֮񱩵ƻĿһʱĳ棬һѹͷ󵶣ǴѪбڶĹݶЩȫ飬²ѡ
֪Գɳǵ뷨ˣݵʱãүүʵǶӡʹִ̫šֻҪ˼άȥ룬Ҳûʲôźġ
ݸԳɳǴĶξϲԳɳǶСĿ࿴ҲǰСӵĻϷԡԳɳ࣬ʵ⻰ô˵
ʵӡʲô
ȻǼӳֻ
ӳֻΪʲôӵӡ˱øսֱȻ˹˵ȻˣǹףӡĿľ˱ǿۼӳǻҲãǻҲգվΪ˱ǿҰӡӳڻϣһǿսʤ꾳ӱⲻǺܺ𣿲ѾﵽӡĿ𣿡
ԳɳǸоԼƽȥˣæȵȵȵȣǱǿûЩӡ㲻ãǼӳڸ߼Ļϣǻøǿ𣡣
΢Цǿǿи߱׼𣿼ӳǻڵõǻʱڣӳǻڵõǻʱڣǶӡţѵԺõʮǻȫӳʮǻ𣿿룬ʮǻ֮ϣ᲻ỹиĻ
ݽŵǴţնӡ˹ײġ
ԳɳǱƽȥˣݵһ˵ûдȴ˳˼
ݵһЦ˫һ̯Ȼּᶨ˵ҾͲںô࣬еÿһ׶ΣҪʹӡһԵɱﵵĻܱ֤Լ֮ͬڲ֮ءڣҵ뷨ǰѻʷϵһѼӳ6㣬պӡˣһҪӳ֣Ҫӳ10ӡĻʲôӣ
˵ĺƣԳɳһһէ
ӳ10ĻʲôӣԳɳ޷ִݻκһͶ޷
˭10ӡӳһϣ
ݿԣҲ˵ⷬʱվ˵۵ԭӡͱ˲һȻʸ˵Ļ
ʮֻ޳9ӡȴ޳54Ǳ˵6
ӰƼӳ1㣬ָӳ1㣬ӳ6㣬46㣡
˵Ҫӳ10ӡڻǼϾͿ԰쵽¡֮ԺԳɳ˵ֻǲԳɳ֪ԼԡΪԽߣԽ֪ӡĿɹҲԽԼӡǶôΣ
Ǳ֪ˣǻץȥоɣ
ֻһ棬һΪԭʮأͷżӳ6ӡĻѾܳˣǽӡӳֵ10㣬ԼҲͷŲġ
ϣκĻκĻκİ취Ҫܹ˲ɡ
һͨˣõĻӴ˾УħɱΪһ
Ҫһɳֲиĥܳɹ
Ҳֻ塣


050 ҵĻ
ԳɳǱ˵ˣЦһðɣǺܸ˵£үүͲ˵ˡСݣѾʮˣϣ㽫Լһ͡
ݵ˳ȻɣʹүҲˣҲһܿǡ
ţǶүүĽǶΪˣҾͳױǲڽˡ
үү꾳жã
Գɳǵ˵Դӷϴθ鵤Ҹо꾳ԶˡҾͱչȡڰͻơұչصҪ굤ҩȥˡ
룬үүм˵
ʲô£˵
˵ɱҡ
һˣʲôֲֵġ
ʵϴθ鵤һԭõģүү꾳Ĺؼʱ̣ҾͰ鵤үүɣ
Գɳ˫ֱͷȵģӣƷ鵤㻹
ݵͷ
̫ˣԳɳ͵һĴȣЦҸҴģٷƷ鵤ȥ£Ҿܽ꾳пܸ죡
ǻʲôȥðɣݶԳɳ΢΢һЦתȥ
ѰԼԼˣڲ˷Լ£Լΰˡֻ֪ԳɳǵİԳɳǶİҪöࡣ
ȻֻǼƷ鵤ȴԳɳǸκζҪ
Ȼ䲻㣬ƴӮġ
ǣ鵤Գɳǣʣµ鵤ʮʮٶˣ͸綼꾳̣ʱҪõġ
ҲҪһ޶ȣҪ֤Լ档ȻǾͲǺģ޴
ԳɳǷֱ޼ɴݣˣݺܿġ
˷ֱųɺǧϡ
ΪͣȻҪúдǡ±֪ˣΪλӻǰСӷ硣
֪Ӣʱݵ˷飬ǳӣһ磬ԼСͬжĽ޼ɣŮ·озεųɺǧ϶ܳ
ֻǧǶüȥоֹҲΪ󷽣ϺһǺݹܰΪˬ
С㣬ʵԶѺЩҺûɣǧǸֱֱȥˣע⵽ܰɫ㿪ֱԡ
ܰ뵽ǧϾ˵ĻЩεķҶ˶ӡ
԰ɣŮˣŮ˵顣˵ţǧϽԴϣǲ㿴ˣȻΪʲôأҪٲ㣬ҿҪܵˡ
ܰǧôʱߵ÷ܡ
һ˶Ц
˫ֱأ˵ȻһζɿڵĲˣҲ˭ԾͳԵİɣҪһԭĲˣ
ǧˬʵЦø첲ȦסݵĲӣҸʶЦСݣ̫˼ˣҳ˳Զˣ
Ӣѹ˹أܺǧϱʵǿǧϵĸ첲£һ㷴ûУãף椵زǰЩ
Ʊյ֮Ȼᵽ¡ԭӢݻԺ޼ųԼãųɵĸΪںսꪣ´µǻ
ųȻˬشӦݺӱûֳʤʱѡ˱ԼҵĴȡӮˣ͸ҪԼùϵˡ
Ϊ˭֪һɽݶȻôܻ꣬зֳʤ졣һٺ󣬾Ȼϴƣʱվ˶飬ȻɻڴվˣǾڹ굹ùҲŵùˡ
ųɺǧ϶ǴˣȻ
ݡ޼Լ塣ԼΪ֮һųɺǧϵдѾǺܺˣͻ˵Ŀֱ޷ȡ
ȻֻһСׯޣǵȴ˼¡õģסõģߵһȺ˴ӵš峤ĵѯ޼ɣ費Ҫʲô񡭡۴СеĻС
ݣΪСӣǧѶɲȻš֮ųɵĸΪµǻļ˼ֱܵԼҶܵ
ųɵĸһӵĿ󺺣һ˫ϳźϼ룬ģ׶񣬵Ըǳֱ͡˵ǰճһǳֻͣǺճȨ󣬲Żص˻塣
ڿı޼ɶǳ⣬ܷĵؽںսꪽ
Ÿںս󣬰޼ҪĽϣȻʣһС롣˸ˣҪŸΪ
޼Ȼûκ飬ںսꪾһġȫҪҲûʲô˵
̶ˣŸͿʼˡӦ޼ɺһ깤
һڵʱ䲻Ҳû£޼ԾͲȥڴ峤óԺúȵİڻ塣ҲֵﰲУǳʺ
˶ȴǻĵ
ھӢֽŵպƺֹƽ

ƻ裬
ꡣ
ˮˢŵ棬ðˮŨˡ
˵ϰշҪ忪ˢôԼҸۡǾҸۡǾĻʹ
ӴװݻǰŹʮɫʯʨԺߴʮɵļɽռʮĶĺھ϶Ǻ˼¡
ӰǸܵˣǾ滹ʲ棬˺
ھϣҪһ
ʱ޴󲡴֣ʮҡ꾳ʮꡣڽ꾳ʮꡣӰ꾳۷ڣи꾳ܻʮġԼٻжʮʮÿһÿһ붼Ҫúܡ
谵鷿ڣӰһټʨͷϣָֻнô岽ԶĵطֱһŮ
ĶŮ꾳Ļ͡
ǣŮСӡһӣӵĸ磬ΪǰԼҵľսʱԽУǷˣҲٲ¡
鷿ãӰڵ˵ӱˣôˣ
ӱףʻæӱȻأֻҪգ޴󰭡
ӱΣӰĵġһʧ˲ҪʧԶʹʵֻҪϣ໨Ǯ취ҲлġĻ䣬ٹܼ£һֱӰĲ
ӰӱҲһһ겻
ǵҪáΪͺľǰƽˣһεʧܶ󡣡
ӰܶõԴֻҪӱҪģͳͳϤ꾳Ϊм
ǡǵͷ
ݵķɺӰӱ¹ȥˣҲ㲻ʲôˡһ£ð졣
״˾ܷԸǴ
ӰĹطǳ࣬˼ҪݣŮǳƺҲֱӺҪи״ˡ
ǸӦôɣ


051 ̽⸡
Ӱһ鷿ڶʱɱ֮
üͷ΢΢һ֣ص˵״ˣֻһӶѡҲԣվԼˡ⣬ʵԼСǲȥǰʱȣԼͻᶷ
Ǹһһɫ̥ǵĸˡ󣬶ƤܺãǸгŮˡûжŮɹף˶ѾˣҶϡеԭû˭˵ֻ鷿ĸ˺Ǹ֪ԭ
ЦݵƳһۣ欵磬Դӱͱôլʺˣ״˵ĶԣǸѾʮˣǵΪͣǾ붯ôˡҪɱҪɱ
ɫ԰ף£ƤôסףʱҲͬӰ䲻ȵ˵粻ͬ⣬ǾͲǣȥ졣
Ǳ۾üΪᣬҪͱ˴ϣ㲻ӱ˵¡
ѵ˵ˣϲȻˣǶŵ״磬Ҳ˵Ҳϣɴ߱롭
˵һСʱ⡣ǵ˵
ʱסȭͷĿֱ죬ȴû취
ˣˣӰһŭ˵Ҳǣʲô²ᣬʲôӱûӱѾǸˣҵĽ
Ӱֳȥ̬ºЩȻӻģǣ˵ĶԣǸݾԲʮأͰѾ꾳İӱˣΪֱͣԼ죬޼оЩСˣǶΪͣҾͲҪˣΪǿꡣȳݣٸɵȻԼҿս
һ˶һ
֣صʵ״ˣսˣ
ӰͷԽԽˣٲ֣Ŀ¾ˣ
ãͬ״˵˼¶Ѫ˷ܱ飬ʵ״ˣʲôʱս
Ƚ꾳쿪ʼҾͱչأ꣬һܽ꾳
ãֽкã˷ܣЦ͵ȸ״仰ˡȸ״˳أǾͰԼ𣬵ʱǵˣ꣬ճǽȡճҲռһϯλ
š
˶٣Ӱʵݵ£˭ȥ죿
Ӵվ״ˣȥԼԭһˣԼҵǳ˽⣬ڻ׽ԼӦ˵ڻ壬ֵĺʱ
Щһȥģ
޼ɡ
Ӱ޵Ĺ⣬ˣڶߵˣվ˼ãȥɱҪĿݣҲɵ޼ɣŶȻΪߣɲ⣬ȻӢϰܸӱΣûгȫοԼҵĳԼǰǿսӰұչ
ӵͷ԰׵ڸֳһѪɫƺֻеҪɱ˵ʱѪɫŻĵĴƤ¸ͷǣ״ˡ
һȥ
Щ죬Сѣһȥ͹ˣαͷ㡣
ӰҡҡͷСӺаţ޼Ҳɲ⣬ǲ֪ǳȻǸߣûӦС㣬
ôҡȥȻȫķԸӲ
Ц£Ҷ꾳ڣû˭ǿ˭״˵ģҸ֡
ȫԸٴζЦ֮⣬Ҳ⣬׽ɼϵܺá
ˣȥɣұչˣȫǴ
Ը״˳֮ʱǽ꾳֮գ

ǧǸǳŮӡ׷ĽĶϣֵķǳ
ݵ飬ѾȫڶԹ͵Ŀ
Ϊÿ춼ҹﺰݳǡ
ʵϿյǺ;ϿյûʲôͬطҲһų̶ѡǧϼֵΪǺҾúбҪԶĹһ
ҲþܾϾǧ̫飬鵽ÿκһ𣬾;һŻ𣬶ԼǿҲᱻڻ
ҲϲǧһԸŮӣȻ飬ñ˴˿
ÿһ𣬶졣
峤ŵķʢ硣ݼǧԼǻһʱڷԼ¡
ﲻԼңû׼ÿҪ飬ݱ
˵ʯоȵȡ
ӢݴջܴϣʯȻǱѪ֥ҪõĶС£Щʯǻ굤һǸƷʵǻ굤
һѪ֥ɵǻ굤˳ͻƵھأĸһٶʯÿһʯһǻ굤ȫջһٶǻ굤
Ĵǣ޼һ˶ʮٸԼҹ׳ʮԼʣʮʮƷǻ굤ļֵ͸ԳɳǸݵʵļֵ
˵ڵѲԼʲôԼҿڿٳɳ
Ҫ֪ЩƷǻ굤꾳˰ܴ󣬶оηЩ徳˵ҩ
ȻСÿҲޡķʽͨʳ³굤ԱˣȻҲͳԲˡԲˣҲ²굤ˡ
ڲ輸ԵСϣڲ輸ϣһ˸΢Ĺâʱʯƾճڲ輸ϡ
Сϲ輸ʯǰ㿴һƳܵɫʯðС˷ʯɣСĶҲѾĵϴˡ
ɵʯѱúɫ󣬾ͺģŹֵͨʯͷ졣
Сһٵķÿ٣ÿҲֻʮǻ굤
ݲǣΪСʯľϢС𽥳Ҳڽɱ䡣СԽ󣬷ҲԺĻ굤ֻԽԽġһѭ
οݶԣÿʮǻ굤Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ҳ˵ǷܸϣܸϣÿҲԲʮ
ڸ䣬о춼ûоʲô
ΪߣޣÿβҰѾڸ̫ãÿֻ̽һСط
˵ԳɳѾ̽ˣǲԳɳǣǾûԵҪʱһ˵ʵǿܷ֣ǵÿûлԵ
ݲŹκһᣬȻҪһԵġ
ھ̽УһƬټĿռ䣬һԳɳ˵аĶռСӡ
ÿ̽ʮĶ֧Ųסˡʱ䣬Ѱѿռڵеط̽꣬ȫǻɵһƬǰѶŽָǶͻڿСݵľһռڣͿʮûʯš
һ̽⸡ڲĿռ䣬ҪűԵһȦϸٿһ£ܷܲʲôɵ㡣
ʱǲܱŵġŴﷴС䵱
Ѿ³ǻ굤С㣬ŵĽ
ռﻹǺǰһûʲô쳣űϸϸ̽һҲֻǱһ÷ԼģҲûʲôźòϸԭӦԼĶԼʧۣ֮ǲź
ݵĽִŸж죬ֻⱾݵĻԵڷָռһЩ


052 
ǰǴΧߣռӽ̽ռ䣬űصϸ죬ڿռıԵôԶһĹ㡣
ռɫǻɫģǰ׹⣬ǰ̽ʱûע⡣ע⵽Щɫֲĺܹɣֹݡ
ǸˣǸռƿŸһСǰһһɾעСݵľĵĸ죬Ϊ̽㸶ǺбҪġ
ſռ̽һȦȻһȦЩֲеĹڶע˾ѾƣˡʱЩ㷢˱仯
һӿռظȽȽɫռ¡Щһ߶Ⱥ㲻ٶˣͬʱռһɫĹ⡣
һ⣬סʥࡣֻһۣ͸ܵһǿҵС
ǸĺӣҲûʲô£һ׼Ķ˿Щ⣬ͻᾫѣ걻û
ݴؿţЩڿռۣᡣ
ʵʵİ׹ͻȻһżռʮĶİ׹УȻһ޴
ʮ㣬߸ߵţΪռ񣬶Ҫ̧ͷӣܿǸ߸ϵʮʵʣֻǵӰˣ͸ܵһǰδе
ռڶʱ죡
Щȴ޷ӿռܳҲ޷˺ݵľΪŴİɫâİ£е޷ŰֻʮΧǻ
⡭ʲôݼ
ʱϵһźڵݵԽԽ󣬴ɱ⣬ֱӳݱ
Щסİɫâȴڵ㲻ǣݷ
ã֪Ѵﵽ״̬޷ǱУҲҪһɰ׳յ³
ֽʱһɫݵðػݵľֵסǺڵĳ
ϣбڴˣˣ
Ŵͣȵؿɫ㾹ȻС
СȻ˵˻ˣ
ǿźڵȻڼǰýˣſһźɫ״ĺɫתٶȿ죬ֺܼ˿ʲô
ԽݾԽоɽѹоɫԼѹӢӱͷŵġѪħնѹҪ
֪ʲôֻ֪ԼУԼľٻɰ׳ա
ѾҶ϶ٿһӱҪǿöĴڡ
ȻʱǰСͻȻһŭȫµëȫһƬ죬һëͬһɫļ롣
Ȼֹס
Сϣٷͽظ
ԣﴫһеɱⶼԹԵСǰ
ݿˣС˵أڵѹûʲôʵӱҪǿĴڣȻһ仰סˣ
УǸʲô
УСôͻȻͻ˵ˣ
У֮ݴʱ̫ˡ
ֳԭС˵
Ưĺɫ𽥱ûֹͣɢͿռڻɵĻɫΪһ塣
ʱݲſ壬ԭһͷ޴ĺܡ
รԡ˵ܣȴֲȫܡΪȻܵԴƣȴǺһģһϻס
Сͷվһ𣬻ûоܵĽƸߣ̧ͷžܣþܵ˾η
ɫСͷ֪٣ܱеͷ
ܱ
ǵģ̬ǫһʵͽĿСһԼҳĺӡֻǵ긡ȡá
Ǹ˵ȡһֻСɣˣ
Ҳ꣬ζûȫ
ԼĵͺãαҪִ޳Ρ
ܱ˵ͷǼǶ
СҡҡͷҲ֪ҽ븡ԴֻжԸļ䣬벻
ܱɫһѵˣãǰ϶Ѽ侫Ժ
СͷӦҳûãԺкܶƬ
ǾͶˡܱٴζСʩ񣬵Ժ˽ӹ
СݵľڸռɵͶӰҵˣҲĸ׵²̳ˡڻԵɺϣֵõĸ׵˸˵񼶻⣬Ժ⸡ҲҪƹܡ
ܱݵʱ˾η΢˵Ȼļ̳ˣҲԺܱȫԸ
ڸǿյˣֻһֻԵ֣ӴԺǸˡҺ˶Ҫ黹Ҫġ
棿ĸܱ˼ʵ
Сͷ
ܱ˷ܵЦһ⡣ܱ˵һֻĸо뵱ԼֻһֻССڣҲֻѣȻ˸ĸ
Ǹ麣겻񼶻
ǰĳʱѹʮ֪жٻ굤ҪķԸΪ麣ЧΪǸģһô°
ڲգڵĸУһ꾳ﶼûС
Сܱʧ䣬ʮ˵ʱӽӣƾ˶δؾͲܳԽˡ㲻ض룬ֻԼڵ£˻øľ޸µҲԽԽ࣬ˣʱ򣡡
ܱ΢죬εĵͷ
Сϸشܱȫīɫë޹⣬ȫԵͻʵܱǲǱˣ
ܱͷͷΧİ׹һۣڽָµ֮⣬ڱעһ˿ͱЩ֮ճɻҽˣֻ
µˣЩҪôСתݵͶӰͻȻݵĸ˽ȥһ̣ڷһֻĽɫ΢΢һʱһƽɫĹâƮ븡ռ䣬͵һܱԺ
һ̣һŽܱͷſ漴ɨָܱɫ󡣾СһһͷȫŻɫëľܡ
Ӻڰױ˲ɫܱǻ˵ڶһǿࡣ
ܱƣϲָˣл
ݵͶӰǰ¡
ҲܾʵܱʲôΪ
ܱŵ꾳
꾳һЩУԼȻôշһ꾳
Ҫ֪ԳɳǺӰΪûдﵽ꾳
СˣľѾˣóȥˡ
˵ãСһ˵лعʱеȥ
ʱǸзɳһɫĹââƴССüġ
Сһϲĸļ侫Գħٶ
С㵸˵⡶Գħٶ徳ˣҾڸȽ꾳ٳҪ£ֱþڸҾǡ
ƺ֪ݵʲôСֵЩʯÿ춼ãĻ굤֮⣬Ҫʱȡǵõʲôҩӽ䣬ԼԵġ
ðɡڳܲסӸ
ڴڴܣľɨһֻۣøղŷһС
ȫ£Ǵ졣
ȥԡɡ
ݶԣԡõķɷʽʢˮľͰԺЩվ̲סС
Ͼ̫ˡ
СôͻȻͻ˵ˣ
ˣΪֻڸ˵ǵҽ꾳ǳҲ˵ˡ
㾿˭ݵʲôĵ⡣
Լ治֪£ĸԺļ侫侫ȫ룬ĸǲǲֻһӣǰѼҲָĺӡ
Ȼ𣬵ǾԳй¸ֻС̵ġСһ˵ݶ϶϶ǾԳѼ侫ֳݣÿС̼̳һݣСȻҲֻһݣǼ϶Ͳȫˡ
СֵֻԼļǵãĸ׵͸˵һЩ¡ĸ׵ˣҵһ긡˸ĸͳʮ
ʮݾǸʲô


053 Ϊ壬Ϊ
Ǹĺġ긡񼶻ҲǸʮǻƷָĿռԳһ磬װʮݣؼһĴܣκˣڸרץһЩΪгɵѹ£ΪáޱߣѹʮĸʮΪ֣ɽڤһͿ
ɽڤһͿǶôܰݵľЩô˵ĸ׾ܱ˵գҲɽֻԳѾˣǸأ
Сź˵ҾͲ֪ˡⲿּûСĸҲǻ˼䣬еȫܣظҲ϶ˡ
ôӵʮĴܣȻҲ⣿ݲ˵
춷ضضҪôĴۣеļѿһڽ֮ˣô䣬ͻᱻݡһݵˣаջǻᱻѹեΪ촷ۡΪ壬Ϊ֮κ鶼⣬ֻ׸
Ϊ壬Ϊ֮κ鶼⣬ֻ׸ĬĬ仰ͻȻľͰվ֪ˣ֪˵ˣ
Сɻݵľﴫˣ֪ʲô룿
˵Ҫںõ壬쵶ȥ׸ˣݵĹâΰ̫ΰˣ̫ΰˣվڴصϣ̧ͷϵĴ󵶣Ϊؼ⣬ǾͷݵأԽ֮ϣõˣ
룡ģѲ˼ܱˡλˣҪص˰
ǰɡˣСЩǣݱ麣ľӰ죬Ȱ㻹ǽ̤ʵصɣЩ鲻Ҫȥ̫ࡣС߻ħ
ţݵͷȻ˷ܲѣֵظŸ䣬û뵽ԭΪûʲôõǻȻǸؼһı
񼶻ǰû˵
ȻڲֻǻС˵ˣǸǸ䱾ǿ޸ģǻгΪ񼶻Ŀܡ
ʣС⸡ͷȻҲСճ췽ôͰ⸡ΪƷˣ
Сû֮ǰ֪˭֪ʲô𣿡
֪
ǲ͵ˡС͵˲ݵˣ֮һݡǸϾɴܣȻ㿪ʼɽڤԿĻ磬պ˼䣬֪˻治ࡣοճСطĻ֪ʲôͷҪǿǻͱͨĴˡ
Сŵ㿴ϵĹ֣Ǹ˼֣Ǹ˼Ҫжֵ˽䷭ճǵֶ֪ˣǱ˶ˡĸ׵ļ̳ˣڵõ˸䣬ҲǸ˵ļ̳ˡһעֻССľػĺܡҪסҪȥں˼ʣҪڲϵʵϡӽӣеȴҲ޷Ľѣʱ׼ӭһһεĽѡ
֣صصͷˡСҲӽǲսҲܸаյĽ
ţˡԳħٶһӦþܽ꾳ɡ
ݲһͷԵˮһ½꾳Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ҵļ侫ĸ׵䣬ĸ״һص꾳ֻ˶ʮ죬ԼҲ̫ɡ
̬̫̬ˡҺҸ绹ʲôţֱţٶȡ
̾˱ˣ˰
ˣҲˡûʲôԱġ磬˱ߡ
ݵͷͬСĹ۵㣬˵ȷߡ
Ǹõˣߣ
СȻˣһҪôӦҡ
˾ܷԸ
Ժٽˣ
⡭ǽʲô
Ҹ磡һֱҶǰ㵱ܵܿģһˡ
ðɣСݸ硭
ƣŶ˳
Сһ̸ݵӰ޴󣬼ʶһȫµ硣Ҳ˿СĻϾͰǸ꾳ǶԼǫ̬ȻĿ
һ꾳ĻͳƺΪζû뵽¡
ˣı۾ܵĿľͰأˮ̼ԼƤƣëͷųȥ
״ֻ̬˯ĸо
ƺƫƫԸУҪݿҪ˯ŵʱ⴫һݣģ
һкݻһľű߿
ԽԽ
ž
ڣݷľűһ߿ǧϴ˽ϲݣⰡ
ǰϴ衣
֪Ҫ㿴ǵģʱϴǧľͰߣ˫ۿľͰأЦ¶ˮϵؼѵǡ룿
ʲôû룡æѹӣֻԴˮϸֳ
ֻˮ峺ڵƹӳ£͸ˮҲܿˮŤĳ塣ǧȤˮݻڣϴˣңϺá
ϴˣǧվַϣһҪ⿪ӣһһϴģľͰݵ
ʿˮԺʱֳǧѹ·ģȻֻ롣ǧϣǻ᲻ᷢչ̫ˣһû׼
̫찡ֻҪϲ㣬ϲңʲôʱ򶼿ԡ
вУﲻС
ΪʲôﲻУ
һ˶಻ã
ǧϴһָˣϴ裬桭ݣǿ£ڲݵϡðɣҲȥϴ裡
˵ţǧϾߡ
æ𡭡ҲǸ˼Ҳ
ǧϹЦһأ˵㻹ǸȤĴޣҶģСܾܵСܵܣȻôߡ
ǧһ׽Ū϶ʱͨ죬һ´ľͰȵ˭Ǵޣ˭Сܵܣǧϣ̫СˣҲСӣǸˣбٽԣϾͰң
ž
ٴα߿ǧ϶ݵ壬ĿתĳЩص㲿λ
ݡͨһľͰͷû˽ȥһߺˮһߴ󺰵Уҷˣ㣬кãһ°ɡ

ǿ£ݺǧϲڲݵϣϵķǡ
һʱ˴˻ܶ࣬˵һЩСʱȤ¡ݲ֪㲻֪ǧϿ϶ǰξġ
һָоǧϲϲ͡
ΪǧϣĶĸо
޻˵ĸǡ
ֻǲ֪ǧϻ᲻롣
Ǳ˶ˣҪ̫ں˼ʣҪѾϣӦЩĽѡ
СԼҸ棬ȻҲͲٶ룬˳ȻһЩĳЩ飬ˮɵģԼҪȥǿ
ΨһҪǿģǾԼʵ
ֻԼʵϵؽ
̸˵⡣
߸ݺǧ϶̧ͷʮĲݵϣ֪ʱվһˡ
ǹ⣬˿˵
һŲ԰׵µ԰׵·Ѳ
˶ʱվ
ǧΪˣȿʵʲôˣҲʶ㡣
ɫ԰ף䣬ͻȻӺڰг֣Ǵڤ縴
ˡ
ǧɫһ˭
ָ̧֣ǧԵݣǴӳݷ﷢ġ



054 ҿζأǿߡ
еףеϸˮеɳƣеᣬͬ˲ͬĸоٻһÿһݺǧϵƤ룬ڻıص׵磬˲ȫͬһ˪
ԣû˵ԼĿģҲҿ϶һˡ
Ѿ֪ˣҪ
ȻǸ򶨵ˣϵıʱüΪѿС⻹ǵһҪ裬ηƣͺأǶǴܣƴƴ˭ҲҪ
ɱ¾ʣ˵Ƿǳİġɱ¾Ǵûо
صĺӣڵһµʱ򣬶ܻκ˵ĳɳҪһ̣ЩһɳѪɱ鿴ʬɽѪҲݵ̫١
ݲǣһѪˡ
ˡݵӺ⣬ϲηʱ飬ִݷð
һĺʹ죬Ҳĺסҵˣӡ
˵꣬Ѿ֣һӣһɫĹâʱݴȥ
ݼæǧһǧǰ˫ӭһŵɫĹâʱð͵ĻɫâԿ
ȫǻıƴ
žݱɳȥǧҲײ
ѹǧϵؿڣܺģȫȻûܵ顣̫ǿˣֻǻͷžͲԼֵܵסġвԼСĻᶪˡ
ǧϣߣǧǰ
ǧҲǵ˵ˣô죿
ݵҲﲻҡ꾳Ļͣûκвӻȥȱ
ǧҲԣȥæΨһİ취
һҪסǧϺתȥ
Ϊߵĵôޱ˵һ䣬˫ǰӡʱȫųһɫĹ⡣ԵĲݵغȻһĲƤⷭٵ϶ѻ仯Ϊһˡ
˳κϻƹһ仯˺ӳһģһˣϵ·Ҳһģһ
רǻû
ӵһ֣ǧ׷ȥԼҲݴȥ˫£ͬʱɱݺǧˡ
ǧˣݹ˲ԼæʹָžžžžĵȺϣȴ񼦵ʯͷûжκ˺
һ꾳Ļ͵ȷ徳ܱġ꾳ԪϢµõ죬߱˳ǿķݵָӡӳֹģɾӵһ˺ˡ
⣡ʱѾƽԹ˲ϾǣæһлӰơ
ž
ӶƵ˲䣬ѱ任λǧϵǰʱϰٵŻӰֵĽ
飡
һӰǧ˳ʱӸҪȥ׷ȴ֣ݻУûߡ
˫ĦһŻмٷŴҪͷŻˡ
ԭݸûܣҪ䲻ķɱӡ
κ˶㣬ܾ󣬵δؾûлɱӵĿܡһ굤ĸ֣˯ʱһһصõĨ˲ӣҲҪġؼڣǸһصܲҵᣬҰסᡣ
ۼݽҪͷŻæǰȻֻ徳ûĻǼʶġһӳ6ӡڻϵķӣ˲ġ
Ѿۼˮ״Сˣڲͣţʱɫ˿ߴסݵһƻɫâ˿ðݵȫеĻ˲ɢ
ʱһһɫӰ
СӵĻ̫аţҵͷųҲǵסġ
ݳ˵ȥһźŮˣɫܵ͸״̬ǹ⣬ܿڵĺɫºǰƤŮ˵ĳţڶͷ̳һͷ״мһӨ͸
ܴǺɫ˿ϴɫһ
һ꾳Ļͣ
ԼˣҾȻԸԼӰǿԼ
㣬ŮˣȥԸѵ
áȻ˿߿סݣֻ峤꾳ĻͣŮȥȱҲֻܰһҲǶ֡Сӣǧͷųҿס㶯ɱˡ
ݼˡȻٵĻͣŻݻȡʤŮһץסؼͷŻҲֻбˡ
һͣԼѾΪˡͣǾ
СӣںڵƤһϲ㻹ǸӰɣкܶûСˣҪ֮ǰˬһˬ
ǧһӡҪ֪ɴûԼСӣ´ȵ˭ǴӣСˣЩŮˣҪΪҺ۸ǵס
ӴӴӴˣԽ˼ˣһ˵ҵҪʲôζˣݺԼϾ˷ܵĿֱЦ
ɫվԶ㣬˼Ҫرһ£
ţرܰɣúҿζأǿߡ
Ŵ˵ԹԽҾͱôһ̲ˣðɣǲˣûҵ˼ؿζؿζ֪֪һԭĲˣ
Сӣǰúһ˼Ȥɣȥ˻֪Ϊʲôζ
Ц˫֣ʮָͷֱϵһĺɫ˿ߣЩ˿ȻϵϣǹȵǱֲġ
ݲ֪ʮɫ˿ʵһ׶ǻΪħ˿
ħ˿סݵ壬һƻ˳˿ݵ壬ͻȻݻ±ͨ죬巢ȣԴΣҲһֻĸèкһЩ

ǻסκ˶ͬ˴ҩһ㣬ֻҵһй֮ء
ԷԽ󣬱Խ⡪νŮʮǣʮ绢˵¾˵Ůˡ
ҹܶˣҲʽĳɹףЩ˵ˣϡ˼άڹ˱һ߿󣬶ȥŮˡЧһİ취ǣǸ˱һ߲˵ᶯʬ塣
кܶ˵һҪٸŮˣһҪöٸڱɱ
ȻѰݵڶеһСһ
˵ĵһΣҪͺܿ죬Ҫ۵ƣҲ޷֪һ֡
ͬĸЦţָһ˿߶ʱؿһֱӰݵ·¶ؼ
ӴӴӴͲ󣬼⵹Ǻܽʵҵθڡ
֣ѱƵ·ȥץסݵؼ


055 һõ
ָܵץסԼؿڣһ˿˿˺ƤĸоȻݾԼؼѾԼ챻ץһ
Ҳȷ˼ŪݵͬʱҪĥĲΡζؿɲ˵˵ģҪ䵽ʵ
ѳΪԼĲˣͻȻһǰǸԼսһҹˣ峿ʱѾݵֻʣƤˣи߹ǻ˳ûһϴ̳һߵͼ
һŮˣŮܸıȫ磬ԾҪıԼ硣е˶ūţûŮֻŮб
Сӣҵϣ˰˭ɱ֮ǰôҸһһڳΪ¾Ʋˣҵһˡ
һֻ֣ץݵһؼǳָݵС
ݸܲʹ࣬ǻͶǻħ˿סѾʧȥĸоڵļȻδŮ˳ζʱһʮˣϵı黹欵ĴϢԽĶ
ݣˣһ㡣ѱ׿סɧĵ
ݵͨ죬һִֻļϣĿ
Ȼڣҵˡ
̫ˡ֣ץסİ͸ݺһ·˺ãĺɫºͰĸ¶¹¡
ãܺãҰһ㣬Һϲ˷
˻˻
һϵ˺ݲûѵ£˺ĳȹ
ԶҡҡͷԶЩ濴ȥˡ
ɫЩ˵Ѿоһʪˡݣǿˬ£ҵǿԲɱ㡣ҵ飬ӴźңҲǿԱסһСġ
ݲеʪʲô˼Ҳʣ֣ȥ¡
ɣ򿪣ӻ᳹ױסġ
ݵָţزֻһ壬ȴûץȥھﺰڣʱˣ
ָϵĸͻȻâһŻĹâֱӽײ˳ȥ
飡
죬æعͷ֪ʲôֶΰѴײɣһ㳯ݱ˹ȥ
ǰײɵĺһʱһͷ޴ĺëܳںҹУӸһ
ëȻǸеܱ
ԭס֮ʱݾСȡСԸܱæ
׼˻ᣬһ£ܱͳһֲ
ܱͷ߸ϵӣһͷ˹ȥȵүүһܱ
ͻȻðôһһɶߵ֣ȫһ㶣⧲֮£ܱѷ۵糸㱼¾Ͱӽס
һסӾҲѲˡ
ĺɫܱðһһĳˢӵ塣ֻÿһ˺ɫԼԼĻɫҪһ֡һˮԼͷ֮Լ¶ȡ
ָоʵ̫ˡƫƫΪ˵ʮֳ
Ѫ⽥ήͬһƺþеŴһ
ͷǻ꾳㣬ܣǲ֣͵˵Ҫֵܣ
Ҳ˵ˣˣѳָоԼȫʧĻҲѾܱĺɫƻˡԼ㲻Ҳ˷ˡ
ǧ㣬û㵽ݾȻһʵǿİ֡
˵ûݵȷаš
ֻһʮصˣôл꾳ĸԸ
ӱһͳʧȥսľѣҲ˵ܡֻĺͳȹѱ˺飬¾ֻһ̿һ£ģǳǱ
֪Ͱǹ⣬㱼ʹ졣һ䣬ЦΪǴƣǿϣռˡزȥͲǧһ
ܱûݵĳƨݾϹǫ˵ôã
ȫʱ̱Ĺڵϣܱݵƺϵľ֮ɫ
ݣ꾳Ȼˣ㾿ʲôˣʵ
ҾҡݵڤҾش⣿
Ӿѵ㲻ˣ
ݺһȤ˵㿪Цѣôû˼
ܱȥɣ̫ۣʱñ֪Ĵڡá
ǣ
ܱص֮кݼϵһߣĶǻħ˿ܵĴæҲջء
ʲôþԸʵ
ܱǶǻƶɵġղŮ˵רħ˿ѾԳһ·ħ˿̺ž𾫻Ǹö
ݴܱһЩܱδ˼֪ܱħ˿ϲħ˿ʲôã
ܱǺܺõĲƷ
Ʒû뵽õһ𰸡
ܱڸͷ˵ǱȻ鵤ǻ굤ҪõĶҵʵܶࡣ
รħŮ˸ԼĻرƵģҲûã͸˰ɣ
ܱȷҪң
һˣҲûʲô͵ǵһʹͰɣȥݽħ˿븡С
лʹܱͣƵııڻɫռеħ˿£һţħ˿ͱȥ
һ̣ȫ˸ɫëһεκɫҺë⴦ʶ¡ⲻѪҺɻ۶ɵҺ塣ҺڽµĿռϣһɫݡڿУܵ¶Ѹ˺ܶࡣ
ܱľʱԭɫҲúͮͮģȻڷħ˿ڱ仯ͬʱһƴĺɫϢͷðǸƮȥܵһƺɫϢҲڽı䡣
ԭ黯ĵһ΢΢ζ֣ЩҪʵʵĸо
ݿ˸ı仯ɻô£
õݵʹܱͣǳã͵𻵺ѰԼĺΪһ塣ҲܵǿҲԽǿ֮ԽǿҲԽǿ
ô˵ʵıˣ
ᣬܱϽ͵ġ£ˡҵѺĺΪһ壬ֻҪһͷҪݻҲֻܺһ𱻻𡣡
ȻֻǸʮĺӣҲף΢΢һЦ㲻С㻽һˣǾԼˣ޸·ϣЭǶΪͬһĿģǾǱǿǰǸһСϣԺµһ󽫡˵ıһõˣҲһҲҪˡ׸Ҫס쵶׾⣡
һ˵ĺƣܱѪڣ¾ڸ£ֿ˵һ׷ң
šݵͷЦҵʵ㣬Ժ󻹵ҡ
Ҿ˵ĽҪʱҾͳʣ
ãܱҲ㣬ʺĺöҾԲģ
л
ֹܵͣ˱仯黯̬ʵҪָʵʣҪٸĶǻ
ܱٸǻһʮǻҲǲġ޸֮·ܳռܰɵ¡޸ҲҪԵģ㲻زģֻԼʵԵʱֻ㡣
ãŰɣ
԰ץҺúõ̳ΪҲôį
Си飬Ҳįɣ
̫Ҳ
һ㶣漴ЦȤ
СԼǰƤӣǰˣģȤ
ܱû䡰Ȥʵ˵˵С
ֻǣЩɻ
Сѵ


056 ɱ
¹ⱻڵûһ˿¹ҹĻҹȻΪҹǹ財
ҹעһɱ˵ҹ
ѵ˵Ҳע޷ɹԭ
ԭͬһȻѳΪԼˡ
ӹǰȫվûˡ
ɱҰɡ˵
ݵΪʲôҪɱ㣿Ҵûɱˡ
ӵһͣ綼Ҫɱ˵ġûɱˣǾҳΪһɱ˰ɡ
⻰ɱһͦҵ£
ʮʮأһ꾳ƺΪҶʵںܺ档֪޷ŪܣԤУ㽫Ϊһ˫ǿߣССľ㣬ҲĶ֡ԸɱҺܷŹңҪ˺ҵļˣһ·
̾Ϣ̫ˣûɱ㣬ҲûҪԸˡ
˵ԼˡԼǲ˺ùġϣֻһܻ
ֻ밲Щ¡ӣҷȥϵ˵ҪٴˣӴ˺ദɡ
ŹңӲ˼ʵ
ʲôѵҪɱһû塣
ͻȻЦ
ʵЦʲô
ӵЦϾֻǸӡĲݡңҵĻӣҿ϶㻳ģպһ뾡취㡣
ݶ£ؿӣղŲ˵һɾ˫ǿ㻹ұ𣿡
ס漴һЦ
˼˼̫˼ˡ
ʵô˼
ӵͷ˼
ðɣ׳ˡվ
ʱһȴԼٵĽŲԶתۼʮ˳Ϊǻȥȱǧϡ
ǧվһԼʮˣӣһ˫۾˱֮ǻĴ峤ҲǻΨһĻͤ
󣬶Ϥס
޼ɣųɡһЩСǰЩ쾭һȾֵˡ
ȱǰᵽˣսѾ
ǧϺ˶ǲ첻ѡ
ǧϵ£֪ǰɱݵ꾳Ļֻ͡ʮأûгΪ͵ߣ͵Χɱʱ䱣סѾһǳѵõˡ
ɿڵΣӹڵϣݾӸµʤݣ
췽ҹ̷
ͤæܹɵʵСݣû°ɣ
ݵȻ˵û¡
ͤʵ𣿻һأ
ȻȻ˵ˡ
ˡһˣһˣʵĺ̲ܶ࣬ͤסҪȷһ¡
ݵͷġ
ݿ϶Ĵ𸴣˶һһôҲţһʮص꾳ĻͣȻһĳ𣬻һˣ
ţͤȵСݣô쵽ģ
̯˫֣赭д˵öѡղŹɱңһӣҾͳûһ£͵ˡ
˶˭Ǻʣһǳң֪ݰ˲˵࣬Ҳû׷ˡ
ͤߵǰɫӣϵ㣡˵ھȨƣĿˣһҲǺ۸ģܱл͵Ĵׯһ˫ҲĳһСһҰ۸һô
ЦͤѾǽˣ˵ЩʲôãҪɱҪУˬһ㡣
ͤҶӰСӣɱˣӰԻǨŭ壬ʱɱҲǵסġ
ȻվԼǱߣҲֻЭѣҪɱҵˣǻûǸӡ
ͤԼһ仰Ͷ˻ȥӵЦ
ݣݣĲɱңǲɱҿˡ
һṦָһЩվŲŽŲ
Ҫҵܵܵͷͷסˣͷѵô
ȺдţںڵĽƿնзУһĽУת˲ɵӵǰӹһѪûڰľͷ
¹ҫŵ²Ұ׵Ļ档һ׵廹վڲݵϣĵ˺˼ŵ¡һѪܵͷڲݵϹ˼ȦʬԽԽԶ

ǧЩСǵһԱܵ˺˼
û뵽һǰսˣֲпķʽ
ǧЩСȴޱȵѪܵʬȥһУӺڰзɳ۶С
ǿͷ˵ܺãǻܺãһοѪɱľһ͡
ЩÿξۻȾڳǰѹעĿⶼӢĹھϣûرȥע
һӣƽʱͦͣż޼٩Ц˵ĸоôУҲôº͡
ֻǿıӰ͸ܵһɱĺ⡣ɺӽŵѸٵȫͤλٵĻͣҲΪľٶе﷢
ƽеˣȻһɱˣ
ݾ磡ôɱˣ
˵Ҫɱ㣬ҵȻҪɱ
ݵѾˣһġ
תĶݣ˵СݣüסҽĻ˺ѣ޶ȵĻͬ顣Դˣ;ԲͬĳκαܣܵˣǻţпܳΪպصĴڣ
ɫҰףͣزšС󣬸ĻһֱҲδԸκɡ
ⷬȴͬһ̣ʹļ
ǶԵġֻҡһʱ޷ܰˡݴͷӵͷ­ƿĿ⣬ƺٶ࿴һ۶Ը⡣
ΪʲôҿȻҲ֪ʲôֶδҲܼѡвڲݵϵͷӦġ
ɱһǿߵѧĿγ̣
ǣ硭ݵûס
š̬ȳϿңϵʧתȥ¶֮ɫͤ˵峤һӵʬȥң֪Ǳɱԣ㲻صĻλȥҲ֣ҵһһǶԻʲôҲᾡ֪ͨ㡣
֣ͤЦѣͬͬˣȻţ»ǵ𡣡
˵ţݺ޼ɹ˹֡
ݺȻʵ磬ղŻɱӵĽʲô


057 ħɱ
ӰһţתۼҹĻǹ޷⡣ͬµӥٷɵǰһͣ٣һĻ壬ͷڰٵƶ
ϳӰǽն׵
ǹ޷Ľϸֳ΢ЦŴʦǲСݣŴʦںսΪҴǻ
ȺеŸһۣ˵ͷʾл⡣
Ÿ֣һҲҪʹûˡĲȻû˵ɺҲ߱շеĹܡܷܷӵ£ÿߵı¡ѿѧǳǿ󣬽ѿսǻںϣѰǻѿһ֣ơΪͺ󣬻;ٶȱǿǾ̤ܽͿշˡ
ԣŸ͵˵ڱпֻܷӳܣУȴܷӳʮɡɾĲң㰡
ˡԭѱѿսڻԭѿսֻ黯ģѿ˺ѿռʱĿռѷ۶ɵģʵʡڣǱʵʡ룬Ҳȷֻлѿǻˡ
Ÿֵ⽣ȡҪ£ԴΪ
ЦЦһԵ޼ȥĿеںڳ¶˼ۣ޼ɣĽȡ𣿡
޼ɰѳⳤͨںڣ񣬽ڽͽӴһԲαԲ̡ͱıһײԲ̾ͻתͬʱǡ޼ɾжϳԷնϡ
⽣䲻Ǳ֮ףȴбĿǡħһɽնϡ⽣ȡħ
ãһħħɱɱħ⽣󣬾ȡΪɱ񡯣
ħɱ񡭡Ÿ㵸һİƣ˷ܵãֺãǻ֣ҲںսꪣҲǳһעԵ֣ħɱ񣬺һħɱ񣡡
޼Ȼޱ飬ǷɵĴҲܿҲ⣬ȻûܳΪͣѶǻ֣ԻҲܶһѳײǶˡɱӣҲһսѶţǵøϽȥ֪ͨүӭ׼ɱƬײ
ͤͷ̬һԼհκҪܷԸ
ЦҪôֹۡ޼ɣվֻһգ˽ʲô
޼üʲô˼
ӵʬһۣ˵ɱһӣѱҾͳʧôѵˣӢϣӱʹġѪħն𣿡
ǵã
ѪħնĻ
ɷš
ȻǹɷŵĻӱô᣿ҼǵȥӱӢھ󣬱ճһֿУΪͽܡڿӱʦǹɷŵĸˡӱǻͣҵмĿսΪɷŻԹô
޼ɶʱסͤĴɫɲǼò԰ɫ
ɷ֣ͬһУͱǵ࣬ͻȻ޷
ɷŲһ壬һɡ׼ȷ˵һаɡ
а֮㣬һģνĴҽᣬɱ˷Żٹ̡ڶǻģΪɱ˶ɱˣȡ˵ľѪͻѴﵽħаĿġ
ƫƫһаɣȴճмӰǵĸ߲ճǵһЩҪϵУÿٸϽ˾޶˰գȻɱ˷ŻҽᣬȴǱš˲ңҲˡּ
⣬ٹ̣ӲԱֻ֣ճ˴ɱ䡣
ԣճǵûԸǡճ֮Ҳùܵ
͢ճǵصĹ񸻼ĺΪôһͷϻˡҲãҲáȻ̳ûзչճʵѾճռһϯ֮أճ࿹š
ҺԼھǸ߸ϵ壬͹ɷͬϼŴˡ
˵ɷеĻ꾳Ͷкü꾳ͣһ˫ֶ
Լǰȷ̫ڿֲ
һ˵˶֪ұĿɽǹɷţһ
ͤȥ΢ЦѾǳˡ˵ɷæȫȫңɳսǿ϶ġ峤ϾǾˣԲˮ
ͤ촽۾Ĭã˵٣ѵȺСͤأַ紵ߵСˣӽһҰ㲻ɱҲĴ峤Ҳλ꾳ͣҵ˼˼ҪսԼӾ仰ҺԻǰս
ͤǰһҰѻ˵ǰͷǰˣֻֻܹͶʱ˲áʤˣӴϯλ
ã峤ȻǸʹˡ޼ȥԼҴү峤ĻǶˣүҪһֲĴ
޼ûͤԴǵ˵˸ұʵݡ峤Σ֮ʱȻѡԼҵѣǾͬʹֵܡʤˣԼҵһȥճһϯ֮Ҳпܵġպճվ˽ŸˣȻ峤æ
Ѿսǰˣͤ˷ܵү˻棿
޼֪ͤ⻰֮ǡǾ𽣣˵ԼҴү˵ÿһ仰Լҵ˼
ãĳʹү˵ˣ
˫ֱأȤĿ޼ɣ䲻˵ûյɾҩĵز
޼ƳһۣһΪôһ
ս޼ɣǰô˵һֱǴޣװͿ
޼ɱ۾˫ֱ˵ֻöԽ
ͷһȻʵӣˡ
ʲôˣ޼ɺɵʵ
ΪʲôԻȤֻ֪רˡ
Ϊʲô
ŸƬˣˣȥҪʲôԽʺˡ
۽Ҹе߳ܡ
һûۼʱȻúܹٵˡ
ʮʱˣ
޼ɣһһжӲסģ
㵽״򲻴򣡡
䡣
ث֣
޼ɣҴû˰Сݣǵ㿴ôɣ
ûشث֣ģ
裬
Ҳ
Ǹʲô
޼ӵֿȭ˹ȥӲýˣ㣡
ݣ
ͤ
ˣ


058 ҵĲг
ô£
ҸۡլԺڣһûŭ
űչյӰƹضĲǾͻƺ˷ܺϲʹļ׵ķŭ밧
Ѫ飬ݵ˫ֲţǰӵʬ塣
СһӣȻεĶӣȴϲһӰƽʱǸôѪˣʱԺﲻҲֳСʱϣںӱߵǧһС㣬ץùҫֻ䡣
ڣһʬ壡
׷ͺڷˣӰԸܵʵ
ӵʬ屻һײţӰİѰײҿһ۶ӵʱ׼ֹȴһԵקסˡ
ӰûпԼ뿴Ķ
ףҿİײָϣݺݵضŽţͨ죬ŷŭ˭˺ģȻҼһĻҲ
ͷأӵͷأ
ʱҹҰ׵¹ϡϡԭѰ߲Ӱҷϳһͷ׵һʬǰĺšͷأͷأδ̫ڹ졣
СĽһɫֽݸӰ״ˣǴҵġ
ӰֽչĿһ㶢ֽϵĺ֡дĺʲݣȴһѵС
ɱߣԼ
滹һϳ֣Լ޽ˡӵͷװ˵ڵˮСڻˮףȴǵͷ
ӰЪ˹ŭ𣬽ֽ˺ĩ
㾹һѪħɱҶһҪʬΣȣȿȡ˵̫ŭֳӰԡ
ǼæСܹȥסף״ˣдֽ㣬Ϊ˼㣬ǧҪϵǰ
ǰ״ˣкᣬɳƵ˵ҵĹǣԲܵ¡Ѿˣǲš
ӰȭͷĿֱ죬ŭȵô£Ǻηʥôɱõӣ
Ҳ֪뿪ʱûֻһˡ
Ӱŭһ˾Ͱˣ
ͷʱĻ棬ԾЩֺɬݰĺͳȹ˺ˣֻܴºڿɽҰп񱼡ڱܱУЩˣǻҲʧʱǳǱ뿪֮󣬱һסȫ㣬ԵϷв֮¡Ѿ£Űǻ˻ɱǳ·ס壬ŻһҹʱǱӻؼҡ
һ뵽ݵĳޱѴﵽ˼£Լֱʱ˵ĻǸµϵĻòͱúѪɫ㬵˵״˵ûݷǳаšԭҺѾסͻȻһͷ޴һɶߣһȭҴɡѹʱѱסۿĻٵʧҲٵĳߣǳ죡
ľӰӷŭΪȡ
ͷˮ۽£У֪޷ѣȥʱңת游״ˣ˵Ҫȥֵܣǻ꾳ʵǲ֡
꾳ΪӰԽˡ
̲ס鴤״ˣѵƭô˵ÿһ仰ҽÿһ֣ǧȷ
һֱüͷʱԣñס״˵Ȼ㣬˼롣ԱϣֶӰʵһ꾳Ҳ㲻ʲôǰ˵ǷҲǾµģݡݺаţл꾳ΪЧ˭֪ʲôûӱӵǴ£
ô˵𲻱ˣӰǰȵӴԺǾԼƤӵ¼βˣ
ǵͷ״ˣһաǸˣˣݿ϶򵥡ɱӣҪȡͷ˵ҲһСĽɫ
ӰȵԳɳǸϲģȻõֵܣ첻԰
ǵ¶ԼҵġԳɳһռ˻ʼˣǺãҲǿġ
Ӱһץסǵ죬󺺸һ˫۾ĶһһĵǴˣˣ
ʲô򣡡⸸Ӷ˽̸ʱԶһֱذڷһΡһˣɫ԰ףӵĲ԰ײͬĲ԰׺ȻȻ˶ɫӦþΪ˵Ƕ
Ӱִŭ˵ףһӣûô˵ûԼ֮ռ֮ˣϵ۷ڡǺǶô궼ûнֺαУҷˣˣٶȥĶﶼȥô
󣡡Ӱһɿܹȥݺһžͽߵڵء
һߵĲᣬʱѪҲգһЦҵģҪʱȥԩš
㣡Ӱ˵ˣӵķԣһŮĵӣǷѡˡ
ǳȴ״ˣϲСӣӱҲڴýӱ˵ʵܵҲһӡԣûϣϵԭ򡣲ԳɳдţٴϰݣóһЩԼңӴ˷ݱܷâٿԱȫʵ
Ӱ䲻ȵʵͺĻӦӿϵġ
ӲҲҲˡȥ޷ǷøԼңԳɳһӦġӦҲóȻսаսʤǣҲȻܾˡԳɳǸˣӢϣѿӱʦǹɷŵˡйɷŵ֧֣Ҳȫʤ
Ӱֻ̾ǿϧɷվֻǰǵһп޵ǶǿһЩԼңԼôҲס
ױ˵ǵͷæϧǿصֻǰӱԾȤ
ðɣ㿴Űɡ
״ˣӦˣ
ˣȥϢ
ʱһȺСԶ˹Ϊͬһͷ˵ҰޣܵӵʬǰĴ
Ӱ߹ȥĺ󱳣ڰɣˡ
棬еүүүүҪΪҵ𰡣ĺòţͷأΪʲôͷûˣΪʲô
Ӱ̲סᡣ
ӰڼǸǳȨˡԶŮҪҲ̣ܿԴŮȴǺܺͰҲ簮ССͽҪʲôʲôԲŰһ޷ھߵӡ
üͷһۣ治ʱ
źүүô˵ѵ㲻Ϊɱ˭Լҵ˶ԲԣԼӢھͿʼĿˣɱǵүүˣ
Ӱȫĺëʱ漴ֽ
Լ޽ˡӵͷװ˵ڵˮСڻˮףȴǵͷ
ǰ⻰ҪսŲȥԸǣѵΪǿԸǣ
Ӱжʱɱʮ㣬ģĳҿ϶ᱨҪ֪ҲҶ
ֻǡ
ֻʲôүүʵ
ӰǺһֻۣڲ˺Ӳƴ㿴ˣҲˡԪˣҪָԪ˵үүҲҪչأ꾳̣
үүİ취кܶ࣬ǺԼҰôˣǷҪǹȥɱ
ӰɻĿ⿴ΪСںԼҶϣǴûзʲôġӰ࣬Ͼ˵ⷬӰЩĿ࿴
ҲôˣҲǵΪıߵʱˡӰ롣ԼѪУŶҲ̫
ǲʲô⣿
ʵүү׵ĸңɱҵ˭ڼɵģɱҵֶ𣿡
Ӱһᣬֵܡ
ҧѰֵܻɱһٱ飬ŭֵͶǣȻѵ͹ˣ
ӰҲɻĵطԲŲóȻ֡
үүһƣ


059 С㣬Ϊ
˵Ӱ˵
һʱһ࿡εС˳ǹĶӰһŵͷվ
ԭԼҵˣܰʹӣǳءΪݷִݺϳԼңݺԼҺ֮ǡ
˵ţļƻ󵨵˵³ˣүүȻʹ㣡
ǣֶӰ˵С뿪ԼҺܰ飬СС˺ܺá֪СңȻߺޣǶСЩġҲ϶Сһֻ͡ҪСȥһСһ͵Ļᡣ
ѵ˵ص㡣
ǣ񣬽ŵС˰ˣǾͳûץסΪҪЮԼҵʡ
ͷܰԳɳǵ飬ԼҽӰŮʣݺֵܣԼѵɣǽֵܣٽֵɱԼһƾʲôǶ
Ӱ˼ŵڼ䣬ӱȥɷһˣȥʦҪԮӦ׼ʱԼҺƴйɷŵĸҲǣ
үү룬ɷŵĸҲǻɱˣǾͺ͹ɷŽˡ˹ɷţԼҾˡ
ӰһֱΪ˵һ䣬ʱüͷһü¶˷ܵɫãעãû뵽㾹Ȼ˶ıүүǰСˡ
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ŮʰҶһԭΪҶɢȴû뵽Ҷȴ֧顣
Ůһȹȹںܵͣܿ㡣ŮĴװ磬Ҳ֪ΪʲôֻǾýԼҪˣҪôŲźʡ
ϾԼ
̵£ȹױݣǳǳЦԡ
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ܰüͷһ壬õ˵ˣҲ񣿻УʲôүʲôʱΪԼҵүˣ
ŮŶܰ΢΢湧Դǿ϶˵үĻҲΥ
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˵ȷʵӢΪԼȡ˹ھִӣĹ;ǵйģƫƫġ
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ʹĻԼЧˣԺҽֵүүءһԼҡѵҪô
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㲻ϺܺãٱҪá
ǲ飬дʱ򻹴һŵϢ
֣СݣܴﵽһĿĵز
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ԼҪǿڲҪгһ㡣С֮ĹϵԳɳһ仰ⲻˣҪԼ
ܰȴû뵽֪Ϊʲô
С㣬дģΪ󰡡


060 սǰϦ
ʽүҲǷڼǰ¡
Գɳں̶ϣоĻ¶ڴڵǰʮ졣
һԳɳǾʽֵΪȻûǿԵֵգʵϵĹϵ˭֪ġ
һµʱܿ͹ȥݵΪûͻƣʼûн꾳Ϊ͡ǱҲûҵᣬܰץȥ
ƽӲƽΪӿƽĺӿתš
ŮС꣬ȻԳɳѾߵģݷǳġΪݲǰɽʱġʱС˻ԣǱݼʱ֣ڻĽҰˡΪһ֮ĹϵСݷǳм
ͨѯʺ֪СԭճˣҾճǵĸ̡ԭճҲǸȴû뵽ճǵһԶ˼ҲһҲɱĸɸɾֻʣڼūƴ²Ż˹뿪ճǣȴ⵽ǶԵ׷ɱǶѡ¡ȴû뵽֮ضȴݡ
С걻ݾº̹Ȼ˵ԼľݼԳɳԳɳҲ˳ˮۣݵѾͷ
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С㣬ȥ氡
ʱ˿̣С鷿д֣ΪĥīϲΪĥīΪĥīͬʱܿд֡ݵֺܺÿúܺÿΪһܡʱҶĴƽ
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С꣬ҲѾСɣҲһĲϣҲҪͰ
Ҷһ֣С
Ҷͷ΢ЦҶӣСһȥͶɣСȥ档
СʵүҪźˣ
ڼҴôЩ죬Ҳúúһˡ˵ΪҲȫǿڷܣڷܲܶ

ԼԺԳɳǵķԳɳǺֵɢڷڡ
ֻֻͨƺǸ⣬ǵĻȻѡԳɳǵԷ
ƺڿЩʲô
ܰץˣ˵ôɣԳɳǷʵ
ԼֵܵɫǳѿƽȵʱҲ¶֮ɫ
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ͭ̾ϢһҪֻܰнݡ
վͺȵôУ˵Աɣ֪ݲʱǲﶷɣ
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Ҳͬ⣡˵
Ҳͬ⣡ֶͭܰܿࣿŮ
ƿԣһƨ̱ϡ
ˣ˵һɡȻ˵


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ƹⲢ谵ڷеÿһˣеѹ֡ȫϵ䷴Ӧ´ʱǰ죬ǴҲкҹٰĸо
һصĻۣȴԵó֮⻹ܴ˫˸ƻ⣬ƽľȫȻͬͫͿĨһɫ
ͭխ촽Ҳͬݺȥܰ
ԣͭһ㶣ľȻϣԳɳǵƤҲһ
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ԳɳǵɫͻȻޱͺȵӺɱСץֱܰǲֶΣ伫Ѿ˺һǰΪԼҵʵѷһݺ޼ɶˣǰһǻͣӣǲˣ£񱻶£Ƕ벻˻꾳ѾһսҪȳܰҪҸ
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ҼӰǸǳעԼȨˣƽİŮǰٻЦ
죬һλӱıͣЦ棬̬Ҳʮǫ
ԵϣȣϮһĺۣκĳѻӷϣͿȥʮ£˫ĿðĹ⣬üӡһǸͷǳ欵ˡ
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Ѿ֪ˡĪɫ糣ݾӢϴӱǸӣ
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ĪЦȻûսʤѪħնĵӡĿǳֻͼǰԺ󻹲ǷһҲõʲôԵһǺأҵû
ӰѵݺаţĪ߾谡
һ꾳ڵĻͣͶǵСǰҪ߾裿Ī°Ѳ豭ݸӱվʱһͷƮݵ䣬ЦΣһ꾳ǰҲǱɣ
ԱϣĪָ̧֣ɽһʱ֮гһģʽƴСƾС
⴬ӰŵϴеǵȶŮҲһݡ
ڤڶɴɷŵǻ
ĪЦ㹻˼뿪ǰ˵ţɽһóһɫ
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062 ҵĺҹԾ
Ϲʱں槼ñƤëƵ£˵ƶʱʮǻоŸۣ槼ľŴ󻤷۾ÿһ۾飬ܱסһ˶ҪĻ
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Ī²ӱӰڿɷˣ
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ԳɳǾļ㳲ûһڸפء
ͭ޼ɣݣоηϻ峤ͤͶ峤ԼԼҾϸѡһλ֣ںʱҷ
ԳɳǱˣһλͣھСӶѣѾһɺܴˡ
Լϵ˺ſͶǧˣȴֻѡ˰λ֣Ҳпԭһ»ڳ͢ĹϽܾ֮࣬߻ʵԶԵطϵĹϽȲԼҲĿŵԲŻѡҹŻѡٶ˾ڶľսȫǿʤһλֵĿ޷ǣһµ˰ˣ˶ֻݾߣʵ
һٸǾͭϸѡģģҲﵽСɣ˵ԼǿĻһֱ۹ӡ

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з磬Ҷúܶһҹ֮û֦Ҷ
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ԳɳһҸۡ
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Ѿ¶ĵԼĻʯʨסԳɳΪ˹ʿӳһƣʱһɫâƶʯʨϣ顱һʯʨ顣ţǰʯʨĻûɢԾʽģĿԵ̰ʮһʯʨȫ飬ޱȰԵ
ǵһοԳɳǳ֣򵥵ĳ֣֪ԼԳɳǵĲж
ʯʨݻ٣Լ˾ѴŴҡǡʱҴžԼ½½ϰСܳΪӱӱǻͣȻıҪͣڼеĵλܹͬȡ
ǻ͵磬һʵΪ
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ôĻܵĶˣӰվԳɳǴȵͺģȵһˣϻƾսʹ죿
ԳɳǳӰȥЦȵľ仰
ܰҪץʱ䣡Գɳǽһ󣬷ܣӰ档
ӰɱȦԳɳ׷˼Ȧ꾵۷ڵĸֲ֪뿪Զˡ
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ͤɻӱͣҪͣ
һսҪغźڵĽӦ֧Ԯֻʤܰܣ
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εĴսԼлͶæһӰæĶûУӢĽкܴϵܱߵĴӣƽʱֶ֧ǺʽģȻǰ֧ҵҪһ㣬־ս£ҲдæԴȡ˹ھ֪޼жںսꪵϢʴ˶ҵʵʼʻӰ첻󣬵ҾսǰϦɣһջЩӵģǾͱӰ޴ˡ
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ԣԼҵõͤ͵ʵشá
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ϲĽҾ͵˵㣬ˮð̣Ǻʹ죡
룡ֻźңź㣡
ڨЦһ߸Ծͭǰ֮ʱк߱ͬǧߺ֮Ŵ쳯ͭҧȥ

ġħ˿ѾܱɣЩɫ˿ֻͨĺ˿ˣǻ£Щ˿Ȼǳǲסͭͭضֽ޷ʧء
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063 Ѫս
ͭĵ漤һǹ⣬Щǹɻɣڰб仯ɻ䡣ЩģǳͬһǷĻΰͬŵġ滨ڿպͭ˫ץסͭ룬ͭɿתʱһ쫷ͭĲЩ˳ȥ
һ̣Ļ䳯۶ȥ
컨׹
ǻǻǻ˵ֻͷߵľвôͨǲֲ١
Ҳ⣬ûУлУɫ˿ǰ֯һЩɵĻ
ͭ࣬Ըֱȴû뵽רĻȴԻΪ⡣
ɼ治Уٳ˷ʤ
ڼʱԼϰоηĴҲҵĺսһšӱȻӦЩϺСֱӹͤ
Ρ̫֮⡱Ĺͤӱʵһ꾵ڣӱҪһΣȴû뵽ӱǰȴʾдϷơ
СǲְŹȻţ
ͤĬĬ˵һ䣬Ȼ˫־죬ʱȼһ
һ̣ۿɼĻɫЩƮһƵƮӱ£ת˲ӱ¾ۺϳһˡ
Ͻͣ
ͤǻԵĻ
ڻûн꾳ԵġϽ͡޷䷢ӳ¡ֻӱһɻɵĻ𺣣γһ磬ӱƶƶӱܵ˺ʱʱðһŻ磬ӱĹԴеӱҪʱʱ̿߾裬ֹ͵Ϯ
ͤ˻꾳ǾܰԵĻӵ¡ʱĽͲûˣֱٻ𺣣֪Ҫ˶ٱ
ȻǼҲԡоĻͶԣĳһʹĳһĻǷǳɹ۵ġ
ͺñ͵ġͻ꾳ľʱʹãǾܴǿֱӰѻǼߡ
ʱ˭ͤӱӱǱˡ
ƫƫľˡ
ⱾͲǹƽľˣӱһУ
һ絶ľݵĸ߸ӣ״סᣬӱ
ͤԭǺսѣ˲սΣʴҲĬ
ȫð̣ͷ֮ʱȻǻɫâռ
˫ͻȻɫ˫һӣʱһɻɫɵ۶ɣſųĴ죬ӱ˻ƹȥ
Գ壡
ͬǻ𡰻Ͻֻ߲͡͡
ӱϽ֮УҪӦͻȻðĻ磬ӦȻһЩһҲţæʹ̫֮⡱
Ա̫֮УʱΪԭʼĻɢڿС
ڿӣ𽥱仯ΪɫķĩӱӶȥ
һ£ӱʧɫ
ж
ЦȻжȻƴӺζ
ӱȻǶ壬ԭа
ٺ٣ȻЦ˵аıȵӱү㡣ӹɷѧĻǱǶаŶ˰ɣ
ãܺãҼʶ٣û׼
ȷʵˡ֪ѾˡҶԾ綾ʵǿʶҲܵšʶʧأƾʲôҶ
ԱϣҲӱᣬԵͤסûϽͿסжԾ綾һ
ӱ̵һЦʱս˫ȭ΢΢գȻ͵ػȥ
䣡
˫ȭĻȭͬӱڶȥ
ģڻϽͽеӱ˶Ծ綾µӱ޷ؿڣ͵طɳȥʮס
¶ʤЦݣֻûпӱеһɲǼ䣬ӱǰһźۣͻȻ顣
飬һɫĹâðȽȽͬص⣬ͬƻĳϼʱӱ壬Ȼ淺һ⻷
ӱ⻷ɢеĻɢ
ƣЦ벻Ѿõӱվҵϡ
ͤȥϻơҷ£ҵ˿һȻԺҪ챻׷ɱˡ
ͤȴ¶֮ɫΪ֪ӱʦǹɷŵĸ֡˵ŰԼңĶ־ӱȴ뵽ʲôʲôӱȻɱȴɱȻҲѲ˹ϵܽҲΡ
µֱӽǣӽԺһɷ׷ɱ
ǺɱôһСЩͤ̾
ߣǵĻδ˵ЩͤǺ˷֮ʱӱȻͬһƬҶƮԾ
ϲްƣ𣬾ɫҲ統
ֻϸ΢ǰĺһţֻʣˡ
Ǹ񣬾һѽΪǻ
ӱȻţϾֻ½ͣ꾵ڵĻͺϻ£ʧܲһ¡
ô£Ȼû£
ӱĳЦо壬ɱô
ͬʱеϹʱں槼ı
ǣ
ţֻôУ
ɷŵıࣿʦͣǺԣǺ͹ɷԣؽúҸһᣬͶҶԸԼҵˣ֮ǰ¼̣
ͤסˣ
ӱּʦֻң˵ɷŶǷǳֵ֧ġǺ͹ɷԣбҪôҸı֮ǰϿ
ѾǱƹˣͤȻѾͬ飬ľҵľ
ͤЦһϻƣҺԼҵģǺųġԼݲʮĺӣ͵ļл塣Σʱ̻ȫǧϵİΣҲʮĺӣȻĿ֮»ɱӡȺ¸ңǺӶУѵû𣿡
ֵСֵܻ磬Ժڽϻʲô
ҽѪսף治ң
ͤĴȵ
ĴЦͤ˵ֺγģᱻһСӸס
˫ȭۼȵҪôսҪô
ãϻƣǾͺѪսף
ãѪսףݣ
ӱüͷһü¶ĮĹ⣬ЦǻǱҵģ
Ѫħն
ӱٶ˵ָͷ󵶣ն£ʱǰһѪ
Ѫ֮Уϰٹһ֧ɱʮľӣһıͤ˹ȥ
˺ʹֵĻֵǹײ
Ͻͣ
Գ壡
顪
Ĵǰһضɽҡ
ãһĻɢͤ˳ȥ
ӱҲ̱ڵϡ
ɢȥǡ
ܾˡ


064 ػ
ٽʱʱ֣ʿ£޼ɡݽ󣬽ԺӰӱ汻ƣһʣµһ־ֻˡϾѷϣǵʤ㻹Ƿǳġ
һѾŮУɱʮץסһͷģȵܰ
ͷҲ֪֪Ϊ˱Ϲ˵ָ棬˵ԺԺ
˭ܵģʵ
֪
ŭѵһɣʱһָؿڵȥ
ѲҪٶˣһһΨһĻ;ǣҲǿ֪ܰ꾳ڣһԼܵԵӮҲ˵Ӯ꾳ڵİ֣ϱ塣
ͷʬݺһף㿴ԺͨԺĴǰһͦεӰ
ˣüɫ׵ǣþò
ǰ΢΢һЦþò
ƽĴŶأһ㶼һۡɵҪսʱỻİɫס׿ͨʵһǻҲԨԴʱȢ˷ˣһֻͣǵֻ꾳ڶѣǼһǻףɼܳ򣬱״ûдӡ֪ɶԼĺãҲ׷ǳϲÿսʱ
д˵ӭȢǰδֵƵģɼ˵йϵ
ʱ׸׳Ȼʮȴѹе󱲡
̲ס̾үԼˡ
ǰ棬ģǽԺܰӦ
ܰŮȥȰɣ
ᶨ˵ǵʵӰҲ˶٣ǲУɡ
Ȼѿݸ鵤꾳ڣ֪ܶ࣬˵ˣҲٶ˵ʲôֻһ䡰СġݵСԺȥˡ
ûǣǴԼֻܹĿתĶɣǰδʤǾ˶ϡ
ǰǰ㣬㱾ҵġ죬ǷˣΪҵĶ𣿡
ǲǣֻд˲֪Ǵһȭϻӿͷȥ
Իȭ
ǵӰ˲任ͬһǣųĻɫβת˲ǰһȭ¡
飡
һȭ£׼˫ƽֵɵȭͷ˫ʱͻȻһɫâȭ䴦ҫγһһģһˡ
Ψһͬǣȫɻɣ磬һȭ״ȥ
̫Ϥ˴˵Ļˣ͵ϮǲɵģһͻȻͻȻһߣǻɵķ˿ա
׷ᣬÿһȭȥǴϣǴڿУΧγһģһķ
µרǻ
׻ɹ˿أһʱӱͬ֯һ꣬ǵصĸ˹ȥ
էһ֣ƾУһʱѷʤ

һߣΪ쵼޼ɣݽԺ
һѾסˣԭΪûˣû뵽ǣһ֮ʱֻҪǼһӣֹ˵ǰ
˵ǰ棬ڷһΡ
ϣһԵ÷ǳˡ
ɫƽɫ԰ףһģ
ҲûֻԼµأô껹𣿱˰ɣ
ѳΪľԷЩͦصҪǰӴɱݣץܰ˭˭ѵ㲻ô
ƽ˵ܰͱѺԺڷɻ֣
ߡЦˣʲôʸ˵ֻֻһˣ㲻ˣѵ;Ȳܰ
ɫȻƽ˵αأαҪɱɱأ
ͻȻŭˣҪ˵ĻǰһԸţҴԽᱻɱڵã㵹ˣѵҷ𣿡
ˣֻǲñ⡭һ£ͻףǽġܸı˵ݣȴı䲻˵顣
ٸףÿҲһ˳֣
ҲáҵˣҪȥʹʬȥ
Ӱαػôģ֪֪ңֻװ׶
ҵĲҵҵļҡ
˿ᶨ˵Ϊһ˵ףҲɱҴ֣ҾҪҴ籨𣡡
ȻԼҶЩС棬ҲһǳǿƵˡȻǷˣȴ͵ԽĪĹϵҪɱҲӦ
ֻû뵽ǣδ֣޼ɾͰν
죬Ҿҵ𣡡޼һСħʱһӿĽ
һҪƶķˣ޼ɵĽԵ÷ǳС
һûս޼ɵĽ£ɡ
Ȼ
ǳ˵ϡ
ָ֣ס޼ɵĽ
ž
ͻĴɢ
Ȼס޼ɵĹ
ҡҡͷ̾ССͣɱ֮أԺضһۡ䣬֪ж޼ɣĽӴһͨ˰ɡ
޼ɴ󾪣æ˺
㿵ˣ
ȻĴվشɻ
΢΢һЦͿˣֻǲǲҿսһһӶˡϧǷҪҡ
صţ㿵ΣҲδҶ֡
ǺǡҲû˵֡˭ʤ˭ʲôϵأֻһӦ¡˲ңҲˣ۸ǼңȻػ
ãһػһӣ㵥˭˭ˣҲΪ籨ˣʤˣҲǼˣڣ
޼ɣ
޼Ӧ壡
ݽȥˣ
Ҫ
㲻֣㸸׵ĳܰҪ
ȥ㲻ǰɣ
̹ϵ˵ҾҲ˰滹һļһȥҪġ
ô˵һȥˣݸߺһȳԺȥûвˣʲô˼
ʵݣ
ݵǡ
ãܺãȻһܶصˡǻԺĳɾͱضֻǿϧܻϣã㲻ұˣȴѶ㡣
㲻ңֻȭͷ˵Ѵ˹ȥᶨ˵
޼ɺһۣݿٽȥ
޼Զȫһ𣬶ʱһɫâð˳ȵɣսɣ


065 ҿȥ
ʱ
＾ķƤ⡣ҹķ˷θ
磬˽Ժӡ
ӭŷ磬ȴڷʵĴţ˿ܲ
΢ĵƹ⣬һһģ÷ķΧǳѹ֡
һŮӣŮ챻һ˿ţֲ֫ڵţƺѰϣ˿̰ţû˿˼
һģεߡһС˷ΣŮӵֻǰڲ輸ԣĬĬĺŲ衣
ŵƹĺûһ˿˯ǲͣĸԼʢŲ裬ֲͣĶš
ãվĿȥٴνʱѶһƺ
Ѳ輸ԵŲߣŮӣͣžơ
ŮӵɫĪĳһ˿ţŮ⸱ģƺв̣Ůе˿¡
ȾƸʲôе˿ѱÿŮӱ˵
ŮӵľȻžƣС㣬֪Ǹء
ܰʼ֫Ŀƣ÷ңүү͵ưոݵģһңǰϣҿ㣬ΪЧˣ
г˲ɣҶҰץˣ㻹ң
ܰһȻ˵£ôᣡֻҪڷңҾԲƽǰ¡
˵⻰ԼǶŰɡЦ
ܰŭȵЩ֪֮ڵҲԼҵĶˣ㻹ڸģʳ
ͷžƣƺľʣˣЦⶼ˵ġ֪ҵĺ̨˭𣿡
˭
˵ľǹɷŵһ󻤷꾳ڵĸ֣Ϊ˭ܾ㣿үүˣҲ򲻹Լϣȡʤ
꾳ڵĸ֣ܰɫȻ˵˵˵
Ųˡ
йɷŵĸΣֶθǿӶˣл꾳ĸҲ϶а취Ը
ӴЦҼǵǰܿСӰɣôôˣŮ˵ģƱ䰡
ܱ֮ǰܰһָоһҲ֪ԼΪʲôָооһĶǲ֪Ժ
ܰȵ㾿
ڳһֻ֣ܰĽץ˹ȥϷ쳱С㣬ôõˣôã㻹Ǻиأ죬ٷһΰɡ
ܰŲ
ôҵĶС㣬ֻãô
Ұץǵ˶Ҷң㶯һԣ
Цһս˵ʤ󣬵֪˭ʤ˭˴ѷ֣˭й۶ʲô֮ˣ˭ץסң
֪ܰ˳ͼҧֱɫ죡ҪǸһ£Ҿ׷ĺǣҲŹģ
ƺһ꣬漴ƺݺһӣһֻץסܰĽţЦģҲ㱨Ļġϰº󣬾ͻ˽Ȼ֮زز
̫޳ˣ
޳ܣôܳɴ£С㰡ԼҵʱҾˡֻȻңһֱһ߸ϵӣҵʹһᡣ죬
߳
˵䣬һܰȹ˺飬¶źСȡ
ʱˣܰСϸһߣܰĴȥ
ܰŽţϳĽȣϺݺҾ㣡ūţūţ
ž
֣ܰϺݺˢһƣŭūţúãҾǹūţ죬Ҿ͹ūŸ㿴
ԱϣͻȻԾܰĴܰǰ
Ҫʲôܰɫޱ䡣
Ц㲻˵ǹūҸպȶˣˣȥéһ㳢ζ
ܰû뵽Ȼ޳ܣϾ˵ˡ
˰ɣſЦ˵ǹū򣬻
Ҫȥܰˡ
Ȼʱѵӣ¶ǻ
ܰ˫һô󣬻ǵһμ˵⣬ʱѵ޲Ҹضȥ
ǣǰһһΣۿɼٶͼͦͬһҪ
ͦǻЦ㿴ѾȲˣҾ㣬㳢ζˣֱˬɣ
˵ţֽܰĳȹһƣҪȥܰѱ¶İɫ㡣
ʱûз֣ԭĲ輸Ѷˡ
ΧŲ輸ţԹԵ衣
ݵ磬ôʰȼˡ
ûаɣ޼ɱҺȵĻࡣ
޼һúȣܵ𣿡
ŬŬ죬ÿ챻ǿˣֻ˺Ȳ裬ܰ
޼ɵǸСݻᡣ
ʵү㲻ҪҺͶСɣ
޼ɵʲô⣿Ҳүү˼
ˡ
˵ң֮ʱڴϵܰһСæӣƴӡ
ڴߣһƽصϡȻûǻܵź
һ̵Ĳ裬˳õĿ£۵۴С
˺󣬳Ҳʧȥ˷ֵؿݵˣŵӶˡ
ûȥϣ⿪ܰϵִܰĴʱ˲㱻㣬Щ
ʲôܰҧгݵĴӴŭٿ飡
ݳʵ˵ûʲôֻǾȺô֡
㡭ܰʱӴݣһųȥżֱгԴʱԴײ輸£ͷѪ
̫ˣȥˡתܰС㣬ԭˣ㴦ɣǵ㡣
Ҫ˵ܰϢܵ輸ԣһ̵Ĳȫܵ˳¶ǻϣŭҽ˲𰡣ҷ㣡
˻˻˻
̵ĿˮϣЩȥ
޼ƫͷҲѧһܰҲȥˡ
ܰû꣬˦˳⣬ŭ𣿡
룡룬С㣬ҸղǺȶˣҰɣ˵ҪʲôҶʺҾǳʺԣĵ
ʺƨ㱾ǹʺô
ǶСҸʲô
ָܰų⣬ûȥղŲӲôͻȻˣڸӲҾ㣡
ݣ޼ɺͳͳ
⡭ҵĽеﶼСˣôӲ
㻹ǸˣղʱǺ𣿡ܰ˳ִӲ輸ϲݸղźȹĲ豭һˤץסһƬƬ͵ȥȻûˣҾ
ܰ˵־ͳ֣׼ʱʹ
ƫվԣܰѽҲȥˡ
ҹʱ
һŮôƬиһ˵ӣȫѪζ
˱Ůվţ̧ͷŴҵ¡
˾˶ǡ
Ϊ⻹ûн֪ȥһӣҲûзˡ
ˡ


066 ڤڶɴ
ˡܰݺм䴩ȥѪһɣһƬմȾѪĩĴƬڵϡ
ࡪһſˮҲĳһۣܰ˳ȥ
̫Ѫˡ˳ȥ
̫ˡȥǰ޼Ҳ̲ס˵һ䡣
ݣСݣľǶԵģŮ˾ԲȢ
С磬Ǹзִˡ
ݵļ޵Ǻġ
޼ɵСãֵ˵㻵
ܰһ仰˵ֻǳݵһۣȻ߻ӣڵѰƬĴƬ
æܹȥץס֣ܰЦүˣô˵㻵أĿУŮ񡭡
æͷǰСݾ˵ĺأ
ܰʵݣô˵ϲң
ݣҡ
ܰѵݣȥѰǴƬ
ϵȻϲСġ
ߣѵ㣡ܰƳһۣȥ
աظĵǿЦġ
ܰȥүүװɡ˻Щ˼Ҳ
ݣ
ݵļ򣬸ܰĲοΪ֮ɡ˵粻㣬Ұҵɱˣһǻڿ㣬С񡣡
޼ݵļ򣬸ܰĲοڰ˳ɡҲ᲻ģҰҵħˣҲһǻڿ㣬㻻ϴ

ʱѹ
û߶Զ˵ֻ뿪ܰѺǼӣͲòͣ½Ų
ǰһϮһ۵ˡģüĴһͷܳΡ
ˣ˶ܵ˳صѹ
ǻ꾳ĻܹܱͣԼѹжϳ·˵Ϊ硣
ݰɣ۹ⲻ΢ЦɷĪ£ڴ˵Ⱥʱ
ɷţȻйɷŵ󣡡·ǹɷŵĸˣԱܵվǰ棬ʱʹѿɱ񡱴ԾΧת
޼ҲħǰĿضĪ¡
ĪЦͶûɵСӣڳЩʲôãղ̫óֹɱ
ԱϣĪ³ǰһӣʱһ˰ĺɫݵӿȥ
䡪
˺޷Ʒɡ
㿴ֻҪһ֣ǵžȫˡĪЦ
æ֮ǰʧȡ֮ǼүȴСߣ
޼ʵҺܰߣ
ݵͷȳСҪ
ܰˣݣҲҪôģ
ݵöүүү֪СûˣսͲģ
޼ǵǡǲְ
Цˣһܴ漣ˡοҸ
Եǻ꾳ĸ֣˿ûη壬Ц߰ɣֵȡ
㣡޼
үҪ㣡ȥСǰɣСȳˣǵʿҲһЩ
ðɣ޼̾Ϣһ˵ͷһˣҲԥǣ֣ܰѸ뿪
ߣĪüͷ΢΢һһУʱһɫ޼ɷȥ
ʱ˻ҲĪͷųĻֱӳĪ´ȥ
սǿһȻΧκԡ
ͷųĻǼӳֹӡģһͷųʱҹһ˻ҪߵĵɫĪ³ȥ
Īǻ꾳ĸ֣̬ĻҲСУȫֵݵĽ
ͻȻ䣬ɽ֮óһͨɫĹݣڷϥǰʮָߣƮݵĵࡣ
ʱһɫӹĪǰ֯һĺɫ
ڻϣƺɫڰвţһʱûзֳʤ
ʱ޼ѴܰԶץסᣬʹѿʱɱ񡱳󸽴ŹĻͬķλĪ¹ȥ
Ī΢΢һ䣬۾˫ڹݱ棬Ĭ
ڡɱ񡱿ԼɲǼ䣬ͻȻ˫ڹϺݺһģʱһ׹ԨħɢһֹǰֵסͻȻĹ
ʱڰоݵɻҲ˴ɢ
ͷųܻЩ˶񣬿ŻӲͣĻָ
Īһӣʱɽ֮гһСӣڵϣȣݷϣƷǳš
΢ЦȻǳǿĻټӳӡɣѾȵǻˡҪ¶ܷѾϾǻͣûн꾳ͷųĻûԪϢҪսʤ꾳ĻͻпܡҪսʤĻ꾳ͣǲ
㣬ĪֳȥȻѧˡѿѵһ˲šѿȻˣջǷȱ򣬲ܷӳǺöѾǻˣԺĿܡң⽣Ҿˡ
ǿ񰡣Ц壬˫ȭգܷתܵĿռŤҴܡͻȻ䣬ǰ顱һ죬һҵһͿĻųĪ¼۶ȥ
ҵĻ֮УǱУͬŵļ롣
ѿѷ֮
ˣݼŲᱻĪµĻס
˫ػ
˫Ƹͷųһ˸ߵĳѷ֮Ī´ȥ
Īһݣ޳ʮָڹϵʱһ׽٣С
һ̣˶ȫݵ
ɷħ
ÿһĪµĹһĺɫЩٶȷǳ죬˲ݺΧһ
ݺУ䱻ʧȥ
⻹û꣬һǵصѹ£ݺʩǿҵѹľͷӦ½ʱЩѳһĿֻԴûħſڳݺԴҧȥ
ֵʤ䱻ħҧУûܵ˺ֻ·˳ߣһһʧ
ĪһߵӣһЦɷǻ֮һġɷħֵܹģǵ궼ιҵħɣ
Σݴһָϵĸأһ
ʱһ⳯Ī˳ȥⲢûֱӹĪ£ƵĪµ󣬱仯һͷߴһɶĺëܡ
ȥɣһܱ
ܴĪȥĪ´һæٶӣԾϰա
ʱܱ˿գûоʹ˰ݣſ죬һŨĻȼųĪ·ȥ
Ī˫ָ£üϵԣʱһһĺɫǻ
ʱܱȴһЦ
飡
ѣһȼŻӻͬһĪ¡
Ī¶ݣ޿ɱܣ˫۽棬һһԲεĺɫɢЩڻϣ׷ɢһЩ룬Īµ塣
ĪС
ۣѪԭƽɫЩ΢ŭȵ֪л꾳ȴû뵽ȻֶΣǳһ
ԶԶĪ£ȻҪɱҲǼ׵¡
̫Сˣ̫СɷˣΣҪȫԸϾͽ𣡡
Ī½ڵһѹ˴ֱϣɽһʱһƾɵĹŴС
Ī´һڤڶɴշǣ
䡪
ڤڶɴͣزţͻȻٱͷϵҹĻȫڵסһ̣һĹâܱȥת˲ͽս˴
û˿ĵֿ
Īؿڰеڤڶɴ΢΢һ䣬˫ƻӳһڤڶɴɨ˹ȥ
ڤڶɴֵķĹ


067 һƬںһꡣ
ڱڤڶɴսȥɲǼ䣬ԺֻһָоǾǿհһƬһƬհס·һ룬ֹͣ˼ֹͣת۾еĸоͻȻ֮ʧ
ָʱվһҴϡ
׼ȷ˵µ⻹㲻һҴֻ˵һ񷤡񷤳ɣһɣһ˴ϸɫľͷɡ
ͻȻתЩ̫ˣƶŽŲͻȻеһݣӶʱʧ⡣񷤱ԵһˮʪݵĽš
ݽЬˮʪ󣬶ʱоƿҪѸӣȻݵͷƤЩ飬ɴ˸
ʱź̧ͷǰ硣
û졣ԭ죬ȴһ㲻ͣڸסˡɫĶһɫЩڡݸоԼľ벻Զѹѹĳ˸оʮѹ֡
ܣããһƬɫ󣬾һͷˮǺڵģ峺ԼܿԶĺȥһɫð
ݺë̾һ硣
Сݣû°ɣڻܵʱҲڴ磬˶ݵ״ʶʵ
Լ壬ָһڲû£硣أ
Ҳû¡ʹѿɱ񡱳䣬ϿӦþĪƴڵĿռɣǱûˣҲĿƻĪ¾ʲô
ڤڶɴڵĿռ䡣ܱվǰˣںںڵһһңңǰããںڤڶɴԭͨڤĹߣ𻵣û֧ŰڶɴɹƬڤˡڵڤڶɴѹĻ
ָܱ麣档ܣݺڱɱҲ֪ôġ
ʵܱĪ°ǹؽѵɱǣ
ܱͷֻһ档ڤڶɴȻĪµĻôûԶܶɱǵֶΡ
䣡
ͷһףʱĴ¡ЩˮɫɫһģǺꡣɫˮһʪʱǸе̹ǡ¶Ⱥĺˮ¶һģǳ
ڷӿķϳһž޴ס
ģ߰Ī˭
Īµľ޴׸ǣǸ顣һһϣֱݵ顣
һЩʶ˵ûڤڶɴҾǵôǣôǡûзأǳģǲҽС
ǻ꾳Ϊһˮ£ˮܲˣܱһ仰ݵĸ֮Сͬʱݵľһ仰ȥæ
һĻЩŸ䣬Сݣƽʱסڽָģ
ݵͷ
õ˺ñĻԵ
ǺñûǵıҵģĪַһ
䣡
ˣһǷƮҡܼһʮɸߵĺˡÿһ˸ǹȻڱƷݺ͸оȫһˢˢһ飬̹ǵı̹ǵʹ
ҪĪʲôֶΣͺ˵ĥֵͳŲ˶á
ڱͬʱԺðһ뷨ǵȸ޸ˣѵսĿռȥǲҲĪΪΪˣ
Ȼ뷨ֻһΪһʮɸߵĺ
ͣش߶ɱתݺγһȦֿЩˡˮܶȺܴٶּ죬ѿ򣬸޷ˮȫ档
ЩӱȦ͸ˮλ˵ϣͬһ̽Ƥ⡣
ҽ꾳ѿһΣҪסЩˮҲδؾͲԣֻǿϧȻ꾳ôһ̾Ϣ
źʱĪֿ˵ôоܲܰɣͶǣҵڤڶɴȫûеֿЩˮܰǵһһեɣٰǵһһڻǴ򿪽ЩϾͽȫʬ
ҿֵ˲ţ͸һ·
ӭſ籩꣬ȵϸǻ·ôģʲôҪֱ˵
ֵֻܻһ˭ѶԷɱˣҾͷ˭ȥҿΪͽ
ΪͽܣµǸͽܣʵ
ѯʣĪΪ⣬˵ûֵ츳ҶܿáֻѴӦҪǣûɱҲԲ˼ҡԣһһɡ
ݴЦ
ЦʲôĪʵ
ָ̧죬ָָĪ˵һ꾳Ļͣǵʦ
ȻӴһһٵ˵㣡񣡡
Īû뵽ݾȻ˵ôһЩ߳ŭʱ׹ȵôĿܶһӶ޷꾳Ȼ꾳ĻͶ𣿡
ݸȻͶǡҲ֪оֻǻ֮·ĵһ׶Σû굤Ļͣڻ͵ʲôһ꾳ĻͣҲֻЩСǰˣˣˡ˵ʵǿڤڶɴ㻹潵סȷʵǿ㣡
Ī¾޴׸ֳһ˿Ц뼤ңΪһᱻЩӰ쵽Ҳ̫СˡߣܵȻԸ⣬δغһʮˣǰ;ѵÿϧ
ɱܵܣΪͽɷţɱԼҪǿϰٱ
ĬûзҲûиĪκδ𸴡
Ī¾ϣʱͻȻֳһָɱʱȻֹͣڰУȻһĳ׷ȥ
ûĪµУϴ̳󶴡
ѾĪµףֻõͶӰıûκӰ졣
ĪŭˣȻǶʶôǾͱĺˣ
䣡
ס
׹󣬺˷һΣֻǺ˳񷤸ǹȥź˵ļһɺɵӺԾźɫ۾һ죬צĳϵֵȥ
Сݣվ󣡡ٻɱ񣬼߶ѿЩԿ
ҲʹӰƣϰٵɫӰЩԿ
ԴԴϵӺϱĳ¸ֵͣĴǳΣաڻǿ֧ŵס˵ͻĵķǳһͻˣǾͻᱻȺӵ˵֪ᱻ˺ҧɶٿ顣
Ǵ߶ѿĵĸҡʱǾ͸֧ȣ㱣סҲɰ׳ա
ĪĸݣֵİܾѶʱܣʵƺֻʱˡ


068 ƺ
ݱĪڤڶɴͬʱҵطҲĲɿͭսսǣսÿսиߵʤսľʷ׳ʡ
Ϊʵģ˫ļ֮սԳɳǶսӰ
ԳɳϮһ׽ߵĴۣ´˿Ʋģͷ׹ڣ޽Ǵķǳ˳ƮݡԶԶȥ棬ֻ棬Ϊһˡ
ӰһڵװױߵӣӡһɫƣһɫӣںɫĴ䵹ǷԸڼһ⣬ĴŶǳעǡ
ѽʮغϣݶǸݶִڡԳɳվԺһլӵݶϣңңվڶݶϵӰ
˽µլңңԣмһƬͥԺͥԺлһɽ
ϵģȥˣ㻹ûʲôԳɳʳָָס޽ǵĳָ˳ŷңԴһ˦
Ӱ˫Ȼ£ĳ죬ԳɳǵĹâͺģ㲻Ҳһ꾳۷û꾳קʲô
Գɳ˵꾳ֻһ֮ˣʱпͻơ
Ӱм˵꾳۷ڵĻͣһ꾳ֻһ֮ⲻ˵ϻ𣿡
Գɳ̾˿ÿ׳հĿⶢӰҡͷմ˵ࡣ
£û㶷죡ŮɷŵĻţ˭ܾȵ
ɷŵĻԳɳǵǳһ
ӰЦ˰ɣģ
֮ǰҲԳɳǺһŭĿԲɣ˫־˶һ˫ִ
˫Ʋͣزţϸ΢ȴ˾޴ĶĻɫΧתΪĹһɫ硣Ƭ裬֮Уɷ飬һƻǵԪϢ
Գɳ࣬˫ǰӡһǹĻŴ˫Ƽ䲻ͣıȥ
˫ƲͣĽӡЩǵԪϢİл㼯ͷ۳һ޴İơȫԪɣ߶ʮɣͨɫԶԶȥһɵĴơ
أϣԵ
Ӱо֮ɫԼΨһǻƣͺģս˰ãǾҲһҵǻɣ

Ӱͷ˫־죬ʱĻڶ˫Ͼۼֱ֣оۼĻ۳һ£ɼ򵽷ıãһ˸ߵַ֮ؿڣоۼĻһֺգսһ֧֮
Ӱٹҡ
ֶʱһɣ֮Ҷڼ۷Գɳǵһɲǣ֮ΪһŻ֮Ϊһ壬һ֧½ڵԳɳǼ۶ȥ
ʱԳɳ˫ǰһƣǾ޴ԪذҲӰȥ
ƺͥԺϿײһ
飡
ƺΪ飬Ƭ裬쫷ԳɳǺӰȥ
ӰڨЦ˭ҲԸ˭
ߣЦҽǺĻҲܺ㡣ԳɳһЦӻͳһ굤ȥ
Ӱм˵ƾԼöײƵĶǻ굤㹻֧㲻ͣʹƣ
ԳɳǰѾ̽Ļ굤óŵıߣǻ굤㿴ǻ굤ǸƷʵġ
Ӱͷˣϸǻ굤ȥǻ굤
ԳɳǴӣЦƭ㲻ɣ˵ţִӻͳĻ굤ǶడԶԲ꣬ơ
Ȼ֪Щǻ굤ǴģҸ㡣ͺģҪսʤң췽ҹ̷ܣ
ޣôţ
ߡӰҲӻͳһ裬ⵤͻ굤ͬҪȻ굤ܶ࣬ͨɫӰһóȻڿȼ
Ӱһ̽ϵı鼸ŤŵЦ֪ʲô𣿡
Գɳʵʲô
Ӱ˵ǹɷŵĻ͸ҵġ絤ҷϾܽ꾳Ϊ㻹ҵĶ֣
Գɳɫһ䣬ֵ֪衣һרΪÿ۷ڵĻƵĵҩ֡絤ÿɲǼһ硣ֻǶݵģݵĻһǳ壬ȴǾʱĺö
־絤ǳѵãֻҪǳߵĵͲƳÿһ絤ϻһöǻ
Ī¾Ȼֵҩ͸Ӱǳ
絤¶ǺӰȫͻȻһֵ죬ʱһð
ʼǻɫ𽥵ľͱɫȻǺɫ
ӰȻöҩԼĻǿм˻ԪϢԼľ絽꾳
ӰֺעԳɳǣЦͺģڣ
˵ţ֮֮һʹ
Գɳǲʾʹơ
˵ǻٴײһ
飡
һΣֱӴ͸ƣƻɷĩȻԳɳ˹ȥ
ԳɳǾһУݶˤȥ
޿κΣϾǻ꾳꾳ƣ޷Ӧԡ
Ѿˣ㲻ҲˡԳɳǣվǰҵϡӰƷһԾԳɳڵݶϣݶȥ
ãһʱɫޱ䡣
Գɳû
ûΧһźɫ
Щɫɻɣ
ӰѵҲо絤ô
Գɳ̧ͷǳЦı·ɲǼ˼ʮ꣬ЦӰӰҿʼ˵ˣ꾳ֻһ֮ʱпͻơȴû뵽Ȼ־ʱͻΪǲ
Գɳǻ֮꣬ͻΪ꾳ˡɱˣҰװ׳ʮֿңʮ갡
Գɳ̧֣жʱһӰȥ
Ӱæ˺ֻԭݶϡ
ԳɳԾݶʱѾȫˣӴࡣ
ӰЦǿҩʱ˻꾳Ҫþͻ˻صԭΪңѾĽ˻꾳㻹ƾʲôҶ
ϵģ첻ҵڣڣаɣ
ƣ
ͬƣԳɳһεȴ췭ظı仯
һԪɵİ࣬һԪɵİҲ࣬ԣߴʮɣǰԳɳǵӰԵ쳣С
ǣȴʹһԹԵţİš
Գɳһ£һһƳӰȥ
Ӱ޿ɱܣƻɡ


069 һɱǹ
ǷǳԵĻܸľܡԳɳֻ꾳ʱֻͷųһԪɵİƣһ꾳ܶͷųһɻԪɵİˡԴƣ꾳ͷųľˮƣǿɾ൱׺ˣǻ
⻹㲻ʲô
Ҫͣߵ굤Ϊ굤ǿߡʱͷųƾкһһΪ壬ֻΪһһֻءʱƣǻˡ
˵ԼΨһǻʵھСϣѾĻˡ
ԳɳǰһȻӰݶҿ϶ӰûС
ϾӰҲһ꾳۷ڵĸ֡꾳Ļͣѱ죬Ǻǿġ
ȻԳɳԤ϶ˡӰûԾݶվó޵ĿԳɳǡ
ֻ·Ѿ˺һƬµĲ϶˺ƣ¶һشƤëģǳǱ
Գɳǰͦص˵ɣٳһƣԻˡ
ӰͷͣشϢţͻȻЦ
ԳɳǣΪ˻꾳ܴô
Գɳǵʵڿ㻹ʲôսʤҡ
㿴ĶˣӰ˵ҼҰӱǹɷųϵͽܣڹɷŷǳأҴ򣬾Ǻ͹ɷԣΪɷûǺôô
˵ţӰִӻͳһŵҩŵҩ֮ǰǿž絤Ҫӭ¹⣬һ⡣
ǣԳɳһʱûϳ
ӰǡħٵֻҪҵʵ˲ʮʮ֪ʮʲô𣿾ֻҪҶ㶯֣ضûУ
Գɳ˫͵һһĶˡ
Ȼϵáħٵģȴ֪ҩʲô
ħٵһ˲ʮʵȴҪԼʮΪۡ
ֵҩѵãϡ٣Ҳ˻á
ʮȡݵʮʵͷ˷ɱɵĳˣû˻ʹá
ȻڣӰˣ
ԳɳĿţǿſħٵȥ
һ̣Ӱȫļ͵ͬʱһⱬƣͬűһ㣬ըġžžֱ졣
˫͹𣬶ͷðһĺɫתȼգͬеˮһ㡣
Ȼ棬ֱͬǱߣ
ãħٵҩЧ̫ǿǵֵסԳɳǰһɲԼò׽˻꾳ͱӰôɱˡ
ʵˣֵסӰӰٷ𹥻ֻķݡ
ɫֻ΢΢һ֮Ͼͻָƽ
ͷ·жԸӰİ취
Ӱȴݲ룬ҩЧ֮֮һԳɳȥ
һʱһʱε֮ǰȫͬն
˵Ӱʱʹǻ޷֮⡣
һĻԳɳ̾Ϣվס˰
΢΢̧ͷĿϬӰͻȻ֣һʱӰһ⡣
ǻƹ⣬ǽ⣡
һԳɳ֮жʱһһɳĽǹ
ǹһ֣ԳɳĻʱӿȥ·һȺʳޣ˱ԳɳڵĻ
ԳɳǹͻȻ䡣ıһ
ףףףԼ˻ᱻһҰ֮˸ܣ
㳢һʲôڵĻҲȴ
Գɳ˫ǹһǹǰǹȻ͵һǹӰȥ
һ̣رɫԭʱҹնʱҫͨ
ѽ꾳ɫѴӻɫΪɫܻǽɫ
ƫƫͷųĻǽɫ
Ҳ֪ͷųģǴӽǹðģ
໣
䣬һƱ仯
ǹԳɳִǹӰһɲǣһɫǹצĳӰȥ
ԾգΪ
·Գɳ˵ףһؾǰߺڰ
ɱǹ
໡
ԾգӭӰͷųȥη壬˿
ӰǾĿ£ſ죬һڰȥȴֱײӰµݶ
飡
ӰµݶƷ˱һȥ̽󣬴ڿһȻͨԱ
žžžžžž
һıɫڰлΪУʣµֻһƮǹ⡣
Ӱͬһ̯Ӱ£ͥԺļɽϣɽɽײ飬ֵڼɽµĲݵϡ
Գɳǳʤ׷ԾͥԺ첽ܵӰߣǹһӣǹָӰĲӡֻҪһǹͱӰĺ
ӰˣȫǱըõ˿ڣĻѳʧȥˡ˵ԳɳǹǶһ٣ڵӰѾ׵ʧȥսˡ
ԳɳǲòСϾӰó˾絤ó˿ħٵ˭֪᲻ỹʲôɱﵣɷŻʲôô
ȣȿȡӰȳںڵѪԻԳɳǡ
ԳɳǸӰ˽ֲֽʤߵĽһĽ
Ϊֽ͸һɸ߹
֪кܶɻңҸղŵǹʲôԲԣ
ðɣҸ㡣ϵģʶʮ꣬ҽҲסҲ֪
ӰؿԳɳǣڴԼҪĴ𰸡
ԳɳһҸղʹǹɱǹ
Ӱ˫һü˵ɱǹǻҵĻѵǡ
ûǻˡԼھһǻҵס
ңǿʵ۾̫׵ܵܡ
ɱǹ洫ġԼҶɱǹͱںϣΪ˱˶Ļʼһ
Ӱ૵û뵽û뵽û뵽Ȼǻ׹ݡȻˣΪβúүֺαھ򣿡
Գɳϸֳӵı飬˲ʺڳϻ졣Һǻʵ۸ֲͣԼˣԳһҡʲôƨүҲȤ
ӰϸֳһȻı飬ܽܣҲĿˡڻʼڻһУ
㻹вʰɣϵģʵһʼʹˡҲǻҵףҲܺԵ˶ԾͳݣʢԵģմȾˡٵģԽԽ󣻾̵ģ׬ǮԽԽࣻģҲҪ졣˵ƾʲôԵĶ
Գɳǵɴ۾˵Լھ֧ԭңӣһֵܣҷΪʤڽ¡ƾһ㣬˵֧֣һССҸͲֵһᡣ
ԣ˵ûӰڲݵϣССôùҡϾˣҲû֪ݡңǺ͹ɷŽӣӴԺɷžͻΪСѵΪǵɷŵˣʱ򣬾˵ǻҵףɷŵҲš
ͺģ㲻ҶġӰ˵
ԳɳһЦ뼱Ҫȥ㣿㻹û˵⻰ʸ񡣱ˮڣɷǣԼҲη壡Ȼȥ͢ԼүݣԼǵλ߶ǵλ΢䣡
Լ˵ķǣԼ˵ȣ
ԳɳǳǹһϵģôĽ飬Ҳڽ˽ˡ˵ɣʲôԣΪļˡ
Ӱҡҡͷ̾ҵԣ֪ǱҽģǱĲԩǺȻ㲻Ҫ󡣡
Գɳǵȷᡣ˵𣿡
ӰݰɣֵܣԼסġ
Цʱˣ㻹䡣
ҪΪǾɡ䣬ƼʻǳˮΡǳһƱ仯ݣǷƣǽ룬ջ仯ΪԼҵĹâȥ
ӰЦţšţšǰ˵ĻֵܣǳϣճҲûסǡ
ԳɳǹЦлĿ佱ֵܶԼҵˡǺãҲԼҵĸ
ԳɳǲΪӰԵõ΢΢һЦȻ۾
ˣͺģ߰ɣ
ԳɳǺˬӰҪһǹ̴ĺ
ҹɫŨ
ѪɫŨ


070 ϴһΪ
ϵɫڵ籩ĳˢ²ͣطͬһˮ˸ֽͭݵĻ̡磬ˣںϷڣȺӵŰССһƬƯںϵҶƮҡС
һž޴֮Уͬ㸩СС񷤣ĮϷʵĿ⸩ϵֵ
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һǰһںֵ֧š
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СͷԾһڶʱ絶罣˺ĩÿһնɱữΪָСһźȻա
С޵ڤڶɴǸñⱦˮԣˮﻹдǰڶɴڸռУԴԴϵظṩϣ޸кܴã⣬ڶɴȻǰˮԣȴ̺˸ŨȵԪغˮԪأֱǿһЩɵĶ츣ءǱһĶ츣ػҪã꾳ˮ꾳ʱڣõıչ֮أһȡԪغˮԪأƷ鵤ˮ鵤Сݸ磬һҪõ֣꾳ˮ꾳ʱͲûҩˣ
˯ͷǶҪ꾳ˣûиƷʵԪϢȡֱǵģС˷ܵĽ⡣


071 ᣬճɻͣ
û뵽ڤڶɴȺôʱƣҲûж˷ܡ
ʱĪ¾װ𣺡ʲôȻǿȡڶɴ֮ҿ
ܸߣСվֻƽӣܿĪѾŤ
С˵һССĻ꾳ͣô֪ɹĸڤڶɴǸ⣬ϧôһСɫǾǸҼˣ
ֻúôĿҿζҵڤڶɴĪŭ
û˵ܶԸ㡣ı£㻹˺𣿡СڴȥСݸ磬磬ԪϢǳŨܣϿʼ꾳̣صĪ¡ָȡԪϢȻǿйǵĻ֮УֻҪеͣûӽԪϢȴԼԵĻǾͳɹˣ
꾳Ѿܽˣֻһ֮Ҹղžְ취ͻƵģҲУһЩǶ꾳ˣĪµڣ
⣬ĪµȻᱻСļԾסҶϵСʱڤڶɴռˣҲʹֶζԸС
СȴĪ£Ƕ籩꣬һȺаȻ
Ī¶Űûκ𻵣ʱĪµһ׹⡣
ڤڶɴ⣬Ī»һ𣬿Ѫֵڰڶɴ˺Ī£ȴԡ
Ī¾͵شٴҹĻµڤڶɴͷųĻѹ
ڣѾָݱĿ꾳̡
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Ȼʽÿ˶ʹõģΪҪǳ̵ǱȡŨԪϢ
棬ֻЩӵж츣صߣ
ڣڤڶɴ֮УݺĶ츣أ
ˣǳӵж츣أİȡԪϢЩԪϢһΣʡԱֵսȥԪϢǸƷʵģһΪģ
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ѵӦǾԼһʣֵռıˣһЩϵˣ
ˣҲֲֵܣΪǴ߶ˣҲǵĴΪϵˣǶȡԼҵġ
˶ʼɹ֪䣬ôһѸˡ
ȻЩش˻ʼҴ컯飬Ŀǰܹĵõġ
ڵҪģǰСָͣ꾳
ٳ
һΪ͵꣬ΪԼĳ̣
Сݣ͡
ֻһͳˣ
ӴԺһˣ

Զھǧ֮⣬һĴУʱʱ֣ȻƻͨϻַǷҹջ
Ĵһǳĸۡۡ˸߶⣬ݻ̶ȺԱ߲ԶĻʹҲѷɫ١
˵Ϊ񾩡ĴĽǻʹĻǻʹԵۡԿΪ񾩳ǵڶ
ۡŵϣһɫңдĸȵĽɫ֡

дһɫС֣̫⡣
ңȻǾ̫ģǿңټǱ֣κаﲻ
˵ҶһЩԼҵˣҲûɵġ
еʱ򣬶Ǳġ
ġ
λ˳ͷкܶξƷΡǵ۹ڸ׸̫̫ڵѧʿ飬󽫾
ڸ׸Ĺ죬۹ϳ˻ʵ۵ĵһˡ
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飬ƹйԱͷ֮ףԱΪ١
󽫾
еһʣԱǷܶһĿꡣ
һˣסһլӣ۹ûκκ顣
·һжȻġ
ʱȴ￴顣
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ֻ˫۾޷תĿ⣬ȥٹ۲ط
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һŶ룬Сߵǰҹ¡ͷ׷Щ΢աһ׷ձˣȴԵȣвϵȴûвϵʡ·ֻҪѱͦڰȡ׵
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ˣȴϵܣҲΪΡ
λͿҲ񾩳мΪͿ
˵ͿҲǸһǾ̫ĶµһԱ󽫣;̫滹ϧţʤûɱ̫һȰ齵ӴˣͳΪˣ澸̫ɽ۹󣬳͢ʹͣҲָūݣ˹١ȻˣȴûиıԼȻңΪһ
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Ϳ΢΢һЦô࣬Ƕᣬûˡ˶᲻үˣֻԼ˲ܹߡ
˼һú󣬲ŵ˵ͷ
һأѵ
Ȼ䣬µæ飬򿪡
໡
ʱһɫҳϷ裬裬ڷҴһֻصУΪ˺֮ǰһģһ֡
ɫԽˣͿĶͷҲ˺
ŭŴ⣬ͷߣҵ˵õĪĺôпΪͻˡǳһƱ仯Ǵ֮ҵǽ룡
͵̧ͷעͿͿҪ

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Сݸ磬磬ʱˣС˶˷ܵ˵ɱĪ£ڤڶɴڣ


072 ɱ·
СĴ߶£ϼתۼͶֱĳǲɫײĪ¾޴˲䱻ɢͬʱһĹҲ֪󣬻Ī·ŭ
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Īµģƣǻһ˿ѾɺԵѪߡӦԼڰڶɴеڱĳжϣΪֻԹͷŭСһۡ
аţȻаšĪ³ȥӰ˵аţ߾裬һˡ㲻һæһֻӵػĺӡ
ͦأͷ꾳ѱ죬֮ǰʧȥĻˣĪ¶ԱҪԵþٱ
֪Ѿ̫ˡ
Ī°˰ͷ˵ˣΪɱôҪѹסڤڶɴͺӾͰﲻǣƾСɱңҴڤڶɴ͵ȴպȡ
ߡǰһĪһۣɭɭ˵Ҫ˵̫ڤڶɴǿԲҪ£
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ɫֻǱ󣬵ֺֹǿһ
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Լ˫֣ϻŻζ˵ʲôȴһ仰Ҳ˵ԭΪɱ˺Լʲôرĸоȴû뵽ԼȻһоûС
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Īµʬ壬˵ҵĸоǣɱһһɱһһֻҪһϣֻҪΪߵĻͣҾͻһֱɱˣһֱɱˣֱɱұɱ
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עݣ˵ܡ͵㲻ɱˣ˾ɱ㣬Ψһİ취ɱֹɱΪκһΪĻ̤ͣ͵ʬȥġ
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Сݸ磬߻ħڤڶɴȷ븡УսȥһˣЩʽӹڤڶɴ⣬о֮·ͳɹһ롣ԺлԵ޸ڤڶɴǻͨͨ˽ڤ֮ش󡣡
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ܱ߹һۣоҲһ˿η壬͵ľǿĶ츳ӵǿľһž룬˸ڵľ˸ﵽ굤ˣǳоĻһۣ˶Ҫ߻ħǳ徳Ŀһۣ˱ض߿ѪУ
΢΢һЦԭһ츳⵹Ҳ֪¡ֲѿԼ˶޷ɣȴɡ
ֵܱ˸磬Ѿǻˣ֮ǰ˲١Ļ߱йܡճҲ굤ܲСҾھͿˣһԣ
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ˬ̫ˬˣû뵽Ȼôʵַе룡
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ʵܱҪʲôʱܷУ
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񾳽磿ݶ粻̫˽⡣
šܱͷʵ굤ˣһԾһߣһСᣬȴܳС뻯񾳵񾳺ҹշУȴܡ񾳺ںϣ۰ҹ嶼շУͬˡ
ˡܱһ˵ݶʵڴˡ
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䣬ǰͣ£ɱ䣬ڿյ棬ĪµʬȥЦǿĪɽЩʲôñ


073 Ȱ
Īµɽֻһǻ꾳ͨҰķʽȥܰɽϱڸݻ١
һ̣ɽĶȫ˳
һƿӣƿӣƿӡ˸ƿӡ
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ЩʧЦһﻹĻǱݱݻˣɽﾹȻûıˡ
Сݼ˵ҲػģʵõڤڶɴѾĺôˡ
СЩƿﶼЩʲô
ţСQȥ˸ƿ򿪣ţƿƷǻ굤ƿƷǻ굤ƿƷ鵤һƿƷ鵤ЩһƿƷ鵤Щֵڻ꾳˵ǺܲĶƣһʮ
ܱƿ鵤գգ͡
ݲ׽ܱɫƿƷ鵤ӸЩȥáִƷ鵤ƿﵹʮٸʮʣµĶʮš
лܱ˷ܵĽӹƿӣսˣʱҪңһȥˡ
ɡ֣ܱʱ븡С
ݳƿ굤һۣ磬Щ굤Űɡ
ЦЦȡһƿǻ굤뻳УҾҪһƿˡǻ굤Եˣǻ굤ǲˡ
ݵȥ͸С㰡
ݵļ磬δɩӣ͸ȥϵ
Ǹܵݵͷ
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ԳɳǻɱӰ㼱æȥսϰæһЩԭƻսֵսȡʤ
һСս£ۼԺ
ӰǺˣӱˣ˻ˡԼѳռϷ磬ʤֻӱȻԼ翹ֿ
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ǣͺѪг롣
ʱѾϵֵܶˣ޼ɺܰ϶һϲ
޼æʵĪأ
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ԳɳæܹЦ꾳꾳սн꾳ֵսгΪͣԼֶˣǣЦţҪԼңң
˶ͷӰˣĪˣֳΪ˻ͣûзΪʤĻᣬǳˡ
ע˸߲ҵԳɳǣĵ˵үү꾳ˣ
ţԳɳԺͦأЦ⻹öл鵤
ݴӸóʮƷ鵤ݸԳɳǣʮ鵤͸үүɣ
Գɳ۾һӹ鵤ϲ˵ǡƷ鵤˯ͷСݣŪģ
ݵĪѹγġ
Գɳۺ룬ǻ꾳ͣл鵤Ҳġֻ벻ȴ˼¡ãСݣүүллˣ鵤үүҪͲˣ
֪ݺΪֵͣõƷ鵤ԳɳǵΪӶ˳ȥ溰ǣǰܾѶͶɣ
ǺԵֵܽǶţڿս֮ǰȰ븸ʱȴһ̬¶ᶨ顣ԵĽţյ˵ͷ
Գɳǣԭ֧ͶġɱҸףѪϴֳѲѵΪһͶͶˣ뿪ôԵҸףôԵΪҶսˣ
Ǽᶨصͷȵսɣ»һϣҲҪΪױҲҪң
˵Ĳ¸ߺȵͶǣͬ
ԣͶͶǺҹ
ԳɳǶȰʱ޼˵һߣС޼ɣȥ¡
޼ʵʲô£
ɱˡȥԺɱˡ
ʲô޼ɴһһۣȥԺɱˣЩŮ˺ӣбҪ𣿡
ȻбҪұӻ᳤󣬳˻ᱨģҪΪһ޸֮Ů˾Ͳܸɳ˵ͺҲѾȥԺˣԺв֪˶徳ĸڱҼˣЩ˲նɱǸԼ»
⡭޼ԥ⻹ǲװɣ
޼ɣҿˡҪɴ£;ԲĴ˵ǸԼº󻼣պŻڵ³պԼҵ³ĴǶԼļ˲𣡡
Լ˵ԼԼ˲޼ɵʱüһŨܵɱ⡣
޼ɱģԵǶԼпᣬ¾ɣ
ãҸȥ޼ڴӦ
²˳٣ߣ
͵͵ҹɫ֮УԺȥ
ԺԳɳȻںǵ˽̸
ǣҵˣ¶ҪԴΪءڸż翹ǵĺӺ˵ЦΪƴսܸıʲô˵ڶˣǴʱȫʤ֮ʱҲܻҵĶ֡ҪǶ֣һ˾ܽȫɱ
ҲˣǵûУƴףҾѪϴ¼Ȯ
ͺѾȥԺ˰ɣҲиʱ䣬ɱȥΪǻܵõ
ԳɳǵĿţǺֵҧгݣȴΪԳɳǵĻ˵Ŀϡȷ˲ҪЩ޹أ
һ׵ԼҵˣȴֲľͶ衣
⽩ֲµʱһӰҶ˳
һϮȹŮͷСͷͷϻϵһ使޵ĻֻɫմȾںڵѪ仨ԵЩ
ͬǶ仨һʹ
壬˵һ𣿡ǵ˵һȻתԼȥ
Գɳǣȴݣݣɻǵң
ˣôǡݼĵһŮ˵ĳ壬ˡ
Ҳ߳飬ԳɳǲվȻǵã
ɬһЦͣ½Ųһ⣬ܶ˵ʵ𣿡
˵ʰɣҾ˵ѡ
ӭݵĿ⣬һ仰Ĵ˵ϲҲˣ㲻Լˣңѡһ𣿡


074 
ǸεεŮӣԸˬʡҡʱ˵ᣬᣬ˭óﱥŽڴ
󾸵۹뺷ȫ䣬ܶ˼ҵŮҲǾͨ׳۳ɳԸŮӣӱҲ㲻ʲôѡʱףȴ벻
üͷں溰
תͷ˵꣬𣿡ҲǴӦתͷעݣӦ˵ѣشѽ
⡭ЩΣ΢΢ͷ˼һᣬҾǶ̫Сˡ
ݣӴҪֱӻشңҲҵˣ㲻Լҵˣһ𣿡
˵ֲһ䣺ˬһ𣿡
죬ðɣ˵ʵһֻûŮ鳤£Ҳ֪ԼϲʲôġȻûҲ֪ϲһҪоġźҶ㡭ûָо
ˡŬŬ죬ϸֳκ˿˶ЦЦɬˡͷûиоҲǸͲϲҡҲˣ㲻ԼˣҲߵһΪʲôΪʲôƫƫѡ㡭
ӱ廰˵ˣǴġ
ͻȻһССﱬŭܻʦҲܻһж⣬׽Ūң
ݺɵͿˣôֳȥˣ
ֻݺͿˣ˼֪ˣ˶ͿˡҲû˭ֹ˵ʹ˵
ݣסϵĽʦǰҵġʦʱĳԵΪĻˣһΪѰˡֻл˺ͱ϶˲ܽγʦź󣬻˵ݾҵϡʦ˵ˣǾ͵ĻԵҰԼҲҪ޸ʦҶɽͬ죬ֽ˻ʹһӶҪѰΪĿġȴû뵽Ȼôҵ㡭
ָԼıӣ˵ˣ
ݵֿһۣϷԺ㲻ǰγ𣿡
ǰѽװγ
Цȥ
ݽסѽǵԣ˭ܰγ
ݻܣŰɵĽݸ
ӹסʣץסһ
޷Ӧ
Щ˼£Ǻ޷Ӧ
ҡҡͷ
ͭľȱ飬жΡ
ֻǵͨ죬۾ͭţҲ޷γ
ͭҲҡҡͷٵһ̾
ʵǿģһ԰ɣӸԳɳǡ
Ӷ޷ǿԳɳɣҲЩʹ
ӹûϿΣǶ˶źݺһΡ
ͽʷ·𱾾һ壬޶
ԳɳҲٰεڶˣӻظݣСݣҲ⽣û취
ɵĽӹûϴͺɵİγϣ˵ͬʱ˫ֱνĶһ仰δ˵꣬ͱγˡ
˿ĿɿڴǳŰνԳɳǸӣϵľ֮ɫŨء
Ǹݴ󣬾ݸߣҲŨ񣬵ôβĽȴݺİγˡ
ЦҪγĲΪֻˣܰγݣˣ
ԳɳʵŶôأ
ҡҡͷҾͲ֪ˡԭҲΪ˻һ׷ԲԵͷҲһˣôҲû뵽Ȼݡһǻ˵ʦĴˣ˵ĴˡֻŻ϶
ɣΪѣܲΪһѽǾǿıһɣ
˵⡣
ȭͷȰ˵Ūˣ˸׽Ūˡһ˿־춷һ˲һҵŸոտʼֺαرǶһţǣ
ҡҡͷͲ֪縺ʹҲ֪ʦжôڴ
Ҳա̾ϢͲϲңҲȰ㡣˵һԵɣҲҪӦʲôֻǲ˵ˣԶҲ֪ܡ
ζȫʵû뵽İⱳȻһι¡
ҾȻˣ
ǲײˣ
ˣ²˵ˣݣһ¡
˵
Եϣұ֤ͶˣĻĹҵùãĻĹ𣿡
Ǵ˵ʲô˵ҪͶ
ݣشҡ
ݳԳɳȥԳɳǶ˵ͷ
ݵүү˵ˣԡ
ͻȻתǹ£ŮҲ̰Ҳһ㶼ҺҶȥùҶȥ¸ҶȥڲͶȫҾڽҹûˣǲԲүү
ҪϣûϣŻʲô壡
з⣬˵ϲҪǲҪġָ֣ȥŵǿԼϣǿѪսףȫսҲǸүүҡأЩĹأЩүүأˣǵļô죿еһʮڶңѳΪյˣѪƴǵļͥҲ˶үүѾȥˣҪô˾𣿡
֪ǶԸ⣬ΪǶĵˣһүүΪ˵ˡΪˣүүһȥ𣿵լʺ񣬶ҲǸĵˣѵ𣿡
ǺһۣĬĬˣĬĬĶͷЩŮ˿ʼĨᡣ
Ļ˵Ŀȥˡ֮ʣΪ˾ңΪ˱˿ѪͷʱĻȥ
ǷĵԸ⣿
ܣǶмͥˣиĸˣŮˡҪΪӰңҹǲܵ£
Ҳ֮ʴڵĶ˲䣬Ľ¡
ҵʼ߽ˡ
ҲŮ˵ˣ̾ϢһŮһЩߵŮߣŮҶˣ˵û޷ǲܸ
ԳɳȥͶˣԼĿϷŹǣ
⻰ȻѯԳɳǡ
Գɳ˫ָͷֻҪ뿪򣬲еغͲҵͨϵʽתԼңǾ;ԻŹǣ
ǰҲɱˣæүү˵Ļģ
ߣǿɲġǵԳɳһۣ˵ɱˣ˾ҡβѰˣսֻˡҿͶӦһ
Գɳǵ˵
ǲָЩĿƵˣɱңҪҵķ˺ͺӣЩֱϵˣ
߳Ƶ˵Ҳ£ҲɱˣҸ׾ˣҵķ˺ͺӣ֮ˣ
ҲǣһҲ߳
үүС㣡ͻȻһˡе˶Լͬ˫ϥ£˿ͷ˶
Ըҹ
ŭȵڻҵˣԱҵģҶǵһ뿪ңӴ˺úûȥ
Ɐ׳һĻССЩ̵ƫͷԳɳ˹ȥүү㷢ȱҪɱǺ˭ҲҪɱȻɱңѾˣҲѾȥˣ˰ɣ
ֻҪǶ뿪򣬽ҵĵ̣Ͱȫ˺𣿡


075 Ѫϴ
ԳɳǰݵԴЦұû˵ҪɱǰֻҪǿͶҸҪɱǣ
ݴϲæȰȰֻҪͶͣսүү˭Ҳɱùöܻţ
ҡǵ壬㲻ҪôִòáѵŮ㻹ǵӱ硭
İɣһ仰û˵꣬ӱҲ˹Ȱס
ص̾˿۾ҡҡͷĬú󣬲ͻȻʵԳɳǣ˵Ļ棬ĲɱһˣպҲټƽϣ
Գɳǵͷ
ðɡͬˡת۾һ۽ǻ䡣
Ͷɡ
ؿڣ˿
תͷڶ΢Цŵ
ʱ˿̣֣֮ζЦġݵЦݣȴ̲סлĻһЦ
Ȼʲôû˵ݶЦݵ˼
ݣлл㡣
ͻȻãŮҲôû˼
ӱסǣȻͶˣǿȥԺɣסǣһߡ
ǳԳɳȥԳɳǣôȥ϶ǷŲĵġһͬȥɣ
ԳɳǰŴ󲽣Ǿһͬȥ
˵ƣ롣
ֹò˽Ҳ֮飬ϾڽӢ֮ǰԼѱѹꡣԳɳǲ֪Ӱɫﲻ֪ռ˶ٱˡ
ʱߣҲʱңˡڣͷֻɱֳ׵ȡʤӰĶﶼĽȫƾһ仰£ܲ
ʵΪѽ꾳ԭԳɳǵľҪƽЩȻĻԵõľͷ֪ҶٱڵǺܵ͵ˡ
ݺУϵƺǰҪһЩ
ٰҿǲʲôأҸƭˣ

ݺߺ̸ʱ޼Ժ
һԺţͿһæҵľÿ˶ʰŶȻһЩְ嵶ָӣ滹ԵЩҡ
ЦûУٳһᣬͷŻɽˡ
޼ɵͳʵɱ𣿡
޼ɣ˵أ
޼ɲٻشˣеħϵرж±ѽִָһѡ
ʵʲô˼
ħɱЩ޷ˣҡ
޼ɾǽ޼ɰϲ˵ϬҪ徳˲°λ㻹û꾳ͶĽôģ
޼һ㶮ƨǲħմȾЩ˵Ѫ
Աϣ޼˫бųԺ
΢΢һ㶣Ҳٶ˵еɱ̤󣬽޼޼ɾٽ׼һ˵ʱͷһ˳ȥ˵ĺ󾱣ȻӺﴩ˳
ԶҲװƵļһ޼һ䣬һȥ
ҲװƣôᡣӽԾ£Χתֻ˶ĵطȥҪ֣ͷĽɱˡ
Ͷſɱȥɱһˣ
ļһ޼ֹһ䣬žٽһֱӿһһĲӣҲתһַֻսһͱǸӺ泯һôͱࡣ
ʱĸΧӣ˫ʣͻȻԭתתһɫĽղסţͳͳնɱ
ⷽûٸҿ޼ˣɱ˳ֱ֣һȺˡȺ˲ǻһЩܵĸ˺ͺӡ
ӻ᳤󣬳˻ᱨģҪΪһ޸֮Ů˾ͲܸɳҪһҪŹ
Ļ޼ɶ߻صʱ޼ɲûв˵ǡļһͬʱԼҲѾ÷
ʱңѪϴ
ǻͣɱ֣ѿһ̨˫ȻĴţɱʱͲҪֱۣ˾ͻᱻĽɱҴҲȻΪЩ徳ٶٿ죬Ҳ첻Ľ󡣸οɡ
޼仹ʮأûʹħԸЩ˿˫㹻ˡֵĽʮˣΪߵҲɣżһܺһģҲӲĵʮ
˴ݿ㣬ɨҶ㣬ưġ̨
Щ˿źţȴΪʱܱǵ˶ԺһܶԸ޼ɵ˶ûС
ڤڤеעԭӰԭĪ£ԭʤԼҪߵöࡣ
ƫƫԳɳǾȻǻʵ۵׵ܵܣףûҴУһɱǹӰɱ
ƫƫԼҳ˸ݣŸסڤڶɴɾͻͣɱĪ¡
ƫƫԼһ˸ԳɳǱѾ̸кˣȴ޼ɣΪǿš
һеһУƺע
һ˵޼ɵĽ¡޼ɾվڿԺŵĵһͥԺЩĿܳ˶Ľ¡
˫սȫѪֻΪɫ·̧̫ۡͷҹĻµ¹ⶼǺɫ
¹ⱻȾˣԼ˫ѱѪȾ죿
֪Ҳѵȥ룬ΨһҪ£ǲκһˡ
ȻѾĽ飬ȻѾɱˣǾҪɱס
ͥԺеһħκ˶ӹ
ɱСˣҲûˣͥԺҵĴҲʧɱ˵ٶƺܿ죬ûйãԺͽڰ
ְȴǳˡ
ΪڴʱĴʲû˵û˵
ž
һӰͥԺ˳޼̧ͷţǸӰڰбأȻ䵽¡
ţһӰƷɳˤڵϣͷѪ
ͻȻͥԺİУǵӰǰ޼ȥ
ûˣʵ
ûˡ޼Ļش
มµŮˣһŮ˵ǰһˡ
޼΢۾ٶ졣
Ҫɴ£ҪݣҪ졣
ҪɱңҪɱңµŮ˿ģѪˮѪˮʺ죬ȴһ˿˿ɫʶ£ᡣ
ֻʣһˣȴûмŶ֣ʵ
Ů˵Ҳ
ģ
֪ɷûУҵĺӣôˣǻţټһֻһ棬òɱԼ˶ϡ
ɷ˭㺢˭
ɷǣҺӱ
ԭҵĳϱˣǶš
Ҽһ𣿡
΢Ц
ŮסȣҼһɣͼһţ
ûлشŮˣǳ޼ȥ޼ɣأ
޼ɱ۾ϲޱ˵˵㡣
˵仰֪˽
ȻĮŮһۣŮǰĽ΢΢һһǰƶȻڶ
ʱԺ⴫һС
Ҫɱ

Ѿˡ
Ѫɫ¹»һĻȣŮ˵ĺ󾱴͸¹ѪɫŨ
ʱԺ˶ˡ
ԺĲ״һ߾ߵµʬ壬ŸոյȥŮˡ͵һ̼ĵ¡
ޣҪĸױȥס
ӱ˫ȭͣĲɳƵ˵ˣˣˣҲˣͺȫˡ
ͷ۾һĹЦ
ԼңĻ湻
ԳɳʵҲһ仰˼϶ָʹˡ޷⣬ΪԺֻҲͰˣƫƫ޼Ҳ޼ĳܲ˵ºԼ޹ذɡ
ԳɳϽ֪ʱӦǿƣʲôֻǾעҵˡ
Լ˶ѡ˳Ĭֻһ⡣
˫۲Ѫ˿ûһ𾪣˹ȥź磬ڸʲô


076 һҶƼ
Ժ龰һƬѪ죬ǻδɺԵѪҺ˵ʬѪ۾ʱǰĿ־ɢµʬȻ࣬ʬȴࡣ޼ɵĽܷڽֵǰٶڶԷϿһ֡Ҳ⣬ǶܵвʱᷴͲܱ֤޼һͬһ̨Ļɱ˱ʬĿȫǣ
ĳ棬ֻǿһۣ﷢ԳɳЩǰãоηûʲôģʱﶼڷ顣η͵͵һۣѹֲסĿ־岻ͣĲֳ޼ȥȻ޷ֹ֪ͣᣬȴû뵽ȻѪĵزͻȻã޼ǰδµСëӡ
ݵδʹһ߾ߵµʬ׷ǹʣȴԼĸ硣
Ǹɱǣ
磬үôǶɱˣ
޼ɲѽȻһһţȥ
ʱҲȷֻܳݡ
СݣǽΪ˺ҿսģȻҪɱˡ
Щߵ˵Ѿˣ˶ѾͶˣ
ͶһЦԳɳһۣүӣѵͶˣҪǣ
ԳɳǳǺɨһۣû춯̸ġ
Ƿǣ˵׼ڲõĽԼҲһ졣
ƳһۣԳɳǵүӣѾһˣûʲô·ˣȫɱ˰ɡ
˫һʱץסֱۣ磬˵ʲô㻹Ҫɱǣ
ҪɱǣǷɡ
ôˣǶ˵ˣͶҵغͲҵ뿪򣬾ͷߣ
ڳˡҺ޼ѾѪϴԺǵķ˺һЩ˵ļˡٷǣΪĻ³𣿡
Գɳǹ֣үӣСݻСϵ϶ġ
˵ţͭˣλүŻɽǸԼ»ɱ޶պͻɱ޶һжΪԼҿǣԸŹǣȻû˵
ͭվŬŬȭͷȵʲôţǶɱʲôϴݺ޼ڻ壬Ҫãȱɱˣ˵Ҵĳûûɱúã
ͭɱ㣡͵سͭȥ
ͭýһţߵڵأ˫ʱɧ
Ǳ򣡡ǰ磡һ䣬ĹǣƹǰɣѾɱôˣɱˡѵ˵ˣɾͻ굤ɱЩ𣿡
˵ˣǧˣˣָɱͣЩ徳ˡ
ǾͶˣȻˣ㻹ɱǸʲôأ
ҡҡͷִݼϣ֣ص˵СݣҶ˵ĻѵˣҪɴ£ɱϣ
ҲҡҡͷɱǶЩ޹ˣԸɾʲô¡
޹һ޹ˣָǣָָȵǷߣպһǶвɱȫңҲɱȫңɱɱҶӣʱˣ
һᵽҶӣ϶ʱûˡڴĿֲζ
ޱȰգԭѾ˵õ£ôͱˣ
硭С˺ܶ࣬ﱥ֮飬磬͵ˣһɡҴӦǣʧŰ
ݵļ磬һЦҸʲôֲ˵㡣үһ仰ǾĹؼ
˫ۻȻһ׼ȥԳɳʱԳɳǣ˵үӣ㣬ôԥѵ˽棬ҾֻһңҪ˴ˣһ
磡ݺȵ㲻Ҫ˵ˣҪ˵˰
˵ĶʵСݣ̫ˣ۾Ըٿǰ
ݲԼ񷢷һԼ˵ǰо۾С㣬ȰȰүүȰȰүү
ǰ壬ǶѾͶˣҲûзǲҪɱ¾ˣ
ץסηĸ첲үȥүү˵˰ɣ
˵ţܰȥ
Ⱥбߣ޵ĸˡ
޼ɽϵر߹ȥһסݵ֣Сݣ
æתץס޼ɵ֣ץסһһ㣬ү˵ǶԵĶԲԣȥȰүүүүһġ
СݣСݣ޼ɽݵֽס֣صעݣ˵СݣǶԵġ
ǲԺǱԼңĺпܾ㣬ˡ
޼Ҳѱ̬Գɳǳȥѯ
˵ͷһԡ
ԳɳǵǾɡ
ԳɳǣСˣŭԳɳǣ˫ȭͣĲ
ƴˣߺȵ
ԳɳǾ֣ǰһ֡
Ƕ֣
֮ʱǸСİɫӰ˳
ǰ˼תԼĸ׺ͼˣУǵӡˣҲ޷أǸүүҰɡ
촽ţ㡭
ֻ֮ٱˡתϵѸɣҲݣһĨЦݣݣллΪһСһǺ㣬㲻Ͻңˣ־Ͳˡ
еĽˣ֮ѽҲԭˡ
Աϣûκͣ٣ֱӰѽγ¶һСؽһĨʱѪĽӵȥ
˵أҲأͷǶմȾѪĻҲ
ݵͬһҶƼ
һҶƼ󺣡
ݷԱܵľһʬȥ
ž
ͷųһŻݵĽ£ŭȵԼˣŮ
һۣŭĿͶԳɳǣŮ˵ĶԣòǶ֣ԸΪ׾ҵľһͬȥɣҪӣ
ԱϣҲ˶ϡ
ŮԾһЧתۼ䣬ˣҲˣӱҪ֣ȴһץס
֣ص˵ӱҵĵһţ绹Ҫɫ̫ϧҪţΪ㣬ֻҪţԺһܳɾһҵʱΪǱ𣡡
ǡ
Ļ䣬㲻ͬŸոտʼҲֻаҵϣ㣬ҺŻġŸ飬Ҳͬҵľӱ˷ʱˣоɱ㣬Ҳֻӳȥ
˵ˣ߰ɣ˵ţסлذףԼͱ˽ȥ
壡ӱɫҰ׵غ
ߣ߰
ӱҧ¶ģ˶ȥ
ǻͣˣл±ܵԺϡ
ԳɳĻŹһֱɱС
ƣ


077 ޴
ԳɳǵҶʱһƺһƣɸߣ·ħ˫ƣӱм䣬ݺݵȥ
ǻ꾳Ļͣ˫УҲҪһ
Գɳ֣Ѿӱˡ
û뵽ǣӱȻĹͻȻһԾţٴϣżһ㣬˾ʧ˵С
ԳɳһûзӦһǹӱˡ
ԳɳǾôܣһСûҲվˣ
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ԳɳתתӣʵǴ槼ƵǼܱı
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Գɳϵɫ粻֮ǰϲñǳܱסεһ͹˰ѱΨһͶĵطʦ
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Գɳҡҡͷǲ˽ɷŰɷһǻ꾳ͣ˵һҲǻһϣأ˵ʵҪǿǰǻ꾳۷ڵ֮⣬ǵ꾳͸ߴʮԼңеֿ
ͤͷƤ飬૵һسϣ꾳ͣʮ꾳͡һǰѾ˶´࣬˵ǶԸԼˡ
ԼС˹ɷŰͤץץͷƤղŶԳɳǱ̬ǲ³çЩ
Ҳû취ˣԼѾԼǽңǱӱˡɷҲһĿ֮һ
ôԽԽҪԼһŽС
˽̸ʱѾԾ
һҹ紵һԺﴩţಡ·Ʈԩڿűʹ
ʱԺվˣ紵ȴûһ˷ʲô·һյĸۡľɷˡ
Գɳǻɨһۣ⸮ۡԺԼҵˣھͿʼɨҪϢЩѻȥۡϺ۹ͣ
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ԳɳǴӻͳһɫӣУүĽƣùȥ˵ǰΪү£±ѹˡ
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Ժ֪ġ²˳٣ȥɣ
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סĸ첲Сݣǻؼҡ
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ݵ֣ȰʲôôġһҹˣȥϢɡ
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ҡҡͷ˵ôأôϲɱˣɱ˵ʱôô֪᲻ɱأ磬㣬㡣ͻȻ֣Ҷİ߰ɣֻһ˾Ĵᣬ뿴㡣
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ɷܲɫʺӣܱ߿˺ɫĻϽĹҲǺɫġһƬɫ
ʵճ֮Щɵɷİڳ㲻ʲôɡΪɣҪԼصĻ⣬ж츣ء²ʲôһĶ츣أٵһõٶĶ츣ء
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ʮѪΧһȦÿѪмһɺɫҶҲǺɫĹȦ̾һſųʺɫɫǳһʯӡԶȦȥῴĺɫâӵڶ
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ʱһȫ۵ڽص۾̬һǿͷųѪѪˮڵĸ
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ҮɳĲ찵֮£źءźճļ֮£ȻһֱѹեҲǵһЩϢź˵Լͼһļϡ
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ʵźڹկҲӵʵȨկԵףճ˾ˣճֵ췭ظկճ˺ճǵļٴμᣬİѹկźص£կΪɷţճǾһս
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Ϊ˹ɷ֮µĵһźرܷʹԼļƻˣıճЩŪˣʮ£ճȦһһѪźǿƣճƵ£ճǲ־˷׷Ͷɷţɷŵʱϣ졣ճҲûַɷŵ뷨ˣǵȻǿҪѹɷԼҲҪ˲ءɷڽճǣճռһϯ֮ء
˺ճаʵɷ־η塣
źѴﵽ£ʱʩλˣ֮λźأԼ˲ĳϣǱСʦĪºźصĸͬΪɷһɷѳ׳ΪźصССȡ
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ðɣں˵˵ĪôģĪʦôҲǻ꾳ڵôԵһϵСźǰ棬ȥʮ꾳ͶǹɷмźҲ֪ΪɷŻĪ£źʦźǰֺĪ£ôģ
ͬźԣôĲ֪ҲǱԼҵֵܺɱġ
Լֵܣûл꾳˰ɣԼʲôֵܣͣ
Ѿӱ˽ˡֵܲˣԼδĹүܵܽݣӢϴӱǸӡӱ˵⺢Ӻаţһ꾳꾳ȥɱɱһһ
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źͻȻ۾ʵڤڶɴأӱ𣿡
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ʲôźͻȻȵ裡ֱǳ裡ĪԼҲͰˣȻڤڶɴҹɷŵĳ裡ǡǶʦʩʦ
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079 ˭֪Ů
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šʩյͷõʱաӱʱ䣬Ҫԣеĳѹȥ
ΪʲôӱЩȫұѪϴһûκӳޣôѹƵ£
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ӰӱѶһ⣬ӱͬŮװ硣Ȼӱŵھˣ⿿ӱҲġƫƫ岻ӱ񣬶Ҳһ츳ѵĻšֻϲӲͷʴҲû˹עӱڼҵá
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ԳɳɽͷĴ°ڶ޵ĳƮԺߴɵİңһһ졣˫ǰֱȥƶʱǰȥ
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ȣݵͺһͷųȥ
ԳɳʵСݣƼӳˣ
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ԳɳǸµƨվľȻôǿȻܿסƵĻþˣ
ߡһٴƣ۾רľۼγɵԽԽԽԽȻѸߴʮɣ


080 ҵĵ̣
飡
ȻþƣͷųƣȴĴݻҪ˺ܶࡣ
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Գɳָݣյ˵СݰСݣ֪֪ӡжô󰡣оÿСֻ޳2оҲ޳10̫˷ˡͣδϣҲͰˣ㻹ôᣬͰӡˣҲ̫ˣ
Գɳǵ䣬ݳĬԳɳǵķûдģѵҲûдģȴ֪ݵʡ
2ӡǰõ8㣬һȥ10㡣
徳ܹ޳54㣬꾳޳11㣬ܹ޳ӡ65㣬ȥ10㣬Ҳ55㡣
ڽ꾳޳11ӡҲΪе⡣û뵽꾳ԼӡȻǵġˡ
Ҫ֪оʱÿһСҲֻ޳2㣬оҲֻ޳10
ѾԼ꾳󣬻㹻ˣټӳ4ӡڻϣʷϵһҪúÿӳλ10Ļʲô̶ȡ
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ݵȻкܶܣС䡢ܱڤڶɴЩܻ֪Ψӡٶȵʣȴκ˶֪ġ
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Ѫϴҵǳ˺ܶ࣬һҹ֮Ҳ仯˺ܶࡣҲԳɳǵͻȻ䷢Ĳһ˵ҪΪ߸ϵĻǿߣͱҪ͵ʬȥʱЩʱҲеҲô¡ɵϣ䵭Ĳпᣬף֮ǰΪ׵ĵʵԼͲ
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ݴûӣֻ룬һԼˡ
ûлشԳɳǵ䣬ȴС߹үӣ˵ˣǵҪұһߵ͡
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СݣαأȰӡЦ
ƺҵĻҪȻˣΪʲôܰӡӳ棿ҵĻãǹãһټһ㡣
㣡Գɳָݡ
ѹԳɳǵ֣ҡͷ̾Ϣ
үүһ£ˡݶԳɳ˸ҡͷԵ̾Ϣ£ȥ

ݵķһͷ
ͷϣһöָ
ָشһʮ
Ȼʮ黯ģȻϣһֲݿܵİ
Ǹ
׹⣬׹ɢεĺȻ֮ѹа֮
׹⣬һƾɹϵС¥λϣɢɭɭĹ⣬ڤڶɴ
ݴʱ˸ռ䣬ڤڶɴ
עãȴһֱûж
Сܱվңһһһ¥ݽײ㡣
ãСŵСݣȥɣѹסӴԺڤڶɴˣܴһڰڶɴˡ
ݵͷʱһƹ⣬ڤڶɴС
ãã룬ƹһݵϵСϡ
һκϴαĪȡڤڶɴһһûпûб裬ûк˷Ϸƽ˾Ǿĺ档
ȴ˿ɣĻܣһ㶼иΪһָоԽƽķ籩Խҡ
ȻͻȻһŨܵĺڷ磬ںϷŰ
ڷ󣬺ϼһıııġ˻һӰ˳˻ڶ𣬻һ̤˻
ЩɲͣתŵĺڷɣԴһʺ۾
ڷںһɨȻгɰǧӺϱQЩĳȻǺġһݣ񿴼ʳһӵųȥ
ϲޱɲõơ
Ƽӳӡͷųʮɸߡ۳ƣȻߴʮɣ
ܷĳԭڤڶɴԪغˮԪŨܣ۳ƵĶһЩʯ鰡̺ԪصʣֱɾԪϢ۶ɵġ۵ٶȼ죬ߴʮɺȻ޷Уǵ˶ʮɡ
һͷųȥǰһ
ͷƺͷŻٶȲ࣬ÿͷųһƣݾæУûӰƽԼСƻɱһ˷ȫȻЩԼƵĿˡ
˰ʱݶƵѾܴˣͷƵʱǰһ졣ֻƺͻͷŷʽͬһͷų⵹Щź
ҲаţƣǻֻȻǴΧĹҲǧ
Ƶľۼʱ̣ĵĻ٣ȴǰһųȥˡ
ǳͷųٲŻʧҲֳԵĻʱþʹˡ
ݵӡȻȳҪܶ࣬Ҳзִ磬ֻõĻŻỨӡ
һһĻɱȴûбסһһƺݵĻ겻ݡ
ɱҲ˰ɣˣǼʶҵˡһ䣬ȻСʱˣ
䣡
һ£ʱϿպ¡¡죬޴ĸѹϡ
һ֣ʱ׹Ҵܣںϻ˻
ѽѽѽǷһİܵĶȡܵÿ뺣ףҲ¶档
һΣִǬĸоһʱӰãվĶˣһӣЩ׹ʱΧ
ٳݣһ
Ϻ޶
ݶŭССϱ޴ϣ۾һµʱһ޴Բΰ׹ȥɲǼ䷭ں
ٲҾͽƷ޳֮գ쳹£е񷭹ŭ
һ̣϶ʱĺڵ㣬ÿڵɫĹ㣬һͷ­
ȻֻҰԴ¶棬ҲǵЭ
ջСϣ˵ӴԺҾˣһУҵģǸдҵȨó
ҵĵ̣


081 ɷŵ
ϣͻȻ˿񱩵ĺڷ磬ȴ޷Χκηˡ
ءǷһ
ҪˣʱκιﲻÿػҲΪһ
ء
ҵĻˣʧ
ಡֻһգ۵ʱ䣬еԴһգںʧ
ʮɨһۣϣ
ݵһƹ⣬Сӻƹг֡
Сݸ磬ղ磡Сƽʱڸϡܱǰһ߸ϵģһǰһֻ˳С
СϸֳһĨЦ⣬СͷǺݵ㣬Ժô
ҲԡСݸ磬ɡڤڶɴڸУܱţ¡
šʵٶ𣿡
Сֹ죬ֱٱǧڤڶɴ֮ȵһɵĶ츣ˡĥţҰ¾ܽ꾳ɡ
£°ͿҪϣүү꾳꾳֪˶꣬Ȼ˵ֻҪ£
СȻƽ͵˵ʲôģСݸ磬ھôСطû߳ȥͲ֪һЩʲôӡһʺã츳õ꾳ֻͣҪ˶츣أ϶һ¾ܴ꾳꾳оǿȡؼ֮յ֮࣬ƷʺãٶȾͿ졣ֵ֮ط֮ϡȻˡүүͣ꾳ô꣬ҲǼпԭ¡
Сôһ˵ݵʱĵĵ˵ͷҼӽЩ춼ȥˣ
Сݸ磬Ҳóȥ֮㹻֧ӪҪˡͰɣ˻꾳취ѰһԪϢŨܵĸءȵˮ꾳ˣٻ
ЩݵעССҵ֮·ɶ㰲źˡָ㣬ҵٶȿЩˡ
Сҡҡͷһ㶼š̳ĸ׵²ֵõ˸˵ĴУӦٶȡɾͻ굤ˣ߽Ļˣ֪ٶҲġ
Сڲף֮·äĿĲС
СͷͶˡͬľ磬вͬöˣˡ徳ʱ򣬽ڷܿ̿оʱ򣬹⿿ڷܿ̿ͲˡȻҲүүЩͲ֪Ǿ֪ҲΪûмɣͲܵ츣ء鵤򵽣һЩƷģƷ鵤޼еġҲû˭Сݸôãõڤڶɴֶ
ţˡ
Сݸ磬ɣɳһͶʲôˡоĻֻͣǻ֮·ϵĵһ·أ
סЦݡС˵û֮·ܳԼҪһһ̤ʵصȥڴߵյ㡣
СȥҸɣҺһɱĪµģҲ֪ڤڶɴܣһͬ
á粻ˣ
ȵȡСҪȥֱݽס˵ҽе
С΢΢һ㶣漴Ȼͷã

ãã룬ƯںϵСϣˣһֻм䣬ǵ嶼һɫŰסγһͬ絰״ʡ
⵰ϣһɫӶðڰγһֱ磬ͷϲͣɫ
һ̣·һиڤڶɴӹɫСĸӪĺӡ
һĻͷڤڶɴУغڸеܱ⣬˭Ҳ޷
һʵԿֲٶš
Ҳ֪˶ãһͬʱ۾
Сҽ꾳ˡȻ˵ĵǻšֻҪڤڶɴУԼģʽô˵·ԪϢͻԴԴϵؽ壬еĻӻۡ
СһЦƫͷ磬أ
΢ЦҲ꾳ˡ
СЦҲǡ
һȻͬʱ꾳ڣͬŨȵ֮£ǵٶǲġ
ݺʵ˶೤ʱ䣿
Сþڤڶɴܱõ𰸺󣬵졣
ݺһ㶣ָ죿ֻ죿
СΪȻ˵ȻҪöã꾳ڵ꾳׵ˣҲ찡ĸײԺļʾ긡˵һ֣츳Ϊͺһ̤붴츣أϾֱӽ꾳ڡ
ʹ죡Цү֪ǵٶȣ֪᲻ᾪȵķಡ
С˵үүеķˣǵٶ޷ġҪ꾳ȥҲʵ
ʵʵ
С㵸˵԰꾳󣬻ӾܲԵĻˣ˵ֻܲԵĻǿͬʱԺͻԵĻʱүүǰǲ¶ԵĻˣ
ԭݵͷˡ
Сɣս꾳˳أСݸ磬ǾþˣһǿϤ̶ȣ˳ץȥΪϡ
廰ΪʲôŽԼأ
СУһŽԪϢˣǿ԰Ž
มͷˡ
̽ԴСһߵݵСݣллˣǳ
˵ﻰȻ츳ãǻţȴûǲڤڶɴٶôҲϲݵģͬˡ
ûӦ΢۾ԹԵ
ݻǲԼЦһҲգˣƢҲ˵ˣ
ʱڲ֪ȥ
ֲ֪˶ãܱϿ𣺡ԼҳˣһǰҲ硣
۾ü϶ǹɷŵˡȥСݣȥæɡ
ݴˣȻû۾үүǻ꾳֣ԼôҪǰæ
ţȥȥǻͷϵݣ뿪ڤڶɴ
ԼҴǰţԼҵǰȻԼˣԳɳΪףվͭվ޼оηϰٸԼһ
Ƕ棬ͷһһƥɫĿͷëϳһͷëʨһ۵źϣִޣĺ۷ǳ󣬱һŮ̷ͼ΢ЦԼǰŵɨһۣĿоʱ۾ȵĹ⡣
ͬһƥɫվǲվʵҲҪźһ㡣жʮƥϸ꾳Ļ͡
ʮ˸Լſڣƾ˲ұƽܱߵھӶֻǽ¶ԴԶԶĹš
źûӸµԳɳǣ˵֪ҹɷʲôİɣ
ԳɳǵȻ֪ʲôģԵñȽ侲ô
ôźػعͷĲ£㿴ҹɷŵľ񶼴ˣǸжŵǸιѪġ


082 үӳƤ
ԳɳʵҪϾɱ
źظӣԳɳǣɱҹɷŻĪµʱ򣬿һ·
Գɳ˫ָ̩ȻΪŰҪɱǣֻ
һźЦֻϺ꣬ҽ첻ϻǹɷеĶˣһֱ˲ңҲˡңҾˣ
˭֪ɷƽЩʲôź˵еĶˣʱȴһҲ졣ȻԳɳҲȥźصƤ֮
źԼȺȥأɱĪµְɣģȰǽԼһȫʬ
ǡԳɳǳɵ
һӰӴǰһµȺ߳Ŀ絶ֱӭźĿ⡣
ǣźؽͫУʱʵʵĿ⳯ȥ޵ľǻеͫͫ׿ƻͷŻⲻǹɷŵĻɷ֮ǰרĻ·
ӦһźصĿ⣬ۼ˫ĿһСźشͫĻǰȴûٱƽǰһžн÷顣
ףźЩԾ뷨ԼһͫͷųΪ˸һġΪţһ½ͣǽӲסһеġ
һЩ˼˲ţȻҵĻ
Ȼɭɭ˵ҲЩ˼ǹɷźذɣ
źЦŹ֣ϡ
ĿӹźأĲȥĿΪĪ±ҲԼңԾʵҲܰ쵽Ҹұ֤Ҫ£øʹĴۡ
˻źȤʵ
Ҳ򣬵Ҫɱ㼸£ѵףԱϣɱ䣬ͷֻͬӥŹɷŵˡ
źŸ߸ϵɱ޵ȻǸ˲ţֻ½ͣôǿ󡭡
ЦΪĵأ
źʶż򣬴Цǳţ»Ϊе㱾£е츳ƤӵΪΪˣ
Աϣź˫ͻȻһŰеɱۿ֮еȻȼһ̣ɱһŻɫסһ󣬷׷׵䡣
ͻȻ¿Ѫ
ߣǻ꾳۷ڣ͸һֻһźزԳɳǰһ飬ȵǣԼַǣģɱԼңɱǮŮˣ
ɱԼңɱǮŮˣɱԼңɱǮŮˣͬʮźÿж̰
ȵȣԳɳǻƣȵ￪ս˼޹ȥһս
úϻԼҵģѡطսûôأźٽһ飬ڿзžָоЦȺӸˣԼҵСŮҵģֻץģ
ԣо˺һԳɳǡɫʱҰס
СŮӺðǳĺðǰŮ˶ҪðҰץȥ˺òã
ãʮͲЦˣˣ
Σоóʱһϻ֡˵ЦȻֹ
ƣźص˫һʱЩĻƣо˺
źЦʲô˼ˣһȥҽ㴵Ž˼
ʮٴδЦεЦ񣬶һһζ
ɶ񣡡ͬʱһ׼֡
Գɳ֣סȵס֣
̫۸ˣǶ˵ûãƴˣһܳȣǣԼŮЩ侲ˡܰץʱͿó
ԳɳĿעźأƴˣҲǣʱоǻᱻץߣƴʲô壿
žžžźΰƣȻԳɳĴָȻүмأⷬ˵ĺãҰ
źָӣʵүӣ㲻ŮңҷǰɣšҲǲԽܣ˭ŮƯأֵۡŮ뻹ðֽҡ
Գɳƨ
Ϊϲ𰡣ôˡźڱǰ˰֣·ŵŵƨôţ
ԳɳǵҳϣԼҲɷŵĶ֣ҪԼңǹɷҲԶˡ
ӴҺ°źشԾߵԳɳǰͦصҵƾʲô
ƾʲôԳɳǰһźؼǼӻͳһɫӡƾ
źµĳǽȥ
ʱɫ䣡
Ѳүˣźؾʵ
Գɳʼ磬ǲǣһ벻֪ˣүˣôƣʵ㣬ң˼
ЦźҲԳɳǣôһССҹȥҿǼٵİɣ
ٵģԳɳǽսźضߣŴˣҡҲԡ
·ϱͻȻһ£ź͵һˣؿԳɳǣ￪ʼ
Լҵ£ԳɳԣүƣѲɣǻҵˣ
ԲܣҪǻҵˣôСһ
ΨһĿܣĿܺүʲôϵ
źȨһָֻ˰飬Цôѵܰܣʵ㣬ҹɷȻֿôƽǣҪʮ죬ҾͲΪһ˾ҹɷ鷳
Գɳǵô˵ƿҿ㣬ճȻκүķȾָļҾӡԶһѣԼԣҪҰԼˣ͵ıɣ
飡
źһ⣬ԳɳǺ󷽣ԼҴϵһ÷顣
Գɳ㲻ңҸүһӣԼңҲˣĪҹɷŵĻҲҵʦ壬ǰɱˣҪۣɱ˳¾˵үȥҲý
Գɳǵ
ݣɱĪµ֣ҸһӣֻҪ
ͬæҲսźأڤڶɴ
źػ֣зִ硣㣬ڤڶɴֺöݶߣ϶ύԼҡôֻҪץˣڤڶɴҲȻ͵֡
еĿģΪ˶ڤڶɴġΪĪ±ҲֻһӡɱɱԼҵˣǿɲ¡Ψһϧľǣоȴǲٶˡ
Գɳǻԥźŭˣȵôţ㻹ô˲ɣֲˣ˵죬ҲҪǣ
ͦȵҸߣ
оæסĸ첲
ܺãźصҵ˾Ӧأܵأ
ҲҵܸܵߵģҪץץҡ
ôϻҳ
оְǿźԾ˹ȥȵ˵ˣҲǴҵܵܣ
˵ţͳźشȥ
źһӣʱȼһͷĻ𻢣ȥ
ž
ԳɳҲӳһƣӲƴӲĽźС
ͬæǰ棬Ľնʱŵ˼㡣
źŭˣԳɳǣǸҪǰɣ


083 صĸ
ԳɳǳĬ
ź˫ȭţŭǾͱҲˣ
ǣץݣеҰǵģɱۣ
ǣ
ž
ԸϿգһɫĹż۶ųĹβ˹ɷȺУһ꾳ϣƷ
˵ֱУȻһֲĺڶʹ
ž
ţһɫŴһ꾳ͼϣǻ͵ļλ¡
žžžžžž
Ŵ
˭˭źشȵֻԼҵҲع֪ǹǴġ
žž
ź⣬ֱźغͷͬȥ
źۼ⣬׼һӣʱźУƵ죬һʱʧ⣬Ҳ
ͬæźԣеʵû°ɣ
źɫΪѿиˡ
ˣͬܣʵ᲻ˣбԼҵģ
֪˲ͷ¶βҲʲôǳ˵ţ֣ȥʱʧɫ
־Уֲż־ϲ
±Գɳǵ˿Լɫæתϴ
ŻɫĵϣЩɢ⣬ǺʵʣĻ档ֵǣЩϣȴһɫ·һȼյһ̶Ⱦͱ˼
ͬ˫һⰵȻƷ鵤
źӶҪ͹ˣֹƷ鵤̺ŸŨˮԪϢƷ鵤ĵ裬ֻ꾳۷ڵĻΪаȡԪصʱ򣬳ԽˮԪغͻںϣҳˮ꾳Īİ죬ղŻ˰ҵ
ɵӣصĸǸɵӣȻôõĶʹãǱˡҸҿ϶ֻҪҷʮ̺ˮԪصĻ鵤ͬʱѪص¾ܳɾˮ꾳
źذϲ̲סʶżЦԳɳǵĪ
ֱͬɢİ鵤ˣŶ˶תԳɳ˵ԳɳǣҸһ£ϣһԼһᣡҲǸʱúһ£ԼҪֵҪʮ죬ʮ죡ʮ֮ٹʱٴֵܣɱʧ
ƫͷ˵ܵҪһҾͶԼҴɱ䣬飡ʱԼˣǻʵ۵ˣҶһź˵
Աϣźطȵǣߣ
Գɳźع֣ͣ
źߣ⼸졣ҽˮ꾳ʲôеĸˣһƾͰ㾾
žźһ˦ݺݵĳϣ۶ȥ
źԶȥıӰԳɳǳ³
ܳղž˭ڰ˵ţֶкλֵܳ˵
ԳɳҲ죬֪ȻǣǾǶˡȻԸͲҪٺˡ
˵ţԳɳǶҾһݣл˳ĳ˴ȫڴлˣ
ҲԳɳǶҾΨһ΢΢ת¶Цݣ·Ѳµǰ˭һ
ʱ˭Ҳûע⵽ԸǰϣһöȥƽĽָָûзʲôôϡʱһƬҶ紵£ָ΢΢һԾҶŷ绺ԸԺƮȥԺԺٵݵķ⣬ӴƮȥȵͷϡ
ڴɨǣ˭ҲôһƬҶӡ
ԸǰԳɳضС
һ߳ʲôԸ
ԳɳǽеƵݸȥҼĸ϶ȥƽȥ˵ԼұɷŹɱ֧Ԯ
ǣӹƣɻүĻǣ
ԳɳǴӣȵֻȥƽҪʮ죬һ¼ӴҲҪʮ죬ûʱͣÿƥҪѡõģһӶܵ飡źֻʮ죬ʮԮܸܲԼҴĹؼˣ
ǣȥ죡
ȵȣԳɳüͷһǲģˣһˣ
ǵҪˣź
ٷϻҲɷţԮҪ
ǣȥ
죡
Լ˶еһɱ֮ǴûмԳɳ˻Ź
Ƕ߻ͣĴԳɳǵĴ죡Ҫ죡

ӺϷĹѸСûɫʧ
ããĺϣֻʣֻС񷤡
û˳Ÿˣûҡ֣û˻沨ɫС񷤡
Сϣһ˷ܵû뵽ĳɹˡźڻ꾳۷ڣˮ꾳̣õΪƵĻ鵤Ȼˡ
Сݸ磬мǣȻ뵽취ĿսڵʵҲû취
ǫ˵ҵĹͣⶼ벻̫ˡ
СҡҡͷղŵֶΣֻˮԪϢͻ鵤ںһˡ
ԭȥææ߶䣬ҲȥſڡźشŶʮǰ֪Сڶ꾳û޸ֻһЩãڤڶɴҲס꾳۷ڵźءǾռ·ģץԴ취
ͻȻϻʮƷ鵤ڻ鵤ҵУڤڶɴȡˮԪϢͻ鵤ںϣƳ̺ˮԪصƷ鵤ٶʮ鵤ͷųȥγİ
֪źزСʮ鵤ɲ˺ǱȹЩ꾳ͣƣźһиֲڰĻþʱˣźس֣źץסǻ鵤
Ȼźصõ˻鵤Ϊ˺ôɵӡֵиڳһԼЩ鵤ɾˮ꾳ҲͲʲôˡһƺ֮УǸ͵Ϯɵӷæ
ȴ֪Լһ뷨ǡɵӡڹ֮С
źǸˣȻҲʮǰֻһ˻쵽ճһԵĸ߶ȡ׻ȷ˵úã
СЩǣεĳɹҲǽҡ
ʵΪô˵
Сҹ۲źصĻϢжϵĳǸս꾳۷ڲáǳ۷ڣô㿿ʮ鵤Ҳʮͳɾˮ꾳ƫƫֻүүԼʮ죬˵ʲô
˵룬˵ֶˮ꾳̣
С˸ָҹƵûĹɷڲ϶ж츣أɸŨȵĻԪϢϽõĻ鵤ôʮܳˡ
ж츣صɣǼְ
Сݸ磬Ҳġץд綼꾳ˣܱүүǾ꾳͡źؾˮ꾳ˣҲܺһ
ݵͷᶨ˵ԣûʱǲҪκ´ţԳ̻꾳Ϊ
СЦͶˡȷĿ꣬ᶨģ𣬲ܳЧ
ಣ
ϻƹһ֡
Сݣղ㰵гֵİɣһ־΢Цѯݡ


084 ׵Զ
ûлشС˵Сݸġ
Ȼݣѱ۾㲻Ը˵ûϵ֪㲻ּѶԹ۵ˡ
ݼ
ЦЦҲٶ˵ʲôʼ
С˵ڵǶԣճɾͻ꾳ǹؼǻ꾳ˣźҲʱƴһƴ
ոһգԼڽŽǵ֮Уڤڶɴȴһƽ·
·بŵڣһֱӣ
ȥ󣬶һﶼ˳Ľ꾳ڣٶȣѾеˡ
ͺñһڸոʱ׬һӣôԺٿٶ׬һǧҲжôˡ
ڼ䣬һҲȫô֮ǷˣȤˣǾͻЩɱ
ѾˣȴһʲôʱˣҪǴɱ䡣Ǽʶݵ֪ݻ֣ζԴǣҲֻܵķݣֻùĲԼͺá
ǲͣζģںɱĹУǻһЩ¶ĽʯʱɱΣԾʯȥˡЩʯܼӲס˵Ҳûʲô壬ǳһŵ㡣
ʱЩˣΪ˲ݺС̤Ϸ裬ɱȡ֣˳ΪץϡСڤڶɴ֮ͨһֻͨҪɱͻữɷ˳ͨУΪϡûʲôӪϣܱûкá
棬̤󣬻һͷָΪָͷĽʹǳңһڤնħˡ
ǰǺ޷мĻӦûǵã˵һνڤڶɴʱЩǻڣѳɳΪϸ߸ϵĴڣûκܽ
ͷȥСԼЩԶˣͽ˿齸ʯϢǶԣɷǣĻǱȻȥ
оЩʣµĺˮһۣȴˮˮȥᶳɱɣ
Ż굤֮ǻ񾳣ǻַΪ񾳺񾳣֪Щˮ᲻񾳵ĻԺͻȻͷתתʱˮɱȫС
ûʲô仯ûãɱðݣ๾ࡱţ·ɱһƿСעźˮ
þɱɱıڷһЩ΢ı仯
ǶԵġ
ͻȻһ͵ؾȥһðź۾һһ
Ҫ֣һˣоһŵɫĻγһУҲûֻΪ
֣ͣʵȻ˵
ɱȴ㬵˵˵
˼ջ֣Ҳɱ㡣
屾һڷ磬ʱƮ
ʵ˵ʲôʲôĶԣ
򱻽ɱ񣬵ǻǳڽպˮɷ֮ӵԡպսǶֱ⽣˵֮ͻ˿ڽ뵽ڣݻڵ֯ԭһССĲ˿ڣҲ֮ɥǻҲܽΪǻ
˵ɱͳΪһˣĲɱ֮ˡﰵϲЩɣð⣬ʵ˵Ŀģ
ƭ㣡ˣ
Цʲô
ҽˣ
Цݣֲҡ
ҡԴҵҵˡ
˼ʲô
ôദֿһЩ˵ЩɱһȺʵףкܶ
һʵɻ͵𣿡
ȻУ
Ϊʲô췴ԶСһۣɻ͵Ҳ
ɭɭʵ˼˵û췴ˣ
ˣǧҪҵ˼㣬ҲǴǿһģ
˵ɣҸʲô
㣬ϣǵˡˣǧҪСǣкܶһ֧ȥ˼䣬ռһɷ֮أ齨һɣɾͣΪ˼ڤ磡ʱڤָ֮ɨݣɾͰҵ
ģ䶼˵ĿȥˡһҰĵˣԼɨݣʷİҵҲ롣һ˵Ǹ֮·ṩ˷ǳ
Ȥʵϣôأܴǳȥأ
ɫ˫˸ĸӹˣʱԴϳһһ׼Ƶģɱݺֻӣڤڶɴ֣Ҳõǻᱳ㡣ʱһٽѡȡɷ֮أοˣڤǱ˼Ҫ˺ܶ࣡
ɫ˵Ҫɱ׵ܵܣ
ʲôȰɵҿó㲻ͣһӡڤڶɴˣʲôʱᷳˣһ߳ȥĵطûˡţЩѾˣݱȽһɱϵˣһܳɴµˣǲ㡣
ʵһһǣѾγһ֯ˡңеͷʲô֣
ϵĺڷתĸˣǷǳԺִˣִ䣡ɫº͵˵ȻΪǵˣִȻҲĳˡʱֻϣܸһְٰҲ簡
Ȼ
ϲˣӦˣ
㣬ʲôΪ
ҾͲ֪ˡִ˺أҴû֡ϴڤĸ·ִֻ¶棬Ǹ·˾ˡ
ʵڤĸˣڤܽڤڶɴ
͵ˣڤڶɴֻͶӰǧǰһƳӶΪʵʡǴȥڤ磬ȴ֪ڤţǾڶɴڤ硣ͶӰҲûҲͳһֻ֡ڶɴ𻵣޷ͶӰϽڤ硣ȴһЩڤ˼䣬ȴƬͶӰ
ԭˡû뵽ڤڶɴȻЩܡ
ˣڿԶˣԵĻȥرִˣϲѶ
Զˡ


085 ԼΣ
ԭƽ͵ɫȻ˪棬һ˫۾Ϣ⣬ʱһӣһĻӰƻͷϣַֻӰʬɷ֮ĻᶼûС
֣վź˵ʲôƨִˣôͣΪʲôΣ˵ҲǾġȻˣǾ͹ԹԵĴںףʵһЩ
˶٣ֵʵǵ뷨ܺãҲҡǷʽˣȥɱݶᱦǸˣҵĵܵܣҵ׵ܵܣ˭ǵĹϵɱۣ
ԱϣһԾۼѸ͵Ƴȥ
飡
ԶСһۣСݸ磬ĺ𾢰
΢΢һЦĬ
Сȴû磬лл㡣
ڤڶɴˣȻ֪ڤڶɴһУǱڶɴˣеһһﷴӦ
ղһԻ֪
õһϢǾ֡
ԼʵٸǿЩˣûЩúһǸֵȻѱԼΣյʱѡ
ңͶӰѳʵʣʱܻڤܽԼڲûѹڤĵˣȴһ鷳¡
ڤڶɴǺãȴҲбװ
ȹɷŵ󣬵ܱѯﶴѨץֻΪµΪԼ
гǧϣǾڤһ֧ײľӣҲסˡ
Ȼ뷨ֻһšǧҪȥ׽
ôԼ׽Ҳû׽
Ǳˣɣ
ֻʵǿе

ڤڶɴвҹֲ֪˶죬һ꾳۷ڡ
ʱСȥһ£ҪݵҶ㱨Ҫתݻɽϱչأһƽ
СҲ֪ѾǾźصһŵʮˡ
죬źһŵˣ
Сֻˣûаս꾳ʵ
Сشаգܱ֤
Уñ֤꾳޷źؿ⣬취
취Уǡ
а취ĥʲô˵
СվصҿԽԪϢŨȸӸߵԪأǿйǵڡ
ðȻĹ⣬ˣͺǳ꾳ʱһ
ԣСͷһģһǿķʽַʽǿԣǳΣգһСģͻὫӳƣ徳Σաǳ꾳ʱʹַΪĪ£
ѵСԥˣ
ҲСͰС˵ɣǶ¡Ȼڤڶɴֱ͸Сݣ˵Сˡôţǲµġ
ֵȰ˵£С˵ͷðɡ
ǣԪϢǿȵʼˡ
һȥȥȥ
ûеȵʮ죬ԼſھӭһȺƳĿˡ
߲ơ
ɷţźٴεá
ݣǻȥ
źִޣԼǰεȻǷͬͶʮ͡
ٲӾʹɱˣ
ûãԳɳǺԼ˶Ӵǰ֡
үӣأźʵĿԼɨĿоϣзž⡣
ϧǺûйϵΪŮӣҶҪԼţ§Ůζٺٺ٣ֱĺŮһźо
Գɳ߳źع֣㲻˵ʮ𣿡
žһӣźЦ˵ʮ죬ʮ죿һãһºûϵ鲻ãǰѵУ
ɡǻû׼
Ҫʲô׼
ԳɳɨһۣһΪѵı飬źصҡǡǻûҵݰ
ģŪǲǣźֱһӣʱ޳ԳɳϴȥԳɳҲ֣
ͭæסԳɳǣŭϵźء
ŭ㶯ִˣ
źЦˣǵ꺢ӣûҵֵܣûɱһй޾Ǻõˣ
ͭԲۺȵûƭ㣡Сӹˣ˼춼ûţ
Ҳܣźֺ˵˵ˣˣǼһǣǵΣ
ͭŭȵôĿҵôҲǻ꾳ͣԼҲǺ۸ģ
źͷЦ
ͭߺȵЦʲô
źĿ⿴ͭӣ꾳꾳
ͭɻ꾳ʲô˼㲻Ҳǻ꾳𣿡
źٴһЦһӣʱһɫðγһε⣬ͭϡ
ž
ͭɳȥϵ·һεƿڣѪɼ
ûȥͭƣǶɴ۾źء
ˮ꾳Ȼˮ꾳ˣ
ԼԼͶľηźغָ߸ϵĸоЦ˵ǲǸһֻһ
Գɳֲ̾áֲʮʱ䣬ԭΪ˳ˮ꾳ǰˮ꾳ˣҲǰˡ
Ĳźصͷ
ԳɳѾйˡԭź˺кƴһƴİաڣźؽˮ꾳ˣͻ꾳Ļ;رԼηͽˡΨһϣԮֻû
ˣˡԳɳţϻǿӲ˵Ҫ֣Ͳ𣿡
źص˵ˣҸӣֻҪǽݾͿɡȴӣû취ˣ˺˺Ѫսһʵ㣬Ȼˮ꾳ˣʩʦҵʵҪǿҪԸǣҲãҾ治ţΪǺҹɷƴ
źɫһݣȻѾͷˣȵ㣬ˣٲˣķˣ
Գɳ̾ϢҲǡ
ͭСӣȻô壬Ʋˣ
ٸװ⣡źޣȵȻǻǲϣǾͶԲˡǡ
ȵȣźҪ´ʱһͭԼҴǰ
ȺУ߳һɫŮӡ
Ůӣźص۾ֱˡ
о˫ֺź΢΢ʩ
źæСܵоǰץסо֣Цأء
һץͲˡ


086 ķŭ
оҲѣź΢ЦճǵĴˣԺճˣҲһ㽻ãֺαҪɱɱأ
źЦ˵Ķԣ˵Ķԡǹ˵ЩҲܻСӡ
˵ţźػͣо֡
ͭȥˣȴԳɳס
֪оͷһȥѵźص֣Һ
ףϲʡ˵Ҫʲôףźվоʵַڱ£оϵζ
ҳ
òɡԣ㱾ɡ
ҿϲ
ǧϲϲֱϲ
ǺãҸߣˣֻϣݣҲԼҵ鷳
ԣԼ͵һо˵˵Щʲô
оתԳɳͶһ˫ۺүү壬Ƕ˵ˣΨһİ취
źȴǴϲЩǣˣˡ
ġо˵ĸԸߵģ
棿ĸԸң
ֻҪӦҵ
š롣źɫеоشһ˫۾ž⣬ȴڷɿļš
ŮӱǰκŮ˶ҪƯĳף㵱ҵҲǼõġҲһֱҪֻǿˣöԼңҲû˹˼ɡ
ݡȻһȻȥŮ˯˵
һ뵽ź̲סЦúúãˣСŮӣʲô֣
о
ãооҽΪ㣬Ըˣ㿴Ҷ㹻ðɣ
ģ
Ҿһ˲ɽˣ
оΪѵһȥʰһ¡
ʰʲôźһӣʱסоʣ˦ϣȻԼԳɳǹֵүӣȴоȥֻҪԹҾýȢҹɷŵˣʱȥкϲƣ
⡭ԳɳֱҧһʱȴҲ벻취
оͭܰ˽غ
оźкǣ˻֣ңסҵҪ˵ţֳԳɳǾϹүүˣ㱣ء
оš
ʹ죡ǣһˣһȥȾƳȥ
ˣ
ݣһ˦޵ʮＲ۶ȥ
оԼ˺ѷεغ
Գɳ̱ӣݺᣬооүүûãûܱ㣬ҪҰ
ͭŭʲôƴˣ
Գɳҡҡͷо˵ǶԵģǼĻҵҪȥѻʯҲ뿴һɥĺһ³
ô죬Ϳоץȥ
Ҳûа취ˣֻϣЩԮ
ѽֱͭţŭǼˣ
޼Գɳǰ£үүԼñץߣȴΪҺġүүı⣬ȥоʹһԸ䵱ǰ䣡һʲô
ԣҲ£оͷⰡˣǲץߣ
ͭҲͨһ£ټͶ壬ƴˣ
ܰη˶׷׹£ԳɳǾˡ
룬롭
ԳɳȻԥҲǶ֪ԼҵĵˣϵĵжءÿһҪΪ濼ǡ
˾صȣصȡ
治֪ȥ˰ڣʤҲҪЩ
Գɳ̾Ϣ

Сϡ
ܱ㱨ԼĿǰеĽţ룬СŲӣơ
ҵȥȥδŵӣɷŵ°ȥһҲӲ
ݺСȥһƽûܱ˵һȻ
ô޶ԣżغ
С۾Ȱ磬꾳ֻһ֮ˣ㻹ץ̾磬Ⱦ絽ȥ
ôܵȣѾˣҪȥˣ
첽ߵǰСݣߣһȥ
ݱ۾û꾳ȥҲǰȥɡ
СݣڱץߵδɩӣҪȥˣɩǾͱȺˣ֪źؿɩӵ۾ֱð⣬Ǹɫߣ
˵ûȥûã侲һ㣬꾳Ѿܽˡ
ͻȻŭˣȵСݣ⺢Щͷˣã㲻ȥҲ㣡ܱȥܱȥ
ܱͷŽµݣҾ͵Ϊ˲ȥҲ뿪
ɫҰף촽ţָָܱݣãúúãǶȥǶô˽Լȥ
ԱϣһԾ뿪ڤڶɴ
ССݸ磬ˡ
˵Ŭ̡ݲΪ
ǡСֱ۾

⣬
ʱҹµգŨٵԵӰҷϳ
ٵɸߵİУںڷĽֻͬѥӲڽϣŽǰ衣
̤֮һϮ£¾Ʈ¹⽫ʵӳķ۽µĻεڴʱȻ
δ˽
Щŭ
ԭΪֻΪɱˣӶˣƢû˼ֵܸ顣ҪȻźصһʱҲᰵгţʱ嵭ݵķŭֵĸ黹ô
ȴû뵽оݵδɩӱץס˽ʱ̣ݾȻ޶ԣȫûаѸĽһ£ȻԹԵ
ͲˡΪѾˣƢ˵ȥˡǣһ˵ĵУû뵽ԽԽбˣԸȻӡ֪ͺ֣ڤڶɴ͸
ޣһ뵽Լһ⣬ӷŭغȵ˵ʲô˻ٲãҲҵĵܵܣϾС£ôֻ˵뷨
Խ룬Խᡣ
Ľ̫ŨվǸ뷨һź׷ȥ
ַһأľѾľһˣڿǰĶ顣
ʮΪˣһһŮ
ûǣ׷ˣ
ĿȻӿٶȣ£ټβʱպ󷭣µŨܵĻɫм۶ȥ
غ󣬲ָһӣͷϵĽҲ˳ȥ
ۣۣ
죬β˵꾳ڻͻ֪ô£͸оһһĺɫӺӿ̱ǵѪζʱһͷԵڹٵϣѪӺӿڵ±ˡ
󳯵꾳ͷȥǻ춯æͷʱֻһ֮ۼҪǽӣͻȻһŻĻǽϣһ
һֵĹͷԾվǰ
ǹɷŵһͬ
һ㶼ͣǰźס֣תͷȥ
ţ⽣󡭡źЦ
Ӻڰ߳źصſģ
˪Ķźأɭɭ˵ҡ
źЦʲôģģ
һһٵȡ㹷


087 ֮һ
ЦЦһ꾳;Ȼ˵Ҫˮ꾳ǿЦ֮ڳɾˮ꾳ˣճЩϼһҶˣСɫȻǰģЦ
źط·һЦȫ¶ʶţƫͷоұǸӣҪģԼ֪Ǿ͹ֲˡ
ȰȰоȥң㲻Ķ֡
뷽ͬжʮʱңϵоɫӣѵΪҲĶ֣ҾҪĿ𣿡
ֺοࡣо̾־츳ߣαΪҶǰ̡
оǵĻѶҪΪҵŮˡһԼŮ˶ˣٴ־ʲôã
оϸֳҸЦݣʵġŮˣ
˵Ȼǲϲ㣬ôӦŻ£
ϲңоЩŵ˵ƽʱġʱȣ㾹Ȼϲң
ͻȻоµһɵԴѵϲһ˾ͷǵЦ𣿡
˹ˣҲǲǣźرŭ⾿ô£ڣ
ԶԶźأоҵŮˣǲңҾֻʣһҲҪƴɱף
ãܺãźصͷЦҶˣԭҲɢһԧ졣׻˵ʮһ׮Եңϲɢԧ죡
Աϣźصתͷȵͬúĥ䣬ҵûȥúˣͽˣҸɵ
ǣͬȭ
оŭӦҵģɱ
źһԼҪû취Ҳұ죬ȻãǾͷɣȻԺңﻹűˣ
źص£о޷ֻôӭҹ紵һ
һ˰ˣ˼ʹȴԾɶиܵһҸۡ
˵˲Ҫˣؼҽ㴵źزͷ˵
оΪԼӣۿͨ죬һͬһҵļź׷ȥ
ǰݵ÷ͬһڹٵһȣʱ氼ݣ˫ǰһӣһɾ޴Ļ˳㳯ӿȥ
ʱֻȥֵͬĹĻȥ׷źءٴվȺźȫǰҹɫ֮УҲˡ
淽ͬһĻа˸꾳ͣͬһӣȵϣ
Ǹս꾳ʱһ԰˸꾳;ԲǶ֡ڵ꾳۷ڣǻ꾳Ҳֻһ֮˸Ҳ꾳ںڣвη壬ŵĶԿ
һǿҵĻɫ˸˼ʱɱ䣬շɱٴγ䣬ͬķȥ
湥֮ǰͻϮͬ˸Ͷ׼ɱٶȼ죬׼ĽǶֵ꣬ûܴжֵҪλÿ󶼼Ѫ̵첲̵ȣڼϲһ¡
ڻͼսԣֻСʹСͬҲû⡣ǣ˵ȴסˡ
һ̣¹Ļ£˿˾㤵һĻ
˵Ļ͵˿ںȻһı˪˿ڴӡתۼ䣬;˱¹ҫ޷Ǳ棬һֵݡ
ԭСˣȻǶ
ͬͷеľ֮ɫһţ̺֮Ľ󣿡
ȥͷ˵ǻɱ񡣡
ɱ񡭡֣ʵ̯ͬƣʱһԭСѸٷŴ󣬾ȻһɫĹ
ЩΨΨŵŵɨһۣǲ֣Աߺţװ
ɱԳħúû㡣ͬע̧߰ͷ­
ãһɱʱ£Χתһ̨Хųͬȥ
ͬ˫ִһֱӭġѿ
飡žžžң
˽ս棬תۼ˫ıײ˲֪ٴΡ꾳۷ڣͬǻ꾳ڣ˵ͬܺ׵ؽƫƫѿ쳣ǿʹĳ뻯ؼ汸Ȼͷͬƽɫ
Ϊ˸·ľһ룬ͷͬȥĲץסһ϶˺󣬸ıͷͬĶսʽ
ѷ֮
ۼһɿռѷγɵĳԼڳΧŻͬк޾⡣
ԳħϺݺһ٣Գħĵײ˵УʱԳħǰĵ͵͹һϵģͼڵĴͻض𣬾ߴʮɡ
Գħţ
ʵʣɻɣҹжȻ֣涼֮ҵ𶯡
ѷ֮ԳħϣһעˮʯϣʯŸӹ⻬һЩ޶
ߺߣͬЦһСֵˡһɣ
ѸٽԳħӵϳ˫ץסжΣԳħת
ԳħתɫԳħðҲתγһɫСһγɣһŨܵѪأ˿˿ƵĺɫѪнڻͬʱһżԴβһĹҲѪһ־Ͱ˹Ŀ꣬ٷȥ
ֹȫɫȴɻɣһ󣬽ŵڶԴԴϵĴѪг֣ɢ˷Բͬķλȥ
Ѫʳ
ЩʳݣݷȫͷųѪɱϣơ
һ̣һ磬̺ԪصʱԻһ޴ơ
ͬм˵Լҵǻƣͷųͻᱬƣֻܹһ򡣿ͷųʳѱ鲼ң㿿ô
ҵĻôöƳ˷ͬһۣһʱƻȥ
һɳȥʱǰʳɢǴԭʼĻϢȴûбƣҲûоʹ˰֣ͻȻתַʳʳɢַұߡֱеʳɢˣƻûбƣȻͬ˹ȥ
ͬæ߾ԳħһƱɢ
Ƶľ̫ͬܵ𵴱˼ſȻþסƣѹ˵㾫ǿȻǿز
ͬµ˵ڲ꾳ֻͷųһƣǵ꾳ˣͬʱͷųƣþٿأǸûôǿ󣡣
ͷ˵ñСңȻװ׶
ߣͬڰͷŨüëҲֻǱ㡣ȷǸ˲ţֵұԭûң˽꾳ܽƵӵ¡ϧǣˣôҲûлᵽ꾳ˡ죬ҾҪɱ
һЩɢĵʲôֶȫʹɡɵԺһҪȥˡ
ͬĿŭˣüͷһȵ֪ߵغСӣ㻹Ϊһ꾳ܴһ꾳оֲȴлֲ
ͻȻԳħᱧԳħһ˶
ԳħȻֻǻȴʮǻһ֣ꡮһܴӺߣǴսķǴˣ⡮ҲܵشնءԳħеһأֻǻܷӳȴԶԶǼ𣡡
һΣɣ


088 
ԳħͨɫһϸĽ˿Զ˿ĴڣýˣͻΪЩ˿ԡһ˿֯͸һϡأĵ׺Գħ
ڷͬĿ£ԳħһͷͻȻƿ澹һƬǹɫҲ֪ͬʹʲôֶΣԳħͻȻһĴϢ
һϢвŭϺз輢ĺУϵĽֻˮ棬ɺ˵亣еĺȡ
ڣеĴϢһǾԳħ
Գħһͷǲڹеɫ񿪰йĺвһִϺзһﾨӺ¶ӣ׶ĳȥ
ԭɭĹٵʱŴ̱ǵĺζ
һ֪ͬһͬСɣæɱתγһǿͿռѷɵıȦ
ɫͣȦһγɣͽȦûӣѾõ˼£ûһκˮ֪⺣ˮȻڤڶɴеˮǱܵˣҲһܡ
óýҲȷȷǲˮ⣬ЩϺзﾨȦȥʱȦڳѷ졣
һѷĳ֣ŵڶѷĵ
ڣ֧ŲסȦ壬Ҳɫߡ
žžž
ײ׷׵ɣ󣬻һӷͬͷɹ˷ͬ󣬽
ڵϣͬǲĽƳһۣɫģȴӹһ˿Ĺ⡣
ɫûϺзﾨϻ򣬾ɲǼ˺ۡ
˵ˣɡͬĮĹ⣬һѱǰһκս
ʱѱɫͷת򣬸ֵסͬĽֻǰȭӰȻϣϴһʹʹǳܣһڿѪӿںУٽҪʱȴֱһʹӰ죬˻ȥ
̼Ѱϰȭȭȭ⣬ȭȭڲںеѪ·ӿ
ۣͬһǹȭ°ͣƷɣȥʮԶǻõѪ˳ڵʱǺɫˡ
ģѪ³ˡƳŵأûȥǵѪգһ˫ǿĮ۾ŷͬŭܲ𣿡
ͬڨЦѿˡ
ɫһǵʵʲô
ȻҪƨɣͬ촽
ȫһĳλܵıԭ㻹س
̰ͬĹ⣬˵Ҷ˵ĺûȤҪģƨϵ⡣
ҪʲôԽԽ﷢ë
Ȼ¾ƣˣͬظԼĹͷ
ֱǹ˵Ӱ΢΢һ䣬絯ɰ嵯ٴվӣȷ˳ͬȥϵѱ¼ϳһ˫е˫⵶ͬҲԳħٴνⲫ
ϰȭվǸˡ㻹ܳŶأͬ촽ּɱ⡣
ͬ˵һ㶼ûȷǳŲ˶ˡĹʽ֧ţɸ·ʱѾһľղֺͷͬôãѺľˡֱͬ˷棬ϰϰȭԭĻͬɢѵ˱ıԵҲǻһţзͬһĻǾͳˡ
꾳ڣ꾳۷ڣǰгǿľгǿĻôսʤߣֲΪϵĲ㡣꾳۷ڣͬǻ꾳ڣھϳֲˣҪսʤͬˡ
ԾۼƵУͬҲ˿塣Ϊ֪۹̶ôյʤȻġţһָ߾ڵ;ǰǿš
תۼ䣬ִڱľ档һΣϵľͲȭˣӲĹˡŰͳԲˡ
ȥһоʤ
Ʒƣٴʹѿ
ѿѷ֮
ȫţһͬӿַǰۡͷ˫вѪ˿ԭʵݱȻǿ壬͸֧Լľͻþʹһ
Ҫôԭٺ棬Ȼ㼱ȥǾ˽ɡͬһһɫ
ɷħʣ
ͬȫһ˫ȭ͵ػʱ˫ðɫ糤߰ħɫħڷʱһֻһ˫ͷħͷѪڣ۶ȥҪѷ֮̽
ɷħʡͷ֮ͬǰʹġѪʳһǹɷŵǻǡԳħšȴǹɷŵĻԳħеֻеԳħֵʱ򣬲ͷų
ҹͻȻ޼ɵĴٵԵľĻ죬ƬƬҶ䡣ٵͷһǻɫѷ첨һǺɫħⲨмײһ𣬼ƺĹⲨһ·ƮĲʴЩ͵ġʴһϵ֦ҶЩ֦Ҷ˲ͻ촷ۡ
˵ĻûΪײֹͣ緽ͬϣħһƽѷ첨̽˶
ڻǰԵôĴȻ֧Ų˶ã
ѷ첨ħȫºԼҲħ̽
Ĳ࣡Ĳ࣡Ĳ࣡Ĳ࣡
Щضڷͬ£ôĶ֣
ʧƺѾע
Ȼڳ˶϶µʱȴֳһĨЦݡ
ͻȻǰħѷ첨ɢָɽԼͷݺһûѷ첨ĵħʱײ壬ҧס壬ɳȥ
Ҳָɽħеʱ򣬷ͬǲĽͻȻĲȻ͵شﵯҹĻлһĻȣɱ˷ͬһֲĻǹ˷ͬĺ󾱡
ͬк󾱣ǿħҲɢֻѻȻûҧҲ˵Ĳᡣ
žžڵϣֵ£ͷѪ
ȴЦЦޱ
ҳɹˡ
ΪԼʤý̴ͬ󾱵ʱַˡ
ͬ˫ȭţȫͣضһƺɫƴ󾱴㼯ǽһı˳ûӺ󾱴룬ӺﴩĻ档

ڵϣϵͬŭЦĹȻȻÿƣǵʵ̫ˣ㻹ɱң
𣿡ϵĽûȴ˵ѵˣҵɱԵǻ
ͬɫȻһߣã
æ˲󲿣͵ش˫ֺʮƼʱȼһͬĻ󾱵˿ӿȥ
Ȼ˿Ѿɫһ˪ӡͬȵļʱû˿ڴȥͼ֮⡣֮ǿͬĻһʱ֮޷ȫڷͬ󾱵˿ڴҵĶš
˺ۣվûˣҲܳŷͬ˵ʱһ
ͬǱߣȴ˶ڡ
ͬѳױŭ˿ѿҲܴ˻ֻóɨһۣƵغһ䣺ɱ


089 ʮ
꾳ͻ꾳ͷͬⳡսӵԵĽǶ˵ʵʤߵ̬ԾˡϾȶֵһΣȴѶֱƵֵزڳֱǲ¡
Ƿͬû£ֻˣ˭ʤ˭治˵
ƫƫֻǵǹƥͬȴ꾳͵Ĳ¡
ѵȲˣͬһ£ʱȲĳȥΪµͬ鱨ѩޡ
ֻܾӭĵˣǽƣΪˡѾľҲ͸֧վûˡ
ûб۾ҲҪһ׽Լ
ȻͿǰ¹ⱻڵסһ֣һӰͷ䣬顱͵ıײһ̧ͷһɫӰǰ
ɫӰĸоׯأܳȣһɫľͷ
ÿ棬֪˭
ԼҺôһ¸ηˣԳԼˡһЦ
޼ƫͷ¹⽫Ĳӳӡ
һŴž
һֱΪһɾҩšҲòϣһӡ
ڱңô㻹Լ
ŵǲҪġ
֤Ҹ
߳īߺڣⶼӰ졣
Ͷǣȹ˺ԼȻһŶԸûʲôѶȣ˵ˡ
޼ɷսؿڣҲ˭˭ŵ⡣Ҫ˵ʣԼҵ˸Ǻӣ㿴档
ûعͷһ󼱴ٵ
ͷȥԳɳǣͭηܰͤǧϣųɣССɵ޵С
ˡЩ˼
޼΢ЦսʼˣһԵϢһ£ͽˡ
ͷ޼ɣЦһ治ס
޼صлл㡣лл㲻á
һûӣʵ˵ʲô
޼ɵ˵Цÿ𣿡
áصͷ˵ͦÿ
лл޼ɽڹٵһȣֱӳ˵ķͬȥȵɱˣɱɣ壬壬ЩǶԸӦǹɷŻ
޼ִݺģЩģ۾Ϣ״̬ĬĬ˵үӣ޼ɡ˵ллģӦáҡ
Գɳǹ۲һƣ޴󰭣ֻǾ͸֧ǻ굤㲻սޣٵͷȥ
ȥ׷źأս󾡿Ϲң
һ仰ԳɳǾͼ۶ȥͭڣҪֵоİοûҪ˷ʱ䡣Ȼ֪źˮ꾳ͣԼһ磬¶ĥȥ޼ɼлһɱǹҲ˹עһ
ĻҵҪϸҪԼŮҪҪ
ҿԷϺ飬
Գɳ¶ģ˶ҵǹƥ׷źأԼѵС
ԳɳǺôǵʵ۵׸磬ҵϣ裡
򲻹źأŲԮһ̣ҲҪԼΪ϶սʬ壬Ƕڼ￴Ů°߶㷲
źأһ˺ƴˣ׷㣬׷ˣо
ԳɳŭһҲ֪ʹʲôֶΣµĿͬһ㣬Ȼٶࡣ
Գɳǣαغ˶أһҲһ
֣Գɳץ֣ڹٵǰһӰȥ
ʲôˣԳɳ۾Ѻڰ˿
ȴӺڰл߳Ű£༫ѿ¹ϣһſŶŧӳķ
Գɳƺӡɻǡ
ԼԲֻйһ֮ԵȻӡ󡣡
Գɳ͵һǹɷųϣʩգ

ԳɳǱߵҲ޼ߵսǴݱɷŵͶ꾳ڵӣͭ꾳ڣͤ꾳ڣηǧһ徳ʦէһ־ʹ·磬ƵýڽڰˡӮܲˣɱֻʱ⡣
޼ɣȴħֻһ˳ͬȥ
ϣ
޼ɸΪֱִָͬĿ絶Ҵ򣡡
ͬû֮ͼڡ޷վ޼սһս֮ͻ룬ûˡ
ͬŭ֮ΣС֣ҲˣģһٸҲҶ֣
޼һ͵飬ˣҵġҪ֤ŪңǾվһ
ͬȴҲû취޼ɵĻҭ˵
ôǲԸֻȳˣԱϣ޼Ȼǰһ壬ֱָͬ
ͬΣӳ˫ƣڽϺݺһģʱ޼𿪣ԼҲվʧæ˺󼸲
ܺãˣˣ޼ִٴγͬȥҪΪҲǻ;ͿңҽµĻҲˣ
ͬһʱо󾱵֮Ũ޼ɼŭҲ˲Ϻ󾱵ˡΣգܻܿǲϾͻᱻ޼ɸˡ֮ɱǰС˵ɣСͶǣԼˣǸһֻһ򵥣
ԳħڷͬУ˫־ٹ˳޼ȥʱֻǶһ壬˿ڶѿ֮룬ǶȻҶûġ
޼ɵħԳħһģ䲻ͣضʱı佣ķλԳħһ˿ȥӲޱȵԳħܵһʱһӷͬ䡣ͬӦ죬һ¶ףȻٴνԳħסֵģȴʮǱ
޼ɸղõǻħĹЧҵԷеҲԳħԭʮǻ֮һһĻȻղűħض鲻ҲҪˡ
ץסͬǱץʱ޼ɱڣѸʹʮ
һ
ڶ

Ľ
彣
ʮʮһʮ
ͬǻ꾳ڵĸ֣ˣ󾱱֮ʴʹû£ȻԳħֵס޼ɵʮħԳħײʮΣĻһαһξҡ
ʮʮѣһҲһ
޼СݻճǼճΧнͣľʮеܽӵʮһеܽӵʮûܽӵʮ
ǰӢϣʹʮˣӱɣӢĹھûʹΪ֪ʮһ¾޻ˡ
ʮһǶ֮
ϣ
ʮ֮
ɲǼ䣬ƺ˶ͣؿ޼ɺͷͬǱߡ
ͬڵϣ޼վǰӱһֻŲϥϡħ޼ɷţںڣѿˣΪѾ˷ͬСӷͬĺ̽ȥôһĨɫӺǰð
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090 ɽô
ɲǼ䷢£ûܿ壬û˿޼˳Ľû˿ʮʲôӣ֮ζ˷ͬġ
ܿģֻһѽһѴ뷽ͬ󾱵Ľ
ƺĽֻΪ޼ڷͬĺϴһӣ޼ɵħĴ̽ȥ
ͬɴ۾һ仰˵ˡ
޼ɰתħӷͬͬͬбһƵĵ۾Ȼɵϴ󣬵ˡ
ɱͬ޼ɷ侲࣬ʲôû˵ֻǳȥͶһѰζ
ֿʼװˡ۾ⲻ޼ɶӡ
ƺ۾û˼޼ߣΪ͵Сɱ˹ɷ󻤷Ī£ɱ˹ɷһͬûʲôţƵġ
ټѡ˳Ĭ޼ɵķӦģϾһͶǵˣȻնɱһ꾳ڵĸ֣Ӧֵúúûζ
޼ƺûиһ״Ҫɱ֮ǣ޷ãĽ
úĬĬ˵
ʶҵʮ˰ɣʲô뷨֪ԼԼġ
ʳָ˿ϵܸ
޼ƺ𰸺⣬׷ʵжߣ
ܣ¹⣬ɽķȥɽôߡ
š޼ɵͷҲˣǰҲںҹ֮еɽȥ
޼ɷ·ͻȻߴıӰ룺Сӽ˰ɣӺôˡ
֪޼˶ĳ˼ĳɽ棬֣ص˵Ҿ˵Ļ׼ȷӦñɽҪһЩ
ÿ׳յĿ⿴޼ɣҧǳ
޼ɺͷͬսͭһ˺͵սҲӽβģͱɱԼⷽηų˵⣬˶Ȼ
ôˣ߹ʵ
Ƴţվӣ΢΢һЦöˣжްˡ
Ǻãɣȥ͵غϡ
ͬʬһۣ߹ȥһɫ֪Գħ£ֶϻٶЩöչһ£˶ʱ䡣
ԶԡˣæԸҿʲôͻ굤ûУ
չʱ޼ߣʵ޼ɣ׷źص˶ˣ
޼ɳٵȥֻүүȥ׷źˣ˶
ʵСأû𣿡
޼ҡҡͷû
̾Ϣ
޼ļ򣬵ˡߣоҪ
ţȥо˵ͷ
˸Ҫʱ޼ͻȻһ۾ͻ˫չһ˶ҪڵĶǿбƳģ
˶ĶҲû˭Ҵ
һ̣ǸڵĶȻûд޼ɵͷųųģһ͵Ļƹ⡣
ƹ⣬ԵĻ
խ۾ͻȻһϲ޼ɣ꾳ˣ
ͭһԾЦݵûԼһͣ
޼ûлӦǣٴΰγħ˾Ŀٴʹʮÿһ̳ȥһƹҹɫһšÿһȥҹɫ¾ͻһεĻɫâÿһһƹֱҹա
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޼ɹ֣ϲˡ
޼Ƴһۣ֪Ѿ꾳۷ˣҵٶȺţαعϲ
ʲôͭͤͬʱ꾳۷ˣôܣ
ǿɶǵãڻʱͶǰŹ˶ãȻ꾳۷ˣ꾳۷ڵΪǳеţ
Ŀ⣬ֶһã
ǸĪˡ
ȤĿ޼ɣ΢ЦүүǶûôģ
޼˫ֱЦǿľСд漣ѵͲһ˫һе۾
ðɣûʡתȥ
ЦԼҵʵһ¥ˣߣȥ븸׻ͣȳоɱźأ
һ꾳ͣȻ˵Ҫɱˮ꾳͵ĺ׳ֻ˵ɲǼ̫ţŵһжпܵġ
´ʱԵĵǻ굤ǿߣҲ˵ֺ׳

ϡϷɡ
ɽ£һֱĹٵ˿ھۼĳкȥɽʮﴦһֲڣճǣǾ
ź̧ͷҹܺڣççһƬѿٲľźغǰһɽɽһĽǰСկڽСɷš
źطٶȣִ˸ƣͻ⣬˫ȼǰȥӹٵȥһӲݵСźڵʣ˸ͽ
ǸСɽ߶Ǵֺ֣ǸߵĴɽźߣֻ·µĿɽȥ
ۼͿҪˣźصɧڳһֻ֣ʵĳоĸȥ˼Ȧܵϵ͸УźظӰѳֲסֻߡ
оץסźص֣ٽһַԼ˵һʱɡ
ź۾СôԶȴûʲôѾԼˡ
оǰŬŬ죬˶ࡣ
ʲôźתЦԭ㵣ĵﶼԼֵܣȣֻ͵Ҫھ͡
оæʳָסźص촽溬ɬ˵ҡһһ使εεĺ컨ôʾ͡
оֹźջǵģϲ㣡㻹Ǵ֮
оһ죬ͷȻ
žź͵֣ŰѷоϵÿЦãúúãҼԭлԼΪѡȻûУǼֱ̫ˣģһȥºһźصҷˣ
оߵεεģٴ𻰡ޱһʱҲûа취ֻû֮ƣھͱź衣
ʱ˿̣ĵĻԼĴİΣԼһţҲѾʮˣ֪Ǹͬ
꾳ڵĸ֣ټϰ˸꾳͡³֪
ʲô취ΪүүѪΪԼҵĻҵòԼ
˭˵ֻ˵ļϵӲأеʱһŮĺѡ
źһ߽˹ٵҲɽ·źسĹٵȥЩɻ󣬵ͬٶ̫ˣԸһ꾳ѵҪôʱһٶȵأ
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ҹУһԶ
źأȹ˺Լɡ
ǵһ
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091 һܱ
žžžžžžž
һ͵º߸ĹŴӺڰзȫ׼ȷĻЩ꾳͵ϥϡתۼ䣬źİ˸ͳͳһ⡣
źϣһ˫۾Ѿгһ죬ȴΪûжϳЩǴɳġΪİ˸âһ򣬶ÿһͱ䶯˷λ·ͷųŵһɵˣҹĻ´һ»һط
ѽµĻڵϷ˵ȣʹ
źûλѣԼǰֵĸ˰ɣȻˣβ
ҹɫӦֻ＾ҹХĹš
ź˵ĲȥĲĺСעܡˮ꾳ˣȴ֪гֵĸֵĵϸСΪ
׿аƶ˵źҲһţһƻˣʮǰֻһճǣܻӣȻƽӹ֮
ڹؼʱ̣ǳСģзִ硣
źض£ʰڵϵһ裬ѾⵤǴҹɫзĹš
ź˫ָ裬Щ˼˵ǻ굤ûˣԼǰֵĸˡһû鵤һǻ굤һǮһ֣ǰǻ굤ǸƷʵģ߽ô꣬ǵһοõ˵ˣȻǷͬһĸ֡
źͦأܣԸôѵΪƾЩҩܻң
ҹɫдǵԶˮ꾳ͣЩȻ˲㡣˲㣬˲¡ʲô
δŹâͬʱɳоԵϡ
ʮͣȫſ˵ϡ
ĿԼĲȫȴΪźޱŭסԼս֪ԽǵڰʱԼԽҪ侲
ΪڰеģһǸ֣пðԼܵСˡ
źѹסŭƽ͵˵ֻʣˣԳô
Ȼû˻شźأҹĻֻҹش֦ҡҷľ涡
ɽ·һӰ̤ǹ⽥Ӻڰ߳
ӰߴҲۣͣһ˫ںĺɫ۾һƬбŵƽͷˣźسһΪôҲû뵽Ǹڰгֵĸ֣Ȼôһĺӣ
׼ȷ˵һ꣬һȥʮҵꡣ
һ֣ҲûźȥǶо˵С㣬
СݣȻ㣡оæܵߡ
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СݣźʵСݣѵǸɱĪµ֣ݣ
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һո˵󣡡źЦûǴĻһ꾳ɣҾҪһո˵󣡡
źس׷гֵĸһֱһĲΪбԼҵĸ֡ƣ˵һʵǿĻͣ˲֣治֪ǲǶ֡
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ǰǰϵźѾóۡ
˹ԼңԼҲǶ֣ҲǶ֣ȻҲǶ֣ǶڰҲ֪ʲôֶΣѵҩķʽѹΪиڳ벻ԼĵҩȻɾˮ꾳
ݵϻ˵һɡңߴС㡣ҴܣҴߴС㡣
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źصĵһȻգĹûֹͣ˫мŻɫâһȴûֱӹݣڰлۣ仯һˮɵĴ۾
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۾κźصʱ·ҹףݵһʱ֮ԵޱС
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ݲٶǶ۾ð̫࣬ӰҲܲȥǰƳ˫ƣʹơ
תۼ䣬Թ磬ߴʮɵγɡ
һɵƣһɻԪϢɵĻƣ
˫뷢ЩȥȻƸ۾ϡ
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ȤĶݿֲôţԭѽ꾳ˡ
꾳оס죬Ȼ꾳ˣţʲô̬ٶȣүү꾳꾳֪˶꣬˶죿
ͻȻ䣬ԭǿŽŵģԷЩ
ûǻ꾳͡ԡЩССʽľͲҪó׳ˣó汾°ɡղŵƼ˾ҵķ磬ݵȲƮƮ
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𣿡ɫһٴʹơ
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ݣǼӳֹӡİɣȻûáˮ꾳ͣ屻ˮԪϢ죬ѱ÷ǳƴҵģ
ͬźص˵ûˮ꾳͵ǳԼȻѼӳӡߴʮˣܱź׵رܿ
ûַˡ롣
ֵˣźظ߸Ծ˫ǰȦǴͷųĲˮǻ
ЩǳŨܣһȼŵѪءһѪѪðԴ񿴼˿ɿڵʳһݷӵȥ
Ѫʳ
æ˺󼸲а׹һڤڶɴС
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ѪʳǻͷųʳǺһɻɵģЩûҲǶ֡
ϰֻһ֣ʱǰγ˺ɫߣֹʳǰ
źҧгݵҵڤڶɴɶˣˣ磬ȻҾͰɱɰڶɴ
𣿡źݴӶ洫ݵ˫ĦţһźɫĹâݵƼ伱ٷŴ
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ӳӡĻɱﵣ꾳ʱѾ㹻ˡڻ꾳ˣ̺˻ԣ֪˶٣źܱܹãǱ̬ܲĻУˮ꾳ҲҪ
ź֪ݺӱӢϵһս֪Ǳ̬ĻҲţƶܶȻҲܶ
΢΢ЦţݰݣͷŻʱ򣬾һɱʱ
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䣡
ݵĻͷųˣźɱһţ׼Ծ
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092 ӡ֤
ԭݵĻˮ꾳źû취ԭźɵĶܿԭźͷŻʱһԭʲôпܡ
ܱĳ֣źصļƻƻܱſ˫ۣرסźأʯľ˰վźصźֻһ˫֮أ޷ѡ
ˮ꾳֣Ҫܱ˫Ҳʲôѵ¡ǣûʱˡ
ͷųĻѾӿ٣
ڻźûһ̣ܱʱԾܹ˻Ľźص˾ûôˣڻֻһҽС
ӳӡĻԻУɽղ֮Ľ꾳ǿߣȻľ꾳ͣ¶ǳԲˮ꾳źؾҪǿ󣬵ˣҲֻǱɡ
оһԳճյؿţֱԼ۾ùɷˮ꾳ĸ֣ͱôɱ
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źسָȥŭ˵ȻұƵֵزʹˡֻ֮ۡݣҾ㣡
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С˵ձʱһעעˮӸΧγһԲǻ¶ٸߣ¶ٵͣһʱ޷˺ˡ
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ͷųֲͫһħĽ磬ζӲˣڽжƣֻñħĺһһڵı˺ɷ顣
ݱ򶨣Ϊ˸Сܱţʵѷǳż
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УźزĪ£ˮ꾳ͱȻ꾳ҪٱǶ㲻ûᱻĳֶθոǾԸˡ
ܱһۣںڵðžŵĹâãħˣͫγɵڶˣʱħһ֣ԴԴϣǵֵס
롭롭û뵽ź˼֡ͫ
ҪšܱСֵʱݵڽ
СܱȥðżĹ⡣
Сݸ磬ǲ뵽취ˣ
ݿЦҲ֪вУһɣһֱҶʷϵһ֮ǰǻڡǻ꾳ˣоˣʱиʷϵһ
ʷϵһܱ˵ʲô˼
ûʱ˵ˣСˮңܱΪС
ǣСݸ磡

˫Ħ΢۾ĸӡȽȽĻȥ
ɰڴһ٣ҵӡʹǷȷģͿһˣǶԵģҵԱ档ǴģҵǴˣ
ӡ֤磬ҶӣүүܳɹҵӡĵʣպؽϣΪܣǲܳɹʹһţҲֻƽӹ֮
˫͵һ˫ƻӳƼɫĹâԲٶ
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Ϊֱ̬ΪַΪǲܷ£ûκλͻȥ˻Ƶ£
鷢ǱӳʮӡĻ;ʷϵһΪûڻϼӳʮӡ
ȻҲֻϵļΪʷϵһÿ
ݲ˵ʲôֻʵ˵һС
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һγɣҹͱ˰硣
꣡˫ƺȷƼĻѾۼˣ͵˳ȥ
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С˷ܵ˵Сݸ磬̫ˣǻǴϣҿ϶ҷ𣡡
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ӳʮӡĻĵĻɲһ㣬˵һͷųѾ꾳ݣеЩѡ
źſڵصʱ̣ٳʲô仯æǻ굤
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ҡҡͷûаһֱΪԼǿ
źصͳ˵ݣɪ̫ˡˮ꾳ͣİˡ˭źأɷźأճЩϼһҵҲҪźأսʤҵģ
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ҧָѪϣЩѪҺźصƤϣǻᷱһԽԽ࣬ʱΧӣȫȾɺɫϱȾѪڼӣȫɺɫ
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һߴһɵĹ岻ˣȡ֮һŵѪҺЩѪҺ·𱻵ȼһ㣬ȼš۾ˣȡ֮һֻԭԴ۾壬ȻѲ࣬һһͷѪҺͻɣĿͿɲĹ
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Ѫ䡱Ǻ͡ѪħնɷħͬĻǹɷŵǻҪԾѪΪܷӳ
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̬ܳʱʱ֮УԱ޵СʱʹһٵԴһ²Ҳ൱
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ڣźصķǳʱڡҪݻɱ
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ݣ㱾һţԺǰ;޿ϧǣңоҵģڤڶɴҵģҲҵģ
ȥɣɹźֻ۾أһʱһԴֵĺɫݴȥ
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Σصʱ̣ǧһʱ̣ȴ治ɫƳϣڤڶɴУһˮͷһϱڡһ̣Ҳϣģֱһʱڰٱɵźصͷ͵سźѹȥ
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094 ֵ
ҹɫĺҹ硣
ѹµźûһͬ񵶰иƤ⣬θĽǣѸٵشݻ
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ңңԺʱ˰취磬ɩˣźظôã㿴Ű졣
ֵܣɱ˵£Աϣתȥ˵䲻ȡ
ûдݣߵźǰץźصͷɭɭĶźҲ壬ŭһҪı顣

һ䣬ͻȻɱ񣡡
ɱ䣬Ȼ¡
꣡꣡꣡
һźصţһźص࣬һźص塣
顣
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޼ȻЦȻǹ죬Ž꾳죬Ȼǻ꾳ˡ꾳ҲͰˣȻˮ꾳źءҸ˵ʲôã롭
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뵽ʲôˣʵ
޼ɵҲĵˡ
ǺǡЦүȻҲ˵Цˡ
޼еĴЦݣСݣллˣ
ݳоһۣСɩӣҾӦõġ
оСݣԺٽҴСˡ
ݵ˼ǣɩӣ
оһ죬һûأҽɡ
ã㣡
޼ɵͷݵļ򣬵ҲҴүˣԺ㣡ңǾֵܣ
Ҳͷ޼ɸ磡
ã޼Цã
߹Ƴ޼һۣҪ˭˵Ҫֵˣ
޼˫ֱأ۾㲻˵û˵ư͡
ٺ޼ƶ죬ߵǰ
ݲӣƺ
ĬĿݣĬã˵Сݣ֮ǰˣ硭лл㡣
Ȼᡣ
СݣĻֻҪһ仰ϣɱˣԺģɱˡ
ݻǲ
Сݡ
ͻȻ͡һЦ̧ͷЦעֿ磡ʲôʱˣԶҵĺø磡
Ӷʱһᣬᷭ͵ſ˫۳ݱȥ
Сݣ
Ҳرס磬磬˵ǶԵġҪΪһǿĻͣôܲɱأķʽҵ뷨һѧϰŵ㣬ıԼԭ򡣡
֮ӽԺ󣬲ܷʲô£Ǳʲôӣ㣬ҵĸ磡
ݽסʣݵıݺģСݣҵĺõܵܣ
ֵӵ˶˿Ƕ֪Ϊ޼Ѫϴң£ݺ֮ѷ졣ǶģݻΪ¼ǺҶԼԹ޵뷨
ڣֵǰӣֽӵһÿ˶еů
о۽Ǿһᡣ
ѱݻ٣СߵٵԵ£һƬҶڴ£
һ̣һܵڹٵƮϰգҹɫС
һ֣Իֵܡ


095 ε
һסֵܡ磬ںҹƮˮΣͬˮ뺣ҹɫͺҹΪһ塣·ĶкҹĶ֡ƫƫںҹٵҹҹһеġǣÿһ˵Ķ䣬ҽÿһ˵
ò˵оһַźܸŮˣһÿ˶ĵܣ飬ֵ⡣ֵͭܶԱ˴ͶƵĿ⣬η޵Կ˭˳۵ֵܽһͤԲֵܵʤֵܵĴŻһЦ
һеһУڲСһеһУܵ
ӣƺҲΪΪźض衣
ֱһϣ˲Żι
ͭĹ۾뵽ʲôܣʵأ
ԣ˶סǵġͷƺˡ
ȥæʵСݣ˵׷źأû𣿡
ܣûС
Ǿˡźضˣȥأ
룬źˣи˻š
ӱСӲ꾳Եȫûв
ҡҡͷָ˲ѵˣӱиʦ
ɫʱһ䣬Ȼ𣬹ɷﲻźأĪĳϣ
ã϶ˣ
ͭǻʲôǿȥҵ
ݵǷͷȥңҵźţšԸԵĻΪţ
⣡죡

ҹˣڰԽŨԭҵ¹ԵԽ
ٵϲ࣬һͰɽͷƽͻͻģ·ĳλսһ
ʵɽи֣Իɽ
Ҳи˵
˵ɽԶʱΪɽȡΡΪԶԶȥһͷաֻھϿռսս˵أշɽһľβնȥֻʣƽͻͻɽͷʴ˶
ʱɽͷˣһź۵߰ţһַֻϥǣԼվȥܳͷ󺹣ѳƶͺͷϴŵһ׹Ҳбб
ҧѵվ˫ֽ׹ڷָסϵһͷ˦Ժ
һȫɫ۵ߣ¹ܿǳªª˫ֲУһģ
ԵˣԼҼԳɳǺ͹ɷųʩա
Īϵı࣬ҩȴڹɷ˽صġ̤꾳ãȴϽ뵽˻꾳ڣǵĪϻ鵤ĺô
ʩ˵ʱļⶶϵбĵɫŧŧһϣһˮɨЩŧˮߡ
Գɳʱ̶עԼǱ費ܣ̡Ī¼ȻˣѵһЩҩ˻ɣ
ʩƽ˵ˣ첻ǲ㣬˱㡣ľԶעҪĪʦܳˡ
Գɳ۾˶ڣʩգҵȷ֣㲻һֱһƽɵҲȴ³ˣ
ⲻǰСʩҡҡͷ̾ʮǰҺҮʦ֡Īʦճӣȴճǵ˸ϵɽկΪˡұǸϲ徲֮ˣҲܽ¡ҮʦҴһ񣬾Ͱ֮λøźˡźǸҰ͵ˣ䲻̫ϲƢԣҮʦֵͽܣҲҮֵܵĶˣΪʦʵ룬ճǵǰΪǵļһɷŵֶҪɷűϿȥźصĻҵ˵ʵʦֵܵѪ
ʩص̾ϢһҮʦ˶꣬ĪʦҲˣʦֵֻʣһˡԼƹɷŵȨɱʦܣٲʲôԺڤ磬кĿȥҮʦ֣кĿȥʦ
ԳɳǵͷʩյĿоһ˿ͬ飬ף顣˫ָȻ˵Щ˶ף²λҲҪشѹʹ˶ַ֣ͼɱӻǺù
ʩƵ˵ôأ˭ʱʱΪΪƴһҲΪһ⡣
ǰԳɳ̾ȴ֪ЩϼһΪǲ˶ٴƨɡ
ɽͷϵĻܹ죬ǰһ̻ƴһˣھȻ˼ҳ·Ƕδѣ˵¡
ԳɳǣⲽߴˡҲɽǻлᡣֻҪǣס㣬ĶǶźءźصڤڶɴȻǶˣѽˮ꾳Լҳһ˽꾳⣬һȺ꾳ͣһϣҲźصĶ֡
ǰҲ©ˡǧ㣬û㵽档û㣬Һϼ֮аջźصġϾųˮ꾳ˮ꾳յĲ죬ˮ꾳ڡ
Լ˶ϰɡĵĹˣʱˡ
ԳɳǱ΢΢һЦû˵ҲûԾ˼
ʩ΢ͷ۾бôǵմѪô˵Ǹϲ徲ˡ
Գɳ۾һĿǣ©ˣҲ©ˡ
ʩʵ©ʲôˣ
Գɳǵ©սʤʤ㡣
ʩյʤ㣿ึԣеģô㣬Ҳֻ㵽һɡ
©ĵطʤɡ
ôĿ
Ѿǫˡ
Գɳǵ˵һ䣬µһʱһεŷγǿ
ǰʲôıͻȻ
ʩ۾ſЩЩ㵡
⣡ôǽ⣿Ҫֻ֪н˽꾳ͷųѵԳɳǽ꾳
ܣԳɳǳɾ˽꾳ͱˣҲźذоߡ
ô£
ʩգܽУǽӲ£˵ҵʤǲɣ
Գɳ˵ͬʱһоҵķȻҹлһɫ
ģͣ˫޾ϣ·֮Ψ䣡צҹУŭʩգʩʩյʱߣվɲǼСࡣ
ϣɰϵ֮ʩڶݡ
촽ţǡ֮ŭϣ
㣡ǡ
ǣԳɳǵ˵ͷǵѪҹʵģǻʼ֮Ѫʩգ©ĵط
ʩϵļ鴤ţ۾ϴ󣬵ⲻ©ˣǸ㲻
Ȼ㲻ǾһƴɣʩգһУɱǹ
໣
ҹеĽһ˫۽ХųʩȥܳβҹУܵβۣýԽԽ͡
һ̣ҹĻ¿䣬ҹֻ˰硣
䣬һƱ仯
Բʮأܿ⡣
ʩ֪Ҳ֣ʹսʤԳɳǵһ
ҧָͷ󵶣ȫĻΪۣҲʹһ
Ѫħն
ˮ꾳ѪħնǼӳֹӡģʩʹֹӱ˰ٱ
ɲǼ䣬ʩյɷ֮ǹͷ£һټѪ˼ڤţһ֧֧ȺӵĹ˿ͷϵĽ
Ѫ֮У͹ƴɱ
ǽ͹ƴɱʵĶԿʼ֮ԴԴϵɷ֮ԴԴϵĲһ𣬽ɽͷҫһһ졣
ʩռѵĵֿţƳһҹеββ΢΢ڶ֮ʱܱ̺Ϣβӿȥ
ǡǻʼˣԳɳǵлһʵǿȡʼǿ˶ˣҲֹˣʩջǵһ򣬿ѪħնʹûлʹĻ޷β
ҲûֶΣͻȻ¸ֳһѪɫ棬黯ʵ
ʩյǻѪ
һͻȻԾ𣬽µġѪʱѪҹеβȥ
Ѫ׼ȷĻβϣβйһ㣬ƣƿӣӿӿ


096 
ƶȻֹͣʱܺ͹֮⣬֮ԴԴϣʧֻǳ¡
ԳɳǾ
ԭпȡʤջ©ˣ©ʩջһǻ
ʼ˱жϣĽƲܳζ
ʱʩԶԶһ޴ĺɫ
ɫžҵ¶ȣǿƣ纣Х㳯ʩպĹ˹ȥ
ڳԼ֮ʱʩձ˲ܵʱԸӡ
ʲôôǿܣǻ
ҧҧͼѪٻأѪΪۣܾȻġ
Ҫ֣ȴסһʹࡣ
Ѫסʲôأ
ԼĻѾľһ뱣סһ뻹׸
©ˣ©ˣ©аְ
ѵźǱҲʧ
Ⱑ
ʩãȻͷŲ졣
Լǵңǻ굤ǿߣʲôʸǶ˵񾩳еЩʼ͵Ķǻ굤
һǸǿߣǾ˻ʼУһʲô
ɽɽⰡ˦βжշɽĻ֮˻ɱʩաһУɣ
ɽõĹ֮ذ
ʩϣֳҸɫ
ɣһжˡ
ҵҲǹɷŵ
һ̣ʩյӳյͨ졣ɫϮûɢѪݻй
ǰͻײʩϣд˹ȥһХ
໡
ʩͻȻ͹һ£Եڵء
һжˡ
ʩյ˹ɷŵ
ɷеĻȫ䣬ʣµһЩפɵ徳ߣԼѶһȺСආֵһᡣ
ԳɳȫǴ죬Ჽߵʩǰ׼Ϊʩպ£˫ۡ
֣ʩյ۾Ȼˡ
ϻһ˿΢Ц
ʩպܳǸªˡʱԳɳǵȴһǳӢˡûߵĿ־壬ֻо׵΢Ц·ûֻǳ˯ˡ
Գɳǰٸн̾ʩհֻΣ˴ҲǳУֺγ֪ںˣҸ˯ȥӴ˲£徲ˡңҵΪƣΪƣһֱƨɲȥ
ԳɳվʩյϹ
ǵˣʩȴûһ˿⡣Ҳ֪λѾµĵˣҪأҲͬû˿⡣
ÿ˶ԼҪȥĶͬĺ֮·棬ֽ͵ɱɱʱޣʱһĳЩʱȴȫһĽ档
ûôܿܡЩʱ̣Ϊ˱˴˵׳
죬ڵ䡣
Գɳǵ۾ȴȻ
ʩҳǸڹؼʱ̸ʩһˣȴʲôûп
ѵԼиػҸھӣֻźǰƤܻ˼ɸֱҡλ߸ϵֶͲҺЩ˲źãôܻ˰бҡˣ˭أ

үү

Գɳ˼ʱһȺ˴˷ɽͷ
ԳɳǵġɱǹʩյġѪħնֳ̫󶯾ԲʮﶼܿâԼ˶׷׸˹
żҴɽǣԳɳǺƵһЦǶˣû£ţ
ͭʩյʬһ̧ۣžҪȥ˭ѵʩգ
Գɳ̧ţסͭҪѾˡȥλǹɷųʩգúðͰɽϡ
䲻⸸ΪҪ˺ʩգҲöʣȭǣ
ʩյʬһۣʵʩӦˮ꾳ǿ߰ɣ㡭ɱ
ԳɳǸ룬˵ɱûи
ˣ
Գɳƿ⣬Ҳʵ˵ǶԸǷͬѡźأѵѾսˣ
޼ʱҲɽͷԳɳǵʻ޼ɵûܺźؽ֡
ԳɳЩǣ漴˱ǣֵо֪źѾˣʵоôģ
޼ɵСݻźءǸϵʱźѾһϢˣɱ
СݣԳɳǾһֱδֵСݣô£ѵˣ
޼ŬŬ죬̯˫˵ò˵Ǹͷ۵ı̬ţѾ꾳ˡ
Գɳǵһ⺢Ǹ̥
˵ҲѾ꾳۷ˣʵˡ
Գɳע³һ䣺ҲǸ̥
˵үӣûô˵ġ
ڲҼ㣬ֵΪˣ뼷Ҷˣ
סо֡Ϊź£׽࣬оҲôĲ䲻ˡ
оһֶۣԳɳǵҺоĻھͿ쵽ˡʱҲòүΪүүʵүүѵҺүүа岻ɣ
Сʶ֪࣬ҲͷԳɳǴӣһģģ㵥ǹƥоƾģҾԺһоõġ
ģһġүү
Գɳһ㶣зʵ⣬ġҲ֪ΪүүжΪսʤɷŶ˷ܿġ
һͦɻ󡣾Сݽ˻꾳źˮ꾳СôӮأ
Գɳɻ⣬Ҳɻ⡣ΨһɻģΨ
֪̫ܡ
оСݺźؽֵʱһֱԱ߿šС꾳æǿĻˣźػǴϷ硣Сּӳӡڻϣźػܡ
Գɳǵɫ仯ʱûʲôһӡ֣ԳɳǾʯˡ
ԳɳһĶͷּӳӡڻϣ
ԳɳǶȣż˵⺢ȫӡҿԺô죡
о۾үүСݲźˡˣʲôԺأʵҾãСǶԵġ
⡭Գɳƿԡ
оһˡݵӡʹùӰоıоȴ޷ıԳɳǡǲͬʱ˵ĴҲǹͼֵ۵ľ޴蹵
үүүүʱҲɽ
СݡԳɳתһͷ˽ǵʵүүû°ɣ
û£үүû£СݣҶ֪ˣ˻꾳źأǺģһԼܻʤȫˡ
Ļһ˵ֻҺ͸ôǹɷŵĶ֡
Գɳһ˫۾ţشʵСݣղǲ㣿


097 Լҵ룬Գɳǵľģ
ݳֻܣʵʲôǲң
ԳɳһЦû¡
ţ̯ƣʩյǶѪݸݣźأʩյĻ͸ˡ
˶һ֪ʩյĻ϶ǼñԳɳǾȻôˬ͸ˣ
⡭ʲôûнӣֻʵ
ѪǻʩտշСܷˣ㲻һֱĽ𣿾͸ˣ
ԣоǶѪһۣг˿ȡܸȤֵĻѪΪʲˡ
ܲҪԳɳǸˣҲٶˡ
ôõĶүүȻ͸ңүүԼŰɣݲҪ
ԳɳЦҸģšҵӣүү͸ӶѵҪܾ𣿡
ǺðɣˡݽӹѪȻоһɿȵĿԼ
ƫͷоһۣоæͷ
תתԳɳ˵үүѪˣǲǾˣ
ȻĶȻ
ϣ˸߲ҵĳо߹ȥѪݸ㣬Ѫ͸㣡
ԣֹоȣڳÿ˶Ǵһ
ǻȻҪȻˣ
оæ֣СݣҲҪôصĶοүүѾ͸ˣ
үү˵𣿼ȻҵĶҴ㣬Űɣ
УҲƽ޹ʵҪĶ˵оѪȻ˿ȡ
ôƽ޹أ˵㣬ҸҪˡֻһ׸磬ԺҲֻôһɩɩһֱΪʲôﷸأڣүүǻңҸպý軨׷𰡣
Ȱ㣬°ɣѪĻһ˵ҸɣǲܷУô׷Ҹ磿ʱץסҸ磬Ҹˡ
ݵ٩˶
⡭оΪѡҪȴֲҪ˼Ҫ
סоо°ɡȻС͸»ǲգǾǿˡ
УûУоæݽ͵Сݣ˵ܿϡ
ݵɩɩ£
оһɩɩеͨ죬ʩ˫ֽӹѪ
ǾͶЩˡ
˶һЦͤͣĸ̾ηη
ԳɳǿһĻۺ룬⡣
ˣԳɳݵ˫ģȻźغʩնˣǾɱϹɷţѹɷŵɽͷΪǵԼҵأٽӹܹɷճǵĲҵ
޼һתʵүүǴճˣ
ȻԳɳ˫ֲɽµççҹȻƵ˵ԴСȡӢھǼ̶ң˹ɷţ˺䶯£ȻͻᱻճǵЩ֪ȻˣֺαؼˣȴӹܹɷճǵĲҵӴճǣճҲԼҵһϯ֮أ
ԳɳҪôһҪãһ̣վɽͷԵԳɳ˼ʮ꣬һָ㽭ɽա
ԣ˶һ󿺷ܡ
ճǣճռһϯ֮أ
ȷԼ˵룬Ϊ룬ңɼԶĹɷҲ˵˵ңǶ൱谭
ûˣɷûˣԼǰճǵ·û谭
ĿԷһˣ
޼ɵɫϲޱеԺɫȻڲزסΪĶԵͤ˵λ峤ûԼʧԼҲûʧɣ
ͤæҾѡүһԿңⱲǵľ
ҲǰɷŶˣңֻһСɫ
ųɲ廰峤ҵĹˣӢϣұȱĺãҾ˵ˣԼһֵĴȣ
˶ųɶ֣Ц
ɽͷϴһˬʵЦ
޼ɿֵͤҵ˵ˣԼҴү˵Ļʹүү˼˵ĻȻЧճվȽŸˣϵĲҵͽǻͶ
ͤϲһۣæ޼ɾϹлү
޼ɷˣԼˣˡ
ԳɳǹЦ޼˵ûһͬǾ֮ҲӰҪϵģԼҲס
ɫҲҪʱ׼Һ͹ɷȻˣճĲСصӦңǿżң̳͢ĳңҼҶڹɷ֮ϵĽɫ
ֵ˵ǾµĹɷŶˣѵǲɣ
ǲ¡ϸ룬Ǿ¹ɷţΪսʤ˹ɷţǲģ˭ҲҵԸɷţֻôڱ
ݲ廰үүⲻȡ˹ɷŽճǣҲĶԸǣлɳá
šԳɳۺ룬С˵
ˣ²˳٣ҹռɷţ
ǣ

ʱšֻһ΢ҹĿ֦ܷһɳɳɳ
ɷһɽУںͮͮģ·ȼܻ档
ɽдССϰٸѨĳѨУһŮĴʯϷĺɫâӳյͨ죬ƳѨֻĺ
ŮüĿ㣬Ƥ׾ŵ˫ϳһĽëë΢΢̣һ䵶۾ʿһºȹͷһᴩС
ûãŮӳһ۾
һ˫˫ۣ·һΧʶ˹΢Цվȹµһ˫ȱֱ޳
һ˫ȣ۾ĽëһС
ҪʿŮӣᱻסĵطǾ˫ȡ
Ů˵ľŮˡ
ˡûйʦڽ꾳ˡ
Ů¶Ժ뽾Цһо޵
ʦȥˣԼӦѾ˰ɣ
ŮӳȥЩ˷ܣЩʧ䡣
ϧûһȥûгˣɱ޼ɡݣĪʦͲĪʦ岻Ҳڻӡ
ϲǲΰŮӣѻָŮװ塣
塣
ѳӱݣӽֻһ֣Ǿ塣
ָŮҲٰˣΪģ¸ģŸԼϵϰ߶ǷݷΣһŮҵ飬ÿһÿһ̬ǰȻࡣ
ǸᵭȻĹӸ磬õĴС㡣
תۼ䣬뿪ɽߵ˹ɷŵƸߵ㣬һƬɽϿٳƽ̨
ɵӶʶкִǹء
վƽ̨ǰˣžķڴʩպźصʤ֮ʦ


098 ֮أȣ
ûе̫ãɽ±㴫һЩ˷ܣɽȥ¹ҵɽ֧ӡ
ֱ֧ɽ˹ɷŴǰӱŴҫ¿Ⱥ˵ģ
ʧɫΪǰ֧飬ǹɷŵˣ
ͷʶԳɳǣ
Գɳҵʶ޼ɺ
⡭ô£ܲʵϷӦߺ˴ˣסţǽ
飡顪
ԳɳǵͬһƬʱ俪Ȼҵڵء
лм⣬ʱĹɷһ꾳ĻͶûˣԼɱţ
޼ɺͷɱħħû˴ԹȥԳɳǺУеĺġ
ڶк磬ɱˣ
ûӦֵԼңͷֳһȥҰءռɷź͸ϡȱˡǿϹ˳Ҳһ£
ԣĳЩ
ԳɳǵͷͻȻûǵͻʩճ϶սҪģɱۣ˳ģԱס
һɷڵӾĴңܻи翹ΪźؾҵˣеͶˡ
ϣҲûץסӱˣԼͣ
ϯʱɽƽ̨վ˽һɫıӰŬŬ죬ʱųǹһһĳȥ
ھֻ֮ʱ˻ǹĴȴȥ
꣡꣡
ƽ̨ϽѪؿڱճһ󶴣浹ء
ɫתȥҲûǿһۡ
ǿزôʦҲҧվɽڣûգæ·ӡ
Լ˽ٶȺܿ죬ѾɽҷסɽڣΪľץסӱ޷ɽ·ܣֻصɽС
ɽֻӳץʱ䣬ܸıκ⡣ÿѨҴܣڷһѨȻͬģһϲǶ˽ȥ
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Ȳĳ߹ȥһͷϣʱһ塣ܵ˾޴ĳȫܶһҴܣȹƿͷҲɢ
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ԭȷĲ³һȭͷСɫԲȴһɳ죬ͣҡΣ仯һƮ˿ȻֱۣһֻϣΪϵƷ
ԴʱԺһĹâһ̣һϢϴˢԺͷʹѣʹ״̬ͣؽűǿйеϢ
ȣԶ껯ɵ顣
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κϴβͬʹ֮վ
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˵ղţ֮еĻԪϢ˲꾳ڡ
ıѾ޷ݡ
ҵ죡б䣬ҵоһ˳ˣôɾͻ굤ֻʱ⣡
˷֮࣬ԼԽ棬ԺЩ䣬뿴ʣµǰ˱ʲô
䣬ֻܸܵһƣȴ޷ϤҲ޷աֻּһоʵЩͲ֡䵽ͷʹѣƣߣҲֻһϢ
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ڳܲסˣԺ׹һĵ¡
Ȼʹ࣬Ȼܣĵϲȴϳֵ쾡¡

үү壬ùãǣܵǣǡҲܵһֻ
޼ɣݣҾŹǣ
һξӨ͸飬۽¡
ϵ۱ʯ
Ź⡣


099 ѰҶ츣
źغʩս󣬹ɷȻǸɽϣɵҲҹƮʵˡΪûһʸɷŵĴԿԼңԼȡʤԶ׼ˡ
֮أõĴʱԼѽɷųס˶ģǳˣϴڵĳ̫٣ǵԳɳǺǾںź󣬳⣬ɷŵӶͶˡǰǰ󣬾ٶͶߡ
ԼȻеͶߣԳɳǺѡͶĲ˳ԼңֻΪ˱סһˡԳɳҲֻʱ£պҪһЩֶοЩˣЩ˿Щ˲
ɷǽɽϵģռܴ󣬱ҵĸۡҪࡣԼȺķֿһǲιһʤʵ˽һʵѰһֱδ¶塣
ĻѪֶɱʦ֮ǲҳԼ˶Щ
仹ǺѹѹһƬ˼µһʱѾԶˡ
һðźɽǰͣܣĻľǺɫġϺɫɣɫ֦ʺɫҶεĻ꣬ۺɫĻ٣ˮɫĹβͲݡԶԶȥЩɫȾȥһýˣŻᾪȵķ֣ǻľɫ
ݳվԼĴСһۣض˼ľĺܣǲǻԪŨȺܸߣӰЩݲݵѵǹɷŵĶ츣أ
СצԺκ˿طĵһоһΪԪŨȸߣǶ츣ءֻҪһЩ֮еܸ֮ܵˣ֮ϡЩĻľӦΪɵġ
ݴǰĶѨ̧ͷʺӡǲµû¾ǹɷųĵط
ӦǡСͷȻӶͳһ룬Ƽ棬ʱʱСǷͬǼǻԳħʰȡ󣬲ûԼţԳħΪǺСЩ䣬ͽ軨׷͸Сˡ
˵ڤڶɴݣûСָ㣬ݺٶȲܻô졣Գħ͸СҲлˡ
СԴﻹĸһּ䣬ʱʶ֪Գħһأǳϲһֱá
Сݸ磬ʼ㼰ʱϵû͵Ϯǹɷųϣүү϶вġүүʱΪʲôϣ
ݵ˵ɱźأΪԼ˺ܴĹٰɱʩյĹҲǲðɣʲô¶ҪиȣȻＫط
Сݸ磬ǰᴦˡ
ǣⶼǸŸ޼ɸѧġ˵͵áֻһ˼ճɾͻ굤
꾳Ѿˡˮ꾳ڤڶɴڻľ硭Ҳµûɷ϶иŨȻԪصĶ츣صģȻźزôٶȽˮ꾳ңҵˣǾܾĽˮ꾳Ȼڤڶɴչ
ݺС꾳󣬱뿪ڤڶɴǰѸŽϣȡŨȵԪغˮԪأ޸Ҫʱ򣬾Ͱߡ˲ˣ֮ڤڶɴš
ݸյõʱڵĸʵҪǰǿ࣬Ҳ鹦ڤڶɴеԸϣ̺ԪغˮԪʹָ˵ڤڶɴһ鱦أ˶дõıء
Ϊǰǿˣ˱ǰڤڶɴе֮ΪȼϣƾݵշСܷٶȲܿ죬ֻڻٶȡ˼俿ٶȱȴҪࡣ׷ôʱŸźأȴѾźǰ
ݶڵ״̬⣬ֻܿЩҵ̺ŨȻľԪصĶ츣أо֮·ͲóˡȻĻܲܳɾͻ굤Ǹ⡣
СѾ˺ܶ෨֪ÿŲͬķöˣԴõˣٶȾܿ
֪һо۷ĻͣҲָľ꾳꾳Ļͣ˼൱ǿ˵޵еĴڡֻҪɾ˻굤˼֮ϡͶ֮䣬л֮ʱʱ̿ܵͨ˵ӡ
ڻ굤֮ϣʱȥ롣֮·ٶȿ֮𣬵Ҫһ̤ʵأһһӡ
ӱĶģѵѾ뿪ɷˣһӱݾͷʹӱ֣֪ӱţһ첻ץסԼ˵Ǹ޴
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һһɽתƣػҲ֪˶ٶѨʼûзʲôмֵĶǳʱС·оʲôһѨ
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ǲ͵ˡһֱС治ģȥɣ
СݣСݣʱһӶ⴫ҲݺС
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Сݣ㿴ô£Գɳ˷ܵЦݣȻѾ֪˴𰸡
ʹɣտе֮ʱԪϢŨߣѵǡ
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СͻȻãɣҪȡ֮
ֻ˵ĺӣѾˡǶѾ֪Сһֻͨĺӣһ꾳ͣõĻ顣
СɫţæʵСôˣ
СݼΧʮѪһȦɫѿȷǹɷŵĶ츣أԪϢŨȺܸߣǡǲã


100 Ի͵ʤ
С϶üʵǲãΪʲô
Сͷ츣زȻγɵģΪõġõķ׵ҲͰˣǣЩѪĶ˵ľѪĸŨȻԪϢҲǴ˵ľѪɵġǿȡɾˮ꾳ͻᲽаħ֮
ԣ˶͵һ
аħ֮
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ʱĪ޵ģźĳ࡭
ԭˣԳɳǾɷžȻаħɣ
Сүүаħ֮ȡɣҪܴĴۡЩ˵ľѪ츣ءֻͣȴǲʹˡ
ԣ˶źԭΪһıȴû뵽һֻɽ
ݲģʵСȻ츣ΪõģһҲа취취࣬ѵ벻ʲô
С̯֣취Уԭе󷨣ƿѪصаħ֮עŨȵĻԪأµѭҩǣûиŨȵĻԪΪְ
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СҡҡͷͷųĻ޷ͷųŨȵĻԪذ
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СۣǲܵģΪǳѪ
Գɳǰ˰֣̾ϢʱУʱĪǿ󡭡ˣʱˣŪŨȵĻԪ˵
ҲֻˡҲ̾Ϣ
쿪뱣סѪصôҾͳȫǣѪصؾǵĹأһŮûпǸˣֻһȭͷСĺɫԲ
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ѪصϿյĺҹΪԲѪ죡
СͻȻ˾޴ĺҵ죡ػ飡ſ£ȫſ£
˲֪С˾ż׷ſ£֪Σ֡
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ΧɵοռǶڵأס䣬ϵƤͼȻΪǾҵⲻη壬屾ܵķӦûŸòŵػգǾͱ߿Ѫˡ
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ܰ޵иѾȥ÷ǳ΢
УУžͿҪŲȥͬ飬ûСָʾݿٵ˼ϣٴδ߶
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Ÿָһһˮϡһ麣ˮ󣬳οռ¶ȹȻ½˺ܶࡣ
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˷ܵͷһͣʱһзɳѪصϿա
һ֣ʱų׹⣬ֻǳǰ׹һۣ͸ܵһɺȻ֮ڵгȫӽֺӵͷгܡ
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һ̣׹׹Ѫز䣬ѪҺ衣
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ԳɳŴ죬пû뵽û뵽Сݰ治֪õʲôڶսʤźأѾеˡźأ򰡣
ԳɳЦˣЦĺܿġ
ΪʽڶԿҺ͹ɷŵսϣȡ˻Ի͵ʤ

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µһ졣
ѪصظɣԼ˻ȸԾɷд󻶺ʱ
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屳ɷţﳤȥ

ѪصѾɣ꾳ͿԽȥˣԳɳǵ˲ûмǼҴҵĸϻԼҡ
Һ͹ɷԼҵĵ̣Գɳǻкܶ黹ʹ顣һ֮شֻае¶źˣüٴλָˣܰ
һͣһˡ
ԳɳˣҲһȥˡպҲҪؼҿﱨƽ
ÿ꾳ˣ־һս͵ǷһϢˡ
ݿԷɣȴС꾳۷ڣҼ꾳żʱ뿪ڤڶɴȥоͲġڻؼҵ;УӶʧˡ
ѽڤڶɴ꾳̡
ͨɷʱһЩԼҲ֪ݵһЩܣ֪ݵĸ꾳ڤڶɴһȥڤڶɴ
ֻǲ֪ڤڶɴʲôã⸡ʲôܡ
͵սȻԻΪھʤĲϻҲռ˺ܴıءԿһǿǿҪľͻÿĻ
ǺԼСУһ˿η
صԼҺԳɳǺһ˵Ⱦʹﲻͣţǰ˽ȥʱУʱԵ÷ǳæˡͤҲҴҵĴӴĸ֮
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ڶʱһ֧ĵ÷æԳɳǲòͣеĻȫȥǰӭ֧飬ֹͣл顣
֧ǰ˵ˡ
һ
һǡ
馡


101 ô䣬鲻䡣
ʱȻˬ˿˿ֻƤϷͷ·ļ˵ĿȫߣһִӹҵĿо
˫ֱסףڲݵϣɽĿѵõ¡
żһ紵伸ƬݻƵҶƮƮݵͷϡϡϣҲȥŪֻһȻľܡ
ʱ򣬾ջ񼾽ڴǵĸܣȥʱŲʲôźÿһڣÿһڵĲͬ顣
ɽǰԴԴϵҶŵɫȹһɫ۵СһС£ʱߴߴؽ̸ţʱһЦ
ȻҶȻҪСúܶ࣬ЩʹݶĤŵ˯žǴСѾͷ﷢ġ
ݽ۾һ죬Ǿʲôôġ

ѾͷȻڡϡ
Ǽ򵥵ҸССĿְݾЩϲˣƫͷͼһƣܷ˯ʱ䵽ͨԺĳϣһŷƶ
۾ԼۻһŷôԼأ
ϸԭŷʵһˡ
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ף޵аûԷԼЩ֣æվһ磬Ծ˳ϡ
ŷǰϸش˼ۣȻ޵С
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ϻΪʲô㵱ѣѵʲôԲҵˣ
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١ڲǰˡڡǻ꾳ͣΪŽ湦үүڶ֡ҡҲֻһСɵķϲ񡭡
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ۣ޵ͻȻվŵҶˡ޵дض㣬Ҳϻһһˮۿ˵ˣ̫ˣˣ˵ôɿĻʲôӿǸҶӣҺ˵ٴˣҪָ磬ĺϱֵ˶ȥˣֻǲǣҪ޵и磬֪ô
ȥ͵һţ޵߷ɳȥ
֪Ѿˡ֮ǵСĤѾͱ
Ȼ޵񲻵һӵϵϵỹûɣֺǺǵĳܹЦֵܣˣҺúñ㣡
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޵йŤ״״ô۸С
СƨҾ㣬ڵ״̬ܶģĵ굤˿㶼ܶԶ֮ң
޵еֵܾûһȾˣҷﻹһƿϺõҶ࣬ҪҪԣ
ݷ½ţʵ͵ģ
У޵й۾˵ǲ͵˳
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޵ȥߣ
̧ţĶ޵Уǰ·
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޵езݣҲһҶӣԺ޵и磬㡣
̫ˣָãҶС֣ЦС㣬һȥร
СͷҶקǰȥ
޵ŷֵ׷ҶҶӣָ磬Ҳ֣ģҡĲ֣


102 ү
޵зСһᣬԺһ±ǰţ޵ȥҲʱһϲүҲڰʡٵȥˣүȥ
޵ָԼıӣʵûɣүүµĵطȥȻȥ
΢Цŵοɲ£Ƕүˣһ
޵ʵ
үԼˣԺ˵
޵кݶһү
ԳɳһھԼҸۡεضʱʹˡԸжľϵĵطӭĿˣҲԳɳǺͶǵ֮
Ϻͽֱֵһᡣ
ûнϡ
ݺ޵һǰԺӣ͸ܵһׯµգ޵е˵ЦҲȻֹ·ȥͻܵͷһƫƫû˸ʱ֣ȫһַԱܵķӦ
ǰʮˣұʮˣɫսףĿбӡԺΧʮźɫսףͦվţ˴˵ļȻǱһģһԵ÷ǳмɡ
Ѿ꾳ϢĲ˺ܶ࣬ʱͷ֣һٸˣȻǻͣ
Сݵľ𣺡Сݸ磬Щȫǻͣ
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Сֵ㷢ûУһٸУжʮˮͻͣʮǻ꾳ͣ
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˿ȥʮһżĿȴ¶ƽ׽ˡųڱںڷȥǳ˳ۣΨһ˸е覴õľǣںڵĳУ޳İ׷ð˳ؿڡ°ʹ˺Ǹκ˿ȥ˳۵ˡ
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СȴǡҴϸܲһϢǿϢǴվŵɢġ
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ʵʲô磬ܲó𣿡
ܸ֮ܵǿӦûȫëףסϢľ̫ȴ޷жʲôΪ
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ţİ۾խխ۷Ĺ⣬õ˵ڿʲôѵ̽үΪɣ
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лү
͵Ŀݣүү˵ʮꡣᣬ־ǹɷźȻֻһСǾҲһôҲ벻ϣȤĺݡ
źȻֻһС⻰ڵԼ˶˿Ҫ֪źؿЩԼŰֱǲֵһᡣ
ȻǾҲеġϾܿһٸʵģֻн꾳ݺԳɳǵˡ
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ݵͷЦһǰˡǼҪȴû뵽Լ°ˡ
ʱԳʱԳң˵Ҳʮ⣬õڵռЩ
ԳɳǵүûаһԼңǾ򣬶մȾ˻Ժ϶ԽԽð
Գɳȥζ˵үӣĻѵ𣿡
ԳɳЦЦתƻѱƲˣֵǰ;Ҳˣү
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񹧾˵ǡ
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ǡԳɳЩΡ
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鷿һϣ֮ǰɲǼȫűԳɳǣҾ𾴵ĿǺ塣
ԳɳǱ⣬ת馵֣үˣɱϷˣ
ûƳԳɳһۣɱƨ壬ֶһݣɶ⣿
ȫүӣ˵㣬ԳɳǿЦһûүǾֻһĴ񡣡
Ӵҵĺ壬͵˰ɣǰһƨ鰸ǰĴ£ǰ׷ôЩȥˣզִģҵѾˣ㻹ԭô
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һ˾һˣ͸ѪŨˮͺʲô֮֡
壬£˵ʵҲ̫ͬ˼ұϾһ֮ǲͬҪĳЩ£Ҫǰǲףˡ鶼ȥˣҲټƽˡԮæͣĸϹˣ֪Ϊʲô
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壬ˣ壬ֶҪôнүϹˡ
㣡СӡԳɳָ馣ȻЦ馣ڶүƢԣ
馹Ц°ʹĺЦұˡҵҲˡʲôã˵ֱֱȥӲĨǣЩýˡ
úúã˵ʲô£Ҳû뵽ԸԳɳ鰸һߵ
馵ϣԼĻݣصͥ


103 馵ĵ
Գɳ¶һĨˣЦбҪôôˣҲûȥˡ˵ҲˣȥҲﳯ͢ʲô
尡ҾͲò˵ˡǴˣĶأȻҴһ㣬ͭһҪСɣðɣǲ˵˵ǣǲŶ㣿ǻڣĲƸԴΪֺֹһİ㿴㣬뿪񾩵ʱ꾳ôȥˣҲŻ꾳ڡûлʼҵĶ츣أо޲꣡ðɣ㶼ôˣҲͲ˵ˡҪΪĶ밡Ƕǿǿˣһۿ񣬾֪Ǹ֣̣˵Ҳǿһ˶ǿЩأѵǸĻ룿һӴھôƵطһλߣ
馰˵ҲеʵҲڴˣλûдЩӣǴֶ计ǸСƨʮ꣬Լ£ѳ֡Ǿ˲УͶЩһ֡϶ˡҲˣǲǣҲŹ
ԣϲоҰڳ˵̫ˣ
ԳɳǴӣȻˣһôȥҿɲһӷɶ˻𡣡
΢Ц壬ҿûҪسֻ͢Ҫڣֶˣ
ԳɳɫһݣùĿ⿴馣ʵ˼ǣҪҽ馣
ߵԳɳǰͷɫ࣬ֻԱһңһҡҶʮֵܣѱ讻ɵʮˣʣµļѾкϣͬ顣ǾˣΪɵҲ֪ǻ壬Ҿʵ˵ˣǵ׶ӣ讵壬ȻѻλˣҾһͦСҪ𣬲һ·ΪԱ˺һȻǻʵۣ˵˻ֶҴҲģҲģզզأ
㣡ԳɳЩָ馣ָǸˣ˻ɫ
Ц˵ˣҾһˣֻ֪棬论һ壬ҽһֶʵۣҵү˴˾ˮˮʲôĴҲ͹ˡһ˲ô𣿿ãλ꣬͸ɵʮ壬ǵķǱΪһ
Խ˵ԽȻ鰸ϺݺһģȵҲҵʹ粻ˡڣТӣŹ֣֮ܶǵҵͷϣңҶҲ׸Ϳ̿󣬹ˮ죡
Ϳ̿Ǵ粻ϣİ
û취馼˵ôһӹĳСӵʵۣԺͿ̿»𣿡
Գɳһ馣¶췴ˣ
馳ĬƬ̣£ǵûСֻǣ׼ҲЩֵһһͻȻʲôûˣԸڷޡ
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Գɳʵһﲻ࣬һʵãΪʲôҪң
̹ϵ˵ʵ⡣ȻˣҲȥǣ޼ǣʲ붴츣أϰһѱͲܳΪǿߡ˵ֵֻʣ¶һˣƣԺ淢ʲô£ݰסӡ
ԳɳǰһۣС˵Ƿʲôˣȥӻʢĺܣܵó⣡
ĴȣЦǣϵ׳
ԳɳƳһۣ㲻ٴ𻰣˼
Ѿ֪Ŀġ
馿صĲҵʵԳɳǵơ
̫׵ܵܣʵ۵ү
Ƶȷڡͳݣպͳ͢ʲôͻԳɳţȷҪǿܶࡣ
馿ȥһˣһˣʵǴϸΪӪ
馽ؿԳɳǣþòػڰͲסʵ壬ǴӦˣ
ԳɳǵûӦ
һ£ֵҲӦ
Щ壬㵽ðɣֱһ㣬ҪŴӦ
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Գɳ˵óϿң̾Ϣһ̱ĿαϣðɺðɣֶǸ㽻ˣͿǿǰɡûӦҵʱҲ˵ȥʲôʱͨˣҪˣңš
˵ţڻͳʮϣһƹҪҪҶ㼸ĶһϴһҸЩ
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馵˷ģǣֿﻹһѡ
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̯˫֣һ״û취̫͢٣á
Գɳͳƣ
馺򶨵˵รҲǼٵģҳǿͬһʽ
ȥԳɳǽҹȥȵˣ

ڣ򡰰̵ʱԼҲΧһԣѧϰʵʵܼ򵥣ǶݶԡΪѯʵоʱٶȿ
⣬Գɳ֪ûи߶ǣ¶ǲ˰ΣȥѰЩ츣أ
Ľ£Լ˶֪ԭҪٵо׶Σͱ̺ŨϢĶ츣ء
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ʮͷͣС˶٣ԼСﶼ弶Ҳһʦɡ
ʱҲǵЦݣʵ磬ɹˣ
ûлش𣬶ǵһӣһŻɫĹâʱ֡

Լ˶ʱ󻩣ȻҲ꾳ˣ
ǲûо̫ãϾֵǵ̫ˣƺѾϰߡ
ûʲô𾪵·ˣ֡
˶ӵҲЩǻͣʵλǣ
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ԣĶʩ񣬵ˡ
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Ѹܵ˴ͷųǿ˵л͡
ʱ޼ɴ߳ɭɭ˵꾳ˣǵҲи˶ˡ
תǡʲô£
޼סħϴԼҵǳԣ;үүͣδֳʤ
Цˣɻ˵꾳ѡ꾳ʱ㲻սڻ꾳ˣսʲô˼
޼˵Ϊ꾳ʱ򣬲Ҷ֡
ԣһ㶣Ҳһ㶡
һۣǼҵС˼
ЦôЦˡ޼˵޼ɣڴǰ񡣡
ڰ֣ЦҵǺȤǱԡ
лˣ޼ɶȭӦս𣿡
ЦΪʲôңҾ£ʤ֮䡣
޼̹Ȼ㲻ġıԣҾԻȫԸ顣
⻰޼ɵ˼ǣʹʮǵʮ֮
´û˵Ķ֮
ȴ壬ãҾԸͺսһˣҲʡԺҡ
޼ɭɭ˵Ҫ˵ˣҲ顣
Ȼǻʲô
ʱ馺Գɳһǰһ˳СΧһȦ壬ԳɳǺǸʲô
ʱǰԳɳ˵һ顣꾳ʱԳɳһϲ޼սʱԳɳǵɫֳȵ֣ڴˣǴɱɱɺͳ
Ҿϲ֡ЦŵǾ͵űһҸ֤˭ҪЩ
⡭ԳɳЩΪѡ
棬馲òڸ̬ôã
ȻԳɳΣӣ̾һǾͱһɣ


104 źͽ͵һν
ͥԺʱڵСݲۣݵһƬƣǶһƬ̣һ̴ӵĵ̺
𽥶ˣҹٵĿˣ̫ɽʱǲԴԶɽϦӳ̺졣΢ᴵҰɢĵķ㡣ոոׯڣװһһıС·һ·ߣҰջȻҡŻ֦ɽ棬Ҳ·ϦͿһŨŨ֬
һҶͩͩƮ䣬絴ƮҰԽɽ˿ھۼĴ䣬ɽһլԺһһͥԺլԺһͥԺϣԭҪ絴ͥԺϵɱ֮Ũܣֹס磬Ҳʧȥ˼Ķ
֣ƬͩҶԼУĵļ
ܹе΢΢ͩҶõᣬȻУְĿͶɱ֮ͥԺԽıԣмЩǣЩڴ
ͥԺΧ뻮һվһٸ׵ǿҵɱ֮Ǵɢġ
ͥԺ룬Ӷ
޼泯Ϯɫɫ£ϵѶִ̽ͨںڵħһ˫ɫƤѥϦӳ޷
Ŀ罣ֱķ˿罣޳ָ罣ˣҲͬһѳʵı
泯һͷ̤ŽƲѥɱڵ޼ɱĿҪ͵Ķˡһ⣬Լÿ˶֪º͵ʵһĮпġ
޼ɵᣬǱ档ᣬȴǱʡ
Լ֪˵ľ̫󣬼ûǻһ˿ڴ˻ɱʲô̶ȡ
馺ǱߣȫǱһֿǰĿ̬һ꾳ڵĻս꾳͸ûκοӡܲ
ԶԵľʳ̶ȣǸûжڴ馺Գɳǲţ馱ĿԣʵԳɳǶСȻȰԳɳŹ϶𸴡ͥԺУվվ˵˵Ĵ򣬸ж
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ǻ꾳ͣвĻѾ߱ԺͻԣһʹʱɸߵۣҼл޼ɷȥ
޼΢΢ͷƿһۣӣַסħƳԼĹʱת˦һиϡִӱһ֣̽͵سǻնȥ
һһѽųɫĻâڽıγһ̵ʣиơǻ۶ɵƼΪƼӲʵƹͣ⿿޼ɴӽͷųԻ޷ֵ
һ̵Ļͷųȥ󣬽һİ׹׹ǿѽײֻ̻ͣһ٣׹ȴƿء
޼ɽѳ㲻ͣնʹʮƾ޼ý÷飬ΪԭʼĻɱ
̾ǿĽǻƾô׵ĻˣССֻͣһ꾳ͣȻͷųôǿĽ˲ţ
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ֵճǳһĽרޣսճǼճܱߵнͣһܼǳΪĽͣ͡޼ɡƺţĪǾ
Գɳƫͷ֣΢΢һЦԺ˵⽣޼˵Լҵĳ޼ɡû뵽˾ȻճСط鶼˽⡣
ڰ֣̫ˣ˵ʮʮһʹ¾ûˡ
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ǹϲϲˣүֵһ󽫡ԣϵĿһЩԳɳͨˣڣĳŮǵʵ۵Ľ򣬻׹ݣǵֵȹ۲۲ˡԳɳǵоõԳɳзǳеλ
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޼ɣڵҿɲǵ㽻ʱˣ˫һʱʹѿǰתֵס޼ɵĽ
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Ʋɵʮϵķ˷뷨һζķءΪڷĻԼܻ޼ץᡣǼȥȳŹʮ޼ɾûˣʱԼ׽ܡ
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105 ʮĽ
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һ޼ɵսΪѾ꾳ˣڤڶɴնɱСܱѧǰ֪֪ʶʶˣҲḻˣȷԼʵ޼֮ϡ
޼ɵʮһʹ֪Լˡ
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۾ź£˯
ԭò׳һúһȴû뵽ˣò˯Ϣ
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109 Ļ֮ĵ
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ء
һĵֻǰ࣬ǰ̣һĺ󳾡ΪݵĽꡣ
ʵǱ꣬˵ֻǴٵһ̣ͬǣǱɳꡣ
Щ粻ϵȻ磬նɱγɵ硣
ǰˣִӭ磬Ȳ
ɱ̫ˣ˽ڤڶɴжãҲûȥԼնɱ˶
ڤڶɴУ·ֻһֻֻϣУݾǷڿеӥ
ʥɴ
ӥȴӲԼצӣʱʱĽһץצС
ӥŭˣ˲ͷųһǲֱӵչ¶
˵ڤڶɴе磬һ硣ԽԽϲƿһеĸо
ء
֪ףһҰĲϲļһʱԤıŽƷǸΪ족ĴڣݵһĲ
ЩϷĻɱǶʵս飬ʵΪϹֽסֲҲ͵ΪºѰ׼
ֹȻûϹЩжݽ£ûг
ҲἱھºȥһҪС顣
޼ɸĽȻֻѧ˸ƤëϬˣնɱ͸ܲһ
һֱûѰʺԼı֣֪кܶܣһҲڤڶɴһǸĻ
֣ὣ޼ֽ̡޼Ҳģĵؽ̵ȻʮȻǲᴫڸݵģɱﵣҲʦŷԸ⴫Ľ
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ݵЩæˣǾͿȥɷˣʱˮ꾳̡ǣԺҪճǺЩ̣ǵʵҲǲġǶ꾳Ҳڤڶɴ
Сϵ˵ԲС
Ϊʲô
ڤڶɴܣ֪ԽԽá
ǶԼˣԲ˵ȥġǡ
СҡҡͷСݸ磬ⲻβε⡣˶ӣǶ˵ȥܱ֤©Ϣÿ˶ÿ˵Ըеϲ˵λе˺ƺ˵е˰Լ׽˵޻̸֪ܱ֤Ĳ˵©죿
⡭ü⵹Ǹ⡭
ǣֵǵľԼҵʵ޷ǿҺ͸緢ˣԺѱõĻᣬվǲһֱھġԼڻȵסǶˣô죿
Сݸ磬̫ǶˣΪ˿ǡС̾
ݵ֪ͼⶼ̵ģҾҲǶԵġ
֮ǲͬǽڤڶɴȻǷҪˣҲû취ֻķԸ
СԴС㲻ͬ£Ҳȥ
СһмĹ⡣
뵽ʲô취ǵʵ
оؼ֮ȻǽڤڶɴǾֻп鵤ˡ
ȷǸ취ǡȻƷ鵤ûвϰ
԰ûϣҲȻ
ݾɥشͷãͷͷϹڵԪϢͻȻһа취ˣ
Сʵʲô취
ָЩԪϢЩǾԪϢֱӽʳȻ鵤ˣ
СͷСݸ磬
üʵΪʲôЩǸŨȵľԪϢֱЧǸһЩ
С͵ΪǾԪϢЩϢжԪ֮顣ʳȥЩԪ֮аٺһ档
ԭˡǣȰЩԪ֮أ
Ȼԡǣ
ûа취𣿡
취Сǣ⿿ǵЩ޷ЩԪ֮˺ġ
Ҫʲôſԣ
С룬ĺȻ֮ˣ޼ͷųĽпܽЩԪ֮նɱ
ǡСֵ޼ҲǲҪ֪ڤڶɴܡ
۾һ·뵽ʲô˵ĽնɱԪ֮顣
С˵ͷǵġ
а취ˡݵһЦ


110 ߵĵλ
ɫɫС񷤡û죬ֻһ㲻ͣɫһǽںɫûеأֻããĺɫˮӿһ˴һˣӿκˡ
ѽںɫȻԾĿһĹâ𣬴ӹնһɫӽзɳնɱűиϡ
һ̣ͻȻڿУ͵һȻһźɫȦ˳ȥ
Ҳ֪еĽǲǴģҲܿ϶취һá֮һ԰ɣѾͷŽЩСķеСֶ࣬ðײá
СõĻ飬е飬ȫûҪСοСӵĸ׵һּ䣬֪ҪݶöࡣݲŪܣСأ
ݻҿ϶취ܷɹʱСϵ˵ͷСݸ磬ɹˣԪϢеԪ֮ѱݻ١
ԱϣС죬촽ԲԲ㴽״泯ԪϢ
ԪϢҡ£ҲܿƣСѸٵ
ػС֪裬ҲִֻܡͻϮʲôģѳױɱ£ûҲݡҪǵģղصĽնɱԪ֮飬֪᲻ʲô벻ĺ
Ŀǰһжãͷͽµûгʲô״
ԷЩʱ佥ţСǵùĹĵĶҲˣԾصСϣſ죬һŻ״
ۡ
һľͷײ𣬾ȻһʮɫĵС³
ջصϣϸϸһ£ϲʮʮƷ鵤ôһСԪأȻʮƷ鵤̫˼ˣ
СӣϵĻɫëƮСݸ磬ЩɶǸŨȵľԪϢֱЩԪϢɵĵȻˡ
ˬЦһͺýˣյļţһƷ鵤ǣҲ㹻꾳ˡǽ˻꾳Ҳȥɷˡ
С廰ǽˮ꾳ˣǲǻҪҼˮ鵤ľ꾳̣
ݵǵȻ
СӣСݸ磬ԼΪ㣬ʵ֪Ҫ٣ǵĹˡ
΢ЦǵĹ˲ŶԡЩɶƵġ
СһεӣҾŬɡЩԪϢҳԵ̫һοԹ죬Ժһΰɡǿ˵ˣƵһͲˡ͵ǳǲڤڶɴʱ򣬿޸
ݵͷףʵΪҪܰһͰһɡ
СϸֳһĨЦݣСݸ̫ˡ
Ǻǡ΢΢һЦ
ʮȥо׵ĴϲѾǳӽˣʱСѾһƷ鵤ݽЩ鵤ʱӼĳˡ
ݵغǱڵһЩѾΪ棬ǣݸĿǰҪĶ
һƷ鵤
ѾˣݸЩ鵤Ǹһ˵ģǹ׸Լ꾳˵ġ
꾳۷ڣÿʮ鵤ٱչһ󣬾мϣ꾳ʣµľΪͭ޼ɣнҪ꾳оηЩ׼ˡ
ݵٶֻԼ˶жѣݵĸм֮ѴﵽݵĵزΪĹؼݸƷ鵤ģаѼԼһġ
ݶӢھٵңռɷţһԼ˶ݵ̬ȷ˾޴ĸı䡣ڵݣԼ˷ǳߵĵλ
ԣǳߡֻһЩ¸صĳ˲ϣ䲻ġƫƫԼĿУʡ
һУݿԼʵһŸжģ֮
ƮɫСϣСվǰˣĿרעź棬鶼ǳࡣ
һ󼫺紵ݵ½ǣĳСĻɫĳëĪģһɪ֮ڶ
ݿڵǶ׼ˣ
֣ص˵û⡣
СҲû⡣Сݸ磬磬ֻҪע⣬ǳŲס˱ǧҪǿ
ݵͷ֪
Сȥɡ
šݳһۣߵ˵ͷһԾˡͨһ
ͨСҲ뺣һںΣһ絰ģĻɫסǵ壬֮ϮЩˮų⡣ɾˣǻǸо쳣ĺ䣬¶ȸǾѶֿһֱǰվסּоѸ򺣵ȥ
ֻ״̬ǲάֵ̫ãҪĴﵽĿġ
ںеǣʱ÷ǳҲ֪˶ãҲ֪ȥжԶǾһֱΡ
εĹУ˺赲⣬Ҳûʲô谭⵹ǵ֮·˳ࡣ
ǰ棬װӿԽԽģСӦʲôǿϢûУ
Сûκθо
ʵǸֵΪʲôزѵүһܹϢô
СڤڶɴеȻֻͶӰҲںܶˣѳʵʣֺµֹǧͶӰе죬ΪԲ͡и֣ͷˡ
ɻʵȻôͨΪεźأźûи񼶻Ҫεֿ
СźʲôһҰĲ޶Ķˣ϶ִĳЭ飬ǱΪѡ
ݵ˵ͷͬ˵Щ
廰ȥǰ취СֵܲϢǾĿѰңҲǸ֡
ǰССݸ磬ǻǳɡԽȥ¶ԽͣڵΪܲס
̾ϢҲֻˣȥɡ

ݱͻȻһ޴죬ͻȻӰû˹ȥſ죬һźɫŨ


111 ݷŭ
תϣʹӰƣһźɫĩ
ȻЩȣڤڶɴɱѾˣû뺣ԽԽ
ЩЩҲ֪ǲ֪ݵǲ֪ĴڣǾѾǱ뺣ףǵʤҪ࣬Ȼݷ˽
Ҫ֪ƽǿݿǱܶܲģ
Щƫƫˡ
ձݻУʮӰðǷǻצһƺȻ
⣬󲢲һǵɫĻǴɷԵĻͷųĻ󶼳ʺɫ
ȻҲֻԵĲɫͬˣû˭ǿ˭֮֡
ɱʹѿɱԼȻ֮ǰҪǿϺܶ࣬ǰͬҲǲһ
ҪսȥСܵһϢԴԴϵĸ֪Ǳƽ
һֱСĸоҲԥ磬ǿȥҶϺ󡣡
ʮĨɱˣֳ˼ʮʮϰٸЩ֮УȻɻ͵ѸеγɵĵˮıϢԽԽ΢һ㱻ߡˣСҲòȥѷǳϾ
ȥǶᱻ㲻ҲûԸǣСݸ磬磬óֶЩصϣ
СڶͣԳħԽԽִɨΧסԼһȦȫһ֮ʱԳħһ˶ֵĵط
һ̣ԳħһͷһƬɫӿϺзﾨɱЩԿ赲סһǰĲ
һֵС˺ľ룬ԴԴϵĳ֣׷Ϲ
ҪСߣԼ˻
䡪
һɫľ޴򺣵׷ȥһ¡¡죬ɫСʷϵһں²˹
أ໣ǰţҽţɨ󣬶ѻΪ˻ҽϵʸûˡ
һץסᣬص˺棬ԾС񷤡
µĻ̫ڶӣһﶼǳһ̤񷤺ĴϢ
СؿڣûȻǻ治֪ζԸں¼ǻֱӻڤڶɴҲǲеġ
˵ǸᣬҲ϶֪ղŷںµ¡Ϊʲôأʲô
֮ܽǸǳĿǰʵû취
ǰСƵ˵ֻٵȵˡ
Ҫȣܾˣߵǰˣ档
СһۣʵСݣʲô
ߣһŭڵ˵ڤڶɴˣЩҵūֻε£ǾȻ͸Ҷ֣սҵȨô
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һ䣬ͻȻԾߺȵҲɱʮݣ
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գ
ͷųܺҲţʹƣʹŭп񱩵޲𹥻
ݵȾҲݵľٶסĿУһǳº͵ˣԵҲЩĴӶԸʱͿó֪ˣֻǶ廳֮ģЩǺ顣ͬʱ֪һ㣬ݲŭãһŭ䱩̶ȺͺֶξԲ
ӰһΣʱ̤ϰ裬ʹֻҲԺµ
ݺˣСȻ˺󣬽ԳħٱþԳħͣغź棬һһĲΡ
һĴ˾ֱǴһ˱Ƴļơ
ǳ˺ܾãֱƣߣҲȷȷնɱʮ֮ڣֻûг֡
Ҳֵϣˣ֮ôһ£ΪչʾԼȨͰԵ
Ҫ֪Ҳˣҵϣǳ֣֮
ʮΪϣΪҽΪ촷ۣվΪǵΪ˴ۡ
һɱ֮Ƿƽ˾Щԭǵ磬þֹˡ
ƺڤڤ֤һ㣬ȭͷӲ
Ϊ
һǸǱں׵ǿڣֲòıԣԽСĽһЩˡ


112 ˵ס
ͳʮˣƵա
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껹ʮ죬ĴС϶ɫĲ򣬺ƮĲʴԼҸۡŵƽʣ߸߹ңϲһ㶼ڹꡣ
ǹ겻ͬǣ򼸺ȫֻΪһˡĻ֮һԼҳŮСоĻ
ǻǰһڵʱоĻԲ˺䶯ˣԼһҶһĲҵԼǧ˿ƵĹϵ˶ǰףأԷŵƽʣΪ˺
ϵϰ⣬ܱߵһЩׯ׷ǰͤǴ˼еϺףءճǷҲˣȻǶԣʽ塣ԼھٺãճȺҲֻһС
ճңһճǿ֮֡żӦҺͳǿ¼һЩȻһЩļ壬ʵҲҪȹɷǿһЩ
˴Լ˶ǵдҲΪ顣Ժճ˴ʱҲܻݱɵˣĿǰԼҾǰ̬ڵ̫ߡ
Ҫôϯ϶ǵƹ޵ģоƹݵĴСӣḻСѾͷ˹ΪϯϵľƲһΣԳɳǲϧѪճǼ¥˼ײʽԼεĻų̫󣬳ʼȻһٶԸطɵ£ǰ׼ãҲоƹݵӣûгÿŶӳԾƵξ档
ٶ˶£ͳһϯǳ֣ǳɡЩûбԼ룬ûʸҲܳϾƵǣҲվԸͷп֣档
Ҫ֪ѾܾûгֵֹĳˡⳡһһȵӢᶼ㲻ʲôˡ
ɹ٣Ÿͷش컨⣬ϲݴҲǷǳϲ죬࣬Ϊǣ
ֵԼˣסԼңԭҪʲôġоţ߹ԸھһȦٻظӭȢ
һжǳ˳޼ɺܰǣͷΪһĳϿ򶯣ںҹǹƥȥӪоĸ˻棬Ҳʵֵ̹Ϊ˳ĽоӴԺʹԼĹ뷿ԳɳΪ׼·ˡܶԺҲıȽԶҲͼ
Ůʴ˴ӴԺоͱˣҲĿںšȻСԼҳԼʮˣʴ˱оˣʵΪԼˡ
ֻԼҵĵλҲܸˣʵִﵽ˻꾳ͭ˵𾴣ұ˴ҲִʲôʲôԼң֮ԺһˣϵŹͷŽѪŨˮ顣
ľ͵ľˮҲֽţƾȺͣҲٶһһơٶ꣬ȻŵסԴȴЩκˣЩͷ
ʱ򣬵˴һΪһƵĸˣݣЩγˣȦĶûûˣԳɳǷԸͭлƺΨֺͺȾǰһģһľˡȻϲ΢Цٱֲ˵Ҳ˹·ƽȣ⡣Գɳ뵽Ľ˵ףءףصĹУҪƱյҲ֪պ˶ٱ
źţ벻֪˶ٴᣬΪЩƾͷ¡
ʮǰŶͦŴ򣬽ԼҡԼҲĻ㲻ûܵݵ۸衣һŮŻѣİҪôĴۣ
ഺڣȥؿշһһҹĥκŮ˶˶
ûУеѪעϣΪľôһ죬ܳˡΪʲôһֻϣܽĳ󣬳ΪһйӺȢӣƽһ
ʮӶˣҶΪǿеĻţݴԼ˱Լҵ׼ңԭһۣȴޱȳ羴
밡Ǻøؽ㣬һýңôӵģҵĺý㣬õĽˣһðңҹܹҼǸĳСӰɣҶҪҶӵʮ֮һҾ˰Ǹ°
ļ仰ÿһ仰ҫÿһ仰ǶʮĬĬĻرΪһĸףûʲô±˿佱ԼĶʱõĹٸΪԺˡ
һȺСµ붴ٴһᡣĿͻȻޱǿյԺ⣬һִûгеĿ⡣ڵģһʧɫĻһ˵ĸоֱһŮڶԼĵˡ
񾩳һıǰ˰ɣܷ뵽ҹҲǰˡվǵ͹ҡûߣȻĻȥһķ⣡
漴ƱڴУͷһͣһҾȫȽ˶ˡ
㿴ڵһᾪȵķ֣ĺʱ㣬ֱһģһ

ܰڷϯĴͥԺַǷӶ⴫ĻǴ˷һ˸ǹһˣĻ֮ĵ˶쳤ӳԺ淢ʲô
ʵо˶֪ҪôȦСɣҪôһȺýһЩͼĳ򣬺ò֡
յĽǣɹǱȺ˳ôͽ붴
ֻÿЦҲֱǰˣסݺ޼ɣЦҽȥһȥˣߣҺúúȾȥ
ҲЦ磬Ǹ⣡Ⱦȥ
ʱϯѾеƻˣͶȥʣµĶһЩδˣԼҹϵ΢Щ
˵ͤׯˣռûߣȻǴٳһ磬˳Գɳ̸һ̸¡
ճǵĴҲڣͻȻԼңǶеǳ棬Լƾʲôڶ̶ʱڲңճŷɥĹɷҲˡԲߣֿԼǷʲôܡ
Գɳǳ˸ۣݹʵ˲֪ĪǱɱҲ֪Ӱһ֮У֪źغʩյϸڣԶԳɳǵĻݣԼݵʵʵǲ֪ġ
ûб¶꾳ʵ˶Ϊֻ꾳͡
ᣬʮߣʮ壬ʮ겻ѳΪ͵˴һˡ֪ʵѾ˻꾳֪θ롣
ߵĲˣͤžƱԳɳͤԳɳ£һ׻˵ֱ˴˾˾ƣͤ˵¡
ֺǺǵЦţ˵Լ֮ʲôҾֱֱȥֱֱ˵ˡ
ԳɳҲЦȻ峤лֱ˵
ͤһһֳۣݸɱǧһۣԼѺоΪݺܰʲô㺣
Գɳۺ룬΢Цҵ£ҿСݶҼܰûʲô˼һķϣҲûἰ¡
ԣͤ˫һԼҾʵ˵˰ɣҼСŮĽĺܣҲݱ⣬ǿܵĻǾʹٳ£


113 Լϲҵᡣ
ǧӢľʾԼ˶£Զ飬Գɳǲеֻ֡ȻЦ⣬ɫȴЩ粻һʱûдͤ
κ˿Գɳ⸱飬֪仰Щáͤ٣һ֮ԹɫıȻڻ¡
Գɳǻ¡ͤţиĿ˵ԼҲ˼˵үݵĽѾã˹ϵҲǧϺܳɣүΪӣݾǽΪ׼ңһ׮£
ͤ⻰˵ĺˮƽˣȻҪݺǧϣǰݳΪԳɳǵϳΪԼˡһݺǧϳɻˣȻԼҵӣͤҲܵݵһǱ޵Ů
Գɳۺ룬΢΢صͷϵɫȻÿ࣬µǿáϷûʲôǶŮ鳤飬ҲֻԼ˵׼ǧ϶СжӣСҲǧĻкβأ
ͤϲ˱ãֻҪԼû飬ǾȫǺӵˡôһ죬׼ңǾйˣһʵҲ׳ٱ
ԳɳǺЦ峤ˣ
ͤæٱƣЦҾһ
ȣԳɳҲƱ
˺ȵ𾢣ȫȻ֪ԳɳǺͤЩʲôȻȻ֪ǧȴ֪ġ̲ס͵͵ĻͷڿЦԳɳǺȵʹ죬֪Ѿ˵ˡ
ǧǸ󷽵ŮӣԸˬֱֱȥ˵´ӲĨǡͬȥųɵĵʱǧϱչ׷󣬼˶֪ǧ϶ݵİ⡣
̸ˣǧסݵĸ첲һ
ѾȵκˣȫȻûǧǵľٶʵǧϵĹϵѾǳˣǧϵǳõѣ֫ϵĽӴҲ㲻ʲô
ƴţǧϽյݵĶߣСݣϲ𣿡
ʲôݵǷܣû塣
ǧϵ޼ɵһۣڿĵĺȾ˵ЦֶݵСݣ㣬ϲϲң
ˣɵĿǧϣȻϲ
ǧһϲһ죬Ȼòԣƺû˼˵Сݣ˵Ĳϲ
ϲʲô
ǡǰǧԽԽͣöһ㣬㰮ң
Դؿǧϡ
ǧϽŵѾˣٹ꣬ҲҪ׵ʱˣѵûԼ
ҡǧϵ˼ʵ̫ͻȻһʱ֮侹֪δ𸴵ĺá
ǧϾһ̬ŤŤ˵Ҷ⣬㻹˽ҵѾӦˣֻҪҲңҵͰҼ޸㡭
ǧϽץסݵĸ첲ޱȽţǰǲ㵹˵
ɶ񣡼ֱǿɶ񣡡
ǧڵȴݴ𸴵ʱȴԳɳǵıȡСǶʱֹͣЦ̸òĿ⿴ԳɳǡֻԳɳŭ϶ݺݵƲŰݡ
ݺһۣ˶ʱԳɳ߹ȥûߵĿȴʱԳɳǵüͷֻϾؿš
Ҫ֪ŮĴϲ֮գȴƵھϯϴɼޱȷŭĴ¡
ԳɳǵߣԳɳǰվһͷˣһүү㱨ʲôõϢүүŭ
ɵʲôõϢȻүүڻϴ
ˣԳɳǵһЩȻܷŭ˵Ѿ˽ӹ˹ɷճǵĲҵЩҲûʲôɽ죬ԼҴϲ֮յĽ죬ǽӹܹĲҵȫߣ
ʲô޼ɵ˶һ
޼۾гһϸ죬˵ľ⣬ʲô˶ߵģ
ԳɳǳճǴǵǼȥѹ˵ճңȫв룡
ɶ񣡡޼ŭһףأһճǶֱ֣̫޳ˣ
˵ţ޼ɾҪЩǳȥ
һץס޼ɣ޼ɣҪ嶯ԳɳȥүүķԸ
ƽʱһǳ򶨣ҲȨһ㡣죬ǾƾͷԭֻΪڸĵ췢£ŭɶ첽ȺȥŭȵֱдǶԼҲҵҾ޻أ
ãԳɳһʱԵͭߺȵ죬ס


114 ̫
һ¿쵽޷ֹ֮ʱþɵ˵ǡ˵ʱ٣ʱ족µ˵ͨǡѸײڶ춣֮ơ˵˵Ķľ档
ԳɳѾȥˣͭҲѾˣݵĳȴ޷ء
ϰٵðŻƹӰǵصĳǼճǴϯȥȻŭؼʱҲμסԳɳǵĻûб¶Լ꾳ݣͷųĻǻɫ
ݶ죬ճǴӦԣ׷ױãǼϯӰƴ֧飬Ʋ˺ľмضǡ
ݻҪٶ֣ͭŽס˶עȥˣ޼ֳû˳ħݺһնճǴǰĽһȻǳնȥģҲǺʧˡ
ճǴһӻ׵վŭȵʲô˼
ʲô˼һЦͺȵҸ»֮գԼҴϲ֮գȴûճǵĲҵڻʲô˼
߾£ô֪ʲôʱ£
װ⣡޼ɾָɴμǵᣬǡȴ͵޳ֱܹ޳֮νճǴҵķ緶𣿡
ҪԣĴӣݺ޼ɣԳɳԶԶĹҾ˵ԼһƬǰףأԶǿͣԼҾ˴͵ģ
Գɳ΢۾һ·ûں˵
߱Գɳǵ񿴵÷ëתת飬ֵǵĿǾģҲǽ췢ġʹճǶˣ¿һ㶼֪
ݲм˵ֱſڴƻƣ
Сʲôʸ˵Ϸ˵һһ˵ǶСëͣ
ȭͷĿֱ죬޼һۣ޼ɸ磬ȻǲЩСëͣǾֱӺȭͷ˵
޼˵˳ҵĽιѪ
һĻһЩδϯĿǶ׷վһߡһڣôԼҾٰⳡ磬ǰң˫ͻϡ档ҲˣԼھû˶ͷһٰûల¡ȴû뵽Լ˾ȻճǷ˸
Ϳìˡ
Ҫ֪⼸ճǴճҵݺ޼һ֣ǾǽճȫˡһЩԼҲмᶨĵĿǼƲæͷߣһ±ճǴǼסľģ·պԼߵý⵽
Ȼ˶٣ͤӵȴһûᶨվԼߡǺԼһ𹥴ң̶ֺ͹ɷžսѾһ𣬾ߣҲƲ岻˹ϵοҲԼƲϵһΪǶԼҵΣ档ԼѹסճңճǷչǾǾµˡ
¹ܼң㻹ԽϵԽСЩС˵ôϻʲôȻʲôˣʲôūţѹǳ¼ճô꣬һֱ޷Խżҡ
ճǴ߳һˣӵ߷ǳߣճǴмҲ¶һԴӢƫƣָߴָ࣬ߴ䡣
ߴ࣬ע˵Ľʵǿ׳ߴ䣬˵Ӣ˧䲻һ˵Σһ˵
żҵһʮˡ
¹ܼƲżҴһۣһżҵүǳ¼ҵĹܼҡԣūţҲֻǳ¼ҵūţֲżСүѵҡԼҶҵĴ̬˶ӣҳͷ˵ҳһС
ЦҾ¼ôų
ǰһԼˣ׵ʲôǶԼҵĲҵճЩҵԼҵģǹɷŵģɷŵЩҵģƭߵģڹɷűȻҪջǵĶ
ͫ΢΢һһɵļһԼҵĶȴ˵ǵġ˵ЩҵǹɷŵʱҲֻ˵ǹɷŴƭߵģߵģûжǵϣջزҵռһݵ
һ¾ˡݶһۡ
㡣˫ֱأȻһʢ˵ģ˵һ꾳ͶѣʹҲֻһǻӰƣȻͿ̸Ҫ޻أǶˡ
ݷʵʲô磿
ߣһԺ˵꾳۷ڣΪɾͻ;ˣżΪճǵһңǼҵСǶʮǰɾͻͣʲô
ݵ˼ұһȣ
㡣޼ɿһۣҲ꾳ͣҪǾһϣ档
ȭͷ˵һ
Ц㡣˵Ҫ۵ġ
ˣԳɳ˫ָŭȺ߳ԼҰϲ磬˭Ҽȥ
Գɳǵϣ˿壬Լ˵ûԼңǵĵ̣Ƕȥ˶ԴǣѵͲԺȥճǣǻԴǣ
ԳɳճǣȻȥǽߵĶһǶ³
ɫһݣʵԼ⻰˼Ǻ˺ˣ
ǲʣҲ塣˺Գɳŭȵ˹ɷţʵڹɷ֮ϣǽȥǲԺսԼӣ󣿡
һ룬漴΢΢һЦԼˡ۹ȣ̫ƽʢհҵ˵ʹżһ壬ΪҲֻûԼĶĶǵľϯô˵沦ǵӣҲǳƽˡպǲٲճǣǾ;ˮˮǧҪ˵սô泯͢Ļ
ȻǸͷԵˣ˷˵ܽˣˮ©ļûб̬£ԲᵥԼҽ񡣺οԳɳ˵ҲûԼܴܹɷţʵȻڹɷ֮ϡôЩ꣬һɷžͷãҵʵȲϹɷţʵκһҶҪȹɷǿһҺ͹ɷѪƴˣʧȻأ˭ҲԸ⵱ͷ𼺵¡Ҷ϶żΪºԼҿսĴңǳԻھ֧֣ʵǶһԿ֣İ͵֡
ԳɳҲԸٺ˵ȻߣһʱͿɱճǴ¡
۾ϯѾˣذɡתǵļԼˣĳм
ˡԼǡҲٶͣ꾳۷ڵʵС൱ܳٮٮߣԳɳǰͬһֻϡ֪ԳɳǵƢԣЩͷͻȻմ͵ؽˡ
ݵүүôˣ
⻰ͣ½Ųתͷ˵ҲźʧһĻᡣûϵԺճ棬һ㲹ϵġ
ԳɳѾҲٳ嶯ˣЦһҺڴһ졣
ͬڴָ֣£бϣǰһУشЦˡ
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ճǴ뿪ԼҸۡŻԳɳıȥӻ÷飬졣
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115 ѳָ
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з磬΢
ԸڵƻͨҹɢһܰʵĹâݺճǴһں󣬸ߵ˶ˣΪֹ˶ͤԼصˡ
ǰ˵ȻҲֱֱȥˡ
˳ĬţͬͷŭԳɳһ󣬱ֶص˾ϯϣ˵ļԣ˵ļȣֻԭɢڸϯ˶ۼһ˵˵ģȻȲϰ֣ȴԵøζ
ԭѾȲȥˣղһ󣬾˲٣־ٱߵ˶˼үүѵˣ
ʱҲֻݺ޼ЩԳɳǳ谮СŸ˵ĻԳɳĿ絶üɱʮ㡣
ʶԳɳôãǵһοϵɱ֮Ũء
ԳɳǽžƱȻܾˡͣΪıճһҪȥģһҪһճЩڼΪҵļ岻СԼң

ԳɳҧеľƱꡱһ顣ŭڵ˵ںǹĿսʱǰȫˣܱ֤ǲΪݵˡǲˣȴΪǳɵжҪǳսԸǣҲס
ʵүүǲ뵽ʲôð취ˣ
Գɳǵͷð취㲻ϡֻĸ֡ͣȴ
͡ȴĬĬţȻ۷Ź⣬Ҷˣ
վȻ˵үүˣʾȻȥɷŵĶ츣رչǶˮ꾳ˣʵҪһءʱǶǾ͸еˣ
ûԳɳǵͷźһأǹ˹ɷţҲ֪ɷоȻǸѪصءһ㣬ճǷҲǲ֪ġǾʱճǱߵ£ʱŬΪң㣬ͣǻ꾳Ѫصˮ꾳ˣȫʵճǴһƴˣ˵ǰЩָ幱һƷ鵤Щ鵤ܾͭĽ꾳룬Լҵʵ٣
˷ܵ˵ʱǾճռһϯ֮ˣ
ռһϯ֮أԳɳĹ⣬ɱڵ˵Ҫȫѹȥճǵһ
Գɳ˺׳־ÿ˶ȾȾƲɵʹЩ
ͤһۣж˾㵵ɫ𼸸ǰԼһҵĴѹ֮£һ꾳ͶûСתۼ䣬Ҫ½ּ꾳ͣпܳˮ꾳ͣ
ˮ꾳ͣʲô˵Լں͹ɷſսʱˮ꾳͵Ļǹɷžͻһɵ
ʮӶʮͤ̾ٹļ꣬Ǳȸûжְ
ǵޱǿңֻǵԤ̫׼ȵȷѾֵĵز
ԼȣͤԳɳǾơ
ȣ峤Ҿ㣡Ʊ廰
ԳɳǺͤͬʱȥûкȡ
ɨһۣ˿ЩͷƤ飬ʵôҸʲô
ԳɳǴӣôȾƣ
ɵʵҲӦ
ԳɳǳͥԺȥ
ͤҲͥԺȥ
һ´ϱˣҳףȥ˯ˡ
ͻȻ֣ץסݵļ򣬽һ˦㳯ͥԺɱȥܱߺǻжˣ

˺ôЦԭŭƻϲգֻ˹
ҹ紵գϲ֮Ϊһ塣Ըһ֮ɫ֮УͥԺĶոǳ컡
Բҹ

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һۡſڣվµˣǲվţÿ˵϶ų΢΢ĺ⣬ЩϵѩһЩɨ㻯Ϊһ̯ѩˮ
һ۾խ̧ܳͷңڴ˵СǱߣӦҲ˰ɡ

ߵɽϡ
ɷš
ɫĹâɽϳ𣬷·ֱָգ˰ããĲ֮С
һһҹȥ
ɫĹâһֱֱڶİ缴֮ʱɫȥֳһǳǳɫ
̫ĵһƹâ֮ʱһţ·ѱͦͦɫû


116 է
ʱڣѩƮ죬ճǵǰɫѩûĳвûӦήҲ񣬷ѩУããؼ¶ǣ˷ĸɽһ˽Ҷѵζ
Ϸѩó٣һˣһʰĵʮ𣬱СͣȻżů֣ѩԽԽճǵľǳܼ˿Ҳ٣ֵﲻѩ类ѹĲȵĻΪˮֵǳɶѳƬЩڵѩ顣ѩսڵһʱǻŽѩţ洦սǻⷬˣҲֻȺ֯һٵĿռһָˣȥǰĺɫѩ
ճǶϽǣٶǵֵ߽ӿһ¥СլԺǰһҾ¥Ϊλòõԭ򣬱˳۵ӡǰ͹˳ϰ¥һͷһۣҪ¥Ҳʡ£λ¥͵ȷУ̸һҲû̸£
ϰٴѹۣЩĻ֮ʱһͻˡ֮ԱϰΪͻΪǳϰ庰ۺҲֻۣǽѯһЩܱߵ˷ˬǩЭ飬լԺ
ϰѯҪʲô;ʱȴӭĿ⣬ʶȤĲٶʣǮԹԵˡ
ΪֹһסĵˣլԺµĲãѺǰͬӸҪʲô⣬ǹؾصļס⻧˼ֱʺܴ󣬴ĲϸװʮеūҲʮ׵ĻĳӺʹӵСˣмˮѾͷٲȻһǨӵɡ
һճסַھӱ׷ǰ˷ǳ͵ƽʱŽգٳżҲֻһЩ˳ɹЩб֮լԺĴҲû¹ʲôңַʲô֪
ֻ֪˺Ǯ
ȻǮҲֻԵġճұ㲻ʲôճǶЩסǾܿǸˡ
ȥˣڽַھǶھӲĬԶԹʱ߳һͤͤٸٸѾߣĸҰİݷöǵֵ߽ס˵Լ⡣
ҾԼҳէӦȰݷλκðķӣ̫࣬λʺáҼҴϯλԸƣԺҶǽַھӣչˡ
Լҡһ֣ӡ󡣾ȻǸ򣬵ճǣճǵľвݶֲܱߵļԶԾ֪ġȻ֪طȻҲ֪ھպԼҡ
οǰڷھԼҵ£ұ𣬹ɷű˵ٷԶ˵ԼǳֻҪ޷ﶼô¡
ԭǾԼҰǰҺ͹ɷˣҪѽճô
ôʲô˭һУĸ뵱ˣԼҼȻʵˣճǷչҲȻġ
ճңһװճָԼһ飿
ٺ٣ֲ֣Ҳȫ˵㡣˵ԼԻɷŶˣǻ汾µġǼȻǣԺֶǽַھӣѵܾɣȥȥ㣬ҷȥġ
ǼҲȥԼҶճԭе˿壬϶бǰǸϣͱԼҴȡ
ҲȥҲȥԼճվȽŸǾǵһ׽ˣԺµòչˣճǷҲõģԼ˵ĺףΪַھǺȼƣˣѵȥ

Լ͵Ϣڶǵ߽һǶʱ۷׷û뵽ھӾȻǾԼңҲû뵽ԼҸǰǲǣŽաȴͻȻ磬ͳԷ˵óϿУλ͵СֳŮ·֪ͤͤľܾ
Щкɫûɫ˵СɫĴ󱻺޳Ŷݡ
ɵСǳΪ˸о
Ůʱ崿¶һٸĺͳ죬ɢһ˿˵˷㡣
ճǵŮҪȾϺܶܶ࣬оճǣΪճǵһٸеİμ
ʵ𣬶ǵֵ߽ǾѹΪǶǵһŮ
źźѾˡźк棬澿˭ȢСӡ
ڴڴгһպɷֱŤȻлɳáڴźźԼҵŮǴ⣬Լҵķŭɲġ
ᣬᣡǵ߽˶ھᡣ
ڣǵ߽Щǵľûг̫ãʱѾ֪оɷ˭˭Ҳʶķ棬һĵĳɲŮòСڸҲûʲôŤĿܡʲôŤˣҲҴʲô⡣
ΪڼʶԼҴŵ󣬻ʶԼҵʵԳɳǣһˮ꾳İͷӣǻ꾳ĸ֡޼ɣŮоŮݣǶʮ겻ˣ꾳ͣ
ʵκһϣͣճǴһˣ
ݺֻ꾳ǵʵʵѾˮ꾳ԳɳǻʵҪֵΪ
ҲԳɳһ֣ȻЩ֪ʮ궼ûе˾Ȼˮ꾳ͣǵڶճǶҪΪ֮𾪡ճԼҵʵǻȰǶɱ
УԳɳǷһαȽϳĽòİһϢ͸¶ˡһǵֺ߽ٶǵ߽լҪۣҪ⣬Ǯ̸ҪҪȫڶԼһ˻ھճǵֻǼСһֲ֣ԼҹģԼƼѡԼ£ֻһżǾƷƷõģ͵ģԼͳͳҪʵʮǰԼҾճð˲ҵιΪճǴһԼҹģֻˣԺԼҵĲҵ漰ҵÿ˵ĲܶܵõӡģȻҪȱ˳Ժǲҵ׳ˣȻҪȱ˸졣
˵㣬Ƕһȡ㣬˵Ķ궯ԭǹ磬ǱӦ̬ȣڣԼڱҲչֳ㹻ʱ
ȻǴ˶̬ԼͲֵǮˣҲᱻԼ˿⣬ĸꡣ绹ǼУÿ˶ת˻⣬˵˵ЦЦΪףԳɳǵĶﱲǶƵƵƣȵĲֺ
լԺ¶ƺȻǰΪ¥ʱҲֻܰʮǵֺ߽ٽֵסҲǺܶ࣬ԺʮڷһƴСҲѹѹˣԵ֡
շǳ֡
ԼһǰСƷƷʲô֮ȴһ⣬ÿǱůԼڶǵָ߽˺ܺõӡ
һҹԼ仧ճǣַھӵ±ճǴˣȻҲճҵĶ
ߺҹ
ԳɳϸֳɫЩھӶԼƵƵƣЩĻЩδĺžơ
Ҫ֪ЩھӵԳɳǾǽźصӢۡ
ҹһ۾ȥˡ쿪ʼǾͿԶˡ


117 úѧϰϡ
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ǵֵ߽ƻͨԳɳףصĵ˵ͷȴ֣
Գɳǵջ֮ǰӹɷӹܵĲҵһ
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㲻ȥԳɳǳͭȥҵ£Ҵӣͭһһ棬޼ɣǵ֮ǰ̶õļƻȹҾ¥ð̡
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Գɳ΢Цо»鲻ãӪؼʱ̣ǲò֡
ָԼıӣʵҲûʲô£
ԳɳǵСݣ㲻ҪѧسѧԺѾ㱨ˣȥˡЩӣѧúö飬Ǳؼʱ̲Ҫ֪֡ҶѧһҲܴһЩϢ
סҡҡͷ
Գɳ֣ص˵Сݣүү֣ǲ㣬ǰ㵱
ЦүүҲ˵ס
ԳɳǺɵ˵ʲô
ǵĲҵһһҪһ򾡣
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šݿ϶صͷճҺͳ£ʵһǾһ֪ˡִĵȥǸǻǷһһᣬѱǲӰ˼ΣһǡһҪҪǳѸ٣һҹ֮佫ǵĲҵһֲ
Գɳۺ룬˵ȷ֮ǣûôְ
Ц˵һҹҲһŵ˵Ҿ˼ҪôһˣҪ죡
ãͭĹ۾ȭͷ˵ҾС˵ҪôȻ˾ҪǵģǾͲǵģ
ҲͷСݵǸ֣ҷǳͬȻǿ죬ᱻ֪Ǻβһ㣬ЩѲҵУ
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һһŮеĴһĺڿ۾İСĬĬĶ顣ŮӣĸԺһֳִβ裬ɫıʯȴûж飬ǰչһ˯
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ݵĻش⣬˵ѧ󵽡˵úãҪѧԺѧԱճѧͳϷҲٺ٣ˡ
ݾ˵ܶƢθȤİɣֻҪˣΪѧԺһΪġ
Ȼ֪ǲģ˵Һܿġݵı
ʦͽ˽̸ʱѧԱѾ½½ˡʱһ߷ǳͻ˽ƳһۣͻȻŭ˭ıӵˣȻҵλӣ
ԣ˶ȥ
ݻͷһ˫۶ʱһ
Ȼˣ


118 һֱҪӲ
ˡֻһϵݴʣһ嶤ʡΪݺ˲죬ֻʶѡѧԺô಻Ǻ˵ķΧ£˵ȷˡ
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һ²ôĿЦû뵽Ȼճѧˣ֪༶İ೤
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һĿγ̽ݾԼѾ챻ݲг񾭲ˡ¿Σк׼Ҳкܲ˵ΪͬòҲǱġ
һֻĿתĶŽ̨ϵǸѧ֣ƬĹ⡣
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ꡭһֻ֣ʳָڴǰղָѧѰС
ȥݺݺԼһ⣬ͷߡ
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ǸˣĵĶһЩܹܵ飬ڱƵƿԻҪԼ֤ԼΡ
˽߳ѧţû߶Զ㱻һ
˲Ǳˣ
һô£˫ֱأ΢۾ǹճһĨȣЦݣǵһǰ˵ʲô𣿡
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ϻָɫֺ˵˵ֻҪճ棬һ
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ʱѧԱӴ˳ݺţ֡ʱҲˣȺ߳ҿʼ˵ˣʾǰһйڵġΪˣһҪ񡣡
ݵ½ǣ㲻ҪѾ꾳ˣѧûһѧԱĶ֡ӲʱӲʱ档
ݿ֣ص˵Һⲻͬ˾һֱҪӲ
Աϣ󲽳ȥ
Ҫ𣿻֣


119 ŴĶ
ݳȥҡҡͷ̾ϢһȫûмסҶ˵ĻҪβͼн㣬ҪŸɣȻˡ
Ķ̾Ϣȴǰ˵˳ݣѾָˣǽսᱻĺܲҡ
һȥ
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ڵã˾Ȼѧˡûȴ
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ѧԺǰۼԽԽ࣬ѧԱ֮˶ʵǺƽ£ƽʱҲô˵ĹעƽǣȻ˸ҺŸɡ
Ҫ֪ѧԺʵǿѧѧԺ˵һߣûĸѧԺҲӡ༸ѧԱǰҲ㹻ĵ͵
ѧԱݵжһ˿ֻѧԱǲ֪עҪԲ˶ˡ
ѧԺĵһҪᣬһõĿʼ
վһŽ۾ӣϺһ߽õλǳ¼ҵῡܣΪ¿ƣϵԭΪݻᱻסȴû뵽ݾȻ˿壬һҽսҡҡͷЦڲ֪ߵغСӻǶ࣬Ȱ㣬ˣ
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Сӣʤԡ
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120 
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ݵĿֱӴ۾ϺƣеƫȥɪıӰѩįĽӡ
ݣȵȣ׷ȥ
ѧԺһֱţżԼʵ˭ճңҵСҲǸСͽճ˶ǿͿġƫƫɫҲһֱϡκԼ꾳ڣĶ֣ƽʱҲֻŵӺ죬ȴ
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ҹ谵ķУڴϡ
Ѿ˯ˣȴ־ԼţΪܸܵõһůӿԼ壬ȫҲ֪ξʵ
ůȫʧе˺ܶ࣬ѹʱԴЩģһ־ָ
ͿһߴӰԼǰ
һſľϣ˫ſַڷϣʮ㡣ǸͷƹͷϷ˸ͷһʮۡ¿ȥƲĺӱ䵽ؿڣһ㡣
үү
ͷżҼ۾һεضҲûѯƣʵ˭㣿
֪ɣҲֱ˵ĻشԼһݵСȥھӢϴһӱǸ
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Ѿ꾳ˣȻ򲻹ѵ꾳۷壿
룬ӦǰɡʵҲֻװģ룬ݽֵʱĸ꣬ᶨΪԼӮҲûر۲ݡתһ룬ݵٶȶͦģоҲԼҪж꾳۷ڵҲܺ
żҼӵһ۽Ĺ⣬᲻ʵ
Ӧòᡣ˵һͳΪͣſĻСӡǿңҴˡҵĻԼҵǻơһ֣ʮɸߣȻǼӳֹӡģһֻӳһ㣡ҷʤǻûʹŰܸٺһҾԲ䡣
šӵϵı˵û˿Ȼѧ飬ûвԼҵжС£ҲġҪסˣѾǰʧ档棬㻹ȻʧȥĲֻ˵Ǽӡ
֣ص˵ףڴ壬ʮ˵үүúһᱨѩޣʧȥӶ
˱áúϢһҪ顣ӵ
ʵүүôˣǻҪʲôǲǼʲôˣ
ԼȺں֮Ѿʼжˣһ֮żҵ̣Ҳʧ׻˵ǿѹͷߣȻ˹ɷţΪԼǿˣճǣøţǻҲøšǵɫΪճżͽô
˵⻰ʱӵһȥ˵ˣҲʧ˷Уֻһ˼
ãɫֳһĨЦ
ݣ嶼Ҫˣֻż죿


121 Լҵ
ҹѩ
Ұ׵¹ݶĻѩϣһҰ׵Ĺ⡣Щһ־ͱڰɣ޷ҹ＾ҹҹԵøӺڰ䡣·Щ׹ⶼԵ
ٶǵֵ߽ԼңһѹֶŵС
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ԭΪжĵһԴݶգоڼﱸϯΪ칦ȴû뵽칦ƺȵһ룬⴫Ϣʮҵһҹֱ֮ˡǵٶȿ죬˵ٶȸ졣
Գɳæǰȥ̽ȴõһ˵Ϣ
ԼΧѾճ˶ңͭͼȥᣬȴЩӰ·סܶءЩҵˣΪ͵ľȻǻ꾳滹ˮ꾳ĸ֡
ЩֱߵĵҲ˸ٲȻһָ߶Ⱦ״̬Լһĸ룬Ҳͭǽݡ
ԼһʵѾʱˡ
˵ƫƫڵһͷˡ
ԳɳǷ¾ƱƳһۣͻȻԾɱ𣬳ϱڶȥ
ûڰ֮УҲ֪ʲôһţúֻصС
ԳɳǺݺһӣʱȫųһ⣬ûߺȵԼҵ˽ԺݷãӴŽԼҺÿͣλǹСԼҶλС͵С֮ɱ
̤󣬴ֱо̤ѪҲɷһܣ̽լԺɫأⶢңԼܳܵĵߡ˭Ǳ޻أ
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ߣصλϣ͵Ļ쵰ʵղžͻɱһ
һֱԱ߿ţʵ̤ѲʱСլԺΧϢͻȷܵʮ꾳;ǱԺˮ꾳ʵɱգ㲻е˵Ҫõ˼Ѫ
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ݵ磬Ǳˡ
ЦԺˣԺŲߡүүȥԹˮ꾳ǻֹһ
̾ճңÿˮ꾳ͲᳬʮҼʵ൱ֲˡżˮ꾳ͳסǣ˵Ǻܼ򵥵¡
ݼһţУһ߾׽һߵҵ˼ǣǼȻܱܣ˵¹˼ɷǳࡣ룬ǵʵҪǿ࣬ΪʲôҪ˼أ
˫һСݣ˼ǡȻˣȴģ
ݴ˸ָ˼үү֮ǰҲ˵ұͲϣһҴѧСҲˡ֣ΪߣһһǳǿƵߣǲòʱ֣ѹǡ
ǱסҲͰˡǺƴΪǸǶŸɣҸҴģǾԲңȻĻǻŸʲôΪʲôֱɱˣ£»о޴ʧսУ˴һ֣˭ҲԸ⵱ڻңѶǰñ˳ΪڻңڶԸǵͬʱ˴˵ʱͬǶڡ
Գɳۺ룬˵ͷ˵Ķԣô
ݵȻˣǾճֻҪһжϣ
ԣԳɳǱ˵ʮ㣬漴Ŀְˣ˶ֻ̫ҪǳȥǾ˸١ǼҪ֣Ǿͻ֣ȻǲǣһսҿϣȴǺĲġ
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˶ͷԷȾƣûٳ
Գɳ̾ϢһҲ֪ҪⲻǼ׵£Ҳٱʴҡ
ֻűڲɫ֮е¶Գ˼
ҹ
ѩ
ɢȥʱѵʱ
ԳɳȻû⣬ƣ̾Ϣ߽ʱȴûпи˵ϣѸֳ˽Цݡ
үүѵˣԼҵ롣


122 ѩҹɱ֣ڤ
ȥһꡣָͷ㣬ȫڳ¼Ҵʮˡԭһ֮ӣ̸ͥǴ֮ңҲʵԣ콵ѣʱ͢ɢѾĸɱҲᣬڻʹȥѾû̫һСΪˣŶһ١
ͺܶ¶һʼˣؽ֣ųԱ˵Ĳзʣάһֱֱֵַ꣬˳¼ǰ
ΪճһĴ壬ÿ춼廨ŵؤǰ֣¼ҲûжؤͬģһһȥӼáƫƫһ죬¼Ҽһ۱㿴˺ȫԣΪӵͯ
ȫӴ˷˾޴ĸı䡣һСؤ˻еһԱǸǳǶˣʮڳ¼ڿҿңԼκηԸǺԥִСҪɱˣɱˡҪŻͷŻڼҪĸŮʩҲһȥ
Ϊ֪Լ˭ġΪ֪Լڵһ˭ġ
Ϊ˱Ϊ˼Լڳ¼ҵĵλȫԼǰһ֣Ӵ˸Ϊºȫ
ʱҹºȫҩѲһ飬ȷûκο֮ԸԱϢԼصҩլԺڴбĿиů¯ȴû𣬻꾳ˣѩɽĶǻǻԣ¶ȸߣԵĺ䡣
ΣһѿĴ䣬˫ִڵϣ⣬ţˣǺ޶ԼǱиţǲٳˡƺδ̫СЩ
뵽ϵļⲻɵɳһЩ̾ٹļ죬ԼһͳŲסˣ֪ƾǵʵʸճǻ졣˵ԼҾֻмһˮ꾳ͣĶǸǲŽ꾳ǻ꾳۷ڣĶǼҲҵĶ֣Ǻˮ꾳ļһҲڻܵһͿߣڳ¼ҲһеǷԼңһĸˡСС壬ȻճǷһЦ
ټּ죬ˣһȥͲҩ˷ʱˡºȫȻ˵˸ơ֣ҩжôƾɣʵǡǡ෴ҩǳճʮҩ֮һֻǳºȫᷳûûҹҩţҩų⣬ʴ˲Թݴʡ
Щ˯ɡºȫվеĿһͬԷ
ְҵԵľºȫϰԵٳһۣȷûʲô⣬Ҫϴ˯ˡ
һ˶ʱʯˡ
ѩҹһҵİ׹⣬ʱ۾հףʹ۾
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ˡ
ҲͰˣ˭˵Լûеµʱ򣿿ǣֳʲôӶңһа
ģš
һǿǸˣʲȥ
Եʲȥ
עҪģΪһӰѴ˽
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ºȫڵϣһ˫۾ضƺҪģµڤҲҪǡ
˭飬һɱˣ϶֪ǸɱԼ˭Ϊ˵˼ά֪ɱԼ˭һҪܵ¡
ºȫάϵһ˿˵㡭Լҵˣ
ƽؿǡ
㡭ղʹġʲô
ǻֻһ
ԭˡԼҼҲһɱҡԭԭб֡ҡҲ
̾ʵȫûҪ֤һЩʲôӶȻǽ֮ˣҲൢ󼸷˵˵Ҳһ̡
ݾ͵ضǰųºȫΪϸ˵ɱĵڶˡ
ڶˣºȫʵӦøеңñ͵Ϯֶɱһ꾳ͣ
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ݵֻһС֮ʶҵʵҪסԸ㣬ҸҪʲô͵Ϯѡýնɱ㣬ֻǲֳ̫󶯾Ҫ˵ĻԼҼһоɱ㡣ҳҺͼ⣬ԼһɱҲڡ
ݵǻ˲֪ԳɳǵɱǹȴԳɳǺʩվʱġֻȻ֪ԳɳǵʵݣҲ֪ڵԼҾǻҵһ֧ԳɳԼĶǶûиߣȻҲ˵Գɳǵ¡
֪ɱǹҲһлһһʹºȫϱ
ݵĻºȫϵľȺʹ඼ʧˣƽԭͷҲһʵ̬ڵϣ˵ˡ
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סվȻ㶼ˣҲ·ˡ
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͡
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꾳ͣǱһ
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123 
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124 ѲĶ
ŽʣһĨ׹ǱҰޣأĴʷȻһĳľӡķͤȥĽѩҹγһֱĹߣ޷ҹȴɲǼΪĹ⻪
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һײڽϣʱϪˮ뽭ΪУһûм
ܵĺĽ϶סһֵôˡ֪ԼһֵĶ֡Ҫǻɱ϶ǿһаʽеģĻƱػŪʲô󶯾
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СĿưոݣһˮճԳħϣһ··Ǳ˹ȥ
С֮ǰݾѶ˽Ҫֳ̫󶯾ܿĽǡԼҲʹƺͻƺƴĻֻÿСѹסǡ
Щȵ˵û뵽㻹а֣Ȼһˮ꾳ͣǻޣ
͹ܲˣСͺһԳħзŴ󣬳Ǻɨȥ
ڲٺСԿˮ꾳ܣԾͬһƬҶƮ䣬صرٺ棬ϡ
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125 ǧ·أ޴
ǻر١٣Ϊ̽ǻ𣬶ӦнľˮĿǰˮ꾳ܲˮԵĻܴ߶رٽǻҵ
رҲǸ൱ĻоǾܴ߶ҵɾͻ굤󣬽ԵĻע뵽رУñٺͻ굤Ϊһ壬ܽΪǻд˵ȳߵ˻񾳣֮ܽ뱦УңٱΪ٣ٵǼٴ
һֻ˵رǸǳĻҲǸǱ޵Ļ
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Сݸ磬Ͽ߶Щ֮Ԫܷ֮ӡסĻͨ޷ʹûСͣػԳħ߱ˣص˸С
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ܵһֱ侲ޱȵڶݣæֹͣӣȫһʱһ̴סܱ

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ƫͷѩƮѩҹһۣ΢ЦľȥҲûźֻǺܿϧûл壬ԼҲôСʮֵľ衣Ȼֻи˵ȥ
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ǵϱѪմȾЩǱǹճĻȣȴҸ΢Ц
·һֱڴһĵ
Ϊĳطʼһ·أ޴


126 ı
ճһһլԺһıڽԹСݡżҼӵ˫ָͷǰһγ˸ļµĹ⡣ޱ飬ƽֻҪЩ˶ܸܵѹŭ
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˵ʲô˼ǣɱǵĲԼҵˣճˣӵͳʵ
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ӵΪҺĺżҵĲҵʲô
Ŵ˵Ӧҵ£ģ
ӵͷҸѾ֤ʵˣȷĸң˫˫ĹܵȷӦСҺʹڵжܳɹõ˫˫ĹıأżҾǰճǶҲΪ
ŴȻǣжʱүҧһڣ̱أ
ⲻܡӵŵ˵ڱҪʱ򣬸׻Գ
ӵ¶һĨЦûãȴһСʮ꣬۰ӵĵܵܡСܵܣҵУҺóԺúȵš
Ŵ˫һʱԭˣıԶǣհԶ
ӵڰ֣ȥɣٺ顣
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Դɥ޺һֱѻͬߣųɾ߳ټȴ֪ǰٵޡԸţѰǵ޺һɣҲΪһˡ
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ҵǶŴߺӵ¶һʹ֮ɫ
ã˵⣬ȭͷġֱ죬ǣⲻΪһ¡һҪΪ㱨𣬰ɱʬΣ

ճ룬һɺɫĳǱ˵Ǳڻûճǵʱˣ˽ճǣǱΪĶġǱǴ󾸵۹еĽ񣬵ΪʷƾãҲܼ̣ʴ˱ճǵĵطٿУֱӽռݣΪ۹طİ»Ϊ˷ϳǱĽ񣬵طٻǱȡ˸֣Ϊ
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ȻÿطٶȨŵһطϽһУԳǳճǳΪ̨ǿӲ
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Ϊʵ˽Ҳûһʦ֡
ĸףǵʵ۵ĵʦһλȨصĴ
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⿴ƺůʵǳƤǾ˸߲ҵɹ̫Ƿǳзִ磬ֱ̫¾ô
ĪЦڳڵĴ԰Сÿ쳿ɢһ󡣶ɢʱĸ־ͻ˵һЩµϢ鱨
죬ڸõµϢѸ֧ӭһˡ
ĪЦճ˵һȴԵú𾴡
ʦһεѩҹеɱ֣ҳƤӵɱ꾳ͺһˮͻͣȴûɽϴĶûһ˿ˣӦǼǿʵܰѶȫѹסɾ֪ԼҲûأ


127 ʦ
ĪЦһһȥʮº͵ˡʮ£һ顣ںͺʦ̸ʱȻûȥ飬ô鵹һװ֮
ĪЦйǸ˳ԭһʿΪڳеҲᱻԹǺ󾸳͢濿ϵߺŶνɻľǿƿףΪ˱״鷳ҲΪԼͼ徻ĪЦԲٽһˣǿŸ׵Ȩôְ
ĪЦΪʦ˿ȥʮ꣬һۣһɽͷǰҲǳ͢ԱˣΪĪЦߵĻš
ĪЦΪԼ׵ͬΪһʵǳǿĻ͡
ճңÿҶмǳǿЩҪôڼչأҪôεܼ¡ΪǶѴﵽһ൱ǿľ硣Է˱仯˼һЩ¾Ϳõˡ
ôЩǿļһڳҪǿ⣬ҲǿʱС
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ĪЦ˵ʦ˫ָ󣬵ܿ϶¾һԼģ
ĪЦûش𣬶ǷճңҼҶ⵽ַƫɣպþԼ⼸췢ġҾ֪ѰаԼҷס˺
ʦԼҼȻںͬʱа壬˵ʵ
ĪЦʵѵԮ
ʦҵõһϢԼҹռɷ֮һƽǼҴҵĳ󵽴˾򡣡
ȥ˾ѵȥԼң
Ϣ˵ǣүԴӡ
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ʦʵֵ£鲻飿ǳҵһЩ˿ġҪ֣˵Сһ
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ʦȴҡҡͷҰ첻ɡ
ʲô㶼첻ɣĪЦɻ˵Ӧɶа˴ԴʦʵԸӦòڻ°ɣ֪ӦɶһõѾͷ
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ĪЦʳָڱ£˼ֻҪץˣǾǧַʽ˵ܡ
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ĪЦԺʦ֣ʱ֣ҾǴʦıԶǣ֮¶ɫǿץУǵʲô취أ
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ŮӶԺʦϹֶĪЦ񣬹ȴֲʧǫ˵ʦãá
ĪЦ棬һŮӣĿϲͣߡ
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128 
ѧԺѧϰʷƵȻ֪ѩҹɱһҹɱͺ󣬳ճҵķӦӦԷʽҲ͸֪żҶӦҵıƺΪҵǴβҰݵԷ˸ı䣬һҹɱˣݵûܵκӰ죬ר־ΣʼǣٲȻһѧɡ
ܳϢûв͸ǽҵĺǣ֪ѩҹɱֵ¡ÿ̨ϿӵĽµѧȴڽͷӶǿҺĵ¡
żһ˶ǸԼеˣҲˣǲЩСʲôĵĵطκϵ·˵һ׳ҲпᾫʵĹ¡
Ȼԭλãͬǵۣޱ顣ΨһͬǣɧĲЩʵǺͬͣߴߴ
ѧԺǰ˵ѳΪѧԺķӦ÷ޣͬ졣ʵȴǡǡ෴֪ǾԼҵ˺󣬶̬ȷ˾޴ת䣬ҲͬҲݱ˾롣
ҲֵˡԺȻΪңԣҪĿĻѧϰ֪ʶûɧţǺܺ⡣ҲûҪԺʲôġССԺճǵһӰȻճǵһЩС嶼ųԼңԺѧȻҲųԼҵݡ
ɾΪӴԺϿεʱȴ˵ˡ
ȻһֳִıӣǱϻǲɫıʯ͸ҫЩʯϣżŹ⡣
ݣҹճ֪ͣ𣿡
ԭǲ֪ģ˵ˣҲ֪ˡݶȻ̸ϲҲᣬȻ
һ˫Ӷݣֵȫǵ˶ڲ²⣬ɱ͵ѩҹɱ֣Լҵˡ֪
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תͷ˵µ׼ʵҡ
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һ룬漴һЦ˰֣û뵽㻹һܳƨˣҪǸѩҹɱôбҪԺô
ݺ̸ͲסԴ廰ѩҹɱôô
Ƴһۣϲ˵Ҳһ꾳Ͱɣҵ˵꾳ͶһбżҵҲɱˣţųˮ꾳޵֣ѩҹɱָжôǿѵľ꾳ֻǸߣ
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ֻǺѡֵ̫ˣѩҹɱң˯ʱⶼʮšĺܺ棬ѩҹɱֵ˭
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ȴǲ֪ˣʵү˭
үԭܴڣճǱˣСһЩǺ˻죬Ƣ𱬣ºճǵĺڰ졣ΪƽˣȴûʲôѱڹٸУٸҲû취ճңճһЩºӵĴǣںӲʱ򣬶үŻӡǰɷŻڵʱճоճԣүǳڵĶԣźǳĶԡ
ˣ˵ҵˣǸźؾǱԼɱİɣ
ݵͷǵġźصһЩҶǱǼɱġ
٩Ц˵ףǻΪճǳһԡʲôʱүҲƽˣ
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ݵҾͲ֪ˣǳǵ¡ճǵĿģֻΪ˶顣
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ѩҹɱ¼ȻûԼҵ˸ɵģеҲֻǲ²⡣ʵ˭ﶼ¾ԼҸɵġҲһ꾳ͣʧҲͦԵôͬݵӣվݵĶ棬ԼһսΪ˹⣬Ϊ⡣
ܵĿ⿴ݣڴľ
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ǰĻʮƽòκ˵ȻǾ̫ˣҲûҪѡôӴԺͲҪ˵˺ϿεʱòҪҡҲѧ㲻ϡҵ׷󡣡
ͬʯһ㣬ԭء
նȻüΪѹֽţԭ˵ӣѾѹڿڣȴûһټ˵һȺεĺѧˡ
룬ӦҵĻ˰ɣԺϿεʱٷңһҪλ
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Ϸ࣬šﲻԺãϿʱ䣬֪ݵĶ֣ҲҪˡ
ݣ֣߷ߵ˵һ䣬ݺŤͷǸıӺХųݵɨȥ
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ȥͳȥߣ˿ߡ
Ҳں棬εҡҡͷСԩԩʵҺΡڤڤеﶼиݣҲּ⡭
ҿտյλɨһۣ˸徻ˡ


129 С
ʷˣı޿γҲûˣʣһֿǿȥɲȥġƽûȥʣµʱڤڶɴȴһ̬Ҫȥѧϰ
ݶֿƲȤԳҲûʲôãʹȥԭΪǸǻر١
رٵʶˣҲС֪رٻǿռ䣬ᵯ٣㷢Ӳٵ
ԭ֮һһԭǣԴ̤֮·ҲʶһЩɱɱҲһЩ֮ġ
պԼɱԻһЩóɱĶ֣ɱ˽һЩҲսʤֵʱ
еһУΪ˸Լȷĳ磬Լøǿ
ֿƵһʮŮˣǿӵʷ˵
˵ú٣ʱĸܷḻ׾ͽѧǴȥ
ֿѧõʱ򣬷ֺܶ˶ˣͳ¿Ƹǰšݺܾȣû뵽ѧϰֿƵ˾Ȼôࡣʵ֪ܶѧԱﲢΪѧϰֿƣΪ˴۸λŮ赯ʱķˡʵһЩѧԱλϱ۾Ůĸ˯
ѧԺķǲ治֪񾩵Ժʲôӡ롣
ѧԱʲôӣʲô̬ȣݻһһѧר־ŽΡ
û׼ıȽϳ٣ǰŵλöռˣֻƫλϡﲻʷʱӣλŮ˵Щʲô
ֻЩ棬ΪǰŵһЩѧԱʱʱػͷĿݵͷ
ܲǰĿֱͶԼݻǾЩŤѵԼԴϳ˲ɣ
ź棬ҲԼͷȥŷһЩߡ
ԭֿƽóһ¥⣬滹һ¥¥ΧԣĸɫˡݵĽǶȥֻܿĸˣȴǿ¥ˡ
һЩѧԱĿдŻȵĹ⣬Ѳ²¥һǸŮˣһһŮˡһŮأѧԱʲô߹ĴȻ԰ռ¥Σһ˱
ŮĽˣѧԱȥǰڷڽ̨µʮŹ١ֿÿѧϰͬպٿƣҲǸ϶ʱ򡣲ѧһڿΣԴﻹһͷˮȥ϶ǳҲȥȶһʱرϰ
ѧԱµŵ٣õնʱ
־Եͬʵ¥˭ôǰЩͬѧǳ
λͬճһС˼ҵãݳӣʵԼͷϣǰŵһۣûпԼСش氡ĿһӦҵļ
ͬСȴܼҡݲ²ĺݽ͡
ӦҼ𰸣ݵЩԾصһ֮ȻԺѧϰѲλֿƺܸȤô
ͬģ֪ӦҼԺѧ
ݾӦҼԺѧѵֻһСô
ǰʮأ
ݱˣ棬ʮ꣡ʮ͵ˣ
ţͬͷһŮأʮ꣬ǳӦΪճǽżҵĴ壬ٰ֪ŶٲҵأʮӦҼԭΪӦҾҪôˣ֪һӦԽԽá㿴˼ʮʱѾбˣһŮӣٿҡǲ
ˣΪʲôôѧԱ׷׶Ը¥ͶֿȵĹ⡣һʮСӣȴһļҲλͷЩѧԱһˡ
ֿ֮ôѧԱҲȫΪλöŮǸΪλصСɣ
ʵλȻԺѧԱѵʹûһѧϰŪûмһ˺档
Ǽлһѧϰֿڸ¥ϺһΣĿĿԽ̵ġа˸ʱ̲Ǿ޷ġȥԺʱԶԶؿһۣĺƯл˵˵ҲԺѧϰˡ
ݺ˵ԺѧϰΪģ
ͬ˵ǰ㿴ǣôģǱУͶϣΪޣӦҵĲҵֱ˲Ƹ˫ᡭͬ˵ˣͻȻԼ˵ĶһЩæס졣
εҡҡͷ治֪һʲôƨѧ
ֿƽˣѧԱǻȥĿȴڸ¥ϣΪܿλӦҼһۡ
ȴûô£ߡ
ʱ¥ΧһòŮӵѧԱǺǵһݵģû
ˢˢˢ
˵ĿⶼȥȥҲͣ˽Ų
˳˵Ŀ⣬Ů֪ݵݣݺݣһȣǼ룬˵
һ̣лȡĽ򼵶ʡĿ׷׳ȥ


130 ҲϣҲӥ
û뵽ǸԼδӦСԼһԼصĸ¥ѧĽ򼵶ʵĽ뽻ܵѧԱԼͶĿ⣬ݺֽԺĸо
ͻȻģָоʧݵɫҲ֮Щ
ƾʲôҪΪʲôҪԺͿܵӦҼ룬ֱ׳Ľ٣λ߸ϵӥͶһƲϾ͵øжĶӥĤݣȺԺԴӸ
ݴûԼϣҲΪλӥЩִ
¥λŮӼݳٳδЩãݣҼҼڽ㣬㻹
ѧԱǶͣ½Ųϸ¥Ҳ¥ᷢЩʲôӦҼ˵Щʲôʵں棬ݾƾʲôӦҼķۡҪֻ֪һѧԱԺҲżʱѡ
δѧԱǲ
ӦҼ룬ݺɵˡ
Ҳɵֺ£˭˲
ӦҼˣԺԺǸ˸ˣ
ԼҺֵúܽӦҼʱԺݣ᲻кԼϵ뷨
ҲδزܡֻһСŮӣأ

ݶЩں˼Ȼ󳯸¥Ůȥ
ŮӼݻһӣЩˣ΢ŭ㻹ĥʲôҼõô
üͷһֹĪĿ⿴ŮӣѵҼңҾͷҪȥУΪʲôõȣ
һýԾ
ǻٱߵŮҲɫһ䡣
¥Ůɫ࣬ҧһʱ֪Ӧ¥ЩѧԱԼҼĳߣһ¥ͼ뽻һȻݣǾݵĸлҲͰˣĥĥҲͰˣȻ˵һǵѧԱ˼һ⡣ΪĻְǻϣڼЩסϾԺûм⣬ҲΡ
ѧԱݣ͵͵ؿ¥Ůӵɫһʱ佲ѻȸշǳѹ֡·һ㣬úܶ˴
Ůʵ벻ʲôõ֮ʣһ˺䣬̲סȵ
ŷĿ¶⣬Դǵ˵ҼȲӦˣҲǳ͢ԱƾʲôҪģôҲģô̸Ƿ㣬Ҳƣ룬вҷ
ݽݺһ˦ԼˣѱΪΪԼҵүԼܵҪһӦҵˣԼҵү˴СУҷ
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һǲʶʱǺ˺ֿӦɶ죬ԺԺô죡
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Ƴ˳¿һۣõ˵ֲܵԣ
¿ȻƻŸ¥˼ڸ¥ΧزţԵػشǲܵԣڴϽ϶ˬ
ͻȻܵһȵ¶ȴԺڶ𣬳¿֪ʧԣæס죬Ѿˡ
͵˦ͷǸֳıӺݺݵڳ¿ƵĺϣĿ£ˤñѪֱ
һ䡣
¥½̸ʱ򣬸¥еҲڽ̸
СҲ̫Ŀˣȥѵһ
˾壬֪ҽΪʲô𣿡
˾룬㻳Ǹѩҹɱ֡
Ȼˡѩҹɱ֣Ҳȥģ
˾ɫһ䣬漴ֻȻʣȥպ̽ʵ
̽ʵضɱڣҿɲΪҪĵϸʧȥ㡣
˾һůм˵Ǽǵȫ
ǲѩҹɱ֣һ򵥵ˡЩ˼ԺٻΪãضдô
ǡ˾Ҿȥ

һŮվԸ
ճǵԽԽϾҷԸļֵ飬ôˣ
꾳͵е˼ʵģûеһˮ꾳͡
㻹üȥʱʲôҪ˲ҪкʵģҪϧһд
ǡ
ţŮɣһҪֽ̡


131 ܴ
СԺݵȻ˵ʲô£ֻѾסԺʳÿ϶ƣСǸͶģ˳ѯݻҪЩʲôԳɳԺǾСҲסԺźݡ
СԼסһᣬִԺתһȦɫ磬˱ճǴ֣޽ɢ
ʱٽƻ裬ǵ°ʱ䣬ѧǵ˷ѧʱ䣬ֵϵﲻɷ֡
ССճǳ󣬶ճǵҪϤĶࡣ˵ݴСϽ棬˵СֹΡ
СϾǸСŮŮԣһεС̯ǰ߲ˣЦеش̯ϵ
ݴ߳ѡһΪϣܺÿ
үĺܺÿСߴĲЩŵʵ
ĺÿλ塣ݳ̯ȥ壬˵ǰɣ
۾䵽СͷϵǸϣͷˣÿÿýţ
ҲǴڿϸ󣬻ʣɫȿ佱Сò֮̾ݵ۹֮°˶ֺǺǵġ
ˡСͷϿ˼ֳۣ̯ȥ˵С꣬ѡ㡣
үôá
ûʲôòõġҰ㵱ӣ򼸼ΣʲôòõģˣѡҶҲȥˣҲʼѧˡ
á˵Сѡ
ЩС̯СҪ˼ǮأܵõݵͣСǳġ
Сԭ˸߲ҵģƫͷҪ˵ЦʱĿһȺԼⷽ߹ϣɫʱ䣬Ҳ֮һ
ܵСͻȻı仯ʵôˣ
С꽫Ӳݻקߣүǿߡ
ݸɻˣôˣ
Լ˵ǲˣСֻõҿҵĳˡ

ǡ
˽̸ʱȺѾ̯СعͷҪΪָȥʱȺǰ˸պÿСꡣ
С͵תͷǴ졣
ݵû뵽СȻԼĳ˿־嵽ֵز
ףⲻ˭ҵСꣿүƣǲ㣿
ʱݲſΪˣԲԲ壬ԲԲԲӣȻһͷⱾһɵɰΪһͣƫƫֻҪ˿һۣ;Щˡһɢʣǿһֱ֡˿ȥʮͣһȺˣǵɵģⱵЦݣôࡣ
Ƕ˳С˳ֽСԼһأͦСǰ档
ҵŮʲô
Ů΢΢һ䣬С֪꣬㡣㣬ҺҲų⸱ģٺٺ٣ûҲϣģҪˣҲǾһˣ
С޿ɱܣת˫ۺ㲻Ҫ˵Ҳң
ӴǣˣͲˣ
ˣС꼱ˣҲ֮ǰʲôԹҵŮҪȹһ˵
̬ӲǶסЦݣϸݴȥʵ˭Ǹףǰû
ָؿڵ˵㣬Եճû˸ô˵ǲǣ
ָס˴ִָ˵Ķȥ⣬ʵڰпʼϾ
ݵҵȷճû죬治֪λ
ĻСˣ˵ŵӣү
ԭճǺڰүݳ˵СһۣйâһСѸײڶ춣֮ƱĳݺݵСһ⣬Ȼ˲븡䣬˶û徿ʲôСһʺӡ
Сһүġ
һ֣ǶʱγɰΧ֮ơ
ܴڰָʾǲҪ嶯ղһֱڰнϾݵ֮£˽Ͼʱֲ֪ʲôֶΣȻԼһ⡣ıµЩ׽͸
ܴһ˫۾ݣδ̣
һǣС꣬һбڸǰԼңݡ
ԼңܴʵǴӾǨԼң
ǡ
ԭԼҵүܴ΢΢һЦû뵽ȻȥŮү걾ҵң˳ˮ飬ң
˵ΪʲôҪ飿
ܴճ˵һһ˵Ƕңֻкô
ôܿϧвûôҪ
ܴüͷһ壬ѾüΪѿˡڼǰѩҹɱ¼ûзʱǸӣһͽݡѩҹɱ¼ˣճÿ˶֪ѩҹɱԼҵˡ
ܴǺֵģ֪ԼҲܴսĺɡǸѩҹɱ֣ȴ׵ؾͽˡͲò˼ɵԼλظֵʵˡܴڻû̽Լҵĵף˿̼ǿƣһ첻µزµģ϶Ǳ̡үȻƣܻ쵽ڰλãҲǸЩĻˣ¿סԼķŭûкݴ֡
ܴȻ΢Цֻ΢ЦѺѿүҪβܰ껹ң
΢ЦƺҪһ˵ﲡҪС㣬Ҳ͸㣬ǻ㡣ΪС˵ġȻСҵˣ˿ԸǮͶˡԣ뷨ֻΣǾܷġ
ԣܴȭͷĿֱ죬Ѿ͵ļޡ
ĻչүΧô˿ţǷŹԺôˣ
ܴڵҲ֪ǣϾҪжˣ¶ƻ˼ƻΪء
Сӡ
Ҳ޲˺̰ɣȴ³ˣûʱʰ𣿡
ֵү㲻ֵ
ߣҲôˣһ󡣡
ܴһּһЦݣݱȭүԶǿͣڴԵ֣Ҿ֮꣬ҶҾ¥һ
ƴǵлү⣬һ¡
ǺãǾپۣǣܴڵȵľ仰ȭתһҪߵӣȴͻȻڵһ̤ʱžһ죬һҵǰƾճ֣һҪƵӡ
ԭֻЩ𻨵գʱýţ


132 ͷҲҪ꣡
ƲæС꣬ʹоѧǻ¶ʱɫѸȥ
УСԳħʹԳħš
飡
һģĴ𣬵סܴڵ󹥻ڽֵɲС졣
Χ۵Ƿ׷˿ݺܴٴδ֣˭ǰһ
ԭֻһ꾳ͣһõĻǰֵһᡣܴˬʵЦ˼ȥ
һֲһȻݵҲټѡ
˵¶ƽϢְĿ⳯ȥ
ԭݺܴʱһĶҲϡ
֧һλͷѩ׵Ŀ׵壬˸ߵĴ󹷷ֱغڰԡĸһŮӣЩŮ䶼űĿ⾯ܡΧǰָӣ࣬Ŀ
Ļֻа˸ʵ㲻϶֪࣬ΪΣǿ˸ˣ࿴һ۵˼ûˡ˸ͷųһǿ󲻿ַĸо
ԭһֱ߶ݺܴĵطʱͣ˸űĴۿţƺȤճǺܶ˶֪ݣÿϽҲӭһηĿ⣬ݺܴǡǱĿⶼͶ
ˣǵĿϡ
ҲŮӽʹûʱ꾳
ŮЦ˾壬ʲô磿
֪˾һ㶣漴ϵ黭ˮ꾳֪ġ
ܷ꾳ʹû
Ȼԡܼ򵥡
ǲ͵ˣԵ£ΪʲôͲԣ
˾һ˵ݹʵ
ֻǲ²⡣Ǹѩҹɱ֣ǿ϶Ҫʵġ
˾峯Ⱥеȥҿôᡭ
ЦŨˣѽѽĸ㲻ҲŶʮͷѾˮ꾳ڼǻţͿñˣȻʶ١ճǵȷţ񾩺һЩУҲֻе֮ʰˡǶʮɾͻ굤ţҲһץһѡ
һ˵ֻ˾壬ŮӶ΢΢ͷЩ
黭д̿ͣǰлͻȻȵ
ԣ黭æ󣬳䱦ܴ̿͵Ϣ
ಣ
黭ʱͳͳԾĽӳ֯һɫİѽɳûһҾ¥Ĵϡһİѽȷ˳ƴһȽǰ
ͻȻһĻһڽֵɧԭѾ뿪ܴںݶͣȺйս
ܴߵʵİǵ˰ɣ
ǣЩ˵඼İµ
ӦǳˡӦСӵĳлǶ࣬ճǶֻһϮˡ̵ģЩ粻ƫƫʱӦ߾裬ǵѶǾˣܴһ䣬Ŀ¶׹⡣
Ӧɶ죬̿ͳɢվмһףִ˫ִ󽣣ȫţȻһˮ꾳͡
˵ҲͬǽֻǵֽǱţٲȻĸ꾳͡
һˮĻɱѾǿˣҲѹǸڹ컯֮ճڰƤӵд̡ǿţǲݺһǰĴɱġ
󵨣лǰųһУߺȣ졣
ʫͻ࣬ٺ˾Ծվлļϣ𼦶ִŴ̿͡
˾ҼҼ䣬Ҳеģһˣ˵
˵ֺηˮ꾳̿ʹ˶Ĳӿɻǵã
ԣ˾ͱٶһۣ˵ԭǶĲҵ㶫ĲҾǱģҪ𣬳ǣֻƾˣ²𣬶ģ
λο࣡һҳδǱɱһһҲŹӦɶ죡
ĲӿϺݺһ壬һԾ˱㱻һ𣬴Ưڽ֮ϡ
ҲЧ£Ư
һ̣һɫźĸɫžƯڸԵĽ£̿͵жĬĬ߶š
ѭ֤̻𣬶ν֮ҿĲұʣδ棬ѪͷҲҪꡭ
ͷҲҪ꣡
ͷҲҪ꣡
ֻ߶ȥȴ·ϰͬҵз䡣
һѲĽͻȻ̿͵塣Щ·𻯳õĽӰڴ̿͵⣬˽һ
ţİѺɫ˽Ȼ£ڽǰѾ޴ɫ˫ֽ֮У˽һ֮彣һ
һ̣һԼɳĴ󽣳ǰ˽һΣʱһͬҺϢӽϿӿΧ۵Ⱥڷ׷ƿȺڵĻͷ׷ʹԻֵ޾ɱ
һȺɥĲķӣȻѪΪۣʹħ˽Ѫ
ɫҲЩѿû뵽Щ̿;ȻһȺҪķӣһħ
ħصѪΪۣȡ֮ǰɷŵǻѪΪֻۣڵͼĲΡ˽ѪȴΪۣΪ൱ѪȺͿֲ
üͷһ˳һǣܵ󣡡
ʱڴһ˼޹
ٽǵ˽ѪޱȣרıҪ
ҵĻΪҶ޹ǵļ˽˾壬ͣ
ǣһǵ˾æȥʮͣϽȺڸʮʱ䣬㣡
Ȼʮʱ˽ѪѾ׳Σ޾ѪҺҺӽƶ˽еĶ˽ʱ۶ȥ
ǿѹȻĴ֪˹Ƕ°˴ޱȡ
ʱĲҲɡ˻Χ룬ռһλһĹ֯һĹ
һγɣʱһɼǿ󣬼ʥּϵƳ
·гһַ·ƶ˱ĳһԶŵĹޣ
һĻҲɵ棬̾󷨵Ǽ
ʵҪ󷨱Ҫôʱ䣬ֻӦɶһ˵ĻɡΪ˱ˣ͵ķΧʮ
һжѱ׼ʮպҲ˽Ѫʱ䡣
˲󣡡


133 űڶ
顪
˽ٶȼ죬תۼû˲֮Сڽ֮ǰŴݻһеơڽ֮·ûϳֹֻǷһܵɫͺɫҵ˸˼£Ȼɢһֹƽ
̿ͷ·ûһʧӰ١ֻʣһСѽе˳ڰת˼Ȧ󣬷׷ڵϡ
ɱ̿ͣûоʹ𾯽֮ģȻܣĿÿһɨѰҿ
ֱȷȫ󣬱ٲһڵϵĽȥħаˣǰǸС󣡡
ٶһлģѽȥħֶĶ࣬пûڽСȥûѽǵڽУҲó
һԼʮͷŮ˵ǵĻ˶﷢ëηŨˡ
Ȼƫƫʱһ䳰ȷȺ
ԼܵвʱӦҼ֪޹ȺڣһĵˡĺҪ꣬͵ķ󰡣Ҳһ仰˵ʲô˾ʲôūţӦҼװģĺݶٵαװ
ԣüͷһĹ⣬˭
λҲԹλӦԵ׼
Ⱥ߳һͤͤòǳŮӡŮӵ˫޳һɫֻ΢Цעű٣ȫη֮ɫ
ⳤŮߣ˾Ҳǰͱٲսӳ彣סŮ˫гһ죬վסٿ
Ůͣ˽Ųݵ˵֮ͣ²Ϊη塣ƵĿ⿴˾壬һЦ·Ӧ޵ôճӦҵ£
˾Щŭȵٷϻ㾿˭ʲô
ŮЦαôţǱͦôһСŮӲɣ
ⳤŮһ֣ݾͱΪòһ˫޳ȣݾãŮӵݺͦϤġ
ʶŮӱͲ࣬ȥҲǵԼʶŮӡ
˼ʱֻǳŮСŮ壬ȲǴ̿ͣҲӦԩ޳𣬵Ű裬ǲмһˡ
壿ݰҡͷĵʶ
˾ŭҪ
幰֣ӹһĨЦݣͽ̡
˾üɫͶĲҵ˽ʱŮ˿϶һԿŵġȻѾʶȴǰƣɼҲЩʵġΪһԱ˾屾ͺܻڸǲС
˾ԾԾԣѾ˵Եıٺ˾壬ҪСթ
һѣ˾ҲעģиֲȺУ㲻ӭս˻ȥ
ôô϶һ˿ͻȻȵǺܿ𣿣
ͻȻǰһͦһɫӰĳǺӰһģһԼٶȳ˾屼ȥ
˵־ͳ֣ûκԥ
ȣ˾һȣӽڱɫӰϺݺһʱȫǿɫϾۼĻΪŨأɫӰɢ
̫˾屩ŭִǰӡ߶һͨ󣬽ǰһƣʱǽ˸һѰˮɵĳӽϱQϳһɽɵĺˡ
кˣ
ӿġкˡͬƯںϵһҶۣĺХûȴ˿壬ɫֻȻһʵĹ⣬ʱһǿðǰγһεĸ㡣
кڸǰֹͣûһѽܴǸ塣
ͷҪսһˣһϰɡ
ʵԶ˾֮ϣҲԥһϣ治ܶ³ˣֻЩ̿͵ƣһл
ǣ
ͬʱӳÿ˶ʹкˡĵк˾ۼһ𣬾Ͳĸһô򵥣ʮϣк˱˽кХ
Ȼͬʱ֣Ҳţվһţͬʱſ죬ʱһ³ǰγһԽԽԽԽڽкХ档ǽкХܽͻٲһ
óʵЦ˼
ɫȻɣֻһЩվԭأҽһһɫĹâлһŹץһɫĹâָһ

״˾һЦĵԭҵǻЦΪֵܵǰĺһô
Цݺܿ콩ס
һͷƣͻȻűڶ䣬䣡


134 Ҹ
һ䶨һʱﵯ߸һģһˣ
߸˲ģһģһҲһģһͷŵĻҲһģһ
ÿһ壬һ֧
ಣಣ
֧ųĹβХųȥ
ǽк˻ǽкХСǴڰ֧ɨ£еɢͨͨƷ
žž
ȫԵͽ׷ء
嵯˵ϲڵĻҳ΢Ц˵СŮ׳ˡ
ɶ񡣡˾ҧսٽסĻ̫嶯
ûٳֵ˼Ĳӿ˵ѽȥ΢΢£ѽһӣѽսɽ֮С
ЩİѶǻһǻȻӮˣǾ͵ӮսƷɡҲǵģǲԿ
˾ؿվĲд̵ģ
һ̣΢΢һЦȻǡǴ̿͵ĻǺ̿ʹ򶷵ʱǵļѵ𣿡˵ţζĳٵزƳһۣЦشԵŮ˹Ȼࡣ
㣡˾һǵͨ죬°ܽ޻˵زƳһۣͻȻһ˵ֲôΪС
ҡػϵЦݽסһЦתȥú˵
ʱﴫһö
λ㣬һȡ
ͣ½Ų¶һĨȾֺɫǸŮˣҲܺŷ֣ԼƺͲǸŮ˵
ӦҼ𣿡ת΢΢ͷ
л˵֪ܷ
ԣٺ˾ɫһݣĶ塣
΢ЦûʲôĻȥܴ󰡣
Ӧɶ٣˾壬Ƕ˿
˾ŵʲô˵ɣ̫Σˣ
Ҳ˾˵ûСĵһ
ӦɶͻȻ˪ڵӴˣʼҵ𣿡
ңٺ˾æ
ҪɱңҲס
ǡ⻰˵úֱӣĵͷ
ٴδ룺㣬
ͷЦЦĳɨһۣȻȥڳӦɶڳ˵ȥ
ܾӦɶķ岻Ǵ̿ͣӦɶѾ˽ˣȻܽšÿ˵ͬһѱ岱ϵĵвԣѵҪȥ
ֻǼ滨Цı飬ȻǺӦɶĵĺܿģϲģɱ
ŮӾһһţС˭Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
úȻһһľٶȻ˽ȥ
ıٺ˾ҪǰֹӦɶͬһкܶ໰ҪġɫˣؼҰɣ
ٺ˾һۣȻ·ʲôϵ黺Щǰл˻̡֣
ȺУܴҵǳɣӽӦɶĿǺһҵȥү飬ҪжǰˣȻᱻ˽ȵǡ
һҵѵ֪ô
ƨ֪Ϊʲô˾Ͳ֪Ǳڶ֪ܣͲܣ
ȺһߣǣС꣬ĬĬӦɶԼǰʻ
üͷĵŮˣһ
Сݷʵүʲôأ
ร£ݳСһԣʵȷղܴھ㲻ĳˣ
ܴڵִݵ˵Сɫʱһ䣬ǷŭǺ£˵ͷᶨ˵ǻɻҶϵãҸĸɱҸ磬ҽ㡭
˵ǿСҲֹסᣬɳƵ˵үղҲˣһֱĻС檡
ݽС§СҲ˳ƿݵؿڣ˵Сè״ļͷòɵ˵С꣬ģ㱨Ҳɧ㣬ΪɧجΣ
С꾪ôݻ̧ͷòĿⶢݿү˵ʲôҪūұ𣿡
ݵͷ
Ȼݿ϶صͷСǲţ۾ֻүһŮͣүΪðձܴʵǿǲöԸ
ݵúܣҼʱ㵱ŮͿˣӦҾһֱ㵱áֻһֱϺһ硣
Сǲϣǲ䡭үҵľˣ֮ţ
΢΢һЦ㡣Ѿˣôһһ׵ŮҲδزһ¡
үΪұҽүˣүҪʲôҶ޷˵ȥС֣ص˵ţĿ͸һɲɵĳϿҡ
ҡҡͷˡ
СֵֻһŪףүΪʲôҪң
ûϻش𣬶ǳĬã򽥽ɽůϦĹӳСȴǷС꣬˵һҸʲô
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ݻĵ˵ͷںܶİɡ
С˲ᣬʵү㲻ģ
Ҹ¡ҵˣѣΪҶҸҵĳˣˣΪҶʹ࡭
ܿЦɣȷʵġԳһЦϦиĵطȥ·ĿԽǧ֮⣬һ˰
Сעݣûٷˡ
ΪѾ˴𰸡
ˮִ£ĬĬ˵˾䣻лл

Σɴƴ϶˴СһɫޣŻ滭ͯȤͼĵ̺СɵʽɰıڵƣʾӵһСŮ
˭Ҳ벻ӦҼĹ뷿Ȼ⸱ģҲκһϵĶܿģͯȤǿɰа
Ӧɶ죬һôֶΣôļվҲֻһʮСŮġ죬һԾ޴˫彫˯±ͦͦĳַ·ѲϳƵʹо·ӻӱŬٴ¸ߣ̵ͦλΪزĹͻԵòôעĿһͷľͬһˡɾ˳죬ķ˳죬һаȴ׼ȷĸ߱ˣһŮڣǵֻŮǣһµСŮ
˲ò֮̾棬ȻֽڻȴֻǶ俴һ۾ͻ߸߾Ǹþһֵͯվ֮塣
һŮӣҲ˵ļݣ͵˵Σʮ粽ıҲΪ
ʱӦɶڵ̺ϣŴıأбһޡٺ˾վǰ̸š
壬ҵС㡣ұʱ˳ͶӱʦɷųʩգʩΪͽܡɷű˳Ӵ˲֪١
ӦɶĬĬţĴ۾˸ǻ۵Ĺ⣬ȷû⣿


135 Ƚʹ
ۺɫķУ˸ܰĹ⡣
ٺ˾һۣû⣬Һ˾嶯鵽Ϣ
ǲ鵽ģҴ׳ĲࡣΨһɵǣȻһţΪǰ֪һˣӦɶ˼
˾彨Ҫȥ飿
ǵˡûκοɣĿˡǰĬĬţΪûʩաʩѧϰǱͱھˡӱãӱ츳ôãȻҲȥӦɶӽĴĻҲȫǹɷŵĻ˵ⲻ֪ٵʱ϶Ļֻ˵ˡ
˾ʵҪҪһ鵽ף
ǧҪӦɶվ޷ڴߣǱǿߣ˭ûиעĻĸҲ϶ʦڵĳɾ֮صԽ࣬պ󱨳ʱıǮԽҽϺãҲ뿿ӦŴΪӻʵĿꡣ
Ӧɶ΢΢һЦһ⣿Ҫ˲ŵʱҪɽʱҺڶԵʱҲע
˾˱һۣ漴˵ͷȻ⣬ǾͲٲˡ
ţԺǾǽˣ¾͹ȥˡ˵ףҲȷǼˣѽ͸ˣҲʲô¡ӽԺҪദ
ǡ
λȥϢйҺ˵Ự
ٺ˾ߺӦɶڴޣȴ
ֻһ˿
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һŮȳʱʱ̿ɢһ˵ϢһŮشֻ⿴һ۶ѪšǴʱ˿һˣֱӭֱȻҪм֪ܷܵ񿸵ס
һ壬ӦɶϽһ϶ʱʧ٣Цֺ·عʮıԡ
㣬ҼңԺǾһŶ
ӦɶȻ̬ͣȴԷƱ̬߰ǫ˵ɼ޼ҿɹˡ
㣬˽ͳƺһõˡ˾Ƕҵҵˣҵ̬޷ת䡣кãԾӣһźýأ
Щжǰĸ
ųʶ岻ϸӦɶ˴ȷϵӦɶֶǳأϸӦɶȥ
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ǣӦɶڲʮ꣬ٹָ꣬ĴˡҲˣشҲˣƫƫȴҲô
±ȽϣҲֻԼҴСоԼеһƴôҲǲʤԼҲ䡣ӦɶȣԼȴʱûġ
ڲ֪ݵʶôҲ뵽ӦҼ롣
ӦɶޣСߵߣ黭棬龯裬һûһĳ㻹ûȫ½ġתתߵ˴βһﵷڣ㣬Ҹ㿴ҵޡЩɶҵıʲôҿɶǲỻġ
รޡǰҲϲ峯Ӧɶ߹ȥ
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Ӧɶյ˵ǶǺûû̫ˡԴҵϼ󣬾ʹûһ˳ȥ˦ǣڵһ죬ǰ춼ã
Ȼ򣬶ԼǰʼֻһʮСŮԼʮʱ򣬲Ҳһð𣿼ݣʮСŮ޵ҫȴҲɣԭֵûĻ
һᣬĬȻãҰ㡣
ģӦɶϲѣĿϰң
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Ǽ𲻴Ӧ
ҴӦˣšңǾ͵Ҷ漸졣Ӧɶչ
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˫˫ĹıأֻвƸô򵥣һĻǿĻʱҶˣʵκεңʱұһɱԼңԼţݣ޼ɡǸҺúõĵš
뵽ǿѱѪ
ڷµӦɶ죬ȴǸֳ˽ЦŵĹ⡣
Ҫһڵܼ죬ңŶûУֻҪʩСƣ˦ǵʱԼҲѲҾңˣߺߣ


136 ӦҵԵ
գƻ衣
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ã⡰ˣˣˡʮܴڶźֵʹ˸ɫһֵܱ˼ˡ
洫һϵ˱ҡ
㲻ˡ
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ܴھõȵ￴治ʲôǸʮߣűϵɫƣЩǣֱͦ⣬Ҳá
ܴкѽˣ죬
ܴڳΪϡ߻ܣʵֻǣûˣ
ܴڵүѾˡȻҽ˾Ͳˡ
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ܴһ࣬εЦЦԵǰֵԣȣ߳Ա
ܴһ£Ƕʱ̻Ƕˡ
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šƽʱٳͻȻҲע⡣վƱʵʲôʱ֣
ܴæһߵ˵ơ
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ϻǵתתʱСʱжһܳɹ
ܴڶƱƣҶԼƻľʵʩϴͽ̣
ҵҵû뵽СȻ붯үЩȡүСܾˣСֶεǲϼϺܴƵ˵
˵Щʱлǵɫһ˿
һǳݣʮˣȴӦҵԺܼҡʮǰӦҵܹܣΪĹϵŰԺɼӦҲǽļࡣ
ճǶ֪Ӧһˣȴû֪ȴһݣҲʵݡ
żҵԵף
ϴүүһ𣬾żҵˡףٵԼѾΪżҵūżҶμҲܲҲչ˺ϴСżҳ󣬺ڵżҼӵһ飬ˣȻѳΪүȴǳ⣬˸ǵĽɫ
żһֱճļ塣ǼӦˣλӵڶгżȡ֮ơӵĸףʱżҼ㽻һҪʹ
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Ȼֻһ򵥵ȴעżҼϵ޾Ρ
ϸм֣ԥĴӦˡ
һ꣬ϲŶʮꡣ
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ջҪԶӦҹܼҵݻȥ
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һֱڴţôһ죬ӵύһشʵԼļֵ
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ʵ֪ܷԼǰ;ԼഺӦĬĬĶȹʮ꣬Ƕżı
ܴƽŰ裬ճ˭Ӷġ֪ϵ飬ԶҲһɾءȻΪҪǣҪõƻľжûϣж޷ɹ
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ۺ룬ҪץӦɶ죬ֻȡ
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תͷûд򿪵Ĵ΢Цھ¥֡
ܴھվæߵߣһСڣӦǣгԶȻͨôԶ
Цܳ䲻⡣
ܴ͵Ȼļƣϣ֪ܵҪôأѵҪǴܵĳǱȥֱȥӦɶĴϰץ
һƣæָϣͨļıŸʵá㻹ǵҸղ˵ģ˵ǳʱжУҪʱжĻ𣿡
ǵá
ϸЦӦɶÿΪɣÿ춼һϰߣʱʱŮһˮ֭ˮ֭˯һʱȻ𴲡ҵļƻǣʱʱǾֵšǸʱ컹ûҲˡӦɶˮ֭ŮӦɶٴ˯ʱŤܵأӦɶͻܵˤȥʱڵͨͻǽܵҪûǰȡӦɶֳܵ󶯾עǰߡ
ƣܴ޵ЩǵʵŮѾ˰ɣɲɿ
΢ЦŮ


137 
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ڼƻĲ÷òģѰźһЩ
ƲߺǺá̫ܵӦɶˤܵ϶Ǿô죿˵
ܴڳĬҲ֪ϻʲô֡
Ǿ˵һ֮вĶǻܴͣлˮͻͣˣҲһ䡣ǣǵصӦңֳ˶ǣסһʱ䣬ӦҵĸֿɾͶˡ
ʧǴ£ǴеĴ£Щ˲òȰѺ·
˶Ŀϣȴû뵽ϵЦ̣ǾǾѰ·
㡭ԣܴϸشϡ
ܴڵ˼Цңûʲô츳ôһˣҲͲŽ꾳öѡЩûӦҰ״
һ˵֪ػ𣿡
ܴҲǸʶ֮ͷ֪ػǽ⡣˵ţ¥ˣֻҪһŵػ飬ܰﻯΪҽ
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û뵽ϾȻһ֣һëʼ֮ǰͬĿϡԽԽﲻá룬ÿ˶һ˿Ӧɶ֮ͬġǸɰСŮǸһ֮Ȼÿ춼˯ըϵġ
Ҫմ֢ˣŵػ飬Ӧɶ֪ôġ
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֪жˣܴûκһԳʱûУЩطĴʱûУͶӵҲûӵǰֵǶ֪ģˣһվϾϹ
ϽƱƵһߣֱƺվλֵܣϾͲҪˡ³֮һݣ

ѧԺУѧԱĹԡ衣
۾¶Լ壬ƣһͬƮɢ
֮ǰʱڤڶɴеĸŨˮԪءҲһЩˣΪûо
ˮ꾳ˣӵж츣أΪĽҲ֮ǰôˡοڵ״̬Ҳǰһˣÿֶ¡ڵҪ飬ҪΪ·ġ
ԼҲиоȻȲǰˮ꾳ѾԶ
ӱǸŮ˭ʲôϵΪʲôǳôƣ˵ǸŮӣ㣿
ݻ۾ں۾Ŵϵ˪˼
һģڡ
ȷһšҹһиҪҪȥѩҹɱ֡Ҫˡ
ݵУĹ⡣

ճԱһС̶ֳȲճСǡ
һͷ׷ڵƻɺȺУ΢գȴԵȣðϵĹ⡣
һʯͷͣ£˫ָɱĺˮ
ಣಣಣ
ӰǴȺдģȴǴͻȻ֡
׷ûлͷص𣺡Ϣ𣿡
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ûС
С
׷תǸ˵еȥ˵
һճǵСǡϢһڵļ壬աȴյүֵ츳ã䲻ʮȴ꾳͡
ճǡյļ
򡣡
Ƕֵܽʲô֣
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ɻ𣿡
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šϢܴ׼ȷĴ𰸣ҲĿǰֵȥӵϢˡ㣬úܺá
׷߿ţ˶ʱʷͿԸְȥ
ģǻȥ͡߼飬Ȼһ͡
⡭ճǱߣ
Ϸȥ
׷תȥ̧ͷңңϷ


138 Σյʱ
ҹס
ӦҵԺ֮Уš
ĶŽĻѩڻȴֻһҹԼֹ˺װ
żз紵ƮѩıƶĹ켣ȴı䲻ڴϵˡ
ڤڤˣ˾עֻǹ̵˿ı˵ϣȴվ޷ĸıˡǣڤڤ֮ϣһ˵ˡ
ÿ˶ˣԻ͵Ż˶˶ʡ
ʱӦɶһƿѣֻһʽɰë˯ȹװŲůͻȻɵǿ²ޱȺ䡣
ѸٵĴڱϵһްǴ˸¡
⴫Ӧɶ˵ơŴһŮӵ
Ρ
ӦɶķŴţǷ㷢ʲôΣʱܼʱĽŴһƾͿҲʲô˴ȷǳߣҹֵ࣬һڴϲ˯ԺЩѾͷĽŲǶѷǳϤҲΣǻһԺ߽Ͼͻ䵱
һɵСѾͷȥҲʮ꣬һϮۣһˮ֭˫΢΢ָͷ⴦ЩסִѾͷҲλ˶ɼҹĺ쳣ֻմôһͽ˺ܡ
ոեģȰɣ⼸ÿ˵ϻˣӦɶ΢΢һЦӹˮ֭һھȫ
Ӧɶĺ꣬΢Цӹһ˿
жʱ̣˼ƻŮˮ֭˵ҩȻȻʲôҩֻ˻ԵҩѡӦɶ֮ܵͲ󺰴Уļʾ͸Сˡ
ˮ֭ҩûϷӦɶ컹ϰԵϴʰ룬˯ˣȥʱںá
ǡӦһƫ͵͵ƳӦɶһۡı۾£һүүԼĽһӦɶĴȥ
εĽŲᣬ۾ضӦɶֻҪһ۾ԼԼ׼õӦֱ֮ߵ˴ߣӦɶ컹ûκηӦȻûκη֮ġ
СŮһǿСڼȴκ˵ɵˡҪ˶Ųǻ˭Σ
ǻۣӦɶֳ˸Եļˡ
һ˵򵥣ȴָӵˡ
£򴲵סĬĬš
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Ӧɶƨǽ漱ٵ»ȥѱסܵصһʱţҲ֪ںڰл˶áǽڵĦСãͣºûжʹֻ࣬ʧ⣬˷תԴ͵ײһ¡
ܵΪƵģȻ֪ǣȴûùǵã˾˵Ϊ˱ѣܵûеƣкܶڡҪסЩڶǼٵģֻܵһֱǰߣҵڡ
˾仰ԺӦɶ쵹ǲ³ȥһʱ벻ףκö˶˵Ķܵʲôǹģ䲻Сģ
ȻģӦɶɫһݡ
ԣβģҪ֪ܵĿؿɲһͻῪ֣Ҫշ˳ʱʱŤô⣬Ҳôɰɣ
Уεʱ񣬺һıóѵӡ
ı
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뵽ӦɶԴһʹʱ˾תµĵ淭ת浹£ǰڵܵԽˡ
汰ɡӦɶڻǰС
ܵﲻ䣬Щů͡ʵ䣬Ҳ䲻ĺѩƫƫӦɶԼ׹֮С
ϵı
ԼˣԼˡԼԼĿģΪ˱ܿԼûԼ޵ֿԡ
һļΣյʱ̣ˡ


139 ˶
ҴСӦҳʮͿʼѾͷңû˵ҲΪĶݾүүĶ飬үүԸ£ұΨһΪģϣֻǱã˵
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ͻȻһӰϢĳǰһ
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űߣ˾ӣŷĵĽԼӣϴ
оԼЩľ۾Щģ
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ԹТȫ˭˵µĶЩС˵Ӣж
α۾ȥʶ£üһµĴʪ

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˶˯ǲµģһ嵽ǰ棬ʵô£ôż
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ӦүüһҪأôˣ
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140 ˼ܰ࣬жܽ
˵ķӦǺͱһΨ˾塣һǿҵıܵȥʱүѾſˣǲǵȥģֱĻѾ˺󱳣ŷǰһˣſڵء
䣡
һħĻ࣬˹ȥȫһʹʱȥ
һǰӦɶ
ǰ꾳͵ıӰį
˵ͶСһСܶ࣬ǸҲʮҡ
ɱ˶ǻ꾳͡
ԼѾʮ겻Զˣȴͣ꾳۷ڡ
Լǻţûкõ츳ʣͲʺԻΪ档
ܸлϲԣô˼
ػѾֻҪ˫ּԺͬԺˣͣܵǰ˵ˣΪҽ
һ̣ǰһ
˻عͷϵûʲôͬ
ϣôˣɫѿ
΢Цɣõʱɫôѿ
õʱûɣʧˣ黹õ
˵ʧΪң˵ҵòأ
꾳ɫʱһ䣬˺󣬳Χסϡ
ϣЦɿáһѵʵڲԸżʧٵºλӦҵϹܼйϵ
̾ϢҺúÿΪϣĸҪˡȥڤ磬϶һ·Ϊ鰡
ŭˣϣҪЦ
һ̣˿һֱ§űͻȻֱͦ˱ͦأǵĿϬĹ⡣
Ͼ˫֣ʮָһ󣬶ʱŹб顣
ֺĴȵҴӲЦūΪ㾡ˣףүүˣ
һͻȻӵðһħĻ࣬ڱ˱赸
ۺɫӱ˻ɫɫҹ˻ɫ׵ѩ˻ɫɫ˻ɫ
һеһУ˻ɫ
ԺʱһƬ죡
棬˲ûһС
Ƭеֻ˻棬ܸܵҲֻлɫȵ¶ȣûһ˿Ǹߵصһ̣۽һᡣ
ˮڵϣûбɣҲûбߣֻǷԵĹ⡣

ܴںģǴú͵͵ܳĹˡƤԭϺõţƤȴһСһĿǹͷҲΪ¶˾⸱ģȻһӻֳҴߡ
״ܵᱧŻڻеӦɶ죬ͣĳǱɽȥܵĹУ˸顣Լǰ棬Ū⸱УǺֵǣܻܹˡ
תһ룬ػˣȻҲǻˡܲԼ󷨣˵ʱҲ˲ò󷨵ĵز뵽뵽ѾңɵöϵԹСһЩ
ܴڵԲġ׼ȷ˵һΡʵ⿿һ˫أ֪ܲģϾ޵үǰ֮õӡмεǳʱûеǶΪֶֹȱܵԵʡ
ܴں޵вͬǣܴڻʹٵĻֻٵĻһʹ˱磬ƶ
һ峿ɨѩϴүհѩɨһܴںХžѩϴүһϴүƢãҪܴڵ˶켣ȥȵĴﺰϰ飬򣬺ô򣡡
ӦɶͱַܴʽЮ˱Ǻɽ
ɽƬߵ֣ƽʱֿϪһݣֻҪӦɶ͵żǰͷʱɣżҳŵĴʻƽ𡭡
һ뵽ʻƽܴھ鲻Խ͵͵ֺҪ֪ԼճٵһĺڰϴҲ׬ôǮġżһǴֱʣΪճǵһҡ˻ƽ𣬽ӻصܵܣͻطȥӡǮҲòںڰˡټһֵܣСطʲôңӶóһ
ۼĿĵԽԽܴڵԽ뵽ƽʱܿģһȥֵܣһ˸Сȥֵܶһˣлˮ꾳ͣճҲôĬĬŵܵˡżҽ׵ʱ򣬵ҪһЩֵܵļ°뱲ӽʳȻĶԵǣ
ܴǸѣˡҵֵѺֵܣҿǷֵúܿġƫƫЩ˶ҵֵܰ
ϻһҧ˵ĹУôһĬĬŵˣȻպյҵֵȫԺ£湻ĺݵģ
ģӦɶȻˣܾûǲʹ졣
ܴͻȻԼڻеӦɶһۣĿֻͣһ룬ϻȥǾ޴ز
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һѸܴڵĸ㼯ͻȻͣùɫӦɶأһҪһҧȥĳ嶯
ͻȻʳָ󶯡
ģôֵܣô๦ҶˣΪЩƽϵƷŮ˿ճԵģԵģ̧ܴͷ죬Ǽ쵰Ҹ֪ҲԣʵҾǣͷǶˣԲˣҪԸֵܼɫˣҪ
ܴڶ£ӦɶѩȻ˴֣ЦˣˣҪˡ˵˱ңҺܲԸģȻһ
Աϣܴ˫۷Ź⣬ֻ֣Ӧɶδɽץȥ
޳ܵģûô޳ܵġ
һ
ܴڵĶȻֹɫʱסüΪ衣
µֱͦ壬ƺΪ˱ʾԼңԴûڶֻɨܣ쿴
к޳𣿡ܴڴ𻰣Ϊľðٴ˵жϳλá
⻹޳ܣ¾Ȼȥֵ汳˵˼밹ࣿ
ߣܴһȻ˵ҵ˼Ǻܰ࣬ҵжܽôһǰҪûʲôжҲǷ
˵ֱûȤĶ䲻öôֲǴӡǲ㷢ҵλãôҲġԸˣ͵ϮֶΣǾԼˡ
ããѩͺççҹһγһɵĻɫضΡ
ƬɫУһӰ˳
߹ӳͬһ÷ѩС


141 ؿ
һƬѩΪͦҶû飬Ʈܴڵ۾ϡû˭Ϊ۾жһ£ָܴѩĿǰѵ߳ǰǸ޳ܵȥ
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ˡ
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㡣ˣܴڵһЩ֮ǰ̽˵ʵֻһ꾳Ͱˡ
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ܴ˵ȻǵãԼҵү
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ܴҲЦǶ̣Ѿܾû˸ҺҶŸˡ
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е⡣ܴڳӦɶ쿴һۣ̰Ŀ͹زϴ۸һŮҲˣȻҪڶ
ȻЦ΢ЦȴѱЦѵŮˣǣҿԵʲôû
ڲǣϾǡܴʮ㡣
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣ벻ճүȻֹһԳܡҲӦɶȥŮӵȷˣʵû뵽һɫ˵زˡ
֪ӦɶݣܴţңĪˣˣѾͷڴϹζ
üͷһ壬ҿҵˡǲһ£㻹ΪҺһ֮ѡ
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ݾֻΪһ£ȡ㹷
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ܴ֣ЦҲá˶࣬ʰ㡣ԼҾͲˡɵˣ껹ҵġ
ݵɵˣҲΪճǳһ
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ܶ౻Ҵܵˣս֮ǰ˵ĻһԵõģұȥܴڰ֣ǹһЩ˵Ůˡ
ܴҲԸӦɶˣһӵҪģûܡ
뿪Ӧɶʮͣ£վš
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Ǹմţ·ʹӰƺȴ׵رá
ܴ֪꾳ľֻ꾳Ҳûô򵥡Ĳţ̽Ϊ
һĽܱ׶㿪Ҳ֮е¡
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Ҫˮܣѭ򽥽ǿԼĻһȦһӹˮȥһ¾Ͱܡ
ʱĹ·ٽȭÿһȭȥͻӦһƣڻȭͬʱȣȣȻǴȣҲӦĲơһĶʹȥݷ·һưΧסʤ޿ɱܡ
ܴȴѽ֯ıȴݵĻӰһһ⡣ݲٶܣǻ⣡
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һǻӰƣɵֵסܴڵǰ
ܴ¶һĨȻЦݣֲøôţԭʵ˵ġȻǸ꾳͡ôأˣҿˮ꾳ھϸüΣ
Сӣȳ֣үô㣡ݱ¶ʵܴڷӷˡ
ȳ֣
ү˵
á
ֻδݵĸͻȻɳһٶȼ죬ںڰּΪۡݻ˵ƣͻȻôһ֣ܴڷʤԲģǱûйڣҪܶǵ
Сӣ͵Ϯܴ
ҿʼ˵͵ϮԼȳֵģҲų֡
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˾ģٺϷˣҪʱɱ
ؿȻ˾ģܴһֱǻԲԲԭתһȦ׳ڵһɨɨĵʱžը쿪
һſˮɵĵӱеһмʮ֮ʱܴ˫˳ǰһƣЩͬһȺ۷㳯ݷȥ
ڷйУеĵǰƣΧĵһֱûɢǳţƵķΧԽԽǰʱǵ֮ơ
ݰһԼȺסûȫʬ
˵ȫʬǻҵԼһ־㲻ˡ


142 С
ܴڵֶιȻֵ̡ЩţʵǸݶĻ
ݰ̾һʹѸٺˣСͨʱһľϵĹӴӸֶһ˺ݺݵڵϡ
һ̣һ̣ʵԿͼڵĴͻ
ԳħγɵͬʱǸȺʱϡ
žžžžžž
һͬԽԽ󣬷·Խ棬ƾԽҡʮʧ
ٿԳħţȻĶ
еɫҪ֪ԳħſΪݵֵ˲ٹûгֹ󡣿ܴڵһǻȻͰŴݻٳӡղŵġؿ㣬Լ̵ǵסˣ
Լͳ˰
ǻûôܴϼӳӡҾԲֹһ㣡ǸĶ֣ҵúԴ
Ҳܴһʼ
һ꾳ֶͣεǲ١ʼǵмǿĹмǿķֶʹûֶˣ׼ɣߣ
ܴ˫գһǰһڼϣ·һڡ
һ̣һɫâи֣һɫͲ
ͲĿھԴС
ܴڵ˵ճǷǱҴܵĶ֣ûһܵסǸǰҲǰϣ
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ǸˮɵġСڡȥûܴ˵ôͲĿھҲֻԴСôˣȴҵġܴʱҲ˻
ǻƣ
ߣһӡΣţұһӡΡͷϣһˮӡ
ӡʮ֮ߣ
ӡм䣬ݲֵ֮
飡
޴ıһżˮɫŴӡСڡ˳һ֪Ȼˮ۶ɵģһǱѹˮˮĳںһȻһһѹһһļѹͨĳͷųȥ
ͷųȥ֮ѹûˣѹûˣһԭѹȱˮʱõͷţǰ̣ɱħħ
ȻֻСڣ㹻춯أ
Сһݱ֪
ԭ÷ǿӡпסСڣӡˮӡܴڡڣþٿأӡһȫУֵСڵײ
飡Сںӡײһ졣ҲڳǱɽճ֪ж˾ѹֳ˴Ķ벻ܶˡ
󣬱Ũܵ
ܴϵɫѱ÷ǳ࣬Ŀ͸Ŷݣԭˮ꾳ʵʵ⵹ˡ㿴ȥʮ꣬Ȼˮ꾳ǻãǶʮǰɾͻ굤пܣֱǸ𾪵šѹԼһһ˵үˣǼ񵽱˰
ܴڼԼҵǻ㵽ˮ꾳ԭҲǵסҵСڵġ㾹ȻϼӳӡˣպܵסҵĽ󡣡
ܴĶֽսóʵǴӮġҲνǱűʤģȻǱʤȻ¶Ҫɱܴڣǻǰ¶ʵɣ
ЦôΪҵʵʵˣ㲻һأʵľ꾳ͣ
ܡܴҡҡͷľ꾳ˮ꾳֮ǳɾľ꾳ٶѴﵽ̾˲ƵĵزҵؿûκвʼҲǵĲ˵ľ꾳ˣǱвǿǿ˲ϢƶСɡֺαǰʵһͿ԰һܣα˷ʱ䡣
ܴ˵Ķˮ꾳лݶľ꾳Խڴˡ
СҲֻһζ˵о徳ֻҪж츣أǰж츣أҲҪһٻĹ̲Ϊǰ֮ȻҲо޴Ĳ𣬵ͺĲǾͲֵһˡ
һˮͻܴ꾳ͣʮ꾳ͻġһľ꾳Ͷʮˮ꾳ͣǶ׾١
ڽ꾳˽ղʮľ꾳һϣ
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Сڳˣ㳢һڰɣݣˣҴµˣ㲻ǵһǰʮΪûжˣܳŹһУ
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Ҳеܲ죬ԭΪԸܴڣôʹӳӡƣҲܰ¡ȴû뵽ȻƵʹ
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мһǿҵıƣ˷ɢͷܵҲæԵһˮ˷бɨľȫݻ٣ϵĻѩҲ˲仯ΪС


143 
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ܴڴ̾ȥѳˣԼ˵Ӧɶ컹ʲô񶼼ˡ
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һϤĸоӿͷʶܴھȻǰõַһȻսʱӳӡ
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սûпڣϣ˸εѣ
ܴƣģܶ϶ȷܴڵһɱˡȻ֪ղżӳ˶ӡţһͷųܴڵĻĹ⡣ֻҪסһʤˣ
ʹһʷϵһҲ˾޴ĻĿǰ״̬ҲֻʹһʷϵһˡԼʷϵһסܴڵĴǼޣǾԵסũڵġ
ũһںСɣݸţũڵϾһӶô򵥡
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ĻľҲ͸֧
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Ȼľ޴󶯾ȴ̲ס̧ͷȻ㿴һԳħŰεض
΢΢һЦΪ֪ڿʼЩؿԳħǲֵܵסũڵġûֶˡ
뷨ȴֿԳħŵĺ棬һ޴ĸܺڣѩܴܸߣĶˣȴֿĺ棬һƾɵɫڰУһɫˮǴȻСһȻİ׹ٵתţȻǰЩɫˮһԳħϡ
Ȼ漣ˡ
Գħŷ·ͻȻǧ򱶣ڼũڵĺ£˾ҵĲ⣬ûбһӣ
顪
ũڵĹԽԽ͡գԳħŻǳܲסɢɼ顣ʱ򣬼ũҲֻʣһûдǸͱΧڸΧĺȻ׹ɡ
ݵһֶʹֱǳ
ؼ䣬ָֻƽ
ܴǰͬ񼣰һĻǴľ
࣬үǵһ˷ѾĶ֡
һȻ£ݴӸһӣͰڶɴСص˸С
ܴڴݣ𾪣ʵ㡭㾿ʲôˣ
ݵѾ߹㡣Լңݡ
ܴҡҡͷһݣ㵽˭
ݣûСึԣҪ˵еĻҲһ
˭
ѩҹɱ֡
ܴڶʱסϽͻȻ࣬˫ðȻĹ⡣
Цţǧ㣬㵽ǸѩҹɱְҪ֪㣬ԡ
ĵ˵ⲻǧ㲻׼⣬Ϊ㣬вԱС
ݸܴôΪѾҿ϶ܴû˷ܴҲܵһɳʧȥĵϢ
ݵԼ˽⣬Ҷ֣
ܴЦҲɱģ
ݵͷ⵹һ̹ϵɡ
ȴûж֣ھС
ôˣеͨ𣿡ʵ
һԣڤڶɴ޸һЩ͹ܶǰҪḻЩˣܻǺƣܴһԡС
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144 һ·
ܴڱ۾ʹ˵ֻΪ˱ûгԹαĥҡ
ݽ͵ˡҵ˼ǣɱ㣬ס̬꣬һΪˣԶ˵壬ٴΪˡ
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΢΢һЦҲûʲôͻȻһɫƯŵܴ͵˺һ
ܴһſˮ̫ˣֶ̫ˡ
ղЩֻһЩ»ҰΪһῼµһȻǵһҾͻص㡣ԺˣԪϣδؾͱһֱճǻȥˡ
һܴ૵ҪҳΪĵһҲ˵ûԹô֪У
һЦСܱʱ֣ɫĹ⡣
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Цڿɾлͷ
ܴڳĬһ̧ͷȫɱңΪʲôҪ
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𽣣ϣɱ㣬С걨˳˽ĶԹ˽⡣ӴԺµһ;𣬹;𣬻֮·ȻΪ㳨
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Сͷܱ븡䡣
ݱӦɶ죬Ѹٵȥ

δʱ
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Ѫ˫ȻһȻ󳯱ȥ
ߣݣҾҪԳԿͷ֪Ǻǵģ

ʱ
˭ɶ˭ֻһϣҵļƻҪɹˣ˭Ӧɶץˣ
ճгǵĽֵϣŭĻܡԭѺӦɶã磬ͻӦɶ˦Ȼ档ֻһϣӦɶ챻ץߣԺһػΪҽҲڵصס
˭ô£ȻԺ°Ӧɶ죿
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΢΢һ䣬Ц϶ֽţܲҵĵġҵҪ˭ץ㣡
ƷʱһԾٳǱȥ

ʱ
˾Ժ۾һоζǳţζʬζıǻ
ǰ·ǺһƬ˫ֳŵأȴ֣ԼǳֻһƤ˺ѵĸо
ǰĻ棬ԼǼһ廹Ǳˡ
ͷȻʲôҿ϶Ա϶ˡԼûΪʱļǣǰķһԾ
ɶ񡭡Щ֣һҪ𣡡˾ҧһǰȥͬʱڵѩɽҲ𽥿ʼ
ˣǵʧְǧҪ°
ҡ㡣


145 ˿ڣĺ
˻Ľ
һƾɵá
ѩѹڵϣûнƺͳѹեĻĽһƬ۵ѩסöȫѩǴӸ߿ոͿôһôڡֻããѩһͻĲ֡
ƾɵĴУƮƺ̡һŻȼţӳݵӳӦɶӡ
Ӧɶڻԣ泯졣ߣĬĬؿ
֮ǰѣݰӦɶ챧ڻûϸϸ
һĿղˡ
󷽴Щ΢ݣʽľСģȴγߵɽ塣¾ô˯ţο϶Щ½ޱȾ̾룬ôСӣ֧Ȼġ
ٿòһ̾ŮӵôͯǸɶ
ѹܴڻôȲˣŮӵĻˡݶ̲סֹһ䡣ûɫģҲûʲôСΧûʲôѣͺ͸˵˵࣬ΪĵĻͲ࣬ҲûкŮ֮¡оǼ죬η޵һ˵ЩƶЦȻѾʮˣЩֻ¶͸űɴˣȫòȴΪá
Ů֮¾ӦԸٯٯ࡭ܴӲϹûȤʵδµ֪ĳЩϲܴǰֳĻֻǰӲϹѣǱݿһЩؿζֶΣ֪᲻ݴС޷ֲĴˡ
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΢΢ü֮ǰܴڽֵʱһֱѩģ·ʪġȥǻġ
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Ӧɶ˯ʱܵġС˯ϰߡԴӰԺ󣬷Ųʱ˯ʱһ˯ȹ˯ȹҲǼΪɼ򵥣첲¶˳¶˳ǰĴҲĵĺ˿̽Ŀк
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ֻҪ˿Ӧþûˡ˿ȻЩȰѪֹסٶ໨ʱ䣬ûġ
뵽ݲԥƴˮӦɶȹ̽ȥ
ʱӦɶգգ۾Ժǰľ£ԺԼܵʱ龰Ҫʱ򣬺ȻоԼʪģһɴѪζ˱Ƕ
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һ֮ӾԼȹ¡
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Ӧɶ첻ʲôٵĻһ̣κٻ˵ٶȶҪ죬ؿһߣ˶ʱõĽ˫ֱϥһֿ־ģĶݡ
㣡å
åؿڣָԼıӣ˵СˣҼһֱѪ֮ǰܴŪˣԲſġ
ѪˣûиˣӦɶû˵˵ˣǺ˺ƨɡ
ʵ£ʲôҲֻ֪֪ˣһ˿ڣĺ
Ӧɶ˫۵ɵԲҲŵϿÿƵĿݡ׳սʲôȴ޷ڡǲһ˿ڣŮԵġȴָӿ˿ڡգһҪ⡣һ֣ôǰ׳ռһʲôѲҪˡ
ǣ˳㡭ˣ
ݵͷһµģֻЩǸ˵ðС㡣ʱѪĺܼʵΡ
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˵С㣬ʱҪƽЩˣҪ㿴㻹Ѫ
Ӧɶĸˡ
Ӧɶ߹ȥغС㣿


146 ˵ɰ׳
ۣۣ
ӦɶͻȻһݷȥҲ˫סݵĲҡ壬ǱסһѣǷĺ
סˡǰߣݶа취õķչ򡣵ƫƫӦɶѡ˵ַʽŮӵĴޣԵЩΪ
ۡô죡ô죿̫ˣ˼ﶼˣ˼Ժôˣ
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תؿӦɶ죬˵С㣬㻹ţҶûκζ⣬˭֪Ҿ˵ɣʵҲɡΪұǱܴȥġ
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ǰҺҵŮСڽܴڣСһ۾ϳԭҲûб˼ܴڿС󣬾ȻҪСߵ˼СȻŮãñ
ݾԼ֡ƽʱ٣ǶǶˡһİˣô໰һʱش𡣿ÿӦɶʵͻʶش⵽ôˣѵΪԼռӦɶˣǰ˳ˣ
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˵Ա߻иݣݲ֪ԼݣҲͻƽĶԴԼΪԼʲôԼرչˣʲôͼ
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ҪΪԼ죬ֻһ춼ã
⼸Լһ׸嶼ν
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̼ӦɶȻ첻ûسǣʹȥɣҴСճǳ󣬻ûôţܺأ


147 
Ӧɶ˵ĵȻǼٻȥĵطܶ࣬ʶҲܹ㣬ֻÿγȥһȺ˸ţҪȥĵطҪˣǼѰźõġɿ
ڳĻûʲô⡣Ӧɶ˯ȹǣ㶮𣿡
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ûϵҵĴģʱһˣ
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ȻңɫͻȻһ䣬ߺȵͷβʶľңҸѾˣһֱð
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ͷβݾһԣ˶Ǵѵװ˾ôȻῴ
Ӧɶ˵㣬Ļֻ˵һ롣ǲһǴǸͷβĴʷϵһ
ݰԼﵱ˿ڣӦɶ࣬ԼʷϵһݣҲޱ𾪡˵壬ȴûаݵ͸׿˵Ҳ벻һ㡣
ԭǻӱѾˡһֱð
壬һҲʼѵĻ
ˮ꾳ľ磬ɵսʤţǲԵеţ
ӦңݣΪνݣȴҪ¶أ
ѵ
ĿģҪɱݣΪұ
ǡӦңңŸһĿģ
ӦɶۿݶԻȴ
Ӧɶ뵽⣬Ҳ뵽ˡûףôͳӦɶĽˡ
ʱ۾˳ޣɱ⡣
Ѷɱġ
ô̵ʱ䣬Ҳˮ꾳ⲻȫ鹦츳϶Ҳõĳֻһսսˡ롣
Ȼ彫ջɽУúĿⶢݣŭݣѪϴ֮𣬽ҾҪһ


148 
ұһָ죬ʱһˮðֱָ⣬ָĳͷϻһԲε
ǹУһ㱧ŵͼǡ̫֮⣡
ȥӢʱݾ̹ǻʱıڵֱ̫֮ʵı仯ֻǿһۣƾͱǰ֪ǿ˶ٱ
ˮ꾳壬˿Сֱʹ
治ҪݶվſڵӦɶ캰һ䣬Ȼʼƾۼ
žͷŻٶҲԽԽ죬ǰҪϳʱ䡣ȻҲ̫֮⣬ͷ˲ĻȻʹֵ
ڻͷųʱΪ˸ߵľ޴Ⲩʱ̫֮Ҳͷ˳ȥڻǰ档
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152 
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Ӧɶһǵͨ죬Թ֪Ҿѧˣߣ
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ܴھǸ϶Ϊµһˡ
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Ӧɶ컻·ʰ׼͵ʱ򣬸а׹һһɫŴ
ɫǰתһɫ쫷磬ʱû˭ȥжô󣬶صע쫷ڣǸƷĴڡ
罥ɢȴûпԼ뿴龰ǰģһɫĹӼ
֮˵ǹӼΪȲӼҲӼ֮κοԽгֵӼࡣƫƫһӼ
һɸߣɿӼ
꣡
һѵ죬ӼмͻȻѿһӣɫӼ䣬¶ںʡ
￴ǺںĶʲôӼȫȴܹ壬Ǳںһճ״һΡ
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ͬȻЩ֮⣬ܴڴһס
֮ͦ£ڸռ䣬ŭ죡
ܴڣɹʬ
лӽԸ䵱µļȷ棬ʹ
ܴ


154 ⣬ġ
У£һһĸߴɫʬʬһԲԲͷ­ͭĴ۾ϴССжദõ˰̡һ˿˿ɫâЩ˰ƮƮԺ󻯿һſɫĿһһɫ⻪֮С
С˫˷ܵĹ⣬ϲľ꾳̫ˣʬΪȻˣ
Ҳ˴ܴͷųľ̲סʵС˼ǣԺܴھľ꾳ˣ
С͵ͷûΪǿжᣬʬΪûлٵΪҲܵӰ½ȴû뵽ȻʬΪȫ
Ⱑؿܴڣ͵ڣֱܲӽľ꾳Ϊµһˡ
ܴݵгмҪҷʱݼžʱţ־ȴǷǳݺСĶԻնɱȻˣҲȫɵݺսչʾôֶΣ֪ԼٺսʮٳҲԲǶ֡
ȻǾȫȫĳɣ˼ܴڱǰƣԺҪոܶħֽģǵõݵĳţԺδؾͱ˽Ĳ뷨ܴڲʹʹɱеľ档
ǰԵѱնϣȴݸġܴǶˣǴˣԼһʲô
ȴ֪֮٣ȴѸıȻ
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ЦЦܴڵ̬Ⱥ⡣ȻǸºԵˣϵʱԡΪǸеԺ»ҪԼľȨ
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ǡҡͷܱô϶أܴµһȴĸ
԰ܱ۾Ź⣬ԴЦ԰Ǹµĸ
ţǴӴԺԪϣҪ˴˷֡С˵ҲһСطһ죬Ҫȥ׷ѰءǸʱ򣬻кܶҪ
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˯ȹѴߣȡ֮һɫӡһɫƤãϵһɫȦյýģ͹ԳΪעĿĲ֡һԾ紦ӶõｫǵĹĹĵģ滹һƤã·ֻҪһǶͻὫƱĵѹ֣ѡ·Ҳã쵹ҲЩƫƫѡ塣УĳӦɶ弸ûС
˿װŮ˸ҪװȻһ˯ȹӦɶѾˣһŴ䣬ǰһ
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ؼǵǸ棬ÿһÿһˣÿһ仰
ļǵãԼӦǸŮ
ȻģһƬѪ⡣
Ҳɱ֪ûޣϮҲֻͬ䡰ơʺԺﶼ᳣ֵһĻֶЩֲĹֶοܻᵼıⲢҪɱ
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Ҳ֪ԼԣնҪɱҪһֱԼģԼ
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ȼյĻ棬ʱƮ裬ʱһצץţʱ񼴽ɢһƯգ潵ͣۡһںʧ
۾ϵļ΢΢һ飬־һָӵϱŵأĻܡ
ܵûΣպȻԼɣɵĸоͬԡ˯֮ǰɡ
峯ԼǰȥʱС


155 
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񾭴ûǰǸĶֱӾ˳ű壬ôû·
عͷ۾㲻Ҳû𣿡
ҡԼǰȥԶԶ߹壬ҵ·أ
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԰أȥˣѰʵǵ·ʲô·Īǣ
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Ҳţشôʲô㲻Ҳû𣿡
ܸܵ
ɵʵܸܵõ
ƿڴϻ׳հҲŮˣ

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׷Ӧɶ죬ҲΪĹܣ
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ȥıӰ̬֪Լɹˡ
ߣҲϻصճǣѷųȥݣ㲻ҵóѣҲóѡ¹˭֣ڻ˵Ȼҿһܴ֮㣬ǾҰˮɡ֪ܵԽ࣬ճǾͻԽңˮҲԽ롣ˮԽ룬ұԽܴ㡭
ԣץ㣬Ī
Ĺ⡣


156 ֶ
ûӺһŮһ죬ûС
Ȼָһ죬ǵһ죬ݺŮӵһ졣ȷݴûо顣
ԣвκγɷ֡
죬ѩз硣
ǰݺӦɶǻճԱѩǰѩأֻǴֻƽԭѵȷȷѩء
ʵ濪𣿡
ӦɶϲЦܿģ
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ҪҵƢͲԺӦɶͦصʲô£˵š
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Ӧɶһʱ㶣ΪԼʧԶڣæ㲻֪ɣŮ񣡡
ЦȻ
ӦɶΪ仰ڿ佱ȴȻ֪仰Ǹողԡ
ʱĺܿ죬תۼ͹һ졣ݺӦɶããѩٲȻ֪һȥ
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СϣŸչϣݱӦɶļ򣬵¸ҵ㡣ûٸ¡ȥ˯ˣʲô½Ҿǡ

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ǰûܴڵʱ򣬾ʹǣܴڣʬܴˣĻŻ
ֻǿϧһֱΪԼ֮ǰŷˮ꾳͡ȴһ䱨ԹĻ˵ԩ


157 ɱ
һǰǺӱ޼ƽĻšͷǻҪڣݵǰһֻϡ
ܴڣˣȥ档
ŻĽݾȻתŻ˵һ˲Ļ
Żŭȵˮ꾳ڣʲôˣʸҴ򣿡
ݻûͷСܣľ꾳ͺ򣬹˰ɣ
ʲôľ꾳ŻСľ꾳
ô仰˵ģһһɸߵӰͻȻŻԣŻδӦʱһȭȥ
Żʤһȭڵء
η壬ǰһɸߵʬߵԭҵʬݣֲôţȻͨһˣ
̯֣һ޹ı飬ʵ˵ʵҺʬҡôһԵ̫ûˣԵԼ̫ҪˡôҾ͸ɡʬҴжģķ
Ż˰죬ȻЦ
˵ʬҶģЦЦ
Һ֪ΪʲôЦݵ
ݰݣûмʶ֪ʬʲôľ꾳ʬһˮ꾳Ļͣոľ꾳ʬ
Цûʶ㡣˭˵ˮ꾳Ͳոľ꾳ʬбأ
ѵʲôĻ
ˣҵǰ˵޷ǾΪ̽ҵʵʵĹ⣬ɾҸҵĵϸأɱô㣬Ҳܻ뿪
ЦŻЦΪ˭Ϊѩҹɱ˵Żһͣʵѩҹɱ֣һԼҵˣ˭
ЦȻѾˣΪʲô˵Ϊʲô˵ѩҹɱ־ң
ⲻܣŻն˵ѩҹɱһҹ֮ɱ꾳ͣɵɱˮ꾳ô㣿
֪̾ˣȱ˶Ҫһ㡣
һ̣ݵһӣʱһٳǰ
Żʧɫǣر٣
ԡСظرٵң٣Ϊʲôأ
ŻޱȾĶݣʵѵѩҹɱ㣿
ݱʵأ
ܣŻȵ
ܺáЦҾϲһˣҲϻĬĬŵС䡣
ϻ˵ɱ˰Ҫ㳥
ʳָ˰ڣƾ㣬ɱҡ
һ̣ۼŻԼϮݲܣֻĶ
ʮף
ʮף
ʮף
ݻǲ
ɾŻݣ˫ƼĻûһɲǣݵͻȻֳһĨǳǳаЦ
Цݣǳ
ΪҪôɱˣһɱģء
ಣ
һ׵µĽȥֱӻݵŻϡ
ŻϾˮ꾳ĸ֣Ӧ죬̫ˣȻ͵ƶ壬ǵǺĴȼӹ
һն˫ȡ
Żʱ˫Ѳ֪ɵȥˡ
ѳʧȥս
ֻһУһ
ĬĬĳŻȥͷû˵
Żѳ˿־壬͡Ȼ
㡭㣬ѩҹɱ֡
ݵˣ
ˣˡŻһͶǱĽɱҵǵǱһб
˭ʵ
żҼӵ
ţǸ
ƨƨȻǸŻЦݣȻսʤң㲻ҵĶ֣֪֪ҵʲô𣿡
Ҳ֪֪
Ҳ㣬ҵ죬죡ݣһڤģ
αأ˻˵ô󻰡ҡҡͷ̾ⳡսҵãҪңҲһ㡣ҵˣһưˡݳѱʬܴȥڣʼգ˽ɡ
ǣܴڶݵͷ
ܴڶǹ̬ȣŻȻ䲻
ݣ㲻֪ҵľϷһҾ͸㣡
ͻȻЦȻҺܺ棬㲻٣˵һ䣬ҶΪûȤ
ΪʲôŻȵѵ㲻£
Цһҹʲô磬ǽ꾳Ҳ壡ǰǻ굤Ȼ޷Ҷɱ
һ̣ŻҰ
ͻȻãԼԵĲһʮĲꡣ
һħ


158 
˵һԴ衣ֱ㣿ܴڵģˣʱ˿˵ĻŻˮ꾳ͣƽľͷѵȻ޴棬ʣµֻоֵĿͲ塣
ߡܴЦڵ㣬Ļһ˷緶
ݴܴ߳һˮ꾳ͣҲƸˣݶ䣬ܣĿںڰ֮Уǰǽ꾳ҲǸˣʲô
ܴƺݵ˼æ˵ǣҸ߿ˣ
ţʮ˵ϻʲôȥĺֶ
ǣ
ܴתͷһŤŻԥһȥ
Żģȫһ͹Ӳĵء
һˮ꾳ͣͱܴôɵһƸˡ
ڰз·һһ
תӦɶ˯ɣȻš
ȵȡһֻϸִŷסݵ󣬵ҡ
ڣ档룬˽ȥ
һݣӦɶüëʱһţɻݣ˰Уѩҹɱ֣ƾʲô˵ôĻ˵ʲô꾳㶼н꾳ˣù
ҡҡͷ򲻹
Ӧɶ㻹ô˵
ϵʧֳЦݣⳡϷŻûʱ򣬶ڰ˾ˡ
Ӧɶ쾪˵żֶ⣬ˣ
ţݵͷЩ˵ʵŻ֮£ܴҲĲǡֻǿưԵһЩװһЩʱǡҪһҿɾͳŲסˡ
ݶӦɶһЦ˵ǶԵġн꾳ˣµľˡ˵ǽ꾳ľ꾳ˣҲмܲסľ꾳ǿһԾ
ʲô磿ӦɶȻʵ
ˮ꾳ڡݵ
ȷְܼӦɶüǶԵġڵΪȷֵסǵĺϻ㲻һԸ㣬սҲܵ˵ġ
ǰ
ݣŷ㲻һЩͷԡ
ζĿӦɶ죬Цͷԣȵ㣿ǲǻܸܵǵϢֻҸ
ӦɶЩȣôң
ݵӦҼ£㹻ҿʱʵ
Ӧɶ͵һϲɫ
ʲôӦҼ˵ʲô
Ӧɶ죬ҶǴˣαػװأ
ӦɶĶݣʵʲôʱֵģ
ݵ鷳ʱҾͻˡճʱҿڳġȻûпĳ̫࣬زˡһֺԽƣǻ²ǾǴˡ
Ӧɶޱʧ䣬ԭ֪ˡȻ֪ҵݣΪʲôԸӦҵҪ󣬴ȥ棿
ݷʵΪʲô֪ݺͲܴȥˣ
⡭Ӧɶһʱȷѵ֪ԼˣͲܴԼȥˣ˵ͨ
ƫƫӦɶС߼˼άﳤСС;͵ϼˣ˼άǸٹ̡
֪ݵˣҪôҪôηηҪôսľҪôϲ񡭡лƽڳһµӴȥ棿
ѵͼ
ԣܴץңҴܴоȳġܲųܴڴͨһĿܡܴڵȷѱɱұʬĺݺıҲֻǺϵô˶ˣȥңһǸĵĴģӦɶôҲݻʲôı
ԸŵģݵΪԶΪ
ʵҲȷˣӦɶһ𣬾֪ӦɶݣӦɶ첻Ը˵ҲͲȥʡӦɶ棬պʱ䣬Ǿ棬˵ǼΪƽ¡ΨһǰᣬѰӦɶ쵱ѡ
ݵѺ٣ŮѸ٣ͣϲѵ͡ʲôıʲôƣʲôֶΣͳͳûСһУĸ֡
ģ⡣
Ӧɶؿݣ˵ݣʵԺʱҾͲµѩҹɱ֣ҵֱȻ׼ȷһʣԺϸ¥Ϊʲô
ӦɶҲסЦݣΪʲôҪ
Ӧɶ㲻Ǻ±ҿѩҹɱֵݣ
ݵǿҲǿôǲҲᱻ㿴㵹ˡҲԭѾ˵ˡҴûԼϣҲû㵱ӥȻˣΪʲôҪ߸ϵͬвȵ룿
иԡܶȴֻ¥Ŵճյš
Ϊǰ㵱ӥһֻǳƯûаµӥ
ҵʲôѵҵϣԼǸ߸ϵӥ
ҡҡͷҼûô΢Ҳûô
㾿ҵʲôӦɶܺ档
Ӧɶ۾һ£Ұ㵱ѡ
Ӧɶϵ̣ؿݣ૵ѡ
ҡѣ
ӦɶȻԼ׹У·һʵвܻĻ֪仰ǳĵġȻֻʶһ죬ܸܵ顣
ѣѣ
ôۣ
ԭΪһעϡУҲֻΧԼΧ겻ɢֻǷԼѾͷżȻðһɵСˣҿģҲٵʹ͸õȻ飬ֻǱİֵ١
ѣ˵ǶôңԶ۰
ͻȻЦӦɶı仯º͵˵ɶ죬Ժ˵ܲô𣿡
ôࣿӦɶ˵˵Ǻ֮ǰֵ˵Ŀ𣿡
Ȼԡһֻ֣ӦɶļϣͲʲôӦҼʶӦɶ죬ֻҵѡ
ģӦɶ۾
Ȼġ΢Ц㲻ҵѡ
Ӧɶ켤˵ôᣡѵ˦Ҹ㣬Ҫˣռҵıˣ˦ŶûУ
ſ˫ۣû˵ʲôֻЦݵĿӦɶ졣
ӦɶҲû˵ʲôͶӦɶĻһ
ڴ⻩ĴţݺӦɶӵһ𣬸ܱ˴˵¶ȡ
Ӧɶ쳢ŽԴݼϣû˵ʲôĵĿȥ
һ̣ԺͻȻһͷĬĬǡѵֻѣ


159 ǣ
ǰ¡
˳ǷλССԲϣůƣ¾Ʋˣֻʣʢʢ˵ߡ
죬Ĺţֻһ˿ϸ΢ķ磬˵ļҲͬʽһĴ̹ǡǰʱΣޱȡˣȴããжţ˿Ҫ
еʹȻˣΨл͡
Ȼģ˵ľ綼͡
Żȫ纮̶ȣȻǺǰ˻꾳ôˣٶˮ꾳
̸ƣžƲ˽ɫ˵Ļ
ãһˮɫްվλһһҾһȻɫλֳݿڳԣȴ񣬶б¡̸һޣѵóۣǶĶ֡ȻˣǱظң£顣
λӶһۣ˵ͷһΪ곤վɫްҾ񣬵ҲգóȻ£װ׶Ǿ̫ˡͣȻѾˣǾͻذɣ
ԣӹһĨɫأ
곤ߵ㶼ˣҵȻҲǻصġݵĶ֣ѵǼҼݵĶҵÿЩȥ顣
ƫͷһȥ
Ǵ󺺿ȥֻ곤Сôһ㣬Ŀߴ󣬼ֱܿۺܳһվͬһ㡣
أ
ȥǸ˵ˣʵϻҲȷ٣ǶأҲء
Ǻã곤ߵ²˳٣ǾͶؼҰɣ
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ǣ
վããѩǸεɫӰֳһǸߴıӰȥɫ
ͳȻЩ汾£ҲڱԼ˵ôǵ٣˵Ļ޷ǾǺǼһԸһˣǼҼȻΪץӦɶõĹܣô֣
ӦɶֻһУֵʱӦɶ챻ԼңֻǱӦҵ˽Ӧˣʱ鷳ˡߣõĻװߣ
̧ͷֳ뿪ķһһȥĬĬ˵ˮ꾳۷ڣٳδ̤ľ꾳Ȼҵȥˡɳѽ꾳䲻֪٣ҹһޣҸĻȷЩ졣ľګʵϸŹġ
ľ꾳ͣһǿޣҾͲţôⶼܻңҵÿЩȥñˡ
ӰһݣɲǼʧѩɫ֮С

ϣֻƯںϵɫˡΪɫѱһ޴ĸס϶¥ΧǰżӰ
УܱܴңСվݵҼϣźãã
ݺȻǿɶ׼ˣ
׼ˡܱܴͬʱ
ҪսͬСɡֵ
ܱΪͬСɣԲòս㾡ܷģҽ߾ȫҲҪһ󺦣
ãȥ׼Һ
ǣ
ڣȥҺ
ǣ
ܱܴߺĬĬעź棬Ŀг˼ᶨ
ãƺ¶һǳµľģããȵ֣ףͬͷڹһ㣬ҳԿֻ֪ͷ¶β͵һһʱ䣬㲻ʶôȲ齵ҲݣҺʱû㣬Сܱ㣬ǳԩ
ҲˣҶԸֶʱִôˣȲôҪб£ھͳһսʤˣڤڶɴٴαƿأҲģ
ôݴȡ
Ϻ޶ҲûзӦ
ߣͷڹһҿʲôƨִˣ¾һڹ꾫Цһ䣬֪ǲᱻˡ
ޱȣں彻սʱֳûڤڶɴңСܱʱѻصУѱݻ汻ˡһû壬ȴϣԩ
ݶԣڤڶɴĺԺеǰн˭ȥ˺󷽡ʧ𣬻Ƿʤ
֪Щ׷ѲǰЩ񣬶ǼҵľӢǶԼ곤˼ֻԼܣݿɲΪԼ˵Щܰˡ˵Ƿֻǲϣ֣ΣջΪѾоǵĿ겻ԼӦɶ졣
˵Ѿ֪ԼѩҹɱֵݣΪ˱˽Լȴٳٲ֡ǸԼ϶뿴ԼӦɶЩʲô˵Щʲôȥô˵ӦɶһĳܣѾ֪
Ϊ˶ܡ
ҪܣǰǱԼ
˼Ȼʣ֪ҪӦսֻԽԽա£Ļּں
ץʱ䣬ڵ֮ǰȶ󷽡
֣˲ңҲˡ㼸ңԲ㣡
ǣǱΪˣȴֵצ죬ҾҪ˻ҷˣɲҪ飡
һУҵģɣȫɱ»ڤڶɴҲϧ
˫һֱһŭ
ܱ߶ǣ


160 ꣬Ѳǵꡣ
ǵɫ£ããϣڵУ׿ź죬ƻֺ꣬ޱϡ
һɫâΧһİɫƮǡǡЩȥޱȵġƮ޾ϡ
׹̺һ˵ֻǳЩ׹⿴һۣܸܵеĺȻƺκа׹¶ҷ
Уһעֱİ׹ûСһƮҼٵת·ԶŵĶħѣ··һ׹Ϊɢ֮Щ͸ںµʱ棬ڰ׹ĳˢ»ΪС
¥ƾеɱŨңȵܱҪ飬߶
İ׹ԽԽ࣬뺣ˮҲԽԽһֹ󣬺ǳһѱɱҲݻ١Ƚ֮ǰĴδɱֱ㲻ʲôˡ
üͷ壬ŭܱڸʲôҵĻ𣿽߶ȫɱ⣡
ܱдɱˣڤڶɴھͷˡ
ݶӴ˾ͷˣǲҺùҾ
ǣܱ϶
һ̣ȫˡ
ǲɱո
ʱ˿̣һ̨ոЩݽӺȻƬƬĶɱ
ݶԣֻǼʱ䣬ɱԼǰͱκʱĻҪࡣ
ءءء
棬ںϵİлһŨܵĺһ󰧺Ӻдǰһżȿ־ס
оʹ࣬ãв죬Ǿ
ҲڵݣѾˮ꾳ˣΪѩҹɱֺҲᶨࡣǰ޷ֱĺҪĺճǣЩʵǿĻͻܵסһЩͨƽոųɵϡ
СһһĻĻ۵ףվݼϣСݸ磬ˡ
ʵôұʲôˣ
СʹԽԽˡ
ɫص˵ȻֵܣңҲҴѧɱѧҪΪһǿĻ;ͱ붮úʯԶֻң
СͷҲ˵ʲôˣǰ
ܱɱɱɱΪֹݸţȥڶܱ´ʵǶǰ˵ġ
һոʽɱ¾
һݻٺеڶӺﱻںϿջɺ
ɱɱɱɱ
УһŨҵĺɫͻȻ˳Ŀȷֱײݡ
źâǳͣҲ޴󣬾ȻӲĺȻ׹д͸ת˲Ծݵǰ
ýˣݿ壬źâһ͸ߴִɺɫɵĳǹǹѶ׼Լͷ
Ĺ֣˵𣡣
ݸһȣȻܣȫһ𣬶ʱһǿҵˮǺâ˹ȥ
ءִǹһ屻ˮʴ·ͻȻ
СһӣԳħʱִǹ
֣ݽִǹץŭʵ
ִˣĻֵõţݿִǹı飬óⷬĳζ
Ϊβʵ
ߣִǲм
һмЦЦ֣סִǹĲӣЦǲΪЩеЩΪͿҪɱˡҿǲмǲң
㡪ִǹŭִǻ굤ޡ
һ꾳ͬһ㣡֮ڤ磬ֻ֮ȻԸΪ־ң߰ɣδִǹ˵꣬бˮͬһһססȻɡ
˲ͬҪѵѣ˻꾳ͣǼ˲õˡպлᵽ˽磬ʵֽǡ
ڣͱһֻϰ׶ɱˡ
ʵݲ֪ⱻɱִǹµһԱ󽫣ǸڤڶɴûлʱڤҲһǴڤڤڶɴеͶӰģĵһ
УǸʸ񣬳һЩս˵ڤĹ¡ĿУǼ棬ȥеʥ֮ڤĴҲСеλ
նɱֱĳŨصĺâҲQźâЩͷеʸ񣬺ܾǰڤеĹ
һУˮ꾳ڣ
ݺǰǶͬһ㣬׵Ķɱ
ߣһ¶ˮˡ֣㻹ŵȥ롣
ʱһĹȥһոֻûг֡
ˮλ΢΢½ںϾۼʧһƬƬãԼԸ⣬Ŀ԰եɣȫ
Ȼ֮ǰ˵ֻΪԼļƻ
ּܰòˡǼԸѹΪֲ֣ݾĻڤڶɴ
ݼֵҲ๻ˣںȻ׹⼴ݻǰĺǰҲҪ׷𣿡
ֵΪ
Ҫ֪ˣڤ硣ˣȥ֪ǵ˭ħ翴Уһ˿꣬ٽ컯Ȼ֮ٱɱǻҷó
ǵ˲ȴںףΪʲôֵ
ŭȵ˵һΣˣֻ˵һΣԸͶң˵ֵסģ䲻Ժ󻹵ôίãǻһУҲû취ˣֱӰڤڶɴ𣬲ٸκγĻᣡ
Ҫ
ءɵĺУ˷һ󰧺Ҳû˭ӺзɳЭ
ЩʧǷŭѲٷŭˣǼΪ˵ðɣȻǶңҾͳȫǡ
ܱȫնɱ
ء
е궯ܱ֮ǰɳһͶ
ôͶʵ
ֵ֪סԴȥ
ãݳȥǻ˭ԸͶ
ĬһᣬʱһӺзɱȥ
ԸͶ
ҲͶ
ִ˲ӻǣҲΪЧˣ
Ͷ
Ͷɣ
Ͷɣ

ǷŭݣڸֳһĨЦ


161 ڳ
ִ˾ں
Ǹط̳
̳
Ǹطܺңǳ࣬ˮ꾳ϵ
һֱǱǱˡ
ִʵǿġ㣬ĺǿ
ˣ˫ץ¥Χϣŭȵ๻ûУ˵Ͷңѵ˵仰͹ô
һһƣȵǸгɶӣͷ㣬ͷ·꣬ȥ֣
ԣǴʧɫ
ôʱԥ𣿶ܳ𣡣
ϣݰʮ㣬һ˿·ǲѹơЩȻ׹⣬˵һĹǲԥ׷״Ӧ
ݺѾֵֵزˣҪٱҷǲˡͶˣȵֻʤʱǻڲͶݣϾǸȻ̬򵥣˼άҪ
һж˵һ㣬˭ȭͷ˭ǵ
ֻһͷ
һľ˵ǰ˵ȥû⡣ǣִ󡭡ֵסﻹкԶ⿿Щ޷ȫ·ꡣ
кѣЦͺȻ׹ϳһţ뺣ˮըǱģɱģ˳߲ٲģΪҿ·ҵ·꣡
ٴεͷݵηѴﵽ˼¡
룬ֵҲ˰ɡ
һ׳ͼչˡ
һͷ㣬ͷгţӺ죬һֱӵм䣬ǰСܱСңܴڲУһ¿ٵζš
ÿһƬµĺͻᷢЩɱ˵һƷΪʵˣҪݳ֣ǾͻԹԵļ·жӣİԼ׳Ϊ·ꡣ
·ԽԽԽԽ׳һеʿҲɿ
֪˶ãڣݸоһɹǿϢ
֪Ѿܽˡ
ΣҲѱƽ
СԳħܱʹݼΣռ֮ʱȷˣ
˲䣬ʮͬʱˮ꾳ľ꾳
СܱݣֻܻΪȡ߶ʱ䡣
һ߶ľ꾳Ҳͬһ㣬ȡȥ
ݾһ·նκжӵǾѡ
ͨȱ壬ǰľģ·
Ʋֺգɢ
ȫûʱڿǰǻɵһƬԽԽÿһÿһֲһ·ӨӨ¶ôɼ
ʱֻһָоǲһ磿
ط̫棬֮ǰĺ׵Ľ紦ҲΪ£Ǵ·治ұ֤ƾԼҵ
ѾǱĺˣ·ľ޴̳Ƚڸ߿ա
ϱ³˵ġ̳
Ǳ̳ϵһһľ̳ܴ󣬼ǧû⡣ֻӴɫ޳ʶλվڼ̳ϣ泯̳롣̳ĵ濴ʲôɵģȥܹ⻬һнյСЩͬһɫźˮʱĸıɫһû֮
̳ȴ⣬ϿգֻɫӵĵطһʵԲε衣ⵤʻƺ̽ɫʱ仯ɫܻĳһʱΪɫʱʱСÿһ·һ³һϢ
ֻɫŵ˾ηΧż̳˾ηȥĺ˾ηⵤ񶼳˾η
·̳ôɭô׳ۺ׵ЩɢϢôǿ󣬶ŵʮ֮һǰٷ֮һ
С굤ǻ굤
΢˫ۣǿ̳ĵ裬ʱһɼǿѹȸС
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ͻȻãԼ·һڰ硢ǵĺɫ֮Сʲôʲô·ʱѾֹȴеظܵһɹɾ޴ţţԼ£
ǿҵĸоһ̣һ룬һЩͻ԰ٱٶ˲Լ£ӿԼ塣еĺɫӿԼ罫ָڵˮζ㣬ƮĲݣһйƽ·Լû
ķôݺԼͳˡ
֪ԣΪ
̤ϻ֮·һִŵģǼᶨηһ·ն۶ǿǶ٣η壬ȡʤñ顣
ʱ˿̣һɼȵĿ־塣
˽п־壬һҲп־壬һ̣ᵽԼõĪĻԵӵг˵츳ǱʣȻǸˡ֮··ңɼĿֻš
ΪֻлţŻϣ
㣬ݲپΪͷȻȥΣ´ڤ磬Ҳδزٶɽ
֣ڤһСС
ֻǿϧ̳մ²
ɣ֣ĵֿɣ
üأǿнѩɽлӹȥҪԱ
촽ᶨ˵ȻҪ£ҲҪѪܣСܱʹڶ
ʯٵԵܱܴڴʧɫǸ޷ֹʱСȴԾݵļϣǰݺϿ㣬ֹݵΪСݸ磬ˣսǱʤ
СԸּ֪Σѵʱ˵Щõİο֮æа취ˣ
Сûлش𣬾ˬʵһЦȻݼȥ
ɲǼ䣬ݵľһɨգʼѯСԲʱСǳĬӣİղֶ˼֡
СҪʹʲô취ƽֵڤˮʱСǰڶһӣԳħʱٱͬһ֧ӡ
Сѹħնа
䣡
ԳħСĻһȻԭûȴ׵ĹһͷҰ
һԭݾ£պɷȻֹͣǰԳħ²
ʲʲôֵ˫Ѻ쵽˼£òŵǡǡǡ
Сѹڤһأ
ֻɵôܣһѹô
СЦֻڤڶɴд˶ã뿪ڤãôȥˣѵΪڵڤ绹㵱ʱһȻһôⱦʲôϡ棿
ôܣôܣֻǲš
СЩѾûвĺɷһۣǲܣĴΪʲôûأ
ֻСӾʲôͷضСǲţǲš
ǺεͨıٴغϣǾʮǼĻֻ֮֮һҲǸߵȼĻȻôһСУ
ֲȻĵȴףԼڤڶɴж꣬ȻǰʱǼȴͬûľ֮ܡ
㻹ǧǰĹȴϵãôô֪˭֣ɣ
͵һңңǱȻ׹ŵɫ۾һϸСԲ㡣ǹ麣˵ıմƿأմˡմԳ죬ֻСѵҲǡ
ԳԣһһֱСɻ󲻽⣬ͻȻʴ˵ҿ֪麣յģҶǷǳη塣ѵԳС壿
֪麣ȴϵЦͼң֣ĩյˣСķǳǿٺֶ˵߶һͻȻһħɱ
ԳħСȫ׶ʱֻǵһ֣ڤˮͱȫ߽⡣Щں˺ɷĺˮ׷ױԳħȡȥڵڶǵصӿȥʱЩˮֱͷųֵ˷γһս硣
ԳħȻֵĴ֣
ڴԳħ˫غ£ʹκֶΣﱻ˿־壬ŵ޷п־壬п־壬Ҳһп־壡
û뵽û뵽һ鷲ݣȻǸˣҾҲòԩҴû֪ǵݡ
Ҳܾˣĩ֮ǣ
žžžžžžžž
ֵϴһը·ڷһıơһ̣Ǳû޸ȫĻ굤ֵͷţһĹâֵγһ沼ĵǡ
ֻǼʱ䣬굤ѾʧһĹӣȫǸǣְ档
漣ˡ
ԳħǿԽֻεڤˮķɣ޷һ֮½ǵǴ飬˺֡
־Ȼһδ
Сһһ־Ķ֣ʱ̣Ȼʹ˰ԵֶΣСݸ磬ĩ֮ǲɱﵣǷ˫ۣһȡھȻ굤ˣΪľԱ
ܱ̾ϢĻ굤ԭܹ޸Լˣ㲻ΪҲûˣԺһоˣð
Щˣ¹ϣĺֵǸ
ܴڲ廰ǧϹԺǻΪ
ݵСô죿
ˣСֶ˶ֺ࣬ǽ³ԹˣɱǾĥֶζ࣬ǵֶѵˣ
СԾ𣬸Ҳ֮СǸſʴĵǣƵҺȻħ
ڤڶɴѱȫڽɱͳͳͬҼɱֻҪǵԴԴϣҾͲĥ
С˼֪ס֣ٽǵһ㽫ĩ֮Ǵݻ١
ĩ֮ǵͷҲһ֮
ĩ֮ǵϷΪûרͶĽУֻһûһͷųһˣֻܱĩ֮˵ѾǺܴвˡ
ֻҪֲϵĹĩ֮ǵѣֻʱ⡣
ǵȴֵģǻ


167 
űȻŵĩ֮ǣɱĥȻͦĲһƬƬСƬȴǳļ̣΢ĵ˵ɣܱǳȥ
ܴڼЩæʵǲʲô
ݵͷиˡ
ܴս᲻ᡭ
С廰Щʱˣһֱûж֣ȴֻڹ۲죬뿴ڸʲô
ݵ˵֪һӦɶʲôӦɶʲôܡ
Ȼһֱûֻ֣Ҫû춯ٻһġǻ굤кܶ࣬첹׼ս
СݼϣյССݸ磬ܴڿʼȺԸ壬ֶ֣Ҫӭֻ֣ˣǻǰսôԵҪ뿪Ӧɶ졭
ݴС˵СӦɶȻһ֮гǸļƣʵһһδˡڲ֪ٵľΣյʱ˵ϵʲôܣҲ֪
ԴԴϵ׷ɱЦЦҾòûʲôáСѵû֣ҵΪʲô仯
С΢˼ʱ˫һˮ꾳ڣ
ûЦЩһֱûڤڶɴͿսлõľ飬Ϊˮ꾳ڣǡȫսĹͣ׷ɱʲôսʲôҾҪƴɱĥҵ־ḻҵս飬ŵΪεķ粨ˣҾ㣬ֻڰڶɴԱչأܽľ꾳굤ֽһ
СεĹâСݸ磬һеġǹƽģǧĻԵȴҲȱ˶ǧ򱶵ѣֻҪͦȥһܳΪǿߣ
Сͷ΢ЦҶԣЩѣ
ڼӸռгȥɲǼ䣬̧ͷŲڵԶг˾ʱȥɽǰ˵һΣѣôܹΪһˣһûоôΪһǿĻͣԣѣ˵ǲƸ
˵Ļûһø硣С
ȻҲҵĲƸݵ˵룬ֵεķ粨ȥˣøڶɴúñչһûаڶɴٶȸǡ
Спϵ˵ҲδأţСݸ㲻Ե츳Ȳϴ硣˵ھΪƽĹڣ϶רڶԾĲٿأ´οʵһˡ
ǰ˷ܵ˵ó޼ɸóڽΪϣʵȴܹϵģںһ𣬶Ը˷
ţСͬصͷ
̸䣬ݵľͶӰѻصУʱҹӦɶϰ˯
ѩͣˣȻ䣬ڶԸ֮ǰûһСͽ磬Ӧɶ˵˯Ҫ
֪;Ҫ׷ɱĻסջǺʲôֻǵ͵˿սˣ˼޹
ܴӦɶϴĵº˿˿㣬ͻȻһĪĸоӿͷӦɶȻδ꣬ȴǳԡݳ磬Ӧɶٳһ壬ǲ˵
ĪģݾһĶ
ָоͻȻȴ˵ĲѡʱϾȥһݵİ
ֻܷԱ֣ܵӦɶ㷢
ڿߵһŮӰ˯ӡ
ûзκα仯Ҳûֵĳ嶯µգȴ̧ͷߵķȥڶҹԵ䡣
ôˣֻΪ˯𣿡
ԶµӰ΢΢һǷһӱǿгƺһ̱ããҹɫԳ
ߺˣԱݿĵ˵
һ곤ߣòϿȥԵЩϣ·ʮꡣϸ۲ֻʢʵ;Բȥ
΢Ц̬ƽ͵˵Ϸճң
ȴࡣݴһЩʵתһ룬ָĲڲصʵ¾Ͳôˡ
룬ȴû˿ģֶѽסĶûκεġҲ˵ûڤڶɴ֣սݱܸķӡ
ƺǴݵ۾пͲмɫ躮˵ѩҹɱ֣ݡȻһҹ֮ɱҸ֣ɱ˵ôôôܴӮң
ھʵСоʲô磿
С˼أСݸ⣬еˮ꾳ͶĴڡ˸߳ر죬ûдﵽ꾳ǿȸУǾһľ꾳ˡ
˵ף˵һľ꾳Ҳ˼ǰף
һľ꾳ҧ㾿жͣȻľ꾳м
֪ľ꾳ˮ꾳һ󿲣ˮ꾳ôҲκβľ꾳͵ģո˵ļսֻ˷ḻľ飬ܾԼҲܺľ꾳ͶһġĶЩѹ׵ֶΣͳͳʹмܲס
ӦɶԴ£վ΢ЦôҲˣʱůůˣְɡԱϣͬʱھڣסӦɶ졣
ѩҹɱɱٰӦɶȥұؽΪճǵһңݣɣݲŸոȷˣһֲ
ЦЩ촽ĵһѾסˡʵңȴȷ˲͵Ϯͼ־ᣬҵĶ֣ݵĶ֣дǴ´ĵˣľ꾳ݵĶ֣㲻䣡
ȻǿźηƺӳĻͬױʹͬˮһһǿĹĽڵһʱ䱻ɢٴγУѱݵĻû
Ͼľ꾳ͣܺͻԶԶȣҪܹݵֻҲûԵжôѡ
ľ괺
ץסݳͣٺһ϶£ָѩʱݽһζһŵ̲ݴѩϲסݵȽźͿס
֦Ҷï
վ˫ǰӡЩѽס̲ݶʱӱģ֦Ҷûݵͷ˰ס
Ѫȡ
һ˫ſܵסԼ̲֦ҶͻȻһȻԵķЩ̲֦Ҷϳһ̣Լķ⡣
ݶʱ뵽Щ̴̽Լ壬ԼľѪͻᱻļȡߣ
ľ꾳ľ꾳ˬȻĻȻնУ
ֽŶסѩɽҲб֦ҶסݸʹҲݴʱӵԭ
ַʽУôݵľѪᱻʳʵֽȻʳѪħаķţȻȴݵľѪιʳޣ׳޵
Ҳι޵ķš
ħħƹǹа
ݣҾͲжôҵĻסѵ͹ԹԵذѾѪϷ򣬳ΪϷ޵ķϰɣ


168 꾳ޣ
ǵģüͷ΢̾Ϣ˻ǲ̫а
޵˻˵ĺãڲѾˡ
ݵ˵ֲԼ
ʵʲô˼
Цһˣޱˣ˵ĲԼȻˡ
۾гһϸ죬΢è״ƺݻͻȻߴӶҪʱӦһ
Ȼһ׹⣬˵Щ̲֦Ҷȫնϡ
Щ֦òҲסң˵ǲ̫ԴЩ
Ǳնϵ̲ݺ֦ҶѸٿήҺĿܣ亹ֱðʲôǿɱ⣬þ
뵽ʲô˫ȻһȻֺһҹնɱһ͵ķֽԲԣ
΢ЦֻǶ
һСַ·ϷʵţＫʹ죬ȵûЩֶΣѩҹɱĸ֣ᱻס
΢ЦŵҴ壬˵ЩʱѾסˡ
ɶ񣡡˵˼ɫΪѿҾ֪Щֶò㣡ȻˣҾͲٱ֪һ
ޣӦս
ұ۸ϵĴϹʱһ߳һɵ޴Ϲֳ
һ֣ʱЩ𶯣ΪܵһϤյϸܵ
ϸشޣȣצۣ룬ͷϲ¹ǣֻôһͬСţţǣҲûпĳֻһСغӴͺԳƵСᣬⲻɵΧԵЩ
ȴֲýˡ
һǳҲ֮ıˣʱͬһ˰ǰǿĳ
ʱСݵľ𣺡Сݸ磬ǽ꾳磡
Сûп־壬ûоţǿҵ˷ܣ
ԣҲһϲ
ͻȻˣĪô£ѵɵˣ
ǿޣӦøе־尡Ӧøе°١Ҳñֵľһɣðɣ㲻ţһвУ
ܿϧԤ뵽ķӦûһֳϡ
ûгҲͰˣȻֳ˸ˣ
̫۸ˣ
ͨ죬޻û֣ԼѾܵĪ衣
ǵóɣ
ޣҧʱһֳ嶯Ƶ뷨޲Լ˹ȥҧһ
ڣϱȫǹʵҪöࡣݲҵģ޽֮ʱѼơһ̣ӡ޴ȥ

޷һȴʹʲôҲԺΪֶΣֱӲͷƤ˦βͳݳȥ·ûǰӡһ
žž
в죬ݵǰƳһڳҧ˹ȥ
˫ĿһͣǾѳԼҧ˹Ǿƴ޵ϣȴˡ
Ҫ֪ݵƿˮ꾳ƣһǼӳֹӡģȻǰ񶹸һ˵ײײ
ܹһĽŷĵ̾ãʵ̫ˣ꾳Ȼ鴫ղ֮굤޵Уˣ
Сߴٵʲô˰ɣ
Цһο꾳Ҷ࿴͡
һ·ӱܣٺ潻棬ҲκιԼĻᡣƵʹ׷Ǳĵܡ
һĻʮĴЦݰݣҾ֪ҲˣڿջЩΪŻǵģĵȻЩͣҵϣҲûί㣡
ץס޵һͣͣϢ˫ְסϥǴڴг˷㣬ĬĬʱˣÿҲˣˣ˰ɣ
һ̣ݱ˳Ȼ
㿴һӴĺɫӰİסͷһڲϱ
Χкܶ۵İ׹⣬ЩתٶȲ죬ȴһȵС
ţͻȻ¡
оЩԾǰͻȻ˵ʲô͵һ£޲ˣף
ݵҴ壬ǸлǿȻôص񣬹


169 ɱ
ҵޣǺʱǰѾһ̬㵸ɷͷͻķŭ˫ĿͻüͷʾĽڸĺ޷϶ݳ֣ƽʱź˵໰еȱֻö۴Уһ˹Ǯ򼸽ؼףȴڰ;˰˵ĴһκȲˣȴҲҾˡ
ݣҵôˣ
ϷʵĿζĿ΢Ц治һĴѵʲô״Ѿģҵˡ
ˣôܣǽ꾳ޣôյˣ
ݺƵ˵꾳޵Ŀǡ˵꾳ǻ굤Ҳаհյ
Ʋ죬ŭټſԣ
ݵҿûſԡҺ̹ϵģֻãȷʵСͱȷ˵㣬ղˡ
Ȼţѵʹңһװ취𣿡
ҼǵҸղŻ˵˿ɲ̫УȴַëˡһָҰ˰ڣô֪ûֶʹޣѵ֮󣬾ֻ£
ݲԶػӦɶ˯ܴڿһֶۣ㲻ʬ죿Ǵģ㿴ǲΪأ
ɶ񡪡ȭͷĿֱ졣
΢ͷˬȴ˾ԾӸµʤ˵̵Ľ꾳ûˣ㻹ƾʲôҶأ
ŭݣ㲻Ҫ̫
̫Ц˭׷ɱֹƣǼң˭ԼĲػˮ֮죿ҲǼң˵˭̫
ûΪ㣡֣ԶӦɶָȥҵĿ±ûйϵڰңǾ͵ΪֹʬҶҪˣ
ݵͻȻͣͬɵƵĿ
ãͻȻЦ޿ɾҩ޿ɾҩ㾿ǳʲôôģѵ㲻ڵ״ڴӣҪҸ̨£
ðɺðɣ̨Ҹ㡣ݵڹԽԶԽãҾͲ׷ҵ׷ɱ֮ˣӴ޷ǻҪҴȥҾ
ɶ̫ɶˣſ˫ۣ˫ȭͻȻſ˫Ƽ䱬ǿĿϵĻѩ衣
ѩֻǺݣĿˣʵڸûޣҲľ꾳ǿߣδؾҵĶ֣
Цľ꾳ǿߡľ꾳ȻԳǿߣպǳɾ˻굤ǲǸԳˣҲûǸˣҾͽ㣡պǲӬһǰȥ
Ҫ㿴ҵ汾£
˫ſʮָڰʲôԼϡһ̹üԼٶȫƺڰС
΢΢𶯣һſҪڴŻ¶ѿ̲ݡһЩֲ֪ͳͳϻ֦Ҷмֱ̣̽ͬ׷׳ݴȥ
︴գصţɫţԴͷţɱƻߵ·аϣɣ
ת˲䣬︴գЩԭﶬѳŵֲͻȻð˳ҷΧ֮·γһ磬һƬɫ֮СݵЩȻɫȴ˵аһ·׶۾ÿһÿһÿһƬҶӣ·ܰԼһȥ
︴գôõ֣ôõĻһէȥΪϵȴû뵽񶾵ֶΣľ꾳һ˵һĥָĽ׶Σȴ׶ȫıɱ¾ǡ
˰ɣճǣܱʹеҲ࣬ͺúܰɣڰУЦ
С︴աǳٶǾǻǻпܡ׼һ꾳˶ͷŻʹɱﵣ˵ľ꾳ǿˡ
Ȼ׼֮ǰȴ֪ɱʲôȻûǰӦ԰취︴աһ⡣
һ̣ûжܣҲûܣûʹʲôǸа׹һӣһСԲϡǰҲ֮һŲ輸
輸ϣڷһ٣²һѽڰѩӳ·⡣
鵭Ȼ񾲵ǰḧҡ
٣Իر١


170 ˣɱ
رң̽ǻӦľˮСˮ꾳ֻܵǻݵŨ¡ݶɱ¡رٱǿ£Ȼͷųǳɹ۵
ʩչġ︴աݵΧһ硣ÿһÿһÿһƬҶӶ·㣬֯·ǵġ֡ʱݣһƬʳ˻ȺУգһߴ
رһ֣ǻһһƮЩЩʳ˻ǿҵĵִҲзÿһסݵʱһĵ𿪡ÿƬ紽ĴҶҪȥʱһͻӿҶ˺ɷ顣
ƽʱʹɱΪⲻרΣʱ̣ȻɱУɼԼжǶôġ
㲻ֵģȴʵģ
ɱɣǿŵдա
︴աɱﵣ̫ݵܵš︴աĹǿ򵥵мܲסˣƣ֮ơ
ʤ֮Լб޲⣬ƴش߶ѩɽĻһҪԼեҲҪݵصļơҲݻǶɫ򶨣˫ƵĹ⡣
ߣװװҾͲôǿ
︴յ鰡սϵ˰ɣšһ󼫸Ե˵︴ĽԽˡ
ۿݾҪмܲסʱرٵȴ˱仯
ɫǽ඼˾޴ı仯
ˣö飬ۡΪˣ飬ۣرǿǿЩľҲеѹ֣һֶѹ֡
˶ܹľǸжôħ
ˣرˣˡ
ʶɣСһӣΪоĿ
С¥
Σʱ̾ȻоӣоӶԸݣʹõھȻٽ֣
СʱݸӾˡǰֻǾݶɱǿȴû뵽ݵָҲ֮áδݿ̿ϰɵӳɱ⣬Ҳʮ׼ȷ
Ȼокܴһξ룬СȴѾܲˡ
ʵ˵һУС¥һ֣︴աʱѹȥЩצľ֦Ҷһ׷ױˡݾôʮָϵĶ˦ͷ壬һֵеӡʱȴһͷŽķӣ䴦κζйԵĻ򲻽
ݵĵֿͻȻǿˣսá︴աҲӦıø͡
ݵĵҲŸոտʼС¥սӽβһסϻ֡Ȼǳ
һ̣ر˷츲صı仯
Ȼôˣ˵档ȻôĶ飬ɶ顣Ȼôۣ۵˰תǧء
Ľ࣬УѴﵽֱĵĵز
˵ͼݵľ֦ҶԶʩҲܵĳ
С¥ֻǼķ
ϻȴ
ǰѲڰĽʱһ
޿ɱܣ
ǴСӣû뵽Ȼɱĸ֣룬òգò񶾣
һ˫ƻǰס·ҪǸ̽
ֻһܻţҾƴҲҪʬΣݣľ꾳ֵľɱɣ
ͻȻ˫Ʒֿ˫ֲָΪ̫ѨĲλݺһͱҪͨԲеֶβܼһ
˴ĿĵһĻָѾ̫ѨУɫĹâ̫Ѩĳ̦޺һֱֱۣȻȫ
һ̣Ȼһˣ
˹ӣֱͦ壬ľ̴˳ģǳˣ
Сľ꾳ĽȻΪľҪƴСݸ磬Сˣһֻн꾳ŵסľ꾳գ
ΪʲôҵĶֶҪʹƴֶΣѵҾͳһǵñɱôε̾Ϣһ漴򶨵˵СҪš
һۣź˵ѵľ꾳ô
ССݸ磬ľ꾳ӽȻľ硣ʱ򣬻ᵽܶȻİѧģӾаģյҲαװΪħ
ħѵħô
⵹һңħħаһħѾħʴ
áԼüһ䣬ʵںħӡǸŮȻƢ𱬣ԼΪУȴǴġһֱ׷ɱԼ԰˶ɱ겢ҺԥΨȴûһ˿ɱġ
ĵˣֻһеͬ
ԼںѾֳ棬ԺʱָȥԶԷ
⡭˭˵أ
ݣɣݺС̸ʱѾһһٲɣĻѺľֶħĽ޷սˡ
һ£Ի˵¡ôѾᶨ֤ʵһ㣬ҼᶨΪǸµ˾Ķ֣
ûдΪħĻʵ̫ѾһѾһȫ̵
ѷ۵糸㳯ݷȥ
֮ﲻ
︴յļˣﲻ
Իش͸Ϊֶεľɱǲ
Ǽķ̣
磬档
ʵķ̣
ݴʱܹģֻԣΪУ޿ɱܣ
һɲǼ䣬Сݵ񣬸ܵݵĲ
ģеĵ
ܵģľġ
ǿǿɽڡħôҪֻرģֱǰ
ǰѾɱվǷݡ

ʱرٵٴη˸ı䡣
ָı䣬ֹͣ
ֹͣ
Ҳûκ
ݰһҵɲǼ䣬綼·ֹסˡ
ݵͷһܡ
һĹȦԼ١
ΪͱȦ赲档
һֱǰͻ˹Ȧݵ塣
һǵҲսᡣ
Ȼȴͣˡ
飬ȿ־塣
ǰûʲô־Ķ
ǰֻݣݵ١
ȴǿ˼ȿ־Ļ档
һ̣һ׸ӼȻ
֪ʱӦɶѾǱݺĶѡܱıվԶؿݺľս
Ѿ֮ǰӣΪǳӡ
һĳµĸӡ
Ȼֱһ¡ڸһһˣվС¥ϿꡣСҹȴܺڣ·¹ⶼ޷͸ڰɽأԽԽˣ·˺ХڵС¥塣ڽϣȫʹۡʱһӰǰ˵һ䣺Ҵߡ
־壬¶Ӧɶѳʧȥжԥ˵˾䣺Ҹߡ
˴ԼĳϴǵӰ׷ȥô׷׷ϣԽԽ죬ҲԽԽƴ׷ƴȴԼԽԽǵӰԽԽԶԼˡҲ֪̫ûѸ
ˣҹˣͻȻ䣬һע߱һŨܵİ׹⡣Щ׹ȣٲȻһ
Ӧɶˣ֪ԼЩɣĨȥϵĺۼ
䣡
Զһ콫ӦɶӦɶŷ֣ղһоͺһΡ
Ǵ졣
ףⳡѾˡ
ֻԶԹ۾͸ܵ˴ѹҪݵӣεֵס
Ӧɶûв´ʱѾһʬ塣һ߲ȱȫѾܻʬʬ塣һһƬƬĶһǰһˡ
˶۵УѪȵĻһ
ı۾رջظ䣬һ
ú˵ħ˶ӦɱΪΡ˲̵ķʽɱҲȲѡ㲻ҾͻˡҪ־͵ùҵһγԽɱںϾͳɹˡһӦлл㡣
ħ㶼ҪħʴӶĥ壬ǶԸĸϿҶɱ¾һ־꣬һһЩ
СӸݵļϣСݸ磬̫ˡΪ㽾ȻԼһľ꾳ͣҪ֪ľ꾳ˮͿر𰡣ңһħľ꾳
ݵ˵ħܷӳľ꾳
СĬһᣬ˵ͷ⻰Ҳе˶ΪħǱǿĽݾ˶Ϊ£ѵǶԵ𣿡
ݳ˵΢΢һЦ⻰е
ΪҪ⵽Ķ֣ȴû뵽ݾȻʤˣܱ˷ܣҲӦɶͬ⣬Ӧɶ챧𣬷ɱݵǰ
̫ˣҪһܱ
һܱҿܲ𡣡
ܱЦղҵıĶҡ
СҲ޵ѽɱ֮УҲ˵ɹѶȡ뷨ǷǳˡСݸ㣬ȻˣţСݸ磬ǰһֱΪֶԣʺϡڣҾţ
ݵҲǱ֮ʱͻ룬̫ǿңײɹˡɱеĲǽǽ⡣˵ףҡɱǲܵģͼ򵥵ĶˡһĽôܻʵʰնƬƫƫԣҲáûұɡ
֣ҲҪòССݸ磬㲻̫ǫˡ˵ǽţӦһȻ̬ȡ
СԴЦ̫ˡ˵͵˻Цġ
Сһնɱľ꾳ͣں˽ɱҳô
ãҲɱˡתȥ
ʱ·һ磬ﴵɳɳֱ졣
һ̣һߴӰݵ



171 ģҲǿġ
ͣ˽Ųûתǿ󺺵ˣ㻹ҳ
󺺵кβңУΪҡ
ݵȻ㣬Ϊʲô㶯֣
ΪҪĵơ
㿴ô
ˡ
ҵĵʲô
ɱ˵·ǿĵƣ
Ȼ֪һ꾳ﶼո㻹
󺺵һ˿Ҳ֪ˣոһ꾳ȴһ꾳˶ոˡãȴûá
һͣȻ󻺻ת˵Ŀԡ
úεһЦֵ̯һսǱⲻˡ
󺺵ͷ˵޿ɱܡ
Ҳصͷ·һֶԶֵءʱſǰ󺺵ݺ͡
һߴˡ
ĸߴܱĸߴͬΪܱǧܱжôߴ࣬ҲֻȻƺ͸þ߱͡ǰǸѵˣһ˵ĸ߶Ⱥǿܴﵽĵزݾ;÷ǳˡ
˵ֱۺܳԳһѹϥȻЩ񣬵Բ۾ȴֱȽˡ
ݴ鲻Աţ
ζĵ٩ûаѴ󺺶Ц󺺵ճǳ¼ң
¼ңңûûˡҡͷ̾Ȼܶ࣬һ̲סһ䣬ΪʲôҪ׷ɱң
ʵļһ㣬㾿ʲô
ԵӦɶһָۣݵɱ֮ǰңһ˵ֻҪңҾߡ
أʡ
һҪɱѩҹɱ֣ܸӼķ
̾ûиκѹǿġ
ͷֿ˵ûã㲻ҵĶ֡Ľ˲ңں˽ɱҲɱҡ
ųǺ޽·пϵ޷ɵ̬ȣݶеöԷ˵ǶԵģֻҪһ֣Լ䡣ǿĪڳĬǿĳĬĪڳпϵȻĲݶȻãԼ˵ȥԼͶĶˡ
СֵֶΣ˵Ϊ˽˶еֶΣǶԼһּĲ𡣡ݵָ΢΢ǰ㣬˿ս׼
ݣǿ֮ĩˡٺҴҲֻšȻȻпϵ˵ţ·һĵ
Ǿͷϻ˵ɣ
촽ۿȻһ·һӰĽͷųͬʱһǰһݵĸ
֮ǰ͵˽ֵʱϰڳ֣ȹ۲˵ʵһԳȴԥĳ֡Ϊ³ֻΪǿˡ֪Щһֱļ򶷣˽Գ˽ҪöࡣȻˣҳ֣˵ȷǸ汾ˡ
ˣѡ˱ŵҪ֮ơΪֻݲŻԵšҪսʤԼǿĶ֣ԵʤıҪ
ɱһǰһӿܰѻ꾳ɱĽǳͣľ꾳ͣǲУֻǻк󱻻ٵҲǱɡ
ڼҪǿôݺٶľ꾳ڻڣпܸߡ
ľ꾳ѾˣοкڡǺεȵĿֲ
û뵽ҵ׷ɱоȻʵˡӦɶʲôܣóƣ
ľ꾳㲻ǵƣҲǲǳʱڲɱ˰ɣ
ݳӦɶƳһۣķŮӣɲǼԺﲻ֪ð˶ͷճҽڷ׷ɱܾ㹻ˡ
ͣȴվ˿
㣬ȣš
ڽײһʱǹֶһĨ
ͻȻأǰ͵һ壬ȻӭĽײȥ
սȫˣǽɱ
ۣۣ
һǰһڳߴϣֻǷ죬ɢΪİ׹⣬ȫޣֻʣЩɢɢв
Щˡ
ӵڣǵһĽҵȷӵʱ
ʲôȻ򲻶۾ؿųȫ£ֳͳҲûʲôͬƤƤ⡣ϸĹ۲¶ֱʱȴ֣ڳƤ£нɫĹζЩӽɫɢĽż͸ƤһóƤγһʸУ·ǶԸ첲ɽһ㡣
ѵѵţȻѵǽ꾳Ͳɣ
СЩΣȷǽ꾳
ĬһᣬСֲҸϸ۲ˣһлͻһĸı±ͬ״̬˵ս꾳ãǽ꾳ڡֻǲ̤꾳һ죬ҲҪľ꾳ǿϰٱСݸ磬ֻǹǿ׷ɱߡ
εصͷ̾о߾ӽ굤ľ磬ܰõǹľ磬Ȼ档
⻰˵ģȻˣ˵ˣû취㲻ҵĶ֡ݣҹ۲ܾˣ㲻һˮ꾳ͰˡҲǰھǸСط֣һЩúճǣ㲻ϰμˡѩҹɱֵɱҵˣֻһ·׷ɱĵˣĶϵıһЩְ֡һ׷ɱˣӮˣѾӦɶصԼң˵ܡܿϧһ׷ɱңע֮ǰŬȫǰ׷ѡӦɶ죬ҳ¼ҵġҲҳ¼ҵġ
ЦҲ죬һ¼ʲôʸƿҵ㲻Ҫ⣡һֻľ꾳Һ㽻ַûʲôȤȻǽ꾳Ǿٺòˣһûкͽ꾳˽֣պϰ
ôĿ꾳ֻϰôҽڤ磬ȥڤϰɣ
ԣϬһԲϣս
ǻƣСִԳħѴӸռԾݵǰ泯ȥȡ㹻ʩʱ䡣ܴҲѳʩչũڡ
Ȼ֪˳ǽ꾳ͣǰ㹻ʸƵǸֵľ硣ݲûлңұøܡڵڶν֮ǰ˷ҴСܴڡ
һ֣ϱԵʮĬ
СڣƴˣһҪеɱŨңھﴫŭ


172 ޻
ݵ䡰һҪƵĿںţǶڴʱܹõȫһ
ʹʮͷųơ
СȫĻԳħһ
ܴڵɱﵼũڷ䡣
֮ǰЩֹ֣еĳһ֣ǲСġڣѾΪһ壬ͬʱȥ
˵䡰һҪһ˼ǱҪǾҪԼ
Գݵϵѡսپ֪ʵ߹Լ̫ĶǰʱˣʲôеģֻԼЩ˽⡣ȻˣǲһעһӲƴӲѹס
뵽˱ԥݺֵܴСɵԸ
Ϊһ壬ˮ㳯кȥ
·һվϿˣԭԼ߸ϣһ־Ӹָ㽭ɽĺơͻȻ䣬µĴ궯òӿȻ仯˺ХͷһԾɣԶԶ߳˳ĸ߶ȣû
Ӹµĺûˣָ㽭ɽҲûˣʣµֻη塣
˭ܲˣҲ⡣
ںХǰܶܵõľ֣ȴ޼᲻ݵļᶨġ
ܲǾͲҪܡܱܵҲرܣ
֣
ʮָţſ˫ۣǰţһɫĻιâͬչһѰѽ⹹ɵ䵶ӡ¿ӿǰתš
𵶡Էٶȷĳ֣𵶡Էٶȷķ裬·ǵľ˶£ǰĿռ䶼ᱻ˺ѳһ
ǱߵĽʹɽ𵶵˶켣γɵУҵĽ档һʵʵĻ·ʴײĵնһ
תۼ䣬ܵľ۶ϣֻʣһؽصͰľ׮
һսѾǻս⣬굤ΪǿĶսˡѴӸгܱӦɶסһô£屣Ӧɶ졣
žžžžžž
֪ĻѧӦһıƣʱǷŵıҪĶࡣ
̲סһǲʹȣźһ׮ڵءصͬʱһ˳ıǼɨľִݻһЩ
ߵȻԸһ
ҲܣлĽʽʹһҲͺʹڶˣ֪һ׷ɱߣҲ
ڵǣûбжڣ˵ˣıһӣûʲôˡ
ݲĿ£վȻ࣬ߴ
ǲĿ⣬ʹ֣·ղˤӵʱţʺĿǣ֮ǰҪԵýĶˡ
ǵĺһȷһ¾ԾǸܿϧǶԸҡΪǽ꾳͡
һ٣ŵ꾳ʲôоĴɣойߵľ磬ͬҲозǿľ磡Բõĸͬʱý壬ͽղ֮˵󻰣ʮҲ
ݺСⲻǴ󻰣ǻЩǫʵ˵ʮǶʮҲδؾûлʤϣľ꾳ͽ꾳Ĳֹ࣬˵˵ô򵥣Լߣĸˮ꾳ѡ
ݸ̾ΪԽߣԽԼΪ͡ǰΪͣ꾳ʱ򣬾ԼѾ˲ˣϵնɱ꾳Ҳڻ£ϵºΨҶƵġǸʱˮ꾳еˡ
ڣԼˮ꾳Ҳˮ꾳һǿĽ꾳ˣԼͬһ
ɽɽˣ治һٻ
ô죿ܴڽǵʵ
üͷϵ˵óеٷһθղŵĹ
һΣܴھǲ𣿡
СҲЩȣСݸ磬ǵĻѾˡҪٷһΣҲ޷ǻȫʧʧȥսǿҲеġǣֵܿһлҲͰˣǻǶûãǲɱ𣿡
ʵ㻹иõİ취𣿡
СҲѧһüͷҡҡͷ
СԶԣݵΨһİ취ģֻܿˣ
ʲôܴʵ
ĳҲһУǺƴٷһΣ͵ֵסˣ
ݵھСܴʱ֮ǰ˵󻰻ˣѵͲ˵ǰȻֻˮ꾳ڲͬˮ꾳ǵĺϻҲôõֵģɰܾһ֮䣬Ĳѣ
ܽҾͲţǺƴ
ݵĻиȾСܴڲٶ໰ж˸żĹ⡣
ƴˣ
ʲôĶĵĶ
һͬݵļƻСܴڱ㲻κԥǶǺһپ٣һֻݺˣǲŻˣҲˣ
ٴβٵĺΪһ壬纣Хӿȵĳѹ˹ȥ
ɫ͵һ
ݲ׽˳ɫŵԷſԼ²ûԼٷһƴɱв˵Щ󻰵ġ
ǣܻ
ˮ꾳ͽ꾳ĲϾ̫ˣݵ뷨Ȼûʵûס
£ȻѾˣǾ͵ȴ˵аɣ
ݽų
ؿͷ纣ХҲܣֻ˫ȭգƺ΢΢ز
ӣǷŭƣһ뱬ȴּҪߡ
һ̣һĻˡ
ͻȻһɳ죬۶޷׽ٶȶߵһݲ̧ͷڿеĳ
ʱѲˣһ
ǻëǿĳ򣬻Ǽͣ
һֻ
ܴƾȵźѵҲˣ֣
Сؿų˵һûУ
ôˣܴʵ
Сüͷ˵ûв´ĻӦһֻ޻
û޻СӵЩʶĳ򡰺ꡱȶţıˣûзһ˿仯
û뵽⼸ֻСƵʹ޻Ҫֻ֪壬һһǼˡǽҶˣ¼ʲôսҾͲʹȫˡ
ųеģΪʲô˸ߴһ˫ֱɻҪˡ޻ɴµĺ֢Ķʱ򿴵й޻鼮˵ʹ޻ˣҲбú޻ĶԽԽڿ״̬˵Ȼ١
ǼڻƾʲôҶأȳҲûʲôһëӳһ㳯¡
ݼʧȥʩչڤڶɴѹ֣иոոҲڵֿȻĻʱﲻæ
ؼʱ̣СեԳħвһ˿ʹԳħš
飡飡飡
һ̣ԳħŰεضһ仯ţһŸм䣬Ϊݼϱڡ
ںи߶ȣٽ£ĳȶһ̣ϸ꣬Щëʮ̶ܼҲʮôԳħ¡
꣡
޻޻ͷųĻеĻ
һ̣Ҳ֪ԳħеĻ̫٣ԳħŵļӲ̶ȲЩë̫ȻֱӽǺŴ͸
״µݺСǴʧɫǺŶܴ͸ëϣÿ˶ɴ⬡
ͣͭǽڣܱͻȻ֮䴫ϸоһɼŨҵĻϢԼס
ܱ屾͸ߴ󣬴ʱ˺üʹͭǽڴŵλýǱʹġꡱ׷׻ϡ
ܱĲҽĻȫ״̬ʩչ˷̫ͣϰٵë͸ķ㣬̽Ƥ⣬ϡʱһŴ˵Ĵ⬡
ܱݼǵغ
ܱıʮֱŤʱ¶һǿ΢Цʱʹ࣬ݵõңǵƤˣһлɱҡ
ݵܳסáҲǰ취ǻᱻ
С̾ǰѾʹˡ
üǶ䣡
ǽȥˣСݸôأ
һ͹ˣǶ仹һ
УСǿӲ˵Ҳͬ⡣
ܱ۾ųֿĹ⣬ҵһη㣬Ҳͬ⡣ҪһҾġ
ܴڿСֿܱĿصϣ֧֧˵Ҿúܲ㣬ŸոջҪˣûа취˭ڶҵġһ
ݱϾֻһʮ꣬ʱıжˡ
ʱܱɫͻȻԽѿռ춯
⣬СǼʶ͸ռֻ϶ȵǳܱڸãӳ̶оҲǿҡܴڵʱ̣оҲϸ΢Ըռһ춯ܱҪֵĿЩ
Ҳоˣ֣֣
Сҧдһﻹûûˣֻϧһɱ
ݺСʶôãټСŭڣֻСŭˡ
ҽȥСٶ˵˸С
úСǽŵ𣺡Сݸ磬ˣ־Ҫѽˣ
ʮ˵ѲˣֻҪȫѹԳ
ҪֵͻȻ֣ȻѽĴҵѾɹһС֣ܰˡ
ݣھѹסҲһԸ꾳
ʵ
ֵеĽߣҳԸ
Сܱ󾪵Բԣܷ
ֶݵûʲô࿼ǵġѵҳ˼Ӻ㲻ôûңҲ
侲һᣬ֣սʱԻ˫ۣԻٻ굤ˣѵĶ֣
ֵͲˣа취ԸֻҪӦңҵĽȻ󡭡ٽ޵ѹƾˡ
ɶ֣㵽ʲôСŭ޵ѹƣҲѵô
ܱܴӦĻ죬ʱ
ܴҲ˵ͷҲòס
ߣ־Ȼֱ׳һɷȫһ֮䣡ݣʱĽӣǾһǵѡ
ã㣡ͻȻ
Сݸ磡Сܱź
˵ˣѾǰҲڤڶɴˣҲϣУС˵ȥ
СԥҵĻٳһǾȫˣ
ǣСҧһǡּǴӳݼ䱻ġ
һֵ̣Ľ򿪣ѹҲѽ
һ̣ռд޼ɵĴЦ



173 굤޵
ֵĽһ⿪ռеͻںͳţѾûжȥάָռеֻΪΪڤڶɴгֱ䵽ԡ
ܱŵغ⣡Ⱑ
ϧǣܱôͽֵͣҪѹѾĺȻ׹˰裬ûκв
ַ۵糸ƶţ޼ɵԾͬһ㡣
СܴڶشͷˡǲڳϣڤڶɴҲᱻָߡ
ݵؿǰ鿴κα仯Ҳ֪ʱЩʲô
ʱдһ߳ಡһһɫ
ݼ֪зʲô仯Ͳס֪ģռǣ
һǿֵӰʧֻѹеЩŤһһĺ̴޵ëӿһ޵Դʱʱ֡ʹĽţ·ڱߡ
ûã޵ģǱĿȫǡԴѾײһȡ׳࣬Ƥȫ˺ɫƺеĸı䶼ʱ޵ҡ˾ȻֹͣȻΡ
ݷ֣ףȻмƣ
֣ݻȷСѴгȻǿжᣡǿж޵壡
ܱǿжûʵ̫ǿˣ굤٣ԻΪȻǿжᣡ
ܴھǶʬػģȽᣬ˵ȻҵᣬǶʬûʶġȻǿжʶһǽ꾳ڤĸ֣Ȼͬ졣ǣǿж޸أ
ܴʵ˵ϣ˴˳˼һᣬܱȻΪ˻ָ
ǿжɹ󣬻ָȻûΪʲôȰ°ߣҸĵطأᣬǻǳһв
ܱ˵ûҽȥ
һֱδ΢üͻȻȵȣҪΪᣡ
ܱΪʲô
ݱ˫ۣˣٸʲôãǱҪԵĲ֣ǳ
ܱݺݵ˵Ҳ֣ܺôװߣ
ݵһˣס죬
ֹܶؼʱ̣ܱȴΥݵһǶݵη壬ǱʶȻʮΡǰΣ֮䣬ݶô侲ÿһ֤ǶԵġ֮УܱѾ
ԼôִҲһΣ
ŽĲӲ
ݺȳסܱʱڿеĳѾһµĽĳڱչһ֧֧ڰë׷£ܼһꡣ
꣡
һεϴθӴ󣬿Ѿսپٺݾս
Ƿ׷µѽٲ֣СﶼѾǺ£ʪǵʱǾͽɴ⬵ĻᶼûУֱӱ
Ȼ򶨵վţƽĶųһͨͨˣȫû˼µⳡꡣ
˭֪ʲô˭Ҳ֪ȥӦԡ
һ̣һźɫݵָϱͬһƿī֭ڽ׵ֽϣʱ˰סҲͬǰСҹɲǼ˰죬ױɺڡ
Ȼ䰵˭Ҳûп壬ڵһ˲䣬׷ʲô
ֻǵǵ߻ָʱǳͣˣûκκۼ·һëɵ߶ͻĺڰɡ
ڰȻǰתţŤţһߴΡ
Ӱһ䡣ʱô򶨣ҲһĨ޷ε˷ܡ
֣öԸа𣿡ʵ
ͷҲص˵Сһ
ȻõŵĴ𸴣ҲͲٶ˵ˣ˼ֺͳڳռ䡣
ڿиߺȵ˲˹ģǴĹ
б۾Ĺ⣬
㣡ƺˣһꡱٴͷųȥһΣȫ֡
ֶǳ꣬ڷĴƮ˿˿̡
꽵ٵһ̣ͷһӣʱһĨɫǵչҹ١
ҹֹͣ
ٴλΪС
ȻѾۿܹ׻һУֺα˷ѻٳԣ޻Ļû˿вôܻҵĶ֣
˵ʱͶûжһ£ȴַǳдԡ·ЩＤܾúֱӷġÿһÿһ䶼ħһ㣬Ķ󻹾þòɢ
˿϶ĻѾϻˣŭϢйɹһ֡ĸоĪڤĹˣҲûиܵ굤Ȼṳ̂굤˵ʤĻδ̫Щ
ֵЩñڤΪδظЩ˵սǱȽϾô򵥡ǽ꾳Ҳǽ꾳꾳ȴҪ߶ˡ˵ڤļӳɣ꾳ҲСϺ׶ѡ굤޵Уҵ𣡡
һ˵Ľݼȴû˭м򷴲Ϊ꾳ֵʱСܱѾɴ۾¶˼顣
Сͨǽоޱȵ˵ǿжʶĽ꾳һ¡ɹҲͰˣȻеΪ̫ҰˣСһʱ벻еĴȻˡҰ֡
ܱҲֲֵ̫ˣڤֲ̫ˣڿʼţҪɵһ׾ٵˡ
ֱ̫˼ˣСֲһ䡣
ܴڵҲ𣺡ֱ̫Ӣˣ׼ĻæҲ׼ִù
ܱҲǿܴڼƨȻЩǣǲİæ˵ɵ˳˭ұ֤᲻ٷԸǣ
Сܱͬ˵еڵǿж޵壬Ѿ߱˽ıҪɱǣ߱ԺһΪ˽һͷջ޴󡣡
ǵĵĶˡҪᱦɱˣȫԶɹͶֺ֣αػǶԸı£ֱӶᱦɱٿҪɱٶԸɵöࡣţľΪǵģ
СܱĵеģܴȴΪѱݳ۷ݵγ̶Ѵﵽ˼¡ǲܻᷴԸݵģֻпܼ£ΪµһԱ󽫡ĻܴڵĿǾͺСܱͬˡСܱǸ˵ݵĸܴȥȻֳΪĶѣǵǵˡΪֵı£ݾԻһҪλϡˣܴҲֻˡܴڵĵǣո֣᲻ոһָģʵֲģԼĵλҪ½
ʵƨϵܴ˵Ҫ
Ӹµĸ֣¶׶Ĺ⡣ƺֵѹסĿжܲһ˿
ĬãͻȻһģЦһ굤޵У⻰̫Щʤ㣬ʤңҳһ񣬾ܷɵĸ߿գ׷׷ңƾʲôʤңҵսȨʼֻУ־սҲҪ㣡
𣿡飬ȴǴЦ
һ̣ĺɫֿʼһƵĺ̴ҸðͻȻչ
һԺɫĳ
ԶһŻɫĹ⣬Ѫǻɽҽ
֮


174 ǿĲ
ֵ֮ıȻҵȶת˲㽫˿СһԷ·Ѫɵĳǳ޴չɿȶǷơԳһ֣ǶԳԵ̫Сˡ
һ̣ƿȨ׵ĶߡҲ޷ӸµĿֵ֣һ˿η
ַϿк󣬺飬ѡͳⲫһȭӲĻڳؿڡӦ죬һæǰԼססһȭֵķӦ죬żⷢһǵһϥ͵سĸײȥ
ۣһѪӳ˳
¹ϣҲץסᣬĻ׵ķŹȭΪƣΪľնȥ
ëضţԼٶȥ
ӹһĨ֮⣬Ҳ׷ϣأ㻹Ϊû취𣿽꾳£
ͻȻðŪʮֱŭ㾿˭
ֵ㲻Ѿµ𣿡
ɻڤģ
ְȻڤʱȿ¶ڳ̡
ԭǸϹﰵţȴҵˣЩдһζԭڤǰʧʧ۲ʶ̩ɽ֪ǰȻͨȻ˽ȥ硣
ֲӪƨΧ۾ţһģ
ƺͦӣϷ𿴳Ǹ͵ҲϸȻҲ̵ų֡ʵΪߵˣ츳⣬Ҳ൱ǻ۵ġ
룬Ȼڤǰ˽ȥ磬ڤһǸһƢǺܴģҲǺܰģԼɱݣҲǵõʲôϢҪӦɶӶõǸܣǺʲôѹϵ
ѹϵҲΪǱʱضϵȻϵǺ˭ܽڰݱƵزǾ˵ұҪǿʸѡ
̣ǰһ߸ϵαغЩСȥأҺݵ˽˶ԹҪ֡˽õĺôֻ಻١
⻰ǰ˵ޣͺֱˡ
ȴ˵ʲôô
Ȼ룬ȻָӦɶ죬Ȼ
һ룬ӹһĨЦ
ǵ죬ȻϷŪң
ִ֮͵ȶʱһɾ޴ǰתγһУХȥ
һɵ͸ǹܴʹġũڡ
ﾪţͣתһܡ
ˣǱɡ
˵źȥѡһָʱըһƣһѹͷƶ˳
𣺡뿪ֻһֿܡǾߡ
ǳ׷Ǵ򲻹֣ҳ׺ֲһΡֵǾͺһİɣͶ֮䣬˶Էҷ
ޱȸпǧϹºͳһǽ꾳Ľ꾳Ҫȳ߳ǧٱⲻΪ⣬ǧĥ
룬ֽ꾳Ѿˣȵ굤ˣǺεͨҲΪɣ
Խ룬Խ
ĸˣֻܳΪѣܳΪˣ
ڲܳΪˣ
׺ֵļսݻ˸飬²ѡԼֽסˣҲǽеĽҡϾֵһսԼѾʹͨõԴ˶ˣǻƷ֣ǵµľԼˡ
ʱԼѹ
ھ;
ûԼ˵һֱأ̣ͷꪾܲˣֲ֪öԸֻٴͺ˵ǰֵôǶһнģǾ;ܰǿ̸
ѹúֻܵͣٶ˵ȷͿˡȻսˣˮ꾳ľСֻҪܹġ
ȻһӣΪʲôҪ̸У쾭塣
У
ԣ˶һ㶡
ݾȣΪû뵽ֻᵱų˵Լˡ
ȣΪû뵽ݾȻֻĹϵˣһڤǧǰȻԼˣ
ʵ̫˷˼ˣ
ȷһ쳣ȵ¡СܱܴһҲ
Ȼ˵ǻʮ־裬ִ˳ٷٶԸǣӦԡʱ˿̣սʤûκڵֻ᲻ᷴԸǡ
ˮתʱֲǵǵġ
ó֪С뷨ֻ»ȥ˫ûô֣ԼѾȫˡ
Լǽ꾳ĸְټճǣԼߵͶĿⶼǾηİ˰ͽԼ԰ͽ᲻˵ڣȻȫӡ
ǿ
֣ڤǧô˵Ҳһ꾳
ǽ꾳ѵͲǽ꾳ˣëˣƴɱҲܸ㣡
ģİܸ㣬ҲҪʹĴۣ
ҪϾɱôûϾ˽硣ҳ¼ճǵͬСɣҽԺ˽͸ѻˣ
ԽԽڶݵľȹҲǰơֶѾƺΪˣ£ȻѾʡȻ˺ǾҪǿӲһЩĳƺҲĴӡˡ㡱
ʲôռң϶ְʮ˵
ˡڼʵѾǰʮˣǼмȴȻΪʱ̰Ѽ嵱Լʵĺܣһַĵڣʥǿȴ˵ϣϷʺͼһѼ⵶
̫۸ˣ
ҿǰ㼸ӣ㻹ԼɸˣҳҲǺǵģҪӾͺû꣡
һͻȻ󣬾ȻҲ֮ĹģҲֹͣ˶̶ת
һ̣Ŀת˺·Ҫѿ˺һ㣬ɢһ˫޴ֽĿռһһŭХŴһƬƬë֣תۼǿ籩꣬͵¡
¥꣡
Ȼĺпǳɱﵡֵȴ˿䣬ûһ֮СǵĮȫòݡ
㲻ǣһУ
ҲҲͰˣȻɪˣ

ڱʾӸ֮Լǰʱֵǲ΢΢һ˫۶ʱǰһ˫̯ԭס·ĹͷꪺڹһΪһƺֻ̡һʱ䣬ðŨܵḷ́ͷꪳС
ҹ֮
ͷǰ˳ƻһֱĺɫâȻһǰų˹һĻǰûڹ¡ͬһƬţͻȻЩڰһħĴǳԼ˹
һĸоڳʱͷƤëΪ֪ԼҪǱڰˣԼͳˡ
ȴΪ
ҹ֮ɵؾͽû
ˣ
ɫշһͳ죬ٴα
飡
صˤʱĳûˣҲСˣǻָΡȫ˴ĺɫͣնһĨѪ̡
ˡ
һİ£ƽȵأҲûһֱۣݡ·ǱƵĽ꾳֣࿴һ۵ʸûС
ֵƽĮ̧ţһһȥ
ֳϵֿκСܱﶼЩܱȭͷݴսһЩ
ΪʵڲȷֽҪʲô
ȻˣǷе˸в
֣ʵǿĲ񻰣


175 ֻǻȥ
ǶѾвŻеĿ־塣ڤڶɴкּʱֻһ֡ĳ֣ʩչǿֶΣǵֻһ񣬳ǵ˼ϡֱΪǾŻֵ̿ĸԴ
ǣǿĲ񻰵ʵ
Ǹҿ϶ִʱǶ֣Ǿ޷֮ǰֵսֽµСܱܴڶҡ
ʮֲ
ǵ۾֣ÿ߹һǵĶҪһ¡
ڤǧӵ߳
ڻͣ£ǰͣ£ĿϣƫȥСȥ
һ̣ϥ£
Ŀɿڴ
Ӧɶһ˫۾ƴգšȻֵ֪ݣղѾʶֵʵǿɾͰѳ¼ҵһָʰȻôǰˣ
ٳȥһԼҲ˼꣬ƾʲô˼ҵˣ
ֻӦɶ쾪ȣ˶ˡ
ܱԿҲûףôѡҪ֪ԼѾֽ𡣺Իٻ굤Բ壬ȻֻǽûɱʵΪޣɱλɱŲǾԲԼԺһŻŵġ
Ȼˣ˵һĻᣬһľѻᡣȻûѡ񱨳𡣲ҲͰˣȻˣ
ȻղźͳսʱҲ˵ˣǾ仰ǶԳ˵ģ˭ҲûȥڣȻݵ˵˳һϥ¹ĵ̬Ѿܱ̬ˡ
ĵģ
ʱ˿̣Ҫһ練ƣȫûαԻıҪ
̫˼ˡ
һ˿죬ָܿƽһȻģӦһ
ǳУƽ֣ͣ㲻ˣ˵ǣǸøлǡ
˵㲻ңǽǶһ˵ףľϾ˴ҡ
ֲҲٺףżɽ˵Ϊʲô㲻һɣ벻ֻңҶû취㡣
赭д˵麣˺մˣõɡ
ݺСһۣ˼
ãݷʣ֣˽Ŀʲô
Ȼ赭д˵ȥ
ڤȥ
ȥ
Ϊʲô
麣˵ˣմʧˡֻңҲֻڤ磬ܶɶȥ
ֳСȥѯǷⷽļ䡣õĴûС
ݻ֮ǰսΣʵȥ͹麣մ˶죬Ϊʲôʶ
ֿɬ˵ǰһˡ
һ£ֽŵҶλ˺죬λ˻ͲǵҡҺͺܶ굤ͶֻһСС䡣
굤ֻͣһ䣡
ԣݵĺëСԺļ麣췭ظʮĹϵܲɷֵġǸʱ򣬻굤ͻֻΪһǰ䣬ͲֵǮ񾳵ĻͣҲֻһСͷˡ
⻰ֺֹݱɫӦɶܴڶɫ䡣ǵ֪굤ǿǸ߲񻰰Ĵڡκһ굤ͣճǶԳΪ绽ֵͳһ΢ʡ
Ǹ麣ˣǸմˣǺεͨ
ܱϾʶҪǶЩ֮ɫҲСһЩ
һ¹һ£˵ݺС˵ͷе
㲻һ굤СӡλôǵС
ؼǣִʱȫûбҪƭˡĿǰʵǿһڶʧȥսҪɱɱҪ׾ףҪɱ˶ᱦɱ˶ᱦֺαضһˣЩֶΣ
ݴӲԿԼжô׼ʱѾ϶Ͷġ
ĵĶλ˵ľɣ
ͺܱһһȻλ˵ĻԻͣ㼤ѡһΪǰЧе
λ˲ˣڡҪλ˵ĻԻͣ
ǣǶ˳ġ
ݴϣ
ˣ֮ĳֹϵǺɵġ
ݺСܱһһӣ˴˶˵ͷ
ӭǡ΢ЦŶ˵
лֺӣͷһѹͷꪺȻСұһǹͷڵϺݺһ壬ʱһֱĺڹ𣬾ԭ֦ͣͷϢķֻŻŵķ
˵ӴԺµһΪڤڶɴĴϤҲҪ˽Ķࡣϣ㲻Ҫһͽǵһܳͳ˧ЩΪֵ齨һ֧
ֲŸոռ룬ݾͰǰĳȣ־޲Ͼ齨һ֧Ϊݳ
лʶԺ־еһѽָģҾնģ壡
˵ﻰ뼸ǰֻǸһСС䣬ھȻΪ˵һһƹڤڶɴݸԼ齨ӵĴȨֶԣһ㡣麣ºųʮֻһͳĳƺϾʮҲкܹܶΪһǼôֵý£
ʱ֮ӣպǰ;ԺΪ˹麣ĴԼδʱ͸պĵλжôߣ
һ뵽ֱһɺԽ˲ӿȫ
˽Ŀģֻǻȥ

սһȺ޸ڡ⣬ǶѺľ˻ҪʱȥָȻͣ棬ҲҪʱӦ塣
ֱڤĹȴԼЩŪڵǹ
ǹ
ƺһֱֻһʣֺ֮˵
ڤڶɴУһڶָĺܿ졣
ããں֮ϣһҶ縡ƼɫСۡ
СˣһһŮ
ݺӦɶ졣
ӦɶʶʱݻЩɻ䣬ǲ֪ġЩ꾭̫£ܴڿʼ塢ֶ֡һһֵĽ棬һһֵĵ£ӦɶѾ֪ݵĺܶܡȻˣٶڣδԵ̫Сˡ
ҲԼ˼һ·ϵ׷ɱ󲿷ֶΪӦɶԭôӦɶȥҲҪһˣǺͿӦɶ쵲
ݻ۾һ仰ǣӦɶ죬˸øҵʱ˰ɣ
̵һ仰ѵĹУҲ˲ɿܵļᶨ
Ӧɶҧ´


176 
һ˶෬ʱ̹ϺеĿǣӦɶ춼ӦûʵϣӦɶҲȷû
Ӧɶ彿СĲ˾ǶڱϵɫʯżĹ˾һɰĲޡ壬ۣӤһھݸеһܡ
ϵܣԼ֪ҲࡣĩˣӦɶֲʵ
רעؿ㡣Ͱ֪ĸҡ
ӦɶȴûкݶӣͷϿǻǵĲͣŵɫ㡣ĿѴ͸㣬Խʱգصǰĳһ졣
ҺСʱһЩгɾ͵Ļ;ҵ֤ʵһ޻츳ˡһע޷Ϊ͡ĸ޷һֻýһЩĶ
֣µĽ̹ﲢʲôһֻ󷨵ۡҵǰŸң󷨾ͲұϵűʯС
Ϊ˲Щ󷨣ɷѿġһֱҶΪһֱҵ󷨡֪ʵǡ
ӦɶɫȻЩ˵˵ȥҷ󷨷鼮ҲύһЩڲĸˣѾףһ·׷ɱǳġ֮ԳΪ
ʵ
Ӧɶһ̽⡣ڶǿ
΢΢ͣ٣Ӧɶ쳯ȥŽ˵ǻ𡣡
ݵͷˡ˵һ£Ǿϲбء
Ӧɶͷ
ıأʵ
ӦɶЦҲˡһЩܣϵܣ֪ȴһࡣ紫ţϲһ˫˫Ĺıء
˫˫Ĺ⾿ʲô
ӦɶҡͷҲ֪
ܽüΪ֮񣬿϶˲õıء
ӦɶĿᶨǿӲ˵Ƿ˵ãӦҵıأǵıءȻҵģҰ˭͸˭Ҳ˱
ӦɶּǿģЩЦתۼ䣬ƵСѾͷָֻһְ֮
ݵ⻰˵˵ҲͰˣȴǵ治áΪͨ˵ĻҪ㹻ʱڣȻûС
ӦɶϷɫȴǱҭá
˵ûһ·ϣΪݵıڲ֪˭ˡŮڱ˶һ棬ܵһҲض嶤¡ʱһ֮ϲ٣ŮӵҲ٣˵Ҳ١һ뵽ˣӦɶ²ѣͬʱҲǿҵĸм֮顣
Ӧɶ飬֪ͬԼĻˣŵӦճڶɼҲʵǷ¼гĽ꾳ͣӦҿ϶ҲСһ·ϣȴûмǰ㡣˵⡣
Ӧɶ΢΢һ䣬Цǿ͸ʲôݵĻ˵һ㣬Ѿǣסżҳ¼Ϊ˱Ѿˡڶ㣬ɽۻҲҵıظȤ
ݶӦɶķʾͣһ֮ȻЩµģķ׼ȷҲ
ʵʵһ㣿
Ӧɶն˵һ㡣
ôģ
޹ءһ
ûʱԼһäĿĴ󡣡
Ӧɶûлش𣬶Ƿʵأ㲻ԣȴԼأ
ֵݲˡ
Ӧɶŵ֮ڶǲܷϵġӦҵˣֻҸ߸ţ۸ҡǡĲƸ
̾Ϣͺã̫⡣
ô죿Ĭһᣬʵ
Ӧɶûлش𣬶վСߵСľǰˡ
ɫСľںȥô磬ʵȴΪסӦɶһȥôһСŮӣʵĵǿҪ߹ˡ
Ӧɶ챻紵ڶŵȹڣһ˫Զ۾֪Ӧɶ˴㡣
ݲ˵ҲվСľǰˣӦɶ첢ս
ʱ˿̣ǾһԳˣվĿķ羰
ãӦɶӣ΢ݣǵԺϸ¥˵ܾʱ˵һ仰𣿡
ݵǵá
ϺӥͬһȴԶҲĴڡȻˣǸǻڸԵ˵㲻ϣҲӥôǾͬһˡֻһ䣬ֵ𣿡
΢΢ͷײµĵ׼ͥĸֻһˡԽֶ;ССȴȱĸȻΪūĸΰĶݻԻõĿɰҲԶڽİ
õС֮һЩЩÿһֵģʼϰ
Ӧɶ죬ȴͺԵԺܶݺȤҲ¶¥ԣ¡ײһݵľܾҲˡ
ڣһŮӶһ˵ֵ𣿡
ûáֵáҲûáءĻش
ֻһЦ
ӥվ˳򣬳ΪޡֻǽԳ͸ϡ
ҪκĻش˵ﶼ
ȻǶԱظȤôΪصӵߣΪβȵǣȰѱأ
ݵȻľ
Ӧɶֻһ֡ȻֵΣôǰͲ֧֡
ݵʵûҪðգȥܼҸķ
Ӧɶ΢΢һЦȻˡʵʣ˵ѾӦˡ
̾Ϣµ񣬴𲻴ӦѾ˵㡣ŻͳҵĺɶҵУҲʹ˰ݵġҹڶǶԣɱңѳΪǹͬĿꡣ
ӦɶƫͷݵգԼǱͷݣлл㡣
ݻԲõһЦˣѡ
Ӧɶͷ
ݵ
ӦɶָָϵıʯһȻ̽⡣ֻҪʹõһ֪صλˡ
У㿪ʼɡȥˡ
ȥʲôһ˴СϣӦɶЩġ
Щϵļսһ˺ܶྭ顣ˮ꾳ڡǿҵĸоԼľ꾳Զˡ̺֮˷ḻĴˮԪأԽǺףԽŨܡҪȥľ꾳Ǿˣǵļƻаг˵
ʵ֪ӦɶԻʱСܱѾǱ뺣ˡǵĸоһľ꾳̵ļɹݵʵҪˡ
ǽ꾳ܴľ꾳ٽһǱһ꾳ĸľ꾳ϣճһǿĴˡο꾳꾳ĺҪߣοлиڤڶɴԼĪ
С
ӦɶȻԼǻͣҲ֪ͳʱĹؼҲٺݶ˵ȥ˵Լʹõһ̽ⱦصλãҲҪЩʱ䡣
һַ׷ɱ˶ݵ


177 Լ𲻵
дֱд
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һҹ֮䣬ʧȥһӣʧȥһӡ
ܲŭ
С޾Ȼѩҹɱ֣ȻصôֶôŻԩҲԩżУ˳𲻹죡żҺԼƲ
˶ʱŭغ
ԼƲ
Լң
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ߣӵһƨһӷϡֻһûʹȻˣԼҲҪˤŭŭͷԵǺѵġ
ԼҵȻҪݵȻҪɱǲäĿжӵˣĹâС޲֪أɱŻɱͳ¼ҲµǺҳ¼ұҪˣ
һƵ˵û뵽ҲݵĶ֣С޻Щ汾µġ⻰˵ί˼ӵܴ⡣
ӵһߣŭҺͳ¼ҷϢ֣·һ·ֱӹԼңһ·ȫ׷ɱݣţһۣܶסֵһģҲҪ
˵ӵƲؿڵĳ룬Ĺ⣬үӾҪˡ֪Żɱ£˼һסԼǷŭǶᱦصɱˣȡ
ɱɱɱ
żҵĴУŭɱ춯ء

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ֵͭܺԳɳǲս޼ɺڲλоη򱣻еŮ졣־ͲʵҲƷǳϾ
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һֵֵֶ֣סͳͳӿԼŮ캢Χס
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֪ʤȯգҲԳɳһ˵Ļᡣ
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ԳɳǴӻͳһӣǰ˳ȵǶԼҸϾɱҪܵĺ
ﶢǿӣһ˫۾ת
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Գɳ֣ص˵ܵõƵ˲ࡣӵߣĸ
Цˣȥ±㽫ӵݸȻԳɳеһģһ
飬ǲ˵ӦñĸŶԣ
ԳɳǾģ
ղż񵽵ġӣԼ˲ٰ
Գɳˣ϶Ǵ޼ϵͬʱջǸүֶ˸Ѫͷ
˵ûôƸʲô
ʱ˿̣Σ֡Ϊ˱壬ԳɳҲòƤŭˣҿԡ
ЦôȻգԵѵˣԣѵ˶ͻйϵ˵ˣҲһճǣɲү˵㣡̫ɱҵֶܵܺż
ģԳɳǹеʵ
ߣģһѾڤɣԼľݣ㿴ֻһѡһ룬ȥ׷ɱˡΪлĿܣ
Գɳǻһ˫ض
һ붼ȥ׷ɱˣǸжˣ
Ҫݴϣãˡ
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˫һӣٶ໰ɱȥ
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ԳɳǵȻˣ϶Ҫִ¡ǰæòǡ
޼ɶһۣԳɳ⻰˵Ĳ١ճǿƣʵʵǿĻǳֻǹٷһֱֻǱǲ෹ұȽϣȴǲмᲢ۵ġǳĲ֣һ淭
֣»пܡǣӦѺҷĿںҵһڼҼûкżˣҲûԼұѡɽۻңʹûĹ
޼ӪݵʱʱԮпǽӵָʾﲻõˣǻǿȥСݰɣ
ԣҲٶ˵Գɳһۣ̤ˡ
үүСһ㣡޼˵һ䣬񱼡һ·ϻħɱһѪ·
ٶǵֽֿ߽ڣվһӳǰƿڴǸڶǰ棬һ¹ƷǸ˺˵Ļȥ
ﳯǿȥԼʮµĶ˹Ҿôˡ
ճǳĪЦȻƷ飬Ҳ￴һۣΪһ֮ҹףҵȻҪ
ﳯĪЦ߽һЩԼ̫ѩҹɱ־ԼҵСݡ
มĪЦֻǵӦһ
ĪЦķӦе˲漴˵ԼңԳҲʲô¡෴һҺԴԴҶкô
Լ𲻵áĪЦֵ˵һ䡣


178 㳲濴
סŭͷʾ
ĪЦڽĿһ㣬˵Լţ㻹Ҷ𣿡
һû뵽ĪЦҲᵽѵԳɳ˵ģ
ж֮ǰӵǶ´ı仯ҪԼҡʲôšүӾҪˣż˭£
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ĪЦͻȻֳһĨζЦݣ˼˵ˣ
ͷڲǼϵ⣬ǼѾԣںĲԼǲǱţں̬ȡ
ĪЦ£˵㿴ҽļƣ̬Ⱥԡ
һ㶣û뵽ĪЦشüҺĽꡣԼֻһ
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ӹһĹ⣬
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ĪЦ͵תŭıӰȵճǲţҲĪԣȡ
ԼңκζԼҳֵˣɱ⣡
һ̣վĪЦһֱδ˵һתۼڰٲ֮⣬վԼҵĴǰ˫ȻĴţҲûκζЩٵԼӿȥ˷׷ױɡ
һۣͷϲͬɽơ
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֧ʵ˿Ҳ֧ȥԼҵʵҪ
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żҵĵһֵΪҸϡɵϱԸɾˣͲˡ˶ڣսĶҪݺߵܣֻʱѡ
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ݵԺٵתţӦ֮ߡ
ȥֻһǾǰԼϿ塣
ʱżӪдżһǰԵѪӿɫǺд͸УһŰµˡ
ӢǷ棬¹ҫ£۽һԲεĵ̣˼ֱ뺷ͳ졣
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ҪκλҲܿٵʵ
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һ죬һڵأżӪĵǱ
һϲû뵽޼Ҳˣ


179 ҹбͤߴ֡
λֳݶ־ջأдСܱұ£ʹûǴûս
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ԣˬʵЦʱ˿̣ΣͷҲֵֻܲЦóǻǡܺ޼Щҵķͷ˭ǵأȻǻǣضǴսʤߣ
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ͻȻϮɱĽȻһǵĿʶ޼ɵĽҹлһĻߣȻѸٱ־ռ壬űֱú
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޼˿壬ϵʹʮ
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أ˺ײǽѪ䣻ȣ˷ŸͷҹգѪأ꣬ӰͣɶҺ־֮쳹ǰһƬߴ֡
һ·ǰе޼ɻӽ⣬úݣҹӣϵıû˿仯ƽ糣
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ݿ޼ɵıӰҹǰеӣ²ʱҺĻͣЩԶˮˣ
͸綼šǻԵɺϵմˣõ˶෬޷Ტۡ
ۿƽʱޱȵ޼һӳķɣۿŶԷԽԽںͳЩλȨصĺ嶼ʼ޷ѹֵŭ
ȻԼ꾳ľ磬뵽ȺбǻҪߵĸ֣㶨˶Ҳܴ漣
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Ҳ֪ʱս仯ȵĲãǰȺɢ֮¶Ż˸žҹâĻ͡Щ˫־죬죬ÿ˵϶һкɫģҲɫġ޼ɱ¶ǰǰ˦ۣЩȫ޼ɷ˳ȥ
ҹɱʱ޼ϵƽһ˱仯ԶԼʩĻǣη֮ɫ趼ûУֻ΢΢üƺֻǾЩ鷳ü˵˾䣺֪㲻Һͷ
⻰˵ʱѾ̤ͷ˳ɱöɣ˿²öһöȴѾȺʩĻǰ
Ҳ޼˵һ˲䣬öٷɳۣҹлһɫӰڵһŵĻǰɨ
һŻǿǵֱԼԽԽԶǷ˳ȥ
ٶȺܿ죬ʩĻţٿҲ޷Ż͵ֱȫնϡȴԺһŻ˼塣޼ǰڵĳ˵һԼֲٶȸ𶯣ϵˮѪˮ촷ۣȻݵһʧһҵӰ˺Żͣ
һӰʵΪѸ֮΢죬Щ׷Ŵεķ·ҹαƣǲƤ͸ģٹᴩǲƤٴ̴ǣٹᴩһŵĻͱ̳һȱڣڶŻ͵ֱͬźڰζ£ȻϿڴſʼѪ
ǽǰֻžž̴εﭸֱ۵徿жֱ۾һͬɢ䣬ˮĵϷ죬Һ
Ӧ춯ҲĻͣ޼֮ʼѾֹͣʩȥȻڵʯһ̣ĨڵĽӰӹǵĸ첲ֻѪˮһ쭣Ȼ˵ѪߣȻڲԶĵ棬濴ȥ쳣Ѫȣ
ҹµбͤһƬţ޼վУЩϴſ־ԼǰѱѪħһƽݡ
սгպÿһĻɫǱò԰ף촽˵ˮ꾳ֻͣˮͻͣôˮ꾳ͣ


180 ֿеĸ
ЩƺԼʱҲŪԼ˵һЩʲô߰Ļ
Ȼ̤ڿУö޼ɴһӵĽҲ˻ܴתʱʱľͻĳһͷͻϮһͻϮҪľɱ޼ɵĽȻ£öԾյĽ󣬸η塣
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ҸղŲ֣Щ͵ĺһڽڷأղǲɱ㣬ҲԻܵúѿ
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Ѿǳƣ˵𽥵»ݸܵѹļᡣܹȥһӣڤڶɴʱֺ꾳͵ͷ˲ʮ
ڤڶɴҹĻ£ĵĹ⡣
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žһһ綫Х˹ֻǰˮѪˮ󾪿ֵؿܿҪԺǽµʱЩػͷۿҪɳɰ׹ǵǸָȻȻȻ˦β˽ȥϸۣ罦ˮѪˮĶһԴһԼľ
󶴣Ҳûа취ˣڱֻӲƤѥȳ˲䣬֪źǲûܸͬζж
һ̧ţһ۽űѪģԶбͤ˻ضУʽͬűȻһԶսȻͷ˿Զ
ʮµΧԶбͤ˿ɱ죬ȴûע⵽ǵĴڣЩ˳ĬһȺʯǷ껹ɱ޷ϵı˿仯
ˣ֮һСһºõľơһλü忡ˣһǰɫľذϰŰѳߴЩСĽһ˴ñգһװһ顣ץƺΪƣҲΪԼ
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壬㿴ȥܽš˾Ʊһڣͬͺȡ
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ĸ磬ʲôʱ֣
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˿ھƣԼҳ޼ɣһˮ꾳СӶѣпǰѽпĽȻսȨСǽУսߣ޼ϵ޷죬ҺȻģͻûóʵǸų֣ȥǽ꾳ͣһɹϢϢҸоڤͬһ㣬ڳѹĴݡǸ׽͸еĻеĻһĪı
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޼ȻƽǰУϺѱˮʪһȻ¶Ϣһأ޷
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ԼڱżΧһ뿪үӣȴΪȷܿɹ꣬ѾԿ
ճҵĻǿӣԼǽסһڣ·𿴵һħĶŵԼķ΢ЦȻħצɽԼƬ𺧵Ҳ޷ѹеĿ־壬֪˭һ˵ķڱֻȥ
Ĭ޼ǰȥȻɵüȻء֪սķʽ
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181 һУ
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ڵĽӰƿն͸ƬӨ͸ˮȴСţٵı뱿׾ʵСݺײһ˶ĤѵĴ죡
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ĬڰеˣȥڽҪ޼ʱȴǿס˽ŲηųֶΣǺǵŨҽĶ̽ǷȻҪԼ֡
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182 ħɱ񣬺֮
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޼̧֣ժʪ͸½ϲ֪ʱµһƬҶȻ̧ͷųƽ˵żѾԼ֡ԼǱ߻֪ʲôԽ첻
ųһа˸ֵܣʵ϶С߸ֻһľ꾳ȫǽ꾳ҺĶǽ꾳۷ڡԼǱߣҲ꾳۷ڵֵܡżҵʵʵʵճĴҲǵĶ֡Щʵ֣ΪǶأҲֵǰǵԼҵˣ̫ˣԲôΪԼǱߵпܺ𣿡
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184 굤ǿ
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ɶ죬ûҿʮа˾ü
ӦɶɬһЦ㿴ɣҲǾģǾ˵治ˡ
Ӧɶ̸ʱ޼һֱڹ۲εܣʱߵһȫεԡܵĸģкܶѴССĽ³һѳҲѶ̽ð޼ǰ֮ˣȻ
ŵܣʵǿտҲʲôأ
ʱ˳ȥȷܶ඼ûУЩһһ
޼ǰǸ⣬ܣȻΣ̬ƶͬ
һצĿˣһܱɱľ޴ѹ
һ壬ͷϣкһӣȫƬĿ¶ȰĹ⡣ͰȴǸоһ˿ѹܸܵů
һ࣬ƬЩڣˣһ죬Ѿݣ·ᱻûĸоԴһĺɫӣӿһۣһֺҹٵĸо
˳ЩȥԱܵĳԸĵȥ
˵һܣӦɶǸкĿĵܣǸ׺ĵܡ
˵ѡ񣬾ûظ
˵˵ѡûظ
޼һͰǸǽ
ȷûпʲôءӦɶҲ
ʱӰ֪ǺʱĹһϵ
Ī⣬ЩδɵѾͷСֵܹģû뵽Ϸ֮꣬ȻܷУ
ͻȻֵˣһֵˣһģˣһӢĺߡ
ʱ˵ģǸˡ
˵ĻӦɶʵУʲôУ
ЦС޾Сޣһ֮ҲֻСޡΪνؾһЩüĲƸ鱦ͻ굤طͬѰܵһִУУǰµѾʧ̫ĶǶԣȻǾ޴ıأһ£̺ĴУǶôǿĻпı
Ӧɶεȴʵ˵оͲЩ֮У
Ȼ˸ذüЦֻǿϧ֪ˣȴòĹȻҵģӦ޹أ
Ӧɶ쳯ȥ÷Ӽ³ӼǶλҳҲһ֮˴˶ʶġλ˭
ģ˱Ҽ÷ӣҲλżҼĸףŲǰ
ŲӦɶӹһ֮ɫû뵽ͻȻð˾ȻŲ
ΪģΪŲһ굤Ļͣ
굤ǿǱоߵһ󾳽磡νľ꾳꾳ǽ꾳۷ڣڻ굤ǰͬһ㡣
ͻȻɱôһ굤ǿߣȷǺ鷳ˡ
Ӧɶ챣򶨣ԭǰ˵ڱչǰǻ굤ͣڱչؼ꣬ͻȻˣĪǾ
ŲȻеġϷγأΪԼָ˵ţŲȥһϷֻǳһųϣǼС޻ǲ򵥰ҶܲϾɱֻû뵽Ȼܼ˫˫Ĺеʧ
÷ӣ³ӣĴУҵǸһ
³Ӳ÷æȫƾǰԸǰɽ⼸Сֻ۵ˡͲҪǳ֣ǰһ˾ܶñأǲݣҲûϵġ
Ų⻰ǳ⣬˰֣˵ҼȻΪͬˣǾҪͬͬˡǸԵʧҲ٣ܲǣĻͲҪ˵ˣֻҪҳˣżһ
лǰ÷΢Ц
³ޱ飬ֻǵ˵˾䣺Ҳû
˵û³ӵг˾衣÷Ӷǽ꾳۷ڣȥŲֻһ磬ʵȴرɲҰŲĻ棬ŲǽˣٷԸʲôƢ
Դʱ˿ֻ̣üӱСġ龯裬ɫȴţЩСС˷ܡ
Ҳбġ
÷ҲˣԴС̡
굤Σɶ죬ⱦ㸸ģǼȻѾҵˣ;Ⱦָ˭Ҫ˭Ҫۣ
ݴӦɶ߳Լ̬ȡͬʱھС֣Ƕָ𣿡
ָˡ
ã֣֣аûУ
˵ʵղʵʵĻ굤̹ϵ˵
ղҲҪϣҲӲˣǵ£ҲҪöѪܣݼ˵
ÿٴսݾͻּľģӰ쵽Сǡ
Ҳʤŵԭ
ݰɣǲ֪ŲмһЦָָȥʱһεֱָݵüġ
ž
ܱæ֣ݵǰ棬ʹͭǽڡ
ͬʱͷðһźֳִֹ̤֮ͷꪣ͵سŲȥ
Ųüͷûһ£̯ʱһڱ
ˣ
һͷųʱϬĹȫûɢҲɣԶԶԶ¡
ǵݵܱϣܱҲɡ
򵥵һͽֺܱѹƵĺ޷֮
굤ʵȻͬСɣ
ܣһĻ÷Ӻͳ³Ӿһ㶣ͷϾº顣
ʵ̫ǿˡ


185 Ƽʻ
һϣˣԽǲӣһʹ˻
޼ɳħŲȥ
Ҳɱʹѿ
Сʹƣľ꾳ƣܲĵӡˣ
ܴʹɱﵼũڣ
ÿһɶС˿ͬʱͷ˳
ߺߡŲȴֻЦԣһ˼
Ȼ˵ŲȻվԭزֻǻŸ첲˫ǰӡ
ʱһɵǰתҲԽٶԽԽ͡
䣡
ͻȻȥԶĽȫɡ
һͳͳɳȥ
ֻһУȻͽеĽȫ⣬һ˺
һɾʱС
ʵĶԱȫͲһϣȫû
ǱˤڵϵĶǣŲ赭д˵ղһǸǣóıһϣҲ˵ҡһ֣Ҫһµ
˵ţŲǰһһ׼ʩӡ
æӦɶ֣˵ɶ죬㲻ǻе𣿵Ǹðɣѱشݻ٣ЩõˣЩǵõкֻẦˣ
ӦɶгΣ֮ɫ˵ﲻ
Ϊʲôʵ
ΪΪӦɶΪﲻֻǴݻٱأͬˣдűʯң𡣡
ݶʱס
ܾ˵
޼ɲȥСƴһƴиĻ
֮һʱ޷ö⡣
ŲǱߣѾͷųˡ
һԭŲеİ͸ͻȻ˳ȥͳӿĻɷ󣬵Ȼǳ嵽;бըǶܲסǹܡ
ܲסζŵ¡
ۣ
Ȼڰ;ըˣֵǣǱˮһֻǷһͳʧӰ٣ʲôҲûб
ֻһڶİ̡
֮УһӰ
һͷ׷Щ΢΢ձˡһ׷ձˣȴԵȣвϵȴûвϵʡ·ֻҪѱͦڰȡ׵´󽫡
ⲻŲ΢΢һ㶣ԼĻͻȻʧֱӹϵ
ȻͰԼĻˣȻҲǸˡ
ŲԺϸĻ䣬ʵ벻ʱճʵǺˣ
ձ˵ݴ飬ŲҲºͣ˭ҪҪǣȻˣͲҪ۸ˡ
Աϣӣֱ̧ۣͻȻɳȥһʱŴݵͷϿաţһ˳ǵܻһɷɵӡ
ʲôıܴھȵ
ݵӦǷԵĻ
ܴϲһǸˣӳıһŲ˲ˣ
˵ԣŲ˲ˣҲȥˡ
ܴһ㶣漴ȥһģͱ˻ȥ
ҿܴڴȵһʱѲ֪øлǸ˻Ǹ
Ųȵдˣճǻû˭ҺϷȥ
ԱϣŲһӣʱǰһȭͷСЩƲ󣬵һ۾̺ܿĹԲ
ŲһЩ׷׳ձ˷ȥ
ձվԭ˿ֻ³һ
¶ʱ
Щ͵ձԶĵط˼ӲĶ׷ױơƳȴûձ˷ɹȥ˿һ̡
Ųٴһӣһձ˷ȥ
һ
ŲҲ֣ͣ˷ͷų
ϧǣǱȴͷͻƲǲεķֻǼһ̣˵ձ˿
ɶǸ֣Ҳǻ굤ĸ֣Ųа
üǿӲǱЩձ˵ֶΣճǵĻ굤ûһҲʶġҼȻʶ㣬϶ճˡմ
ձ΢ЦҵסǸطǶҽͿҪίԲҡ
ԭͿŲֿ֣˵ƾֶΣȷ֡
Ϳûйֻֻ΢Ц
ŲŵͿȻҲҵҲȻΪ˱ضȻˣֺαɱҶǻ굤Ѳ֮УûҪΪ˱ƴһպĹһһݣˣ
ͿȻ΢Цȴǹϵľܾ
Ųüгŭ⣬ĪҪ̣
Ϳû뷨ͲΪⱦء
ΪʲôŲȵʵ
ͿƳһۣΪ˲۸
ֱһɺԣŲŭˣڿսļƣȵҷһĹǿҶǻ굤Ϊ˲ƴɱΪ㼸ӡĪΪ㣿
굤ͿЦһȻ˵һ侪Ų°͵Ļ굤˲𣿿ʵҲС굤ɣ
굤˲𣡣
Ųֺĸо⻰˵ģ굤˲
Ȼ˲
ʱ̤ϻ֮·˾ʮŽΪ굤ͣ⵱Ȼ˲
Ҫ֪һɾ˻굤ճǿɾһˣ
˵ճǣһЩУ굤ͨﶼͬɰ
ܶ˾һҲֻܶ
ϼһȻ˵굤ʲô˲
ֱ̫۸ˣ
굤ΪС磬С굤굤굤
ŲȻֻǵһС굤Ҳһǳ˲ˡ
һ̤굤Ҫܶ࣬ŲȻѾʮ꣬ҲǼпǰһİ
ǰһӵ࣡
˵굤ǲǺ˲
Ϳ⻰ŲҪˣ
д˭һҲٶ໰ٴζͿ
ͿҡҡͷȻЦƺûаŲ굤ͷ
ˣһʵĸˡڷϢĿȴ˵
ݵͷĿҲضͿıӰ
Դ̤ϻ֮·Ϊһֱĺܿ죬ԣûпǹԼܲܳɾͻ굤⡣ΪԣͲһֵȥǵ⣡õյĴУСʦиڤڶɴ֣ǻɾͲ˻굤ֻ˵ԼǸˣ
ݴһֻʱ⡣
ˣȴûۼ굤ս׻굤ζʲô
ڣŲ굤ǰչʾԼתۼһصͿ
ֱǷƼʻᣡ۸


186 ǾͲ˰ɣ
ܸоͿھǣĿĿ϶ûô򵥣һȺȻ׶༪١
֮ǰܿһ굤ֵľսҲһЩź
ݲŹᣬ۾һͺѧϰĿڿš
ֻ޼Ҳˡ
ŲµĴزνĴҲЩͣŤĹⲨγɵģȷȷڻζһתŲγһȦǿȥŲĹֶΣһװʵΪԴԴϵظŲṩҪ
Ų˫ȻĴţ˫ſϸȥÿָͷ϶ֳһССצĶͿȥʱÿָϵһ
ٲħ󣡡
ŲӶ˫۵ٶȺܿ죬ʱһָͿγһڵתۼ䣬ϰٵγһӰٲͿС
ٲħסҿʩչȭţھ׸⣡
óɹŲʮ˵
ǰԼͷһͿޱ飬ͻȻָǰһ㡣ʱ͡һǽָͷȼһȴͿһ˿ʹı顣෴΢΢һЦ˼˼ճǻԻģһЩںܾǰĻ
ԣŲѪĸоͿֱӰСˡ
һʮˣͿǰ·ֻһˣһ뺰ǰǰĳ嶯
̫۸ˣ
Ųŭգ
װɣװɣҽºҿ㻹ôװȥ
ŲʲôˡصȷһȥȰͿ˵
ԵģͿͲװӦԵİ취
ұۣһɫâðͬԡ䣬ϡ
һ̣ٴָȥǴһˮϣֻгˢ󣬲κ˺
ͿҡҡͷУܺơ
ŲҪˡ
λһճǶҪһҪˡ
ҲܲͿϷʣҲ뿴ͿһӶ룡
ɶ񣡡
žŲ˫͵ĺһʳָָ£ָסС䡭Ľš
һ̣ܵĿռ俪ʼŤ·ͷë·һҵ쫷ϹΡ
һռѷŲı֣ܵѷ࣬ѷΪγһСޱѸ͵ٶתţܿŲռ䣬Ӵһֺ嫵ĸо
ʶһҵǻУ
Ų˫ɿƳǰȥǵоһͿȥ
֮ӿȷ𺳡
ǻǻһ̲ס޵
òĵ̾ΪСӳʮӡĻѾܿǻˣʱŵģϾʷϵһ̫ˡڿǻ֪Сֻһְο
Ļܱȣ
ټӳʮӡҲܴﵽܰɣ
һĹͷųߴֺ֣бͤҪˡ
ֵǣоεʱĹȴ·һûܵ˿Ӱ졣·بǾƫУŲҲ֪ܵŲһеͷµܵݻٰɡ
ŲűЩ˵ľͿͷ·һûκĻˡΪҲһ˿𾪣˿ľȶûУ˵ʲôŻ򾪿ֵˡ
ֻнӽǰһ̣˫ȭеŲ˫ײ
ȭ
䣡
âͿĽŵ־壬ֱۣ˫ȭϡ˫ȭŲһ̣һͷ޴ɫףһǺ
ء
˫ȭ˫ƣǺС
ɲǼ䣬еһ޴졣
ŲǱشͻһ£ɳȥֱŤĹⲨϲ
Ϳ˿Ȼվԭء
ı΢΢ţҲȻͷųֺ䲻ľ
Ų˼Ѫסؿվ
÷Ӻͳ³æȥס
˵ֺݺһ˦һأһָͿ𾪣ŭŵ˵ȭǻȭȻöǻҵǻĹ
ʵֻŲڳ˶Ǵһ
ΪڳĻͣ˭óͿһȭȭưĻǵͼһǶǻϲǫ̂档
ƫƫͿ߸֪һǻӳ˾޴ʵ֤ǻǻ
ʵ̫̬ˣ
ͿҪ֤ԼǿǿмŲ潻֣ѡķʽеĽ̵ڳλҪҲԶԶȲϾҪֻ߱ǿŲˬַʽݺһǶ⣿
֪
һŲǰˡ
˾ǰˡ
ͿԶԶŲдѣΪʲôҪأ㶼һˣΪϲ𡣡
ŲһһɫͿ΢Ц㲻ҪᣬҲû˼ֻһȭѾкܶûùˣպĶ֣óϰϰǡ
Ųɫѿˡ
дд
˵û˼ֱǳ裡
ѾܶûˣĶ֣óϰϰ
Ķ֣
ĲĶ֣Ҳϰǻ
ֱ裡
ۣһѪŲ³
ҺƴˣŲ󶯸λѾʧȥǡ
ǰ̫ˣ𼤶÷Ȱ
ƺ÷һ˵ŲǵĴڣȵˣϣһɵ
÷ԥ˵
ŲŭʲôûôǿƣҵļѵıѹŲɣһϣҵϢһᣬϾǣ
÷Ӻͳ³ӶһۣȻûж
ǲҪ𣿰ǰĿأУõһУȥǼδĻԻ;ڽҹ
ϵŲȻǷŭʧȥǣɿĵĻＸѿڶһӾ˵˵Ŀϡ
ΪУΪ˼壬ʲôֵõġ
÷ӹһĹ⣬Ȼǰ
³Ҳûж룬÷Ӳս
ǰڿսơ
ͿΪЩ⣬ùȰ˵ǾͲ˰ɣ


187 ţ
ŲܲͿ˵÷Ӻͳ³ֺγܵˣճǶһ֮ߵճﶼҪ˿ɫڳҲܵ𾴣ǰձͷѹûǷսʸ񶼲Ըǡ
̫۸ˣ
ʿɱ裬֪ʵǿҲδؾһ÷ӽһֱյ̯ʱ̹ī̵̡
һ̣һȫã߰ɵľִ
ûбֻкһĵ衣
ǡܴھʬ굤ʬкŵǻ굤
ݺСִĸо
ûͿŲڳûбֿסҪѸųĳͻ
굤ʬõԴ
ܴڶܿʬľ磬ͿȻҲܿʵĪʬԸң
Ȼ
÷Ľһ˦ʱΪһͼڣɫĹâ÷Ӻͻ굤ʬ
һ̣ݵ˾㵵һĻˡ
Ų鶼΢΢ɫ
Ϊǰһ̻ģ÷ͻȻ֮ͱһɫѪͷ罣۾͹ļͳĹ
÷ſ죬һĵͷͷʬͷϣһΪһ޴͡
һڽ굤ʬȥ
ɴ󷨣ԭ㻹аħֶΣãȻǸаħ֮ˣͿһ˿ȵĸо
˲ǰһսĺħй
Сɴ󷨺ͶԭһġͬǣԵģֻʱԵġ÷ӳԵʬܵõʬΪͻȻһ굤͡άֵʱޣȵһЧΪͻḴԭ̵ʬҲûˡΪ˺Ϳһս÷Ӳϧһ굤ʬҲǵϡһֶ֮ǿӲȡᣬǸ
Ȼ÷ӽ굤ʬԵȻûзʲô仯۾¶Ĺ⣬Լȵȴ֮ǰȫܱˡ
֮ǰѾһȫͬնĸо
ԺΣڵʵʵڵĻ굤ͣ
˻ûа÷ӵı仯꣬³Ҳ˶
³ϷʱһµĺɫƿӴɽﱻ
ƿӾôϣҲû𿪣ȴܸܵƿӿ
ž
ƿǵ³һƿҺ塣
һ̣³һǿٳȥʱȴҲǺ֮ǰȻͬ
ָоǻ굤
ܴڼе굤ǻ굤ôҲɻ굤ˣ
ܴڵľȲ޵ǰһ굤ĻͶѣ죬һ˭Ҳûмƽܴڵʧ̬
ܴڵɻܿͱ
Ȼᵤˮ˼˼Ϳ˵ǲСǣճǹȻԻᵤˮо˵꾳ˣú˲ɾͻ굤ֻʱģȴսľɱôһƿ⣬ܶɶǻġң;ȥˣȴԥˣȻǵϣ
Ϳⷬпϡ÷ӹϵ̵һ굤ʬ³ӹϵķᵤˮλڹؼʱչֳȷʵ
ݲһѩҹΪѩҹɱֵһѩҹ񣬺ѵ̬ȡвЩд
ܶˣֵ𾴡
÷Ӻͳ³ӲΪһ֮ĳЩȷġ
ɴ󷨻ᵤˮֻ˶ʱڳ굤÷Ӻͳ³ûкͿ˵ʲôٶȿս
˵÷Ӻͳ³Ӻܿʤˣ˲֣һҪǣȻֻǶʱ굤ǶԻ굤˸ʵ˽⣬պ굤ʱ˺ܴİȴһ
Ѫɫ٣
ɾͻ굤÷ʩչ֮ǰ޷ʩչȫǻ
˫ֻ裬ͷϸֳһѪɫʱܵĿռһѪ˲ĹͿɡ
ЩѪһֻֻõִͿÿһλץס
ڰǺӣ
³ʩչͬһǻ˫ðźڹ⣬۰ףâͷųȥ
ԭѪȾĿռʱһƬ
ͿںڵĿռ֮Уֳץֻ۾ںɫǺһգһգÿգһΣһεϮȥ
ҲͿһȺκһֻ¶˲䱻ѹե촷ۡ
ʵֲ̫ˣȻзֵıȻоǿҵɱһɲɿܵ
ǵȻܵӰ졣
Ⲣ˵ǵ־ᶨǻɵʵ̫ǿˣ
ͿȻ˿
ʱŲͻȻ÷Ӻͳ³ͷ֣ӵһ޴һǰȥ
ͬʱһ޴ǰӿȥ
֮ǰкֹʮ
ǹӿȵƷ·ҪĹû
÷ӣ³ӣǣ
Ϲҵȫһ

һ֣Щסݵ˵ķĶֹͣҡҡλεģҪļƣ
ĹռЩŤĹⲨʼ
ǻһƺܽĹ
Ϳ˱仯ǽţҲǾ֣Щ͵üǵǿҪŲסķһۺüһ˿֮ɫ
Ȼޱɡ·ΣĹͷĲԼǵǷֻ顣
͵Ķ˶䡣
ȻǲһеϣƺӦٺȥˡΪһҪֻܹãҡ
ͿֺĶ˫͵һ
ʱЩѪЩڰЩһţת˲ͱ촷ۡ
һ룬Ų÷Ӻͳ³ӱļһ忪ʼѸٱΡ
˵ж¶ޱȾֵ顣
ŲѾˣþǴѹǻ㾿ʲô磬Ȼ׵ʹǻꡭ
ƺԸ˵ѹû˿ͣͣתۼ仹ˣת˲䱻һȻѸٵĻΪ촷ۣĹ֮еĳ
ǣǿˡ
굤ͣһ֮ͳͳ
ʲôţ棿ͽţ棡
ǿ굤
ͿѱޱȾη
С֮⣬ÿ˵ж˼Ŀ־塣
һأҲ⡣


188 ɣ
СյĶӣԺһֵļ䡣ЩһЩ׳Ļ档ͿֶΣСежôԾ
ǧڤҲйһλԻ͵ʱǼģͿֶҲܽܡ
ݱϾͬ
ֻһʮѡ
ɳٿ죬ʶȴϾޡ
ĿУ굤ѾǷǳ˲õˡʵҲȷˡʼŲֻʹһЩֶΣȫû
ڣŲ굤ôͿ׵Ĩɱ
Ϳжô
ͿҪʲô
Ҫʲôֹˣ
ʱϵĵǾϵ⣬ûκƢ
Ҳһͷ¡
ܲ־壡
һսĹռлָƽȻܽš
Ϳתϵ鵹ͦɡ
ƺ˵ɱ굤ĻͶѣûʲô˵ġԼȴûر⣬Լ֮䣬һĻʵǸıճǵĸְ
ǴСĲͬС죬Ҳվı䲻ʲôһ֣Ҫһֶı䡣
λıճǸֵﾹԷ΢΢һЦȥˣõġ
˵ȻޱȽţȻָοĻûвκЧֻ˸ӻ˵ߵĿġ
ͿĿϣʵ
ô־壬Ȼֵú򶨣˵ͷ
ǰƺ޷ҲûҪһЩ顣
ݣ
ҽݡ
Ϳϸĳݿһᣬٳȥһ˫۶ʱгһ졣

šһ
ϵģͿ¶ϲЦݣ૵ĺ񡭡
ûͦͿʲôȴ촽Ĳиǲ⣬Ҳ˾衣
λүһ˰ɡͿ˵
ݺһۣ¶㯵顣
ʱСݾ˵Сݸ磬ǧܸߣ̫ǿˣĪ⣬Ҷ޷ϤΪʹ綼ץȥܶǲزסģʱʲôûˣ
ݷǳͬСͶһ
ȭͷһ
ͿЦˣѵ뷴Ӧͽ͵ġ
ͷǲߵġ
ͿҲ˺ǣֻǴȥһطһˡ
ҲĶȥѶݵ֪ܴӦˡ
ܲȷȥǸǻԼһճǣӻճǣеĸճǣߣҲܶġ
Ϳ˫ҵڣһɣҪе⣬ǵġ
ݵҪǣ͸ǵġ
Ҫ
õأ뿪Ĺȥ
СͿҡͷҪߣҲҪȥ
ЦˣһΪ˱ء
Ϳ͵ΪֵܶⱦأȻˣûвµĵ
ݳӦɶһۣⱦѵġ
Ϳ΢Ц򵥡ɱؾûˡ
Ϳ赭д΢Ц˵仰˲
ݷԱܵӦɶǰ档ղѾʶͿֶˣţҪɱӦɶ죬ͿǶҪһ¡
ͿƺºһЩ˵һΣֵߣҲҪߡȻȫ
ǳвˡ
ͿҲڹ۲ģݼıӦɶ죬֪ݶЩѷǳӡ
Ȼ⻰ЧæҺ˵仰
Ϳһͷԡ
ĳͿһۣݴսӦɶ죬ԵͬһۣСӦɶɶ죬һ壬û취ˡ
Ӧɶ쿴ĺܵ̾˭Ҳ֪һ
Ӧɶ˵ıȻͿ
ͻȻ֣Ӧɶһ˫Сֽסɶ죬ɡ
Ӧɶıһͣ漴¶ɬ΢Цͨˣ
΢ЦǶܵĻ飬ͬزߣҲһĹһɡ
ϵ΢ЦӦɶȻĨЦһ֮ǰһǿߵ汳ĶȤζЦȻһЩˡ
ţӦɶᶨĵ˵ͷ
ݵ֣һ߳
ĹʼҡΣЩŤĹⲨʼų۵Ĺâ
ɲǼ䣬·еĿռ䶼
ûκͣ٣ûκμĹͻȻʧӰ١
·ûгֹ
û֪ʲôǿͿӦҲס
ÿ˵־ɲǼÿհס
ĹȻ


ԭҰϱХȼеĳǳųĻ档ǳ⣬һĹʿͶɽʬ塣
ʮ̴ǵһشĴ
Ѫһҹǰ£ʿֻ˻ȥһҹϸյʹЩдȴʧȥ֡
ǳ϶ԶһӪڣѩԵƤĵ̺ϣһľͷһСڵһľ
ľ״һΡ׼ȷ˵һŮˡΪѩľ˹͡٣ķǳ¡
һˣѩϲŮˣľʱеĿ˵һС
ᡢרעЩȫʤͷȫĴʱҵ
һ˧սзսСɼǶôİŮӡ
ױӳ齹ǵĴӪⴳѩһ񣬱үŲסˣ
ǳŲסˣǳŲסˣ˵㡣κʱ򣬶˷硣ѩȻţôżǸȻӡ
ǣɫ𽥰ˣǰʿûеȵձˣǰӪɢӪǵȫˣʱųǾ鷳ˣүǸô죿
ɷġ˵ţѩûľСŽֳŵ棬վҲָʾǵ¼Ȼ鴫ΪһؽһЩҳϣбµĽ죬Ҳڱ죬̴¹
ߣǽĳӪ¼бҲŲһ죡
ѩ΢Ц˵Щûãȥҵġ֡ȡǰ¡
Ҫ
Ȼսʿˣľ͵ǰˡ
ɫһ䣬Ҫȥ򲻿ɣ̫Σˣ㲻գ
ʱˡѩ΢ͷȻʮֵͳ˵¼Խأ˫ͻԽࡣʱ䣬Ѿúܶ໧˼ұüˣΪжɣ


189 Լѵ
ǣʲôʧޱȵǡ
ѩֹ֣˵ȥǾұ·ΪȫʤǾҪԵţһսԽãԽ֪ھǱһõȥɣսܣҲҪԴعģҪô³ǳأҪôս
ǣѩ˼ֻ
ս޶ӪƮ
֪ȫʿʿȻԭΪǰӪʿ˶Ϊѣҡ˶ʱĹǣסȴָʾ
󾸵۹ķŽʮзŽλģֻλˡ
ѩǾšȫʤʮӱΪȫʤǾҪս
ѩΪʮΪ佫֮ףеİ֪˼ųѩʫʣѩֱԼŬ
һȺױĴӵ£ѩǳٲϳ̴ǷȥƬ̹򣬱ƿ͸һУ⡣
սϲηģȱģѹˣǰӪ˺ˡ
¼ᣬȻȲѩųͷϵһɫĽĿǾ塣ϣҪܰ쵽𣿡
⡭ϼڳѩԣΪѵϵȺù¹ٶٶಽǳشٲң¹ǽĻڴˣܰ쵽
ܣȫʤе֣ѩĴ󻤷֮һʱ󻤷һʳӪھǡӪȫʤսһ֧ӣҲǳѩƣɳѩó˪ͳ졣αھȥֱˡ
ѩһЦ֣ҡ֡ȡ
ѩġֱ֡֡һѳ⹭ףȳѩ˻Ҫ߳һ㣬ɼ߽ƳɣǹоƷԻꡱ֡һѴ󸫣ѲзǳסѩԴѴﵽٰʮǳˣһӡ̫һӡΪ¡
ѩꡱڵϣóϵȵħۼϡ
һ̣ѩҵױסؿѩĵϵѷڳӪξ٣ЩױǻʵɸģϾѩȨԽԽˣʵ۵˼˵Щ˸ųѩʱѩӸλûĻᣬֻ֪ѩб£ͬһ㣬ûۼʵ
ڣڴ
ѩҲȷǴ۽硣
һǹ£Ծգת˲֧ħۼͷɵͷ¼ָӣȫȻûΣձƽȵΣʱǳˡ
ûã¼һȺĲվħۼûҪֻǴ͸ļ
ƫˣʵ
ѩꡱݸǸ˲ţɱһϣڽ̴Ǻܺһ
ϵͷˣӢϧӢۡ
үû뵽ļ棬¹ٿҲ㰡Ե˵
ѩ֣֡ȡ
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룡ȴͷϥ£ױȫ档
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ʿǣɱǣѩ˻ߵĴ󺰡
һ̣гᡢľʱĳѩѲڣڵһͷѪҰޡ
ѪؼһƬȺ졣


ưܵĳǣڵǽʬ׶ѳɵıݣѪ̳ɵ·
·ϣѾȡʤѩȴһҲеġ
սΪսʤˡ
ǵΨһΪʤϲһΣǳıսͨԼŬ˼ҹʤֵó̡ԡ
ճѩķԸѼ˾ˮ
ѩϣһᣬŵɣ
ԱϣͳСľ񣬵
ÿڵʱʱз仯ʱҲǽһˡ
¿ŲҲЦľżֳ
ױǲѩΪλǾʡ˽ǸַġϺͳѩĹϵѾߵúܽÿѩܵʱҲҶԡΪ˭ܸܵʱ뱻˴š
һᣬ廨ĳ¼ᱻѺ˽
òϿ¼ͺͳѩ࣬Ҳʮͷӡȴͷ׷Ե÷ǳƣ
ѩľСķŽĿصĳ¼ȥΪ˶Գ½ɰ󣬴
ء¼ƽΪûʧߵ٣Ҳûáƽ
ѩȥʵҼͷһͰɣ
ѩͷ
žչˣ߳ԹġµһԽȽսƽ֡ȴû뵽ҲǵһΪʲôֱһң
ѩֻǼĸ֣㲻
Ҳ¼ЩҶԲʥϣԲʲôһؽǹƨֻһɱҰɣ
ѩҡҡͷʣµӲˣһȥһر̴ǡ
ˣ¼Ҳҡҡͷ̾ˡ
αִš䣬ʷĴȻѾˣ㡣
δػͽĻʵۣʢġֻҪǴϢĻᣬǾģջǵĹ
⻰˵ԼҲδŰɣѩһЦʵ۱ֲۣϸйھڴ󾸵۹ǰֻϡ
Լһʣ϶ѳֳӹھƿشȨǾѾ𣿡¼
ѩ΢ЦͲòĵˡ
ҽһҲһֻΪ㲻ֵڹ±̴⹦ͻǻڹھͷϡ
˭ĹνҪǣҵˡѩȻɫĵ˵
¼᲻磬ۣ˵ض˵ˣһ


190 ԽԽ˼
Ҫô죿֪ӣһɰŮӺҲͻݣǱ̴˳Ƶĵһˡ
Ǳ֮ӾͻҽĶҩŽǵˮԼҲȥ˵¼ỹһƽӣ۵ĲԼ˵
ѩ΢΢һ㶣֪˳¼ľġ
ðɣ׼ȫʬ
ţǾͿЩ˶ϰɣ̣ǻصµķһ㣬һ㡣
ѩͷʱϣܳΪѡ½ʲôҪ𣿡
ûˣ֮
ѩһۣʾϽ¼ȥ
ɾʱ¼ͻȻ㡭
˵ɣѩֿ˵һᾡҪ󡣡
¼ͷһᣬ˵㡭úô޶壬ǱˡǿܵĻҺͼһǰæھ񣬺ǣϣȥһ롭һŷ࣬ǱٳʱҲ֪һֱ׷ԭҪġģֻԶһԶһ𡭡
¼Խ˵ԽͣԽ˵Խͣûˡ
ѩĬȻ֪¼еġǡָ˭
ĿԶͻȻһϤݸǰ룬һֱ׷룬ѵҪģˣӵһʲô壿
ѩһдٴγ¼ȥʱŷ֣λȻǿĺӣΣᷭжᣬվ
ѩһ۾һġϣúð½һˡ
ǡ˫ֱȭصͷ
¹ʡǳϿգصеİ
ʤҹսʿٱ񻶡ҹڳѩԣ޷ߡ
еĵܣؽ㣬㾿
ҹδ롣


ǡ
ͬĻľͬưܵĳǣɪȵӰ
һؼɺɫڳͷ˫ֳŽĿ絶ķ⣬ųڵưܾ
ܵϳ¥һ̬һĿȥӵĽɫض켶ɳоʿòȥֲʮ£Īһͳ첻ɣ
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ھġ
ǰԡԡΪģȴǸξĽ䣬ȴǸ۲۵
䣬ĶǶǳгϢѸ͸ڳú;֮УǳӴ
սӢͣƽҲµĻ㱨޾ϲֻƽֳϵʵĵط
ճǡ
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ֲãԭǸ϶ĶӡʵճǴ͸ĪңĪЦСӵʵۡ
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ȴлƢҲѶԸһʵһֱûж֣ҲǿȰѺʰʰˣȥԸ
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úٿ飬Ҫȥճ׽ɣ
ߺߣԽԽ˼ˡĵǸֳһĻȡ


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ӵȴܵǿҵв
ǵϸϸٴ𣺡֪û˵


191 馵̬
ӵһٴγǰȥɾǰ񣿡
ҡ
Ȼ֪ӵʱ˺ܶ࣬ˣΪλУһڱɱҵϸϻȥ
ҡҡͷϲȥˡļҲȲˣǶ
ӵɫʱҰף˼ǡ
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һЦ㶼˵ˣԼҵ¡ǼȻǺԼҵ£ôүûйϵ
ӵʱһ㶣Ժ漴ֳһ뷨ȫȻ졣
ѵѵԼǡ
ӵ˵Ͼ²̫𺳣Ҳ̫ˡҲֻ΢Цͷ
ӵʹȥ
ɲǼףΪʲôˡ
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һݣǰһУȻһɫⲨֱǰȥɲǼ佫ӵȫնء
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׼ȷ˵Ĳַ
Ī֪ʵУڰѶԼĻȨв˲֤Ȩ̺͹ͳһԻʵǿӲֶȴΪԣȻбҪЩү⣬һݣǾǻʵ壬ͬһѪˡ
ǱҲͱˣˡȴţǱƵɱԼ̫ˡ
ֱǴ治
ƽʱɵ˹ؼʱ̣λĻɾͲôˡ
Ҫʱ˳ֻ֧ʵ۵ľߣϻʵж
ϣʵ۶⣬λҲΪһ¡ڻʵʦĪ¼ΪأȻĪ¾ҪҸͷҲȥˡ
Ī֪Ȱ費˻ʵֻۣһգ̣˽ȴȻԵġ
ĪЦ֪뷨ڲ²ԳɳǺ֮ϵʱϹϵվ֧ԳɳǣӶߡ
馿ɲүʰǻʵۺҲ˵Ͼܰˡ
ȻǸүʵͦϸ֪ĪЦݺ󣬶ĿҲȻء
ҪľѣĪЦȻҲܿοĪЦôһæ
֪ԳɳѣԳЩĪЦȸϵ롣
馶ĪЦһǸм
һѪսԼҲȡʤҲǻһ
ԼҵÿһˣĲҸ
޼ɲˡ
ݲˡ
Ҳˡ
˾˼һôͻȻʧˡ
סߴԵ˵ǿ˽бͤȻʧˡ˽бͤҲ֮ʧˡֻͨͨϰգԻ˽⣬صĹڸǲ״ȻҲ˵Ȼ
˭һָо׶༪ˡ
˶ԺæµսլԺ
վԳɳǰ࣬壬ѾԸȥˣճǼճΧȫѰһҪҵ
Գɳҹգú̾ϢǼĺӣԼԼ͢δĶʲô⣬ҾӮʮճǰٸճҲûʲôֵýġҡ
馵ȷ˲š壬ҪǣΪǲǲµġǻ
бͤвˣ˽бͤˣһҼ÷ӣһǳ¼Ҽ³ӡмҲȻʮճܴĻ˭һżǸϹ馰Ϲǻ굤ĻͰ޼ûбͤɥǱϹ׷ϣҲֻ·һ
ԳɳǷĺеһʱ޷ȴǷĵĲǻ⡣
壬ѾˣٶҲûáĿǰҪģǺúðҵŲȥԺճطҵĻˡ
ԳɳǴ馵ĻһЩ˼ɵʵأ馣Ҫˣ
ٹһʱ䡣ɫص˵ĪЦѴһЩ˵ˡǺֶѳױƻԽԽѾˡҵֵҲʣˣǱͷһҲҲӦԵ׼馲ָ־ܵˡ
Գɳ֪ε̬ΪαϴθǿӲˡֵͬܣˣʵȻǲͣˡ
һʧ֮ʹǶֶֶˣ馼һңԳ͢Ǳǲһ˿ϣˡ
Ҫ¶ģȷҲһ׾µȥľ
Գɳ̧֣馵ļģ˵ıԡֻҪǶԵģǾ
һůԣȴԳɳǼᶨĵ˵ͷ
Գɳֱȥͷ죬޼ɣСݣһҪû°
ͬʱլԺֹԳɳһˡ
оڴǰ޵п£뱧Ҷÿ˵϶Žᡣ


192 ܻ
Ҳֻһ룬Ҳѹꡣ
ĵһоǲ֪Լ˯˶áԺѳһĿհסοհûм䣬Ҳ벻κζ
ΨһģֻһΡ
һƬƴնɵΡ
һµεܡ
ǵܶգգ۾ųǻһ
δعͻȻи塣
ǿҵ£뺰Ҳ붯Ҳˣֻϵ׸
һ˸ߵսݵı
гһ޴ס
ſ죬
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ֱѡ
ݴԴʹΣȴûԽԽѵĸо
ʲôˣĹһôڤ磿
̧ͷȥ̲ݳԶľ֣ڤĪǺ˽һ
ǻţǸ޼ɸأӦɶأģ
ݻܣûпǵӰ
֮䣬·ֻһˡ
ʼ⾿ǲԭǸ磿
Сܱ֣ڣ𣿡
ĺȻûеõκλӦ
ݱ۾й룬СǶڡֻǶ˯ţǾ޷
ôˣʵڲ׷ʲô
Ӧɶ͸оԼľڱһ룬𽥵ʧȥ֪ʱԼҪˡȴûһĸоһ㶼ûС̵Ĳݣ죬׵ƣһ뵽
̯˫֣ѩɽĶɫľڶһ
ΪڣԼĻš
ԼţǸȥأ
һȦȻûзʲô
Զ֣ͷųľľľϣγһܹӦ⻷ĴѰʧĻ顣
ľͺͻľϢϢأľľϣͬأˮ󺣣ܱӦķΧ
̤ϻ֮·ݵһ
ĲǿҲȱţʧˣʧȥġ
СżҲֵܡ˵һ֡ûԼǻš֣һŵ֮һ
޼ɲ׸磬Ѻ൱ꡣָǹѵڹ͡ǳҹߴ֣бͤǸĽػ¶ǿǰΣգûȴһ
ӦɶȲֵܣҲ޼ֵȴʤֵֵܵܣʶҲûʱ䡣һ·ϵһһΣеĻȣǱ˴˴ʶ֪ĳףǿµأĹͬڱ˴˵ռҪλá
һ뿪ˣ˵һ޷ܵ顣
ڣ˶ˡ
ݼеҪҵǣֻҪٴοǵգܰġ
ľ£ľ˷ӦݴһЩϢʱһȴЩ˹
ľ꾳ǸӪʳ첻ң
ҶضţǰȻһˡ
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˵ⷬͻȻסؿڣ³һѪȥ˺صˡ
û˺󣬵ѽ䱸
˳ΪʳһӪʳȥܲһ̫¡
ͷⷬ⣬Ҳš
ģͻȻʳôһ䡣
ͷȻЩݵ⣬ڶݵû˿ȤҪӪʳָơ
ȻˣȻ֪ľ꾳Ȼûаݷ·ǿ󵽾Ҳ׵ʰһľ꾳͡ûн䱸Ҳں˵仰ĻᣬںشһһЩⲢУǾԵšֻһԭܹͣǾʵǳǿǿľ꾳ͬһֻϡ
ͷ°ָһ򣬸ݣǰ治Զһǣճǡ
ճǡİһЩԼûȥһ磬ճǲԶô˵ǸûлԼǰԼ͵ݴʱȻûʱȥоΪʲôͻģܵв
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˻һѲٻشκ⡣
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ܻˣ
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ڲǰƵĺǹճǵĵһ硣
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ûлİԼ˵Ķ֣
û뵽Ÿոѣ˾
ɿһôϥ£˫Ŀ΢գ촽΢ţ嵭ȴɱ˵ɱ


193 ս
һַǳʵڴǰ΢΢壬ܲסʱµĺɫѪҺ˵״ʵ⡣ƤȻܴ󣬵ȥɣڹ˵ӦûǶȥӲñӴʱڿڹͷϣñӶϻʵ˺Ϊġ
ɵĴʱЩìܣӦϧ״ûصˣǶԸ־ֻǻӻֵС¡㲻һ¡ڵȻ޷սֻðƽﵱ䱦ıӳ
ʮ޿ܽˡǹɻʮƶɵĻǸĻ˵ʱ㲻ж೤ķѵľͲȴ൱ࡣҲǹڼʮǰͳΪʦùʦݾƸǮλϵӴҲܾռϡ˵ѾƷĺûˡһʮÿžķСɺѪֻҪ룬ܷӳãҪʲôȻĻصҲʹò˵ġ
ѪһôǾ㱻˶ߣҲ޷ʹãЩʾʱֶʹҲ޷Ťתս֣һĶӵ³ȻûΪ׷ɱЩ׷ɱĶҲзǳǿĶ֡Ϊʹ꾳Ľ˲ŽѣҲˣЩ
ڹɶԣơʮ޿ܽˡΪֶΡʧȥʲôʮֻҪܱסҲֵõġ
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ʱһľ꾳ͣȻҪʹһǾһǳϧˡ
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Լһɵһ˷ѵˣֱɱţⳡսʤûбκλɡȻڶȻͣѪȴǳš
ݶԹɵźΡٻĽʵںǿ󣬹ȫǹݣЩųĽͬһҫ۵Ľ𾵣ʹݵ۾һʵʵĽ룬ͷƤ顣
Ȼսʤ꾳͵սǶСǺͻİ˶෽ֶβʤǿСֶڳ˯ûзӦ⿿ԼԸһľ꾳ͻʮ㣬꾳͡ȷǳ֡
ݺԼսʤһˣɵñϿɻ
Σϣã
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ݽһųѪˮĿˮȥڱɵ;ٴʹںͽһ롣
˵ս˼άʹץסʹǻ
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ݵϵɳʯ׷׷γһơ
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ݵͫɲǼ䱻һȵ¶Ƚ֡
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𣡡
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󣬽ӽ˵ĸ˽ȥӱ˳з輸ȦΪ⣬ʧ
˽Ӳվԭأͦñֱȥ
飡
һĻɵۡ

꾳Ľ˱ɱˣ
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һһУ
ǹѵʦ꣬˼ȵȣΪ޷ͻȻվѾȵˡ
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Ūˣû뵽ģԲᷢ
ļʻܸߡ
ˣˣˣɴУָ̧ݣܻ˵һСطȻֶεˣҵĽˣҵĽ˰
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ͬǶԸݣɿʼһ᲻ãȴԥʣµⲻȫΪŭΪ֪ԼٻɱݣҲԲŹˡ
ܹڵľ磬ܹڹʦλˮǵ
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СʲôֶΣ춼Ǳɣ
һսϣƾͲһôˡվڹɵǰ棬һ޼ɴݵĽڣһ޴Ľɫս
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λûȵ˳֣ݵȫͱҵĽ⣬⼱ٵӡ֮Ȼǿҵ
ԭǰĹɶʱſڵء
ûûбֻеһս˼άᱻӰ쵽ԣӲǱȵʹκζ
֮һŽβâգٶԽԽ죬ԽԽ󾹻һѾ޴սꪡ
սγɺûֱͣͦͦĳ˷ȥ
ԼҲû뵽һ̣ʶȻ֪սꪵ֡
û˭˵ݵҲûнյκָսꪵͻȻԿԺ֮С
սꪣ
ɵսꪣ
Ŵ֮һУ
ھȻУΪս
ݾˣ


194 ն
ս̬ꪾʱȻ޴ڿа裬ΪźԶƲʶԶԶģлصеǴźص֮޲Ĺâ
սûֱӴˣǷɵͷϵգˣ˵ȻҲѸٵڻ廯˽ˮڵĻꡱð·һ㡣
սתѸ٣תʤȯգû뵽ǣʱ˱
ģҲǿġ
ڻһĽ˾ȻΪһ˴ײϡʱںϣһ޴Ľ
ڰطÿһιһʵʵâ˿˿âγ޼ɴߵ㣬սꪵ赲档
ˣսꪵ޷ƽ򣬱㷴ᱻϮ
ԭһߵսֶʱ˱仯ɽ֧ʧȥָֻһЩ
ˡ
սꪾҵĲһͰʢˮˮͰҡʱˮһһ⡣һХսѸ³ֱָѸ͵Ĵ˹ȥ
͡
սꪵļͷн棬·ȥһͷͷųĻͽڲĻʼҵĶԿĦΪ̶
սһһݽ˽С顱һƣսꪻصͷͷŹɣȻסָо·ڻĶŹɿ
ҵĽˣҵĽ˰ɸоսûɱ⣬һİ߱ͬŪһָָݲͣزţ͵ҧ´·˸һܼ
ԭˣԭˡԭвĻ
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Ȼûк͹ɴֻԶԶؿ
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ʹǶλҶ꣬ӮҪһսɱ˶ᱦǰսꪣҽսеϢһǣʱǵĻ굤Ϣ󣬹׳󣬱ضܳɾʹ굤
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Ǹ͵սʿеĹֶζڰϣ굤Ҳڰչ֡һĽȱ仯ȴǽӵ˼¡
һܶ
굤ȻöԸ޼СֹһȴַЦɻ굤ѵõУĽᾧһҶ
޼ŤͷȥСݣĴлӦ򴫳лҪä򣡡
Աϣ޼ɽżڽһ㣬ԾµʱΪһΧӽŸԴתŷȥлΪһ߳
ͨɫ羵ˮ
һ֣޼˵ʱ㷢˾޴ı仯޾֮£˸ܵһɽȻĸо
·һ֣о٣𣬱޿ɱܡ
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һ̣սÿ˵ﶼܵһǰδеĳظоֳأǶµĻ䣬ǶʷľηǺĹ޵Դ
һնննǺԶź֮նʷʹɣ֮УնеĹȥ
ĹȥնϣնĹȥ
ûк·޿ɱܣ


195 ĺ
նһʹս϶ʱһɱϺصĽ֡ʹڽУϵĸǽ죬ȴһֳ١
ննĲľļ䣬ĹȥĺĽӿʹߵԺеļ䣬նľ
նĹȥûк·޿ɱܡ
һĹžڽʹߵԺ̿ʷɣޱʹ֮ʱ˫ϥ£ãȻʧ롣
һ̣ʹߵ۽ǾȻᡣ
˭ǻ굤ͣѲ֪ԼʲôççڰѰҵ˹ԼǴ󣬲ڵأϵعݣĴµĴӡ
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꣬峺ûһ˿־ź
ĹȥѱնϣѲ֪ʲô壬֪ʲôˡ
ӿޱȵĽУõ˳򽣹֮࣬ƫƫɱд⣬Ȼõ޻ڵ뿪硣
ʴȣǷӵµĶ
նɱʹߺûմȾһʹߵѪҺһΪһС޼ɵıϡһ̣޼ұϸֳһ㽣ɽ޼ɵұϳʱ֮ǰսӿɲǼʧ
޼նɱʹߵͬʱݺʹҲս
ԭʹսĽŵڵõ޼ɵѺսֱ㷢˾޴ı仯
޼ɵĻսꪽйͨսǱ߹Ȼ˷Ӧ
˵һ㣬һϵĽ
ʱȻܺʵʱԵȣҲ֪ʱ˶ã֮ʵֻһգ۵ĹսѴݸϢݡ
ͻȻսȫµʶ
ָſ֡ǰо޴սͷųһ⣬Ȼ˺ڿвһСʮɵݵС
սвͣתݵͻȻһָͣգתеսꪱȻֹ·بžûж
һ̣˵ʷ˷츲صı仯òȻᣬҲ࣬ȴޱȰԵϣǴڱŷֱܴʵʵѹ
Щոս꾳Ļͣʱվǰͷ̧
ǾŴ֮һǾŴ֮ף
죬±ǶȺ
ԶʱڣһֱΪѪҲһֱ䵱ͷĽɫΪ󣬺ʵĳΪеߣ쵼Ļҡ
Գɳǵɱﵻһɱǹ
Ҳ˵һֻͷơĴУȻԷӵ쾡¡
ս֣ϱҪǿˡ
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ͷϵǾȻȼ
һĻµĹҲɫޱ䡣
ʹҪʲôԷǣԻΪʹһǰռϷ磬ͻȻԷǣѵԤеѷǵһ
ȼյʱʹߵĸޱһűסĻ굤ĹâСޱȵĹâɻ굤ųġ
굤£Ȼͷų˻굤ܲԷǣȴҲͬھֶΡʹ߿˼ľ޴ѣȻԥӦƴƣ
Ʒ
ʹѱڵĻ굤ҫͨڶͷϵѷճɻңһ޴ļǵ£Ǽֱָݵķǲɫī
īļϣĹӽ֣ԩĺšһԩ˷ȥʹ졣ֻЩԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽγһѹ֮࿹
Щɲ֮е⡣ǶʵĹҲﵽ˿˽ߵĵزеж
ڣеĹʹͷųӿ˹ȥ
ǵصӿ˹ȥ
ǰѹѹһƬںڵĸɽԼѹûȴо¶ᶨƵš
սꪱһɫâ
ִսꪣһǹȻǺѹѹĸɽȥ
𣡡
һϵХ֪ǴԶǾսеӿȥһ޴ף
ԭǱ۾ʱͻȻ
·ʱ侲ֹЩ϶ʱ¶־顣Ǳǿ־ĴʣǾȻ˿־塣
һ̣ףЩڷͳͳսꪹȥۼսꪵļͷ
ɱ
е˲ͷųȥ
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ɱޱߡ
̼䣬ûһУһУǺѹѹġƷʹ߱ʧ
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бսꪣͷָأ֮Ȼ
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ݵĿ⣬˹ɵϡ
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һʼݵʱ򣬰ӪʳûԸݻʲôѶȣʹһ˷ѡתۼ䣬ĸսʹҲսٿݣ˶ûд
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Щǣ֪ôˡ
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һʲôҲû˵ϺݺһǼɫ۳кݺһ˦
ڰţųɫĹâͣת
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Ҳ˵ǵʵǲݺ޼ɵĶ֣͹ԴԴϵĶҪ˺
ʦۣ
бһѪĹâŭǺȻʹһʦʮǰʦҵģǻǺǵĻҲȻҵĶ֣ʦٻĹ޲½ģǸͲǻ̺ҿжܲܰʦٻĹɱɾɱɾǾЩ޵ͣ
ȻֶΣȻ˲𡣡ݾ̾һæת޼ɱԱվţ޼ɸ磬ʦֶκܶ࣬ǧҪС
š޼Ӧһ鲻ġ
ʱʦٻĹǳɰǧˣһ֧
ݵһ빫ɾǵʦһܹ׳ˡ
ǻȻǻǻ֪߳˶٣
ǼͻǼһֻҪǣȫһˡ
ݺ޼ɶﰵпࡣ
һʮҲãһ԰Ҳգ֮ԸǧĻʹǾ̫ΪˡǶԿһ֧Ӱ
һ̣޵ͬʱվȻɫ
ĺ⽵٣죬Ȼˡ
УƯһɫơ
ϣһ֡
Ƕƽ½Ǹ˵ӰҲԽԽ
סһŴ죬ÿȶһ£վҪһ֡
˵Х죬ÿ
ĺ֣ΪУ
һֻ̣һŻڵԪɵĴ졣
ϣӡһľ
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Ǹ֣ŵ
̼䣬޾ĺڰ
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196 ʥ
սꪵĳ֣޷ܵϣÿҪɪɪ
ĳ֣Ľͽɭϣÿܵıƽ
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ĺ⽵٣ҹȡ˰磬Ҳһ˿
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Ӣµ۽ǵһӰ˿еĵ̣ͷļԱ磡
ҡĺˣ
ûмŻӦݣǼҡĺ졣ÿҡһΣĺɫҪһ֣ҲҪһЩʦٻĹޣһþ㵵ĿŻηηĶӣеĸֱڵϣͷ̧
ݺ޼ҲеǿҵĲʣæսꪺϢȫγһ㣬;ܵĺӰ졣
ҲûʹʲôҪֶΣֻҡӣǳɰǧĹޱһڵأʦתԽԽͷųĹâҲԽԽֹͣתͬһƬҶƮȥڲݵϵһ̣еĹ޶ʵΪ飬Ϊ˵ĹӰʧӰ١
ĺһգɽУµĺɢöзɳ£䡣
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΢ЦʧǰɣԭǰҫǰѽģǲǾЩòˣ
Ц޼ɺܲˬ˵ѽѵͱӲˣҪզһȣ
ȵȻҪȣڶԱ˴˵жϤҪϤһ˵ĲŹ񫡣
ʱ㣡
ţץʱúʱ˶ˡ
˵ʲô䣿һ䣿ʲôʱҪҲϤھԡ
ָס䣬
绹һ㶼û䣬һͶˣ·עȻൽˣƽҲǺܻԾһ޼һ飬ϲ޼ɿġ޼ƽǸȫ޻ˣ˵ҲǼΪ򵥣һʼ죬Ǳܲסˡ
һĻݺȴĳ˺Ρ
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һͣǵһοڰһĻ
һĻ𺳳̶ȣȾŵһ̻Ҫ
֮ʣòһľ꾳ͣǸˣɱĻ뾫ѪΪԼˣɱײɱ
Ǻʹһʹһѡ⣬ΪԼƣҲֵõġ
û뵽ǣľ꾳СһȻзǳıͷų̺ǿҵϢ
ðɣȻͷųϢĺñǾ͸ܷŹˡıͷųǿҵϢٶеĻˡǰеĵƶֻҪܰи㵽֣Ƕֵõġ
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ԣԵǼСë֪һʲôµģҹһٶ꣬һٶ꣬кκ
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תۼ䣬ɲһ˵ˣһޡ
ѵûĵôݶԹɵ׽͸Ҫɶ׽͸Ͼʦĵƺ̫ЩҲ˶ףԽˣصɱоԽܹ̻࣬ĵҲԽࡣԺˣҪرע⣬Ǳľ顣
޼Ҳܵ˼ΣյϢ˾Լͬվǰ档
һ˲Сϸڣޱȸж
Ȼ׸磬ҲΪǵɡ޼ɲ׸磬ȴҲˣһҪ޼׸ĳ嶯
ݵȻûж󣬴м伷˳ȥǲսס
޼ɶһۣ˵ͷ
һ̣˵嶼ͷųһȦ˵С
ɫɫɫзĸԲͬ
屬ͬʱɵ忪ʼͣƤʺ죬·ܵγѪ֫ʱʱС·һҴܡܵͻʹ
СҹɵѾ֪֪Ǳ굤Ļֻͣһܳɾͻ񾳣һ뻯񾳣ǱҲܲǲõҲǼпܣǣǻһУԱ굤ǽһ֮أŻ굤ֻھģƫƫҪײǾֻȥɣ
ʲô굤ͻ񾳣ʲôҲܲݵһͷˮܸܵõʱ˿̵Ĺ쳣ǿ󡣷·̺޾һըɵǼֱ
սӳ£ҪԱ굤ͬھλ磬ܲˣȫֵһǧУ
޼֪˵ĺǿ˶деȡ
һ̣һŵİʷսϿջֵİ裬µʥİ׹⡣
ƺ֪սжôΣգսϷȥ
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̼䣬ľȫݻ٣֪жȸ޿ӱûãã֮С
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ֱȫɢһͯհŮӴߣڰлһɫԲԲ򻺻䣬һŰɫСӣŮӱϵһСףΪŮӱϵһװΡ
Ůӳ߹ȥòȻСһͷ˾£һСŮһǰһͻȴϢ˵·ʱ᲻ΪĲȶ
壬ۣӤ
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ŵһء
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197 Ĵ
˻굤ڽɵĻ굤ͳΪһ޴ıĸڻɱ굤ʱطԱ굤ĻᡣΪԱ굤ǻ굤͵һͬھֶΡ
Ϳɲ⣬ڻɱŲ÷Ӻͳ³ʱҲǵϣһдѹ˲Ĩɱκ˷˵ĻᣬҲԱ굤ɲҪ鷳
Ҫ֪һճɾͻ굤ĻֻͣС굤С굤ԱҲ㹻굤͸ըġ
ԱģǱ굤Ҳ˵굤ıըܲը񾳵ĸ֣Ҫըľ꾳ǿ϶⡣
һλ굤оרдһƪ𾪻ͽ£ʮС굤˲ɱ񾳡ƪǰ֮ԻΪǵ͵ı⵳
굤Ҳ˵˵оо󾳽УнľˮС硣СУˮ꾳һ޳ˮ꾳Ҫһ֮Կʮ꾳ǲٻ¡һľ꾳Կʮˮ꾳Ҳ׾١꾳ʱҲͨƶϡʲôĹȻҪҪҲҪʵʵΪ硣Ǳʡ
ͬ굤ΪС굤굤ͱ굤硣һ굤ԿʮС굤ȴ˵ʮС굤˲ɱ񾳣С굤ͻ˶Զм硣⻹ǿ˵˲ɱ
˲ɱʲô˼ɱ˼
ʮС굤굤޷ɱȴ˵ܹɱ񾳡Ǻһʱ֮伫
⵳ıԷҲǰڻһˣƫƫƪµȴзǳݡ
µݲǴͳϵʮС굤Կ񾳣һȷ˵һյСڣʮС굤ͬʱԱС굤㹻񾳻ըըҲᱻըɻҽ
ŵ۶ʱͽ硣
ˣÿͶ֪˻굤ԱǼôֲ¡ڻ굤ϵĻͶսʱ浽һĵزһֹԷԱ굤ֶΡ
޼ɶֻоĻͣͲ֪Щ֪ʶԲŸ˹Ա굤ĻᡣͿˣʣˡиֶ߳εǿߣڹɶ֮ǰı굤Ϊá
͵գԽߣԽա
νߴʤ˵ľ
䣡
ɵԱ굤ԷﶼӰ죬ٱըѴݳȥ˶͵ػͷԱܵĳĵطȥ
ճǣվԣԳɳǺĪЦ̸һЩˣűȥиˡ
ж̸ʲô
üͷ˴ĶͬСɡиճˡ
รЦЦǾͱߣǺηʥ

Ұ⣬һ֧ӵǰڸ߸ߵսϡ
µսʱ˫ȼнưͷϣսŰ
ͣԶȻô󶯾
һֱ󣬵үӪȴ˹ȥ
ıᣬ¶һ˿Ц⣬ءŵһɻ굤ζѵϼһԱ굤ˣǱ굤Ļ굤Ա㹻ﵽЧְϼһı굤ӦΪ׼ģôôԱˣ
ĵжϲһɣ˳Ļ˵ѵ˱ƵͶ·ˣ
룬ʵǿɲ⣬ϵıͦࡣԼ˵أһҲɱ굤ˣҲܹȫˡǸԱˣҲǸ굤
룬ճǸµطӦòĸ֡
ĵˣھճǣиˣǿɱɡ
˼һᣬͻȻү˵񣿡
ǲҲȷĲˣҪȥҪͷȥ
굤Աˣͷأ
ͲǱòĵˡ˭ɱˣ˭ȥġ
ףˣǼǰ
Ȼ˪ǰ棬ǺϷˣǺȤ
·뵽ʲôү᲻ǳ˪
ܡʮ˵ǳ˪ǹɾûԱ굤Ļᡣֲǲ֪˪ĸԡ
ʱȻ

ӦɶΪһ岻ԳƵĸ߷壬̸ͤͤСŮĸоȷʵǳλġǰһЦ΢΢ʩ
ݶ˵ȥӦɶס
ɶ죬Ҳû£Ҷû£̫ˣݵʮּȻԴ̤ϻ֮·£ҲվֻʮꡣϵĵʧĲأϵĵʧȷʵ൱ӵġ˿̼˶ȻǿҲƲˣǷ
Ӧɶ챻һŪô벻һϺͮͮģԴݵļϡ
һĻ޼ɶһۣһЦ
ԺкܶʣݺӦɶڡࡱ֮УҲûȥǡȵǷֿӵĸ첲߹ȥʵӦ㴥˻ǲӦö˫˫Ĺһ𣿿Ϊʲôǻţ
޼߹Ҳ˵һõĹء
Ӧɶͬһı飬ͷ˼Ȼ̧ͷ˵ʵҲǺһΪԼҪˣȻԺһƬհףϾʧȥ֪֮һܳʵΡҵõʥĴУһʥ˵˻һһжġҺʥ鹵ͨȻ޷ʥ˵ʥȴݸҺܶϢ
޼ɵͷҲһһܳΣ͵õ˽С
ݺûгѸǣҲһġ
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Ӧɶգֲһ䣺ûиңܵõС
ݵʵҲûҪЩԭϱкܶ޷͵ġڻţһõĹأǺ¡
޼ɵͷС˵еȻŪףǾûҪᡣǵõĴУֻǱøǿ󡣡޼ȻԼõ⡣ĽͣҲΨֻѡΪˣǷǳʡЩ˭޼ɸʺϵõأ
ţӦɶͷ
룬Ӧɶֵʲô鶼Ҫ濼ǡ˵Ǻ£ûصĲãǾǻˡ
˾ͷӦɶ˼
ǵʵֻ̫ͣҪһʹͻͷų޴ϢĻϲ˾ͻɱ˶ᱦ˼
˱
üأҲûʲôǼסһǣֻҪеˣԲš
û˵û˷ԣΨһİ취
ɶ죬ʥֿ͵Ȼ굤ԱܶסˡͻȻ˵
Ӧɶϵʥ飬СǰĹԭǿŲ˫˫Ĺܵɫʯʧˡһף˿Ƕʥúʡ
ʥбǸԵս塣սʱܸͬӳĹ⻷ָܻܸͬͬṩǿķʥʥĽᾧֳȻҲЩҾܺáҸպòϲɱɱҵõȴҲسںṩ֧Ԯˡ
ɶ죬Сǻڳ˯֪ôˣʥܲܰﵽæ
ԡӦɶһָݵĸϣϵʥ鷢͵İ׹⡣
һưɫâ˳Ӧɶֱָٹ뵽֮С
ݵľסռ䣬֮ǰɫâռ󣬿ռ͵һӽⶳһΧĺȻ׹⿪ʼתСҲ͵ѡ
СһӸбQݵļϣգ̫ˣӦõʥУռͶҪˣ
ݲСȥȻһֱ˯ƺʲô֪
æʵС׷ʲô


198 
굤Աľ޴ԭ̼ԭҰ˵ԭҰ佱һЩǹͺͺĵͿеĽζôҲֻܳƵһƬҰ
ҰϣһŮһ
ӦĻ̺ǿҵĿռ伷ѹ֮Կռо޴˺ռĺȻ֮ûбݻ٣Ǳռ伷ѹ֮סˡʱ䳤ˣռͻһһʧȥӪϻֱݽߣЩڿռĴڣҲֻſռһ𡣺ʥеԿЩкܺõİ취Ȼˡ
С渵Ƕ֪СֻĺӣССԴװŵĿǼļʶĻŷ
ʵռ伷ѹ֮ռ䶼Щݻ٣ǼѪ֮ôûأ
СΪеıӰǽĹʱʵѾѡ˸Եļ̳ˡڻʱѾĹĹıˡԵֻܵռ伷ѹ֮ĳӶԹȥȴûܵκ˺
΢紵ĳĹ⣬ǰһ廰ˡΪֿռ伷ѹ֮ǲռĹ͵
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ˣˡӦɶ޼ͷ
ʵô˵ǸͿҲӦû£
Сͷġ
ԣ˵ɫЩӦɶԭ򣬾ΪǸǿĲ񻰵ͿͿĿľǣûǻ
ʲôֵ˶õУһͿǿֲʵûס
һдѹͽ굤˲ɱ
Ǻεȿֲ
Ӧɶ쳯ݺһۣͿʲôˣΪʲôҪǣ
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷȥ磬ʱ˷ܡ
ܺǵйذɡ赭д˵һ䡣
ʵ磬⻰ʲô˼ǲ֪Щʲô
ҡҡͷʲô֪ʱҲ꣬ܶ䶼ģôЩǵĸ׵ֲֻᣬǵһֱǸ𣿡
ǵĸ׿϶ͨˡ޼ɺĲ廰˶ô
ʵΪʲô
޼ɵȻһֱ˵ĻȣоֹԼһ˱ȵϣ˵ˣճһЩ̫̫ҲȲǵĸװɣһǸ߹ˡ˿򣬶һﰲӣһʮ꣬ʵ̫ˡٿֵǰСںһĸӶ㣬ֻ˵ǵĸ׾򵥡
ݾ㵵ԭءԼǴûҲԺ׵ӣºûбҪ¡ôˣԼѾʮˣǻڣΪʲôѰǣĸ˻߶׷ĸ׻һӵİΣǸкܶţкܶӡĸ״ֵΪѰɡ
ûбҪȻ˷ʱ롣˷Լ벻ͨ벻׵ľͲҪ룬ŬԼǵһλġ㸸׻и˲ĸ˻ǵÿԼ
Ӧɶ廰ҿԴ˵ȻǴˣѪҲ൱ҪġСݣǸͿȲҪŶ֣˵
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ձЩֵֹġ
СݵļԾ˹ɵǼǰȻڻ굤Ա¶ûбݻ٣Ǽñ
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СǼǻĿռ䲻󣬵ܺ͸ʹãЧǳˡ
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ݴ˸ָϲˣҲ˵һ̶ץأ
ԣСͷЦҡбҪҪ˳ĻҲʱٻ޳㵱ڻҡ
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˵ţСץסʦһǣȥ
Ϊݵ׸磬ʱó
޼Ҳû
ӦɶСС;ڼλһ꣬Ƶģ״һЦȻСҪãȻСݵİ֮ˡ
⻰Сʦ۳ӹȥ
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ھ˵ܱ
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ңܱޱȲ졣
С񷱶࣬Ҫ鷳ĵطҲࡣΪ֮£Ȼͷϣѵ鷳Ҫѣ
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ʦۣǻǱСԳħǼҪߵĻԳħ֮һҵأΪڲǻûҵ
ݰʦ۸ûиСǶļΡ
ܱǻٶܲ
ⱦȻˣǾͲҪٽˡһɣšҪͽۣ
ۡۡãƣҴۣҴӴԺ󲻾𣿡ܱ˷ܵ˵
ҾҪΪһҲǼǳɾ͵¡ݲɫĬĬ롣
ӦɶͨοӦɶлֵܵõУȫմӦĹ⣬л
Ӧɶ΢ЦⶼעԵ֡ûСݣڻ֪䵽˭СûǣҺСҲߴˡ
ӣ̲סЦ
ڲĺڰ֮·ǰգڿù
һҲ֪ڻжȹ˼죬ʱѹԺĵıճǵ
Ҳ֪ʲôˡ
ȷճǵķ󣬱ҴǰС
ճǽϽ֮ǰ˹ĸ֣Ǳ㲻ʹԵУǵʲô鷳
û뵽ǣ鷳ˡ


199 ۵㣬ճǡ
Ǹʲôģ
ճǶԼһ֧ǧʿɵľסˡЩʿȫսߴǿһϺõ֡ϵľʿźڼףϵųնǶԻоˣһ۾ܿЩģ򵥵նʵǶǻиʿеıǻһ֧ӣҲ˵սΣǵļֵ͵ͬһƶĽɽ
ںܶʱ򣬽Ǯ͵ͬս
ӴӶڶס˵ȥ·ǰԷֿһƥȵս̤㻺˳
ƥսɫɫͷԵսһͷȻǵ֣ٴһǻ޵ѪھУϺõȻֵǮٲȻҷչƣֵǮĻ޺ͻ
Ȼ޺ͻ޶Ƿǳ͵ĴڣҲѱֻҪմһ޻ѪͳǶǼΪġ
ϵģѪսһŮˡŮһɫףںɫԵڲͬͷһֻչɵķ˷·ӶͷϺ֮µüӢˬòȻᣬĿˣһսսʿ
Ů߽һˣһӣǳ࣬Ϸ·ȶѹһЩ˵ɤŷǳ
û֪ǰŮ˲죬ͷʲôˣ
ڿкݺһ飬ȵ֪ߵغСëӣҺ˪˵
̯֣һεģӦ˵Ų
ҳ㡪
ס֡Ů˵һ䣬Ǻ󺺹죬ԺһЩ
Ů˽ȤĴһ󣬵Ǿ˾ѩ˪׷ˡûпһûڵͷӣ
˪ĬĬ֣ʾ죬ҡҡͷû
Ǵģˣ˪ʵ
ƫͷָԶճˣȥǰĴ档ϧѲڣǾͻˡ
ȻճˣǾǾ񣬾͸ΪҷǡбҪҵĴٸһҸᡣƭңǿûùӳԡ˪һâвĿ˵
΢Ц˪˵Ķʵ
˪΢΢ͷתͷ
ݰһ
ʱ˪ͻȻֻعͷٴγ
Ŀûݣϡ
ף˪ǿ˺ܸȤĶսǰ˼΢΢ϸ񡣡
û뵽ӢˬŮͻȻðôһֱɵĻ˶Щ졣˪Ŀ⣬ҲֱĶô˵
ͿҲ˵Ҳ˵ŮҲ˵
Ҿ˭
Ȼ˵˵Ҳʹǳ˪϶׷ʣѵ˵ҲʹǾ¶ˡ
ֵܣȻΪȴΪÿ˶ԱܵĲо֮ġ
ֱ̫ˣ˪һ߿һ˵ڿһµƷ
չ۾ʱĵϴ󣬴ֵ˵Ҳ٣ھ
ǡ˪۾۽е̣ھûСǳ̫ˡ
š˪棬̲ϣͱֻӳúÿˡȻʲôھ̫ﲻϲͲ
ЦھҪ˵ֻԼ̡
˪ḧսë˵ץĳ̫ˣƽһ
˵ţһҲΧס
ǿŸ߰ĶʱܵĴȻһ˵˳Ͳһɽկģ
¾Ҫ֣ǰ档
ΪȻץˣ޷죡ԾһлӰֱӳϵĳ˪ȥ
ȥ
ÿҺ档˪סʱվϣżһ㣬̧žȥ
ݵӰʧһڳ˪ı
ָ
ָĽ˪˪תرָܹżһ㣬ȴǽӵһٳݱȥ
ЩСƵĻܲܺ򣿡
ಣ
˪ĻδһһĽʱ
˪ʱƣһɢǵ顣
ݿĿɿڴղͷŵеĽԴ̤ϻ֮·µࡣڣŮǰ·𹹲κв
˪һͦСӣëûɣôɱôأ
ŮåݴһУִͳ˪ɱȥ
Ƚ˼˪а׹һʱһѰɫݶɱ
غϣݾ·磬˪Ƶýڽںˡ
֪ԼĽУʱΨһõóֵıֻ֮ǰѾˣûʮİհѶɱôԲܰб¶ݾ˵ǳеһ룬ȻòóôڤڶɴЩóҲáǰھճǣһЩСطмʶ˲ࡣֱʵǿŮȻһˡȻᣬǵ۹ѩȻ֪ѩǸĹ٣ܱ񽫾ͷεģȻҲ̫ճǵ˲ʶڤڶɴܱ֤Ҳʶֻѣݱɱ˶ᱦǾûطȥˡ
ݽУ̺Ľںͳ˪ƴʱʱıɱ˪ֲʱⶨս򷨡
ֻ˪ʵеĻҪǿ̫ࡣ˽ľ룬ٶֿ죬ڳ˪ǻеţ¶ףɵľͰԵĽܿ
ž
ٴαܹѩأһ̧סݵ°ͣԼٶȳݵؿ˹ȥ
ݶʱ߷ɣˤڵأ˪ƽѹ·һֱֱݡ
ϣ
ڳ˪ĽݼʱһѽӲ˹˪Ľ
ѽīأɢŨҵɱȻһѾմѪĽ
Ҫ潣㡣
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˪Ծڰзת壬һ޼ɴȥ
ѽɱʮ㣬ѽµûһǧҲϰ٣Ȼһͨˣһϰɣ
ʮ޼֪˪ʵǿҲ߳־ɱУʮͣ͵ʹȥǽ˪һЩ
ϣң
˫ӣʮȻ˪Ľ޼תħϵĻأ˪ϳȴκ˪ĽҲһѱ
ҲԣֽݣȻͨıϵġ
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飡
ǿСŽӴһɲǣһǿͳ޼ɵĵʮĽûʹ㱻ɡ
˪ͻȻ֣Ȼ޼ĻᶼûС
ҡͷüëѾһš
̫ǿˣȫĶ֡Ѿ˽ۡ޼ɵĳٶ֪ģʮĽҲ̹޼ڳ˪ǰһľˣСӡ
ԼѾûҪˡ
侲ʵ㵽ʲô
ʲôʵڿɣҲܷߡ
˵ţ˪սȫץ


ճǡ
ٶǵ߽֣ѾȫԼҽӹܡԼڴľ߽ͳһ滮ͳһ衣Ҳ馵飬ĪЦҲ֧֡
ٶǵ߽ߣһ·ճǵĶš
ʱڶ⣬һٸӵϢʶӺͳԼԼһǡ
馣ԳɳǺĪЦվǰ棬ңֻƽľӡ
ãһƥʮǰͣ£ȻܹϥµԳǾ
ѵȫʤѩЩ˷ܣ·飬ȥڴˣЩң
ǣ
Ȼ֧ӵٶЩϰＲ۶
Ϊһˣɫ¹ڳȥʮ꣬ȣֻһ˫۾ԵüΪ
ϣȴ֣ȫ˫ȿƷ١ûֺ֣æڼʱҲһֻľͷһֻһС
ǸľͷѾ̳˴ŵ״һͤͤŮˣŮ˵Ҳϣֻʣ˷Ρ
馺ͣСϥ£ү
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ѩʵүѵŮӣ
ڿܵһɲǣԺﻹһףһʱȴ벻ŹЦЩ죬û
ǻˣҲϡ档ѩСֹЩʧ䡣ؽ㣬㾿
ųѩֲţճ߱ʵѩôճˣ
ѩ赭д˵Ѿǡ
Щ죬ͣ½Ųʵˣ
šѩͷ±̴ʱ򣬹ھѾƳˡճǻϡ
ԭСƵĳǡߣѩ͵ʱûʲôˡھ֣¶һм顣
ѩһЦֲȱǮҪʹʲô
㰡㣡Ǹ˵ʲôãָųѩЦǰߣʵȻ͸Ѹٰʦ񾩰ճǸʲô
ѩճǽ¼Ķһۣѹ󶯸ɸھ϶Ѿ֪ˡճǵžΪɡ
üëһ˵ֻǵ˵ͷ
ߣȥӻǸƨǣʲôƨھӣȫʤһֱн죿ĩˣ馻Ǳﲻסһ䡣
ѩҲǡھЩµģȮ
㰡ǸϺˣú˵
ʱѾճǽ£ԳɳǺĪЦܵλǾȫʤѩλǡճǵһҼԳɳǣճǳĪЦ
ѩζĿԳɳһۣЩɻԳɳֻһ֮ĪЦȴǳйݡڽܵʱȴȽԳɳǣٽĪЦԳɳǵĿҲм𾴣ѲԳɳǵݲֻһ֮ô򵥣
ԳɳҲԣĪ馵ݣ
ԣ馵ʲôˣǿǻ׹ݣ׹ôµطһ֮
ѩ̲סճǳڵľһۣȻֻһСС
ҶĴ׹ҸҲǾ㣡ĪЦغͳѩкǷУĶԳѩ
ڳ͢ӵϣѩȫʤʵȨߣʵȨǰ͢κһ˳˶֪ѩǾĵһʮ겻µľһĽǶգھЩһĽĪΪ䣬Ȩ־ЩȤ淢˻ҪģʹģұҪǴȥΪָԣڹϵĳɼһܼȫʤķҲ˶
̫ʵڼݱǰ͵ġ
ʱĳѩŸոչʮꡣ
ڻôһЩǻĿеĴ档
ھ磬ѩǵĴ档
ڹھ˵̬ʵһǹƨ
ѩʵǣ
Ī¡ĪЦƽش𸴵ûһ㽾԰ڡ
ԭǵʦ´ˣѩ˫һȻ𾴡
ѩӣĪЦʮϲ
ѩȻʵȨ󣬵Ӱǳ󣬶ľսʮǿĪº֮ѡ񣬳ѩĪµĻǶĪЦ˵ĺϢ
ѾȲдŸ׸߳ѩ̬ˡ
ѩϸشĪЦ̾벻ССĵطԭԻ
ǰ馽ӹЩϧ̾ȷԻ˵ţ馳ԳɳȥүӼСһǶʮ겻ѳɾˮ꾳һʮ꣬ȫпܶʮǰɾͻ굤һпܣ
ʮˮ꾳ѩʮָȤ˳馵Ļ˵񾩱ˣһЩӵܵ츳ߣʮɾͻ꾳Ҳ꾳ˮ꾳һʮǻ꾳ʮ껹ǻ꾳ʮͽˮ꾳пܶʮǰɾͻ굤ʮĻ굤ȻʷҲڣȷһһˡĸСһҵҪʶһ¡
ҡҡͷ
Գɳѩ˹֣鰧˵˵ʵճǸվһսѪսǼȻҵʤҼСһȴӰˣʬ
ѩϲɫȴһԳɳ֪ⷬճǵĿˡ馺Գɳǹϵ˺ã϶ԮԳɳǵġ
һүһǵʵ壬ȻһСɱ䣿
ԳɳǹȻ򵥣ѩ˽ۣԳɳǵǲҵ
ԼѰ𣿡ѩʵ
ˣһ񡣡Գɳҡҡͷ̾Ϣһʵճǵ·ϿɼʲôûУ
һƬƽԭһƽһˡ
ԳɳǱһᣬ۽ǣǿ˰ɣʱǲֻˮ꾳ǵĶֶǽ꾳ͻ굤
ѩһҡҡͷ̫˰
˼Ѿˣڰ˳ɡ
ʱԶ˺¡¡ȳѩľӵʱ򣬲֪׳˶ٱ
ѩתңԶھˡ
ߣ馶񣬰ѱóȻˣ
ǣ΢΢ͷһӣʱһټӳ馵ξȻͲĿռ䱦
һƨϣݣŭ
ѩԾվĲϵָ·ֳ·ճǽȴھĵ


200 
ԭҲδ갡ճǶ⣬ļǰŹЦһû¹񣬾ĶҲ⡣
馴𵶵ϣҲûվЦ˵ھǣ֮ս׹ϲϲ
ĳĳѩһۣ΢ЦⶼĹ͡ûЭҲôȡʤ
ѩĵͷʩĶŵ˵ֻǾ΢֮ѡ
һη֣ЦǿȥıƤ񣡳ھȻˣǾССճǾһۡΪǽӷϴ
̧ͷճһۣǰһѹǵճǲκηķءĪүѾˣ
ָۡĵı״ھɲҪ˵˵ţ馾˫֣򱱷Ҿһϵ˵֮Ī֮Ī
ͻȻվ۾ԲɵɵĶģ˵ھ˵治ĻҲǸʮĺӣͲˡԺ˵Ҫע㣬ô˿ţʱ˳ȥ׸ѿ
㣡Ķʱɫ࣬һ仰µ˵
ߵԳɳǺĪЦм䣬ԼճǵһҵļճǵİˡĪǻʵյĳҲճǵİˡ˶ǱѣǱȫöΪǽӷϴھѵʲô𣿡
үӱĸҲߣתĶһơе˶͵Ӫ
ʱһһһߴϵľһףͷֱĵķҲûǰǰ֣
һλӢˬŮ
ھץûУŮҲûиھ˵ǳǿӲ
ѩ߳𱸵˪񣡡
磬񣡡
ûûСæڰ֣ԭȻŵʱЦģԳѩ˵Ƣ
Ҫܣ˪Ƴһۣ㣬ץûУ
ҡҡͷûС
ҲûС˪ʵûʲôɵˣ
ˣһ·Ӱû
ų˪һһϸֳȤЦݡ
벻滹ȻǳѩãǿǿӲѾͷ˰ɣһｵһﰡ
˵ʱ˪һַ彣һֲͦΣʮ㡣
һ̣˵ûץɵˣץĸ
รʵʲôˣ𣿡
Գճǵˡиˣ㳤úأ
ԣ˶ȥ
Գɳǵһ͡
馺ɫҲһЩ仯
˵ĵǺһ˳ĺ񰡡
馲廰ǾͰǴԼĪúϡճˣԼĪٶЩӡ󡣡
˪ɵؿ馣ʵʲôˣ
ѩæ˪λ
˪˫һʱЩȻǳǿӲ¹Ҿѩ˪ݼү
æȥ˪һߴһߵͷ̾ǽüѩǶѣʶǻᣬŻֻмôھȻΪһԱӢˬŮˣ˺գ
лү佱
˪߽һЩ廰ү佱Ķ԰˪ǾһŮ
˪ûģ񣬵үͰ˴
һᣬĸ廨һȺʿЮ±Ƶ馵ǰ
һŮ
Ӷǳᣬһ֮һӢһǷĿ쳣Į
ŮǸᣬͯǰĸޱͦΣӵ¸Ե׳ۣ·ʱ·ӳһǱ˪֧ץסӵܻɫ첻һкҲҪǶԸʵġ
Сݣ

޼ɣ
Ӧ
ĸˣԳɳǺĪЦ˶ʱ
үүҲ
߹Ըɰ
ѩεȴ뵽⼸˾ԳɳǼĺӣͺȵǻŸʲôɰ󣡡
̼䣬˶ɿæԳɳ˹ȥԳɳǽһ
үү
Сݣû¾ͺãû¾ͺð
үүǶճôˣ
ǶܺáԳɳЦ˵ȫӡŻͼĴӣԵԽϵ׳ϲͳͳİ£ЩճǽȷѪĶ˶Ѿˡ
ݵͷ޼һЦԳɳϳɾǰЩжԼͱ˰ճǽȷѪĶˡ
ӦɶЩǼʵӦôˣ
ԳɳǾûлشˣĪЦ˵ӦġӦҺڹؼʱվ˶ӣڶܺá
Ӧɶ˿ĵľȻѾõУ˵ջǳ󣬵Ǽ֣֮ǾӺĽ˵ҲǸ޴Ĵ
ݹӣѶݺ˽ˣ֪ǸֵˡݶԼôģɴ˿ɼԼǸļ塣
οڣ⣬޼ҲõУôԼҾļ̳ˡԼҵʵѱޱȿֲ
Ӧɶ첻ڵӣӦʱĻվ˶ӣѡԼҶŸɣǺ
ͨ㣬Ӧɶ쳯ԳɳȥԼҴӦҸлճǳ鷣񡣡
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Եʮֽţ˵սսڣϴˡ
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ȵɹâ˼䡣Ҷϵĳ¶ûʱѱһЩֲģѱɹɴĺˮֵĿҶ
Ϳһ·򱱣ûǲС
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ǰ񾩣󲿷ʱҲʹ÷лƼֻƼҪһĻͿĻܹƼֱǻ񾩡Ե㣬ҪʱͿͻѡС
һ·ϣΪֺ棬Ϳ˵˺ܶ໰˽⵽һЩԼ۽顣
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һԼʮͷڿϣĿ䣬һ˫۾īī֮У·𿴵һɫ硣һʱ֮ƵĲɣУֻǣ˫۾Уһ磿
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ߡ⼸͸õ˰ɣҪȥ簲͡Ǽ㲻Ҫʾһ𣿾ȥһҰɡǳȥ漸죬պͼ徲Ů˽ţﲻ⡣
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202 ͽ
һĵӣݺͿ񾩳ǡ
һ񾩳ǣݾͱŵˡʮ֪֪һоȻôô֡ɽ˺ﲻ˼ǰǲ̫ܹģˡ
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ԼңճǵżңҲСʮʮӡɹ㲻Ƕٽٳˡ׼ȷ˵Ѿý㣬ΪһȻ޷ýּλ㡣
Աߣһ޷ĻʹңɭϿǽϢ
ݵӸӵ𾪣𾪵棬ջǴӺƽ
Ϊһһءñͷϡ
ҡһΪүǾĹر˼ԼΪ
峿ĹͿһܼңȻȥ︴ˡܴ󣬹ܼҾʮȻһܹܹЩܼңܼͿ֧䣬ͿֱͿڸϵʱ򣬳ͱˣκ˶ҪͿָʾ£ΪͿʹ˼Ϳڣôܹܾū֮Ĺˡ⼸ܹܵǺݺ˼ѣ˲ˮҲ˲š
ǧˣ˵ܹܣһܼҶǷǳȨƵ˵ڹ磬棬һĳ͢ԱҪӡ
ͿݰŵĹܼһͰˣҲȥͿϵܲݷǳ顣
ʱΪԼܼˣȴûټټôҲǼġܼԸͣȻԡ
ܼҰŵԡһ˵ԡСѾͷ쵽ԡ䣬Ȼݵ·ѹ⣬˷ֹЭΪϴ塣
СݻûִܹȻһʼʱϰߣ֪է¶Ҫһ̣ˡСѾͷ·ˣҲ˵һ䡣СѾͷָļҲ˵һ䡣СѾͷϴĳЩԼٽӴĵطҲ˵һ䡭
Ҫ̵óһ㡣
ԡܼԴȥΪõ鷿鷿ܴϰٸƽ涼񣬴нǧƽʱͺϲ飬鷿ǱȽϲǺܼ˵ϼ䣬ܼˣԼ鷿￴顣
תۼ䣬ѵ˰
ɫҰ
ܼٴ鷿ʱָʾ
ټݡ
Ϣݺ鱾ܼ뿪鷿
ټصڿ߽ȥʱ򣬿ֻˡϣͿű
ݽͿ΢΢һЦС
ݶͿͷʾȻ˹ȥشԼĸס
ǰ˲ֻԼĸףǹҵĶڸ׸
еȴͻȻ˵
ֱܼߺȿ˵ݣ
ݵͷ
ʵˣ
ʮˣʮߡ
ܺãǿ͡
ҵ
أ
Ҿòǡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊǲ񡣡
Ϳ˵Һ񡣡
ϸش˵ͷǺ񡣡
ʵֵ𣿡
ƶ˵Ȼֵܣ
ǲ͵ˡңҵĶӡֵܣ㲻ҲҵĶӣ
⵹Ҳǡô㶼ûйܹҺҸ硣
һֱǡ
Ҳš
ڲҵ𣿡
ƿԡͻȻ֣ǰȻһģ˵һѪץص㣬ǳ͢ĵһŴ١
һڲ裬࣬ȤĿݣʵΪʲô
Ϊǲ
ΪʲôҪ
ΪҲܲ
Ҳ
롣
Ϊʲô
ΪҸͲʶ㡣ҵȴҲǵһμ㡣
ȻҪúõġֺһڲ裬ڲҲҪġ
Ҳסݵ
ʵ㲻ʲô
ݵȻǶʧɢôˣ㻹αǡ֪кܶˣҲкܶŮ
Ȼ΢΢һЦѪŨѪ¶Ůٶ࣬Ҳ᲻κһ
Ļ𣿡
Ȼ
𣿡
Ҿš
Ϊʲô
Ϊ㲻ܲš
Ǹ𣿸׶вӵģ
ⲻвǹء
ҡҡͷء
ûС˹Ͳòعءӽ쿪ʼ㻹кܶҪҪʼѧϰҪֵܽü棬ҪȥʹʶһЩ
ңͲѧɺȥ
ЩǶȥҵĹʧôպҶȥʲôʸȥԹ
룿
бҪ˵ٻ𣿡
ûС
ӦѾǹүˣҾͲӦʾ
˼ҶϾͽԼ᲻úܼ٣
һ㶣ɫ΢Ц֪֪ҵкܶࡣ
֪Ҳ롣
Ϊʲôʵ
Ϊ㱾ҵ
ٴһ㶣Ȼվ˹ȥͻȻ֣ݵԴ
ݡݡó
ͦظҾֺܺ
ҡҡͷ㲢ǽ֡
ʵӦýʲô֣
˫ָ˼סҵĶҪԡԣұǰӣڼպа˸ǵ㣬Ӧýҡϰˣý
û˵˵ʧ꣬ĪźҵĹôӴԺͲٽݣҲٽͽɡ
Ĺʵ
šͷ
Ҫҡҡͷ
Ϊʲô
ĹΪʲôҪҵͷϣҪֲҹһ
ҵ˼ʵ
ֱ׳˵ֻʵʵ
ʱһֱδ˵Ϳ廰ү˭Ҳܸıġ׵ȡ֣Ҳ쾭¡
΢ЦҲܹܲı䣬Ҳǲ쾭壬֮Ҿǽݣȡ֣
ͿҡҡͷǺĵѣȻݲܣҲƨɣǲ˵
ǿִңȻ΢Ц˵ҲԸԸ⣬ҲжôǿҵķԵ֣֮Ժ֡㲻Ҳãֻ֡
ݣˣڿʼͽ


203 Ծɡ

һ־ӸĽ
ݴδùԼһֱΪˣΪ޼Ҳһܺ͸ĽޱȵİȴޱȵϤֱڣ˽塣
ʲôĽ
Ǿǵ㹻ʵʱˣ˵Щȫܹ쵽£ǽ
һʱеﶼϡҲԲӥǱӥ߸ϵĴڡΪӥ·ɵٸߣҲ֪ĴڡӥߵĴڣӥֻˡ
ʱ˿̵Ĵڡ
ھճǻķˮκ˵ĽʡӦɶݵһô߲ɼɵʱȴҲݹϵľܾһ·׷ɱʱճǺҾսʱҲвٽǰչʾԼһ棬ݶûʡ
ڣֻ˵һĽĻݾȥ
ס˵ⷬʱ·һεݣһ˫εĴְסݵļ־ᶨЭǾڶʱĲĻ档
ΪĲֻ̫Ҫһ򵥵ѹ̧ͷûС
û뵽ǣȻҧ˵в£ԶԸ£ҴСûеһֱ֪ʲôģһǵӣԸûе
۾ʱгһ졣
Ϳæ߹˵үСĶӣ̫£ǧҪϻ𡣡
ϵŭɫʧЦƢңôᷢأǺ£Ǻ°
Ϳ΢΢㲻˵
ؿһۣͿȥһЩֵܽðɡ
ǣͿȻ


үūҪ㣬ԺҲҪˡȥֵܽõ;УͿȻ˵
ʲô£
ײ¡
Ҳⶥײֻ˵Լ뷨
Ҳ⻹⣬ԺòҪˡΪá
ô£ݺʵʵԼҲ֪Լ仰Ƿϻ£Ϊʲôʼ߽ĴǰСͶס˸ڲϢСմ˵ĶӶֺο
ܺáȻӣҲضꡣū꣬ڶǰЦɽ㽻̸ʱЦΡ
ݲǵΣΪδø׶ԶЦһжôϡ¡
óͿΪá
ͷһνͿ


ĶȻ࣬ڼҵĲûм
ڻؾ·ϡ
躺䶼ڳְ͢ƽʱڼҡ
ԵûȤһ֮·߷壬У
ЩʮŮѳޣǼֻͼʮŮ
ݺЩڼҵֵܽһһ棬һö⣬ĶȽĮԣݷǳҲ⣬ⶼ֮е¡ֵܽü棬Ҳȫָֻʾһ湦ˡ
ǳţ»ټĹҲûжηСΨһеɵģҲֻһˡ
û˵Ǽǳ顣԰ĵĶ飬˽ºúĥԼĻǿԼΪ
дһֺ֣񿴼˴鷿ȻģÿһдֵĻڡ
еţ·һעⱲӸøʲô
˵ճǵʱǺñʵģдȻôадʱ޵ĽսꪵϢǼ⣬дָǳơ·ֻҪһۣһԾȻֽϵĸо
ÿһ˿飬һҲͼԼҲϲ
ƫƫôһЩ˹鷳ǲˡ
԰ͦص߽鷿ǰԺǰ˶ʮӡǴϵʺͰıף֪һȺһԲࡣ
һ£վ鷿ſڴӳſ
˷ĺûϳǰѸϴϴһ顣ΪʲôֻΪ֡
ȻжѾˣ޷ġ
һԾŶֻĻʽĹٷԣݵ磿
ЩʱԼֿԣҲϡ
߳䡣
үʲô𣿡
㻹û𱰴Сýһĸɣ
ôУҵ¡
ߣŬŬ죬һŵСӣΪ͵ľ꾳˲ˣʵ㣬Ҳֻ꣬ҾѾǽ꾳ˣûʲôֵýġ
ҲΪҡҡͷǵͣΪӦòֻǽ꾳
㣡û뵽ǿӲĹ⣬һߴ˳ģûʲô顣Ϊĸ磬ܸΪ㿼ǿǡҵҲ鷨ңԺд֡
д֣ʵд»Ҫ˽𣿡
ЦµĺӣʲôΪд־һ򵥵£ҪдãҪѿ๦ģ
ĵ׵ܵܣһͬĸףǾǱˡΪһŮӶѳŮҲѳˣҽ˹޸˵ʵۣǺ󹬵ĵһ
Ȩ㳯ҰȻǿԼңŮӳҲ൱ɹ۵ġ
˵ھ˵Ĺټţֱ˵ں󹬡
ԺĵԸ࣬ݲ±ˡοݽϢѱĴ鵽СԼҲߣ뾡취Ҫ鷳ܰϳȥǾٺòˡ
Ҹպд˼֣Ǿ͸һ°ɡݲԶ˵תֱȥ
Գһۣǰ棬Ƚݡ
Բǰ˼˻
ԣҡҡͷ̾ϢĹӣ˹ӵǽ̲ˡ
ޱɻæʵΪʲô
ɬһЦΪֱдҪá
ôܣ۾ϴ󣬲ʵ첽ܽݵ鷿
鷿룬һŴӰڷķıׯض
Сܹȥɻ󣬳ϵֽȥ
ֽдʮ֡
գԾɡ
Եʱס
ѧϰ鷨м꣬ݵʦԼҲм湦
ǵʮֺмԸȴֲòðһͷ
֣


204 С
Ծ벻һȻдһֺ֡һһǵʦ硣
ã򵥵ʮ֣͸鷿һҲ˶ˡ
ʵԲרҵרҵĻͻ֣ᷢݵֺ鷿ǷȣӦһ֣Ϊֵķ񲢲ͬϰǰ鶯Ʈݡ
Զͷйû뵽ԼݵĵһƣȻĽ
ֱǰѶȥȣ
Ǿȵӣɫģ˵үڻҪд𣿻˵㻹иõ
ߣصĺһתߡ
͡ҲûʤߵĿ뿪ת鷿ղſ𾢵ĵطòָоˡ
񾩣ȻǼ£ȴûһԱΪǵӻӣĸףôǹСˡ
ǰھԼҵʱݻֻһ˵ĶӣʱҲķȻҲԱܰηҲܺƣ˵ˡ
˶ãͶԱ˿ΪѣͲñ˺ù
ּ
˹û˹˼ɡ
˱ϳٴ
Ҳûʲôպûȥĸžۡ
ǼڹҲѧƣͿǿ̣ΪͼʶĪİ
ֽݶܽܡ


ž
ɫķصĻ֮ȥһӡһСżľмζĻ̡
ԵĿȼŭ鼫Ϊŭ
һ˫ϸ󻬵˫ִԱϸʮָģָԵϡ˫ֺʮָҲָֺ̽ͷԵĶߣģ
Сһ»ҰαһʶŮһŹģһ˫۾ǵġ˵ʱԵĶ䡣ǿȥҪԴ˺üꡣ˼ҵŮˣ²ˣҲкܴܶԼԼԵᡣŮӵʵǱԴʮ궼пܡ
ȻƣŮȴʮֺƣ˵Ϲãǲ֪ţСӷǳɶ񣬶һһӿɶĸ硣ǲúһպڸĵλ𽥹ˣǶֵܶвġ
Ϲá΢ЦҲľ꾳Ը׾٣
üĿأԸǺöԸϾ죬ľͺ䣬δ̫ˡ
Ҳԡ͸ӡϹõʮָԵ·ȥĺԵļһز¶ͨĴϹãϹĵıͬʱԡ磬Ұ㣿
ʵľ꾳Ҳľ꾳аûǲܹϵƷѶִˣҲʲô¡Ͼ⸮˭֪ϹȻҩǱߵˣʵҵŮˡ
Сѵˣᦡ˵ƷҹǱУúһҲǿԵġ
˫۶ʱһ⣡ȷǸ⣡Ǵĸ׸ģ統͸ңָ㣬Ǹˣ
СҺãȻҪΪСѾˣȥϹðֳȥ
һץסϹϸݵ󣬺Ȼ´ãЦ𼱣ٺһЩᦲܷӳ˵СҲһ˯ˡ
ϹõżŰ
תһѽϹסҲżﰡھͰң
˵ţԽϹñȥ
ڽϹϴһ룬һ֣ʱһƽɫâָ˳ȥУһɫɴ
ý㣬ΪϹÿΡʱ򣬶൱ġ
һξˣһ˵ĻΪĹڷɱ


ʱ֡
ҹĻǵ㣬¹ⰵ
ڴϣĿȴû˯
˵ڹӦһʱ䣬ȻᰲŸʦүȻҪ˫ȫġҲ˵ڶ໹ü˵Ҫݵġ
ʱ䣬ȫѧ
ڸϻ˶֪࣬˶ٸ֣ݲøЩ顱ܳһϣȴǱ˯ʵͶӰȥ˸ռ䣬ڿռ
ڵľ꾳ԴӵõкΪ˲ͻƵľ꾳۷ڣ꾳ơ
սꪣ˽Ļ̫١֪սꪾһ򵥵ĻпǱȸҪǿ
пܶΪо޴İ
һܺʱ˵¡
⣬Ϲùݴߣûй⣬־ãŴӿռͳᦡ
ᦣǻһаģȡΪɳϵħֻǻʱгǧûͺڤڶɴһµ治޳Ҳͱᦡ
ڤڶɴ֣ȫûпɱԵġ
ֻгǧڤڶɴȴ֮ġ˵óһ󽫾Ҫνöࡣ
Ϲõǳأ֪ڤڶɴֺñ
ֻ֪ǳǵϣܹǱ˵Уݻ˵ľ˼άߣܵȶ񾭲
ͺͻ񾳵ǿһܹҹǣȥɧű˵ľЩǿܶ˵塣
һֱһЩҹױѹʵ⵽ɧšЩʱܵȣֱɵʵǱǿˡ
ֻ֣˵ľ꾳ǽ꾳Ϲöȥ
ҧָһѪϡһ̣ᦱʺ죬һźڷ˳
ȥɣǱУݻľ°ˣҴȥһʢĴӣԸʹ죡
Ⱥȡ̰ếһȻӴ˽ȥֱݵԺ
ͬʱݴϵĸ΢΢һһưɫâҲԺ
һݵľ磬ľһƬããĺǳ
ţеǳʼ޹ɵתһΣʱԼһҶϡ
ܣããĺɫ
أء
ϹݣǷһһɫںתͬһķ
쫷ɢϳ
ĺɫ۾Ȼһ
ô£ôôԼǱģûд½
ſţͷֲԾˡΪЩǰлƣȻ˵ģ
Ϊųڣÿһл
һ̣һڴԶڶ𣬾ǴӺһֺա
ձƽž㵵ؿվһ
һħ
ͷ­˵ȫɫһԳȶ
ͻȻ䣬Ƕħ˫һѪɫ۾εض
ɲǼ𵴣·𱻶ħһͻɢһ
һ̣ԥģڵء
ħһԶŵħɣ㲻ԶŵħҲڤĹ񣡡
еÿһĿⶼ޲ϻصȻ֮ززϼҲЩĿⶢţȴŲһûС
һڣ涼·֮
СҴҵĵؽ磬
е
ĵħˣ治֪ĵؽ磡ҴˣҹϹ
߲ˣ
Աϣһ֣ʱһֱɺɫɵĺɫֽץס·ֻҪһͻữΪ촷ۡ
飡鰡ħˣӴԺԸΪЧ
㿴һ˶á
еħˣһĹģ˽ǿʢһЩߵǿѾɱڤˣӦŽ
ʵڽѵô
ңǧңͷֻʵʵ˵
ߣֵЩȻ޾ϣ˭ģ
еþȵϣˣæᦵģ档
ᦣ˽ĳѨ
ǣǻȡ͵ɳҾǿ˽档
ҿ㣬Ӧ¡
ħ˷Ը
һҪ֮֮ȥ˵ľ磬ݻľ񣻵ڶɵҪᦡ
ûж룬ҸħˣȻҲµĳѨȻҪ׸ڴݻľ¡ұϾʵ΢лãھǽȥ
ûϵҰ㣡
Աϣ˫Ȼһʱһֱ
һ̣ǵõ˾޴ݵľĳȻ˵ֱӷɽϹõԺ
ϹлδӦ˫һһͣʧķһԶȥ
ᦶߣݵ
ڶ죬һţ˵ϹñĹܵ޴̼˷ӡ
Ųûиٲ죬ùջվϲԼСģʹһʱҲˡ
ѾͿ֬ĨۣԾԾԣȡܳΪĹһӴһɳ졣


205 
ᦵֺݸ˯ˡᦼȻᵽģȻҲȥҪֻǺʲôãʲô
£ȻҲֻϾôãҲмֶΣһСӳ
βͷֻһСӳñҪ⡣ֶɵĳʵ̫ˣҲνǸмĸԸĳûκβá
ʵֵľҲǺܸߣڽ꾳׶Σû굤ļ
СǱҪɾͻ굤һЩϾǰǻ굤ͣ굤ԼĵáЩĵãֻ᲻ԴġСҲܶ
£ݡСֺܱܴ顣һ̸µʱϰ£кȻ׹ӣӰȫҲԵø档
ܱԺĻ԰Ѹռúôһ£Ϊһһ硣Ϊ޽;ΪĵĿռȡ
ܱһ˵ͬڵĸռʵ̫ªЩԺٽ˸ռеҲȱ
СԺһЩɢļ䣬ǰһǳҲһռ̫ǿ󣬲ʵǿҲȡ൱ḻԴڿռｨһȡ
ǼɵĸϿգǸҵľҪݣȻͻ֮֡ˣٲȻΪ˱¾ҪţƵߡ
ռǶĻģϣԼǿҲϣܱ֯øǿ
ǸռĽͬǼһĴڣСֺܱܴĸǵ֮ĴԪϣ
ֻҪһ룬Ǿͼѡ
ܱۣƷǷмʡ
ǡĴԪϡʵֵĻԪҲλáϾСԳԶŵһޣڤĹܴͨᣬһ˲ʬǴѪ
һ뵽ܱԽ˷ܡ
ѳΪ룡
а˴ɴڣܱǵͬʱﰵģδҾͲȡǣ
ڿУɢ΢΢ĺ⡣Щ˷ܵʵ֣㾿ʲô
ָ̧֣ſʱһı
ͷꪱħӺԾ
ͷǰǻ׺һսһ굤٣Ҳʧ٣ͷꪵǸ½ǡҪᦣΪ˼ͷꪡ
СվݼϣͻȻ˵ȷǸð취ᦿȡΪɳϣѾ̺൱ḻǹͷҪġ
ֵûѴ̽ᦵڲеĻҪáбһַӡᦵڲռǳգںϣܱᦱʳһ֣ȴںϳΪ˸ӸӵЩվõںϣջһҹ۲죬γɣѾԶˣ
ҲáǣǶΪʳᦵҲ⵽ᡣ
񡭡ݲ̫ףС߶
С͵굤һŻ񾳵ľ硣񾳷Ϊ񾳺񾳡Ϊܹ޳ҹܹǣ굤Ͱ첻¡ʵ񾳻͵ࡣΨһͬǣ񾳻͵Լ꣬ĵ񣬾һĸ塣κ˿ƣȴӵ񾳵ʵܶһЩˣȡǿǷǳɲĴڡ
ݵ˵ͷˡ
ֽŵڣҪŻδ뵽ͷУùͷꪻָǻ
գ޵ᦾΪ׼ģǻʲô֣ʼɣ
ţֳСȥҪһһ֮
û⡣СӦһʱԾ
һ̣ᦱƣ뵵ͷӿȥ˫־ٹͷ˫֮һž޴ĺɫ͵һɣǺ㽫ͷꪺᦶסһɫâںĵըÿըһ£Ҫҵһ£ͷꪺѸٶںϡ
ڼĹУʩŵĺһڹͷǹˣǵϣİ׹ǴҪζȳȱһɡ
Ҳ֪˶ãڼʱȴֱֱһըͷڿзȦصֵС
ˣְĿѼɹĹͷꪣϲ˵ȻǾƷеĻҪãǰȫʢʱڣͷҲֻƷһεļȻ˾Ʒĸ߶ȣ漣
°ȻͷԶݺһָʱռ䶼΢΢һӿĺɫͷָķûȥ
ĺȻ׹ʱתһƬ͵Ĺâռ𶯲ȶ
ֵĿ˷ܣʧ䡣
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ܴڴչʵô𣿻Ҫʲô
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ԣܴȻ
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ֵ˵ûڵǣѾûӡˡ
ݵûУУ
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ӡ㣬Լɣ
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ͷһɳ죬Ȼɵˣֻǻһ־Ӹµİ
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˫۶ʱһѾͬ֡
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վϺݺһ٣ȵˣӴԺǹꪣأǷΪ飡

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ꪵĵһǿˡ
ܴĽʺޣµֵѣǰѲҵѣ
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һֹЦ
ռգǳ졣
ټĹ֮УݵһС԰
ԽܱͬˡȷڸռнһȣԺﶼԼļ԰


206 ʮӡ
󣬱˻ظ
˻Ѿǵķԡ£ͱԳԼķ
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ݽʱȥǲԸݵţԼȴһΪԵúûӣҲܲ
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ȭͷһâҹʲôֶΣûԶ֣ȻƷ
ʵȻˣΪʲôԶ֣
ԵŽţҾ鷳δ̫һЩǻǵøײõġ
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νǵһһкսйص飬
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ЩصĶڻ֮·ԽԽԶ˵о޴á
СԺսꪵļ䵹ЩɻΪЩǳǳ·ԳյǰսҲһǳصĶ
ԳԶޣյͺʵǳȣս̫ꪲ˽⣬ɼսꪵʷ֮ƾá
ڶϤսһֵĹݳŶַͨŽӴսڲ
ɱս򵽵ĵһƴ֣ĵΪɱӳӡáɱĻʮ׳
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УȻһʵĻ档


գɫ
񾩳Ǽӭһꡣ
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ðɣʲôط¶ҪءصˣҪܽġ
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š磬ҿĸͷӦòְɣ
֡Ǻܹ֡
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Ե㲻ҵĶ֡
ָҡҡһ
̫ŲǺ¡ͺվԽߣˤԽݡ
ݵѵ㲻ãѾվĺܸˣͲˤĸݣ


207 ɱˣ
ֽŵվͺһѸɲֻҪһǾȼԾ仰ﶼƺͼҲͬԣá
ݵ̬ȣԱʾ⡣޻оҲʹˡԽǿӲԽ֡
ѾȲݴſ£ȻӸµĿʧܵıˡ
ᣡᣡᵹڵĵʱ򣬿㻹ôᣡ
ҽ㳤ԣ֪Ǹصĵط
Եڷһʮ죬·ײһһɫâ˳гһˡ
꾳ĸ磬˲𣬶ʮ겻ǽ꾳ˣվһӣϸ۲٣ֱᷢӺͺ񣬵۾ȴһ㶼
ݺӼ棬֪ڸеһүݵ߸
ֻͬ꣬ݴ·ݣ˶СĶӡ
ֱԣϹŵЦݡ
꾳ĻͣǰͬһֻСһ㡣ܱۣҲ˹ꪣԼеԴǸող굤ĻҲδĶ֡ڹЩԴȴһʹõġ
սꪣڤڶɴЩıɲó
浽˷ҪЩʱҲֻʹĪϾȥΪء
һսȫԼĸʵ
Ȼʮ㣬ΪҲ˽꾳ֻǽ꾳ڣͬĶ֣ûһ˿ӡһֱĶһߣ־Խսʤĥģʱ÷ǳá
֮ǰ˵Ķԣ㵽͵ʱ򣬾ҪҸߡǣڲֻľ꾳ھҪѵ㣬ʲô취
û취ҡҡͷֻܿˡ
ߣӲŰЦһȷˣӶŸ첲һֱȭݴȥ
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һԵҲ棺үʮɣʮĽ꾳һص࣬ʮǰɾͻ굤Ⱑ治ǹүĶӣţ
ٺ٣һսеƴˣүȡʤ
ӰƣݿƼ򵥵ĻƣȴϰٵɫӰסԵÿһλ
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һ죬ʧһ̳Եı󣬲ָΪһɫԵı˹ȥ
͵ϮСҲó׳󣡡ƫͷм˵һ䣬ֱԴǵײȥ
ԵԴϣСʯҵʯϣײһº󱻵
Դһģȵǽ꾳ҲֻǸոսĽ꾳ڶѣҿǽ꾳ڣԸȻ׾٣
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һ̣Լʮָ棬˫Ƴȭһת뿪ʼͬǣεתٶȺܿ죬ÿתἤһȦɫɫ֯һγһ޴Ľɫݡ
ÿڵתһȦͻһȭĹӰҹȥ
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ÿһƴлطȥƵƮֻҪԵĻһɹĳӽͻͻȻ˶ͻײһ
Żݵٶȼӿ죬رٷɽҲǿ죬ٴ죬ǳнС
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Կ죬ӵĽͱԸ졣Ժݣӵ͸Ӻء鶯Ʈ죬ӵɾ͸ӹѲ⡣
һֽԾͷ󺹡
û뵽ݾȻѶԸ
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˵ȻСƵĻԿҵݣ
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ݺͻһײͣһ£űƲɵƳУ
ݵǰԵüΪ赲סݵǰĲ
תۼ䣬ݾѷɵݵǰ
Ϊˣݵٶȶʱ
ĻģҲķߡ
׼ſΪҿͷɣ
ү̫ˣ
ͷźһɹɾ޴Ļк·ҪûЩȴûӿȥǷ׷ӿݵơ
Ȼ֮ø׳ˣĽͻȻ֮üΪŨܣ
ɣ
䣡
һ죬ݵǰţս˶ڵס۾Ϊǹâʵ̫ˡ
âǲŸҳݺȥ
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սϣֻʣһˡ
ԾȻˡ
˶һ亹
ԲǱɱ˰ɣ
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ү֮ĶŹҲʲôϡ£ǵ㵽ΪֹԱɱˣǾˣ
ÿڳˣɫǳš
Ծˣ


208 ѡʦ
˼Ժһô
ңңȥһˡƲ̫ÿһʮ֦ţס·һչţһһΡ
ʱ˶ǿôҲͿǸˡ
˭
үүүǣǳǿôָȥһЩ׽æ˹ȥǵ취ԷүҲ񻰡
ʵһͿзִ磬áơԲҲҪˡûʱԣڴɼ졣
է˵ҲͬĸֵܣȻɱġ
ֲ
ܼƽߵúܽ˵˿ӦǾȴûУܵǰֵ˵ϰˣĻҲ̫ţ˰ɣ
鲻װģȻҲ΢ЦҾôһõóֵֶΡ
ǫǫˣɱҲǿһؿ佱ֻǻɣǻǻǲ˼顣
ݵҪӡҲ԰쵽
ɱèʵӳ˶ӡ
Ƶ˵ʮ㡣
סˡ
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ݵǰ
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㵸˵ϰˣˣһǻϼӳʮӡӡ̫ǲǣ
ΪսꪣݻЩӡ̫˲÷䡣˵ӡιսꪵȷݳޡιһҲǼǳֵȥ¡
ݳǿæµĳ濴һۣ΢΢һЦ룬ΪҲսʤҪ֪ҲŽ꾳ڣǽ꾳ˡ
ǳһʱ֮죬˷Ժǰ̣ݺݵһۡ
Щ죬û뵽Ȼ˼˹ϵһ㣬߶Ա˴˶ǲмһˣǾֺɸֵյġͨݺԵν֣ıеĶλ
򵥵һϰˡչֳλ߸ԵܵܵĽ֮ġ
ҲֻӣĸڸҲȨȻݵĹүڼȴҲûʲôӰ
ߵ˵ǻϼӳӡʵ˷ˡ仹ӳʮ㣡һһмʮ㣿Ҳüӳǻ˵ǻǻҲһѡΪˣȻġ㡭ھͰӡþˣԺҪʱֲˡ
̹׵˵ʲôǰ̡ǰҾһºӣҲ֪Լ͹Ϲϵ̯ôһﵱ
߸磬ǲ֪ǰĵطǻǵһĻˡǻǼֱǴ˵ݶĹ۸вȻȻҲͽһ߸纰ȻȻ
˵ǰ㲻Ҫȥˡǹү׶ӣ۽ͼֵ۶ǰı׼ȥ
ݶ΢΢ͷл߸ѡ
ЦЦ˭˵ŰˣֻǶ²˶ѣ˼Ҷͱ˼Ҹ˼ҶãͶ˼Ҹá
㿴Ȼ󣬵ֻͬ꣬Ǵ·ݶѡΪȴҸ߳磡ɿڣһһܹܶأ
ߣԱϰ˻˶ˣ
ݳǿôȥ߸磬ȥɡ
รԣȻɲܰǶԸ˵ҪǱǴ˳ȥָô롣
͵һԴ죬һ̳ǿŴȥ
ݲһЦʵȤ


ݽ꾳Խ꾳ڵΪսʤ꾳ڵԵܿڹˡЩµ˻ʱ˵˳ȥֻ˼Ҿùֳһӡ
ȮӣĶӣȻ򵥡
Ҳ֪ǲµӰ죬ڶͺݼ棬˵Ҫʽʦˡ
ʦһһһǡ
ݵҪ£һʦ
ʦ
ʦݣ֮˵кܺõ츳Һܸͽܡ
ʵ׿û츳Ҳ˵Ĺͽܱһ¡
ʦʦҲţûдֻۡǳһСǾʦڿݵһֺǳȡ
µģʦˡ
͵˵׻ǿʵ˵˭ľߣ˭ĵλҪߣһжǸʦͷǳҪˣȻҲ
רŰ˵һ죬ԼѡʦԼѡ
峿ġ
ǰԺһͩ£վһŮˡ
Ϳվͩ£ͩߣұߡ
˫ָͦΣ˵ȴмΪ
λʦ񾳵ĴʦͨϴﶼǻǰʩչԼֶΣ㿴ˣˣѡ񡣡
ΪݵĸףǻĶǿߣʵӦݵʦ̫࣬Ҳܻ࣬ݣְֵḶ̌ҲܼʱΪݽԸרһʦǷǳбҪġ
ֻڹؼʱ㣬ںʵʱٰѱ촫ȥ
ݵͷǡ
ƵᣬȴǼΪ𺳡
񾳴ʦ񾳻ͣǺεĴڣ
˵ݾû
ڣһ־
һѡѡ˭ˣ˭Լʦ
ƫƫĻ赭д˵ˡ
ԣλ񾳴ʦϹ鼫Ϊ
΢΢ͷ곤ɡ
ǣϡλ˵˵ͷ
ȥʮ꣬һͷȴŻɫͷߣ˵ʱںͿڴеðһƬˮ֮УԵüΪƮ졣
΢΢ͷȥ
ʱЩڿðŨˣɲǼʧ
үԳֹҡ˵
ݵǰѾûӰֻһŨŨʵˮΪѾصʪ
ˡʹĻȥֻ֪ΪչʾֶΣȻҲֻ湦򣬲óֶΡ
ɫȥ˲佫ɢȴûӰ
һ̣·ӿдһݵ߱˰ããһƬΪѾ֡
Ʒʱǰĳȥ˼ʮףȻһƬããġԾﻹǿκζ
ֻһ˲ʱ䣬֪˶ٵط
ȻֻΪ˱֣ҲһֱˮԵ¶˼棬ÿһĶһƬƬˮҲץ
һ̣ͻȻ֮ɢѳݵı˵ү԰ɱܶΣÿһι޷׽ҡ
δֱ֡ͬʱݵ߸λҲһˮ
ү֪𣿡
һ仰Ȼа˸·ÿһж˵
֪ҲûãΪ㹥ģضҵ
ˮͳͳɢ콵ٴΰס
ת˲䣬еٻһţ塣
翣ѱ棬Զڰõ˷ʤҾףҾ񣡡
ү׳ˡ΢΢ͷ
ֻⲻʮӵıݣޱ𾪡


209 Ϊͽ
үҪǾѧϰǶλͲٱˡ
ݾ˷ܵ飬ʮ㡣ĶλʦھϺһȴᡣΪḻǼʶ㣬ΪԼǵĳռơ
˵ֱӣҲûж˵ʲô
ֻǣݵȻһգƵᣬ·ղʲô鶼ûзһ˵λʦֶΣҶʶʶ
ֻ㬵ȥȻЩãȻʮ㡣
ʵ棬֪жͽܡһоĺͽܣȴû˵һ¡ⱾһôƵ£ƫƫá
񾳵ȷѾ˲ˣǰƺ㲻һ¡
ߵȥɡ
λΪһİɫӣ϶һɫ԰׵ԵúܰȴҲԵúΣգĿ·һѰޱȵĽ˭˭ͻܵһɹɴʹ
ݵģɱ˵ġ
˵ֱĻҲûת̧ͷǿͩ
꣡
ͩϵ֦ͻȻ۶ϣҶһƬƬҶƮĹУ·һۿĵдмնУҶʱһΪ
ע⵽Ȼûȴڱ仯ƬҶӣƬҶӾͱжϡ
תȥ
ĿһӴݶʱһ·һֲ۾סһ
ݵƿĽ¡
ŸоһЩ
һ̣ݽµʼҳһǸԽԽԽԽ˳
ͻȻ˼ڸһֱ㣬ͻһҵһ
ݶʱе
ɱˣɱˣ
ҪκʽҪκλڣֱһ񣬾ȥڤ磬ǺεȵĿֲ
鲻ģɫҲô԰ףϲޱ˵ͫǻһ֣ͫҲֺܶ֡ҵͫרɱ˵ͫҪ˭һͱѧ𣿡
һڿˮ΢΢ͷҰһλʦֶο
ԣ˵˺վһ𣬸ʣµŮʦڳռ䡣
ߡһЦȻǳȥġ
ʲôɱ˵ͫôûֱѡ㣡˼ĺӲûô
ʣµĴʦҲΨһŮˣڻͽһǳĳƺţΪսŮ񡱣ƺŻԼԼȡģ˽гġ
սŮһȥʮʮŮˡʵͺͿȥϵĻôеšʮ겻񾳻ͣǿ൱ټġ
һģ¶Ըжеļ⣬ƤȻеڣѵȴҲԵĵ׺
˵Ҳʮ㣬Ըʮ㡣
ϣͿүҾ׳ˡ
սŮƷԾһշ弱壬Ծһ㶨ڿСչ˫ۣ˫һУϵʯӺ֮ǰжϵҶ׷׷ͬһȺΧ赸
ͩΧСʱҲսŮĽڶ֦ҶԺûз磬ȴͬΰЩһɣʯӺҶϳһĻ档
ϵģȻֹʯӺҶսŮͰͻȻһ䣬Ŀ
˫һУʱ˫âѻεСڰУԭתѻε˦˳ȥǻεΧת裬һΪΪģķΪˡתۼǷĻε
ÿһѻε˱
ѻεڿз裬䣬εҲ䡣һ̣ЩεȻݷȥ
үҪţҲҪ
սŮ˵һ䣬ȻͿЩεΪģΧٵķ裬ȥݵĴǳΣգȴûһѵ˺
Ѿ֪սŮþЩε
һþ˶໷εжôǿ󣡣
룺Ůʺʦ
츳ǿľ
ҾһĻͣû˭ܱսϷӳáôΪʲôΪ˽ҵɱķ𣿰үǸϵĶӣԺؽܵ͢ҪսҪľֱ£
Աϣա
սŮ΢ͷһɺѷɫͷų
ָоɱ¾
һսնǧˡ
˫ָ˹Ϳ󣬺粽롣
λʦѾչֳԵֶˡȻֻǼ򵥵ʾˣֻǸ㣬ǻĻ翣ҰͫհԵҲѷķءսŮǿ뻯Ҫ˭ʦÿԼȤҲΪһʱ޷ѡҿԸʱ䣬ٸҴ𸴡
ݸûж룬ƽ˵ãھͿԸ𸴡
ԣλʦ˷ܡʼϲޱеĿ⿴ݡ
ʵڳĶѡ
Ȼ
ãȭͷǹ˵ѡͿʦ
˻һ˶һ
λʦͿȥǶЩΣգͿȴ˾η
־ηҲֻʱôһ㡣
ûκαԹ
ҲǶӣԸƾ޹ʵˣλʦ΢΢Ϲº͵˵λʦǶǷǳĻͣǵֶҲȷҾȡǣѾˣҪͿҵʦ
âƫͷͿȥ΢΢һЦͿ⺢ӵθڲСȻˡ
Ϳ΢΢ūεºܡ
ƺͻȻúã˵ҪͿʦҲԡǣͿҶֵ꣬ͬһ㣬ôһֱûչͽܣҲǿѡûãؼÿղ㡣Ҳ㣬ĺҲ󣬵ͿܾˡͿͽ̵ܺܿģǲⱲӲҪͽˡ
ֵܡ֣ͿǺܸжæٴζ
ͬʱλʦͿĿҲøӾηˡ
ھηУĽ
ǵĽǼеġ䣬֪жΪĸ˵ֵˡ
֣ʹǿȨ͵λ
һ仰񾳻ʹһԼĶѡʦѾ˵⡣
ԣͿԥع£Ͽҵ˵ͿΪͽ
ڻʵۺ̫ǰ¹ԼĶҲǱ˶¹򡣿ɴʱͿǰ£ȴûһ˿ãЩ궯˷ܡ
΢΢̣ƺʮݵľ
Ϳһ㣬ؾ仰ɣ


210 ҽ
ͩ£ͿһϮ£üĿŹԼǰݡż΢紵Ϳĳݵ½ǣһʦ龰мʫ⡣
Ϳû˵ȴҲûǰȥֻǹūͣǵү¹ġ
ȴţƺİá
һĻٴθֳһĨЦ⡣
Ϳû뵽Ȼ
үʴӱĵش棬һ˼ڻϵˡˣҲеʦ
ϥ޶Ůһֱûͽڵһͽܣϲ£ֵء
ݴؿͿԻһʱ֮Դ񱻶סһκġ
˵ͿǴӦˣ
Ϳʲôʱ˵Ӧˣ
ƺϵɻݼʦ
ȻûŪף˵ˣͿͷʦ
ʦ
Ϳ΢΢һЦͷɣү
ݻվϸֳ˷ܵЦݡ
޳תۼΪĸףͿתۼ侹ʦ
Ȼ͵һͿ£ȻؼǵͿǿֲʵճǣŲ÷³Ǻεȵĸ֣֮԰ճǸƽģʹֶΣ˲Ϳֺ˵˵Ϳ壬½Ƕ޷ͿֻһУֻԶĵһУŲ˻Ϊ촷ۡ
ºݵõУͿԼٴһΣͿȻûг֣ȴݸΪ𾪡Ϊһ죬Ī񣬻ǾеĴѩԼķˮĹھģͿʱΪη
ڳѩĺǰŲ÷Ӻͳ³Ӿͬһ㣬Ϳ˲ɱŲ˲ʲôȴóѩ˸еηǾͷǳˡȻȻ֪Ϳʵ磬ֱΪѡλ񾳵ʦԺͿһΡ
ȻѡȻҪѡǿԼʦ
ͿĿݣԼһº͵˵үūΪʦūѧϰʲô
ȻѾΪݵʦͿȻر֣ΪүԳū
ҲûȥıͿЩƺ֪Щ»˵ġ
ʦѧѹ
ѹȥ򵥣ʵܸӣѧ޷һλȻѧūͽ㡣ȴСѹѧ𡣡
ɻʵСѹ
ͿСѹǻȴеǻҪκεǻСѹѹ¶ᱻѹɻҡ
ãҾȴСѹʼѧ𡣶лʦ˷ܵ˵Ϊֹûһǻأ


ɶ̫ɶˣҸҶҪͿΪʦͿܾڣͿȻֱ̫ɶˣ
ϣݴˣֽŶЩ㡣Ϣվ
˾ԱߣɫҲЩԣҪ侲һЩ
侲ô侲ԵͺȵͿҲͰˣɵҸҲûաҸҳҲˡͿȴմ磬ǲͱҪˣ
˵ɫԽˣͿµȷǷˡ
ž
Ϻݺһģȵˣ
˰οӣҲ᲻ܵġ㱻ʵһֻع
۾һϲϳ
ҵ׶ӣֲڣ׶ӱˣҿ϶Ϊͷ
ߣڣݵôҰ
ͷİɣҲѾˡ
һϲˣ
˵ͷ񾩳档дӲ٣͵Ҳл굤Ѿ˵ˣҰ¡
²Ҳи𣿡
ԣ²Ҫçײ¶ýԡ˶ԸүǲеġñҵˣǾָܷˡ
ԶʱϲԭҰˣ
ǵȻﲻĶӵģ
ˣϹõľɳҵ³Ҫͳͳһ
ȱż⼸컹֡㸸׹Ҫһˣһϡʱ䣬˵㣬ʱٺҰˣ
ãӢһж֮Уǹһˣ
ƨͺúˣ˼ˡ
ǡ


ݶԻͿ⡣Ϳٿ̣ȴҲ޷ʲôë
Сѹܿˡ
ͿԲֹѹôһϵĻݲûļͿѧĻԣѧϰĻȻҪÿѧһҲҪһʱ䡣ķʽǲϵʹãоӵʵս͸ˡ
ϧǾԼңк͵ʵսĻᡣҪʵսֻҹȥڤڶɴЩʵ飬ֻܱͨٻһЩռֻ֣Ѻݵľ̫ԶСѹԸǣܾɱţ
ĹУûټͿѧϰһЩΪѧϰͬҪ⡣
ϣһרõʣš
ͿʦȻˡ󡱵Ρ
ʦͽ漰ܹ㡣ǣо緽֪ʶлɽ˽ڤȵͻйص顣
ͿȻǸռЩǧϹļʶȴҲǳ㡣ֻҪʵĶܽ
ͿʦݾúֵȻǳ
ÿҹսꪹͨûаսꪵһսꪣǰһѪÿҹھ˵źӦ
ݵľٶļЧġӡιԭսƺݹͨʱĴݸһЩϢ
ЩϢǹսꪵԼ֮Ĺ¡
˽һºսꪸεݸоսꪵĹͨͱøˡ
һҹսݵľﻯݵľͶӰڸռﰿ衣ΧŸ̷ɣЩȻ׹ⲻֹΪĹââ·ҹĻµǹ⣬Ϊ
ݺˣţȻıһɽâݵ壬ڻﵴȵ󣬸ռָƽݲȻ֣ԼľȻˡ
ӽ꾳꾳ڣ
굤ֽһ
ϲޱȣԼƶûսΪĴйȻصܹԼΪ
ϲ쳣ǣԼҪѧһ͵ӡȥιιһΣĺôȻǳԵġȻ֪Ժսڻָʱ᲻ҪõӡѾܿˡҪԲսġ
ӡǣʲô
һҹݿĵ˯ˣȻΧ衣


ͳ꣬
Ϊʲû¾Ǵӳ͢սԱ뾸ͼӴֻʷ֮С
ˣԹھӡ
Թ񣬲ͬ˳һ;ƵĴ˼̡ȻСģսȴ
ԣԹȴԣϵǼΪȤ
һ𷵾ΪľǸԹȥ塣
ֻ֪һٶ׳˵ȴ֪ͬһٶڼҲĳЩ׳˵
ߵĵڶ죬˾ҵݡ
Ǳ˵һκݼ档
һ˵Ŀͱ÷ǳ䡣
ΪֱǸŮ˳̫ˣ־ǿ񣬶һģһġ
ñοǣݳһҲ
Ұ֡
ݵǰȻֱӡùһˣݵġΪȻдķؽ
˵ˣŮŮʮÿжԼĻȵģжˮ̵ģ̧εġΨнڱŮˣпһͦأԵúЩǸ롣
ݶԱ̸κ𾴣Ϊֱ˿ܲѺãΪ֪˾Ե
ֻǺԵĻһ˺á
ֻǱ˲ãҺܲá
ֵܣֵֵ֮ìǺ飬ֺ޷ִ磬ԴˣЩҪڻڴô˵
޻˵̹Ȼ˵
Цһʵϴˣ
ˣ޻˵ΪϴΪ֪Ҳҽģҽصġ
ݼ˭öֵ˼
أַ룬鷳ַ룬Ǳ
ЦƺԺƽȻԵˣҲԲģ˵£Ĵ
ݱִݵ飬΢Цôʵʱڳǣǵ˭˭鷳Ȼ֪û壬ЩҲ˵ࡣ˵޻˵
ʵ£Ľ
ݵ㲻ֱ˵ҪҸĽ
ݺԼԵӣһͻȻͺȵ£ܷȸҹ£
۾תȥ
ʲô
ֲҸҪ㣬ë
仰ݱŲȥ
ûԴӼ޸ڹû˭˵ݣȻ˵ë
ë
ûиë
ҽãСһĿ𳤣
ǣ
ڱŮӦһʱݳ˹ȥ
ŮʮҵͣĶǾѣǰӿˮ߰ŤһԺɳ𣬷·ɳΪǵĶһ
ǱСӣлƣýл¡
һ֣ݱ֪ǵľԼҪߣǻ굤ͣ
ЩգЩ˷ܡھճǵʱ򣬻굤ǼΪټģ紫˵һľ꾳꾳Ļͣǲһ֡ˮ꾳ҲһƵϰ
ֻ񾩳ǣֵĻͶǻ굤񾳣оĻƺûĺӣ׳š
˵գҲս
֪˲׷Źת뿪֮ʱӦе׼
ǻҽһ
ݾתӡΧᡣ
һֱǻơ
ǽ꾳ܹͷųӡǳɾ˻굤ӡͻΪһ壬ơǻ
ȻڻֻǻܹͷųӡǻеĶˡ
ӡײѹģҽô˹ȥ
սһӳֹӡӡ߸գط·һʱ֮䶼
Ʒ
ԾУ˫һʱӱϮ쫷磬ͬХ㳯ǰûȥ紵κﶼŤΨԼȻڷУ
ԭȥĻڿĴ»Ϩ𣬻ΪޡˮҲڻ֮󱻿紵ɢҲûãͱ飬ΪһſСʯӺȥ
ɳ
ڻ·˫־죬ðŹ⣬һѶʵɳָк˲佫û
ƺľƻĻ¶ʱһɳɵɳܡ
飡飡
ӡɳϣ̼仯ΪĩɳȴȻϵɳ֡
ݵƣҽ׾ٵƽ⡣
һ̣δͣɳδֹҽùϵݳ
ƣ
ɳʯ
һ֣ǻ
һ㣬ſɳɽ֮ԼϮ
⻹һΣһ굤ͣ


211 ݺݴ
ҽõǻһʹһҪСǳĳ嶯һֱҲսʽڹ֪СǵĴڡͿС֣֪ݵ£Ϳû˵ƣݻ֪Ϳʵ뷨Ȼ֪͵üҴŲš
ڶԸҽþͺ֮ǰԸһֻܿԼ˵ʮ㣬һսϾͿͽܡͿ񾩳Ƕһơ
Сѹ
ûж룬һΰСѹʵս
СѹһɺХֻǷΧԽԽСֱѹһС쫷ţȻ·𳹵״ʧɳʯԭ漫죬ҲѸٵıһţΪɳʯɵɳʯţΪĩ
ǻûǰ㻯Ϊޡ
ҽɫ΢΢һߣСȻǼѹ
µἷѹֻͿѵͿѼѹڸˣ
һ־ͻǻᵽ˼ѹͦˬʵ˵ûͿͽܡ
ԣҽõɫٴһ䡣
ͷȥ
üͷ˭ͽܣֻԼ£ƺʱ򽻸ң
ҽöһۣ΢΢ͷ
ȥǶͿҲܾηǱϾǱҵˣ˲ǵˡĶӶҴ򣬸οͿͽܣȨһʱ˾
Ĺùãڱǰúñ֣Լ䣬õĺôԶ׼ġͨһ㣬Ҳ£ݹȥ
ѷ籩
־ɳʯ
һ̣ҽþȻͬʱʹǻ
ǾܹŮ񣬻֮رɫɳʯ졣Զıæ˵չºԶԶؿսϵ龰¶ɫ
ڸϣұ˾ǹ죡˵СҰ֣ˣҲÿ
ڿ˵СѹϾ粻Сѹͬʱƽǻȴ޷ͬʱƽǻһΣҿʲôֵֶ
һЦѵ׼ҵСѹƽǵǻô
˵ͬʱʶӡ˳СѹĻȥ˲䣬Сѹѱӡӳ֣׳ࡣ
ԿɳʯһʹСѹ
ͣɳֹ
ҽõǻֱƽ⡣
ҽסˡ
˫۵Ŵ˫ۣôܣŽ꾳Сѹôô
Ƴ˼һᣬãսΪСѹӳˡ
սмӳӡǹ¾̾
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Ҳֻʣʱʹսʽ
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ͺǰΪӳһݵʱʵԣΪӳʮӡǼޡټӳ֣ľ粻޷ͷųǼҲǰ׼ӣûˡ
СѹǻǶǻֱݼӳӡһӾ㡣ҽ֪ݲͬһĽ꾳ͣʱ߾衣֣ص˵ãˣʰ
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ݣѵû취ˣ
˲ţŻܻġ
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212 ϵͳĸ߶ģʽ
ͿͦݵһݰͿΪʦĺôԶ׼ˡͿ϶Ա˹ҲֻǡѣκƩη壬Ʃ𾴡
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үղūǲ־ܣͿǰ棬ڸϵĻ԰й䡣ɫĺΧŻ裬Ѿ߾˵ֵûݺͿϵЦʱнվԭأѹúܵ͡
ʵǿ̫ࡣСѹˡһŨ˲ڻĻ㣬ԶѾ˵ǼǵģǾǹߡ
ѾǾнĵͷȴûж
ݺЦһö˶˵˵վܣɢĻȤ
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Ҫ֪ĵƲֻЩ飬Щ
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Ϳһ븡ռ䣬о궯СܱվֺܴףͿʾǿҵľ衣
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ʵϵͳ߶ģʽʲô˼
ԶžŴ󣬶˸ԵҲνСǵĸ壬ҲижĸϵͳõеˣбøǿøǿḶ́Ĺ̡еָˣܸ
͵кַܶͬбǿҲкַܶôϵͳкܶģʽģʽȴΪ߶˵ģʽĸҲĹлøͺôͬҲǾ޴ġ
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־ϲȵսԭһܣͿΪָԽԼһʱ׽͸ϲͿȻ֪ܶܣһ֪ܲ
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Ϳ΢ͷ˼˵ҲԡȻѡ߶˵ĸģʽܴĺôҲģҲǿģһصΪˡⶼɹˣҲ̫ˡνеʧɡүҲûġ˵Զˣ˵ģʽɵڶ׶Σ㶼ҪͬǿϰٱˣҲӦ֪ˡ
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˵ǰĲŶʮΪ񾩳竵ʱ򣬵Ϸ΢ĹǰѹúõصϷһǣɶûС
ҹӣǾ񾩳Ȧĺˮޡ
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굤Ȼ󣬵ȷʵǸֻȻоͲΪ˻굤Լɻ굤ͣȴԴӻ굤в͸򣬶Լɾͻ굤кܴİһ굤ҲԵһԵĻʹáҪ֪굤ԱǷǳġ
ں͹սʱѾ̹ˡ
ϰˣеĻܴ󡣽ûУ㻹û񾩳ǹɣߣҴúùȥΪû򵽻굤ᣬæ
Ҳáݵͷ
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ݳʹ˸ɫʾСһЩ
Ȼ񾩳ǽŮɴͬʱһŮӴ˳
ǻҽã


213 һ
ƭѵҪԼĻ굤
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¼֣ҲԾڰкͻǣ֣ڿת
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ڹ֮ǰлáСѹƽ⡣ʹѷ籩ݱ޲ߣͿݱذɡ
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ԽԽԭתһȦͻȻϬĹ⡣
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ȻͿûϳȴһֱΪҲǸǳıδؾͱͰڶɴˣбҲһֻʱ֪ܰˡ
ʮһʮĽʱȥʱݿʼ轣Եü·ˡΪʮ˿ѷֳʮһ飬ÿֱһɳݴȥ
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ǿôܣǱ˰ɣ˵ôٵңһڶһߴվ¥޷Ʈ̧֣ʱдֺ·ֻ
٣С椣й뱻ˣֵͣԼѡ񡣡
ҽɫʱ䣬ܵһһľţ˫ȷվûˡ
ʱǲʶԼǳ׵ʧˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ǻܺڣ˶ǵĳŵǸŵȻˣջԼʲô
žһʬϱQСϣС񷤾һΣЩѻҽø˦ȥ
굤Ͳڽµĸо񫰡˵ţܴڵĿڻµظϣž⣬С椾ɱ̫ϧ˰ɣһ桭
ҽüʹȥȻݴܶ࣬ҲǶʮĹֳ绨պɾɾǰҲǳ˵СŮӡڿܴǸߴõƤԼѾ͵ĸ·ܵľֻ֮ǰֻС


214 һ׶ĺô
ڣëַˣǲԳĸо
ɫСϣ˫ָ̧ͷһʬܴȥָߵ͵ӦʹܴڻþӸµĿУƫƫݵĿⷴ˾η·ڸ߸ϵĿ
棬ݾһʮꡣΪ˹үҲһӡһ˸ռ䣬ͻ᲻ԾذԼλλϡأҲʡ
ֶݸ׳Ƴó˵ܴˡܴȻµĴԪ֮һȴԪݹϵǳġ
ܴί˵ԺҪѸռ佨һµĹ𣿼ȻǹȣܵȢӰɣ
ܴںԼҲֵú˵ȢӵȻԡʲôаŮһճǵΪʲôˣҲǳĴħͷˣ
ԱϣֺܱȥҲҪŻˡ
ǣֺܱ׷׵ͷһ̣˺ֵĽкҲʧˡ
ҽõɫԺһЩ
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Сڴ˿˿ðȻҲ˽꾳ٶֱ׷ݡ
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ѶȡСüСݸ磬˵е˾ǻţѵ㻹ǣ
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ǱֺãȹȽˣǾǵһ񡣹Ƚɺ󣬾ԽԽġŵʱµĹȻһ޻ӵĹȣڲҲ˵𣿼ȻǹȣҪȢӡǶŮˣп¹ȵĵһĸס
ԣСŵͷ
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˵ʮڸռÿһ𣬿ռĳһըһȻ죬ɲǼ죬ڤڶɴЩɵĻε棬Ƿ¶־顣
Сվڸˣ˫ľȻ˵
ͨϢݣҲ֪
Ǽ̡ɱ֮дĵڶ
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ֻһʱ£Ժкܶռ䣬ѧˣȴҪһӵġݲ֪ӡιսǶôֵã
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Ȼ¶첲ϵļ⣬Ц߸ɲǷϰˣҾʹ񾩳߱飬ʶʶ
߸磬롣
ߣ


215 ǿɱ
񾩳ΪǧŶǧ¹ʮΪȻ׳硣еĽڷºѧ۸׿ĳɾͣҲչ˾޴Ŀռ䡣ɵݺύ棬зָһƬƬСɽк԰֣ȻԪضǳ
ԶԶճСпԱġǲű͢ھµҲ񾩳ǲ֪˶ٱ
ͨ˵ĽǶ˵񾩵˷ǳʢӽŻʼ֮ӻ͵ĽǶ˵񾩳бһ츣ءܺĶ츣رҪôһЩûĸ츣ر񾩳ǻҪˡ
񾩳ڵ֮ǳŨоĻͷǳ٣УҲֻһ̫Ĺ̡񾩳ǵĻͣһ㶼ܳɾͻ굤Ƕ츣صĺôһЩĴɣŻõôͰˡ
ͬ񾩳ǹһ죬ֻ˺Сһ֡ݱϾֻһʮδ̫꣬ණܹȤˡ
ֵһ⼫õľƹһ٣С˼
ӴԽ࣬ݾԽֵýľȻߣΪĶ츳δҲԵ̫ЩΪϣܷθڡݽѵּȫԣݺ;硣οͬĸֵܡ
ҹȥУ㲻ٺҹΣǳһͬȥû߳ƹݾͱһȺ˸סΪ˷ܣʱǴһƬǰȥһͬơ
֪Щ˺ϵãһ»ȸڵأԼ£ǣԻؼҡ
ԸֱˬܾԼҲ⣬ֵһ˻ؼСЩ
ڽֵϣƻĽܣҲԵ徲һζ
ֻǻû߳Զ߱㴫һ
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ݼǰȥһ̽
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յģһһС׳ӺһƯŮӡ
һĹӸ磬ʮȫװӣģŰ衣
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ӾĳһۣͷС˵ʲôԭ򣬻ܹӿǸյСѾͷ鷳£
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СֵܣҲǴİɣܹӶʶܹӰ񾩳һڣǵ͢պյλȨأ檳Ⱥƫƫֻôһӡǰٰ谮ǻһ񾩳ǵȦܹǺӵ
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ǻñȰȻǹүܹôףô˲ãڹүǰ˳ĸʲôƵģЩҵĹӸ綼ôУӲ
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ǡھȷ˲𡣡ӵͷڻ˵ʵҸ㣬ǹھʱ񾩳Ҳǳڡ·ǳԵ˼ҵϡôһҲǽ̶зھˡ
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216 񾩳ǣλ˸硣
±ݵɱɲѪʱܹԵİԺֻһ뷨ǰ꾿ǲ׾˻ɱʲô֮
׾ܡ
оʱ꾳Ϳð꾳ͣˮľֻס䱩¶ǻ굤ˣֻҪֲ̫ôһֶ־ͻõ굤ϢԻ굤Ͳðо͡
ݱǽ꾳ое߾ˣôȫûбҪ׾
ôֻһֽͣɱ̫
ϸղָоôиоһ־֮УĪλĸ֮ͽ
ҲӦáȻǲĸ֮ͽɽǰʦض룬Ļܹ컯֮µϷҸŮ֮¡
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ΪصĸӶˣùӱһ꾳۸ԺҲҪٻˡгһܱʣǱϳȥԺ˭Լ
񾩳ǵЩУԼǸܵķˡ
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ǰֱȺǿ̫࣬ҷǳԼ㶯ԴҲδĶ֡
仹ǽ꾳Եһ굤ؿڳ񡣵ȴ֪֪֮С굤ʹ굤ܴԴ굤ĻͣȴûжաϾ͵ǷǳҪġ
ˣһ굤Ļ͡
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׼ɫһ䣬Ƕ߸磬Ҷˣ㻹Цҡ
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ݲõ˵һȤҪ㡣ȻһôһССҪ󶼲ң
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217 Ķ
һյķڣûκװҾߡǽǷӵķģЩķ΢ĹâϳɸպܹȡЩķ·˯һԿǽףͷ·ԶҲһ
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ԭͿںͨһжԻֻĻɹâɵ֣ͿԺϢ
ĻȻʾ֪ʵѾӦǾڷǰ档
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Ϸܶ࣬һῼȥ졣ʱԴô
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Ī˺Ĳ㣿ڵľƲȣǷµǰͷ
еʵѾձҲ޿̡͢һս⡣ȡģǵȷҪЩȡ
ʵۺ񣬺ͺܶɶеϵ̶꣬ʵɲ⣬֮ϡӹүʱȴҷҲʵүʵڲˡ˵үȹүǿȴǲͬүţһ뿪ҰﱣȴͲҪңԼ굤ǺǣСһֶηǳࡣ
รý꾳굤ǵǲȫͼܰ쵽ġ˵ЩҲˣӲȫʢʱڵǼҲûһɾͻ굤ġڻй˵츳Ǹʵսš
ţͿͷҸҿ϶үɳΪܹ;үȼٽӻүоүүүԱ󽫣ʵͻͽҲˡ
̸۹ܳãǺƽ¡ֵǣ˭û̸۵ھϣ·ľͲһ㡣
ǰ˶֪صĲǵճģǸ޵Ĺھǵ
һڻ͵硣ֻҪڻ͵ɾˣǲĳɾ͡үүʲôģ³ˡڻ͵Щڻ͵ﲻֵǮҲϲ̨档
ͿϢ𣿡ͻȻʵ
һǰϢү˴Į
Ǳ߳ãżһ֣Įħ֮أȥػΣպĥ
ҪȥԮ𣿡
áҪҲֻеһ̣ܼǱܡ·ԼѡġҪΪһǿĻͣǾɵ𡣡
ү뿪ǰ˵һλʱǴҵʱǾ
ѡ
Ҳ
Ϊʲô
ΪǹĶӡҿܻɫһ



С䡣
һСķڷƣ̴ˣСˡϣ˸һ
Ȼ٣⣬ϯȴԵüΪн
̸ݵ֪곤пŮ죬һ˵һֱ˵ͳԣҲû˵֣Ҳûݽܡ
˵ǳˬһθݾƣȻǸл֮ǰ֮顣
˵˵ݸղǲ֣ͻ뻵֣֮ȵȡ
ȴֻ΢ЦҲ˵ʲô
첻Щ֡ȻݺǶӦ̸û£Ǻͬһį֮࣬Ҳ˵ɣ
ɾһֱǿ˵һֱ΢ЦǾƱٱС
ӣСŮپһЩ˲Ǹ߹ԹʵҲǳҲûгĻˡ£СŮûֻСŮӵλ빫̫󣬽ûʲôܰϹӵĵطݶֻмǵٱˡ
˵ţ־Ʊݾȥ
ݶƱ΢ЦӵĶ顣۽ҪǲԸ⣬ƾ׼Ǽ쵰ѵƷ㣿
΢΢һЦ漴ɫһ䡣
ɫҲ
Ц⻰ʲô˼
ݵ۽㣬ǰ˵ٻùǣȴҡ
Ĳס
Ҿף
ͻȻ䣬ݳָ֣ΪԼľ볯ͷųָ
һæһġ
ž
һȵĻӣϽָɢľƵȴûܵ˿𻵡
ݽ¾Ʊ΢Цſſ
üͷһ壬ղżھˣ¶ڡ
ݵ˵λٶǻ굤ͣȴΪʵʹ̰ʲôݣģ
࣬˵Ҳ֣أӣǸֱĺˣҸл㣬Ҳ㡣Щ飬ǲҪ֪ĺáǹĹӣ񾩳Ҳʲô㶼ܹܵŵġ
ðɣ㲻˵˵ͻȻվǣʵǺʲôϵ
ʱվ𣬾ؿݡ·ʲôͻݴ֡
ʾ첻ҪСʵӣô֪ǻйϵ
ת˵ʼ򶷵ʱҴ۽¶￴ơ
ʵᣬֳ񾩳ǣȻʶƣ
ҵȻʶָϵĸһʱһƳСڿǰ˻ӣЦΪҲһ顣
þȵĿ⿴ݣôƣ
үҵġ赭д˵ǲ񾩳ǵġǰһֱճǣʱʶүûֺЩĻڿѾˡšҸھ
ʲô֣

ʱ
ӣѵǰݣʵ
ԣҲ֪ңѵʶҸ磿
һĴȣˬЦ̫ˣǺΣǹϵҪʶġߵĺˣ޼ɣҲǸɫ
Ƕ𣿡
ãүõˡү³ɺһǰ;
廰үϯϻ˵ΨһźûнȻֵܾžˡ
ǰ̾һֱǣҲǹү
һۡ˼ѵľɫ˵ӣˡֱԡڹү
Ȼүֶ֪֮λٰչˣҵĹˣҲҵĶˡ
֪һֱͣ
Ҳ֪㲻ǳ¡
š˼һᣬСʵ񾩣ү᲻æ
ݹϵ˵ֻҪүҪҸ𡣡
̫ˣĴȣܵõӵİ񾩵Ĺͻ˳ˣ
ʵǾʲô
ǡոͷԱһֱû˳һۡ


218 
Ҳע⵽˵Ŀ⣬ųȥӡ
ͷҲӡΪү۹⡣
ӱͷ˵
΢Цܹ֮Ĳޡʵ̫ˡ
ȻڹӣܻԹ໥ġӶ̹ϣС
Ϊƣʵ񾩳ĸˡ
ʵʲô
ʵֻڽϵĳƺƺڰţ渵£̫浱ʱָļ̳ˡֻһֱھӣԳ͢ȱƿȣʵ۸ݺ˻λҲûе¡ǻʵСӲ˵飬ΪĻǶĻλвȻƵϧλҾ
ʵ۾һֱû֡ԸĵˡүҲ׼ϣܴ߳ʵ۵ƿءȻǳ͢үҲһǳĻͣڻɵ˽ﲢүģһЩʿԷġƲȣ͢ʱпսļһ֣ǣ˺ܶˡ͢ʿʿˣɻͣЩĸˣﳶ˹ϵӣҸ˵Ŀս͢δ֣
ЩĻ΢΢Щȣʵ˵Ҫ췴
ɫ˵Ҫ췴鷢չɽܵĵزͲòΪһˣΪϣϵˣΪ´ƣȥµ˵ᱻʵۺ̮͡ģ
ʵ˵µ˵ᱻʵۺģһԼǰľĶӣǾͰȥ
ݵЩסǿ߲ǶеΪʲôⳡȨᣬЩĸ˶Ȥ
΢Цӣĸǻһĸ֣ͬʱҲǳ͢ڸ׸𣿡
һ£ֵ֮ϣȴҲڻ֮С߽ܻͨ档ͱ˵ҵˣúܶ棬ҲͶҪͶ͢ԭ򡣡
ˡǳ˼ݵĻ԰ѳ͢һ츣ءΪ죬ĳɹ࣬ȻԸȥЩ츣ء
ʵҪôǣ
ṩϢСܼ£ṩһЩȻǻүݹǲ˽̡
һᣬڲΥԭǰ£ҿԸүṩκΰ
˵ĺˡǸүṩǡ˽ݣݲһ
ǰҲڲΥԭǰ¡
Ͼڹͦ͢ģݲְѹ鱨͸¡
ܿҪӦݱϾĶӣ֪¼֮ݹͨϵˣ˵Ǹ޴ĺϢŰϢүүҲǳĵġ
ݾƣӣǾ˵ˡӴԺҲһԱˣ
ݽһ
ԭ׵£ֻԼøǿΪϵĻ͡ȴһҵ֪ԼѲˡ˵֮ϣȴҲڻ֮У߽ͨ󣬲Żõ档
ô¾İɣ̧ͷȥһԲ֦ͷϡ
Խ˼ĸˡ


Ϸ

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һ۸ڰϡ޷磬ǲȴƣڶڰ˵ĶǰüĴ˽ȥ
˵屾ɢŽɫ⣬ʱȫȻһǳɫ˴Ľɫ
۾ţԵĺȥϴֱ죬ѽ꾳ˡ
޼ҲɢŽɫâǺ֮ǰһǳɫġ
϶ҼʱٶȱӮˣҸͲмҪȣǾʹһ
ٺ٣ЦҲŲԴõ˽УǰҲûôɵ
޼һ˵㾳ôʲôãһҶ֣
˵޼ɰ㲻Ҫҽ氡Ҫδؾܳͷ
ԣ
ƫͷȥԻǲҪˡıأɱˡ
ߣ޼һ
ԴӼǸпǧǰֻ֪кǳ͢ү졣ͥǲŷ֣ԭڻҲǷͬСɵġ
ʵеҪ⣬Ǵǰû뵽ķͶ츣ءУүڻʵһС츣ء
ɽ޼ɾ֪ˣɲС츣أһ츣أ
ܲĵصװص׾̺ԪطḻĵطȻлԪŨȼߵĻأˮԪŨȸߵˮ̶ľԪŨȼߵĵ֣֮ԪŨȼߵĽ𹬡
ʱֻ޼ڽ𹬵һֹ롣˵ڲиǻ񾳵ĻҲٶȡ
ֶ츣صĹģѾһɵı׼ˡ
ͬȦӵ˿õĽǲһġ֮˿ͻͿĸȫһ
Ҳѡ·ˡĶ츣أĴУǵٶȶࡣڹٶȵĻͣȻҲô͵꾳ˣүˡ
޼ĳͻȻ뵽һˣ֪Сôˡ
˵Ķкܶ࣬СݸողŽ룬ӦõòԴٶһֱͦ죬һοҪϲˡ
޼ֻ̾ϣҪûźá
Ҳ̾ǰܸоʲôϣܿЩžۡ
̸˶ԡ
ʱ˽𹬣޼һϢ
޼ɾǴϲ
Ϊ˵˾ȻϵˡݻʾԼԸΪЧ
˵ԺֵȻûһ𣬵ȴͬһӪˡ
ڹûʲô޼ȴǺ볯͢սԶˣ
Զɣһ䣺˭Сݽӵͷȷûϴˣ
ǿϢΪס޼ɵģѿ˵һ顣ô·ƽô˿ݣڹҲ˵һ¡
Цķǳʹ죬ûһСˣС£Сݵкǿǿ˵ģǸʲôԣǻùǰСԼҵʱ򣬾Ͳη޼ЩӸ
޼ɲ廰Щ¾Ͳˡ
ҡҡȣúĿ⿴ʵ꾳ˣ
ͷղŽġ
޵ȻŰ
˳ƺѾϰˣȻѾľʵˣ֪Сڵľ˵ûС
˵ˡ֪Ȼ΢΢һЦЦЩ죬·ǲͲ˵һ
Ȼ뿪ǵʱľ꾳ٶȣӦý꾳°ɣ
޼ɵͷҲӦý꾳ˡ
ˡ
һ£͵һգǽ꾳۷ڡ
޷磬޼ɵͷƮ
˶Ŵ͡


219 ү
ʱĵţһµĹݵӺƽ
һû鷳Ҳûרҵʦ̵ÿܹɡȻȻܴ󣬵ĻỹеģԵݺͱԼײˣҲ𾴵ĳƺһ˺ãүã֮Ļ˺ҲüΪˬĿ⿴һ鲻õʱҲӱߡһ
ǱģѧϰǱҪģҲǲܶģݽͨݶѡ棬һʼҪ飬Ҫȥ֣ɽ㡣ϤһЩطˣҲûôˡϾİþֻǺһȾƶѡûʲôȾƵľۻͨûвμӡ
һҲͺȥξơһǰ˼Σʵʢȴһ׼ŰݷãӣҲʵڲô
ڼݺͿӴ˼ΣȻǡҪ
ڹλãѾˡϰ˵ͷҲ񾩳ǴƯ
һǰѾ˽꾳۷ڡһǳеĽ׶Σÿһ׶εĻͶʱʱ̴̿һ˷ܵ״̬Ϊ˭Ҳ֪᲻һ굤ڵͣǽ˽꾳۷ڣǱضܹɾͻ굤ʲô鶼пܷҲôһЩһڽ꾳۷ڵĻ͡Ǹŵˣǻ᲻ʱЩɹӡ
һʲôɻϾͻȥѰͿͿɾͻ굤һ׵£徳оҪѵöࡣ
ɾоζųΪһĻ͡ɾ˻굤͵ǻ֮·ϵĵңֻгɾͻ굤ˣпڽΪһ֡һֱоڻԶֻСɫ
Ϳ˵Ҫɾͻ굤ΪˣҪԻ굤⡣Ϊ棬һǶԻ굤˽⣬ǻ굤ҪľݸоԼΪѾ굤ܽˣͿ˵㣬һʱûס
һֱ롣
ʱ룬дʱ룬ʱ룬·ʱ룬˯ʱҲ룡ûһ룡
ܳɾͻ굤
ⲻݸѧǣʱԼԺϢ˫ֳϥ°롣
ү𣿡һʮ˳ǰţ߲ͣһҪȴֺ´ŵӡһװ磬ǹˡ
ȫûбš
ԺȴӦЩð΢һ
үү
ղĳˣæվΪ˿ţ΢ЦϺΣʲô£
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ʵүү˭
үǸүǶү
มǶүôүʵ۾һգһգ¶顣
Ϻһʱ治ýܲ͡˵ǶүȻҪİɣοҪҲ֪ġûзԣ˵Ȼʲô塣
һ˵үǸүүǵһԶү
Ϻ˵Ҳʵү躵ȷүǵһүǶˣԼΪġ
֪ʲô𣿡
ҾͲ֪ˡүү鿴ȥ̫á
ͻȻԼû硱ҪԼžһװɡ
ʵݻ̫ˡ֪Щǲûкֵ׵ĸأǺ޲ԼûֵܣҾֻһжźáҵĺԺʵӵĺ𲻴ٱһġϾǸλãʵһ֮֮ϡ˭Ϊӡ˵ѾȷĵӵλˣǻֻҪһ죬ǾͶлᡣ
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ӣɶ⣿£
ʲôӣʲôڸ׸ԶԶûл굤Ҫ
ȴǲ֪ǳΪڸ׸֪жٻ굤Ϊǲ
ν쳾ͻͨ
ðɣھȥ·ʮͣʾ⡣
Щүźˡֻһ˵С£˳ҲϺθеǳģæ˷ܵǰ·
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躺һڳְֹ͢͢Ҳ񾩰˸ۡƽʱȻס棬ҲҪеطסģܲʱšСۡҲһֱš
ϺεĴ£һ߽躵ĸۡһɱׯϵĸоӸۡŵʹ̶̰׵·̣ȴվʮʿÿʿףǹĿࡣ
ݼǵõһμʱҲһɱׯϵĸоһ˴ġڣմо
·ѾϺ˽⵽ڳְ͢λ⣬ȻǾˣͬսĹҪǼҵȻɽͽͬսɱ˲࣬ڼĥȴ١Ǻ͢һЩȨƵҲ
ΪƢܲáһף˭
˵ھĿҲǿͿģǰڴӡ
ǸôˣĶǵȷ汾µġ
үүˡϺ˵һ䣬΢΢ϹȻȥ
ݳǰȥֻվڴУֻǱġ⿴ӰһĴ󺺡ȻڼҲǼв
⣬ҲûˡıʿȻ࣬ȴһʿûСҲһͦϲʹ˵
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ţǸӰһصʵĿǡ
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˿Ҳη壬´˵ʵҸսʱ򣬳ֿĺ͸λ棬ƺǶûܵܡȻˣֺαȡ衣ܵܣȻẰһ硣ǲϣǾͰˡںܶ˵һ˵ĵطʵϲҪġ
Ȼ񣡡躵ͺһתһ˫ͭ۾ݡ
òݵﻹһ
ݴϺ֪ҲŶʮ߰ͣҪСꡣʱһŴƤڣӣһԴ۾üëһۿȥ˵ʮҲΪ
Ժֳۡôȥ躼ֱ̫ˡ
ֲùҪү˵үǡ
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˵ľǴʵһһʵҪ˵
˵
ҲһˣҲˣ


220 ʻ굤
躵Ȼһ˫ͭ۾ɵøˡ
Сۡɱ֮ΪŨˡ
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ʱҲֻˡҲǶʦǿô°ɣǵÿЩҵɾͻ굤ķ
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ΪѡļʦûͿǿѡʦȻҪѡǿġ
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磬Ҳ񡣶ǶԴЩҲˣҪıǸ˵Ķԣ㷴룬ȥ͸״˶ڸϵʱûάصʱһӹ
ô˵ǲܴ
ܣΪ㲻ķ
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ķ
ãͻȻ͵վȵҾͰĹ¡ЩڼúõĶ㣬ǿٷץס֤ݣҾĹһ㣡Ǹʱҿ
ǻڶҵʱ򣬰Ҳˡ
˵ӣǸϲµСûˣҲģ
ԱϣͻȻһź
ͻȻ䣬ֻоһɽѹϮ
͵ѹֵ
˲䣬ĻͱѹûȻоؿǱһشһ˳ȥԵԺ
ȿȣȣסؿڡ
躴Ӵ߳ϣ˵˴˴ҵԺ߳ȥأҪһܷġֻһССĽѵ֪Ҳ˵˵ѣƷ
ݻҲû躿һۣƫ˹֣תȥ
Ĭķŭ


񾩳ǽСӱߡ
ʵѾȥСӱߴӳˮ̲ݴ䣬·֦дµ㡣̫֮ǰһⰻȻķ羰
ճУһֱСӱߴ
ʮ죬ݵ˼άһֱھɾͻ굤¸붼ȥ롣ɾ죬ܵ裬ȴκԼʵ޷࿹⡣й躸Ͳһףֱ˵ĸһһ취ûС
һ˿ᣬСӱߵ㡣
ǵ㣬еĵ㡣ʲô룬˼άڷɣԴſգúõķһ졣
ҲǵԼ˶㡣ûȥҲ޷ȥΪûһͷһΪֹһ㶼ûС
Ϊǲְˡ
ҹڸռáΪ뵽Ϳ˵ĻҪɾͻ굤Ϊ㹻ҪԻ굤⡣Ϊ棬һǶԻ굤˽⣬ǻ굤Ҫľ
ڶݻûףǾʹӵһ֡
һС𾪵ľٶ
ȻðŻ굤ԱΣգѻµǿŻ굤ʿ
ʻ굤
Ҳ˵ʻ굤Σճ̶ȣֱҲ𾪡
ͨ£ԣĻ굤ֻܻ굤Ϣڻ굤ооȻһԵĻʹáڰﱬըˣֻǹؼʱ̳űը֮Ҫúõһ¡
ݵãȻˡ
Ҫ֪굤ˣǾ֮ˡ
һ굤ҪγɣҪѶĹ򣡣
ƫƫˡ
ڻǵһзˡӴȦǵһзˡ
ҪôҪôƷ˶ûζ
ݳζ
ǳ
ʻ굤˾޴ĺôĲ˽⵽˻굤Ĺ졣
ڻµĻ굤Ļ֪ԭͽ굤ˣͲǲʶ翣ʵʵڵ̺˻굤棬Ϊ岻ɷָһ֡ͷܵػʧˣѧĻҲǡ
һף֮ľС굤˴굤ܹĻԽ࣬굤̺ĻͻҲԽǿǳɾ˱굤ǻ굤ĻԽ࣬굤ͽԽ
֪ʶǰ˴ڣҲ⡣ȫԼȻû굤ָǿľ磬ݾᵽ־ĺô
ʱףΪʲôսŮЩ񾳻޵ĻһϵΪڽɱ굤ʱѺͻ굤ϳһ壬굤ԣ˶صı굤ѧĻ£ûһΣûһϵǽı굤ǸĲ
򷨹һһҪΪǿߣȾҪԼı굤굤ǿպܲ޵Ǳܣȫɱ굤ǰ׼
֪㣬ݵʱһ亹ڵľͣԭڻ֮·ϣԼߵÿһԼδ޴Ӱ졣
ʻ굤Ĺ̺˳ҲܺãݶԻ굤Ĺʶ
һǴﵽˡ
ڶ㣬ɾͻ굤Ҫľȴû˿о

Ҫľ
ҪԼ򣬻ҪϬһͨżȻ
֪ģ뵽ˡ
ϼһ΢
ʱһҧˡ


221 ʣ굤ɣô
ݾع۲ҧ㣬Ҳ̧ͣ·һᡣ
ⶾӱߵĴɢȵ¶ȡһˮ£ݸоȣһȻԵõ̬
ݴ㽫ϰϷʱͻȻ㹳ͨһˮ
ⶼܵˣɻ
ݲûɻãΪϴס
ӵײ֪ʲôǰĺϳһСˮٶȺܼеӰҲһŨܵĺ̴ð̼ж˺ɫɢںȾһɫ
һݵ廹ĴԾɫ޷ȫԾݲžȵķ֣廹Ĵ㲢һĴ㣬Ȼֻһͷͷ·һͬϺӣźļ׺;βΨһͬǣжʮֻ֣
㣬֣һ֣
ʲôݾǹٶʵ̫ˣԾкͣȥһڽ̽˶
ֻܻоԼһͽȥˡ
ͷϺ֣ϱ˵ݾû˵
û˺ҧݣݡ˳ĽĶӡ
ͮͮģΧճĤϳһ͹򣬲ûȥвʡ⵹ݵƽЩ
⾿ʲôھʵ
ܱ𣺡ֹ֪Ǻ
ʵʲô֣
ܱ͵Ǻ־ͽкַǳϡ٣ʵǳǿСֺںġ
ܱԺҪģܸܲ㶨
ܣ
ս
ǣ
һ̣ܱߴԱߣ˫ֳźճĤŭȵ󵨺֪ʲôͷôҶһӣͻгɰǧֳĶƤǲǳȥܵģ
һּΪصϣܹԡ
ʲôõԪڱĺﵷң񷴿ˣ
ܱþݽû˵ɣЩЩռΪǺʲôԪ񡣡
ݺ͡Ԫ񡱽ð֮¡ҽﴹ죬ȴûһǸˡ
ǱѱϹ͸óΪ֮ֻءȻֽǷ˻ȥֱŪǣŪĹŪ񣡡
񷢳Ƶź
û뵽ԼŴˣЩε˵ûôذɣ
һ鷲ˣ֪ƻԣ챾Ҫ㳤ԣ
ܱϻˣɵȻ޷ܺ߼ȻܲˣǾֱ˵Ŀսˡ
СѾܶûɱˣɱһкηҵĺҲϣܳΪϵġ
ܱײ˫ȭһľ˫ȭݵ˵ҿδٺǰװģˣ

񱬺һճĤϵЩСʼ΢΢ܱǸճĤ룬һѪˡˣģܱȻһģһ
ΪԼҲܱһ
ܱʹȫҲ޷սʤǸƷٻһռ֣취ƺĶƤɺĶԳɿռ䣬ж٣Ŀռ֮١
ս֡СܴڶӦսˡ״ܱһճĤϵСֱ֡СܴڵӣҾͻһ
ôǿѵǺ񣿡ܱˡ
û˻شҲǱֳĬ
սڼ䣬һֱԹۣһǵĺĸƻٴһǾ͸öԸˡҪ侲˼ʲô취սʤ
Ϊĺɻ
ԼҲǵһˣǰǷƽ˾ôˣ񾩳ǽ񾩳ǵһ壬ʹĵطȻ˲Ѻãô񾩳ǵĸǾȻ
̫ƣûмڳ֡
ȻĿǰսʤ˺񣬵Ҳû취
ʱճĤǿȥ޺Сٴη˱仯
еС򶼿ʼٵĲѣҽĺɫѪˮѪˮѸЩܱٻֻҪŵױѪˮûͻ˲仯Ϊҽ
⾪㤵һĻڲٳĬ캰
޾

ճ͡ɱһѪˮȻ䶨ԭأޱȣ·ڿһɾ޴Ҫǰɡջ޷ֵַ·εѪˮΪС
ݼʮ䡱ֱӺһ㣬ĶƤп
һԾ˿ڴ˳ȥ
ԵĶһǳɣˮһ㣬ݹ澭ܵļƻ
һ뿪˺ĶӣȴûˮҲûڰϴȻںӰϵ㡣
һѾϹģ·֮ǰϹ㡣
΢浴һз·ûз
ʱСݵľ𣺡Сݸ磬ˣ
ܱǺĻõĪĺô
ֵ㡣Сʣôܳɾͻ굤ˣ
ܴڵܳɾͻ굤ǻʲô
ըһףһɫһȻܳɾͻ굤ͻи򣡿
ݻر۾
ú΢΢һ䣬͵һϹѹߣ˦˦βͣĴһˮڼЦһ
ݾȻˡ
ʲôСʣô굤ֻһֻϵһǳһܴﵽģҵѾϵҪİǾɾͻ굤кǰ;
ҪҲգ
͵վͻȻеͷĿѣһͷԵȥ
Ƿ˾޴ı仯죬һ˽һ˵ڼ
ӿή㣬ѩ괺ٷ֦һžӨ͸ĵ衣ֻΪһ壬ɫʰ쵣ڵơ
˿˿ƵĻ࣬˿˿Ļӵð
ܶʼ
ÿһĻѪܺ;ȫ
˿˿ů⣬޾˷ܣ޵š
ÿһ
ڽ˹ʵԭĹΪͻӴΪ顣
ʣɱô
굤ɡ


222 굤ĵһս
һܻ굤̺ǿԼ͵İݱ֪ԼȷѾɾͻ굤ˡ
Լ˯ڰߣͰԣ㹳ˮû˶
ϹֱһУϿһΣǾĻþ
֮ǰЩξǻþԼ˻굤ĪҲξǻþ
ЩǣԼõʧȥ
ǽȴûеõʹࡣ
СղʲôʲôԼ˼ʱϰԵѯС
ʲôûзֻҸоõľҡ
֪СǾƭġô˵֮ǰСǾ䡰ҲǼ
ѵСѾɾͻ굤ˣ
СЦѾ֪ˡϲˣСݸ硣ˣ
굤ɾͻ굤ǻĵˣ
ֻгΪһֵĿܡ
һ˻굤ЩоĻ;ͬһˡľ꾳ǽ꾳־һЦЦ
Ȼֳоͳ⡣
˷ܣݻɻ󣺡ô£ôɾͻ굤ˣ
Сݸ磬㱾굤ֻһˡһǾϵһκηκضﲻ㣬ֻܿԼ֮ǰңӦþǵ굤ٽһץס񾳽Ѿ˻굤ĸ߶ȣͳˡ
һ£Сֵ㲻Ҫκθɾͻ굤Լ
ݵͷз˷ܵĹ⡣
ڳɾͻ굤ˣ
ϲռﴫһƬףܱܴ֮֡⣬лƻ½õף
С˵Сݸ磬ڿһԻ굤ˡ굤ӦҲи򣬿ȴɣ
ţԣ˷ܵصͷ
ʱһӰԶ۶
۾ǵӰǵӰƽݲž㣡
ԭӣŵ϶ʱ¶ϲɫҴҵ˵ӣҪɱңң
֪ǻ굤ͣȴ˱ƳǱӣ׷ɱ˸кεȾΪ
һתãҰ㡣
һ̣¶㵵Ŀ⣬ȻһͷԵݵǰ󣬳ܱߴӰͻڰеľ޴ȭͷ
ռ䣬ס
ǣ
ؽкҲųȴԻ굤ˣɢڰߣӸʹ
־ɢģ·بһֱǿ¡
ȻȻоһ˿
ĹһӰ˰ߡ
ǵӰܸߴ󣬸һֳȺصĸоҫ£ϵǳ
ڰѲһС˼ȥ
һֱ㣿ʵ
һֱڡԭǲˣ˵ܵĻشһ䣬Ȼƫͷ˵硣
˵üͷһԭϰˡ
˳Żʵ磬ʲô
񾩳зһҵͷӡѱҴˣղһֱ׷ոڵģͻȻʧˣϢûˡ
Ȼڳְ͢񲻾Ǽҵνڳ͢ǡҵ
̸ʱһֱݣʱɫصļãôһ躲躳˵ѵﷸԼ˵ѵĵ¹ߴ򽻵ԲԹɫ֮ǳСôһɫɡ
ףʵϰˣղʲôûУûˮ
ݹ˼״ӦûСһֱڵ㣬Ǹˮҿ϶ܹоġ
Ǿˣܵġ
Ҿ治֪ˡ磬أ
躲õĿݣһ˵˲С굤ѣһ
СжϹ躵ľ磬֪Ǵ굤굤С굤ֻһС磬ʵ̫̫󡣻굤еС磬ÿһ޴С굤ֻͨĻ굤굤ǳĻ굤굤ǾǳΪֵı־ȻҲֻǴ굤ȴ˵С굤ѵĻˡ
굤굤Գƻһžչ˵ÿһű굤гΪǱʡɾͻ񾳣ֻҪɾ˱굤ڻͿԳΪһˡȻһǳƲϵģϾ滹л񾳣滹иصľ硣
гɾͻ굤ĻͣȶԳɾͱ굤ΪĿġ
ݲΪ躵ıɫݣ΢Ц׷ɱĿҵͷӣ
躴ӱ߳һǡ
ǾͶˡȻҵͷӣǿ϶кܶԲֶΡҲϡ
ϰұ죡ôױŪôâȵڵǻҡҵܵģͻȻʧˣǲˣ
תӣ躣Ȼ˵磬⻰ɲ˵ҶǹˣҪ׷ɱҵôס
躼Լ뷨˵ŶãôЩһֱ棬˭֪Щҵûʲôϵκֵûɵĵطɵ㣡
סЦݣ磬֪鷳֮λ޴ǣδ̫ˡ
ոڣëСȻǰʴʣүֱ޳ܵСˣһ㣬Ϊܿɣ
Ц͵վҲȵ׷ɱĿһˡôһˣܰصȥ
ѵûпռôһҧ
һĲúŪȻѾˣ;Բܷ磬̫
ٺ˵ϻѿռóҼһ¡û⣬Ȼٷ㣬ɵ㡣
ҡҡͷҰ첻
躵ˣ
ݵ壬Ҳⷬ衣
һ˫۾ضݣǿʶ
Ҳεض躵۾Э
㲻ЭҾʹЭ֮һҪĿռ
²ȥҵȥ׷ȴ˶˷ʱ䣬װ׸ҵܵĻᣡ
㲻üҡҵڲûߣ
磬Ȼڤ粻飬Ҳûʲô˵ˡ
ʲô˼
㲻ҪЭͶְɡ
ʵ˼ǵҪҴһ
ƽ˵Ȼ綼ҪģǾûʲôӱܵˡ
ƾ꾳

Ҵ򣡡
躵ͺһ͵һһƳɨȥХƷ罫á͡죬ƶʱһͷɵͻ˺ҧȥ
ݸоһɵͿǻĻûмӳʮӡΪƷ¾ǲһ
ݲûиܵһв̧ҽţڵϺݺһ̤ʱһ˫˳ǰһƣʱͷͻԾ֮䣬˺ҧķ顣
üëһš굤ˣ


223 ޷ֵ
Ӱ
ݵӰںӱߣϵӳӰӣĬţֳĬش躵ʡ
ϴμʱŽ꾳һת۾Ȼͻ굤ˡʲôʱ£üͷʵ
΢Ц͸ղŵ¡
۾ٶҲ̫ˡǰ֪һľ꾳ĵܵܽھȻ˴󾳣굤ˡٶȣˡ
ûеġ塱棬ȴͿ˵ж߻츳šͱСܶ࣬ΪȴĻҪߡ
ֵǶǺ𾴵ġ躶ݵѿڶۣѾ൱ߵˡ
ݵǻҪô
ЦԭˡԭΪ˻굤ŸҺҽа塣֪֪˻굤ҲֻС굤ѡĻ̫ԶˣҵĶ֡
΢ͷҺ򣬲Ϊ˴Ӯ㣬ǺԼϡ
ԣ΢΢һ㶣ݵĻﴥҡ
ϵģٴγ֡
а׹һһѿӿռﱻС
һѼ˫躵Ѿߴˣֱסѽʱͷȴֻѽм䡣ǰѽƽţǺһĸ߶ȡΪŵǣѽܿڵס
ݴʱ֪ѽİıҲܵսѡ
ǻһ֣Ի¡
֪ݽ굤躱ó£ɼ躶Դս̬ȷǳûΪݱ;Ӷ֣óԼʵͶһս
ǰʤǿȶΪԷС˿û⵹ȡʤѶȡ
һͷųĻ˽壬ɽдʱΧĿжһɱζ
ˮϺQɱ£Ϊ¡
Ѷæʹǻơ
ӡųһУ躻ȥͬʱҲѾִûѡκαܹӡĽݾӲͷƤӡײȥ
˿ɵ
˫ִʹϵÿһȥһֵضɽҡ֮ơ
о躵ĽǳԵ·˫ֽеĲһѽһ޴սÿһȥҪһ
躵Ľ޼ɵĽľ޴
躵Ľ˻ζ޼ɵĽֻһݡɱ
Ϊ޼ɵĽŸһѽ
飡飡飡飡
ݵҲǼӳֹӡģ躵ǰȴͬһ㣬ǰѾ޴һһи롣
飡
ٵһӡҲи֮ʱݺȻһٴͷųơ
һΣӡûڰгξͻһţջһӡ
Գɳ˵Ȼǻһķչռ䡣ǵ߳ɾͻ굤ˣ֮һӡһƵǼҲ֮һΡ
ٴͷųƣǻ
ϣ
ѾٴϣһȴûϽӡии漤һ⣬ųɫĹâ
⡢Ҵܣݺ躵۾Ҳ˺棬ء
ȫųһӿһɴ͵Ĺȥ
¶ʱͣƿ񱩲ѵܡ
һ
ըһ躾ٴγƿȥ
飡
һΣٴαչǰ͸ӡݵĶͷǰݵնȥ
һ̣ݵǷǳΣΪû֣ͣ֡ͣͣ֡ʱ֣Լܵķɣܵˡ
ۼϾҪնݵϣ
û굤壬ոճ͵ĴС굤Ҳᱻһն飬οݶԻ굤û
ɾʱǰĿȴŤݺݵϼѹ·ǰѼס
ѽһ磡
СѹĿ¶⣬ѹͿΪͽԻԹȻǷȻôͽСѹõ˾ˣ
ǧһ֮ʱݾȻСѹֵס躵Ľơ
ž
躼һסÿžžֱ죬أڼϡ˵һֻغϵĽǽݲûгԿ
ԶԶݣ֣ص˵Ǹ˲šǿˡϰˣٸᣬĿռҼ顣
΢Ц˵ЦôûǰҾ˵ˣҲЭġѾˣҾ͸Эˡ
躵ǳ࣬ĪΪղʹЩֶΣҾͲҺȥˣ
˵˼ֻǾٴȥܾˣû˼
ͻȻЦֻûκЦݣЦҲʮֽӲ
ϰˣɾͻ굤ȷǻ͵ĵң굤Ż֪жôСҾʶһ´굤޷ֵġ
Ȼ㲻ҪǾݹֶˣ
˫һǰѿڼϿƳصȻݺݵȥ
֮⣡
˫ڽһˣƺȻ⣬һ²ؼһԹսˡѸĽеġʵģЩ
һ̣ڿУ˺ѹıΣݵƤھҵĲΪη£ЩֱӵӰ졣·пĽƣеìͷָ
һּõĸо·Ѿһ硣
ʵʵˡΪѾ׿սȨӪ˽һеķΧ
ΪģԽԽŨγʵʵ躵ǰۡ׳γһѾ޴״;һģһҪȾ´ʮֹ
ɽγɵͣתţÿһתͻͷų޾Ľ⡣ʱսκﶼܶԶ֮ӵף죬Щĵùֱӱǣһûǡ
ݵǱһѽ˽ȥơʹࡢܣĸԺ
ݷȥ
ٶȲ죬ÿǰôһ㣬ǰѽͷ·ȥһ㡣ÿȥôһ㣬ݾԽܡǵݵʱݵĻǿ϶Ҳᱻ
һɲǼԼô޴ѹʧȥκһ㷴ʶôļѡ
˵ĹȻû굤޷ֵģ


224 Э
ݺΡ
ܷ񷴿һ£һ㷴ʶ޷ɼֽǶôİԵǿ
Դ̤ϻ֮·֣⻹ǵһжִָо
ȻվԽߣշҲԽࡣ
ߴʤ
ɽγɵѾƽǰѽҲԽԽݸоԼѾܷˡǿʶ֧ţݼǿѾܵڽˡ
ؼʱ̣ƿԼķ򿪸ռĴţȻռ֮С
Сµֻ취ˣøռҷֵһЩ
Сݵ˼æ븡ĺλãܱһ߶ЩͻȻӿ븡ռĽ⡣
վڤڶɴϣһ˽һ˵ˮϮռʱǰָȥʱˮ纣ХѹȥˮеʿĺЩǿĽԿ
ֻƺ͹˽ɱųȥһһĵ£ΪϵĻᶼûУֱӱն촷ּۡƲڤڶɴʻںһ𣬴߶źͽ࿹⡣
ܴ֮󣬻סҽõӣЩ¿ڻ֮УڻҽõܴҲǸȥ
ռڵͻȻ֮伫ΪϾ⻹ݵõ֮ʷĵһΡ
ҽĻˣǴĽ⡣
ռתֱ£ݵȴ˺ܶ࣬˼άѾȻʣʶȻڶԺﲻͣת
жϣ躵ġ֮⡱ٶǺ͡СѹƽƷǻôЩϲ̨档ʱٶ룬ʹСѹ
СѹһеĽٶһЩɽγɵǰٶҲЩٻˡ
Ҳֻǳٻûֹͣ
ÿǰһ֣ȻҪһ֡
Խܣս½Խ
躵͸ֱӽݵĶ䣺ϰˣھܲ˰ɣʵ㣬ڽ⻹ûȫͷţЭһ֡ȫͷˣնˡʱСѹûõģѧѹС֮֮Ȼ֮ͽ׵ĻֻǼ𡣵֮ȴǻ޷ֵģ
֮ǰôȣݶûгʱͷǺ¡һκë£ϡ΢΢һ䣬ü˵Э
ִӲ³֣ȻⶸȻȫСѹٳݷȥ
ɲǼ䣬ȫǱĽһԭء
Сݸ磬жеķ䣡
СҪʲô
Сݸ磬ǶԵġԸһ˵Ľ⣬κλ޷ֵֻкеĻۼһ𣬴Ӹռͷųȥϣֵס
ĩˣСһ䣬ң
һҧʱжзռĴű¶Լǰ㡣ȻԼȰѽ븡ռģСӧܲС
һ̣ռϾԭЩ븡ռĽѱʱһиĽӿ˽Сսʱ˷ͽƴס
Ľʵ̫ŨҡռſͨøռΪ˵ǰĶƣнĥ
ڸռͽɱΪҵһ̣ռͻȻ
ڰеսȻһ
һֱĽսꪱһţȻһעͬˮĽâռըȥʱɢ˿ռڵн⡣
ʱСȵͷŻ죡
Сվڸ޾Ľӿҵİ׹⣬СĽһ˳ȥ
վڤڶɴϣҲǽ뵺Ľǰ䡣ڤڶɴɫĹ⣬ֵĻһγһֽ𡢺ڡɫâ
ܱܴɫľҲ֮ӿ˳ȥ
ֻһͬʱڸ档ݸӦǵĶԼҲͷų굤ĻȻеĻͬʱͷųȥ
ⲻǻҲʲôǴĻͷţԿ
䣡
һâһɱʷϵһҪ׳ǰ˳ȥ˲㽫ǰѾ޴û
ɲǼ䣬ⲻ֪˶ٷ֡
ǰγɵȴûʧ
ﲻͣת
ÿһתֻᱻµĽⱻͷų
һ£躵ĻȻûбƽ⡣
֮սⱻĥͷųĻҲɢ
ûƵ躵Ļȴֵסһ
ֻ쳣ļѡ
굤ȻǺǵġݰʹһУζֵסˣΪСǶͷų˴󲿷ֻڼҪָٿ躣Ȼͷųһˡ
ȴûһ˿⡣
֪ԼУȴǲη壬ӡϲǲ֪ôǶϵ
ҿԷ
ϣ
ݵԭ
ԭƽĺӰͻȻ˴磬ݵϵɳݵ½ǺͰߵĴɱ֮紵һЩŵķΧȴ˿ûм
Ϊսû˽
˶ԣսŸոտʼ
躵ȻܳԾ۾ݣû뵽һжֵܵסĿռкܶ࣬Ƿǿˡ
һͷţϵĺѾüɫǳأⲻʲôܡеڶ֪𣿡
Һ֪ǵڶ˵˭
ףʦ
һ㶣һϬĹ⣬òŰѵͿҡʱ˭ûˡô࣬ѲҵҲʲôϡˡ
Ц磬㻹ô˵ûô֮һս첻Ϊҵ£Ҳһսģ𣿡
ǡƶ˵սȫǹ¡ϰˣ㲻˽ңҲխСˡ
Цһ˵˾ʲô
躵¹죬ֻԼ۾
㶯ְɡ
֪ѾŲסˡҲֵͣģΪ֪㲻Э
Ȼظĸ֣Э
躵ͷܺãӲͷҾʹЭǶأ
һ̣͵Ľľ°˫־ٽи߾١
ʱһҵĹâӽϸֳȽȽͬһա
âɡ
֮â
ϰˣǻ֮֮âнһʱκа񶼽ֳԭΣĳªа񣬽нɪɪе˲һǴ
ֻ½굤ͣǻ˵ͣ
һմӾڶʱæڤڶɴǱף·ӾͷųĹâֻҪմȾһǰͻҷƵġҲ·ǹâܽ븡ռ䣬͸ڤڶɴƵģޱȿ־塣
ҲʱСɫҲǾ䣬Сݸ磬㵲סܣ


225 ǣ
ҾЭ
Сޱżݵ˼άûһ˿ܵ뷨ѾЭ;ܡΪܾЭԵЩޱǡǡֱĵĵߡļģ֮;עصĵļᶨǵıҡǵıɱΣΪѴ
ݴо굤ΪϺͶԻ굤Ĺ϶Ѿϱ׼ΨһǷȱľǾϵϵ򣬾ǵġݵĲᶨǱʧ֣ܵ굤Ҳڵĳɾ͡
иڤڶɴսꪣĳɾͣʮͳɾͻ굤Ĳ᲻κζٵģ
ݵĵ˼ᶨһʤнģοôʤǿʤ˼šÿսʧܣֻһֱʤͻȻʧһǵĶܵӰ졣ȻҲŰսȴͣɳˡЩǵļᶨı֡
ݲ䣬Э˲ҪԺܻøӼᶨĶЭˣˣĵľͻᱻһӰӰѴ
ݵĿǡ
Сǲ֪ݵ뷨ȻҲݵľ
躵ǻѾʹ˳ؼʱֻ̣ʹԼĻСѹ֪Сѹֵܵס躵Ļֻѡ㾡ȫķ
㵹£ҲҪöѪܣ
֮âȻʵʵǻâһʱմء躵˾վڵϣ͵ӡǵִʱ򣬹âͬհӽ紴̫η
ʱݿ躵ģһ˿Ǿ躴굤ѾôǿˣͿжǿжǿͷųǻǰлʱָǺε׳ۣ
ݵһͬ躵Ļˡ˵û굤󣬲ŻᷢԼС
ʱ躵ǰݾ;ԼС
Сͬϡ
躣̫֮ӣ̫֮
Ϊʱ̫
âҫսҲûн⡣Ϊйâĵطǽ⡣
˵֮⡱Ľ޵Ļǡ֮âʵʵĽˡֽ磬ʶ꣬ÿһ뱻âյ飬˵һ㡣
ֻͿġѹޱģ˼Ļ
Ȼǻ£СѹûκãԿʱĶûУ·ݴûͷŹһ
ݲҽһѾȥ
ǾηǷ·ǧѽ̽壬εĶڵϡ
ʹ࣬Σ
ҾЭ
Ъ˹ĺһ躲Ŀվ˫͵һͷ緢

ճ顣
ɱڹâһμ̵ľ룬ҲѸ顣
Ȼ޷ֵ
âգ·ϾҪݸڻ
ռǽ
սٴηӦı̬һɫ
𣡺𣡺𣡡
ռȻݵԺȴں졣
Ϊÿһݶһϡ
·ֻݵԺһ£ϴݵз˳
ᣡ

ᡱƶʱ죬ԶԶ߹֮ǰн⿪ʼѾ˺͹âʱ
â̫ᡱҲûֶܼá
ʱѾֱͦˣ޾ϣٴηһ
㣡

㡱һսйصϢӿȥǰݵ˹Ŀ꣬ΪģݵۼЩâеһ֣ƺҲܲ壬ȥһЩ
һâȻ䱻ˣǻȻסˣ
躵ɫʱһ䡣
û뵽ݾȻɱﵡ
ݵɱﵣȻܹǻ࿹⣡
ʵ֪ԼҲû뵽ս־Ȼᷢ˼ı仯
ڽ굤ʱǳþɾͻ굤и̵
Ϳ߹žли̵⡣
ɾ˻굤ԭ򲻻ô죬һߵĴ̼£սĵط
֮ǰֻ
ʱͷųѵֵסнĹơһδͷš
š㡱нɵľ޴Ӱ죬ݶʱİٱȻйܹսʤ躵ľ޴š
³
ǣ
һضɽҡ
һΣнⲻǱȡǱǣȡһǿֶΣǣһԸʶн⾹ȻԸǣͷߵԸ
ܵľ޴仯躵ɫǲҰףæһն
ʱЩԭǣĹâͻȻѣĹƻٴչֳ⡣
ҲʾǿƵ̬âӿȥ
飡
飡žžžžž
һضɽҡը죬һɾ޴ӱըɢԼٶܱɢȥŨ֮ܵУӰֱӶ˳ӲˤڵϣȻǱɡ
ܾˡ
굤˲СǿŪս
ˤĵһӦ
һ뵵ĺɫ躵ǰڶ𣬶ʱ躸סȻֻһƵ죬۾һգԵ˹ȥɢȥԼԼֺܱӰȫɢʱѻص˸ռˣֻʣƣص
ڳ˿
ʵݵжϷǳ׼ȷ躵ȷܾôܡֺܱʱŪΣȷм˵Ȼݡֺܱ֪ǣܱӺ״εǰһ룬ʵѾоˡʱĵָָϵıʯ
ǿűʯһһĵĻһǸָƵǻ
ó»ָ;
ܹһľʧȥսٴվս
һĵǻǳҲǳƽ˸᲻á
躲ƽˡ
үеǮ
Ҳ̫ᣬȱûв躵һС
ǽѵȥ˿Ҳ浹£ôڲݵϢ
ԭΪԼ˻굤Ժսɶˡû뵽굤ĵһսȻ˼ѣ
ѵЩ״ܵĵز
Դ̤ϻ֮·սлûΨһһͿΪȫ֮ƥеĴڡͿûκҲ㲻ʧܡ
ǽˣǾİˡӴԺĶ棬ݾҲ޷̧ͷ­ΪԶѹ
ڲˣѾܡ
ʵҲ֪躲Ǳܡ˵սӦƽֻ֡ǳ躺֮ʱֺܱһѡ
뻹йھģǸ˵ǳԽԼҪŬСĻھУҲĥ£ǻظҲһҪԼһָ£ԼҲҪܿסС
ľݲ֪ȴ֪ĵĴž硣ı躵ľҪߣû߳١
ȻݲǺöֵǲ鷳ȻҲȥơ
֮ĲУ֮ȴǲް
ʦǸëСӣ
ʱһݵĶ
ھæ£Դȥ
ӰѳĲԶ
һ˵У޶̰Ĺ⡣


226 
¿ݵرٺѾ˷衣رٲǻɱĺ˵ȴκαֵӵС
һɱĻͣɻĿǳ޷ġ
֪ܺݵݣ֪һΪ֮ĸסһЩֶβƺķӡԺҵʦʦҲһӡ
ڵѾƣߣ˵׸⡣
ǷǳΣ


񾩳ǡ
ʹ
껻ʴطɫĹ⡣
âǬһʮؿǹâŨĵطԵ˵ͷʾ⡣
һۣȻߵձ˵ȥɣϣܰ
Ϳأ˷Ǳʲô
ͿҪ⡣Ϊⲻ⡣Ҳס
ֻǵģǷ˴ȫ㳯ֵܵ͢ס񾩵˵Ǹѡ
ʵȫ֧ƻô˾ͽ񾩡
վŮӡ
ʵһʵ۲ġȥ˵𣿱¡
ͷ
ͿһЦȥˡ
ȵȡֵмµ㡣
˵
Ǹ磬һѪΪ硣ȥҵǵһλҪ¶棬ȹ۲ǵ˵
ģֻҪҵүҾܰ
šȥɡ
ͿһƬ۵Ľ֮С


ÿһĲΪ֪С硣
ÿһռĲΪ֪Сռ䡣
ÿһλĲΪ֪Сλ档
֮ܶԶ֮ǧ棬޷̽ĵط
ǿҲԡ
ǣкܶ಻֪֮ء
ڱˣǿ֪֮ء˵ǲ֪֮ء
Ϊ̫ңԶǾңԶңԶ
ʱĳ硭
УѪδܵȼǣʧܣ
ΧΧһЩ˶ЦһͱСĴͷЦУ㶼Ѿ15ˣȻѪֶûȼҿһӶ޷Ϊʿˣ㻹ȥѧգŮһڼɻɣ
һЦ˽塣
һ15궼ûȼѪֵӣֱǶ
ֱЩֵһˣ
ҿ10͵ȼѪˣһӶȲңԺ

˳ŪĿУоɥ³ͷĬĬı۾ں˵ļͳЦֻǺģԼһʧˡϸ㣬6һѪǣڣܹǣ28ˣɽһǣʧܣ
ΪĸսڿеǣȻһ˿½Ҳڶеһκˡ
Ѫ½ϣÿ˵ڶѪ֣Ѫ̺ľѪֵȼںϣ˵ɱÿ˵ѪֵȼҪһѾѪֵȼߵǣǣɹ
һ֣ѪֵȼѪֱľȫ뾫Ѫ裬ںΪһӶĸܣ˱лΪһѪսʿ
ڶ֣ѪֵȼѪֱһ־뵽ѪСĸܣʣµĴ󲿷־ȼգӶһֺʶѪ顣Ѫ棬ܷӳ޴á˱лѪΪġѪʿ
ѪսʿѪʿҲΪƶĵȼ;磺
£ÿ˵Ѫֶ10ҵȼӦҲĳЩ⣬˵е츳6ʱ͵ȼѪ֡е츳ϲҪ12ꡢ13ܵȼѪ֡ڣеһӶ޷ȼѪ֡
ʷӣǽһɣϵ15ѪֻûȼģһӾͺѪԵֻҵ﷢ⷢˡԣڵ֪ѪֵȼʧܵĽʱսлĿˡ
һѪδܵȼӣһѪδܵȼͨ˸ԽܣΪ˵ѪͳĴǶô⣬ʧȥҵġ
ѪսʿѪʿѪֵȼĽҲо޴ıһ˵һٸоʮ˵ѪܹȼʮѪֵȼʱѪľᳬ
ڵǣ·ǰ·ȴǶµġȥʸûСһ˾ġʿ˵ȻԽܵġ
ĵطһ滷ĵ죬Ͷ׶ޣ޳ееүүѵϵ֯ޣ˵֮Ϊǵ

С˿Ҳֻһˣ򽻵ҹ䣬뺷ڵҲеĸսһһѪսʿĸ֣ʿеżӢۡ
һѪսʿǿ
ȻżӢۣǾȻкܶĽߡЩĽУŮʿӶࡣսʱ²ϣɵĽֱ۵ķʽǡʮӣ

УսĿеĵλӦ󣬿϶ֻ͡սӶ࣬һɶӰ졣οеĸףѾˡ
пЦ֪Ժӽ¶

º
ܲҹбһźѹʱҹһźȻǲõס
ԴǰһսҲûмУͬû˭ԸСѣ춼ǹ¶һˡ
Ҳ¹¶ְרԼ¡ȻδܵȼѪ֣Ȼÿ壬һЩΪģĻ
ѺѸٵװ·ƿţʱҹлƵ˸ײźɱ
϶Ǻˡ²ϡѾµˡ
ӣʳˣڼҺúôţһ˴һ֧׵Ķǰ˶е
ʦҸģɽսұۣҲʿѵӪõʦеλɽڲδ̵УȴƺɽΪʦɼĶԽʿѵӪļȿ
ڳս
ȥ
ɽüӱ֣εҹϮͬѰ˵˿ѪϣѪҲֻһֻٶȼ죬ǳ׺ҪѣץססѪˣǳӲ̣㡭ͶڼǧҪȥ̫Σˡ
óɽ˼ǾԼûս˵ȥܰæԱ⣬ȥ˷ǣǷֳȥһλûõӡ
ȻɽȻ˼ĿûκζеıġЩ˲ͬҲС෴ЩͬС
ҲΪɽˣжҲ𾴡˵ͷŶһɽע»ȥˡ
ֻɽ뿪󲻵ӣбһ˸ߵġ˳
гƶӣмľͷľͷ˳ص飬˼һŹ̶˵ĹƶֻҪںλãȻӴ˫ȥӳӼ̡
ӣδʿΪʲôҪڼȻûܵȼѪ֣ҲսҪСңƶвɹģƽʱֻռ컹ǵһƳʵս
ƶȥߵĲȺܼųǵıԵŷƶƶʱеӳ죬ɱϵ߻죬սķΧеֱ졣
ΪһʿҪӦգҲܺ£η壬սÿʿҫҧѪ˻мǰ
ڽӽŵʱһͻⲻͬĹͷ̧ͷǰһʵĹâ׷âıԴȴǱԴٶȾתͷ졣
Ѫ⡭ѵѵѪ񣿡мӿŲı䷽ɽϿȥ
ɽʱǴ죬λãؿ˳еսŴһͬϰС˴Ź˷ƴɱǴýڽڰˣȻôӴ
ɽĬĬңŸЩ񣬰룺үүӢۣҲӢۣҾų򡣡
໡һде˼̧ͷʹҹûвμսֻǴԶԹߡ
ɽΪ׷Ѫ񣬿Ŀ꣬ƶѪƶ켣λãӴڹϡ
ЩҲԼģͳļּͬͷ̣ܶĿ󲻻̫˿ڣͷһҩˮݹֻҪǷǳĲλм߲ȫһʱ䣬׸
ųΪһʿԣȴϲɱ¾ǺĲͬǺ˵Ĳͬ
ಣ
һȥѪβӹѪ⣬ûҹС
ա
ಣٴա
ѪڶĹӿٶȣ׼Ƭաɾʱƶĵ֧Х塣
໡Ѫ񰧽һûϵ䣬ǼٵԶˡ
ˣˣѪˣмҹա


227 Ѫ
һƶ棬˷ܵȻû뵽ѪȻ˼ǿһ֧ԼԶѣûץסǷǳġ
Ѫٶȼ죬׺ޱȣֻһֻѪʿץսͷ۵ѪȴΪԼˣܲ˷ܣ
ƶɽҪϢ߸
еɽµʱ򣬳еսҲӽ˽ӽβҹϮʧܣ¸ұ˺ͼ԰
дżŴȥôϣõĿ϶ؼǵãԼ11껹ûȼѪ𣬸ͽԼĮˡ12꣬13꣬14꣬ԼѪֻδܵȼԼ̬Ҳݵÿ¡Լʧ˸ԼϵϣӶʧȥ˸Լ
ж֤Լһ¸ҵģԼһΪʿ
Ҫ߸ԼѪʿ
𣡡һХȻԺбܵǰһˣʱƶžꡱмæתȥȻһͷĹڴ֣ʮףһŻԴ֮
ǻͷǾʿ򽻵һֶ
һɣͷſ죬ĳŭ𣬶ʱһµĻ档
вǱŵôסǻͷĳ̫ͻȻһûʱٶڶ
˫ѱӳʺ죬ΪԼҪΪҽʱһߴıӰͻȻǰ
Ǹ
սŰ˸ߵĴܣס˻ͷĻ棬ڻֹһɲǣƺݺݵͶȥ
飡Ƕлͷ沿Ӳ˹ȥ
ս߹ȥʰƣסͷĲӣһźݺݵزϣ͵һ⻢ͷսĳأеһ
սתͷĮУôΣգ㻹ʲôҸպþˡûбѵĳʶû𣿡
æվ˷ܵ˵ĸǳҵģҸղţںɽϣѪ񣡡
ԣսûеϲú;ȣʵѪ˵Ѫ񣿡
͵ͷûѪһɣоƮѪ⣬Ѫ񣡡
ݵȷѪ񡣵ҪܶꡣһӶ޷
ġ
ս֣˵˵ˣСЦѾʺˡУ»кܶܵÿţôЦ
ҡԸĲΣ֪νͶȻ˵Ļȥ˳Ĭ
ϸһ룬ȷʵԼ̫ǷˡԼѪֶδȼûаѪץôƾ˵ԼѪ˭ţ
ˣһæȥϢɣԱϣսתһ˾ֱ뿪
ȵȣǰ׷
սͣȴ˵ȥ
һΪһʿģҾԲʧģҽѵӪɣҪһᣡ
ս۾˼룬Ż۾һ䣺Ѫֵȼ˵ȻҲֻһЦ뿪ˡ
ôøһᰡŸԶȥıӰ
ԭ̾Ϣսıĵ룬ԼսĿ˶28εѪǣʧܣҲɡ
28ΡȷĻѾˡ
ҾôˣΪʲôѪֲܵȼأܵǶԣΪʲôҲУĶǸѪпյ롣
ѪӢۣδʿ֪ʱѾۼһȺˡиӵĶԻʱսˣ㿪ʼЦ
Ҫ˵лѪ񣬴Ƕš
ǳЦеĴͷЦôôһҶ˼Ҹ硣ͬǸĶӣΪʲôôأѵΪĸ׵ѪͳͬУ˵ĸǸǲġ
žͷû˵꣬׾ͺݺݵذһǡ
ɶ˭ͷеĵܵܣǿ壬ΪӵȻ󣬻ûм˸ҴףܲŭתͷҪˣɵ˺ʦ
ɽݺݵصǿһۣ컹ҪѵǿӸûȥϢˣ
ǿõԴڨЦʦǴˣǼڡ˵ġ
Ҳļȡ
ǣϻȥǿҵæһȺ˻ܵˡ
ɽתͷУӣҲȥϢɣ
дվɽͻȻʦĸ׾˭Ǹ𣿡
ɽĬƬ̣˼ŵ˵ʵҲӣֺαôأںᣬҪģŬΪܶ
̧ͷð͸Ĺ⣬·ɽĻһ㣬ʵ˵ԣҪΪܶҪΪ˾ӢۣʦһҪң
ɽ΢ЦֻҪڣѵӪһĽ㡣ôڣؼҰɣ
á
·ϣͻȻʦҶңһҰɣ
˵˵
ҸղѪ񡣡
ɽ״޵ޣѪǿǶһ޶Ѫ񰡣ӿضܳΪ˾ʿ
еͷðɣ͵ֻǸЦ

峿кһ塣ڳţƤ߳ţĻռϡ
ҹѪĹƶͷˣУ䣬ռʵĲϣƶ죬߼ͺ
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ǿȭȭϸЦûй˵ܵܲ磬ҽǵ֪Ҫȥʲô㲻˵Կ
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һĻֺǺǵЦеˮ˳ǵ˶˵׶ҿʵҲͦɰ㻹Ǻһ˾͵ţ˾ҪԶ԰ɣԡ
ιѪŶ·һ㡣һˣѪ񰡣㻹ԵʱҺ˵˵ɣЩңҲûһѣСҲҰлû˵պҵĻҾͰ㵱Ѻɣ
Ƕ˵һ޶ѪӦòǰɣҲӦиĸģĸĸ϶ҲѪɣ
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ҵĸףʲôӶ֪УǶ˵ҵĸǸšǺһЦɣô
С㣬ԺҪȢӡȻͿҡС㲻ӻؤʵ˶ޣ˶ҡ

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Ѫлл㣡ѪԻһҲϰˣύ̸Ҳû֮ǰôŤˡ
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ܹһܵĳһ˵ϢǶô˼飿ͿǿԳһص˸ܵǸ֪̫ǿܹÿ˵Ϣ
˾ֵȻûиܵǾֻһͿѾ뿪񾩳ˣڶͿڻʹĽСڽУ˵дҪ죬ιܵ
أ»ޱȵǡ
ߣ˾ЦôЩ鷳̫٣Ҳûй㼸ʱ˵ȶӵ飿ǵ̫æҲ̫࣬һһտġԶǣǲܲ˵ķ˵СѾȥĵˡĵʲôطǿħڵĵ̡Ȼܣô׵ô
ԡ˾ɳȥ˵û㣡
ݳĬ
˵ǲ˵
˾ɾݵ忪ʼһȥЦ˵ڶֹĶǸǸ֮λ뷨Žûãͺֵǿʼˡײܣֵܲͣʦֲڣӣǹһɢɳˣбҵģ
ҪɱɱαضԼͷó޼Ŀⶢ˾ɣͺȵڤ㣡
ͷӲܲ˵ҾɱԼӿռȡ
˾һΪצһצ
ʱͬâݷȥ
âֱݵ㡣
˾Ҫһɱ
žžžžž
âӦɢһߴݵǰ
һ̣һزҴֱɵڰ
ոڣ˭˵һɢɳ˾ɣȱµСӣֱǻˣ


231 ǹ
ڱֺܱ͵Ϯ֮ǰǸʯʹܹٻظͻһԻȻʹ˱˹ȥԭΪٺһս굤С굤һ裬Ÿոڰ˵ǰϣܾʹ
ʱǿŶȡٶѹ󣬾ϲķݹȻûߣȴȵķںͱսǸ˺һҲǴ굤ڰĬĬĹ۲һ֪Ĵĵķ˾Ԯźš
˾ȻǴ굤ҲǴ굤˾ɣֻǼѾˣ˾߻һ굤ܱ֤͡ݲܵ˺ȴ޷֤סˡԮٷ˾Ѿɱ֣Ͳܲˡ
Լݣǹ϶ݵĶ硣
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ݵû뵽ҡ
ŭƨոڣҵܵܣ㱻۸ѵܣڼܷܵ˴游ͷܵܣǹء棬ܱܵ۸ܵܵæҲǹأймҹ棬˻޹زɷԲԼŪÿģΪ˶ҪԸ㣬۸㡣֮ǰҷҪ㣬Ϊ㻵˹أͱýܳͷ
躵ǿӲ躵Ļŭ⣬ݵͻȻһů躵ԽӲԽŭů·ԽԽŨ
ݺȻ˸
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ү㲻ˡǲʳ˼̻ĴɣȻ೾֮Ҫеĵ̳ΪڴЩġеڵϿɣ̳ȥȻǵõ˵ڵϿɣҪԸңǾǺ͵ԣ
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ҪĴŴ˺ѣпһҲһ򵥵£ȴ˾ɾ޴ѹŴԵ
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£˾ɱͣŭؿǰһĻ


232 ɱ˶ᱦ
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ղ˵ǳֻʮʱ䣬˾ǱеĻ굤µĻͶѵءһЩС굤ĻҲˣֻǼ굤ǿֵסʱǶ˾ɾ£ޱη塣
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ֻĳ磬Ż֪ĿɹԼĵഺеļжôĲףֻе˺ͬȾԼ߹ȥ˲굤ҲˣȻ˵Уǲ֮׵ΪʹɢҲһȻ顣
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躳һۣȫǰɡ
һ˫۾ڵĶУɢĹ⡣
굤͵³ǵͬһֻǱһۣͷء
굤սŮ֣С굤ȫС
躵ǰֻʣ˾һˡ
躳ݿһۣϰˣҪɱ㣬ô죿
ݵذ졣
˫һ˵úãҪذ졣
֮£ɱ˶ᱦһ£躵ɱ㣬Ϊ˶ᱦɱȻҲҪᱦ
ն֫ҪǰۿԼıߡ
ǡӦһʱ˾˹ȥ
һ̣˾ֻоһɾ޴ѹϮһɽѹԼȥ
оԼ֫ʼʹǱƥлѪͳսסһĸ
˾ɷһ˻ߵĲҽСΪ֫Ѿ룬ѪĽѵѪûȥ
躳ݿһۡ
ʱܹվˣĲ£˾ȥ
ݽַϣ΢΢һľͱȡռ
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˾ɿһۣҡҡͷȻתȥ
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ûٻͷһۣȥʵ磬ҪҵĿռҪҸ㿴
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ʵΪʲô㲻ǻѲҵ𣿡
΢ЦղúܺáȻǹСүǰûжжڡҪάЭϣΪ磬ȻҪ֧㣬ǹء
ˣ
Ȼ˵ղŵսĿռкܶܡЩܸ״˺Ϳ֪ǼȻûԽ
Ҳǹأ
Ҳǹء
躺ݶһۣ߹һģֵͻȻ֮䶼Ц
Цպۺٴڰ𣺡ֳɾظ


233 һһϣһһ
񾩳ǣʹ
껻ʴųŨҵĽ⣬ټĹӳĵĽ̻Իͣڽ֮Уڽİ֮£ѿʲôģ
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ϣͿ𣿡
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ʵ۲ʮ꣬ûȢڶеĵһԵЩۡڽҫ£ɫһһףԲԲģһֿɰĸо
ڱǰԶҲֿɰһ档ǰһӡ
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ˡô
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ԣʵһݣ漴ֳľ⣬ˡ
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ĬһᣬʵۺȻʵϣеķڶᵽ͢ˡֻʣһǺʱ֡
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Իʵ΢΢һЦЦķǳϴ飬һ߶ԴԼǰְŻʵ۵Դ£ʱˡ
ʵ˫һЩڿԶˣ
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ﲻסˣ
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ƽʢܺùͿ̿Ϊ˺ͱµļƻɹɽ֣Ӵ˲£ǱС
ʵ۶ʱȻ𾴣Ȼһݡ
üüΪ֣࣬ͬص˵ϵκξ޶֧֣
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234 һĵһη
ͿѿԼ壬ʮָҲ޷Լ˫ѪɵġԼʱŨܵĽ⡣ɵǰʱȴһһķ籩ǲԭϵķ籩ִ۷ϵ޷⾿ķ籩
ֻ֪ԼڴԽһһķ籩ĹУԼѾ˺ԶԶ
־벻ֻǿռľ룬ʱľ롣
ԼŵĲǺܿ죬ܸоÿգһ۾Щһ籩еͻȥһκܳʱ䡣
ãԼ쵽ˡ
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Ѫ½
ããһ졣
ϽһɭϵĳС
صиԶͿǿһȺѾڹ㳡ǿһվǰ棬㵸˵ͣ
д߾Ҳǿһۡ
кǿһȣ·ٴγǰǼֵ¡Ͼͻָհ̬ĬĬ˿ףֻһĺӣȻϲ۸õĸ磬ɲϣ类Ե
ʱǿһݸ߹ȥЦСڻˣһΪأ
һҲЦǿһȭѪ񣬿类Ѫ˰ɣУ㻹лܵܣ
ܵһȭܴѪʿȴǿѪͺµܵĵСЦ
ýͣжǿ˽⣬ѾµǿһͶԺǴţƤˡ϶˵ǣ֪ҽʲôѪһ޶Ѫ񰡣֪ѪʲôЩһ벻ëĻƵģչгôվг¥ôߣ8Դ1516۾ֱҼ͵
˭ӣʿδӢۣһѪ򶨵վǰȻſ쳯ҧʱҺһȭһԴϣʹҷɡٶ̫죬ھѾץˣѪߺһǸûõĸͲӰˡûðѪʲôµģѵ֪Ѫ񣬲һչԼʿĺʱ𣿡
ظһǿĻĿɿڴĿ⣬ʵ𣿡
ǿҲǴľû뵽оȻܲ²˾׼ô֪һ˵Ѫ8Դ16۾
ݸӺʵ˵ôЩһĿ
ǿ΢΢ͷͣĶԽ˼Ž˷УάԼţƤ
ǿ벻ǣȴ˵ͷȻġѪ񻹲ܣǲɵӣ㣬ܲܣ
ݸƿԡ룬԰ңҲܰɣ
Ƭ̣ʵǿһȭѪˣ
ЦҶ˵ˣҿѪˣô֪״ѪûУԱϣζƳǿһۣȻȻԵõˡ
ǿǺ졣
ԳԼǵС߼ķʽǿĻԡÿеĻ󶼻ʣѪѵ𣿡ǵĿ⽥ǿϣѪ񲻵ܣˡƺеࡣ
ڴţɣѵѪܣ
ԶµһǣսɽעŹ㳡ϺǷһСȻȻе˵ĶԻгֵѪȫǺǴţƤЦ
ȥıӰɽ΢ЦӺܴкܸߵǻۡղŵѧʱȺܶ˶ǿ
սȴʲô˲˵ԴӴˣƤӣȴǸѪֶûȼˣʲôãҪߣֻҪʿ
ɽº͵˵ȻѪδȼδزܳΪһʿ֪ʵǺ¸ҵġֻǣȱ¸ҵʱѡλʱǿ԰
ѾĹˣǣ28Σ28Σʧܣս̯֣ߵ˵ҵӣ᲻
ٸһᣬܳɹأȥѵӪﷴҲһҲһѧ
ս΢΢üɽ֪ģҲżΪ˱Ѫ޷ȼעΪһǿߡһǿߵȥȥɱȻûгΪʿǾƽĶɹһɣ
ɽ΢Цһ˷Ļţܵġһչ˺ģѵӪ˺
ս̾˿˫ַڱǰ˼۾
ã롣


峿Լ֣ѪҲǵȺһһСһᣬѪ㿪ʼѪķ
Ѫ̵ķоĴƳĺԼڵѪ顣
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гڷĿֵУҲ֪˶ãѪһɫСͣɫĻɫĲݣµɫġлϸϸĴͱѪصһѨС
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ѪѾѪΡ磬Ѫ뿪ʱߣѪĽԻѪа꣬ѲȫǵҪѪˣżԼѪĿѪҲǳദİ䣬˳Ϊʦѣĸ顣
ڣѰѡԳħٶɣ͸Ѿʼ¼ˡѴﵽˡѪսʿȼ
ֻΪ˲ͻȻǿ³Ϊ˵Ľ㣬Ӱ쵽Լȶ״̬ûǰ¶ԼʵѵӪװһģÿӺǿ˵ĳЦǰǰǸѪδȼķӡ
Ѿ16ˣǶѾｫ϶ĵӣǸⱲע޷ȼѪֵķ
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ͱ˵һǰ϶սֻͷܡѵӪһͷȴװűķ
ȴҫ͸꣬һУֻΪе
Ҫ⣬ҪֻҪʵǿ
꣬ĳˡ
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죬ѵӪСӡ˵СȻҪҲսԼôšͬǣС棬սкǿһɽŮ塣
˵ĸ׶ҪǵСӭҵĹע
οǾٹ֪Ҷ뿴λδŮӢ۽չֳε
ⳡԣҲ˳ֵ׼ѾԼҪⳡϸ⡣
֪ԼıøޱʧʵڲԸԼȶ״̬ҡɣѪҲˡѪΡ磬档̣ʱ򱬷ˡ
֪һʱ򣬻ʲôأмϳҪװš
һ죬ѵȴ̫á
ǿöƣƳһۣУһװӣ˵װĺûνȰ컹ǱϳˣĿԣҪ10ֻͷһ񣬿ǻᶪġ
пҲǿһۣȻԹԵļװ˵ܺԼˣȥչ㡣
ԣǿǴ͵ĿУȻԵͬǶһۣЦ￴Ǳɵˣ˵ЩʲôȻҪչңУǺȾˣ
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ǵģҪ˫սҴͻҵ˫֣֤һʿԼ˵
мϳʱɽͻȻҵӣ첻زμӿˡ
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Ȼս˼ս¶ڿԵʱ󣬶ϡ
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ţʹܡεĿһų10ֻͷǿɲģǧ˽ȥеɫΪѿɽ˵̾Ϣһȥ
Զǿķ̫ˣûûǺˡοԣһܹ
еָһɿɿ
1ѵϣԭμӿԵ6ˣ˳ˣֻ5ˡ5˶10ֻͷεĿȫݡ
ԭԵ6˶6ֻͷҪԿ10ֻͷɽŮֿǵŮʵҲʹӦˡ
Ҳǣһǰۿһԭ
ˣһУɾǵ֮ĵһˡѹе硪ĴӺͶӡ
ӺͶӿɶ͹˵󱲣ѵӪһСҲֻǶԿ6ֻͷɹˣȻǱȥ
Ĺ磬ݣֻʵ
˭ȭͷӲ˭зȨ
һؤҪǱܴһܱӻø˵𾴡ͺñӣȴΪʵܵ˵ĳЦ
սҲΪԼǿʵ˸Ĺʵͱȡ֮ˡ
˿̣λսĿһ볡еϡ
±ֵ곤࣬һ˵󣬱ȶҲҪ5ꡣע壬丸ŮŮʿӦûŮһǺ¡
ҿδءƤ𪣬ʮ˧Ц⡣οˣҲδԺʵսзӳʲôá˵£Ů˾Ůˣڼ廨ˣս
ܴ˻ȫԡ°ڰͷҶӺ󶫱Ѫ½鼮д¼Ѫ½ϣܶ飬ŮҲС̵ĶңɵһҵĹпŮˡʷϣҲһЩʵǿĴŮԡ
̫ЩˣƲƲ죬ΪȻ˵ЩصĶƭ˵ģôϡŹֵ£㿴ϰѪ½дɾѪսʿѪʿͬϵǰ࣬ôܣô֣㿴ǵĺܣСӣŵĿҵѪɲûܵȼѪôҶѪֲܵȼķοЩͨˣ磬Щ鶼ĵдƭǮģ
ǺǡҲٺ磬΢Цһ죬ǻ̤Ѫ½ءʱȻ֪ˡ
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239 ϳԮ
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ʱѵǣһľս壬ܴݵĺɱ
ˣһֻͷǰͬһֻϣʮֻͷǰͲʮֻǰˡ
ͷȻŶЭţҲñ˴ϣһֻһȺɲֵı仯ô򵥡
ɲǼ䣬ʮֻͷͬʱӶѨȥХųϵ5ѧԱȥ
սһķΧ̨ϵĹǶһ
дڽĬĬעųϵս
սڻã˵㣬е»ռϷ硣һ100ֻͷӮ˿̨ϵһƬкսгͣɽҲ˸Ժ
սڣ5Ա2֧֮սʼʱࡣӰ쵽սˡһȺͷսǲκи
һȺͷһֻںһֻͷսʱ򣬿ԸһȺͷ˵ˡ͵Ϯ͵ϮǷʤţϾһսܵ³
廹ȵס֣һ֯һƯķطֻֻͷҲһԱ˵Ĵۡ
˵ĳԱȥϵľƣĶ
ֻĻͷǱܵġ
ĬĬؿţжⳡսԼķ
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ΪʵУΪŶ壬Ķϸ
жϣսļӣ˾ûˣҲûټȥˡ
ϵս˽״̬ʮӺ󣬹жϵǿſڵϺĴһݸӳԱһ裬ʾҪ볡
볡ҲͶ˼ҲѵӪĹ涨ʵڼֲˣͶⲢһ˵£˾֪֮
ʿ죬Ǻӻ嶯Ӳš
һԵĲŴ򿪣ǿæƣ˽ȥ
壬߰ǿվűߴߵ
ҧ˫ֺȵҲߣ
һսʤֻͷģ
Ҫߣ˵Ҳߣ
ǿҡҡͷջǾҪûðգ뿪ˡ
ϣһ
״սҲȰ壬Ͷˣ´
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սɽɽûҪǿŮ볡˼ҲĬˡ
վչ˫֣ΪһźɣΪŮʿźɣ
壡ͣ壡ǿ

˵ĹȷˣĻͷȥȻһһ𹥣ҲĻͷһ˦ȥǻͷɳȥ
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ϵľƣһ塣
Ŀǰ״̬ҪսȥƺѾˣǲģǿ5ֻͷûһ˿ȴ˼
ŭĿһȣƴɱ
ޱѹ֡
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սصųϵ״ԶɽƺȥŮͼ˵ǵģؼʱɽֵġ
Ħȭƣ΢ЦαʦͰͲסˣȥ԰ɣ
ս˼һᣬͷҲáѾͷķͷѹֵܶˣպȥɱɱ硣5ֻͷûɣ
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»û˵꣬ձǰָų˵磬˽ˣǿףǽˣǡ
սӧսʱһӰȳ볡Уͻͷɱһš
˵ݽսߺսȫҵһ
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ⲻǸȻˣѵɱ𣿡
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еͻȻѵ˷׷ۣλҲȵĴλվ
ӣҪϳȴʲôսһɲǵľȹָƽ飬ĻﴫĶȻֻǳȵţϲ˭Ҳ֪ʲô
˼룬ս˫ۼ͹β뿪λʱ»ͷͷ㣬ȥܣ
ԣսػصλϡ
ʱָųУɻ˵ôо̫ܺһˣ
ϣкֻͷѾһţⳡսһ񣬶ھ𽥷ʵĸı䡣
һŰ˸ߵķܣһִ˸ߵγìǰչֳδй͡ûи͵ʱ䣬ǰ棬ɱ˻ͷ̶ԼٶȽڵתơ
С㣬棬ͣı任λֻɧţָЩӦУ
˵䣬굽һֻͷ£һ߸ϣì˳һͷɰףײѵıϲ̱¼ĭѪҺµĻͷһϢȻûбߣʧȥ˼ս
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ˣˣˣɧ£ֻϽĻͷҹһʱԾĿꡣ
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һʽǡԳħٶеʽȥ񫣬ʵҲҪǿĹסٶȡ׼ȶҪǡôٶˣбȻȱͷ˵Сˣì޷ͱֻͷ塣һìպͱ˻ͷβϵλãܹˣȻΪ֮ɼ׼ȡ
һ㣬ǿ񿴲ףսɽȴǿġ
̶Ƭо׾ٵĻֻͷսǲҲݡ˫۹ĵϴ͵վһһǰŵΧȥ
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240 ̣Ϊһı
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Ŀƽǰִ£ָץŷܵıԵèԭһ
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һ˲䣬͵ĻͷеĶƣҲȥڱܿͬʱ
ķط
飡ڰתУͬһ㣬˻ͷϡû˶أΪͻͷŵײı˶򣬼ڰзС
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ʱʮֻͷȫ
Ȼûܵκ˺ǻţŴȻսȥ
һ壬ڼ̵ʱڻʤһʿѵӪĳѧԱԣѾǳ˲ˡ
еһϵнطһǳɣ˳ˮ㳩죬ÿ̨ϵĹĿ࣬°͵һء˶þ㵵ųϣҴԱܵıֳĬԭַǷĳϾһƬţѻȸ
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ڣѻȸĿ̨ϣ̲סʡ
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ɽֳ͵ķΧһ̣ȫ纣ХХ
รʤˣʤˣʤˣ
Ӱ˰ܾ֣壡
ȻΪʤ̫˲ˣ

ʤˣһ˴ֻͷֱ̫ӢˣɽŻھ״̬еս
ս˫ֽդ֣ȫĶϣɽѾ˵ˣƺǲԼһСƫͷԵµϴܵһ˴ֻͷ
ҲĲ˼顣ֵУȻաǿͬû賰ЦΪСĵҲǿԼܵġϾΪһѪֶ޷ȼӣȷֳ衣
ڣ衱Ȼչֳ˱ǻҪߵ츳һ
ʵս壬£ֳˣǴһ
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ſ̨µУȻ֣ССӰߴҲǿ׳ȴоһɲӿ·ӿܽû
ˡǡ̵Уز¶̶꣬Ϊľһıˣڲϵ۵Ϊǿģð͸Ĺ⣬ɲǼѲ²еĶ
µͷǶûֻͷӪģܡ
ôܣ⺢ӡѪֶûȼ𣿡
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սµĻϸϸͷ̨ȥ
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ѪսʿһѪսʿȻһ꣬ҲŰôѪսʿǰ;ɽĻ󣬿ִ̨һֵ
֮ͥ£˴ʡս΢΢ֳܵĹ΢΢˹˵λˣʵ˴ңԲ𡣡
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еͷ̾ϢһԣΪרΪ˸ȱ˸ŬֻбֺǰһıӵΪֻй¶ֻаҲиʱ
ԭˡս̧֣ݺݵڻһģкá
ٴʱս˸˷ܵĹ⡣
ģ㳤ˣ㣬ǰ̫̫ࡣ
ɽҲ˷ܵеĸ첲ЦӣСС̵أʵѵãֱɽһֱ޽չһΪҵĽ̵ʽˡڵ㣬ҲԺģʵ𱰣û˻
ԣɽ˵ĺãʵ𱰣ǲҶӣǸʿ˶ᾴ㡣Ǹ˶㡣ʵǰ֤ҶǸʿսʹĺܣ飬Ź㳡磬ǳһҹ
սᣬѵſʵľ޴͵ߵ㡣ĿԣԭͷȥҪŲסʱսȥѹѹķͷڣҲѷͷȥһ֪ԼһǱǷĶӡ
սܲϲܲ˷ܣ
ԼĶһȫɫģôܼ̳λ⵽˵ķԡֻŲѸŻѪĹȹøˡʵۿһҪºˣս˵ļǾǼٵġ
˵ľǿΪ
˭ȭͷӲ˭
սһﶨѵϿҵĻнһսһˣһս
СĽһʤкֻͷҵĻУɽܽᡣ
̨ϻȺа˿ҲƭˣֻԼѪǾԲܸսġ
ǰֻΪԼѪ˵һᱻ˾̫ѣû˻šڣѾµʶǣս֪ѪºսԸһ뾡취ɱѪ
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˵սļˡԭǷɱ
мĲпᣬǰͽֽͷ˺صĻ滹μģɲϣѪ⸸Ķ֡ڵʵ͸ʮǧûֹֻѡ
ת뿪֮ʣһϤŮԺ
Уȵȡ


241 ע
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˸֪һܲڡϾеһֱ͸Ҳûеıġ
С㣬ʲô𣿡
ҡһǵͨ죬˫ֽץһʮֽš
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ιȵȣתҪߣǰһæУ˵лл㣡
ллң
ڹͷţлл㡣һֱ㣬㣬ÿζʮѿ죬ԭԿҵЦαͷܡûСǿ뿪ˣȴѡϳҡ
ֱһ̹
΢΢̧ͷ֣ص˵øлңֻΪ֤Լ
֤Լʵ
ϳǰ˵Ҫ˫ȥսˣ˫֤Լ֤Լһ¸ҵʿ
ǡ̾ϢЦһͷһģˣӮˣҰɣͺǰһ
ҡҡͷתȥ
УڲʱӦ÷ǳ˲Ŷ԰ˣΪʲôûȡЦңң
΢Ц㣿ΪʲôҪ㣿С㣬ӦҪлǣǰҵһ䣬Ҳӱ̿ﵽڵˮƽ
죬ؿеĺףʵң˼룬͵üУ㲻Ҫװ֪ںܵ⣬Ҹ㣬ǸǷǷˡҸղŸл㣬ΪȷңһԺ㣡οҲû䣬ʮֻͷǸȡһ룬ƽ֣ԺĿУҾбһ𣿡
б͸жԸȣܲܰױȰɣ
ܰױȣรˣҪ¶ע԰ɣУôģ
ӣ˼һᣬȻҪģǾͶĴ㡣ˣʹӦһҪ󡣡
ʲôҪ˵
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ӣԭͺͮͮʱԵˡͻȻ˹ȥһץסе죬ʵϲң
ҡҡͷǰϲɵҿô󣬾̫ҰͲôϲˡ
е̹һͷײһһٵŭ㣡ǣôϲңҪӣ
˫һ̯Ϊϴµ˲赹ˮҲ
ɶݣ˫ֺݺһɣݺݵصһۣתͻȻ͵һ¾ͳµĵȥĵҰŮķйƷ
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еıӰĶȭŭɶЦݣɶˣɶɶɶ񡪡
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˫ֲ޽ǵĳЦû뵽ǵĺõܾܵȻǸϻļһƺһƣͲͷˡôСĵˤ
΢ЦŽȥУҿδءѾóб£ܸûʹȫϸղŵսܵһһʽӵķǳȻˮһ㡣ÿһжȵĸо·̺ž޴ھѵӪѧûôҲ²ûм
ߣղΪȻĳһۣߵ簡㰡߰鿴̫ˡôҪ˶м˭ܳΪǿˡ
ϱ˶мֻļֻЩ׼˲ץסÿһʱЩվʱ֮۵ǿߣץסˡ
磬̫ˡƨطôѪ½ЩǺˣҿ㶼߻ħˡ
²գȻеıӰĬãͻȻЦһЦѵĸ׸ʲôǣе˼


СУĲջ࣬ԭû⡶󷨡Ʋ꣬Ҿ߽ܽˡ̶̵İҾȻҪˣʵڳϡأջΣ
Ѫξ磬޷ǰܸоһ󣬾ͺñȻ۾ԽݵԽԽǶ࣬ԽǾһԶ
ܺãĸоǾͶˡѪξǳѪʿһ׶ΣеѪʿҪѧѪʿĻ֪ʶҹΡΡСǱˮؼԦѪȵȵȵȡյԽ֪࣬Խ٣оɾԽԶǶԵģѪʿһ˴ɾ磬﹥ѧ๥ԵѪνССĳɾ͡ɾ磬ҲôɵġСУҪƽרעúɣ
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Ѫ񶴸ķ˵£ȫѪɵŮ潻šԶһӺһֻѪĿ͵ĿǽǣȻкѪ
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΢Цһֱ飬Ҳ¶
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⡭еͷ˼һᣬãüͷᶨ˵һ죬Ҳ㵶ѣ
СУ㻹̫ˡûô򵥡ѵҪΪұˣˣ
ĵĵҿԺۣҿĳޡ˺뾡취ҲҪϵȺ壬ΪʲôҪɱܺƽأҲģĵģһҪϾɱͱ˵㣬û˺࣬ѵҲɱ
ѪҡҡͷЦЩçǲ˵ЩġǷų
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飡
һ첨Ѫ񶴸΢΢ζֹкѪĽ̸
ѪæصУе׼


242 һУѪң
Ѫз۵糸ĳ붴ڰУءʯ̳ЩɫʯͷڵסˡȻжӸ߿յʯĻҳ˸ղкѪһľ졣
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ס۾˳Ѫȥ޴Ĳɫʯм䣬һɫ
ǵսףǰɫģкೣѱ˱飬¼ǵģ⵶սײǳ˲һֻϸϡ
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ѣЩ죬һֱѪǶڰѪûѪѡ
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ѪͷգҳɢȥӰ

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١ϷһɣȻٶ¸壿Ҫʹ̣ЦˣлԼˣͷЩᡣ
Ѫȴ֣ص˵ûЦһһһ𣬾ͲֻܽǷУҪЭսʦһһսʤ˵ʱ󳬼ǿߣΪǵϷӳ벻ҵ⣬Ҳһ飬ܳסٶȣ֮Ͼ͸һˡ
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ѪȰеҶˣͽšѪң


243 ԻѨ
ĲҪˣʱ첻
ܵнסԼӵѪ֪ûף˷еٶȣڿһת·ȥȻˣǾͲΪˡʲôʱܿ˷ĵĿ־ˣССУ֮·ؼĲǿжôڷܣжôõص䣬ǿܷսʤԼⷬʦ˵ģŲѡ
вĵͷ죬ٸһʱ䡣
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ģҡٶȽˣվֱµʯȺ¶ϧĿ⡣ϧ¹û취עҪֵܵˡ
δء¹ЩɱʵҪɱ׾٣ҸղŵǸ취ֻΪϰѪңѡԱϣѪͻȻչᣬʱһɺɫâɢΧĿһŤ
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244 ֢֮
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245 Ѫսʿ
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ССһˡʵǹѪ½ֻʲôӡˣǵķǸӸˡ
гȥ΢ЦС㣬ˡ
ͨ죬ȻʵȵУУһ̫ˣһҪһ
Ҫôԣ
浶ʵǹĴһ˭ʤ˭һĿȻԸķ䣬ڣ
гĬ
Щϲ϶ûףæô㲻𣿡
лǲѰʲô
ԼĹĵغȵ׸Ҳң˵仰
һ̨̣˶עУȴķӦ巴һĿȴӵˡ浶ʵǹĴһǸǶôľʰ˶뿴Ҳû˭վ˵ˣˡ
ڣҵĿ꣬ĿڹѺǰһʿϡ³ìǵȥ
ʿǰͣ£΢΢̧ͷʯͷɵʿʵʦжأ
Ȼ֪Ҫʲôɽһ˵ǧ
áеͷ˿
˶еĹٶŪͿˣ֪ѯʿܵʲôҲ֪ΪҪ֪˵ܵ˵һáֻ֡ǳؿУҪʲô
һ̣£չ˫ۣһѱסʿܵ˫š
ҪʲôѵҪǵܾ
ûиǿǧĵܰ
еľٶȫ󾪡
ǧ壬ǿֻжѪսʿܾģ
ȻݲǶ룬εرסܣվ
ȫǵͨ죬ͷŭһһӽǧʿܱ
ͣһСᣬȫһٴһֱͦ壬ѵܾٹͷ
һ룡
룡
룡
ʿе˿
нʿܷ£ػԭλ
Ϣţ֣תȫѻȸ
˶þ㵵Ŀؿ
ɽˣˣҲˣѵе˶ˣ
ڣɽشӿ̨ȥһץסе˷ܵĺӾǧʿܣǶѪսʿ


246 

ԣѵͬըĹ˶ȵվȫҵľ̾
û뵽оȻһѪսʿǧĶѪսʿ
չֳʵܲѽ
дһתѪսʿѾǴһ־ˡ
Ȼ뺷ԶããϣԴḻʷƾõѪ½ͬûʲôõص䡣ͣѪսʿѾܲˡѾǱޣδܳΪһӢ۵Ĵˡ
ڣۿˣоǧʿܡ
ǧ˵ʲô˵еʵʵѪսʿǶѪսʿ
ѪսʿҲֻʮ˰ᣬѴﵽ߶ȡôսͣǱضսҪǿ
սλУȫ»˷
нյʵչֳѾϿĹԡÿ˶룬߾ϵһˡ
ȻģչʾʵУҪٺˡ
һٽѪսʿһǧĶѪսʿ̫󣬸ñȡٱȥֻȡ裬塣
Ҳַ峹ģķڷ
ҪʤҪʤĳףǶİ
С㣬Ҫ𣿡Ц˵ţһֵʲõǿĿ⿴塣
㡪ƿԣݺݵĺһת񱼶ȥ
ߣ
ϣһսԼĵëֻܽĸ찡С㣬ûһ˿Ҫ˼ϣ½⡣ǱıӰ롣
һᣬҲɽǣ뿪ѵˡ
ѪԼʱ˿̣Ѫڻֵ
Դ֪ħкѪ˼ӱɱħĺԶ˵ףأȨλҫһ̸޷е
ֻźѪú
뿪ѵʱ˶Ϊ
ںܶˣΪӶ
Ѫ½ǵģǵŷĳǿߡ
̨ϣ½ĿһۣȻȺУʧ
֣кѪʶǸص㣬ѪȻڵС
аı˱ѪͷСһ񱳣ա
תۼ䣬ѪͻеһС㣬д
ڻУһ͵Ӱһ߳աȫµÿһϸ𾪺ɻ
ϢţţԲ˼ҵ죬Ѫ񣬾ȻѪ񣡡


սڿͷϣָͷйôг˷ܣϻžȹĲ˼顣
ǻӻֱ֣ǰֻʣһ˺󣬲еʵ㵱濴־ʿܣûʲôֶΣ
˫ָ޽ǵĳ̹Ȼ˵ǰҲƲܵġʵȷʵҴһһῴʦῴ֤ǸѪսʿ
ѪսʿѪսʿսϺݺһģһİоģϲ˵û뵽ص֮ҶȥˣսϴţšҶԵԵڰ
սЦ
һսƺʲô֣صʵ϶ҷԸôˣʧٵҵ𣿡
ҡҡͷټơǱˡһ£սŵղ׼Ǽʧ٣Ѿһûˡ
ž
ɶ񣡡սݺһģǿӷ֨ѽһ졣̶Ƭ̣ͳսεĴҲʵס
սŭЩԽԽˣ
Ϣŭ
˼һᣬսˡǾͺúһ£ٴγѰѨһΣҪҲϣӵ
ǣ
⴫µ
Ц˵磬͵ˡ
żܽ£սЩã𱸵ϴףô⸱ģ
ҿܣ
֪ʿܡ
¡ܺıԽһֱܣβȥ˻֣֡صĿսһۣѪ񣡡
ʲôѪ񣡡սͬʱȵغǿЩС˵Ѫս϶šȴǴ˵ģսͲòˡ
ûˣܺѪʮܣߴߴĲ֪˵ЩʲôѪܷˡ
ʲô£
ǧȷҲǣ游
£ϴô
ҶѪ½飬֪кܶ¡ܺѪһμ˵δزһµϲ°־ɱ⵺еҿˡ


һƬɫʵĴУһ߸ͻɽ塣
ɫ۴ﶬƺͷŴϢƬƬɫҶӣһ޵Ļ˶ĹʵԼЩƬеӯȻޡɽܸߣ·һվںȺеĴˡ°һֺǢĸо
ֻЩҪӲܿɽߴʱж޷Ĩȥľη
ɽе⡣
â£޵ĺ졣
Źͣɢů¶ȡ۹η꣬¶Ȼֲ䡣
âһȡ
һֱ޷ȡƤ⻬ı棬һĨĺɫ
һŮˡ
ŮˣȻ֮ǰȵˡò޷ݵĵزΪֻҪɽ¿һۣеĻľẦߵĵͷΪֻҪ̧ͷһЦеЩƲʱ·ΪһЦע
ǸŮˡ
Ůϴһɫ··֣Ϊ·ÿһƮȼյĻ档ֻ治һ˿˾úͣһɫĲʴ絴
ڻǺɫ
ǸŮˡ
ֽзˡ
Ů˴ӹâ߳ǰ˼ɽأءһʱһ־Ӹµʴ¶
â߳һŮӡһŮͷ˵ĳбԵüΪɬż򵥣ȹɫЬһ˫۾ˮģƽʱ΢ЦʱģΪз˵ĴڣҲء
ѾùãһǸоˡ
ɽµĴ֣ʵڶԵŮһ¡
һֱΪסֻôڿҲ޷ס㡣
˳ŮȥƽβˣԭǸˡ
ܼ򵥵һ仰ȴ͸¶ż˸Уӵį
λСβŮ˵ȴȻŷ˵Ŀ⡣
ƫͷٴθأֵǸĴһҾܹоվǲϷŹжǵǣҡжʱΪȡΪУϣңһǸΪǿߡȴ㲻㣬ʼղϷ֡
βʵȥˣ
ûȥ񾩳ǡȥǸˣӦͿ
Ϳĸ֣βɫЩأȥЧȥЧࡣ
Ƿǳ֡
㣬Ҫȥ𣿻ҹȥһˣ
ǶȥˡԴռ㹻ԴˣҲѾˣ㡣
ͿԽռ籩ȥǸ磬϶껻ʴصǵԴȥ馡
ʴأ
ԣ
ҡҡͷʱʴصķ̫󡣵ʴĵơ裬϶裬ȴܽ衣Ҳڹؼʱȡ
ؼʱ򣿡βɵʵ
Ҫˡ
ô죡
馵ԸѾˡβϲֶɹһ٣೤һ
ҸŽ㣬ѶҲ̫ˡ
΢΢һЦͬ·ƮľЩ
صʱոպáЩҵһ취ٲͿеô˳ȥ馰ɣɷĹϵ馳ҪõöࡣǽСͽ񾳽ֽһ󲽣ûжʦģܸøЩɡ
˵ͬʱ·һ飬ʱȼŵëëݸβëһǸģһΪɡ
β˫һʮϲ
ëȥƻֶθ߳ԴḻĻƳǻӦǲġɰǻҲǲܡ
βȻ֪˵Ҳ֪ëΪ
Ҫ֪ķëֱӴӷϰë
Ҳ˵ë̶ȣǷ˵һⶼβжʹ顣
лл㣡
Ǻǣءȥɣһúú룬һð취
ǡӦһβ뵽ʲô˵㣬ҵ𣿻а취
ҡҡͷѪ½ǵһǿߣǸ֮ϵ磬ǿˣҲķաзȴֲҵʱҾ޷ҵġ
˵β㲻˵ˡΪ֪˽Ǹ˵ˡ
ȥɡȻȥˣͲҪȻ뿪Ѫ½꣬һЩǸϡ취ֻҪ룬ǻеġ
ðɡβͷһۣ߽˹â֮С
ɽֻʣ·һˡ
һ˵ԭһ㶼Եù°ɽʱҲһݹ°֮
һĨϷ˵üͷ
ԽԽԶѵҪˣ


247 вһֻ
ҹܲ
ҹܹƽ񾩳һƬڰеͬʱҲɽҹɫ֮С
ɽĺβߡȻ񾩳ǲԶĵطվɽһŴϣҲ޷񾩳ǵȫòҲȫǸ߶Ⱥ;ԭ񾩳ǻʳǣл󷨱ӻ˲ƾ۾뿴񾩳ȫòǲܵġʵǶõҲǾ춯صĴͨˡ
ɽУһ޵İ͸״ӰشӰһŮˣÿдһΣҪһ£ȻɢЩͬóȥˮղɢһȦֻصһʱһֲͬ䡢ͣͬҹĻµ¹⡣
һŮ·ëƤգȫÿһԵüΪӲϸȥŮ˵òеŮһģһ
ͬһˣ
ͬǣµ壬е
񾳻ͣҹϣӵûξĹֶΡ
µͻȻϷ̤棬۾˸ű̵Ĺâ
ΪʲôôǿҵԤУԤ̫ˣ
Ϊ׵ĻºȻһֵεˡڣ˵Ĺ̶磬ѧϰȻ³ٴλʱҪְλˡڵְλԽߣζŻõԴҲԽ࣬ΪĪİ
µ˫ۣҲûʲô˫۾ȻԼϷֿ
Ҫ𣿡
Щԥ
ԵĴۡڵ˵ǵ»֮׼һţһεʮ
Ϊ۵ĻȻбҪǿǡ
ʮܽ볤Ҳʮꡣ̳Ļûãڿʧȥǰ;ǲǵòʧ
ԣ
ȨһʮȻҪڵǰ;Ե΢ˡ
µΪһİ͸壬µҲӳյͨ˫۷˫Ҳ룬ͷ­ֿҲֳɼءÿһضΪһĸ壬ϷƽУһȦȻת
תٶԽԽ죬ֱγһٶȶģĹȦҲ֪˶ãЩֿһ𣬻µ
³µ壬ؿǡ
һ̣۾
һ˫۾г뽾
ֻڵüͷ
üͷ
֮ԣã̳дΣա˾Ѿ˽ˣҵΣҲѾƽԾȻԤ⵽ԼΣձƽôǸԼΣյ˿϶ҪǿԼһ㣬˼Ÿòˡ
Ԯɻ᲻ΪԼ̫أȻһ׵ССɶˣǲԮԼôԸǸԼǿΣգ
˭Ҫ̳ԣѵ֪̳еĻ̳ԲǴڵ
˭ô£
벻ˡСڵڳǱڵʰ֪ھǿĴڡûɣҲûлʹʹˣȻҲͷˡ
Ȼܵһ˿η塣
ΪеǸˣʵ̫ǿˡ
ȻǿԼĵĲȵĵز
Ϊʲôָо
ֻһֿܣǾѾˣ
һ뵽¶ʱ˫һ
ܵȻһϢԼϢǸողֺһֱԼûз֣
ȵʱѾˡΪǸѾ֡
ֻоһֻ޴סԼĲӣҰԼ
ƴţȴκֵֻ󵽲˼ĵزҲѲ뵽ǣٺͶеֲȻѲ
ַֻ·ӵĳһץסͺǰӡԺйصĶ޷ѡ
޵òǺʹЩŤ˫۹ĹĵĶǰֵֻˡ
һˣĺӢһ˫ħ۾
㡭ǡǡ´Ϣţ·ͨѹŷģ˭
赭д˵
ͫһ־һļ⵶ĲĿڣϢ
񾳺ܲףܿϧҽ㲻ҪԱ굤ҲҪͼܷʽԹԾܣֻһὫͻصڣֵþȣǾͲ㡣
¸ӵ飬Ϸ˵һ仰Ļᣬ˵ǸǵһѵϣܹܺԼĹҲۣղһΣּʮѾ˷ˡԸЩϼһܰᡭ
һֱȻ𣬷·ֻͻȻȼһ
ţ˫һͣȼǻѸٵӣһյͷ­ЩϮ壬ʱѻΪޡ
µ촽䶯ʹ˵ʲôϧʲô˵ˡ
ʵ˵ڴԾһսƽ֣ġһ񾳻ͣǰĻᶼûУȻֱӱһ
µܿϢΪһĳս䡣
ʱµɽᰡ䡱Ŀʼը
أɽӴ˱ƽأĹ⡣
ҹĻǹ㣬֪˶ãȻ˿վԭأֻڵλǲɽƽԭ
˷һƽֻʯɳʯ
һ뵵ĺʯȽȽ
һУźʱƯǰ
Ȼаħ֮סҵҪʲô
ǰĺɷ˵ֱһȭ˹ȥ
ȭ滹ûдֻͣں棬źһ޴Ŀ磬ʱɢֻɢʱ򣬳ǰĲҵ˿һŵĺɫħ
ɢһȥǳžɵĺŽƯǰ
۾һȻǿ˺öʱ¶顣
һǿ߶ΪǺöıǶȻĺö
ŽȺŽǡû뵽ССĵ̳ȻѹıֻǿϧĺݣŽȻԶսȴƲôЩȥҲɥʧ̫ûʲôʵ;ˡ
ţŽ棬滹һСźȻн⣬滹һҵòȥ˵
峿
񾩳ǵȻߴߴиͣɽȴٽˡ
ΪѰңɽѳһƬķ档
̬ȥ̬躱֪һȥǳ˳
Ҳ֤ŴӴԺûе̳ûдɽˡ
״ˣһ֣ûа첻顣ڱǰʼһүɭģǰϰԵƨΪ
Ҳ㲻ƨϾ˵Ķʵ
һУʱһˮзɳ֣ץס
躵ģǿˮ򾲾ϣһϸȥᷢһΡ
˰ȥڡҵ塣Ҫ˵Ļѽˮ֮Сһ֣̳̳ԺӶùˡ
ǣ״ˣ˵ʵԸôһ񾳵Сֺαø״˳֡ȥ͹ˡ
ǵʵǹȥⲻһ
üͷʵʲô˼
ϸɱڻ˲࣬ɱڻҲ࣬ȸɱɱɱ˻û鷳˾͸ˡȻǲˡ
״˾ˡ
ȥˡ
ͿڣҲȥ
ǵȻеĹɱҵĹ˸⳥Ϳֵܣɱֵܣ뵽һѪϴڡ
ܵ׻ĺ躼˷Щæͷ
ڸʲôЩ𣿡ʵ
ȥ񻹲ûܶˣֻǸĻ굤ųͣ͸֧˻ҪϳʱϢ
ٶȣô
š
أ
š˽ܶࡣ
˽Ǻ£˵кܶһˣ촹˶ңҪ˶
״ص𣿡
Ȼ˵ҲҪûϵҰģһĶڻ͵ϣǼͬҪƫ
֣ص˵Բᡣ
šתҪȥ·ͻȻ뵽ʲôʵɱ֣
躵ͷɺܺá
šӦһֱȥ


248 
Ϊҽõļ룬ռӴ˶һӡӽɺûãӺ󷽾Ͷ˼ĶصĲ԰˵Ÿ߲ˣһЩĹϹ
ƺͻ±Ϊũÿ춼ڲ԰æ⣬԰żҲܴǸߴӰͻҽһʱǹŲõЦݣֻЦݳһʬϣԵúֺܹˡ
һӰڲ԰ڣǵӰļһֻɫĺӡ
Ӱҽæеũߣӭˣˣ
ΪԷ²ݸս븡ռˣÿҪܸĺȻ֮ҪܴڤڶɴĿֲ֮ҪսꪵǿѹҽöݵľηѴﵽ˶㡣
ݳĲ԰һۣҲżûͷôı仯
΢΢ͷ¿һۣǽ£ͳֵ߲ˮʱ䡣ԭֻǽһԣȴû뵽ôã߲ˮĺܿ죬ҲܺãҪǿ
ܴվڻҽ󣬲廰ǽܸɣ԰Ĺģأ
û뵽ҽõ̬Ѿƽ͵زЩοҲãܹԸ㡣ȻԺҪһµĹȣôͶҪǵǰǴһҸǴԴǼ֣ҪʳҲԼ㶨Ǿ൱ˡ
ǣҽõ˵ͷ֧֣ǳ泩ʼʱǻݹأ
ȻһƬطǵĻΧ⸡ռÿһضݵġҪݵ£ȻҪͨݵɡ⼸æͶӰûռ䣬Ϊ²޷þϵݣֻնˡ
ʵ˵ǵ۹ûû֧֡
˵Ժ⸡ռǵļңǲڷܣռӴ߶
ҽһϲѾǽˡ
ϲĲǽݣʵҲ㲻ʲôڿռÿһ߶ֲ뿪ռ䣬ʲôϲģ
ҽþϲΪ˵ݶǵ̬ת䡣
Ǹˡ
лл˵Ľ
ӢˣܴҲ޵
Ƴܴһۣҽǣʲô£
Ȼҵ£
ôˣ
ҡǡܴͦظҿǸռΰӳֲ˿ǾģһٶõıҵȻŸˣ
ݺͼϵСһۣ˴ҡҡͷҲȥҴ
ڻҽǰͰɣܳɾһԵҲһ׮¡
ֻܴʬҽˡ
ҡҡͷȥЩֻҪ˴మʲôϵ
˻ҽü䣬ݱӲ԰뿪ķȥ
ʱΧֶһһɵ
ǹ˾ɵġġ
Уʧȥ˹ģȻǹǹ˾ɣȻѾˡ
ݺСϸоһģ˽ĵһЩ졣ʵһУݾͻʹҲʹãСоʵΪоǻһЩ
˵ˣǵʵĿоɻ
ΪҪرٽˡ
ڵõرٵʱСͶ˵ݵ꾳ʱ˽ľˮԪ֮ܽرٵҶӳã̽ǻͷųʱݽӳرٵݵ˻굤ͨ굤ֶνرٵ֮Ϊһ壬رٵǼǻ
ݴʱоǻĵĹ죬Ϊ˸ر׼
ãҲ˰գ뿪ռ䣬Сڷﻤرٷǰ˫ϣǵ࣬ҲǸһƻ뱦֮С
ر۾·رһ꣬ʱҪǸ깵ͨһ㡣
ʵرٲûʲôꡣֻΪԼĽ״̬
һ̣ݵĸһŹ˸
ŹԽԽԽԽ㣬ԽԽŨ䣬ݺرٶڹâ֮С
âУݵĻ굤Ѿ˳ڿвͣתÿһתһǿĻע뱦֮Сٵ˸ŲͬĹâÿҶɢͬϢ
ҽ̹ӨӨұһ䣬ͬһ̳ĵߡÿҶΪսʼҵĶš
ǶԴݵĻ굤
굤ȻǵĹϵǱ˶
ڹâг⡢Ҵܣвֳʤݵͷ
ݾԭأȻ۾ǰһвŲʡ
ûãĹƼˣսƽϢǲսѲսΪǵľˡ
굤ڸʵԽԽ٣ĵĶԼ
ʱҲף굤ǵĹϵǴԭΪǵȵĸɾˣ굤ź֡
Ȼ굤ˣһֶصķʽ
һͬⲨӻ굤رɨȥ
رûκεķ
ңھҵĲÿһԪ֮Ϊɢһྻҡ
ͻȻһâ
ȹâٴɢʱһɫ
ݻ굤һɫ
ݶоǰرٺǰ̫һˡھﲻһˣȴ˵
֮ǲһˡ
Ϊǻ
ݵһȫͨԼǼǷǳ˷ܵġ
϶ģɻˡɻ㹻ʹܶɱˡԺԵʱһЩʱֶΡ
Сݸ磬ˡСͻȻ˹
ѾæرջظУƿ˳ȥ
Ժ棬Ӱ
ݿ첽ߵԺӿӭӣˡ
ɽѱƽ򵥵˵⼸֡
ݴ򵥵ļиܵİЩЩ˷Щ̿ЩʴӡʵڲᵽһôţƵز
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ңⳡսһ԰κַɱףСУˣ


峿ѩ׷ɡ
ʮҴͷᣬһ֧֧ڸԵĳɵĳͷۼȴսĳԹ󣬱ϴѨʻȥÿҴ󴬳200ʿε㳲ȥ2000ʿ
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壬ˡֶ룬Ը͹Ҷ˵һƣιȥ
תͷأǷ׷һˡ
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ƵѸԶȥ


251 еľԮ
ضǻɵһƬب֮ǰĻ硣
㳲ҹԵЩɪֵϰ࣬˼ҲϨ˵ƣѪյʿǶѾ뿪ˣǳҲһƽɱ֮
ʿѵӪУжһվڿյ1ѵϣңżҹĻ˼Ѷߵ˹ѺĴǰſעĺڶ
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ԱϣſأѺŴ򿪡
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תۼ䣬ʮֻӶԾΧ롣һɫ죬кѪսʿһļơ
еˣ룺ѵûҸղ˵Ļ𣿡
ȻˣȻһҲս״̬ûɢһ˿ɱ
ʱͻȻǰһϵͻȻþηǫеĽ
лûŪ״ʱҲ׷Ч£ȫеĽ¡֨֨ѽѽĽ
ֽжǷǳѺõ˼ϸԼʾõȥﾹԼ챻Լܵ
죬ﱻʹԳħٶʱͷųԳħ־η죬ǣʵûǰǷЩҲȺоǵڣ
嫺ص֣ȥţˡ
Ƕҵ˼ˣ𣿶Ծ͵ͷ
Ƿ׷׵ͷжشС
ǺãǰҸղź˵ĶߣǣһѨҲʱڸϣæ˹Ѻߵǰｻſء
ȷ˺ҪݵĶ࣬Ŵ򿪺ֻһȥǽ̸һʮ߱ȶС򣬵ͷɳΧ
û뵽ǣת˴Ĵָʾ㶨˼
סʹĳ嶯ѡԼߣǣ߱ǳɣ
УȵȣͻȻһϤŮӿ̨ϴ
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嵥ڻһţӿ̨ԾЦСΪʲôҪ
ϲð㲻ϲս𣿡ʵ޷ж֪Լļƻľ
ԣϲսҸϲսУһ룬ŵĹ»ҳԾ
ЦҾ֪ʾ뿪һֳûߡ
΢΢üûԭΪ˼ң
ߣ˵ĻҲǼ㣬ڵȴ㣡
оȵʵңʵ벻һֱŮ˻˵Ҫ
ͷɨһۣ㣬һȥѨ
Ϊʲô㲻һֱôң
ô᣿˶ǻġˣ߰ɣ
壬ܸøһɰɣȻηġ
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ɵдһϴεıѳ׹壬۷ˡע۾˫¶̹ͨ͸в⼤һů
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˿̣ҲϾڶŮ֮ϾֻǶļʾ˷л
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УȤĴ£ôܲң˵ǿ߰˸ͬˣһĺѡ
ҲҪȥв㲻Ǻ֪Υļƻ㲻ȥؾ״Ҫһȥ
ǿؿڴһȭ̫СܵˣǰĵЦڰǺҵĴ¡֪Լ竣ҿɲǸɵӣôǶѪսʿ϶츳ֵġܺѪѣҲǶ˽ȻȥҲҪǰѨǿ϶ԭԣֻҪһȥҲҪȥ
ǿתипǧһֱһ˴¶įķӡȻԴӺѪѪֵȼڷԼʵıеǰǸ׶ԼĿ࿴ƽԼΪѵֵܺŮҲԼı˿ܲп
Խ룬ԽսѪôϣսʵ뷨ӶıĿ
ǵĿǿһȺˣʵҲҪȥ
ǿüôУ㿴ôƲǣǸ棬ѵҲͶһˣǰҲǱƲģ㲻һز¶ôҸ㣬ҺȺֵȻ㣬ҲƽʱȺҲ˭ȥ
΢ЦǺã壬ǿλʿǣǾЭǰѨһϵδ˵Ĵս

ҹĻ£߱ϡδйʮֺ£ĽסегֱһۣϸֳһĨοЦݡ
Լ˵ĳǰԭΪֻԼһˡڣȴõǵУлǡ


֮£ããҹɫ캣ںΪһȺ߮ĺϣһɱ֮
ʮҴʻȺУÿҴ϶ɫѪţٲ֮ڣаԿսڵͷڴˣῴͷѪâҪŴʮ
ҹ紵ŴϸСѩ顣
۴ӺֽǶȥʱĸоܸܵ֡
ͷգĴ󺣣ǰаȺͷԶ·
Խ뵽ٵıжôҡ
໡Ѫţӭŷ緢һУڶԴϵʾЩʲô
ɵԶָǰĵ죬ų˷ܵЦݣѪһǣǰѨˣ
ս̧ͷڵĵͺɫĸɽϵ˷ЦݲͬսϵıһݵĻ档ֱսԸ
һˣϴ㿴ûУǰ浺ϵɫɽṳ̂ѨҾ͸ܵ˴ǺɽϴŨѨɣɽӦþ֮أս촽ţôˣôˣҵѨˣ
ϲһسףء
սǰһϺؽǰһָƵغȵ˵ʱ̼δΣҪԼȥգȫǰ̤ƽѨ
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ʮӺʮҴ½¹ʹεĹֻϡ״̬¼Ⱥսһ£ʿǸ߾ٻѣձڵĳȥ
ϵʱ󲿷ֶߵУһֵЩմӳ˯оѵѾܵŨɱıƽˡ
ʿһܼʼ˷㿳ɱ
Ѩʱҡ
һзͬ˷ڶ
ԶĽкͷϵѪ񼱺ۣƴóȫʹȻסԼûа취֪סĿ̵һ޷ܵĴ
ѨﴫѪʹÿһʹһѪХһ¶˾ģȻȼѪ顣
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Ѫ񻹲ǡѪɷûжֻбһҪƻôѪεʱȴҲںϣôѪͻݽ߶ʱ򣬼ûûѪѪǾˡ
໡Ѫ񰧽ţɫİ޽
ѪҽȵͬʱϵսҲԷǳҵĳ̶ȽšĵһҹϮԳصʧһ̵ѡսֿ֯ûսĴӴܡ
ͷսס¹֡ߡëϬȵʿֻϼûʿǵǰʿսҲȥôֻ࣬һ֡
ɱ
ҪնδӶ˵δ
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սҲʵ˫ץǱؽȺĿյأÿһжеķʸÿһεĽɥɽºλӵߣһʮ߳Ĵˣɷ裬ʿĴ٣ֳ䵱ǵıڡ
ɽսɵ̨սĴݲ£ңƵƵֻңڽڱˡ
գǳܲ˾޴Ӳƴѡӱܡǰ·ţֻĺɽȥܺɽǵ𣬵ܱ൶Ҫǿ
תۼ䣬Ѱϵ˺ɽ¡
Щǲһһýһָ˳޽ǵĳѾˡ
бųǹʢ˵Ļܱ࣬ģǵĿֻҪһţǾûʤ
ϴ˵ĶԣսͷŻ⣬صǰĺɽɽŸҪ߾裬Բи
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𡪡
սո֮ʱɽͻȻһ羪κ˰ŭ𣬷·춼һŭö¹ִӶѨзɳ˵ɽµҲΪŭɪɪ
ʿɫҲղŭĵＤһ־塣
룬Ǻεħܷ־춯صĺ
쿴


252 սħ
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ҵĸ죬ʲô
ԣԣԡÿһǾͻо֮΢΢һֲĸоƣӣӿȫȻһ޴Ӱ¹´Ӻɽ߳ߵİԵںǰľʯ赲ֱֱܾǰУľʯͬһ㱻ײ÷飬ҲĽ±ࡣ
ޱߵıϢϱ
𡪡ʿǵǰʮ۾ͬʱһʱһ˸ߵĻѸײڶ֮ƴʿС
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ըת˲ҷ
ţʿǻڴ֮ʱצ͵£һץסʮʿԼȥ
꣡
һĻʿһɫҰףͬǹͷ
⣡⡭ʲôħʿŴˣѾǶⷶΧ
սδ⡰ħ֣֪ʱ˿̣Ҫȫ˵Ǿ޿ܵģΨһİ취ħһս
սѣվڸߵأֵǲҪңţӦѨ֮ףɱʤǵģǲսңǵ֮أˣǵļ԰ͱȻᱻǴݻ٣
ˣκһˣʱη壡
еһ𡪡ɱ
սʱĹ£ʿǶָһЩģҲʶءսʤֻǣǵˣΪʳ
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ɽ£ҵŭ
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ɱ
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һħˣҪˡ
桱ѪΧһʻʢѪѾȷ죬ֻҪȥӣѪƵٺãҲûˡ
ѪŬҲֻǽסһ룬Իһ벻ĳšǰ֮ǰķڻ㣬Ѫ϶һڻ
ɶ񣡿㡭㰡ѪþŬ
ţããʡ
ɺڱҵ£һѩ鲻һСڵ캣֮䣬ӳѪ
ЩСڵѪԽԽֳǸԵ̬
һߣ߱ϣееľˣ
Ϊ׵һϣһһŮ
ڿѪӷ˷ܵĴ󺰡



ǹ
һ滨ĺը˳߳ĺӧǹĶߣڼͷϬ˼ʮսҲµܷɣûϬôء
·ƴɱżҴǹһʮϷ硣ȻҲϵĺáʹһȴûкһȷƴɱżץ׼µǹ²һȻָһԹڻ¡ڹֵڻ£ЩڿоӸ͸Ļͷ¹־ûôˡ
ǶѪսʿǧϣϰáǹõѧսж͵һ˸֮磬ԽսԽ£Ҳ൱ľˡеһ֮ǰĿλδļ̳ˡ
ͻȻ֣ս֮ǰ࣬ǰЩֱֻ֪ײϬãôһֻսȴʮ˵áɶȣԸоֻս׵ĲͬϵãֻսĵսѪĺѡ桱
һԳﰵصĵޱȣʩչɿڴֵɣµĺӣǹÿÿĵײоֱһ飬ĵսܲġ
ֻ֣սеЩʱˣѪҲ˵ﰵп࣬;浥ʮİʤھǴһȺУһ룬ʱʱһҪ͵Ϯºͷۡ
ȥ䲻ûܣľ޴
ӣ㣡δɽɽͻ˹һպն׼͵Ϯľǰ档淴Ӧ죬æı·תֱ죬Щˡ
˸֣Ȼѡıâսһ߷ȥ
¼æһֵĹңȥ
ಣɵһãǸ˸ա
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ǰвѪˡһѪֵȼǾܳΪѪսʿѪʿʵǿȻɽҲǷߵĵսס
ҧҧ֣ص˵һҪӮ˵ĳɳûĿ죬ϵü꣬ǾͲĶˣ
ڻǲǶֶ˵ˡħǿı̬ɽħһۣţȴû˵
𣡡
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ħԽԽǶѲҿħģǲٲսֻǶһԹսսľƣħ
սһҹɫſħӡ
ħɣʮɣţɫ޽ǣټ徹Ȼֻһֻ֧šȻֻһֻţȴҲУߣ·ֻ»żֻšħܴһſѬ죬ܲǱǿףǼʮһ۾һֻ۾ĶСʱЩ۾ʮצӣЩצӵص㶼Ǹϸצƴһצӱͬʱץסʮࡣ
ħսһҹҲ˽⣬ħҪֶʮצץȻ˺ҧپħŭסС˵һʱʧ񣬸ˣͷ۵ҲħĹֶΣķ
ħս״̬ʱȫƬӲᣬ˴˵ķ϶ҲСԶһӲޱȵס׵䲻һѪսʿսؽҲ޷ơ
˶ԣķ˵ġ
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ħڲϵѪаħ֮ûɣгһɣʵһɳ죬ɹѡ
սʿɧţѰһ۾ҶעⰲȫˣרĺսʱսԶվڶǰ档˿ħ£ʿǷʩ
ħŵб£ע⵽սսʱֻצԼٶȴսץȥ
ɽۼ⣬˶ߣɫ԰׵ĺСģ
ɽüʱսķӦҲ졣Ѹ¶ףڵһħ͵ϮսһѪսʿ֮ǰ˿ѸһԾ˫ִؽڰ͵һɨ滮ħצϸϸĸħֻצն
սȻħףȴնûбƬװסצӡռ˱̰֮սϵĴħܳȥ
𣡡
һٴħնֻצӣŭ۾Ѫ죬ͷųıϢŨأÿһøӷ͡
ħ³ͻȻһԾˡټȻֱУϰ˻ѹ
ţʮ۾һһյʹİ
ŷħսĺëܣԼʿɨһۡһҹʱǧˣѾˣοвˡ
ͻȻ䣬һʧ䡢εĸоӿսͷ
ս˫ۣ˿۾ٴʱᶨĹ⡣
סؽֺݺһħȥʤкĿȥҪôҪôս
֣żڻңսٶȣԾһŴȻħͷ͵˹ȥ˫־ٽħı۾͵ؿȥ
һ̣˵սǵ֮
սҲץסʱħעסʱ򣬲ŷȥΪľһն۾ϡ
սѾ϶۾ħѨ
ҲţƾԼһѪսʿȻնħħצôҲܴϹħ۾ֻҪħ˿Ϲӣս֯ȴħĹΧڳ룬ħŭ裬ȵħĵĲˣ취ɱ
ս⿴Ƴ嶯ȡ壬ʵһϸС
Ȼ鲢ûаսչȥħЩĴڣֻעնצӵսսͬʱ͵ſ죬һ޺
𡪡
һ޺ħΧľҡҷ֦۶ϣ˶̲סס˶䡣ɴ˿󣬴ʱħսóܶĴ
һɲǣսͫ׶ʧȥɫһпؽɵһΪսҲصˤȥ
һ̣սԴˡͣ죬ѾǰҲơҲսеˣħ˽һ͵Ƶˡ
սȻûħֱӻɱûΣաħΪצ֮УһҪսʧȥģͬһƮҶħѸצսץȥκ˶뵽սħץס³Ǳضᱻħͽķ顣
ºɽһȺڵ½ǵź

ʱƺ˺ͬźɫշġڳֻղųƺսΪֵ⣬˭أ
»û˼бɹһѤõӰӰŻĹβԼٶ߻һ档սպһͷűߣħ˸ա
ţڻ֮ʮӰ˹
˶գɴ۾
ǿǸǻӰѪ񣡶Ѫ񱳺ģк壡סѪѾûˣסצӵε棬Ѫ񷢻ӲķٶȡˣѪٶҲ̾Ϊֹǰһ̣սΧʲôûСתۼ䣬Ѫ˷˹սס
кѪ񱳺գɹһߣ߱ϲǿԼѵӪѧԱ
ǡǼԦɹģ
˾ˡ
Ѫϣвסսսˤǵʵô
սֻòĿ⿴к壬ִֵغţûлش
ѪСУ㸸һʱˣ˵ȥϢ
ãǶԸħɣ
ѪһٵػתԸһֵĸ߶ȽˣºսսϷѪַա
гµ˴ҲҪħӲƴܶ㣡


253 ʤһ
ʣħ
ħΪаħ֮ȡѪ飬Ѩ֮ǻħǲк˵ףмԦѪϿջͷɣҲҪٺɱˣһԸħɣħǶ군
ԣȫ˵Ļסˡ
һ̣ѪɵǵϿգһСţһܷɵǵصģħߡ
ʱħ˽
ѪϣǿĻҲһߣӸµĸħ
һټĻħֻս״ǲû˶ɢȻħϿ
ϣȭͷݺһ󣬴ҵظԹԣҿˣЩѾˣһԸħ
ɽ˵ͷŴ󵶣ֶ̾ηǷѵӪǿҲ˶顣
ʱսĶתЩԼպɽ̸Ȼһֱ֪ǰʲô
еһУҲò𾪡
δӡҲû뵽龹Ȼӡ󣬾Ȼһаħħˣ֪䣬ںħսĹУ˺Ȼˡ
˺ǲĳУھȻˣ
սԼ޷š
һУȴƫƫˡս۾ĺ֪Щʲô
壬𹥣۾ǿߵٶûѪ죬Զ㣬עⰲȫмԦѪħͳƵİһƴӣָս
٣УСǣЩֵϲˡȻУͶȴһѺ֡ǿ
еͶǵҲ˺
ǿԵͬǶһۣЦЦвУʱ֪ˣܺԼɣ
ǿгҲ˵¼ԦѪħɹȥڿ쿿ħʱѪһת䣬ħֳħıӴȥһ̫ħȻҲ̧ͷһã㽫⵱ͷһ˹ȥֻǸպʱеġСಡһ죬һ̼ͳħ˹ȥ
꣡ħ۾
ãúãúãϵŵעħսһУʱ˷ܵźе׽ɸǾһһš
𣡡оġССöצħֳϹ֮࣬ħʹŭһٴηŭ
ɻݲħǿһȺ˷׷׶ħ۾ͱͶһȭͷСӡȺͶĺ׼һСӶħ沿һըҺ弫ȸʴԣʴջħ۾ͱӡ
ħʹ಻һĹĴɲС
ǿǵ飬˴ĴָЦǿҲǸز¶ļһ
ããǶֵܣĶͬѪȻӢۣǿȻǸ˿һܷļһ͵Ϯħ˰ᣬͰԼӢˡ
𣡣
ħǳױŭˣԴͣҡΣƺʹ˦ͷſ죬տХš
һװľ޺ͬһֱգſ·Ťһε£ﶼܴ
һֻЩǿ˵ߣѪһʱʧأڿ͵һ͡
ħʮ۾ûȫٵһЩѪͷһ˦ֱͷѪײȥ
飡
ħͷײѪϵϣӲİײ顣кֻоȫһ˴ײɳȥ
һײǷͬСɣкѪײԶһ׹ǣ뺣еļơмԦо飬ǽرסѪĲӣһʱţ֣ڰеȥڴѪײɵǿɽһֱĸţס壬ˤܵ˺
ˣ
кѪ׷ˮУɸߵˮ
иһˮ͸оˮϵ͡ӺͶȥͷĿͣϢħݺһײбһѵĸоˮУ
ѪҲһסȻײˣ˸أצϵûܱ򿪡ħһײֱײϣЩѪɳ
кѪ񣬾ĳȥ
ʱвеᵽԼħľ޴ࡣ
ħ˵ȺȴȻ۰Ե졣кѪֻܵһײͱɥ
ȽȥˮԽԽ࣬ҲԽܣнѪĲӡ¶ģҲҪѪһ
ˣ
һˮĴжܵһˮǱι
һᣬˮ֮˾ͽнرȻȥ
ϤϵζǸ
ϰս£ƽڵϡȴҪߴսСд
ض˵սתٴԾ
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䣬顣סѪצӵҲˡˣѪȫ
û뵽սҪɱѪ񣬶Ϊնܵһš
вʵǡ
ս󵶻ɽתȥǰ£ޱĳĬãȻųһĨǸ΢Ц˵ĶԡǸ̫ƫ̫ˡѪѣҲεİ㣬Ҳ

ս΢΢һЦ֣еļϣѪϵȫ⿪ٶȽܾޡΪڻѪħһսɣ
лվѸٳѪȥ
Ѫûãչȶ
һԾ𣬰Ѫϣغȵɰɣ
ʱѴ׷׵ѩӳѩסͬһѩֽ£кѪʡж±ìбڱͦ
һ̵У˵ӥޣ衣ɣҲܸܵһ˫Ĺ⡣
ɽĵ˵ͷԼٶȷеѪ޵˽ܣǵһڲµţӵǰ;
źӣǹҲ˶еľ塣ǰȴ¡ҲòϣǿҰٱ
սؽϣһѳǹǹħȥȱ˵ЩҽħڻӸ£ֻ˵ħ
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ֻǣκ˶ڣɳ˴ĵħ⣬ܽ򵹡෴ħΪۡȻܱ
ħϿһóìһáСŻղŵһύ棬Ϲħֻ۾
̾ȥǰ취ħʣ۾úܣҺҳˡοħĴݻ޴ǻûа꾡Լʧɥʧսˡ
ѪˣħȫԵʱаħ֮ͽɡʱأܡ˵ΣȺǶѪ½Ҳпܵģʱǻˣ
еͷᶨ˵սֻʤܰܣ
δزʤֻҪҵȫףǾҲûʹ
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ɣһǧףѪΪеˣСУһɶûףҪɣ


254 һУѪң
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˵˭˵׼ͿƳҵ赲Ѫ½ȥ˶أʱѾɳΪһǿߣͿأ
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ҹδ롣


256 ȴ
Ҳ˵ռ籩й˶ãЩһ籩еʱ˶ã֮Ѫ½ǹȥ
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ץˣǼٻѵӪվѪϵͬ˵תͷסѪĲӣһֻȻķڱԷļԦǰǧٱѾﵽһ壬ľ硣ԣܷн̹١
ȻļúһѽۣļУУŷж鷵ʿѵӪ䡣
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̯֣ɿȥС㵱ˡ
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Ը˰ɡ
ˣˣǻȥɣΣԲ绹࡭

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磡磡
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Է˺սҲȭһۣλڵӵǾλӻҶˣ
֪ǴµһɵĴսҲࡣϾããɹǾһõ㣬ıǲ˵ġõҪɹããжѡ
ˣϴɣͨʹﶫѪҪʮ죬µĴѱʦ󷨣ֻ߶ʮһ졣ʱȻ˲٣Եץ
Էߴ٣æǡԵƬ̣˸𡣡
ţյȺ򡣡
תͱԼһһɨһۣĿսɽ¡աǿ϶ԶͣǱֿЦݡ
죬ҪԶˣһȥδ֪İĴ½ˡ
бۣľ
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һĻ˲̣ЩˡЩŮӣ
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սͷ˿ǰһץסе֣֣ص˵ж־ķҲѡ񡣵ȻѾѡ˳ȥһҪսĺöӣеӢۣ
Ҳץסս֣׳־˵´λʱҶκˣƾԼɹ
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໡մһö̧ͷȥѪĴ£ͷΪͱ
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аѪԴڻֵĸ
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ֽĺѪӵһᣬ̽ͷǻӻ֣뿪ǺһҪӺദ
໣Ƿɫ׷״ӦС
ڣڵںȲ裬ⷢһжǿһ˶豭Ȼʦ֣ᣬ⵺ȴһߣ˻ᣬǲ
ⵯ֮ؽкѣʦȥ׳٣ǮΪ֮ôʹ½ϵ˱֮Ҫö࣬ҲȻױ۷
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Ǻ㣬ʦ˼ܰյסˡ
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257 
뿪ͷԽԽԽԽԶȻԼٶԶʻȥѸٱһڵ㣬Ҳĺɳ
վڴͷɳԼʮأпޡ
̤Ѫ½أ֮ˣȴһЩĪź
֮ʱһû͡
壬㻹ҵɣҲ£ҲѣΪβԸһأšֻ֪ϴǰһһУϴһһЦǸŮ
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У˴ٶȺܿ죬ѿˣȲɣ˺
ٴĳҵķһۣȻת߽ա
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ŶԷҽܵĻᣬϸ۲ǰλڵӡ
ʦƺȻüƤ𪣬òɵʤŮңоֹȴ֮ʮ㣬ڸյ֡ʦܺüӢˣǳǳǳ΢Цһϸı߳ͷһأΨơ仹ûѪ½ʲôӣѶ϶˱Ǵ½һĴš
Ȼ֣֡һһȭʩ񣬼̶ʵԭʦʦǵڵɣ
ƺȻͺһЦҡҡͷƺȻʦɳϡ
оʦĪֶζǵж
ƺȻЦϵܻȤúܣºȲ衣
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죬кƺȻ̸Ϊ졣ǫ顢̹ϣƺȻҲǫзȵˣ˫ֻһƣͳɢκκ蹵Ե
֪˺ܶѪ½ϢЩϢǶõģҲҪ˽ġȻȵѪ½ƺȻͺˣɽ˽ǣһ֪ˡ
вŹκһ֪Ļᡣ
е֪Ѫ½ڽ϶ʱѪӵ۹ϻͳ½Ǵ½֮ʵʵ˵۶ڵһݻڵ۹ݿռˡЩ󲿷Ϊ
Щ֮УڡɷѪ򡱺͡Ѫǹšͷռе࣬ĴСҲͬŵ۹ءͷɣǵµһ˵ġ̫Ľ̡ȴмأҲţµ͵˭Ҳ֪ǰЩʲô
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ΪڶʮǰšӴ˾Ÿص䷨ʧʮѪǹѸͽѧѪǹ˽֪ɾѪǹ޵УѪǹųΪһľͷҲѧʥһ
֪˴½ƣжƺȻͺǹĿ࿴ˡڴ½ռ˴ĵλɳϵĵմӣ˵ûһӣҲֻȴ¶ݵһ֮ҲûֻƬĲͣɼһߡ
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֣һԣҵǺ棬¾жѪѪɷ
ҡҡͷ̾ҾͿˡѪѪɷǧ֮вųһʱšֻ˵кܶһӣѵÿѪѪɷһۡ
ȻѪԼ˵Ļ޳Ѫɷ󣬳ֻת˵ƺܲⷬĺأҪ졣
ѯʲôʱƺȻͻȻüͷһ壬ʹ˸ɫҲƺоʲôæվ
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Ҵʦ󷨣ΪѸ٣ʲôܸϣ
ƺȻͷɣȴ֣ص˵Щʵߣǳȥ˭ҷϡ
˳ֻһұ֮屶ĴԼٶʻǴɫһзǯڰӭչ
ԭǺƺȻ
гзǯһۣ⺣ΪҪзǯͼ
ƺȻĴָȥ㿴ûУԷǸ߸
˳ƺȻָȥǸ˸߳һĴ߸Ǹ²һϰззԴǯӣ°ȴǺһֻţȥͼΪֲ
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ƺȻͷԷϣз⣬ֹ࣬зǯ죬ɼзȺͷзİΣϻıŷѪΪСгɾ͡
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ǫ飬Է˶ڣǿ³ԿǺ裬Ϊ˴ٶȣЩС֮Ī׷ϴ˴ģǾС
гзԵɨһۣȻ˶࣬з⣬ĶֵһᡣǶʮ棬һûɣ֣ҲδزǶ֡
ƺȻ˵û뵽˺ãôԶȻܿǵΪ
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ˣҲòźӲƴӮСǴ󡣵ʱǵ÷ȥտ㡣
δҪǱ
ƺȻҡҡͷУ֪飬һĻ־ЩȭšˡֱԣСٺãҲֻǵ½߲ͬ½ص䷱࣬߶ǿصΪֻѧõģҲεġҺͺʦ񰮣ڵ֮ǵؼص䣬Ǽĸ֡룬ǶԸսҲͱˡȵѪ½ʶĶˣ±֪أʲôʱôʲôʱ򲻸ôˡ
дСһֱСֱʮʱһ˺ŵõ˵ӡС䳰ȷежͬһ㣬ɲ˿Ӱ졣֪ƺȻͺʵԼǣֻǲ˵ѡ
Ŀ̿ѲǵǸɱħʱˡ
պãƺȻĻᵽ˵ؼص䣬Լ켶ص䣬˵ȤƺȻֽѵĺạ́ؼصʲôУ˵켶ص䣬켶صʲô
ƺȻ̵̬ܽȺ⣬Ľ͵ѪսѪʦΪƶĵȼ뾳磬ѧصҲһص䣬Ϊ죬أĸȼƼصΪͨص䣬ȻϰûƼصܱûصҪǿص䣬ǾǷǳصˡõص䣬õ챦ص䣬Ҳǹɽؼص䣬ǿ󣬾иɵйĲƸҲδлԵ򵽣صһЩɵ֮ϰõؼصˣһеĵ·϶ɾ͡ҺͺҲã˵ڣֱʦУΪմӣܻ˻
˵ƺȻȴ˵ȥˣæʵأ켶صأ
ƺȻһЦ³켶ص䡭ⱲҲϰãǿһۣ˵ؼصһЩɵ֮켶صѧʥص֮ˡ֮ɵѧֻѧޱˣ켶ص䣬ܲΪһ̫Ʈ죬д˴컯Եˣ붼롣ʮǰڽţǰڵģǣֻˮġΪľǾŵ켶ص䡶ǧԲȭһս󣬼ʬ嵹ھŵϣҲ̶áǧԲȭȴ·ʧһҵʮ궼ûҵ켶صġ
˵棬ûƺȻ˵ˣǾ̾ѡδ뵽ԼѪϰõص䣬Ȼ켶ص䣡
Ҳû뵽켶صȻ˸ѧ
ؼصµһɵĳϵĵմ˷Ժˣõģȴ켶ص䣡
Ѫ½õıȻһ֮˵У
˷ܣǵǡ
˷ܵԼȻ֮ˣ㲢ȴ½ҪͣȺܶ˶Ҫߡһ켶صǼļȻõȫɡ룬ԼѧѪġ󷨡᲻Ҳ켶ص䣿ѪʦǺηʥȻ˶켶صѨУ
ͬʱҲǣϾŵδػڣֻǻˮ̫࣬Եڣø³֪Լʵȣ֪ѧѧ켶ص䣬ǻΪ˲Ķ
һ̣аһܰصеĹѧڴ½ʩչԺԼ㹻ʵ˵صպģҲĹѧϰѧǰУáǹˡѰǹ¯࣬Խӳ
˼УĺͷĺģʻҲзݰͷºι㲻ɣǿͣвзһǹȻǾɱˣ
ƺȻҲ𻰣Ŀг˺⣬ʦܣ۾ں˭˵
ϣ
һ㱳ĳʶ𣬶ʱʮɵĸ߿գٶ֮죬һֱâ
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ɫȻһ䣬зһԳԴɵϴ󣬾Ȼ˵˻ڣ


258 
ƺȻзгɱ⣬ûǵڡʦܵ彣
ǾǵڵʲôˣȻǵ彣
ߣƺȻһȨҲʲôݣѵһ΢ĵӣЩСආܹ۸𣿡
ԱϣƺȻ˫ַڱչֳеƣҷҵߣɣзţվһ۽һսӮΣպڱؽϾɱ
ƺȻȻ΢΢һЦߺߣŲţ
˫϶һѹֵĳĬ
ãϴзĴЦй棬еȻǵڵѣȻҪˡʲôھ֤ͨðˣðˣλʹ˱ˡҵȾȥˣ
ƺȻȭ˵㡣
ߣзһǺٴμ٣֮ʻ
ϣ㵥һУʡ
зʺ뿪̲ס޵Ǻϣðڵλ̨ԣ
ǵȻƺȻԶȥĺɫأҲɵӣȻǾӮҲܾˡ
ΪΣ
зһ뻯ˣ˵˻ղڴЦ֮ʱѪȣѾһѪսĸˣ
ѪսƺȻ֣ǵΪ
ƺȻһۣͷƺȻԺ˵ʦֵܶѪʦһѪսѪΪǴף
ƺȻпõ޷εĽȷнʱ׵ѪʦͬʱҲһѪսĵӴ÷ǳãǱޡ
ʵΪֻ´򲻹𣿡
ɺԲ綼Ϊʮףһ޴ĲΡһ׺ʹײ಻󣬵һĽףʹˡ֮Ĵ߽ףʮףһʵͻҪԸзѪսѪǵ߽ײСȻɵѧзҲʤǿǣһзȻΪض»аڡڱ˵ĵ̣ƴɱǳԿġңǻտ㡭ǴӦʦһҪȫ͵Ѫ½û˼ҵĳ塣
ԣܲͲɣƺȻתȥ
߹еļ΢Ц󣬽Ⱦưɣ
롣еͷƺȻĿⳤԶǸˡ롣


ֺֻ졣֮ǰ죬˵Ľ̸Ҫٺܶˡ
ƺȻͺһˣҪʮ죬⻹ֻǺϵг̡ǵһ˵ҲһͼʶḶ́ԲиǺĵòˣ㿪ʼ
ڴѪֻżڲɫΪʵҲǰ
ҪأƺȻͺһֱСΪһç򣬲ȥʱϺȡһʼû˵Ѳýˡ˿ʵеʵǻҪǿǾ̫ûˡ
ڱ˵ĴϣЩò˼ɵ
ǰǶѪսѪξѪʦѰ켶صɣֲи󷨡ǸܶݵḶ́Ժܶ߶Զ̫ı仯ӵ켶ص˵㹻ܶණˡΪʲôӣֻԼ֪
ϡܵӼ˿˿⣬߽աƺȻͺ㻹רעҲţ߽ԼĲ˯ˡ
һоܶݣ۾һһĹ۾Լƿȥ֪ԼԭǱѵġ
·߳⣬ƺȻͺվڴͷ
ʲôˣǰʵ
ĿŲԶ鲻ãǰҴˡ
к˲磬ұٵĴȥǺԶ壬Ҳϵ˴˵
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죡㣡Ѷȫᵽȥ
ںĴӵ£һ߸Ӵ˳е˶һ
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зҡǯӣߵͷʬǰôǯӼһʬ壬ȥȵЩʬһͳͳӽι㣡
ҪҪ

ʲô
ڴͷʮ֪ԼҪԵ˺󣬷׷ױ¶ԣп޵ģĵģвġ
зǲǰǯһӣ˼أѪʱȪһĻ˶ٳˡ
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зǯָһŵˣȵ˵ô鱦ô鱦ϺУôĸֶûУ
˴һʿñҲйʿʣ˵ǡʵҴ׶飬ϵĽ鱦Ǽױ
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зŭһöӴӴڴ
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Ϊ׵Ůӣǹŵ˶ǴʧɫʿɫǲҰףһƨ̱ϣС㣡С㰡úöţΪλҪѰ
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졪ҵȲˣҪǾҲ԰

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У嶯ƺȻ
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ֻǮһתԺűQһͷЦЦס˵ķ䣬⺣ϣѵŮ˵ķ䣿
εһЦ֪ǮڱԼԴǮ֪ҪͬȥѪ½󣬾һ·ϺúдҲı֮ˡУǷǳĿ

вŸոףž˵ŮӱһЩˮ͵Ľˡ
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ϣССҶ˯ڴϣֻǵؿڵλã¶Խ׹⻬ļ򡣴βµ·
Сڸůѡ


261 ˮ
ůůѣлǵһμ棬ֱЩԲ
԰¶ȵͣҹ䣬Ȱѱůˣ˯ʱˡ
СҶѣͷ˿Ѿůˣ˯ˡԱϣŲŲС֮ճһ˵ľ˯м䡣
ңң˯м䣡ָԼıӡ
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䣡ڷ·һŻͻȻȼһůʱȫ޲ϴȥָԼĵ⣬Լǡ
նһͻϡ
սʤзõĵãɫͷһѵȻûԹڵļҲǸζȴ֪ǷǱ˵ıé®κ¶ҪСĽ
˼ڻ˯ҡҳԵġ
ȳ԰ɣǻһֱůš
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СҶԭأһ޹ı飬ҪҴҾ͹
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Աܵؿ·һһǣĿҲǷԱܵĳЩλƳ˼ۡ
ŮߺڷתȦеƣɢڵĻȡƽЩˣ濿ڴϣ۾
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ֻʣЦЦڷؿŹϵš
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ΪٶȿԵʣలµϺҹѪ½ֽһڣкʹϵǻĸˡ棬ЦЦξٰߵЦЦΪҪöĵξٰԣѧ顣
ѵ֪ξٰһѪսѪǹšѪǹһӣһƹ˵ľ٣ʹһֺǹиоõξٰǸµĺӣ˽ԸҰ
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һ˳ѪϢ˷һ䣬һ߹иҿ϶ǷǴ߹λɢġ
Ѫ壬ڸ߹Ѱһ󣬲ûзʲôɵĵطǰѸ߹ƿڵϸ۲졣߹ƿ󣬵Ȼ˺ܶҳнҳǿ֣ذһԲεķš
üԲȦôԲȦİȥûʲôӦеĸоȴԲȦ档
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ж˵ԥؽӿȥ׼ҲݻʽĽһӱݽ˵ذ
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ڵ˵൱Σգһ룬ͻΪ񾭴ҶɷӣǾֱܴȥ
ʱ˿̣еĴѺôҲʧȥá
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໣һаһͷͨɫ˫Ѫ޴Ӻڰбĳͳȥ
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Ѫѡܾһ֣ʹвѪС桱һС桱
桱ʵʵڵջٺܶʡ桱ȴǶκʶɲ𺦵ļٻּٻɢڰ⣬;ȼѪ飬ѪרɱֶΡ֪ԷֶȫѪ󷨻ٻޣǶѪͷųѪֱá桱
ںڰţ˷ӡ
ɲǼ䣬桱ǡа찵ޡ𣬻ɢ˷еĺڰ÷ָ֮ǰ龰
ʱвſһһСĺɫβڷҴܡ
ԭǶԷĿ
ȻȻһѪ̬ڵĹ
˭ΪʲôҪңʵ


262 еļƻ
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ξٰԳճյؿУվӣĿ⾼бȭ͵˵ȻǷǷˣȴģ벻ʵͷξٰԶ㾴֮


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263 ᴬ
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ԶһѡȻԣ˸գǡǡѹסеǹСչᡱֻ£򣬵ͷ­׶֮ɫȫȥʵ
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潣Ѫʦֻʲôأһֱ棬ͺսȻнƣһףǹǿͿʹúʩչѧҲô۸Ӹļʶ
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ΪҪӣͻȻ͵ؽѪǹڼװϣ˫ȭͷ͵ظһȣʱһǿѪڱŷ

ſ죬³һԲεСڵ㡣Сڵ˲󣬱һɫ͸򣬽СںԼٶȳɳţš
ƺȻͺѪõϵʱٴһͣƣĹ⣬ɢ
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𣿿㻹ûӮңƺȻҧ
ϵˣƤϣҲã̶ʩչѪƺȻͺ㲻ֶԸҶʹĺУҲٱʵһоʤ
ϾƺȻͺϣҲԲ׼ǷʲôֶΣԽսԽ
𣬴ֻͬʻڿ级֮Уҡڡ
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Ǳ桱յѪ齫ܵش߽׵ľҪʱˡ
ƺȻѸٵһ¯кݺһס
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⾹һѪǿ󷨱


264 һķ
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ǲ䣬Լһʱȴòʲôֶľ¯ʵ̫иоȫֽ·һϸС߸סһʮѡ
ڽ취֮ʱзֻһ͵ڴ̼ԼظͻȻ¶ѻͷų
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ƺȻͺʱںڰ֮УǵԺߣȫѻĽʱǣݲǵľѪ顣ѪʩչĵһѪ
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ԭʮ㣬ͰξٰԼƺȻʱͰӰξٰҲһֱԱ߹ս
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ֻƺȻͺҲǸӵ׽ˡ
Сϣ˶ܣʦҪʲô£
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ƺȻͺʶѹʱѱҶС֮С
λ̨оôҶСͦʰɣվǰЦЦĿˡ
ƺȻŭȵУʲôΪʲôǣ
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Աϣ㣬Ǹε˵֣Ϊ˵ҪһЩұ㡣Ȼʦֵܣί㣬ɣ
ƺȻķŭγĶԱȣΪЦ
һսܣǱסȴ¶ЦݣҸɴˬ˵ϵܣһսʹ죬Ұܵķڷ˺һǱгһգһԽǹʱ˭ʤ˭ǲ˵ġ
ã㱧ȭʱһ㵽ס
ϵܣҵȴǲסʦֵȻκ㲻ã˵ڵıڲŹġ
λˡҲûҪλ˼ֻҪλҶСϴϼ죬ƷһԼµĶκλͨѪʦסȴסѪ飬ֻȿסλķʡǲʵ
У㡭ƺȻ˵ԶԣԷۣҡͷЦ
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һ֮ǰǾ仰ֻ֮һСìܣҲֻΪԵ£ҶԵڲûκεĿ
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ʩ΢ЦȻˣİɣÿ춼ΪλʳϢˡλƽˣλϴʱ
ߺ󣬺ЦȻʦְҵķ˶ߣһθͷԴ˰õʦֵ֪ˣʦĸ飿
ƺȻ۾ͷ̾ʦܰĺţԽԽ²͸ʦ뷨ˡҪǽиʲôڻɣл᲻ǵһʦܣ
һ㶣æʦ֣˼ǣ
ƺȻЦ룬ʦʮûͽˡ
пܣпܰʦ˵ûµȷûô򵥣ʦҪȴǰȥˣеȷ
ߺߣ˵ڣʦǶһð֡


ЦЦС㣬ҹϢĺ𣿡
峿һ߳գ㿴ڴͷЦЦЦЦϮ׵磬ֻǳıӰһۣ;ˬĿƺˡ
ЦЦת΢΢һףʩ񡣡ĸҹ˯ĺ㡣
ЦЦС˵΢ЦǰһЦЦվ
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ȻôлңôӦһ¡
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ЦЦʵҪҴӦʲôأ
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ЦЦ˵ͷҲξٴˣͷɣ
ξٰԥתת飬ŵһ㣬ξٰԴؿǡϺУѪ½кü·̡Щ㶼һӡⲶ׽ɱ¾㲻û鷳һ·Ͼأٵ鷳;ٵ鷳˵أ
ξٰԱ˵ЦһͰ𣿻ЦЦС˫˫ôξٰ̰ԵĴʵ˵ʵһ治ΪԣֻǱ̬һӣܷ߹ʺ顣׻˵úãѲк󸣡뿴ûСˣˣ
лξٰԴˡ˫Ž𣬻ߵߣ˳ȥǽؼҰɣ
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ְһͰ㶼ˡ
صУЦЦ΢ЦУϴΣ㲻ɱЩΣЩ֮ġ
ܲɱ¾Ͳɱ¾ֻǵ˵
ξٰԳЦЦһۣЩ죬ЦЦС㣬ʶЩӣǵһοЦ
ЦЦξٰ¶һǳǳЦݣоһ˿ˣ˵ЩɣǷĵǸеġɣ˵һɹĶʧȥɶţǱܡ
֪ЦЦֱ£æתƻ⣬ʵξٰԴˣ㿪ʼ˵顣Ǹʲô⣿


265 ǹ
ᵽ顯֣ξٰˣ飬Ǹñ
θ÷
ξٰϸֳ֣µı飬渵֮УһֽݵıֱûַԻǧꡣǧʱݻ³һӣ̺˱ǧ¾Ӫֵ൱ḻΰٲ֮˸ž޴İ
֮о޴İȤæʵʲô
ǣߵĹͷõĸ죡һѪսصѪǹŵص䡣ʵصѾܲˣҲǵѪǹʸõġǣ֮ˣĸԼǿأصȻѾܺˣͨؼصĹͷҪܶ࣬켶صǾ͸˵ˡҵѪǹͳ죬ûʸõؼص䣬ҵõ飬͵ǵõǵ켶ص䣡ֵȼص䣬ֻҪ̲ǹͷܸ켶صӡ˵òã
е˵ͷпһ˵黹Ȼġ
ξٰԴЦ˵ȫԼûȻûбһ˿ϣģ͵ˡʮǰһѪɷѰ궼һѪɷǺεͨĸ˰궼ûҵҾ͸ˡ
⵹һҲ˵ˣ뿴Լû˵ǷǳҪġѪɷѰұֶΣȴûּҲȻǺǡ飬󰡣
̾Уб¶˶Ŀ֮ġ
켶ص֣⡢ƤĤͨ켶صɵģν˼¡ͷ˵켶ص䣬һƼص䶼ûСǺܱģǰѾþ޴ļˣҪѵѣ֪ٺ½ԵеɳǺȻıȤˡ
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һɾ⡢ƤĤͷˡ̣Ǳˡ
ȻҲֻѣûŲʵʵΡ
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ξٰⷬ˵ļΪɴࡢȫǷеȥȴΪϡ
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һ٣ξٰԼŵʵѪǹźѡѪǹǾܻʵʵڿ͸ҹ֪ȻǸѪʦԡǵѪǹͳ죬ҲеȣԿ䣬Ѫǹ´ɣµһǹѪǹѪǹŻúáԵÿǲƸλص䡢ȱˣ
΢ЦˣѪǹţ
ξٰԱȭ֣ص˵ˡֱԡѪǹѷǵĬĬŵСɡѪǹţгΪµһɵơ㿴µһɵڣѪǹǶĵжԣȴҲѪǹûа취ԣҪѪǹҲһ򵥵¡
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šг˼һ󣬻˵ξٰԴˣһ¹ϵشһúúÿǡ
ҹ͵ӴսһֽǰСϣǺ͵ڽˡǵڴŵµĻӣеĶĶ£ȲѪǹŵ䡭
дξٰԵĻξٰԴԡڹɺ͵ڵҲ֪Ҳûк͵ڽӡҹһսȫһд轻ƺȻͺȻ߰ЩҲǹ˽ˣҼƽϵġ벻ɣ˳Ȼɣ
ԱϣξٰԱȭ񣬳Ͽҵ˵лξٰԴ˺ˣ
ξٰȻ£УҲǸˬˣоܾ㲻ٶ˵ʲôȭЦǽˣҺôҲһͳ˵ڵطҲеӣԺʲôҪң
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ʹ죡ʹ죡ϵܣߣǺȾȥȻզأƵζȴǲҹҷһҳʮ̳Щˣ
ãȾȥкξٰԻż򴬲ȥ
̸뿪ЦЦ΢üҲ߽˴ա
;УʵξٰȰ˵ɵʱҵĿЩΪҲڴѪǹأѵȥˣѪǹžͲôį𣿡
ЦЦһ̾


ںʻҹ
磬ԸƺȻͺȥʳ󣬻صպξٰԡǮ˺Ȼֻദ˼죬ұ˴˶Ǣˡ
һˣСЦЦξٰ⣬ĶŵɫǮᣬһٳ״ӡÿһʱҪһΣϣүܱƽƽĵ½;вҪٳʲô״ˡ
ԸΥƫƫʲôʲô
ͻȻ裬˷籩
Уڵֿһ籩µ״ֳˡ
һײͷʮȽǣЩƷţһӰӺбĳ䵽˼װϡ
е˳ȥһʱһ
ǮǲҰס
ЩϼװģһȺϺ
ɱȻÿﶼЩϺѰģ
ϺззˣϺȻˡ
ɱģһսҪʼˡ
꣬ս
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裬ˢŴͷѪϺһѪɲǼˮںһ
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ǹҲϾǸѪʦѪʦҲȲѪսġͬԺ󽣷ҲԶΪµһһͬ츳ͬڷܵýѪսҵĽ³ˡ
ƺȻͷ˻еǹϾǸѪʦҪѪеģǹ޷Ƿ켫ǡ
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ƺȻҲЦǵǼпܣһʮѪɣѪˣжôӴĻۣѪתϲõؼصƨɰɣȻвĴڡҲûĴڡ
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бһֻԡķӰհȽȽ𣬴ͷʱⱬƣһ˷Ļ档˫չͬʱʻ״ǰȥЩͻȻһХų׾ʿȥ
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ǹ֮棬ʱܵ˳


267 ƴһսͷ
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ξٰһɣͷҲỊ̇
ãҲһڶµսȭͷξ֣Ǻƴˣ
ξٰѪǹһ͵صͷжսһҲҪĺңϵܣûпۣǰύֵܣֵˣ
ξٰԵļȻǰһϬĿɳɭϣᶨ˵ϻˣսɣ
ȫʽͷĿɳɭһ˫۾ðѪĹ⣬ʵǲںڰеʲôӡ
еļᶨŭɳɭܿɳɭҲܸܵϱɱ⡣
ʵڿȻսʤңսʤ˼ٺ徫ôҰǴغù䣬ΪǺãǹʴȷһлģȻ飬˴ԲѣҺˣ֪ǹٹҪɱһֻϣ
ϡ
ʵƳַڱ󣬻ĳ˵Ҫôƴһսͷ
ξٰԽѪǹ͵ɳɭһָȵϻ˵ҪɱҲҪϼ汳
ɶ񣡿ɶ֮ɳɭٶ˵֣һնɱ


268 
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ɳɭһ£װϵĺ徫ʱкξٰԳȥ
ʱһεӴдеĶС
ЦЦĵããдЦƴһսʹ죡
ɱ
˫ƴɱһʱһƺ
ס֣
徫ǻͣ׷׳ɳɭȥɳɭתͷ档
ϣһСģȻһ޴İǡܳɣʮɫ飬ѤںϿٵƶʹһ
ſţվʮǾڰǾĴӵ֮£Ƿ˳
һ֣ɳɭϵϥ£еĺ徫׷׹£ٹ
кξٰԳȥϢ
һֱۣȿκﶼҪľ档
ȻβǸ㣡
ż޵ӣüݰף崿޽ϵݡ¶ϰչֳϸƤźͦε˫ϸһƬµȱڸסǵ̺죬˸ܵһ̱ðڴȥһɫĿɰβ͡
㣬ں壬˼䣬ĿеļƷ
ūӣǲūҲū㱻ץȥ뵽ūȦǱȻ󲨣ΪĶ
ǵ۹ʵ۵ĺ󹬣ҲҲ˵ľɫ
езԱܵĸһۣ壬ЦЦȲ
ȥѡĻȴǻѡЦЦصĲŮ˵Ǳ˴˵ĸоϲЦЦѣϲЦЦйµųһ˿ѵõЦݣϲЦЦ졢˵
ĳֶЩ߰ʱ㿿β˼װ壬İǾ档
ЩǾŮԣķɫĹ⣬ʱʱ̶̿ͷžзԵѪʮǾȫѪʦʵƺҲ룬֧С飬Ҳܴܰ׾ʿɳɭľˡ
ɳɭͷӭ㣬ǫ˵ٹôˣ
㵭ؿɳɭһۣ¶λߵ̬һڣҲΪר̸һˣֹ㶯
ɳɭ΢΢Ȼ󳯵һԵϺǿһۣ֪ٹкƽЩɱˣϺ޼ɡΪ壬ĵάϣǣ
ǺΧȴˡɳɭˣɵˣЩɱˣİȶж񣿡
ٹǸˣ˽ۣʱлȻһϣȻϸȥǶͦεɽˣȴ࿴ǰٹҲˣǾûˡ
ֻǣп۾ʱвһĸо
һϤĸо·۾ʲôʱʲôطģȴ벻
һּ΢ĸо·ڤڤע
⡭ɳɭһ˵ƣæ˺Ϻץ˹ǰݺһţô£˵
һ֣Ϻɫ䣬˿̸ŵòУɼ֪ţǡЩɱҡǡ
ٹǰ˼ȭ˵˵һ𣿡
㳯ȥ΢΢һЦ˵
ӭ΢ЦǹϤĸоǿˡס˹˵һԭƽƽĺУ;˹зǯĺսһǵ˴룬зҲҸɱˡһսȫΪԱϺΪзΪɣҪȡǵĲƸǲҪɱǡֻǣˣҴܣպλ׾ʿ·ϺԻ󣬺Ҵ
˵꣬ɳɭٳ
㳯ϺȥºͣȥϬ
𣿡
ϺæҡԴǣǡ
ҿһǣն˵зǯĺͶšзǴ㹬ӳȥģ㹬ĳ裡βɱҲɱ
˵һ룬㳯ȥŵλǸĵˣ㶼ɱɱ޹Ϻ֪зһģԳϺʵҲһĺƭɳɭѵƭңѺȫɵô
ɲϺ磬ع̣
ٹٹ
ϺѺºɻĳȥʵٹ˵𣿡
һЦ͸ղʱȫˣҲö˸оȫһ
㲻ǵ𣿱ߵ㣬Ұ
˫һʱе󳹵ΪζôϤˡԭ㾹ԼĽɫ㣡
лǾò˼顣ǰλٹһΪĸߡʵǿߡ㣬ȴξٰץͰ޷֮
֪Ȼе˼΢ЦһɻΪһΪλôȣСˮͰɣ
ٹϻۣй֡
Ѫɣ߻ħֳԭΣΪȫʧ˸ϴװˮͰʱ㳯ξٰȥξٰԲ˼Դŵ⸣ģˮͰﴦھʱ򣬾ȻѪϣ׷ľ硣ֻκεʱѪδָԪˣûзгɣҲκξҪˣæһ
û뵽ͻȻ֣ǸСһȰ˵֮ˣҸˣͺñǻԾɽ֣󺣣ϢѪָˡҵĴǣжٹˣ
ԭˣи̾⻹û뵽¡ڤڤ֮УҾȻһشӰ¡
ǰξٰԺݺݵԴֵ˵Щһ㰡
˶ξٰԻģЦ
ЦƱҳΪǵĸ֮ǽҲˡ
˵ǡ㹰֣΢΢Ϲֿ˵ȻˣҲͳƽˣٹ벻ҪٺҶˡҽУֱӳƺҵ־ǡ
ҲãӴԺҾͶһѡ֣ҽаhԺ棬Ҳֱҵ֡
ٺòˣͲϲнԣЩпѪԼʶʱҲ˵Լһѡʵ޷Լݡ
ԼģԼˣ
㰽hԼİ֣Уҵõȣʮָмһˣл
аڰ֣Цˡղǲǻ˵Ѿƽˡοһʱ䣬ȥѪ½ʱ䣬ǴǿһߺȲ裬һġ
УҾͲˣԱϣh򴬲ȥڴǰͣ½Ų˵ɳɭˣʱȥЩǾš
ٹ
hһ봬УŮһĿɿڴһ˫˫۾ŰhصתҲʼձһĿ͡ԴκﶼĮЦЦҲ԰hܸȤǶɫβͣЦЦȥһѵĳ嶯
кͰhһ̸ʮͶhбʾ˼ϵѺãʾԺʱ͡Ȼټȫ㹬Ͻ㹬ȴǼӴС֮ơһĵλ
hĸжǱڿͷϣڴ뿪֮ʱվȺİǾӹһµĺӣݸС
˵ѾƽˣʲôҵʵѰΪ޷ᣬҵİжУɣ
Ͱh˺ܴһᣬҲҲ˰hˡ֪hǿķǣﲻһжĺְѸмڿͷϵˡ
ж԰hĸоǳá
ǲ£ԵнˣнӹӣлҾˡźӣʵhʲô
h΢΢һЦ򿪿
аѺӷڲ輸ϣῪӲ¶һϸʱһǿҵĹâ˳ȵȫ򿪣ͻȻâ̵۾
â󣬴ָֻԭȵĹߣǺӿȥ澲һȭͷ顣
龧Ө͸ڲۿһ˿˿壬·һ
⿴бܶ϶Ǹ
Ʒܴʥĸо
Խˣʵʲô
hȴûֱӻشУǷʵ֪Ϊѵʲôز
гܿ⴬е˶һͬ飬Ҳ󷽷˵ƤĤ͸ΪһѪս
ô˵ǿ
ǡ
ôͶˡ飬мİ
มеͷͻȻһ㶣ʵ˵ʲôǡ飿
ξٰԺǮһ飡
hͷȥĿǸ޴İϣһ飬ǲǸǧ³ġ
ԭhǸʲôǣǧݣ
ǧݣȻܳô
֪飬Ƕ֪ⱦĺôˡ
еͷڼǰŴξٰõ֪ʶʱҲԼܵõһΪû켶ص䣬ܵõ飬ôҲܰѹ¡
˵ô൱ġ
԰hȭм˵ݺҾˣл
hһڲ裬ĿЦЦϣ΢΢üܵþȣЦЦСҲйͣҵ㣬û׼
ЦЦæõġ
ЦЦû˵꣬hȥȡԼվΪЦЦϣҾͰ͸ɣһҪ£Ȼǿ㡣
ЦЦЩΪѣܶ
ܰÿĺ͸ˣҡЦЦС㣬һҪţһ죬ġ
в廰ЦЦhʵ㣬°ɣ
ǡЦЦѾڲµĺҲǺÿоɢŵϢƢˬֻõǾͶлˡ
úúáҼʱϵǱλʵǿġУ㻹ʲôҪģ˵ֻҪҰõһ
ϵģh˵вûпԾܾһ󣬾˵һ£
Ҫ󣬰hӿģæʲô£˵Ҿϲֱˬˡ
֮ǰҺͰ׾ʿ֣Ҳֻʤ򶷹УҶ԰׾ʿһɷǳȤš롭
hð͸Ĺ⣬룬Ƿ֪ɵ֮Ȼѧȥ
й֣ʵ쳣ϻۡûȻʵͻҵȷ뷨
hЦȻ˵ˣܲӦ㣿οҲǺѧѪ½ŵǵؼصɣҽǣ
ԱϣhҲ˫ǰһյƣʱɫĹâ˫ɢ
һ̣hͷſ죬һС͸˳
͸ǳǳɫţЩ֣ͼƾһء
ݣǺܶ˱ѵһľڳ˶۽磬ܳΪֵýļ䡣


269 ʤ
hʳָ£ǰ˼ƣȻһָݶʱײеĶͷϣƣŵŶеԴ
һͷʹ˫ͷۡһ󣬵ȴٴʱȭh
ɵ֮μԺлˣ
ǺǺǣȻˣҲͷˣǿĵһ찡ҪعˣУϣǻټһ졣
һеģ
ţҾͺף֮ǰҸǵĴʩѪԸٶȺУhȻһЦ
ˣǾͲˣ


ڰhİ£ԸٶȺˡֻҪټּ첻״ôҪĿĵˡ
սаƺȻͺ˴Ҳٶ˴˺ദսʤ׾ʿΪһԵΣ˵ǾҴˣȻҲ
֪ģѳΪпǿߡ
ѼƺȻȻϲҲǶйĿ࿴һ˲ţǵڳϵĵմӣԸʹȻȻҪߣҲûǰֳơ
˶ڴϸ£ڴѪ½ǰһ̵
һУǾ̫ۣÿ˵鶼ƽ
ǮǣҲٵ£ǰ·Ȼ֮
ƺȻͺڴǮǺȲ裬ԸūͰʳбоɣʱЦЦѣξٰ졣
ʱ䣬ɵйȻʩչ磬ȥѾûˡֻʵսʩչĵãٴεõߡȻһͻƵƿ
κѪҪʵսлþ飬Ȼߡ
һ죬аξٰԺԼķ䡣룬ڷһ¯ӣ¯һڸɾĹзˮֱðһټڷˮнš
Ǹ飬ξٰԾ飡
ѹѹ֣кξٰ£΢Ц顣ڰհhҵķ鰾á
ξٰһ˫۾ֱŹбŷĽĹ⡣ϵܰǺ飬Ϊ
ûд𻰣ǿŹСڷˮ£齥˺ɫеˮҲóܣֳһֽƵɫ
ˡн˿ó֭ʢУԼȺȣǸξٰԵݹȥһ룬ξ֣곤ңȡ
ԣξٰԾվĿ˵ҡȺȣУ˵ʲôʲô˼
ʵûʲô˼һ鰡
ʲôҪһãŵرеı
ŵرΣξֶѾãѻãѵҪһ˶ɣ
ξٰԻһ˼ɫԸһ
Ȼ⻹м٣ǰǳսξˣѪҪһࡣǼȻ֮ŵرʲǫ֭̂㲹ɣ
ûɣȻˣҾͲξٰԴЦһæ֭һھȥ·зƵġ
ξٰԺˣ΢΢һЦҲһ֭ȥ
֭жʱоһʣ·ȥ֭¶ǣһʱӿȫͷкξٰоԼĹڼ̣ǿ
⡭ʵ̫ˣЧȻԣξٰԸ̾һչ˫ۣ壬˵̲ҵʵҪҲι̣պɳĻҲ͸ˣպңΪĴͳҲ˵
ξ֣͵㡣Ǽǵʵǿ֪ܡ
ξٰԵͷ˵̫ˡǡǰhֱȴܿκˣǸ˲鷳
ЦЦhˣºûж⡣ѾǮ˵ˣԸȥκ˲¡ĿǰǶصúܺãƺȻͺ㲢֪¡
ǮǷ飬㱣ҲӦõġİɣֻҪЦЦС͵ѪǹţǾͶ뿪ߺ󣬾й¶˳ȥҲ챻ǳԹˡ
гȥһε֮ǰҪСһȦˡÿһΣͻСһ㣬ֱþ
а룬˴һ飬˵ܰξٰԵĹ£ٷָһãҲá
ȱľһǵصˡ֣Ҫ󲻸ߣֻҪܵõһص䣬ˡ
ϵܣѪǹŰɣǾһˣһѪ½ز죬ҸŵĵطҲӦġᣬξٰ¡
һᣬȵѪ½˵ɣ
Ҳá


峿ĵһҫϵʱ򣬴˵Ļ
Ѫ½ҿѪ½ˣ
ԣǰѪ½
Ҫˣ
һ£߳գͷůů⽫УгǼݡ
ʱ˺ýܸоڲ
ʱ˿̣˭˶޷ᵽеļ
ȴʮ꣬Ѿǧ࣬ɹشۣҪˡ
Ѫ½ǰ
ı۾һٴſ۾ʱᶨĹ⡣
ȴ֪̤Ѫ½һ̵ʱһʱҲѾԶˡ


񾩣ʳǡ
鷿
ʵڻʵ۶棬˵ɫΪء
ʵվᣬЩס˽ǵʵϣǻϢЩǡ
Ȼ֪ʵ˵ġϢʲôƽ˵ȻЩϢñǣԺ²ǡ
ʵɫأ޲˼
֪ûȻʵۼ˵ȥ˵ʵЩϢȫԲЩǰ࣬ǳ͢͸馳ͷ
ֻҪ岻馲Ϊ塣ҺͰЭ飬
ʵ滺Щֻǻ΢üͷ޼ϵɫҲǺɡ
ҲǣǵĲ馵һ·ϣǷǱվ˷Ӧ
ʵۺܴ뵽˵
ͷɫص˵˲֪ǵļƻֽšȻĻͿѰдˡ
ô죿ʵ۽ǵʵ
Ĭûлش
ʵҲͲٶʡ
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û˵ʵҲûʣֻǰ
һѪ½ԴпסҾƫóѣѪ½ԴˣֺγûУֻҪĵ̫ԴԭȲԸðˡزҲˡ
ϣ㾿ʵʵǺ档
ҪУҾͺף˭˭
ûֱش𣬻ʵ۱㲻ˡ
ǣʵվ۸޶Ų֧֡
л£ҲվÿοĿ˵£ͰϢѧϰˡߣ뵣ġ˵ʤǾһʤ
ʵһĹ⣬Ҳ¶һĨ΢Ц͸ˣ


񾩳ǽСӱߡ
¹ϡȻҫź棬Թ⡣
ںӱߣźϲԵˮơ
ɾͻ굤ĵطڤڤ֮жһָ顣ƿʱǻ뵽
һĿݾһֿϤĸоȻҲ֪ããҲá
ʵƿֻǽ굤ͻȻԼԽԽ٣Сĸо
¿Ǹ߸󡣿ϿȥȴǴƶ˵ĸ߲ʡһȴ޷ŵθо
֮·ÿǰһͻӼһ֣⻰Ȼ١
һӰݵĽס
ӰӺܳ
ݷӦ죬ƷӰȻȥ
˭
ȴ·Ӱ֮Уݿӡ
ȴ˵ˡ
ǸŮ˵
õܵܣĽơ


270 Ѫǹ
ݡλڴ½ϲһȽϸĵĵطȻЩսҲϣٸĵĵطҲֻǺݿǷˡٵĵطȴʵѲԭѪӵ۹ˡռģǴ½պĴɡѪǹš
ڵĴںݵ¼
һ̤Ѫ½أжʱǰһʮһθܵʲôŷ٣ʲôǰ˿Ҳֻһ࣬ƽʱһȥҲͰˡֻںͷ㿴һۣнǧ߶æµߺ⡣кȵȶڸУݿŸܼڿģֻСơ
ͻȻ䣬иоԼǶôСټϣֻܿܿеһԱͬɳĮеһɳ
飬̤ء
´˷ֳ·ƺȻͺһ·˵ڡξٰԺǮҪЦЦѪǹŸԭξٰҪкһȥѪǹţл֮гѪ½Ҫһںݹ䡣Ǳ㵥һ·˺ݡ
Ѫǹŵܲںݣξٰ԰ϵҲ㣬ǸһЩǮƣںҸƹס£°ԼϾէԺܶﶼ˽⣬ҲҪʶԼ˽½ȻӦ˺ξٰԵԼ
Ѫǹ£вûмŴӦ˵Ҫٿǿǡ
˴˷ֱбһںйԺܶﶼܺ棬˵ķδ磬ǽֵĹ滯̵ĳУĲһһЩûС⣬Ҳֵܰһ档ںܶ˵ȻǴɽСĴţǰյϰߣͺݵԵø롣ⳣĿ⡣
ǳé®ʵĶ˽⣬˴ʹһЩһͨͨġСʮִǵĿ⾡۵סǸԼһ·ѹסԼǿҵĺģĺȺںһԼ񱾵ˡ
ҹĻʱδ˼ҾƹݣЩûԹĲʽȻھƹס¡
ξٰǰ˵ֻҪںݣļҾƹס£ҵҲûָļҾƹݣѡ
طвûм˯ڴϴ󷨡ԴΪһѪʦÿѪûмϹʱڴҲѪ½ȻҲı䡣
Ѫ½ĵһҹڵŨŨ¶ȹ


գһȻڽй䡣
̫ˣǸһµʱ䣬ҲδܰѺе·ꡣ
ʱ֣жӡʼл߽һҾƹݣֵ˼ִûԹĲʽвų˵ĿζһѾƣԺȵĵҲΨһвǣһ˶įĻšʱЩϣξٰԿˡ
һڳԺȣȴ۹˷۲ŽȥȥˣŴдϢ
з֣ҾƹݵĴ˿Ͷűһˣϰ֮ˡ۵ģҲǹڡѪǹһЩ顣ԼϢŪ˵ʲôˡ
ԭЩ˶ŹѪǹ˵ˡѪǹһһȵĿʱ䵽ˣÿĿԶںݡҲ⡣ʱݶ֮ˣǸӦԵġ
ǰֻƺȻͺ˵ѪǹŵξٰԿѪǹŵǿΪȻʱŸܵѪǹŵӰξٰԹû˵󻰣ڵѪǹһĴɣܶ˶Դȥ
Ϊ飬ۼΪʵ˵ûۿľǼٵģ˵ıĸʵС
СӣǺݣ԰ʳô
һд˼лع
˳ȥֻƹߴ׳һõΧסǰϰ˴ƼȣһžƺһץһȣߵŭȻζسԺš
˿ͶһĻ˹ȥ˵Ρ
˭˵ҳ԰ʳʲôˣһƾƹݵİʳ
Ǯ
˽ƺϺݺһţҡͷԵ˵ǮȾһôŵ°ǾȻǮ
˶˻ӶˣҲĸȤĿ֪ضûǮճ
һϺݺһģŭٷϻ㾿
ȻҪҸǡҡҡԴЭˡ
֣ȵ
´θ㣬û
ģ߳ױŭˣʱ׳ֱۣ˴۾ȵˣң
ιιι˶ߵֱۣ¶ɫҿûˣôһСɫſңȻҲˡ
㲻ǻˣ
֪˭ҿɲǮƺơ
ھƹ£ÿ춼ɫɫˣôһ˵Ҳ˸ۣ϶֣˳ʵ˭
ѪǹĶӳ˼ں±
ѪǹĶӳԣ˶һЩϴЦɫҲ֮ЩǶǴӦԣͨѪǹӶѪǹŵˣڴ֮ǰύһλѪǹĶӳǶȻġЩѾڿţǲǰ˰ʽˣúʶһ
ţһγ˵ϴȥ첹·õѥӣֱǺĴۡ
߰Űɿˣʳеɻ󣺡ѪǹĶӳ˵Ѫǹľ٣һͨʿ䣬ҲôɣںݣҾƹҲӴλѪǹĿˣΪҲ֪ѪǹĴǷǳõģοһӳǮûУ
˿ҧһڼȣΪһûȥμӿԣ쿼ҲѪǹĶӳˣٻ꣬Ҳ£
߶ǳˣҲ̲סŭȵĹ˿Ҳҡҡͷʧ֪֮ѪǹĶӳֻһ˵󻰵ļһҲٴˡ
ͬʱȭͷ˴˹ȥǺȶһȥߵĽźڵһ㣬һȾǷŭȻԱһ꣬׼ȥ
סˣ߰ѼȺݺһӣſڵĻƵ
ˣһһҡһΣȥ˵֮һץȻǱһ٣ƫƫҡţȴץ
΢΢һ䣬һЦһھƣȻ˳ȥѾʵװǿȥ˵ĲʵΪ֮Ȼͱץסˡȴ÷ǳʵòŶȥġ
Լ۾ҿ϶Լжϡ
ס֣ٴˣȥʱ
Щ߲УȻŭڵ׷ˡм˵棬ȥбߣȻǰץסһֻߵ֡
ٴˣ
Ѿۣ֪ǾƹݵĹ˿ͣҲʮ׶񡣡Ҫ˰׳԰׺ȲǮҲҪһ١ˣԺЩå첻Իˣ
΢ЦҲˣ˺˶ѣҲû塣׮ҹˣǷǮ͵Ժȵģû˰ɣ
ǣ߻ǲġ
нߵɿȻĴֱȰοҶһǸˣ᲻װɣ
иԼһ˺µ̨ףһᣬҾͶһ²һ£ߣԱϣ˺ݺݵһۣȻתȥ
˶߱Ӱһȭһۿ˵ͣ
оȤԼλȥͬʱһ֪㻹ûȾˣһѣ
ת˼ȦȻСܹȥֵ˵оƺȣһ
бֳ˼Ѻõ̬ȡ
ȣ
ʲôҲ˵ٶ˼ѡʵǰסˣʵΪҪң
˷㣬Լ㡣һʵģҸѡ
ңȴ˵˽Ǹˬ֮ˡپǮ룬ǷţѪǹӳ˵ץסһţҧעࡣ
˳ԶģͻȻǣ຺ӶôԶġ
жƱѧ˵̬˵Ⱦһôŵ£ȻǮ̫ˣ
ЦһģЦ˵úã˵úãҵĻ˵һֱζˣƼˮ꼴Ե֣ҾͲǮˣ͵ѪǹĶӳٺúԺȰɣ
⵹ǺãʱҺȸõľơ
һһȺȺȣ
仰ƣʱ˵ľ룬˱̸֪˵һЩɣ17꣬һ޼ҿɹ˺ڼԼͦб£ҪڷԾû⡣θպø˺ѪǹĿˣѪǹڷԡ
Ҫ˼̲ˣĵɣ˶࣬ΪʲôҪѪǹأ
Ӷ˵Ƕ࣬ɿɲһˣҪ͵һĴɡѧʥأ̫Ľ̹أҶ֪ɷѪڱ̫Զ̫ûˣûͷǲ˵Ҫ̣Ĺ̫࣬ܲԼһֻѪǹˡѪǹֻʽһ츳ܺãʱͱͽȥһǼѪǹӣӶΪѪǹŵһӡ
ʵôаܼѪǹΪΪʲôӳУǶӳʲôְ
úĿ⿴Уʵ֪
ЦЦҵĳƫƧЩµȷ˽⣬ͽ̡
ƫƧȴ˶ߺߡĳһԴˡҸɣѪǹڴ½ϿպաֻҪһᵽѪǹţ뵽ľѪǹ
˿ھƣŵѪǹѪǹŵƾӣ8000ɣѪǹͳ˧⣬ְɸߵͷֱΪͳ졢ӳ鳤Ҫ֪Ѫǹ˱׼Ǻģֻ1000ϵѪսͨˣ˾ѪǹҲֻǶͨʿ䣬˾١ѪսܵһСС鳤ﵽ5000ϵڶѪսܵ϶ӳˡӳһٸ˵ͷѾţˣ
һܣжʱѪǹˡͬҲܵѪǹ֧ӵ֮1000Ѫսֻһͨʿ䣬Ҫʵֲ̫ˡҪ֪ǰڵѪսٵÿͨĶѪ½鼮Ҳ֪ǰѪӵ۹׻Ƶ۹ȵȣһѪս㹻ھﵱСˡһѪսͳǧˡѪǹֻһ˵鳤
Ѫǹǿơ
ֲѪǹڴ½պˣԱʸߣѪǹװͳһѧϰɵص䣬벻ǿѣ
ĹвѪǹ˽ˡ
вɵöɼۣƽ͵ʵ5000ĶѪս


271 Ǹô
ߺߣɵظԼĸ첲Ц⻹м٣ѵ㻳˵󻰲ɣղǼ޸֮ĹӣúǴҵ֡ҼѪǹΪӳٹȾƣǿҾ͵ýҴү
ɵԸߵвᣬú˽ɡƱɾȥ΢Цвŵص
֪ǰŰɣûϵʱĻȥμӿˣʱʶʶҵ
ãһȥˬشӦѪǹĿһֵʢ£ֳܼ˽⣬ܿһЩ֡ᣬȻ
뵽ʲôһתҿղһֱ׵ĽǼӣӦҲЩ£ôҲһѪսɣǸˬˣȾƺʹ졣һȥˣͬѪǹͷʲôҪϵһѪǹû죬һ𣬾ܻӦ
Ц㵹ֱ׵ĺܡֱ˵˵ҽѪǹΪԼܸû졣
˵ϲĨǣû˭˽أȻ˴˶Ǻαڡ
˵úáе˵ͷ˵ɣȥ
У峿ǾＯϡ
һΪ
һҹлصƹݵʱ򣬾־ƹݵ϶ڷലλܶ˾ͱͷ˯ڴϡԭѪǹĿˣѪǹΧʮľƹݶѾעЩڽŸϵѾҲطסˣֻǿȹһҹ
а̾ԼôиŵĵطȴɵǼһԷǮûУסأ
ڶ컹ûоˡ˺ɵԼĶǰǸƵꡣ
ȻںݶԽǸӣϾ̫ˣڽϣҲûж߶ֻؤؽֶ˯
սʱڣ˶޼ҿɹ飬ݻõ㣬ؤܿʳӡһЩݿؤûеġͷֻҪܻ쵽һڷԣˣԺܶ༢񶼲ξΪ˾ڻңȺıˡ
ؤҪѡطսпᵽ˼¡
Ҳ˵Ѫӵ۹ȷʵǿ군ˡ
ڿ쵽ǼҾƵʱ·ߵһؤеע⡣ǸӰǰһæ߹ȥϸؤɣ
ˣԭҹ˯ڽϵġ
кղʶͷͻȻ両һѹĸоĸԼ̫ģ֪ûǮΪβһͬסƹݣֻǾȼһ㡭
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˯ڡָɽ£ʵ
֪˵ʲôæϵĻҳȻЦô˯ɣߺߣϾҪΪѪǹĶӳˣԺ˯ڽͷˣԾһϣ
˵зᡣ
УǮҳ緹ɣ
Ȼܾ󣬺˵ãߣĳ·
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ڵȺɨһۣܿЩμӿ˵ģЩûΪֵġֵ͵΢΢ͷɵɵĴ̫˵һȥΪɵĸࡣ
μѪǹ˵˳С߽ǰž͵ˣһѪǹŵĸ˸ڣȻǺ磬Ҳ٣˵һ˽Ѫǹš
ѪǹŵĽӴԱҲܶ࣬ͳһķΡⶼվִǹѪսƽȣĿϬһͲǺ֮Щάֳ
ϾӣҲǸ⡣ѪǹԺգҲ˭µġȻ㣬ɵó
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㳡ȫʯ·ûһݣһһȥԵʮֹڹ㳡룬ڷ˸ߵĴ󶦣󶦱Ǽצͼڣô㳡Ҳ֮˼ϡ
Ψһвǣÿ󶦵Ϸһɫӣÿ϶д˲ͬ֡500ģ2000ĵȵȡ⵹ƻ˴ЩС
ʱһڴԱߣ𿼺˵ѪǹͽǰһεĿ˷ǾٶÿĴСһװصȴͬ
ܾ500󶦵ģܳΪѪǹĺԱαѡѪǹôԱлΪѪǹ±ܾ1000󶦵ģֱѡѪǹ±ܾ2000󶦵ģѪǹ鳤ܾ5000󶦵ģѪǹζӳܾ10000󶦵һѪսΪѪǹ
˵һ仰ʱӴ˵һѪս˲š
ţǰֻĸ꾹Ȼˣһ500Ĵ󶦣ΪʲôѪǹˣôҪȴˣ
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пܣѪǹÿ궼8000˵ϵ˵ݣΪûĿһֱġûҪ߾ѾˣȴŪһ±ĺԱѪǹ⼸ŵ̫Ѫǹأʱһˡ
ˣ˵Ѫǹ˼Ѫǹĸȥ£˺üӳĴͳ֮һĺͳҲأ
𣿺ͳôȻˣѵ֣
ҾͲ֪
һ˵꣬ǾͿʼǷ׷׵УֻһЩõϢͬʱֽһ֪ѪǹΪôǿԭˡ֧ľӣһֱ8000˵ϵ˵Ҫ˳ΪûҲҪôϸķΧ£սʿܲսľӣܲǿ
еģжѪǹһЩøСƾѪǹ֧ӵĴڣ˵ѪǹŲ˵
ˣڿ˿ʼܿ˵Լٶ˭˸վڴԱߣ˵

˻һ󺺱˳ǰһᣬȻ1000󶦡ڴǰ˿Ȼץס󶦵ֻţһǴ󶦻ľھٵǰʱͣһǵͨ죬ʮֳ
ٴγĸߺһ˫͵һ죬ڽǴ󶦾ٹͷסһȻ͵һţһ޴졣Ȼٵĺܳȴ1000󶦣Ǻϸˡ
1000ֱӳΪѪǹ±ʲô֣󣿡ʵ
֣ܸղźܳȴܵ⣬ͬһصƣԺ˵ţ25꣡
Աϣļ¼ԱৡдȻݸţһӣΪ֤ͨ
ߣЦһȥͦ׳ʵû뵽1000ﶼôпõķ
ɵ󣬺Ȼ˵ġȻţЩʧûɵ˵ôˡԽ˵Խ档ʵھƵ˵ûжʵǰŰɡ˿ˣжɵʵȤˡ
һﵽб£ڴţ
ţһ³һȥǿǿľ500󶦣ΪѪǹĺԱ
½½ȥ5001000һϳȥ500Ĵǰʼٶ
顪󶦻ûٹϥǣ͵һЩҵӵĽ¡
һĻ˶̲סЦ
¶֮ɫ˵ѪսǣҲμӿˣҵ𣿡
ǡɫʮѿæͰ͵Ľ͵ұֵģû뵽500󶦣Ծԡ
֪Լٲֺαһ˷ʱ䣿
ҡڼҾղŲ֪ôġӣˣһûӺãҪپһΰɣ
ûӶ೶ŭһӶʱȺ
ţ֪ٲ˻˷ʱģҾ͵Ҳģ
һȺһССɧԭȴһ̬ȵͷǸ˵Ȼûжɱ⣬ȴͷƤ顣
ʱ˿̣Ѫǹŵ㳡⣬˭ҷ
źҡҡͷֵΪܿʲô֣ⶼôһˣһѪսûС
еһЦĿⶢųϣżֶģڵȴȿƣųġ
˵úãмأ޵УǹϵȻҲò˿ңҾڷҵġ
лͣüëһţ˵Ȼ˵ˣҾͣȡϳ
棬㡣еͷָ˿ͷƤ
кС̸ʱһȥ˳ðװۣһ޸֮ģɳϵģȻ2000ǰ
㿴ˣȿʼǴҪܾ2000
ҿ˳ɲУҪѪǹŵ˷ˡ
ǻû۶ãһǳɵİѴ󶦾ٹͷȺһ˶ס
˲ò࡭
۾Ҳ΢΢һæ˵2000ٵúɣҪ5000𣿾ʧˣҲѪǹ鳤
ߵ5000ǰŽ£תԴһᣬȻҾ԰ɣ
ǣ˵ڴ£˫ץס㣬ͦӣ̧첲
һ룬룬ȻĻձȵľܺ;2000ʱҪö࣬ȴɹˣ
ãƯȺ̲ס
ҲģεĿ˽ʸӳѡûгӳĿնôѪǹĶӳˡǳˣҪٽһԡˣԱᣬӰɣ
нƣ17ꡣ
17꣡ôڶѪսнƵһᣬȺоһ̾
Ҫ֪17һܾ5000󶦵ĶѪսǶôǿ˵20֮ǰǼпܳΪһѪսġ20ǰһѪս˵Ǳж
ȻѪ½شﲩнƻҪŵҲǴڣнƵʵˡ
֣ڳָˣȻһ17ܾ5000ְ£̲סкá
ʵǸô
⻹㲻Ǹ֣ÿ۹⿴УĵĽ͵ȻѪս㲻ǿ󣬵ᰡ17ף1020أɳʲôӣ㿴ʼһٶţ25˲ǿ1000󶦣ǲడ
а룬ԼҲ18꣬ѾһѪսˣҪ֪Լʵǻᾪȵ°Ͷڵϣ
̽Եʵ18һѪսأ


272 ǲƭӣ
18һѪս۾ǿǸɶȿֺ˲Ű˲Ժռж󣿱˵ǳΪѪսʦѪǼпܵģ˵ھв˲ţ20ǰһѪսˡ
ƺȻͺ㣬в˵ͷȻǶͱҪһ㣬ҲǸüοˡ
ɶ̸ЩºȤһ߿ϵĿˣһߵÿʱһЩ츳šеʮһеǰһĿǧųһʷϾмλѪ֣һѪսˡһѪ15Ѫս˵
15ѪսоղŻõһЩԽжʱȫޡ15껹δ갡δ̫˼ˣ
ߺߣ˼¶ˣҪΪѪжѣֻѪԼ֪ǧ֪жǰ£Ѫ֮塣ɹȴ޼˵һ˵ʵǿ󣬻оǿѧΪص䡶¼ǿԴ켶ص䰡ֻǴûͽܣҲ֪Ȿصˡ
¼Դصô૵
ɳƳһۣҲˣֲʵʵĶǵòġҲһˣãʵҲǿҲûõУҪ̤ʵأŬءҵѪǹĶӳһúõİ㡣
΢΢һЦлĺ⡣ɣô϶ҵʵô
סû뵽л˵ĻüǿЩû뵽Ҳܿ񰡣У˵󻰣¼Ȼ٣ҲࡣҺ͸ղǸнƵļһͬǸеĸˣҲֻҴһ꣬һ治ǿ
š㿪Цɵļ򣬵պհ
һģôصͷ
ƫͷȥ̲ס˿ͷƤ
ɣĸо
ʱ˿̣Ѿһʱɴﵽ鳤Ҫ˲5ﵽӳҪ˲2ûһѪս֡
ǸЩˣһ˾궦º󣬸ѵ쵽ĸֶҪŲʵǣ˵ʱֻнһ죬Ѫǹľְвٿն
һȺжʱһû뵽ѪǹȻճǸȷѪǹ϶ǾһпĴսˡ
Ѫǹ棬ǽͳľ٣500Ѫǹսʿ˾Ҫǣܵõɵص䣬ܵõһѪǹ
ѪǹѪǹԵıֵǹеߣ
ڡ
ȻˣԣȻڸ˵ջ£һ˳ֱ10000ȥ
ʱֵţваֻܵѡ1000󶦣ȴѡ10000ģɱ
ߣɴǵĹۣүүôţǸĺӣҲ˵ʱ£ץ㣬˵پ;١
ѽ10000󶦿ɲ˵پܾٵģţʹ󶦽һᣬûаѴ̧֡îͷһ˻˻أ̧
ʱЩЦţ˶ٳˣǽŵض
ţٴκһȴûһ壬ȴ£ص˵ϡ
ģûȻǾٲ10000ţҡҡͷ
ȴûЦþĿ⿴ţ۷Ѫսˣܲˣ
ҲţˡţǰɣȻûܾ10000󶦣5000ˡϸˣ󣿡
28꣡
ţȥӣʱһȫⷢŸ첲Ĵ˳ۺʱ
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ߣС˼ǴҲ˵վڴǰҲʲô˶ûȥץ㣬ſ˫ۣһѽ󶦱ס
ڴ󺺵һ£˾㵵Ŀ£󺺾Ȼ󶦱󾹱ͷȻȵĽ󶦷¡
еĶȻһǳɡ·10000ûκѹ
飡ѾŵĹˣ10000ǲõ΢΢һ
ģһкãæʵʲô֣ͣ
ţ30꣡
治ֵܣӴ˶Ѫǹŵˣ
ʱȺҲвֵһһǿ
ҳһѪǹһˣ
˵ã쵽ѵֻһѪսҿֻ²ֹ㻹ǵȥĿһѪսһǽһҰ
֮ܶҪˣ
ţأֻţ㡣
˵ۣţһȵʲôõܶţСͣδزܾ10000ƶ
ţһȣЩ߶ҳˡ
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۾һԴСƵĵæǣҿ˸ղǸнƺеһƴ⣬ĶСУ˵̫ˣҾٵȵȣȵϳ
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ֹȥһʱڼ䣬Ҫܶࡣﵽ鳤Ҫ23ﵽӳҪ5ֻȴûٳһѪս
ʱΧֵΧ˶Ц۵ţֵܣûٸ֣ȵˣ
ǰ磬ϲԺϣչСܰ
ǰǶĲǲ
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ߣţȴ࣬ûиҼôһʲô˼ȥһѪսһ֮λѵһѪսû𣿸ֿزأţҺúÿ
а룺ţǸξٰԻˬĺӡ
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һֱסеĿ⣬Ҳ⣬࿴˼ۡһļһУв͵ƣоѪȡ
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˳ţţʱȵ㲻Ҫô
һЦ󵶵ݸĸ棬10000ȥͬʱܻʱ򣬵Ҿ10000󶦣֮λʱٴɣ
˵󻰣Ⱦ˵ţĹ۾
ֻСơЦţͻȻչ˫ۣ̯ƣ͵سݺһġ
ˣ˵£󶦾Ȼ޴
ʱץס㣬Ȼֱͦˣͷݺһ١еһǳɣˮʱҲֻţٶٶҪһЩ
飡󶦷£еĻҳһȻ
һĻĿɿڴ
ǸҲǴһŻعȻϽкáһһ֣ͣ
˱۾˵ɳ35ꡣ
ԱźǶʱһ͡
ɳݱɳ
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ƥܲܵúҴһ֪ţûбɳͷסȻ
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ţŭˣʱɳȥʹ򣡿˭˭
˾˫֣Цλֱ֮ˣνǸְӢۣдĻǣڡ
ţȥɣ˿ˡɳûţô嶯߽ȺУۿ˽Ŀˡ
ߣţݺһߣӱһ硣˵⸱ģһͷţ
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һѪսĵԽԽԾԭһǱŹǫõ̬ȣȴȿֺŹȥʱ25˴ﵽ鳤Ҫ3˴ﵽӳҪ
һӳѡĽĿ½̧ͷ­ȫѾ
иշɵ׼ѯʱȴȭͷȵ̲סˣٸߵĸ֣ҲҪϳˣ
վǰͲסˡ
ʵϳˡڸ˵һɿǿ϶ϵġ񣬴ﵽ鳤׼ļʮﵽӳ׼ʮ̵סȻûʣµһλӳְλ˵Ѿҫˡ
Щﲻмһ˵ĶȴС롣
ҲûٺȺ߳гϳȥ
ĲɣһŮ˵ԭϳʱиŮҲͬʱ˳
Ůĸۣһ㣬ӵŮĽ˴ѵĻġڻǶ·϶࣬ǵļĵĻ͸ˡ
ⵤŮǳɫ£ɫӣһɫĳޡɿһϣҲ󣬴һۣƫͷȥĿϣֱɡ
ͣ½ŲȻһЩ죬зȵ˵ȻСҲҪԣɣ
ȻȣѵȣŮӻӦɣȴҲһۣ˵
ɱ˴ȣû뵽Ů̬ȣǻôɿɲԸЦһȥͦקǲ֪ܾܲǸСĶ
ۿ˵͵ĳؤ
˭أ
˵ĳһؤѵб𣿡
㣡˵ؤ˫۵ɵϴ󣬵ͷԼĴţȷúͽϵؤһ糿еһۿʱҲһؤˡ
ƿڴǹۿ˵ͣⶦһ꣬ҾѪǹĶӳˣ
ӳŮƫͷȥȴЦĻ֦չЦӳʲô˲𣿡
ʲô˲㵱˶ӳ𣿡
Цؤܵӳһᵱˣһؤ
Ǿͱȱȣ
ҿɲºȣֻ㵣ģʱ˶ˡ
ɶ̫ˣ
ҪµġؤҾȿͣԡ
پ;٣
ɺ͵Ůӵÿ˵ԽӻԾˡůˣٹۿ߶ǻ˯ͻȻֿʱ˾һ۸ͣ
Ҳû󶦣ֱ5000ȥеﲻЩһ̲Ǽ֤ʵʱ̣Ǽ֤Ϊ˵һ̡ɾʵǸܾ5000ĶѪսһԡţƤƭӣϾҪ
ƭӣȻûȤύģĺøУҲŵĸԴ


273 
к˵ע£ɾӣ£˫ץס󶦵ֻšȻȴɴ˿óһȵˡ
ˣɲͷǵŮ˵һ䣬Ȼеע˾ٶһϡ
ûѧЩһ󺰴У棬ķ
ʱȻûɾеȴһθС·ǰѾɹһΪǼŵּ㣬ţװġʶʱȻļǸŵˣϴЦݣûпרע
θţǸʵˡ
ʮȥ5000󶦽뿪˵棬ɻľ
ɵıûʧҲǿжԼжġǴͷһ̣ʯͷأͷӿһů⡣
´󶦣ϵɫͬ࣬ͦˣеĻҳ
ÿڳɹӵеĽ
̧֣˴ĴָҲһ˼ԣôУûƭɣǸ֣
ɣ17꣡Ա͡
ڿ˹ѾһѪսٳֵָѱȲϿһʼʱˣв˾̾ʵ
ڶѪս17ꡣͿʼǸнһǴǱڵ˲š˲ţȻֵ˺Ȳʡ
ˡɴӵŮ߹ʱ˵
ؤǳؤٸ5000ﶼôûʲôȤ԰֪ɵʵ󣬵ŮȻʡ
Ů˶ɣв廰ˡ汾£ǾͶֲڡ
Ů΢΢ü˹ȥ˵ȫɨһ飬Ӵаֲɣ
࣬ƽ͵дõʧαطǰ֡
ԣ˵úܶԡǵʵҾٹٿ
ŮЦţֱӳ10000ȥûѶȴԱš
õ21꣡
õŮ֮ǰҲ϶һЩŮμӿˣΪ͵ٵĶһ5002000֮䡣ûгָ֡
һʵ˵ʱѪǹֻǶ˳šѪǹĴͳУһŮͳ졣ֻҪʵŮ٣ѪǹųԵÿǹ
õߵѾ5000󶦵˷Ӧߣǽһҡ
жõ֮⡣ʵõɶǿˣ˵Ŀȴȫ̧ͬԼõȴ̧ԼͬʱˡͬǿкøУõȴм
ο֪õ﾿汾ûС
յײáõ10000ǰָٶǰ׼
˶Ů˶ʮֺ档ϾЩΪһѪս֮µ˶ԣҪһŮǲ̫׵ġλûһնõɹˣȻˡһѪǹĶӳҲõ˽ĽԹɱضкӹ
ʱһĹȥ˺Ŀ£õ￪ʼٶ
ʮЩ˵Ӷ
10000󶦣汻ŮӸ
󶦵ĸ߶Ȼõ൱װõõŮ˾ͰԼ󼸱󶦸Уûκμϣһǳɣ֮ǰţɳˡ
ֱǽü
ãһһѪսӰɣĵ˵ͷкáͬʱҲѾǰѪǹնϢһĿ˽ѡˣѪǹŵͶˡ
ϾѪǹѾǰСɣǷչΪѪ½ϲɵƾֶв˶ЦõĿͨλ˿
ȻһĻûδصȺеɴˡ϶û뵽õô
ɹõҲûоʹĹɵ˼°ͽ̧б£٬ƳһۣЦɶӳӴԺҾ˾ˡԺ󿴼ңüǵŶ
õһٿʼɵ˶ٳˣҽĺɱ־롣õɵʵǿɲһѪǹߵ̫ھõݣҪɴСЬǺ׵ġ
ǿϧõԼָ˵ղŵıԣȻûкĵʲôʵڱˡ
һԼǿˣɲûη塣
ȻΪһ𣿵Ƕ˲һú֮ġõﵹֱ˵
ң
˾Ȼ㣿
δأɺȵֻնһܵϣʱһǶӳ㻹ôң
ߣЦõһֲֻЦְ֮Ϊ׼ġʵҲֻۺķݡ
㣡ȭͷġֱ죬Ҳ
ңʲôңɶӳԺ÷һŶˣӣɾҪһΥˡôˣȭͷҲյӲģôҲԣڲңԺھٶֿɾǷϵˡڶ֣һڲʺ
ɾȵģõЦĻ֦չǰŤ
Ů˻Ǽ˶С˵ȻǷǳСģȻͬɣҲֻͬѣΪվõĶϡ
ʱ˿̣Ҳֻܱõ裬˭ûһѡţȻԼ鳤ʸûУţţڣ˭
΢ͷȫŭڲܶ˶ڲ룬õﻹ˵ȥɿ»ȥƴˡ
õҲûɳľȻ˵ͣȻǴӴԺұϹϾ˾ȻҲõġһ㰲ŵɵĲ£Ҷ˲赹ˮĦ
Ц
ʱһźݵع߷ȥüĿӢʮ㣬ϵЩ΢΢ŭ⣬߼޷ڸǵĹ
ҼѬճĶʡ
ˣҲ̲ȥУ
õɵ裬ÿһÿһ䶼ͬһնɵϣʹе֪Ҫ״Ȼɶ
ֻ֪ǽҪֻֻа軹֣ɵ˿ڲϡȻԺ󣬾ԹֻˣΪ˵ɾԻĴ𣬴ӶӰΪ
Ѿɵѣ;·
ϳȥҲ̧°ͣĿõߡһЦôĹûѾôõֵöʵǷᡣ

дһȫʱһƬȻ
õȻǸŮ֮ǰŵ̬Ҳȷǵúܶ˲һѪսʵȴʵʵİҴһǳɵĹʵǾǸպһô˵һողŴﵽһѪսˡ
ѡѪǹԱĹ㳡ϣʵѾ൱ˡܺܶȴû˸
УͻȻQСӣȻڳԣ˵Ƿᣡ
ܲȣ
ѵһֵǳˣǸԺĵһͷ
֮ǰǴﵽѡҪţɳ࿴һۣнҲȺĬĬشС
Ǹ֣ǸͷͷࣿǴʱڴĽ
õҲǱеƸסˣ˼֣Բݰ֮磬˵Ǹͣ
˵ͬʱõѷĳϣһʱ׼ӭսģ
ǳ롣ڡѪǹĿˣûϳٶҺﶯ֣ǶѪǹǴ󲻾ܶߵͣ¡һ˵ǡôʾõղŶɲϵĶˣǱʶ϶õһˣѪǹŵĿ֮ʣֻԼʹˡ
һõԵùˡʱһԸϣܺݺݵĽѵŮһ٣Ҳ
һĻҲŮȴ⵽˶˵Ҳѵһ¡
õܵϳȺеı仯ʱһŭӿͷìͷתУԼӦúúһǡ
ߣõЦҲֻ˵˵ѡ˵ҪңȴҸڲҶ֡б£ǳȥ
кûбõǣűߣǵ˵ѳΪ˽㣬ǳȥ϶Ҳв˸ųȥͬӰѪǹĿˡ
ڵͦ࡭
õȡЦеʱдŵҪԳԿͷֺαñķʽмӴ㲻ҪѪǹ㲻Ҫɵ˾ҾͷɣѪǹһҵģ
һȺһɧ
ˣˡʶѪǹ˵ĸ߳Ҫˡ
˲ʶУȴΨһʶеˡͷæ͵͵е½ǣСУ֪Ϊҳ˵̫ͷˡҪҪһĴ󶦰ѵ㻹û𣿡
ȴ΢΢һЦӦɣҵȻˡ
㻹ڳԸʲôղһ˽ƵսѾˣӦüþյġ
ˣԭΪǴӣ˵ʲôҪҲΪ˱õսֱڣɻǰһͨͨˡ
пºڣõﲻɵЦŭȫƽ˵ô˵ҪһĶ
ٶε
ãõһδһвģҲûѪŷжʱ˵סʼҺɴûжԼɼ˱ˣһǵµԼ
ϴûԼɼ˱ˡжԼͲҼ˱ˣ¶Цݡ
õ⸱Цᶨ˵ǰװ⣬ҵ۾
֪еӼᶨҾٲҵȥ
һ仰ȫձ˼ޡ
û뵽оȻõ
ңҡõ﷢ԱܵԥЩؿǰˡû뵽˾Ȼ˴ǣȻԽˣԽõﻳɣǲǹƣԼȥҺģ
ȨõﻹûһӦϾ̫ˡ
ʱ̣ȴһݡͰαҶԲġ
ҪõＱæץסݣʱȫǣűˡ
еһЦȥܼ򵥣£ϳϿҿҵĵǸ
㣡ңõʱðɡ
ȴɫ͵һ䣬ǰݺݵһŭȵҲ֪˵ʱôģ
еͻȻ׶֮һΰõסһԵɣҲ͵һӡепһºƵˣ˱һ棿
׻˵ԽºûƢ˷ǲ˺¡⻰Ȼ١
һ̣Ҳٺõ˵͵ת10000ȥ
СɻסУоѾ֣ץס˴󶦵ֻš


274 ɵĳ
оٶʼˣ
߳٣˶ĿתĶУ
һεľٶֻǾѪǹǷҪһĽߣеõܷõӦеĳͷ
ֵܵĿ˺ţɳӵǵθڡɪɪ󲿷Ƥ϶ϸСĺ飬ΪԹߵҲŽ
ȴ벻дʱľ
ɿһֻ֣һְֻѶ˼һᣬǰֻɿַȥ
ǲ׷â¶ֻҪܾС¶ĺû£ֱӽ10000󶦾
һ̣ɺõĶᵽɤϡ
ɰڴһ٣
Ȼһ֮䣬10000󶦾ͱоٹͷ
аѴ󶦾󣬲ûϷ£ǾŴתõ΢΢һЦٽƽȵķ¡
õﲻ᲻ףʤ΢Ц
ɺõţɳǿ˵ĸˣ۾͵һ
ֵĸһѪսһǳɵİѴ󶦾ٶģУ
ûһֻȥٶΪľʵûĿٶȣ󣬻չֳʵߡ
Ȼʵδ˾ûأʱ˭Ҳ֪˭ĵϸ
顪
أõٴ΢΢һȫ룬һԹߵĻУ˶
ǺΪгɹľ˶ӮⳡԡڴţղŻŵõɹͷϴ
ģӮˣ
пͷˣ
ûĶˣȻԡ׾ٵľͽ10000󶦾ٹͷ˲Ҳ࿴ƵЦš
лӦʽЦЦǫ˵Ҳͣصòˡ
ǫˡԱɣ
У18ꡣ
ԣȺһһ۾пָָ׷оԼǱ˲񵽵
û뵽ôᰡ18꣡һѪսʲô
ֹûղžٶһƺ˵أԲǳһѪսҵ죬ţ
ѪǹջˡѪǹܶһʵҲҪǿٰ
Ȼ̾˶࣬Ҳгַģǲ̫ˣѪǹŵѪսҲв٣һһѪսļܶɶӰ죿
ǣķ⵽˵Ŀˮ㶮ʲôȻֻһѪսͲŶ18갡18һѪսԺķչռжʷǼλѪһѪսʱҲ18갡
˵Ѫǹţ˲ţǵڡѪӵ۹ɷѪҪġ̫֮ĽҲȤɣ
Ȼ츳ãҲҪڷܲСպ˺ӣ˼ȡڼպȻҲжĳɾ͡һˣ൱ġҰݷʦʮиŬҲֻǸ۷Ѫս˱ˣ˰
˲ţЩҲһЩ֮ܶѪǹ¼񵽱ˡ
˵ķ׷ۣ治ɫ費ǰʱѾϰбһʱ˿Ŀ⡣һκ͵һĻΪƣܹ̹Ȼ֮
۵ʱȴһԲһֱô͵ĿⶢС
г΢΢һЦЦϡ̹ûһ˿ͳŪ
ɿɣþȣʲô˵ǰҺ˵δػ㣬̹ϵʵıֲϷŪʲõڣѪǹԳѲ硣
֪ǲԸ˵ҲСӦô˵ǴӦѪǹˣ
еͷҶˣȻҪˣȻǵѪǹҳէԴ½Ǻ˽⣬иŵĵطҲáξٰԶԼȰ˵
̫ˣû뵽ȻǸеĸ֣ԣǸеĸ֣ӦǸеĸ߸ֲŶԣҵǲȻûǺһ׮ѪǹҾ͸Ӻûˣ
δЦ꣬üͷ૵ֻڼѾĸһѪսˣʣҲи֣аûУ
ɣɲķ񰡣㲻ŵ𣿡֪ΪõԱЩԱԽȷĿ꣬ԼǴҪģõﵱҪġֻõɳƽõﲻȻĶɷʩɲһϣָģӶӰ쵽ȡ
ɵļͷѼĵĽİɣ־ڱصáҽ쵽ҶһһɨһۣѾĲˣʣµֲࡣ
ҲóͻȻһɳݡ
еһЦٺɶ˵תõȥ
õжԼɣ
õɫһɷףڹ㳡벻֪룬Ϳʼֺӱȫˡ
ͷŸҴ塣
ǸǸ
кô˸Լ׳ͦˣЦЦĳõȥ
дߵɷӦһԾŶСŮҲӦһŵǧõ˲ˣ˵䲻𡣡ǸԹԹг𱨳ˣǰǰƺȻҲϧ
㡪õﱻбƵû˵ɰױ죬Ѫ
õе˵ͷ˵ú˵Ǹ֪ܵˣǾɣ㿴˶ŵġ
ʱв
԰ǸǲЦģ
˾ҪϣʲôֲҪȥ
˭ôţڶѪս㶼޲⣡
ӸԴʱ쾡µֳ˶Ⱥдغţ˶ӣõҲ֪˭
õ̧ţһ
õһ˶ʱؿõ
Բ𣡡õҧǶݺݵ³֣Ȼɱȥˡ̬ȲϿңҲû¹˵Բ֣Ѿĵˡ
֮뿪Ȼû˭Ҳûƾȥ
ôȻˡɵǲġ
ˣõıӰ˵ѿѾӮˡɣǿˡ
ߣһ㶼Ѫǹһӿ̿һҪԼսʤ
־пĵسɵؿڸһȭ˵ףɽʤȫеͦһԺٻһѡǻԵɺϵĽύѣ߶ߵĿɾˡǼʶһ㣬ԲԵĿ佱
¹󣬿˼СһγʱĿˣ𽥱ûм飬ƽβˡ
˴ѪǹĿÿһ궼ҪһЩܹ1300ͨˣֱӽѪǹ±1100鳤ʸ400ӳʸ32ʸ6
Ҳ˵йֳһѪսεĿˣһ6һѪսμӣ
ȥĿˣÿζֻд󼸰ˣȴǧˣһþʸҲҪࡣ˵ѪǹľٿնҲҪ࣬ǲԱ䡣ӳն22ն3ô˵öӳʸ˶Ҫٽһʵսʸ
ҪΪѪǹһԱкǰһս
ĦȭƣԴϺͰ׾ʿǳսûսˡȻûȥ죬ʵûš
ڱηսʱȴڴ
һҹɱѪǹϢӭӵڶĽ
жԣһҹ¡


ʱ֣ѪǹϿմʱ䡣
ɵĺĽ׺ϲŴϵĺɫ֣ʴ洦ɼȻϲ¡
ԭ죬Ѫǹŵɻ飬һ׮¡
ֵֻǣѪǹѧʥ֮һ¼ָĴɣΪѪǹŵһô£Ѫǹ̩һû¹ͣûдĸװŪųֻǲݲݵĽ׺һúܶ಻֪ơ
ǲ֪̩ӺǸɵӡ
̩кܶ࣬Ҳв٣ȴֻкһӣĶŮ˿ʮ꣬Ų½˶ӣһڶżꡣ
εǣίεĴӺȴһɵӡ׵̬̩ϵɶȥһȺСҸӰˣú̩ĺҲĳӰࡣӣҲЩСС˼ꡣ
ǰ̩˸šȥȴ޷Ӧں̩׼ע֮ʱһϱȴǺ̩ԥöһ¡
ֻǺ͵һεĻԽļˡ˵ֻ߹ֹҵڰӶѡ
ɵģҲںЩϱȻ޸ɵӣôۼͥжǿҲضǲӵġԼĻҲʲôԹԡ
ѪǹĻһȻ
ξٰΪˡĻˣĹһ춼뵽硣ѪǹҲûܵɵ˺ڵĴﹲͬơ̫ƣڳ뿪صѪǹӪ
һȥӪֵǶΧ˹ѯõʲôͣҪٺһ١Ǿһ硣
ģȻĵ˽յѪǹ
ʲôֳ𣿡ξٰԵľþˣһ죬ŵ˲ˣȻѬѬȴúܡ
У˴𻰵ٵĿնжѡһѪս
һѪսξٰüǺܶడȥĿˣҲһѪս
εĲͬεһѪսշǷһĴ󶦸ƵģȻֻһһˣٶƵİѴ󶦾ʱŽһ
ôͣ
18ꡣ
18꣡ǿǸ˲ŰξٰҲɵþ֮̾࣬ȴźĴȣ̳һš
ʱʵξٰôˣе˸֣㲻𣿡
ξٰҡҡͷ¡ʶһ֣ЦҲҲᣬ֮ѪǹȰΣ֨֨ԥȥѪǹûȤҪѪǹŵǻŵر
ôȻܵõξٰ˸ߵۣ
ʲôճȺȴ塢͡ţǰ;ξٰ̾Ϣһȥźţ
¾̳ξٰʵ˵Ǹ˽ʲôְ֣֮ȲʤȯˣҲȼס
һ֡
รСξٰԵͷ˼룬ͻȻһ̳ͣݺһף͵˵ܻȥһץס죬ȵ˵ʲô
ξٰС
УңǸУ
ǣ֡
ξٰͻȻЦһɣݺݵͷЦģҲԼˣ


275 һѪսս
գģԡ·ʵĴЦЦȴΪʾġЧƽȵĶǶܵǹ廹Ǽ
ѪǹŵʮɶߣΡɭϣһ׵İɫ£ʾ˹ĸ߸ϺʥϡĽһټĹ㳡㳡Ѫǹ˵Ĺ㳡ɲͬľ֦ҶïҲȫǾµʯ̾ͶɣԵôվ㳡ϾѸоĿٳǰһۣǸһɺ嫸Ȼ
Ҳʲôϡ£ĴɣѪǹŵĺĽܴرƣҲһּʧܡ
ԣʱ򻪹󲢲ݳޣҪʵ
ʱ˿̣ǧ˾ۼǰĹ㳡һҲԵӵ㳡Ѵ˶ʮ̨ΪյľٽáǸ̨󣬿֪ǽר̨
кһѪսվ̨ǰµܸ˽
ܸվڽϣ׵ʿЩʿ࣬ĿôվĸоɢɱһȺɱצϵǽְбİʵסݽߺڹǰɸ߲㡣
л᲻ʵͼıߣűĻᷢңɱɵҪʿЩѪǹŲòϾǰǾ͸ɹɼϸڴɱڳϵ顣ֻǼϸ°¶ֻѪǹһǼϸ֮ȴҲûǼϸѪǹ
ֻϵĴսսսԴսȵҲǲ
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ܹעһǱʶҲǱΪһţȻҪкúôһɳţڿʱͲ˿ڽǣǽҪݺݴ򷭵Ķ
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ֻ̫̨ʱһһͷصڵأԴĳѪҪҽʦһڡ
ţҡҡͷ̨ɨһۣȵ˭


276 ʦ˼
ţţĿɳϣڽһ٣ɳһֱţҺҽ𣿡
ţжţҲһֱ𣿡ɳŽżڵһ㣬˾ӯӯԾ̨һֱԵиоĲ
֪˰ɣͶüֻҪ㺰ţүүҾͲƽϡȻıҶԱ˻飬㣡һ
ţֻѵʱǻɽѧɣСҪҺţүүҲҲգîˣǲ㣬ҾͺţүүΣǲأ
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277 һж
УҪģԭݺһõʱȴ˴̼ðɡȴûŭһȻɵ˵Ĵӵָ㽭ɽֻǰѱӰá
ףõ㿴ŮˣǸôԶҪƯһᣬָķ߶ŮӣЦⰻȻĶõ˵
Ҳ˳ɵĿ⳯ȥȻŮһȺɵӵĻǳȻԶŮӵ׿Խ˺ʻȷõȥ
ŮӣǰѪǹķ࣬õׯأһĳۡȻᣬպӺݻӡںɵ檣һ崿ˬΨһǣûЦݣǺĵĮھ̩ʱҲֻǷʽ˸кŮǰԷֵˣѪǹδļ̳ˣɡ
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Īģһ˿ĸоеĵʱ֪ЦЦݣ½ЦЦûж˵һ仰ֻǱ˴˻أȻۿЦЦξٰԵĻ뿪ԼҲû뵽տЦЦΪ˸ĵһֱ
ЦЦºĿ˹֪ԷҲԼ
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ΪǺڵΪʲôûͬʦ˵аܹ
޷ڵ֪̫ʵΪ˵ʵ
Ҧӻ㱨ʱҲʡݶᴬһΣҦӲΪѾһ֮սʤλͽĵز
ǲƺȻʲô˵
ƺȻû̧ͷشҦӣʦˣ޻˵Ըκγͷ
ͷͷʲôãûӻ˵ѾһʧˣѵҪ˴иҴʧɣ
ȻѾײʦŭʱ򿪿˵ƺȻĵӱ׳һЩʦʵڲףоʲôˣôҪ𣿡
㶮ʲôУǵڵõҽӵּҦӺɸֵĿƺȻһۡ
ҦǸȥʮͷʱһʦģҲȷϡ顱ƣëȴһоͷ
ּƺȻѵĺֵйأ
ߣҦƳƺȻһۣǷŮҪˡ
ԣƺȻȵŤ·𰸴𺳡
Ů򵥵ĸҦﶼӶԿķֺĴڡƺȻͺСֱǼֱеˡ
ΪҦӵ״ͽ֪һЩʦ顣֪ʦ𾴵ľǷŮݵҲǷŮ񣬷ŮֱҦڵڼʮ꣬ɸκ˶޷άϵľġֻҪŮ˵һ仰ʹһܱ¶˼ҦӾͻ޷˵뿪ɡ
ƺȻЩճյʵŮ񻹻ţ
Ҧӵ϶ʱһ䡣
æҦ˵ǰ˵ʦϢŭʦֵ˼ʣŮĳǺָ߸ϵĴ˽Ĳࡣ
ԣҦӵԺЩҲûжƺȻʹʲôֶΡ
ƺȻøмĿ⿴˺һۡ
ʦֵϵǣҦӾȻѡ˰˫Ʒϥϣ΢΢ͷ͸İ
˵ܽ궼ȥһ磬Ĵѵ㲻񣿡
СʵŮȥһ磿
šּһֶͨδҵġ
㵹һԼнţڳΪҦӵ״ͽõӿ϶ţʦвʵ־Ϊ˵ĸо
궼ȥһ磿
һ紫Ϣ
Ǿ
ֻܰ쵽
ֲʦĴ߶ǷŮ˳ݣˡ
㲻Ҳ޼
ɲǼ䣬ԷŮҲ˾
ͻȻһƬʦͽǶ·˼
Ҳ֪˶ãƺȻȿ˵֪ģŮתֱ޳Σνǵ˴ڵ֮ףʵҲѪ½۷壬볾׵н紫ԣŮ׽ֵĵֻһѪһǵһ̫ڵ걻ǳΪѪ˫ʵҲѪ½۷塣˵ŮһֱĽȴŮɫĽŮ񣬷ŮȴΪһֱδӦ
Ҧӵƽ׷£ԷŮ黹Щ˽⡣
ƺȻЩʦ˵ģͽȻʦĻμġֻǲףкεºܣȻܹ÷Ůּ
ҦΪʦ̫ŮּлᵽһˣǸҲиȤǰдصڣΪ˲ǸȰжߡ
ƺȻЩ죬ʵʲôˣȻҺͷŮˣ
ҦЦһһ̫ӣ
ƺȻٴξ˵ͺ
ֵ㾪ȵʵ𣿵ǻΪʾˣǱǸܵܡ
Щ˵Ȼ˷˼ҦӼ룬ĵ˵ŮּңҲΪѾˡȴû뵽Ҳѳ񡣡
֪ҦгĶ壬æʵʦ˵Ҳȥһ磿
Ҧءšһ
Ůͬ硣
ǵġǸ磬һµݣһµ֡
ּ֣Ҧ̧ͷŲƣ˵Ǹ磬


281 Գ
ҦӵĻƺȻͺ̫̫𺳣·ǰһµĴţźǹӴӦӲϾֻܴضĸ̾ԼСͶЩδ֪еǿ
Ůȥһ磬ţһ̫ȥһ磬ţѪЩһֱѶȫޣǲҲȥһ磬Ҳأ
ҦͬҲƺȻͺɻֻòȷĿ˵˭֪أ
Ѫ½һǿߣõʦʱȷڣ̸λʱСһʱֳͽǰװǿҲСһ֣ԼͬճӤ΢̧ͬͷӥϡ
ţŮͬһʱڷǶʱ䣬Ѫ½ȴһΪҪҲĴ¡Ϊ£˵ʧٶûȥע
ƺȻԵöЩ±Ƚ˽⣬Ժʱðһͷʵʦ˵Ȫ
ҦӿɬһЦǡǼѪ½Ƶսɽһҹ֮һҹ֮ɺԣһҹ֮ήѪ½۷ǿԶѰԵɣ߲ϧĵԣóһۡ
Ȫħ
Ȫħƺһ춼޷ʰħʷѾ֤˼λȪħ¼ÿһθʱд߲Ҳϧֹÿһ֣ȻҪһιӢ۵Ĵ˵
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ƺȻʵ󣬵һ춯صĴսΪʲôʷʹжûⷽļأ
ΪƽβҦ˵ֻе˲֪꾿ʲô
ʮλʮλ߾Ȫħɣûбɱתȥһûκ˵ս·ûзս
Ҧɫص˵д˵Ѫ½ĴߺͻȪħĳЭ顣ڲս£ֹѵķյµĽǣȪħѪ½һ̬תȥ硣
ҦͻȻЦһ˵ʮַ̣·Ѫ½Ĵ߶һȺֻҪΣԼˮֻҪ㲻Ѫ½½ǾͲںĴڡԣȪħˣȥɣȥɣ
ƺȻͺһĬ˶̲סʡ
ƺȻת
ʵȪħת̬𣿡
Ҧӵ˭֪أ
ʦͽٴ˳Ĭ
ȷ˭֪أ
ȪħֻصĿֲڣϵ˭֪أ
ú󣬴ƳҦӡ
˵ЩˣԽԽԶ˵Ҫ
Ȼ£ƺȻͺ㶼ˣʦָʾ
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һ£ҦֵƾҶŮǰһ֪⣬ƢǺܺá
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ͦظĿ㣬˵ǵΡʦԸɣҺʦָһ񣡡
ƺȻͷͬᶨ˵ʦǽɣ
Ҧҡҡͷνʵһû飬ϡΪصҪǵĲǵĹҪд
Ҧ̧ͷ֣ʳָһʱһ͵İ׹˳ȥ
һŵ۵˽
ͬʦĵӣֻλƺȻͺ㡣
ʦҦӾϹֶԵλʦֵͷʾ⣺ʦ֣ʦ֡
ûзŮѪ˫ĴصҦӱָʦϣӦϢ˰ɣ
ҦˣǾǱôӵϢ
ǵӵҲûʧ˵ѾѪǹšҳΪһѪǹ
Ҧüͷ
ƺȻͺһۣϾ¶ɫ˵Ȼķչˡ
Ҧֱʾȥˡ
ҦȥѾ޷ˡ
ƺȻͺʱ򵹡
Ҧվ˫ָ󣬵ȥһ˰ɡ
ƺȻʦҪȥ𣿡
ΪʦȥȻˣѵǽҾȥɼȥˣҲһСĻƽͺ˵
ʦ˵ļǡȻҪȥǾʹǰɣ
ѪǹУҲֻĽСһսȻֵһᣬϾڱ˵ĵ̣˶鷳ǸȥҲãҲкܶǰķ̳ʱǾ͸ݵĵӡ
ǣʦ


ƽԭϣִ࿳ɱստʼʱ򣬲ͬӪ˫ûԺ䣬ֻ˵ˣ˶ѽһգʼּеսͱ㿳һͱһǹԭʼɱȻУֻǻдʵ
սʿѾң֪ѪȺͲбΪֻ֪ҪȥͱҪȥһһȥûе£Ǿ˫סٺݺݵһŤǶԷûе£ǽ־ֻһԼѾˡ
ɱȻңԵһϷ硣Ǿǿߣôһ˵ŻԵüΪҪӶһ˵Ӣ塣֧ϷĶﲢûǿߣȴΪԾļһ
һִһѺɫǧ֮֮أɫҷ裬ûлˡߵأ磬κ˶ܽ롣
һ̤ڰеͷɡһ㱻ŤĿռ䣬ʱһƴӿռըֵЩļʸռ⣬һڵĽ㣬ΪɱСħ֪ѴӶսʿǺĻľ˽ȥȻӱд˳
˶ûгɾͻ굤ĳΪսϵǣ·Ǿһ֮Ӱ쵽սƵǿߡ
ƽԭϱһɽ
ɽû֡սһ֡
һ硰飬࡭ۡ
˵ǰҲڼɽظȡʤûɽȡɽɽĸɽЩɽµ֣СɽСɽСɽССɽСɽȵȵȵȡ
Щȫµɽ¼ʤ
ȡĸɽɽϣվһһŮĿתĿɽµսŮӵĿ⣬רעضžǻԾˡг˺⡣
ŮӺᣬʮ겻ӣɫ㣬ɫĶٿм˵һ˫Ⱥֱܳżĳ㹴ճѵġһӣ˸һһƵĹ⣬
ˣŮеĺ⣬Щʱվһᾪȵķ֣ҫ£ŮӵӰӱڽ£ŨǸ˽£ȻӰӶûС
壬Ѫϴҵĳˣ
ǵġеĺŨˣסһ񾩹˹ү
үǲ𡣡
壬Ҳô
ģҪɱңֻҪһ͹ˡ
㲻Ķ֣ѵ̫Ľ̻û취ѵ̫Ľ̻


282 ǹ
̫Ľ̵Ȼ¡̫Ľ̴ӽ𣬾ͲκˡûӰӵ˺Ƶ˵̫Ľ̲ηȨЩڣڳСҰԶ̫֮ˡ壬̰ɡֻҪΪ̫֮ˣݾڶԸˣԺҲܹԸġˣڲǣһ̣ҾܶýеԴճɾͻ굤ܱˡ
忡һ˿į˵ʦһƬҶĿ˼ƯԭΪûҵˣ޿ȴû뵽Լ壬žҵĴݶץסҲҪ⵽Ǵ
壬һʣͳ֮͢սѾͽڶ˹ϵ̫Ľ֮һվıߣ
˷ʵ㣬Ըվıߣ
岻˼˵޼ɣҵĳˡ͢йݣҲҵĳˡ
΢΢һЦͶˡ̫Ľеһκ۹йصĶϹϵϣûһֵ̫Ľȥԣ̫ĽҲ
ͷ壬̡
˳һ̾ɫͻȻޱأϷ
磬гСң̫ĽлӴ˳Ϊ̫֮ˣ֮ûκ㱨𣬵ԸңҪгС޷ֻ֣ôúõչ˰壬ҲΪ㣬Ϊǵĸ׾ˡ
ԣеĺʧĿг壬㣬Ȫ֮¸׺үүܰϢˡ
壬߰ɡ̫Ľһִ£ܶһЩԴɾͻ굤˵ɾ˻굤ٽСӾͲڻˡ
˵仰ͬʱгƤͻȻڣ·һĨɫĽŵ˲佫û˾Ȼͱһźɫɫ
ⲻǴĺɫһɫӰ
£гûӰӣӰӣȻԼ
ӰΪһ磬һźɫƽץסȥ
ɽ£Ȼɱ
Ѫɺӡ


в֪ѪǹʱԶɽ֮еĵһʦͽԻҲ͸֪һһδйصս
ֻ֪ڵ緢ԼͻȻ֮Сƹ˵׽Ҳմ˹⡣
ȻǸմˡ
˵ɴﵽ˳ΪѪǹӳĿģΪֵĺʵʺôƺȵһӳӷʢͬΪӳȦӳܵ𾴺Ͱͽࡣ
бĵļõƣҲȥһ֮ǰǸϳľƹݺúҫһ
жС˵־̬⡣뵱ۣܵʹʱ˿̵ɲһһģ
ˣͿԸߵҸߵиߵĺô
̤Ѫ½ĵһĵá
ڴ½Ⱦ۸˾ԽࡣǿƵ㣬˼Ҿ㡣
вϡ˼Ҷϣ˰ɸ۸Ķ
ڵЩӣĺҲܵ⡣
ΪѪǹȻĵõһѪǹ绹̫˽⣬ȻҲ̫ΪΪ֪ǰѪǹûȥһᱻսΪ
һѪǹŵǹ
ǹͨ͸ѪǹŸոһʵʮ˰ͨߣڲ֪֮䣬ǹҪͻˡ
һǹһǹգХǹźصĺ˷еǹˮ㱼ߣ֮ͣɱ֮
֪ʲôʱеѱ÷ǳأ۾εضǹͷרע档
һǹջ֮Ѫǹ˵ѪǹӳȻûеõѪǹʸ񣬵Ѫǹȴܹѧϰġ㿴ôãѲǻѧĺѧĲһô
ֻһˣоԹԵ˵ŻյЩ졣
ϢĺܺáǾƾݱ¶ҽ͵ϮǴɱȰ㻹ǴͷΪϢҡ
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ԱϣбһӺȻ߳һˡ
һŮˣõ
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м˵ѪǹĹأĴͳʦʱ¹κ˾ʱ뵥ϥ¹Ѫǹһ֧ľӣӱȻҪоӵĹأȻγΪµһ
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ʱ˿̣кõ֮Ӿѡ
ΪõĶ
ΪʱĶɱ⡣
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нѪǹɨȻѪǹСʱߵһѾжϣץסһˣָõ
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ģʮƽսһԹߡ
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ǹҶֽƮᰴԼԸߡ
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283 ׷亣ʯ
һƬƬҶƮ䣬Ů˵㷢ϻ䣬˵ֱ϶⡣
ˡ˵Ȼ΢Ц
õͺһҪʱнǹһգɨǹõĲϣڵء
вϧ񣬻вԸõϧֱĽõڵءõһֻܵػϥأһֻȻǿţγһϥ¹ơ
ϣܼסѵ´ټʱӦơӳѣҲȻҪǹأزҶģ;ʦġȥ
Ȼһ취Լ뿪ӴԺͲᾭˡ᲻ߣǾ͵ʵʵˡ
õͷϺ㹻ǽῴһס׵˽ȭͷĿֱ죬ȴҲֻܼͷ¶ΪѾ֪Լǰ˵Ķ֡
ʱˣڶǹˡԼľȶԷߣĶǳס
ʵĲˣ϶С
нǹӵʰѪǹ
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õû˵û磬ûٴƣתȥĺޡ
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ּȻǹХȻ޺ۡ
ǺǹѧѪǹȻܹһǹʤӢ۳꣬
һŮеĶ䣬һŮԾҲ֪ӾжᣬȻϴôá
л쾿˭Ĳ䱾ôãǰæ˫ֱǹùĿǵٷˣ
ΧһȦĿشмζ
ɺĴԭʱ΢΢ȴû˵һ仰·Ѿ˵˺ܶ໰
Ϊ˼
κ˶׵˼
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Ȼû˵һ仰
ٷˣ㡭ֹ
΢Ц˵ʲô
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Ŀ΢΢һͣʵҲƯ
Ưƶ˵
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Ϊٷˡ
ЦһЩ뼥Ǹɵӡ
ɵҲɷ򡣡
ɷŮ˾Ͳˣ
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ǰ˭涨ɷŮ˾Ͳˣ
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ظ֮ǰ˵Ļ
ٷˣء
ԭڸеĶ䣬仰ϸʮָʱסģ
еһֱûԼں㿪Ц
㲻ڣ֪֪ѪǹֶҵĴȻǸɵӸȥ
ǰ𣿡

Ĵ࣬еֵ
㣡û뵽л˵һ仰ʱɫͺȵУô󵨣
ƳһۣٷˣҺ˵ҲԸѪǹˣһǰһ֡
ѹסŭʵʲô֣

³֣ޱתش߳ȥǹ鱻Ů˴ţû¡
еıӰʯ
ãָ̧֣еָͣزš
Ȼ˵Ҽ
һƬҶƮ䣬ͣŮ˵Ķϡ
һѽҶ£˺ɷ顣
ʱȥУ﷢ŭ඼ûпһӺ滹һӰ
Ǳӷŭõ


нƺŮԵ
߳ЩƣǴͥԺһ԰ĺ
ߵһʯͷһŮӡ
տŮӡ
һͣ½ŲŮӡ
Ůԭ֣ԴѪǹźֶһ֡
ǶСЦˡ
Ѫ䣬ĥأЦЦЦˡ
ԴѪǹźвǵһοЦˡ׼ȷ˵ЦˡΪֻҪĺͻῴЦ˵Ӱ
ɴʱ˿̣ķĺΪ֪Ůӻֶĺ
ԼЩ׽͸ˡ
֮ˣΪŮӣ
ôؿţͦá
֪䣬һʱȥˡ
ЦЦؿźоؿЦЦеϵϵĳ澲ؿǡ
׺г£ЦЦеˡ¶įеУе
ͻȻ֣ԭԼĵŮһֱԼߡ
ϣһ򵥵ġԸΪࡱе˸
ĺϣжԼġ
ǼֵĺлĲᷢԼ㺡
ЦЦȥ
ЦЦûж˵ʲôֻǵĵͷ
Ц
ЦЦЦ
½ҲûӡЦˣܷΪҴһ
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һΣûǾϤġԸΪࡱȴһ䵭Ļ
Ҵ࣬ͲҪЦˡ
ЦЦȥ˭Ҵġ
жʱһ˿⣬˺һЦЦΪҴһ𣿡棬Ͱʱǡ
ЦЦС
ãӣԸΪࡣ


磬ˮҶ
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֪ʱѾЦЦߡ
ЦЦһȹŽѾںˮĵ˱죬תΪ֣СѾҲͯһ㣬ںˮõС㡣
Ǿʱ飬һ˵ű˴˵¡
һ̣Ժûκͷֻ֪ԼǸˣЦЦǸŮˣõѡ
˭û˵˴˵£ûκε֫Ӵ
ڤڤ֮УЩ£ȴ·ѷ
Ĵ򿪣Ȼ׷䣬ʯá


284 
ȻҲ׵Ĵ򣿡
Сʱ򰤴Ǽҳ㷹
ôŮôҲ뵽Ͱйء
ʵܵƤģкӰ١
۸С𣿡
ڸǰٿ޸״һ类ѹӴƨɡ
ô˵㻹һɵĻС
Ǳߵ֤ͨ
Ȼ˵޳ܲҲĻ
޳ܵĻҶ˵ó
Ҳţһԡ
ҽܺã֪ʲôԭ𣿡
֪
֪𣿡
롣
ΪϳʱҲȵˡ

дӣЦЦЦ
⻹еһοЦЦЦ
߷ߵ˵ⲻ޳ܣģ
ЦЦκ˵ұһĵˡ
ͻȻ˵Цÿ
ЦЦʵѵҲЦͲÿ
̹ϵ˵ûЦʱÿ
ϣҺÿǲÿ
ȻǺÿ
ԺһʱҾЦ
һů⣬лл
֪ЦЦįɺÿʲôأվǱ˵ӣЦҲֻΪһ˶Ц
в֪ȥֻ棬˵ЦЦΪҴһɡ
ûСԸΪࡱĻﴫȻںϵ
ŵź棬ЦЦŵУеϵϵĳŵУΪࡣ
в֪ЦЦڴʱȴߡ
У֪ѧѡʦʱ˵һֵҵΪˣĵˡڣûбҪ˵ΪǱ˵ӡ
һֻΪ㴵
գдӻͳһ̯ƣ÷չ
ҹмʱġ
ʲô
Ҿÿˡܻʺˡ
ЦЦȥһ״ķſĳ̵·ֻҪһѷɵĸ߷ɡ
ȷƯ
ҲƯˡ
ЦЦȵʵҪ͸ң
ǰĶȻҪˡЦЦȵ飬оЩˡ
ŷߵЦЦ󣬵Ϊϡ
ЦЦĴʯͷվæ˺
ԽˣʵЦЦʲô
ЦЦԭط˼㶣Ȼһ첽ȥ
һһߵУⷢܺÿˣлл㣡
бЦЦľٶŪЩ޴룬кסеԽԽС
ȴôҲ뵽ڱеЦЦ档
֪ЦЦļһϰףŮ˷Ů󰮵˼ŮԸΪϷǾǴӦһԶֿ
ЦЦΪд࣬б˰⡣
ЦЦͷЦЦܵеİ⡣
ЦЦȴΪϡ
ΪЦˡ
УǴԵֻΪѡϣһǻʱٺúమ
й̵˳ЦЦջ䣬ڱܵķлɾӨ顣
ĺϣǸѶԼİŮĵѾʯͬһȴ˻ĵܡ
紵ֻĺڷ
ʱȥŮˣȻվںߵ˶ûз֣һ󣬶һŮˡ
Ů˵УԹ޵Ĺ⡣
Թ޹ǽЦ
Ů˵У벻㾹ȻŮ˻ģѪǹλٷ˶塣ߣҿԺѪǹԴ
Ů˸մ뿪ͻȻͣתתһȥ
ǸһլӣլһŮˡ


ҹз硣
ݶһС򣬴ѪǹŲԶнҲֻʱӻ㷱쳵ˮﲻһϵľ󡣵Ͼֻǿ㸻ԣСһҹţֻʮõǰż˽
ߵһõһķ䡣ռһСԺƽ˾סõ궫ԼסҲ⿪ţÿ¾ֻôҹơ
ҹеơ
ΪռСԺ·޷̫ĻʱԻһϢ
Ϣܼ٣Ӧһġ
欣ܿҰһӵŮƵ
ĵһֱţΪ˶ڴ˹ҹֻڱ˴˵һỰ
û뵽С˵ôʣԭͺйˡ
ʦĿǰкܿأû֤ǲ
֤֤ʲôûУѵŪ
褰ѳӴӱڴͷüһ˿ǣ࣬ˣ
ᶨ˵ֲɡ
ʵôͻȻ¶ˣǸЦЦȥǸܹвˡѲɡ㣿
ôǵңƳһۣҺû˵ЦЦСˣǿԽԽҪˣ϶ٰС˺ӺáС˻ˣﻹʲôںò֪к£ȻҪסᡣ
˼һ󣬵ЩõġǸŮĸʱУн˺ӣ㲻òǲ䣿
ֻ˵
˵һ䣬Ȼ褵ĻͻȻ὿࣬ʵ˵ôأǵĿҪС˸ϳȥвһ㡣õںŪңУҲͰİѱԺ󻹲ΪȳԼˣֻһһãõȻУһѪսʿ˲ŵѰȥ褣ҵĺø磬Ͱң
סЦѽԽԽļˣ浣ıһƵͷˡ
ôأ죬˵ҿˣΪǸãĵλߣǶԺҲкܴôġ
һ褾ȫˡһսԭЩ𽥻ָ˻§ס࣬ã˵ʲôʲô
ҵĺø硣һڣЦ룬ĺӣҾȥŪӴԺҾĸƾӹѪǹŵϸλպˣ̳֮λ˾ҺĶӡ˵ǸʱѪǹ˭ģ
褵ʱһݣȻϲ˵࣬Ըӣ
⻹м٣˵ˣˡƶ˵
ã˵Ҫʲôºԥ˵
Ҫ㡭СǱŪǱ߾͵ÿˣǾ
ڷ˵ⷬʱ໹ǽյж߶ÿ˵һ仰оͻһĹ⡣˵Ļͷĺ档
⵽޷졣ЦЦ¾Ļˡġ
ô㲻ģСҲе˼
ôأֻһ㿴Ϊ㣬Ѻü¶أ
ߣͷ褻ŲҺãԺ㣡
褷һѾͽѹ£ҪھͲң
һûϢأ
ҲѾӦҪˣҪڷܣ


285 褵
ÿκȦﶼѣҲ⡣
ѪǹŵѷΪ֡һǿԼύģ˵ɡţɳˣڶͨξٰԵĹϵύģһһ𣻵ľˣһ㶼
Ѷһͬ㣬ݶиߡ
ûһݱߵѡ
ˣΪѪǹĴͳ֮һͳ硣ϯ䣬зǵ̸ֹ޲ڸУѡ
Ȼ⡣
ԴӵѪǹͽĵﲻȻһֱûƩĸ߲ΪԼδؾͲǵ£Χ֮ڡ
г֮ңȻֻǵһСȸСȫСͳɳڵȨ֮УĿȾ֮¶ЩϰΪȻΪͳ죬ͳ֮ϻоʦͳ컹˭ұ֤˲ʦλãΪ˴ﵽǸλòʹֶΣ㲻Ѫǹ﷢չҪְȥѪǹŵθ߲㣬Ҳȥȥġ
ҪϵҪ
Щ͹ϵʵ
ǰԼĴǾʵһ֡
жЩҲڳĲѰٶ
һͳһȻټҲǷ¡
ǰͳ컹ڵʱ򣬾;ξٰЩԴȣһĸǳġֻͳܾʦҲ֪¡
ϯϴӦԣں٩٩أʵȴں
ϴһǳҪ¡϶ˣǰ;ϴˣԻǰ̡
зǳء
ǿҲҵ½磬սΪ
ųɣ׹ϵҪԡ
ݵı
ǶеˡһѺܶ˼ϣ˹ȻС
Ҳе־ᣬҲݲñͨ˭Ҳ޷Ǿ˭˭кܶ࣬ûһģһˡ
ݣУ޼޼ɣкܶ๲ͬ㣬ȴͬкܶ಻ͬ㡣
Ǣжȹ֪ǹȥһʱ
һֱŷǳõֱ̬ߵ˵һ仰
УЦȥ
еס
Ķ㣬ЦЦ֪֮˳⣬˴оֹûκγĵطҲ١Ȼˣλ֪Ϊλ˵ⷬ
еĵһӦթϸһ룬ΪҪթԩ޳Ҳֻһв褵ĵλΪʲôҪ
ٿ褵Լ˵иһ˿Ծ
˵ףһͷԵ˵ͳ˵ʲô
վеظЦȥƾ͹ȥ
ЦˣĸЦˣ
Ҷ˵ˣ㻹αװɵأûˡ
ͳ죬ȶˡ
һĨ΢Ц褵գмģУʵЦЦҵֿѡ޹֮ǰҾͺʶ
û˵òĿ⳯ȥ
º͵˵㲻ûɡǵԼЦЦ˵ô֪
˵ţ˫ָ򴰱ȥ߱ߵЦЦ࣬ôԶĵط޹һǼ޸һɵӣ˭ʶ˵ûи顣㣬Ҳѡ
㣬һ뽻ѣЦЦ㡣
лǲΪָűߣǻţھͿˡ͵ʲôû˵պҲüм䣬˻ˮ
ͳˡеͷ΢΢һЦǴɣЩ鲻ò
صͷ
ʵЦЦҪңϣ
ǣλϣ˵ڡʱʣȥˣڼ㡣
֪ʲô𣿡
ǶᣬŮŮһЩôô
лʣ褶Ʊ˴˱ƣ͹ȥɡЦЦȼˡ
жƱһȻĿ˼
褾ؿɫ
ã֣ص˵ھ͹ȥȻվ褱ȭ񣬵ͳ죬лˡ
Ҳվ˰֣ЦЦЦҵѣҲҵˣⶼС飬лʲô
ǣøмĿ⿴һۣȻתȥ
վڴǰ͸ʵıӰƽڸֳһĨթɫ


¹䣬Ҳ߽ܰլԺʱ򣬾Ȼûпһһʼⰵ¹ڵߣһףһЦЦİš
Ȼ֮̿̾ЦЦȻ˵һȥһǸľˣȷܡƤ
ѪǹŵĹأڶСߵլԺȥ
ߵլԺһ滷ˮԺӣ̨ͤˮ鿣ﻨ㣬һ徲֮ء
լԺĳ䷿˸΢΢ĵƹ⣬пǰ˵ЦЦˡ
û˻Ӧ
ЦЦЦЦ
мЦЦ֣ʱﴫһŮ

ᣬȷǸŮƿţ˽ȥ
ʱеԴЩγģҲЩȡ
һ־ƾͷĴ̼пʼ塣
þƣСͻƣҲͿʼ褶ôЩڻеѣΡ
ǰҲԴҲγγûĸоΪһλо巢ȣ
ѾˣЦЦںԼʲô˵ɡ
߽䣬Źסȥ
һ׷ΪС䣬мûǽںֻһԲεľƹšдʱڿͷɨһۣܹżֻһСԲͼԲʡȥһ۱㿴һŴһ۱㿴˴ŵŮӡ
ЦЦ
ЦЦôڴϣ۾
⡭ǸʲôЩˡЦЦйԼȴ˯ڴϣȷжʱƪ
ǣԴγַ̣Ӵ̼ĳЩ뷨
һЦЦȥ
ÿǰһԺֳ︡ľЦЦѵһ·Ļ档ǵߵЦЦǰʱЦЦԺģǰ·Ѹɾˡ
Լһ˫ŶѾʹ
ô峯ЦЦȥ
˼ҲѾ𽥱ͻĸоơ
ȣ̣Ҫ¡
ϲЦЦЦЦҪЦЦܡ
һеһ̫ͻȻ޷ֹ
ǲԸֹ
Ϊʱ˿̣һеһﶼǼΪõġ
ЦЦ
ҲȷЦЦԽԽ
ߵЦЦǰʱִֻӺ潫§ססظϸʮָǰζȵĸо
ʱᵽһɷ㣬һ
УҾ֪᲻ңҵĶԲԣ
˵ţԴһɴŤ˹ȥȻǰһ
еޱȵĲ죬ϵȴѾס˵


286 ݺ飬¹⼰ˮ
ȵĸоеͣԭȹԽ£ڴﵽһ̵ֹĵزдʱָܵоĸţ־ûеȫԺĵزƿ
ﲻ֣ﲢûˣû˵ٷ˵Ĺ˼ɣᵣ˫֮ʱᴥٷĳôĵط
Ǽ䣬Ȼǹɷ㣬һֳֻԲϣһָֻ࣬гԻ
࣬㣡
Ϊʲôңѵҵ𣿡
ЦЦЦЦΪʲô
೯еŮȥôôЦЦˣѵΪģ
еıʱð亹Щѻ˽ȥڼЦЦһ˯ڴϣĪǱʩʲôֶΣ
инһ׷ͷԺ״ԽԽԾˣҲʧȥ֫ʮֱָоǣߵĸо
߽ģҲģ˵Ӱٴοȴȵķ֣ȻЦЦ
ô£ѵһʼͿˣЦЦ
һ̣ЦЦȥȦסĲӣ
þԼΪȴǲܿƣǿҵķӦ͵ƫͷȥЦЦȻ˯ڴϡ
ٴηЦЦƿ
˦˦ԴٴγǰŮȥЦЦࡣ
߿зŭѵѽȭͷ
ߣҿܵȥЦһȻ⿪Լ·㲻˵Ҽ𣿽Ҿúõźң
ܣ
ǺǺǣɲ㡣ҩôǿңܿƵס
ҩԣҩʲôҩҩ֣еԴԽѣ
ͻȻףԼҩˣһһԵҩ
ҵǲǺ˷ѽǲ˹໺ߵԲǰȻ棬һץסе֣˹ԼϣٽбסЦĶҲȥˣ
ʱͻȻһݣ¶õĹâæƿ첽űߡ
һתŴ򿪣˵
ţ࣬ô㣬ôˣ
褸磬ˡãҼнˣ⿴֪зˣӲҽȥҪҡ
ɵôôðգҩԺǿģ
褽໤󣬳ȥֻӵæŹסֻһ϶
ȫͨ죬·л㱣ѱҩȫסһһЦЦĴȥ
ֱЦЦĴ褲ĽŹס
ʲô˶ҴˣǿԿѵ
вУܿҡͷ
Ϊʲô
ԸҡҾͿ
һţ㻹Ǳˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãֱӷﴫ˴Ϣ˵ƻɹˣ뿪һͳȥˡ
š褵ͷעЩǧȥ
֪
ߺȷнȥ뷨Ȩһ뵽վҪҲͲٽȥˡ
ЦЦ棬и档
ߣ˭㲻ʶңһ䣬Ĺ⡣
˵ţ·˺ӣլԺȥ
ţţҪң
һһ߽кԵþʧ룬뿪ԺкԽԽԽԽ࣬˶߸
࿴ڵȺʱȵķ褵߻վһˡ
Ĺ
ԶԶĶ΢΢һЦȻŵʵôˣٷˣ
ͳ죬ͳ죬ңҡҲˣ
ô£֪ʡ
к˾ƣҵķҪᱡң
㣡褳ȥʵٷû°ɣ
û¡۸Ů֮Ĳҳߵˣͼæ˳
̾˿ãá
ǣҳʱ򣬼ѾЦЦķȥˣ
ʲôĹʱҲ̲סˣŭоȻţ
Ĩᣬ޿˵ͳ죬ûпڿ˵ҪҸ˵ı£ΪѪǹŵĵһˡ
󵨣ĹеѪǹϺݺһ壬ŭȵǿϹȥЦ⵽⣡֪ͨʦլԺΧסˣ
һ˵Ȼ𼱻ǵĳլԺȥ
ѹʱ򣬿ĵһЦЦ
ЦЦ۾ѾúޱĿ⿴
ͺκʱһЦЦЦЦЦϺޱ顣
оЦЦһεκһζҪ䡣
Ѿ֪ʲôԱܵ˵ЦЦмˡ
ЦЦ֪
ְסͷյ˵Ҹ
ЦЦҲ㡣
еôܶ顣
ЦЦ˵ѰźˣЩעġ
еҡ
ЦЦ߰ɡ
иջ˵ʲôЦЦѾӣһͷ¡
еͻȻʹ
Щ棬ЩãϵĴ࣬ĺԵĶģɲǼƺˡ
ʱ⴫˳
еһݣʱʶЩʲô
һѾ̫ˣűһɴݺƿ褺ȳ˽
೯пһֳۣЦЦȥʱе޳֮ͽȻЦЦ
Ѿˣв˵ʲôûĻҪ˵ĻȴһʱҲ˵ǡ
οҲϣл˵
褽Ѫǹһͳɱ˹ŭȵû뵽Ȼˣ
Ĺûгֻ֣ԱѵѪǹӦýʦ䡣
ĹҲֻһһѪսҲֻһͳ춼ˣԼȻٳ֣һ١
Ѳµ褵ıȻҲǰʲôٶĽͶΡûѪǹҲûֻóֿȭӦԡ
Ѫǹ
ǧԲȭ
ѧʱ棬غϣб㱻ѪǹĲУײƴ˳ȥ
еС׼ȷ˵ȻֻһѪսǧԲȭȴǾѧз䣬Ҳô졣
֮ױ褴򵹣Ϊʱ㲻ѡ
ֻȴûѡ
ȻҩԲԺ
ЦЦͷųҩԺ־ָĲˣûȫָʱܷӳף褵Ķ֣
褶ȴ׷ʹ򡣴ʱļƻΪؼĲ֣ʱǰдˣô־˵Ǽƻͳ׳ɹˡŹ᣿
ЦЦȡЦЦĻᣬȻҲǲŹġ
С˶ôôഺɰôɱδ̫ϧЩ
һ뵽褱ޱ˷ܣֱӴӱײƵĴȥһߣѪǹһˮ
꣡
صˮϣˮгȥ¹⾡ܺܵˮϵһ󲨶ӳڳС
ʱլԺѾۼˣξٰЩҪõҲ׷׸ϵˣ棬ǶΪеһ˵ȻͻǶлǸˡȻΪеǡ
У
Ǻֻܴǲ֪ѳˮеǷ


287 
бˮ֤в褡
бˮ˵кпܻⳡս
бˮһ¡
ΪˮУƤӱˮ̼󣬱оԼѹԭ޷ۼ֫ȻˣܹԦھĸоҲԼԽԽ
褻Ȼˣʧñʲô
дˮһԾͬԾţ㷭ɵʱǹһУϵĳȻֹ
޴ȫʪվڰߣ褡ۼͷϵĻˮ˳Ŵµķγһεˮ飬еϡϡϡһڣƽȴΪʲô
֪Ϊʲôʲô˼ֻװŲ֪
ʲôΪʲô
Ҷʲôô
㣿ô㣿
ҵҵѪǹŵģ
蹷褴Ϊµ㻹ô
Цʲôˣ
У㲻ҪƱˣ·ҵĲֱ¶ԣҪᱡңˣȥЦЦֱ֣̫޳ˣ
΢΢һ䣬ǸûʹȻµһŮˡ
ע⵽褵Ĳ飬˫һˡ褣Ϊ˰ɣǱΪ飬ϻŪң
˵˵Уſڴƻƣ
֪ҽǰٿĪ磬ֻЦӣ۾
гȥ̾褣ല˵֮һɣ㲻ֵ˺ܼĴࡣ
ԣߵȺһ󻩡
ٷˣѪǹĵһˣƽﶼǸ߸ϣж֣Ӻݻ󣬴Ѫǹŵ󡣿һ˵ٿҵӣе뷨ʱ˾޴仯
Կη˵Ĳʵһ˵ҲбĨڣοһƽ󼫺õĸˡ
ֱ޷죡УѪǹŵʲôطݵҰĹһҪǹս
Ĺǰ棬ͳ죬Ըôһ֪ߵغСõ֣ס
ĹŭԴȣ
ǣȻ
Ĺͳ죬Ĵͳ֮ףȻûȷ涨Ĵͳ˭Ȩ󣬵ÿһͳлȨĹҲλͳ˾ȻƽĹָֻţʱ˿ȴִĹ
Ĺ仰ǷǴеȲˡ
褽ѪǹǰݺһͦʱһȵɱѪǹͷųз·ʱһѪ
û˭Ҫʱ˿̣Ҳ˿ҪֻҪһҪɺξٰЩֵδؾͻ˽׶༪٣ȴ꼰㣬׽˺һ
վԭ˿ڱɵһ
ʵҲΪȻڱдͷԴķǳʣҲ֤ԼʵȴѪǹͳ죬ǸʹﵽѪսزĸ֡ڱʱķͷٴҲΪܹ褿⣬˵ǴˡΪͲһˡ
һǰɵƺһȻˡ
Ǵˡ
ڵһʱûɵѪʱûɵǿħսʱҲûɵ˿ǰɵ
Ĳ
岻˲
褵Ѫǹʱһɾ޴еӿ
һ֣ƻҡҷ𣬺ˮ·ǿＴ
ȻǾͿһһģһӰԺֳ︡Ͽա
ǵӰҲ۾˫۾褵ѪǹѪǹҲ޷ǰ
ʵʣеǰγһܣĿѪǹ
Ѫʿ
ҵ죬оȻǸѪʿ
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ǹɾ޴ô£
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褵۾ӡ͡䡢ëףκһ͸ȥĵطȥƺһٿɿڵʳҪܵᵽʳ
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ŭıһ趯ѪǹתȦѪǹϺݺһ塣
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ǴѪսʿѪշʢЩѪձ;߱аáԱѪɢа
һУɫǱ࣬ΪʱֻеظܵͷųжôǿҡԱѪȻþȫ
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ӶʱɹΣһķ·ҪγѪһ㣬͹ҪۿʶסԼ棬·һԼһ
֪֪֪˶֪褱ˡ
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һЩ»ֲܣҽΪҶֶ飬ƾҽͲ㣡
㲻ˣ
Ĺ۾гһ죬ƾ㻹вң
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ĹǰһһбоһɴԼըæ֡Ǳһţ󵹷ɳȥ
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ĹȻֻƾһ𣬾ͽ褴еоȳ
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ɶеЩֶΣĹѾȫ֪ˡ
Ĺһսвûе
սҪսΪкǲսǾ


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Խ¹£ĹŷﶼΪϿᣬʱ˿Ͽֶһ
ĹѪǹѪǹϵĹ룬Ѫǹǹ˱һɫϸơ·ЩϸһưİۣĹעɫѪɫɢĵ⡣
صĿ⿴Ǹǹ
Ѫǹ֪и֪ǸѪǹԵѪǹͬΪѪǹ
ѪǹѪǹŵҲѪǹŵƣɶѪǹǳϽѪǹаǧˣֻͳʸõһѪǹѪǹͳѪǹر
úͳѪǹսʱûжٸоԼõһѪǹ󣬲֪еİ׻Ѫǹ׻Ѫǹǹ˱ǻְɫϸƵģ׻Ѫǹܷӳصá
ڼĹѪǹս֪Լʤֵࡣ
֪ĹûмսǲȺ˵ξٰڲڣ
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СֵܣСЩȻЩɣξٰԻڴʱ˿̳ƺһֵܡ
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ллж˵
ξٰԵΪˣ㲻£ϣ㲻ߡ
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ɴξٰ˳ŬŬȭͷУҲ㣡
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˭˭ǸҪռٷ˵ǲѾ˴Ϊһϥ߷褣ЩһͳɥѾǷѪǹһ֧ӣϮ˾Ǵ
ξٰʵıһЩ룬ĲԸΪԼܵۡ
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жǹѾ˵Ƿ켫֮սҲ˵ԼǹҪǿܶʱûõģֻʵģʹǹǺĹԿʮغϡ
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褶ԿеԱѪѪıɢĹȴҪֻҪһ𣬾ܽѪӵ£̼䵴Ȼ޴档ʵľ޴
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ͣһᣬԭȥѪð˳
Ĺӹһ˿âû뵽ѪȻǿŶŲߡ
аȻ˵Ǹ˲١Ȼҵ˶ŲߣҵѪ飡
ܺáм汾ˣֵ֣죬ҾնɱѪ飬㸶ŲߵĴۣ
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ɫѪǹϱеҴܣ·һҧ˵С㣬˺еѪ⡣
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ĹĿıݵѪ飬еһסĹնסѪ顣Ѫʱȴֻǿ֣ͷųһַ·Ļ档
˵ЩΪǲɵȼգǻڿԲͬķλĹȥ
Ĺ˫ȻһæԾԾӸµ̬Щ棬죡
ԭΪĹһԾ֮ͻأȴû뵽ڰнżһ㣬һзٴз裬Լٶ˦˻Χ
ȴҲǵУĹٶȹˣȻһմȾĹ½ǣһǰĻ𻨡
һǰĻ𻨣ԿֲٶĹӣһѽ첲ͼȫڻڻĹƤϣʹ졣
ܹʹʱ䲢࣬Ϊ滹ȼա
ɲһĻ棬һǿֻҪմôһǰ㣬԰ճɻҽ
ĹķӦ죬ʶ֮󣬾ϵԼһƣʱֱڻʱ𿪣ߵؼԼؼϵҲ˳ȥ
ȻĹһѪ
ԼԼˣΪľǰǵɡ
ݵʱ̾˶飬һĹЩɥ󻹲ò塣
Ĺӿ£Ǹ˫ȻУͷӿ޵ĺ⡣
ͻȻ£˫ֻѪǹԸѸ͵Ĺٴγдȥ
ն
һΣĿ겻еѪ飬Ҳе壬еѪǹ
Ҫһǹҽ


289 ֮
壬ĳѪ飬ֱӻǹΪľǽ˴ǹĴ˫ѾȥҾ嶼ȥ
ǺεȵǣǺεȵİԵĹһǹӲնȥ
飡
Ѫǹٴײһɷ
иоԼĹͷɢˣһɿɶӿͷŵ׽Լݺݵ
е͵һͣͻȻоࡣ
ΪѾݽˡ
ѱĹһǹؽ
˶ɵˡ
кĹʼսһ˲䣬ǵ۾û뿪ս
ԭΪѪʿ´Ӯ褣ԲܻĹĶ֡Ĺǰ֧żжѡƫƫеķǳɫһĹ壬ѾǴΪԾˡڣĹȻսжŭһ൱񱩵Ĺһǹҽ˵ȥһŵ飬˵ˡ
ĹˣѪǹǶĹ⡣ҲⳡսѾˡ
еͷ۾ղǾ޴ĳѽΡ
ʱһѪǹԶԷ۵糸ٶȷǹֱָеͷ­
һ˻ߵŭ𣺡УңҪʬΣ
ѾٷûɲɱйޡݺкЦЦȻΪ࣬ʵΪԼΪӦҪӡһĺðҵѪ̳֮λʱĵѪǹŻ֮£
һЩ褾ͻ˷ܵѡ
ڣĺӻûȴͱһϥǶ˸
ɲǼ䣬ûˣڽӴûˣƿѪǹŵİҵҲûˣһжûˡֻʣһ˵ʲôûˣ
ҪΪ˱ʲôԲˣ
ԣ˷ɹǹôĳϣôĶǣôķʤ
ĹûзӦ
˷ѪǹʱѪǹǹе̫Ѩֻһ粻ˡ
û֪ݵʱеľ﷢˶ı仯
ڻԵһ룬еԺһֱصһ
׼ȷ˵һֱڻصһ
֮ӡ֮ӡ֮ӡ
ﲻ֪Ժ˶ٱ飬ڶ
Ƿ֮ӣǷѪĴУǷĺᡭ
ȻǷ֮ӣÿƺзˡ
Ժֳ︡һݺύĻ档
Щݻ𺣵ģչ߷ɵģ»ģ̵ģԡģġ
Ļ潻֯һѲ֪ͣĻֻ֪Լһ
ʹӴԺķ֮ӡ罫㣬㽫һȥʹ㽫õ㽫õĹâ㽫õٹ⡣֮ӣ㲻ʱĽӣĽӣ㻹ȫĽӣ
˵ȴκһ仰Ҳ˵ԼɤںĶһ
ǼԱԼ
û˵һ仰ǸڤڤзĴƺ˼
ԺֳָһԼһζλ
ĵһߣŴҲзŴսΪгֹһ̫ǿ󣬵ϵıսսŴһսȫɥ˽硣ȴҲʧܡȻסȴʧȥ˽磬˰䣬ɽ罥ȡ
Ȼɥʧ񣬵Ȼͨ죬紩󣬷ã󴫳Сʱţ֪˶꣬гһšʥĸšͨ죬ʹҪؽһʱڵĻԻ͡ɽ㹻أһϯ֮ءȴͰ˹麣ɽ磬նɱڤΪȻؼһ
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񣬷ǷʥĸŮˣҲĸסʹһҪ÷ɽ㣬Ϊ塣Ҫ麣йһﶼʧ
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һĶǵĻ棬һζκصʷǨкܶ໰ʣкܶ໰˵ȴһ仰˵
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ϴձһͨͨðҫ۵Ĺ⡣
˶һĻˡ
ǸԭͣǹȻһͻĻֹˣһճ
Ҫ֪ѪǹǹһѪǹеļƷͨĻûЧġЧҲڶʱھͽճġһ֣Ѫǹ˲ͱ뵽֡졣
ԣ죡
˶һëȻĸо
оʲôˣǡͲˣһ
ȻѪǹһ̣۾
û褣ƽ͵ĿĹͳ죬Ҫķʽ𣿡
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òɣΪ㲻̡ܹܽ
ܹ̣ܽ
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ͳѪǹͳ죬Ѫǹŵ褡־ܣǺǰף·һͳ죬ѵΪҲô
ǷйϣĹɱһˣ
Ҳ˵ˣҪҽʦ
ٷˣµس̶ȣѲòþʦˡ
Ǿû˵ıҪˡ
еͷͻȻƮ𣬷·ӵص״һ硣ϵƤͨ죬·صȼӳĺ⡣ȻǵͻȻһŴ۵ĹâٴοǰʱѾվǰ
Ľ£һӡȵ̣ڵĽһͻĴ𣬽סеճɻҽ
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裡
һѪǹһڿУҵķ裬·һֻʮе˷צ졢򷢳
ĹһУƾһвڶԴʱϬ֣һаٵʱҲǷǳá֪жٴΣĹǿսϴͻƿڣȡսʤ
һ˶̾Ϊֹ
ͳǶˡ
һУȴѡ˱۾
е飬Ƕʱ֡
ôˣҪʲôѵ֪ԼͳĶ֣Ա۵
ɲģͳѾУоôվŲз꣬϶ᱻ˺Ƭ
ѵսҪлһ
ɵʱеѪٴη˳
һηɳѪ鲻еģǡ
һֻˣ


290 ׵
һֻĻеͷϰ裬չʱһǻ⣬Ƕ¶㵵Ŀ⡣
Ѫ鱾һѪɣʺѪɫеķѪȼգѪǻ棬Ҳ֪ǻвѪѪȼա
ҹĻӳյͨǷ˷Ļ̻Ѥøм顣
ǵѪӳķ죬˵ϢȾе˵Ŀ¶Ĥݡ
ʮ¶ȻĿ⣬̼ɢ·Ͳֹ
еͷ½ǻƮ裬ǲǴӵص״ķ磬дڷ
Ȼ䣬еʺ֮ǰ˾޴ı仯ͷųֱĹ
ѪǹһͳǺε֪˶ٴδսҲϰڸ߸ϣλߵĶʣҪǿѹȥļơ
Ϊе
е֪ԼڵķѪҺȻѾȼգҪ÷֮ӵȫҪһ̣𽥻ȡǶȻӵ
ƾղչ¶һ֣֪кĹʸ
ĹҲˡ
ǣĹٴζˡ
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Ĺʹ˼ľ
ɱﵣĹִǿʵ
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һ̣Ĺһͬ׵ִ֣ǹǰͳ塣ÿһ̤¾ͻҳһסÿǰһͻһӰÿǰӳһǹѪǹϾͻἤһ
Щ׵罻֯Ӱͬȣÿһ׶ͬ־塢㵣㼫ѹ֡ÿһӰһ׵γɵУ·κζȥͻᱻ˺Ƭ
˵ʱ˿ǻ棬Ĺ׵硣
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ͻȻ䣬һ״ĹﱬǴֱЩԭסĹ׵ͻȻŨ̹һһ׵ⷭٴνĹչֳ
ŨʧĹӰҹĻԵôҫۡ
֮ǰҪҫǧٱ
Ƿ֣ĹǰȥǿˣҲޱϬתĿ⣬·һ磬
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һֱȺйսİ㿴һĻݵͻȻ¶һ˿ľݣ૵Ȼɾʦˡͳ첻Ĵͳ֮һȻ
ʱ˰ҲһЩ߿˶ߣʱ۷׷ףȺҿ˹ѪսսһѪսռΪƣѪʿĹȴѪս۷塣ĹѪʦˣʵַԾһ߶ȣеĴӲùˡ
ĹȻսΪˣ
ʱ˵һجΡ
УǰҵΪѴﵽʦֻǰһҾܳɾѪʦûУΪľ񣬹ճܲ˱ǵгɾʦû뵽һ졣
Ĺڹ׵˵ɾʦѪֻһǱĸ֡첻㻹ʲôħҶҪ㽵
̾ɾʦǺ£ִ̫šҵѪǷˣôħҪ޵ǴЩ̾
нżһξٰԵѪǹУҲĹȥȵͳ죬һս⣬Ҿķڷ
ֱǴԲѣ
ǲǴԣ֪ˣ
ҵҪúÿ
ߣ㿴Űɣ𣡾ǹȼȼȼ
䣡
ȼ꣬ξٰԵǸѪǹȼϸȥᷢȼգȼաЩǹĻȼգǶѪǹûκӰ졣ʱֻĹһ룬Ĺȴо˼¶ȡ·ûзȣȻڷȡͷųĻ棬ȻܸѪҺ
ⲻͨĻ棬Ƿ
Ѿ˷棬棬ַȼѪҺյĵַ˻档
ǹʹǹÿһǹƣѪǹϵ𶼻֮Ӧ
ѪǹĽ棬ͬǻ׵Ľ档
һͷѪޣƴȥʳĹѪҺĹ׵뾡һа취赲𣬻ѷ֣ͬкĹսѷ֡
ԭŵ¹ĺӰǻ䣬û뵽оȻܺĹսôãҲû뵽ǵսȻ˼ҡ
ǶѾȷⳡսһĹʤˡ
ÿ˶۾
û˭ܺĹôãοˡ
ֻһ


ãã֮УççҹĻ֮£һ޹۶¡
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ˡ
ֱ䡣
һŲеǡ
û֪׹ʱ½Ϊ֮


û˼˶á
ѹѹʱʱ׵ӳյķ࣬ǳ˹עΪǿѷֵˡ
ִǹˣվֻһ˻վš
սʼʱûһ˻뵽Ȼվŵ˻
ҲֻǶվһᣬȻִǹҲȥ
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褻վĹжĻŹᣬȵ
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Ƕɵд治췴춯֣
һԭ͵ѹҲæ
ٷ˷ˣȥ
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ѪǹΧǰԥһᣬվԿ褵ǹȥ
䣡
һХֱϣûֱǼˣֻǻɢƾͽǼ˸ɡ
ٴվ
΢΢ͷϲޱ褣࣬ǱΪˡôϣһǵĺ°ɣ
һվͱܵһʱѲǸȤǿ׳ӣһĶħħ²˵ǳһۣŵ÷
нԶ°ٷûη壬ȵѾˣѪǹˣ˵ö֮
ƫͷȥȻ𣺡ҪɱңҾҪ
Աϣųβ褳ȥ
ɣ
ŭһʱȫĻ滯һŹ޵Ĵ죬ҧȥ


291 
еķֻҪմȾһͻȼȫЩ𶼻һŴ죬ǱŴҧУ˲ͻữɻҽ
սеڣǵһθоеɱ⡣
ͻȻ׹֮ǰезֻΪԱڲŶɱġ
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㣡


293 ǳ
кͨ˼ҵĺӲͬսʶѪбѾʱ꣬ɴսħĻ滹Ŀûмʶ͵ս
һѪʿɵѪγһǿģϵǧѪǹͷųǧѪսʿѪǹţ˾Ϳɱ¾˾һɱÿһ䶼ѪÿһطеµʬѲĲ֫Ѫɺӣʬɽ޾Ѫζʱ̴İÿҹƽӭ䳡ʱٲȻһ
ΪѪںУڿ
ҹϯọ̈̄ʱѪǹŵÿһ˶ܲ硣ÿһ˶Գ磬Լȥ
ÿһ˶ǾӢѪǹÿһ˶ʿûٵײӴܣȫӲӲĶƴûϢûֻۣҪͣپ
ΪкЦЦߣξٰԺĬѡԿ㡣ǺͰʵ̫ԶƺɱǣǽǴ򵹣Ȼվٴٵ
кܲףΪʲôֹؼʱ̣ΪѪǹĴͳ֮һȸͳΪβȥ͵ڵɱרſˡѵһ͵˵ٷ˺͹ٷ˵ĺӻѪǹأ
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ξٰԺɻںͰһԿţûȥæΪˣΪ֪ûжɱġ
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һսĽƾ޹ʶ˼ƣҦӵɱҪԵƣֻȻϬ񣬸߱Ȼ档
ԣ΢΢һ˸־ôҵ־Ҳû񡣡
ո˵ʵȫչʾˣٻˣ˵øӲˡѪɷΣѾֻʣһѪٱһδϷ͵ˡ
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ĽΪġǲĲУΪɱ㣬Ѫ
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㣡ҦĴӡ
Ҧ֪Ľ־磬⿿ǾûõġԭѪǹţȺĽСսһĽٺͺ̸̸ҪСϾΪǲºҦӶԴġҦûսʤȴаսʤĽ
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˲˵
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Ϳ
īǵ͵ͷ
ֻһͷͿǵǳˡ


294 
ҦػشͿ飬ĿĿ⣬ϸ΢񣬵ȴûдͿϷһ͵йĴڡ
ʼǿѪܵͷΪضλǿߵˡܰѺնɱģҲ˵ٻζǸ־òԣ
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296 ɫʺ
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С˳ϺеָϣһԴ۾ضϺС
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ԣСԴһ·һӡ
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ϹŵϢϹףȴôҲ޷壬ȥֻһԴɷˣҶ˺ӦҲȻһƨ
Դ˵ûУԳ͢ǸĺöҸòȰϢųȥҵڵͨأǵȷȰϢŸٷųϢԵˣ
ţô졣
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¶ҹ֮˶ֺۡĴԴԴɿֲγɣǽܲ޴ܡΪսʤֺ͢ĴһõԴһͱذɡ
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СϵĻشûС
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СĻû˵Ⱦܡ
ЩţӵʿϵСĶ̵һ
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ߣһӰ캣·ֻһʱ䣬뺣ĵϡֻһʱ䣬˰ƶʱ·ûýţƮ۲ϸᷢ˽ţǴžֻһֽͣĲͱ˲һһһһţϰ
ͮͮսҲӳյķ죬أһȥΪһƬѪ
ѪһһĹ⣬ǵӰ
һӢˣһźƮòȥʮ꣬ȴ׵ĳ
ֱۣˮ·һ֡һͷ­Ҹ˳һȭȻǰͷ­ܷܳʣȻһʴߡ
ӣû˿ĵ⣬˵ʱ˸оôһЩᡣ
գҲա
޵İ׷絴¶һĨӵɫ
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ͻȻ󣬺ҹͨ죬ɫʺҹĻ»Ƴա
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302 ڻĮĮħڡ
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վһ˫޳ֱȳг˵ʡӱʱ˵һֶصΪŮ⿿һ˫ȣͿԱȾŮˡ
ǰӲͬʱֻȵվţһɺ֮ͣ·ֻҪһܷɳʮǧ·ֻҪӳһȭͽء
Ǿͻʱһ󣬶һǴ󾳽ͻʱ
̫Ľ̵İ£ѽΪһ굤ͣҲһ̫֮ˡ
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̫Ľеǿкܶ࣬඼˵ǰȵҪ١ɵںųµһڣȴûа飬ЩںҲЭЭ͢ЭκǿЭ
һ̫֮ˣһȺˣǶ
̫Ľ̺󣬶̫Ľ̵һЩ˽⡣
ԼˣԼ壬ҵһɡΪԼ̫֮˶Ժˡ
һĨӰԶĵӶһһΡ
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ˣźܾûЦݵ¶һĨϵЦݣ壬ȫɵ
гĿ⿴壬չʱ굤ԶľȻͻˣȴϡγɹҲȫǿɵԴԼкܴϵҹ֮ӽŴϢѣв˾޴Ҳ㹻굤ˡ
гµһƬããɳĮ̫Ĳ죬ÿڤڤ֮жԼ֮󣬾Ŵ֮һȻѡ㣬עһͳ˲ͬһ굤ʲôʮ꣬ǻ굤ѵ֮һеٮٮߡ·ܳǧҪиΪ޾췮ҵ˼𣿡
סͷ˵ھҪȥѷ𡣡
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𣿡巴ʵ
ȻСгƶ˵˵ڹǲ𡣵ֻҪɾ˻굤ȽСӻûġʲôˣѡļ̳ˣûл굤ҲδضԸǡڳɾ˻굤ǰͬһ㡣
һᶨĹ⣬壬ģ
гûֱӻش𣬶ǳ˼һᣬ˵֮ӽɫʺ绮ҹգ֮ĴԴΪȡսʤ͢ԴƲ⣬ԴһͬĿ϶ϹԳ˳͢кܶＯᡣ
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塣гת壬ɲһĵطһҪȥ
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ԣħڶ˵İֲİ
ִа񣬴ſ־壬źڰڻ˵ִĸĺ壬
Ĭһᣬǰʦ˵ħʮǰѾˡ
ħڿ᳹νֻǳ˵˵ʮǰħ˧ĵһֻͣӻָ񾩳ǵĴҪһȥڤбɽþ޴Դջɽǿߣɽսһܾˡ
û뵽гħڵ˽⣬۾渵
˧ΪǿưԵħ˧ϼ嶼Ϊħͷ˽Ϊħս˽Գ͢͵ΪףݣַͬħڡһսѺɽܾ˵ħȻȡʤ͢ڵʵȵǿߣҲ˧ɱ
ⳡս磬˽˾޴Ķ֮£̫쳯͢ǿ㳲Ҳ̫潨ĵһҲһҲʱںϲɵʱڵһλϵεҲεĵħսڲУ˧ϼ弸˧Ҳ֪١
ǿǶ֪˧ϼû˧ҲˣħȻڣȻ˧ϼƿߡ˵ħڵ˧׶ӣᣬǿ
гͻȻʵ͢һֱ͵ڲ·ںҲ·ħڵʱȴͬ飬ΪħڲϧԼԴ֪Ϊʲô
Ĭ
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ԣг߽֣ص˵ħڲûһȻǿǱϵĮ޷ԭɽž屻ħֻʣ˰˲ȻޱǿȻͬɶǵĽɫԴڻĮǳ͢Ļᣬ»͵ĻᣬħڸյĻᡣҸ˵ħڱκ˶ЩϹ
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ǵִ𣿡
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üĿ˵ǲɱǣÿҹξǱŵһҹԺȫ˵Ѫ
г̾Ϣһ֮࣬ĪִŵĿ࣬޵Ŀࡣֿ࣬ռȫˡ
ҾһˡȻһЦ˵ģˣұѡ񡣡
г۾˼ãŵҪȥǾȥɡ
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ͷģ
ˣҾͷˡг̾Ϣһ˵ģ˭óķġ
ԴĳѽĮһС
֮еˣ˭ұ֤Լܰ
˭ܡ


303 ȥĮ
Ϸճǡ
ճԼҽӭһλ͡
Լǽȣ쵱ճǵһңճӦ֮סܱԼҵɹ͵ˣȻǷǸ󣬲һһӰͿȥλȨصˡΪʵ̫СˣһһЦһһôа
һС׼ȷ˵һʵϺСȥСС
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ĽСһͷεĲ˾ȴһԺòΪԳƵز·ʮʲôûյӪȥιһ԰˵ɽˡ
߽ԼҴʱԵŷΪһѺΪĲȶǰ
û˭ǰȥһѡΪȥôʥַĺܲЭȥȴȫʧУһֶص
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Ȼʮ꣬ȴһ֮
ճǵڶӦҵļ
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ճϴ֮ӦҺԼҵĹϵǳãӦɶҲԼҵĳͣԳɳò͡оҲͬĺýãӦٲȻһ塣֮Ĺϵþ֭Ҳ޷ﵽġ
ΪһңԼƽʱǺæġӦɶԳɳкҪ飬Գɳǰе鶼Ƶˡ
һϯ緹ҲֻԳɳǺӦɶ죬о㡣
үүǺġ
ڹϣӦɶԳɳΪԼԳɳһҲóƺӦɶӦ˽£ȴû֪ӦɶԳɳǵĳƺȻСֱӳƺүүǰһ϶ûУҷǳȻ֪ģΪԳɳүү
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ӦɶͷɫЩãӦáԶɡ
ԳɳȴûѯӦɶȥǵʵȷһȥ𣿡
ȷҲžҲȥСķ潲ˣӴķ潲εֺҲĪĹϵǶӦȥ
˵ǻĮ
֪Įħڡ
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Ӧɶ쿪ʵһЦֻҪҵˣҾͲ£
Գɳ֣ظӦɶԴ
ҲáõʥУڣСҲᰲȫһЩ
СݣɶҪȥС𣿡
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ӦɶеѾˡҲһүүҿһҡҲŲǵģŲǵӦڵˣҲˡ
šҪ޹ģҾһҡ
Գɳصͷ
үүӦɶʱͷ˼˵˵ʲôء
ԳɳǴӣֵ˵СôãѵԺ׵ģѲɣ㲻޸ǼСݣ
ȻӦɶ켱æ˵֣һ˶ЦĿʱִͷ졣
ԳɳǺˬЦ˼С찡ҲúߣҵѾ㵱ԸŮˡ˵ţȥҲû㵱˿翴ϱ
ЦĿӦɶ죬ȥסӦɶС֣˵С죬ǶˡϲСݣ֪СҲϲ㡣ֻǵ㣬ճĮôԶħڡ
һ˵Ӧɶ˶һе¶м˵ûġѾǰӦɶˡڵңұ
¶ҪСġ뻹ǲԼϱǰ㡣
ܼ򵥵ȴӦɶܵ쳣ůĸѲڣСС;ͳ壬ֻķ⣬õį
ƻɺʱЩһ͵ŮӶڸĸ¹֣ͻơΪһ֮ȴܲҸ
ҹ˾ʱЩһ͵ŮӻᱻجξѣܵĴϿȴСֻĬĬܡ
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ȻǼֻһŮӣûжıֻϣƽƽ֡аΪĻӲĻֶԼسǿԣ԰츳
ɾʣҸ
ȻҪȥĮ
Ϊ֪ǸһҲȥ
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Ͷ̫СǱ˴˲ûʲôŵܸܵõÿԼʱҲܸܵ
飬ϲָоʧȥ
һٷԵķǳܰĵݣĵĵ޼ɣÿ˶Ҹ֮СоӦɶԳɳǼͬ⣬ҲӦɶȥĮΪ֪ҲˣҲԼɷ
Ӧɶܺʱ˵ת˻⣬Ļо
үүϢ𣿡
ԳɳûС⼸һûС֪ǻ
廰ɶ죬͵˵º󣬵ģ½ġճǷԲﶼұˣûκһֱܺ棬Ϊʲôôģ֪Ѱʱ򣬲һЩҵĶ
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ԳɳǿһۣԳɳǵͷ
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ԳɳȻ룬ͷԣħ֮˻ٽӽĺáǸӣԼҲ֪ԼݣϾħڵѪ
ӦɶĬһ󣬵Һû˽ճǴսȴֻѰ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
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࣬Сࡣо³һ̾Сݺ϶ϾɱǼٳޡ
Գɳǳоȥоÿ˶ǲͬġ⺢ӣд־ˡҪɴµˣȻܸ֮ʡСݣİѰɡ
ԳɳǾƱһڣ֮ǾҵҵҲҲ
Ӧɶߺ󣬾ͷүүˡ
ʲô㣬С죬Į֮һҪС£ȫһ
ǣүү
ӦɶԳɳʩһ
볯Ӧɶ쿴һۣͷȥ¶ĵǡ


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304 Į֮Ե
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ɫҹκһҹҪԵãֻÿһ춼ڼɫѪ죬˸оѹ֡ӳճɾ򵥣־ȴҲᡣ
仰Եİˣȴֲʣһֿ϶
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Ȼ㲻˵Ҳչǡ˵ҪģǾǶҪġ
СݺС졣СҲҪȥԭɵ˰бڴǱߣڣҵûôġ
˵СҲµġĶˣû˸Ҷ
˵ΪҲ֪˲м˵浽˼ջʱ˭ںүͷСһȥף⼸¿϶Ҳܵ˲۸ٱǸŮ˾Ͳù
Ÿ˵۾ζ˵ôЩȥˣ㻹û¡
ҷˣ˼˵㣡ǻҵļ䣡ԭֻ밲ĶȹһǺһ᣿
Ը⣬ҿԸҸᣬһһС
ҲԸ⡣
˹ϵľܾ˵ɫȻ糣ƽ˵㻹Ǻ͵һ˵Ӳ档
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ðɣҲ㣬ҵ㡣
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ȰɡⱲѲκˡҪŵĻҲֻӡ
ֺοࡣ˳һ̾


ԴڻĮĮħڡ
ԭ֮£ħȻȻη壬ȴ޷ֹǵĲ
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ԴݺͱһսĿ֮ʣ̶躾Ȼعݱи֪ĳЩ顣󾭹Сһ֪Ĵš
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ĮԸҲû⵽ֹϸĵظ˰ţȥߵıĻϡĵľһͬȥĮһ˶УǾԲġ
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ʮֵĻ£Ѹٸϵ
ĲźסæԼȥˡݵǺְţѾ͸ˡȥĮĻЩЩвٶҪġ֪ݵľ粻ͬȻɫˣЩͬһ㣬ǷԸĲҪݵݡ
ھеݣΪеġǶΪĵĻš
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ʿЩݵЦȻԽŮԽԽܡ
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Ҳ̸ϲǲݺͰڰ֣ӪʵһȥҲҲι۲ι۱ڳ򡣼ȻˣҲܲǴھӪ
Сʿû뵽Ȼе񣬶ʱˬشӦ
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305 ֱѪ۽ǵᡣ
Ȼһ۾ϳʱģȴɵۡ
Ϊʵ󣬴ʱſڵȫ⣬ǻҳ嶼Щӷ׵ˣȻǸճҵῡܣǿʤ˶Ҫǿ
յΪԵıļãӢȻԸ񣬵ر𰮴硣һ黨ɫıʯɿڣﻹʲôʯǸ黨ҲǴֲޱȣ·ÿͷѿķֲ档
ǳ꣬ǳͬ飬ݵľȻĪʹ
˭֤͵ˣ͵ʲôˣ
߹ȥܣʵ
ݵŴܼ򵥣ȴ˿Сʶ߼Ȼ࣬ȴܳгŸ߹ʡ˶˶һЩĪľ裬¡
ʱһ˵͵ҵͷ
ݳߴһۣʵֻվһªϸϸһǼ̱֮ˡ
ݵͷŶǮһŮᣬ͵֮ˡǶһ̶ȣûǮƣĻռ㼸ͷıˣ㣬˿û֮ģ֪һʤ߼ôοڴߺȣҪϣǿɶ񡣡
һ˵ĴȻϬʼû뿪Ǹߣ߱˵Ĵͷݶӡ
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һ˭Һ鷳ЩƽϷҪõ˶׷ԶЩ
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УǸ˶ݺݵĿݣôĿҾͲʲô£һˣ۸Ǳˣ
˵ǳһ˵ΧԽǿĮ֮أԽ뺷ĳ۸˵Ǻ׾һ飬һЩ
˳ϵƳһۣͬѼӰɤӺȵڱڳӳɷ硣ҿСӿ϶ź㣬ǰӢ۾ȾСҼöˡ
վҦŭɶĽ˺ݺһƣŭʲôôǰ˵
ѽˣ˴ˣſڵϱǺĴС
ΧȺҦ۽ͳŭȵ˭ҹԣǾھӵģλǹھĻţǵİ
ԣȺжʱѻȸȻ֪ھеķھסǡھľӾפڱڳΧھʱʵϾǱڳʵۣǵһˣ㽫ڳƽҲһʱ¡
ǸȻҲɵۣ֨֨صĲٿ
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ľٶȻңݵݣȺҲֻɧû˭ҳͷֹһ亹ȻЩû˭Ķ֣ô˺Щƽ˳嶯һ鷳¡
ζû뵽ȻӡѵΪĸѾôۻԹ̫࣬Ҫı
ڳԵݷԸҦۻȥ·ȻӪȥ
ݳ֣ǣ뿪ڳһֱûпһۡݶľ״˴ý͵˵ݡ
֪㡣Ļشݷû裬ԴҲѡֻһ仰Щˡ
㻯ɻҶϵ㡣ζԶǡ
ᣬܵȴݸܵһëȻ
Ϊĺޡ
ȴЦˣ㵱ȻҪǵҡͬҲѡ
ͷǣ֣һ·ӪȥԼҽҸϾɱǾһʣһֻҪһţҾͻɱԼеˡ
֪û취ֻҪһһҾԶγޡȰ㲻Ҫңɱң˺󻼡
֪Ҳˡݵ˵ճǴսһֱڰӦɶѰ㡣㣬Ϊɱ㣬Ϊ˰㡣
Īģ塣
ͬһгޣÿҹÿնȡԼŮˡ
Īһʹ
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٣ҲǺǰһ١ñǰٱǰҪࡣȻȻһݡݳĵĳ
ֱ˲۾Ϊ۽ǵĻҳ۾ֱֻܲҲɾԽԽڡ
˫֣ķļϣº͵˵ճǴսǼ֮սСĶΡѾˣȻţӦԼ³ްɣҪԶڳ˵ƽ
Ĭ
ݳֿ˵ҲǼʵ̬㣬Ϊһֱ㵱ѡ¿ƣҵЩֻͬҪлŵģҾͻΪ֮ûгޡ
ȻĬ
׾֣Ĩȥϵ۹º͵˵ҴؾӪЩھӪúôţҴӻĮһ㰲һطʲôȥĵطԺ˵ԺҶ㡣
˵仰ͻȻԼʲôʱ˵Ŀôţˡѵ˹үԼ֪Ҳôһڵˣ
ͻȻоһʹ
һڳֱҧȥܴ
סʹûзҲûû壬òϼӾȥҧѪȾݣȾݵֱһεµɳĮɳҲȾ졣
ͬĿ⿴Ȼº͵˵ҧҧ͵Ƿġ
ԣͣѾľֺݺһƣȻ˵ߵ³Ժ󻹻һϮ㣬ҧ㣬õ㣬˯ʱɱ㣬㻹㻹Ұ𣿡
ʱģݺȻοһЦһ̣ǸǿŮ˻ˣǸԺͷˡ
ÿҧһڣеĳ޾ܼһЩôҧҾ͸ҧ߰ɣҪˣ֪ûж⡣
һֻ֣ٴνǣסӪȥ
ݵҪһЩʱݾںƤһ㣬סʹססҰҲҪôؼҡ
۾ȫͣúƺ¶ģǣסԼ֣ݵĲǰȥ
΢Цת֮ʣ۽һξӨᡣ
ɳĮϣһŮǣǰСһ紵ǵ½볤һɳסµѪᡣ


306 
ȷܶ
ݴûпһŮ˾ȻҰĳԶͷӲø㣬߲Ҳ㣬ΪֻҪʳǰϾͻᱻ⡣ţʱһӵʳҲᱻԸɾʱʳĵλƺҪϡһ䡱
ܳһ䷿ʳ
ûԱˣ
ҰѱϵıʯǮ󣬾ҲûгԱ
ֻһΣ
ֻ͵ͷҿס⡣
һĬȻͻȻǰŮ֮ͬһ㾴֮ġ
ļǻ꾳͡һ꾳Ȼڵ˵ͬһһ棬Ȼ̸츳ҲżˡοЩСͶٵÿûĸͻԸСطʵĶˡ
ûпԼʵȥΪȫͨӹϺõٲӡûС
ѡķʽ͵һ͵⣬ֻ͵ΪֵǮͷ
֮Ѱ
ĬĬı۾еΪŮʹϧ֮ġ
Ĭã߳䣬ٴν뷿ʱڳԡʳͳڰᣬòֻǶ˼ֲɣ֮⣬ǰѾ㲻һˡ
ݴһ⼸·ȻţҲ֪ϲʽٸЩǮ㿴ϲԼмʯȥڱװΰɡ
꣬Щ·뱦ʯһҪЩ𣿡
Ȼ塣ݵֻҪ㻹ţҪúõװԼⲻرˣԼúõϴӣʲôٽңҾסڡ
ûлش̻ʵĳ
ҡҡͷ̾һ߳䡣
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ݣݣΪʲôҪôãжҲģƫ⣡Լɱҵˣҵļ壬ھƾһʱҺãҪǳޣ޿ܣ
˵ǵѣҵ޼ҿɹĵزʱҪȥ߻Įҵ˧ˣԼݣͻҡɻĮôҸô𣿡
˵öԣҪţҪúûšΪֻлţҲԸԸǱɱˣҶҪúúúõػţ
뵽бĹ⣬Ӵڴڵس


ݻصԼķһɨĸָʼæԼ¡
ݵ޷Ǿһ£
С굤ѾһЩӣսƽС굤˴µ˽⡣
ʵС굤ǳɾͻ굤ĵһ׶Ρ׶κЩԭʶĻͳͳתƵ˻굤ŻԼ׳󣬻굤ҲỺ
׶Σ굤ؼ֮ؼɷ֮յɷ֮Խ࣬ԽãپݵĴͻᱻ굤գ굤Ҳὥ굤ɳһĳ̶ȺС굤ͻɴ굤ݾͻһ磬ɾʹ굤
굤С굤ڣС굤ֻһͨͨĻ굤굤ȴĻ굤ı굤ǾҲռĻ굤ڻûн굤֮ǰݶԱ굤ȻҲг˽⣬û޷ᡣ£Ȼ֪ԽԽãҪһһӡһһȹһΪһֵ׼
ԴӽС굤ݱоԼĻ굤ûôҲо굤СĽ̸Ҳһ굤ǻ͵ĵңڳױǷǳǿĸ֡ǾôףǷǲˡ
ݾĲʵ̫࣬ôһЩϰϷڷ֮ӽŴϢѵһҹһ㷢˻굤˸ı䡣
һεѩɽǻڻ굤û굤Ǵ˲١ݲ뵽ϢʱһЩˡ
֪ǳɾͻ굤ûУ뵽ԼЩ仯ݱ뵽޼ӦɶӦҲõĳ
һᣬ˸ռսꪣ˸ռ䡣
УС굤ѾΪؼһԸзǳͲҪٴҲоԼ굤ֻһˣҲ֮
ݽ븡ռ䣬ֻܱܴͬ
ȥҽ￴һ¡ڵ̬ǳã״̬ҲȻѾӦ˸ռһƬ򣬱ǾĴһƬԺͲ԰ܴЩ˵ĻʳҲøռģһЩ仯ζࡣ
ݲι԰ֲιۻ԰⣬΢Цúܺã̬Ҳܲãˡ
ݵĿ佱һЦ˵ҹ԰ù԰ǷֹЭࡣ
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ʱ˵ǰӰɣҴǣȥ𣿡
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΢ͷֿ˵ǽѾˡڵĻҽãѾǰĻҽˡڸռѾˡƶǺãһĶݣһлᣬǻᱨ𡣵һֻҪǵˡǸһӴڸռԹ޻ڡ
˵ĺãݵڿʼ¿ʼӰɣǽ꾳ˣҾִȥڤڶɴУĶ츣ء
ԣ㿴ңҿ㣬ԲԼĻġ
Щɵ˵ʵˣ˵ģ
ȻǰȻҲʱ¶΢Цоֹǳעϡʣݱ˵йҪйҪͣҶǵԭڸȨΪǵ̬ȣǵΪҡгһǷ˴һԥջȨ
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ŴĴУʲôǼֱ͵ıֱȫ¾ֻоŸռһܿܿ٣ʧȥ͵ʧȥȵʱôĻ֮·ͻһǧɡϣȻš
սȥ·ϣܱ˵ǽҿʲô¡


307 ǲõң
ݱ߱˵֪˼ʲôǲͶǰӣ
ܱͷ
ܴڲ廰ܣôô˵˼ң˼ֵĲˣԵʱô˵
ܱһһ¡һڸռȥ¾Ӧõġ
ܴƳܱһۣҲôΪҼǽͨˣȻܻԵã
ܱ̾ܳɾͻ굤ģĸдˣʲôһ֪꣬
˹ˣ˵Ƕ߳ζʷˡ
㡭
ݰڰ֣Ǳˡзִ硣ǽһУǰ㣬ȡҵΣǻʲô˲ɣ
־ѸռһȫµĹȣǾҪһĹȣĹȡȻˣҪľͲūҪʵԸˡҽڻһģ̣һлǣǵõĻ飬ܵˡ
˵ŮӶлˣʲôʸµĹȣȨɱ¾ⶼҪġҪģŽᣬЭ
ܱһϯܱܴڶĬ
ܴڸ̾ܣǵǶôʴȺ£ôСۡҶжˡ
ܱͷҴˣխ˵ˣҲɡ
ݲһԳսȥ
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ݺȻ޶ӡȻҲûзӦ
ݵѾĥĺܺˣսӣǺǡ
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ҡҡͷֻҪսꪻͲõġ׵ر٣ڽĹؼʱ̣˭ɧ
ǡܱܴڶҪߺܶ࣬ʱһ˵˶ͷһΨΨŵŵӡ·ֻҪ˺ݺһͦͻᱻǸ߳౶Ƶġ
ʱųһ׹⡣
׹УһƯ
ǻожĺҹʱ
ؿЩƯ֣ϽųȻЦݡ
СʾҡС˵ĺеĺҹʱǰԽǽţԽˡ
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ܴһãȻΪʲôûܵ
ܱʬûо
ҿ
ܱûмܴϹ֣þ˵մ˵ãԶŵԳԺմ˵ļ䣬ǳɾ˻굤ǽһĻҪٱֻ֪Ҫɾͻ굤굤оͻԳ츳Щ˽ƷҪǿö࣡
ݶܸȤԳ츳ֻҪɾͻ굤ѧ᣿
ܱҪѧǸˣȻͻᡣԳǷǳǿ壬׷ݵԶţǿǺͬǿ塣壬ûﵽһ磬Ӧ츳㣬ܲģ̳ĴУҲûﵽһ׶ΣĻʵһĵ
ݵͷ¶ϲĹ⣬ˡ˵ĻСغ󣬾ͺǰȫͬˡ
ܱ޵һϣһ¡˵ʵڻʱδĶ֡
ݺСͬ㣬ûҪСȽʲôСԽǿԽģʵ϶ĺôҲԽһĵӣʵεĻĮ֮гϾĻĮѳΪһǿߵĴУһ굤ĻиͲֵһᡣСڴ֮ǰǿֶһݱϡǷĵĿġ
ʱݵʶﴫһ졣
뿪ռ䡣
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һִ黨˳ų£ɫıʯ¹޷Ө͸ŮûЦݣ¶ļĿ˸оΪˬ
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û뵽ԡʹ磬ϻȻһ£˸оǰһ
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û˵ֻվǰݡ
ݷԱܵ޵Ư
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ĵĴʵƶ˵еĺöˣû뵽ıô졣
˫ȹڣǰתһȦϣûгŮˣֻŮˡ
ݶʱ仰쳣٣ͷ⻰ܾ٣
ƲƲ죬Ҳƨ
ݿĵЦ㿴ֻжãǰʲôҪĶԲԣЩͰסھӪҶѾˣֻҪȥЩȥĵططתơ⣬㣬ʲô磿
һʱһƻ
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˫Ȼһ鸴ӵ˵Ѿ굤ˣ
ݵűˣҲǿ㣬Ϊ޷Խңֻıûκ塣ѣԻкöһãһһɳǸã
ĬȻ
ʵĳֱ̫ˣ뵽ż²ݾȻǻ굤Ļˡ
굤굤굤˵ֱһĸ
ﶼŽ꾳۷ڣճҲûм굤ˣһԺСӾȻǻ굤ˣȻɳô죡
һĬ
עԼеԱº͵˵ҳɳô죬ΪҵõһЩԵճǵʱţԺ㻹šֻҪ㲻޽˼άǱȻǵǸͷҵģúùȥҪģҶ㡣
̧ͷؿݣͻȻʵݣôΪʲô
ݷʵʲôΪʲô
߽һЩݺ׼£Ȼ˹ȥ˵ıǼ⼸Ѿһ
ݣ˵ôãһúţǲõң


308 ҹ
ܷѾϣкɫ¹ŷӴ÷зһɫͬһűµĺɫʡ
ĵƹͺɫ¹ںһݽһ𣬷жʱһ컵Ϣ
ݺڲ輸ϣ˫ץס輸ԵšñȻ촽Ҫ촽һˡ
޷ش⣬ΪԼԼġ
ǲõң
˵ɣôΪƵԭز͸ǡšݵϡܵϴȶȣһɳ嶯ֳ嶯巢һЩ΢ı仯ֱ仯ͻȻȥ˴ϣĿȻǵõ
˵ɣһҪȥϵ뷨ʱԺͻḡֳһŮ˵ݡǸŮ빲ԵĳŵûκԼȴϬԼãȻҪϴȻӦǺǸŮˡ
ͻȻìܣһΪŮ֮ìܡ
Ĭ
˵Ĭϣ׳һ⣬ȻûгΪԼ˻ش
Ƭȴһ
˫ĴģʱһϢĸо
۾촽ݵĴϣݵĴȻݴһЩҲһδµŮܿһЩŮŮ飬ǵʵˮƽݺò˶١
ƬҲֻǾţûнκһĶ
Ƕڻȵֻͣ촽Ĵ㹻еȼʢĻ档֣סݵĺ󱳡һ˫ľֱҲ̧§ס
оĳײо죬һա
ԼɣԼеĵִѹסȴ޾ߡ
ݣĶԹȷСûֱӵĹϵҿԲ㣬ҲܻԭԼҡһ죬һΪ˱ҺһϣܴȥĮıӻҵҵˡ㣬ҲǷ㡣һУʲô㣬ҿ԰Ӹ㡣ĶҹǾǷˡ
뵽¶һĨɬεЦֽ⿪Ľᡣ
ɫһŹ⻬Ĵ㻬¡
һĻƴĻ¶ȣеһŻʱյԺĶѡʱ˵ѡ⣬ᱧȥ
ݽķڴϣԼڴߣ˫ļߡ
ٴα۾ݰڲ
˫˵鶯ߣ绬㣬ġ
ãѱ˫ȫȣʱһů
оЩԾΪѹĲ崫¶ȣһɱ𽥱ȵĸо
ǲ壬Ǳ졣
۾Լȥ
ݣ㡭غסݡ
ͣ½Ų΢ͷ³·ҪԼʢĻ³ȥ
ҳҸղźܶģҲȷңȴ¡ղңΪô࣬ǲõ㣿ڻش㣬ǡҰ㣬Ϊҵġ
Ȼһش㲻ǣôҾͲٶ룬ˣܻ˲ĵġңϣġ
Ϣһʹ·ɣҳȥߡ
Աϣ˳ȥڴϷ㶡
Щͣã۾ԳĿЦ
ݣһˣȴϼȥ㣬Ƿһô


ԺﷱӵϨмʢĻٴλصʱ򣬲֪ѹȥ˶á
ǰһˣǾȴݻ
Ůǰʯϣ֧ϵĺ¡
¹һɫŮ˵ͷϡϣһӰ࣬ļįĹ¶
飬ղŷ飬߹ȥûȥ˯
ɫܺÿʵһֱҲͦġû˳ݵĻ˵ȥͻȻ˵һ仰
ݳɫһۣÿǺÿվ󡣡
Ĳгǵų󡣡
ԽԽˡãԵϡ
ұҪ󡣡
ݾʯ£Ҿɡ
ųһ˿΢Ц˫ֱסϥǣһܶСŮݣ㿪ʼ˵ҷ£˲ġǸ˭
Ӧɶ졣̹ȻĻش
ʵϲ
룬Ӧϲġ
ʲôӦϲģϲϲϲǲϲôô裿
ΪҲ֪ʲôϲ̧ͷ·ĿѴԽǧǸŮ˵ϡ
ֻǻĵ»룬˵»룬ֵʱ룬µʱҲ롭
ããĮ֮УŮʯϲ˵£˭Ҳٻ䱯˵Ĺǰ·գֻǾ˵Щƽﲻ˵С¡
һ̣ǲꡣ
ûʹûгޣûļƣûսеģֻǴɬ
ϲԼҲʲôϲ⸱ģǾϲ
ǰɡ΢΢һЦ
˳ĬһᣬȥȻʵʲôʱȥĮ
ݵ֪ʱ䣬С
ЩҲ֪֧ӵǾھ
Ҳ֪ھ
ھϵĳӣҵȻ֪
㻹֪ϣ
˭˲֪ͻȻòĿ⳯ȥ治֪ƾʲô±ھΪʲô
ҾһԻȵˣھҲõҵĵط
ʹһŮ˽Ӫȴûκ㣬֪ھеһλûҪǰǫ顣͹ھϵˣԺۡݣȻǰ;

ݣһ󡣡
˵ɣ˵ֻҪ֮ڣʲô԰㡣
ҪһȥĮ
ݳĬ
ôѣ
ѣȥĮΣգȫԱЩΣաԭȥĮ󣬰ڱڳȰһտ㣬һ
Ҳɵɵĵȡ
Ҫȥ
Ҫȥ
˼һᣬãҴȥ
ڴ֮ǰŬһЩվָ̯ϵĸһһâ֮ϡ
һâȽȽָָâתȦȻһ㡣
âʱѣɼɫâȥһɫĤ
һ㼫侫ˮԪϢǻ꾳۷ڣˮ꾳ʱ̡ЩˮԪȻ޷գܵˮԪصɶ͹򣬶ˮ꾳кܴĮħڣ˷ǰأ㾳Խһ֣ĻҲҪһ֣Ϊ֮ɡ
ݻ굤ֶΣû뵽ݻϸĵİԼΪ˴ǰǾʶ֮ǰ;һûκνļ飬Ƿǳ硣ûп˵һЩлĻȻݵİ
ȻǷ㣬ǷĶҲǷǷҲǷһǷףȵԺлʱٻɡ
ţԺȥݣҺܾûˣΪһΰɡ
Ժʱݾ֪ΨˡǸ黨ӾΪŪġݼȻˣͨˣΪġ
ðܾûˡݵ
̤¹⣬衣
ɫ£һĨɫӰڴĮ֮еĳһ衣ڼı֮ǰΪһҹ
һ֧裬ʷκμأȴԶֲС


309 ĸУ
һü죬ÿ춼ȥѰģĶûнӼǱĵױ赲⡣ʵҲûʲô£һʾʲôʱĮ
һ죬ûȥģھӪεǳͳ
طҦ۽ʵȥھҪ
Ҧǵ˵ûܼȥҲְ룬үһкҪҪ죬Բôæ
ݶϣ˵ȷæѾĮ˰ɡ
ӦòҦ˳ݵ˵ȥͻȻһæտڡ
Ӧòൽ˰ɣɣ˵һЦ

ȥĮˣȻңΪʲôֱ˵㣬ΪʲôҪң
Ҧæϥ£ⶼǺүԸģүñְ㡣
ǵɵô΢ŭǰûע⣬ɽھӪһȦһ롣˭һӵһľӣı˻˭һ֧ڻĮ֮ԵԮԼ˧һ֧ȥˣΪҿô
ˡˡ
ΪȥĮġȥҾԼȥ
վǰȥھȥ
Ҧæվǰ棬ŵ˵ɣ򲻿ɣүȥ
ƾʲôʵ
Ҧڨڨ˵үǺүĵܵܣϵ׶ӣҪʲôʧô𡣡
ԭ֪ˡ
үչġ
ҰɣݵĿضҦۣͳ˵ҷҪȥأ
ȻѾ˵ˣҦҲֱ̬ͦЩΪ˰үİΣְֻеˡ
žžҦۺ£ݶʱһŲȥѾվ׵ľˣݵķΧס
ȻԤıһЦľʲôȥĮʲôв
үˣүֻǹѡҦ΢΢˼үͺúϢɣΪ˰үİȫȺү֮ǰĶҪȥˡԺصΪ׼ģѾ㹻ˡ
б˵ĺ⣬Ҫң
ҡҦ۵ֻǷ¡
ݵѾܾûɱˡ
Ҧ۵Űүô¡ɱ˾ˣ͵ͬѹѲһҪôɲãĻøΪѣúүΪѵġ
ΪѣҺθɣǻ굤ͣ־ᶨܵ绰Ӱ죬Ҳ˶в͵ǰһ壬еһ˳˳ȥ
֮ٶǼ죬Ƕɱ⡣ʱͨҪɱ˵ʱһʹȥԷѾˡ
߹Լţȴ͹Ҧ۵ʵ
ͻĽϮҦųһ亹ҲֻûѪ
һŻȵҦڱǵײŨܵĻ
΢΢һ굤
Ҧ¶һ˿΢Ц
Ȼԭĵ֮СȻһ굤װСߣ⵹ίˡ
ί굤ֻǵҶѡԻ굤ʵܵõүãѾˡ
Ȼ֮䣬Ҧ˵ʶı࣬Ȼ˵˵үһλųɾͻ굤С굤͡ҲС굤ֻɾͻ굤꣬ųɳΪ굤ҲҪ˶õ¡үȻҪһսҵֻ֮ΪԸһЩδռ˱ˡϸ룬ǹүյԴҪҶö࣬߳ƽҵҲռˡ
ݵϻôô࣬˵ûУ
үɣǹүƽһ˺ܾðɣ㳢ܵζСսʤƷڣֹº־ɣҳͷص㣡
ҦźһȫȻһ죬һͬҰ޵Ȼӳһȭ
һȭӳ·𻯳һžһȭ֮С
ûֳĶһȭ̺֮չֳ굤ʵΪ⣬ڡ
ƽһȭȴ˸ܵɽܡ
ɽȭ
վԭ˿һȭϮʱ򣬶ʱӳһơ
ƣ
顪
ҦƽһȭȽһƵĶԵ̫ˡ
ƣкһƺһһֱмʮƣֱӽݶȻɽȭײ˹ȥ
һײʱ䣬˴۵Ĺâ
ܵ޴ܣЩľ˷׷ס۾ˡǵ߻ָʱһƬ档
ݵĶѱƿܵﶼѱݻ١
վŵֻһ
ҦۣѵǰڵѪò˼Ŀ⿴ݡ
굤Ҳ򲻹С굤ǰĸУĸУ
ͬΪС굤ͣһƾͽԷŵʸ˵ĻҦ˹ȥȭͷŭľԵף֮ǰô㣡
Ҧʲô͵һȭҦ۵ԴϣԴһȭ
Ա굤ôҲᣡĻ굤ҲҪݻ٣
˵ţһȭҦϡÿһȭȥ涼·һ£ЩϺȻ
ҪٴˣĻ굤ܱڸﺰѾˣҦ۵Ļ굤ҲѾݸݻ١
굤ǱԱкܴð
ͻȻԼϹү󣬼ʶһЩǰ붼ǿߺľǱĬķһЩ仯жһЩӲʴжһЩԵƽҲһЩ塣
ǰɱ˶ԥڰɱˣҪʬݻٱ˵Ļ굤
Ҹղŭգ©㡣ݷʵѵԺɱһ굤ͣҪȡ굤ô
ܱȻ굤ǻ굤ı
ݵɱˣȡ˻굤Ҹоһɱʳĸоɱʳаħ֮ҲΪаħˣ
ܱΪаħΪʥҿڼġʥôмľаħ˭ԼаħԾӣħڣǰҲԳΪ̡䲻츳Ż֪꣬ʶǿߡ䱾ûа֣֮޷Ǿǳܿܰˡ
ܴڸﳶɤӴܣͻȻ˧
ܱŭһº͵ĿǶݵҪϣҪЩ뷨ɱغҲ˵ġ
ҼסˡݳϿҵĻӦ
ңܱæǫ˵ֻ˵ҵĿ
ݵûʲôҵġȻһˣÿҪҷḻҸѧϰĵطкܶ࣬ԺֱԲ䡣
ĿֱԲ䣿ֲܴ廰
ڣҲʲôҪ˵𣿡
У˵ˡ
˵˵
ҵĹ۲죬ԼҷḻжϣѾһһȼ͡͵ǧܱģŮ˵ʱǾ͸ܱȻġҵĽǣЩ˰ɣᵽŮֵʱͻжôϲҽˣʱһȫҵġ
ݵڸռ
ܴί˵лֱ˵İɲܷ𣬷˾Ǳﲻһ˵ʬ壬Ҳ
û𡣡ͻȻ˵ܱʹڴûУ˭Щ
ֻܱôһ㡣
ݵˣϳȥ⣬ֱΪֹ
ܱǡ
ܴڣ


310 ɫĻ
һһѱɷķ߳ÿǰһЩԭľǱоѹһ֡Ҧ۵ʵǵ˾ҲҦ۵ľߣҦȴһƻұɱǺʶһ⣬ǰ˾ܹסġ
סŲһ⣬һ̬⡣Ҫɱ̬ȲԣҲᱻɱ
ǵĲӻˣԥΪѡ
ݾ񿴴ǵ˼һûԼÿһ˵Ķ䣬ֻɱɱǡһҲסңֻøҡΪûסңǻǱϾֻǻǷҪֹǿ϶ڻͿ϶֮Уѡɡ
Ϳ϶ǳĸ
ѡȴҲѡ
ԥģֵҪͼԮ֪ҵǹھһСȺ´ġھУһǰ֮Ʊشңʱ˹ھ£ǲǴ
ԣȺжʱһɧշ׷ȥ
ݵĻϾеҲǸ
ѸȥȺ˿Ҫʹɱ֧ܰһ굤ͶûеĶȫ𡣵ôɱܲ飬׾
ƽǰƽؿһӰʧգȴôһӰʼվԭز
㲻ôʵ
˲
ݳϸȥľһŹھͳһףֻĽΪСǸݵľˡ
ʵҪһסң
ǵġ˻ػˡ
ݶʱһ㶡Ϊ˻شĺ壬˵
ȻһŮ˵
ͬʱ˻عͷһĮݡ
ݾƣ
һξͼǵˣԲ
Ƶ߲Ƶζ֪Լߵô˳ˣôˣ⸱磿
ұ֧ӵˡƵ֮սûأ
Ҫֳôʵ
һҪ
ڲʱҪȥĮ
ҲҪȥĮ
㻹ȥ˷ʱʲô
ô˷ʱ䣿ȥĮ֮ǰұҪ㡣
Ϊ˴һܣ
ԲֱȻǾŴ֮һĴ˺󣬾ͷˡ
۾гһ죬ƤϷ·һȵĺ⣬ɱҵģ
ƳĬ
ݼɱңУ
ȻĬһ²˵ܴ
ݵҿܵܡ
˵ܵҵõУպǿߣ֪ж㡣
ҡҡͷ̾˵ģȻ١
ô˵
ЩΪѣֻҺúȴΪҪҵĶҪɱҡ֮ǰеĻǷ̡
ݵҲ˼֣ͱƽ֣֪Էʵɲ⣬Һܺ棬ɱ֮λ߸ϵĵ
Ȼ˰ҽƶ˵
Ȼûָյ˵Ǹ˵֣ѲµǸ˭
ݵôúŪôδ̫Щ
ƵֻҪܵõУ㱻ø׷ɱֻҪܳɳչøĴڣܹģ
ǷѾĻݸ̾ʼһΪĲҽĮˡǲҽĮҪһʺֵĵط
ȷܴһ˵һºصףϱֻʣһһ̿㣬ĴȷǳϸһƤԲһѷذס
ж׵ĶݵȻûʲô˵ˡ
ȷ˵ˡ
仰һ˵ƾѾˡһݵʧ
ͱƽһ֣֪Ǹٶѡ֣ҲǸͻȻϮĸ֡һҲŶ
ܵҴɱ⣬æʹСѹ
ݳеͬʱѾذײ֪ʱѵУסذ׵ҲѾݵʡ
Ӱɱ
ݳԹĿͷ
һΣȻƵסñƵذʼһ磬޷ǰһ
ͿΪͽģȻСѹҲ̻ˡڵľʹСѹܼѹҵ壬ȴ޷ѹҵٶȡûã
Ӱʵ
ԭʩչʹӰɱ
ٴʧ
ʱһ
Ҫ֪ɲ֮ǰͱƵһսһսáӰɱݣȴûñܶ죬ƾǱɱݶģֻ޲Щذ״̽ݵźãĻ顣
֪ǱƻУԼ¾ûˡ
ؼʱֱ̣ʹ
֮ǰһսݾǿšĵͱƵġӰꡱҲһʹƵĹȻϣæ˺
ֲ֮ǰҾɱбеĻɣȻ֮Եֻ֮ǿϧΪӲӦеѧᣬЧ;Բͬˡ
ΪӰҵɱôȻҪɱ㣬׾ˣ
˫۷Ź⣬ΪõĴж˷ܲѡ˫ͻȻչȫ¾Ȼı仯
һĨɫһĨɫҽɫںϣųһɫĻ
仨ڱƵؿʢţһ㼫ѹֵʱǵذɢ
Ӱ֮
ŰӰ֮ʢȻ𽥵е·ǶɫĻ˽ȥԽǶ仨㿪Խ󣬿Խ
Ƕ仨ӱؿڷߣֱӳݡ
Ƕ仨ֻǰһݶʱоؿһһѪ˳ȥ󣬵仨ԼʱԼǸʲô³仨ûлԼԼѾ˰ɣ
Σѵʱ̣뵽սꪣþսꪹͨεǣսꪾȻû˿Ӧ
ۿǽǽŵ飬¶һĨЦ
ڹúôţӦ㡣Ȼˣǲᣬ̫ԲԼˣˣӰ֮Űɣ
һѪֱӴǻݸоͻȻܵ˾޴ĳǶԽԽԼԽԽĻ
ͻȻһ
žߣ뾳֮ĲҲԽԽоʱеıԽսʤ֣еʱԽڣƺˣȫѹסĻᶼûС
С굤ʹ굤Ȼֻһڱǰͷ·һ꾳С굤ͣ
ȻܻսꪣаȡʤġսꪵİӳܹʹɱδؾͲɱһֲƫƫսꪺ޷Ӧ
̤ϻ֮·һԼһ·˳ڵ˽ѵʱˡ
ĿڰӰ֮ϣǶɫĻӰˡ


311 ֣
ǶɫĻɵͷʱֻڵÿٶһָֻץסȫÿһë׶·סһÿһÿһϸΪšǵйȥǱ֮ʱֹغľ޴ѹѹݴ˼ά߶˶࣬ɫĻǰ裬ǻƶ
ԽֻƶݾԽһʹļ尾ΪǶ仨ֻҪǰһݱоԼ͸һ
ŰӰ֮ݿƵܵӰ콥øӵĿ⿴ݣϵıϲޱһ˷ëĮѾһʬˡ
֣ܱܶʹӰ֮ĲࡣƾС굤ʵӰ궼ҪʹáУƺһ֣ʵ͸ĵףǱʽʹĻҪһɱ
Ӱ֮һϵľѹƣ굤С굤ѹơͶκλȡκɣϣ³
սûзӦΣʱгڱչصСҲﲻʲôæݵͬıһǾ
Ӱ֮䣬ݵ塣
һɾ޴󵽷·Ҫѹ촷۵׽䡣
ʱսֳ˵ڶ仨
һɫ
ݵڳ֣ݵǰʢţ𣬺ͰӰ֮ݺݵײһ
ɫĻײ˲֪ܣһɢ˲䲻֪˶Ӫʡľ˶߿ӻϢѾܵǿսǲҿ£ǵʵսʸûУǾûйۿսҪ
Ϻɫһ֣ݵб㸡ֳϣ̫Ϥˡ
ʱԼЩϣããס
Ǹϧȼ˫ͷĿֲڣڶ¡
ֵġڤˮ
ϢУݸܵһǿĻ굤ֳ֪굤ɹˣ
û뵽ֱСٱչأȴȻСȳɹϸ룬ҲûʲôܣϾǰǻ굤ͣԻ굤˽͸ҪоͶҪСԶԳѪڳ굤ȴǲ
굤ͷųĴǴݾҪ͵öࡣ
ɫĻڿвͣתͣĦ֣һƬƬڻĻƮ䣬һһһӡ仨꾡䣬ήʱһһĴӣ¶µɳϷ·ҪɳĮеӪظû
һ֣ס˱ƵİӰ֮ȴҲû˼ƣǴƽ֡
ûдӸռڿռͷŵĻ
µ˵֣ص̫ʱˣղźա
Ҳ֪ݵĴʵˣֽ굤ֺصͳɳƵԵøˡ
ʵԳˣֻµ֣ҵȥˡ
ͷ󣬲ڵϾᣬҼǵڤˮһֵ˫еĻ뵽ͻȻŵʵԻʲôˣ
Ǵκ׵ľսԻ˫ۣԻٻû޸ȫĻ굤ݾһ󵨺ɲϣΪ˾ٵԼһ֡δСǵǰǵܵĻõѣϣ
ֵڶγɾͻ굤ҷԼھ΢ı仯ڶԾϿǰɾͻ굤ʱ͸ĶڤˮʵδҪԲСνԲУʵһѪΪۻȡķȻĿΪ˸ǿĻΪʲôѡأ˵̼ԼǱܣ͸֧굤Щǿеġ
ʵڡ
ֵѡǴ̼ԼǱܵķЩʱҷ֣ҪǿзԼǱܣһݵʱʹԼһѵ¡
ݷ֣˵λʱԺɾ˻굤ڶԾʶҲ˾޴ͻƣȷһֵԺ¡
ͨ˶Ϊڻ˵ѵ¾о磬ǳҲԾΪʵı׼ȴ֪оѣԾʶϼѡ
е;ʱֵĲԣǵи߾磬Ե÷ǳҪˡҪӰ쵽սУʹãȵȷ档ֻҪ˽⾳ˣŻΪĶߡ
ڻﲻӡھ̫ս˽֮ʱһٵĻͱһ񾳻ɱΪǸ񾳻һߣҶԾ֪൱츳ٵĻþԵ޷ѹ
ֲŻ굤ڻԶԶƲϸ߾磬ֻǵҶѡھ֪ͻˣһ޴ĳɾ͡ݿռԴΪС굤еĵһˡôҲ֪ܿС굤Ͳڽ¡
ֵĳ֣ݿսʤƵϣ
ΪûֻоһŨܵĹϢɾؿݣʵϵϢǡȪϢ
ֵļʱԮ£ֻ˼Ѫû̫ܵ˺ʱʱŤתʱûȻʣͱƵĽ̸ҲζЦ⡣
濴㻹֪ȪϢ
ݵַΪ˵Ūͷԣʵ㾿ʲôܣôлȪϢģ
ݵ˵ڤĶӣŲţ
㲻ҪţղǸҲֻǺҵĻƽͶûвƴȫ֣Ȼס
Կ
ɶ񣡡ҧ˫ȭĿֱ죬ȵҾͲҽס㣡
Ӱʵ
Ӱ֮
ǿĹֶڳˡʹӰʵǿԼʹĻҪöˡ
ȻһΰӰ֮һ֣һĻȻǺɫɫǳǳ主вθУ˿һ۾ͻУ߶ղˡ
ʵĻ
ʵ·κεķֶΣʵʵĴΪ˺
ʵİӰ֮һɳĮ·ֹϸС΢Сɳ·Ϊٶһ
粻ֹʢ
ȵ̼ӿ


312 ΪҪ
ʵİӰ֮ǹӿȵʱҲ˶
ͻȻǿͻưӰ֮ͷųѹһԴӱϺɫһɳ죬ȴҪܣǾӸµĸűƺͰӰ֮һȦȦɫϢڱΪɢӡռȼʢĻ棬κβĶлΪĩ
һѺɫͷ֮ꪳСĿ¶׹⣬·̼һƵģִָơ
ʱס·Ϊ˺ӦݾӸµ£Ȼ˼硣
ޱȲĿݣвͣСаħаħ
ĮħڣħڻĮڻĮ֮ԵаħһϡŹֵ£ɱĻ뵽аħȻݣ
ĳִͷꪣɢħȪϢаħʲô
аħǾǻȪĹ
ʲôˣǻȪôῴǾǹħڵˣҲӦӲķۣΪʲôûзأǷȴû˵ƣһʱ˼ǧԴﱻδ֪ãͷŪú졣ݾڿû뿪ȻҪ߶Ҫսһ
뵽ݺҧԼ촽˼ٱţŭհͷųǿҪݾһս
ݽżһ㣬µȼһħ棬ħվʱִͷꪴǶɫĻ
һĨɫб˲仯Ϊһĺɫһš
һ̣ĳΪ˹ͷϣȼյħ滯Ϊ뵽ͷϣȫе뵽˹ͷϡ
еһ棬һߣһ㡣
һڹͷꪵꪼ⡣
ֱһ𣬽ǰһͣꪼ̽˰Ӱ֮
˲䣬·Ű㣬ܵһжʧȥ
ݵľȴھþõĻص
ɱ
ںͱƾսؼʱ̣ݾȻʹûսꪵġɱ
ûսꪣʹáûսʱôӰʵǺܴ
ûսꪣɱͼȡǹɾͷųҪС
ƫƫݾûսꪵ°ѡɱͷų˴ܡ
ȻսûзӦûѡսꪣǺֵ϶Ϊһ֮ӳԼϣֱֵġꪡʹɱ
ûȪ
ʱּеҲֻ£УֱܴڶʬھȻڤʹĻҲֻŸóֱǲκι򣡡
ȴ˿ûܵЩΣӰ죬ȻΪҪ򣿡
ʣԼԴҲ⣬뵽Ҳֵ̿Ĳἰݲ뵽ˣ뵽˾
뷨ǡ
ܱսꪵʱҪԶԸӰ֮Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ƕ޿ɺ޼᲻ݵİձһꪴơ
ɱ˲ǰɢ֡
ȵеʱſ˵ϡ
˺ۣ±÷飬Ψһһֻ̿ʣһϣ¶̵ͦƨɡ˫ڣƨȴۣܰʱ¶֮£ԵЩ
ݴӰ£ϥ£ڴڵش
ղŵľսȥִĻҲͿա
ֻҪֱ龪һʲôͶֵõġ
ݵûڱǱ¶ĵطͣã㳯˹ȥĺܳס
ſڵϣڲͣĲûҲûΣֻǱ۾ڲͣĲ֪ԼˣҲ֪Լûս֪ԼվУֻҪһվԼͻȫ¶ܵǰ޵ݡ
·ѱ飬ĸɸɾ
ѡĬѡۣȥ޵ݵ硣
óűƵĺ󾱣ֻɱ˶ᱦû˭ܰɱҵıҲϲɱˣ˶£ɱ¾ҲĽɱǱƣҽ㣬˵Ҹòɱ㣿
ԣȻ˵ɳøˡ
űʹɳ꣬ɳĶȥݵԲҵȴҪѵԼѾ֮ˣҿԸɱĻᡣ
ͻȻס
ڸռ˵ɱž󻼡
ܱĮ֮ΣأԽԽΣգնݳɡ
ܴڵŮ˾ܻЩɫĺܽҲƢ̫ˣ϶ֻ֪֧䲻ϡŮҲû˼ɱɣ
ݵľͶӰȻռڻҽõ⡣
Ҹһ˵Ȩ˵òɱ
ҽؿݣ档
ûлشҲûпֻǲͣᡣ
һ̣֪
飬ǾͻݾĴġǲ飬ǵֹȥȻҪɱݣǸΪΪ˰¡ǵĻǷǳģȻҲֲ԰԰ĵ顣
һǰ;һġ
ѡ
ҲߴǣֻĬĬؿǡ
ʱһһĹȥݹ¡
ƵˣŹһΰɣǽѾģѾûʸȥ㻻ǽģġţǽԸĺ㻻һӴԺǵҲģһһĴڸռ˲ǲ
ûϴӦǵη´Ҫɱңأ
Ǿȡ˷Ǿͳ׵ˡ´ٸҷˣ˲ɱҲҪɱ
ãǣξͷ
ܱ廰ˣ
ݵͷֵš
Ϊʲô
ܶʱ򶼻ѡǰ;ġĵˣҲǻ˭
ռ⣬ջرڱƺϵ
ƣҷ㣬ԺΪ֮
̧ԴɳŲб޵Ĺ⣬ڿ˵ҲҪʣ㾡ɱңҲᱻģ
ʰ𱻱ѵףϣĿ⳯βһۣҲû㡣ΪҷǷ㲻ɣҪɱ㣬ǻӻֵ¡ܼԼƴϰߣж¡ٶˣҲŵġ
ԱϣԶȥ
ȵȣ˵ʲôʲôǲǻҽûûͶˣ
㲻ΪʲôлȪ֮Ҹ㣬ҵȷڤˡҲȷˣСڸ
ܸܲһʵ
˻ߵĺţѾʧĮм۶ȥ
ܵΧԽԽĽŲ֪ЩǸˡ֧ӵĸ߼٣˿Լģóɺͳ
Ѹٽ״á
кܶɳͳףЩɳܣŭ
ݺһŲɳĮϣһɳ˲˹Ķ㾿ʲô


313 ǿħİ
ããĮ֮У޷ֱҪǳһЩĮͻĮ֮ԵͬǴɳĮлԭɳĮиڣһǳƵĵطȱɫȱˮ
ԭǹͺͺֲɳĮһĻɳһǷʯͷ
ǻĮ
ڻԭ͸ڵĽ紦һɫӰļѵǰС
һòǳˣϵĹṹ͹һӪӣ·ڻĮѾ˺ܳʱ䣬ĮĥĲΣֻһӲд
·ȴǳɾ
ɫôİס
ÿǰһҪԵͣ٣·ÿ̧һνŶôĳǿɳǷ籩޷򵹣ȻͬĽǰǰһͣһ¡·ĽǴȻĽ࣬ᱻȻӰ죬ΪǴȻ
һɫİ˷˹ȥ
Ī쳣Ҳ֪ǴĺɫǱĺɫһЩļԵĺɫɣ
֪ƽΣգûͣ½ŲȻǰһֻһһ̤£һɷ·ڵص׳˯ͻȻѣ纣Хӵصǵɫû
ħۣͫ˿ûΪΣնֹͣǰ߱ߵڻĮôãҲ˵˾ħѵǸħ˧ҸŪϹֻ۾ħ
ͺͺֲͻȻƿһӢĸߴЦŰˡ
κͳͨûʲôͬΨһͬǣüëµֻ۾⣬ͷϻֻ۾ֻǴʱֻ۾˺ڶĴֻ̣ʣһֻüëµ˫СһЩ۾
Ȼ֪˭ǾӦ֪Ŀġ
ֻ˻Į֪ħʲôӡħνħʵЩʿͳ˵ħʵˡŵӯΪԼҲŹǰħйֻŪϹһֻ۾ħλԳֱߣ۸ףȴû뵽׸һξŪϹֻ۾ħڡ
˵Ļܳһʱ˵꣬ȴûΪҪѻ˵ͣ½ŲȻһͣ٣ټǰߣҲûгħһۡ
˭˵ĹȥҲܣħҲˣǳӲ˵㽻ҪĶҾߡ˵ЩĻҲϧɱĶӡ
ô֪ҪĶ
ΪҾֻ۾׳ģ
Ӧ֪͵ҪҵȻҪҵŹ㣿
ֻ֪кͷ֮Ӷҵģ
ҡҡͷǹªšѵ㲻֪֮ӾĶӣҪҵĶҪ߷֮ӣǾֱӺԡ룬Įĵһ£ɱ㡣
ħᶨ˵ҲܣֻҪõЩ˭еùң
˼ǰţʵҲֻ˵˵ˡҪԸ㣬Ҫ״Գ֣ħͦˣ㻹ûǸʸ񡣡
ħ߹ȥ̫ԶԼ˵˵ܲͣ˵
ܡҺܼҪȥһˡ
㲻ͣ£ôҴ򣿡
ûʸ֣ȴʸҳ֡ʸҳ֣ʸͣ¡˧ŪϹһֻۣŪϹֻۣҾ͡ϹֻΣ
ħͷֻ۾ʱ޾ŭֻб
δ̫ˣҾħǼ޳оҲ£㲻һëСӣҵõо͸˲ôҽúý㣡
Աϣֻ۾ȻһһɫȥͿʼһһǺɫȫһȺȺӵĺɫɡ
˿ûħһۣҲںĹȻԹԵš
ʵĻ˰ˣھ˼ֻһʱȴ·һεǽϣһʵʵİɫĹ⡣
ǿ磬һƾ͵һɢǰǣҪõСεǽڵĵֵ£һ˿ɫĹ㶼ûմȾһ¡
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ץס˵죬ݺݵ⣬Ȼѧɾۺжô˷ܵ顣
ĻȻС˵ͫ
ħŭˣ˵ѿĹȥ˷ŭ
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ħ˷ܵ˵ţ·Ϊ׽Ժմմϲ
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Ȥ˵һ䣬Ȼڳħһۡ
һȥǰĿռȻŤγһ㡣񲨶ˮһһ׶εİ׹Ǵȥһ㳯ɹȥ
׹ǿƽ棬ͺɢڻĮĹǺûʲô𣬵ײ굤ĳϣȴ׵ؽ䣬ħȥ
ħʱʧɫߡ
ȻħһۣŲȻûͣ£ͷϺǰ
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ħӰǰ˫һУʱһҪߵĹ״ǰһԾǹ״϶ˣǹܿϡ
׽󻹵øĽĽģҲˡ֪ҵ㵱Ҿħ׻ô꣡ҲͰˣҾͲĶҲô
ħɣ
һ̣ħټħﴵ
ÿһħзͻһȺȺɫӴ߷ɹת˲ǺѹѹһƬ
úöΪ磬ĥЩʲô壡˲м˵һ䣬һ̧һЩȻͻȻϺݺһ̤
һɫӰԼٶ˷ӡ
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쳹ıĻϷɵĳӣĳӣΪۿķĩΪĮĳ
ħٴɵۡ
ٴ
Ͱ˵ļ򵥽õһۣ˵Ķ֡
ȻǶ֣ȻҪܡ
ȻѾ˵ҪŪֻ۾ôͲܵõ
˵˵һ䣬²ֵͣƤͻȻѿ¶ɭɭĹͷֹѸ쳤ֱ
һ̣һֻ޴İɫֹǴԶ˳ֹžħ
ֹϻζ˼£󽫾ħݺһס
ħʹĺУ˫ۣѪָ˳¡
˲ŻĻٵֻ۾
ħǵħڶһĸ֡Ӣ۱ֻҪ߳˻Į˽Ҳܹ˷˵ǰħ˧ʶ˴ҲֻһֻۡħʢҲֻֻۡˣȴֻۡ
ַʽħǸߵˣҾǱҪһЩ
ҺĵɧߡòҪٿ㡣ټǱһֻ۾ʣǺܺ棬㻹ֻ۾ģ
ǰ˵ʣħŭ⡣ɵһ仰ŵæߣٴ֮زز
΢΢һ㶣ò˼Ŀ⿴Ƭأԭħڵʶʱġ
;ħֵĹУһǰʮһֱûͣ¡ɵħܺȴͣ˽ŲԺȥ
С˧磬϶ҲһսûʹɣȽӸˣ㣬ʱɲҪѧһܡ


ԭǻĮ
󡣡
ݺһĮоԼͬɳĮеĳС¶е͸п
Įûֵ͵ķ羰ȴȻǸпǧ¡
ĮǸܵķɳǷɳһͬϮɳͷ籩άƺˮûĻ͡ĴȻĹǰݺߵ쳣ѡ
ץס֣ǣһĮȥ
Įкܶطܽ룬Įкܶܽ룬ʱ˿̣ݺڽ˻Į
Ҳ벻Ϊٶ׸ıˡ
һȥ㡣


314 Уһ·򶫡
Į
һһŮǣɳǰУǰһµĽӡһͻᱻɳǡĹâƤ棬ΪǵɳϮֻϴķɳǾͲУѡʱˡ
ݻ굤ʵܹɳһֱû굤ǿеĻԻĻǷǳ޴ġݵĵӴοɵĻ굤һĻҪʵǴ󲿷˷ڵȻ֮棬δ̫ݳ˷ˡ
Į֮أ˷ѻ
ͣͣߵĺܼѡ
ǶˣھľڻĮижôļˡ
սͨǼѵģҲû˭Ϊ־ͷ
ûʧڽĮ֮ǰѳɹΪˮ꾳ͣڻĮ֮ԱǿһЩ
Ѿ굤ݶԣˮ꾳ʲô㲻ϡһ굤оκλͶⲻݵĽݱͲֽˡһľͬĲͬľ
ɶ˵ˮ꾳ȴһǳֵÿĵ¡һǰճʱֻһ꾳ͣʱΪԼ꾳۷ڵʱڣ㱻ճΪһٮٮߣǱ嵱ŽӰʱҲûԼһ֮ڳɾˮ꾳
ˮ꾳ʲôճǶǼйǸսԼȻʹﵽˣǲ˼顣
ͻȻ֣ıһеģˡ
ֻҪһ˾ͻиıԼ
ͻȻЩǣЩʧ䡣
ĮĿվҪѰǸ˧ӣݶ˺ãٰǧ˧ĳ֣Ϊ˼Ϊ˳ޱؽӶȥʱζ
ΪԼûһţ
һ뵽ʮ־ᡣദӣѾ֪ݵȷһˡ
һܺõˡ
óһӣԼεһ𣬵ǰһҵķɳǲҪˣץһ㣬ɳͺˣ
ţصصͷǷ˪
ڷɳɳĮ˶ûϸʱ䣬ֻ֪ɳһʱֻȥһЩˡ
ɳ󣬹Ȼжϵǰ·ԺһЩ
ͷųԼҰһֱߣǰһƬԭˡɳ࣬˾ͺˡ
νߣҲǺ֮ǰȽ϶԰ˣûоֶӻ˵Įﲻܻкߵ·ֻǷɳ΢СЩǰ谭СЩ
ҹ˵һˣһƥû
ˣݻӸռóҽֵ߲ˮ伢ˣԴˮեȡˮʡ
һ·򶫣ǰС
ɳĮ·޾ͷݾѾоǰǻԭȴʼջûе
֪ǷǴָǰĴ̣ǰˣ
ǵ˻ѣڻ̵ĵطͬ࣬õġݺ̵ĵطȥ
ȻһȺˡ
ȺŮУᡣеĴŵɫĶŮĴŻɫĶϵųӦһ֧ɵĶ顣
ǳʱһζҲݵıӡ
㰡һҲкܶûԵˣɣܷܲһ㣬Ǯ򣿡߹ȥ˵
˶ƫͷþĿ⿴ݣиӻַ˽ϡ
ֻڳְ˰ڣûж⡣Į죬ӰûпͻȻǣ͹Եġ
ô˵˶ȺһŮȥŮ˿ȥʮͷͣüĿģȥ崿ܸɾĵ϶մȾ˷ɳΨûУһɫҲǸɾˬ
˵ĿУݵ֪Ů˾Ⱥе졣
һ˳ƳһۣŮ˸ǰ˵ʦ㣬ǣ˵Ǿħڼϸ
ˬʵЦôħڼϸڻĮһ˾˵ħڼϸΪҲħڼϸ
ǳʲô䣬ⶼзѪˣɵĵӣ
ɣʡ
ôɶ֪һεģ
̹׵˵ʵֻ֪ڰ̫Ľ̰ħʲôģû˵ɡǺ̫ªˡ
ȷªŵףвмƳһۡ
ǱгƺΪʦ㡱Ů˳ݺһһۣӦòΪ֮ҲʲôĻ͡±ɳɢò˴һȻǲɳĻɶ֪Ҳǽˡǹһɡ
ʲôϸʦ㻹ûأе
ʦʱѾ˿ߣããģԵĮǵˣǱͬ˵Ŀˡòһͬ˼ˣҲǻˡ
ݺʦ£ԼߣЦʦ㣬㿴׼
йֽеСҽУ˭ʦ㣡ʦͽܺϸģʲôèɵģ
ҽʲôиǾ鲻
У
ʦ΢΢һЦҽپƽ̵ĵӣʦʦ㲻ڣﱲߣܲʱǵ졣
˵ţ̧ͷһۣ֣ɣʦĴӡ̣ʵҲǺܲˡֻǸսĮʱһѣʦɢˣԲŻ˾衣
˵پȥ
Ȼ˼΢΢ʩ񣬵ҽݣɡ
پû˵ţҲû˵ţֻǵ˵ͷ׷ʣĮʳϡ٣ͷǲ֪Ϊ䵥űǽáȺҲǣǵĴ
ͬƵĺǱ촹ġͺñ촹㣬ͷǡֺñ㴹ң˷һЩ⡣
֣ݶ棬Ըĸӹȥ⣬ߵǵһǿԼǺˣ治Ҫ
ݽӹ⣬ݸһ飬˵˵ʵԲԿ䣬ڲһʵ£
˻ѵдϲɣ֣ɵ
㲻ţݵϾͻǺˡ
Աϣݸ䷢΢΢İ׹⣬Ѿ˼ƬҽϴõĲҶòҶף棬һƬҶסȻݸְù˷ݺݵҧһڣЦĮȱˮͣȻܱӣ̫ˣˬ
ͣĿɿڴ
һë׵Դſݵͷϣҡݵĸ첲磬ҲҪ
һȻһȥֻʮҵСŮɲĳپ֣ȥĮյĵطǾȻźӣ
پε˵ƽ̵ǧ𣬱ƽΪ飬Ҫƽû취
ƽ̵ǵˡЦظСŮͷЦ߸ʲô֣͸óԵġ
ҽӱӱСŮеĲҶ⣬۾һգգ
һ֮ǧǺεȵ󣬿һҲڻˣЩҲǶˡݰԴж˼ˮмƬҶͳͳӱЩӺܺóԣȳԵٳɣ
ӱĽС۾ܴ󣬷ųĹ⣬ֺǺǵĽӹˮ
ңҳǵ⣬϶׳ԵģǶзݡ˵ţó߲˺ˮ
ڻĮ߲˺ˮջҪֻѾûˣŻζ
֣һ߿ˮһ߳ŲҶ⣬ùĿ⿴ݣֵ˵˵Сѵֲ˵ģɽô߲˺ˮʲôһôʣ
ֶ̳֣Ȼ˵û䣬˭óѺࡣ
ҲشΪܲš
УΪϡ
ѹӻҡ
˻Ҫȥĵ

ȻƼˮ꣬ڻĮֶӵĻ£ݺܿȺɵĵǻ죬˴һֹѵ
ǽǰУһ·򶫡


315 ҵ
ҹĮĿǺܶ࣬
ɫҲԵü󣬷·ֻҪһɳֿܴɼ
ǰҹƣѾƣߣڼһ֧飬ϻ˸İȫУܿſݵ˯
ݵҲûţſӱ
ӱǸǳõСΪİ˺ѺõԵʣ˵˵һЩǰھ£ҲԼһЩƤ¶˵
֪ģҲ˯ˡ
ǹ£ӳݵЩƣȴȡ
ԽҹݱԽ˯ЩӴһ콻֪ǽһȽɣΪ徳ռһ룬ռһƬǲڣʵѾܲˡҪ֪ڽһĻ͵ӶûСݺθУȻѡЩͬУôҪЩ˵İȫΪЩ˶һȺˡ
û֪ʵݣǰһҪ֯ߡ
پ֪ʱݵԱߡݺܲ죬ΪȻûв
ɫپ̧ͷ˵
Ҳ˵Ļ˵ͷǺվ󡣡
Ϊʲô̫ǺɫĲ󣬶Ǻɫľ󣿡پͻȻʵ
ݺΪλشҡҡͷҲ֪ܽŮ˴Ů·󣬶˴Ů·Ļܵõˡ
ʲôϵپȥ
ݺپ˼άԾٶȣѡ
Ůѣ
ѡ
มپͷǶˣʵĮʲô
ĮĿһ
ô֪Įʲôģ
Įʲôģ
ʦ˵ĮһλۼľӢΪԺʵɳΪڵԸ档
˵ˣǵĿһΪҲģͬҲΪ
ðɣҲˣҪܵġ
ʵ治ܣҵĿġ
پ̽ȥһ·̣͵Į֮еĻԭˡ·ҪߵĶࡣɳĮͻԭĽ紦ɳҲģȰ㻹Ϣһ£Ȼ֧г̣
лʦģһһС˯ϣһ˯ţΪƵԵʣݺپΪǺڡֱӽ־ЩףǻǳƺΪʦ㣬ֻǰ˸ա
پһЦҡҡͷֱȥ
ݴֱܱӰӣӱϣԼھ
żĿֻǾǼӺܺÿ󣬵˭֪Ǽһǻ


գɳ졣
һ֧ʮɵСɳĮԵǰС
ɳеĻҪһɳû˵ϥǡ
УһŶɫŮ˱ļ̌šŮжô󣬶Ůûʱý·
˫ֽӡһ౦ͷͷųĻ𣬶Ǳ֮СǱҲڲͣ𶯣֮ɢһɹâγɵķģȺΧһ㡣
ڱ֮£ɳ֡
ϴķɳⱣҲҡΣʱб֮ơŮ˱ȫעͣͷųά״һ֧нȻȫһˡ
ݺں棬پͶͷϵĺ飬Щġ
СŮ˵ʵǿһ֮ɳôá
ݵټôһ죬ġ
ˡ
ҡҡͷʵȫַɳÿ˶ȥ˷ֻҪɢһˡĮղЩɳħڵĶ˺ǱڵĵˡȺһĻľˣʲôΣգ˭򱣻ң
̾Ҳ֪Ǽ뿪ɳĮȱµľ顣
һӣоƵġ
̹׵ҳĺ٣ҶЩ˽̹ҡ
Ϳһ·ȥʱû˷һʱ䣬ϵͿλκõ⡣
ǰͿǶԵġڣͿǶԵġپλϣɵĴʦ֣Ҳô
ΪΣʲô
ʱ֣ǣӱ˹СҪǣҴһɡ
ݵĳ֪Ǹӵˣӱ
ӱһ¾˽ݵĻ
ǣסӱ֣Сﱧ𣬵Ҳʲôˣ㡣
˵֣ŬŬ졣
֣ɸҪߣݺס˵Ȱʦһ飬ôͣϢһᣬѾˣҪ
֣Ƴһۣ㰡˱ˣʦǻ굤ǿߣɳʲôҲãǣȻɳôܹ
굤ȷǿ֪κλҪά֡ݳپһۣѾʱˡ
Ҫˣʦзִ硣˵ˣٹһʱҪ뿪ƬɳĮˣʦʲôˣȥʮһʱͳɾͻ굤Щڶŵͽܵֶ˽⡣
ݵһЦ˵
֪֣Щ˵ǶپäĿţ˵ǶԻ굤äĿš
굤ܰɣ
ǵĸܣоʱҲѻ굤ܡԼǸ磬֪졣
ʱ˿̣޷˵Щӣֻһ·̫ƽ
ӱ𣿸㽲һĹºòð


һɳپʩչıϵʱ򣬶ǰһѾ˻ԭϡ
һʧپ̱ľϣƽܿļƣ롣
پߣѡһĹӵݸˣ԰ɡ
پ΢΢һ㶣̧ͷȥ
Ȼپֳ㹻л˭ᵽࣿ
ʦʦ᲻ȴᵽڵһʱԼů
ллپӹӣСھ׽
ݲ뵢Ϣ׼ȥȴû뵽پ˵һ䣺ˮǰԵĶҪ𡣡
еʱ˵ĽҪ˵Ĺˣپֻһ˵ݾ֪кԼ˵ȤҲľ¡
˵ڿռֲˮ𣿡ݺ̹׵˵
پ΢Цܻ˵ЩֵЦ
ݽŵ˵ҵ𣿡
پƳһۣ㻹湻ĵġ
ʼ磬㿴ɣ˵ʲô㶼ţ㾿ʲô
Ҿ㣬Щˮģ
ͷܼ򵥣һǲûش㡣ԣҾͶһЩǡ
϶ֳЦݣɵǵáɾʱپüͷȴݵɫҲһ䡣
Įֲͺͺģɫɫ䣬ɫռıغ١
ɲǼ䣬Щֲ˺ɫ
ֺɫһŵζ
Ƕܵ쳣һɴ۾
Ϊɫᶯ
ΪɫԭǺɫһֻֻСӡ
ֹǧٲȻһƬĺ


316 壡ڻ
Щƶеĳι죬Ŷĵˮ˿;ȫ顣Լ壬˺ҧԼƤ͸һͻɱ嶯顣ĮΣأɵӱʱ̱ž֮ģپһٴʹɳı㡣
Ǳϵϵ̨棬ﵽ˷粻ܽɳܽ治ܽĳ̶ȡЩʮѲȻˣǾűȥʱȫڱ棬·𽫱һ޴ĹǣǶ档
پͷϴ졣ֻ֪ҪԼһйʧЩĳӾͻ¡Ҳ֪ЩӾԲֻҧŧô򵥡һ·Ǽ˲ٺɫĹǺЩӵĽ
پĺˡ
֣ɣеıѽپںڰк
֣ϻӦʦ㣬ѽʦΣʱõģ
پѵڻΣʱЩһǶûˣ
ĥʲôЩӶըˣپ̸ᣬƽҲǸǳƽ͵ĽɫʱȴչֳԼǣмķ緶
飡飡飡
һ޴ıƣڰ½һȱڡ޴סЩӣڸ൱ʧֻʶӡ
ȻǲԶصףͳͳͬһ㡣
Ǹ㣬Ȼһ˵塣
һߴˣԳ۷˻ϲƫƫĸһ޵׶һЩӶҲĸһ֡
ЩӴʱĶѣ˿ȥҲö
΢΢̧ͷʱ˲ſ֮£Ȼ˳ªһ
˫ѾϹˣڵĶϳڶ⣬ͷϻĸСڶǳɲ
Ҳ͸һӻɱ֮С
֪ͲЩͷˡǻѽһô̫࣬˷ˡϹʹϧ˵ţ·Щѽһ
ɵӶʱپΪγһΣݺ浹ԵЩˡ
ʲôˣ֣վپǰ棬ʵ
ڵԽԽˡҾħѵÿɱһ˶ҪԱһͷô
ħ֣ɾСȻ֪ħǾ֪λħжô
ħڵħ
ǿУپ򶨣ħȺ˧ҸŪϹ۾Ѳħڵˡ
ᵽ۾£ħŭգ֡
δȴɳʮѳÿѳ϶վһֻӡ
潣󣡡
֮ǰһְ̣ѽĽһ¸պЩСԽ
پжʱһǽѸܵ˾ħʵʱ󺰵˺󣡡
һ̣ľеĻһ硣
ڽϣ籬ƣɣپȴ̱ľϣȫ˺ۡ
ݺæȥסپˮ꾳ܹˣΪơ
پסݵ֣ǿߡǱ굤ĸ֣ǲĶ֡סҵʦʦߡ
ûǺ굤еĻѾľܵ𵴣ԲʹûˣȻֻһΪˣ᲻ǰûƹڳһ£ȷסѩɽٽˮȥ
صͷپֹ϶
֣ɼչپ㲻ٹȥǶԾħ˵Щģɵı
ħɡԶԣǽ֡ǰЩɱһЩˣɵģЩȻǴġ
ʲô֣ɾ㣡ɱʦ
ǲʦͲ֪ˣͦġʵ̫ˣպðǵĽҲˣͳͳ󣡡
Һƴˣ֣һӣʱ󳤽ʣһԼѸ͵ٶȳħȥ
С
ħһ֮ǰǸ˶ԼĲмЩмӱЩˣҲѧǸ˵ӣվԭ˿ֻ̧Ϻݺһ̤
¶ʱ̳ͻǷĽתһȦ֣ɴȥ
֣ɲһ꾳ͣħ򵥵ĻǰѽԼȴֹʱ
ΪԼ˵һ̣һӰͻȻǰ
ǵӰָǰѷĽָ䡣
ȻǵӰת˹ȥĽպãֱħȥ
֣ؿǰˣŽӹݣ㣬㡭
ʲôң΢΢һЦﹻʸսľֻʦңʦˣȻֻˡǰںý磬ʦ㡣
ɵŸʲôȥ֣ɻڷͻȻ˵
֣æܵپԣָݽͰ˵ʦ㣬
پЦЦ֪򵥣ֲ²͸ʵİɣ󡣡
һҳͷôСѵиֲɣħݡ
Ҳžħһ㡣
ħҪԼ֪ôҵǿԸܼ
ݼĳƺǾħҲԼĿϵȷֻ۾ڶϹˡôֻ۾ǲ¶ôܿüң
ħͻȻŭЩֱ̫ˣΪҪħ˰̣潣󣬸ҽ̳ɴ⬣
̧ͷſзĽʮѽʮ󣿺ҵĽһѽǾԾ˭Ľ
ʮ䣡
ͻȻУִתһȦǰ͵һָ
ɲǼ䣬һĽݵһʮ
ÿһ磡
⻹ݵһû굤ʹʮ䡣
پľϣ۾ȴһֱעݺ;ħսʱԭҲǻ굤
һ̣¶ǵɫҸоҲС굤ħǱ굤
֪ħǿĪšͻΣ֮ǰ˵ĻȷǶԵġεĻĮ֮ΣҪ׼ӦԵĲǴȻķɳͻΣա
οپúˣҪȥӲˡҲѲֵľ羡ܱߣҲ᲻ôܡ
ʮһʱ潣ѹסһѰѱɢڵء
ݻһơ
֣ħǱ굤ȱƻô򣿶ˣħڸ֣ϲʶʶк¾ˣ
ħڣڤ磬ǲһġ
รԭһΪ죬㲻ƽϵġȻǲʶǾͰˣһ굤棿

ʵ֪Ҳˣ˶Բԣһ˵Ĳᡣ㿴۾ֻűŪϹġһлϷйŭĵˣǲսʤġ굤ܰɱҶһḻľ顣
ʹɣòŸġֻҪһ仰Ҿͳˡ
ãɣںûڻ㡣



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ݵĻֺǳˡͬʱݼơִ֮ħ
ħһ޴ħվħϴࡣ
ЩӴħγһ޴ȭͷֱӺϡ
һȭһײӻΪ꣬ҲΪĻƺȴƲֱӴħ
ģ㻹˵㣡ħħһģʱɳɵĳӲͬķλݴȥ
ݲ˷ֱʮ;ħ
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ħʤͻȻħ֮Уùꪻħ档
飡
ħﱻꪻУͻȻһ񣬷һǺ̵ӵĶжѪ
û˼ԭħֻͷڹꡣݳЦ
ħͻȻСһ㣬һּٷŴ󣬾ħٴ
վǰվ
ħӣȪϢ
ݺֽԳĬ
û˻ӦħǺȤ˵Įˣڤ綼ˡôսһˡ
΢Цʲô¾ʹʧħڵ档
ħڵ£Сӣ㾿ʲôˣ
˵ڤĶӣŲţ
˵ݵģħͻȻǸֻ۾ˣʱ
ڤΣĮֲڤҰҾħݺĮẦЩ󱲣Ҿֻֻ۾ˣҲЩ󱲶һֻ
ħͻȻ˺Լ£ʱ¶ԼĶƤ
ǶƤ֮ϣȻֻƴ۾
ǻٵֻ۾ͲʲôôΪȫֻ۾ϡǲҵħۣ
ݺֶһ㶡
ֻħһ֣ԭ϶ʱħ졣·֮ű򿪣һηĶħ˳
ֻħһգһգ֮ͻȻ˹裬ħ䣬ֻҪһͻ˲ֲĻþ
֣Ǳ߾Ѿ˽磬׵Ĵ͸϶¶ʹı顣
жַҲһЩ˲С̳
ճɱᣬ㣬ǣÿһħһα仯ǣߡ
ħħͻȻһ
Ȼ㾿ʲôˣѲɣ
˵һ룬ħͻȻĴЦʧ֮ż֮ɣܣû뵽Ǹײˣɱ㣬֮ǰʧȥֻ۾Ҳֵˣ
ħȻѾ֪УǶ˼ɱ⡣
ֻħͻȻڵĺ֮У߳ʮɳǧɵĶħ
ħ۹񣬳ԵǰɣǽΪʳ
ܺãǾʹʹĴһ
һУʱһɫĴУһףȺʱٱһԾվڴϣȫ·ƵĹ⡣ܴվ󣬽տտ
һߣѸٱһſֲ״Ӻʱħſ壬ĲǺǳɰǧ
ֵظдԣװͺȵЩӿȥζ͸ǿɣ
ںнһָɰǧħȥ
ħߣʮħ۹һţҲȥ
һĻеɵӶɵۡǿǸվڤڶɴϵݣǻ翴Ŷħһ㡣
Ǻħ۹ɱĲɿݺҲħĽ
棡
Сѹ
ũڣ
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Сѹסħ壬Ŀռ伷ѹס
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ֲͬʱӿͬһ㣬޴սһƬ磬ڵסɵǾȵ۾
֮Уħ屬ֲ
ֻħͻȻתȻΪһһֻ޴۾
ǵֶȷʵ̫ͣվҵĶ֣ǿ֪ҵı굤ħۣҵΪħϣ۵ףħ۳˯䰲ħǿ־壡
ħħۿ־壡
ͻȻ䣬ħ۽գЩħȥ̼仯Ϊޡһ̣ħͻȻһƬڰ
һȺڰӺڵĹⲨֱӻڤڶɴϵݣ
ںڰ֮Уַ·𱻽һȻá
ݵиоգȻûвǵɫⲨ
˲Ŀ£ɫⲨݣ
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ڤڶɴܴܵ𵴣ʱ䡣
һƬڰ֮У·жһƣ޷
ɲǼ䣬ʹȥ
ߣħ˵Ϊħ˵ôСվֻСܺҶ
仰ȻǶ˵ģȴָ֮ǰǰ˽ֵʱûмѡܣϧŪϹֻ۾Ϊ֪ʹҲ˵Ķ֣˽˵ʵࡣ
ڣҲ֪ͬһսټѣֻҪʹɱﵣԼȡʤ
ΪԸľֻ̫С굤ѡ
ţʤսҲսá
ڰУѹǰһֲֻֻĴ۾
Щ۾ѪɫĿ⡣
ÿһĿⶼһѪɫļ⵶һѰѴ塣
ĽûˣҲûˣҲûˡ
ֻʣһͷ­
֪ͷ­Ҳûˣˡ
Ȼ䣬ʶﴫһӦ
ӦԴ㾹Ը䣡
ռУһвɣеĹžɺŽһѵħ޶
Ȼ䣬һĿɲĹ˳Χݵͷ­ΧǲǱݣȥЩ⵶Ŀ⣬·ЩĿʳǵľٶǱסݡ
ݵͷ­Ա
Ž͸ݵȺŽǡȺŽһռԶŵϢǳ˯ѾõսͻȻһ
һ̣ݵ˫۱ҵĽ⡣
еĺһƬڣ˭Ҳ澿ʲô˭Ҳ״ʱ⻮ƺڰ·һԽɫ۾۾һ㳯ħ˹ȥ
ħľʱһƬһɫľſ޴ͽ˽ȥ

ħҽһһ˺ѡ
Ѳսꪣ
֣ڣ־ϮϿɱ
ɱ
ڤˮ
ũڣ
ݵֺܴٴжٴγħȥ
顪
ڹеһ𣬱ƣ
ɢȥǿݵִꪣꪼûħħС
ħȫӲſ
ڵСôôôѡѸ㡭
˵仰ħһֻֻɫӣʱȫ
һ紵Щӻɢ׷
ħѾʧ֪ѾΪ˳Ӷʳɳɡ
ЩѾҪˡ
ħһţųƾħħǱǰħٵһֻ۾ħٵֻ۾ǰֱһʵǿ˻ٵֻ۾ȴС
ջսꪣꪼһų˹ƵĻ굤
Ż굤ģ֣Ϊξһ


318 ¹⣬Ůˡ
ǿŻ굤ֵȻѾˣǱ굤ؼʱܷӴá
ݵͷű굤븡ռС
ɢʮѱħ
ħڣһô
ܴڵ̫ˡ
ݵΪȷ̫ˣǰһأ
죿ܴʵҪʲô
һͲͦġ
ܴ˫۶ʱŹ⣬Щ͵˵˼ǣǡ
΢Ц㲻ǱԹûʲôõĻǻǰͲļũڸٳ
⣡ܴڻƽкõҾ֪һֱң
ܲôô
鲻аԱҴʱ飡
ðɣʲôû˵ҸղҲֻǹ˼˼
𰡣˼ǷǳмأҲǷǳǰհԵģתܴںҵڣҵĴڣ
ЦЦٺܴڶ˵پȥ
ʦ㣬㻹ðɣݶеʵ
پ³˲Լûôİ£úܶˡ
ݳ̾ûõĽ
ݡپݵ۾֣ص˵лл㡣
΢ЦҺǽУӦġ
پϾֻС굤ԽԿǿߣ
ݵǱƳġǿȥˣΪḻľ顣ңзḻĽ㿴һű굤һǻֵˡ
پЩ
ݰڰ֣ЩȻɵģǾӦûǣҲҪ
⡭𣿡
ʲôʵģ
ʦ㡭֣ɲ廰ħ˵ɱʦѵġ
پƶ˵϶ģʦʲôˣôױɱ˵ǻдʦֺʹʦǲµģħɱĻһ֧顣
˵ţپӱһۣСһ۳ݣ㳯֣ɼ˼۾
֣żЦԶԶԣʦô£ӱģµģ
ӱĬ
߹ȥӱԴС§ڻ
СݵĻȴûп޳
ڵӽǳĬ


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ɺգǹ財
ӱ˯ݵϡ
֮ǰǸҹûʲôͬΨһͬǣЩżĿ⡣
ĿимĽоη塭
ڴ֮ǰû뵽ȥԻҶ˾ȻһǿǿȻɱ˺ܾǰµħ
پѾĲˣֻΪ굤͸֧̫ûȫ㡣
Ȼ¡
̧ͷ졣
ݣ㾿ʲôˣ
ɡ
پĬ
Ĭپȥݳֿ˵Ҵûƭ㡣
پ̧ϥǣ˫ַڸ䣬еİ
˵ʦ𣿡
˵ʵ»治˵ƾյĲ²⣬һյĽԣʦ㣬ǻЩ°ɡ
پĬȻ
ҸʦһѡȺ˵ʦ㣬ӱҲУʱõʹ׼
˵
ƽʲô⣬ʦʦҲ֪٣ôʱҪִ֡
پɴ۾ôԣ
̾һ˱εʱκεĲԶΪԡʦ㣬صԶ
پͷ˫ֱϥͷϥ
ͻȻ䣬һúúǻĸо֣§סپӡ
پ΢΢һϥеС۾ݿ˹ȥ
ɫ¹£ǵϡ
¹£ǰŮӾĿݵϡϣǷͬĺ
ԭĮҹҲ


ԭ·ȷҪɳĮ࣬پҲĻʦʦǰСĿģȴһ·򶫣ֻΪĮҲ֪ġ
ҹŮӾ˯ݽ˾硣
ΪΪ˸ħͬʱһսꪡ
ħͲ˼ǰǵöøȫСչس弶ҪħõСءܴڸռҹʱʱ̶̿ףս굤
ս˷Ӧݺ˷ܣֻһսսͬ˯һ㣬ĴڸռϴκһЩʱڽĿ
֮ǰˣȴǲˡ
ţҪ˶ãսꪾȫ
ȺŽԶõʱڵĽȴûڵĽξħıڵĽѣͬʱսꪣĽڵĽҲˡ
ŽȻֻһҲɻʹá룬ȻԶ϶ĵطȻΪһƷϧķڸռһ䣬Сһ̽
Į֮գĿǰݵĿƷΧڡ
Įеĵһսͻɱһ굤Ǹ˵ı굤ݵľкܴġ
굤ĻʱҲЩеľ顣
ʵҲ֪ȫʢʱڵı굤ͣûоħô
ȻֻӦġܾħˣǹؼʱսѣѱˡ
ħıħۿ־塱Ȼ¡
ݣ㾿Ҫȥģ
پݲǰ棬һĻԭپͻȻʵ
ͷҲ֪ߵġ
پȥĵطΪҵħڣΪĳˣ
룬ҵǸɫ
پ̾ǿҵġ
ݵأִȥ
پ¶һĨˣǰҲ֪ĮΪȥ֪ˡҪҵʦ٣ҪõϢ
ţصصͷȻԽУ
⣬ҷָһֻȡ
Ĺӣ㡣
Ϧ죬ּӭһҹ
һЦ
ҹδ֮ǰһ֧ĶǱڶ
̻Ի͵ףߴ׳սϵȵһ֪һ֧绢ǰľӡ
پǳ͢ľӡ
ݵǹھĶ顣
پûھĶʲôӣȻֱ治ܲΪʲôȴ֪
ô֪
ûлش𣬶ͣ½Ų˶롣
ǰͣ£ɵ
ΪһһΪгɵĻͣͶ֮価Ըַ緶ڸͷϣӸµĿЩǣϵ˵ǳ͢ھ¸ʯʲôˣ
پǰϽ΢΢ʩºȴʧϵشɵӡ
ɣʯ΢˵ʲô
ʯ⻰ʵĺͷȴмֵǳ͢ӣû˷ϹĮھԱڱһȺʲôҲһ쾭顣
پ˵ˡ
ʲôˣ
ɵˡ
ˡʯӻ֣ǰڴ̣ǲҪȥˣȥɣ
پĬڵ
ʯвҪͼΪǺã͢ǰΧѾɲȥĵط߰ɣ
پȻĬ
ʯپĳĬĬϣ׼ߣͻȻʵǿһһͷ̷ͷôߣ߸һŮˡ
پʱΪȥˣæԭҲˡ
ٷϻǼһһŮûУ
پҡҡͷ
ʯͷ˵ǹɣ
͢ӾԲһɷҲԲʲô棬οǹھľӡ
ʯǲֻͣƬ̣ǰ
˻
ʯڿкݺһ飬ըžž죬ͺȵĻǱǰˣȥ
ǲȺͻȻһ
ģᣬѵҪӽ𣿡ʯŭ
Ǿ뽫ʾɣ
ҡʯʱɴ۾ȺѰǸ˵ˡ
ƽþòݴȺ߳
ݣʯʱĿɿڴϵŭʧ˵ˡ


319 
״˶һ
͢ĽȻ˹
̾ұ¶ģΪʲôҪ۸أĮ֮Уʱ˿̲֪˶ɵˡǲȥҲ˽ȥǸϲġ
ˡʯ߽һЩǷġ
Ҹʲôھǲϣ𣿡
ˡ
ô˵˼ҼȻˣھͲϣǰɣ
үû˼ǵİΣ
ܲˣͻȻĮǸ״˵⣡ƾʲôңȥתԼԼҵǱʣҲúüţ
ʯʱ£Ȱðɰˡүҵ˲ȥ޷
ݳʯȥʱĻÿһһ
ܿϧҲȥ赭д˵
ʯʱĬ
ݴսʯСĵĸǾĸ֮ˣӦ֪ҦѾҲһܡоһС굤ƾʲôң
ʲô彫ܣʯ˵Ȼֻ֪Ҧ۵£֪Ƶ״
ôţԡݴӸռѾħı굤ͳħߣһɱ㿴Ȿ굤ʡ
ʯʱҡ
ǻ굤ͣ᲻ʶ굤ǸܵǹϢ֪ŵǱ굤١
ҾħʲôȻݻɱ
⸱ƵᵫȴʮģڻˡοⱾ굤ȷС
ʯס飬Լ侲һЩݱȭү޷ȥҵܡң㾿ʲôһȥҲи
ҲΪ㡣˵ȥ˵ĮΪҵʹ޹ء£Ұҵ£ңҾͲ
ʹ
ʹûҪ֪ˣܶ
ǡ
ЩͲˣҺͬС
ǡ
ʯսûټǰߡ߳ͻȻֵתͷɵغȵϵ׶ӣͬУǵңҲΣǰʲôʧ۹ͽɼ̤ƽأ
ŭһȵôϻ
ʯæΣȥ
ݺ޺޵ŻʯıӰ֪ǻʯˣһļƣΪľǸЩӸǲԼͬС
ݳ˿תȥӭһݵĿ⡣
㡭Ķӣ
ǹү
ϣ

ûһһشˣǳپȥֵ̯ҼǵҺ˵ֻ㲻š
پȥĬ֪Щʲô
߰ɣղǻ쵰˵˵ȻĶӣҵҲҪ𰡣
˻ǲݱǰߺʵˮԣҪԵĿŷ
پ̾ϢһǺһɡ
ҹݵϣӱû֮ǰ˵ݣǰôΪ˹ھİȻүЩ𺳶һȻĪľͳΪĶӡ
ݵ˵ʵҲĪ
̾ԼҽճʱճʵѾǵˡҺżҶֻƷ
Ҳ֮̾˭˵׼أҲ֪ڵԼҾȻǻסүүȻ塣ϣ˵Ĵžɡ
ǰ
ÿ˶ԼˡҲһһǣ˭֪Ժôأ˵׼ҡһ䣬ͱһҶʶˡ
𣿡ɬһЦһ£ŲŲԴ۾ˣ˵ˡ
𣿡˯ǰʡ
ԼĮĿģ뵽ԼҪҵһħڵˡԼħ֮ߺֻʲôӣ
˵ǶԵģҴҲɣ
Ļᡭ𣿡


ĮİУһǵĺơ
ⶼڷÿһΣӰͻһΡ
Ӱһһ١
ԪʦǵڵϣϺԼһ⣬ǵ¸صôµһڵĵĺ˴ĮҲڶԻĮӡ
ʦλĮȻ֣Ķˡ
ԪʦԵ˿˵ƽͷüĿһ־޵ĸожôʣɢܹ˷ǳǿһйĸо·ڲʵıٸǿҲ޷Լס
Ԫʦȴ𾴡һֱƺЩʦΪʦ𣬾ܳƺʦûʲô
ԪʦܳĵӣܲĵӣȻԺΪʮ겻ᣬС֪ΪӮ˶ŵڳΪµһڣҲΪһеĵһˡ
״ӣ˳
Ԫʦ˵ͷ˶еķҲˡ
˳վиĻĮЩȻ޷ģǻΪħаħʳ
Ԫʦ΢΢һЦ˳СڵڳܵĽȫǵڴڸۡڵһжǶԵġ˵ħǳ˵аħħھ;ûһˡ˵͢Բη壬ôͬ͢ɽ³ϰһ
ǿҲɵ˵һСΪϵµŵӶ֪ǵڶӰˡ
Ԫʦûбȴַǳ̰ĵˡǵҵġֵʹϧ
˳ʱ˿̣ЩӦöѾˡڻĮжգʱʵľǳѸ٣ѽȡ͵ħС˧ȻܣҴһ
Ԫʦܿ档ٿ죬ҲܹܵС˧ܵĵزĴСǿ߶ۻĮΪС˧ţںôħ
˳ҾãҪ̰ģһȻҪóѹȺ۵ı¡֪ǾͽħڴţŴҲͰˡĮĿҲȫ԰Լ·ˡ
ԪʦζһЦ˳̫˽ħˡ֮£Ƿ񾩳ǣħҲҪȥģοԼǰ
˳ôôħЩ걻ѹĮҳǸҺ¸ʳ
Ԫʦüͷ֣ص˵мҪ佾꣡С˧ô򵥡ڻĮѸ٣ΪõС޷ȫѹסС˧룬ѵС˧ûʲôܣ˵ʵħڲĵطˣ˧ֵۣżֱﵽ˵麣ĵز˧Ȼˣ˧ƵǸȴš
˧Ƶأ
֣˳üͷ͵һ壬·Ĳ˼𺳡


320 ң˭ȥ
˧Ƶء˳µһڣЩǰǵĹ¶ĿȾ֮¶ǵʵҲǷǳ
ֻ˧Ƶħ֮ˣھ֮໹ĺ⡣
˳˧ƵؾѾãʮ¶棬ˣѳΪˡ
Ԫʦϵ˵Ȼ޻̸֮
˳ûжʦĻɣ˧ƵжʦΣ
ʮǰҺʦʦ֣Χ˧Ƶأȴһƽߣ붼òԪʦ˵ţ˵һԶٵ飬Ŀûһ˿ɫ˸оͦԺ
ʦأʦΣ˳ʵ
ԪʦȻ룬⣬ֻ΢΢һЦ֣˧Ƶܶѡ
˳ʱ˫һޱȼ
еǿ߶ƺʦΪϺУ򵥵ֺͨҲһֲ˼ȴûκ˸ҶֲԽǼƽĳƺţȴ˾η
ʱϺִϵ
˳ܶǰĹ£ȴʦĹ¡ֻ֪ʦǰǺУǷ䣬Ȼڴڣ˵ı£֪Ϊû˵
ʦһֱǸգǹȥľʵ
Ԫʦ˵Ժһ֪λʦҲʦĶ֣
»˭ܺʦȼ磿
ԣһ˿ԡ
Ǹϵ߷壬ʦԻƽ֡
ǸǸʸΪµһ
ʦʦ𣿡
ÿ͢档ǳ͢е˶ˣһֻһͲɽ
˳΢΢ͷȻ֪ʦ˵ˣҲۣǽʵʦ˵ħһʣǻ֣
Ҳ֪Ҹҿ϶һῪӭ͡
ӭͣ
ǻĮĶôѣȻҪӭ͡ħǿʮſڵһô֣Ǿͷڹꡣ
ħڴأ
ħڵˡʮûκһ֪ħڴġ
ʦҲ֪
ʮΨһһԣһԡ
˳ĬȻ
ڵǴ⣬Դħ֮УǻĮ͸ˡ٣ᱬһʮǰӴս
˳˳ԪʦĻ˵Դħ֮еħڴɲ򿪴š
ǡǡ෴ˣǷǿŲɡֻáԪʦ˵ҴδСħڵʵһУ˧Ƶ߳ƵʮȥˣħǱѲ֪ĸ߶ȡһС˧ʵԲ֮¡պͷмǲҪӲƴ
˳ϸֳȻţû˰Ҵ򵹹
Ԫʦź˳˵ϣɾ;ԷˡҪ֪õĹõķǲ㣬ʼԵķ治սʤС˧
˳Ȼľȴ¶ǿҵĲлһҾù
Ԫʦִ֪Сδܹź˵Ƶģ϶˵͡Ͼ˵Ǻ˳С˧ϣ˳ҲδزǶ֡˵ֻϣ˳ǫһЩ
뵽ϸֳһĨЦ
ҪϺе״ӣһĵһǫһЩǲ̫ˣ
һ˦ƶʱһЩ̾ħڴվҪϻҺȤ²ࡣħڴţҵȷܸȤ


ҹɫᡣ
żһĨĨѪ죬ҹɫƾնһЩġ
ŻᴫһѻеĵطȴƺҲĲ
ӴĹǰһ˹ڵϣһСӣһ֧ëʣרĵдš
Χܺڣ۾Ҳûз·ܿϵһУרעëڲд֧ëʿȥͨ·òī֭Զд
ֻдֵٶȺÿһֵÿһÿһ·Ҫ˼ǡ
춼ˣôùһֱܺ棬ôЩ꾿дһЩʲô
һϵһͣ٣վûͣǼдֻǶ·Щ
ֻܰеϣҵĲŻƽдֶҪĲڵľڵľξιдһֺ֣ҲдһֺģӦñҸס
дֺ˵Ҳ·֮䶼һССͣ١һֲܳĻ˵˺ܾúܾá
ĵ˵꣬ͣ¡ںڰУ۾ܺڡһֵΪԽڵ۾ںڰӦԽŶԡƫƫ۾ܺںܺڣܷĺɫǡ
СүĮǱ㲻С
ٴһͣβͣ٣ǰձʲдˣվ˵ϣѲʲôүֱӽҵ֮֡䣬ͲҪЩˣҪÿζ㡣֪˵ÿζһΣҶһֲҪļ尾
ֻǳƺѡ
ƺҪͬĳƺͬĹȥ
ðɺðɣ㡣
ʲôˣ˭Σм˼ڳεģڣλӻ˾һεģ
˵ͱӶӵͻҪС
ڵʵǰҲûι
еɢȥһЩһʵţʲôʱȥ
ŷʵȥ
һ뷨
ŵ˵
˫ָ΢ͷ˻һܼ֮ʶΣһΣͬȥֻҪ֣еĶǵġ
ʮ㡣
仹ʲôְ첻ɵѵԼûģǶûģ
ҡҡͷⲻĵ⡣⻵˹ء
涨˶ģԸġ
ŵ˵ǿԸģزܸġ̫Ľ翣ײβϺлɽϡ͢Ҫһˡ
ɫ꣬͢ûгõԤıǲͻȻʱ˷ˡ
˵⻰һֲܿ϶˵ʡҲֲ϶ȥһƬĹİ
Ȱǳɹˣ͢ӹ̣Ҳȥ
ͻȻ΢΢һЦ㲻ģֻҪҲܼȥ
̾˿ҡҡͷ
һֲɵĿ˵ң˭ȥ
ûлشȻô׵ؽ¶ԡ
߽һЩƽ͵˵ȥʤռɡɱ˶࣬˸ࡣȥʤҲ̸Ҳֶ顣
ĬȻζŵĻ
ŵûһ㽾ȴκ˶ҪЩ¸ֵ۶ŵĶ·ֻҪõһܵõ
ȴŽΪ˵Ļʵ˵˵Լ
þóĬδظ֮ǰǾ仰ң˭ȥ
ãһ̾Īʵ۲˺ܶ๦ΣҲ֪ʵ۲ڷܵˣһǵöٶ
ŵͷտꡣ
˵ʲôѾתĹǰ򵹡ͳСӺëʣд
һɫתȥ
ȥʱǸͷ֮¹Ȼû˭ȸʸӢڰУĵ


321 
ĮеĻԭ̹ȻɳĮʱôݺɵĵǰн죬ܹ֧顣֧ǺһĽɣ˴˼к˼߸ġĮĿı˴˶֪ҲûҪһ飬ʱΣǲһзֵҲ˵Ҫǵջʵʱ᲻ᷴĿɳ˵ˡܲһãݺȴ⡣
ǶһڶгķʽɵĶ飬ȻһԿħ빲Ļ֮
һֻ֧ʮˣȻ¼֮һϪʮӡЩڵԾӣĸͲмɵ˵
żʱپǺܿĴкȴ
ͬǷֵ𣬵ɵжһЩǿڶԷС굤ĵѹɵеһЩͷҪǷ鷳ˡаյڻĮħϮʦʦʦ㲻֪Ǵʱ˿µһ׶ӾǵĶ˭ҪǣǵݣǵݣǾǵ̨൱ġ
ʱߺܳľĺ÷
Щദ֪ݺ͵ǻˣҲ֯СԴ֪ݵݺӶĻη֮ģ˽һλүǾͰĿϡǲ֪ʵݵ˽Ҳࡣ
ںǣӱ˵ơЩӱÿҹ˯ݵϣѰݵ˿Ĵ硣ҲϲҶ
پǰ档ɶԣѾϺܸˣͱ֣ҪСһ㣬Ϊȴ֣ɻߡپĸоοΪƹˡҲپţ˱̸
ʦ㣬㣬ôô˵ʦ㣬۽㾭ḻǽü
ǵкܶ˵ͶҪֻǱЩʦˡ
ʦ㣬Įǰ𣿡
ǵһ
֪ħ𣿡
ħڡ˽һ㡣
ħڵ˧
پͷͻȻüΪ࣬¶һɺ⡣
˧ǰӡ˧ϼħڵĺġ
ڵʲô֣һܺģȴΪԼ̽鱨
ʦ˵˶С˧
С˧ͺС
ǲ󣬵ʵ֪ҪǸ߶ٸ硣
ô
ôƵħڣپҧгݵ˵
̽Եʵʦ㣬ܺħڡ
پЦһ˵ֹǺޣֱǺ֮ǡ
ӡپǸǳ侲ˡԾħʱ治ɫڱϪĵʱҲ費ʱ̸۵ħڵ˧ϼ壬ȻЩʧ̬
Ĭƺòȥ
پȴԼ˵ˣҸ׾ħ֮֡
ʱȻԭپħɱ֮
ƺ˷⳾ķ䣬پ˵ҸʱһΪĴ͡Ҷµʱ񾳻͡ȴһ洫ӡʮǰħڣҸױħĵܵ˧Ƶɱˡ
֣ʱΪʲôپ츳˺ãǻ굤ͣⶼŴѪݶʮ겻ǻ굤Ѫкܴԭ
˧ƵءС˵˧ƵôȻ񾳶ܡ
û˵꣬پ˧ƵصΪҲʦ˵˧ƵһŷǳĻ౻ɱĻͣ
ʲô
һֿڻþȥĻ
ڻþȥĻ
ʦ˵Ǻ˧ƵͬΪĻֻͣҪҲΪڣаħ֮þ֮ٿֲ˲þʼµڻþƽӹĶȹһֱڻþбĨɱ
ëȻȫ˼Ƥ
Ҳûʲô⡣ħħڣȻħʹõĻȻаħйء
ֻЩãȻʧ롣ԼҪҵˣһȺ
ôħڳϹϵģ
Ȼ뷨ȴ˿û谭Ѱ˧˵ľġǸϣ
ȻݵĹϵܺãݶҲܺãҲΪݺ͹ϹϵĹؼǣҪ𣬶ݲܻ
ո˵ȥѡ
ޡ

һҹ֮䣬ĸףֵܽãе˶һҹ֮ɥҸֵļɲǼ任ˡʹݵģҲǾĳЩ¾ܸıģʹѾֲΪʹ
ʹ裬ʹꡣ
پ̸پ֪йħڵھǰĶȴòֹͣ
ǰŨ̹ھһս
ʮںһźżʬ塣֮в֪һˣһȺˣһɢʵʵĺɫʮ
֮ǰȺϪˡۼ⣬˵
ͣݺ֣ߵǰԶս
֣ЦѲĶˣǻã
پС˵ţϪǸ߸ϵڣʲô˸֣ѵħڵˣ
ƶ˵Ĳˡ
ݷǰĶ־ھݽˡ
ݵ֪֮һȺħһħڸĹΪЩħͷŵĻоȻлȪϢ
ֶڤȪϢǳϤ϶ڤ硣
ˣǻʲôݵĻ˶ʵ
ʲôҲ֪֮ˣһַǳйԵĹЩ˲Ķ֣굤ȻҲųɾͻ굤ãҪ
֣ɲʵݣҪǣ֮ǰôǡ
ݴ֣ɣ֣ص˵ҲǰǣǰԼϪĵӲУɱˣǻǡ
پ˵öԣȥæ
ʦ㶼ˣȻû˷ԡ
ҲãԼΪǵľ˺󣬿ǻܷڳǸ߸ϵĳ
սԵ˵Ϫѣǣ
ϪΪ׵ָ˫ݿһۣߺȵϹκϣϪҪæǱң
ݵǴ򲻹ģ
ƨǵֶλûʹ
ߣ֣Цһû˼ҸͲ顣
ݾȻ͵¡
֣ʵʲô
ݰڳһӣȻǲ飬Ǿô
֣һ㶣漴£鲻ϲ
پҲûзԣվȻؿս
սеúܲңºûãϪӵ¡ûпǺоʲô
ȴˡ
ΪӳһڤܹЩŻȪĺʵ
ȻһȺѻ
ʵеѻͬǣЩѻ߹ԣһͷŻͷŵĻһСɵĴеѻΧλõһѻսĴѻȻô
˵￴ϪĵôʵںԲߡ
֪ʵȺѻʵͱϪڵҪõڤһǻϪǴûкĶֽս֪֣õսҲǴġ
ǿ˾ԶţϪԽķ꣬Ϊ׵˫еƵƵҵĽʹǼĻЩǷǳıǵʦ͸ڻĮģһԵĶʹġЧ󣬷ƺŭѻȺƵģѻȺĹƸҡ
Ƭ̹Ϫʮ½أȻֻʣһһŮ
һһŮ굤͡
ȻţҲˣֻǿŰˡ
ʱݺöԲߣ׼֡


322 Ĵ
վɵ˵Ǿһȥˡ
֣ɾ㻹Ҫȥ
ġ˵ȥһаաݵ
ôק
קǸֵȨúÿš
ݵıӰ֣ɱָƨ벻ĶӾӵġ
Ȼ˵֣ȴ޷ڸǵԺĪģͺĶӳΪѣһ֮һСӶԣǶҫ
һ̣ѳźȥ
ڼײʱڤڶɴѳСڤڶɴУһԾվڤڶɴ档
ڤڶɴһ󣬶ʱɢĵ⡣
һ֣ŲĺͻȻͣס
·èһȻŲһЩ
һͷųֽ̤ѻȺ֮С
ֻһʱ䣬źһ㣬ֵģ
ȶ֮ڤڶɴ֮С
ЩѻΪҿȪѻ󡣡ֵЩ˷ܣȻЩѻа
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ڤڶɴ³һУڤڶɴСصС
ϪޱȾȵĿ⿴ݣڤڶɴʧһ̣˫еӹһ̰Ĺ⡣
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پŵϵʬ壬̾ⳡս̫ˣǻڰ˳䡣ǽĮʱҲϮѺͬɢǻ뱣壬ȻΣվˡ
˫еӳĬɫѿ
ŮӼЩΣЩ˼˵лλʦġ
پɣپ
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˵ָ˫еӵʦ磬
ʦãлǸʲôǼʼ忴Цݺݵصɵһۡ
֣ɶʱյô˵㣡ҪǾ㣬Ѿˣ
ȥȻܾȣΪʲô粻ȣȣǾͲôˣ
ݵûһĮ˵㲻ҪǰæҪҹġ
㣡˵ҭס
ؿ˳һۣҪǲǣһʼͲ֮ԿʼûȣΪǾ仰һûĵϸóȻȥΪۿ˵͵ĴԼǲ̫ԩˣ
ɴ۾˵Ҵ
ͻȻ˸Ƶģͺȵ㲻ǴʲôΪһС굤ͣһС굤ʦúһȺľ꾳ӣȻȺѻ򲻹װôϪΪڣ̳ľĴô
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γȴǳ
ٶȺܿ죬һֱӴݵؿڡ
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ڣǿԹˡ
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ŮͬսȻĺ¶һ£顣
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ͻȻãܳˡ


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323 ñط
Į֮ȻζѣֻҪӦˣҲʱĺܿ졣
ȥ
оĻȪѻҲеĹעսꪵźսꪹͨսꪵԽԽãȻûȫѲǰһһΨһϧȻܹһЩӦȴ޷ͷųһȻ޷ս
˹ս⣬ݻܹڱչеС
˵СԳԺյһּ䣬ɾͻ굤˵ӦòôѡǰЩСľٶȶǺеһƴġݽ꾳굤ûö೤ʱ䣬Сαչȴôá
Ҳ˱ˣˡ
Сչصʱʵһ£ȴǺܾúܾá
Ҫ֪²֪жڽ꾳һͣʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʮ꣬еһ޷ǸҵĴš˸оԼ굤Զˣһչؾǰ꣬سɾͻ굤ҲǼΪ˷ܵ¡
չؿһ¾Ҫĳ嶯ˡ
ͻȻ֣ԼѾúСˡûСкܶⶼ޷⿪
Ҳû취¡ҪõȥǱҪõİġСʱʱʵһ֡
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ԭ·ƺ߾ˣپû̽⣬ǰȥ߼죬͵˻ĮеĸˡǻĮ
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ԣɫʱһ䣬æ䱦
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ãܺáǶܺáأ𣿡
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þУֵ֮ⶼעİţ
ǰ֮ǰһǣ̫ˣ

ӵһ˵ͣ·˵Ļ
˶Ĭֻ˵һЩпû̸۵ϣϾ̫ʡ
гһͷֿ
ܺʱ˵Ĳֵܣô£
еˣȻ֮ˡ
֮ˣվһ㷲ĳ


324 ɱ
ݳȥϵıʱϪһӣ⣬ɱҶҵı
ԭˡǡδã⻰ݣ۾ȴ
赭д˵ɱˡ
ԣһ亹Ͱ͵˵ܰϪģǡϪϵܡܺõģ
ٺõĹϵҲûã˭Ҷҵܵܣ˭͵üһº͵˵º͵һ֪ûˡ޼һӣ֪޼һʱʱ̶̿ģսʱҲġͬƽܺҲºͣº͹ͷˣЩˡ˵ڣԽǶԳº̺ͣɱԽŨ
Ȼǻ굤͵۶Ի裬ԶԶںһ֮ս֡Ǳޣͣ治֪ɳʲôӡ
Ҳһ馵۹⡣馿׿˵ˡҲˣȻֵľУͷǳʵǳ𾴡
ƺҲﱥɱ⣬ʱתҪܡ
ﻹܵõ
һöɳı󼲳۶ȥմӳǰƳ
Ѫ˲佦ͬʢؿڵѪ

Ĳҽлûн޼ɵӰͻȻһһӰӳ崩ֻһӰΪء
޼սĮĳʬ忴һۣɱҲһʱһү
΢΢һЦ޼ɵ˵ͷȻм˵Ȼǻ굤ʲôƨ굤ô׵Ūˣ
޼ɵɵˡ÷һ
ĿλΪԼնɱˣݵʱůģֱĸоеܰаȫС
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ĿͬһѲУһæ޼ɹ£ֵºûйϵǳ⣬һжʦģ
ߵǰЦ굤¹⻹ǵһΣϪĻͶôЩͷôǶڵ͵
ץס󣬿һɣҿ뿪ɣԺֻ̽һˣ˵ǵһл굤͸¹ҲûгԹ굤ͷ̵ζɣҿԷ㣡
ԺֻһˣЦǰҲ̹ˣʬȥСźĺɣ
ҡûУҺûйϵæԼͳĹϵƲ
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Į˵һ䣬һöѴĺ󾱴˳ץס½ǵ˫ֽĻûɿĳ˫ֿһۣʱһռѷ죬˫˺÷顣
һĻݷ֣ǰѪˡ
⡣Ͼ˾ӣɱ˾һƽˡ
һѪĽսһЩ⡣
룬ǰھʱ򣬾͸ɳѪϴҵ顣ʱƺɱΪ¡ڽӣոԴ飬øӲпѪҲ¡һΪѩǰĵ۹󽫾ǱǹĳƺźǷһɱʳѪ򽫾
ǰɡ
һжѲҪˣȻ˴ѡ˲ͬ·ǾͲҪ棬ֻΪԷúõػȥɡ
˳Ϊ޼Լͬл顣
磬ɵĵӣλǵʦپһ·ϣǵĹա
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ѳɾͻ굤Ǿħ꣬Ϊ֮¡һҲĶְ
Ұɣ΢ЦҲЩС
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޼ɽִݵļϣп˵СһֱǳɫλĮ֮УСݻɱ˾ħԺض¡
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Աϣپȥȭʦ㣬СݵչˣмպҪҰĵطܿڣ
پ΢΢Ϲ΢Ц̫ˡ
ҿǶ̫ˣЦ߹ֵ˵ȻǾñط꣬ǾͺúõغһɱһȺмͷûأֵܣΪӷϴˣ
ݣ޼ǽֵܣ޼Ǵ磬Ӧ˵㡣޼ԸƧƽﻰҲ࣬Լ˶ȱٹͨҪҲίΡ
֧Уǵһ޼ֻǵڶšڵǿˡǧ˵ıȾǣҲǸԽ¡˵ҲΪ˸ĵܵܽӷ硣
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ڣȻǶʮֻ㱣оС
ݣ޼ɣپ֣ɣӱΧһȦȾƳ⡣Ȼṩ߲ˮĶʮҲԳһȦȾƳ⣬ʱʱĹһЩʿǾûˣվΧע˷Ķ
˺һ⣬߲Ҷסڴڳ߳Ա˵磬սеôˣ񾩳ĶʤϢ
Զ˹ģССھ׽ս£һԺȷǽڽʤһ³͢ʮǳˡڹ·ڳǺ֮Į
ʵ𣿡
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پ⡭ܲðɣ
ݵųԼڣǷǵߣҲ̸Щ˾ǡ
ǿɲɡǺòۣ˵ʲô˵ʲôҲ˾ǡ
΢Цʦֱˬˡ
ݡٺ١һЦ
źݽ̸ʵ𣿡
Ȼû˵֪ʵ˭
ݵþӻʹڸҶлͲ֪ټ
΢΢üǻݲԸ˵ǶƯЩǡ
ͳ͢ڻĮľؾͷˡ֪ʱûҪĮ˼ִòϢЩˡ
پһԣںһչӱԶ䳤Դϣնšݺ̸̫ɻ
ǹүǳ͢ˡȴˡڣֱӵݴ̽ϢݻشӲ١ʲôѲļϸ
룬پȻ˵֪ЩǰͬһҶСۣκһ˶ܽ򷭣˵ԽԶԽá
ʣɾûʡ
֣ҧһ⣬ûͷûԵ˵Ҳݵ׸ɣ
ͷ׸硣
ҲĶӰôĽ
پɫʱһ


325 ֱ𣬶顣
Ϊ֣ɵһ仰ֳ˳ţپ֣ǿЦá֣ɻֺγûУûоԼܴԼ޴ȥʡΪϵôҲϹϵеĽһȾƳ⡣ȻϵûһôһЩеĻҪڣ֣ɲˣһˡ
پǵС֮ˣҲΪ֣˾ֻϷ̵޲Ҹضȥ
֣ʦ̫ѽĬĬ롣
ûĶӡپû뵽ֻͣ٣ܿػشˡҲûñֳ˵ӡ
ҲͬĽ
پֻ֣ɲҪȥƺԽʲôҪʲôƫҪ
֣ɳŲʵ㾿ıߵˣ
ٴסôĿ⿴֣ɣȻݺ޼ɵһһȥһݺͿЦĬԵ޼ҲһЦ
󷽷˵ҵȻˣ
֣ɸ̾͵ܵǳ͢ˣˣֵļͥ
پͷѾˡ
ûʲôֵġֻѪԵϵˣҲһͷʵ֪кܶ˶һɻҲû취¡˭ҵĸףܾġҵЩ鷳
ҵЩ鷳仰֣Щȥ¼䣬֪жĶӣĸɶӸӶһҫ£в֪ԻöٺôãȻϡĵ
Դǵ˵¼ս£õʧ͢λСʵ֪ûǬֻ֪һζȡ󳼵£·һһַݺŪͿ̿ϰյͺ͸λʵۡΪ壬̫׶ӣȻҪΪ²ƿǣΪ͢Ща磬Ųò˭ǶԵģҾͰ˭ȻҵҲҪ
޼ɵĿԣɬһЦ
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ӣüͷ
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ݵĮǰڹھдҵӡûӰ
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ݵֻ֪͢ľ֧һ֧ǹھһ֧ȴ֪͢ԣľֻйھһ֧ھľȻҲһֻ徳ǻͣÿһ˶䷢пռ˵Ҫ𣿡
ԣʱվ
Ҳվɵ㶵ķ
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ԣ϶ǵøϿ뿪غʹϣ
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ͷ㰲ʮ֧Сӣֱͬķƽʮһ鱨ϻر
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پŵʵپʬ塭½ϸûһ۵ˡ
Уϵ˵УһۣҼǵúԼʮ꣬ͷüëǺڵģɺǰ׵ġ
ʮ꣬ͷüëǺڵģǰ׵ġ
پһȫľߵӱ۵һ
ݵˣɵƽ̣پʦӱĸס
ԣɵ˶
ݳȥ´磬ȥɡ
šͷֳپһۣȥ
ߵӱǰС§ڻͷ
ʦ㣬ȥˣɻڡŻҪˡ
پûлش𣬺۾
ݵʦʦǺʦһ𣿡
پһ𡣡
ݵڿɻʦʦûУҵ˼ǣбʸ̳ƽ֮λ˻𣿡
پûУǶĮˡֻмʦ塣Ƕǳϣûм̳Ȩ
ݵǾˡڻĮˣϴʦʦǻȥĮգʺȻȥס˵סɺ󣬱Ҫֶסƣκζ㲻ˣѹͱͷ˵үõѣ
پޱȸж⻰ǰԼһˡ
ݣôֽˣ
ҵֽݡԹүͷˣǾ
ţ֪ˣپصصͷ
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ҶɽʱҲûʲôûرģЩ͸㣬Ҫ£
⡭
ݣҵѣͲҪƴǣ֪ЩȻǻùүȻںҵһ⡣ҡܵø㶫֤һ˻Į֮вξ
پ˼֣صص˵ͷ
ӸռóһЩСƵĻ굤͸پЩǻ굤šǾʹԭ·ȥϤһЩɳĮʱ㲻ҪһΪһÿ˶ܺԼֻҪɢˡЩ굤ַң˾䡣
˵ǻ굤ǻ굤ǻ굤˵Ҳ㲻ʲôֻҪԭϣСƵĳɶݲʲôɵҲʲôĽɣÿÿ쵽һǻ굤ѾǺܲĴˡͻȻóһٶ˽¸پǻ굤ʱ˾Ǹ۲۵ĴǸ󷽵Ĵ
پСң˵ĿռֲˣŲšˣĿռﲻֲˣֻ굤
ݣ
ʰװɵǱȭپ֣ؿһۣӱС֣ص˵λأĮ֮ˣһһţһŰݷã
پҲ֣صصͷһɲ֮飬˵ݣҵ㡣
صصͷ
ɵԶȥıӰߵԣСݣ濴㻹ͦġ
ʵ⻰ʲô˼
ǰŬŬͣپˡ
ݵ˵˵
϶˵û˵Ů˿Ů˺׼ġ㿴ֱʱ۲ᣬжỨǴĵ顣
ͷ󣬵˵˵Ҳˣܲܲô˵ˣĵ˵Լɡ
˵⻰ʱһ˫۾ЦϴʱҹڻĮ֮Ե飬ɵ߳ŭؿƴȥ
˵ң㣡
˵˰ɣ
ּ䣬Զһ֧ӿӱ޵ĸ˻ǿɳȥĳ顣
һ˸ҪȥӭӣʸͻȻ֣һСӺ棬Ȼһӱ
Щϵ׺ȫһ
ǳ͢ľӣ
оϴ


326 սɣ
磬֮ȷ·Įķɳ㲻ʲôΪȺǺѹѹľӴɽѾһ޷ܵķɳ
һĻûбֳκξֺ񣬶쳣侲ͫСһ㣬ȫɢļµĺ⡣ʱ˿̣еĻ굤ԶԶֹһȴûκһ˵Ʊȵÿ˶ڵȴÿ˶ѹסĵĲǹľȥ
һɫһͷĺɫ
һ򡭡ԶԶֹ
һȥԳսսľĿжϣľӾԲ
ֻ߽ǧıҰĻԭ˫ȫһΣ
һ̣ͻȻÿ˶Լߵսѡ
ΪѾ֡
ʱ˾ھľӲǳ͢ľǿŴǰ֧ӣȫȻȣӮһǾеľ񣡴ӴԺÿ˶Ӣۣ
ɱΧתĿǰûǱǸߣǾͿǵԴǱ׳óǹͱǵֵ࣡ǣɱ
ɱָʾ;кߵսʿתͷѪ۳͢ȥ
޼û˵ֻǰγħԼĲֱ͢󷽡
ס޼ɣڽǰ˵һ仰ϴ󣬴սһ£Ͷɣ
š޼ɵͷΪһӰӲ͢
û˸´κҲûôκζңһʮ͵˳棬ݽ󷽣ܱ
ܱŮˡܴϲģΪʲôأ
ܴڿͷǰǰҿԱ
ݵڵĻʺսϷӣҡ
ܱʵ֣
˵֣ص˵򲻵ѣҲ֡ܲܿŸǰ
ʵ⣬ܱ֪˵бҪҾͶۡ
˵ɡ
ݵͷսСһЩ
šμ˴ĳ棬ҲǾδЩ㱵صͷ
һԾһʯ۲սϵĶ
Ȼֻǧңȷһֻ񲿶ӣÿͿĴͷ£ûһӡ͢ԭȥݿĳȻֵʼսǰߣɱ裬ѿ˺ΧĵˣȻûһ֮ܽڣ
޼ͬһУֱӲ͢Ȼ࣬ʮն·žž졣
޼ɵĽ·˼ʿսԽ־߰һεĳ棬˷ȡ˺ܺõЧ
͢ķǳͣǰı󣬺̵ıɲסײǰսϣ򱻽µʬᵽеֱײǰʿǹϡ
սһǲ쳣
˼
ɱɱɱ
ɱ͢ͻ
ѵϸڵľ磬עĳ涼۵ס޼սƴɱд֡
λ磬ѾɳΪսľˡ
룬Լλãûֵá
ǻͣǽעصǸΪͻաΪһҪյ֪ʶҪࡣ
ǵѡҲûдȻǳɻɣôһõľḻࡣ
ɽѽƻ衣
޷磬
ǧھһײһ˫һ͢ΧƽΧסӲʱֳ
޼ɺͿ˵ıΪͻ͢ǵص㡰չˡɳֱӶԸǡ
һʱ䣬ԽԽԣµսʿԽԽ࣬͢İΧȦҲԽԽС
սΧת
ܱվ󣬶ѿͷðĺ顣
ǿݵȭͷɣֽܸܵõĵ
ܱѵҪⳡսһ֣ʾȫͬˡ
֪
ܱ㵥ǹƥܺսƱҪʱͲ֮սˣǣ硣㡭Ժǲ̫ƽ
ݵ֪
ܱջ˵ȥֵѱ˶
ܱǧ꾳ֻмʮ
ݵ£չˡ
ܱȵˣ
̾кܶ£Լܾġȥ͸綼
ֿܱ˵ɾ֣Ҳһܰؾơ
ݵҪһԡ
ǡܱݱȭֻܴˡ
ݽִܱȭͷϣĿ⾼ҡȻĮ֮жôڣʱˣ
Աϣݳսϱȥ


ϦѪ
ۻĮʲôɫʱһƬɺ졣
ǧʱֻʣǧ
Ȼ֪͢浹˶սʿ϶˸ӲصĴۡ
˺ۣױıȻƴɱ
޼Ժһ㣬Ҳȫˡֱ͢굤ĽԸǣǱ굤ȴڵǿһжԸ굤ʮ˲ˡϴˣĸ굤ĵҲˡҲû뵽꾳Ļ;Ȼز
͢İΧȦԽԽСѾ޽ӽڱΪӵͳ˧ûпĵӰ
ѵ֧Ĺھӣھûô
Ҳ̫Сˣ
޼ɻغһ𣬱Լƽĵˡ
͢ĸ굤վǰ۶ǡ
ԽͶɣǶôᣬǰ;ɲҪ
Ǻү˵ǣ˵ǷõǣͺñˮͶү泯͢͢һ۹̣ͣ
԰ǻ᲻ɱǣװ۾ôƵģԺңұҪĸã

ŵнĳ۾гһϸ죬ɱ˷ٶϰΧת
ϴ󣬳Ųȥˡ
޼ɵôû㲻һֱҪұȸߵ𣿽Ǿͱһ˭ŵøã
Цֻ̰֮ǿЩֵܡܳסǳŲס
޼ʵĪͶ
ͶһͶھҲûͣһֻͶ
ֵʱˣ㻹˼ڿࡣ
ϴҵ˼ǣͰһսΪһսȥһɣ
˼ǡ
֣صصͷûбİ취ˡ
־һĽֳ
޼ɴսһЩвסΪʵ֪˴Ӵ˲ðˣҪŴлк壿
̧ͷ죬֮˻ɫʺ磬·ڤڤ֮ڰʾʲôһҹ֮һֱ;ĮʹȻҲ˵ҲĸоôȻУĴ˻ҲС㿴СݲҲ𣿻ǽ첻ʹǵҲزסβǰѾ֪ˣ֪϶תǰʱǿǻ˭֪
˫һ˼֣ͻȻƵ˵ԭֻǾСһֻܶʷЩﵽܼĸ߶ȵǿ߻ڣʱѾ˴֮ǻαηηڡ
̫װƣ
޼ɻһĿȣͻȻһֻ첲ȫ˺ã¶Ľ
һɫֱڶһ̣һ˸ߵĳС
һĻ¶˷ܵЦ
ɣǣǼʶʲôս


327 Ļ
̤˫ִģ͢һ굤ЦʲôǲͶӣ
СȥŮ˻ǵøűˣҲҪԣ
ô֪Ҳ˸Ȥ
ô֪ûȤûûɫ
öͻȻĽŵףա˫סĺˣҡĸ굤Ŀ⣬Ȼڿһ
ǣⱲʲôɲˣȥڤɣ
һĺ죬Ϧȥɽ
ĺ죬رɫ졣
ĺ죬콵ĺɫز
ĺ⽵٣
ûж죬ûжĶǾԵľ
ҹǰ٣һѪҹһƬԵĺɫ
Ƭĺɫ֣ÿ˵·𶼱һĺĿԻãȻį
Ѹʧȥսű˫ڲе¶ˮ
еݣʧȥֻʣ˿־塣
һĻֱԼҧѪѲסԼױһƣű˿ȥǲսʤģǲսʤģԽǲսʤģֵǣɱ
ͻȻķó͢˲ԹƵʧ͢ľʿҲһЩֻҪЩĿҫϡϣǵսܵӰ죬ԺǻḡֳһЩǵǺ£η壬ӭĵûȥֵ

ǰ˻ߵĺУĸ޼ɴ˵ĳ͢Ͼǻ굤ͣʵǿڶݵ֪һзͬСɣ׷źͷŻĵӰҪͬʱлɱ
һж̫ˡ
ĺ޷ֱɱǣ˿ԡ
ѵɲǼ䣬ĿĿһԾգۼԼǰûлצû죬ֻĿǣȻǵһһ
֪Σޱȣ߹ԣûκΰ취ǰһ̻ͣĺĿֲ֮Уһ̸Ҫһɱ뷨һɲɣصϢ֡뵽˹ȥ뵽ͬ޵׶ı顣Ȼ˲Ļ䣬ԺʱһƬհףΪЩһŵĻѾʧ
ʧȥ˽Ǯ׬ʧȥ˱ٶʧȥ˸飬ʧȥ˻䣬ʧȥ˹ȥǱΪ
ľȻ
ֻǶ̶һľȻ
Ѿ㹻
ͣһ󣬻Ϊ뵵
Ȼɢ
һ̣߳һڼˣڼһѺɫĽ

ն
նȥնеĻ䣬ûл䣬ûйȥ
һûйȥˣôڣôܻϣ
Ȼûܣɣ
İԵ
ãϴ󺰵ԽӢ˫ԽϵһֵͣǣԽɱȥ
޼ɽµһʬƿ˫Ȳ£˫ִЩϻ̳ϿֿĵˡĿ˭˭ͻᷢԱܵĺˡ
ˣеѽȻ
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Χǧˣԭһõᣬ֪ٽڹھǰŽ¡ɴʱ˿̣ȴ˲ʹĴۡӮҲˣǴˣԼͷȥھǶ˼
ڽŭı޲£͢ٺ޼ɺҲò˺սĥֵ
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ڰͻĺ죬쳹һ̣ͷųĻмǴ˵Ķ䣬ֱӺڵ˵ĵף
ֻܹЩ͵˲壡
ġĺ⽵١ΪԭûеǳǿĵزӰһΧӰ쵽ĸ޼ɾͽɱĸЩĺսĵֵס޼ɵĻɱ޼ɾͬһɱڵĺĿߣߵģ
ת˲䣬ƾ޼ˣͻɱ˳͢ǧʿ
ɱȥܸı֣ƴĪĹ裬Ҳ˸͢ѹ
͢Ĺǲ׽޼ɵӰĿꡣ֪ûϣ޼Ҳһһǧ֮ء뷢һƬȥ
̤ö󣬿ɻһöšһöĿ£γһиɻı㡣粻ܽ겻ܽܽЩͨʿļܽ
ʶ޼ɵ£ӯʱ˿̣ȫȻԼҲ˿ںѪ壬·岻Լġ
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ɱ
ɱɱɱ
͢˺սȻԼ˼ʧȷǺЧġ޼ɵվҪά֡һһĳ棬ǵҲ
һէ֣Գ͢˼ѹսϣսʿҲӦȥܻи޼ɵĽ£Ҳᱻ
ʱսͻȻһɼϵ
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һһϣսͻȻơ
սϱߣݽ̤ڤڶɴһ˵ˮͬںϳ˷ˣ·һв˳͢Ȼࡣ
Ǵ﷢ģ

ǿݣΪݵĵиĵ˵£ǵٴοܵ˶㡣ץסʱָսȻڰΧȦϷһȱڣ
ֵǣȥ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ʣˣûһͶûһ¶顣
һ֧ӣڳ͢ռ˴ƵİΧ¼ôã
ҲΪһ֧һȺͷˣ
ġĺ⽵١
޼ɵġն
ݵġ
ĻϣȻ漣
ǳ͢û뵽漣
˾ȻͻΧˣ
ڻֵǿߣҺԽϺ󣡡
Һһ𣡡ѪҲ֪Ļǵ˵ģʱѾȫҵɱ¾״̬
ü˵ߣү飡
ǣɫСģ
ڿ棬彣Ϻݺһ壬ѽû
ɣԽ˽ҾͲϣ
޼һƣǰὣǰһ٣ɱһ١һնһնҲԹ
ݽ̤ڤڶɴڰУͻȻЦǣǵߴбͤû뵽ֵٴμ澹ⷬ档Ǿ仰Ѫսףݣ
ҲЦ˵Ѫսףݣ
޼ɾȻҲ¶ЦݣѪսףݣ
ɱ
ҡĺ죬޼ִɱоڰֵ̳ȻûʱȴǳĬ
ǧȻ
Ȼܹ
͢ûǰΪһ
һޱϤÿֵʱǾܸܵ޾ϡ
ͣݵҲͣ޼ֻصǰ棬ִס·͵Ϯһ
͢ǰ߷ֿһСڣһм˳
һƥ
ۿȥܼ򵥣ǰƥ棬־۾ȻɫġٲȻǴ֣Ǻ޻޻Ѫս
޻޻ѪսھҲǼΪıΪܵõһƥսѣΪԼֵáˣȻðƥս
ǺεȵݳޣǺεȵĸԣ
֪е˸Ǻε


328 Ҳ죡
ǰųɺɫģһЩϡŹֵͼڣΧһЩ·һضĸоһĵ̺жʱǳϵͼں·΢΢Ĺ⣬ȻҲһ
ǻѪսҲǻһЩɵҲˡ
ͣ£ûд򿪣洫һϵ
˾ѾҾˡҵû뵽ȻҲˡûǴĻǶճǰɣճǸطѵˮҪЩô
Ѿ֪˭ˡ
ݾӸµ˵ģˡ
Ǹ˵ϰˣѾ˹ѵôûò֪ƺһô
֪˾ǹھģû¶һ˿ľ⣬Ϊҽ˹Ҹ𱰺͹صҵܵܣҺһ硣߸ҵܵܣҺһ߸硣ԴΪѣ֪أôԶֻԡҵò
ô硣
ⲻ硣˾һߣҾһɡңұˣ
֪ʲô޼ɣҪھȻնɱҳ͢ʿѵҲô
ûҲҸ硣ǹھǲ滹˵㣿ֺαظҿⶥñӣ
ĪΪվĸЩ˵еЩڹڳ͢ھӣûм˸ô˵㡪
ͻȻƿһεѸٵ˹ȥ
һʱݾ͸ܵˣоȴΪ
һս⣬ǿ޷赲ս⡣
ž
ڤڶɴǱԼٶײĲȣֱӴӰˤ䡣
һĻ޼ɾüͷһ塣
֪ܵ˲֪࣬ЩҲ࣬޼ɾ֪ġ֪ݽµڤڶɴҲ֪ǻ굤ʵľֻǿһսͽڤڶɴƷͽݺϡ
ʵǴ˼ѹ
Ǻͳ͢Ž֣ڻĮҲ͹ھľӽ֣ûкս֪ĵʵʵ
ֻ֪Ķ棬ȻģĻȴ塣ֻûĻľǵһˡɴ˿ɼĵʵҲͬСʱС
ˣ磬ô̧ͷ˵أ
ģҪ
ݿٴӵڤڶɴսռһֲʾ˵
ҪѾǳ͢˵Ҫ
ݳĬֵ㻹ִǣҲ㵱ѾԴ
޼ǰҪǣɱҡ
αأַʽвң㲻̫ô˵ΪǲֵáùүµһĶӣֻҪŬԺһܳΪĸ֡Ƿ޵δǾΪʱĴˣ̫ϧˡ
ʱĴ󣿡Цģ֪еĴ˵Ķ
˵ݼ˵Ҳ֪ȻǸӡʲôã񾩳ʲôãֵܣ׽ܣȴҲҪҲҪɱҲҪĶǣɱ˶ᱦһֱܺ棬ѵûô
Ȼаû飬κһô໰
ãȻ˵飬ǣΪ⣬ҸҲĵܵܣ
ǿɲСûнûϸͲǹˡȻǹˣôҵܵܣ
ν飿Ц
ݰǿǰ߳һСݣϻʲôҪץǣҲúúôһ˵ʲôϸʲôˣûйĸ磬Ҳûйĸף
˵úãͻȻȻ㶼˵ˣҾͲˣ
ܵﴫɱ⣬æѹ磬ʹߣ
üͷСݣ˵ʲô
ݽ͵ǲĶ֣
ݺͱƽ֣ԱƵϤչֳҪȱǿöࡣݶ϶ľԲǴ굤ٶǱ굤пܸߡ
굤мʹҲǲɿܵġܡҲԶƴһƴȴԸ⡣иõİ취ǺαƴأƴǶûУʲôûˡ
ץס֣ǲǻиҪҪ磬ˣô죿ɩô죿ô죿磬㣬үүΨһϣǧﵹ£
ˣô죿޼ͬʱ˵
ݳһۣĻɱǣȴɱҡǹүϵĶӣɱңû취
ǡǵĵܵܣΪǡ
磡˵Ļһжʱƣɽڣûգǰ˵жҪ£һҪһҪдǣôˣ
ҧЩףðɣߣ
ݽ޼ɺݺһƣߣΪǻܼ棬߰
ߣߵõô
ƿһų͢Ƥ𪣬òӴ˳
ӵòƣǶͬһˣǱ
˲˭
һ߳һУʱγɵĵб޼ɵıӰȥ
ݽƷһԾʹСѹѵ
߲̾ġ
Աϣľ֣ȫ
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˫չʱһɺ̺һâִӺܴڴӽâ
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һ̣һըÿһαըһź𣬺һſɲס˲佫͢ڵסɲǼ˳ǧ
ЩȻĲ࣬ɵĻ͵ĸ٣ڻ;ʿǰһ࣬ҳ͢ʿҲٺЩ֮ڤĹｻ֣ȱ飬һʱ֮䵹ޱĻš
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ЦΪЩסңЩͨҲͰˡҴıսѪ죬Խ
ľ֣ŭ
һ£ȫʿͻȻ쳤𣬷·ҪһѪ뼤ͳͳͷų
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ָ߾ٹꪣŭȵǳʳģǵӣҲؼգԶںװɣ
ģȻˣǾսʹɣ
Ҳŭһۡ
ڿնڿתһɫĹâ
ÿһâԾͶһȺȺЩһӣǸָֻǼʱ䣬ǧҡ
ЩеĻҲܶ࣬ʵֺĹҪǿ
һʱ֮䣬죡
һûƻ趼ޱȹ죬͢ʿ˵С飬һĻ⡣
սǲ£ǸǿҲˡˣ㡣ΪԼҲˡ
ǰЩˣǹһսô
ܵ˾е궯ĵ۾гһСϸ죬䣬ŭ⣬û뵽㻹һ֣ȻԼѵƺ˵ʱһȫţĺܶࡣУôḻԴСˡ
֪ʲôôͳ˧ɱҪǴġΪǹ麣Ҫ綼ڽô
û뵽麣ֻĵ˵ͻȻ֣һǱͻȻԺ
ڵõ֮ǰ̳еľǹ麣²
Ժܺһ̤磬ΨҶǻ˭۸Լ۸Լ׽ˣ
죬ǴҵıҪǾɣֻ֪һУǷԱģԱļҲ죡
ģսɣ


329 
һ鵤븹ʼ֪졣
պսһճɣɴʵ
ԾߣǨӿճ
ҩ֮ѣҲ֪졣
һ䡰Ҳ족ݵһ̵ŲʲôǴŲʲôҪ¶ǷԱġȸǷԱģƺΪǷԱģǷԱģе¶ǷԱġ
Ȼе鶼ǷԱģǻĶǣ
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˵仰ֻú죬ȫе֮ͨͨɢȥˬղսʱĵĻָ״̬˲䵽˼õ״̬
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ĵƤ΢΢һͶޱȾ۵Ŀ⣬·ڿǸšһҲһ־磬Ϊľ硣Ϊ絽ˣ;;һõı¡츳ˣսţôھϵ͵ʱҲǿһõģȫ˵컯
ݾڴʱһá̳ȴʩչƣͬʱ˶ͻҪͬʱʹǾΪѩɽĻҪͬʱ˶켣굤ҲҪͬķͬʱͻ
ƽﲢûⷽһ̣һһ̣ˡ

ƣ
ϵϮͬһɽ㵹ͬХӭĵӰڴʱ˿ԵôСʹеʱѱֳݵľȣֻǾȣȻ˿治ɫ
Ȼ䣬һĿ⡣
Ȼˡ
ܣֱӳƳ˹ȥ
ıܣųԽԽİ׹⣬ֱ׹ѿ׹Ӱ
飡
ƻŰ׹ϣ׹ɢĵӰȴʧ
һ̣֮ǰɱһͻȻסУѷС
ಣ
֪ʱվݵ󣬱ݣȴȻ
ЩСûֱݴȥǲԼͬķģҪ»صĵ֮¡
ЩСҪɻĵ壬ҪƣҪݡ
žžžžž
СϣƺһСʯͷȻЩʯͷߣֱײݵϡ
Сɻĵ
ĵһССɽ
ǱʯƣǱʯûݣΪ׼ķڣ
תǰСɽȥ
ɢСɽѸоһ˿Ϣ
ãֱϢüΪ΢Сɽ˵̱ߵһԭֻΪɱ㡣ڣȴԾĹ
һս֪ȷ֮ѵһţҲѹѡˣͿҲԸΪͽֵ֮Уңֶһ㣬״˵ѪȻͬ졣
ҾͲڳٿˣû˵ҪΪǱһҪϡ֪츳ηϵ֣ɳǿδһôɡǽһţǾþˣǱˡˣҲȥ͸״˽
΢΢ı۾ɫͻȻüΪѿֱȵҪȺֵܵĴ磡Ҳδˣ

Сɽ⣬ͻȻЦһӡ


333 ڶ׶
СƺдŹʯϮʱΨһĸоľȻȻǰڣԺܵһɾ޴ײʹȥ
ѱСɽȴȻʯͷѹʹҲоȱϢܣ־ֻһƬ
ƯһҶСۣԼ
СεӰֻƯ캣ʴ¡¡죬ΧȴǷƽ˾һֱƽ˾ȥСۻܼǰСƫƫǺ¡¡ԶһͬްȻ𣬾죬һߵĴ˴Զȴӭ泯С
ССﾭ˵ڣת˲㱻ûʱͻȻ֣ʵҶСۣһֱ˯СеǸˡͼԴˮ棬ڴڵһÿ뷨һ˾ͻϣ
ݲֻҪԼһڣǾлȥĿܡ
ڣˮ棬Ҳû˷ܵǣҶСۻڣ;ͣˮϡãã֮УһҶС۶ûУûлϰ
ִϣ׼һֻץסأ÷Ծȥ
ʱһֻ˹
һֻɫ֡׼ȷ˵ⲻ֣һצӡ
̧ͷԮֵˡ
Ȼ֣ôϵˡҲˡ
ӳģһӴס
ճ޾ϣݻ˻þΪڶЦ
еЦ
ԥؽֵ˹ȥ
ֺצסһɲǣͻȻʼת٣ΪһƬɫСҲ٣ΪһƬ޾Ŀռ䡣
Ƭռ֮С
ʱ͵ؾѡ
ĲСɽеĺڰһĿռ䣬ռ䡣
ѻΪɫսſߣ˿ڡݼֱǰһĻսĽᾧǺεϵĴڣھȻڰ˿ڣ
ò˼Ŀ⳯ȥһƬɫȻ֮УɢŨҵĻ
ûСչأǸռû
ݺݺԼһ£ʹҲΡ
սû˵ֻǲͣԴݵ
ͻȻһæסͷұʲôԲԣ
սꪵͷԵüΪ
ôô
սꪳĬ
ղѵ
սꪵͷ
Ҫҵİ
սꪵͷ
ܽҵӡˣ
ͻȻצһХ
æַϣע壬ںϡ
һ̣һɽɫâγɵĴȦ
ڴȦУ21СȦ
ĹȦ΢Ҫһ㣬20СȦΧת
ǡݾϵͳ߶ģʽѵڶ׶ˣ
Ȧֺ̱·˽ڻԵĳ˯
͵ش˸ָȫĴʹ̼ʧӰ٣ϲһһС˵ûǻожĺҹʱսǰʱ俴ƲģʵǸϵͳף
֮ѾŴϢЩȻһҹõĪҲΪõС˵ож
һ뵽ݱ㲻ѣйսꪵľ飬֪
ʮӡʶĳһһǶʮСȦ֮С
ʮӡһŽȥǳ˼ͻȻѣæͷһҪӣϧǲûܷ
мһȦﲻܷӡ㣬Ż굤ġ
뵽ݿӡԼв٣ɻ굤
ˣ
ִ˸ָԼвһ굤𣿶һǱ굤
Ȿ굤Щˣɵһ׶ʱС굤֪Ҫǿ˶ٱ
뵽æóħı굤ĴȦ֮С
̼䣬ռ
۾ֳ˵ɫ
һ̣һɳ죬ĵ
ռ޾ǰɫĺȻѹǹȥͻȻоԼȻڷ޴ı仯
ԼȻ̤ڸռϣȴоԼڿУһ֮ΪĵǿҸоĵѸٵȫӶȥԼ·һ޴Ļųռелƴꡣ
ĻڤڶɴеĻͷųĻһ޵Ĵθյʳﶼ̽˶
Ȼ䣬ݷ֮еĻ굤׳Щ
ϲķ֣һϢϢǶĸ
ڸ֮Уڴ
˷쳣æǰѧᣬѧȫˡʱͽ
ʱѾȫ״̬Լʱ䣬еĹȥƣһһ
ȻԼǾͲʹĸܡȻʱ䣬Ȼ֪ѹȥ˶á
۾˲䣬ڸռȻ
굤еĻ׳󣬻굤Ҳ׳
׳ûֹͣǼ׳ȥ
ֱǻ굤ʵʵı仯
ݱ仯ˣΪڻ굤ĴСѺ֮ǰȫһȫһһС֡
˻굤׳⣬ݸоԼľ˲ȫָ굤еĻһֺ֮ĸоѩɽеĻÿεĻǻٶȶǰ౶
һʵı仯
ʵı仯ž
ԭأѲɣϵͳڶ׶ɣԼѧҲ굤ˣ
ǺĵĶʮӡһ굤Ͷֵõģ


Сɽ⣬һɵЦһ侲
侲ģĮ
ĮŶĿ⳯СɽһۣȻתȥ
ôöû϶ˡ
˵һ䣬΢΢ı۾ּ򵥵ĶΪܵĬ
꣡
ͻȻһ죬СžĸϣС
ͣ½Ųûлعͷ
ܡţôصˣҲû
Լ˵ȴûǰ
꣡ꡪ
ԽԽƵԽԽ顱һСɽͻȻ
̲ס͵ת
ʯ׷ɣʯݵӰЩ׷ɵʯһ𻺻
ͺţд⡣ȫȻǾڸղžһսҲˣͻȻīǳ
ŴͷųĻĵ۾гһСϸ졣
ͻȻ٣ڵ棬Ȼһָ
Щʯ·öָʾһȻʹڰС
㡭˵Щʲôͣȴֲ֪˵Щʲô
Һܺá˵
ĵͷˡ
΢΢һЦüëȻšһţü䲻֮ǰأԵƵᣬҺܺãܲá
ĵҺܲá
ݵĿͻȻһ٣ǰͻȻʵʵĿ⣬ĿȼգƮĻȻŨҵĻ
ᶨܡ


334 
һܡ̵֣õ۹ھү굤ĳĬ
ĬΪûҲΪܴСɽ˵֡
ܲã˵ܡ
ܣζǿ
Ϊǿ
֪һսûн
Ĭ˵Ѿˣ˵
֡
ٴڱʧƶѾһŰ׹ȡŰ׹ʧʱƾճСȴ֪١
ƽǰûŰ׹⣬ûСҲûȥĿĵС̳

һս϶ʱ޾û
ͬȴǺǰȫͬݵһţ
һݳŰ׹ͻȻʧһݵ󼤵һӰǱһ˳ݵĲ档
ûת̳

һΧĿͻȻŤŤŤһƬ磬ƽĿڸֳһĨ־壬ȻʼʧĲҽС
Ķ䣬ÿһë壬Ժ࣬绹ڣתһƬ磬һƬǣһƬڰ
ѳʧȥս
ȴû˶ͣ촽һеһͻȻֹͣ
һ˲䣬ݵһţ֮·һס
ڰ
һһ
еʧˣеĻʧˣһȴȽȽգȴĴӰ۵糸ͬؼصĴ͵¡
û죬û𵴣еֻƽ
ɢȥȻվԭأ浹£ô͵Ŀ⿴ݣƺ˵ƺ˵
ѾݣѾˡ
ڣǻָһЩж϶˵֡
󡭡굤
ǵġݼ򵥵ĻشȻ֣һ
ᣬ⣬ûоҵĻҲûͷκλ
ЩԭڿеĹʯʯ׷£γ˸ϵĵڶСɽ
͵һСɽͼûжͬĸ߶ȣͬĺȣͬǣ֮ǰѹŵݣѹŵȴġ
ǰСɽ˵ǵ۹ھĳӣôڤڤ֮ƺӦɵʹˣˡı⣬ټ㣬ôҲȻ
һ⣬ҵķڣһ㡣
Աϣݱ۾ַʽΪĬ
ͻȻι磬ŸԭͲĿܴСɽһЩϸСʯͷҲ࣬¶ʯ
ʯܼӲܺء
СɽѻȻı仯仯Ҳǹ¶ȺҲ˴Ҵ·˭֪͢ĮӴһ֧ӵ˧õ۹ھ˿̾СɽС
֪ϲޱ


֪Ȼϲޱ
ͺñ޼ɣǲ֪ʱݵϲޱ
ûû޼мΪҪȥӪݣŭ
޼ɹĵܵܣȻҲϵܵܣݵĸԡһȥһоͶ׷ˡ
޼ý˲ϣǼᶨƵ޼ɼȥ
ǵһ׶Σڶ׶αǺ馻ϡ
ǧֻʣ٣۴ĸ˵ǲҰܶ顣ǱҪ飬֪ǲȥǲʧǲ
ǲԸˣٲԸˡ
ͶһʱͷԷȣҲƣʵĸԸǲʲô´壬ֻҪͷأҵǸĽļΪΪ֪ĺã֪馵ĺã֪馵ǿ
͢ǿ󵽼µ֣ţҲջбɳ͢ݱֵһ졣
ֻҪǼ֡
Ϊ޼ɲȰ裬ûлͷ
ǽڶ׶Σ馻ϡ
Ǵӻԭڡ
Ȼûôţʣµٲвһľһսڿ־֮ƴôã˳Ųסˡ
Ϣ
ǻϽ׶ΨһһϢᡣããĮ̫࣬ѾΪһ֧¾һǳ͢׷ɱĹ¾ǲʱϣǾͽĮеɡ
һУ׷ѡ
ǲԼȴݰæһ
ǺװƵĻȴʵΪǵ
޼ɶӶӿռóʣˮ͹һڡǵľԽˮ꾳ûˮҲܴˮмѹһЩЩˮϾûʵˮ׽ʡ
ղʹĴһڸо꼸ˮͻȻ޼ʵûʺսйص飬Ҳûĸ̾龪ʳһ仰
޼ȴ˵оǺǿҡ
ȥʵأ
ú෴оǳǿҡ
޼ɵϲ
Цûʲôϲġ֮Ϣҵ룬Īĵõǿ׳ǵѩɽӣǵΪһ·һϾܹɾͻ굤ĳ嶯Ҳǽ˶ˡ굤ǻ͵ĵңһɾͻ굤ͻ˳ΪǿߵʸǿٵÿǿʸĻҲһҪôףҵĸоǾһսűǿңҲſʼǿңǴһҹһֱǿҡҲֻǿҵĸоȴȻ޷һţ굤
޼ɵüΪ棬ɫ˵һֱΪΪڽľϷ仯򽣶ֹ򽣶ˣȻŽ㣬ֻҶͥôһֻҪԼ㣬ȻоΪôҲܣмĸ꣬мǼߣֻҪմһ޾ǻţƺζŻûɲţҪŬкܶࡣ
ġšһĵĵ˵ͷ
һ̣޼ɲһ磬ĵĽ̵Լĵܵܡ
УΪ޼ɵϵкܶ߼ĻŶ޼Ϸ˵˵ֵͺñһ֣֡һػ޳Σܵÿ㣬жܶ졣޼֣ʱʱ֣̿̽ʵٶȣڹؼʱ̻֣ɽ¡
֮Ŭ޼ɵСѾˣҲˡ
ٴε˵ͷ֣ص˵û굤ɲˣţ
޼֣ļģүҪиҪµȥϢһ͹ˡ
˻ˮ滹һʣˮݸ޼ɡ
޼ɽӹˮȴûкȣ۾΢΢
·ҲоʲôͷĬ
ã˵ȻˣǾ֮ѵصסô
ֻǶϢһᣬ񫡣
޼ɶһۣнɫΪ⴫˵Ů˵ǲǵãھŮԸ֡
һʯ߳һŮˡ
׼ȷ˵ӳһ˫ȡ
һ˫£ֱ£׵£µȡ
ȵһؿڴһźģıʯһεĶ̿㣬һ˫ȫ¶ڿ֮Сһɫˬ
޼ɶʶǼȻҲʶǸˡ
塣˵һվ
޼ɽַڽϣҲվ
΢΢һЦָϵĲɫֻЦǵңܺá
̧ͷ޼ȥеЦ˲仯ʵʵϬĿ⡣
һһٵ˵޼ɣ


335 ԭǸɧ
һƵıȴ޼ޱȳء
²˵κα飬¶κĿ⣬ֻվǰҲǸ֣ܵޡ
ȻԼҿУճǻǿؼĳˣѪϴҵˣ޼ɡ
ܺߣʵ
޼֣ȻҲ
ƺʲôҲ˵սǡñı𣬸÷ķȴûмڶ֣ܶԷûлشڱ⣬Ǽ˵ǾĻţ޼ǾСеĵһǶɾͲ˻굤ǵȷµһЦ
޼Ȼûлشֻǿ塣
ŵЦעҪΪǳɲˡ
΢΢һ䣬˵Ϊˡ
ΪˣǳɲˣĻŮ˵ԵЩ΢ͷ壬˵òҷָŮ仯ĺܴ󡣡
עʵҵ֪ˡ
ֿ˵˵ϲˡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ƺûвΣգ
һǾͲˡɬһЦ֪ɾͻ굤ˡ
һһǽ޼ɣɾͻ굤θ
Һ⡣
ҲҺ⡣
ţͷû뵽ǺһҲĴˡ
˵⣬ϲûб¶κɫɫɫƺ֮ǰڹʯе㷢ˡ
Һˡǰһֱĳֻ˿ö֮ҲһΨĻ档ΪĺܼʱǳһЩȵǳɾͻ굤ˣҾҪȴ
ֻ̾һŮˣһƥǡ㲻Ҫȴ
Ҫ𡣡
αꣿ㿴ս֮ϣɱңɱ㣬ѵÿһɱԷ˾ǶԷĳˣҵҲͳ͢սһܿܣ˾ͽˣ͸һµĿʼҪʱǸͷ
ɱоĺӡ
ԣһ㶣ȻɫȻһ䣬ȵ˵ѣ
ҵȻ˵ѡЦŮңҲɱҾᶯԼˡ
彫ָ̯ںİ˵ղŶŭˡɱо㻹ƴ׷ҵĺǣÿҪѩޣ
Ĭ
忴һֱЦ
ǡͻȻҲЦˣҡҡͷҾңСݾСݣСݵһһѧȰǱõ黯ޣһôѵ鰡ƫƫСݾˣѾͷصĸȴ
Цסԭʵ顣
̯֣ұû˵
岻ٺԣǳԵ޼ȥͺȵ޼ɣҹǰѽնɱҲ֪ѵһԲôͷڹô
޼ϲޱ˵ȻѽǷ˲֪Ȼý˵
ã΢ŭԽӲҴɱԽʹ죡
Աϣ˫ڵһ㣬ʱڰзתԾߵĿС˫չһɼǿɢγһԲĤУڰСÿһ˿ÿһƴͷųĻɱ⡣
ٲвʱִ屼ȥ޼ɻм䡣
Ӹ£Ȼֻ˽ǲϧҲɱ䡣ֻҪҾɱŲţ
ᶨŵζôЩʱղΪɾ͡ǻ굤ʵܳ˻굤Ϊ⣬˸ʮֶΡϾʵǵȵõеˣе϶ҪһЩ
޼ȻֻоеĽ꾳ҲֹһԽͻ굤ս֮ǰսУǾɱĸ굤ԶԻ굤Ͳôη塣
岻ͬ
Ҳˡ
ڴͬһΣôľǸߣһǸ߳һ󾳽磬Ǿͷǳˡ
ֻϷʣȴǷǳ档
Ը壬ȫԸ
Ƕȥ˭ҲҪ
ȴûһ
ͻȻŭĻѵĸģҪ
ǻ̵ֻĺˣǳǾ
ںǳ䣬Ѿȷˡ˫һǰһ۳룬ָһɨָơ
ָѪںϡȫųһѪ⣬ȫͷųͬѪɫĻϷ۳һѾ޴Ĺͷ󵶡
󵶳ͣȻ͵£϶ʱһ뵵ĺɫ
֮Уª׶ħűǱѿ׶ǰͳ壬·Ҫ޼ɵʳ˺ҧƬԽ
Ѫħն
ڵӢϣ廹ӱʱ򣬾ǿЩҪݵʱֻһ꾳ĻͶѡ
ڣǵҵĻ굤͡
ѪĻǽȡ
Ѫħնǰδеÿһ񶼷·ʵʣȫų۵Ѫ⣬ÿһôʵÿһǡ
ѿ
ʮ
޼ɲѿֵԼĹÿһǰ˺ɷ顣ҲǳΪЩƤ̫ڼӲޱǿ˺ˣֻҪͷ­ڣҴ͸ѿĲ棬Ǿͻ˺ҧòӳ״̬һóѿĲ棬ܽϮĹ
޼ִմѪħÿһȥһʧ֮䡣֮࣬ٶ֮࣬ȴӦӲϾÿ輸˼ԸԼڳеĿռ䡣
ʮ޼ɵĳҲĵĽʱʹʮʱ򣬶֮ƶԵ˽ڽڽƣֻбˣԼ˵ĵ
һ뵽޼ɽѹһҧһᣬҲܻ᲻ᱻЩץסԼŵײסһʯӣ͵ط˷ֱʹʮĽʮ彣
´ΣգҲٺˣֱǰ
޼ɵĽ
޼ɵԹΪظȾҲټѿԴԴϵĹǼɱ󣬽̤УЩ񣬶ֱȡ壡
ƺˣ屻ǵµЩȻûˡ
öΧתĽͣǰûĿʵȴڲȥЩĿ⣬һ㼫侫ĻڽγһɷǳǿӲʵȻŽ˹ȥ
סԲȦͻȻһԭȥһͻȻ·һ濴ȥޱȺʵǽڡǽϲͣתƺþҲֻܽǽһС
ʱ޼ɲ֪ʱ£˫ִһԾ죬һĿ¡
գ
һ䣬û뵽޼ɾȻѡĹ·ߡҪ֪Ǳ޼һ˵ľ壬ȻǰѽĿ½룬Ȼ󾭹׸زһ⴮
޼գ˵Ĳô̫ˡΪһֹգֱմ̵˼¡
޼һҲﰵƽﲻһӣԭǸɧͣ


336 
ȻʱˣҲȻʱӦ˵ֻǰҪӦĽ·ͻȻҪӦ޼ɵĽȻ޴룬Ҳ龪һ
˵ļл֣ϵĲɫֻʱС
һսĬսѣֶ֡Ը꾳ͣҾһʮҲ׾٣ԸǼƽԣɱһһ
˵ţĿ޼֮شȥȰסɱ
仰ѷеĲɫȻһһʦõķȡ
ⷨȵʽܼ࣬һߣϲһɫͻɫƬںͷƮݵĳ¡ߵߣͷȴһͷͷһ۾Ө͸ıʯһɫһɫһɹɹ޴ͷų
һʱսһɹϢ
ΪϢһ˵˸оǿϢ
ͷϵͬʱ˸۵ĹâȻһ㳯˹ȥ
ٶȺܿ죬ߺᣬʶûΣյľʤ
ƫ
ű䡪䣡
˵Ľ࣬˸żâȻۡһȻһֻС
СССܣϸȥᷢһֻǡ
һĻ侲޼ҲɵۣٲвǸĿɿڴȺ˷ۿԼ˧һֻǣ
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һū˧ƵΪūţһô꣬ΪҪһЩȴ֪ϵԴ࣬ʵͲ֮ϡ
һֱǿ
˵׽٣㲻һҲ׽٣
ͿͻȻʵʮȥҲ٣ǻ٣٣
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ԭˡ
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ԭͿ˧Ƶؿ޺ţһֱս
ʦڽֲʲô취ܰﵽ㣿ͻȻʵ
Ϳ˵ֻɰˡү߰ɡ
ݵȻɣҾʦȻһȥ
˧ƵЦһͽܡ
ͿҴӣ޺ΨһźǣûΪӰáһ磬Ѫ½ѪԳܵôջ󣬾Ȼ˶ҳֵĵزһ㣬û뵽
˧Ƶصֹ㣬ͷҲ뵽
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׵̫͸һ£˵һˡ
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Ϳ˵ҵĶԹûߵһֺαؽԹأ
˧Ƶص﷢£û˻֪
Ѿף˧ƵƺҪԼ֡
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˧ƵضȻ˵һ䣬Ȼն˫һŤ
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ԼҲǵʱŵɫҰס
Ѿˣݺƿ
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Ϳͺһڵǲʡµݣתͷ˧Ƶصƻ
û˧ƵЦͽѾûˡ


340 ƻ
Ϳ۾ĵ̾Ϣһ
һ̣ؿͻȻѿһźɫĹâʱݵؿڣ·һ㡣
˧Ƶض΢΢һȻΪ
кβɣͿҺһǰΪ°ɣ
ūţ˧ƵشǰΪӰ¡ô˵ΪԼͽܣ
ͽûӵ׶ӣҵİӡ
ΪܾȵôеĿɲҵĻƻҪƳƻҪƳĹƣƣơԼҲֻΪƳĹưˣƺô죿
ͿͻȻ˫֣ϵıȻɲǼŤһεȵﱬ˧ƵغݺݵƼǽϡ
һ̣˿˿Ƶ׵ڱ˧ƵγһʮĽ硣ĺÿһ֣ͿҪһ֣ϵƤۿɼٶϻή
˧Ƶ˵⡭׽ٵôǿ󰡡Ҹ绹ţӦҲ׽˰ɣ˵׽ľ磬Ȼ١׵һʹһȷסˡ
ͿϷӣʮ㲻ΪûиϣʶҲûϡ׽ľ硭֮·Զء˧аԵۣһʱǺ͹麣һʱƨ㲻ϡ麣ǰߵԳҪǿٱֻǸɹʱѾ˽ˡ˽˥ܣɽ緱٣źţûл̤ȥɽ翴һˡ
˧ƵͻȻĬ룬Լж೤᲻ǰһźȥ
ã˵Ϳǰֶˡסѵȵͽô
Ϳûлشǳȥ
ͿƽֻǱһʱоȫ
ֻǳɾͻ굤õĻͣҲ֪һ굤Ͼǻ񾳣׽ʲôĸͲ
ܸܵõǰ˺ǿǿ޷ĵز
Сǹү𣿡
ү˵ݣ
ǵġ
ҡҲѡ
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ңҧҧҲ֪ΪʲôҪңҺǳˡ
Ϳ̾ǰԵԩңԼɼ⡣
ҵ⣿㷲ţƺʲôϷ˺Ρ
̽ͷѻԲѵȥ۵ģ۾ţȻܸܵǼִŵĿ⡣
ǰݵ֣ڵ֮ǰݵЩͻȻãݵȷûô
ֻͷһͱݺݵѹȥ
ں˼ЩʲôҵĴ˰
ʱͿ˵ҪҪƳĹƣƽħطƻĹѾΪˣƾ͵ÿˡ
ƣô⣿ʵ
Сҵ㹻үүˣ㣬㻹Ǵ𣿡
ʱ˺ƨɣ⡭
Ϳ΢΢һЦˡҪƣҪ֮塣
˫۶ʱһ֧֧˵㣡Ҫҡ
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ⲻܣؾ
ˣͿ۾
˧ƵЦ̴ˣȻԸ⡣˵Ը⣬Ҳƣô죿
ȻԼͿƶ˵ţүһܿ˷ħϺЩνĻþ
ô϶
ȻΪͽܡ
һ£Ϳ˵ƻ񶾣߱ΪûܰùЩþүͬʱĽӣ֮Ĵˣ־ġҾ֪ƻԳһ磬ܰùƻˣûе˺±䣬۷ḻľ飬Ծмİ룬ү˶ø
ⲻܣеÿĵħϣͬȻħϣǱ޷ֵϰ˧ƵͻȻŭ쿪ܰȥ㰾ùȥ㿴ԼһһϻһͻʱҾʣ
ֻҪѣҾͲ
ƾʲôôаգ
Ϳ΢΢һЦһĳŵ



ƻ
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硣
Ժ
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ݵʶֻһʶʶȴڲͣظЩ
ֱָ֪
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еնڵϵ˵ǺաҸԡڷǧ׸߿еնԾЩˡܱǳ񼶱ǿߣѾϰڿа裬ǿڴȻ»ô΢ȵ¶Ƥ˺ѵնٸеЩѣκͲʡ
ҲֽײġܹУȴǧ׸ߵĸ߿սȻҲôߣĶƺΪ԰ԼʵҪսڸߴ
ˣħƣ޷Ϊ֤񼶱ˡҽӵսʱ;֣ǰңôôҪսˣԭΪͻơϲˣ½ǿҲˣڤҲᱨԹⱲʲôźˡ
ֹͣУ˫ԵĲ䣬һɵıԷƮɫͫ׶ǰĶ֣ܿԷһС
װգֻսʤ㣬ڼڤʱҲŲźشһСֵӣٳõӢֻһסһֻ۾˸оЩɭ˱յĶ֣ǳħơ
ЦһһЦʶʮܹ꣬ʮΣûӮһΡҪսʤңΪô
ʳָһڵס۾Ȼڶʳָʮ˴Σʮ˴Ρ
ЦʧǼ̡ȻǵӦ˽֮Ĳࡣپ磬пսʤңƺǲܵġǿߣһ궼һǸ֮Ӳ㡣
ҲҪΪǿߣֻҪܴУ˵
ɫͻȻһ䣬Цȫޣɫ˫бĹ⣬һתۼǰһȭȥ
ȷˣ˵־Ͷ֣ǿ߷緶
죬Ҿͳ״Ҫսʤҵͷ֪ʲô޷Խ
һȭ£˵ܶʱںĹ⣬ͣѹţţʱᱬըһ㡣ɲǼ䣬ֻоԨѹֽŴ˼ܶ
ȣϾҲǵǿߣ鼱֮£Ǳܣ͵سȭӲƴȥ
飡
˫ȭײ·ըһ㣬ŨŨУƱڿʧⷭŸͷԽԽԶӰ
һ־ռϷ磬ղû˶⣬üͷһ͵һ˶ʱʧһ̣ƾȻԭλãһȭ¡
˸գƲأ
ƻδվͳͬʱһϣٴν߷ɡƺٴԼ͵Ϯ·ԾƵĽ켣Լʧתۼ䣬˾½˽ǧףն˵ӰһЩ
Ǳӣ΢ЦȻҲˣϾ½ģ̫Ƿȱ򡣶ңʮǰѾˣϣɽٵˡԣڴٶϣԶԶҡ˵ôҶ
ѣżŸոտʼƵ࣬һʱһѳ޳У˦˳ȥ
ˣ໣ⳤ˶з޴죬ͬʱϸֳһ͹СЩ͹ԽԽԽԽߣȻѣܳһѪڵĶߣ̶ĺ
һое䵶Ƶе³һе³ıеīɫĶ̣ͳͳϮ


341 

ÿһߣǰڿеܹݻһǳءʱ˿̣ͬʱʩӵϣǺεȵοƵľ˽ִĹ£Ǳ޿ɱܡ
ʮ˵ľǵ㵽Ϊֹû뵽ξȻɱС
յϣ֣һʱһʺɫĹâ𣬹âɢȥ֮һ޳ĽС
ƣֻ³һȻӽǰһ
ɲǼ䣬ɢ
߽ӲڰУײеôͣĻɿƮɢڿСͬеޣҲꡱ˼ϳ˼أΪƷ
ƾȵ죬޵ĸˣ׼ޡͱôһ»ٵˡ
ջӱ轣ºɫĽӰȻбȻ޶ŪˡΪɱ˲ˣ˲ٱ׼Ͼֻ׼ܶùοбĿǣħɱ񣬲ڻ¡ңսʤңҵĲͻԽԺ󣬸սʤˡ
ΪΣȤʵ
յ˵ĻͣǴͱһֻ׷ļ޺ͻļ£ΨһҲսʹá㣬ѾԽԽˣϣ³ˡ
ЦʲôֻҪսʤ֣κηʽǿеģٳһǣħȭ֮
˵䣬͵شһȭͬʱһѱͼڵĴӡһȭ֮ʱͷϸֳһȫ㡢ͷСĿ顣ͬʱǴϵͼڷҫ۵Ĺ⣬ӱۿɼٶȷŴһɽСѹȥһȭһʹѣʯá
һȭ֮ʱյǰһ룬ڲͬУʹǰĿòͬλһ㡣
һɱУһ
һĻղ¶ȵĿ⣬޵벻֮䵽УħȭҲѧˣ˧ǼһѾ˧ǰ޳񣬾ȻԵУȻ򵥡㱳󾿾˭
˧ʲôսʤɱҵԸ֮ɱ
ԣսʤ˧첻ʲôҪɱңӵʮ֮Ҳǲܵġһʽ֮⣡
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Ƴһۣޱߵѹͳ꣬һɹŭҴܣҪߵĳ嶯ٳǰȥ󣬱оһ޷İ·Ů٣ָӣսֻ밲һᣬ˯һ
ּ˵һԺУʱң¶˼յĽ͵ؿڣƳȭ֮Ҳܵ˾޴ײҴܡ
վٽһָָ֮³һƣ
һơͬ͸˲֮ϡǴӱ㲻ͣزţͼھĳơ
ãȻˣΪ˾֮ȥֶƴ֮ȥ
׵飡˰֮
׼ıı죬Ҳ޷ӡ뱦һᣬٴ֮ʱѱջС
ϧûдȻ֮Ҳֻл³ո̾һ䣬ŵһֱΪǲ񼶱ġڿ㱳Ȼи˳㾳ͻƣõ˶ıʼ벻ӣ½˭ô£ѵ˽ˣܣô£Ҳ֪ܲҲ㡣
ȻǴ½һĴ˲㣡ɲ⣡ֺγ͸ңգļգƴӶͳһƿɫҺ壬˵һƿȥɲǼ䣬һƵëɢʹ֮С
ǣһΣվһ
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Ȼħڳ˹ϵħҩˮһƿܻȡһİưƣɷѿҪɱңҪѪô
ҡҡͷЦѪؼ伫ŵرٲ˷ºѱɾӢؼ亱νе֮ȷˣ
ƻһ٣ͻȻüΪ棬ΪľֻǴ㣡׵սʤ㣬ɱ㣬һԶıʷѪ͡˵ͲҪҶҲ˿ȤΪģҪ֤Ȼսʤʮ˴Σȴһαһǿ󡣶ֻսʤһΣԶʧοֻҪսʤ㣬ҵĽŻ򿪣ΪŻõͻơԣգȥɣ
ȥ㣡ƻδͿǰͻȻʧԭ֪ħҩˮ˵֮ʣɱУƳ֮ǰһɱ
ǰкܶɱƣǶǵ㵽Ϊֹľʲôɱ죬¶ɱѾ˵Ҫɱգֶθǲϧһдۣ׼ħҩˮ˳¶ģǽ첻ƳպضĻ
Ҳ֪֪֮ѾΪǿߣ౦֣ﻹ֪ʲôĵƣԼҪԿ˷ħҩˮǿ϶׶༪١ǾȷˣҩЧδ׷ӳδʱɱ֣
ʽ̸
ȻһȥƻδӦͱɵĺסʱ˿̣ƾһպĽƾһߣ߽ĲסһƵҩЧʼãҲڱˡ˵ղգǧһ֮ʣʹĶԵһ
ƫƫ벻һĻ
סͻȻ˿ţһɾ޴ӽɢڱǡ顱һơ
շʤɲǼ·𱻾޴ɣԴ˲һƬհףǱ˺һ㣬е˲ɢ˱׵ըɳȥ
ʮǰ񣬾սѾ˼᲻ɴݵĵزڣеãȻΣΪе֪ԼԼٶʧ
ʧȥ˸ӦҲڱбٻˡ֮ܲסһƣףԼǽ֮ˡ
ⳡԼˡ
ףԼġ˵һͨһʧȥշеֱ׹
ӮˣӮˣ׹Ĺ켣Уϵı鶼˷ܶŤ޷סԼĴЦգգˣĴˣȻµұôҲ벻ʲô˰ңӮˣսʤˣ굤ըζܰɣ
ϧûٵľ硣Ҷɹ٣ɲ֮ӵ˲֮굤ըôϧ̾ɱͷҾȻԵС˵ϡ
׹ĹУԴﲻͣš˼άȴԽԽңʧʧҲʧ׹Ḷ́ҲȥĹ̡
ǧףһǧףס
ģ³һƽԭһһǳءǳܣ̻Ȼһڼսеս
Щ޹ˡ
̫ԽԽԶҲԽԽԶ
գ׹棬䵽һưܵլԺС
УƷˣ˷Ц
գӮˣڴˡӮˣ
ˣ
Ӵһ̣Ȼ۾Ҫһ硣
ʱǳ⣬ս졣


ˮͻȻһСС˻
ݵ۾
Ѻ֮ǰȫһˡ
ΪѲһ
ĻҲѲһ
ʶԳ硭
ء׵죬һɹش󣬾þòɢȥЩȥǻûɵԩŵ˵ԩʵƽһͨķ磬ڱΧһµǳԣҪԵô죬˲ûš
Ӷһ䱻ջٵ£ǱյһŰΪڵ纮һͷɫ̷ƤɫʮûһԵЩǴ˫¶Ŀ⣬Ǹ꣬ɣˡ
ʮǰǸõ꣬ҵϢʧ٣ļ̮ͥĸ˶Ҳһ³ʮꡣ
һУΪͻս
ʹӢۣҲܵᡣΪ٣ǻжǰĻݽ˽ȭͷ۾۽Ǵתˮ˽ȥ
ûˣһæĽŲݺ󷽴ݾЩ죬վݺȥ
һƹݣݾͿһȺԼµΧһԵˡһģ͸Ƴܿѿһ۾Ͷ϶һʬ
ԹˣǵӻôСˣֹؼʱֻ̾пͷҵˣԳơͷ˸Զһͷܡһ׾Ƥ˫֣׵ļֱŮ˵֡ܿģ˫մ˺ɫѪ˰׵Ͼ꾹ȻذףһһĸǾʬĸ첲
⺧˵һĻеķȺǵǰȴûһϱɫҲˣǽʬ壬ڿһƽ¡
ǱΧһ£ˮ֪ɿ˶ˡ⣬ѪѾ˾ռߵ¡ЩĴ˽ˣʱ̰ѻɱ˳Ҳʲôϡ¡ڴ½ǧϳǳأʱ˿޷ٸκεİȫСϦ޺ãֻǽƻ衣һ䣬һ𣬾ע˻һ졣
ӹǾʬѱʮ飬Գͷ꽫һָͬǣȻʣµǶˡҲûκԹԣȻһǡͷȨ
ͷתҪʱ۽ǵպϡ
һݣͷƲƲ죬ͺȵҿɲ߹ݣ⣬ûķݣ
վ²ƽ˵ұûҪ
ҲԣôҪأ۾һϸֳһ̬ЦĹүôЩƽҪأ
һͷߵߣǰһ̵ޣʲôүһܳΪ͵ķѡҪǹ嶼һԸƽ񡣡
ͷļ򣬵ͷ˵Ķ԰Ѿ꾳˰ɣҲ꾳͡Ȼǹ壬ƺȹôม
ҡҡͷӵĿݣǱΧް취ʱǱǶǷ²Ļʲôƽ֮֡˵ݵĸײǰҲˣΨһĿɽûˣԼǷһеġ˵ôȥ
ͷ鲢ûΪһκθı䣬ҲǺһ˵˵Щ̱Ļ˼ôЦǱӣҪб£͹ɱңҵ⣬ҵѪ
ΪҲңڳѾˣɱҲû˻ҡǰһ
ݳСϵԼֱȥʱѪȻӴ󣬵ҵѪ
⡭һҲҭסͻȻľٶסˡ
û뵽ݾȻ˹˺ģ˵ԼԼ
ݳҪҵѪҶΪˣôȣѵҪñӸʢȥô
ߣ߰ɣαغƽϡǼݵˣקһһֽװʬĲڼȥ
Ϊ˸ֲȣҵѪɲܰת֮ʣݽСݺ˦˳ȥݣûзȻ͵ǰһǳЩСе˴࣬ӺƤпѪֱ
㣡Ҫʱһǰ棬еصݵĸײǳˡ
ͷһקԶԣ˸ףھһӣʲô¸ɲʱҪȵԺеǻʰߣߣûˣҶûš
תۼ䣬һȺ뿪ˣֻʣǴԲ꣬תȥ
꽫մѪҺĲݸݣƵ˵ݣûȥųԹ
ҡҡͷ޼ɣлл㣬ҲҪ˵飬ʵ
޼Ȱ㲻ҪôִˣûϵġΪ˻ȥڳﻹĸ⣿ˣԻԲأ
ˣҲҪô
⡭޼һʱҭס˫һ˦յѽ㲻ԣҲҪĸף֪ĸײˣŶӿɲУ
ҲǲԵġǰȥʰǰѸոͶȥС˲ϵѪȻתͷ޼΢΢һЦ
ô޼ɣлл㡣ҵѡ
ԣ޼źףͷɵЦСǵȻҲ˭ǡ
δ˵̧꣬ͷʱľֻннԶıӰˡ
ĶǵӰݣȻ¸ҵꡣ㣬ûˣһ˿ɶǼġϣܴʹ߳һҪúûȥ


342 
һµΧ֪ж޴ĻУݻǳеĽ顣㳲֮£ѣȻҲ⣬ûյɣ˸ߵĴѾԵʿʯҲȱ첲ȣȫû˵ơݲ߽Ժӣ̤שߵֱĸ׵ķȥ
ʱŵʱȴɭɭģ߰˳ŴȥԭµʯƬס˴ס⡣ڴ˿ĸףҲ˲Щˣæ첽ĸ״ߣ㻹𣿡
ĸױӵѣ۾һ¾ȥӵݵֻʣ¹ͷͣزţ̧þȫɫƣͻٲȻһһϢĲģָݵʱ۾ˣɫҲ𽥱ˣ·ɲǼָеɡ
СݣСݡ˲ϵĺŶӵ֡
Ҳųȥһ磬㡭ôˡʹѡĸȻѲʮ죬һı仯ʵ̫ˣʮҪǱΧ֮ǰĸ׼ùˣʢĹʮ겻ͣѴѴѵĹǧСǱȥǳһˡ
񡭡һ뵽ˣݵľһ㣬ʹʹ
СݣųԵ𣿡ĸ׹еʵ
ûС裬һǶ˶ԲԣȥңھȥңңһҪԵĻԱϣת˷䡣
ҳԲԲҪؼ㰡ĸ׻δ˵꣬ݱѾܳȥˡãĸʶ£ĸ̾ˣˣֻʣСˣһ뾡һа취ȥġС²ϬԳΪ͡һͨˣҲѪĴСһҪ㣬Ѫȥ
ݴĸ׵ķ񱼶ڿŵһɲǣһƾɵĴ۵һӰ
ʱԵô
ʱҪʲôһʱ䣬ĸ׵ı仯̫ˡֻǣĸѾˣԼȴûϸעĸ𽥵ر仯ⶸȻķ֣Ŭ֧
ֻҳԵģĸҳԵġ
֪ܲҪĶȥңƴǰܣǰܣ·ֻҪԼˣʳͻƵġ
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ݼᶨ˵ǲָֻܿԼ˧Ƶسᶯ֣ΪҪǣڵȴǡʱʱ֮ǰܷס͵ÿԼˡ
޼ʵǲʲô취ˣ
취㲻ϣֻ˵һƫͷһżľȥǱҪѳһȱǾܽǣʱоؽҡʱ˧ƵغпܷܹǸĻ
޼ɵû˵ĻǰĲǶ
ҪԵĽͷӬǰ塣˵䣬һ֧ʸ˵ıǼɹЩеһݡ
޼ɾδϢ䣬ݵıĿЩ˱仯ιǣ
ǱҲһȺʮͳͳܹȻ¡
촹šס޼ɵֳ֣һۡ
ﶼܻ漣Ȼ䳰ȷ
βƽϣͬһʮɨһۣЩ˹ˡֻҪǶˣҲЧµġţֶ˵Ƕ²дݲǰĳɼˡҪͱһ㣡
Ҳ𸴣ָһԱľȺ֣ص˵ҪһӣǾܻ
ƾʲô㣿ʵ
ûѡ񣡳иõİ취
˺ˣ˵ɣҲֻһε˵ǴС飬ͬһϣӦЭͷô޼ɳȥ
ڴʱ˿̣޼ɳƺһͷյƺȻȫȴԼѱϷ²ĳ衣û˼ãǺ̬ϵɰɸɰɣûиõİ취ˡݣҵľʦ˵ôǾôƴˣ
ãл꾳ûУ

ˣ޼ɺͶ󣬻ͷŻռľ޼ǽˡǣݻܣקһʬ嵲ǰ棬ŵʬ嵱ǰ壬ͷŻ
ˣȥȷǸ⣬ɰɣһ£Ҳקһʬ壬ȳ˳ȥ
¸ҲȾ˴ң˶ʱ״̬
ûãһСľ͵оչͲͣʩЩľͳͳȼ޼ĿչȻԤҪ˳
СĳɹȾΧˣǲԼͬķ׷Чʱؾʩ˾޴ѹȺں֮ڣתۼ侹Լĳս
ԶС˧ȵ˵ƺ漣Ҫˡ
˧ƵĿתĶս˼˼ֵؿȥ
оܵСŶӸǴѹӰ²ȫǴˡƬĳʶٲǿĻᱻȺڻҰѳһȱڡѸٷıͶ뵽ݵǰԭݺѼ˼ľУֻ迳ܵؾǰŲ˾ܸʱľȺѱջ٣ֻһž䵹
ƫƫʱĵоǰ̵ݺȥеʬѲҲ̶ãپзĹЧʬ壬ּһѶ۵סһֱֵĵֽҰް·ĳǰĵоȥ
ÿһλӶֱۣļ֮һָоͺ͵û֮ĸоһԼҲ֣ΪС²ϬԳΪһͼ꾳͡ҪָһһӶôãǾ㲻ƣҲڣʵĶԼ˵ԼȻоһۡ
ǱܵıѸٵ˼֮ʣǰо˲ûվԭأҡһѶ϶˵ĿԼ󷽵Ļ͡ǻ͵ˣû˻ڻ˵Ǽƻɹһǰˣͻᱻࡣ
ô죿ԼôֹǳȥֹˣԼ뻢ڴ˵оУʱԼ˫ȭѵ֣Ҳһ
Ľݲݶ롣
գ۵ǰݺһӣǰĵо֮󣬽¼þȫſ˫۳ȥ
һˣǴﵽľ롣ȻѹˣԼҲˡоȻŹӱͱĻᣬݾĵоĻӵݿȥ
ݣݵĴ޼ɫһ䣬ʱٴˡ
ûκڴʱӪȵݣҲûκ漣ڴʱһӲĿݵıһɲ˿ڡ
ݴһ˾ֱͦһ̼е񾭡緢Ұһ㣬Ǹӱĵȥſ죬ҧ˵˵ĺ
ʱԱݲҽʱ߳ʮšûã˫ֽعסȻŵҲ޷Ӷֱۡ
һ̣ݵԴӵ˲ÿлҧһŽѪܵѪ⡣ʧȥӵˣϹſ־ʹı鵹ˡ
оþֵĿѪݡת֮ǰϮʱˡǲұ͵ϮǰӣԼҲӲĴҧһ
ǣһͷͷѪһĵطҪĺ
ս˲Ϣ䣬ݽ֮£˶Խ˼ľȺ伸齼ľȺߵʱһȱڡΧ˼ݵ˳˳ҲӵȱꡣɲǼ䣬ȱڴĵоƵս׷ˡȵؾϹʱǰӪĴ󲿷˶ѳˡ
ã˧Ƶ¶˼ɫγ󳤳ǰбڰУȫͻݾ򣬻׽Ӱ
һ£˧ƵرʿѪǳ˳ȥС˧ŵӰ
λ˧ƵεĽвɵ˷ܵĹ⣬˵漣ķˡȺ²Ȼѳ˿ӣǵԲҪһ˳Ľǡ漣漣
ţС˧˵ûȷ󲻵漣˧Ƶӭ˵Ⱥ²˼治ˡ
ҶˣһЩֵĻͺ֡
һСӡǸ򿪵ȱڣǵһȥġ
˼ǣ
ûκ˼Ҽǵ˵Ǹͷˡ˧ƵϸֳѪ΢ЦԦѪǣڣȥҵġ񡯳Ӱζˣ
˧ƵصĿµѪǵ֡ԣС˧׶ĹƳһۣﲻɴ˸
κķض˻ϲ˳סһнͣݸûϲʧܵӰȴǳʡΪ漣ƵÿϷӰضӶˡ


345 ǵԵ
ûκЩ²ɵڻҲӰѳһȱںѪǾѸײڶ֮ƹռ˾
ѪǽһǣһĻĻҾ徵ľ󡣷ȥǲʬ֫Լ಻ġ꣡˻ѽѪǾ׽ʱһѪǾ˵ͺԼԷȾƷһЩ²ڶȴ·ЩѪҧѪԼϵһ֣ǱһѾ޴ǯӸס˵ܡ
ڣѪǾһǣⳡսûʲôˡȻʧȥսǣԵ˵ĵǺ޵ֿ֮Ǿֻɵ׸ˡ
ݴڴڵش˿ڻڲͣѪ޼ɲסͬ飬Լ˺һݵ˿סƺ޼£Ѫܿ콫Ⱦ죬ٵ˳
ݽµѪһµ飬Į˵ݿˡ
޼յ˵æҪͬȥ𣿡
ͬ飿ֻǸղŵȣҿɲΪһֱҺϵ
޼ɫ࣬ǷŭˣȵĿֱ̱޷ݣݵļıǾԱܲ
磬ʳָǰƳһۣ˵ˣ˧Ƶˡ
ݵʮ⣬һѪҫ۶Ŀ׵˻Ϊ˧Ƶءʱ˿̣˧ƵؿµѪУŰʬ塣֮˵ǰߣΪʬֻϰʬҲ㲻ദûˣǱĵʦοգ¶Ѫ˿׹ǡ
˧ƵصĿ겢ˣϣͣ˽ŲЩ¸ҵڻɨһۡ
ǴҵϡԭΪ׼һļ񡣵ڣΪ׼˽Ľҡ˧Ƶؿڵ
ȹȥ΢ЦǽΪЧ
ร˧ƵֻǳڵһۣĵĲٸĿ⣬ǽڴĿͶݡݴһ󣬼ԦѪ߽һЩ˵ʲô֣
أݴʱҡҡ׹ǿûк˧Ƶ˵һ仰͵¡סʹԱš
ݡ
ҼǵһλҲ
˧˵ǼҸ
˧Ƶʵĸף
ԣǼҸ׸սһ̡ݽͦţĵѿһ׵;ʹֱǱҧһڶѣ΢
ǿǸʿС˧Ȼѿڶϸֳ顣
ţǸʿϧΪȻȻһλѵͬšС˧һսȻܺƽ֣ҿǵʱʵǿˡ
С˧ǺȻǾϵ񾳻ͣѩֻһ굤Ͷѡһ£С˧ɫ˵ʵ棬ҺĽֲһս˽˵ľҿ϶Ķ֡Ľ˺ܶ࣬񾳾֪Ҵ۽硣ҸҶԣսǣаٷְٵϣ񾳵ϧ
ʲôݵĸǸ񾳻ͣ£־һǿĻżǵؾѩҪ֪ѩһ굤ͣǹԶֱǵػ񡣵ڣȴ˵Ǹ񾳻ͣ
˵޼ɡҲסˡ֪Լĸ׾Ȼǿ
ǿѾˡ뵽һį
侲ʵɱҸף
С˧һ㶣֪ʵԼҡҡͷϿҵĻش㸸ľ󣬱Ҽġ
˹ڸ׾Ѷһʹһ̣˧ƵؿѪеŵʬ壬һʵ󣬾ͱѪǸ
С˧һۣæǵûС˧ӢʿųСˡ㸸׶סţսڳ⣬ʬˡţҰŵģһ£С˧ֳѪһۣʿڵõĶԴ
С˧һһֱĶŵӡ󲻴ΪĽף
С˧˵û˧ƵԴЦӰųҵĹ񶼲ԸԣֻǺŪ
ԣ²Ǵ˸
˧Ƶػһת˵˵ǵİšţܲһ˻ʣһǧ࣬ѪǾǰӪʷϣǴ漣ۣ˧Ƶضһߵľ˵ÿһöңһס
򸣣˽⡣һöҶĹ㲻ʲôƽ˵һʲСջ
ÿ˵ļֵۺ˼άʽһ˧ƵصĽͺ뵽ĲǽңסڴĦ˧Ƶص⣬ͨһս˧ƵıǵݡսУǵʵȻڻңǴѪǾףѾѪǾеһԱˡ
ǻǰӪС˧֧ݱֵúӢ£Ҿѡָӹ١㲻ʲôɣ˧Ƶص
ҪӢľѡҲѡС˧΢΢һЦ
ӹһ
΢΢üɫ̫õȥ˧Ƶصɽ񰮡εжȫ졣ǰǵʱǵͷ
ݣû뵽ݻƼһͷݡ
ร˧ƵĵƳһۣЦµǵԸ𣿾ôˣ㣬ݣӴ˾ǰӪָӹ٣С˧ǲ
ǡϵģ͵شһʹʱʹȫ˲Ժ˵ЩлĻһͷԵȥ
ݣݣ޼ɽסݣ˧Ƶؽغ˧ݱһ˿ںҪ
Ϊˣǳе¡Ǻ򽻵һľҲֻһΡ˧Ƶת˵ȥоҽɣҽ£ֻɱˣˡС˧߰ɣλָӹǸʿͦġ
Ը챣ӡС˧
˧Ƶظ߼ͣתͷǰɣ
ֱͦˣǣ
ڿʼǰӪĸָӹ١ˣͽλãġҪģһ֧Ӳû䡣
ǣٶֱͦˣָоڽܻʵ۴ѫ¡
ģ˧ƵϸֳһĨЦݣС߶뿪ˡһȺ˼ĺӡ
ռ죬ѪǾ졣ҹ󣬵Ѫ븯ԭĳеĸ
ҪԷѪҲҪʳǰҹҹǵĶﶼѪǾ׽ʬ
ǼƣЩгĲӦǣǻڰҹﱻѡجΣμѪܵĳ棬μѪ˺ҧԼ
׼ȥʱȴ˫ĿԲɣ͡ﴩſ£ⱻССһžδ˵Ҳû˯Ű
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һѺ۾˯ˣֲʣһս˯ôȡ£ò˯ߡ
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̯֣ε˵һͷҾ˯ˡˣսʲôָӹ٣
԰ͷָӹ١
ڰ֣һϲͷָӹٲңݡңֻǸģ˧Ƶؽӹɡ˭Ὣ˼ݻţľͬ衣ԣָӹƺ
ͷֱ˵̫ˣһǵýָӹ٣Ϊָӹһ㣡
ʵѵˣ
յЦʱûУˡֻҪ룬ͱɡ
ʱ˼ҪıɱȻָӹλǾʵ
ͷûʧĻ㲻ôٶ۵ˡ
Ҳò㣬ݾ˴ҡңڽǰƼңȴҪɱˣǺʲôֱ𣿡
ڽǰƼ㣬Ϊ£㣡οҪֹֺǶ֣˵ǲÿ˵õһöǵʮǰЩҶ׳͸ΪƵľҽֻҩʱͷ裬ôҩҩɱ־ͲǣҪھҽʧˡ
˵ˣ˭㡣
ͷֻҪһ仰Ͼȥ졣
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֮ˣΪ޼ɣӶ˽˵оУֹ֡˵ףΪˡʱҾԱߣҿڣȻҪľ֣
һʱԡ
̹Ȼ˵ʵҾ޼˵ûǶͬһϣ˭֪˧ƵضкξģǽֻͣΪ˸õǰˡʱ̣ӦŽԣǲӺݵģ֮ǰжôֻңֻҪǺһͷˣ˼
ͷͷϣġ
ݵȷЩǻۡΪ˻ָǣҲǻ𣿡
ðɺðɣȻͷˣҲֻˡͷ˯ǰȥһ£ʧѪ࣬ǳΣաҿ޼ᣬ뿴ݶĺѽ˰ɣ˵һûкģͻ˶þȡ˵׼ָӹٻġ
Ҳ͵ʲˡ˯ȥɣгǻŵϣͻһ㡣Ըͬ˵ȥͬļ磬ȳȥˡ
ݣϵɫȴĽڲ԰ףݣҲѲ
һϮž򣬷ХıѪǲ̵ҹХԶ


ɽУȻܲʱһϰɫ׵ں˸
Ϳ˧Ƶ׵֮У˶ţһϢӡѾ֪ڲͣս
峯ԵݿһۣͻȻǰˣ
Ϳƭͷȥ
ʱȻ۾ȴڲϵطű仯Ҳڲʱĳ鴤
ڻ
𣿡ͻȻʵ
ͿܿЩƣĻҪһЩ
Ĭ
˧ƵЦڻˣҲˡ죬ܴӻ߳ħϣһħлˣ
ͿҲ˵졣һСһĵأ
ߺߺߣѾûˡ
Ϳ˧Ƶأ˵Сܶᶼת˲ţһԶ͹үԵ֣һҪ˼Ҫ
ɳĬ
ãĵͷ


346 ָӹ
޾ҹƺޱ·޷ҹĻϻһֹĲ񷡣ʱ羲ֹ޼˵ʱÿһôƳԶ
װݣǧҪͦȥ˵õģҪţҪſЩȫ군
޼ҹغߣ֪˵˶ٱͬ˼ĵ档ݻҩιݺˮЯĸŪιԣϸĵľһڸĸµТӡ¶еչˣҲˡ
Ȼ־ģ۾Ҳ޷ȴе޼ɵĵ档һҹݵǱܼ尾һҹݵ˵ȴޱһҹû뵽Լھ˶Ŀʹս֮󣬻ֿܸܵĸ顣
ļֱҪڻ黹Ĵڡ
Ѫֹס˿ҲȾˣѾ񻯲Կơȷ˵Ų˶ˡĺѣǾһ̰ɣҽ޼ɵļվֿĿ˵
ҽˣѵûа취𣿡޼ɻһϣ
ҽҡҡͷˡҼ̫ˣܻǡ
ʲôϣ޼ɶվ
ǵõ͵ľ꣬߷ʳǿߵѪ⣬ſܳ漣Ȼǲܵġ
޼һƨ̱ڵϡ
ˣˡѾĳ棬ҽǲԸ޼ĵӣҴȥ
ҽһȥ޼ͨ˫۶ʱʳᣬ˵ݵϡһ̣ƺȱϾǸոʱĺӡ
޼ɾ˯ȥ
ߴߴ
صھϿգѾɵĳһһȻϢһ˫ָľµ˫ֽ޼ɵԴķڴϣȻָһ㵥ıӡ
ţ˫ֵڷ֫תתӺᲽߵǰ򿪴·ͳʣĸһ߳һ峿ĵһ⡣
˵ʳǿߵѪ⣬ҲǿߵʷĳЩ仯δѲյѪ⡣մˣҳĶݣԺһ뾡һа취Ϊ㱨𡣡
ԼǰϬʣ뵽ʳյѪԼ巢һЩı䣬һЩ
֮ǰĻ˲ԼԼٶȶǿε˿ϣŶΪʳѪԭ򡣡
ƣһμס֣һȻҵһҪԸˣ˧Ƶ㡣ҴѲǻԵɺ֮µõյܲ˵ڤڤ֮еעעҪΪȥǣֻع
͸ӣݵĶʡǴӰµһ˫۾ų޵ĺ⡣ʱݣ˫ֱ˺ɫ
ݣˣͻȻ޼ɵ
ת޼ɱԸмһЦʱ۾ָֻԭĺɫ
ţûˡ
ôܣҽ˵ˣŲ˶ˣҿ޼ɵȻޱȽǣΧתȦ塣
ݱϵ˿ں޼ɾûˣݣ⵽ô£λ𣿡
ڤԸࡣûаյ˵֪ԽԽã˭֪Ϊյ϶鷳һ˯ѣ;Լˡ
޼˫־쳯ݣϵ˵м죡
ȷӦøмүݲ޼ɣ΢ЦҸмģ޼㡣
ң
޼ɣӴԺֵܡݽ޼ɱڻ
޼ҲסݣֱۺܳͬҪࡣģҲΪһ㣬Լиߵ츳
ݴ·óݸ޼һȻϵˮˮƸһмүǵľˣ
޼һڽͽ˵ɱҵֵܣ
ԸҲܸˡˮͬʱĬĬ롣
ݵȬȻǸ漣Կľ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôԿµ˧Ƶؾ͸ʲôֵõĴˡݵһǧԭǷ²ͷǰӪָӹ١
Ȼְָӹ٣ѪǾвûʵʵλ˵ѪǵѪǽѪеһͨСʿҲԺƽƽݲκ£ҲܵõǵءݲںЩֻ棬ֻܻȥΪ۽Ҫʲôֻлţɡ
ݺܿ״ְ̬صĵָӹ٣˧ƵزǲһһĴСսۡ
ܿȥݴʮʮ꣬ȴ˼ı仯ϣҲҲһ۵ĸоˡ⬰ĺɫ̷ĺɫ۾ʵıͶչֳַʩķȣȺԵڲͬ
һǧֻʣٶˣʤ٣ѪΪѪǾʤȻ˧Ƶؼûи٣ҲûиǰӪݣͬǰӪȺ壬ѪǾһЩӰϣԭʤսƷûǰӪķݣڴѾһˡһЩʿҲڰݣ󶼰ķУֺãȫǰݿǷ²
һУݺǰӪѪġ
ݵǻۣ¸ң޼ɵգǰӪ˵ĹͬŬ£ȷ˲ٳɫսۡ
ѪǾ÷ֳǽ
÷ֳԭ۹ĪµĳǳءѪǾĪʮǳءĿǰΪֹĪֻʣ÷ֳǺһΪճǵĳǳء˧Ƶز鵽Ī±˺;ճǣԼ󲿷ֱǰճǣֻʮѪǽǧѪǾ÷ֳǽƺƴӣĪΪǵĿ÷ֳǡ
ǰӪǧѪǾ֮С
ճ÷ֳؾزѪǾĵסεƺȫͬǧѪǾ÷ֳʮصʱͻȻɱķѪǾչͻȻϮ
ĪࡣڣڣֵܲԸĪͬģھͿȥԸ͵˾ս׵ģͳȥЩյѪ¾ƺȣ
һسص֪ӲˡĪ˧Ƶؿ˼ơ
֪֪ܽ⡣Ī´һ֣ͰѪǾնɼʮΣ￪һСսɵĴսѪǾǰܺӦ磬ֻܸΪսʵ
㳲֮ѣҲòȥʱһƬֻжʮˣѸǱƽϰ֮ࡣο£˶־߰ʿ䣬ǳ
ڣʮ˶ǰӪսѣս궼൱Ĭο޼ɡ˶УҲû֮
߹־Ӷ࣬ӴԶ̣һʱĿӳһγɵĴʯ飬޼ңץ׼ʱһ䴩ʯ顣
¡ʱһ죬ѹʯڵоϿ׼ȷıơӶģĹֺͻϣԵоɾ׼ıƹ
һĴ򷢣ֻƵս֮һǰӪһǧ˻ʣٶˣҴ˶ʤ̣ݵǻмϵġҲΪˣǰӪÿ˶ԸݵǺģҲòΪΪ˻ǱҪʤҪʤƺȱݡ
ԵоԶɾ޴вٴʱгɷ󣬿ʼ͵оĽɱⲫʽɱݵķٺãоռƣҲʼ
һսѵ£սѵ£սѵ¡
ۿսһ£оϰҲȫȻݲûпʤϣΪڽȫĵо󷽣ָһԮԮȻˣҲʮٿԼߣֻʮˡ
ɶȥǳᱻǺѪȻǸղڲʱ˴죬Ҳ˵˵Ԯŭš
ݳһۣ۽ǵͻȻ״ȥϸֳ˷ܵЦݣǿ쿴ǲѪǽ𣿡
˳ָȥȷѪǵˣŽ񱼡ģҲȫѪȻղžһսʤߡ

ҲߵɱûϹӪȣͣԭء
ιҪԮ
ˣλˣӪǣ
ʣֵҲһһѪǽûκηӦϷ¶ĮЦݡ
ͷĲǣѪǽѪǱϽ̸
ǲѪǾϵǰӪ𣿿ǸݡЩ²ԭֻǵڻңڲΪƽսƷȥǲҪǴѪǱϸȥȻﰡ
ߣǸëǸݵСһﲻó漣Ǿ£ǿߣĪµذɣǿȥ˧ƵؽϡȵʱĪ£ˡ
˵Īǧˣʱֵʹ죬
߰ɣߣ͵û
̸˴Ű˿ȥ
ģȺ쵰Ȼȣŭȵüë
Ĺ⣬˵ǵıǲˣǽ赶ɱˡû취ˣҪȥֻÿԼֵǣȥƴ˰ɣ
뵽ʲô޼ȥֻ޼ŭ޵Ĺ⡣
ͻȻһޱԹĸоӿݵԺ޼ɵĸоо޼ɵķŭĲֻͬΪǲŭ޼ɵķŭ޾ĳޡ
޼ɣôˣ𣬸ղֵǶȵֻ޼ûг
޼ɻعޱ飬ֻǺе˵һ䣺ǰǰǿܰˡ
ݶʱܵ޸Ļĺޡ
޼ɵļ򣬵ڲ˵ЩʱҪǱ𣬵ñסС
޼ɵͷᶨ˵ɱһѪ·
Ӧɱ
һδƽһݵ˵òƬϢһĵо£ֺ͵ڶоɱһšһΣȻûôˡˣ̱ɱڵожʮ˵ʱ߾ֻʣݡ޼ɣ˵ˡ
ǲҪңֻܱƣסǣɿŵϣ̵оȥ
ϾޣҲߣڿ˺ͱ˿УѪֱ޼ɺҲ޷ΪʱõķʽǶ伸ųԱŵˣݵѹ
ԽսԽ£Ѫ۾ĲӡʣĴȡ
ʱ˿̣֪۾ѪȾ죬˫ı˺ɫ˽ΧһȦһȦͬʱеĵȥʱͻȻһŭ
ɲǼ䣬ǱϵʵǱɫϸĽͻȻΪת˸巢ʲôһȦ˾ȫϳأžֵȥ
ţǱɫһ˭˭ȥ˭Ҳһѽֻǿһϸ΢ĺּ䴩
һһеķ飬޼ɵļĻûȥǾǰĵˡ
⡭ô£޼ܹȥŵµʬ塣


347 ѩ
ҲȵŽµһУѸоǺɫѻһ䡣Ҳ֪иɣ
ҲһиˣǸ˾ǣ
˵ˣѪǽܵķͻȻʵ޼ɣϾΪܰ𣿡
룡Ȼ룡Һ޲ɱǣ޼ɹϵ˵
ãھͱ𣡡
ݣǼǵĶ𣿡
а취ǰҵ˼ȥˡڵоʬԶ£ѵԼףȻϵоףԻڷ޼ɵ˵Ƕǵס˰ɣҲϡ
ҲָԼıӡ
벻뱨ղȵˣʵ
յĲҺҺ޲óǵ⣡׵ı·ղ˵Ǹ岻ġ
ǾͺãǲҪҵж
ûãĸðƻһ֧˵Сɵо棬һַͷһָѪǽܵķ򼱴ҴҵĴҸտѪǾٷ˴Ǳˣȥ׷ǾٻǸŮģͦƯ
Ĩһѿˮôأͣض
о۵糸ĳָķ׷ȥ


ڤڤгͶƵĻǻϵ۵ڵĵо׷ѪǽʱȺѱһɵоΧڼսС׷֮ʱݻ룬ûǣԼȺ˿׷ϵġһжע
˵ˣоæǰȥæһʱҲ˲鹹Ůһ˵ˡݺ޼ɵڻУڼŵĴ
ȻڶоΧѪǽʵƵĻ꾳ͣҿµѪҲľʵħޡ˫ȭѵ֣ǻ굤ͣҲᱻо˺սȻҪĽ
޵ˣԵ޼ɣʵ޼ɣϣǱоҵԼֽ
Ȼֽ޼붼û룬˸ų޵Ĺ⡣
üëĿĶѴﵽˣҪõȥҿɲ
ȻǣƫͷԶһĬѹʯˣ
˵ʹõࡣ
ʵͬʱѹʯںһͷųȥ𣿡
ԥ˵ҲǲԣǻԸģѶӦòţѶȲ󡣡
ҪȫԸݽ͵ѪǽҿƽʱѹʯıըǡҪô֣һֱҪǱ˵
һɢгӣֵ̯Ҿ͵Ѷ˳ȥѡʱǾ޼ɵˡ
εĿ⿴޼ɣֻҪܷųѹʯ޼ɾ㹦һ񡣡
ϣԿˣָӹٸ¡ŷʾ
ʱԡ
̶ú˶ٽ̸ұ˴˲Լͬס˺·һޱʱ䶨磬֮⣬ȴս
ڣȵ˳ֵĻᡣСվֱ壬˫ǰ棬Ȼ¡·ȼһ㣬ĵĻ⣬ͬʱֶֻȼģЩȼյĻеʯ飬·ʯƤһͱƣͻԹƵĴը
һ̣˫ֲʮָǰƽɫþȫʱƤգһµĿţʯ鱻һš
޼ɣˣһǸѹʯʱ߳սϷȥ
һ̣˷·û˺վŵ˰㶢Ƿеʯ顣˵ʼԳһ磬ô˿Ǿ񲻴һȫԪ
ͻȻ䣡
ң׼
޼ûзһ˿ֻ۽ӹһĹ⡣
Ҷֱĳѹʯȥ
ѹʯսѪǽͷ­ֻ˸ߵľʱͻȻһ֧۵糸ͨ͸
䣡
һʱ䣬޴ıս
ָ֮ǰĹʱЩâ̵۾̧ͷһƬߡѹʯ鱬ըʮ״ȫڵĽ
һŻͳ۵ĵоٻվܵƵ廹ЩؿƬ촽ͣزš
ʱԵľ½½һ;ȵ˵ˣ˸֣
Ĺ⣬˵ʯʱҾͿˡѪǾǰӪõĴ򷨣ùѹʯɱơû뵽ǣǻ뵽ıУѹʯ϶Ϊһɽʮϵ˺Ǵǻ۵ȻĿ࡭
ʱλӥ˵ῴĸߵıӰӵֵıԵ
û뵽ҵĻȻôгΪ͵ǱʣǺе
ѹȫԼ˷ܵԴıĵóҲޱȼݵǻۼ޼ɵļɵĽȻҲû
ͷĹʲôʵ벻ʲô
üһᣬ˷ܵ˵Ϊûֹðգûҵķԣǲйעһ
ͷ
˷ܵ۲ݣȴǱ顣ݺ޼˵
ãݲŰִ޼ɼϡΪ޼ᡣ
޼ɣҵֵܡܰĳѱѾըʣˡɱǣΪܰ˳𡣡
ǵģұˡˡ
󣬲ǿĻȻʣ˸ݲ޼ɵʱݲֻǴ޼ɼϵĸо޼ɵȫڷ
룬ڤڤеӦʵڵġͽѵõ˳ͷ޼ɣΪܰĳѱҵĳȥǵĳ𣬻δʼ


ʷʤдҫĹҲֻʤ
˧Ƶһ֤ʵ֪ʱĽӡ
ĪµһսĪµĹƣʵֻǽƾͼƷųնĪ´ʤ̻سʱȴǳضѲѪǾľ졣ȵĪִʱսѰʱ˧ƵȴûӪء
˵Ƿҹһս춯أӪѪǾ͵оɱһţӪ˧Ƶغ;мλֶԿĪԼʢʮӰ
սԿĽ棬ʵԿƴɱ
գߴӰɱӰƴĪ³롣
Īʧȥеĳǳغ;ӣеģֻʣǶĹӰˡ
һ֣̲˶ֵĵ̺;ӣ͢ԥľٰģдȺӷ˧ƵΪ۹һȺ͡ܡƺšˣ˧Ƶˡܺĳ


½ӭ˵һѩѩҪôһ֮ƣʱ½Ⱦһɫ
˧ƵԶ÷ֳǣ͢ûȥҲûȥμӳ͢ΪʤдȺᡣӷΪһȺʹѱʹǧġƤҲھССľٰһᣬĪµսͷǺͳ͢Ӧһ
С˧룬˧Ƶض󣬿һűĵͼɫĳڵס˧Ƶذһܿ۾ԵЩС˧һۣǱ˧ƵսʮĴʱûԡҲûѪϴԵĺͰ
϶ˣӰ쵽ľ硣ֻһˣӦֻʤɱ¾ɱ¾ֻʺҺ;ç򣬲ʺ㡣˧Ƶû̧ͷȻŵͼͬʱ˵
С˧һůвÿ˶˧ƵͰ˵֪˧ƵغܿԼǰԼɽӰһ
ƾ˵С˧˧ƵҲ޶
Ѳܺү׼ãֵǶźү
ߣ˧Ƶ쳣ĮЦһЦ̧ͷС˧ĵСС˧ҲҲܺô
С˧˿˧ƵصĿ⣬ǰһֱ׳˵ᵽ˳͢⣬ǾͲ¶ˡȻ壬С˧Ǹ˿ڡ
ҲסС˧ıԶʤҡ÷ֳһս㿴ĪµĹƣڣûеˡ㾿˵ʲôǰֱ˵ǡ
С˧ڷƵţһɳ죬սʤ⣬ǳ͢ĸɽҲǳ͢ĵһˡڣֺγǳ͢ж
˧Ƶر۾ĬС˧͢㡮ܡźţȥսʤʧܡʵǸñӣȫµ˶㣬Ҫôܣһ˾һͿأʱ»ǳ͢£ѪǾǳ͢ѪǾڽ㡭
˵ȥС˧ͣ٣˧Ƶص
С˧һſˮһһֻǳ͢һ
˧Ƶ˫ͻȻվ
С˧æϥ£ȫٷ
ã˧ƵزŸոյ˿ƽ͵˵û뵽Ҳôġ
С˧ϣ˵˧ƵػƽС˧ͷ˶Խ˵
ǣûôֱ״󵨣˼ࡣ
˵ıˣȻǶˣѵһҵʽʲôҪ֪߸񾡹ص£ʷżʡο߱͢Ӣ
ֻԺҲ׼˵ˣмǣ˧ƵߵС˧ǰ˵
С˧˧ƵߵС˧󣬺С˧Ավţ˵˵ĻҲе֣ǡǡҲ˵Ҳžȡҵʱûǳȴദʱãѵ㻹˽ң
뽫ʾС˧ֵ
˧Ƶ΢΢̧ͷŴ⣬С˧ˣҪ˽۳ҲҪھǷǡˣҲ㣡˧ƵֻһѪǾ죬ȴԶ˧Ƶأ
С˧ٴι¡
Ǻǣ˧Ƶϳ䲻ĸֳЦݣαô鲢ûôءڣ͢кܶҪΪ򣬳͢ĵܶҲÿȥ𡣡
ϣˣ
ĳƺɣٽҽˡȻ͢Ϊ͡ܡƺţԺͽҡܺɣ͢һҪӵģ˵仰ʱ˧ƵĽ£һ䳡Ҳĳءһ仰似ģڳе˶ѪǾߺμܺ
Ⱥ֮У˧ƵͶ޵Ĺ⡣
Ὺʼһеĸ߼ƵƵ˧ƵؾơƹѲȫվɵͳ߳ٵͳĹ̺˧ƵԵľվߺܺлҪ˵
һ̣˶֣ͣ˧Ƶȥ
˧Ƶضţ촽ض˵ȴÿһ˶
ǰӪݣ޼ɡ
˧ƵؽеԼ֣ͷһ˧Ƶػ˵һͻȻסʱһâȺгâӲͬķâ֮Ʊֱ˧Ƶسȥ
Ȼ䣬ȫ··½ʮȣÿ˶ĵĸеһ
ⲻǴѩĵ£Ƿĵ
һ߿־ɫʵĴ

˧ƵأǱĶ


348 ̫ǿ
˧Ƶ˵˲䣬âͬʱȺг˳Ӳͬķ֮Ƴ˧Ƶرֱĳȥֻĺ䣬ҲֻǿͻȻܳĺâȴ֪â˧Ƶص񱼶ˣ
Ѹ͵ٶȣӿƣ˹ϵɱ⣬˵ʵǿļֱ˷ָ
Ȼʵ˸ǿǵҲ˧Ƶһˡжһ̣վ˧ƵҵС˧;۶΢΢һ
˧ƵһʾǲԼ͵ǰͭϺݺһġ
飡
ɲǼ䣬һȵ˧Ƶصӿͭ˿𣬶ǵɨȫɳȥ
һ̣ǵķ·һֻסһҲһҧȭͷԼһʧԳһͷ
˧ƵֻǼ򵥵һ֣˵ѹҪ˸߳ٱ
˧ƵزС˧;۳ֵԭҪչֳԼʵھ
飡
ĵ£Ȼδж³ƬѪɫҰףˣվޱȳ
ʱǲſ壬ͳһİףͷ붼Ƕıʯؼ׵ӡһĪ֣ؼױӡһӰ֡
þǶ룬˧Ƶؽ˴ǵݡ
Īµʮ֣պʮӰȻ˲һѵ߸ʣͺ𣿡
ԣдһ󾪺ÿ˶ͷӶ
û뵽˾ȻʮӰ֮
Ҫ֪ڴ½պʮӰɶ񾳻;ĸ֣ÿһǼϣΪ񾳵Ĵڡ˵ÿһվھ棬ǻǳݵżΪŬܶĿꡣ
ڣ񾳻ͬʱֻ֣һʱͱ˧ƵػʵǷ˼
սȻɱĶ࣬ĸֶԾ̫٣ÿ˶еޱ𺳡ͬʱǶڴ⡢ۣ˧Ƶؾжôһ־Ͱ񾳻ͻѵ
Ҳ׵Ľ񾳻͵ͬʱ֣кˣǵóһۡ
Ӱûк˧Ƶش𻰣ҧԼͬĽƽؿڣȻĬĬţȫڹâѸȫȻûźڹԼٶȾۼһ𣬽纣Х㳯˧Ƶȥ
ͬʱڡХ˵
ɱ˧Ƶأ飡
һ̣һХѹȫÿﶼһоǰ˧ƵԵʵ̫Сˡ
Ȼ˧Ƶ˿ֻǵ˵ʮӰؼħȡֻ͵ͬھĻȻǷ似Ȼ鴫ʮӰϷұضҷ𡣵첻ң˵̫СЩ
Աϣ˶ʱоԭС˧ƵͻȻߴҲƶȻԶԶǹӰ˧Ƶֻؽ˫ȭǰһƣһ޷ݵǰӿȥֵסǵ׺
ʱȺ̲ס̾ǻĶԾ
ս˲Ϣ䣬ǻᷢʲôɽ¾ѷˡ
˧ƵͷͻȻһɫУǵлһ׶ε˧ƵصֵӰͬʱ۵糸ĳ˧Ƶѹȥ
Ħ䣡
һɱУŹɱ⣬·˧Ƶſ̹ĵİޡ
ʱ̣ƾ˭֪˧Ƶһˡ
Ϊ֮£ûκδĿܡο˧ƵרĵֿӰĹ
˧Ƶͷŭƽĺɫһ޴ŭ
𡪡
һ̣˧Ƶȫȼ·ʱճɻҽǸ¶壬ΪƤŨŨĺ⣬Щֺֻһٴο˧Ƶʱ˧Ƶѱһʺɫס
Եúض£ϸ·͹ƽʸз·ħ޵ƤһѪڵǿ쳤Хǿ˧Ƶű߳ڵס
ӰͷͻȻϮײ֮󶼻ΪУ·һ紵һʯ޺ۼ
Ī£Ҫ㣬ҵ
𡪡˧Ƶٴηһ޺𣬶ʱһӰһУȻɳ˧Ƶؽ¡
Žµʧߣ˧ƵϸֳʤߵİԵĪ£Ȼһûʧ㽻֡ҵذΧ£Ӱ˳ȥԭԶɽŻȴȻɱҡӰʹؼħΪľҵעʹһüıĪ£һ͢룬ᡣ㣬˧Ƶº͵ĿһѪǹ񣬽ŵΪʳ
ĪһʮˣȻ˧ƵؽµİܽǴ˫б񲻻˸оһ˿Ǳֻ񣬴ʱȴ𾪺Ͳ졣
Ī¾˧Ƶأ˵û뵽û뵽Ȼ۷ڣԩ治ԩҺʮӰϣҲûûһӢ
Īµ쳤䳡Ͼþûصÿ˵飬˲˸С̾Ϣĩ·Ӣ۵뱯
˧ƵضĿȻǸ߰ޱȣ򵥣Ͷ͢
ֻԼ˧Ƶأˬ㣬ھɱҡ
ֻӢۣʸҴӦ㹻ҳȫ㡣˧ƵĮ˵һ䣬ȻתһץסĪµͷ­
һ̣Ҳ֪˧ƵʲôʽĪ¶ʱһȥ
һͳһĸ־ô򵥵ȥ
䳡һֻǺܶݵƬ̣ȫѻȸÿ˶ݵ˧ƵغĪ¡
֮УսܶһӶ޷
񾳻ͣһ񾳣ôĨɱˡ
ǲǣǵ죬ǵ˧ƵزܺȻ۷ڣٵǿߣ
ζû뵽ǵȻ˸߸ϵĴڡ
ȭͷֱ죬Ŀ˸ղŷһС˧Ƶ׻ӰʱޱȷŭΪ˧Ƶٶ񾳾硣Ҫ˧ƵرǽǷǳѵ顣˧ƵػĪ£չֳԼʵݼҪ
û뵽Լĳ˾ȻǸ۷ڣ
ĪĿ־壡
ϵģѹסԼᶨ
ҲӣһĻŸ룬Ϊڸ֮·ϵĸɽӲжǿжôɺҶҪŸ֮·һֱȥҲҪ죬ҾͰͱƣ
һ̣ŭ⡣
˧ƵػصԭλʱսѱѸٵɾ˧Ƶʲô¶ûһȻĮƽԵıĿϢϢʱÿ˶ҷ䳡ǹ
Һ˵ĳûгã˧Ƶ۾ĿǰӪڵλã˵֮ǰĻ⡣ǰӪݣ޼ɣС
˧Ƶһ˵ʮ֣ȻʮȤ
ʮ˳к˧Ƶسһһɨ˹ȥ˵ǰӪӴа꣬һ˵ڵһˣÿһ˶ġԺ˵ǾӢӢлоʮõҸǴĺˡ
һ£˧ƵƫͷͷڳʳѪȥ˵÷ֳһսѪǽսǵѪ˳Ȼˣҽƣ޴󰭡һѪǽоȱǰǰӪɢӽ顣ѡʮΪʮʸΪеһԱֻǺѴѡԣܳΪͿԼˡ峿ʮ˾ԣʤ˽ýʸѪǽѪǾһȺˣ͢ΪǴͷλģԼ׼ɣ
лܺʮ˧Ƶл
ܺо۵ľٺҪǣǡѹǵķ²
˧ƵصǶǹȥˡѲǷ²ѪǾһӡôȻȻʸ
ɽкܶϵֶŵģүøǣеôķ۵߹ϡ
˭˭ǰӪıǶǿġһ˵һˣһĥ£֤ǵʵȻеֲһ£ǺҲëԼֻʵ㣬ۣҵӦġҼȻѾͲ˵ˡ
۴յ˧Ƶضߣֻü˵ܺҲò㣬ǰӪָӹĶӣҿСӲǵ֮Ǹ˽ɲұ֤᲻ھӱ㣬Ϊױ𡣡
ӷ²ѪǾ˵ĵֻҺû˽һжΪսھд˰꣬ҲӦˡ
ҿöܾСӿֵֹġܺҪǰӪԣݡ
ˣ۸£˧Ƶؿž۵һֻ䣬ҲǾ۽ʣһֻ䡣ǰһսУ˧ƵرΧǾ۴쾫ǰԮ˿һֻ䣬ڻ˧ƵɱΧ˧ƵضԾۣһֱǳء˵С˧˧ƵصĽӰ˵Ļô۾˧Ƶεĸɽ˾ΪһˣҪֻзӣҪ˵𣿡
˧Ƶˡ¡֣֪˧Ƶ涯ŭˣҲٶԡֻǷŭͲȫȫĹϡ
ƫͷȺеݶݺݵصһۡ
ɺϵģһۣһ۾ۣͷµµתš
ʮˣҶϣݣ޼ɡݿȥûʲô£ƺйúú롭ҿǷɣ


÷ֳһɽϵĳǳأĸߣеĸɽסһȺųˡ˵ˣǻ˵ƺԼΪ塱ɽΪɽ÷ֳǵĵһǳ׺Ǹߣ÷ֳǣȥˣûκγΪ÷ֳǵһʷֻ鹹Ĵ˵ΪɽϿĹû˭ץһֻо
峿ϡڸɽԵôĳܣ΢⻹޷͸ڴе˾óʪ䣬һִеĸоɽıһİѩӳ۷ףԭоѵӵĿӶȱˡ
ĸӰɽȥ
ݵһɽʱӭһ紵öͷԽӺ䣬罫ɢؿǰľɫ
ǰ˼ٲͣ½ŲһЩɽµķ羰ʵʲôΪǰããһƬ
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349 еİʦ꣨ϣ
֪⣬ҪأԹ֪ˡֻҪǶúûţܲܽν
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350 еİʦ꣨£
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ܸܵԡεͱڼ绹ݵ¼½ڵݶԣǶֻһССĴۣڶͿϰá̫ľѴﵽǰδеĸ߶ȣûκ
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÷ֳǣѪǾӪأ䳡
ʱ磬ůϵڸ߿գɢ˾ĹâµѪǾкƣȴŽľս
Ĵ̱ҪĻֻС¡룬ıҲδؾͲһ¡ΪҪѪǽѪǾʷԼ۹ĸ߹󲿷ѪǾĽ͵۹߹ٶǴѪǽѡγġ˵ѡδزΪԺ۹Ҫ
ÿﶼһ˳ӣ֪ⳡԵĺ塣
˧Ƶ˫Ƚſ˶ͭۺʱεأվţţôׯ͡һ˵дԵġ
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˧ƵعȻûжʣֻǳС˧һۣȻݵ˵Ȼˣǻʲô԰ɣ
Щʧ̬ĺܺ
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ݻδڶֵĻѾϮһʯɵʯ꣬Ϯȥҫ£ÿһʯ붼ҫ۵İ׹⣬ڳÿ˴˿̶󵽣ʯУȫһϰٸ
˽ţȴȻһ˿վšֻʯ꼴µʱһ͵ضţʱ˸ߵĻҳһǿڱȥ޷ڵѸڻ
ʲô˧ƵȤһЦæѯԵС˧㿴СӾʹʲôã
С˧ҡҡͷĿһҲûսƿشĻ
˧ƵغС˧̸ʱָ֣ص˵ѾˣҪˡ


352 λֵ
ܵ˼裬ͬ˵ްһȻһγݷ𹥻
ѧĻֻл꾳ͲѧĻȴѧˡǴ͵ϣսʤţ
ˣ
˫໭Ȧƾճֲ˫ζżأתһȦ£˳ȥ
һ̣һȵĻɽ֮Ƴݱڶȥ
һΣݲ˿񿴼˿µĻһˣһ
ݵķӦЦ˰ɣ㲻ȥģǻ꾳͵Ļ
֪δ˵꣬ݽ¾ͳһۿɼ硣ƴתݷӣôſ£ӻ˵ĵԾ˹ȥ

˵ӣݵƶգ֮䡣ֻǿһҲˣûиܵԼ
սϵľ˲Ϣ䣬δӦʱָ˵ļջعͷͿݵѱóһͷɫϻ͵سԼ
ȭ
飡ɲǼ䣬һűȥڵһҵˤڼʮԶĵ档
䳡ĸߴ˧Ƶ˳򶨵ˣҲͬܵ˾һͻȻվ
˧Ƶ޵֣
С˧Ҳ룬Ȼ˵ȷǲĻ
˧Ƶ˷ܵ˵ʵС˧ǹȻûпۣĶӲµµ֮
С˧Ҳ͵ͷ
ʱսϣһſڵȥʤʧߵֹͿһʧǰͣ£һֺĳдڱʤҲŷ
һ㣬ҡС˻־յʤֻڹ䣡


գ硣
յůܴůʵΪ÷ֳǣۼ䳡ϵѪǾϡĺ
۶ôȣжôĲҲûȥú顣ΪҪĿת䳡룬һվһſŵˡ
վŵһͷںڵĶ̷飬Ŀʹµˡһɫ¶ƤʷɫԶһ͹ⷢͭˡµһͷ췢ϺףѾƣվȻͷĿݺݵضվǰˡ
ˣǸոռս
ܷ߼ģʤվţʧſš
ܣܣôʧܣݣң㾿ˣʲôϷУôţţʧţȫûнѰǰʵ
ݶӣһֻץס򦣬ƽĿ⿴˵Ұ㵱ѣȴҵʧܣǱѵıӦ
һûʧܣûʧܣ
㻹Ҫս𣿳ڻվ
ݣǰڳǸʤ߸߸ϵģ㶷ҵģ˫ֳڵϣͼվŭȵţڽаʦڴ򲻹㣬Ҫ˶Ҿܰڽ£
ôץסһɣվתȥҵ㡣ӴԺҲѡ
ƺþǱܼͻȻһͷ˵Ķݡ
׼ֻӽᷴһƣ͵Ϯ߳صĴȻǸˣֻǶѣڵѾˡ
ֻûеȵӽһ̣һҲûܻȥһҽС
תȥʹŤԼһʺĿɽ󸫡
󣬿ɽصĶھлĶϳءһ˳Ÿл£һͬʱڵ档ܿģѪɢѲС
ŵѪζܵѪǴȥʳֳչѹ֣ǶѹŸԵû˭µԼѪܹȥ
ʼգ۾δܻعͷҲ֪˭ǿǰѿɽˣǶۡ
һĻ޼ɷŭһǰȥָžۺȵɱڣ
飡۽ɽУݺڵһţʱȫľ˶ͷѪҲ˺Щ˵˵Щʲô
۵Ʊˣ޼ɵҲһǿʵû˵Ȼɱʲô
ߣѪǾвҪųѱݴˣȴųһ͵Ϯ๼Աϣٴνɽ£кݺݵĲ֫ϣٴνʬ
̨ϣ˧ƵغС˧С˧۽غЩСϾٶλ𡣺οܺܺжϡ
ܺ޼æ򲻰ܺϥ£벻ܺΪֻع
˧Ƶ΢ЦʵĿһ̶δ뿪Ҫι˵˵
ǣ޼ɶݺ˾һۣŶ˧Ƶصǰ峿Һݡ
޼ɲŸո˵˸ͷݱ廰ܺҺ޼ɵĹܺ۽ֻˡСûԩˡ
ݡ޼С
СӦҵģ˵ˡͿڵǣ޷Ʒۡ
ɾôˣ
ֻҪţǾлᡣݼᶨĳ޼ɵͷ޼Ŵͷٳ̲ס۵һۣȻð׶
ܺãܺá˧Ƶ΢ЦȻûԩˣǱԽˡ
ѪǽѡΣݺһʣµһݣѡɡ
ס޼ɵĸ첲֣ص˵ܺѡ޼ɡţҲĬĬļҪһԶڻҵĻ飬Ҳ̫
ţǸӡԶԶ˧ƵС˧ļ򣬶ݺ޼ɵС˧רڼļܸԣһ˲ܹ⿿츳ԷüӱŬ
ԣæ޼һţ޼Ȼûݴϻۣ˼άҲݣæذллܺΣ
žžžС˧ͷƣӭѪǽλֵܣ
䳡ϣ쳹ҵ


ҹһ١
̫ͬÿճ
ҹ˧ƵذݽеԼУ˵һε档
ʼգݵ嶼ڲšΪ˧ƵصѹΪη壬ĳоվǰְѳֲסĳ嶯
嶯Ͼֻǳ嶯ݵܽѹĲȴһһ붼ûֹͣ
ճŵݰľ˧Ƶ˵һ顣Ȼʡ˾ɫԼɽ°ͿΪʦڡֻ£о˧ƵѾᵽģһ˧ƵҲ²͸ġ
˧ƵҲûдɰ׷ʵףӸλȻһЩЩʲĶþͲҪˣΪȥҲǼٻԼ顣
ݽҪ뿪ʱ˧ƵؽסͻȻʵݣǲǾ±


353 ͷ
Ӫһš
ãݲŻתͷǡ
ֲáʱһֱΪ硣
ԣƽЩ׼ٴȥʱ˧ƵͻȻðһ䣬ôãһҲ±أ㷢ǲԭ򣿡
ݶʱȫһ亹ƽԭҲұ˲֪ġΪֻ֪ͲܺһҾԼҪϢ
˧ƵضݿƬ̣Ȼɫһ䣬Ц£ϰ߾ͺˡ͵ʱҲֻһССľ١Ȼ־ߣ첻µز£ٵټҲŵ򡣡
û뵽ƽʱµĲܺȻðôһϯһʱ֪ˡ
˧Ƶվƽݣ㸸ǵĽһ̣Ҳͬһ㱣ļ԰ȻˣɾӢ۵
˧ƵתǰڽĴظŵУͬʱϣܶ˶ΪӢۡ󲿷ֻ־ȴûӦʵһģɾӢۣͬ㸸סģҲ̲һӢ۵ҪΪӢֻۣвиŬʵһС
׵ִ˧Ƶ˵ݵ鼫ΪӡʱվǰԼɱˣǳƵףͻȻ˾׺ʦһԼ׻׻̻塣
ʱ˧ƵأǸײѪĽʴȺƵĺү
ʹ˦˦Դ˦ߣ˧Ƶؾǰֻõͷҧ﷢ģ˧ƵأҲᱻԻڸĵ·ϣиɽļѣʳջֻп˷ѣսɱ
ǣҶ񲻰̻ܺ壡̧ͷ̹˵
ϵģһ̣ݵ岻ٲҲޱ峺
˧Ƶصͷ΢Цܺãʧ
ߺ󣬴ӷһ߳һӣʳָڱ£ͷСһ˼ģ
С˧
٣͸ż٣Ҳ͸档
ѣʹ׶εԡ
С˧˧Ƶ΢΢һүǫ顣ҵ˼ǣĿ϶Ǿۣ֪㲻Ϊͷۣʵܿĳõ󲻵ջֻ˵
š˧ƵصͷʱÿһӶг޷˵гΪǿߵʸ𣿡
ѽС˧΢Цţ¶һ˿ǵʱȥˣЩʱҪڣͣ񾳣ٳٲܽΪ񾳡
˧ƵҡҡͷȻС˧ҲᣬʮͷѡҲͲųΪ񾳣Աġţδ½սǿУһϯλ
С˧˧Ƶ΢΢ٲ˲ܺϯλ
ǵȻ˧Ƶ˵ǿŶʱȾС˧һʱҲѪڡɹǳ¡
սǾ쵼ߵͳӵʵ
ԣ˧ƵС˧ļ򣬵˵ǲܷŹκһ˲šСҪعע˵׼պ죬ܷӳؼԵá
С˧ͷһ󣬲ŵǲܺӣүһţӽ֡
˧Ƶ΢Цţʮ˵ӾӣԶ˵УӱƻҲֻеһŴӣ޷֡
С˧˵Ϊܺ˸Ĺâںҹôһš
ںҹ﷢Ź⡣


ܲ
˧ƵغС˧ڷĻĵʱѾصԼķ䡣ԭǰӪָӹ٣ѪǾռ÷ֳǺӵһķ䡣ѪǽһԱˣĴǲڻ¡
ݽŽûб޼ɣΪѪǽӣ˧Ƶص֧Էٰһ磬Թλֵܡĳ棬ĻľǺ£ϵĺóϣҲЩԳٶ۵ľǽԷйֵĺûᡣݲμˣ֮ĽĿݱ˧Ƶؽȥ˧Ƶݱֱӻؼˡ
ĿȻܾʣϲľˮʳŮˡԴҪ˧Ƶرԣϰá̫ľ󣬱ֶץʱԼʵѹϡ
ڸʱҸ뿪պʱ˧ƵصټøᡣţҲҪڷŬܳɹڱ˷ֵʱȴҪץʱ
ŬֲԸĹؼҲֻ֣иļʻ
ªľ崲ϣڴһڳ³ͬʱ۾ĺͱ÷ǳƽˡ
Ƭ̣ݵƤϷһ󵭻ɫ΢⡣âܵڵŵƵķ۸޷ýˣݱһ㱡С
ģһŨĻɫâƾճü䣬˳˶ͷڶͷתȦɢջ˵״ǹƤ
ʱ򣬡̫ľֺͼεʽݵľֳͿݵİ֮
׻ƿܣ׻𣬻Ϊ׻ȫΪ׻ܣһӴؽԷ١
һµĻŬһҪաݶ˶
ʱѾһȫҵľ磬۶ô޷ŵ
ҹδ롣


ѪǾ
˼壬ҪӵѪǲѪǾ֡
ôѪǾҲֻѪǽ
ѪǽѪȡɭϣ͸һѪζֻһᵽͻøεѣЩۼѪǾǵĸǽȫð亹ɪɪ
ѪǽΪӪʮС顣ûʱͨСΪλÿС鳤ͷûжԱɱȨ⣬Աκ¡
ݣֵʮ飬˵һͷǸŮġ޼λͬ˵
һ飬΢۾˵һָָȥ
ҵѣסĸ첲ʵԷ룬һŮָֻܲȱһΪǵ˾Ҫ
̯˫֣ε˵ϣʵˣֻǶָֻŶѡ˸֮˶ܶ
϶˶ѣǿ׳ؼе˶ǣǵŮ˾ǸʳˣҲƭСС
ѣһұܴ̫ˡ޼ɣڵݺǰ治һˣͷ˵
΢΢һЦʵġȻӿŲǰȥˡ
㡭ȴû취ֻץס޼ɱԹͣ
޼ֻðοװͷǵȥһλͷˡһֻ֮һͷˡҪǵλͷͷǵĽֿ϶ϲ硣
ǵǵģ˵úܶԣҪһλͷѪǽˣĽǰСආˡƺһҹûӦµݡ
ϾΪݵתı仯̫ˡ


354 ˾
ᣬΪûеİͰֱ޼ϣЩԭ£ͽݵֻġȻ˱ҲŶϿ׷ķ˿һʱ䣬ǰδ׷밮СƳ硭еһѱҫ
֮ǰΪǰӪָӹʽαǰʵ̫ˡŻУòʵ
ûã˽ʮӪأǼͷĵطȻһСֻʮԱССӪȴϰţźšǲҪźĳԺ˯רҵħ޻֪ʶԱչѪǵĳԺ˯źһҲֻҪһˣһͷѪΧȴʮæͣ
ǣҪźѪǴүģû׼һڰ㵱緹Ҳ˵
˽ͷϴ󱨵ҲϴȡǵһһͷѪǡ
൱ڻ꾳Ѫǣ
Ӫغ󣬽ӴǵһԼĪʮˡ˸ͷߣһİɫף׵ıһεĿһ״İ鳾ͲСסݵ˵Ĳװ磬һͷںڵͷȴѩ׵ĳĹ쾰
٣˧Сݣ޼ɰɣȻˣ¶ųͷҪˡͷ׺˿ȥ飬ſ˫ۺһһӵݵ˸á
ȷǣٴˡͬ˵
ҿɲǳ١ҽпҶҽϿ£ԺҲҰɣ˲ϿɲС
΢ЦҺеسƺ
Ǿ̫òˣԺǾͶʮĳԱˡڣϼһȥǵͷɣ
Ͽ´ݵ˾ƹһķӣһۼ˽϶˵Ժǰͣ¡ͷѪǴʱԺǻΧǴתϴǵëιʳһЩչ˵ĹԺ׵ˣΧһŮΧŮ˵Щʲô
Ů˵ûףһĳۣȺиĿ
Ͽ³ŮŬŬ죬˵Ǿͷʮ鳤塣
ݳ޼ɺʹ˸ɫ˱СԺȥ
ѪǽʮԱ
ݣ
޼ɣ

鳤
ԣԺ˶Ŀ˹ֻĿ֮авͬ鳤Ҳ˵̧ͷϸϸĳ˴һòӦһš
ϿµȽҪԵĮĶࡣ򵥵ӦЩΣһʱ֪˵Щʲôˡ
岢ûôﲻܣǴȺ߳ߵǰüͷҿıԣݡ
΢΢ͷ˵ҵʱ鳤Ĺע
ýˣݲһʮŮӣҲҪݴꡣ߸ߵıǳǳ촽ͨһۿȥͻȻĶˣüͷȴҲĸо
ǱӰסĲӴһ÷״ĺɫӡǣӦǸ̥ǡ
оĿ⣬Ҳٽһϸ㬵ջĿ⡣
Į˵ܺãܺá
ܺá˵һԺо䣬֪λŮ˾Щʲô
յͽܲǱɱҲĪĹϵҵû뵽һͽܣȴһӺͽܵ
ͽܣȻԺţԺͻȻһףæ
ûǽ֡ĵ˵ܾ۽Уܺʶãôʦͽһû뵽ȴڱԳϣֱ˷ҵʱѪ
ԣݻȻԴٵתţʱͨΪζԼĮе⡣Լ˵Ǻ죬Ͼʦͽһͽܱˣ˵飬Ҳǹȥġ
²⣬岻ʦпǾ۵šȻ˧ƵѪǾͷͬС˧ЩڵͷĽǣҲжԼ⿿£ġڹٳҪվӣھͬҲָ˧ƵһغˣС˧;˧λõʱ򣬿ľ˭ھеŸˡ
ݵĲ²󻹺ãǲˣԺûӹˡ
˭˶ûϵƫƫǾǱߵġȻûк;۹ս˶ѾкͺõĿˡ֪ԼλҲмţ۾İʯζѹ
Լֵ£Ĵѹ
Ǿ۵ıҲ˵
룬ҲòʵҺ˽˶ԹûҪɱϾҺһ߳ķ²Ҹеͬ顣
ô˵ڹƽıϣȷȷʵʵսʤ˸⣬˵
ݸԼĲ²⣬ڸͷͺ˾֣Ͼں;Ÿǵɱ鳤ǰЩСϷͲ׳ˡ
αôǫ飿ݲ𣿽ʹȫ鳤ú˽ʵȻҲΪԺܸõĺ
鳤֪ˮ꾳ͣҪľ꾳ˡĻĶ֣
˵ôݡھѳΪ漣Ĵˡǿܷ漣սʤңұ򲻰ְܺʮ鳤ҲķڷΪͽܣСʦ
û뵽˵Ļæֿ֣˵鳤ˡûһ˼鳤Ҳķڷģ
ߣٲӭսҿɾͲˣ˵㣬Ǿȡ
ԱϣҲӦһӣʱһŻҸһһֱĻͳݳ˹ȥΧ˵ӳķ졣
ݽп಻ôҪ򣡡


ͬǻͣ壬ܵѹȫεġڵݶԣȫûκѹһ֣ݵͷ·ʱһ˫ָסһһַԱܵѹȸС
ʵֶ޷Ҳ޷ƣͻᱻĺɱ
㹻˵粻ͬĻͣ྿жô
һݾ͸ܵɽѹ
£ѲںʱݵӦԣǵһӦʹʮȻǱĳյĶ
ֱһԵ޼ɺʿˮλͷ׺ϿҲɫţΪݵǡ
һУ֪ǲȫԸᶪǸѪ뱩ĵطԼ汻ɱˣҲԼˣںͳٵдбɱǳٻǸŮˣǾû˻ΪԼ˵
ͨ㣬ԹΪأʼ
ͬʱƮݵ˼˫ǰظڸһԲε壬ƫƫڡɾһ̣Ǳ帧λýһŻ磬Ѹȼգ𽥻ûһСģ
ɻ仯ɵСΩΩФĸ¿񶯳СźϺϣ类
񣡡
һ̣˫ۻһţ˫ȥǻͱֱĳݷȥڷй


355 ɷ
һԭԹΪصݶʱֱñڻĽ£еľֻˣĻлȥ塣ƫƫһ㣬һĻͷųȥûĿɢˣǶ׷ᣬҪ̽
ݼҪץ񣬽²ϵʹĲ̫Ḻ̌ڻ֮ĻٵšȻ̫Ľ̵ıڷؾĵԽ죬ѭָҲԽ죬ǻָٶȸϲٶȣοݵҲڷʧһ͸֧ǻٶҲûá
ŶԡУԼڻѭָʹõʹУҿ϶ǽûУǾһԼġܸһڵĻҲ١
ⲻսĻһĺð취
ڣСϵĻҲϾΪûƽ𾳽磬Ȼʹѧˡٻ񡱣ʹú󾢲㣬޷ӳ
һݵѹҪСܶˡղŵĽһЩ⣬Ҳʵ˽˸š֪Ҫսʤ壬ǵԹΪء
֪֪֮ԼǳĻۺħֱС׼סôΨһսʤϣľ룬صϮ
㣬ݲԼȥͻȻϮͬһֻ˶ʨ͵سȥ
ڻԾȭ
ʹĻܵһֻԾͷ׵ľ롣뻹ǲ룬ѵĳʱ뵽͹ϵԥʹȭʱһɫĻͷݵȭϱŷҧȥ
κλ־£һսʿȭǵصʧɫûУǴݣ侲йĵĮ
˲ƶ
һ̣ҲûκζݵĻȭͺȻ£䵽ڵλá
ȻȴˣȭտҲ
ƶʱĲӰû
ȭأá˲ƶߵ岢ûԶû˲Ƶ󣬺ݺݵظһţһࡣ
һóѣûͣԭأǲͣ˲ƣΧݴתһʱжϳλá
ݣҪսʤңڵ㻹С
ڿвţһʱӰΧݴתֻÿӰ촽ڶüԡ
㲻ƴҲƴˡҾħȺúô㣬֪ѪǽɲôýġеÿһԱǴ½ľӢ
žž
廰δݵĺԺؿֱַһȡ˭Ҳû뵽˵ľӡͶûȴһŸɡ
κݵٺãҲ첻˲ơڵҲ߱ܿӰתۼ䣬Ѱʮˡ
ֲ᲻أƫƫôúõÿһȥݶ۵޷һʱվȴֹɲˡΪ鳤Ǹĥ˵ĸ֡
УȥҷǱɡҵ취취˫ȭҧѹʹ˼š
սƴĲȫǻۡԺͿĽ̵ݵԴٵתš
ڣԺһһ˿
׻ƿܣͨ׻𣬻Ϊ׻ȫΪ׻ܣһӴؽԷ١
һϲԼĶսͨպܿסûô⡰׻ƿܡͨôƫƫʤΪԼʤɣħȽôҪݡҵˡ
Ҳϵ뵽ݻôһ֡ʱһȻݵ׻ƿܷϣԷ١
ö⣬ݻűʤģʼڲʩչ׻ƿܡ
ͬʱȵݣٸһȣһȲΪģΪħ˫޵ţкܶ࣬ΪԼԶܴ漣һȴ꣬ҲˣҲûǲĶ𡣡
ʱһصôȥݵġ׻ƿܡۿҲҪʩչɹʮգħԼ֮ǰá׻ƿܡ͡һ׻ƷԷ٣ȫˣ׻Ϊҽ
ɴʱȫŽȴͣԥǹϵֹͣʩ
һͻȻ侲ࡣֻд裬岢ûͼɱҲҪɱ
οУǾһûѣҲճ
ȻˣβӮһΣһգȴס֣СʵӶɾ裬ôѡ
飡
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ʱеݣǸǱʧߡֻԼʵѾʤˡ
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һ̣ݵĿ̡ı仯塢ϿԼ˵ڴ漣ļһ˶ԸѪǵİ취ڴſӦԡ
ݾվԭأͷѪǳ֮ƻԼƽÿһӾĵľ޴ѹ¶ģ˫ȭʹΣȻѪԼǰһ룬ʹͨڻԾͬȥʯӣ޼ɺڵǿԾ𣬲쵰Ųһ㣬λã

ͷ˿նײһѪǣͬһϵһϵļⲻͣĲһ
ڣһŭţѪǽӳɺͳҹ


ͮͮĶ˸һϰɫ׵硣׵Ȼҵţ޺ֻǹһСΧĽ磬γһ͸׵Ĥ㣬ûмΣԵ׵ӸĤϷȥˡ
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ת˲䣬˧Ƶϳĺɫ֦ͬһаĴֽͿסͿȫİɫʱʧɫܱߵ׵粻ͣը졣
δսüͷͿʱɫѱ쳣ѿ
ʱľԼѱһÿÖ͙^ΧסЩ֯һӾܵЩ֦ѽסûйâڵȫǺڰңңĿУһַ·ɲ֪ĺڰɵĴ֡
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Ϳҡҡͷƽ˵벻ʮȥ㻹˳߷塣
˧Ƶ֮ˣ˭վ߷忴һɽµķ羰
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˧ƵأڵħڵһǿУҲķ⡣ȻˣҾӡɣ
ͿƤȻ籡Ĥ·Ƥһ׹ҪƤ͸Ǳס˫ȭ͵ǰһ̽ʹ˻˧Ƶصؿڡ
ɲǼ䣬׵â·Ҫһ㡣غԵ巢Աܵס۾·ֻҪ׵磬۾ͻƵġ

˧Ƶزҽһȫÿһ׵͡Ϳ׵˫ȭؿڣŲͣ׵ؿȻ˧ƵвͣķҽУǺڶ۾оȻҲ˸׵Ĺ
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Ҹףһֻͷһָֻ˧Ƶش󺰵Ըϵάսʤ˧ƵصĿ־塣
˧֣һݵͷݣڲҲԣһһʱ䡣Ҫ㣬ӴԺһúô㡣ﲻˣһᲹ
ȻͷͻȻʵɸͳԭ򣿡


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ҪΪǿߣ˧ƵܰңҾҪĽݾΪǿߣΪǿߣһҪΪǿߣ
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ݵľǰѻָʱһǰ磬Ժ˼ǺЩ֣Ϊϣһڴ·
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ŻȺʪ󣬵ʡ
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ڳɾͱ굤һ̣ݵĻ굤͸ռϣһɼ͵ǳŮ֮£ܵĴ̼ʱѡȻڻû֪ܵķӦҲܲ˼Ҵ̼ķӦ岻ܿƵγɾ޴ļƺ֮䣬Ҳʪˮ¶˴˵ĳ
ͻȻѣĲѣæ´ݵɵվŷ֣Լ˫ǳģǸӵ޵ݣæѰ֮ǰڽűߵĶ̿㡣
ѲǵǸӦɶۺ˿ʱСƨˡ˺ܶ顣ûоŮ֮£ҲѾ˽⡣ʱԼ棬ʱ׷ʲôֻΪʲôҪԼ顣
壬ǣݴؿ壬ɬĴ·ûнĿŲ
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รԡӦ÷Ӳǡ
ǣԼˣǷ޲°ɣԼбҪӦһĿȴûŲ˵ƫԴˡ
תȥæ·ֻǰ׻ƨֱݿˡգȴûʲô취
үҾ֪һѹġ
ԣæվŰĿŲΪͿ
ǲ׵׵ڼȵķƽ׵绯ΪޣϰɫĹâʧ
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ݶʱʧɫΪԵǸˣһµͿ
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ֱ仯ݴһͬϢ첻ˣ
ͿȴݵĽ޶ãοЦ̫ˣ㲻Ƴƻһӻеõ򣬳ɾ˱굤


361 ͽᣬʦĻҡ
ͿĻ˫ԲĹĵĵʱ굤ҳɾͱ굤ˣ
ʱǰһЩܣеĻ굤˸ռ䣬ѵǳɾͱ굤
ô˵ĻԼı굤Ǹռ䣿
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Ϳƺûݸ壬Ȼͱ굤˵֪ţҲ֪ʲôȷȷʵɾʹ굤û죬ڳɾС굤ûкþãһԼȻôͳɾͱ굤ˡʵʵϣڻ굤УӴ굤굤ѵһҲɵһ
ͿѾΪڶ˵һʱȴ´ÿһÿһ䶼μС
С굤굤ҪΪӲԵĽʵʵû굤׳㹻ܳɾʹ굤굤굤Ҫһ򣬶Ի򣬶Ի򣬸ҪǶҶԱĵʲôңʲôԼıģʲôԼŻɾͱ굤ҪԼ첻ҲҪ֪ΪԼע
ԣС굤굤ҪʱȽȶ굤굤ʱȴгж̡꣬ҴӴ굤굤ʮʱ䡣˵ڻʼĹλС壬ֻһʱ䡣ȻСڴ굤˻ռģߣҪһĹ̲ܳɾͱ굤ΪԱĵĸҪѹٱǧ򱶡ˣڳɾʹ굤ʹֹһҲ޷굤
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ͿȻ΢ЦǵġҺңҲҡ
仰ѾȷǰϷӺԼʦʦ״ķŭɾͱ굤ţǰƣģǿҵش̼ݵĸ񾭡
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֮ǰмȴҪ͹ү˵ס
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ݸ飬ȶǷݸ֮黹ҪŨҰٱ
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ʱ˿̣Ϳܵݵů¶һ˿ο
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ݲĳȥû뵽Լ¾ȻΪ˾Լ
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Į֮ϣƯžŽɫķСķĳֹɻתͷųĽââǻһصһ֦ھŷ֮ϣŹâ˸֦ʱʱСߺ͡
ڸϵĵ˽зһӣ֦ʱٱͻȻһ֧ھŷддڶһŷһ㡣
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Ԫʦͷһ㵹ҪʦúѧϰʹġһֱԼĲ֮ΪҪǰͷܾǲĲ׼ȷ
ΣԪʦʮЦ޷ˡ
˳æǰʵʦħڿɽ֮ˣ
ԪʦЦħھһȺ֫ͷԼ򵥵ˡŪôһɽţȻѾƤӵ¿һΣǻʲô㲻οǻв֮￴ҲԻҵ۾
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ԪʦؿʦֶЩ壬ԴȻҲᱻѡΪڶӰˡ
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˳ʱʦļΪϿҵصͷ˵ʦǵȫ
Ԫʦ˵С˧ˣЩͷԵġ
һδʦС˧֣˳ԵЩܣҵúúһˡ
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ԱϣԪʦǰһӷһƽɫӷǰƮԶʯϡ
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ӹһȵľ⣬пܽӴԴĻǾͶ㱦Ϊҷãض͡
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粻ֹ


363 һΰɣ
壬Ǹˡ
ôˣ
ԺȻĸԸҲѧұڿñȻǿң㲻ԼֶΡ

ԼǺܲġһԵģûᵽǸʲôζǿҵĵһΣ
ѵҵĵһΣ
ǲƽĵطˡĵһȫᵽˣȴڻС㻹˵㲻ǻˣ

ĶԻݺһֱڽšΪݵĵ٩ЦǴΡɬ˳һԭѺܱĸĤѱͱơվ˱ǻ빲Ļ飬ǻǰɱɱǾ޷ͬ
ο˷ĹϵȻûᵽȴеᵽָоָоݵĿȻ췭ظı仯۹ȥۻĳޣݶѾΪˣĵһˡ
ںܶŮ˶ԣϣԼһҲԼһˣȻΪԼ̸ǰ飬Ǹȥԡ
Ϳȥݺܱʹվǰʱһֱʹĵףͬǹǻڸռһ
˵ûͿѾǵ·ܳǰ·δ֪ܴܲ߳ȥǸ⡣
磬һӰûĵطʯɫʰ쵵ĶżֵӰӴ󣬵ûʲôǷĶԴį־Ļᶼ˺ܶࡣ
õһ٩Լ֪Լ˵㱣ֳĬٺ˵
ͻȻͣɫš
峯ûзʲô쳣ʵôˣ
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ɵʲô
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ݲһԼٶץסĽţȻ˳ŻȥƵø첲סĲӽס
С굤СڿǱ굤ˣòҪôรһɣʵ͡صײ̵ͦβʱݵײһааһЦǰһͦ
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ݽɿˬʵĴЦҴû˵ԼǺ˰
û뵽ݾȻһ棬ҺûٸһȻ֮͡ǰڶΪƳƣƣԼһǿҵԸôͬˡ˶ѵ״̬ſտĶУѵø⡭ֱˣ
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ݲ֪ʱִ˹ָʵôֺˣ֪ˣһڻԲԣ֪Щ¶ģ
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ıӰЦͦãʵһܿɰġ
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ݣ
ͻȻüΪ棬֪岻ǸڿЦˣ϶ǿʲô˵£æܹȥ
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˵Ҳ㲻ʲôǳ˵һĻϾڽħɽǰĴսһʱҲʬҰ
ֻʱ￴˺˵ʬ壬Ǿֻ˵һ⣬﷢ս
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һѪʬǰͣ£ָ˵ʬϵѪҺüѪʣǸûá
Ҳ˹ȥЩʬϴǵװǳ͢ľˡɵˣ˽Ҳħ涷
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룬漴һ㶣һֲҿ϶˵˼ǣԴħɽ棿
ݵͷпܡ
ݳǰȥǰһƳͨ󣬱ǸΪĶħ·ԹһЩɱҲδҵȷ·
ɱңǷʲôǰߣ
šͷһݷĹϵΪݵŮˣǱʶѾݵԼˡʱ̣ȻҪϰ˷ʩǰԼʩĶԼ
˼ӿ첽ǰȥڽʱʶץס֡尵һ˻ռԼˣҲû÷ݽץסԼָоЩůů֮У͸һɰȫС
ʵ嵹ԩˡʱ˿̣Ļ˼Цռˡץס֣ݵıܷӦϾխҹ߱ȽϰȻܿǰȴ¡ץס֣ݾԼΪӦ¡Ůˣ˵ְڽããĮʱݲҲһֱץ
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Ϊ˾Ҹ硣
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ԭˡҾ˵ҲˣǱ굤
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΢΢һ㶣ΪӱƵпǿҵš
ţܹװġ
Ŷʱ䣬ƾı仯˴ģ


364 Ҫ
Ӱתʯںʯ֮˸ڱƵϷɫĹ󡣱ƽûףһɫһϥǵɫȿ㣬Ͷͷ϶԰һɫ˿ԭȲڴذ״˿̱ϵڱһսװ
ȻûףǱûԾеݽĮȻûоиҪ˽Ҫ
û뵽ڱԼܺ˿ٶȻָ֮ǰľòݾȵǣ˿վԼǰȻֵܱšҪ֪Լ°ܽ
֮ˣֺͨԼĶһĨη塣ĨηΪеӰ֮ɢٴʱҪţӰ쵽սη壬һţʵټ
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ΪͻȻ֣Լľ磬ԱƵġӰʮֱꡱ͸оǰΪͬˡЩʮֱٶȲûбǰһЩǰǵٶȴţһж켣Ҳǰݵʶ·Щʮֱڽ
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ݱսǰվ˲䣬ɵĶһһʮֱ꣬ڱƽʹӰ͵Ϯذ״̹ʱݵӰͻȻʧ
һ̣Ƴԭλϣذ״˸գȴеԼıһʹ

ʹݵָ
Ѿˡ
Լ˵Ļƶʱʧɫʹæ롣
Ҳû׷ϣŰѱƴܡ
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飡
ݵĻǸɳɵĺɫԲʱ
ɢֳһ˸ߵʮֱꡣʮֱĶˣһӰ
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ǡѵ΢΢ü
ݵɫжʱԺ˵µûڵңǱ굤ˣ
˫ָЦû뵽ɣǴҴңûĥҵģҶսµ򣬴ӶԼĲ㣬¿Լ񾳽粻֪һµĸ߶ȣɾ˱굤⸣УҲû뵽һܣȻͻ˾磡ֱҲ
ƺԺܵ⣬һְ˵
΢ͷעűƣƽȰ˵˵⸣Уǰøô֪β򸣶أ
ҡҡͷ굤ڵ޷ľ硣ֻҪʹ굤ʮ㣬ҲҵĶ֡
΢΢һЦҵԡ
Ӳ
˵һ䣬ȻʮֱԾʮֱʱСɵС
ݣг˳̰һһٵ˵طܺãɣ


365 ȸҪ
ţطȷڵصףʺᡣ
ûĿ⻷ܣһ·͵ӡְӵ̬ȣһַζҪըĸоԽˣڷŭµ˷ܸоԽǿҡ
°ܽûѾɾͱ굤ˡԽ񣬴ͻԽѿҾͻԽ²̨ţȴû˵һ仰ֱӽСʮֱͶȥݷ
Ӱʵ
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âͬʱеʮֱ궼紵㳯ݷȥ
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ƵţݶݺݵصһۣӲ
ԱϣΪǴһг׽ݴܣĻķڷ
ȻݵɫҲʼգûʹɱƵΧŰڱּǿ˽ȣ͵ĸо޴ѹÿһ˿һƵĻѲǵĻʵʵʮֱꡣÿһʮֱ꣬ȴֶ̺ǿİӰ֮ʮֱ밵Ӱ֮صʵϣ·Ҫ˺÷顣
𽥱仯ı飬Ʊصһ
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ֱָץһ٣һաơڣֳȻգھ̺ˮķݡ
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ͷŵЩȻڳݷȥݽϽλñ㷢˱仯ЩʮֱͰӰ֮ЩεҲʧȥԭӦеǿ󣬷·һǿѹһּѹĸоԽԽǿң·ǴݵλÿʼȻԼٶȳƵķӹȥ
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ҪһнпܡһҪ㣬ҲҴˣΪ׼ķڣҲ֪
г˾ֹ͢ǰɱģ£Ϊʲôǹүÿһ£ڰѵ馵ô
ҵó壬ÿһ£ĿĶΪ˰ֹ͢ǰΪҪɱҸ磬ҲܿŸ类ɱҪֹɱģΪҪɱңҲòʵ˵ʵãڹؼʱ̳ɾʹ굤ľͲģˡ⣬µʵҲûҵȷѾ
ƵЩãȻ֮ǰĳ壬Ϊݺûʲôϵݳ˵ԼѾ
ͻȻԼɵӡжôɵѾ˵ɵˡ
ݵ߼ֻ˳Լ˼ͺʵ馾ʲôôȻĶӶȥΪ
ݵˣֻǸûҸղ˵ʲô˵һ飬ֹ͢ǰɱģ㶼ΪΪԼҼҲΪʲôôͬҽҲΪʲôôץġ
ƵȻ㲻Ϊ˺ôվǱߣҲ
ƶ˵ΪҾ
Ƶĸף
ݵǱҵĸ磡
ȸҪ
ȻҪݹϵĻشҵһӵĸ硣ҴδԼʲô֮顣
ƿЦ֪Ϊ޿κΣ޻˵
ݶ£ַڱƵıȻһֻϻȥס˱Ƶĺ󾱣֪Ѿˣҿˡ
Ʋ۾


366 ôã
ûйϵ֣Եؿűơ޼ɶɱ֮ˣҲѧʣҪɱЩ⡣ȻûֱӵѪԵϵƺôĽ㡣
Ĵ֮ҲûֱӰɱʯ˵֮֮ĵϾ֪ĸ硣ɱɱ㣬Խݵĵµߡ
Խʱ˼ԱԽһĥ
ȫŵ۽ǾȻһᡣ
֪ƲǺ£ǲᡣ
ȻǱҴС㣬ҲֻĺСʵҲŲʮꡣʮ֮ǰͳɾ˱굤Ҳǵ֮ţպǰ;ȻԻ͡
ɾ˱굤ˣڻѳƵǸ֣Ĳ֪Ҫٱĵǿиһ־޴İƾˡڻĮ֮Ե;ݴܣĴҲҪһӰɳɾ˱굤ĶʱָĨӰҲȻ޴档жݵĺⶼ˺ֻܶ࣬żŬ޴ȡʮɾ
ó޶ɢȥĴţΪɾ˱굤õġڣٴΰˡһܣӴ˺ͻԵټһִ䣬һֵöʧһʹһֲᡣ
ŻͣǾþɳʵսߣ֪˶սʹʱ̣ʹҲǲᡣ
űƵᣬֲܵᣬֲ֮иܵ˺ޡ
޾ĺޡ
ֺ֣ݶʱе²ԥз
壬ĵĿǣǷ³ޣΪ嶼Сû˼аաԱŮˣȴǾԲȥԡ
ƶԽޣǱԽ
Ҳ۾ĬĬ˵Բסˡ
ռͻȻһǵˣȵȡ
ѾûסƣĻᣬͬʱݵռ
ڸռΪһ壬ҪԼʶݵռǱǰ׵ˡ
ƣҼǵǽ˵Ѳٹ
ùڻ԰ϣˣҲΪ飬һ顣
Ҿ͸˵һ仰ĻᡣǷϻɱ
ɫƽĿϣ˵Ѹռһȫµ磬ǹ⿿ЩȻǲģҪϵµǽѽ԰Ͳ˵󵽷ǳɹ۵ĹģˣھͻȻסǧˣЩʳҲˡʱûмŻ԰˵صıҪǽµ뷨Щ뷨ҲǹڸռĽģ뿪Į֮أǻϸ˵ԣҪһǴ԰Ͳ˵أʱҲҪһЩƱΣ¶Ȼź⣬ǰҲû룬˾õԼǽõֶΣѱƵΪˣһռǽô԰Ͳ˵ذɡ
ݳĬȻ˼ûжϽƵȻûаѻƵĻǷϻ
ãʵǰǵӡ븡ռ䣬ȴǰҪǵūӣʲô
æȻ˵ʲôʲô
ݱ㲻˵ص磬סƵͻȻȻ̽һֱֻ֣ץƵĸ
Сѹ
ʹСѹסƵ壬ѹסѩɽĻйɵ˶ΪľǷֹƴһԱ굤
סƵݺ˳ķϵΪȻ󵷻ѩɽȡĻ굤
ƾһѪֱ޳֮ҪɱɱΪҪңڿ˵Լ飬һںӣҪȫʬ𣡣ɱ˶ᵤħеĶ£ѵħ𣡣
ݵ㣬һǾ仰˵ŵһõȻһ¡һԺʵʵһͨ˰ɣ굤ȡˣҲ֮ǰЩеһ㲹
ƷĺҲ֪һʱ֮ôҪͨˣɱңǲУ˼ͻܵ۸ԸҲ㿴ҵЦ

ݴӸռóһپ͸ı˱ǰ
ҸᣬĻ굤Ѿˣûʲôϵ
˵ţ˺Աߵʯϣޱעűơ
񿴼һǰѽбڲϣˮӿǰѽվûиƺ

£ٴſڵϡ
һ̣Ѿˡ
͵֮м˻һУһĨ׹⽫ס븡ռ֮С
æлл˵ĹУǽôӴ˰֡
ݵͽˡ
ûлԣԺ۾վԼǰĻҽúͫʶʱһƣ£ǣ
æͷǣ
ģ
»Ҫ˵ǰһ˵˵Ŀռ
ˣü漴˵ԭûǱץˣ
ƺ䣬ǲ£´βҪٷˡƣڿʼǿռ԰ָұլԺĻ԰Ͳ˵أһƬĵԺͽˡ
ƶʱסʵƣ㡭ôˣʩʲô
ž
ûشƣشȴһǶ⡣
ֱ䣬ؽطƵ˱һۣȵѵҵĻڼһʴȡúûȥǾ㣡
ơ¡ƴؿǰĽ
ˮӿ̵ƫͷȥ˵ƣǰԵѾ죬ǵһʶ㣬İɡ
֣ص˵˵ǿ޷ġˣ֪ˡԣҪκεĽΪѷϣ޷ʲôˡԼԺøõ㣬Ǿ͹ԹҵĻ
ԡ
Ʋӣڣȥտ԰Ͳ˵ءǧС㣬ǰûĻʲôģ½㡣
Ʊ۾һȻһԲĳ԰ȥ
ߵ·ͣ½ŲͻȻ̧ͷ죬бӵĿ⣬лˣɱ֮
·𱻱ʹ۾æһգЦȷ˼͵λõˡ
룬⻨ƵȷǸˣȫʶʱպɿá
ݣֹЩʲôͻȻչʵ
ûʲô΢΢һЦվǼ߰ɡ
ҲʵŪȥˣ
ݵյҵĿռȥˡ
ʵ°
Ц
ȫһɱ֪սռʲôĿռóˣʱĿռͷˡ
㲻׵ˡݻЦȻ˵㣬гζǣ˵òҲȻ㲻ԸٺһΣҾֻˡ
˵仰¶ЦݣЦеĿ壬ڴ巢𣬺һ
ȴûҲûз𣬶һӿݡ
ţݷЩӦˡ
ôǲǳԴˣЩȻʵ
üͷ΢΢һšؿݣ˵ԣ㲻ˣսռ䣬϶ǲɱ뿪ĮͻȥӴԺһͨˡ
šһͷȻԹԵǰȥ
죬ĿɿڴĿıӰ
Ǹ˭Լֳ˳ϵ⣬Ƶôѵҳһ㶼ˣ
ҡҡͷȤ׷ȥ


367 ħھסأ
ص׶գʯ΢Ĺâվչ⡣
֪˶ã˶죬ݺһ·ǰ
ʼգ·ֻһԱЩխڣżйӰСȻǲȥġ
һ·ǰ˺üɱսصʬ壬ǸԼߵ·ûڤڤ֮У·ĳָоǣǰߡ
ڼȻˣԴĥĵ·ǰֳ˽ʮûйɫǸһΡҪʼûܵõ㡣
£ݻ治ǿЦȷٺһεĸоȫͬʱ뵽ճǵȴӦɶ죬뵽һֽĵĶ
ǰȫȻûָо嶼ѾŮˣôʲô
ҲţӦɶ첻ϼƽϡ
˺Ц⣬ݻ¡Щ´뿪˧ƵصƻʱһֱԺˡеļһֱԺûǻе޼ɣеĸѩȵ˵󶼻Ժһʱ֮ȥ
һ⣬ΪڻУ޼ҪһЩأ
׸磬ȻĶãʵҲһֱĺáСݵĿУǸ磬ǸףһุѵĽɫ޼ɣ߽Ϊ˲ս빲Ļ飬ҲΪĸ硣һֱҲͬãĿСܡˣҲȻΪҪ޼ɶãΪȻġ
ڻȴ
֪ԼĵħϣҲܱĵӰγɡ
Ϊʲôأ
һֱ˼⣬ȴ޴𰸡
֪ҰģҲڻᵽҰģһҰĵѵûںĶѵû
˦˦Դμ뿪ԼԼԶԶģԽԶԽá
Щڻ﷢£˵˧Ƶ˵׵ȵȣȥˡ˧ƵԺӰʩչĳаħֶΣŲҪмȥ˼Щ
Ϣʱݾ˼£רĵ
Ǳ굤Ѹոǻеĸֻ֣ǰһ굤񣬳ɾͻ񾳣ǾǻĸˡһɾǾǻǿˡ
Ϊо绮֣ЩҲͨ׵Ĵ
оֻͣǳé®ֻͣеĲ
С굤ͣǵңպΪǿߵʸϻеľӢ
굤ͣ굤죬ӵ˲׵һˡ
굤ͣԼı굤Ǹ֡
񾳣ѽ굤񣬲ҹϣʩչǧ仯Ļ׶εĻͣǿУҲлܣᣬѱɱѾĸˣߵĶ֣̫Ǳ
񾳣ȴǽ񣬳ɾʹκ¶ϣͬڷ⻯׶εĻͣʹľǻͶأһԵֵһ֧ӣǵ֮ǿߡ
ãã䣬񾳵Ĵ֮٣ԱƵǿߵ˲ࡣ
ȥǾͶĶ١Ǹ׶εĻͣǲǿˡ˵пܻɵġ
ɻɣɣǾСЩˣҲδؼɡɼȴ˼ЩС޷󼰵ˡ
ͿݵĴѹĻҲһЩڻ֪ʶЩҲˣԼڵ˽˼֡ԼΪĽҲ͸ڴˡ
ǰ굤Ǹ߸ϵĴڣ굤֮еľ硣ڣ֪˻е֪˶٣ڶ֮Ͽ»ĶڻȻȼգȫ³Ƿǳ⡣
ȻҲ֪Լڻ֮·һ·Ϊ֮죬󲿷ֻռĳɷ֡˵γɾͱ굤Ǿ;ǴѲк󸣵ļ֤·ÿһζˡϽֻ澳ʱսʤһС֪ԽǸٽһԽѡ䲻֪жٱ굤;϶ȹһԶҲ޷ɾ
񣬱㲻Ǹ֡
־Ҫǿߣֶ
ʮ㣬ͬʱ¶ĸŬУδϣ
ɲǼ䣬ǰ·ʲô㲻ˡһڵص׵ħڣѵҲȥɣ
춼޷ڵסҵۣⷲ׵һССأѵҵĲɣ
İٱĲҲЩ
ֲ֪˶ãҲ֪ʱǰ컹Ǻҹ߽һֱ֮ͨС
֮ͨǰκһխһﲻڣխǽҲûʯǰ͹͹ǶһſžӨ͸ıʯЩʯʮɫ⡣Щâۣȴҫĺ
ݳͷȥɫûиܵκΣйصϢʣǣǰ
ÿھʱݶϰԵǣס֣Ǳʶչ
ÿξʱ嶼ϰԵǣס֣ǱʶҪչˡ
˶˵רעǰš
ÿǰһǰĻԽԽŨңǵӳյĺͮͮġǸо¶ԽԽߣܻ濿¶ֻǸеȣȴûһ㱻յĸо
Ǽǰ
ڣ߳
ǲԼͬķȥǲԼͬĿɿڴ
ΪǰһУȫǵ
ǰĲǿտĶҲǸһĵصס
ǿµĵصһСׯһɹŰƵСݺСӸߴȥǹؾأ򡣴ׯʯͷγɵʯţǵͰСɽǳǳĺʱڴׯ룬һӴ档ǻڴׯȼգƮһɻɵĲһ𹬡վԶָߵλϿҲȫռݡݺǣȼյʢû˿ҪϨļ󣬿ɳ˻⣬ΧķԼκﶼûȼ·ǻֻǴ⵽ϵĻ棬κյ
̧ͷ˳Żȥһ㶡
Ʈ澹ƮĿС
ûУ
Ϊݵ˻⣬ɫķǣ
û뵽ʵѾߵħڶ֮ڣ̧ͷܿգ
ѵ˵ԴҹնԭΪŻ棿ѵ֮ʱŻ棡һ뵽ϸǻԼĲ²ȷˡ
ׯзӣȻҲˣֻĵطһڵϵˣһЩʬ壬ȻҲ˼սӦòֻһμսܶȽԶĵطɱĺۼ
ݺ嶼ˡ
ѵħ˾סĵط


368 ɽˣĮ
ؿ·˵ǲ˼飬ѵħ˾סĵط
ݿ屻ӳյͨӦǵġָŻ棬ʲô
һ㶣æѵԴ
ݵͷпܡ
˼һ˵ڤڤ֮һָоǣѵԴ
ߣȥ׼ȥݲŷԼվһͻʯϣһʯɳɳɳ»䡣
Ҳԥսꪣǣ̤սꪷȥ˴ׯŻǰ
Į֮ϵѰ٣ҲӰȴû뵽Ѿħɽš
ʱһݣ仰ǳġڷйоѾû̽ˣΧû˴ڡ˵˽ѵһֱ棬ԼȴܲϢ
ע߶ȼУʱע⵽һƬսķУһźɫˡ˱ݣ˿һˡ
ҲȷˣΪݴϸоһ˿Ϣ
һ嵭Ӱͷ˵壬վ
˫۶ʱһ
˾ȻǸ񾳵ĸ֣֮ǰǣԼܲϢ
˫΢΢ֿһƣʵʲôˣ
ǻȥһ˰ɡ
תĺɫ˸оӡݿֻƾжһˡ
ΪʲôҪȥô֪ҵ֣
ùİү᲻֪
㲻Ա⣬ߣ
߲ɡ
񾳻˵һ仰ұź
ƮɢȥֳӰ
ɫ֮ˡ
ܲǱ굤ˡҲˣ񾳻ͣλҲѳɾͱ굤ʱûеԵʣԾҵ͵ģҲɼϡΪзʸ𣿡
굤һ񾳣
ͻȻǿĶ֣ݵȷޱͷۡ
ֻ굤ҲͰˣжУ˴˺һ£ҲûлʤĿܡ
񾳡ݶǿľȫ˽⣬ͺʤԡ
ֵܲãǰ㵱ͣȻϣĴȥ
Ըͱ˵ƽƣͷѹһʯͷòҵԴڻĮϾôĥϾô׵ķ
ȭͷҪ߾óҾЭ
ǾֻĹӸԵͷˣ
񾳻һûг֣Ͷʱһɱ굤㳯ݻȥ
ѹ
굤һʹֳǿڱƵǳ뱾굤ȻǱ굤кڣͷųȻڲͬҲұһоʹѹ
ƺСѹǻѹǻҲĿǰյǼߵĻɱûȷǼ֡ڳĻǴѹˡ
һ֣Ļ
飡
ѹΪͿƻܴʹͿʹһҲֵס굤ֽ
һĻ񾳻̾һ֣Ȼˣαأ
ҪЭǲܵ£
ˣ
񾳻͵ͺһڳֵ֡ͬʱ굤Ҳͬʱ֡һǾ綼͵Ķ֣ǾȻû˿ǫ֮ģҪһоҪݵ¡
ɫֻͬ۳ԲͬĽǶݷ
ݺܺĸеһҡڽҪͷչ˫ۣסӱ
ռҪֵ˵ĽܿûЧҲҪõĳԡ
̳Ҳˣǰ
飡
һײ쳹ׯ·һǿôׯȼյĻ涼ƫһЩ
ݸû̳֪ȻĴԼϡκΣգ۾ΪҲҪԼġһΣҲһ
ǰƮһƬɫͬʱоǹɷԼֻԼǰײԼȻ
ɢſ壬Ƭɫһ·
·΢΢ƫͷһɣ㲻¸ңйЭҾûҪˡ
Щ죬ǲһ־͵סǹʵǲΪᣬȴܲɣ
ֻ΢΢ƫͷֻܿҲƤֲܴ⣬ȷȷʵʵһˣһԼˣƫƫ˲ɣֲڵһͬĻĮ

񾳻͵ͺһЩɵʵ
΢Ц鱨úܺáҴû㣬ȴʶҡ
Ȼ㣡񾳻͵ԵЩ˷ܣĶУϣڻгԽ丸ţڿȻˡ
ԽײҵĿģҲûԼ͸ȽϡЩϲЩ˵£Һܲ
ûͣ٣˵ڻĮεգΪľѰҰ˵ܡڸһҵͿǶ֣ҲҺܲ
ȻҲ˵زǽ߲ˡ
󱲣Բѣ񾳻Цҵʵ̫ãһξץȥҲˣ
˵Ҳɱ֮
񾳻صġߡһǹŲ˶ˣҷɽѾսʤ
ԭǷɽȺˡ
˵ʲô
վ֪ԭǷɽˡţɽǺͬһӪģǰԼץ˻ȥԼҲ¡ǺգԼ֪ǵݣ籨ԼݣǾͱˡ
ŭ񾳻ٴγֻ֣γ־ȫˡһ֣굤Ҳ֡
˳ԼϮ˵һ䣺˺󡣡ȻתͷƵ˵ƣ
һơȻơ
ڳ֮еܵ˾޴ػ񾳻ֻ˺˼굤Ͷ˳ȥ
óֶҾͲˡ
һӣɽ˶ʱ߳ŭ˵ҲʹֵĻ˵ץȥǰɱĶˡ
ȫ¶ðҵĻ棬·𻯳ֻռݲͬķλԲͬĽǶ³档
л⣬ıˣкڷϷ˵ȵȣȻԻ˾ӶࡣץݵķˣȻǻˣԻмƿ
ʵĻ棬ҲǼĻĻָеܴݻһʣеܻһзеܿӣе꣬еרŴݻѩɽе˲η֮ʹĻҲǸͬͬʱУκ˶СĽվ󣬰˰Ѻ
ȴ治ɫֱֻۣȭͷʡ
һʱһȭֱӺȥ
ڶʱͬһȭ
ʱ͵һתһ˳ȥ
ȭһš
ͨȷΪͨȭһţܿҲǼ򵥵ȭһš
ȴȭ߽ŵʱһһģһӰĶͷųһɫͬͷ
ݶʱԾؿıӰԭҲ񾳻ֲͣøӦս
ȭһź˻棬ʵǷ˻Ҫʤڵȴǡǡ෴ʤȭһš
ȭ굤һŸ񾳡
񾳻һβֻ˲ǱɳȥײڵͰķϲͣ굤͹ڵϣһɫͷڷתͷÿתһΣǵĸ͹âһʱſǹͷ֮£Ȼǵı굤
ȭĿľȻǵֵ棬ҪֱӴݻٵǵı굤
ǲôһ㣬ֻ굤̫ǿ굤ûбһȭϻƣڿ֧š
֧ŵƺʹ࣬ȫڲͣس鴤


369 
û뵽ʵȻǿֵز
񾳻ǴмһһڰУɱһͻʧǵĻ굤ܱסˣ
񾳻ѾɱģΪ˾ͬ飬òɱȻٰץȥ
ԣ굤ǿϣæԾУ񾳻ͳ
һǵȻ˴˼һɫ档
֮УʱһȼŵΡ
룬һֻ·ԡķȽȽչ߷ɡ
󣡡
һʱ񱻶סһȻֻ˳Լ
Ƿȫȼܻ棬˵Ҫ˭˭סҲ
Ʒ붯ȼյζʱϽס֮С
ɽĻȻ鴫治С
һԵǽ˷ܣȻЩǰûм棬̸жôõĽ飬ƾڹؼʱ̸Ҫ顣Դӽ󣬾;ţͿҲ޲ڣݶһֱܺ棬Ȼϣ¡˷ܣǱݱܵˡԴ̤ϻ֮·⻹һο󡣶һǷɽպĻ
磬Сģ⺰Ȼһ־ѳƺΪ˵ܣȻص硣
Ҳ֪ݵĴûУûӦԭתŹ۲ҲǼԼķˡ
ƺҵķʽһ⣬Ȼһųϲȥ
֮ǰһ򵥵һȴ벻ЧǻȻϨļ
״񾳻˫־죬д߶űĺн࣬Ҳܺأ·̳һ׵ĸ
ĸǴׯĻȻǱƫһЩһХƮ񾳻ϷȻ뵽֮С
ΧԭϨĻʱҵȼγһ൱ܵĽ磬ססĻֱ
ȻǴҵͦԿ
˵һ䣬еɫͻȻɱ⣬ֵ÷˵ŭӡסңûǷܳܵסŭ𣡡

΢ͷͻȻһӰ
ֻģܹ죬ûƬûƤ⣬ûֻ࣬һɫǼܣ
ֻɫǼܣҲ˼ϵ𣬶ͷųǷĻҲηĲסӡ
ƣ
Ӱһţȴһг֣ͬʱһȭ
һȭض
ڶȭɽҡ
ȭ
ûеȭΪȭȥʱ񾳻ǰ
Ŀԣڿڶµ
Ȼһŭ
񾳻;ȻǰķѣӳҪܡ
ҵŭѵܵõô
ȥ˵һ֣𣡡
ûκηͬһű紵ɢ㣬Ϊ۲ɼ塣
תȥ
˶ʱ򵹣ڸתĹͷͻȻ˾޴ϵǵı굤

һսɽþ˻Ļÿһжƽ棬ȴȡʤ
תתӣŴׯȼյĻ˵ɽĻȷʵֻѣЩסԺɽˣҪӱСġ
ңңΪ仰ֻȴû뵽תͷ˵˵ܣҲҪסɽǧܴ⡣˵ǵķ峤ǳɵСﲻá
æ㬵˵ǣ硣
λ̫𺳡úܣԼ罻ֻ֣ҪһȭԼͻʧܡʲôģʲôƣȫ粻һεġ
ʲôţʲô츳ǰȫǹƨͨ
ͣӦú󣬵û뵽Ȼز
̳ǿѪˣ
ɸݾǣȻҲˣõУʲô
ݳ߹ȥ磬ǵĻȷʵղҲǽȻͲҪʹ
ȤĿݣȻóǽ˷Щ
ݵҲö̫ˣҲʶ档磬ʲô
͵棬Ƿ˻һ֡һ͵µĻ棬ȼյķΧٹ㣬¶ٸߣҲ޷˺
ŵͷ
Ȼݣ΢Ц˵һֱΪֵֻҵõУ֪ҲõˣһĵܵҲõˡЩֵܣܲ
ݵڹҸ֮ȴҪս
ڰ֣սȥ֮ˣҪȥЩ顣
ݶʱ֪ĸо͵ͷԣΪҪģܲľͲģ
˵úã
ݻЩϰǲˣΪԼںһ˪˵
磬ôҲǱģ
Լҽġ
ΪԴģ
ǣġ
ң
ͷ׸ҴϢ˵ҵµܵĮˣ㣬Ӧ㡣
û뵽İţݶЩůģĵ˵л׺͸ˡ
Լˣ˵Щʲô˰֡
ݶʱһȻЩ֮УһȥζˡʵϡЩڳÿÿҹ˴Žĸǣȴ˿ûʲôζֳڻ̵ĻĮûк˴ʲôĸ磬ζ
ʵ磬ȥģ
Ƿ棬ȻˣǾͽȥ
ȥָŻ棬ӵʡ
΢ЦţȥôҵõԴ㲻õģҸղ˵ˣǲ˵ġŷǷ֮ӽʱеŻ档ԣԴ棬ԴһеЩҲ棬ǲȥǿϧ
ݵͷ˷ܵԣҵһЩñ
ȴҡҡͷûҪʲôֻǾãĮ˶ĸֺǿߣյĿĶԴͱôǼȻҵԴһ֣ܶʱһȴܵõܶྭ顣
ԣݶʱȻ𾴣û뵽Ȼġ
ΪԼŬ̿࣬β벻µߣƵһ֣쿴Բλ࣬Լǰֱ̫ˣʵе̬Ҳ۳գǳա
һѡաƺ͸ĳ嶯һϾǳ׼ƢĪΪԼɲǺĵˡ
տڲԣȥ
ţͻȻͣ½Ųɣٴ𣺡ûнȥˡλѣϢȷҶųһЩζǰڻĮħС˧֣Ҳŵζʱһ͵ɣյ״ϢҪȥҵܵܣҾͻгһܺʣɡ


370 һķƼʻ
ž
ׯеһͰʯɽϼһ죬ȻһɫӰһ̣һ˳
ݺͬʱȥ
ͬᣬһɫۣƽͷüĿȥһʮֶصˡ
ƣ̾˵岻⣬һкպһȻ𾪲ѡ͵С˧ĹսΪǲ֪ҵ³ˡɽĻȷȴӲ
˵ΪԲۺ񣬾Ҳ͸һɶ֮⡣
º͵ĿװӦǵ֮ˡã׾δ̡
ɫ֮ȭ˵ڣ˳
жʱӹһ˷ܵĹâҲȭԭǵںʦ֣Ϊһеһ˵ĺ˳
˳࣬΢ЦҲԵô̸ʲôþǺպʵ
΢ЦʦֻδѺպǸ
˳ҼҲ˷ܣǾдһɣ
⡣
һԴź˳ֹ۲񣬾˳г˷ܵĹ⣬˳ҲͬȣѾǿˣѵк˳Ҳһǿô
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôҷս
˵ʲôһһ˵ĳƺݲԺ˳Ŀ࿴
ͬˣȻǿز
ݲʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ǳ굤ⱾǷǳֵҫֵ˷ܵ顣Ȼ͵ҲԼΪȽ⡣ǿֿ˺˳ͻȻԼʵͲţƣٺǱԼʲôҲ㲻ϡɾԼļӱŬھ粻ǣͣҲδػǲˡ
һһ⼸ӡؿź˳ƺȤҪúÿһһʲôӣҲĹۿͺ˳սϾƺһˣº˳ƺţҲƺжԶӦһǿʵļ֤˽ЩݾԼŬҲ˷򡣴˷ķƼʻᣬоһõѧϰᡣ
Ļ˵һþĺûᡣ
û꣬ҪͿôô飬ȥģܲˣ
ͺ˳üͷһ壬ͬʱһȥ
漫һӶϣһץסһֻ֪ʲôĴȣڴڵسš
ǶԼִԼһ⣬࣬ôõĴⶼסͣǾ͵Ҳڣ򣬲ȻҾʹһϷˣ
ʲôʱģȻûиܵϢ
ͺ˳ͬʱһݣȻͬʱ˵С˧
С˧һѵǸħС˧Ȼһ
мһξ룬ƾ޷С˧ݣݱ㶯˻ȥС˧
ݷ֣С˧ȻǸһźԼһ˧ӣĳţƤƻƵģƫڡע⵽Ķܴ󣬾һЩ鼮ķӻеĶһһƤҲֻһƤ̿㣬ϡȻǳţûдЬӡ
⵽ЩªĴҲֳϹϵƫƫǧȷħ
ѵħЬôĬĬţ漴еǸ⣬ҲزͲЬɡ
ݵעȫС˧ˣҲûʱģ
С˧ֺС˧۾ʱ˷ܣһֱȿ˳ǿҰٱ˷ܡ
˳ǶС˧󺰵һϴˣδһҪúôһ
С˧ڰ֣ҲӴһûû˵ģԣ̫ˣǴҿɣ
ȻЩʧ̬ĺãٲȥҾȥ㣡
ԣС˧û˵дһȻǳͺ˳ȥֱ˷ǰԼٶ˽ȥ
ڽǰ˵ЩȥҶˣոձɷûãҵȽȥ񼸼˵
һֻűֱǷΪҪãһ䣬ƷһԾС˧׷ȥҲ˷档
С˧ֵͻȻС˧뿪ͻȻҲ֮뿪ͻȻȫûккȻҲûỹȴսĺ˳
˳·Щľګֱʧڷ֮УŷӦɫʮѿ
̫̫̫۸ˣ˵úҴ𣡣
˳ŭһ䣬壬ħС˧ܣȻҵǣǶúҴһ
ǣƷһԾҲǷȥ
ڼʱһӰͻȻסĵ·
ЩؿӰʵʲô
ס·˲Ǳˣݡ
΢Цţƽ͵Ŀ⿴ǼȻѾȥˣǿ϶ѾˡȻڴǾͲҪȥ˰ɡ˴û˹ġ
˳ʵʲô£
ݵȻҵ£ϣܴʹһЩ
˳˭
ݵϰˡ
ม˳΢΢ͷһ顣
֪ңʵԼûʲô⣬˳ġһһˡӦǲʶԼġ
˵˳һܵ
Ҳ⣬Ⱥ򡣡
˳أ
΢ЦǾʹһ
˳һ㶣漴Цˡ
ЦݣԴһ˿
ʵô𣿡
˳̯֣˵ʵ˼
㲻ԣô֪ҲУ
ûҪĵһս־˴áӮˣҲʡ
ȴΪ䡣һܹʡ
˳࣬ٲÿһѿһߵȥһһŮǰǻһǳѿ¡Ȼδ鶼Īˡ
΢΢һ䣬漴¶ᶨɫ
ಣ
ʮѱӸռзɳ֡䡪̲ݱųһŽ˳ͨ·ס
Ȼƽ͵˵һһˣʽսҵ£ȥû£أ


371 
һֱݶܵ͵
̳˹麣²ΪˣҡһΪµһĶӣһֱܵ͵
ΪûаԼλڴʲô֮ӵĽɫϡʼհԼһдԻڴη
֪˳ǱΪһһˡҪ䷢ս¾ͱЩԸˡ
ƫƫˣȻһʱͷԷȣԼĴ㡣
ԴߣԴһͬĻһЩǺö޵ģС˧ѾȥˣƽֵĻҪС˧Ҳֻһ˷ֵһ룬ûмû˽˷Сú˳ȥǴҾͷֵĸˡοᱦ鱾ûԹĹأ˭ȭͷӲͰѱȫգﻹƽ֣
ʵǿԼʵҲ㲻̫ˣԼУܰϵæĥһԸС˧㹻ˡ˳ٽȥǾͿܻ벻ıˡ
ȻδһıСأľ飬뵽Ĺؼ
֪Լһº˳ôҪһԣΪȡʱҲáԼס˳ʱС˧ٻعͷʰ˳ܱͬʱԸС˧ͺ˳Ҫá
ǵһμǶ˵еǿҵšţѾäĿ
ɵı
˳עŲıʵǵδĵӣȴû뵽ֽɵıʶ
˳ȥЩʵôЩѵϮɣ
ɱ˶ᱦĶˡ˵仰ʱ˿û죬ʵʦ־ȻʶЩ
˳ȻǽСɣȴǹɡֻҪɣҵڶԸύοڽҲȥƽɽݷüʦʱһȺӸ棬뱾ڵдʶǵ彣һǵãһŮǸɶõ˲ţ츳ʾҲǺ
ʵ˵Ůӣǽپ
˳ͷ
ЦЦЩҵġ
ร˳Щ档
ݵġ
ȵȣ˳ݣ廰ûʱｲ¡ǵҽȥʱǴˣǴûбͻǾͲƽˡ
ԭ˳ľګӣݻΪúŪźʱ䣬ȴû뵽˼ȴûϵ
΢΢һЦʦ֣ҿѾˣڽȥǵͻҲˡȺҴһĵͻ͹ƽˣ
˳üͷ΢΢һŤЩģݴһ󣬻ҡҡͷ˵㲻ڻ񾳣Ҳ̫ԶûʸҶ֡
ź˳Ǹ˵ӣҲ֪ǹ⳰Ǳ˵ôֱӣ˵ĸоǧɾͻ굤ȻЩɾͱ굤ڽ˷֮Уȴϱ˳ͷһˮ˵̫ͣԿ
治ܱȣһȾˡ
ƺݱȣԼݺͺ˳ȣҲԼ
ݵȻЩƣҲͳ࣬ҪſϽҵս
ܸҿֵҶֵĶ˳΢΢ͷЩɨһۣЩԲ
˼ˡҴ򣬿ԡ㾳粻ܵÿĶֲǻôЩ϶ǲʸġ
˼ûлػһС
һĨ֡
ϣ
սͬһľգȻڰתȦ
ƵսꪺЩһɢȻȴɭȻЩʱ緲ɲǼʧȥɫ
ǽֵʱ򣬺˳˫۾ѾڷŹ⡣У
ݵͷʵڹ𣿡
Ĭһ󣬺˳ˡ
Ȼ˵۾ȴû뿪սꪣȻ˵벻ȻҲ֮һǼңȻλүõС
㾳̫ͣѵΪ֣սʤô
Цû룬ֻһһһ˵֮
˳ҡҡͷԲġҲ֡
ʵ㲻˵𣿡
˳ˣȻʸҽսˣȻҲֻ̫Ǿ粻һıԲƽ
̯̯֣˵˵ȥ㵽Ҫ
˳˫ֱأ˵֪ҵģ
ݵ֪һһƺŵȷֵÿҫ˵һ㣬Ҫս㲢Ϊƺš
˳ҡͷ
ݺʵ㻹ʲôƺţ
˳ϣɾ;Էˡ
Է
ȻˣҾͲ֣Է̬վУֻҪһƵҵķӮӮˣҲȥǣϾ뿪ˣͲҪңΣ
վԭظҴУݾȵôţƣ
˳Ȼ΢΢һЦ֪ˣûп˼ΪԴ˵ҪǺ̵ܿġֻǾ粻һû˼պ󵽴ڵľ磬Ķ֣Ҳû˼ġ
һһ̫˵ţٺãҲһȥ׼ıӴȭĳ嶯
ðɣͬ⣡˵Ĳڣ
˳ΪʲôҪڣ
ôţƣ˻֪֪ܳһĶԷӡ
˳ҡҡͷȻüᶨ˵Ҳܻġ
ݴͷԷĳŪúΪʲôҾʹûйĳţ
ԱӶŭ
һҪ䣡ͻȻŭһ䡣
ľá˳˫΢΢ֿɣдң鲻Ҫ׾Ļʹ˵
˳ָ߸ϣȴһȫǿƵĸо·վݾһСľǹĺͯһǿ׳Ĵˡ
Աϣ˳磬ҡҷһһɫĻȽȽ𣬾һȼյɫ档
Ҳٶ˵ӣסսꪡ
һץסսꪵꪸˣһĨʹָȻȫɲǼоԼսı
ȼյʢӳݵյĺ˵ġ
ִꪣҸһǹȻбսꪡ
һͣ٣սꪣ׼˳â׼ûУҪˣ
ɫ£˳۾Ҳĵģ˵ЩҸʱ䡣


372 
ħɽĴׯΪĴһƬɫΪ棬ֻ쵹ԵúᡣӦʹƽƽвһͻȻĶݵĸоȴȫͬ
ȲƽҲĶЩꡣ
ܶŵĶ֣ûʼ˵򲻹ĺܲҵȵĺݻЩݻûݵ״̬
ɺ˳ˡ
˳˵Ǻݻ⻰ȴ־òݡ˳˵Ļţûиоһ˿šΪʼգ˳·ڲһȻĵŲȾԼҲȾݡ
ΪȷʵǿΪҲĵ֪ǿ
Խսʤ
ݴδǿսʤֵͷ֪Լȡʤп»Ӱ
Ϊ˳˵Ļеܲ׾ӦʹĻ
˼Ҷ˵ˣ֣
ݵĵһбǡɱ
ɱĿǰɱǿĻеһ𣬰еĴ漯Ϊһ㡣ƺɱǰûκηԣֻҪУǱǱذɡ
ܺ˳ųţҲûΪ˳ŷԼòšڳʱûκη壬ǱűʤġΪģɱܷӳ
ɱһսꪾһ˯ͻȻѣļµŭ
ԾУսңңָ˳һֱĽݵȻ޾˳սָ˳ȥ
һ̵ݣ·ؼһѽҪնκε赲ǰĴڡ
˳ûκζ˵վŲݴ
սͷųܳԼϮɫеĺ˳ɫƽȴ¶һĨ޷ڵ˷ܡֵľͣԸ֮ƽĵԵԷʹıϾսЩ˷ܡ
ǵڵһӣһһˣһսȻǳϵսվĵһսѾݽù򣬵ǰһսзǳҪλϣһս˵ҲҪ
֮ǰ˵ֻδкպˣĵһսˣľ޴Ӱ졣ӰӰֶ޷ݣǼֱе
ȻҪָĹȫԸ
ɱ֮ʣȻûκζֻǶͷ΢΢һ⡣ȻЩȽȽɫͻȻʵʵ㣬һǰסǡ棬ֳһīɫķ
飡
ɫɱʵĺɫķϣײ֮ʣЩת·һһĥɱʵҲȴˣתʮɱѾ˴롣ǲɫǡȴûзκα仯ǡеĺ˳ҲǰȻ
ţɢЩɫҲ֮ʧ
ݵĵһУȻͱ׵Ļˡ
һſˮЩˡ֮ǰûԼɱ׼ȷĴڶϣȻᱻ׵Ļ⡣ȻֿҲУѶȶ˱ضͿǰֺǰԼ˼ˣȻ׵ĻԼɱʵ쳣ȡ־д𾪡
һһˡϣɾ;ԷˡҲֻһлݱ֪Լܼˡ
ɱǿĵ幥ɱû취ҪƵķͲֻǿˡ
˳͸㣬ݵĶ䣺ܲȻҵķʲôʹ
ԣѪĳ嶯ԼոʹĿɱûжκ˺ҲͰˣɻٵ㼸Ʒʲôɵ·ٵ㼸ѾǺܲĳɼˡ˵ţƵ֪ö˴ӴԺʧȥƽƽӹӹĹһӡ
ΪǻһҲ֮ĵһս˳ȡʤݺٻװƵ뷨ȴ˳Ƴˡ
˼Ƭ̣ʹڶС
ڶǡѹ
ѹĵ幥ȻûɱǿȴΪ˶켣˺һĻͬǰһ漷ѹһ㣬һȻȫƵ˳ķݱʹһһԡ
ȻѹһսϵķΧ㷢һЩͬûļµȴһֺ嫵
˳ǱɱٵɫûͶڡǡĳܴѹпܸķһвĻƺϲ̨档
ˣ˱Ҫۡ
δ֪ȴͿ˽⡣ڵʦʦǶͿ˳˵һѹܣһūϣοͿô͵ȫȻѹȥ
ѹǳ棬˳ĿסȻǹԺ˳Ϊƴ漷һ޴ץƵץס˺˳ȻҪֻ
һѹȥʱ򣬺˳ġǡŤΡ
˳Ƥһ漴ųҫ۵ɫڸǡ͵ƺûдѹٶȿ죬ǡ˼£˺üα仯žꡱһˣΪɢĻֱѹѹ촷ۡ
Ȼ˳ر¶ڴѹ֮£ѹҲ˿ĺں˳ϡ
ۿžĶǵһĻҪݡʱ˳ƤͬһԵĴһ˾޵Ĺ
ѹ˺˳ƤϣȻҲֻǻƤϣҲܸһ
ѹҲһʹѺ˳ѹһÿѹһʱ˳Ƥͻ˸һ̹⣬Ȼ¶һļ⡣ǹļǿڹ걳ϵĹǣһһģܼӲ
ǹǳʱоԼ·Ҳܵ˴ѹĳʱף˳ķܷܵ˺ܽ˺ֻ֡Ƿһ֣ں׼˵ǺܴĴ
æУĺ˼һļ¡
˳˵վݴ֡ʵҲȷûг֣еıֶǷݾܵ˹ķɣҲֻûԹԵĳưͿˡ
ȻǼõķ
ĬĬ˵һ䣬ȫǴ졣
û̹ͿĴѹԼ̵ԼˣֻôһСķɣҲ𾪴ѹǿ
Խ𾪣Խں˳ķȻѹҲסǿķЩͬĶ֣ѵа취ɱ
ͻȻĸо
ɱǿɱˣһͬĴѹҲˣԼʲôԸ
ûлˣѾʹУֻʣһˡҪãҪпƵ˳ĻȻƴȫ¾ƣҲҪӳ
ʣһУϣܹҾȡ
洫˳ѡɱٵ˷ѹƳˡǡʱĺ˳ϵվǰ֪Ƥͬ״ļķ
Ƥͼⶼ壬˳ĳʵǿ
뵽ݲȻ˳Ҫʹ͹ķǾѾ൱ֲˡ
ңңź˳ûлػսһƬ
Уʲô


373 ɵˣ
Уʲô
˺ܾá
սʵϹȥʱûãݵȴη˼
ʦͿڵĻдĻøռԴĻ;ĻǷǳ߶˵ģֵͬʱݾҪռϷ硣Щѡ֮һʹܴõЧͬмһԱԸһĶ֣Ҳһ·硣ҲһֱԽս
ں˳ǰЩЩƶʧЧˡԭĻʱû˵
ϧСڣλʦڵĻԸ⣬ֻܿԼڵеʱʹһпƵ˳Ļ
ǧ㣬⡣
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãʹС

ѡ񲢲˸еȣΪѳΪݵĳûҪĶֶҪԼʵǿһ㣬ֻʹԽս൱ǱԼ͵Ķ֣ͲҪʹС֮ǰļϸҦ۶սʱͬС굤һȭͽ
ѡ֮µһԣԼ뷨
ɱĿǰɱǿĻ޷Ƶ˳ķ
ѹ˶ڲͬĻҲ޷Ƶ˳ķ
ȴɱ̺޾˶ͻƿضͨĻͬ˼ȥֻϣ
ԥ̳
һս϶ʱ޾
ͻȻú˳˷ܣܵھķһˡ
Ҳ߾裬ĵֿ
ĿǰͷųÿЧһΪƳ˳ķѡҲѭ򽥽ͷŷʽÿһ˳ͬĽЧ
ճһ˳ǱĳסһͬͷųĻƶһջ
ɱʹѹǿӲԺ˳ûжЧ͵һ֣˳ķһЩ͡ҲֻǴͶѣ˳ûбסӦ
ջ󲻳ɣǱǽġɱһһյͻȻת䣬·Ҫ˳һֲ˳зӲĽɱ赲⡣
ɱɣǾ͸ǿӲһ㣬ǡᡱ֡
ɱ㣬ͶһУľ˼룬Ļķ
ȻԺ˳һЩЧ˳Ϲ״ļѾȫֳһ΢΢·Щʵļ⣬һƼס
˳ֽӡһĴбӳЩϣŽЩס
ɱᶼûЧӶǡ㡱
ջ㣬ɱ㣬᲻㣬ǾͰסȻôǿӲҾ͸ǿӲסס˼룬ٸһ
Ĺʽ֮ǰͬЧԣú˳ķһֵԵ״̬ʱ򣬡ǣҪѱסĺ˳ǣճһͬһջǺƭΨһͬǣջͺƭǰ»塣
˳ƺоЩϸΪ˫ֽӡҲʼĬĬ߶·Ż
һУõȶϱ̳
ջͺƭˣҾǿеİһһյͻȻת䡣
ݱ䣬˳Ҳű䡣ڴ̳˳СĬĶԿսϵϢѹ߳
վԶսȫÿë׶ſʹ˻ͬоʱѱ÷ǳǿ󣬾ԼĹϵûı䣬ԼҲǱ˳ˡ
ڻ͵·Ѱ˦󣬲˦ĺԶԶ
Ѿʹǰں˳ķȻûвʵԵЧݲԥ̳
ͬСɣһ˳ĶҲŷ˱仯·սת綼תԼľͻȻҲת̻̲յĿֲоӿͷЩƵķ
ķƳǷȻ߽⡣һõļƻӲӲǿҪƵ˳ķʵȴú˳ķ߽⡣
˳ȻûԤϵնģһӰ죬˷Ӧ
һգ۵ʱԼеĸо
սУԼеĸоסһǳΣյ顣ΪںܶΣ£ս˫ǿߺжϵģΪͷӦʱĸоԵΪҪˡڣ˳Ȼ˸оɼǶôԼķ
ֻҪҵľ磬Ҿ͸ұ֤ԴƲҵķ
ǿҵĳţú˳ûԥжٴνݵĽֵ⡣
˳û뵽ǣǿио֮ǰȻûʧֹķ˲ռԺ
Ӧ˺ܼʱӦԣȻķһС
㾳Ľ֣һСѾ㹻
ץס̳һ
һ
һ̣еˣеˣǷ·𻯳ؼԵĴӣ˳͵ȥ
ܵľ޴в˳һ˿ɫ˫ַĽӡȻָΪüϡ
Щ÷ǳѸ٣·ƵġһֱͻȻ˲ɼԼӦԲʱܸɾ޴вƵķ
˫ֵָü˲䣬˳ͷͻȻһӰ
ǵӰģȻһʯͷɵף
ſŭһ˳ȫ¶ʱ״ʸסЩʷǳʵǹǣʯ·ǴӺ˳ϳһ
飡
޴Ĵӻں˳ӣƣǹ״ҲѿһЩ
˳ûȴףȻ˾޴ĳ
Ҳֻˡ
ȻһЩϵĹ״ʻڣҲˣûбƵ
жѳ˳ȴǰȻվǰ
˳һЩȻ˷ܣŵЦעݡ
û˵Ҳû˵
ݴʱȴȫͬݴʱûԼ˸ΣҲûһ˼֮С
Ϊķ֣Ƴ˳õİ취ʵ
ǿһ㣬ľٸһЩ񾳣ֻǱ굤۷ڣǶпƵ˳ķ
սꪻص˸ռУڸռл̬Ƶڿа衣һ߰һ߷ĵХÿһХݵжҪӹһ𺳡
ΪսĳЩϢ
Ϣܼ򵥣ҲģڸݣԱøǿ
ֻϢȴûиǿķʽԼҲ֪
ȴ޾˼֮С
ɱԼɱߣռҲһЩɻ
뷨ƴһͻȻһԼЩԾľٶ
Ժ˳ͬʱȻеעͶ˸ռ䣬ڿռ֮мر٣ģԼȺŽǡ
ûԥж
ı굤Ǹռ䣬еĻڸռ֮СĻûж룬ǽ򣬾Ľָ
ָǽƻˡˣǻȻûˡ
ھȻָ
Ļָ
Ǵʱֺܱܴڻڸռһᾪȵ°ͶڵϣΪǶ޷⾿Ҫʲô
ⲻԻٳ
ѵ˳Ūɵˣ


374 
ռУĻѱݷָΪһɢƬƬһа˸ÿһֱһһĻʵҲֿܹʹõġƼΣյĶʵֻǰָ
ر̽ǻҷֱųľˮӦĹâͷųһ΢΢ڤڤз·ǣЩƬ
һճɱǣƬҷ˹ȥÿһӦһң˴˼ںһ
رڰ΢΢תųɫ⣬Ⲩת֮䣬·ʵı仯״Ҳڷĸı䡣
ر߻ڱ仯ţһߵҲ˸ߵսӴ壬ڸԵ÷ǳСһһͷų𼫴ĶӦ˹ȥ֮СرһҲʵĸı䡣
߸ƬҵԼĹޣֻʣ´ƬڰСʱȺŽҲʹңңԣڱ˴۲졣
ã۲ã˫ûнһĶ
еߣ߸СֵܶͶ˱˵ĻȻң׺ںϣǸϵʱ
һֱģ·ڸռﳤߵȺŽ˯ˣͻȻ˹һУʱͷųһƾңԶĺϢһֲڵµϢһַ·ԽʱϹʱڴϢ
Ϣһ֣ռеѹȥаҲͣ٣һͷβȺŽ˹
һӣȺŽǶʱɢһȦһȦ
ÿһȦӹռ䣬ӹҽõׯ԰ӹ·ԶŵսͷΧŵ˼㡣
ȺŽͷų·ŸɣһҲӡ
Զս֣ҽöʱ˫ֱͷֲ̿Ѿõݵٴ״ҪԺһЩǱƣѾ˲˵ϣɫ԰ףȫڳ鴤
ݼƲû뵽ȺŽǾȻǿеע뵽ƬС
ԭֵĲԸ׳ԼĴƺȺŽǵǳȤڽյݵȺŽǷȥ
ȺŽȻǿƵĺԿƺֻΪչֳԼʵҪԡԼûκηǳӭӡ
ǴȺŽںϡ
һҲ˹ޣ䡣
ճɱǣر١
ġ
ȺŽǡ
ݾȻİ뵽ɻ֮У
˿ǾСվҲ֪ҪʲôһУȫƾԼĸо
ԴҪһɱ
ݵĲ£ر١ĺȺŽǽ£һȻ˴˻Ϊ˾ĹâȻЩâںϣ˴˾໥תγһ塣
ںϵĹУռϢ췭ظı仯֮ڿռҴܣֹƽȻˮľ˳仯š֮󣬱ǼϢתϢ֮ȫѹס֮ͻȻڶ𣬶ʱռλáʱһɼϢ˲֮ϣԾӸµ̬ҪսϢһս⣬Զŵս⣡
еۻĳ֮ɻɵķͻȻСΪ˺ͻһС壬Ȼһɳ죬֪ص˸ռһ䡣
֪ɹˡ
ΪеһжԭأɻķָʼɻϽ
Դɹ
ԴǽϸֻȻͨı˶켣ǼϺʵĻ󣬴Ӵ˲µĻ򡣶ȴȽԭеĻָϳµĻ򡣾Դķ࣬վǴµĻ
ݸռһпƺܳʱʵֻǺܶݵʱ䡣
˳վݶû˵ݵҲû˵˵һ䣺Ӯˣÿɡ
ûлػ
˳ûе̫ãûзӦ㾶ֱȥ
ںݲ֮ʱ˳ͣһ£ٴγݿһۣͷҡҡͷεʧܸ̫ܿĴʲôأҾߣҸͲ㶪˰û˵ӹڵϵı߽֮С
ں˳һֻż̤֮ʱݵ۾ͻȻȵȣ
˳ûתҲûлͷѴ꣬㻹
ݵһһС
˳Ѿˡ
ʵҪҪԣ
˳Щ͵˵Ѿˣ
ԲԣжҪʹ
˳ͻȻתŷŭĻ棬ƽʵһŭɶģݳ֡
ںָսлʤˣȻԳ֡
ȻֳҲֻǼ򵥵ĳֻ֣ǶķŭһйͷŻһУݣݼʱûҲֻܵˣȴܸܵ˳˳ȻŭɲǼҲõļ㡣ܳΪһĵһˣ츳ͼ⣬ȻĻҪмĸԺʹͷԡܺ˳Եľګͷȴ
˳Ȼ֣¶˷ܵЦݣϳС
һһͬɱ̳ͬ
ͬʱһ֣ؼ˲޾
ݵ建һĽɫҴܣÿ³һսϾͷ·𷭽һ㡣
һܵݵ˳ʱԼˣղʹһʻڴϵСۣ˲䱻յķ˸ûæ״̬ԼĳֵݵĽ
޾̺֮ǿ֮֮ں˳ϣǹ״ļ⡣Ϣ˳æ˫ֽӡͷ϶ʱһ޴ףȫų޵̹⣬˱һɫĹ
ں˳ϻ޾˳֣Ϣศں˳ķˣʱú˳һƣ״̬ķ̫ǿͷϵ׷һХʱһʵʵϢ˼ҵɱ
ʱϢͻȻʧ֮гһԶϢ
Ϣһţ˳ǰʱ˳ŷ֣ϢȻǿĿ£
ΪһδӴϢϢԶأ̺޷ս⣡
Զսս⣡
ս֮У˳֮ܵǰĸо
·һԶŽٵսվ޴һԴϣ
飡
һȥ˳ķʱһ©Ҳʱ¡Ȼδʵս̫࣬ķȴΪḻϲȡжֲ©
©ֻҪڣֻǴ֮һʱ䣬Ҳҵ˻ᡣΪʹɱ
Ǹ©ֵʱ˺˳ľ磬Ȼھͬһվ޴ս񡭡
˳ͫʶʱԼſգͷų
жķҲԼľܵ𺦡
ζŷˡ
ˡ


375 ս
սսһƬ
˳ڵϣŷ棬ֻҪתǰһܽȥ
վ棬ңңаٸнܵ˳ķɣ׼ûд󰭡
жԺ˳𺳣ʤϲã´Ļľ޴ĿС
˳ûмվǶŴͷƺڵԼúʵʲô
̹׵˵Դɱ
˳ʵʲô֣
룬ݵս衣
ս衭˳૵˵֣û
ݳĬûжԺ˳İκαʾ
ΪӦõõİ
Ҫ֪ڴʱðŻٵķաɹˣҲûˣͬر١ĺȺŽǶûˣһ
˴ĴۣΪ˴òҪ޵ˡ
̹ȻĽԶֵİ
һ̣˳վ̧ͷȥ
ܵĿ⣬ݵһΪĿиܵǿҵŭ⡣
ȻԴҪĻս衱Ƶ˺˳ķԼԲǺ˳Ķ֡
ȻղԼʹ˵У˳ûг֣ùսԿȫԼķֵ
֪Ǻ˳ɺԼͬĶԴǵµĿ϶Լ
֪Լܲס˳ŭ
Ǻ˳ʱŭҪ棬ڽȥ֮ǰúýѵһ٣Ҳް취ֻóԿత
η壬̹ȻԺ˳Ŀ⡣
Ŀԣңң
ã˳Ŀеŭ⽥ţƽ͡
Ӯˡ˳³֡
ҡû뵽˳Ȼˬ䣬ԼȴЩ˼ʵҲˡϾ˵ֻУղƵȴǵС
˳ڰ֣˵ֻҪƵҵķӮˡҺԼУ޷ǾϣԼʹ֪㲻Ƶҵķǰжûеɼ׾ˡлУֻҪа취ƵҵķǾӮˡ
˵ţҡҡͷ̾ʲôϣɾ;ԷûԶԶ
˳԰֮ǰԺ˳ĲˬɲǼʧӰ٣ֻúԼʲô£ﾹȻһεĸо
ʵûв׾֮ǰҲȷʱĻܸߺ˳ǵʱʱԴ
ЩƷζ˵ʦְ㲻Ҫ˵ķĺǿЩû˰취
˵仰˳ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ݶʱԼ⻰ıǰοȴôҲڰο㬵ĵͷ
˳ɫֻ΢΢Ӳһ±ȻȻȴ˵ҲҲգ˱ˣ˵ϼкη
æ͵ʦǧҪᣬҲ̫˵
һսҾȻͰˣһһַ̣ͬҲһּʦĽ̻ûɽΪǿߣͱһߣΪ֮ˡ˳ȥ˵㾳ҵͣˣֺγǣˣȴû֮Ҿ³ˡҲסңȻҽ룬ҲֻǱħС˧衣
ԣݿ϶Լжϡں˳ͷʱѻɺ˳ҲˣڹȻ١
˵ǵҲδءʦֺҴҴ򡣿Ǻ绹С˧򣬱ضóʵ˭˭Ӯ˵ˡ
˳û˵
΢΢۾ò
ûתûн棬ǳȥ
ȻӮˣҾҪسŵˡ
ݲӣź˳ıӰʦ֣ء
˳ͻȻͣƽ͵˵ʲô֣
ݡݴûгϹǸ֡ҽܵʱ򣬿϶ֻ֡ڱƲѵ£Ż
ˣҲźܺõĵӣϣ´ʱܹҺȫһս
ЩΪѣһŬǫ˵
˳㲻˵Ƶȥ
ź˳ʧںͮͮĻ֮Уݳ˿
û뵽ԼȻɹˡ
ԼȻѱΪһһˡĺ˳һѡϣɾ;Էˡķˡ
ڻĮвٷ£´ȥݾͻ
ҲȻȥ
ΪǺ˳һսݺȥ˵˳ԼҲ˵ȥ֮ˣŴ֮ˣɳôԼʧܵ顣ΪԽ˵ԽںԽںеӰͻԽأаٺһ档
Ĵº˳
˺ܿͻ֪˳һս˭˭Ƶ˺˳ķ
֪˾ȻĶӣһǸӺ󣬲ֻ֪θ롣
ݳͬʱ͹ֻ͢
ݣû°ɣղһսԹ˵ҲνǾĶǡܺ˳ǲݴ򣬵ҲΪɶܵ˺߹ѯʵ
˳ѾˣûװǸ棬Ц˵ʲô£
һĵģû뵽ôˡ˳ٶ񾳡
ݵֻҪϣҲû뵽Ƶķ
˰ɣϢһɡ
ݵҲۡ˵ţЦеĿ۾һֻѾƵ屳§סļЦҵľĺܣܸɺܶأ

һ̣ݷһС
ЬѾĽֺϡ
۽е½ţ
ЦҲûʲô˲ġ㻨ô󹦷Ƶ˳ķֻһžƵķ
㡭ָ壬һԹģ⻰Ȼ٣
˭Ǹˣһûˣüͷ
Цˣ˵˭˵ŮҪ˲ǸˣֻҪˣǸˣ
㣡׵ҧ´ݺݵضݡ
ݰڰ֣ңҺ¡ҺԼң
ɶ񣡡Ҳ޷ܣֱӽֻΪȣ˫ִȳݴȥ
ݰȾܣģǿаֱǱ
˭ȡЦҵģվס
ˣģ㿴ʱȥôˣҲô˰ɣҪǽȥ

ֻһͣ٣Ⱦͷϣͷóһ
ʱ˿̣˭뵽صĻĮһŮˣ
ȻˣȻһͬҪ죬վᡣ
ഺ£ڷȼУ


376 
Į֮ϣҹĻĺ⡣һֺ´ҹĻ֮ҹĻ֮УĮϵ̧ͷ£ῴһҪϺܶҲ֪ĸ߶½ˣǵĺˡ
µʹ׺ͻﶼʲôףʱȴоѹ֡
ԪʦڷлϣҹĻ£ĿŷķϥϣƱ۾ʵеΧһһ
ԶĸϣһתСͨħڵĳڣ˳Ǵȥġ
ԪʦȴλʦֵĵҲڵȴź˳ܾ
ڴ˴ԪʦӾɽΪ˵ǵʵҲڴ֮ʱı⡣ֻҪĵõڻĮηƼʻзһҪĿ϶Щʦú˳ȥȫֻΪú˳û˳ҵʲô
һŴӸھͷҹ紫Ԫʦüë΢΢һʱһӣħϳһɫĴ۾˵
ԭֻǵɫɵһײȥ㷢̹⡣ܾƵĵҹĻҴܣص
һԾʮԪʦǰŭɶ˵ֵĮѵǵڵĵô
ԪʦȥҹĻһ׽ƳۣɽԵԶ·ӱһ
ԭ̫Ľ̵ѡԪʦ
ʲô⣡Ԫϵѵʶô˵
Ԫʦһԭԯսԯϵܡף겻ΪǾͦ죬֮⣬Īѵ۷ڣ񾳵ĽҪͷ
ԯս鼫Ϊˬͺȵ̭ңҾѵ۷壬ǿǰʲô
Ԫʦ΢ЦϵˣҾṷ̂˼ֻ㣬ͷȴ£㲻úñչȴĮˮʲô̫֮ƵᣬزԴЩȤɣ
һ治Ȥ֮ĮѰˡ
Ѱʲôˣ
̫Ľ̵һС
ʲôΪ
굤
ûҪȥˡ굤Ļȥǿ϶׶༪١˵Ի굤ΪҲ²ȥġ
ЩͲˣԯս˵ÿҪȥˣ
Ԫʦԡ
ԯսŭ㲻˵ʲô˼
Ԫʦ˵ȻǲԸ˼
ԯսƢȷܻ𱬣ʱװҲ̫̫˰ɣȥѰˣֲǺ
ԯϵܲҪᡣ̫Ľ̶ԱûȤǵڵȻҲȤҲȥΪڵĵѾȥˣǶһЩСЩǰͲҪȥӰ쵽ˡ
ʲô߼
ԪʦͣԽͱԽԵǿӲ
߼˵ܽǱǲܽԯϵܣ
㣡ԯսŭգԪʦһʱͬߵҰޣһҪִ˵ӣȵ̫֮ԹֱѣӲ΢£˶ңƴҲҪŭ𣡡
Ԫʦм˵֪򲻹ҪⲻǴӲ΢£Ǵ
˵ţԪʦָ侲עԯսǳţ·ֻҪܽĽ
ʱһǿԪʦӿԪʦӦ죬ָһɣʱһɫӿȥ
飡
ըһ̡ɢǹڶĺ֮УһɳƵ
Ԫô磬ںðԵ̬ȣ
Ԫʦ۾ȴź
һҹ紵˺ҹĻֳһӰ
Ӱͷңϴźԯսһĳۣ¶ڳϳ˳ĺëȫͷųһɷǳ׺ǿ
Ԫʦֻǳ˫ëֱһۣѲµ˭Щ˵û뵽µİ˴֮һȻͶ̫Ľ̡ѵ̫Ľʲô˼ıܰǿҲȥ
ɣ˴ʮһ߶ؼĴͣΪɫţÿһպյҲң֮ˡǳ͢ص̫Ḷ̌µһڵڣƺ޷ͶЧԪʦǳ棬ΪҪ̫Ḷ̌Ҫ֪ڳϺ֮⣬Ҳֻλʦǿߡ
ǰ˴֮һ֮һÿ˶Щ֮ϵĴڡƺԼˣ㲻Ӧü˵¡ҲΪ߼
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377 ǰ롰Ů
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˵ᣬ˸оںģںս
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СǸܱŸԴۺ󣬾ͳµͳ죬ڤڶɴеĹͳ죬ʵҲڤڶɴĴֻʲôְȨҲûУоλԼԵҪҲܴЩԱĵطǣĻҽҲ˻԰Ͳ˵أõݵϿɡܴΣУǰкǿҵı
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ܶ࣬ǵƶࡣԽˣҲԽǿԼҲǸһ˽⵽ˡ
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Ŀռ䷨ǣռռ֮Ӷɡ
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ƿţһȫµĿռ䣬ȫµ磬ΪڴΪΪ˷ܵ顣ݽ˷棬͵ͬǻЩƿһš
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Ϊʱ˿̣չǰһ硣ɫžʾʾ˽šֻɫȴ൱˵ҪԵº࣬˸ܵůܴ󣬵ٴҲֻռħڴׯһ֡ڷȴħڴׯҪһۿͷͺ͸ռһ
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ЩС޺صĻݻǲԸЩСԼ̫÷ʲô飬Ҳǵϲһ·϶ϣСΧҷ衣
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Ӱӣ۾һǼϱͷðڽսˣ·˶ܵ˺صˣ޷սһ
ˣæܹȥ磡
ˣħС˧


382 Ҹ
һմȾѪ֪ĻǱ˵ġݵȻΪǱ˵ģΪ˭λǿѪ¶ԷħС˧磬ҲΪ޿ܡ
ˣλ޼ҲˣߵŮӦɶҲˣûʲôûиожôֱλͬ˵磬˵ȷǷǳк֡
ȻǿݵĿУΪԼܽӴ޵Ȧǿˡ
ǻһһ˺˳Ҳɸ㶨
ڣһֱ򶨵Ȼòôϵɫǳѿǻһ˿Ѫۡ
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С˧ģҲԵЩƣ״ƺҪԺһЩòǳ˧ֻǶֳܴŽţȥ̫Źۡ
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383 ˭ս˭
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ȻںʵλڿУһԷ˫ͻȻе񱳺ſһ̣ǵصѪ
Ѫ֮Уʵʵλ˿˿ƵĻеıȥȴǽı壬ں͹ɴѹ࿹⡣
ϵķѹ𽥱ñоȻʵʵѹ
һĻЩˣΪҲ֪е񼫲
ֵͻȻݾ𣺡˷ͬСɣҪôߣҪôɱ
˳ֵĻʵô£
ֵҲȴ񶼲񡣵ȷӵ
ܴڵִͬ˵̫Σˡɱ˶ᱦ˼
ݵܾ޿ܣˣԺ󻹻ʱӰսʤĻãˣҪһս
ͬɱ
Ƿ֮ӣĶӣҲͬҵֵ֮һ
֪լʺ񣬵ضǸ󻼡
ԲɱԷϡ
ˣҲ
ȥɣ͵Ϯңǲ壬һ̸ʲô壡
ݵıͻȻðһźڶ𣬹֮Уֽ̤һȺγɵִȰ֡
ܴں֮УʼΪũ
ֺܴһ֣ս϶ʱɱȻ
üͷ΢΢һЦȻɱ⣬Ҳһţ㲻кýЩͿͽܣѾ֪˭ˡ㲻ʲôݣͿ˵ģҵһֵܣ
Уһס죬Ҳסң
˵Խսǰ磬Խս˵Ǻƽ¡ֻԽսʤ֣ȴԽսʤң
ܿϧҴûʧܹ
ǰǴǰԼ񻰣֮ӡңս񻰣
еصУ˫ſٴ޷ԶƮ˵ΪԼҲ֮ӣҲ񻰣
Ϳ˭ս˭
˵仰ʱȵĻڱִꪵ̤Źзȥ


384 ܱ
ں֮Уվڹ쫷֮ϣִꪣ־ָſʱǽеĺһε˺˺һĴ״ÿһ״ĺڱȥ󶼳зȥɲǼ·콵ɫ꣬ѹСںΪ״еĹУŷⲻǴĺһ
ڷйްÿ·ʵʵ壬Ǿ͵ĻͣЩͻʧȥսʧȥս󣬽Ӷı͵Ĺơ
ЩͲеսҲЩļһԼ˺ҧǻɧս˫Ȼһ桱ѪǹǹͷȼǸ磬רԸѪģԸܶԸȻڻ¡趯żӳ˷ѪǹҿԼһһɱ
ǹ磬ֵˮ©һһҲֱǰɵķ籩ԽԽʱǷ籩֮дһ
һ㣬ץס㣬һǹ籩д˽ȥ
ϣ
һֽײĺ֮ͨһεϱõ·˺ɷ飬ĺҲʱɢ
Ѫǹ͹ꪽһûϷֿǱ˴˶ͷųǿкֶڸԵı֮󣬵ȴһԷĻᡣ
ԶһŽ˸ǽԽԽ죬ɫҲԽԽƵʺɫȶ˼£˲ܲıʱ̣Ž㳯к˹
ܰԵҰֺǳģĿС
Ϊܴڵġũڡ
ܵԣڳһֻе֣̯ƣжʱһƻתǵϺĬȴ̫»ﵽ˻굤ҲܹڴʱвڣȴǸ˲ҡ
ȻԣеĻ治ͣתձһСũڵϮնиȡ˽ȥһֻԱ˵ҰޣԽԽը
ǵȻ̫˶࣬ȴҲһֻֻĲӬ˲񣡡
дһϱĲǷ˻棬ҲǺͷйصĻһȵ
ݺϤֺܴҲϤΪܱܴڸռͬʱʱ򣬸ռǿ
͵˽ֵʱҲĸо˶ݵݲɡΪиܱܴЩȴû뵽оȻҲܹĸоҺҪΪŨ
֪ԼǸ硢ǸȣСͺŽʶѪѧˡ󷨡
ʹԡ󷨡
󷨡һ߶Է·һ֮ì֮ܵĸоֺܴڵĶԵͣͣнչǿҵĹơ
Ѫ꣡ǣɵаɱɱɱ
һ̣һɫϢ֮Уͺֿʼ̤һһ״Ϣʵһ֡Щֲʵ֣ȴɴɡôɵ֣ȴֱͷųҪӴ
ЩǳһĿȥǷݣܴڣ塣зǳ֪Ҳǻͣѱڽսг֣һֻӬ
ֹķʽӲӲײǷ·ֱӽ뾫þȻӰ졣
ݱȽϤֹʽɱ֮ͬʹеʱѾҶκСˡ˵û̫ΣգȻѾסԼԼǾ;ԲԼպ޴в
ȻѾ¶˾ģݱ㲻κֶΣǹɾ޴ԼϮʱϵļڤڶɴ
ڤڶɴųĵ̹⣬һֻֻԵĴ֣ڴϣȻ봬С
ڤڶɴȡֶλͣǴʱʹãһЩηɢ
սûΪڤڶɴȡڤڶɴһ̹⣬ֱϣ˶ȡ˽ȥ
бڤڶɴɹȡֺܴҲæڤڶɴС
ڤڶɴڣããɫһҶۣдʱϡûлԣֻƬ̵ʡ
ѺվþĿⶢܵһС
ԭƽȵζɫͻȻһװ죬۵ĴͻȻüΪΣգ·ֻһ˾׽ƷһӰӺϱĳȫһγɵǺɫ۾¶̰Ĺ⣬·ǼΪϿڵʳ
Уǲݺֵӡ
Ī˵ݣʱ֣Ҳͬڤڶɴе񣬶ٴηĹҪǿ
һȺѻںϼ۵ͷɣһֻ˴СѻΪףϰֻѻз˹ȥ
ڤѻ󣡡
ֵ͸¶һԺѻڻĮӪϪȺʱջħںѻɵ󷨣ʹǵһʹáڶսھʱʹ󷨣ʱȡ˷ǳõЧǳԺ
ѻڤڶɴʹ޼ֻչֳǿ
еû˿־壬෴Щ˷ܡ
ݣϵıǲ١û뵽ҴеĿռȻôҽҶСͨǲͨĿռĿռжٱһһʹ
ƺûаѺѻȺѻ֮ʣһУһŽɫķɫķͷȴûųɫĹ⣬ųһȦȦɫĹâ
ŷһȺӿѻȻһͣͣɨ֮ǾȻȫȻŷȡ˽ȥ
ٴΰһУջȥ޵Ⱥѻպøѻˮʵգ
ֵ׷Ťû뵽ԼļսϷӼЧ󷨾Ȼ׵ؾȡˡȻ⻹û꣬мû˻شƷڹһ㣬ǹ۶ʱȥѾԾգѪǹֵʹ̡
ãͻȻھͬ˵븡ռУ룡
ֵĺѻоͺظûˣҲ̹Ҫݵ븡ռ䣬ô౦ǻˣ˸ϴһգʱֻսꪶԱס
ϳȥ
ݶʱڤڶɴҪиȥͬʱֺܴҲз·ڤڶɴУκҲ޷ȥҲ޷˺
ִһ˳ǹͷһŷżз˻֣·߱ߣߡ
һʱ֣û뵽пȥֳʵȴǳĿֲȻ԰սڤڶɴףҪųˡ
ôŸʲôΪʲôôŰҸϳȥǲǱ˵ˣ⴬Ŀռռеһܴ⴬ֱӽĿռܶıʱΨһɱҵİ취Ǵݻٵռ𣿿ռһݻ٣еıҲͶûˡݣȰ㻹ǸװɣҸ粻ãҪһЩ˵ʲôĶӣҲĶӣ˵ҵĵܵܣܵܰһѣǼܺõֻҪǰңҾԼ
еϿݵľȻ졣ݶʱͷۣҪ֪ĸռı굤Իٸռ䣬ǾԻٱ굤ôûô򵥣еΪûˣ
ݵڣٲȻѾ˴յӣ
ڽΪ굤ͺһ˱
ܱ


385 Ҫı
ڤڶɴУɫɵֵľ޴ѾѪǹ˺һӡǿӵľͷһƬǹĺɫ㹻ǿҵ˴йɣпֱӴڤڶɴдԽռȥ
ݾԲ飡
֮ǰԵĶִԼҪǿͨԽսľ棬ûᷢľ档ȡڤڶɴ߽ѹڸ£ôֱȻˡУȻΪһңݷʤ
֣µֻڤڶɴˡȻ˵
ڤڶɴ޸ܹͨڤĹߣǧҪذֵЩǡָôһ죬ڤڶɴ޸ˣܽڤڶɴصڤ翴һ
ݵѾûİ취ˡȻҲԻٸռ䣬ֻԻڤڶɴ
⡭Ǹ첲šȣʹһٸԸ⣬ʱҲֻЭ
ʱݵľﴫһŮ˵
Ƶ
ˣҵǾòһҪٵڤڶɴ
ܻڸռǸ΢˵ݺֶ·ץסһþݣͬʵʲô˼
Ƶǽץڤڶɴʱ֮ˮ֮ǽе쳣Ŀ־塣ǿ־壬ǱͻȻ任ĻסҲЩµģʵˮ
ǵʱǻ굤ͣˮ̺żµɷ֮ǻ굤մôһ㣬ҲǳԲġҾã㲻شݻڤڶɴֻˮ죬ڤڶɴĿռоԳԲ
ݿЦһǺãֺûȻ񾳻ͣҪȡɷ֮׳ֹ
ƾüᶨ˵Ա񾳻˵뷨ǳġвͬѵûͱ˲һѪѪ̺֮ɷ֮һԵĽУ˭֪ᷢʲô仯֮ǲܵģ
ݵЩͣȻ͵ػƣ԰еͳһҾȻûпǵһ㣬Ǳ
Ҳ˻Ƶ˼æ˵ûɷ֮Գ񾳻޺о˵׼ˣ֮һǺܱ֮ˮضܲˣ
ûİ취ֻʵİ취ݵͷ죡֣Ҫˣһˮڤڶɴɣ
ǣ
ܲݻڤڶɴ˵õϢʹݵǱףʹĪܣ׵ĺˮ棬ʱŪ˸׳졣
׷ת϶ʱˣգ˲Ǻˮ뵽ϷɫСʱǡôʹгƬ̣վ˳ݵ뿪ڤڶɴ
龪һǴ졣
еһȻԵõģմȾ˻ҳ֣ҡͷôͳˣǲ񫰡
ݵѱ÷ǳŭͳѡ񲻳
еҸղǲˡ
ݵ㵹ǹ̹ס
еӮǴӮӮǴӮҴӡľȻңֶ࣬ιֹ࣬࣬㽻֣Ҳȷܵġ˵óԽսҲ˵ѡҿǰЩԽսʤĶ֣¶ΪдӶֶθ㡣ҾͲ᷸ĴҪսʤҺѡ
ǵսŸոտʼݵıǳ࣬ЩֵУֻΪǿˣʵΪʲôڣ֪ҲǸͬСɵ
֮ӲΪ֮ӣԭͷвûжôصζΪ˴ЩС𺳲̫ࡣף֮ĸִʵ
տʼҿǿɣǱߵսۿͿҪˣȵ˶Ͳˡ
нѪǹڵϺݺһ㣬˫ץǹˣ˫ȡ䡱ʥĸ̤󾹿ķʽʥĸܵ˫ϡȥһСڵ㡣
ûķ羰ãһս
һâһԾʱһɫӸռĳʥĸܵ˫ϣҪܶࡣ
վڵ˫Ϻ󣬽ɫڿһ󣬱㻯ΪϵսС
̾Ȼղطḻû˵Ļʲôˣ
ݻսꪣԼһǹֻ֮һоŴĴˣԲ֮ġ
Ц˶ʵʲôηģ
ݵǿĴڣҪǿ̫̫࣡İֿԣ
еЩӲԵΪͿԼúܺãԽԽãΪַ֣ңҵɣûҶδ׷Ȩڣ㻹˼˵ңа취һȥϾͻȥǣ𣿡
ԣȷû
мԼȻˣҾҪĺúõģҪǰĺôһ㡣ҵһ̣ҵľΣաıͽթǱǸ۸
ƽ͵˵ҴûҪ۸㡣˺ʦȣһ
ͻȻŭҸ㽻˭ҽǶ˵ҵŮ˵Ǿ𣿾ǣҾҪǵ뷨˭ģȻˣҾҪԼĻκ˶棡
ҡҡͷΪУվԿԼ
ҪǿЩʧ̬ĴҪøǿǿҼȻˣҪı磡ЩΪֻǿܵ˸еڣ
еУ޾İ˺ͲʣͻȻǰַ·ǸΪԼҪӺĶˡ
뷨æ˦˦ԴҪ뷨ɢȥ
ս֮ʣԼھ
ٶ룬Ȼ֡
ԾȻȻǿٱָսꪳдȥ
һ̣ݵȻ˽ɫ
ռûʵأȴ޵£¾ռ͵ءʱ˿̣죬ǵأԻΪҪԪء
Ϊ֮䣬ǺȻ
ɱ


386 
ݵӹһֱĽâ
âبʣҲبս֮䡣
âʱؼһƬȻâΪһֱŨâʱҲǱѹһһšâͷųȥһǣ̵ٴγء
ȻȻȻȻͷŵ޾Ҫµʥĸܶ壡οЩվڵϵˡ
ô
е۾΢΢Ŀ֮¶ĸоûһ˿иеֻ㡣Խ棬ҲԽ档ݶģҲҪġ
к˳Щܳ˲ͬǿݵǶԷʹΪĻǳ˷ܣҲ¶޷ڵ˷Ŀ⣬ΪʶĴͨ˷ܲѡȴȫû˷ܵ飬еֻרע·˷ܣЩ΢΢ĽţһֽھԵλϵı֡ıֺ˵Ļһ¡İ磬ֻǺúõػţϣܱǰĸáԼʶЩͨ˵ֵ˷ܣҪúӦԣҪЩͨǡ
ɱһӦԷʽʹĿǰĻ
ܾеѪ
Ǹ磬ⱻΪѪ磬ǻ
ѪѻΪѪѻΪѪȻǻ
Ȼ䣬档ЩռеĻ治ͬûôͣȴԵøΪЩȼһаסγһ״е嶼ȫڵס
ͬʱЩȼյĻȽȽͷһֻˡֻ˺ͷ׶ţԸã˴ͷųԼϡ
ھŴսʱڣǺǲĴܡͬ⣡
ܾ֮
ɱ˲ջǶɻγɵĻϡ
оþδֳʤѶеʵɵǵԷڤڶɴݸ֪˵ĻǳеֱҲκ塣ɱԭֻսͷųĻһִսβɱ󣬽ɱܺսꪺΪһ壬ɱ򻨰ʱսҲѴ̽˻
ꪼ̽ȴûٽһݽȥݲ룬ɱһ㽫ͷųĻ顣ݶõǣսȴһ룬·ֻҪʱ䣬սܴꪾ͸
ֻһʱ䣬սꪵꪼû˻֮С˿˿ƵĻӻȱбټһѾмǿĻսת
սתĺܷÿһתǿԼٶ򻨰롣
ݰ̾˿ԼĶԽԽǿѾÿһҪʹܶԿĵزͬСɣɵԼɱһʹܸ޴ѹ˻ʤϣ
ʱۼԼȥ϶䣬ʹһС
ͷĻͻȻһĽ˫չʱϿ̻ʢɫĹޱѤá
ּ̳ʵʵʱʼҡ
ܾ֮ţ
ŵĲЩ̻ǻʢš
ţţš
սǿ𿪣һɼǿҵʹðֱ۱˵ΣҲҰսꪸɿȻṵ̂ĸо֪жıܶģսꪱԷˣһεĻĮ֮оǰԼǰ;δˡɳܶԷǿܣҲɿ֡
ãķֻһ˲£æ˿
ķչֻǰһеڶܲŸոտʼ
ǶаסĻʢţÿһƬɻγɵĻ궼ƮɢֿƮɢȴ̺ܡÿһܣܹкһµʱ
ڣеܶݹȥ
սչڣѾ˵дڵĵزݽսջظռ䣬ʹΪĻ
ս裡
ԡΪս裡
ںر١ĺȺŽս裡
ݼս裡
սһսϲͬǰֻݵĸǹкŽÿһÿһӦİ̺޾
֮ǰɱͷųͬɱǷ·ʵʣӲİ˿ͺ¡սͷųȻ翣ȴÿһ䣬˵壬ÿһϸ
ΪֲǣǰÿһһÿһһֵЧ
ڣѱںϣһ׸߿ϵĸ衣ĸȫݣıӶ̳һȫһĸ衣
ÿһ׸裬
ͺñս費ǻȴеʩչֶΡ
ּԶأָ߿Ϭеɫˢһ±ɫ
㱻û
ͬɽͬХͬ۽ǰеһС
ûˣɢˣбֱӺʥĸܡ
ݵĶĽк
սȻǽ౦ĴֱͨƵеһԨ
Ҳ˭Ľ١ҺһҲֻš
ߵʥĸ˫һˣȥ
ռ޾Ļ𺣣ȥоһ׹Ļ档
û뵽Ӯˡ
˳񾳻ͣݺսʤΪûгֻ֣ǵķ
Ҳ񾳻ͣսʤȴȫʵսʤݵǳӡȻָĸ˷ܡ
ûϲá
ҲܲԼʱ飬ȷȷʵʵǣûϲá
ĺһȻر۾
˫۽Ҫ£ʱ򣬷·𿴼ʲô˼ĶͻȻ
׹ȥĻ棬Ȼûг棬ƶٴα仯һʢĻ
Ƕ仨ɺŵĻʢĻֻ˲Ḷ́Ż׹Ĺвظÿظһ̾ͻΧŨҵĻ档ЩĻ棬ռķ治ܱȣɽϵķʥҲܱȡΪֻֻһ֣ݸܵȫµĸָܡ
ָֻݵԺһţͷ˾޴ı仯
Ƕ滨ʢ̬𡢱ըӱըзɳһϢӰ
ӰΪĻˣ
һɳ죬ʥĸϿոأֲŵͷ­תȦβϳͬҹĻǹĵһһ͵¡
󣬻˻ΪһӰʥĸܵĳϡ
Ӱǳ仯һΡ
ǹŵЦ
ݣƺӦлл㡣ҵһɹ
վǰУݾ뵽еġܾǶô棬ܾ֮УȴһԽԽǿĴͨ
ɽûеĻ
˱ҲûȫյĻ
ԭ粻ֵܻĻ
ܾ֮


387 
еƤñǰӺҲøйòȻûзı䣬ȫÿһ鶼ݸоǰĲͬʣı仯
õ·ǰıըѾվˣʱȴȫվǰȻţƤȴʪˮ飬ܸɾ˳Ӥʡ
ҳĺܺãȴǲ̫Źۡ
ս衱޷ѶԷ򵹣ѾˣгվԼǰ˵һûͷûԵĻ
ƺĻشݵĻеıðź⣬ӡȻһԳԳı泤һЩ澧ʯԶ˸ź⣬Ƕڳϵĺ챦ʯԵȼյĻ棬ȽȽƮȥǳ˧
ԳչеֱҪܶ࣬Ҳܿ󡣳ǰеסһ̣һɫۿɼٶȴӳе塣ٴչʱѾһɻԪرƶɵ
һϣͷ·סеĻΪһ壬ȥִٴδݵĸо֮ǰǸʱѾȫһˡ
ʵأ
ݴУû뵽㻹··붩һ
еҪǮҿ԰㡣
ݵҪʲôۣ
ҡҡͷҪʲôֵۣʲôۡ
ʵֵʲôۣ
˵޼ۡ
ݵˣҡ
еûˣ㡣ȷ޼ۡ޼۲Ųϻкܶණ޼۵ģ޼޼֮䣬ȻԽ
̾ˣ뻻ҵ
лǸӣǰǣڲǡ
ʵ뻻ʲô
ͻȻĮĿ⿴ݣ
΢΢һ㶣΢Цҵȷ޼ۡ˵ûʲô塣
塣еΪҪҵ
ԡ
н˵ԣ·͸¡
л˵һ䣬Ȼ۾
һ̣ݵͱ۾ս衱ٴ
սһΣ˹ݻֻܹѡս衣ս⣬ûиĻԸˡ¶ģڹؼʱԱ굤ͬھ
еʵֲ̫Ļֲ̫Ķӣǳ͢͹ˣǷ֮ӣǷɽɳЩǾͻֵڶħڡ
ֺǿҵĸоǲлȥûожôһ뷨Ǳлţͻĺܲãܶ˶ĺܲáĶеɱԽԽŨ
ݵٴγУȻصս裡
ȣ̽ǻճɱǣ˫ĻȺŽǴͨɻ죬ݵдɲǼ·綼ı䣬·綼졣
Ǿߣֻȥһ㣬ͻᱻݸ²ǳΪϵ⣬ݾ׸
֮ǰҲʧܵģ֮ǰ񾳣սǰƺҲǲһٴУɫȴ쳣Ĵݣ·һ˶Կһе
ݵȻΪеžֹͣͷŻˣӴϣһܴ漣
ȻʵȴԶŮҲԶ֮ӳֵʱŮѿµĳ
еĳȶɵУһ⣬ȻһһģһĺɫӰֳеıһӰ
Ӱ֮ǰȻҲһˣݴӰиܵǿѪǿѪ̺ŷḻ֮
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Ҫ˵ɥҪǴһ
һܱȴҶҪãǻţպΪұ𣡡

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ǲﵹ£ҿ϶ߵĸԶ
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΢΢ȵ˵һˣȴǸ֮͡ǰǸ񾳣Ǳ굤С굤˾Ȼˮ׼ô
ҿЩжңѡ̳˰ɣ
кƵ˵ⷬʱݵѾȼӣȼĻ塣
ǧһ֮ʱսͻ䣡
ԭսϵ޾ѱϸȡʱ˿̣һɭȻΰϢȻ𡣶ϢԴȻݵ壡
ϢĲЩȼյĻ涼ԥ
һ̣һߴϵݺ֮䣡
Ķˣվһֻýĺӣ
һɹɾİɫ޵ĺȻǺ·վƶ˸飡
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ԳյС
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388 ޵
һսϵķϢʱ࣬·кܴһֶȡһʥĸͷųҲˡ
С֪ĽףͷսִԳħ̤ɫĺȻһֻƼһڵиȥ
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֪ⲻǴ˻᳤ԳȻҲ᳤
Сĳˣ
СڳأǾζ굤ɹˡ־֣굤Ȼǻ͵ĵңôǿ
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𽣺ԳħײеٴηȴѪǹСͱȥ
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ݵô˵ǷɱҲˡ
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СǿɶֶδⱰɣ
ҡҡͷ˻֣ǶԷ˻治˽⣬ǸͲͷ˽֡˵ұҲգҲֻҵһֶΡݵֶǸɣһս˶ٻ
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ˣɱɱ𣿡
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нɫȼȻһӣʹ˻塱ȻԶȥ
ͲǴˣݲһģ
⣬Ҫһ顣ѰұʵǰһֽôҾͳں֮أȻҵһ֣ﻹǵģѷ֮һȰǻЩȥɣ
еԽԽԶԼٶȷȥ
˷˰𣬶񾳵ĹڣʵҲûҪðŷٺСһˣæˡвΪǿĶֶ˷ܶսһʵߡ
ʲôȻǷ֮ӣҲҵֵܣһ׷ȥ
׼׷ȥʱС˵ȾСݸɣȼգǳΣա
æӹ
ڲ鿴ݵƺݵעһɹϢƬ̺ҡҡͷ̾ҾȲ
ݵһƬ죬·һɻڣʱȼû


389 ˸г
ݴʥĸܵ˫Ծȥڵܽ£ƽڵϡ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰ǶݵĽ˶ۡһȵˣоֹģ˵ÿһ仰嶤
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ݴʱѾʧȥ֪۾ǱŵģеĺȻܴ͸Ƥδ͸˲۾Ĵ
塢Сܴ֡ڡҽҲΧߣԵı鶼˵ǡ
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С̾ϢһҲֻˡ

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һĻͻȻգһ۾бȤζԡ
һ֣ݶʱһĸо
ĿеǸȲЦˣھȻ˵Ƥ
֪ʱǷ
Ů˶ˣŮƺͰ˵Ĺϵ٣˵ֶܵεǲҵŮôߣ
Уϴͳ϶μιڱīϰڡ椡
̾ţ˸г


390 ѩ
ͬռ֮Уʥĸܽһ˵Ļ棬һȴǼΪҵɱ
֮УʼһߴսǰҲʼһȦŭ𣬻е˫ͻһɫɢγǸֱӽ˻ΪĺȦǺսߴûлˣÿһҲûС
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սʿ֪ݣηȴݣ˫ߵĺȦս
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֪䣬ǧ˱սȥڤ硣
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Ҳȥ˫ֵǽ˫ϿУ˫ȭȥ
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̧ͷѩȥʱѩݺݵ˦ۣȻ󸫳˹ȥ
馵ԽԽ󣬾޴ӰѽȫסۿҪУ


391 飬顣
󸫵ӰͷųĺΪһ壬û֮Уѩӳ˱ִӿռóһѹ
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һĶˮһǳɣû˿ͣͣеֻ˳ԭӳֻǻӣȴ¡
ѩǿսķʽȴǼΪǧҪ馴ֲ
ȻѩҲû뵽ǣȴѲǺ֮Уǳӳȥһ˫֪ʱѻصУ˫ѩȥ
Ǭ֣
ѩٴʹûȫ馵˫𿪣ֻǵһ
ѩȥ
馳ʤ׷һڳѩѹ¡
ѩ馱
ѩٶȿ죬馱졣
жѹס
һ򵥵ĽѩǴ·硣
սǱߣʱʱĿΪ쵼ˣѩΪ۹ǵʵлῴ˾ȫս馵ս²࣬ٳ֡ѩȫʤûеʧܵĴȻҲԳ֣֡ҲҪ㾡ȫ
ڣλƽʱɽ¶ˮĴȻһһս˭ע
սȻɱң˫ڴͣȻЩո˵ڿ϶䳯馺ͳѩǱһֻۡǿһۣս󻹻ŵĻպΪ綼ǼΪа顣
ǻĴѩȫʤȻСЩˣ˵ľҲǼߡ
馺ݺݵĻһѩ󸫺³˻ȥóһѽ
Ϊı顱
齣һѩУ˶ʱɢһ˵Ϣ飬ǼΪ飬ȻҲոһ긴һĵӡΪ飬˾еﶼ㲻ʲôһרն˿Ľеھʱϵˡ
ѩĽû޼ɸҲȲϣִ馷·һѽ
һȥսĲǽ˿
˿εģȴεġΪÿ˶˿ֻǲԺϰ
һ˶飬˿ܽࡣ˿࣬˾ͻʹˣǲûκ˿ͻյģ˾Լį¶
˿һҪУȴܹࡣ
ѩһ̳ȥȴǿԺ˿Ծͳͳࡣ
һʱ䣬뵽˺ܶ뵽˿йص¡
齣ȴǶ飬飡
뵽飬Ӷ顣
ǧ˿ǧ˿ǧ˿
һͻȻ֮ǧ˿ǸͲҪٳ֣ԼҪˡ
Ȼ˿ֵʱ˱仯Ŀ¶Լٶȷű仯͵վųѩĽԽԽȴȻһûκβӡ
齣ӳЧǧ˿ס馣Ȼѩ׵ذһ̽馵ࡣ
ڽ⼴ؿڵʱϵͻȻһ١
Ȼһɴ馵ڱѩ𿪡
ıƹһƺ̡
ں֮еؿųѩԣ˵齣ýǺý
ѩ𿪣ڰз˼ȦƽȵأӽһȻָ馣ֻ֪˽Ի飬֪齣ȴࡣ
ҡҡͷǺܿϧ齣޺һսϳڻʹﳤνֻżܵһ˿ůŮ˷棬Ҹѭ浸أȫƾšֺʲôϵ˵飬Ҳֻǽύֵܡǧ˿ǧ˿˵ǧҶ֪ûУ齣ҺΣ
Աϣ馾˫ʱųââȽȽڴͷһͬû˫һ֣˫ӹĹ켣ϾһȺȺĺɫȡ
ΪҶĶɵĶɣ
ѩӹһâ֪齣Ĳ࣬ʵⲢʲô¡Ϊ齣Ƕ齣ô齣Ȼ˶ô꣬Ǿ飬Ҳ顣
Ĩâѩ˫ӳʱѩִ̳һ
һǧ˿ǧ˿˲䱻նϣ
飬顣
ɵʱȴظ顣


392 ص
齣վΪ˶顣
飬Ҫ
ѩ֮ǰһ˿ȥҪΪǧ˿աڿ֮ǰһƺ̵ֻ棬֮ǰ飬Ϊһ̵Ķ顣
е˿Խ࣬ԽḻնʱŻԽʹ
֮ʹ֮СһնȥȴʹĻᶼֱʧȥ㺡
飬ȶӲ顣
֮˾һ¶һĨĿ⡣
ʹ֮ˣôһֵûĶ
ؼǵãһ꣬ʲأⱻΧסֱʿ뿪һΣʲʮ죬ڱʮ졣ʮ첻ھֺͽȴѰ˼¡Ϊ֪Ǹʴʱȥκ׼ϵ⣬пܳΪ»ʵǻƷʮӺͶŮ飬벻
ʿֵܱͷ˷ǹٵȥʵǱϳȥ񾩣εϣ֪ʱԼΪһ·ĵغͻʹľ޴죬˹ӺͶŮȻߣ벻
ʼݱ»ʵǻһһıᡢɱҲֵһھжȹӺͶŮ֣ȴδֵ֪̿δ벻һ죬̲̣Ѵ㹻ʱķ̤ϸӻֵ̿δӺͶŮȻ̤δ֪ǰ·벻
飬ĮӶŮݲ벻棬ܲһ֣һůļңȴһļңûиĸ׵ģԸ׺ɷݸĶŮӡ
ȥ飬ʵȴ˭顣
ڣѩҪһնеôһ㺣ǲҪҪ꣬һУ

֮ȴ飬֮ȴ顣ѩúݣһԻͣѴδܼڳ͢齣ڻ硣Ҿһֵܣһڶϰɣ
ӭŶ齣ٴν˫УȻչ˫ۣʱȫըһŨŨ֮Уһɫһһһȴֲģ
壡
ǱϿе˫£ֽסʱ˫֮ǰһ˫źɫĹâζʱγɵĹ켣ȴһצ
壬馵ԺɲǼһƬհףǱѾ
û飬㲻ᱻ顣
еֻ޾ܹݻиһС
һʹ馹ȻܹݵԳѩĶ齣ˣĶ齣ɵǰС
ڶ齣һֱ̣ۣеľ޴˫ѩͶȥ
馵˫ÿһôߣÿһ涼˼ԡһͶȥͬһٱܵսսڰƶĹЩһţһԵķ׷׳ѩȥ˫ûѩʱ򣬳ѩѱ޴ȺΧס
սѩٿ齣ʧս϶ʱһɱ͵ơ
ѩ·ʧĽɲǼʧȥκϢڱ˲ɱһ
һȺһȺγ˾޴ĺһͬĢưٵϿշȥռУһֱԺɫΪɫʱȻֵĺɫ˲ΪռΪעĿĵط
ɱսԵͣ٣˶仯ÿ˶֪ѩ׶༪ˡ
馵Ļǿס˳ѩĶ齣壬Լûκθ顣ʵѩѹסȴǾǿʵ׺
ʵȻǴϵѹơ
źϳ˼Ϊࡣ
֪ʤʤˣЩˡ
ɱѩҲ֪ѩҲɱһսȴǱز⡣ÿ˶һֻԼ·ÿ˶ҪɵʹʵʹȻûѡ
馻ı۾ֱӵķʽΪѩĬ
ԼһܣǶԳѩĵ˵ġ
ռ䣬޷硣
ȡ
źɢɢٶȺÿһڶ˵ΪҪļΪϸ
֮УȴΪĻ棬ǿȥΪɾɫ
һɫתѩмγһĽ硣֮УˣлսģеﶼüΪأٶȼΪ
Ƥ΢΢һʱſ˫Ȼûҵѩɫᾧ֮лƶƶٶȷǳһȥΪǱסˡ
Ϊɫᾧһĺ
໣
һХһĹâӳѩϳϿջһɫľͷһ󣬻Ϊһ޴ס
һ̣ռһһͬǼ亮¶ȣÿռе¶ȶࡣ
ͷųϢ˲䱻ɢ
Ѿ޴սѽһ˪ЩɫսڲҲᱻʻ
ſ˫֣ѱɳȥսصС˫ֽӴһɲǣ馸ܵļµı䡣̧ͷַһڳѩϿյף˵С
¶棬ѩ΢΢ףȻӴ࣬Ҳһֱйİ
ֻ֪˽һЩῡܣһ֮ӡȴ֪͵ˣҲˡ
ѩʮ㴳ãʮ걻ȻʷΪ۹ȻʼݱŹȥ꣬Ȼʮδķͻҫȴûһ˿Ҳйڱ¶Լ˵ݣֽȴĵ
һַԱܵһ޷ڲصơ
ѩʮδ׳ܲϣЩСȴǸǰΪǰЩСһͬΪˣȷ벻
̹Եҵȷû뵽
ѩ΢ЦЦĽȴ˸еʵҳΪ˵ʱҲһˡֻʱţϰˡŴ֮УõеǸ˰ɣ
˵صĺܺá
ѩôЩұжȹ˪⣬û֪һݡ
һӵĿ⿴ųѩʵ㺦ʲô
ѩҲʲôֻǿƽ
馵Ȼѡ㣬ע޷ƽ
ѩЦҵıϣҲˣôɱңҾܳƽˡ
馵ҵļѩһֱװûʲôϵȴװơҪ֪ҲҵĶ֡ľ磬ֻڡ


393 һӳ
дмķ磬ѩ馵ķҶ΢΢Ʈ
˵ԼΪ磬ѩͷ֪ѵ񾳺ڣʴ֣ղֵһˡƽҿһֱܲȴ
ʵΪʲô
ѩֿ˵ΪҵĶ㡣˵ҵһսźҪƴȫ
馵ͷлл
ѩ΢΢һЦ漴֡
ȷ籩
ѩһԾֻһɫɢɫĹ⣬ȫµƬһɡѩŲȵɫϣһµĿ⿴馣˫ֻ𣬶ʱΪģһԲεĺ򡣺зѩ缱ٵĴѩҵƮܿγһı
ռеķǺϻȫͬεĻ棬ĻǲܱȻĵ¸̵ġǷ˵Ļȴıȷ籩ת£ڵ涼
οˣ
תۼ䣬ǲҲѩǡ
ţѩǲ̡
Ҳһˡ
ûκη϶⻬ƾıˣ
ȷ籩ûֹͣΪѩ֪ôֹͣڱ˱ˣǺûиϣǲ׵ɱ馡ѩǶԼûģ֪馵ʵͬСɡ
ȻסǾһֱȥͬʱĥһһ뵽ѩӴȷ籩Ըҵ̬ת
ɫһ㣬Լ˿УµıѸٳȷ籩ȥڷ籩Ͽʱʱſѱ馵ı³һźķ籩
馱ıԽԽԽԽᶨ¶ҲԽԽ͡
Ҳûܿ
ҲԳѩҲΪ
Ǳ˾ôȷ籩룬˿·بͲ


馺ͳѩֵʱսĿ޼ɾЩĿռҪλá
馺ͳѩľܸӡѾ֪ѩܱĸ׵ҪСƺĸйܴ۸ӵ¡»ôãѩȴһֱܳԣܿóĸĵġҲܸܵõĸ׵иܣԳѩĸоҲֻܲǾһЩ²Ͻܳѩĳհ
һǺĸǧ˿ƹϵˣһǴԼӶԼ֪֮Я֮ˣҲϣ֮ľ档
ϣ鲻ϣĵ˷ҪʱȻ޷˵վߡ
һɱˣһ˼´ӲϵˡҲ֪Ҫκ飬ͱҪۡ´㲻̫Ը⸶ġҪͱҪи
ͨؼսϷɱԳѩµսʿûκ顣
ೡսһ޼γһ޼ϣǾһ壬һ̨ոĻʬҰ
Ѿϰɱ¾ʽִ˲ƣ
ⳡսϣ޼ҲʹѧµĻĺУ޼ҲնڵնǵҪǰһΣսľȴֻǷһô򵥡
ֵնɱĵоǱҲ˶Զˡ
ѩĴ󻤷֮һҲǴˣܵļҲδܽɱУѾԽԽҫۣѳɳΪе˫ָĴģ޼䣬Чʼߡ
һǳ޽ͷųȥĽһǰɱ档
޵һ׵ŮˡŮ˵ĳʮͳѩмƣһȴ˸оĳʵǲϡ˵ôʶǳֱɡ
ﲻɱͣǰɣ˲ˣһŻ굤һ굤ǣа类ʮذ˽ˣúǺһС˺㣡
ǳ˪½޼ߣߵŮ˺ѶԸҺѰһһºľҲҪȫɱˣǶû˶ֵá
޼ɳĬͬ˵
Ůˣҿô˺ңվ޼ǰ棬Գ˪˵
˪ʱŭ˵Ůˣ
ЦĽţŮʲô
˪ʱ𳤱ޣŭһӳ㣡


394 Ķ
Ů˻װ
Ĳ£öɱһγһذ׳̵У˪ĳ޵ֵס
˪һδɣֳڶޡ
ͬѵڶҲֵסһȴɵ˺˼
˵
˪Ȼ˵ֱɣ࿡ΣҲᣬȻñ˺Ůˡ޳ȥõ˱޾ļ¡
ʱһɫӰԾǰ޼ɣ޼еĽ
Դ޼ɺԹھǳΧʹ󣬴Ӵ˶ʹҲûʲôɻˡҲˣĮǳӣĶֶǺǰһεġĿǰľ磬Щֵмֱͬһ㣬ʹĻսʵ̫ˡսζʧܣ
޼˼ûô࣬ʱΣգûж룬ӽϡ
޲ϣڽӴųĺâϻ
оУȻҪˡ˪Ȼ޼ɵ˲м޼ɲûΪֲмԼȻճǺǳΪ޼ɣ֪Լڳ˪һĲֵΪĲ˵һС
Խ룬޼ɵԽһйܷߺޡ
ΪΪʱʹն
նһʹս϶ʱһƾúصϢ˪ȻǸӵĸԣȴǸΪиˡննϵǹȥնϹȥĸ飬˪
˪еĳջأϵס·һԶ
һ̣ǰһӣƾúصĺϢ·ʱʲôסһ
޼һ֪һ޷в˪ʹĵڶն
ȻնĹȥôһҪնڡ
˪˫һһֻҲӳһƣʱǹȻٴμǿ
ɽ·ܴݻٵκХų޼ɺϮȥ
ʱһ׵˲֪ʱѳ޼ǰһ֧йٱʣ¶Ƥڵģȴܰס
йٱʣָ˪ִ޼ִϣ˴ǰƵ˵޼ɣŭ¡
Ҳ֪ⷬʹ˾޴ܡΪ˵һ仰ʱնǳ˪ɽ˲·һ
˵ˣˡ
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˫ֱȭҾȭйٱʣĻѩʵȻǳ͢ͻǿģ˶֪оѩ£
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ޣѩͻȻȵʲôҪװۣѵ⸱ģˣ
Ц˵ѩǲˣùھǣҶǣҹ˼
Ҫǰֻӣ˪ƺֺܷС
õģȻѩҲǡڵǺˣֻʧˣԺû˷ˡ
Ժû˷ˣӴǣǺѩһֶϤĿ⿴񣬵Ҿ֪ǺǱǺˡ
ɾԩˡ͵͹ھʧûκιϵ֮˵ֻҾãԹھ̳սʵʧˣǿ϶ʵǿĴͣǴͲη̨Ҷ֣һлĻ᣿
˪ʵĲǸɵģ
鼫Ϊ棬ʵбҪƭôѾ͹˼Ӻھ£ѵбҪ
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ңҾҪҵŮˡͻȻ˵һ仰
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˲åҲǻǡù˵һ䣬Ȼͳ˪Ĺ࿹⡣
Ŵ۵Ĺսײ


սһߣȷ籩ɵĺ򻹴¶ȱ֮ǰͣɫ֮ǰޡһĨ֮ɫ·ռеһء
Ͽգɫıչ᰿裬вͣżϢÿһϢ䣬ЧҪӾһ㣬ѱɱ˵馷·Ӽˡ
ѩңңվں⣬лȴͣЪĴŽӡջȴֹɫһάϵȷ籩ĳ
꣡
ѩⷽûֹͣڱҲκζıȴ⡰ꡱһ³ơ
һƳ֣űǼƵת˲顣
Ƭɢһأȴվ
ɫȫºһһϸˣŷð
ʱ˿̣ǺɫǴɫ
ļ¡
ǳѩ˳ȣ˵Ȼ۷ڣ


395 һ
馵ܺ׳ֳܱһŴеڵ̫
ⲻ֮ǰǴɫҲƷΪϵȵ
۷ڵۣ֮
Ĺס馣һ̷·̫֮ӣһգһ̧ųĹâܽɫû
ƽĿ⿴ųѩ˵սǰҾ˵㲻ҵĶ֡Ѿܹٵľ硣ֻҪ׼ܷһУҾͻȥ١ȻҺ⣬ϾֻڣҵĲ̫󡣡
ѩû˳馵Ļ˵ȥ¶ɫʵʵҺ⡣۷壬Ĵͣǿ֮ΪĴڡһʡ
˵
γɹˣΪ˾һε㻹ȥ𣿡
ͻȻԡ
Ĭãϸֳ飬Цѩ㲻ֵܣ֪Ī㡣ʵһÿ춼Լ⡣
ѩ馵ľᡣ
۷ڵĴͣһֻʮ꣬ǻ統֮šôضһԻһ;ǳȰˡˣ϶ڻվߡܹվۣ֮ȥժеǳ
۷Ѿܸˣɹٺ󣬻ֽһµĴšǸĴڣѲǿܹݵġΪ˵ڵĶˣߡΪһͣ˭Ϊߣһңɣ
馳Ϊ˻ʣ˽ʵĵһˣϵ²죬Ͳ׵ȥˡΪ٣Σա
ܺܶ۷ڵĻͶٳɹɹپǿߵĴţͬҲкܶ۷ڻڶٵĹСΪٲֻǶһΡ
پ󾳽ҲΪһЩС磬ÿСĽҪɽ٣ɲͬ١
Ƕɹһ٣Ϊپ̬ͣͻᷢ仯ͻŶɹߵ٣ΣվͻԽԽࡣ˻ʵݣȻǲʵġ
᲻˻ʵĵλҲԼеҫȨע˵װƵ㣬Ҳ²ҸעΪûذµĺûʵۣ²϶ǲҸġ
ЩҪǵ⣬Գѩдһʡ
ѩž馣ʵͨ𣿡
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ҲɣѩЦЦһᾡȫ㣬㲻پᡣ
ǾͿûˣڵˣ۷ҲеһƴģҪɱңҲûлᡣ
Ҿ
ҲҼȥ
ѩ΢΢һЦ
Ҳ΢΢һЦ
˱ԡ
ɫصѩͷȻ黯ȻɢΪɫǹ⡣ѩ˫֣صػӶƣЩɫǹҲɢ֮ͻȻɫΪƮɫѩ
ɫѩƴѩ
Ŵѩģһ̹ǵĺ硣ɲ֮䣬ԺɫΪɫռгһƬɫѩѩķΧܹ㣬ֻѩ馶סһսһսúܶɱսʿܵӰ졣
ǳѩһѩء
ѩءȥûСȷ籩ôϬôңΧ㣬һˮܵģʽõ˳ܵѩϮٶ½½ս½
ڷѩ֮УûкͿʼһɱˣֽŽӲжûƽʱô㡣
Ļ֣ʱųҵĹԣһĻ棬·ڱѩԳһС磬ԼܲѩϮ
ԱѩΪһЩΧԵĻЩʵʺݣսܷӳ޴Ч㲻ݣڳ͢ĵλµսԶ֮ϡܿϧǣҵľЩΧԻҵĲ󡣡
Ҳɡѩ˵һ䡣
馲ٻػͻȻ
͵ǰһȭʱŨȭ䣬Ȼһɫ
ݵʷϵһҲƣ̺ܵݵĻȫ馵ĳһΡ
ͬһֻڱѩп񱼵ޣ¶͵سѩȥ
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馵ʴزǱʱʱ̷̿ϡԣƾɱң
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馵һսӮˡûеʴأѾˡ
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ҹɫ룬ռеɫԽԽһÿ˶ܵһǿҵѹȸУµĵ濪ʼһż߹ԵϢռ䲢һһĸо·һҰ޵θڷĹҪθʳ
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ʱһɫûڰ·𱻺ڰһ
С˧Ӱδɶһ¡
Ѿ棬ܵơ
ͻȻƿڴ˧ˣҪյö࣡


397 
ڻĮ˺ܽǣ಻ڻĮȴǡеĽǣҲԴԻĮ
Į֮˺ŪĮ֮оʲôͨԴԴϵ鱨ͣԲ֮ͨȻѶϤһУҷĵš
񾩣ʹ
ĮƼʻ˼ͻ֮ĹעĮȥˣ񾩺ͳϵټʹָģЩʼ̵ְֽʵ۴񡣾ܵʦĪ£Ī̵ֻʵ۵ѧҵ£ĪҲԼҪˣȴʵʵڲ岻֡
ܵϵʦȵλţòˡȡû취ѡؼʱʵûĪȥ񾩣۾ȴڻĮĿȴ˱ȻĮңԶĵط
һ̵ˣʵɢһΣһһһһϴͳڿεƵĽԭĵúú˳ȹսǵŵ˻ʵ۵顣
߽˲֪ǻʵĳһ̫ܹһŮʵԭɣȷǹŮŽãԺܶ๤Ǻ˳֣һЩ
»ʹÿ춼ᷢҾԲֹʮԶԶûеҪʵԹʵĵزʵˣȴ֮
ǴͷͬһֻܵŵӰĹŮʵץ֣ĵطһۣʵ﹫Ūİɣ
յ̫ܹæ˵ػϵĻūŪġӶѣѾͷȴС¶ãӾ˹Ϣǳ˴ǰ칫ɾʹˡūͽѵѵ
ܹ˵̹ϣҲȷʵʵʵϵûʲô仯ʵйĹɣĴӦ
ػϣҪӵġ
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˼ܹ֪Ǵ򲻳ˣæȻˣȫƾϴá
ʵ΢΢һЦ޾ͲˡȻץŹŮ֣㷸˴ܹܳͷǶԵģҲǺͣҲ˶٣ĳȡȻ˹УǻǵΪԺúÿǵġܹܶףǶãϣܳԡԺˣȥ̺󹬵ЩˣǾ鷳ˡ
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Աϣʵۺӹ򵹵ǰȥ
󻹴ܹܶԹŮ˵ѽãȻ϶˵ɣɡ
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ἰԼĸףʵ΢Ц𣿡
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ʵ۵ҵЩȴԾ̫ܵӣȴû˭δĻʵۡ
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һƬǰʵͣ˽Ų΢ͷ˵ʱ룬ǲˡڣѾʵˣ˺Ƕȥ⣬ʲôҲûе嶼ʧȥ˺ֻʣˣȴеġ
ϣأʵתȥ
һݣüͷʱ£ÿһΪ¿ǣΪɽǡҲΪԼˣȴΪǴġţȵЩǣֱѡ̳ˣҲӦˡȻӦˣͲԼӣҪЩ֣ھ汻ľǱˡҺСʵڣҲԱסµĻλ
ʵͻȻץס֣̾ǧҪᣬû˼ϵļƻҲ޴Ӧ˵ģĶ֮ˣֻЩ˸СС崫ϢħɽѿܶһĴͺһľӢﶼħڣϷƽ˾ĮʱڷʮһεĴսĻ̡̻ο˵ͿѾˡͿǺεúܡˣָʲôӣ
ԣ¶һĨˣٳû˵
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̾ϢͿһڹĶڳ͢ȷǳ֮͢ʹ
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ⶼʦˣҲж׹ﰲȥˡ˶٣˵ͿʱӦǱУǺľԪ룬ʲôǳĵˣ˵˵Ȧסֻ˲òȥȵˣԼ
òȥȵˣʵʵѵΣգΪ˾Լ
ܡϾһ𡣡
ʵ˼һᣬ˵˷Ҫ͹У󣬶ҲǸ
üͷڵľѾúܸˣûȥĮ֪ʵΡҪ֮ӵĲֻǷһˡħԿɽţСѾȥˣһȥʲôⶼӭжġ
ʵЩǵ˵С˷ˣ˭
˵ҡҡͷ˲ڻĮ
Ϊ˵϶
ܵˣһǷˣһͿͿʱܸӦĵΪܡͬΪܣҶԷҲһЩӦҾãԽԽˡ
ʵ۶ʱһʵѵˣ
ûܡ
ʵ۵֮񾩺ͻʹ󷨶Σģʽ֪ܲ󷨵ѵҴ
ͻȻ΢΢һЦϾûҴĵط
ʵͻȻԡ
һô˽ӣֵû̶֡ѨҶȥȥֺαҪ
ԵϿգһŮ˵
ʵ۵ɫʱһ䣬ȴ˵κεطûη壬ǴƺĲκ塣еʱηĲĳطסĳطĳˡ
ҳɹ磬Ӵ˾Ͳֵֶη塣
̧ͷһӰһһ£صı۾ȻһԵüΪ͵˵ˡ


398 ˫ã²
˴Ʈ棬ǱĻסһ
ΪŮˣƺֲݡ
˼ĴѲȫ֮ϡ
ŷ˴ܸӣʵ۵ıܿ־塣
˿Ƶ£ͬƮ⣬屾ܱ㲻κζȴˣʵ۱Խ־塣
УʹƽղʽȥĽأҴɱ֮ʹϺɱʱʱ̶̿ǡڻĻͶԣǲѻʹʲôĵ£ǾµǻʹĴڹеĴ͡˲֪ʹ󷨣ȴǳЩζʲô
ǻһ˵ЩǵҴʹĻ͵ķĹ
ˣȴ˵ƵᡣƺûʹĻҲûʩչʲôܣ˳ͨ˻ʹ󷨣Ȼĳڻʹǰ
ʵһ룬ŮҪɱԼԼڻʹ
ʱ˿̣ʲôʼҵҵ϶翵ģʵۺʶȥ˵
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ܵ˻ʵ۵ľ֣ǰһжοСʵۡ
˿һ۶Сʵֳۣȥ̫үһΪӣȴ˼ȻסһȴһӵĹ
û˻ҵɹ²ᣬȵҲᡣ
һ˺˵Ѫ½ǣˡƬϣԼ˵һ
ū˵Ĺǻʵ۵Ĺǧۡڹʷ֮УôһЩ˴ڹλϣȴû˸ҳƺΪһˣ˭һһ˵һϽӲйˣǶˡû˲ηķŭ
ȴη塣ǹͿԵôĺ죬·ʹ졣
ȴǳȶɫ糣ûΪһƽ˵һҵʹ
Ϊһ̫һҲʹȴûɣһ̯ӣó͢뼫ȱľ档
΢΢۾ţ󣬲ͷ
ߣһ
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СʵۣҺôһԱ˫ɵˣ֮˵ǲǸûرһ£
˺ȻԻʵ˵񣬶ûһ˿Իʵ۵𾴡·УȨһҪӵ⡣
ʵ΢΢һͣԴΣû˶ҪҪرܣҪһʵۻرܣϵȷûж
ʵȻҪ󣬺λǿվһܵĳѹѹѹǳܣܵһգһκôĲڡ
ʹļңҲȨܵȨĿУϵҫйڣ
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ȻԻ鲻ôҲ֪Ƿ˶ԻʹвЩʲôڸ֣ŵĴͣǹʦáס˵ģֻˣһһС塣СڻĮֻˡ
ʵ֮󣬻ǰ˶ݵ
Ƿ·аһ۾ŷˣ˱µĿҲ˾þò
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ҿ˱ⷬ˵÷ǳ϶·ֻҪ˵һ仰Ļǧƽϲ¶췴ľͻ˱һ
ȴûһ˿ţ֪馸̾Ƿ˺еĵʴء
ʵҪʲô
˵ҪС
أû˵ȴȥˣɼԷ˺˽⣬֪ҪĲֹһ
Ҫ뿪͢еȨ
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ЦҺòװнӹΪ˶㡣ǰ㣬Ϻҷô죿֮£ΨŮСҲұһԼԵûʲôôԵ͢ȥȵۣ
¶һʧҷ˾ˣ
ƽᶨ˵ֻǲŮˡ
ߡ֪ЩʲôƵģԭҲһΪǼ¹ڻǸŮ˺ͻӵЩ£һɵģŮϲ㣬Ϊ㣬£㣬һĻҵûӦڹȻҲֻһӹ׸ˡ
Ƿˣ㲻ӹס
Ѿˡһ͸Ϊסӣȴ뵽վǰУΪһӡ
粻ϲŮˡ
⻰ѵϲˣ
֮꣬Ҳнҵĳ֣Ϊ㡣
ⷬƨֱͺ͵Щαһ
΢Ц㾡ԽԽ˵˵¡κδڶ㣬˵
ȴЦ֪ʲô磬ҺƣΪǰһΪݰȥ
ƣѵڻ磿
ȻһѪ½ģҺĹϵȻܡѪ½Ƕ۷Ĵڣ磬֪ԼǶôĲ㡣Žᣬۣ֮ǱǼõϣ뿪ǣΪһ
п첻кýģѾˡֻȥʱ۹ܲʢܰҵ󣬶ܹķɻڴѪС
ѵ㵽ڻףΪĵݲŻᶯ
治ס
ԼݴĻңѪ½ĻңԼѪҲѪ˫ãȻᰲΪ¶Ϊȵ۵ļݱΪĶΪ췴ʵµĲΪĳ֣Զ֮ߣ֮ԶȻ
ⷬ˵ϼƵƵȵۣѲ
Цĸ־ˣΪǸˮأб°ԼһѪˣ
ָˣ㾿
ƽ˵˵ˣΪ̸еģҲϣؼͿ̿²Ҳ볯͢ٽսɱҲ¼ȥ֧˱ϣ˳ֻ֮͢һš
˳Ĭ
úͻȻ۾ŭȵԲģˣһıҾӦκҪ󣡡
ͻȻ֮·һ㣬ȷ˻ӳһȭߵķ˴ȥ


399 ڵң
ܵסһȭ˲ࡣ
ڷڵλã˽ľ룬Ҫסһȭס
⿴ͨһȭȭ磬˲ؼγһ֮⡣һȭ˽ʹ·Ϊ죬µĴط·𣬾ǻʹصΪһȭ궯
һȭз˵ؿڣû˿飬·Ͳʲôϧ
ϺܳסһȭҲ˻ԷŮ˳ȭȴĴһȭ޷ܵһȭ˺ٻӭȭͷŮϡ
һȭڷǰĵطԭκʱ֮ؼ˻Ĺâ
Ĺâһֻ˫סĻˡ
ڻ˱⣬ȭؼ䷭ڣдػͨһȭûʹһ
ǰ˫Ļչ廯𻨣Щ𻨶һֻֻĸСĻˣзȥɵͷųȭ⡣
һȭս⣬ôԵô
ȻΪλҪȥǵؼĵʵȻ־ˣȻʹĴηסҵսֻ궯ȴ޷󡣡
΢Ц˴껻ʴأҷ˼ʹٴҲġ
ʵھʲô磬ѵѶ׽ô
˵Ȼѡ˽ֿսǻʲô겻֪𣿡
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͵һͣһǰһƬڰ
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µĻڷۼ޴ĻɽڱðݣʱʱĻһֻֻ˴Ӻϴܳ
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ʹַԵеģЩʵԶڶֵˡ˺ʵƺһΣȴԼľ磬ðա
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֮ǰȭȫһһȭ
Ϊһȭȥ֮󣬷˵ľＤĹ
ʵʵʵʵ׵磡
һȭ󣬽µ۽ɢԶĻɽٴα
εı۽ǻɽı
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ضɽҡ
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ڻϣܵľǸߴӰԵø룬·ֻҪһ֣˵ľͻữΪС
ǹԵͷų΢ͷȻעܹɵĻͣ׽ٶɹˣ̸ʲôɣ
ȻѾȹ׽٣ֻһΣͻپˡ
ûľ磬㷸Ĵ󣡡
ٴȭͷʮĵֻһȭľ
ǻʲô㶯ֱǡ
Ҳң
һһᣬ𲻴ӦҵҪ󣿡
ЩˣϷ磬ɷ˾Ȼ𲻴ӦԼҪ󡣷·ǲӦҪôƵġ
̺ս⣬ΪЭˣľջƻƴһҲκκϧ
֪һ֮ˣ
ˣǸ֣һֻˣԸΪ˷׳һСڵңѲ
һ٣Ȼ͵ػӳһȭ
ڵң


400 ɣ
µһӳ׽֮֮۵һȭ
ǻκͨǺܼ򵥺ֱӵһȭ
һȭȴǴǿʵ
һȭȥһ̣ѱ׵ҫķף˵ľѱŨҵս
֮ǰֱӴݻٵۼ´ɽһȭҪ֣
һȭż׺ζ·κһȭ¶ɪɪκһȭǰ촷ۣκһһȭ¶ΪС
һȭݻٵԵһУֻʣһˣһȭͷ
ڻ֮;еĻͶ֪׽ζʲôǶǳΪ֪Ƕɹ׽٣ǾѾؼκΣգǵõؼֻһܽһΪ˵ľ磡ǾܶǸ֪ȴеĶҲǷܶĿꡣ֪ԼܻߵһȴΪĿ˷ܵĻš
Ȼ϶׽پ֪ôȻûжۼһȭܼһۣǴҲ޺
ıѪ½ΪŮĴܣҲټһȭ
һȭľһı鲻֪ʲôӡ
˼žžһȭֺĻ˲仯ΪС
·һȭѴľ硣
һ˵ľǲˣ˾ͲܻΪš
ǶĴڣǻţǱȥ
Ȼȴ𺣻ΪкûдӾʧĻŵķ磬޺ۣʧȴѸա
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ڻĽţСڻķţϱıСڴּ䱼ܡûʳĴ棬ûץӥûжСвߣûɱ¾ûսûٳռʹɺҹֻܿӭһµİ졣
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̵֪ⲻǷ˵ĻҲʲôԻĵͨһַԱܵĸܡ
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ȶ˼£Щ汻ɢ˵廯ΪΣЩ滯ΪǷʱģ
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Էǽ볤ĻͣΪɡ
ҪɹǼѣҪǼֱ붼¡Ż͵ռĿȻǳɣʵǶȹ٣ɾͰɣȴûΪˡ
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Լջгɵһ죬ָģҲǱΪɵĳ
볤ֻһֻҪٶȹһ׽٣ܳΪɡ
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ͻȻ֮䣬ܵԼС
ʲôµһˡԼŮ˶ѱԼǿˣ˼ټԸ
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ЩŭͺȵֱǺ˵˵вһСӣж˼
¶һЦݣѪ½ʼҵѪ˴˵ķѪҺ˵Ǹֵˣ룬ҵЩšЩڣġ
˵ҵԻȥɽǱޣΪ
ҵʵҵ˵ɽѾ˭ҵˣܴͿӳû˭ҵ
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ĬƬ̣˵ҵΪѾȥĮˡ
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˭
ҵĺöӣͿĺͽܡڤڤ֮еϲжһϽ棬ôʱضҲΪһ
ĺöӣ˭ΪĶӡ
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֣΢΢һ㶣漴ʵĻСģ
Сġ
˿ĿⷢһЩı仯漴ЩЦ
ϲ㣬ϲһöӣ
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Ȼû˵ƣ֪ʲô˼ֻ̾Ϣҡҡͷ
ˣ˵Ҷ˵ˣ㿴Ҳˣеϣٸһλᣬһλᡣ
˱۾ٴʱѳĮĹ⡣
Ҫ㾿Ը⻹ǲԸ⣿


401 
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ĸ֣һ仰йϵ³ڷ˵ľը졣
Ϊ仰ңܵСΪ仰ͣ½ŲĲݣͦεƲʣ⣬Ϊһ仰ûҰ
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Ȼˣ֮Ѿ޻˵ˣһ̡
΢ЦΪȥɱһ㡣
ԣ̫үѾˣѾһˣһα߶Ҫɱģһ²ڲ˵Ĵˣ
ֱͦˣڷ˵ľ֮УĿ档
һӭģԥվû֣ʹɱС
֦ͣͷķ˷ߣ绯ΪһŻǵԼٶȥ
뿪˷˵ľ磬
ȭͷ飬˵ľͬ顣
˵ˣǱ˴֮ĳ޺ֶֻĵ˸Ӿҡ
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Ϊؼһ˲ʹ껻ʴص
껻ʴͻȻֵܵס˳ȫһ껻ʴصһ֣ʱʹķӡƳҽʹȡ˹γһֽ˶ı㡣Ϊ㣬ס˷˵һ
Цɱҡ
Щȵ˵˵ȷѾˡʶôļƣǺֶΣȻ껻ʴضŪˣСʵ۶Ѿˡ
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ŵͷƺڵŷ˵仰Цҡҡͷʵȥķȥ
߷ɹϳᣬϴ߹֫ݶήлߵһҵľ껻ʴصͻʹʱڳ⣬Ŀ⣬ĺÿһǿҵɱ⡣κοˣʱңңıܿû˭ӭĿ⡣
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֪ұ½һ
ʲôϣҪʲôȥǣ޽ʲô衣
غڳ͢ĶߣǶԱºȵ۵Ĳ
ӣʵۺɵʵϾҪʲô

ĸأһ˵ʵ۾æ˺˼þֺ;Ŀ⿴˵ʲôȴ·˵촽ڲͣض
ϣ㡭ãʵ۲֧֧³֡
üᶨĿ˵ֻеõ˾Ҳаյֵεѡ
ʵ۵ͷûлػ
Ҳվǰ
ʱ˿̣ͻʵγɵ棬һڱҳСӣͷ廹ڲ·ļҳʱԼһ
ʵۼѵ̧ͷϵ龹һսϽʿļ㣬ϣվҪô
üͷЩ֣ʵ£Ҳ˼
㡭ʵ϶ǰѻ˵꣺Ҫλô
ʱһݡ
ʱ·ֹһ㣬鷿ǰ˼ȵĳ
վԵС̫ཫͷ͵£ȫڶͣ·ҪԴ·ȥһ
Żʵֱۣʵ۲ӭĿ˵¾ô
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˵ˣ»ڣʲô˵ʲôһ֮мɲҪˮ
ǡ˵ҲΪ̫ǿơڸϵǰ޸ܲʵ۵ϡ
ԭˡ΢ͷ̾Ϣʵѵûһñ¸ܵѹ
ʵæ֣Ǹòã޶ˣһ޶ˡ
˵ǽһ
һ̣ʵǰС̫ʱһȻ󵹵
ɱС̫ʵȥ
ʵ۶ʱʧɫ


402 ;̫Լ
껻ʴغͻʹȻڳ⣬ڻʵǰѾˣ޷Щȫѹɱ˺Լʵ۾ŵȥͷһƬңȫ֪ҪʲôԺΪ뷨ҪɱΪҪԼΪһ֮ˣɱԼʵ۵뷨Ҳ˵ͨˡ
ˣһˡ
ԴӿӵǻΪʣʵԺʮӰӻ֮ȥЩӰĻǡӵǻʮӰӣԺָһƬȴ֪ԺʮӰȴһӰӡ
Ӱӣ
ۣĸоʵ۶֪Լ˵вʵֿܣֿܶλûзܳҳҲվڶĴЧԼʵۺЩǿޱȵ޷ɽ
Ϊڻݡ
ֻ֪Ϊ׵µһˣȴ֪ڻҲµһˡۼʶ˷˵ʵһֱµһȥ
֪Լ޴в󣬻ʵȻΪֻÿ쵣²ͣԼԼ̫ȵ۶żĸ飬ҳԶӵ͢ͳλӺԼԲᡣ
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Ҷں
ȻЩ˵ȫ˶Ҳûϵȫ˶ҲûϵΪ֪ΪǷ򣬱ңҾ㹻
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Ҳ뵽ȴҲǲҡ
˵ȻЩɳƵ˵ҳǸ磬Ҫʵ۵ġһУΪһŮݴءʶ̫̫ΪֵܣҲ̫Ϊµһ˽ܡҺ̫Źͬ롣ǵ벻Ǵ˽Ľɽô򵥣ŸΪԶ룡
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˻ʣҪͳɵɵۣ
ǺεȵɣǺεȵĺ
һʱ֮䣬ʵ̫ıжҳϡ˳æվס
ȴǲʵ۸壬Ǳ¶ŲʹǵеһаɣҪɱңҲһüͷ˵ǣҪɱңҲҪҰͷɽ˵ֻҪǶˣ´ӴԺûоСĪȻǸظ壬ΪɣԱҲҳϣĸҲܹġٹ꣬¼ʮ꣬Ҳܹһˡ
þò𣬻ʵͻȻһҲǰرס档
ޣ޺Ϳɽүүһµġүүź󣬾ĳ͢ǿϹάϵšҲܺã޾Ȼ㣡޵Ĳǣ޵Ĵ
޴˿̺޲һͷײ鷿ϣһɱģ
æּסʵ۵Ҹ££
ʵۿ˵޾Ͳ
úúáǣΣվ
ʵվҲǽرסһСӱסԼүү
ҵĸף⾸ػպκҪʲôκɵģͲú
⻰ʱޱȸжҲʵ۽رڻ
ˣ³çˣǹ֮׽ˣһʱ˵ʵŪͷԣ̫ûзִ硣
Ҫкδ㣿
ʵʣ֣ص˵ǰɡֻһܳɾͰɡҪ껻ʴصΪһҪȥһ׽٣ڷɱǰɾͰɣҲɾͰɣʤļʾҪϺܶ࣡
Ľͣʵۺܹϵ˵ã޽㣡
ЩϲҲЩ£Ҫ
ʵۼ˵޵ĶǹĶοôҲΪ˳͢ҹүүйԼպҪȥүүȥʲôɽ硣ȻˣǲɣȥүүֻҪǶԳ͢Թүү£޾岻ݴǣ
ٴʵ۹£ϵ쳣ᶨл£ҳɹЩС֮ҷ𣡡


403 Ѳк
ҹռʱݡӦɶ͢սս첽ȥСܴ֡ںͻҽöѻص˸ռС֮ǰݺеһսΪΣյһ飬ֽ˺¡ǻȡ壬ΣʱĲ벻ݺ͸ռЩǵĹϵΪˡ
Сûصʱ֪ǲеĶ֣ǾԼоһսִŸڤڶɴ뿪һҪС˵İȫһУֿܴڿҽҲǰ㣬ľȴǷ˵ıģҽúܸжݻԲʱö档
ⳡݺͻǵУСĳأҲռ˼ջ
СԳ켣˲ͬڸбչǰǽ꾳۷ڣغȻǱ굤˺ֹһΣ
СͻƣռһɼŨҵľ־ǾϵģСڳɾͻ굤굤ͱ굤ʱϢСȻؾǱ굤չҲǾС굤굤һ̡һأЩԭвͷųռ䶼һɽϢ
ݻãЩϢĴ̫ϾںСһǱ굤͡ЩϢ˵̫Ҫˡ
Ϣ£ҽ˳оǰǻ굤ͣȻ굤ᣬΪϣҪǰѡ˵ǣռڤڶɴǸ츣أɢСϢǰռ䶼˶츣ءһҽõٶֻǰӿˡǵ̬ҲܺãѰѻ굤ǰԼһľ֮꣬·ǳ˳
ͬϢ£ܴڳɾС굤Ϊһ굤Ļ͡Ȼûгɾʹ굤Դ굤˽͹Ѿ㹻ֻҪۻͻܳɾʹ굤ˡ
ϢڸռﲻһţǾþͣһʱǲɢȥġܱˣҲܿϢɾͻ굤ò˵Ȼ飬Ѳк⻰Ȼ٣ǵջǺܶġСǸռеĺһ˵ĳɳ˵ĳɳ
ŮԶʥĸܣսԽԽݺǰ棬Ӧɶں档ºӦɶ𲻾ǰԼݣΡӦɶ쵹ǷǳŵÿѰһ˵֮ľ롣ȻҪСһ֮Ϊ˴·ֻһ֡ȻϲŭɫĻһˡıУƺ˵ʲôȴûѡԴףǼϱ˴˵Ĺϵһݺ
ʶݵļҵ׺Ҳı˶ݵĿȻǿΪж߻츳һƽԼҲֻǱ𾴣ȴĵڣԼ˵Щˡ
ǣ˵ȻΣ౦һȺ£ˣΪȴǫ͵ǼΪ𾴣ȫûκμӣݸ˺øСļ°ȥˡ
ϵĴԶսϿյħС˧磬Ҫôȥ
ҹħ󷨡ϼһŵ治࣬ҲֻħڵĹһסǳȥġ˵һԼΪ£ȴһ˿ǺͲãݶԷǳ岻ѡ
ǡݱĻشҭ˵
ֵ˵Ҳ̫ڵġڽռǰյͨϢСѾĮˡǳ͢ʵǿĴˣͲóѩġ
ŵĶʱһţһָ뷨ֲ꣬ԭеף֪ôһ
ȻֵҲܰϣȫСϡСʵȻɲ⣬ҹȴ׶󷨣ɽĻҲܱȥԼҪʱעֻҪ֪ܳȥĻ;ԲܷŹ
ݵͷ⻰˵ĵǺʵڡԽΣ֮ʱԽܰϣڱϡ¶ҪԼ
ݺȻ뵽һ£ҹˣп϶Ҳûܳȥ磬УԲˡڣǺдϣǵ뿪ĮɾǾͺˡ
˼һᣬûϻشݡ
Ȼ̸ʴȣ˵һĳϵĺˡһԼֵ֮ͥ鿴ıȽءҲݵһκʱͶӡǳá֪еݺҪɱеı㲻ôС
ݲͬѾ޵У绹Ҫɱ麣˵ʹڲУԼǽǾ޴в
лûгɾʱݾЩɱгɾ
úҾͶ֡
һůлл硣
ͷȻ֮ҪһѡҵȻѡ㡣
ΪʲôָԼıӣ˵Ϊһ˶𣿡
עݣҲ˵Ϊʶ㡣
һԣҵĺ磬ҹϱˡ
۾ƳһۣݴսһЩ˵ܣӦɶﲻóϲ㡣˵ҲӦú˵˵
ݵͷȳȥɡ
ݵĻشȴ⣬ҡҡͷ˵еĶܵȣеĲܵȡǳȥˣˣҲź
ݵɫʱƳһۣ磬Ҳ룬һû취ֿ
򵥡΢΢һЦͣ½Ųȥ˰ɣϴֻǴ˵еȰɣ
Ǹ֮ˣҲΪʱѯԼ⣬æӦǵģ
Щ̽һ£ܷ
Ȼԣ
˵ţ峯Ӧɶ˵һ䣬㳯ȥ֣ĸ첲ϣԼߣ֪ܲɣԶʱڵľŴʵǱ˴֮ĹϵܸӡǹǹϵС
ʱŴͣô֪ģ
Ժ˵ǹĵкܶࡣһգҴСϲġЩ£дġһ֪ʵĸİɣ
Ӿˣ£
ͷ˵ĸģǹġ
ѵӣ
ǲǡǹá
Ѿ˵Ĺ³ˣרעؿͣصͷ
˵ףһʼʵҲֻܵԶŵ䣬Ƭ඼ûˣֻʣһͷǿʵǿȥҾԽԽȻܷܣһȫµ塭
渵վӦɶԿˡ
Ȼ˲ò࣬ȻôϹ


404 µ
Դ뿪ճǣȥ񾩳ΪСүҹΣһɫСӰԺЦξԼǣֻϸ۵СߴɱڴҹѪսбͤǸӰеǳʣǳҸΪһǸЦݣеɱѪսоһҸȡξҲ֮лЩĻ棬ڵ֪֣Լ¹ӵһ䡰Զѡ
ʱ£ٿӦɶպˣûһİк;УеֻǺþòݸоõһúܺãճǵļһҲܺáΪӦɶѾоģŮѾԼװԼ
Ǻǰһż򵥸ɾİȹ´˵ĸоǳˬòԵôСЦһ߰ĺӡǷ·ڴһסʮٸǵľȴǰŵùĹĵģˬ¶Ըоɱκ˺Ůˡ
ĳЩطԵôСĳЩطôƺһжûиı䡣
һ˵Ǵ塢ۡӤ·ݴ˴ǰǶ¡
뿪֮ݾȱЩʲôٴκݲŷ֣ŮѾסԼķ
Ѿʮˣ͡Ѿܿ϶Լĵһ黨ǰŮġ
ѾϵĹϵݺܳʵ֪ԼȴӦɶ졣
Щˣ뿪ʱ֪ҪһЩˣʱ֪Ҫ
е뷨ݺӦɶ˺ܳܳһ·˶û˵˴˶Ρ
ʱ򣬳ĬҲһأҲһԵҸ
ǰϲݽûЩżȴҲΪֻﱧԹСô˵ôݵ椵ģͬ˲ͬݡ
ֱ˵Գɼҵˣݲſڵɶ죬Һ㡣
ݺֱӵĵԼ
Ӧɶ΢΢һЦָסݵ֣Ҳǡ
ǡ
Ǹʲô
ͻȻ̨ʣæѻջȥ˵ǻؼҺ󣬾үү֡ǳװɣ
˵ĺͻȻӦɶ׼һͷð
Ȼһֱں˵˼û͵ݺӦɶ̸¶Щڡôһ㶼̸һ̸ֱۼ޵ĸо
ĸоݺӦɶĸоȴͬȻ˵ĺֱӺ̹ף˴˼ѻĿ֡
ͬ£Ҫ̫
ɾˣӦɶˬشӦݻЩ죬ЩķʵԸ޸ң
ţӦɶͷ϶ˡҪôһҾͷۣԼ޳ȥҲ˦ˡ
ɲȻҲҴ˳Ļ˵޸֮Ҫٳһµļร
ӦɶеҲԸ⡣еԸ⡣
ԣݺܸжһĺ֪ʲô˵أ
ԽǾӦɶãԽиУ֧֧˰죬ųǰں̸ȥҺ
֪Ӧɶ廰
ݾȵ֪ʲô
ӦɶȻҲ֪ԭ򡣵Ҵӽ̸иܵĳĹϵѾˡûв´ĻѾŮˡ
⡭
ӦɶǰеķǳȻҰݺĹϵֱӸ˵˳˵ʵǼ£ҪԼ˵ЩݡɵӦɶ˵ȴЩʴӡ
˺ܾãűһ仰Һ֮£ʵڱƲѵ·ġ
ݺӦɶ˵ͬʱҲ˵ֻ˵Ľζ˼ȴˣֺγˣΪӢܣڻ⣬Ҳһˡȥʱ֪ݺӦɶлҪ˵ҪԼ֧
ʵݺӦɶ˵ʲôΪԼ˺ġ֪ݵ϶ϲӦɶġǱʶǹ͵뷨ʱʱ̶̿ڴ˵˼ȴҲǷ
һ仰ɫʱֻεļã֡
ݼ˵ʱħħͷĻʦȣѾûˣҡܡûûио֪·ģºȴʵܺáһˣСȻŵĹ⻷³ɳܵ޵ۺͼ˵İĲ֡ΪһŮˣȴһֱαװһˡ˳ޣֻһɱΪ˱𡣡
ڸĽ̵£Ե˴ȴһֱ²֡мλɱȴûɱһֱҶ֪ΪʲôֱҴӻѹһۿʱҲס
ǰ飬ΪѾ߽ҵ
רעؿӦɶ죬ƺ뼫ӦɶܵԼϣ˵̸ϰʵѾϲˡڣѾΪҵŮˣôԺʲôӣԺʲôӣҶᶪҲµޣҪҸ֡
ݵһϯӦɶþδ
ȻֱӦɶ۾ϵ˵ɶ죬˵ǣ㣬Ҳ᲻ġ⣬ô¾ͻһҺϲ㣬ҶΣҲΪκŮ˶ҪţҲΪκŮ˶˺㣡
ݿӦɶ죬˵Ļ
Ӧɶ쿴ݣĻ
ռսսΪģɫĻ𽥱˻ɫɫʱ˿̣ݺӦɶһƬطǺɫġɫĻ˵֮תȻ˵Ե
ãӦɶȻ¶ЦݣСݣѾҵķˣҽô
⡭һʱû뵽ӦɶЦôȻ
һ̣Ӧɶͣ½Ųǣסݵһֻ֣Ц˵ҰСݣ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ¶ǶԵġ㣬ҿҲúСݣͰҺͽ㶼ȢˣԺҽˣӴԺǶķˡٸȥմǲݣߺߣǽҲһ㣡
ݶʱɴ۾ʵô˵ǡ
ǺǺǣӦɶЦô˲檵ģҵҲɹأСҿĶҵĶԲԺôֻҪԶҺþˡ
ɶ죬㡭治⣿
ⰡӦɶͬԹϵ˵ͱŮ˷һˣô᲻أС͸ң˶ϲӵұĶ׺ÿ㣬ˣĻ󷽷Ȣ˵Ѿ㷢ϵˣ¶һ˵ҿһ֮ճһܻܲ˹ذɣ
ݶʱţ棬ץסӦɶ˫ʹ˰ڣ˵װǸù
˺ˣ㲻òˣ㻹ȥúúͽȥ̸ɡǸĺǿŮˣҿóҲϲġһһΪ󣬺úõķһӣֻһպ㻹»ǾÿΪҴϴˮΪҰĦΪǡٽҼŵˣһǵūʹҲ϶֧ҵģ
Ȼţ棬ЩҪץԼΪʲôôҸȻӦɶŮˣ͵ͷ˵һһһһ
ˣסҸ첲ЩᣬΪ󡣡
æЦߵӦɶߣһģ
Ѿֹͣ˵Ŵͣ˼ҡҡͷ̾ͬ˲ͬ˵̫иˡ
壬Ѿ˿ߵǰ档
ô죬ǲ˿ϵᡣ
ΪģΪӦɶĴȣΪһ䣺
Ҳµ


405 ֳ
ҹһս˫Ȼͣ馺ͳѩ֮սֹ˱˴˼䶼˿ܽҪٸΣգܱɱĺáǰֵͬĲսһѣҲһҸ¡
ϵ۾馺ͳѩϷǴֳ̬ŨܵĵطħС˧ʮվڴ档
馶ʹ˼ˮһ޷ӦеĻ·𶼱µһˡ
ռѾ쳹ױɺɫӷΧҲԽԽխ֪ǵȿռȫڣһѹʱǶѹե촷ۣΪħʱǣԼͱһĴºûмֵħ˵ͺмֵˡ
ô˵ںһ𣬶һ馺ͳѩĸ֣ҪǻкüˡҪ֪ǴɹеҲǻᱻġһ£Ǽûжô
ֱӾͻΪ֮µĵһɣ
ԣ֮£Ǵӹĵһ
̡ѪȡٵķʽһҲֻħڲõǱһȺеˣܶǸ죬ͨݾȡúܺõĳЧ
࿪ʼͷսսʿһĻ¶ֵĿ⣬ѣĴ˵ʵ̫ˡһ뵽ԼϾͻ񱻷Ž¯һַĵĿ־ͻѸȻѸȫʹǵ½ĸ
ȥУѩ߽һЩϣ˵ѩҿ˧˵ͶӰۣҺݻ
ѩüͷ壬Ƚϱ۵˵ǺСڴ֮УǱħǵĽ磬ֹ½ʮ
馵ȥҲҪҲսɳϣܱħȺ֮˸ˣҪƴһɣҺñˮǬһԡ
һ仰ѩ۾ʱһʵˮǬǻһˮǬ
馵ͷǱˮǬʴȻҵħʹ˺ϵҲӲ¡ֻһԱˮǬˡ
ѩʵˮǬܽ϶˵
Ȼƶ˵
ҿԣѩĿʱϣˮǬ˻֪Ϊ͢Ƿǳġ
һˮǬһֲֶΡ˲ͷųʹߵлγʵʵ˺Ŀİ֮ڣԽ϶˵Ļ˵Ļϳһһ㡣
Խҹ󣬾ܸкܶ࣬ʹȽÿһϵԵ̫Сˣܽǿͻƴ󣬸һ޴Ĵ
뵽ѩᶨ˵үɣ
馵һԴ˹ѩҲѳ˪˹
Ŀǰ֮УǾΪǿģҲǻġʹˮǬҪѾԡʣµЩ˾ҲлԵþô΢ˡ˵޷ƴټЩСϺ׵Ҳûá
ͳ˪˵һ£˴վλãʹ˱ˮǬ
˵Ľ¶˸һȦĸȦ֮ɽӶɣȻɲǼ䣬ÿ˵ﶼ糱ĻĹɻԼٶڶͷγһ޴Ļơ
Żγɺ˵鶼üΪͳ˪ǳ˵ϡбһĨȻĹ⣬бһǻƶʱΪһʵʵĽֱӳ˧˵ͶӰȥ
ǰѾ޴Ľ˧˵ɫ΢΢һߣæ֣ĺʱǰ
Ȼǰѽֻںǰһͣ٣͵ز˺
ʼ΢΢Ļζ
ȭͷ૵ˣˡ
ûأΪ³ʣҸ˵̫硣ʵ֤뷨ͿǲûдȻôĴ
˧˵ͶӰƼһʱ˿̣ĺɫ˧Ҵܣ緢һ˺
һ̣ɢȥǰѽڣ˧˾ǰѽǰ
һĻΪ˧˷ˣȻֱӳǰѽײȥ
û뵽ǣЩ˧ܵĺͻȻ˧ǰһʵʵ״
״һ޴ĺɫס
͵ſ죬һ
һ̣гŹ糱ֱǰѽȥ͸˴ÿһλ
һڽǰѽȥȻɫβͣǰѽۿĵط
˧˵ͶӰĳ馵ĿдЦʼұˮǬȻǲĺûҵĴǰֱһ馣ѩѾľսûУڵϹԹԵɣ
ѩȻô򵥡û뵽ȻҲˡ
˧˵ⶼעġŴ֮Уʵǿľħ˶˵һһаʵˣǴģǲͬ귽˳죬ħ죬Ϊħħڣߵľ֮·ħѡΪˣҲһȻ£
ѩûٺ˧˶˵ʲôֻ૵֮ħҪˡ
ĬȻ
췴ңҶ󶨡
ɷ֮ӺħǲңҲûҡ
ƼʻڻĮһ꣬ƺҪΪʷϵһת۵ˡ
ʮǰ˽ַħһαһεƿҪСǣӰȴҪöࡣ
ԶĺըΪһƱǿĻٴ˴֮С
һֳ̣̬ɼԭ黯Ĳֶ·ġ
ҹǷ˧עħߵúʣø͡
˧վм䣬һɫһȦ˰˶߶棬վһźɫˣ˫ϾţϵĤݣÿһ£͸ǿ󡣻һԵøһЩһȴվţš
馳ȥɾħڷ˧Ƶأ
˧˰Ȼû塣Ļ˻֣崴ħһʱĻԻͣ౦ĲƸҵϣһЩƸӳǸļֵҸ죬ħĽҹ󣬺ĴȫһΡѡǹ̶ģע˸ԵǱˣڴÿһλõ˶ܵķɣˣ
ҵᱻ٣˧˧ų˷ܵĹ⣬ʮ˵վλվڸλħʮеλվڴλžŹһγɵɲһһڶô򵥣
־ħʮϣѵʮǰһʮϣ
˧˵ȻǣȻġ
ǲǶ𣿡
껹кܶΪҲˣ㿴𣿵һս紫ħʮȫֻ⼸ȥġʣµλϣˣÿһǿߣ馣ȥˣȰǼҾͻ͢˽ȨšʱҲӦĿˣϾԲ췴ˣ
˧Сǵȡ馶ʱŭû뵽ħھȻĻ˴Ұġ
˧ҡҡͷûǸˣ
ѩ̾ү˧Ǳ׸թʮ꣬Ϊľһ찡
馷ŭϣСӾһƥǣڵȴץסᣬǴˡ
ѩҡͷԹñˣС̫ǿ󡣡
ɶ񣡡ȭͷʱҲֻ񫣬ȴûа취ٷˡ
ѩ¶óСľͷ¿ʼ
馳ʲôʱˣ㻹ҪЩ⣡
ѩȴ΢΢һЦǰʲôǾϣܿģȥѩ̧ͷѱڵ죬ֻϣ̫̫죬лģ̳
㣡㡭ָָѩȫֱۺݺһ˦ȵˣˣˣ
ѩ馣רעĵ̣үʱˣٶҲûá֮˸ֳգҳǳգǻλֺγǳգ˧˴ĻʮҪ˽һҲǳգʵΪ˰ѻλȣϧҲҪǳҲǳգȵۼݱС꣬ҲǳգĪ˵ǣɽԷҲǳգɧʫҹ޺¥Ҳǳգ޹ŮȴӭȢҲǳգԾˮ濴̫ǳգ̧ͷǲӥǳգҰղСݷԶһЩǳգһΪ˾ϵͻƸǳգǳգвյĵ
󣬳ѩҡҡͷһߵһ߿Ц⣬ֳհ
ѩĻ馴ԭش˰죬Ȼߵ˪ǰһƨֵ˵˪ӣҽŷ֣ľһ񾭲


406 ǿ
馺ͳѩˣ˫ĽʿҲվţ׷µȴǶԣǰһսδ֪ģڵ֪ġռѾױ˺ɫоǵĿӷΧֻаˣھˣӱԵ˶ˡڰĿ־壬Ŀ־ǡ
֪˭𣬾г˾˶Ϥĸ
ⲻҲ˸еھзǳеľ衣־Ȼǳм飬ҲѪʿһϳ׸裬ռеԵЩ׳
ǾͽʷΪһеĳһϡǲ˼룬ҲΪĴɱˣ껹˵ȥڤĻᶼûеġ
˵ħڲ̣ɲֻ˵˵ô򵥣ǵһЩ󷨵ȷǳûԡ
ڼ鱯׳ĸУռ俪ʼѹ·Ҫһѹһ㣬еÿһڣΪ촷ۡ
һ̵ֺܲҲһֺĸ
ƺʱѾû˿־塣ԵѹĸоԽԽǿҵʱǵĸһЩľٶΪҪսʤ־壬Ϊ˷ԼŭԼһĺۼһЩ
ս͵սʿ
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ս׶ޣ
ؼ磬Т˳ĺ
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Ϊ˹ңǵͷ­
Ҫأסǵ޶
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ɣĸֵҲη壡
ɣҲȴ
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ѾɺɫռƮһâǰ㻮ַ·һֻɫıʣںɫֽϻһ¡ԭȫǺɫĿռһɫĿռ䡣
ҾжǰԣǸеԺ뽾
һĨɫռдʵκκĸоҲȱԣһһһ֮䶼Щͣ٣ʵܼˡһƬг֣ǡķΧԵúܵسˡ
仰˵꣬ɫռŨһ㣬ȻȻſγһСΧİɫڰ֮з׹̫
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˵Ϳȥʮģһ㣬ȥ˸оһӣһ֧ëʡһȥһһ
ɾôһк馺ͳѩ϶¶ϲĹ⡣
ţ
С壡
馺ͳѩͬʱ
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˧ϸС壬ò²ǲ²ĲӺеıʣԺʱֳһ뷨̽ʵǻʼˣ
Щ꣬ҵȷһֱΪꡣ
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ſ˧Ǿ޴ͶӰħС˧ȻһĿܣ˼Ѿһַ˼ĵزħԲ߻ôһ޴ı
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ŵҴûҪ˶ҡЩʱ˾µȷʡºܶ鷳˵ڣǾңͿ˴ҽҵսʿǻؼҡǾʹ˰ս㲻ңҲ㡣
˧ͻȻЦ㵱С˴ϷˣħɽѴ򿪣ɱѪɺӣ
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ԣ˧˫ۺȻչµĺɫʱ֮нƣ׷׳ӿȥ
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ֻ֪Щһֱںתƣżȥһ˷ɽͺ񲻴һʮǰûΪνȴҪ
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һ֣˧˾ͷ··˼ףֱˡ
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˭
˵ֻһ֮˵Ҳʶֺα֪
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ɾ񾳣ɹ٣ԪҲӰѡ
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ԣȻһߣϢһɺȻ˵Ϣ
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˧ƵصĲһδ˵ͣһߣһӡ֤˧Ƶ˵Ļ
ףȻһλǿˡ
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˧Ƶضʱ㣡

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˧Ƶؼ˵Һֹ֪֣ʮǰҾ֪ˣֳ˧쵱ΪµһˣԭȥѰҪһսû뵽ʮǰǳѣȴûгֹ
˧֪ѳ˲šǷŭ˽¶ˡ˵˲̫ߵ
˵˧ȥĶӣäĿѧϰ׵ƷʡӦúõļ̳УĶŻ㸸׸гϢ
˧˵ɫǳѿȴʾҲ̣
΢΢һЦǺй
˧ͻȻʵ壬𣿡
˧Ƶص¿϶µģڴ֮УΪҪ£
˵ĺã˧ЦһȵҹС壬ǲʲôǿߣǶҵУҾ׽
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ŵҲһ
֣ŻԴֻǲǸһ£
ʵҪ֣
ѵһҪѾϴСˣôǿս
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ֻԣ
ŬŬ죬ǱҲǡ
ͷţ㲻Ǳˡ


407 ǿ

ϵ˶죬˺
Ǹ˵͡һٶ꣬һʮ겻֮Ѿһһˡ֮ǿԽʱա
Ƿ·һദôȻ
ֻȻ˧˺ܲˬΪƺֳ·˼ˡ
˧ᱻӵĸоŭûУǾǿߣеǿߵȺòã
˧ȥһٶ꣬ûǱ
ų˧ȥȻûϹþãҲûˡ
˧˵ͶӰ˰ڰ֣˺ˣǶˣǱˣ
òĿ⳯˧ȥ˵һˣ
ŵͷҲǵһԼġ
˧ˣ
һ˧ɳŴĺ𣬻Ϊźźӿȥ
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ҡҡͷ̫̾ˡʱֱ֣ϵĻʱһУĺڰ֮Сģڰ֮һâ·ЩڰȾһµɫ
΢΢Ծ𣬻Ӷеëʣдһ廹ҪʮĴ֡
һ̣ռȻֹͣѹܴռҲһƬڰռȷûѹˡ
̫ǿˣ̫ǿˡ˧ƵСֹǵʵͿ֪ǿ˶١ָı󷨹پģѾһľ磬ǵЩֶο
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˧Ƶزϵ𣺡ЩӲ£ΪҪħڴ£
Һħ޹ϸбҪʲô£ҴлĮΪһˡڻĮûô㼫пܾһжˣǸ˲ûˣ
˧ƵʵҪҷ֮ӶԲԣ
˵ЩѾûˡлǴѵһ¡ȻˣҾͲͣ
αأ˧Ƶؿĵ˵⽫ҹѱġƵĵҲؽʹĴۡ
벻ȥˣȻŻһСǰ𣬾Ͳһˡ
˧Ƶضʱû뵽õĻشЩյ룬ǰ϶һƤĺӡ
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вͣתţĵĻΪʵʣԵ𽥵һ޴ķųڿС
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˧ҲţħڵʵͿֲˡ
ϳ˧죬˧˵үûǼҸ˧ӡ⽫ҹħ󣬿顣飬ǼҸ
ΪͻȻ˧죬馵Щ㱣ŷ˧һ͸ʹɵģʵġ˧˽ˣ֪ԭһ顣
˧˳źȥҸȻֻ飬ʵȲǰҪ֪ڶڴ֮УǵҪСʮҸܹܵԴԴϵ
˵ţ˧˳˧Ƶȥ壬˵һսǰûɵ£ɰɣ죬ܺսһܺСҲսһʹ죡
˧˷ܵ˵ǽסΣֻǶһӰˡҪݻٵ󣬾ͱȴݻٵ顣ڣȴҪݻǣ
̾˶ˣӵδ̫񡣡
˧Ц㲻üҡ¶ǵ£и֪Ҳһ֧ҵģ
˶ӴӣȴǶӴӣ˼˼
˧ƺǿ˵ٶ˵˫ֽӡĬһ
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˫۾һڰͻȻҲһֻ޴۾ռÿһȥ
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۾͸徹ñ֮ǰḻһЩϸȥܿ˧촩һƤ£òȻ˧˲ϴ󣬵˧һһԺܴĶǻһɮۣվϵһӡ
ҲǳŽţҽֺһ㳤
мأֺһ㳤˶ǼзԵˡ˧ħȴǴ⵹Щ⡣
תĿֱǰ
鲻˵ȴ
񣬾ɱˣ
ΪĿһɨڰֻ޴۾ҲһĿ⣬ź϶ûκεͣͣ·һͻᱻһ
źٴеӣ˧΢΢һ䣬֪˰ɣ
м˵ΣϾûҺֻսʤĶ֣ţˣʵʮһոնٵ˶ܺǶһɲģǶóʵЩˣ
Աϣ֣ûڰĴбһֳֿĽѽһУ˵ʱ˼ı仯һһеƶʱ
ųĬһᣬҲٶ˵еëʧƾնһѿƺͨĳǹŻֱۣһǹȻִǹָ顣
馺ͳѩϤŵ˷·һ̲ףе֧ʣǹ
صͷ˵Ͷǹóջŵĳƺš
ŵֻһԸĽзˣҿûͬ
£Ҹ׵ķŭɣ
ƺźһ˵ûûˣ˧æ߶飬ȷ
һǺڰе۾ʱĿ⣬ռеնʱѹֵ˼¡
źû˿Уͬʱ鷢
˭뵽Żʹ˵еͬʱ֣˾ȻֶԸһˣ
һĵˣܹܵλǿߵĺϻƫƫ˧죬źʵʮ
һ֮սռзˡ
ԭǺɵռʱһƬ硣


408 ˵Ĳþ֮
ǿߺ˧콻սʱһʵѾ˾֮СֻǾĿǰһֵͬʵҲû˭ǵĵ
źһţݵ磬ǷӮ
£˵ȻСӮ
ʵΪ˿϶
ϻСӮܳȥ
ڴ֮ǰΪԼ˵ĻʵԲǷϻشͻȻԼʵ̫ޱˡ˼ȻǷ⣬ȷеѵʱ˿̣Ϊݵ㻹֧˧Ӯɣ
˧Ӯˣͨͨû
ݵ˵ͷ粻磬ȻԶ
£ͷڼ˫ƨʵ֪СǰҪӮһܲסʱ˿̣ҳΪһʲô
Խ˵Խ£ŵȻΪ߻츳һҲĵõУҺСǿ߱ʵ΢
һ£˵ħС˧ҲҪҸʮ֡⽫ҹҴС˧λãʹġ
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ݵüأ˵ʮ档
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ݵзǳĵط
أ
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ȻСʱ֣ƺ¶˾ҪݻٵħеˡǵȻǳţ֪СǿħУǵʵʮԵĵȴʮǰоҪưֻһ飬û˵˼룬ȴ˵ʵ
ΪһΪսǵȻܽţռеոѹ֡
ݺ·Գ磬˵˵ЦЦȫûеĺͽš
ʵҲܽţҲҪǿŲֳֻǾʱԼܷһ㣬ֻһ㡣
Ц֮ݸΪض˵磬ʵ治ΪħС˧һУҼǿġ
ǲҲҪ仰һЦ
ݵǺģⲻЦ
˵ЦʱҲ档
ԡ
Ȼ˾УȻҪѰ޼ɡ޼սϱȽۣ֮ǰѾӦǵϢû󹦷ҵˡ
£޼ɶ˿һ뵽Ҳ֮УֱЩ
ݽ˴һ£Ϊʵԭ򣬱˴֮Ҳûеӣȫһģ
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ȲȻ鴫СĸչˣҺܷġ
ԣұָţ˵λҺ档ʺеİ
Ҳϵ˵
΢΢һЦһ᳤ܶҶһЩҶƮ䵽֪δҶ뿪ԶҶ޷Ŀϳʵ
Ҳ΢΢һЦҶѡµȨ
ҡͷҶûȨΪҶᶯ磬ȻֻƮ䡣
ҲҶҲԸҶΪȥģȥġ
ÿ˶˵ܶʱȴڽɼƺԸ϶˵ڰ֣߳µֵܾ۾۰ɣҪϢһᡣ
ҲԸϾᣬҲȷݺú˵˵΢΢Ϲʩ΢Цʾл
ӦɶһԣС̸š
˵ĵȴʱԵù̫ˡ˴ʱεصȴǵˡ
ʱ޷ԼաǵȫڱС
СʤˣǾܻǰˣǶȥһַǳпķʽȥ
ҹʧȥеһУ꣬ǣֻأڤʸ񶼲С
ǿ馺ͳѩһٮٮ˪ˣڴʱ˿̶ôΪ޷ԼˣòԼ˽ڼսеǿϡ
εעǡ˧˶ϣΪǣȴܡ
ѳΪһȺĬĬȴ˵ˡ
ʱһһĹȥ
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Ҳ֪˶ãһɾ޴ڹǦը·콵һâӺڰдֱ¡
â·λǿߵ֮ϡڴֱĹУֱԽԽСҲԽԽͣѹȴԽԽԽԽҡ
ڵϣ»ᱻռĵըһ˵ϣ˾ϸһٴζ
ȴǳ¡
ڼھеʱ򣬹âֱֻôСպҲֻһˡ
âٶȼ죬˼
ƫеģâպûһϡ
䣡
âϣȴû˻ɻҽǼһѤõĹ⡣
һĻ馺ͳѩɫʱһ
޼ɵɫʱ䡣
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СӰֳ
ֵǣ˧ѾٺսǻصǾ޴ķ棬վȴȫɫĹ⡣
̹֮У˧۾Ѿϣڰֻ۾Ҳʧʱ˧죬һȫûսֻ֪Ǳеķӡ
С峯˧쿴һֳۣսϱâеȥü˧Ȼֻ飬ʵȻôǿ
̾ûȫѹƲסû뵽ľķʽֶӡҲûܳɹ
Сɲɹ˵˧ǿȻѾ˶꣬ħȻӵϢ鲢Ǵ飬ϢͷӡǣԳɲɹȫҪǣĶǶܿ˷ַӡ˧췴ӡ˧ͱǷӡסˡ
ȥâµݣѡĶֻһӡ˧ǿǳǿôס
ף⺢ӡ˫һ˵⺢ϵϢȻˣ
СĶӡ
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Сͷ˵ϣġܱѡеģּ̳Ѫͳ⺢Ӳ򵥡
֣Уߵͷɫص˵˵ûǵķӡ֮ǳǿ˧ͬھֶνתƣת˷ӡȫ⺢ĻٺãҲԵס
ǷӡֶǿӲĴݻ٣˧תƺ󣬷ӡֶξͱɾˡھԵǰ⺢ӿ϶סھ棬ϣġ
Ұο֪ĹȫĹ
ҳ룬ʲô취أСһ̾Ǻ˧춼ʹȫڷӡѱ˧תƵϣܲԼݻٵӡɣսǾûȡʤϣˡսѾûʲôˡҹܴܲݻ٣ռܻܲȣҪȫˡֻҪֿܵסӡӡͻᷴɵħ棬ʱǾʤˡǷ֮ƴȫܴħܳȥ˾͵ȫˡ
룬ߣỹҪһ㡣
СҲߡ
Ǳ˧ӡתƳɹأ
Ҳߡ
ʵʲô˼ѵ㻹Ҫ˧ƴûңһ˸ȡʤ
֪֪ûϣҲƴȡ˼Сϣ
Ϊʲô
ǳ͢壬Щľ˲Գܹ͢鶼ǾˣҵĳҲƲǲܡ
֪㲻ˣҹغĹô죿
ˣÿȥ㸸ףҪĹʲô
Ĭ
ͷſ죬ָУ¡
С峯ȥ㲻ֻͬΪһ˶ڻûҵû棬ȫز
Ĭһ󣬵˵ûһٿСܴܲ漣˧ɹˣҲ١ħʵʮܵˣҲӳȥġ
С΢΢һЦǾһ𿴿ɡڤڤ֮ϲѡƿ⼸˵ˣȻϲԵĵ
Сһ˫ڵԡڹâеݡ
һ£ڤڤ֮ϲҲָţ⺢ܳɹ
ϲһʹʦϲһֵˣϲһʱƫƫҵߡĪģϲ԰˵Ĳþ֮ȽУҲûѯԸԸ⡣
˵ȫϵС


409 ԣķġ
֮ͻѡݡ
һ׼ûСԭڽΣľȻ̸Ц˽ٵˣҲû뵽˵ȨȻϡռмˣ˵Ĳþ֮ûиˣȴƫƫ
ܾԼǼ£ܾ˵Ǽˬ¡ڵ£ǾԼ˻Ǳ˵ˣƺһ¡
ǣݸͲ֪ԼѾôʹǹâʱʶɲǼͷ·һվɽˣµɽͻȻˣԴһհס
ݵʧȥʶٴѹֻԼС
Ϊǰľռ䣬һΪİĻ档
ǰһϵƯԵׯصκλԵׯأƫƫʹһּΪׯصĸоֻǿ⻨ͱ÷ǳϡ
ݻܣܵǽϰڷһƴķ񣬻һЩ˸౶ķЩСǰ档ݵ𣬴һ񡣾еǳߴһ˫۾·εؿݣһҪĤݵĳ嶯
ݿԼĳ嶯֪ԼϷʲô¹û¹ϰߡ
տϣԷһЩ˽⣬ȴһŷ֮ˡĸȻԼڷڵϡ

һּϵһƬŴɹݽűߡ
ݳܹûзˡ
ȻûˣǴﴫģ
ݳķȥǷԼѵ˵ɣ
£
ٴһֱͷŷ񣬾ûп񿪿ڣҿ϶Ǵ﷢ġ
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â֮Уۿɼٶȿһ
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˴ϣϷݡ
ģͷţɱʴȲ棬ܴ󣬵ĺܳŵĽŽֺһ㳤ȫɢһָ߸ȴЩеϢ
ˣһȻЩ졣
ûã뵽ˣ˲֮ǰڽҹ֮ϿǸ
飬˧죡
ѵ˧죿ʡ
Լô˧ѵСʧˣҹʼˣɱ˵ķʽֲþķʽ
˧΢΢۾һƽĿעݣˣʲô֣
ϣҽݡ
˧ݡˣѡ㣬˵ܳΪҵĳˡҺľǿߵսУҲ֣ĸҲķԵ
ˣݲ˶ֶζʲôӶԷУѾ϶˶Էݣ˧죿
ԣ˧졣
˧Ĺͷʵ˧ôǸУ
˧ұǷڳ
ݵ㲻ħ𣿡
˧ħͲǺУҲǺУ
ݶʱԡȷҲû˭涨оͲħ͵
˧ֻǺܾԶˡǶʱգҺʦǱ޷Ϊͺ쳾޹ϸȴû뵽Ҵӷзµأ뿪ڣħΪħ֮䣬ҵĵ֡ʮǰͬ͢¸ڶħڽкϻȴǱҸɱ˻ȥǱΣŭйڷϡΪʦֲգԼϣһѻħڣȥͷħڡʦֶ̫˽⣬վɹˡʦִ˾̫ޱظˣ˳͢ɳ͢ڴΣǰΪжʱ޿̲ٷ˶ΣֻǺ֮ĵĺһϺС
˵ţ˧ЦһҺʦֶԴħڣһħһ޵ɼħڣʲôݵλҹȴʼһС
˧渵Щ£ݷ·ʮǰǸսƼʻһΣҲڻĮԼµĻĮ
ȵ˵͵Ȼʦֵܣ
˧΢΢һЦȻˣħȻʢҵܣҶʦһҲġ
ʵˡ㾿Ļǻģ
˧Ȼ˵һзĻܿģǻġ㿴ģġ
ݲٺ˧೶ʵص㣺Ūʲô
ģġ
㾿
ȥ𣿡
ҵȻҪȥ
Ȼǰ˵ҲһзԵˡȻзԵǾҪķԴķԺͷҵǻۣôܴ߳ȥȻ
ҡҡͷûзԵҲͷʲôϵ
˧ɫͻȻüΪȻˣɲ㡣ԣܳȥ𣿡
֪Լȥûη壬Ҳûа˧죬ЦŻҡⲻǻˡܵ˧ƵصƻҶˣڻǰȻ
˧ҡҡͷһɵĿ˵ⲻʵ
ǿӲ˵ʵǵˣҪʲôҶЭ
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ݵʰɡ
˧ûʣǱ۾н˼ӡ
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ã˵һȥаݷΪҵͼͥĳĹݡϵİҲһڰݷǣ˵ģȻԼݵĹһģһǵ˰ʵǹ˻ش˵ǡˣȻǹΪʲôҪԼԼأ
Աϣһֳ
ݿ˧죬Ĭ˼ĵĲ˵ش
ʱЩƯʼȫݿ£
ϣʱչ¶Ĺԡ·ݻشǾҪݲȡĳּвֶһ
ݵʱ˧¶һЦ⣬Ǹ߱ˣݷȻһҪ飬ҪеϣڷϡΪ治ᱣЩ£ԼŬȴϣȫڷϵˡԼԼǸˣ˲󼺡
ݵлصʮö
Щƶͣ
˧ͻȻ۾ݵжһ˿ȡ
ݴʱûз֣ش˧ԭʵʵڵ徹黯һЩ
һᣬ˧һУʱгһˮһˮбQ֣С
ʵݣ㣬ǻĻģ
ݸղŷǻģ˧ʣп϶⡣
ݺܿ뵽Ĺؼ֪֮ǻشǻģ˧ֻҪʹͻᱻɻشģ˧ֻҪ֣ͻıQ
ƺһ޷ش⡣
ȻĬ
ʱЩԭѾֹͣƶٴݿ£
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һݽӴʱסݵ塣ݶʱףԼǻش𲻳Щ߷⣬ԼͻᱻЩסʱ뿪ˡ
ûнȫ̶ʱֿˡ
˵еġ
˧΢΢һЦЦЩ⣬ˣǻġ
һɣ˧䣬ıĻصˮ֮С
ĸתѳݵ°ϡǳݵͷǾǳ׽ݸ̶סˡ
侲˵ûǴˣҾ㡣
˧΢΢һ㶡
ݽŵҽʴȡӮԴ㲻ʲôܾܷ꣬зԡ
ĸʱݵıͣס
˧һĹ⣬ʱѾܿ˧Ѿ黯ɰ͸״̬ˣͺͳռеһ
Ϊݵ˴ҳɾ˻굤
ķͻȻ俴ƷԳԼķԡ
˧ͻȻЩη塣


410 
ʵ֮УͻͷĿ֮£˧ݽǷֵǷԣ֤Ƿġ
ݴδԼǸзԵˣҲΪԼһͷ泶ʲôϵ˧ʵЩ⣬شûпȥƣҲûıۣձģ˵ÿһ仰Ļ
˲󼺣кܶ飬Ҳкܶ౦Ȼڷܵϵ׳ʵΪµһ޼Ÿ磬ǶĲǿСҲûͣŬΪᶨΪߵжǿж࿿סΪһˣվҪǿԼ
㣬ϣšͬɾͻ굤죬񾩽СӱߣС׵ĸ仯һΪȴˣɴΪͻ˾硣
һ·ĳһ£ǷԱġ
ۣͬҲߣô룬ô
ĸԻУͶ躱񣬺ʹɱȴͬ㡣ӦɶȴӦɶѾ壬֪ԼֵȴҪɱһеһУǷıġ
ֵͬܣвͬĶԴͬŮˣҲҪвͬİš
ͬһ֪ԼΪλ˧ԻһУô룬ôô˵
ѱ黯˧Ĭһٴο˵
һΣ˷ﳣе
ÿһϴ顣ͬÿһȴаħ
ǰиδԼĳĳĳս顣һ죬δȴ޸˱ˡܴ˴һ𡣼þְ취ΪۿһϢʱ·һηɮˣ֪㻯һɮ˵ǰӻһ澵ӽãã󺣣һŮһ˿ҵں̲ϡ·һˣһۣҡҡͷˡ·һˣ·£Ůʬϣˡ·һˣȥڸӣСʬˡ
˧һ٣ŵɻ䣬ǰ׹һͻȻԼδޣ򣬱ɷͷ˲䡭Ȼ
˧쳯ȥ֪ɮʲô˼𣿡
һᣬ˼ǧӷٵתδ˽ʾ֭
ȴúɡΪһ̣оԼʶ˷Եʴ뱯·֮һεڰڰ˧ķʡ
ûãݱ룬̲ϵǾŮʬδ޵ǰǵڶ·ˣһ·ֻΪһ顣ҪһһˣǸˣ˾ڵɷ򡣡
ڵӵĺˣ·ڴߴεĻЩһ
˧ӵ黯ˡ
˵ǰһԲ£ÿ춼ݷԲǰĺи֩ÿ춼ܵϼݵѬУ˷ԡһǧ˲١Ȼһ죬Բ£ʮָˡ뿪ʱ򣬲̧ͷ˺ϵ֩롣ֻͣ֩룺Ե⣬һǧʲô֪Ƽô
֩ǸˣæӦˡʵʲôģ֩룬شǵòʧȥ˵ͷ뿪ˡֹһǧĹ⾰֩ԲµĺķԴһգǰ֩˵ɻãһǧǰǸ⣬ʲôʶ𣿡֩˵Ҿǵòʧȥ˵ٺú룬һġ
ֹһǧ꣬һ죬˴磬罫һθ¶֩ϡ֩Ÿ¶Ө͸Ưϲ֮⡣֩ÿ쿴Ÿ¶ܿģǧĵļ졣ͻȻֹһ磬¶ˡ֩һӾʧȥʲôеܼįѹʱˣ֩룺֩룬һǧ꣬ɺú⣺ʲôģ֩뵽˸¶Է˵ǵòʧȥ˵ãȻʶ㵽˼һɡ
֩Ͷ̥һٻ¼ͥһС㣬ĸΪȡ˸ֽһΣʮˣѾ˸ȶ˵ŮʮƯˡһգ¿״Ԫɸ¹ʿʵ۾ں԰Ϊ칦ϯŮлʵ۵С繫״Ԫϯʫʸ踳ײգڳŮһ㵹һҲźͳԴףΪ֪ǷԵ
Щӣ˵ɣͬĸݷʱø¹Ҳͬĸ׶ݹ𣬶λһ˵˻͸¹죬ܿģڿԺϲһˣǸ¹ûбֳϲԸ¹˵ѵǵʮǰԲµ֩ϵ𣿡¹ܲ죬˵ƯҲϲδḻһɡ˵գĸ뿪ˡ
صң룬ȻⳡԵΪβǵǼ£¹Ϊζûһĸо󣬻ʵ٣¿״Ԫ¹ͳ繫飻̫֥顣һϢͬôҲ벻ͬ澹ȻԲȣ˼꼴ϣΣڵϦ̫֥֪ˣæ˵ڴߣһϢ˵գں԰ڹУҶһ飬ҿ󸸻ʣŴӦˣôҲͲˡ˵ž˱׼ء
ʱˣ˵֩룬¶˭أǷģҲǷ罫ߵġ¹ڳ繫ģ㲻еһβ̫֥ǵԲǰһСݣǧ꣬Ľǧ꣬ȴûеͷ֩룬㣬ʲôģ
˵˧쳯ȥʵʲôģ
ݵǴģĲǵòʧȥܰյҸ
ٴ˧ٴ˵иòŮšŶգҵż챻ýŲȶˣԲޣΪʼնɾĳ֡һ죬ȥɢģͷܶȺУƳһӣȷ֪ȴˣȻӵζ޷ˣؿʧȺС֮ŮĴѰҴˣȴ˼Ҳûг֡įֻÿճϣټǸˡϣж˷ģԸ
ٿǸ𣿡
ǵģ¼һҲУ
ҪеһУļ˺Ҹأ
ԸŮΪִš
ܼ꣬һ棬㲻ڰɣ
ҲڡŮնĻش𡣡
ŮһʯͷڻĽҰ⣬İپʮķ紵ɹŮΪ࣬ܵȴİٶ궼ûһˣһϣٱһ꣬һʯˣһʯ˽ԭڽʯţǣŮʯŵĻʯŽɵĵһ죬ŮͿǸˣɫҴңܿ߹ʯţȻ˲ᷢһʯͷĿתһʧˡ
ٴγ֣𣿡
ΪʲôŵĻұŵУһˣ
һ£㻹꣡
Ը⣡
ܿ࣬㲻ڣ
ڣ
ŮһôһĹٵϣÿ춼кܶ˾ŮÿܣΪϣȴεϣǰŮͱˣһȥŮƽˣ֪һ죬ǲֵġһ갡һ죬Ů֪ģоȻټˣǴϲİɫôŮճյ
һΣûдҴ߹Ϊ̫ˡע⵽·пôϢһ°ɣ롣£˫˯ˡŮˣͽߣǣ޷ǧ˼ֻо£Ϊڵ⡣ֻС˯Ƭ̣ΪҪ죬ĳϵĻҳǰһ̣ͷ˿ḧһɣȻͷҲصˣ
ʧһֳ̣ˡ
ǲǻӣ㻹
Ůƽش˷ĻǺ룬ǲˡ
ŶΪʲô
ѾܺˣһҪӡ
Ŷ
ڵҲܿ𣿡Ů˼
΢΢ͷ
Ů΢΢һЦҲģǲˡ
һ̣Ůƺַ΢΢һ
ŮЩ죺Ҳ£
˧쳯ȥʵʲô˵˵ʲô
ݵ˵ȴͬʱикΪ˿һۣѾǧˡ
˵仰Ȼؿ˧챳ķϾȻųһĨЦݡ


411 
ͻȻ衣
ͬʱٴѵһּݶĤĳ̶ȡ
˧黯˱һ㣬·黯һЩͻʧһ
ʱ˧Ѳɱʴȣһַǳƽƽ͵ģ
·ﶼѺûκιϵ
һֳȻףһַ·⡣
ĬãѾ黯ļ˧ٴ졣
ĸо˸о·ֻܹ˵һ仰ˡ
ǰиȢĸӣĸɷϲվţɷ򶼸Ӱ롣Ǿһŵõɷ򳣳Եĸ谮ڶɷ򳣳棬లοѡֻҪһͱ˴㣬һ룬ͻụ˼һӣֱŮһзصΣݸֿգȴԹԣɷＸûλá
һ죬Ҫ뿪ҳ;Уĸ˵ϸһȥ𣿡ĸӻش𣺡ҿɲԸȥɷ飬Ͱѵӽʣһȥ𣿡ӻشİĵĸӶԸȥΪʲôҪȥɷѵڶӽ˵뿪һԶ𣿡ܹݣ㵽⣬Ҫ뿪ңˡҲܴӦɷҲ޵ڶ壬Եһ˵ҪУȥ𣿡һӻش𣺡뿪ĸί㣬ۿֻ뿪ߡȥ߶ԶҶһȥ
ƽ۰ӶȥŲòЯ˵ĵһӣ뿪Ƕȥ
˧Ȼ黯ˣô˵ʲô
һΣûϻش𣬶˳Ĭ
Ϊ˧渵˵µʱԺ뵽˺ܶŮˡ
뵽ԼĸףȻ뵽Ӧɶ죬뵽壬뵽
һЩŮ˴Լʶ֮Ҳֳ
ĸǣԼҵЩǣСֺܱܴڡ
ɲǼ䣬ͻȻޱȸˣ·ɲ֮
·ΪشΪϵĳִ
ٳûлشԼֳĬ
ȻΪĳĬ˧Ѿ黯徹ٴαʵʵ󣬶Щֿͣʼ
ʱ̾˿˵룬µ˼ǣҪȥĹʵ硣ӵĸӵɷ˵ʶ
һ£ݾվĸӣӦ˵塣۰壬ɷĸӵΡ٣սᣬܻᱳ︣µįȥȻأûа취š
ӣ˼ĲƸ۶ôഢĲƱʱܴһһ
ڶǸĸ޶ֵܡݡѺӶ˻ϣ۰˴˼ѷ֡ͷҲ޿䣬͵ķĹò˶ãͻὥ£Ͷ
һӣٴһ٣бȻĹ⣬˵ģӰ棬롣ǵĹϵУҲ׺ȫעõɫ
ռɫɫǿա𣬲壬ǲƸλ˰ѣֻеһ֣ҲиԵΨԼģԼܵģԼͬͬӰ롣ͬµ֮࣬Լȡˣֱֻء
˧һݣ龹Եޱ׶ʵǼȻˣ㻹ʲôֻĲԼģеһвǷµծο࣬ѵΪծģ
΢΢һЦЦЩЦЩƵᡣͷƺǱͲڵ޵ݶһַ·𿴴һе˵£ߡҲƣûĻøģҸ

һ޴ͻȻ
ݵ
һ֮˧ѾǰʧЩסݵҲʧܵһжʧ
ֻǰ׹ȻţããһƬʲô·Ѿ֮С
ģɢߴķͻȻƶˡ
ݳǷȥǷһЦ
һЦȫµÿһϸʼ
һ̣š
֮дһϴȱ
ްӷ𣡡
Ȼ䣬ݵǰ׹һԺٴһƬհס
ʶʱǻصռ䡣
ǵâȻ۾󣬹âʧ
̧ͷ죬еĺڰţһռ䱾ĺɫƺڰʱĶߴ˻
ơ
ûõҹȻֹķʽƳˡ
޹ĻȻһеٮٮߣʱҲֻһСǴڽĵͶˣҲ¶Ρ
ǻĻڻҹ㲻ǴڽˣҲԶ
ýҹȻһСˣȷúܶ˶벻
źʱǲϣ¶ԭط㶵ݣ΢Цϲڤڤ֮жҵָȷģĳɹˡ
ҲһĲɫû뵽СһȻסǷӡ
Ц½пܡԽԼǲѾȥˡ˵ʱ
һСһҲƨˡʮɣʱġôѾɾͰɣЩ꣬ûܳԽ㡣
ŵͷ˵ǵȻôܺϼһȡ
ʱԭǱŰοŵ̬ȥģȴû뵽Ȼŷڿһ
ƳˣҲܲҲżƽϡŶ컹бҪģľ飬ʾ֭úûؾһ¡
ɾʱ߸Ӱ
߸Ӱžžžֱӵڵϡ
ЦħҲħڵŵ㣬߸Ϊ˱ȫ˧˺˧ƵصȻϧٵԼܴķɡ
ŵʵǾ㲻˧ƵֶҲܵˡ
ˣ˧˺˧ƵؾȫˡһܻĴۡΪһܵˣǿ϶޷ӹǵ׷ɱ
ŵͷһħھˡ
Żӣںˣ㲻׳ˣҲǱˡϵȥ΢Цû뵽ĹȻСһ
ţҲȥгϲм˵ҾУӢۡ
ӴǣܵõŰ˲࣬СһȻ㵱Ӣۣǰ;
ܴʲôǰ;Ķӣǰ;
ǵҲǡȻȴµһ
ŲϺȥͻȻʵȥһǵСӢۣûȤһȥ


412 
ҾͲȥˡ֮£ûйϸ𡣡
˵СεСӢۣεĴӢۣȥĤݣ
ѡ
Ǻðɡʼ磬ҡͷ̾ȥͺ˵ǰΪ飬Ĳһ͵С߰ˡ
ɫͻȻ䣬ߺȵʲôСߣ
ŵ˵С߾Сߣѵǻ᲻ҵĻ
ðɣȥ
šǺǡһЦ·Ϊץס߶ġ
ĹУͻȻһüţ겻֪Һȼȥˡ
ɫ˱仯ʵʲôˣ
ɽˡ
ŵɫҲ΢΢һ
˵˺̸Ĳ졣ɽ㳲ҵȥһɽˡ
̾ȻǵӢ۲£ҲǲܳȫġȥҾͻӢ¼
һЦֱ壬Ľ£һҪԶȥơ
ȵȡźסҪߣҲ㣬ҲûһڣҲûʹʹĴһֻһ¡
˵
ɽ͢з𣿡
ûСϵ˵˵ˣ֮£ûйϸҳֻ֣ǰ˴˽¶ѡ
ŵͷȻˣҾ澸лˡ
Աϣ˫ֱȭҾ͡
һ̣̤Զȥʧڲ֮С
ζĿȥķעú󣬲·ľзȥ


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ָѾɺɫգ˷ܵ˵
ʱҲ¶ϲЦݣĿ˵С岻ǵ۹С壬ǡ
ǰСĺ˲𡣡޼Ҳ˵һбĹ⡣ӪСǵжԵģ޹磬κҲֹСľ֮м
ӦɶңȻǲηĽӢۣܹѲݿֵȥҸоҲޱȵļ
ʱ˿̣ǳ͢ʿеÿһˣСĻм
ȻҲСܸлԼ˧һܾЩ˼顣
С˽ҹ󣬿ԼΪʲôᾭôһأ
ѵºԼҲʲôϵɣ
뵽ҡҡͷԳЦЦ
ԼʲôСѣС˧ּսҹֹģĻԼܹģ
ǰǶšΧȸԾգ޸п˵
̧ͷעŴС壬Ҳ¶޾Ŀ⡣
߹ݵļģС˵ҶˣһٮٮߣֻҪŬػһʴȵģҲܳΪСӢۡ
صصͷʱ˿̣ƺӢʲô
սʤûʲô˲ɱٶҲûʲô˲˲ǣܹԼȥ
ȥռмˣСǸǿߣ⼸˾Ͷûˡһǣħ⼸ħڼ̶£²֪жɥ
С˾٣ʷصһʡ
վȺУһףʤСͶмĿ⡣


˵ȥݣʵȴȰݻ馡
Ͼ׸磬ʵǿٸߣҲ޷Ĩȥֵʵ
ѩҲֿѣʱͺվһ𣬸պҲܺɡ
֮࣬żһֲɵ˵ǲҪٻĮˡԴڣⱾħڵһƭֹ֡Ǽ̣˫ڻĮԪˣҪԺЪЪɡ
ֱһᣬ馺ͳѩͬߡ
ǹˣȴѼ⣬馺˵ѹסˡǳѩȿڵСݣС嶼˵ˡ˲Ϊ۹۹л㣡
С峯Լ߹ЩСܼֱø߰ͻȻҲһɵĺӰ΢΢û뵽ѩûǽС壬ͻȻ˵ôһ仰
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߸ɰĴЩ˼ͷ
Сʵݣǲǲף
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СղǵâʱϷʲôӦֻԼɣ
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ԣ˶þȵĿ⳯ȥ
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С峯ȥһзԵˣȻӮ˧죬ħ󡣡
˧죬ħ
ԣ˶ˡݻ˧죿
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˶ɵĿ⿴ݺСʱСȻ΢΢һЦһֱɵ˵ݣ˽ҹ˴ҡ


413 Сĺ
ռУȻžķ·һü
СҪݻ˧˽ҹ¼˵ÿһ仰ÿһֶĻսȻмˣÿ˶˵ÿһ֡
ԭǶԼΪİ֣һʱ֮ͻȻˡ˶ڻѯʣ˾˭ĸӪˡ
죬ѩǳ͢죬ڴʱ˿̣СȨ˵Ļʵ
˵ݻ˧죬Ǿݻ˧졣
˵ħǾħ
˵ӢۣݾӢۣ
һ̣˵ĿⶼСƿ䵽ԵЩ۵Сϡ
ϸֳãȻ飬ѵĲ񻰵ĺ˴ң
޼˶ʱ֣Ҳܲ˼飬ݸеˣҲΪֵܶеԺ
ӦɶԲ˵ΪݵŮˣǸޱԺ
֣ݵԴһ΢Цлл㣬ݡ
Ѿ˵ĺֱˣ˺˧춷ԭɣǺգԼʧܣľͲֻԼռеˡԼӢ۲ҪΪԼʧܶ˺Ǿˡ
ڣıûз
С帧ԼԴֺǺǵ˵С̫ˣҷ˾ԵãСˣҸûᡣ˵ףС˴ҡ
ŶݵĻش⣬ЦĸӲãǾ͵ħ󡣵ȻǣһҲûҪס֣ûһ˵ķӡ֮ѹƲ顣
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馺ͳѩǿܴжϳΪѾﵽ˳ĲΡ
ǲɸе𾪡һЩպյµһɽķˣʼĹС壬ϺУĪ̫ĽϪɰ˴һǾ뢴һǶŶܹ𶯵˭֪ôһЩ֣˼궼֪ʵҲվ֮۵
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ǳ͢ڸ׸ǳ͢ĵһ󳼡ڿ˵ϵ°գأ
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ԣøмĿ⿴С壬жʱһů
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롭Ĭ֣ĿͻȻһͣ׼˵ʲôʱͻȻͣæҵ馺ͳѩȥ
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ʱռ俪ʼҵʥĸܵı濪ʼ䣬·Ͼͻᱻһ
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ŵͷ
һߣעǼʥĸܣͻȻ˲֪ٵУлΪЩǡ
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жʱ׶Ĺ⣬ǻʲô׷ȥ
ݰȾܣܵˣ


414 ɱ
ããĮɳĮ֮ϣһڿٱܣǵķȴĮĵĸȥռнĹȦͨλƺ룬Ȼûеĸڡ
ĮʱǺҹҹĻ¹⡣¹⡣
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ǰӳǰˣɳĮϵĿ߻ХڴʱԵüΪ㣬ӭŷ˵ȥ˧˵
ƣ˧ֶҲǿߴԼżס
ħڵԶԶֹˡ˧˾ͬ˵Ľŵףȥװ׾һʵأߴʲô߸Ի˵Ŀܡ˧˾ԻˣȴԻҡȥҪǡЦЦа
ԣ˱㲻ٶ˵ʲô֪ЦЦжôҪ
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κ˶ó߲ơͣ½Ųչ˫ۣҲͣݵרΪҶģ
ҡҡͷֵ˵ͷΪΪ㣬Ϊɱ㡣
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Ц֪ԣģ
̾ԭ֮֮սϺһ㣬ȴҪžһʤЩɷ羰
ݵ֮ս˵ܹѪҲֹѪսνһսսһӵжʱǣţᡣԻǾɣţһš룬һŵļҪһЩ
ܺúܺá֣̤ݴصĿˣҵһְܳķɫ
̯֣ݴسɳĽ׶ΣҵҲһְķɫܿϧǣϣֻһ·ˡ
΢΢һ䣬ЦȻҶԷ֮ƺ̫ðܾãȻǷ֮ӣܲ·˼֮
Ȼˣǻ˵ʲôأѾԾԾԡ֪ǰ벽񣬵ݶһս׼Ǻܳ֡
ԼʵȻԶԶУκ׼а֡ռ˧Ķֻǿ˷ڵ֪ʶʵ֪ʶͬʱкսаĵЩѧģֻ侳ܵʵʵڵΣղ
Ĺ㣡ξٰԣɣ
ͻȻݺĵһսܲܳɹһսҪֻʤܣΪǡû·
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֪˵ǶԵġֺǿܴѳɾͻ굤ҲⳡԸеսȷû롣Ȼ굤ֻһϾǲһ񣬾̫󣬾ֶΣϵľ޴ȴӲκãֻݷġ
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ⲻıƣһս
ԴȻҪãѵֺܴڸռ￴Ϸ
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֣Ѫǹи֡
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ȻնĻش𣺡һ֮ǰ񾳣ǻЩաϾˣ̳˹麣²ڵңǳɾ񣬾ҵ֮ǰҪǿ̫ࡣϵѹƣҲס
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ĿһѾȴżѪĸֵڣǵ𣿡


415 ĮҹµĶս
лûлӦĻΪռ˧˵͵Ϯߣڰۿ˧˵սǵʵ˽⣬Ȼ֪һôǿĶ֡ݺСûѹһݺСҲаաƫƫľ
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ڵǺľ˵ʹˡ
ͬҶƮµУݾΪ
ʱеϿͻȻһɺ
ɺݶʱһϲ
ΪӺ̤ģ֣
ִꪣΪؼʱ̣ΪʵĻ֣
Ӧɶսʮ˳ͲҪ׼ᣬһ
ִꪳնȥͬʱֳ֮һӰܴڣ
ܴڵļũѾֽնµһ̣ͬʱ䣡
ȻֺܴڶֻС굤ʱ˿̣ĺһ㹻ɱ״̬С
еΣڵϦ
ʱ˿̣Ҳͣսþ㵵Ŀ⿴ߡ
䣡
ũڻֵĹնһεĺâͼũڵ϶Ϊһͬһڵзĺը
еıڷ˾޴ı仯
һԿ־ʱļŤ
һʱǿӢ۵ˣҲѹֲסڱܵĿ־壡
ݵȭͷѽס
ǿҵĺ
ɱ


416 Ч
ʲôѹյһݣ
ֺܴڹؼʱ̵ĳ֣ڹѹյһݵĵС굤ǰԵô΢ĳ£΢ء
ݺĻѺľСܻле𿪣Ҫһ˲ɱǲܡҲԵһ£غٶɱ˭֪غֻᷢʲô᲻ٴֻʩչʲôĪֶΣҪ֪ռзݵӰݡݿɲϣһΣȻøǿ
Ǹ׹״̬ʱɱԵúбҪˡ
û˸ʱһʱֺܴڼʱˡɲǼ䣬Ļٴ׸顣
ֱֵ̫ʱˣ
еʵҪǿڳˣҲ㳵սĹơνȭʦ
ۿֺܴͷųҪУݵɤϣлҪš
ɱɱɱ
̤ϻ֮;ݻûǿҵɱ⡣һУɱͱ쳣Ũҡʱ˿̣ɱ·Ѿγһʵʵļ⵶Ҫݺеࡣ
ǹɶԽԽһĻ汻ն顣ͻƲϰյе壡
ۿҪնɱ
ɾһ̣ǹȻûֱӴȥҲûмǰҡڱ˷·һֽһĳ
ǰһУִʱ仯ĲֻǹеҲ˱仯ĺǹһͬĳƮȥ
ϵĻɳеҹĻҹĻϵƮƮ
ǰһж˱仯綼·ϵһһΡ
棬ݸоͬξһ㡣
һĻŷˡ
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⡭ôˣģȻɱ󻺻Χʡ
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СץһѵϵĻɳ΢üͷ˼˵ӦǱ˾ˡ
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С˼һ󷨡
󷨣
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ݵڻĮֵط󷨵ģħԼӦþͲбˡ˵Ļħھǡ
ӦɶʱҲ˹ħΪʲôҪأ
ǾͲˡҡͷͻȻڸħɽʱͿһξü˵кħ֮϶ʲôϵ˵ǴĳЭ顣
СҲֿܡħռﲼ½ҹٲȻѡ˴϶ֻħǿ϶ֶΡ
˶˵ͷһ˼ģȴߵһԣĬĬؿԶĺҹҪȥıƲ̫ȤҲûкʹһоֵ̽Ĵ㡣
̾ô˵Ǵʧһɱеĺûᡣ
Сǰεѣ˳ĳɾ񾳿϶ˡ
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˵˵˵ЩˣվԶ˵ϰˣﲻҪиһ޵ΣɾֻҪ㲻ĵˣô;ϣսʤˡ
صصͷᶨ˵Ҳ


ҹɫˮĮķʮǿԭ˳ˮԵÿҰЩ
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ʵܰ𣿡
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ڰ
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п˧ˣǳ˵ڿʼǼħڣӴԺΪ˧Ч


417 Ůӭǰ
Ĺ˵һͣɴ󺰵ôУУֻ㣡
еȻѾħںǾҪóǵĳ
ǣ⣡ֹ֮Уһʱȴֲ֪˵Щʲô
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Ѫ½һʣȻ¸ߵȴһ˼ϸˡô˵ѵһ˿ԣ㲻ٳ
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á
ʱ˧ǰ߳һɫص˵УҪ೤ʱ䣿
ô˧Ųң
˧ҡҡͷֻħڵˣǴӻĮȥħڿ»پ޴ѡļƻԽɣǾԽԹʱ䣬ҵȻҪʡ
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˧˸ջ˵ʲô˧ƵֹסܺáУϣ㲻ҪϷʧϷ򡭡Ƕ
еͷ˧ƵҾ˧ǰָңһɣҶȻʧ
˱áλǴѪ½һࡣ
лǰ
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ĮԭϣХһԭ͵ͰĲݱ紵ε̧ͷһضĤݵͽ
峿зһŮڷмǰС
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һһڻĮѾ죬һЩ£ҲһЩڶΣĿǣܱûдһħɽݣǱڻĮϵȴ
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ûش𣬶̯һֻ֣ǰһУʱһһɳ죬ڰγһСС̫Ȼ飬µĺ㡣
ܱȻֻǽ꾳ͣҲ˽⣬ͷųܸܵõһֱǿ̫౶һֱݶǿ̫౶
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ЦһߣСǰ٣
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żӢӿһۣѺܶûʳ˾衣أҪٻָŮϵܺθڡ
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ţҳ֮ҸطƣͰҼץһЩȬǱ۷ڵǿߣתۼͿܶɹٵңҲ㡣ҵֶΣһ֮ڳɾͱ굤
һ֮ڳɾͱ굤
ǲǿԣջȷܴ
ܱȴϵҡҡͷ˵ҵŮˣҲ
ԣɫ͵һȻʹ࣬Ů֣϶ʱһ졣ҲΪŮ֣гˡ
ʵѵ㻹Ҫɣ
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Լ˵ʲôҿǿҲһ˼һڸ´ΪһҵĻ᣿
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һ룬ȻЦҾĵزҲܹɱо͡
ϻ˵ſŮˣ
ԱϣܱƷչһ˫׳ĸ첲ȥ

ܱбĹ⣬ߺȵһܱ


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ǵâܱĽףԼܱɳȥ
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һǰɽгưһһϼѵСȫɽӰΪʦûСӣֻǴӦһʱվȥɽָ㣬ȫǸԷĳ滰
ҪܱȫǱΣ͹¶ʱҸԼˡ
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ҪȥڤѸ׽ҪԶᱻ𣡡
һϮڼ˧ʱ·ͻȻ࣬ظ˧˵ͷ
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˧Ƶظп˵˶㡣ΪУΪˡδһġ
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˧Լʵôûô˧˧磿
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仰Ĭ
úͻȻߡ


419 ߣǻؼҡ
һġߡ
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˧ƵصĶ΢΢һ
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˧עܿ϶˵Ů˳ȷ͸һӢҲϲͣƾʲôҪߣƾʲô˵ҪҴҾͷҪߣ
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תۼ䣬߸ʧããԭ֮УƬԭ𽥱ɳĮ
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Įһߣǲĳ磬һεеĸ¶
ѵصףͷڴڵغţ·ζ
ĮĿкзɳĮʱǶСںƺռб̫ãжҲҪܰڵġ
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ͻȻ΢ЦʵҲòˡĸɩǱѾ˵ˡɩӺֶǳٶĿ࣬Ҳǻúõػš
ŵúõػŶáĸ磬ְɡ
馿ЦѾߵһˣͣˡ
ŵҿԺͻʵ˵㰲һʵꡣ
馵ţ̫ˡȨԲþӣұؽ֮ء͢Źҵģʱ޾׷ɱҲʤ
ŵʵȻӹǸʴȵĺӡ
馵ʴȣЩȴʴȡ
֪˵˭ҡͷ̾Ϣ
馲ţ˵⼸㻹ڳ֪͢ѳ͢ڳʲôӣʵǸƴӣ¾Ի
ǰһץסŵֿ֣˵ţҪȥˡ²Ϊ²ֻΪԼһԼҸҲҪȥˡҰɣܵܶʧȥ˺ͳ͢еֵ棬ֻʣһˡĻᣬٲңۿžҪˣ
Ҳ馣ϵϲޱ̾ҲǿƣҲ񶨻ʵ۶˳ӡܸоõûд۹֮ġڸʵۣҲΪ͢¡
û뵽žȻΣЩ죬ŵɾûд۹֮ģڳ͢ǳ͢ʵϵĻʵۡΪ͢壬ѵܹ𣿡
̾ĸ磬ûбˣֵ̹֪ҪκֵܶǿȻҲǿ˵ʥϡڵĻߣǸָļ̳ˡ
ԣŭ⣬ȵͳѩһһ
΢΢һЦ̾ǶȻʡ
ѵҾͲȻˣ馷ŭʵ
ȴûлشֻϲޱĿ馡
Ȼû˵Ѿش馡
馶ʱŭˣȭͷ˵ѵ࣬ǶȻʲң
Ҳ֪ŵֻ֪Ǵ񾩣Ǿ볯͢ԡǸʱһΪ˻ʼĹİֹ㡣
˫ְסͷϵͷͷжȻϺݺһӡ
÷ŭĿ⿴һۣŭȵǾԲ˱ģھͰɱˣ
ŵĸ磬αضŭ
馶ŵ۾˰죬ͷϺݺһţȻﳤȥ
馵ıӰһ̾
ֱȥԶǾʱû˵ĸ磬ˡ
ͷҲûأ˻ȭͷȵ
ſЦԴϸҶʵڲ࣬馾ԾһԼ׸ȳ⣬ûκβãֻŸıӰ
ԶչԽԽ
⼴մء
ȴԶ޷ıһʵһ棬޾ĺڰ


ԶཻƽߣҲ΢΢ƫƵʱཻ
˵£֮ݺԶԳˣǧħ˧ˣ˶ڤڤעǵ
кǷֱһ·
ź馷ֱһ·
ҲͬЩƲཻƽһˡ
ԼǰµţһֱѹȵĸоһĨϣȴͬʱ
תϸش壬֪Ƿ֮С
оԼԵüΪ򶨣Ҳ֪Сš
߽ЩҪȥģ
Ҳ֪
ȥȥɽ
Ҳ֪
ҪиĿĵء
ǵġҲȥҲȥɽ
Ϊʲô
˶˵ҵ˶˵Ϊʲô˵ǱǣԼĵҪԼ
϶ʱֳЦݣԼĵԼĻʡ
į˵˻ţܻҪѡȨ
ŵڿɡ
еͷǰɡ
߰ɡ
ߣȥ
ȥʼĹ꣬һˡ
ڳ뵽žȻ˵һĸҪԼǿɣҲڿɡɼȻһɵˣΪλҪԼȥꣿ
һĹУʧȥɣ
ȻӦŵ仰һЦ
ûС
зŹ£Щ˵С壬лᣬȥ
΢΢һЦˣ
ӣֿ˵ֻдĲܻ߳ɡСģס
СصͷǾȥɡѪ½ݣҲһΡȻˣȴκ˶į¶ţջᳬԽ
ǡӦȴûվǴӻͳһƿӡС壬£ʦ񡣡
΢Цһûչѧ룬ΪҵѧҪʲôʦ񡣡
еʦ²ɡΪ䣬û˭ʸӵ
ʲô
ҴռдġΪĶ
˫΢΢һԼоʲôûнǸƿӣǰƿǴ򿪡
һ̣һŨȼߵ뵹ƿƮ˳
óëʣñʴЩϽ裬մīһ㡣
ţСӣմ˹ëڲӵһҳд
ʱ佥ţƿĹȫΪֽϵ֡ĺϲӣз̾ʦأ޷ܾѧ
Цˡ
ҲһЦһģߣǻؼҡ


420 ɳ굤
ͳѽӽβ
УһǷ˳󾸹ϡ֮ôƵѣһֵصݡ
Ϊһȥ󣬻ʵۼӭʮգСĻʵ۳ˣͳε˵һǳõ顣
Ȼ˶֪һƼʻĻĮЩʲôҲ֪ʵȫ޷볯͢Ѿһ·ֱҡϣ񾩳¡޷֪ɽһ֧ǿľⳡսз˶ãɱ˶
ϰյӺܾޣֻѲ෹̸ʵšǺԶĴսǹ͢ţ˵жôжô𾢣ҲֻǰЩ½ţȥ
ϰĺܡֻҪܻϺӡ
£һִĹ״ֱһεض׮
˫ָվ״ǰͷš
һư׹״֮󣬹״ȻһȻֳṹΪϸģ
һͲСƣɾħħͲ
ͲɫԿһԶħͼΡһħĶǳ壬ļµɱ⡣
ܴڿ񱼵ͲԱߣֵȥⱾǼĶڻĮõħ֮ʹӦġ
Сأƶˡ
ڣԿɡ
õݵܴ˫ͲϺݺһģͲ󣬾˸ߵͲ˼ϡһ̣ȫɫĹ⣬һɼǿĻڱͲС
ܴĿĿǰרעĸߺһ
ͲȻһЩԶħͼζɢԵĹâģ·һ㡣ʱͲûзȴ·Щħŭ
䣡
Ͳ͵һ󵯿ܴҲһͲͲڴһĻ
ֱԶԷ۵糸ٶȿעߵ
飡
Ҳ֪˶Զɻ͵ºը
һĻݵ鶼Щ͡
ֱϡСƣƷʷǳ۹һλǻչֳȴԶԶֹǻֳļֵ
ܴڸղֻû߶һ£ûʹũǵĻɾͲһתֳȴֱԺͼũΪͲͷųͬѰͷųĻ̺Ļǳ·Ͳڲתнǿ룬ԼʷϵһҲܴһ˶١
ֱǡһƣ
ܴͷվԭأ˸ߵͲȵĿڼϡҲû뵽ԼһȻ˴ǹͷųȥһɲǣȥΪᱻɳȥءԼǻ굤ͣԼûΪɾ˻굤ôǿ
ȫΪ
ݺͼϵСԵֺܱһۣ˴˶¶͵Ŀ⡣
СڵѾǰ࣬ȻվݼϣٳһЩǾվסˡ
ܴ˸߲ҵĿͲСܵǰЦǸãҪ㣡׻˵һõĻǻ͵ĵڶл
˵֪Ϊʲôȥһˣƨ˸еǳ顣
ܴЦĸĸƵģʹͲǣʱˮһء
ѵȻҪõһõĻȻֵÿģǧҪ̫ʦǰ˵һͳɾ˱굤ǻ˵ʵ㲻ˡΪ굤ǶаĻ
Ϳ˵Ƿʱ굤ǣҲ̫Ƿѳɾͱ굤ҰѸռͱ굤Ϊһ壬֪ôȻʸ˵ⷬ
ǣҼסˡ֪ݶԼ˵Ķǽԣܴڽϲ֮Щ
ݵҲԺı굤϶һͲ
ܴںˬЦҴܳɾͱ굤ǹʲôҶ޺ˣ
û־Ƴܴһۣ굤ǰ˵ͬϵƲңɼڣǶʵﵽΪѾˡ飬ǶͬڸռУʱʱ̿Ӱɣ£ܴﵽľ磬Ƕܴﵽ
һ˵ķǳƶܴںǶı
Сͷⷬǳ⡣˻дţ徳ͻͽʱС͸߹Ϊǰһ˷ܡΪ麣ļ̳ˣˣһɾʲô
ССݸ˵ûǼȻаѸռ佨һȫ¹ȵĺԸǻ굤Ĳʲô˵굤ɽٳɾɵпܵģ
Сһ˵ĻҪƶ棬ĴѪڣжƵ˷Ŀ⡣
һ̣һɱ굤СϢӸ¶˲ڸռǵذɢȻֻصңΧ𣬻Ϊޡ
Сչسɾͱ굤ǹϢһڳڸռɢ
ΪϢܴڳɾ˻굤ֻ˴굤ı飬ҽҲٴνо
ڣһ굤Ϣܱϱû븡ռǲڵĿС
ǹҫ۵Ĺ⡣âУܱһƣۿһۿɼٶȱһ˫׳֣жʱӿᡣ
ҡҳɾͻ굤ˣܱ󺰵
ǹϢ£ܱڳƷɹ˻굤
ž
Ԥ׵ģܱͻȻǰ¡
ǶΪܱľˣҲȻġܱȥСʱĻᣬӦúܴͬʱɾͻ굤ˡԶܱ굤ݷǳġ
ʱܱԼдЩ죬æȥܱ
ܱˣǼĺ£ǶΪеˡ
СҲǰϲ㣡
ܱȴ˵Ƕ֪ߵһжôĲסǻˡܵҲйԻ͵ʱ򣬳Ϊ˸µ֪ʱҲֻǷβֻţ󡣸㲻ĸ֡ʱ»굤кܶ࣬ҶǷǳҲǳĽΪ麣˺մ˶ҵ˵ΪұǿУǳĿģΪûãǾʧ٣𻵣һ˼䡣ڼĹ¶į֮УҵΪѣҡѾ
˵񣬾ǻ굤˵Ѿһ󼰵롣
ڡ
˵ܱѾĿҾȻɾ˻굤ҾȻɾ˻굤⡭̫˼飡ҾȻһ굤ˣ
ߵܱߣļ򣬳Ĭ
ڳЩУҲֻеᵽܱĲס
һǼһǼĹ
дϣ˭ᵽǵļ벻ף
ܱһˮٴζһݣûˣҴ굤ܱʵ
ŽƽܱܱˡʶʱҾ˵ӴԺһŬ
ţܱصصͷٴβᡣ
ܱһ֣ռеܰжֺܴڣǻҽãﶼ˸м֮顣
ݸıǵˡ
Զټׯ԰УڻϽĿȴһֱͣûкޣҲûлϲֻš
ܴڳһֻȦסܱĲӣҲֻĴͷѶȶЦøǣˣҵõ˻ɾ˻굤ⶼǸ˵£һʹغ
ܱصصͷһ
ָܱˣܴڿͲȥû֣ȡְɣ
ݵ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
ʵܴͲųһڵʱԺѾˡ
ͲʱϵЩԶħͷųһơ
ȻˣǾԻɰɡ
ݵӴԺͽڣ


421 ʵ
ڣ
ܴ˫Ȼһ޵ִͽ̫ˣ
˵ţ˷ִܵйꪣܸۣӴԺڣܴԽԽ˷ܣټһףȻһԾڱסǺеʹ죡
ܴڵϲôݸÿһ飬õǻܱɾ˻굤Ըռʵһͻ
׿ҽò˵֣ܴںܱС굤ָѾ굤ԶݺСǱ굤ڸռУڤڶɴصսꪡƾЩԴ˿ɵʸȻ¿ˣڵȦҲֻŵĪڽϴɣǾԾǵһ
Ȼ˵ȴûɵ˼ԽԽ֪Լľ绹Įһˣ˺ɵͬеЩ⣬һˣ粻ǸԼ˵񾳣񾳣СĴþ뢶ʶˣľ˼ı仯
ΪʲôΪ˳ΪСˣȥ磬ҹס˧κβĮնԱ˵ģ˵ȴôƵᣬʹǴеľ磬ǻʲôź
ݺʶԼԶԶ
ܸռʵѾһµĲΣȴûκνģı޲Լ顣
СǶǳɾͻ굤ˣңϣΪ͡ӣҪоһҵָ֮Ļָѳɾͱ굤ĻʵǸռ䱾Ҫϣָܻյ֮ǲĽһ֧
С֣صصͷݵ˼
˵Ҳʵֻܱܴеضѡ⣬ûΪܱۣҲͨѵһ֧ЩǼͨ۶һСĻڻʺǾסУҲ޷ǵô㲻ôǲˣҲͲˡȶҲ죬ݲġֻͨ½һ֧Լ
СֹһͨԺµļ麣ͳʮĻ档ûԼܳΪ麣ΰţҲϣٴνһ֧
ǸʱԼƿˣκԼ۵һ
С̸֣ڤڶɴ޸֮£Ҫˡ
Źꪣͬһͦεĺɫɣݵ˵ͷǳ˵ҵȵ߾ȫ
ݵˣ
ԣֵ΢΢һͣĬƬ̺ݵϥ£һĺ
ݴĪжڤڶɴ֮󣬾ڤڶɴµˣ׶꣬ʵڵ֮ϣΪ˾罫𻵵Ļ굤޸ãսݾʱ䡣ѡͶݶֵĻȥڤˡʱֵĪ²ڤڶɴˣȻҲǡֻڵȴȴԼ굤޸ȻЩͳͳɱȻڰڶɴˣΪڶɴˡֻϧݺǳսԻ壬Իٻ굤Щˡ
ӴԺΪЧΪµĵһҲǵһ󽫡Сɾͱ굤ǰսǸռеĵһҲǴʱ𣬳ڶ𾴣ܱܴڶƺΪִƺСֻܱͬһòƣְڤڶɴ˻ݣ㲻Ǽڰڶɴеһˡ
ڣȴ˵˳
ζʲô
ζѾ׷İڤڶɴˡ
ڤڶɴ͸һı굤ռУְĻ֣ݶõΡ
ܲ
ܴںͻҽֵĿжĽĹ⡣
ֳ𣬹еĹӴԺϵëһë䣬Ϊǣ
˫ָ˿ûнȥ֣һ֮ĳһλɢ
εľٶı̬ҲӦõġ
ݵ˵ͷһУռԶһֵָƿӡ
ƿȥʮǻ굤ڴӻĮ;ƶɵġон׶ΣĻ굤˵洦ȥɡ
æӹƿӣڼ֮顣
ǻ굤о͵İֱͬѩ̿һ㣡
ǴСʵıҳо׶ҲõƵõǻ굤ǻ굤ǻ굤ȴûмһ־óʮǵİֱ޷ݡ
µԽ֮Ҫö࣬ļֱҪ
ܱɾͻ굤ܴڵõǻֳΪϵĴǶʮֵĽԼŬΪռףպҲδһõݷĽ
ݸɣǸˣ
л˺ͣ
קŻ¹¡
ԶڻиɻıƿһĻ¶Ŀ⡣
ãҡҡͷһ̾Ϣ
һףǰѸռ䵱һ磬
ܿռÿһհ
ǿռãϵһֻϣ˵ҪɢĹԣ̧ͷеҪһ٣²ӥԿ
һѳɶ֣ƺע
ǿǿ֮ƣᡣ
Сݸ磬
ݺͻ̸ЦʱСͻȻ˵
æ񣬽ص˸ռ硣
ʱڹլߴլԺĴ󺰡
ҳɱСӣ
һ̱ŮǸֳһȣһЦҾ֪
ȻŶ
լԺǰۼ˶ʮˣѾߣл򣬻һŹװ˽լԺΧסһܵӡ
УǺٳ˽ŵĻ档
ݿȺǰһ긾ŮôӺݻ󣬵ȴΪΪ񶾵ЫȻҲɫ
ͷڹ겻ҳôһ㻹е𣿡
һֲмĿעűˣЦ˾һߣҾһɡ˴ôΧסǰҵ޶ħͷǳͨ͢ȾûгǷȣֺαƨɣ˵ʲô𱰣
㣡ָݣָͣĲ㣬ֱ޷㣡С֣Ұ֡
Ǽ񶾵Ĵʴӱ³ݵɫʱüΪ˫һһεĻڱǰһ˱
ݴûҪԱ˶֣Ǽʷ·һֱݵ࣬һʱûܿסԼ
˲һͣǱУҲˡ
Ѿˣݱûкڡϳʲô£Ҳ̹Ȼе
ԡơġһ˼ҪھİѱɱˣҲʲôΡ
ۣ
Ȼһ죬ǵڱǰһŴִİץס
ǰǰ·͵ˮΣɵָ䡣
Ƶһֻȱ˸һˣĿ࣬ⷢ붬ֻһıģ¶һ۵ļ⡣
̯ڱһ£ôı굤ζ
굤ԣ͵һߵԸǾǵã뿪ȥĮʱС굤ѣһǸսС굤ãѵǱ굤ôѵһ˵ĻĮ֮Уôջ
ˣݵľ羫ٶҲ̫˵ɣֱǿˣ
Ե۾ɵøƵġݸսʱ򣬲Ųľ꾳绹ûĸߡڣԼͣڽ꾳ûܳɾͻ굤Ǳ굤ˣ
⡭⣡ʲôʲô
ȴûһ˿ɣΪжϵʦʦȻ˵Ǳ굤Ǿ;Լٲˡ
õжϣ˵ɫԽЩˡ
ѵ˱굤ôǸ²͸пˡ
ĺͱƶڻĮʧ١˺˵ʵҲƵĿľΪݡǰʵͲǵĶ֡ݵʵʵǱ굤ĺͱƵʧپܹ͵ͨˡ
һ뵽Ϊղݵĳֶɵһ龪˲Ȼŭô˵㶼Ҷҳ֣Ұ


422 ҺȻӽն֣
ۣץס
һ£Ǹͷߵ׳ʵⷢ˶ʱ֡
˵֣ǿս˼б۵˳֣Ǳĳ֡
˫ֱַ϶ʱðɫĹ⣬Ȼ˫档ǣ˫ֽҪ͹ʱͬһ㡣
۵˫ֽһ̣һԾ޴ƴҵĵͻһһ³ץ˹ȥ
ҪץסݣȻץġ
ȻʽͨʵվһͨĹֻû۳һ㣬ס˫ֵַԭ˿ƵᣬԵøĪ⡣
ҲûһоƷסݣȴҲûϵԼĽȻ˵д⡣
ݵ˵Ҫץסңǻܷѹ򡣡
۶ţ˫ȻװʲôĪ⣬Ǳ굤ѵһס㣿
̧֣ĴϵĻҳסҲ˵ġЩ̽ԵֶξͲҪˣó汾
Ǹ侲ƽ·ѹñһڷǳܣһȭ޻ϵйо޻棬һ롣⻹ûʼأһûϣȭͷһ۵ĸо
ǰָݵıӴϹĹۣ֪˭𣿡
ݵ֪ߵһ
Ժͱ۵ɫһǸѿ
ŭȵʦҵΪڹǺƽƽˣ
΢΢ͷԵλжϳ۵ľӦ񾳡
ռʵϽϸռδؾͲܺ񾳻һսȻֳ񾳻ǲڵġ
սʤ˶ԷԷҪԼܲңҲһ׵¡
οھڹȻڣͿȥҲ¡ݾ治ţڹʲôɱĺ
վֱ壬Ҿͽ̡
Ȼͽ̣Ǳٴγ֡
İݵĻһεĳ֣ǻǿࡣ
һֱĻ
Ԩ֣
۽˫ٴ̽ص׵һɲǣ·ڵص׵Уʱâ°ӳյķס
ݵܣʮ޴Ƶض𣬼ʹİ·ԵصԨŷߺԩҪ˽ָ
ͬӵصһ㣬ҡһҵ˽Ŀ꣬ΧסȻͬʱа֮֡
Сʱڸռѵ̾зߺޡ
öĻСݸ磬ҼֻļءСЩ֡Ǳץסǵ͸壬㲻ḯҲᱻЩִߣ·Ĵȥǲ֪ĵصԨóǺаĻħڻҲûа񡣡
ݲмɨ˱˵һۣԭһЩа֮ˣνĵع۹
֣ʱУھ˵СĺȻרЩħаȻҵУҪӽնЩ֣
ã
ҺȻӽն֣аһħߣ
ݵӰʮּûͷųĽֱýնЩ֡ƺֻ˲µеĲƽ֮
֮񱻹˺ȻֻһЩϣ־㵹һήҵĵ¡
ɵĵ£ӽնֵ쳣׺һһַ֣׷նΪء
Ƴ˱۵ĻȴûգǽŽƣֱӳǰĵصնȥ
նõĹֺҪնʵĹ֣
Ϊı۴ֲ
һȻȫʱųһ⡣棬һӰҡҡλΣһҪĸо
ϵĻ棡
Ǵ죬۵
ȴˡ
ݽһУͱȵıʹ֮
һСһǾԼҪ͵ĶֱƵǱҲҲסˣҪԽԽãԼս̫
ֵ֮סһ̶ݷ𷴹
ڻһۣ˵񱾾Ǽɷ֮ǼɷǻȪǵصԨаħħּɷ
ôóһۣЩħ֮Ļͣ񾳵ʱܷӳ޴
۲ûеõǧȷ֤ʵҲȷһ˵
֮ٴʹ˹ϵеĻҲԸоȻ׳ࡣһƹӰεţ˻ţЩٴδӵصðĹַ·Լһ
ƣ
ԶͻȻһĲɣȻһİ׹˹Ͽա
׹ţҲΪС
һĻ۵ɫʱ䣬æִӵص׳˳ȥ
Ⱥ߷ֿһϮµ
ү
æүȻǱҵˣǱ˵ĸ˵źС񡣵ˣΪȨƣ˹үҲûʲôȨơ
ǳһ־η
ΪǹΪһľš
Ŷ󣿱ͽԻҪСˡʵսûм˵һսʤ
ֳľηԵ÷ǳȻ
үôͼﶼ𾴵ģھΪǹھΪĹɼΪϵ츳
һơ֣ͻ˱֮ͷųĻ
塣ȻΪ磬ǰȴôҲ˲ļ
ĸ硣ȴע𱰣Եͷʾ⣬㲻˵ֱȥ
תݲվһ˵ɨһۣϰˣô£
΢΢һ㶡żƣôţҪݳ
ﶼ֪ǺһģȻ֪֮ĹϵΣǺôڻĮʶˡ
ڣ̬ȻǴΪݳͷ
Ա˵һõˡ
ʼ磬̯һε˵Ҳ֪˴һҪҡ
ˣҪ˵ˣͻȻȵվǱΣҲǳڵʱҲһ֮
ƫͷֶȵ㲢һˣ£ȣָģ
ݵʲô
˵㻹ҪװôĺͱƶڻĮʧ٣ѵºûйϵ
ԣһɻĿ⳯ȥ
ƺ׽ɫа̾á
Ǹע𱰵ˣҲһΪؼͥůˣ֪ĺͱƵʧԼΪҲŹԼ
дģȴɫģűЦҾͲˣǵʧΪʲôҪҳϹϵ


423 ұ
һ֡װװݣ۾гһϸ죬Ϊ㲻ϣҾͲ֪ô
ݺͱ֮ĻҩζǳŨң廰ˣͱ㶼ͷ⣬ʧˣĵĿ϶㡣ͬģ¶ǹ˵һجģҲܲܡħڻĮĮħڡȥĮһУ쳣ҿʧٵԭʵкܶ࣬ΪʲôҪأߣҲǹˣҲӦûϡ
˵˵Щܻ֪ͱ֮йڡ
รȥ
ʼ磬Цйڡ𡣡ݳȥڴ˵£ǰɱҡ
ʱһݣ£
˵ҪҪɱֻϺ󣬵֪Զг˿ֻҪܵܳˡ
ЦһֻǳӦԵõûˡ
С֮£ΪҪ˵ģѯʺ;У˿ȫվǱߣȴҲһȡĶǰȡһְѣڹû֮ˡ
˵ף˻ҪݵȴڹҪϾڸ﷢£޷ݸϳȥٳʲô£ҲܹˡΪһͣûһˣɥڳ֣֮ǿǻÿ춼ᷢ¡ĴΪӺֶŮѾҪء
˿һ־ԵóֿĿ˵ȻѺƽôƵʧٺйأҲͽ͵ͨˡ
ûкͱ˶˵ʲôʵϰˣ𣿡
̹ȻĿ⣬磬ǱҹңһҾЩɱھӽĮڻĮ֮Ե
รһΣ
ݼԼİԼͱƽսһ顣
ݵԺһ飬ʵûɱ
΢΢һЦָͷû
˵ĪҪƭˣСӽթĺܣ
ߣһ˵ʱھӪô˫۾šлɣȥѯʡ飬Ͳʲôܡ
ͷڶԱ˵ԽѱǱôС㡣Ī˵ЩСǰǰڴǰҲһͷɡھӪﱻϰ˴ܣһǵô棬²̨ڻľ飬ǲ̫˽⡣Ǵ굤ʱֻС굤Ը߾ܸǻشģպҲӰ졣
˵ţȥһ㣬Ӧܹġ
΢΢һ㶣漴˵˵ͷ
ŵȻˣпΪһսһ겻ˣӶȥҸ侲ȥˡӦöԼСʱҲͳˡ벻ףǿҲġ
ķ˶ĵ˵ͷ
ȷĺе˶ûл˵
Խ˵ݱԽڱƵѱƻܣҲǻ˶һ겻ΪҲԴȴû뵽ȴΪһսɾͱ굤ԣ츳֤ǸšֻҵһĶ֡
Ӵ굤˱굤ȴû뵽ǴӵС굤˱굤ѹ
ڱƵ䣬ǱҪΪǣ̫йڸռܡ
˵ĶǵûƫǱߣʾԼĹ
Σҧ˵أĵʧôͣ
űǼᶨ飬֪бġ
̹ԵҺĵȷйһս
ԵֹйһսƽϢ׷ɱʱȻԿ͢ľӡˣ㻹͹УԿ˵ƽ˵һսཫʿ壬ҲⲻˣҪڻʹ֧֪ⷬΪҲѲ˸ϵ
Լ֪ԼҪһͣҾȵ˾ҵ磬޼ɡСֺܴҲʱҺס͢ӣֻܽ
Ĭݳμʱ˵ΪһͣҪעУеľ˼ϣʲô߰͢սҪȥ͡ݵĽܣʶʶ޼ɣҲʶС֣һͬ׷ɱУҲһЩս֮ꡣ
Ҫǣ֪ݺ޼ɵĹϵ֮ܣ֪еĸǣνĹĸ粻һЩνˡ
룬ԼݣڻĮһĻҲ᲻˹ȥ޼ɵġ
Ĭ
˵ƽ˵뿪ѡ񵥶սһսľʹʧˣѵ»ûйϵ
ٴγȥжһ
Ŀζ
޼ݵĸ磬Ҫúܺá
ȴĸ磬ǲҲøһ
˼Ƭ̣漴Ȼ
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Ϊ˽˷ڣѹʯɽ¡Լͻƣڣģֽѹʯɽ¡
ûֱɱģҲΪ׵ˡ
˶ʱ˺ѷεĺֱǸôĿɽ£ȻﳤȥⲻҪʲô
ݼңûжԱ˱ֳһ˿ηͬ飬ͱƶԴһҲҪɱҡΪҽ˷ڣȰѹʯɽ¡Ҿͻƣѳʯɽµһ԰׹ˡ
׹ǡ֣˵Ӽ
ʯɽµİ׹ǣʯɽµİ׹ǣʯɽ˭Ķģʯɽµİ׹ǣ˵񲻾ģ
˶ʱŭȵˣˣһжģĶƵʧٶйأ
΢΢ͷ·ûзʲô仯ֻѹúܵͣϰˣȷģϾǵĴ硣磬ϾǴ硣
ݳֿؿֻΪ˻ʵˣֻƾİ¡
ǷҪƾģò̡ǰ˼Ȼתֱݡ
һĻ˶ʱϣæʾԺͱһǰ
㻹ʲô˵Ǹйصĵط㷸˴Ҫ£
˵ûймҹ棬˭˴Ҫҹ죡ͻȻ֮䣬һ˾֪үˡ
磡ݡͬʱʩ
վݺͱм䣬ǳׯأˣֵ֮£Ϊʹĸ²ò֡˶϶أ½죬ŵù
˳˼Ƭ̣Ŀݺ֮ûзʲô˵ͷ躶£ҵȻġ·ͬСɣδʹ׵ģһҪϸЩ
躵ͷֳȥϰˣҰ£ɷ


424 ذ
ӭ躵Ŀ⣬˼
ǾʹӦ¡ΪǶԵģǶԵģٵѣҲͦ㡣ΪǴģǴģˣܳͷҲͲ
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ֵ֮£ֵ֮ϴǵˣ϶Ҳ˵ͨˡοүǳĹˡ
ڳ͢أأԴأԴͬءΪүԸ񣬱˶ҲǱȽϷġ
ĺͱʧˣҲѾϣ嶤ʵ㻹Ϊֹɣ
躹Ÿͷ˷ЩϾܵʲôͷҲ˵үִмҷҹ棬Ҫ˽СЬˡ
磬Ҷ
û̫ã躼ᶨ˵
ãϺסڼҲǼв˿һֳۣݿһۣȻ˺ϰ˶ҷģ¾˵ˡ
ʱӦɶլԺΧסæңؿܡ
СݣôˣӦɶ쵣ǵʵ
û£ֹġӦɶֱ
躳λŮɨһۣ˵ϰˣ˵ϴƶйһսһˣ𣿡
ݵǧȷ
ƱڻĮ֮ԵľӪû˺ȥϴڻĮսѹʯɽ档ЩҲʵ飿
һ顣
˷߷ߵͷ廰躣㶼ˣˣӷ
躾֣ѹѹˣ¼ȻҴͰҵż
躶˵ˣҲö˵ʲô϶С˶١ְλȻûĴ󣬾ҲûĸߣڼҲܵءôȴûа躵СΪһСһҳɣ·ĴˡټԼҲ𾴣ϵӶķǳ㣬˺֮ĹϵҲͻάϵĲ
˵˵ͷ㲻ٲ廰
ʵΪʲôҪ
ҪҲǴǷҪҡҪɱңܲΪǽ㣬ɱҪҺȥɱλ磬ȻҲҪ뾡һа취ܣֹȥɱˡ
ҲҪɱ˼֪ǣΪʲôڴǺֱɱǡնݳ󻼣Ǹá
躵ľĿ⣬ݵ鷴úɣһȻ״̬״̬£˵ĻĶϵﻰ
Ǳˣһ治顣ϱϾҽ㣬ģͬĸĸ硣ֵУɱһǳʹ£Ҳһ˭Ը¡ҪɱңҲɱǣߵһʱȴ²֡
ô˵飬Ϊֵꣿʵ
ݵͷȻǷǵƲѣ˭Ը˺ԼֵܽãʵҾãƹﻹһŮˣֻǱ󣬱á
Աϣݳ˿ȥ
˻躾߹ʵˣҿʼˣϰ˵ȥɱģ𣿡
ȻûУ˱粵Һԩ޳ôɱģ˵ˣȥҲֻԶ⺢ֲǲ֪Сͺ¶ݣرάԶܵܡڡ
˵˾Ȼ˼ᣬҲ
æסĸףοˣΪֹġ
躵ϰҪΪֹҲҪΪֹҲ˭ֵֹĹǹءĹأÿһͥĹء
˵仰ÿ˶ؿȴĴ
˳ã躵ٴ
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һ˵ȶʱסˡ
ĸо
صˡڡǹأ
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У躣ôôⲻƽ˶ʱˡ
ɫ࣬Դǵ˵ܹƽҪɱϰ£ǲǴĻָʹƵȷҪɱϰˡһҼʱ֣ϰѾˡ֮䣬ܵҪ𾴽㣬Ҫ۰ܵܡһҪɱܵܵĽ㣬ѵõܵܺģЩ˺ģϰ֪Ҫɱȴڴƺ飬һʲôԵ±Թǹأ
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ԣ˵һҲƿԡ
躽ŵϰ˺ϴڻĮһսȻ֪飬ֳҲûм֤ˣϰ˵ĻǸʱϰ˵ľϴԶˡϴȻ˺ϰ˴ⱾһľΪ磬ֱȵܸܵߣȻҪǿһսҲ˵ˣӮˣҲᱻ״˴
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˿ˣԵ˵Ҫ˵ңֻ󹫵ֻأ˵ϰ˰ϴѹʯɽ£ֱɱҲϰ˵ϣϰҪܵ𷣡ϰ˲ûд
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˵Ŀ⣬¶ķŭЩȴ˸оķŭǵ˼¡躣һһٵ˵ǰͲɣ
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˵ǹ϶ǹӡˣ֮λȻϣѵ㲻룿
ԣ˶ס˺ֳٴһ
ɫҲüΪ˵ҲԵüΪơ

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Ц֮Ҳ˲϶Ա˵𾴣ŭ񶾵ķˣֵ֮Ĺϵô
˫ֱȭԳ͢ķ򣬴״˵ֵߣɱ֮˵ĻǲǸôô㣿
㣡ֵܡֱ޷ˣ
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ҲȵŸ״˲ڣȻΧסϰ˵ԺӡڹңҪҲҵô
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ôܱǸڼ;÷Ϊ
ǾͿûǸˣ
ͻȻһ˭ֹͳͳ£
ű˵һ£ͻȻӰȺ֮ǰ
ʮӰǵϢ躺ݶס
Ҳ΢΢һ㶡
ʮˣȻȫ񾳣оȻɢϢ
ŭȵˣ㰲ôڸУҪ췴ô


425 ǵĸȥ
ûпͻȻֵʮ˵ȷǸ֡ÿڽʱɢԼȻûһڻ굤ÿһǻ񾳵ĸ֡оôϾȻɢϢͲǸôˣǿߵ
Ļ񾳻࣬йܼҸְҲҴһЩҲΪĻͣϳ˹˳˵ʹǺ͵ǿڣȴǱȽκһɶҪǿɡ
Ϊޣһˣĸ⣬ͥҲһҪԭ򡣱ǻһЩҲҪֱĻңǰԼῡ͵һЩȥ˼޸󣬱ұ֣͢ϵظ͢;˲šҵϵϣҲˮǴߣΪ׶ŵϺŵĴ塣
Ȼûжٵĳǿߣ۷ȴеģǾһ˫ټһ˫ŶˡڵĸֲôԱģԸүЩֲ˵϶Ǵӱġ
躸ɽҹܳˣ췴ıЩǳСûȥҲⷽ滳ɡ
躶ݺݵһڣϱҪҿⶥñӣЩ˶ҴӼ泯͢еģ
ЦѵϾôҪӱҽ
˵֪ʲô˵ˣڷ˵İ£ľ˿ɵʱҪ񾩽ˣ
ʵ״˵Ļ
ߣһЦǹ׿ڶ˵ģǲ֪ɣڸûڻʹ
ʲô躵ڻʹȥ
ǵĸףȥˣһǳɹͳˣ˷ܵ˵˵ԼɷԶôԺ
Ϊϣɷµһˡڳ͢УɷʵϵĻȨִߡһˣŮ˼˿ȵķգѡԼļҡ
һ뵽˾˷ܲѡ˵ʲô˵սʤ˷ˣսʤǸȫŮ˶Ůˣ
ҪĳɾšµһˣľͱضµһŮˡ
ңôӣҾŮˣ
ֽѰ˶꣬ҲƵĿЦ
֣躵˾һ֣ǵ𾪵ļ޷ݡ
ǴͲ֪׵ʵΪֻ֪ΪµһˣڻʹС壬ǵڵϺУǾ˵û˼̫ĽӦöǸ׵Ķ֡
Ǵû׻ʲôϵ
ڱȴǣǵĸζٳɹǾͳˡ
Ϊˣ
֪پĳΪɣɣмܳɾͰأ
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ʵˣ˵𣿸ȥɽˣ
صͷ⻹м٣ɽǰһˣҽһЩ顣͢ƷǳϾǲʵԵֵͷɽЩˣҲǺ͹úŽйġ
ݵ𾪹˵˼𽥻صǰȻǿӲ˵Ҳ˵ˣЩЧ͢ģӥȮġ㲻ǶԸϰˡ
ˣ˿ʾǶңҵļˡ˵ҪҲƾ޹ʵáڻĮϣΪ˾죬ϧԿ͢ľӡ˭ܱ֤ɱˣ᲻ٴΰԿ͢ԼʵȻһ㣬Ʋˣһ֧ȴǲܲ
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ݵ㻹ʲô֣
ΪҲô˾һӣ
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֣ݶԸ͹ԵȡԹҲûвҵĸо
վǰߴڵסݡ
Ǽֱڹǹүô
˵ǲ
躵ԣǲҡʲôҲֻһ굤ͶѡҸǣֻҪǸҶˣȸ״˻ԲŹǵġ
˵ŻˡǶǹģ͢ҪЧΪǡҪģʲô£һһе
ã˵úãͦص˵ǾȰҴ򷭣
Цһ򷭾ʹ򷭣ΪҲ㲻һСǰСУɺͳҾҪ֪ڸʱҲǸϵ˵ˣôҺúùܽЩ޷ӣ
ϣ£
һɫӰߵԡ
˼ȻҪ̹ܽүǾҲһɡ
˲Ǳˣ
վں棬λôվԼǰһһӰ·ͬɽ˸оôİȫôů
СݾûиףǰҲֻ޼ǰܵůλҲͬܵˡ
ݴδѹǼң˵ĸ飬ôһĻҲΪͿΪ躺
ҲҪã⼸֮ǰ˵һдأ
รôǾͷ
֣


426 ٳ£
˭Ҷ֣
һ·µ򵥵һ仰ÿһÿһͣٶвɵϺĵѹⲢʲôֶΣ˵ͽ౾;еĸо
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ʱ˿̣ͷ·˷µķ᲻ֻ֣̿ҿܡ
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ʱֻһ񾳻Ҳٶˡ
п֣пŵмһ֣֪ûС
У񾳻;˼𺳣һҪµĸо
һ仰񾳻Ҫ£Ǻεȵ
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ϿӹһƲʣһƲΧ֮£ƲнԳһӰ
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һǰһǳ˹Ĳݵϡ
һĻǴˡ⡭ʲôͨʲôǡⱾٶȣ
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ȥǰ˼˼嵭ֺαء
Ȼ̧ͷԣֻб˺ӲŸ̧ͷʱǷ֣ǳӴ󣬶оһεΧ衣Ĳĵһϵ⡣
⣬ֻֻڻҲе⡣
֮⣡
Ĳ躾Ǻͳ͢ԼҳԱཻˣʱܵϵ֮⣬ʱΪ𾪡
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ԣ˵ﶼ˼𺳡
ʵ۰껻ʴؽѾܡ⻰ʵǰѵ۹Ҳˣ
⡭ʲô˼иɽ
һҵĸͽˣҪѽɽ͸ˣ
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ݼ򵥵һ仰˶ǲԸʵ׿̫սʤ˵Ǻĳѩģǵʤǽ塢ڼǰϡǾˣ޵С
Լλˣȴľˡ
˴ˣǾ޵УǾ˭ʤ˭
ݾԼƺЩ֣ɨ⼸˵£ϷһӣԾƹݵСľˮһˡȻﳤȥ
һʱ䣬ݼڲУһԶԶ߱񾩳ǵÿһ֣񾩳Ǹеĵطݶȥˡʽ̣İĶĳݶһͰ㿴䡣鲢ûкΪûð취ЩΪʲôҪ취
Ҹƹһһ農һʾ˶˵ʲôֻЦһЦͱۡ
һƹȥ֮ʱһ֮ǰ׼ȥľƹݡУһʶ
٣
ݺһ첽ȥ
ԣͣһ£ʱϾһ˿š
ԭǰ˸磡̫ˣ
ݲʶ֮׼񾩳Ȧ쵱
ϸȻûӹݵ۾ݲû˵ʲôϸȺ˴
ܿóЩ˶׼ӣΨһЩǣһ׳ӼϿŵһ
͹ĺӡݿóװһˡ
ѵ׼ղһŵľţΪ
΢Ц˹ȥ


431 еŮ
٣ԷǺȲ裿
ԷԷæһ磬ֵǶˡ˸磬ûҪһ𣿡
ݾ׼ǳĽӴԴϴ񾩳ǽֵ׼֪ݺ󣬶̬ȿνֳһٰʮȴת䣬ΨְźĲã£Ϲүݽ顣ºҲȥݻᣬΪҪͰү׽żƽ׼϶һץסݵ֣ҲҪȥͬͣȻһûˣҪһĻ
Ȼ׼첻һ𡣶ݵԸҲǲԸཻģԼô˵ˣ϶Ҳ˳ˮۣ˵Щ׵Ļˡ
׼û뵽ݾȻ׼ĸ첲󷽷˵ţҲˣǾһˡ
׼ʱԭء
ʲôתˣ
Ȼ죬ϻǵǿջЦ׼ֻǲһԷȻˣҲûʲô˵ģǴЦүɱүҪʵö࣬Ȼ˸ҪͣһʲôֻҪ˸Ѫˣ
ݳЦС˼
ԣ׼ǶɫһݣݵĿЩ𾴡ʼǲ֪ʲô׼˸֡׼ʲô񾩳ǵϣֵͬ˶ĸǽ磿үܱƺΪ϶
ڿȻûⲻȻǹү
ҵĸ죬ǿĶӰ
д˵ľٴͻƣѾΪˡźܿţսǰʿɡɲɣµһ˵ͷɲԼȡá
ĶӣֲүҪ˿ˣ
룡ү룡ͷæݽȥ
ƹģѳӶˣǼүҪλүȥæܵƹǰһ˫˵
ǣƹʶ׼ģæͷܾĹԱ֮һץһѣĶӿǲġΪĿǰĹһʵǡ̫ˣ
ܰѹٶãҲҪµģԴƴλǮλˣһż
ԹٶҲһż׼ⷽĴʦ
ȻĻȫƴƴùԣƴùƫƫǱԺԵÿ
ƹݾ峡ˣ׼ݻڰ䡣
һ£ݺ׼ڵȲ˵ʱ˼䣬ȻǸһۡ
٣ʲô
ˣ׼̾ãЦֵˣһ˼磬һЩ⡣
ݵͷҾ˵ٵĶôôֲڵȥװ
ǣ׼˳ˮۣ˦˦֣ǶȥɣԼһҪͰ˸úġ
𡣡ѹѹЩɨһۣҲûˣһ԰ɡȻΪֵܣǾͱΪʲô֮𡣡
˸磬Щ˶ˣ˵ɤŴִ³𡭡
˵û˼ˡڽ֮ǰҲˡ
׼ΣֻõǺðɣȻ˸Ǿ°ɣ
ǣлүлү
ǻ£ȫȻ֪ڵʲôǿȴ͵͵׼һۡ
׼˵ͷ
ذڰĽ䡣
ƹѲ˹ζȻ׼ԣǵɤŽ˵ҲԽ㡣̸֮䣬ɫ۾׼Ц˵үҪ޸ˣ׼ɫһһ
ʾĻԽԽ࣬һЩҲԽԽ࣬ڲصҲͲܣֻһ˵ơ
֪ʱֻҪԼһ쿪һ䣬ܵõԼҪĴ𰸡
Ϊ˱ʾ׼𾴣ûȴ׼ƣ̫ҵˡǸ˶ŮˣǼƷɫٿеģѵһǿɣ֪װŮ˰ɣ
⡭׼һᣬ˵ͷ
Цʵģ
׼æվȻǣ
ǣʱҲϡЦģ֪ݺôһӢ壬ԼˣݵˣһӢ۾Լǿˣ
ǵϴΣԼӢ۾ǼĴɴå
ôָָ
׼̾ϢһѾ
ɷҿŮˣ
⡭
ôٲԸ⣿ݵжһЩ֮⡣
ʲôԸģȻ˸ҪҾͻȥˣ˵ţߵǰ⿪ŮӶʱڵϣǻԲѡ
Ҫ㿴ǣ
һŮӣʱϱǾȡ
ݵӦ׼ʮ
Ů˵òȥȻݺ׼ҪһЩȴȽᣬʮӡһɫװüĿ㣬˿ϸһۿȥһܿ˵Ůӡ
ݶʱΪʲô׼첻ԼڿԼʱˡ
ΪŮ졣


432 һıʷϢ
ݺ׼֮ԻʶΪ죬ΪһεӢ۾
ݼȻˣ͵ǸһŻ׼ٶ֣Ǵݵ
ҪÿȦȥ˵Ǿ׼̫صֻ˵ѹûݵ¡
ݵȻ
׼æ߹ֿ˵˸ǧҪᣡ°ģ
ݲߵԣ塣ûʲô󰭣ֻǶݵĻԡ
׼һԽ͵Ҫҡ˵ʲô˳ң˶ɱˣҳһ񾩳˵ĳҷǳһȺ֮ͽǷҲҸɱˡҪװظУҲûˣԸҵС檣ܳ˵ѡ
׼Ц֪ϲңҺǸȡҪӣҪҸطѡĳ˾ٵ죬ҲҴȥѰˡ
԰˸ǧҪᣬպңңҲȥġ
ˣһЦصλϡ
׼ĻģΪ֪ʵݡ
һĿġ
ĿģҲܲµһ
ͻȻ䣬Щ뷨·⿪һЩ泩
ݵɫȴԽ
һ̣ƱⱭơ
׼֪ݾ뷨㷵ĶƱ
һº󣬱еǰһڣȥ
ǣҲͷųĻȫڵء
ҪԸЩɫֻ趶㹻ˡ
˶ɨһۣȷûݱһɻ
Ƭ̺ӻнѹ
ǰݣųϲЦݣү㣡
ݽʳָǰܿ˿³Ե㶫˵
ȴǿϣһϰĳԶټ˵үҵˣ
ʵң
ͷǱߵݹϢ취ϵ㡣Щһֱ㡣û뵽֪Щ񾩳еҪǿ˶ǵץȡ߻ۼһȺ񾳻ͣǳǺֵܶܶץˡ񾩳Ҫ¶Ǵ粽С׼ȻȻܲͨ׼ϵ㡣ȴû뵽ͺײˡ
ݸ̾һŮˡ
ԣһжһɸмһʱ˵ϵʳ˵Ƕˡ
ݵѾҵˣͱˣȳԱ˵
ͷԶݵϲá
ݾؿԶ΢Цʵ鼤̶֮һ㶼졣ΪҲе͸ȡϵ޷ϵ֪ǵ״ҲáʵԸ
ȳԶƽҲԼƽ
ֱ˵鶼ƽˣݲһʳͣ˵㾡ϵңүķԸҪʲô
û˵
û˵ϵңȴʲô
û˵Ҫϵ㣬ǵ㡣
ѵǸ˼ֻǱƽ
ǲƽҡͷ̾Ϣ
ԣüɫʱޱأǾˣ
ʳݶ˵ڵ⡣񾩳ǵĴǳ˳ǽǿؾսǲ£ңɻĿֲ
ݺܾȣûд죬渵
񾩴ɻٶȺܾˣڳ¶һ죬ʧȥĻлһɡүľ磬ҲܵӰ졣ѾȥˣսѾ½һ룬ټʿԣѾбļˡүȲѣڳ¼˵ʴأȴҲ񾩴ֻγһ磬þӵսʧһЩȻĻٹȥһ죬˵ǣʱž򿪣Ҳȥˣᱻؾɱ仨ˮ
˵࣬Ÿ̾û뵽񾩴Ȼ
Ҳ̾ŴʦȻǸˡȴҲֵʱ򡣡
ʵүʲôѵһֱȥ
ɽڳ󣬵ʧܶΡүϣЩ񾩳еӦϣϣҵ񾩴ֻۡҪݻۣҲͽˡ
ۡһ漴ʵۣϢ
ɥҡҡͷϢֱǲɵ񾩴۲ڹʦУڻʵСڹҲˣȽʱ̣޷ӽʵۺ͹ʦ
ݵѵûбİ취ˣͷɽô֣ǿ󶼲У


433 Ҫ
Ҿ֪ͣвСֻ֪ǿɹҲ϶Ԫˡͷɽкܶû͢ͻʹһҲкܶ֡ʱˣԪȴѴˣʲôͳ͢һսأ
ݶʱĬ֪ǱѾ˲ˡ
񾩴Ļеʴ֣ھѾˡ
үּܼ죿ʵ
˵ֲ˼ˡеʴڣڳΧʮҲû⡣ǣһһĹȥսֱ½ȵʮԺˣҲûսˡڶҪģ䡣
ʱѾվڰ߶ԵüΪ
ͻȻͣ£ʵҸǿɻã
˵ᵽ˵ȻˣҲ߲񾩴ɡ
ߵߣһ⾰ɫӡ
ǣǹŵġ
ڳ˼
ûдݣҲûмԶֻǵͷĬ
ݽر۾
ʱƺȥ˺ܾãݽյ˫۲ɫǵ鲻٣ԵüΪȻ
۹Ҫʲô
⡭Щˣû뵽˼õͻȻðôһ̸鳶ߵĻһᣬÿ˶ͬɣ
Ƕ˵Ҫʲô
ҡҪģҵĸס
ĸף
šͷҸĸС죬ĸһ˰Һ͵ܵʱҼҺҺ͵ܵܶСΪҺ͵ܵܣĸ׼ܹеĻĸĺƣԵܺãһĸڴ˼˵ĻͣǶĸ׷ǳм㴫Һ͵֮ܵҺ͵ܴܵ˻֮·
˵ţϸֳһĨҸ΢Ц·ֻصյ
ҳˣҲ꾳Ϊһ͡ĸչԼԼҪĸˡһ곯͢м˾ӣ
˵ͻȻЦһʵһֱû˵ҵҪʲôղңҲ뵽УҲξŬΪͬһĿģĸ׹øãҪԼŬĸ׵֮ĻҵҪĲҵĸ𣿡
˵ԼĹ£ʱȻҸ΢Ц
ʼգݶؿ
ЦҲֳЦݡ
Ц绨ͻȻүǶ˵Ҫʲôأ
΢ЦǰҲ֪Ϊûڣ֪ˡ
û׷ݵĴ𰸣Ҳû˵ԼĴ𰸡
ãбȻĹ⣬Ȼһ㣬ͿϵֶΣ
Һ֮ԼκʱֻҪǶţ̫ԶĻа취Ϣ
ʱû˼ѯԼİ߹ȥЩҸȫĵطܹʱǧҪǱߣתүҪȫĹ׼֮ǰơ
ԣɴ۾ʲôȴֲ֪ηʡ
ļءΪĸףһҪء
Ŀ⣬תȥڸ׼Ŷ֮ʣ캰ס
ͣ½Ų
ʱöүҲҪءȻҲ֪Ҫʲô㽫ٶΣգһҪأΪ֪ΪҪǸǷǼ£ǿԻİ
ûתҲûлعͷû˵쿴ݵļԵĲųȥһ̣ݷ
ǰΪǶҪİ


ҹ޷硣
񾩶ҹȻӭһȡ
УһӰҹɫжСһɫҹ£һϵĺܽǰĲ˾ءУȴһ׳֮⡣
ɵȥճǵѩҹǸΪѩҹɱֵԼ
ʱеĲ׳ҵǰ֮ġ
ʱԼΪɱ˶ɱˡ
ڣ֪пܻҪɱˡ
ʱԼʵû̫
ϧǣҹѩҹ
ݵĿܼҲֱӣȥȡۡ
һ¶˾ģݱ㲻ٶ롣
һ׼Ŀ꣬Ǳᶨǰ
ҲԲһЩˣҲԼھΣκ¶ܻʮȫʮһЩˣͻ˺һЩˡкõһ棬Ȼͻлһ档ֻ֪Ҫʲô
ΪҪģ޷ˡ
ѩҹҹѩҹɱָˡ


434 ڰе㣬㡣
Ԥиݣҹᷢһս
Ա˵ݷǳɣʼղȷ˾ǲһ͡ڴǰЩ˱ֳ˴ͷŶǷ˵һ档ܾãûұҵС㣬ܲûû츳࣬Ǵͷʵ
ݸҿ϶˱ǻͣΪһˣҵĴС㣬ߵѾͷǶʵǷĸ֡һսġ
ΨһҵǣӱҶȺ񾳻Ͷ뿪ȥˣɼݵѹ
ȺڣݼֱҪΪһϣûС
һݻܶԸǾ治˵ˡ
񾳡ֻǼʶе񣬾֪ǸĿǰһ񻰡
ΪҲһᡣ
ȻǾǰ


֮ǰݾѾܵĶԱ˵Ժ졣ȻʱǺҹΪܹҹͬˡ֪ǰķЩ鷿ЩǿͷЩǱ˵Է
˵լԺܴ󣬹ԼԷʮ䣬˯Ҳûи̶ķ䣬⵹Ѱ۵Ѷȡ
жϣ۵İֻֿܡһǱΪһ֣Ժ˯һǱ˲صһֻԼ֪ĵططпңҲпֻһѰ˾޷뵽ĵط
ݴеĿĺȷֱѰۣұˡ
ڱϻǱ˲ˣֻбȱ˾ͷܴﵽĿġ
ڼң躺ҲڼңϵĻ񾳸ֶ뿪͢ˣʱԱҲʲô
һլԺһլԺڴĵլԺͣ¡
ͣ£ΪѾˡ
оһɹԼϮΪϮǴڣƫƫȴǴʶ֣·Ҫ⽫ɡ
ʶըǷѳϸС룬Ѫܣ̽࣬ѰƤµë״͸ȥҪϢݵһˣȻôϢĴ
ÿһլԺǰݶз
Ϊзͻ״ҲѴ
굤ȻЩ⣬ͬӿľײһ𡣿Ǳý˻ȴûʵĽ䣬Ǳһסһ㣬ͷݵڣ
ɳ·һ޴ʯݵѹסǣסжҪٴηȴ޷ͷųָоЩصʯͷȽţֻǹȽǦǳܡ
ݳĬı۾֪Լѽһ塣
լԺֻϡϡǹ⣬ǹ͸ïܵҶݳޣĹߺܰ
ײݵڷûɶĶľһӰϢߵݵǰ
ˣʱݸúܽһ㹻ݶʹɱеľ룬·ݻʲô
㼸ˣҪĳһЩ
ݶŮ˵Ϥļ̱ͬʱŮ˵Եúܵƽ͡
룬
֪һ
һ
Ϊʲôô϶ǹү֮ٻ޵ǰ;ƾʲôΪһͳ͢ԣ
ΪĶӡ
Ҳ
ǸŮˣһ£һЦЦЩζ٬ЦŵǸǿԽ϶£ûֹܹĶӣ֪Ƣ
֪϶ʲôʵ
ڻĮΪ˰ߣϧͳ͢ԣǼ֤϶¡
˵ûһ˿仯˵һƽʵŵڱ֮Ϊĸ硣Ȼ£Ϊ˾ȸУȫүݡôĸ绹񾩴ܿ࣬Ӳ֪ջѡǣҲ֪ΪĿˡھΣԥû뵽ԥôá
һֱڵҡ
ÿҹڵ㡣
ȵˡ
Ȼȵˣ¾͸иˡ
ҪһĽ
ĶƶУ֪Ҫʲô
ǰһȻΪĺͱƱ𣬵ʱǳķŭɴʱݴһ˿ŭζڲһԼ޹ص¡
֪ԽԽ˵˱ľġ
ݵȥʮ㡣һֱǸĵŮˣҽıˣʶı˲ͬ
˾ȻһЦܱںҹУһʱܸоõһЦʱǳ
ƺǰֻһŮˣڵϹ˵Ůˡ
Щ첻ܼҹܼڰ죬ҹ
ݵͷˡڵ㣬㡣
˵Ҫ㣬ѩɽǱ굤ѱ󷨸סԽûͻ£Խֱ顣
ݵ󷨺ı˹Ȼͬ죬ʩչĻ󡣡
עҪԵСù躲ڼңͼ͵ȡ񾩴ۡ賯͢ʲôԻסͨɱ㣬˵ıʽܺáĶʲô⣬ҲðϢ
̾ĸΰģΪκ顣ҲһɾĳȻֶŮҲôá
ԣǳĬһú˵ƲֶŮ
һݵĳĬڰִ˵Ů


435 
ڰУһĬ
ݺܲӱ˵飬ΪʲôҪΪ֪ʱڱѾˡ۱Ǳ˺ͱ˵ĺӣи޳ܵĺĻȫ֪Ҳνˡ
֮ǰ˵ĻǷУҲǳĺǰսУҲһЩ󷨣඼ǷΧĴȻϬЧһкܶһֵ󷨵
ֵƵĻȴݾԼ·ر¶󷨵ǰԼһһȴΪ
Ŀ£˵ûʹԼԽ󷨶ԼķɾԽ
һ
Ϊʲôȥˣ룬Һͱĺӣ
ڰдƽ͵
̹ϵ˵ȷ뷨
ƱĶҪС˵ƵʱǹˡȻˣԲ£
˵ҵŮ
Ҽ޸֮ǰҴ͹ǼõѡһսУΪ˹ʱҴʹɩûкӡһֱھδ£ΪǷҵġҺ͹Ķ󣬹Ķȥң̸硣ʱҲûкӣĶжǹĳӣҪеεˡҲͬ⣬Ҳաֻ꣬ƣἰ£Ǳƹ̸硣ôȥˣҺͱһֱֳĬһֱҲ֪¡
˵˵ڷһЩ˵Ʋ֪ȴ֪Ϊ㣬ȻѹסʧȥһһŮĳޣ
ҲЩ˵ƾȻҵ׽㡭
ߣʲô׽㣡Ϊ⣬Źˣ
⣿ˣɻ㵽˵ʲô
ȴһЦ˵ʲôʲô˵˵ʱȡΪǰɣ
ݳĬ
Ȼˡݣ͵Žܳͷɣ
âͻȻںڰǱ˵۾Ĺ⡣
ھȥѹˣǼ֤ϸҵ뿴֪Ҫ͵۾֮ѹطߵĶôǸЩôйֻô
ҳȥΪܳȥô
˵ͻȻһͣƫͷʲô˼
һЦ
ʱĺڰ·ȼһ㣬̼仯ΪСݺͱͻȻ·һ磬һһĿռ䣬зׯ԰лв԰һưĸԶһڰзĴ
ݺͱڸռ֮У
ѩҹɱ֣ѩҹУģһƽһС
ѩҹɱ֣ͬĶУȻ飬Ǳ㾡ȫȻ㾡ȫǱǲ׾κֶΡڽÿһլԺÿһǰݶʹֶΡ
ڽʱĪĶһ˿䱸ñ굤֮סӡı굤Ǹռ䡣
Ȼģ˱˲úõ
סͬȴѱռɡ
УڿռС
ۿܵһУͻȻƿԡ
ʱ޺ڰܺĿ˵ģ
ʱıһ֮ɫĿ˯ۣûκױ磬ȴκʱҪÿʮĸˣϵĵƣ˫۾һֵŵ㡣
յӺݻֱһ崿Ůܴ˵ĸоû뵽ı˾Ȼʡ
Ĳ˵ò޸ȻûзݣңɼƮķ˱ƺһޡ
ǳ㱻ͳȥûм̳еĸ׵ʡλסڹеĵһǺͱ˴ʱģҲѹСʵΪߵ˽Ըһƽޣ˴ƺ
ʱܿ϶յּ̱ŰͨͨαװһŮˣһܹĵŮˡӼ޸ĵһˡ룬˷ˣộһǵһˡ
ݺȻףΪʲôΪŮ˶ˣĸˡ
ҪһѡʱŮ˾˵ġοĵһΣδ˵һӡ
ȻƿԣݿűˣһʱȴҲ˵
ͻȻЦˡ
ЦĲ꣬ȴһǰδе¡
΢΢һ¸оӦɶ¸оһȾչ·ʲôŮˣ·ǵûκϵֻɽеһŮʿֻ캣һСá
ݺӦɶʱѩʱҲָо
ָоһ£ҲһֶԱȡ
ƽݵĶԱȡ
ʱӦɶӦҼȻжôĸ߸ϣȴֺͬ˸ĸоĴҲкܶ࣬˵ĻǸֶΣǸꡣȴʵһ棬ڲͬ¡
ڱϣͬܵ¡
ͬȴͬ¡
ôˣСƨҲ͵ŮЩ뷨ô


436 ߣǿ
ͻȻ˵ĻЩĺûлػ
ֵʮ˰ɣҺ˭Ư
ͷ⻹һڸռбֵӣȻĸ׸Ư
ûЦˣʵһɵ⣬ԼĸױȡĸԼĶŮеȻƯġ
ȷҺܳϡ
֪ʲô벻ĸף϶ΪҸƯֻǿϧͬһɱƤ񣬵ϻǾסǰѵĺҿ˵ۡ
˵ķǳģ·˵һȻ쾭¡
Ҳûз
ĩˣ˻ܣʵ
ݵҵĿռС
סûл
ҵı굤
Ǳ굤ҲҪɱס
Ϊұס֮ǰұ굤֮С
ԡ
ú˵ȻǸǸѲĽɫ
˵ҲгǸѲİܸңưܸңĮľħܸңǺųһһ˵ĵڴҲܸҡҲΪҾͻܸ㡣
ЦҲһܸ㰡
ݵ̬áһûʲôʤ㡣
΢΢һЦ
ʼգչֳֶΣû
Ȼ֪ĵס
Ѿܹ϶϶һ͡Ϊжʲô磿굤񣿻Ǹߣ
ȴ֪
ʲôֻԼΪ͵ı굤ڽԼĸռ֮лܱõ̬ǾһǳֵĶˡ
ݲ¶ǿ¶侲
ǰôೡսĴǱԼģϰʤǿǰǣֲбҪ侲̬
Զׯ԰ͻز·˲䱻һŮӴӻת˫ſΧϣ˫ۺᡣ
Ůӣ˻һ
֮ǰеĵһ˲䱻߽⡣
ƣ۾ɵϴ󣬳ŮӺ
ƿ˱һۣȻͷţȴǿס
ΪڸռУݺͱ˵ĶԻȻˡ˶ʮıС㣬˶ʮĹùãͷ֪ùʵԼĸףԼձ壬
ǲܽܣһ𺳡
˵ƵȷҵϣһûɱֻǷΪһȫҪţҲȫǰǴӴԺֻҵĿռšһøɻÿܹɣԷ˯أֲˣĺƽҲܺáΪܺá
һ˵Ϣϵ鸴ӾȵԸӵĵز
۾ָ𱸵㣡㡭ȻƸֲȻЩũ㣡㡭
Ȼס֫Ķܹģ̯˫֣һνӣЩôˣкôģƽϸǰЩƴǶôƣζʵӦøлңڻúܺò𣿡
ŭˣȵǺܺãֱŰǰū
΢΢ͷòãԼȥ
ƣƣҲúݶ೶æǻȥ
ͻȻ̧ͷһ˫۾űˡ
㡭
⡭͵Ŀűƣ֪һǸղźݵĶԻŮңæƣҡҵŮﲻⲻ㣬Ҳⲻ㣬ⶼпԵİ
֪ҶˡҡҡͷǡҵŮĸִӱ˵ҲƲס
Ůұ㣡
Ȼǰߣׯ԰߳Ůˣ˱Ƶǰ档
Ůˣ˾ƣ£
ҽûгֻƽĿ⿴űˡ
ԭ죬ҰСߣ
㲻ҪȻݹ顣
һ㶡
ݵǻƻûʶǵǰȻһǽ֣ѲʶǶԽãȻǱҵˣҲȻķԸУѲǵС㡣෴ǱƵˡ
һ㶡
侲ƽͣµһ̱ŭȡ
²٣٣ֻзŭ
ݣ㾿ʲôˣ
˵ţ˷ŭĳҽȥ
飡
һɾ޴ͻȻׯ԰ϿֱӺڱǰе·ϡ
ǹ¶һĨ㵣˺󼸲վ޷˳ĸǷΧֻͷųֵ
ʱע⵽ͷųĻȻõ֮
飡
ը˱˵ԭλϣݺݵĿǰ
ҽǰ棬ܴڿڻ£Ц٣ڸռжôţȻ۸Ǽƺ£ֱ
˱ƺͻĿ⣬ܴڼҲģȻº𡣡
ʱ΢΢һЦˣصĹȻǻ񾳻͡
˵ҾҪռ䣬ɱ㣬ƣ
ݵҪ״㾳Ҹߣ񾳣ҵı굤У޷ӳȫ
˵ҲҪѱס޷ս
޷սǿԡ
ڤڶɴһɺ̤Źűˡ
Ҫ˲ȹ˵
ܱǸߴǰǻ˵ȭͷײš
˭ڸռҰٲ
ϣһ׹УСŭĿǳ⡣
Сܴ֡ڡֱܱڶĸλΧм䡣
һʱ֮䣬ռеɱ졣
ǵһڸռơ
һ̵СǵƤɰĺӣսսǸǸռеİˡ
վԡںȻ£бµĹ⡣
ҷߣǿ


437 аѻ
ռеΪѵǿֵʱݾôһ죬һ˻븡ռ䣬Լ븡ռ䣬̶ڸռзơ
ôˣؽܸռеŭ
ΪⲻƣСЩƣơ
ߣǿ
ⲻһںţݺͻźڸռϿջص
ѷŭȻܺƽճ
±޷ƽճ
˵ԼܣǾɱݵľġ
ñ˿˸ռȫòҲǲųȥ

һսս
ⳡսϵݵսȴ޹ء£ݸ޷޷ս
ţһսҪСǾ㹻
бҪõжôǸռ䣡
ҵĵţ
СܱܴЩħ֣û˿η壬ϵȻǷŭ
ԼıŮȻЩһһǻҽǰǸܴڵʬôԼŮ˶ٿֱ붼롣Ща룬ʬ˵Ƕ۾еĿⶼչֳĺɫҪԼŮС֡ôߵĿͷҲôġŮܵס
ǺãһҪŮȳȥ
ŭˣһЦ
ñƳΪ˴ﵽЧ±жǿΪ±񾳣ڸռҲֻܷӳ񾳵񾳣ض෢ӳ굤۷
µǱ侲һ侲ˣܶ취漣
һ֣ΪƵܲҡʱ侲Ͳˡ
գݲںֲǵ£ʲô
Ϊ˶ᵽۣΪ˾ȸ磬оһҪɹ
Ĵ۶Ǳ˵ģ¿඼Ǳ˿࣬Һθɣ

ռУ
һ̣ռĴԪͬʱ˳֡
˲ʾʱԼ֮ʹǿĻ
ѻаѻ䣡
ӱ˵ﵯΪһ㸲ڱճ㡣ת䣬ճ㻯ΪһȽȽĺΧű˵Ҵܣñ˵Եһ㡣գЩΪʵʵĴڡ
ǸڣһȺаȻѻ
ʱ˿̣˵·һȺѻγɣŶ˳ªϣΨÿһÿһ·𽫴ѡ
˫־𣬶ʱϺֱϵѻڷɣһѻ裬ΪΧ衢ɢת
ɵԶѻѿȴռ˷Ʈڸռвһа
ԭĸռУиڤڶɴĹսꪵĽȴûа
аħаħ˿ڿ˵СħаħʵԼаħ۵Ĺ֣ݶʱҶ϶ҵĻȻɾ
ݲ֪һ֣ʹԼǿĻֻڶѻ״̬²ʹǻаѻ䣡
ڰ죬˾ƽƽһŮˣƲǻͣⲻһ˵Ĵ˵Ĵ˾ǱͱһµŮˣԼͲ߱κս
˶̣Ϊڹؼʱ̵ı
һ֣ɱС
аѻһռͳһаЩѻǿɱѻÿιѱһźɫıϾͻһѪ⣬ΪѻĹͬʱȡȻ͵˵
һкͰ˴֮һѪֺƣѪֻѪȴѪͬʱȡӳսֱǿ˼¡
ݴعϵĻ磬Ҳ˵ǵĻаħ֮ȷǳһ񾳻ͣûбǿĻмΪǿûйе£Ҳûбǿ
ռеƺ˱仯һУʱͬƽռȫڱΡ
⻹ڸռ˵ȫӳɾѹ棬ͷųûжôǿ󣡹һʹ˸е˾ѻɪɪ֮µȴո


438 һһ
ѻ裬ÿһѻǱڹֵͬʱȡֶΣ·ֻҪȺѻɹĵطΪѻ˸ռ䣬ռ䶼ɱһ֡
⺧˵һĻ̫ͻȻ񾳻Ͳ£Լʵ㹻񾳻࿹⡣񾳻Ҳ£ΪڸռУߵʵ˵Ŀ֮Ļаѻһ·ռ˲̮
С鷢
ʱ˿̣ͲҪݶ˵ʲôĴԪ֪սǴսҲСȻУǾͱһзֳʤ
СƼӸ·ɳھԳħ˲䣬ųɰ׹⣬ȫ뵽Գħ֮ССӹµ˲䣬ͻȻֳ׳ٱķһССͬʱ˴˹ȥ
Գħ죡
Գħ죬ͷѯʲ죬Ҳʲ죬ǵͷ߿࣬ǳĬеͷųԼױȵ
أôصİ𶯲졣
죬Ҫ㣡
СǼӰͷųӴݲɵˣһοСʹҲǵһθͬܵĿССС
СһǱ굤ʹݾʼԼСκ£Լ»СĶ֣
Գħ죬죬ʵҪͱһ
춼Ҫͱһһ˻֮ʲô
һҪ㣡
ʱСССɵݾüֱֻҪСһܹսʤˡ
ȻֻСʹʱƶѣҲȾҲýСһ˾սʤˣǲܾԱ߿šԽǸܵСƣǱԽƴȫҪսѪΪҲҪС˾ýԼҲܹͬսʤˡ
һָȾŶӵĸȾ
̤ͬһ֧ҵļӺбȥйֱָˡ
ڹǰȥ˲䣬ĺȫӿꪼ⣬ʱһǺȻ쳹ſ־ֵΧ
ǳˣĻֻҪһ۾ͻᾪֵĲѣͨĻͣҲΪɪɪΪⲻǴĿֲ棬⻭汾;мǿ֮⡣
·ֻҪʹⳡսûбҪټȥˣΪѾ˵
ڤ⣡
ڼǰǻ굤ͣȻڻǻ굤мʱ䲻֪ѧ˶ٻһڤĻ
ڤ⣬ڤ⡣
ȻֻһڤȻֻһ굤ͣʩչȴڤ⣬ڤ⣬ͷŵڤ⡣
ڤڤ⣬ڤƹڤʲô⣿
⣬Ҫ
ڣҪ
һꪴ̳Ҫ
Сʹɱеʱܴڽڿڼϣٴ˿ڡ
һΣǼ򵥵עȻͷšʹһ
Ļ
ɰũڣ
ɶɱɱ
ɣ
ڱħͼųҵĹâÿһħ񶼷·һ㣬״ܡ
ũڴͷųһɲǣеħ·ĶˣΪɹâɵӰŭ𡢻սŴһ𳯱ɱ˹ȥ
;еʱ˴֮УʹںΪһ塣
䣡
һ·͸ռȻܴڱڵĺˣҽòסվȽŸǴѾѻȺС

ݵǰ棬ܱͬһٶصսдһɷ·ҪѴ˺ѳһӵӿϢҰжѧеĳײ˹ȥ
ܱıӰ𺳲ѡ
̹׵ĳϣЩ£ΪȫÿһëͷƤ飬ǻ·ڴһ㡣
ΪڴڱλϵԼԼǽ֮أʣ
ڴ֮ǰû뵽ĴԪͬʱ־Ȼܲ˴ܡ
Գħʲ죡
ڤ⣡
һڷųȥҪɣ
ٶݻһУ
Ĺͬʱ𣬾ڰеսꪶη壬ǲһɼǿҵսݱסս̲סԼˡ
һսʢ磬һʢ磬ռһַǷ
ĹͬʱѻȺУЦݣ˷ܶ𺳵Ŀ⣬̲סȭͷݺݵĴĸ˵һһ


439 
սĽû
˵⼸˵һһ仰ǷǳȷġСġԳħ족ֵġڤ⡱ܴڵġɰũڡĻ˵ǾСܱƺܼ򵥴çײʵҲþ˻ĴԪĺϻ޷սʤˣҲûҪٴȥˣֱˡ
ռ˵ضɽҡ𶯣һϷγһĢơռĵըһټĺڿӡڿ룬ڳ鴤
ʱıѻָƽģѻȺûˣ·ҲֻʣһĳУһЩסĵط޷סôȫڿ
ҲǱ˵ĶѻǿȻڿ϶ʣˡȫѪ죬һûһĳ鴤ã·Զ
ƣŮҵŮ
ʱ˿̣ûкҲûжֻڽлһ֡
һƺڶִ߳ꪱĲϡ
ɱ𣿡ʵ
ߵӵıԵ֣ʾַ¹ꪣɫӵؿűˣ۸ңһ
ûݣֻǺƣơ
ݵƣ£ѱƴ
ҽôߵӱߣƺ󣬱˵мųƴŲܵȥȫ˺ۣһûУ˵ܣȥ
һǽסĳжɢˣ׻Ƥ˺ۡ
Ҳ̲ס
Ҿ֪Ľ㲻úġҡͷ˵
Ҳᣬߡ
ƼҡͷúܺãҲߡ
ʵ㲻ߣ߲ˡ
Ƶʲô𣿡
ʹ۾˦˦ͷƺϵ˦Ȼȥȵ񶾵ˣ㾿Ҫصʲôʱ򣡡
ҲûˣǶԱʵ˵ʵǲߣ߲ˣ
Ǻһᣬսʱ򣬺ߡڣߡ
ݳȥ㿴ĲߡȻҪɻҪһЩǰû£Լ˵úܺáһƬǣ˼ﻹоǾһƽˣҾͻԴҽһṩһİǸʱǸռһӣʲô͸ʲôһ˴šѵòڣΪʲôҪߣ
ݣҲ˵˵
ǵģҲϻһݣһΣѲ۸ңۣһ
Цһôҵ
ݿ϶˵Ȼѵ㻹ȥô
Ը
ЦЦڿ˵ԲƣǰҲл֣һһϦദⲻ⣿ѵ˵ĶǼٵģղҲ㣿
ݣҪĸŮĹϵŭҵȻҪһ𣡵ѵĸŮҪôƳȥҰ۸㣡
ҡҡͷתȥٷˡ
ݣʲô˼
ݵΪҲ֪ô㣬ֻڸһᡣ
Цôѵ֪Ұ۲ô˰ɣˣҵѾ߿ңһըʱ㻹лõۣ
̾ϢһײĲᰡ˵ţСһۡ
С˵ͷ
һ̣Сߵǰش
ҧŭӣ㿴ʲô
С̧ͷִĻȪ֮Ҫ
ֵ˵ͷ
ž
һ˦һƺͽ˵Ȼһ͵ش˹ȥ
˵͵һʱ·Ҫ뿪һ㡣ʱСһԾǰſ³һư
ڱǰֻصСС
С£ʵ
СӿQݵļϣ³һСƿӡ
ݽӹƿӣԱһЦ
˵ɫʱҰסʱֵѾɳڣ͵ĵ£Ǿ
ЦҪĶ㿴ܣҷİڱĵطԼػĵİɣ
ⶼ뵽ˣǾˣܴĴָŹƨĻᡣ
ݳС΢΢һЦҶ񾳵˽⣬ûôԶ뵽۲صռǱץˣռױϴ١ûôױ˷ˡСҵġ
ԭֱ̫ˣ˶ǻ۵ģܴڻǲԼƨı£۾ȴһ̶û뿪˵塣
ʮˣ̴氡ܴ޾߹ԼѾаˣǴǰǸɫļһڵԼһŮ˳İԼǰԼҲȻ϶ҪģֻǲвĿ⣬һ͵
ֵɱɡ
ƫͷƣû˵
ֱݵ۾˼
΢΢һЦ
ҲΪ顣
Ϊʲô
룬Һһ븡ռк󣬾ĿʼҵǰͲҵĸסôȻҲҵĸס
Ʊ۾תȥ£޹ء
ݵĵݡ
ƿɬһЦȻ۾͵⡭ҳ׺ǰϾһеɡ
űƵıӰҲ۾
û˵ʲôѱ쳣ƽ·ʲô¶ûзһ
δãʵ
ݵһɡȻҪǰϾһУǾͰһطϾҵŮˣҲ̫顣
ƽ˫۵չһЩ͵͵˿
Ц
ʵЦʲô
˿ݣ¶ϷʵĹ⣬һЦ
˵ʲôŮˣ
㵽˵ʲô
Ƿ˾ֹסЦ˵㻹ΪǹүҸݣͲǹˣͲĵ


440 
ݶԣǲĵν
ǰô꣬ûԼǹүԹֶûжճǵʱͿ˵ԺյıͿǿҪߣҲߡ
үν
ڵ֪ԼݺΨһ뷨뿴Լĵʲôӡ
ϾǸĵ
˵뷨
ٻȨƵλû
˭ⲻԼܹıġ
ڱȴĵ
ҵĵ˭ʵ
֪˹Цƫ㣡
ǺУЦҪ֪׵˭ȥĸװɣǸʱȷЩɫҲܻṴˣ඼ϧˣӦġ㻹ǿôȻԼĵ˭֪Ҫ־͹ĸ̫ɧ
ת˵ˣ
˵Ϊʲô˵˵ƣݱҪҸöࡣҺ;Ȼû㣬ǳչ㣬ǵŮȴҸĵ˭ǿĺӡ
˵ˣƳݿһۣݵɫޱȲ԰ף޲ܹȥס˵͡
Ҫ˵һҪ˵ݣĸǾĶûǾġ㲻ǣͱģһŮˣһӾȻˣӣпֹܻɣݣĸ׻ǶԵס㰡
һĨԱ˲Ҳ˵ˡ
ˡ
˵˫ͨ죬кɫˮ۽¡
ǲᣬѪ
ݱס޷ʹȴɱ˱ˡʹȫ֮࿹⣬ֻΪ˻һǳСļ϶ͷųȻǵɱ˺۵ıˣȴܵصˣѪ۽
ﳹ״̡̼̲ŮñɱУҪɱ
ҿԣҲԣҪɱҶУ㲻ҵĸף
ο㻹˵˹֣
ǲĶӣһ㶼ںСҾûеһӶûеҲûйϵҪĸӵĹϵȥ
ű˳ڿУһĿ־壬ƶͷϥࡣ
ãվһԲĳׯ԰ȥ
£Ķˡ
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ССݸ磬ûҼһֶΣǰȡ䣬ȻҪѺܴӦܹɹ
̾Ϣҵ˭ѾҪˡ
ͻȻ䣬ԼڻĮ˧Ƶƻʱ˧ƵضԼ˵һ仰
ĵ
һжעģͲҵĵɣ
С϶֪
ݿɬЦЦطˡ·Ҿͳ׺͹ˣ»ñ͢͹׷ɱǻɡ
Сϵص˵ͷ
Ҳǿǵһ㣬Ҳ̫˷ȥȡ䡣ΪݺãҪҲΪȥ
һʩչԶݸڵĻûȥϵѪᣬװ۵ƿӴ򿪡
ƿӺСװҩǾˣ֪һռ
ָƿӱãȻƿӵʱһ̹ƿƮ
ಡ
һ̣һƼٵķӹռ䣬ռȻΪһƬɫ
ɫת˲ΪռΨһɫʱʵʱ飬ɰѸռеﶼС
ݽסƿӣƼ䴫΢󻬸дԱܵЩ
ƿеĴڴݸĸо
һ̣ܿ϶ƿװˡ
ΪԼΪʲôš
Ϊʱеģ񾩴󣬹غ񾩳ǴĴ󣬹غһһһȴ˥Ĵ
һͱԼУ˭š
ΪţݰҲȥǿֱ˫ֱóȲϸ΢Ķſʼҡƿӣͼƿ۳
ˡ
ݵҡΣƿӿʼ

ͻȻ䣬һεɫƿûʲô
ƿͻȻ򱶣䣬ʶ˺һ䣬ŵؿգ֪һ̻ᷢʲô
СǴʱݿ£עգʲôΣշҪܹһʱ䱣֤ݵİȫ
ǵĺģҪģǵĹʶ


441 
Ƭ̺
ڵϵƿ׼ȷ˵ƿӱЩԭ۵ĻͬһԡĻ
ԽԽֱƿӱ洫ݳȥȴûйâֻ͵Сһ̣еɫƿӱ棬ǻصƿ棬ƺҪɷҺ壬ǳ
ռĵϺȻϢĶһѷ졣
ѷٶޱѸ٣תۼݽŵףһʶ˺һȻע⵽ѷ첻ѷ죬Ǹռ䷢Щ΢ĸı䣬Ȼˡѷ죬ǵγɵĲ۵
תۼ䣬ռĵϣ۵
۵ֵԽԽ࣬ԽԽܼͬһεĿ̵ƽ⻬ĵϣиֱߣи֡
ƿӱĹҺ˳ŻԱߵĲ۵ȻϪˮ㣬˳Ų۵ԶȥֻûСϪЩ۵ĹҺʵѸ٣תۼӵıԵ
Ҳ֪ƿӱ澿̺˶ٹҺ·֮ͣʣԴԴƺȡ֮ߣһᣬв۵
ݽŵؿһУбȵĹ⣬ĿŲ۵ĹҺͣƶ
ԵĲ۵ɵĹҺ࣬ĵֱߣһ鷶ΧĸռΧ·γһɫĳǡ
Ȼ䣬۵ĹҺʼҵط··һƬһ𣬹ҺĿҪڡ
ݺͻǵ淢ء
ϸ΢ڵص׵𣬷·仨ţ·ں·ڻ
ʵϣֻǲ۵ڵĹҺ塣
ˮˣȻΪ塣
Щɵ壬ڿһƮѵ۵ɷ档
Щɫâ棬ڵϹ壬Ľȥô壬ô翣ȴôʵ
һСǣȴǼΪǳעĿ
ǻʹ
ܴھȵ˵ݿȥ
ҲĳˣȻûʹڻʹ⿴ʹܶΣҺֵĻ壬Ҳһ۾ϳǻʹ
ݿǰɹâɵĻʹȵ˵
һ΢񾩳ǡ
񾩳ʵģǻŵġ
ͻȻŲǰȥҪ߽ɹâɵĳ֮С
СļϣܴǽЩӲڲȵЩ񷿵ʱ򣬶С˼㣬ܾԼһˣһŶ񾩳Ǵ޴˺Щâγɵ棬ʵ粢ͨӴʱûзκα仯
΢񾩳Уݵĸоܸӣ𺳣ԼϤķ羰뽨һ۾ҵ˹Ϊҵûлʹô΢۵Ĳ֡
ֻˣ΢УҲֻһһĺӡ
ûö೤ʱ䣬ݾͨеķʽ񾩳ǹһ飬˲ɵ
Ҳʱ򣬹ɳǵɫâ
ʧǾۼһγһεīɫӣһҡ
ҡϣ·һ֧εıдɫ֡
󣡡
Ĭ֣񾩴֡
ɽΪȡ֣ѵԢԼһ
Ȼȴ֡
ǰöд֮ˣŸ߳ıھʱ־͵õ˴ҵϿɡֻҪǿҰһЩȴھ¡ۺˮƽҪá
һ֣ݾ֪ɽ鷨ϾǵĴҡоԱ֮ܵ⡣
Ƭ̼䣬īɫҵʻڣȴʧˡ
һ֧ɹâıƾճ֣ǰ
ĪҪҲд֣ݾȵסʡ
ӦСһֺʹȡÿȨķʽСݸֻҪдղ֣ȥĴĿȨˡ
Сһ˵ݾˡ
ȻˣҪ롣룬֡
ɽ裬Ȼɽ֡
ҪƵ룬Ҫдղźɽһģһ֡
ɽ鷨ң˵ˮƽܴﵽǸˮƽġҲһġ
ûô򵥡õ˴Ҳδܽÿ롣
ݽǵССݸ磬԰ɣ㣡
һȻ˵ͷ
һ̣ݻӱʺ飬ڻڴĿһд֡
ɿдֺԵЩʧ
Ϊдֺɽµ̫Զˡ
ˮƽľжôԶЩ֣ȫͺɽĲ񡣲񣬵嶼һ
⡭
ɾʧʱдֿʼȻಡһ»ΪһŹݵ塣
ݱ۾˼һᣬȻ¶Цݡ
ڸоԼһ壬ȡÿȨˡ
⡭ܴھô£дֺͿʼȫһ
΢ЦֲΣ⡣Ŵʦ鷨ңҵܺȣŴʦʱʵڸ⾳дʱȻһʼҲ֪ܲУҲһֳ԰ɡ
ܴڵɴ۾ݣĴָ޵ߣֱ̫ˣ
ݳ˿̾ϢһʦΪ࣬͢СĴҲ⡣󽫲ڣֻ˵ǳ͢˶ʧܣǾܴ°ոõɡ
ڡݱ۾ȡϵҸôݻˡ
ռ⣬񾩳ǵϿգһĨ͸Ĺâʧ
̰еÿһ䣬Ļ
ơ


442 
뿪ƹ֮ϾϢϢ߲˵ܾˣϾǹүµһĶӡҲ˵û󣬾Уеٻȥ췴
ܶ˲ţܶ˻ɣֻҪһž͹ˡ
˾馡
ʵϣҲŲѡ
Ϣֻ˵֡

Ǵһҹδߣ֮ʣס񾩳ǵĹâԼҹ˲ʧ
֪ˡ
ȵѹּȵйĵطʱ򣬱ǼȵııûʧҲݵͼѾûа׷ѡ
ƣǳơ
馺ľǽ񾩳ǡ
˺Ҳ񾩳ǡ
񾩴ҡ
ھֻͽӭʮͷʱʮһ֧вȨľӽ񾩳ǡ
˵ŽӭսʵϵӭսʱѡĲǺͱսʿһͬУǹűմĶڼ
еģȻֻг͢սʿǡ
һǣеսս˫ı񾩳еÿһĲɿǰĵգ񾩳ѱս۰ҹдӳ񾩳Ͽγһǵ㡣
ҵĹǰһ֧׵ĲɱһѪ·Ϊ˽󲿷ֽʿ⣬ֻʮ˺һʮ˸ʮ㣬ÿһɪɪȻǻĸ֡
ԺһլԺʱѾۼˣүڱһʬʹޡ
ʬǰͣ£˫ϥŵأĹݡȻȥĲȴϵĴйĹأӵĵȻҪ
ʮҲ̹£ǱǱ˴ӼģǱҵˡҴСҲ
躾ؿԿǾ߱һ鲼ϵʬ壬ΧɱȻ۾
úߵԼġ
Իعͷݺһ˦ŭȵ߿
躷ǳƽ硣
֪ѵϹ𣡣Զݺݵصһۣƺĸ׵ͻȻǰδеֱ躲¶һ档
㣡㻤סɱ͵ۣˣǼϸ
ǹͽ磬㿴صͽ
ÿһÿһ䶼ֱָ躵ģ·һͳ躵Ķ⡣
Ȼ̹ȻվԵǰϵ鲨
ֱԼˣЪʱ躲˵𣿡
Բ
ˣڰԼҲҪע壬ҪٿˡСѾõϢ״޷˻ͱĸסĲڣΨһͬ磬㻹ӿ캰أӣֻСôκαˡ
أ磬Ҳ㣬ﲻʡĺòҰ
зִ硣
Աϣ躲ԣ˵׽Ѿȥ
˵һ¡
ǱѾʩ񣬿ɥ˵ڷﲼ󣬾Ϊ˵͵ȡ۵ǰ糿ʱڷ﷢˷˵ʬ壬ҲƻˡʱõƳǵϢҾ֪˱͵ȡ۵ɱˡ
躵ѵ֪˻͵ȡۣ
ͷ˺˵˵һ
һ𣿡
ҲֳȻ϶ǣѾ뿪ˡ
ȥԺҹ
ȥʱѾ뿪ˡӦɶҲˣ϶һ뿪ˡȻû֤ݣ˵⡣־
躱۾ʻ
ͷҲ˵Ǳ˴ӼѾߣҲһͣҾ粻躡ʱվ躵ǰȴһֻСƵηηɢϺѹȣЩ
ȻĬȴȷŭʱӿ¡
˱˵ʬ壬Զѯʼգ躵ɫûзһ˿仯ʱʲôӣڻʲôӡ
û֪ЩʲôҲû֪£ÿ˶ڴ
Ȼû˵һЩ粨֮ÿʵ֪
ʧˣѾˣ֮λͽϡ˻ڣΪĵһˣкܶὫ躴ѹȥλڣҲˣ躵֮λȵˡ̬ȺҪģѰ˹δԴ
ʱһһĹȥȻû۾ֻԺУŰ塣
ƺ˺ܾãŻ۾
Ȼûиı䣬ȴŭµĹ⡣
ľ½ƾն˫ֽս͵һնȥ
֮ϡʯ飬ѡ
ô˽㣬Ҿô˽Լ


443 ǰ·
㹼ҶΣΣͿΣ˸״˶ΣһԲ㣿͢һԲ㣿ڹѵͷ֮ʱȻ˴治
ɱ֣߱ĸѹ͵ۣ˴󣬾Ǵ򿪳ŷѾǣ񾩳ս֮Уݳ͢͹ڲ壡Ϲ˹ۣȻûǸҲТʲ֮ͽ
̫ɱ㣡
һն֮ƽڱ÷ŭŭ쳹ƺҪҲò
һøߴãƽŭٵȵƽڸгһ˵ζ
ͷŲ죬ʼû˵һ仰ûзκֻһĸп


񾩳ǵĳ䡣
ΪʲôҪʬͻȥֱڸռﻯɻҲˣռﴫܴڵԴӵõںܴڱֵıǰӻԾˡ
߶߶Щڸռ˵ȴҲһ¡ܱһĬԵˣҲ̫˵СȻǸԸ񣬵Ҳֻݶ˵ܱǰҪչֳϣûܴڵĻռĬѹֵʲôӡܴڵĻԽԽ࣬ͻҽҲԽԽ죬ҽý븡ռ֮ͥҲнܴǰǲκξнġһøռࡣ
ݵϾŮˣҾɱȴҲҪ˵ѾǰϾһСȻˣҾ͵ðһѣڿռֻṴĻ˼һ㲻òǵǣñڸռﻯɻңܻҪиĵطɣҰʦԱߣҾöʦһ¡
ԭǵȫܴڸ̾һǺ͹׾ˡ
ݵ㲻ҲµõġҼȻѾ˾ͲټȥǼм䣬Ҳۡ
С廰СݸǶԵġǲᣬľȻʣк档ӵĻԴ
ռУͻȻܴ󣬵˵˵úܶԡڣŻҽãȴֳٳûи㶨ĻľҲܵӰ졣
ܴһ֣һʲôʱˣһ㶮ʲôŮ֮¡
ֵҶʬܶ
ܴظ˵ڳΪʬ֮ǰһˣ
ͷ̾һǧǰҲһˡ
ܴһԿǣˡСܱ⣬֮ǰˡ
ܴЦЦС۾⣬ʵִ˵ʱȢӣ߻һ˵ѶŮŪȥϹ
ʵŪϸʲô
ܴڵŮ֮°
Ů֮£
ǰ㲻˵㶮𣿡
˵ҵȻǶġֻҶŮ֮²ȤһûȢޣߵĶˡ
ܴˡ漴סԼƨɣæ뿪
ݺСܱЦȻ;УռȴԵ÷ǳ졣
ڰ٣ϾҪ봺ֻʣˡ
ܱȥ
СҲ͵ʵҪȥʹ𣿡
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СܱͷҲԡȥأ
ݵڻĮСʱҺϲȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ҸܵõϲǷĵġ˵ʱȥʼĹȥɡ
ܱʵȥʹǲͶ𣿱˵ʮа˾ģ㣬ɱ㣿
ݵˣСȻǳ͢ˣǵδһġСӦûΣա
СʵСݸ磬ȥʼĹȥСô򵥰ɣ
΢΢һЦ㶮ҵ˼ӻĮ˵Сڹ;һͽܡ˵Ƿ֮ӣȻǴԣȴš룬Сûͽܱвµ˵Ƕõ츳õĳоʸ񡣡
һ£ֵ̫ΣգֱС£ǴСѧĻԺٶԸͺˡ񾩺ͻʹңܳץסɱǾĳɹ
ܴڼҪɱУѾСͽˣɱˣС岻㣿
ݵ˵ˣҪѰһᡣ񾩣Ǵ򵽻ʹǳ£ʱС岻ܻĹܳɹĻɱУٿЩܾˡ
ܴڵЩǴ̼ڰɵƤӵɱˡ
ݸпɵӶɱˣʲôµأ
ռһĬ
⻰ںǺƣÿȴûкƵĸоܴ˵ȷ̫̼ˡ
߰ɣֵǡǸıʷʱ̡ȻѾıһʷǾͲıȥͿڳɣ
ѹᶨ˵ǲ󸻹󣬵ΪܸõĻţǾƴһѰɣ
ռɳĬ
ִƽֻǸǡ
ܱûˡ
ܴӵ˵һʲô˵أҶںƴĿھˡ
СҾͲ˵ʲô˰ɣ
жʱһůллˣֵǡ
ǰ·Ȼڰ֡߹ȥΪù
ݵУᶨĹ⡣


444 ̨ϵ
ϣڰ
ʹĹ¥㣬СʵۺɽȻڶƽ̨ϲ󡣱˱ɱϢѴ˹УʵȻοʡ
ϲޱıϣʵڿ뷨ǲӷ·Ͳ飬صָоƺܷŭƽĬԽǷŭı֡
ʵҲֻǼ򵥵οʣûж˵ʲô
ǰ΢΢һ㣬Ŀ֪񾩳ǵһ¥λüߣͨվ棬ҲܿԶĵطĴͣܰѰ񾩳Ǿ۵ס
ʱ񾩳ѾһƬңͳ͢ڽŸսͳ͢ƾУһ֧ľӣͷ·սϵĽγһɳűеĺɫߵһƬʬɽѪ
һ̾˵ҵĴҰ۽ˡ
񾩴ƣҲˣʵҲʹѾˣҲûСԽΣʱ̣ԽҪʱ
ʵ۰ο˭û뵽¡
ΧϺݺһģϵڷһЩ仯Ǹӣû뵽Ȼ£
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ͻȻתʵۿ˹ȥ촽΢΢߻ʵʲôվû˵ڡ
ֱ˻ʵã˵ץסһ
û˵ɱ֮Ļֻ˵ҪݸʵȻûɱݵģҲö˵ʲôܹܲĶɱԼĶӰɣ
ĻʵۻСƽʱŭΣʱ̣͸ŭˡ
ɽС壬ڵĽɽλȨھͿôˡһڸҵġ
ʱɽȻƽ̨վڻʵۺ
ʵ۳ɽȥʦʹĴúˣ
ɽͷķ󣬻ʹֻǱˮнܹӵòĿǰҪѾˣĻǳ͢սʿ͸ˡ
ʵ۵ʮ
ɽȴһƵᣬ²عǿ۹սʿ¸ҵʱ̡ĺ¸㹻ǵ˸޷ǵĸǲǾѵ˸ϳȥˣҵĻҲǳ¡
ʵ۵޵ĵĲǵ¸ңΪˣǾȱ޵ĵǣаٷְٵ¸ңȴΪʵʧܡ
ʵɽ¾͸õˡ˵ţɽȥѳɾͰɴҵҲδĶ֡ݹѾУҲֻзһɡ͢С塣
һ£ɽֵţʵϺС壬ϲ˴̨档ΪʦҪԸֵǼ㹻ġ
ʵ۲֪ɽ˵˭֪
Ӫ֮У馲£Ҳ£ǳеʴ֣ģ͢û
µǷɽ
ɽľӲͨսʿǸ֣ҪǣǵӪѶԸԸβﶼپͣҪɽվˡ
˵ĸĸ棬ɽһƵӡ˵ʵʱԻʵ˵ʵѻʹ˵һĲֵԻʵûʵ۷ĵʱͰʤ˵ļߣѵ˵СԼ˵ǿ
ΪһʦҲȷ˵Ӧġ
˱áйʦ͸ڣοȻɽ˵󣬻ʵ۵滺Щ
ʵ۵Ѿ֪ҲˡСڻĮɱ˵λʦڸʱѰġ޻˵ԮԮʲô֮һǰɣԮҲǰɰɣ
ʵ֪ȷ٣ʵȫ棬֪㹻Լ˵ȥˡ
馱ٳµʱ򣬾кܶ˫۾һԶţ񾩳ǻ
ǲƣǲᶯˣǴ˴ظҲûʲôʧڳˣǶҪⳡȨĻлˮ㣬һʤǶҪһ
ʵֻ˵˵ں֮һɽһЩҲ˽˵Ϫ˺ܶԴҲˡ⣬һЩССҲκ˽ЩССȻԻȨĴûʲôӰ죬ʹȴǼΪĵ£֪ҲһЩԳ͢¡
һ뵽ɽͷۡ
ɽ£ղž˵ˣ͢и֮⣬ǻССǺεɣϺСɱġһˣСҲܰǴ
͵͵Ƴɽһۣ⻰Ļ̫ˡ
ֶԸС壬Сǻᱻɹɣ
ɽûм˵ȥȻʵϣǸ͵۵Ķӽʲô
ڸеڰˣСһ
ɽ˵ͷ
̾СģҲƤ
ɽߵͷ˵Сץס֮Ҫɱҡ
ʦҪʲô
ʵ˵Ҷ󣬵ҲܽðɣôǹԼҳԼ
ɽȻϵ˵Ҫͽܣ


445 ˣˣ
ǿɽǼð۾ΪԼˡͽҪͽܣûиҪ֪ڿǳ͢ˣ˵㲻ǧҲͰˣôҪͽܣ
ͻʵʵҲһãȻ
СӲˣһ֣ɽð˵Ҵ󷨣Ҳ۹ĺġΪ͵۾ܻҵĴҪ֪Ҳģ
ʵɻʵʦʲô
ɽɫϺ󣬾Ҷĸƣ˴ڲϸ⣬ҲڲϸƵġУµ֣ԴΪƴұˣÿҪƴʱҲҪд֣ȻͲ
ʵʵ֣
ɽʲôֲҪҪǣ䵽УҲҪдµһġνһʵ棬һ鷨ˮƽЩʱ⾳ǲܴﵽ㣬õۣҲͲõĿȨƫƫˣ
˵ɽ˷ŵ˵ʲô˵Сӵ鷨ˮƽ˵áˣͨᵽʱ⾳飬ʵ̫˲ˡ㣬˵鷨и߳츳й˵츳츳ǼߵġɽǼո߳ʦͬʱҲһ鷨ҡҿѰô꣬ȴûҵ˲šҵźСӣʸ̳ҵ²
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ʵһ˵ֻҪ˲ţֻҪʦĵΪ͢ЧңǶԳ͢δ˵Ҳһ¡ȻǺ£޵Ȼᷴԡ
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ʧܡ
ǰˣɽûˣԲ׺үүԼһЩүүһ½ɽˡ
ǰˣûˣԲİŮˣӦ裬Ҫͷϣ롣
ʵ۵ʲôܱסɽĿǰҪġ
ڹʦ㣬ôھôڰɡͽҲº£ܶȹⳡΣ˵ɡ
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ǳ͢ԮźšŽһ죬źѷʮˡ
źŵķλȥüͷ𣬵֧˾
ɽҲΧǰȥ·ҵɱ·Щҽа¶Ŀ⣬ɽĴһֱǳ͢вڣֹؼʱ̣ǹȻӳ˹ؼá
ǳ͢вҲǻв˵УһҪ£ԷɽȺ֮ɽʮǰħǲ裬ͺħûһ㣬ֻҪӮˣ͢ͻὨǰţʱؽʮǰһõ¸ڵӦ
ɽͷԣѾ˺ˣҪˣʱϱˣҵúõһ·ɽĻ󡣡
һ
ʵۿŴ٩٩̸ǶλǱ˵ԺˣְѵǰΣ˵ɡ
ʵ̲סʵϣؾڽڰˣѾʹѾܽˣǺã
һᣬˮڡʦѳִʹȻ񾩴ִģĹսܷӵûǺܿ͹۵ġ
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΢ͷңȷˡھϣһһ껻ʴغֻ֣ҪʹңҾĽɱֻˣѾͲΪ壡


446 ʼ
ɽĻʵۻЩʹõսʿѾˡ
²ǡʼ̶꣬˸Чҵʱˡ
Աϣ껻ʴأʱ̨ϳһεĹ
ƾУӰ
һףɢʼϢǿһ۾ܸоǿսһȫӰںɫ֮УϢǲϸȥⲻһˣһӰӡ
һһ
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447 
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448 Խɱ
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ڳһĻĻ档֮Уʮ꣬곤ʮ꣬ɻǴŮӡ
ΪǾ׵ĴƺǰŮˡЩľӼǲ뵽ԼоȻ˶ԼȻŮ˽ദôã
ǶׯϾ˵ۡɵͷ˱òѷɫұȷ˶һ次欣ûУûУֻβСò˵ĻɾǷ˺βĽ壬ҳ˵Ůˡ
һܵľǶʱԱܵ˺󼸲ΪǵʵΪϢûͷųκԵŮˣͲҪ˱ˣֵòвǿԹƵ˲ҿ
ֱӾ˶۾̵·һ㡣
ӱϮľ˲仯ΪУȫ˺ȡ
˳̿͵ʬȥΧסʬȺʱֿ
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449 ǻȸҾˣ
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ΪɣȻеġ
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450 ʳ
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451 ׽
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ʼĹУСŹض𣬽еСϵ䣬Źŵķ˵
й˵ЩȫʱųĹâʦһȥ
ЩĹâǷѪڵ֮Ѿɹڣ񾳴ˡ
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еȻͽܣǾǳ͢ˣڳ͢ѣӲ
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ͣһᣬûлػǰȥ
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ŹϵһȭȴȥǰεǽֱӳϿյƴȥ
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ƺһ翵Ĵɽɽкɽлľɽáһȥ;ɽ·еϸȥᷢЩ޵ĹӰֻǱŨ˵ĳʤż
ʱһŵ۵ͺͷ߾ɽϴȥֻǴɽеһС㣬־ɽͱϣ·ոպֻһˡߺݣԴݴ顣һľſһֻڹ꣬ڹ걳ϻһֻ롣
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䣡
ϺͻȻͷһŭ𣬶ʱ׹һ׼峯£ɽӳյһ󷢺졣Եһŭ𣬷·춼һ㡣
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ֻһˡҪɱ˭˵ɱ˭ͳ͢ûйϵ
ãҾ㣬ΪʲôҪɱ
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454 
ǻʵۿĵطΪ֡ڵȻԻȨĵãڵƬֳֿĽݺͽһǧȫɺʹʯ̾͵Ŀյء
ʹһΧǣȴ񾩳֮һƬտأƽʱд󳼵룬ֻռİٷ֮һۼҲԵӵչʸ빬ʥĳӴĩߵڵ֮УҪϽʱ
ʱѹ磬봺ֻʣ°ʱˡžǰоͻƲ谭ɱǰĩɱȥ
ĳ͢˻һЩǾƣ֧šⳡսե˳͢е㳯͢ʤˣ˵Ԫһ궼زԽˣ֪ԼԽʧܡԳ͢˴ʧԼⷽǰˣͷҲ˵ʷϿ϶дųꡣ
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ۿĳ͢˱ڽڱˣеΪ˱ľеľһڵֿ˴ȻĴݲз͸֧ĵˡ͢ߣȫûʿԡ
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455 ʮ
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̾˵ףǶˡˣҸͷȳҲȷһУǺѲ
˵ͷԣⶼһɵģǸ
˾ͲǸ
ͬͲǸ˽һֻԼ˱
ǵʱʹ͵еĴ̫ץס̫ǳĶ֣ЩӡҪҼʱ֣ͳ̫ˡ
֪һЦһʱ䡣ϲڳһųòȻ˵Ƕǹȥ£²һѳ߰һЩ
ϲװװʵûٺһ͵Ůϴ衣
ߺߣЩҲ֪һȥɽ;˵С⣬ұȻһǰ첻û̽ŷǲһòŮϴ裡ʱҾͷˣһɽϡ
ʵкܶ񱣬˵֩룬ȻӶ
ԶԶԣһȥһȫָͷӣʱԼѪȥιġҾˣǶ֮Ծҹȥιȥģ
Щȷóôһˣ


457 ֮˵
ͷһһ˵£ͷ·δĺڻȥĵεΣ˵϶ҸЦǰļΪʵǶϲǶ֪һɫˣֻϿĲ˰ˡ
ɫͳΪŮˡ
ֱڣһֱûнܷ˵İڷû֮ǰûСں֮ûС
ͷ˽ˣȴⷽԷ˾ʲô˼
ʱһֱڶԹȥĻУǶ˭˵һҸ¡
ȴܻ֣ᷢÿ˶Ҫʵ
ʵпᵽ˷ָҲҪ̹ȻԡԵߣעҪȻ̭ųͷˣȻų
Ҫԡ
̾ҪϾߣ㡢ҺͻȥһصѪ½ǸңɡǸöãǸһôҸ¡
زȥˡ˹ϵ˵һ䣬ֲڵռ籩ǡǵ˻زȥˣǵѾزȥˡ
ǰû̫浱Ķݣûг͢ϣϾܻȥ
΢΢һЦЦЩ˼ûЩҲزȥ
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˵ʲô
˷ʵ˵ڵľΪɻе֣
һᣬɲСû껻ʴغ;ҲСţ̫ĽϹ֪סȪڤܶһһȥڤҩ˶ҩڤҲû
˵ô˵Ļһ
Ĭһᣬǵһ
ЦЦ˵˵˶֣ʶܹȫѹס
üͷһ壬ѵصǿô
˵Ҳ֪Ը鹹һǿĶ֡˵ΪľѾ̫߳࣬ʶһӿ硣
ͷŲ죬ѵڤڤд˵ɽô
һǲ֪֪ǣѲǳϡ
ѵѵ˴˵еĲ˥
ϣ˥һ֮֮룬̫߳࣬ܿǿĶȻ˵в˥Ĳ˥ô˵ɽ磬ɽδؾͲġ
˵ˣ
ɣ֮ЩѷһУʵһֱѰɽټȻ˵ܸܵɽĴڣҲ϶麣ԶԶֹô򵥡Ҫõ麣Ȼ״ҪĲǰɣɡ
Ƿ񡣡̾
ֻҪ׷ֹ
ǰ
ԣҲҪʲôˣЩ͵ɰɡɵĸоܺãҸоڵ㶼ܵĻ顣
ô͵źʱ˶𣿡
ǿԲҪڣΪǶ֪˴˵źʲô
ǰ΢΢һЦ˵˳һҪһѪ½
΢ЦңҲһҪ
صصͷǶҪȥˣ׷ɣ
˵ĺã
ˬʵĴЦ䣬ܿЦĲࡣͷ׽ޱȵβЦ
ôڣʼɣ
ЦûãסЦݣ
˦֣ʱһǼֻС
ֻһۣȥ˵ǻ۵ĽᾧķߣĹҪЩʹöࡣǵսͲҪ˰ɡս˺Ѿ󣬻Ǹµ㶫ɡ
˵˵ͷ
һ̣Ϊǿվһšǵսսӵһ赸תʮɫͶƺأǵܺ㵹
֮ޱңԶķɽϣһ۵֪˶ٸ磬ԲֱϵĻ˵һǷ˺ˡһ϶Ҫһ󡣶ǲıģ϶ĵˡ˵ʲôأ϶˵Һһ͵ŮϴɣϲڱˣԼҪ͵Ůϴȴ±֪ڷ²õӡǾˮ˵ģõûбƻʲôƨʦ


458 ȥɽ
ʼĹеһ䣬ǣӦɶڰۿеļսϺ֣սĲ¡ԵģʱһĹȥŻҪʤһǹܾտĻϬûϺռʲôˡ
Ϻ϶һĻͣ˭ҲҶ϶Ǿͻ䡣־ĻͶٶһЩֶΡؼʱ̣Ǿɱġ
սֻ迴һۣǳðž⣬Ե̾
ݵǿ϶ģǶСϺףսջľ鶼ġ
ӦɶѵСݣеģеӰӶû
˵УݵüͷСУϴԣһݴش̫鷳ˡôʱӦòеܣĹսڲˣȻԼߵġ
ĬһᣬݵֲõԤУп϶ȥˡ
ʵʲô
Ҳ֪ݵħйϸǲʲô¡
Ӧɶô죿
ȥɣⳡս˵ҲѾˡ
ʹôǲҡ
ݵʹǴ󣬵ʱֵĵطֻôȥҪĵط
ã


¥ϣһһбȥǲɫײըɫĹâ޼ɵʳǣŵ̻
ɽǳ˷ܣһһŷлдһһ󷨾˲䵮
ʦ֮Ķ󣬱Ȼ֮ĻԿ˼
һŷǣһ󣬱Աסһˮ̫ƽ¡ڶ⵽ƻֱӻһˮÿһεĶ󣬶ǾܵļͶĲݰңǴ˲תļȴûԺ䲻֪˶ٱ
ɽﶼУʱټط·ֻ˵С磬ǽѧȫ쾡µչֳ
ʹﲼõķʹάţ֮СС֮л΢˾ͿŸıЩС΢ķʽжԿ
ʤֻһ֮䡣
ƫƫ˭ͷûг˿ƫ
ɽͬʱ϶⽫ǴҲֳˮƽһս
ڻʳ֮սľȴִ֪ͻ£Ǿ͸һ㡣ɽһʧоҪɥȪ
ʱ˵оͣһЩ굤ͣҲԼˡӽʳǵ˾ѱ˲ٿء
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һơ
ɽһֿ״̬˵ľ뱻ʵֻǸԵĻӰӰһռš
˾ȻһЦ
ԹӢϧӢۣʶĹ̫̫࣬λʦҲָо
ɽſռɫӰͻȻʵͻȻ֪㾿жˣ
ϴ΢ЦԴ˵ѵŴʦЩڻ𣿾֪˽磬ѯһŮǼûò¡
ǰˣЩء
ߣҲһ꣬ǰûôϣ
ۣһ갡һɣ
һ˽ӣʲôʲôͼ
ңҡ
¸ʲô˵
ɽһЦŤŤֵ˵֪ܲӾҵľһֱоϡ̫ʵڿȥס˵ŮӳףһֱδŮҲٻؼҡ
˵Щʲô
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ɽŭ˵һս󣬲ȥɽɣ
ⷬҲһ󳱺죬ŭвɣȥɽʲô
ɽȻȢŰӴԺǾһڷɽо󷨣˫赣оҲǰ޹˺ߣ
㣡㡭ָɽҪ
ɽһ޹Ҫˣ˵ʵ
ʱϸɽȥһϵģ˵ûгҪĸо
ﾹ̲סյЦˡ
Ƭ̣Ťͷʵþʦôܺȥɽ
ɽһս͢ʤˣҲûΣգұȥʦһְ˫˫ɡǰˣҪʦкã
˫˫ɡĸ֣ʱ͸ĺƻɿɽӣһ㺦ߵ˼̲סɽһƤ
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û˵㲻棡ߣɡ
ɽʱϲЦտǳֲɵӣ˵֪ϣˡ
ô˿ĵӣûӦҪ޸㡣պȥȥɽǶպ¡ڣȷֳʤ˵
ɽȻӮ㣬ԺҿɲӮˣպ̧ͷΪ޹ϣ
Ƥͼû뵽ŴʦȻ
ô˵Ҫ˫˫ɡ
ҡ
޻˵
޷˵ԭ򲻽Ϊɽ죬ΪɽĻӰͻȻǰʧڻӰʧǰһ̣ؿһǹͷӻӰؿð
ռгңң¥ȥֻʹĹ󰵵
¥ϵɽѾӲ
ؿڣһѪɫǹͷ
ǹͷǱɽѪȾ죬Ѫɫ
ɽں޷±ɱˡ


459 
һǹģɽ˲
Ѫɫǹͷͷųһɼǿסɽ״̬Ҳȥ
򵥵һǹȴֲ򵥣ǡʱǡλ÷ӳǡ
ɽڹ¥ϳɾĻԻͣȴҲڹ¥Ļ᲻ȥɽ᲻޸һ˲䶼˴𰸡
ѵΪֹ
󣬻˼ǵǵĻ󡣵һУѾûйϵˡ
ͻȻһĻɫʱ䣬𾪡зŭ˱
˭ʲôˣ
ɽʬ屻ǿ¶һ˽ѪǹɽǻңɽӪôͳ͢СɱӦøлҲŶԣ㾹ȻŭһҪҵӣ⾿Ǻε
һ㶣ʱҲԼЩĪڵַĶķŭΪ˴ɽ󣬻ΪɽĻңɽһЩøУһЩڴ
ʱͻȻɶԼ˵Ļ˿˿˵˿
ðɣҲãԼβĺ󳾣
ڰ˴еߣҪΪͻȽСһꡣǲβһ˿ŵĻβһβøߵĳɾ͡
뵽ᶨģΪɽ˱
ããϵܱЩ;˿
ƺһЩѡ
Ϊһʹ
ٱ䣬һܾģе˵ˡ
ȵȣﺰס㻹ûңʲôˣ
бҪ𣿡
ɱɽӦòǳ͢ˣǾѡкη
㡣йϵ˵һ䣬ֲΪǷɽˡ
ɽɽôˣι㡭
ﻰδ˵꣬оѾӹ¥ȥ
ɾתһɲǣеòӡУͷͻȻһ
˵ʹĪǣĪǡ
ȥ׷ɽ󷨲ĻûнɽȻˣʹҲ˲ʧһǿ߽ҪƾûôõĻˡ뵽Ҳȥ׷еͷԻʹ
ǴĶӣͷҲǷɽˣǲʲô
롣


Ƕ֪ÿһ󾳽֮ĲǾ޴ġֻдﵽĳһŻĳһһЩĶĳֵҩĳĳʹһʱڵõһСǸһ󾳽
پҲ⡣
ϪȪİõ˺˵Ȼû֮ȴ˳֮Ϻֶսţͬͬʱǿߡ
ſֲϬǹȵϺϺȫ˸Ӣ壬ӶԶٵľ񷢻ӵס˲äĿĻ򹥻أǾܵ
ǿߵϣȻǼȿֲ¡
֧ѱս֧ܷӳüޣٶȻ֣ܶ벻Ļֻ֣ܶʹгǹ
ŵǹܶأͷų΢ǹҲ΢ȫûһְϬӡ
ÿһǹ̳ȥΪ򵥣һѧǹ߽Ӳİǹ̳ȥ׾еǹֱҼһ㡣еǹһǹµƣսʱǹ죬·һжҪǹ¡ŵǹǹǺƽĴЩ򵥵Ļ
ƫƫÿһǹ
ϺϺоǹ£·𼸴ζڤӰӡ
һǹܴȥڤ
ȪϪ󣡡
ϲָΪߴ߶һ󣬰еϪȪʱķɲǼʧӰ١
ٴγʱŵܡ
׼ȷǣѽסϪ֮У
һȪˮϪб߰סŵĽţȻ˳ŵȥȪˮ̺صסŵ壬ۻͷųǿĽ֮⣬ŵѩɽ
ͬʱϪҲŵĽˮͻȻޱȹ죬ٶȲҲ·һǿƶǳѡеĻͣж㣬ѩɽҲýӲʩչκλǳ
ϪȪʩչһ֣Ȼ˫ؽסŵֶΡ
Ƴ˽ȪɻϪȴ
ٶһʱ䡣
ʱܶݣϺ˵Ѿˡ
ǿ߹Уʤֻһ˲
ϾȻ׷ԼĻǸΪȫŽסֻΪϺṩһŵĻᡣ
Ժսת䣬ǶʱϷ磬ʤĻᡣ
Ϻнľ֣ɷʱľѹȥ


460 ǹ
ħ䣡
ϺһʹʼĹٲȻ˷ÿһŷϺǸ߸Ϸ·ƶ˵ʥ
Ϻִɷľڶţȫһħģ·һ̵ҪնħķӣϪ֮еСħ
նħƲɵŲħǰҲԲ
ҪǣϪȪסϵĽֶαһģϻϪȪܹͨԼѳҲҪһʱ䡣ʱ֮ڣóϺжһ
ϺкУһƺûʲô⡣ħ䡱ţеȫйϡ
ħĿ϶ħΪ²ħֻҪΪħ󣬲ħҲħ
˵ԼʴȣײаԵʵڲİԵĬĬ˵һ䣬ǹնħһѹƺϪ֮еûܡ
ɷĹ
һԷг֣ÿһӶñעĲָ߸ϵη
ӲĳϺһ͵ûе£ֻѪ
һֻñѪԼѪʱԵϺкϿŵѪ֮ж˷
һ¹Ĵ¹򣬽һѪ˴Ѫһм˵ŮϴⶼǼпе顣ŵļͻЩ죬Ҳ˶ݵ㡣
Ѽᶨ˴ŵģŵѪпܰŴʱȴ־Щ˼顣
ҡŲӣͺ¿ķ𷨲һбеҪ̫࣬ǵֵͲҪѳӦòˣѵ̫أʱʱǻʱħȴ
Цһ廰Ȼֵв軨Ϊβֵȴˣ
һ𣬶ʱסȪɢµϪΪ˺һ㣬Զĵطȥ
ÿ׳ƵĿ⿴ϣǲһƿϪȪĽһƳҪϪȪסҾͲ̫ˡԸղɱҵûᡣֻǿϧֻ᲻ˡ
һڿмɣΪһ˳ǹץС
ִǹתۼϵǰ
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ɱ
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ڳϺкϵĺϻȻʼʹȫ
ʱɱ֮ǰɱȫͬɱ⣬ʹ֮ǹ
ɱ
ɱϺкϵ£ûκͣ٣ٴʹǹһϺǰ浲ں棬ҲоҪɱ⡣
׽ǿߣֻһ֮ܳӵˡ׶ܳܣϻʲôܳܣ֮䣬ʲôܰԼݻ٣֮䣬Լﲻȥ
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׽ǿӦúηʲҹȴǿҵĸо
һЦгǹٴγϺдȥɱηˣǾɱʮɱǻεס
˵ɱδɢʱʹɱ
ʱ˵ϣϺеɫҲһҰסϵĵֵֶζˣŴǹƣȴԽԽΪ
ʱͬʱһ뷨ʮɱĻǾ;Եסˡ
Ȼһ˵ѻ˵󻰵ˣ˵ʮɱʮɱ
Ȼʮɱ;Բ׾
ǹųһĨĹ⻪ִǹԾг˾ɱĿ⡣
ʱеǲɻʹͷųĺɫͻȻð
üͷͻȻ塣
ǹƶûʹʮɱǹǷԾ˻ȥ

һưĻŵɳһ״󻯳˺һģһķ
һֱڿըһŹȻڵһ˳ȥ
ķǹ¥ķ
ежϳɽѾ⣬Ϊ˻סʹȻʹ֮ǰȥ
ַҲãҲգֻҪǾͱȻҪֳԼŴʱȥĿΪ˻סʹޣ϶Ҳ١ôƬսϣϺкռˡ
Ϊʹ̫ҪԼҲҪס󣬻ǸͲмϺкϣΪԼ·ֳҲȡʤǾͲö֪ˡ
ǹƵͣͣϺк϶˿·һԨ
һĨȥвлɱŵϣ֮ٶȼ


461 Ȼ
һ֮۵սϣսͬ쳣ҡ
ͬΪսͷ˵ĽսһЩȻ˴ս˼˭ʤ˭ս޹ϸΪʤֻĹϸ
ڳɾͳ֮ǰڻʹйһսһս֪ڵķжôǿ󡣾ܷҪɱҲôףȴĵһѣνµһͷԵǶôĵ׽٣ɹĽ볤Ĩȥĵ׵֮
볤սһңݺ֮⣬ңϢǰûҲǷȱġս⣬µƣİԵиᣬӲۡڣңϢĵͣսøдᣬԵ֮ȴ˸ԶԸ
ʶ꣬ǾʶΪܵĻ飬Ա˴˶ǳ˽⡣սϰߡóıУ˴˶ֽ֪볤Ȼһµս⵹÷ЩİӦԵҪԳһЩ
ϤֶΣҲͬϤս·ĳַ֮սһսʿһʦ֮ĶԾðŷ˲ƴҪӽˣ˲һеʹƶľ롣·ֻҪϵһʱ䣬ͱذɡˣǵµľԼˡ
ϵͻ˲ϵܣڱ˷ŷݣҲŵúգֻһλλץסᣬǱǱһʹҪˡ
ϧǣһֱûгֹκʧÿεͻȥգȴһһ⡣
˵սһһĻĻɣͷ˱ĻĵĸϾȽ볤ôãȻһΣͬһҲие֮֡˵ȴֻڷݣĻȻҪһЩ
˵ĴãĴӴ󣬲һҲԴԴ׵ĺľ˵ûҲҪʹõʲôԳľʹǻȻսʮʮҹǻҲľĵٶȻȲϻٶȡʹǰǾǣǴ˵еʮǻǻҲǾ޴ġ
еʮǻһĳͶͷŲԭǻѾһ˵ĻȻҪ˵Ļ
ͷ˵ĶսͶǵʮɫ·ضΪǶ˶ɫƶ䣬һ絮ʧ·սͬʱѴԽռ䡣ʹĻٶǻľǶԻ񾳵Ļ˵Ҳǿֲ
ָţָ϶ʱȼ档ָΪֻԲͬķλȥ
ٻ֮ǻȴͬʱͷ
񾳻ͣͷųһκҲҪϢƬ̲ͷţһξǾľ޴
ǿ֮սܣ˼Ҳ˱ܴ
ֻɳȥͬʱʹһ֮Ѻ֮ľ
·̤磬ɵƹֻͬλĽȻټ׷ȥֻڷ˵Ĳ²ģȻΪһһŲתĺɫСɫУǹµĻ棬ȴ־һž޴ĿڣҪһ̽ȥ
еı仯һ
Χ̫㣬ٶ̫죬޿ɱܣ͵תͷһȭ
飡
Ƽ򵥵һȭ̺֪жôǿһȭȥɫз͵һ̼ͣ仯ΪϸСĺɫ񶨸ڰеɳ˸ͻȻյӰ죬׷
ʱѺ룬һϡ
һȦȦΧŷ˵תԽԽʢ·Ҫ˸û
ǻȼ
ͷŵ£ԷΪģԲĵطᱻӡǷ˻֮еƷ棬ǳҲա
ոӳһξ룬ͻȻͣ
Ϊ˵ͻȻסˡ
˵ͷһΪĹâǹâ֮з·ӵ䲻ڵһԣס
ͷǹԣ껻ʴء¶һЩʣվʹ껻ʴˡ
㳯˱ȥֱаսʤҳҲĶ֡ⳡսغų͢Ҳòƴһƴսʤ㡣
͢оôҪ𣿡
̫и̫жڱΨһķʽ
վǿҳϡ
ûǰڷɽ
ǵġ
ʧˡȻѾȥΪɽαذ
׼Ҳ㻳űʤģ
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463 ǻߣս
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Ż壬ܳɾͺʵ൱Ĺҵ˺־磬ҲܴﵽӦľ硣κζֺҽ֣͵ңΪŻ亱ǿҪҲǼΪ̣Ҫʼձ㹻ɷ֮񾳽磬ҲҪɷ֮֮߱ӵԹնԴ
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ܹһЦ˽䡣


465 ׷
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ңҵ׷ǵ֮ûҵ룬ȴܹԪսһ̣ĽɽȻȹ̣̫иʹܹɡƴ׷󣬲ϧһе׷󣬾Ϊʵ룡ԣΪ⵱Ȼֵá
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466 
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ڵɫ԰׵ѪɫĿг˿־塣û뵽ߵĲܹǸû뵽ͺˣȻȲܹ
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471 
ݵȻûж˵ʵáܾе޵лôһݵĵڶΡս衱֮Ƶ˻塱ΪӡҪá
Ϊܱնֱۺݱںн̸Ѿڼƻսˡ
ںе̸䣬Ϊս衱ӳӡ
ܾöûùֶΣʶеİʮӡݺģԼͷųս衱߼ޣһ¼ӳ˶ʮӡȥս衱Ƹ˼Ρ
Ҳеġ˻塱̫ȻĻݼӳ˶ʮӡġս衱֮£лʣ
Ϊӳʮӡݵļӳʷ֮ɾʷϵһڣʮӡġս衱˸ɱﵡ
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굤ɱ񾳻͵ɱﵣ
ڣɱﵶʹˣȴȻûнлܡȻޱȱսϣȻռϷ硣ӦɶȻʥ֣̫ͣҪͬʱѣٶȸͺвһΡ
ֻȥһٸʱ䣬ٴվ˫ɢȥзǹһȥ
ˣҲվִվǰ档
е㻹ŵס
ݣָ̧֣УϣǵԼЧֻɱңܶǡ
Сݸ磡
֣ǶԸȴΪ
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е֮ǰ̫ǰ棬㿴ĺ
Ц֣ͰҲ
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飡
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ֱ𶯣ǹͷתֱһǹݴȥ
ݸΪ˫Ȼ֮ǰһֵ
βͨĻǹ㹻Ļһ۵
к˵ԺɣݱһǹĵĻѾǰݡ
Ѿ۾۽һᡣ

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һεеɱУûк֮ǰ¡ؼԼͻȻųһƵİ׹⣬׹ⲻǽǴĹâ
âǳףڰɫ֮оȻֳһЩɫ
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ÿһӳȥжһʴȵůо֮ǰĽ⣬һֽ֣ȴɱʷ˵ĴȸС
Ľоģ޻һеǹϬȴҲĸо
кȻʮֱ
ֲܹиΪݵĽģǱĽиסҲᱻ
Щɶͷԣæźݶսȥֱ˵ıԵҪŪʲô
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Сݸ磬ˣ
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Сݸ磬Ǳ˵㲻Ķӣ⻰˳ġƶϵûпҲǻʼҵˡܵ˻ʼ֮϶ʼ֮Ǻϣ
⡭ô᣿ôǻˣ
྿ģҪ˶þͶ֪ˡڣаɣ
⽣Ҫòܷ
ڲֻ֪˳ˡڽ֮УѾ˽дγɡЩ󣬶亱⧲֮£ҲһùСݸ磬㾡轣ɣһڽһ֮


472 Ѫ
̸ٴϸϸܴдĸоһһеĺݸĲġ
Ļȫ˳ȥ轣ڲ㽣֮һ⾳⾳֣ܵǲܶз紵ǰڶǵĶҲǼֻҪԼȹ󣬾׵ؽնϡֻҪԼٶȹ죬ͬʱնϼӡ
ָоǳáΪѾ֮УӾӣ⾳֮⣬ЩӾС
תۼ䣬ݾˣȫƷ·Ӱֺݶýĳɱȥ
Ͽ̫ȵĶ˿ҵǹսݵ
ǹ뽣һ𣬶ʱòɿ
ԭǻʵۺʹ֮أʱȴΪ˶ĳء
ر仯κβܷ¶пܻᷢ
вѪ½һǹļ̳ˣǵõСǹϵָ㣬νǼ̳ĻǹԼǹųǿݷ·Ҹȼһ㣬Ҳû·磬ԽԽͣݴѹƵ÷ǳ͡
ȴǲ˷ԼѾһˣĻ׷ŹҪܣǾһаܵǡǲܣǱöִ
ҲĻõʱ֪Ƿֻһֱ֪ͨʲôˡ˵ָ֪ܣγ˺ܶ亱Ĵ󡣼ȻǱʸжһ
Ȼѳɾ񣬵ԶԶۣ֮㲻޷սʤǿߡ
Ȼ޷սʤǾҪƴȫ
̽У
ȻûռϷ磬ԽսԽ£趯ˮ˷ˣȫѪڣ֪ʲôּ̼
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ͨĸ裬ս衣ͨĸҲ·Чǿٶȣ鳩죬û˿ͣͺ
սȵǻȵǻȵԣȵĸ飡
糾ͷ·жһ𣬲˲ÿһǵһ򵥵һֱӵһ
ǡǡĽִܸв
ᵽݵĽϷ磬ҧκαʹǹļȫչֳ
˶귨ֽŶ
⶷֮սȴûĸԹۣĸһԿţ̾Ϊֳֹޣ̾˾Ȼʹˮ׼ǹͽ
ʩչǹļ֮ʱڳһЩӦ
ݵʶ·
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ûʹʲôֶΣȴһɫĹΣٴκǹײʱооݵ·ͻȻʮֹÿһεײֱ۶ᷢ飬Ը˳ֱӿԺ·һֽҪʵĴ
к֪ܿⲻǴݽȷǿˡǿƲûж·һؽԼвͻᱻؽʹȥֻһ˲Ҳ˶ɱԼĻᡣ
вҵӾĺݽս
ʽ
һе˺һ̵ĽȻһΪʮƽУΧݵתٶȼ죬·κθҿﶼгɷ顣
ٲȻһȦɽɲҼɱĽܡ
ܵγɣȵкԶ롣
һԶٴ
뽣ʽ
ִӰͻȻһ𣬻Ϊ޵ĹӰһԭأһȴеǰֱָеĺ
о쳣Σ֮·ܷӦһΣյĶǹǹͷ⡣вͿֻˡ
һǾδеעϣҲС֡
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Ǹղһеĺѹ׵ֶζûʹɥȪ˵һź
ݶԡ뽣ʽǳаֱͨͨһʹ뽣ʽеܣֻһ׹ӹȥǶִӰ
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Уݶ£ǹ뽣ײһ𣬶ѽĽ㡣
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ΪоԼѪȻûȴ·ȼһ㣬Ѫȼպ󻯳ɵ壬е˽ȥ
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ҴѪ½ĥѣȴһţϲʾʾұؽΪʱǣ
һٴγݸ£зӿĻ泯ɱȥ


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ĺҹͬһ֧¼۷еļβźѹѹĻѸٽڰ
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ͳѱͳڰꣿ
ʹ⻯ս½˺ܻܶ࣬ǿֵסϺϺе֣ж·硣
֮ɢǳջף˭ɱڡѵôû𣿾ȻƤӵ
ʵ֮ɢӰ첢ǺܴȻҲǻˣ֮ˣҲû֣֮սûʲôӰ졣ֻ֮ɢˣ˵ʵۼݱԳ͢ʿӰ൱صġȻ֮Щ볯͢Ϊе˵ȴʿ˳֮£ԭֲµľʱתۡ
ʹСսʹһ𣬻ϰ˵ȺŹϵӵβ棬ǻʳǱԵ馺ͳѩľսʱʵۼݱתۡ
ʱһ·ڵͦ
ţСʵ۶ˣ嶼ˣ
֮ɢϺ˷ܵĲѣ·ϻͯ㵸ıʱͷͨֶʹӵӦ֡ԣʤֻǳˡ
ҪϺС٣ȴʮסЦݣ̬º͵˵־ܣֻһΪ
Ŀ˵ŵʲôʱˣ
Ȼº͵˵ţҲᡣûһΪܺúõϧµĴʱ⣬úõعӡ
ųϺȥЦûΪǻĳЩ˴ж˿鶼ްɡ
˵ϺϸֳѪЦֱɱţϪҵڵĵλܺ
ܲ˵Щ޷ҿаˡһʵǿߣĸŷɥĵ۹С壬ԼУֳɾͼֱ޷
Ϫһ׳һߵ죬Ȼһһӡʵڵһ̬ʼձȲϺк̫ĽЩĴʮǰʱо񻰣һְ񻰲ڽµĸо
Ҳ˵ˣҲˣϱ㲻ԥϺ֣ٴŷһ
Ҳп˵ȲµʵۻᱻɱɽͲʹ⻯ȥ֮Ի󣬾ΪʹĲɱϺϺУȥԸ뵽ʵ۾ȻôͱɱʿҲĴϺϺб˾
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˵ⷬʱûʹκλֻĿϺϺгԼɱ
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ҡҡͷϵСóзһҳ̾ǺڡΪ²ΪЩɱҾȻһֱûʹáڶ˳룬ҲڶıӦɣЩԩҪȥ
ΣսҪһֹˡ
ԱϣŴС˺һҳһס
üͷһ壬֪ʹʲôֶΣʱͣЩҳ̫ǰôױɱڱĹͷҲ϶ͨɱﵣɲ뵱ڻңƣҳڵһߡ
ϺҲϳɾˣͣˣҲͣҳڿƮֽҳ
ʲô
ʣֽҳ棬Ϻе𽥷˱仯
ֽҳǺֽͨҳСϵһҳҳϴϸһıīһͼܼ򵥣ԶһȼյĻ档ǿľˣᷢŻγɵһֻɵķˡ
ϺŽעȥһ̽㵵ķ֣һǿҵѹȸжʱȫʱ𺣣һ˸ǹһ˵Ļơٴȥʱڵձͨ죬һž޴֮һҹ
ϺʹŴӾղһ̵ʧȫлɱȴûֻԶԶ΢ЦϺȫ죬ԵȥϺһҲþӣʱھĿ־ǳ֡æϴӾ
ֻǳֽҳһۣǿ߾Ǳ⸱ģϺпʵѵǣ
ƽ˵Ƿ֮͸ҵİʦ֮񡣡
֮ӣϺоǴˣѵ֮ʱԴ
ҲʲôӻĮлˣ˵Դڣֻħڵı𣿡
Ϻŭ˵ʲôֻһҳֽЩɥڿ־֮У˵ʲô
⡭϶ʱƿԣȥСʵԴ
ŵͷ
õŵ׿ϿɣϺϺеɫɲǼòҰס
ֽҳ̾ʵһʼ͢ӮġֻҲԸѪɺӣ֣ûʹڣȻǲˡ
𣡡Ϻлֹż˵ҺϳߣҪⶫ
ԴĴ˵ͨ񻰣Ʈ޵񻰡ϺЩǿ˵ȴ֪ԴڵġҲЩ˵ʵԡ
͢ΪʤϧսѡȥĮԴ˵⡣˭õԴ͵ӵܹͷųֵԼһͷų֣öֳ׻𣬶ԼⷽܵõȫϺкڳ͢Ķ棬ԴǱؽ
̫ˡ̾ǳˣͷɽҲ᳷ߡʵȻݱˣֻҪԼһұʵۻµҲֹֻ֡
ԱϣŻı۾˫ǰӡ
Ϻ˫ְڶֵֹţҪúܶ޹ܵǣģֽݴؽᷢĩհѣ
ûϺУһָ˫͵𿪣ָΪſеֽҳָȥ
·ͻȻüž
ֽҳأķѡ
Զһصľס
ҹˡ
ҹȴǺɫġ


474 ĩ󣡳Ѫģ
ɫҹһҫ۵µĺ⣬ʳǵĵصҲӦһ⣬ɺڰᣬ·ѻʳǱһ֮ء
ԴƲûиݴشʲôѣֻʳǷ˾޴ı仯
ϺϺлδüҽУ㻯Ϊ޵ĺɫӰ󻯳һѪɫĿķƮȥ
һĻŶʱһΪͻȻ֣·һԼڵڼٵӣ·ҪԼڵ˺ѿ
Դֻ˺ôԼҲ
ŶʱƴȫֵǹҲ֪ǹʵ̫ǿˣȫһ䲻ڵԼҲֵ˶ˡ
УڼкͻȻͣ
ܵʳǵı仯ϲɫλɵĺɫзȥ
˫ȶںɫǰ棬в֪߶ЩʲôʱһֻֻƴСķ˷ɳеܽһǳܼķ㡣ǵߣ֪Щʲô
ʵС֪ڸʲô𣿡
Сüͷڲһ󷨣ֿܲǡСݸ磬һֺܲõԤС
ݵͷЦôģǿ϶ʲô¡
ǰһִָȥʱͷų
һȺȺСγɵķ£䲻ȥ
ͻȻ¶ģУһʲôıôݣǺһ
ԼжϣϾпڿ˵Լ޵Уô޵еս϶֮ءڣоȻսȥǰԼ֪Щʲôֻ˵һ⣬£ɱݻҪҪ
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ϣ˶˸ռ֮С
Сݸ磬ҪôСʵ
ݵСܱǴ߶ڤڶɴϣ
˵ţԾڤڶɴ֣ڤڶɴ˶ע뵽֮УͨðڶɴٶȵＫ£ôײУ
С˼취лУ벻õİ취ˣͷã
Ҳ֪ʲôɹˣݿ϶ᵹù
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еľѺ֮ǰȫһеĽ̻ԻͶ˺ɫǱ÷סĺɫ޵ռ֮һо֮Уг˷ܡ
һɫбȥӣʹЩԭֻǴĹȴԵԽԽʵѪһкɫҺЩɫѪҺǺеһһѪǺɫУ·һž޴ࡣ
ˣҪˣмľбƵ˷֮⡣ʱһâһҾ޴ս͵ײ˹ȥսϣһ߸·Ҫݶͱĸ
ʱңֱ
бŭȭͷġֱ죬еС˶ɽȭͷУײսȻֱһȭ˹ȥ
飡
һȭڴϣǺɫжʱѪɫеıԴԴϵһ۴Ϲĺ⣬ٴηһ죬սܵ˴󵽼µĳһɳ죬ֱӽݶƷɣ˺ɫ֮С
һȭȻڤڶɴ͸ͬݵ˻ɣ
ֻǶݺݵسһСڵһۣбת۲ɫС
ɫкȻС࣬һֻ࣬Ǳ֮ǰԵЩ
ɫ֣ȴ˿Щµ˵գգȻȽ˴ǽѪĽˣ
һ̣·һʯ᾵ѪɫɫлΪһž޴ľʯֻھʯ棬Ǵһ޴ĺɫУڴΧССÿСжһɫһͣ㻯ΪһѪ״壬صף֪еĳ䡣
Ѫ֮УԴԴϵѪɫмġѪġۡ
վ棬ָһѪܡ˵ǳ˭ˣپ׽٣ܺãӪ
ɫֺŭڹؼʱңʳǵǿ߶ҪΪѪĵϣһܲ
Ҳδؾ˵ţڳѪϴݣû֮С
˫ͻȻͷϸֳһ·̥ǰͼ
ͼģһֻչĻ񡣻ͷſ죬һ˿ӰѪ
Ƿˡ
Ѫķˣ
ĩҳɾĳѪģ


475 
κ˶û뵽ϵĻʳתۼһѪɫǡ
޴аħǣ˯е񾩾ѣججʹ˴һһЩڻʳǻǿֻԶԶһ۱⡣
ĩγɵһ̣ʳǱһȽҹ֪ٱɴʵǿһ˻һ˶ΪƷת˲֮䣬սȨѱһû뵽С
ʳǷ·һħ壬ķѪı࣬һѪֲܷ֮УЩѪǿ͸ࡣ
е嶼ڳѪ֮Уֻ¶һͷɢԴ
ʱ·ǻʳħĴԡ
Щǿ߻ɵѪ͸˳Ѫģʵ͸
ѱڤڶɴƷɣ¶һټĿӰӿн䣬˳Ѫĵǰ
Ϊ˧Ƶغ˧ˣǺһݴص
˧Ƶľ㵱飬۾ڵĻʱ֪¶ļĿ⡣촽˵ССҹȻûпˣܳ£δţҪó㾿ģ
û죬Ѫһһ·ž޴˵
ĩͳѪĶϹŵǷһĴУֻݴ½֪ɽҲ֪ԭҪҪŴͷ˴еϣ֮ϧǣڶʱҸ벻˾Ŵֻûҵ̫СֻܰʳǱɴǽ˾ŴݴأҵĴ󣡡
˵ֻ˧Ƶأ˧˵ɫҲǼΪѿ
ݴرɴ⻰Ƕôĺţ
ҲѾˣн˵ģݴصǿǶۼڻʳǣҴᡣ
˵ǵϺкʲôɰɣپзɽֻˣϪϣҵ϶ʮٸ
ݣ˧Ƶص巢ĲǹֵͬļƻûڵľƺѾĿơ
˵̾Ҳڹؼʱ̵ңĩûȫӳȻĻλʦֻƻĺ꣬ԼһЩ©֮ܲҵ
ѪĵһСУ建ֳڻ״̬
һڿǸôµһҲѳǱѪգǳѪֽɳһµľ硣ôҲĸף²ȥְ
˧ƵֶһȻΪеĽʱ˿̣»˭ܵס
˵дȽȽ˫Ȼһ˧Ƶֶ˶ʱÿ˶һѪܴ͸塣
Ѫһһǵע
һ̣£ȫѪ⣬ͷ϶һͼ
жͷһģһͼ
Ѫķˡ
˧˳ȥ˶Ȼ·̥ǣһ˵ͷų
΢΢һЦ赭д˵ħС˧òžȡһ׵㡣
˧˲Ϊš
ֵ仰ɣԸ𣿳ѪеҲޣҲĸһЩĿǰΪٸЩﵽ۷ڣֻҪʱںʣȥˡٷܶ꣬ﵽԭһӶ޷ﵽĸ߶ȡ
УΥԼˣ˧ƵͻȻǵļƻӵģ
รԶԶԡг˧ƵؿһۣȻЦ֮ǰ˵õȷǸ˵ӦΪ𣬰ҵͶɹ˫ַϣӴԺΪǵĿܡǸʱΪһܵң󡣡
𣿡дӳѪԾվ˧Ƶǰ
˧ƵغԵУ㲻ҪᣬûһΪ˼ҶǱ˴ãź
еЩ£ǰʲôȫһ֮ҴĻǣʳǣҹŵ̽Ϳ¹ӲдҽĶעѹϣͬϻϰë£ѵеĳ
˧ƵسĬ
нŵǽҹɹҲͰˣһѪҲȷΰڣʲôǣ
˧Ƶسڣѵһôָǣ
ȻҪ֡еҸղź˧˵ĻҲͬЧħκһ˶ЧҵħҵѡֻҪ˭ԸңҾ͸˭
㣡˧Уǲ߹
รЦ߹ѵҪѪеô
˧ȭͷġֱ죬˧Ƶץס˧˵ȭͷУҪ̫
ת˫ָ󣬵Ĺĸոջ֡
ԱϣĹ˷׷׳˧ƵֶͶĿ⡣
˧ͻȻУǻزȥһټˣ
еһͣŭȼգвңֻĸҡ
˧ͦأԣ
ʱվĹԵİй֣ħգ˧ҲЦҲ֮ܵǰ˧ȷ˵ֶزȥͽЦˡɱˡ
ЦҲת˧ȥһħС˧ղǺģֶȥɣܸΨһĺôǣӴԺֻҪԸ⣬ħھҵѡҪСôǻᷢôжôİҺúչЦЦߵһȥ
˧ҧһԸưոݵӡ
˧Ƶȴй֣º࣬ǾͶлֵˣ
ԱϣҲ˧ж಻Ը⣬ק뿪ʳǡ
У˧˲˵壬ղ̫ˣ
˧Ƶȴһδģ˶ӾͲˣ㿴ʳǣѾһˡ˵ǽҪ
壬⻰˵


476 շ
ûڸĹĸעʱѾиıĸܺ͹ᣬ˵˵
˧Щ㤵˵壬˼˵ǲˣ
ٲˣ
˧Ƶضͷϻкַ·ļڸͬʱı壬ԳһɣڣҶˣûˣϺϪȪˣϪֻǳϦ֮£ڵҲٲȻǶǿղ֪жԸʾãˣǲ֮أ
˧˻һ̾⾿ô£һҹ֮ͱˣ
˧Ƶص֮Ȼ׼ȷԣ͵Ĺ麣ǸıڵУһɷǳ²ҲŹ֣˶Ҹңⳡлɣ֮ڶȴĪûˣǧΪһǲ֪˶ٱ
˧Ƶ̾Ϣֻǿϧ˺֣ضħڵġҲգҲգƢ壬ǻţһзʱҲֻǴֻ
˧˲Ǻͬ˧Ƶص˵Ե壬ҲܾһֱȥɣǻŻʲô壿ħڵĸҪȵһ죿
˧Ƶץס˧˵֣صģ֣ص˵нصӣЦЦƣһҪúõĴ򡣡
˧΢΢һ㶣ȻƶǶĵ˵ͷ
ֶѸȥһ̶񾩳Ƕ
ʳǱԵѩѵĴӵ˻γԴ㿴ǰվˡ
˸߰һװҲһͷ϶һͬͼ
Ѫķˡ
ʳѾ֣ӴԺ󣬸ң
ѩ̧ͷһգҹǺɫģ֪һסʳǵĴǡֻǰʮʳǴţȥҹȻǺɫ
ãպôڻʳǱԵûֱӱĩɡҲܵǹɴǿҲ˲ԶЩֱӻΪѪɫӰ
Щ£һҪȫסֻһ㣬ܶȫ
Գѩһеʼٸߣ˿̾վǰ
ѩʵ㾿˭
еǶϲҷ֮ӡ
ʵɱģ
ǡ
㾿ʲô
ܼ򵥣һȺ־ͬϵһɡ
㲻ɱңѵһ־ͬϣ
ѩȥֱԵѡ㣬ΪԸֻΪˡǾôװ׵ˣδ̫˷ѡ
ѩǲԸأ
̾Ҳûа취жԳѪĽǸõϡ
ڻĮʱйһսʱҾûսл
£Ҳ̫ԸĹ¡˫ָֻ࣬㡣Ըţȥ١ǲԸţҲǿ
ѩһЦӻͳСһѾһľͷƵ˵㡣
ȤΧųѩתǿľͷȥܿһŮ˵ĳΡ
΢ЦӦһŮˡѾˣԲôһܸ˵¡ţúȴȥǾһܱˡ
ѩ˫ͻȻһͣоþò
ֻ΢Ц
ѩû뵽֮ӾȻһɷǡ˻Ѿıĸ֣һƬң㾿ɱˣ
Ц˵̫Ҳûشֻһ֮ǰ֮ĵǱ˭ȭͷЩ㲻ϣȥ˺úõػţͱ㹻ǿ˵һ䣬ţֱȥ١Ϻнɽȥ˳ȹһ׽١Ѫе֪ȵɽǼ˶ٱһ㣬ѵٶɲˣ
˵г˪ȥһʿվþֺãĿ⿴
е˽֪ľӾĳӪ֮⣬κһõҶԸ
һЩԳѩĹĽʿҲֳӵ
˪ɫҧŭħǲŲҪ
Ǻǣܾǿ
Աϣ̧֡
ѩæһץסе֣á
¶һȻ飬յߣҪ㱣Ů˲ֹһ
ѩ۾Ĭã̾ѡš
žžž
ƣתȥģ͸
ѩҲתĹжȥ
磡˪󺰵
ѩû˪ʼնûһۡ
ӪʿǸЩ˰ͲסųѩȥǸŽģǾģ
ͣ½Ų΢ƫͷǸֳһĨЦ⡣
ɣ
ڣ
Ϣ£ɲţЧģʳǣ


477 ۵Ļ
һҹ֮䣬񾩳еʳǺˡͬһҹ֮䣬񾩳Ĵȴˡĵ֮ʣһѩϯݣһװȴ̸ѩ׷꣬Ϊ۴һֽǶ˵ͳ궼һ̵ֵݡҲδֵ̡
һ𣬽ɽһЩϵϣϰ뵽ıսң룬ʹࡣ
һ꣬һĿˡ
񾩳⣬ϷһƬããѩԭϣһ֧ǧ˵ĶǰУһĽӡ
ÿ˵ľ񶼺ήңÿ˵嶼ƣովһսϹ;
ΪʧܣǲҵġΪܹؼңҸġ
ѲȱȫļУͷժ£һήƣµȫ¶ڷѩ֮СĽʿǱЩͣЩã
γսս񾩳ͦʱͬʮѪжڣϹҵ·ͬ׵ߡ޵İ׷ԭʵȴ·ڸ߱ˣѾˡ
еһߴͻȻͣԥ˺ܾúܾãŻתľɫ
Ŀ⼫Զһǣɫĳǡ
޼ɺͿ馵ңûгҲûκʱ򷢳һ˿
˺ܾã馲ſ˵˺ܶࡣ
ǰҾ˽ʧܵ׼ʧܣܽܡ
馳彣ݺݵĲѩ˫ֳڽϡ·ͻˤһ
ɫΪѿг˱ˣԭΪµȴ뵽ֵǣԩţ
һ̣һ־ץסʤҲ˲ʹĴۡǸʱѾսೡ馷ǳεĽˣս࣬ӰɱࡣʤıƽµȴԽԽ١ڣһ
ڣҲˣһΪѪΪ˳Ѫĵϡʮȴһǧ˶ûˡ
Ҳǻҳ۽ǵİ̺ڰѩӳԵɼǳ馿Щº͵˵үڰÿ˵ﶼʹү㲻ܵ¡
һкã馿ɥнصĻǣΪľһ˭뵽ȴΪ˼¡
ҳɹˣ⽭ɽԼҵģǾڣʲôǸʲô
ܿܣʲô˵ġ룬վû˵ڣֻ̾ϢɽڲûգүȻ
ҡҡͷزȥˡܻȥҲزȥˡɹɽңȴΪ˾µˣ
˵馾Ȼ£ᣬΪҵЩС֮лɳáټľɽΪҺֶñ˳롣һţԲ²ˣҲȥ׺ֵܣ
Ѿˣ
үЩæ馣޼ʹ˸ɫһʹȥƺԸ馿ɫĳǡ
ɫˣȫԭϢȡھеĵλ֧Ѳǧˡ
ǣҲǷǳ塣ԥִԭشһЩ׵
˵һͨ޼ɵİ½
磬֯Щȥǰ濴үţ˵вС׷
޼ɺͿ˵ͷӪ˳ȥֻ馺ˡ
馱۾Сȴû˯ͻȻʲô
룬үȻһΰˣȴǻͳڽкµϡοʴػүУֻҪǶúûţδزܳ¡
ûֳֻŶͷĲЩʵ룬׸òɱҡ
һ㶣Ҫ˵ЩʲôֽŵɱңȥͶУܻһͷǣǲĺȥġ
£֣ص˵үǧҪ˵
馰˰֣ЩǾͲҪ̸ˣһ°ɡ
Ȼ𣬵ү뽲
̾ϢһǺҲ֪
Һܵ
֪ųȥټ٣ټ棬һȴģǾݵǷֳ֮顣Ҫǣͬͬĸ׵ܵܣֻͬĸ츸ĵܵܡ
ԣʱһ㶣òĿ⿴馡
ⶼġЩʵܡ
馽ŵĸֻûȢŵˡȴԸһǺοǹһصŮˣԸˬʶأһšİһһǳѩһǵʱľ̫ӣҵĴʡ
һˣڽڻŮˡȴһ͵ʴȵˡӲڽϺȽϣҲӲԼȨѹˣԼŮˣ۰мӣŮеĹȥͨϵʶ롣̫棬ǷǳҪõֵܣ˽³ƺΪ硣ΪԲʵĳΣֻǵȣ̫没أΪ˼ǿʵĹϵȻ˵룬ȥʡŵӦȢޣͱƽƽ
ΪǸ޵λӣҲΪ˲Ϊѣ뾹ȻӦҪǸʱ򣬳ѩᣬʢΪ׼˽ЩɴֻһҹȴΪһҹݡ
渵ɫͣطű仯ԼĸױȻô۵Ĺ¡
ȴ·ְ£ŵҲһ̫꣬ϷƱãڼλͻȻΪ˳͢ĵһˣǳ͢ʵϵĻʵۡ𣬳ɾˣΪıǱҡڹ治ȥᣬͻе뿪񾩡Ժ󣬱û֪ȥ
馺ȻЦЦԼԶЩƽƽĹһӣԲŻһˣܾײļȴû뵽ģݻǴ磬ҳΪˡ
˵ǲϣŪˣ
ĬúʵүЩĶģ
̾ûҪƭ㡣ʵϸֵܵԸ񣬻Ƕ̳˸ס㣬Ϻɱһ񡣶ݣլʺºͣʼֱһģһ
үЩΪʲô
㣬ʴȻУܷӳáΪָʴصʡǶӣʴֻеУܷӳ
룿
΢΢һЦҷҪʴҲջСݻţѵʴؽɡ̫ӣʵĶӣڵĵܵܣүĻڡ
һ㶣ܵͻȻ֮ͳ˻ˣ
ţ馣Լĸо
ڻĮСŵ֪СӺֳ׽ʱ벻ף룬ǰݵԴô
ˣڸ֪ģ㶼֪ˡԶˡ
˵仰˫־ͷȵĴͷϡ
ү
֪һˡڸһжںΪ㡣
馻ı۾
˿ĿעĳһۣȻİȥ
ˣڰȴһɫ
үүү𣿡
޼ɺͿӪܾȴȻ˻Ӧ޼˽ȥ
ǰŸһӪʣ˾ʹס
Ӫеϣţ˫ֺȻķ˧ϡ
ϣȴûͷ
µѪѻһƬѪ
޼ɴԭأ鼸ۿйĳ
һƨڵϣǾ֣ôˡôˣ
޼ɽر۾馵ʬݣλ۵ĻȭͷգָУǴмġ
ģ


478 Ͷ
ʯ᾵ĺɫУиֶųѪģʼչŵЦ⡣ٸž׵ľվڶ⣬ֳԴÿ˵ĶͷϣһѪ˵ͼ
ڻˣֱվеҡĹ㡢ξٰԡɣһǳѩ
ʵۼݱ󣬾ѾǵһѩȻǸпǧǰʮ֪꣬ʥٴΣ뵽ôһ죬Ȼ⸱ģ
ﻹǳʥأֱһħߡ
ħʣպҲȷΪĴʡ˽¹СѪħߡ
һŰӭž˵ľĿ⣬һһѪħȥ
˵ܰףһЩѪ䣬ĿòӢ棬۽һ˰̣Ϊ˼ִжһѪܵ壬ϸȥᷢһͷ
ɫƽ꣬Ŀбӵߵǰ
ĿֻǿеıӰûκˣѩҲûᣬͷ
вûתȻųѪģ̾˵ϣǲȱصˡͶ״ңҺ⡣
ͷ
ĹξٰԵ˵ͷξٰԱ߹ӹͷ
ͷ
ôЦ˵ȻġΪˣ϶Ǵˣǰ١
Ĭ
úתһɢĳߵǰģ΢Цӭ룬ҵֵܡ
˵ףǶĶӣͬĸֵܡ
ʱƶŸ壬ߵб˵һǵ꾸̫͸ģΪʴء֪
԰΢΢ͷҺǴʴҪȴͷ塣ܿϧûҵҾ̫ͣ޷̽ܡ
һϧ¡һЦ㲻ÿϧ𣿡
ƽ˵ǳϧѾ
𣿡ȫһŵӡ
΢΢һЦļ򣬺˵ֵ⻰˵ˣͱȴʲô壡ʴܲôĪʧԺҡڣ㾿ҪҪΪѪһԱóѪĵ
ͨĩѪģǰԼӻ˱ѪˣЩעѪˣһӵѪҺͷҲѪ˵ͼԴһ壬ѽܳѪ˶ΪѪ塣
ǰͶЧģܳΪѪһԱóѪĵѪĵҲޣ׳󣬾Ͳÿ˶ʸΪѪһԱˡֻ⣬еȻһԼ
ûлشֻǵ˵ͷ
Ͽɣб㲻ԥʳָβָ͵㣬Ȼָͣؿڣÿ˵ĳޣĿǰľΪҾǺģҲֻɾҪǿͻƣܲס
ˡ˵ͷ
еÿȻֻܵõһγѪĵֻҪΪѪһԱųѪĵ׳ǵٶʼնάһپ״̬Ѫ彫ʱ߶˵壬罫ͳ졣ǵһߵֵܣֻҪ㲻䣬Ҷ㽫Զ䡣
ʱеֽһƳȭᶨ˵ͶΪֻ㣬ܸ
̹ף˵úã󣬵ܸģҲȷֻң
˵ţʩչһ·𽫳ѪĻһ㣬ʱСһѪܣ̽塣
Ƭ̺ٴѹѾɱ䡣
ͷϵѪͼ쳣
ʱѪϷ·춯нӡѪһָʱһС֮УһӰظ˳
ˣ˵鶼һݡ

ʱȫ¶ϸСѪ˿ס䣬ƣȻǱסˡ
ѪȡپϰٸǿߵסµһҲ֡
ѾѪĸһЩˡ
ϲޱֻһ졣
пٿȻЦ˵ǸĻ񰡣
ʵУ㾿ʲô
еֻҵֵͶˡǶĶӣֵžۣ㲻Ӧøе𣿡
Щ¾ΪʲôҺĸ׶㶼ûκζ⣬һݴأɷǳꡣʹڳħߣ


479 ħΪ
˵ôòȻĸ׶ԣֻǵĳӰˡѡʦȥ꣬һΪҵļƻ֪ȥȥɽҵĴͿһûûɣʲôҪǵķԸҵʲô壿ҵĸĸļˣѪ½ֻҲɵġȻ磬ҲҪͬɡɣ㲻ܸңĸҲܸңĸܸң˻ܸԣֻܿԼ磬ҳΪܣ
̫̾ˡҪ磬ôװ쵽ġ
Ѿɹˣ𣿡΢΢һЦܻôһЩвᱻһһ˳Ѫģɽʲô̫Ľ̻ʲôϪһҹ֮ǡʦҲ취ҵݣûĻǰͬһˣֻҪҵ
𣿡ЦѪϹŷۣ֮֮Ȼ֮ͨĩǿγɡħڽҹԭһֻϹǸҪϬѪ֪һЩʵ޵еĴ䷽ʽϹŷ֮ϹžŴۣ֮ȴ֮ȡ˾Ŵ֮Ҳãݴصǿ߸պöۼڻʳǣȻѪĸɲ򣡡
˵Щʲôأһֱ΢ЦҲɱ㣬һ۾úÿġ
۾һʧܵģŴҵ˸ԵĴˣǾŴ֮ĳѪģ
ԣͳѩ͵͵ضһۡ
𣿡еŴ֮Ϊ𣿡
ߵߣĺˣֵܣѪһԱ
ѩǱˣҲѪһԱ
һֵܣǹˡҵ㵹ҪҺúȰȰЩѪ壬ֵܲս
ƫȥһ
Ҫ£ˣĶףǸӦ֧ҡ
Ĭ
гȥ˵Ϣɶˣ
һصģʳǡħ˧ѻصħڡ˺˳ǰԭɽ³ֹ̫ĽִгֶŮȻ֪٣̫Ľ̵õ˵ݺ޼ڻ;СݺʥӦɶ죬Ҳ֪١
г˼Ƭ̣ħ˧˳Ѫġ˺˳˵ɽڵһȺʿϴѱһС׳գֻҪƼյҪѪ岻ѡҸ磬ֻҪܿҲģǴΥ治á޼ɣҪıˣͬ㣬ҪˡӦɶ壬ǺݵŮˣ˾Ȼγ˷޵һ׮¡Ҳû£˵ѪˣֻҪеݻƾʲôҿ⣿ƾʲôþŴ֮ϣֱ췽ҹ̷
תͷȥʡҪЩ߰ˡעףЩҺұῼǻָɡȻ㲻ƭңΪ¶ôһ㲻ģҶġΪµһˣҵһܼԦˣ
һԡ
Ѫħ֮Уµһ˵ѱȫѹס
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ɹЦȥӢӢʵӢ
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ѩǰ棬Լ󡣸зִ磬֪еֵܣպؽҪܳ裬̬ŵú
Ҳ˵ʲôȻܡ
ŵľͻȻ߳һһŽѩУѩˡ
ѩüͷһæ
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磬㲢һˣҲ֪ΪʲôѡҲΪʲô֮ҲħΪ飡ˣδǱؽټ֮ʱ־ˣá
ѩؿ˼飬УֱΪһŻҽ
ı۾Ȼ󳤳³ӿ첽ǰȥ


480 ɽ
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ʱ޸пʱԼŸյõУҲǺͿʼԼҲֻһˮ꾳͡һȥͿѾˣΪ˹ǻҾڸռУҲΪһ굤͡˷ƺ̫죬תۼʵۼݱʹңҲ֪ڳʲôӡ
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Щɫսܹ죬ΪǲִĺֺɫƤѪ͸һȥһа
ʱݲ֪ЩǱѪעġѪħÿһƥֻٶȺʮһӵ൱ɹ۵սΪ׵˿µĳѪħһЩͬǰֹҪĳѪħߡоٽһЩܳһԳ
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ӦɶĿǰʵûиڤڶɴûСĸһ֧ʮ˵С鵹Ҳȥ˵Ķ飬ǾͿסˡ
ǡǡѪ׷ɱʱڣÿ춼˱ѪɱһǰڽպϪһҹ֮䱻𡣾˵лûԳֻǼ´˵ˣͽϪƽˡ
֪֪֮ԼѪϣǿ϶׶༪١
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481 ɽеɵӣСڵҸ
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Ѫ꣬
ĴѩвϮӽⶳ︴գɽӯȻγһƬһƬɲͬεɫɵĴȻɽľ棬Եôֻ˯˯֮󣬻Ǹ׳
ߵɽ֮УһȺ˷ֳɼСӣȺȺŴϵŶ۵ּ䴩
±СŲŲµʯǵĲ̤¹䣬вǾͻЩʯһȥˤ顣
ȴû뿪±ߵһᲱб
СݣҵļˣһͿȥʮָŶбϵһֻɫҰ˵ҰûðվҲΣյбϣⶼΪԻղ֪׷Ұ÷˶ٿռҰ޵ؿӲűεıϵϡ
ǱƺΪСݡ˳÷ǳ⣬Ϸ·ȥһ㣬ģϲֻЩͣ˵Ҳ£һɵģ
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ҲΪɵӣԱСûгƺΪСݸ硱Цôܽһɵ磿Ҳɵ
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ۼֿ죬һץסҰãЦҮСӣлһģԼĵǽ¡ԸΪǹ⣬ҲԸˤɣ
Сݣ߰ɣǻȥ
Сָһ֧
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Сݳ͡ԡһ£
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ߴӢͷ˺һ󣬶ʱӮиŮӵĻܴ𾴵ͷȨˡ͵ܵõŮ˵ΪӵżͷɽеСׯľ֧
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ڴǵͷػǴׯӢۡ
ԻȺĻȴûϽ壬ڴڵȴһͬɽͬ顣
ӺС
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иɵԱ߰æܴӾͲˡ
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ɽ򣡰ѽӣг
ӵⲻץģСġ
ʲôôܣӣ֪СݹϵãҲò˵Ļɣ
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ɵɵôһСɵϣȻȢôµСϱ
ǰСϱģˮ鰡ƯĽСزƨ̣ˮ㣬Ժ󲻵ҲԺҶҪȢһϱðˣ
ѽҿĽѾͷɣ㶼ʮˣز˼һʮСѾͷ
ȥȥȥҳѵ㳤ĹһԸƵģû
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ŸŮǵΧͳͳԶ롣ЩɽũǵĻӣʵ˲
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ǾûһϲСģ䲻ԸСݸ磬ȴƺСΪ㡣
СЦŶ˵ͷɽʹ͸ˣҼңҸ˳ԡ
̫ˣһȥ˵һȥ˵ţӹϵķɽ
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Ȼû˰СɵӶ˵˵ɵɵ
ɵɵӵĿ֣ɵɵӵҸ
ŮˣĺҸ


482 һ̲ס
Сĳպܲÿ˶Լ츳ÿ˵ڽɽǰСǧС㣬һ֮ͲҪԼɽֻǸһЩѧһᣬķ˱ǳζɿڡСݳܽᣬһҪжߵĳգؼǿòġ˵˭ԡСϲС˵Ƥúۡ
ӶԣСݼҲ䷹ҲǼǳҸ¡ΪǲƷζɿڵķˣܶ࿴С㼸ۡ
ӺĽСݣûжҲİС쵱
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С΢΢һ٣ʵѪ壿
ҲŲ̹ϵ˵ҵС͸ңʲô£ҪһһӡĻڱѪƾջ˵ģҲԸ⡣˭֪ʲôа
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ݱɽиһЩһ֮ڣʥ֪˶ٶֲﶼĻ»˹ŻʹúͶµʥС굤׳תΪ˴굤
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ݾֻþάȥ
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Ӧɶƿ£Щʧߡ
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ܵž޴ȫʱȺġ
ݴӺڰһץסӦɶС֣С죬ȥһ̲סġ


483 ӵء
ɽܺڣݺӦɶ˯ʱûеƣƽ˶ȫֲָӦɶ콫Դ°͵´գС·һֻСè˻㣬Сݣ̲סҲûϵѽڱǱǷˡ˵ҲͰԼˡѾסһ꣬ȴҶôġ񡯣ϣӦɶŵѵǲϲ𣿡
е£ݸ׼Ų壬ԼܲӦɶȵ壬ͻȻӦɶ˵ĻﻹƶֺӦɶİ⡣С죬ǧҪ˼롣жôϲ㣬϶֪ġ
Ϊʲô
ȻӦɶָʲô͵˵ǻûеʱ򡣡
Ӧɶʵ𣿡
̹ϵ˵룬ҵȻ룬ҷǳ롣Ǵͬʹ࣬˶ʧˣȴֻǻһעǵԵ֡ԽˣұԽҪϧԵ֡
ݷӦɶ§ڻС죬ʵҺ£ˡ
Ӧɶûгȴ˵ȥ
ݵ˵ħʢѱɽУӣҲѲ˸ϵƳʹͷɽ˽ʳǣǳ͢ͲܾˣоͲлóѡôˣô˲֪٣СûѶСҲûѶճǶȥˣ֪үүǹ˵ڻʲôʸ̸ۼޣ
ڴͷС죬ҪģһļңҪеҸȻͲ󣬵ô£һڴ￴ôķޡ˵ʵҺĽǡûгΪ͵ʱҿɳڣͺһԼƽĵطƽƽһӡ
УڲУݵͻȻʮֵͳȻѲ˸ϵȻҵ޵УֻҪһһڣҾ;Σ硣һҪΣôһ죬İˣһڻ㰲ĹһӡǸʱǻصС壬ȥС죬𣿡
Ӧɶһֱ΢Цؿݣ۾˵ͷģҾģ˵ҪҸеҸҸ㣬ֻҪһҾͺҸ
Ӧɶ˳˯ݵĶϣָϣĲҪ̫࣬ҲҪôࡣкܶ£ԤϵģЩܼ
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С죬Ұ㡣
ӦɶݻҸһЦſֱ۽ݱĽģССŵĦݵĶӣ૵˵Ҳǡ
Ů˵ĵһΪĶǲػһұ׶ߡֻҪһ첻ǾıԼԱ֤ƾʲô˵ˡ˶ˣǻ̸ʲôԷҸвұ㲻㡭
ӦɶָݵĴϣֹ˵ȥ
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ӦɶСݣҵ˽㣬ҲҪ룬˻ϣԵϣ浽ϣ˵òã
ůԱжᶼԭΪԼ̹ϻӦɶ첻ϾѾһһˣ˴˶ϰжԷšʱ̹˵ҵҲҪػӦɶܲˣáû뵽Ӧɶ첻һʮֿģΪԼҶˡݿóҲóӦɶⷬȷȷʵʵǷĵġܺһһ굱һҸջʵͰ嵱ǽˣ֪ݲԼһܹӵеġ
֪ˣʵƽ⣬ȥң
˿۾Ӧɶ챧øˡ
С죬ҳɾǾɽڳɳʱеҲ׳ǲһӣʱǺĲɽ취絽еˣֻҪзģǾһɹҷģһҪʱȴеĶԹѪ壬һƬ徲ԼǷµծ
ӦɶصصͷóĬͬݵľ
һ΢¹ɽжܷΪĹâ¹ɽγһƬһƬʡʵĹӰ£ɽеСӵأʤȴ˼


484 ֣졣
ݺӦɶδȻɽɽ飬ԶɽҲдµ˽⡣
ݴѱкѪףĻһȾֻСĳ͢ΪѪѪΪֹѪڶˡѪλûоκһôϽȻԳѪۣҲûԼλʱرȡһšԣȻѪͳΣҲòѪ³ƺ˽ΪѪꡣ
ѪڣΪȡͼԼΪԼЧѪԱɸѡûżֻҪԸΪЧңѪĹǾܵõѪĵұѪĵ죬һЩصΪѪһԱӴ˾ͺȫһˣħ֮䡣
ϾȡپٸǿߵγɵħѪĵǳ档İ£굤һ磬о磬ڻ񾳣ҲڳѪĵµõ޴İ
ͶĿģֻһµʱ䣬ֵµĻ;ʮһ൱ֲ֣ܾ͢ҲʮϵĻͣˮƽڵѪߣ
ڳѪĵİ£֪жˮ꾳꾳ĻΪ˳ɾͻ굤Ѫ塣Ҳ֪жٴ굤Ϊ˳ɾͱ굤Ѫ塣ڵѪԱְλٵ͵ѪԱûһ굤µġƾһ˵ȷʵʵϸı硣
һ¹жʱԼѪҪżܻ͢ǹͲţǼ˳ܼ͢Ѫ壬Ҫɸѡʺõġҳ϶ȹġǴͶ״ƸϡлĲܼѪ塣
һʱ䣬ѪѳΪŵĴһ֧ӣһһȺˣ
ѪҲ֣ԴǵõѪĵѪҺͳѪĳϵڵһεõѪĵٶȻܵõѪĵļӳֻ֡ҪҲһѪĳߡ·ǮׯһǮׯһʳʼĴÿɳһЩ͵øǮׯϢ
ѾѪ˺ΣҲѡЭϾǴӳѪϵõʵʵڵĺôҲˣǰ档
˵Ѫֻһζĸ裬ȡֶܼã
Ѫ˶ĬĽʵֻһЩѪ˱üΪΪѪľһȡɹħǡ
Ѫ̬ȷǳǿӲ˳߲֪жǽǰκ¶ҪɣΪֻҪжˣɡ
ǷǳսһսǵĶֱ㶼ļΪңеԪᱻգȻ͵Ѫ֮УжҲõѪĵһ͡
Ѫ˶ԣѪľǵֻҪѪĻڣǿҲͻԽԽǿǳѪûˣҲʧȥ˰˵ơ
Ҳһ̶ֹϵ
һϵ£Ѫ˸˵ĸоʮŽᡣ
ʮǰħǳ׵Ĺȥʽڵĳ͢ħߡ
ʮ֣ʮѪħ졣
һλʿдµʫ䣬Ƕʮõдա
̫ճӶµһֿʼˡ
ڵ˯ʱ̣ܶÿ˯Ȼֺȴ˶磬ΪҪճ
ɽɵϰߡ
ÿۿ̫ͻ뵽ҹȻջᵽûܸıڰĽ٣ͬҲûúڰԶ˼䡣ҹĴȻɣܸġ
һ뵽ˣݵͻһЩοȻ󻯳δúõػȥ
ɽһսûãһ̻¶˱ǰһݸ
ƴ磡
һˣݱ¶ɵܺЦݣǳ
ŵƴӦĹţ
ݽӹѴ󹭣ĸһбһ
ƾĿǰΪϾ͸оѹڲͬ
Ϊһ
Ǽͣ
ƣͷ⣬һͶûСиһǻ֣ĳĳ洫ġһǻԳƵǴıˡ
ԸоѹǼǼǼ
ǻ
Ƕ굤ͶԣǻҲǷǳˡ
ƴģ
úƴȥЦлƴ磬⡭⹭İ
סһɲǣƴĿһֱƺ뿴ʲôӦݻһĺɵЩʧ䣬ȻǸΪģ
ƴˣ
Ҳע⵽˻ƴЩȣĪ̽Լʲô


485 ƴһ幭
ƴһȥʮ꣬ɽһȻǵԻʵϵĹȴͷ͡ΪĹ͵ǳãֻɽ壬ܱЩҲݽɽʱˡ֮ԶǳЩ𾴣ΪƴһӦɶ춼ܲ
ݸսɽһʱ䣬ƴһ࣬ȥһЩëƤͳʳǳºͣûʩߵư̬һദݺҲߵĺܽ
ƴһǰһСܵġȻѡװɵҲһֱװȥˣԻƴһҲֳ˸ȡ
ݵһ˽ɽʱ򣬻ƴһ˵һһѾĴĺùһȥƴһȻʵԼĳŵ
ֻû뵽ѹȻǼǻ
ѵһɽҰ֮صܴǻ
ĪǻƴһǺһɽҰ֮ĸˣ
ˣƴһǻΪɵ֪иõĶҲݵһЩͬ̽
˼ת䣬ûȴסٶ롣Ӣ۲ʳĲɽȻĿԣֺαطҪ׷ʵס
ݿ֮סżһ˸ߵĴ󹭣ƴһϹллƴ磡
ƴһ˫ֲĿ⸱ģǸлңҶô꣬ѹ˼ġҲСиܵõҾĴıˣɲ࣡
ݽͰ͵˵ơƴ硭졭µһ
ϻƴһͦص˵뵱꣬ҵı׿񾩵ʱ򣬿񾩵һ
ݾƴ硭磬Ȼ񾩿ף
ʲô統ıݴÿһжзֺţ
ƴһƢ֪ģһ˵ûûˣ뵱뵱꣬ӵµһơҲ˵ϰߣÿ˶ֻ֪ЩЦ
ҲǵЦΪ˵ĺܶ໰ܻġ
ﵱЦȴܵЦò
ƴ˲𣡡
˲ƨƴһһݵԴЦǸɵӣģҪôɽѹȷĿǰõһѣȻóȥжôɽ֮Уû˭ĹĻáԺԣ°빦
ҡһ䱦ģˣƴ磬ȡȻôǡҸøȡ֡
ȻѾˣǾȡ֡
ݳеĴȥһᣬһ֮Լơƴ绹ǵã塭˸жѹͽ幭ɡ
֡ƴһ૵
ʵô
ƴһͷ˵ͷֵȷ˸ж󡣡
ݻΪѵ˼ƴһڰ֣˰ˣֲǿˣˣ˼ҲöԵһƬͿࡣ
ɵЦס
ƴһЩúһ⡭幭˵ͷ˹Ϫ룬һȥϪ壬ʱѡȥˣѹҲЩ
ʵϪɽ岻ԶͷһֱһֱΪʲô
ƴһ㵹ɵ˲ɵûϪɽ彻鲻ȻǺ͹Ϫ򡣡
Ǻ򣿡
ɽկ
ɽկԴһת˵˵ɽկɽɽˣ
׵ˡƴһɽկɽѣÿ궼ÿһˣȡһЩʡȥɽʱǸû죬ûϡǺ׶񣬵Ҳзִ硣һЩĴӣǾ߸յʵʡӼɵǵʵǵӣҲܾһЩĴӣȴᱻѹեԼҵĳʳĵزɽΪͷЩˣɽկɽҲֻ߸ᶯġ
ʮǰţ岻֪ǷʲôȻɽկ˸ˣǳҡһװũӴܳ˹Ϫ壬ɽկ˿һĿǹϪ塣ϪܵǣͷȥϣܿڹϪɽϲҪ̫֡
˵꣬ƴһţ͹ϪȻɽ壬ԣǰɽկҶģβ֪ôˡ
רעؿŻƴһ˵ΪʲôҪЩأԽǲԽ𣿡


486 ɽկ
㶮ʲôƴһһۣǧҪСɽկʵǸկĻͣɽĴׯĻͻҪࡣ˵ǵĴ󵱼ңһˮ꾳ͣɽʵǱǾһƨǣ϶ͷЩǲЩĴ˺룬ɽ˶ɱˣǳʲôɱȡ𣿡
ԣݶʱˣɽկھһˣÿ꿿˳ɱôֻļ⡣һӰѼɱˣǻʲô
뵽ݲɵԼǰھʱԼҡһϵһЩС壬ǺɽеЩׯһ𣿱˵ʲôоͣ徳صڰضǺ˲ˡ
ڵɽկǵĹɷţɷźأһ꾳ͣھǵǾһȫɿܡ
ЦԼô£·ǾһֻءСĶչĮħڵĶԿٵ͢ɽ˵ǨĴ¡ɵƺֻص㡣
ʲôƴһЩ΢΢ʵ
ûûʲô롭Щ޶
ƴһ΢΢һ㶣Цϸ̫ࡣƫƫȴ
ƺڷ㶣ƴһߵߣĺ󱳣º͵˵ģﲻҪиͷɽﻹǺӵġֻҪȥˣҹҲ
֣صصͷȴЦ
󵱼Ҳһˮ꾳ͣԼıһݣﻹûκθ
ݶԣҪɱһˮ꾳;ͬһֻ򵥡
򲻵ѣȻᱩ¶Լݡ
Ŵ֮һѪصѰҵĶǳɽУȻ󲨣ǳ֪͢ˣƽɽдׯͬɽկɱһɶɣ
Ͳ˵ݣֻҪ¶굤ݣɽֻ¶Ҫҡһҡ
굤۷壬ӽ񾳵Ļ͡ЩɽҰ֮˵ͬһ㡣
뷨Կ䣬ΪҲǴС߳ģԼûгΪ͵ʱ򣬱˵굤С굤һоǶоһ
һ㣬˵ʱоܸܵ
ƴ磬С컹ڼҵңؿѾˣȻȥ
ȥɣٺ٣㵹ǸɵɵļһȢôһϱƴһٺٺٵЦ
ףһ̵ˡ
ǰѴ󹭿ȥ˵Ҳʮرݿڱͬһƴһ棬СһȻɵ󰡣


ͷȻ˶ԹϪĳŵѡʮһȥϪ塣ɽ˼Ҳûһٸʮ˼ͷԼѾɽľųˣóͷΪҲ壬ڰϪ壬Ƿ¡
ⱻеʮУӣûݡݱɵҲûͷۡ
ݺӦɶ컹д˶ۼڴڣĿͷʮȥݶɽĸҲڴˣӵĸǳӣһǾమһˡ
ԽˣݶճԼҺĸױԽ
˵ĶӣҲ²ĶӣԼҲ֪Լ˵Ѿںˡ飬ĸ顣飬Ϊ˴ĸ顣мƽϣԼ˭ΪһģճԼҡ
Գɳǣ޼ɣоǲԼˡ
ݺǡ
ա
ͷǲ߳ȥڻͷʹͱĴʱͻȻһӵ
ǽŲ
ԶĽŲ
Ƕֹͣ˼ǰۼڴڵĴҲԶ
һᣬһȺյ˳СܹһȥҲʮˡֻǰŵһۣܿһɷףоƷǳѹȸУ·һѹ˹
ͷüͷʱ
ʱڵĴҲ۷׷ס
ɽկˣ
ôˣ
ǲȥϪ𣿡

ĻţȺĵԭĴڱЩҡ
Ӧɶ֣ĿҲǰ
ɽկ˷ٶȣͷ֣ʾſ̣Լȴӭ͵ļƣǰȥ
Ϊһ˸һڵú̿һֻ۾кصˣȴתҲ֪ǲϹġ
ͷưͷô֪ҪƾͰڿˣ


487 еɱˣûô
ͷ˿һۣæԭɽկĵң磡
۲֪ϹϹ˵嵱ң
ͷһ㶣ҲеЩ졣˵ԭĵңͻȻ嵱ңӦһֵ̫ø˵¡ȴ˵ֱ׳ûһ˿·Ȼһ
˵ͷҲû嵱ңǵ쵱ҵģһǽǲǸһЩ棬ɽˡⲻһ߶㣬ˡ
ܵɤźܴ󣬵ͷӵȻҪҲͷ㰡ÿ겻һΣͲڡ
Ƕл쵱ҵ̧ˡͷһ䣬м˵
ǴȥϪһ˵ġлҪͷһЩˡ
ӦõģӦõġͷתԴں峤վɰɣɽկֵǱɽ̫ƽҲǶŰ
峤ӦǣͰ֣쵱ҵЪһЪ
һĻһƲͷʹ峤̬ܲ
Ȼ쵱ҵ˵վɣͷӲ԰
ͷʱǰ΢Ц֪òˣȥ겻ǺǰһվԼõġ
˫ֱأͷһֺģţ˵ȥ갡ɽկͳ˿һͲԴġկＸλҷǳߣҪǿҽ鲻ֲͣĸ˵û󵱼Թˣ
ɡ
ûʲôɲɵģһ˫۾ضͷܱסһܱ꣬һӲɣ㿴ڶĵҵ嵱ˣ˵ķͷϵܣҪǣƴǣǵǲǣˣ
ָȥңҸһӣӶߣ
ͷɫһݣ⣡ò
ٸҷƨͻȻŭֵµԽԽ࣬񵽵һһ࣬ûҪ屶ǸˣѵòͷϵܣɲҪŪҰ
㲻ȥɣͷδ˵һֱһ˶ʱһг˶ܵĲм֮⡣
ĳĻëСӣҺô˵
ԳУͷǿһȭ˴ȥ
ͷһæתһȭһȭδȻһֻѸٰγ󵶡
ͻȻ˱УͷԱܵĺˣȻһ㳯˵ļ򴦿ȥ
һ˿ء
ɽ˶һֺϣ˿ûء
ЩУһͬµһһҪȾͲҪͿ
ȥ˴ﶼӣһʮ꣬ӸҲͣܵͷϲԲһֱߡһͷѧгɣҲǳţ»ȴû뵽ûųԼĻԻͣͱһ»Ȫ
ڶʱ˿캰صĲҽӵļˡ
ɸˣȴǱһĻˡ
ͷɽȷЩӣЩǰƺá
ͷɫҲһֻֻק֣ܵ쵱ҵģˣ
ߣɱѲ𾴳СӣʲôСӲùܣΪȥ鷳ܳͷȥǲҪ÷ֵҲһùܣʱӣǾʲôʲôˣٺ٣ǴкֵܶܶûŮأǽ˴ӣС椣ҿɾܲסˡ
ͷֱ۲ͣĲһջɿˡ
ú֣һ겻ɽկǰ˺ܶࡣǸԼӣʵںݺݵشţ屻壬뵽ܴĵұ嵱ңһûһ˿ãͷĪɽկһλĵңǵôţ
ú˱۾תԴеĴ峤ǰɡ
ӡҲΣҲֻͷųŵôãЭˡ
ͷ峤Ըǣӵô죿ͷͻȻһ
ԣ˶һΪӡ
ڴϲҲ֪ӹϵܺãǴС浽Ļ顣ӾԼǰɱӵ֪
˵Ŀⶼȥһæס졣
һţ»ģǿɲϣӵĺ󳾡
ȴǿֻסԼ֣һװˣѵûһ𣿡
ܳȥͷżĽٴγ֡
һ˫۾ͬް㶢ӣòм˵Ҫʲô
ҡûΪҲûԼʱǹɳɱĸоѹȵʵڴ
峤æӺӣ˵ˣǲҪʲôҪˡ
ǰǰӣ˵ˡ
Ƕʱ۷׷ףвҾ緢
Ҿ˵ûɱ˳ǷծǮȻеɱˣѵûһô
һ·ƳдĴÿһ˵ĶС
˶һ㶣Ȼ󳯷ȥ
ڣǴֿȺ룬һһŮվ
ǶʱͨͨһΪ˵仰ݣ
ɵСݣ
˵ɫüΪѿȻɵӣ˵ûأҲᾭ˼ɱΪɵӵĻǵܷŭӰ
Щϸȴ֣ʱɵСݣȥֲôɵˣ˵ûнأ
˵úãеɱˣѵûһôС˵ĻӾüΪʱ͡ǵжʱˣһԻҪǳˡ


488 Ƕ
Ϊݵһ仰ܵעתƵϡϴһûдʲôرĵطЦͷţ屻㶼֪˰ɣ
ͷʱ亹ֱð֪֪
֪ܵΪʲô⵽𣿡
ͷҵǲ֪
ΪǴ˼֪ߵغСëӣҵңӱ㱻ˡ
ͷȻ֪ʲô˼æӺʹɫʹɫʱЩʧ䣬ɵֶʲô񡭡
ֵ˵ҵƢұҲǰĶң˭ҪЩ
ͷ룬ԷƣƢǼλõġ
ͶˡܵȻ̣ƾʲôҪ̣ˣٵȵһ꣬Щ֪ߵغĺӼոˣƢˣҲǺ鷳
˵ţѳȥ
һ˶߽˴ӡ
״ͷʧɫæһŽ塣
ѹļƣ˿һȫûܷϵģ˶ۣɵη֪ɽկҲͲǡ쵱ҵѾ˵ĺˣţ֮ԱΪ֪ߵغĺӣɱΪݵɵӰ
ȥ֮ʱв˵ˣСݣǲ֪ǵ㲻Ҫǣ
ǰԼҪСϱͲˣ
ǣɣͷӵģֻҪǲΪġ
һɵӳʲôᣬ˴ҡҲΪã

ЩȰ룬һЦ˵ЩҲ˽ʵҲȷΪݺãģȴݷǳм
ҲãʵҲգ۸˵ĵزʱǻվجζμ
ΪûҲͰˣԽҲԽ
Ǹ⣬ݾԲٷ
תۼ䣬ߵǰͣ¡ĿȴûϾԵӦɶϡ
Ȼ䣬ܵ۾ͷų˹⣬Ǹģ˾ˮ
С椡ôذǰôû
ܴܵ󣬱ԵüΪţ벻ãӦɶɽŵҲġ˶ɽկЩǿǻʣµģǴկֻ»Եͷʣɣ
ӦɶɽԵʱ¶ǰǶܵģͬʱҲݣɵɷӡ
ȫݵĴڣͳӦɶȥЦ˵㷢ǷĹãҾͷʹ峤㼸졣ǷĲҾʹȥúιһι㡣
޳ܿͽÿ֣
ݻδ˵һ͵شӡ
һ˵ţһӦɶȥܷ
һĻݷǳжȻЦɵȷȷһǳĲϵˡ
治ͷˡʼûĿ꣬ԻʱͿˮĥ䣬ڿӦɶﻹԸϻ޲ϰӦɶȥ
ûӿһˣһȥ
ĵܴȺͣͻȻƵӰڸס
Ӷʱ¶ֵĿ⣬һ˵ʵڱ޿ɱܡ
˶ס۾Ѿ뵽ӱһصĻˡ
ϣ
һ죬·󵶱ʲôסһ㡣
ܻعͷȥ۾ʱĵϴΪʲôԼĵɵعͷŷֵԼ󵶵ĲǱУһȥǺǿ׳
ʱҲˣΪǰѴ󵶵ģݵ
Ѫ֮
˲Ŀ⣬ݽ󵶴ȴѴ󵶿ȥһô󵶣һֻڴĿ֮½ǰѴһ򣬿ǴĿġ
ڻ˵Ѫ֮ʲôϡ¡˵Ǳ굤ͣǽ꾳Ҳ
ЩɽҰ֮꾳ǽһĴڡ
Ӳʮ֪꣬һϽµĺӣʲô¶ûʦТ˳ĵ£˵û˾ûˡҲʮ꣬ԵҪɱʵһǳаĵĺӣȴҲҪԵɱֻΪ˵һʵˣƾʲôϣ˵仰˵ȫ˱仯ϲɵĿɱ⣬Ŀ󣬵ЩߵĹƾʲôϣ
죬Ƕ


489 һĴɱ
˫ֽܵĴһ򣬴Ǿˡ
˵һҪ˶ĻǾˡ
ǰߵľΪû뵽ݾȻôҿȥʵɵߵľΪǺ仰ǳƣһԺɽկ˺Ļ
Ǿ׹ܣݸղչֳֶֻݻЩһЩ¡ɽկ¿ֲѾãЩ£ҲΪʮ˾ܰЩ˶ɱ⡣
ȫҲ亹ղһ·ԼǰȱƽĸоϢ·һףηʲôҲˣ֪ܵʵ嶯ηɢ侲»ղԼǻȥˣƺһҲڳ嶯
ìܣݺʹӵİΣݲҪ˵ȥһɱȴɱǣ漣
ɣôܣ
СݣǸһɽһļһǸɵһôܻЩɷ˵Ķ֣
ݵĴ͹ܺǷһЦݵĿж˱ĺͳ
ͷһһ˼Ǿ͹ֲˣ
ܿһֱɴ󺺣ʵϸ˵ⷬʱȴˡݸղ¶һЩСආпҲ˵㣬ȴǼΪˡΪǰǣѪ֮һһ˲֪ȴġΪһѷ˾ųΪ˰Ҳء
Լʹ˾ųһȻԷò׳׵Ѿˡȴװú˵Ⱥк󣬺Ȼϣ࣡
һһ֮䣬ܶԼĴ㡣Ǹ֣ɽСĸܸߵȥ仰˵ĸ֣ĴСȻôߵĸ֣Լֵܶ࣬ǺҲúȵƣߣ߳ˣǾԼȡʱˡ
֪ηһ£ǶʱӵųݳȥĿƳߵӦɶʱ¶̰Ŀ⡣ǶӦɶͬŰץȥˣҲǼλҵģҵĶܺ󲿷ֱץȥŮˣֻҪûб͸ǡ뷨ɱݵľ͸ˣݻǹ
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ɲǼ䣬ԴΪƽɵһСޣȥôĲ
ʮСආãֱʹһǻӰơҪӰֻǻϰٵӡ˲佫ȫڵء
˵ˣҪڡӰơע˽ÿһƵص˶оһҴܡһ䵶Լڵҽһ󣬱»ĩѪȥ
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490 
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˶ʱԣз·뵽ʲô֡
԰Ѿˣ㲻ɱ˻ȥѵͲ壿

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491 
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ն
ննڣȻ㲻նϹȥҾûڣҾֱҪ
նڶննļڣ֪ȡն˶ٱ
ڻĮʱ޼ɻǽ꾳ʹһնͬʱնɱĸ굤ͣһնԹκνж֮⡣
ͫٴһ֪һв޴Ҳ֪һ޼ɵɱﵡ
һ޼ɱ޸ĽҪɱԼĿͳʵֲˡ
Ȼ޼Ŀ꣬ΪҪš
Ҳʹȫʱĺһգҹеĺɫ̫
ĺУ
ٴж໹˯г˯˶ѹ
֮ǰµĺ⻯ΪʵʵѸٸռ䣬ѸٵĴ͸⣬Ҫ޼ɵ塣
Կ֮£û˭ռϷ磬Ȼƽ֡
ĺ컺£޾ϣ磬ĽҶ̹ˣɱҡ
ɱֻһСɱĽУһûʹ
Ժ˲伱תʵ벻޼ɻʲôвȴ޼һý˵ˣ˵Ż֡Ȼ˵УǾһС
ܽסһħ޷նɱ
޼һӣʱΪһСһԾ˷·ͬһ˺֮СţţڰҴܣŭ
ȥȥʱֱһѽ
ѽٴγɵһɲǣɫͻȻòҰס
͡ʮĵʮһһȫǽ⣡
Ľ⣬κνжҪ£
ʱͷųĽ⣬Ϣ
ĩն
ĩն̾ն֮ն
ĩնһоĲǲɣʷصĹȥҲǾɱĽһֲȻʧĸоסþ
ЩþûеĶ
ʬҰսмܣеɽ𺣵Ŀ־塣һ˱ģһ˱һնɱһ˱Ѫ˽ȥһ˰׷ԲԵεȥ
ǻþеÿһҾ磬
֪һǻþֻþȴޱȵʵ·𿴵Լδ
ննȥ
ննڡ
ĩննȴδ
ҵĽ±סȥҲסڣҾնδ
йȥڣȴûδܻͬ
޼ɵӰֳУӽնȥ
еĻþ·һֽɲǼ䱻һնءЩδĻʵ鹹ѲҪˡһն£еδΪޡ
һն£ĩգ
޼ɵⳡսһֱڱûѡΪţڵʵ޼ɵĽȻȴܹ˺Ҫʹʵܽ޼ɱΪ޼ʵˣͬϡ
ԼҪɱʹڤڶɴսСЩ֣Ҳаսʤݡ֪ݲܻɱΪݺ޼ɲһ
ݵҪˡ
ݱѹ񾩴˿ݵ뷨ȴ֪ʵΪ
ݾԲǸѡٲôѡ
޼ɻҲ֪޼һû޼ɵĽʧܡ
û뵽޼ɾȻ˸¸ĽС
ĩնĩսһ㣬޾Ľӿ
·ÿһҪɱĽ
ͻȻԵޱС


495 ħ
м޼ɲ̹Ľˣͬ뷨ڵ䣬ڽһ;޼޵츳Ǿ̫ʱĵһʣڽϵ츳Ҳδʤ޼ɡÿ˶ţֻҪ޼ɲ;زۣкͬһͬĳɳʱ䣬һΪһ͡Ǹʱ򣬽޼ɲĽ޼ɡǸʱĽ˿ɵ
ڣȻǸʱ
ĩնȷѾǳǿһԼٵδãһն£Ҫٵδһնϡûδؽֹһ̣ܸܿܵǽҪɱĽ
еﶼɽҪɱеĸ֪ҲɱĽҪɱȻԵСˡ˭Ϊĵˣ˭ԵСսʤ
ûսʤսʤ޼ɡ
ڡĩնҪʱڶʱһѪɫĺ⡣
ɲǼ䣬еĽʱ̡ھԵǰκνⶼõӡ
ǵʱɢǻһŴ֣޼ɵһץסǾ޴Ұ޵죬һڽ޼˽ȥ
һ̣޼ȫľܣһƬѪɫ֮С
Ӱ
޼ͻȻףѱ˻硣
ףΪʲôôԸԼ꣬һеҪõѪĵΪѪˡһǰС굤ھȻѳɾٶȣֱ޷󡣡޼΢ͷЩԳЦ궼ܳһҳϺʲôûп͸
˵ɱҵġһ£ֲһ˵Ȼľһһĺܲҡ
޼̾˵ЩʲôأѾˡ
Ĭ
޼ƽõõȨƣõ˲Ƹѵܹİã˯ʱ򣬻᲻μү᲻μ᲻μСݣѵڵ壿
˫һӣΧ˵ĽøӺˣƺҪһϵκͶ޷ݳȥ
Ȼѵ¾壿֪Լʵȴ֪нصȴһ˶ʳǡһܸʲôʳǵҪɱ˭ðɣҪɱңɱңѵߵóȥѪƴ󣬵һЩ˷ǳȣһѪĵò˶þͻһµַ͢˵ķʽǴ
Խ˵ԽȻ÷ŭ
޼ɵ۾гһ죬Ϊʲô˵Щ
׳գͻȻܵ޼ɵǰ·ָ˵ʱĸоһ˲٣ӻû
޼Ҳȵ˵׵㣡
ȵֻһַʽ׳գ
ԣ޼ͻȻȻĿ⿴۾ٴгһ죬ѵ
ŭֻ֪ηһѽȥ˲¸ң޴ȻҳϣҲֻҡһ㴦׷ɱŰյӣۡһ꣬Ұħÿ۾ΪħɱˣɱĶˣԼԼ˭ѵҲۣ
ƾʲô㣿
˵ҪţҸղ˵ô࣬޷㡣
еĻ桰͡ȼţһ೯޼ȥ½ǡ
޼ɴûг
֪϶ң֪޵ĲУҡܸҳүֵԼΪеǸĿꣿѵҪȫ綼֪µһħĺˣ
޼Ȼԭأûг
ڲ
޼ᡣ
ĻҺСݵĴ磿ҴûᣬȴΣֲҪˣʲôޣĲ
޼ͻȻ˹ȥһѽס
ֵܡ
Ҳرס޼ɣܿɿܸһϵʹõ̫ã˻ɡ
˵ţһŻ굤ݸ޼ɣ굤Ҵ򿪽ԱȻܡ
޼ʵ˵һֱڿǣ
ϻȻýʲô
޼һҲǡѪǿȴܴ񾩳һ·Ϊ֮ûʳǵİȫΪѪۣҲᰲһЩԼ֡ô޼ʳǣҲ϶֪ġҲѡ˷У˵һ⣬Ҫ޼ɷЩʲô
޼ɵ굤Ա˵񾳣ˣ϶ˡ
һûغȵƨǲˣܵõ̫ˣ
˵Ҳǡ޼ɽӹ굤
޼ɽӹ굤˽硣
ҹ֮УѲֻˣԺȫѪˡ
ÿѪ˶ִһɺɫĳңĶ޼ɡ
޼ɵϿգȫѪɫµӰ
ľԭǶĹˡ
֪ʱ޼ɾб굤֣Ҳǲӡ
޼Ҳһ㡣
ɲ֮䣬Ͷȥһ
ܵжʱΪ֡
޼Ĭʮ㣬ζʲô˵ɱңɱң
ż
еİͻȻһ£ʱ֧ɫ޼ɷ˹ȥЩͨļһƬѪעɣеľɣ֮
ǱЩģͻɢ޼ɵ֣Ҫȥʲô¡
ȻЩȴ׷ײ塣
ʱٴγͶǸ
ͷڼһƿ񱩵ŭץס޼ɵĲӡ
޼ɻһ˿ΪƣζĿһۡ
˼ǲýƴѪС
ֱȼ棬Щ˳ֱ޼ӹȥ
һ̣޼ɾебһˡ
һĻĹͰ΢΢һ㶣˻һۡƺǲû뵽Ȼ֮ݡԭǹҲеķԸе޼²˺֣ɱ޼ɡȴû뵽ֱ˭Ҫݡ
磬ҵЩ治Ƿ˻棬ҲûʹѪѪ겻ᱻѪĳߣܹɥȪȻ˼Ѳ㣬Ҿȥڤ硣ڤֵطɣ
ʹȻӴƣ˲佫޼ɵճɻҽ
һ̣κʱޡ
ʼûᡣ
ĹͰϿտţҲԶԶؿţᣡ
еʱᲢһģᲢһ顣
ȴڵѪֺ޼Ļ棬ȴû뵽Ľ֡Լһֻ֣ɱԼֵܡ
һǰ߱
һ߱֡
Ѫ۶ѪζݣΪаĶħ


496 ֮
ͥԺкȻþȻ䣬粻ٹΣҲͣˣߵǣתصǰ£٣һ
ѪսʿչĹͰ£ߵߣȴûж˵ʲôֻؿ
ǲǾҺ飿У
ĹͰһֻۣ㡣㻹ᣬЩʱ¡
ʵأ
ĹͰԡ
۾ĵ࣬ͬʱ˵飬ǶԼ顣նͷΪѪҵѺʳǽκζҲˣҶҪɱǡ
ɫЩѿͶеʱǼΪмġֻǿе׸磬Ϊ̫ᣬʵҲǿһֱûϡһֳɱѪ飬硣
һΪ٣Ѫĸÿ˶ֻעһֻעĶٲͬõѪĵһٳɾ񾳣ֻ˶̶һʱͳɾٶ൱ֲĿҲõ˸̶ȵ֡
أѪûһٸ
죬ɱ޼ɣճɻҽĹЩļ¡
˵Цˣ㲻أǶһѪ۱ҳϵˣǶһġ
һЦǲһ
˫ַס棬̧ͷȥҳΪѪҾûˣûֵܣҳϡҪģֻ˭ֹҵõҾҪ˭
ܵĿ⣬㱾ܵĺһ
ʱѪսʿֿһź۵һȺŮ̫Ĵӵ߽Ժӡ
ˣ˶££
һǰеԵЩģͷǸѪ˵ͼΣ·ʱпܵγѪһ󵽿ŵӣȴһ޴ķ˺;ŰپʮֻСˡ
Ȼ˻ʵۣԾӡѪ壬ĳ͢ѪΪ
Ц⣬ʾȻȥ˵úܺá
һ£ֵһûá
˵ʾ⡣
˵ΪʲôȰ˵볯͢
˵Ϊ֪ǲܵ顣Ҷ˽⣬Щ鲻ҪԡɱǶķʽ
е˵ͷ̾Ϣֻǿϧ˽Уһ𱻻ˡ
΢ͷһǰ˵ΨһܴݻٳѪĵķʽǾŴϡ޼Ҳѱ٣Ŵֻͬʣ˰˸Ľɽʲôܹ
ԣе˫Ȼһԭǵģȫ޶ûôԶԳ͢ҳϣ
˵ֿӵͷ­ԸղҾ˵ˣҳûСҪһ͢Ķݻ٣ΪҲϣ˭ֹҵõ
е˵ϰߣĹͰѾϰߡеʵ죬ȨܼĸһѪ½ˣľηҲԽԽأ˵ǷǳСΨķֱֱȥ
ܺãƫƫж˵ʽã޵͢ҪˡĿģܳɾһ£
ԱϣгĹͰȥѪƽƽû֮סڣǶ֮סǿ飿
ĹͰһۣȻ˵û飡
ܺãЦųȥһıַǳٹЩʱգȳѪĸ׳ҽĺô
ڸĺôϣм
ֻĹҲһΪǶ֪ĺôʲô
Ȼû˵֪ôǡѪ񹦡
Ѫ񹦡еԴҪߴﵽ񾳣һҪӵǰ;ģ϶޷񡣵ע˳Ѫĵɾб㺬гѪѪѪ񹦡
ĿǰΪֹÿһһľ񣬵ȴûеõеġѪ񹦡Ҳ԰ѡѪ񹦡˶ǵĽ
еϥ£֣ص˵㾡ȫΪѪıȡ
ĹͰҲ򵹣һ
šصͷ΢΢ӣɣ޸ǽһѡ
ڰУ߳һɫӰ
Ӱ߽ĹͰʱһ㶣Ϊ˵òļΪƣ
˿ȥʮ꣬һֵĺɫסһƬƬɣ´ֱ£ȥһѰѺɫС壬ѺЩһ𡣻߻仰˵ЩоǴﳤġ
һ֣ͥԺоһɵ
·һѵ
һ˫۾ضġ


497 
û΢Ц˵ӭһֵܼǣǵĴ簡
ҡľˣҲһɱ⣬ȴ񣬵󵽣֮ϣҶŲϺšˣ㵹û뵽
ǵЦ⣬ʵû뵽ʲô
ĵݲϧϱѾ͹ҲҪ޼뿪Ƿ嵹˸жȴû뵽Ȼ޼ɻɱ𣿡
ߣһûлش
ģݲġ˵ѾѼݵ½ˡݣԺȫȨһᾡŬģҲȴһ鷳
Ŀġ
˿Ŀ⣬ҲĿ
ѪʮȨ֮Ѳ٣еģܰݳ޲ϧڻʳ֮жཨһ
ıȭ¾ñʧ
еҵǹؼһ˶ٻеϢʥȴѶǺпһصļ
Цбĺ⣬ڻĮЩУҵСһֱҪ˶ãҾҵġ
ܺã˾ãϣ㲻Ҫʧ
ǣ
ת˰֣ǾɣҪҲãǺȾҲգ޶ˣҪϢˡ
ĿƵĿ⣬Ȼ˳ȥͬһ̡
ȭͷ󣬷ֻü졣
˶ȥ޼ɱĵطվһҹ
ҹδ룬ʳϿյѪԽԽŨ


ȥˣɽ֮Ҳ˴ꡣ
ݵı֤ͷľѺׯľģȻܵģÿҹﶼ˯ȣСŴڵĶһȺ˳ҹɫɱ
ȥɽկȻû·Ǳⳡסһ㡣
ʱɽկ˻ûһ˵Ϣȴ˴ӣͬһڴׯȻ󲨡
һ
໭еˣɽǶİȴɻǾ衣
ΪһһŮΪеŮӦɶ
ɳ͢ɽΧĴׯɴׯ˵ݽģµֽ˻е˵ݣҴɽ壬ɽз˻е˱Ҫϱ٣͢͡볯͢ĻܻͣóѪĵΪѪһԱҾû˱ٵĻѪҲ˽ɽÿһׯѰҵ˻еˣѲǵĴׯͽӭ֮֡
ݻɽеɵӣǰѻݵĶϸգҲֻݺͻеƣͻе뵽һȥ
ڵѲ֮ǰʶǸɵˣǰֳ̫ھˡ
ǴҪģҪʹЩͬʱֳȡڸǣݶȻһͨˡ
ʱûеһգף⻭еŮݺӦɶ졣Ϊ͢׷ɱԲɽѵġǶЩϷ绯ֱǣǵжһǶԵġ
ɽԷۼǰĿյϣĬĬص
ȵƻ裬һֱû֣Ǳһֱڵȡ
ĺɫٵʱݺӦɶ˳
ʱͻȻ֣ݵѾ߰ף㲣·ࡣ
Բ𡣡ݿڱǸ˵ΪһЩţûмʱǵôá
û˵ȴ˵ȥ
˵ûҾǻеˣҽݡ
ʱȺжʱˡ
ţȻˣ
ҵ谡ҾȻڴһ꣡
ǿϸ㣬ˣɽסһ꣡

Ⱥ鼤ĴǣӦɶЩܾ˷ܴڵǣûΪǻӴƵġ
ݵ˸У鿴ȥӦɶ֪ʲôǰ߳һԴǾϹһǲݣʵǲ鷳Բסˣ
ĻûûУȺжʱ
ݵ˷֮Уǵ˿ʼ˵ô죿͢ҪǼ˺ͱ١СݺСǴӵһԱҵȻȥ١ǱˣȫҪ꣡
ǰǸֵ⡣ô
˭⣿

˶ʱ
ʱƴһȺ߳泯ǣҪҼԱ٣˭Ҫ٣˭ǹģ֮ˣ


498 ͷ
ͷҲվûСݺСȻǸ߸ϵˣɽһ꣬ҲɽˣôܰƳȥ
ƴһֵ˵ɽɽ͢˵ҪɽҲѡͷʱ䳤жû͢Ĺٱˣ
ͷ룬ǰ̫ݱͳʵۼλʱ͢ٱ
ⶼˣƴһȭͷҶֳĬû⣿
Ⱥгһᣬ˷ǲʶʲôݺӦɶ죡ֻ֪СݺС죡
ԶԶԣʲôˣ֪
Ҿһɽ񣬲֪ɶ⡣

Ŵǵı̬ݺӦɶ춼ʮָж
ѹѹ˵
˰
һ۳͢ˣҶȥˡ죬ҾͺС뿪ģ뿪֮ǰһǵ鷳
СݣС죬ҪˣǶʱżʵ
صͷ֣ص˵滹кܶ飬ȥֻӱʵӱܲʲô
ǻ˵ʲôʱֹסǣ˵һǶҺС춼ܺãһԶסǡôһ죬̫ƽˣһСһ𡣡
ͷ˵ģ
ȭͷ˵һԡ
ͷӳȭͷ׷
ʱӴȺб˳ȵСݣƭôãѵôˣ
ƺûӿЦӵ֣صʵӣˣΪһͣ
Ȼ˵ҵ룡
ݵͷָȳʳָָӵĶͷһĨʱһŹâӵС
ֱֻһǶǸһ֣úΪкܴһ;пվԼĸҪܰģҲôˡǹˣаħ
Ӷʱޱ˷ܣ۾ȥ̽ʶĻ
ݵ˰ɣ
ӴӾûеΣץסݵ֣Сݣ֪һ˳ȥһȥ¡ֻһ㣡һҪ
ݵ˵
Ż
߳ݵڣ¶һ˿Цݣչ˫ۺӽһ
ƴһͷһۣҲ߹ӵڻ
ƴ磬ллĹ֪һѺùһᷢӳļֵ
ͷɽػǰǣǣԺҲǡ
Ϧ£ɽдּ乴ճһ޹ɫΡ
ʹ˸ݻصԼڷ͵Ŀϲڵ
ӦɶûдҲûΪ֪ݴʱԲ¡
ֻǰ


ֵܣΪʲôҪɱأ
磬ɱүѾǲˣΪʲôҲŹأ
֪˭˭˳ۣϲ죬ϲȽϣǲΪʲôҪأ
ǲܲƢ꣬ʧִɱ˴磿
ɴϢΪʲô˵Ѵˣ磬𣿡
һģ㲻ˣ

ǰӦɶޱܣ̲ס˹ȥݱԼĻ޼ɱɱϢԭشһ졣޵ͷҲð߰ףɲǼ·˶ʮꡣ
Ӧɶ֪޼ɵ˵Ǿ޴Ĵܴǣ޼ɾϡǽֵܣ磬޼磬Ҫǣȴֵܡڣɱ޼ɣͨ
ݽͷӦɶĻݺᡣ
ȥ˯𣿡Ӧɶ˵һ䣬ݻطϡ
û˯ϣǺӵ˯
ҹû˶˯ˡ
ʱĵһ
۾ǰ
ʱʧɫ
Ӧɶ쾪ȵ²࣬ʱ˿ֳ̣ǰδе𾪣·𿴵һ޷Ļ档
ݵıӰ죬ʱ˳
ǰݣݣΪ׼ȷظܵݵϢӰӰϵͷɢţͷ˿
ݾȻһҹ֮ͷ
һҹͷ
ӦɶĵĴӴߵǰСĿݵ
ͷˣҲȫѣһҹ֮һų쵽µ
Сݣ㡭Ӧɶ쾪㵵˵
ȴ̧ͷƺʹнѳһӦɶ΢΢һЦ˼Ҹһ˯£μ˴ǻĻ棬ξѣʵ˯š
ҾҵЩõĻ棬ҪĻԺҲ֪һǳѰ顣ţԼĿˣҲǸղųȥϴ˰ŷͷˡ
˵赭дӦɶܸܵõжôʹࡣԽ˵ôƵᣬӦɶԽġ
С죬ѹÿ˶׳ңԵÿһˡֵ𾴣ԶΪ٣Ϊ
Ӧɶ췢֣ʼնûᵽֻ˵޼ɵ顣
վƿһĵһʵӭ˵ɽбһ꣬ǱУʼûܹɾ񣬽뻯񾳡ҹ˼ȣһҹͷȴͻȻͻˡڣѽ񾳡⡭Ҳҵһ̳ɾ񣬾ʾңǸɽˡ
κھʱӦøеϲãʱ˿̣ݺӦɶȴûһ˿ϲõ
Ӧɶ֪ѡԸһӶɾͲҲϣ޼ɻȥ
Ūˣ˵İš
תӦɶȥ˵С죬߰ɡ
򵥵򵥵ȴӦɶСͻȻоݵһһһһжǰ˾޴ı仯ֱ仯ڵģǴӹ﷢ġ·һҹ֮䣬˺ܶࡣʱҲûһ㺢ӵӰӡ
СݣΪ𽥳һô
ףǿһֱԵĴҲ޷ΪꡣҪúõػţԼɳΪһôܹΪĴ
˻ǿݻ


499 󵱼ҵ
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ɽկһɽŷɥ֣ɽկ
կɽ٣ɽкƽ١
ʱǺҹɽկȴޱ֣һֿʹֱɵĻ˷õƤǽҲһŶƤë˵ţԵ÷ǳҰ
ʱжʮˣֳΧмĳһ̳̳ˮͲȣʳΪⶼɽկľӢԱͼλˡʱҲֻǲʸȾƳ⣬һЩСආկѲߡ
ɽկɽжκ˶ηǵʵֻб˶ǶͲ˭ȥǵ鷳ɽڱȽϻߵĵضΣǰʱûйٸڵѪǶﲻŲʡͨ˵ôʵûϢҲɽѰĿꡣνѲߣ޷Ǿǵҵİһų˳һҰ޵Ϯˡ
˵̫ùˣȱһȾƵһЩζ
ǰľû˵ϧȾȥˣ
ߣûⳡ꣬ʹȥɽǴӸƽˣ屨ѩޣ
嶼ԵǸһ˶ûܻ˵Ǹȷи֡ͷʲôˮƽǶ֪ġɱˣ϶ˣģȥˣҲδػ˵Ķ֡
һģĺ룬˼Ķĵ˵ɽկңڵĴ󵱼û֮ǰǶңΪЩսթĹӱǵıԣɽկﶼΪʦɽկĵλǳߡ
ĵץһֻ֪ʲôȿУλĴ󵱼ҿһۣǲУҵĹֻôһ㡣ʲôֻ֣Ҫ󵱼ȥˣܰ£
΢΢һЦԵ˵Ȼ
λϵĴ󵱼ǶʱճһĨЦ⡣
𹦷򣬼λұҶҪǿˣֶΣλȴϲҡˣֶ֮УҲĵҵƨĵ̫֮Ե̫ԡҽǾ䡰Ȼȴ˵ǡôνӵˮһ㣬ȥ;Ƿ˵ڴ󵱼仰Ҳ̲סһЦ
һĺӣϵҲ࣬ǰΪ󵱼ʱɵʣڵĴ󵱼ԣ˫ǰѹѹʵ󵱼ңһû꣬ɽ·ɵĲˣʲôʱȥɽΪ屨𣿡
ѳΪ죬󵱼ҵĴȴЩԵø롣һ£Ϳȥʮֳ꣬ŸоһҪһ棬Ǿû˻֪ˣҲожǿƫƫһֻɽկûзʲô¾˵ȭͷӲ⣬ɵɽկһѽΡӼλҵ̸Ͷ̬Ҳû˭·󵱼Ȼġ
󵱼ҵȴԵñȽϴкַܶʽǲһҪȥǸƴӡ
󵱼кƣתתæʵıǿҲΣ󵱼ԼˣȻǳġ
̸ֻ˳ˮ۰ˡ󵱼赭д˵͢ǽһЩͨķɽǾ͢ٱ˵ɽ忴˿ɵˡ͢Ȼҵɽȥ˵͢ѪˣһǷǳ׶ѲĽɫǱǼֱȥɽ壬Դ˵ѣЩǿ̬Ȳãٶļ죬˵ûпܴҪɽ廹пܴڣ
󵱼ҺȾƺλҲͬǼλǱ̳ͺȣȴǽ̳ľƵУдҲʧ˹ġһڣһЦ˵ңҲ˸ۡ룬ɽկݺɽô꣬һƹǣһɱˣɱһʣ˵ʲô˵ɽȷиˣȻǸˣΪʲôĴһСɽ
Ϊ˶ծĵҶʱ˵룬ֵǶܳң
󵱼ҵͷ֮Ϊ˶磬ΪѾݲôûһֿܣͨ͢ľɽ
󵱼зŹ⣬˵ǾǾٱйǾͿݹͼ볯͢ΪѪһԱҪ볯͢ףҪΪѪһԱ̫ˣһ͵Ļᡣ෴Ǹ˲ǳ͢ҪˣҲûʲôʧ


500 ׷ħ
ߣʵǸߣ󵱼һҾͼվǻһܣ󵱼Ҵ˼ƺֹ˳ˮֱۣıԶǣ赶ɱˣһʯ񰡣˵ţҳλһݣֿ˵󵱼ҵģûʱһԻԣһȽϣǾŻŶˡ
˵ţҾ̳һһӹǣĴ󵱼ңԺһܹɻڴһ𾴴󵱼ң
ԶԣǾ󵱼ң
󵱼΢Цž룬һȴڲмЦԼŶ࣬ȥĻԿԣǽԣǾһȺֻ֪˵İ׳աܵʵɽկﲻҲʮˣôɵˣɽǸ־Բ򵥣Щɵӣʲôĸ֡һȺܹȥû׼ͳͳһҪǵЩͳͳˣ
룬ϻװúϲĽ˵ķУ󵱼ҽһ
ĵ˵󵱼ңȥ١
󵱼Ұڰ֣˵ˣѾԸȥˣӦѾϢٸˡκһͱҪУȻҹζˡ
ĵҶʱĽ̳Ϻݺһ٣Ȼ̳Ӹˣ󵱼Ӣ
ĵʰ̳Ƭģ󵱼ǸôʶôһȺɵƣһȾƣ
Ƿİɣܵĳһᱨġ
󵱼վ˵һ䣬ֵǽźȣȥϢˡ
ϣ
ʱһ˹󵱼ҵô˯Ȱ㻹ǲҪ˯ˣúϧŵʱ⡣Ϊ˯ȥѲˡ
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飡
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˳ȥһ֧䴩ĺ˶ڵϡ
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飡
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Ⱥ޶ӲĶÿжɣôЩеˣеĿҲ֪˭ȻˣΪʲôҪ˭
飡顪
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תۼ䣬һ˵ء
죡ڻҿţҵ˾һžȻӵ£죡
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Ϊӳģһɢų׷ӰӰһǰɱʮֵܣ׾ٵɱǵĶҡ
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ֵǣҪ£˼ⲫͲһϣΪұ𣡡
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飡
һõķʱƷɣҲķѡﻹɽկĴãֱһƬ档
ĵΪ׳ݵͳͳûˡ
ߣɱǣǸøе١
˺ݳĴ󵱼ȥ
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ݵ˵ȻЩ˿ԱġǽһƷӳȫɽկûˡ֪ҵʵˣûбҪҳ𣿡
󵱼ʵʲô˼
˵Ǻɽկģ񲻶ࡣǰҲһˣɽկĶûйϵôҿԸһЩŴ˵ء
ԣ󵱼ҺȻЦЦԽԽ󣬵ȻǴЦ·ЦЦ
һδ㻹ǿݣ


501 
ɽĺҹܰΪܰһǹɽҹҲԵüΪɽկõķѱƷɣǹ£ݵһ˿ϣ·Щ˿ҫİ׷
δɱʮˣɱʮˣɢŰ׷ĳʽħԣ˿еİ׷ħһ㡣ʱ˿̣ͷÿһ˿ÿһ·͸һԵüΪͨ͸ֱʥൽ˼£ʥĸоһħ
ʥħĸо˾ǶôǿЩѾȥûһĻȻҲٳ֡
ݽߣվǰĴ󵱼ȴ¡
෴Щ˷ܡ
ڴ󵱼ϳԼݲ֡ϾĻѾɽһͷףòȴûб䡣ֻҪԼעϳ
ֻǴ󵱼ϳԼ˷ܸоܲ⡣
עɱѪʱҽƾһΪһ·ϲ֪ж£ңҶûдӦȴߵɽ֮Уĺˣָҵ㣡
΢ͷɽկ󵱼ң˺Լʶ
Ҳʶ㣬ûзʲôҼȲĳˣֲʧɢֵܣҲǣƵˣѰҶĵΪôĶӡȻˣʵ벻˵עʲô˼
ԣǲʶңȴʶ㣡
󵱼˵һ䣬Ȼŭݣŵѵ˻Į𣿡
룬û
󵱼ŭǰڻĮɵǽͬУȻϪڽǡǺľ֧ӵĸ硣Ȼ󣬶ڳ˵ûȻˡ
ˡڻĮʱȷһ飬ΪɱϪӣһһŮһͽгΪϪڣɱǵĵӻʲô鷳ɱǺ޼ɻһ˵Ҫһе󵱼һѣݶʱ뵽һЩϸڡ
˵ˣôһˡһǵãѾˡʲôϵ
ʲôϵ󵱼һЦ˵ҽгϪڵʱǹе洫ӡ
˫΢΢˵ԭѰġ
󵱼ҳûɱĳҵĵܵܡ
Գ˵û뵽һû߳ɽɱˡ
ֻҪ¶۹ã᳢
Լ˵ĺܰסҪɱ˸ͲҪɡ˵ЩԵɣҺܵθڡ
θڣЦѪѰһ꣬ȴû뵽ɽ֮СɽһҰˣҲӦõθˡͷôȫˡѵҲӳ͢ﴫϢŭȴΪͷˣ
ݵ˵˵ʲô
ߡ¶ЦС˼߱˵֪ݣֵܣһ׸硣һ޼ɣĴ磬˴ճ߳Ϊճǻǣǵĸǳ񡣡
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ʧȥֵܵĸоܰɣȻͣʧȥһܵܡ㿴ȥҸҲɱȻţ˵Ѿ˰ɣ޼Ҳˣһ׸֡
֣Ҫ˵ˣ
ͻȻ̧ͷһͬŭİ׷һ̧ͷȫƮͬһȭͷͻȻչָҪץȥ
ʱ˿̣ÿһͷ˿̺һǿĻ
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ⷬѳ״ݵĵߣ޵ɱ⡣Գĳûκαҷǳֱӽͨ˿
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˵Ϫ洫ӣܵеԴɲϣһ񾳵ģ㡭ߣȻˣһδĴˡŴˣǿѩ˧ˣ˳ѳ򣬶ǿߡ㣬Ӧɶ죬壬޼ɣδСΪҲ֪
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ڻУû˭֪Ŵ˵顣ٵȵļ꣬пеİʵܹͻͽʱҲĶ֡ڣȴΪܱܵʱ
һҡҡͷ̾˵ǿղżŭңһ˵һЩڣҪϾ
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˵һ䣬Ȼͳһƿӣæƿǳ
һ̣һɼƿƮɢƿӵʱһҺ塣
̯֣סҺ塣

ҺڳڣȻɢ˰ٱӳȫ
Ϊ洫ӣܹܵϪġȴҲܵϪȪм͵ĵӲܵõĽ֪ϪûȴϪȪҼϪǱϪȪȥġ³Ϊ洫ӣҲһֱûлϪȪĻᡣģ
ϵˮݣҷѾ˼ϪȪ͵ȡΡϪʱһֱã±ϪʹһΣȴһΣΪڹؼʱó
ǵϪȪѳڳлڳĽ£ԼԼһСϪ
һˮһϪ
ϪȪͬСɡúܹԼΪ̱ԪˣΪܾĸ졣ڼϣܹһʱǱ굤ȪҾͷų񾳵
ݣ񾳵޷ģˣ
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502 
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һľмƬ֮Уһֻֻ֡ץסһԼʵķһֻȻһԴ
Դǳ֣͵͵ڼսеݺͳһۺ󣬱СӴԭŵķ˳ȥ
ȻڳҾһùӵԵĴȻܳ˹ӣԴǺʹġȻûнݺͳĻ̫Ҳ֪֮ĶԹʵԼȫɴġһֱڷ棬ȵսҵʱѡܡ
ۿԽԽԶҼӿ˲߱˿ȫˡʱҲΪԼͷ鷺˴󵱼⣬ɽկ˶ˣΨһһ˻šʲôãؼʱ̻ǵÿԴ
ҵ
ûеãΪһɫӰڴס
һΪǰ׷ħݸϹסԼϸһסԼľȻһС
԰ϸСȥʱ̲סһڿˮ
СòͲ˵ˣֱһӼɰġؼǣСһֱ޷ءȻҲС޷Ĵ󣬱ϾɽҰ֮أһЩֵũǰһҲǼΪ˵ġؼСغı
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ܱң
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Щ׹ǻʵʣӦɶͷ档
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ΪĵˣԶǿ󡣡
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˷ǵϪȪǵοϪȪһ˿˰ɣ
ݷһ̾Ϣӷ˳ȥ
ϴϪȪȥɱС壬Դ֮£ϪȪǻˣΪ˴Ѫ˽ȥӼʥﶼ͵ܺ͵ֵ˱Ͼࡣ
һĻˡ
ݲ룬ҵĸڤڶɴģ
ǲҲĻ˰ɣ
ġǺҵʹһúõػţǾҶȥ
ĬĬȻߵӦɶߣǣСǰȥ
СݣɱˡһݣӦɶ˵
Բ𡣡ݽӦɶ֡
ӦɶҡҡͷҪ˵ԲһӶҪ˵ԲΪκҶԸ⣬ҪɱˣҲҪѧɱˣֻҲŲΪۣܰ㡣
΢΢һЦټ˵⣬Ӧɶ챧סһǰߣ쵰ѾˣɽΣգٵΣգࡣС죬ǰ·೤ѣֻҪǽǣֿ֣κѶԽ
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һȫźɫ׵Ѫսʿɽּ߹
֧ʮ˺ʮƥɡÿ˶ѪˣÿƥǳѪѪʵѪԱʵҲǻ굤͵ĳѪҲл꾳սһ֧飬Ҫȥƽһеƫϵɣֱ¡
ǽɽΪǵõ鱨ɽһɽĵطˡ
пѰһ꣬ΪΪҪ顣ܰץȥǾĹ͡ѪĿǰһ֮£ʮʮɷһ˻ʮģʮɷһ˻вٿն񣬲˵лʮټһǰԼӻѪɷҲ
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Լ޿ǰ;ɻ̵ġ
ˣһҪˡˣʲô˳һ·ֱϡǸˣǾͱһӶ
ɻ
㿴Լɽһ죬Ļֻͳȥյ˴ɽ洫Ϣ˵ɽ巢˿ɵˣǻеˡ
ѪۿѰһ֪꣬ǲ˶پǿͻ͸֡ԼŽӵ£˵Ϣ
ⲻǺ˵ʲô
ɻͻȻãҪΪѪѪɷ㲻ʲô֮λԼҲϣġ
ʮƥѪǰߣʮѪں沽УĿɽ
ɽɽ·᫣ɽկȥӵʱҲǲСѪͬͨһЩߵĵΣʩչŽѡɽǽƽء
һ֧飬ɽеж١
һ·֮ˣκ鶼ҿ
ֻҸ߷ɣҶ»ҰԶԶضڰʮѪ˾ۼһͷųѪκаǱͺаħаһҰ޸ͲҿǡҰǵǾһŹȼյĻ棬ǿͻᱻճɻҽ
ͻȻתȻû꣬ɽб·һɫɴ¡
һƬԿտĵضΣɻͻȻͣ
ǰһͷǰ棬ǣͷ֪ڸЩʲô
ɻüǸˡɽй˲֣ͷ˻ܵҲϡ档
˳ɻϣһڳѪϵѪ˴ȵǰʲôˣ
ͷûᣬȻʶֱ۲֪ʲô
˵أٲÿײ㣡
ͷһֻ֣һ֧ʣȵȣ֣дͺá
д֣дʲô֣
Ѫ˳Űͷ˵ĻʵɻȴɫȴΪע⵽ͷ˵ᣬһ㶼ϡ
սľæ֣˵
ǵͷģȻҪһЩͷת
ʱǲſͷ˵òϣ󣬻һŮڸĥī
ɻ˫һʥӦɶ죡㡭ϸȥݣôˣ
ݿЦӦɶ˵ʲôʱôˣ
ӦɶҲЦʲô¡
ɻǿЦѪۿѰһ꣬׽ΪѪڲ߶˵񡣱˵ֻҪѪԱһսѪûõСսʿǼ˵ģǵñԼ軹
鱨ģǵȫѹ򡣡ɻЦ˵
ҡҡͷ˵äĿŵˡ
ӦɶеֽƬʵд𣿡
һ֡
ˡ
û¡ţñдɡ
Ѫ˸ûŪݺӦɶ쾿ڸʲôʱֽƬз˳һֽ̣Ƭ΢΢Ĺ⡣ֽƬѪ˽µĿյҲųĹâ
һĻվų˷ܵĹ⣬ŬŬȭͷЦˣ
Ӧɶ̾š
ɻ󺰵㵽׸ʲô
Цûʲôֻд˼ֶѡ
⻰װƣȷʵʵΪȷֻд˼֡
⼸ֲֻ֣Ǽֵ˼




504 ħΪ飬ա
Ӧɶ˵ţǷĵΪļݸͲʲôڶԻֻİڴ֮ǰҲûиԼᡣֻ˵볢ԡ
ѧɺ飬Ǵⲻĳԡĳԡ
Եֻ̣Ƴ񾩴ʱһ
ɽġУݸܵ˺ܶණⶼǱ˲֪£һֱĵסЩǻؼǻһЩ֪ʶȫֻɽдʱһЩ⾳
ɽĻ˵ֻ鷨Ҳܸܵ⾳
֮ѡûΪĵӲǺ㡣ϾѪʵ̫ǿһֻ֧ʮˣ֧Ҳʮ굤γɵʮ굤ﶼһɲС
ݲûţԼӮɵİ취սʤ־òˡϾҪʱʱ̶̿ʵ;򲻵ѣҪͶƴȻʲôȥӦԽսǰ·գҪĲһսʤκʱҪӴǡ
Բ
İдֶ˵ȴϤ
дѰɽ⾳Ĳʽ⾳Ժڱʼ䡣֪֮䣬кܶϢʶڶ
һγԣȻͳɹˡ
Ӧɶܾ֮ȣ֪񾩴֮󣬹¥ɽں˵ĻͲʲôˡΪɽԼΪʺӰ˵ˡҵʱ񾩴ûκξɥеֻ˷ܡ
Ұ񾩴۽Ϊ֪䵽񾩴ҲᱻơΪ롣ҪƳ룬ضҪܹд⾳֣һҪڻ൱츳Եˡһ㣬ݶˡʱ;ϴԼѰһҵʵĴˡ
ֻǿϧʱҴɽעɲԸţǰݵ涼ûмȴסڲ񾩴ʱ⾳ڣ⾳Լһڤڤ֮ƺĴС
ɽȪ֪ҲοһЩˡ
ɻȴ֪ЩֻǸܵµĴغֽƬ˺ӦҵսȻ㿴ֽƬϷֱдĸ֡
ÿֽƬдһ֡
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һֽ̣ƬŲͬʹѪ˷һֵĽ
ľֽƬһ̹⣬Χľ·һ㣬һӵסѪ˵ȺͳѪ㡣һЩ֦üӲޱȣ·һѪ˷׷״ȥԭҶʱǱ˼Ӳķɵ
ˮֽƬΪһˮȻˮͻȻŰٱӿսȫȫסڵסѪ˵ߡˣЩˮ˵Ķǿףë룬סĸо
ֽƬأʱѪ˽µĴѿһѪսʿȥŻֽƬȼճɻҽѿĵص³һ겻Ļ棬ǴӵصܳĶħҪǶɵ
ͻһ˷ʤɻæʹȻסԼ˵
ʵǿ³ѪҲҪȶĳѪ߼һʹֶΣȷԼް취ѡ
ߣСҲסңݣʵǰһţҵԼˡԼʵУû͵Ϯңֱǳ룡
˲ԼɻˮڵסߣܸܵõϢаա
ˮ˵ȻҲ֪󷨣ѵûʲôڲΪһһûдꡣ
Աϣݵıһ٣һԾȻֽϡ
ֽƬ˳ȥţӸռóʮɱ
ʮ䣡
ʹֽƬ󷨵ͬʱݾȻʹʮ䣬ʮںһ𣬽ֽƬӵ¡
ʮͷͬСɣºͽֽƬһںϣǴﵽ˼¡
һӦɶ쾪޲ѵ˼롣
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䡪
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ѪսʿͳѪµʬ״죬ǱĽɱս֮ϣֻʣ³ɻ˫ֳž޽ϥڵϣԼվ
ʼգݶед֡
Ӧɶ죬ƺеĥī
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ʵΪΣ
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ݺȻЦ˵ôץңѵҵ𣿼ȻⲻΪʲôҪ㵥
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ҡͷעųɻǵͷд
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˵ɾ˱굤ȷıĵزҹȥͷ̫ˣֻǱ̫ǿˡ˶³ɳһ䣬ȴм֪ճǵѩҹɱ֣
ɻɱģʮҶҪȫ
ԣɻɫŭŨǺѲս㵱Ȼ˵ЩĻ
ݱһͣеֽɻ⼸֣ʵΪдġ
һͻȻϯֽɻȥɻֻǳֽһۣûֽϵ֣ʱ͸еһǿѹƽ
˫۶ʱֱˣ񾳣
˵𣿡
ɻ
ֽĽ£ʱſ֡
ɻֽȫţ޽䣬˫ȹͻȻ¶Ȼ顣
Ҳվ߽˼˵Ѫȣ̫򵫲ˡҲɱ㣬Լ˶ϵĻɡ
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֪ݸмϵġɱڤ磬ΪڤĹǱѪĳȡֻǱкͼλĻͶûˡ
ɻı۾֮ǰζɲǼ𡣴һСﵽǰһĻԻͣͬǰһšڿֽ򣬶ЩҲѾںˣ۽ʲôôѤù
һ̣ͻȻ͵۾Ȼ󳯾޽ȥ
꣡
ѪĽֽϡ
߹ȥֽֽ֣ȼ
ʮ֣ڻнΪޡ
ħΪ飬ա


505 ԾͰ
ƻ轫ԭԵøˡ
ݽջظռ䣬ȥĳɻһۣȻĬȻա
һͷ˿·į̾
С죬ӴԺǻᾭˡ
Ӧɶƽصͷ֪˵£ɱˡ
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Ȼѡ˺ȥͱҪĨȥֲϲ²ܽϲϲҲҪӦ
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кܶ飬ǲϲͲȥġ
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һᣬ˵ճǡ
ӦɶĬ
ݳӦɶ쿴һۣʵ㲻ң
Ӧɶ˵롣
㲻ȥ뿴ļˣ
ȥ֪ճԶ
ԶҲȥֻ˼ܰĵ¡
ҲԡӦɶ̾ɽΪ˻ؼ𣿡
ǰС߼죬˵û뵽ؼҶһѵ¡
סӦɶ죬˵ѾˣҲ굤ˣϰ˵ѪС黹ǲʲôΣյġСЩߣǣܻصȥġ
ѾˡӦɶԳЦ
˵ǵֵȷѾ½֪ϤǳģȴҲֻѪˡȻˣйܶȻ˵˽ȴǺִܵѪġʲôͻ״ӦûǻõһЩɽǶָһİɡ
ҲáӦɶ룬˵Ժͽҵ
һȤ
а
޵ǿɰ֡
ӦɶʵأԺʲô
˽£㵱ȻǿԽСݡ棬ҾͽԾͭΪ¹ڣԹΪ֪˥ΪʧԼΪʱʡң;ݺܿĻشӦɶ죬ȻԺѾ˺ܾá
ӦɶЩȣʵնˣ
ڵա¶һ˵ھʱԼ˴ҲүүǴӡ磬үС嶼·иСϲԼңϲա
ӦɶĬ֪ݶյڶյϲǼ¶Ĵʵ̫ˡʹ࣬ʹΪʲôǸ˵׵ܵܡ
ðɣˡǣӦɶ֣ͷɽȥ
ԾͰɽ


ɽϰֵСǣһ俴ȥΪɾľƹϲ˵Ƶ˵ֳһƬִܺ˵ϲøŨ
ƹһǳ䣬ڷʮӣǸ䣬аһô󣬺һ㶥ϡΧһСһŮӡŮһɫĺڵ㣬ĺһһȥ̸жª˾úܱŤŮӲϲΨһĿĵطǾյúܽȻ͵زˡ
ŮӶһˣһɫĶ֮Умư׷ӶһȥΪһڴԼŮ
ˣݺӦɶ졣
ԾͰ
ݵһͷ׷̫Ǿʹ˶Ӧɶò̫ɰټһزҵ߶Ҳһǳ鷳¡ǾĨЩڵ㣬ƻòʡȴ鷳
һزζڲ˵ġ
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ǵõϢǺܶ࣬Ϊƹڷżҵִ
ִ˫ҲǳˣǺк͵ʿ
ִԭҲΪ˸ԵĹ
к͵ʿĹʲô
ˡ
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ⳡִȤҲһЩŵ
ԭѪͳݺݴغܶ෽涼˱仯ھδ֮ǰλʦŻɱǶ˵ڵϺڻʹУ֮ǰɽɣھʹϪϴϪȪȥɱţҲ˻ʹУֻ㽫Ϫ
ϪûݴشͳСŵڶǵʿֻΪϺԷڣŷĵҲһЩνǵһ壬Ҳǵ̺ͷƽʱڡ
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֮ŸոƽϢƹһԽԽ࣬ҲǷ˿ڽǡ
ݺӦɶ쳯һȥνķڽǣһ۴аˡ
˳˸һڣ˵һ󺺡ʱȴһϸǰ޿䣬˵ĶһЩҪɱҪ֮Ļ
󺺽קϸϵӣڵͷ
УΧ۵ѾһЩ硣
ԭһͽΪǷ˶ĳĶʣٳûлϣĳ˳ٲծҪɱ֮ġ
󺺱һĲգǮ֮£¹ӣеƭծĵӡ
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506 ɱ˳ǷծǮ
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ӣϸǰϸ΢΢˵ʳӣֻĸףȴûĶӡӣúõİɡĶӣ߲ϣֻ㾡Ľײġ
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쵰ү㻰󺺴ȵƺΪһˣĵҲ˲١
վ˫ֳΧϣһƽ˵ع٣


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ܺãҪ١
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510 Ů˺ϲ
ԭӱͻȻȥʱ֣ɶһû뵽ݾӱ簮Ķһʱ䶼Щ͡
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Ѿˣҷ˾ߣ
ʲôӱ˵岮кüأ㣬ҪԼȥաǵڻĮʱݸˣڵķ˾ˡٲץסᣬȵ´μݸ磬߿¾кüˣ
پͻȻԼڸһСë̸Щ°æӱɫʯקȵСѾͷƬӶʲô˵˵
ߣ˵˰ɣ߳ŭ˰ɣ㣬ⶼΪã
پֱӱ˵ȥˣ˵ǡ𣿡
ӱЩߵ˵ֲô֪˵㲻ȥԣô֪ʲô
ҡ
ѽǼˣ㣬һƽ̣ûôôһϣ˸ˣ
ҵ£㼱ʲô
£Ҳҵ£ӱߵ˵ٵȵ꣬ҾʮˣӦóûͰ˶ٰɣʱҾͻݸף޸ʱҲܸеλǣ
پʱס
ӱ㡭İ
ҵǰҲΪϲһˣȻϣһѽ

پ³̾治֪СѾͷôġ
ԹݺӦɶ챻پһľԺס¡
Ժһ䷿ʱݺӦɶ죬Ǳ˳
پ֣ӱڷӦɶ˵һỰȻ뿪ˡ
ҹݺӦɶͬ˯ǰϰߡ
ʱӦɶ˵Сݣ޸ǳŮ˺ϲ㡣


511 ɽд壬ѡ
ڵķУȻһ仰۾ȼյƹâ˸ЦõУҺǶѵĺѶѡ
ӦɶʼմЦ⣬˵ӱϲǱ⣬ƻƽ̶ϲǲĵףˮ
ݷӱҲŮˣ
ȻŮˡӦɶϵ˵С۶أǸСĹҸҴģˣ϶᲻һе׷㡣
ⶼĸģݸоͷеңֵˣ˯ɣ
Ǻǣ˯ǰ֮ǰһ䣬ôأ
ʲôô죿
ѽ
Ӵܼŵˣ
ԣûҺ֪ɷ뷨Ӧɶ˫ֲڳһ׷ʹļơ
ֺǺǵһЦӱһѽӦɶ챧סɫǰ˵˵һһߣһѰ塣ҵˣһһӡԵϣϣ浽ϡŮˣ߽ǵ硣
ӦɶһڣȻݻѳȥ˵ˣ˯
ݵ˫ֻŻӦɶƣһ㶡
Ůˣʼһɳʵ׵ӣתۼ˹ϵĽ⡣ŮǾЩʲô
ףĲף


᫵ɽܲѵһƬƽ̹ĵضΣȴǱһÿɽһûнǺһͨɽһ޹µĹ֡
һ߾ʬ˵ĵڹϣеǧٿףеȫڣ·ÿǰ鶼һ
ʬѵһˣһѽ
ˣˡ
Ѫ˵Ѫ
һѰѺɫСɵĺɫ쫷ɽϹǰѽǰͣ£СԷ۵糸ٶת仯һ˵Ӱ·˾һѰѺɫСɡ
˳µʬһۣò䲻ȵ˵ޣһʱ䣬µСλ쵽ѪĻѡɱ
Ķ̫ǿ󣬻㱻Իˣ
ಡ
һɫâڽ£߳һ˻ܣ˵Щ˵֣Ӧһֻ󡣡
׷Щ˵Уʹô
ûС
Ƿɽˣ
ӦòᡣѪۺͷɽĬ˴˻ַ
ߣǾһˡ
үǵõϣҲ󡣡
ڻûеõʽѪûְ񣬵ЩѪ˶֪Ѫ۵׸磬ڳѪĵİ¾Ѿ÷ǳǿ󣬹ʴ˶Ϊ𾴣Ȼƺǰľλ
΢ͷӹһ˿䣬˵ˣ񾩴Ƶġ
һ˵ĵͬܵһϲޱĮϢ
Խ˵Խŭ
ڻĮ֮˳
񾩴ȴݳΪС
ɱĸ֮ܲ
ɽĴôƣõۣҪҲһ׵¡ɴȴǱƵˣ˵ⷽ츳
үôȷڵ·ҵ
ȷǿ϶
Ϊʲô
ֱ
磬ʱֻһɫ쫷磬ɽȥ
ȥǸɵĴӿҵһЩûջҲҪǵĵһѪ޺ЩֵɽУôܸҪ˸ۡ
ǣ
ЩѪĵķɻڴǳ¡Ȼڻûֱϵ顣


·񷱻һ˫˺һεζ
֮Ի£Ϊϣѵϳɡʢ
Сɽ壬ǰʱΪĳ˶Щĳ˵ȥع
̫ûг壬ǳһѰѴɡڴش
׻˵з꣬޷硣ǣϷȴһ쫷硣
ֻ֣ΪǺɫġ
쫷һμȴûдʲôͣ˴
粻ˣһȺźɫ׵ˡ
Щ˵׶һģһΨһͬΪ׵ˣϵһѰѺɫСɣһƬƬС죬Ҳųޱ˵⡣
һ̣һƻȽȽڰлһĻ
ˣġ
ѯʣȴûһʵĿǣ´һ
ǶʶеˣǺĬı˳Ĭ
÷ŭӦ˴ǵĳĬ
ĿֻĳǰķɨһۣӶʱȼŨҵĻ棬궼޷ϨͻĴ𾪵æܳڴҴܡ
ʲôˣôǵķӣ峤ŵ˵ûؼʱ̣ͷһȺ˳
и֨ˡԵ˵ǳ͢ˡ
ͷһ㶣ע⵽ǶͷϵѪͼѪˣ
֪ͺáǳͨ͢շѾ鵽Ͳɽ֮Сҽӵٱ
͢շĸǰǾͿˣǴûˡ
˶г˭Ҳڼͳͳɱ
ȡһͷȥ˵ɽկһҹ֮䱻Ϊƽأ֪𣿡
ʲôɽկһҹ֮䱻Ϊƽأͷ治֪ȴ𾪣ѹɽկһֱû鷳ԭˡ
Įϸֳһ˿Цݣ˵ǵ˾ٱǣ˵֮йڡҺ֪Ǵ˭ô£ܰɽгư˸һˣ
𣿡
ͷ֡
ͷʶ䣬æֵֵ
İȻͷȴʮס
㲻оͣȻ㡣֪Ѿˡңȥ
ͷ˵治֪˵ʲô
Цûԡ
˵ţԵ˵Ѫ
£Ѫˣжһѵ
֮ǰǾĵ˼ܲõʲôΪ֧鱨ǱҪġ
УѾһˡ
޷ǣǶһٵĹ̡
ͷͻȻ֣ץס߹սʿ
˺ǵˣͷȵ
쵰Ȼżͳȫ㣡ѪսʿϷʵŭ
ɽկʱͷûڣɽկǿֹٱѪˣȴ
֮УľѾͻȻ䱩
һ񱩵ı˲佫ԭеɫâû
һ̣Ȼļͻ˾磡
ף꾳꾳ˣ꾳ɽǷǳǿĴ˰ɣǸùϲػǸΪеأΪ㾳ոͻƣȴҪˡ
ԱϣǿĻ굤Ϣϱڼײͷʱ򻯳ѹʵ
һ֣ͷֻʣһ

Ȼһ̣һߴӰͻȻͷǰƺҪΪסе


512 ̫֮
ɽկ˱ɱͷ֪ػֲֻϽһкһô򵥡ػζ¸ңζѪζжҫжļһͷ͵ȥ˶ľɽİΣ˵һλǰ˭ɽկҲãǳ͢ѪսʿҲգֻҪǸĴׯͻ޷˵ͦվڴׯǰ档
ΪѾףΣ塣
﷢¹ᶨԣſ⵽ѡκεĽѣȳ
η塣
û뵽ǣ˱η塣
ǰڻ굤ĺȻͦεıӰǳ¶Ľ˶⣬ͷͻȻһּΪصĸо
Ϊһʮְȫĸо
·վߴǿ޷˺Լ
Ȼ굤ͷųɱͷڸߴϺȴûжʲô˺
ֵܣ㡭ͷò˼
ƴһعͷ˵ɽͷǺġұйС㲻㻹Ҫػׯ£ȥɣ
ƴһƺûŪͷʱȵĲͦʵ
굤ˣ
ҲþĿ⳯ƴһȥ˵ԭи
ƴһģ˵ΪʲôҪû֣ѵɽկΪƽصˣͲң
㡣Ĺϵ˵㡣
ƴһʵΪʲô
˵ֱ
ƴһһ˵ĺܳƨ
˼ľ֣ʾ£ƴһȥ΢Ц벻ҳֵĻᡣ
ƴһ˵С굤СΪȻ˳ѪѪսӦû˼
Щȣ˵Ȼôõһĸ֡
ƴһ˵ǸǸǳҵȻܲ
˵ĸ֣ȻСׯУ֡㲢ǳ͢Ҫ׽õˡžϪЩһǲĴҲˣǾʲô㺦µҪأѵ̫ĽҪ㣿
ƴһЩͷ˵ҪʹѵҪ̽ҵ˽ɣ
ֻǺܺ档
ӮңҾ͸㡣Ӯȥ
ãܺã
һâȻһɫâ˲ŷȥ
ϡ
ѺɫСڰС
ƴһվԭ˿һƻɢֵǣŻƴһϢȻжϲĸ硣
ĺη塣Ҫ֪ͨѪĵѾɾ񡣾ƴһҲ񾳽磬ҲʮսʤΪԼսֶΡ£Ͳϡ
٣Ȼܡ
ƴһپǿߣǻбҪɽ֮
ǿߣϻмɱ
ڻĮѣ򾳽ܴ죬䣬Ǩڳʵ켣һꡣе̱Ѵﵽһ޷ǿҵزֻҪһеıܹģͷͨһΪ泩ľ硣
ڴƴһľ繻ߣܹʹȫĵزܺһս
ͷͨǼΪҪ¡
Ȼڵľ絽һܸߵľ磬ͷȴǱһȦס޷ͨγΪĮһսܸݣֻҪݣȦȻܹƳͷҲȻͨڴ֮ǰκһĵʤҲܹƳ顣
Ȥͻƴһһս
ȷˣӰǰȻһ塣
ѺɫСǰȥӰȴʧ·ɲǼһ
֪һһڻƴһ棬ȻǷСڣ;оͻὫƴһǧС
ֻǷǳ첢ϬĴɱֶΣ֪ĵֶΣҲûеһܷס
οǻƴһ
ƴһȻޱƽ񣬶飬ޱƽ
ȭͷƺһͻ
ʱҹϿյдһŭ
Ҫŭ
еĺɫСͻȻһͣ·𶨸˿С
ĵӰԭظֳ
̧ͷ
ɽϷһƻ䣬Ʊ棬һƵĽƮ¡
ϣźڵװɫƴӵӰ
ھְɡ
˵һѾİĳƺȴеһ˿Ӧ
Ӱ˵ƺǵ°ɣ
ûʲôǷǹܲɡҲͬûʲôǲܹܵġκ£ƽ벻ƽ̫ܾ֮͹ܣܾͲܡ
ǸղѾ֣˼Ҫܣ
ǵ˼
һ£ʲôô
Ϊ˵Щ䷲ףǺ˵е߳ܡѵʲô£Ҫкôô
˵Լ˵ôߡ̫ĽͶȡɵԭѵˣ

ͻȻһȣʱһ׾ֱ䵽ĵǰ
Ķʱŵ˺ףյ˾η
֪Ը⣬ղһ׾ֱԼˡ
ԼĿǰ񾳵Ǿû취סһ׵ġ
Լľ絽۷ڣҪٵĵزҲ޷ססΪףپĵһ硣
һ۷ڵĻ׼ٵʱ򣬶ɵĵһ١
ֻҪѭ򽥽һһٶȹܽԶԿٵĵز
ֻһףѾİ仰˵
ΪȻϵǸ׽ٵǿߣ
볤ֻһ֮ңǿߣ
ĸ
ȻĽзŭס΢΢һݣ˵Ī̫Ľˣ
ͻȻЦ
ȻĺԶĿƣ·еĺĳԼǰһ
ֵľ磬Ҳ䵱̫ĽھһƨͨĻëС㸸ǳǰСǳɽֻҲǳƾʲô̫ĽûУ
ĶʱƵĻסˡ
̫Ľ̺͵ϪΪǿڣȴû̫Ľ͵ϺԼϪϱȽϣȴµһСڷȽϣȫһ֮ϵ̬
ѱ𾪵˵
һָоҪԼԼԻһ롣
˵ǽʮֻˣһ㸮ϵĹܼͿһϧǣͿѾڻĮţûдﵽߵĳɾ͡ǽ°ܽ
ˣ̫֮˷
Ĳҳ
˵ǳ͢ڴ⡣ȥʲôѪ˵̫Ľ̻£ҶʲôǾͱ̫Ľ̳Ѫ죡
Ҳ⻰ţһ˿ڵʽ
˵֮˵ˣԵˣҲپǿߡ
̫ĽһֱĪ⣬¶϶ִ¶񾳻ִ֮ͣϣжϡ
ǵʵһֱǸա
ݴؼıǨ̫Ľ̶ûвУûʧҲûлʵûʧĻÿһͻӦĴۣܵ˵һεĵںϪȻ˿·һ硣
ɽĶûôη壬̫Ľ̵ǿˣò
ǰ³çˣߡ
ԱϣĻΪһɫ쫷磬ʧ
Сӻ顣֮УЦ˵һ䣬ȻζĳƴһһۣҲѸٷߡ
ɽһׯ˴㶲ѡ
ղŷ£·һΡ


513 ѵǺ۸ģ
𣬾ѡ
һ˺̫Ľȥ֮󣬶ɽ˵ⳡҲѵʱ
˵Ŀⶼ˻ƴһϡ
ƴһЩڨڨԴ˵ô𣿡
ôֻСһʲôѵͲҲ
ðɡֻƭһ꣬ȴƭ꣬ҸôǷᣬҺôôıǣڸǴ򣬵Ҫ㣡
Ǻô˵仰вУôңһᷢëġ

ĵɽʱѾˡӱӦɶʱЩ֮⣬涼ܺг
ݾȵǣһȥپѴӻ굤˱굤֣Ҳѳɾ˻굤֣ɳɾͻ굤ǲϡ棬پһ֮ڳɾͱ굤ĺ˲ˡûУҲûгѪĵİȫŬ͹˵츳ǵδǱķȷȷƽ̵Ĳѡ
ɵһŮƽ̣Ҳʷƽ̡
λʱ˶ɣʵ˵һУס˵졣
İѣҲĶһ־Ϊ֮پʲôϵάֵһòˡ
ҹپ޵ЩʲôȫȻûȥûͱƺپһ㴰ֽ
پⷽ汾ɬ֮ˣӱһĻݶ˵޵ıʧܣҲʶʲô㲻ⷽ£ݱѵĹϵϡ
ֻʹίǾֻԼԳˡ
ԹŶˣҲû취¡
ҲܱжûӦɶǰĻپڣһΪӦɶ壬ΪԼĿǰĴͲʺ̸ЩŮ֮£ȻҲÿҹӦɶͬˡ
ֻп϶ܴԼŮҸݲŻ߳һ
ԭ
ƽ̣
پдݺӦɶͣʱһǰ
پƽƽ˵ûں͹ò𣿡
㬵˵ƽǷȥɣѾˡ
дʲôô󵨣
͢Ѫˡ
پɫһݣʱվȻƽס£˵Ѫ˲ţҳȥ
ͻȻãپЩƽʮ侲ģѵΪ޵ıף
Ȱ˵پȥɡѪڵɵġ
پ˵Ҳǡ
벻ֻһ̬Ϊһ֮ƣǵԴΪء˵ǲȥǻ㺦ˡ
⵹Ҳǡһ仰˵پĿˡΨһŮƽ̣λʱ˶ŮϿˢΪӴԺһŮ˵Ĵ¿϶ᣬ·ǲȥǸպø˿ʵ
پٴվ˵Ҿȥ
ҲվҺһȥ
پͷ
ɴڣʱѪɫ׵˶ɫʯվš
پٳδһӡһͷ˳ɫʯȥòм˵һССɵƽ̣Ӿôôӿȥȥ
÷ɫʯŵɵæʯǰ棬ִˢˢָС
ȭȣЦһ䣬̧첲ǰһӣʱһѪɵɳȥ
һʯͷȻûҲǻҪʲô
бһһȭʱһź⳯ʯȥ
ʱһӰ£ɫʯϡлȥĺâۿҪŮʱȴ·ײǽϣΪС
ŮӵĵϰϹƽ̣
ݺӦɶ쾲ĵߵԵȺС
پĿУǿӲ˵λ߳ô߳ҲغǶ˵ֱӱȻǡ
ȻЦҲ䣿
پ˵Ѫ˶㲻ô
ϻݴڶѪףκѪﶼ
Ȼˣǻҽɽʲô
ǽɽȻǳ͢ǣǻЩĵطһᡣ
پЦƽ̻ܳˡ
ˣһЦپĿͻȻüΪȵλɽ
ǣŰ裬پ޾η֮⣬ɵѷ߿ѵԸͳͳνվ˳
ƽ̣ǺôĵȻ˴ǣ֪ǵôֺ˵
پ΢΢ͷƳȥ˵ǳ͢Ĺô
ͷپͬһѶĵƺپϾ¡
ǳ͢ʮɷ֮ɷλӥɷɷ
Ѫһʮʮɷһ˻ɷڳ͢ѪжǵλߵĴڣԭΪݻɵǼɵû뵽ǣԱݣɵȻûаѽ
һĻݺοЩɵֻپһɷǺѪԵˣҲֻپķԸҪٽ;ٽ¡پڡ
һŭˣȵǳ͢߼ЩĹ
Ӳݸе⡣ڽپʱ赲ºҲ֪ʵһǳֱˡе⣬ȫΪɱıܣŰع٣һĿˡپĵںͶʵĲ֤ŷԭȷعˣҲݱʾǸ⣬ᡣ
ܵӺͱģɷҲ̲סˣͻȻʹһϬҪɱ
پ֪ЩǷ蹷׼ָһţʱһĽͷųȥȵɷС
ɶ㵱Ǻ۸ɷݺݵ˵һ䣬˫ȭΪצپһצʱɫצƾճ֣һһҳپץȥ
پſ˫ۣиԷɳһıֱ̽ɫצġ
ѵǺ۸ģ
һɫپͷųע˫֮УǶԺɫצٶȱˡ
ɷپֲ£ӥɷɷͬʱУΪһ峯پȥ
״ݵ΢΢ȭ
ͨݵĽ棬ѾжϳɷǱ굤磬һǱ굤۷ڣÿһľ綼ҪپƽҪߡ
پֵܵסɷһǺܳӥɷɷٳ֣ǵסġ
ݾ֡
Ϊ֪پƽ̶ֵסҲû˭ܵסˡ
׼ֵʱپµɫʯȴȻһ۵⡣
֮еΪޡ
پɷȻ
ɷ޵û뵽ʯͷȻһ߼Ҳõı˰ɣ챻ƨɵ£֪᲻ᷢù
ɷЦǴǲȤϣǷùҲԸ⡣
ӥɷɫߣ
پɫʯɫѱ÷ǳóŭ˵λɣҲ˵⣬ȴһֱơˣƽ̲ϧѪսһҲҪάϣ
֣Ҳ߳˵󣡡
ǣ
ڵɵӸߺһÿ˶ԼλʱѪɷΧм䡣
ӥɷ˵ɻӲ֪֪ԽӲ¾Խ졣
ŭȵҲҪǵ汳
ȣ
ڵٴһȣʱѾγɣ졣


514 
ɷ˴˿£һЩԱӦУԵЩšپֹҲСɡ֪˵ʵҪսʤپµɫʯλɽҲһ׵¡һʧܣпܱȺ鼤ܵɵӸҽЩν˵У֪͢ɱƾһʱ嶯²ȥİɣ
ԭֻΪ˸پһһ֪Ѫ£øԼ˭˭ҲݴϵλãΪϪЩûˣɾµһ
ɷȴû뵽ɾһȺӲԵļһƽ̵ӣûһ˸˿ӡ
Ҫǰɣܼ򵥣Ҫ򣡶һѪսף
һɷЩˡ
ͽ˱Ⱥݣ˲𰡣
ƽ̣̫ˣ
ʱһˬʵĴЦ·ڽɽɽȻתۼɽϽɴá·𷢳ЦֻһЦʱʹɽɽ
Цʱһ񸻼ҹģѾɷǰ档
˿ȥʮͷûдףֻǴһĽϵһƴ塣ͨɫк쵽µĹâ·װŵѪҺʱбѪ͸
Ƥܰף͸죬ͷһͼ
ɷͷϵһһֻѪˡ
ſƵȣЦЦĳپȥپ΢΢ʩ񣬴Ц˵Ѫƽ̣ˡ
ˣɷæϥ¹μˣ
ɫһ䣬ŭˣ˵ɶƽѵǲ֪еĿ𣿡
ʼһֱɷ˵ɷƺΪưͣӥɷ˵ˣǵĴԸܷ
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ݵĿҲ˼ı仯ԼǰҪսõʱ֣ɺӱʱϵˣȻֱȡ谡ԼıҲȷǸүҪˣȻôһɷ񣿱˵񾳣Ǹ鵤ҲСˡ
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ȴӦɶپĻ˵㣬˵ǫ飬ԱͲ֪ʵжô˲𣬶ôĳɫȻҴ󣬵ǶͬһŮˡʮʱ򣬾һ֮ᵽδһŮ˵ѹһŮҪһ㣬ǺܲסúܺãĺܰҪǿܶࡣƫͷЩڻеɵȥ˵ܳôһңκһŮ˶Ҫɫ㲻һ֮ƣһŮˣһκȢ㶼ҪҸԺһŮˡ
Ӧɶһ˵޷д֮⣬ȫһַĶʵĳߡ
پЩˣû뵽ӦɶȻ˸߶ȵ
Ӧɶһ仰ȫӲ
֮ǰ˵ĻȨ֮ƣǷĵİ


519 ʥ
㡭پؿӦɶ죬ɵ˵㣬˵ʲô
˵˵ĻĻϣܺݳףҲں
Żڷ㶵پӦɶ΢΢һЦʵô㲻Ը𣿡
پˣò˼ĿӦɶ죬ʵŪǰŮӾ̽Լװȣˡ
һʱ䣬˵
ӦɶȻ΢ЦתȥʱĽӣעҪɾʹҵʷһҳΪ˶һˣһôֻһŮˣҾ֮ǰҾ뵽һ㡣ҺһҴδԼˣֻԼһŮˡҺȻ˸ݵѡҾҪ˳ƶΪ
ʵɽ֮ǰһţһҺ˹ҵ㣬Ǿ˹ҲŮ˽ǵ硣Դӿ㣬ݵ񣬿ݼʱּҾ֪Ҵˡݣעһ˵ġ
ԣپ֪ݳǰŮ⣬ŮˡӦɶһҲںΪǺߡֻܲЩӦɶȣ̲סʵĲں
ţӦɶصص˵ͷȻЦΪʲôҪںΪұǶҸɽһ꣬Һദһ𣬱˴ĬĬغѾһҸӡǱҲҸ˵ŮˣһںʲôأֻϣܹŬΪԼϵļܴӱ˺߳˵ȵѪ󣬲ŻῼǵԼҲϣһ˸޷ҪһŬҪӼ߳ร
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һţӦɶ첻ǹȣҲ̽ǳĳıԼ뷨
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ӱ֣׳һ㶮áȻıȥ
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ô꣬ҲϷԺʦϴ裬͸ɹôһιȻͱСѾͷˡⶼȥˣѾͷʱŶţϷԺʦ㣿ղСѾͷ˵ʲô԰Īʦ㣿⡭
֣ɵһ˫۾ʱɵϴһǵͨ죬ϼγѪ
һ̣һŭ𣺡ӱȻң
ԶӱͭЦԼ֣ʦ֣ԭ㻹ȺðǺɫร
֣ɺӱ죬ڵӶҡҡͷ¶ε顣
˱ӱˣˡСѾͷ˿ôร


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پ˵ЩѲߵĵ˫״ǰɽºҰݣپݣұ꣬ѾǸϹҲȻƤ
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Ѿ˼˺ܾãʱ渵Դˮɳ£ںϪȻˣ̫Ľ̺ͷɽڣʵѪ廹һвġֻ̫Ľ´£ֻܺԼɽΪ˺֮ĹϵƺĳַֻЭ顣ţһжʱġΪѪԽ󣬳˶Լԣ˶ûкôʱ죬ЩǿҲһģ
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ţپصصͷݵĿᶨ
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ݣҵһ죡


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ΪɵӵİΣΪ˼ϵʹܶץһҲǺõġ
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ûһЩʵͨ¹ȲڤӣڤҲû취ģ
Ĭ
ǹ˵ȻûУڤڤףڤ;ŴڤսĹڤûǰ첻ɵ¡
ûȹ˵꣬޼ɾ˵֪С
ˣʱˡУҲ㡣ץס޼ɡ
޼ѵףǰ߳һ˵ǰңԼȥ
˵˽˵ǽڤ˵ȴǿʼµĿʼ㲻ûģһʼȻֻֻҪڷܣΪڤЧԼ״̬
޼泯ڤӣĺⲻǿζҲ֪ʲôζ
ȥɣα
ѾˡȻˣһӦ÷ڤĹ򡣡
ǵĹǶԵǵĹػ˼䣬һܺܳɹ𣿡
ǲǵĹ򣬽ԼУҪνڤڤǶͣǸã
ǿڻ

ֻһ˲ʱ䣬޼ɵԺѾֳͷһ̣˽Ļ˵ѡ񡣽ǰһֻת뿪Ϊת۵㡣
û̫ãԳЦЦ۾ȥ
һĻ˿̾һ˽ʱֻ΢ԥһ¾ȥˣȻһ鷳ڤ鷳ѾˡҴ޵ԣ˵ڤλ̫үʾãҪ̸
Ц̫үӡʱҪʵʵҪа֣һڤϤӡСһĸУ㲻Ҳܰȥ
˵Ҫ飬ԺΪʱǳ׺ļһ״̬߼ִִСڤôңΪڵĴܲơ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ̫Σˡ

Ͻ̸ʱ޼ѾڤԽԽֱƽΣյϢʵһ޼ɵ壬Ȼ޼ɸеһǰδеĿ־塣Ȼʶֿ־岢ڤ֮УԼΪǿĺ֪ڤӳΪǾͳ׺˽ϾһУΪڤһԱǾҲزȥˡΪʱûκ޼η壬ڤ磬Ҳͬˡ޼ɵĿ־壬ǿ־Լ
ͻȻʶԼҪ
ҪڻڤϿٷ¶һڵĴ¡
һּǿҵĲͷĵ׷ӿš
ڤӱͻȻĳһ޴УǹⱻɣһɹΧӿ
ͻȻ䣬һɫĹâг˳һɫĶ
߰ͷ­޼ɣ޼׹ĹҲ
𾪡졢ãʱ޼Ϊ޼ɶϤ
һŷŭ޼Ժ𣺡𣡣
޼˫ȭ󣬼ǳɤӴ󺰣Ҳģ

Ҫκι޷סң
ڵƾʲô
ڵУһã

һڤӵ׹޼ɣȻһɳ죬صϡ
µ˲䣬Ϊһƣ޼ɵĸ첲ϣ޼ɵһ̣޼ɵɫֳһϵơ
㡭ˣ׾
Ҳڤӣ޼ɼᶨ˵
У˵Ҫȥ
Ҳȥ޼ɼź
Ǿȥҳ޼ɱȥƺ޼ɸײȥ
ಣ
޼ӰһѳڹҵϵֻǵһЩѳһѺɫĳ
ҵһΪϲܶ
һĻĵ»Ƿˣָ޼˵Ҫȥһ»Ұ
޼˵ģֻԼǰ·
ǲܵģ״˵ڤ磬ڤ飬ܶùһʱվ뷨
Ҫԡ
޼ɵǰ棬ŭҲ뿪
סҡ
ҵְ𡣡
ֻɱ㡣
ҷѾˡ
޼ЦҲԡ
˵㣬ڤ㣬᳹׵Ķɱ㣬ֻĻᶼ㡣
޼ɰ룬ԼǱɱѪУѪȡĻԼڤĻᶼûУ˵ֻˡ
Թ׵Ļûκвá
޼ɼЦֻأҪꣿҪꣿûʱȣҲԸȡңҾɱ㡣ڤңҾɱҪңҾͱ죡
Աϣ޼һնȥ
ڤ֮УͻȻ
ڤڤ˫ͻȻ͵ãǿ½ˣ


525 ̶װ
Сݣ㣬ɣѾܾûˡ
СݣһжǶģɱÿһ˶Ǳģ
СݣѡʹһգĺܿġʵڴУһֱǴ׵ܵܡ
СݣվҵѪ𶼻ûôܱɱ
ݣͣ㻹ҵ޵УվɱҰ㲻ҪҵѪ𣿡
СݣΪʦڤúܺãҪչˣ˽ȥ
ݣݣΪʲô֣ҵĶӣҵĶӣ
ݣӦʲôҵʹҲʹʹûɾߣ˲Σ
СݣѣѣӦѪҪҳ׵ģ

һݶߴʵã֪Уĳֻþ
̶֮У
֣ԼȻ޷
Ϊһıѱסܹ͸ı㿴ӦɶŽǵ
ӦɶƺҲȫųŨܵİ׹⣬һҪѱڻӡ
Ҳ߶Ӧɶϣͷų
ꡪ
ѿһ죬ӳɹƣʱķѡ
չֽţһչ֫ơ
Сݣ

ݺӦɶں̶нһ
ﲻڤɣһţ
ݵʣӦɶЦ͵صͷ˵ţǶţǺ̶ǵ˺̶֮С
˵û뵽ҾȻⶼû
Ӧɶ˵ⶼעġû̶Ǿ治˵ˡյ޴ĴˣЩ⺮̶еɷ֮ûˡ
ݵľԵ÷ǳã·֮ǰûоһսƵģ˵ԣôˣǻĸ
Ӧɶصͷеʵоô
ܺãʹһ
СݣҸоڵ״֡ûк潻սڶѾˣ񻹺ܾ񡣡
ǰ⡭˫Ȼһʱͷų֮
һͷųȥͺͺ̶еϢںΪһˮݣ˷ɢ
ƣݴһЩˮݶʱƿӿΡ
͵ػӳȭÿһȭȥһǿ֮ȭȥ
ݴؿԼ˫ȭЩ˼˵ҡҵǿˡ
Ӧɶͷÿ϶˵ľˣӦˣ
ݾô죡
Ӧɶ˵һǺ̶ã
ʵ⺮̶ϡĶ츣أҲЧôðɣ
Ӧɶһᣬ˵ļսһľԼһЩǽͿաŵ뺮̶̶ܵɷ֮ѱͿգһֻܾúܾõҰޣͻȻȫʳһǷǳɿڷǳӪʳ֪һ̻ʣ޲ð̶֮еɷ֮ȥһȡɷ֮Ҫղ֪˶ٱ룬㾳ԭ򡣡
ݾӦɶĺĵ˵˵ûǴѲк󸣣ĴĻҪɱңȴû뵽ǳɾҡ֪֪᲻Ѫ
֣Ӧɶüͷ˵㾳ȻˣֻǴ񾳳ڣǳɾģȻĶ֡Ȼû£Ӳħơ
ʵţ
Ӧɶͷ˵ǲǵʬ壬ǲֵġ̶ס£Ȼ̶ҵǣҲֻʱ⡣˵ҪȥҲҪȥ
ǰʶԣ˵ΨһҪģһԸĵİ취
ûõģӦɶҡҡͷ̾ղȻֻĳ֣ҿɽϻһȺˣ˵Ϣǳǿ֮¶񾳸֡һ񣬲ڵܶԸ˵ġԵǰȡɡ
˵һ·ݲ֪սʤ˶پҪԼĶ֣һʵֲ̫ˡ
ͺñһǰǱ굤ʱҪԸ䣬ҲӦܹһ¡һ굤ģǾ;ûʤˡ
ͬˣ񾳣񾳣񾳣ǳ⡣
ǾԵֻ߳һ
룬취ݱ۾˼
ӦɶҲѾĺȷʲô취
ãͻȻ۾ʵں̶̶𣿡
Ӧɶҡҡͷ˵ǡ
˵ǳ뺮̶
Ӧɶʵʲô㣿
εЦЦ˵ʵû뵽ʲô취ֻǾȻĶ츣أô̶˵ʲôأ
Ӧɶ˵ȷʲô⣬ġ
ţҰɣҲ֪ţ˵ĵĻ˵ҵֱ
ǣ̶³ȥ
˺ܾã⺮̶ƺʼβͷ·⺮̶ûеһ
ݲûз³
ڣƺһʲô
㿴ʲô
壬ǹһ
׵Ĺ߶ԽԽģԽԽһΣǿȥ
ԱϣͷųԼԸٶ³
ƬҲԽԽ
ǳǹ֮кͻȻоǰ·ͻȻһƬ޾İɫ·ʧȥĺƽһ׹ǵܣȴˮ
ݴȥ⺮̶ûеף


526 Ů
һ󾪻ʧ׹֮ݺӦɶӲЩĲݵϡֺ׼׹ǵͷЩΣѲ֪ںδ
Դȥ
εûһ˿ˮۣҲûһ̶վʵʵڵգݸоԼ·ǴӺ̶ģ·֮ǰһֻһΣԼɽ֮Сϣεʼܸһ㣬õʱԼճǣͲȥľҲȥĮ͸û֮ľ˵鷢ˡ
ȻǣΪӦɶͻǰͬɻա
ݴӦɶ۾￴õӵͬʡ
ݻܣԶɽ֣߿շƯƣĲݣһжôʵһжô̸ɾȴݸоһԴĸоΪֻĲݵУͷ·ûսҴûзսһôƽ
ģڷʡ֪ӦɶҲ޷ش׼ȷ˵ʵʡ
ȻͬʱӦɶҲʣôģ
ݺӦɶһۣ˴˿Цһ߼ľǾûС
˼һᣬգ˵ۿĲʵģ󲻵ȴʵڡǺ̶̶пһţ˵һһ´Խ˿ռ䣬
ӦɶݵĻ˵ͷеΪǻ󣬶Ȼ۵ĻǾǴӺ̶ӦҲ̶ܿǣӦһԵĺۼɣʱûУӦɶݵжϣǸղžӦǻЧ
Ӧɶ̾Ҳ֪λ˲õģȻ棬
ݵͷ˵̫̫࣬ЩѾݳǿߣֻǱɽһǡ
ţеֻֻʱģ˵浽˲ܲȵĵزʱЩǿһվģδѲڤڤ֮иȵĹ⣬ӼᶨԼľġ
ݵĻһƬƻƮ£ɢȥһ˳ǰ
һĶ̷ٶüӢʮ㣬ȫһӸλߵȡĳܿ˧һ޷жԱŮ
ʱҲ֮Σ壬ͷ侲ж׼Һ塣
Աϣ̤֮ȭǰҾʩ
˵ݸжһŮˡ
վҲʩ˵Իʱ˽һʹ¡Ծλҷ˰ָ㣬Ǿ
ѵŮҽ¿Ůࡣ˵Ļ滰ҵҲǴСõ֡ӦɶŮֺαǰݣ
ԣݺӦɶһۣӶԷп˾㵺;֮ɫ
¿΢ЦýţŮǴǧеСǧ磬ǵͷԴǧ˺ջŮû˿ջԣǲõĻᱩ¶ݣҲõһӺǡ˵һλˣһλʥˣһ񾳵ĸ֣ǱҾһĲ񣬲Ϊ塣
¿Ļ˵úֱӣʵڣҲϣݺӦɶһ˿
ûмŻػΪ¿ĻУ˺ܶʵϢ
Ůǧ磬Сǧ硭
˵ʵѾԻˡ
ǸΪ˺úõػţѳΪǱƲѵֶΣѾһϰߡݵҲ󷽣ҽܵݣҷӦɶ졣
¿ЦЦ˵˷޵˼
¡࣬˵һ˵ɣǶѾԺˡ
ͽ¿ɡǲŮˣسƺҵĹְ
¿߽һЩԽݱ¿ԽӺÿͻȻ㾪޵Ƕׯʵ־õʹһ𣬻ÿҹͬߣ峿ͬҲٿͿȥӦɶҪϺܶ࣬پҪԵóһЩ˿Ӱֻζ
¿˵ʱǳרעҲǳµû̶ȻȻɵĶ츣أں̶֮жŮõĻ󡣶ǸҲŮСǧݴǸǧ֮Ĵšں̶棬ѾӦʥϢϢǽſǽ
Ӧɶ廰±⣬ǲǡ
¿ͷ˵ǵġǸӦһΣյϢ̶ƽͨͺ̶±ѾǿˣܰǱƵز˵ǵĵ˸ǿţǿҪڽҲһʱ¡ڽ뺮̶ֻҪǲ򿪴ţҲ޷жϤǿͻŵ
Ӧɶ˵ȻǣмСŮһݣ
˵ţӦɶҪ¡
¿æ߹Ӧɶ죬΢ЦҾǣǹµּ⡣Ҫлȥлɡ
˵һҪлȻǾں̶ˡŮģ
¿˵ȥɣҪټǡ
ݳӦɶ쿴һۣ˵ͷ
¿˵һݺӦɶĻһ㣬ʱһƬƮۼ˽£ڰеͷɡ
þϸĸܽµĻɻΪѾо¿оƺߣȴʩչƼֶΣƺİҲҿ϶ɽ˵жصĻ츳Լȴ֪ڻɾ¿ʵϢֶεȷΪԭ
Ҳ֪¿ݵɻ󣬻Ǻ˵˵⣬˵Ůһն˻ΧǹֻҪģܲеİƣǷС
޵ǵĻ˲𡣼ȻͬŮΪʲôֻһձ˻Ϊʲôȫأ
¿ӹһĨ˵ΪһǰһǿִӴǧ紳˽ռǵ֣ƻϿյĻ󡣡
˵ǿɶִƽ֣ǾҪһ
⡭ȼǹȫˡ
¿˵ˣҲٶʣһֱĬ¿ǰС
ƵķٶȲǺܿ죬ȴȣŮƺ󣬲һʱǾͿһĳС
еγߣУһչֳԼŮ塣ܵĻСӾʣҫ²ԣŮ˵ָظԼļ
ݴûмĳС񾩱ҪٱΪ񾩴˵ĸоʮŶ˵һʷĺ嫣ȨϺӽµԽУкܶϸк͸Уݸоʵ
ڰɽ̾
¿΢΢һЦû˵Űƽͷи߶ȣĽ䡣нˣ㿴вʱаƷɹзȥڿеʱеİƻ¿ǰٶȣ¿кֻǵĿʱ˺档
ȻĬһֱĸоı仯ԽԽݸоؼһϢ仯ϢϤһǰڸռеϢ

ִѱ֡
³ǵˡŮĶǡӦŮ빬ɣ¿˵
ȫƾԸ˵дɻŽ°ƽ³С


527 ħֵ³ǵӢ
ȴԵø߹Ͻʧ鶯
϶³ǰһ𺳻ǳԤϡ
̤Ůأݱһۿ³ǵòݱ³Ǹ³ݵĸоˡ
¿һ·У·ûκ谭ֻһĿ⡣
Ѿֺ棬Ϊһ·ǹ⻹ǹڣûпһˡŮʵڵ˾ȻȫŮˣ
ͻȻôһˣЩĿĳֱȻˡ
¿ݺӦɶһܴķ䣬ǹ󳼵ĵطǹ鷿ҡ
һۿݾסˡ
Ϊû뵽ŮȻӡ
һȥ¿ҪСŮӣһ򵥵ȹͷҲûйװΣһȥһڼСһ㡣ȴϣһһЦһ˵ĺءһͺȫĸо޷ϵһʺһ󣬻ΪŮӣҪ۰ϧģһصȥΪЩ˶ġ
ŮͦվţȻһɣרעעԶĿˡ
¿ݼŮŮûеȴݺӦɶ񣬶ֱ˵ҽȣŮλˣ֮
˵ţŮȭأ
ݶʱܳĸоһ֮
ʱȴ𺳡
ΪŮ𺳡
ĿУֻΨһһŮӵʱǾӦɶǴ壬ۣӤʶһԶСݶӦɶİʵռ˺ܴһԭ
Ůȵȴۺ˰ۺ񣬳ϵۺ񡣵ƫƫۺ֮ĩÿβľͷȴһģ˸оôصԸСͺ˵ʱһȺ壬ÿһ񾭣벻סѡ
һʱЩˣվǰŮӣһλֻһڼСã
һʱ֮æȻ
ӦɶҲȵסˣ֮˵Ů̫ˡ
Ӧɶ죬¶޷ڵϲ˵Žк
һЦ
Ӧɶȹ˵Ѿ鶼ˡŮǣǸм
˻֣˵ȻԼҲ£ϵЦס˵ŮͨİڴǧпСǧ磬ŮʱǾѾʹǧûκιȻˣǴκκοռڣҲûбҪǣϾǴǧĶԹҾǣҲԼĿģҲлҡ
Ů֮Ľݺʶûв졣罻ԼӦɶ죬Ͼ˼Ҳʮʱһ֮λȨԻӦɶȥԺˡ
ӦɶɫȻܴݣҲ򶨣˵Һݶжر֮ˡŮʵôͲ˵ŮʲôĿˡҺ뱨Ƿ飬Ů˵ʲôҪɡ
͵ĿӦɶһۣ΢ЦˣôͣŮ
Ӧɶ⻰⣬ƺ˲ֹ
Ҳûʣ˵Ůֱ԰ɡ
˵ֻǰһæ˵Сæ
˵
ϣܰҰһ˴ȥǴǧˣˣǶû취ϣܴȥκˡβáҲҪҶɡվģлؼҵȨǶԣ뿪Сǧ硣
ӦɶЩȣû뵽ľȻһܰҪ
˻ؼңҶ
ӦɶǸԵˣΪһ֮ǸܸԵˣΪһˮСŮ⻰ЩжΪоõû˵ѣҺϡ
ŮҪǴȥˣ˵жأ
˵֣¿Ϊ裬ͬʱ˵һǰһ죬Ů˵ѵĿʼһǿִӴǧ紳˽СԭŮȥĵطԴеĻ󶼱ƻˣв㣬ҰȫҲû˱ϡͨ󣬲֪ҵ֣¾֣Ҳоʵ̫ǿˡ֣̾ûг³ǣɢһϢһѸŮÿ䡣ܵϢȾĹǾܵһѸٵıϣ˫ʮŮӿȥϡ̫š
ʱ¿³ǵʱ͸о
Ϣǳǿȫ³ǵĻ󣬽³е񶼸Ⱦˡȴûа취ΪֳΪŮĽأƺΪħ֡һһֱİ취ºйصϣҵ֪һù濪СǧʱǿŹΪġСǧȡһЩƤƤΪóӦĻ󣬹ǾܵþȣָպഺϧǣŮûгɫĻͣʵǿ¿ҲŴ굤еûа취˵ȡƤܱס㲻ˡԾ֪취Ҳֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
ҿѰ취ʱ򣬺̶֮һ˺һˡ뺮̶ʱڵľ磬ǳˣ̶ֺͲ뿪ˣƺź̶̵񾳽硣һʱÿ춼̶ʱһݾʮ졣֪һֱڹעڵ񾳺ڣȻֵ۷ڡֱһ죬ƺ¶˾ģҪں̶н£ΪҪں̶гȴû뵽ּ߻ħЩں̶һغ
Ҽ־㣬һ񣬱ڹؼʱ̾һѣ򿪴ŽŮ֪ǾǳмŮ״һĲҪõƤҪֵħնɱɾСǧħҼˣ⣬ǵģΪ׳Уȥˡ
û뵽
˵ݺӦɶ춼ûע⵽¿ɫ÷ǳѿ
һȥЩˡ˻ˣҲܵ䣬ձϣһϢˣһȥ֮󣬷·Ǽŭħ֣ǵøˡʼʱֻһЩ徳Ĺܵ䣬ձϣߵΪԭûܵ䡣֮󣬾оĻҲܵʴŮмо굤Ļͷǳ٣ûܵĹѾˡ
˵̲סʵ˵Ҳˣ
ˣ˵ǵģǹˡ
ˣ˳
Ⱥ¿ȥʵʶ
˵Һйһ֮ԵǸӡѹѪһҲûҵԭȻһ궼ں̶кͱܻ󰡣
ȵͷ˵ŮֻѾ޷ˡں̶оǣǼ˲ˣҲȻ֮ϣܽ˳ȥκãǲκãҲҶ硣
ʱ¿ݺӦɶдɫӣֿ˵λԣǺ޳ԹǻλܹȫһҪ취κ
ǻġվӦɶ쿴һۡ
Ӧɶͷ
Ůȥһ˳𣿡


528 ħ
˳ղϣϢ˥䣬һήĻεڷ罫ϣһ紵ǿήĿݻƻͻɢ
ֻһ֮Եһ꣬ݶԺ˳ļȴǳ̡ҲΪͺ˳һսݵõ򣬾Ҳõ֮ռеսȡúõĳɼ
У˳ĵˣĶ֡ݶԺ˳ӡ󻹲ΪһȻϺѬմȫλӡƺֻеκħֶǸɱġԭĴ·ȫѾϺкʦϴԡ
ΪϺвһֱˣȴΪ˳һмǿˡǱʦ̵ġ
Ѫ·˳û˵ڵеѾݻ˵Σûѡµ·
һֱᶨΪۺ˳ѡ·ѡѪ塣
ΪаħԿħ˼룬ѸֲĵףΪһΪ֮ܶĿꡣ
һˣ˵ǻˣֻ˵Ǹӡ
¿ϿҵҲ¶㾡ȫȥ
˵аѪ磬Ҫľ˳֮ħ
԰ɡݿź˳ѾǽʮҲûжֹ
Ӧɶߵ˳ǰܻļʥ飬ʱʥ֮ռ䡣
ʥɢҲȴǴ壬Ǹƽеĸʣδϣ
¶һĨ죬˵ʥĴаɣ
Ӧɶ콫ʥں˳Ķͷϣ˵ǵģʥ飬ʥ۶ɡ
Щж˵лҺ¿Ρ
ǼұóӦɶº͵˵Ů඼ˡţΪǵʥܷӳʵ
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ʥǳں˳Ķͷϣɢ͵Ĺ⡣˿˿ƵʥϢ˳Ƥ˳壬ÿһϸ
ʱһһĹȥ˳˸һһİ׹⡣
ÿ˶ؿź˳
Ӧɶĺһʥ˻˳ϡ
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Ӧɶ˵Ѿˡ
һĨԵʧ¿ϸֳȻǱ顣
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һ㣬ʵѾܲˣΪǸ޷󣬺˳оܵ˶صˡ
˳۾ǲ졣
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ҡҡͷ˵˳³ǵӢۣŮӢۣѾ˲ˡ
˳ɬһЦûٳ
˵˳Һܺ棬־ʲô
˳ȥƺڻ䣬˵кܶ࣬ʵһһ㣬Ҳоżл굤ĳֵ֡ǣ־һħһֵңǵ
˳һ٣żʵʲô
˳ɫһЩ仯˵һӰһǿĺӰһ֣еֶڵأ֮ʱͻȻʧȥеݺݵײɡ룬ӦþЩֵ죬Ǹ³ǴѵԴͷ
һ֣ʧȥѵھԶԶѹ㣿
Ȼûжϳľ磬ϵǿ󡣶һʱҾһԺﱻ־⣬ȫû˵ȴΪ־ʹ־壬ҾȻҲħ־壬ǿЦ
ƶ˵ǻлˡ
ܰɡ˳ֻ̾һΣûаסǴλᣬʧˡ
ʵ㿴Ǹֵ𣿡
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ǡ¶Ϊ֮ɫ
Щ졣˵ȥΪŮӦÿ˷ܲŶԣΪʲôȻŸ
ʵŮôˣǲô˳ˣҺͰҲǡ˵ţƵں̶һ꣬۷ڣҪҸôһ㣬ʵսȴǿˡ˵аʥǵʤҪöࡣ
Ϊѵ˵ǲ㡣ֻǡֵ̫ˣҲܵ˺
˵Ůǵȫ԰ԺѡȲΪ˱ҺĳЩ˲ͬѳħߣʵҲȷȷЩ¡ЩûаѳħչߵģȴҲһάϵġ飬ħҪģŮĶֻ˳ġǳʲô飬Ů޹أŮȫ
ȴͷ϶ʱԵüΪ࣬תС˵룬һ롭
Ҳ֪ã¶˾ģʵû⣿
ݳӦɶһۣӦɶӦһͬĿ⡣
΢Цû⡣
Ǻðɣ첻ŮףˣǾȥ԰ɣ
Ůģǲʧġ
ţһҪעԼİȫǵİȫҪģ
ͬݵѡ֮󣬷ͻȻһǿҵ
Уǲȥ
һ㶡
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529 ¿ĵ
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˵ԭҲéٿ֪¿Ϊİ㡣ƺûжѹܹϵ˵ŲȻһ塣սʤһУͲκ⡣
˳ҪȥʱҲİٱ
˺ǲͬġҲ˵ұȺ˳෴ҵľҪһЩеʱĳЩ£ȫǿ˵ġҪǣ֪ҾͲİõĴź˳صǧ磬ѻˮеﲻܡ·ƽεκһ֮ʿΡοҺͰˡѡǣǵˡͬʱҲʹǶ¶ŲԹۣҼֱҵСŮǰɡ
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˹ˣ˵㲻˵̫໰㻹ûûˡݴϺ˳Ļ
˳һ˵ڿ㡣
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˳ٺ磬˵ŮȥɣС
΢ЦͶôģ㲻УȴУǲΪҪ
˳˵ѾˣֻҪܽ䣬ʱ񾳳Ŀܡɹˣҵøڳɾ֮ǰٴһĴһǲ򣬿Ǿ˭
ãڴһ졣
ûʲô˵ģֻҪСֳֵһ̣Ǹʧȥκ˲䡣ʵڶҪһеӳűʲôҪ
ħڵƻĻԲҡѾ϶Ǹú˳ʧȥ˲ǻ¡
˳۾΢΢һЦ㲻
תߵݺӦɶǰֱַֻǼϣ˵۽ǶŮӢۡڴҵĹ񣡡
ݺӦɶ콫ȭǰȹ
ֿһЩܽĿò٣ɹˣҽһݹزҶһ޶
ݰڰ֣˵ĲˣҲΪʲôرžȥֵġ
˵֪Ҫ£Ȼҵ᲻ġ㲻Ƿ飬ҲǷġǲӦңǾͲҪȥˡ
Σֻõͷ˵ðɣŮͰǷݹزҶһ޶׼ãһã
ףɹȻһЦ


ݺӦɶֻ³Ϣһҹڶֳˡȵİ£רƼȥ⣬ݺӦɶֱ־ˡ
ǹλãֵ˳ִ̽һЩϢŲҵȴΪҵõƤؼ¡еĿģҪֵħɾȻûƤŮ䣬ѵֵ־ͲͷһΣĪΪܵһ䣬γ˲ɣ
ݵĿĺȷֵħնɱŮһ̫ƽг
һۿʱΪԴĸоϣܳΪľ
ȻԺǲܻѡסġﲻãȫŮˣһס϶Ǻʵġ
һ磬ݾͺӦɶиոֳ³ǵĴţ㿴ԽϿٶȺ£
ӺܳסݺӦɶȥ·ЩȻףӢˬŮˣǹУһڵӡ
ݳȥֻ֮һûдףҲվھǰ档
̾һ˵¿ʲô˼
¿һУһѽɫУҲǹȥģ


530 Ů֮ŭ
е˲࣬ϡϡڴߵģҲһЩŹȵϸˡ¿֧ҲֻʮңʹԼڶʮ굽ʮ֮䣬Ƕûֵܵ䣬Ȼо綼ڻ굤
¿ڹܸߣԴ֣ϵһЩ˶ۼ˹һͷ׷Ƕû⣬ΪҲܵģеһԱʱϸȥŷ־ȻǸеġ
ݶʱΪĿۼĽ㡣
ܵ¿ͱ˵Ŀ⣬˵¿Ҫڰǡ
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ҿȥô𣿲õ˵ΪʲôͲأ
㲻еģݣֻңЩҲϣȥ¿ͻȻſԵİմ˲ǵˣǵѣҪȥ֣Ҫѧشһȥնħ
ԣȺжʱ󾪺
ʲôҪȥħ֣
ôУôʹã
ٷŭ³Ǿˣ࣬һҪסǺǶ⣬ǲҪȥˣ

¿˵ڿ˰ɣ
ݵͷ˵ˣҺ
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Щˣ˵¿͹ˡŮӦģΥŮ
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ҲΪŮãĲ

ͻȻЦˣɫȻָƽƫͷӦɶ˵ô˵ЩǣǸһΰǵĻᡣȴҲңҲҪæҪ¶ôˣ
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¿ͻȻ֣ǣǵģȥſڣǸˣҿҲײǣ
ԣȺжʱɧһЩյϰշسűȥ·лָһЩ붯
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ҪţȫеɳȥЩϰҲסֻǣ¿ΪסȻεİ취ˡ
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֣ڸʲô
ʮƬƴŮһ󳼴Ӱ߳һȥнˣɫûܵĻ굤͡
Ů˵굤٣Ͼһӵмʮ˿ڵĹңѡһ굤Ҳеġ
ݲ뵽Ҫһңɳһ񾳻ɳһ񾳣ҪΪСǧ׾ĺˡ׷ɱԼģЩǣϣĽ뺮̶ҪСǧӲȻĻŮһ޴ˡ
ݶŮĻǱȽĵģӦûôơ
پǿߣݻǻܵġ񾳣۷ڣҲעûжɹ٣Ժܶûп͸
ֳԶ׼ݲûн͡
ȴʱµۣͷׯڣͶ֮䣬һָ߸ϵʣÿ˵һ仰ܴܵѹȵ
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˵ѴӺ˳ֵ֪ĴѵóһЩ²⡣룬Щֵǿ󣬾Ϊ׵֣ҲδؾôǿҺͰȥˣԼĲԡȥĿ̫󣬶Һ׳޷ﵽõЧŮɣŮǿÿ˶ԼְǶȥˣʤˣŮҲԪˣֵá
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ûлش⣬Ƕʩ֣ص˵һ·Сģ


531 ֣Ӧɶ֮ء
գֵͨ;С
ϣݺӦɶվ
ķǳߴ֣Ǵ濴ȥݺӦɶˡ
˳С磬ֿɰŮҲҲĺùǸӣһ·;û
뻹Ӧɶ첻ŮˣȻôõһȴܼˣǲ̫˷ˣȺ¿ݾͷǳźŮȥ˴ǧ磬֪жΪߵ
ϧŮ˶ûС
΢ЦŮƯҲкܶأ
ҲǡԸܿʣǶŷֺǺǵӣڹҵĴѾӣǱֹ۵̬
ŮŮŮˡʱǶֻ࣬ڿˡ
Ůȷ࡭ͻȻ˻ĲԾæ˵˵ʲôˣʲô˼
վǰ棬һ޴Ķƣеķ綼ڵס
ǰǲ֪һֱǳֹϲûгΪ࣬ڵŮҲûΪŮʱ򣬲֪жٹȥ׷ࡣŮλҶ֪ԭһԣ׷Ů˾ͶͷԴӺ˳ǸŮĺͱˡ˭ó˺˳Ȼϲˡ
ݱЩ˵ͷתģһʱԴתˣӦɶ
Ӧɶʵܹ׵ģ
˵ȻܡôӼҹӣҳ׵磬ҵҪСʮ꣬ڶأ
ݺӦɶεˡ
ӣкӣ
Щֵ̿ʵ˵סŮ˺Ů˳ף
԰ڼﶼɷ򡣡
ݶͷߣ˵ðɣɾôӣ
˵֪棬һƬ֣ÿһ궼һιҪӵļͥͿ룬ȡеӳͻ껳ϺӡϧǣѱħռݣʣµҲˡǲЩħϳ֣ŮԺ޺ˡ
ԣݺӦɶȻԭǻŮ˷ܵģȫˡǰȴû뵽ϻĹӣ˭˭С
ЩҲԽᶨҪħնɱɾľġõƤʲôãû˷봫УŮֻܳŶꣿ
⣬α꣬һҪα
ˣˡݰƽ䡣
ֵܣлˣݶ˸
ƺԼԵúܿģݻȭͷǰô˵һҪƽǷȥҼҳԷǿҵĹŮ
ţһصͷȻ䣬һĨӿͷЩСǧˣȻҲʹǧһйĶǣΪ˸ĶȴҪȴǧ﴾ӵöࡣ
ɽøУмҵĸоػɽɽĺ档⻹ΪݰɽǾ
Сǲ죬㲻˱¶еΪɱع٣ع٣Ϊݿ˼仹о
ŮŮŮ˹Ĵӣػڴıǿҡ
һ̵ѲΪ˳ħҲΪ˱֮ΪеǰС
ʲôӣ˼ܻ氮
˼䣬Ҳͬо


һ뵵ɫеĵطŨеĵطЩŨܵĵطԼָǿʵʵ
Ů˶ԣȴ޷ʲô˺
ݶʵ̫ϤˡܱߵʱܱǴͨٻɸѡѵһ֧ÿһ븡ռ䣬ָܸܵ
Щ˵ֱСơҲݸֵԭиֵʱκκβȻˣԸҲĵá
Ӧɶ챾ʹһķҪӳϣȴݾܾҪһЩֻӦɶӳһ򵥵ķֹ벻͵Ϯ
Ȼ֣ݺӦɶ춼͵Ŀ洩Խһɫݸҿ϶ԭòһǷǳ׳ۡŮЩܵŮӣԭĹȴΪվʧӡֻҪһǾͻָഺҲܻصȥӡ
һ·ϣֲϣʱʱϮʱһȺֵΧˣӦɶɽϾЩ֣඼оżһЩ굤굤ȴһûУ񾳵ݸɲвҲѹ֮ǰ˳ɵľҵֻڹǰܡ
ݺɵȥۿɻɱֵĻ棬¿ǲôݵˡ
һȫѹԵսݵľһֱڿ״̬Ͳ֪ʱŵжô졣ֱ֣䲻֪ҹڲ֪֮䣬ʱʵѾȥ졣
ʱ䣬ֻ¡ǰɱ֡ǰɱ֣
Ϊֵľ粻ߣһ굤Ķûгֹձ鶼ҪӦɶ͡żӦɶսλãʵսӦɶ첻ɱˣǾɱϰݺܸжǣӦɶ᲻ɱ
ЩĿֶãսʤκһУܹ񱩵ЩΰСЩɰʱӦɶЩ²ȥˡܸһЩַ͵ϮĻᣬ˿ȥΣյ顣Ӧɶ˫رһԼʥݣҲûб˵
һδεսһԼнһֵĹݣӦɶҲ𽥱üӲЩףսϣԵʴȾǶԼԼĶѲ̡ȻѡսǾҪսʤԷɱԷΪĿģܱ֤յʤ
ӦɶûйôսСǧ֣Ϊȡʵսĵط
ľݺսħͷģǴģ
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Ǻ͸սʱһߵúСġ
ܹʵǿĶ֣ΪץסԷкͷʱᣬʤǿ᷸Ĵ¼ĴħͷҪͣҲġ
Ҳ֪ʱǰ컹Ǻҹֻǰŵ߽ɢЩֳһøߴ׳
ܱʮûκľ·ʮ֮ؾԼСܴ֣ʮ˶ԺϱܸߣߵΧڸͿڡÿ䶼ֵģǴôϸܵһ˿˿Զĳ¾֮⡣
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ʮף
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532 ֵ
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ֲͨʡݾʣ֪֪оѡʱ˿̣Ǻݺ˦ͷüֹͣļж޷Լ
ͻȻʶԼºͺ˳һ˵˵ĳֹĻ
һ̣һߴĺӰӲĳѹȥ
֪Ǻ˳˵Ǹ죡
ӦɶݵûбʻУڱͷԵͬʱάжæʹʥΪݼӳ֣һѾ̫٣ǺӰٶ̫죬ȫǰײݡ
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ӰһƷ·ս֣ÿǰһһֵضɽҡ𶯸С
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ο˵ѾˣͲҪپˡܶ飬벻ġͺһǰǣ˭õ룿
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ҪһҪĻ飬ǵȻ˵Ҳ㡣

Ƿǳһһ˵ĺȻеĹâסǳ˯ܱɿϵ֣ߵݵǰ˵һҾǵĻ룬캦ҾŮ䣬ȴǲò£ҵĿԡ
ʵʲôԣ־Ϊ˽ġطˣҲߣôͰ½ɡ
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ҵȴάϵǵȻĻǶġ
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㲻Ҹھ͸㣬ԭɡ
ܱһӣʱϳ׮ʾݺӦɶ£ȻԼҲ¡죬ȻȻѰֵļҡ
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533 ܱΰĿ
ܱͻȻһ٣Ūݷǳš
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߰ɣŮǻܿ࣬һЩ飬Ǿͻһݿࡣܱ֧һ꣬Ҳϣܹ£СǧǡǵĿģȴҲܱʹЭһȥɰɣ
ܺһβսĳȣܱᶨսȭͷ
Ƕħħʲôħ㾡ȫʧҲ޺
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534 ħ
ûпһ
ԭҳڿȥһÿɸߵͨľ֧кܶ࣬Ҷ䣬ͺͺģ֦Χɢһֻֻݵħצ
߽֣ݸܵĲĵ㡣һִͨĹص֡
ܱ£ݺӦɶȥܿͿһ߸еĸ

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ȿܱҪ֪СܱЩĻ飬ڤڶɴҲͬĻ顣ݾ񿴼ʧɢֵܰ㣬޲ſӵȥ
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ħȻڲһٴһ㣬ͻᱻƵĸо
һƬڰ֮УֲָͿħģλá

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Ҳ֪ڵĺڰϢɢĺڰɢǰͻȻͻȻǳ
ʱڵһɫţ뵵ĺð·ڷб任̬ݿһԴһԺɫ絶аĸ첲һѪɫ۾
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ݵжʮ׼ȷħٶȻ죬Ҳܿ񱩣ȷֻǰͣ£ûгˡ
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ܱܿħĿ⣬ƺȥ۾£ȴһ㶼η壬Һӡ
ܱ룬˵ûɱ⣬Ҳûʹ֮Ȼ˽ľӣݿ϶ҲǳԲ
ȴ֪ݴʱ뷨ڸʱݾӦ֮ߡħ֮ԸϽ븡ռ䡣ݷָʱڸռ֮У͸ռȻϡݵĸռѻ񣬺ҲǳϡҪռ䣬ֻһͷ¡һħҲڸռˡʱ򣬾Ͳ֪ħУħݵĸռ֮Сô˭ʤ˭˭ƣ治˵
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˵ʱħ˿棬ҹϢҲϴ˶ʮɣȻ񾳻ͣҼΪСǧ磬СǧбɵĿܣ꣬ҲɾͲҲħңȻ˸ٶȺֹʮ۷ڣ˽ʱ㣬һ꣬Ҿܳɾ񡣿Ļ꣬пһ£
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ħ˵Ϊ磿ⶼԼĶ塣һȺ˳Ϊ˽磬һȺΪ磬һȺΪڤ磬һȺɳΪɽ磬һȺħΪħ硣ôһȺԨħԳΪԨ磬һȺħ޿ԳΪ磬һȺһɲͬˣǿԳԼȺΪ硣磬ɷ磬磬ڵ˽粻ǳһѪҲԳԼΪѪ硣
㿴ǴǧеСǧ硣һǧУ֪жٸСǧ磬ҲÿСǧиԲͬĽ硣˵羿жٽ磿Ҫ⣬ʵû塣
ݵ˵ͷ˵̡ܽ
˵ţ֣Ƶķʽ˵ûˡǿԿʼˡ
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ħ˵ĿĲΪ˽ͷΪЩʩӵ𣿡
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ЩܺýֻҪ뿪ֵħֵĹָһоͶˡ
ʵԸ뿪Сǧ磿
ȻԸ⡣Ҳ뿪
ݾʵռǻǵôһҾ򲻹㣬ƴҲ䵽С
ħ˵ˡ˵Ҳ뿪Ҫռϣ㲻ͷܶ£ѵԸң
ʲôݾЩЩ˼ʵҪ㣿


535 ҵ룬ǵ롣
ħкҵ˸²ںڰУҲҫۡ˵ͷڼǸµһ˵ʲôδܳɹĻҾǸµһħδħ£
ݻûдӦħȻ˫۽棬ݵͷ֣ص˵Ը׷ɱˣŻ𡭡
ȣȵȣȵȡæֹ˵˵ĸħͷƵĺò
ӦҵɣҵħħҲǶ˵ĻֻǿһۣҾ֪ʵеԼһѿͨ棬ɢһЩ͵ԶŵϢĹŽľڣȻھϱҵͣЩսʤҡҵħҲ֮սȻܾˡ㲻ᱻݻ١Ǹݻ˶ϧ
ħ¶ĳԡ
˵ħܱȥ˵֪ͷڿҪҪԱ굤ͬھҲ⼸ͺ˶ϣֹɵ¡ʼվͷܲǸˣҲܻͶһֱڴ˵ĳ֣û뵽ҵȵˡ
ܱôʲô֪û˵
ħ˵û˵ſ´˯ʱҽξ
ܱŭˣȵɧţ
û취˭أ֮ﲻˡҪɾȻ۷ڣٿİɹ٣ٰûİҾһ꣬δػᣡҾᣬҲδܰס㲻ûᱻٸݻ٣֮ͷΪһաԡǱңңҲߡҪǾɱңħҲߣ

ݺܱ֮ǰ£ħֵĻ棬ȴûϵħȻһԸ񡣶ݸоħ˽ҪǿܱǣֻС˽һЩļֵԼҪԡ
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ݺܱܲ裿Ҫ֪һ۷ڵħﰡʱܳɾǿ߰ħӦݿԼ£ʩչȨ֮ƾǰ˵λø㶼ԡĻŷ߼뵱ֵĻ굤ˣֻǽ꾳ʱݶǺƴ״ս󼸾ŰֽڣħȻͶ޴ķǲò֮ġ
ħݣȴľȴû˵ʲô
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΢ЦħܴͬҲ֪ҲɵӡҾΪͨõܰҲܰңҲҪְǽҲãǺҲգԸ⡣
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539 ضһ޶
ȵ޹ܻҲܰۺɫװγСŮϢůɫĴͱ˺ߡҲֻʶȲҲֻһʮŮ˶ѡ
ŮĻûˣҲûȢޣǻƻŮ
޹һֻˡȼȻѾˣݾ͵ð˽¸һˡЩֲ䷳ǰݻᣬֻӦɶӦǡӦɶĽҪԸҲѾ㹻
ΪλȱͬҪܶࡣΪҲҪͬ˳ࡣֻʮ꣬С꣬ǰһ㶼ҲĸоܾʮкǰԼŮҲǽ㣬һСŮˡ
ŮʱѾܳˣһŮʣоֹڲ¶һŮ
ͷųҵĻ飬սʧɢ䵽ͷ䣬ΪħСǧʣʵڰǡǸħʵҲһһҪõĴӡħɱûʲôħ˵ҲǺܻӴԺͻߣ뿪Բ˺ǡŮİɣֵѾˡ
渵˼
ϣŮܹ⡣棬ͻҪŮľһˡŮ⣬ǿ϶ǲġ
ðɣͺãħûʲôϵֻҪ»ˡ
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ݴӸռóϰٿħ絤裬ǿħ鵤
Ϊ˱Ǹ⣬ħԼһĻ굤ȫóˡ
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֮ǰɫһֱƽݵĻѾ֪Ůѵ׾ħħڳΪݵ£ȶҲǼΪҪһܵĻ굤һֺкظУҲǲΪȻǻ굤ʣ۾ʱ
ȶħ鵤ݣ˵ŵ裬ҳɾ񣿶һϵģ
ݵͷħ鵤ĹЧѾӦɶܱϼʶˣǵȷͼӰġǵģ
ƽǸǳˣϲŭֲɫҲ߱رʡڣȴ˿ϵ˷֮顣
Ҫ֪Ů񾳻ͣҲǾٹǰĸ֡һλλǰ۷ڡڲŶʮ꣬Ǳ굤ֻҪƿͻȻôλʱҪɾӦò£Ҫ۷ڣƼ¼ΪŮһ񾳹ǾǷǳѵˡΪɾͱ굤Ҳꡣ
Ͼͳɾ񣬶ʮͳɾλʱ񾳵Ļͼ󰡣ŮȻ粻ŨΪһ񾳹омΪҫ۵һţʷԸĹ˵һǳֵý¡
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ȶħ鵤ǳС
ȱϾ˼֮ˣʵôõĶԼðɡ
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صͷĵ˹ȥ˵Щ裬൱ڴǧǻ굤ģԾкܴİħ˵һٸоͳɾͻ굤
ԣȸ˷ˣ˵һݴ̫Ĵ¿ȥɾͱ굤ڻǱ굤ڣǳ裬Ȼħ鵤һɾ񣬵϶ҲڻߺڣպɾҲмİݣҸлħ˵Ҳ
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ʱͷһƬհףԺȫȳӡò˵ȵǳ˫壬Эı̣ͦ͸ϸ弡ֻǴؿһۣҲǡ
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ʲôҪ룬ʲôҪȥǣﹲһҹݣҰԶɡ


540 Զסһҹ
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ʱˡҹڵ̫ǽ˶ʮͿҰȫͷ˳Եʱûд˯УһݷĻ档
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һ̣һڰͻȻ
ħںڰ
Сһүүʰǣ


542 ֣սᡣ
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һֽ֣˾ͱֳǿĬݺӦɶĬϡ棬˳ȻҲޱĬҪ֪˳ɴûкǺ
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ΪŴ֮ףݵõĴУҲǾŴ֮ףҲȷȷҪ˸е⵽еһЩ衣ʱֻһ̵Ļͷӳ˼õЧ
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ڼСôңңЩСЩɥС鸴ӵ
û𵶣һбСҵκֶΣĨɱ㣡
ݣȥɣžŹžŹһžŹ


546 ǿʥʥԣ
ڻĮһ֣ں̶Ͻһ֣Ѿ֪ʹóѪ𵶵ʱĻǡսᵶСʱĻ⡰žŹ
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˵˵ûôױɱ˭ʤ˭˵
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˵ͬʱһıڶ𣬷·˶ȼһһǿΪ˷ͷųУһֳԶźزҼǿҵаħ֮Ϣɢȥؼһ֮
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Գ޾ɱ⣬ŰСڹгݷȥ
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547 ɧ
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548 
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ȣݺӦɶᣬûЦǣҲûΪǣȥˡ
ֻȺڼһӣݵЩ顣
֪Ȼһǳ̵Ůˣ¿ͺ˳ôۣٻЩӰġϾ¿һŮĺӣܵõҸ˵һִֻ̼һţȲû˶ʧ̬αװֵļá
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Ҫˣҵ־ͬϵˣƶ˵˵ͶѪֻͳѩħ˧˵ѪĸҲûѪ壬˵ʵǲϣѪġ⣬壬ǶǷѪдӻʹߵС壬϶ҲҪɱеģҪסڰ־֮ͬʿѪ࿹⣡
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˵Ǹ̶񾳻˵ǼõĶ츣أɷ֮ǳ㣬޳۷кܴİҪ񾳣ȥѰ֮أ
ԣ˳һ㶣ȻסݵļϺݺһģȭлֵѣ


549 УȪӡ
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550 ҵʳ
ʬһɣԴܴͬʨӰëɱ֫ǺһƤ⡣ʬ̬ǿʼˣֻⶼʬĸ⣬ѵ·ͻῴಢĵطǳɳħ״̬ǾƤˡеĺõħ˽˻Ҫÿ
һɳǲ棬һɢâĹڤǳԻǡֻǳʱͳڤں;̫Կʱڤֵ췭ظڤ˼ԱħĴ󽫲ŽƷ
֪һǧ죬Ȼٴͻ𣬳ɳΪʬڤųԾǳΪǼпܵ¡
ھ̫ڤһǣʱڤҪȡѡ۾̫濪ô˵ڤûкڤ֪ȥ˾̫ǱߣԼֻòʧԼԦҲȥ
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Ѫħ䣡

·Զž޵ѷһŭҺͻȻɲһ״ѪƤƤѿһСҺƤһ㽫޲ƤĴƤƤһƣ޶ʱ˳ֳԭΡ
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ħķӦǳ죬жҲΪϣȻѪħûзκι£С
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ֱ龪һ
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ȻѪħѾħˣݾͰﲻʲôæˣתճǶźѾԼͷˡ
ݶ˵¸ŵħսѪħæԾ𣬼վִꪶ
һЩ嫵ʱͷųǿҵĹâźƶħ֮ࡣ
ĵĽ֪ԿѪмá
Ѿ϶Ѫ˾ħǲݴؼаħ
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ݺĵǳսûиӮþûôɡӦɶʥԼļӳʮս裬ûиѹסģܻӮ
ͻʵڹؼʱ򷢻ӳҪá
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һ̣ݻӳսꪣбĹ⣬սɣ
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УһƬѪɫ
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ȻӦɶ˵Ļ˵ݵ⡣
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ɱ
ݶԻзǳߵԣڻ͡ѹʱѾжϳ˻ۣʹɱΪɱˣֱȥݻǸۡ
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ЩһǳɵʱݻʾӦɶʩӡʥԡʩӵʱҲǡô
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̤ϻ֮·ھûͣսνǽҴ󲿷ֶǱǿȥ޷սʤĶ֡Ψɽʱͣһ꣬һȻսϡÿζܻΪġÿһս󣬶ܻñľ飬ʵʵ
սսսҲսƺսõľࡣνӿƽʵǶǻۺͶԹעһĿ顣ΪÿһʹȥҪǿΪŲǻ֮νӾͺܳ⡣
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556 ɶսս
񾳻֮ͣǰʮ굤ͣݵʿѾȫ˿ܵս״̬ʱ״̬ǰٷְ٣ǰٷ֮٣
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սɣսɣݵڷźʱԺֻ֡
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һʮ飡
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֮ʮ֧һţûƣúһҡ
ʱݸоеɷ֮Ѿʧˡ񾳻֮⣬Ѿû񾳻͡ǿȥܶ࣬󲿷ֶǻ굤չֳԼֶιҲ˾޴ѹ
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û뵽˾ȻôѪǰ˵޵УǻΪȻΪľ粢ߡڿǿۡĶ֣һ죬ԽӲöԸǵЩǡ
ϸһ룬Ҳֻʺ϶Ը㡣ȫף֪첻¡׸磬Ȼܶ޼µȥ֣δػ֡ѩһǸʼѪˣҲо飬Ҫɱ㣬ҲǼٵġĹͰһ쵽̸֪˵ûйڿʵҪץס㻹Щѡ棬עҵĲˣ
ݽջȥбսꪣ׵ǣ
Ѫξٰԡ
ԭһݴصˡ
ҶѪ۱µӹɵġȻˣߣ
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รξٰ˵ѵͶҲԡͶҲɱ㣬ȥѪ۱·䡣
˵ûߣѵͶѵûеˣ
ξٰ˵ûпԸѡĵ·
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ξٰ˫һִǹøȻͷǹͷϲȥγһǹģ
Ӧɶüͷòɵ˵ѪأҿĲʣֱѪ۶ɵġ
Ӧɶǳµȫȷ
ξٰǹһֱǳѪ½ѪǹŵѪǹĹ˵ѪǹûбͿݴѪǹ㲻ʲôˡڳѪγֱ֮óѪĵξٰ
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ξٰ˵ǿսֹһ㣡
Ȼиսꪣ޸׶Σܷӳȫ
ξٰԵȴʵʵڵİǻ

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ˣıսꪡҵıɳѪĵ۶ɣԻɡǰǻѾˣΪǻĿܣɱΪҲϣģͿ˭ıһЩ
ǰǻ飬ֻҪݻ٣Ϊǻ嶤£һпܳΪǵȷкսһָµʸ
ξٰⷬǿʵʵʵڻ
ȥͲһˣԳУȻֻ񾳣ûһ˿СĿ⿴ݣһ־ͼıɼǳһս᷸еĴ
Խˣ˵Խѡ
ѾԼǿˣǻƴȫԼԼûʲôʤ㡣
֪һ㣬ȻӱܣӱҲӱܲ񾳻͵ͨ񾳻Ƥӵߡ
Ψһս
ݽżڸһ㣬ȳξٰɱ˹ȥ
ɱ
꣡
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֪ԼġɱԼлеɱǿĻҲԹǿߣҲЩǿߺܲùξٰԿȥֻʹһܼ򵥵Ļƾ֮ɱסˡ
ʵ̫˼ˡ
ɸǹðһƷ·ҺĹâƺˣǰǻɵڡ
Ҵģξٰıһᵲôɡ
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ɱ
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һĶòһֻҲһͨһ츳˵һֺΪҪﵽĳ̶ȣ˵ﵽôߵľġʱ򣬲ǻʱҲ򲻵ʱҲ
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СһֻֻȦһֻд֣ͬʱСͬʱʹֱͬʱòͬıʹֻǾͲǻȦдˡ
ҪһĶյǳĲΡ
ݣȻˣ
ʮǳʺϽս֧ξٰʹĻƫƫʱɱҲ뱬ξٰ˼Ӱ졣
һ̣ξٰԵﶼ¶һ˿š
Ϊȫû뵽


557 ɱ
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ݼΪ߶˵һĶξٰϵʱξٰеġɡ˷Ӧ·ڿŰǻһͷųһһֲƴξٰͷųȥһǿ壬Ȼ·۳ʵʵĻ㣬Χ崩һΪι̵ס
ݵġʮֻ޼ѧ˸ƤëȻľҲǿ˲٣ҲֻʹʮΪ潣Ҫ߶ԽȻı׼ȻʹáʮԭҲҪΪ˰ɸ𿪣⽣˺ξٰԡ
Ҫξٰɽģǡɱ
ξٰȻݴ˸ֲǻȴáʮ͡ɱûжξٰԹв
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ϧǣĿǰھˣݵǳ
ɱɱǿĻѾǵڶαξٰɵˡа룬ɱ޷ξٰԹвԼʲôֶƵķ
ξٰ룬ʹơ͡ʮ䡱ЩԶֶ̹ξٰȴûٿʶӡͻȻ֣Լһֱǿս衱ȴƺˡɱĴڡ
Ҫ֪ս衱ȻɱҲǷǳϬĻ
ּӳߵӡڡɱ棬ǰ㣬ڵġɱǼӳʮӡˡ
ڽɱ˼Ρ
ݰξٰ񾳣ԼĲһС磬Ҷڻ֮УôʮӡֲʹɱвˡǰǱҪкʵĻᡣûʹɱѰһᣬҪξٰһ
һĶξٰ龪һݽŵһըͷų֮ΪŨңʹϬĻҪΪ
Ѫǹ
ξٰԽǹɸ߾գȻ͵ؿ¡ɾ⿳ĶʱͬʧнѪӰÿѪӰжһɫǹӰ
ǹƴӲͬķλݷ
ξٰչֳƺȫܹɱݵĿܣǷ·ʵʵѪѪӰµǿ֮ݴѹ
ΣֻýѹԻѹΧĿռ䣬ȻܽѪǹȫѹ촷ۣȴܼǵٶܡؼʱ̣Ѻܱ֣ͨݱڻС
ͭǽڣ
굤ܱٴʩչͭǽڡǰĸоǴΪͬڵȫܵס񾳻͵ȫһȺ˳Ҳ˶١ڵǣξٰ񾳻ͣô˵ǵסξٰһġɡѪǹĹѱѹĥܣٻڡͭǽڡϣֻǰѻݻ٣ȴû˺ܱ塣
ָҪһһϰѵ͵ϮҲɣܱסԼĻξٰ˵
΢Цϲܣҿ֡
ξٰЦݣѪ۱´Ѫ½ҶǳϤʱ֮ӣ㶷ġ˵ʵҲӣȰ㻹Ͷһ𹲸һҵ
ŴžȻˣˣ㻹Ǿ𰡣һ˵ҵʲôҵѾݴرаħ֮أʲô񶾵ĹУ˵ʱ֮ӣҾò׼ȷӦǰѪ½ĸ֡ԭ֮ӣݴأǣҲ䣡
ξٰԷǳάе˵Щŭˣȵ˵ʲô䣿ǾŴˣһȵǰСҲδĶ֣
룬ξٰǸʵˣ˵ûʵݵĿ˵С嶼ˣѵز
Ҫ֪Сǳĳǿ߰ɰ
һǰʲô񾳳ڡ
תһ룬Źȥһʱ䣬ѵʹ񾳿Խˣ
ܣ
ԼţŵٶȺзȨΪܡ
֮·ԽϾԽѣвҪɫ츳ڵĺˮҪжԣ츳ˮˣȴ̫ȱ
񾳵νݴ½ļߵ㣬ﵽˣûмʵĳ֮·Ļۣôöɹ٣ɾλģ


558 ụ̆
ξٰ˵Ǽ˳ѪĵȷкͳѪһսǵȷС嶼ܳ
Ҫ֪ѪĿɺ͵ϺǿߵġһĵǣԸѪֲֻһԵġЩõˣܹġ˼ĻʱԽԽѪķԽԽǿ
óѪĳ׳ʮ꣬Ѫǿʲôزָǿʲôز
Ѫʮɷһ۷ǿ˰ɣѪĵ綼ѹס˰ɣ
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ԶݶԣԽ罫ѪԽá
ǵ׳ǳѪ뽫ԽѣֱΪɵ
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ξٰ̾ϢšϧǣǲͶҷľˡ
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ԱϣΧĻ·ȼɢͬṴ̃Ϣ
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ӳʮӡġս衱񾳶ɱݾξٰԱҪҲһܸ޴в
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ʽСĶԴɣĬĶСֹǰȻſֱۣ졣
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Щɫ粢£ǲͬƬҲٶȺΣԼͬĳɻȥڸɳһ
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޾ΪսϵʱƺҵԼһСءЩɫ粻ͣĸɳܣСԽԽ㣬ƺҪΪ㹻޾ͥĴء
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־棬ݾξٰԡڻ棬ξٰ񾳣϶ҪݶһЩ
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ǡŭ͡ս衱һ޵а㣬ռսأγȫͬƴԿƴɱ
ǻĵĻ֪˱̬ĻҲʹáս衱ΣĻʱԽãĵĻԽࡣ
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˶ܼͦ˭ҲԸ
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ܱݵ뿪Ӧɶߣ˵ĸҵĻ͸һλᣬܹƵξٰԵķһɱĻᡣ
ֻܱǱ굤˵Ƶǿߵķȷһܺŵ顣
Ӧɶ첻ʵƵķôƣ
ܱ̹ϵ˵һлΪǿĻڱ굤ǰҸû㹻Ļʹ³ɾ˱굤ֻҪͷųһΣҲὫеĻľȻұľ̫ͣҲ޷ƳξٰԵķڣȴõʱξٰںעԼʹ÷򶼺ܼУټҸղŶļ͵ϮʧܣԼķѾ൱šֻһų͵סҵ
Ӧɶˣܱѹ׵Ķˡ
֪֮û˵ԼܹɱξٰԣֻƳķΪȡɱξٰԵĻᡣ
Ҫ˼ǣӦɶʵ
ܱ˵ҪĸΪҼӳһʥԡξٰǳǿʹҪಫģôҺײ֮ǰҪ뵽ǰǻȻҪ͸ǲųҲǵıûпܱʱˣǾͲˡʥΪҼܵһ˺ҾķŵһˡҲ֪ĸлֻʹʥԡ֮ǰʹһΣҪʹһεĻǾֻʹһˡԡ
Ӧɶն˵˵ˣ졣
ӦɶĹܱӦ͸оһʥĹâѽԼԼ·ڳŨʥϢ֮УͻȻüΪͨ͸âᵽʥԡʩϵĸоͻȻʥµΪҲмİ
ܱ֪ʥԡʱܶݣǲٶ˵һ˫۾ضſеξٰԣǰ㣬Ʒ·צӿڵϣ˫֧ţһ·Ҫгȥӡ
飡
һ졣
һ̣ܱͬһڵ㳯гȥȥһһžڵ
ụ̆
ת˲䣬ܱʹˡŭɵУų飬ݺݵײξٰԵϡ
ͻһĻξٰԴֲȣΪ޴ĳܵ˺
һ̣ͺܱõһʱı죬ֹͣս衱ĳΪһâξٰԡ
ɱ
֮ǰġɱǼӳʮӡġɱ


559 ʵľ޴
ڡʥԡı£ԭܻᱻŭʹų˺ܱͦ˹ġŭ̡ƵξٰԵķξٰȫȫ¶ǰһܵ˾޴𵴣˶ݵѣΡݼܰʱķʩչӳʮӡġɱ
ֱһξϣһܷ·Ϭһ㣬ÿһͷŵʱôǡô
εаΣӦɶΪܱʩӡʥԡǶܱΡ˭֪Ӧɶں˾ݣġʥԡ϶ǸŵģĿǰĸɾҲֻʩչΣܱһΣζһΣû˿ԥǶܱľΡܱʱðյľ˵Ϊսʤϧľ񡣾ӦɶܱΪʱݹϾȻӦԣԼŵɱ˳
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ϡ棬˵ϡ棬ѧ˷Ҳʹá壬оʱҲʹ
ǣϡ棬Ҳϡ棬ˡҲ˵ǲҪκλȫȫ񾳵Ļ۶ɵķ˵ѾԼΪһԵһʱĸ壬Է״̬ս߰һЩ顣
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ξٰԲٹߣæȥסˣȻ֮ϣȵ죡
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ξٰΪﲻ֪ϵԼ廤סݣĸһ֡
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ֱӦɶѾԶȫ˿վξٰ΢΢һݣ˵лȫҼˣǷġ
ǰˡξٰԵＫΪͣҲû˺ֻתȥ
ǡҾȸˡЦݣߡ
ξٰԱ룬ڰ֣һƬ֮ɫ
ֱߺһξٰѪ˲˵ˣôֵܣҺɱˣôߣ
ξٰԱ۾ô죿ЮҲòߡ
ΪҪŮôӣѵˣ˹𣿡ξٰԴݵҺǰɷѾˣں˵ֻһϵ͵ѪɷԸ߲ĺܶ鶼̫ѡʱξٰ˵ЩһܶģξٰһӡϣлõξٰԵʶΡ
ƨξٰԶʱŭһǸëСӣ
ȻΪأѪɷתת˵ˣΪ˵Ѿɹ٣оߵһȻҲֻǱôһѡ
ξٰԲм˵ƨ֪Ļ١
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ξٰȻû˵Եײҥԣէһȥʱ泩Ϊܡʹµļ򣬴Цĺ˼˼ˣҥԿԶഫȫ԰һЦֵû˵˵࿪ģ
ǣǣ
Ҿ͸ɣΪʲôôӣһΪΪξٰ˵ҪЩƽû¹ʲôˣٵСˣҶмڳѩȻǱǻ˺ᡣһҾûˣ
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ѪɷóݵĿ⿴ξٰԣ̾˵˿ƴʵȴǴϸֱһӢ
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лˣ


ڤ硣
޵һխܳĺˮͬѪһĺɫɢһֹĳζģԿһЩ״ĳ϶ζѪһĺˮʱɸָÿһ鶼ǿ־ʹ࣬·Щɥˡ
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޼˵ֱû˭ԸȵĶӦζһ㡣ζôŪĺÿһЩζһЩȻƭǺȥ
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㲻ħһΪʲôνĲڤҵͷŹ㣬ΪħҺɱ㣬ҾΪħԶˡ
һ𣬾Ȫӡôǿ󣿡
޼ɵͷ΢Цǿ㲻󡣡
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κӣţţһ֮󣬶Ϊʷ


562 
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ննǹȥСʱүүүүүүںСʱ򣬾˵ŵĴ˵ôţһȥˡôáննĹȥѵѡ
޼ϽȻִŵصĳ̶ȣһˡĽˣҲӲԵʹЩСǶ΢㣬һʽնҲǶֱȽǿʽĩնڵǸݶֵصʹýС
ѡǳȷԸŷḻȥˣնĹȥȷõѡ
ȻԶصĸоסźŵԺ㸡ֳļƬΣȻЩƬѸٵıնɷĩǿֵĻĵģʹ಻ѡΪǼ۱һ֣ܱ׸᣿
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ղźŽ֣ʹ˽նɱѳΪ󣬽̻һķֻ׶Σһ׶κֳֻܷһڶ׶ηǳǿΪһһжٽжٷȻڶ׶οɲôɵġ
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Ȫ⣡


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޼ڤ紳ãõ˹̫үүҵ̫үүȥɽ硣Ȼ̫Լڤڤƽƽ໥ƺ⣬õ˻Ȫ͵ĳƺšȻҲõϵش
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ݵҿǰʵڵֵܣ̫ĳΪ˳λ̳ˣؽڴˣѾ׽ٵֻŽ볤෽Ȩ£ΣΪ˻ʡһΪϣ䡣ŴȥְλҲ꣬Ǻβ˼ģһԿ¡
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дˡ
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