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һ ת
żþƷߵȴʦĴС


1 
ƹΪ뱱ıȽϽ춼ҪްڣȴǼ伫Ķ졣
Դ˿̲ǴԹ󣬻ͨƽ񣬶ͳͳԼҵĿ¯ߣů¯û˻ԸôĶȥ
֮һżҵ¶䳡ڣȴһ龰
ֻ˿̵䳡ڣۼٶŮСֻ߰꣬Ҳֻʮѡ
ָ״Сѩţ̹ǵĺ绹ڹţЩȴӰ첻ڳٶɫϽŮ
죬ǹżһһȲȼӣֱϵû֧ϵãɨصۣǰμӲԣ
ʱ޴䳡ڣһԴ˻ƵȴĴڳÿһŮǵĶ档
ֻǵǰվ߰λˣһλһ̵վЩ˵ǰ棬Ȼոպıһλˡ
شҶѾϤˣһҪصһ¸λ
ӥ˫һɨȫûκһ˵עԼ󣬲ĵ˵ͷ˶٣漴˵䣬ֻҪﵽߣ۽ֱӿԳΪ֧ϵӵܣ֧ϵӵֱܻϵӵܣÿ˽һԴ
˸ոһ˵꣬ŮǱ㲻¶Բͬ顣
ЩվǰŵģڵἰһԴмһˣûʲô仯
ЩվŵһִﵽȼģһԴĽɶ¶˿ĵЦݡ
һŵģһһԴĽе¶ϲ飬Щȴį
ǰŵģǹżҵֱϵӵܣÿÿ¶õ巢ŵļԴҲôںһԴ
վŵģǹżҵ֧ϵӵܣÿÿ¶ֻڼõСʱԴһԴΪ˵ε˵һԴﵽ˵ȼҪĻ˵ġ
ŵŮȴǹżҵۡ
еһǹ¶еǴǸĸʼǹżҵۣһǹżҵۣԴһǵ۵ݡ
ǵʵʮ֮ǰûκεĽչĻǲǾֻһӵˡ
֧ϵÿÿ¶ֻڼһԴǾ͸Ӳ˵Щˡ⹱ףûһһ졣
ҲΪʲôЩﵽ˵ȼһһԴĽ˿ĵԭˡ
ԴһּµԴԵף
˵㹻ԴԹգһ⣬˵ɱȵ˻ĻǾͱʾ
ԣ
ףһԴǡ
ʱվŵһԼʮҵۣһԴĽɬһЦ
Ŀߴֻһңɫ˿ɫȻӪ䲻ɵġһ˫۾ǳʱҲǿɬ
ʮˣĶ׶ѣǸ۹ң꣬ȴ׵Ϊˣң
ŷ΢΢̾һ˵įɬ
һ¶Ӥʱڣ㱻żҵһִһСɽм񵽣ȡΪŷ塣꿪ʼΪ˹żҵۣһֱڵʮ꣬Ѿаˡ
ÿһ꣬μһһȵĲԣȻÿһ꣬ʧ顣
һΣȴһβԡΪ죬ʮˡ
βԻûе׵ĻһӣҲͲֻˡ
Ϊ˭ͷʮ棬Լıʵﲻ׵ĻǾͱʾʺܲһһĲǷǳǳĲ
Щʮ굽׵ˣҲǼΪĲܲܳΪ߶˵٣˳ߵĻᡣ
ߣһʵϿɣҲֻߣܹԿµԴԱǻɱ
ߣһмͬҲһҶԿԴ޵Ļʯ
˵ֻҪΪߣһױߣǶױߣǶʾѾԼգ
Ϊûһɵһǿȥ۵ģ
䣬ֻҪﵽߣۿֱӳΪ֧ϵ⻹ԻһԴĽֱϵӵ֧ϵӵܿԻʮԴĽ
ڹŷį̾Ϣʱ򣬹ҲλˣǶص˻Ĵˡ
һΣЩֱϵӵǣһ¶˸֮ɫ͸ӱ˵֧ϵˡ
˷ܵԵļˣֻ켸˶ѡȻ⼸⣬˶ûдﵽӦĵȼ
ã˵˵߽׼߽ϸеĽɣ
ΪԼ仰ȻεĿԼŮǣ΢΢һЦ˵߽׼ϵģ֧ϵֱӽֱϵͬʱһµԴֱϵһµԴ֮⣬ȼߣһһ
ιû۵ĻýΪŻܹﵽ߽׵ġ
ʲôһֱӽһµԴ𣿡
ѽ벻ĲԽȻһһ
һǵûԴܹõǿõıѽ
ҿٵҪµԴܹõɣ
£ҵ죡
һΣ֧ϵֱը˹ȫû˿ʼʱϽΣЩһֱŲмֱϵӵǣʱҲһֶɴ۾·𲻸ŸոĻ
µԴǶЩֱϵӵ˵ҲǼΪӴһˣƲµԴٶ˵˵ʮ꿪Դ󣬱ʾǶµܿµԴǶôҪˣ
һ⣬ǴµԴ
ԭûʲôȥⳡĹŷ壬˿Ѿȫˡ
¿࣬ʵǼΪӴһˡ
ƹһͨ˼ͥһĻҲͲµԴҡȻǲԴڵģֻԴȻ
˵ӣֻҪһӵԴ򵽣һһ˵һԺõ·ҲһСʱԴ£ɴ˿ɼµԴǶôӴһˡ
һŷ޵Ŀǰһֱϵӵܣ˵ʲôζ
ÿһ죬ѼԼ¿꣬ȻصԼС棬̿ĶԼ壬ֱþһ˿һ
˵κιżҵӵܶ棬̿࣬ΪȵĿΪߣȻȥ׷ѰƬԼա
ƺεĿ̿ѵεĿǿΪ̫̫ˣҲֻǴһף׶ѡ
ѵҹŷһֻ۶𣿡
ŷ΢΢ͷŻɵգָ״СѩƮԼϣ˿˿˿˿⣬пɬ
ʱһ̹ǵĺ紵ȴûΪΪĺ䣬ѾԶȲеı

һȴϵ𣬶ʱȫеŮæĿǰոպһλŷҲе˼˹ȥ
һĴԼֻһҵӣȻ⼸λģϣѾЩơ
ǹżҵϣǮ֡
Ǯֿ˲䰲ǣĵ˵ͷ
ж룬ĲԽôһһɣھ͸ߴңΪ峤ȼߣԸԴɱСһȥ
˵罱һһһΪǿԱǿû߿Դޣжôǿڼ߸Ŭĳ߾磡
Ǯһ˵󣬶ʱȫŮǣȫը˹һ㣬˿˸ղԴӡ
ԴɱСһӳȥһһ
ţԴɱСӳȥѾһֽˣοһһǲֱ֪ϵջ߻˭
ǰ֪˭ôõȥһԳ߾磬ĪİѽĽ
ĽʲôãңҲ߽أ룬Ӧûǹ棬Ǽ幫һεĵһţ
ԣҿҲӦûǺð
ǮβûֹǵĽͷӶ·ԤһЦЦǰѹѹȻ󿪿˵ȻεĹ뽱˵ˣôڱ㿪ʼ԰ɣȴֱϵʼһһĵʯ
ǮָָһһʯƵİɫʯ飬Ů˵
ԣæֹͣ˵׷źöӣεʯȥ
űϣףֱϵһԴ
ףֱϵһԴ
÷ףֱϵʮԴ
һֱϵǰַڱʯмһԲʱʯӿһ塣Щ壬ǴŸԵȼ
ʼļֱϵõȼǺܸߣǻֱ漸ų߽ϵġ
ûвԵֱϵãʮ֮ǰεżӵܣҲǹżҵδ
ûĻδǽаٷ֮ʮŵĿܣͻ壬ӦؼıΪıߡ
ҲֻиӦؼıܳΪһߡ֮ǰ壬ֻΪԺΪߴѡ
ڣǾ޷ӦյؼıġĸӦգߵĶ
ҪΪԼõ굽ʮ֮䣬ʱûдﵽһı׼Ļһ£һӶûͻƵߵĿˡ
ҹ˽ףֱϵӵܣһԴ
˽ףֱϵӵܣһԴ
ļλֱϵӵܣ˽׵ʵԵҲֻһλֱϵӵûвԹˡҵĿ⣬ɶ˹ȥ
棬żεšȥ꣬ʮ䣬ﵽ˽׵ʵʣڹżҵʷϣеġ
ȻѾʮʲôʵأһֱûͻƣǣѾͻƵŽף
ŽѽʮŽףƹҲͬ˲ˣŷվȺ棬ΨһûвԵֱϵӵܹ棬˵
ûȥŶӣΪ֪Լʵȥе֪֮
˹ŷ⣬ĲܴﵽûﵽǣͳͳȥŶȥˡǿɲںѾˣ¶ʲô
棬ʮף
ʱһΪȵ𣬴ڳ˵Ķ档
ŷһ仰ҲΪ֮һ̧ͷʯķȥ
ֻվһһ˸ߵʯǰ°͸߸Ͼǰ֮ɫʯϣʾżӽ֣ʮף
ʮ꣬Ѿʮ׵ʵֻһܹΪһҫǿˡʣƹҲǼΪĳˡټƹ֮һĹżҵֱϵӵܣ峤ӣСӣڻôҲͿˡ
ããã벻ȻѾʮףεһǷĪˣھȰ㣡
ǮΪżҵϣôҲٵţȻڹʵЩȣҲָܿ˳̬Ȼһ֪һѳ󣬶Ź˵
ʱ۾һ˰̬æǮ˹ȥ
Ȼ峤ӣȴݳ޲ûﵽ߱ӵбĵزԶһһĽлǼΪ˷ܵġ
ϡߵǮֵǰϹϾľһ˵ʱȫղŵİģ
ҲԣǮֲǹżҵϣͬĸ֣ߣ
żңƹʵǿҲֻ߶ѡԣڹǮ֣滹ǲ˿ġ
ţ֮ǹżұֻһѽѽȥɣ
ǮֶڹĹ⣬΢Цŵ˵ͷ󣬱еĳ˹ȥ
˫۷Ź⣬˹Լк˸ĳʱֵİ˿ûȥŮǼʵĿ⡣
ûȥŶӵĹŷ壬Źеĳ۵Ҳɻһ˿Ľ֮ɫܿʧˡڵòĶĽʲôأ
ãԣžס
һ˹󣬱ʼ˲ԡ
ŷһǷ֮Ĳԣһ۵ȤûУ˳Χûһע⵽Լ󣬱㲻ٶ룬ߵ䳡Եһô£һȥ
ѩԽԽ󣬷ԽԽɵվڴ˴Ϣøá
٣дڣůôһ㡣
ʱ䲻֪˶ã䳡ĲԻû꣬ող֧ϵӵܶѡôãŷĽҲˡ
Զ˶Ե˫ȻһȴΪ¹ѩغʪһûע⣬һһƨ˵ϡ
˻
ŷƨɸոһӴ棬ʱƨƵոƨɴصʱ򣬺һ׶һ´˹֮УȻ˿˿ѪҺ
ŷһʹƨɣһüͷͷ˹ȥһǶʱһ㶡
һСĴָϸ壬¶棬滹մеѪգȻովⶫԼġ
ȻⲻùŷסǵѪģ͸СĴָϸʱ
ŷ忴ɶʱȤûпʲôѪġ
ͷ˿ЩڲԵŮǣûע⵽Լ󣬱ӣĹ۲
Ȼڹŷոնµ˲䣬ǸСĴָϸȻԼҰڶҪƵġ
ŷһˣھ֮࣬иǺ뿴⵽Ǹʲô
ѪȻԼǰŷǴû˵ġ
ΪȽϳʪĴָϸֻԵġ˼£㻺ġֻ¶һƴСĽŷ嶨һּȻһСҩոմŷڵģֻСҩ֧еһ֧ѡ
⻹ùŷΪȵģֻƴСҩ󣬼Ȼô˹ŷǰҩɢ΢Ĺâûմ˿
⣬⵽ʲôѵһǲѽû˵ļԼԼɵİ
ŷɴ˫ۿǰҩ𾪵
ģѾȫƷ֪
ڹŷ廹֮ʱͻȻһ
ŷ壬㻹Ѿˣ
ŷһ֪Ѿˣ˿ǰСҩԱŲŲӦÿСҩ󣬱æͷӦϹ
˵꣬վһ˲䣬ٵ֣һץסǻŵСҩҲڴ֮Уת䳡С˹ȥ


2 ҩ
ŷ壬ôûȥԣ
ŷո߽һϵ㲻۱ʵ
ŷЦЦװܲɨΧһȦֳ˼ۺĿԼ⣬˳óԼһۺеĴʯɶʱ
µľ˿ոСҩԼ治֪λشĺáţСҩԲһ㣬ֺö϶Լţûñ֪ĵ
Ǻǣ֪ҵʵģȻˣǻȥԸʲô
ŷֺǰŲһ㣬õס͹ĿڴȻЦĻشš
۸ûע⵽ŷСע⵽Ҳ⣬Ϊʱ˷ܵС
ŷ壬֪֪ιһ֮󣬸ԴɱСһӳȥ
ŵϣҲǺ͹ŷ˵ۣ˷ܵĿŹŷʵ
֪ǰųϲ˵𣿡
ŷЩĲɵ˵ʱĿĴѲӣ˻ע⵽ոյ顣
ٺ٣Ͳ֪˰ɣոչųϻ˵ιȥԴһһͬȥһ·Ϸչ˹档ˣθȥۣʱ򻹿ԻʮԴĽأ
ŵϺٺһЦ۷Źļ˵ֻǳȥһˣԻʮԴĽ˰ʮԴǵÿٶˣιܹѡңǵøжãףʼѡˣңүѡң
ŷһһܣһеĹŵϣҡҡͷûкһĳǰȥΪ˿˼Ѿȫ˸ոջõҩϡ
ڣŷѾȫ϶ˣҩǵ֮˵˵ܹɼһˡ
⵽ǸʲôأֻеȻȥ˵úúõооһˡ
ŷһվԹԵ飬˿ûע⵽˿̳˵ĿⶼۼԼϡ
Ǹ˭Ǹۣԣأ
Ĺŷ壬ȻоϾĵģ㶣ոһɻ̧ͷ㿴ָԼǶص˻ɤź
ŷ廹ԭأвһ죬ĸȿֺǰ壿ã壬ͷվԭԹԵԼ飬ǿյΧԵôĶء
ҲҲΪŷȿֺͬȥ۲ͬ濴ҲЩȥһۣƫƫѡûȥĹŷ壬Щȥǣɸоһɺ
ԣ㣡
ٴָŻĹŷ壬ֺ
Ŷ
ŷعæе˼Ӧһһ·Сܵķȥ
ִ£ʲôԸ
ŷܵ˹ĽǰĶһʵ
׼׼һ֮͸ȥȥɣ
ûü˵㱻һ˵
ŷ嶼̧ͷ֪˭ЩǰҪȥˣ治ѡԼȥˣƫƫѡˡΧЩ۷·Ҫ˵Ŀ⣬ŷ岻ЩΡ
ˣȥȥɣǻһµʱһµʱӦܰҩоˡ
ŷ󣬾ҲûʲôæŹһӦõġ
°ͣƳ˹ŷһۣӱǿšһ󣬱㲻ȥŷ壬ֿʼ˸ոյõǱ
ʵոЩ۴󳳴ֵģŪù꣬ȴڴʱÿһվԶĹŷ壬ѡΪԼĸࡣ
ǿϧ
ǰŷǺá
֪ˣԭոչŷһվүעأ
һΪܴͻȻ˵
ѽôû뵽취أǱ
һ۵ĻɶȻ򡯣˵İûڣûԼΪʲôû뵽С
ŷǵݣвһЦãҲȴûȥʲôһ˼ſɢȻûȥúоҩ
ˣȻѾѡѡǾͳ˿ԵõˣͶɢ˰ɣ
ѡѡ󣬱˻ֺ˵
Щ޷ԴһĻɺĸɢˣܿ쳡ϱֻʣЩԻԴŮˡ
ŷһֱǹҩ飬һɢæԼһСȥŵϵĺҲκεᡣ
ղԼվڹԱߵʱ򣬹ĿɨԼ͹ĿڴһۣȻûжע⣬ŷ廹ΪСĵá
ҩǷȥǿɾ׷ĪˡԶڹŵĺȨû
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ŷƿʱᵹµľţһתڣİľŴ

ֻС棬ͻȻһӫ⣬ģԽԽϸһȴڵΨһһյú͵
âȻôֻмƽСӣȴǴ´ˡ
ŷֻ㻷һȦխķİ裬㾡۵ס
һݵĵ˴۵һӣϵƶȴ洦ɼʱʱĻЩϸһţõıӼȻϡɢЩùζ
ŷüͷϴӣϴûɣ
Ҫ֪ƹ뱱ļȽϽ¶Ѽһ⡣˵ӣ·Ҫüһڲܸɡ
ֻ䷢ôһױӶѣϴȻȥɹĻһ¶ûøǵˡĻ񲻵öȥ
ƶĿ⣬ڣòľ֮⣬ֻһСľġ
ľϣ˰ڷһ۷װ֮⣬յú͵ˡ
ŷһƨڴϣСľϵ·ڴϣϵĿռڳ󣬱֣СİһֱԼڴ֮еҩ˳ķϡ
΢ĵƹ⣬ŷȫĿҩģ
ҩͨɫ֪ʲôɵġһŷԿ϶ԲգͭȵȳĽһûпû˵
˵죬Ϊɫҩڵƹҫ¼Ȼɢ˿˿ɫĹâɫγȫĶԱȡ
ɫĲȴڹâҫɢɫâ
ŷһߺĿҩһ޵
ϣŷҩ̵ĻƸ˹ȥ
ϵȷ̵ǻǸָŷû滨ݡ
еĺƹβͲݣȴһ仨
еĺõ廨ȴŲʮŵĺɫʵ
еɺȴ˰ɫҶӣ
еļȻһƻȴ˸·
ҩǵġѵҩģ
ŷ忴鱻ָ滨ݵĵ̸˵ҩɻ˵
ٶ룬ŷϵú͵ƣҩٴսЩʹ̵ĻƣԵøӵ
Ȼ˵ҩ̵滨ݺǳܣȴǼΪ
ÿһǣÿһ·Կ˿ûΪҩСģ塣


3 ռ䡢
ҩ̵ĻƷ·һħһ㣬ʹ˿˵һۺ󣬱̲סȥ
ŷԽյԽ˫۸ҩֻмľʱҩͻȻ֮ŹʣϸۿĹŷһ㷴Ӧʱ䶼ûУǰһ֮ʧȥʶ
ţ㣡
ԺУŷŵһķ㣬Ժһ壬Щģʶ˲˹
ôȻεˣѵ⼸ѵ̫˵ԭ𣿡
ŷһ߻ӣһã˫ۣɻ
ţʲôף԰ҵķôл
ŷոһ˫ۣӳеĲԼ÷ùı죬һ컨䣬һ㶣漴бһæ̧ͷܡ
⣬ʲôطңô
ŷɴ˫ۣһУ𾪵Ըӡ
ֻһֱԼΪʮҵԲοռ䣬ԶȴǺһƬιŷεɴ˫ۣһڵһƬ浽ʲô
ʱĹŷվԲοռемλá⣬ǰδδŵ滨ݡ
⣬ﵽʲôط
źһҲŹŷ뵽ķθ֮УʱһֺǸոȪʸо˲ȫҲùŷоɲ
ΧİһУŷҿ϶Լǰûĵط
ţмݡ
ڹŷоɵĴ֮ʱȴóԲοռԵһݡȫİĵطŷȴЩԥ
ˣˣΣҲܿġ˵һûԴûģ˭˼˺ôСɫ
ŷԳһЦٶ룬̧Ǽȥ
ã𣿡
ŷߵǰţ
ŷ֮ɫվ˼ӣȴκεĶ̧֣š
Ǽл˺ü֮ȴûκεĶⲻùŷЩɻ
ѵûס
ŷ룬ٵ˴һ֮󣬼ȷûκεĶ󣬱㲻ԥ֣ƿ֯Ĵɫš
ȿȣ
ɵŷոһƿţڱӭһŨҵĻҳϢֱǺùŷˣæԼǰ裬ƮڿеĻҳŽɢЩ
ôҳǺܾöûסˡ
ŷ忴⻹ƮŵĻҳ
ŹңеĻҳҲɢ˿ȥιŷûκεԥֱŽ뵽ڡ
һ뵽ڣֹԼ룬ûκӰŷȫֻҪûΣգº˵˶٣ŷ㿪ʼڵİ衣
ڽŵߴ£һıɫ񴲣ûκαȱůֻһͷСƵ棻
ŵĴ£һͬɫȴǳ˻ɫɫϣ˰ڷһ豭֮⣬
ҿͬһȴڴ߷һɫܣܲߣȴ˶Ϊ̫öû˴ɨԭĶͳͳ˺һҳԹŷҲ浽׶ڷʲô
ƶĿ⣬ŷһ·һʱʱסˡ
һɫĶ¯߶ŷؿλãΪҳԭ򣬹ŷ忴¯ģ
ѵǸСҩˣ
ŷ忴ǰҩв²
ŷǸСҩѾʼЩˣѪҲδǲܵ顣
ǿĻҳȣȻǺܾöûùˣӦòǸСҩġ
ŷüͷǰҩˣȰҳɾ˵
˵ڹŷոߵҩǰ׼ĻҳʱͻȻһâֱֱ޷Ĺŷ壬˲˹ŷԺ֮С
ιŷ岢ûлʣͷЩʹ֮⣬оԴƶһЩʲô
ңǾƷߵȴʦҩʦ
ڹŷƵЩʹԴҩǰҩΪʲôŹʣͷһʹԼʣһȴʹ֮ʱͻȻһɣ𣬶ʱ˹ŷһ
˭ŷæĴȴûаӰ
ѵǸոǵâʹҲ˻þ
ŷɻްӰĴȥ
ңǾƷߵȴʦҩʦ
عŷ嵹ˡɣԼĶģǡֱԼԺģһĹŷʱŵôһһʱ֮䲻֪Ǻá
ΪС޸ĸʲô鶼ҪԼԼɵԭ򣬹ŷҪԶͬˡٳ죬飬ʱҲȫ˷硣
ŷԭشһӣ׼ȴǵٴԼٺúʱȴҲûⲻùŷھ֮࣬һЩɻ
ѵҲ˻þ
ŷЩ϶뷨
ԣһпˣǵڶǵȴǼΪԺ֮𣬾û
ŷ϶ԼڶúԲǻþ

ŷ˺üڣʹԼƽֱ֮Ӿ͵ض˫ۣȫעȥӦԼԺ֮е׷ʲô顣
Ȼǵڲ𣬵ôȥĻŷп϶ǲĵġϾΪҪĲλŷɲôݲ֮
ҲǸҲǻ˭֪أˣȥŪԼԺôһ¡
ŴŵҳϢ̹Ҳƽŷһһζγ˲ɣеĻڹŷԺ֮
ңǾƷߵȴʦҩʦȥǰμ¼ҵĴߡ
Ʒߵȴʦҩʦ
ͷ仰ڹŷԺʱŷΪмΪƽҲûж룬ھ仰ȴзˡ
ҩʦŷȻ˵̸϶Ϥȴİ
ΪΪϲҩʦְҵƽʱһ꣬Ȼÿֻ֮Ҫһпʱ䣬ȥżҶ˶ŵ鼮ȥۿйҩʦ鼮ˣҩʦְҵŷ廹֪ôһġ
ҩʦҰ½ϼΪְҵΪ˭Ǳʱ򣬵ʱҲҲҩʦƵһŵҩһƿҩҺпһ
ҩʦƵĵҩҩҺ˿һ֮⣬ǿԸͻԼʵƿһͻеıߺ۷
˵ҩʦְҵб߶ҪͽĶ󣬸Ұ½ྺĶ
ЩСǲϧȫƲ֮Ҫ뵽ҩʦԼΪԼĵҩҩҺ
ɴ˿ɼҩʦҰ½Ƕôˡ


4 Ŀ
ҩʦĻһҪԭǾϡ١
һǼϡ١
ΪҪΪҩʦĻҪһȾҩ츳
ӵҩ츳ˣ˵ǧһŰһǾԵģ
˵һȾ֮󣬻ҪһٵǾҩҩҩ
˵ĳСĻеȵһӵвҩ츳˺󣬿ҲֻΪҩҩǲһҪһʲƵԴ
ҲֻлӿĲƲпܳɹ
ݹŷ֪ż֮ڣֻһһƷߵҩͽҩʦҩʦǹżԼģǹżһǮġ
ΪżƹڿǺܴˣҰ½֮ϵĻȴֻһС
ƹȼߵҩʦֻһƷҩͽҩʦѣݴƹʼҺľ֮һӽ֮ĲƲģҪ֪һң
ȻҶڻҰ½ĹҶ˵СɷϵǣһҩʦǶôļˡҲ͸ӵĿ϶ҩʦڻҰ½Ȼĵλ
ţƷ󣬴󣬴ʦҩʦ
ŷŸոԼԺĻз·ǹʮ˼쫷һ㣬ո΢ƽһģȴǸӵļ
죬Ʒʦҩʦ
ŷ޷󣬾ƷʦҩʦǵǸĸ
ܡ
ŷ弤ĲҰ½ϵΪ˰ͽᵽѪսɣ
ŷɲΪҰ½ʲôܹ뵽˵ȳȻҪ֪Ұ½ϵȼߵҩʦֻƷҩʦѣ
Ȼŷ˳ǰһ仰һ仰
ȥǰμ¼ҵĴߡ
ŷǾ仰ʱסˡ
μ¼ҵĴߣǣ˵ҾǸߣţƷߵȴʦҩʦĴߣ
ŷ屻ͻȻľϲԴһʱתôɴ˫ۣϥڻҳϣϵıǷḻ֡
ŷҲû뵽ԼȻгΪҩʦߵһ죬һǱȻҰ½ҩʦҪϲ֪ٱľƷߵȴʦҩʦĴߡ
ûȹŷ˶ãŷԺеǶ¼ٴ
ΪĴߣþؿ顣ġ⡢츳ֻؿȫͨܵõĴУҲгΪ˵ʸ񣡡
ŷԺ֮е˵㲻𣬷·ڵȹŷЩ
ֻͨġ⡢츳ؿ飬ܵõУ츳϶ǲҩʦҩ츳⣬ȴû˵
ŷôЩԼҲйҩʦ鼮Ȼ˵϶ҩʦְҵͨȴǾԲİʱһĺͲԣȴһԺ
ˣأز𣿾ǵɽ𺣡͹ҲһҪ
Ȼ²ǾͲˣŷŵüͷʱѾȫչˣǳ˫д˿˸żΪᶨĹâ
ҵʵȷǼҾͲҩʶûУͨҩʣҲȫҰڵݣ
ҵһ˿ϣܲԺӵԼһƬգҪܲץסĻˣ
ŷȭͷЩڹżۣܹܵˣһΣҲҪƴȫͨԡΪ˶ȥҲڣ
ȥҲܱڹżܾ۵ǿ
ƺ˹ŷʧĲɣٶڹŷԺ֮
ز棬⣬մߵвԡ˳ΪҩʦֻҪͨһ츳ˡ
ҪΪĴˣͨԡ
ǲȴϵڹŷԺȻֻȥǰµһʶļ¼ǳȻһеǿȴѹȵùŷ·͸
ȴûùŷǸӼһҪͨԣסλľģ
⻹ֻһμ¼ˣǿơĻأǣվǰϢɣ
ŷǹֻλߵķǷƣһƬ
¼ûΪŷ弤ͣ٣ǲɣȴϵٴڹŷԺ֮
һزԣǲҩʦģһҩʦҩʦĶûеĻǳΪһҩʦҲһϸҩʦһҲ޷ӵ߽ҩʦʱ
ڶزԣǲҩʦ־ûǿ־Ҳ޷ΪΪǿҩʦ
ҲҩʦͨĿˡ˵ǳΪҩʦΪؼҪһأҩ츳ҩ츳ûУһжǿ̸
μ¼˵λ󣬱ͣȻǸʱýμ¼һ
ҩʦģҩʦ־ҩʦ츳
ŷظ⼸仰в²š
ܲµǾ͸ãȲԵʱԸаա²ⲻҲ޷ӭӵ׼
Լһңŷ嶼û³Ȼǲɣȴһ
׼ܿĴߣڿʼˣһȵҩ԰ȥժ֧ҩȻشҡԼʶش𼴿ɡ
ոһ˵꣬ŷоԼԺͻȻһϢ
ժѪʮ꣬βʮţջʮꡣŷԺֳҩĵּģ
ԭЩȫҩѽ˵ôһˬأԭ
ŷ߳ݣԼǰص滨ݣʣлȻ
ŷ뵽һΪ⡣
ôҩģһǾƷߵʦҩʦֲҩģȼ϶ǲ͵ġĻǾֻóһȥҲԴӦ˵ǶٸµԴ
ŷ˫˸ŹâصҩģмΪ˷ܵ
޷ΪҵĴˣ޷ҩռóȥһ㶫ġ
ȥǰƺϵĳλܴеĴ߻ΪЩصҩĶ뷨¼ʱ˹ŷͷ
ŷЦЦû⡣
һΪġ
鲼滨ݡӦռ֣ҩռ䡯
ҩΪͨĻһ㣬ҵĺԵڸʹùŷֻҡѪΡβջҩı㻨˽ӽһСʱʱ䡣
ѪΣͬһ㣬ͨʺѪոմﱻŷ˳ѪĲϻȴڸǲ˱Ƕ֮˾һ㡣
β˼壬״һĹβͣ˶
ջһĻ䣬ͨʽ𡢷ɫΪ


5 ҩԴ
ˡ
ŷѲɵҩķԼɾϺ󣬱лشһ
ܺãٰƪҩȻٻشҡ
ǲϵһ£ŷԺ֮бһƪҩ
ŷˡҩһۺһ㶣һЦ
ԼЩڹżҵ鼮￴йҩʦ棬ıǡҩ֪Ȼµġҩˡ֪֣ȴһģһģǽҩ
죿ŷЦЦΪ
ұˡ
ãšҩٽҰɡ
Ļ䣬ŷԺ֮Уֶһμ䣬һҩ
ҩ
ŷоԼĺ
Ҫ֪ҩڻҰ½ϣʲôƷ׵ҩͽ׵һƷҩҲмеģ
ֻҪһҩҩʦ˻߼Щ໥رЩӵҩʦĴͽ׵ͨҩãǸ߽׵ͨҩΪһҩĳѺõĿɳ
ҩһַΪֱ࣬Ϊͨҩҩ
ͨҩ˼˵Ƚ׵;ͽͨҩͨҩ˼˵һ¯ֻƳһĳһҩ˵һ¯ֻƳһĵҩǵһҩҺ
ҩ˼ǣһ¯ͬʱƳҩҩҺƳҩﲻҩЧҪͬƷ׵ĵҩҩҺҩЧҪϼǶҩʦҩˮ׼ĳɳõĺô޷ġ
ҩͨҩӵϡ٣۸ҲͬͬƷ׵ͨҩ֪϶ٱ
ȻˣֻҪҩϣһҵļԻΪ˵õҩֵ÷ֱǵ
ɴ˿ɼҰ½ϵҩʦҩǶôˡ
ŷʹһڿˮʱѾͻȻľϲõɴ˫ۣôֱ㶵վԭأһʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲôźá
˷ܵȵѾ޷ݹŷ˿̵顣
ƺһξûͨ飬šҩ㹻ʳǵüʮˡ
ŷ岻˦˦ͷæԼеͷҾԿͨģҳΪĴߣҩʲô
ٶ룬ŷϥʶʼȫעĿġҩ
ȫĶͶ뵽ˡҩ֮еĹŷ˿ûע⵽ʱš
֪ȥ˶ãŷص³һǳ˫ʱУǲ˾ϲ֮ɫ
һƷеȣȻһƷеȵҩһǼΪʵҩ
ŷĿ˸ҩƳڣ²ƹҩʦ񣬾ܱ߹ҵһЩҩʦѶɣ
һƷеҩһʵģҩʦջ
Ҫ֪ҩʦӵҩŶҩĳɳаҲݽѸӴŵԴԴϵԴ룡
ĳõҩǾʹʵһ̨ף
ΪƳʵҩԸЩʮ׶ʹã˵ÿһ˶߾磬˵ʮһܹͻƳΪߣʵ̳ԽԼʵ൱
˴ǳԵıȷɣ˵ǹżҵõҩĻܿƹҲ֮
ɴ˿ɼҩֻҪһƹǽôǿҵĺ䶯ˣ
ʵǲǣҲԼʵ
ŷ˫۷Ź⣬вּ
˵ŷҩΪȰʵȴǸΪԡ
˵˵ԼΪһҩʦûʵԱĻǾֻĳ棬רְΪҩˡ
УҰ½֮ϣ߼Դ洦ɼÿһԴ޶ǼΪǿ󡣾СԴޣҲܿһһױߣ
ŷǿ׵ʵЩԴֻһ磬ҪС
ҲŷܶƹסڻܰȫΪܵԴ޹ĻԻбֵ߳˺ûгΪߵĹŷһëġ
Ļǹŷ¡硢۷㽫Ϊ¥øӵңɼ
˵ʵŷǸΪĹԵġ
Ϊŷʵ̫ˣôҲֻ׵ʵѣС򲻹
˹ŷ岻òתĿ⣬ȤͶ뵽ҩʦڡҲ˹ŷÿ˱ҪĴ֮⣬ıǹۿҩʦйص鼮
ڣһĻ˹ŷǰͨĿ飬ɳΪƷ߶ʦҩʦĴߣ
ԳΪҩʦǿԼƳҩԼʹãʹ֮ԼʵԺͻƳΪǿıߣҲǲܵ飡
ջ󡪡ŷ޷ֵҲȥֵֻӵļԼ
һһҪͨ飡ͨˣǰ;һƬûͨ㽫޳ͷ֮գ
ŷȭͷ˫۴ʱɢǰδеļᶨɫʣһһٵ˵
ʱŷȻһһ·ͻȻסԼ壬ֻһ˲ʧˡ
Ȼֻһ˲ĸоŷȴѾףոԼѾԴ
ԴǻҰ½ΨһĻңǻҰ½
κˣʮ֮ʱ֮ήһطʹ俪ԴÿһԴˣڿʼֻһԴѡ
Ҳ˵һԴˣû׬ȡԴĻǽֻһ
ˣֻҪһԴֻЪ׬ȡԴԴԼ
Ȼ˵ˣ˵ֻҪ׬ȡԴܹˡ
֡˻ɱɱȵȶԽ
Թ󻹺һ㣬˿ҩʦҩʦΪƣɱǣҲ뻤Լ
ͨ˼ҵĻԴʳ·Դʣ޼ˡ
ˣСãֻҪԴһĲǶ޿κΣֻܵˡ
⻹ֻ˵ͨ˶ѣÿ춼ΪԭȥÿȥĻÿȥ˾͸ǲˡ
ÿ죬ԴƴɱҲһСģͽͷءˣȴǰ̡ΪÿɱһԴޣ͵ǵõԴ
ÿɱһͷԴޣͿԴ䱾İٷ֮һԴ
ȷ˵˵Դ޵һĻǰͷԴɱˣȻȡڵԴǾͿԵõԴڵһԴˡ
ģԶɢ˭ղİٷ֮ʮŵԴ


6 鿪ʼ
Դ޳˱İٷ֮һԴ֮⣬ëƤƤߣԴ޵ѪҺǿԵҩʦҩģ
ܵ˵ɱһͷԴޣԻüԴҲΪˣʹñǲǰ̵ƴȥɱԴˡ
Դ޶ԣͬǻԴӳһҪԴˣԴޣǳΪ˲У
Դƴɱȥı⣬ÿԼƴɱȥıҲþͱԴƴɱȥıٶ٣
̰ǼΪµģֹġ
ΪɱԴ޿ԻԴ֮⣬ɱͬҲԻڰٷ֮һԴģ
˵ǳﻹãڻҰ֮⣬ʱ̶Ҫ־裬Ҳֻһ⣬㲻Դ£൶¡
Թ
ԼͻȻԴŷʱ䣬벻ԼȻ⡮ҩռ䡯Ѿ˲һˣ
Լʮ꿪Դպڲȼĵڶ죬ҲͲԼѾ˶á
ٲȥĻżǱ߿ɾͲýˡץʱ⿼ͨɡ
ŷ룬һлشһ
ǲϵڹŷԺ֮𣬡ܺáȻЩ趼ˣ׼ʼҵĿɣ
ڵǸҩûУǸٻҩķƷڣͿʼҩɣ۵ҩҩҺҪͬʱﵽһƷеȲͨ
סֻʮλᣡʮλ㾡ʧˣǾͱʾûʸΪĴˣ
ŷסˡ
ȻԼԼܹµĿԼҩҩʦ츳Ҳȷҩû뵽ǣĿȴֻʮλᣡһһƷеȵҩҵҩҩҺҪͬʱﵽһƷеȣ
Ҫ֪Щҩʦ츳Ŀ飬ǿǰ׼һµʱ䣡Լȴֻһѣһ춼û
Ȼ˵û涨ʱޣԼֲ֪γҩռ䡯ܾܲ׼ɣȲ˵żǱ߳ȥν˵ҪԼ
ˣҩʦ츳ÿ˶һǧҩĻᣡһǧ澡ʧܵĻԵҩʦҵˡ
ңһǧεĻỹֻƵҩҩҺеһֶѣһֻһƷȵͨҩѡԼأ
ʮΣһƷеȵҩҪҩҩҺͬʱﵽһƷеȣ
ʮΣһƷеȣͬʱﵽ
ŷͷģͻȻоⲻǻǷ˵ĥ
֮ҩģвҲӦҩԼȴֻܿţָоȷһֿ˱ĥ
ڻҰ½ϣǵһǧγɹͨģǰһˣڵھŰٴɹͨģԺҩȼƲͣ
Ұ½һܲųѣҰ½жˣû˼ֻ֪ÿȥˣǧơ
ٴٴɹͨģżˣǸ໥ƴȫĶ
ٴεһٴɹͨģڻҰ½ϾţֻҪһ֣ڻҰ½ϾԻʮżǸĿɳͷѪҪĶ
Ѿв༸ûֹˡһٴڳɹͨ˿ģӹһˣ
ʮôҲһҪԣǿǾƷߵȴʦҩʦĴߣ˼ͨĿ飬ҲпԭŷȻҩʦȼжʱȻ
ƷߵȴʦҩʦڻҰ½ʷϣδֹٹŷǴû˵ûġ˵ĳȻ̵Щˡ

ŷصĺһʼ׼ֻһ£ҪͨһҪͨ
˵޵ķʸȻóԣǱ϶˿ͨģȻˣΪʲô㲻ͨȻҰ½û˿ͨٴ֮ڳɹĲԣұ¼¼ΪһʮͨҩʦԵˣ
ŷҧأĿгѪ˿оȻ
ˣıģ˳ȻȻ˿ͨ˵ȿ̵Ŀ飬һԣ
ҩΪҪ
Ϊҩڼ䣬輫ȵļУ˿Ĵ⡣Ҳֻһ񣬻ûƺãҩĵʱһûպã¯ҩﶼΪϡ˵ҩ츳Ҫľһ˵ľ
Σǻİѿءҩļİѿˡ
ҲǼҪĻڣܴһ˿ۡΪҲֻǶһҩļĻǾҩｫҩ
˵İѿغҩļİѿض˵Ļҩ츳ĲԱѾͨˡ
ЩҩҪġΪÿһ¯ҩܶҪϼСʱǸõʱ䡣ôﶯҲȷҪСġ
Ĳ֪Ҫ˵ģŷȴԼûκġ
Լۿʼ㳣Ըһȥغšһڶһ˻ߣ˵ŷ嶼µĴһһ죡
ˣҪ˵ֻҪӲǿһϸʱ䣬ŷ嶼Ϻ⣡
˺Լ·ϵһ鲼ϣŷ弫ΪĵİѰڷڵǸٻϵĻҳøɾ󣬱ӣϸϸĹ۲ǰҩ
ٻͬһĶ¯Χв°ζĸҩģ⿴ģ̵֪ҩĵȼԲͣ
֧ȵ֧ڵ棬¯ͨʹͭɫڹâҫ£ɢŹ϶صϢ
ҩķƷ
ŷ˼ҩѵ䳡·ֵǸԼɵСҩ϶ˣֻǸСҩĶܽΪλΪҩռ䡯ռˡ
ŷһЦвΪԼľ˸е˷ܡ׿е˼ֿʼ׼
ڿɲЩʱڵĽҪ񣬱ҩǰ׼Ȼÿʼ顣
ȰԼժʮΡʮŹβʮջֱϣȻóһζһߣֻǼգ۹ʮݲ׵ҩıֺˡ
Ķ׼ˣֻԴˡ
ҩʦҩʱõĻ𣬲ͨҩʦǰҩʱͨľյֻ𣬶ֱӰԴã׳ơԴ𡯡
ԴһֿԴ洢Դһ֡ҡһΪɫֱΪסࡢ̡졢ϡȡ
ɫԴҿԴ洢һԴɫĿԴ洢һСʱԴɫĿԴ洢һԴɫĿԴ洢ʮԴɫĿԴ洢һԴɫĿԴ洢һԴɫĿԴ洢ʮԴɫĿԴ洢һԴ
ڻҰ½ϣ֮ԴҪԴΪýܽף޷öԷԴġɱԷ
ŷ壬һöɫԴҺöɫԴңÿչżҽ
ʮһʮԴŷʮ꣬ԽյԴûõ


7 ΪΣ֣֣֣ϣ
ԴңҪҩҪԴžҪʹʲôɫԴҡ
˵ŷҪƵһƷеȲҩÿһ¯ҪʮԴ
Ǿ͵˵ŷÿһ¯ҩĻǾҪÿζҪһöɫԴҽÿҩеԴڣǷñɫԴҵȼ͵ɫɫĻһ¯ҩֻһΪϡ
뻳ŷ鼫ΪСĵͳееĲƲ
ֻһö˸ŵɫâö˸ŵɫâԴҳУǻҰ½ΨһĽ׻ңԴҡ
ÿһζҪһöʮɫԴңʮ¯ĻǾҪöµĺɫԴһöʮɫԴң
ŷ㣬вԥ
Ҫ֪ʮβҩǾ͵ûԼ֮һԴ
ڻҰ½ϣһΪһ룬һСʱΪһٷӣһΪʮСʱһΪʮ죬һΪʮ£һҲ죬ҩҪһ죬Ҫ֮һԴ𣿣һԴǵھԼһ
Ƭ̣ŷһҧзݣûилرûв֣ոͨ˿飬һʲô
оһ£ŷ㲻ԥȻʹöʮɫԴң˰ٻԴǶ
Լȥ߶öԴҵĻǲԼɢԴ𡯵ģԹŷҲԴ֮ڵԴԶġ
ŷֱϥڰٻǰ˫пʼģҩĹ̡
ΪֻʮλᣬÿһζҪ˶Դʹùŷ岻òȫĵĽԴ
Ҫ֪ÿʧһΣȲ˵ĵԴ˵δգҲԽԽңԶ
ԼСʱҵʱ䣬ŷŻ˫ۣвмĿĽеֻƽȻ
ֹˮҩʦҩǰ״ֻ̬ҩʧܡ
ϵһҩķԣŷϥָҩԴǶһһųϢɫ棬ʱҩ
Դȼ𣬹ŷȴûзκҩģȻƽĿԴڵԴʹû沢̫󣬵Ҳȴû̫С
Դ¯ȼ˺һ֮󣬹ŷȴȽ֣ջͶҩ֮С
填
ֻջոһͶҩȼյɫԴĻڹŷĴ߶¡塯һѸټӴ󣬱øӵȡ

ŷֻȫעͶһζҩĶѣĵľѾʹԼȵĳԲˡֻôһʱѣŷѾͷ󺹣۵
ҪۣⲻֻϵۣǾϵļƣ
ŷȻ֪ҩǼȵľģôҲû뵽ҩʱĵľȻҪԼĲ֪Ҫ϶ٱ
⻹ֻǵһζҩĶѣԼƾѾֲȥˣѾúƣٲϢϢĻܣ֮ԼΪ̫ƣʹȥ
ֲö˵ӵҩ츳˾ǾŰһˣڿȷǺţ˵ҩҪİٷ֮һľѾһӵеˣ
ŷٴμСʱ֮ͶڶζҩѪʱΪ̫ƣһûаպãֻҩڡ͡һ¯ҩ㾡ϣŷҲһҩϵġ֮͡оһͷͣ˹ȥ
仰Ҳǹŷ֮ǰпһ仰
ͷΡ
ŷһŻЩκ̫Ѩһ߻˫ۣ
ˡ
ŷԴ۹鵽һ¯Ѿϵҩʱв̾һ
һʧˣ͵˵־ңԶһָоֱŷпɬԡ
ǻоŴλҾͲˣȻó飬ǾͿ϶ǿͨģȻˣǻʲô̾Ϣģ
ŷ˼ʣľŷҩģĿ˸żᶨĹâ
԰֪̾ȥѰʧܵԭԶ޷ɹġֻвʧ֮ҳʧܵԭ򣬼ԸĽܹ
ٶ룬ϥã˫ۣʼԼʧܵԭ
϶ʧܵҪأҪôܼԸĽأ
ŷ˫ۣ˼š
Ψм֣Ψҧ֣ܹʹԼͻƾؿ
ŷеóۣҪͻ״Ψҧֲ
ٴԺ֮˺ü󣬹ŷŻյ˫ۣʱĿٴλָƽȻ˿
ʧ˳ɹ֮ĸҲһʧܲʧܣԼɹһʯ
˼ŷóöѾ˿âɫԴңһĴԼעȥʮԴöâԴңٴɢɫâ
Դڱ˿ԴģֻעȥԴǿԽ׵Դҡ֮ǰֻһö㶪ڵ϶û˼ĺ޼ֵĿԴҶѡ
ûʹŷԥİѾעʮԴɫԴҷԴǶڣٴԼָ棬һһɳϢɫԴ𣬱㡮ڡһ£ʼڰٻȼա
糣ڵԴҩȼһʱ󣬹ŷѸٵץһջ͵ͶҩڣŷȻǿԴɫԴøӵȡ
һιŷĺˮȴҪࡣ
ɣҩҲˡһεʧܺ󣬹ŷȡ˾飬һεĲҪȵһζ˼˼ɬ
ɲͣȼšŷȫעעŻһһмͶҩʱ䣬˿и
Сʱ
ŷʱȫѾˮ͸ȴûܵЩӰ죬۾գҲգĿҩȼյĻ档
ͻȻŷ͵ķŻԴԴƶʱСʱŷٵץԵζѪΣѸٵͶ뵽ҩ֮У͵ּӴԴһαȵһӴԴΪĶ࣬ǡ
ֵҵǣһεҩﲢûһһ͡һϡ
ȻˣŷȴüͷֹͣԴ
ҩȷûһǰ㡮͡һֱϣȴûʲôˡΪ¯ҩѾŷһ¯ҩЧǧ֮һͨҩ
ѵĸڴˣѽҼǵҩдǡջѪΡβİŷϸĻҩда˼⡣
ջѪΡβ
ŷͻȻһҩϵȷ˵ǷζҩģȴǸûȺ˳ҿջǰѪУβںΪΪȺ˳ˣҿǱ
֮ͨ󣬹ŷʱͷЦвһ泩˷ܡ
Ҫ֪֣˴λᣡ˹ŷôܲ˷أ
ҩӦĹ˵ģΪһҩûȺ˳򣡿ҩҲĿ֮аҲͻȻ뵽ĻҲʮνϾɶҩ
ŷ뵽һ¡
뵽һ⡣ȷǱҿˣȷȺ˳ȴɲ֪
뵽ŷ岻һü
ǵһνӴҩڵһξҳȺ˳죡


8 ΪΣ֣֣֣£
Ȼ죬Ҫġ
ŷһ˶񣬲ٶϵһҩģյǰϸĻҩ϶⼸ζҩĵע⡣
ջʽ𡢷ɫΪ¡
ѪΣѪɫƫ
βɫƫ
ŷü૵߶ҩ϶ζҩĵע⣬ͻȻץסʲôҪ㣬ϸϸһ룬ȴֺʲôûץס
Ϊ£ƫƫ
ŷ˼ζҩĵĹ֮ͨȻȻˡҩôһ仰壬Եͣﵽ֮Чǿ壬ǿǡ
ŷһ仰ɶʱһéٿ֮СβƫѪƫӦˡ塯
ջΪ£֮ͣӦˡԵ͡
ζӦˡ
˿ǰ˳ӦþǣƫĹβһƫѪεڶԵջˣ벻Ȼ࣡ڿ츳ͬʱȻ߶ڡҩϤ̶ȶˣ
ôڹżҿйҩʦ鼮ӶܹڡҩܹĻҾԴҲŪǰ˳ɣ
ŷ֮ͨ󣬲ɶʱĳȵֱӴӵϱЦ˵ҲɴһССԵ֮⡣
Ҳܹʧ̬Ҫ֪ǹŷҩĻԶ޷ͨ飬Ҳ͸ʲôʲôˡ
ûȹŷ˶ãһͷ֮жʱϯ룬϶ҩ֮ûеõϢĹԭˡΣŷֻٴϥ˫˾
ȻΪոŪͨǰ˳飬ŷ黹޷һ˲ƽġ˺һŽĹƽĽ뵽ֹˮ״̬
ԼֹСʱңŷŻǳ˫ۣصĺһ֮󣬱㻺վӣһӣʱһžĹ촫
һСᣬȫѪҺٴѭ֮󣬹ŷ־͵ϥ˼óѾû˿ʮɫԴңһԴڴ˹ȥʱʮɫԴֿʼɢɫΡ
ѾʮԴɫԴңŷ嵭ȻһЦɫ糣ķٻԴǶָǵ棬ʱһɳϢɫ㡮ڡһȼ
ȵԴȼһ֮󣬹ŷƫĹβҲľӽٻ֮С
һŷӽβͬʱӴԴԴҲ֮
ٴμСʱ֮󣬹ŷûѾ뵽۾֮еĺˮȻٵƫѪΣʱһȼյԴ֮С
εҩȻ֤˹ŷƶϡҩ˳ǶԵģͣԾɫԴȼţҩļû͡һϵҲûŷɶҩչ˳ŷˣҲ¶һ˿οЦ⡣
ʱŷͻȻһ㱣еҲûǰԵЩ
ֽ뵽ƣ״̬ˡ
УҲܻʹȥҲܷ᲻ˣȻʧˣұҵ͸ңԶһˣ
ŷҧأ˦˦ͷȻѪ˿ȴ޷ڸǼᶨɫʣ
ֻ֣ҧ֣ܹʤ
ŷ֪ȥĻԼԶ޷ͻѹصġΨҧȥŻһʤ⡣
ʱһһڹȻŷѾûκһˬĵطȫˮʪˣȴûʱȥЩˣΪֻһоǾȵ
ڿԸһŴ˯ĻԱ֤Ҫ룬ܹ̽硣ɴ˿ɼʱľǶôľ޴ˡ
ʱٴι˴ԼʮңŷҲֲȥˣֱǰһڣ˹ȥһ¯Ƶҩûֱˡ
ʱʱƮһҩ㣬ҩԭ򣬹ŷľָĺܿ졣Сʱŷͬȵ˯һƵģѾָ۷״̬
˫ۣѳһ¯ϵҩģŷ岻̾һ
ֻߴλˣҪӰѾˣ
Ƭҩ԰вٵĹβݡѪΡջζҩģŷ岻ûֱժǣɾͲֹֻʮλˡһ룬˵ȴǻôܻ᲻ע⵽Щϸڣ
ֻҪԼһ꣬㱻µμ¼һδͨ뷨ŷҲֻˣû׼ȥΥ
ҩ
ĴΣŷСʱ˹ȥ
ѹûκεľɥлŸʧܵԭȻҩ
ΣСʱ˹ȥ
ΣСʱ
ߴΣ߸Сʱ
ŷһ·ҧƴţҲͬһ·š
첻ˣֱڰ˴ʱŷڼֵζҩĺ϶Ϊһʱ̡
ҩŷֵʱ䣬Ѿȥ˾ŸСʱֻһɳɹˡ
ζҩĵĺ϶Ϊһ۳ҩҩΪҪҲΪѵһڡ
粻֪жλҩ츳˶ǿһϣӴˣԵҩҵ
ˣŷֻдʮֵľӭһȻѾ۵þƣߣ㱡ȴҧš
ʱʵǳܲסˣŷ͵ҧһ⣬ʱܲסľԺôһ㡣
ѾѪҧ̫ΣѾ˿ڵԵʣŷȴԴ˺⣬ΪʱֻһǾǣ֡
ζҩľڹŷĿ£ȵڻ࿿£ںţζҩľݵһɲǣŷҲܲס뾫˫ƣ͵һѪӿŷҲ֮²ʡ
ʱţ̫ƣˣҩĸ£ĸСʱŷתѣҲͬʱָ۷״̬
˫۵ĵһʱ䣬ŷյҩԱߣۿԼƽ
ǵʵһ˲䣬ζҩĶˣֻǲ֪ûгɹ
̫ڼŷҩǵ˫ֶƲסĲţһҩڵʱʱ͵˵
ֻҩڵڣʮСָ״СĳϢıɫСҩ裬ұߵİһͬǳϢɫҺ壬ŷ֪ɹˡ

ŷҩǣҩڳɹɵĵҩҩҺЦԽЦԽֻ۽ǣȴһžӨ
εĳɹԤʾڽӵһƬԼգӴ˰۵ݣȵʱ죬Լ뿪ż֮󣬱ǳ֮գˡ
ٸҹҹշתߣܹնԼļȻ衣ٸҹҹ̿ԼֻΪܹʵԼ롣
ڣһеһУʵ֣ƽ
λҩʦҩʦԼûͨĻ͵ƾԼʮеڰ˴ξͳɹҩɹһƷеȵҩľ츳ͿڻҰ½ӵ˿ɱȵϵݡ
ˣεĿͨԼ߳żң֮İˣ
Ȼˣܹͨο飬ΪƷߵҩʦĴ˵Ļǿ϶õѡҲڴʱҲ֮Ժ֮


9 ͨ
ܺãͨп飬ʸΪĴˣ
ǲȴƵŷȴûܵκӰ죬Ǵ˵
ͨп飿ΪĴˣǻûв
ŷţһʱûŪԼʲôʱֿͨ顣
ûȹŷɻãԺбֱһɼӴϢռݣʱһĻĻ棬һϢԸԺ֮С
֮ĸҩģ֮޼ҩҩ֪ʶռеʶʱʹԴһʹ
ûʱԥŷϥԭأʼ˳ԼԺеĸϢ
ҩĵıϼԣһĸҩ֪ʶ޼ҩΨһϧЩҩͳͳǶƷ֮µģЩƷ֮ϵģȴǻɵһƬ۹ŷȥ
ȻЩƷ֮ϵҩ˽ƣֻеȵŷҩȼˣܹЩҩϢŷѾΪ֪ˡ
Щҩĵıϼԣһĸҩ֪ʶֶƷ֮µҩֵѾ޷ˣοֻҪԼҩȼﵽ˱׼ܹۿӸ߶˵ҩˣˣʲô֪أ
ЩϢУŷҲԼΪʲôͨҩʦҩʦĿˡ
ҩʦģ˵ľҪһżȿΪҩʦģҩ;ֻҪһģȡÿʧ֮ĽѵټԸĽͨˣ⣬ŷȻͨˡ
ҩʦ⣬˵ҩʦҩ־ᶨҩ;УΨм֡֡ټֱֵ֣޷Ϊֹҩʦ־
ȻҲö˵ŷÿζǼֵ޷ֲŵ˻ʣҲ˵Ѿȫͨ˿顣
벻βԼȻ˼Ǻǡ
ŷոջ׼οģȴ벻Լҩ;ѾͨˣнңҲͬʱΪԼŬûа׷ѶеԵĸˡ
ҡҡͷȥЩŷվӣߵҩԵǸǰǿϳĲ˲ʱһҩƿһ鼮ǰ
Ժ֮еϢŷ֪Щ϶ڷһЩʲôˡ
Щƿһ󲿷ֵĿƿ֮⣬һСֶרԼ˵ĵҩҩҺ͸Լ˵Щ鼮һռĸ޼似
似Ǳ߲ܹӵϰѧڣֻʽˣ似ȴڵܹӳģΪҪӳ似ֻʹñ֮⣬Բܡ
似ַΪƼؼ켶ÿһгСߵ֮֡
켶ľͲ˵ˣҰ½ҲֻļܹӵУؼǻҰ½һܹӵеģǶܹӵеģ͵ȵĻƼȴΪձ飬һλߣӵһֵĻƼ似඼ǻƼȵġ
żңӵе似ҲֻǻƼߵȣ似ûУҲֻƹҲӵһȵ似
ҲˣĪƹҵͳελҲɴ˿ɼߵȼ似Ǻϡˡ
߶˵似ͬ߶˵ҩһ㣬ȫǮҲ򲻵޼֮
ŷµϣȴŲʮ켫似
켫似ŷǴûԼһӵеģԼԺеϢе֪ʱ򣬹ŷһ˷ܵʹȥ
֪ʮ켫似һڻҰ½ʱٺ䶯ɱҲֻˣȻɵԼӵʮ켫似й¶ȥġ
öȻԼĬĬ档

һŷ˫ֹסĸһʮ޼۵켫似˦˦ͷ׿ڱۿ֪Լóȥҩռˡ
벻ҩռһʱ䣬ȥĻżǱ߾Ͳýˡ
ԺеϢŷ֪ǸСҩҲҩΪԼѪҺԼټԼͨĿ飬ӡĽҲ漴ԼֻҪһԽˡ
ߵ⣬ŷͻȻϥ£ͷ
֪ԴԼԺ֮жЩ޼۵Ϣ֮ӴʧˡȻŷûмҲûĽ̻壬ƾԼµЩʹӴ˸ıԼԼ⼸ͷʦͽ֮
ллʦҵһұضᶪʦ棬󽫸Ŭʦ֮Ҷ
ŷм¶˵ĻȻûзĵĳɷ棬ȴǹŷµֿԡ
ٶ룬ŷվٴĿһۺһʧҩռ֮ڡ
ŷոһǸҩռ䣬žžžž漴ŵϵҲ
ŷ壬ŷ壬ڲڰ
ŷһæվƣһǰڷϵҩû֮С
ˣ
ŷ첽ߵǰѷ˨Ӵ򿪣ŵϵԼǰ
ŷ壬ڸأ㼸ˣӰΪء⼸㶼ڸﰡ
ŵϿ΢ЦĹŷ壬Դ֮ʵ
Ŷûʲô⼸е㲻һֱڴϵġ
ŷڹŵ¶˿˿֮⾡۵ףҲͦů͵ġ
ڹżңŷϵõľҪǰĹŵˣҲͬǹ¶ԭƽʱ̸ͦġ
ˣҪҪȥҩʦûԴĻﻹжʮġ
ŵһŷ⼸ˣæʵ
Ҫ֪ԴЩ˵˵ļҵˣŵ˵һĻǼ⣬ŷ嶼һů΢Цҡҡͷ˵㿴Ҫȥҩʦ𣿷İɣûʲô£һСðѣѾˡ
ŵ󣬵˵ͷҲûϸȥˣ˷ܵ˵ŷ壬֪֪ΪҪүһȥ⣬һ¼嶼ûаκ飬ʱںú׼׼
ŷһʼЩĹżҹ»Լ⼸춼û£һвɷ
µľǹżԼ⼸ȥ˸ôشһС˵ڣùż֪ԼܵĻԼЩ޷棬Լѱˡ
һʲô鶼˰̫ˡ
ŷ˷ܵ˵
⵹װ˷ܵӵģǵȷ˷ܡΪһµʱ䣬ԼҲʱȥҩռںúõооҩ似ˡ
ȻԼ似ԼܹȰЩʽѧϰһңԼϢ棬ŷ廹֪ȥǰԼ׼һݴ
ݴҲԼδ
ˣŷ壬ǹҪȥһ£ҪԸʲô顣
ĵ𾢣ŵϺȻԼæ˵
½ңӦǷԸͬˡŷ뵽
ţõģϾȥ
ŷ˵ͷӦһŵͬСݣţ͹ŵϴ˸к󣬱żҹµסȥ


10 
£ң
ŷµסţش
ǹŷ𣿽ɡ
һ˵
ŷԣŶ㿴һλڵľϣޱĿԼ
£ʲôԸ
ŷٴιʵ
ţҲûʲôҪ飬Ǻ˵˵·;Ҫע
ƺԹŷĹ⣬˵ͷ˵һɱСͬȥǧҶҺһɱ;дΪϻɱˣĳЩԴޣ֪𣿡
ŷһ漴ָ̬˵ͷشǡ
ڻҰ⣬ȷǲܡҶҺػĳЩԴޣǾԶߵʵҲֵסӶȫû
ţȥɣҾͺ˵ôࡣֻҪסһ㣬ƴӱɣԻάʮԴġ
ºŷĶ£˻ֺ󣬱Թ˵һ裬ȥŷˡ
ŷ幪һ֮󣬱߳⣬ţżʳȥ
ʱ䣬ԼûгԷˣҩռʱ˿ûиоҲǾ̫ڼеԭ򣬵γǸоǰˡ
ȥʳͷһ߲һեˣ˵Ĺŷ嵹ǳԵýζ˶ӡ
ʵ˽֮⣬ƽʱûκʳģÿ춼ͷҲǹŷΪʲôɫƣɫԭˡ
Ա֮󣬹ŷҲϢֱܵŵµĵط˵ʱԼеҪ׼ͲҪԼˣȻܻͣԼס׼ȥ׼ĺش
صԼСݣ˨˨ӣһŷʧԭء
˱ǣһڣָ״̬
ҩռ䵹һõطˣֻҪһСᣬȫָˡ
ŷԼ״̬
ٶ룬ŷ̧Žţߵܱߣҩƿ˵ҩƿߵ£Ժ֮лµϢ
ƿװĶ˵һݳҩ
ƿװ׵ĵҩҩҺר¸ԼĴ֮õġԺ֮еϢҩĵȼȻƷߵȣ
ͬҩһҩҩҺͬŵȼ֣֮ҩǵҩҩҺԷ־ƷÿһƷгСߵ֮֡ȼԽߵģԽƣҲԽϡ
ڹŷƷߵҩƹٷ֮ٻѪս
Ҫ֪ƹڵȼߵҩʦҲֻǶƷҩͽҩʦˣƵҩҲֻǶƷȵġ
ҩﲻ˵ÿһƷ˵ÿһȣҩЧ֮𣬸ο׵ǿʵҩҩ֮УǿʵҩΪɴ˿ɼŷŵҩǺˡ
ָ˵ʣʹñôõʿԸһ¥ҩڳΪ֮ǰԣЧõġ
˵ܰӹţҲȴʹʹߵʱ֮ǰ֪Ҫ϶ٱԽģЧԽãҲǹŷΪλ˼Ҫʹõԭˡ
ƷߵȵҩҷҩҺ֮ҹŷҲڿԲƽӹˣңҲܹӵͬһˣ
ŷ˫ֲ⽫Լһӵҩ۽ʪ󣬼
ʮˣʮˣܾ䳰ȷܾ޷ǿҹҹʱתǳأ
ϥã˫ۣʹ֮ƽ֮󣬹ŷƿҩѰӴ򿪣ʱһƿдŷһٸȫ泩
治ƷߵȵҩƵһƷеȲҩζ֪Ҫ϶٣ҩЧΰ
ŷ̾һ֮ҲٶѵϵƿҩҺ㿪ʼϸĵԼϵĸλʼͿĨ
ҩǿڷģҩҺȴҪͿĨġ˵ҩҺͲܿڷˣǿڷĻͿĨϵҩЧۿۣˣҩҺͿĨѵķ
ҩҺΪɫŷСĵε֮УٴԼŵ׿ʼʼ־ȵͿĨ
ҩҺһͿĨϣеģ㿪ʼȣȵŷͿӵʱͿĨҩҺĵطһ㣬ŷ֪ҩЧʼˡ
ӿٶȣȵͷҲͿĨҩҺ֮󣬹ŷƿҩҲֱӵ£ϥãʼȴҩЧķ
ȣͬں濾һ㣬һӣŷͨպĸ

ԽԽͣŷҧһ̲֮סһ˫ֽգֱͷϵǿɲ
̫ˣŷһʹԼԺͦȥưʹȴѾܹܵļޡ
ܾʹ˻ʹȥΪһʹȥ֮ҩЧٲһˡлãͱиҪԼʣǿʣͱͬļ尾ŷ嶮ãֻҧӲͦҵʹ
žžž
ŷϣ˫ȭƴô񴲣ԴϵʹУҲҺùŷʵǿҲҺúܽʵҪȻʱѾˡ
ʱ仺ŷҲڸоʲôˣôһСŷȴоƹһһ㡣Ҫٽ֮ʱͬưʹУҲڿʼļڣֹˡ
ꡢꡢ꣡
ŷ˿̳ӣŴ棬һҲ붯ˡ
ֱǷ˵ĥԼС󣬶ûܹʮ֮һӦǰٷ֮һʹֵףǣԼڰ˹
ŷϣŴŸղŵʹɲһԼԺҲһʺ󣬱øղŵʹֱûȣţŷǲɵֿˡ
ҹŷӽԺҲƽӹˣ޾֮·ұΪһʹƽӹһȴû뵽һεתҽƽˣ
ŷ˿ȫ͵ӣôЦЦУ͸δ޵
ţôйɳζҩռӦȫҩŶ԰
ȹŷ΢ƽһ¼֮ͻȻŵһɲ֪ĶζһѭζȥȴȻ֣Լ治֪Ӻʱһ壬˱ǵĳζǴɫ洫ġ
Ӧ֮ë֮йʰɣû뵽ڵʾȻֲ֮࣬ҵʻ˵Ĳ
ŷоһ֮ȷĺɫʲôˣҲԼΪʲô˵Ĳˡ
ÿ˵ڻٶôһʣЩʵĶҲһ˵Σųڵʣʮ֮ǰΪѣΪʮ֮ǰڳĽ׶Σʮ֮ˡ
ȻŷҲѾʮ꣬ȴǰѣҲ̫
̫ˣҲֲģȥϴɾٽоЩ似ɡ
ٴϢһС󣬹ŷҲָòˣ󣬱㴩·һʧҩռ֮ڡ


11 似似

ŷװˮľͰš
ոܹļ尾ҲƣĹֲܣһɽˮľͰǾͱһˡ
һС֮󣬹ŷ㿪ʼϴԼճŵʣһ峺ˮúġ
ȥͰˮܹϴɾ
ŷЦĿԼµͰˮҡҡͷ
û취ҪԼڵ̫ˣټƷߵҩǿҩЧڵʣȻųҲͶˡ
ʣȻųԽԽá
ٴ˻Ͱˮ֮󣬹ŷϵĺɫҲϴɣȴϸɾ·֮󣬶ʱ;һˬ
֮ǰ֮󣬹ȻûȰ
ŷоĿǰˬɸ̾
۲Լʱ򣬺Ȼоһǰûйǿо
ѵ
ŷҲ룬ɱżҵ䳡ڵĲʯߣæַȥ
ȻƷߵҩﰡʣųʣȻҵʵף
ŷ忴Ųʯʾġסɫ֣ͷЦ
ҺѾǻƻʱ֣ȫȥʳóԷˣһ˿ŷȼǾͲýˡ
Ҫ֪ʱʹһףַ˼ٶҪùż֪˵Ļҩ˵Ҫ¶ˡ
ڹŷµùżҵ֪Լӵҩ޼֮ˡ
ٴ˷ܵĳһ۲ʯϵĽɫֺ󣬹ŷѹס飬æСܵԼС棬ʼ׼
ȹŷٴγҩռʱֻһͰˮһĨһӣװȫͷե˵ʳ
һ죬ҩռ֮о似ɣЩʺҵġ
ŷЩʳ׼һ춼ҩռ֮оʺԼ似ԱԼΪܹ֮似
˵֮ǰڳɾͱ߻ЩĲĻڸղԼɹԼʵȻͻ֮ڵ˵ˡ
ģǽǱʵ֮ϵģ仰û
ˮͰӽݺ󣬹ŷûϾȥЩ޼۵켶似ȰӷϣóˮͰĨ㿪ʼڵĻҳ
ԼԺҲˣݵĻҳ붼û绨ʱȥŪɾҲôһʱ䡣
һСʱ֮ڻȻһ£ıҩ㣬̵ݰ裬ŷĵ˵ͷ
ڿԿʼЩ켶似ˣ
ŷ峤һ֮ȥ
ŷ˫ִЩ켶似ʱ˫Ѿ̲סĿʼˡ
켶似Ұ½ҲֻЩܹӵеİȴʮŷʱѾ޷Լĵĸˣֻĵ
˺һ󣬹ŷҲƽ˫Сĵʮ켶似ߵߵϾʼϸĵĹۿ
Ȼǰ켶似Թŷܹ׵ģ˺üǰһĨڣ֪ơֻ飬ǿܹס
츫䡷
츫һʹ˫似Ƿ֮ڣҲֻҪе˽ԼߣԼˡԵԶŷֻһۣϲⲿ似
һʹù似ܹǧ֮ɱ֮УĪ⣬ܹñ֪ôġ
ⲿ䡷ȴһ似ȻڹŷܹǿףҪϰֻڳΪ֮󡣾ܹʽҲûκεôⱾ似ֻܵȵԼΪ֮оˡ
Ȼ߱켶似ԼҲôϲŷȴѾˡǻҰ½ÿһҲֻһ켶似ѣԼܹͬʱ켶似кβأ
Ѱ䡷˱似·ԭ֮󣬹ŷԼϵġ츫롶ʼо
츫־żÿһȣȡеߵȡÿһȣҪǿһ롣ÿһҪǿһࡣ
˸ְԵ׵ʽ֮⣬һУնֻܳΪ֮󷽿
ͬΪżÿһ֣֮˸ֹĪļ֮⣬ҲͬһУռ뷽նһҲֻڳΪ֮
治켶似ÿһȣҪǿһ롣ÿһҪǿһ࣡ǿ似Ҳȷֻ켶似ܹӵУ
ŷڿ似ļ֮󣬲̾ΨһźǣҪָ빭ܹϰʽ
һǿǲܵţЩȷŷţҳȥŪϰʽɣ
ŷεҡҡͷ׼ȥ취ŪʱͻȻסˡ
ҽΪ֮ҲҪģǺβھȥƳڹأ
ŷ忴صҩͻȻ뵽
Ժ֮еϢ˵ֻҪԼһɹͨĿ֮ҩռڵƷԼȥȻˣԼΪβֱӹ򼸰ѱأ
һԼȻӵԼıŷ㲻һ󼤶
ĶҪµԴǰѱˮȻƷʣŷ쿴֮ҲһĽȴ벻ԼȻôܹӵԼıˣҡ
ŷ忴صҩģһЦƷʾԻȹǱߣ
ҩ뱾ͬҲƷ֮֡
ҩĹ־ƷÿһƷгСߵ֮֡
һƷΪҩģƷΪмҩģƷΪ߼ҩġԽǸ߼ҩģҲͱԽϡ١ҩռڵҩģҲһƷеȵġ
ûϸֻ֣ʮǱˮֻһһİˡ
ȻͬƷ׵ҩļ۸ܺͬƷıȣĻͲһˡ
ƳĵҩҩҺҪͬƷıϲ٣˵һһƷеȵĵҩۼĸԴҪһһԴļǮǾ͸Ҫ˵ͬƷ׵ҩˡ
ҵֱӳҩأҩȻأ
ŷ󣬱ö⡣Ƴҩ֮ٳ۰ɣô˵ҲһһƷеҩͽҩʦˣԴҲ
ʼŷҩ츳ȴǼ
Ҫ֪Ұ½ϣûйһܹһٴβܹͨҩģŷĵڰ˴ξͳɹͨ¼ֱһƷеȵҩҩ츳ǻҰ½ʷΪġ
ҩʦҲͬŵȼ֣־ƷÿһƷҲųСߵ֮֡һƷΪҩͽҩʦĵƷΪҩʦҩʦߵƷΪʦҩʦ
һƷߵȴʦҩʦҩʦҵѾΪˡ
ÿһ뵽ԼȻһ컹ܹΪһƷߵȴʦҩʦĴˣŷ㲻Ц


12 ˵
ŷϢ֮УҩԳƵǺŷܹƵһƷеµҩʤһ䣬ҵһȽϺʵҩ
˵ҩͨ׶һ˵ʱµһֵҩƷΪһƷеȡ
ҩ֮УʵҩΪ󣬵ڶıҪָֻƵҩˡһƷеȵĸ˵ŷ붼üǮ
ʵָֻƵҩ֮⣬ŷԺ֮лкܶʵҩ׵ҩǲ٣ŷ忼ʱõǸҩǼļ۸Ҳ֪Ҫ϶ٱ
ŷȴǲƣһƳҩŷԻᱻƹƹܱ֪Ǿ͵òʧˡ
ֽ׶ΣʵΪҪûܹԱʵ֮ǰǵ͵ĺá
˵ҩҩģҩռҲ࣬ŷҲûҩơ
뵽ŷϥڰٻǰʼ˵Ʒ
ֹˮѾɹΪһһƷеҩͽҩʦĹŷ壬һ״̬ʼ˸˵
ҩĹŷҲѾɼһжʮݣܹɹΣҪŷľˡ
ʵһΪҩʦ֮󣬾ͲʱҪôܹɹˣȻҲгɹʣʧȴ֪ҪС϶١
һҩʦɹ֮ͨ󣬳ɹҲǲģʮܹ֮γɹҰ½һЩ͵ҩʦɹʱﵽʮ֮εĳɹʡ
ŷ壬ԼʮξԿԳɹߴΣ⻹ǱصĹơţԴӹܱȵҩ츳
ٶ룬ŷһʮɫĿԴ֮ʮԴ֮󣬱ԴǶһʱһεɫԴȼն
ҩƷȵȣҪԴҲǲͬġϴιŷƵġҩһαҪһöʮɫԴΣǲҪôģһʮɫԴң㹻εˡ
Դȼһ֮󣬹ŷһʱ䣬ԥıһζҩıͶٻ֮УһζҩľͱԴƵֻʣĲ֡
ɹһҩ֮󣬹ŷ࣬ټµı飬һĸ˵ǵӦ֡
ȻʱȫҲͬˮ͸ȴûһ˿͵·һжˮһ㣬ɵȻ⣬ҩ츳
ʱ仺һζһζҩҲͣıŷͶ뵽ҩ֮УڣһСʱ֮һ˱ǵҩڴҩƳɹˡ
ŷҲ˲ڵҩɵһ̣һŵİƿѵҩͳͳװ˽ȥϸӣһ
ҩƳһ̵ҩЧʧģһͣ٣ҩЧ̴Թŷ岻òСġ
ѵҩҩҺװƿȴǿԱ֤ҩҩҺҩЧʧҲΪʲôеҩﶼðƿװԭˡ
ȹһС֮󣬹ŷŰѰƿϵİӸ򿪣һһŰɫɰСҩ˳
ŰɫСҩ裬ֻСָָ׸ǴСͨӨɢ˵㣬ֻһۣŷ֪Ÿ˵ҩЧܴﵽһƷеȵ۷壡
һŶüǮˣһҩıƳʮңһƿһƿͱȱˮļ۸Ҫϲ٣ţĸҵԴɣ
ŷһƿ˵ļǮ󣬶ʱЦ춼ϲ£ˡ
Ҫ֪һιŷҪһ԰ʮҩȫģĳɹʣҲԳɹƳʮƿ˵
һÿһƿſĸҵԴʮƿǡ
죡ŷ붼룡ǿԴ
ֲҩʦŵҵˣܹӵݣܹĲƲӵеĲƲͲְҵɱȵģֻһ¯ҩֵܱȵһһˣ
ŷ岻ипһ󣬱㲻ٶ͵ϥʼָ˾
ΪɹȡγɹƵҩľ飬ƹŷˮ
ƽһСʱƳһƿٻһСʱ׼ϢҲСʱܹٴơֲٶɹʣҲȷֻŷ켶츳ܹӵеģ
ڻҰ½ϣһΪʮСʱŷֻʱ䣬ʮҩȫʹˣмҲû˯ʲôģҩռ֮ڣƺо
ĿɿڴǣʮҩģŷĳɹʼȻﵽ˾˵ʮŷݣ켶츳˵ȥ֤ȫ½ҩʦ
ȹŷɵʮƿ˵һһŷʱŷ͸оͬһ㡣
ʱûԼôһ죬ǰƽӹΪƺǰתۼ䣬ԼΪ˾ƷߵȴʦҩʦĴˣһҩ츳ԼʣҲԸƣҲõ޷ˡ
Ҳɴ˿ɼͬյƲһ仯޳
п˼ŷСĵպʮƿ˵֮Ҳͣһʧҩռ֮ڡ
ȹŷʱ糿ʱ֣ѵõûѩη磬Ȼɺ䣬ȴҲƽʱůͲ١
ΪٹһʱҪȥˣڹżҶڹŷҲûʲôƣżҲҪˡҲ÷˹ŷ
ƹȻֻһСΪƹ׶ƳǣģֵߵĸֵĿùŷۻҡ
ΪżҵۣһŶҪ٣һܹ뵽١
ŷ壬ӱżִ¼֮ҲֻιżҶѣǵΣ˶Ƴڵĸﶼǳ˺ġ
ӻꡢװꡢꡢ꣬ŷһߺĿЩڵƷһѰſԳҩĵطͻȻһҵǰĸʾ˹ŷ塣
ҵֽ򱦸󡯣ͦţһ֣ſڵĸʾȴдۺչƷ۸Թ
ţҲҡ򱦸󡯵ô󣬼۸Ӧòв
ŷ۲һҵ֮󣬵˵ͷҩˡ
̧Žţȴװ޵ҲǺǽܶҹ̵ҲǻʯҪ֪ҹ뻨ʯֶļ۸ǲƵģ͹˵Կ򱦸Ĳƴ֣ŷҲԼҵҩȽϷˡ
Ϊڻ糿ʱֵԭǺֻܶ࣬ȼѡѡ
ãҪƷػǳƷ
ڹŷ̾򱦸Ĳƴ֮ʱȻӭһӦǵԱŮЦŷʵȻŮ΢ЦŷȴǴпһ˿벻м
ŷЦЦͷԼŵһ۷װȷģôԼܹİ۲֪ж٣˶ŮĲмҲô⡣
۶ģһЩҪۡ
ŷ˵

Ůƺ͹ŷϻŷҪ۶ٴһ˿мǰ·
ŷҲæŮ򱦸Ķ¥ȥ
򱦸ȷǲСһ㣬һǳһЩȽϳƷĵطڶչ¥ϣӦǳһЩȽϸ߼ϡٵĶ¥ˡ


13 򱦸
ŮѹŷһͷڼһǶʱ㻰Ҳ˵ת뿪ˣӦȥкĿˡ
ŷЦЦûȥŮ̬ȣǺĴǰˡ
Ȼ˵㹻Դˣ˳һЩյҩ֮⣬ȻϣȴϵüĻŷǰλˣȻû̧ͷŷ⿴ͷɹҲ߰˰ˡ
ãһЩ
ŷվԭأ˴ŰСʱң˻ɲļеһ˿ûͣ˼ŷʵ̲סˣɿ˵
ŷ̧ͷܵ˹ŷһԼղŵĹǱصˣ˼ңҲǧˣ
ʵڻҰ½ϣǧ˲٣ĶࡣֻҪ⣬㹻ԴĻôҲпܵġ
ŶһЩʲôóҿ
ϺޱĿһ۹ŷϴŵ۷װ֮󣬼̶ֵͷȥеȥˡΪһóʲôмֵĶ
ŷҲϻֱӴӻͳʮƿ˵ǰ
ţҩ
˱ĵļеǱŷѰƿһŵǰʱעڼ
Ҫ֪ƹڣҩʦҲҴ󲿷ֶǸˣƵҩ󲿷ҲȫǸԼڲʹã¶гϵҩ֮٣˵һŷóİҩƿڿʼ
װҩ
˻ǵ˫ɨ˹ŷ弸֮󣬻е㻳ɵʵ
Ҳ֪װǲҩЩżȻһҵġ
ŷ嵱Ȼֱӳҩüͷװ޷϶ı
Ȼ󣬶ʱȻҲٶʣеһƿ˵һ򿪰ʱƿоƮһŨҩ㣬˻ǵ˫һ˿֮ɫ
Ũҩ㣡
˾ȵһ֮æСбƿһŰɫĵҩҲ֮ϼ֮С
еĸ˵յǰ˿ʼϸĶӦǿʼҩĵȼˡ
ŷ尲վһԣҲûȥ˵ļǹ۲ܡ
һ¥࣬Ҳм˵ġ¥ȴǳ˹ŷ֮⣬Ҳûһˡ
ҲϹŷ⣬ڣԽ͵Խá
¥װҲǺƷȴֻǱװƷùŷһզࡣ
ڹŷ廷ܣΪ򱦸զ಻֮ʱ˵ļҲˡ
ʵʦҵҲһźܸѧʣҪ纣ĺ֪ʶʶҪջĶ۹⡣
Ҳֻ΢ôһĲƽﻹã޼֮ĻǴʧǲصġ
Ҳ˲һλʦɵһϰߣǾǲǸƷǵƷƷԼȫаΪֹ
˵ˣʦ֮ҲЩġ˵ǰλˣŷҿ϶һһļʦΪֻ˲ӣ˵ĵȼˡ
ǸһǳļʦĻûаСʱǾԼġ
ȷҩһǱȽƵĵҩи˵ȼΪһƷеȡ
̧ͷ˵ԼļŷҲʱ¶ϲı飬ЦЦƶ켷һˣȻ˵˵ֻһƷеȣҩЧȴǴﵽһƷеȵ۷壬ֻһһƷߵȵҩˡ
ң⻹ҩͨģĸ¡ԣЩҩǸչ۸Դһƿ
£
ŷɴ˫ۣǲ˼顣
ιŷ嵹װģʼƵļ۸ֻĸһƿģû뵽ȻԴһƿʵһѣ֮ģȴһϲ
ÿһƿ£ʮƿǾ͵Ƕ˸µԴÿһƿΪµĻǾ͵ʮһĸ£
ʮһĸ£ŷ̾ѣҩʦ׬Ǯǻ
ʵȻҩʦ׬Ǯȷܿ죬ȴûйŷôš
ͱ˵һҩʦÿһ¯ĳɹʲɶѣЩ͵ģҲɵĳɹʣϵҩļĵԴĻǳɱɾʹˡ
˵ȷϳɱһҩʦֻܴ׬ȡʮԴ͵Ҳֻ׬ȡʮԴѡ
ŷģνǶһңҲ˵˹ŷҩ츳֮
ǺǣСѣȻԼôҩʵ
ЦǺǵĿŹŷ壬ƺҲ
ŷʱҲѾع⼸ܹľϲѾЩľˣ˶εľϲҲû̫ʧ̬
Ȼûôϲˣŷȴװɾϲѵı˵ңҲû뵽һҷС꣬ͻĶ
ЦЦҲٶ˵ڻͳһƤǮӣóһöɫһöɫԼöɫԴҷϣִӻͳһͭƬһ棬Ȼ̧ͷԹŷ˵һʮһĸµԴң㡣
ŷг˾ϲһööɢ΢âԴңͷ˵ԵĶԵģһʮһĸµԴҡ
Ȼ֪ԼӵôԴңõȴһָоˡ
С󣬹ŷõֵԴҲһöʮɫԴңȴһܹõһöʮɫԴңһöһɫԴңöһµĺɫԴңЩɶԼǰûпİ
򱦸ͭԱ򱦸Ʒ9.8Żݡ
ЦЦָͭɫĿƬԹŷ˵
ŷȥʼЩɻΪʲôóһͭĿƬڵȻˡȴ˵˾䣬Ϻꡣ
˿϶ǿԼôԴԼѰɡѲѣ򱦸ûκʧ
Ҷһ˵9.8۵ŻݻǺ˵ġ룬ſڹŷ˵ǺʵõģԼҪһЩƷˣӦое򱦸ڹҲǲѡ
ҵȷҪһЩ
ŷӹԱ˵빺һЩһЩƷ֪ûأ
򱦸ӦоУûҲǿԶƵġ򱦸רҵʦֻҪǳƷԿԶ
һЦ˵
ŷ۾һȻԶǿٺòˡ˵ֻҪǹͿˣ츫ȴǱȽˡ
ڻҰ½ϣ඼ǽࡢȣͷϡ٣ο˫
̫ˣھȥȥûҪ
ŷЦЩȲˡ
Լǰζܹӵеİ


14 ľڹǹ
ǺǣСҪʲôȼأ
˽ס׼ȥһ¥ѡĹŷ壬ͷɻԼ漴͵һ¥ֻѰһˣ¥¥һЩȽϸ߶˵
ŷЦЦͷţҾȥ¥ȥ
Ǹ¥ݿȥɣԻ˽Ӵġ
ָһ¥ݿ˵
ŷ˵ͷˣ¥ȥ
ŷıӰʧ¥ڵʱ˱ǻǵ˫ͻȻⱬ˿ǵӡ
ģ
һ⣬ǣȴŵҩʦζҿһʦϸոƹŸ˵ҩζùң䲻ȴȻܹƳһƷеȵҩҩҩЧﵽ۷壬һҩʦ
˿ŹŷȥķͻȻһʧԭأ֪ȥ˺δ
ŷǲ֪ԼݴӿʼѾ¶ˣʱ¥˷ܵһƷ֮ѡź
Ϊ򱦸ͭԱ¥ĵҲͲῴŷͷΪŷһһЩԼԡ
Ƕṉ̀ͨɴﵽףǱʹĻ̿ɴﵽɲİ˰ףֹҲܹ󹭼ߵϲ
Ƕľ幭ɵ˵ֻͨﵽİףʹֻﵽ߰ףɱݣҲߵϲ
ǣ
ŷڵԱ£ǸƣƺЩô̫Լ⡣
ͻȻһŰڹ̨мĹ˹ŷҲŲ۾ˡ
ʲô
ŷ˻ڽ˵ĵԱָŹ̨мŹʵ
ĵԱ㶣˳Źŷָķȥæش۹ãõĹ֮һˣľڹǹͨ̾ʹﵽ߰ףʹĻǴﵽ˵һǧף۸񡭡
Աʵһʼû׼ŷ˵ŷֳͭԱЩ߹֮⣬һ˿ġ
ŷǴ۷װʶԱΪŷඥҲֻṺѡ
ŷûᵼԱĻֱľڹǹϸĹۿ
ľڹǹںɫͷһͷǣмִǵŹǣ𵽷ңŷʱ֪ǼٵģҲ̲סĵһ
ĲȻֻľʣӲ̶ȴǿȸԼãɳܵǼġ乭Ҳ֪ʲôɵģŷʹһ㣬һɣһζڱϴ˳ùŷбһȡ
ù
ŷȻҲ֪ѵһĺùܶԼҲһҪ
ľڹǹãҾˣ
ŷ尮ֵİһ֮󣬱ЦŶŰվһԵĵԱ˵
ȷҪŹҪԴ
ĵԱ㶣̲סѵ
ŷüͷֱӴӻͳöʮɫԴңƯ۾ľĿʵ˰ɣ
Աعæ¶Цݣͷ˵˹ˡ
ţٴȥͷıɡ
ŷѳɫԴ·Żؿڴ֮ٴ˵
ͷı
ڿŷöɫԴ֮ԱȻȸղŸˣŷ廹Ҫѡæǰ·һ·¶ЦҲӵĶ
Ҫ֪ЩԱÿɹù˿͹һƷǱԻӦɣ˿ĶǮԽõҲԽߡ
ŷľڹǹԱԻʮԴɣÿһµҲһ¶ѣҲ˵ÿһµҲֻԼģԷǮûУֻпάˣʮԴɣ˵Ǽһˡ
Ϊʹõ߱Ƚϡ٣˸ҲǺֻܶ࣬ѣҶֻǶġûкأ
Աѹŷ˸̨ϣĿŹŷ˵
ŷٹһĻ֮඼ҪΪѶˡΪʮԴѾ㹻һˡ
ŷ忴ǰ⼸ͷҡҡͷ
ЩȻǸͷЩһֻǲĴͷԼĿеСָԶ
ûҪġ
ŷҡҡͷ˵ڵԱʧ֮ʣŷȴּ˵붨ҪԶƣ

Աһȴæع˷ܵ˵ͣǰ棬룬
ɣǿǱֱӹɻҪ߰
˵꣬ǰ·ЦǾͱжˡ
ŷ忴ŵԱԽЦݣЦЦ󣬱
ĵط˵ˣʵһңźüӵĶʦæµŸԵ顣
ԱŷһΪ׳ʵͣͷĹһ߲źһŷ
ʦλ˵Ҫһġ
ԱڼʦĶʦ󣬹˵ԱӣȻλʦ򱦸ĵλ͡
ʦŵԱ˵ͷ󣬱תͷŷʵСѣ֪ҪʲôأֻҪǳļҶԶó
ʦ͸¶һš
붨һָľͿˡ
ŷ˵
һָ
ʦʵ֪СҪʲôԵʯ
ʯ뵽ʯͷֻʯǱ
ʯнľˮ硢֣֮˽ľˮǳʯ֮⣬ԺԵʯΪϡġ
ʯ֮⣬Ҳͬŵȼ֣֮һʮʲôȼʲôȼʯ
һһȥһŶʯĻ϶ᱨϡʵĲʲǺܹ󣬹ľʯԽǸ߼ʯҲԽǰ
һˮʯһʯɡ
ŷԥ˵ˮֻǡ츫϶¼ѡֻܹȫӳ츫ȫ
ֻЩźǣոѡľڹǹľԵģǡҪĽԣǿ
ǹŷ岻ԸֱӶһŹƵĻҪüʱɣڣŷȱľʱ䡣⼸ʱ䣬ȥϤһ¡
û⣬֪СѶʲôҪûУ
ʦʵ
ŷ롶츫ϵļغ󣬺ûʲôҪˣǱҡҡͷ
Ǻãļ۸Ҫֱӹĸɣһ˫͵ˣҪһǮһǾ˸µԴ
ŷһ˸£ԼܹҲʮһĸµԴ˫Ļľڹǹ϶ˡ
⡭
ŷ¶ɫû뵽ȻôΪʮһԴ˵ġ
ѵҪȥһ˵𣿿ֻˡʱ϶ǲܹˡ
ָ͵͸μɡ
ڹŷ׼˵ʱͻȻһŮ˵
ŷȻͷȴһλ಻ǺƯͿŮ˹ԱߵģȻλˡ


15 
ϡ
ˣڳ˶

ŷ忴˿ԼЦݳѺõŮˣɻ
͵͸ҳμǿӽʮԴ˰˼һλ򱦸ƾʲô͸ԼһССôأ
Լ˳ۣŷ嶼š
ǡ
ŷһæλϵˣֻгĪЦ⣬ŷ֪Լҩʦݱˡ
ˣҹǡ
ֶ̣ռá
ȻǰԼʮԴҺˣ룬ԼҩʦݺλԼϣ϶Ǵ֮ģڵԼȴȥˣĴ绹ڵԼȥأôܻûʼͽأ
Լ򱦸ҲлԼԳȥ޾ÿ⣡
ңԼԺ׬Ǯ
ɷһ˵
Цеģ·ûŷĻһ㣬ǲ˸ơ
ŷ忴˿ЩɵĿԼĵԱʦ󣬱˵ͷ뿴λϣʲôԼ
ŷͷλһЦԼֻҪƷµҩʦûвĶģ
ڸղŽϸԼ˵һҩʦʱԼôҲŵġ
ҩʦʲôͨҩʦһССƹڣ˵ҩʦ˵ͨҩʦҲԲᳬڶԽ۹ΣЩŰɡ
ó˵˵Լŵ˹ŷϸոƹҩζ֮ʱסˡ
Ҫ˵һǲҩʦȻΪѣҲǲܵġ
һոŵҩʦ֪ʵÿһҩϻٶЩҩζ׳ҩʦζȻͨŲģһʦһʦȥŵĻǽͰ˾Ųʮˡ
ŷ壬һҩʦһǸŵ½ҩʦ
ս˵Բ̫Ҳ˵һ½ҩʦ
һ½ҩʦûмκģҲסԭ
ҩʦܹԼ򱦸ǶԼԺ峤֮λİ޷ġ
ΣλҩʦҲҪԼ򱦸ڣҲҪùϵһҩʦ˹ϵԼԺ峤֮λİҲǾ޴ģ
룡
Խ룬еļԽƽԣʹܹܺõĵףϵЦݣȴҲǸˡ
ŷ忴ԽеЦݣЦЦ󣬱ָķȥֻĿɿڴĵԱԼʦ
ʲôˣȻܹø룿ƽʱǺϵİҲֻнӴƹҵļʱŻ
ƺ
ƯԱԼʦһۣӶԷпһ˿˼顣ҸλЦݣƺҪȶЩЦøѺã
ŷ嵱Ȼ֪ԱԼʦе뷨ʱڸϵָͬ£򱦸Ӳ⿪ŵ㣬¥
¥װȴǸûһ¥ݻԵЩء¥ֻмԼԱߵĲ輸

ŷ¡ʱվһԵŮ˲󣬸˻֣Ů˳غš
СŮн飬֪մ
ϹЦʵ
ҽйŷ塣
ŷشԱߵĲ豭һڣʱһůӺһ·£ٸˬڳ㡣
ò裡
Ȼŷ岻裬Ҳ֪ѵһĺòҶɳ޵
ȡԱϵҶϲҿһЩ
˵
ŷЦЦ²豭죬ζһ²ҶĸȻֻǹżҵһССۣôܽôصĴأ
ϵҶһļ۸ûһµԴ²ҪˣɾֶˡɴˣŷҲ򱦸Ĳզ
һͱȵͨ˼µѣǺεȵĲ
ǰôչʾ򱦸ۺҲȻᶯģΪҵΡ
ǺǣŴʦ̫ǫˣžϹ۾ûֹŴʦǱݰˣ
鿩һЦе˼͸¶Ѿ֪ԼݣͲڲˡ
ŷЦЦû˵ȴΪ֮һô˵żҼž죬вС
ȴҲ֣Ұ½һʱǲӵԱίΡ
ŴʦҲżҵ뷨˰ɣȻˣ֪ŴʦǷԸ򱦸ϯҩʦأ
ʼȻѾˣȴôһĻɵġڼŷ岻˵ĬԼҩʦݣвɸǼæ׳֦
Ǻǣлл̧ˣڻûмκ뷨¡
ŷǸһЦܵ
ֻǴԼжϳԼżҵ뷨Ů˲򵥣
Ŵʦ򱦸󿪳
һЦЦгš
ˣм뷨ʱҿ϶ҽġ
ŷٴξܾȻû뷨ǻʲô
һ㶣Լû;ܾȷûмκ뷨
ϧˣֻҪûǾͱʾԼлᡣ
ȻŴʦûм򱦸˼ҲͲǿˡ
˶٣˵һ»ŴʦܹӦ
ŷк棬ʵ֪ʲô飿
Ŵʦ򱦸ҩʦ
ŷִܾæ͵ŴʦҪᣬҩʦùŴʦ򱦸󣬶ֻǽŴʦһͷѣ˿Ӱʦ򱦸ÿ»ṱŴʦһöһĽɫԴΪٺ»
˵꣬һεĿŹŷ壬ȴĴ𸴡
ҩʦÿ¶һöһĽɫԴΪٺ»ʱ򱦸ʲôĻԼԹ۵ġ
ҵͷ̧̫ˣڻֻһССҩʦˡ
Ŵʦ̫ǫˡ
鿩һЦҿŴʦӦûʮɣܹƳһƷеȵҩˣҰ½֮ϣҲֻЩҩʦҩ츳ǹŴʦĳɾͻͣԺ򱦸˵մŴʦĹأ
ЩȷﻰȻڹŷ廹ûĳɳԿ϶ֻҪĻǹŷ֮ԻҰ½
ΪڻҰ½ʷϣû˵ĸҩʦһֱĬĬȥġԼ׬ˡ
ŷЦЦʮ֮ǰǺ׿ģֻжʮ֮òŻڼΪٶȱ仯˶ڽһ۾ܿԼҲͲΪˡ
Ҿ͹ˣ
ŷҲƴǣֱӦҲ򱦸ʲô飬ԼòæҲûʲô
ÿ»һɫԴҵٺ»ãҲ㡣ֻҪԼɾˡ
Ҳţ򱦸ԻΪԼҵģ
ģԴڹŷԼҩ츳ľţ


16 ҩʦ
ŷӦ϶ʱ¶ϲı顣
Ȼŷֻ򱦸ҩʦһȹŷɳ֮Լ峤֮λ˵ʮþȵˡ
ˣԣ˿ҲǰͲסļ
ǺǣȻŴʦԸⵣ򱦸ҩʦˣƻŴʦ£ǹŴʦµٺ»
һԴӿʼһֱڶû˵·ƸڵĽϴʱҲЦĿˣϵƼѹƺı飬ŷȴҲܹпʱҲƽ
˵ŻϱӻͳһſС۵ϽƬԼһöɢӨӨԴҵŷ塣
ŷЦŽӹΪҩʦ۽Լľ·һ̨ףȻɫԴȻЩҲ̫ʧ̬
ڵҲǰǸøһɫԴҾ˷ܵúü춼˯ŵССˣڵѾʼѱ䡣
ʱҲˣЩҪȥˡ
ŷպϽԴҺ󣬿˿ɫȻЦŶ˵
Ȼżʱ䲻ƹŷˣʱˣżȻǻģʱҲͲôýˡ
ȻˣҲͲʦˣʦҪʲôֻþˣʦļɡ
Цŵ˵ͷҲϵѾˣշԺеʱ䡣
ԼҪЩҲҪ˶ԴңһԴҶˣŷҲȻ˽ļ
гرбݸкĻƺ󣬹ŷҲͲٶ˽鼰ϣ򱦸Щȹ붨Ƶ˫һȡˡ
ڣԼҪȥװȥ򼸼·
ʵҪ˵Ļ˿̹ŷӦҪĽǻ᲻Լ
һ룬ʲôĻǵʵͲҪôѾֱץԼǡ
ٿղŵ̬ԼԥûԥֱӸԼһԴͿԿȷʵԼҩʦ
˵ԼҩʦݶѾ¶ˣٵ
ԣŷֻһ󣬾ֱӰԺ׼װȥ
װ򱦸ǺԶһŷ˷װ꣬ѡʮ׺ɫװ֮󣬱˳
ߵֵһŷƣû˺󣬱һеʮ׾װ㱻ҩռ֮ڡҩռ䣬Ƿࡣ
ڹŷʱڰ·ͻȻһҷݣŴӷƮζŷĶ̲ס
ҩռ֮ڣȻԼͷեˣôԱڿҷݣŷ̲סջ˽ȥ
ǵԼжûгԹʳˣֻǵֻзڲܹԵһĩԼͷǮˣҲӦúúοοԼθˡ
ڵСк£ŷֱӵһӵķḻȣСŷֻһۣûǮˣЩԥ֪òøϲ֮ʱŷֱóһöһСʱɫԴҷϣСʱ۾һæȥŹŷĲȥˡ
ɫԴңǹŷոڷװ·ҵ㣬ԷҲҪ˶ǮһСʱԴһжġ
ǿŷĲ࣬һʮȣһ󲿷ֶǻģ˳ϲ˵ٶҲǼ죬ŷֻСһ̣ȱ㾡롣
Χ˾ĵУһ̣ŷǰĴʳŷЩ΢ĵĶӣʣµζֻܷȥ𡯵뷨
һöһСʱɫԴңһٸһӵİɫԴңôһӲˣҲֻԵʮöɫԴҶѣùŷ岻겻ѣԼҲǮˡ
˷˿ɫżȥ
ۣǲߴŵģҲ˸͵鷳һ·ˣŷֱԼСݣţҩռ֮ڡ
ҩռ֮ڣҩЧ˱ǣֻһڣŷˬƣһա
ڵϣľڹǹʮͲʸԼʮ·һСҶľڹǹʮͲʸȻǽ͵ģһСҶҲԼǰ͸ԼġԼҲȷϲҶζҲͽ
ܵһ仰Լγȥ׬ˣ
ŷЦŰһ·ŵϣٰһСҶŵһߺ󣬱Źúõо
ǵáôһ仰Ҫ似Ҫ˽ֻȫ֮󣬲ܹ似ӵ¡
Ҫ˵ڹŷ忴ƺûж𡣵ŷ֪ΪԼûгΪߵԭ
ɫĹôҲֻйϵ̵˹ԵñȽɱͬںڵĹȴɢĹâʾŴ˹Ĳ
Ȼ˵Ҫ˽ܹӳ似ļԹŷڵʵȴƺ޷ȥ˽ֻоʱĥ²ܹƿء
ε̾һ֮󣬷ڹǹŷǱʼ
һΪżÿһҲгСߵ֣֮ڹŷܹǿģҲֻһһƪˡ
ʱţŷƺ޸оʱ˶Ѿ鼮е磬һĪһ似Ĺȫȫ
ֱһ¿ʮ֮󣬹ŷδվһоһԼڵԴɿЦʱ䣬ȻѾȥһ죡
ûԼȻһ˵ĳڸɱ˼ɣңƺԼԽԽ˷ܣԽԽԣ
ҡҡͷ磬վ۷壬ôܲմѪأϵλǿߣǲһ߾ʬǣ̤һƬƬѪųɾͽĵλأ
ЦЦȥЩ
ʦΪԼָٹһӦþͿ깤ˣǸȥ򱦸ˣʣµĶʮʱ䣬Ҫúˣ
ȥ򱦸֮ǰŷ廹Ҫһ˵˵ٺ»ǼģԼһ㶼ʾɣܽ⣬Լȴǹⲻȥ
ҩռڣŷ忴һ£ֶǳƷߵµҩڵĹŷ˵ȴʵõġ˵Ҫҩģֻ˼أժ˶ʮݡ
ǰƶʮݣɹʮŷݵľ飬ŷ˵ǵӦ֣ϢһξͿˣÿһ¯ʱ䣬Ҳ֮һ
ҩʵֻҪҩľƳٰպʱ䣬ƺںϣˡ
һĳһǰûҩȻҪʱģΪ֪һҩҪòȼյʣƳҲ֪ںʱҪȥôƲʹҩܹʹҩﾫںϡ
ɹ˼֮󣬱ܹеİҩҪʱ䣬Ҳ֮ˡ
ŷƸ˵ַԽԽ죬ľԼƺҲҩţȻ伫ĻƺԸоõŷȴܹоóԼȷţҲùŷһ˷ܡ
Ҫ֪ҩʦĵȼʵǾֻҪȥˣҩʦĵȼȻȻҲ֮ˡ
ŷٶȣƺ̫ڿֲˣҩ;оܸоԼҪ˵ȥҰ½ҩʦǾݵġ
ΪڻҰ½ϣ˵ҩ;о͸о˵ϰٻǧ֮󣬶޷оԼҩʦҲڣ
ҲֻЩҩʦϰٻܸ֮оԼôһ˿˿һңҲֻǱȹŷһεٶȸôһѣ
ҩ츳ƷߵȴʦҩʦıУһеһУսɾ۷֮·


17 ۸˵
ȹŷеҩ֮󣬿Ķʮƿ˵Ц
ʱ̣ɹʣȻҲˡ
ʮҩļһϣɹʻǲ
ҲΪ˵ֻͨĵͽҩѣҩĳɹʵҲҩĵȼҩĲͬϢϢصģ˵߽׵ҩɹʻж٣˵ŷʱƵǸ븴˵ͬƷġҩŷĳɹʾ;ԻȽ͡
ʮûʮݵĳɹʶ˵ˡ
պǶʮƿ˵֮󣬹ŷһԼСڡ
ȥʳóͷŷͣżҺȥ׼ȥ򱦸ˡ
ŷ壿
ŷͣ½Ųѭȥǹŵϣʱŵ⼸ɨ㣬Ӧ׼ȥɨˡ
׼ȥɨ𣿡
ŵԱߵļ۹ŷȫʶϵȴһ㡣
ǰ㣬ڿˣôɨˡǷݹҲŵǵļˣ
һ˵ȴЩʡ
ҲòĶȥʵĿŹŷ壬˵Ļ
ŷֹҪΪԼ˵ĹŵϣЦЦȥǳĻ
ŷ壬⼸춼ڸﰡ춼ӰҶкüûȥʳóԹˡ
ŵϿŷ񣬵ߵĻȥȻŷԼ⣬ԼҲûҪȥˡ
⼸¶һЩ飬ھ׼¡
ŷ岻ͣ˸ѵ
ŵȻ˼֮󣬹ŷˣǼҲûȥһۣΪһԼǽٻκεĽ
˴ѩŷǰķԲͬ
ô죬඼ԼҵĿ¯ߣ˽ֵֻȼ˴Ҵ߹ѡ
ŷŶͨ˫ġһů˽ӣӿ첽򱦸ȥ
Ȼ䣬򱦸ڵһ̨ǰȴΧŶʮӰЩԱҲȫЩ˵Աߣƺڽʲôŷº棬ȥһ
ո߽ŷ˺ƿҪģҳ˸´ʮԴ
˻䣬һ˽ӿڵ˸´ʮ죿һƿ˳˾ŸµԴ򵽣ҳŸԴ
ҳŸ´ʮ죡һ˺
ҳŸ´ʮһ죡
ҳŸ´ʮ죡
ʲôôȻô׷ңЩ˵ƣŷȻһʮгˣȻȫǱߣ
߿ɲʲôһץһѵͨߣʮߣѾ൱Ƴǵ֮һˡ
ʲôȻܹƳ֮һıǰྺŷĴ󷢣æż￴ȥʱסˡ
˸ƿĳһͰڷڹ̨֮ϣƿԱߵıǩдžŸ֣һƷеȵҩ˵ԼС֣öɫԴҡ
ŷôҲû뵽ʮྺģȻԼ۸򱦸ĸ˵
ңÿһƿǰ˸ԴһƿƺȻȥʮһƿ
ֲҩʦҵ׷ֻһƷеȵĸ˵ˣ֮ıǰȻЩֻһױߣҲ߲ǣ
ҳһ꣡
֮Χ߶ˡȻ˵˵пǾĵҩҲֵֻһԴѣ۸ĻǾЩˡ
ңƿˣǻƿ
ĸ˵պá
ĵԱóһƿ˵۵ıߡ
ߺ۵óһöɫԴҵݸԱ˷
һƿ˵жʮţÿһڹؼʱ̣˵ͿԾԼһȻһԴЩۣԼǷǳֵġ
СİѸ˵뻳Уģһɨû߶ֱĶԼؿڣ䡮ߡһ֮һǿɢȻһĩڱߣʱЩЩ̰æתͷ¶ֺ
Щ߶ٶԼ뷨߲ɵһЦҲٴȥ첽˳ȥֳɲֹһһĩڵıߡ
Ȼ˵ƳĹ涨˽ܲԶƳڰɣƳǣû˹ܵסˡ
ʱĹŷ壬ȴڸղôɢǿУе𾪾þòƽϢ
ƣѹƵԼ͸ߣȻǿԴսһȺˣ
ŷ˼ƽе֮󣬿򱦸ſ߽ʧıӰٿ˿Լǰʮߣ޲
ʣҩĸԼɾߣǱȻơֻʱ⡣
ٹۿЩԼƵĸ˵ŷת¥ȥ
¥ŷ岢ûпϵӰֻмѧͽڼһЩͽ׵Ʒŷһʦŷʵ۶𣿡
ŷҡҡͷ˵ǣҽϵġ
򱦸ûаԼҩʦ⴫ҲԣԼģȻǵҩʦȴûҲԼᱻȥĻʧɾʹˡ
ˣ򱦸ʱ򲻿ܰԼй¶ȥġҲ˹ŷ⡣
˳ЦĿ˹ŷһۣҪҽϣ
ŷʱһ۷ͻȻи˵Ҫ򱦸ĶҲ˱ˡ
ȥȥȥϽߣܼ𣿡
Ҳŷ˵ֱӻ˻֣ʼˡ
ŷпЦóϽʱô¥˵Ż֪ҪȥģպÿʦϹŷһĻͬʱһæͺסڣ
˵꣬ͬ첽뺰ŴʦϾѺá
⼸ĹǮԺˡ
űͻȻıŪĿɿڴʦ˵
˵꣬һԵĽϱӿڴóһöʮɫԴң޴ʦ󣬱㲻ȥ
ϣ˰ɣֻǲʶҶѣûʲô
ŷ忴вʦ²̣ǼѵģҵһܹάƵĹϼѡ
˵λʦݹ֮һʱڻûҵһܹάƵĹĻǱǻᱻȱԴά
˵ҲȷûʲôֻǲʶԼѡǹŷ㿪Ϊ
˵ͷۿεʦһۣ˵ǹŴʦΪ飬ҾˣԺ۾ҷŻ㣬֪û
ʦͷæתͷԹŷлллŴʦллŴʦ
еĸм֮˭ó
ŷ嵭һЦļû˵
ǺǣŴʦΪ˶ƵĶģ
鲻һԵʦЦݵĶŹŷʵ
ǵġŷ˵ͷش
ǺãŴʦȥ¥СͷԸ˸Ѷȡ
˵ָ꣬ɹվһԵʦ˵һĻᣬȥ¥ʦԼչ£ѹŴʦĶȫȡȥɡ
ʦæͷٴθмĿ˹ŷһۺ󣬱æ¥ȥ


18 
ʮƿ˵͸ġ
ŷһڲ裬ʱĺⱻ⣬һů⡣²豭ӻͳ˶ʮƿ˵ߵĲ輸ϺЦŶԽ˵
ԼϿŷóĶʮƿ˵һĨϲǰŷ۵ʮƿ˵˸üǮΪ򱦸ǰҲΪ򱦸
ʵ򱦸ڳ˸˵֮⣬һЩҩġ
ҪôһƷȵ࣬һƷеʲôⶾһͨҩûиߵȼԼǿʵҩ
ˣŷٴóʮƿ˵󣬽Լ϶¶ϲ֮ɫ
ҾллŴʦˣ
Ҳף˵ڴϵı飬ܿڹŷＫΪ⡣
žž
ʱӦʦѹŷĶˡ
Ȼʦһ˫иһƤסֻ¶˸ָŷ۾һҲʦ߽æ˹ȥнӹǶָ
һ԰ָƤףҲѡϵȵƤɣȻǺܱһ㣬ŷҿ϶ƤֻбʹܹŪ
ڸߣһƤۣģҲϹŷԸ
ָŷǰһ
ŷŵһð˿˿ɫָŵһð˿˿ȵĻɫָһһ죬һһˣѤޱȡ
ȻָɫԼͬģȴһģһ
вͷĸһֻһߣǣе϶ˡжԼĩˣ񽣼һͻ϶˿ɴ̣ж˿նĩ˿˺
ٿָϵĵ̣ɫָ棬һƬƬѩ϶ˣҲͬһƬƬѩȴӰ乥ΪѪۣʹ
ɫָ棬ȴһ𻨣ͬǲпڵĵ̣ҲͬΪѪۣɱ
˵һһ죬һһ˵ָѤޱȵͬʱֳԵ֮УŷֻһۣѾǰ֡
ܺãܲҺϲף
ŷ廰û˵꣬ʱסˡ
Բָеĸоľڹǹĸоȫһ
̺ƺӰԵǿ
⡭
ŷ̧ͷ˿Լ΢Ц飬ʧеļ
鿩һЦ££ǰҷͷϵûļ
ŷһǵʦܹƵ߼ֻƷĶѣļ˭Ƶģ
ƺ˹ŷɻ󣬽Цǰ죬ʦѾͻʦΪļʦ
ŷȻԭˡ
ļѾмˣƷµĳԶԶ޷ģ۸ûʮԴ²ԼĻ˫˵ˣǼ۸񣬾һٶʮϣ
˽һݴ񰡣
ŷ֪ȻѾ͸Լˣ;ԲԼǮġǼ˵һһƷеȵĲҩȻ۸ԶԶ޷͸ҵȣҲҵһ⣬ܹ¡
ŷӻͳԼʱƳײҩ
ҩ
ȻȻвҩ䷽ǿǿʵҩһ׵ģ
һϲ
ȻⲹҩֻһƷеȣҩЧȴǱһƷߵȵĵһҩҩЧҪߵöࡣԼߵȼҲһֱһ׸ߵȣҩ˵ʹԼͻеľ磬Ϊߣ
ݲҩļֵڽ˵Ҫ͹ŷһָĸߣ
ǾллŴʦˡ
ߵջ޷ܾ˼ŬʹԼԵƽеļȴǳ
Ϊ򱦸峤ĳŮûмߵȼҩʼ彫ṩʲôһжҪԼŬáټƹһСòСĵ֮ʲôõҩأ
ƹһƷȵҩʦûʲôõҩҲƲʲôҩ
ңܹƵóƹҿ϶ԼڲʹˣԲôҩ¶ġ
ͲҪ˵ʲôллˣָļֵҪԶԶ͸Ĳҩ
ŷ帧ŸЦ˵
һЦҲͲٿףСһ֮󣬿˿ɫŷȥˡ
ŷߣ̲סеҩһЦĽ˵үү⼸򱦸鷳ϰæ
ϴһЦȰĿĵ˵ͷ
ˣϲ̵Źŷ͸ײҩԼȥ
ʱ򱦸Ĺŷ壬ȴһ·Ÿָȡʲôֵĺá
ʲôԵ˫˫Ǭ˫ȵȶһһһֱߵǰԹǼҷݣû֡
ɵһӲˣŷֽеСԼŪ˼ӵľµģ׼ҩռʱٳԡͷեˣŷҲˡô䣬ҲЩĻ˷ѵ
Ŀɿڴ۹УŷһĲȣԴ֮Ǽӵľµģżȥ
Ѿûѩ·ϵҲʼŷ˸˵Ľ䣬жһԵķŽҩռ󣬱һ·յţźʵ֡ͻȻһ
ȻˮԣҸǻԣΪβȡ桯أҲ
ŷ˷ܵ󣬱ȷ˾ȡ֡Ȼӿ첽żȥ
һԼСݣŷǴһľͰϴˮҩռ֮󣬱ȥ˼ҩģʼ˲ҩ
ֻһʱ䣬ŷɹƳҩÿһ׶жʮݣ㹻Щõˡ
һжѾ׼ãʣµʱڿԺúõо似ʵˡҩ˸ԼҪҩ⣬ҾȷŷŰɡ
ŷѴ򱦸Ķһһڰڷźú󣬱Ǳ켫似츫ϣʼ
ͬһ츫ݹŷֻܿһһƪǣֳˡ츫ְԵףһʮɱɱʽ֮С
ʱţһƪŷ忴һʱ䣬ֱĶӶǰʱŰݡ
һ̵ĵģ˼ˮ֮󣬹ŷվ򱦸ĶóһľУһ·Сܵ˾ʮ׵ĵطһľв̶ס
ҲҺҩռ乻󣬲Ȼŷ廹治֪ȥĺá
似ϰĲеʽĶͱ˵Ҫ׼ȷȿʼ䲻׼Ļǻ̸ʲôϰָµļɣ
˼ŷľϱһͲ֧װʼϰ


19 Խ
ʱŷվ⣬ֻĴӱͲгһ֧ĴĴָϣβ϶ڹ֮ϣһںڵĹұ㱻һС룬׼ǰʮ״İģһɣʸಡһ˳ȥ
ŷ庹յǣļʸȻ׵Ĳ࣬ˣùŷһΡ
Ҳ٣ûʲôһɵģκ鶼һһӡߡǣŷܽһϴεĽѵֳһ֧ڹϣ׼
ҪȸղҪãֻƫ˰ҡ
ܽᣬ׼
ŷһܽᣬһĳԣ·Ʋ֪ƣһ㣬ֱ˫˫Ҳ᲻ͣ¡
ǲˣŷֲͣЪĿʼ壬Լӵôһʵʣôܲأ
ʵҪģҪԼʵ似ûб֧ţһжǿ̸ߣһеĸ
¹ŷոһѵ£öԴң¿ڴй˳
⼸̫æϻһٶԴҡ
ŷЦǰԼϵʮԴʱʱ̶̿ţҪһ£ƺܷġ
ڵãһٶԴңԼȴˡڵԼ۽Ȼͬˡ
ŷЦЦٶ룬öɫԴңһһůԴҵ֮пٵԼȫÿһطڣֻҪĻԼԻϸһˡ
ŷʣµʮԴҶһһպã¿ڴ֮УʱǲΪˣЩ͵Ժðɡ
ҩռ֮ڣҲû˿õŷϵ׷£ֻһôϡȻʹ򱦸Ʒз˼ԼϣʱŷȫһأЩվ
ЩǶʱõĸ飬ŷ˫ֱϣϣϣȫЩЩһشЩȻϲ֪٣ҲӦҪӿ첻֪١
Щ鶼ԼϺ󣬹ŷݣʼ
ҩռȷǴ󣬵ضҩģûеطܲҲֻΧˡ
ʼʱЩȻѹùŷһЩѣҲܹ֡
˶ʮȦ֮ϵİŷȴоǧ֮һ㣬ÿһţҪһŷȴҧš
ڻûԼļޣŷҪľǳԽԼļޣֻܹĽ
ˮѾ鲼ŷȫ˶ոմˮгһ㣬ŷ崭ŴһһѵƶţʮȦ
ʵҲǹŷСһֱȱӪĹϵŵԼ֮ǸĻʮȦҲ΢΢ѡ

һ𣬺мдʮĲʣŷŬʣƴ
ӵ˺õʣٴƽӹȥҪǿǿǿ
ʹԼǿķֻһǾƴĶƴŬ
ˮһֱʣŷȴ۾ûգһ£УʱֻʣᶨΪǿߵļᶨٸƽӹȥļᶨ
ŷĲӿ죬˿˫ȵأеִʹ壬ƺѾʼĳԽԼļޡ
ʵԽ޾ھԼڵǱǱȻģҪԼȥھȥƷġ
Ȧ
ŷʴڱϣꡯꡯĴŴڣһָûˡ
Ϣ˺һ֮󣬹ŷŻŲӣ¸飬һƺõĲҩһЩҩҺϴˮ֮Уһŵҩ£ɽľͰ֮С
һɽľͰΪҩҺԭЩȵˮŹŷȫҩҺȴŹŷë׻룬̲Źŷƣ͵壬ʱŷ롣һ
̫ˣ·ǧֻСڰĦԼ壬ŷƣ˲һɨգŷµĵҩʱҲʼãʼ̲ŷĹอŷȻʼĳɫҲûпʼģ
岹壬ǲʧǲûеӪŷȱʧӪʱҲڲҩǿЧҩЧ£ʼĲ䡣
Ȼһ¾ͲȫӪʹεĻŷӪԸˡ
Ҫ֪ŷȱʮӪ
ֻҪĴΣͿԲʮȱʧӪ⣬ҩʦƵҩǿ֮ҲΪʲôҩʦҰ½ϻ˵λԭˡ
ң⻹ֻһƷеȵĲҩѣ֪ƷҩǿЧˡ
һ裬ŷӦһڵԴӦǰʱˣӣϸɾ·һʧҩռ֮ڡ
ɫѾһƬһ˴ѩżҳżļѲߵ⣬κˡ
ŷţʱһɴ̹ǵĺ紵ȴûΪΪԼҪǰԭɡ
ȥ˸󣬹ŷݣԼƴϣ˫ۣһᣬ硣
ڶ컹ûŷͰϴˮһ飬Ȼ뵽ҩռ֮ڣʼ
ŷϸ飬һһĳŰȥϰ˴һСʱڿԱ֤ƫˣаģȴҪϰһЩʱա
˴ĸСʱĹ󣬹ŷֱֳ˫ʼϰĶ
նбֱ̡ŷ·֪ƣһ㣬һһظÿһ
ˮӹŷ˫޻䣬ϣֺ֮ܿУֻµʪ
ĸСʱ֮󣬹ŷֹͣϰǳ˷ݵģӺ󣬱ֿʼ塣
ףΪһٽĸ飬ÿһףŷ嶼Ҫϼһٸ֮˸Գš
ͬһٸ֮󣬹ŷ幭˫ֳϥǣŴȫѾûһ˿һ
ܾʹֹͣҪԽԼļޣ͵һŭ𣬹ŷǿվʼ˲
һѵţŷû˿飬ֻͬǳ˫Уżᶨ֮ɫ
Сʱŷ嶼ڶ壬˿иÿȫľʹºúõ˯һʱб㲻ɸֳһ仰ҪǿǾֻвϵĳԽԼ
һѣһĳԽֱȫգֹͣ˶
ȻһδεĳԽޣĺôǰٶȡ
һɽҩҺľͰʱ͸оȫһȫȫָһ֮ǰǿһࡣ
ǰøոͻƵ׵ʵȻͻˣﵽס
ף
ŷǿһϳ˷֮ɫⳬԽ޷ٶȣȻǼΪˣҵʵѾˣ쿪ʼҪӶˡ
ŷľͰ˷ܵĹ滮һ½Ķ󣬱·ҩռ䣬ϴ˯ȥ
ӾһĹȥÿһŷ嶼ȡ˷һʱ䣬ȫϰԼ
ŷʵҲȲɿУھһͬȥʱ䣬ֻʣʱˡ
ʱŷΪȻӲŽף
ֻǲһµʱ䣬ʼڵŽףٶ˵ȥ֪᲻˶Ƿȥ
峿ŷľ˹ϴˮ֮󣬱ҩռ֮ڡ
ֻʣʱˣŷʱڰԼʵʮףܹʱܹһԱ֮
֪ɱСӳȥĻԼΣյĿԼͣڻҰ˭Ҳܱ֤ܱ˭ˣֻаԼʵȥˣȫķ


20 ʮף
ѾŽʵĹŷ壬ʱһٽصĸ飬ȴ쳣ɡ
Ϊʱʹòҩ֮ǰʮȱʧӪȫ룬ڵʣ涼û֮ȡ
ټʵһٽһʮѡ
Ҫ֪ҩɲʲôôֵĶŷʹõģҲֻЩ̾ڴ½ʮϰĴӵܹܲݳޡ
棿˵棬ż峤ž죬ҲֻһͬͬƷҩѡ
˵ż𣬶ΪҩֻҪһ㱻Ը߼ߣҲгǿʵҩϡȱԭˡ
ľͲŷ忴ǰʮ״İӣѸٵĴͲгһ֧ϣ׼һǳɡ
漴ҶȥֱӴ͸ģֱҩռԵλãŵ
ңԼѾܹһˣţȵԼʵʮ׵ʱ򣬾Ϳȫӳľͨȫˡ
ֻΨһźǣҩռĿռ˵ȷ㹻ˣ˵ȴԵ̫Сˡ
ε̾һŷֳһ֧׼ֱӴղűİģûаӵ֡
һ֧ոŷֳһ֧м˿ͣһ֧֧ͺһֱһ㣬һ֧׷һ֧ӵȥ
ûһһͲŷֱһͲʼϰ
ĸСʱ֮󣬹ŷȫջأһһͲ֮󣬱㿪ʼϰ˫
ͷĶŷѾù죬Ѿʼϰˡ츫һʽһаԵʽʹóȻûб֧֣ȴҲ޴
ŷţֻҪҲûͻƵߵľ磬Ž׵ʵѹʮ׵ʵҲֻҪеĹ򣬱ܰѹնڸ¡
⣬似Ŀ֮
ɴҲóһŷͻƵߵľĻʵǺεȵĿ¡
ͬĸСʱ֮󣬹ŷ㿪ʼ˶塣ΪڵʵԶԶǸտʼʱԱȵģ˶ҲǼ˲֪١
ʲôףʲôԳţʲôܲǧǣ;Ҫٶɣ¡
ǹŷڵʵͬնÿǧǵĶ֮Ҳ۵öã׵ĳһ˿
ڳҩҺľͰҩҺʸоŷǡһ
ÿʱ򣬶Ϊɵʱÿ죬Ҳֻʱķ
ΪʵõҩҲʼһݱһʹݣٷŶˣŵٶԼҲղˣǾ͵ǰװ˷ˡ
ЩҩҩЧӦǹŷƺʱ̶ʵܹĸоԼոͻƵŽ׵ʵҩĴ߶£ȻһһţҲùŷһ˷ܣûʲôԼʵø˼˷ˡ
ҩ裬ŷľͰվһļ˶֮
Щ죬ʵֲ֮⣬״ԼߣҲǳʿֲ״̬š
ֻʣͷӵģҲΪʱĲ϶ҩĲ䣬ʹ˲ٵļ⣬ļⲢһһֲֿ⣬ǳ˶֮Ľͼ
ߣҲһڵһңŶʮѣ㳤ô࣬ȥ˻֪ôĺáҲùŷһա
ӣ·ҩռ䣬ڴϣһ˯ȥһȥˡ
ڶ죬һɲĶٶʱȥ죬ֻʣһʱˣ죬ŷʵҲҪͻƵס
ǰŸոͻƵŽףξҪͻˣùŷ岻΢΢̾
ҩĸ£ʵٶȻͨӵҲϲϵġҩĸԼĳɾͣؽȹҪߣ
˼첻׼ϰ븫ˣһ죬Ա֮ǰܹﵽʮ׵ľ硣
ϸ飬ŷԼļٶΧݱţһȦȦһǧȦǧȦǧȦ
գŷҧţΪоԼʮף·ֻʣһ㱡ֻֽҪټһᣬֻҪһᣬԼܹͻˡ
ƺⱡֽƺͻơŷǧȦ֮ǧףʵʵڵҲ᲻һ˿һˣûͻƿǲƺӱˡ
꣬꣬꣡
ŷоԼķβҪըһ㣬£˫ֳϥͣĴŴ
Ϣһ󣬹ŷƣ۵ֱӳݵҩҩҺ˿ܲ˻᲻˷ˣֻܽԼܲͻƵʮ׵ľ硣
һɽҩͰˮҩҺӹŷĸë룬ͱһҩҺ뵤ҩ˫ش߶£Ȼôֱͻˡ
ùŷϲͬʱһΪҩǿ𺳡

ŷľͰ棬ͷЦЦŵͬʱ۾ȻӨ
һǰ˵ƽӹ棬Դҩ֮Լ㼣㳹׵ķ˸ı䡣
벻ڶ̶̵һ֮ڣԼʵһһεͻϣֱﵽһȼʵ֮ǰҲ顣
ֻһұܹͻƵ߾ˣ߰
ŷг޾Դ⽫ǺεȵĿ⣿
ŷһ߻δĳһϴӣȻ֪УľͰ˯˹ȥ
ȹŷʱʱѾȥ߸СʱӦЩˣŷ岻ҶһˣҲԼĻǾͲýˡ
顱顱顱
ŷһҩռ䣬㴫ùŷһңҺóüʱ
ˣ
ŷװո˯ѵģţŵһԽ˹ŷǰ
ŷ壬㻹ڸأҪ׼ˣôһ㶼
ŵϸ˵꣬㷢˹ŷǰЩһˣһʵŷ壬ʱʲô
ŷ屻ͻȻһ㶣ɻ˵ûʲô
ôôࣿƺҲǰǿ׳ˣ
ŵϾʵ
Ҫ͹үһ¾͸ҸһʳͳôࡣҲ֪ǳʱ
ŷŵϻʣæϵ߰߰ɣĻˡ
ŶŶԣɱСүϾҪˣǸϽȥ䳡š
ŷɹİѻŵϾͺ˸ղŵ⣬ɫ˵
˵꣬æ䳡ȥŷ廹ɲĹţڵţн󺰵ϽϰȻ¹үô죡
ŷһůϹŵϣͻȻ˵ŵϣӦһ¿𣿡
ŵһʵʲô£
һǧй¶ȥҲǧñ˿𣿡
ʲôôأʲôö
ŵϲЦЦȴҲͷټİɣǾԲй¶ȥģ
ͬΪ۵Ĺŷʲôö͸ԼģǹżÿʱһöһԴҰɡ


21 ȥǰ
ŷӦҲ˵˿˺󣬱ֱӴӻͳƿѸٵ˹ŵϵĻϽպãҪñ˿ˣ
ŵ㶵Ľӹƿŷɫвһ֪ŷ岻޹ʵĶŪԼæƿսСպá
ƿʲô
ŵպðƿɻʵûмŷʱ
һײҩǿʵҩһʹöʮΡ
ŷ˶٣ļסҩǧ˵ʱʹãҲǧǧ֪ס𣿡
ŵԼͯʱڵúˣͬʱȥԼؽٻعżˣײҩ͸ŵͯѵһɡ
ԼܰģҲֻôˣڹŵߵʲôزǾ͵ÿԼ컯ˡ
䣬
ŵϻû꣬㱻ŷһסͣȵС㣡
ŵϵɴ˫ۣŵĿԼ˺һ󣬲æͷֱڲŴ֮лع
⣬ҩ
ŷһɿסŵϵ֣ŵϱæСʵֻǾɲ
ŷû˵ֻĵ˵ͷ
ŵ֪ŷѣڼŷȷˣвɾһ𾪣Ҳ̲סͨͨ
ǿʵҩﰡۣҲ֪ǿʵҩǺεȵ
뵽һ⣬ŷ壬㣬ҩģ
ɲǹŷԼƵġ
ͲҪǴģֻҪסҪй¶ȥͺˡ
ŷ˰֣˵
ŵϼŷ岻Ը˵ҲͲˣΪĵ˵ͷϵļϲžȻ֣Դ˵İɣҩǾԲκ˷ֵģ
󣬼˵ŷ壬ҪԼȥ䳡Űɣȥҩպ
ţȥɡ
ŵϼŷӦˣһϲ˫ֱؿڿڴ΢΢űΣ˷ƵģùŷһЦ
Ǹ߱Լвɸ˵ĺö
ҡҡͷٹܹŵϣŵϵסҲԶҲȥˣӦǲ˷ֵģҲûʲôõĵˡ
䳡ʱѾڿʼ壬һЩֱϵϵģʱΣȥȥˣҲֻżҰŵ֮ʱ
ڶǿŷĵһۺ󣬱㲻ܹŷͬȥǺǼʵĻЩ˵ע鶼ûС
Щ䣬ŷһµ磬Ȼ֪ߵҩǿ£ŷһЦԼ
һŷȻڳ˶ֹͣ˶ȫŸոյ߸еһλϵˣһһϡĺšҲУֻɫȫûƽʱư̬úܡ
ŷ忴˾æ˹ȥҪڻҰһżңɲʱ򱻻ˡ
ϡ
ŷܵǰĽе
żҵԴɱСӣǹżҵĶϹģСһˣȫǱߡʵҲһڱߣڵıߡ
һ·ۣ
Ͽ˿ŷ壬ޱʵ
ҡ
ŷ˵ͷش𵽡
ڻҰЩҪעģعܼѾ˵˰ɣһҪ㣬һڻҰʲôָӵĶĻһɱ㣬û
һ˵꣬һǿŷϢϢ㴫˳ƺھŷ壬ڿЦ
ŷɫ԰ףʱѾ޷˵һĻˣֻõ˵ͷ
ţһ·Ͼͺú÷ɡ
ʿɶֹֻҪŷһˣջȫǿƺ󣬱㲻ŷ壬վԭأƺڵȴ˭
ŷһڱߵƣɱԼ򱦸λһĩڱߵǿ˲֪ٱղţԼ챻ѹƵ͸ˡ
ҵǣƺûзԼһ仯ҲԣϴιֻԼһۣôܻסԼΣ
ŷԳһЦԭƣкô
Щš
ڹŷ尵û˷һı仯ʱ
ŷ̧ͷһԼеİԼֽӹбԼļϡ
ŷ߸˵İõģȴЩȴƺû㣬ǵİʲôҪԼðɣŷ嵹Ҳֵɡ
վԭأ֪Ҫ˭ôվ˴һӵӣͻȻһҩʦۣ̬ưȹ֮һ˳˹ŷһ֪˭ż߼ƸһƷߵҩʦơ
δʦ
ڳˣԼ̬Ĺ棬ˣʱ϶Źź񵽡
š
ñӦһ֮Ҳ˵ֱӴӻͳʮƿݸ˹
ЩˣƺںƵưһ㶼⣬ŷȻпһ˿Ȼٴ𺳣ڵĸְ
ȻԺƵ˿⣿
Ҳٴ̵ʶҩʦڻҰ½ϵǺεȵ
һϸ룬ŷҲûʲôܡ
Ҫ֪ƹڵҩʦԼ֮⣬ԲҶżһʧȥ˺λҩʦĻ˵ĵλͱ棬ܵĴǳصġ
ˣżҶϻ˹ĶԴƣƺҲпԭˡ
ʮƿҩƿѩһƷߵ˵ҩÿһƿжʮšƿϾҺһƷߵҩҺÿһƿöʮΡ
ӹʮƿҩ󣬺ƽ͵ȴ˵ĵ⡣
һƷߵҩֻʱƳˣƹڣƹҵƷҩʦ⣬ĳɹԼٶˣ
ϲİʮƿҩźúæźƵлʮƿҩ棬ҩˣҩҺˣʮƿҩԼһ˳ȥļʽߣ˶ںλżΨһҩʦǴĵ׵𾴡
վһԵĹŷ忴Źư̬оһЦֻһƷߵȵͨҩʦˡ
ʵ֮ǰײҩʱ򣬾͸оԼҩʦȼƺҪͻˣֻЩһֱڶ壬Լʵûʱȥҩѡ
ʱԼҩĻԼѾһƷߵȵҩʦˡ
ٴл˺Ƽ֮󣬱ʰöһͬżȥŷҲ˦˦ͷе˼æϡ
˳˹ż֮һֱųȥŷ忪ʼûô⣬ֻںߣԽԽֲԾˣⲻȥ򱦸·ѵ׼ȥ򱦸
ŷҲôģţԼϲɵȥԼݵġҲյĸһ·򱦸ȥ


22 Դ
ŷ²ùȻû˵ȷȥ򱦸ģƳڣҲֻ򱦸һЩöΪ֮һĶϣôȥЩСطء
򱦸Щһ¥ĵԱԼһʱıȻͬڵ⼸λԱϵЦݲ֪ж֪ж飬ùŷһΡ
磬ȻǴɫʵ۹⿴˰
ƹ֮һĶϵӭӵġȴϵӰ
鿴ŶĹŷʱһ㶣˹תĿ⣬ЦݵӭȺˡתĿʱ򣬹ŷȴ޵ĶԼգգ۾гЦ⡣
ŷһЦȻĳһ㣬ʱⷬƤ̬ȴһζ
ųϣʧԶӭˡ
˵ﻰǾǹЩôͼݽ
ϰ˰֣Ц˵УȴЩɵ֪ʵݡҲùŷһЦ
ڹżϵĶϣ벻ȴģҲ˵ˣżƹһ壬磬ȴֻһˡ
ٴο˼֮󣬱ת¥ˣ;ҲûȥŷһۣϵȽߺҲóһֽݸߵĵԱ涼һЩҪĶ
żҶϹĻǲҪԼܵ¥¥ȥѡģֱӿӳȻõԱȥùǮˣҲʡȥʱ䡣
һԱСһЩرƷ˹ֱӵݸԱһöʮĳɫԴңȵԱҵԴҵݸ֮󣬶ϱˣŶһҲͣȥ
Ϊŷʵ̫ͣҲûùŷ̫ĶŷֻŹǸһӡΰ͵СѾʮ׵Ĺŷ壬ЩͺʲôûбһΪɡ
ڹŷһ߳򱦸ʱ򣬸ĹŷУɻתͷȥȴ򱦸¥һӱһС룬վڴӺЦĶԼ˰֣֪ŷһȥͲ֪жòˡ
ŷЦЦһůܽ˾ǳ滹ǳ飬ŷ嶼ͦлġ
٣ôһ֪ԼҪߣҲôһ˺Լָ
ŷתֻͬ˻Ӻ󣬱Ŷ飬ʧ˽ֵͷ
һֱЦŹŷһ˵ıӰʧ૵Ŵʦллϴ͸ҵǷݲҩʹҳɹͻƵ˶ڱߵľ磬ͬҲϣγȥܹһԺҼ̳м֮λҪأ
˵ЦЦٴοһ۹ŷһʧıӰ󣬱ϴתݡ
һ˳򱦸֮ûƳֱͣ߳ƳǵķΧڣһֱŶǰŷֹѵ׼ȥĹ
Ҳܣڼƹȴڿı磬̫ңԶˣܹ·ĵʱҪϺüꡣ
ԴޣԲǶһֿܹġ
ڻҰ½ϣĴյأֱΪĹĴɳı磬ϵ硣
Ĵյ֮⣬һСյأЩСյأĽµı߿ȥĵطĴյأûĽ׵ʵһȥ
Ŷн˴һ֮۵һƬһ޼ʵĲԭ˿̣ǳ׵Ľ˻Ұ֮УֻҪڻҰԴޣҪʱСԴ޵͵ϮҪȻĻס׵ĸ֣Ҳֻú޶ˡ
Ѿ˻Ұ֮УסĳˣҪʱСģ˿⡣
һ˶ѾԼϵҲһŷ忴˿϶Ӧһļ
ˣǵǽֻһõǹһֻһŶĹˡ
˶٣ϼ̵վԼ࣬Ѿ˱ˮĹȻڻҰ֮У϶һЩһ׶׵ԴޣϵԴȫۼһյ֮ڣҲͬСЩԴޡ
ΪЩԴޣһֶȺӵģһ¾ʮϰֻһ׶׵ԴޣǾױߣҲֻˡ
ȺӵԴޣһ¾ʮϰֻ
վЩ˵ıм䣬ΪʲôΣյģһϵĻϾͶʱһףʼΧҿʱһȺȺԴɱԼȫûǰİԴ
үڣûµģȻ˵ϰֻԴǿ϶ɱӮģǾûģͷİɣ
ϲ԰ףεģЩ߲ɶЦ
԰үȺԴ޵ȷУǺѲŻģҴҰô꣬ҲֻһȺԴ޶ѡԣͰĵĿԴսȡ飬ͻƵ߾ɣ
һõĺҲ˵
ЦݵĿŹ棬Ȼǰһۣɫһ䡣
׼ãһֻһ׳Դޣ
һ𣬴ȺߵĻǰ
Щһϵĺֹͣ˵һԲΰѹŷ˰ΧУֻⷴӦٶȣ֪ʱ
ֻԴ޵ģʱе߲ɶЦֻһֻһ׳ڵĲݻҰˡ
ֻݻҰȥ㶨
ϻͷһһնĴ󺺳˵
ǣ
Ӧһ󣬱ӭܶĲݻҰֵɱ˹ȥ
úÿˣĳɳǷǳаġ
ǣϡ
澭Щ˵ԼʲôΣպ󣬱Ҳָƽʱģһֻһ׳ڵԴޣ˷ܣȻ峤ӣȴҲûпԴ޵ĲΣһѧϰĻᡣ
СڹżҳĹŷҲǵһοԴ޵ģֻֻݻҰ;޴Ľ̤ؾͱ˻ҪˣȫҲݲݵëԴʴر¶ֳЩݣͷ·һ㣬ʹ˺ݵɱ
ҪǴ˵ϣŷ忴һɢ˿˿ݣ˵壬ᱻֳɣ
ڹŷ尵ľ֮ʣѾ嵽˲ݻҰĸǰŷܹĿݻҰ˫еѪâ
ۿݻҰݾҪ̵ʱ򣬹ͻȻһΪɵı˹ȥȻնŲݻҰĲӾһ£ֱڲݻҰĲӴһɼǵ˿ڡ
ꡫ
ݻҰһʹߣ˿ڵʹԼѪζ׵ļŭæתӴ˫۳죬ٶǣŹײ˹ȥ
ߣ֪
ݻҰѾ˷״̬ȫϧ˷ѵĻӻɱԼٶȶ֮ǰҪֲ࣬ȴû˿η壬һȣֱӲһ£ٴο˲ݻҰͬһ˿档
ʱݻҰٺƤٸߵķʱҲ׷룬òˡֻϿһ׵ѪҺ̫£ԵüΪѪ졣
ҲɱֻݻҰͬʱܵΪʮ׵Ұԣ֣һȡ˲ݻҰڵİٷ֮һԴ󣬱ֽżΪĿʼи˲ݻҰΪֵǮĶ
رһݣǵһ


23 ƻ
ŷ忴һУֻʣ𾪡
⿴һ۲ݻҰоͲ˿ֿͷ
ɹֻնڵ£ȻһĩڵıߣɷϵǣԴޣȷǼΪǿĴڣҲֻбߣӦԡ
ٿһԵĹ棬ƺԼҪֱǵɴ˫ۣɼжôĲƽ
ʵҪͻƵ˰ɣ
ȹսƷ߽ϳ޵
ٺ٣ȷһ㣬ߣвٵľ롣
ף˵
ǺǣټӰɣֻݻҰõ˶Դ
ЦЦ漴ʵ
㲻ֻݻҰʮԴ˰ٷ֮һֻ߸µԴ
һЦ˵žͳöɫԴңѸղŴӲݻҰԴ洢˽ȥȻݸ˶ϡʣʮ죬ԼţΪһɱԴ޵Ľ
߸£ȷ
ϵ˵ͷЦݵ˵
ÿһֻԴڵԴǲһģҪ
ΪԴ޻ԴķʵҲ࣬ҪɱõģҲһֻ׵ԴޣֻʮԴǾ͵ֻһµԴѡ
ҲһֻһԴޣȴһԴһԴˡ
ˣֻݻҰʮԴǺܲˡ
֪ղŹݻҰʱΪʲôֻڹʱʹó𣿡
ӹ˹ݹԴҺ󣬶ϱתͷŹЦʵȻ׼̵ˡ
ŷһҲ˶䣬ǺܺõѧϰᣬԼĳɳҲǼаġ
ȻЩɻ󣬶ϱһЦ̵ʵڵıҲ޶ȵģÿʹһαڵıһ֡ÿֻڹʱʹñɼļٱ
˶٣ϼ˵һҪÿιҪԴ޵λٵıԴ˺
һ˵󣬱㲻ٶ˵վһԣȴŹЩ֪ʶ
վһԵĹŷ壬ϵһϯ֮󣬶ʱȻˡղɻΪʲôֻڹʱŻʹñڵȻˡ
ԭô棬˽̵ȻҪ࣬Ҫߺܶ·
ԭϣ֪ˡ
ҲҲȻæ˵
ţһ·ϻ඼ҪѧϰģֻǿʼҪ࿴룬ѧŻΪߺ·
Ĺļ˵ôһ仰֮󣬱кˣ·
ԽҰߣԴ޵ı鲼Խֱܼ̫ɽһֻ߰Դޡ
඼һЩһ׳ҵģʵǿһֻһֻ׳ڵϬţǶĵڶ֣λĩʵĹֻɱġ
ȻֻǻƼеȵĹ似ַԼȴùŷ۽磬ʹùŷڹҲ˸ε⡣
Եģǰѹ浱δĹǸģЩÿɱһԴޣϸϸĸ潲⣬ԴЩλãüϸ
ÿʱ򣬹ŷ嶼ţ©˰㣬һŷҲǳ
켴Ҫˣ˼ʵȽǿȥΧεԴ޶һ֮󣬱˾͵Ӫ𣬿ʼֻɱϬţ⡣
ŷ壬

үʲô£
ŷС˹ȥʵ
ȥҵãȻҵĴҲ̺á
Դ۽Ƴ˹ŷһۺ󣬱תȥˡ
ŷ忴ŹȥӰüڻżҵʱȲ˵ԭԴԼԲԸˣ˵һ۾ͿǰͲʺܡ
ֻеȥյ֮󣬿ûлżˡ
ŷһ󣬱㿪ʼΪ
ȹŷΪ̺˴̳ȴһȺѾʼ˿ûԼ
ŷȻӶùУҲֻš˭ԼֻһأֻеЩ˳ˣԼеóԡ
벻ϬţƤôȴ۵úܰ
һߴڵĳ⣬һ߳Ŵɤ˵漴תͷһԵýζ춼͵Ĺʵү㻹ǵһγԴɣôƽʱԵļζҪõöɣ
ʻȫ֮شȷȼóԶˣλȥһҪһЩԴȥԣȻһԲ·ˡ

˶ʱЦ
ŷһһԣǣԼƻôżҡ
ԼֻһԳΪˣҲȫ˵ûһԱ֮һ˹żңֻҪСģ⣬ӦÿԱס
ɲٹԼ
ŷ壬
ʱŹһӣ˹
ŷѹе뷨վС˹ȥ
Щ˰ɡȻ˯ҵ棬ĻҲý㡣
ָָԵʣµϬţ⣬ȻԸһ󣬱ͬһͬȥ˶ϵӪ֮ڣ֪ȥˡ
ŷ˵ͷӦ׼Ե㶫ӣһеϡãֻʣ¼СڹͷϬţ⣬ԼصĹͷӣʱûһθڡ
ŷתͷ˿ϵӪʣ̾һֻаҹʱҩռóһˡ
ʱɫѾڣûһ˿ǹ⣬Ϊѹ֣ʱʱĻһ󺮷紵ŷ˽ӣҪˡ
ŷϥڹ棬˫ֱأͷǳ˫źīգʱʱһ˿Īɫʣ˼Լ롣
ûֱӽ뵽ҩռڣκ˶ֲԼġ
ҩռڵʳֻʣһˣ޷άֶãʳ˵ĻٳһƷ׵ԴޣԼԻŷˡ
ңЩŶһ˵Ļѧ֪ʶԼİǾ޴ġ
Ҫ֪Ͽڵĸ̵֣Ҳ϶ްҴţջ󣬹ŷ޷ܾ
ʱȥһСʱֱԭһǺ֮˲һһӶϵڳӶϵֱӽԼ񣬽ȥʱûΪӵĹŷһۡ
ˣһλҹ⣬ҲȫԼϢ
һλһĩڵıߣ͹Ϊһģõһ󽣣һ˸ߣˡ
ٿ˵ģӥǣһֱüĵ°ͣǻʱʱ¶һ˿Цݣһ֪һĴ֮
ʱҲڹĹŷ壬¶һŻɫĴٺһЦϵĵҲ֮ŤŹŷ֣˵Сһ򡣡
ŷ岻棬Ավ˹ȥ
ԽǿˣŷԽǸоһΣյϢȻϢǶԼɢģԼֻһ۶ѣΪԼ
Ϊɱ¾࣬Ż᲻֪ɢΣյϢġ
ˡ
ŷ߽ȻжԴ˵ΣϢЩӦȴҲܳܡ
ţҲ͸һɡ
ˡšһֱ˵ϣָָԼ˫˵
ŷԱ˫ַȥİĦ
ȻйŷڸĦǵ˫ȴһֱɨΧ龰մ󽣣ֻҪһ紵ݶԥĻӽֱϡ


24 
СӣûԷص㣡
һᣬƺùŷ̫Сˣ˲ɳ˹ŷһۣͺȵ
ŷΣֻüӴϵȣ˲⡣
˻ûһһɺ紵ձ㿪ʼС꣬˿˿ʱʱĴ̹Ǻ磬ԹŷڵʣҲЩ䣬ң¶Ȼǳ½С
ʲô
˿˿գֹһ󣬱㲻ͷĶԹŷ˻˵ȥȥȥɡ
˵꣬վߵһԱߣ⿪ʼС⡣
ŷ岻һЦߵ˹⣬ϥգɱ˿˿ϣĿ˸лһϸ潲֪ʶ
ֺ߽Ҳŷ壬ȥԼһҴͷϣԹԵĿŴ󽣣ΧתʼѲ
ԽԽ꣬ŷϵ·ҲѾȫʪ͸µ¶ȣŷоԽԽ䣬岻ĿʼʱʱĿԼ
УȥԼǵɣ
ŷվĮĿһ۹Լ˽յһۣģ¶Ȼ䡣
˵֮ǰŷԼʮĹżһôһĸĻȴһ鶼ûˡ
żңûһ˿
͵Ĩһϵˮ׼ȥάʱϵͻȻһ
䱸
һ꣬ϱὣصǰߣҲڵһʱŸԵվڶϵԴ
ŷһ飬ҲɿܵЩ˺棬ӦǶϸӦʲô
ʱҲæĴԼܳȻܱߴףùŷֱЦ
Ҳ֪ڻҰϢʱҪʱ׼ã浹ãȻ·˯ΪڶһȺ˵ı¾ͷǳȫ
ӴʵȻôԶԷǡ
ʱһֿĻ漴߱˶档
վǰģһķ󺺣˫۲ͣڶһȺ֮ɨӣʱһâȻղ˵ıλˡ
ĩڣ
Ͽˣʱɫ䣬ϵľҲͬɫѿĩֻǱڸһȶѣʵȴԶ
һĩڵĸ֣ԿŰڵĸ֣οԷˣԼһȻаˣȴͲߣҪǴûκʤ㣡
ڻҰ⣬Σճ̶ȲþͱԴ޵Σճ̶ȵֻͣҪһ㲻³
ΪڵԴҪȴ󲿷ڵԴö࣡
ٺ٣Ȼ֪ҵʵˣǻԹ԰Դϣ
󺺺ٺһЦ˵꣬Լͬһ֧ҵĹһ㣬˶ϡ
ɫٴһ䣬ҲڻҰϴôã֪ǲݵľ棬Σֻὣӭ󺺡
˫ߣͷĶʼˣҲæԼų˶Է
ȽֵǶԼ󺺣ֻɫ󵶣ӭĶϾһն£ʱûа취㿪ˣֻþٽ񵲣ֻ硯һܲס͵ĺҲ˿˿ѪҺ
ȴ̩ɽղŵĽֶû˿Ӱ죬һЦʤ׷һն˹ȥ
ɫһ䣬ǧһ֮ʣԱһ࣬Զս龪յı˹ȥ󺺵սҲǼḻڶ϶㿪ͬʱٴκһ¶ϱܲˣֻҧӲƴ
أ߰˲͵³һѪɫΪĲ԰ס
ֻν֣ϱˣҲòȥر֣ͬʱΧѾ˼ɼǵ˺ۣ᧿Σ
ٿʱĹŷ棬ŷ廹һ㣬Ƚ򶨣ʱѾŵϲҰףȫ˷磬վԭأɵ㶵ĿŴеˣоǿ־֮ɫ
ʵǿĶϣȴֻоͱ˼ҴѪûΣյѾ֪Ǻˡ
ŷ忴ŶһԽԽ˺ۣйֻж㵽ҩռڱˣԺôҰ֮棬Ժ˵ɣڣȱҪ
һ׼ҩռĹŷ壬ȴɫ䣬ҩռȻȥˣŷ󾪣˺üζһջ𣬹ؼʱ̼Ȼӣ
ΪԼȷȫģڿˡѰˡ
̧ͷɱʪԼŷн˿ܣȻһ޼ʵĴԭʱô꣬ϺգδؾͲܡ
ΨһĵıԴԼࡣ
ڹŷƻܱʱ򣬶ϷɿĴӻͳһѩ븹Уɫʱÿࡣ
ţȻҩǼһ㰡
󺺿ͳѩ۾ʱһִͷ촽һٶ˲ٵƺһĶϡ
Ͽٴξٵķ󺺣вһ˿ҧҧִӻͳһŵҩȥ
󺺼һŵҩٺһЦٶǣն˶ϡ
ڶϷŵҩֻ֮϶ʱֳһĨɫһͬὣ˷󺺡
Ȼ
󺺱ʮһһϲɫһαɫֹͣ˹վԭأҧҧĵĺһԼһսߺһһꡣٶȷɿܽĻУʧ
һ󺺵ĺҲΪʲôѵصһһ֣ŷʧĻ֮С
ꡢꡫ
ĪľͳˣȻЩЩɻ󣬵ӹһ٣ҲǽҡͷһϲɫվѾҡҡλεĶϣȻһƣ׷ܵ߷ס¡
ϣʹôʹֵҩ
нŶЩվȵӣе˵
ʹֵҩĻڶѾ˵ˣ
ϵɫȥƺѾΪˣ˵ûһ㡣
ɣһʹֵҩʵ
û˵꣬ϾͰ˰֣ϵʵֻ½׳ڰˣԺ󻹿û˵Ļʲôûˡ
ˣҪ˵ˣǸϿ뿪طЩֻ۷
ϼ˵ɳ
Ҳ֪˵ûæĶϣҲʰˣԶȥ
ŷ忴ͻȻԵתۣ㶣˵еԵɡ
ŷ֪һһƷߵȵⵤҩҲǿ˵ʵһֵҩ
ǿʵĵҩͬڶʱڱĳһ˵ʵ
ʹȷ˵ϣڵʵ֮ʵʱĽ׳ңĽ׳ڱû˿ʤġ
ĩڵķ󺺣ȴǿԽɱɱ˷֮󣬰Ҳɱˡ
ҲΪʲôȻĲʣȴѸٳ˵ԭˡ


25 
еñʧֵҩֻ֮ҪҩЧһ½һȼʵ
ϣʱֻ׳ڵʵˡ
ȻˣҩܹߵϲΪڱپʱҩҲͿԾԼһ
ҡҡͷٶ룬ֻҪΣչȥͺˣŷæ϶һˣʧĻ֮С
ɲСʱŷڶһȺ˵ԱߣɫȻ԰׵Ĺ档ղŵĲҰףڵҪ
һ˱һ֮󣬶ϵҲʼָҩЧֻ֮һСᣬһɻָˣڶҲ˷Լ
Ϊʼ˵ԭɫǲôá
ҲǹˣصľҪˣҺûڱܵ;һѩԻơ
ȴҪͿĨϾҺֹѪʱûʱֹͣͿĨҩҺһ·Ѫܹĵط˰߰Ѫ
ٱһ֮󣬶Ͽ˿ܣЩ˲׷֮󣬱ԭϢơ
˾һղĹУ˶ǿ˿ڵʹʱڿˡ
˵ѩ˿ͿĨ˵ϾҺ֮˵ɫԺתЩ˿ҲۿɼٶϣȸղŲ֪Ҫ϶١
ϣʵ
Ϣһ֮ߵǰȫʪ͸ͷɢңǱĶϣص̾һ
סͺáûµģʵ½˽ˡ
ϰڰ֣ޱ˵
Ҳö˵ֻΪ

ô׵ĻҰ½϶ȫǸˡ
׳ֻһȼҪĻûиʮϰĿޣôף
ҲʲõģҪ׶ǧ궼ܹͻƣ
ˣҪ룬ϽƺƣȻ׼·ɡ
Ͽ˿ʼɫٿ˿Щˣ˵
ΣֻϥãĻָơ
Ѿ͸Ҳֹͣˣ峿¿ʹ˲ɾһ˵ҲѾָòˣڶϵĴ£ʼ˸·
Ȼϵʵ½һȼҲߣֻҪϵԴ޻࣬ȫӦûʲô⡣
·ϣҲʼ̵˹档ŷһԣҲࡣ
߹ƬԭεĿĵأ
Ҳû׵Դޣһ׵Դ޼˶ʮȫնɱȡڵԴ
ŷҲ⼸ڣһǾǣڻҰ⣬ֻҪ࣬ɱɱɱܡֻбɱ
ȫСˣɲڲԭһˣг׵Դ棡
ϻعͷ˵ҪĻǶԹ˵ġڻһַǳĶ֮ǾǶΣˣҪĲֻ
˵鼫Ϊ࣬ɴ˿˵ûаԡ
ǣǣ֪ˡ
ϴεķ󺺵֮󣬹浨ƺҪС࣬˵ôأæͷӦһһĸڶϵ»ͻȻʲôΣգ˿ûڹżʱְùŷһЦ
һ֮󣬵СôСˣֻʺڼﳤ棬Ұ֮дʺ
Ͽ⸱Сģвɻһ˿ʧˣеһ˿меһ˿ġ
ȻǹżүģҲһñ˿ϣеˣֻǿߣ󽫾޷Ϊһǿߡ
ǹŷ򶨣ȴЩ˹Ŀ࿴
Сһѵ㲻𣿡
ŷȻĿΧȴްɫһ˷ܣвһ棬ʳڳ߶ʵĻ絶ĿҲ˹ƺҲԹŷһ˿档
°ⲻ𡣡
ŷͷװɵӻش𵽡ȴһԼԺСĵˡ
Ǻǣԭ
һŷɵ㶵ӣʱʧȥȤҲǣٲãҲһ۵ܹģعͷĿĿΧȥŷ塣
ŷһҲæǵĲȥ
һƬ޴ޱȵĴأһŵһɶ
һƬһƬĹľʹ˿浽׶ʲôҲһýһõס˵ߣлʱʱĴһЩˡžĸŷжһëȻ
Դ붾εΣ֮⣬ҪʱСĽ£ҲһСģͻ뵽ȥ˾ȣֻȫݽȥϢ
עΧͬʱҲҪʱעŽǲȫ񾭶ţ·ûһ˵죬ȫľ˹۲ΧһС
ŷ壬Ҳǹ۲Χǹ۲ûԴʲôģǹ۲ŵΣһżңԼżҵһλˡ
Դ޲Ȳԭϵ٣߽׵ԴޣŷΪٲҲطԶ㣬ܱǸһ۱ΧһеĴԭҪȫ
ûһϱͣסŲƺоǰʲôԴޣкһֽԴ
϶ɵһεκˮȥȴĿתĶŶָʾķһҲҶ
Ҳǰֻһֻһ׳ڵԴޣǶĴԼĲԴޣĻΣˡ
ˣڶУԴ޵ĻҪٻɱֻѸߡ
һֻһڵĶܣŽȥɱСĶء
ʱһֻ޴ܴӹľ˳ֻͬȭͷСߣв˱䡣
ǣϡ
ŽҲҹĵߣӦһ󣬱Ŵ󽣣ٳŶɱ˹ȥ
һԼȫĿֲСһ㣬ĴҲʱȻſ͡һŽһĺɫճҺ
Žˣɫ䣬ѸԱһǵҺҲһΰĸ첲ʱһƺߣҧҧβͣ󽣣Ŷܱն˹ȥ
ܼնľʹ󽣣ͬһ˿ĺâһ죬ɺͷĴ󽣡
ৣ
벻ⶾܵͷӲȸϷޱȵĴ󽣼Ȼû˿˺ۣŹŽеĴ󽣣ԱһŽһģЩˤ
ʵϾҪȶܵĸһǱ֮һ˿ɫ
Ⱦ޽֣һԱ߾һӲȸͷ˲䱻һ˺ۣҲʹöܡɡһУæջͷתľӡ
ϿüͷĹַԸŷ𣬰ⶾɱˡ
ŷӦݵĴӱͲһ֧׼ܵĶԴһӦʱ䶼ûУ㱻ɱˡ
ϾԴϱԼһȽףֻһȼĸ֣Ҳֻк޶ȥˡ


26 ʵŮ
ҺͿĨһ˿ڰɡ
ȹŽŴ󽣻ϱ㶪һƿҺ˵
ŽӹæѾһ˿ڵһ㣬ϱֹͣ˸ã˿ҲĿʼϡ
ҺһһƷеȵҩҺͨģ򱦸е򣬲Ǻܹ
ϣҡ
ŽΣһڵԴԼûдӮˣʹﲻЩ
ˣҪ˵ˣԴޱͱͬȼҪҲܹ㡣
ҡҡͷοһ󣬼˵ı϶Դǰ߰ɡ
˵꣬ӹղŹŽݹöɫԴңȥ
µԴǹŷɱ˶ܣŽȥȡģÿɱһ˻ԴޣҪһ֮ȡڵԴȻͻеԴһͬʧ
һ·ϣ˺üԴޣⶾڣ󲿷Դ޶ǴжԵģÿһǰȥɱ߶ΪСģһܶǾһƷеȵҺҲ޷ˡ
ǸƷҩҺпܡ
ɫѾڣѰһȽϰȫĹľԣʼ
Ϊû˶Ѱһأ˵㶫伢󣬱˯˹ȥҹҹģ֡
У˹Ըŷ⣬Ψһ͹ŷ˵˳ʮ仰ģˡ
ǷǳʱڣҲûŷ彲ʱ̶ĿΧŹһֻڹ棬עΧĶʱ׼Ķ
ŷϸĹ۲ֵÿһԺоԼǰƣֻвϵѧϰܹȡøĽ
ҹȽϰֱշҲûгκΣգµһ쵽
߰ɣǰ
Ͽ˶Ѿ˹ѣŶ˵һ󣬱ǰ·
ϣηҪɱһֻ׳ڵԴ֮ǰ˵ʵ
϶ϣĿЩǵ˵
ĻҲЩԥ˿ߣ¶ҪɱֻԴϵĲλֵǮǰһˡ
ɫҲ֪˵ãĿУȴβסɫ
ˣһһɣôˣĥҲҪĥ˦˦ͷٶ룬Ŷ飬ȥ
ʱţת۱ȥˡ
죬һͬڶɫԽСģɫȴԽ԰ɫ
ЩȻûԴޣȴ˺üֻĩڵԴޡ
ڸղţһԶĩڵԴޣǶǰŵԻɱģȴҲʹ˵ˡ
ԽߣԴ޵ĵȼԽߣЩ춼˲̶ͬȵˣʹùиΪһ֡
Ϊ˲ɣŷҲװɫҰףΪµģ
Ǹҩŷʱ£ÿһΣգͲʹһûΣգȴɳˣùŷһЦá
ҩͨˣȻôô
ڶߣûٸȥоҩ
ϴΣΧûκΣգŷһ£˲ʧԭأҹĹֱ㶵ķ
ȹŷ巴Ӧʱ򣬷ֹƴĴ۾Ȼſ۾һŷ廹ڣֹ˼䣬ʹԼźҲûȥʹŷô£ȨԼ⼸̫ţ۾ԭ
ȻˣŷҲŵóһ亹ֱڣ׳ˡ
䣡
ڹŷ˼֮ʣȻ˶ͻȻһ죬ŷʱһ飬ȥ
ʱϵҲͣס˽ŲɫصĿŷһԲеľȴǸˣ϶ʲôöϼΪµĶ
ʲôȻöг־壿Է󺺣ƴĺ㣬¶ɫ
¡
һ죬ֻסߵһľͻȻݻ٣ֳ˶ɫҰ׵һĻ
һֻһͷСȫƵſϣͻһĥ̴СʱֱǰмȻ˾ɫ
ŷ˳۹⿴ȥȴǰվһˣ׼ȷ˵Ӧһλѩɴ֮ݵľɫŮӣʱһ΢΢ɫ΢ϸվڽɫܵĶ棬سӰȻ˿ûбɫܵĿֲģŵ
٣
ͻȻŮӣһȪ˰𣬶ɫŮӵӰҲ˲仯һӰ˽ɫܡ
Ůӵ˶пһܣڽɫܵĶУȴͬجһ㡣
ɫܼɫŮӵϸȻ£Ҳòſ죬͵һɫճҺɱŮӡ
ŮӼĽɫҺϱ˿仯һ׾ٵı˿ȥĽʱҲ̵˽ɫǶĸϡ
͡ɡ
һ֮ǽɫܵʹ͵һӴŮӵϸȴϸ˿ڣ衯ŽɫѪҺ
ɡ
ɫһУŮӵڶι֮ǰȻһʮԶһľϣƬľԶʱѹ⣬˼ʧǰ
ŮӼɫܣҲһʧǰ·ûгֹһ㡣
ߵʱһۣһ˿粻ĸ߰뵭Į
һȺŮԼɫ뿪ɾþòղŵһУʵ̫ˡ
⿴ǸɫܹܵͣõжôĿ¡һŮȴһϸֻһУ˽ɫܣһʹ֮˿ȥ
Ҳ֪ŮӵʵҪɫܵʵֲһǿֲһ㡣
ŷͬ𾪵Ըӣ˼ǰĿ󣬻ŸղŵսرӰŮӵĻͷһĿӡԺ֮С
߰ɣٲߣ¾߲ˡ
ͬ˼ƽһе֮󣬸Ӧһܣת˳˵
Ҳڶϵ´Ӹղŵĵ龰֮˹ٴοһǰĿԷǵʰŶϼȥ
ϣղʲôˣ
һ·˶Ĭţֱã˵ȫƽ֮󣬹Ͳסʵ
ղʲôҲ֪ȴ֪
һηļ˵ȴ֪ոֻɫܣû´ĻӦⶾĽĩʵĻƽܣ
Ľĩڵ
˼һǲ˵ǸŮӵʵҲ׳ڣ
ͬȼԴޣҪǿһ㣬һоܴĽĩԴ޵ģҲֻбһ׵ʵˡ
ף֡
ŷҲϵĻ˵һ漴ȻҲֻ׸֣һĽĩڵĻƽܰɣ
һҪȢŮΪޣ
˶զǸŮ˵ʵʱһԵĹͻȻ˷ܵĴ


27 
ŷһתͷϾ˷֮ɫĹ棬һ
ĴҲһ㶣һģҲüͷǲá
ȡǸŮӣҲó
һ¾͵СԼҲڵΪȢһӵʵеߵ֮ݵľɫŮΪޣ
ʵʵڵȥ⡣
һмĿ⣬ҲԽԽƲ
˿ûע⵽˵۹⣬ɳȢŮΪ޵Ļ֮С
ҡҡͷûȥ֪ߵغĹ棬Ŷϵ󣬼Сĵǰš
ɡɡ
Ȼһͣ½Ų㿴ңҿ㣬˶Էе֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ƽܿ϶ᱻɱδҲ̫˰ɡ
һЦͬ˵
ҲǣȻʮ֮󣬺ѿһ˵ʵ䣬Ҳһ޷֪Էʵݡ
˵ߵĸӦܴµĸӦԷ䣬ЩߣȫӦ˳ǸŮӣԲᳬһ꣡
Ҫ֪ڻҰ½ϣһģֻһոճСӶѣϣǳˡ
ͺЩ棬ûһСģĶϣѾ˰˰ٶˡ
ɣԼȻ˼ҵļ˼ҵʵȴԼļʮϰٱЩӲտЦأ
־ֻܹʲðɣ
ϾȻѵõ˵ôһ仰ɼǸŮӵ츳ҲǶôĿɬ
ʣȷһ˵Ρ
Ҫˣӽ·ɡ
һ֮󣬱˼ǰС
ΪɱˣԴ޶ʧ룬ȫ˳ֻһС·Դ޵Ĺ
ʱһľԱԵƬ޴ĹľԣɫЩԥ
ʵԴ֮Ҳֵ֮ģʵԽǿԴޣռҲԽǰƬ޴ĹľԣпܻԴ档
γϵıҪɱһͷԴޣ㲻һˡ
Ϊ׵ԴޣϵĲλֵǮƤëȿߵȶЩԴ޵ѪҺԵҩ
󲿷׵ԴޣڵԴҲһһԴڵԴҪۺĶ࣬ҲΪԴ޵ʵǿܹɱͽԴ޻Դԭ
ȻûвȥԵĵ
г˿ĩڵĹŷֿ˿׸֣˵ǣǲ֪ʲôȼԴޡ
׳ڵԴ޻˵ʤİգĩڵԴ޵ĻǱؽ
⡭
ϵĻҲԥ¾
ʱһԵĹϵĻһ
˿ߵĹŷ壬ͻȻ۾һæŶ˵ϣȻ֪ʲôȼԴޣǺβ˽ȥһ̽أԴֻҪһʹñͿԸӦǸԴʲôȼ˰ɣ
˷ܣΪԼһΪ˲⣬ƹŷļ㵵ıм˵ùŷȥһԣԴ޵ʲôȼģ׳ڵĻǾ߰ɣ
ŷȻҲסˡ
ŷû뵽ΪԼĵСԼȥգŷ˫ĮĿ˹һۣû˵
ЩҪԼȥ̽ĻǲԼô˵Ҳûκô
ЩߣҲԽı벻мڹЩ⶯
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ŽһЦϵĵŤǵ˫Ҳڹŷɨţһ޳ɵ˵
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ĺɫʱҲǹЦͬЦڹŷ忴ȴ˵ĺ䡣
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ϴʱˣһζŹŷ¶Ц˵ŷ尡ܹɹĻҵԽż֧ϵô
ŷû˵ԼĻҲֱɱԼȻˣǻ˵ʲôأ
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Ǻǣ̫ЦˡԼһʮ׵ۣԴ޵´
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ŷЦһ˫ɨһϹЦˣرĿһһĿԼĹ֮󣬻عͷȻĽ˹ľС
ֻҪԼԴޣļʾ͵ûУûĻԼżҵһʱ
ԼԺҪĻ϶Ҳʱʱ̶̿Σգ˹ŷҲûٺ£ֻʱһߣȫȫķǱӶøߵĳɾ͡
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ʪϣŷһֻţ˲ȣǲջֻţ֮Ϣ
һ̽µ⣬Ҫʱʱ̵̿עΧĶŷȫ񾭶ýģˮѾգȥãһ⣬֮ء
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һ·ŷͻȻоȻһͷСΧĺȫҲǺһƬһ㶼ʲô
ŷнС˹ȥȻֶڴżƬƬŷ嶨һʱȫ񾭡
ǼȻۣ
ڻҰ½ϣԴ޶ǱȽϸ߼ԴޣûһµģھȻۣʹùŷɫһ䡣
ϲ²ûľȻסһֻԴޣʱֻԴ޺ûгѾˣȻŷˣ
Ҳùŷһңȥæ˫׼ߡ
һ̧ţͻȻסˣ漴΢̣¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻǲʣǾͲҪҲˣ
ŷһЦӻͳһƿҩҩҺٶȷɿİǿҩ˼ڶڴȻҩƿ͵ڵķһһæ򷴷ȥ
ԴһҩͬϲԴҲͬҩڵҩЧʹ֮Լ
ղŹŷ嵹һ㲹ҩҩҺֻԴ޵ĶڣĻͿȻٰҩƿϷһضѭҩζȥĻ
ŷ˿֮ɫԼʲôĵ֮ˣȻ˿ԼԼĺһô
ŷпʮ㣬˫ҳһ·СĽĹ۲ΧԼδȥ


ڶ ĥ
ֳ˫ҳʼǻԵĥ¡


28 ɵգ
ڹŷ˻ûһʱһɳɳ
ŷͷһһг˴ȴϸĺɫߴǸʱʱɺɫӣùŷŷһëȻ
ƺûȥŷ壬˳ҩŶǵķȥ
ŷ忴һ۶ϵķЦЦԼļƲ߳ɹˡ
ٹһŷԼһĴ𣬡ܣĩڵĺߣ
Ȼһ󾪺ȻһҽŷϸǹŽ
ĩڣǺǣǺܵģŷٴοһ۶ϵķ󣬱عͷľȥ
ľԵȷܴ󣬹ŷ˺ܳһ·֮Ȼû߳ľԡ
˵ǣߡĩԴ֮⣬ҲûԴˡ
ľԣǸߡء
һ·֮ŨܵĹľʼϡŷ֪ǿҪ߳ľԵס
ͻȻŷҽŸող£ؾһ̲ˮһ㣬޷һ˿ŷҽ³һС룬ŷɫһ䣬æ󿿣һҽŲű˳
󣡹ŷһҺԼһ·СĽǰţŵûе뵽ϢСʹ괬仰ŷ̵ˣ
˿ͨزûʲô󣬹ŷּһֱ۴ϸĹӣߵոݽȥĵطʮңùʹĴ˴ҪȸղŵĵҪӲŷٰѽȥ˲ȣֻء
ڴΣգھ˸ղŵ֮󣬹ŷߵøӵСˡ
ţǰĹľԽԽϡ裬󣬹ŷһߣһɡ
⣬ģȴһΪ峺ĳŷ嶨һܹˮµĶʯ
ֱֻʮңڳ棬ȴһƬĳ˼̵ľ֣һ뱻ŷĹľ԰һ򱻶ľְ
ŷǾ裬˿ܣȴûзκԴ޵ټԴ޲ϵĺۼûУ
ŷվԭأٴι۲һܵȷΧȷûԴޣƬ̣һһĿʼӽ
һֱߵԵûκεΣգŷȴȻ˿иôһӦûԴ޵Ŷԡ
ûֻԴԸȥˮҲˮġ
ŷĿڶ档
룬ŷͳһ룬ķˮ֮Уٳһʱŷ֪ΪʲôûԴˮԭˡ
ˮеһ룬Ⱦ˺ɫڶȣԻ
ŷһЦò׷һûԴ޻ĵطȴԴ޵ĴΣոΣոԼûͻȻ뵽ˮĻܾˮˡ
ŷ̾һֻҸȫĵطˡ
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ڹŷҪǰ֮ʣͻȻһ
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ŷҩ˵ǰҰ½ϵҩȫֽ׶ΣŷʲôʲôҺʲôѩʲôϾҺҩڹŷԺ֮ȫУ
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ҩռڵҩģȻȫƷµģƺҲƷµҩġҺҩģŷһңҵ˺üݡ
ôһƿҺȻǲģҪһƿϣпľˮڵĶԡ
ȻһƿЩ࣬ڹŷĲ࣬ʱࡣ
⣬ڷʮͷȥԴޣЩԴ޶ڶһɱһԴ֮󣬰ȡԴǮĲԼȡԴڵԴ֮ûҪ˵ġ
ŷǲעʱ򣬰ЩȥԴ޶ҩռ֮ڣԱԼżʱԱ֤Լ
ʱѡǶԵģڣЩԴÿó
ҹŷ廹ҩռһԣǾǲܷʲôḯû߱ʡ
⻹ǹŷڹżʱֵģʱŷѴƳǼҷݴĵĶ˽Ϊž˻ʵģû뵽ȴͬոʱһʣȳ̶ȶһģһΪ档
ֹˮŷܿ뵽־֮С
Դ𣬷ҩģһǳɣŷҩѾԶԶǰԱȵģоҩʦȼƺҪͻˡ
һƿƿƿֱʮƿʱŷֹͣƣȥһЩɹľһԴ⣬㿪ʼ
ʲôΰͣϣŷͳͳͿĨȥЩ򱦸׼ġ
һԶǼݿԱƮҩռ֮ڣŵζŷ㲻ʳָ󶯣ڿ
һֻݻҰ⣬ڲԭϵǼһֻŷǲעʱսģݻҰƤֲڵĺܣȴۣһŷͰǿɾˡ
Щ΢ĵĶӣϢһС֮󣬾ֿʼҺ
ʱ䣬ŷ岻ɹƳһƿҺҩʦȼҲԸԳһƷߵȡ
һƷߵˣ
ŷһ¸ǿĿ뾫мΪ⡣
ҩʦĵȼԽߣǾͱʾԼԺƵҩȼҲԽߣԼʵǾ޴ġ
ٶ룬ŷһƿҺǶԵĳߡ
һƿҺƺôһˮ˵ƺԵЩ΢ˣÿһƿҺ涼жʮСݣӦ㹻ˡ
ŷһƿҺһһڷڳߣԼҲһƿǿҩˮ浹
ȻһƿǿЧģֻаһƿȫȥܿóЧ
ʮӺһƿҺȫ˳ˮ֮УˮȻ峺ˣƺʲôͬŷӻȡ룬ˮһԣóʱŵϼϣʱ¶Цݡ
ɫһû䣬ˮĶȫɾˡ
ŷȻЩģҩռ֮ڣʮƿҺˮ֮к󣬲һ
ΪԼԺڶסɣ
ŷ忴һƬĵЦˡ
ڿ԰ĵԼʵˣҲڿ԰ĵо似ˣҲڿ԰ĵҩʦȼˣ
ȻǿֲޱȣһСļȻɥĶ󣬵ڹŷ˵ȴΪĵʱ̡
Լڿ׷ѰƬԼˣԼˣ
۶ߺһУԼʱ׷


29 ѱ
ӣŷ˫͵ҨһˮſͣеˮҺ
ĳˮƺܸ𣬵Ȼû֮ǰǲҲܸŷûȥԣھ˵ˮȷܺúȡ
һĵˮٺһں󣬱վ۲˳Χ
⻹һϸĹ۲ΧȻ֪Һҩζ֮ӦòԴ޻ŷֳ˫עܡ
ΧųתһȦ֮ϣܲԴ޳ûŷֱӰҩռڵǸϴͰ˳óǰҩռڵˮͰҨˮľͰˮ
Ժϴ裬Ժȣ˯ⶾ֮ڣֻܹԼľԣܹԼӦؼı¸Լʵ
ľͰˮ֮󣬹ŷѸٵѵһʮ۷ݺݵľһӣӵԶԶġ
ӽԺ󣬱Ӵ˰ʼԼ
ˮеݲҩҺݲ׵ҩ֮󣬹ŷˮУĿʼϴ衣
һ㣬Լкö춼ûϴˣģֲҪ֮ǰͶһҪûˮԴĻԼܻһһ裬Ҳֻÿϴʱ򣬲ܡ
úõϴ˸֮󣬹ŷóһƳǵķװĺɫװ㴩ϡ
·ϵԭҲǴӴ˰˹żҵԭ򣬹ŷ崩һ·о泩͸
ϱ棬࣬߹ҵ渫ұ߹ҵǱʱ˫ֽõҪ߹ұұ߹һ㡣
ϱһͲбڼϣȡ¹ʱҲܷ㡣
սʵһ˲䣬Ҳŷ鸫ٶͻẬ޶ˣôϣҲǺнġ
ߵľУĹľȽϡ裬Ǻܺõѵء
ŷǸӣԼ׵ĵطź֮󣬱صԭأ׼һǳɡ
Ϊ֮ǰûϰôԶľ룬׼ȷǼŷ嶨һȻжʮ׵ľ룬һΡ
ֻпˣǣŷֿʼÿϰ
壬;żʱҩһʱܿȥˡ
ֻǹŷȴʱ仹̫ڽţͲá
ҩûôʱ壬壬ûôʱҩùŷơ
ΣŷһӣĶһڣȻһҩٶһڣһҩȫĹ滮ʱ䡣
ڣûΪ֮ǰǲȥѰԴɱġ
ڣ뱾ڣűϵ𡣾ǿڣҲ򲻹ıߣ
ˣֻŬŬŬĶ壬ȡߵľ硣
ʱһȥŷÿ춼úܳʵȻۣȴܿ֡
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һ˿˿ɫǱŷ弤޷벻¿̿ĶԼӦ˱Ĵڣ
ֻиӦ˱ʸű߽ף
ӦֻĽ׶Σ滹ҪЩֻսԼڣһıߣ
ŷæ˼ѹסеٶȷɿİϴͰˮȻƲҪǮİһƿƿ˵ĲҩҺȫˮУѵϵ·ƿĲ׵ҩˮУ׼ͻƱˡ
Ȼ֪ضҩ˷ѵڹŷѾ˲ôˣֻȷһʧֻȷԼܹٷ֮ٵͻƵߵľ硣
ҩûǣ
ҩҺľͰУӴҩΧ˹ŷ壬ǿǡ
ڵĵҩҲʼˣŷֻоڵǹͷһֻȵĸоŷ֪ǵҩǿԼอ
˫ۣо֮Ʈŵɫ壬ŷ㿪ʼٻЩ뵽Լڡ
Ҫ˵ΪҩʦһôûеľĶ٣ҲٻԼٶȡ
һŷΧıȫٻԼսڣ
ŷŬĿЩһʼ
Ҳǹŷǵһձԭ̫ˣʹЩֻΧԼߣܹŷٻ벻ڡ
ŷʱܼʱ򣬾ĿЩʼһ㣬һԼƤ£
ˮ޷ģ˹ŷҲˮ޷ձ
Ȼŷ˶Ͻ̵ʱ˵һ仰
ʵձܼ򵥣ҪſԼҲ͸ӵļˡ
ŷæſԼȫ񣬹ȻЩͬСϪһ㣬һ˿˿ϸɫ壬ĴԼƤĸë֮н룬ֻһ㣬ŷȫһһ޷ʸо㴫ȫ
ʸоȴûгã뵽ڵıͻȻıڹŷĸзĳƺҪӹŷ֮гȥ
ʱŷоȫһʹ亹ӶͷˮУһˮ
ŷ֪ΪԼǵһձ޷ȫѱǣÿһλ߶ᾭĹ̡
ɹѱˣһ졣ûѱҪͷ
Ȼʧ˻ԴͷڶεγɹͻƵľûеһεĺãпܻӰʵˣŷζҪڵһξͳɹͻƳΪߡ
ҧҧŷžʹֳһЩıľȫ˿ԼڵЩҴıϡ
һŷڵı㱻ˣٻЩı޷ٱգˣŷȫ񣬶˿ڵı档
ʵŷ岻֪ǣЩͻƳΪߵʱ򣬶ֻһС˿ѱֻҪѱһ˿еıͲųˡ
Щŷ嶼޷֪ԿʼԼһߵڵĵزҩռ˺ܴһ⣬ļͣĲ¿࣬Ҳռ˼á
ȻˣҲһǲ֪ġǾǣͻƵ߾ʱյıԽ࣬ѱıԽ࣬ʾͿɱƵԽ࣬ǶĺôҲġ
ˣֻҪιŷܹɹѱЩıĻõĺô޷ġ
ͻƵһƷߵҩʦľӴģŷеľȫڱıЩռݹŷÿһıȻôӲĿסˡ
ۼҪѱˣͻȻһӴҩʱӹŷ⣬ڳ˹Щ챻ѱı档
ʱ˹ɡ֮ıñ֮ǰӴӴ˽һ࣬Ҳøӱ


30 ͻƣߣ
ŷʱп಻ԡ
ΪͻƵʱʹҩлͻƵߣȴʯͷԼĽţ˵ԽԽʹ࣬ƺŵÿҪը˵壬˵ԽԽÿѱıùŷһĽ
ĽҲѱЩȻԼ޷ͻƵ߾磬ؽܵɣΪԼڵıѾԼܳܵļޣĻԺΪߣɾҲǼΪˡ
ˣŷΣҪһγɹͻơ
ڵıڸ֮кֱײŷ㾡ȫƴĿЩ
Ķͷ𣬾ڱˮУŷʯɲ˺ˮ˿ûȥЩֻ֪ƣƣƴơ
ıڹŷƴŬ£ڱһ㣬ȻһӴı˵Ե̫ˣȴùŷ忴ϣ
ֻҪһĿȥȫĿסЩȻѱڣƴľԼֶܹãƴľԼҲǶԼһξ޴顣
ʱţ֪УѾȥСʱɫѾڣùŷϲǣڵЩֻʣһ˿ˣ
ֻҪٿסһ˿ԿʼѱˡǣŷľʱҲ˼ޡ
УұסֻһˣͲһˣ
ŷݺݵҧһ⣬ʱָֻһ㣬Ҳһ㣬ȫĿסЩı
ŷصĺһѱͱȽϼˣֻҪôƱһӣѱˡ
һ롭
ʮ롭
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ʮ롭
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ɹˣԼһ̿ʼڳΪһıˣ
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Уŷ忴Լֳ˫ҳƮ裬ҰϣڸյУԴ޲ƴɱʮ㣡
˫ۣŷͷһһͰˮʱѾīɻѵͻ˱֮󣬱ܰųڵʣ
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ڿѱǶʱ䣬ںֱײʵڰųʡ
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ӴıųʣԶԶͻʱܱġ
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ʱɫѾǰҹʱ֣ŷͰгٴλһͰˮ֮󣬱ͰУʼһ裬һߺĹ۲ڵı
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ͻȻϵһ仰ȫռݵʱǾͱʾѾȼ۷壬ֻҪԼȻȻͻеľ硣
ŷһѵԼھѾһ׳ڵ۷
ŷ룬Ӧǵһοסʱǹҩԭ򣬲ʹñıٴαһѱֱӵһ׳ڵ۷塣
ŷһЦ仰Ȼû
ԼΪ˱ߣЩǰ似˿ҲڻͨţһԼͬȼԴޣԿڼ֮ɱ֮
Ҫ֪ԼĿ켶似
ʵ似Ĺ֮ͨ⣬λõһôǾǾ
֪ҩʦĵȼʵǾֻҪˣҩʦĵȼҲȻȻˡ
Ȼ˵ûдﵽͻƵƷҩʦˮ׼Ҳ˶ˣЩɳΪһƷȵҩʦˡ
뵽ŷЦЦƹڣȼߵҩʦҲŶƷȰɣ
ٶ룬Ѹٵϴ裬·󣬹ŷȲʼͻƺԼʵ
ȻǲȥԴɱģΪһ켶似ҪͻƳΪ֮ſģǾ似䡷
ڻҰ½ϣ似ͬ似һҪģг
Ϊһõ似ڲɱʱܹиõܣвĵʱܣԷûкõ似ĻžԵʵƣ򲻿׷ϡ
һ¹似ŷù͵ĳһ֧ڹϣ׼֣ʱ㻯һ⣬ǰ״İӡ
ৣ
һ죬ֱֻ͸ģŷ嶨һһڴϸĶڱֶùŷһ˷ܡ
ͻ֮ǰͻ֮Ȼ޷ȣͻ֮ǰԼĹȻУȴֻܶڰϣȴ޷һ͸˰ģôһڡ
˹Ĺ֮󣬹ŷ棬ʼ
Ȼûʲôģֻڻͨ似ϰһʽһаԵ׵ʽóʹùŷоǰδе޲ֻԴȥ˫Ρ
Щֻѣڶ󣬿߽Դ޵ģֻ似Щ޷࿹Դʱܡ
ٶ룬ŷȫϺ󣬱óǱ䡷ʼĶ
䣬ûеȼֱֻ֣֮仯ֱΪ΢񡢱áڡɣÿһֱ仯ҲгСߵ֮֡ڹŷ忴ģ΢һƪ
΢䣬ָľͬ΢һᣬһ㲻ĥĸŲŹŷ塣
һ󣬳ľУŷϰ΢ĽŲʼϰ
ͻƵߺȻıγһǾǱӦȲ˵ô᲻Դ޵˵ֻҪԴһ߷һ㱾ŷ㶼ܸӦõˣǱȽϰȫġ
ѡǼ̵ľҲǹŷΪ˸ĶԼộһ¾ͻỮƤ˹ŷҪҪṵ̈Ƥɡ
տʼȻǶͱ̴һ£ͱ̻һ£һŷѾ˺ۣѪ߰ˡ
ȫһЩƤˣʹ֮⣬顣
һŷϴʱ򣬱ľͰ˷ŽҩҺ֮⣬һϾҺ˵Ļָа
һϴŷϵ˺۾;Իָ˰̶û¡
ϴ裬˵㿾Դ֮󣬹ŷֽ뵽˾Уʼϰ
ʱڣŷ岻׼ˣǰ컹ǺҹҪϰʵҹϰѡ
Ȼ˵ͻƳΪ˱֮󣬹ŷĸйԼǿٺõҲûа쿴ԣһֱʮңŷϵ˺ȴҪȰһ
Ǿ仰илر˺۵ȷǶһҲˣҲӿһ
߲ã⾣иҪСĲ˵˵õ˼£ȵȻҲԽˡ
ʱ仺֪УŷѾµ


31 ֲ켶似
Уŷ弸еʱ䶼棬Ҳˣ΢һƪҲòˡ
ʱŷ崩Ǽ̵ľֵУͬһ΢һ㣬ңǰ׽
һ꣬ŷ忴ȫֻ˺ۣЩ˺ۻᣬֻ΢εһ㣬ĵ˵ͷ
ڣԼʵˣˣ似ˣ似ҲˣҩռڵԴ⣬ҲʣˣǸóȥɱԴԼʵսˡ
似ٺٴ죬ʵսϾͲһռˡֻвϵʵսܹԼ
ŷ崩·˫ҳ򾣼ȥ
ʱ仹ֻھΧûȥ׼ߣܹʲôԴޡ
ͣУȻʽ΢磬ٶȴǼ졣
ʵ䡷һ䣬ͬһԣǾǡ
磬ѸǣȻڹŷ廹ûǸزҲٶȷɿ죬һܳϰס
󣬹ŷҲˣֻҪһѸٶܣֻҪʱӦΧԴޱɣǲٵˡ
˺ܳһ·ڿҪ֮ܳʱŷͻȻɫһӦ˾ԼǰԶһֻһ׳ڵԴޣʱֻԴҲͬɿ
ճĵһֻԴޱһ׳ڵģ֡ǶϵԴޣԼֻˡ
ʵֻҪǶµԴޣŷ嶼ȥһԣʵڴ򲻹ܾǣֻԱԼǿԴޣֻԼǿԴսܻøĽ
һֻ룬ֻ䵶ȫǶҺֻҪմһ㣬ʱʹҩĻһȵԹģǾûˡ
һ˸ߣӴԼ޴ѡ䵶ֲһ˫ɫ˫ֱŹŷ壬Ҳĳ˹
⻹ǹŷϵĵһսŷ忴ֲֻĶ룬壬з˷ܵĸо
ˢĳѸͷһӭ򶾵롣
ӰϽӽŷԿ롮˫̣ڶġ䵶ҪŷļʱŷһΪɵı˹ȥ˫ʱҲ˲˳渫ݺݵ򶾵Դ
ҲǳصģΣգµͬʱһģ㿪渫Ĺ
ֻ渫Ƕ㿪ˣһֻҲ֮ɫĲ£׷룬ֻһغϣڹŷĸ¡
ŷæܵԱߣַϣһһԴ뵽˹ŷڡ
̫ˣ
ŷû뵽ԼĵһսȻôɵʤˣ
ŷ˷ܣҲ֪ûκεʵս飬ܹһ֮ڱɱ˶룬ȫҪ鹦켶似棡
켶ĸ켫ⳡսжռ˼ıˣҪ֪ȻͬԴҪǿΪûкõ似ԭ
һͬӵһ似Ļ˵켶似˵似ͿԴ޴ƽˡ
ǵؼ似Ǹǿȫʤ
Ұ½ϣŷʮ켶似֮⣬ӵе켶似Բᳬʮ
ŷһ˾ͱȵҰ½ӵе켶似һˣһûĸŷһ˾似ģˣŷɱֻ룬ҲͲˡ
ңŷı˫ļ
ղŹŷеֻһ߶ĻһͿԿ¶ͷ­Ҫ֪ԴļӲ̶ȣԾȻı
˶ڵԴ֮󣬹ŷ㲻ٹǰߣѰԴޡ
붼öģŷɲʳԡ
ûһ·Ǳŷ붾ıһֻԴǰŷӦһ£Ͼ˷֮ɫ
һĩڣղŵĶ룬ŷһɱˣҲ˹ŷһ׳ڵԴҲ᲻˿ȤҲֻһڻĩڵԴޣ˷ܡ
һֻ棬Ѫ֩룬ԴȫǶһ֩סˣǳ鷳
һĩڵԴ޿ɲǸղһ׳ڵĶԱȵģ˹ŷҲСģ˫֮һȡ¹Ȼһ֧ڹϣ׼һ䣬㼲۳Ѫ֩롣
ৡ
ۼҪ䵽Ѫ֩Ѫֻ۾ͬʱһͷɳһ֩˿׼ȷĲĹǲ켶似ôƵ
ֻ֩˿סֻԶһ£ı֩˿÷飬ɲֱֱͣѪ֩롣
Ϊոյһʹû׼ȷȣŷ屾׼֩Դʱȴǰȥ
Լ֩˿ûƵֻѪ֩ͣһ£̵µȻ벻ʲôԭֻ͵һԽĹȻŷ塣
ŷˣֻ΢΢һЦһ֧䵽һֻһĩڵԴޣǲǹˣѸٵֳһ֧ϣѪ֩ȥ
Զĵзŷȡǹڽĵзŷȡ˫ҲΪʲôѡ񹭼븫ͷΪ似ԭ
ʸٴαѪ֩֩˿סѪ֩ѧˣֱӲȫİס
׼ŷʱһ֧֧ͬһֱ߰˹ŵ͵ͣסǰ壬ƴһ֩˿򼲷ɶ
ŷվԭأȴŲûŲһ£һ֧֧Ͳеһ㶼ͣЪѪ֩롣ţԼȫĥѪ֩ˡ
Ҫ֪ʽѲ⣬ʹһ֧Լĸλףһ֩˿޷סģҪ֩˿ܹסҲǹŷΪʲôֻܹùɱֻѪ֩ԭˡ
ŷһ߲ͣĳһţ켶似Ȼͬ죬ùŷĻֻһ㱻Ѫ֩
ʱͻȻһ֧ӡֱ߶顯С롯˳޷Ѫ֩ĸʱ㴩͸˹ȥһȭͷСĿѪ֩룬Ҳڴʱ
ŷͣбϹһѪ֩롣
ֻѪ֩ڵԴʵ٣ֻȡٷ֮һһԴղŵֻ룬ֻյ˶ʮԴѡ
ŷʰöѪ֩һۣǰС
Լǵ͹켶似ѵҪҶ׵Դ޲ܸԼʩӵѹ
ŷ󣬱ֻԴԣ򲻹˾ǡһԴ޻׷ԼĲġ
ŷһ·֮ȫ߳˾֣ȻƬš
ʱʱȣʱʹõıҲǿһЩԴǰνһá
һ·֮һ̫ĹľԳ˹ŷǰҲʱҲӦ˹ľһֻԴԼϸһӦŷóֻԴ޵ĵȼĩڡ


32 ΢
Ŷһˣŷѧ˺ܶණѧ֪ʶ֮⣬Դ޵ıϣҲѧࡣ
ˣⶾڴ󲿷Դޣŷ嶼ϵóˣڳǰģһֻĩԴޣͷǡ
ǶϺٲԵԴ֮һҲԴкٲȺӵԴ֮һ
ͷǣһһӲͷǣײ˵ϣԿһڵ
ҲޱȣֻҪҧϣһҲᱻҧ飬ǶҲ
֮ǰڶߵʱ򣬾һֻͷǣɵһڵȥģʱеĶһնͷҧס޷ٽйˡ
ֻõȥ޺֮ãҲڹŷİ²ŵѵġ
ɴ˿ɼͷǶôѶԸˡ
ֻͷûԴһһеĳǹһ˫ͺ޸۶Źŷ壬ֻ
ŷ˿ҲЩԥˣһͨĶ׳ڱߣȫʤʮһһĩڱߡȽϵĲ࣬ԲǵȼϵĲȵġ
Ƭ֮󣬹ŷ¶ģֻо֮սܳɾͽ۷֮·ΪԷʵǿ򶼲ҴܵĻԼῴԼ
֮ͨ󣬹ŷ¶һ˿Ц⣬͵¹˫ĳ䣬û˿ԥ
ৡ
û䵽ͷǱ㹭һԾ廹ڿУˢצ
ǣ
ŷȻôжѣŷ岻ɫһæִһŷٱͷӭһȻͬղһжѡ
ŷûľ棬һ˫ڵ˫ԽԽͷǣ۵Щ˷ܡ
ӲƴǶʵսĥʯ
ŷһͷǡ
ͷǼŷȻ˹͵˫вһ˿ѪݵĹâҪŷʱٶͽȻ͵ſ죬ŹŷĲӾҧ˹ȥ
ŷ徫񼫶ȼУĶҧ죬ۿҪҧԼˣŷ·һѸ㿪ȥҲʱһӰ͵ŷĺץȥ
ÿ죡
ŷͷƤһ飬ץצæһƫǿ˹ȥ
⻹꣬ͷǼԼһץûгɹ֮ſ죬ŹŷĴҧ£ŷһⱻҧУԼȻöˣ
ǧһ֮ʣ켶似ĺô˳ŷ磬һ㿪˺üףͷǻûӦ֮ʣͷǣ˫Ĳһ
ԴԶԶһԴ޿ɱȣΣգͷһתӣ˷ԼӲͷǶŹŷĸһ£ŷͷͷǳԼͬʱɳͬ΢һ˳ͷǵĳ浹ɹȥ
Ȼжȥ˾󲿷ֵŷɸоһڣҪǸղԼȫĻอѾˡ
ҽְɣ
ŷһͺ𣬲˶еʹͷǡ
ˢž
һδεĽ棬һδεˣŷʱϣѾ˺ˣȴԽԽ˷ܣΪͷǵսУԵĸоԼʵս飬ǰٶš
ͷǱϵһ˿ѪŷһЦѪԵúǿֲȴû⣬ôãԼͷǱϻһȻһᣬҲ˵Լʵս飬ղҪ˲١
ءءͷֻǶݺݵĶŹŷ壬ҲûйҲܹͬоõŷһսеĳɳ⻹ľģľģǹŷֻһ׳ڵʵ
ĩԴѾǻۣЩ߽Դޣǻ۸Ͳ࣬ͷǻôҲͲΪˡ
Ȼȥ´㶷
ŷ岻ö˵һ仰ʩչ£˲ʧԭء
ء
ͷǼŷ˲ܳȥʮ׵Ӱ֪Լ׷ˣֻвʵǺһתԼء
صߣŷ廹ѹֲסеļ
Լֻһ׳ڵʵĩڵͷǴսôöܣһ˿˺ۣҪǸӦüֻ߳ԴޣԼıҲ˵ĻŷԼԻºü˺ۣ
ʵսȻĥԼĥʯ
˻
һϵƱҵʹŷ嵹һЩ˺ɼǣ衯ѪŷæóϾҺͿĨ˿ϣֹѪ
ոͷǵսУӲͷײ˺üΣѾ˲СˣһƷߵȵĵҩһƷߵȵĵҩոһ¼ѩ˾ͱŷһľͰˮ²ҩҺ󣬾·
ҩҲһЧǾǻָơ
岹壬ǲ壬ոôѪֻ˻裬¼ŵҩŷ־
ϴ裬·ŷҩռʣԴһ飬ڳˮϴͿĨϣͿʼԴ⡣
ʵԴζζ֮⣬һĺôԴķḻӪԶԶǼԱģ˵һԴ̺ӪҪһٽ̺ӪҪ࣡
Դ⣬ɫѾڣѵõĳ˵ǹ⣬ŷͷһۣ΢΢һЦҹעһս
װ򾣼бȥ
ҹôܾʹ˯ȥ
һĥ£һԱ֮ŷɲ˷ʱ䣬Ҫȥֻͷս
Դ޶ԼأŷֻͷɻǸľУҲͷȥͬʵԴĥµ鷳ֱֱȥ
һ΢ڹŷϣŷͻȻͣ½Ų˫ۣŴϵ΢磬΢飬΢Ʈݣŷ
ѵǶ϶Թ˵ġȻ
ŷǳ˫ۣ˷ܵ
Ȼһ˵ĸо
Ҳһܸ꣬Ĺ
Ҳѩܸ򵽺Ĺ
ȻǻҰ½ΪصĶȻõĺôҲǾ޴ġ
ŷղţֻ΢һ˿͸Ӵ죬΢еȣָһ
ҡҡͷٶ룬ȻҪ˵ĻԵԣܸġ
ʩչűȸղŸƮݵͷؼ۶ȥ
أ
ȻͷǴʱҲ˹ŷĵһΪŭǺƬľϿգһ㲻һеĳŷ塣
ܣȴˣԼܵ˼裬ˡ
ԴҲϵģʵԽǿģϸҲԽǿŷΪѾ׵ļŭ
ŷͣ½ŲŻͷǣ壬зһ˿˷ܡͷԽǷŭԽǿ󣬶ԼʵҲԽЧ
սٻغϣ
ŷкһ֮󣬳˫߶ȫӭ˼۶ͷǡ


33 ˵Ľ
ৣ飡
ŷǱܿͷǵһץȻ͵ĻһȴͷǵͷǸ
ò˵ͷǲͷ֮ͷǵļӲ̶ȼȻȵļùŷһȡ
ͷӲŷеҲϾļͷǲ֪һСͷƤ˵Сˡ
˶ͷ˵΢ҲʼСֻҪŷĸͷһ£צĿҲȥӦˡ
ˣŷһЦиǿ⣬ǰͷɱ
һСʱ󣬹ŷ崭Ŵ˺ۣȰĶҪ࣬ҲҪΪõԭ򣬶ͷȴԽԽãռ˲Сıˡ
ٿͷǣȻռ˱ˣܵȴҪȰ컹ࡣ
ҲΪŷʵսӷḻԭҲΪŷոССͻһԭ
ŷ忴ͷȻ׺ݣȴԽԽĿ⣬ЦЦԼĽϱԿõ
ӦһΧԽԽԴޣָӦһʣ޼ıŷ岻ͣ磬ʧԭأԼסȥ
ء
ͷȻŭ𣬼ŷܣǺһ߶ȫ׷˹ȥ
ҲƴɱռϷ磬ٶȣٶȼǣҲ׷ϲϹŷĲ׷һֻ֮۲ʵĿŹŷıӰھС
صĹŷ壬˺۵ӣɽȫҩľͰһ֮󣬱ȫƾоʵȻҪͻƵһڵס
ոһͻƳΪߣŷʵһ׳ڶˣôȻûж壬춼ϰڶ壬ҲĶĶøá
ԣŷ׷ϳǰܲ׵ĶԺֻ似һԼʵ
Ҳˣŷı춼ȲУټϽͷǵսÿÿǺľȫսҲʵΪʲôҪͻƵԭˡ
ϴ裬ŷ˴ҩռóϣ¶˯
ҲڶԼľԣȻӦòԴ޵ҲһһڻҰȻ·˯ʱ־裬ǻҰ治
һü죬ŷ嶼ںͷսȻԼʵȲţĩԴ޾Բôģкüζһͷǵצ¡
ͷǲɱĵˣС꣬ŷʩչԽԽͬһ΢žȥȻµ飬ȴûаˮմϡ
⼸ʵˣͷǲɱſȫ·磬죬ͷǵļա
ƺ⼸ĲɱͷҲ֪ŷʲôʱˣվڹľ⣬Źŷĵ
⼸ҲǳǰԼܰǸܣ֮ǸȻԼƽоԼܵ˼衣
ÿǸһܣԼȥ׷׷ϣǻŭֻȫͷŵԴϣѸӦԴȫɱ֮ŸоԼϵõά
죬͵Ǹĵ죬һҪɱǸɶģȴԽԽԼĲµ࣡
һӰ˾ֱԵŷŸոճоһǿҵıԼϮ΢΢һһЦ
ԭͷͷǡ
ŷҲ壬˫ͳͷǳ˹ȥ죬ɱ
ɣ
ŷһͺ𣬱תȫҲе£һڵͷǡ
ء͡ء
Ӱӽͷһɫ˫̺޾ŭȫٶһ࣬ŹŷͶ˹ȥ
ŷ˫ۺһȴΪ侲ûøͷ͵һ¶ףͷǳ嵽Լǰʱ͵վϥҲֱ֮ӶͷǵĺֱӰͷǶø߸߷
Ȼ󲻵ͷǷӦ˫ָͬʱ̳ȫͷĸʱͷһʹ˽
ǰĿг˲ţû뵽ȻôεʱڣԼǰ챻ԼŰ˺۵ϡ
ٲģҲûˡ
أ
ͷӴصˤϣһƬ໨ŷ嵭ȻһЦǰ֣һͷڰٷ֮һԴսԼڡ
ոһͷڵԴŷһıȻȫȿֺԼ߻ۣȻԼڡ
Ÿĸй٣ǿ˽һıŷ֪ԼͻƵһڡ
ʵһͻһȼֻһıѣŷȴͬΪѱʱ˳޵ıʹʸһ¥ҲˣһȼͻƣϵͨһȽ׵ͻơ
벻ôͻƵһΪԺȥ׳ԴĥԼˡ
ŷ˷ܵĻ˼оһڵǿ֮󣬱ͷǵʬ壬ȥ
ͷʱʲôԴ޻ᵽ˹ŷҲûа׷طȥѰңҪҵģ׳ڵԴޣԴޣѾ޷ﵽĥԼĵزˡ
ŷ忴ǰһԼͷߣ˫ǽóȻǰ
ͷߣһ׳ԴޣȻŷϴοߣȴҲǼΣգ䶾֮ǿԿ׶һͷĩڵԴޡ
ͷһӣһһĻԼŷͷӵġ˻˻вһ֪ôȥԼض
ߴߴ磬նߴɣ
ŷһŭȣãȫһһƵͷߵĲߣߴնȥ
ô׾ùŷóѵĻͲԴˡ
ֻ͵һŤתϵҲ֮㿪˹ŷĹԴҲݺݵҧ˹ŷֱۡ
ֻҪҧͻעĶҺʱΣŷС
ЩͷǵļսùŷΣǰ޷ĸӦʵͻƣֶԼΣرǿңŷҲ룬ջضͷ߹˫һƮ֮յĶ㿪ͷߵ
ŷ忴ųһ亹ո˿ɣѾͷҧˡ
ֻһУԼǻԵŷһЦҪľЧ
ָǰŷһ㣬ܿͷߵĹ׼˫ʱͷ߼ȻΪתԴҧŷ塣
ιŷѾˣͷߺݺݵҧһڣʱŷɫһ԰ףͷߵ߶ѾעԼڡ
ŷæһһƷߵȵĽⶾѹڵĶԣһ򾣼ȥ
ͷҲ׷һ󣬲ԴޣҲһӵ켶似Ĺŷ壬ֻĿŹŷӰʧǰ


34 ĥ
ŷһܣһ߲ͣķһſŵҩͷߵĶԣ̫ǿˣһƷߵȵĽⶾڵĶԡ
һڵĶԣŷͣԼڵıܳ㣬սǱ۷ȥȥͷĥԼˡ
Դ޵ȷǶĩڵͷǿԱģһδˣһδƴɱֱ֮󣬹ŷǿܹͷߵĵ깥¶ˡ
£ŷܺͷߴƽֶܡ
һµʱ䣬ŷĳɳٶȿ÷ݣִﵽһڵ۷壬似ʵս飬Ҳͳͳ̥ǣѲǰ
ʱŷ廹żȥҶԴɱɱͷʲôģȷʳԳԡ
Դޣŷ붼ģ˵ˡ
ʵ似ʵսͳͳ̥ǵĳɾͺҩˮ׼ҲǴߡ
ֻһԽƷˡ
ĽⶾĲҩŷһϰƿҲԵö࣬ⶾãֻǱͷҧ˲ͳԣҩĵҩŷȴʱʱĳһţȫ˶ԣҲΪʲôôԭˡ
ҲֻӵҩռôһҩصˣŸ˻ӻҩ
ͷսڿսƽ֣죬ǹŷȡͷӡ
ͷߵǻ۱ͷǵǻۻҪߣʱҲӦ˹ŷɧšӣȴͷһɵɵĵŹŷ嵽ĸĸľŷ塣
ʼʱŷ˺üδľҲ֮ߣҲϰ
ֻҪһΣգͻľԾԣѾԶԶ˵
ÿÿһ뵽⣬ŷ嶼ɴĵ׵ġлͷߣЩͷ߰Լѵġ
ͻȻŷëԭһƿʮס
ŷ岻ûͷ֪ͷߵķ
С࣬
ŷһЦ˵ģЩദĲɱҲֻѣͷߣҪɱ
ȻôԵЩԼŵԼÿζĶأ
磬Ʈ飬ŷһδζͷߵĹһδεͷЩ˺ۡ
󣬹ŷ忴׼ʱкһ̺Լ渫ֱӿͷߵߴ֮ͷҲӦϳأӴʧϡ
ŷĮݽĻҰ½棬ô˿
ֻҪڡ
ˣŷֻаԼɸܹ˳˵ȥ
ȡͷڵԴ֮󣬹ŷһһ󶴣ͷߵʬ˽ȥ֮󣬱תȥֱȥѰһͷԴȥˡ
Լģֻôˣ󲻱Դ޳˶ѡ
漴ԳһЦɱԴ֮ȥˣҰ½ҲֻԼһˡ
ʯĳҲֻ֪֪Ӧѡ
һһ꣬תۼ䣬ȥˡ
ʱҩ֮⣬ŷ弸춼ԴɱжȹÿζŪһ˺ۣȻܡ
õĽҲ޷ġ
ߣʱ䣬ȻһӲ׳ڣ
ĸ似似Ҳɹȡ
ĽҪ似ֱӵ˶׶Σ䣡һǿߵȣֻһ㵽䣬䣡
䣬΢Ʈ飬ֽ˿Ŀ񱩣ʱ飬ʱֱֱȥԵ˫
Դ޵ĲУԴ޸ͰӰҲ˹ŷĽԴ޲ܵĵز
ĽԴޣѾмԴˣ׵ĽףһԽˣǰ;һƬûԽֻײߣ
ŷھ׳ʵĽ׳Դ޲ܣһͻǰ;˿Դ⡣
ʵ֮⣬ŷҩʦȼҲ൱ʱ䣬ȻֻһСʱҩŷȴ츳һƷߵҩʦƷҩʦ
ƷҩʦȻֻѧͽ߶ֻƷҩʦҩʦĻҰ½ϣһߵҩʦˣֻҪڹŷһԼݣЩҲƴȫ
ƷҩѾƷ߶ԷõˣûĸῴһƷҩʦۺġ
ŷȴû˿Ҫ뷨ϲڣûκ
ѾˣǸ뿪طˡ
ŷ廳Ŀ˿Լĳϡ𵱳ĳѾȫȥ۵ļʯϲ¶һ˿Цݣ죬ֳֻɱˣȻ뿪ɣ
ŷһľͰԼ񴲶ҩռ֮ںٴĿһۣȻתŸֳķȥ
ͽݣ΢飬ٶȼ죬תۼ䣬ŷӰʧӰ١
һֻĽ׳Դޣֳ
ݣ׵ҧһļβͣһϸĴ˹ŷɱʱСģ񼫶ȼУ˿
׼ᣬŷͬһӰһ㣬˲ԴĸֳЩ죬Ҳǳ˹ŷ岻ٿȽԱԼ࣬ȴԼսƽ֣⼸ռϷ࣬Ǵĵ׵Щˡ
ʵһһԿֲٶĵܵ뷨Դ޵ôֻӲ
࡫
ֳŭĺһȫͻ˳׵ķ֮С
ΪŷĸͷѾҪԼĲˣʵƺֱǰ࣬ٲƴԼͻɥڴˡ
ŷֳƺҪƴˣɵȻһЦҲһͻٶǣʹȫ˼Ӱɱ˸ֳ
ֳٶǵĹŷ壬ѵùӰʱͿˣǾ͸ӱ˵ˡȻһ˾ܡ
ŷ忴ŸֳƴܵӰʧЦô˵ҲһֻĽԴްôܾôأȴû뵽ԼǶôĿֲ
ŷôɱԴҲǾʮ㣬ԼɱԴ󶼻ܣ˹ŷҲֱӷŻر˫¹߶׼䡣
սֳܻŷһ£ԶսֻܵŷĻˡ
ৣৣৣৣৣ
ѾȵġҲǰһֱˣǸǶȶ漰ʹöԷ޿ɱܡ
Ȼ󣬱ŷ嵱˻ӵĸֳڼѵĵֵһ֮ڲʵı˴⬣òˡ
ϧƤˣߵĺòϰ
ŷ忴űԼɴ⬵ĸֳźҡҡͷߵǰڵԴȻװҩռ֮󣬱תŶȥ
תתĻƹǸԭˣֻߣпȥһĵط
ڶڣûʲôܸԼвˡ
ԴǰǸŮɱǸƽ֮ԴҲĽ׳ڶѣֳһȼ
һ·˵Ļŷɲȫ֡


35 սȺ
ŷƵһһ·ԴҲĽ׳ڶѣֻҪˣͱŷȫɱˣҲˣŷռ˲ٵԴԴϵϡ
һռԴŷѾٶԴˣԴϵĲλʤЩԴĻŷƵİٶԴ
һС·֮󣬹ŷ忴ǰؿʼӲһƬһ޼ʵĻĵسǰŷ֪ԼѾ߳ԼĶ
ƬĵؼȫһЩССĹͺͺʯͷûһأǾ͸˵ֲˡ
ŷһ·еţͥ붾ʪȻ෴ĸŷһ泩
յ֮⣬ҰһǲгĽϵԴ޵ģ˹ŷҲĻΣգҾΣգԼҲܹ
һ·ߣ;Ҳ˺üֻһԴޣͳͳŷһɱ
ʱѵ磬ŷңһǰһɲĵأûκεֲˮԴŷңҺóʱڳˮȻԼ׳ڵΪҪ˼Ҳ
ţŷͻȻоǰбһһʮ
ѵȺԴޣ
ŷһ˷ܣȺԴޣǼõĥʯ
ٶ룬磬תۼ㱼ϰףѸٶȣνǺš
⣬ȺԴǣܣ
һСӣʱ˹ŷӦȺԴޣСӵͷˣһһ۵Сӡ
ȻʵȴСǿĩڡ
˿ȴȫû˸ַ緶һʧͨƽһ㣬ıš
ԱҲƴȫֻ޸ĸΪʲôֻȡ
УһŮԳԱ໹ƯҲǷҲԸС
˿Ҳͬһţƽʱջ˫۴˿ȫ־ռݣΪСʵĳԱֻһ׳ȶѣ
µĻоȺԼԽԽǵĺԼǵġء
¸磬죬Ⱦѽ
оǾͿҪԼˣŵæǸ۵Ӻȡ
ɴʱʱȥֻŮ˵ĺš
¸磬Ƕֻʵߣ㻹СӵͷˣȥȾСɣ
ʱһԱоǿ־壬㷢ΪܶɢңȴԽԸ˵Сᣬвһ˿Ľ֮⣬æߴ߶ǰӺ
ҪԼȥȣң
г¸ֱ˵ôһٴμӴ˱ٶһ㣬ĶԱԶԶġ
⡭
аĽС߱ȥģһͷС飬ſˮǣеͷǰĽҲĻΪ˿־塣
ֻһŮ˶ǣΪһԼ
ţСĿ⣬ҲĮ漴ҲǴ߶һ˿ǰȥ
¸ĶԻСвһ˿ϣεĿһֱĽԼˣоֻҪԼΣ֮ԼӦŮˡ
һеİĽ֮ɫĮʱ֪Լˡ
׵ľˣΪڵıԽԽ֧ȺȴԽԽԽԽ
Ȼʱȴǰӭ漲۶һӰӦĻᶼûУӰԽֱӷ
ȻԼһֻͻȻءһУȻûϢ
Ȼͷһȴֻ׷Լ׷ֻǺһֻоϲѵľԼ
ǲѽõĹҶҲûùģѵ˳ȣ
뵽æǰȥȴһһװң޳ǿ׳úɫװֳһŹִһ֧Լ
ء
һǰʹ˿֪Լʱˡ
ʲôˣΪʲôԼ
ŻȺȥɱȻεȺֻʮֻǱȽٵһȺȺԴˣԶԶв߽ߣҲǵͽ߿ԶԿģֻϵߣпȥȺɱ
˸ոʱɢıȴֻ׳ڶѣΪھԼ
һ뵽Լʱˣٺĵ׼ȻȻһɾ˵ǱĶȻʱͻˣʵһеȣȫıҲָԱȸղſ˾һٶȣ
ŷ׼䣬ȴ벻ԼһȵŮӼȻͻˣһ㶣ЦЦǻԵȻĥ˵ġ
漴ͣ٣˲һ֧Ͼ䣬һֻԶʧ䡣

ʱǰҲڵһʱͷùĹŷ壬һΪŷ֮Σɱ֮ȡԼڵԴȴ֣̬䵭Ȼȴûϼȥ׷ǡ
вɻѵҪǣ
ܣҰⲻܻе߶޲ɱκһߣȻȡڵԴôȥأ
ʱڵԴҲʣ޼ˣѾܣҴʱûɱԼ뷨ɱЩȺԼβӽʱָأ
ҡ۵һ˿̰ϵŹӦɣ
ŷ۽ǵҲǷеһ˿̰вЦ
ԼȥɱȡԴԼǾȴ벻ȻԼ̰֮⣬ǲ֪ô
ŷ岻ԼɺԵɱħ߾ɱˣȻȡڵԴֻҪ˲ͲΪһԴȥɱߵġ
һ˭ĻҲԼȺѪ
£¸磬⣬ˣ˭˭ôǣѵʶ𣿡
ʱЩܵñȽҲûȥŷǱߣܵŷһ״ϽӲʵ
ǿҲֻͺˡ
ǣҲʶˣǸϿ»ָ
ҡҡͷ漴ȵŷĿ⣬ҲԽԽݡ
ֻҪָϵԴѾͶҵˣ
ٺ٣ߣҿɵ߰ɣ
ǣ
һ۵ĻЩԱһ㶣㿴е̰ݣл⣬æӦһ󣬱ϥڵϣʼָ˱
ۿԽԽŷľ棬һǡ
ŷһı˫ʱһֱע۶ʱ۾ֱˡ
ļȻļһһһԣ
⣬Ҫǵõ˵Ļг޾̰Źŷеı˫Ҫǵõ˵ĻԼͿԺü궼ٳɱԴˣ
һļһǣҵˣ


36 ֪ôǾ
ŷɲùдʲôС̣˫ֱԽƴ׼ԼлСᣬȺɱȥ
ͬһȺ쳣ȴƮޱȣЩֻжʵǸ·˵Թŷʲô˺ˡ
ৣৣأأͣ
ŷȺͻһ㣬Ʋɵһһתۼ䣬ͷɥ¡
ʲô
йעŹŷ嶯̬ԼĶԱʱһɴ۾ǲ˼顣
ǿŷȺ˾پɱΪ㳡ȴ˵
ӹһٵĴŽСᣬҲǿһĻʱĵ˫ۣо޷š
ŷڵıȻԿһĽˣȴֻ׳ڶѡ
׳һ˲ڼʮֻȡ˺üֻǵ⡭
ٿŷƮݵʱȻԭи߽似ֲøȺƴɱ
ؼ似
ʱԼȫ޷ˣ͵Ĵӵվŷбһâ̰֮ɫ
ֻеؼ似빥似ܹʵȺɱ
ؼ似Ѿ޷Լʱˣôãõߵ似ҲǻƼߵȵİˡ
ؼ似˵ǵؼҲһССͷͷԻõġ
죬죬Ͻ»ָ
ۼȶסԼæתͷҲͬĿ¶޾̰ĶԱǵͺ
ǣ
Ա۵ĻͬĻشŬѹסھͳǰɱ˹ŷ似뷨ϥƽһôƴĻָĵı
ٺ٣벻Ȼеؼ似һףͷؼ似ؼ似
ۺ⣬һĶŹŷ壬һмƻ׵ؼʵʼֻ׳ڰˡЩȫɱ֮󣬺ٺ٣ıҲʣ޼˰ɣʱЩؼ似ЩͶҵˣ
ò˵뷨ȷǶԵģⶼǶͨ߶ԡ
ľŷһȼͻƣͱȵͨһȽ׵ͻƣһȽ׵ͻƣͱȵͨȽ׵ͻơ׳ڣڵıȴǿԿĽڵߣ
ʵǰߵȼӦġ
ͬҲߵȼֻий٣ʵȵȾԴﵽͻˣͻơ
ˣҲΪʲôŷӵĽڵıȴֻ׳ڵԭˡ
Щ۶֪̰ļƻŵȹŷ屾ľԼôͻȻϮһɱȴ룬ݲ֪ߵغ̰֮ģΪ
Сûȥ۵Ǹ飬ոյ飬Ѿ͸ˡ
رǸҪԼһӣԼһӵߣǾÿЦޱȡ
Сῴе̰֮⣬ЦǰɱˣΪǻܻΪһͬʱӵؼ似ˣͨ
ҲֻЩ̾ڻҰ½ʮϰĶĵӣŻͬʱؼ似ɱЩĵӣЩԲưոݣЩʵ̵ˣ
ûбĵСᣬȷú׼ЩֻҪҶԹŷжͱɡȴǹŷѡ
ٿŷ壬ʱŷͥһ㣬Ⱥ࣬ÿһһǣһʮֻĸ¡
أ
ͻȻڹŷɱ˼ֻ֮ȺһֻǣͻȻһʹǺֻǵĺǾתԶݶȥ
ȻǱŷɱˡ
ܣŷҲɱҪһԼûʲôϾɱʲôġ
ɱôʮֻǣŷУģ鵭ĮʼʰˡսƷ
ɱļֻ֮⣬ڵԴɢûһ㣬ǱҲǲĶҲںǴ㵵Ŀ⣬ֱһЩʬȫսҩռ֮ڣʹˡ
Ǹлл㣡
ڹŷ׼ʱڹŷɱ¾»عСᣬŷҪߣæ˵
ŷعͷǵȻ˵ͷ󣬱תȥ
ߣ
ʱһԵ̲סˡ
ȻŷûʲôͻɱЩǣȴΪŷװģԼЩ˿ɱ
ٺ٣Ϊװɺʲô¶ûУҾͻûĸ׳ڵߣսô֮󻹱ģ
Ťһ̰۶Źŷ壬ٺһЦΪܴ˵
۵Ļ䣬С֮ҲһİѹŷΧУܡ
ʱЩ˵ıҲѾָһ㣬Ϊô˶ԸһѾľ׳߸ڻ¡
Ȼؼ似ĵǣȴ벻ôˣֻŻõؼ似֮Լһ죬ԼǶÿԴ֮Ůˡ
ŷ忴ΧԼˣȻһЦǻ̲ס˰µ
Сᣬһɱ֮ҾͿԱһˣ
ʱǸĽС˧ͻȻͷһԹ۵С˵
СȻ޶ԣ˼ˣæ˵Сᣬ֪ǰġղ׼ȥ㣬ȴ벻ʵͻˣûȥȡҴӦ㣬Ҫһӵģͻ
ð
СˬĴӦһǸһϲæóһطȴСո߽ĵЦȻһ䣬Ȼ˪һ˾Ȼ
˶ΪСΪȻʱŷ嶯ˡ
ֻоһХȻӦûзӦоӴһ׷롣
ֻһ˲䣬ŷɲǼɱʵȽģֻһ𾪵СԼ־ۡ
û뵽ŷȻͲװģ˲ɱԼЩ˵ʵЩѾˣڵģһŷ˫ۣ֪Լˡ
ৣ
۵ɴֻۣĿһɫĸͷԼԴƽһȴԼȻ޷ܡ
͡
ҽûü㱻һնԴѪŷһЩѪҺ
վһԵСȴˣ۵ѪŪһȴûʲôηģĵЩ⡣
ڻҰ½ϣûл˵ˣСҲ¡
Ϊÿ춼
ŷ˿ĿԼСᣬֻҪСûԼԼȥɱ
ӣŷЩڵԴԼڣȻֵǮĶȫֱתȻʧԭء
ֻһʧСᣬԼһصʬ塣


37 ʯ
ŷһ·ߣ֪ǰǺεأҪδ֪ķȥ
ȥ֪ģǻд
ʮ죬ʱʱԴ֮⣬˺üࡣ
ŷ忴Щ࣬ģ㲻ˣͲ˲ɱ㡣
ĽǱŷɱҲҲ˲ֵǮĺöԼٵԴ
ɱԽȻǻԴĺ÷ŷԳһЦҪȱɱңҲɱˣһ̫
ô룬ŷ廹ûȥɱԽĴ㡣
ԴԼɲȱԼڵҩʦȼ¯ҩкüԴˣȱЩϰٷ֮һô㣿
ţŷͻȻǰ෿ݣŷһϲѵǰĳ䣿
䣬ǻҰ½һĴڡ
ڻҰ֮УɱҰ֮еԴҲͬԸκξṩ
ȻṩҪԴģңκν뵽ߣҪع򣬲һ֣ȫ߶Ὣɱ
ʵ̫ߣɱ˵Ļͻᷢͣڲκ߶ɱߣɱˣн
ˣǺ߻ĳġ
һ·󣬹ŷȷˣȷһ䣬ʯĻĵһ䣬ܲ
䲻Ǻܴ䶼һȦߴľ׮Χסľ׮ҲСָϸĸ˿ǵסԴ޹ġ
Ĵſڣһһ߸ߵĲt̨ÿt̨涼һÿҲһվھ䣬ԤԴȺϮ
ʵЩĲ£µľȺԴޣһǧֻȺԴޣôĲ䣬ҲһԵ
ˣķ֮ء
ʮԴ
ŷո߽ţվڵĲ߾֣ޱĶԹŷ˵
ŷӻͳһöɫԴҶҲϻֱԱһãͷˡ
ǲ󣬵ġ
Ӹطߣ󶼶һЩﰲӣϾֻҪûɼңǵﶼǼҡ
ڹҲڲҲﶼν
ŷҲˣ׼úϢ£Ȼٳȥ
⼸񾭶Ǳýģ̫ˣǸҪһʱˡ
κβ䣬ҳһʲôС
꣬ҩƷ꣬װ꣬ȵȣȫҪ㹻ԴʲôʲôҲùŷһ⡣
ˣҪס𣿡
ڹŷҿ׼ҸطЪŵʱһʮһҵĿɰСŮ˹Լʵ
ŷһЦ֪ǲľǵͷ˵Ҫס
СŮŷ˵ҪסЩˣʱСЦ۾Ϊɰ
ˣҽʯСѾɡ
ʯСѾǽһԼ֮Ȼǰ·
ŷ΢΢һЦʯСѾͦɰһ֡
ǿŷЦݱȽаɣʯСѾһ·ŷʲô֪Ĺŷ壬ҲʯСѾĽ¶һЩ˽⡣
ʯ䣬ʯĵֻôһ䣬ֻҪʯĵɱԴ޵ߣ˲ϢһֱȽʢ
һĩڵĸ֣Ҳкü׸֣׸ָкüʮһԴȺûġ
ˣˣ
ڹŷ۲ΧʱʯСѾѹŷһùǰŷ̧ͷһʯùݡ
СѾҵıŮһȥܴһ˻ѽ
ʯСѾŹŷոսţƹ̨վŵһӣȰЦʯСѾСԴ΢Ц˵
ְ֣λҪס
ʯСѾСӣȻǺְܲԼСԴȻתͷСָͷָһ΢ЦĹŷ˵
ǺǣˣҪסʲô͵ķأ
ƹڷſʯСѾͷĴ֣΢ЦĿŹŷʵ
Ŷͣ
ŷһ֣ס仹͵
Ҳ⻹ǵһùסޣ֪ùЩ
ǺǣˣסùݵȻǷ͵ģͺ·кõҲвġ
ƹЦݵĽ͵ùݵķһΪֺţֺţֺźֺš۸ҲֱһԴһ죬Դһ죬ʮԴһ죬ʮԴһ졣
ŷȣֺŵסһǶʮԴѵʲôģ
ƺ˹ŷľȣƹ΢ЦŽ͵ȻԽķ䵱ȻҲǲͬġ
ͱ˵ֺţ󣬶һǶһԺ䣬ţԲκδҪʲôҲֱӷԸСͿˣķ񡣡
ŷҲû룬ֱ˵Ҫֺţסţٲ
ŷֱӴӻͳһöһɫԴңݸ۷Źƹ˵
ǣСѾϴŴȥֺŷ䣡Կףպá
ƹЦ˻û뵽ùʲô͵ķ䶼֪Ĺŷ壬ȴֱҪסһµֺţǴͻ
ڴžƣŶӵĸߣŷȻ־ͶһöɫԴסֺţҲзź⣬ŹŷҲǽȻֲͬͬУȴ̺źâ
һԴȻЩ˵Ǻܻܶ࣬һԴȥסģȴ٣Ҫ֪һԴңһƿһƷеȵҩˣ
ŷҲע⵽Щ˲Ŀ⣬ȴǲЦЦۣǾԶˡ
ʯУŷ廹Ĳʲô
ϣԼӮʯҲûһ˿׷Լġ
ٶ룬ŷֺŵԿףһ·ЦʯСѾùݺԺȥ
һҪʮԴȻе࣬ڹŷ˵Ǯ治ʲô
ƹĻӦΪҫԼ฻УֺŵĲκ˴ŶԵԺ
ҩŷ嶼ϲκ˴ˣŷ붼û룬;סֺš
νֺţŷΪǮû׻
һǱֲΧԺ䣬Ȼûƹô󣬵ȴⱾͲĲ棬ҲǷǳˡ
Ժһֻһ䷿һԡһéޣһ䷹
ùŷģԺмԺӣ󣬵ҲС㹻Լ似ˡ
ϰ似ԼֻʯŹȻǲܵġ
ʯСѾСѾͷĴ£ŷЩ䶼ͳͳһ飬ܸɾ࣬ŷҲͲѡˣҪˡ
ˣҽСվ⣬ʲôԸкһˡ
ʱһ͹ŷͲ̴࣬ͷëĵСһǫЦ˹Źŷ˵
Уһġ
ŷ˵ͷֺŷ治ʮԴһ죬
ǺãǾЪϢɣ
СæͷʯСѾ֣ʯСѾ߳˳󣬱ԺĴŹغãվ棬ʱȺŹŷķԸ
ŷȵСغ֮󣬱תſ˫ۣһȻԡȥ׼ϴ裬ϵƣ


38 
ҩҺľͰŷһ񾭣ڿԷˡ
ոԼݵһ͸ԼҶĺһڣʱڳ㣬ˬ
һҪһԴĲҶĸоǲͬ
ŷѾӶ˲Ҷζ̾һԼкü궼ûȹֲˡ
ϴ˸裬˱֮󣬹ŷ㴩·׼ȥֵ߿ûʲôطչģҩռ⼸ռĲϣкܶˡ
ˣʲôԸ
ŷոմţĵС㹪˸ʵ
סַˣҪôǮĸ̣Ҫôʵǿߣоҩʦ
ǮĸųΪŷûл
һ̵ģûʲôʵ˲ŻֻʵǿĻԼ
ҩʦĻҲϿųһΪҩʦļСÿʯ䣬кü궼ûһҩʦˡ
ǹŷҲûҩʦۣҩʦᴩһҩʦᷢŵҩʦۣҪñʱʱ̶֪̿ҩʦƵġ
ų֣Ǿֻһˣһʵǿߡ
Ȼ˵ֻҪ߲ɢԼڵı޷оʲôߣŷ⼸Ϊɱ¾Դ޶ɢǿɱԼһ˵ѹȸоС֪һߣ
ֻߣŻֻһ񣬾ͻһѹȸУʯҲֻ߶ѣˣСԹŷǼΪ𾴡
ϣֻǿ߲Żõ˵𾴣㲻
пչĵ̣
ŷҲ˵СһĨ֮ɫЦЦʵ
ӻ̣
С˼Ļش
ŷЦŵ˵ͷȥ
ӻ̣ŷոսʯĵһۣͿˣҲͲģֱȥ
ӻ̣ȻͬһʲôʲôϬţͷǰʲôһʲôѽһЩҩģŷ忴һۣһЩһƷĵ͵ҩģʱûȤ
ˣҪʲô
һԱŹŷʵ
ҪһЩ˭
ŷԼŵһȻʵ
涼һЩŷ⼸ɱԴõĲϣ֮ǰ˳ģֱӴҩռóĻ϶𲻱Ҫ鷳
Ͼûĸܹƾա䡯ġ

Ա˿ŷ屳ŵһʱ۾һǰ·
ôһװĶһЩ˶ʤҲһʲС⡣
ŷԱ˵Աĺţӻ̵һƫȥ
߽ƫŷһۿһڼԴ޲ϵСӣŷ˽̧ͷ˹Ȼֿ˹ŷ屳ŵһ۾
λˣҪ۶𣿡
Сӻ˻֣ѵԱ˳ȥһЦĶŹŷʵ
ŷʱſĳ࣬һ֪࣬Ǹ̡
ǵġ
ŷҲϻֱж˱İһ˵ҹ۰ɡ
֪˿϶Ṇ̀ŷҲ֪ЩмۣҲö˵̫ˣͻЩһʱҩռڵĿռúܡ
ǣ͸ۡ
˵꣬ת⿪ϵİʱסˡ
ĩԴ޺ߵߵƤ
Դ޽ͷܵͷ­Ƥ
Ľ׳Դ޸ֳĸƤצǣ
Ľ׳Դ嶾֩˿ң֩ţ֩ҡ
⣬⡭
˺һŻع𾪵ԸӣЩԴ޲棬ȻûһǵԴϵĲϣ
찡ȻĽ׳Դ޵Ĳϣһֹһֻ
˵ɴ˫ۣһУŵԱոĲĹŷ壬оþòƽ
ѵһĽߣ
ֻĽߣܹɱôĽ׵Դް
죡Ľߣм˰µĳߣǿ˿ɲֹһ㣡
ôЩֵʲôۣ
ŷ忴е𾪣ЦЦ϶ΪԼĽˣҲýͣΪԼĽҲãͻʵϼˡ
˹ŷʻһԼɲ̫ʧ̬ЩʵǿƢǹŹˣҪһˬɱԼĻܾҲ֨
ĽߣԿŰʮĩߣ
˼ԽĹ˿ɱ۵뷨æشˣƣЩӦİԴңҪ㡣
ŷ˵ͷͬˡ
Щ϶ϵģЩ׵ģֵ˼Ǯ˹ŷǰɱЩԴϵĲϣҪôǶˣҪôüֻϵԴ޲ϣķۡ
˰ѰԴ޲ȫ˳һһż۸񣬹һ֮һȴľ
ȻֻĽ׳ԴϵĲϣԴϵĲϣʤȫȻֵԴң
ˣЩһֵԴң
ʱѾȫû˸ղŵļթһ࣬Źŷ˵
ꣿܲˡŷ˲豭Ц˵У۸ɡ
ŷͬ۸һϲµľǹŷ岻۸񣬵ҲԼһŷͬæӻͳöɫԴң˫͹һ˹ŷ塣
ŷЦŽӹҲֱ뿪
ŹŷȥıӰǲ˲ͷ麹һӵĽԴ޲ϣǲЦúϲ£ˡ
ЩϣеĲҲ׬üʮԴң
ӻ̵Ĺŷ壬ֱӳŷװȥԼһװ˵ˣ뼸ǰ̫࣬ǰ·ԼȻţȴʼոоײģһ˺üǸҪȥЩ·ˡ
ʮ׳ۺ󣬹ŷ·ùȥ
׼ȥѡģһ룬һСʲôߵȼֻεĴظֻеԺȥʲôУȥ
ʵҲǿˣӦĵʵȻҲǿˣļѾ޷ˣֻиߵȼܹõķӳʵ
ˣ˰
սùݣ˵ƹ̧ͷЦݵĴк˵
ţŪһˣ͵ҵķ
ŷ塮šһͳһöһɫԴңƹ˵
ԷҪ˼ǮһöɫԴһжģŷҲںô㣬˵֮󣬱ԼԺȥ
ƹӹŷ嶪ɫԴҺæȥŹŷķˣȻѡḻİŵġ
صԼԺĹŷ壬ӻͳöɫԴңȫսڣΪ˵ֻܳؾŰԴٶĻҲղԴҹŷֻܴڶڹ
Ű֮ڣԼǲҪٵˡ
ͷ룬ŷ廹оԼ⼸һΡ
ʱ䣬ԼȻʹһõһԴҾ˷ܵȥСۣԴҶöղ˵ߣ˳һƷҩʦ
Ǻ棬Ϳܲܰˡ


39 Դ
ŷ»ûһԼҪķ˱ˡ
ŷ忴ŷϵӷḻȣӲɡĽ
˵Լкü궼ûԹЩˣĶԴ⣬ٺóԵԴ⣬⼸ҲǳˣڿЩĲˣŷ岻ʳָ󶯣ڵĿ
˵ȻڵķݣζȴһҲȷݵζÿһ˶̵Уζȫŷ嵹ǳԵýζһ˴ʳ
Ȼ˵⼸¹ŷúϢԼ似ȴȻܷ¡ͺñˮۣҪˣŷ극˫ʼϰ似
ʱһһĹȥŷѾ˶ʮˡ
ʱŷҩռ֮Уҩ
һƷеȵĲҩѾûʲôˣԺ֮еҩ䷽ҲҩʦȼҲĸߵȼҩ
ڣŷƵıƷȵġԪҩ
ƷȵҩѾʵǿ߷õҩˣŷڲ׳ڣ֪Թŷжôô
ҩռҩģҲֻƳƷȵҩˣϣҪŷԼȥѰҹҩģʱڹŷ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ҩϣŷԪҩϲǿʵҩܹԼڣ
ҩĸټԼǿʣʵٶȣѾǰٶˣԼٶȣǻҪ죡
պ⼸𶯵Ԫҩŷһҩռ䡣
һҩռ䣬ŷֱùݷȥʱ䣬ӿʼҩԼѾûԷˡ
ҩĵȼҩѶҲ֮ɹҲ֮½
ҩԼĳɹʼȻʧݲƳģһѵʱܳԺԽԽٶɹҲȻͻӦߡ
ƹģҳˡ
ιŷûŪһӲ˳ˣֻŪˣӾˡ
߷Եȡ
ƹЦŴӦһָСȥ׼ȥˡ
ˣʵԵģǿԸȥ䡣
ЩŷһֱסֺţƹļֱЦúϲ£죬Ҫ֪ƽʱֺſǺסģιŷĵȴûټˡ
ãҾԡ
ŷЦŰ˰֣ڿķǰ
Ͼ淹ݣԷҲûмˣֻмסһһߺžƣ⣬һ߸̸˿ûһԵĹŷ塣
ϲ˻ǺЧʵģŷֻСƬ̣һȱ
Ȼŷ˵Ū˾ˣƹķԸ£Ū߰˵ˣŷҲûܾӣ㿪
ԴԴޣ
찡ԴޣôԴޱϣ
٣͹ª˰ɣԴֻЩʵߵģߴӵֶܲ
ڹŷŷʱùͻȻһ󾪺ŷϸһһԴ
Դŷ廹΢֪һЩģ⻹ӹżҶϿġ
ϣ໹ԴޣֻǿߡԴӵеķ֡
һԾԵʹ֮һǴȦģרġ
ȦԴԶԶûֿʵѱҰԴȦԴޣԸһ㶼˳ֻʺϹ˳ˣûʲôɱ
ʵѱҰԴͲͬˣɱû䣬һԼϵһսһɱ
ʵԹŷڵʵҲȫԿʵѱһֻһҵĵͽԴ޵ҪΪͽ׵Դޣû˿Ҫѱѱָ߽Դޣ
ֻи߽ԴޣԼսʱã
ԽԽŷ̧ͷһһȻùݶ
ǰģһԴ꣬ĿԼ󣬳ú˧ȴһư̧ۣۿ˵ģ𵱳Ǹ棬νй֮޲
¿µֻʱŷЩЦ˳
һֻ˫ͨ죬ݲݰëҰŷסЦⲻԼĵһֻԴޣݻҰ
̫вˣһ׳ڵҰƫƫһ˲ӣŷˡ
ٿˣȴ˹ŷע
˶һɫףҳͷֿһ˫۾͸¶һɷҲʱ޿̶ɢһѹȸУŷ۾һüһٶĽߣ
ֻĽߣŻƣ
ٿ˵ƣмǸ껤м䣬ȻĻ
˹ȻĳӵܣȻĽ߻ԣԲһ㡣
תĿ⣬ŷȴˡ
һĺܰȴֵˣվͺһԲһ㡣Ⲣŷԭϴķװ
һɫۣؿڲλҩƬҶӣŷһȻһƷеҩʦ
˵ͣҲһҩһҩʦȻҲˣֻǶƷеȡ
ҿһֺŵķ䡣
ڹŷ۲һ˵ʱһѾ߽ùݣ˵Ľеһ
⡭ˣʵǲ˼СΨһһֺŷ䣬Ѿ˾סˡ
ƹĿһˣɫЩΪѵ˵
ôƹǾ൱ġһˣͷԲСر䵱ʱʱɢѹȸУʹɫЩ԰ס
ҳһļǮ
ʱ򣬽ùݻȻҰϵ꿪ˣ˲һ
⡭
ƹһһļǮвЩ⶯ȻЩԥ
ȻΪ룬Ҳ˵˳ļǮߣͰס˸ϳȥɣĻͲÿˣΪסˡ

Ȼ˵Ϊƹ񲻻ܾļ۸
ˣֺ˾סˡ
û뵽ǣƹȻֱӾܾˣƺܾúܼ
С˵ʲôʲôû˭ܾġⲻɫ΢΢Щѿ
ͬʱƹܾĻĽͬʱɢϵƣʱȵƹ˼ǽϣɫΪ԰ףȫֹסĲ
ղ߲ûɢϵǸ߽ȻγɵѾƹЩˣɢȫƣƹֻһڵΪĵֵס
ʮӵĿʱ䣬ٸҾܾĻٺ١
û˵ˣһĽ׻˵Ļַҵĵϣв֮˭ó
ƹɫӲ԰֪˲ȫŻԼֻҪԼپܾǣǿ϶ɱԼɱԼ󣬲϶ƨҷһΪԷһ£ʯ˲䱻Ĵӵܡ
ΪԼһˣȫꡣ
ң˵ƣĽ߰ɣ
ĽߡƹһɬɱԼʯ䣬˭סǣ
û취ˣԼֻôӦˡ
ƹ̾һȻƵȷҪԼȴʲôǡ
ְ֣
ƹҪӦʱһɰСŮȻ˽͵ƹĻȻתСӡ
ȻЩԼЩɢƺ£ȻſСС˫ۣԼİְֻ󣬴۾Ǻ£Ҳ΢ЩĶ⼸˵׼ۣ۸Ұְ֣


40 
ŷˣڳ˶ˡ
ʯСѾŷ忴СŮ΢ĽߵѹǶ׸ֶЩһڵСŮȻӲĵֿסѹ
СѾ߿
ƹʧɫæʯСѾԱƣǧҪ⼸ɷ
ҲҪ۸㣡
ʯСѾʱѾû˺֮ɫȻľǿվԭأ촽Ǹ꣬ƹҲһ¡
ƹƲ᲻˻ƵˤˣԼۡ
СѾͷƬӣ𣿡
Ұϵ꿴ʯСѾƹǰô˵˵Щɫѿ
ŷ忴üһСӶ˵ĻӵܣôƦå
ԣԲ𣬴ˣŮ£ǧҪ͸ȥźֺŷ䡣
Ļƹһæ˰˵
ߣ⻹ࡣ
һһ⣬ոԼô磬һô˲һ㡣
ڳ߾бģֲ¶˿ӵһˣĽ׸ɱԼ
ƹһΪѵĿһֱԱߵĹŷ壬Ϊˣ治˼ܲóֺţλ˽ȥסأ
ŷЦһԹԵĶϵһ裬һڣ죬ʵƾʲô
ɲ⼸ˣó䣿Ǿսһ
ŷĻ䣬˶翴㿴ѵûǰƣ
Ǹ꣬Ҳ͵ķӦ˹ҧݶæĽ߷Ըɱ
˵꣬һЦĿŹŷ壬ڿһʬһ㡣
ǣɱң
ŷȻվ𣬳ָȫ˲ͷţǰļˣʮ㡣
Ľ׸֣ȴΪǼ廤쿿ҩʵԵǵʵս顭
ŷԼǣȫܵľأ
Ľ׸֣찡ֲеԭҲĽ׸֣
ʲôܰɣǴҲ꣡
ܿܣ
һֱԱ߹ۿ˶ʱ·ը˹һ㣬ͳͳſܣ⼸λĽ׸֮ս꼰㣬˵ǡ
ܳùݵǣû߶Զڰȫһ쳤ԴۿѵһĴ򶷰
ССʯڣƽǺٿĽߵģһȴһλһ˳һ궼ѵһҩʦǲ˷ܣ´ˣеÿˡ
Ľߣ
ղŻһЦ꣬һܵ˹ŷɢƣɫһ䡣
ȻǴӵܣȴֻʵˣĽߵƣЩӦġ
ƣһֺ˵Ķ
ŷ壬ʵֻ׳ڵʵȴΪԵԴɱƣӦ˵ɱȴñĽ׸ֻ֣Ҫɢһ㶼ᱻ˷ʵ
үʦ鷳ȳȥţɱ֮ٽ
ʱԴĽߵһ˵ˣĶԼҩʦ˵
˵ͷæҩʦߵ⣬ЩһͬۿţԼͲĽߣҲ޷սʤԼߵĽߡ
лǱȽϷĵġͨϣ¶һ˿Цȹ˰֮ȽҪɱҪúõһ
ʵҲﲻƽȲ˵ŷںԼԣ˵ô࣬ʱԲᳬһ꣬ȴԼʵô࣬һˬ
ͬ棬λŮ֮⣬ûб˱ȥ
λɰŮˣвɳ˰Ľ֮⡣
س˶
ƹʯСѾȥ㡣
ڣŷ΢Цſһ𾪵ƹԼɴ۾ԼʯСѾЦЦ˵
ãá
ƹŷĻʱ˹ʯСѾæùȥʱŷѾûƽʱ⣬ǣһ˿˿һ˿˿ĸм
ôҲû뵽ƽʱһ΢ЦͺĹŷ壬ȻôǿһߣҺãҺԼƽʱûʲô顣
ƹʯСѾȥ󣬹ŷǹ۾ŶĽߣһ˷ܡ
ȻɱܶĽ׳ڵԴޣûжսĽߣһһλ
ŷ˽е˫һĥԼĺûѽ
Źŷ΢΢ǣ΢е˫ۣмȻһɺ⡣Źŷ˫ۣҲԽԽ衣
ֻǶμҵͨˣȻĽߣƽʱǶ壬似˶սľ
ǰƺү͵꣬ȴһּΣյĸоǲдģŴ󵶵˫֣Ҳӽˡ
ڹŷո׼ȳʱȻùſڴһŲŷɻ⿴ȥȴһͱȽϴˣһȺˣҴææ

ˣվ׼Ϸʯˣæ񣬹ŷһ㶣ʯⳡսѵôˡ
λˣϢŭʯλлú˵лú˵
ϵһƱ˼ææ˽żսˣæ˹֣̬˵
ڸղţ˸Լ˵ʯùҪ򶷣ʼʯȫкǷŭѵԼĴ
һ򶷵˼ȻĽʱʱйˣæŲִæ߸ϣҪֳʲôµĺá
Ϊ˸Լ˵򶷵һĳӵܣʲô£Լˡ
Һøüʱ˻ûвһ
ֻҪûһж˵
һļȻһʱ㶡
ôᣬʵˣѵҲĳӵܣ
뵽һԲһһ£ŭ𶼲ԼССʯܹܵġ
һϹæȰܡ
ʱվġүһǰȰܣоһŭҪ˰ˣԼúһɱأôԲ
׼ʱȴԼԶԼ޵ҡҡͷȻǲҪԼ˵
һѵԼ˵ʵ˼ɣ
ȻܿȴɵŭҲ֪ԼҪԼ̬֪˺ֻ֣ӲҪĻŷȴǸӶ񶾡
ʱܹ
ǶμңǻҰ½ϵһ壬ԼΪμҵĶӣ˭ԼǱϹϾģ
ȴ첻һССƹܾԼ䣬һԼû˵ССߣҲԼԿʵ
ߣΰ֮󣬱ضԸ׷ɱ㣬ӵĺǣҲֻ·һ
үЦĶһȻĹŷ壬뵽


41 
λˣϢŭ͸ùݵֺŹϢ
ʱ֣֪ͣԵɵʯȫæתšү˵
ߣߣ
үһôܻס
кԼһֱԼҩʦһ󣬱µҰʯȥ
ү׼Ϸߣүһ˹æóһ·ԶԶģλͷϵĶүɱԼǾûȥԩˡ
߳ʯĴʱүعͷһùݷĿкŭٴһ󣬱ĵȥ
ȶүߺʯȫɲ˲ͷ麹һתĶһԵĹŷʵ֪λ˵մ
ŷ嵭һЦջ˰֣˵Ҫ
˵꣬ϣԹԵļ˷
뿴Լڵʵж٣ȴ뱻æϣĵ׶еʧ
ЩȴûӰ쵽飬ʱ䣬ٹ죬Ҫʼˣʱеʱ俴Լʵ׵ʲôز
ǣԣҾͲˡ
ŷȻֿʼ˷ʯȫĲٶʣ˻˻֣ˣȥ
վˣûֿˣҲʼɢ˿ȥŷ񣬶һ㾴η
֮飬ǿߣ˾ηοǿΪĻҰ½
󣬴ˣղš
ʱƹʯСѾ˹ŷһ
ղӦҪѷڳøǸүסȴû뵽λƽܺĹŷҲĽ׸֣ƺʵͦǿӣЩˣбȽΡ
ûϵ㣬Ҳ
ŷҡҡͷ΢Ц˵
ƹŷͲ⡣ԼΣˣӲţǲǱ
лллл˵⣡
ƹŷĻижæл
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ʱԭڳԷҲһһĽˣƹŷĶԻҲڶв
ͬǸ֣ôôأ
Щ֮ǰԹŷһóһöɫԴסĻ̥ߣʱҲظҺûô֪ôġ
ŷص仹ûһſڱŷţһԭǿɰʯСѾ
ʯСѾʲô𣿡
ŷʯСѾСӣʵ
ʯСѾӣһЦС֣ſһöɫԴҰ׵С
ˣҰְ˵ղŵΣͲմ˵ķǮˡסãסá
ŷЦЦ֪µĻƹһֱİҲ˵ʯСѾеԴң˻С
ʯСѾȥְ˵ղŵ飬Ҫϣȥɡ
ŷӣʯСѾ΢Ц˵
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ʯСѾߺ󣬹ŷţߵԺ룬ʼϰ˸似
ĸ似ԽԽ죬츫ϵʽѧҲԽԽ࣬似似ոոںĽ߶Կĸ
Ȼı㹻ʵս㹻ḻҲǲĽ߶սġ

ʱҴң󣬹ŷʰö뿪ʯ䡣
Ȼߵʱȥ˳߲˵ȶҩռڣܻ壬ҩռֲʣ˹ŷֱӻһµԴңʯ߲˶
ߣһ˺Щ죬ʯĵأûһֱֲʮ󣬹ŷڿֲ
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ŷǰһƬɭ֣ÿһֲĵؾͺһ㣬һһһ״ϸĲһȫʯͷĻĵأγĶԱȡ
ɭһܼԴ˻𣬸һŷ֪һСյء
Сյ˵ĲǵطСԴ޵ȼ͡СյʵǿԴ޲ᳬףֻĴյŻг׵ԴޣǶԴޡ
ŷüͷǰɭ֣Ӧûг׵ԴްɣȻ޷ﵽĥԼĵز
ˣأȽȥ˵ŷüͷչٶ룬¼ϵľֱͦˣɫɭȥ
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չֻ֪ΣռԴޣܵǰŷֱֻԴҲڴ˿̷ΣգѾˣֱӱһᴩԴᴩͷ­ٶȲֱûĴϣֻһСβڲƣɼŷһ֮׼֮
ԭֻһֻ׷
ŷֻԴڵԴ֮ûȥȥ
һԴϵĲϣ˿᲻Ȥ
ɭڵľԽԽܼŷ̧ͷһͷ⽥Ҷ֦ڵڣԵЩ谵
ⶼ⣬ʵҲԹŷڵǰһ㣬˿Ӱ졣
ţŷ˵ڶֻԴޣֻһƷڡ
⣬һɱ
ʱúܿ죬תۼ㵽˰ͱȽϻ谵ʱֲָ󲿷ԴҲϢˣŷһ£ΧԴ޺󣬱㿪ʼԴ⡣
ܿ죬㱻ˣŷһһһ߲ԼһЩҲ˳Źѣڻϣ߲ˡ
һһ߲˱㱻˳ټһԴ⣬Ҳʢ
ҩռôŷɲԼóԵĻҪԡ
ʳŷֱô˯˾ǿԽҩռ˯Ļ̸ʲôأ
ֻʱʱ̰̿ԼΣ֮Уֻзַ붼֤ģпͻ㣬ŷڶļ꣬ᡣ
տʼŷһվʰöϹȥ
һҹкüֻ׵Դ޶׼͵Ϯŷ壬Ȼ˯ȴȻžĹŷôûз֣㼸ǹˡ
ŷξͬһ磬һÿô֮䣬Դ޾ֱɱһ·Ҳɱ˲ٵͽԴޡĽϵԴȴһֻû
ҲԣֻСյذˣĽԴҲǸ߽Դˣôġ
ɱһԴ޺󣬹ŷȻǰд
ϸһӦĽ׵ı׵ıŷ۾һӿٶȣͬһ磬Ǳ߱˹ȥ


42 ɱ
磡磡أ

ŷոոϵһӵæסıһһ󣬹ۿ˳ڵ龰
ʵֻҪصĻһǲֵᷢġ
ڣȻŷһ·ģԼıҲû˷
ŷһڴ򶷵ʱһ㶣Ǳ΢΢𣬼ȻǡˡүһУ
ƴ򶷵үҩʦȴվǱɫЩǵĵˣȴһֻԴޣһֻĽʵĿԳ
Ľ׳ڣĿԳĽڵԴޣһԴ޶ͬ׵ͨǿο໹Ҫһȼ
ʱѾ˺ˣһűĿԳһץ˿ڼĹͷԼɼѪֹɫ԰׵ˣ
ٿĿԳһ˺ۣҲŶˣֱӿǰ࣬Ϸʡ
ĽԴޣƽȻЩȲǻۣҲ˶ˣֱ飬Ҳʲôֵˡ
үֻĿԳ̫ˣǸϽӰɣ
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үֱӾܾµĲݻҰֻĿԳʱѾŵûùŷһЦ
һܹ֮⣬֪ʲôãŷҡҡͷ󣬼ȥ
үȻƷߵҩģֻػǸ͵вٲܣǾҪȫɥڴˣ
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үĿܣһĿԳİԥһʱ֪ѡ
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׼ֻĿԳ޷ɱǵĻȥѶүһ˸ˣڿҪԼ֡
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ŷ忴ٴЦһүʵǶĩڣԼȥĻܻã˵ܹսʤȴҰϣս֣˿ûȥæĴ㡣
һĿԳϣҲ˼˺ۣȴأ˿Ӱķӡϣ˺ȴԽԽ࣬ƺҩЧҲȥˣֿԽԽ䣬ܾ֣Ҫˡ

һҽУصĻǵסˣĿԳݺݵץ˶ӣʱĳӵȫ˳˺üףˡ
ҲĿԳӴӵһ̣׵ˡ
үܣ
һһλٸмֲסæתͷͶŶү
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Ѹٳһ֧ڹϣŷ׼ܵĶүıӰһ˹ȥˣû˿֮ġ
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㣬˭Ȼɱң֪˭𣿣
ү۵ƺһֱӴӲݻҰϹķЪ˹ĺ
ʵԷֹŷĴڣŷȴǿô˳ֱۣ۵öͷȫ亹ĶүĿ⼫䡣
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ŷ߳үǾһɫʱѿŷȻִһ֧үŵɫһףæ˵Сӣ֪˭ɱ֮ҲԻɣڷң֮ǰһʹ
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ŷ΢΢ЦĿ˶үһۣһ䣬ֱӶŶүͷ­һ˹ȥ
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үĴһ֮ͫзŴ󣬡͡һ죬˲䶴Ķͷİ׵Ķʱһأòˡ
ŷ忴ŶүǰеĲԼԹĿ⵭ȻߵүߣȡڲƵԴ֮󣬱ĿԳķȥ


43 μ
ĿԳսҲӽβŷոߵ㿴ĿԳһҧǸҩʦĲҲȥ
ˣүһˣֵС
ɱǸҩʦ֮ĿԳҲͬʱ˹ŷĴڣûȽɫͫ׽עŹŷ壬Ϊϸо˼ȵΣϢ
ŷ͸Щ˷ܣľ˼ϣ棬һͺͬһɿ磬ĿԳ
ĿԳս޿ɱܣҲǡ󡯴һӭ˹ŷ塣
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ϾԼӣĻڶμҵкܴӰ죬ֻҪԷǳǾ׼ܶμŭɣ

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һսļԶڿԲκ˻ɱĽ׳ڵԴޣȴ޷֤ĽԴ޵Ĺ²κˣֻܱ֤࣬ѡ
ȡĿԳڵԴְĿԳյҩռ֮󣬹ŷߵǰӣСİһһӱС
ӣרŷҩĵĺӣͬҩһժҩžˣҩЧɢ棬ȴǿԱ֤ҩĵҩЧɢ
ѷŽݵİӶҩռ󣬹ŷվȥ
ˣİʯĵصԴҲүӦþȥˡ
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ʯȫվͷǰֹסʵ
룬ܿǰǸҰǸܺƵйˣЩ˵ģӦòǽйԼСġ뵽ʯȫеĴʯ
ֻҪǽйԼģʲô˵ˡ
ǰʱ䣬ûпһŲݻҰꣿ
ӸµĶʯȫʵ
УУλ˸ûþˡ
ʯȫүŷһ˵飬¹ŷ屳Ҳдʱ¹ŷǲ䣬ǲ˵ˡ
ˡԴĸ򣿡
ȷ˶үֶ֮ʯȫʵ
ڣǸ򡣡
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ʯȫкһ󣬱Դַ˹ȥ
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ɢ˰ɣ
ʯȫĶΧĲȺ˻ֺ󣬾ֱԼסȥ


44 Ӧ
ţǰһֻĽ׳Դޡˣ
ŷ崩֮УȻӦǰһֻĽԴޣɹ˹ǣμ٣˹ȥ
⼸죬ʵȲȻѾҪͻƵٽˣ˷ܡ
żʱ䣬ҪͻˣȻֻ֮ǻԼ÷
ˡ
ŷϵıûأֻĽԴ޵ȻҲ˹ŷĴڣˡ
ŷһʲôԴޣңҺӵ
ûȶãֻԴ޵Ӱ˳ŷĿһݣȻӣһã
ʯʱ򣬹ŷһԴ޽ܡһ˻Ұ½Դ޵Ľ飬ʲôԴʲôȼ涼е˵
ԴʲôʲôԣҲһһüˡ
ãŷҲǴ濴ġ
ãȺӳԴޣֻҪһڣʱƵĻҪһСᣬȫָ̧ûС󣬾ͻᱻøڵѪҺ
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ȡڵԴĳͺ󣬹ŷŻر棬¹ǰС
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һھ˵ˣϾ⼸ŷΪ˶Լľԣÿ춼˯ҰġԼڵıһǽһﷶΧڣŷ;ܹǵĴˡ
ʱĹŷ壬Űɱһֻ׳ڵԴޣȥͽֻԴ޵
ոһֻԴڵԴȻһ㶣󷽿ȥɫȻҲû߿š
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ʵ⼸ŷɱ಻һЩµߣûѶľɱˡ
٣üһԭǸ˰ôܹɱһֻ׳ڵԴޣ㻹һѽ
ӣ˵һõ׳ʵ󺺡
ŷȴúǷϻֱӹĶڵıӰһȻǡ
⼸ԼԼɢƣŷܹ϶ֻΪԲᳬĽסĽ׵ĸֻùŷ΢ϵ棬ףͷ°ˡ
ģĽף
ŷһɢϵƣǶʱŵɫһסôҲû뵽ôһˣȻĽ׵ʵ
Ƕ룬ŷָѾˡ
ʱŷ渫塣䣬ֻűսĶ֣̫۸ˣֻһӣдﵽĥԼĵز
磡
ѵĵ˹ŷһͷӲ΢΢֣æ˵ˣ۲ʶ̩ɽ룬Źһɣ
ɫҲǷףǼӣҲҸĽֻ߲վǸͷϣŷܹһ
ߣֻߣʱܻȻɱ˶ᱦ뷨ǾҪñɱ׼
ŷЦһǳЦһԼǿǻԼһ
ŷĻͷ߲ҧҧƺʲôһᣬɫ˵Ȼ¶ĲŹˣǾɣ
˵꣬͵Ĵӻͳһŵҩȥ߼ˣҲҧҧһŵҩʱǵʵͷ˷츲صı仯

ŷ嵭һЦĿȴʼ˷ĽߣȻʵĽߣҲԼʱΣգ⣬ԼҪĥʯ


45 굤
ֵǣɱ
ͷ֮󣬳˹ŷ塣
ߣҲԵӿı֧£Ϣηľͳȥ
ܽŷ˲һָĿҲɲǼñ硯һסһһָ͵һǸ˵ǰһɼǵ˺ۡ

Ǹͷʹôһμˣ˿ڣɫҰֽ
˫Ȼʹõ˫
Ŀ⺧Ȼ֪˫Ŀ֮óȻǰ
˫һͬʱʹ˫ѰһҪʹõϺü
ȻѶˣҲ֮ӡ˵һʹ˫ˣɱԿԱȵˣ
󣬴磬ô죿
ŷֻһͷߣھͬʱҲǰˣߵͷߵߣʵ
ô죿Ȼʹõ˫ոһʱȴʵʵڵĸоֻ׳ڵΪߣôҲֻ׳ڵΪҾͲˣ
ͷĿļ˵ң˫似ûһǵģ似
似
ͷߵĻ߱Щµɫ˲㱻̰ռ˽еҲҪͷ߷ԸɢΰѹŷΧм䣬ֹܣĿ飬Ѱҹ֮
Ǹôŷ嵱ȻõǵĻҪǷɢܵĻܵõһ뻹Լ似ŷĿǣҡҡͷԴȪ
ٶ룬ȻҪŷûܣҲ֣߶һֻްߣԵ׵似ʩչֻ硯߱мܲסˡ
ӹŷ忪ʼɱߣʵֻ˲ӵʱ䣬߷ӦɱʱȴѾˣֻ͡һ߱㱻ŷһȥԴĿѡ
Ҫɱ㣡
תۼһѣĲͬʱһеĴ߶Ťĳ˹ŷ塣
ৣ磡
ŷǾյĶ㿪ͷ߿һֵָһߵһһתһָҲŻԱߵ߾Ϳȥ
ʵǣҲǳصģǸͷ󵶣ֱս˹ŷȥֻ֣ŷʱȫëһ̤أˣܿһ

ܿ˹ŷһȣ̧ţ͵һĴǿ˺ϱĴҲڹŷĴ΢ҡ˼£һƬƬҶƮ䣬ŷҲĴ߶³ߡ
飡žأ
ӵŷһһȴ˿·磬켰Ĵ߶ࡣߣڹŷһаԵĹ£ѾѪмܵü
빥ŷ壬ŷȴһֻͰǿ಻ԡ
Ǽн֣͵³һѪոչŷһŵؿڣǿʹ˺üײ˺ϲͣҲˡ
ܣ
Ǹͷ߿֪ٲûˡȻǵؼ似ˣҲҪòаɶԼͬһҧҧתˡ
˵ͷߵĻҲҲ룬תܡ
ܣߣܵõ𣿡
ŷҪܣѱ䣬¹׼ͷߵıһ
ХӰΣҲԽԽǿңͷ߻ͷһʱɫ䣬ȴˣֻĿŹԽԽֱ͸ԼԿǡ
һĹŷ壬ȥһţֲʵͷߣתһһ⣬һɱ
ŷɫȻбҺľҪ߽ȥȡڵԴʱȻɫ䣬Ҳ룬չʧԭء
ڸղţŷͻȻоһȺʮü˹Ȼϲûɢ⼸ĥ£ʹùŷΣżΪĸӦֻ֪ҪԼȺˣԼͱɡ
ùŷ󾪵ǣԼ˺һһת˼䣬Ⱥƺ϶Լһ㣬Ȼ׷ᣬвɲ
˵֮ǰȺ߿ǱΪ򶷵ıĻڹŷȴò뷨
Լڿıģܹôȷ֪ԼķλŷͲòɣǲרųԼģ
ѵǸү
ŷüͷһ߱һ뵽
ԴӻɱǸү֮󣬹ŷ岻û׷ɱԼиͲôġ
ʱɱǸүʱ߸ûκ˿ôһƬ棬ôˣôȷԼɱأ
ˣˣҪ
Ȼ벻ףͲˣŷ岻һٶȱ켶似ǿҲһչ֣ȺߵľԽԽԶһԶԶİ
ˣˣӦþǰǵ
ʱһ·ŸӦ׷ĶμһȺˣҲͬʱ˹ŷ߷ıŷ׷˹ȥ
ǵʵȹŷǿ󣬵ǻƼԼôܱȵù켶һᣬŷıʧǵĸӦΧڡ
ɶ񣡣
ͣ˽Ųݺݵһ䣬ôҲû뵽ɱκͶǸ˼ȻҲǵؼ似ջͬʱҲ⾪
ѵɱүĳӣ
ֻЩӵеؼϵ似ǻҰ½ϹϵģĻǾЩ鷳ˡ
ˣ׷׷
ɻͬʱһʵǰŵֻӦʵ
Ƭ̣һҧ˵׷ȥ˵ҲǸؼ似żȻõģ˵ĳĵӣ
ǣ
ȵȣô׷ȥĻǸ˿϶ᷢǵģǱƻһ¡
ס׼ڸӦ׷ȥˣ˵굤ÿ˷һţıԼ壬ǶԷȼǸֻ࣬һףҲܷˡ
˵ţʹӻͳһƿ浹һſɫĵҩ˷ָˡ
굤벻Ȼ굤
һóƿҩв˵һ𾪵˵
ҳʱ򣬼ҵġڱҪʱã벻õϡ
͵
굤ʲô
Ǽ׸֮⣬ЩĽ׸ָͲ֪굤ʲôɺʵ
굤㶼֪Ʒߵȸ൤ҩǼˮʦƳģ
һ׸ֽ͵˷ܡ
Ʒߵȣ
ˣЩԺٳµҩ֮󣬾׼׷Ǹˣ
һڣЩæȻġ
˷µҩֻ֮Ӧŵ˵ϣһأֻӦֱܣҲٶ˵˺ͷŷķ׷ȥ


46 ׷ɱ
ȺߣŷȴɲͣһֱʩչƬïܵĴдţżһֻԴޣҲֱԹЩ˻׷
ŷôǿҲһȥôߣһ£֪Ǹʲôү׷ɱԼĻԲͽߣҲĽ׵ģȻ߷Դ޵Ϻȡ
ɱǸү׷ɱԼŷͲڣԼûɱٳʯ俴Լŷ֪һɱԼġ
Ȼˣֱɱﻹˬһ㡣
һǰľԽԽܼԴҲԽԽǿһ·ͽԴһֻûˣȫһЩĽϵԴޣŷղŻԼĸӦһֻԴ޵ıڹŷʵȻܶԸĽ׳ҵԴޣһԴޣֻķˡ
ȼϵĲͷǳ޴ˣȽϵĲ࣬ɲǼ켶似ͿԲġٶȷĻԴ޵ȷ޷ԼȣԼսȷ棬ԼȴҲϲϡ
ԴֻһԼͻֶϽŵġ㲻ûֱӶŷɲɵȥԴ޶Կ
ԱԼȼԴޣƾͿѹԼʵۿۣǾ͸Ҫ˵ʲô֮ɱˡΪ
Ӧò˰ɣ
ٴдһ󣬹ŷڵıҲʼ½ˣɫҲȫİʱ䣬ӦѾǰҹʱˡ
ʵڹŷѾԽ뵽ҩռ֮ˣֻҪһȥ˵ǣʮ׸ҲҵԼԸ⵱ͷڹ꣬һΣվҩռܣ˵ʵˣⱲӶ޷ٽס
ֻ¸ҵԣκΣգܹһһ̤۷塣
ٶ룬ŷҩռó˼ʳֱӾ͵ضʼ˶
Щǹŷûµʱõģҩռֲʣ˻֮⣬Ҳûʲô⡣
ڳ꣬˶ӣŷ׼˯ʱһϤϤ㴫˹ϸһʱɫ䡣
Ȼܵˣôûз֣
ŷôҲ벻ͨôӽԼģʱ룬ʩչȥ
ǸҵˣСӣܣ
һ𣬴ӹŷŷﻹʱȥᣬȫУٶһܳȥ˼ʮԶ
׷ҾͲˣһ׵Сһеؼӵùǵģ
ʱȺ߸ʩ似ӿʮͬһȺҰһ㣬ŷ׷˹ȥ
ߣߣ
ŷıʱʧɫ׷ɱԼȺֻһʵĸְˣû뵽Ȼô࣬һһߡ
𾪶μұͬʱΪԼһܲӵõˡ
ЩһЩ׸ֵĻûʲôĵģƾԼٶܹܵõߣԼ׶Σ
ŷв˿ңԼ޷
뵽ŷٶȸӿڣֻƴˡ
ಡ
ܵĹŷ壬Ȼо˱һǿҵΣУҲ룬ԱһΪյĶһٶҲһ£ͣһСᣬԽԽԶľ룬Ҳʼӽˡ
ٴȫչŷ˼ǿԼ侲־棬侲ԵĻǾֻ·һˡ
ಡ
˹ŷβûлţĿ侲ӦȻһ̤ԼǰɣӼȻһԽ֧Ҳڴʱ䵽ֻꡯ֧һ붼ûڣβҲҡҡλΡ
֧ܿŷ弴̲ͣһͱȥ˼ʮԶ
ʲô
ŷͬӼһ֧Ⱥ߲ĿɿڴĿг˾Լš
ȺһۣӶԷпһ˿ɬĻ϶ҪǱжǱ޷һɵĶ
⵽ʲôˣѵĳĵ𣿡
߼ѵ̿ˮһ׷һתͷʵ
ղҲŵˣȻļ似ֻеȵģԼҲڵĸְ׸Ȼһ׳ڵ߶㿪ˣ˵ȥû˻š
Ǹеؼ켶ҲԲܣǵȽ׵ѹƣ似ܹġ
ǣҸոչ۲һˣʹõЩȫһôʹﵽ׵Ϊ϶żҲܲʶ
ôҲղŵ龰޵ˣϾ׳ߣܿع˵Ͻ׷׷֮ȲҪɱҪ֪Ƕμңǻûеؼϵ似ġ
һЦ˵
ٺ٣ؼܹ׽ȥ׳ǱؼĻͲ¼ˣ
ԣֵǼӽ׷ˣΪ˵ؼ
尡ؼ
Щ˵˵ؼҲǧ
𹥻似似ԻãԼҲֻеȵѣؼ붼룡
ڵؼ似Լ͵ļ£˲䣬Ⱥٶȴǣ׹Ҳ̧˹Źŷһ˹ȥ
ǰĹŷҲоͻȻٶȣȴ˿ţôҲãٶҲڱĴ߶£似˵ǵһʩչ˼ޣֻһС˦һٶԶ
ಣ
һ֧˹ιŷȴûж㿪ôïܵĴУһôԶ䵽ĻǾ˹ˣ
Ȼ֧ͻûʮԶ㱻һô
ŷо˱ɹ˹ǣȥȻǲеģԼı޷ȵùǣȻҪùңҾù棡
ŷбڼϵľͻȻ͵һԱߵɣٱܵ͵һŤתҲһԾһ֧Ѹٱ˳׼һȻ͵һ̤һɣӻת˹ܣ˿ȥ֧
ಡ
켶似ô似Աȵģڹŷֻ׳ڵΪȻҪ׹죬ꡣ
Ȼ˽ӽһ׵ľ룬мľסˣ֧ƺͲЩӰ죬Сķ϶֮䴩󣬷·𾭹ȷļһ㣬תۼ㵽һĽǰ
Сģ
Ͼߣŷոһ֧ӦˣæԼ׼֧Ҫ䴩ͷ­һ£֧˲䱻նΡ
ߣҲ类ɵһ㣬ֱ㶵վԭأ֧ϳص


47 վ
Ÿʲô׷
߼Ȼɵ㶵վԭأջĴһתǱ׷˹ȥ
ȴСˣûΪŷֻ׳߶ɡոһ¡
Ȼ֧Լնˣ̺ȴĻ΢΢Щ飬һҪ֪ߣ
һ׳ֻ߽һ֧һ׳ߵĻЩ飬ҴĻߵĽ߿Ҫˡ
߱һȸеûعոһĻ亹žž
˸ղŵǾһĻе߶ٴˣæɫ裬׷ȥ
ղһǵؼ似ֻеؼ似ܹƣ
׷;Уֳ
߶û˵ǵ˵ͷղһĻǿǿ˵ؼ似켶似ûĸ似
Сӵȷǻĳ޷һǴӵܹͬʱӵֵؼ似
˵ͷβס̰˵ЩǶμҵˣ
ٺ١
Щûٽӻһٶȴܺõ˵ˣؼ似õûлɱүǼ£СҲԻˣ
ŷһ֮ûټ֪׸һ׸ڣҲܹ˵˭ܾٶȶܼ١
ֻеµ΢иһ㣬ٿûлܹɱһˡ
ڵıѾӽݽˣҺûڵıȵĽ׳ڵߣͨߵĻڵıѾɿˡ
ȥԲǰ취ŷڽٵıн֣Ҳ޿κΡ
ӻĴпʼǵһθоôģǰڶЩԴɱʱûָоŷڵ˫йâ˸ȥ޷ӵõȻˣǾһɣ
ŷһ̣ԼľˣԻ·һӭеĻӲӵõҿ϶ţԿԸ̵ӡ
뵽ŷҲͲˣվԭأľ˫ۣŬĻָĵı
ŷڵıҪͬȼ߶࣬һָҲǼǿ߷գ߻رʱԼͻʱһͱӴıɶˣľǱͬǿ󼸱ıǿĻָ
תۼ䣬ЩߵӰ˹ŷǰŷ͵һۣҲǣֱͬʱ֧Ͼ䡣֧ͬʱѾǹŷļˣһ֧ۿۡ
ಣಣಣಣಣ
֧̺˲ŷ˿֧ͣκδϢĻᡣ
Сģ
Ⱥ߿ŷվԭˣΪڵıĴˣжɴΪϲȴû뵽ӭȴʮ֧Ƕȵ꣬޴ļʸ
ʱЩϵĸ⣬ЩĽ׸ͳͳɫͣӣĵĶ㣬òǱ
Щϵĸ֣Ȼ⼸֧첻ɶвҲǵĲͣƬ̣ҲһƬ̣ӭµһ
Ⱥܹʮ˸ˣÿ֧ȴչ˲еˣκιŷٶ̫ˣһֽһ֣мûκͣ͹ˣе߶չ˵ˡ
ر׸ŷк࣬ʹǿǿʵҲ޷ȫӳ
Щ߱ϾĽ߿ԱȵģЩĽ߻ƴֵһ֧֧ЩȴǿһǰһߵֵģŷľҲ˲١
رǸÿһ֧ܹݶ㿪ȴȻеޱȷŭһȺߣûһȼǵڹŷģû뵽ʱȴŷôѹƣĲˬ

ͻȻҽдĶ䣬Ͻͷһеŭڱ˳
ֻĽȫ˵ϣһͷһؿһ󶴣Ѿȫȥˡ
ٿĽߣΪΣգһĽߵձˣҺÿ죬ȻָԴ
Сӣڵˣ
бŭ𣬻Ӵıһ𣬹ŷȻͱɱ÷飬ŭһ𵶣ֱŷ塣
ŷԽΣյʱ򣬾ҪԽ侲һŷ弱æľ˼ϣ˲˫ۿһҪԼͷˣŷܹо硣
ʱŷȻԱһе˫˲仯ݺݵĻǸؿڡ
ôõģһǼ͵һùŷȥһȻת䷽򣬺һŷûзӦʱ䣬ؿھͱһˣѪɣŷҲƺһ
СӣӲСȻɱǶμҶү
˵˹ŷ壬ûмǰվԭ˵
ڻҰ⣬㲻ɱ˱Ҳɱ㣬ûʹŷɱκͶԭ
ŷĨĨѪؿڴ̹ǵʹһʹȥæӻͳһƿҩҺ棬ʱһˬĸоɢȫѪҲֹסˡ
Ҳɱѵɱң
ѪѾֹסˣٲѪŷս棬ԼΧֹԼܵλߣʵ
ߣСӣͷ˻Ӳ
Цһ˵似Լ似ȫһΣ
⡭
ŷװЩ⶯ȴƴȱʧıҪģʱ䣬ԼıָһЩпܵļҲһ㡣
ʵô߽ΧţЩ߸ûһȼԼģܵļʿ˵ûС
ŷղŹ۲һ£ΧԼʮߵУһĽߵĸ첲Լһ̴ˣʵؽۿۣǸλͻƵĻôһĿܵġ
٣ҪһֱʩչܵĿҪһ㡣
ңղܵʱͷ֣һֻһ׳ڵԴһֱԼĺ棬ɻ
˵һףǶԴޣȺȫĽߵĶͲҽӽһӽͿ϶ᱻɱˡ
ֻֻһ׳ڵԴȴһֱŵģ˵ֻԴ޿϶⣬ʲôŷȴһֱ벻ס
ֱղһֻ߰Դ֪ԭЩ˷Լ֣һֱЩ˿Խ׷ԼԭһֻӦ
ˡԴ޽ܡĹŷ嵱Ȼ֪Ӧãֻûûװˡ
ŷз˫ۣ۾һǸŸӦĽ׸֣ĿŵôֻӦɵ
ôûУֻҪ㽻ǶμҾ;Ʋ׷ɱүˣ
ʵҲо˹ŷڻָȴûô⡣
һ׳ڵߣָٶж죿
Ǿָ˱ԼôվԼҲվԱߣܵǾ˹ˣ
ڹŷ͵͵ָûע⡣


48 ն
С𣿲׷ˣ
һɱñ˭ɣŷЦȴǲɫȻװԥӡ
ߣˣʲôֱӰץסˣȻøּ̣ҾͲײ죡
ŷþûдӦһ̲ס
ŷתͷȥ˹ǣԭǸ䴩ֱ۵ĽߣʱüΪԹĿ⿴ԼȻڷŭԼŪֱۡ
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ǣǿ콻
׳ڵΪľ˿Ҳ̲סˡ
ؼ似һһǱȽϡе似ҪѧˣؽҲ˵ˣӵŮÿԴˣ
ϡ
ŷϴ޺Цݣװڻͣȴһһɫһɫ鼮С
죬øң
ŷó鼮ɫβס̰뼤ȴҶԼľٶùŷñ鼮ɷ飬Ǿûطȥˡ
ߣ˿Ҳļؼ似ԿԸıǵһ
ӵ似ǿμңӴһ޾ңûԸ£
ŷϹЦݣһһ߽۽ǵȴǷǸ䴩ֱ۵ϣһֱȴŻᡣ
ӽˣӽˣؼ似Źŷһһ߽ҲŹŷĽŲţͫŴֻûˮˡ
Ȼȫ似似ÿһȶԶοֱһ似

ŷԼѾָһıȴû¶ߵǰе似
ŷݹ飬۾Ź⣬Ȼ֪Ϊʲô˻泯£ϣ˿˼ȥôֻ࣬似õ֣Ȼ
֣ЩĽӹ似вһ֮ģǿϲ
߼ӹ似Ҳβסϲ˶е飬ûȥעһԵĹŷˣЩվڹŷ屳߻ԹŷЩ£ŲŲŲӲ鿴˹ȥ
ùȲľͰ泯µ鷭˹һ֣ȴסˡ
Դ޽ܡҩ
ʱͻȻоһΣӴӿʱдʧɫһãæе飬һ̤أˡҲˡ
ն
ŷ˶ûע⵽ԼˣǸʱҲ񣬾֪ˡ
߶ȫʹûùġ츫ϵľУն
һʹУŷоȫı·˲һ㣬ɫ԰ף棬϶ʱһǿıɢĻĺ⣬渫ɢ͵ĳż˵˹ȥ
һһ죬ҵθâ˲ָ;âȻΪһһɫһâͬһɲǼ㵽ǰ
һһ׳ȵĸâԼɫ˲ʱ԰ףâ̺ǿԼͬоԼС˵Ĳһ
â˲Լǰ弶Ҳ˲弶ףҲΪâС࣬ҲӲġ
ǧһ֮ʣ͵ȫ·һһ㣬ǰȻ顣
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һ죬ֻѪɣҶ̺ضײϣֵ˵ϣſҶϣһ֪ǿҪ˺ϱĴƤȴ˼һ顣
˶ͻȻıʸɵۣŷѰľһᣬ𹭼׼ǸһĽĸӦ˹ȥǸŸӦߴ˿̻񣬾ͱ⼸ǶеĸӦҲĶ塣
⼸֮󣬹ŷ߶ֻʣһıǸϱ۵Ľ߳˹ȥ
Ľߣŷɷһ㣬Ȼ־Աһ˲˿ԿͷҲóȫ˹ŷ壬һŷӰʧïܵĴ֮С
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Ҫܰһ˳һһ弶һ弶ףһߵĻ֮ûѾˡ
ٵȣ߼æӻͳ˼ƿҩҲľ࣬ϵ
ҲܼЧ޵ϢѾ¶˶͵һеĴʯҲ֮¡
â벻ȻܹͷųâǿǸ߼ߣ߽ϵ߲ſͷŵİѵһֱڶǣʵһΪ߽ߣ
ʱûΣգһղŵĳ๼˵
ӦòǣӦǸ似ľУȻͷųâһҿ߽ͷŹâͲǸղŵǵâԱģһ׸ֺһ˵
Ȼ߽ߣǣǻ׷׷
ʼ˵ʵˣȻǶʵġ
˰ɣ㿴ߵʱѸӦɱˣǸҲˡң֪ܲʩչ־УʩչĻ˭ӵס
Ȼ߽ߣҲ޽ӽˡǿ൱ڸ߼ߵһ
һ߿ЦҡҡͷָָȥĸӦԼ˳ȥĽߣȻǲ޳ɡ
ȥǲܻȥģһ׳ڵߣôˣôˣ˵ȥöЦ˵ĳͷͲܹܵ˵ġ
ʼ˵һ˵ĳͷͽסĴ˸вη֮ɫ
ȰѴҽٿôŰɡ
ӿЦ˵ͷȻʱֻôˡ
ŷʱһôﱾһֻһԴ޵סһɢƣֻԴޱŵܵˡҲͱռˡ
˿̹ŷоԼָѾȫ޷ˣղȻ˵ʩչǾ춯صһУʹ˵أ֪ԼҲܡ
ȵıԼԵ͵ʽȫ·˽һ㣬ûһ˿
ʱҲǿһֵܹģͱЩŭҵˡ


49 ֮
ŷһСᣬҲ΢ָһ㡣
Ŭĳӣϥؿ˺Ѱʹȴһ죬ǸղʩչնĽѪ˵˿ڣǹǿٴ˿Ѫֱֹ
ŷԴЩκˣæͳһƿҩҺ㵹ȥЧϾͼѪֹ
ҺԼҩʦ
ѾֹסѪۿɼٶ»ָ˿ڣŷ岻һЦ֮ȫЦЩۣɶ˶񣬱˫ۣʼ˱
еıڹŷǿľٻ£ٻ۶һŷƽʱ
ŷ巢֣ԼȻգþ˺üͻƵĹŷʱףԼͻˡ
ȻǾĥ£ǻԵܹԼŷű֮ǰǿ˲ֹһи̾
ʵμȺ߶սʱλܹ뵽ҩռ֮ڣûУҪʱܻѹĥԼΪҪ׷Ѱ۷塣
ŷӵõеһ𣬾־Ҫվ۷壬ԷҲֻвϵĥ£ĥ£ĥ£ܹʵԼ롣
ǸնȻԵû뵽ȻܹâһУڿѾˡ
ŷһձһ߰ҵ
츫ʼʹûʩչնոҲǹעһȫѹ˷ն档²⣬켶似ľУӦǿ԰Լġ
û뵽ǣԼˣһһߣֱڣΪղԼͷųһжֹ
һ죬Ϊһ߽ߵģŷǳ˫Ǽᶨ֮ɫٶ룬˫ۣȫĵĿʼָ˱
ڱȫ֮󣬹ŷվȺڵķĿ̺űɱ⣬һǸط˹ȥ
ȻҪɱԼǾҪñɱ׼ŷѾڵΪˣټǸˣԼҪܵĻЩ˸סԼˡ
ңסԼԼķնɲǳصģ
ŷ年˹ǣֻҪԼڱ㹻Լܵ˵Ļնǿͷŵġ
ԹŷڵΪڵı㹻֧ʹηնˣһһʣıܡ
Ҫ֪ڵıѾޱƽĽĩڵıˣ
ȻôǿӲɱ֧ţǻʲô
ˣЩ𣿡
ʱμҵȺ߰Χм䣬Ŀ˫ۣæʵ
Щˡ
ΧˣЩ˵뵽ʲôĿдһη壬ִһŭҧгݵʵǸ˵ץûУҪʬΣ
⡭
һĻ¶㿴ңҿ㣬һش
һǵı飬Ŀܻףⶼ׵ĻͰ׻˼ˡ
ǣǼȻ
˦һߵ֣ţʵ
ѵ֪һôǿľʹóеıЩǿľͷų󻹻ᷴʩչеˣǣǼȻˣ
ǲ˵еŭڶ𣬴
󣬴ˣǣҲ֪ǻǵһ־еģһое似ǵؼϵģл֪Щ
ִǼ֮һߣίĽ͵
˵ˣϽȥ׷һؼ似ĴвһΣЩĵؼʩչһҪüܹʹãǲľˣ
ĽͣҲ˵ĵȷ˼ƽеŭԸ
ؼ似ȷƵģһڲͬʱʩչüΡŷȴ켶似
켶似ľֻҪ㱾㹻ܵסǾʩչٴζû⣡켶似ؼ似
ЩҪ֪켶似ֻЩܹӵУǶμңҲֻһؼȵĽ似ѡ
켶似ŷٺãҲӵ켶似ˣû켶似롣
ǣϾȥץ
һ⻰Щ߶ʱˣֻҪŷ޷ʩչˣǾͲˡ
ȵȣ
׼ѭŹŷһ·µѪȥѰҵʱͻȻסǣüͷ֪ڸӦʲô
ߣС˵ӻ󣬼ȻԼܹˣȥץҪúõĥĥ
Ӧһº󣬷ǹɱϤʱ֪ǹŷıû뵽ŷ岻ӣȻٳǰŭɶ
һȺˣȻһŪǱҪ˵ȥԺûټˡ
ʲô
ĻЩҲŭˡ
ԴǳΪ֮󣬻ûôȻǲ֪ŷƾʲôҳǰŭѾ벻ôˣͲкһͬǱһָķɱȥ
ʵҲ˵ŷ޷ʩչ˲ŸҳȥģҲȥӲ޴ľС
ʱŷҲԼɱһȺߣɫȻȴԼһ˿˷֮ɫ˫ȴȺߵĵ
ȴԭأҩ棬Ҳ˵ô̵ʱھͻָƣֻҪŷ廹ûʲôǵġ
̶һ˲Ⱥ߾ͳ嵽˽ǰŷܿŭԼ޾̰һ̣ŷ嶯ˡ
ԵǼǰߣŷʱһͻǵĹ
ŷһ˫ת䣬ֻҪӽΧ׷ΧڣĽߣ׸֣мܲס˿͵Ĺƣ
˿̵ͺһֻ͵ʨ׷Χڷ·һ㣬άԼء
츫ľ裬˿ڹŷоţҲڴ˿̣ŷף츫ġ졯ֵ塣
ֻҪҵҾߣǾϵĵˡǣ
ৣৣৣ
ŷĽӦϲޱڵѾ뵽һַǳľ״̬
һйϬԵһδѸݶݣȻоǼ˵С·ֻҪܹɱǡ
ŷ岻֪ǣһ뵽״̬֮кԶۿȴѾǿĿɿڴˡ
֮򣡼Ȼ߹֮ѵ˿ڿˮǲš
һΪļ
֮֮򣬵֮֮
ϴιŷڶ΢һΣͼĶ񣬻֮
͹ĶҲǿģЩһӶܹһλ֮Ǿ͸ӱ˵߹֮ˡ


50 ʵ
Կ϶ǣÿζ򣬶ʵ֮򣬾Ϳٵʵˣ֮أ
֪
Ϊ֮ڻҰ½ǧ궼ܹһΣҰ½жˣ
û˼Ҳ㲻ɴ˿ɼҪһ֮Ƕôˡ
죬֮򣡣
˼䣬ֻŷɱһĽߣŷȴڲţʵҲȻʱͻƵĽڣ˿ûͣ˼ڲš
ٴĿһ۳ڶ֮еĹŷ󣬼Ȼæתȥ
׳ڵĹŷԶԸˣοѾֱʾĽڵΪʵǷٵķţ֪û˵ԼǰȥҲһˣ˵ԼѾˣսȲЩĽ׸ˡ
ԼȹŷЩȫɱˣԼˡ
һ㶼սжĹŷ᲻лɱȺߵʵ֮򡭡߹Ķǧ궼ôһܹ츳ˣɱȺ߸ͲΪ棡
ҪϽصμңһж߼üᣡ
룬Ӧû᲻һеɣ
֮򰡣ȥģЩ֮ˣһվ۷壿μҡ
뵽µĲӿˣؿڵΪٵıҲѿˣעЩֻٿܣȻ
ɱһȺˣҲڹŷͷͬʱ£˲նɱߺڱ˵
ֻʣһĽԼߵսŷҲĴľлعһԼڵıɴϲĽĩ۷壡
ֻһͻƵˣ
ŷ˫ȫһӴ쳤Хйһеܡ
ʱŷַ似ҲͬѸͣ似ƺ֮ǰӰԵķҲһףԱ֤µߣ뵽Լڣ
ˣŷоԼ似ҲƺѾͻƵ˱䣬˱һȼڻ֪
ٶ룬ŷһƿճХ߶ͬ籩ת˲ͳ嵽ܵһֱֱ¡
ۡ
ͷ­ѪһߣӴȥ

һĲҽУĽϣİ׵ȫ˳ûȥγ˰صϰڼѵţŤʹֽвֻŴͣĿŹŷ塣
ŷûȥһ͵ߵԡ
󣬴ˣģ
ĸͷһëȻĲҽУٵŷ嵲ǰĮĿľ˲䱼ˣڵϣһѱһĿġ
ŷû˶磬ǿʳ
ԼͻȻԼֻһͨߣܣڵڵϵľԼˡ
ˣɫͷ߾־У
ɱߺ󣬹ŷǸǱ߿˹ȥȴûӰŷ岻ȥ׷صμңټɱԼãԼĥʯ
ȡߵı󣬹ŷ׹ߣеļȡб˼ϡ
ľֻѾ޷ԼҪˣԼеļԼļҲͬѾ޷Լȥĸжƹˡ
Ȼ޷ȫӳԼʵڶԵ֮ʱҲ޷ռơ
ŷٴεĮĿһһصʬ壬תһѪȥ

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Ѿص˶μҵܵķǰ׼ţȴǰסˡ
磬ڣ㻹ɣ
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ǣԷֻһ׳ڵߣֻһˡ
˵Щû˿˼Ŀ̹Ȼ
ܹ֮˵£ͲˣԷֻһ׳ڵ߶ѡ
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Ҳǡˣӵġ
һ˿ɱˡ
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㣬˵죬죬֮򣿣
Ļ󣬶۾ǲŵĽͰʵ
Ҫ˵һǶĴһǲϲɫġ
Ҫ̫ˡ
֮򰡣ЩȥģֻҪ֮ģûһվ۷ġǶμܹȻЧҶμҵĻ
۷Ź⣬ƺѾ˶μҽĹǰ
ʱѾȫ˹ŷɱӵ飬Ůúܣһ࣬һ٣ֻҪμҲôƾõʮȫ⡣ŷμҽĻԻͣһӾ͸ˡ
²˳٣ڣ̣ȥٶԴϹңȻٽʮ߽׸һͬǰȥ
ϾǶμҼ𾪹ǼԸȥѾȥôˣټȥֻỨϺüʱ䣬ǸѾ˺ԶˣиӦҲһܹӦôԶľ롣
ԣֻٶǰȥпҵ
ſڵҶ˵ķԸһ£͸æȥ


51 ս
÷ǳԣ֪ػ³˵Ļһʹ㣡˵һ߽ʵҾͻѰ˳ϵλø㣡
ߺ󣬶ЦеĶ˵
ˣ˳ϣ
Ѿ֪ˣ˳ϵλð
Լڵ׳ڵʵƺ߽׻кԶ뵽еļƽһ㡣
ƺǿ룬ЦЦȷǳˣǼŵİɣȰǸ֮һᰲǿʵҩģ߽ףҪ˶á
ллл
ļˣû뵽ȻôŵԼæȭͷĵһṼ˼ҵ࣬ضȫȫЧҶμңѣ
ããã
ĻĴЦ˼ļк⡣
ʱԶҲ˽Ų̧ۿȥһȲʮ˿첽˹϶ɻ󣬲֪ô˻ôæʲô

Ľǰ񵽡
ţǰʯĵصСյأԴһˣ֧˵ıȥļʱĻӦǿҵ˵ġ
Ը
һ㶣ЩǰȥһСյһˣǿһ˽ʮ߽߰ѵǸǾŽ׶֣
ˡֱԣǸǾŽ׸ֻҩʦ
ɻʵ
ûʱˣֻ˵ǸǸ֮ˡ
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סҪȫ粻򲻵ѣҪ֡ʵǲĻ
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֮򣬶˵Ǵ˵һ㣬ܹ֮ߣǶǶμҽĺô޷ġ
ˣǺ֮ǰЩСڣʱǵú˵˳ǶμҵĻ֮ǰЩھһʹˣ²˳٣Ͻ·ɣ
˵󣬱ǻ˻֣ǸϽ·
ʵҲûеףôЩˣ֪Ӧܲҵõֻпˡ

Щߺ󣬶ٺһЦתطŶҪ˯˵Ůˣ۷Ź˵Ȼ֪Ϣ鼫ΪĲ
ŶˣŮ˵һ䣬ɫ
վдĶ̿ˮƺҹ̫Ѱˡ

ԴУһһװ˶Ľ׳վһжʮ׳ˮͰϸǰʯϲ˷Լ
˾ǹŷ壬ֳ˫׷
ΪһĩڵԴޣͬʱҲԴе졣
Ȼ˵ֲȴ
Դһ޶ģȴž޴Լ͵Ƥ׵ĵһ˺ϱĴƤ͵þȥҲ˿
ЩǹŷӡԴ޽ܡϿģҲ֪ȷ
ֱӣɺӸӦŹŷϵԼԴȷŷλãҲоǿ󣬲ΪԴеߣάԼϡ
ȻǹŷһԴޣŷȴû˿η塣ʵıʮ㣡
ôҲû뵽ԼȻͻȻ֮ǹŷǰ붼ûġ֮ҲûԼһ֮֮򣬾ǻҰ½ϵĳţʮ涼֪᲻һɼ֮͡
ô˵ҹŷҲǳһ˿ŷ΢΢
ʵҲΪ֮ǰһҩһʣʱʾͱȵϹˡ
ʱ볬Ż֪Զͻʱһʣȴ˳ŵС
ͻʱǴ壬ԱȵʮҩЧң˵һֻܷһҩõٶ࣬ҲЧ
ˣŷܴʼΪƽӹһֱڵĳţҲǿˡ
ԤʾŴرͻߵǴβһģǹŷʣ
ҩ츳ʣ۷֮·Ӵ˶ŷѾȫӵʶ۷ʸһ˵ʸ

뵽ŷкƺǰľѾû˿սԣһһֱŹŷ幥
˻˻
ҲŷΪŭˣΪԴֵߣϲƣҲͬʱӭ˳Ĺŷ塣
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־ˣӿϢѹƵͷӲʵʵϢѹƵֻܷӳ׳ڵˮ׼ŷ屾Ľĩڣ似ֻǼУ㿳Ƥϣ˼ɼǵ˺ۡ
Ͱŷ½ǡ
˻˻˻˻
ҪˣʲôϣʲôԴߣͳͳˣʱֻ뱣סԼһ
Ѿǻ۵ɫг־壬Ӷˣͷֱһתȥ
ŷһ̣ڶʱԴƽܣҲǸŮ˵Ĺˣ벻ֻʱ䣬ԼҲܹȵСյԴܣңҪǻƽʵһȽף
ٶ룬ŷܵķ׷˹ȥ
޴ƤͣٶҲǼ졣һͬ߸׷ӵ켶似Ĺŷ塣
ֻǼŷ׷Ҳ֪Լ޷ӵˣֻƴһսˡ
˦ȴϸβŹŷķһ£ŷһŤ˹ȥβԱߵһôϣֻءһǿôβ򵽵Ĳλ˲顣
ŷ忴˲䱻ҵ÷Ĵգգ˫ۣȷʵ͡ԼϣԼ඼Ҫ顣
ҲŷҲ˲һһаԵ͵ĸ£ʱһ˺ۡ
˻˻˻˻˻˻
ʹͣڶоʹ֮ɫҲ׵ļŭҲ˺ۣĴ߶ȫŷ幥ȥ
úã
ŷһЦʩչ似Ҳӭȥ
󿪴ϣ˫ʽſ籩似û˿м֮һ֮ڳܲסô͵Ĺĵȥ
ŷ塮ĴȻһսɣô˵ҲĩڵԴޣеľҲֻԼ֪ҺãԼɵˡ
ڵԴҲ룬ŷҩռڣ߻ǱƤɷߣѪԵҩơ⣬ҲӦ쳣
һ۵©֮󣬹ŷź˫ǰ


52 ͹Ļ
ڸղĴս֮Уŷ̵ĸоĲԼղʹõ߼ĻֱӼȥܽ
Щŷջʵŷǰֱ֮Ľĩڵ۷壬ֻһͿͻƵˡ
ղĶսʹùŷоԼڵʵƺ־һ㣬ʵֻôһˣֻҪһ㣬ܹͻƵˡ
ˣˣˮɣͻƵʱԼͻͻƣҲûáŷ˦˦ͷЩ˼׳Ժӿٶȣ򶫷ǰ
ϣӦѾ޷ӦˣѾûֵˡ
ȫ·ֻ·ĶμҴһУ˿ѾԴֵУһԴ֣һóĹøӦţӦȴ˿ûзӳ˵˹ŷѾһٹˡ
ϳһСᣬ˵ߣһξøӦӦһΣʵڲеĻٻȥ
ǣ
ӦǣڴϵĴ£˼ȥ


ˣȥɡԴǶܱˣӰûѾ߳Դ֡
ٴøӦӦһ¸ûӳ󣬴ϲʧҡҡͷ˵
ϣ߳Դ֣ҲԼ׷ѽ
һ߽ɻ˵
֪ȥĸϷǶ
üȵȥĸ򶼲֪Ϲңҵȥ
⡭
߲˼Դ˵ˡĿУȴβסʧ
ȥɡ
̾Ϣһ󣬾תμȥ



ϴһȺ˻صμҺֱ˴ڴĶ
ЩһֱһܣһֱڵȴŴϵ˵Ϣһæ²豭ʵôأ
ǰǸСյضܱˣҲûӰ
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Ľʵ׼ǲЩʧ
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ڴϵ˵ĵڶ죬ͰѹŷòμˣֻҪ˹ŷ壬Ǳ֪ڣҲʱֻ취ˡ
ȴߺ󣬶üͷ
ʵôŰѹŷץȻЧҶμңõ⣬ǳڹŷĵġ
ϴβһͰѹŷɱˣɲΪŷڶμûгһɳǶμҿɾͽٴѡ
ܹμҵȻãĻһǾֻɱˡ
ΪμҼĺǼҳ㷹Ȼ޷õǾֻжɱڳɳҡСǲμһеġ
뵽˲豭ʼ衣вֵĹâȴʾĵĲ֪Ѱ˼ʲô
·ϴɱɱһº󣬹ŷһΪǧǡĳǳأǳغܴ󣬴СȻƳǲùŷССľһ
ѵĳҵ׳ǣ
ŷվڳſڣϽȺɻ
ŷСڹżҳҲ⼸Ĺżң⼸ȫĥԼˣڻҰ½ϸһ·ä
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ŷͳһöɫԴҵݸ֮󣬾ֱӷˡ
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ֱһùݣ㿪һ䷿󣬹ŷ뷿ڣ裬Ų裬Ҳڷ
ڻҰʱ򣬹ŷһֱСŶμǰˣ϶Ľס׵ˡ
ٶϣ˵а˽׸ɱԼĻԼӵзնɱУҲˡ
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򣬵˫ͱ붨ˡôˣŷ廹ûøߣ˵˫ˡ
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ȻŷܵһʣǧǵȼߵĶʦҲֻ弶ֻȥĳпһˡ
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ߴ󳬼λӻҰ½вΪ
ɣѾ̾ڻҰ½ϺüǧˣһѾʷۺ̣Ĵ۹Աġ
ǿֱԼһǱɽ챤ǣռҡ
˵Ĵ۹ƹҰ½ƹĴ۹֪⼸Ƕôǿǿˡ
ţ֪ˡ
ŷ˵ͷ˼֮󣬱˵С
۹׳ڣ϶и߼ҩʦȥǲС
ŷ룬ˣ͹ȥǧֱͨǵĴ͹ĻȻ۸ףԼ˵Ͳʲôˡ
͹ĻһҪһ߽߻ʮ˽߻һŽߣӴıһֿ˲䴫ǧ֮Ķݴ͵ľ벻ͬշѱ׼Ҳͬ
͹ĻҪԼԴṩ͵ҪһԴ͹Ļʹ÷ѡ
ΣŷҪǧǴ͵ǵĻҪԴҪʮ꣬͹Ļʹ÷ѣҲҪһ꣬ˣ⴫͹ĻҲͶž˾󲿷ߵĲҪȥֻпԼ˫߹ȥˡ
극ŷҲǸùˣֱ͹Ļ˹ȥ
˵ʵŷ廹ûп͹ĻǸʲôӣǾ͸ӱ˵ˣһͺһӰ㣬ҿģоǺ֮ɫ


53 
⴫͹ĻֻһŰСҲͬʱͨˡ
⴫͹ĻĹĻͺһƬˮ棬һȻ΢ŷȴ֪һƬˮĹĻʵ߽ߵıֻⱾķʹûκεƻˡ
߽µߣǾ޷Ա͹Ļġ
Ϊ߽ڵı壬ֻ߽ϵߣڵıŻתΪҺ̬ˣ͹Ļֻ߽ϵ߲ܹ
ãҪ͵ǡ
ŷĹ۲һС֮󣬱תͷػڴ͹ĻԵЦ˵
ţһԴң͵ԼҪʮԴ
ڴ͹ĻԱߵ˵
á
ŷ˵ͷҲϻһöɫԴҸǣȻԼַԱߵСԲȦ׼Դ
ʱŷȻо˼ɱһǼٳģüͷѵǶμ׷ɱԼˣ
ѽ⼸ɱǿһҲ׳ڡ
ţԣ
ŷĿһȺΨһһûɢˣ˵ʵŷ²⣬ӦĽڡ
ڹŷ嶫֮ʣȺѾĽǰһȺˣһˣ˶ΨһûɢΪϾֺ֮ɫǸˣȴһֱһ΢Ц˺׾ͶøС
һԵĹŷ壬ȴܹ۹пһ˿԰
ǰǸСӣϽ
˸˶ŸԵԴ󲿷ֶһ׵ģֻǸͷˣĲһֻĩڵԴޡ
ʱѾ˴͹Ļǰߣһ˶Źŷһ֣ɫӰķб˱ǿ׳죬ָŹŷ
ŷüͷû˵ʲôÿһ㡣ȹǣԼȻ͵Ȼᣬûʲôν
ԽãЩ˾Խ𾢡
Ϊͷ˵ǰ޷̧ͷȺ˾ڹŷҵһȵţȫ¶ЦĿŹŷ壬еﲻԶ
ŷȴһȻ˿ûΪЩСèСĳЦ͵ڿСˣûҪΪ⼸˶鷳
Ȼŷ岻鷳ûҪ鷳ǲԸȥǵģϾԼֻǹ¼ҹһʵҲĽĩڣȻشģԸÿ춼ڱ׷ɱжȹҿڴ͹ĻԱߵȺ˹Цģ֪Щ˱ıˡ
磬һжǿʵ˵˵˵Ƕμһ˽ߣԼ֮أٿ⼸ˣ⿴µǱûжμǿ󣬵϶Ҳ١
ˣԼʵûгɳ֮ǰЩ鷳ĺá
۸ԼͷˣǾͲÿˡ
һľһ𣬹ŷ岻Ĺ֮䣬ȲԼʵȤȻк죿
Ⱥ˼ŷڳЦȻһĵȻ֮ɫ˿Ϊ֮Ҳûʲô˼ˣǰ͹ĻԴ֮󣬾һһʧԭء
ߺ󣬹ŷҲٶԴҲͬʧΪԴ֧֣âĹĻ֮С
Ϊ۹׳ǣǵԼ̶ȣѾƳǧǰٱ
ġ洦ɼͺñƳڵһһƽֵߵĵ̸һһݻùŷĿϾӡ
ʲôԴʲôĽԴùŷоͺ˻Ұ֮һ㣬Щһ׶׵ԴùŷоȺԴ޵һϵԴǻûһֻ
ҲܹԴ޵ߣʵ϶߽ףȻҲЩרΪӵץ߽Դ޸ǣǱϾǼŷûпҲ
ǲҲҪֻԴأŷĽĿһԴޱϵߣ
˵⶯Ǽٵģͽ׵Դŷ廹ĿϣҪ㣬͸׵Դޣ
ˣˣʵȻӵˡڣȿ䣬Ȼȥ̶ɡ
ŷҡҡͷٶ룬۾һɨͿһҹģùݣ漴˹ȥ
ùװ޵úǺȹŷǧǾסǸùݲ֪ߵȥˣȻ۸ҲҪϺü
һǮһֻڹŷ忴ס󣬲ĵ˵ͷ
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ˣ֪Ƿ⣿
һһֱܵĵСʵ
ţɡ
ŷĵ˵ͷȻͳһöɫԴң͵ݸ
ǣˣЪϢʲôֱǸԱߵӺҾˡ
СӹԴңָŷſڵӣ˳ȥ
ŷһЦһҪʮԴңҲ
ţŷչһ˫ۣѵ߽ϴԡ䣬ˮӣľͰԱߵԲо͡衯Ŀʼˮˡ
ˮҪһŷߵԣһһСҶͳС
ȵÿ湻ģֻһˡ
ŷ忴ʣҶεﵽ
ӵһγζ֮󣬹ŷһֱжӣȻ֮ǰҲ濴òҶȴûζãҲû
ʵζһ棬ŷϲģЧ
滺񾭣ͷԸҲֵԼôԭˡ
ݺ˲ľͰˮҲˣŷִҩռóһԪҩҩҺˮУȻһŵҩ֮󣬾ɽľͰУŲ裬裬ҩαȫ
ֻһ̣ŷȫ㱻һ棬ΧıҲӿ
ͻƣŷ循ϲķֻ֣һ֮ʵȻľԼҩĴ߶ͻˣӿŷæ˫ۣȫ
һ˿˿ӹŷϵÿһë룬ŷоԼѸٵţָоǳ
СʱԺ󣬹ŷֹͣձΪǽλͻƣŷֱӸо˱֮ǰҪǿ࣡ţԼͬʱʮͨ׸֣Ҳһ࣡
úõĸһ󣬹ŷ㴩·ùݷ˵㶫󣬾ǵȥ


54 
ǵ̺ܺңһ޴ĴģƸ߸ݶŷոһͿˡ
ʵǽֵҲм̣ŷ϶ûǼҹƵĴҲûнֵߵӣֱ˹ȥ
Ȼŷոһߵ̵ſڣͱ⻪̸סˣʵҲ˵̣ҵװꡯֻзߣһĶУ߼ϵĹŷ廹û
ֻ𣿡
ŷ߽٣ȻʮüѡŶŷֱӴӭ׼˵ĵԱ
ˣѾߵˣҪ߽׵ȥ߶ơ
Աһ㶣˵

ŷüͷҲԣ߼Ѿڸ߼ķˣ۸϶һ߿Գܵģŷ忴һ£˵ҲҪԴһǾ͸˵߼ˡҲֻл߶ƲС
Զ߼𣿡
ŷʵ
߼ֽ׶εԼѾ㹻ˡЩ߼Ժ˵ɡڵԼ
ԵĿԵģҪƵĻǾ
һŷĻԱЦ춼ϲ£ˡ
Ҫ֪߼ɲһ˿ģǵ꣬Ҳнʮûж߼ˡ
ŷҪƵĻǻõɣ˷ܵʮ˯ž
ţǰ·ɡ
ŷ΢΢һЦ˵
ǣ
ԱæӦһǰ·
Ϊ۹׳װ꣬Ǻģ˿ûΪŷ崩ƽӡ
Ϊע⵽ŷ忴Щʱû࿴ڶۣһǮߣ
Ա̬ҲӵĹ
ŷŵԱֱװĺԺȥոһԺӣƹƹҡô֮ľǻȵϢ
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ʦԱĺͣеĶ¾޴˲ĺˮ˹ŷ塣
ˣ֪Ҫʲô͵أ
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ڵмۣһ߼ҪһǧԴҪǧ꣬ټ϶ƵֹѵĻһǧһԴ
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ǧһꣿ
ŷüͷһ壬Ȼ֪߼ܹ󣬵û뵽ȻҪһǧԴһԼܹҲһǧԴָĶοҪһ߼Ĺ
ŷͷ˼ʦϽĶʦǻ˻֣ǰǴͻܳɵĻ׬ǮɱȵȥʮԱҲվһԣȴŹŷ
㿴ȸһǧһԴʮ֮ڣػһǧԴ
ŷһ֮ʵ
Կԣʮ죬ָҲӦÿˣʱֱӴǮȡˡ
ʦŷĻæͷ˵
ãһǧһԴպáʮ֮ٹ
ŷҲϻӻͳöɫԴңȻóöԴңģһڵԴԴԴϵĴ뵽öԴҵУһöԴұɢӨӨ⡣
İɴˣʮؿɣ
ʦ˷ܵĽӹ˹ŷݹʮһöɫԴҺŵ
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ˣָָһһԣһ𣿡
Դҷ˻֮󣬹ʦ˷ܵҲƽϾһ۹׳ǣҲǮˣ˺ܿ
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УھͿʼֶ죬ȥȲϢ
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ҲԱ˷ˡΪŷֻᶨһ߼ģû뵽ŷȻֱӶõɣ㹻ǵüˡ
ˣߡ
ԱѹŷſںЦ˵
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ŷǺһЦƽֻܱ֤±ĵԱʱ飬˵ͷ󣬾ùȥ
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ŷЦҡҡͷΪԼһǧԴͺǮˣû뵽ôԴȴֻһ߼ģΡ
ҺãԼҪЩͨǮ֪ҪٱһҩܹȵЩͨɱʮʮԴ׬Ǯˡ
صùݣŷڷһЩ˺󣬾ͻصԼķ䣬һʧԭء
ҩռ洦Ʈ˵ҩ㣬ŷһ˵ɡ
ٶ룬ŷֱӲժʮԪҩҩģ׼ʮȥ
ҩļ۸񣬹ŷ廹֪ġǵһǿʵҩƷȵҲʮһݣ׵ģҪȵһĸʮ꣬Ҳٰʮһס
ʮףհʮһ׼ĻǿɾǧԴˣ
ʵŷ۸񻹵ࡣ
Ҫ֪һƷǿʵҩҩЧȻȲƷģҲƷߵȵĵһҩﲻ٣Ʒߵȵĵһҩļ۸Ҳһݣ۸ǲᳬƷȵһҩһݣҲҪһݸߣ
Щŷ嶼֪ʱڷҩ
ҩĵȼԽߣɹļҲԽ͡ԹŷĳɹʣʮҲֻɹ˰˷ݡʱƣҩӣŷĳɹҲˣʮԱ֤ŷݾƳɹɹʣνǺš
󣬹ŷ忴Űһӵҩһ
һҩһһƿҲʮҩʼ˵ļҩģŷҲˡ
ڣҪ˵ջģǹŷҩȼͻơڣѾһƷеҩʦˣһƷеȵ۷״̬ҩ츳ܾҲȲˡ
һȽϴĲŷЩҩﶼĶ˽ȥȻһͳҩռ䡣
ùݴСз󣬹ŷҲֱͣǱ˹ȥ
һŷνУȷǺܴ󣬶ȵ˼ʯˣװݻŷƣеĽװΣ͵ҪǧԴŹ
ŷ̧ͷеʱȴһ㶡С
Уѵǽ鱳Ӫģ
ŷɻﵽ
ʱ䣬ùŷҪԼи򱦸ҩʦˣһ⡮ҡ֣ˡ
ҩʦǺǣƺһйûء
ŷ尵ЦЦ漴˻ͷٶ룬д˹ȥ


 ԡѪɳ
ȾѪһ߾޵ʬǣʼһ̤۷塣


55 
λˣڻûʼɡ
ŷո߽һĵԱ˹΢Ц˵
ǺǣҲģ۵ġ
ŷ΢΢һЦص
Ǵɡ
ԱҲһЦǰ·
еȷݻ˵ǵƱڻԻͣ洦ɼļƷҹǶǽϣ¶Ƕùŷһզࡣ
ٿߵװ棬һɲƴֵĸо˿뷨
ߣһûӣǹޣ˭㡣
һߵĵԱŹŷΣлʱʱ¶֮ɫбģϵЦҲࡣ
ҪеĹޣֱӾתˣȥܹŷӡ
ڹһСᣬһС棬һλˣʱŲ裬С
ʦλ˵ҪһЩ
ѹŷԱЦݵĶ˵ʱЦݣȴǷĵģһЩֺ֮⡣
ţСֵܣ֪ҪһЩʲôأ
˴ӦһŹŷʵ

ŷҲϻӻóһԪҩǰ
ţ
˱ģŷûкһŷóƿҩЩˡ

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ҲһԵĹŷԱæֱ壬ļ
ŷҲĵվһԣ֪ʦһʱ̿Լġ
бԹŷǱĵƯСԱ˿Ҳǵɴ˫ۣŷҲ˲١
һӺ˵Ķͷڳ˿˿գ̾һҩǣЩ˷ܣЩʧ̧ͷŹŷ˵ˣˡ޷϶ҩĵȼҪȥҵʦǰ֪˿ɷϢƬ̣
ŷóȼҩĳƺıˣСֵܱ˴ˡ
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ߺԱҲڵкŷ£ȥŷ裬ЦǾͱ˵һˡ
лл
ŷӹ˵ԱĲˮ΢Ц˵
ʵһ·ϣŷ嶼п˶ԼĲмҲû⣬ǣԼܹ׬϶Դ
Ҫ˵ԼҲƷеҩʦˣҩռڵҩҲ޷ԼˣڿҪһЩƷҩˡ
⽫ֻҪһԴңܵ˵ԴǾõĶ
һСᣬʦһһţ߱㿴ϵƿҩŹŷѺõЦЦ󣬾ȲӺҩͿʼ
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ǺǣʦȻǾḻļʦûһǿҩֽԪҩƷȡ
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ŷ岻𾪵ֱӰһҩǰϺ˵
һӣһӣ
ǼᶨܿľͻعҲ˵ʩչٶȣùæ˿һӰƿһ͡

˼˲ޱׯأѲİƿһһ˳ͬһ㣬СİڷϣǸڻعʦǰæҲֹˡ
ʦƯСԱһƿһƿϰŰƿǵģҲһһµš
ֵԴЩȥĺ䶯߶ٽе֪ȣʦϣһȻŲĹŷ壬оþòƽ
ǸƯԱŷĿ⣬ȴǳĹʡ

ʱúܿ죬һ߱Щƿںˣȴû֣ͣһƿʼһƿƿļ
ΪһļʦΪŷ˵ЩԪҩǣֻԼ˫ۡ
Ϊոռһ׵ԭЩʣľʮףֻһ¾Ϳȷˡ


56 ޼ṭ
ܿ죬߱Щҩȫˡ
ûдһԪҩ߿ŷĿ⣬˻ȡ
֪ҩʦĳ֮⣬һǾһóôҩġóͻϿųˡΪûĸôԼöˣôһóôأ
ˣֻһǾǣǰһֱƽ꣬һɢҩʦһһƷȵҩʦ
߲֪Լǵڼ滺еļˣŹŷ壬ȴִڴ˵Сѣһףȷͷ𣿡
ŷ˵ͷ˵ǵģڣҲֻǽ󡣵ȻǷˡ
ãȻСǣҲͲˡôҩҪȴֻܹĸǰ⼸ʱ䣬ҲЩ׼һԴңֻܹ߼
˷ܵ˵
ܲ˷ܡһװõѲ˵ҪĻΪд˵ûʲôøҪˡֻҪǮ
⵹ǿԣ֮𣿡
ŷƬ̣Ȼʵ
û⣡ʱӦ㹻Щﱸʽˡһ죬
ǺǣУǾ鷳ˡ
ŷǺһЦȻˣǵȻõˡ
鷳鷳Ҫ˵ΣմСĹ⣡
֣óһϽɫĿƬ˹ŷ˵СѣϽԱֻҪŴ˿ͿĴ
֪һ޼Ʒҩʦжôѵúϡ٣ȻŷԼϹȻҲȥƣֻҪˡ
˹ϵǶԽеİǼаġ
ŷЦŽӹ˵򱦸ҽĶǽҵĲҵĻԼӵнϽˣԼһͦԵġ
Сѣռ֣ƶˣ֪Сѹգ
ϼŷӹϽ֮΢Цʵ
Сӹŷ塣
ŷ˵
ǺãСѣھֿʼð죬ȡڣø֪Ա㵽ʱܹ߼ˡҲˡ
˵꣬Ȼ󽻴һԵʦúдŷĻ󣬾ͼææ˳ȥȻ¼ġ
ʵҪ˵еƶˣȹǲҪðģҪΪһƷҩ̫ˣ˵ȥԻǡ
رЩûƷҩʦƷҩʦȴûҩԻƴȫЩҩһף˵ͻһǿߣЩ˵ġ
Ҫ֪ƽʱ¶гϵǿʵҩֻҪһ֣ͱض˲ͱЩõϢ߸ߡ
ǣһƷƷĻ˵ϾôɢһƷƷҩʦģһ컹ôʮʮƿг
ƷľͲͬˣƷҩʦûмĿ˵Ƿëǣʮ춼ûһƿгƷҩڻҰ½ѾǸ߼ҩˣϵ߶ʹõġ͸˵׵ˣһ¶ûһƿ
˿һƷҩгϵĻô䶯ЧӦˡҲΪʲôΪƶ˵ļ϶ðԭˡ
ʦ֪ûиߵȼ
ϸߣŷ岻ʦ˵ʵ
ǺǣŴˣ֪Ҫʲôȼʲô͵أ
ʦûлشŷĻǷʵ
ţ߼ҵĹˡ
ŷش𵽡
û⣡ýһһ߼ĹԵĻھ͸Ŵô۸񣬻ǵðг֧
ʦҲûӦ
ŶǸãҪҵЩҩ꣬ΪͷϻûǮ֪ܲܰŹ
ŷһϲ²ôһУӦҲиߵȼģôһʣȻУôԴֻе֮ˡ
ûϵûϵǮǸţʱֱӾҩ۳ˡ
ҲȹŷӦʦֱӶվһԣ۾ĿŹŷƯԱԸȥѽ˼۵ġ޼ṭù
õġƯԱͷŹŷ¶ΪЦݺ󣬴һ磬Ťˮȥŷ޼ṭȥˡ
Ǻǣллˡ
ʦùŷдøУЦл
Ŵ˿ˣĿˡ
ʦæ˰֣鹧˵
ŷЦЦҲ˵Щ׻ϣȵԱѹҲЩڴ
һԵʦŷû̸ȤҲͲ˵ˣͬŷɫŴЩĹһ㶼ŷոսģ
Ʒҩʦڸ߼ҩʦˣһƷҩʦҪ֪˻ôһλܾɽ챤ЩɣʦŷĿ⣬ҲӵĹˡ
ҩʦڻҰ½һֱΪرЩ߼ҩʦߵĿ𾴵Ķʦ֪˹ŷݺ˹Ҳһ㶼ˡ
һƯԱ˫һµĴľ˽ŷĿһ֪϶Ǹ޼ṭ߼ˡ
˵ʵŷ廹ûп߼ʲôӵģܹһ߼ԹŷľҲǲЩ
ŷվӹԱݹĴľУȲİѸŵľǴ˿ʱһĽϢϬϢʹùŷһ
ù
ŷоŹϢæó޼ṭͿʼۿ
һɫʣΪɫмִΪɫҲûκεĵ̻ƣԵƽ档
Ϊɫڷҹ͵Ƶҫ£â˿Ρ
ԵĹʺá
ŷ忴ģƽ棬ȴβסϢĹк⣬ͷ˵
ǺǣŴϲͺá
ʦŷŹҲܸˣǺһЦ͵
УŹҾˣʱ۳ҩԴҾͿˡ
ŷѹڼϣñϢ󣬾Ͷʦ˵ȻһжˣҲ͸ˡۿɡ
ǿñϢģرǸ߼ϢӴΣͻᱻ޾˵ţžʵһ˶ѡΡ
õģʹ˳ȥɡ
ʦ˵ͷԱͬŹŷ壬ĳȥ
ſڣŷһֱʶԼĵԱһĿԼʦתͳù˹ȥ


57 似
ŷûмȥùݣȥһӻ꣬˺üԴҹһǧƿհƿ󣬲ù˹ȥ
һףһٸƿѾõòˣٲһЩ´ҩûطװˡ
ùݺ󣬳˵㶫ٽ⼸ķ˺󣬾ͻصԼķ䡣
ȵСЩ󣬹ŷһʹЩ˽ҩռڡ⼸Ҳû£úȥоϤһµõ޼ṭ
Թŷڵʵ˵͸ϤһܻǿԵģ͸ŹǾȫԷӳŹĿֲˡ
ʵҪ󣬾ֻһ㣬ǾǽԵġ޼ṭþǽԵģܹӳҲ͸ǿˡ
һҩռ䣬ŷͺȻҩռͬˡһϸͷ֣ҩռ䣬Ȼ֪Ĵһùŷһȡ
ԴӵõҩԽҩռ󣬹ŷûҲҩռıԵоΣȴֱԵһĹĻţ޷ǰùŷһֱоҩռֻô󡣲ڿ
ѵʵǿ˵ԭ򣿡
ŷÿ룬ԴԼʵ׺󣬾ͻûҩռڣڿֻˡ
ţ
ʱŷ忴ҩռԵĿ͵һۣҲ룬Ǳ˹ȥΪ֧ţصҩĸûвȵ˿

һǰŷϸϸĿһۺ̲סͷЦ
ղûзֵģһҩռһĵطȴȻҩģǿҩζҪһƬҩĵζҪŨö࣬ùŷмΪ
ܵһᣬŷ巢֣ԼĲ²ȻûһҩģȻȫƷеȵƷߵȵģ

ŷ˷ܵһЦǰһֱ룬ƷߵȴʦҩʦʵôֻŪƷµҩ
ҩռôãҲûʲôߵȼҩģ¡
û뵽ǣȴôһϲùŷкһ󼤶
ȻչƷƷҩģ鷳ЩҩĻյõֱժȡס
ҳЩӵŻҩ⣬µҩ˵ӦоУһҩҪҩģ涼ҵֽ׶ΣԼǲҪΪҩĵˡ
ѵԺʵǿˣҩռиӵĸƷҩ𣿡
ŷ˷ܵǼֱǺõòٺˡ
ˣЩЩˣڣϤϤ޼ṭɡ
ŷ˷ܼһ󣬾Ϳʼ޼ṭ
ʵҪҪϤԼôܹķӳȫ
һʱ䣬ŷ嶼޼ṭоʱʱĳԹΡ
Ҫ֮ǰԹЩѣҩռṩҲˣӿ˹ŷ޼ṭϤ̶ȡ
˵㶫ŷͲ֪ˣ޼ṭѾϤòˣĻֽ׶εԼûκ壬似Ҳƿ¾ͿͻƵġ
Ǽ켶似һֱҶûڵʵӦÿԿˡ
ŷ󣬷߱켶似ƺ챻Լˣǿ켶似õؼ似ܵõ
һЩİڷţŷԣ߱Լ˵켶似͵ϥʼۿ
߱似棬һıǹ似ģֱǣ콣ǧ䡷ˮ롶Ӱޡ
ܹı似ǽ似һӰޡǱȽϡٵı似
һ似ŷˡ䡷ⱾֱӺԹȥˡ
似һֽħ֮ܣŷ巢ּȻһܴ˵似ﴫǲܵġ
ⲿ似˹ŷŨȤ
ڻҰ½ϣûֵ似ڡ
Ȿ似һߣºúõооһԵĻͰѧˡ
һһΪƾɵ鼮ЩطɢߣҲЩطȱһһģҺݻܹǿǿܹ塣
ƽޣ˹ŷǰ
ʲô˼ŷɻķһҳһнܾ˹ŷУһһнܣŷƤӶʱһ
Լ֮˵
Լ֮˵
ŷһȥˣԾȻȻĹֹ춼ݣ
֪ȥˣڵԴҲ֮ɢעٶԴҲ޷ʹ֮Ƿصķ
ŷ廹û˵ԾȻ֮˵ġȻҪԼΪý飬Ҳ̫ںˡ
죬죬죡
ŷ㿴˼ݣͱˡ
ϾԼľɢԼ꣬ΪľǾȻǸ֮˻ûɢһʶԼκηҲ޷
Ȼ֪ѧⱾĽԼĻҲ֪ͬԼܻԼȻ˵֪Ϊʲô뿴ȥȻѧᡣ
Ȿ似ֻҳѣҲѣͻƵ˱ߵ˶ԿöҲѧûᡣֻǿһѣŷѧⱾ似

ŷһ֪ԼΪʲôҪѧⱾ似ȻѧѧˣǾͲҪˡķⱾ似Ǳħ֮ʼж
ħ֮ط֮⣬޷ݡ
˹߼ҲǿԴľ룬ֱǣףһʮǧʮ
ⱾҲѣֻҪɡҲݾȷԴľ롣ŷȱľǾƷеҩʦľǿɲ˵Цġһϰŷ崫ľֱӵʮ
Ȼѧ⴫֮ûϰҲùŷһΡ
ʱ䣬ŷ巢ּȻ֪ľ͹ȥʱ䣬죬Ϳȥˡ
һŷҩռ䣬˸裬ùݷã׼ȥԵ㶫
ãŷͷֽرĶ࣬û˿ӣϣ˺üߣЩ˾ͷڵϣֱӾ￪ˡ
ô£ŷɻûзֱֹڵϳԶģҿǵı飬ƺûһ㲻ùŷǲ⡣
һӦǵʵŷоһݣȻûһǵĽ׵ģкüӱߵߣŷ嶼޷ǵʵ
ѵǰ˽ߣΪֻа˽ϵߣŷ޷ȷǵʵʵ
ʱ˹ŷĶ䣬ŷһʱ֪ԭϲ¶Цݡ


58 
ϵܣһ˶Դң
һܳٳƽʱ似ˣֻＯ˰˰ٶԴҡ˵νԪҩʮʮ׵ġǮôܹ
ϵܵ̾һε˵
ԣ˵ҩʮɢģ˰ԴǺлƿġ
ǸʻĴ󺺰ο
ģɢģ
ϵһ󺺵Ļʱ۾һȫǹֵģȴû뵽ת
٣Ͳ֪˰ɣеȷ˵ȫʮʮ׵ô˺ܶɢߵ֣ûа취óʮɢЩɢҲܹõ
Ǹãοûˣ磬һ
ϵܴϲһЦ룬ͽĴһº󣬾̵ĺȥ
ߣҲϵһһȫ۵ĽԪҩϢŷһЦνеĹú
ȻûλãŷֱԼķȥҩռڣвʳûꡣ
죬ŷÿ춼úУ裬似
ʱ䣬һξ͹ȥˡ
ǽӣеǰѾ˳ӿŷûȥ
һȦŷ巢һţһźܴѾΧˮйͨһֻǸŵһСȴֻȼ˶ѡ
̧ͷһСм֣ͨ
ŷǱ˹ȥԼϽԱӦǿġ
ãˣʾĹ
ŷվſڵӴԱ΢Ц˵
ŷ΢΢һЦӻͳϽԱʱӴԱϵЦݾ͸ˡ
Ŀˣӭĵ
ôӴԱһ񣬾ǰ·
ŷ˵ͷ׼ȥʱ򣬺ȻԱǸſڴһ󾪺ŷɻȥȴЩӵȺ˿ȴһ˫ۣԼϸһŷ嶼ǰʿˮ
˳ǵĿͷȥһȺʮʮŻϹֺõЦ⿴űΧмŮϸһܴпİĽ֮⡣
תĿ⣬ŷһǸȺͬ°ΧмŮʱŷͫ͵ľһ
Ůһѩɴȴ˿βסΨΡһ˫ˮۼȴһĮȻĵȻ
ıۺС죬ѩ첱Ѿ޷˵Ѿ޷ݣʧɫҡ
Ҳֻùŷ΢΢ʧ˫ۺָܿȵǣ·ʳ˼̻سӰŮȻϴڶ󿴵Ǹˣ
ʱ꣬Ϳһ˻ƽܵԽ磬ŷ𾪣ȻѾĩڸ֣
ĩڣֻһͽΪ߼ߣ߽ߣ
߽ߣѾӵâߣ߽µߣֻһâֱնɱ
ŷһԼҪŬˡΣһ꣬ҪȥЩյˡ
С㣬ιһЩԪҩǵĻұ֤ʮ͸С㣡
ʱһȺѾߵŷ岻ԶĵطһɫףһͷƮ裬˧꿴мƯ˶ظ˵
С㣬һŽеϽ
С㡭
Ҳ󣬷׷˵һЩֺõĻϣ˵ע⣬ȴδţ׵˿仯ǧ֮⣬ͬʱҲӦͺΧһж޹أǴԼУУûбˣֻԼ
ֵȻһеģȴǱֱӾܾǧøֱӣ
Σλð㡣ŷеһЦعͷǸͬξ绪𺳵ĽӴԱǰ˻ΣʾϽ·
ŶŶ˼
ŷǰ˻ΣӴԱڻع۹ƿæǸ󣬾ǰ·
ӴԱʵҲһƯһĴˣһΣԼֻһͨŮ˰ˣ˿ʱ֮ġ
Ҳͬ˿ļ֮ģΪλðŮѾڷ
ڹŷתȥ˲䣬εĿ˿仯Ǿһ˿ɻ
ߵļǳǿģرʵǿߣһٶǰɨһ۵·ˣܹЩģӡ󣬸οǰڶ󿴵Ĺŷ壿
ʱ׷ɱƽܣȻֻǴҴһƳȴҲܼǵŷģȻʱĹŷڵĹŷģѾкܴͬ߻߻òѾ˷츲صı仯һ˵ϢԶ޷ıġ
ˣֻһۣȷ˸ղվǰǸһЦǰǸꡣ
Ǹʱֻһ߶ǵô̶ʱ䣬׳ڣɻѵһţֻˣ
̶ʱ䣬ʹһ߶ǵֱͻƵߣ⡭Լڵʱʮɣ
뵽βֶ࿴˹ŷ彥ʧڹıӰһۣүү˵ĶԣҰ½ԻǶ಻ʤԼҪˡ
ϽԱȻģŷڽӴԱһĴ£һװ޼ݻķڣܿһŸ߽ԴƤɵƤΣ˶û⣬εǰ棬һľ輸ڷһЩˮĺһ衣
ٿǰ棬һ޴ˮǽڣŷվһ࣬Ŀ̨̨ǰһΡ
ܴ󣬹ŷ廷һɨܹˣֹģȷһпӵеġ
ˣٹһСҪˣҾվſڣ¾Ը
ӴԱ˵󣬾˵⣬Ĵţվſڡ
ŷ˵ͷƤϣոսӴԱݵĲ裬һһߵȴʼ

μңʱڻ԰УվżŮĴȵȣιˮιˮòݡ
ţ
з˫ۣ˽Ůеһˮһ߳ԣһʵ³ˮˣιˮŮæðװ׵Сֽס»ڵ
Ǵţ˵Ƿ˼ҪҵǸˣ
ҶЩű¶Ůͷش
һĻз˫˲˫Ŀ˵ĹâʵϢʵ
ǲҵ˵ȷǺͻϵһģһ
ãټǰ
ĿԸ
ǣ
æӦתϵסȥ


59 

ԼҴҵĸȻǼϣʵȴǲѾǰ˽ڵĶĴȨڶУ˶ڶٻ˿и
ԣǴϢ˵ҵǸ֮ˡ
ֱ뻰⣬˵
ǣ˼ǣ
ʵ
ϼˣҵʵĻ
һâ˵ҸɱˣȽɳͽǶμҵĩգ
֪һ֮жôǿһɳǶμҵĩվ͵ˡųɳĹŷŹǡ
ĻҲһ⣬֪˼ǵ˵ͷֱתȥ׼ˡ
Уŷ徲ȴ˰СʱңҲˣЩ֮ĹУߣһڴĶ̨ϣϣܹ㿪ʼ
һһߣ½ǧҲֻôһΡԪҩǵжôǿˡ
ûЩ˾õȣʮҹҫµ̨ϣ߳һɫۣķŮǣҪôһ̣˺ϻ̧һľУһľӣӦǷŽҪһЩ
һŮǶһһվ֮һҲͬʱ˳Žɫۣ͵΢ЦȻεʦ
ʦŷ忴Ŵ̨߳ʦЩȡҪ֪ʦƶ˵ͽܣԵʦνжεȷܿذ
ôҾõˣεʦ棬Ϳʼɣ
ʦ̶һ仰ֱ׼ʼûЩһ˵һͨķϻһĹ棬ЩǶʦøС
ǿʼĵһƷеȽ๥似⽣ļԴÿμӼ۲ʮ꣬ڿʼ
ʦ֣һŮǰʦ̵ĺ첼һƵ鼮˴ǰ
Ԫҩڳ߶ˣ漴һ룬Ȼˡ
Ԫҩ϶εѹƷ϶ǵſʼģû취ҪԪҩǣֻĵȴˡ
еȽ๥似߶ġڳ߲иΪ似ȴֻǻƼġͬҪԪҩһ߶¶ԥ֮ɫ
ȻˣϾ˳ˡ
ô߳ǮԪҩǲ֪ԼܲõЩǵߣѡⱾ似
ٶʮ꣡
һںŵ߳ˡ
ʮ꣡
ʮ꣡
ܿ죬۸ǵٰ߰ʮԴ
һеȵĹ似ҲͰ˰ٶӣƽʱЩһ˰ٶԴεͷϷԪҩܶ߶Ը⻨̫Դ
Ҳͱ۵ߣԵƽʱʮԴļ۸Ȿͨе似
ͬҲ˷ܣȻûҩⱾ似ԼʵҲܴǡҲûʲôˡ
ԴңõһŮ似ҲֱͣӳΪѾûжԴˣڴ˴߶ϣˡ
Ʒ֮ʦֿʼһ඼һЩ似ĶҲûĿͷ
ŷ˸Ƿĵҧ˿ˮͿҪ˯ʱһȻ˫ۣͬǳгȤ
ǽҪĵһߣ˼ߣлƤס
ʦŮŵķľӸӣ֪ܵǻҰ½ΪԴ֮һ
˻߾ŽԴϾë֮⣬ԽëΪǿˡߣȡһֻ˽ڵĽëëƤɡ
ˣ滹һŰ˼ԵʯʱֻҪע뱾Ϳ߷һԵı֡ǴҶ֪ġ
ˣֻҪ߷֣ȫԵֵסһ˽ߵȫһ
ʦ˵󣬿Щֻˮǣ⣬ЦЦ˵лƤ׵ĵ׼ǰǧԴÿμӼ۲һꡣڿʼģ

ǧ꣡ˡ
Ҫ֪һ߼߷ҲͲһǧѣһǧ꣬öֻ̾Ϣˡ
ǧꣿܣԶμһһӾóôԴҳһ߰ɣ
ǧꣿ
ŷҲ۸һ֮ľ˷ܡ
ΪԼֻ׬ȡǧԴģʦһ¼۸󣬾ҩԼܹ׬ȡԴҡǧ꣬ԼӦܹ
ԼӳΪ߿ʼͻûдߣ˼лƤףԼİȫҲܹˡ
Ƕϰ˽ߣԼܹȫˣ
ߣһҪŷа
ǧ꣡
ڹŷո׼ҪʱԼڵķȻһͬȪˮ˰Ůŷп϶ոǸ˵ǸεŮˣ
ڶζսƽʱȻֻһ١Ǵֵһֱڣŷɻǵá
ҲҪףŷüͷһӾͼ꣬ڱصã
ŷ岻£ԼܹõԴһǧ꣬Ӧô´ˡ
ǧ꣡
ȻԷҪļӣǹŷ嵱ȻڣֱӰѼ۸ӵ˾ǧꡣ

תסߣһŷļӼۣʱͬը˹һ㡣
ֱһӣȻܹϽˣ
Ͻĵ㣬һҲŶʮ˸䣬˵ģȴֻŸֱϽ˺ˣЩڶĻƽ뿪۵ģʱ˵Щڴͨˡ
һ꣡
ΣֱһԼһǧ꣡
һǧ꣡
ŷüͷһ£ֱӺһ˶𾪵ļ۸
ŷڵĹУһɰ˶Ƥϣ˼
֪ղԼ۵˭ڹŷʱͿˡ
ǰ߶ǵôôԴأɻⲢû̫ע⣬ϣע飬ֱ̫̫ˡ
ΣԭʵΪ˵õлƤ׵ġ
ǸԪҩûȤΪԼһƷҩʦԼüƷҩʦƷҩﶼܹƵóοֻƷĶѣ
׼ٴμӼ۵ʱһϽͬʱһ
һǧ꣡
ԱߵĹڣһŻɫȻ˷ܵոպ۸ģ
ҵһСǰֵĻˡ
ղκۣ֪ҪлƤףŷĺۣ͸ôһ
ܹлƤף͸СĻָܹ࿴ˣ
ǣԥĺ۸
Ȼ۸ѾҪӽļޣΪСĿ࿴˲ôˡҲţ۸Ѿߵˣ˼Ӽۡ
ŷһϳˣǹŷǧǴ͹ĻǸͷꡣ
һǧ꣡
û˷ܶãһ˷ܵı˲סˡ


60 
дٴη죬ǳˡ
һ˼ߣҲֵһǧѣȴһӼӵһǧ꣬߳ԭмֵǧ꣡
ֻҪɵӣǮûطȥģû˻۸һ˼ߡ
ֻɵ̫ˡͺñǸҪǰֵˡ
һһǧ꣡
׻ɫѿޱȣûǸˣȻҺôߵļ۸ңȻںԼмۣ
ܽϽˣӦò򵥡Ҳ
׻ĿҲҲĳĵӣĸĵӣԼӦյϢ
ģȥǸҽм۵˵ݡȥ
׻ȻޱȣȴЩԷһȲԼˣǾͲÿˡؽԼŭ
ǣ
һԵһӹӦһתȥŷȥˡ
£ټӼˡټӼ۵Ļ۾𱸵ġ
׻һֻӣԼһˡһӳȥŷȥˣ˵ģǸˡ
Ȼ׻Ҳͦ˿еĵ۾󣬾ҧ˵ξԼԴǲˡ
û˵ǹվһԣֻԼӰˣѡֲܡ
ιŷûټӼˡһǧ꣬ѾԶԶ˼߱ļֵټӼۣǾ̫ˡ
һǧһΣ
һǧڶΣ
һǧΣɽлƤ״ڿʼڻˣ
ʦѸٵĺκ󣬾æ
ȻǱ˳ļ۸ԽߣǾԽˡβͬγ۵˵ı̫ھˡñ˽мۣæȷߵĹ
׻ҲһǸϽٽм۵ĻҲûа취ˡ
ȻļۺþˣһǧԴҲͿóġοԴ
š˼ףר͸СġСĹС
Ȼˣ׻ȻǰֵĻᡣŮҪõԼһ˵
׻ȫڳ߶֪׻ݣ֪绪Ů˵ݡ
Σ˵Ұ½е׷
ӵžգʸױȵĳɫ
ʮ꣬Ѿɾ˱һӶ޷ﵽĳɾͣĩߡݣ˶
û뵽ǣ׻ͬޱӴˣȻóһǧԴ͸Σھ̾ͬʱȥʼɡ
־ֻ֣һüͥ
ûϣ
ϽڣһۼʮˣʮˣǸոſֺεһȺˡ
׻ˣǻܾ𣿡
һЦ˵
׻֣۸Ҳܹܵġ
Ļʼ˵Ǹɻ˵ֵǣǸոոҺ׻м۵ˣ˭أ
ҲһãȻȻҲ֪ں׻м۵˵ݡ
ǲ²ŷ֮ʣŮװŻ׵ĺӣҲεĹС
ȴοû⻤һֱۣӶŮ˵ǰȥһ顣
⡭
ŮһۣӶԷпΡ
ȴǰǶܶĵŮ˼ֻйӦһȻѻõʦȥ
ʲô
ʦŮĻףΪξܾˡȴҪһ顣ֱӾܽӻҪ˸ΣҲʦЩΪѡ
Σɣʦһ̾˼ȵ˵עȫϺ˼˵ղС˵׽һ顣׼ۻһǧԴÿμӼ۲һꡣڿʼģ
ʦ䣬ʱ˰ٴη
ǲ֪Լǵڼηˡֵֻ֪һΰɣǴ۽ˣ޷ĵҪĶε飬ǸоС
ԪҩǼȻ˸׻ۣȻǰ˼߼۸ֱһǧ꣬Ȼ׻ͳֵһǧԴĻ߸ǸŮ񡣱ΪǸ˵Ů˻ܣȴμȻְ׻͸Ļó
ʲôθͲҲЩʧǣڵĹʱ³˻ȡ
ƹҡ
˿׻ڵĹڣһ豭ݺݵˤƬ׻ӢӲ
û뵽ԼһԴˮƯεֱܾӾܾøѿ
һЩ߿ԼڵĹʱǳЦӵĿ⣬ŭգ
ηŭȴҲҶʲôαҪǿ󣡶ңοб飡һγʲô£ŭ𣬾޷ܣ

׻һղŸȥһǧԴңڼΪ۵ͬʱζҪըˣڵĹʱֿθڵǼеŭӿ
ҪξۣһҪҾۣһ˸߼𣿣Ĵ
Ի׿ŷڵĹ
žž
ʱһԵ򿪷ţȥ̽ŷݵӹվ⣬ȴ׻ٻ
׻ӻˣ˼ǿѹסھټɱ˹ŷ뷨Ŀӣʵ𣿡
£ˡƶ˻˵ģҵ£ǡ
ӻû˵꣬ͱ׻ˡ
˵Ҳ̣
ǣǡ
һһ׻ģŵæͷٿٵ˵ƶ˵Ҳ֪˵ʵݣֻΪһԪҩ˷ģ˾͸һϽ
Ҳ֪
׻ûȥʲôһԪҩһҩ˵ģֻں˵ʵݡæʵʳʲôûУ
йŷ塣
ŷ壿չţ
׻üͷ˰ҲûҰ½ĸչŵģп϶ŷ壬ֻһͨͨҩʦˣʲôһ֧֣ҲֻԼСָͷܹģ
ߣȻҺҽа壬ҽ
һֱܰӣһֱС۵׻ЦĿŹŷڵĹݶ˵
£ҪҪھˣ
ʱǰҲǺ⣬̧֣ԼһĨӵĶⲻԶ
ôߣɱĻЩ߳ȥᵽ˵۹۸ˡ
׻˰֣󣬷Ըھ˰ˣȻҸõĻɱҲҪڣϾҲлҲֵץסҵİѱϣʶʧ

תȥȥȥˡ
ٺ٣һССҩʦ͸Һҽа壬ĻǶѼˣ
׻յĿŷķ򣬷ֻƮЦ⡣


61 лƤ׵֣
ŷͲ֪ԼڸոյľмȻεĵ۹ҵĶ£ʱ׼ٴοʼۣ˼ס
˼ŷ忴Ÿղŵ־磬кЦ
һǧΪգȴսܹٴûнܣװʧһԴбӷ̵
һǧ꣡
Ҳ֪ŷٴοھģֱӰѼ۸ӵһǧꡣŷȷҪĻǲٳ۵ġ
Ϊһ˼ߣҲֵֻôѡңŷߣǹŷµǮҲǽĿڴ
پĻʽĹŷҲټӼˣΪ⻤׵ڵֻΪֱ˵Ľ׻ġҲûҪپˡ
ԵɵĹŷ壬ȻŹôõĻᣬǣεĻ䣬ŷͳˣһǧһ꣡
ģ˼׾һǧһļ۸񣬳ɽˡղ׻һǧ˿ɲֹһ㡣
׻һɽļ۸ǻֱðǻǰھͻɱŷ뷨ѹסˣĴһƽϢеŭ
ߣһúѿߣ
׻񶾵ٴο˹ŷһվ͵Ķһ֣ͷ߳˽С
£
׻ո߳һרŸǰһͷԴȻһֻĩԴѩǡ
ѩǣǼרԴޣȺֻ࣬Ҫǳѩǣʵٶ׳ڡֻĩڵѩǣһͷѩ
׻յڿͷѩʱ¶Ƭ̵ϲ
ͷѩǰͻƵĽĩʱ͸ĽһֱԼֻһͷĩԴ޵ڵõͷѩʱĵˡ
۹ǻҰ½ߴ󳬼֮һԴҲô׻õġôӴӵеԴҲǺܶ࣬رǸ߽Դ
ΪǿԼԴ⣬ЩȦԴһ׶׵Ļ˵ֻҪҾͿԴﵽ꣬ӶԺԼͿԵˡ
һ׵ԴҪǧʱܹ꣬ǲԼġ
˾۹ңӵеĸ߽ҲǺܶࡣ
׻ͷĩڵѩǾǧųģҲ۹۾ͻƵĽĩڲ͸
ڿ׻ǳͷĩڵԴ
ϸߴ׳ѩϣΧĽʵĿ⣬׻еĲɢһ㡣
ʵ׻ģǹŷ壬ǱֱӾܾøѿľܾ˿ҶʲôֻаȫڹŷͷϣҲò˵ȫһ֮ˡ
˰ˣûУˣͱҲˣ
׻ӷԸһ󣬾ѩ׵ѩԼĸۡȥ
ˣ˼лƤˡ
ϽڣŮľУĶŹŷ˵
ɣԴҪ֮Уûɣ
ŷʵ
ĹԵġ
Ůѻ׷˲輸Ϻ󣬹Ļش
ţС֮ȡԴҰɡ
ŷ˵ͷ΢Ц˵
õģǾͲˡ
Ů˸񣬾ͻ˳ȥ˳ҲĴˡ
Ů߳ȥ󣬹ŷ˷ܵİװŻ׵ľľӸӴ˿ʱһǿԲʹ˳ŷ嶨һһȫཻıĻױǰ
ŷ𻤼ף洫ĲԽԽϲҲ룬ŷȥϵĳۣȥͰĻ״ϡ
ϻףŷĲ˲׳ʽ⣬ͨͨı޶Ӷ˼ֱۣŤ˼ûκεĲʡ
һһ˿뱳ģȻһɫ־һԲεļһ㣬ʱͰѹŷ棬ŷ忴˲߷֣Խˡ
ΨһȱݾάҪıеࡣڹŷ׳ھĩڱĹ̥˵㱾ģάֵġ
ףŷ͵Ƕһ˵ȻЩţֵܹס˽׸ȫһҲ̫ˡ
ٴζŻҿһ󣬹ŷ漴㴩£Ƥϣ̨˹ȥΪԼҩˡ
ˣеĶˣ潫ҪεѹƷǴڴģԪҩ
ȵߵ似֮ʦЦŶĽȵЩͷ֣ȵǵĿȫ˹΢Ц˵
ڵȵˣϻˣϽİɣ
õģǶ˺üСʱˣϿ쿪İɣ
㣡үҵԴҶ췢ùˣٲģСҷѾģ
ʦ䣬ȺЩ͵Ƕʱ۾һֺһƬЩĸǿˡ
ҲֻѣΪеһ˽ߣ߽߸ʮһٸӣҲȥʦ
ʦȺ߶ԼµģգЩˡôȵֳǾͱʾܹĳߵļ۸
ãҲͲϻˣ棬ȿʼɢ׵ģһʮסȻʣİʮףʮʮ׵
ʦߵߵһŮϵĺ첼ҩƿǣƿҩǣʱֹͣ£۾ŹĶƿҩֻûˮˡ
һԪҩĵ׼һٰʮ꣬Ӽۣڿʼģ
Ӽۣ˵һٰʮһӶԣֻҪ˲Ԫҩˡ
һپʮ꣡
꣡
һʮ꣡
ʮ꣡
ʦ˵꣬۸৵ǣ˲ͳƷߵȵһǿʵҩļ۸񣬶Ҽ۸ڷǣҼӼٵĶʮһΣû˻ɵȥһһӵȥӣֻñЦƴ
ٰʮ꣡
һ߳Ƭ̣۸ΧߣҲֳԥ֮ɫ
ʵ۸ʮʱ򣬼Ӽ۵˾Ѿˡ
ΪƷߵǿʵҩҩЧûƷǿʵĵһҩҩЧãοֻƷȵģֻǱƷߵȵĵһҩҩЧһˡ
Ʒǿʵĵһҩļ۸ҲֻҪԴѣ۸ӵٰʮ꣬ѾǼˡ
ǵһƷϵҩرǿʵģг̫ȱˣ˵ҩˣϡȱλĻԺҲѵõˡ
ˣһھ˼붷֮һģҧҧ˸ߵļ۸񣺡پʮ꣡
뷨ĲֻһĻûãһ߰Ѽ۸ӵپʮһꡣ


62 ߼
پʮһ꣡
ֵֵֻٰʮԪҩѾԭмֵʮһ֣꣡ҲֻܹƷǿʵҩгȱ̫ˡ
⻹Ǽޣһ߼˼۸񣬲ȴֻǼʮѣپʮһʮ죡
ȻֻǼôһ㣬²û˳ЦӼ۵ߣΪ۸ϣֻһ죬һСʱһܹҩҲлˡ
پʮһʮһΣ
پʮһʮΣûмӼ۵ˣûеĻҩλ˵ˣ
ʦվ̨ϣ鳣ϴЦݣ緢Ķ󺰵
۵߼ʦںϽµк޵ҧгݣȴֲҴֻǿԳ˵˫ۣʹĵʦ
ʦȴںҪ˵Ŀ⣬ɻȫȷû˻ٴγۺҲͲٶ˵ҪȷҩĹʱġġû׷ѣһԥԥٴ
پʮһʮһ졣
˲䣬ȫߵĿⶼתˣһԴΣԴԥߡ
Ȼֻһ죬ûٴγ۵Ļҩˡ
پʮһʮߣʱȴ̾һĿݺݵĵһһ΢ЦʦһۺҲˣپʮ꣡
ôˣҲں⼸ˣֱӰѼ۸ӵپʮ꣬ԴϾٴҪӼ۵ߡ
ò˵뷨õЧЩҪٴμӼ۵ģûټˡʦҲ֪ѾǼˣҲͲ˵ЩϻֱȷҩĹ
õҩ֮һղŻƵɫ˲ת磬Դңһϲҩת뿪˻᳡
ҲֻҪôһҩѣȻˣҲû˼ڴ˴ˡ
ææĳ˻᳡סȥӦǼŻȥʹãþöûͻƵʵˡ
ŷڹ΢ЦŲ裬ŵڶҩķӼۣϲ
ּ۸ȥĻԼܹ׬ȡǧԴȥлƤ׵һǧһ꣬ԼܹһԴңԼǲûԴˡ
ڶףپʮȥģϾһ׵ڶļ۸ǲڵһ׵ļ۸ġ
ӵ׿ʼ۸ҲЩûͻ
ǣֻ׵ʱЩûĵЩԥߣںģٲĻܾûǵķˡ
Ҳˣ׵ļ۸񣬷׷׶ͻһףһףﵽ¡
ʼգЩ׽Ͻˣûгۡ
еԣǰǶʮ׶ǸЩɢߵģǰʮףǸЩ׼ġ
ЩȻǶʮ׶ȫõô˵ĻͻЩɢߵǿҲˡ
һʮٸɢﲻʲôж٣һЩҲһԵһߣ
ȻЩѹôߣ϶ҲᱻԪԸһɢߣǸοЩֻһأ
ЩǲЩƷȵҩΪĸӵеߵҩʦƷȵġ
̾ڻҰ½ô꣬ûƷϵǿʵҩƷǶУˣƷȵԪҩ˵濴ۡ
ҲֻЩûҩʦģҩʦȴûҩһŻЩҩ
ɢװԪҩѾˣ棬ʮһĵԪҩ
ʦŮеһ˻֣Ůְҵ΢ЦǰʦƿŮ̵ĺ첼һʮƿҩ˳
Ҳϻˣʮҩĵ׼һǧ˰꣬ÿμӼ۲ʮꡣڿʼģ
ʦһ֣˻ЩˣҲڿʼˡڵµɢߣ֪ȤĲٿڣ㿪ڣҲûôԴ¡
ǧ꣡
ǹˣһھֱӰѼ۸ӵʮҩĶ㣬ˣʮҩ־ڱصá
ǧһ꣡
ҲѷɫһԳȵοڵĲǶ׽ˣϽˡ
ЩˣӦþǶˣֻϽˣпһˡ
ϽһڣЩ׽˾֪ȤĲˡûЩҩһСһԲǶԱġ
һ˿ɲֹһңϽҲͬһٴΣղǸ˻ûãһּӼˣǧ꣡
Щһ˵ԭֵ༸ļ۸ǻǳġ
ǿɲΪ⼸ԴңЩҩﹰøǵľ֡˵ʧȥûӶࡣ
Ҫ֪Ԫҩ߽׸ֶʹõģ˵ʮҩܰٷ֮һپö߽׸ͻƵ˽ף˵ֻһ߽׸ͻƵ˰˽ףڶֶһصĴ
ˣֻҪ۸̫ڿŵĻǶƴġ
ǧ꣡
Ǹ˻ƵּһԴҡ
ǧİ꣡
һҲֱͬӼһꡣ
ǧ꣡
ǧʮ꣡
Ҫ˵˷ܵģҪŷ塣ƵļӼۣŷͱ࿪ˡ
һ꣬͵ڶһû˻Լġ
ǧ߰꣡
ǸЩȵ۸ѾԶԶԭм۸ˡ඼ӽƷеǿʵҩļ۸ˡټӣǾ̫ˡ
Ǹž۵ȻҲΪ۸ټˣԥƬ̣ǾˡʮףҲһס
ǧ߰һΣ
ǧ߰ڶΣ
ǧ߰ΣɽʮҩӴ˾ڡҡˣ
ʦҲ֪۸ѾǼˣҲϻͶ۸
濪ʼڶ׼ۼӼһڿʼ
ǧ꣡
ûǸҵһֱҾ۵׼ڱʱȴ뱻һ˻ƣƺûκˡ
һ˻Ƶ÷·û˿˶оһȻĴһ׷˳ŷķȥּǸһֱûпھ۵Ͻ
Ǹո׼ڱ۵ˣһߵĻҲӲȥоǼɵ֮ɫ
ʲôˣȻһ岻Խķ
ŷҲһȻڴ򺮲ֱҲһ㼦Ƥ񣬾ͺĶ߶סһָоŷ廹ǵһ
ŷüͷɱ̫ˣ޷һͷֻЩɱ飬絾ݵˣŻǿҵĸо
һѪ߳ˣŷа
ٿ˵һǰ׽ˣϽˣûκһ˿ھ۵ġ
ȻǶ֪˵˵ݵġ
̫ڼɵĻǾԲῴʮԪҩǧļ۸ȥġ


63 ɱ
ǺãȻû˼Ӽˣʮҩ͹顮ɱˣ
ʦȻҲ֪ڱ۵˵ݵģһζ˵ˣоη֮ɫֱӾȷʮҩĹ
ڳˣ֪˻Ƶݵģǲ֪ݵģһɱ֣عͷٶ࿴Ǹڵķһۡ
ͺ࿴һۣͻɱ֮һ㡣ʦֱȷʮҩĹҲûκһ
ɱ
ŷһ֣ͫ͵ľһ
ڻҰ½ϣԲ֪ߴ󳬼Բ֪ܲɱ
ɱûʵ֣˶֪һڳС
ɱҲʵָûȤȤģֻǮȻɱ
ɱһרŰɱ˵İɱ֯
û֪ɱһжλԱҲû֪ɱһжٸֻ֪֡Ĵ۹ɼ壬ҵǡ
ΪɽĳλŽʵĳϣΪĳµɱ֯ϴɷڵ죬ͱ˰ɱԼķ
ʱһϢ˶ˡ
Ž׸ְǿǻҰ½ĸˣ
Ұ½Ҳûֹʮ׸ֹ֣ʮλʮ׸֣֪Ϊʲôʮ׸ֻҪһ֣ʱĪʧˡһֱǻҰ½ϵһš
ô˵ûʮ׸ֵ£Ž׸Ѿ۷ĸˣȴȻϢİɱԼķһڱɽԼ֮У
ôϢ˲Ŀɿڴ
Ҳˣ׵ĵɱ֯ˡ
ֻҪɱϵģǶ߳ᰲ
ǿʼİɡ۸һҿʼİɣ
ڹŷ廹ɱ֯ǿʱʦѾʼ˵
ʮԪҩɱԲˣЩûĵҲһʼ˼
ڹŷ壬˿ҲһֻҪɱ˲ٿˣԼ͵ڿԶ׬üǧԴˡ
֪ǣʱһɱ֯ˣڻУѯżϼ۸ҩ˵ݡ
Ȼ˵еı÷ǳãҲֻǶǻԵġ
Էǽҵ̫̫ĻΪ˼壬Ҳֻε˵˭һҩ۸ǵġ
ͺ۹һ׻Ҳֻε˵ˡοǻҰ½ŷɥġɱ֯ѯ
ˣһԪҩһŷҩʦġݣҲ֪
ɫĶԼǰһλޱ˵
ǿһƷҩʦˡ
˵˵ͷ˿ɼϵĻΪϣû˭ƭǡɱġ

ʵ
Ͻڡ
֪ˡ
˵꣬ҲһεļϣԹԵ˳ȥ
ϿʧӰ̾һ
СԺǲԼ۶ˣ
ϴʳˡһҩһŷƷҩʦݲ꣬ԱߵŹڡ
Դޱ飬Щ˴˿Ĺ֮ɫһпƤϵģ·û˯Ѱ˵
ŶԱߣ
·û˯Ѱ˻Ƶ˫۰ţ°ݵĺ룬ϴĺɫҲ͹⣬ͺǺü¶ûϴһ
ˣǰɱŽ׸ֵˣɱϴɷ
ǵġ
˹Ļش𵽡
ɷ˵ͷû˵ûƵ˫۹â˼֪Ѱ˼ʲô
ڣѾֻʣʮҩˡ
ŷ۾Ÿıۣϲˡ
ˡɱǧԴʮҩ֮⣬ȫǧ߰١˰ȥġѾкüԴˡ
ǧŰٰʮ꣡
һΧûϢǧŰٰʮ꣬Ѿĳ֮ǰĳļּۣ۸û˻ȥ
û⣬ʮҩǧŰٰʮļ۸ɽˣĵҩģԴҵͬʱмΪϲ
ûģȴаûڣΪʲôʱһԴأûкҩ
žž
ŷ廹Žܹ׬Դʱյķ

ŴˣµԴңһǧһپʮ꣬ȥлƤ׵һǧһԴһʣǧʮԴң㡣
ʦЦ򿪷ţŸС˹ŷǰĲ輸Ϻ˵
ŷ΢Цù˵һٶʮɫԴԼöɫԴҺöɫԴңǵͷ˵ûôûȡѣ
ǺǣˣΪһԪҩõĺôѾкܶˣ˼Ͼȡ˵κηá
ʦȻ˵Ϊϰѹŷй¶ȥεԭ£治ôʡ
ŷҲûж룬պЩԴ֮Ц˵УȻѾˣҲˡ

ʦΪΣֵñƽʱӹǫ
ʵй¶ŷݵԭ˵ƷҩʦӵǿҩƷҩʦĶܵ˵𾴡ôҲûʲôԡ
ŷ߳ʱԱδĹһۣǿģ֪ʲôʱߵġ
ʦҲǾ֮ˣοǴ½ߵĽߣЩ߻ķȢȻ⻰̫棬̫֪ߵغˣҲ˵εεĴˡ
ʦŷ߳ʱεĹһۣΪŷҲεĽ֮һæǰ˵ŴˣСлƤʱѾˡ
ŷһ㶣漴ʦ˼
ʵղſһۣ뵽ᣬΪԼҲҪӽŬ顣û뵽ȴʦˣҲýͣתȥ
˽УŷװȥʮȥˣԼҲӦúˡϢôãʱٳȥĥԼˡ
װвԶ˴ʮӾͿǸ޴Ĵơ
ˣȡ𣿡
ŷո߽̣һԱǰϲִŹʵ
ŷתͷһϴԱһЦ˵ͷشǵģ֪ûУ
ˣ
Աͷϵļ֮ɫβסæǰ棬ŹŷԺȥ
ιŷʽܹɹĻõɽжЦѣ˶Դŷ̬ȣǸӵмˡ
ʦ
ŹŷոԺԱ㳶ɤӶĹʦ
ŷ嶼Ŀ벻岻󣬺ȴըװ
ʲôôֲӣ
ڶĹʦͻȻͬըװĺŵһ飬еһ͵ȥҵԼĽˡһˣʱͲһ
ʦ⣬λˣ
ҪΪԱһ뵽μõɣо̲סһ鲻Խһ߽Ժͺôһɤӡ
ڹʦУعæָĹŷ͵˵


64 μҵ
ŶԭǴ˰
ʦһЦĹŷ壬˸ղŵĲ죬æһЦݵӭ˵
ˣġ֪ʦûУ
ŷ忴ŻȵĶ췿ҡҡͷʵ
˺ˣѾˣֻȴȡˡ
ʦͷһʦԸȥλ˵ָù
õģ
ϰĴĨĨͷĺˮӦһתȥȡŷ˫ȥˡ
ʣԴҡ
ŷһͣͳ׼õʮöɫԴҶ۷ŹĹʦ
ʦæӹ˿ɢ΢΢⣬ʱ춼Цˡ
Ǻǣˬ죡
ʦʮöɫԴҷڴ֮к޵
ŷЦЦͿбָ˹ôԶŷ嶼ܹоõɢǿҲ
ˣ
ŷæӹʱһһϢ˳ԼĴֱۣŷֻעһ㱾ȥָ͹âʤ
һˣƺ԰ֱӶ
һƻƺ԰ֱӿ

ŷ弫ΪĿģһģһȴͬնָоϲ֮ɫ
ȷ߼ԶԶļԱġԼָԱǻɱдߡ
Ǻǣϲͺã
ʦŷϲҲǸˡڶʦ˵ûʲôȱ˿϶Լĳɹø˵ġ
ŷۿ˺һ󣬱ñѱ˫ĿϢڸȻ塣źáļı棬ŷ·ϾѾҩռ֮ڡ
װŷ׼ȥùϢһȻ̣ǰߵĴյأ
СյضڵԼ˵ѾȫûκսԣֻЩ֮Ϊ߽ߵʥصĴյأŶĥԼ
ճװûһŷͻȻüͷоһֱڸԼ
ʵڽгʱ򣬹ŷԼԼĸоʲôڸԼû̫⡣
ղŹŷȻоԼļ˼Ȼɢ˿˿ɱ⣬Ȼֻһţ֮ǻĹŷ壬ԷֻǶԼ¶һ˿ɱ⣬ܹĲ׽
߲ƣ
ʱʱֵ֣ϵرĶ࣬ŷȻӿ첽ר˶ĵطߣһŷ˦˸Լļˡ
Ц˼ŷҲͣùȥ
ʲôǼȻ˸ˣ
һ޴ĸۡڣ׻µı棬һվ͵ƿԼϵŮ´𵽡
󣬴ˣǸƺǣר˶ĵطߣǾ͡
һڵϵͰ͵Ļش
ߣǶҹڣû׻Ҳˣ
׻µĽͣҲһ㡣ǣ۹ҵĵ̣˶Ҳ׻Ĳûˡ
ȥңҪסҪСһ㣬ǲҪǼֵܺø֪ˡҵ˾͸ҶˣλǾͲûˣȥɡ
׻󣬾Ͷһ·Ը
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æӦת뿪˴֮С
ȫ߹֮׻˿ǰԼƿŮٺһЦ֣ŮЦһ˹׻˫ϣĲӣӾͿ׻Ļ
׻һŮϵζǺٺһЦ̶ּŮ½ʹһɽ壬¶ݺݵĿ⣬ҧгݵĵҽôǰܾңҽôǰҽװ
׻˫ϵŮ׻ץ£۵кᣬȴֲҳԼ۵ýг̶Ӵ߷׻䡣̬ԡ
ĻǿԼпܺǰЩһ׻Űúüʮ춼ûָùˡ
ļǵãǰһãֱһ׻ñӸˡ
һ뵽ʱõĲŵ͵һ飬Ӳҷʹˣֻҧ촽Ӳš
ҵǸûУ
һ䲻Ժĸʵ
رϣǵһֱţӸղߴϢ˵Ѿסµùݡ
һԸ̬ϴƲСӵ˹Ļش
ܺãھʹҹȥ
͸¶һ˿ϲæ˵
õģ
̬æǰ·

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ڣŷ裬Ȼ˼
ŷüͷˮվøëӣ·󣬾ɻſȥ
ţһƵһթ˿ȴһվſڣŷԸӦһ£Ȼ˵ʵԼȻӦһݣʵ˭
ǺǣϷжԣǶμҴϡ
ԺǺһЦ¶һΪº͵Ц⣬˵
ŷһμ֣˫Ŀһαˣ˲˫עԼ͸ˣһٶһܡ
ŷûܣһΪûҵʱʱţԵĶμҴϸڹɱˣлЩפġ
СѱţҲǹСƴɱģһº͹С̸
Լŷ嶯֮󣬲æ͵
ŷûлشֻǾվǶμҵ׻ʲôºԼ̸ġ
Сѣǽȥ̸ɣ
һƶ켷һȥˣЦʵ
⡣
ŷĻش˿κӡ
ߣСӣ̫ˣȻǣҪɱĻֻһ˲顣ôһû˻ֵᷢģ
һԵ˼ŷ˲ʶ̧٣ϹЦʧˣŭָŹŷ˵
ŶԿ
ŷЦһ˽е˫˵Ŀ⣬ȴʼնŶԡ
ֻһССĩ߰ˣԼ첻вԼвģǰûжĶԴϡ
ǺǣСѱҵ˲¡ȻСѲȥ̸Ǿ̸ˡ
ԼŷȻɵԼȴûкµӣһ㶣в¶һ˿֮ɫ
Գȣһʵ꣬û֮ҲһɶõţȥҲԿˣ
룬ŷûκο˵˼ҲͲϻˣֱӽ⣬˵ѾСѵˣСѸɣǾ룬ǷǰӣСǶμأ
ģֱӰճϵĴÿ¶һԴҵ˵ԺСѻڵλãÿǶμҶṩǿʵҩС
˵ΨһҪϣСܹģӴЧǶμҡ֪Сأ
һ˵󣬾΢ЦվԶȹŷĻشɫУ
ţһɵССɢޣ˵ֻҪǱ;ԻӦġ
Եȴǹŷ塣


65 
ҪǲӦأ
ŷЦһʵ
ϴÿһԴң
ԼкüԴңȱô㣿ԼҪ׬ǮĻ
ϵλǶڹŷ˵羵ˮһ㣬ûκ
ҪģӴЧҹżң
ǣ˿Ц
Դֵʱ򣬵ʱԼӵ켶似켶ԼȻ֮ĻԼʬǶѾԴ޸ˡ
ȴ˵ʲôǰӣЧҹżң
𣬹ŷ岻
ŷϲһǰ׷ɱ㣬ȴܹǰӵˡԼμңеֻ֮
ֻԼʵң޷ԱѡһԼʵɳ֮󣬾ͽǶμҵ֮ˡ
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ô˵Ǿﶯɱң
ŷ廰Ȼ˵⣬ȴһĿɨʱ׼ܵ׼
Ȼ˵μӦǲڻɱԼģҲܷǾ;Բôֻܵ׼ܹ֤Լİȫ
˵Էֻһ߽ߵĻŷŶԼûʲôвټϷնܹնɱԷҲ˵Էȴһ˽ߣ
߽֮ÿһȼʵر֮֡ÿһȽףʵ͸ӵľ޴ˡ
ߣԶսʮ߶ڲ֮ءһλ߽ߣͬʱ԰˽ʱҲʤ㣡Ǹ߽֮ĵȽײ࣡
Ȼֻ˵֮ͨѡŷ߽׵ʵ似ֻǵؼĶԣʤĺ˵ˡ
˹ŷ켶似һ켶似ԭ⣬Ҫŷı
һȹŷͻƵ߽׳ڵʵʱ򣬿ڵıֱӱƽ˽ˣȻķӳԼӦȲİ˽ߣ˷նռ󳬼ɱ֮ȫֲһĲ㡣
ˣֻҪȹŷͻƵ߽ߣԶԵĻ˵ܹսʤǾûκġ
ٺ٣Ĳǿˣ˵ÿһÿṩǿʵҩɢ˵ӦϺܷ˰ɣҽпܳΪμҵĴϣ㻹Ӳ
ûֱӻشŷĻ沼˪ʵ
ӣֻҪŷ˵ܾĻͻֱӶֻɱŷˡ
ȻǾͻɱ
˵֮ǰŷֻһ֮ţһɳڶμ˵һĸ֮ĻڹŷֳΣҵ侲³ȵԣ¶ļ㣬ټ֮ʣ͸˶Բòɱˡ
һɳˣμҲ˵˶Ԫǿ϶ġ
ֻаɱڳɳҡ֮УμҲܹ԰ġ
ڶ֮ǰ˼ҲˡͶɱ
ŷʱҲ˶ɱ⣬вһֻҪԼپܾĻͻɱԼȻˣǻʲô˵أӰɣ
оһ£ŷĿһ䣬˲е˫£һզȣն
һװҵĸâʱΪһ壬ͬһն˶ԣŷҲâͬʱαˣ͵ײˮһ죬ˮӦ飬ŷΣҲ֮ʧ˷֮С

ڹŷͬʱͷӦ˹һŷһ֪ãæ߶ԼѾɵ˵ĸһͬ档
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еƬĩɢԿſһ˵ķڣʱ͵һϵıͬˮȶ
һԱͱɵȴڶԱֵڻû˵ĸˣҲڶɳ쾢͵һѪɫɷףԵг˿־֮ɫ
һŭĴ֮󣬶еɢһ㣬Ӧŷٸһʮǿı֪˴˾֣Сץס˷ʺĲһҲ˹ŷղƴȱڣ˲ʧԭء
ȻսƷӣȴҲֻһ˲ѣм佻ս̶룬˶ԻʱܹȥģһǵĳץסĻǾԶμһ֮
κסڣ˽Դ򶷶Ƕһ߲ƣǶԷԼⷽǿĺǣ
Ҳԭס֮У򲻵ѣǾû˵˽Դ򶷵ġ
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ŷӷ󣬾˽ֵ֮УϵıأЩ֡
ֵ֮к󣬹ŷŵҲͷ
ǸĵӣҲǲֵϹɱ˵ġ
˵زˣÿ뿪
ŷڽֵϣֻһֳɱĳԼסùݸ˹ȥæӿ첽ǵĴ͹Ļȥ
ȻԼ뿪ȴԼǰȫġԼıԼסЩСҲʶԼģҪ˶ãǾͻ֪˭ڴˡֻп뿪ȫġ
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һ·Уŷ˴͹ĻķҲûʲôԹ·ǵĴ͹Ļǰ
ǵĴ͹âǧǵĿɱȣ˵ǵĴ͹Ļһʮ׸ɵģ͵ľԶҲӴ
ŷԶԶľͿ޴Ĵ͹Ļߵǰŷŷһ¥С˴Ĵ͹ĻӦǿԴ͵ԼҪȥĵطġ
͹ĻǰвڴͣϾһ۹׳ǣǮʵ˲ʹôδ͹Ļûġ
ãܴﴫ͵۹޳𣿡
ŷߵػڴ͹ĻԱߵһߣ΢Цʵ
ιŷĿĵǼĴյع޳ǣǸǹĳУǹŷǰʱһŻҰ½ͼ֪ġ
۹޳ǣ
üͷҡҡͷ˵У̫ңԶˡֻܴ͵ǡ
ҲСһҪԴң
ŷ󣬵ͷʵ
һҪ˰ԴͷҪһԴ
Ҳͻش𵽡
УһԴպá
ŷ˵ͷȻ۸ܹ󣬲ŷ廹ͳһöɫԴҵݸ͹Ļȥ
ӹŷݹĽɫԴңޱҲЦЦܹһԽӵһĴͷãǵҲƽߺܶࡣ
׼͵ߣһŷһԾó˽ӽǧԴңж¶˾ȵı飬Щиһ˿̰ŷҪ͵۹ģǾ٣ҲûԴҴ͹ȥ
ŷҲעЩ˵Ŀ⣬һӣȵʱ򣬾ŰöɫԴңͶ˴͹ĻԱߵһڣâһŷӰʧԭء


66 ǰ
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׻µĻ㱨󣬲ü
ǣѾ۹ҵΧˣҶԷҲԼҲĵɱˡ
£㱨˵ŷˣ˴͹ĻɲԴ͵޳ǡ
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׻ЦһԸȥѻ󡢻й
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ھͺһȥȥɱһˣ
׻˵
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˷׷Ӧ׻ŸԵԴһŴ͹Ļȥ

ϣؽϢƣȥ۹޳ǣ͹Ļ޷ôԶľ롣ӦڡҲ룬ӦȥĹ
һԺڣμǸ˹վڶǰ˵

ԳƬ̣漴˵ھȥܲ׷²ʵξһδĹˡҿ϶ʹͼ¼ġ
лллϣллϣ
˷ʺԲϲãл
ˣھǰǾͲøˡǸͷ̫ˣҰ˽׳ڵʵȥԸһ׳ڵߣҾͲܷˣ
ϲ˺⣬кݺݵ˵
ȻڽŷܹԼƤѹȥΪķŭˡ
ǣǣ񹦸ܻɱӣ
˲ز˶һƨȻƨôȴ벻ԼȻáҲò˽Ƥ
󣬶Աڸ˵Ĵ£˴͹Ļǰ۵ĽԴ֮󣬶ԵӰҲ֮ʧԭء
ǣΪܸ߽ϲĹȽϽҪ۹Ϻü
Ҳˣ۹ĲԼĴ۹֮ףҲֻĵشɼСһѡ
Ȼܷŷ岢ûﶺǴ˹֮󣬹ŷֱͣĴ͵޳ǡ
޳ǣ˼壬ͺһƬһ㡣˸ֻľﻨ㣬һΪʺסĳ֮һ
ΪĳˣǿԿǣַǳ
˴͹Ļعŷ岢ûֱӸˡܵһҷڣһѵزϣȻܵӻִ꣬һƷ˵ʯʲôġ
Щǹŷ׼ǹģȴôһ£ֻ޳ǹˡ
ȫʰ֮󣬹ŷŲ鿴һµͼֱ޳Ƕȥȥķ
ŷڹʱ򣬾ȥжԶ·̡
ⲻʲ֪һһ
Ǹӻϰ˵Ȼһ๫Զ·̣ǸϰҲƼùŷֱȥԴ깺һֻԴĻǸ·Ҫټµʱ䡣
ŷûȥһֻֻܴͨͨԴŷûһҰûһ㹥ԵԴûһȤ
ңһ๫·̣ΪڹԱߣ;вٸ߽Դ޵ġԱȵ˼СյˡԹŷ;µʱһ·ɱȥ
޳ǣҰŷ֪Լ뷨Щˡ
һ·ϣԴ޶ţëҲʤ
ŷһҰϣͱһ˸סˡ
磬㿴СӼȻǶһˣҲ²⣬;Բᳬһ꣬ĻʵҲӦò̫ߡҲĽҡҿɱ
һߡ˸ˣ˵һСӡ
Ŷ
ͷһˣţɫۣǳڻҰ֮Уû˻ỳôһĶŵ˼Ȼһ߶ͷˡʵȻѾڡ
磬ݺСӱıûУ˾ûдǰЩˣûпġ
һ̷˵
ٺ٣磬ǿкü춼ûпˣСӴ·Ȼûʲôĵطֲϵ·ǰڷװ꿴ûһԴһ²ܻһԴһ·ţһǮˣ磬ɰɣ
һԴһ·Ҵһ·ҲСʱһ磬ˣ
Ҳ޳ɣ
˷׷壬رһ·һԴＫȲƽ֮ľ̰
˿ţȴѶ֮ˣ˼Ƭ֮УĿһݣ˵׷
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67 
Сӣ㵨ӲСȻվǣǲ֪Ӳأ
˷ɢΧŹŷ壬Ǹݺ˿һȻվмĹŷ峰Ц

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·Ȳ˵˵ŷϹŵĹҵ¶ֱȻûκβǶľԲ
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оһ׹һЩԱȵɱ
һɤӣ˾ͳ弶վһԣĿš
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ˣŷһеɫʱлƤעһʱһԲεɫ־˲ѹŷС
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ŷһϷʵĿ˾˵һۣһһֱֻֽҲ˵ϡ
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ǣ߽ľ硣е߽䣬߶ܹҪԼԲܹġ
ҧǿľʹ͵֮䣬ҲǿȻʵԽǿˣҲ͵ȻԽǿ
ͬȼ֮Ҳǿֵ֮ģҪ˵Լ̶ˡ
Ϊʲô߽ϵĸ߽ҪµСͽҪࣿǾΪĴڡ߽ߣȫѹסʮߵʵʹֻܷӳǸ͵ʵ
Ҳ׼ߣϼˣܹսʤ߽ߵԭˡ
һ˵꣬ڵϣгεĿŹŷ壬ϣŷܹ˶ŹԼ


68 ɱ
Լȷǿѹƶֵʵ˵Ĳ޶
ǣ˵ֻ߽ϵ߲ܹôҲ׳ھˣ
ѵ˵Ϊϴ֮ԭ򣿲ʹһû߽ףӵ߽߲ܹ
ڿֻͲ˵ùȥˡ
ৡ
õԼҪģŷֱһȥȡ˵ͷ
ŹŷûԼʵǿľԼˡ˶Щˣûʲôġ
ȡڵı󣬹ŷȷһ·󣬾˹ȥ

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ţ֪ˡǶ˵Ļ񣬱ʱʶӵˡ
׻һȻӹѩԱߵһóһŻ񣬵ݸ˻󡣶ǻϵˣȻǹŷӡ
Ż׻ȥԼȼϻģ׻ֻεİѹŷģʵʵĻ
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Ϊ۹Ͻһôܲʶ׻˵ǶμһҪ۹ء
ղҲ׻ŷĶԻϲͬʱصϢҲһ˿þͱˡҲͺֱӵ˳
ŶԭԳϰ֪Ϊ£
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μ˵糬˵СҲԲС֮£һˣ׻ҲԼ棬Ҳʶ
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ŷ˳һЦŶ˵벻˺Ȼ˶μңԳϷģվһԿţҵΪҶӱģ


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ǺǣǺãҪעһ£ӵؼ似һ似һ似һ似ͷųâҪעһġ
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ֻǰ׵ĸâǸâȻӲġǼ䣬ڻһɼǵ˺ۣȴҪңֱۣӲնϡ
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ڹŷ׳ھڻҰ½ʵˡ
żٽԼĻԼеն̺Ӵ̵ùŷƤۡʱŷ嶯ˡ
˵ԼʵʹٶȿǱĻǹŷ켶似ǿʹһ
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ǴС󶼱˵ȼϵӴ࣬Զ޷ԽĹ˲ŹŷܿһδιֻʣĿɿڴ
˵һӵŸ߼似սʤһûи߼似ߵĻȫԽܣΪⲢϡ棬ӡ
˵һսʤһ߽ߵĻǴǶˡ
ΪȽһ׿似⻹⣬Ƚ׵ĻǾͲ似ˣ߽ףȫĵȽѹƣǱϣǷӦٶȻ߸йٵȵϣԲ似ֲЩȱݵġ
ǰأ׶԰˽ף
Ȼ˵ŷֻһζǱܣҲǵȽװ
⡭Ѿȫ׻ԼԵⷶΧ


70 
ƴܵĹŷû˼ȥ׻ԼģΪڸղţܵ˵һơ
ղţŷһ㲻ͱͷųһСâ˺󱳣ҺõԼа˼лƤףȻûֵػ˽Դ޽ëĻƤҲô׾ͱһ˺ѵġ
ŷҲǿöһڣһһѪ³ȴŷҧָȥ
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ͻŷٴͷųԼЩҪʱõģڱϣ˹ŷֻܶ㣬㣬㣡
ڹŷֱٴ߰˵Ѫ۵˺֮󣬹ŷƺڿʼӦ̶ֳȵĹ
ȻЩǱѾ㿪ʮûˡ
ĵҶ޷ˣѵ𣿡
ŷְȫĶһ֮󣬺ȻһЦȻҪ˵Ļ󳰷
µڣŷ֪ԽϵþãԼԽǲǹŷͳԼķŭʹ¶ԼĻˡ
ԼĻԽԽû·ˣŷ岻۾һ˼׸ֶͣ㻹˽׸أҲ׶ѣ˽ףҶɱˣҿ㻹Լˣ㲻ӶˣѵͲ¸Ӷˣ
ŷȻ֪Լļ׾ӣŷűһӻ𣬿ҪĻԲô֪࣬ԼûڼҲ϶ܲˡ
˽׶սףȴþ޷ɱ˵ɱˣھ½Ƕ޷ˣ˵ȥˡ
⣬̫ˣ
СӣԼ
Ȼûƽʱ侲˵˭һԱû˿Żã˿ˣ˻Լ˵Ļһ˵ȥԶ˰̣Զ޷̧ͷ
һ뵽еŭ˲תΪ񣬻Ҳĵȫ߷նĵ˸ҫ۹âֻһǣһҵĵâγˣһ·ɨֱնŷ塣
ŷʯϣʱǰδеϾ
ӣ϶ǲӵģ˵ܲӵõӵǻһͻԲԼκδϢĻᡣڿֻƴȫһˡ
ʯ֮䣬ЩͷȫڹŷԺ֮һۼâŷ岻ԥæ߶˲˫֮ϣһһҵĸâҲͬʱŷֻʣһҵľĵâһ
ɲǼ䣬âʢһԲεĹ˲䱩ǣȻըʯ裬ƮҵƶŹŷͬߵķһ㣬ֱȥ
ڿеĹŷ壬Ѿ˺üں޵ѪҲǿҵ˿˿ѿ
ղŵĹһĻܣڹŷѾ顣
ôǿһ飬Ҳֻ·һˡ
ǣʮƷʦҩûʲôҩҽΡʮƷʦҩڣҰ½ҩʦҲƷȶѡ
ոһڵϣ˼֮ǹƾɢȥ
ŷһܵԼڵΣ룬ӻͳһƿԼƵƷеҩһƿҩȥ󣬹ŷæ׵ҩҺ򿪣ͿĨλ
ҩҩЧһһɱʾʹȫŷƣŵԻת
һŷ죬˫ֳŵأվһĿ࿴Լ׻ԼһۣתĿ⣬һͬŵĻһۣ΢΢˵
˽׸ֹȻ鴫ѽƴȫһͰ׵СӸˣ˽׸ֹȻޱȰ
ŷİƴȫԼ׺ּˣ˵þһԵĶԣɫѿޱȣŷһ仰ѶԶ˽ȥǾ͸˵ֱӶֵĻˡ
ŷô˵ʵֻΪ˼󣬻һԭ
˵仰ܹžҲæˣΪ˽׶ףȫһɱˣȷǺܶ˵ġ
˽׸ֵĻɱ˹ŷ壬Ҳûˡ
ңͬɱԼҲǲͬģΪϵ˽׸ֵ⡣
ò˵ŷڼ侲µƵȷǺ׼ȷֻɫΪѿվһԣûҪǰæ׼ֻĶŹŷ壬̺ɱ⣬СèСܹó
ŷɲ⣬ֻҪæһж˵
Ȼ˵ŷƺ׼ȷȴһ㣬ղŻԼսʱΪΪԼɱŷ壬ԲûгֻڣȴǷȥùŷƤӲһڿԼĴȻΣޱȡ
ƽʱĻ˵һֻԴ߽ԴޣŷҲͲ̫⡣ڵǣһֻԴϵһ˽׸֣вɲһһôˣһãŷܾͻӴ䡣
ȻѾ㾳أŷҲûκΰ취ֻտʼļƻˡ
٣˽׸簡һ׵ı
ŷװûϵֻףҲˣɣ׵ŭɣ
ŷ״ƿȴ侲ÿ£ָŻЦż
ǣλȻɱŷĻＤŤȴû˶£ڶսٻɱ˹ŷĻͽᱻ˸Ц
ˣҲֻкڱ棬ŷս
Լɱŷ壬ܱȵڶսɱ˹ŷҪǿɣܻܹһġ뵽
һŷǿӼӼĻѪɶٳţ˫ٴγѪɫŭһ߶µıŷ˹ȥ
ŷ忴ųĻ󣬸𽥻ָԼƽޱȡ
ᣡֻҪһᣡҾܹɱ˽ˣ
ŷһе˼£һ֮䣬ԭʧȻ򻪴ӭȥ
Сӣȸ˿ȥɣ
ŷȻԼô𣬻նһ׵âŹŷն˹ȥ
ƽʱһ㶼ֻͷųһĵâڹŷʵļŭ˱ģȻ־ȫһȻڵıʱĵ֮һ˵ǼΪΣյģ˻ȴǹܲôˣֻɱŷ壡
ͷųâŷǲ¶Ц⡣
ôԶľ룬Ȼͷų˵â׷ΧΪѹʶˣıԼŪˣԼĿľҪﵽˣ
׷ΧڣŷͲܹùһȴǸʮԶ켶ǱܹùȥǾ͸˵ŷˡ


71 
һŷɵıܿһŷֱܿˣû˿侲֮ɫһ׵âȴֱŷ˿ȥ
Ȼŷɹıܿ߶űҲ˹ŷǰȻԴޣٶȴһҲŷܸоֻɢ˿˿⡣
ŷ̧ͷһֻȻǷ񣬵ȴɫ԰ס
ŷ֪ǰһսĺ͸ղŵȫڵıѾҪӽݽˣùŷ岻һϲ
ԼĿĿҪﵽˣ
ŷҪĵڵбȻٳ䲻ͻ򣬰ѻʵ˲ѹƵ߽ףԼıûĶ٣ֱͷųǷնĻ㻪Ϊ˽ߣҲ޷ӲסԼĹˣ
Сӣɣ
ڵıȻҪˣȴͷųһǵâʵôˣͬ׸ֶܹܿοֻ׵Ĺŷ壿
ôľ룬ֻԻкôǰһսʱȻŷ뻪ǽսڵ뻹Ҫʱڱ㣬˹ŷһֱڵȴᣬȴڱȫĴһᣡ
ŷ忴ŻȻϲȴΪͷųһʱ԰׵ɫǲɻһЦ⡣Ǳôãڸϳˣ
ŷһֱûй֪ԼĹɱ˻һԭһԭ򣬾Ϊ˴洢軪һ
ôˣһڵıҲĴˣŷ岻ԥ˲ͷŶҲͬʱ֣âҲɲǼӹŷӳ˫ֱںϣûг򻪴ͷųĵâֱӳɫ˲Ļ
ôҲû뵽ŷȻʱ򹥻Լңղͷųˡ
򣿣
ǣףôͷų򣿣
ЩҲûˣԼѹƵ߽ĩڵʵٿһװ˳ȵĸâٸоԼʣ޼ᶼ᲻ı
ΪҪɱŷ¶ϲԼѪı飬ɲǼüѿɲǼ˾壬ֱģ
ǰ˽׸֣Ҳ޷ڱĴӦԹŷһǸâǿôҲ޷ֿסһġ
гľңŷͷųһǸâʱһ㱾Ҳͷ˳ܣԼһ޷ɱɣ
Ҳãˣٲȥ˵ĳЦ뼥˽׶ףûɱԼҲҪ⣬ֱ⻹Ҫ衣
ˣҲͽˡ
̣֮ϼȻֳ˽֮ɫı˫ۣƺڵȴһĵ
򣿣
һ޷ŵĴһ𣬡ãΣգ
ۿҪɥڴˣҲ˲ʲô棬е£Ż˹ȥ
ǣŷ崦ĻǵһôûаѶȥأ
뻪սʱ򣬹ŷǸԶķŲڹŷʵĶԼ׻Ҳûע⵽ŷС
ڣŷ뻪Ľսȴʮ׵ľˣֻܶҪʱͿԸϵˡŷͷŵâȴѾҪˡ
ǧһ֮ʣµȴǷӳãȻڸâҪ򵽻ʱֱֱӲΪһ
ϾֻһֻĩڵԴޣôֵܵסԿȰ˽׸ȫһĸâأâ˲䴩͸ĺ˻
˱εֵâȴǼֻ࣬ʣ²׵ĴСˣشɱȴѾˡ
ʩ˸âĹŷȴûע⵽һ㣬ΪոʩųâĵâҲ˹ײԼıϣŷȴǷлƤע뱾ֵסһ
лƤ׿Եֵס˽׸ȫһȻûڹŷڱҪ֮ʱǵâҲڱ㱾ֵֵɢ˿֮УΪΪԭʼı
ŷ壬ҲΪע뱾ȫˣҲΪû˱֧ɢˣŷ崭ŴоԴһΣҲֲ֧㣬ֱ㶵ȥ
лʹȥֻǸо̫ˣ̫ƣˡԴӳŷ廹ǵһθоôƣġ
ϣϵ˫ѹʹùŷʱ·һָ޷ˡ
ŤͷȥŷҲԼһûɱֻΪ˶˹ȥŷ忴һɱĶŽԼʱĲɳ˹ȵס
ѵҹŷһҵΣҵ۷ΣѵӴ˾Ե
Ҳʰ
ŷг˲֮ɫԼһµûˣֻĿɱĶŻƱԼƱ̤ŵͺĵʱ
Դ˿ɻڲŵ״̬С
׶԰˽ףȻһͰǸ˽׵ɱˣ˽װǿף
ңȻû߽ףӵ߽ϵ߲е
Ӿɱˣ̫ˣʣ̫ľ츳̫˵Ѵϣ¼󣬽Ƕμҵ֮գ
һ뵽ļɵ֮⣬Ҫɱŷľġ
Źıɱģ
Գϣɱɱ
Եı׻־˻˿̵˶ԹŷʵĿ־壬Լģʡ
ѾһٶˣȻҰ½ϲ޾ȣֻһ꣬ǣʵȴֻĽڶѡ
ûŷǰ绪֮Ů⣬ͬУ˵ǺŵˣĸʻΪǰʱ俴ͻƵĽڣһֻѩ
ҲΪԼʽѣһֱΪϣ֮⣬֮ˡ
ڽ죬ڸղţ뷨ȫȫˡ
䲻ԼСʵԼǿȻѾ׳ڵΪˣг˼֮⡣
ǣˣڸղţȻһͻɱһ˽ߣ
ʱǻбĻܡѾŷɱˣ
ɱ˽ףҰ½ʷϺй
˵ǿʷ
˵ǳ׵˶ȼϵѹƾ޷սʤ
⣬Ѿˡܣֻܹ
ΪʲôΪʲôҰ½ϼȻг֮Ůݺ֮ţ
УҪɱҰ½ϲٳˣҽŹ⻷Ҫ˶ȥ
Բܹ
׻˻𣬱ӢϲԼĶʼɣһӽŷĶԣٿŵڵϲܶĹŷ壬г˷Ŀ⡣


72 ɷ
Сӣ־ֻ츳̫ڿˣұɱɡ
ŻƱ߼ӸµĿŹŷ壬ɱ˵
ŷûлشֻϷʵЦЦԼ츳ԣѾԴֵУƴɱ
һģû취¸ղѾ˻ˣͬ˳ǶμңǶμҲˡԡ
ûŷеϷĿ⣬ԹԵ˵ϵɱȴԽԽŨԣɣ
һȻȫһĵâĽâ˹ŷ壬ŷ忴Ľâȴֻƽû˿η塣
Դ̤֮󣬾֪Լпܻôһ졣
ֻȴû뵽ôˡ
׷۷·ȥȴҪڹżҵԶǿ
ڡ
âͬһ˹ŷ壬ŷܹоâɢǿ˿ĹΡ
ۿҪ̴ŷͷ­ˣȻ֮䣬һ㱡ɫȴǵ˹ŷǰ档
Ȼֺܱܱ˿ȴһʵıһ㣬ж׶Ľâ֣û˿ֻ˵ϵĻҡ˼£ͳ׵ɢˡ
ͻı仯˶㶡
رǹŷ壬Ͳ֪ʲô飬ֻ֪־Բŵġ
Ϊ˵ûͷųˣͷţҲûּ͡
ǣ˭ŵأ
ѵڰԼ
ڻƱϵĶԣԼĹȻľ͵Ϊǹŷ廹ʲôĶһŷͬɻ飬֪
Ǽ֮⣬ûб˰
ң֣ûоŽʵǾ޷ֵԼȫһģ˭ڰأѵ˵˵ʦ
һ뵽Ե϶ʱһ䣬ŽʵЩҲԲ׵
ŽףѾǻҰ½ʵˣû˻׵ĵһˡ
ǶμңʮˣҲûгֹһŽʵߣһŽʵߣȫƾһ֮Ƕμֱ
˭ѵ˵ʦĸ϶ˣҲֻЩǿߣпŷŰɣ
ɫ䣬ȴҲҹŷˣԼĹ᳹׵ļŭǸŽǿߣǶμҾͿ˵군ˡ
ŽɨѰŸղΪŷֵԼһˡ
Ҳûȶãһ˻ƱһԶǰ˽׵ʵҲǲһиǾʧ룬͸¶޾ɱˣɱɱˡ
벻ŷıȻվôһǿߣǶμң鷳ˡ
٣˽ף߽ףһֻ߽ԴһֻԴȻһСССӲһͻɱһ˽ף߽ף⻹ɱһֻԴޣҲ
һ˫ۣݵ˺Ȼһݴ˳ֳɴЦ˻ƵЦǼһƬݵء
˭ȻҾˣѵ㲻֪˭ҿ۹£𣿣
׻ܻȻȻͻȻ֣վŲйɾɱˣһ뵽Լ۹Ķ£Сţû¹˭
ۿŷҪӴʧȴ˲˹ŷ壬ԳԼɴ
ֻҪԼԼţǲٵԼˡ
ȴ֪Եģôһˡ
ɷŤͷŵ˫ۺȻⱬɱͬʵһֱ׻ŶǺǣȻǳţ»˺˵㲻
ɷɵû˿˵ԺҹܲţҹܶˣҪɱĻǾԿ
׻һԼĸʣ۹۾˾Ȼҿڳԣô˵ҸʣѵĳĴ
׻ȻǸ竣ȴһɵӣ˸ô˵ʣ϶̵ģвɳһʵʰɱ⣬ͲĴһһһƨ˵ϡ
ȻûɱŷĲʣ˵Ļֻǽ챣סŷˣԺԼҲûٴνɱŷĻᣬڷԼȥգŭ˶»ɱԼǾ̫ԩˡ
ǺãȻǰ˵ֻˣǽҾͷŹСӡδǰţ
׻ҧҧݺݵģʵĿ˹ŷһۺʵ
ɱɷ
ɷƺ˵޾ɣ˵ĻȴöԼ׻ڵϵĹŷɫ䡣
ɱɷ
̶ĸ֣һ֯һţȴûҰ½˶ŷɥǴλɱɽŽ׳ֻɱ֯һ¼ˣ⻹ΰɱ˽׸֣߽׸ֵ¼Ҳɱ֯˶µԭ
ԭԭ죬ɷǰңҵߣߡ
˵Ĳ׻ˣΪ׻˿ѾŵÿҪˡ
Ȼ۹Һܴ󣬵˿ɷɱ۹ҲԲΪɷģɷľɱɱ۹ͽް֮ˡ
˵꣬Ͱ˵Ļ˷׷ױԴϣȻʹĲʣȴη׻Ҵȥˡ
ǽȥıӰŷȴû˶ɣ֪ɷΪʲôͻȻֱסԼŷɲΪɷǺȻĲžԼġ
ңڸղһɷʱȷϴڽǧԪҩǸˡ
ѵ֪ǸҩԼƵģҪԼ뵽ɱ֯ĻԼҪҪأ
ŷ뷨ǧȴû˿ȻſŰ˫ۣ·Զ޾ģɷ뿴Ҫʲô
ɣڵϺ
ɷ˻Ƶģ𣬿ڵϵĹŷ˵
ŷпЦԼոջָһ㱾ͱˣɷĻֻйԹԵվɷһ֣˵ллɷǰľ֮
ҿɲװ׾ˣҿҪҰµġ
ʵȷǺܲȻΪûǸСѾͷߣȴʵͲһɱ˽׸֣Ȼ˼ƲߣƲҲʵһ֣ܾʵ׶εʱҲ޷ôáܲ
ɷе˫ȤĿŹŷ壬֪ûȤɷһΪͽһ;ָ㣬ɱϴλã˵Ҳġ
ϤɷԱߵĻɷĻӶҪɳ
Ҫ֪ɷǼټٿһ˵ģжֻǲѡ
ȴ޹ŷ˵ʺֻܲǶһ֣һ֣ȴùŷпʻҪҪ˵ȥ¹ŷ֮ᴫҰ½ˡ
ңҪչŷΪͽɷ۹Ǹߵúܵġ֪жҪ£ȴ۶Ƶģȴ˵ҪչŷΪͽ
ˣ˵Ҫɱϴλôŷ塣Ȼŷе츳ȷǷͬһ㡣


73 ʦ
Ϊͽŷһ⻰˵Ǽٵġ
ӳΪ߿ʼŷһֻһ˶кܶطǽŷһʦָĻڹŷ廹ֹڵ磡
ǣŷȴԼ׷۷·˿üͷ󣬲ʵɷǰȻͽ˶֮õģҲ⣬ȴκεԼֻ׷ҵ۷塣ˣСֻлл̧ˡ
ŷĻɷû¶˿е˫һ㣬е͸Ũˡ
ɷµ˲Ų֪ȴԼһͽȴܾˡ
Сӵǿ֮ĵǼ͵úܣɱϴջͽܵջ󶼿Ծܾӣز۵Ļؿһɳ죡
뵽ɷҪչŷΪͽˣʵ̵ܹһǿߵͽҲǴйİҲǴгɾ͸еİ
Ǻǣ˵ɷͽܾͱɱ𣿡
ɷѵõЦЦ͵ĿŹŷ˵
ŷһ㶣ɷ˼ԼԳΪɷͽܣԲܵκԼ
ʦϣͽһݣ
Ūɷ˼ǹŷǰ׻ˣԥŷļ˷ܵĹڵϣͶɷһʦ
úúãɷĵһͽܣҲҵһͽܣϣ㲻Ҫʧ
ɷŷ˹ϣɶˣҲû޾ɵģЦݵķŷ˵
ǣͽʦʧ
ŷҲǲϲЦ⣬˵
ŷ嵽ڶЩ㱣ôҲû뵽תۼԼͳ˾Ž׸ֵͽܣһ˶֮ɥɱϴɷ
ǰǹŷ붼飬ڣȴʵʵڵķˡ
ãã
ɷŹŷļЦһ󣬺ȻʵͽǲǺ۹г𣿸ղЩ˶۹׷ɱģ
ŷûѣʵشǵģղ׷ɱҵ˲ȫ۹ҵˣղǸ˽׸ǶμҵĴϣ֮ǰһɱǶμҵĶӡ

ɷȵĿŹŷ壬κͶμҶӽκ۹ҽͳͳ˵
ŷ˵ͷǾͰԼʯκͶκͶαμ׷ɱ׷ɱɱٰԼڽ׻о鶼һһʮ˵˳û˿
˵󣬹ŷȴɷƺԶΪĳ¶գ˿ȴĿĿԼ·ڿһһ㡣
ʦʦ
ŷɻĿɷյ亰
㣬˵˵֮򣿣
ɷȻһŵùŷһ飬һɷĻ˵ͷˡ
ԼȻѾɷΪʦˣԼ֮ҲûҪˣ˹ŷڸղŵ˵о˵˳ȴû뵽ɷķӦȻ֮
죬֮򣡣
ɷĿɿڴĿŹŷ壬ȻһЦû뵽ҼȻһ֮ͽܣ뿴ЩԳͽܶⲻѵϼһ֪ʲôˣ»ĽӼɣ
ŷؿͻȻЦʦһʱ֮ЩôҲû뵽紫öôô£ôôɱݵɷȻһ棬ԼǴ۽硣
ʵҲܹɷ̫ʧ̬⻹Ҫ˵ŷ̫ˡҪ֪ζû֮򣬶ŷȴˣѾܹȫ˵ŷ彫ĳɾ;ԲΡ
ټһЩѡÿζҫԼͽܶôôʴӱôô츳Щͽȴû֮뵽ɷܻЩϼһɫжôѿˣ
ʵλʵѾܹǵȤˡѾǵʱȸԵʵǿˣǸΪʱԼͽʵǿ
ԼͽܱȶԷĳڣǲ˵ԼʦԼʵҪȶԷǿ
ˣЩŽ׸ǣͽܣͽܵȳιŷҲãĻɷһӶͽ
ҵĹͽ˵㻹һҩʦ
˷һ֮ɷתͷŹŷʵ
ǵģƷеȡ
ŷش
Ʒеȣüһɷһ˲õͽܰ
ɷһΪŷֻƷȣȴû뵽ȻƷеȣֻһȼҩȴ˲֪Զ
˵Ʒȵҩ߽ôһЧĻƷеȵҩѾ߽ߵҩˣ߽Ѿڸ߼ˣһҩǸûЧɼеҩЧࡣ
Ŷˣոʹõģ켶似
ɷɫͻȻȫû˰˯ѵӣо˸Źŷʵ
ŷо죬Ž׸ֹȻǾŽ׸֣һ۾ͿԼղʹõʲôȼ似ŷ忴ɷȻ࣬ȴû˿̰ɱùŷвһɣ۲Լ似
ǵģѧ켶似ֱǼࡶࡶ츫ࡶ䡷
ԼѧЩ似ڱ˿Ҳ϶ᱻ˷ֵģ˹ŷʵش𵽡
ŷȴûа߱Ҳ˵Ͼ˶Լܡ
˵ɷȻڸղŲû¶̰֪֪治֪ģŷ岢ԼȫгϾǲʶ˲СʱͲ֪ɷΪ˵ΣҲ֪ǲԼΪͽ

ɷٴξˣǽǧʧ̬һΣǴѧģ˵汲ģ
˵仰ɷæ˵Ŷ㲻˵ûϵֻʶѡ
ǺǣЩһԵɺµõġҵҩʦҲǴλԵ³Ϊġ
ŷЦЦش
ŷһͶϾɷԼôΪҩʦģŷ岻ƭɷ̫࣬Ҳ˵̫ʵ
˵ŷ⻰û˵٣ԼȷǻԵɺ֮µõؼͳΪҩʦ
Сӵǡ
ɷһβסĽת˵ͽ켶似ǻҰ½˶ģܹɱ߽ˣʵȴȻ
ȻߵĻŽ׸ֶ޷˺㣬Ҳ޷ʱʱ̶̿߱㡣ˣʵδ֮ǰ켶似֪ܲͲҪ֪㽫ɱ֮ǧǣ
ŷɷĻвһůԼС󣬻ǵһα˹ġ
Ȼ˵ɷֻʶ˲СʱŷȴܹоɷԼĹĵȷʵģûаֵͼ棬ֹĵĸоڹŷԣǴûġ
֪ʦзִ硣
ŷæ˵ͷĴӻͳ似ɷ˵ʦѧ켶似ȥɣ
ŷһó似ɷвɻһ˿ϲȷǺӹѧϰȴӲѹסˣɲԼͽΪԼΪ⼸켶似Ϊͽġ
ˣԼѧһ켶似⼸켶似պðɣǧκ˿ˣ
ɷҡҡͷο˵
ŷܹ켶似óԼѧϰɼҲȷԼʦΪʦģͽ⣬ûбӿĵˡ


74 
ʦ֪ǲΪͽΪ켶似ģ֪ʦΪͽģԣʦ°ɣ
ŷɷеɫһЦ˵
⡭
˵ʵ켶似ֿ̧ɵã˭ĶɷֻǲùŷԼͼˣŷ˵ҲЩ⶯ˡ
ǣҾⱾ似ɡ似ˣҲѧĹ似ȱֻ似ѡ
ɷܲȻĴӹŷгǱ䡷Ρ
˰ʦʦԼͽԼǵûͽܶͽԼҪ˵ȥԼɾûطˡ
Ǹȿȡ
ɷ׼˵͹ŷһ߼ģȴÿ˹ŷ˫Լбҵ޼ṭ
۹⣬Ȼ֪ŷʹõʲôȼߵĻӲĿסˣֻпԼΡ
ԼʹõҲֻǰ˼ѣ߼Ѿļޣûи߼͸ŷ壬룬ԼƺҲûĶ͸Լͽܵġ
ҩԼҩʦ
ԴңԼͽܾǴԪҩͺ׬˺üԴ
似Ҳۡ
ȥɷû͹ŷʲôĺãԽԽˡ
ɷɫŷôܻ벻ôģһЦ˵ʦܹϽ̵ңѾ͸ҵˣԣͲ̫ˡ
ǣðɡ
ɷεҡҡͷԼʦûңܹյŷͽܣԼȷһ
˵Ʒҩʦݣ˵֮ԣ˵Ƿ³ȹϵԣԼԴԼǷеТģͱʾԼûпˡ
ͽİɣǸʲôμңھͿȥ𿩣۹ңֻܹ˰Ǹ׻ĸˡ
Ͼɱ֯ңҲֻŽ׸ֶѣЩǧĳÿҶϵľŽ׸֣ЩɱԿġ
ǺɱԭҲֻΪɱİɱֶθ涷ƴԪ˵ĻɱҲǵֵסġ
ȻȷʦͽϵͽѣʦôܿŲܣ۹ֳȷɱԱģɷû˵
ÿŽ׸֣̣ȷۺޱȡ
ŷоȵ뵽˵ʦԼĳԼһʦʱȲҪͽ˵ȥΪĥԼ
Ŷ
ɷȵĿŹŷ壬˵ǼΣյģһŪþͻᶪ
һŷеļᶨĿ⣬֪˹ŷĴ𰸡
ԼͽͣȴǸӵŨˡ
ԼĳԼԷǸȻҲ޾壡
⣬ԼղµͽԼôһͽܣԣţ
侲Ը񣬼͹ϵԣΪ˱ǿηǿ߲еţټ֮ʣԼͽܣ󵽵׽ɳ־أ
ŽףʮףȻ޷ơ
Կ϶ǣԲʦĵ;ˡ
ʱվŵĹŷͻȻһ˿ϲûʱȥɷˣֱϥȫΧ
ɷһ㶣Χıȫһӿŷ壬ʱӦ˹ԭԼͽܣҪͻˣ
Լͽܸղŵ˵ʯκͶʱ򣬲ֻΪŶ̶̼µʱ䣬ֱͻƵ׳ڣھȻҪͻˣÿ츳ŵɷסΪŷʶޡ
ٶȣռǸСѾͷûйɷ֪ŷӳΪ߿ʼڵΪ̶ֻʱĻ֪᲻ᾪӶ
ٿŷ壬ΪղŵǷսȻһһˣŷõĺôȴ޷ġ
ǰòͻƵ׵ʵھȻҪͻˣɴ˿ɼ֮ĥ£ǶôΪˡ
⻹Ҫ˾ġ
ȷ˵һʼ˾ԵĥµĻҲûжôߣ˵ϰ궼޷һ㡣
ŷȴΪҩͻʱٴųʣߵԣټҩ︨ŵ˹ŷǰٶȡ
⼸ȱһĻŷ嶼ôˡ
ŷϥ˫ۣȫؼıģʵȻȻľͻƵڣձٶҲٻֹͣڵΪ
ŷ˫ۣǰ˫вɻһ˿˷ܣÿͻƣԤʾԼĿһ
ڣѾֵͨУǹŷ峤ǸżңҲĩڵΪѡ
ƹСĻŷܹԼˣֻŷûǸ˼ˡ
ͽʵ־һ
ŷͻϣɷ˻ƵҲȻ˻Ƶܱ䣬̶ܴŷȴܹʵʵڵĸоΪԼͻƶˡ
ʦʼ˵£֪ʲôأǲҪҰæҩ
ŷվӶ˼¸첲оȵ̧ͷʵ
ţͽˣҩͲҪæˣȥҩʦһġҪ񣬾Լʵ
Ҹ㣬ʮ֮󣬻Ұ½һУǸŽ׸ְõģԲԼͽܵʵһҪʮ֮Ĳϸõһѧ켶似Լӵ룬øһûʲôġ
ɷ˶٣̲סеĺ棬Ȼ֪ǹŷܣ̲סʵͽղǸ˽ڶսʱͻȻͷųףô쵽ģ
ŷ΢΢һЦ֪ɷԼ⣬Ҳûʵ˵֮ʱġ
֮ǾͿԽˡ
ɷȻ򣬡֮һֱǻҰ½߰ص⾳˭Ҳ޷˵ܹ֮ʲôô߽֮ǰܹҲ˵ùȥˡ
ʦǸУҷҪμ𣿡
ŷǸʲôиûʲôȤȤȫԼʵϡ
Ϊʲôõһµ飡
ʵɷһû͹ŷ˵ŷõһʦҲйⰡңЩϼһǰҫҫһѾൽµ˵һǳ˵顣
⣬ðɡ
ŷ˱죬£ûʲôȤɷĻҲֻܾεĵͷӦˡ漴һ룬ܹʮͻҰ½ϸ֮֮ŮսһҲ
ͽܣ𲻸ȤҺ˵սĵһĺôǼΪġ
ɷԼǸµͷҲûŷľͷɼƻ󵽡
ʲô
ŷһʡ
ǾǿԻһϪҩϪרһƷҩĻᣡôḻɣҪ֪ǾŽߣƷҩҲ۲ѽ


75 ֽ
ϪҩϪ
ŷһ㶣ֿ˵׹˲֪˲
½ΨһһλƷҩʦҩʦϪƵҩЩŽ׸Ҳ۲ѡ
ϪȴǱɽϯҩʦƵҩҲǱɽڲáˣЩ߳ǿߺҪϪƵҩҲû˿취
ڱɽΪ󳬼֮ףž󲿷ֵĹͶҪϪΪϪƵҩʹɽŽ׸ֵ
ĳʵƱԼռҼľŽҲֻǱȱɽһѡ
ϪϪҩƺŵҪȴҩʦͻƵƷ˵
еҩʦֻҪͻƵƷ󣬾ܹԼڵı뵽ҩһˣⲻԴҩĳɹʣҩЧܹһ
ÿһλͻƵƷҩʦڵһƷҩʱҩ湹һԼͼ
ӴԺ󣬲ҪҩʦԼȥĹͼˣֻҪƷϵҩһιǷͼͻҩȻȻɣԶ޷ġ
ͼҲ͵ҩʦһ㣬ͺñϪҩϪƵҩ湹ŵһʵСϪҲϪҩƺŵ
ϪҩҩƺţҲֻΪϪǻҰ½Ʒҩʦԭ򣬷ֻҩʦҩʦʦҩʦûôҩ
ͽôѵ㶼Ķ
ɷŷþû˵ɻʵ
ȻԼͽҲһҩʦһּҩʦ꣬Ʒеҩʦˡ
Լͽ츳ƷҩҲƳİֻҪǱӦûϲİôûʲôӦһ㣿
֪ǣƷҩʦڹŷиͲʲô
˵ԼһƷߵȴʦҩʦıҩĵã˵Լҩ츳ͱԼ츳Ҫ졣
ΪԼûʱȥҩѾƷеȣԼЩҩʦҩҩĻԼҩʦȼѾͻƵƷˡ
ԲǹŷԴҩĶøͲóҩռ䣬һƷߵȴʦҩʦıĵãԼģÿһ¯ҩһߵ츳ʱ䵽Ʒ⻹ٵˣ
Щŷ嶼ɷ˵ɷĻ󣬹ŷҡҡͷûֱӻشɷĻʦͷİɣʮ֮һμǸʲôеġǸһֻҪڣ˿ᣡ
ɷһŷ⻰ƿԴ󣬵ȴӹŷпţǿߵš
ȷԼľԻʤĶûУôܻʤ
ãããɷȻûմͽܣãҾ͵ȴһĵ
ɷãŹŷļ˵ɼжԹŷ̶ȡ
ʦеʱ䣬Ҿ͸ҩȥɡҩʦÿɲͣͽܿƵŶҪ׼ҩġ
ŷűɷĴԼʱʹ죬˵
ȻԼҩռҩǹŷصˣܣŷɲ˵ȥ
ǺãھȻݳǣݳ˵
ȻԼͽܶô˵ˣɷҲ͵ͷӦȷŷ˵ȥҩʦĻþԲƣʣԴùŷƼס
˵꣬ɷͺȻһֻ֣һֻ˽ĩԴ޵ܼȻƾճ˹ŷǰŷŵһ飬˲˫ɷһЦ⣬ֻ֪Դˡ
ǣֻԴôͻȻģѵ˵ʦҲһҩľŷľɵ뵽
Ǻǣʲô
ɷŷ循ȵĿֻͻȻֵĵܣϲһĨ⣬Լ֣˵
ŷɻȥȴɷָϴһöָȹŷ˵ɷͽ͵ֽ䣬һֽʯʯͷɵģһʯͷָ׸ǴСһ飬ֻҪעһ˿ͿԴһӴСĶ
ôɣ޼֮Ǯ򲻵ģ
ŷĵһЦʦ֪ԼҩռԴɰǧӣ֪ˡ
ŷû˵ɷúһԼİɣǾ͵˵ͷҲϵװĽģ
ɣʵĵزȥҲһڣ㻹ŬԼʵɣˣҲûа취סԼҲɱ֮
ɷһЦԼ˵ܱȽϿıȥŹŷһ֣˵
ŷЦЦ׼ܵı£ȴͻȻԼһ澡ǾζȻǲùŷҲԼıϡ
Դ޺һֻϷǿߣȻŷʵûеǿ߾磬ɷһ󣬻ǰ
ʦֻԼİ
ŷ룬Ҳԣֻܹ׵ģ߽ϵԴѾȫȫӵ˲ǻۣ˽ǾҲԲᶪʧԼϣȥԼС
ŷ⻹ǵһγԴ˵ʵָоĺܰ
оŶߺľ磬Ųϵ˵ķ羰к쳤ĳ嶯ǹŷ忴ϰ˽µԴĻѾһֻԼԴˡ
˽ĩԴڵıǼΪģ߽ϵԴ޵ٶȾԲ˵ؼ似ͬټ·ϸûе飬ֻǲһʱ䣬ɷŷݳǡ
յݳһﴦɷͰѵսֽ䣬ȻǲעĿԭ
ͽ֪ǸԪҩҪһЩʲôҩģھͰȥ򡣡
ɷŷùһ䷿ʵ
ɱ֯鲼Ұ½ǣƹпɱ˴ڣοݳôһС
ʦѾƷеҩʦˣƱԪҩӸ߼ҩ֪ʦ費Ҫ֣
ŷʵ
ʲô㣬㻹и߼ҩһ׵ǿʵģ
զһŷ⻰ɷǵɿǰе˫ۣ˻Ʊг˲ŵʵ
˵ŷһԪҩҩɷôȵĻˡ
˵ƷƷģ˵ƷǿʵҩЩҲýֻҪһ֣Ǿͻ뾡һа취ãԼм
ɷȴôҲû뵽ŷ岻ӵһƷҩҩһƷеȵģмľȣ̲סʵͽôӵôҩ
ŷ˵仰ʱѾ˵ǣ˵ǴλԵɺϡ
̶֣ɷʱˡ
ϸͲȱˡڵҩϪҲΪһŴһͨͨˣһֱߵ˽زġ
˶ڹŷ廰ɷͲֻи̾Լͽܵʵ̫˵㣡


76 
ǵȻǸˣҵĹͽ˵˵ҪЩʲôɷŷĽͺдϲ˵
ҩһȼͿԼ֯Ϻü˽ߣ⵱Ȼõˣɷôȥܾ
ǺãҪһƷҩȻǹȹ޺ݡܾŷȻɷǾ䡮ҵĹͽƤһȴûж˵ֻεھͱ˼ҩһҩҲɷǲסһ߶ܹסŽ׸ּϸһ궼õ
û˰ɣûҾȥţˣͽҩɹǶ٣Ҫһף֪ҪٷҩĲŹֻҪûͻƵƷҩʦɹʶǺܵ͵ģɷԼͽ츳ɫһ࣬ɹô˵Ҳ߳ɰɣŷһ仰ȴɷ°ͶҪ
ţųɰɣҩûǰмϣܾ֮Ͳˡ
ɷ͵ĿŹŷ壬ʵΪһɱѪɱ֣ɷǺѵúѵʧ̬ʱģȴû뵽ԼԴ˹ŷͽܿʼʱ䣬Լʧ̬Ҫ֮ǰļǧҪ࣬ҲܹɷҪǹŷĻ̫ںˡ
Ҫ֪ͻƵƷҩʦżĳɹҲᳬ˳ɣûоųɵô˵ĳɹʣȴӹŷƷеҩʦ˵˳ɲɷš
ȻչŷͽܲŲ죬ɷȴ֪ŷǲ˵ûյĻģܹ˵ͱʾаհҩɹʱھųɣԲ˵
ƷоųɵĳɹʣͻƵƷǾųɾˣ
ʵ֪ǣŷ⻰ȻǱ˵ģҩĻǰ¯ȷʧϼ¯ֻҪùŷ˼Σ֮͸ʧˣڹŷĳɹʣѾﵽ˾ųɾţڵȹŷ嵽Ʒ֮ĳɹʻж٣ҲֻеȹŷΪƷҩʦ֪
ɱЧʺܿ죬ֻǲʱ䣬һһʮҩľѾˡŷҪƷҩҲƷġ
ҩƷȻԽԽãŷ嶣ҩɱԱͷ֮⣬֮ڲҪԼ󣬾Ϳʼҩ
ιŷ׼ƵһֽԪҩƷеҩǺƣҩĵŷԼҩ츳Ҫ죬ɷһҩͿƳˡ
ֱҩİڷһöɫԴ֮󣬹ŷͰҩʾʼһһҩģ
һ˽һֻȻɱһףһ㱻˼ɱһѾ׻һ·Ҵҵķ׻ĸۡڣ˿̶һԣ׻ڴд
ɲļ֮⣬ǱΪʮþȵĽɱûлɱŷ壬ûʧһֱֻۣʵһԼʧһ˽׵֣ñĸ׻ܵˣţһ֪ˣ׻ӶԼĸ֪ˣҲԼʧ׻ζ޷ܵģֻʹʡ
£ҲҪ̫⼸λˣҪΪǹŷ̫ڹˣ߽׵Ϊӵ򣬸κһû׼Ҳûİ˽׳ڸֶҪԿңҲұ֤¿԰ȻԵҲǼΪŷ츳ڶμ˵Բһ£Ҫ˵Ϊĵģɱ˹ŷģǶԡ
μȥԴ׷ɱŶʱգʹΪһ·ֱϣڵΪ֮򣬻һ뵽Եоһһ㣬Ϊܡٲɱӣ
ǼΪɱҪлɱаĻᶼûУ̸ʲôɱɱģ
ڵǣǸͲ֪ŷǶμٴҲֻ۹ڣ۹ҵҲ޷쵽˼۹ȥ죬۹ҵҲ׻ָӾָӵöģˣ£Ҫҵŷ壬ڴ롣οҵ˹ŷ壬Ҳ֪Ǹͬɱɷ᲻ߣߵĻŽ׸ֹȥҲ޼¡
ߣѵǰ˽׸ֶôȺ˵ҿҲһ׻һԾȻάˣһŷʵȻǿ󣬲ɸŭգȻͷǶŶһöһһ㶵ģŲ豭Ҳͣ˰УЩ
̫ˣ̫ˣ˷ҲԼжϣ˼ҹŷʵȴöԷֻҪһָͷ԰ˣ㲻и۾ϵʲô⣿⻰Ҳֻ򲻸˵۹ҶԶμңͬŷ׻һ㣬ֻҪһָͷˡ
̣ǿѹеŭһ죬һףȴƽĶ׻˵£ӣѾΪˣһҪȥüᡣ˵꣬Ҳ׻Ŀ⣬˳ȥ
ŷ壬ŷ壬׻ͲӴԺ󲻻۹ˣֻҪˣ׻Ҫιǣ׻ڴ𣬲ȴƺô
ǰ·ϣһһװ˶޳˶ݸƴɱţĵˣȴһ߽׳ڸԼʮߡ
ȺɱսԱ߲Զվһ͹ݺɫۣϲޱ˫۵ˣȻĿɱˣѪɣ೦ʣͷ­ҹѪֳȴƤӶû̧һ£ƺһж˵ƽ
ӣһʮ߾ԵѪУһ͵˵ǰôѪȵɱ֮УĺɫϣȴǵѪûմɸɾˬͺǸոմϵ·һ㡣
ߣô֪˶೤ʱ֪;˷˶ٱѵͲ֪ҪٵĴۣ仰𣿡
ղɱǸ߽ʱȻҪ˼Ҳõߵȹ似似أ켶ģһǸߵȣ켶ģȻǸߵȣڵıֲȶԷ٣ͶԷʱǿһˣ㾹ȻҪܹɱ˼ңɷĭɣǳƮݵƮƮһһһεĹŷϣΪ⡮㡯ǳģŷΪǲǡꡯˡ
УȥʮʱôܴﵽҵԤĿꣿѵŹŷɷȻɫһ䣬޾ɵɫͻȻþһӣֻžһƬƵö͵ϣȻ˽ȥùŷһզࡣ
ʲôȻôأ˽ȥҪ˵ϣ¾߽ߣñҵ˰ɣ
صĽ𣬾ô㣬мǧԺҴһսҲã˯Ҳգϴ⣬ʱ䶼׼жݳר˸Ƶģôܾϲɣ


77 
ɷһĿŹŷ壬뿴ŷԼĻѿɫȴʧˣǺʧ
ǧأŷһ㶣۾һǶ壬ʵĺöԼҲⶫֽȴǼΪѵãȫмУȴɷȻΪԼһף
ܾϲܾϲ˺þˣҵһ׸أЩʲôĵطûлһֱû뵽ܹϣллʦˣŷͷϲ˵
ϲͺáɷʱҭ˵û뵽Լͽܻǹ̥һȻȥֵͬŰأֻвӲӵЦЦ
Ͼǻ˺üľŽ׸ˣܿ͵˵ͽȻϲ͸Ͽ촩ϰɣһ·̣ʱúõӦһ⵽ʱǿֻŽҵġ
õġŷͷߵ˱һӵԱߣǸʲôֱ۸أؿڸأȲȫ˳ȻѵԼϵĳۣͰЩһһϣʱŷо͵һһ͹˵ϣŷȴҧҧӲվֱ壬Ľţȴɼ֮ء
ʵһΪ֮ҲǱͨǿ˲֪ٱһ߾Ϳ̧𼸰ٽصĶˣοڵĹŷ壿ӽǧȷ˵㣬ҲùŷŲ޷ƶҲֻǴļ˹ŷĸˡ
ҲǹŷɷҪģԽǴҲ˵Խܹ𵽶Լá
ˣȻ㴩ˣھȥӦɣǰһֻԴޣȥɱˡɷָָŷҷ˵
ŷ˵ͷ۴ϣס֮󣬾Ͱɷָķȥƽʱغȴһѧ˻Ƽ߿첻˶٣ùŷһп࣬ٶȥսԴޣֻʹˡ
ˣ׼ʹ򣡡ɷڱ˲˹ŷʹս˼ҧҧһѪսˡ
ŷȴֵͬԲеʽΪַֻʽԼҩܹɳø졣
ΪΣֻм֡
ʮӣιŷֻԴ޾ʮӣҺõǣԹŷǳǿʶḻսԼη˼սʤֻԴޣŷȫҲûһĵطˣȫ˲ʣѪЩ˺ۣŷ嶼ҧ
æһƿҩͿĨһƿҩҺŷƲŵԻѪҲˣ˿ҲҩǿҩЧۿɼٶȻָţŷҲһղһսкüζһ㶪ʧ
սĺôҲǼΪԵģ⽫ǧΪղŵǸսĥϣŷĶҲȸմʱ࣬ҡŷ徹ȻоԼʵһӣȻֻһ㣬ЧҲ̫ˣ˼ҶҪüüŻһԼãһսʮӣ͵ֵ˼Ҽüˡ
ͽҺ˵ٴˣսҪٵĴۻȡ˺ʲôСĴ۸Է˺ǾÿιҪֱȡԷҪλ
ˣԴޣ˫ۣ䣬ĿڣҪĲλסÿιҪЩĲλܹԷ˺ɷ̵У㿴Լʲôѵֻ֪һζʹʵõķÿԷ֮ʱ㶼ʹ񵲣һŤһŤԴͿԵֵ߱ܿԷĹαҪıȥʹأɷŹŷ˺ۣüͷȵ
ŷʱȻһղŵսͬɷ˵𣿸ղԼζ񵲶ԷĹһŤͿԱܿˣԼĹ˼άȴʹ似ܿ˷˲ٵı
ǣʦˣŷĵ˵ͷɷ̵ָüսܽľ飬־飬޷õ
˾ͺáԣܹܿսɵġɷŷοʵһֱ¹ŷԼʺöԵãڿȫٺã츳ٸߣҲ̣ܽ˿ûЩֵԵģڹŷһ㣬ɷǴĵ׵⡣
ˣǰɡǰһȺȺԴޣȽ׶ߣĽңҲǺֻܶ࣬ʮֻʺĥսȥɣսپɷָָǰתͷŹŷ˵
ã˵꣬ŷٶȣǰȥ
ʦǹŷ𾪵Ŀǰ˰ľ޴ɽһͷһſŲϹԼͣЪһԴޱȡ
̫Ӵˣ̫ӴˣŷǰЩʲôɽ֣ǰƬûκοɱԣŷվΡֱɽǰȴ·Լͺһɳһ㣬ôСô
ԣǹɷЦЦ˵ж󣬻ûܹȷеĴΪû˿ԴԽƬɽ
ˣͽҾ㵽ˣһ·ϵָҲˣҲûʲôָˣסʮ֮ǰıɽңһμӲеġɷͷŹŷ壬˻Ƶ˵
õģʮұضȥŷ˵ͷ϶˵
ɷЦŵ˵ͷĹŷļоȻЩᡣദһ£Լͽʵ죬ҩ츳Ϊ̣ܽһТ˳ʦصɷΪοˡ
ţΪʦˣסʮ֮Ϊʦڱɽ㣡ɷ˵һ󣬾һӣ˵ϣȻͽʧ˹ŷҰ֮С
ŷ忴ɷȥıӰͬЩᡣԼС޸ĸʦԴԼҲǺޱָϸ˿ùŷкůûиܹů
ʦİɣʮұضµһӣŷݼ㣬ĬĬȻȻתӴޱȣһֻľſĴһΡɽȥ
Ϊ߼ߵʥأĸ߼߿϶ǲٵģŷɷ·ϣ˲¶ʮ߶飬ȻҲġλЩˣ඼߽ϵʵǰ˽ߣŷ嶼һλ
ⲻŷսɽУûü̾һÿҪߡ˺ϱĲϹͱһ˸ˣˣֻһߣʵߵĲĩڡ
ԴӴصĶʮŷͻƾʵͻƣڵѾ죬ͻƵĩڵΪٶȣ֪ŷɷҲɷѡ


78 
ӴһôﰡͲϰɣΪĩڣ͸ѧ˼Ҹ߽ߵ˰ɣ߶һڸĿĿŹŷ壬Ц
ŷޱĿȺˣȺ˵ڶʮңȻʵƽʮͬʱϵĻսһû߽ߣɱǲܵģԱûʲôġ
ˣôϻʲôǹĳڣսپߣͷһˣ˸ɱʾĺ֮Լ»µģɶǳһֱԼվԭһоԴһĩڵСӣͲҪ֡
ȺڲԣЦĻŸԵһȻĹŷ˹ȥ
Ⱥ˼ȻԼ֣ǻʲôþܾģһЩ߳Լŷһ¶һ˿Ц˲˫ųصĸأŲȴ˿ɱȥ
Щʱʱ̵̿սĥϣŷ岻ѾϰصĴڣս飬սҲɷָ£˼ߣڣŷɱ˻ɱޣǰɵñҿˣ׼ԷλԷһڶԷĹҲ˷һ˿һıȥܣǱҪܣʱ򣬹ŷ嶼΢ƫһƫԴŤתһӣ׵ı˹ȥʱһսʱ䲻ӾͽҹŷıȻӽġ
תۼ䣬Էʮ˾ͰѹŷΧ棬ŷ˫ͲǹȶžԼһĽ߷˹һֱӻĺǸ˻ûӦ֮ʣȡͷ­
һ龰жһɱ¾ϣԲǺ֮һԼⷽôˣԷֻһˣеĵֲһ׳׷һΪԼȻɱ˹ŷ塣
ŷ嵭һЦоűĺҽֻұ̤һһԼĵĽͱɱܹŷͷҲûأֵıȥֻһŵƺͽһ˵
ɱ֮˵ĹҲ֮ŷ̤µĲʱʱŤתһӣʱʱһƫԴʱʱĻ񵲣ʱʱĻ̣һſͷ­һѪһʹȻһ߾ʬ塣
һ̣ʮȺŵʬ;ҶĵϣѪȾһƬأѪζҲƮһƬ֮УŷȴһĮȻһ㲻Ϊ˵Ѫȳݡ
̧ͷȥǸ˴˿ԼǾĿԼڿһħֿ±ͷ­ʱ⣬ִʱĮȻһеһУס˴˵࣬ʮ˰תۼ䣬Ȼȫ
Ǹħǿ˫ЦЦһűѪȾҶԼȻмΪ壬֪ƴĻһˡҧҧĿһݣԼĵ৵һ˻ɲĹŷ塣
ŷ忴һͲȥ㣬ǰ̤һ渫һӭһֵıȴ˴˵ĺûһˮɾ
˵ľҲܷḻµһȻ˲ת˷ת˹ŷͷ˿ȥܹŷһȫ
ŷ岻֪ٴˣÿζԷ֪Լ£һ㶼ѡķʽ˿һŷȻȻȻ̧ž͵˵ĶǸֻһƺ˵ͬ߷ݰ㣬浹ɶȥײ˴ϣ˵ϡ
ɳȥ˵һȻûŷ壬ŷĹҲ֮ˣŷȴ˵ɳȥ֮ʣһ˵ڵϵĴ˸ǰû˿ڶԷ˫Уһ£ʹ˽
ڵԴŷҲûͣΪокüǸоսģǹŷҲûٶתȥ
ò˵վɽĽŵ£һÿòϵĴȺŷоԼ˵СʱʱԴ˻Լǰ޾ɫνڳϢͬʱֳ޾֮
ŷһ͸˷֮ɫƬΡ׳ȴΣصĹڵȴԼ
ŷкɣٶ룬һһŹȥ
ֲ˶˵Ǹ߽ߵãͽߵĵˣŷᡣû߶ԶֻԴԼһֻ߽ԴޣҪСյأܵˣ֮УȴֻͲԴһ㡣
ɱֻ߽Դ֮󣬹ŷ˵㶫Ȼǰ
ﶪһŵҩ˼¾ȥڣŷѾ˰ѵҩԵϰߣϰһɷƽɷǰʵ΢ʱ򣬻ڣûŷԹҩȫͰⵤҩʳһ㣬Ҳɷ̾ҩʦǺְҵ
ڹţŷɫСģȻ˵Χûʲô̫߽׵ԴޣҲ񶨻ôһֻˡŽ׵ԴĵܵΧתתҳ˰ˡŽ׵Դ⣬и߽׵ȺԴޣԴҲǹŷ֮ǰЩˣʵĽϵģһǧֻֻпܣҲɲùŷ岻СĽˡ
ŷһǰţͷյĲܹһƬƬ˸ߵӲ뾣ԣǺĲݰҶ滹ᷢǡ죬ŷ嶼ûעЩĿɨΧ»ͻȻһֻ߽ԴϮԼ
໹ԴޣֻҪ߽ףͲǰźԶܹоԷˣൽ߽ףû߸͸оԷǶԷͷųڴ򶷣۾
Դûģһ߽׵ԴޣǿԼϢģҲֻǶͬ׻û߶ԣߵʵԴǿҲĻһԷֵġ
ŷʵȴֻĩڣȻҪһ߽ǿԷһֻ˽Դ޵ĻԼʮ׵ľ룬ŷҲ޷ֶԷˣ߽Դ޵Ĺ֮ڣŷֻСģСģСġһСģͻᶪ
ȻŷӦԼҷһ˿΢ϢЦЦֻһֻ߽׳ڵԴޣǣŷ;ĵǱ˹ȥб߽߶ҪǿΣߵֻԴ޵ֻԴҲܷԼ
û߶ԶŷͿֻԴ޵ģһֻƱͶԵһֻ࣬ʵûдﵽƱ۷ˡ
ԴѾڸ߼Դ޵ˣߡӰǱԴ޵߼Դޣ۷ĻӰʵɴ˽ĩڣԹŷڵʵͲġ
ǰֻʵֻ߽׳ڵĻƱŷ廹ǿɶԸġ


79 ӵ߽
ŷֻڿʳԴʬĻƱΪһ˸ߵӲڵϹŷΣڹŷӽֻƱʮ׵ʱûз֣ںݺݵ˺ֻԴ޵ʬ壬ȻС
ŷͬһ㣬͵ĴƬӲг˫Ʊ˹ȥ
ڳĻƱһ죬æĻͷȥÿ˳Ĺŷ壬˻һצӳŷĸץȥ
ȻֻƱֻ߽׳ڵʵҹŷа˼ףܵһ϶ҲܣǹŷһŤıܿһͬʱ˫ͬʱӳŻƱľȥ渫ŻƱ¸ȥ
Դ޶ٶģ˼ŷĹƱæһԾӾȻһԵһôצͬʱȵǿôϣ˲Źŷ̶
ŷ忴ڿԼĻƱֻǰצϵĸצ޲ԾڰеĻƱȻŷһ˻Ʊ¸˫ͬʱָֻһƵġء𣬾ûϢ
ŷعͷȥֻƱ徹ȻŷһֱӿΣòˡ
ٶȻ̫Ȼ̫ˮˡŷ忴ŵϱֳصĻƱʬ壬ɲƲƲ
ûд֮ǰﻹ⻨ƱĻ᣿ڸղŵһʱ򣬿ܾѾɱԼҪӴĥˡ
ٶ룬˻ƱڵԴ֮󣬹ŷͼããɽȥ
һʱŷÿ춼ҪʮüֻϵԴޣ˽׵Դȴûȴûùŷз˿裬ӵĽˡ
Ϊ֪Լǰһ߹·ֻǹΧˣû뵽֮ڣһ뵽˹Լľͽֻа˽ԴˣǾŽԴޣҲпõ
һµʱڣŷû˽ϵԴ֮⣬ҲûΪ̫Ӵˣ޷ԭ
Ȼûܹ߽ԴޣһµսŷʵţȥĻҪ˼£ԼʵܽٴͻƵΪ
첻֪ҪԶٿŵҩ֪ҪսͬŰߣһô࣬ҲΪ֡
˭ȾҰŷܼĹӲ֮дţȻһŮĺԽԽͣ˽Ųüͷ뿴׷ʲô
һŷǰһӲݱ㱻һ˫׵СְǿˣһϱŹżͲ·ңȱһ飬һòɰŮŻææ˹ÿվڲԶһȻĿԼĹŷ壬вһ˿ϲæ˵λˣȾңȾҡ
ʲô£ŷüͷĿòȽƯŮʵ
棬һɫҪҪǸң˳ȾҡŮŷĻƯǺµͰ͵˵˵һ仰׵ϺһĨΣǱ飬Ҽ
ѾͷܣʱŮոܳĵطܳһһ¾ͿŮϲ˿˿Цٺ٣ҿ㻹ܣֻҪôүˬˣҾͷһ·ô
㣬Ȼ׷ĺ󺺣·ҵŮˣƯϲ˾֮ɫ˿˿ĺ
١󺺿Ůõ·¶ĽƤе֮ɫˣҪ˵ȴһվŵĹŷ塣
Ӵ벻Ȼ˸֣˲ĩΪΪܹȵ𣿡󺺿˿ŷ壬ֹŷֻĩڵΪ֮м˵
Ůһæס¶Ľ׼æ˵ŷ󣬴һ磬Źŷĸ첲ĶŹŷȵˣȾңˡ
ŷɫŮ㴫ǿףŮȴ˿ŮСŵĸ첲źۼѿޱĶǸ˵ߣҲɱ㡣
һ㶣Цһ㣬ЦָŹŷ弥СӣҿӢ۾Ϳ˰ɣӿ߼ΪһĩڣȻ˵ɱҡԴ㶺˰ɣ
Цһ䣬ĿȻһ䣬ŵһŷ壬ȻΪŮ˳ͷҾͳȫ㣬ȥɣ˵꣬󺺾󵶣Źŷؿһ׵âǹȻҪŷˡ
ŷһֻҪ󺺲ɱ˵ģ󺺼ȻˣǾûʲôԥˡ
⼫ĵâŷ΢΢һŤâȻͲŹŷȥˣһôϣʱһȱھ˳
ɹܿâŷһż棬ӾһԾȻشǧأôŷʵ˽һ׶ߣͬһ㣬һͷͿһ㵱ĺ󺺡
Ҳֺ󺺴㵣߽ڸͷųĵâûһĩڵСӣȻɵĶ˹ȥҪ֮ǰôҲܷ顣
Ѿûʱ󺺶ˣŷ˫ѾŭһȻͷų߽ߵƣȻһȻҲܿ˹ŷһ
򣿣ŷأһϢѹԼָоûиܵ漴һоԼڵʵȻѹƵڣɶʱ˹
벻߽߾Ȼùŷв¶˿˿˷֮ɫô߽ϵ߶սԼûߣ󺺵򲢲ôǿԼĻҪѹƱȼϣʵԼ͵ģܹѹƶԷȼȴֻѹԼһȼȫΪıʵҪԼǿĻԼʵͬȣܹܲѹƵסԼʵ½һȼ˵
ȷҪ˵ԵģԲУͲԸߣǿ
ȻԷͷųǹŷҲҪͷųѹˡʱŷȻһĿһæԱ߱ܿȴһ֧ôԼԷɹȻ󴩽ǰĴ֮С
ŷͷȥȴǸղǸ·ҵŮ˿űżϵĹҲûһ㺦µֻĮɱ⡣
ŷЦЦ֪Ǵͨ˵ģŮ׳ڵʵôӵù߽ߵģ
һֱûеƣ뿴Сݵʲô̶ȣ˵ݼȷܰĲзĹŷ壬˵ĻѾŮĳıƭˡ
Ǻǣ̲סˡŷȻһЦ˲ͷţŮͺУԼʵҲָ˹ǸɫɱŮʵȴ˲䱻ѹơ


80 ʺȺ
򣿣˲䱻ѹƵʵŮ϶ʱһ䣬Ĳţͬʱ
㣬ôܻӵ򣿣𺳣ôҲ벻ͨĩڵĹŷôܻӵ򣬵˿ѾûʱˣΪŷĹѾǰ
ŷһ˺󺺵ţһˣ󺺱ɡ˺󺺲˿иæ˶ͱ˿ȥ
ʵŷѹƵֻʣĩΪŷʹõĸ˫˫ɲǵɱȵģոһܿŷһʱǱȴţʱһɱǵĺϯȫıԷӳǿµЧ󺺵ȾȻ˿˿ĳٻҲ֮
ֻһٻٻĸоֻǼӶѣ⼸ӣһĻܹܶͬʱϰˣҲôԭˡ
һٻűˣŷɲŹᣬ渫ʱ˺󺺵ĺֵı˺֮󣬺Ȼһһ֧ͱŷֱӴѣ˵ϡ
֮ڣҾߣκιڹŷ֮Σοһ֧СС
ৡһĨѪ󺺴õͷ­˵ϣͷ­ϣǲŵıɼ
Ҳԣһĩ߲ױܿһ߽ͷųĵâӵ߽ϵ߲ܹӵе򣬲ˣ˵Ŀ£ȻӲѹסȼΪңһһ߽ߣлɱһ߽ߣҰ½δй
ɱ֮󣬹ŷعͷһĿĿԼǸŮǲ¶һ˿Цû˿ϧ֮ģ׼ֱӻɱˡ
󣬴ˣ𣬱ɱңʲôСŮŹŷһĮȻ߹ٿ˿оͱɱĺ󺺣ٸоԼڱѹƵֻʣڵΪƯ϶ʱ¶˾֮ɫε飬ʵġ
ŷŮջĻٿ˿Ů·ԼԼ͸¶İƤǸߣ˵ᱻջס
ˣңԺֻҪɱҡŮŷ岻ΪæʩչŮ˵ľУȻȱһһ·һƬƬ׵ļ¶˹ŷǰ
Ůհ·ʵؿڣһһŮɻ󣬴Ųţž֣žı飬ͨ͡һҶصĵϡ
ŷ嵭ĮĿŻµŮԴˣֱתȥ
ɱɱʱʱ̿̽ȾѪһ֮󣬹ŷʵٽͻ֮ʡ
ŷΪҪԼʵŻͻƵģΪԽߣԴ޵ʵԽǿ󣬵ҲûһˣŷʵҲԽԽǿԴ޹£һδ˺۵ĥ£Ѹͣùŷ嶼ò˼飬ҪͻƵס
ŷʱһܴ֮Уԭסһֻ߽ԴҲŷնɱˣҲͳ˹ŷʱͻʵ
ǰͻûжı仯ֻⱾֱ֮ǰңʣҲЩĸ£ЩΪ޴
˵ɣīֺ֮Уŷо춼ûʲôٿǰһ״ϵҶҶϵɼ˵й٣ĸйٲֻ˵ʲôȵȣǶΧĸо˵һ״һƬҶڵϣŷ嶼ܹĸо͸й֮⣬ȣٶȣȵȣ˷ǳǽӽǧشϣŷҲоûǰôˡ
ЩΪҪŷ֮ǰֻ׵Χͻ֮󣬹ŷΧֱͻƵף׷֮ڣԼأ
ˣŷо˷Χ֮⣬ǿȾȻҲ˿˿ȴôԣΪͷߵĹŷ壬ȴܹоһ˿˿
ͻƵ߽ף֪ɳʲôӡŷϲ˵
վԼۻӴŷͷһ쳤ХХУűֱùŷܵĻֱӷ飬ܵĹҶƬƬҶƮ£ͬıꡣ
ˣڵˣŷгףԼĿǽһ۷֮·Զˣ
ϣŷ忴˿ʮڱԼ̺űĺǽ壬ЦЦ̧ͷ˿ĸ͸¶˷ᶨһһȥ
ʱŷǰʮ⣬һѩɴݾƺմ˿쳾֮Ӱ˶ϸһֻ߽ĩԴ޲ɱţһɱֻԴޣͺȻŷһɵžµ¶ü򷢳ĵطȥƺⲨЩϤ
룬ŷӰòͳԺ֮Уһܸղǵ̺ıвһ׳ڣ
ǵǰǸʱǸ˾߶ǡʱ࣬ڽſʱȻ׳ڵΪڸղţͬһϢͬһˣ̶̼£һʱ䣬Ȼ׳ڣһҲòʱ䣬ʹһ߶ˣͻƵڵߣ
ٶȣԼĿԳƵǻҰ½ʷʵ
̾һԼǰͻƵ߽Ϊ޷Ǹ˵Ȱɣ
СԼʾͱǻҰ½ʷΪڵġʮ겻ͳΪߡʮ겻ͳΪ˶ߡʮ겻ͳΪߡʮ겻ͳΪĽߡʮ겻ͳΪߡʮ겻ͳΪߣԼڽǸʱԼʮ꣬ĩڣǸأεֱƺԼСҲʮѣ
ʮ꣬ڻҰ½ͬõֻһ꣬궼㣡
εͬλðٴĿһ۹ŷķ󣬾Źȥ
ٿŷߣΪԼһ𣬾ȻһȺȺԴޣùŷͬʱֳ˷ܡ
ԼոͻƵ׳ڣһȺȺԴʺԼˣȻȺʺȽ϶࣬Ŀٵ߰ٶֻʵĽϣǿһֻʺﻹ߽ĩڵģŷȴη壬һЦ˫ӭʺȺ
ʺͬǵһ㣬ëΪɫֱǽ𣬺죬ŷȥɫʽӳƯƯͬʱҲΣգŷ󿪣׷Χڵʺʵѹ֮󣬾ͬȺһ㣬˫裬ոЩԴ޵
ֻһ˲䣬ŷֱӻɱ˼ʮֻʺѹ׵ʺٶ࣬Ҳڹŷûʲôѹͨߣ϶ܶܲӮΪڵıͲ֧ôĵģŷȴͬΪղͻƵΪڵıȰ˽׳߻ࡣˣһȺ߽ηʺȺŷȴûʲôѹ֣ٺòˡ


81 ñ
ৣৣৣ
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ŷҲǡ߲ܡɱЩ֪ɱߵʺԴûһƶ䣬ʮʺʬ˵ϡ
һһһһߣ֪ɱ˶ãԹŷı˿Ҳ̲סһɨΧȻԶƴܵļֻ߽Դ֮⣬ĲĽףף׵ʺ˵ϣۿȥһƬһƬĿģ˵
ŷû뵽ԼȻڲ֪лɱôʺܵǼֻȫԼĸ£ƬѪƮѪζһƬ֡
ЩʺڵԴ϶ѾɢˣϵĲλҲ˶Դң˹ŷҲͲය׼򣬾뿪˴˵ء
Ҫ˵ɱôʺȻûԼʲôвԼոͻƵ׵ΪѾˣõͻȻӲȫһսڵԼǿȫˡ
ʵÿͻеΪҪһʱϤͻȻսõ̷
ǰУŷѼϵ޼ṭҩռ֮ڣӲľĴУͷӲӦе˫Ǵ֮սѡ
ӻͳһƿƿ浹һŵҩУȴƿеҩѾûˣ룬ҲԣԼĵԣٶҲˡ
˿ܣûʲôΣպ󣬹ŷͽ뵽ҩռ֮ڣ׼ζһ㣬Բ˶Ҫˡ
ԼҩʦȼƷߵȣƱԪҩӸƷҩβ׵ˣֻҪƵҩľˡ
ҩռ糣ҩƮռ䣬һţƣ;
ĿһԺ֮еҩŷһֽƷߵȵҩֵҩȻ׵ģǵõĻҩЧȴѾ㹻ˡ
ţξһһǧƿɣӦùһˡŷ룬;ֱƸһǧƿһǧƿƷߵȵĵҩԼҩʦȼָҲͻˡ
þŷҩʱ䣬ڲɼһǧһٷҩģȻܵڣϥ˲ͽ뵽ֹˮľڡ
ͳһöɫԴңǶҩԴҰڣһһ貵Դڶһ¯֮󣬹ŷͰҩָʾʼ
ҩʱգ֪УŷѾİƿ
ˣҩʦȼûͻơһ¯֮󣬹ŷվ˸оԼûͻƵҩʦȼε
ȻɻƷߵȣŷȴǿԿ϶ֻҪƸƿҩԼҩʦȼ;ԿͻƵƷŷȴͻƲͻƵƷνΪƷҩҩЧԼ˵Ѿȫ㹻ˣгڣҪĻȰʵ˵ֻҪʵǿˣеʱרҩʦȼԼҩ츳ҩʦȼȱ˲֪ҪٱҲͲһʱˡ
һƿƳ뻳֮һͳҩռ䡣
ŷ忴˿ܣӦһԼڵԴֲ֪оȻѾȥһ£üӽǰˡ
ΪʱѾڹĵشˣŷ˻ûһһֻ˽Դޣùŷһϲ˽Դˡ
ŷͬýԱһ㣬ֱֵֻİ˽Դޱ˹ȥգۼ䣬ֻ˽Դ޵ı
Ϊʵŷھվֻ˽ܱʮ״ûзԼֻܻԹԵ˯˿ûиоΣյĵ
ŷ嵭һЦôˣֻ˽ܾȻûзңԼ򣬱Щİ˽Ҳ˿ˡ
𡫡˽ԴޱϾǰ˽Դޣŷ׼ʱֻں˯ܶʱۣվԼʮ״࣬ʱŵôһæֱӣǾĿŹŷ壬ֻҪŷ춯ͻԥĹ
Ȼ˹״̬ȴûѾǻ۸ǰԲǣΪһ߽ס˽߽Լһ׵ķΧԼܹ֣ǰ࣬ȻʮԼŷ֣в⣬࣬϶ҪԼҪǿ
ŷɲģܾ˹ͲԥһͬһӰһ㣬ͳ嵽ߣҲ˲չҲ֮¡
һֱܾ裬ŷһӦ˹һȻֱӣֻ޴ƾŷն˫񵲹ȥǺ˿̺
ɷĵִܲͬ͵ԴޣһĹ򵽵ܵϸ͵ͬһ㣬ƣ˽µֻҪܵĹһ㣬ڵͻᾡѣɼֲ֮
Ȼˣŷȴη壬ܵǿҲ޷Լ½ǣ켶ô׾ͱĻǾͲ켶ˣοܵʵԼѹһ㣬ֻʣ°˽׳ڵʵˣʵͻƵ׵Ĺŷ壬ǿսʤġ
ۼܵ˫ƼԼ˫ŷ˿նµ˫Ȼһշתܿܵ˫ƣתܵĺܻ˫Ϊ޷ʱջأֻĿ⹥Լ˿취
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ڵԴգȻʬҩռ֮󣬾ͼǰ
ļʱڣŷ嶼ս֮жȹΪѾ뵽˹ĵشԴҲ߽׵ģŷ嶼֪ɱֻ˽Դˣ߽Դ޸ʤŷʵҲȲš
似Ѿ弶еȾ弶ߵȣ似Ϊûʹùûߣļȣģ似ڣŷ似Ѿͻ˱䣬뵽˻ñ䡣
ñ䣬ʩչͬһӰĵطӰʹ˸޷ֱ뵽˻ñҲֳ켶Ŀ֮
ŷǵǰʱͻƵñʱþһȺȺԴޣȺȺԴʵ͵ĶףͷĸǴﵽ˰˽ףǧ֮ôϵȺԴޣܾǾŽ߶ҪηŷȴӲĥĻñսһһҹڱڹӦ֮ʣȫȺȺԴޣֱսȺȺԴ޾½Ƕûɼ뵽˻ñεĿֲˡ
似֮⣬ŷıΪҲڵҩԼϵսĥ£׵ڣڹŷҿ϶Ž£˵ܣǾԿġ


82 Ͽ

˶ӣŷո˻ûһǰˮæܹȥһüͣԭء
һԨ˹ŷǰ澡ǰڵͿǻˮǴ洫ģ棬ӦһϿˡ
ڹڣͱڣŷҲΣ·ƹȥϿȺᴩɽ֪ףһ۸ͷŷɽǸɽϰɣǾŽ׸֣޷ͨǾ͸˵ֻ׵Ĺŷˡ
ô죿ѵҪȥȥŷüվԭأǱڵԨһʱЩԥ
֪浽жߣԼԼĻˮŷͶ϶϶ǧɣ⻹ǹŷ壬Ǹһµ߹ܹˮŷҲƾ߳ȵĶģˣҲֻܹԼˡ
ˣȥҿ˵ӿԵɽŷ忴˿ܣƬ̣㳯ȥҿϿûоͷеĻͲȥˡ
ǣùŷʧǣҸʮԴ޵˲٣ɽ֮ϿȴһֱڣЩطļﵽ˾˵ɣôԶǻɣ޷ͨ
ֻȥˣϣûоŽԴޡʵŷ岻ȥҪԭ򣬻ǺһֻǺüֻŽԴޣôߵԨҸͿѾȫȫĴĵشˣⲻ˵ֻ˵ֻһֻŽԴޣùŷԲ˶ˣŽףҰ½۷ĴڣԹŷڵΪ޷࿹
Ƭ̣ŷһҧȻδ֪ΣգΪԥԥĻǾ޷ɾ͸߽׵ߵģֻвηգ֮ĥ³ɳܹɾ۷壡
ԥŷǷǼ֮ɫһطĵطȻ˫ֽץס±ߵ٣ȻСȥ
²ңеپȻ͵ͷˣŷ岻һæ˿ԼܣָУԼ̫Զˣܹұںƹȥ޷ץס
˿еͷٿ˿ԼǷ·޾Ԩŷ徹ȻĴһǰƵ£ͺһֻԶžſѪڣȴԼĽ룬Ȼɡ
һȻˣǾͲҪȥڣǵɽǻ𺣣ԵһûΣգǻд
ͨһ󣬹ŷͰͷ˵ɿȻ׼Աߵһͻ㣬̧Ų˼£ܹסԼٿ׼ͱڵһС϶͵ץסͺ˹
ڹŷĵطΪĶȽϽһЩ֪СݣֹͺͺɰͰ͵ʯԻЩŷֻʹץסС϶Ϊʪûץȣʹȥ
ϾʵˣұڻǱͨǿ࣬˹ŷ廹оյĺƵһٴץΣԳȻ˫һ̤ұڣֱͻͻ½ȥ
ٴ½ʮֳ֮ˣеѾͷΧû٣ֻͽˡ
ʵңѶȱѶȲ֪Ҫ϶ٱϣŷûκ⣬£Թŷ׵ʵҲòСССġ
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ģǰûʹҵĹŷҲҲû˸ոտʼУٶҲȿʼһ㣬Ҫ˶ӦþͿԵϿˡ
ԸΥŷһʱ䣬ûеϿףȥȻǰɵһƬ˿Լܾ֮һû

ұڣŷڳһֻ֣˦˼£ʣȫѣ룬ӻͳһ븹Уʱһĸоȫȫоȥùŷ岻ɾһֻҪ㹻Լ;ԿʵϿף

ŷΣһˣûһ㶫˿ұڵǿȣ渫͵ľһȥʱһĻ˳Ӳʯ߼£Ҳͬһ㡣
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˫һŷ֮У˿ĵ˵ͷ
Ϣһɣ峿ټŷϥһľһЩ͵Ͼͳ˶Уʯ֮󣬾ڶϣԴ⡣
һܿ͹ȥˣļ紺Ĺ֮ڣҹܰ꣬ⶸ͵¶ѨУûһΣգһǹŷʱ˯˯ġ
˸һ糿¿󣬹ŷ׼λãȥ
һȥܵİûм٣ӵŨùŷһݣȻɷԼ˵һ仰
ڹڣΣյĵطĵش۷Դ޵ľۼأϿ֮С棬εԴҲǰ˽׵ģŽԴ޸࣬ңŽĩڵԴޣֻڵΪҲǲ׽롣
ɷ˵֮󣬾ĿŹŷ壬ͽΪʲôĴյ֮һΪϿȵĴڣǧҪסǧǧܽ뵽Ͽ֮У򣬾ǾŽʵҲ
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ʵʱɷĻŷһֱǵãŷû뵽ôȴƫƫþԼˣаǺģම¶аŷҲûж룬һԽԽŨİͺȻɷĻùŷһʱ֮䲻֪Ǻá
˻ȥŷ岻룬һ;ȻʺҪħҲͬҪΣվ˻ȥĻԼٳڣӰ;޷۷ġ
£ǿ۷Դ޵ľۼأŷ廹ûԴܹԿ۷Դ޵ĳ̶ȡ
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ŷ忴˿ɿ׵Ԩ̧ͷ˿Ҳͬ޷ٿĶ壬ȻĿ֮лһ˿ô˻ȥǽԼͽԵ۷塣޾Σգ˵ʮԵ۷ĻǽȥԽܡ
۷壬ǹŷе׷׷ûˣǾӵ޾ʲô˼
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ŷ嵭һЦлȻʣȫ·˲٣ŷоԼľƺֽһ


83 ߲
һֹܿȥˣŷ¿һҶУԽԽŨİüͷ
Ѿˣ˵һǧɣǧɶˣôûأ
ˣˣǣȻѾ˼Ǿͼɡŷһ˿Դ󣬾;͵˵ϣ˫˯˹ȥ
ֹ죬ŷоǹͺͺʯˮֿ֣ʼʪһϲ쵽ˡ
ꡫ
ԽԽʪұʹùŷһûȣһ͵ȥȻŷӦÿ쵽ˣΪŨİȴȻףͲ֪жߣôȥָͻˤ⽴
˲ͷ亹һ׼˵ص㣬ٴСȥ
ԡ
һĺֱùŷ˫ۣŷһûм׵˷ܣǽ
ղŵУǰ˽Դ޶޷϶ǾŽԴˣ
Щʮ궼óһλʮ֮⣬ŽףѾ۷Ĵˡ
ⲻͬڰ˽ף˽׹ŷϻԴڲܣǾŽס
һָͷܹԼˡ
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·ǻӦղĺУһ߰Ǹ߰·ڸղУھ棬ƣԲȸղе;ǡ
ԡԡԡ
ʼ޺ԴֻԴ޵ոϣַ޺𣬲ǹŷ壬ܹ̺ζ
Ȼ󣬹ŷһײġءԼһЩͳŷƣֻԴޣӦǴˡ
ȥǣŷæֽŲõڣҪĻȵ棬Ȼұϣ綼ҪԴ޸֡
ʱ䣬ϿףֻһӣŷĽžʹ˵棬ҲһȻܲȫڵѿܵڵʮ׷Χڻǿܹġ
վڵ棬ŷ徯ĿΧ򲻸أȫͷ˳ԺܺõĸӦܹܵԼϢ۷Դ޵ľۼڣŷɲҷųԼϢȻ֪ôġ
Ȼ˵ΣأһСĶ̣ûΪΣնȴҲùŷľٴһ㣬ǲǰոͻƵʵȻľ£ͻס
ľһֺĶԱԣͬʱͻƣʵܹͻƣŷΪΣնȴĻľΪ֮һϰ㹻ˣľ޷ͻƣʵȻ޷ͻƣȻ۷ҲʹӴŷԵˡ
ιŷ岻ηյµϿףľϰҲȻûˣ˵ֻҪŷһʱ䣬ϰͻ˵ĻʵҲȻȻͻˡ
ҪͻƵףŷ岻⣬̶ʱڣҪͻƵĩˣԼٶ˵ȥ֪᲻ſЩνˡ
˦˦ͷЩĵ뷨׳Ժ֮󣬹ŷͽĹ۲ΧȻһһСǰţ˿Ĵ⡣

ţŷоߵˮӴˣ죬ף˴ˮŷӦٲȻ˴
ˮȥŷҲڿǷ޴ˮĵȷһٲһһ޴ޱȵٲ
ŷ廹ǵһο˾޴ٲΪˮĳطİ٣ûж𵽶Ӱ죬ٲģҲ˹ŷǰŷ壬ǵɴ˫ۣǰۼĵٲ
ΪٲȻ߲֮ɫ콵ʴ߲ʺϼټƮİɫһɾζ
ٿٲ棬һǺܴĳٲڳˮȻû˿ǣҲùŷһ档

߲ʵٲ֮ˮĳһˮˮȴǾӨ͸ģ߲֮ɫȴûʹ٣Щùŷ嶼ɳƬС
ģΪٲǺܿ죬ǺܸߣߵøͿˣͺ֮ˮкһ㣬ָо˵ġ
ûùŷ̾ãһֻԴ޾յ˹ŷжʱһæסԼϢһ˸ߵʯ棬Ŀ⾯ĿֻˮԴޣҷ˿죬ֻԴ޵ע⡣
һֻͫɣŽԴޣǾŽĸȼŷȴǿԴޣ߲ŽڣܹﵽŽĩڵֻЩʦܵ۷ԴޣĶ޷
ֻֻͫһֻŽ׳ڵԴޣҲǹŷԱģֻСĵĶһԣֻͫɵ뿪
ѾŷޣʵҲûףֻ֪ͫɻ᲻ᷢԼĿǰֻͫɻûзԼҲùŷŵԵķſһ㣬ԼȷǱһǿ࣬ŽԴޣ޷ԼĴڡ
һֻֻ۾ͫɺˮͻ뿪ˣŷϸĿ˿ܣֲûԴڴ˺󣬾ĳǸĳ˹ȥ
С߽ŷ巢ĳˮȻҲ߲֮ɫղΪԶмһЩڵûз֣߽˿߲ʰ֮ɫùŷ
̫ˣŷ嶼֪ôǰк߲ٲҫ۱ʯ߲ʳ˿˿ƣĿſľӨˮټϳ߾ȻһЩ滨ݣ˷˱Ƕ˭ҪС
һʪĿ˵ķҷʹ֮ŷͷһ壬ͷȥĳͿף߲ӳ֮£޾ڣ·޵Ԩһ㣬ùŷһľ
ŷϣֻҪˮ峺ǰˮԼܹײĶʯ߲ʳԲֹɣŷиֱ߲ʳȣ϶ԼϿȡ
ŷ屻ԼȻͷһ㶣Ͽȣǵмǧɣ
أأأ
ڹŷ߲̾ʳʱȻӱصĽŲŷͻع£ٶܵǸһ˸ʯĺ˽ȥڹŷոնһֻһӸ߶ȵԴ޾˹Ȼˮ뿪
ŷḧؿڣһֻŽԴޣղԼһĻܾͻᱻˡǣŷ岻ڴ˴ɫҲڣҸطԵ㶫ȻϢˡ
ֳ˫ŷһһ۲ΧоԼ·ֻصڶʱĵӣһһһ
ŷȴųָоֻʱʱ̶̿Σ״̬֮УܹıƷԼǱܣʹܹ澳гɳɾ͸ʵ


84 
ɫ谵ŨİѾൽֲָ״Σյģŷ岻ҶֻлǰǰֱұϢһˡ
ұԣŷ廷һɨ˫̤һԾ˫˫ͬʱֱҲֹͣȻָͿʼ䶴
ΣصϿڣŷɲֱڵҸط䶴˯׼ҹʱֻ᲻һֻ͸ľŽԴ޳й䣬һСĹ䵽ŷĻǾûԩˡ
һӣһҶͱˣŷ棬һ𣬾Ϳʼ⡣
궫֮󣬹ŷͰϴľͰ˳һľͰˮͰˮǹŷղ˳ڳҨģúõݸ衣
ˮ߲ʣ峺͸ŷȻ֪ǳˮٲˮΪʲô߲ʵģղŹŷԹˣûжǱȻһ˿֪棬һɽȥƣ;ȥȻܹҩһ԰ΪùŷǾ档
Ҫ֪ˮŷûзҩҺģȻҩҺЧȻЧֻܿһƷȵҩҩЧһƷеȶҲ㹻ùŷ𾪵ˡ
ѵˮʲôƷҩģΪ߲֮ɫԵʣŷ˿˿ڵĿ⣬
Ϊһҩʦˮû̺ҩģֻҪһű֪ûκҩɷ棬Ǿֻһˡ߲֮ɫԵʡ
ˮΪʲôڳʱ߲ʣҨȴ峺͸ףǹŷܹͨģ˰ûԵɺ󣬹ŷҲˣǺĸˮ̺һ˿˿֪Ȼֻһ㣬ĸܶܲŷƾųһȵľȴǸӦõ
ƱҲԴŷϸһӦȴƱԴùŷ弫Ϊľᡣ
⵽ʲôôǱҲԴȴƺ̺Դŷüͷ˼⡣
˿ͣ߱ŷȴӲ벻ؼôֻ֪֮䣬ֻбԴ
Ȼ˿Ȼƺ٣ŷȴо̺ΪĻҿ϶˿߱Ļܣ˽߶գۼҷ
Ǻεǿ
ʲôԵ
һ˿Ϳʹһ˽˲ʱҷ
һ˿ȺƺбֺƺԴ
ѵŷһԺ֮кȻֳһ뷨Ǿǣں˱Դһ
ǣ⣬ôܣŷͣԼȻֳ뷨һҪ֪ԹǴԴǴôںϣ
ˮ̺ȴʹùŷ岻òţıԴĵȷȷеںˣ
ңں֮Ȼ˿ֲֻһ˿˲һ˽ߣ
ŷ岻˭ӵǲ޵У
뵽ŷ¶˷֮ɫԼӵʲôμңʲô۹ңּ̧䣬ݻ٣
뷨Ǻõģʵȴһˡ۹ŷҪ˿۹ŷʹþ˿˿˿˿ΪԼ߶Ȼɢ֮䣬ùŷһΣԼĻˡ
վֻǻ룬ŷɲΪһ˿ӰԼ
ǿҪԼȡģҪԼģһ¾ӵǾ˲ܹݺʲô˼أ
ֻһһԼĿһһŵ۷壬ܱǿȤǿߡ
˿ɢ֮󣬹ŷóҩҺľͰ浹һ㣬Ȼ˫ۣĵ
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紵ԶǻˮпڶС˯Ĺŷ壬ȻоԼƺʲôˣ˫ۣȴֶڴһ͵˫Լ˫ζʹùŷͷԶʱһ壬˲˫󿪣Դ
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ëȻ𣬹ŷ嶨һ־ȻһɺͷͷǷֿģ붼룬ŷͶ϶Դޡ
Һõǣ˹ĹŷӦһ£Դ޵ʵûдﵽŽףǰ˽ĩڣΪĻ谵޴ڵİ֣ʹùŷͿֻԴ޵ģԿ϶ǣԴеԣΪߺû߽ϵģֻԣ߽ϵġ
߻һֽ࣬ӵߵĶ߱Ϊ¡
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ԵҲǰŷҲڿԵģʱ󾪡
ͷ綾ԣ
ͷ綾ԣͬһ㣬о綾ֻҪǾŽ߶ܣҲ˰˽ԴΪѲԴ͡
ŷ˫۽ͷ綾ԣȷһһûмʱʹҩ˵ĻԼпܽڴ˵أ˹ŷ岻òСģ˿⡣
ͷ綾ԵԴϵҡţݲһ˿ĿⶢŹŷ壬ѰźʵĻᣬȻһɱ
ŷ屻ͷ綾ԽţһƣΪô߲ʲôԴ޿ģȴܳԴޣֱӾͿ԰ԴڶڣȻģȫԼ鲻ɵġЩҲûˣڣǿɡ
սȲ˵ܲսӮ˵սɢıͻ۷ԴǰһΪǵ飬ûа취ܵĻҲֻսˣܹܲԹԵվԶɱɣ
˻˻˻˻˻
ڹŷ˼֮䣬ͷ綾ǰһ㣬һ¾ͽ˹ŷΧڣʵ˲ͱѹƵ˰˽׳ڣҲȻѹƵʵһ㶣Ȼû뵽ǰྐྵȻӵ
ǲȻŭܹĸӦǰʵʵֻڣôСһ࣬ȻͷѹԼʵ԰˽Դ޵ĸ߰βŭʱڰ˽ĩԴ޵ƾɢ˳ǱŷѹȼʵȻ˲ͻָ˹Ҳ޷ԹŷʲôӰ죬ˡ
Լ򱻵ùŷ岻ɫ䣬Լģ벻ȴʧȥãҲڹŷ˾ӣԼֻѹư˽׳Դȼ˰˽ڣֻѹһȼ˰˽ĩڣȴһȼҲѹƲˡ
Ȼ˽ĩԴ޵ƾͿԼˣԼھŽԴ޵ǰñѹƣŽױ۷ĴˣԼÿΪһѹƵĻǡ뵽ŷһ󷢿࣬ҪԼ֮ǰĻҪΣղ֪ٱ
һŷ֪ȻԼܻܿᱻŽԴ޵ƸѹƣԼͼп޷ԼϢˣǾ͵˵˵һˣ֮ڶпܱ֡һùŷ벻ֻͨŽͫɣԼҲֻ׶ѣôûзԼأ
˦˦ͷʱŷɲٶ룬ڣҪôӦֻͷ綾ԲǶԵġ


85 ҪôҪô
ŷھҶС㹻Լȥģͷ綾ǱˮͰϸԼʮ׳һڶڣȴһ϶ҲûˣҪӳȥ뷨Ҳη
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ԥڹŷжϼͷ綾ҪԼʱ򣬼æñġá£˲߸Ӱ˳ΩΩФͬʹ˸ͱϲĸ켶ĿֲҲһ̱ŷ巢ӵ쾡¡
Ȼͷ綾˽ĩԴһ˲ļŷ嶼ɱһƱԭأɫ˫ֱ㶵ĿֿǸ֪˭źá
ڼͷ綾һ̣ȴΪŷ崴˽Ļᣬŷ嵱ȻŹ˺õһᣬҲ룬弶ߵȵķ츫ʩչһʱ丫Ӱࡣ
ͼһ弶ߵȵķ츫ҲǰÿξôԣھֻǾһȣͺû֮ǰ֮Ҳǹŷ֮⣬ս˽׵̡
߸Ӱͬʱ֣Ӱգֻϧǣڹŷ似ֻǻñȣЩõӰû˿Ҳ͸˵ˣˣֻһ֣ͷ綾ԾͶ϶˹ŷֱӾſ죬ҧ˹
Ϻâ˸ŷ˿ĶԼ˿ɣͷ綾ԵĹٶޱȣԹŷķӦٶȣҲЩ׽⣬ֵֻܹ˺ˡ
ĸӰûжԼͷ綾˿вͷ綾ԿĹҲùŷһп࣬ͻ֮䣬ƣӦ
׶԰˽ף治һĴ󰡣Ҫӵ켶Լ似Ļʬ׷ˣŷап࣬ԭһʧЧ԰˽ĩڵԴԼȻ˵ĺ޵ֻֿ֮һвпˣ
ʵŷܲʹ÷նУһΪѾԼһŵˣΪⷽն̫ھ޴ԼڵΪҲֻ֧ʹĴΰˣĴηնһʩչ꣬Լ͵ϵ⣬׸ˣ
Ѿվٲʹ÷նеĻǾҲûлˡ˼ˣŷ岻ԥ˲ŷ˿߼Ҳ˳ĻֻգۼˣâҲ˲۳ΣҪ֮ǰЩҪüܹ۳â
ɲҪС̶̼룬ĸ߽׹Уûʲôս켸ҹ˵֮ھ;ʤġ⼸ӣһĻܹܶüʮˣɴ˿ɼ̶̼ǺεȵҪˡ
â˲ΣӵűԵâԵҸâǾںһγһ״Сɫâͬһ㣬һ·ֱ¶һ˿֮ɫļͷ綾ԡ
ǹŷΪ֮һʩչն֮ǰ͹⹥ӦòСһʩչ㿰Ȱ˽ĩȫһĸâҲһȹͬΪ˽ĩڵļͷ綾Ҳ޷ֵ
˽ĩԴҲǵ֮ȻҶ˵̫СˣʩչҲûа취ġ
ֻ͵ſɺ죬һɱͻĿǻ֮УγһԲαţͬâһ㣬Ȼһ¾ֱ˹ŷ׸â
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ʲôʯɢͷ綾ԼȻԭأùŷд󾪣ⷽն޷ͷ綾ԣԼˣ
żͷ綾ԽԽ׺ݵĿ⣬ŷ֪Լǳ׵µĹ»ˣУÿҸ취
ŷһǿѹе㽹ǿԼ侲ĿɨȻŷ˫һ뵽һ취
Ȼն޷˼ͷ綾ԣǺβֱԱ߿ٳһͨأҪֻ̫ҪܹԼͨͿˣ
뵽ŷнףȻ뵽˰취ǾºðˣԷնٿٳһԼͨͨӦòǺѣ
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ȻղŹŷһǳ׵üͷ綾Էŭˣ͵ϻûɢȥͷ綾Ծ͵ŷ˹Ǽƣֻ˹ŷŵеķŭ
뵽˰취Ĺŷȴûôˣ˼䣬ڻı˲ۣٴγżͷ綾Թ˹ȥһնһʩչȥŷû˿ͣͣıٴۣһǷնۣ׼ͷ綾Աߵұڣ˫ͻ£ʱһ׸âͳǿұڳ˹ȥ
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죬ǰһιŷûȥᣬȵڶâһұڣŷǵٶͨתۼ䣬ʧҶ֮С
ŷոڵĵط沢ûжԶ൱ڰ˽ĩڵȫһķնֱӾͶһ㹻ŷͨҶһŷ岻˿ͣҲΪĹʹȫĸоֽŲãȥ
ʮףʮףʮףһףף
ֱףŷŴŴͣôߵĸ߶ȣͷ綾ôҲ²ˣᣬô˵ԼҲȫˣ
ŷһ׼ٿٳһҶϢʱһĵĹ߾ͻذⰵޱȵĵطһ˿⣬ŷ岻һЦôһᣬѾˣ
ˣʱιŷҲǲȥģ˭֪ͷ綾Ի᲻Լ˽ĩԴ޵ǻۣǲˣŷ岻ȥðա
¿һҶŷ˫һž˽ȥղͷǷնͬ޴ı֣ټٶףŷڵıٶ࣬˿Ҳ۵ô죬Ҳ붯ˡ
ͳһԪҩµҩҩҺҵͿĨһһˬĸо͸ȫޱȵĸоʱɢùŷ岻ɴһգۼ䣬ͻָһ
һ˽ĩڵԴ޾ͰұȵòòߣھŽԴǰܵĻᶼûˣŷϥһ߻ָԼһ˵
ŷȻһЦ͸һ˿˷ܣԽΣգԽܹΪ͵Ϊʥذɣ
ҪôҪôǻ֮䣬ֵԳɾ۷壿ŷ˸żᶨ֮ɫǵǷĸϲ˵Ȼ֮ɫЦЦٶ룬˫ֱۣ壬Ϳʼȫָ˱


86 ٶ֮
ŷıָ죬Сʱڵı;ԻָˣȻҲҩģҲҪСʱܹȫָ
˿ɻ糿ɵϿ棬峿ҲֻһѣҰɲôô˵ҲҪҹһ㡣
ʱ䣬ŷĥͷ綾ҲӦˣǾȥ
ȻŷҹǸҶʱֻʣ´սĺۼͷ綾ѾӰŷϸĸӦһᣬΧûԴڴ˺󣬾ŵأһһš
ΣķϿڣʱʱĻԴ޵˻򶷵رǴ򶷵ǽһ춯أڸղţŷԼһ죬һ룬ܹƵģٶǾŽԴޣҲùŷС˫Увԣܡ
𡫡顫
糿ϿȣַǷˮ޺ڶÿһ𣬹ŷ嶼פŲϸ۲ŻǰУŷʱʱ̶̿ýģҺǿ󣬷һ¶Ҫˡ
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Ȼһ޺𣬹ŷһϸһӦֻһֻ˽׳ԴޣٸӦһΧûзԴ޵ټɹ˹ǣ㣬ҵĵһĿɣ
ñŷųӰոӦķλֻԴ޼۶ȥ
ŷûʹڲԼϢԴͷ綾Եһս֮󣬹ŷ;ͬնһǱҪ£ԲʹԵУֻܹԼΣѹ£ܹȫԼǱ
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ΪûΣͷԴ޺ܿͷ˳Ĺŷ壬ɴ˼ͬŹŷ˹ܿ죬ŷͿͷԴ޵ģ
һͷӰľǣͬӰӰٶȶƣľԵԶԲָͳ̶ȣ֮ҲǼΪǿģնĶӣĺֻҪһƣܹǿĴҪ˶þͻָɴ˿ɼ֮͡
ҲѲ֮ΪֻҪһɱĹ᲻øӿ񱩣ֻҪʵȵĶ֣һ㶼ȥġ
ΪŷϿʥءĵһĿ꣬ѲŷҲܷһͷţСӰľǣŷ˫нֳһ˿˿˷֮ɫȻ˫һ̤أӾȻ֮ͬһ㣬͵˼ӽӰľǡ
໣
ӰľǿĹŷ壬Ҳŷ壬ɢѪĹâҲͬʱҧŷĲʵСֻ࣬Ҫһ£Ϳɱˣ
ۿҧ죬ŷ嶼ŵȳζˣȴ侲ǳڿУȻһŤҧ죬ϥ˫ͬʱӭӰľǵ˫ۣ渫ĺϥĸ
ء͡
ŷ˫ոջӰľǣӰľǾ;һͷܿǱܿˣŷ嶥ϥȴ޷ܿһƵĻ𣬹ŷϥֱӶӰľǵĿڲλʱӰľǵ;һѪŷҲùҪ֮ʣȴҲ޷ܿӰľǵצӣһ¾ͱӵؿڣȴŰ˼лƤ׵ıʹûˣ·ȴûôˣֱӱӰľһץ˺ˡ
벻ûİҵʵȻ˲һҵȷӦַúĥĥԼˣŷ忴ؿǱץ״·˵ղлƤ׵ıԼڶѾˡ
໡
ڹŷ¶ҪַúĥԼʱ򣬱ŷϥǹһ˵ӰľȴǷˣһأٴγ˹ŷ壬˫צ˹ŷĺ
Ӱľٴγŷ岻ٶ˫ҲӰľǣսһ
ৣ飡
ӰַֺϺϣһδεĽսһδεĸˡӰľϵ˿ԽԽ࣬ŷϵҲԽԽأѪ죬ѪɣлƤױؿڸûˣûлƤױֱۣȲûôˣһɼǵ˺۱鲼ֱȲѪֹʹ̡
ڡڡڡ
Ӱľȫûһõĵطˣ˿ڣŷȴҪصࡣȴûӰ쵽ԣѪĿŹŷ壬죬﷢һв·Ҫ˺˹ŷһ㡣
ʹ죡ŴС˺ܲȫӰľǣŷȴǹЦе˷ԽԽأ·صĺսڴ˿̱һ㣬˫ֳӰľǳ˹ȥ
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ӰľҲǲڹŷͬʱҲĽŵŵأӭ˹ŷ壬ٴνսһ
ء͡䡫
һνսŷȫһƴӣñұܣӰľһδεĹ似õǿ״̬·һ㣬һ˽һˣӰľǡ
ŷԽԽ˷ܣԽԽ𾢣ʱѾȫֲɱĿ֮Уǰͨ˿̼Ȼõ൱ǰ޷ʩչĸ˿Ҳͬˮһ㣬һжûϰһиһǿѹƵӰľǣҲȫ·硣
ʱһᾪȵķ֣ŷȻֽһζ״̬ȻεĶ򲢲֮⣬Ҳ߶֮򣬱ֻ֮ǱȻ֮һѣˣõĺôҲԵֵһϰˣЩʲģǧ궼жôϡ棡
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Ȼŷһ渫һ¾ᴩӰľǵĺһµĵֱӰӰľǵʲôĶ˳ģӰľǵôԣҲòˡ
ꡫꡫ
ŷȾѪ·ãͷɢϸճһƬƬҳݣŴģΪǱ
һѪУûһõĵطӰľǵʱȴԼģжǱˣܹİڵΪɱͷԼǿǿײеӰľǣҲǰ˵սˡ
벻δսУҾȻֶһ֮򣬿ǻԡѪɱȻΪȹ̣ҲķŷպӰľǵʬ壬һƨɾ˵ϣͳƿҩ£ͳƿҩҺͿĨȫ֮֮ǰ龰
Ȼ֮ʵûͻƵĩڣҲǻñȣ似ȴͻƵȣСһһһͷӰľǵĻŷҿ϶ʮ֮ڣɱ
Ϊ似Խ󣬾Խͻơ֮ԽÿһȼĲصĲֻҪͻˣȻҲǼʮʮˣһ֮似һȼŷǼΪˡ


87 ҵʥأ
ϢһңŷæվȻϵֻǻָһ㣬ŷȴǲٴˡ
ղӰľǵĴս䱾ضԴǰ˵˽ĩڻ߾Ž׵ģ˵һͷ˽ڵģ㹻ԼһˣˣΪ˱ŷֻŻʹ뿪˵ء
ŷ峯߲ˮطСȥڻģƻûȫָݸҩ裬ϢһᣬȥѰҵڶĿꡣ

ŷӰľǴսĵطٲԶ˲һǰҰҲĿŷһߵ龰ʱȴɵ㶵Ĵԭء
߲ʵٲ߲ʵĳƣôۼ˿߲ʳߣȴһֻȴСϻˮ׳ɫëɫİƣɫ˫ͫͷǸġ֣ùŷĶᵽɤۣ⣬ǱȽëӸߵȵϾë
ʹùŷľҪԶƽǿö࣬˲ͻعҲܣһصǸ˸ʯ棬죬˸ʯǰԼһͷŽԴ޵ĸӦ
Ȼŷ岻֪ܲܶͷϾëĸӦʱѾûʱȥ룬ֻȶȥ˵ʵڲܣԼұҲǶԶ¼ܵʱͷϾëҲұɱԼˡ
һʯ棬ŷæͷ鿴ͷϾëȻһۣùŷвɴģѾܵ׼ҺõǣͷϾëֻ߿һ۶ѣȻͼͷˮƺûзԼĴڡ
ô£ѵʯĿԵŽԴ޵ĸӦȻϾëûзԼŷҲʱɻĿ˿ƽƽʯɻ뵽
ԣԲʯԭ򣡡˺һ󣬹ŷ岢ûзʯʲô֮ɴеĲ룬漴˿Ǹ߲ٲ߲ʳ뵽ҹϴʱֵһ˿ƺں˱Դ
ˣӦ߲ʳԭˣһ˿ҴûһôǿܹӦҲϡ棡ŷΪȷԼĲ²⣬Ͼëˮߺ󣬾ųԼĸӦֹȻͬԼԼĸӦȻһ뵽Ǹ߲ʳķΧڣͺʲô赲סһ㣬ôӦǸӦ֣ùŷһ棡
˿ǿ󣬻ܹŽԴ޵ĸӦҪǿΪյĻŷźҡҡԴȻ༫ΪǿľŽԴޣĿΪյĻ½ľŽ߶ȽԴޣȻռˣﻹֵõԼ棬Ҹ̾ġ
ߣŷһˮȥģȻóľͰһͰˮ󣬾С뿪˴˵أұڷȥ
صǸ糿ٳҶ֮Уŷ˿ڵӣ͵˵ҩҺľͰ֮УʱҩҺҩЧ˲䷢ӣסŷ˺۵壬
ʼͿĨЩҩҺֻǰֹѪѣҩͰ֮еˮЧģЧã̶Сʱŷϵ˺۾̶ˣɼҩ֮ǿᣬҲΪʲôҩʦᱻô𾴵ԭˡ
ֻҪӵ㹻Ʒҩ̶̼Сʱ;ԻָٶȣȷƵߵĵڶ
ӣҩռóһ·Ϻ󣬹ŷʱ䣬Ѿһˣһ𣬿ʼԴ
Թ⣬ŷȥȥѰҵڶĿˡ
ڹŷѾȫȫİﵱԼʥأŵһսͶһ֮˺õĵطΪʥ񲻿ϧ
ĸ߽Դ̫ˣ˹ŷȥѰĿʱҲҾұ̫ԶһŽԴޣͿƾ賬ٶұڣɴ˾ͿӹŽԴ޵׷ɱˡ
ŷɲɵܵϿȥѰԴޣǾͲĥ£
ʱ仺һʱ䣬ŷ嶼ѰŰ˽׳ڵԴޣȴûԸ;һͷŽԴޣŵùŷæұڣ׵ĸ߶Ȳͣô֮ȴɫѾȫεľԶٿٳһҶֻеټˡ
ڶ죬ŷԹ緹֮ٴϿף׵ĸ߶ȣʱȻʮӣùŷЦʵûǣļǵ÷ɿ죡
ұûһᣬŷͷһԴ޵ϢϸһӦһͷ˽׳ڵԴޣԷƺҲԼĴڣ˿Լķ
ŽԴܲϿڣŷ𲻵ʲôã͸ɴڲԼϢȻԼͷ˽׳ڵԴޣǾ޷ԼĴڵġ
գ۹ͷ˽Դ޾ܵ˽ǰŷ嶨һƣ־ȻһͷԴޣܡ
ԹֲƣٶȴǲôֻҪŷܹܹȥĹɱͷҲͲôˡ
Ҳϻͷǰŷֱ˫ɱ˹ȥӰ˲ʩչ塢Ӱýֱ񣬶ĹŷĹȴѾ
ৡ
˽Դ޵ǰ˽ԴޣȻҲΪŷûʹѹƵԭ򡣹ŷֻһ֣ͷܾ˹ŷһŭ𣬴űľ޴ֱŷ̳˫ӶУ֮ĵҲزС
Ȼ֪Ƶֲޱȣ츫ҲͬǰԵ˫þͻȽǵСŷҲܣ˫ӭŽܵ˫ƿȥֻ䡯һ죬ŷ岻ɶʱǿõȴûκ˺
̧һŷ巢ƵĽܾȻҲԼĹµ˰벽ȻԼĲҪСö࣬Ҫ֪Լֻһڵߣز˵ȥҲһȺˡ
⸫似ȻҪ֮ǰǿ˺ü֮ǰĻĹҿ»ñЩˣȴûˣܰ벽治켶似ŷ忴е˫Ц춼ϲ£ˣһ뵽Լ켶似켶似иӿĲѡ
ãȻӵôõҵ۷ͽΣŬɣ˼ˣŷжһɺ˫۷ŹĿǰͷܣһͳǰȥսһ
̶ӣŷ븫似ɱͷܣո׼ڵԴʱȻһǿϢ߼۶Ҳ룬ŷתܵұڵ£Ȼٶұڡ
⶯ͱQһŽԴ޵ϿȣСĻ治аŷо·ٽӽľŽԴޣ๼뵽ٶҲӿ


88 ɳĴ
һ¿ٳҶУŷ˫Ŀգϥղ;Уŷ͸оԼ·ĳϰ֪ԼҪͻˣ
սһζ֮һͻΪطŷԽԽϲˡ
ͲҪȥƣε֮һ˿˿ͬһŷ߻۶Ǽ䣬ͳԭеΪʼĩڽ
ͻƲûлʱ䣬ֻʮӶѣŷȻһĩˣ
ֻһͿԽ߽ߵˣŷϲ̶̼ʱ䣬ʹ߶ǣһֱߵĩΪ˽ٶȣһԳȵĹŷ壬ⲻһ
վŷ»ŵĹʣţֻҪǾŽԴޣԼܹһսˣڸղԼΪͻƵĩڵʱԼƺҲһ˿ı䣬ȻֻףǿƺҪ֮ǰǿˡ
ǿʲô̶ȣŷҲҿ϶ŷɲҿ϶һܹѹס˽ĩԴ޵ʵǲܹѹƣԲ֪
һ㶫֮󣬹ŷٴȥԼǸոͻƵĩڣȥҰ˽ĩԴ޵鷳ڣȥѰһЩ˽׳ڵԴӦӦʵȻȥҰ˽ĩԴ֣Ϊ׵İ취
ʵһζˣֻֻç޷ĴﵽΪ۷塣еʶǻԣԸҲ侲֮
ұڣղսĵص㣬ŷӦһܣûзԴ޴ڣżұߣѰŵĿꡣ
Ͽȹ治Ǹ߽Դ޵ľۼأһСξ룬ŷͷ˽׳ԴԼһͷ˽Դޣû⣬ȫŷɸ㶨ͷ˽Դս֮󣬹ŷΪҲĹѾȫӦڣŷ׼ȥҰ˽ĩԴ޵Ĳˡ
ܣɫȥҰ˽ĩԴ޵ĲҲֻзŵˣҹϿȸֲָϰ˵ԴȥŷɻܳԿֻұںúϢһϣټ
·أȻǸ߲ʳѾԶˣŷ岢ôõˮԴϢʱҩ裬ݵˡһ·ŷѾ߹һ飬Ѿˣ·ϵԴ޶Ѿɾ֮ǰСĥǰ˻ȥҲ˶ʱ䡣
Ȼͬŷ룬ȥ·ϲûٷԴ޴ڣ˲һСʱǸ߲ʳߣ߲ʳҲûԴˮŷ˳ľʹһͰˮȻ֮ǰҶ֮Уҩ裬ȴڶĵ
֮һڵʱ䣬ŷ嶼ȹģȻÿ춼ǲĵӣŷҲ˻˼ĺôֻ֮£ŷٶνǱǵٶȻҪ죬̶ʱ䣬ŷ似ͻƵ˻ñеȣΪԼ似Ҳܵ˵һ죬Աȵһ£
ңڹŷ԰˽ĩԴ޵ʱҲ֮ǰͷ綾ˣȻÿζսñˣҵҪܣҲûջġ٣ڹŷҲܹͬͷ˽ĩԴ޵һЩ˺ˣȻЩ˺۶ͷӴǿԴ˵ͲʲôҲĵȷȷһͻˡ
ʱŷҲͷ˽ĩԴԹ򣬲ȴô룬Ȼ޷ѹƶԷʵҲֻܹһ¶ԷһֵĹѣǵ㹥ڰ˽ĩԴ˵Ͳʲô˹ŷڶս;УҲʹˣ⿿űʵɱȴҲùŷӵˡ
һƲõ͸ذԤʾµһ쵽ŷҲʰöٴγˡ
ȥ߲ʳ´һͰˮͿԲٻصˣڹŷ嶼һΣΪľÿϢʱܹһͰҩ裬ҩڹŷʵİҲǼģΪʵŷ岻ںÿôһ·
ұߣһ·ŷüΪϤˣŲɣһܵλãһͷ˽ĩԴޣͷԴҲǹŷ⼸һֱսͷ죬ŷܣҪ
ԡ
Ӧŷĵ⼸һֱŷͷԴͷһŭĺУЩ죬ŷȷǳ׵ÿεҪɱʱͻұܣŪÿζֻܷŭĶұڵĹŷУȴ˿취
⼸һʼԼú޻֮ȻܹԼʮ˺ۣⲻͷԴĺٹ죬ԼǷñǸѹƣˣͷԴҲΣҪɱŭĵη࣡ٹ죬ĽԼ
ŷһŭĺǲһ̣˲˫ӭȥ˲䣬Ӱʹսһ
죬ŷҪͷԴ޵ͷԴޣҲͬڽŷ˫һսͶһƴӣսҲ˱øѪֻغϣ˫Ͼ˲ʮ˺ۣһ붼ɼǵ˿ڣѪֹĿģ
ŷ˿Ҳȫõ˼µĵزͻ֮䣬˫ͬʱ͵һƺߡ˸ŷͬʱսһ㣬ѪޱȵͬʱֳĿĻ
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ʱ˿̣Ѫ쭷ɣѪɣܵĻݶݲеһƬǽ壬֮䣬һĲĻ֮һĽ֮ͷ˽ĩڵԴȻȫɱۣͲȥ˼ƣƴĴ߷ʣıƱҪɱǰ࣬Ȼľˡ
ãǾһսɣŷڵıҲʣ޼޷ټּսȥˣͷԴƴļƣŷҲη壬һḫǰ׼Ĺ
ԡ
ӰٴνӴͷԴһŭĺУڽⳡѪȵս
ŷٴȾѪ飬лƤױؿڡ뱳֮⣬Ҳûһõĵطŷȴû˶ԼΪΪҪ۷Ĵۣ
ȻҪΪһôܣֻ̤꣬ʬǣιѪҺ󣬲ܹһһɾ˾۷ڣ
æһƿҩͳ˼ƿҩҺͿĨͿĨˣֱӺҵϵȫ˿ڣﶼܹơ
ͷԴڼҪɢԴ󣬹ŷʬ嶼ȥˣΪӦ˺üϢæƣʹ壬תұȥ
һ֮ǰͿҶ󣬾һˮľͰͳУ浹˺üƿҩҺ֮󣬹ŷæ˽ȥĸоʱȫŷҲһ
Сʱ֮󣬹ŷ˺۾ȫָ˹ұƺһ㣬߽׻Զÿ춼ܹٶĻ߽ףʵҲǶôңԶ


89 һ
ʱգת۾͹
ÿ죬ŷ嶼ڽͬһ£սսս
ȻޱȣÿоԼʵһ֮ǵ﷦ζͻʧתľ޾Ļϲ
ڣŷ԰˽ĩԴ޵ʱѾֻһ˾ܹɱԷĵزŽԴޣŷȴ
һιŷڻɱһͷ˽ĩԴ޺һͷŽ׳Դ޸ϵıĹŷսɶԷƸһͷųŷʵѹƵڣֻһغϣŷлƤ׾ͱԷһצץϡˣŵùŷתܣҺõʱŷʹұڱԵŵѣȻֻұԶһ㣬ŷܾѾͷԴһצӴӡ
µսŷʵڲϵսĥ£ҩ︨£ٽͻƵıԵ׵߽ףȴһ޴ķˮ룬ЩһӶܹŷ嵽ܹܲͻҪĻԵԼˡ
ֻҪһˮ룬Ǿ͵ǺգߵģܵһŴȨҪȥЩЩҲҵһԸ̶߳ȵĴˣֻҪһ߽ߣ͵һӶٳûԴʲôˡ
˵ֻҪΪߵģû˭ĹԴֻҪһ㶼ȥ
ΪֻҪΪߣͿԼ뵽ĳЩ棬ÿ¶ҪԴ߿ԼȥҰɱԴ޻ȡԴԴϵĲϣȻ⻹Ҫãã֪ôġ
Դ㣬ûбϵģֻЩûгΪߵͨˣȫǳٵ¶٣ߵ쵽û㹻ԴǵÿΪȱԴȥ࣬ͨ˾ռ˰ٷ֮ʮţİٷ֮һȴЩʵ΢ߣߣʵһ׳Դ޶ɱߣûĸǾ͸˵ԼȥҰɱԴˡ
ʵٽͻ֮⣬ŷ似ҲԶ˼似ŷ似֮⣬似Լ似Ҳͻƣ似еȣ似˻ñߵȡ
ŷҲ似ս۵ľ飬ֻܹܵ˾ܹɱ˽ĩԴ޵ģû似ɱ˽ĩԴޣ¾Ͳô򵥵ˡ
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һ쵽ŷոӣ׼ұʱȻұڶҡ˼£Ҷʯžž£ͬ˵һ㡣
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һֱ߰޺Ҷ޺¾Ȼҡ˼£ʯͬһ䣬ùŷľս
Ｘˣŷÿ춼ε޺𣬵ÿһΣûн޺߰ƣһ붼ӵƵ޺𣬹ŷҿ϶ǾŽĩԴ޷ģ
ء஡
һص޺£޺޺ȻɱȲһ޺𣬵ÿһҪȹŷǰЩ޺Ƶö࣬ŷȴ޷ƳЩԴ޵ʵ
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ڹŷ尵Բ²Щ޺˵ʲôʵʱȻоһضҡǻžžµʯӶˣЩԴѾǴˡ
ϿУԴ޴ܸǼΪƽģÿûҲΣսĶȴ֮һ뵽ŷвһ棬ȥƿЩԴ޵ս̶ֳȵսѵһģ˵ܹЩԴ޵սʲôսҲ˵׼
ȻʺҪսҲǲɻȱһ֣ͺһǺȻĳս裬ӶȻʣͻơսԸߵģҲһʲôȻּʼССǱȶļʻСҰ½ҲûгɹӣˣǿȵսŷҲȥƿ
ڹŷǿ׵߽׵ˮһпͻƵĻŷ嶼ŹŽԴ޵սŷﻹûʲôģر滹һͷŽĩڵԴڣҲԷһսԼпˣرûлƤױ¡
ôŷҲֲʣƬ̣һҧȥ˵һͽŵĨƴܱǣŻñߵȵҲôױ׷ϵģ
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ڹŷ¶ȥһʱ·Ǵһ죬ұھȻٴҡùŷзȣԼһ죬ҲԻӵģ
ԥŷһȥ⼸Ҽһ̷ӵ쾡£İ׵ĸ߶ȣӾͿҪϿˣŷ׼ȥ֮ʱɫһ䣬æΪӦͷԴԼܣ
ùŷɻǣ⼸ͷԴ޸ͲǳԼģһ룬ŷ˹⼸ͷԴҲ±ǼͷŽԴ޵ս˲Żæܵġ
ǺǣҸղŻĿЩԴսʱ᲻ԴͻȻĳأãȫˣҲ԰ĵĹۿЩԴ޵սˣŷ忴ŻæӴܵԴޣ΢΢һЦֽŲã¾ϿףȻ˳Ŵ򶷵СĵǱȥ
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ŷԽǿ򶷵ĵص㣬Ǵ򶷵ϲҡεĵԼʯµұڣùŷѪȣ˿͵¾ʮԼҲԷɱģ
໰
춯ص޺ٴһιŷýоرǿңƺԼڵѪҺ÷һ㣬ŷµĲɼӿ죬սϿȥһƣضź
஡
һ޺ŷóʹĺУֻһᣬһͷԴˣ
飡䣡
ŷСǰһ޴ʯŷæ˽ȥȻԴպÿ𾪵һĻ
һֻȴСϻͷͬСԴң˿·磡
ֻԴ޹ŷ嶼ʶһ߲ʳģͷϻͲ˵ˣǼǰŷͷϾëսͷԴޣһֻǹŷĵһֻͫɣֱֻһֻ֩룬һֻͷʨ
֩룬ǿޱȣĶˣʵ۷ɴŽĩڣ
ͷͷʨʨǿĴڣǿޱȵͬɴŽĩڣ
ŷʯ棬𾪵ĿһĻһսޣֻԴûһģҲֻͫˣڹŷĸӦУžŽڣ֩ͷʨȴѾ۷ڣŽĩڣ
Ȼ֮һս˿·磬һͷͫɣԼȴûһˣŷĿɿڴĿŽսһֻԴޣ˵
ǰһĻȷǼΪ𺳣ȻͷϾëǾŽĩڣͫɣͷ֩ͷʨҲͬǾŽĩڰһͷŽڵͫɣȻ޷ӮͷϾë
ѵ˵ͷϾëʮԴޣŷĿһ뵽ʹԼ뷨ʮԴ޵ĻﻹҪôսҪ˼Уʨ֩ľ͵ȫˡ
ˣˣ˭ǿ˭أȥս£ҡҡͷٶ룬ŷӶʯ棬ȫעĹۿս


90 һսޣ
ʵŷʯ沢ȥЩԴ޵ĸӦ˵ЩŽĩڵģ˵ֻŽڵͫɣҲͷԼĴڣֻ֮սԼһĩڣ޷һ˿вҲȥԼĴˣҲóȫ˹ŷ塣
ŷʯԭЩԴ޵սᲨԼô˵ôһʯȷҪȫࡣ
໰
Ȼ֮ǰŷͲ²޺ӦϾëģ˿ۿȴһˡ
ХɽޣȻﲻɽ֣ҲûаޣϾëǷХʱݵģµƣѾϾȫѹͷԴޣرͷͫɣһ컢ХӴȻһɼϾëХжôǿҵˡ
ء
ƽʱƵʨ϶ܹסԴޣϾʨҲֻǱ֮ϻһѣĶȴһͷϾëʨסԷϾëԣ֮ϣ£
໰
ֻϾëһƲĻХ֮Ӵ͵𣬾޴Ļצ֮ϴޱȵıֱͷͷʨͷʨҲͨԴޣͬҲϣҲڿ𣬾צٿϾëĻͷ
ϾëȶҪͷʨһ㣬֮޴ϵͷ­͵һƫͱܿͷʨһצͷʨһצȴֻӵϾëĺѣϾëһצȴֱĵͷʨʨͷ֮ϣֻһ죬ͷʨͷ­ĵֱƫһһغϣͷʨ԰һɡ
ϾëĶȴֻһͷͷʨͷŽԴޡͫɾͲ˵ˣʼһˣǰǸ֩뼫ΪգϾëͷʨս֮ʱȻܵһɫ֩˿ʹĸ˳ֱϾëĺ󱳣ùŷһľ
ɫ֩˿Ժо綾֩˿ԶһЩҪͣһճϣϾëĴüΣգùŷ岻ΪϾëһѺ
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Ͼë֮ĳƺɲǰǿģ㶼ö㣬ͷһбĻХֱľ綾֩˿ȻȥͷͷʨȻתֳ֩ȥȻղ֩յĹǳ׵ŭ
֩ҲǶǿңӵаȵܵÿѣĸǫ̀棬ʲôʲôʲôݣͫɶȲϣǾ͸˵Ͼëˣ˵ϾëһתɱȥʱȻŵתܣһԵĹŷһЦ
֩ҲǾŽԴеˣֻʽһ湥Ȼ̧ȾܣŽڵͫɶˣԴޣûи߽Դ޵һ˵
ô˵֩аȣôҲֻȵϾëܵÿ㣬ϾëҲ֪Լ׷ģҲȥˣһתɱͷʨ
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ͷʨҲѷŭȻҪϾëһ㣬ҲǾŽԴе۷ڣԷϾëʨҲͬǲݼ̤սһռϷ磬ҸղŽս֮Լͱһǣ⣬Ѿŭˡ
ϾëСֱֻǴСʨצſѪһſָǣʨŭɣȥ
ͷʨɱϾëҲǲӴֱͬ𣬻צ裬˵Ӱսһһʱ࣬ÿÿһڵأ涼ϼΣɼǹֲ֮
ܵ֩˿̾Ȼת˻ʱʱĴ쭳һ߶Һʱʱ³˿ÿϾëȥ׷ɱתӣŪϾëʤȴ޿κΡ
ͷŽڵͫɣʱȴѾˡڡǿȵսһŽڻ޷æοˣֻʱʱķһ𣬾ͺΪͷʨһ㡣
ʵҲϡ棬߽Դ޵ǻ۾Ѿȫ࣬οǾŽԴޣԻı֣Ҳϡƽ顣
غ䡫
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һԵĹŷĿתȫעĹۿһǾ춯صսʱʱüʱʱĵͷѾȫȻԼĴȫ֮С
Ȼŷ岢û˶״̬õĺôȴȶ٣رϾëͷʨְ͵ԴޣһаԵ˫Ļצ˺ҧ˹ŷεĸ
Ϊŷĸ似ߵİԵ·ߣ·ߵˣ˵ýģñ޵ģսǺʲôģǸ޷ʲôҲùŷаңðǰˣ
˵ʵûǿԸ似ŷȴ˸˽⣬ǲͻƲõĸ似ȻУһ˿˿ɶһ˿ɶͱʾţ似Ҫͻˣ
һȸ似ͻƵߵȣŷаٷ֮һٵģԼȫڲ˵£Ű˽ĩԴޣ似ΪõʵС
ȷͺñһһ׵ߣ켶似Ұ켶似߲ΣȫֱȥĽ׻׵ĸˣȻֻǱȷѣϣû˭ܹôʵͰ似ôߵģŷҲܣΪ似ΪศɵģûΪ޷似İ֮Ҳɴ˿ɼ似ǶôҪˣҲΪʲôҰ½ϵߣô似ԭˡ
սѾ˰Ȼʱ֩ѾսһԡϷͫҲͬսΪͷʨϾҪϾëһɣ֧ˣٲսĻһϾëɱͷʨǽͽǵĩˡ
֩ͫɵսϾëЩѲڣȻͷԴ޵ҲϲϾëһĹͬСһϾëϾͶٵĳһЩ˿ڣҲЩȥҲԶˡ
໰
ϾëһХҲ֪ȥĿ϶ԼȥЩֱӲȡķһʱ䣬ǱռϷͷԴ޾Ȼѹˣ˿ڼ࣬󵽵˭ʤ˭䣬Ҳ޿Ԥˡ
üһ֮ȻģһսܴҪһսһ˭ĵ֣ϾëһԵĹŷҲһ󼤶һˣŷвУһսŷ࣬Ϊ似ողͻûõԭ򣬿ڶѾͻˣȻˣҲҪ˶þͿ϶ܹͻƵߵȣʾٶȣ˶֮⣬Ҳֻйۿ˴սܹˡ
໰
һХһȴһŷĿղյ֩Ͼë֮ʱ͵һ߶Һֱ䵽Ͼë˿ϣգۼ䣬˿ھͱڵˣϾëҲս½ȫһ°ѿԼǿϾëӣⶾԣƵһˣ


91 ɣ
֩붾һͷʨͫһвϾëҲ֪ԼˣϲôҵȥҪҲҪᣡ
䣡
֪Լ϶ҪˣϾëĹҲ͸ӿ𣬾ȻʹóĴ򷨣ԴΪ׼ҪȳЧҪ̶ʱڣȻٽʮףͷʨ⼸ͷŽ׵Դôܳܵˣ
ԴΪ׼񱩵ǾŽϵԴ޲ӵеͬЧһܹʵҲؽһ£ûĸԴ޻ʹ
֪Ͼëȴûֹ˼ˣֻУ˲ɱ˻Ӧͷʨ֩룬ɱͫɿɲǼȥͬ飬ʱӦ˹ҲæԴΪ׼Լ񱩵ʵ˲ͽ뵽˾ŽĩڣȻӲĳס˵ϾëĹֱϾëʧĵڵϡ
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֮ϾëҲܲס붾ԵĽǺʹ˿ƣ˵ϣȴûмȥ㲻֮֮֮ǿҲһԴ޿ɱȣҲԶˡ
ͷʨˣ֩ҲˣͷֻоŽڵͫɻ󣬲ڵĿҲˣգ۹򲻵ҲûҲֻǷɱûнûκϾë練Ƶġ
󡫣
ƺڶϾëĸƺڳЦ֮Լצ£ֻͫ۾˸ѪĹâ̧˫צĹһצ㹻ȥϾëˡ
ռ
һֻһ֧޴ޱȣ׵Ĺ˲һ㵵ͫɣѾֻͫԲ޷ȫֹܿһ৵һɲǼͶļһȭͷСѪ
󡫡
˴һѪ۵ͫɴֻͫ˲Ѫ˿Ż߳ˣĳ˹ȥ
ŷĮһ޼ṭ˫һӭ˳ͫɡ
ղŵصϾëֿ˿ʵ󽵵ͫɣһͷȻԺ֣Ҳ޷ѹ˵뷨ۿͫɾҪɱصϾëˣҲ룬óѾõ޼ṭʹûʹùġľУռ
͡츫ķնһռҲǡľУΪʱŷ嶼ûôϰȼѾˡ츫̫࣬ҹŷҲϰ似ˣϾ̰ãһֱûлʹУǷӳӦеһͶ˾ŽԴ޵壡
ৣ󣡡
ִ˵ͫɣʵûʲôˣڵҲֻܹӳ˽ĩڵʵʵŷӦǺɵģֻغϣͫһ˿ڣͫȴŷ½Ƕû
ʮغϲͫɾͲĵ˵ϣŷȴûʱȥˣΪ˵ڵϵϾëѾҪˡ
æ첽ܵϾëǰŷɫĮ˵֪ܹö˵ĻĻͳҰɡ
ϾëȻöŷĻ֮ܳһࣿ˶ҲȥһԼ࣡
໡
뷢ХʾԼʵ̫ˣֻһ΢Ҳ޷һ˿ˣɫ˫ֳͫĲмȴʵʵڵı̬ȡ
ԽԽϾëŷн֣ղʯ棬ſҪ˵ϾëԼ˵ͫɣ֮ͷ޷Ƶð˳Ȼ뷨ܷ񣬵ҲǲܵģŷȻǵ͹ϣڿԼķвͨ
룬ŷæͳһѽⶾģ˵ҩͷϾҪɢ˵Ͼë˵ЩҩȫԱ֤㳼ңͿ԰Ȼңһܹʵڶʱڻָ۷״̬
Ͼëȴٿŷһˣֱӱ˫ۣȴĵ
ŷ忴˰龰ʵЩʣһֱץͷ߽ԴԼ˽µۣΪԼһվ۷壬ֻоŽԴ޲ԼսķʱԻɱ˽ԴޣûȥֻԼܹɱŽԴ޵ʱֱӽһͷŽԴ޵ԼԼ£ͷȥϾëɾһõĻᣬ˹ŷ岻ǰ˵ǲʵˡ
ۿϾëҪȥˣŷһ˳ֱϾëѹǵ˲ͷţԹŷ岻мһ˵Ͼë˲յͫĿŹŷ壬Ȼֱſ죬һʺѪҺƮ˹ŷ壬˹ŷĶͷ֮С
ŷĿͻȻתһĻЩزǵξѪԼĶͷʱһϾëͨĸоͳ˹ŷԺ֮УϾëޱȵϢҲʱͱŷоˣȥͻȻһĻæЩҩͺҵϣﵹȥһҲ˲˷Ѳ˷ѡ
ҩϾëϢЩǿôһϢˣŷҲһȻɺˡ
ȻˣŷʱղϾëΪʲôȻԼˣŷͷһԺ֮Уһ˿ˣŷ֪Ͼëһ˿
ʲôԴޣֻҪĳˣͻǸ˼һ˫ʲôԷܹڵһʱ֪ȻԣȴԻҪ׶ΪֱԷе뷨
˹ŷϾëȻҲ֪˹ŷеɻ󣬳ڹŷԺеһ˿ϾëĻ
Ͼëһ˿һڹŷԺ֮УŷΪʲô᳼ԼˣΪԼϸܵ˵ϢӵϢˣĳɾ;Ʋͣǳɾʮ׶пܣԼҡ
ŪϾëĻĹŷ岻ɵһЦǵϢӦþԼͷųˣڽĳɾͣŷҲԼԲֹھŽףΪֻеʮף۷壡ⲻԴ󣬶ţԣŷ̹ȻĽˡ
һѵҩܿͱϾëˣȴ̫ˣһΪǾŽԴޣôҩͶ𲻵ʲôãڶվվ˹ŷִҩռͳһѵҩһƿһƿľϵ
ֱŷԪҩǿʵҩﶼ˵ʱϾëڻָòˣΪʹ˿񱩵ʵȴֱӴӾŽĩ½˾Ž׳ڣҪָԭ۷״̬²һʱɵģҪҩҲ϶Ǻֵûʱȥҩˡ


92 
뿪˵ذɣȥҸط˵ŷ忴˿ݲеһƬǽܣתͷϾë˵
ǹŷϾëȡ֣Ȼֺܡŷʵ벻ʲôˣ˵Ҳܲ˵㣬С
ǣˡϾëͲںԼ֣ŷĻ󣬱ش
ŷ˵ͷ׼뿪ʱȻӴһ˿Ҳڹŷ֣ˣɡ
ŷһЦЦ˵ʵûӦһͷ֮ת䣬̬Ҳܾһﵽıϡ
ıϺ󣬹ŷ廹оһ㣬֮ŽĩڵϾëʱȻԼ־޴ķùŷһʱӦˡ
ܵٶ磬ϵĹŷȴһ㶼ûоΪƽȣ߷ٵ˵ľ󣬹ŷ廹ΪԼ˿ǲļùݵϡ
ıҲܿ񣬾Ҳ˿ӵֻŷһȻǴ´ģϿҲҪκεΣˣʵ˵˾Ž׳ڣҲûͷԴ޻֮ϣ˹ŷȫԱ˫ۣݵļٸо
սĵط߲ʳǺԶһʮ׵ٶȣûùŷܶԴ޵ĿУգۼ㵽߲ʳ
໰
յ˴Ȼһ߰ĻХŷɻȥԭһͷŽԴˮһХ֮ͷŽԴ޾תͷܣŷ֮ǰĶزؼֱһ죬һء
ŷһ˻˿߲ʳԼ֮ˮٲɵ˵ͷ
ŷﶨ
ΪϿȶֻôһˮԴеԴ޶ˮŽϵԴҲѾ޷Լκв˽ԴҲҪȥȥѰˣֱžͿԣõĵطƵʥأ
ڹŷļƻÿ춼һͷ˽ԴսȻʣʱ䶼ҩΪҩʦȼͬţŷͲɿĵЦ
ʵ⸽ӵĻٶȾԲΪҩǻΪ֮ǰŷÿ춼ΪѰҰ˽Դ޶˷˼ʱ䣬ÿһŽԴ޻ûʱܣﶨӣ͵ǰѰҰ˽Դ޺ܵʱҩˣһ͵ǲ˷һʱˣ뵽ŷҲ಻סе뷨ɨһֱܺܵ˾߲ʳұԱߣ˫Ϳʼ䶴
϶Ҫ֣ôӴ޷ȥȻ˵ҲҪסҶǿʣǷ紵ʲôκӰ죬ŷҶȴĻô˵ŷҲܣ˵߼ٳһܹҶǶôѵһ¡
ͬвһ㣬Ƕͨ˵Ӳޱȵʯ߼£ֻһСʱĹͱһҶȻŷָĥƽЩͻʯ飬ֱҶ⻬ޱ֮󣬹ŷĵ˵ͷ
ƿܹܲչÿ˫ŷػ˵
ǣˡŷе뷨Ȼ֪ģȻȷҪҶڷ絲꣬ŷܹΪԼ룬Ǵĵ׵ĸжڳڹŷҲûһ˿뷨Ȼȫʵĳˡ
طллˣ߽ҶУ߶˼ҶȷǺܿʣôǿôں紵򣬵ˬҶУ϶ҪúܶģŷĿ⣬Ҳӵ
ţǺãӽ쿪ʼǵסˣŷ΢΢һЦһľͰҩƿͳͳҶУȻ˾ﶨˣҩŷҲˣҩռ价Ȼãȴ̫ţԶԶûϢ
ˮķԴ޵˻𡢴򶷣һжĻȻҩҪ԰Ļֵĵطҩһûкô٣ֵĻ£ܹҩʦע;ҩĳɹԼٶȻȴܹٶȣô˵ҲҪöࡣ
Ҳǹŷ壬ҩʦ޲ԽԽãΪǵĳɹʱ͵ͣټֵĻǳɹʲøӵͣҪģЩҩʦûҩռȡ֮ҩ԰޷ܸӴģԣַҩʦȼģҰ½ϣҲ͹ŷһˡ
ѶһһڷźãŷľͰͬ£߲ʳȥ
Ȼ˵߲ʳԶŽԴ淢ĻҲ޷ڵһʱϹģ߲ʳӦƣ޷ӦԶԴޣ˰߲յġ
ŷո߽߲ʳͿһͷ˽׳ڵԴڵͷˮŷͨȻ֪Դ޶ԹŷûκвҲ֪ŷҪԴĥԼɴƲŷһͬͷԴ˹ȥΪ˷ֹͷԴ޷֮ܣרܵͷԴ޵ıסȥ·ŷ˲һЦ˰취ǡã
Ϊܹ赲Ӧ߲ʳߣԵŷ忿ͷԴ޶ʮ׵ʱͷͷˮԴ޲Ų˹ŷĴڣȴĽûüͱŷȥֱӺ
һŷĩΪдиɵͷ˽׳ڵԴ޺ͫеĹâٴδʢԽɱһԽ˺üȻӵеƵˣ
ߣŷֱһŴľͰͰڣһŴľͰĵײҨˮ߲ʵˮҺ뿪󣬱峺ޱȣûһɫʣŷװˮľͰһߣͶӣϸĶĳ۲
ǰҲǺ죬ȴΪ̫Σˣֻѹסеĺ棬ȴǿԺúõооˮΪʲô߲֮ɫ뿪ˮ峺ޱȵˡ
ŷ̧ͷǸ߲ٲȥϸ۲£ʵˮԭ߲ʵģǸٲʯɢ߲֮ɫųеˮҲ߲ɫ
ŷƺʲôæͷȥߵʯͷ߲֮ɫŷص׿ȥȴǺһƬͬһ޵֮һ㣬ĿҲ޷ĵײ
ܿص𣿡룬ǾŽĩԴޣ϶ҪԼĺãǹŷͶһʵ
ˣҲصףȫǺһƬصӦòΣգȻһ˿˿εǿЩȴºͣûйҡҡ޴Ļͷش
ûԴޣŷʵ
Ѿ˼ǧˣȻûзԴ޵ĴڣҲܰٷ֮ٵĿ϶ҪȥƵĻҸһȥɣȻˮҵʵƣȴҲһԴ޿Եֵġ֪ŷǱصȥƣҲûµصȥ˵Ǿ仰ȴ͸¶İ⣬֮İ⣡
ŷĻ󣬳Ƭ̣̲סеĺ棬͵һͷȻ¾ѵϵͨһһͬ˳֮С


93 öɫʯͷ
ʵùŷĳص浽ʲôǺǲɫʯͷĻȫԵٲʯ¼оͲҪȥѰҴ𰸡
һˮУǱĳˮͰס˹ŷ壬ŷȫë״󿪣ҩЧЧĳˮûһ㲻ʵĸоʣ߲֮ɫˮҺΧͺǲĳֻþһ㣬Ϊ档
תͷȥĸԼߺ󣬹ŷҲͲͣһصǱȥ
ߵķλǿ󣬾Сʱûκ⣬˹ŷҲõû⣬ŷ廹治ðա
Ǳȣŷ循ȵķ֣Ȼ֪Ǳ˲°ˣȴһƬûκر֮
һҹͳ˹ŷУ⼸ҹǹŷһλɱ˼ҪɱԼ߰лõģʱҲû̫࣬㶪ҩռ֮Уȴ벻ó
˼ҹڰޱȵĳоͬ˼յ͵ƣȻЧȴҲҪȫڰһЩ
ŷ巢֣ԭˮҲ߲֮ͬɫģҹҫ£ͷۼɫʣΪ̫ԶˣŻһƬˡ
ֹͣ³Χƿж˵һ󣬹ŷżҹεùŷ循ȵǣײȻΪӴε˺һڣҹӨӨĹŷ岢ûзʲô쳣ĵкһ֮󣬾ͼǱȥ
Ǳ˰СʱؾˣǵǱٶȿǼģǱûһǧҲа˰ˣĳǹġ
ٵŷǱʮӺ󣬹ŷڷһЩ쳣æͣԶ׹ȥҪиֻŽĩԴڵĻǾҲǱɵˡ
ˣ沢ûԴ޴ڣЩһЩɫʯͷɢġȻǹŷԱģֻһۣ㿴״ĵ׶Թŷ˵
ɫʯͷȻûдԭˮҲͬǱЩʯͷ߲֮ɫġŷ˵ͷ϶е뷨ߣȥƿЩʲôʯͷ
ٴ³ǿԶĳصףǱ˰СʱŵԶֻһĵײµײŷŷʵǾ޴ޱȣԼҩռСҪһ㣬鲼ص׵ĲɫʯͷûйߵҫȻʶĿЩνıʯ֪Ҫÿ϶ٱ
ǿԭһ˿˿ȻЩʯͷɢģŷոһӽͺȻоһǿĪѹԼǹŷ弰ʱųĻڹŷ嶼ǿѹƵֱϢȥˣɼǺӴˡ
ıŷĸоûôǿˣ˿ܣޱȵĳصױյޱȣȷȷûʲôΣ֮󣬹ŷͶӣ־һʯͷۿ
һɫʯͷʵػǱʯһ㣬ɫҪȱʯԼ⣬һһǿޱȵĻŷ廹Ϊһɫıʯˡ
ҿŷ嶼ûоʯͷͷôŷȥȴ˿Ϊùŷ岻ɴй
ʯͷŷһۿʯͷȴֻһɫ̺Ǹں˱ԴƺҪȿʼǿɫʯͷҪϽӽٱùŷΪȣһɨȻͬʱʯͷһӦʱЩЩʯͷɫ塣
ιŷһźϺɫһźȺɫĲɫʯͷǿֻɫĲɫʯͷ̺ǸղǿֻһɫʮȴֵڸոյǿɫʮɫģֱɫĸʮһʵġŷһȻǧ
Ϊ˿϶ԼĲ룬ŷֶ⼸ʯͷʯͷۿֹȻͬԼɫԽʯͷ̺Ҳ͸ǿ󣬲˺þãŷҲûٷɫӶʯͷˣɫӦˡ
ɫӳʯͷͬԴǰ㣬ֻнɫĲǵȼߵģһЩֻһֽɫʯͷ̺ɫʯͷ̺һģЩɫɫʯͷɫҲ̶˹ŷͶһۣЩʯͷɫֵȼģʲôɫ֡
ٴκúõϸһ֮󣬹ŷҲûٷʲôر֮ˣȻһʱ䣬ҲӽСʱˣٲȥĻԼΣմˣŷɲȥҰ½ϵһˮߡ
һŷһУһƬЩʯͷ뵽ҩռ֮УȻЩɫĹŷյ࣬ЩһɫֻʮѣŷٲЩʯͷЩʲôҲЩʯͷʲôȥҲ֪̺ģ
࣡
ȹŷһӳðͷһ־޺𣬹ŷ̧ͷȥһЦһͷ˽ĩԴ޴˿ǾֵĿԼرǿȻŵȫܶˣģǶˡ
ŷҲףͷԴ޸ոտ϶ڳˮģȻһͷ֮Ͼëð˳ôܲŵͫŽԴ¶Ҫοһͷ˽ĩڵԴޣûŵֱǺõˡ
ƺÿͷԴһֱۣ˰˶ɫëˮ֮󣬾̧ͷͦأݵͷԴ޵ıȥ
ͨĹŷ忴вɴߵͷԴޱ󣬲ȥסܵȥ·𣿹Ȼõս飡
˫ŷͷԴ޳ȥԼɱĹŷ壬ͷԴҲ¶Ѫ׹⣬ȴŷ壬Ƿһ޺𣬾ͳŷӭȥ
Ӱ˲佻սһ𣬴սʮغϣ˫ˣŷҪСö࣬СͿԺԲƣ⻹ΪŷۿǳսŻˣǳսȻûùŷͻʲô似ҲͻƵıԵôҲùŷʵӲˡ
࡭
ͷԴ޵һⳡͬѹԵսҲˣٿŷϣ˿ȴȼѣϲ˵ùŷǺһ˷ܡ
˽ԴƺѾûôˣɾŽԴһоͿҪҵٶȿҪŻˡŷ忴ŵصͷԴޣü뵽
ˣһͷ˽ĩԴûõĻҿȥһͷͷӦ㹻սˡһԵȻ˹˵
ѽⷽһͷǾͷͷǾͷãԺôˣŷ۾һʵҲû취ˮԴޣһͷһͷģھѣʱͷӦ˹;ҲͲΪûԴսˡ


94 
صסŷǼһ޴ȻֱӴҩռóһֻϴԴ޷濾ôӴҲֻһֻԴ޲ܹĶӡ
ʵǿֱӳģŷ岢ˣͺԼһͬסҶһԼĿ⣬ȴѪܵ⡣
׹ŷ˼ͫвٴһ˿ͣŷûаһİԼͬ飬ܹˣˡ
һֻԴ޿͸ˣһҶ֮УĨϺζŨˣһԵ̲סʿˮôζ붼ҪԼǰԹóԶˣ
ȻҧµһʱִۣζʱͷȥˣȻſѪڣɴſԣʼζ
ŷ忴ڴڵ̳ԼԴ⣬ǲùŷҲʳ󿪣ԼǷҲĨһЩϺ󣬾һƨϣһһޣΣصϿаݵĳʳ
˶ӣɫѽܺˣŷһԱ󣬾ʹҩռһЩҩĹȻʼҩ
ȻҹҲͬޱȣŷҩ츳ȴǸΪ죬ֻһѾߵһж޸ˣ񼫶ȼУԴСŷҩʱ䣬һжԵôȻ
ʱڶڣ䵱ػһֻ۵ԴҩѰͻͷų֮ƣʾǲҪߣȻŨҩЩԴ죬ԼȴԵ΢ˣ˵һܵϢ޲βͱӣɼ֮ԴеǺεȵľˡ
Сʱת۾͹ֱҹʱ֣ŷֹͣҩվ䶴ʱŪһʯϰڷŵĶʮƿɺ⣬Լҩٶȣ˲٣
ʱѾǰҹˣϸոҩĵľŷҲЩˣ裬˵һЩҩôԺ󣬾һʯϣ۾˯ȥ
ڶ죬ŷľ״ֱ̬ˣһʱģʱ۵һЦ˳
ֻӴҩԣֻ޴Ļһ˵С֥İƿҧ˰źòҧ˸СİȻͷ˫ŰƿﵹҩǸƿʵ̫Сˣִ˫Ʒ϶֮л³ǸƿУ˫żﵹǺ񻬻ģùŷ̲סŶӹЦ
ˣŷЦæתͷȴǸƿֵõĻٴ̧һֻƣԴᣬŻͷ˼£ֻ硯һƿһεĵ˵ϡ
ϣԲ㲻ƿˡŷһЦֱԽԽίı󣬲סЦǸ
ҪɣԺҪֱӵ㣬ҩҩЧʧҲŽƿͷŷҲûð취˵ðƿװĻҩЧ϶ͻʧģֻԼˡ
ллˡͷ˵ʵȷǸƿŪ÷ʤȴֲΪŷ˵ƿޣǲҪŪˣŻᱻǱֱ°ƿθҲֻǷַӵ顣
¼ƿӣŷﵹȥôƿҲ㹻Сʱˣ֮ٸԼƿˡ
ߵʱɫѾˣʱ߲ûԴҲùŷԸȥѰҰ˽ĩԴˡ
˺üǧ꣬ʲôԴϿǸ߽Դ޵ľۼأЩ˽ĩԴ޾ͬһѰֻʮӣŷĻֻ˽ĩԴޣϡ
֨ϣ
ֻ˽ĩԴƴǽ뵽ŷ۽֮ͣԭأûټϣû׷ϣֻԴҲͲٺˣһߵĹŷʱͳͳĿ¶׹ĳ˹
ŷһ¶˿˿˷ܣֻ˽ĩԴޣѾ㹻ڵԼĥˣ
˽ĩڵԴޣȻһֻԹŷ첻ʲôвֻһĻǾͲͬնˣɲһһô򵥣ֻĹҪȵһֻҪǿǿȣôҲŷһˡ
սɣ
ŷ忴ԽԽͷԴޣ˫ֽ˲˫һͶ־ɱͷԴޡ
ԽǿԽԼȻԼΪҲԽ죬һ뵽ŷȫͺ޾һ㣬ֻսֻԡѪսֻԡѪ֮սܸĳɳ
ͬʱֻ˽ĩԴޣŷҲȻ壬ʮӰ˲ߣʱԻסֻԴޣڣŷʩչеȵĸ似಻ֻԴޡ
ৣͣ
˷ֻԴȴûʲôˣǲŽսغϵĹŷѾȫȾѪ˿ܲˡҲֻһЩС˿ڣ˿Ƚ֮⣬ҲûӰ졣

ŷٴһȣԽսԽ£츫İԵ֮һȫչ֣ŷԺ֮кȻԴ޵ս棬ǰ۷粻лطţսеĹŷе˫ȻҲ֮Щı䣬øӵİԵԭ·ĴȻĻתȻɻǴ·磬ȴҲҲûôǱˡ
սڼŷ˫սֽת䣬ֱͷԴ޴ƽɫֹͣ˸
εĸ򲢲Ƕ򣬶ֻǴսѣҲùŷĸ似һŷƣͷԴ޴ս֮Լĸ似ضͻƵ߼
սȻת䣬ŷҲͷԴսɫŷڵıҲֻа˽ĩڵĳ̶ȶѣͬʱͷԴ޴սŷıҲЩ֧ˣٴδս˼ʮغ֮ڵıڿҪݽߣսȥԼĴͼΣˡ
໰
˽ŷ崦Ȼ˹ͷԴ޾һХͷԴǱХŵһ飬ȻҲķҪɱĹŷ壬ת͸֮ززˣתۼ䣬ʧӰ١
ʵոȫ˲ɱͷԴޣŷȴԼɱ˾ͷԴȥˣڴˣﻹܵõ
ҶٻȥŷֱӾ͵ϥʼ˸ղŵǳս似һһʽڹŷԺлطţš
Ȼŷͬǵ˫ۣо˷֮ɫͬǰ㣬ⳡսԼĸ似Ϊ˳ľͻƵ߼ȣ
߼ȵĸ似Ҫ׸ߵȵĹǿ˺üùŷͷԴ޴սһĻԿڱĴ֮ǰͻɱǣ
΢΢һЦŷϲվԽʵ似ҲӼѣһСĿ粽˸˺һˣοôһ粽Թŷȵľ˿ҲǼѡ


95 ƷƷͼ
Ȼ似߼ȣȫԻɱͷԴˣŷȴûȥϹԼĿĲΪɱ¾Ϊĥ£죬ͷԴޣȻһͷ˽׳ڵԴ޹ˣܹĥµá
Լĸ似ˣŷȴûԴ󵽶սͷ˽ĩԴ޵ĵزͷ˽ĩڼһͷ˽׳ڣʺڵԼ
ȻʵĿѾﵽˣǹŷҲûټһͰˮ󣬾ٴλصҶУʣʱ䣬ȫҩɣ
ŨҩЧƮҶ֮Уػڶڣŷȫעҩ
Ȼŷ˫۾һѸһյİƿȻٶȰѳ¯ĵҩŽ棬һ¯ɡ
ŷ˲ͷĺ飬˿İƿЦ
ΪʱȽϳ棬һֱҹһϰƿҩٶȣȷˡ
Ҫ֪Щҩʦһ춼ܹƳʮƿŷȴǿʮ࣬ŷҩ츳ȴҪʸ죡
ҲΪƵֻǵһҩѣŷƵҩĻǽͲһˡ
ҩƵġ
ϴΰɷҩʱҲһٶףȴ˺ü졣Ȼ˵ڹŷҩʵʱ࣬ҲһͿġҲҪʱ䡣
ϰƿҩ֮󣬹ŷҩҲ˺ĳɳϴһǧƿ֮󱾾ҪͻƵļټϽƵô࣬ͻƵļӵˣҪ˶ãŷĽҩͽҩʦƷϵҩʦҩʦˡ
ƷҩͽƷƷҩʦҩʦҩͽΪĲͬȫǵȽϵƷϵһΪҩʦǲܵĴԶԶҩͽҩʦԱˣȫһһµĲ𣬵ȻҩʦҩʦԵģͨ˵ҩͽҩʦҲǼͽˡ
ʮʱ֣ŷող˼ƿҩͺȻü䲻ȶԭƵҩˣŷȴûʱȥΪҪͻˡ
ʮҩӭͻƣŷæȶϾ»һء
ҩʦͻƺͻһģ˵ҪϸͻƵʱˣǲ޷ͻˣеľ˶˵ҩʦͻƣһ
Ҳ֪˹ŷڵæܵ⣬ͷųԼƣǷΧһڣûĸԴ޻῿
ػŷҲǳ׵ķȫͶ뵽ͻƵУͻǵľһ˿и
ƷߵȣƷߵ۷壬޽ӽϰͻƣƷȣ
һ·ͻͽֻ˲ʱ䣬ŷľͻϰƷӴˣΪһ˾ҩʦҩʦ
Ȼͻˣŷ岢ûֹͣǻԺеһЩƷҩȻѡһֵҩٲһЩҩģͿʼ
ͼͻƷ֮ҪһڣȻͼҩҩЧûʲô̫Чȴһҩʦһĳνͺ˵һ㣬ҩʦɻȱһ֡
ӵоƷߵȴʦҩʦеĹŷ壬Ȼ֪ȥҩͼֻҪҩ湴ճͿˡ
ÿһλҩʦֻܹһͼ˹ŷ岻òضС
ţŷԺ֮ͻȻһ⣬ԼʱΡ߷壬ֱһεضƺ֮ɽ壬˲ĥӡ󣬶ԼҲһ塯֣ɽͼҲԼֺУǣŷľԹɽΪ׼ճԼͼ
뵽һΡ׳۵ɽ岻ڹŷȻԼ뷨һЩ޸ģ̶Сʱһɽֱ죬ƣֲʧׯصɽͼڼҪɵĵҩ֮й˳ҩҲ֮ɣŷæžӨ͸ĵҩУճΡ׳۵ĳʱЦ
ȻԹɽΪ׼ճģŷȴ«ưһģһǼһЩԼ뷨ȻٰΪһЩĵط޸һЩһȹӺ󣬸Ρ룬׳۵зͼ˳ǹŷߣٴοͼʱҲǲɱׯصϢһʧ׳ĳѼ
Ȼ֮壬ԺΪƷ塯ɣŷõҩúõĹ۲һͼ󣬾͸Լĵҩ󣬡Ʒ塯νؽ£
һϵ㹻ֵƿЧˣƷ֮ĵҩҲҩͽƵһ¯ʮˣƷ֮󣬾ҩҲֻһŵҩԼһҩҺһĸһ¯һŻһΣҩЧȴǱһ¯ʮҪǿϲ֪ٱǰѶʮҩҩЧȫںһ棬ҩЧȻ֮ǰɱȵġ
ллˡ˿ҲѾ߽˶УŹŷǿžӨ͸ɢޱȵĵҩȻ˵ƷȵҩûжЧȴҲҪƷߵȵ֪϶٣ȻʵָİҲ͸ˡ
ҪǾĻָԭʵܹסԴޣҲǾԵġ
ͺñЩŽĩԴޣɲֻƾͿסģŽĩԴͬԼϣ׵ľͱƸסĻǾͲ۷Դˡ
˵ҪҲûͷŽĩԴ޻ô˵Ͼ֮һֻŽĩԴ޸޷κвҲͬͷʨ֩ͫǰһԿȻǰʵû½¡
ʵ½˾Ž׳ڣҲֻܻɱŽԴޣսƽŽĩԴްˣŽԴܱյϿУǾ԰ȫģˣŷ͸һҩγԣֻҪָܹԭʵУ
Чôϵ֮󣬹ŷͼæʵ
ϵƷǿʵĵҩǹŷһƳƷҩҲ֪ԼƵҩҩЧΣԲŻ˽ŵʵ
Ʒ֮󣬳ҩһ¯ֻһݣ뱾ӳɹ֮⣬ҩЧҲֳ˵ȼ
ΪͨһҩʦƵҩҩЧԼֻļңһ붼
һЩżҩʦҩЧ弶ңֻڰ֮ǻ
һЩҩʦƵҩҩЧﵽ߼
ȻͨƵҩֻļѣҪСļҩЧ͹˵ҩЧͶżİˣļҩЧҩҲֽʹΪƬһֹ࣬Ϊ࣬ҲΪҩļ۸ҪԶԶЩҩЧﵽ弶߼ģԣҩһ㶼Щͨϲ


96 ߽ףٴαǵ
һЩҩʦƵĴﵽ嵽ҩЩеģʵǿ׷Ȼ۸˲٣ֻҪܹǸ࣬ǲں໰ôһԴҵġ
߼ҩЧҩȴͨ߿õˡ˵ҩļǮҩЧҩҲͬҩ˵ٵòˣҰ½ϣ֪ûָô࣬ҩʦѾԶЩԼУҩﵱȻҲЩڲԱʹˣûôǿҩЧҩԣܹģҲֻЩҩЧֻҩˡ
ŷôҩҲ뿴ԼƵҩҩЧ׵ʲôȼŷţԲ߼ˡ
ҩĹģžƷߵȴʦҩʦһУżҩ츳Щ˭š
ˣ⣬ŵҩҩЧһϵͫǲŵĿŹŷ壬ȻһνˣϵҩЧȼﵽ˰˼
࣬ԴޣֻҪбͶܹжϳҩҩЧĵȼ˹ŷĻû˿ɣ˼ҩЧŷҲˡ
Ҫ֪ǱΪҩϪҩҩЧҲ߼ѣԼȴﵽ˰˼⻰Ҫ˵ȥû˻ţ
һ룬ŷҲͲΪʲôֵˡ
Լҩ츳ʱ򣬿ֱʮھͳɹƳһƷеҩģϪڰٴڣƵĻһƷȵĵһҩԶ׼˿ԼƵҩҩЧҪϪĶ࣬ҲͲΪˡ
תͷһ˿̾ȻԼͫڵҩЧŷͲһЦĵҲЩڴǾͲٶ룬װöʼϵ
ŷҲϵЧΣĩΪȥƷȵҩٶе˷ѣŷɲںֻҪ룬˷Ѷٶû⣡
ҩռҩɲһһ֣ҩǿٴģ⼸ʱ䣬ŷǰùЩһƷҩѾ³ЩƷҲ𽥳죬ƷϵģܻҪʱ䣬ϾԽǸƷҩģʱԽҲ˵ֻҪʱ䣬ҩռҩ͵ȡ֮֮ˣͲҪں˷Ѳ˷ѣ
ŨҩٴƮҶ֮УصҩЧȴҪǰŨ˲֪ٱҲѾϣϾֻƷȵҩҩЧȼٸߣҲޣŷֿʼҩ֮󣬾ԾܵڴĵΪŷػ
ʶ˹ŷ廹ʮʱ䣬ŷչʾһоѾװ۷ټϹŷȫûĵİԼĻ飬ⲻԹŷھһͷʮԴҪɱŷĻҲػڹŷǰ棬ˣûκˣκܹ˺ˣ
ʮӺ󣬹ŷǿžӨ͸ĵҩϸһǷƷͼʱ̲סֱǺƸסˣһŻعȻſ죬ȥ
ҩڼϸŷȫ澭ȵĸоȫ͸
Ȼûùŷúøһʸоڵıֹס궯ŷжʱһ벻ȻϵǿҵҩЧ£ԼʵҪͻˣ
ʵҲΪŷ屾ʹ۷״̬ˣûϵĸҲҪ˼¾ܹ˳ͻƵ߽ףֻϵİʹǰ˼¶ѡҲҩ֮
ŷͨڵһʱ֪˹ŷ״Ȼи̾Լ˲ҩ츳˿̲Ǹ̾ʱˣԴ޹˵ͻƲ£
ڵı궯оԽԽǿңܵıԼ۵ٶҲ죬ŷæϥӣȫëףȫŷӿı
ͻƲͬͻƵ߽ףʵͻƣͺҩʦƷͻƵƷһ£ͻˣ͹ǿУпʵǶ塣ûͻƣµµΪһʵڵСѾ˲õʵˣڴطȴǱ˿ÿһ۵ĵͼΪ
ǰڵıȫ壬һͻƵ߽ףͻᷢϵĸı䣬תΪҺ壬ҲֻҺ屾ܹͷųâ츳õĻܹԲŻ˵׵߽ףʵͻˡ
˿̹ŷҪģԼոսıȫתΪҺֻ̬ҪڱȫתҺ̬Ǿ͵һе߽ˡ
˵򵥣ʵΪѡ֪ж۷ߣͻƵ߽ʱΪ޷ȫתΪҺ̬˹һ񣬴Ӵƽӹһ
ͻƵ߽ףɲΪѱʱһβУΣβУΡͻƵ߽ףֻһλᣬһԶûٳΪ߽ߵĻˡ
תΪѵĵطΪתʱҪľ֧֣һЩʺõ㣬ԼᶨĲ඼ֲܹģҲֻЩƽģвᶨġ
ѾƷҩʦĹŷ˵ȴټ򵥲ˡ
ͲҪȫɣŷڵı޾ӴľĿ£תҺ̬ɴˣ׵ĳΪһͨĪ߽ߡ
֮ŷָоԼƺ춯һѵ˵ԼֻΪͻƵ߽׶ٴǿ
һ뵽ŷо̲סһ󼤶Լڱ൱ڰ˽ĩڵˣǿֱӿȥԾŽˣ
ƺӡ֤ŷ룬ŷͷųٴ𽥱ֵķΧҲԽԽ㣬ҲԽԽǿֱֱʮףֹͣ
ǿƣϲˣǿƣ¶ѹƾŽԴˣʮ׵ķΧѾػҲֽˣȻԹŷǾ޷κӰģŷ˲䣬ˣæ˽ĵ׾ϲĶŹŷ˵
ǺǣҲû뵽ͻƵ߽׺ı仯Ȼ֮󡣡ŷβסеϲվһӦŻǰޱȣ֮ˮǿһЦ˵
Ȼÿͻƣŷ򶼻ǿÿζһ׵ǣҲÿֻǿһ㣬ȷʵû뵽ԼͻƵ߽׺˴ǣŷУҲһ˷ܡ
ˣΪ߽֮ǰԭ򣬱ֻͻƵ߽֮ģ֮ǰˣͻƵ߽֮Ҳ͵ںϽ֮ǰǸ棬ԲŻ˱ˡϾǻ˺üǧ꣬Ȼ򲢲Ƕô˽⣬֪ʶҲǹŷΪ߲߿Աģֻһ˹
ŶԭˣŷʱȻ˵֮ǰûĻͻֻ߽֮ͬΪ֮ǰˣεľͺ֮ǰںһ𣿡
ǵģˣ˼ֻ죬ͬβסĵĻش
ǺǣߣȥһͷŽ׳ڵԴ޹뿴ڵʵжǿȻѾҹŷȴǺ˯⣬һ֮ڣҩʦͻƵҩʦߵȼҲͻƵ˸߼УҪ˯Ǿ˹ˣǶһ֣ɵķԸһͳ߲ʳȥ


97 
ȹŷ߲ʳʱûлŷνȥһͷŽ׳Դ޹֣ҲҪ¡Թŷڵʵڲ£޷ȥԾŽԴ޵ģ࣬Ҳֻͬʱֻ˽ĩڼһֻ˽ڵԴ޶ѡ
ȹŷʲôʱܹͬʱʮֻ˽ĩԴɱʱ򣬾Ž׳ԴһսʸˣһֻŽ׳Դޣʮֻ˽ĩԴ޻࣬ҲΪʲôŷڲ£޷Žɱԭˡ
ண
һƲ͵𣬹ŷ֪ǱϹԴޣвɻһ˿˷ܣʱԼҲŽԴһսʱˣ
˲󿪣ŷڰޱȵתȫҺ̬˫һզȣһ׸âͬʱͷѹƵ˰˽ĩڵľŽ׳Դޡ
âҲնʩչˡ
ͷԴҲ֪ͬǰǣܹԼʵӾŽ׳ѹƵ˽ĩڣʵҲضǿâѾɱϾëţֻƴһսˣ
ண
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ǣæ̧˫צҲ߶˫צ֮ϣȻâһӣʱһƵĺϴԶĹŷ岢ûܵʲôӰ죬ýͷԴޣ˲ͷųһ㱾֣ͬûܵʲôơ
ʵϾԼѹƵ˰˽ĩڣԸ˽ĩڵԴޣڵĹŷ˵ͷҲǺѹ˲ͺͷԴ޽â¹򣬾ͰͷŽ׳Դ޸նڸ¡
ˬ죡ȥϼͷ˽ĩڹҺúӦӦµõɱͷԴ֮󣬹ŷȻо񫣬ǾͶԸ
ŷķԸתȥˣŷȻԿѹƼͷŽԴ޵˽ɱŽԴ޿ɲȰ˽Դô࣬ɱһһŽԴޣŷǻҪȵԺĥģ
ͷ˽ĩһͷ˽ڵԴޱ˹ŷûٶʹ򣬿²ʮֻǾԶ첻κвġΪŽ׳Դ޶ܱŷѹһȼ⼸ͷ˽ĩڵģñֱѹƵ˽׳ȥ
΢΢һŷϴһ˿ζͳǼͷԴޡ
Ƽתۼ䣬ҴҶ
紺ůҶ㣬ֵϿ糣ҲлѩҲ£ֻ޾İ·ͣЪĻˮ
ż˲ɫʣż򶷣ȴʾﲢȫ
ʱ꣬ŷ崽Ѽ룬ɫ裬ɲ㣬ǵ˫۴˿ȻЩ仯絶ڲ£߼
ÿ춼ٻ߽Դ޴սһսɱ¾ǻһѪ֮߳ĳɱѾڹŷϳΣڹŷ£˭оǹѪɱ
ȥϼͷŽ׳Դ޹ɡվ߲ʳǰŷ΢ЦźԸ
ˣѾûоŽ׳Դˣ죬Ѿȫɱˡһ£˵ϿȵУ˽ĩԴѾûʣ¼ͷŽ׳ڸһͷûˣȽ׵ģǻв١
ûˣŷһ㶣ЦЦԼŽ׳Դ޵ײˣɱ˼ʮֻвŹ֣
ţû˾û˰ɣЩȼ͵ģɱûãŽϵģͻƵ˽ʵҲɱŷ嵭һЦȻѾûʺΪԴޣôǾ뿪ɣ
ŷʱ䣬ѾˣʱŵʦԼʱ䣬Ĵյûʲôرطı֮⣬Ǿֻһطˣɳ
ڱΪʲôûʲôرģֻΪطһܲˣһȵܲˣвٵĸ߽ԴޣűĴյ֮УЩڹŷʵ˵ȴǺô
˵طԴޣЩŽԴ޵ȷǺܶ࣬ȴͲУȫ޷ų۷Դ޾ۼصϿȱȣԹŷ岢ûôʱȥѰʺԼսԴޡ
ĴɳȻҲûͬϿȵĵطȴ˶ġ
ɳһƬ޾ɳĮ󣬲ݲɺ쳣һЩ߽Ҳ޷ȥ
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Щڹŷ˵ȴõˡ
ԼҩռôȫͲҪˮԴ⣬ԼѾ߽ͣĩѾܾˣҪȥѰķͻˡ
Ҫ뿪ŷĻһȴûκ⣬Ϊ˵ǳҪ뿪ģϾ˺üǧˣ뿪ʵЩᡣ
ǵģѾ޷ֻȺԴ޵ĴɳŶڵΪãŷ˵ͷҲ֪еĲᣬ뿪ǳ£Ҳûȥʲô
ȫ˵ġҲֻǶһЩˣ˲͵̬˵
ŷһЦ˳ë˵Ǻãǽͻ׼һ£ȻͶ뿪ɣ
˵꣬ŷͶһԼȴһ뵽ҩռ֮С
ȻҪȥɳˣˮԴͱز١
߲ʳˮõˮԴǹŷ׼ֱҩռڳһ޴Ķװˮ
ҩռ伫󣬲ΪŷҩʦĵȼΪ겻ϵҩƷȣҩռҲΪŷҩʦͻƣһεһݵ¼ǧˣ˴ڸװˮĴټ򵥲ˡ
ҩռ䵱УŷͰڶĵطѡݵԱߣЩһƷҩĵĵطߵȼҩ˹ŷ᲻ãһƷҩģŷȴûκβᡣ
Ȳ˵ЩһƷҩͿõһ󣬾˵ŷƷȵҩʦȼѾҪЩһƷҩˣЩѾûʲôõҩռطڸװˮĴʵڡ
˫¾ڳһݵʮӴСĿӣôôһװˮĻ˵ǵˮǵϴˮˣ
ȻôҲǹŷװϴˮԭҩ裬ùŷÿζ͸ղܣοܹԼΪˣŷôܷ
ں֮󣬹ŷܵұϣʼ˫ʯͷһԵǲ⣬ȴҲûȥʡֻҪģǾǶԵģ
һһʯͷŷڵò󣬹ŷŸͷʼЩʯͷһŷǿ޹Բʯͷͱһ鳤Σǹ⻬ʯ塣
Щʯ嶼ǹŷ׼ҩռĴģڳĴܹ࣬ȥɸɾ峺ˮŷ廹ϸɾʯ壬ٷˮȥô˵ҲҪ͵ĴˮɾһЩ


98 ߳Ͽ
Щõʯٴν뵽ҩռ䣬ŷͰЩʯһһڿڵϣȻһǶУͲˡ
Щʯ壬һ飬룬ͺһԲʯͷӣҲ޷й¶ŷٴ棬Ȼһƨ߲ʳھǣ£ˮͻؽ뵽ҩռǸˮ֮У̶ʮӣͱһСˮء
ĿһˮԴŷһ˷ȥɳĥ£һжѾ׼׵Ѿûʲôõĵˡ
ڶɫһŷҩռ֮Уҩռ䣬֪ˣԲûʲôֵġҩռ䣬Ϊ޷ұڣϿܻǷյģֻаʱսҩռ䣬ܹϿȡ
һж׼ãŷٴοһĵطһתͿʼȥ
ٶȴǿ˲֪١ΪŷʵǿˣΪͲҪٵһʧͻȥΪ似Ѿ뵽ڱеȣ
ڱеġڡڷɵ˼ȻطУȴڿкüСʱʱ䣬̬ôܻᵣʧ£
ڻҰ½ϣǴڵģЩͻƵʮ׵ĸֲܹⰿ֮⣬Щ켶˼£ټʹ߱ı֧֣һǿԷеġȴҪȳΪʮ׺طв˲֪ԶңҪַ֧УҲҪپŽϵʵ򣬾似˼£ڵıҲ޷֧ŷС
ŷģѹͲڷУֻϱ֧֣ܹͣڰаˣͲֻܹΪƶУʮǧ
Ҳˣⲻڷеġڱ䡯ҪĵıȴûзôӴ󣬸οŷڵıѾȫԱȵһľŽ׳ˣЩͣڿмСʱҲͲʲôˡ
ٶɣҪ׵öֻ࣬ʱ䣬ŷѾϿȣ;ڱ䡯ҲûóǰдеĹݣɼҰŷһ泩ҲûֲָϿʱѹָС
Ҳǵһ߳ϿȣһеʱҲ̲סһ˷ܣ󿴿ƣʱȫͲһͷ֮һճСԴһ㣬κﶼ˺֮ġ
ڳˣôҪöɣŷ˫һ죬һתͷһһЦʵ
ţûѹ֣ȷҪˬö࣡˵޴Ļͷͬ
Ǻǣͽսĵطˣ㣬׼𣿣ŷ嵭һЦ泩֮£һɳ棬Ȼʵ
໰
ͷ죬һصػХõػش
ãǾһͬȥɣǳɱػХ֮ŷһЦһıϣҲڹŷָ£ͬһ磬˲ʧֵС
Хɽޣ˿̻ʵдգХʣƬ֮оþûصڹŷĸӦУԲڣǸ߽׻ǵͽ׵ԴޣԻڵϣҶһ£ɼ֮ƣԴ޵źεȾ˵ơ
ǰŷǾԲŹ;κһֻԴ޵ģڵΪѾЩԴ˲˿ȤˣֻȺԴޱ鲼ĴɳǹŷеĿĵأ
һ·ۣûһᣬȻ˹ŷע⣬ı۵Ӱ˲ͣ
һ߽ĩڣһǰ˽ĩڣڹŷͣεʱǰ˽ĩڵıȻʱɢˣǵ߽ĩڵıƺҲ˹ŷϢֻƬ̣ͷٶ
ȻûоŽʵı޷ŷעģŷעģǵ߽ĩڵıȻֻ棬ҶǴҴһƳǾ˵ӰȴôҲ޷
һϮѩɴֳһӯǰͷ޴ֲѪ򼣬üƺͷĵԴ޺ܲϲ
ҲԣûĸŮӻ᲻ĵ׷ëİ棬ëȻµɫҺһɶʹθһӿ
죬κȻ촽һؽ߸٣ı˲䱻һ׽â֮ͬգۼٽͷѪǰƣֱ;ĿҶݻΪ촷ۣƮƮĴꡣ
Ѫû뵽ǰСȻȹԼ׽âһŭһ̶У׼ȻһǿҵѹȸϮǰ˽ĩڵʵ˲ѹƵ˰˽ڣһҲСǰּ࣬ʩŶ¡һ죬ֵסǿֲĽâ
ҶݻûɢҲûѪ򼻺һǿҵΣոоͻȻӱ׽âӭŵٴʩųһ֣Ҳƴ㣬ƴĽâô׶㿪ģȻԳʵܿһǽâǽâȴƺܹжϳܵķֱֱѪ壬޿ɱܡ
¡¡¡
죬Χľϵ֦Ҷ׷׶䣬ļ㣬鲼ܣģ˵ߡ
ʱ䣬мҶɢһһСӰҲ˳ǸӰͨѪ죬м䲿λȴһ˿ڣ衯ŰɫѪҺֻҲһǰ󶶶ȴȻ޷ƶȻ˼صơ
һӰȴѩɴ裬Ǿ֮ϵɣƮˡ
ȻıҪͬΪ߶Ҫö࣬ϵȫʩųļǽâ߽ĩڵΪҲЩ˼Ҳͻָ˹Ž鵭Ŀ˵޷Ѫ򼣬ȴôġ
Ȼ߽ĩΪһȵԼ켶Խɱֻ˽ĩڵѪ򼣬ԤڵĻԶңѾ߽ͣĩڽһʱˣʱȻÿ춼ܹӦԼʵڻţͻƲ˰˽ףǷơ
ţԺ֮вٴһ˵ӰӣǸ֪ȴǱ춯ص꣬ʱ䣬ǰٶͻƵΪ˺üʱ䣬ڵʲôΪأ
߽ף
ǡ
뵽βһ̾ԴԼչֳ֮󣬾ͱ½ϵΪһţǲ֪ǣôһԵ꣬ȴԼʻҪ죬һš
Ƿ̡
ʱһƽ͵ȴĥ͸ıȻ뵽ĸӦ֮У̸Ϥȴʼ޷Ϣһ㶣㷴Ӧ˹һâѪ󣬳Ƭ̣һҧ˵´һ֣һͷ˽׳ڵܾȻ֣һԾܵıָ£ǵķ򼲳۶ȥ


99 
ŷ徲վԭأȴεĵͱսҩռ֮УҪ̫ھˣȻ˵ԼڵʵټȻָ˾ŽʵŽĩڶܹһսˣҪ͵һĺãϾҰ½ϣɲֹһŽĩڡ
һŷǰĲݴľˡɳɳһӴɫξ˳ɫëɫ˫ͫɢѹһ֪Բǡ
ͷԴ޿ıϣվһȶˣɴĶӰΣƮݳʣһеһУԵôá
Ǻǣּˣŷ忴ԼǰŮȻʼôһ˲ʧ񣬵Ҳֻһ˲ѣ˫漴ָ΢΢һЦ˵
ǵμ棬Ҷֻǻ࿴һ۾Ͳƾߵĳٹһ꣬ҲԻӳ񡣶ĹڣǶܹⲻò˵һԵˣҲΪʲôŷ巢֮󣬻ͣȴԭˡ
ʱĹŷ壬ȴ֪ε𾪣ǰͻƵΪʱԼ֪ʱڣʵȴʾΪ׳ڣʵǾֻԭˡ
ҪôΪܹƣ߷ùּͬǱҩʵ
ҪôʵѾɳԼ͸ĵزˣ
ܣԲܣżꣿٸߣҲô
ţּˡЩ뷨ֻһţŷĻҲ˵ף˵
ͺȪˣһ㣬öΪĻһ䣬ŷоȻһֵĲᡣ
һͻȻܵıȻ£һ磬վڹŷǰ棬˫ﲨˮ˵˫شŹŷ壬Ȼʵʮǰڶʱ߶ǰɣ
ŷ嵭һЦ֪λдһʣ˵ͷ˵ţʱʮס
Ȼ֪𰸣һŷԻشҲ̲סһľǣʲôΪ
⣬ϤˣֺܲòΪʵѹƲסеĺ棬֪ģʳͲҪôܹȻȻͻƣ
Ҳ˱ôϤԼΪܲ׸߶Էڹŷ˵ȴ㲻һ¡
Ȳ˵ԼټսмΣ˵ƾԼһˣ֮£¼䣬мܹɱԼԼӮƾԼˡڱ䡯켶˭ܹסԼ
ⲢԴ󣬶һʵΪţ
ڵΪһ߽ĩڡŷûж룬ͻش
ŷĻشβЩ㶣Ϊŷ岻˵ģȴԼĻһʳڣͻشˣڼԥûԥ
ɲΪŷɵͬҲЦΪԼĽߣ⿴Լʱƽ޲˿ԼʱĻȾ֪
ô붼û룬͸ԼΪأβ̧գɻĿǰˣһŷ˫˿˿֮ʱʱˡ
Ͳں֪Ϊ
ǺεȵţԴĻǾͱʾžԵʵ
뵽жʱЩζ
ʮǰڶʱԼֻܹʮ֮Ľ죬վĸ߶ȣȻ̸ԼĵزԼУȴûвԼΪȻҲľ˵˳һֱôٶȳɳȥĻָڲõĽԼҪȥˣ
˵ԼΪ͸ⲻѾ˵Լʵô
뵽вٴһ̾룬ǵһŵͷǡ
죬Լô࣬һ˫˵Ĵ۾ĿŹŷ壬촽දٴʵܸôôʮʱ䣬ͳɾ˱˼Ǽǧ꼸궼޷ﵽĵزأ
֪һ˵Ҫһ˵ΪӲò̲ס̶ʮ꣬׵ػԼһŵĹ⻷ȳԼΪ˭һʱ䶼޷ܡ
ʵںʲôһŵͷĵһŵĹ⻷˻˵ĻǶԼĴǼΪصġ
ΪܹһֱֵһŵĹ⻷һֱпͻƾŽףʵ۷ǱĻǴ½ϵЩûмǣͻиļпܳʮ۷ֵռҵģϾĸһʮ۷֣ĻԻͼ
ͱڵĵһɽΪǧǰֹһʮ׸֣ϪҩϪŻǵȻʮ׸Ҳ֮ͬͬǰеʮ׸һûþĪʧˣʧ֮ǰʱɽĺôȴ޷ģټϪҩĸ̶̼ǧʱ䣬ȳͬΪ󳬼Ʊռңɼһʮ׸ĺôǶôĴˡ
ȻԶԶ̸ͻʮΪǱȴ⼸ǧģϣͻƵģͿһֱЩûǼ룬һĵһŵĹ⻷õ˵ĻͿ֪ռҵĴǶôľ޴ˡ
ˣеҪ֪ŷȻ֪Լ뷨ЩʵʣҲΪŷ϶˵ܻôһܵġ
ŷ嵱Ȼ֪лô뷨ԼûʲôġԼɲЩĵһһֶصʽҲЩһʲôʥؿҪ˵ʥأҲֻϿˣǵطһ˸˲ǣϾǵط̫ΣˣŽԴ޾һ࣬ԼԼѾҲ˵ңûæԼΪʵҲô죬˵Լܹǵطȥҷٵʵӹΰ
ŷҲɵһ£ͬʱҲԼãʱˣӶԼշĻĻԼѾǸ߽Դ޺еϿˡ
̧ۿλð˫ĶԼŷоһ˵ʵ̫ˣе㲻ʵǾӨƺ͸ļµĵüﲨ˫ν׵ıӣӣС죬һеһУ͸һջ󣬶ħͬɰƮʣ˵½ϵ˶Ϊ֮տҲΪ
ŷϾε飬֮ᶨǲ˵ˣת˲ͻָ˹ž޲״̬峺˫ƽֱ˫˵ʵҲûʲôܹʮô죬룬Ϊǿʵҩõö࣬㹻ƴԭɡ


100 һŮƤ
ŷ峺˫ֱӣЩҵΣһŷǲǻشĻشжʱʧ
㹻ƴ˭ƴأǿʵҩԼÿ춼һƷߵǿʵĵҩԼôһֱûͻƵ˽أ뵽βһ̾Ҳ֪Լʵ̫ͻˣϾһ˵ȷǼΪص顣
ü΢þòŷЩΣ֪ο϶ΪԼ˵Լ˵ȴǾʵȷҩƴųɳôģҲûҪȥʲôԼѾ˵ʵŲţǾˡ
ǸС㣬û˵ĻҾˡŷոһϿȣֻΣʵһԵ֣Żվԭصϼ䣬ڼ˵Ҳû̸ˣ˿ɫ漴˵
һعղΪ뵽˼ٵټԼܱܿǰȥһŵĹ⻷ŻȻһŷĻҧҧ촽ԥƬ̣Ȼ̧ͷʵҪȥ
ŷ屻ʵһ㶣Ҳûж룬˵׼ȥ
ȥȥ߳ô
ţﲻôʺˣ׼ȥɳŷʵʵ˵
ɳδһ˲ԲʪˮĴ۾ЩɵĶŹŷʵһˣ
Ҳ᲻ŹŷĻΪŷѾкüˣ߲˵ӣһѶûţȴ˵ҪȥɳôҲŲ
һŷ̹ȻıʱֲɵЩҡѵ˵֪ɳΣգ˵ʵĳˣгֱԼһˣһͬȥɳ
Ǻǣ֪㲻ţ˵ľʵҵȷһˡŷ΢΢һЦǺɵĿ⣬ЩΣ˵
ѵ֪ɳΣ𣿡Źŷǵȷѵı飬ٴεԲ鶯˫ʵ
һɵŮ˶ţŷ嶼оԲˣεǼ⣬֪ΣգҲŻȥΣգôܹأ
αŷһ仰˵㶵ģΣգôܹأǣǱضǸ߽ȺԴ޵ĴɳֻΣնѣǿ޻صĵطţǾŽ׸ֶ׽룬ȴ˵ôȻѵ˵ղ˵ƴôһƴ
ǣͲƴȫ
صһνѹ¾飬̧ϸ֣ظŰߵ˳ëЩԥĿʼüᶨȻ̧ףȴΪᶨĶŹŷ˵ҿԺһȥ𣿡
ŷʱһһȥȲ˵ԼֻƼˮ꣬˵ԱߣԼҲûٶȾҪ࣬˵ȥ²ܵɳ
ҡҡͷŷܸɴľܾˡ
ŷ徹ȻôɴľܾԼβЩյҧҧ޵ĺ촽⻹һαһ˾ܾҾܾû˸ɴ࣬һֱĽտкܲζһ뵽ٵļѾ棬һ뵽Լһͬȥɳܹ֪תԼҲԱ֤ԼһŵĹ⻷ȴһμᶨΪ˼壬Ƥôأ
ΪʲôУİɣҲҵʵ㣬ҾԲΪ׸Ϊŷ˸ɴľܾԼΪԼΪ׸ԭȻܲΪ˼壬̺С죬ص˵
ĻŷвһЦȻΪԼΪʵвŻܾģҲȷһԭ󳬼ռңŷ嵱Ȼ֪Ҳ֪ͬռֻһ켶ߵȵĽ似ѣ似ֻǵؼߵȵĶѣ߽ĩڵΪû켶似ĻԼߣǸ߽ԴȺĴɳڣǲ׸ʲô
̾һŷüͷʵȷǺǿ󡣲ڵΪȥɳС
ŷΪԼ⻰˵ùίˣεĶȴôһˡ
ʲôڵʵȥɳУⲻ˵ҵʵԶôκݺݵҧűݣýֲɵյýģڣ޲ȥɶ˴ϼ⻰Ҳ̫ˣ
һνѹסеգ˫Ư˵Ĵ۾ȴǺݺݵĵŹŷ壬Ŀ⣬޲ҪѹŷƵá
ߣȻ㲻һȥ߰ɣ
ŷ㶣űͷȥȴҧгݵΣɸоһЦһڶʱôأôĸ߲ʡڶڽʱȻһȺΧţţȴһĵȻȫԼ統Уʱôĸ߹ôĳ
ΣҲһΣٴǷҧгݵĿɰ̬ǲߵľɫݣȴùŷ忴ǲΪ֪һ棬˿̵ùŷһθоʵ
ԭȻλðգλðʣȴһλð޷ŮˣʵҲһŮˣһŮˡֻǣܹʵˡ
˶񣬰Щҵ˼ȫ׳Ժ΢΢һЦ˵ǺãϣǻԵټɣˣҽйŷ塣˵꣬ŷҲûȥ̧֣˻ӣתȥ
οŷ˾Ȼת뿪ˣܾͬһ㣬ߵĸɴ࣬һգȻһԾ˾ܵıϣָ£ŷʧķȥ
ŷոûԶȴȻεϢԼʱΣֻվԭأȴĵ
Ȼվԭص죬ȴͲֻǸԼԶŷʱʲô⣬ЩЦãⶼʲô°֮ŮôƤƵã
ʵŷ岻֪ǣβΪԼĵһŵͷߣӶܿܵ¼ܼĴԼҲЩʵĻĽôܻ飿
ֻǣЩŷ嶼֪
ҾͿܹãŷ˲ͻƵڱļƽ˸Ϳٶȣգۼʧԭء
˵ʵŷųͷ˽׳ڵܣҲٶȡҲǹŷΪʲôܹڴɳĥµԭˡ
ӦŹŷգۼʧӰζʱЩļˣæ߶ȫȥĸӦУŷӰȴԽԽԶҲԽԽ𾪡
ôܣȻٶȼԴޣҲؼٶ൱ο֮죬Ͳǵؼǡ
뵽еѾ޷ˡ
켶Ȼӵ켶⣬ôܣ
κȻĸԽԽԶĹŷϢС΢ţĿŹŷķ򣬾þûز


101 
ŷţȻԼǲ̫صˣ˼ֻԼȥɳѣǿһԼôİˣԼûʲôģԼȴֱˣο㱻֪أǱ½֪أ
ԼɻûлҪʮʱ䣬Լɳ̫ˣ˼뻹ͣǰǰ뷨ǣһвҪ鷳ҪȥǡԼʵǿˣȥ鷳м鷳Լ
ΣգԼҪȥģԼھܵ°ҲûνܹԼĥһѶȣʱʵû취ӦˣǾԼȥรɣ
뵽ŷ岻ͣ˽Ų˿ɫѾʱ֣ǾֱӰٻ˳Ȼ˴ľϡٵĵطȼ𣬿ʼʳ
ˣǸεˡӴſڹŷ࣬Ȼ˵˫ɫ˫ͫȴֱĶտԴ⣬Ϳûķǲﻹһֻ֮
Ȼ˵ʵָԶĸӦΧȴҪȹŷ嶼ҪǿһЩⲢ˵ӦҪȹŷȼߣǹŷĵҪƻҪ߼һЩΪıΪӦȵȷȻҪǿϹŷ࣬һȵŷ嵽ΪʱҲ޷ŷĸӦΧˡ
ȻҲΪʲôѡΪŷԭ֮һˣֻиŷӵеļǱߣпڹŷָͻǲ໹Դ޶۷ڡ
Ļŷû⣬ΪôĹҲ뵽ĸӦΧڣղȻҩռڣȴԼ֪ͨΣҲͲˡ
վܵıϣе˼ǻңû뵽ŷ徹Ȼ켶ҲĳĵӣΪĳĵӵĻƾʣԼ֪ܲǼӵ켶似֮⣬Ҳֻеؼ似ˣռң󳬼֮һҲֻһؼߵ似Ѱ
ѵ˵һѵ˵ǻĳŻӵ켶似ģ
ԣ϶ˣΪԭ֮⣬û;ܻˣ
뵽еҲ΢СһЩ㷢ָղһֱڳŷǸܾܵȻվԭûжˣӴЩⲻɵǾȣҪ֪ܿǰ˽Դѽʲôܰŵòǰ΢΢أ
ˡԴȻ˿־ģλδ
£㷢ʲôˣνüСĵĸӦܵȴûзʲôΣգȴǽܰܶųģǾ;ŻɱԼʵ
ңҷˣϣϾëϢ
ʲôϾëƯĴ۾˲ϾëϢԼһ綼ֵסɣ
Դ޶ԼͬϢرǿͬϢһĸӦܵûεǿ󣬵ȴܹƾԴرϢӦϾëĴҲͲˣ˿ܸӦϢʱս̲ס˽ʾ˿еĽš
ʲô򣿡ѹסеĽţһĿܣʵ
ͣҪȥķ򣬲ɫ˫в¶ΪԻɻ֮ɫȻǲ⡣
ʲôμæʵ
ѷǵĴڣϢȴ˿ûо˼ƽ͡
Ҳһ˿ɻ󣬵ȻͷϾëԼĴڣȴûй˼ƽͣȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵Ҳôˣٲ׷ȥĻܾҲ׷Ǹɶˣһ뵽޷֪оһ󽹼һҧȻ˵£ȳǸȥһͷϾëɢΣյϢĻͷ֪𣿡
ܵ˵ͷȻкܺ£ȴ޷˵˼ңϾëվԴ۷Ĵڣһ㶼ǲмȥСԴ޵ģڷԴ޽뵽غŻᷢ棬ٲǵȻֻôһˡ
ܻıٶȴǱȸղҪһ룬ͬʱҲСĸӦϾëϢһ־˼ͻҲ룬ͷܡ
վܱϵΣҲܲɣΪʵǿ̫࣬ڴ½϶һĶҲɸӦϢֻܽƴһҲи
һףףһ
ϾëϢˣξǣȻܷʴԽԽԣȴûͣ£˵ʲôⲻ˵ͷϾëһֱûз𣿷͵ͷˣ
θΪȵǣֹŷϢҲڲԶһͣǸطһѵûзϾëĴ
ô룬ҲԲ뵽ǹŷΪ̫ڲˣҪ֪ǰʮ׸мλϾë֮⣬Ұ½ϣû˵κһӵϾëֳģԣⷽͷûһ˿
ԽԽܵٶһٽѾŲˣҲԽԽεĸӦ֮УŷϢҲǽǰ
£ͷϾëûз𣿡ü룬κȻʵ
ûûСܴ˿Ѿŵ˵ˣҲϾë֮ƺ֮˵һԴޣڱԼһԴ޶űܵη볼ȻϾëϢһֱƽͣƽ
ˣ£Ǿʹɡ巢ӦǾﲢԶıҲûܼǰˣֻҪǸɶ˵ˡͷϾëԼôûйǾ˵Ӧòṥˣ˼⵽ʲôԭûйԼҲûйǸɶˣ벻ͨҲöˣֻҪûΣվˡ
ȻһζƮɰ׵Сӣ˳ζŷķ򣬶ʱ֪ζǴﴫˣƲƲ죬ͳһſıݺݺݵҧһڣո׼ԣͻȻһʵԶԶش˹С㣬һԵ㶫Ӱɡ
һ㷴Ӧ˹ӨǲɹһĻȣߣ㻹еζ
Ȼѵ˳ëʹŷǱȥ


102 
ܲҿεֻаסеľڵǱȥ
׵ľ룬ȴʮӲŵǻҪܸԼ߸ӦͷϾëϢĻͰսֽˣ
ֽȻ󣬵Ϊ󳬼֮һռҼŮռҵ飬ӵһöϡٵֽ仹ûʲôġ
ˡǣͷϣϾëϢͣǰ桭ۿϵҪŷˣ˵ζǴﴫģȴû뵽ͣһĻζʱһ
Ǹɶ˵ϢҲǰ桭
뵽ƺһЩʲôȻоǲŵɫ͵ܵıͬŵĺһ㣬Źŷڳ˹ȥǿػǰһĻȴ׵Ĵԭء
һֻͨƣ˫ɫľ޴ϻſڵϣԼĵûжע⣬ʱ˫ֱͫĶǰտԴ棬ûԼ߿һۡ
Ȼûзκεȴɱ͵ģԼϢѹƵöҪϢˣǣһԼʩųĻԼ᲻ᱻֱϢ
һתĿ⣬ϾëԱߣһͦΣݸˣȻԱſһͷϾëȴһĵȻûһ㺦֮ɫ¶ǰһԴ⡣
С㣬һԵ㶫ɡŷ忴ź촽΢ţˮ˫۴ſԼΣ΢΢һЦ˵
ŷĻһ˵꣬ͷֱԴϾëĿתˣͫοһۣоѺ֮ɫȻתȥðԴ⡣
ϾëһۣθоԼ඼ֹͣˣеѺʱеĽѹƽеȴԽԽǿҡ
ƯĴ۾˿ֳ˳ŷ壬Ȼ֮ǰôһ׼˿ʵͰǰɸоԼĴЩˡ
㣬ġָָĿȴǿŹŷ壬˵
ŷ嵭һЦ΢΢˵ͷǳ롣
ŷͷεԴ͡ˡһ׵Ļˡ
ͷϾë
ϾëѽԴĴڣܱϣ˵Űٷ֮˾ʮĿܹͻƵʮף
ʮס
δվԭأǲţġתΪɬ
ԭҪԼô࣬ǾԼܹ֪أԼٶȣȵôǱϾëϵѽ
һ̾һĹŷ壬ֿ˿˳ſߵϾëмζ
УҾ˵ĻҾͽûлˣһҪģҾͲҵʻ٣
εĿ⽥ᶨ˿ǿѹеĽţСѥߵ˹ŷ棬СһһɾĲƬͳУȻҶĵϣ޳˫Ȳ£λ£Ϊš
ú˫ͬλðĴ۾ֱӹŷ壬һգҲգƺҪ͸һ㣬ôо˾һһ㣬ô͸
תʮѣΪԼҲ͸ˣ켶似ƾճֵĵӵȶһ֪ӵ˶ֽ䡣ر
ȻϾëֽ½ûĸӵйֶԴģɽǸĵһţƺҲֻǱһͷŽ׳Դɽ޳˶ѣԼ
ο˿ɶӺ治ҳܣɰЦ
ǸʲôѽȻûбκ֪Ҳûκ֪ôһţ˿ĳɾ͡
ֻǲ֪ıûûеĻ뵽вһŻȣܹռĻռҵûõĺô޷ΪǱԴϾëϵߣ
ǣ֪ԸԸ룡
ˣ㣡ʱŷƽʵζʱͻعֻŷһϴøɸɾĵӣװһкõƬһЩ߲ˡ
ллЩ΢죬һлȻֽӹŵһƬƬʽԴ뼫Ϊˮʵ߲ˣҲϵЩˣٴνӹŷĸɾӣͼһƬСУֻһڣξ̲סˮĴ۾޵ܺóأû㻹ôõѽ
ǺǣرЩÿʱÿ̶ԴϵߣɲܿԼȻһ̱Դ޻ɱ˵ĻǶ໮ŷһ߸ԼҲһʳһЦ˵
ŷ⻰̲סһЦ𿴹ŷ忴˵Цγֲʵأ
ͨУ߼Ϊǿ󣬼Ϊ󣬵ⶼԼģ֮֮֮࣬գҲֻԼ֪
С㣬ʵҪȥɳĻҲǲԡҵ˵ǰͷŷʣľ󲿷ԴⶪһѰ಻סɫȻΪĿΣԼ󣬼˵Ҳ֪ɳжôΣգŽ׸Ҳ롣ңΪ켶ԵʣŸȥġ㣬ռҲֻеؼɣʱʲôΣ⣬ǾͲܹˡ
ŷ֪ε۹⣬ղԼ켶ʱӦòµˣҲֱ˵
εȻ֪ɳΣգҲ֪ͬԼû켶͵ȥģΪ˼壬Ϊ˲ˣôˣǰΣգҲҪȥ
ûԥĵ˵ף˵֪ҷҪȥģʲô⣬Ҳܹġ
ŷЦЦʵ˵ЩҲֻǵʱڴɳʲô޷ֵΣʱܵʱܹİһѡϾô˵Ҳǰˡ
ţȻˣǾ͸ϽȻ·ɣŷ˵꣬ӣʼ
š⻰ʱһ죬⻹һγһʳҲǵһһ˳Էĵ׻Щ˼ģڶĹŷζĳţﲻ˿˿ĸоҲӣٴμһʳͽ̺Сĳ
ŷûϸʵľ񣬼ڳ̧֮ͷεȻƺûжƵãȻһ棬ٿǺСŻŵ̬Ͼɫʱʱɢĵܰ㣬ùŷһ
Ըôˣ治ǵһˣǧ˵Ľߡ
ȻررˣŷҲֻһֶͶѣʲôĽϲǸ̸ϣΪκεֻȫȫȥ׷ߵ۷壬Ȼ¡
⣬һΣСΡڣʵȥ׷ȥˣͲΪԼĲҪٶȣȽĽŲһһ̤˶۷壡


103 ʵ
Ǹŷ塭˲ӨǣŷпڴϱĿ̲סں
ţŷ˫ۣɻĿһۣͷʳֻһ벻ͷˣɸֻ̾ô㶫ͱˣ治֪ɱԴ޵ġ
Ӧûûмɵİɣ
ŷһ㶣ε˼ҪԼռˣҪĻҲǼ뵽ʦɱ棬οڻûмκĴ㣬Ҳ룬ҡͷܾС㣬лл̧ˣڻûмκ뷨ڣһֱҪ
ŷܾ˸ɴζʱЩʧҲ׼ΪԹŷʣȥʲôĻûĸܾ෴ᵱɴүţʮûмκȷϲڣԼˡ
ңҲͲҪȥ£˵Ϊɳεȵز˵ڣԼʵټͷԼȫ͸ϾëȫԼˣʵǱǵѹͲõû˼Ҳȫõ޷׳ζڹŷľܾȻʧҲ֮ˡ
֪ˡ̾һ˶٣Źŷ˵Ժ㲻ҪٽСˣֱӽΰɡ
ڹŷ֪Լ֣һ㶼оȣΪҰ½ϣ֪Լֵˣ治࣡
֪ܲŷʵ֮ǰû˵֣ϴڽеſʱЩүģȻŷ廹֪ôһأ
⵹˵ε죬Ϊŷڵõҩ֮ǰڹżҵ۵ʱÿ춼εĶٶսߣΪ֮Ҳڸյĥ£ÿ˼ĥ似ĥĥǿ˼ȥЩҲΪּյľ񣬲Ż˵Ѹ٣ɳ˵ľˡ
ǺǣСŷЦЦͷ˵
ʱǱߵҲԼʳˣ޴ͷΧ˼ȦƺԵûδƵãǲһԵζ̿жһη壬Ҳʧˡ
˿Ȼûʩųκƣȴݵ̲סˣоǺĶŹŷʵܸңʲôʱôõĳϵ𣿡
ԸղŹŷԳ֮һֱԺ֮лɢȥҪ֪ҪõϾëĳϣȻǱҪǰҲҪܹӽѽҾӽˣһ¶շ˼Ͼëĸ߰ñһĳȥԥ˺þã̲סеĺ˳
ʵҲûʲôڼǰϿȵʱá
ŷ廰û˵꣬εľˡ
ȵȣȵȣ㣬ղ˵ʲôʱ򣿡λΪԼˣɴﲨ˫ʵ
ŶϿȣҡŷظһ䣬׼˵ȴһαθˣΣУȴǳ𾪡
Ͽȣ㣡㣡㣡аϸ޳͵סԼ̺촽ָŹŷ壬ϰ죬ʵ˵ȥϿȣ
ŷҲ֪ԼȥϿµȷǱȽ˾ȵģȴû뵽λôʧ̬Ȼɻľ֣Ҳûжʣʵʵĵ˵ͷǳˡ
ǳ׵סˣŷ岻֪ȥϿ¶ô𾪣Ϊռȴ֪֮
ΪĶүүҲǵռҼ׵ܵܣԾŽĩΪ׼ȥϿڰεĸѱһͷŽԴ޵ģȴ⵽˰׼ѱͷԴڵһͷŽĩԴ޵Χûּغϣͱ׵ĻɱˣʱҲоŽ׳ΪշҲεĸףζүүƴ£ŵѵģҲˣǿʼϿȾͱռһΪ˾ԵĽҲΪζүү䣬ռҵʵܴŻᱻǱɽ׵ѹסģűۺޱȵռңôܻᱻɽѹƣ
ҲΪ֪ϿȵգŻŷȥϿȻʧ̬𺳵ԭˡ
ȥҲȷΣաҲΪΣգ⼸ΪŻѸˡŷ忴ξ¶˿˿֮ɫҲΪȻĵ˵ͷΣգ¡շ֮ǰշ֮ȴǳΪء
ŷĻвЦֹǡȷΣաֱߵĵǴжүүƴӣԼĸҲˣҪ֪үүǾŽĩǿѽһǾŽĩǿеĶڣȻҲΪ𣬻ռ˳صĴˣ
ǰˣ˺ü꣬ʱҲ𣬻˶ΪϾëƺҲշģ
⵽ôһѽôô룬Ҳʵ벻һݹŷĴʻˣʲôʲôʣʲôŹţѾ޷ˣƺеĴʻܹɣ
ξþö˵һ˫ֻԼͿг˾𾪣˹ŷҲͲ˵ˣ˵ʱѾ˺һʱˣҲǲˣӦм°ɡ죬׼ȥѰԴɱţȴ⼸ͷԴ޴򶷣ˣ󻹲һ㱻һͷͬ˵ͫɸɱˣҾͰͷͫɱˣȻܹȥҵҲͳҵ
ŷ彲úܼ࣬ҲԹ̣˵ԼΪӵеŵշĵȵȣЩǹŷ岻˵˵
Ȼŷ彲øƵģһԵóˣеһ¸߹һ¡
˵ŷһʼϿշ֮󣬲ŵ꣬Ҳоô𺳵Ļǹŷ˵ġ֮ǰѾ˼¡ȴоŷһǸ
Ͽü£ǾŽ׶֣һΪСģԴ޵Ļǻпܣأȴ˵ʲô׼ȥѰԴɱšʱʲôʵСȥѰԴɱ
û治֪ʵˣʹȻ
߽аɣĬĬ뵽
ʵ̫ˣŷΪûҪΪʱʵ̫˵ԭ
Ȼʱܹɱ˽Դ޵ʵıȴֻ׶ѣʵЩ߰ľŽԴ޵ע⣬Թŷ嵱ʱôΪʵôұڣٶô죬ЩŽڡĩڵԴԸĻ޷֣˵ĻڿѾͷӶʣˣ


104 ͬ
˹ŷһϯڶԹŷ˵ƴ˽ˡ
ƴȫǲҪ
жĵŸҶһˣԵ΢ΪȥǸ߽Դ޶繷Ͽȣ
ܹŻǺŵˡҲΪֲҪľΪʵŻ˿ɣŻϾëĳϰɣ
ʣǲҶһȥȥ޻صϿȵġ
үү˵ԣһŶôõǱŬһ޷Ϊ۷֡һʲǶôɫˣֻҪеҳ˸ҳԵĿ࣬ҹ˸ҹţ˸£գ޳Ϊһ콾
ڣǳ׵үү˵仰˼ˣŷ壬ȴǲױȵʣҲͬųһȵĵԼᱻڶ̶ʮʱﷴԽҲͲˣ
֣ĬƬ̣κȻչһЦǾӣ˲ʱٻ¶ʧɫЦȪˮ˰㣬Ŀ֮С
û취ܹõˡŷε̯̯˵
˵ףҲΪ΢еˣȴҲУҲͲٵ٩˿ѿϨ𣬴ܰ㣬վ˳㻹ͦԲΣҳԱˣ߰ɣ
ʵе沼ƬģⲻϰԶˣڹŷȴЩľˣҲĶţһѹЩҵͷͷ˵õģ߰ɣ
ŷղŽԼβɫȴñ۾ƳˣæͣԼĶȴûж˵ʲôȴǱȾһϼΪĶҡ
ŷҲͨգЩεĸЦ˼ϵĶҲʰˣæкһıϣ˿ȥ
ŷǱӰβɵá͡һЦЩŭ˲ͻָƽֻãʱŲһ
£˶ηԼһֱڶҳʱղѣԼҲ̫˰ɣ
˵ٻоǵĵηϢԶˣ̵ܲ˳ͺίСϱһ㣬ģνסһա
£㵨ôôСأֲṥ㣬бҪô𣿡
Դ𱸵Ļί
Ҳ㶪֮ƶԴ޵ĳ̫ѽǱܵη壬ˣ
⻰ɲ˵Ͼˣֻίίĵͷһӡ
ʵҲ˵ȫ壬Ҳڶ㵽ôöҳɣⲻùŷ忴ЦôԼΪίӣҲҲͲ˵ˣεҡҡͷһͬһֻŵ㣬ıϣָ£ŷȥķȥ
ŷıϣ۶ô᫵ɽ··ΣȫоһĵͬڰƤһΪʰݣʱвҶĻݱҲ˵
ӦԼϢԽԽԶŷ岻εë׵ı˵ٶȷŻһɣٶȿɱȲ㡣
õģˡĵ׻شһ󣬱ٶȽͬȵĵزȴҲǶϾȫܵٶҲȵ˵ؼ似ˣȻеľΪܼҲȴ磬գ۹򣬾ܱңȥҪ˼칦򣬾ܹ߳ˡ
θоŷϢԽԽԶˣкǽȴȻǰٶȻһЦҲͲôżˣԵһοŷĳֱʱܵ𺳣ɵý񡭡
һͬе˰ҹʱֲͣһ·϶ǹŷǰںҵľ룬ҪΪҲͲҸϣȻΣȴҲԼû취ֻһ·ܡ
ıŷٴóŰƵƷǿʵĵҩҩЧǾͲ˵ˣֱ˰˼ǻҰ½Ϊ߼ҩЧˣһ·ϣŷ嶼ǹһóԣԼһµһҲҺԼ˲ٵĵҩ治ôĵġ
ԴͻƵƷҩʦ֮Դɱʱ䣬һ춼ͣЪҩҩҩ
Ҳˣ̶ʱڣȼһ·ͻǣƷȣоԼҩʦȼͻƵף
û׼ҩˣһڣô㣬ҩĴҲ㹻һʱˣҲͲżΪûԼҩʦȼż
ŰͨΪɫȴӨ͸ܹ쳣Ŀҩıӡ̵ưΡƷ壬ȻͼСȴΪϸ壬Ʒ֮еһľϵҶܹʹĻǾҶϵľ綼ܿõɴ˿ɼ֮档
ҩһóԾſ˾޴Ļ죬Ҫ˵⼸ʵָô죬ǹŷƵЩҩν֮أĻָҪָڵľŽڣǲõȥ
һŶУһžͷԼУҩڼΪһȴ˵ȫգ֮䣬ͱ鲼˸·統У塣
ŷܵĺһҩʱĸܣǼΪʡ
ʱԶҲղŹŷֻóŰ᲻ãΪ֪ΪռҼ֮ŮӵеĵҩͲñԼƵĲҩЧûԼƵĸߣƷȴҪԼĸ࣬Ҳûжһ١
Ȼθո߽С־һһƿͳСУŹŷ˵ƷߵȵҩԪҩЧȥðɣ룬ӦûƷߵȵĵҩɣ
Ȼ֪ŷ϶ҲеҩȴӵбԼⰲԪȼߣҩЧõģϾԽǸߵȵҩ̶ȾԽǸߣгҲָܻߵȼĵҩֵȼģҲҩЧģֱóһƿԼȥɳķðɣ뵽
ǺǣǾллˡȻԼһƷҩʦҩҩЧԿǻҰ½һҲεһƬⲻǣŷ嵱ȻȥܾˣǾЦŵл˹
šμŷӹˣĵ˵ͷʵ·˰ɣ
ˣȳԵ㶫ȥϢɣټ·˵꣬ŷɻʵأ
һ˵ԼоͲģղͣˣҲ͸ͣˣԼȻȻΥԼȴߵñڹ껹һķ֮£ֻаսֽ䵱УҲʳҲǸղΪʲô߹ԭˡ
ŷȴ˵˵̫ˣܲܺ˵ԼԴޱԴ޸ŵòҹ˰ɣֻС죬ȥشŷĻ


105 
ĺܴ㱼ʱ䣬ıԵش
⻹ΪϢڣ;иͲκԴ޸ҹԭ򣬲ң;Ҳûκε߶飬ΪЩߵǣܹӦϢЩһԼԴ˵ȻϾëϢ޲ӵ÷ɿ죬ֻԼĵȣҲˣʡ˲ٵʱ䡣
֮߳󣬾һƬĲԭˣľɼŷΪ˱½ɧңֻҩռ֮ڣΪŷͬУεҲֻսֽˣŷһͬͽݳн
⼸ദĹϵϤ˲٣Ȼڵ޻̸ĵزҲͬͨһ㣬һ·˵˵ЦЦҲڡ
սҩռ֮󣬹ŷͷȥȴεϾȻ֪ʲôʱɴ棬ס˰žգˣǷԼӨ͸ļﲨ˫ɾһ޵֮㣬ƲĿ⡣
Ǹŷɻʵ
ŷĻûİһۣǴ۾˵̬ùŷоһͻȴǶôΪ˱ⲻҪ鷳ء
ŷʱȻģ߳ȥǲɧң
ţҪڣ͵һŷͬص˵ͷɫ˵
һ˹ŷ廰˼ûذһۣ˼˵ǲǣ
ŷһЦû˵˵Ĺϵڵȷ˺ܴĽ٣ֲ˴ŵЦһÿü
ˣ߰ɣԭݳˣȻݳֱӴ͵ڣٴǴ͵ߵ˫۹·̹ŷѾ滮ˣͣҲһµʱܵɳ·;νԶ
˵ף˵ţǾ͸·ɡ
Ȼȷܶ࣬ȴʤܹ༸ǧĽԵһǺһģҲи⣬Σ˻ûһ·Χϡϡ輸ľݣԶһ֣һСС
ڻҰǼΪϡƽģһ첻һǾͲǻҰˣŷһӦһеϤϢʱɶʱͣס˽ŲüͷǱߣ֪Щʲô
ôˣôΪȥ۸Щ׶ûе˲ɣμŷͣ򶷵Ǳߣ㶣˵
ŷЦЦҡҡͷ˵ҹȥ˵꣬Ǳ˹ȥƺǱߵսֶЩϤϢ߼Ϊ
μŷȻ˵Ǳ˹ȥʲôˣҲ˹ȥ͹ŷǱ̬ȴǲ˲٣գۼ˲پ롣
ٺ٣ôǼˣƴֿһ˵һϴƲ룬°ȴɸɾСˣȻͱȽСʩųƣĩڵΪ
УһͲƵĴ󵶣ָˣһŮƺ˲һģȴƺһģΪŭĿӣˣȴ鵭ĮȻżһ˿ΣҲֻݼţת۾ֱĮޱȡ
ǣǣô㲻ãô޳ܣеһеֵˣ˿ϲ˷ŭָ˷ŭǶ˵ˣǱˣҸ㹻Դ꣬ôʱȴǲǵˣ
˵ĻɲмһЦ˵ֻǹӶϵѡԣ˵ˣˣû˵Լ޷֤»ǰ
ô޳ܵĻϷ࣬Լʵȴֻ׶ѣҶһҲȷԼⷽԵֿģټ޳֮Ҳãǰûڵһ̾ǻںԼѡ׬ȡԴķΪʵ벻ʲô취ܹάˣȴûԼŮҲ˳ȻŮԼ˼ȴԼܾò
ڲôںޣƺҲˡ
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ĻļͬﶼɵùЦŮǽһҿŮһŭ뾪֣ȴô
үС㣬ǿӣΪǵֵһᣡеһ꣬˿ȴһŭĴʩųǽֻһ׵Ϊͬɶ˻һ㣬Ǹˡ
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Щ㿴ңҿ㣬ӶԷп˾⣬ǸѾ˵ˣʵǿҲֻڶѣֻĽ׶ѣʵȥ׸֣ǲ
ߣһҪ͸ʣ֮ľ޾ѹһɽһѹЩߵͷǺصѹʹЩ߶Ϣ˹ȥ˺ⷽһĽߣԶѹѹáͨһ˵ϣ˫ԲоǾ֮ɫҲţȴ˵һ仰ֻкзġǵ˫˫ۣǿףУȫʺѪҺȻǡͨ죬һľ׮ֱͦͦص˵ϣ鴤˼£Ȼôȥˡ
ߣȻǵʵֿɽѹΪѣҲĽ㲻ֱѹѹ߿ѪҪĽǿϲֹһ㣬ͺǵ֮ѹҲǲع˵ϣеѵ䣬ǿĽĿоǾ֣ѪϾǱͿ˺ϰĲʱʱ˵ֹɫ԰ֽͬղŵŮǰ㣬й֮
ŮȴûиоκεѹĪȥԼڵػֹߣǲ֪ô£ȴҲ֪ضλǰ˾ǣȻôǰⷬȻתأ
֪λǰȣֻܹһΪǰţԱǰľ֮ǻ˺üӷӦЩ˰ֶΣﻹҵæ˫ֱȭŸղŷ֮ķΪĺ
Ǻǣʯƹ񲻱ؿ֮Ͷѡһʵÿ˵ĶУһĽ˶޳һ΢ЦĺȻǰ絶͸һɼ֮ȻǶô˧ȴǼ˵
СѾ겻㻹ǵ𣿡ŷӴһк󣬺ȻתĿ⣬ǸݿԼŮЦʵ
㣬㡭ŮǾɵĿ˹ŷһۣ¶ȣǾϲ͵СסСͣϲ˵㣬Ǵ˶𣿣
ŮʵǹŷʯʱʯСѾˣȻҲİְˣʯùݵƹ񣬵ŷסʱμүΪֺŷ䷢ͻһʹˣʵǿΪͣ˼ӡ󣬶ңߵļѣʯСѾƹȻǵְֻ֪ˡ
ǺǣСѾѣ͵˶ΪܲŷǺһЦȻһ۾ܿʯСѾΪǸʮһĿɰСҲͤͤĴˣ˵Ůʮ˱䣬ϤϢ¾ôϲ
ллˣʯСѾŷôޣЩ΢죬뵽ڵĴСϲ˽æˣܾܲȾС磿
Ѿ֪ǰĴǿòˣ˾СһҲûʲôĽ߾ȻôĪˣһôңߣ߶µĹڵϣһҲҶҲ˵һ䣬е󾪾֮ɫ˭ܹó
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СѾ㲻õģСûµġŷЦŵͷĿѸٱ䣬ŹڵԼˣǲɹһ˿ЦԼСѾСѾͷ֪ñ⼸ộ
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ŷȴûԼ֣⼸ûʸԼ˷ѱң˿ɱԼɱ⼸ˡ
عͷһмĿԼ޵ĿǼ˵ʯƹĳ˵ʯƹ⼸ȥðɣģѾ޷ˡ
ŷĻʯƹΪñȽС˫۶ʱм֮ԱĸŷһҲ˵ллĻϴ˿˿Ѫ˿˿ԼһһŷĻ־ȥ
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ѪҺʲֹдʱȻѪȵζʯƹȴԽԽоʵ̫Щˣ첻дȵĻԼŮܱ֤嶼Ҹģ¾ԼŮ󣬶Ҫ⼸̣ˣ
ԽԽҲԽԽߴ˿ҲȻڵϣѪҺʣҲûֻһ³һ¾ʹʹ࣬ΪǶ֪죬ˣڣֻһҪŰɱˡ
ˣʯƹɱǰɡŷ忴˿ڵѾǽٳˣ̾̾籾˲пᣬȻⳡ濴Ʋһ㣬첻ԼʱϵγֲʯСѾʯƹǵ³أҲҲ˵
ŷĻѪеʯƹ˹оԼеɢһ㣬ǾͰչŷĻֱһһǱŤͷ­ǡ
ֳ棬ȻʯСѾЩȴϾǵһνӴôѪȵŰɱʵǾЩĲˣȥСߣŹŷҩȥһϢСˡ
СŮʲŷߴһöȴβ֪ʲôʱѾ˹Ѽ̫ѪȣѪʮĶ˸û˿ȻɰĵȻ
ţȷǲŷҲͬĵ˵ͷǰʯСѾһڵСѾͷȴѾ˶׳ΪȻŷֹＶŸûпɱԣڻҰ½ϣʵȷǼΪˣһЩţҲй֮޲
Ҫ֪ЩŵӣǴСĵرĳţʯСѾڵǸʯ䣬ҲĩڵߣһƷߵȵҩþѾǶˣףȫľŬĽҲΪʲô֮Ůԭˡ
ְ֣СˣʱʯСѾϲոհѵ뵶ʵʯƹæ˹ȥСȻˣղǰ±֣ȴѾʯƹĵ׳׵İԼˣΪƷ£˰ƭɱ¾뱳ѵĻҰ½ϣ


107 ŭ
ղŸǸŮҩƷҩһԵκȻڣĵʵ
ŷû˵Цŵ˵ͷǳˡ
Ҳûȥ׷ŷΪʲôԼôߵȼҩ컹ԼİԪɻʵɽƵͼһûܸҩô
һֻҪƷҩʦҩͼһֻһ۾ͻ֪˭ƵģΡɽƮƲʣ˵ˣȴû˵οҩĵȼȻƷģû˵ҩʦǾֻˣһ־ԼļڣĳλҩʦǰٶȴƷһֱͻƵƷԼŲ֪ȻǾܵģų
һ֣ŷԣûм壬ûˣˣһ㶼ôںֻԼһĬĬһһлšˣûʲôʣҲԲЩνΪкݾϳܳԵĿ࣬ЩЩţͬһĴ߱ġ
ɣһһֻ׷Լ漰򣬲ںˣҲЩģβŻдһʡ
ܰλ֪ƷҩʦԼļĻܣٵļѴõĸưɣ뵽
Ȼ˵ڻҰ½ϣƷϵҩʦв٣ҲԲᳬʮЩҩʦ󲿷ֶĳˣҲֻôġѣġ츳ΪͨģǶΪǧǼĻۣŵͻƵƷҩʦģҩҩЧôߣֻļѣЩгƷҩٷ֮ʮҲǳ֣֮ԣֻƳͨҩЧƷҩʦǣЩûʲô󣬷øֶΰԼˡ
츳ͨƷҩʦЩܲô󣬵Щ츳ǿȴЩġղڹŷóҩݸʯСѾʱֻǿһۣͰٷ֮ܿ϶ҩҩЧȼ֮ߣ˸ߵҩЧһ֪ռܴĺôǶôľ޴ˡ
ƷҩʦҲʮڴģǾ󲿷ֶЩԼҩʦЩÿӵеƷżҩʦҲᳬ˵˵һɽΪд½ΨһһƷҩʦϪĴڣŻƷҩʦǵģռңȴֻһƷߵȵҩʦѣռԼģɼƷżҩʦϡˡ
ԼƵġŷֱֱ˵
һ㲻С죬ȻŹŷĻ˵ŷʮܹһ·ɱһֱͻƵΪܹǿܵĻǽȥŹŷ廹һƷҩʦôҲŵġ
ϲܻ˹˵ģȲ˵˵ŷŶ󣬿»ûʮɣĶʱȥҩⲻЦôðɣ̥ͿʼҩˣҲ޿ʮΪƷҩʦ
ԣֻΪŷô˵ǲԼҩ˭ѣɲĿһۣ˵˵Ͳ˵ﻹ˵Щֻƭ
ŷȻԼô˵ˣԼôƭˣǱԩ
ȻβţǹŷҲûҪȥˣҲһţֻεʼ磬ˡ
ʱԶʯƹѾС˹ʯСѾǸСѾͷϲĸıЦݾʢİٺϻùŷζ΢Цѡ
ˣлĻҲͲ˵ˣӴʯӵˣʯƹ˿ѾϣɫȴΪʧѪ໹Ϊ԰׵СߵŷǰϼΪ˵
ʵҲ֪Լôʵ˵𣬾˵ʹ˶񣬸ղŴֶʵһֱڶزʵûʲôñˣԼҲֻһѣҪҪڴ˵ġ
ŷȴ΢ЦŰ˰֣˵лң˵ֻǾ֮ͰˡҲô˵ʯסǶʮҲˣҲͲôˡ
˵Ǿ֮ͣһ˵ȴٴθһĶݣ첻ȵĻСѾѾʯƹϸֳİû£˵ȴȻ޷˵ȥˡ
ˣ˵Щ˺ðɣŷ忴һޱȵСһۣЦСôЩ˰ɣ
Сŷ廹ǼǵõģԼʯùֺס޵ǶʮվԼſڵȴԼԸģҲǱȽϤˡ
ãЩˣллȡȿȡСкǼΪŷүС㣬ΪǰԼĴֵʹС˷ܣһȴ̲סҿɫҲӲ԰˼֡
ŷҡͷ漴ɻʵʯƹǲʯ俪ùݵôܵˣ
ǹŷһֱɻ⣬Ϊʯ˵ʵʵǲóҰģǸƵĹ档
ŷĻ˶Ŀɬ⣬رʯСѾı֮ɫˮ˵̵ĺˮ¡
һʯ˵Ļش֪Դߺĵ£ʯȻ⵽һȺֵĹǿɶĽϵĸְһ߽׸֣䣬ֿûУͱǸˣ˵ʯӵȻֳĳޣҧгݵ˵ǲ䣬ӤͯС޿ɱ⵽ǵɱһڶû£ǲһЩŮ븾ŮǰԱȺˣˣΪڵؽУѴ˽ٵģ
ŷ̾һʯӵļû˵
ڻҰ½ϣÿ첻֪жٲֲ״ʯ䣬ֻ֮һˡ
ùŷΪɻǣʯС䣬ӦǲǵʲôǿŶ԰ôɳһ߽׸һĽ߶ûеСأ
Ȼŷƺ뵽ʲôжʱŭ𣬶μңһǶμңҲֻжμҲŻĶ޷ɱԼͰŭȫʯͷϣԼҲΪκͶ𣬲Żһϵģ˵Ϊʯùֺŷ䣬ԼκͶ޷ִҲͲֺһϵеˣԶμҵزǼΪף
μңμңһμңȻΪôһƨ£˼һ䣿СŮ˶ŹѵΪͿΪΪôǺãǾΪΪɣ
˵μǰ׷ɱԼŷ廹ôĻΪԼʯĻԶμҳ׵ķŭˡ
֮ǰֻ׼Լʵǿһֻ֮׷ɱԼĶμҴ϶ɱˣپμһ˽ˡʯ£ȴѶμ߽ϵĸȫɱĻǾѽеŭ


108 
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μңڻȥ鷳Ͼμҿ۹ҵأǵı֮УֻҪԼһ֣ᱻ۹ҵĸΧˣԼʵټϻûȫָôֵΧеˣҪԼʵǿ֮ҲҪԼͻƵ˽ףȻӴɳĥ»󣬲ȥɱμң򣬽ԼĴΪ
һԵʯСѾŻشˣѹжԲı˵ΪǲûˣΪȥְ־ʹҺС⣬׼ҩȻСƳҩȥ㲻֪أһǰСȥԹҩʦ츳ͨأһƷҩʦŶ
Ŷŷ΢ЩȵĿСһۣҩʦ츳ΪʲôԼҩһƷҩģﶼİɣԼɼЩСյҲаɣôִյɣ
֪ʯӿЦһȥĻǳɱȴǼߵģҩȥĻȻɹۣټڳķúķãͱȽϵˣңСѾʺǲҲôķõʣÿ춼Ҫòٵҩÿ׬ȡԴȴҲֻͳԺõģ˵СѾʵˣֻһĶѣԼٲɼҩļһЩɱĻǿɾûˡ
ŷ˵ͷ⻹ΪʯԼҩԭֱȥĻǼ۸ضᱻѹüͣǾ͸ûʲô׬ͷˣʯӻôһͷԵġ
ǲȥСյأɼҩҲʵǱƵû취ˣΪСյزҩ̫̫ˣڵҩļ٣һڣܹҵһҩһҪӦһЩԴߵɧţԣһģʹССѾҩҲ˳СѾĥĥһǻ˲ԴĽһ·ģȴǵ͹գ飬شҲ֪ˡ
ԭˣŷȻɻǹӶĽߣͲǻɱˣȻȡǵĶȡǵԴ
һֱվŵΣŷ֪⣬ûķ˷ۣ治֪ôزģ֪
ˣǹӶǵʱǻĵģֻҪģǾͲɱˣһɱǵʵͽ½üû˻ôġʯȻҲɻŷΪʲôȴʣػش
ȻˣǸղôǣΣգҲæأѵͲʵ½𣿡
ǳ׵ıŷ֪ˣ۶ٷûĽ͵治֪ǲϵˣѵͲֻ֪ԼԼܻɱûԼһ𣿡
εĻŷҲЩ˼ˣ˵ʵǰڹżҵʱֻһСС۶ѣȥЩͽӴ⣿֮Ҳһֱæ֪֪֪޷ԼѣԲŻֳôһЦ
ŷƺЩҲͲٵ٩ˣ˵һʼֻһСԴΪѣȵ˱ŻʣĸǡЩӶߣҲһЩʼΪƽӹʵΪƽּΪ裬ԼֲԸȥɱԴ޵һȺˣֻһˣܹȡĳǵȻȥˣԲŻֹӶߴڡܹӦãһǲӦģԻڵһʱ䱳ѣˣ˱Ҫû˻ȥӶԼġ
ʯҲǿЦͷλǰ˵òҲǱƵûа취ˣ׼һԲɼҲԽʡ¼һʳɱȴ뷢£
ǵĽͣŷǳ׵˹뵽ǻᵽزԼѲϵȻǹѣԼ˵ʲôҲðһġԼֱӸԴĻҲǺܺãԼǰǣǿʩˣҪȥǣ⵹һ⡣
üͷ룬ŷȻԼƹ򱦸ҩʦţԼýæӦòܾʯҲһЩͷԣСһһƷҩʦȻ֪ҩ츳Σ϶᲻գ˵СѾѾͷܱζޣǼΪģҪǹżҵĹõ֪ȥˣټԼƼģ᲻ᱻص֪ٲȥڻܿ϶ˡ
ƹ򱦸ͲʲôϽݣǾʹһˡһҵĳŮǻܲˣ˴ȥ򱦸ǰõİ취ˡ
ŷ˼˶վԭز˵ȴľʯ֪ŷǾԲᶪǲܵģȻ֪ô϶뷨ǴӺζ۹ŷ˸ΪȴȻôƽ׽ˣ˿ûǰܹ˵ܶ⡣
ʯƹСѾСҵĻͲҪȥˣߣеطŸǡǻҪԼĻҲû⣬һǴȫĵطһԽԴ⡣ѡ񣬾Ϳǵ˼ˡ
ŷĻʯӡСѾСˣŷҲסˡ
ǶΪŷܰǴѾ御ˣϾǣ͵׸һ㣬ܰɱУߵʱ䡣
û뵽ǣŷ岻ȥȫĵطǣھȵͬʱֶɵļ֮ɫи˿˿ˮ˳˵Уôһһʵͨ˰Լνǰĸ֣֪ƶٸľ㣬ܹõİ
Ҳڹŷ忴Լʲôѵ£ԴԼǣ⼸ɱ߽ԴõԴѾһ֣͸ʯһԴΣǰŵ򱦸ҲֻǶ˼·ѣд͹ĻĴڣ͵˶ʱ䡣
ڲ粽еʯСѾʯһңǾһ˵ʵԼԴǶôӴ󣬾˵ŵĵطǻܲ
󣬴ˣңҲ֪˵˵ЩʲôˣңңҸͷˣʯӻĿᣬҪŷ£˼ˣܹ˲֪Ϊ˶᣿ʵ̲סˣԼûʲôؼԼŮ˴˵İٽǰ;һƬҲøԼˡ
ˣʯƹҿɲ˰ŷʵܲɹ˵
ǣǡʯӵȻ֪ŷֻ˵˵ѣҲ֪ŷʵǲںԼĸлҲͲˣȴǰԾ飬ԼţҲһҪ
οԹŷжµˣٿ費ĵЦݣﲨؿһۣѩɴ֮µľӨǣɹһ鶼Ϊ֮Ļȣá


109 ٻƹ
ôģûУţǴǵȫĵط󣬽Դ⣿ŷЦ˵ǿҪðʱڡ
ˣô˸ǰˣʯҲû룬˵
ȻǮ⣬ȷǸܺõѡ񣬲붼룬ΪǸûʵȥԼĲƲȥЩҲ϶ûйŷ尲ŵĺãǵǰ;ضӹâһЩ
ŷĵ˵ͷһܹ꣬סôһʽ𣿿ЩòǺ֪˺󣬲һ֪ǵʵôͺ󣬻ҪֱڳпˣԣԼǵ򱦸ȥõѡ
УǾ߰ɡŷЦ˵ȻһΣһ׺󣬱żˣ·ˡ
ʵʯͿһԵΣģӨļòͬҲǧһʯСѾҲ̲סƬʧǾ͸˵ʯӺСˡվܶôĬ˵Ŀ⽹㣬ǲɱģŷ岻ܣҲȻȥʣĿҲ̫ͣãһ֪ʵɲŮ˲
Ƕ룬Ů˻᲻Ǵ˵ŮˣȴҲֻ涼Ȼ˶ҵŮˣϴɫˣ
СȻѾָˣΪʧѪ࣬廹Ǻֻ࣬ʯӱߣʯСѾһֱڹŷǣĴ۾ȴʱʱƳһֱڹŷΣгĽ֮ɫ
ҪεòʣܳΪλǰһվڲܵߵŮأСѾͷͷĽ뵽
ŷЦĿʯСѾ벻εȴŮĶסνоķ绪ˡ
ˣܸңڵʵжôǿôģҲ߱˵ġʯСѾȻصشչСԴʵ
ʵ̫ˣղŴ˵ֶľͬһǿأ˶ûǼ˾ȻôˣǼˣҲˣڶ浱С
εҲ˹ҲܺŷڵжôǿΪΪʵʵΪͲȫʵʯСѾʣҲ̲סСŷڵʵмΡ
ŷһЦԼھŽڵԴ޶ܹѹƣѹ⼸ġǻƵãµģŷһܹѹ࣡߼֮ǰڵģ
ҰΪôֻ߽ĩڣʵ൱ھŽ׳ڰɡŷЦЦش
СѾͷŴС죬ĿŹŷ壬ҲǰǸʲô֪СѾͷˣ֪Ϊ߽ףʵȴ൱ھŽ״ʲô˵ǾŶأû뵽˾Ȼô
ŷĻҲһ˿ɫ֪ŷʵضԼǿҲֻΪֻԼǿһѣҪĻ˭˭Ӯ治һĵֻ̣ܹ⿴ģ
ȴ뵽ŷȻ൱ھŽ׳ڵʵҪ֪˽ŽףǲǺ֮ʵͬ˵㣬ǾʮԼҲһܹӮټ֮
βȥˣֲò˭ʵνֱֱ˵˿±֪ʵԭǸͲں֪൱ھŽ׳ڵʵټʵɲ֮£ԾŽĩڸ֣ܹ
֪ŷʵʵǡ൱ʮŽ׳ڣһŽڡĻֻ֪θˡ
Ȼŷ岻ĵȥЩһ·ʯСѾ˵˵ЦЦżγϼ䣬һ·Ҳޱȡ
ΪʯСѾˣнٶȴ˲٣ڼʲôԴޣŷҲֱӰʵѹʯСѾһȼǰȥս֮󣬹ŷָֻһЩ֮ƺҲʯСѾʺͣûµʱҲ䣬ָ㣬ټϹŷλʱʱĻóƿҩӳԣʵ벻ÿ춼ˣߵݳǵʮʵӲǴӶ׳Ӳı˶ĩڣҾҲֻһ֮ңˣٶȿʯСĿɿڴвɸ̾治һĹڣ˵ʯСѾôõʣ¾ٲģܱһľ䣡
ʮһֱûܹԼԼǣ˹ŷ嵱ȻҲȥ죬ĹϵһֱʯˣЩֻĵ׵뷨ѣΪЩǹϵֲû֮ܣҲȷϡ
ݳǻôķ֡
ҲϢֱӴӴ͹Ļ͵ڣִǴ͵ǣȻִǴ͵˾ƹĳкǣٴӺǳֱƹȥ
Ϊһ·ʹõĴ͹Ļﴫ͵·ߣִˣ˴ݳǵǣ˻ʮӶѣΪıݡ
Ǳˣ⴫͵ķãȴʯ˰զ࣬˾Ȼȥٶ꣬ǿٶҲֻǰզˣΪЩãȫŷһ˰ˣңҲΪŷ廨ôԴΣΪǿŷװԴҵĴӣõͷСƤװģһǸڣɫĹâʱҫǵۣô棬ȻûһöǽɫģöԴ²¶ʮɣ
οôԴҲ΢΢̺С죬һͳһСʮöɫԴ뵽ֽ䵱ˣ׼ԼˣһŷȻһҲԼˡ
һǣŷҲһʾԼĲƴֱ֣ﻨ˼깺ͷĶԴһһƥֱƹȥ
ʵŷ岢԰ԼĲ˵ʵԼǮϼѸ߼ģЩԴƤװʵԼڸûԴˣΪ˭ڶֻܴŰԴѣЩõԴңŷֻôװˣȴװװţôˡ
⼸ͷȴΪȻǴ͹Ļܹ͵þƹĳǳأеĻȴҲҪߺü£Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬ŷ岻֮£⼸ͷ򣬹ŷôܻῴ⼸ͷ˳øèƵ
ԴȻֻǶ׵ģҲҪȲпֻ࣬һµʱѣѾ˾Υƹ
ƹɻǸƹûʲô̫ı仯Ȼƹ֮ǰĻִûбżһһռȥƹ˵һ˵һԴĲΪǡ
ΪƹֻôһǳأȫһЩǽΧĴǶ㲻ϣƹڹŷ뿪֮ǰǿҲĩڵĶѣֻʵ֮ΪЩʵ
ƹġڻҰ½ʤЩ䣬ΧһȦǽԳǡĶУ˹ŷҲȥƹǲǹˣȥ


110 Դ
ȹͯĵطô·ϣ˶֪˹ŷƹģҴСۣ˵ǲûʲô⡣
ţŷ建˵ͷĿ֪Щʲô
ʮľͬһ㣬תۼ䣬ʮѹԼȴȻվȫԸҵĸ߶ȻģֻǣУûΪԼȸԾ
ԼǺεس˭ȫ֪Ҳȥ룬ΪȻѾԼǾͱʾѾԼϾ˹ϵԣٻȥԼĸĸ˭ҲȥѰǡ
ŷ徲ԴޱϣĬĬĿǰϤȴİĳǳأһʱ䲻ЩȻ
ʯӼ˿ŷȻôĬĿųǳأΪʲô£ҲȥվţֻΣȴϸоһֹ¶һĹ¶
δĿƽʱʲôʱ򣬶һȻ΢Цˣĵףȴԭּʮһգ˷Լʹ֣ʹʱֻһܣֵʱֻһ΢Цεһּ尾
κȻԼԼĸףԼִȰĸףԼ簮үү̣ԭԼ˵Ҹ
ŷһƽһеЦЦ˵߰ɣǽǣ
ˣͷݣĵСڣĿģسǻŵ߰յĽηĿУ˳˳Ľ˳
Ҳûʲô仯Ȼ䣬ҪΪ̫ˣһ߶ԸǾ͸˵ֻͨ˵İˡ
ҲΪǲŸսǶѣȹŷ˽ӽĵʱ˻ģ·ߵĸҵҲЩһŷһһľݣ뵽ĸӵСһЩգרܳЩԴţЩˣǻûԴ޵ģ͸ǰĹŷһ
ȻŷԴ޵ëͣΪû޽Լ޷ֻͨסëͣ
ôˣôҲͣ˿ܣʵ
ת͵ˡŷ˵ͷȴָָߵһҷݣЦ˵ȥ֮ǰԶٷɡ
Է΢΢һôСķݣĲ˻Լĺóԣҽֶ治мҸôôԣ
ƺεɻ󣬹ŷ͵ҷݣҵһγԱĵطҲҵһκúõĳһĵط˵꣬ҲȻĿ⣬˽ȥ
ĬȻԭСʱ
ٶ˵˶Դޱڹŷ߽ҲķݣȻСȴܸɾࡣ
һ̣ҲҪŷ£սսһСղſǿ⼸ǴſͷԴģ˲õĴﰡ͸糿Ⱥһƺ糿Ⱥ˵Ҫ⼸λ˵ĸǿ󣡵⼸˵ûȺ˵ôͣôǿ󣬶ԼܹģԼֻдǾˣ
ǣǣõġСһĵͷëһļţȻŮ˺ÿòˣһλѩɴŮ˾ҪƹŮ˶Ҫǧȴȥ࿴һۣԼһۺ벻ĿˣԼҲͲԶˡ
һʮˣŷͣ˳Էʱļ˷ܣͲɵһЦʱôԼ治֪ǸÿֻǸñô˵ڵԼܿ֡ܳʵ
֪УŷľƺַĳЩı仯Ǿþö޷ͻƵ˽׵ΪȻɶ仯ʵȽϵ͵ʯǵȻоʵŷΣȴڵһʱоˡ
㣬㣬㣡ƯĴ۾ĿĿֻԶٷʵͻƣȻͻƵ˽ΪҲԲԶˣܣҪ˶ãܹͻƵ˽ףΪסΪļѾɶˣֻҪɶһ㣬ͻӶ˽ףָտɴ
Ǻǣ⣬Ҳ֪Ȼᷢ¡ŷҲ⣬벻ԼֻһЩӰ˵飬һԼͯʱڣľȻˣľʹΪļֻҪľͻˣʵҲˣǻҪ˶ãԼȻȻĵ˽ˡ
ŷĻζʱ޻˵ˡѾ޷˵Ĺˣ̫ˣһ
ԸȻͻƣⲻǾʲô
Ϊŷľͻһ⣬ΪľͻƣԸߣԣȴǾ߽ܲٴͻƵĹؼ
ԣȫָͬ
ͺñ˵һ似ٶ̶ȣԾģԵ͵ģһӶܹ͸ĳ似ԸߵģҲһܹ͸ĳ似еĳʽĳɡľҲһࡣ
ʣǾǴϵͻƣͺñһ˵ķӦձٶȵȵȡ
ŷͻƣȻֻԵͻƣ߽ߣҪķԡΪľ޷ϣ޷ƵĻǾͲôıЩԶ޷õߣ˵ԣǾ߽˵Ĺؼ
ּҲֻǴڽλͻƶѣ˵ŷǰ˽׸ˣôһֱŽ֮ǰľļˣҪͻƵŽףǾҪһļܹõͻơ
ҲΪʲô½ϻôŽĩڸ֣ȴʼ޷ͻƵʮ׵ԭˡ
ΪʣԿҩߣľļȴֻԼȥˡ͸ˣͽﵽ۷壬û͸ֻһֱھŽףȥˡ
ļľļ򱻴½ͳΪԴ١
ߣһԴ١
߽׵˽ףΪһ٣˽׵ŽףΪڶ٣Ž׵ʮףҲѵһ٣Ϊ١
ľŶֹֻڶٶѣʼն޷ͻصĵ٣ÿһͻƵ˵ٵģһ콾Ȼʮ꣬ڸ̵ʱڻĪʧˣɣǵĻԻ˿ȡ
ŷ壬ҲҪͻصĵ٣ȻȥѰЩʮΪʲôһʱ䶼Īʧԭ⣬һֱĶȻҲһֱȥĶ
ðɣ˵ɡЩɺĵ˵ͷڣԼԽԽԶˣԼĻлܹ׷ĽŲ
İɣʲҲġȥ˴ɳȤĻҿȫȫĸôġŷ忴ƺ˲ûһۣв֪Ϊλ̵ĸоû̫⣬Բ˵
αŷ˼磬ʱ̲סһ˲䲼ϼжʱ飬ԴҲЩɲǵĿհף¹ŷĻһʱûס
⻹һαһǵĶļ򣬶ǰԼĻضҲľͰνɱģ㲻ɱҲҪսٻغϣҲҪȥֻԼӵ֣֪ΪΣԼȴһɱ⡣
˹ŷղԼʱ˵Ļϲ˲ʱգϲʵ㣬˵Ŀģ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷ˵ȻģһȽȿҵ˵


111 򱦸Σ
Ҳ֪ŷô˵ʲô˼Ϊ˼˵ܿ࣬Ҳľҡͷٿ࣬Ҳģ
ŷЦҡҡͷԼһ࡯˵ãҲ˵һУֻԼ
ʵǸô࣬ôΣգҶҪѧġκȻĵĿ˹ŷһۣ˵㶼Ѿͻ˵һ٣һ֪Ҫòܹͻƣҿɲ뱻̫࣡
ŷһЦ˵ʵһٵͻƣʵΪ⡣
ȻľĵľϲˣԴһ٣Լͻһ٣Ǿ˵ԼԼĿֻˣչùŷôĥľҲ̲סһ˷ܡ
εĻЦ˵İɣľҲҪ˶þ͡
ŷ廰û˵ȻͣԼҪ˵Ļɴ˫ۿЦĵŵΣʧǰɣ㣬Ҳ
⣬Ҳû뵽ҾȻҲͻˣ
ξ覵βסľϲؿЦ˼ѹŷղŵĻԭⲻĻ˻
ôҲû뵽ԼղžȻΪŷʵԽԽԶ֮¶ЩɺľҲô˵һ٣ڣʵŷƽˣȻǲŷĵ򣬻켶ڵĳƽ
ԣǶǡ⡯
ŷ鼫Ϊĵ˵ͷȻĿԣȻչշһĵЦ⣬һ֮ͨС
ˣ˵ʲôѽ
˵ĻʯСѾڴһ㣬˰죬ûŪʲô⣬ʲôͻ˵һ٣ѵ˵ǾԷͻ
ûиобѽǵʵٴͻƣǱ۵ٶȣǻƹĶôûһоأ
ŷһЦûȥشʯСѾ⡣
˵ҲһܶϾǵʵҪӴ棬мԶһ·ҪߣȵǵʵˣҲȻᶮ˵벻˵û̫𣬷˵˻ѹΪá
ʱѾȫ룬ŷкҿԣԼҲһӺܾöûԹļУζĳ
϶ǲԴóԵģŷڳԵĲζûͯͯ䡣
극ŷҪϰԴϰȴӲǲҪ˵ʲôԼִֵԣǽ벻öˣٷ͵ˡ
ŷΣֻߵʱͳһöɫûԴҶϣȻˡ
ȴϰֱŵ̱˵ϣѽǴԶֻмķȻֱӸʮԴ
ȴٸͻȥˣоµԭ򣬵ȻҲ᲻õԭʮ֪꣬Ҫ׬ò׬
ǸأԶַ͸˼ʮꣿ
κЦĿ˹ŷһۣգգ۾
߰ɣǰ͵ˡ
ŷȴǲȥЦ˿ǰǾ޴ġ򱦸֣̽˵ȻһȵǱȥ
򱦸󡯵ƺãΪʵ̫ˣùŷЩˡ
Ϊ򱦸ĴſڣΧģùŷоЩģΪЩ棬Ȼȫߣ
ȻЩ󲿷ֶֻһ׵ģһ򱦸ſڣ򱦸ʲôöҪͺܲѰˡ
ùŷ循ȵǣȻΧס򱦸ڲ㣬Ӧ˺ü߽ߵϢףʮףʮĽ׵ġ
׵ϢһŷϤȻǽϵģͲϵʵͣһȻˡ
ҪΪΪͲˣףڻҰ½ϣֿԿɵˣ
ͺñƹңҲĩڶѣֻҪ룬ƹģƹڣȫԺߣ˵Ϊͨ˵ѾǶˡ
ô£ôôˣ
δ˿Ҳߵ˹ŷߣɻʵ
֪˵ɡ
ŷҡҡͷ򱦸ôΧסҲʲô¡
ҵĺý㣬ô㻹ֿɣ˵ƾ⼸Сϣ񣡡
һ̬ưһͷԴϣָԱߵļˣм˵
ĻЩɫ˲ʱ࣬ƹ˵һļܹ裿
ҲֻܸŭԣǵʵǿҲǰոͻƵĽ׳ڵƹˣˣһףܺɨƹҲֻʡ
ߣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣСǼŮһ˳λ̳ˣ㣬ȴֻһССϵӵܰˣȻ͸ҪС˳ļ̳λã
ϻǵ˫۶ʱ˹âѩ׵ĺһ̣ȵ
ȴǲЦЦ˵ϵûȴǴүģǵڶ˳λ̳ˣʸ˵⻰ɣ
Сǵһ˳λŵڶ˳λƾʲôͽС˳̳˵λã
ϵƶ嵽һȥɼ֮ŭ
򱦸ʮǰͻȻһʲôҩʦ۹׻ҲͲѹǼˡλϵľ飬ΪƽϢ׻µŭǾֻаѽļ̳λýλϵľ飬޷ģ
һЦֻ˵
׻£Ϻͽһ㶣࿴һۣӶԷпɻֹ򱦸ҩʦʲô£
ƺ֪еɻ󣬽ֻЦҲ֪Ǹҩʦô׻£Ǽλ˵˺û˼ΪƵԴĻǽѾˣ⣬ҲΪʲôλջԭˣҪ֣Ҳֻܹ۹̫֪˸ʲô֪ôĶ
վȺĹŷвһ˿ɱ⡣
ǶμңΪԼԭ򣬵ʯֱӳ׻ΪԼֻһ򱦸ҩʦѣȻͰյ˼Ϊ޹Ľͷϣ
ԵҰʱùŷеŭһαȼܿͱѹסˣʵһҪʵøǿ˵
ͽϣ˵ǵһԼԮֵˣԼΣصĶڣ͸ԼļĻĺ˵
ȻԼʱЩҩܹļˣǵŷȴǲˡ
ңô˵Լҩʦأ򱦸ѣ鼴ȥҼ̳֮λԼ˵ʲôҲҪһģʯСѾˣҲҪæԣΣҪһ
׻
һԵҲһȻ뵽ʲôתͷʵѵ˵Ǹ˵ҩʦ㣿׻ǲǾϴڽеǼ£
ŷ嵭һЦ˵ͷ㻹ôֻһ룬ܰЩʼĩˡ
ŷ׻𣬵ȷϴڽʱֱӰ׻׼͸лƤתйأʱŷΪ׻۵ԭ򣬵׻µʱ໨˼һԴ
ټǴľܾͰѻȫ˹ŷͷϣŻһϵе顣
ûˮĴ۾һۣʲôʱôգգ۾ʵ費ҪҰæҿ԰Ǹ׻ƽŶ
ŷȻһЦεȷаƽ׻ʵΪռҿ֮һɲĴ۹ɱȵģռ˶Ϊ֮ŮλռҺ޴ʵȥ۹ңռҲض
ڰƽһ׻ǻСһ۹ĵ۾ҲΪԼٸеһȥռȻ


112 ľ
ãŷ嵭ҡͷԼƽǸ˼һô
ûκ⣬Ϊϵŷ˵ˡ
Щദ֪ƽʱһͨն˵ЦĵףȴǼΪģһĽ
ⲻǰǰǣŷ壬ܺõڹˡǡһʵĺ塣
Զѣôľ棬һüͷҲͬñ˲顣Է۹ȻҲ˿壬ֻԼʵǿˣȻԼȥЩԹ
ҲҲΪʲôһֱٶȳɳĶ֮һˡ
ߣֻΪԼСѰҸɡ
ǿߣֻΪԼѰҸѹתΪ࣬ǶգǶѹͬҲǶκμ裬ǶܹΪԼǰĶնһϰݣǿߵķ
⣬ǿ֮
㣬˵ŴʦʱڵĽ϶ع򱦸ҲֻйŴʦҩʦǣʵôܻǵ׻أ
ʮǰΪҩʦʱȴ߶ǣҲŸոճΪһһƷҩʦѣǾԲܻ׻ģΪۣ׻׻Ҳֱȥ鷳ѽôѻǽҵͷˣ
⣬ýͽϼΪ⣬ȻǾ붼ȥΪ׻κβ˹ŴʦԭΪǿȫ췽ҹ̷飡
Ҳ֪ʲôʦֻ֪򱦸һҩʦ׻£ΪƽϢŭ𣬺ٺ٣ҵĺý㣬ֻλ
ߣտƾ˭ţϱģôӵ۵ģһ˵
տƾðɣҲö˵ˣʵǲ˳̳֮λҾֻܰѽȥЩϾˣ׸֣ʮףʮĽףݣ˵ֻһ׵Ľϣ˵ƹ˼ɱģ
뵽һĵ⣬۸߹ĸΧˣʲôƹļƶֻһ㣬ȴûû⼸ˣû˽ң϶㲻ϡ
ҿ˭ҶԽҳŮ֣ܻĺȵôҲû뵽⼸˾Ȼĵ
˵ǴȥʵץȥҳŮıһССϵ˸ץ˻ȥ²Լ޷ڽ̧ͷҲûȥǼ̳֮λĸףڵĽҼҲԻἫΪѿġ
ܵǻģ˶ý˾һССϵץԼŮضᱻɣӶǰλˡ
Һ岻һ˵ʲôʲôΪǾ̵ļ壬ֿ߶ߵʵ׵һڽңǿԱλ滻ģľڳҲǿԷġ
ȻҪڳһͨ˵ģһгһλϷ񶨣ɻǼ˵㣬Ҫ
ôңҿǷڳϵģԴͷһһģ˵
ʵڳϸûԸֱӰѽҳŮץؼңⲻǽʹһıˡ
ʱѽץؽҺڳ𣬽Ҳ԰Щжʱȫ˵ԼûԸֻԸҪȥͽ˵˵ӳϵľ˳̳֮λ˵ĻǾͻȻ֪ϣڳ顣
ټڳϵȷָҪλԣΣκ£ĨڽҼŮĿҲﵽˣҲֻýԼˣֻǿЦѱһöӶ֪Ϊֱϵضһֱմմϲš
ãܺãҲǲڳϵ˼ֻ֪СûʲôԸͲ˳̳֮λ£ǿСץȥĻǾʹʬ̤ȥɣ
Ѿ࣬һССϵȻڵһ˳λ̳˵ǰҰҪ˵ȥǽСԺ治ȥǼ̳֮λˣƴҲĽóѣ
˾Ľϣôܻ²ʵǽһƲߣֻһƷˣ棬ûеԼֻⷽԼһ׶ѣƹʲôģͿס㿿סҲʤ㣡ԼסЩˣСܣǾ͸ǲˡ
ĸĵһ˳λ̳ˣϵܵģҪˣǿµýֵҼλ
棬ʵǡвص̾һһһǿһֱû˵Ľ飬пɬǧ
˵ϣͲҪôִ˰ɣѵƾǣֿܵǲɣ
ﱳϣָƹһڼȻȵ˽Ҽ£ȵ£ִҪҵȵжԣǾֻܱҵȻˣ
һһȡҵȡģͺԼղŵģǺεȵӢ۸һ㣬꣬ĿһȦ˶ɫţȴ˸ڷԼоͲɸӵˣڳ޲ȥһ١
ĴƹȫԺ绽һŭգȴҲ֪˵ĻȻ˷ŭȴȷôһ£ǽҲǿǰķϣ֪ôһ£ǾǴǶˣôȥ
ĿǰǷĽϵԵǰ㣬ǽڽҵĵλضһǧɣٲ޵Ļ½ƹԼļ壬Ļ⵽Щ˵Ļˡ
ǣæֶǿѹеŭĵЦݣ黮ޡ
Ȼǽҵļ£ƹҵȻˣƹһЦæ黮˽ޡ
ԶԶԣ˵öѽǽҵļ£ЩôȥأλүˣżҼžҲæ¶Ц˵
˵ûˡ
λĴͷҲ׷׸͵黮˽ޣǰûܹĺôģ˿̶̬
ǵʲô
Ŀǰ棬ЩƽʱԼķУظֻ֤ҪѾһһȺˣж֮С
Ҳ֪֮飬ھԵʵΣǰһж֦һ۾ͶϣҲû̫ǣǸԼԼҲûڼ嶼Ҫ£ȥʲô顣
ֻǣôҲû뵽ǣԼƴһҩʦȻǵ׻ͷȥֻܹԼμ֮λѣȴû뵽ΪԼμ谭׹뵽ٲ֮أȴûȥֹŷ壬ΪԼģԼҪġԣôҲֲͷȥ
ֻ棬Լȴûκΰ취ѵԼҪһССϵץȥô
ǿҧ촽һĿԼ׼ץԼĽȴ޿κΣ˰ˣô춼ûκΰ취ˣֻϣԼڻȥ֮ЩܺúԼһҪ˸׵λþͺˡ
ڽѾҪʱһİȴϤ쳹ȫΪ֮Ŀ
ϣ


113 ֮ŭ
˶㵵򷢳ķȥǶ뿴㾳ˣ˭ɵվǱȥΧǣҲΪŷÿһ·оԳ˾㵣ЦĵĿǣƺڼǵĲ֪ô
Щ߶ǸߣڳڵҲ÷Լļǽ黮˽ޣ֪Ķɵӣȴȥкǲ֪ôдġ
ŷϹŵȻЦݣһȵǰ棬ǣҲĺ棬ɫҲûʲô仯Ϊйŷڣ⼸ˣܷʲô˻ɣ
Ϊεĳ֣Ȼ棬ƮɵʣӨļģ˵Ŀ⣬жĸֳһ˿ޣһĨԣþö޷ƿĿ⡣
ĿŹŷ壬ʮʱ䣬ѾɴӵǸƼݵСӱȼ䲻ĴˣϢȴôҲˣֻһۣϳˣԼ򱦸ҩʦҲǽԼٽѵԴͷ
תĿ⣬վߵʱжʱһ𾪣ɻѵǸԼֻһ棬ϢԶĿԺ֮еľŮϢԴˣһǣôڹŴʦأԴԼ֪񻹴û˵ĸһ
ȻɻǧȴֻܰЩѹĵףʱʵЩʱ
ŷ建;þ˹żңĿһۣž쵱ȻʶԼߵĹϣȴϳԼ˿һ𾪵ĿԼһԵζûȥע⣬Ȼǲǰʵ
ŷȴȥϲʶԼˣʮǰڶʱԼһڵȥ̽·Ѿùŷ͹żһ˽ޣӴԼҲǷʲôˡ
ߵǰΪԼͻȻ𾪵ݣɵһЦʵɻǵң
鲻ɿЦһ˵ôܻ᲻ǵã˻Ҷǵã
ŷһЦ֪϶ԼȻΪôһ鷳׼˵ԼģǱ߽ȴǴ
Ǻˣѵ㲻֪ҽҼ𣿣һưʹһΪʮ㣬۾ҲʱʱƳһԵΣΪԼôŵһɤӣض˵עĿȴû뵽ȴǿ߿һۡ
ŷ廹û˵ȴȺ֡
ŷ壡ǹŷ壡ޱȵŵʧе㣬ôû
Ǿ仰ʯСѾʯСɱ⣬һΣҲ̲סüһҲɱ𣬲ȴûжЩҲļˣԼʺ϶֡
ʯСѾʯ˵ǸһĹŷ壬ǵۣκ˸ҶǵУοǾ仰ʵ̫ﲻˬˣŷûҲҶ֡
Ϊλڹ˵Ǿ仰ɱҲֻԼ֪ˡ
ҲԼҲ֪ΪΡ
ŷ嵭Ŀʧ̬ĹһۣҲȥСƣѾûʸԼˡ
ȥ˼ң˼ȴӲҪ㣬Ҳ޿κε顣
ҲֻΪŷͻȻ֣ЩţԲŻЩʧ̬ѣע⵽˰վߵΣͫ˲ŴǳԣȻǼȵķŭ
ȻɻŷΪʲôڶԴ޵ϣ˿еķŭȴѾɥʧǣ˵ղźͽкǾͱʾѾվ˽ǱߣǾ͵ǽĵˣ˽ڴˣԴޣأ׸֣ɶĽԴޣܱ׸ֻǿ
ΣڶĵһۣΪľɶԣһҪȢΪޡ
ӶʮȻ޷Ӱν˼ҹ룬ҲֻΪܹԼҲţʣǺ׾ܹ׷ĽŲģ
ԣʮ¿ۣ࣬ÿ춼ҩţҩԡţ죬ͻƵ׳Ϊ
˷ܣΪԼٷܶʮܹ꣬ﵽףȻȥѰҪȢΪ޵ʱȴѾˣȴǳǸǰ۶ÿߡ
żǰһССۣܹȵҵʣεºܣܹõ־Ůӵԣķŭˡ
ŷ壬ССۣȻûΪôЩһֱعżңѵ㻹ӲɣɥʧǵĹһȣԱߵĹžͶԼżһ˶ǶĤ죬֪żǷʲô񾭡
Ļž켸ȴŵˣɥʧǣûаŷˣǵʵȴǸͿ͸Ǿ˵ٶϵĸˣȸ֣żңǻǷַӵѣ
ûǻعȴĴٴ֪֪ӹżҪܺεȳͷڿϹ£úøҹżҿͷϴĻҲ˵
żˣȫ˶ˡưĽҲ̲סŴͣ˵üһȻӻ
ۣӣʲôʲô
жɻ󲻽⣬ȴ֪ŷܻŵĻǽͽǹżҵĩա
ѵɵӿŷٶ׵Ϊ𣿻ͷϴ¿ͷϴܱ֤ĻǶոˣ
ס죡ž͹ż׵ڳͬʱһرǶϣȵҲȻŷܸӣ𾪣вţпɬҲЩη壬Ͼǻ˽ǧϹˣû˵۽Ҳö֪࣬ϻŵģ˶ڹŷôǰССۣʮͻƵ׻ܹǿܵġ
ȹž켸˸ӼԭΪڶʱԼһȺ˿Ǳڵȥ̽·ģھȥ˿ԹżҵĸԲġʵǿˣûҹżҵ鷳żҾ͵ллˣȴɵӾȻ˵ôһŵ촽ֱֱģ޲þôźá

Ǻֹȴ̫ˣ滰䣬һɱĽ߸쳹ȫȻ֮ƣȴյһѹڳߵϣԼϱѹƵΪʱǾŵȫԷŽһͷˡ
׵ߣʵֱӱѹƵףʮ׵ģֱӱѹƵ˶ףЩĽ׵ģֱӱѹƵһףЩµġȴֱǻصڵĻ
˶ɵˣǺεȵΪ˽ףǾŽף
ȴ֪ǣ⻹ԭ
ʵ߽ĩڵʱͿѹһͷ˽ĩڣƽһͷŽ׳ԴˣȻûͻƵ˽ΪľȴѾڸղͻ˵һ٣Ǿ͵α˽׵ĸˣҲԵеһ֣ȻҲľͻƶһ㣬ʵѹЩǿ׵ߣǻСһûЩµȫѹ࣬ȷˣ


114 ֮
˵εѹƣɵ˵ĻôνһȴǺӶҪɳˡ
켶似ǿ켶似ĴǺǿټϱǿʵǸߴ˼Ľһ켶ƣһƬıʱһʮ׳ľ޴âֶǾ֮ʱضΪ֮ʧɫ޷һµĻڳмܹ
һĹżˣܵѹȴΪǿҡ
ΪˣҲûбֱѹ࣬Ҳ޲ѹƵΪһƾһǶʱŵɫ԰׵ûһѪ˿˲ռ˫ۣǸֱǿҵĹ棬ȴѾѹȵòòڵأĿ⾪һζԡ
ڻûӦΪʲôԼ費˼Ů˻ɱԼѵΪԼ˹ŷǸ˼
һ޴Ľâٶȥֱնżҷжֻһͷˣżҽˣ
ۼâʱһĽ˶޳ȴͬ˲һ˹żǰҲûʲôֻ֣һĻɲǼס˹żҵˣâҲʱ򵽴ˡ
ûеıըҲûе𶯣ǵâȻôϢɢٿǵĻҲǲӰ
˶ĿһĻþԡ
һƾˣ춯صĹȻͱһ֣ɵĸˣʲôֶΣǿ˺־磿
ÿɱǣμԼĹȻŷסˣüһ߸һȻֿʼ˱£ŵ˶̲ס֮Զµ»ᲨԼ
ŷһЦôңǰأ룬ΪȴùŷижĪķŭˣΪԼŭ
ˣȻɱұϾСǴӹżҳģΣҲżκιϸˡԺǻǻ٣Ҳκιעŷ嵭һЦߵɱǰ˵
αߵģһŷ⼸¼еŭȻ˲ʧӰˣѩɴ֮µľ֮ϣҲʱ˺ϼûİһۣСһæ˹ŷ֣Ťף˵ûҪ
ʵҲ֪ղԼΪʲôŷ˵ķŭʱֻоĵŭ𣬲죬Ҳû֮£ֱһ켶з˳ȥɴ󾪣⻹Լ
δûԼȻһΪһ֮˷ôĻѵΪԼ㶵뵽
ŷ庬ЦԿڲĵĻвɻһĪůЦ˵У֪ղԼͻ˵һٵʵ˰ɣ
ʱٴһ죬һߵʯСѾߣٲȥŷĻˡ
ŷЦݣɫĻͷһĿɿڴгηԼĹżˣû˿ĳ˵ʼżκιϸ˭ңҽʧ
䵭Įż˶ʱֹסĴһ亹ֱðͷ˵ˡ
棬ĿԼÿһ۵ССۣҲûκŭԣеģֻ޾Ŀ־塣
ղʮ׽âƣڳ֮޲ᣬһƥоŽ׳ڵȫһˣȴȻǰôɵľ͵ֵ񼼰ַڵͬʱֶɵðһͷѵǾŽ׸𣿣
˵仰ŷȥܹż֮ӿ־תΪηĿ⣬عͷһ뺧ȻԼĽͽЦ˼Ϊô鷳
ҡͷֱڣӦֻһ뷨ôǾŽ׸ˣ
ǵã뿪ʱ򣬺ڰɣ̶ʮ꣬ʹڵڵľŽףôܣǶûôֲٶȰɣ
ŴʦԲӣʢģɲԼҪġ㻹ֻ򱦸Ҹҩʦѣ棬Ҳֻǽĳ˽ͷˣļıˣ˲Ϊ鷳һ˵𺳣ȴǻ˲֪õϹˣǿѹе˶˵
ʵǹŷ׻˳𣬽ҲͲᱻʹıˣȻô˵ɲùŷвˣⲢ¹ŷ壬ǹŷֳͬ漣ʣзˣٲùϵҲôˣ
˵˵ڣĳɾͱǷǷȻվĶеСٸһʱ䣬׻ߵʲô̶ȣ˭Ҳ޷⣬ȻҲ̫ȻţʵͰǰɲýϲԴ
Ƚŷ½ʱ򣬽Ҳôչ˽С㣬ֻܹһֱ򱦸ͽСѺùϵˣΪֻڴѹ۸С֮ǰҲòȥؿһ¹ŷһϵʹˣõĺôȻ޷
ʱҲع˿˿ϲ˷ܣ˵û£Ŵʦûʲôϵ
ʢŷ֮ʱȻԤԤϵĳɾͱضͣȴûȻ˾֮ʣǰŵòᣬһϵĻҲ㷴Ӧ˹һҪùϵ
ο˵˵һŮǲѰĹϵֹϵǾǱġʹӸղŮֻΪ˹ŷһ䣬˷ŭɿǵĹϵһ㣡
뵽鲻ɫĿһ۹ŷ壬ֿһ۰վԵһۣг˲ζ顣
򱻽⡮ر𡯵񿴵һ㶣ͨϼС¹ײҲЩڸղԼĳ嶯ȷЩ̫ˣҲ͹ֲñ˻ỳɣȴûȥʲô£ԽԽͲ塣
ŷȴûһ㣬鵭Ȼ¶΢Ц˵ô˵µʼȷҶ𣬷򲻿ܻнһĻˡ˶٣˵ɣ¾ͽɣţԺҲ˭ٸ۸ˡ
ͽ⻰ɫһϲȻ֪ŷôǣȻô˵ˣһĽ취Ǿ仰ȴϲô˵˵Ҳûκ˸谭νҼ֮λˣ
˿ỳɹŷĻΪڿǾŽ׸ˣĸ֣ôܻ˵ٻ
Ǿ͹Ŵʦˣϵϲɫ޷ΣĵлȻ֪ŴʦȻȱʲôһǿŴʦܹЩҪҲаһ㣡
ŷҡͷһЦҲ֪ô˵ԼΰԺͲˣǾ͵˵ͷɣٸŪЩҶɣͦϲǲҶģ˳ġ
ŷϲľҩԡʱֻǸʱһܹõ⣬ܹõɣÿʱΪģɵ飬ľĳɳҲĪİԹŷŻƫ
ôЩȴһֱûѰ裬˵ϾûбõĲҶˣȴֻ裬ܹ뵽鵱ȥܣҲΪʲôҶȡ񡯵ԭˡ


115 
ҶЩͣҲ֪ŷʵˣ治ȱԼʲôҲ͵˵ͷϲĴӦȻԸ򱦸һȥ׼ȥˡ
ŷͽ˵˵ЦЦЩȴҲҳһȫˣ˹ŷǵ˵Цȴǰ붼ܹرǽȺߣͷˣмǿ־壬֪ǸȻֵǿֵ»δԼЩˣֻﰵܹסһȫ˿ʼưһӡ
˵Цһ󣬹ŷ建عͷ䣬һӺµĽˣεѹһ㣬ŵýһ飬ʱʹԴޱˤҲմͷģǱ
ƹǼղŻһĽʱģЦȴֲЦֻʹţǵͨ죬һһʵģһ֪Цöô࣬򱦸ߵˣͲô˼ˣλضǿɲˣ򱦸ҩʦǻʲôµģʱͳɤӹЦҲȻһԺУΪԼ򱦸Ժ
ЦģɾʯӺСˣʯСѾϾŮӣЦûôţֻЦŶҪЦˣһѱһģǻ
ʵҲȫЦˤǱģЦղżŷʱһľӸ˭ȴֻŷһ񣬾ų㣬˷ڵʱ繷ʺһ㣬ȷܿЦǲŻЦ˵Ŀˡ
ŷ㣬ҲЩ̿ԼֲɱбҪô
֪µĸͲǹŷ壬µǸһԲԣȻͷųɱеŮˣȻôľǣ޷԰εĳԽȥ˿ȴһ۵ĵûˣһŮħղһ˳ڿĲ£ֳµмܻȱ첲ǶȣضѪأ޵ĳŮħܸɵó𣿣
󣬴ңֻǰշԸģ⣬Ⲣҵ°ŷֻǵĶҲ˵ҲûκζԽˣеĿ־ԽǵĮ񣬷·һεѹͬһ޷ѹͷҪˣæڵϣɫֻŵĲĵ
ȥ߷ԸǸˣԴȽ˳̳֮λĻͲֱӹңһúýһġŷ˵һ֣ˣɡ
ǣǣллŴ˻һ˾⣬æĴһȺ˲ʧԭء
ߺ󣬹ŷü󣬱Žͽ˵ȥ£ȵȾ͹ȻתͷʯСѾ˵Ǿڽһɡ
ţʯСѾӦһԵο˵ȥģҲȥ
Ǿһɡŷ˵ͷһȥ
ɷЩƹ߼æһߣóһͨȫ߾ηĽĿУŷ˵ӰԶȥ
ȵߺûѹֵЩͷͷԶʱը˹һ㣬ȫӵе֮Ծͺñ֮ˮ಻ӿƽʱͦǵƹҲһĵЦݣڵһ֮ˣ
ޱȵİķ֮ԣٿЩĵЦݣжپޱȶģȴҲ֪ʱʹǲòԼޣ֮ԣﲢôǺǡǣһε¼󣬽ҲĳЩ̸ЦУЦƺǰӵĲãվĽȴܹоóЩЦг˷ܣȫȻûϣȴ¶οЦ
ϣŷͬɢ㻺ţŷĽ˶ͦΣݸ⣬εǷȻѩɴ棬һϮѩɴ񼡷ʣȴƮɣʹ˿֮ġ
ڴϣ϶һɳƣͷǰٷ֮һ򣬽ֱ߰޲Ŀж̾һɲŮò
ҪȥǸµ𣿡ΰڹŷߣϴ˿˿ϢѩЩȣҲЩڣ򶨣ûһŵ
ţҶ𣬲һ򱦸ҩʦæҵȻҪŷͷش
ʵиңʱʱǿף·ʱʱʱһ£۵ԵĴùŷ޲þôؿȥҲҺԷѰˣȻЩңô
Ǻǣ벻㻹ҩοһЦ˵һ㣬ȴƺʲô͵ضסҪ˵Ļͣ½ŲŤͷյĲɴµĺС΢΢ţһƬհס
ҩʦҩʦǣ˵
ŷһεı飬֪뵽ʲôεʼ磬ڵ˵ƷҩƵģԼŶѡ
δؿоͬ캧ˣһ⻰ʱ̲סˣָһĽ߸Ҫһ㣬ȵѽ
ŷЦֱߵ·˰ҲǱȻһŵһһ㶵ģæۻ輱˼һ˵Ск󣬻ͷͻȻεͨһƬɻʵôˣ
ҧ촽ҲĻС˼£ڴĴѶŤͷһ˵
ŷһ㶣ҲЩεĸЦ˼ȴȻðһͷûۺú
ɿ˼ŷ岻ЩЦĿűСԴղŻ˵ԼأڲŷӦƷҩģ˵
һ⻰Ҳ˲øղŵˣæعͷɴˮʵȻҩƵģǣǡ
ţƷȡŷͷ
塭Ʒȡ
治֪ݴ˿ԼˣôҲ뵽СƷҩƵģԭΪҪǸеҩʦ˵ҩƵģǣ˵ĸʵ
ţ׻жĵأԼһĶ̶̼Уʵʼʲô켶似ʲô֮ʲôƷҩʦЩóһǿ½أǣȴƫƫЩһҪ˵˳ȥ治֪ڻҰ½εȵˡ
ΪҪǣŶ󣿲Ż˲ʮɣʵǿŽףȻһƷҩʦѵǴ̥Ϳʼҩ𣿵̥ʼҲܰ

ֻ뵽˴жԹŷˡ


116 ɱ
ãβƽһϣԼ⼸֮Ժٱʲô𺳵ԼҲܹƽĽˣ룬ϻʲôӵ켶似֮Ʒҩʦ𺳵
ҩҩЧʲôȼģԻеʵ
˼ɡ
ζʱ͵һ˼һҲԣôܵƷҩʦ츳ضǹＶģҩЧҲȻͣ˼ѾǻҰ½ǿҩЧ˰ɣ
ʱκȻС֣Źŷһɡ
ŷһ㶣ʵʲô
ȻǵȼôߵҩʦҩЧǰ˼ģ㵱ȻҪһҩѽ˵ֽҩҲˣҿɲȥáκȻ˵
ŶУŷȻ˵ͷͿʼҩռҩ
ԼĲ࣬ҩࡣ
Ͽȵʱ򣬹ŷһ첻֪ҪٷҩʵߣǸһ·ǣڣƷȵİʮƳһһž㹻üСʱˣһŰҲ㹻Сʱģˣջŷ岻֪˶ٿŰˣһǧƿˡ
һƿֶжʮţ֪ǶôӴˡ
ԣŷԽԽ𾪣ԽԽУóƿƿרĶҺһƿ֮õ¶ҩȻʮƿ֮ʱƵҩʹഺפҺһʮƿΧӡ
ŷ忴˿޴ɰڵĵ棬ͣ˼ã̧ͷʵ
οǱصҩ̾һ촽˵һ·ϣСʱ͡Կԡʲôأԭôҩһ˿ײ⣬ʵ֪ЩҩļֵҪô
ŷ΢΢һЦ˵ʲôֵֵģҿҩҶأ㻹ҪĻܿھˣ
ĻѩɴµǶʱͻһĻߣЦǺðɣסĻԺûԴûҩˣҿɾӴ˵꣬ذС־һӣϸʳָϴŵһöƯָһâϵҩһƬһƬʧתۼ䣬;Ասֽ䵱С
߰ɣȥȥɣҩսֽ֮ξͿЦ˼գգ۾˵
ţ߰ɡŷ̧ͷ˿ɫѾˣҲͲٶӿ˽ŲѰʦ˵ıǡ
ιŷ׼ȥɱæɱæҲұȽ˳̳֮λˣ׻Ҳ϶ٰдѹңһҵҲɵĽˡ
Сʱ󣬹ŷһΪͨլſڣլϣһɫذףɱĶбˣΪϡ
ɱɱæξȵĿլ̵ĺɫذףɳԾʵ
ŷ˵ͷشţɷʦ
ʦȴ˵ɷͽܵİ
ǺǣǼǰɷʦġŷЦŽ͵
㵱ӣ治֪ˣˡһЦȷɷǻҰ½һеһԱʵ֮ǿκδģȻҲǿɷɱ½İɱ֯Ȼ̿ԶԶȲЩɱȴԵ̼԰ɱ䰵ɱֶβֻҪɱˣǾͻ뾡һа취ҪɱνΪѲһҲгԸǵԭ
ŷ壬ȴһǰδеĿţͺñǾʵɳ֮죬˶ĵƻԶԶֹˣһˣܱΪͽܣʵ֮ҵ顣
βŻдһ˵ǹŷɷʦأɷͽܸأǺ߰ɣ
ϾԹŷֿ֮ţĳɾͱضɷͣȷɷռ˴ˡ
أŷȥشĵ⣬ǰţһ㴫һͳʵǺţ
ɱơ
֨һɱơ֣ž˲򿪣һֺһη뼤ĿŹŷ壬΢ʵλǺƴˣ
šŷһͷȻһһöкɫذ׵İƴĺɫӾͳУһӣʱͼùڵأǾηˮӭƴ˴ݹ٣
ɫӣǼǰɷģʱɷ˵ɱһӣһɫֹŷҲûעֻ֪ƣǳɷԼѪ֮λߵġ
ɣҪԸһЩµġŷһ֣ʱһۺޱȵıֶǹڵصˮͲվȥˮΪԼһֶԽԽηı飬˵ھȥ۹Ľܲǣ˭۸ȽҳŮĻɱͻ᲻ϧһдۣҪĨǸˣǺΪ֮
ǣȻ񣡡ˮʱһȭ˵
šȥɣ͵ǽġŷĵ˵ͷһ֣һƷҩͳУݸ˵
⣬⣬ˮգΪЧˮңﻹȡ֮񣡡ˮæ֣ȥӹŷݹҩ
šŷȻȴһεѹˮ˵æֽӹҩҲʱ¶ϲı飬ʵ׶ѣƷҩİǾ޴ġ
ˮҩŷҲͲͣˣһˮĽĿУԶֱӰʧˮȲذǿʱһ㴫ҲϲЦտæǺðǣҩЧʧȻæתʰ׼ǰܲ
Ҫȥģѵ򱦸𣿡ţȻߵ·߲ԣŤͷɻʵ
ٻ򱦸ɣڻҪȥżһˣȥҵһͯѡŷҡҡͷش
żûйŵϵӰҲûԼ͵ҩͻƵ߰ɣŷź뵽
ûȿżңŷɫʱһ䣬üΪѿԼĸӦУȻûзֹŵϵӰ
Ǿֻԭˡ
һżҰųȥˡ
ǣѾˣ
ŷ񽥽䣬ϣǵһԭǵڶԭĻпԭһΪģǾֻ˵ѪȥԼһеһˡ
ôˣλǵһμŷ飬ɼæʵ
ŷҡҡͷû˵黹ˣҪŪ˵
ʱһ˵ϢҲ뵽ĸӦУҲû룬ͬ˲ư˹ȥҲæϣ뿴Ƿ˺飬ͻȻ䡣


117 ֮Ѫ֮꣡
ż˸ոմ򱦸һ˵ɫܲÿرǹžżҼɫѿޱȣҪˮˣԼԼޱȵĶӣһŵùһ飬ԴҶԡ
ߣΪͻ׾ͺ˲֪֪Ϊ㣬һʹżᣡžԽԽǾ仰Ǻģǰ¶ܵȻ֮ǽȻͬ档
Ҳֲ˷ŭΪղŲһ㺦żңΪոմӶϵĿ˽⵽ŷǰȻԼһۣǹ˸⣬һССȥ̽·ĻܿͲ򱦸ҩʦˣżҵļˣ
žҲ֪Ϊŷľ֮ŻڹżҴţڹżңڹżʮĸ飬ҲڹżΣѵʱԹۣضһѣǿߣһѵĻżܹ˳׵ĸıҲ˵ٲãҲƹǳΪһƹң
ɾΪԼӵһ⣬ùŷ֮׶Թżû˸飬ʧ޴󣿣
ԽԽ治ӣ޲һˣҪźã
˭ԭԭǣǴˡڴʱһżҳϺȻһҲǿˣʱͱޱȱ˵
žɻػͷȥͿһĻĶɤۣ֪ɷôˣ
󣬴ˣ֪кָ̣žɫ˲ͱȴһζżۣȴԼżҼϥʺá
ͷҲֻһŰˣ̬ܿ͵ãرһһĶŵڻˣַ֪ʲô£˱顣
ֻһ£ͬǹżҵ۵Ǹŵϣڵȥˣŷʵ
ŵϣž㶣治֪ԼżôһˣãתͷżˣԶӶԷпãȻҲ֪ôһˡ
ž׼˵֮󣬺ȻԼǷӲ԰׵գеľ˭óֹֽסĲֹо͵һоԼĿҪȥˣԼӡ
ҲֹžһˣҲ֮ͷ԰׵ݣжһֲõԤУɣܼҵĻ쵰治Ūżݰɣ
ŷҲע⵽˹飬תĿ⽥漴п˷Ŀ־壬֪ŵϣ˲ҡ
㣬ˣŷͬҪ˵飬ڳĹż֮ˣ޲ðɭɭ⣬⺮ƹǵ亹Ȼʪǵѣȴ˿δĿŲֹĹ棬λش
˶Ѿ׼׹ž죬ûвĶ
ңҡ󣬴ˣңң촽£ͻȻ͵һ¾͹ڵأͬղŵĽһ㲻ҪӵĲ磬鶼ųˣſǣ죬ǹżҵǸҩʦֹŵУһƿҩΪ͵͵ģͰ¸ңȻҾͣͰչżҼҹ棬ѣѣѡڹŷֱ£ĸ˿˵˳ڹŷԽĿУǾ仰ȴôҲ˵ˣżˣҲԴһѣΣ亹ͬ৵ðһ˸ڲãԼһɱ֮
ƿҩߵʱġһ֮ͬϴƮ˶ߣ˼žҲҵȴæȭ˵ˣǹżҲ֪ӾȻ񹲷֮£ڿʼͲҹżҵˣ˴ãֻϣĹżң
˵öԣԸԴһĿˣܱ˴ãҲ컯żҸ߲Ҳʱվ˳æ͹ƲϵֻյͷϾͺá
ˣүүڣĹ쵰һɣ״˿̾Ȼ˵Ļκȫ˼Ӳĵ棬˵ĿͷգۼͷѪͷľͷȴһعһ£ҲǺţȻڶ˳˿ﻹ˵棬ܱסһǱʲôҪ
㣬Һԩ԰Ϣŷ忴Ҳûȥ̬¶ĹһۣĿؿԶƺڻͯһĻĻ󿪿˵ΪҺѵԩ԰ϢǾֻܡ֮Ѫ֮꣡
һ£âһֻ¡һ죬ټѪɢɢղŻһˣھȻǻΪΣɢΧһء
ֻķǣܼ֮ԩŷ嵭ĿһĩѪ⣬вźһ㡣
벻ŵϾȻΪԼ͸ҩģ棬ԼжΣͬʯ֮𣬽֮һ㣬ԼֱӵĹϵԼԭʯҲͲ𣬽ҲᱻϵȣŵϣҲͲҩˡ
ˣֻбܽЩˣμң׻Լ󶼻һһȴǶγԹģڣԼȰѹŵ֮γԹȴ˵ɣ
ŵ֮żҵЩ߲ȷǲ֪飬ŷҲ˶ǣǸżҩʦƣȴǱ
ƺǲµ˹ŷ룬žɱڵĶһϷԸһȥѺƸץȻжżΨһһҩʦΪۣ˿ǹغ֮ʣﻹܵôֻܹࣿƽϢλɷŭźá
һһҩʦ۵ĺƾ׳ͬС㣬ץĲӾͼææ˹·ҪˣﻹƽʱĶԴһ뵽ƽʱƿԼʱֻ۽Ƴ̬еͲɼӴ˼֣۵ú۴Уһ·űضҪżҡ
󶼲мһЦżңУͻΪε룡Ѱɣ
Ȼһô϶£һâһһ죬һѪ꣬ƣλ߰һһƷҩʦӴ˳׵ˡ
ɱƣŷеĲɢһЩĿһ۶һЦĹżҼˣżκιΣ򱦸ȥ
ôˣﻹôһֱƽĿŹŷΪͯѱȻѪȣȴоԼһƬƽĿҲɶһЩζ
ѵϣӸղķŭоܿ룬ȵԼ˲⣬ˣǲҲΪԼһŭأ
Ǻǣû¡ŵΪŷһѣҲΪļ֮һȷùŷгķŭҲϾ̫̫ˣɱ˹ͺ֮Ҳƽ˺ֻܶ࣬˶ʱ飬Щˡ


118 й
û¾ͺã߰ɣزȥ˰ɣһЦɲǵķͬһĨ磬ɢ˹ŷеҲɵÿЦŵ߰ɣȥ򱦸󣡡
ߵ򱦸ʱ򱦸ΧŵȴѲӰſڣȴżԱվƺǵȴŹŷΡ
һŷεӰǼƯԱжһ˿ʣæӭ˵Ŵʦˣ¥ȴλϯ
ţ֪ˡŷ΢Цŵ˵ͷȻᳵ·Ĵ¥ݿڣ¥ȥ
ԴʯСѾһˣгȴѾһˣҰ½һҲʮ£죬ôȥҲͲȥɳˣɴֱӾȥɽμӲеˡ
ǣڶ峿컹ûŷξ˴ҲûʲôʰģʯСѾСͽʯӵ˲ףĿУӰʧ⳿֮С
ʯСѾʯӡС춼Ѿ򱦸ʯСѾΪʼߣһ·϶Źŷָ㣬ƹ֮ǰʵѾͻƵڣ򱦸г˽֮ʵǿģҲ׳ڶѣԵͱϲķΪ򱦸ӳףȻǶӳˡ
ʯӣһûʣûҩ츳Ǿ֮ȴĶ֮ܶ࿴ý鶼۾һ֮УԣʯһʾһЩ츳֮󣬾Ϊ򱦸󸱸ɼֶεĿء
СͲ˵ˣ򱦸ҩʦȻڲֻһһƷҩʦ֮ʱŷҲָ䣬ʱéٿ֮Уȷҩ츳ĳɾҲƲͣ
ɲҪС˹ŷһָ㣬Ҫ֪Ժпں˾ƷߵȴʦҩʦҩĵõģıĵãټϹŷЩ۵ľ飬ҩʦҰ½˿֮ȣϪҩϪ
ԣȻŷָֻСѣȴǾᣬֱҪ̺ݣ㹻õƷĵزˡ
ʮ󣬾ɳĻڣ͹ĻȻһâӰͬʱ˹Ļǰ
Ϊûʯ˵ۣŷ˵ٶȶǼ죬ֻʮѣʹ͵С
еôô٣ŷ忴ԶݳǵĻǣɻͷɻʵ
˵ǿǾɳĳУִյأӦǼģʹӷݳǱɿ
εط˸ˮİۣʱ룬˵ǲǻҰ½ϳģɳܺ͹ȵģ
ֻҪʵĽ׵ģܹǰȥɱԴˣɳһӼǧĽϵһͬǰû˭ᵥˣôߣô׾ۼģرЩټߣ뻹Ҫ໥֮εģ͸ӵˣ˾ԻҰ½ôӴ߻һҲôʮʮӣᳬʮӵɱǰɳɱԴްˣҲ˻ԭ
׼ŷ͵ʱһЦʹ˹ǿɵӣȻ֪֪Ȼǣ
˵ĻһôЦ𣬹ŷüתͷȥȴһŸסһ֪ȶһɫеĶΣ˸۾ͣɨģŷͷһɱҲǲƵɢ˳
μĿ⣬ֹסľһģҲɱ𣬶ʱֻоǰһһ˶޳Ӱ͵ǰϤϢ֪ȶȣﲻɻůֳ齣СҲͣȻ󾲾վһ΢ЦĿıӰ˿˿⣬֪Щʲô
֪ôģǰǰаĿⶢΣŷرˬоһȼյĻͷȼţҪǵĳ˫۹ĳ𲻱Ҫ鷳Ļ÷ϻˣֱӾһâɱȥˡ
һȷǲɱ˵ģǲˣһŭǶԷӣҲһɱ
һ㶣漴ȷԼû԰Ѫ϶ʱֳһѪ죬ĿĶŹŷ壬ֶűŷ嵲һЦ¶һ˿֮ɫ˵һûȻ˸˵ģرڣ㲻
Լɻ˿վԭأͨһŭȵŸʲôȥɱҪɱҰŪˣȻǸŮץסҪ棬úÿһŮ˵ϥ³лɧ
ŷʱŭЦЩжѹһŭ𣬶Զμҡ׻Թŵ֮ŭ𣬶ǰȴʱùͷرղŵһ仰ùŷЩѹƵŭ𳹵ױȼˣֻѪʬ壬̾ǰȥɳ·ˡ
վһ߲Ҫ֡ŷͷῴԼ˵һ͵ĳ˫ÿͳ˶Էʮˡ
죬ҪսйЩ۵ŭ𣬶ǰЩˣɾõйڣ־ֻ֣Ǹù֪ߵغˡ
ԷȻ»ҳսǸǲмһЦԼ߿Ŷʮ׸֣һ׸ֻ֣׳ڵʵѣǲ֪Ķ
һĻȴǳ˫ֻۣǸʾֻ׳ڵ꣬Լ߶ʮ׸ʱȴͬȺһ㣬һһͲڶеģԼߵһͷ­һ߾屻룬Ѫ֮ζʱ˹Լߵˣ׼֮ʣȴԶӦսһӳϲ¶һ˿Ц⣬˿ȥԼµǶӳ˹ȥ
ৣ
һһ֮󣬹ŷ忴ܵ˳߲֪˵Щʲô꣬ǲ΢΢һҪɱˣ
ôˣû°ɣλǵһμŷģвЩĵʵ
û¡Ȼɱ˶ʮˣŷȴһѪûմεĵʻ¶һЦش
ЩҲ֪ŷвһŻ𣬵ȴ֪ȥ⻰Ҳ͵˵ͷ˵ֻҪΪеŭ߻ħһֻ֪ɱ˵ɱħˡ
ǺˣȻڻɱˣǲǲǳ˫۹
ʱԶǶӳ߼˻ûŭȵֻǸһЦĸţ˫֣ģƺҪۿһϷ㡣


119 
Ҳûвѹ˼ŷɫָָһ׼Ϸ˵ңҲͲɱЩˡ
ߣҽƱ磡ү˵ɴûǹ㣬ģ˵һ䣬ȻֱɱˡӳȴͷҲûأмĿǸɵӣѵڵľ𣿺үӿǵģ뵽ٴȵɻкλ˵ԹԸҸ׾ܣҵǾͱˣ
ŷ岻һϲϻˣ֪ضʲôүǱߵģǲԼô˵ҲԼĴȻˣǻʲô˵ģ
ɱɡ
ȻˣǾ޻˵ˡҲʲôүţүģ죬˭ˣҲȲ㣡
㣡㣡Ҫˣǿ˫۹ĳҪҶֵĻǾ͵˫۹ǸɢɱɽѹӳҲǲĵ׷ڣɫĴȵ
Ҳ߶ѣŷ嶯֣Ҳ˫۹ͷ˵ԷҪɱ˵ĻҲûκΰ취
˵ˣҲһҪɱ˵꣬ŷҲǷϻˣֱӿʱͰһӳУоԼ˲䱻ѹƻڵʵЩ
ʲôʵһȻͿ԰ԼһȺ߸ѹƵڣѣѵǾŽ׸֣
򣡣
һԵθоŹŷʩŶ򣬲˲͡
ǰŷҲʩŹٴ򣬿ҪôûȫʩţҪôźԶ޷оʲôġҲ֪򼶱ԲԼͣôҲ뵽򣬾Ȼǡ
Ϊеĵ߼ĴڣһǾ⣬ʮǰ϶飡
δˣ㶵Ŀǰǽ˶޳ӰΪԼôΣٱסģɽʵǡ
ȷŷ˲ٴ̼Ҳǿ࣬˶񣬲ɿʼΪǰЩĬ
㣬㵽ǺˣǸҲУĸоԼȫѹڵʵŵɫɷףʵ
ɱˣ
һ䣬ֻһ죬һ׷룬һ죬һûӦĳʱΪ룬֮ǰѾȥĶʮߣһУʱүû˻ꡣ
֪Լߵˣ˵ʵ֮ǿԶҲû뵽˾ȻҶЩ֣Ҫ֪һ֣͵˫۹
ĵӣǾŽ׸֣Ҳ˷ɣ
ȴ֪ŷͲںʲô˫۹۹ģ˻һҪľңڣ𣬷ҪΪкã
죡ˣӳˣæȣ˿̵ǺڵҪҲǸүȻӺԼĲϡ
ɱŵĺүŵԼֻҪԼɱŪˣóһԴԼ꣬Ҳ˫۹ͷڣ˸ҶԼֵĻ᲻׵ľҪˣںȴѾˣĿһݣֻаɱˣһó֪Լ£ҲԲŹԼ
ͲҪȥˣսıѾǵעڳеĻҲӦˣ΢΢һ㵣Ȼ˸ԼǶ֣һӦǵǾǿϢʱɫһ䣬üΪҲ룬һʧ˳Уսĵص˹ȥ
ৣ
һףһǱѹƵڵףʲôֿͷȥһʮ˵ĳǸѾԶԶ㿪ĶӳԱŷնڸˡ
ʱǵѾȫ˹Щ߶һЩɱŵĳԱȻ˸ڻǶԳ֣㶣ɱŸ첲һֵģЩͲͬˣԼֵܾȻɱǸӳı£ѹŷ嵱˲ǻǣ˫۹޶֮ˣʱЩȻŭڰ˽ĩΪĳͳĴ£Ҳʣŷɱ˹
ŷĿųļǧųͷٴλʶԵɾͶ֣浱ԼҴɱ
ס֣ס֣ȻһըװһȼΪ˼ٸɢƣʱڳϷǶÿһͨЩɱڵĳһʱͣ˽Ų뾴ηĹ
ŷ嶨һΪȻΪȻһŽߣȻΪһ֮
֮Ҳ˵ǰȻԼжֵ꣬ԽǴоԽ𾪣ŽڵΪȻоԷʵΪղսʩųıԼҲԲΪȻһʵԼߣ
ԣҲ֮ûֵԭˣͰԼȨ˸ɱˡ
һ걳ǾվŵӰʱͫ׾ͲһжʱԼҺûж֣򣬾Լ˫۹ǵĳҲǱɣ
֪λֵܺιɱһǳȻＫɻŮΪλһվһ𣬻վ˵ıƺһжûȥʣҲʣǾ͵ʶһ㣬תͷŹŷʵ
ʵҲ˼˵˭ΪֲԼ͸ĵزȻȫ½˵Ľһ𣬿˹ϵƺҲܲһ㣬ô룬Ҳ벻һˣͺƾճֵһ㣬ء
˰ɡŷָָȺĺүǸӳ˵
ʵŷ仰һ˵ǶԻĲˣڻҰ½ϣһֱʵΪ𣬶ԼΪ͸ʵ˻Ҳûоʲôǰӵɲ⡣
ŷָԼ󣬻ɻͷȥһǸүʱʱʲôүǻǳĻ٣ֻҪƯһ㶼ֵģиǿϵͱЩܺŮԵ˻˸ʬˣ
ǸŮˣܲᶯģض˵һЩʲôĻŻŭǸӳҲ϶ǲϣ׾Ҫ֣ŻᱻɱԼ£뵽оͲһ˿ŭ⣬귢ɱС£ǸŮҲˣһ½Ҫϼ𣬿²һǾ޷ƽϢģ


120 δɱޣˣϣ
λֵϢŭҴҲܲµһ㣬ֵѾɱôˣǷܸһӣ¾ô˶أֻ¿ƽϢ˵ŭźãȴ֪һ仰˵ȴڳ߶һ
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֮⣬ǾֻһԭûˣǾǣŷǱѰݣȻɵݣһҲܹˡ
֪Ҳǿ಻ԣԼ͸˼ҵΪǾ˵ԷԼǿȻЩ˼ʵͰǰɲšܺŮվһ𣬾Ѿ˵һǲܹߵһġˣʵҲǲܽܡ
Լʵû˼ǿ֮⣬ԷȴԼҲϲϣԣ£ʹòڽͣҲһߵɵۡ
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ұ죡һֹͳĻγԷȷʵ̫ˣռҵ飬ԼССĻǵģռҪ׷˫۹ͰԼȥκνҿԣ
Ĵ۹ȻͬΪߴ󳬼ʵʵȴҪĴ۹ǿ˲֪٣˵ռңǿƣǿߵ˫۹һ࣡ײƴľʵ룬ǿ߶ûˣǻʲôսģ
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Ŀ⿴ŷʱ㶣ЩĿһۣ㱻ŭڸǣŭСӣ˵ҪɱҶӵģ
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ΪµĴУ˵εͷȴδԵ֮ȴ֪ݣ򣬾ٽӣҲҴ˹ġ
ŷ忴˿ǰʵﵽ˾ŽڵĿˣٿ˿Ľߣɹ˹ǣһŽڣһȺʵ಻˽׳ڵߣΣɱ
ң˵ˣҲŷ嵭Цͷǲɵζȴ˭ó
Ҫ¿ɣԼ״ôԱˣүʱͬ˼Ѫһ㣬ܵ׺ָŹŷЦĿ⣬ȴ̲סתΣеٴ˸ģ˶̲סһģЩɱŵĳԱҲЩģ룬ҪиôǿϵĹͷ¶Ѿˣ
ãܺãҲŭЦû뵽˾Ȼ˲ѵΪǿһ㣬޵𣿾ȻôĮԼԼĽߣ
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ɱҵˣȻţǱضҪɱģԻɵκʧҶˣңºһóһǧԴ׸ǵǽɱˣҪͬģһɱŵĳԱҲסʮֹ
ŶΪʨӴ󿪿ڵģȴ⵭һŶûˣúһ죬ȴûж룬ΪǳҲǸܲԲŲ˵ġ
뵽Ҳû˹˼ɣһЦͻȻ͵һ֣ȵɱţϣ˭ɱҽһԴ
ɱɱŵ˱ǸЩڵģ֮±·һһԴĽʱ۶ˣ߾٣һֱоͺҪһĳǸ꣬˵ͬʱһ壬ƻǼģʹЩΧֵļҲ̲ס˺üûԶȻǲŹⳡ߽߶սߵĺϷ
ȴܿ϶Ľ֣ǶԷǾŽĩΪľ֣޿ܹôǰΪ϶ҲҧģԣδǿǺģվﲻߣҪ뿴굽Ǻʵɱ˰ˡ
ŷ忴˿ЩֵļԼɱĽһۣһЦȻͷʵһΪû˵أ벻ǵ˻ͦģһ;ۼôˡ
ˮĿһЦƺûпЩɱһ㣬˵ñأǵô󣬵˻еѽȻǽôƳǼˣʵ治ҪҰæô
ãԱ߿źˣ죬Ѿǳ׵İҵŭȼˣɱˣôϨŷһЦЦһգ΢ĿȻĿЩˣرǿǸվںһЦĶεĺүһۣͬ޵Ԩһ㣬仹δɱޣȴҪˡˣǾʬɽѪ̾ǰȥɳ·ɣ


121 δɱޣˣ£
һһ죬ָչҫ£ҫŵ㺮ֱָգ漴ͬӿĺһ͵Ļڸ֮ϣգ۹ָ֮ϱѾضΪ֮ʧɫĻƺȻʹ֮ڳ֮޲ľսĿɿڴĺȻǸ꣬һʱ͵
ԭһŽߣ
ж˲ţôľŽߣǵǺεȵʣ
ʵǿĻȴ̣ŷһʼ۱Ǿܵˣıۻ̶ȣȻǶԸߣ
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ȫۼԼɱŵ˼һ֮˴ĻˣҪ֪ĺɱſǲ֪Ӫ˶˴˵ȹģģһ߽ԶŵùֵܣһˣǺɱҲ;ʹ˳ˡ
ڲźüҲǰȥһΪҲûԼܹĹ»
ںޣг˻ںޣղԼ̬ϸһȣмԶȥɱ˼ҵĻԼĺɱҲΣ˵ʲôˣֻеѪؿǾһ۳ΣȻ¡
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ŷ߾˫棬һһڱĳҫ֮⣬â֮ǿ֮ϵȥˣ޲â֮תԴ˫ۣ»ᱻâϹۡ
Ϣֻ˫ͬʱ£Ѿõıʱӿ۳ʮ׳ĸâͷ·Ұɫ߳ȥ
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ǣԸâٶȣʱ䣿رǻŷֻܽ׶ѣգ۹ûУ͸âǳȺУɲǼ䣬ĿâһղŻֻҵȺʱȻֹϢ
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һؽضϱ۲֫һŸγ࣬һƬƬʺѪҺУһ˱Ƕ֣Ƕ˽ţֱϣߡΪƬ
һ΢紵ŨŨѪ֮ʱ˶˹ЩģԭŻʱǣȴҲûκοֵ˼ȫĿ־忴Ǹ˲ҾȴȻһȻ꣬жһʣħ
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Ҳ̲סԴȻҲЩܲʬҰѪɺӵĳ档
ȴûΪŷдΪҪȥҪʯһĳ˵˵Ұ½ЩŽ׸֣һ֮ˣһɱǧħһˣŷɱ˱ֻǱɽһǶѡ
һŭŭ쳹ƬʣֻһŭŤն󵶣һͷҰްŷɱģ޲Ҫźá
βŭܲŭɱſѪ벻ȴһ˲ͻһͷڵѪŭѾɥʧǣȥԼʵ粻ֻѪ˸˺顣
ҪСĵ㣬ʵЩĵĿ˿һ˷ܵĹŷ壬ۻСȵĴֵ
ŷ屻ỬϸСһЦЦ˵û£ǾŽĩڣ˿˵ң
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ʵΪߣʹӵ켶似ֻЩ˲ӵ켶似ӵеؼߵѾǶˣ켶似
ӸղŹŷʩųһ츫â֮αѾ֪ŷ徹Ȼӵ켶似ȻССһѣѾȫľˣŷĻҲûбֳκβ˵ͷٶ˵ʲôվһԣ׼ս
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ڹŷ廹ûͻƱԴٵһ֮ǰѾɱ˺üͷŽԴˣȻ£ʱʵԻɱڣȻ˵һľͻƣʮҩĸ£ѾֻһܹͻƵ˽ˣҲ뿴ԼڵʵڲµܲսʤŽڣ

ŷḫǰӦսһ˿ѪѪ죬ն󵶾ȫ£žŽڵۻ뱾һͿ˹ŷĶͷ
ҲûʩųΪ֪ԼǰͲȻ֪ԷΪʲôҲȴú⣬ֻΪǹŷʢʵȷһȣЩˣ򶼲ˡ
ǣսȴԼشף
Ϊ˼ҸͲҪͿԼսһˣǰԵƥĸǹһۻ֮УԽԽǺȻĹ似似Ȼ켶ģ
⻹ô򣿣⻹ȥ𣿣
˼ֻʱԼһ㣬ȴһ㶼Լûʩųһʩ˳¡Լʮжס
뵽ΪŭɥʧǵͷԶʱΪ֮һ壬ų˲亹һ뵽ʣ似ˣ죬ͲһԼɱΣǵñɱˣ
˰ˣɱ˾ˣֻҪԼţؽһҲʲô⣬ڣǱҪ


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Ѿ⣬սҲôƴˣսһ˵£ŷͲԼӲƴüͷ˸Ŀ⣬֪Ѿܵ뷨
ӣŷһȻһЦǸӣ˭ҲӲˣ
ٲ˫ԵĹͬˮɱʱʧɫæӵмܣȴֵסŷĸ似켶ߵȵģһ˫ͣת˲䣬Ѿ˼ǳ˿ڡ
˿ڵʹúʱԴһ㾡ȫһֱնŷ壬û£ŷҲӲӾŽڵȫһֻε㣬ȴø˺֮֮һӳ֮󣬼˼ȻתܣһҲˮ
Щս߼һĺɱųȻ˼¾ܣ㶣󶼲ɱЦǱܵӰоǼġ
ȴ˵ǸĲЩ޲Գ羴Ŀ⿴Ǹ꣬Ȼͬħ£ɷϵǣΪҪӣ
ЩŮߣиð㿴Ǹһֱվڹŷ棬ȴȻȫĿĽŮӣоͲһʧ䣬ҲֻŮӣɫ˰ɣ
ܣ죬ʹӴɣŷܣɴһζ籩һ׷ȥҪ׷֮ʣȴһתһȫһŷ֮£ֻͣΣȴٴԼ˾롣
˵ʵһֱȥĻǾͲ֪Ҫ׷ʲôطȥˣΪ˫ıޱȣҲһֱ׷һһҹܹĸɱֻɱˡ
˲󿪣ѹصѹһӾͲһٶһԼѹƵ˽׵ʵʱŵɫŲҲͣΪôҲûˡ
ôҲû뵽ǣȻǵ򣡹ֲ˵ˣҲɱԭĵ
򡭡һ̾κζ־еնҲƹҡһ˵ϣĬĬؿһԼ֪꣬Լˡ
֪ҽˡܲܿŹҵĶӣ֮ǰйȻѾɱôˣӦҲ㹻˰ɣ·һ˲Ͳһ㣬ͦεһӾȥŹŷϿҵĵ
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ְ֣̿˵ˣղҵһӳҲðܹˡ
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ˣŷҪʵȶҲڻʢһְ죬˵һ֮һ֮ŷԼҪһʱĶڻİ£ȴ˲һСʱʱ䣬ùŷһ⡣
˻֮󣬹ŷٴ·ˣҺһ·Ҳûʲô鵢ˣҶѣѾ˴ɳıԵش
һƬһ޼ʡݲɳĮǸ߸¡ɳʱ޿̶ڹŵȷ磬Ųɳ˸ϣһŷǲһɳ
ԼͷģԱߵȴһȾŷ岻ЩʵףôûմȾɳ
գգ۾ȻڴһЦЦ·ˮ˿ɵģˮ˿յã㲻֪ɣ
ŷʱȻ˵Ϊʲôһ·ԼһȴǸɸɾģԭôһ£ҡͷЦҲ֪ҽ컹ǵһ˵ˮ˿ġ
εķ˸ÿİۣ˵֪Ѿ̹ˣҲһء
Ȱ½гɣȻһ·ɱȥŷ廰˵꣬һӴǰ
ڣЩԴﻹҽӽѽһϢܵӰˣǻɱʲôѽο˿üɻʵ
ŷһЦһϣҲشĻ˵֪ˣ㲻һֱ뿴ôôܹˣ
βĿ˹ŷһۣһ˵ܿˣϾͲһϲҲ׷ˣСһӣܾͳˣٿҲôˣϾ֪࣬ṥȻҲͲôηˡ
ɳΣգֻԴȺǶӵյĻǴɳΪյ֮׵Ҫԭ
ʼΧʱ򻹲ôоõһһ㣬ŷǶɳΣһ˽⡣
ղΧķɳʲôΪŸոսһ㣬ǾѾ˲εɳȻɳ˵΢ḧЩµģȴجΡ
ֲ߶ٶΪԭɳͿ˺κһĽˣŷһӣ˵ı־ɢȥǸղɳ֮ʱʩųֵģȻֻųֵЩɳӽǶ۵İˣվɳ񴵣Ҳ첻κв
ʵ߽׵˵ɳѾʲôˣΪƾǵԼɳ޷˺ǣֻˮԴԴȺܹвǵĴڡ
ˮԴŷ嵱Ȼǲᵣĵģҩռеˮ㹻ʮˡԴȺרԴȺĥԼģ˵Щڹŷ˵⣬ֻԴɱˡ
ˣǰһȺƽʵΪףʵΪ߽׵ԴȺһǧֻӣҪҪȥϹûһᣬͷǰһȺԴȺѯʵ
ţ˵㣬ʤްɣȥϹɡŷ˵ͷıͬһһ㣬ȺԴޡ


123 ϣ
ȥģμŷȻıȻǰȥһɻʵ
Ǻǣ֪ˣŷ΢Ц˵
βɱ˱С죬ȴҲû˵ʲôҲܵı뿴ʲôá
ֻһСᣬƺ͸Ӧʲôһ뵽ղͻȻܿ˲ʲôæʵȥԴȺȥģ
ŷͷشϿȵʱ򣬶ԴȻɱġ
ζʱȻص˵ףЦ˵ôôأԭ˶٣ּ˵ɳڣְ취ûʲôðɣԴֱȥɱѽ
û˵ðŷһЦβʼı飬ҲٵЦ͵İɣڣ԰Դ޹ҲЩԴսʱ򣬷ֹԴ޹ңҲ֪ɳڣȺȺԴһ𹥻ҲûУһȺԴսʱȴһȺԴޣѰ·
Ȼͷԭȷڴɳڣżӣ˵һȺһȺԴɱѷѽ⣬ȴʱһȺԴޣ˵Ⱥ϶ˡڴɳ޷ģ⣬ҲǴɳѴԭ֮һ
Ͳͬˡսʱ䵱һһȺԴ޽ӽսȦǰȥǸܣͿȫּȺԴһͬվˣⷽȷǲ
뵽һ⣬ʵЩϹԴηʵ»ô죿ǲ޷γĥµЧô
ŷҡҡͷ͵ЩԴ޵ȷܻƶʵ»ɱǼͷԴ޿ǵɲ֪ͣǱҪսֻбǵ׸ˣܼǵԣܴﵽĥµЧ
󣬾϶ʱų¶Ϊ֮ʧɫЦ⣬ɳժɴԼչ˹ŷǰùŷһĻҡ
ðɣҳ治һ㹻ƴֲܹ֮أ
ŷȴЦЦƴٺ٣Ҽǵǰͺ˵㿴ҵ֮پʱͻ֪ƴġ
ߣ㶼ܣΪʲôܣʲô취Ҷһε͵ˮĴ۾ǲĺߵ
ŷͲ˵ˣһУԼƴ˵ɣ
ʱȺԴѾˣȻһǧֻȴֻһЩʵµԴޣܱûкãкһ˫ӭԴȺ
ҲʾԼӰҲԴȺУһһʼոȺԴ޵
ǿ߽׵ԴȺֻܸŷİˣʮӣһǧͷԴ޾ͺȫ
ûȥǱصԴʬ壬ٴ·ȥ
ҲΪûԭɣûʲôԴȺ塢ǻѣʼûͻǧɱҲûʲôã͵Ǵĵʱˡ
ԽԽӣХŵĿɳʹùŷ岻ò赲Щɳ۱ǡյĽƻÿһˮ֣ÿʮӾҪȼˮֹˮȱʧ
ѩĲһˮС죬ŹŷǺĿϸɳ̺С˵ΪʲôԽ룬ɳԽأԭÿʱÿ̶ɳ
ȷˣ˵Ƕӵ㾳أҲյ֮ˣŷһЦҲóˮҺ˼ˮɤӣ˵㻹ǾϰһĻɣԺɻҪüģԽߣĻԽ⣬⻷ʮֹ
κγֲ֪أֻǸЩӦɧˣһԼǴûжκ˷ɧأԼүү͸ĸûйԼԼôɧأ
Ȼŷ͵ͣ˽Ųһ˿˷֮ɫתͷ˵ҾҵģͲҪˣһԿŰɣ
ε˵ͷӲһЩҲ뿴˵Ǻȴ룬ܶôΣնô࣬Ȼ㶼ģһԣ
໣أ
Ҳ޷ڸһԴ޵캿Уһͬıƣγƴ˴α϶Դޣвһͷ֮࣡
һӦȺԴ޵ʵʱҲֹסЩȺһͷԴȺǵƽʵȻ߽ףһϰͷ˽׵ģŽ׵ĸʮͷ֮࣡
˿ŷͦɵıӰĲ¶˿˿˷ܣЩ˽һֱԼ˵Ļˣԭģ
Ȼ˵ȺԴǿҲֻǾŽ׳ڣҲ̫ӴѽʮͷŽ׳ڣϰͷ˽ףͷ߽ף⣬¾ǾŽĩڸˣҲֲʲôðɣ
Ȼĵ򣬶ʱЩȻˣõȥѹȺԴ޵ʵĻҲǴӮģ
أ
Դ뱼ڶɳʯƣתۼ䣬Ѿ뵽˹ŷߵС
ŷ建˫ȻͷһЦ˵Ŷ֡
ţ㣬ԼСĵ㣡һףȻ˵ŷ忪ɱĻпܴӮģԴ޵Ҳ̫ˣһǸ߽ԴޣһҲͻشǾؾͺΣˣԼȥȣҲǾȲˡ
İɣһСĵģŷ΢΢һЦȻһת˫磬ȺڵԴȺ
ŹŷӰȺԴԽԽĵ׾ͲԽԽģôˣôѽ
ȻǣֱԴȺУûʩųȫսʽǳˮԴȺɱţûʩų뷨ƺЩʲôǲţܵģԲܵģû˻ȫķʽģ϶ɱһʩսԣһ
ʱķչԴʬԽԽ࣬γһСɽˣҲʼһЩ˺ۣԽԽֻ࣬ǿһۣܹ֪Щ˺۾ڰٵȻûʲôƣȴѪ죬Ϊֲ
ǣֱ˿̣ȴûʩų
ҪʲôҪôνıҧŽ޺촽ԽԽ˿ڣɽеζǰȥȻҪıȻ뵽ղŵ־ֲɻɿˣȻȻôҪˣȴԽԽģиʲôʧһ˫ҲضӰֻҪһʲôͻ״ͻٶȳǰȥȻ


124 £
һֻһֻԴ޲ʵصѪУŷԴʬԽԽ࣬ٿЩŵģһȴǲǧ
ЩŵԴ޵ȼȴԽԽߣЩ߽׳ڵѾòˣʣµģһЩ߽ĩϵģɱҲѡ
ŷ㱾оŽ֮ޣƴɱôãҲ̲סһڵıҲֻʣһ벻ˣıָٶԶˣҲ֧ȥ
Ѿܲ˿ڣκһõĵطѾ֪ٻˣϿڣˣѾϰˡ
ϰˣȴδģСС˿Ѫ鲼ȫֲ嵽Դ޵ѪҺѪھһѪһͷͷЬЬףһմʺѪһë
սˣѾ֪ٴȥˣȴӲסˣȴ֪ģҲܺԼ˵Ǿ仰˼㿴ҵپҵķɣ
ԼĿ԰Ҫķôʵһ뵽Լڵ״ֲɺݺһҧݣԣҲһԣ
ʱţе˫ûһ˿ɫȫȻѪҺմȾѪѪģÿһ£ÿһ㣬Ҫ̲סһڱľ޴󣬶ǰԴޣҲֻʣ¶ʮͷ˽׵ͷŽ׳ڵġ
һαһͷŽԴ޸ӵٴΪĿĵһµ˿ڣŷҧҧһŭȣһȥͷԴ޶ʱ׷롣
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ҪԼɱļ٣ǾһĻ֮ʱҲ˲ˣһ֮ȻʱĶҲ˹ŷ仰
ζʱֹס˽ŲĿһۣղſû˵ôȴͬԼһ㣿
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ԣҵôڻûаⷽ뷨ŷһЦʵȷУ
ζĿŹŷ˫ۣһᶨ˵ôΣգôҶҪ
ŷ㶣˵ͷ˵
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ŷ塣ŷϵһЩȽϴ˿ͿĨһЩҩ֮κȻ˸ղһĻɺ
Ǻǣ֪ҪʲôһȽ켶似ˣԼȥɡŷһģ֪Ҫʲôˣⶫ͵ĻҲֱܷӰǱħ֮˳ݵ˵
ؽӹŷġħ֮лڻصղŵǾ䡮켶似뵽ô켶似жٱ켶似νģôоĻ࣡
ˣ￴ɣȥݸҩԡŷ˵꣬߿˼Ȼһһͳˣ˽ȥóľͰھǣ£ҩռˮͬٲ㼸¾װľͰȻֱӵ˼ƿҩҺȥóһݺõĲ裬ʼһߺȲһҩԡ
ҩռȷǾƷߵȴʦҩʦùģʳȶΪʱ˶ʣһֵܹŽȥʲôģóʲôŷݵһ㣬Ѿ˺üˣȴͬոݺõһΪ档
ŷ˽⣬εֽͲãǸֽԼ˻ܽȥֻܷ֮ƷԼҩռ䣬ԼܽȥأֻΣյʱô޷ȥˡ


125 ͻư˽ף
͸ɫıʹ۵Ŀ磬ǶѻɽԴʬ뱻ѪˮȾͨɳʯ
ͻȻƮڿеıȻֻͬǣһ㣬·һڹŷ֮ϣרĿšħ֮ζʱѣϲ̧ͷߣȻе鱾һֻžľ׼ģȻ˸ղŹŷ˵ĻСֹ֣סϵϲʵ㣬ͻˣ
ԣͻˣŷͬžϲﴫȵһ£ȴ·
Сʱͺ˺죬һҲĻת뿪ˡ
Ʒҩİټϸղͻʱԭ򣬹ŷϵ˺ȴѾӰóһ·ã˳һ۾Ϳ׼Σ΢΢һЦŲ
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ŷߵһƨ£ʱһſŵҲæ˹ÿԶʱǶΪ
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˵ʵε֪ʶ֮ԨӹɵģʲôʲôƷ·ܹ˵һ͹ŷǵ֪ʶܾıɽһǶȲϣĻŷ嵱ײɳӵĳ嶯Ǿ֮ܣʲôǾ׵ˣ
ŷ岻˵δ۾գգ֪Щʲôˣʱ̲סڴЦڹŷ֪ʶ֮ϡģЩСӶ֪ĶʶÿζҪһЩȥͣҲ֪Ϊǰǹż۵ԭĸۻ˼ȥһЩǸ漰Ķʲôģ
ڵĴжԶŷ̧ͷʵ
ħ֮һþȥ似ǿ;Ŵľ룬ŷڣĴʹﵽٶ֮ԶΪֲ
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ʮܲˡŷ˵ͷԼĻҪϲ٣ʮȷǲľˡ
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ŷһ㶣㷴Ӧ˹֪˵Լ쳣켶似ɰ˰ֵˣҪ˵ллˣԶɣ˶׼ȥԴˡ
ţȻһЦĲ˵ˣѾõʳʼССڵĳ
ҲûǸǿԴȺˣǶ֪ΪǿȵԴȺ̫٣ǻû룬ûԭ
һȺƽȼֻ׵ֻԴȺˣ׼ǰ֮ʱȻڹŷĵ𣺡ˣǰһȺƽʵΪ߽ףǿ˽ĩڵԴȺǧͷӣҪҪϹ
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θһǰŷó˾Υ޼ṭ˲ӿ򹭼֮ڣʹýԵ޼ṭʱɢ⣬൱Ŀ
й֣һǴʱ״̬ͻƵİ˽Ϊŷţ˾ŽϵĹκεȼĹܹڵһʱΣ
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似ŷҲ㶪ԺʱĻҲһ಻ѹһ켶似͵Ƕһֹ뱣ֶΡ
ٿǱߣֻƮɵ˻ûȫӽȺԴޣһ׽âʩ˳ȥʱ͵һƬһƬԴ޶ǧԴ˵ëëֻ꣬һ˲ΧֻԴޣĹ糱ˮӿȥùŷ嶼ΪһѺ
ж˹ŷĵһš֮ŮЩ⻷ȷǿѣҲûʲôֻ˼£Ⱥ赸һһֻһֻԴ޵£תۼ䣬Ѿȥͷ
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Ҫ֪οǴСͱ̵ָս似ʽ֮͸ǲö˵ˣŷأ˵Ǳ̵ֽˣһһ߶û˭̵ʲôߵزҩ︨֮⣬ȫЩġ
λԡѪ˿ܲһҲѲ漣ٶߵزżȻˣ似ʽҲûǰ͸Ϊռֱľ裬ǹŷôҲ޷ġ
ǻ˵ʵȵľۺʵֻж似Ͷսľ飬ۺʵĻŷļ켶似ȾŽڵıϵټʵ𽥻ָʵ¾ʮŽҲʲô


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ֻжܹսоͻƣǺŲĵ
Ϊսбں𣬸޷ﵽͨͻƵͲһˣһּΪµ⾳κβܶԳΪܣŷ֮ǴΣֱ˺üأοֱֻͿҪͻƵͻƣ
ζˣŷ嵱ȻҲΪˣ̧ͷһػǻֵ֮֮͡м򣬾ȻǼһĵ֮
Ȼ֮˲٣ȴҲǼ𼫸ߵһζˣζ֮εʵ׻Ƕ٣һжδ֪
ŷҿ϶ǣʵԲֹڰ˽׳ڣ
Ȼͬǰ㣬εʵһ·ǣֱԽ˰˽׳ͣ˰˽ڣһ൱طԾˡ
ȻѾȫָʵǵ˰˽ڣʣļͷԴ޵Ȼκεˣ৾Ǽʮȥ׽ⳡս
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ԣǻζջôɣĵֻһأЦ绨ͷɼʱе˷ܡ
̫ˣ벻Ϊ߽ĩһ¾˰˽ڣԭ켶ȻҲ˻룬ڵʵʮͷŽ׳Դ޶ûһ˰ɣŷĴָ޵
һײ㡣
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ŷ循㵵ͷôҲû뵽Ȼͻƣ֮ҲңҺԼΪǴ֮͡츫ķ⾳ԭ߽֮ǰżȻ򣬵ʱӦûֻǵؼ켶ԼͻƵ߽ʱһȻںϲųɾĵ򡣷ĻԼڵ켶͵ոˣ
㣬ҶӶˣõôջ˰ɣŷҲȥЩˣѲԼڵǵˣ
εĿһۣȴҲԹԵȥ׼ˣ죬ʵ̫ˣңǹŷޱĸԼһԼԴ޹ĻԼҲܻǵ֮ˣȥ˵ллˣΪְһллܹģ
ŷ壬ܸܲһ£οŷһӣһֻϴԴͳˣҲ̲סеĺ棬ʵ
˵ɣʲô¡ŷż弶ǹһԴһߵ
⼸弶ǹǹŷרԴģΪЩԴӴһľܳܵס͸ɴȥ⼸弶ǹרſԴ⣬һٶҲε˺üۣСвֹͣԴ⾹Ȼ弶һѵѽ
ܸܲ㵽мֽ䣿ˣΪŷֽ䵱ӦоУǾͲ˵ˣòˣֽ䵱оȻϴˮƺôҲȡľˮεζޱȵĴɳڣȻϴˮЩֽ䶼ûУƷҪұŵԿ


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һҵĺĲһҵӦǡֿռɡҩҩռǹŷصܣһǲ˵ȥġ
ΪĶ̫ģ޾ҩģӴĿռ䣬һ½Ϊ֮ⶫһñ֪Ҳضָʬ
ԣԼǿܵеĵزܾ˵
ֿռ䣿񣬲ֿ֪ռһʲôʵֿռʲôǺֽһĶ𣿡
ţɡŷͷ˵ֿռҲֽֻֿ࣬ռĿռҪֽʮȻôܻľϴˮȥ
ԭˣһΪʮֽأԭһֽôֿռ䣡λȻͷŷϵĹѾˣǱħ֮˵ô似֮ǰ˵ˣû˵ֳһʲôֿռ䣬ҲͲǲܽܵˡ
ֽʮǳԾһȴ֪⻹ǹŷֻ˵ôģҩռǸôһǧ
ŷ壬ǸνͰ͵𣬹ŷɻתͷȥȴһĺΣӳ£Խһ󷢴
ŷ壬ȣȻֿռǣôǿɲҲεʹףϺĶҪѪˣһ˫СҲһ𣬿ɼʱеĽš
ŷһģʱ˹ԼҪϴˮأŮϲྻεȻ⣬Ȼ˵ȫȻɸɾ۷۵ģ϶ضҪúϴһܰġ
ҩռ䣬ŶҸֿռȡҩռˮǣϴɣŷһЦȷ˵һˮ㹻ڴɳЩϴõˣжģ˸ͲҪˮԴ⡣
ģһȻϴû⣬Ҳ˲ϺˣˮĴ۾һץסŷֱۼæʵ
Ҳƭ㡣
ѽ̫ˣŷ壬ھϴءζʱŴ۾Ц˵ǸϴʱȻӦһˣǸءֻ֪ôģ͸͸ģΡ
УϴϴϴŷҲԵòˣµϴԼҲϴһ죬Ҳôȥˡ
㣬˵ֻһľͰôξһ£˲͵ɴ˫ʵ
ŷһЦϴͰѵмģֻе˵ͷ
ξЩԥˣֻһͰǲ˵ԼҪһ⣬Ҳ̫ɶ˰ɡ
ǲϴɣָоԥ˰죬ûסϴջͨһõ͵ֻԼõǣǺðɣͣϴɡ
ҺùŷǳĻһЦҲ˵ʲôˣһӣһɾľͰͳˣȻһ֣ռˮھǣͬٲľͰУգ۾װˡ
ɾ峺һͰˮ۾һȹŷԶһС֣ͳˣȻȲذľͰƵУһˮ
ڴɳĥµʱúܿ죬תۼ䣬¾ת˲š
ΪѾ˴ɳԴȺҲǰɱȵģκһȺԴ޵ƽȼ߽ף߶оŽף죬ǻһȺƽȼΪ˽ףǿΪŽĩڵԴȺ
ȺԴȺǵĿǰɱΪǿԴȺǹŷҲ޷սʤһϣֱһգɱȺԴȺ
úôҲǾ޴ģرǹŷ壬ֱִӰ˽׳ڽ׵˰˼ڣֽٶȣò˵һ漣ˡ
ô⼸ĽܴɣŷϣЦеĶʵ
ϲĵ˵ףЦŵȻѽڵΪÿ춼ǰ޷ٶţ룬ٹµʱ䣬Ҷܵ˽ĩأȻһЦⷽȷǼãûİæҲûа취ġ
ȷϣ֮֮⣬ûͷԴܰԴ޵ģȷǹŷܹɳô
治֪ɳжǶˣȻһƬããɳԽԽͣضΣһ߽߶Ҫ˲˺ѡŷ̧ͷų޾ĺХ磬ͬѾڻһ㣬·ֹ
ţҲΪȻصͷ˵ĳ˵ɳûб˭أͲ֪ﵽжж㡣ֻ˵һȺȺŽԴɵԴȺﻹ˹ѽ
ŷ󾪣ʵȻоŽԴɵԴȺ
Ҳ֪ò̫Ϊ־ŽԴȺߣѾˡҲЩȷ˵
ȻҲֻ峤˵ģҲûΪĶˣŷȴòˣȻִԣǱضǿѨ磬϶ʵڵġ
ǣŽԴȺŷĵҲҡôֲԴȺǿ϶ȥ˵ģΪλãӦѾǼˣߣŷ岻ȷ᲻ǿȵԴȺ
ȫΪŽ׵ԴȺƽʵֻоŽ׳ڣǿֻоŽڻĩڵĻټ£пһսҲ˵ԴȺǿĲֻоŽĩڣΪܹǿԴȺͷԴޣʵضǾŽ۷壬Ž۷壬ȴڵԼԿġ
ŽһΪڡĩڣŽ۷壬˵޽ӽʮףȴûв򵽵һλûв͸٣޽ӽʮ׵ʵǶսʮŽĩҲʤУƶд˵ʵ֮⣬Ĵ۹ĵ۾ʵû½֮ǰҲٽŽ۷ѣȴǾŽ۷塣
ɴ˱ɼãһ˵ʵԴȺǹŷƴȫҲܹסΪǿΪҲֻа˽ڶѣ޽ӽʮ׵Դ޶սʼΪ㣬ˣƬ̺󣬻Ǿˣ룬Ǿ治ĥˣ
벻澹ȻǿԴȺȻ֪ȷǷôǿԴȺвޣھֹֻڴˣǾֻ·һˡƬ̣ŷջ̾һתͷ˵
ţġһɱԴȺʵҲ㹻ĥµˡҲͬ
ˣǰһȺԴȺŷո׼˵Դ⻹һμʧ̬һݣæʵʲôȼԴޣ
һȺƽΪŽ׳ڵԴȺֻаʮͷͷһͷŽĩڣ
ŷвɰһоһ˿˷ܣֻҪûоŽ۷ľͺãʮͷڵģȴǼĥ£ܷŹ


128 ڲ
ǰһȺŽ׳ԴޣǿľŽĩڣʮͷս׼ŷı˫תͷ˵
һŷıξ֪ԴȺˣóԼս׼һľȻǾŽԴȺ̲סһҲֹסӿҲû̫ʧ̬ΪɱӮҲǿɱǵġ
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ȺԴȻֻаʮͷƲ񶯲ͳǧͷԴô󣬲ɢƣȴ֮ǰԴȺôҲȲ˵ģʮͷŽԴޡȫȵһ۹Žߵˣ
ɱŷĿȻ䣬һת˲ʧԭأҲѩСѥ̤棬磬ηĳȺԴޡ
ŷһҪɱȻͷŽĩԴޣȻ˰˽ڵΪʵԽ󣬲Խڲ£սͷŽĩڣҲ
磡һܿͷԴ޵һצбۻ뱾ʱӳͷԴҲױ˻һһֻצӾͻŷһײһ𣬹ŷϾֻڰ˽ڣôҲȲŽĩڵԴ޵ģú˺üվΡ
ŷסĵҲ֪ƴԼǾԳԿģֻսʤˣ
ȻһͷŽԴҲıˣֻܷŭצһӹŷµĲӰȴôҲ˲ΪŭȴκٶȲ磬ֻһȥֵŷһһԵ׵Ĺơ
ٿǱߣŽ׳ڵԴޣȻûп򣬲ôҲǰ˽ڵˣ˫似ԼĶս飬ԸŽ׳ڻûʲôģ򣬾˺üͷŽ׳Դޡ
ˣãһȺŽԴȺȺԴȺͷǾŽ۷壡ڹŷͷŽĩԴս֮ʱȴĵĴ𣬶ĻȴʱùŷʧɫһȺŽԴȺͷ컹ǾŽ۷ģ
Ƭԥŷ嵱ϣĵ׺æʩų˲ͰͷԴ޵ʵѹƵ˾Ž׳ڣһʹóħ֮ΣʹȫұߣһȺŽԴޣ죡
ֱӿںЩŽԴ޵ǻۿɲͰ㣬ֻҪԼ˵ⷬǱضƴҪסԼˣɾͲֹˡ
Ҳ֪ȻϾǽȴҲ˿ңʱʩŶ촽һġ٣ֳڣ콣âϼɱȺȻѹƶ֪ļͷԴޣֱһаǰͷȫնɱ󣬲˿ɣȫͳҷȥ
γɹѣŷľ΢һ㣬ʱҲæˣƺӴȻûоԻָʵŷվСһֻһѹĻХǹҿ磬סŷ·ĲԴޱŵöʱɢŷҲ˻ᳯͷŽĩһתͳǸȥ
ͱθ֪ͨˣҲûȥܿˣҲھ˹ŷͬҷȥգۼȺԴȺԶԶ׿
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˸ո˻ûһᣬսڱ㱼ϮֻŽԴޣԼȻܣ֮ǰһСȺԴһŷ׷˹ȥƣ֮
ڴɳڣСԴһ㶼᳼ڱԼǿԴޣ֮ǰȺԴһȺԴ޺ѡ˳൱ɴ䣬ǵı
˺߽ߵ޾ɳУĵӰԼٶȱţرǸӦ˱׷ԴȺǵٶԽԽ죬˹ŷ⣬ܵٶȸͱȲͷԴޣ֮ľԽԽŷ忴ҲǰԽѡ
Уȥαض·һӳУŷ尵ԼҪ侲Ҫ侲ɸͷŽ۷ԴԽԽľ룬ȴôҲ侲ˡ
ڹŷ弱ӶǺˮ֮ʱȴεȻԼ𡭡
ŷ壬ʶЩҺܸˣģҴСǵһôĵأлл㡣
ҲǵõͬҺʱ˵ĻʲôƥеΣգͻҲܵģΪʲôôأҿ֪ٶжأ
ڲĵˡ
ŷͷһ𣬼æͷȥȴĶԼЦţǵƺҪյڻˡȻŷȴﻹ˼ȥЩΪ֪˵ⷬ˼Ҫˡ
ŷŭҽͱҪҳȥܣ
Ҳ룬סܵΣ׼ȥƴΪεֵһᣬѵģȴ룬˿ȴͻ
ڵıţͷŽ۷Դ޵ľҲԽԽΣȷˡ
ǣ֪ôģȴ᲻᲻þôȥˡȴҲ֪Լţǲȫġ
˵ʲôΣվͲԼأߣڲĵˣзһ㱡ˮʱȻǰǸӰȻ۷Լжʱů𣬵Уȴһ˿
޶ԣһĿǸһܻصһۣƺҪòԼԺ֮УȻתɫϲޱһɺƴıҲ˲ڽ֮ϣɲǼ䣬һƬڵıԿͬͻ֮ʱǧָֻһ㣬գ۱۳һֻһҫ۽â
һ׽âǶʮ׵ĽâԵС쳣̺ıصȴǱȹŷϴһն̺ĻҪǿ٣⣬㾡ȫһ
һʩŶڵıͻ˲䱻һգʱܾվҲûˣǾ͸˵ˡ
ŷ壬ӰɣҽӲˣһΪȡһЩʱɣɲҪҵһ׷ˣһ۶ɣκȻתףбżĹŷ˵
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һ죬ǺХĿƺҲͣˣײĵش˲γһ޴ԲȦЩɳʯ𿪣ǵµɳҲǻһ޴ԲӣˣֻײγɵıԲȦȻѣ͵ܵɳ·ǿ¾µڴˣҲᱻ˲˺顣
ʩųһΣѾҡҡλվȣﻹȥ͵ʱ˱ͬ߷ݣɶȥ
ӣӡ
һĽڶ𣬹ŷ忴ͬҶ㵹ɵˣеһĨ̺죬ֻоԼһ鴤ʹĿԲһ˺ŭҲ˲һŵҩ͵븹УҲǷһϺ죬ٶ˲䱩ת˲ѣѾ嵽£͵һ˫һ죬Ľ뻳С


129 㣬
ֻоԼɵһ˫ǿı۰뻳УϤϢоϤ¶ȣٿϳֳɫģһɴûйůΧţеˮҲ̲סĴ۽ǻ䣬ֻоôȥˣҲֵˡ
㣬ôô֪⼤ǱҩɣҪ½ʵѽȿȡδؿŹŷϵɫˮ֮ˮһӹ⻬۵ջ䣬ôҲû뵽Ϊ˾ԼȻԼʵˣ֪жôܹǿʵģΪǿʵ֪ܹٵĿۣΪ˾Լȴϧ½ʵ˼Ǳҩһ̣ĵ׵Ǹұײ˵һ仰ֹסĿ˼еѪٴʶҲɢô˹ȥֻȴɹʢĵЦݡ
ŷرĽǻڲͣѪֻоԼһĪĽʹҲ֪ԼΪλˣֻֻ֪ҪܹԼʵ½ڣҲڡ
ʱͷԴҲѾ˵ղһӴһСˣ˶ǿƾżߵķ˵ʹ٣ԣŭŭһ׳֫һ̤ɳأ˲ǸըɳӣͬһƶСɽ㣬ߺֱײƣȴҪȲŻҪࡣ
룬ŷһתѻ˹ȥαԼıϣһһӱУȻΧ˼ȦĽ̶֮󣬲˿ͣڰı£Ա֮ǰٶݶȥ
ʵʵҩ࣬ھŽ۷ľʵǰҲͬǲһңȻǿޱȣھԵʵǰҲ𲻵κãʵܹͻƵŽףɡ
˵ܹҩûɱͷԴΣҩҩЧ޷ãҲûͷԴ޻ɱҩЧѾˣҺ滹һȺŽԴޣˣǾֻ·һˡ
ڣӣûκΰ취ԱסãޱߵɳĮУܹӵĿԣȴΪ㣬ܱǿ
ûҩ֮ǰŷٶȱѾþˣʵ࣬ȫ֮£ͬһգۻһ㣬ֻһʱѣѾͷԴԶԶ
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ͷԴۿԭԼת۾ܵûӰˣɴΪŭκǸٶʵ̫ˣԼƴȫ޷׷ϣҲܾʹ˷Ϊ֪ղűضĳּǱֶΣּǱķʽ޷֧̫ãֻҪȵʱһԼҪ˺ѣ
뵽вɢһ˿ΪԻѪâޱȵı߶ͬһƶǸķ׷ȥ
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˿̹ŷҲԹ˲ϾоԼڵҩҩЧʧļ٣ããɳ֮Уȴ޼ƿʩҩռҲ϶޷еͨģԼȥսȥҲûһ㷴Ӧֻ˵
һ·Уһӵʱ䣬ӷ׵Ӱǰһ·֮£ҲŲôһѣҲƺ֪ԼӲˣӦԼ˱ŷ£ʱûΣ֮ȻͣΣתôͣԭأŷʱһ㶣׼˵ȴĿͣϣеһ˿˵Ϥղεһ޶ֻǣֲǶԽҪ˵Ĳᡣ
˲ŷؿһͷĵܣһҧվûֹΪڵԼҲûжȥ˼ˡ
¡֪ʱѾ˹ȴޱȣûһҲоµǷݾ⣬鲻ɻ£Ҳ֪ĿǰٵտֻмѵػعͷٿһͷԼʮĻ飬ȴӳеȴԿ޾ĳɳ
ˣܣټˣءȻһŨŨ仰еٴζ˲Ͳ˹ྫµգԴүү͸Լһ·ʮ飬ȴҪԶķֱˣв˱漴㴫һ˻дһƵϢ
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ŷ壬Ϊ˾ҶվôԴڹŷļϣŷĲһ𣬿ıԼƴӣͻȻ촽ʵ
ŷֻоһ˵ܰǿףȻΣأ̲ס˼±ӣεĻȴûлش𣬶˫ָӽ˽εĽжشԼĻ
ʵҲһֱĵԼ׺󲻺ڣҪ֪ղԼȥĻԼںܿܶѾվˣֻһ¶ѣȻ֣ʱԼĻһӻڻں޵жȹǣγһħϣһҲκͻˡ
һ͵Σվǻʲô統ͨͨڣ
ԣϸһǧһ飬ҲԥҩȻȥΪڲ֪УƺѾԼĵռ˼ΪҪλãȻҲ֪ΪԼĵ׻ҪҲΪԼѰɣ
Լĵ׶ĸоֻ֮ȥ룬Ըȥ룬˿Ҳûʱȥ롣
㶵ؿһԲȴԼˣеâԽԽŨңڣѾҪκεĴˣΪܹоõĺںԼ
뵽ĵ׾ͬ˻һ̵ģղΪʧȥ˼ʮĻ˱Ҳɢѩ۵ۺȻͬһ㻺ػŷĲӣȻ󣬽رסƺҪԼ塣
ƴܵĹŷʱһֻоؼѹԼıϣȻ۵۽ԼĲȻܽȴӰԼܣ⡭
ŷæ˦˦ͷЩ߰뷨׳ԺڿɲЩʱΪ˿ҩЧѾ㣬ٲתĻ¾ֻɥڴˡ
ǣתĿǰվأŷЩãȻؿ˿ܣ޾Ŀɳһ޼ʣͷԴޣȻ˵ԼԽԽԶɻܹӦõľ֮ڣֻҪûӳĸӦΧʽȻֹۡ


130 Ҳ
ҧҧŷһᣬٴͳһżǱҩѾ޷˼ԼʵǷ½ˣڣҪ
ŷ壡㣬㻹ԣѽٳʵɾġۼŷóһżǱҩɴΪҪ֪ҩһŻõ㣬ʵҲֻ½߽ĩңٳԣʵ½ɾͲôһˣΪղųһţʵѾ½ټǱʵû½֮ǰǼǱǳɱģ֮Ա˺ҲԽʵǳɱ½µʱܲʵ˵
Ծֻ·һεĻŷ建ҡҡͷ侲˵
ɣǣ˵Ļʵ
Ҳͻ𣡣ŮˣҲŷĿȻ͵һȣʱεĻ󣬲˵ֱӰǿҩһʱٴαǰĿͣٶٴǰ۶ȥ
ֺγԸԼʵ½ף࣬ʵİǣԼԵĻԼҲһ޷룬ɥ룡
ڲȥԼΪʲôںˣֻԼȥҲһҪ
뵽ǱƺٴαٶһӣãɳĮУһӰת˲
򱻹ŷһɤӺһ㶣ٿ״¶ݣĵȴǳ˴δй飬֣ԼƺѾǳ׵ˡ
û˵ǳճյؿµĲþãһЦ׽˹ŷǺҶԣ˲Ⱦʪµգȴ˿⣬΢΢ر˫ҲҸ΢Цڴ˿̣Ҳںֻ룬ôţҲ¡
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ΪʱԼޱȣĴڣֻҪһ˵ǲʲôΣյģڵʵҲ𽥻ָţʱػȫҲ͸бˡ
ղҲֻԶѣʵûʲôӰ죬ֻҪһʱ䣬ܹȫָȫʢʱڵ״̬ˡ
ˣãǰֳһ󲨾ŽԴޣȺԴȻûоŽ۷ģͷҲһͷŽĩԴޣŽҲкüֻŽڵĸжʮֻϵǸ˫еģڹŷΪԳɹѵʱȴٴĵ
仰ŷľͲһǰǰܣǱȺԴ޶ǿ϶ˣҷҲᱻȺԴ޶ϣ󷽸вͨѵ˵ֻת䳯߲ɣ
ŷתͷ˿ߣǷ򣬿ǸɳˣضζΣգ룬ǸľͻһȺŽԴȺ
ǣǰ󷽣ҷȴ޷еͨƺѾǱѡˡ
ԥƬ̣ŷһҧĵ׳ȵܣ
ǰֻ˵ǰңǰٷ֮һٻᱻϵģֻӲһȻǸˣãԴȺҲ˵ڣŷֻܰһжѹˡ
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ԹŷĻƴӣ˿ɵľִУһŷҲûΣգҲĳȱŷҲ֮ת򣬳ɳȥ
Ҳо˹ŷȻıķ򣬵ȴ۾һ£ƺһж˵ѾҪڣֻ밲ſڹŷıϣı
Խ룬ɳҲԽҺùŷıʵףҪǸһˣ·Ǿ͸ἱٱˡʱҩЧֿʼˣȥֲ֧˶ˡ
ѵ˵ҪѣҪٷüҩﲻɣŷĵײ̾һҲû̫ĲԸΪԼ嵽ڵİ˽ڣֻʮѣʵٴδ㿪ʼҲٶ໨ʮʱˣʮ꣬˵ָ
ңΪ½ľͻ½Ҳʾͻ½˱½֮⣬Ȼǰ˽ڣľҲˣһĻֻҪѱͿˣٶȣضҪࡣ
ңԼһҩʦҩɹԼԼҪָԭʵʲô̫ѵ飬Ҳܸڲ֮ǰָܹˡ
ҡҡͷŷ⣬ʱʵڲǾֻٴμǱǲٶ룬Σգ۱ʧ˷ɳС
һ·˽ʮӣŷҲϣȴҳıϣΪٶҲ̫죬ټ˵ĻǱضᱻ׷ϣ˿ҩЧѾ㣬ǰȴ޾ķɳ
ڹŷĵķԼʵ½٣ǵٷüҩǱܹˣǱƶһ׳ߣһʵ½ڣǾ뼤û
εһ·ûʲôԴȺȺԴҲѾҪװѣҲֻҪٷһҩܹȫˣֻϣ·ԴȺͺá
·ҲӦ˹ŷΣһ·ҲûκεԴޣ߽װ˽ԴȺҲûȺԴȺҲѾװѣ;ŷҲֻǷһҩٻЩοġ
ŷƣ֮ԼʵȻͽڴ㿪ʼʵеģˣʵָҲͻһЩˡ
⸽ûԴȺûеĻǾϢŰɣ٣ʱӦǰȫġŷĿӦһܳ˷ɳǷɳһԴ޵ӰӶû֣ͷĴʯʱһ룬ǲôģһһתͷһԵʵ
ˣûзԴȺʵڱܵʱһֱȫעעܵĶŷĻҲıش
⻰ŷǴһȻӽ⿪Ѿָһηº漴ѵֱֱ˵ϣȫҲˮ͸ټմɳ˿̵Ǳޱȡ
ﻹȥԼǲǱڣֻúõ˯һһУȾָ˵
δʱѾָ˲٣Ѿָһҵıվ߶Ѿȫûˣ۵ѣ»ûһСȻ˯ȥĹŷ壬ͷһۣСһһװˮСľһëУӣŰëľ˽ˮȻšɣİѹŷɳøɾĶޱȣƺ»Ϊ̫󣬶ѡ


131 룡
ڴɳһԲ͵ıֶУͷų赲ɳģ棬ŷͦν˶һŽྻѩƤ̺ϣ˿Ȼ˯֮УߣһϮѩɴΰԱߣһ΢ЦõУ޾ᡣ
˿ʶεڴˣģһӶҪɳΪû˿ؿĸˡ
ѾˣӦҪѹ˰ɣεذСֻ̧Ĩȥ˹ŷմȾһ΢Сɳ촽·ڶ˵ַ·
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ͻȻһֱֱԵȫػȻһϲػХӴ͵һԾ˯ĹŷǰصͫضŹŷ壬ͫҲ¶˼ΪԻľϲ֮ɫ
һϲصͷȻûתѼĹŷ壬֪Ȼ˱֣ôͱŷܿҪѹˣ
һûĶԱŹŷ壬ÿһСᣬȥһۣûתѵļ󣬿ÿÿӳȴȻ˯ģֱڣıֲ˵˷Ī
ĿһĶŹŷ壬һСᣬֻŷյȻһ£󣬻һ˫ڵ¶˳תĿ⣬ϲΣһ֣΢΢Ц
ȫˣҶȫˣ
ǹŷĵһ뷨
漴оһԵĽԼĻУ磬˳
ءǻţǻšءһŷĻУȻ۵һ⼸죬̫ĵˣ¹ŷ廹ûһȺԴޣʱǿҲûа취ӵùˡ
˵ԴȺһͷԴ޶ûֱתѹ
Ȼ֪ŷڵʵ͵ÿֻ׶ˣȴһäĿΣ·ֻҪѹˣûƲ˵Σգ
ŷЩεؿŻе˶ǵһһʱֶ֪ķţֻԼпꡣ
ſţܵԽԽĿԼ̺ĹСϲȵʱ򣬹ŷĵȴƽȥ
΢΢һЦ̧ḧε㷢֮ϣ˵
һסᣬӦԼſڹŷĻʱһ죬ϻžӨ飬ѩ׵ϻ͸һĨκ죬ǽεģùŷֱӿôסˡ
Ȼ춼ܿǾɫò˿̵ֶһ滨Ҽģ˲ϧʹ˼ڻúϧһŷ嵽ľЩ߰뷨ѹĵף˫ֳƤ̺վ
һվŷһֽţоȻԼڵʵѾ»ףȻǰ˽ڣҲȻҲֻʶѣ˵˽׾Žףֻһ߽ף޷սʤΪûб֧ţҲȻ
ʵŷվΪӦ»֮ʵΪôŵĻαضῴԼǴţֻվμװڻԱͣ
ȴ֪ǣվ˲䣬һ㶣漴ƺ뵽ʲôʱ糯ϼöѪˣȴû˵ƣҲûмУֻ˫һ˿ɫʣҲָܿ˹ͨŹŷͦεıӰݺݵһۣŽ޵ĺ촽תʼ˳ʳ
ŷѾʱ䣬Ӷʼ׼ʳѾصֱԵػһ׼ʳ˹ڵϣֱͫضεÿһͷʱʱһģ޲ϿԾͺá
κЦؿһֽۣźĿʼһ㴫˵ζǱչֽŵĹŷ嶼˹
ŷαѾƽȥһ죬ĿⲻƣǴѾָƽɴһΪĸһθϰһЩŮ֪ʶҲǸ֧ʲôȴû뵽Ȼ˿£ĸεڶͨͨһ
ŷûע⵽ε쳣һֱüŽĴ㣬Լʵ⶯ǾŽԴȺĵضΣﲻκæϺˣߣȴֺпֻȺԴȺ룬Ҳ֪ΣѾ
ʵŷǺģΪո֮Ժ֮дӹ˳Լ֮һֱޱȵҩȻ״ЩҸݸоܹоóҩĲο״̬ڴɳھɵͬʱֺһ̽ߣȴ޷ȷ浽жôա
ŷ壬ôˣμŷһֱüͷĿ⻹һֱѲܣͲЩɻʵ
ŷ΢΢һЦҡҡͷûôҾ룬ǽ׸ߣҲ֪ڵʵضֻϺȣҪĻָΪõİ취ֻһЩĽԴȺսֵȼԴȺֻڸɳλòУҾǲҪߡŷ˶٣˵ߵĻͼпȺŽԴȺϱԴȺһֱԥ
˵ŷǸĿεĽ޵ԲΪң޷ˡ
ԣЦŴ˹ŷĻΪ㣬ҴʱܶѾˣԣͲҪ˵Բˣ˵ԲķӦҲŶԣҶû˵ԲﻹҪ˵أ
˵Ľȥ룬Ӧü߲ŶԣˣŽԴȺĿԲȼĵͣȻˣǺβɴһ̽أҲ뿴ɳʲôӵأѩһŷĿڴɳķ򣬱֪мߵ뷨Ҳ˵ߵվͲҪȼĵͣŻ˵ôһ
ŷһεĻ֪϶Լ뷨ˣ˵ЩʵΪ˼ᶨԼͷһӯӯЦΣŷû˵ʲôǵ˵ͷ
ʳѾãҲѵԼǷݿʼҲѹŷǷСһƬһƬкãӣȻһЩ߲˷ڵϣùŷůůġ
˶ӣʰö׼ˣŷûٳﵽıϣһţһȥǰ̽·ˣĸ֪˵ڵһʱܹΣգҲ㹻ʱӦˣһҲͰΣճ̶ȽС


132 ҩ쳣
һְѹŷζ棬ͷųģĵʵѾԻָ֮ǰǿ
ɳУҲûȥעܵΪѾ㹻ˣһ·̸ЦţμС죬˵ʲôȴû˵ڡ
ôʲôֱ˵ɡŷ忴κüζֹЦ˵
Ƭ̣λ̲סĿʵڵʵ»ô࣬һ㶼𣿡
ŷԲ΢΢һЦҪ˶ãҵʵָܾûʲôġ
ʵҩռѾǶȥˣȫȵʵָ֮ٳȻضָúȴΣˣŷȴôΪڸղ֮ʣѾΪλ趨һΣҩռ޷ʹõ⡣
ܡӱܣԶ޷۷ģֻӭѶϣ¸ҵһΣգܹıǿ
ͺñαȺԴ׷ɱʱŷҲΪԼһ˾޷ģ󲻻һˣ˵˶ʵ»׳ڣξһľõջȴԵ»ʵˡ
Ų׳ڣʵѾӵ˰˽ĩڵľŷȫԿ϶ǣֻҪϣټҩǿһʣͻư˽ĩھԾǰ϶飡ڿʼͲȥˣűԼظҲһȻȻͻƵ˽ĩΪңõջʵΪˮɵͻƵ˽ĩڣǱԴٵڶ٣º󣬾ȻȻ˿˿ɶ
Ҫ֪Դһɶ˵һͻٷ֮ͻƣȴѾǸһ¥Щ١ı߶ӦģͻƲ֪Ҫ׶ٱҲֻҪľôһܹȫͻƵڶ٣
ֻҪƵڶٵļͻƵŽ׾ֻʱˣҲΪ£ùŷ峹׵˵ô趨ģ
ҲԣҶһʲô漣пϷĴοһЦȻͷ
ʵҪǿŷһ·һȻЦ⣬˿ûһΪʵ»ʧ䣬ŻôʣȻˣȻܹʮʱʹһ±ǵ˽ڣôڵľʣƷҩĸҪָ治ѣ
ŷһΣȻƺ治֪ҪԼȡţ
ȻʱŷһֱйעҩȻһ𶯣صҪǰִ˲٣ȻɳضʲôӰ
ùŷĵײɳ˺棬ܹ϶ǣǸӰҩĵطӦûΣգΪܹҩоһ˿ܡ
ҲùŷΪĵطܣʲôͨı֣ѵⲻܰ¾ģ֮⣬ƺֻԼΪϹΪ⣬ҲùŷҪ̽̽ԭ
ŷ壬ôˣô˵ˣμŷԼ˵껰󣬾ֱ񣬲ɻʵ
ŷع񣬿˿ΣԥƬ̺󣬻ǾԼҩ˵ΪţǾԲԼй¶ȥģԴЩദң˵©죬Ҳûʲô˵ģȵԼȥʵҲѾԻָˣ˵ܹ˽ĩΪǸʱʵҲضָ˹ʱϣŽ۷壬ҲһӮ
ǣŷǴɻȻǾȣΪ𾪵ıУԼӻҩʼйҩ鶼һ飬ҩһ޴ޱȵҩ԰Լʮ켶似ͳͳ˳ֱ˿оҩĲѰֹͣ
΢ź˵СĴ۾㶵վԭһĿɰģŷû˵ʲôҲվԭأ֪ģλҪʱ
һ֮βڻع𾪵ֱضŹŷ壬˵Щ˳˵㡢˵㡢һλšƷߵȴʦҩʦĴУ
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ǵġ
㻹ӵоšű졢켶䡢似
ûһ似Ȿ似׼ٹʱģϾط似ôȫŷ岢û˵Ǳɲʲô⣬Լȥ˵ûѧ
ȻⱾ似ҲͲѧѧ˾͵ʹˣǿ»ûȫʩչȫԼѾˡⱾ似ܹҲֻһҳѣһߣһ۶ʩչˣûʲôѶȡ
ûŷһ仰Ϊŷ϶Ĵ𰸺ԴʹһƬհ֮ˣԺֻǲϵĻż仰ƷߵȴʦҩʦĴСʱ֪жҩ԰ű켶似
ţֻóһ½һȷѪ굱УضʬݹǣأȴӵҪй¶˳ȥ
βȥˣµʱ½˶˶һ룡
ƷߵȴʦҩʦĴʲôԻҰ½ʷֹ츳ҩʦҲֻƷߵҩʦѣʲôżĿܻΪƷϵĴʦҩʦ޷õУ
˵ʷ츳ҩʦƹһֽ۷嵤Ʒߵȵҩֵҩͬһ㣬ֻҪǾŽĩڵһֵҩӵоŽ۷ʵȻ޷ԱԴãߵʵȵȷ˲ﵽʮ׵ˮ׼ɴ˿ɼƷҩʦŵʲôˣƷߵȶ˿ֲˣ߽ϵľ͸Ӳö˵ˡ
ҩռһƬҩ԰Լű켶似һ½Ϊ֮ģ⣬ȴһ˵ϡ
˼αΪԼٱŵˣȴ룬һθݣҪľڶѾ޷˼ˡ
ԭˣȻͲ϶ùĳ򲻿ӵô켶似ȴδõ˾ˣһӵеģ似ҩģ¶ԵֵҰ½һˣĴУ½޷֮Ტ۵ġڵ񾭲ν󣬾㲻󶼱ŷŴˣֻһᣬܿͻָȻٵģô˵ʵ̫ˡ
ǺǣҲɣ˭ءŷЦЦЦ
ԶʱͷһƯСۣСװʵ˵ǣ治֪ΪʲôôôãôҾûôõأ
ŷһЦĵʵǺͬεĻģԼȷǺõóˣֻΪҩϿʱսޣǴδս˵Ļ˵ǽˣ¾ǽӽ޷ӽһȷʵռ˺ܴһֵԭ


133 ѹ
߰ɣǰһ·ûʲôΣգǿ΢ӿһٶˡЦһĻĵȻŷΪôûûԴȺҲûж룬ֻöѡ
ţε˵ף˿Ҳ֪ŷˣȻҲ֪ǸҩȻ쳣ŷ˵ҲǸܹҩܵĵطЩȤŷĻ󣬱ʰ飬һͬӿٶȡ
ȻԽ룬ŷԽǾˣ˿̲˵ѾһҲ˰ʮңȴһͷԴ޵ӰӶûǷɳڲϵǿ̶ֳȣ߽Ѿ޷ﰤһӡ
ҲֻǸոտʼѣż룬ڶʱֵʱǿҵķɳͷųֶЩֲ֧סˣǹŷ˻ͷųֲŵԼǰġ
ŷ壬ҩʲôӦˣϥһѩ׵Դ̺ϣϷԴĹŷʵ
ķӦԽԽǿˣܲҲڲǿӦǿҪĿĵصԭɡŷͿһЩԴϣȻſڻش
šԵ˵ͷ漴Դĵ˵ǿҪһξˣҾµʱֶ޷ˡ
ʱٿɣʵڲУǾֻ˻ˡŷҲЩΣֻܵʱˡ
˾ֻˡ˶٣ɻʵŷ壬ΪʲôһֱߵﶼûԴȺأ֮ǰҪ˶ͻһȺڶʱˣôһͷû
ŷƬ̣Ҳһֱֵ⣬ʱԵȴĵ׿˵ˣԴӽ֮Ҿ͸оһ޵ѹѹͷһֱû˵ΪѹʹЩԴûпԭɡ
ѹʲôѹôûиоŷһɻʵ
˵ԼʵȻ˲˺ܶ࣬ľӦЩǲ˵ģȻĸӦԼһЩҲ˶٣ȻܹӦǹѹԼҲضһ˿оģһֱߵһ쳣ĸӦûУ͸˵ʲôѹˡ
ˣѹӦͷųģԴ޶ĸӦҪĸӦǿϲ٣һ·ҲԸӦˡƺ׹ŷеɻĵ׽͵
Ȼ⻰ȴùŷһѹࣿѵ˵治ɣ
ܹܲӦʵΣŷüʵ
ڣʵ;ƲھŽ۷壬Ϊ㲻絽жôǿң˵ѹܹʹЩŽԴȺҽӽܹ֪ʵضǿþˣ֮ǿʵһɱ⣬ԼЩ˸޷һغϾͻ̡
޷Ӧʵжôǿֻ֪ѹͬɽ޷̽͸ҲǿϢǡͣһ£Щȷ˵ѹȻ˵ͷųģȴûио˿ͷ·һ㡭
ѵǸѾȥˣȥ˵Ļôܻͷųѹ⣬⵽ôһ£
ŷüͷԽԽɻҩ쳣ȻѹѹǿһƬɽ޷̽͸ȻͷѹȴƺѾˣһжͬһţùŷ˼⡣
ٲô⣬Ҫģ˿̹ŷҲȥûΣˣΪҪôʵʵĴǽ뵽ҩռ䵱УҪôǼǰ·ڽⲻʱܹĻһҲͽ⿪ˣôҲá
֪ں͹ŷ˵һֱûпڴڼüͷ׿ʲôԾҲûȥʲôΪ۹ŷľᷴԡ
ҡҡͷٶ룬ŷõʳﶼ֮󣬾Ϳʼһʱζ磬˻ζ
ԭϢһҹ֮󣬵ڶһǰˣιŷûǰȥ̽·ˣ˿ɳֻͷųֲֵܹ
ż룬ʱֵʱ򣬾ͷųֶҪ޷ˣɫİԲֱǿޱȵεòϱ任״ƺҪһ㣬Ҳ˲òȫάֵļ̡
ΪȫԼֻСʱҶѣıѾҪݽˣĿǰֻ۷ɡ
ŷ忴ǰɱطɳ赲ߵ޿κΣһЦתͷ˵޷ټˡ
Ҳεؿһǰ˵ף߰ɣٺȥǾͶˡ
ţسɣŷ˵ͷתͷкһسˣȻڴʱȴͻ
ŷֻǰһһӰٶһֻһȭͷСĽСҩǰͭɫĶ˿ɢĵĽɫâⲻԼҩôܳˣ
ı仯ȴùŷǾ棬ҩǰһ֮汾Щ΢Ľɫâ͵ĴţҫżΪĿĹâȴۣâŴ󣬾ȻڶΧγһɫȦٴαڹŷ𾪵ĿУȻֱȡ֣Ŀͷɳ
仯ùŷĿɿڴһҩͨˣܹͷųƺ֡һǿ
˵ʱпܻѵıֽôҩͷųɫ֣ǾǸɵıһ㣬ŽĩڶѵֵУȴ˿һӰ죬ζûζһ£ǿȣʮףȫܡ
ŷζһۣӶԷп𺳣ʮǿȵ֣ʲô˵ֻҪӵ֣ôվԭʮŽĩ򣬶޷ʲôʵԵҲֻǻζ¶ѣͬľŽ۷ĻǾͿסˣǣôŽ۷𣿾Դ޵ľŽ۷ȫжʮѾˣ
⣬˵Ǹҩδؿ˿Լеֿ֣˿Ǹǰ󷽽Сҩǲŵʵ
Ҳ˱飬Ҫһҩܹͷųʮ̫ˣôһ֣»ɺУ
ֹвţŷ嶼ˣԴӻҩʼ֪ҩƲӴҩռ䡢ƮɡܹΪͨ飬һжƽıֱ֣ĿǰΪֹ˵Ǽˣŷû˵ĸʲôͨģ
żϵ֪ΪûŷԿ϶ǣ˼µ߶ƮʲôͳͳУҲֻжܹһ㣬ǿԺҩƴһƴģûκεĿɱˡ


134 ʯ
ŷ壬Ժǡ޵ˣգգ۾ӨǵһĨ޵Ц⣬ʢĵһ㣬ˡ
ŷȴҡҡͷᣬȻҩΪȴֻܿҩռѣĽԶ޷ƣ׻жҲ֪ͷ֣ǰ͸֪
ȷԴӹŷҩʼƺֻܿҩռѣȻҲܹҩȥģȴȫȫĿƣڿеʱ򣬹ŷҲоҩȴûзҪǽͷų֣ŷ廹֪⹦أ
һϸ룬ŷҲ˹ӦþǺһΣգҩռͽȥһ趨һƣҪǲûҩ˼ҩΪʲôͷųŷҲ֪ҲΪǸҩ쳣ĵطԭɡ
Ȼĵ˵ͷҲԹŷ˽ˣԶԹŷ岻ȫҩҲûʲô죬˿ǰȻȻһЦʵǾ͡ǰ
ŷһЦ˵ͷȻûвˣǵȻǼǰˣ߰ɣȥǰʲô
ڹŷҲôǰΣˣϾҩԼΪͲܻẦԼˣ˿ǰ϶ûʲôΣյˣ⣬Ҳùŷһ
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Ȼŷܹ϶ʲôΣգСһûģСʻ괬仰ǾԲġ
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135 ǵļ
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ˣǰ½ͻȻĵ𣬹ŷ㶣ӦȻͬ˵ǰﴦǿҪ࣡
ѾҪطˣŷϸظӦһᣬȷ֮󣬱Щϲؿ˵
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137 ǧžһ
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һЦŲʣŵĻһЦŵ
Լ⻰һıʹ͸¶ʹȻ֪˵ģʱˣûҪֻƭǣôҲ뵽γԼģԼӡ


138 ǧž
ʵǿǿ󣬿ȴû˿Ȩ֮ģҲδһأǱദúܺõġ
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ȻˣΪλҪɱң
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ٺ٣ҩǬҩʦĳɹʣ滹ĵرҵȵȻʶһˣӺٺһЦɢŨṴ̃
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ȻֻҩͶŵӰŷȴȻܹо޵еǿƺֱɽֱֿܵǿڳ˵顣


139 ǧž
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140 ǧžģ
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ڣʱʮۣ㾡ȫһڱɣ˫ĮΧܵļˣǲ¶һ˿мЦȫУǼԵסģ
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οǲӲӲѡʱ䣬ȴǸ󲿶ӵĵǸ󲿶ӺĹǸʱȫˣҲûκιϵˣûͬûϻʱ򣬱׸ˡ
ҵɵӰΪԼˣҵһŻ˼ؿһѦ̣̾
˰ˣ죬ɱ䣬Щ˶ɣ


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ٿԭȱǸ˿ӣѾӰǰһѻʬɽĳɳȻ类ѪȾ죬һ֮£һƬѪĺ
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һѣЩɱöҪ˵ǣȴȻǳһ㣬һ緢ƵĳȥǲˣղˣھȻѾɱýһ˶ѣһٴôԼЩ˱ᲽЩ˵ĺ󳾣ΪʬɽеһԱ
һʱ䣬âһյ׷׻һ𣬳ƣѦ̡


142 ǧž
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ʱԳҲˣôվкЦڣǿڣڽҪ䣡
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Ҳ˵ҩһȥȵҩЧһضᱩж⣡
ģǱȼǱҩøӿͣʵԭͽӽǬ۷壬һҩȥ¾Ǭ۷嶼֮ΪУ
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ˣǵǵȻҲΪǵȥ˲Ҳ㹻ǵˣǵ壬Ҳ㹥֮£˲һƴСм
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ӣȫ°ɣһ裬Ŀ죬ˣһԳٶ׷ȥΪصϹȱ׷ϣеĿ־пشЦȴû˿ͣ٣һ
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Ǹɱ˵ĿתԼЩ߶ʱͱ˹һֵĴҲ˶תӣٲӣԶҲӲˡ
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켯Ϲ֣֪˭͵ĴһҲʱӦ˹֪ǾƳ岻ȥģֻаеĹȫһ𣬲пܹơ
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˲Ť˼£ǻظߵĹԲСοҩַô󣬼̶̳Ȼ᲻СʱģҪʮ࣬޷ֵ֧ˡ
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Щ˿һоɱʮ֮һˣʱŵõҪˣ֪ħͷҪǸϾɱһ
ʱҲҪκ˷ʩˣ˶Լͬػһۣ˰㷴ǲԣֻƴȫöԷȥˣ
Щ칥˾£ԼǱˣȻˣǻʲôû֮ǰɱ˻
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Щʣµ߶Ҫˣɱȫǵɱ
Լ߼ǧ˵ĹɱԷ޷ԷһȴܹԼⷽǧȥֵɱڼţĥǶҪˡ
Ҳû·ѭ˶عţǹ֣ǹˣһʱ֮âҷɣ裬ǻЩ˵ĹԼⷽϣɼʱĳжôҡ
ЩٱߣҲʵò˿ڸȻ¶ԼİȻջͷһѦ̣ϵЦݣſ⣬ȴƺȻĲ


143 ǧžգ
ԴһѼҩ֮Ѧ̾ѾĴ⣬ԼԼɷǻܲ˿ںгۡް֮⣬ûԼһ֪ˡ
Եͷʱ¶һ˿ҸЦ⣬ˮȴ˲䲼ա
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ʱڻʣǧߣǷعţûĿģܵĻ֣ܹоҩѾҪˣæһΣҪһаЩ˸ȫ
ҲЩֻԳ˵òΧɱԼӣǣȴܴǾ޹ģֻһߵİ
ʵĴҲԤʾٶȻ죬ѣâγɣЩâΧܣĽâ˶ͷƤըľ
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Ҳûа취޸ģֻҪĵر޸ɣѾûʱȥ޸ˡ
ȻڿܶһıˣԻڣ֪Լʱ䲻ˣҲϻ˫ۣ֪ʲôţһζμˮӿҩ֮ڣȻ󣬴һӡԼһλһ͵סҩĶǰһӣҩͻΪһ⣬ת˲ʧʡ
ʱѦҲѾ˹۵ḧ˺ۣˮһſŻ䣬ϧޱȡ
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Ѧȴҡҡͷ΢΢ļ֮ϣҲشĻɽ꣬غϣŸ
仰ɻһ⣬ǵµһԣȴ벻ҪԼһȥǻȪ֮·
˸˶ǰ㷢Ŀ飬ܹоԼӵǷݾ⣬˿̣˵ʲôҲá
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ͷѦ̶ʱͿĵЦԵһ޽Լʳָӿڽ֮ſһ֣
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ӰҲͣӵһ̣Ȼ޶

Ӱɢŷ塢ΡþԣĬȻ
ǿҲһ콾ȻȥģȴһΣǵ鶼Ϊ֮İ鳡档
Լж˵˵ʲô벻Ҳ˵ʲôǶ԰ĳ飬ʲôǶ԰겻塣
⣬һǧˣ
ŷ忴ȻϥӵӵŮͻȻһ¹ڵأǿ˼ͷΪģΪԼʦʦĸ
δ˿ҲѾǿ޳ˣǧİ飬˵鶼Ϊ֮¶οǱȽϸԵŮˣδԭҲĸˣΰ
ȴǸͲ֮İ飬Ǳ޵֮˸𺳵ˣټܹظܵԼеĸܣԣҲһֱĬš
ͷŷ建վĿɨһѶʬ壬䣬ɱ֡
ȻЩѾȥеɱȻǶǷŵģˣȴˣֻҪЩţһػή٣ȻЩΧɱʦһһͳͳ
Ȼδı棬Ҳûܵκεָ㣬µĴԼ䣬ȴͬǶ֮ûҩûĴУŷ壬ڿ»ڹżҵۣ
˶飬ŷ岻ǣЩʦȻ޷ٱôԼͽܵ棡
ŷ塭θоŷɱ⣬ɲȥԼ۽ǵˮ֣ĵغһ䡣
ܹ׹ŷе뷨Ϊ֪һˣȴ¹ŷΪޣɱǣӶ߻ħΪһɱħͷкǵǡ
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ŷȴҡҡͷˣһʱҲֽʱҲʧ룬ʦʦĸҲ뱻ɡ
˵ţŷĿתһѶʬ壬ȻЩˣһѻ˰ɣǣûʸԺʦʦĸһ𣡡
ʵҪ˵ڹŷģЩ˱ǸûԵĶӣҲ֪ԼʵЩΪʱ̫˵㡣
ղӰΪŷһţ֪ԶֹֻʮױߵĴڣ治ʲôԴߣŸǿǬߣڣԼȰʵͻƵʮ֮˵ɣʮױû̸ʲôΪʦʦĸ


144 ö౦
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⣬һʱҲϨˣҪЩʬ̫ˣո켸ҹϨ
Ҳڲȥ۽ǵһ㾧ӨĬƬ̣Ȼ̧ͷĿضŹŷ壬촽ʵŷ壬Ҳֻʣһӣʲô
ŷһû䣬˵֪ʱȴιâһ뿪ЦҲҲ˵ӳ˵ִ֣֮Ҳ˵Ŷ
˵Ц仰һ˵ŷԼĵ׶һҲûж룬ͷǱƵʬ壬Ŀ֪Щʲô
ۣɲܹŷ⻰ǲǿЦֻҪõĴ𰸾ˣΪҲףԹŷĽʣһ죬ܻᵽ
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ŷҲһֱ˼⣬ûԴޣû࣬Ǿͱʾ޷սԼʵûָصĻһǾŽ۷ԴȺǱɵľˣֻһʱˡ
ŷĵʵһ뷨û֪ЧΣʱûк˵һжȵٿ
ǾݾɣҩռʳҲ㣬Ҫʳ⡣
ţԹŷĻûһ飬˵ֻҪܹŷһʵĿҲûôҪˡ
ŷЦЦİɣﲻûģطĻʺ
ţΪʲô棬ڻ˸£Եýޱȡ
ŷûж˵ֱһǱУʱڣרⱾ似ɣĻôûΣգͦʺġ
أôѵÿձ𣿡Ц̵ؽӹûоܾҲû˵лл֮䣬ѾҪЩ
ŷûлش𣬶ǺȻ̤ҩͷŵַΧʱǳޱȵѹٴγ֣Һ׼Ȼѹϥһ䣬ȴҲûֱӹڵϣҧҧһɫҲ˲ͷŶֿ޴ڵѹȣֻӶѣŷĶͷֳغˮ
Լͷųֿ֣޴ڵѹ취ǹŷ뵽ģԣ취ܲԼıģĿǰȷԡ
ʵԴսҲΪܹذԼڵıһգԴͻԼļޣԴﵽǱĿģŷ뵽ԲˣĵıٶȣǱԴսĵûҪ죬ֻΪǰʵ̫ǿˣԲЧ
ǿ㶣ЩԣŷǽܲסӰҲԼٶʱʱ㷴Ӧ˹˫ĿһȴûгȥΪҲֻʺʵ½׵Ĺŷѣʵַ似ĵıٶÿ졣
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ҲûϵⱾֻҪÿ춼ıٶҲûȹŷٶ٣Ͼǰû似ԸտʼϰĵıӶ࣬Խǲõˡ
ٿŷǱߣֻӵʱ䣬Ѿ˳ܵļޣ£Ҳֲסæһ̤ڣٸȫһɣҲѵһƨɳϣ˫ֳŵأϣش
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졣ŷ꺹ˮСһóԼˮݵŷ˵
ŷҲû룬ſͺס˺죬ཹཱུľͺȴסˣùŷſ죬úԼˮﵹģɲֱӾͺס˺⣬Լȹѽ
ʱͨһּΪĸо⣬㲻Ǽأ
һ뵽͸Ӻˣȴû˿ִĸоЩϲ
ˣԼˣμɬЩεؿŻڹཹེˮĹŷ壬Լħء
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ŷ忴ô󼱣æıӰι㲻
ôʬˣҲŲأһƮƮڴ˳󣬱ûϢ
һſźһ⻰ʱ˻ۣ˿Լ۵ʵûˣֿ˿޶ί¶ģҲ°
𣬾ŷԤϵǰ㣬ҹųϨ𣬶ǽʮߵʬ壬ҲѾΪ˷ɻңһӰ
Ǹ˿Ҳٴ˳ʮףֱǧ׵Բӣŷ弸жޱȣȻ֮ǰǶӰҲ֪ӵжô޴󣬿ֱ۵ĸܣֿȴȻ֮£ֻоԼСޱȡ
ŷһɢӨӨâ뱦ʱһе𺳶̼ɢ˫ֱɨǱصоһƮ
˺üŷŰѼ΢ѹһЩȴֹסЩ͵ʵΣ⣬Щʲôģ
ҡҡͷҲЩȷصҲ֪룬϶ʮ
ŷ嵱Ȼ֪ЩﶼʮˣЩɶЩܷɵĸõİлЩùɼȻ֪ͨҲ͸Ӳ֪Щʲôˡ
ʲôģӽԺЩͶǵˣŷæкһȳЩȥȻһ֣һ֣Ȼһ粽һ֣һ֣ҲԼսȥĵʲôЩͳƬƬʧ
ЩֲԼܵôôοŹŷƵĶཷཱུСֹ
ֹֹôŷһ˻֪յʲôʱȥҲǰȥԼֽ䣬ʼæ


145 ɲˣ
̫࣬ŷˣĸСʱŲеȫռȻٰʰõ˿յأȫһԵĶ˳γһɽ𣬺Ư
ȰЩɸѡһ飬ղյʱҿвٶˡЩȫһ֮󣬹ŷֵ
ţҲ˵ͷʼһɸѡղҲٶѣֱӱ˵ս֮𻵵ġ
ѡѡţŷ巢Ѿ𻵵ʵ٣ȻŹ⣬ȴˣľȻһǧ
ҲвˣЩУóȥһ½Դοǽǧ
Щ˵ģŷҲ㶪ָԺܷãԼҩռúܣЩȥҲռʲôط
ȫѡãȻְЩͳͳ࣬ͽһ𣬵͵һ飬ְȽϸ֣æСʱȫֺá
أɲˣŷ忴ŷֺõĸи̾
ȷôҪǻԴ֪û٣£ʱǻҰ½еˣǧ֮һɣ
ȻŷҲˣɲЩȥ˵ǣ⣬֪ϱض½ǸӰܹ²óô߶ǴĶأܲʯͷĳİɣ
ЩǹŷΪ˽ȥЩδ֪׼ģҲţԼضܹ߳ƬŸΪĵط
ǾͿʼѡɣѡԼϲģȻǾһһ롣ŷָһƬתͷε
ãҲûоܾҲҪһô࣬һٱˡ
Ī˵һٱʮռҰĿǰˣ˵˵ΪܹΪ֮һΪһʮڣǲȱģǰЩһʮǿټռڶľŽߣһһܹ׸ı½ĸֶ˵
ɲҪС˸߶ãǰ˵߶ø߶߷ӳȫʵһԽǸ߶˵ģȻܹõĹҲԽ󣬶ڶֶԾУԷһ㹥ܹתһսˣһٱռңͳԲʲô⣡
ŷ˭ͳģͳ½ûʲô뷨ҲͲ⣬۽翪ˣܹķΧҲ͸㣬Ұ½۷壬Ѿ޷ʲôҲֻΪܹΪĿ꣡
ȻǰǱҪΪҰ½ǿߣпʵֵģԣڹŷҲȥЩű߼ʵ飬ֻ⵱ԼǰܶĿˡ
ɸѡʱ򣬹ŷһֱעûʺԼõģø̫ϡ٣ܹҲôʮֻõִͷûԼõָŷΣԼֻԺ취ˡ
в٣˽͵֮⣬ˣһٶʮɫĿˡ
βҪǹŷȻѡһΪǿ̺ҲΪǿģҲ֪һʮױԴùģҲĲ
ѡ˲٣ٶѳϸ޽˫ֽȵȣȫǣҪʲôĶУǽбȽϡٵĿ潣С
ʵЩ棬һЩǬߵģȴ޷ʹãУ뱾⽣Ҳ޶ԣŷҲµѪˡ
ˣЩǬߵˣŷҲ˹ּߵ¶ӡʲôƣⷽ޷ʹõġ
ΣŷֻðЩսҩռ䣬ֻдлʱٿˡ
Щŷλһϲķ֣ͱ˵ŷеȷǿ뱾Ҳͷżܺͼâɵŷ֮£һѪ֮ȴȻҲһҩһ㣬ͨ飬ʶҲԷų⣬ƮɣĵҲγĳϵͺҩ֮ϵһ㡣
ͨͨ飬ȴûҩôԣѾùŷˣرΣһλֱʶǱ·裬ǲֺͬһĳߵСŮһǿɰ
ŷַ֣еԵѪģͱȷ˵âģ˺üѪûκηӦһģҲˣһģеĿϣеֲϣΪʵ飬ŷ帶Ĵ۱ѪԼޱȡ
ЩΪʵŷ嶼ԥ˹ϵֻǱԼһ˫Ьһס
Ь뻤ףڷߣΪǳսܹĴģټ٣ʮ
˫Ьŷ岻֪ʲôģʣһ뱾ķ֣ԼٶȲõоԼҲƮƮģһȻԼһԵһĿɿڴ
ȻܷɣǾ޴ģټΪҩֵԭǹѹѹ˹Ųʮʱ䣬ŷڵıͱһգһԣôߵĵطǵñˤôɡ
ȻղŲһˤôŷȴ˷ܣΪнѹıģһֺܺõַԼҲܹĻָʵˡ
ΣŷշȥˣʱĽѣæѸղŻòֺȻһ˫ɫѥӣͿʼ˵Ѫ
˫ѥӵԭˣһŮߣʲô𣬹ŷͲ֪ˣѩѩ׵ɫͦʺεʣϵҲΪ䣬ԸղŹŷֱԹ˫ѡԼ˫ɫѥӡ
εһѪ֮˫ѥӱҲæѵԼϵѥӣ˫˽ϣȻһĿ£𣬼Ʈѩ׵ɴسӣǾԼģùŷ嶼סˡ
ҷˣҷˣУȪ˰ĶǻЦ˶·γһĻùŷһĿѣԡ
ڵıǿŷ弫ģڷһСʱ֮Щδؽϵϲ̬ȻԶ׼
ÿˣһΣˣŮҲˣⰿĿܣѡ
ô𣿡ŷ忴һɫΣЦʵ
ţСʱһֱܹ裬ҶһֱŬŬֻȵͻʮ׵ʱʵԸҵΪûʮףѾʵԸȻص˵ͷϻһĨ˷ܵĺΣ绨ޱȡ


146 Ϊ
ǺǣľͺáŷЦЦеĻףȵѪɡ
εͷӹ˿Ȼŷ壬ײΨһһʮױԴֵڲĽΪҸҪ
Ů˴ġŷҡͷܾ
еĻף⻤ǰȻ˵һŮԣ⻤Ҳܴģ˵ʵʾõĸԼˣ뵽ҲͲپܾˣ۵ĵѪȴûϣսʶ׼ϴɾٴ
ϵѥӣҲղҪ̫˷ˣҲûй˼ôֱ࣬Ӵ˾ͷɣԼѥӣȵϴˢɾٴ
Ȼδһ˫ѩ׵ĳ࣬Ľͣ¶˹ŷǰ޷һǺεȵһ˫㡣
Ҳע⵽˹ŷǵĿ⣬ɬһ㽾ǰԼҲû
һٱѡûֱǶѥ֮󣬹ŷĿ˿Ҳûжˣǵʵ
ԼƤԽԽˣ˼ŮӵĽſ˰죬ûһͲ˼໹ԽԽ죬ץסֻţúðϧһ
ţѡˣЩĻҲò˰ɣҶȥˣүүְǴȥλص
û⣡ŷˬͷ
αҹŷҪһЩˮȻʼϴˢѥԼףЩ񱣬ЩԼѥӵȷҲΪϲĻͲûҪ˴ġ
ŷûǾˣ˭ģ˵˶ģں
ŷ壬ĻԼѥӶѽЩ˴ģʱŷһЦҲûֱܾһȻ󻤼ױƯǰٰѥҲһͬȥ
治ӹŷеѥӻףλûذһۣŷٺһɵЦȴůůġ
֮ŮԼϴԼ¼һˣҪ˵ȥЩ߲Լŭʮ˿Ǿ͹ˡ
һʱ䣬ŷ˱ﶨһָŷѥӣȻų֣ƯڰյУѹıֱʵڼֲס˲ŻήȻܽԼڣ׼õҩͰУҩĸٱĿٶȻָȻȥıѭ
һѭʮأɹŷȴһ㶼о꣬ԽԽҪΪַȷǶԼָʵ
̶һڵʱѣŷʵһ·ֱ쮣ĽĩڣٶȣνǺš
ҲΪǰڵʵ̫ԭ򣬵ȵʵָĽĩڵʱٶȾûôֲˣֵʱҲԽԽãĵٶҲԽԽһҲֻѭʮذˡ
ˣŷҲѾǷǳˣٶȥԼһܹڲ֮ǰȫָ
⼸ùŷϲʵѾָ۷̶ȣŽĩڣƺһǣȴôԡ
˵Σһ似Ҳ˼ĽⶼԼ˵ģûڹŷǰϰһҪôǵȹŷҩԡʱҪôͶоԹŷҲ֪似˺̶ֳȣܹǣ츳Ҳ̫Ŷԡ
εʵԭͲټ켶ļӳɣԼ֮⣬Ѿ޵еĴˣڣǶһͷŽĩڣҲܹƽɫ˭Ҳɱ˭
ŷ壬ҪҪ裿λߵĹŷǰһЦ̵ʵ
裿ŷҲûж룬Ҳͦ뿴ˣɶô˾ޡ
ð
ŶҵһΪ裬ҲǵһΪ裡Լʳָɰص
Ȼչ˫ۣȻ裬һչֵ쾡¡
ѩɴһͷǧ˿趯У´˿裬ŷ壬Ҳؿˡ
մɬЦ⣬ӨǹһĻߣݣü䣬ټǺɵˣеĺ飬޵òɷ
һɢŷҲػعһ㶣еĺ飿
ŹŷǷ㶵飬һЦѵ㻹ûзӦ𣿡
⣬ǡŷһæʵ
أҲû뵽ϾȻΪ似Ҳ׽Ūͷ϶˹ŷĲ롣
ŷ循̾һⱾ似ƣ֪ŮģҲûȥȴôҲû뵽Ȼ赸Ϊղſ裬һֻĺһ㣬һλõĸоΪ档
ҲΣ似ҲΣͺ似רΪ׼ƵģŷЦŵ
ѽҲоأǰѧǼǸؼߵ似ʱ򣬸оӲѶһⱾƺһͶͲҪôϰһС˷ܵص
Ǻǣ˵Ҫ˶ãܹⱾ似͸
ţָʵ֮ǰǾԿ԰Ȿ似ȫ͸ģСһŵ˵
ŷ΢΢һЦôģƺܰȫ͸Ҳ˵ʱ򣬿¾Լ޷ˣⱾ似ҲȷΪһ㡣
ӻá䡷ڣŷҲֻڱеȰˣȫ͸кԶľ룬ŷȴɣλڶʱھȫѧᡶΪѧϰ似ľʲʺԼ
ʵѧ似ͺ·һ·ʺһֻҵʺԼģõġ
ɣⱾͼʺΣʻǸ棬°빦ЧټǿޱȵԣҪ˶ãܹ泬ŷˡ
ǾͺãѧⱾ似ҲͻָòˣʱٳȥҲͲʲôˡŷ΢Цŵ˵ͷҲʵΪ˸еˡ
ˣ㻹費Ҫ似⼸켶似ѡһɣûʺġŷǲι似ģΪ֪ԼУҲǸߵȵģһ룬ҲǱ켶似ʺأԾ˳ûʺġ
似ͲľͦʺԼء΢΢ҡͷǷһ¹ŷóļ似ȷûԼϲģ˵
ǺãǾͱȱȿȲ͸Ȼָҵʵɣô
ѽһҪгͷŶȻû˼أգգˮĴ۾͸ŨŨȤ
ͷһԷһҪ㿴ôŷǣһЦ⡣
⻰ζʱϼԷһҪǣҪҪҡô죿
¹ײߵú޲Ҹضȥ벻ȻҲô


147 뿪
ŷһߴı飬֪֪뵽ȥˡ
ô𣿹ŷΣһߺͷҿԼΣ˼Ǹ밡ʱһвҪ󣬶ԷǿԾܾġ
֪ضԼˣղǾ仰ȷǺ˲ģҲû˵ʲô΢΢˵ףҲŷкԸһӣʼʳ

ʱգʱˮתۼ䣬꣬ôգ۶
ЩʱŷÿҪ֮⣬ʱһҩʱʱĶ˵Ц䣬úڡ
ǹŷһιɵģûΣգûսҲûС¶
ĥ˵ģʵ޴ڵΣգĹ¶˵죬ֻ޾ɱ¾顣
ε飬ÿ춼ܿľˣÿ죬ܹЦ⡣
ƺԼľܹ˶оһ
ŷʵҲÿõ鵱УѸͣϸڣѾȫָˣڣŰ˽ĩڽҲҪ˶ãܹΪһ˽ĩߡ
ΣѾǰ˽ĩˣֻڶȴûʲô»ҪٵʱܹʲôȻͻơ
ҲǾԵģһ̾ʲôʲôڶټҲȻȻܹ⿪ˡ
ľûеѭ˵Ѱɣһ̾пͻƣ˵װɣЩ˿ʮ궼ܹ⣬Ҫ˵ˡ
ͺŷ壬ϴεĵڶپѺۣܹһʲôˮɵͻˣƺԴٶ˵ûκεѶһ㡣
Щپǹŷ֮ĶԼˣ˵ҲЦϸڣŷոһָα˵Ѿȫ͸ˣֳһȷ˵ѾȫѧⱾ似ⲻò˵һɺˡ
Ȼ֮ĶԼҲͱˣȴӲǲӦ˵ʲôȻͬʱﵽģǾͿǶӮˣҲǶˣ飬ÿ˶ԶԶԷһҪ󣬹ŷҲû飬ֻҪľˣҲʹӦ
ʵû뵽ʲôҲû뵽ùŷʲôҪӳʲôʱ뵽ˣʲôʱŷȻͷӦ
ˣŷ忴ŶǸող¶һĳ˸شһ
ƣߵߣһͬŶĳһЦݣ𣿡
ţǵģٹһʱ䣬ҪȥμӲˣҴӦʦġŷ΢Цͷ
֪ŷҪȥμӲеģҲûв죬ұǲμӵģȻμˣôҲȥɣȻ֪ҵòһ
ŷתͷڳϼӳ¸ԽգϷʵڣҳǿ֮⣬ƺûʲôǿˣ似Ƕ켶ߵȵģҲˣһ㻹ò
Ծ͵һϷʱĹŷһۣʵ⻹ǵ֮£ٺõ似кãִ򲻹㣬ƽɫټ֮ͬ£˭Ķѽ٣Ұ½ûĶ֣
ҲںǸʲôһŵĹ⻷ˣ˵ΪŷģΪڻһٱ֮ĶѾ޹ؽҪˣô೬߶֮£ټռҵڶǿߣ˵תĿǰǸı½֣Ҳǳ¡
ǰҵǻΪԴ֪䵽жô֮ȴΪˡŷĿ˶٣˵ڲ¶ܹµǻҰ½ֻһޱСĵط˵ЩǬǿߣҲ˵ЩԴߣʮߣǴ½Ҫöܳһɴ˱ɼã⣬жôƫƧС
Ȼ仹ط½Ĵڣôͱʾضž֮Ĵڣ֮֮ŮҲ϶洦ɼǺǣ츳˵һͱǲҲͬΪҾͱǿԣģǻҰ½ĵһţǡһ
ŷȻһЦеҰţƺʹεĿҲ޷ƿ֣ôճյؿ˽šҰĵˡ
⻹εһοŷһ棬ȴʹ˷У԰ܵţ޷԰Ρ
ʲôʱ뿪ȻһЦʵ
ͽɣپǲʲôΣˡЩŷ嶼ѾˣҲûش
ʵҲѾȫָҲѾ˰˽ĩڣҲ켶似ô˵ҲٱͷŽ۷Դ޸׷ˣҪģÿ˶һ˫ѥӣֱշɣͷԴǿҲ׷ˣȥûʲôõǵˡ
ЩǻǱﻤף⻤ףŷµʱҲԹΣһ뱾Ȼ߲ɫֵ֣ļӲ̶ȣȴǾԿԳʮ׵ģȻҲĵü죬ȫͷţҲָܹķӶѣȴҲѾ´ˡ
ЩϣҰ½û˭ܹвġ
ãھȥʰȥεͷӦһȻЩ᲻뿪Ҳŷһһ㶼оįӣҲЩԼİְˣҲҪȥġ
ŷʦʦĸǰţƺֱĵϣƿĿ⣬впǧٶ룬һϥǰؿ˼ͷ
⣬ǹŷǵ𾴡
ʰҪ˶ʱ䣬Թ緹ŷλ׼ˡ
ˣұɡӴй˵
šŷӦһȻһԾıȻ֣һεŸѽ
ŶҲûԥҲˣҲˣһͬƺҲûʲô˵ġ
ԼС֣һŵŷУ͸оһǿȻ˾ڿնˣһѾ˹ŷǰ档
ŷҲû룬úܣ塢˶û⣬ֻ棬·һȥ
ٶȼ죬תۼʧԭأͬһ磬Ѹޱȡ
ҲǼΪҩĸ֮ʣҲû̫ѶȣڵŽ۷ҲѾԶˡ
ŷջͷǾ޴߲һۣԼԼУܿǶϥӰҲȻһִƺڵȴԼٴεңǴΪǱѩ޶
İɣʦʦĸҹŷ壬һΪǱѩ޵ģŷĵĬĬ߶ôһ󣬱תͷ˸ż㣬⣬ı


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ڻҰ½ʰ裬Ծ£


148 
ΪβõΣգһ·ٶȱš
죬ͽǾŽ׶޷ֵУȻʱֻҩˡ
ڹŷʵ߽׵ʱ򣬾ͲôںѹˣҩƺҲ֪˻ȥŷÿҲǿȥıġ
ҩһָٶȼظڹŷͷû°֡
һҲ˲٣صԳܵķΧȻҩֵһתջ֮󣬱˹ŷʶ
ŷ壬лһʱ䣬ǲҪȥԼ飿ڹŷǰ棬ܹĸоԵ¶ȣЩ죬Щ۵ʵ
ţʱծˡŷһ豭һеغ裬һػص
ڲѾ֪˹ŷеܣμҡ׻г飬ҲȻ֪룬ιŷȥӦǻȥģŷ廰˼Ȼûв´
γƬ̣˵æģȫҪԼֻ֣Ҫһ仰ܹˣ漴һ뵽ŷԸЩջû˵
Ҫ˵˽ŷԸģҲֻˣ֪ƽʱŷ嶼һƽƽı飬ȴǼĽֽģЩӵߵĽԣԼĳֻԼȥκһ˲֡
ŷһֹģĻ᲻֪ʲôǺһڲˮȻյ˵ÿ춼ֻûĵζôҲûʲô˼ˡ
һЦǺðɣڲ֮ǰϵɽɣ
ŹŷһȥҶμǱ𣬿ѾʱˣôЩ꣬ûκϵٲȥԼүүǾͻѰˣΪԼ½ֵüɹģȻȥƽȻȥе
ԣлкü£㹻ծˡ
ŷѾҲͲٶ˵ʲôˣ˱㿪ʼ˱ģһ·ϻЦҲһ㶼
Ϣһڶһ磬ٴ·ضΣѾ˹ŷ˵ĵطٶȴûͷŽ۷ԴޣǴ򲻹ԱѾȫûκ⡣
˵ԼЩѥӻȱ˵Ϳڲ֮ˡ
ʵûлָ֮ǰԾŽ۷壬ܻڵʮ֮⣬Ҳû˭вˣ֮ͷɲǰ׽еģ
ЩƣȻûʲôõĵˣѹҲȫſؾͷŽ۷ԴޣһӦϢҲԲ⿿ˡ
Ȼˣĺü죬Ȼ˺üŽԴȺȴû⵽κɧţǻһȺ࣬ǿΪŽĩڵԴȺɱ͵ˡ
ǾŽ۷ԴȺûȴˣһһȺǧˣƽʵҲ߽ңǿ߾һλŽ۷壬ùŷкǳԾ
ѵĸƶˣŷɻ󣬵Ҳûж룬ǾŽ۷壬ԼҲǲ塣
ҩռ֮ڣҲ֪ǸŽ۷嵽жǿĸƶˣôʵضҪͨľŽ۷ҪǿһܹӮ
ԼεûʲôϵΣֱӷоͿˣǸǿҲܷаɣɣ԰սҩռΪյġ
ʲôìܵĻܹͻȻȻų𵽳ʤĿġ
ŷ壬ôˣʲô£μȻͣȻŷ廹սҩռ䣬Ͳʲô飬ҲֻɻˣЩɲ˭
ոոӦһȺߵĴڣͷĻһŽ۷塣ŷһ䣬漴ʵǸŽ۷᲻ĸƶˣռҵˣ
ӦòĸƶˡҡҡͷЩļһ㶼ǰɳģӦĸŽ۷ǿߡ
ѵЩﲻֹһŽ۷壿ŷ循ȵʵ
Ϊߴ󳬼棬ҲֻƶǾŽ۷ǿ߶ѣȴ뾹ȻУԼСЩĵˣ
Ϊѽ˵ԸڶΪռң۹ҲŽ۷ڣЩô꣬ôֻܻһأٴαŷ֪ܣ͵
ռмŽ۷ǿߣŷ˿Լ֪һʵ
šүү̣үүүү󲮣ǶأΰԼСָͷһ
ŷĿɿڴŽ۷壿ռң治Ըڶģ
ôࣿǵһɽж٣
ɽΪϪҩҩ̶︨̼Ž۷ǿߣռһأռҲƱԿɽѽ
ŷҡͷԼʵСЩˡ
ˣ߰ɣȺҲѾǣǵǺ˰ɡ˵ڣŷҲӦȺߵĴڣ΢΢һЦȻǱȥ
ҲȻһЦ˹ŷνո˵Ž׵ˣȻôسȺһŽ۷߶ȥ
ʵǾ㲻ȥȺҲģλǹŷؾ֮أǳ£ȻˣȥһǵǺηʥ
һξ룬ε¶һ˿ϲɫղ޷ӦЩ˵ϢһӽӦЩ˭ŷһϲı飬֪Ⱥ˿ܾռ֮ˣȴȻôɡ
ŷ壬Ҵ󲮺ҸأεСǸˣߵĵطԼˣʵЩ˷ܡ
ŷ΢΢һЦȴûмӿٶȣΪȺҲ϶ǸӦεϢԼٶȳء
󲮣磡һԴＱӰԼɼС֣˵ش󺰵
ãҵ˰һͬըװͻȻҲϲ֮ɫٿˣһ׵Ŀ꣬ǿֲʵ⣬ҲΪգӦþεĸˡ
ٿһˣģҲǲ˶٣Ҳ൱Ŀ࣬Σвһ˿簮еĵҲ֮ˣŷʱȴһ֮ɫ
գ۱ܵ˽ǰǲضһȻ΢ЦĹŷ忴һۣȴҲʱûжʲô˵ʵѾ˺ˣҵˣͷĴʯҲ
Ǳǲ֪ģȴһżȻ˻ǳһ꣬ȻһбɱߣбɱһŽߵ¼Ǿȣ֪⵽ļĵӣȻôǿ


149 ڣ
һ˭ûд߻һŮӵǴˣȻǸŮӿòһѩɴȴռģһһʣǸŮӾȻΣɻôһߵͬʱҲ
ΪǸ˵ξȻһ˸Ǹӽ˴ɳȲ˵Ǹӵ˭˵ǴɳΣգռ˶ΪģռҼҲεүүεĴǰɳȥѰΣҪĴԼŮ
ɾôʱ䣬ǶûзεӰļ֮ʣȴԼȻˣҲûκ˺ۣҲͳ׵ķ
󲮣磬ôѽɱԴ޵𣿡β֪ЩǺʵ
εĴһεСԴԴ𱸵˵㻹˼˵Լ˵˵ⶼˣһƽûﱨһһҲ㣬үүԴǰѰˣ
ԶʱЩ˼СͷǸ߲Ҳûа취ȡϵѽҲ˵ֻõǸԲ󲮣棬Ҳûа취˴Żȥƽѽ
εĴȥֻҪû¾ͺˣҲ˵⣬ʵζôλСֵģôΣգҶ̫룬ȥүү϶Ҫ㲻ˡ
ռңҲֻεүүʱ֮Ҳε̸һ٣Ȼ۵ȥԼŮҲôүүʱҪԼǾȥȥ
һνЦݣХֻҡͷʱεĸȴ˹ŷ壬ʵãλСֵǡ
йŷΪСֵܵȷΪܹоóŷ;Բᳬʮ꣬ԼС˺ö౶
ΪŷǻǵǸһɱˣŰŽߣлηǸģһӦȴʵȻֻ׳ڶѣΪ𾪣Ҫôʵȷֻ׳ڣҪôǡ͸ŷʵ
ԸŹŷʵֻ׳ڣҲʵԼῴ͸Ҫ֪ԼҲǾŽ׳ڵΪҲһɱ˵ǸôֲҲ޿ܻʵ͸ģ
ңôСôܻǸʵǿꣿ̥Ҳʮ궼û
ѵǱԼûҪŲɣ
ֹǵĸХҲΪȣȻҲоʵֻ׳ڶѣǾŽ۷壡ԣϣû˭ʵԼ͸ģԣҲֻǺô߶ѣûǵǸ롣
ǰŷʵǰض޷סģǴľٴǿһ㣬ټǵڸǣǾŽ۷壬Ҳ޷͸
ΣǿХҲǵؼĶѣ켶ľŽ۷壬пܿ͸С
˵Ž۷ֵͱض켶ģΪȫͬĸҲһʵΪʮ׵ߣܾܿǵؼģǻƼģȫǸ˵Ρ
ĻЩ΢죬⣬Լһκһһأ˿ˡ
ҲûйŤԼûзʲôʲô˵ģǾͽܵйŷ壬šҵĺѡ
ȻָХŷܵŷ壬Ҵ󲮣ХᣬҴ磬
Ǻáŷ˿ûΪХǾŽ۷ڣ鵭΢ЦŴк
ХֻЦŵ˵ͷǴкˣֻ˫Դؿ˹ŷһֿۣЩһۣû˱ʾ
ҲãȻõĺáѣҽһϵܲͻɣͬˣǸըɤӣرǸá֣ϵٿЦ⣬ôǿյЩ
һ⻰΢͸ԺΣҲûнʲôЩССĿġ
ȴ֪ԺߵģȴХᶼԭЩɵģΪǰδ˵ԼֶŮ࿴ĸһۣһˣһԼֶŮģô²֮ûʲôԼֶŮҲôһ˼򣬾޿ܻһһ
ХôҲĺãʵ׳ڶѣòҲʲô˧þ춯أȻҲ֪ԼֶŮԸ߰϶ǲں˭òεģЩйŷ꣬һֱƽľ֮⣬ˣ
Х벻ͨ±Ҫ㱨ףˡ
ŷһǵģ֪ЩʲôˣرХᣬǻɵĿ⣬ԡ
ɹŷҲȥǽʲôôôˣǵͷһЦҸˡ
ٺ٣ϵܣɾǸڻǣһɱˣŽڣûҶԵǸˣٺһЦеĿ⣬ȴƺ뿴͸
ȴʧˣôӣŷʼնһ΢ЦһжԵôȻһ㣬ôҲ͸
ҡŷ˵ͷʵش
ûʲôģԼ飬αҪȥûǱҪ
Хʱһһţ룬ҲǹŷԼǿΪҲԼߣŻῴ͸ģȻôǿЩ̫ˣһ뵽Լ߰öĵˣҲûʲô̫ȵˡ
ϾԼñһղоþȻǰ˽ĩڵʵˣôϵˣҲ˵ùȥˡ
룬ȴô롣
ХԼʵžԵţȻֻǵؼѣŽ۷ΪȴֲĲˣԣԼӦģ꣬ʵԲ׳ڣ
ҲɹŷΪʲôףͿȥ룬϶ԼֶŮһֱڵġ
ңҲǱضΪûʲôߵȼԴȺܹɳôԶģ򣬾ԼֶŮ˽ĩڵΪҲ޿ܹôԶ
Ȼ룬ȴû˵ΪȻôղǸǲţ˵ǣϾԼֶŮѣô˵ҲҪԼֶŮӲǣҲֻǲüͷȴûж˵ʲô
棬㣿ɤӱʹһоһըԼըһ㡣


150 ֱ
ٰŷĻôࡣ
ɴţۣ˵ЩʲôȴǱХˡ
ζȻҵˣ͸ǻȥɣүүǶܵġХȻǶԹŷ֡ţЩͷˣ˰ִԼӵĻתȰض˵
βûзԼ󲮶Թŷ̬ȣ㷢ҲʲôΪŷһܻԣֻҪȵڲһչɣǱХ£½֮ʱˡ
ŶǺðɡȻĵ׶Թŷ弫ΪᣬҲ֪Ҫ˶þܹˣֻЩĵı˱СӦ
ХһԼֶŮģʱͶԹŷΪˣУ±Ҫ籨ף취ֹйŷСӣζһ治֪СʲôȻζħ
Һõ£Ϊһ۾ܿԼֶŮȻű֮ҲǲеĴˣ
ŷ֪ĵ׵뷨һЦãԼɶʱùˣ˵ԼҲûʲô
Ȼǲ֪Х뷨ģֻǿԼʱǲ뾯񣬹ŷҲܹ³һģԴˣҲֻǵһЦˣû̫뷨
ء
һһҲѾϵˣǶûйֻڸԵԴϣصȴš
߰ɣȥҲүүٵġХ۾ŷǱ߳һˣֻǴȰضε
ţ󲮣ûѽҵѾȻŷβ֪ŷԸԸñ֪Աûùŷų
һ̸£ЩĵģѾöˣת۱ָ˹
ˣΣǻɡûХ˵ŷͿ˵Ҫ֪ģһһûʲô
Ŷϵܣѵֽ䣿һԵʱ;ˣûŷôͿ϶ǰսֽˣֽ伫ҲԼռҳռҵβУˣ
תһ룬ҲȻˣϵܻôᣬʵôǿˣһöֽ䣬ƺҲûʲô˵ġ
ûХôͷɲȥŷûдţܰԼǸ߰õķĶʵܱ
Ҹǰɣβﵢˣٵȥζүү¶Թˣٶȵÿ졣ХᵭƳ˹ŷһۣǲмֽ󣬵ҲʲôرѻõĶҲãżȻõҲûǿܵġ
Ҳѹŷ˵ʲô£ʵ׳ڣＶٸܸߵȥ׾Ͳˣ
ŷ嵭һЦҲûٶ˵ˣХ֮ȻܹóΪԼȼ¸ϲǵٶ𣿵ɲĵȥЩȻҪԼţǾͰźÿ
ҲԼƺԹŷЩѩһ룬ܹ뵽ʲôԭˣŷһ΢Цһνӣ̲סһۣ˼˵㶼Ҵ󲮿ˣ㻹ʵѽ
ŷҲһ˼ǣҿûйأԼʵ͸ҵʵΪѣɲܹң
ХŷüȥģüĿ飬ûʲôø˵ģǰһֱģԼ۹̫ˣ˶ڶ۵ģҲͷˡ
Хǡǡ෴һ㲻Ҳ˼ȲԼֶŮܹģһ㻨Сӣõζ붼룡
ƫƫɻֲֶܵŮ淢ֻƳ˹ŷһۣеľԣɹŷȴȻƽˮϵ΢Цû仯һ£Ϊ󣬿һᾯСһˣ
ʵӣŷûһӣ˵İεģĴ󲮣ͦΪθеأ
ٹܹŷˣХȺ棬ѡͷ˽ԴԭͷԴޱϵߣֱͬһͷԴˣͷԴҲͰŸ˹ŷΡ
޶һҲʼ۷ˣֻЩ߶Թŷİ˺Ǻ棬ﶼ˭ôռҵһ𣬵Ҳû˸ҶʣֻռյߣûʸЩֻкһˡ
ȺڣһŽ۷壬һ·ϣŷ嶼ԵüΪɣʱʱضóһЩԣʱʱֻŪһˮȣرԴȺʱȥæһߺŲ裬һ΢Цؿţι۹һ㣬ޱȡ
Ҳûʲô˶оóʵֻ׳ڶѣʵǸͲָܹʲôææսҡ
ŷ壬ǾҪˡڹŷߣСԴС͸¶ŨŨ
ǸŶнĵˣг̣Ҳܹˣʱ򣬹ŷȻҪȥ
ХᶼһֱһúþŷһҪ֪ߵغԻƭεĸ飬ȴһֱڹŷߣҹԼһХȻûҵʵĻˣҲΪơ
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һ̾һ̶ŷֿǲܵ飬ҪԼҲҪȥһˣֻа˼Ϊһ̾ϢֻʱܹȥʱֿԺһˡ
ʱúܿ죬ڶ磬һȺ˱Ѿ˻ǣֱǣҲû¶棬ϾڲͬҲó֡
ȺȻ˻ǣҲֻХԼŷ˴͹ĻˣȥϾһǧͻȥĻǼԴĿ֧
͹ĻŷҲȻҪηֱˣĿ⣬ŷůȴҲûٶ˵ʲôתĻԴ漴âһʧԭء
οŹŷʧıӰעӾþ֮ŲƿĿ⣬ڣ֮󣬱ˡ
ֻǣ⼸£ѹ
Хῴ˿һֱûƿĿ⣬֪²ٰˣٰȥԼֶŮ޷԰ˣǴСγģεԸƽʱܹԣһ¶˾ĵģʮͷŽ۷Դ޶ȵʱɾˡ
ȴ֪ȴ˹ŷħߣⱲӣҲˡ
ŷǴ͵˫ǣȻִ˫Ǵ͵ǣμڣȻȥծ
Ȼǣɹŷ廹ȰѶμҽ˵Ͼ׻۹ĵ£ɱҲô׵ģ˵Ƚ׽ĶμңȻ󣬾ֵˡ
һŹ


151 
ʵַ£ȻҪȥɱˡ
ŷƴڽֵĸУҲɨӣѰɱרı־
ȻǺܴ󣬵ɱı־ȴҲңֻСʱңŷһլſڣȻţȴĻӦ
˭źһȽϴԵŮ
ɱŷֻ򵥵˵֡
֨ſһģЩĵٸվſڣһ裬һоŷΪʱ
˭ٸüͷǰòİݸ꣬ɻʵ
֪ܹҵģҪôĳЩˣҪôɱڲˣڲ˵ĿҪ㣬Ϊûĸ˻ɱţǶ㶼㲻Ӯء
꣬ӦɱͨԱѣҲôԼûм
мҪæŷ΢΢һЦ
ʵﻹЩȵģΪоٸȻһŽ׳ڵĸ֣Ȼɱڲĵλ͡
Ұæٸ㶣ȻָԼȻʵ㲻ʶң
ŷüͷҡҡͷ
ɱԼܹҲҹһΣҲֻʶˮѣôܻʶ˭
ٸŷҡͷʱɷɱȻвʶԼģǡ
һ룬ҲȻˣǸռ벻ãŻ᲻ʶԼģǣһոռˣȴȻҪԼæ
ö˵ٸֱӴóһɫӣɫЩӸµؿŹŷ壬ӣصڣʶ𣿡
ΪԼƣضʧɫعڵأ˰죬ȴһƽûκαʾ
ѵʶӣٸкƣǵһΣɱڲ˸ġ
ɽȴϱɫǾӸµ̬ҲȻת䣬ΪһһɫӱС
ڣƣٸʧɫɱƣǳɷеѪ֮ΪģΪкƵˣʹһɱĽӰˣƣҲһγ֡
ٸջԼĻƣϵĲͷҲ˲Ϊ˹æƴˣҸղŲ֪ݣԭ¡
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ŷ˰֣ûղŵУһ£μҵ
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ɲһ㲻ˣƣɱһνӰˣɷͽܣԣҲΪŷʵСˡ
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ٸһؿŹŷȥıӰаңҺԼû̫ʧ񣬷ϴ֪ˣҿɾͲˡ
ɱ¼֮ĵȼ֣ΪϽ¼ʵϼߣҲһ㲻򽫻ܵΪĳͷο껹ɷΨһͽܡ
ŷûǶͣ˴͹ĻǰԴ㴫ȥǡ
ǣһȽϴĳǳˣҲǶμҵһϣ˵μҾһʵۣ˵һһû˭Ұġ
ɹŷ岻Ұģɱ˵ģŪ˶μҵһЩ㽫Ѫɺӡ
Ҳȥ۹ˣ˶μңԼҲҪȥɱ׻ģô˵Ҳǵ۹ȻˣǾͷɱ£
ŷƵǵĽֵϣҲûмȥҶμҵĸۡڻҪ֪μһжٸ֡
⵹ʲô֪μжٸ֮Ȼȫɵһ
⣬ǶʯĳͷȻܹ˱ˣôҪñ¾׼
һΪԼʯ䱻¾Ůı顣ɱеıͷճСûзŹŷ̲һŻȻ֪ڻҰ½ϺɣȴԼԣμң뱻
ʵŷ廹ŰʯСѾʯӻС˴Ҳɱ˱ģһ뵽ƹôԶ·ķѵʱٵһº󣬱ͷ
·й˺һ󣬹ŷҲ˴˶μҵĸۡڣΪǵʵۣȻ״ģȻһùס˽ȥڻǰ죬ʲô鶼㣬ֻеȵϵʱȥ̽һ̽μҵĸۡˡ
ùݳ˵㷹ϴ˸裬˱֮󣬹ŷ;˴ϣȴҹĻĽ٣Ȼ󣬱ʬɽѪˡ


152 ɱ¾ڿʼ
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賿һ㣬һΪʱĺɫڸ£һͬӰڸСﵱУܹ
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ŷһ£ͥ㣬ڽϣУڷǣڰƶš
ҪϢؽμߣ򣬱ֱӰͷųɱķˣأǣ˿Եֵסǡ
һԼҲؽع⣬׻ǵСԸ֪μұԼ˺󣬱µһ϶һҪɱѶȣɾ
賿һ㣬ֵżҲм߹ģǵĿĵأ˵й֮أ¥ˡ
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ǰǸηˣ⻰ҲգٺһЦӶ˺üˣ췢ȻҼҴˣҼҴʱҲ϶ڵȥء
عͷһδ죬࣬ǲǸͰ
˵ûδ죬˵ܸ˶ܹС檣ܹܻͦģ˵ÿµܹʮ죿
ʮ찡δ죬ɵͣ
Ҳæպϵ
ȥȥȥһȥ붼룡ԼԼģδ֣ȻǲΪǸʹҤӵķá
ˣ賿һˣô̵ģһڴ仳´һأηعͷһ͵ı飬ɵһ˵ĺʱȴҲ߲ˣôŴͣһŴ˵ı顣
δ켸˻׼Цη뼸ģɼһģ㶣֪ڿʲôҲͣ˽Ų˳Ŀ⣬ɻԼȥ
һ龰ʱҲǲŴͣһŴ˵ģ
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ңǣǶμҵˡδȷӦ˹Ȼ֪ΪοƮڿУ֪ǹˡ
ŷ˵Ļش𣬱Ҳ˵ֱָһʱâէ֣ۿٶȣ˲˴δ֮ڣȻ󣬱ûϢ
δתͷȥÿ˵һĻ
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ҪȥμңҶμߵλáŷĻû˿ƺղɱĲˣֻϡ
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ŷЦЦʶ࣬ûдУҲͽ˵뱣סԼǾ͸Ƕμߵڡ
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Щ޹ϵ˵ǶμˣԼμҵ˾ȫˣҲûκιϵԼҪġ
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ʵŷ˵ԭ򣬲ԼμҵĸΪƾԼĸӦܹ֪ڣȴʶμҼԣԭʵ˶ѡ
ס㻰ܹһûŷؿŶδ죬ɭȻ˵
ǣǣС˼סˡδﻹҷСװͷ

ŷ岻˵Ĳӣͽ£ĸӦУ߶ΣҲ˶μҸۡڵİ˽׸λãûȥǣ׼Ȱ߽µȫɱɾȥǡ
ϾҲǰ˽ߣȻֻҪһбܹɱˣҪһĺãΪμκһѣˣ
Ȼֻ߶ѣЩ޸֮СŮԵȣȴȥɱ
뵱һԵɱħͷɱ֮ˣɱ֮ˣҲȥ
μҸۡſڣվߣǴŹǷûʲôҲûע⵽ɱĵ
ǿμΪǵʵۣ½ϵһ壬ûж˸鷳ҵģҲǹĴ˹˸ʲôɱվſڣҲһְˡ
ߵִһĹǷƣ˫ۣתͷһ߱Թ˵˭Ƕμ°
ұߵܵߵĸȾҲһǷԱǵ£ˣҪôˣſڻЩԶ漸Сء
ҲǡߵһЦҲкüûȥԺˣȥúˬһˬ
ٺ١һҲЦһ˿ûз֣ͷϷһԶҲˬ˵ɱ
ŷɫٴָһâԼٶûڣǵı飬Ҳ˵ûʹ࣬ûвҽУȻһĻٴݣոջúõˣ˲䣬㻯顣
δҧסԼѱҧƵ촽ȴо˿ʹΪ־Ѿռȫ
ȥˣŷ˫Ȼһ˿âɱ¾ڿʼ


153 ֮ҹϣ
μҸۡȻŲɱǰ˲Ѳߵߣ棬ҲȽܡ
ڹŷ˵ȴͬԼĺ԰һ㣬ûκѶȣֻɱ¾
ץŶδĲŷͬץһֻСһ㣬һԾɵԾ˶μҵΧǽĸӦУһʮ˵Ѳ飬߻
һӶ飬˶ӳʵ֮⣬Ķֻ׶ѣûκѶȿԣָ
ڰ£ŷ徲վһô֮£ûʲôһӶһӭʮɫĹâȫûзӦ⵽ʲôҲûʱ䷴ӦǲΣգ顣
μѲߵߣҲѣʮӲѾȫˣŷҲתȥһĿ꣺Щ˯еߡ
Щ߶˯ڸԵķ䵱УŵĻܻܿǾѣȻʵڹŷ忴ѹߵľǻеģֻҪһ紵ݶпѹ
ڹŷ˵ȻûκѣſνֻҪӦǵȷλãܹâɱˣԣⲻκ
μҵĸۡǧң䶼һһŷֲ࣬м䣬ߵˡ
ŷŶδ죬ȱ˵һŷҲ࣬סŵĶһЩߣҪ￪ʼһһſʼ
ҪӸӦܹ֪˯ߵľλãȻһָâ˲ľţû˽ȥ
ֻһ΢Сĳ죬ߵĺϢ
Ȼ󣬱һ
࣬ɹŷٶҲһ䷿ſڣһâȻ˲ư㣬һ䣬һâÿһͣᳬһӡ
δĿˣʲôħǹǱȹµħ
ɱˣɱɱ˿٣ոɣ
ԣոⲻɱոǵ
ħһħ
δоԼС㶼ʧˣþȫʹóˣΪԼʧ֪᲻ԼʧʱһưԼĳ
־壬ţҶҺֻܿħһδεָһâûЩڡ
ˣҲסոοֻǧˡ
һСʱǱԼŵĺҲûۡУһЩС޸֮˵ĺ֮⣬һֹİһŰİ
ЩС⣬ۡҲֻǼ˽ˣЩ˽ߵĸӦǿһоֹ죬ţʱȫѣ·ŸԵ˳
һãһ󵶣ҪĿӦ㾪ķ֣ۡһЩˣҲоκϢ
ţһƬš
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⣬⡭μ澪֣֪ЩѾȫȥⲻ־ģ־ǣЩ˾ȻϢ
ɫѿޱȣ֪ԼңҪŪ˭ɱǶμҵˣ
Ȼ֪Լ֪ˣҲô
˭ȻɱҶμ֮ˣΪλȻһʵҲΪ˼ԼĵĻ̿֡
ɱϢɱʵǿޱȣΪǾŽ׳ڣڵĸɱǶпܷԼˣȴǵȵȫɱ֮ŷ֡
ΪٶǾŽĩϣ
յУŷɫĮ翴ϰ㿴·ļˣУֻʶԡ
μҰ˽ϵĸ֣ȫûУŷָ·ˣƽʵ
δǿѹеѣΣ̲סŵˣһλڣڳ
ܺãŷȻһЦסδһһ죬ֱȴ
˵μߣȫŷ΢΢ƺڶĿĶδ˵ƺԻ
ԶμκһΪμκεһߣпɱʯĳˣδ죬ҲǼ顣ɱʯŮеһԱ
ԣֻ
һɣδĿʬɽ䣬Ͽȥط֣ԭͷϿգȻվһˣ
ʮʮףһĿɿڴ̧ͷţɲδ֪֪ܹڿеģֻʮס
˲ʶŷ壬ɶʶǶĿؿŹŷòоԼһƬ


154 ֮ҹ£
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Բʮף϶ʲô취ܹշеģ
æϣţҲô죡
ǣûʮףǣҲԼ˿Ա
Ȼǡ
ŷ̨ͬƵģһһϹűЦ⣬ɭȻɨˣǱɨˣĵһҳ
Ȼŷ廹ûͷų򣬿ǹɵƣȴѾѹƵ͸ͷųЩ˵ʵܷӳɡ
֪ǻǷǵңŷһ߻£һĮʵ
೤϶ԣ֪˵˭㿴ңҿ㣬˴ӶԷп־֮⣬û˭ʶŷ塣
ʵǶ֪йŷˣȴûпŷĻԸͲʶ֪ˣǵзѣ
Ͼһ֮ƿ˶μ꣬ʻǼǿģһѹеη壬ǰǵȷðŴ˵ĵطҳϣɽҲɱǶμôˣǵĶӣӣˣ룬ĶԹǷһʹ
£òͷһ֮ߣȴҪˣȴûожѿ籾ˣǿʳǿΪ˼ұǿֻõͷ
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ֻҪԼ˻ڣЩҲûʲô˵ˣӿӿȢ߿У˵һЩԪ൱˵治ʲô£
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ŷ΢΢һһϷʣһʹΪʯ䣬죬Ƕˡ
˵꣬һţǶѿ࣬ղ˵ô࣬Ҳֻ׶ѣڣˣǵȻ͵ˡ
ŷɲɱ˻ĥĥһѣȥ˷ʱ䣬ɱǶյԴʵڡ
ôҲû뵽ŷ徹Ȼ˵ɱͿɱҲǾþս֮ܿ㷴Ӧ˹׷ռλãӿʱ˹׼
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һǵصѹȶʱͰĵ׸ոһ˿ϣ״飬ʵȫ½߽ңʵһϣֱӱѹƵĩڣ
⣬ʲô򣿣˶ˣͷģҲһӻңǶһ£Ǿǣˡ
Ȼûйǵġŷóֱһһƣÿһ͵âֻ伸Ӧʱ䶼ûУ˶棬ɶ𣬳ʵǿĶ֮⣬˵ؿڣȫӡһ͸ĿϸȥĻ֣ᷢһƵ״
һУɱˣ˶ԣʱ˻ڵѪ춼
ŷҲˣߵߣ΢΢ӣȻûʯĻһǶμҳֻɱ˶ѣһ£ԣӽԺ󣬶μҽڡ
ҪţŴˣɱң䣬ܣ׻µ벻Ҫɱҡһ⻰ø첲ѵسԼϰвѪ϶ؼæ˵
׻ҲܲˡŷЦЦȻĿһ䣬˾־޾⵱УָһâųֱûǵĶͷУ漴ȥǣһնųȥ
˵׻µִҲǣڣŷ׻ıɱģҲǸΪˡ
ܺңҲҪʱˣɵϣһҵǸǱƵĽ
Ȼֱշ˹ȥ¸㶨ЩһӦӦһ˽ߵϢأӦþǸˡ
μҸۡɱ¾ûκ˵ע⣬һжϢμЩûСȣҲȻ˯УΪǸͲߣԶԱϢҲ͸ӦҲֻе糿ǲŻֶᷢμе߶Ѿȫȥ
΢ĵƹ⣬ϸһܹԼŮʹ롣룬֪ҹڸˡ
̧һߣǽʵľű˲仯Ϊ飬е龰ҲӳУһԳࡣ㡣ŮȻȻһ¸һҲȻͣؿͻȻֵꡣ
ŷҲϻŮŵøҪг֮ʣ˲סǣâųɵıɱǡ
߳һƬŵĳŷٴڿնеŭҲϨһ㣬ֵ׻ˡ
Զμҵɱ¾ûʲôսԿԣһŽ߶ûУ׻ͲͬˣǾסڻеĻôضоŽ۷ߴڣŽĩҲ϶кüڳڵǾ͸˵ˣ϶һȺĻɱܻἫΪѡ
Ȼŷ廹ԴֱɱȥȻԼܹУ۹ȴĻۣһֹ濴Щ˵ЩŽ۷߾ӵܹڿշеĶԼҲؽټΣա
ԣҪɱ׻Ǿͱõȵ˻ҲУʲôʱңԼȴǲ֪
һ⣬ǾֻҪμұϢһô׻ܾܿͻ֪ʱָȥŷ˼Ƭ̣ҲǺް취ֻɱȰæ鿴ֻϣ׻ûоסڻڲźãס棬Ǿֻڽһɵˡ
붨ŷҲûͣıҪˣǻᷢʲôĶҲԼòĵˡ
͹ĻԴ֮󣬹âһŷӰҲʧԭֻ˶μ޾ʬꡣ
ٴγǣڻֻ賿ĵңŷҲûȥǸٸϢһùһ䷿䣬˸裬ϵѪϴ󣬱㵹ڴϣ˯ȥ
˯˼СʱѾǴŷùݳ˵緹Ǵɱפȥ
ţŷվſڵţûһᣬ洫һӯĽŲջɤҲ֮˹


155 һǱң
˭ѽôġǸеСɫСĵٸ
ҡŷ嵭ص
֨ѽ򿪣ٸæ˸ͷЩҵط˿ȻǸո𴲣ƴˣҲ֪
ŷ˰֣ûʲôæ
˵
ҵһ׻סЩ֣Ҫ죬ڽҡŷ˵
μұϢ컹пܲᴫ׻Ķ䣬Ϊʱʱ̶̿ȥעμңҪ֪ϢҲôģ˽죬Ǿ˵׼ˣֻо˽ס߶Щʲôٰ֣
ǣȥţٸûκʣӦ
Ȼ֪ŷҪ׻ɱ֯ļһϽвףκγɡ
ãҾںľùݵŷ鵽ҡŷص˵ͷһһƿƷеǿʵҩУƿҩȥ͵ΪҰµĳˡ
ллˡٸһЦֽ˹ȴûôһ£һССףóʲôҩɷϴģҲþͶԼã⻰ɲ˵ֻлˡ
ŷһǲΪȻĿ⣬֪ʲôˣȴҲû⣬ЦЦ󣬱ùȥ
ڴɳʵȫָ֮⣬ҩʦȼҲһ·ǣڵѾһƷߵҩʦˣҪͻƵƷһβС·ҪߣϾԼҩ츳ǿҲһɣҪһһ̤ʵصǰ
Ѿʮ֪ˣ룬̶ѣƷȵƷߵȣȷ˼ٶȣʲôأ
ŷߺ±תլӣ׼ȥŹŷԸˡ
лŹŷղƿҩһԣ͸ĸģ󣬾ӦŪҩĵȼȻٰԼЩĹʹ͡
Щĵش˰һŨʱƮ˳һ㶣ϸһţȻɫ䣬վסŲæǿҩﵹ˳һŴһ˿ؾСҩ裬ĵС
ҩָֻ״СǷƷͼȴɼͼİƣҩϵŨҩ㣬˵
ܿ㷴Ӧ˹ٶȰҩװ˰ƿڣϰǺ󣬲һ
±ʵҩЧ֮Ϊû˭ɱģӦ˵ĺˣΪֶһơ
ҩڿзžˣҩЧʧԲŻôææװƿġ
װ˽ȥ²Żع㶵Լеƿܹٷ֮ٿ϶ҩƷϵģ
ھŽ˵Ʒϵҩ㹻ʹˣҩＫΪѵãгʮ궼֪ܲܳһͨģɱڲƷҩʦûУѾܾúܾöûзùҩˡ
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ܣɷϴԼܶûҩңղ͸Լʱôӣ£ҩкܶ࣡뵽һ󵨵뷨׳ڵΪϿ϶ּҩôǲǿԡ
Ȼһæ˦˦ͷ󵨵뷨׳ԺҲɵӣô׵ľͰôصҩ͸Լô϶ǲԼɱȻģضʲôϡ
ңɱеҩȫ˹Լܹ֤ɷϴһᷢԼһ֣ôԼӵĺǣҲɣ
¾Բ
·ǳǵѹ̰ǺãûãҲǰ״
ǣͺĶӳĶԱȣսʤеͻеħϣڽҲܵ˹ŷİĶӣʧ˷ȻҲͳΪ˹ŷɱĶ
˲ǲΪûˣҲͲһˡ
˿ԼԼȥҵģ³ξȻö˵ˣģõĶͬҲҪ˵ˡ
һУԼһͷ䣬ңǱңֻܿԼ
ŷ͸ƿҩľ㣬ҲԼĳͣûôȻĿƲסĵħϣҲԼϧһء
ƺԵˣԼҲûϧ


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صùݣŷҲû¸ɣڴϣ˼ŽҪٵ
Լ׻֪ɱǵûʲô⣬Ҫ۹֪һ֪ԼɱģôԼͱػ۹ҵȫ׷ɱ
Ϊ˶ɱĻǲܵģԼҲҪһѪɺˡ
ɱٶȺܿ죬ŷùݴó緹Ÿոսûã
øӦŷ֪ˣţеСĵòҲǰ
ƴˣҸղȥһǸ׻Ѿˣǰʱ䣬Ѿȥ˱ɽһЦŹ
ܴȻ֪ǿҩͼĸҩʦƵģȴûʣҲû˵лл֪˵ЩûãԺֻҪԸԼãͻܵõʹͣʹӽֻǰ׻ģǿҩܿԲС
Ѿȥ˱ɽŷüͷһ壬ȥ˱ɽԼûֵĻˣȲ˵ԭжٸ֣˵βеĵͿ϶ۼ˼ߣң׻ǰȥɽ϶Ϊ˲μӲеģôָǸĸһͬǰȥģԣɱ׻£ֻܴӳˡ
У֪ˡŷ˵ͷ
֪ƴ˻ʲôԸ
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ҾͲƴˡæ˵һȻ뿪ˡ
ŷվſڣƬ̣ǰɽ˵͹Ļȥȥ
Ҹ̣ԼյЩܽȻƳָһ룬ֵȼ»ǻҰ½ƵģҲͷ㣬ֻȽˡ
ҳָԼйã˵ûз츫ôڻҰ½ҲѾ㹻ˣָֻеȽȥδ֪ĵط˶ˡ
ھлмµʱ䣬ԹŷҲͲôżȥʱӦòˣȥԼҲ֪Ը·ɱԴ档
Ϣһڶһ磬ŷȥӻȵطҩռʲ룬Ȼװ·ĵͼűɽȥ

֮һռң滷ɽٺ羰续εıҲǳ
΢ԵغϣһںϵСͤһλѩɴòʫ续Ůˣֻ첲ͤӵĿϣ׷ڸ첲ϣõ˫峺ĺ㶳
ȻһӯĽŲѷеξ˹ûͷ֪˭ˡ
裬ʲô𣿡תͷһλòҲƯٸЦʵ
ζҾͼ㷢˺üδˣǲʲô£ٸ΢΢һЦεԣḧ˳ķ˿ʵ
һ죬֪ôȥشĸ׵Ļܺ߰Լ뷨˵ֻеСԴС˵
ĸ㶣Ůӡ
ɣѵ˵˵ģζĶǸŷ˼
ζǸŷģĸָܿ˳̬ʵ
ʵӻ֮ХͰѹŷүү˵һ飬ĸǲôŵģڼԼŮʱʱĳ㽿ߵģ֪»ľХ˵ζϲǸŷ꣡
ĸȴûǸŷʲôõģΪԼŮ۹⣬϶Х˵ôֻ˵Щʹţѡ
û뵽Լĸ׾ȻҲ֪˹ŷ壬ӺˣȴҲûзϣ΢΢ص˵ͷֻԴҲ͵Լͦɽ֮ˡ
ĸȻһЦһЩŷʱһˣȴǻ˹
ˣЦеְ֣
Ǻǣ˵ʲôĻշϹŴȰЦ⣬߹ʵ
ûûʲôæҡͷ˵ĸûʲôϾǰ;˵ЩĻﻰɶԸףɾͲ˼˵ˡ
Ǻǣɡշû⣬ҲεСԴ˵
ȥĶĸɻʵ
үӷԸζģƺлҪշдһ˿⣬ƺ֪ԼҪζҪȥʲôҲûж˵֪ԼŮƤúܡ
үүѽ߰ɡûпеվ㳯ռҴȥ
շĸһЦХȻҲ֪ŷˣҲͬ˽ȴԼһԼŮ۹ġ
߰ɣ׿ζǸŷˣҲȥ˽˽ΰŮĸġĸ洽һЦХ˵
ãշЦҲǸ˺棬ͷĸεһͬռҴȥ
ռҴüݵºüǧ˶ӵʱ֮УʮüˣЩˣȫռҵ߲ϵ
һȶλõһλ˽үүֶԵһλϸ˽̣Ȼ󣬱㰴ձ֣үүүүһ
Ů쵽εһνгſ˫ۣһ簮غ
ţԹԵС˹ȥһֻŵĺ㣬Ͷϸ˵ĻС
ҲЦؿǣεүүЦ˻󣬺Ȼʵζүү˵˵ǸСɵ˭
৵һ£εСöγѪˣû뵽ԼүүȻҲ֪˹ŷĴڣ˿ԼĴ󲮣һСӣȻǺܲԼ󲮸ܡ
ХӣЩΣ£Լ
˵СӣΪ϶˻ζϲģˣҪøֹ򣬽ζһ
үүʲôСɰûûеЩŵԼ½ǣСװͿ
ѽүүװʲôͿ˵˵ôʶģһЦεָָԼŮʵ
ѽ㣬˵˵˵˵ôʶģôమģǡʱ˵ģһСӵŮ俴ŮҲΨһá
ǰãͺ˵˵ɣ
˵˵ҵҪĸˣȻϲϣ

һʱ䣬ͬĶ壬ʱͰǱʺεߵøˣͷǲ˵
ͣͣʲôءϸԸŮһڣȫڨЦ˼ûٸ˵ˡ
ǵ˫лǿԿǶǸܷηĵˣ˺档


157 ʧ̬ռ
ڣεĳǶЦνߵģȴһ˵ûζȷϲǸꡣ
ǲ˵ֻỨأжʡ
ջεүүսʵζ˵ǸСֻ׳Ϊ
սˣҲ˵ˣΣôشġ
ʵҲѾХĻǸйŷģֻΪѣôʵ»Իŷεķĵġ
ˣҲ˲ɬˣɲŷ屻үүǸ⣬æ̧ͷΪŷǵģүүŲ׳أǰ˽ڵΪ⻹ΪǰʵӰ˽½׳ڵԭ򣬷ڵʵܶһ
˶ʱһսҲЩ⣬رХᣬǸӦ˹ŷʵʵģüͷһ壬ζҿǸӦСӵʵģŲ׳ڣôǰ˽ˣ
ҲûΪŷ֪ȵһŷؽ£ǸʱʵҲסˣԸɴ˵ʵ󲮣ǿſ͸Ϊġ
⻰һ˶סˣǴסˣǿܹǿʲô̶ȣôŽ۷Хᶼ͸
еĲţֽ͵ǵ򣬳켶ټϾŽ۷Ϊһǿ͸ģ
ȫţշԼĸŴͣȻǲŸղġ
Ƕ֪ǲƭǵģǣҲ̫
սϾ󳬼֮һƶˣſɲЩ˿ԱģĬƬ̣ɫǰδеأζղ˵ɶʵģ
үүġκԥصͷ
ο϶Ļشսһ͵վ˫۾Բ˫֣Ϳ֪жôĲƽ
⡭ХҲһĿɿڴôҲ뵽Ǹ꣬ȻŵЦǣԼǻСԭԼʵͿ͸˼ҡ
˿Ҳ˹ΪԼŽ۷֮ʱƽˣԼһֱ뾯һҪٶζл룬ҲҺԼûôø׵֪ˣԼѲƤ
ֲãֲζῴģԭ˿ֲ
սһĿ⾼ζ󣿡
ʮɡٴ׳һذը
ʮ꣬ǰ˽ˣǰ½׳ڣһ룬ˣƺҲûʲôܵġ
ζĸģε̷ˣץεС֣ɼҲƽ
˭飬ƽҪϢ̫߱ըˣըռҸǣһȲס
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ϸһϲĹâһӣô᲻֪ôģæ˵̣ѾǼˣ˵뱻κμֻ׷۷塣
ûϵ˶׷ģ뱻Ҳܹ⡭
ϸһЦȴӲռҶûʲôνˣֻҪζϲҲϲζôǾͿ϶ռҵŮˣӲռңк
Ҿ֪϶ǻǸһɱˣŽ׵Ǹˣ
ʱһԵ֮󣬺ȻһЦŷ˺ü죬ùŷ˺ܲûһҲûһ㱰ʼնһƽģܶθڣҲѾͰѹŷ嵱Լ÷
ըһЦʱͰ𺳵е˸һǴʱûʱȥĴɤţرĸǲС鲽εߣץһֻС֣鼱Һǡ
ĸ׵ģȻǸҪ˽˽ԼŮǵĶˣˣεĳãûʲôЩͬģҺһţȫΧȻǶԹŷ弫Ϊĺ档
սﻹкܶ໰ʣۼҺģһüȫȥʲô£Ƚʣ
սһЩСĶʱͲ˵ʲôˣЩ㬵˳ȥڣҲͱ徻ˣֻЩ
ҲһղЩֵܽõһ⣬ֳһǶˣҲ׼үүˡ
үүһҪ˵Ҫ¡ɫصص
Ŷʲô£սɫôأɰﻹҪʵһߣʵ
Ҳû˵ֱСһӣһٱȻ˴룬ʱâ˸ҫ˵ۡ
սǴһ뵽ʲôƵģͻȻͷųһ˲øУȻЩͬ˲һ㣬գ۱һĿضţþ޷
ҲֻԼĸˣҲԼٶȳǱߣһضЩ˵һˡ
ս˫۹âţ˫֣ȻһĿһӦϵľϲ𾪣Ҳβס
ʥʥȻʥսúҲǵһʧ̬
ε̣үүүүүү󲮶ְ֣ʧ̬һø޷
һЦǵһοЩʧ̬أҲܹ⣬ôүү˵ʲôʥ۸ĸ
ʥ磬ЩʥεүүȻ۽ǶʪˣһһѷŹʧ̬ĴЦ
ʥ˶ֹסļôЦսҲǹЦ˿û˸ղŵǡ
ΣζЩĸץεСֶȻʥ״ʲôЩ˼֪ضǹޱȣ⾪ɣЩζǴĶõġ
裬Ҳ˵ҡҡͷǸֵ߲飬飬ǶӰ飬Щ˵ȥЩ飬˹ŷܣ˵Щ֪󣬻׷ɱŷ壬˵ǱҰ½֪ˣ½ȥ׷ɱŷ壡
ʱŷؽ޾ΣյУʵûɳ֮ǰɣ
Ȼ֪үүǿ϶ǲ˵ģȫȥŷ壬ֽʼǰסģռûǿ󵽿½࿹ĵزԣЩԼ˵
ֻҪԼүүӵЩͿˣ֪֪ЩܣҲôҪˡ
Բ˵ĸȻǲˣףЩضǺǸŷйأ
ĸвȺŷ壬һʲôأ


158 ô¶
룬һٶνġʥǣսÿ˶һϵĿϲ֮ɫɼ
ĸǣһ΢ЦؿţûгԴǡ
ֱһսȻعȻתͷԼŮĿ⾼񣬡ζЩʥ㶼Ǵõģ
΢΢ҡͷүүҲ˵
սҲû⣬֪Щ϶ǸйŷСйأζҪܣҲпԭ
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֣⣬ЩȫǡХβסϵľϲֵһͷʵ
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ߺս˶ǻ۾ŶԷ㿴ңҿ㣬УʵһŻҡ

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ոһ裬ŷȻӦǰﴦвٱǱĲ̶ȣƺڴ򶷡
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һЦƶһȥˣС㣬ҲȥɱɣڣΣյġ
ţȵľһ仰ȻҲóԼһͽʯСѾȺԴɱȥ
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Ǻǣ´пеʱȥĸСյعһ䣬Դ㹻սһˡǺǽЦһòȻرҲ󳶲κιϵԽԽÿͿͣǸոսĺˮҵ㷢Եñһϡ
̫ˣ㣬ҰˣʯСѾ˫۾һСŽһ˦һ߱ıȫСŮԡ
̶͵Ľ׳ڣȻһʵڼ˶һ㶣תͷĿֱ㶵ؿǸжһ裬ߺȱĽ˶ӰǼϲ
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ʯСѾϵͬʱһرʯСѾ˹ŷ壬Сϳϲ
СѾͷŷ΢΢һЦʯСѾСԴһģ޵
ʯСѾƺܹŷԼԴ۾ʵ磬ôѽ
ŷĺȻ֣ʵСѾͷи˲ѣԼ۾أ
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Ǻǣ˵ôأԭŷȻͷղŻɻôǣһʯСѾͣҲ˹
Ϊ˿Լ֪ԼײβμӣͰôԶ·ùŷůҲڸܵˣϣʵԼô¶ġ
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ʱʯӽҲ첽˹鶼ǹȻҲµΪλŷ壬Ҳû̫ྪȡ
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159 ɽ
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ҲʱʱĶ˴ɽ·ǰĴ͹Ļг֣ŷģʵûм
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һŷ֮䣬һĽֵʲôĶУȻһǳһ㡣
ŷ˸ոһԱ߱Ȼ첽һ꣬һŷ壬˵ƴˣҽ㣬ϴġ
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ʦôˣŷһЦĵ׵Ȼ֪ʦΪôһ飬ȻǱԼʵŵˡ
㣬㣬СӡɷŴ죬ɴۣĿɿڴɨŹŷ壬ȷԼĹͽ󣬶ʱһĲţȻͰ͵˵һĻˡ


160 ռҵҪΣ
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˫۾һ಻סļ׼ǰȥʱĸȴһѰסεζȲҪΪ˵μӲУЩ׷˶׷׸˹ȫأȥ±ǲ𣿡
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С㣬ڳˣҿǵü˰һȿ˵һԵĸؽһĸǽһ档
˵Ǳɽƶ˵ĶӣкλΪ˧ոİ߽꣬ڵΪεĲУʵǰéҲʵǰģһ֮ӡ
˵ڱɽռҵĹϵôãȴӰεһοʱǾΪˣĵҲѰιΪԼŮˣϣԼʲ٣½˵ҲģԼµһϣҲֻԼӵ绪Ůˡ
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Ҫǹŷˣóأһ뵽ŷ壬ξͲЩˣԼ߸ôˣ᲻ҡ
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162 
ĸôһ˵λҲ׷ȥˣǿʼ˱Ļ⣬ĸҲһûһĴţλĿȴʱʱسοһۣʧǣȫͰ˿
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γճյؿĻҲ̲ס۽ǵˮһſžӨ£ǣȴǹһĻȣ˵Ĵ۾ҲǱС
ޱޣԣޡŷᣬвһϧæ̧ȥϵľӨﻹһСŵ
ΪԼȥˮ˫ȴʼճճյڣоһֱţֱĵϣǸǶôҸ¡
λ̲סˣĿⷺŭ𣬾Ȼ͵һ³ԼؿŹŷҲ˭ٸұΣһ
Ҳ׷׳ԼŭؿŹŷ壬ƺھȥ
ĸҲڻعղǳΪԼŮ֮УԱ߻λˣһĿ⣬֪Ҫ׼˵ЩʲôһµģǱ߹ŷȴǻתĿ⡣
񵭵ɨ⼸һۣûжĻҲûжĶȻεĽȴ³һ֣
ȴشÿ˵Ķ䣬˶·𲻸ԼĶһ㣬Σȴ̲סһЦŷҲӳճա
ĸҲһ㶣뵽׼ŮǾǿʵԼȻˣǿʵ治ذЩ˿С
λоԼŶˣС󣬻δ˸˵ģһȻһ׳ڵ
ҪλһŭĴرŮһЦŭɶ·ȫðһ㣬ҲѹסͷŶеıҲȻâţʼâӣƺ׼ŴС


163 Ҹ
ŷĿȻһ䣬ſεĽڻҰ⣬ղЩ˾ѾˣҲЩ˼˵ıɽĵ̣ûзġ
ڣЩˣɶ̡
ǱɽΣЩ˶ǳΣ
ɱ
ŷϺ󣬸ղ֮ãѾЩ˸ȫƻرǿ۵˿֪ᷳЩ˱ضǾΣ⣡
ŷǱ˫һɨλ˶ʱͲشһ飬еĻҲ˲䱻˲٣񣬾ͬǿһ㣬ɱ
ǱΪŭˣԼôԱһ׵һŵŮǰ
УһҪɱ˵뷨
ĸЩĵؿ˿ŷһۣȻ֪ŷʵʵģҪǵĹŷϵǹɱ⣬Щ˸ɱˣǾͽЩȫ׷ɱ
ߣô׼ŮԼռǱˣЩʵȫɱΣռôʥټ׼Ůɱָ˭˭Ӯأ
ȫӹʱɷĻȴǴӷﴫ˳Ȼֻɷһɷ죬ɷ˳
һɷɱ˳λ˲ǳϨ˻ǰǰɷ۷ǿǰȴǲ˿ģǱƶˣҲɷǰôţɷԺġ
ȻͽǰҰҿǻ˰ɣɷȫȻûһֵķ緶һƦһ㣬ԽλԽǴҳһɷƦɷȻŪԼ
λ˫Թؿ˹ŷһۣҧҧƬˣæһͬΪǱ˴˵ء
ʵɷҲΪ˲ִˣִ˶˭ûôҲǾǼһˡ
ŷҲû˵ʲôҲûںλȥǰеԹСϣûκв
ͽ벻ȻѾͷݵˣɷղŵɷȻȻɢЦ⣬һ߿ŻӵһˣһЦ
ôҲû뵽ԼͽȻѾͷķĶˣ˲ѣΪЩϼһǵĵӶô׷Ҳ׷ֵŮӣȻԼͽ׷ˣⲻ˵Լͽ˶ǿ
һ⻰ʱͨѪ֪ǰ˾ǹŷʦˣæ뿪˹ŷĻΣݼɷǰ
ʱĸҲ˹ѩݼɷǰ
ɷսһֵĸ֣ԾĸҲҪԴ
ðϲ£սǸϼһȾȥɷһЦȻȻתͳռǶ¥ȥ
ĸʱҲ΢ЦػعͷһϿ¿һ߻ͷƺǼΪ⡣
ιŷƤ֮ҲǱһڣҲӦ˹æСŷܵ衣
ȻѾȷ˹ϵŷҲͲŤʲôˣŷ壬ĸ
ţܺãζ۹ܲĸЦ̵ؿŹŷ壬Ȼŷʵǿ󣬿ȴ꣬ʼƽˮҪǣղζʱɫ˰⣬Ϊĵط
衭αϾŮӣƤûŷôһĸ˵ôֱףͲĸ֣һ
ǺǣôˣôƵġĸȰεСԴ̧ͷԹŷ˵ţŷ壬ʱĻһͬȥռǱɣζүүҲ뿴㡣
УŷڴӦ
ǺãҲѾʱ䣬ǾһȥǱ߳Զٷɡ
ãŷشȻࡣ
ʵﻹЩСŵģǵһθţЩռҳԼ⣬ǿզ죿
Ҫ˽
ŷغ뵽
֪ռǰͲγһأﻹ
ɹŷ岻֪ЩһЩСţһСظߣռȥ
ڴʱŷоԼȻһֻС֣Щȴ޹ǣۻޱȣôԼĴ֣Ҳûɿ
ŷһɣһССʱתͷ˿һֻۣҲڶԼЦǳ˰ӣùŷĵůůģġ
һߵĸ۽ǵҲǽǣһ֣ٸޱο
ȻռҵǶ¥ɱǶûжԶм仹ǸһģסҲȫһЩˣȻʶεģһξȻһİǣ֣һһҸʱ°ͶҪˡ
ǸʲôЩǸоԼĶˣԼŮ񣬾ȻһҸĺһǣһߣ
ŷ壬ȴǸûȥںЩ˵Ŀ⣬ǵУֻб˴˵ĴڣһУǸӰ
ռҵĴѴ󿪣ԶŷԼʦ˻ƵɤڹЦмȴʮĴЦЦӦþεүүˡ
ŷǣһţ˵Ŀۼϣ˫۶ɨŹŷ壬ҲЦ⡣
ŷ壬үүҲҰְ֡΢СһܵȻֶս˽ܵйŷ塭
֪֪սЦеصͷΪȻܹӦóŷʵΪģԽԽ⡣
ХȻ͸ŷʵڵȻǲСˣҲһЦеĶԹŷ˵ͷǴкˡ
Ǹˣվߵ˹ŷߣļһӢۣ
ŷҲû˽ţݵһ񣬡սǰХǰշǰ
ڴɳʱŷĵʵݣͰԼЩ˵ֶԹŷҲܹгǵ֡
ͽʲôǰֱӺһүү󲮰ְֵˣɷһھƣЦ
ǰɱռҵĹϵһֱԼͽռҵȷ˹ϵǹϵȻ͸˵ˣԺʲôΣգҲ϶ͬˣϵҲضοޱȣȫҪ˵ȥĶԷ᲻ͻȻıӪ˵Ҳһϲ¡
ŷͲ֪ŤզдѾȷԼȷǰΣôҪôеģֱӳƺүү󲮣Ǹĸ
˶סˣ벻ɷһЦŷȻˣȴûκβΪŷˬֱ벻Ť󣬿ŷԽԽ⡣
ĿһˮǿƲסֻоڵԼҸ
Ҳ̲סҲ˲ϳڳˣֱŷĻӵؿĵģ˼һ̻ΪĵҸۡ
ŷҲ§νظ㷢ңҺԼûΥԼģ򣬽


164 
ռ߳ԹŷͺȳˣЩڳţţȻһʱǻԲꡣ
ŷҲᵽ˴δůϣĸʱʱظԼвˣȻǣȻĸеĲ˻ûֻ꣬Լһӣָоĺܺá
ʱ͵¹£ŷǣ֣Ŀĵţ˭Ҳû˵·һ̵ۡ
ţ˾ȻĴ΢紵£浴һԲ⣬¹ӨӨҫĽҲǾ֣ټһ۵ĹŷһѩɴΣһУγһĻ
ŷ壬ҪһӶǸöѽŹŷı䣬΢΢пڹŷļϣ΢ŵĴ۾¹ҫ·Ͱ׹ԺˮһСҸ˵
ǺǣԺ·᫡ܿ϶ǵ·ܵκ谭ŷҲסˮһ㲻һյСεĻȴᶨ쳣
ζʱȻһЦٻʢѽ·ᾣǵ·һ·ƽ̹
ʵڹŷﻹһ⣬Ǿȴûз׻ӰҪ˵ô磬Ӧ͵˲ŶԣҽεУӦûӰȴһֱûпɻ
Σûп׻ŷջ̲סʵ
һֻڹעŹŷϢμұĵڶ죬յϢһֱڣûеõ׻ȥϢҲɻ󲻽⣬һŷ⻰Щɻˣ𣿡
ŷһüҲɻ󣬡ҽɱ˴ƺ֮ǰѾˡ
֮ǰһȣѽ֮ǰ￪û⿪أôܹ
û⿪ţŷǲˣûʲôѵ˵ҲԼһǲйģɾǲйģҲӦõ˰
ѵɱƭңҲӦðûʲôƭңҿʱ̬ҲΪȻӦòƭҡ
ô£ŷôҲ벻ףǿڵŷ壬Ȱ鿴ɣüˣҲû׻Ӱأ
ŷ˵ͷֻռȲһˡ

ңԶĴɳڣӰ磬ҧѵǰš
ضΣҵĵطͿԵǸ߲ˡ
ٿӰȻ׻ӣ󣬻
ֻܣһɫ֣֣˺ʮ׸ֵУȻЩҡڲʱѵĿܣȻӲͦٿͷųֵˣȻ׻ˣ
ģǸģȴûյưһѪ䡣
ˣ̫ǿˣǰƬ绹ǿֻһױԴֲֵܹǲŲʮױѣ޷ټһᣬ׻ĶͷǺˮֱˣǰĿ͸һ˿η壬ҧߵļ˳ȵ
ô죿ѵǾˣǿǺòײҵİĲʣҲ֪ǰôͣȥǱɣǣǸſõģӦò٣Ϊҵǿǧ꣬ۿҪطˣȴ뾹Ȼص赲
ߣ֪ŪǸǲģ⼸ǧ඼ˣûҵ˵ʲôҩսַһԵġһЦҲǱ󡯵ġšסˣȻôܻϼǧʱ䣬ȥ˶Ҳҩսַ
ַԴҩ֮󣬾Ͳ֪жѰҹ˺üǧˣû˭ҵҪΪ硯̫̫ˣһ˵ַĳͼڣ룬ͼжٸ¶ûܹɣ
Ҳ죬ΪҲʼЩŵʵˣţԼүүе֪ģүү˵үүڼǧǰȥˣôģһүү˵ԼүүȻǼǧǰĳȥʲôģͿʼˡ
ΪүүǸǵΧɱҩеһ׷£Լүүȥʱ䣬ȻǡǡΧɱҩʱ޼ϢĪҲԼַܹ֪ˣ
˶ֻ֪Ҫ˭ҵҩսַǾ͵ӵĲƸһӣȫˣõúõĻȨԼŮˣͳͳӵС
Ȳ˵ҩҩ˵ǳսܹЩˣҪ֪żʮʮױԴԼǬıﰡ
ʮԴʲôǬ֮ǿߣ
Ǭʲôǿߣ
ıֻóһһɸˣοǼʮ
ǿѹеĿϲֿʼ׷ԼүүһЩϸڣүүܸүүֻ̫࣬Ǵŵ˵һλȻֻһŵķλȻҪˣΪֻҪŵķλôҵҩսַֻǳ£
ǣʹ£Ϊ˲Ϣ˵֪ɱ˫۵һɱԼүүȻԿʼѰ֮á
ǣȻ˴ŵķλͼʵ̫̫ˣλĵͼ磬Ų¼Ҫǣÿһ磬Ҫһʼ䲻ƵĻңòűʮ׵޷еˡ
ԣ֮£ֻҵԼѣԼ֪һ˵Ȼǲض˵ˣ˶ϲشӦһȥңҲƽ֣ǲƽ֣ǲҪҪǴӦʾˡ
ǣ˱þȫҲʼһһѰңЩһЩĵطͨ޷ȥģҲɱ˷ʱ䣬Ϊ˷㣬ÿһ磬ɱбȽݵˣȻݳ˵ģЩ˵ݣЩͨ˲ܽȥĵطȻҲͽȥˡ
ҲγһϰߣҲǸûʲôĵطͨ˲ܽģǶɱݵˣȻݣҲȷ·˲٣ܲңͽǰɽ׻ˣɾͳ⼸˵Ŀˡ
׻߸һŽĩڸ֣ʮױߵУȴһ㣬ûκı㱻ɱˣȻݳ׻뻪󻪶ģʼѰҡ
Ȼ粢ûʲôطͨ˲ܽģҲûȥˣҲһֱ׻˵ģһֱҵ˴ɳ
ô꣬ǵǮѾȫ⣬ҲܹҵһˣҲҲûǮټȥѰˡ
Ҳˣһ·ֱʵǼֲ˵ʱȴǺȻӦһ޵ĺѹǣҲǳ״˵


165 ҵַ
˶ظӦǹǿѹȻ㿴ңֿ㣬·𶼲ǰʵ
Ϻ㣬һơһڿˮͻȻתͷš׻Ͱ͵
ϺҲʹһĭ󡯵ĻҲûзӦľһƺ˹ȥֻһĴĸߴġֱӾͱһƸſ˵ϡ
ɡȴû˿ҲûںǺһ͵ںڣеĲҲ˿ϲǼ˵һ仰
ңǡǲһүǣȻᣬҲܹ⣬Ҳ˼ǧ꣬Ϊ֮ʣȴǷԼȻҵˣֵõķֲһʮ׸֣Ҳ̲סӯ
ңҵˣҵ˰УϺΪߣʮĩڣľҲֻʮڵǿһЩȷӦ˹شһΪľĲֲһˣŵæȶԼ񣬿ʼȫάֵת
벻벻ǾȻҵˣҩսַ󡯡ҲϺһ˹ϲشΪǶֵĻǺܿܶᵽȥйеϲˡ
һ뵽磬еĿϲʱɢ˲٣ҩսַΣǵʵ͹ȥ
ڣǸιȥɫЩѿ˿Ĭˣʵ
ΣطҵˣֻҪҵ˵طǾͲˣ˻ȥİ취ȥɡϺȽϳɣüƬ̺˵
ֻˡҲɫЩƵص˵ͷͬϺĽ顣
£ǿߣҲžŽ۷ѣǵΪ޷ȥ֪ܵˣֻˣֻҪǲ͸¶ȥ֪
ֻˣƵ̾һҲ֪£ֻ취ˡ

õĸо۵ҸȴһЩӬƻõ⾳Σŷŭˡ
˵ĻҲһθоۣʱʱĶỮһ˿˿ĸоǺλȴһŭˡ
λĵҲѵһ¶ŭ⣬һ¶ŭɫǾͱʾѾǼŭˡ
ŷ˫һĺλԼļĵӣѾŭĮصǣ𣿡
λһͿ˹ŷһ𣬿źˮ˵Ļܵģо޾裬ΪǰԹԼһȢΪޣΣҲض޸Լ
ǣӽͶ˵ĻʼһһнŸ׷飬رЩ֪Լ׳ˣеĺʲôΪǶĳЦ·Ĵǰģо޾衣
Ϊɷľ棬ҲɵŷΣ͸оԼĻˣ
߽ĩڵΪԸһ׳ǲСһ뵽߻ΣεʵɱǿֲҽˣΪˣǾͲС֮ĶԹˣ֮ĶԾ£Ƿֵġ
ԣְǼĵӴ˹ǼæסΣǶ߽׵ΪסһλǿԵģԼҪǰúõǸСһϲˣжôܣ
Ҳֻѣɷľ棬ɲɱ˹ŷ壬ɷһӣԼɱֳָʲô
һҲ㹻֤Լжô㣬Сжôˣ
ԣҲ룬Լ˹ݵĥţ£ýŲСӵϣǼƺأ
ԽԽò⣬ЩҪһ飡
һ˹ŷ˵ۣŷĻųѪں޲նɱ˴ˣʣȴնɱԼҲᱻɷǸɱԼ׶ܹסԼ
ԼСܱȵԣžٶѪѪҲֻǿѹǱ˵һǧ˰ٵ飬ܸɣ
նֽţӦûûģϾС֮£ûֳɷҲΪ˶뱦ɽ
־ֻ֣ͽܼˣλ񶾵뵽


166 
ٺ٣λһЦһ׳ڣȻ˵
һССףμӲеʸûУ벻ͨţ
£

ЩǶʱôЦеһĿȻЩˣûһʵ߽׵ģ֮ӣڹŷ壬Ȼǿġ
Щ˶μΪԣջεķĵͬʱȻǲŹγЦŷĻᣬ͹ԼԱжô㡣
νСȭͷһ㺮˪ǹŷ֣ڶһȥˣɲʲôģ˭˵ŷ壬͸ɱ
ŷʱȴЦ˵飬ȻǲֵģڿţǲȰ⼸ɱˣȻڱɽɱһȻأ
뷨ʯСѾǻԼɱһ֮󣬻ܣǾͲˣǳԵǲ
ڹŷ׼֮ʣȴüͷһ壬ҷҪѵ⼸ˣǲˡ
ҹУһ߸ߴĺڴ˹Įɨ˹ŷһۣȻޱתͷźλ˵ȥ
壬⡭λɫЩΪѣǰŷһϲжôأȴԼ׾ȻԼȥĵ׾Щˡ
˵ٺ֣ҪһĽˣ˵ʲô£ĲнһġĺڴȻûκα飬һʬһ㣬ҲԺλû˿֮⡣
λҧҧֲ游׵˼Ҳȷ縸˵ĲУһԺúһˣҲͲټ֣ɨһ鵭ĹŷһۣȻֳԵؿһۣȻһ֣һգת뿪ˡ
ЩҲǲмؿ˹ŷһۣû˵ʲôΪϾǱɽĵ̣ûкλǿɲҲֻиںλĺ棬뿪˴˵ء
Ǹڴ󣬲ǰɨ˹ŷһۣ޵һ⣬Ҳת뿪ˡ
ŷȴüվԭأ˫ۿźڴȥķܸоЩ죬ģ˵ʵֻоŽ׳ڣԼôһּΣոУ
ŷ壬ôˣ㲻Ҫˣʱ䣬ʱڱɱǱǣμŷһֱ˵Ϊæο
ŷһЦҡҡͷҲû˵Ǹڴ󺺣Ǻʵпɱˣ
ѽε˵ͷ͵ܹȥɱɱĳˣȴûġ
ŷȻͷμӲеģϵʵʱ򹥻̫ǿˣԷûмʱ䣬ɱԷҲǲܵ顣
Ǻǣôɱѽǿ׷ߡŷǺһЦεСӣЦ
һС죬ߣҲŲҪ׷أֲ׷ģ˵㣬㲻ɱʱҶɱ
˵˫ҲֱŶԷ۾Էеԣ΢΢Цһʱļ䣬ֻоҸޱȡ
ŷ̧֣ظξգϵĺΣλõеˮ⣬ĵױġ
ҲճյؿŰϤӣоԼȥҲֵˡ
ȻסļļͻȻͬʱѣȶһϲؿŶԷһۣеľϲҲֻԼ֪
ǻһԣŷĿЦ
ţҲôõģβס˷ۣŷĻͷ
θ˵ģʵڶٵͻƣһκ͹ŷͬʱͻˡ
һƹǸŷȻͻƣһӣҲͻˣͬʱͻƵģΣΪȫޱİ⣬ټһǣֱӾǵľͬʱõһΣǵͻƣȺ
˵ܹͻڶ٣ȫΪںһԭ򣬱ԴٵؼҲصķûκιɿѭǺ££ؤֻҪľܹõͻƾȻȻ顣
ٽһΣܲͻƵ٣ŷ˵ôһ䣬ְԼʹ˹ȥȻ⻰ǿЦģȻľ뱾޹ϵɸողͻ˵ڶ٣ôҲܽͻƵ١
ͨûطһƯС̧ۣС֣׼һ¡˫Ҳһλס˹ŷġ


167 үүĸ
Сʱ֡
εٴͨѪˮĴ۾ҲɣСҲ΢΢ſʱһƮ죬һֽʵ
ȴӰУջ˵ǰͬŵĵڵǳʢĵˣùŷĶѡ
ŹŷЩæ̧ذСַסͣ˵ҪˣǶѾôˣҪȥˡ
ŷЦЦηסԼ͵ѩָζʱ紥С֣һۣȴǾᡣ
Ǻǣ߰ɣȥŷǺһЦɿ˱ε֣ȻǣŲӣȥ
͵ռҵⶰֳȻǣԼʦȴûˣѾȥˡ
үү󲮣ĸһţŷɿεС֣Լ˵Ķ˺һ
ս˶ʱЦҲȻ͵ĵɴ˫ۣŹŷΣϲʵǣͻƵڶˣ
ΪȻܹһ۾Ϳŷͻ˵ڶٵģŷҲû֣ЦŵͷţǸոһͻƵġ
ХշԼѩûôӦǵΪɱս࣬һ㶣սе˼ǲǾϲؿǣȻû뵽ǳȥһˣȻͻ˵ڶ١
úúãҪŽ׸˰սʱãվߵŷߣȰؿο˵
üһҵȺհХҲæ˹һϲؿ޵
ŮͲҪȥˣ˯ɣǻкܶ໰Ҫ㡣ѩЦ
衭ζʱͱ仰˸ҡֱۣ
Ȼŷȷ˹ϵҼҲԼİɼΪ⣬ϾһŮĸ˵ôֱףɬۡ
ŷƤޱȣȻҲֱӲԼ˵Ľĸˣ⻰ͷӦõģǾʹˡ
ʲôģһˣХһĹŷļ򣬹Ц
ڵҲû˿Ҫֹζ֮뷨ˣʵҲΪ˲ԼֶŮһܵСӸƭˣڿܣԵԼ̫ˣ
ԼһþŽ۷壬ĶǱĽĶ󣬿ȴһʮСʵ͸ȷͬһЦȴû˿գԼֶŮȻԽǿԽˣ
ˣ°ɡշﻹôţĻ࣬ŷȴ֪Լоֹ¶۵ס
ɫҲ̫˱඼ʣŷ˽Խ࣬ҲԽľ
ŷҲû̫ʲôʹʲôȻҩʲôģȻҪģЩܣΣ˭Ҳ֪
ǲսǣ̫ˣһŪãͻᵼδ֪طĳǿǰʱ򣬿֪ôġ
һСʱʱѾ賿ˣȻ˵첻˯ûκ⣬ĵҲûʲô˽ˣҲ͸Ի˷ȥϢ
ѩŷ尲ŵķεԱߣҲ֪ǳ綼׵ģҲû̫Щѹŷķ䰲ź֮ҲԼķϢȥˡ
ڵĸ뿪󣬱ĵشԼķţҲ͹ŷ˵ʲôܵߣûӦ֮ʣż⣬չ촽ڹŷѵˮһ£ȻһܽԼķ֮Уءһ±ţʼնû͹ŷ˵һ仰
ŷЦſǽյķţ֪ڱԼİЦЦоǲܰ㣬תƿԼķţ˽ȥ
ⱦɽȻǵһƴ֣ӵ棬ȻõľŽԴ޵Ƥţ豭Ҳõõʯһɣ㲻̺棬ҲǶů
һᣬһĺģҲûɶȤˣȻԼһ裬ŪһͰˮҩҺ˽ȥʼ
ڶһ磬ŷ˴ϴһͽҩռ֮ڡ
һŷˣ˹͹ŷĴԴǵع˹ŷ壬Щ죬įˡ
Ȼ治ȱʳռҲúܣȴĵýһֱӿ£ʵΪˡ
ŷҲٻֻܲĴԴȻָͷԴ⣬Ȼ߽ݿ˿صҩƷ˵ͷһٳ˷䵱С


168 
顣
һҩռŷһЦ߹ȥš
ѽһЦŷĴ֣޺촽ڹŷһǣգŴ۾Ц
ûУҸոսҩռ䣬ȥ˼ֻԴ⡣ŷؿΣ͵
϶įˡС촽ƺܹóԹӡ
û취ǿ̫ˣֻίˡ
ţ߰ɣȥ緹ε˵ͷ֪ﲻųҲͲٶ˵ˣŹŷ֣˼粢¥ȥ
¥£սѾλϣɷȻҲˣսԱߣЦſŹͽ׼Ž׸֣ղս˵ˣŷͬʱͻ˵ڶ٣Ҳû̫ྪȡ
ɣĶվˡѩЦеָԱߵλ
緹ҲǷʢϾͲ˵ˣҲȫõĴʳɫζȫ⿴ģŵζ֪ζ϶Ϊġ
˯û𣿡ųţɷȻ̧ͷŵӿ˿ŷ壬ֳ˳Σʵ
ŷˣֻгĬ𣬶㶣ЩûӦɷбЦʱʱ˹˵϶˸ͷҲȥشɷĻһСһСڵسŶ۾̧ˡ
˵ϼһСǰôôأսһЦЦ
٣Ҿһ˯úòãôͲˣ
ʲô˼һ᲻ף
ô˼ˣϼһ˵

ͬС㳳ˣ˶ֻбտڲԣŷҴҵس˵㶫߿ˣȻ˵ļֻûˡ
ȻҲֻˣô꣬Ѿ͸ˣһжôںˣ·ֻصʱĴ棬ССҲ˼ˡ
ţ߶ʱ徻࣬·ϣ˷·ĲĻһ㣬ϼ䣬Ǹϼ䣬ԱߵĸҲǺ⣬ڶԷУֻжԷĴڣôȥˣ
ٴ˺ߣȻǧЩһЩСˣķӱϾޣôģɽȻǰŷˡ
ʵμУҪĲΪΪĽϪҩƵƷҩûеõһǰʮĽҲǼ䲻ġ
ݹŷ˽⣬ЩǸ󳬼ŵģԺǷ񣬵ʮʮһܹһ߼߼ôϡȱɶЩСԣȴǼΪ˲õĽˡ
ʮʮһǰ˼СΪ۲ģڵʮÿ˶Իһ˼ΪǿõһҩЧƷеҩ
ڶһ߼ҩЧƷߵҩԼһ˼ˣһȻϪƵһ߼ҩЧƷҩҲͬǰ˼ģЩͷܹˡ
ЩĵӣÿһжǺٻвμӵģͺñΣβǹŷҪμӵĻܹעȥעΪĵӣʲôȱͬҲȱȻǲˡ
ΪμӣλЩмμӵ֮Ҳ׷ǰμˣȻΪܹǰһչԼķɣΪ˵õ˵ע
ŷĳ֣ȴǵЩ뷨ʧܣҲӼᶨǲ뷨ڱϴܹŷ壬ȻٺúһοϲˣжôСԼжôǿָת⣬תͶԼĻأ
ŷȻǲ֪ԼѾΪЩǵĹͬܵĶˣ֪ҲͲںƶЩŽ۷һжûκѹ
ŷڶǲڱʱһˣǰҲҪһЩνӽӣȴû뵽Щ˾ȻôȻҲûȤǸʲô˼ԼƷҩǿȥһۡ
ŷεĵʱˣȻעøΣϢҲѾЩﴫˣ󲿷궼Ǵŵ⿴ŷ壬Ůģ󲿷ҲżʿΡ
ŷûȥںЩ˵ĵ⣬һע⣬ǸӦòİ꣬ȴŰ˽׳ڵΪˣĿǰΪֹĵһ¾а˽Ϊġ
ЩݣȴֲӪǾݣҲһٲжԼû¶ģֻԼһۣתԴȥ似ȥˡ
߰ɣȥҵñЩ˵ˡŷҲûעǸ꣬ȻʵĿǰΪֹɫģȴҲûʲô̫ĵط
ţȥɡҲΣ͹ŷ羰ĺɢɢȷʵ̫ˣֻдظˡ
ûȥռǱߣɱʯСѾǶȻҪȥǵġ
СѾ㿴˭ˡһţŷ㿴ڲԼʯСѾҲڸ졣
ʯСѾ̧ͷȥһΣ㶣˳С϶ʱ¶˷ܵЦݣϲ˵ǽ𣿣
ʯСѾദǼһֱģҲ֪γʲôεϢȴϤúܣҲ֪εֻ֣ннˡ
ȻһЦҲΪϲÿɰСѾͷģʯСѾĻɵ˵ͷǵģ벻СѾǵҡ
ȻǵѽСѾһӶ˹ŷͽأСѾͷһЦܵǣ֣ȴֲңܵһֻæͣ½Ų˵
ǺǣСѾԣԺͽνɣɿ˹ŷ֣Ȼ߹ȥǣʯСѾСԴЦ˵
СѾͷ˼ˣر㻹ôƯһĻæͷɵغν㡯˫۾гˡ
ŴʦС㡣Ҳæӭرǵŷǣ߽ʱǾһһ룬Ҳֻ϶ԷˣҲͻȻˡ
ǺǣôЦŶЦЦֳʯСͽϵ˵˵ͷǴкˡ
վſˣȥɡŷ֣ҲҵطʼŲ裬е
ϣŷռǱ˯ľڶѾһˣҲûʲô˼ˡ
ʱúܿ죬ת۱㵽˵ڶ糿ŷ嵹ûٽҩռˣֱŵһͬ¥ճ緹бɽǹȥˡ


169 ⣡
λǰʱѾˣλȥһŽ׳ڵ˹˵
ţ֪ˡսͷǵԼʵȻǻרǵġ
ʱɷǱҲѾ˹ˣʯСѾҲţ֮һ˱һͬȥǸˣҲǰ·
ж˲ŷں棬ŷʵ
мǧ˰ɡûж룬αش
ôˣǵñȵʲôʱȥŷƣҲ̫˰ɣôˣǵñȶȥ
Ҿ֪᲻ͷİɣʼʱǻսأȱ̭󲿷ˣȻǸ̨ｨô󣿡ڴЦһŷеĹâԽԽɾ㣬㲻һ԰Щȫɣ
ٺ٣ҵȷģҿûйȥһŷٺһЦ̭ˣֻҪһǫ̈̄ǲˣ
ѽѽҲûȤǴɱɱģʱһȫˮҲ˷ҪԼ͹ŷ̨ҵģرˡ
ս˵ĶһСµĻʱΪЩĬܹ󣬵ʱȥ֮󣬼¾Ͱȫ˸ˮЩƶǣɫ֪᲻̣
رɷһ⻰æ˼ȻһĴĴָٺټЦ޵뷨ܺúܺãʱɣ
ŷ˶һۣͬʱһͷȷ˵ȻͰƻˣ
ǰ·ǸɽľŽ׳ߣ˿̵ȴ͵ˣҲֻǵЦˣһ˽ĩڼһ׳ڣ˶ˮⲻЦ
ŷ磬ν㣬ǼͣСѾͷʱҲ˹СϾ壬ֻ£Ҳֻйŷν˵Ҳֻǿõ
˵Ȼŵ㣬ɱֳˡѩշﶼεؿˣô˵ʵﻹͦͬģҪһɳˣǶռҵżİģ
ǿ˿ɹŷûʵȲ˵ڶѾ׼Ž׸ˣҲ˵ڶõʲô似˵ŷһˣͿõˡ
һоնɱһ˵ģлвٰ˽ĩڵĸ֣Ը⼸ǧˣȻǲڻ£οڻ˸Ρ
İɣ裬ǻעġһЦæ˵
ţעͺˡշʱˣһ˵ÿ˵϶ǺҪģô˵ŷҲ϶ҪעˣʱֳλǼͶһܲˡ
ԴˣŷͲ֪ʲôֻлɱ
ٴߣûӽŷͱɽ˺ŵˣټĺϣȻѾΧ˸ˮйͨ㣬ҲжʮˣҺսɷ˵ݲλùȻҲŵĵط
ߴһһĸ̨ϣҲǧλʱѾ˴ˣʵƬǰ˽׾ŽףŽ۷Ҳʮ˵ЩЩ˻ƶˡ
սһЩŽ۷߾ȫӭһȶ䲻Ͷ䶼һλߵƣʱսԼɷҲûƽʱĺͰϹŵȻ΢ЦЩƶǺš
˵ռҵǸСѾͷɷͽܡһλķ֣һ߿˿ŷΣתͷսɷʵ
һ⻰Ҳ˵ˣսɷȴǿ϶Ļش
ʵյϢɷͽռҵƺѾȷ˰¹ϵɲС£˵ԺɱռҺܻܿͬˣһûиҵģҵһںϣǶЩһв
ǺǣͶϣЩģȻǲȥֹġս⻰Ҳ͵ǳˡ
Ȼǰ͵õϢսϣҲɶһݣָ˹׷ЦףصǺǣɲŮò
Ǳַ˹ŷεĲͬղǶûôȥעЩСһ֮£ʱǴʧɫǷ֣СȻǰ˽ĩΪ׼Ž׸֣
Ŀⲻɶڿû˼ȥβеĹھǲǣţᣬΪٹֻ꣬Ž۷
ǡʮף
һ뵽Щƶ˶о裬½ĸ֣֮ĹϵҪıһˡ


170 
Ȼֻǲ룬½ϣҲֻйŷпܳΪʮףᣬΪǳΪʮ׵ĿԣƲڰٷ֮ʮ
⻹˹ġ
βУûʲôñȵˡһŻ˿ŹŷΣЦ
˽ĩڲԼɵ˻ͷڳе뷨
ϵܣɲô˵ȻһҪǿЩҲûеֿ֮ģˣô˵ҲҪμӰɷЩؿ⼸ˣĲУԼŵɱߵȥģȻǲҰճǸʱԼμˣȺҲԼ˵ģʱջý
ˣȻŹĻᣬȻ仰һ˵⼸˵ɫѿҲû˵ʲôΪЩСѾ̨ߵˣɷô˵ˣȥЩСл֪ɷӻ˵Щʲôأ
ϵܣŷ˫ƽؿһۣ֪Ӧþ׻ĸף۹۾ˡ
ҿ˿ûз׻ӰȻûɽǣȥأ
ѵ˭ɱˣӦøˣ߾ûžŽ۷֣Ҳ϶һŽĩڣҪɱΪǾŽ۷֮ϣĸŽ۷ԽȥɱһСģ
ŷɻ󣬵Ҳûж룬ԺֻҪһ׻Ϣôˡ
ٺ٣Ҷ˰һԵúǳ漴һ˴滺ǰģһļΪС۵ӣ󣬺λһԹ޵ؿŹŷ壬ԱߣǸΪֻоŽ׳ڣȴŷһּΣյĺڴ󺺡
˵⿴òúСӣǱɽƶˣˡ
ŷ屾ΪûҰ½һƶˣӦִ͵ȴû뵽ȻСݵģʵЩˡ
Ҳȥòȡˣĵ׻ӾݵĽɫѶԸģԼӽ˳𣬵Ȼ̨ϻܻܿɱӣض᳹ŭԼҪСһˡ
ˣҪŷŹλȻǲܵģҪֱܹﱾģͺ֮ĹϵԼƭԼʼղԼĻôľͲܻͨȻڶ٣ҲͲܻͻơ
ֻĶΪľС
ԣλˣҲøѲƤ
ЩͷֻڹŷԺһˣȥϺλһۣתͷҧŶ˵Ļ
û뵽ŷô೤ǰȻôܵĶЩʱʱĿ⣬öȵʢĺõˣСķȴ˿˿ġ
ѽҶˣŷ廥ҧŶ˵һĻȻԼﻹҪ͸ģʱСһһѩɴͱСֵС
ʲôŷؿСŵѩɴʵ
͸أ⼸̫ҶˣȻһЦգգŴ۾һʲôѽ
šһԧ죿һŮӶϲ͸ԷԹŷ󣬲µ
ԣҲŲôûأŷ۵Сҡͷ
ǰǡ
ҲȫˣСʱЦ
ҾͲ²ˡŷʾ֭˰죬ûɿҡͷ
㿴ҲˣС֣ѩɴеĴҲ˳ŷһʱסˡ
ȷһסģѩɴϾȻǡǵļ
ŷĵһǶμ䣬װΡ
ζٹʱ䣬ȥ￴ɣŷؿεĴ۾ڣ죬Ѿӡεĺ촽ϡ
ˮĴ۾ʱһʲôʱȥ
ţٹһʱɣȵǵΪ˾Ž˵ŷ΢΢һЦιཿεСӣ˵
ţα֮͸һռҰɣΪ˾Ž׳ڣȻٻȥͷ˷ܵ˵
ȿȣע㡣ʱѩȴ˹εؿ˵С£ѵ
ղҧŶ˵ĻǻûʲôһǺؿŶԷģҪһ㣬Ͳòˡ
ζʱС࣬еѩɴݸ˹ŷҲͲ˵ˡ
ŷһЦӹεǳص۵Ȼźã͸ɲ㶪ҩռ䡣
۽ǿŷĶСϾЦһ仨ޱȣΧˣ޲׷ʧ
λζҪըˣ
ղŹŷ忴һۣӣŭѣܣҧŶ˵Ļۣλ͸һҸľЦգ޲ǰ˺˹ŷ塣
վԵǸڴУƳһۣλǻŭʱڱɽҪ˵µˣԼĸ֮⣬ˣ
˲֪֪Ϊġ
Ž۷壬ΪԼ׻ҪǿֻΪǰ׾ȹһصĸŸˣɽ֪ʵΪģҲֻԼ븸ףҲǱɽΪ֪ƣ
򣬾Ž۷ΪʵͬʱƶҲ򲻹һˣ͵ֵŽ۷ˣټϱɽŽ۷壬һǾŽ۷֣Ҳֻռܹ뱦ɽƽ
ҲΪʲôΪϣֻεԭˣɽǿΪɽɽĽӰˣ֮˿ɱȣ˭Լʸõεķĵģ
ޣͻȻֵˣ˹볹ѣԣڱʱҪҪɱͷ֮ޣ
ؿһΪµһһۣһλҧгݺٺЦӣͲµôˣﲻǱģǰ֪˹ŷεʵΪΪ𾪣һǾȻѾͻ˵ڶ٣ȫ׼Žǿˣ
ʣʵһ߽ڵԱģ¾ԷЬʸ񶼲ɣ
ԴҪУ
ȥ֪ߵغǴĵ׾ͿҪǵȹԼһԼΪ˱ľ֮ӦΪЧĻȥܱɽ
ЧҲ쵽ˣһԼҲ˵ĳŵԼһĶ飬ҲǱˡ
ںλӵǻƨ£


171 Ϫ
˵ʵڵǶԹŷоô೬ǿߣʼնƽˮʵ˳ڣȴûһ㽾񣬳ȵ͵ĳɾͣضƽ
һֱΪԼѾܲˣ򣬻Ұ½ϣųһҲδŹһֱĬĬţֻܹﵽΪ۷塣
ԣҲδ֪ڵͷͲںںģʵ
ǰ죬ŷʱҲΪǵʼΪˣҲû̫⣬죬Ƕ˫˫ͻƵڶʱĶԹŷᣬΪʣƺԼҪã
ֻǲ֪ʲôģҲӦ켶ɣ۲Źŷ壬аԲ²⵽
ŷƺӦʲôȻ̧ͷ˫һ̶ĺˮֱǸڴ󺺣ȴûڶԷзֶ⣬Ҳͷ
ʵŷڴʼմž裬ҪǸо̫ˣֻоŽ׳ΪȴԼо˼ȵΣգܲϳ
ѵΪԼҲ͸ŷﾪȵţȴû˿¶΢΢һЦ˵ͷ˸к
ȴǸڴ󺺱ϣȴ¶ѵһЦݣȻҲŹŷЦŵ˵ͷʾԼûж⡣
ŷ嵭һЦҲûȥעˣֻҪԼڶͺãΣգǿ󣬶ҪԼĸ¡
ʱŵļƶˣͻȻֹͣ˵۾±ߣϣҲ˸Ϊ͵Цݡ
ŷҲ˳ǵĿ⿴ȥֻһ̬ޱȵ˻̤˽ݣһ·ϣЩֺЦݸǿûһۣ۾ܿģǼƶʱ¶Цݣ̬ҲôưˣôôƺûаЩƶ˷
˭ȻôȻЩƶ˶ΪҲžŽڶѰ
ƺ˹ŷеɻתԴĵڹŷ˵ϪҩϪ
ŷȻ򣬹ֲأԭҩҲ̫Դ˰ɣѵͲ֪ŭЩǿߵĻʲôҩ
һ룬ҲˣЩƶҲԼʵһǿϪƵҩǵΪͬĪİΪԼΪô˵Ҳһ̵ġ
ң˵Ƶҩǲ⴫ģֻɽڲãԸ˵ЩҩĻҲ˵ʲôģϾɽϪҲֻǺϵǹ鸽˱ɽһ룬ȷԴʱ
ȻԸ˵Ҳ̫̫࣬ĻǾͶԱɽвˣºڵһʱɱ
ֻǸЩһţҲ㹻Щǿ۲ˣƷҩЧǹ漫ġ
ǺǣϪҩþòɺã۵׽һ˿ãҲֻһţΪԼΪô˵ҲҪùϵġ
˭֪ϪȴǸûȥĻ˫۷ŹضεľգҲƲĿˣе̰࣬һĿȻ
һÿĶüǳϲùʲôҩҩأԼɱ֮ȵʸûУһƶŲվ˹ŷı󣬱ܿǶĵĿ⡣
һζ㵽һϪͲˬһǰ꣬ΪϾ¶˲м̧ͷֻ°벿Źŷ壬ӸµŲɵȵӹ
ռɱȫˣû뵽˾Ȼ㣬һ˲ŭرΣС׼ˣŷʱȴһ֣һ̣ȻЦ
Ϥŷ˶ֻ֪ҪЦѾɱ⣬ЩҲ˲䰲ΪϪĬ
Ƕ֪ŷʵʵģ׼Žף򣬼켶似֮ʥЩǶԸһŽ۷ҲǴˣԸһŽڣֻе¶ѡ
ңҲͲںʲôҩҩģ͹ŷҩ츳ʲô⣿
ĳǿߣʱȴһϷģǺһüЩˣϪֵܣλСֵռҵŮɷͽܡ
ղҲ˹ŷʵΪȻ𾪣ȴû̫⣬ϾϪҲžŽڵΪ
ȴռҵŮɷǸӵͽܣһԼߵҲܹռٱˣңԱ߻ļ󳬼ƶڻţڣԲֵʱ


172 ȫ
Ϫʱһ㶣û뵽СС׾ȻݣرǶɷһֱܵη壬ΪһӣŭԼûʲôùӳԡ
Ҳĵ׷ݣܰŮ͸ңռҺɱԺԼһҩˣ
ٿһΣȴŷǽ˶סˣɲмһҲЩƶȥ
ŷȴǵһЦղ׼ɱˣȴǸڴ޵ضԼҡҡͷȻǽԼҪ̫嶯ĵ׺ɻôѵǱɽˣ
ŷȴҲΪӺڴ󺺵ûзһ⣬һ˿⣬Ȼ㲻ΪʲôԼҲûж룬ڱϾ˼ҵĵϣȷʵǲʺϴ㡣
ŷ壬ʲôʱҩͷôĿ˲ذѽ޷۵ĺ촽յŷߣ˵
ǺǣһƷˣҪƷҪʱСŷ嵭һЦһСζش
ţʱҩʦݣݺݵػ

Ϊ˸ղǼ£ռɱ˶ҩرɷĿģҲǳɷͺԤıŻɱϪһ㣬ŵ˵˺ߣŰһ㡣
༸ƶһ㵨СжɱһЦȴû¶˿ϾǶƷҩʵ۲úܡ
ȴɫЩѿˣȻ㵨ôСղΪλưⲻǶұɽ𣿺ְֵСҩԽԽˣֲܱ¶ֻܱͷȥ
ٴһᣬǱ߲Ѿ׼ʼˣΪεļ룬ռҵҲûμˣŷɱδռңһͬȥ
ʱǸ޴̨Ѿվˣ֮䶼վЩԶ඼ؿŶԷŵ±ʼЩ˻ȻԼ֡
λҲѾߵ̨ϣһԭվ˷׷׶λãȻǶԺλߵǼΪɵ
λ˵һЦղź屾׼ҪģΪڷ˹ŷεʵ֪εıȫĶˣôƶڣҲҲ˵֮£ֻ̨ˡ
̨ϵԽԽ࣬ŷһλվҲûȥЩ۾ԹԵ죬ƺ⼸ǧ˸һ㡣
λʱüͷǱȻӦŷʵ׳ڣɿڵģͲһ˿䱸ֻ׳ڣôܻɣ
ңҲӦεʵҲ׶ѣ֪ⲻܣοǴ½ϵĵһţʵԲֹô㣬ôСӵʵǲҲֹӦأ
ңֻ׳ڵΪʸûУôܱվ̨֮ϣ
һ룬͸ӿ϶ԼĲ룬ʵԲǲֹ׳ڣ
뵽һԼʵΪӦ϶Լǿ˲ֹһ㣬Լ˶࣬´Ҳܹռʲôˣ߻һʵͬڣɲΪŷʱλԹۣ
úǰʱûϼţǶɾͶˣλСžţҲźۼ˼ţȺȺôǿҲֵܵùô˵ģȵ֮ʣԼȥɣʱǿû˱͵ûϻʱ򻹲Լ塣
ò˵ȻЩԴ󣬵ԴӻǲģǰǱŷɵˣûô࣬һ侲Ϳ˱˿Ķ£ȷǲ̫ͷԷȣԿһԼ
ŷ˵죬ĸӦȴȫλźۼ˼ҲӦˣҲûȥΪԼ򲻿ӵѱֶϽŵˡ
˵ʵҪλϴҲƽôģϾԼô˵Ҳһ׼Ž׸ˣһ߽߼ƽЩҲʲô̫ʵ飬־͹ڣϴĲôԼΣҲβ˵ģȻԼ˵ĳˡ
ʱίҲ˺ߵί̨Щ˶ǸˣžŽ۷ΪХС
һȻһϵȴÿ˵ĶУ˶ίϯϵߡ
һĲеĹͬһǻսʱ䣬ֻҪһ򱻻ˮУɼеڶȶܼ򵥣ôһ˵ЩһǱˡ
˵ʼ⻰һ䣬˱˲óԼ˭Ҳûȹˣȴ˹ŷߡ
еģѹŷˮŮģλˮܲңŸտʼЩ˾׼Ȱѹŷθ̭ˡ
׼𣿡ŷ忴ҲûȥЩˣתͷЦʵ
׼ˣȻһЦͬɵػش
˵һȫûκֻȻȥ硣
ڣһ̲סˣɱԱߵߣŷֻ׶ѣʱԻܣΧȸ伸뷨Ҳǡǡ˵뷨
һͬһ˲ȫ߶ɱԱߵˣȻҲŲŷ˹ȥֻӭȴһתȻͨˮ
ŷó飬̸Ц䣬һƻӳһâҲûֻ֣ǰЩȫˮɡ
̶ѣŷαѾӳϰټâˣÿһâһˮܣûκ⣬Ҳûκ˿Եֵ
˶ˣǳµģǳսģؿһһ߲ϻӳâһŮֻоԼϵĺһſŻ䣬ġ
λҲֹͣ˼ˣĿɿڴؿŹŷ壬ôҲû뵽ˣȻа˽ĩڵΪ
ҪԷʲôΪӦһ취۲ԷĹǿҲһ취ŷʵʵǸӦӳâȴĸо⣬ǰ˽ĩǿ߲ӵеıǿȣ
˽ĩڣ
˶Լ۾ôǿΪǻǿܹܣΪǴ½һţСչֳʣأǰȴǸû˵ɾһˣȻҲӵʣһĶ⣬Щڼ֮ӵǣ׸ˡ
ôһĹȻӳߡ˰ٵâʱߡ˰ͬʱˮ
⻹ʲôȰ˼˽ĩڸǣԼ߾ˣҲ
˼һһߴ򻹱죬ԼȴԷֶˣ


173 
⻹ǱⴿŰ˵İ
˶ƣͬʱֳһͷܣ
Χ̨ܣǵĹȻȵһ˽˺кȻҲͿԽˣңԼ˳˳ؽڶ
һ뵽Щ˶ʱʼΧ̨ˣ취ҲȷЩãŷ˱һһģҲ˲١
һ취ãǶʱǴ˼Ѫһ㣬۾ֱضŹŷ˵ƣֻҪǵĻӣǾͻʹԱһˣҲȷʵò˶˹ȥ
ǣЩսʮˣĿؿ˲ʷΪһĻŮ̸Цػâ漸ǧ߶ͬ㣬һȥģȻвˮˣȴִ˲ƣȥģΪ׳ۡ
ʮˣЩƶˣҲЩίؿ˿ЦõһĻûһ˵ֻбԼʱʱˮ
⻹ëսȺУ֪˭ôһɤӣʱͬˮ͹ըˣ˶ͷӶ
ȥڣ˭õñǸȥ
ģ˽ĩڰСǧ꣡治֪Щǲǰ׻ˣ
˰ɣһǴǧأ߽ĩڣΪ磬ҲĨӰ
٣ǻô˵˼ʿ֣⼸мʵģ
⻰ûּģ˵˽ĩμУ⻹ʲô㣿
Ǿǣͷǲ˺ˮݰɴֱӰѵһڶǵˣʣµҲ
ûǵһڶҶָԻ뽱أ
ǰɣȥë
Զԡ
һʱ䣬ЩСͷͷսǿʼſԽԽЩίҲòһˣʵҲģڣһǾû˵ķˣ»ҪһЩƶ˲ܹᡣ
ǿΰ죿ȿʵ
ЩƶôҲû뵽˾ȻôǿƣȻ֪һĪˣһһˣЩȴǡ衯ܣЩ滹ǵĺ棬Ǹо档
ȻҲΪ¶ȶûеĻҲܵϳƶˣֻǣＫȵⲻ˵ˡ
ٺ٣ȥ£ɷƤֱЦЩԼǰֱNɪȴһƵƶˣò⡣
һһǧӽӽŮ޲ˣתǰ߹һ㲻һͽܻǿǿȥǿͽܺͽϱ
ȿȣ黹ǰЩԵǰɣѵһڶȻȶһɡ챤ƶˣҲǸֵøߣװûɷĻڶ˵
޳ɣ
Уôɣ
Ҳ޳ɣ
ƶҲæ޳ɵսҲһЦͷ޳ˡ
ɷҲûٶˣҪǰƼӵЩͷϰˣĿѾﵽȻǲ˵ʲôˡ
ǺãǾͽίǽһɡԸһˣǰȥԼ˵˼ȥȻʱ̨ȴͻ
ֻϻâĹŷζ˲ͣȻŷȻʼ˱ǺƵ˶Ϊ֮ݣ˶ؿʱͻȻ˫ǰһƣһ޴ޱȵĹ㳯ЩѾĲǺȥƣȻڰЩɱɰȫˮǴ´ġ
䡭
ԲһٶȣȺ֮УҲûзӦʱ䣬ȫ类ֳֻһ㣬Ӳر˶һʱ䣬ǧ˵ľԱΪ׳ۡ
⻹꣬ŷĿ磬˲Ͷλ˼˵ӰȻ͵̧˦֣৵ľǼâ⼸˳˹ȥ⼸â̺ȴǱǰӳҪǿü
ءƵƺǹˮڳ˵ĶУ˶ŵؿһĻƺΪλ֡
ٿλˣǾҽжûüֱӻ˹ȥǵ֫˲仯˷顣
ŷǵȴϾϣû֫ƷƷϵĴ˵ҩ˿Զ֫һӵΪҲǵΪֹˡ


174 ϴ
λʵˣʶŷǿʱ뷨
Ϊ֪ȻԷôǿô;Բܻ׷ŹԼģԼΣ¶һ˿ɱ֪Բһˣ
ȻȻʵǿ˵زﶼΪ𾪣ɸȴη壬ֲܣᱻЦȥҲţŷ幥ϵâԲ񹥻һҲѲƤ
Ϊ˲˳ЦҲΪ˲ˣֻиŴŶȥˣҲǸо衣
һ߾յظŴ󲿶һߺݶĥţǲǵȵĳʱֱ˰СӸɱˣ
ǵݣȻ׵úܡŷŰ˽ĩڵΪҲֵܵùŽ׸ְɣ
ңùһŽ׸֣ôĸܴӮ˰ɣڸĵλԸŽ׳ڸȥɱˣûκģ
Ȼʽתǻûĥ͸ôһʱ͸оһǿ󵽲ɿܵϮ͵İԼ֮Уоؿһ𣬱˹ȥ
ڻ֮ʱǵ۽⣬ÿԼֽžȻʼ飬д֮ʣʧȥʶ
޲ǲ𾪹ŷǿҲ𾪺λ֫٣𾪹ŷ徹Ȼ⼸˵֫Ҫ֪⼸ˣЩĺӵܰ
أ
͵һεĿ֣һվµӣվΪ촷ۣٿɫȴѾһ㽴ϡ
ƶ˲ͬƶˣ˵źüٸӣͲ̫ںôһȴֻкλôһӣΪֳȱݣϰٸŮ˹İٶǰõ˺λôһȻǵ˱񣬶أȴֱӱ˼âֽţ
ڵѪ
ŭзڣ
Ȼ֪λŷ֮ĶԹģȻϴҲɺѺλлȥˣʱҲռɱֵ̫
ǣôҲû뵽СȻôȻֱԼӵ֫͵Զֻܵˣ
˵ˣֱ˵ĺãΪ֫ҪƷϵĴ˵ҩּҩ˭а
еıôģǵĶӵӾͲˣɷɫ䣬о˺Թŷεɱ⣬һڱҲƴֻҪڶ֣ͻԥһ
ߣɵģû˵ȫǹģղѾǺԵˣΪСӻҪϼƣҲյվ˵мٸӣҲӰңӵʻٸӵбȽϳڵģȴֱӱŷˣɫȻҲÿȥ
٣ǵʵҪǿ£ͽ䲻ˣȻҪϼƣɷٺһЦЩĸСζ
ǿʶ
ôǿʶˣѵǵŪŪ˼ңͲŪĶӣ
ſʼˣ巴侲һǿѹеɱ⣬Ƴһһ΢Цսֿ˿Ĭƶˣ׼⼸ƶ˵뷨ֻڶ
⼸ƶУҲǵӵܶŷ֫ģ챤۹ľûбϣΪǵӵϴβûŷ巢ѣף˵ģҲûˡ
˫۹۹ӵܣȴǶˣҲϴںλҹŷ鷳֮һǣ۹һͬǾǶӶ࣬ʧôһ㲻ʲô£ǵȻҲͲΪ˶ռɱˡ
ң˫۹۹ռɱ׽ĻôԼҲܹռʲôˣ챤۹һֱռҽãǵӵûˣǿ϶վռɱǱߵģԼߣͬҲĴ󳬼ȻԼߵĳǿ߿϶ҪһģҲû̫Ĳ࣬ʤҲǲʤ
ĿѹŷǧУҲֻֻеȽһᣬԼӱˣ
ʱɷҲѾֹͣҪǸоϵɱѾȥ֪첻ᷢʲôˣһҲͲٳȥˣϾǶݳˣٳȥǾʧˡ
ǺǣɷͽҲȷʵֺ˵㣬αذȫأǺƽ飬Һαأҿô˰ɣ챤ߵ˺ϣǷ϶ЦͬշЦǺǵ
ţ⻰˵ò˫ԭЩСԹҲȷ˵㡣۹ȻҲŵ˺ϣúĵ׶ǴһȻӶ࣬ҲԼĶӰôûƵãƺеƫռǱߣ
ʵ۹˫۹ƶҲôռҽˣȻҲһӣջ𣬿۹ȴǲʲôˡ
ιŷεĳ֣ǿʲôô׼Ž׵Ϊôʮ׵ĿԼ󼫴󣬶һǲʮ׵ΪôԼ˵ĩˡ
ܹռɱվͬһϵĻܹ˻úôҲ˵
ɽЩķչȷǷǳǿˣȴû˭вʮ׵ǱиҩΣҩĸҲܹͻʮףȻʮ׸ˣ
ԣվǿıɽߣվڸǱռߣܻõĺôضҪȺͱɽͬһߺõö࣡
ǲ֪ǻ˶Ϲˣ۹ⶼûеĻǵĵ۹Ҳͱ˼Ҹ̲ˣͲҪϵط˱ɽѡռɱ
ĿˣɫҲΪѿǵǻۣȻһˣʵҲ˫۹һ뷨ǣһֱǱɽʵѣռɱĹϵܲãкռͬһߵ뷨˼ҲûӦأ
ɷռЦеؿ÷̵ĺԼﵱȻҲ֪˫۹뷨ֺ£ôܾܾ΢ЦŶ˵ͷʾԼѺá
Դӱɽһʮ׸֣Ϫļ󣬾ͿʼѸٵ׳ôЩһֱռŵһͷǼ룬ȥռһ̲ǳ顣
Ϊŷεĳ֣ǳ׵ƽľ棬½ĸҲؽϴƣ˵ܹɱɽǷ˵ܹǳƽҲǺܺõһˡ
٣ǰǰ㣬ɽһģһһͬظɵˡ


175 ɣ
˵òǺ¡ݺݵغһѹзŭɫؿЩתӪļƶˣƽ˵
ΪԭԼⷽȥ˶ԷǱߣͳס˵ĻôҲͲ䵱ɽˡ
εıȻ嶼˵ˣҲͲٶԣѾǿտյ̨Щʵ
ıЩȫˮˣ˭Ŀǰ±ԣûٽȥˡ
˼춷ٽһ׶εıԣֱһ־ʤʮȻǱȶʱԵʵʵΣλΣﻹ˼ȥ󣬴½ĸϴƣҪúıһˣȡȡİ
޳ɡ
Ҳ޳ɡ
ƶ˷׷׳ͬҲͬû˼ȥ
ǺãǾͷԸȥɡ嵭ͷû˿飬Աߵ˷Ըһ˱æίϯȥ
ŷ壬ǲᱻɣ̨ϣοһȫĲߣһЦ̡
ᣬûֽţһʱҲͲǡŷҡҡͷԵˮЦ˵
Լֵķִյúܺãһƾ͸ɵǣǱ߽׵ΪһСʱͲǡ
ңȻҲ϶ǵģֻһҲǵΪֹˡ
ղΪʲôֱӰɱأκʵɲΪŷǴ󷢴ȱô϶ĵġ
ɱףĻ϶뱦ɽˣ˭ҲֲáҷǣΪ˳֮⣬Ҫ˿ǵʵǱأЩӦû뷨ˣ½ĸ֣Ҫ˶ãҲͻᷢ仯ˡŷ˸ǵĹâЩƶ˵λӣȻ˵
ŷ߿˫۹Щԭɽƶˣ׷׶¶һ˿ЦŹŷ˵ͷⷬʾã֤ŷһƶûа׷ѡ
Ҳתͷ˹ȥЩѺõЦʱ˹ղŹŷΪʲôֻǷ˺λˡ
ղţŷֱӻɱǵĻôԺݵԸ񣬺пܾͻɱǸʱ˫۹ƶ˻þͿǺˣЩҲѡʱ϶սľˣʱ֪˶ˣҪģռⷽʥ֣ҲӮˡ
ںλȻ˷ˣûҲΪ˶ԪȥսһضȻı׼Ϊӱ֮£һҲ͵ǸЩѡʱ䣬ҲЩܹȫˡ
ʵβ֪ڵȴҲ޿κΣڲ벻ˣܴܲˡ
˫۹۹۹ƶ˵۹⣬ɲЩƶ˿֮ȵģֻһŷ˵ǱǱѾ˸ԵľǾͱʾռǷһ󳬼ɱˣԼⷽȴԼ󳬼Լڵ۷ǿ߶࣬Ҳ޷Կ
ҲôģŷǱǿΣֻҪáȫƷҩЩ˲ٴԼⷽˣԣȻҩȻռɱ
ӹŷϣѾ˼вûɳ֮ǰɱĻôɽĵλܾܿͻΪʷԣΪвֻиƷҩ⣬ȥЩһͬռɱ
ãеãĺףǰ׻ˡ
أǱˣҲܲڴһЦɲǵķ绪עǵ˶ʧ񣬵ԼȴûȥЩˣУѾֻʣ°ɵĴڡ
߰ɣαѾûʲôˡŷֹ˹εСӣ˵
ţһף׼ŷЯ̨ʱȴֹŷ嶯ûɻػعͷôˣﲻ
ŷһЦ˿ʮߵȺֿ˿ϯЩߵƶˣ˹ǣȻҪչǵʵø˼ǣô𺳵İɣ
ʲôλû˵꣬Ȼ뵽ʲôٴһЦСҲ˷ܣţǾ𺳵ģ
˵꣬˱Ϭͷų˱죬㹻һϵ£Яֻգֱʮ״ֹͣ˼
ȫţЩƶˣҲǱſڽ࣬·𲻸Լ۾һ㣬̧ʹ˫ۣһĻȷʵģʱһĿɿڴ
Уôܣѵʮ׸֣
ʮ˶ŵؿŰǶɰ˶ͬʱ仰УһƬҡ
˵Ž۷֣ڿƬ̣ڸߴʱģֱӴӵɵУǾͲǿˣķУ
ȥʮʮףȺУһ˲˼ľȻ󣬿ŵİ£һըף˶˲䱻ը˹籩ľҲʼ
ʲôʮ׸֣
ɣǣӦòʮ׸ְɡ
᣿ôɵģɸҿ
⡭
˵иƨ
룬Ӧĳ켶似һŵ˵
͡ҿӱżˣ似ԷУЩƶôԷɣǿʼǸˣЦһʵ

˵˰ɣҿӶŸˣ
ʼǸŵģΪܷеߣʱ߳ŭˣһԼ˵ľȻֻһߣԼˣȴǰ˽ףǴŭֱץסǸ˾Ϳʼһٿᣬһ˺ѷεزҽ
ûȥעΪƵƵţ󲿷˻ǲʮ׵ģҪǣҲ̫˲ˡ
ʮ׸Ҳˣʮ׸ҲǿţᣬһôҲˣҲ̶Ȱ
ȻǲŹŷ˵ʵʮףҲ֪οԷеģһԿ϶ǣʵʮףѾȫپκǿˡ
ܹУⱾʹһֲܵľأټϱʵֲŽ۷Χɱǣ£Ҳܹߣ
ŷΣǣ֣һͬʣ·Щ˵ҲǳţҪġֻչԼʵ
ͷƣ·ԺˮգһŮ
еһۣˣ˶ߴŮһѩɴվټʱʱȺӷɹɾ£ɷǹۿŮ


176 켶
ƶ˿̨ϣ󳬼ֶ㶵ؿǻŮֱ£սɷˣôҲ벻ͨôġ
ϴδռҵЩѾûѥӣսǸͲ֪ʥѥӻԷɵġ
ңʥķͬʱضӫֻҪѪˣôϸͿʲôˣϿһ˫ƽƽѥӣû˻Ϊһ˫ʥѥӣЩƶҲûѹŷܷɵԭѥϡ
ҲǹŷΪʲôѡ취չʾʵˣĿǰ֪Լӵʥ£ʥҲռɱƣȻǲʾ˵ġ
գ⡭ԭֻлƶС۾ʱڵɵ㶹ôˣռⷽϵǱȽϺõģҲûʲô˼ɡ
⻰һʳ༸ƶҲ׷׿˹ҲתͷǵɫȴǸˡ
ŷ˵ⷬչʾЩƶԼЩʵƶ˶ӼᶨԼѡǵ£ƻ˼ĴҲû̫ģţƷҩû˿Ծܾ
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˵ݼѾ͵¯ĵزһĪЦ⣬Щ˸סˣ۹ҲԽԽҪ֪ҲܹеĻɾ͵绢ǵʵٵһ࣡
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ǫ˺üغϣƽϢޱ飬Ͽκ쳣˵Ȼǻһô⽱ȷŸǰɣѽǺҲҪȥϢϢˡ
ҪϢǼ٣׼ȥ£Щ棬Ҳû˵ƣ˵ͷĽ£ҲҪȥٺúһˣЩߵıѾû˼ȥˡ
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ղŹŷ˷ͷΪʣٿŷεСշȥģǶʻˡ
ȻҲĿǰľƣͲںЩϣԼҩЩƶ˰ͽԼأôܻῪԼ
˶һ㶵ؿưޱȵҩͬʱһͷˣÿԣ
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ΪԶȴ󣬵һ޴ʯͷˮһ㣬ˮ˺ü׸ߣûڱ˶һȻ
ЩƶˣͷһɱĹŷ壬ȴǾһǷ֣ղŹŷ֣ǾȻҲֻǿһӰѣĶ壬ȻͰϪһŸ˳ȥ
˵ʲô˵ŷʵ֮ǿԶԶֹ˽ĩڵΪ
ʵۺʵΪȴֻž磬һǿΪֻһ棬Ҫģۺʵ
ղһţ磬ЩŽ۷嶼ֻܿһӰҪԼ˳֣Լһñ
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ǰ˽ĩڣ׼Ž׸֣ҲܹŽ۷尡
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һ뵽ûȥˮϪˣ۾޲̵ؿŷ壬Щһ˿̰㱻־ѹ
켶Ұ½ϣߴ󳬼һÿһҶֻӵһ켶似ȻɷѾһǹŷʦʱ͸ġ䡷˲֪ˡ
ɷ֮⣬ռҲֻһΪŷ廹ȵȥռ֮͸Ǳ䡷Ҳһֱûó
󳬼УҲֻ۹һ켶ȵ似켶似ˣҲ۹žһֱȾĴ۹֮һĹǿ۹۹ɹȴȽ˭Ҳκβ˭һԿ켶ϡԼǿˡ
ŷղһţ켶ٶȼӳɲſ֮⣬Ǿ޷԰˽ĩڵʵ̶ȵģǿԿ϶ŷ壬ӵһ켶似
켶ӵҲֻҪӵ켶ɽ
һʼ˱սԼɷʱһˮͷܵ˽ţǴģҲ˲䰲Ȼŷ嶼켶ôΪǵĳôûУ
սɷĹǼƶ˵г͵ģӵ켶ӵпԷе˭˭Ӯ治˵
ңǾ򲻹Ҳдȥô͵ǳ׿ռɱˣҪǽˣ붼룡
侲Ǽ̰ƶҲ˹һ£ȴǲԼͬȷһ£ǾǣϧһдۣҪռɱΪѣ


177 һ߷
ӵ侲սɷһЦҲƽƵҲûȥǣΪ˭һ켶϶˱֡
ڹŷζˣռҲ֪ŷӵ켶似飬򣬲ܱ֤Ҳ᲻ᶯˡ
ɫѾҶˣﶼһ˿⣬Ҳһ˿ģٷ֮ʮǱΪʮ׵ߣԷУ켶
Щ治֪Ʒҩﻹܲˣһ룬ǿԷУӵ켶ǻôУֽ켶
Ȼܡ
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ʪͷһɫˮݣһһش£رһˮϣһֻзֻзǯʹǯסǸˮݣ߶һ˦һ˦ģڵǧ
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ﶼ¶һģλȥһҪúԼԼӵһҪٴεˣ˶ûȥԩ
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ΣѾʸӵеˡ
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ԼԼӵܲȥǵľˣµʱ򶼲Ҫŷ嶯ˣԼЩѲƤ
ʵǰ˲ţģ£ҲΪǸͲм
ѾŹŷѧˣҲ˹ŷһֱ˵ôһ仰ԼˣȻҪĴɱˣȻиʲô壿


178 ҩ
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Ҫҩͷģûذ˹ŷһۣʵ
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صռңХỹûлϾίҲڱսɷշ̸ηչ
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һʱ䣬ŷ嶼ͣϢҩһƿƿŵİƿҲװһȻѾٶƿ
ˣЩӦòˣŷ忴Ŷ˵İƿص˵ͷ
ٶƿҩټʣǧƿӦ㹻ַЩԼˣÿҸһƿһǿʵģһ˵ģͷѾܲˡ
߰ɣЩҩүүȥȥŰɣҩռ䣬ŷƣ̫ѨΪ˿Ҳƣ
һ첻ͣϢƣǾǿҲЩֲ֧סˣҪΪ㹻ߣڿ¶Ѿˡ
ڹŷ׼߳ȥʱȴһ͵ذԼסŷɻתͷȴεĴ۾УǴŵˮ
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⻰һ˵ȴǺһ£չԼ޵ĺ촽

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ζŮûԷϸҪȥԷ˰ɣѩԺе˶ʱѣ˴ʼ·
ˣϾȥŷæӦУҲеΡ
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ѽζʱ;һ˲סԼġѪͷߵöҿŷһˡ
΢ѣžһЩҵķ˿˿Ȼܺ죬ҲӦÿʲôˡ
߰ɣòĸõˡŷε裬ӦѩȻ⣬һЦ˵
šε˵ͷȻﻹܻɬһ룬Լ밮ȷ˹ϵȣȻҲûʲô˼ˡ
ţѩȻҲǺֵؿŷһۣΪˣô֪ܲǸղڷʲôȴҲûж˵ǳ綼̤һģңԼӣƺҲܲ
衭ϼסĸ׵֣ЩŤ벻ڵغһ
ˣǾҲãѩЦЦεֱЦ˵
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Ǻǣ߰߰ɣԷȥˣүүǶءѩŮģˣҲͲٶ˵ʲôˣĿ͵ɨЩεĹŷһۣһЦһͬ¥ȥ
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һŷ⻰սɷ˶ʱ˹ŷ⣬æϲʵЩҩ׼͸Щģ
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ȻÿһһƷߵҩʦĴڣ˼һںͷȴڴˣرԼƵҩҩЧǰ˼ģϪҩϪƵҩҩЧһѾܹܶˡ
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ɷҲЦŨŨԼͽĿͣҲЩԺͽԽǿԽڣԼʦģҲմⰡ
ҴҳԹХȲҹŷҪҩˣҩ£ȻշȥˣЩ˵ռⷽˣʵ˵ʸսɷݣȻǲȥԸʸԼȥˣԽݡ
ŷҲϻһ֣ǧƿҩͳ˴УХǿʵһ룬շ˵һ룬Ȼ΢һЩסȥ
һ磬ɽ׷ˣ糿ӿʼƶ˾ԴŸ߲½ǰռҰݷãЩƶ޲˵ҪһռҵŮκιŷͲ¥Ҳֻա
ⲢӰЩ˵飬ҲûΪŷڰףʮƷߵҩʦҩЧǰ˼ģʵ׼ŽףЩڣǰͽᶼأôܻ˼ڰף
սɷҲЦϣ趼˼ʮÿһλƶˣǾҪźȸϴּҲȥ˺üΣɡִ˲ƣԹԡı½ֵһ죬ЩƶҲ׷ǰʸǺȸٺ裬ǶĸԸ
ЩԼ֮⣬Щûб͵ҩһϢҲܹݷãȻûյκͷⲢӰʸռⷽɽǷѳɶ֣ʱ򲻾ùϵԺҪʸܶûǻˣ
ռⷽͥǡǡ෴ɽⷽſȸԴŸ߲ڱɽȴЩĵ˵Ҫݷõƶǣɵ㼸СʱһӰԽԽڣҲɻЩôûʱһɽ˴æϻϢѹĻˡ


180 Ӧ
쵰
һϢ͵һǰӣƷĲ豭Ҷʱɢһأ⻹ֱһƻ˳ȥͰǰ˸ĳ࣬ȴû𱸣ΪЩ߲ǣĵҲѹŭ𣬺޲ȥɱһúйһŭ
Ҫ͵͵ȥռɱ˸ɵڼҲֻŽ۷ѣǱɽŽ۷壬ɵ練ƣֻҪٶȿ죬ЩûӦ֮ǰµĻǽǱɽ£һϺһдɷ
⻰һļŽ۷峤Ҳ׷׸ͣһվɱء
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ǣԼⷽŽ۷壬кڣҲɲ˼ҰСԷУսɷѵܷɣ
һ򲽽޷УԼܹⷽٷ֮ûӦ֮ǰɵ˼ңսɷ޲ʵô׸ɵģ
ܻû˵˼ңͱЩռǷذΧ˰ɣ
ڣΪĵģǽ½ĸ֣ɽĵλˣռһ᲻⼸ЩΧ˱ɽˣôƶ˵İΧ£ԼˣܲܳŹʮغϣ˵
Щǣһ⻰ʱԣʱŷڿշУǿɶģǿɲΪս˲ɣ
ʱҲ˴ҴҸˣȻҲϢŵ亹ֱһ뷨ռʱЩɽھڱɽڲҪǻ治ѣ
׼˵ȴֱһִˣ֪Ҫʲôʲô취ü˰죬Ҳûκνչ
һ̾磬Դӱɽʮһֱһ˳ģʲôʱ⣿
еԴʱƴɱ׼ĿһݣҧԸһЩ˶Ƕ࣬Ǳɽǵĵ̣˴½꣬̿ɲֹЩţԼĵϣܱȫ𿩣
ЩҲûаѸиȫʱռĻԱɽЩĵ̣þͻ䣡
һԪŽ۷֣ǲɱģ⣬ҲǺĵ¡
ɵΣѵܴܣ嶪ˣ
˵ˣҲоһң˶ҧгݵĺǺʱܹرϪһҩ˼һ߽ﲻ˵Щƶ˻ˣ
һ뵽Ǹ쵰Ȼ׸ߵҩʦ˼ҩЧʮ꣬йһ㣬׵ˣҩʦҪ˸ʲôţпʶƷϵĴʦ
ʦ
ǿڴ˵еˣԹҰ½ʹδֹһʦҩʦģ츳ǿģΨһһͻƷҩʦҲ֪ϪѣҲһֱ˽ԭ
ڣǸ˵ĳ֣ȴǰĽӲش飬ɺ޵ǣԼû
صͷһޣһ£ԼҩͷõҲǸ˵ʵʱһȻǳ䲻⣬һȻ֣Լ׼Ҳͬס
Ϊ仹ţŶ󰡣ҩ츳ʷǿʣҲʷߣ
ѵϪǸ쵰ϪĿͣȻԺ֮͵һ⣬˫ۣҲ
ҩԣ϶ûҩ
츳ǱԼ֪ߵȥˣɾͻƷҩʦҲض޷ƳƷҩ
ҩǼģ˵ƷģƷƷҩҲһ󣬶ƷҩҰ½ϣҲֻϪŶѣһǿʵģһ࣬Ǳġ
ҩǰҩʦʱһлõģҲǴΪһҩʦġ
Ϫֵܣôˣ̧۱㿴Ϫһ˷ܵģʱʹΪջ𣬱ɽΣˣ㻹ͦ˷ܣ
֣㲻صˣϪûע⵽Լ϶ԼգһЦΪ򶨡
üͷ廹ǰסͷĻʵϪΪ˵
ٺ٣룬½ҲֻϪӵƷҩŷܹΪƷҩʦΣûҩҲȻϪǵ⣬ٺһЦ͵
Ŀʱһ԰ûҩȻƷƷΣ
ллϪֵˣϲҲ˲˵ʲôˣԸˣȥϢɢȥЩѡѡ񣡺ߣҿռһӦԣ
ľʱ䣬һЩռҴĳЩЭˣôǹͱȽˣԱҪȥɢϢѡ
ռûƷҩǲ¶ûȥ£˵ƷƷģ½Ҳǲ࣬ռôõóƷģ
Ըȥ󣬺ɶˣ·Ը˲裬ҲڴˣȴЩƶǰݷá
֪ϢֻҪЩ˲֪ȥ¾ˣϪҲڳϺĵؿ£ˣһĵ뽾
ʱ䲻ˣɽʱҲӦжҪЩѡ֮ǰǳռϡ
ȻںΪȲʤȯʱϢûȫɢȥռұٴδһ˵Ϣ
ǣӵƷҩӵƷеߵȵģ
Ϣǰٷ֮ʵֻΪռֱӰҩ˳ȻóֻǼ򻯹˵ģȻñ͵ѧȥҲѾ˵Ʒҩ
ңϪҩ߼


181 ֮
һϢǸ䶯ˣԭЩԥĴССҲûκγɣ׷ǰȥռҰݷãأսɷҲʲôߺȱֱʵܲסˣЩһХշȥдˡ
ȻɽССһмټңķ֮һԭ뱦ɽϵȽģռⷽҲЩìܣķ֮ʸҲѹ˱ɽľ
ڱɽڣϢĺ壬ȻǴһٻصûˣǱѹƲסı˳ڵʲôģ̼仯Ϊ촷ۡ
ϪҲ˵ˣԴޱȣǰĵ⽾ء
ʵʱȲ˼ңҩ츳Ҳʮǧ˼ҲƷҩеߵȵģԼΨһƣܾԼҩʦȼ˼Ҹһװɣ
ǡ츳׷Լͼ༸ʮĹ
ϪڲѣںԼΪʲôôЩֻͼ֣˼ȡˣҪԼҩȻͬǰǰŬĻԼڿܶƷиߵҩʦ˰ɣ
Ѿˡ
˫͸һ˿Σ취вͨʽѳɶˣղµбɽԴҲִȥԼҲų˸ӦʱעЩĶ
ĵƺǶģӦһ죬ռǱ߳˲ʱиƶ˽֮⣬ԵúƽռɷҲûмЩƶ̸ʲô£ȻӦǲıˣҲĵײ˿
Ȼ֪ڲŸոսˣϵôȹ̣ṥɽĿԼСȴòСģʹ괬
˼ռǱߵĶһ쳣֪ͨңȥϢһᡣһʱ̸ӦҲоһͷǵģƤӶڴˣ֮£ֻôԸһ󣬱Լȥ׼ȥϢˡ
˵Ϊ첻˯ûʲô£ڲľ״̬£Ӧһ죬˭ܲˡ
İԼӣһŽ۷Ϊĳվ˳˵
š˵ͷܿƵشһǷ㲻ٶ˵ת뿪˴
ߺ󣬳Ǹ֮⣬ҲȥϢȥˣϪĿȴһﲻ֪Щʲô

ҩռڣŷӵ滨ݵҩ԰УǶĻһɢĲݣƺһƬ˼ɾһ㣬ޱȡ
뿪𣿡εпڹŷļϣʵ
ţڻʺϴ˵ĳưԣ浶ǹĸɣɶԷŷӵε磬ͷ͵
αѩһ룬֪˹ŷ뷨ȻһЦ㵹ǺƣͲ±ɽٴ׳Ҫ֪ôĵ̣ɽɲֹأ
Ǻǣе̣ѵǾû𣿶ңѱɽΣЩʸǣΪбɽǷǣţһȱɽǷˣôЩ˳ȥγһɽ
ΪʲôˮĴ۾ɻʵ
ЩʸʸˣǾԲưԴ½ģֲɵӣһ̫ǿˣôһ̲ĺܾܿˣΪ˱֤ǵĵλȻǲǵóѵġŷ΢΢һЦ͵
ԭѽһڻܹһͳ½أλȻͷŷôһͣҲΪʲôүүǲɽˡ
ʵҲǲͳһŷ˵һڳԲӣֻֻ޵ȥʳǵ׳Լȵռʵ㹻ǿʱҲͳһ½ʱˡҪʱܻἫࡣ
ͷأҲŲͳͳһֻЩ£үүǲȥɣζʱͲˣҲֻһʰˣȴû뵽ܳôһΡ
У˵ˣȥɣȻĸֵˣŷʱ䣬ͺһͬվȻһ˷䵱С
Ȼһڷ䵱УǵŷһӦüͷ¥£ƺһλ֮ͣ


182 ̰Ĵۣ֮
ʲôȻҲӦǸ˵Ĵڣǲϲֹ
ȥһ֪ˣȻϪĵùŷЩɻ⣬Ҳû̫⣬βˣһűǡ
ŮεүүһЩ¡һѩ˵
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ǲ֪ôдİ
ŷЦһȴҲûϷ뿴ҩʲô
ֵܣǰеܹ֮ԭ£ûս˵ϪվŹŷһȭҲʱ¶һ˿֮ɫƺιŷܹԭһ㡣
ŷ㶣֪һԼһ߷ˣԼԭ£ļǵãʱĿжôԹģĿ⣬޲ðԼǧˡ
ѵǺģ뻺һĹϵ
սһ仰˻
ŷ壬ռҺģ뱦ɽսŷɻ󲻽ģЦŸ͵
ŷʱͻȻˣϪ֪ɽ˥ѳɶ֣ʸռˣ£ҪʸռңҪǶԼҩɣ
Ǵĺ̰治֪֪󣬻ʲôˣ

ǣ붼룡
һЦŷ忪˵ԭϪͷԣӴЧռҰɡ
˶ʱһ㶣սɷ¶Ц⣬Ȼһ۱ܹϪʵģԲŻйŷ鶨ᣬϾҩǹŷóģңҩǵģҲ϶ģйŷôһ޴ǱҩʦڣбҪںϪֻռҡҩ
Ϫһϱֳһ˿ŭ⣬Ȼ֪ŷҩ츳Լǿϼ࣬Լô˵Ҳҩ½ƷߵҩʦռⷽǱضǲܾġ
ȴû뵽쵰ȻҪԼЧռңǵˣԼҩݣǰռҺȴҪ
ߣռҵʵ̫ˣҸʲ𣡡Ϫŭһת׼ȥˣΪԼôռҵһῪסԼģô˵ԼҲҩǣȴ붼Ҫ߳ſˣȻûκζʱǰġ
ںԸɽԴ׼еʱ뿪ɽĴˡ
֪ɽ¾ҪӴ˥ȥˣ˼󣬾ԼȥռҺĺãռƷҩʵ۲ýֻҪԼƷиߵȵҩټԼѾƷȵĶ壬ֻҪŬŬܹͻƵƷеˣʱιŷǿһʱҲԼҩĽŲ
ڱɽĻԼͻƵƷеҩʦûҩҲǰϹԣںϢ֮ʣ˸˳ռ׼뱦ɽģʽռҺˣû뵽ȴôһʱЩ㷡
֪жôģƽʱԼͰмӣһ֪Լ뱦ɽռҵĴĻôԼɣ
ôźãϪĽŲɷߵſڣôҲ̧̤һˣһ̣ǵҲʧһգƺʵԼĽ̫ˣ
ôϪˣϪʼṳ̂ţתϵı粻ŷһЦʵ
Ƭ̣ϪԼǵʵ̫ȫˣԼ뷨Ҳ̫ˣûððʧʧǰռңҲãҲУҧҧǺºıҲȫȻûĽԴһ˿ؿŹŷ˵ֵܣ㿴Ͷռң𣿡
Сŷҡҡͷ࣬ȴǴһֲɵ
ϪҪˣɣֻҪԼתˣ쵰ԼǰͶϢɢȥԼܹռң򣬱ضᱻɱˣ
Ҳ֪Ŀǰľ£ûĸԼģռⷽõģԼôضռҽԹռڵǰûĸɵµġ
ڱɽǷģҲͬǲԼˣǱŭеĺҲ϶ɱԼԼ뱦ɽӶռңȫڴڴɽ
ԣƺ˼ռһ·֮⣬ѡ
ǺڲѣԼôͻͷ˼ҵҩΪԼҩֻҪԼҪԸռҾͱضԼɵ㾳أǺã
ѵҪĲɣǿɾռ˰
ŷҲ˵ЦϣŲ裬һߺţһߵȴϪľ
ʵŷ岢ںӲ룬ԼҪ˶ãͻƵƷҩʦˣһ룬ԼܲȥռҩɣҲôһȥ
ֻҪˣôͲõʲôˡ
ԣҲŵȼ֣֮ԣֻҪˣô;ܱˣһѣԴ޳ʱǩԼһ˲³ˣֻҪԣŷҲרռҩˡ
һ̾ϪʱһǷϣ֪Լҩݣ˼ƨ㲻ϣ
ðɣҾͷ԰ɣϪܵĹ޾ɵġ
Ǻǣû⣡ȻϪֿǺˣôͷǸѪ԰ɣŷ죬Ц˵˵ĻȴϪ˲԰ֽ
ѪԾеȼߵˣԼһؼصķκ˶أΥ߱
㣬㣬㡭ϪָŹŷָһӲ˵һ仰ʱʱһ˿Թʱʱһ˿־壬ɫʱʱףôһ֮һ뵽ԴͽĶֶΣͲشһ
ǵǰһ˱ɽİ˽ߣץӲ˰ĥ£Ҫˣ͸ҩƣһƺãֿʼĥ˷ֱǸ˳׵ĥþ֮󣬲նɱ
ȻԼ뱦ɽǺĹϵȴ֪ԺԸ񣬲ŲԼǲǺĹϵԼͽԴﲻ˿ȥ
뵽ϪǧʣڣҲֻˣ־ֻܹԼ̫ԴˣΪҩݣ˭ͽᣬڣǳ˽Ŀ
ɣһжѾӡ
˰ˣȻѪԾ͵ĵĻǲȥģҪģǲȥĿˣ
⣬ҲǲҵеĴ˰ɣ


183 
Ȼû·ϪҲͲ˿ԥ̬ȣʳָָҧһڣʱѪ˳Ҳׯϵؿʼԡ
ңϪڴѪġ
ӽԺҽӴЧռңƴӣΥ֮أ䣬ǻûüµѪҺͷ·һΧһһεƮУγһѪȻ˲ûĶͷУԣҲһЧ
ϪݼλҲûκ˼ǶΣҲ˲乧ˣ˶ĵĿ⣬ҲתΪ˹֮ɫ
⵹ԵãҲֻԺƲȴԼ뷨
ȴ֪ӽ͵ռҵūˣҪøãֻ˵ģȻռŰҲֻţһķȴֻôһ³
ԺܿҵԼĶλԹŷԹޣԼɫ죬ȻѾǻΪ˷ɻң˿뷨ˡ
ս˶Щ˵ʵǶûлعտʼʱǸûһҩȻΪռҵūͣڵʵǵԽЩת
ҩ˵˹ŷǸͲںʲôҩҩˣɲô˵ҲʵʵڵƷҩʦһЩ뷨跨ҪͽĶȴռҵūͣ
ϲԣȻԵת䣬ȷǵ֮⣬ȴ֮Уܵ˵һУֻܹԼԴ뽾񣬻жҩ̰ˡ
Ҳ̵ôһ仰˼̿Υɻ
ǺǣȻ鸽ռˣôҲ͹һ°ɣռϵľϲԶ׼Ϫļ룬йŷôҩʦڣռң벻ǿʢˣ
ϪңվһԾǡϪҲѾȫذԼ̬Ϊǫ
ŷһڲ裬˵
ǣƺŷĻսĻЧһ⻰Ϫٶ˵ʲôˣߵĩβҲûһ쳣ֻй
ŷղǾ仰ʵҲǴ̽˼ȻԣᱳˣҲֻǲܱռҶѣ˵ҩȫȫȥƵĻҲԼġ
ŷҲһֱ۾ڿĴĵ뷨Լܴ۾￴һ˿ղŵ˫۵Уŷ忴ֻйûκŷҲ֪ȷĹ鸽ˣҲͳ׵ķ
ôڻղǰֶĿĻͰҲҷſġŷȻתͷԼߵЦ
ĸС죬ŷ仰СڳʵǿԶݸһЦȻ֪ŷ⻰ǿЦģΣ˭ĶôСȻǰϪ˳ռңȻŷ廹Ļ
֪ŷ⻰˵ЦģϪȻ̲סƤһæ̧ͷһֺõЦ⿴ΣϣҪӹŷĻȻֻܱ
͡˼ҰɡοϪĵЦɾһЦ˳û˹ŷһ£ڴЦ
Ҳûгڳŷ˳ƾץסε֣󣬸оǷ뻬ۣޱȡ
ͺ˺죬˳ûҲֻˣȴЩС۵ġ
ս˵ûʲôΪŷ飬ʲôʲôĶΪһ㶼Ťһ˸е顣
ɷ͸˵ˣ˾һˣ͸ͲںôԼȻҲСӡôһƺţһ㣬ŷʦͽһˡ
ХᣬǾȥϪռҵϢɢȥҪе֪սĿ⾼񣬺ȻתͷХշԸ
ǣ²˳٣æӦһȥɢϢȥˡ
˶֪ս⣬޷ЩռҵøŽᣬҲٺݺݵشһαɽһδҪ½˶֪ǱɽѾû䣬ҲǵǸ޷ĵһˣ
ʵҪģҪЩž޴Ǳתռɽһ֧Ϫҩ뵽ռˣһū͵ʽб˵ռҵǿ
οռһŹŷλŰٷ֮ʮԳΪʮ׵ľţǰ߸һƷߵҩʦҩЧǰ˼ģЩڣЩûɵģ¶ΪܹռҶԴ
ռҵ𣬽Ʋɵ


184 ռҵĸ
Ϣܿɢ˳ȥСʱе඼֪ôһըԵϢ
ɽһ֧ϪҩϪռңңū͵ʽ룡
û˻ỳϢʵԣΪֱڣɽһûгҥռҵĵλҲԲܴϢ
˶ըˣʸռⷽȻϲޣϪļ룬ǽҲܻøĺôҲ˵ɽǷˣٴγĬЩƶҲǺڲѣô͵˱ɽأ
쵰쵰쵰ķһŽ׳վſڣͷҲҿŭеĺһֻۣʱʱıŭ
硭֮£еƷȫѵѣķ飬Ȼ޷ȥؿڵڣɱˡ
ղŻûϢһᣬææؽʱΪռǱʲôˣæͷſ˸ӦȴǱߵȻƽûйļ
һϪȻ˱ɽתū͵ʽռҵϢ󣬶ʱͷõ̶̼ʱ䣬ɽĵλһ·»ڣҩתƣñɽĵλ͹ȣôЩĵ۷ֵ£챤֮ˣ
ڻռң忴ûˣǺһתͷǸͷ˵ʵ
ǵģռ֮һֱûгˣʹˡռҵϢǸСػشϢŭ֮»ɱԼ
ˮ˸ͬһĺݶâ֪Ѱ˼ʲô

գҲ½½뿪˱ɽɽȴһϢ͹ĻѾ޷ʹˡ
͹Ļ޷ʹǲܵģΪⶫͲỵֻҪԴʹãⶫ˼ҵģ˼ҲʹãҲû취飬ЩƶȻһǲɽȴҲֻܿȥĳУٴͻȥˡ
ŷҲɻɽܸоһЩԾĵطɵﲻԾҲ벻ףֻգһ̲뿪
ߣǸ㲻ףΪʲôʹô͹ĻѵǲУԴɣŷһһͷռҸŵ߽ﱳϲУһ·һĲˣǲɽ
ŷȴЦεС֣û˵ɲűɽʹô͹ĻΪ˳϶ĳЩģҲ²˾ٵڣ۵ȴһ˿衣
Ȼ²ŷҲòˣˮڣۺʲôͼ棬塣
ιŷҲҪһȥռҵģ׼ռȰʵŽףȻһ㡣
ɷǷֿˣڴ½Ѿ˸Եת䣬ҲҪ׼һЩصˣѾһ뿪ˡ
ʯСѾˣǸŽһͬǰңνҼҲˣȻǵһʱʸռߣŹŷһϵڣһҼ֮λǰٷ֮ٵѡ
ԣһ·ϣҲֻսХᣬշѩΣŷ壬ԼǸԭռӵܺͼռҵΪū͵ϪһҲֻвʮ˶ѡ
뱦ɽĳУҲҪһҲܵεʽռһҪ찲ȥߵñȽϼҲֻڳԷʱϢһ£Ҳͬͣĸ·Щûһʵ߽׵ģʶǿˣǲôں˱
Ҫһڵ·̣ȴֻ˶̶ʱ㵽ˣȻǳصĴ͹ĻҲûгʲô⣬㴫ռҵһ͹Ļ
ֳȻÿһҶһ͹Ļģռҵ͹ĻﻹʱһŽĩڸţҲΪ˷ֹЩ͹ռҲġ
⻹ǹŷһռңķ羰ɽҲ˿ɽˮ续ɾҲΪĳ棬°빦Ч
˸һӴ͹ĻפŽĩ߾غһȻתͷХ˴һкŷϪʱȻһ㶣ƺ뵽ʲôҲЦŵ˵ͷ˸к
ŷȻǻһ΢ЦϪǱȭһƺֻҪռҵĸ߲㣬˹ȫȻѾٰԼҩˡ
ȻģȷյӦеĻرƷҩŷҲռ䳭¼һݸսҲūͿռҸ߲еʲôҲʲô˿ûп
͹ĻռҵıԵشԻҪһξռҵڣҲͲͣռҵĴȥ
ս˻ϢЩ߲Ա֪ܿˣͷæ˹δ½ƸıϢѾ½˷ܵĪռҵˣһĹŷ壬ЩȻҪһˡ
ڴ»ûһᣬЩ֪Ϣռ˱㼱ææˣսȳ˸кȻĿⶼԼͬؾۼߵĹŷϣϣҲżƵЦ⡣
󣬱εĸλ̵ǵĿҲǿ˹ŷ壬ֱһϸ֮ռҵĸ߲ĵˡ
ŷҲ֪ռҵĵ̵жôˣ˵ǼŽ۷֣ǾŽĩڵģжʮλŽڵĸʮŽ׳ڵľͲ˵ˣһû£ģв°λˡ
֪ռһıɽŶٸֵĴˡ
ɰѩʼΪŷŮһһЩˣȻֻǽЩԼλ˵ϸߵģȻЩȫܻûϺһ
ŷ壬ε̣εүүүүǡŷֻоԼСװ㣬ͷҪˣϵЦҲˣߵļǿޱȣôʮˣҲ
ŮҺúƣε̿ŷԽԽ⣬رǳʣԵΪҲȻ֪ŷʵʵԼҩ츳ģͬҲܹпζİ⣬ҲԹŷŮǸˣȵѩŷЩ˺ЦݵضŹŷ֣ŷӦһҲæ˹ȥ
ʱҲѾ˵ϸ˵Ļȵŷ߽ϸǶŹŷһһЦݵص˵ͷȻȻŷְ֣εֵٰһο飬ððҹŮ۹ⲻһܲСӰ
ζʱһЦЩС˵ǵȻҲ˭Ů
ѽСϲ˵Щģ⻰ҵǺϲϸ˿ЦоǴȰЦ⡣


185 ɽط
ռҵЩ߲Ϥ֮ЩֶԹŷһޣ½˶֪˹ŷĴڣ׼ŽʵƷߵҩʦȵȸ־򣬶ȻЩ߲󷹺ĳ̸⡣
Ȼвм󲿷˶ܼʹŷģεĽߺ֮࣬ȴŷ˷ģЩȻǶԹŷĽʺޡ
ôĽôʺޣҲı䲻ʵֻȻ˵ؽʵĬĬףҸڹŷ壬ǶˣͲȥôȥף
ΧŷĻ⣬һȺ˳˼䣬㵽˳Էĵڣʮ˰˴룬ŷ屾ȥЩСһģȴֱӱսеһȥҲϸ£ȻǱ˹ŷռҽݡ
ЩСҲԴûκβⱾʵΪ磬ŷǿ츳ЩСѣȻǲʲôģҪ˵ռܹתƣΪ½һҪԭڹŷأҪһչ֣ôܻôʸռң
ϣŷǾЩǼȻЩСǱ㿪ʼľˣŷ߲ܣΪʣǰ׺ȣҲһ⣡
ԣһٷٶȵúǾ⣬Ա㣬Щһ󣬱εĴ£ǰռҸԼŵķȥˡ
ȻѾȷ˹ϵȴʼṳ̂һסһ䣬˯һŴЩզܷŵÿġ
죬ŷ㰲ĵľסһר羰ĵطţϱǼΪҲȲţҪ˶ãܹ˳ͻƵŽ׳Ϊˡ
Ҳѱ˳ϢЩ̫ǿˣ⾪ˣŷҲȥռԱߵĴɽȥԼתȥˣɽúܣҲһЩһ׵ԴڣҲǶ
ڹŷռҵʱȴһΪԾϢڱɽʹô͹Ļһ㲻Ծ֮Ҳһ̳׵˹
ԭɽʹô͹ĻΪܹڰ;ж½ЩȻǲҶ½صģϾźüŽ۷ڣ½ؿɲô׵飬ǶµĶЩһˡ
Ȼɽ˶½ǲΪ˻ɱǣΪǳڱɽͷУҪЧҳΪÿɳȥ½صߵУһŽ۷ǿߴڣЩȴûд˵ȸ֣ЩѹЩֻˣ󲿷ֶԼӴЧұɽǼСһֲԸ⳼ģֱӱˡ
ˣɽһ½ٰ˳ɵĶһЩҲа˳ɶˣһϢҲʱ½ٴը˹ɽǷ˴ɣ֪Ϣ޲׷ŭû˸ܵɽȥֻڲ󷹺ָɽĲǣһʱ½𣬱ɽҲ׵Ļˡ
Դȴ֮ԱǣǰɽΪеģûôģΪռҵصӰ쵽˱ɽ棬Ϊ棬ʲô鲻
ǣܵ𣿣
ʵǿˣЩߣһҪ룿
ԣûںڳﻮţһΣôȥռң
ŷεĳ֣оһǰδеΣУҪռŻᰲģɽĵλҲŻһֱȹ̣һǵʮףǱɽֻٰˡ
ߣ벻Ȼ֮£ս͵һӣɫҲΪѿ
ŷҲüͷɽεĶѾˣҪռңȻЩʵһûоŽ۷ߴڣ϶ҧôŽ׸֣ռҾӵʥҲֵܹס
ǺݰɽȻôһ֣ʵǳ˵ˡ
ѵɽͲ±½Ⱥ֮Ҫ֪ð˴Υ
ԼʵвЩԼֱɱˣǰû˲ߺޡ
һ룬ŷҲ˹ֻҪʵǿ󣬻治²û˼룬ɽεȻŭ˲ˣΪ滹ûлݼͷϵԭһ㹻ĻЩ׵ģ»ڵһʱȥ뱦ɽǰʲôʲô֮ģһƨ
ߣΪռ󣿼ȻҪռңҲ֪֪ʲôǺڣսһߣˮ˫ҲһĨɱȻǶŭ


186 Ӧ֮
磬ҪôɣֱӴɱɽȥô㷢εүүһĿˣòҲԵúǴֿҲսֵܵСģʵȴǽս
ռһֵܣռϴ϶ѾϿȵвǾŽ۷ΪĵʲôֻоŽĩΪľ츳ȴǾˣռܹôˣܹ֧ôĻ˵ͷԷֲ
޳ĻȻЩʵһкܴһֶɽǿԵĹ˳ˣЩ̫ˣ̶̼ʱ䣬ɽ޷ȫ˼ùңЩʵԼûй˳ֻҪǼЩδؾͲ뱦ɽһս£ХҲǴ˵
ռҵһص㣬ƺշ˵ԵЩ֮⣬ˣսļֵܣХĶߴ࣬⣬һһʵòҲһһĴֿ
ŷ⼸µʱͻĥѪͳ治֪զôһձȻľɫŮ˵ġ
УȲ˵Щ˻᲻һȥɽǺһȥսǵҲǼ󣬱ɽĵƣɲֹ濴ЩշʵֻоŽĩڣȴΪأһХĻæҡͷ񶨵
ʲôռЩʥڣɽХǲķ
ĻȻʥڣʥҲǾ԰ٷ֮޵еģǲóȻǵʧἫ󣡡սʱ˵ˣΪռҼҪǵʵһڣХҲͲ˵ˣȴսؾ
С壬ΪĿǰľƸζ᣿ȴսȴתͷ΢Цŷʵ
ŷһû뵽սȻԼļʮλռҸ߲ǵĿҲת˹ŷ壬һ΢Ц˵
룬ŷҲ̹Ȼ˵Լ뷨Ϊαɽⷬ޷Ǿ£ռңҪռε̫ͷˣǿҵΣУΪ˵һͷԪҲǣȻǿ϶ʳʱ̶Ҫעռһ᲻ͻȻȥǡ
ս͵ص˵ͷЦţ˵ò˵
ȻǾƴŴԪҪռҵĻôȥǻߵȴûκ𡣡ŷ˵ǼȻҪǵĴ㣬ǿ϶˵ɽʮİյģû㵽ռʥĴڣôҲܾ˵ĳ棬̫ˡ
ŷ廰һ䣬˶һüҲΪĵ飬ռһǼÿһλ߲㶼һǶʹչŷĻռ뱦ɽһضһսô˵䣬޷ˡ
뵽Щ˵ж¶һ˿֮ɫҲס˹ŷ֣Сдǳ
˽ĬȻһ̾ռһֱΪ˵ȥռҲȥӦսͿԱˣαɽⷬȻǱҪ׸ռĸ󻼣ս󣬾ʤˣڵǣʣ¼أ
Ҳʮ֮һ˰ɣ
εСץùŷֽأʾĵǣȻ۽ƳŷϴŵĵЦ⣬ش۾æʵŷ壬нİ취Բԣ
ĬеԴϲļ́ͷŷ忴ŷһ˿ʱڴǲ±ɽʧȥԼˣԣҲ뱦ɽȥӲƴ
ǺǣС壬ʲô취Ϳ˵ɣˣշЦЦ˵
ʵ˵취Ҳʲô취ӦûеôġƬ̣ŷ˵ҵ뷨ǣɽҪռңôѡǲǰĻ϶ϺüڵʱܵǸʱǿյϢһ׼Ǳضͨ͹ĻȻ⽫һ޷ӴͷѣɱɽҲþòֻҪܹռңǻ֮ĲƲҲϧ
ռҵĴ͹Ļÿζֻܴʮ˹ֻҪǰЩûй˳ɽľŽϵĸȫڴ͹ĻǳʮˣǾٶȸɵʮˣǳ٣Ǿ͸ɵ٣һɽͻϮҲͲˡ
˶һ㶣û뵽Ȼô򵥣һ룬ƺҲȷ˼򵥣ֻҪоŽϵĸֶÿγʮˣ֮ļȻֻж̶̼룬ɶЩ˵룬ѾԾʤˣ
ȥô򵥣ĳɤνʤռ˵ѪͳɤǾأ񣬺ռ˶ѾϤըףҲû̫Ű
ǰ뷨ǽͬˣôȥԱɽĹϮôȥټʧˣûַȥܺúܺã˿ɽѡǰ򣬷޷ʲôʧռҹһشЦȫȻûǰصǣȷǰ뷨ЩţǼ⣬ڱŷһѣоƺҲô⣬αɽѡְ취ĻƱؽһĥĲʹ䣡
Ц̵ؽŹŷڣָ˹ռˣ˰ԺСԴڹŷļ˵
ŷһЦֻԹˣ취öãɽתԣתǰĻҲûʲô취ˡ
ǿɲһżŽ۷һ֣ʮʮжˣˣҪǣˣ˻֪ŷ˵Сȫ˶ˣХЦ
ǺǣԸ岻гɣȻַȻвͨŷ˵ͷŽ۷ֿɲô׾ͻᱻɱģ˵Ž۷ͬʱ֣һ취ЩˣԴϼһ֣취Ҳûʲô֮ˡ
С˵òΪһʧڿʼǾҪһ׼ˣսˡ
ǣҲ֪Ƿǳʱڣ˿׷ЦݣӦ
һ˱ٴһЩϸ⣬Ĵ㣬˹ŷĵѣҲٻȥţǼˣٳһϵеӦӦ԰취ϵЦݣҲ˲١
һȺһ磬ϣХշԣͱսųȥټЩûй˳ɽȥˡ
ڸⶼӦ֮ߣֻټЩǰ׼ˡ
ڶ糿ХἸ˴ϢȴٴռҸ߲㶼˳ĬС


187 ֻиɣ
Х˼ƻڰЩȫ߱ģȴֻһϣѾȫ߸ˡ
ֻΪЩȻֻвʮ֮һͬռһͬɽˣܣ˵ʵֱӾܾ
ХἸ˺ջ𣬿ȴֲɽǰǿԵǹ˳ռңΪԴӱɽô֮Щ˾裬ʵģʱܵ׼ʵ㹻ģʱս׼
ʵХҲЩôȫһɽۻȵܾ֮ٳ̣Ǵžžֱ졣
ߣ֮ҲҪûʵˣεүүʯһŭɫһǲм
ЩܾʵǿҲֻǾŽĩΪѣʵµͷԼñհɣ
Щ֮⣬Щ棬Ҳֻ˫۹ͬˣ챤۹۹ˣԼЩʣս
⻰ս̲סŭˣɫˣôܻ᲻֪Щ뷨
Ƕڴţȵռ뱦ɽܾ֮ٱĳȻռչ飬Ϫŷҩʦ͵ǵˣ
ҪǿɽһԪռҾһսǲŻѡվⷽڿɽӣҪռˣʱôܻȥռңǰͲԽԽأܻõȻҲ͸ˡ
ɽǷһжŽ۷ߣŷȻ̧ͷʵ
۹ҵĻӦǾҡȻ֪ŷʲôХҲû룬ش
˫۹أŷʵ

ŷ˵ͷ㣬ռһŽ۷֣ʦҲټ˫۹һҲŰѣһռκαˣҲʱֻܿԼܲܵһˣ
С壬ѵ˼ɰԭƻУշĿ磬ͷʲôĹŷʵ
ŷ˵ͷ˵ҵȷģɽǱһǾŽ۷֣߼Ҳа̫⣬ֻҪһλŽ۷֣ⷽһŽ۷ס˶Ҫڼڸɵ룬ô֣ɵǾŽ۷ĸ֣Ӧòʲô̫ɵɣ
ţҿֻˣҾ±ɽǱߵľŽ۷ֹ߲ʽɾͲֹˡշ˵ͷЩǵص
Ҳûа취飬ܲ˾ܰɣֻһһˣŷҡͷ˵
ռ˶̾һȻ֪νѣǰûοԣǻ̲סһգæˣȵ뱦ɽս꣬Ǿͽֱӵвˣ˵ģҲٴγ
治֪ôģռɣǱ˱ˣһͷһסХ͸㲻ˣô׶ʲô洦ѵΪŷӣϪתռңŭֻΪ˳ѣ
֪ʵ̻ںϣңɽһƣǾһ˭Ҳ֪ʥ
ɽռݵһô꣬ȻǲֹϿЩʥʮǿʧ֮ǰµģ˺֮⣬˭Ҳ֪ɽȻһʥĴڡ
úƣʥܹγɵսͿ֪ˣͬʱŽ۷ߣҲûܣһ㣬ɽⷽ͵ʮŽ۷ˣڶĸ֣㵽Щֻĳضռңôս϶һߵģս󣬾㱦ɽʧ˸һŽ۷֣ҲȻǵһԣ˼֮󣬺һٶ
ôҲܻ뵽ռһӵһٱʥģлһܹѪʥɽǱֻܴ⹥ʥ֪Ҫǿ˶٣Ҫ֪ЩҲͲײʵؾռˡ
أ˵ɶҲûˣֻиɣզغһɤӣĿ׺ݣɱڣƺϾҪ뱦ɽһƵġ
˶ӸһЦȴҲȻ࣬˵˵ʲôûˣֻɱ
ӣ붼ûȫȥҲһռ֮ˣȻΪ˵ȥʹȴԲΪȥ͵ԣֻԵ˵Ѫռҵϣ
ŷǵһЦΣԼĸͷҪѪˣ


188 ˷
Ҫһ𲢼սˣĵû˿£ڴɳʱʲôΣûо治±ɽ
ʱСĵ㣬ҪһظߣûУŷɫȻ˵
Ȼʵֻ׼ŽףľŽ׶ûɹŷȴԼܹΣֻԼߣܹȥɱС
ţİɣһظߵģȻһЦ۾˸ҸܹоõŷԼںʱȻܳΪŷ׸
ãǾͳñɽû⼸죬һʵȷʱܹԱŷ΢΢һЦ׼úܳ㣬սȴ˲Ϣ䣬ǲܰеضǽȥɽôҲµռⷽһټʥһ
ԣֻδѣԼʵߵ㣬ҲܶʵӦЩȷΣա
ֲСˣ⼸һŬģȡڱɽ֮ǰͻƵŽףε˵ף˵ȴǺܹŷֹġ
⣬ǰı֣ô
ŷһЦҲͲٶ˵ʼս˳һ⣬뵽ʲôҲÿÿһ飬ͱضһѪսˣرЩСǣҲԽԽ塣
죬ЩԸռҹͬеҲһҲϵģ˫۹ɱҲڽϵˣʱڴŲˮս졣
ŷҲϵûѾͻƵļޣΪ¶ģǹŷԼȻ⼸Ҳ˲٣ɻûеͻƵٽ㡣
Ϊ֮ǰξͱȹŷ˽ĩһʱ䣬Ļۿ϶ͱȹŷҪģԲŻһＫޡ
ŷҲ˶ˣƷҩţҪ˶ãҲܹˮɵͻˡ
˫۹۾һЩСߣЦҲƽƽİɫۣէһû˻Ϊһõ۾Ϊֻһͨͨ˰ˡ
˫ȴֳĲʱʱض¶һ˿ǵĹâŴǻ۵ˡ
ڱɽʱ򣬹ŷʶˣҲͲԵô֣ǵͷһЦ˸к
ͽ㻹Ҫòͻƣҵ˴ϢɽǱ⼸ƺ˴¾ͽһṥˡպ͵۾˸кɷ˻ɤؿ˵ٿϵı飬ȻһЦ⣬ƺûαɽϮ
ҪһҰɣĻۻ㡣ŷЦҡͷشȻֶɷһԵգգ۾Цãּˣ
ãƴˣּˡҲæ˸кﻹ᲻֪ŷʵΪڹŷ¼ͷѾ½ˣ˵ߣһЩƽն֪˹ŷĴڣΪɱĻƣȻҲ֪˹ŷġ
ʵʼһ˵ŷ¼ʱôҲŵģ׼ŽˣһƷߵҩʦģ
ԽԽ˵Ҳòˣ𾪵ͬʱиǰңҺûбһݵҩͷԣʱʲôʧȥǵ飬ҲԼڶѾһѿݹˣ
˿ɹŷʵһž߷ϪŽڣԸôһŽ׳ڣǻһжѣ
Ŷʶɷû뵽ŷȻʶɺʵ
ţҶμҵλõģȻһʱỹҲμҵڡŷͷ͵
μң˵μǰʱѾˣѵǱ㡭Ļ˫۹۾κȻʵ
ǵģǰμйһγԹŷϵ
ʱ䣬ŷһֱûв鵽׻κϢҲͲ±׻֪μұˣңҲ۹ǴھԵĵжԹϵ׻ǹȻã˳԰ˣûҲûϵԺҸᣬֱɱ۹ȥˣ
ȻһˣȻ˶μһĸõζʱͳ޵⻰ûʲôֺõĳɷ棬ΪȷǷĵĳޣɷսĿ⣬ҲɳĽ뵽ôûôһͽܻŮأ
ǵȻҲ˭ͽܣɷһ⣬ƺŷܹ˳ڣȫĹƵġ
ʵ˵ɷҲȷ˹ŷ岻ٵİͺ޲˽ؽ̵Ҳ׼һأʵĪãڹŷ嶼һֱϵأڹŷϴŵظԼɻ࣡
˽һЦ֪ŷн㾪ɾͣȫԼŬõģɷɶϵ
Դӹŷڱɽ֮󣬾Щ֮˿ʼȥŷ֮ǰԼˣò˵Щ˵ǿھϢҲΪˡ
ʲôżۣʲô򱦸ҩʦʲôǰʲôڶһμΣʲôȥĥµȵȵȵȣŷǰڹżסǸСӣСĴжƶ˸ֻû鵽ŷ崩ʲôɫˣ
Ȼǲ鵽ҲֻЩѣЩҲѲ飬żǿҲĩڣȥ׸ȥĻǻڹŷǰڹżҵκ
ڶһμʱǴιżҶҲڣһʱͿԵ֪ˣЩʲô̫Ѳ鵽顣
ڹŷȥϿȣӵ£ͲǿԲõˣҪ˶ã½˱֪ŷ廹ӵһͷ֮ģΪڱɽ֮ʱضҪæսģʱϢȻǻᴫȥġ
˵ڹŷҩĸ£ʱҲΪҲҪ˶ãҲͻƾŽ۷ˣʱǼŽ۷һܴͬڲ֮أ
ȻԳ֮
үү˶𣿡ŷǺ˿裬Ȼ̧ͷʵ
Ѿȫˡսͷش
ߵĸ׶ɽǱ߲٣ŷʵ
ȻսѾŪ£Ҳؾ˵۾Ž۷ǵȷǱȱɽһңŽ׳ĩڵģ޼ϣ˽µģߵȴҪһȴһ޴֡
սЩأЩͽǰһ϶ҧ˺սĻȻЩǿ߻첻ʲôӰ죬ȴܹǵı۷ǿƵǸΪˣɷжһ˿֮ɫ
ǰһ޴Ĳ࣡ŷ̾һס϶ҧ仰˼ԼʦԼʦĸѦ̣Ǳ˺սϿ
ʱվ۷ǿߣҲһ޵еģ
ǣҲһᱻͽɱ


189 꼴
ε۾ȻܹΣ֮ʻվռߣǾȻٲ˽ˡͻȻŷתͷε۾Ϊ˵
սХɷһ˹ŷҪ˵ʲôˣҲȥֹȲ˵Щʥģ˵ε۾ʱվߣ˵϶Ϊԭ򣬵Ҳ˵ĿǳԶģӦòΪ̰һЩǵ
ԣʥֱһʥûʲôġ
˵ŷôı飬֪Ҫ˵϶ǼΪشģǱҲ˵ͷ˵
ŷҲ˵ֱһһ˳ǹУս˵ʹõǳǹЩʥ泤ǹȻ࣬мѵģÿ͸ΣڽսʹĳɵսҲΰռҵĳˡ
ԼߵŽ۷ǿһŷе˳ǹʱֶʱһ£еĲ豭ǵƹһ죬Ҷˮһء
ʱﻹ˼ȥЩرΣ۾Ҳ벻ֱ֣ض˳ǹûǹâͳԡ
߰ڶ⻰ûģһ˳ǹ飬ҲͲˡ
ߵŽ۷ߣȴֳŨṴ̃һΧļŽ۷ߺе̰˲ϨˣǴǡ
⣬ʥʥһǼѵһڿˮĿҲ˹ŷ壬ǲŵʵ
Ȼŷ΢΢һЦó˳ǹʵҲǴ̽뷨棬˵ߵŽ۷һ̰˵ǱȽģԺʲô£ҲӦÿ԰ĵǺˡ
ղεûпסԼ̰ʲôǵĻŷ϶ԥսɷ˾͵նɱǣ뱦ɽ֮սϵش󣬲˿ĴڣŽ۷Լһ־Žĩµ߰æҲùһ
⣬͸ҵģ֪ŷܹó˳ǹǴģЩŵʵ
ʥȻһʥԼ
θоԼԴЩˣУȴΡ
ŷһЦֱһ˦֣Ͱ˳ǹΣææҵؽ˹Ǽ֮ɫ죬ȴѾû˵ˡ
ٿߵߣĽʥ۾Ȼһʥ
еĽŷҲͲ̽ˣЦʵõʲô
Ȼ㶣漴㷴Ӧ˹г˷뼤õǵ
ŷ˵ͷǿɾͶˣóһͶ
߶ʱ˫۷Ź⣬ͺƿû·Ůһ㣬θǲȻ˫һţ͵ȻһץסǱĵѣֱ
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벻벻ռҾȻʥһô࣬αɽˣһ仹һ˿˷ܣǿ϶˵
Ǻǣϣ˰ɡսһЦȻôʥڣǰ˶սɽˣûģȻֹ̫ۣҪǣЩ˽£ϵ˼һ࣡ܲܰѼȫʥɣ
ʱһռҾŽ׸ִҴææ˽Ҳ˲ʲôˣǽ
սҲûйִˣ飬֪·ʲôʲô£ɫҲϽʵ˵ʲô£
ҵȸոյϢ˵ǱɽѾʼˣ
ʲôô죿սһվʵ
ǵģѾȥɽǸ͹Ļˣ
̽ϵߣͳͳٶȸ͹ĻսҲ˲ȥôʱ֪ͨˣԸôһһٶȳ˴͹Ļ
ŷ弸ҲæϣҲû뵽ɽĶȻô죬أͻϮսپɣ
Ҳæȥִսȥˣνغռҵĳɰܣﻹ˿
ȹŷ˸ϵʱ򣬷ֱɽǱߵ˲ûйҲһǾŽĩµģϼʮٸûʲô£¾º˻һ
ʱϢĴεҲ½æˣȻҲûϵɽĶôѸ٣ǿŷʱҲԷ
һ˹ŷߣץס֣ʵŷ壬а𣿡
ȻŷΪľŽ׶ûȴ֪ŷʵʵģڵһХľŽ۷֣мܵټǻɱһŽ۷֣Ҳǲܵ飡
Ҫ֪ʥѥ֮⣬ǻӵǸףֻҪѻַſЩʮ׶ûߣôܹƣ
ȻǰҪ㹻ı֧ţǵıҲܹ¾Ž۷ʮιˣҲû̫ڵġ
ʤְɣŷЦЦλӦǿԵֵɱһŽ۷ģҲͿսһˡ
ս˶ӵʥֻ֣Ҫʱ㹻ǻɱԷҲǺпܵ飬ΪʥĳɵսЩ۷ֶԾһսǿԾһʤģοĳɣ
ǣ۷ǿ߿ɲô׾ͱɱģҪɱԷ϶Ҫʱģʱɽ߿¶Ѿˣŷ˵ʤ忪Ƕˡ
ҲԼⷽʤ㣬ֻܹռĳɶѣң⻹Ҫû֮ڣĳɵʤ㶼У
ŷǸڴ͹ĻԣֻҪ˳˲ɱİ취ҲǴڱ׶˵ģЩ۷ǿ߱ս˲סˣֻҪŽĩڸ֣취ҲͲôеͨˡ
ΪǴ͹ĻܹҲôһطΧһȦĻܹҲֻվһȦߣֲɣһȦߵס󣬹Ȼ޷䵽ЩϵģܹЩ˺ģҲֻǼʮˡ
һʵȽǿľŽĩڸֵĻǼʮͬʱҲܹ˲ɱǣֻҪȵһô߾ͻ½취ȻҲвͨˡ
ʱҲֻƴսˡ


190 
ʱҲȫˣһŵǧ˵ӡ
ռҵģ˫۹ɱ㣬Ϊռҵھһˡ
һԼңԼʮңԼʮҡ
²˳٣սʼЩŽ۷ǿȻҪվȦģĻʮŽĩڸбȽǿĴڡ
ڶţǽһЩľŽĩǿԼǿľŽˣԴƣǧ߱γһ޴ԲΣ⴫͹ĻΧˮйͨʱһֻӬɲȥˣ
ڹŷΣİţΪܹУǵӦ﷢ʲôɵΣգȥ
һж׼ֻȱɽ˹ˣ˾Ž۷ǿߣսڣģ
ʱһһعȥҲŷٻˣЩһʱǴʧɫֱ˳ضڹŷߺ󣬲֪ԭͷ֮ǹŷ
ޱȣεҲӶҪɳˣûиȻ֮
תһ룬ҲȻˣŷʣʷΪģ˭ʸһͷ֮ģ
Ȼˣε˻̲סһþöƽ
˵֮ǰŷչֳǱŰٷ֮ʮĿͻƵʮ׵Ļô֮ĳ֣ȴǱʾŰٷ֮ʮŵĿԽʮˣǰٷ֮һǿˡ
ԹʵͻƵģڹŷȴͲ⣬룬Ųʮѣֱͻ˱Դٵڶ٣ԣѾҪٶˡ
Ž۷߻࿴һۣ΢ɲػ˵ͷҲ͸żᶨĿ⣬ﶼ¶һģǺ־أ˫۹ᶨƵվռߣ
ЦһҩūͣһҩżǱͻʮ׵Ŀ֮ţһ֮Ŀǰ֪ʥ
ЩǲᶨǾɵˣ򣬽ҪᶨƵظ˼ң˼ҶһҪأ
μﶼֻţ챤ǽͷ֪Щ󣬲֪᲻ڵôض㣿
£ƵѪɣ
һʲôΣգͷſ֣ȻֱӷɵУ֪𣿡ŷٴζߵζ
⵹£ܸоεսԶԶԼԤڣһֱֱǰĥµʱ򣬲֪ٴΣգԹŷ岻òء
İɣһᱣԼġҲǺص˵ͷ֪ŷôԼ϶оʲôͬѰ
šŷ˵ͷҲ΢һ㣬˵ʵⳡսŷĵľεİȫ⣬Ȼ֪εʵԼ٣̲סضҲΪ̫ں̫ԭɡ
ҲҪСءˮش۾עŹŷգĿ˵
ŷһЦŵصֻҪӣҰ½ϣûܹסң
ȻһЦŷô˵ĵҲɷŷ嵣кγĹŷİȫأ
׼ҲӦÿҪˡŷһ֣һɢӨӨĳͳУûмΪΪֻҪˣֱӿñۣ۳ġٶȸ죬Ҳ
ε˵ͷҲٶ˵һʶ֮еǱǰذСһ죬ͰѽУҲƴʱ׼žȼ
ˣ׼ˣرЩӵʥģڱĴ߶£ҫ۵ĹâЩ֪ʲôһʧ
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ʱţ˶ȫԴ˿
һӡ
ӡ
ڵӵʱԭƽĹĻͻȻ֮͵һˮĲڳ֮˶ʱһ֪ɽˣѾʼڴˣ
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էһԭɱڵӣɵһ̧ۣΧĮɱͶʱ˴Դתô£¶ȿֻ֮ʱһӽʮǿ޿ƥеĹȴѾ
ֻܹʮˣһûзӦսȰ۷ǿߣԼʮŽĩǿߵֹ£˭ܿסһֹûʮ˱˲仯Ϊ˻ҽ
һ˶ԷʮŽߣﶼĴԭЩǵ飬ҲǵȻ޴棬ֻҪŽ۷ǿߣȥʤˣ
ҲֻѣŽ۷壬綼ᵽʱ򣬾ӲӲսˡ
̶룬ǹâһʮӰٴγ֣ʮ˵ʵҲǾŽ£лһǰ˽ĩڣȻھ㵵вǰʮ˵ĺ󳾡
һһ߽ʱһЩŽʵģʱһЩ˽߽ҵģǰո֣ɸƶ߲Ȼˡ
һһŷ㣬ѾʮˣоŽ׵ֻѣĶ߽װ˽׵ģľ׵ģܹҲ˶ѣٰǧ˵ıɽһ˵㲻ʲôʧ
ٴλɱ˳ʮ֮һâһʮɢǿѹӰ˹Ļǰһ˵ѹҪǿöࡣ
ŷĿһݣضǸǿӰʶǱɽһλϣŽ۷ΪڣһŽ۷ߣ
СģȻǾŽ۷ǿߣһӦߵıನһּΣյĸоҲģͳ߼˴һȻͷų˱
ų˱ֺɽϲʱ̧ͷȥΧһӰԼһȦӰʱﻹ᲻ǴʲộҪһҪɵһ
ͬʱҲǰп֮࣬ǿߣƾԼһˣ֪ܲܳŹӣ
ֻϣܾɣȻɽ˶࣬ҲһᱻǸһһƣ
ЩͷҲһˣûȥЩˣΪս˵ĹѾŽ۷ǿߵĹʮŽĩǿߵĹʹɫǰδе
ߵǼŽǿߣѾϾ˼ˣΪһĴ⣬һ


191 ϣ
ءֻһըЩŽĩ߸ûɽϵķӦٶȣȻſˣ˲ͱɵ˼
ҺõǣսǵĹҪϵϣʹüŽҴҲΪ⼸߷ֵ˹Ҳֻ˶ѣûбС
ղս˵ĹȫϵĻôҲˣսȴˣΪ߲ĻôһǷӦٴͳȥˣ⼸ʱ壬㹻ٴη͹Ļˡ
ԣս˲һȻɱϣʵ޿κΡ
ۡϵֶʱѣмҲ䵽ϣ˲һѪϸ֮£ЩѪ棬ƺдһЩмӦˡ
زֻҪڵȫ飬屻飬ǱϣҲȻԴȥ˾Ž۷ʣɲһ˿Աģ
ȻѾˣսȴǲνḻ඼£Ȼһҧһ֣һâһŽĩߣȻ׼ˡ
ûѡͻȥΪ֪һͻȥҪ룬ֶ£룬Ѱ·
ȻոһܿٴһըͲҪͷ֪ЩҴѾʬǲ档
ղͷųǼâȻ֮·ģ̺ҲǾŽĩ߿ԵֿģҲؾͱܿˣûܻ᲻ܣΪȥԸġ
ХᣬȥɵսҲûȥˣѹǴ͹ĻѾһγӰ
ΪʲôֻХһˣûаŽ۷ȥԸΪŽ۷شҲô׶ԸģΪܣԶܣͲӲŸɣȻ綼׷ϣҪʱͶˡ
߶һŽ۷ߵĻٳһŽ۷ߣҲöԷ˵øһ㣬ХһȥѾ㹻ˡ
ǣХæӦһ׷˹ȥ
ǳҲǷ˷ܣֻ֪ҪԼֵܹôǾͿԾԼˣ
ʱһ֧ۿĹȻ˹оĲ̺ܹԼ֮˲˺飡
ǳ־ֻţôҲû뵽ʱȻɱҧҹǿ󣬿¾ԼȫʢʱڽһҲضˣ
£㶼ûˣ̫أֱӵޣֻҧٴͷųֵܹסһ
ʯ֮䣬ԾԵսٵͷųҲһ˲ֻһ΢ء͡һǹֱӴ͸֣Ҳ֮ѣҲûֵˡ
ûɿȻһԼҿƺǰһ֧Ҫ
ﻹʱԥɰǱɣִ֮ٴͷųһ֣һ죬ѣǹನȴǲˡ
ȻನԾŽ۷ǿ˵ʹ٣Ѿˣ״¾һ߶ˣ⿰ĽȫһನǺм֮رڵأһѪ˳ƣҲء
Хʱȴͣ˿ŷ壬΢ЦŶԼ˵ͷ󣬲ɾһЦǺãͽˣ
˵꣬ת۷ȥǱߣƺֳһŽ۷ߣ
Ҳ֪ɽǱǲʶʲôŽ۷߹Ȼһ֣һ˲ƣռⷽҲòֳͬǰȥӦսҲֱӵռⷽĹһһ֣ٳһŽ۷壬֪ܲܶЧ˺ˣ
ٿŷߣ֮˵ļôһãâĻʮ׾ûʲôˣȴܹＸ⣬Ȼ϶ǲʮâǿģҲ̫࣬ԾϣҲܹˡ
ৡǼ֧ĹŷĹԽԽ󣬶ϵȴԽԽอ˵£ֵܹ֧ڣѾǼΪѵõˡ
˫۵Ǿ֣֪⼸֧ĻôԼǱˣԼⷽǺ۷ǿֱռⷽĸסˣͳ鲻ӪԼԼ֧Ųˡ
ҲҪСһᣡ
˫Ŀ죬۾ضһȻĹŷ壬г˲ʣĿһݣ͵ͳһŵҩУϣҲֳһ˿ѪЦݡ
ŷһݣܹظоԷȻӵﻹ᲻֪õʲôҩԴȴǵһЦ˿ûеģǿʵΣ
ҷɵУȻ㣡
һ󺿣ֶţȻһ֣âӭĹ֧ۡͱˡ
СӣȻҲҪһ𣡡ģԷһЦĿѪ֮⣬ȫԼ˵壬Ȼͬٶȳŷ˹ӣƺҪѹŷ˺һ㡣
ŷһǣȴҲٹˣһշȻ󣬾Ϳʼ
ûʲôĵģԼһҰ½ϣֻҪӣû˭˵
ǳһŷȻɵ˰˱ʱöҪըˣǿһȴ޷ԷԼǶԷĻӣ⻹Ƿ̣ԼڶԷȴǰûʲô
ৡ
ʱŷ۵ҲѾɣֱһͳɱȥ
ǡĴСռͨ޷˺Ӧ㹻˵ġ
ʵŷǿͨģΪֻҪõҩҩЧһôͲҪԼˣԼͻ̡
ĻôͻתȥˣԭеĻǿ˼ʵһɱЩߡ˽׵ߵĻɾһѡ
ԣŷҪôסֱҩҩЧĹ⡣
ǳڱŭУҲŵؿ־嵱Уû˼ȥˣֻɱ˹ŷԼᡣ

һش𣬱·ҪǮӿ˲ʹݻ˵ĹƲеĹŷȥɹŷʮңû嵽һ룬ɢ˿С
ŷѾʧȥǣʱһЦҲͲٹˣôڿУ鵭ظ
ƺҪסˡ


192 ذܵľ
쵰ǳ˻âɱеĹŷ壬ȴûһ룬ʧ١
ŷ˫ĮظڰգͲںĴСŭ֮ˣɲΪ˷ѱˡ
ȻһӣϱѾɫһ̬Ĳ԰ף߿ҲѪֱֽȻõҩҩЧɢ
쵰Ҫɱ㣬Ҫɱ㡭ԽԽͣ˫ȴȻ죬˵ʷľŽ۷ǿˣһ׼ŽױƳȷʵйʵġ
ۡһʺѪҺѪŵ˫۳Ȼ󽥽ʧȥ˹ʣͨһԼԻ͵һ
Ǳ߱ռҾŽ۷סŽ۷֣ϳ׵󣬶¶һ˿ŭ־壬һȥģ᲻Լ
Ҳռңһؾɣš
ˣҲѾ޷صĵزҪ͵ƴ
뵽˶ǲٹ˼ƣޱֶһʱǣǶ״̬ȫʢӵʥռ֮˵ȴû̫в
ڴ͹ĻǱߣâٴһֱӳŽ۷ߣȻС
ѾʶԾˣΪŹһŽĩȴ͹ȻͻȥߵģȴһֱûϢˣǻۣȻԼ˵׷ʲô
һоΣ̧־ͷų֣ȻԱȥһâĺը
֮ǰһ׼ԲŻᷴӦô٣ȻмŽ۷Ĺϣȴֻҡ˼£ûֱѡ
ʵںüŽ۷Ĺ£ͬȼǿһҲˣҪΪʱ̫̣ս˵Ĺ˲ųģȻû۵Ĺǿ󣬷һⲻˣ
Ž۷û֮⣬ŽĩͬҲûʲô󰭣ΪҪϣһûŽ۷ǿߵĹҲֻ˵˶ѡ
ʲô㿪һÿϵڵϣоŵʱ󺧣һŽ۷壬ǵҲ൱ֹۣȻޱȡ
ﲻɿʼЩ㷲ԼⷽŸտʼʧһŽ۷ǿߣʮŽĩڣʮŽ׳ڵǿߣ߶ߵɾռⷽ˺ܴľ롣
˵׵˽׵Ҫռ߶һ࣬⼸ʮŽ׸ֵĲ࣬ȴǿԲģҪ֪һŽ׳ߣٿԵֵʮ˽ףʮ߽ףʮףԼϰˣ
һĻɽ߻
ʧˣ̫ʧ˰
ǽĵ̾һǺ弱ҪʲôͻϮû̫߻˵ĻôܰѱȲʤȯƸƾеľ棿
۽սŵʱһ㶣ĿɿڴȻǺۣǻɵ
ʥǾȻʥһô࣡
оԼھͬһ㣬½ϣʮҲֻ챤һһǲȱģռңôӵôʥ
ǿʥԹڴ˵еģ˵ӵˣǿû˭ֻǼڸԼʷҪʥĲͨĻܻʶ
⣬սܼȥ𣿱ƾеľˣռôʥ֣Ǳɽڣ򣬱ɣ
ЩͷҲֻͣ˲һѣЩٴν٣ټɵҲûˣֻƴսпؾ档
ֵסǼ᲻صĻַ́һâΧסЩ󣬾æΧȦȥ
ȥδһŹŷĳǹ׷ȥ
ʥ֣һʮ㰡Ҳ˷ܣʵಮ٣ǻŰ
ȥսˣռٴŽ۷߳ȥֱεүүʯ
ʣµľս˫۹λˣսȻҪսģһλͶսɽǷһϡ
ĿǰռⷽеľŽ۷жһʥɽǷûУʤȻռⷽ⣬һսռұʤ
ȴҲǲʤ
ʱҲֻЩŽ۷ǿսţŽĩ֮µ߶ΧҲֵϳˣ
Ļٴεһ˿ڶѾľˣһȦҲԵ˱ֻҪԷһ֣㽫ȫȥ
âһʮӰ֣ҲͬһǺ˹ȥصȴǲͬˣһȻ֣ȻɵؾͰЩȫǲҲֻǻһΣȶ
ǻûӦ֮ʣһǿѹ˲סһȦˣս˽ȥսһоԼ»ɵʵɫȻ䡣
򣡣˫۹Ž۷ǿ߶ʱʧУɫ䣬üѿҲһ˿η壬ôҲû뵽ɽȻһľŽ۷ǿߴڣ
ѾˣͷųǲֵģͷųģǺ壬Ҳߵϣһδڴ󺺣Уһ󵶣оĲȻһʥ
ؾսһԷԤƵĶһŽ۷ǿߣһӵлӵʥľŽ۷ǿߣһˣҪֵˣ
ǼǱȶԷŽ۷壿
ս߬Ŀ˸ƾеľ棬ԷбռʤԲ֮һ
ѵҪռսбһ̾ۿռҼԻͣȴת۾ͽû䣬ǣ׻𡭡
벻ռһͦģȻɱұɽһϣޱȣһ͸ӦѾһϣеȻŭ죬ҲЩˣԼô³çľҲͲ׵ľʧһŽ۷ˡ
սǻôˣ֪ռҿڽˣȻˣǾƴҲҪñɽǰ
ʱֻҪƴסζССôռɱͱؽᶫɽ
оԵŻܣΪһֱɽ׷ɱֻҪǵķô;ƿԱסģһǵʵʮףҲռٴλԻ֮ˣԼ˵ĳҲȻǿԱˣ
뵽սоǿɱؿźˣԼЩˣԼأ
أСζɱˣû˸ɣ


193 Ѫȿ
վȺĹŷҲڵһʱע⵽Ǳߵʱ󺧣Ҳ֪ΪʲôʱоŲŽ׳ڣȴԼһּΣյĸоˣԭһԼ޷͸ǿߣ
벻Ǳɽưŷһ̾ռңЩˣ
Ȼŷ۽ǵ⿴һԽź촽ΣеĽǺ;һʹס裬ȴû˵οĻʱѾ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ߣսСӣҲǲԸռһᣬֻҪռҺɱĴӴЧǱɽͿԱռˣȻֻ·һսһֱ˵Ϊηˣæ˵
ʵԭǴ㳹׻ռɱģôҲûµռҾȻôʥڣ𾪼ۺͬʱĵҲɲһ˿ɵȻǼɵǻᷭΪʤЩնɱŽ۷ߣʧɾ̫ˡ
սԣɾǼһЦû˵һ߻սɷ˻ɤӿҪӳϼһҿǳ˰ɣ
ɫʱһĿؿһۻƹƹҴɫɷںȵ벻ǾȻڤ粻飬ǲΪԼ룬ҲҪΪԼ˺ɣ
ߣ⣬ǷϻˣİɣҲ᳼ǵģεɷˣɤŴ˵ռ֮˾ҲṶ͵
ʱɷһСɡ⡯һΣһҧҲٹʲô᲻ʧˣֱӶԽԽŭϣҪȫ
һ䣬Լȳսɽλ˫۹Ž۷壬ںȥЩЩ֧ľŽ۷壬ӣҪȴռʵľŽ۷忪ʼɱȻһһɱ
ɱսŭһӭ˺壬Ȼǿ˺Ĵ㣬Ҳֻؿţû˿İ취
Һڸտʼʱͽ˱ɽһϣ򣬾ƽӶӣ
ɱ߶ˣ׷״߶ڵıӭ˸ԵĶ֣һʱ亰ɱʣâ裬Ѫ쭣ҷɣѪ׳ۡ
ԼʱŷҲʮÿһһ˵ȥ嵽ХǱߣХҲ𽥿ʼ֧󣬱Ҳסˣζһ䣬س˹ȥ
·ֻɱ˼ɽߣһХߣſԼ˵޷ѹƺȴǿһѹһֻǵؼľŽ۷壬˵ˣһʵǿѹƵġ
ʱҲǸ˹ûи֪ԼĻضùŷĵģȥɱȥˡ
һҲͷųƣؼľŽ۷ʱ͸оһǿѹʵٴ½һɣڵǰܵˣֻܷӳɵսˡ
Ͼë󾪽еէһеȻö˵Ͼڻû˭ӵй֮ģһоŷ򣬶ʱĿࡣ
ԭΪԼֽ½ǿģȴŷȻ߼ĵ򣬶ߵŽ۷壬Ҳһ״˿ûע⵽ԼʵѾѹƵֻɶѡ
ɸϹŷ֮ǰչֵģ˵Űٷ֮ٵĿԽʮף
߰ɣҲΪСڱɽֻΪ˱ѣΪ˵һٷ֮ٽʮ׵֪Լ϶޷ɱģǸеڴ½ϣû˭ɱ
Ȼɱˣǻȥһٷ֮ٵʮףǲɵǴˡ
Ҳ룬ǲòսŷ嵭һЦֵݸЩ˵ХἸƿҩתͷش
С壬߰ɣʵǿԿģХȻ׶ԷΪλ͹ŷ˵ЩҲˣȻŷĵܹԷ򣬵ȴҲ𲻵ʲôʵԵЧԹŷûãɶð
ǹŷܹԸֱӰԼϵЧҲԶԸˣϾǻ֮⣬ʵҲֻǾŽ۷ѣû£κһŽ۷嶼ԶԸǣǿ𣿣
ŷҡҡͷûȥشȻԷʵȷ޷⣬ɽХܣȴ
˵˻οԼῴԼΪҲκνˣ
кηҹŷ岻֪ٻˣڲһúúõģ
Хŷеļᶨâ֪ѡˣŷȻദãȴ֪ԸֻҪ˵飬˭ı䣡


194 ˮ
Ǿֻսˡ̾һε˵
ȴţ³־ɣȻХɵˣһ˳Թ
ڱɽʲôԭģսҶܻҲܳΪѡʵŷҲǳԷΪλԼЩ⣬ڱɽʱˣ˵ԼΪУΪϿңͲǱɽˣҲˣȻԷûж⣬Ҳ⵽ʱѡ
ǺǣһܳΪѵģޱѵõؼһ˿Ц⣬ͷЦ
ҲһΰɽˣιҲԼĳŵκιϸ˵ŷΪѣҲǲܵ¡
׼𣿡ŷҲٷϻХѾѹ˲ɷ͵Ƕ԰˼ָлһ˷ܵصͺ
һһȵʵҪս
ѹûŷսŷϾëԸʵȫʢʱһĳϣûʲôģԸХᣬİš
ڿȴŷ壬ƺҪԼս
ǿ󣬶ԼҲЧԼŽ۷ΪҲŽ׶û߿Աȵİ
ҲΪûϾëսԭ򣬸Ͳô˽֮ΪαΪ֮ټҲ֪ŷʵʵֻ֪죬սȵȶ˽⣬ԲŻΪġ
ʵӵŻľŽ۷壬Թŷ˵Ҳֻ൱һͨŽ۷ѣԼ˵ͬڰ裬ô͵һûľŽ۷ˣ˵ǼԼ͹¶֮һսˣ
⣬ҲǹŷΪʲôҹսԭˡ
Ҫ˵ΨһЩвģǺǱʥˣҺõǣŷ巢еǱʥĵȼƺߣҲԼĻ֣ͿԵֵ
ٵ飬ŷҲȥӺĻҲȥХʲô飬̧־һͷͳȥҲĵյ˹ŷͬһʱ̣Ҳһ컢ХֱӰߵԴﶼŵɪɪӴͿ͵س˺
ŷǲȡǰϵζʽˣΪַȫʢʱڵĺ˵ôЧҲһԣԼڵʵ׵˺̶ֳȡ
ʵ˵ŷԴΪز󣬻ûȫսֻ֪ǰǿ˼࣬ǿ˶٣ȴǲ֪ˡ
һսԿԼĽҲһԼţƺĻԺþͻܣ
úãڹŷ巢𹥻һ̣׼Ӧ˫̺ǿҲӣʱʹһͻԼĴӭȥ
Ļֱ́˹ȥ̺ıҲǼӴһȥ¶һžͰһŽ׳߸ˡ
ôľڣâͲʹãΪֶâСÿֱӺԣܹԶԷճвâȴҪʱۣ˵ŷֱѡľǽսҲԼʵ׵˺ֵزսʽ
ʵŷϲģսһâһâȥģͲϹŷĿζֻԭʼҰԵսʽѪҺڡ
ҲΪʲôǰĥʱϲԴȺսѡâζԭˡ
磡£أ
ը죬ŷֱվȣӴҲǺһξ룬ȴҪȹŷõö࣬ںȴֻҡһ£ûкˡ
ˣȴȻע⵽ߵ˶˲סˣոսһХԼϣֱͣס˹ĿɿڴؿŹŷ壬г˲š
սɷһھŽ۷ǿߣԼշˣս֮ʱ׷עߵɽǷȻעĻɱȣռⷽģȻǹĹŷХ˵İȫˡ
ǿŷȥǱߣΪͻչģȴȻ֣ͣȻʼȻǴΪջպô㹥ռⷽȻǸˣʱϵԽãռҲԽҲûȥôʱֻţĵԽãԽá
Ҳֻ˼ѣƺ׼սˣռҵ˵ĶɱµĹǻ˲٣ɽ˶ЦֻҪܹ㶯ֽǣռҾͱٷʲôˡ
ԣڹŷ̧ͷҲХһʼʱǵĿⶼȫۼǵϣǶΪŷһͻʱȴ֣鲢ӡ
ŷȻ˺岽ȴûܵκ˺ƺڵıûһҵļƽƽȣңֹѺûζһ£һ£˶Ŀ࣬оһУҲ̫˼ˡ
ôܣӵлľŽ۷ǿ߰Ȼᱻһ׼ŽһͷŽĩڵ֮û˻
û˿һɱŵеδ˿ȴЦӨһĻȣ϶ԹŷʵΪ˽ģһΣ֪һΣŷ岻䣡
Ϊ֪ŷղһ϶ֻ̽ĹǿȣȫʵĹȫſ˵ĻôͲֹһôˡ
ȻһЦͷǿŴʯͷҲǸŮˣȻԹŷİΣĵģֻǻֵķ¶ùŷΪԼκηĴ⣡
˵ղűŷֹûһΣ˶о˷˼ŵĻô飬ͳԴһƬհ֮ˡ
ֻŷ巢˵һ󣬱ٴӭȥȻǱ˺˼ΣȴԽսԽ£˺ĴҲԽԽ٣ֱȴǸͲˣȻĴɫƺͬսһ㣬ȫΪǵΪȻἫ
һᣬХͣסսսҲǲͣԼͬ˫˫һԷʮ׵ľתԴǼֱ񼣵ս
ΪսЩŽ۷֣ͣսеˣȻҲǷ׷֣ͣԷ˾룬һ޵ս
ŴţǾȻ𾪵ط֣ͷϾëȻ˳սȦҲ˵սģֻйŷһ˶ѣ
һ׼ŽףսһľŽ۷壿ǸŽ۷ʥŷȴֻǰ˼
˵ԺﶼɸֳһͷѵŽ۷ڷˮ


195 һתǬ
Ǳ뷨Ƕߣûзˮûʹȫһ֪ȷǾȫս
һɱ磬Ѿ˼άԴҲһ˿հ׵С
þûôսˣʹ죬ʹ찡ٿŷߣٴŷƴһǺ̲סе˷ܣЦ
˿ûԼʵŷ׼Ž׻Ƕô飬ŷڵʵȻֻ׼ŽףȴһٷְٵʮǿߣʱԼҪǿö࣬ԼҲʮ׺󣬱ضǴ򲻹ģڵ˸ƽ֣ʲôѿ£
ŷҲǹһЦ泩ոǼ֣ҲޱȣоԭʼսʽԼ۷״̬
˳֮£оԼƺĳصżôȥ룬ҲʼղҪ죬Ҳֻˡ
Ŵ󵶣ô˵һҲܹŷʲôӦһͬ˲ưеĴ󵶣Ҳ˫ţٹͷһǿĹ
˹ŷʵʵˣҲ»ôԹҲֻ֣ǿĳȻ˵ĽԼ
ãŷҲشһȻؾͳȥ˶ѾѸԵ˻ȥȻκβ˶ԷǻŸʲô
ƹҡء䡭
һӵһײĺը·һ׼ս֣ʹЩս˶һѪȣڲŷ֣ԭԭʼսԶһâȥһâӲսøѪڣ
ǡʱ֮ŷе渫ȴǺȻһꡯضֱӱʥжϿʥĴ£˼ֵܹڣѾܲ˵һ漣ˡ
ŷѣҲæͣٹԭռƣڹŷˣȻҲסȥˣֻ֣ͣ˵ŷֵܣҰǼɣ
ŷȴ̧ͷ˿Ѿͣս죬ɴۣĿ͵ؿԼһȺһۣҡͷЦͲˣǻȿĿǰʽνɣսȥ˭ã
ڣŷԼչֳʵֻҪ廹ӣͻѡͣսˣĿǰôɽҲûκƴڣռⷽռƣȥɽضҰܣ
ɽƺʧȥãȣռ۷ǿȴӵһʥ£ɽƾʲôӮ
ҲǶʱ˹ղȫ˳սУھŷѣǿЩѾͣսȺҲ֪ⳡս¾ҪΪֹˡ
ϼһҪսȥ𣿡ɷһص⣬ҲѾعȻŷչֵʵ̫ˣһ룬;Ҳʲô̫˼顣
֪ŷӵŵģؽĻôû򣬺ҲֻһͨͨľŽ۷ˣȻȻ˸оȵĲ˼飬ŷǰѾ񾭾εĶҲû̫ʧ
սһɷĻҲ׷׻عǼؿ˹ŷһۣȻתͷ鵭ؿź壬Ҫλش
ĿǰѾһĿȻ廹ҪսȥռҲȻ㵽ף
˵ʵս˵ڶɸоһ㣬ԭռұذܵľ棬ȴŷһ˸תǬռռƣǶš
ݺݵҧĿ˸ֲɵӣôףɽȥ
Ȼˣǻսȥǲɵ𣿾ٲʣҲñɽĴ
ڣʼʧһ޴ʧ֮⣬Ҳûʲô̫ʧˣΣɽֹǣһŽ۷䣬ΪսóǱʽӽܲƲ֮һĴͷãǾ޴ʧģûǧ꣬ƻָˣ
͵ǰʽɽָܹǧ𣿿¾սռҴȫʤϢһȥɽͳ׵ص˵һı˰ɣ
ôģϼһ㻹սɣһûأɷǇNɪƺûNɪʱرǹŷͷʱϾͻдԺҲͦϸϸߵģƺҪ˶֪ǹŷʦһ㡣
˰ˣǽֻҪɽĸڣôȻӵʶһĻᣡĬȻһ̾˫ٴλɣҰҲ»ع飬ô׾ǷȥĻҲͲкˣ


196 漣ϣ
ָȻȴûʹô͹ĻˣѡлȥǴ͹֮һĲƲٴͻȥǱɽĲϼˡ
ĳɽ˶¶ʣǳ־ȴǴͷɥߣһеģΪǸʮľӡ
ҲֻоӲܱˣڲһ˿ʼչֳ൱ڻľŽ۷ʵܺõڹʲôţʲôŽ֮ӡ
Щνӽǣǰȴ˲̶Ŀ
˶ǷһԵ̾ϢɽӴ˲Իͣ
ٴؿ˹ŷһۺʲô˵ֱŤͷȥˣҲĬȻϣ۾̧ˣεǶˡ
ܽк̧ͷˣ
뱦ɽ˴ͷɥͬȴһЦ⣬ιռȻûгɹȴѾȫľ֮ҲǱˣԽ󣬱ɽǻǻԣҲκιϵ
ŷֵܣҾˣ̫ʹˣһһģڱɽ˶½뿪ˣҲȴǻرɽˣ׼ȥĴһΪԼĳŵûúõĳȥһߣˣȻҪȥġ
ãʱһȫԸϣ´μʱѾʮ׸ˣŷЦŵͷ
Ǿͽ㼪ˣˣϵҲǷḻڹŷǰûʲôΪŷʵȷ۷ǼΪģ˺ô裬Ľô˵
˵꣬ǶŹŷ屧˱ȭ׼뿪֮ʣȴֱŷסˡ
𼱣ҲӦòռΪˣôҲˣ͵ɣŷ忴ɵЦͲµ֮뱦ɽˣҺźԼʾãȻҲֻǼѣŷȴԼĿ۹⣬ˣ
Щɻģŷֹһʱʱ۾ɴû뵽ŷ˵ҪԼȻһʥ
ҴʥĲԼеȼҪϼ࣡
ʵеȻỹǻỹɽģ˵Ϊϲ󵶣ȥɽҲû취ȴôĽȥռˡ
Ŀ֪Լŷ巴ῴԼΪܹоóŷҲѣСڵԸ񣬼ȻͳˣôͲջȥˡ
ӹĬƬ̣սԼֽ䣬ٴһȭ͸¶ŸмĻҲͲ˵ˣллŷֵˣ
ŷ˰֣΢΢һЦÿ
Цŵ˵ͷٶ˵һתΪˡ
С壬ôռңХߵŷʵ
ȻҲ˺ܿܲǱɽˣղŹŷһʥĺʱȴŷڶûɻ
Ҳȥֹŷ壬Ȳ˵ʥģ͸˭͸˭˵תľ棬Լŷչʾľʵ޻˵⻰Ҳֻɻˡ
ϲˡŷЦŻش
ʵŷĵ׻һ仰û˵ǾǣڵռңҪ˭ļ
һսùŷ˽ԼʵΣϢȥЩĳЩҲӦòռˡ
˵ʵڹŷ嶼оΣ֪䣬ԼʵȻŽ۷൱ԭΪԼʵҲֻУܹ֮һսģȴ룬Ұֱӵսʽǿսƾˡ
ӮˣӮˣȻЩԭ㶵ǣȻʵǶѾ׼ȴ·תԼûӮⳡսʤñɽ飡
⣬ΪǸ漣ˣǸһˣ˵Ŀ⣬ת˹ŷ壬ϲ˷ܣгȣҲһ߹һ
ŷҲ΢ЦŶ˶˵ͷЩ󲿷ֶռΣ֮֮˵ģǶĿ棬ȴĵȷȷİռңûǵİռɱôҲܹסɽô˵ġ
һŷͻȻϰյУ̧֣ѹѹЩҲʱͣס˻۾ضŹŷ壬ȫѻȸţ֪ŷлҪ˵ˡ


197 漣£
ΣռܹΣȫ̸λİԣռҹ˵ȫԻһԴԼһƿƷߵҩʮƿƷҩĳͣ
ŷȴԶһֲشÿ˵ĶУһ䣬ЩǴһ㱬ػ˵ϣҲſϲЦݡ
һԴĳͱͼΪˣҪ֪ôԴľһ֧һ۹һĻˣЩʵ˵ѾһּΪƵĳͣԵսʧġ
һƿƷߵҩԼʮƿƷҩĳͣЩԴ˵һ׵Ĵڿհ֮ˣֵȼҩɲԴԺģҪԴҲֵʮԴһΪûطõ۸һ룬ֵܼӽԴǲܵ飡
һ㣬ռҵССҲиʮңЩ͵Ļ
˶ȥôǵýԴҲֱ̫ˣ
ս˶㶣û뵽ŷȻôֱʣҲȥɹŷľǶ֪Ȼŷܹ˵Щô϶ǿġ
˵ŷռҲóһĲƸ֧ʳͣΪǶ֪ŷôȫΪռҵһ¥εĳͷȥǻĸס
£ٶ˰ɣ
ȴǺģǹŷҩռֲЩҩģó֮һƳЩҩˣ»֧Щͣ
ϼһˣһսսɷ˵ĹϵȻ׽࣬˵Ҳ˺ܶ࣬һŷ˵ЩͣҲǴ˺һᣬŹһЦߵսɷ˵
һԴ˫۹ô⣬Ͼһһ۹ӵеĲƸ¾ռҶȲϡ
һƿƷߵʮƿƷȵҩȴһڶûָҪ֪ôҩֻҪʹõõܹļֵٿ˫۹ʵɣ
һ۹ʵǸʲôǾ͵ǿֱѹ۹ΪĴ۹ʵǿģ
ϲǣ⻹ֻһʼܻõ棬²Ƚ٣ﶼһ˹ռңҲܹٻһαˣ
ȻҲֻҵѣŷʵʵȥ˭Ҵռҵ⣿
ҪģڹŷΪֻ׼ŽףһʽͻƵ˾ŽΪǿ¶Ѿʮ޵ˣΪ½֮ϣû˭ѹģ
ͻƵ˾Ž۷塭ֻ룬Ͳɸоĺëʱ治֪ʮ׻ܲѹˡ
ʮ׺;Ž۷һȫǸ߼ҲеؼģǻƼĶܻС
ʮףľľͻƣľܹͻƣܹϣȻǿ˳ͻƵġ
Ȼ򼶱ԽߣǾͱʾܹͻƵļҲԽߣЩģȴһġ
ԣȵŷʵ׾Ž۷ôֻҪǻ߻ǵʮ׸֣Ҫѹǲܣ
ʵǱռ⣬ǲѰô
ϻͽܣȻҪʦɷغٺһЦ˵Ŀ⣬ͽܣҲ̫ˣ
ʱŷҲ˹ֻҪĵط˶æÿλãҲ͸¶壬رЩȽģĿ¶ݣʵΪĻҰ½ŷչֵģ˶Ϊ֮
ȻһݵӰӵȺ˳ܵŷǰ˾㵵УȻϥһƺҪȥ
ŷһָһһСȴںޱȵ˳ȥ˽ҪµӰȴôҲȥˡ
ô£Ҳͷ˼¹һȭҼΪϿҵĴŹŷС꣬Ŵҵӣ
ز˶סˣǹŷԸҲסˣӣ˵ԼʵȽǿʱȽϸߣ䣬¶Լĺü˰ɣ
һϸŷȻ֣˾ȻεڶǰȥɽǸʱǸʵΨһͻƵ˰˽׵ľݲߣʱʵߣҲЩǿģŷȻܹǵġ
˵ʵ˵ҲȷǼ䲻Լֻٶ꣬ʵȴǵ˰˽׳ڣʣѾԳƵˣˣԼΪʦⲻùŷоһ졣
ʦңŷ岻˵껹ΪԼʱ󼱣ٴһȭȻʦгˡ
ͬҲǵùŷ壬ʱڱɽǸߵһοŷʱΪʵֻףҪ߶ŹĿı죬ܿܶǵùŷ˭ˡ
ԭΪԼǳ֮ɫģҲһֱεԼĿ꣬ȻҪ׷ǰԼҪԽĿ꣬Ϊֻ۷Ĵڡ
ŷڲһչ֮󣬶ʱͷӻûбŷչֳԼʵģ˶־ҪȳԽΣȻԽҲһֱԼĿꡣ
ǰ峤˵ɽҪռ֮ʱ˵˼ǰΪģҪùŷôڽܹԽ
ʵҲΪһѣʤˣܹõĺôȻǼġ
źʱͷ֣ˣˣɲԼ˴ȥ
Ҳڿϧţ֮Լɾû˳ϵĿˡ
ĴѰܵ·ߣ׼żʱȴֹŷ徹Ȼǳź˹ȥⲻɾ˴Ҳûˣ뿴кĿģ
һУ׵סˣԴһֱһƬհ֮У˫ҲؿǸ˰ԵӰĵףȴһС
ôҲû뵽ʵȻǿ˺ŵĵز׼ŽʵȻһӵлľŽ۷սƽ֣һУо˵Ĳ˼顣
漴бȻһʡ
ֻе򣬲СʵԷĻ򣬵ˣԷҲһŽ۷尡
ʵ൱ھŽ۷塭
⻹ôȥԽ
гǷϣǴδģҲˣʵԼ켶򣬰˽׳Ϊܱ
ĿֱÿȻԼһӿܶ޷ԽԷˣôͰ£ĵӣ
ʵԼ۷ʵҲʸԼʦָָܹԼָԼģԼʵؽҲȡͻͽЧ
ǲܵ飬Ϊһ漣漣Ĵߣ


198 ͽ
ŷоԼһͷֻεؿȵҡͷ˵ʱûͽĴ㡣
Լڶоʱ䲻أôܻȥոͽȥ˷ʱ䣿
Բһʧ˵ȻʦԸͽܣôʦҵӰɣ
ͽֻܲͬǼǸˣǹŷٹûκ⡣
ԽԽᶨĿ⣬ŷˣʱȴǲȶŵ˿ŷϵΣͲڴȻһЦ˲˶Ϊ֮
Щ˼ߣҫۡ
ŷ壬Ͱ°ɣ֮ΪʦҲֻǼӶѡѾȫϰĿ⣬ضŹŷ˵
һ⻰ʱ۾æһȭлллʦĸ
ε˲ͺˣȴЦȻʦĸеĿȥˡ
ŷоһЦãԼͲŲʮҪһٶļӣ
˰ˣǣֻҪԼʱָָ䣬ҲˣǾһͷ˵У͸Ұɡ
ǣӰݼʦʱϲعȥͷعŷҲûˣͽܰʦ쾭¡
ɣЩȥŷһ֣һ޿ƥеվȻִҩռóʮƿǿʵҩ͵͸ˡ
ʥŷ嵹ûи᲻ãڵʵ̫ˣ˵Լͽܣһǲ˭ˣΪյģȴʤ
ΪİΣֻеȵΪͻƵ˾Ž֮󣬲һ
ллʦϲЦտؽ˹ͽܰʦʦӦõģûҪ顣
Զɷһգ״¶һ˿ڵıƺչŷΪͽʱûʲôǹŷ͸Ǳ䡷ҲⱾ似ټǱȻǹŷ͵ʥѹģǰñˣҲֻܴƽֶѡ
λռҵΣѾЩҲҪúôһʵǶԲˣǴһЩ󣬱ضңСŵЩͣҲһһȥλʱս˿һƬǽĳأɿڴضЩ˵
ռҸոմս꣬Ȼ˵û̫ʧȴҲҪúȷǲʺдЩˡ
ռ̫ˣЩƶæЦսʧģҲҪȥһЩ飬õĺôȴǲ֪˶ٱǵȻûκ飬ǱХշͬ£ȥ˴͹Ļ
ʱ඼ǲжģλȥȴռҳԴֱǴͻȥôණˣԴ治ʲôˡ
Щ˶׷֮Ҳ̸ȥжʱͿտֻʣռҵɱˡ
ǺЦذŷ˲ͷĺղŹŷֱĳϰ˵ҪʦһЩƵߣɰڵòᡣ
꣬ղҲѾȥˣŷȴǸһһȥҪʮڵ˽ĩڣԺ󶼱ˡ
ʮʱ䣬Ӱ˽׳˽ĩڣԱ˵ǲɵ񣬵ŷȴôΪʮ궼ûʸԼͽܡ
ңԼĵ¼Ȼ˸ȥ֮ǰʮƿǿʵҩⶼ˽ĩڣҲֻܹԼŬˡ
񣬷ǵûио̫ΪѣǶ־ŷ񻰰¼Ѿ½ʮԼɲ񣬸ͲҪŷ˵Ըҹŷˡ
ȹŷǰս˶֪˵ʲôˣѹûζҵɾȻôô棬ô˼飡
·רʷ¼ģʷϼصһǰȱµĴ٣ɶŷ˸ɸɾһ˦ȥԶأҲܹµļ¼ˣ
ǰ޹˺仰ƺרΪ׼һ㡣
ˣվˣռҵⳡսѾ춨ǵһͷúúףףεȿ˵
ɩ⻰ϼһǺȸ˯ɷҲǹһЦ˵Ļȴü˶ͷֳ˺ߡ
˯ǵʣⱲӶֻܶžƸӺȾˣ


199 £
죬ռɱˣڿ񻶵Уռδսʤռҵһĵ춨رռһ˹ŷôŮЩ˷
ǸͲ룬ܹ뵽ռҽĻԻͣйŷεͷ⣬ҲؽԼĽǰ룬ռҵҲ˽һ׳
գռҴȫʤŷ忰ӵлľŽ۷ǿߵϢͬһ㣬ٶϯ½һҹ֮䣬ŷֱѾǼ¼Ҳһ£
ԭŷһۣɳزѾǴˣһιŷչʾʵȴǳ˷֮С
ʵΪһֱ½ЩΪŷȡĽ߷ĵЩǣҲת˶ԹŷĿȣǿʵ½ϣ¶û˭ȵˣݶأôȥڮ
ŷһͽܵϢȥһʦȷ磬һЩſ绨ŮƵˣռ߻۶ֻΪܹŷ£㵱ͽܣҲǺõİ
ʵҪЩ֪ŷ嵱ʮƿƷߵǿʵҩ󣬲ŻȲģʣڴ½ĸʦ˲˴󷽵ģ
ԣֻҪܹΪŷļӣôܹõĺô޷ġ
ϢЩ֮⣬Щԭڹеȴ޲غڲѣر֪˹ŷЩռҵЩĳͺ󣬸ǻڵӶˣ۾Ҳˣ֪ô౨꣬ʧʵǶȥ
ǣûõľǡ֪˭ûпԤ֪δֻܿԼѡˡ
ˣڵõϢĵһʱ䣬ǳ˰û֮⣬ȥռ޸ϵˣЩƶ޲׷׺Ƥߵߵռȥһ˲ƵƷ뾡޸֮Ĺϵ
ȻҲ֪޸Ҳ϶޸ôܱȲ޸úðɣ٣ϵ޸֮ǻлúôϣ
ȻϣûС
һʱ䣬½ĿⶼתռңЩ֪֮Ķֻڲ˼֮⣬ЩеʵеʵĶռһ۶ȥʢɽĲֻ߲͡

ռҴ֮ܶûٸź巵رɽˣֱӻ۹ҲһĳݣĿǰ־ƣʵûиɡ
һصң㿴Լһڿ޿ģһķңԭͼ䷳飬ʱΪ
ʲôޣұ죡ŭضƽʱ谮ѵİͺ
Ů˶ʱͱһɤӸסˣֹͣ˿Ҳ˸η壬֪ԸģƽʱԼ谮мӣԼ浱ŭҲһԼ乬
һɤӣٿίίر飬Իһ㣬ɻǰʵΪʲôޣ
Ůˣһɫûп޳ʹػش׻ƣǰ죬飬ˡ
ƣһԼĴһ˿ʯֻҪԼľĴһ˿ȥôֻҪˣʯͻ飬ַ֪Լӵܵ
һ⻰ʱһȴûʲôˣ׻ȻĶӣȴûϢһĸӣʶҪõö࣬ôϲӡ
ҪĸԼ谮İĻû׻µͷͱȥĳСеȥˣһӣҲôˡ
ǰȥɽμӲУ˵׻ѾһŽĩߵıȥˣ˱ɽȴǸûз׻ӰҲأ룬Ѿˡ
ǰﻹ̫ĸоһӰˣ˾ˣûʲôˣһŻأҲʲôйеŭһϢʱŭˡ
ߣѵûȥ𣿣׻һʵ
ȥˣɲ˺ü죬ȴûκϢƺȻʧһ㡣Ůæش
飡ٸȥ飡ҵҪ˭ɱҵĶӣһӣҲ͸ɭɭ⣬˷Ը
ǣһֱ֨һµӣҴҶȥʢŭ֮е߶Ƭ̡
ʱһִҴдǲ˼۾ңҸոա
˵ȴͣ͵͵̧ۿ˿üͷԽԽȻµȷ˸о˼ȴҲκ˵۾Ҹոտ׻£أˡ
زǸŮˣԼɴۣΪԼˣæʵ˵ʲô˵һ飿
ңҸոտԣ׻£أˣҲѾ˵Ļ󻪶ǸԽ
Խһ·׻ǸŽĩǿߣһµı棬ǸŮˣоԼĺëʱһŮ˸ǲشһ
ֻҪһԼľעƵУôǾ޷ٳ˵ģ飬ֻܣ
һƻ

һǾԲܵģû˭Ҵ׻ƣǲСĴˣҲض򽫻ܼĳͷ
ԣǾֻһˣ׻ˡ
˵׻ȴͻȻˣˣȴȻ֡
ȷ׻£ҵĶӻˣһΪһŽ۷ǿߣѾͨеˣȻǲϻйģǳʵ
ȷæͷش
Ȼˣͬ㵷µİһۣӶԷп˲ţҲ֪һٸӣҲƭǡ
Ǿͱʾ˵ʵ
ʱŮҲûΪԼӡ˶ֳ˵ɫ¶һ˿⣬ûʵŮˣӱȽСһ㣬Զ֡졯¼űܵη塣
ȥǼ˸УǿƵļҲҽĿ˸źâȻԼӡûСôһЩƵ˳˲ˣȴǺȻĳֲõԤС
ˣˣͻȻһԶӰ仰ˣɶסˡ
˵ȷǡ׻ûո˵ĻȴоԼĶǲǳʲôë
ǰһԼèķӣոƺԼˡӡ


 ħ
ħؽѪɺӣ


200 Ʊ䣨ϣ
ŭ֮ʣȴȻ֣Լ⡮ӡϢƺΪİңһּΣա
󾪣ŭҲʱΪ֮һ壬Դ˲˹һԼ飬ȴվԼǰԼµһʲô
Ȼ˵ܹݵ˺ټȴҲһЩʿģֻδ˭ɱԼĶӣȻݳģ˸ղŲŻû롣
ϸһĥƺȷֻͲ˵ùȥ
˭ΪҪݳҶӵģһ֣ԼӡϢΣİߵĻ󻪶Ҳһģһ𾪵ķ֣ǵΪԼȻһ͸
Լ켶򣬿͸Էʵʵôֻˡ
һǣǵǻϵģΪõھŽ׳ڣһᱻԼ͸
һȫųˣΪǾŽ׳ΪϵĻǲܻԼôǿҵΣеġ
ΣУĵһֿͷ޷
ԭǾֻʣһˡ
ǵʵѾʮף
ʮ׵ĻôǿҵΣҲ˵ùȥˣȴôҲţȻʮߵĴڣң
ǣȴɲţȻôǰһУ
˭ٺ٣ˣϺɭɭһЦ벻صƿȫû
һʮ߶ûеСǵΪʵ͵һĴˣǰһ۹˶ˣҲû˭ܹκεǡ
ʵԴӴɳۻغ󣬾һֱ˼Ÿȥֵ֣뾡˰취Ҳ벻һð취ֻűɽȴòƣͱˡ
ȻʱżȻ˹ռ뱦ɽĴս½κ¶ǵȤģɵʲôʥʱġ
Ȼ֪Щ˿ԵġʥǸʲô⣬½½Ҳˣо룬ʲôʥǱԴ
ңЩֵ֪һ˵ϢƺǸռҡıԴ
ԴǶ˵ҲǼģУҲֻϺһһıԴѣ롮ȴֻʮˡ
Ȼﾪռôӵôϧ쳣ıԴҲûռҽַŻõģôǿûбԴϵʵȥ
Ҳ˼֮ıԴܹõĻһʾ޴ĺˣңЩʲôȼһĻ״ڵĻôԻֵ֣ЩͲڻˡ
Ȼǵʵ½˵ǿ󣬿һȺñԴľŽ۷ΧĻҲ϶ҲʣʵûʲôõҩһˣôǺѻָˡ
ˣһ󣬱ȿ۹뱦ɽʵȻٴȥռңЩڣټռһ治ʲô£
ЩԴȻҲɵǵĿڴ
Ŀһš׻˲Ŀ⣬ĵ׾ͳɳʵ֪λǺ⣿
˵⻰ʱѾ߬ȭͷȫļⶼýģⲻҪһ쳣Ӷݡ
ֱֻһ˵Ļ۹ô֣δزһսˡ¾Ǳɽ۹ֻбɵķݡ
رݳԼӵˣΣոΪǿңǳǵѡܣʲô治ģʲô
ٺ٣ʲô˼ϺЦЦԴӴ˵ҵūĻԱסԼˣȻֻ
ǿҲһŽ۷ǿߣڽսжЩõĻﻹ˵ôϻͼи㶨Ȼݳģˡ
һԭ㲻ôһµ£ǰ֮ѾǶˣ˵۾ͷŭˣ˲Լ׼ǧɡ
Ϊ۾Ѿǿߣ˭ùڶǲʮ׸֣ȴǸû
ʮףô׵ģ
ס֡׻һûֻ꣬׻һ֣ԭڵ¾ԭأϷŭıɻڣͫеɣȴǽɢ
ֻͨһ±ֱͦͦص˵ϣȴκ˿ڣڵȴѾʧ
һĻʱʹʧɫ£žŽĩڵΪԼҲҪüвܽˣҲ˹찡
ڿ϶ԼĲ룬Ȼɲţȴٷܹ֮϶ǰˣʮ׸֣
ʮס
ԴҲô벻Ұ½ôͻȻĳʮ׸ģѵǰЩͻƵʮ׵ȱ
ҲûʱȥЩˣֻɱŽĩ֮Ϻٴοʵɣ뵱ū͡
˸Ŀ⣬ֵܣǰûǻᡣ
仰һ룬й֪ʮ׸ֶܹеģԼȷӲ
̾һԥʼԣûԣֻй͵
ūݼˡԣصʮ¹ͷ­ˣѾϲϡ
ܺãʶʱΪܣ͸ҰɣϺص˵ͷȻЩɹ͵֪֮٣Ǽֲˡ
ԼΪȥ˵ūͣûãǸ˾ͱ˸ɱˣȻҲ»ָɡ
ڸ硯УԼʵǿǿߵūʵһΪϡƽ֮£󲿷˶й˵ū͵ľЩǣҲһ㶼ϼūͳţΣʱܹЩū͸Լ¹ȻԼܡ
Ҳ˵ЩǿߵУūֻͣһΪԼֵǽѡ
ٺ٣С椲ˣʱһһֱû˵ġȴǿˣ˫۴Ŀ⣬ɨŴڷµеŮ˵
ǸŮ㶣ղȻתһĻͷӦôҲû뵽Լ޵еĵ۾ȻͻȻ˱˵ūͣһĻʱͻعУҲֳ˾
ȻĵЩΪԼֵֻܱ޶ԣŮҲǣŮҲˣûʲô˵ġ
ˣҪԺûŮ˸𣿡ϺһüͷѾô꣬ѾΪƣˣüĿɲ˷һһʱ䡣
Ϻ˵ûԺеŮ棬ڣȰ°˵ɣʵҲѹŮϣڵȷʱ˵ЩԴܲ϶ǵ֮ֻзԼֽ䵱Уǲܹ׷ġ
ͬ鶼˵ҲͲٶ˵ˣһίŮ˵زһѺЦǾ͸Ͻǰȥɣõ֣Ҳܹ㷢ййһ¡
ϺҲ˵ͷҲ͸˷ܣЩ˵ĻУ֪ռҿвʮԴڣӵôЩʵɽࡣ
ټ߽ϵߣȥǸʲôɽ߽µߣиûκôҲֻ߽ϵģŶδս
ǣæӦһȥټ۹߽ϵĸ֣ΪʼռҵǳսЩҲûзɢȥԲСʱȫۼ
ЩҲǳɻŸոջôֱټˣѵȥսɣ
ողŴܶ飬ȥսⲻв
ɻ󣬶ٲҲǲ˵ģֻٶȼƾš
ˣ˶ѾˣټˣִĵЦϺ˻㱨
ţ²˳٣ھͼ̶Ϻ˵ͷԸ
С椣ˣҪҵĳŶٴŮ˵ϺݺݵһѣֱŮϵʹ󣬲ű̬ЦЦ˵ôһ仰󣬱תϺ˵󣬴Ŵ󲿶ӣŴ͹Ļȥ
ŮбʵĵģԼز޶ԣԼϺ¶ǫģͬҲ˲ѣԭҲһС󣬹͵֮
ͻȻ͵һ˿ᶨ֮ɫǸղ˵ĻҲˣֻ֪Ἧϱɽȥռң˵ʵɶǼΪǿģȻҲȵˣԣȥռҵĻôռҾΣˡ
ңղ˵ĻΪ־壬Ϊе˿ѪĹâԼǱ̬Цݣ֪ˣʱԼһУԼ֪ʲôĶԴ
ΪԼİȫΪ˲ֶԴܾˣҪȥѰӻ
ΨһܹģɾֻռˣȻȥռˣֻҪԼİϢǣһ׼δؾͻ䣡
ңԼϢռ֮ռҵ磬϶ǻᱣԼģȥѰӻҪðȫö࣡
ʵûȥһ֪ĵطǣҪ۹Ǳ鲼½ǳصĻôֻӵ˼ĻҰˣԼʵȴǼΣصĻҰ⣬Լ޷
ԣ˼֮ȥռˣǸȥռѰӻΨһϣ
ȻѾ˾ôռҵʤ͹ϵԼİΣˣصȴһᣬʱ䣬µһӦѾ֮ʰʹҴҸȥ͹Ļ
һ͹Ļ㱻ڹĻԵĻ˳ȻЩΪʲôһģҲû뱣ˣȴҲûж룬æǿЩ׼͵Ⱥȴ͡
ڿû˼ЩˣһЩÿλãĻԴ漴âһʧԭء
ռҵĴ͹Ļÿһ඼ˣЩҪôռҵģһЩƷǰռҴùϵƶˣŮ˵ĳ֣ûκ˵Ĺע
ã۹۾ӣѾˣҪռһҪϢģĻԣʱ̶ռҵţ̧һҵһǰضǸ˵
ռҵһûлŮ˵ݣΪżȻһΣȷûе˼ȴЩӦ
ռ۹ոս꣬ӾռұҪϢҲ̫ϲ˰ɣ
һŮϵĽ֮ɫ֮оͲһݣȻ֪ΪʲôռұʲôϢȴҲûʣʵ治ʲô˵ʲôҪϢҲ˵
ǣһͷ˵֮󣬱ռҴȥ


201 Ʊ䣨У
ף֮󣬹ŷ㳹ռҡʧˣ֮⣬û֪ȥսѩҲ֧֧ؼ仰Ը˵ȻҲͲˡ
֪ŷ϶ȥҩȥˣЩŵҩϪռԭƷߵҩʦǺƳģǿǿڼȫƳ
ⶼΪǲ˽ŷҩٶȶѣ֪ˣǱضˡ
ҩռ䵱УŷڰҩԱߣһƳĵھŰƿҩ㱻װ˰ƿУҲٴһ
ҩ治һˣرһô࣬Ѿǻ˯ͷԷ͡
ҲѾƵòˣϪƷߵҩʦƵģ㹻Щˡ
Ҫ˵ҩŷ廹кܴջģоԼҩʦȼҪͻˣҲƸǧΣܹƷˡ
һƷȣİ˼ҩЧɳѹֻ߼ҩЧϪҩƺţӴҲˡ
ŷȴͲںҩҩĳƺţǰܻں۽翪ˣĿҲڴˣ˻Ұ½ôδ֪ĵطҰ½ҩ
ǣЦѡ
վľ֫ʹ̫ѨȻһһͻȻļ䣬þû֮ȥ
һּΪµĸоŷ²Ӧֻӵе߲ܹµĸӦ뱦ɽսȸӦЩѰĵطȻ漴Ǻĳ֡
ҲʹӵлΣ˵δйĸоԹŷŶ϶ĸӦӦǵһ
ĵǣֲĸоȴҪϴøǿңһķң͵˺üĵرľ£ƽ
ѵʲôҪŷüͷ룬ȻƬƷߵҩĵĿһɨ㰴ҩҪҩĿʼժ
ûвժ٣ҲһݶѣΪҪƵģһּΪҩͲҪ̫ࡣ
ڹŷƵҩ棬˻ΪǱ½ʵҩ֮⣬ֱȡǱҩȴûƣƲǲ룬ȻҪƵҩﲻȡʵģȴҲ˶ˣһţΪ̼ȫޡ
ҩֽѪƷߵȣһΪԼ־Ѫٰٶȵⵤҩֵҩһ㶼ڼΣյݵģһãΪᾡɢһήٺһӣ·ûУԵ
ֻеȹ꼸ʮ֮󣬲ܹһУҲֻܴͷʼ
ǿҵΣУŷ廹治ȥֵԲеĵҩΪȫɢС£ήʮ޷ܵġ
ЩҲûˣΪȫޣήʮҲܺùʹȥֻҪ˻ţôһжпܡ
ٶ룬ľϴҩ֮תݣҩǰϥ׼
塭
һŽӲӵԴ𣬹ŷȫעץ׼ʱΪذҩһһ궪˽ȥȻջʣ
ʱţһĴָСѪ쵤轥ɣŷ͵һ֣һڽſҪɵĵҩУһ׳Ʒͼ˲棬ҩҲƳɹ
ŷֲ̧˲ͷĺоһʼǿǿվȣǿŵҩյǰϸ
ͨѪ죬ڲǶƷͼȻҲһƬѪ졣
ѪΡ޷壬ѪĲѪƮƲʡ
һУ͸Ѫɫ۳һŵѪһ㡣
˼ۺ󣬹ŷһյİƿѪװ˽ȥ룬ֿʼϵ
Ľ٣ֻر˳սʱһֱأҪǵʱû£ڣǴأҲһͺƽ֡
ʱȥصĻǿɾͲƽˣǺֱܡ
磡죬ϵر˵ϣǶֱû˽ȥ룬ɼ𵽵жôء
ȥصĹŷ壬͸оԼɵƺѥӱԷˣȻֻǸоѣΪûǸ̶ȡ
Ҫ˵ΪĻǳĴս֮ҪһҲܹͻƵΪƺͷͿͻˣڵıѾڱ͵״ֻ̬Ҫһ㣬ܹˮɵͻơ
·һʧԭء
һŷ㿴ԼĴϣӦڵԼϣȴǲǡ
һεı飬ŷľһ֪Լεĸоֶˡ
ŷ壬ڳүүǶڴõ㡣ŷڴҩռˣβɵþһȻεռһδ±ԵУȴǸоŷܵģֻҪڣһܹ

ŷҲֻһʵǿ˶ѣңֻǱҰ½ϵǿѵķˡ
ţ߰ɡŷҲʣ˵ͷƣ˵
οŷϵƣ룬Ŀʱһᣬߵŷߣżڹŷһǣ˵ŷ壬ллΪռЩ
֪ΪԼĹϵŷŻ˾ľذռҵģȻȥĳȥˣﻹռҸռҩ
ŷ嵭һЦоǲ㣬ζκ촽ЦҲǺ˵ԺҪٸ˵лл𣿡
ζʱЦڹŷ棬۾Ҳ˸ҸĹâһ̣ȴһУʲôʲôͳͳֻ뿿ڰɵߣȥѾԼĵϢ
İţʲôµأ
Ǻǣ߰ɣүүǾõˡŷ§ģ͵˵
ţιɵص˵ף˱һͬռҴôҴҶȥ
һãŷԶԶر㿴ÿ˵϶дǣмϹžһ˵ƽʱЦɷ˿ҲһĳĬ۵ףȻһ˿ģ⻹ǹŷһμģ
ͲҪʲôˣǵıѾ˵һУһεΣҪȱɽøվ
С壬ս̧ͷĹŷ壬ǿ¶һ˿Ц⣬ƽʱƽȣһ죬һء
ŷ˵ͷ侲ܻҲûκôүүʲô£
ŷ侲ɫ˶һ˿Լ˻ô꣬ľȴһʮСˡ
ŷ侲ҲƺӰˣǽüͷҲչսڽ͵ġ


202 Ʊ䣨£
սúܼ̣һЩҪȫʡˣֻЩص㽲˳
ȻŷΪŽ׶ûȴǻҰ½ǿˣһս֮˻ȥɡ
ڲʲô£ս˶ҹŷ飬ңŷ˵ĻռķҲأҲһ仰Ըı˵ľ
Ҫǹŷʵڳ֮˶Ҫǿ⣬˵ȫܴϣȨȻȻľεˡ
ŷȴ˳ĬУͬǸŮ˵ǰ㣬սûսͷԵĻ
˵ʵЩƶвǿɺôҲһӵ켶ľŽ۷ˣֻҪӣľŽ۷ס
򣬱ӵ켶似ľŽ۷Ǿ˵ˣˣҲ϶Ძһû˵䣬ֱӷԵūǾЩ̫Ѱˡ
ԣóĽ۾ǡһʮף
սȻҲ뵽㣬˲Ż˵ĳܲȻʮ׸ֺȻ֣ǸоţҲֻͲ˵ͨ
ŷĬƬ̣Ҳû˿ڴȻ͵̧ͷĿ⾼貵ķǣʵ˵ѡӣǻѡ𣿡
˽һ㶣˵ʵȻǺܵģž棬ɡӡ֣ȴûгֹҲ뷨޴ǣϣݼ̤
ΪǴĲǸˣǸˣƥеΣվߵĻǾǣϸͲմߡ
ǣǴȴռδսӣʲô
ռҵϣ
ŷϵЦԼеļᶨ˶ǻһЦ֪ŷʲô˼ȻӣǾֻԼս£
Ȼֻսˣô͸ȥӦˣֻܾ
ʵҪ˵Ҫ׼ʲôҲûʲô׼ģֱȥЩԸռҹ˵ˣϴǰ˶ڴ͹ĻȻѾвͨˣΣȳǼˣضʵǿļˡ
˵ƺԴԼγ˹ϵ֮ռҾٻΣѣѵ˵Լ˴˲ɣ
ŷԳһЦ

ԭողŰĴ½ƣٴαý˵Ŀһξۼռ뱦ɽ˫ǶжɻЦɽ۹ѵһҪŶڶ
ʵⶼΪǲ˽ʵԭ֪ɽǷȻʮ׸ִڵĻͱضˡ
ʮףڴ½˵УǾĴڣ֮ͬ⣬û˿֮ƥС
ŷ֮⣬ȴ֮еģҪЩռҵһ뱦ɽսʱڹеĸˣļ֪ռ󣬷׷ĵض˵ƴȫЩҲڵһʱռҡ
ΪЦǣЩռһûüȥĸڵõϢ֮󣬶Ͳռҵ룬ȫƨƨߵشżĸǸȥռңһٴռҴùϵĻᰡλỹϧĻǿɾɵˣ
Ҫ֪˱ɽǷĻ֪ʲôĸ룬ֻôһˡ
ܵ˵һʱҰ½˽֮УЩɽȵ÷Ե֮⣬޲ռңռôҪݲЩˡ
ʵôԭ򣬻Ϊһսռҵڶõ˹ŷŵı꣬ԭռûиô౨ЩɣڰŰɵеǳˣԲŻôһɽ˺ľ档
ˣ˶ˣǽôս
һâ¶˵Լ˰ɣ
ռЩ֮ʣȴ뱦ɽǷȻ˴ôһ仰ȻռսôҸλôĵطսɣ
⻰ЩˣʱͰѸ˶ˣԭΪԼⷽôڣɽǱ߿϶ᱻŵսģȴȻ˵ôĻǰǵˡ
ǲЩ˷
ȻһսⲻˣռȻ޶Ҳǵ⣬ֱӾͻĸֹȥɳ
ռߺ᲻⵽ɽĹǸͲҪģҲôǡ
Լսص㣬ô׼ǰˣһ㣬ռҵĿµкüˣռôҲղôԴ͵ģֻܲйȥˡ
սû뵽ǣЩƶȴǷ׷׶˵Լ͵ԴȻҲΪ˽һֺռҲô˵ģȻԴضϺһ󣬵޼۵ҩ˵ȴֵġ
ŷô˵ȻǲܿǣŵսʤˣÿһҶٷƷߵϵҩ⻰һڣʱЩֱЦֻûЦˡ
͵ԴȻ࣬ٷƷߵϵҩֵԴ
£Ǵͷõļʮˣ
ǣЩ˶һϲЦտ͹Ļ˹ȥŹâҲڽĿտ˳
Ҳ߰ɣ˶˺սһ̾Ȼ󿪿˵
ˣͱǵˣʮ׸ôôҲǳصģ챤۹ЩҲǶ˵ģô۷ǿڣһʮҲʲôɷսļһ˵
ȻһʮֱǺܲˣɷ˸붼ûʮףڵı±ռҵĸѿ
һʮǻпܹսʤ붼룡
ս˵ˣĿȻһ˿˵ûαضҪ˱ɽ
һΣɽȷǸսĻƴԪˣҲһҪȥɽ
ߣɽ۹ɷһɷַŵ֮Ͳɱʧ٣ֻҪܹԼˬɱʹ˻Σ
λɱڵģŷвɿЦ飬˼򵥾ͺˣ
¸ӦξԲֹһʮף˵ʮ׸֣ǣȫǣ
Ȼ̫ЦˣŷǿǸӰģǸӰߣһȱʮǿ
һһƸɵʮϰٸʮ˰ɣ
ңȻЩǿǿôЩδ֪½ҲһԹŷ²⣬ˣǴδ֪ĵطҲ˵
Ϊֻԭ򣬲ܹΪʲôĪĶ˼ʮ׸
˵ĳ֣Ҳùŷжһ£ڿ԰ٷ֮ٿ϶ԭĻܴ󣬻Ұ½ֻһСССòСѡ
Ҳؽ̨̤ȥԼĴ棡


203 ͡񡯴һϣ
Ǵ͹ĻǰվУȴ˸Ųš
ǰǸ꣬ȴѾ£̶̼ڣʹС˲֪˲ľ콾ʵԼǱ˭޷֮ȡ
ֻâٴһӰԭأתĿ⣬սֱӺԶһ۱㿴Ǹν˶ꡣ
ʱ꣬ǷģʼչŵȻһеЦ⣬·ûκܹӰ쵽һ㣬ľƽˮҲûκεĲѹһͨͨꡣ
֪Լǿϼԭ򣬷һͷųȫΪѹȶĻѹѹ²ȴɽѹµĸоС١
ٶ룬ѹе𺳣æǰȥռɷǰ۾Ѿǰɳˡ
ŷϾֻСҲֻЦŵ˵ͷ˸к
ţɽǱߵ˻ûɣսͷʵ
ûСش
Ϊϴαɽ͵ռңͻ֮һܲƲ˵ʣ֮Ǵ󲿷ֶǹ̶ʲԴԸ޷֧ô˴͡
Դֻ۹ˣ۹û׼ҪＯôഫԴµҪһʱ䣬ϾԴ̫һԸò
Ҳøռҳ׼ʱ䣬ʱֻˡ
ٶͣһȺ˱ϸԵŴɳȥ
ҲˣΪ˫۹ˣ˫۹վռߣȻǲٴģȵɽһ͹ͱˡ
ʵҪ⴫͹Ļģɽ˾ʹͲˣֻܴ͵ĳУȻٲжռ׼ʱҲԽˡ
ֱͱŷˣҲһսģ˴͹ĻҲ˶ʱ䣬ʱ𲻵ʲôãἤŭɽǷȥռȥռҵһУǿɾͻˡ
ıϣǰ棬ŷǿ˫§ĽǶܵη㣬ޱȡ
ԭ׼һͷ˽Դ޵ģȴֱӱŷֹˣֵȼԴͿϣ޷Σʱ򷴶ϺȣʱԼߣһһģֻԺٸѰͷõԴ޾ˡ
ȻЩһǵȴʵզأһͱĹŷ׷ˣһȺü˱һͬƺƵɳ
ǰ׳˶¶Ľıսɷжһ˿Ľ֮ɲһ簡
ʱúܿ죬İ棬Ϧʱ˴ɳıԵ
ѾһƬһ޼ʵĿտҲͲټǰˣ׷׾͵죬ԶĳԶϢϢȡ״̬ʱ۷ʱ̣ԱӦԽս
벻ôˣŷı˫ۿɳΪп˵
ξҲＱµģ˵ɳֻĻ䡣
εҲ׷䣬һԥɣûиŹŷĻôҲͲʼĳһĳһص棬Ҳֻụ࿴һۣȻ
ѽֻˣ׿ڹŷļϣ˫Ҳһǵļ
δս꣬Ǳȥ￴ɡŷһεı飬֪ʲôγΪǡǵļų׵׵ذأ
ţһЦݺݵص˵СԴŹŷ˫ۣҲӽˡ

ԭϢһҹ˵ľҲȫָ˶ʢһĿƻ״̬õòˣ
ҲΪŷÿ˷ַһǿʵҩԭ򣬷֮״̬벻öС
ԼȻûôҩģռǰвٴϪԸҲв٣Ҳмˣÿ㹻
ȻŷƺӦʲô̧ͷǰǣҲ΢΢¶һ˿΢Ц
ôˣ˳ɽ𣿡ȻҲӦˣɻתͷʵ
սҲعͷŷ壬˵ʵٰɽĻôռҵɽվ
ŷЦЦ΢΢ҡͷǣ룬սġ
˵ŻһӰӳˣǺ
ŷֵܣ˴սȻҲңҲ̫˼ˣ˻ûǺˬȴ˹
Ǻǣεս̫ͻȻˣҲͲ֪ȥô㣿ŷҲһЦش
սȷúͻȻҶ˵𣬲֪ġٶȼ죬תۼ䣬˹ŷǰЦ˵
ˬʵЦŷҲܵһЩȾԭЩصҲת磬濴ȻޱȣʵѹͷĴʯȴôҲ䲻¡
кļ룬ŷָо࣬˵ҲԷʮ׸֣ԷֻҪرߵģôƾĻټϼŽ۷İæսһʮҲǲܵ顣
һȻǹԼˣһ͹ɷ⼸ˣһôԼⷽľŽ۷ܾͲʣˣһʣԷȴǻкüŽ۷塣
ԣڹŷ嵣ĵķʮףǶԷľŽ۷֡
ллæŷֿصл
ʱһ֣װ¶˵صֵô˵ͲˣȻѣôѣҵȻǲܹԹ۵ģ
ûἰŷ͵Ǳʥŷʥ֮ͣŷ壬Ҳ֮İæ˵ΪŷʥæĻôʾȫζˣǾͲ֮İæǽˡ
ŷ˵ɾЦмļ򣬲ٶ˵ʲôˡ
ս˶ںĺȻȻǸ˲ѣĴΪռⷽ˼ʤ㡣
ʱţЩ˵ҲԽԽһȫԴս϶Ѫɺӣ¹ʵģ˵ԼеһԱûƽˮ
ŷֵܣ˵Ŀģʵ
ʱ򣬹ŷȴǰѱɽǱߵ¼֪˺ԼĲ²ⶼ˵˳ȻԷԼѣȻҪ̹ġ
ǧȷŷޱػش
ʱתߣŷҲ֣һȻѣϾǵĹϵûΪԷĳ̶ȡ
ĻȴùŷĵůůģһɳֵҲĵš
ֵܣֵܿɲǰ׽еģȻǶֵˣܿΣ֮ж벻ŵɫ𽥻ָ˹Ц
ȻܹùŷԼ˵⻰˼ģҪѶӣ
ãĻҲ˵ˣ粻ԺǾֵƣŷ⻰͵˺ֵܣ˵֮ǰǽеĺֵܡŷֵܣǶѵķ룬ڣΪһ仰ǵĹϵ͵˻ֽ壬ֵܡ
ջֽʲôģֻʽѣֻҪѶԷֵܣʽ޹ؽҪ
ҲЩ˻ֽģþĻѶԷֵأ
ΪһĽֵŽǣͲʡ
Ǹã󣬾дһϵܣҲһˣŷԸܶθڣҲŹŷ֮ˣôΣѵľأԥռҹ˾ͿԿһС
硣һԵȻһЦԼ˽˺磬ԼȻҲҪôˣԺǹɵؽе
ð磬ҿûɶͰ˸ͣ㶫ò֣ˬһЦҪ⻰˵ܻЩ˼ȴֺˬӣ˵⻰Ȼޱȡ
ŷҲϲֺˬԸЦЦȻһĿһת֮ɫһ
ǣˣ
ڹŷ巢ǵĺһ룬ҲתԴսɷεˡ
׼ãˣ飬ȻҪɤŵˣһֱǴÿһ˵ĶУⱦɽ˶ˣɼɤδˡ
ЩԭȫԴˣһɤӸǺһ飬еҲԽ߬ԽͷҲ˺ˮ
ŷһסεС֣Ⱥǰȥ
ڵΪѾǾŽ׳ڣ켶似Լȫ׵ʥӦһ켶ľŽ۷ûκ⣬սҲ
ڹŷԼΪҲѾͻƣǸ·;ҲûҩسԣǱͱֽ谭Ȼôɵͻˡ
˾Žָ֮ŷһЩģڵʿܱȲʮףԼı˿ģ似Ҳȱ˲ҲͬҲܹУģҲֻбԼʵķˡ
Ҫ˵Ļŷ廹ǺЩεģʥָȻǲˣΪȲ˵Щʥ½û˭ܹƣ˵û취ȻˣôȻ޷ԼҪˡ
ԣ֮£ŷֻЩʥѡ˫־޸޸ˣ¶ϵһֱ׵ԲˣҲһĳȣһһóʱɵһȺˡ
Ҳ̫Ե̫˰ɣ
˶ﾪ̾һ˼ֻһ㵹ãһͷȴȷǳˡ
ʵ츫Ҳǹ涨ͱҪСָſԣ˵СָȽһ㣬޸ȴǶһЩԵŷһõУ£ͳװ޸
츫ߵľǰԵ·ߣҪôʲô缫°Եʹ죡
ŷˣлĻҲһᰴСƣ⣬ɱǰСָˬˣ
Ͼë˾޸죬ڷƮĿ磬ưɽ˾ݵشȺǰһ̣ڹŷʱ޿̶ǽΣѾġ
ɽúܿ죬ԶԶأ㿴ǵӰ
Ȼ˵ĿⶼһǾط֣ڱɽ˵ϷӰշԶǱоǹǿҵƣҲʱɫ
ʮףһʮף
ֻʮǿߣŻƣ
һᣬѾ˵ˣԭ־״̬Ҳ˲߽⣬˲ľս
ʮߣĴڣû˿ԵֵҲû˿ԳԽ룬˭Կģ
ŷͲûͷЩϵĲܹӦóǵҲ֪Ǵŵ뷨
˵ҲǵǣԼĸӦȷûˣȷʮߣʱɲֳֻܱװһȻ򣬿»ûȱɽǾȫˡ
ңϲֳǻУҪһЩеģ׻Ǹʮ׾ǲսʤ뷨
ԼҪеġһˣ


204 ͡񡯴һ£
УӰٷǰģǡ׻
֮ǰŷ֪ԭ׻ѾˣڵֻݵģҲûʲô
ȻǱԴȻǱԴ˻ûŷо޸ϺһϲشУȻ󾪵˼Ȼǰ˼Դ
Դŷ忴˿еľ޸ԭʥʵзǽбԴ
ʲô˼Դġ󡯡Ҳ漴ǲŵغӿнվڹŷĶ棬Ŵ쿴;޸һʱȻǺ˵ˡ
ŷоؿн¶̹ˣʱ˹׼һʲôͷͻԥնȥ
սҲʱ׼ȻʮǶоһľսʱѾû·
ЩռҵƶǣȴѾŵɫˣʮ׵ĳ֣ǵʵ̫ˡ
ѾʼôˣЩռҵֿʼ֪ɽλʮǿǴҲվռⷽ
ǻУŹŷеľ޸˰죬۽ǺȻռеȻ֣ǵıԴ似ȻҲ弶ϵģ
ô߼Դ뵽һֿܣȻ뷨ǲʵʣĿǰûɿԽеԴˡ
㣬ǵҩַϺ̧ͷĿ綾һ㣬ضŹŷʵ
ŷ忴ϢȻͬġ׻оЩ죬ʱɲЩʱϺĻüͷҩַ
Ȼˣؾʦ֮ˣǣ֪طģˣȫ
ӶԷУͿԿǵ̰죬ǾһսģԹŷȥػȻضսô໰ʲô
ǣֻ˵ĸ֣ƨ¡
ĸһȫĿɿڴôҲ뵽ŷʮǿߣȻҲô
Ϻ˸ǱôסˣǿʮװǿŽ۷ĻҰ½Ȼ˸ô˵
͡һЦ֪ŷԸֱӹϣϲ˵׵ˣҪҪɱǣ
öЦʱϺ˵Ŀ⣬һڹŷڴЦٻʢľʱһδסˣǵŮǣﶼһ־ޡ
ŮˣŮ˵ģû֮һ
벻ʺĻҰȻΪɫġһ̾Ѿε޹ҫۣŨŨ
һԵϺ롮󡯣Ҳͬôһı飬ͷһǿҵİռ־ɫ˹һޣ˶ֵˣ
ŷɫȻ䣬˵ĿѾװŭ׼ʱɽȴѾ׷ڵؿߣʮǿڣǿνǵʮ㣬ֻſ㿪սȻúȥϴˢ֮ǰܶĳ衣
ս˿һվϺĺԼһ̾벻յĶ֣ȴ䵽أ֪Ҫɱǿ̾
Ҳû弸˵ȤڳоƳŽţһսһضⲻ˵ģеĻѾû˱Ҫ
ŷڱɽ˸һϺĿոƿ֮ʣƴؾʹһԾڵıӿȣǰ˼Դ޸˲䱻ǿı֣û˻ỳһȥ᲻ֱӰɽ
˶һ㵣ԭΪ϶һѵķϻʲôôôҾ㲻ʲôΣҾͷһģȴڵķչȻ˳ϡ
ͶˣҲĴ󿳵һŷȻҲ˵Ϳˣʱһ㵣ŷֱ˶ϵΪθڣҲֱضῪɵľ棬ǵž˵һͨˣǲ˷ѿˮ
ţֵȴ˿Ŵ󿳵ҲһԵؾȥʱϺ˵ĿⶼŷĹԣ˵ʱ
սսǾǾ˿϶Ϊǧָսȥ׹ǲɵҲǴˡ
սҪһֶθɵԷʲôʲôУʲôʲôսȻľԼˡ
ߣССŽףҲǰУ㻹˵㣡Ϻ˴ս˵ŷһʵЩͻȻˣȴҲܿ㷴Ӧ˹ֱԱһͱܿһǹ
ŷһбûǻʲôвһжѣҪĿľվһ˸ֿҲýɱˡ
Ϻ˲䣬ĿıѾﵽˣϵطˡ롮ͷȫһɨֱ׷Ϻ
ڡ󡯡ˣѾûǾȥˣںս˷ӦҲ죬ڹŷһзֿ˺ҲתȥʽѾزηҲûѡֻѹ˿־壬սˣ
ս˶ˣ˵ķӦǲ׷ӭȥ£âէ֡
˿ͷĶˣȻǲܹ⿴ˣռⷽһС׼֮⣬˶ԥԥģĿ˸Ҳȥˡ
ǿɲɵȥʮǿߵıɽԿʮףܹսʤ
ǣð뷨֮ʣŷжˣʮףҲ޵еģ
ֻŷһзֿϺ˺ͬ籩ѹ£츫ʽȫ˼£Ǿ޴޸Լ˫̺Ŀ񱩱ȻѹȵϺܲѣŷĹһ㣬𺳵ӾЧ
ŷҲֻпԼ֪ˣԼĹԵͣɱȴǾ޴ģң˵ȵöԷܺˣǶΪû׼ãԼ˶ѣ򣬸޷Ч
ҪǣԼıľ޴󣬵ԷȴǸûıڹŷҲֻҪӾЧѣѹûҪôԷ
ʮףȻ޵еģЩδ֪½ϵ˵һƾͿԺһȺˣԼ˵ȴв
ϺǱŷһɱиˣһŽʹɱУͲں㶼ȥ㣬ǣŷıѷɫ似Ҳ켶ߵȵģǰ˼ԴʮҲ˿
ʮĩҲǲ׽£ŻһٱܣһˣʵƺҪԵ͹ŷƵġ
ʱŭˣرǿΧЩ˻ɵĿ⣬ƺڻʵһ㣬һŽ׳ڸѹƵ㾳أ˭¶Ὺʼˡ
쵰Ϻһŭȣ˲ԼǱһԴʮ׵ĻƼʱͷſȻķ֣һɺӴѹҲ漴ѹȶ
Ȼǵ򣡣
Ϻ˫ԲɣĿ࣬統УҲϡٵòϡˣǧ硯Уûһӵеģ
ȴ룬ôһƨģʺƫƧ硯棬Ȼһӵеߣ
統УЩȥ˵ģӵеˣһǾž֮һǳµĸ֣
˵˵ҩǵ򣬶ЩǬϵ۷ǿǣҲǵʷδйκһǻ׹Ǭģ
ǣӵе߱㶼ôһƺδľǿߣ
ҲΪʲôϺӦ˹ŷǵ󣬻ʧ̬ԭˡ
ö࣬ö࣬ԶԶǻҰ½˿֮ȵģԣҲ׵򵽵״ʲô˼
ʱ򣬲ǡ󡯡Ҳ˹ŷĵ򣬽һĿɿڴµĹˡ
ޣ
ʹ𣬷ʹȻϺˣ񣬹ŷôܻŹôõĻᣬֱӼȫʱѪ
ⲨҲʱǻع˵ŷȷǷɵչŷΪū͵Ĵ㣬Ҳֻôѣ⿴ŷǼᶨޱȵĿ⣬֪־Ҳϥ˵ˡ
ɱһӵеĿ֮ţҲǺгɾ͵һ°ϺţȻշˣôֻжɱˣ
ٶ룬˲˿ȫȫйҲ˲ǣҲѾܹ϶ŷ˿϶ȥҩַˣȻô߼Դ޷͡
ȻкɻôȥģҲôˣǵĿľЩѣֻҪܹЩˣûǸҪǵŪԣҲӲ
һأҲùŷ˽⵽ʮ׸ֵĿ£ǹνǾɽֻ֮һжѣһŽ۷³Ѫˡ
ŷ߾͸ˣԭǴһ𹥻ģռⷽľŽ۷඼Χסˡ󡯡ֻŽ۷ûǰƾˣټϿһŽ۷ΣͲԵֵɽǾŽ۷壬֮£ֻаȥȥæˡ
ʵȷֱӾŽ۷֣ʱκŽ۷˲٣ɽǱߣҲֻŽ۷û˶Ըˡ
Ž۷壬ҲռⷽѹѹûãЩԭЩԥǣȴǰϺϼѪ֮Ҳ˽⵽ʮףҲ޵еģ
ʵҲһĲ֮ǰһսûȥģռҵĹϵüˣξ׼ˣǸʮս񻰰ˣһδ漣
սеĹŷ۽Ϳ˼սŵˣ΢΢һЦԼȲŲϧķѾ޴ӾԼղϺ˵ļѪѾЧˣ
Щ˵ļ룬ԭսеҲ˲Ҫ֪ռⷽǱȱɽ˶˽ʮôˣǱɽǱ߻Ž۷壬Ҳ𲻵Եã
ԣĿǰս֣Ҫ˵Ҫĵģʮˣ̶һ˲ѣռⷽȴһŽ۷屻ˣ
ŷҲļ٣Լл֣ҲҪ̫ĶԷĹսûаͷų֣͵ֵסһιģܹܹȥһϣ˵ľ棡
ҪȥռҵľŽ۷岻ҪһȫˣʱվվȣǾ͸˵ٹˣ
һŷȴǸоܽңҺϺû˭Զ̹ģȻǷɵУԶ̹Ļôս˾͵ڳ˻ӣʮǿߵԶ̹ʱɾˣ
ʵԶ̹֮⣬ʮ׸ֵâҲ޷ʮףսǵâͬҲ룬ԲϺ˷ɲɶûʲôϵ⣬ҲΨһֵҵ˰ɣ


205 ɳǣϣ
о˲Ϣ䣬ŷֻһ񣬾һԼ˹
ʵϺҲԼͲЧ似ܣÿԼһݵرܿ⻹ǾŽ׳
ѵ˵ӵеߣĶǿ
ղΪĹһŽ۷֣ѹŷעҲȥˣƬ̵Ѿ㹻ˣ
ϺĿޱȣҲѪЦ͵һǹƱҪֱɱŷ壡
һ벻ŷعһǹȷ㲻ˣ֮£ֻ״ͷų˻ϵϺ۶Ҫɳ£ֻһ죬ǵȻֵ
Բ۵ģΪԼĹ£ǹŷͷų֣ȻǣԿһԴߵǿȣ
ھŽ׳ڵʵܹͷųǿȵ֣ô˵ӵپżϵıԴˣ
ʵǻ׵ĵȼжߣӵͷų־жǿӵߵʵģͱ˵ڹŷʵʮߵĻôͷųǿȾ͵ǱԴ׻Ľˣڵʵͷųǿȵ֣ȫΪıۺԭ򣬷Ҳֻͷųʮ׻ǱԴһ׵ǿȶѡ
ˣֵ¹ֻʮĩڵϺ׾ٵģֻҪıûĹ⣬Ͳܵʲôв
˵֮ǰϺֻаٷ֮ʮܹ϶ҩַŷٹĻôѾǰٷ֮ٵĿ϶ˣ˼ԴپżϵıԴףܿ϶Ͱ׻ôˡ
⻹̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣
Ϻɺͷһ촽Լܵõô߼ԴԼһӣʲôóˡ
ȥһܻȡ㹻ǮȥЩǰֻܿһĸƷҩԼͣʮĩڼǧΪҲܹͻƵԴˣ
ԴߣһոµĿʼͺñ뱾һ㣬֮ǰһˣһﱾߣôǺˡ
ҲͽױҲܷɶߣĳһĻҲҪһҹҹʱʱ̶̿ΪԼģ»һ룬Լߵͷ
˵ҪﱾԴߺѣ
ڵﱾߣѶȳ򱶣統УʮΪ޷뱾Դߵģ²Ļɳ٣
ȻȻǿˣȴֱܹ޷뱾ԴߵıߣȱȽǡ
Щ߼Դջ£ڱԴߵ£ϺĹȻǸˣֶֹβܹѹŷնڽ¡
ǿˣڳ֮Уʵǿıǰ꣬ҲԼвҲûʲô⣬ֻҪ˰ЩŽ۷˻߸ɵԼˣʱ죬ҲӲڵ
ʮΧһŽ׳ڶϺȴǸͲ⣬뼴õȣ棬ͱצ۹ˣ
ŷú֪ܳԷҲֲʲôã˫ı൱൱似൱˭Ҳκβ˭ŷߵǰԵ·ߣϺߵ·߽Ȼ෴ײ϶ϺԿģϺֹȻǹŷռϷ硣

ʱ챤һŽ۷屻󡯸һϣдѪһأѪҡ
ŷû뵽ŸոմԼⷽȥһŽ۷壬ʮףȻǾŽ۷Աȵİ
ȥԲУŷĿһɨսҲͬǺ£಻ԣ˾͸ö˵ˣƴţǾ͸˵ʱȥˡ
ڵãҲҪΪ˲ɲʼղһ취ңڵıȴǸû롮ȣȥȲ˵ǻ᲻ᱻУ˵ûбУôҲĹⱾ
תͷһΣһֻ赸źһ㣬ȴĲݵضÿһսĺ壬ȴûκΰ취
ŷҲǳ׵طȻǱûΣգôԼԷȥˣ
նŷٴαܿһһȣ˫Ȼ߾ٹӿĺˮӿ˾˫֮УǻǿƣϺɫ䡣
նȻǴУִȴǸûʱֻۣҪ㹻޴εͷš
ϺﻹҶ룬һԼ־Ի˲ѣԼҲؽܵشҲ룬æ˫һ̤Ļɳܹһ
ֻ¡һ죬ٿϺԭλãһֱף׵ɳӱ˳ϺͷһٴαɫϵϱԴˣ
˵ϺӹһɹŷͼȴͲڴˣֻȻһתе£˲һ㣬Ȼˡ˫ٹȻһǷն
ٿԭΧšĺԼɷˣ·͵õϢһ㣬һŷ嵽Ĭ˲ûûӦġһһ㶵ġ
ƺǸӦʲôɫ͵ش䣬ôҲûϵϺսĹŷȻԼɱڿûʱ룬ԱһƣܿŷĹ
һǹŷ˵ģôӹ˲䣬֮ϡ
ǡ͡
ûкըûб죬ֻһŴ˵ļ֮Լ֮Ȼâɢȥ԰׵ףǰ
Ŀƣ˶طֱ֣ۣȻѾǵ˵ϡ
ʱ䶼·һֹͣˣرЩǣͣ׷ĿؿһĵĳͶŵؿһ˵Դˡ
ǿʲô
һʮףҰ½ĴڣȻһŽ׳ڸն֣
˵һжΪûϵûӦԭ򣬵˵ŷʵԼΣȻܹ侲Ʊ˵ľһȣȻ޷
ҧأˮȻһһŵҩУȻ㶪ȥ
ҲԻҰ½ϵ˵ֶϽŵһشɶ˵ȴǲʲô⡣
統УƷҩʦȻҲϡ٣ôһЩģֶϽŵ£ֻҪһƷҩܹ֫ˣֻҪ̶ֳȵˣ㲻ˡ
Ʒϵҩ統ҲڼΪ߶˵ˣһŵҩáһۡ
ѾװҼŭˣ죬Ҳô׵ȥһۿţŮ˵ҿ³лȻһһ⣬նȥҵֱֱۣۺܿ¡˳һ˫ȴǶŹŷ壬УɢһѪâ
ŷǶʱ͹˫Ŀ絶죬ѴնһǧԷղŵǷ־͵д


206 ɳǣУ
УʵģǰġˣԹŷ׼Ȱ㶨ֻпһڵľ档
ڸղţŷáħ֮˺ɷˣȻȻĴǺܾȣǵѾŷǿޱȣ漣ƺﴫҲ㲻ʲôϡˡ
Եŷתʱ֪ŷĺɷ˱ˣҲ˽һĻ
磬ʦ˾鷳ţȰѴ˸ɵȥǣŷ崫
ʮ׵ȷǺǿڸղն˶Էֱۺ󣬹ŷĵҲɶԶԷʵһЩ˽⣬ۺʵƺԼҪɰһǧ뷨Ҳǲʵֵģ
ֵȼֻаΪٿ飬пɱԷȻǿ壬ټҩҪɱǣϼѣ
ǰɣɷͬʱһȣɫҲأԸǶѣٶԸʵǿһϺɸӼˡ
Ҳ֪Ŀǰֻ취ôһ˿⣬ٰողǰսĻ϶ûκתΪʤĻġ
ɷһŽ۷ΧϺŷˡâԾΪ޷ȫӳնİԵֻнսܹѰԵչ֣ȻҲǿ
쵰ȥɣŷԼ˹ŭһд͵һӣһӽ׵âŹŷ˹ŷսȴ룬Ϊ⿴ŷе޸֪սԼֲã
ڿɲ˿Сƹŷ壬ղŹŷϺսǾ۵ףϺʵΪ˽ĩڣԼ˽ڸʤһǰСȴܹϺսƽɫ㿴СӵۺʵȴҪԼҪǿ
ŷһɴݵرܹһǵâҲٶȳ򡮻ֻҪȵԼǾĩգ
һǵâȥҲ켶ģһʱŷҪ׷治һ׵飬˵;лͷųâȻ֪϶ԷҲֹŷ׷ٶˡ
˵ʵһʮߣһŽ׳߸׷ŴоʵܱرǴ˸ոջԼһֱۣѻ
ŷϬ絶ԷͲԼӲӲҲЩ޿κΣֻܿڼ󱲣ղŲҪһһҵΪҪӣѵһʮףССŽսһĵûУ
ʱɷʲôʱһССŽ׸ƺ󱲣ȴӲɣӲɾ;ԼԿ
ҧҧҲȥشŷĻһâӳȻҲٴαˡ
ҧгݵģŷһϲⷽϷٴκȵʲôܣֲ㣬սһһ
⻰һŷԼоЩЦǾ͸˵ˣһŷ⻰һôЦŷƺҲøӿ
ղŹŷնϡֱۣŵţˣڼӲӲŷһңֱӱŷ׷ܣ͸˼飬һŷǵ٩ĻжԹŷĳҲ͸ǿ
룬ֽ磬˭йŷ͵ģԾŽ׳Ϊȥ٩һʮߣѾ漣˵ˣһ񻰣
쵰Ҫ˺㣡˫͸ܻ棬ŷӲӲΪӲԼԿ˷ҩѡⲢԼʵĻ٣ǳЦ飬оԼŶҪˣҲٹܻ᲻ԿŴӭȥͷҪŷشһˡ
ɲԼᱻɱҲֻܵ˶ѣŷǿҪɱԼҲǲܵ飡
ŷ忴ڲˣоͲɻһɫһ¶һ˿ȻЦȻôԶˣ
츫֮ڣңϵ
Ӱһŷ˲ˡǰ״ʲôҲ˵޸ĵۻıֱӾһǷնȥ
ھҪսپԹŷֻܲϧıˣԼıָٶȷǳ˿ɱȣҲǲܹܵġ
ʶŷ忪ʼǼз츫󣬡ôȥӲӣֻƵջظողɣûüͷŵʽһ̤أԱȥ
˹ŷزնһͷͿͷŶˣϺսʱͷһͬͷţʵҪΪ˶ĿһҪͷŵļ󣬶ڣҲˡ


207 ɳǣ£
ʩչķնŷȴ꣬־޸֮ѹ£΢㶵ġ
ʵҲΪŷķնֻֻ޸ͬʱͷŲܹʩչóһﻹ᲻׿ʼǼǹŷ˵ģҪԼһͷʩչļ󣬵Ѿˣʯ֮䣬ٴ͵һ֮յرܿ˵ڶ
һжڹŷƵУ֪ɲô׾ͱеģ־޸ٴ׷ϣ˿Էһ㴭ϢĻᡣ
ʩչǼ޴ģڹŷĻָٶȲͷųеͬʱҲָܹʩչһеıֿͷųʮηնܻмιõġ
նͣЪʩչٴܿûа취ˣֻҪӿ뷨һᱻһסȥ·뵽˹ŷķ֮ڣرǣŷۺʵǱǿ£ӣǿ治һ׵ˡ
ڡ̵˹ŷı̬ҲԼղŷڲѣһ಻ĹŪǱͷɢң·ңոձߴ˻ҪøӶ
ٿ˵սΪռⷽȱɽǷö࣬ʮһľ棬ŸոսһᣬǱ߾Ѿʧˣһ߾ȾѪʬǵڵϣ֫ϱɢһأѪȾ˻ɳ
ʱ΢紵Żɳһ߾ʬڸУõ֮ء

ʱҽ˵ע˷׷׿ȥ־۹һŽ۷屻󡯻У˲仮Ϊ߰˶Σòˡ
ٿڶҽдĵص㣬˶ɴ˫ۣǷ֣ҽеˣȻǡ
ֻұٴαնϣѪʶ£һһεڻɳ֮ϣϣһ԰Թ
ֻұǵڶαնˣ˵һû׼Ļôһξʵʵıһնϵģŷȴ˿ûˣȫѹѾҪԱʵȷǲŷ塣
ұ۱նϣŷȴͲٸҩָʱ䣬նٴʩչҫۣԵޱȡ
ʱ䲻ˣʧһˣǱ߸ѹƲסʣµļŽ۷嶼ʵǿͣҲһͷ󺹣ɫ԰ףݽߣ
ȣŷһ˫ͬʱʩչǷնһŤȻֱתıػɳͬǿ͵һ㣬˲ɱˡ
һƣʱŵɫ˵ϱ۶ּ˵ʲôˣȴҲǵ̶ȣϹŷûϢʱ䣬һֻţ޷ȥܡ
ŷӴΪӪ־ֻҪԷһǣ޷Լķն
Ϻ롮󡯣Ȼע⵽ߵȴɷǸƴסˣ޷ԮңܹѼ˵ľ᲻ȣȴ˵ˡ
ͷǰͲáܹŷɱʱֻҪȵɱ˹ŷ壬ô͵һǻЩǵջȻҲ͸ˡ
ǿŷȷǿЩ̬ˣСôΪȻܹвʮʵⲻò˵֮Ϊ˼ġ
統У͵ģǲ
ڿŷıľޱȾ޴ģʩչôУôвˣʱɱܹɱЩ޼۵ıԴȻҲǵ֮ҲûбõĽˡ
ৡŷ˫ֳž޸ʴͣתŲϲ̤棬ŻɳſͰԵƣͬٽˡû˻ỳɣһһı˵Ļ᲻˲顣
ɫҰף˫ĿݣȻһҧ˦ֱ㶪һŷ嶨һ־ȻһƴСĶƣɻ֮ʣֻǸ˲һ˵ĸ߶ȣ󡮻͵ץסǸƺİ֣˾˺棬ӣƺֵŷĹ
ŷȻʲôȼıڹѾ۶ɣȻ޷ջȥˣңҲŶԷֶַο϶޷ʹöεģȻղҲͲᱻԼȵǱˡ
ϺһֱעߣһóĶƣǲһû뵽ȻֱҲû룬Լ˭ûһأ
ﲻЩϧˡ


208 ϳһ
һԷ֣һ۽ǵעŹŷߣǶܺ棬ŷĹ᲻һζԡˡ
һȴʧˣֻŷתǰĶʱǸƶʱͷųһ͸ֲֻûаѡ˶ֽȥֻǰγ˱һ㣬ǷŴĶһ㡣
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ֻϵײǸڹŷĹȻϰݣȴǳܲסǾǵһ㣬ôȥ۰ȥ٣ܹ˲ָЩȻҲɵı㻯ˡ
ʱŷĶͷҲ¶һ㱡ⲻϵĹıԼָٶȶЩԲ̧һŷ巢֡ԼҪһ㲡̬Ĳ԰ף麹ţȻղȻǸƣȴҲþжôɡ

ȻϺǱǷһҽУԭɷסϺһŽ۷֧Ųסһ߷ɣҺϺõĽţֻһˣûΣȴҲ޷սˡ
ٿɷΪŽ۷޷սܵѹǸӾ޴ɷǶѾѪ²ҪһᣬҲᱻˣս
٣ͻȻһȪˮ˰Ľ߸˹ŷĶУæȥÿһɰٵâ˲䴩͸Ķ֣ʱͰŽ۷ɸһ㣬Ҳˡ
Ž۷ߣΪһ֣ʱ࣬ŷԸǰȥʦǣŽ۷㲻Ҫˣ
ʦǱԽԽֲ֧סֻȥæŽ۷壬ֻܽЩŽĩµˣôڣ˵ܹʤϾǰмŽ۷սˣƾлûʲôġ
ô࣬ĹǾŽ۷ҲѳܵˣԹŷҲôЩˡ
ЩͷԼԸǰȥֻת˲ѣʱѾŷȻǲܴĴдĻģԸıҲǲ֮һҲֻҧټֹһ֣һֹҲѲƤ
նԥŷ˲һ̧о޸һʹóһķնͻȻ뵽ģҲǽϡ䡷еġ硯ͻʹóУȻ˵Чĺá
رͷʩչȸ涼СָԱģǰʹõСָͲܶԡв
ոһֹûл㿴ŷֿʼʩչֹﲻп֪࣬˻̬˵زղôܻս
ڵãԼӶûˣƺֻҪһֻվеһ㣬һаԵ׵ʽһƵĹĵײıһУ޷ǰ
еƵȷǿԵֵŷĹҲҪ֧Ųаղһ͵عѾӽ㣬ûйŷָֻٶȣҲûô౾һֹƵֵס
ٿԼͬ飬ȻЩŽ۷סˣԼǾǿȵģڿǵ뷨ѾԶ׼Լʱöһ
ҲûΪǵ뷨ʲôΪԼҲԻô
棬ԶԴȪ
ѵԼġ
ԲУԼ߹ʮѣôûܣôԾôȥ
ĿһݣȻһ֣һŵҩУŵҩ½ʵΪģ˵Լʵ½Žǰ˽ףȴܹסһ
ֺݺݵסŵҩٸнڹŷǿ̬ȻܰԼƵ㾳أҲԼ˼ôֻ֣֪֮ҪԼʵ½ˣô˵ǻϺǷʱܲбסһ˵
ǣƬ̵ԥҲûлȥҩ
ֵĶԾһɣΪһԾɰˣŷһ۱㿴кȻֵĵҩôܻ᲻֪뷨˵ղԥµĻôܻûʱȥֹǣԥһ룬ȴѾ˹ŷ㹻ʱ䡣
ȣ
һȣŷٴμӿ˱ƽٶȣգ۹򶼲ٽˡǰٿϣ˰û


209 ϳ
͵طһʵŭڰûԼΪʲôҪһĳѾûˣǽʣһ˿ӿǰĶƵУҪһ
ء
ŻذƳ嵽Ǹǰֻ˲һ룬˲ѣǶƣҲɲǼͱɣһ̱ˡ
ڶƱʱ֪Լǳ׵ˣٶ಻ʣҲֻؿ޸ԼΣľˡ
ӽ뵽ʮ׵һʹδԼȻһŽ׳ڵСϣһ˵ı˵ĺ޻֮ȫǱ˼ѹŴ򣬲һ룬СӿӵŵġδǿߡֻҪضһ֣ľУƺҲôԩˡ
ৡ
һֻ޸˲߹ǻ룬Ǿ޴ĸ棬̺ıҲֻбԴߵֵܹⱾߵʣȴ綹һ㣬ֱӱһϡ
⻹꣬忳Ϻ󣬰ڸϵıͻȻ嵱УֻġۡȻѾΪһһ顣
ȥһĻᷢЩһһǧŰپʮ˿飬ǰŷϵֱۣһһǧ飬಻ٸոպã
ѪȾ˵ĻɳֻʣǱȾĻɳϵһĩ׵ģƵģġɫ
˶޲ؿһĻеĹҲֻڱܵĹֵţȻ֪»ᱻŷɱһĻ飬ǳ˲š
ǿʮװҰ½ʷ˵ûλʮĸʮܹǶû˵
ڣһʵʵʮǿߣȴֱӱһŽ׳ڵɱң˵ĳס
ݳЩͶĿȾΪʮ޵еģǲսʤ˶һʧ񣬾սɷˣĿ޷š
Źನɢȥ¶˹ŷǲ԰׵ʱ֪½ʷһѾ׸ġ
ʮף񻰣
ŷоԼһôεķնʩչڵıѾݽߣҪһָܹǱߵȴԽԽ⣬ֻܺݺһҧȻѾ޸սҩռ䣬óǱһоԻָһ׼󡯱һ˹ȥ
ʵһֻͨĹˣղšá̲סһľһԼ˹ؾһһ͹̵ĹҲɢȥ
һ߳ŭһŷޱȵӣȻһЦȻ͵һתս˵İΧѪЦ⣬Źŷ˹ȥ
ڹŷ롮սһʱ䣬ս˱ѾǾƣˣͻưΧȴ޿κΣŷı󡯸ϣ׶༪ˡ
Ŀһݣս͵ͳһŵҩҲؾУԼʵ½ҲԲԼŮɱ
С壬סϿָǿŵҩսԭ׵ıʱ»ʵǱ֮ǰҪǿ±Ҳ˲һġӦûûʲôġ
үүĿ۾ˮ֪үүŵҩΪ½˽ңھþ۷ս˵һĴ
ʱսȴǳĹһ˹ķӦȴǼ죬һҧε촽˲ʩչݵضһԼеҲǲػĲ
ҪЩˣүүôǿŵҩΪǣүүŻˣүүǲŻܵˣүүʵǻ½˽ף
ǣүүƴʵȥ󡯣Լİɶܻܿв
һ뵽ĵ׾ͳŭӳʼһɱ˵ģϲ˺˪ִиǲֻնڽ£
ŷ͵һסеĹȻϥʼƴػָ˱սһж׷ˣΪֻԡ󡯼˵Ѫ
ŷ»ָʱշѩԼæߣؿܣΪػ
û˱Ĺŷ壬͵ûϻ˵ǾŽ۷壬һ˽ߣܰɱˣռһʤΨһϣ˶ڹŷİȫǿɲ˿Ĵ⡣


210 ϳ
ŷ۹۱ǣǹģǿʵĵҩϷ£ٶȻָű
ǿʵҩʵԸָȴֳһţȫָҩֻƷϵĴʦƵóҼ۸̶Ҳͬȼǿʵҩˡ
ҲΪθղšûзҩԭˣ£һӶûùҩ
ʱһһĹɽһԽԽ٣˿ҲǻˣεۺʵֻǿҲҪãεĽ¡
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ٿ󳬼챤۹۹˫۹һʮһŽ۷֣ȴѾʧ˺ЩϺ˸˻߸ɵˣʣУ뱦ɽŽ۷սţһȥϺǱߣڡߡ
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һ⣬˶ǷҲ˴СС˿ڣЩ˿ȻǱϺ˸ˣǱನܵʱˣܵ湥˵³ֻ˶ѡ
ʱţսõҩҩЧҲɢټ༸˶ǾƣһȵսҩҩЧɢȥضҲ޷ֵ󡯵Ĺˣ˶Ǻõģȫɥ
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С壬Ǵ˾ͽˣҵҲָ㣡εүүʯڹŷ֮ȥҲ˿롮˵ʵȣйŷһڣǱ㲻ٵˣȫϥʼָ˱
նŷһӽ󡯣ֱӾһǷնȥղΪʯţԡ󡯸޷ܣһ¾ͱŷ
ŷ޸۵׾Ͳһ˿η壬û뵽ŷıȻָô죬ƺѾָֻһңԼȴʣ޼һɲһͷ
һǷնȻǺױܱܹȥ¾¹ŷУԴһֱɻ˼ҵĴжҪۺһܹͷţôԲϵķţ
һŤһԵЩɵرܿ˹ŷһУԼڱܿʱӵͷųһǵâͨĹȴǶԹŷȫûв
ŷ岻ܣֶûֱӾһǷն˹ȥ˲һǵâնȴնˡ󡯵Ĳ
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Ҳǹŷ֮ˣĴпͷţɡȴֻͷһЩͨʽĹɶͽ͵ģȫ޷Թŷ˺ôֻǼӿıĶѡ
ԣֻƵȥܣǣٸôܶܵйأһô֡
Ҳ˽⵽ΣҲ˹ŷǾ䡮նķʲô˼ԭֻҪķ֮ڣǿһеߣ
뵽ĵ׺ȻһֻֿţԭԸԼʵӦò񡮻ǰǱģڿȴˡ
ֻУеļƺΨһģֻȥƴ㡣
ʱŷԴɱУȴٴγɣſ͵Ĵݻһеƣš󡯳˹ȥ


211 ϳģ
󡯵ı𡮻Ҫݵö࣬ǶԱˣǶԼ
Ȼڻʣ಻ٱ֪Լֵס˹ŷһҲһĹһ㱾һתֻᵽ
ɲ񡮻ȵͷȥãңΪƬ̵ԥ벻ʣ³˻ɳһ֡
˵Ҳ˲벻ţԼʮڵΪһŽ׳ڣʵǰʹò˼顣
벻ҾȻҲбŷҩһ졭һ̾˿ɣ˲Լķһεͭͭһɫľ֮ϾͶʱɢһҫ۵ɫâգ۹򣬾γһԲ֣ѻ˶С
һס󡯱ԥطóһŵҩУֻϻһ˿Ѫɫٿ˿̵ƣȴǱ֮ǰǿࡣ
ŷһݣȥ̷ֹҩڶԷ֮ǰǿô࣬Լڵʵһ֮ھͻᱻɱˡ
ʱԼĹȴײǲ֮ϡ
ʲôûУתնûκãڡѪĿУת˲ʧûһ㲨
һŷ˲䱬ˣḻսʱ򣬲Σյʱ̡
Ȼڹŷ幥һ䣬θո׼ȥ˲䣬󡯾һ㵯ڿУۻıѾǹĵΧرеǱ󵶣ֱӻûҵĵâ⵶âûгѶֱڵϣ󵶱˺üһ㡣
ŷһڵƣ֪⹥һԼضȥƤٶȴǼ죬Լȫ޷жܵʱ䣬һʵһԼҲƶܲˡ
ŷ壡һش󺰣˲ͷ˼һǰæ
ҪŷĸӦεĶæȵʵôֵܹסʱġ󡯣ʯ֮䣬ŷҲؾͳһŵҩɵسȥ
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ʵҲ˹ŷõҩһ˲۽Ƕɵó˳飬ԭ۷״̬ˣԼǴ·磬ҲͬΪΪʵҩԼпʤ
ȣնŷоʱоһͣһͬնеľ޸ͬʱһӭ򡮻󡯵Ĵ󵶣һš
˫ĺôˣһԵֵԷĹһԹԷʵ൱ˣĿ϶Կ
οŷۺʵԷҪǿһЩ
˵Ŀٴα·۹ŷʲôΪȫĽ㣬磬շˣ˶ڴţһΣŷ彫ֻأ
𰸺ֻܿ˵ȻײȻö˵еĴ󵶲˲仯Ϊ촷ۣϾҲֻǱʮİˣôܳܵס˼Դײ
ٿһ޸ۿҪˣһͷȥҲһöϳأһ˲һͭٴγ֣ҲͷųˣֻӲؿסһɲǼ䣬ͱһɣۼ˶ע⵽֮ͭϣѾһѺۡ
Ȼ飬ɣڡ󡯻ǱסһҲ룬Ŀɿڴע£ȻתӣǱ
͵вŷ壬ֱ飬ôȥսⲻ
һƴӣһߺݺݵ뵽
ҲûȥָϺȣԼȵԼɱЩˣһԼҩЧһΪһԼ֪ôˣ
ֻǣεʧҲδ̫ˣЩԴûеõԼʧˣΪǾͲ˵ˣιԼֻһССľŽˡ
һ룬Լ𡮻ȴҪ˵ö࣬٣ԼжɽĻᣡȴֻԶ޾Ļɳ֮С


212 ϳ壩
󡯾ȻתӣڳˣϺ㶣ɫһ䣬˵֮ǰܹѹŷȫĻڡ󡯵ܣȴûһģرǿŷ徹Ȼǿ˱̬û˵
ڿɲԴΪԼԵеùŷˣֻҪٷҩôԼܣԼҲȥá
ǣȻǲܵģɲԼòʮĩڵΪٽŽף
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ܵġһϺĴʱ˳˼ôߣȻĲʵģƨûõʧô࣬˭ġ
ھͷԣֻһѣ˾ֻҪϺԼôƴٷһҩ
ȻٷһҩҲǲܻŷȥĸɵģֻĳȻŷһ
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ҩ֮󣬡ʹӿн£Ȼһɳ֮漴ǿȸӲ˫֣ʼ˶ڵͬʱͷųСֳסеɳӣЩɳڳɳ
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ʱһǱģѪ־綾ޱȵĶߡ
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Ϻ֪ѾǱΪ˸ŷһҲţһΣŷԱɣ
˵ΪѾ½˾ŽڣȴȻʮڣֻҪٷּʵҩôʵȻӵȫʢʱڵҲҪʵ޷Թŷ
С壬ԼҪСģɷһ̾Ҳ˵ʲôôһ󣬱ƣԼ˺۵ܵսߣϥ£ʼػָ˱
սҲĬԣŷǿҩʱﶼڵѪǿǵСЩģȴֻŹŷΪռңΪ˱Լ˵ȥսԼȴΪ
ڳеսѾҪˣֻһС־ŽϵĻڸ翹ǱͶ˳ģǷŭռⷽȴͲᣬΪЩˣеżˣŻǿŵҩ
ڲĸˣһŭرЩȽģһɱ⣬ŷΪѾװǿʵԵ׵콾ˣ޲Щ˽ŷΪԼżʣ½֮ϣ˭˳ɾͣ
ʱ̣¾Щƶ˽ŷΪУ˵Լƶ˶ŸɣһģʵΪ磬ŷʵɻ˵Ŀȳݡ
ҲȥϢŷһĵ׶ͬ˺ܲ˵
ԸʵǿһϺŷҲǺģҩ֧ţϺԼǰͬǡԼսһ㣬ҲҩԲܵеùԼ
ҩĻҲֻԼƾеľ棬ֻҪȵҩЧһôҲڲˣǸʱ򣬿¾ХᶼԻɱˡ
˵ʼûʼսʱŷһֱһУҲΪʲôڿͰϺ˷ֿҪԭֻһһƣռҵıʤ֮
ȻԼһƣһԤ룬Ȼʵ֣־ֻ֣ϺΪʮ׿ŰԼ˵̬Լɱʱ̰ˣ


213 ϳ
ҩЧܹӣŷտվڵϺһ˿ĪЦȻһֲõԤС
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ŷԼͷԼϺһˬͬҲնûΪŷʵȡζķʽ׼Ӳɡ
ŷӲӲǱˣȻζĻɳ׵ġ󡯾Ͳ͵ϮˣֻӲͷƤסŷĹ
ϺгģŷĸоԽ붼ûŪ©оĽţŷڲٵȴˮڣˣ
һŷ;޸͵سϺǼƣȻѾʹó˴Уն
ϺĿһʱһӽ׽â˹ŷ壬ûʩųֵǿĹŷ壬Լֵֵסģ
ŷȴǲܣӭͷײȥֻһ뷨ǾҪٶȰѶԷˣԼҲϧ
âٶȿ϶ҪȹŷĹģֻۡ죬ǽâ˲䴩͸˹ŷĺۣؿڲλŻ׵ıûʩųͳ̶ҲϺ⼸â˺Ƶġ
ֱȴûзˣֱӾͱ˼ɼǵĿӣѪҲʱ˳Ƥǿֲ
Ϻû뵽ŷȻôƴԼĹ㣬͸ͿҪٽǰ֮£ֻһת㿪ͬʱеĽһһâٴγ
ŷǲ㲻ޱ飬·оʹһ㣬նٴʩչ޾Ϻ׷ȥ
Ϻݺһҧ㿪ŷ׷ϣ޷󡯴͵ϮĻᣬԥƬ̣һģԼ벻ǲܵˣֻǣԼˣһŽ׳ڸƵ㾳أһķ̡
룬ͷųԼıȥˣôͷ֣ӲŷĹȴš󡯿㶯֣Ҳһˡ
ֻ۾¶ɳġȴһЦɲô֣ͲϺһأ˵ϺԣȴǸߵȼģΥˣҲֻʧһЩΪʮڶѡ
ԣֻϺأŲʲô۶ӣȻ治뻢ıƤ
ǻô꣬ûѧĵն̶ȴǿ͸͸ģҲ¯࣬ʹ£ɱ˫۵ǣʲôʲôɥԵɲ
ˣҪȥôҪѧαԼ󡯣ڱġ
ϺʵҪһ㣬ڵıȻҲҪֵ࣬¹ŷʮι⣬ɿŷģȴܹͷųһʮδУң⻹ٴηҩ档
ʵŷڵҩЧֻԼһֶˣһӶǿ߶ԣͷŶʮθ⣬ŷҲ֪ʮιȴǲ޷ɱϺ
ٷһҩˣ
ŷһ߹һš
䡭һƵ죬ЩһСȺɽս֮⣬˵Ŀⶼת˴սˣּսǺĹҲﲻһæŷҡ
նٴһ󣬹ŷ׼ϺһյϵرͷųתնܵĻɳԼʱǿγһ͵سϺѹ˹ȥ
ս˵Ҳɸž׷˫ۣĿбӵؿţڴһ漣ĳ֡
ȻϺʵȷǿöֻ࣬һҲܣô֣ҧ״
ʵֵĻʵҲǲԵֵסһ㱾ȴۿ󡯵Ĵ󵶱ŷһնϵģ˵ҲǱԴһɱ˼ıԴɾˡ
¡¡һ죬ŷתʽնɢ֮ʱϺǳҲ֧Ųס˲ˣٿϣһ󷢰ס
ʱڵıҲʣ࣬Ҳڰޡô֣ڹŷڵҩЧҪɢˣʱ͵ϮȴǸոպãԿһɱ
ʱһ˿ϲͬǱġ󡯣һ̳ˣ
ͬߡ


214 ϳգ
ʩչһתն֮󣬹ŷҲоԼڵıһˣϮƯڿп¶Ѿ޷ǿ˶һ׼ٴηһҩ
ȻоһΣĸоӱϮĺëƽʱܹ׵ض㿪ڣȴޱȣͷȥѾûôܻȥ㿪Ƶһ
оǰоϤϢŷҲԼǲõԤдӺζԭ⡮󡯲ûܣɳ֮С
ѵҽҪڴ𣿹ŷһ̾ϢȫᣬʦĳûбԼһռҿ¾ˣ뵽Ρ
ǸŮˣǸŮˣôһʱ䣬ѵҪʹ
ŷһĬȻᣬȴΪֻܽӲԭأȴ١
ΪԼ̣֮֮ʱֻоԼȻһ˿磬Ϥζ㣬Ŀ̹ġ
ȻѣʱѣҲ֪һ͵תȴÿεѵһĻ
һλѩɴ޳òµŮԼڿУˮճյؿԼŻųԡ
һ죬Ů˵СȻſһ̺Ѫ˳ӹŷĶͷһֱϰ׽ĺȾ졣
ŷؿһĻֻоһתůůѪɫ񡭡
˺ѷΣѵָо𣿹ŷоԼһ˲Ȼѿǳ鴤ʹȫ·𶼽Ӳһ㣬޷֡
ֱǰ˵ľԽԽֱ¶ѪЦݣǱһˮ˲ѡ
һأ˺ѷεŭŷ͵һѱסɢĽͻȻһſѪɫ飬δйʹ
ҵİ˰Ϊ飡
ʱ󡯴Цݣٴλ̺ۻ뱾ƹŷʱͱסһתһԼıôܻˣ
ۡŷ³һѪͱóǰȥǷ·˺һʹȴʹ֮һ
ءڼҪɳʱŷƴŻһתԼڵ£þŻ¶Ƚ˶
ΪʲôΪʲôҪɵ˳顭ŷ˿˱ƤˣҲ˱ǿſɳԼѪ⵱УѪɫֹסĻ䣬ѾѪ˫ḧŻ˶գгճյʡ
ʱȴૣԭɵ˫ѾգǾӨǣȴǹһ˿Ц
İɣҲȥġŷԭճմ˫ۣͻȻһ˿ɫг飬ȻҩռͳһѪҲرȥرסεĽŴɳ˭ٶȳȥ

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غսХᡢշε̡˶Ѫ˫ۣԥҩسϺ˳Ȼת䣬ϢɢĽʹ֡
ҲͲȥʲôΪΪˣֻһͷǾɱǰˣҪ˺ѣ
ʵϺ롮Ҳû뵽λͻȻΪŷ嵲סһĳ֣ǵļƻȫʧܣٿŷӶݣЩľŽ۷壬֪϶޷ȥˣôЩҩľŽ۷壬㹻˺ɷ顣
ԥճԶȥǧʣҲֻѡܡ
Զߵˣս˾Ļɱǣȴκ޷Уֻܾôؿȥȴް취
ǵĿת˻ڸ翹ĺˣɱȻĿ⣬ʹ˶һתӣȴôӵʵƬǿռˣ
˲䣬ͱս˸Χסˣ󣬱һҽԼѪ⡭

ˣ˳
ŷһƬհףֻ뱧ԼܵԶһ㣬Զһ㣬ֱԼʧ˷򣬲ͣ
ذεؽ£ǵѪԼģȴִһ˿Цݣ۵ľоԼҪױĽæٶ룬ϥ˫ۣʩչǸΪԼһӶʩչ似



215 Ұ
似ʩչһƬصеԳ߻۶Ȼһ·ʣĹȻºƴϢ˲סˡ
ʩչ似ĹŷֻоԼڵԴܿƵطɳȻΪϪεƤС
ڵҲ·ܵĳǣԴΪϪһͬεڣŷоԼƺڿٵ˥ţԭĳҲð߰ףӣҲƺʧȥˮ֣سơ
ȴܶЩֻҪλ
ʱƣŷķڳױףҲѾܲǳ˫ۣҲûǣֱɵҲǿ׳Ҳή
ŷǻǵ˫ۣ˿Ȼ밮⣬оŰǻȴڲָһЦЦУ糱ˮ
ȿȡ
һϵĿԣŷͻȻ³һѪľѪ澡ԼһھѪûɢڵأǱµţԴϪһͬڽεڡ
ЩѪ׵ȥ֮ǵȻɢŷҲ֧Ųסڵء
ŷ֪ԼһѾߵ˾ͷȴûһڣûгֹΪΣҲԥ
һӡ
ŷܹĸоԼֻʣһӣεԣǶŰ˵ζ˼Ҳ˻䵱С
ڶĳʱǾһƳԼ
˵ڶڽſڵļ棬ʱȻΧ˺ܶ׷ˣȴֻԼ統УһУ·޹أǿչȻһУس֮ɰʣһֱ˹ŷԺ
ڹεһ棬ԭΪֳȻһУ壬˲ɿŮˣȴùŷ忴ʵҲһѪʵ˶ʱҪԼȥɳʱˣŷǡ
ΪǸ𲽡
Ȼ󣬱ƹΪԼֳķŭһһͬǻԼļһԼһ˿Ѻۡ
ٱǴɳͬʹ࣬ͷŽ۷Դ׷ɱʱȻתıӰеİҲӰӳԼͷ
ǸǵļԼװһֻ̣ԼȴҲûл
ŷʦʦĸǶӰҲ˵ʱԼĻ΢΢һЦߵ˶˵ңǵֻʣһӣһ˵ʲô
ҵʱشҵֻʣһӣһ˵Ǽ֡
ŷϹ׷ЦݣȻģƵĸɿһһʯУȻþһ֣
ӳ˵ִ֣֮ϡ
⣬Լŵġ
ʱ䣬ʣʮ롭
ŷȴȻûκı飬ٴһֵ½ǿ˼֣˿еʯҲ֮䣬մŵɫĻɳ֮ϡ
ˡ
ߡ

ĵʱŷҲ֪Լȥһ̾г˶԰˵ľҲ޷ʦΣҲϮȴһٿһˣҪ̽ԼļҲԼڹκţ֮󣬻ܹǵ
Ȼ֪ϲûκţҲûǣĲԼȥ󣬻Լİ
ѵתͷŷȻ֪ʱմѪȴܹۻϣȴǲ˿ſžӨ飬Ѱ±ߵĻɳʪ
˹ոջָԭȴܶҲ˵ԼղŵĻȻҲѾˡ


޷ƣŷһҧ⣬Ŀ䣬ŨŨذþһ̵һϸţ˵һֱ˵ȴû˵֣ҡ㡭
һ
ŷͫڻɢ˫Ҳرպϣȴ⣬ҸЦ⡭
һؼУرˣžҪһ㡣
ڹŷ۵һ̣ȫָ˹ŷĻһֲ©Уرһ룬Ǿ䡮Ұ㡯ģ˲ѡ
ģ㲻ģԲġʶţؿԼǲ͵ˣǲԲ԰׷ܲƣ۽ǵѪᡭ


216 ǧ·أ޴
ܵģôôܻءǲŸո߹ôһС·ôԾҶȥءӨزεգ˲ʪ죬ȴûһоɵһΪ˾ȻԼ޷ʵ
ذ׵СֲżǿƴСʯд֮ľǧž֮Ե֣ʹҲ˵仰
˫ֽʯε˫ֱҲ̲ס۵һڹŷϣʧʹޡ
ŷʼһĻĻͬӰһǰԭΪԼ֮䣬ݰԶȴ룬̶̼գѾǽ֡
ãԶǣĻҸ̼仯ΪӰ
СظŹŷǲϣȴܹϡգκչһЦ¶ԼЦݣ˲յʧȥ˹âЦУȴԵ
ɣȥµһˣǻȪ·ϣͲį𣿡ȻЦţ˫ۻˮᣬ૵ɣޣͬ±ӣǻˡ
һ䣬͵óԼֱԼѩĲĨȥˮУûһη壬ûһɣҲ
ֻһͬЯǰǻȪ֮·Ҹ顣
Ϊǵôһ仰
ͬߣͬѨغϣ
˸źâĽиҪĲ֮ʱ۽ȴȻʯ֮ϵ̵ֵ·ǻż֣⼸֣ҲеĶʱͣĿͣȪӿ
Ҫš
̶֣絶ҵɣ֪㰮ңȴ֪һţȴǱȥʹ࣬Ҫ
ҵҪ󡭡
ɣҲѰ̼ˣôǿתô಻תľ棬㴴ô漣ôܻô׵ȥأε˫֮ͻȻֳᶨɫŲƵصһᱣ㣬㣬㣬۵һ̣طһ̣㻨꣬Ҳһ㣡
˵꣬պǿʯ͵رסŷǲϵһתԼıϣᶨƵıԼǲԤ֪δ
ڣҲҪһͬǰУֱٴ
ɺĲģȴǼ㣬һһǰȥ

ƻͬɫĴɳһ޴ǽʣˮ֡
Ƭããɳ֮Уһɺ޳Ӱһһؼǰš
ѩɴǧ˿Ѵ䣬ضΪ֮ʧɫҲı
ƻõĴ۾У˿ȴǿնûһʣͺƣûһ㡣
ٿ˫ϣȴǿĴָϸֻ޳СҲ߬סӵǰͷһҲԸɿ
ٿһͷϵһϰٸԴ߹ǣüԴëƤɵġײġԴ߹ɵġײġȻȽأÿ϶һ㣬ҪϺһȴҧűݣǰС
ǡײġһ׷ԲԵˣˣǹŷ塣
ּѵǰһѾ߲ݵŰҹҲѾľ
밮ΪԼһȴѾʮˣÿ죬ŰǰУȴѾڴ˴ʧ˷򣬻ҲȥϷ
̾һͣ˲׿ƵʣĿкᣬʮãã˼ǧ·أ޴
ˮٴλ䣬˼ʹıҪ
ﻹһ˿ΣԼİɲܻ׵ȥ£Ѿ
ʮΣÿ춼Űܹǳ˫ÿеģȴʧԼǽյ˫ۡ
ɿеתˡײġ㣬ŰߵĹŷ壬ն˫ڷɫҲֻעӰɵʱŻģ
⿪ϵȫȻСһӣһװˮľԱߣߣҲһѩ׵ë
ÿ죬Ϊɲ壬ҲҺǰżȻһɳĮеһСȻûˮɲ壬ԼҲпܻΪȱˮ
šëκӵؿʼΪɲǰ⣬ҲΪ㲻İһֱֵڡ
ոΪŷ壬ȻӦʲô̧ͷǰƺһȺԴޡ


217 Ϲ׵Ů
ʮУѾԼȺԴȺˣʲôȼԴȺŽ۷ԴȺҲΣʵǵҲӦ
ҲˣʵʮǼ죬ڣѾ˾Ž۷Ϊ
ֻҪһܹɹͻƵʮףǣǰܿĵŷҫһÿÿɵĿޣ˲ѣڣֻʣԵľӨ
ɣ㵽׺ʱܹޣĺ㡭ûȥǱԴȺֻǾڡײġߣŹŷܲѯһ㡣
ÿһθɲ壬һʣһ⣬õĻشֻǷ·ĳĬ
ʱȺԴȺĽŲѾֻٴؿ˰һۣվҲٴαΪ˿ն
һȺŽ۷ԴȺʵΪŽ׳ڣԼڰʮͷңЩʵѾߴŽ۷ζԣȴûһ˿в
ȺԴ޽ӽαһĺǣһӽչ˹âҫۣ˻𲻶ϣȴȺ޵赸ûһõ
ʬѪҺӣŵԴҲϼ٣ͻȻɫʱһ䣬ӿ˹ٶȣɫҲ¶һ˿ΪָоԴȺĽӽ
ңֹһȺһȺңǾŽ۷ԴȺ
˵ͷͷŽ۷ԴޣʲôڵΪȫѹƣȺԴȺĻҲֵܹˡ
ӦǼͷԴȺĵײɸӽĶˣںʲô
ȴ밮ɵ屻ЩԴ޸Ե˵Ҫɵģôʳԣ
٣ζʱһ߸˲ͷŶڻѹʵѾŽĩڵͷԴޣɲǼͱ콣˸飬ͬʣµļԴޣҲɱ
ٶ룬أȺԴ̫࣬סͷԴ޻ӽɣҪﱣ
ʱһȺԴеʲôҲ˵šײġͷųһ֣ҲǼϵͷ˳ͳȺԴޡ
ʵ⻤ϵͷҲҪһҵģ뵱Ϊŷֵһʱ򣬸ͷųҩǿʵټ˶ûϵͻȻԣô
ŹӨ趯䣬ȴˣһһնɱЩԴޣͷŽ۷ԴȴûȥܣΪڶвķЩŽĩµԴޡ
һӣһԴȺҲѾϵˣڴɳ֮УԴԴ֮˵ụʳսʱǶһ𹥻ֻеȵɱ֮󣬲Ż໥ɡ
ּԴһҲ࣬ȻҲúϻ֮ģͷŽ׳ϵԴ޺Ĺ˵ʵεѹˣȴȻǿ
ֻ¡һ죬ͷԴ޵ĺϻʱͰζòغ˺üȴɼᶨصڡײġǰߣԼҲԲЩԴܹɣ
٣ٴһ߸Ŀ䣬ɱʱ콣һβգЩԴ̫࣬ͷų֮Ҳͷų˹ŲȥʮͷԴ޵ѣϵԴȺ˵޹ؽҪ
ʵҪŷĻɱѾѾɵϣֱӾʮͷŶˣЩԴôǿô࣬ҲζԸ֮еεġ
Դ޲࣬ͷŵâͬȼͷŵâҪǿ٣ȴûͷŵâôԶҪǷɵϣֻеӵķݡ
һ£ȺԴ޵Ϲֵȴ㣬ֻܼӴֵıӲˡ
һʹڵıһңȴûˣͷȴЩôˡ
ıָٶȱȲϹŷ壬ҲȲϹŷ壬ȥڵıضЩԴ޸Ĺ⣬ȻЩԴҲϵ㣬Ż᲻ӲӲͷŹˡ
޵ĺ촽ҲͷŴˣ֪Ĵи޷ЩԴʵԵ˺ֻֻʱ۵ĴУ㹻ǿ
ٶ룬ʼ۱űע룬ϵĹâҲԽԽ⿴̺¶ֱ˺ϰͷԴˡ
ͷͷľŽ۷Դ໥һۣͭж¶˼ΪԻη壬Ȼһͷƺ뵽ʲôҲȥΣܵ˲棬Ȼ׼ȥǸײġ
ܹӲô๥ÿԲ²óǸֵĶһǳģֻȥǸпƽεĴС


218 벻
ȻһͷԴ޾Ȼתȥײġʱһ䣬ǸոտҪɵĴУҲɵֻɢˡ
ִɢ֮ȴ޷սڣҲ˵ô౾װ˷ˡ
üһ⣬Ҳ룬ͷųǸ۱ĴͳͷԴɱȥͷԴҲǲҵֻͣӴΣȻ˺
ȻĿѾﵽˣͫеĽƻѪĺһײġˣ
ԴȻҲ˹ҲȥΣѹ׷׼ˡײġһʱ䣬ʹθ޷ȥֻ֣ܳ
ھʵǿ󣬱ٳ棬ҲһǰһսԼղһаװĵıڵıҲѾʣࡣ
ξǿҧź촽һƿֵ֪ԼĴӲ
֣Щ棬ֲϳܵѹԼǲϼٵıﲻһָ̾ܿ˹¾½ʵҩҲһҪɵ
еһжѾҪʲôʵʲôΪﶼ˹̣ɣȫ
ֻҪܹ֤ɵ𣬾ûʵûΪкη
ЩԴԽԽ𾢣ǰͲǸӵɵЩԴ޸ֱܵ˾βһ׵ĵطŷǳԻѪЦ⣬˹Ѫһ㷢عš
ΣֵҲǸӵسͷҲֳ㺹

ޣΧһУȫ·Ϊޡ
ŷ忴ȫǿհһһƬãȻޱȡ
˵ǡӦ˵ǸоΪûиоԼĴڣоԼڵ״ֻ̬һѡ
ʲôطѵκţŷãȻĹˣӳеģ˰ããһƬǰããһƬ
ϣǵ£ΧȫһƬ޵İס
ؼǵãԼѾʧѾϣ꣬ƺѾΪƬɢ֮С
ԲκţŷһУǳ϶뵽ֳɻ󣺡Ȼﲻκţ
ûشĻƺڶ֪Լڿ˵ġ
ңҲŶһȴȵķ֣Լ޷һ֣Ƭ·ûоͷ޵УԼֻ˼
ţʼĵӣƬããĿռѹ֣ŲôһСᣬͿʼ궯ǵľطƺô
ܿ죬ŷȶΪ뵽һ⣬ԼȻܹ˼ôپʹţԼû
뵽ҲϲֻҪԼţûֻһڣɴţԼټ޵ϣ
ֻǣҪôȥȴһ⡣
ʱֻ޵İããͻȻһ߲֮⣬ŷֻһӦʱ;ϲصɴ˫ۣǸ߲֮֮Уҩ
ҩһ֣Χ߲ʹâֳһ˿ס˹ŷ꣬ŷֻоůģǰһһùŷϲĳǰ
һƬޣҲʧӳģϤޱȵĵطҩռ䣡
ʱô벻Լܹסһ겻Ϊҩԭ
룬ӦԼȥΪƬһ̣ҩ˲ռԼ꣬һĻģȻԼܿѾʧ
ҩû޵Ŀռʲôط벻ˣҲȥ룬ֻҪԼţŪһ졣
ΧϤޱȵĳĻѾӯˣǾϲԼǿϲټԼİˡ
ֻһ˳üչ״̬˵Լҩռ䣬ԼȻ޷֣﻽ҩûһ㷴ӦƺԼǸطŪ󣬾ͳȥûһ㣬Ǿ͸˵Ǵȥˡ
ܴȥҲ֮ܶǰǸطʲôأ
ŷｹ֣ȴֻԭأԿա
ʱһһعŷҲԽԽ겻ɷ겻תΪƽΪ֪Լô꣬ôҲ޲
ԣƽƽһľȥ侲˼ǰ⡣
ɴľƽ֮˼˲֪ãȴ޷⣬ٴαÿ
ٱ֮ʣȻĵһоҩĴڣͬڰеһ˿⣬Ǳٱľ񣬶ʱ
ȻǸоҩɹŷȴ״̬Ҳǲȶô죬Ųָһѣڹŷĺ£˷Ӧ
ûķӦŷֻоǰһ䣬ϤĳͲˣֵ֮ģһ޼ʵĻɫ
㶣Ȼ⣬Ǵɳ
ѵ˵ҩԼ˳ŷţȴ֣ԼȻһ꣬ңԼҲĳ磬Ȼǿ͵磬԰Լһɢˡ
²⣬ԼӦûǴҩռ䵱еģԼ֮ܿΪҩĹˡ
ĳʱʹ˵ʲô뷨ûˣֻǴؿ޾ɳǵǶӰ˼˲һƬհס
Ǹ˼ҹӰǸȻŮˣôԼǰѩ׵ɴ㷢ҧ촽žǿᶨľգһȦġ
ȻǵһֶߵӰһҡΣ˾ôˤ˵ϣʱͰѹŷ˼˻㺹ܲģŷнʹԼȴֻؿţҲܶ
ƺǸо˹ŷ飬ŷȻԼȻԶˣȻ֪ⶼҩİԼģʱҲûʱȥЩˣһٶȽӽΣֽҧ촽ǿ絶
жôۣΪŻŻǱŷ۵뵽
Σȴ˿ƣۣȻǰУùŷһۣôˣôҪֶ
ĿһǹֶŵĲӰʱʱ⵽˵ǣԼȥʱʬ
ԭŵģȻԼȥ
ѵôˣɼԼûȥѵô춼ԼǰУԼ
ҵޣҺεºܣ㼸βΪҵֵҺεºܣ㲻벻
ŷһ̾Уȴˮ顣


219 ɱ
Լ˼Сʱ̧֮ͣСĨĨĶͷϵ㺹ŷ˹
ҩİ£ŷܹؿǿնòɵ˫һʹȥĿն˵İ
ӽԼеҲָᣬˮᣬȴùŷͷһ̣
Ȼ״̬ú
һ⿪¶ǲٽ˶ԵøɱĲ壬ȴţĿг˰⣬촽ţҵɣѾ˯꣬Ҳˡ
Сأ˯ôãô
޺˵˵꣬Һء
ųճյؿԼİޣŷڵѪ벻ԼѾȥ꣬ȴȻɣ벻Լ
ŷ㿴ξóˮëʼԼ塣
Ķᣬڸİ֮ϸĺǻһ㣬ҲΪϸǸطҲһ㲻ܼɵزţȴһĨ˵ĺΣޡ
ŷؿţǰĲתΪƽ
ȻԼûȥôͻпԸĻᣬԼİʹ൱Уһʲô취Լ¡
ƽһ˲䣬ƺǸʲôȴʲôûӦһµķȴļ䡣
һּİķԴƱȴ̺·棬ƺ˵ġĸоΪơ
Ȼڻ޷Ӧó⵽һʲôĸ򣬿ɹŷȴ֪Լľĳֱ仯
ľ壬ֻ״̬ҲɿԸΪ䣬벻ֿľƺҲȻ
ֵľûʲôӦĻԾͲһĲˣңŷԣڿ֣ȻҲ򲻵
ŷҲ֪ԼܹģҪġֻ򣬳취¡ϣ֮⣬ƺ
ʵҲֻǹŷһֲ²ѣ֪취ղЧҲԼԶֻܱ״̬ȥһԣһ˿ϣС
ǣļŷͬһԹһ㣬ŰԼĿĵǰУŰעԼʱĿ⣬ŰΪԼ塭
УҲʱ밮֪һĻĻʱЦ⣬ʱҸΧ
ûпȥ򣬵Ϊôһľʹľڲ֪зʵɱ䣬Լڶ֪Լľ˺ֵز
һ԰ٷ֮ٿ϶ԼľѾͻʮף
һԼôֻҪٰʵʵʮ׸ˣ
ʱţ֪Уʱ⣬ʹָҴҶ
Ҫ˵ŷΨһο壬ܹʱʱ̿̿Լİޣ⣬ҲֵܹڶΨһ
ŷҲܹĸܵҩҲԽԽǿ󣬹ŷ²⣬ҲԼҪľԶԶҪҩİС
ŷҲòңҺҩôһĴڣȻȲ˵ԼûСĻᣬ˵Լһƻǣڿ¶Ѿɢˡ
ҲùŷʦԽԽмֻҪԼܹôһǸʦʦĸѩˡ
ʮãã˼ǧ·أ޴
һ죬ŷ޳ૣƽľȴҲˡ
ѾʮˣʼһգԼ˿һ֮⣬ȴʲôҲùŷоԼȥˡ
رǵȺŽ۷ԴΪ˱ԼβòҧӲ֪֮ȥҪôǷҩʵҪôԼЩһͬ
һ֣ŷ嶼
ҩ֪ܹҵĻҸôҸŷ忴Ǿǿ飬֪˷ҩĴ㣬ｹشȵ
ȻҩȴǸûһ㷴Ӧƾŷκ㲨ûУⲻùŷǽ
ٴκ˼ҩǲһ㷴Ӧŷֻ֪Լˣɵ׸ܡȴǲö֪ˡ
бһȻ뵽һֿܡ
ڵԼ״̬ת֮УǲǱܹأ
⼸ΪҩˣԼҲӦǿԳģַûԹֻһˡ
һŷȻоԼġ塯ƺĳǣ˲ҩгˣоԼͬһġ塯ŷĵ׶ʱһϲӦǿеģ
ҩһŷоϡһסҵУûܵһѹŷ֪ҩڰԼ
ٶ룬żֵ飬Ŀ£塯㻺سԼƶ˹ȥٶȴһӣŲƮ֮һѡ
Ǳߣƺ޷֧ȥۿѾóһҩҪ̷ȥŷͼĵŭ𣺡죡ٸҿ㣡
ΪԼôЩ꣬ô࣬ŷζ˺ģֻ½ʵҲԲУ
ŷŭҩ˷ӦǹɰסԼȻӴٶȹȻӿ˲٣ٹһңŷڽӽԼ

˿ⱾģԴԴϵذѱעڣڵıҲѾҪס
Сеǿŵҩоżɿݵԥر׼ԼС͡
Ϊȫ⣬û˰ɵ飬ԼΪʦǰǿ󣬻䣬ҲȻζ
ʱȻһǿȴϤòϤʵ͵ش㶣ǳ״͡
ϤޱȵϢǿ̹ĵζĺ
ˮ˲䲼ǹ֮ϣǿն񣬶ʱ
ûоϲûпϲҲûмΪ֪ɾûֻǳ˯˹ȥҲֻѡ
ԣоǹϤϢʱֻĵİҸʮļ֣ʮڴʮһյչˣڵõӦеĽ
Ȼͬ漣˹
չһЦ¶ʮĵһЦݣȻʮ궼ЦҲѾȥЦǷݾȴȻҡ
ϵ鶼˲ĨȥȻתǰǸָյˣˮǾ̵ĺˮʶ£ĿճգУĿѣԵĶɡ
һؼһ羰ߡ


220 ִ࿴ۣҭ
ŷ忴žӨ飬ճյעԼΣжȻָſ죬ƴʹƱŷΪǧâЩûüߵԴޣ˲仯Ϊ촷ۡ
ɱЩԴ֮󣬹ŷҲ̲סȻǰһѱס˰޵Ľʱ˵ʲôѾǶ࣬ʤ
δˮЦ⣬ӵŰɵϴϤ¶ȣһʱҲʲô˵
ŷֻоԼһᣬĿ㺬ᣬж᲻ᵯЩֳĸ飬Լӵ뻳ļȴǵҲ̲סᡣ
ִ࿴ۣҭǴʱ˵ʵдա
ΧǱ鲼ԴʬԼѪҺȴ˿Ӱ˵Уʮѣ˻ر
ḧ޵˳㷢ŷ⣬ȿڣʮˣΪʲôʼһţ
ź촽׷ڹŷļϣɵ⣬ɳĵصΪѽ
ŷжʱͻһůΪԼԼûʲô˸ж
ٶ˵ŷ彡׳˫§øˣƺҪеɵȴɵ˰޷԰εŮԼ嵱һ㣬Ӵٲֿ
˾ӵһ𣬱˴˶û˵ֻǾظܶԷĺԷǶԷϢ
ܰҸޡ
Ȼŷ͵ͬʱ˫ۣرǹŷ壬˸žϲ֮ɫ㣬ͻǵ٣
һ룬Ҳûʲôֵ̫ģЩĴ䣬ʱԼȥҲȥļ¶էһԼͻȻľϲͻƣҲǺˡ
ȴûʲô̫ľϲףЦأ֪ôͻҲ׼ʮ׸أ˶٣ֿŰɣСƺ㶼ѾҶоľΪء
ŷ尮ع˹ͦСӣЦ˵ҵΪʮĩڣľҲѾּĸӦ
϶ʱͳϲ㣬оּ𣿡
֪ŷ˵ġ֡ʲô˼ǣӦñЩӰЩӵеľɣ
˵϶Щôǿģǣ̤ôһѳ˱ߵĽʱ򣬾Ǻգȥ̽Ѱδ֪ˣ
ŷȴǻҡҡͷ͵ָоҲ˵ҵľǾԻûǸ׶εģҲֻҪһܹͻˡ
ʮŷľνڸղڽӴԼһҩİ£˲ͻƵʮĩΪҩİԼ޷ϣΪҲƲһߡ
ΪͻƵһ˲䣬ŷӦؼһƴľʮ۷ıԵ״̬޷Ӧõ
Ҳں˱Դġ
ŷ֪ˣЩӰǿΪλǿÿ£ԭǵٽڱںϹǿ
ңŷҲһ˲䣬˸ȥͻƱصľ磬ֻҪѱԴںϣȵںϣΪ֮ʣͻƵؾ֮ʱ
ȻǰľҪ㹻ζ޷ġ
Ѿǿѵ֪Լ˶ʷִ˶ٴ𣿡Ц˵
ŷ忴ȻָɵΣ㣬Щն޲ʱʱ̶̿ڹŷļ䣬ۣİ
ȻԵĽŷȻڿնԼӴ纣ı߶£˵αͬӰһ㣬˲ʧԭء
ûҪʲôҲûҪԼȥֻǰؿڰɵ֮ϣǶϢͷޱȡ
˴Լʮңŷ͵ͣסҲƻðһǰľʱᣬȴʶ¡
ֻΧѾûǿ͵磬ֻǼɽϦϦϼҫ£һһŮһͷԴ޵Ӱӣϳ
ٿһһŮı飬еݣȴôҲβס۵׵ļȣŮȴᣬȴ˸ŨŨ⡭
⣬ǡǵļ
ŷҲһ׷䣬һ̣Լĺޱذ
벻ʱʮ꣬Щ·Ȼ𡭡̧СĨȥ۽ǻľӨҸЦ˵
ǰʮˡŷһעŰˣ˵ʮ꣬ǿˡ
Цҡҡףȴû˵ʲôֻҪܹԼٿ꣬ٹ¶꣬кηأ
˶˵ݣԼˮᣬŷҲ̲ס͵صͷ
رܵɹ̵ıϢԼô
˾һ𡭡
һ̣ŷͻȻεġַȻ죬춼ûн⿪
ʱȴˮش۾дɬǿʼʼȥһţš
һĨ޵Ѫɫ÷š
ҹ˹ԴƤӵڡǵļ̧ͷؿǿգ˭ûп˵һ̵ãҸĸоҲ֮䴫š
շǵ㣬ûзɳϮţûԴ޵ϮһԵôܰ뾲ݡ
εϣһư죬۽ë΢ţõˮ۾л˸еôʱ޾
ŷֳŵ棬ֻӯӯһյСԼ˵ľȺǵܰ㣬ĵƽˮ
ʵŷҲЩǴеĸоԼʵ벻Ȼô̵ʱͻǵʮĩڣ⣬ȷоЩš
Ҳҩԭ棬ҲԼʮľǼأΪЩֱͻƵʮĩڣԵЩôʵ
ŷҲûȥ룬ԼԼձԼǿҲ˵һУҲȥѰҴ𰸡
ֻҪ֪һԼΪʮĩڱ㹻ˡ
ʮǰĳޣҲʱˣ


221 ֶ
ʲôڹŷҼϣ΢紵Լ˳㷢˿ɵĲ촽ʵ
ŷ׼˵ȴգգˮĴۣʵǲЩˣ˵ɫ͵һ΢΢̾˿Ҳ֪үүôˡ
ŷ尮ؽ˽֣οİɣôڣҲֻС׻ôһʮˣǲʲôġ
СԴҲָ˹֪үүǾӮҲԷҩȥʵ˵ǵΪ½ĵزֻҪǵûΣգ԰Щҩڼ̵ʱȫָûʲôġ
ٶ룬תٴ̧ͷǷǵҹգ΢Ĵ£˿ҸӰҲһ̶񡭡

ռҴڴʱˣϸϸһвˡ
Щ˵ϣ򶼴ΪϽɫ˫֮У֮ɫȴôҲڸǲס
ʱսɷλõշվΧһȦЩеǣɾһ̾
ղŵõһϢϢЩ˸ӵˡǣȴò
˶٣շﻹǿ˵ףɷǰǵ˴Ϣ졭˳Ǳߡ
սԾһֻ̾һշı飬֪ʲôϢЩѾϰʱĻϢҲʵ
ǡշһƺڸԼ˵ڶ𣬵һһС챤
ž
ս͵һµľΣ͵վҲŭ⣬ŭ⵱УȴִһĲ԰ס
ҲֹڳЩŽ۷֣ЩŽĩڣڵߵϣһ˿Ĳ԰ףܹоɢĲĻȻ֣ǵΪûһ߽׵ģ
ӣΪǽͷôõԸȥ˵ūҲԸǹͬսսŭȫȴûһ˵ֻ֮Ʈ
Щ˲˵ʲôҲЩ˶ӵǽͷŭǣֽ½ֻҪǻһǵģȥѡʮߴڵϺһѡŽ۷嶼ڵռߡ
ԣֻ̾Ϣŭûκô
ԴӴɳһսŷ˳ʧɳĮ֮󣬴½ĸ֣Ҳһ̳ױд
ʼʱϺ˻ôģռһȥ֮Ҳȥ͵ϮΣֻҪսһǵĵԥҩֵһȫűľսϺˣҲӦսֻεİˡ
һʱ䣬Ϻ˵ȷû͵ϮռˣϢȴռҶ˿ֻŵС
ǵȷǲ͵ϮˣȴŸڸ֮£ʮоŸ˳ϾЩռҵĹϵοʹ֮ǰϵܺãʮߴڣŽ۷嶼ûеѡɵӶ֪ȥѡǰߡ
ټϣڵռңһս֮ԪˣҲû˸Ĳȥ֧˵ı꣬ң֮ǰǼռҵǸ񻰰Ŀ콾ȴǲ֪գǻ֪ôռҶûʲôطǼˡ
ˣ˳ռǱȻĽ
ҲЩЩһĶԳ˳ռңתȥϺһľвΪŷǿǳݲѣŷǶսʮ׵İԵҲĵ׿˲ĥӡʱƣҲôˡ
ϾЩŷһֱѶǿŷȥȻôǲܲģˣ֮ǰԹŷγݣվȥʵҪԵġ
ǿΪȻ˭ǿ͸˭ĽŲˣʮУŸ뵽ϺǱߣռⷽȻԽԽ١
ǰ½Ͼɵ뵽ϺǷɳһս֮ϺƺǲκδˣһֱûжռҲȡʲôжڼţӣе½߳ϵǾԲġ
Щ˱ȫ˵ıɽ۹֮⣬Ҳֻ˫۹챤ûм뵽ϺǱȥˣҲûй˵ͦռҵףһֱռҲ˫۹ҲǳĬ
ЩѾռⷽ˿ֻŲˣڣռ߳ɱн뼸Сʼ֧֮⣬κ
ԣշҲϺǱߵϢ˵ʱڳ֮޲ĬţҲ֪ΣϺǱ߿ҪˣռңҲߵ˾ͷ
вӰÿһ˵ͷ˵ÿ˵϶鲼ž־壬սһ֮󣬶һ̱ϣĿҲǷ
ռٵĽѣǡ޽⡣
е뷨սɷ⡣
ѵռҾעҪսʹ֪Ϊռע˶ѪۿҪˣβʹ
ŲʮһѣռҾȺЩѣǰζСˣεѣȴ˭⣿
һ뵽ŷ壬ս˫ۺȻ͵һ˵ЩһֱûйŷζϢֻҪϤŷ壬ʶŷ漣ˣȥˣԣ֪ŷζһģ
ʵսŹŷ϶ûȥһԭǾԹŷӦûȫʧȻһֱһʱ仹ܹԼоһ˿Ӧġ
ǴδսΪŷֵһûɢȥټϵʱսȫŭģֻȥ˺ǼˣֱڣǶ֪ʵڹŷ屧ζɳ֮ʱѾȫš
ң˵ʱ֪εɢȴһֱڴ漣ĹŷǾסһ˿ģȻʱŷͲǱסζˣǻֱӴɱ䡣


222 ã
СζûϢ𣿡սĿ˸ĵһ˿ΣȻҲ֪˵ã
ڣռƺҲֻһ˿ˣһ뵽սͲɵ̾һ벻ڵռң䵽أϣȻһٲ֪Сϡ
Լˣȴֻ̾Ϣ
ڹŷѾռˣԽǿҲȻԽˣһСᣬս̬
շԣͲЩˣֺܵͣʲô鶼úܿԼΪһֱھŽĩڣҲûоʲôʡ
ԴһսŮţСʵ󽵣ȴʮÿһҹʹԼΪΪ˵£ȻģôСȥΪռҵĴԡѪս䵽δ³
һ̾շﻹĵҡҡͷûǵϢ
ڳ֮ԭսŷ壬жֳһ˿ϣģŷѾĵ׶˲ĥӡҲΣо޽⣬ֻҪǸ񻰰˳ˣǾͲռҵѣǶԷ֣֮
Ҳû̫ʧΪ⼸Ѿ֪ٴʧˣÿζʧȴһδһΡ
һԵİѩȴ쿪ʼԭòӹȦÿһ뵽ԼŮ̲ס絶ʣΪһսʱ˵עζˣԹŷ屧ζɳĮʱظоζȴȻȫš
ȴҺκ˵֪Ϣ˵սεˣǻ᲻ܵסʹշҲûἰʹһֱֻԼУҹһ˿
ңʵĵҲôһ˿翵ظоҲֻǲԼŮͻôԼȥҲǶԹŷΪһָٹ̵Σͺ¼ûһ㣬ԣҹڵȴţȴǵĹ
Ȼÿζʧ
ʱһһ׳˽̧ͷһǹŷϵĴ磬
ʱòȴǱѲ඼һһĹϣûһõĵط鲼СС˿ڣżˡ
ҪΪǿǸǲڿܻܲŶһˣٿϣ˵һޱ飬͸һ㽩Ӳȴܴпȵƣ
ƺڳ֮˶Ѿϰģ֮Ҳû̫뷨Ϊʮ꣬Ǳӣ˲֪ٻˡ
ȥ鷳ˣХæǰһƿƷҩУʵ
Դһս֮󣬺ʱʱĶǰϺǱɱһЩˣʼʱսɷ˻ȰһȴأټʵֻҪϺӲɣܻû̫ģ֮ҲûȥȰ衣
ÿλ޲һ˺ۣʮȴû˿ֻҪһãٴǰȥɱһЩˡ
ö֮ԭƫҲתΪ˶壬û˭Ϊежģŷཻʱ䣬춼ֻô䣬ȴΪŷΪֵܣ˲Σȥֵܱ𣬸ʵϣ˭ģ
ϵûϢޱؽӹХҩҲûȥشĻһھʹŷ
ХЦһ֪ôʣֻε̾һʱûСϢ
˵ͷҲû˵ʲôοеҩӣȥһ˫Уȴһ˿
Сǹ¶ûκεѣһֱǹ¹µһˣԴʶŷԺȴӹŷϸоֵһУֵ壬Ϊϧ
Ҳ֪ԼˣѶĻŷҲͬԼһȥΪԼģ˵ŷ֮ദ֮࣬Ҫһһ仰֪Է뷨
ԣǻԼҲһҪΪϵܱ𣡺гɱ⡣


223 񻰹
ˡͻȻһǻֵ̿Զһֻŵĵһͻ־ĸоͬʱ˵ͷ
սһü˵ҲǲһϾһ֮ʱҵģ˶ü˳ȵŻŵĳɺͳʲô¿˵
ǣǱߣдˡ˼ѵһĭָҲָŶϷϺǷڵء
֪챤ҲϺǷ֮ս˱֪빥ϮռҲԶˣȴû뵽һ˳ϺǱ߾׼ˣռһֲ
ǻ˵Ǹ׼ʱ䣬ҲûκôռҵעĽ֣ǣŷܹ
˶ֻ֪һѣô궼Ѷʱƺǲܵ顣
ǱΣҲûãս˼ǰѲƽһ㣬Ȼʵ
ʱͷ˵ȷǺҪսϹž޲Ҳƽ˲٣˼㱨ݴĿɿϢϺǱߵѾȫϣʽƺ
սһϺǱ˼࣬͹ķþһʴ޷֣ǴЩ˳ȡĻҲǲóġ
Ҳ֪ͬϺԲ⻨Դͣ¾ǰЩԴȫĹ⣬һ㲻ᡣ
ԣһ˽ͷ͹Ѹײڶ֮ƻռңʱսҲû˼ȥΪεʱ˲űϢڣɲЩʱ
Ȼ׼Ը׼֮ʱǴ͹Ļ֮ȴǺȻһҵĲһӦɲڳ֮޲ɫޱ䡣
죡죡ȥ׼ӭսɷһ˻ƵĴȣǸ˹ȥսǲͬһʱ̣߶ٶȷɳ۶ȥ
ڴˣռҵϵºԥظ˳ȥ֮⣬˵ɫһ粻ʱˣռҵľƻûκκתλռһͬˣԼֻܹһ
ҼͻȻضܳӰһαսأȴԼĶȴûһɵس˳ȥΪ
ףҼȻʦ£ôҲռҵһԱˣռѣҲӲңҲȥǼʹˣռǿʸռѾӱܣк˼׵ĺȴû˿ͣ٣һ˼ᶨĻƮžĴУƮÿһ˵ĶУ˵Ĵ̶
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󼸴ʧܵ͵Ϯȴʹֻʱ֣ͣʼΪԼЧ㹻ǿ֮һٴݻռңȻ治ģ
㲻ΪĿıԴҲһҪռңʮıÿÿһ뵽ŭա
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۶ɵһץסϺֻʣԴ¶һزҽУٿϣѾһƬŤ


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ٶ룬ŷľٴοžҪôݣҪô翹ҪôߣҲٴһתһֵļâЩѾʣ߳ȥ

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Ķʮˣɫ壬ճɵɵԱӻ֮⣬һҴ档
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ֳ棬Ǽ˴սɷҲǻֱð亹һɱʮˣ⣬ǻҰ½ʷ״Σ
ҲûùŷָϾɱķʽԣùŷʴȣΪŷ岢û׼ȥЩڣЩ޸֮ŮնݳϾֻҪЩкڣôпܻᴺ紵
⣬ҲһЩһĹַΪûĸԼº󻼣սǶԹŷûȥɱЩ˵ΪǺʴȵˡ
ң𿴹ŷһɱôˣʵҲΪһһӾЩ𺳵ԭʵ£ֻҪǾŽϵߣĸճ˼ʮϰ˵Ѫģ
ٿŷ壬һƬȻҲûЩĺ󱲣͵˺󻼣ȴͲ⣬ⲻʴȣǲмȥɱ޸֮ˣûй
ڽ᲻Щ˳ɳ󱨸Լǲģûвܸɳ


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ŷ߱ɱʮߣѾȥʱ䣬죬ǻҰ½Ϊ졣
ԹŷǿļɵԹŷĺĿ־Ͳö˵ˣŷɱʮѪѳɺӣ̱صϢ󣬴½ϵˣû˲ŵøεѣɢġ
ŷ塮ɱħͷĳƺҲȻȻдֻҪŷ֣еĲֻǳݣɥĲ
Ȼ֮ģǴ½ٴζΪռҵռݴ½߳ɣڹŷɱЩ֮ЩҲȻǲڡ
һӣ½ϡ
Ȼˣֵʮָùˣ½ȴûΪʮ˵ȥܵκӰ졣
ڴ½˿ԣʮ򣬻ͬˮеһˮһ㣬ȫԺԲơ
ЩĻҲٴ𣬾׷ð˳̶ֻʱѣðѾҪָ֮ǰˡ
ҲָֻѣЩһͶ򳬼ʱҪ֣ǾԲܵ飡
һ˱Ҫ۷ִ֮⣬ǵҲԲһγɵģֻоʱĻۣۺˣһ
ĸһĵһ²ȥռ̣Ҳȥ˲ż룬ǰռҡ
ڴ½ʽѾʣռɱһҶѾעһ󳬼ʵʼձ˫۹ҲڵõŷعϢĵһʱ˹Ը˳ռңֻռҵ¡
ʱ򻹱Լ̬ȣǲɵ˾ǳմˣοɲΪռһŹôõһưԴ½Ļᡣ
ʱԼʾ˳ĻôʧľͽԼ˫۹ˣԣֻй˳ܹס˫۹ڡ
ңζԹŷ˽⣬ռҵĽԼ˵ûʼվռⷽȴҲûԹռңܹ϶ֻҪԼ̬ȣռҲԼ̫ѿ
ʵҲȷͬǰ㣬ڵһʱϵռҵʱռҵ˲ûжԼ¶һ㲻Ϊ֮ǰЩǽͷ˫۹ѾƵǷǳصˡ
ˣ˵Լ뷨󣬹ŷ廹΢ЦسŵҪ˫۹ƿƷߵǿʵҩƿƷߵ˵ҩڳεͬʱҲԹŷִ޸мҲ¶˾ģһΣռӭټǧʮҲɻԥվռⷽռҹˣ
ŷЩ½ģռһᱨǱ˼Ѫһ㣬ȫռҸԼģΣǲΪЩҩļŻǵĵȷȷسˡ
ʵ£˭йŷģ˭ǵģ
˳ռңռһԼйͬ뷨
һʱ䣬ЩҲ׷ǰռңûκһûģͬ񳯷һ㣬ռһ۶أռҵ׳ǳưԴ½ѾƲɵˡ
ŷȴι˳ʱֹһ֮⣬ҲûгֹȻЩǰĵǶԴ˺ź֪ڹŷΪԼ½û˭ʸӼ
ɽ嶥ٻţ΢ش£ϴһ˻㡣
Ȼڸǲסܰ㣬˶Ϥζùŷĳ
⼸죬һȦΣҲ𽥻ָ֮ǰģ͹£ȫȻıĴУҲΪʵǿøӵԣŷ§Ͳɿˡ
κγˣϤζϤ¶ȣһ̵ģҸĸоҲļ䡣
ŷ壬һ׼ȥ̽Ѱδ֪𣿡һᣬκȻջ˿ǿյ˫ۣתͷߵİʵ
֪ŷѾڻҰ½Ǹأڴ½ľѾռɱưԵľ治ת֪ŷѾ뿪½Ĵ㡣
ŷԣ΢΢һЦתͷţ뿪ǿ϶ģڣ٣ҲȵҵΪͻƵǸߡ
𿴹ŷڻҰ½Ѿ޵еĴڣȴ֪֪֮ԼʱΪȥ̽Ѱδ֪磬ԲǵѡҲһˣһָֻɵԼǧٱˡ
ҲǵǸ磬δ֪Ҳڵ׵ĴڣҲӦһԱϾԼôౣķڣΪͷųϵֵĻֻҪʵǿģûʲôΣյġ
ǡǲǲȥԥһ£ڻ̲סʵ
ܹоõŷĵ׵뷨Ҳǹŷ嵱ԼԼĳӦЩص㣬صǣƺιŷҪһ˶ǰ
ŷ̾һֺγηֿЩطضǸƣΣصģԼ޷ȷܱܲοǴΣ
ԣΪεİΣֻǰȥ̽ѰȵԼʵ㹻ˣٴȥڣԲԼȥðգ
ʵô֪ܲŷΪԼİΣոôһ˵ҲֻΪＫ䲻ѣŸովʮһҪֿˣ˭᲻õġ
Ҳȥֹŷ壬һֱ֪ŷԼ룬Ҳĳûбȥǳ飬ңǹ֮䣬ôܲ°ɵӰ
Լİôɫôֻ깵ĻҰ½ϣĴ̨ϾĴأ
뵽αȻһЦҲŨŨᣬɸǽԣȥֹ֧ѡ
ţ֪ģİɣһģȥģδˮᣬڹŷһǣ촽˵
ŷһ⻰ͷͱůİ治֪Լϱ˶ľ㣬ܹƽӣ
˽ν˫ۣŷͷؿˮ۾ӡյİȻЦʵΪֻаأ
γճһЦĿᣬΪѽ
黰Ļһ˵ŷﻹ̵סʱ͵Դ͵ӡǽ޵ĺ촽ϣҲǳػӦ


228 ŷĳŵ
ԭտռҴãʱѾ˷ϸϸһȻнʮ
ٿˣһϤףЩˣǴһʼռҹˣͬѵĸˡ
Щ˵ϣһɨǰѹֺͿֻţһϲú˷ܣռɱưԴ½ҶЩᶨ֧ŵģҲȻ޷ĺô
˵˵ĽңңÿҵõʮԴǧƿƷҩ裬õռϿɣ˵Ǽܲǿռȴûаǵʸǵѡ
Ͽɣʲôֵ˸ˡ
ȻռȻǵѣҲǳýˣʲô鶼ռΪף
ȻˣȴǺСû˴ҲûгԷսɷҲˣǣڵŹŷ塣
˵սǳȴŷСЩʣŷЩΪѾûٰСˣ⣬ڶǿߵ𾴡
ÿ˶С죬۾һʱʱſڣҲûǵ̫ãֻ⣬Ӱڳˡ
һŷΣ˫۾һ׷ֹͣ죬æվСģʹģرȭ
ȻҲֻЩƶˣЩСŷֲǡ
ǰǰ˶ͬرȭҲǵûһȹŷСģĸǴ˼ǧ꣬ǵΪ䳬ٶ࣬Ҳýǰ
˶΢Цųܵ˵ͷǻӦôʹĽǰҲûκβʣ鵭Ȼݵ˼𾴵ע£ȥ
꣬ݼʦݼʦһһŷؽе
ڹŷɱǶʮ֮󣬼Ҳûټŷһ棬죬ʮʦͽ״μ档
ţ̶ʮ꣬͵˾Ž׳ڣҵİ˽ĩڻҪߣܺãŷļ򣬺Ȼһ֣һɢŵâĵУЦŶ˵ǸĽ͡
ʵŷԭֹΪʺܲΪϴϺڴ˵ǷǷȻ˸˹ŷģ˶꣬ŷǴĵ׵Ľˡ
ϲؽ˹˵ҲռҼԴ裬ȴûãʦ͵ȣȫһ
裬ǶԼһֿ϶
ллʦٴһ񣬱ǳʶȤȥһЩǲ͵ĽʵĿ£ԼλÿʼԴһḧе
ŷϵܣ⼸һֱ룬ڵΪǺּˣºһֱ΢ЦĺͷһˬʵشЦǰŷݺݵӵһ£ЩЦʵ
Ϻһ۱ܿŷΪȴ޷֪ˣ⼸죬սʱ۵ҲǹŷΪ׵ʲô磬ֻΪŷһɱˣȥȥˣټ⼸ʵ̫࣬Ҳһֱûлȥʡ
һ𣬲ֹǣȫ˺Ŀ;ۼ˹ŷϣǧ˵ĴãһӾͱ
ŷ΢΢һЦʮĩڡ
ԽһĿ࣬Ȼ֪ŷΪضʮϣȻǰҲܻϺ󣬵ﶼ²ţŷΪҲʮ׳ڶѣΪŷǿ漣ٶ࣬Ҳ˵̶ʮ꣬һ±ʮĩڡ
ϾʮͻƵʮ׳ھѾǺŵˣһֱûʮȥ
οʮĩڣ
ʱŷ׿ڻش᲻ģûŵҧͷõˣȻоǲţ֪ŷǾԲԿġ
Ҳһ뷨񻰣ﻹ漣˰
ϣôԻĹڣ⻹òǻˣ
һŷĻǺһҧͷһЦʮǰԼΪԸһԼȻҲǿ˲٣Ҫ˶ӦҲܹͻƵʮˣ͹ϵԼѾϲ˰
ģΪŷǿеԵĸˣʹһŷţЦСӣ⻹òϸһȥˣǴզģ
һ⻰ǷһЦ֪ڿŷЦֻϵĺⶼ켷һȥˣ֪ȫûһΪΪŷĲ˼
ʱսɷշȵЩҲΧʱʱ˵Ц䣬һƬ֡
ս˲˸ԵλϣŷΣȻ
ŷǰǰľƱΧ˵ôһ仰Ѽ顣
νѣҿʲôֵѣ죬ңŷ壬Ҳڴ˸һŵֻҪλκβɽѣռңҹŷ壬һᾡΪǽѣֻҪռһһȣôͲ˴ң
ĻҾͲ˵ˣٴллλ뿪ʮ겻벻Ļ빲ȸΪ
˵꣬ŷͷһ˱ҾƣȻ͵سŵһˤֻžһ죬ƱӦѡ
ŷǳյڴ֮лصţڳ֮һ⻰϶ʱ¶˼ϲžƱֹ֣ס΢΢
ǶףŷǾŵ״ʲô˵˵ⷬȥͲ֪жֻǣЩ³ҲԲȥص⡣
ŷ˵ġֻҪռһһȣôͲ˴ҡǼϲ˹ŷ仰벻ٷչǲܵˣ
ɣ
ٶ룬̧оƱһͷͰѱоһںȥ漴ѧŹŷӣеľƱһң֮бһž֮
ǺǣҶ³ԷɣŷһЦֶ̧ѹѹȻȥڿŷºη׷ӣϹβסϲ⣬ʼ
գҲղŵһĻø
һٷֱǴԵҹʮɢûԶ٣ȴǻ˺ü飬Ƹǲ֪˶̳ˣֻܶѻɽľ̳ͻЩĻ᲻ֱγһƳء
ǵΪǺһƶʲô⣬ȻôƣܻĶ֪мˡ
ҩռ֮ڣŷһ¯ǰ۾ҩ
ӴӰ
ڹŷԾûȥŷεĶ磬ڹŷпˣҲܽҩռ䣬һҩ
Σȴȥĸ׺ȥˣôûȻ˵Ļ⼸죬ˣΪŷҩ֮󣬱ǳȥ֮ʱˡ


229 ŷҰ
ڱԴںϣŷ֪ԼǸѾԶڵȻҪһﶼ׵Ȼʱ䶼ȥ硣
ʵȻһֱںţŷȴоԼľǸ绹΢ôһ㣬²⣬ľûȫͻ֮ǰӦǲ᳹ںϵġ
һľͻơ
ַǰ¯֮ϣھĿ£ڵıԼǶ붦¯ڵԴԴԴԴϵشҩģһ¶ȥҩֻʣĲ֡
ҩĳʸռ֮ʱ񣬱֮ǰǸҩƷҪһ㣬ΪƷߵȣǻҰ½Ʒҩˡ
ҩİŷҩٶٴδǿղŴҩģðҩĻҪӲܴϡ
ʱŷƵƷߵȵҩ׼˵ģǿʵͳͳһƿһЩ͸ЩռҵľԼߺռҺɱˡ
Ψһϧǣŷ巢ôһ㾫ͿޱѣһƿҩǰĻ¶ܹͻƺüײ㣬񣬿ܶҪƳʮƿпƷҩʦżѣͻơ
ŷȻһЦԼЩʲôҳΪҩʦŶãһ·ɱƷߵȣⶼѾ֪˶ˣѵھ֪ˣ
ҡҡͷٺ˼룬һӣǿɵĳˬĵҩһЩҩҺ㱻ֱսƿȻʼһ¯
ιŷƵҩƷߵȵģһ׵ģԼǾ˵İ˼ҩЧҩﶼϵƷȵЧˣȻ׵Ļ鷳һ㣬ҩҲҪļɣɹŷں
ֻԼٻʱȻռҵʢ
ռҳưԴ½ʽһƬδ˭˵δ֪ϼ֣˵ռң½Ļָֻ֮ѡ
ˣһ㣬ҲҪȷռһֱ˥
ƵƷߵҩɹŷȻһĶãһҩһ߹۲ԼڵĶ
ʵԴʼں֮󣬹ŷûȥϸ۲ڣÿʱ˽˽һ
˵壬һ߰ٶʮѨλԴǴеġ
Ѩλʵ͵ģҲֻмʮѨλѣԹŷΪ߰ٶʮѨȻȫˡ
ŷܹظоԼ߰ٶʮѨλѾȫÿѨλһǱһԴ
ʱ߰ٶʮѨλѾһһʮ˸׵ںһ𣬱˵ġŷоֻҪԼԸ⣬̲ƺܹصġԼá
ٿģһѨλں֮⣬ĶûʲôŷҲʱ˹ںһѨλһѨλںϵģͬʱУȵ߰ٶʮѨλȫںˣȻȻͻˡ
ʱŷȻ뵽һ⣬ƺԴʼںûĹκһԴǶ٣ڱ㻹Ƕ٣
Ҫ֪Դıʱʱ̶̿ĵģģǾ͵ˡ
ĿǰȷԵ̫ˣΪŷǵʱԼһɲǣԴǴڱ״̬ڣҲȻˣ
⣬⵽Ǹʲôŷ彣üɻ󣬵ҲֻɻѣûеĻʲôΣգҪΣգҲ϶ͳˣֱڻûκζ
ѵΪǸؾżԭ򣿶ֻҪǸ磬ͿԲҪԴܹ˲ɣϰ죬ŷǵóôһȻ֪Լ²׼׼ȷҲֻ˵ͨˡ
ˣʱȥǸطʲô֪ˣԼ룬ӽҩȥһʵڣһᣬŷ廹֣Ҳȥ룬ģ˶񣬿ʼһһҩ

ƿҩʹԹŷٶȣҲǻʱɣһǲ߲ݲԲȵİҹ
վͷ˿Ƕѻɽİƿŷڴһ
ſ˫ۣһ³һڵʣϸоʲôƣۣȴ˼ƣ֮С
Ҳ̬ľʱ޿̵ƣκһƷµҩʦſˡ
໰⼸ҲһֱſڹŷŹŷ壬Դⴢ࣬Ҳ
ʱһվæһػХӴһԾһ¾˹ŷߣȻǱȹŷ˶һĻͷΪǵعţͲûͷŷϴˡ
ŷ忴ǵģΣԴԼ֮󣬱ûʱԼҪȥι磬Ҳ϶ǲģٽź֮Լһǰδ֪̽ڵʵǿҪռңԣһ֪ʱܼˡ
ŷӦŷԼ뷨Ȼܹоõģæ˵ˣ㲻Ҫңн죬ȫΪİȻҲѾϿˣ˵Ϊ
ŷʱһЦжĴԴ˵ҲӦ֪ҽĴģռ˵ΪƬߣĲ֣ռһǲɱģ㼴ͻƵʮףһͻƣԼϺʵĸֶˣԣΪռҵİΣֻίˡ
ģֻҪȵǸδ֪絽ʲôģұʱһ£
ˣί˵ˣҲˣǣҵְ𣡡ҡҡͷͫ¶ΪԻļˣңٴ£
һŷ΢΢һЦһַǳ϶ͷŵ
֪Ӻʱ𣬹ŷоԼԽԽԼ۵ʱ򣬱׷Ŵ½۷壬ȵԼ̤½۷壬۽ӿ֮ȴȥ׷۷ˡ
ѵģ޷𣿹ŷʱ⡣
ȴһ㣬ھԼȥ׷۷ҲѾˣʦʦĸĳ𣬻Լ
֪ȺʦʦĸЩ˵ǿ˺εȵز˵˵ı˵ĶӣǬߡ
ôȥˣضֹǸʵˣ
ڵʦΪҲ˵顣
ԣΪԼĵ׵ǿҰģΪʦʦĸĳԼҲҪٶȣ̬ȥ̨̤


230 ȥ
ҩռŷ̧ͷ˿ɫʱ֡
߰ɣȥáŷҲͣıȻ󿪿˵
ǣӦһŹŷñܶȥ
Ϊҹϵҩŷľʵ̫ƣˣ붯һ£Ȼô·ֱӷɹȥˡ
һ䣬ŷǿɵظӦ˵λãʩչ˴֮ǹŷ壬Ҷȥһ£Ҫ˵һ˵
ǺǣСӣڳˣ찡֪ĶȥˣŷĴһȥ߱Х٩Ļ
ϵܣǲȥĸƯĻȥˣЦĴҲ漴˹
ǰŷѾѳˡ֮似սȥѧϰͣѧħ֮ִ似СһԹŷҲͲҲܴеˡ
ŷ΢΢һЦҲûȥǵĵЦ˵˼֮󣬾˴ſڡ
һս˱ҴҸˣΪ⻹ǹŷһټ˵飬֪϶ǼҪ飬Ȼǲܵˡ
߰ɣȥ˵ɷָֻͬưİ˯ѵģŴȰĹŷļ˵
šŷЦŵ˵ͷȥ
ιŷҪ˵ģȻǹԼҪγȥ棬ȵΪһͻƣҪ뿪飬粢ֻлҰ½δ֪ĵط飬Ҳ϶Ҫ˵ģŷɲǵĿһֱССĻҰ½ΪԼڣǣҲضҪ磡
߽ûûһᣬХᣬε̣үүүүǸүүҲˣշѩΡ
һز˹ŷߣҲгڣ§ŹŷĲǣУڻİ⡣
Ų̶̰죬ξʱʱ̶̿˼ý޷ŷ뿪˻Ұ½˼ֵز
ŷһ̾ǲȻһͬǰȥ뷨ͱѹסˣﵽжն֪ôһͬȥðգ
һŷ飬֪뷨ղֻΪ⼸رԲŻ᲻˳ڳôܵĶģһعʱͱȾһ˵ĺΣæСԴڹŷϣȥһĸˣ밮˵ĻҲ˵ˡ
Ȼһŷ˾һ仰û˵ļƺһԷһһ񣬾ܹ룬
ϬҲ˵ǰɡ
ս˵ûθղŵΪʲôʣοСڸЩĸ˻أôܻ뷨
ˮȴֳ˵ԵĽŷһ⣬ûȥ˵٩Ŀ⣬Ƭ̺󣬱㿪ڶʵ֪ûʵϣֻлҰ½ڣδ֪ڣ
ŷ˵£ҲЦݣִŵɻ󣬲֪ŷͻȻʳôһ仰Ǻ⡣
Ȼһŷ仰˼ѵ˵ϣĴڣ
⣬ôܣ
׻սɷ˵ļʶ㣬ǻ࿴һۣȻ𾪣ȴҲû̫ʧ̬
սѹסüһᣬ˵ʵˣΪֱڣǶ㲻Щ½ֵʮߣΪλһʱͻͻȻʧʧȥԣǾһֱ²⣬ϣǲǻҲ֪ĵط
˶٣ս˵²ⶼ޷õ֤ʵĸһʮߺȥʣҲ˵һʱ䣬ʧҲֻ֮ܲ⣬ҲΪ˻Ұ½صš
˵ս˫۳ֳһ˿ֱŹŷ壬ʵС壬ǲ㷢ʲô
ŷ˵ͷشǵģܹ϶ϣڣ
û˵Լ֪ģΪûбҪֻҪ֪ھˡ
ʵҪ˵ĻŷǴԼΪ֮󣬾뿪ģʵֱڣ֪뿪أҲһֱֵ飬Ϊ֪ǰЩʮףһʱʧ˵ߣ϶ȥǸطȻ޷ȥΪλͻȻʧ
ǣԼҲѾʮװΪλ֪ȥ


231 ⿪
ŷ϶ĻشսɷˣоԼĺҪͣˡ
ȻһֱûͻƵʮףǲʹǲû˻Ըȥ֮ܡ
룬ŷʵ֪ǰЩʮߣŶǹòŻʧģ
ʱ˵Щģһ¾ͻʧõģƺǸ˰֮ʧġս˼رش
ŷԵ˵ͷѾ²µʲô漴սһ仰ӿ϶е뷨
һǳ֣Щʮߣ֮ǰ᲻ᡮȥҲ˵ûиоʲôֵĵطǹһʱ䣬ͻͻȻȥ죬ϿʼһЩ飬ٹһʱ䣬Īʧսü룬ɻ˵
ŷ˵ͷѾЩΪʲôĪʧˣֻһܣǸδ֪ˣǴˣ
Ϊʮߺһʱ䣬ʲôֵûУڵԼһ뿪½֪뿪
ͻȻȥ֮ʼԼ׼뿪飬ʱǣѾ֪һЩʲôĪʧ
ŷ²⣬뿪Ǽ죬һȵõδ֪˵Ĵ̶ʲô飬Ҳֻͣź
ѵ˵ٹһʱ֮Ҳյδ֪˵Ĵŷ˼ţȻ֪ΪλʮϵߣҲûȥ룬ʱԼȻȻı֪ˡ
ͶˣҲ룬ǰЩʮ׸ֻĪʧһǵõδ֪ϢȻŻ뿪ģΪʲô˵ΪʲôҪǰȥҾͲö֪ˡŷԼ뷨ʵ˵˳
һŷ˿϶ĻսҲЩȻˣ˻Ұ½ĵĻôЩʮΪλͻȻʧƺҲܹ͵ˡ
Ȼǲ֪ЩʮΪʲô˵£ߵĻôͻȻҲȥϸˣΪĶǸ顣
С壬Ǹ˽٣ɷŵ˫۴ʱţ˸˵㼤˷ܵʵ
ŷЦҡͷȫ˽⣬ֻ֪ضǸƣǿ꣬һˣǿˡ
⻰սɷ۵׵Լ˲ɢȥʵǣô֣ǿ󣿡
Ȼˣ˵˵ǰЩʮ׸֣ΪƫƫȥŽ۷µȴûһȥģ
ţѵǸطֻеʮ׵Ĳܽ룿
˵ĻǶĸ벻ƶˣ
ǰϺˣǴǸطģܿ϶ֻ׵Ĵڡŷû˵ԼӰ￴ôּĸ֣Ϊ˵ˣҲ֪ʲô𣬵ǿ˺̶ֳȡ
ҲֻеȽԼĵϸ֮ٴһͬǰԼȥоˡ
սŶʱ⿪ˣҲһֱţΪʲôҰ½Ϻʮףȴһֱûзֹһŷ˵Ҳ˹
水չŷ˵ϺǼ˶ֻǵ׵ĴڵĻôˣжǿ󣿣
սϵĲţŷ΢΢һЦҲֻ֣ͣһһɴǿѹ۶
εүүʯһŷ۵ʱ;һǴɤţ⼸֣һֱڴл첻ֹ
⣬ɷڵΪ߽ףٶȴǲֻӰһ˹ŷǰ˫ۣȴض۵ҲͰ͵߶š
ǵģҲ˽⵽ױȱǿ٣˵ǣǿߣƬǣǳԽ˱ʮ׵Ĵڣŷٴ׳һذϢ
սѾǱסˣȫ˵һ仰ĵԭеһ˿Ҳɲɢ
ʲôЦڵɶжǿǸоʱŷ۳ôһ˿̺¶˲ñ֪жǿˣ
ǣȲ˵ȫѾΪʮΪǶóȻǰȥˣ
ӵߣɲӵб߿ԱģҲԷֻһ֣һԼϣԼͻķѶ
ڹŷǾ䣺ǶǳԽ˱ʮ׵Ĵڡ仰Ƿоôˣû׽һ㣬ΪҲֻгԽ˱ʮ׵Ĵڣʹ
Ȼսһεɴۣ۾һһĴ󣬶ŵؿŹŷ壬ʱҲӦ˹Ļ˵ŷҲѾԽ˱ʮף


232 Ʒҩ
ŷֻһǵı飬֪ʲô
ڻûеǸ磬Ҳ벻̫ԶˡŷЦ˵
ʱ򣬼ɶںĺһĿɿڴģˣļǵãʮǰڲгŷʱŲ׼ŽߣȴͻƱʮ߶Զˣ
ƺҰ½ʷδֹʮ׵ǿߵģѵ˵ŷϵܣҪһƼ¼ٴһδ
СС壬ǣǵʲôΪʼձŵȻЦշҲŴ죬ʵ
ҲŹŷ壬ҲǸΪǸ޺档
ŷٴһҡͷ̾Ҳ֪ȥƺܿ϶ֻҪΪﱾʮףȻԴȫں֮󣬱ǸˡڣҲֻںһٶദѨλѡ
ԭˣԭǱԴں֮γɵɷ̾ʵҲһֱ룬ֻһֱû˭ɹںϹǰЩʮߣȫʧˣȻҲһա
ڣҲܿ϶ˣȷʹã
ֻǣһ뵽ԼΪͲɷһЦ治֪ʱܵ־磬ʱʹˣ
ŷһϯΪǴһȴţȻھ߽ǸŻкԶԶ׷Ҳ˶
벻ԭֻһֻ֮ܶѣҪС˵ô࣬绹ܿ㣬ǻôһֱȥս˼ƽһЦ˵
ٺ٣ϼһҪһˣɷٺһЦо˸
ԽһЦȻɷ˼ǰǲ֪ĹҲ֪ԭʮʵľͷʱļ飬ΪǿĿҲʱŶɢ
ڣȴѾָʱļȣȻΪԸߣȻ绹ôȥһ⣬ǰ׻һӣ
ϼһҪǾȱ˭ȵǸ磿սĿҲ֣˿ߵɷЦʵ
٣ʣӮ˶ʤ֮䣡ɷֻ۽ƳһսװǲмĿЦ
⻰ɰսˣʱһɣһָɷŭߣӮ˵󻰰ɣ
ȻԼҾͳȫ㣬զ
һ䣿սŭУ˾һ裬˾һΣ
ջҰ½ĹأԷ͵ǳԼԷˣ˵ʲôȱ˴˲ΪԼȶԷ֡עá
ãô˵ˣɷٺһЦͷӦ
Сţ˶ЦյҲ˲٣رΣǵһοүүСΪһֱСЦͣǰԲĹĵɽҲЦһһģùŷ۶Ʋˡ
оһԼξûһ£㿴ʲôأûѽ
˵꣬ŷԼ⻰˼컣СʱͺƵس˳ΧˣĸǲûԼղŵĻһٴûضŰɷһƯСֵۣСֽ˽ȴǹһҸȡ
ŷҲûٵЦΣڳˣһ֮󣬱˵Լ뷨
ʦүүҴȵΪһͻƵǸ磬ǰǸطȥ̽һŷ忴˵
ŷ˵£ռɷȻҲЦٴαҲûжԹŷȥǸطе⣬ΪΪҲȥ
˵ͷɷ˵С壬ȻǸطжǿߣ룬ǱͻƵǸ֮ԱӦûûʲôģԣ֧ˣ
ϼһ˵òҲ֧֣ȻҪһ·ϵġսҲͷֵ֧漴ּʵֻ˲Ļιȥ
ӦòģȻǰЩʮ߶ȥٹһʱ䣬ӦҲˡʵŷҲûףҲкܶطɻ
˵ܷԼֻԼȥģ᲻Σգö֪Ŀǰ뿪ƺֻɵԼˡ
ңһУҲֻԼĲ²ѣʵǲԼҲܰٷ֮ٵĿ϶
ڣﻹ᲻׹ŷ˵Щ˼ֹΪ۽ӿҪĻи׼
Ϻʱ¼Ҳŷĵģս㿪˵С壬֪˼ˣİɣͰĵȥǱ̽ͲõˣǱˣҲԷӲˣ򲻹ܣ
ŷԱͷЦʵĵľҲټ˵ЩҪԭս϶ĻشҲͷġ
Ҫʵûа취Ļŷ廹һֱߣǡ
ɣԼøǿһҲֻǿ̸Ұ½ѾûʲôԼٳɳˣԣ뿪ȥѰĳɳǱȻġ
ˣ⼸ƵҩһݣһСЩģĶǸƵġŷһӣԭԵÿտĴãʱͱİƿռЦ˵
üһﶼƷߵȵҩХһƿ浹һŵҩ˿󣬶ʱȵ
ƷߵҩХᣬҲδⲢͲʶֻһӦҩ̺ҩԼŨŨ㣬ܹ֪ˡ
ңŷѾƷߵҩʦ飬عļ죬Ѿ½
Ҳһˡɱħͷ֮³ƺƷҩ
ʵŷԼ֪ҩƺ֪ˣҲֻһЦΪҩĿ꣬ͷʦĳɾ档
ֻеʦĳɾͣоϲԺ
ţЩҩҲӦ㹻ϺЩˡŷͷЦ
ƷȵҩŽĩڵ߷öѾǴ´ˣƿҩֻսЩŽ۷õĻȷǿˡ
ټϹŷƵĻҩҩЧǰ˼ģֻҪһݣ㹻սüˣһȻҲõøˡ
ңϪҲѾƷеҩʦЩҩȫˣƵҲսõģһηݱǣ
ô㹻ˣЩҩҲҪ˶ãұָܹΪˣɷһǿʵҩȥһǿҩЧȻһ˵
һ£ұζһͬǰ½棬ʱ䲻ڼҡŷ忴˿һֱԼߣЦΣ漴תͷ˵
ٺ٣СڹӦõģȥˣһŷĻ˱ٺһЦĿгʱһޡ


233 ɫ
԰ѩǵΪȻһ۱ܿѾǴ֮˹ŷҲȻסε
εĹ뷿õúܰһƬѩףУͬѩصһ㡣
ŷ廹ûŵһܰƮ˱ǿ׵Уر˫ۣݺݵһڣ
ϤζԶҲŲ塣
ֱڣεСǺ˵ģղŹŷ˵˯Լ뷿ĸ̻͵Ц飬һ·ϣ඼һͺС¹ײƵġ
һ뵽Ͷ԰һҧгݣС־ŷֱۣݺݵҧһڣҧַ֮ǳۣС죬ղԼҧĵط
ȻԹŷʣûһ⣬ӡû¡
ɰ˵ģŷİ⣬һѱ㱧ΣС
ڶ峿˵Ķȫʰ׵׼ǰ½Ĵ档
ҹ˸û˯ŷ壬ȻǺúһεֱ̣ڣڲϻζܡ
ҲˡӢѹ˹ء仰˼ڻǸʵӶ
ٿΣʱȻһΣ˿峿ӳ£޶ˡ
߰ɣүүʦ˵ɡŷǣεС֣΢Ц˵
ţιɵͷ׼ȥս֮ʱȴ˹
ϵܣҹ˯ÿɺã˻δǴֿĻȴ˹
ŷһЦƤ֮Ȼö˵ûΪĵ٩һ㲻˼ǳ̹Ȼػһ䣺ҹû˯
Ŷû˯ٺٺٺ١أֹǺˣĲϵɷҲغٺЦ֮⣬˭ܶ
ѽ˵ʲôءܵЦöѪˣһ¹ŷؿڣҲ͵ɽʹˡ
׼ˣһᣬսһȺ˱̵սЦ
ɷսǸг緶ûпȥЦ
ǵġŷЦŵͷ
ŷܹоԼͻѾ̫ԶˣҲ˵˻ʲôʱȻҪεġ
ǺãǾͷĵȥɣһȥҲ֪ʱܻأζҲãս˵ͷ
һսĻԭߵʱһȥģǹŷ弴뿪¡
ΪҲ֪ŷһȥҪòٴ֪Բʮꡣ
Щӣض˼ꡣ
ΣŷβӴ͹Ļ뿪Ȼȥ棬Ȼһ·УŲ·κη羰
ս˵Ŀ£ЯֶеӰʧԶ

ʱһһĹǾûĿţ;羰֮أͣϼ죬ÿһ۵ĻЦҸ䡣
ȻÿһҲǲƵƬΡ
һΣβûѩɴסľɫҪԼգڰǰչ֡
֮ģһЩ۵鷳ˣҰ½ϣʲôùŷо鷳ģ
ָ֮䣬Է˲ҷ𣬸Ӱ쵽˵顣
ȻҲв˰˳ģ㲻ʶŷ壬ҲʶߵΣܺһģǴ½֮⣬˭
ȴû˸ǰֻԶԶģžηݵĿעȥıӰ


234 
һ죬һС࡯Ĳ䡣
һ·Ҳٸ䣬һ⣬³ģಿ䣬ƺǰϲ䡣
ҹŷ巢֣ǿߣȻһŽ׳ߣǾһҪ֪ӵоŽߵྡ˳Ϻڵģָ
Ҳע⣬ʹԷʮףΣ
ڣĵΣҪ顣
ߣǽϢϢɡ˿Ǹģһеಿ䣬ŷ΢ЦŶʼչЦݵ˵
ţףһĵʱ̣ŷ˵ʲôȻûκ顣

޾ɵվڴſڣΪŵģʵ
ΨһģǽСˣÿÿһˮģͻþȻֻܹѡ
ףȻӰ͵ؽУûôģΪÿ춼ǰһǵͬһ羰ӰʱʱƲĿˡ
ж
ֻʣ־̾
ҲʲôŽɫ֮ˣʲôƮɣʲô绪
ǰ̾Ůǰ֮˱ƺ֮һ
ߵĹŷ壬Զˡ
ӣ˵أ㷢ʲô㶣ѵСˣҸ˵㻹ǾɣǴүϵŮˣŵһλ߸ղŽ˰죬ػûһţϲص
ȴûĻһ㣬˫ֱؿǰǣȻ˶ĵĿˮ
ֵɻˣŶӵĿ⿴ȥһǸӰʱҲȻ͡
ѵ·ϣôܻ˾Ůˣ
ŷ壬ȥͨļòãȻûԴóԣżζҲѽСֿŹŷı䣬СЦʵ
û⣡˵ʲôͳʲôھԾŽ۷Դ޵Դ⣬ҲȥŪŷԥصͷ
ҲŲǸһЦ˵ʵȴǶ԰Լеļˡ
ʵҲע⵽ŵߵĿ⣬Ŀ⣬ǲ֪ٴˣͲȥں
ȻĿǴĻôŷ岻ǳһԼĵָ񹦡
벢Զһŷ˱ߵ˽ǰ
λС㣬ﲹϢ𣿡ֱ߽Żع¶Ϊ˧Цݣ˫۽ʵ
ʧǣε˫ȴǳûһۣĿ⣬һֱͣߵǸϡ
ĵ׶ʱΪջΪоǰʼմŵȻЦˣΪȻֻ׳ڶѣȻԼҲֻһڣô˵Ҳǿɣ
Ϊͬ׳ڵŮˣôԼĴڣ
Һ˵أûôģΪ˲ǰ²õӳΪʾԼߵǸǿ󣬶תͷԹŷǳŵ
ʵѾεɫŪ˼ͨˣȻֻҪ˼ά߼ˣȥһ룬ΪʣΪ˻Ϊ͸Ҵ˾ɫŮ˳ߡ
ֻҪϸһ룬һǾպ͹ŷƺϢͺ׵زµǵǺˡ
ֻ˿ֻʣǾķˡ
ӣ죡Ȼһŵ͵ضŶӴһ޾ηη壬æȭŲ͵λˣղǶ£ˡ
ŷЦЦʵΪôһ㼦ëС¾ȥɱ˶ԷҲԵˣԥػԼ˫ȴɱΪֵĴħͷ£Ͳȥ⡣
һ㾴ηηɫͻ֪ϳԼЦŵ˵ͷһһöɫԴҾͶ˶ԷεС֣Ŵȥ
ԭӱѺһɤӣߵһǱͻǱεԵö·ӣ˲˲١
Ǳһ壬һŷ˵ȣ͸ͷ
һ֣ɫɲǾͱò԰ֽѾŵɫ
ӣӣǸʹس˳½󣬼תͷæʵû°ɣ
˫ĿҡҡͷɫɷףȻǱŵòᡣ
Щ죬ģǹŷع飬ŭնʮ˵Ѫ¼Ѿһľս
ҲţҺԼ峤СУȻಿ䣬Ҳػһսг׳
ôҲ벻ȻǳǸѪ¼ĴߣȻŷӰѾʧУ֪ԷԼСɫȴôҲ࣬ĳˡ
߼ģͲ¶һ˿ЦڿôģղҷӦ죬ǲǻ׼ǲǻ׼ȥΣ
ƽʱԷڿ೰ӿ϶ŭȴǳĬ亹գ۱㲼
Ϊȫ˵ˣղҪǺѷӦʱ˶ԷǺ˵ĻԼʱֻһ룬оԼǻòͷˡ
лл״ûƤЦ¶ֿıźѸм˵
㣬ȻǲٳЦˣʵҲǱŵòᡣ
ڣ𿴹ŷɱħͷĳƺҲΪŷ϶ַǳѪˣڿȴˡ
ҲҲΪԼڶԷֻϵԭɡ
룬ʨӣΪͶͷ𣿸οǻֻһֻϡ


235 Դ֮ķ
˵ҪҪȥ֪ͨ峤һԷ˭ǵˣŹһͨ뷨ҲͶźʵ
Ҫһȥ˵ղſƽּͣɲǿԴģһˣ࣬ǲܵ飡
һͷ˵
ʵĵģǸֺֺɫĴүҪǵ峤ȻصǸСŮ߽ڵΪǿΪֻĽ׵ĴүĻ¶Ѿүǿаռˣ
үȻ϶˵ŷ壬ɾǸ򵥵ģӶ˼Դһŷϣʲô£ǲǹˣ
ԶԣһҪһͷ˵չƽٶȣһһ㣬ͳ˲á
ˣ˵ȲԼǳ˹ŷɱħͷĻôһүȥಿ뱣סֻһֲʵʵĻ롣
Ϊ½˶֪ħͷŷۣŮˣΡ
ǲ֪ǣǸɫүȴѾǵ˹ŷͷϡ
ԭŷһҷݣţಿĴүŷʹżӣһЦʩʩȻ˽
ĿһɨСڳŷʱʱŲŲˡ
ղڽйţŸΰСǸˮݵ֣ϴأһӼææظ˹˵ǿһСƯǧ򱶵Ůӡ
Ȼһ¾ȤСҲͱ׵˾⣬֪ǲƭԼģô˵ǸŮˣ϶ҪСƯġ
Ǳ£һ·˵СǰһΣ۾Ѿֱˡ
ǱСƯǧ򱶰ǳЦһͷ㷢ѩɴҲڸǲİģСȣЬˣ
ǸߣҲͬŮӣҲһǱǾķҫۣ˵ǣҲʶţˮ˳ſǣֱǧߡ
ŷ˵ǱǵģΪﻹҪͷȥǸӦƽƽһĲ֪ôˡ
Ҳע⣬ֻҪǲԼƻԼܰվȥˡ
ֱ飬ŷѾֲˣܲ˵˭һ¶⸱񣬾ɱ˶Էɣ
죡ҲûȥǼˣǰһ⣬Ц͵˹ŷߣͺιһ
ŷһЦﵹҲָͦоģſ죬ͰǿԽ˳㻹ضĵεĿһڣǵһÿİۡ
˵ģɾǵŷѪҺȼΪȷ£ͷɥСֵܣȻҲѵõվҲ֮ǰòȥ
벻ȻСĹϹ˹ۣôֱڲŷأ
ǰĳŮֱӶ˵ľǿаռΪиŽ׳Ϊĸף׶ݺͳ谮Ҳֲ֪ߵغ޼ɵԸ
ڣʥɵʣʹȻƾ豾ʵݵֵͷҲţҲҲǿаռø˼
ζĹŷ壬ǰһֻ׳֮󣬱ֱӺˡ
ŷüͷ˵ʵ治ڳԷʱȥɱˣǲƻգθڰ
ԣɴͺĴڣֻȴͷŶѹ˵ϣأڷԼǿ֮󣬴Ӧòỹ֪Ȥɣ
û뵽ǣԷͷԵ׼򵥵˺̶ֳȣҲжô֪ߵغ
ȻŷȻɽѹѹסˣΪ˲ͽڣⲻûо£һ߳ŭ
ǰʱһս֮Լ׵ľŽ׳ΪѾǾˣƬ½ϣһû˱ȵù׵ġ
رǸоŷͣƺԼҪСϲ٣ᣬʲôΪΪǹŷ尡
ò˵ȷʵӲˣ򵽹ŷˣȴûǰ֮˵ǲǹŷȥϵҲΪֻҪһŷϢļʣ߿ȥϸԭɡ
ȻֻҪϹŷƽţŷòٱҲ²ġ
ļӣҲһûȥ룬Ϊôһʲôˣʲôʹӡ
Сӣǲǻòͷˣ֪ү˭𣿻Ͻˣŷһŭֱڣûκκµ
صֵŷˣû뵽ϣȻĻģ
ô˵ôԴôͷԲ鷺Ҳڵ̶Ȱɣ
ѵԹֻܱȵһС
ԳơүŷоһμΡ
ȥҿԲɱ㡣ҪǵѪҺӰ쵽飬ŷֱܻӶһԼĵָˣЩ棬һֱǳŻļ⼸˷ϻ
˰ɣ̺ͲƽϵĶǶԼη壬ŷǼӣܺõڹһǧŲĵ
СӣȻôҼү˵ҵţȻᣬҾҪһ㻹ӲӲʱȻֵϳˣôһɤӣپŷ֮ͬתȥȱȥˡ
ٴΪѹţҲǰȥҹŷ鷳ģҪǰǸ첻£زµɱԼ˵Ļǿˣ
ŷһصԭأҲǰôЦŶŹŷıӰŵȻһҪݺݵĥΪղǰ˵Լеڣ
ŷЩķˣΪʲôܻĶԴأ
Ҫǣǳǵġ۶ǱƵģٴμһӲˣ͵˹ŷͣСƵģ졫
ŷЦЦĵ׵ķʱһգſ죬ͳȥ
ٿˣĿⶼǿŹŷ壬е¶ɣе¶𾪣еһ
ǲֻԹ۲˼ۣԼµǰ˭ˣЩЩɲ֪ԼĲ²ǷȷߣھЩѾµ˵ߵѺٿŷɫ޲Ǵһ˿ݺͿ־塣
˵Ѿ֪˹ŷݣҲû˻ȥĵŷǶѾס˲ʱ䣬֪ŷǸʲôˣңŷοǵżڵȻվԼżˣ
ҲһЩСߣҴҸԴ֮ˣ֪ŷôȥ϶һģʱɱ꼰˳㡣
Ҫ˵ƹҲͬϳ˹ŷ壬˵ಿˣһŷΪ¼ԼӻᱻԷռˣ
˿վߣǷùֵ뵽
Ҫŷ֪ƹ뷨֪᲻ѪŮȷʵȴǷٳٽ
ʱһһĹŷȻ˵سţιһڣιһӵģܰɷˡ
ʱݴſںȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲ˸ͲҪȥ֪˿϶Ǹӽİˡ
˭˭òͷˣҺʹүŸɣһԴɭشȴſڴ˳֮ģǿѹ
ȻǿֻǶЩ߽µ߶ԡ
壬ߣСӣҰץŷһӭȥȻָ˿ڼŲ˵Ĺŷ˵
Сӣ׳ڶѣ⼸ӣͿԸ㶨˰ɣкֻǳһ۹ŷ壬Դɻ˵
ֹСӸղŷųֱӰǵΪѹƵڣ϶Ϊŷ˵ֻҪˣ;ûˣ˽ĩڵΪǻСһ
һŷĻʱ鶨˵
ļʶȻŷֺе竿ԱȵģҪ֪ЩǿĿڵΪΪֱӱԷѹƵڡ
ңԼ˽ĩڵΪͿԷʵΪ˵ʲô
˵˼ҾҪԼǿһֹǿһ㣡
һĬ۹鵽ΣǱҫ㶣Ȼʲô¶һ˿ɲüϸһĹŷıӰ飬Ȼ䡣
һ£ʹ飬Ȼ󼸰ƺŷֻܼ쵰ֶ
ԼڸʲôȻɱŷץ
ûиԼǻ˻ôģ
壬ôˣȥҰСӸץҪ֪ﱾү³ŷԼԭأͷ亹ֱðɻ󣬴ߴٵ
⻰Ҳʱعһ˼һҲ룬תһƺŷϡ
ֻһŷӹǾշڿУ³һѪȻͨһײһ֮ϣǽʵľҲӦ顣
ΪȻߣǿȻǹģôһƻֱӰιȥȴѾˣǱģΪĲԼҪʲôࡣ
һƣæΡΡͳ˿־ضŹŷıӰһϹţŷ󣬴ˣǣֶӲ£д󣬴һ
⻰һǳ޿־̬Щûв³ŷݵôܻ᲻֪˵˭Щǰ䵱ֵߣŷǼӣɫ亹¶ʪˡ
ٿŷǱߣ·ûĻһ㣬طеĿӣȻϵĲˮһڣٽһ˿˲죬̬ǳС
㻺վ鼸˵ģҲŹŷĶҪɤС඼Լĳ
ŷ壿ŷԼԭأԴЩ£һʱûӦ
뵽ʲô˫ۣ˲һ˿š
Ȼ󣬱ǿ־塣
ȻÿŷǴ¼ĵ׾һ󼵶ʣⲢͶԹŷɱħͷ־壬ɱʮˣ۶գһµģֺرʵܵУ˭᲻£
ǹţŷ壿ŷֻоԼǵĳУֽŷ
ŷ建վվ֮󣬾ȻΪеһ̬ȣȫǰ˵˿
ȴһ˿ɱ⡣
ղţԼһ٣ٶĸ˶Էѡ񣬿ȴɲʶ̧٣ǣɾ͹ֲԼˡ
ңղſεùŷĵ׾ͺǲˬˡ


236 Ǹˣңɼϣ
Է֫һŷ󣬺ƽȴһֲݿܵѹ
ǺɣԼ˲Յ˵ĻôɲԷ֫ôˡ
˻Щûߵߣвһĵͬ˵һж˵һǵܱסˣ
ˣɫٴһ䣬˵֪ڹŷֵ±סһǷǳ˵ˣԷ֫ǳһˣֻڴ϶ȹ
ǣƷϵҩǣǿ
Ҳܱ֫֫Ҿ͵һˣ󣬻ȥƯң
ò˵ŷɫɥĲĵزˣʱˣȴԼԸ
鼸ˣҲһԥԶ̵֫ģ
Ŷ֣УŷʱѾתɫĮؿԥһˣȻһЦ̧֣׼Զ֡
ӹŷճΪ֮ʱѾĺԴϲ֮ˣȥʲôʴȣңֻһ⼸˽첻׵Ϊ֪ǿ϶ҲʲôöǰҲض֪ɥ顣
ԣԼôΪأ
ҲҪҲҪŷ֪ǲѾͿյӹԾ𣬾ֵУſȥ
ܹоŷ嶯֣ôԼٰʮҪõˣ
ɾΪӵùŷģ
ֻŷûȥԷָܵһһâͬԼ۾һ㣬ͳŷĺֱ׷ȥ
ʱȴǷˡ
ŷ߸ŵǼƽʱûɶôֻԼ˵ҲȷʵĵúܣŷĹһӱҲԾһ¾͵ǵâǰ档
ֻһ֮죬׳ڵӣУգۻΪ顣
죬ŷͻعͷÿԼΪԼֵһķѵĲ״˺ºԼûȥ뷨֮⣬Ȼûһĸж档
˵Լģڲ޸ɡ
˵ԼǴүΪԼӵģӦøоҲŶԣ
ʱŷ뷨
ʵŷҲʵЩ⣬û뵽ԼĹȻᱻһСС߸ȻҲΪַֻĹѣֻҪôһ㣬һ˽ߣûκô
벻Ȼôĵӡŷ嵭һЦҲûмȥˣΪȻоһƺеӡϢ߷ٸ
һģǸŽԼ˽ߡ
ܵŷֱӱŷԭأǶһָѾˡ
˭ôоЩϤŷдЩɻվԭصǼ˵ĵˣŷ岻˵ҲͬǴҳ
ʱﻹȥѽͲվڣҲˣܷŹԼأ
ŷ壬ôˣЩŷ֣ʵ
Լʶŷɱ˵Ĺˣңϣ˭ɱԥģĵģܿȥ
ȻЩߵͨգ͵ˡ
һȨÿ춼ΪԼƶ˭йȥɱˣ
ƺһǰʶˡŷʵش
ȻȻϢǼʮǰԼżģȺ׷ɱоµȺߵһ
ΪıԼ似Ǽ˶Լǵľ֮׼ɱԼȴԼɱˡ
ǸСŮˣȴΨһһûôģһȻɱǸĽǸӣԹŷҲͷŹ
ȴ벻ʱô꣬ȴطңҲѾһõ߽ˣ
һ룬ŷ廹ɸоһ꣬뵱꣬ԼҲŲһССأ
ڹŷ˼֮ʣС⼸ˣѾǴҴҶ
ţŷˣ飡žŽ׳Ϊһ㿴˴һЦĹŷ壬ֻڳ֮˿ʱľηͿ־壬֪ǰȲ꣬Ǹ½档
ߣӣ£߼ŷԼĻ޶ԣ֪϶ΪԼһľͷŹԼӵģתһŭضŶõŷŭ
ʵȲＱҴҸ˵ǹŷ֮Щģ֪˵Ĺŷ˭
漴һԷ۵׻δȥľ⣬Ȼһѵ˵Ʒҩŷ壿
ɰŵòᣬΪŷΪԼûȥռұԼ̬ȶ鷳ģһ룬־ⲻܣռΪ¶˵ĻҲǹŷǰ
˵񣬾ǰڸʱҲû˭ʸùŷǰȥ
һʣȻͬǰ㣬ǰֻйŷˣ֪棬Լġ
뵽˺Ͷӻͬһ͵ģǱԼǲĶӣһΣɾˡ
Щ£ԽǵģԽ׳Ϊʵ
ⲻո׼ǰȥԽӴͰݷùŷ޶˵ģʹҴҸһߣ˵ĳĳ˴үҶԷʵѾǰȥæˡ
һϢʱȥˣ֪Բ˼ԼǷӣԼ˶Է
ңȥ룬֪˭ˣ
⻹ҪȥҪԭԭľǣԼ׵ܵܣȻǰȥ䵱ˣ
ǸʲôҪһ𣿣
ɵ㶵Ĺ򣬸ղһͬСᣬȴϢĵһʱͳ˳ȥĶҲ˲ʱٺŭѾûˣǱϾԼĶӣԼ׵ܵܣҪģҪϹȥܱܲסһ
ǣļˣٶȣҴҵسǼҷݳ˹ȥ


237 ǸˣңɼУ
һͷԼǱصѪˮ⣬ɾһֻҪӻûôͻлء
Ȼ֪أСÿ
ŷɱħ׹ԼֲʶԸ񣬿¸ȥԼġ
ŷӲܶӻǿԶģ˵ҪԼ£һƣǲ򣬶ǹ˰
ĹܹסԼſȥŷЬˣ
С϶棬ݼŷǰǰλǰ飬ŹԼС֪ԼǱŷסˣһκͿ־壬ľһۣôôŭԼ඼վԼӰ
ңǶӣ
ԣԼȥȡӵˣȻǲʵġ
ŷȻ˿΢ЦſǸӰЦּˡ
Сһ
ڱȺ׷ɱۿҪ׷ϵľ֮ʣǹŷȻ־Ȼ޵֮ˣսȺǣʱֻһС䡣
ӰȴεӡԼļ䣬ÿҹʱԼģ
ҲԼڲ֪УѾҲ֪ҲһӣҲûĻˣֻаĵ
ûи̫ã˲мϢԭǲȥģΪ֪ʱʵǲȺĲõʲôΡ
ȴһֱӣŷ壬ǸÿҹﶼεˣԻȥμӣ
ǣʰöҴҸ˹ȥ
ΪΪףԼʲô뷨Ҳʵ֡ԣȥֻΪܹԶԶؿһۣѾˡ
ʵҲֱ֤ȷģڱʼһ죬Ⱥȫƶ볬ֵĿ̨ϣǸ˼ĺĽ˶Ӱ
ǣԼ˵ңԶ
ǸطȫǴ½۷ʿɲԹȥġ
ҲԶԶؿһۣѾ˰ɡ
˵ˣƺΣǸ᲻κȥʱȵŮˣΪˡ
ѽҲֻ绪ľɫʸΪŮ˰ɣ
Լֻܰݲʵʵİٴء
ĿһС䣬ת˲Ϊµ֮š
̨ϣͬǿߣ̸Ц֮Уּ䣬һܣתЩνӽڷ֮䡣
Ȼ󣬱԰˽Ϊշ裬ٷһ˶޿԰εС
Ȼ󣬾һţһµϢ֣ױ֪
ʲôԭֻһССۣԼŬӶʶ£
ʲôռ֮٣սľŽ۷壬ƾһ֮תȵȡ
ÿ죬ܹĴ¼ֱʮǰɱһʮףһʮףȻ˵ʮ׵͵Ϯ£ŰӶ֮󣬲ûϢ
˲һǣѾȥˣǣǰɳѰټһҲ̲ס
;Ҳ֪ٴΣǴΣǱһȺԴ޸ΧסҪǱʱǸɱԴ޵淢֣ȵĻѾǻɳ֮ˡ
Ҳˣ˼Ѱңಿ䡣
ȴ룬֮ȻһεõϢ
񻰻ع飬ŭնʮˣɱħƷҩ
ЩԼĶ䣡ʱú޲öҪȥˣ侲ֻεؿЦ
ԼҪʲôȥ
ˣѣ
ƺ˶㲻ϡ
Ȼû뵽ǣڽ죬ȴȻ֡
˵ͻȻ
ߵĻ㱨ΪԼΣ
漴ٶȣ߸˹֪ԼҪʲôݳ֣֪ǲǵԼ
ɾһ£ϴڲʱǰԶԶؿһۣҲԸ⡣
ǰͦˣ˫ۣǰˣûһ˿ֻۣڳ˵ֶ
ĵһۣ͸оһᣬᣬ˽Ļȥʹޣ˵Լİ
һվߵǸɫŮˣӲѹסҪˮǰ飬ʱתΪȻ
ŮˣҪǰҪֻſԡ
ԼҲûʸ
ǣû뵽ǣȻԼ˵
ϵ΢ЦֱԼ˫ĵ׵һ˿ɬȻҲƺ˲١
ΪǵԼ


238 Ǹˣңɼ£
ǰּλˡ
Сѵؼһ˿Ц⣬Źŷͷ˵
ŬԼҪȥվߵΣɶԷĹâʵ̫ҫۣ̲ס˹ȥ
ֻϴðٻΪ֮Ȼʧɫ΢ЦҲͬΪŮˣҲһʧ
Ѿ޷ȥˣͺƣڷ䣬ӡ
ⷴӺһ㣬Ҳǲʵ̫̫ûκοܵԭɡ
ŷȻҲСЩ쳣ʹΪǿҲ˵ģҲûж룬Ц˵Ǻǣʲôˣ֮Ͷѡ
ûͬΪŮ˵οС뷨
ŷĵһۣ۵¶ϲа⣬ܹԹŷˣȴҲûκβڶԷʱһѺõ΢Ц
Ϊܹظܵ˼Ŀοָֻܰоѹĵס
ңԼôɫôܲĽأԣûκγԴ׵ĸо
Сŷ˵֪ͲںǲԼľˣҲܶԼӡ󣬾ѾǺֵø˵ˡ
˵Լʲôóأ

Ȳ˵ϣ˵Լӣ֮ǰѾŮ
漸ˣ㶵ؿŹŷС죬ĵͬʱһʣôŷʶ
ȻףǴʱҲȥЩˣΪǴʱУѾ˿ϲ
ΣֻҪСŷʶôֻҪһæ飬ǶԱ
ССᣬ㣬㻹ţŷǰʶ
治ֱȥСæ飬ǻ˼˭ܹö
Сԣԥ˵ʵŷ廹жһֻǼһѣ̸ˣΪŷģ治ô˼ڡ
ңҲһֱŷ񣬲Ϊÿ춼ͬţƤһԼΪЩ顣
ʲôռ˼Ůռ˼ӣͳͳ˭ͬ⣬ֱӰѶԷˣֱɱˣټķݣҲ͵ֻҪǼŮԵģѡ뿪ȥѰסء
ǣǰȴǾȹԼһܾĻǾԵ֪֪ͼˣⲻһΪѡ
ǶԷתһ£ŷ嶼ܾ۵ףοСΪѵģ
ô˵ôԺﻹԼȹŮˣҲһԵˣҶŷŷҲû̫ķŭûʸŭҲֻǶ֪ˣƵƵͿʱаЩջˡ
ԣŷҲͲ׼ȥҪ
⣬ӣ֫Ҫˣ
ȻԲԼһλأ
ŷ壬Ҫ˰ɣ
ҲûôŷˣҪⶼţǻÿ춼ģ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷȻζˣ༸ҲͰˣֻŷһ˱ˣ
ξȻ飬Ȼһм½˭˲֪ŷںģΣ
˿ڣӦþ治ʲôˡ
СȴҪø࣬Ů˵ֱλῪ飬ҪǲԼΪѶѣҲ֪ͬһԼ˵⣬ʱ򲻵ŭԼֶʣ
ò˵ּòΪһŮˣټֲãں
ұ㿴Сϣһ
ŷǵȻȴһַ·ֱĿɨˣûȶԷ¶ϲɫڵǣֻڴ϶ȹ
ŷ˵⣬㲻ٶ˵ˣⲻһͬͬ⣬ϣûʸȥ˷
һŷ⻰˽Ǵһֲ¶Ҫ濴ˣǵȹŷߺ󣬻ðԼ˵Ƥ
һ粻ŷ廰е˼
ֻڴ϶ȹǲ˵Ҫ
ŶŨŨذ֮С
ôҪ֣
ŷһüͷ
⻹ʶȤಿ䣬ԺתСºˣ
ȻѣŷԶ֣ô˵ã
ΪԼഴಿ䣬ΪԼ˵ֻĻȥˣ
ΨһֵҵģԼû˶
Υ뷨ҲûŷɱħŸɣ£˭ң
һҧһݣȻҪ֣ôԼ׵
˫ۣȥԼǳ˰һ֣ĵϸСâֶŷõ˫˫š
ֻϸС죬ŷԭվӣʱΪû˫ȵ֧Ŷ£ʱŷҲѾ˻ȥŷȴҽûзʹû˹ȥ
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˵仰ʱǺ޼ŷˣַȥԼӵ֫ʹĶڵѪ
Σ
кޣȴֻӲȥò¶Ц
⣬ǿߣ
ˣǰ߰ɡ
ŷ忴Ҳȥǰ׷ԲԵһۣҲûһͬ顣
Ҫ˵Ļӻ竣㲻֪ߵغ񣬻Ϊݺͳԭ
һ㣬ҲͲнʹˣ
һУֻܹԼ
ﻹҴȥһ񣬱㱧Żʹȥŷת˲ʧԭء
ⷹˣҲԼٶߣȻհ˹ŷ磬һ³ݸУҿƺҲ£ٲǲͽ˼ᷳ
ⷹݵƹҲžη͸мĿ⣬һ뿪ˡ
Ҳֻʣ¹ŷˡ
лл峤ǰȹһ
Сῴǰɾ˶ѹĽһ˿˿ʣڽ͵
ŷνһ֣С顣
ǾˣȻûʲôԱģǿɷϼ죬ҵһصúлл㵱ľ֮أСҲٶ˵Ȼ뵽
ʵ룬Ͳǻ˼ٶ࿴һһҲá
ŷȴҡҡͷЦˣǡ
ŷ廰û˵꣬ȴͻȻĻͷ˵ѽ⼸ɾ鷳أ
С˵ЩճյؿŹŷ飬ûӹε۾
Ůˣ֪С룬صģǶԹŷ֮顣
ԣŷӦΪܹ˼ζжôĿɬ
˵֪ŷֻȻǸӲַɴףЩԼԼֻйŷ壬ŷҲԴףһ˼
Ů˵ϸ˼ŷôأΪϢϢѣҲͲپܾ
Сᣬȴʵסˡ
벻ӦµģȻܴӦġ
ҲеΪεִ׵úܣΪԼ໯һ
ҲŹŷ壬ҲûаԼвԭɣ
ϻۡ󷽵ڹŷߣСܸоŷҸ
ԣ⼸ܹ࿴ŷһۣһ룬򸴺󡭡
ǰ˵ﻰдǶλҵңҪ˵ȥ֪ҪöĽأ
СǸµŮˣ˵ҲǴ󷽵壬мؿΣ˫΢΢⣬ڸлεĴȺ½⡣
ѾǲٶԹŷ屧κλ롣
ֻңɼǣӽԺ󣬾ֻһı̶ֻԸҹҹӰӣӳԼ㹻ˡ
Ҷ⼸ԼȥסӡϢıӰ

ǣڽļҹ˯֮⣬Сᶼʱ̲ظڹŷҡ
ʱ㱾ãԼ͸εϣڹŷıˮİ⡭
ʱڲ֪оʹҴţʱ䣬ת۱
죬ǹŷ뿪ӡ
ʱҴңദݣɱ涼ŵĵ˼ȴ֪Ҫǿ϶١
Ѿ㣬ˡ
⼸죬ǹŷȥĵطκ漸ҲǼ֮󣬾ͺ񳹵ʧһ㣬Ҳûڹŷǰֹ
ڹŷϢڷŷĵ죬ѾﴫˣҲû˸ҹǽ죬ȴؾۼಿĴſڴдżȴǸ½񻰵ĳ֡
ˣȻС
ˣ
֪˭Ƚôһ䣬˱㿴һò㣬Ľ˶꣬һþ춯һɫŮӻ˹ԭͷӶһӾͰȫмĹŷ壬Ͼǳ֮⡣
ʵŷ͸оһȺ˵ĴڣҲ˵ûʲôȻЩ飬ԼȻܾηߡ
οŰɵı䣬һݵ΢Цкüǧ˵Ŀע£һͬȥһƬԺ뿪ġ
ҲٸУ˱˳ݣоԼĿеӽ
Ϊŷȫ
ڹŷһߵСᣬ˵ҲǹЦݣȴԵôĲȻ
ôϣڿŹŷ䣬˶˵עĿģԼ
⣬ǶôһҸ
ֻһ
ŷǰǰΪβڴ˶ס죿
ŷӭȥֹʵ
ŷ忴һۣ֪ԣº޲ԼϿȥɣ
ŷ⼸Ҳͦģ֪ԼϣŵһֱûԼԸҲҪ
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ԼֻǶһƿҩ滹ΪԼҪɱȻŵԶݶȥģҪǱǱ
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Ҳֻһ˲䣬㱻Ǹƿסˣڹŷͬ£һ򿪣ϲͲ
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Сҧ촽ӲŲԼŹŷ壬ʵ
ڣ˽Ļرסһ¶Ϣȥ󡭡
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⼸ദŷٲŮ飬ҲѾ֪СԼ⣬ǣģֻ˨һϡ
ţһģ
Сһǿѹǻ뷨ȻչһЦݺݵһͷֱȴΣһˡ
ЯֶߵӰԶȥˮֹסģ˫ۡ
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239 Ĵ죡
ңԶı
һƬ궼ѩǵĵ¶һֱ˾˵һǧȣ
˵£ǾŽ۷ߣҲܴһСʱ
һһСʱĹڵıȻ󣬱һ
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ǣΪʮףܹӦĴڵĻͻᾪȵķ֣ǳ˱ѩʲôûˣ
ƺһ봫͹Ļ೤һģһĹĻ
ֻĻȻҪö࣬һ֮£һɽС
봫͹ĻܹüͬǣĻεģɫģֻܹӦĴڡ
ȻʱɫĹĻȴȻɢҫ۵߲֮⣬漴һò൱ŮͻȻ֡
һͷɫݼۣȴʱʱһ˿òĲɣ֮С
΢΢̣ͺʱ̶Цһ㣬һǵĮ񣬾֪΢̵Ц⣬ֻñˡ
ٿķ̣ҲҰ½ЩͬĲָͬĲʽ·ƺĳµС
һ֣׵ĸо
Ҳ֪ôȥˣƫƧСûٳһʮߡ
ûһᣬǸҫ߲ʹâĹĻٴλعǰɫĿ˿ܿտѩףص
ϣ˰ɣȻ⴫ͷö׬
ֹôһֻ֮Ҳûʲôնǰٶȣת۾ʧƬƮŶëѩصС

뿪ಿ֮󣬹ŷ˱ͽǰУÿһҸĻЦ۵˽ȻҲһЩ۵ʬ塣
ȴӰ顣
һ·˴СС³򱾾ʹڵϲ䣬ҡ
ĻҰ½һЩС֮⣬Ѿȫ۹ּĵ۹ˣҲûµĵ۹֣ΪЩ۹أǱɽЩزƲȫռҸ
Ȼ˫۹ĴвǽͷݣԼڹŷع̬ȵʹΨһһ
ʱĹȥŷΪҲһһٵš
ΣܹظоǰĽٶȡ
Ҳףŷȥӣ²Զˡ
ƽȻǲЩ¶ϵģҲԼȥ룬Ȼʱʣ࣬ôȻҪڽʣÿ춼ĵģòᣬ⽫ǽһЩʱ̡
ٿŷڵΪܹ߰ٶʮѨλѾںʮÿںٶĻһ£ȫؾ硣
ֻùŷɻģǸطƺûԼ
ѵԼĲ²ˣЩʮߣȥأ
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͵أ󵶽ڲݵϣ΢Цؿ˵æµӰĹŷ壬ͻȻһַǳĸӦоԼ뿪ʱգȷԶˡ
ĸӦÿΣʱԤ֪Уŷ֪϶Լصĳԡ
ڿûʱȥоΪôоҲо͸ü˼ţ
û˿ָӦ׼ȷԣǼΰٷ֮ٵԤ֮󣬻ʲôȥأ
ŷ壬ôˣ
ŷĵ׵εһʱˣæתһ˿ңУȴǷһ̾Ϣ
վҪȥȥ׷ѰǸӹˡ
Ȼ۵׵һ˿ҺͲܿȥûӹŷ˫ۣվ۵رסεĽ˵ܿͻˣ׼ѹҪ˵㡣
ʲôҲû˵Ǳŷ忴˼Ҳ̲ס¶һ˿ԹŹŷ˫ۣһʮ꣬ˣοȥʮʮꡣ
ŷҪȥĵطôΣգʮʮ꣬ܺúõĻҲллˡ˲Ԥ֪ΣգôİȥȻ࣬ҲĸԸܰĹ¼š
ż⣬סŷļҧҧĶɣϧʱɡ
ŷԣͷס˻˶κ촽䲻𣬵ȥʮĿȴԶ
Ǵʶʼദʱ䣬㼴ȥʱһ롣
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׼𣿡
λ˳ϣϡȾŽ죬ǻֻ¶˰ĺ޹ˣ˫
һҹǶڲ࣬Ҫ֮࣬壬촽Է
ţȥϿһˣҪġʯȫռ룬ЩʯǸطӦкܴô
ŷҲ˳һ˫ۻסβһյС͵
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ˣŷ϶֡ʯǸطһкܴô
ҪʱһֱæĻŷȥЩʯͷȫռˣ˵Ӧò˭Ȥ½Ҳ֪ʯֵֻзԼռĵġ
ţǾ߰ɣ
αĿŰůӵ׵
ŷЦЦ˵ؾмһξ룬п϶ǲеģֻܷйȥ
ٶ룬һ֣ͱսҩռͱνһԾŹǷɶȥ
ΪȫͲȥԹӦеˣΪֻҪʮѨλġŻҰ½һȦˡ
ǿ̺ɴ˿ɼһߡ
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ǰͬһ㲨޾ɽǲ֮µԴ˻ŷĵ׾һиԼڷɣԾµ㣬ʶ֮
ԼʱľܾʱƤŷǾһ˿Цͷȥȴ֣˶ҲǴЦճյؿԼ
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ΣһֱûԴͷʺϡ
ŷȻתͷߵЦ
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ףŽ۷壿
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ΣҪԱСһ㣬طûʲôȻŷĿȴһ֣⻹һͷĸϻ
аˡŷٺֱЦ
Ϊ̫ңԶŷҲ޷ͨȻһϢֺֺǡ
໰
أͷϾëĻХԱ˳ǻۣȻǰ˵˼ҲǵǿرǸ࣬һ֡
ƺּ䣬˲Լĸо
֣Ǹ߹ͷ­һžѪĻ֮зɳȻҪε޽Լ
뵱뷨һģֻгΪǱ޴ǲͻʮΪĻᡣ
ο񣬱׼ʮˣҪ˶ãܹͻƵʮΪõѡ
ǵξѪת۱ڽιĶͷûʲôۼԼҲ֮޽ɹ
ԺҾͽòã
θһշ˷ܵؿ˵䣬Ե˷ܡ
ֻΪոһͷϾë˷ܣ˵ģǴӽԺҲ밮һӵһͷϾëˣ
һԵһԷ𣿣

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Ĵ죬Ҫˣ


240 ͻƣ
ȻѾշôȥ߲ʳռʯͷˡ
һշξȲı⻹֪㣬ǰѹŷҲȥһֺ£ŷ嵱Ȼǲȥܾˡ
ǣ˳ıϣ߲ʳȥ
ڣȻûͷԴ޲۵ܹܵһһƬԴ޾ٶӿһΥ߲ʳߡ

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ŷ壬Ҫﶨӣжá
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ŷ˫һɨԼΨһϧǣ̺ĲʡʯƺֻȼŶѡ
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ٶԣŷ㿪ʼռȻܶ࣬ҩռһվһƬٶ£ֻӶѣײֻʣǹͺͺʯͷˡ
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ϸŷֱõķУֻ˲ʮ룬Ѿӳг𣬴һ߲ˮ顣
ڿУŷؿԭ߲ʵĳˮۿɼٶţʵҲͲµˮΪڡʯĹâҫ²ŻɫģʯͷˣȻǲɫʡ
ҲûжٿϧȽҪⶨӵĻռһЩʯͷȥǣҲʲô⡣
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ڸɽʯΰˮӳɫģŷҲȥоˣȷоС
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һ֣˷ܵͬʱ͸ӿ϶һ㣬ЩʯͷǸ棬ضǳ
һʯͷ㻺սڵѨУһ¾Ͳ˸ղͷųĵһ˿ǻںŵѨںϵٶȼȻҲӿ˲١
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ŷпϲ뵽
šʯ˵ֻһʵģ̺Ѿ㹻˲䲹ڵˣԼҩռȴкüţǰȥ̽δ֪磬ɸ˼ġ
ΣǾϢһʱΣ
ֻʹһġʯսҩռ̧ͷ΢Цʵ
ǿʼѾ˲߸µʱˣڸղţŷԤҲԽԽǿңоҲ⼸죬Ǳ߾ͻԼˡ
Թŷ뾡֮ǰΪؾȥΪͲ֪ǵѣóֵ׼ġ
ҲҺ⡮ʯ԰ѨںٶȣȻҪͻƣҲҪʮ졣
ѽôãҲҪúϢһأ
˳ӵص˵ͷûбֳʲôȴֱɵȥ¾⼸ˡ
羰Ͽ鰮ɶȹ⼸գҲõѡ
ȥ԰ɣˡ
ŷ¶һЦʵǶˣ⼸죬ٺúһηԼԼԼϴ£Լ衣
һҸ
ȻһЦŷ˼β˵ףȻСһӣͿʼæµ
ŷ壬һƨһʯϣǰǿšʯѨλںϣЦؿӰģġ
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Сȫԣ
Ÿ޽ԼξͿʼˣһͷԴ⣬һԼ͹ŷ֮⣬ȫ
һΪС񡯣ȴʵùŷһƺôҲ롮С͡մϱ߰
ǰŷѾϰֹĽзͷֻСһ㣬ҲΪ͵ܣͬθгɡС¡ˣԣŷڶֳƺҲһ
һζȥԴ⣬Ȼ˿˹̣һҧסȻܵһԣⱲӵĵһζ
μŷȻ˿ԭأЦеؿԼҲԷȴһҲգرĵذʳһһװһȻ˹˫ֵݵŷǰգŴۣЦ
ŷȴûκηӦȥεʳҲ˵ǺȻſͣ˼ԶҪι
Ҳֻǰʱ򣬹ŷŻֵһ㣬ǰһɱ
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ŷһϣͰԽһ߳һ߻ͷֹȻڳޡ˵ζȷܰǸоȴ⡣
ʵָоιɳԼʳڱǰѪޱȣɱϣԼǰȴСӵҸ
⣬˵ǰԼҪˣŻֳⲻΪ֪һ档
Ҫιҳԣ
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Ƭ̣еİսʤɬһС߲ˣȻſС죬ú촽ס̧ͷ΢ŷ˹ȥ
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ջսŷҲ̲סſ죬Ͱʳﺬ
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ǷǳԾس䵱ˡ˵ԴޣҲ˺˵ʲôʱȻǲκԴǰš

ʱ仺ȹתۼ䣬ȥ
죬ǹŷˬ졣
εķε飬εùŷܵˣʲôĵҲ仰ĺ塣
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죬ȻҲʱʱ̶̿Ǽµģֻҹ٣Żᾡݡ
죬ŷ嶼ٶںѨλ죬ֻʣһ
˫Ŀ΢գŷֻ֣һһšʯţܹĸоһѨλҲǵλõѨλֻʣһ˿˿ûںˡ
ټӰѾֻʣһˣ
ŷֹľ⼴ͻδ֪ĵڣҲ̲ס
ֻѨһ˿ԴںţȻٶҪϺüڵĹŷ忴ɱţ
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һƽһ뵽Լղŵ״̬ͷһ£Ϊ֪ͻƵĹͷֻҪľһ㲨ҪôͻʧܣΪ󽵵³Ҫô
߻ħû˼ɱħͷ
ľܲȶģпܻ˵ңڲܿƵغֱײһǲ˵ֻһ

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ͻȻԶĽȴŽκͬʱͷ͵һ̧ͷȥǷһ·ǴӾ֮ϵ߲ʹŹŷڵķ¡
󣬱һɺƴ󣬰磬ѹƬ֮ڣȻûǣǣɱĵѹѹöϢ˹ȥ
Ȼζ챻ѹѹϢˣȴż侪ϲĹâ֪ŷ壬Լǿ񻰰İɣٴͻˡ
ͻƵˣҰ½ϣδ˵ľ硣
𣡣
һҰ޵ŭٿǽµĹǱͻȻض˹һ㣬ǱضϵĹȫ˹ŷڵλá


241 һ
ڵѨںϵһɲǣŷ͵ؾһ𣬶оһƺǲãǺĸӦԼγĳ
ָӦһɺ嫵طԼˣС
뵱ϴʹʱķȫͬΣƺϢΣŷܵȴǻ
·ֻҪַһ֮䣬ܾ
Ȼ򣬲˿յģķ
ԼȫʱŷͷԼǴˡѨλȻֿʼµı仯Ȼ壬תΪҺ塣
ùŷӸеȵ鷢ˣֻҺ塮ȴҪɲһٴѨλ塮ȫںϣܴһѨλҺ塮̶һңԭ塮߰ٶʮѨλǼ٣Ϊ˰˴Һ̬ġ
ңڰ˴ѨλҺ塮ƺֻǴһѡ
ŷȴû˶ţΪоһѨλҺ塮̺඼ܱȵϽٴ塮̺ˣȻȻˣȴ˸Եı仯
ңøӻ񣬾ҲǴӣ֮ǰͬҺ塮ȵĻҺȴҪǿһࡣ
˵ǰŷ嵯ָһɱһŽ۷ߵĻôڵָ֮䣬ٶϰŽ۷˲仯Ϊɻҡ
ɴ˿ɼֲൽжôԡ
ֱϢķһ̣ŷΪûϢķˣ־磬ѾȫҪǰ㣬ҪȥԴܻȥˣ֮
ȻҲֻ֮ѣǲ֮һƥеĹһ̡
ȵŷͷһҰްĺУʵȫɣǹҲȫضϣһڽ˹ŷڣʼΪǿʡ
ʵǿŷĸйҲøΪԭֻ֣ܿʮ׾ߣھȻǿԿü֮ˡ
ΨһùŷоźǣεûʲôӦһ룬ԳһЦԼЩ̰ĲˣѾ߼ĵ򣬻ʲôӦ
ѵԼǿ񼶵Ĳɣ
Ȳ˵ܲǿǸ𣬾˵¼䣬¶ûּɣ
ʵٶȺܿ죬ʮӣЩâѾȫڽëܣûзŹ
ŷȻշֻһˬйٱ֮ǰ֪Ҫ˶ٱκһ˿紵ݶܹظо΢紵֪ж죬һ˶ٸë
Ҳͬǽˣڵ֮⵽жֻУ
ЩǸйٵĽǿȣŷ֪òôˣܹ϶ǣȥܣܵȣҪǰҪһ㣬һҪǿʮֹ
⻹ֻԼóĽ
ǿȣŷͲҪȥ룬֪ܵõԼԳ̶ȣҲʮֻʹһʹƤƣ˵ǻʲôˡ
ǿˣ־磬ͺñһŴ󵶵ĳˣһ޴Сһв֪࣬
һ뵽ŷжʱֻоؿһ𲻿졣
𣡣
һȫĴ𣬼ддѹд޾ƣֱ
һ𣬱һըףȻҰ½ϿȻը죬ˣͻȻŭһ
ŭӵѹƣӿѹÿһ˵ͷΪ͵ģЩûΪͨգֱ̱˵ϡ
ЩΪߵģȻ˲ǵĺȴ£ΪϸߣŸܸ̲ܵصѹȸУĵףôһ뷨վԼǰ¹ǶԷһ񣬾ɱԼǧٱˣ
֣һӿǶ֪׷ʲô飬Ҳ֪˭ǳһ£Ǿǣ˶Դ½ɱ⣬ôҰ½ؽ̻
ǿһƣ֤ˣʵ
ռҴãսɷŹڽ顣
ͬʱһȻͷһƣеĲ豭ڵأжͬʱðһ뷨ѵˣҰ½Ҫֻ֮ˣ
Ǿ͸оƺϤ͵أ뵽ʲô࿴һۣӶԷп𾪺Ϳϲ
ϵܣǹϵܵ
һᣬϲؿ϶
սҲæŵͷ˵ղǵѹŷǿٺüʮŷȴϤޱȣһ񣬾ܶ϶ǹŷ巢ģ
ǣ⣬Ҳ̫
Ƕ֪ȥˣŷǿѾȫȫķΧ
С˵ûǸ磬һˣɨǴ½ˡ
Хһ̾ĵȴɷһ֮УԭΪǸǿҲȱǿȥһӦŷͻƺ󣬹һŭƣ֪Լشˣһ൱ס
ԽһЦ²ģХµһȴ֪ԭԼ˵Ŀ⡣
ˣǾͱ⸱ˣȻǸȷǴڵģôҲһԵ
ɷеۣͻȻһ־Ȼľ⣬ǳǧģڹŷͽܵļ£»
ɷĻ˶࿴һۣʵΪֻǾŽ׳ڵͰѩ˷
Ƕ֪ŷͻƺ󣬾ȥҲһͻǸʱĵ˵ټϹŷµǼƿҩܹǸĿԡ
˵ٷ֮٣ȻҰ½ˣȴҪϲ֪٣
Ȼ⼸ڣȻþ޷Ǿֻ˵ʲУԲˡ
ϼһ˵òӽ쿪ʼռҵһﶼȥܣȫȥռҲ죬Ҳصʲô
սڸ͵ʵԼ˿ҲǶǸѡ
رǣܵ˹ŷһ𣬱ǿƣЩȲҪȥˡ
æͷֺ£ǵȻᷴԣ
漴ǱԼȫԼżƿҩʹҴұԼķ䣬һʼⱲŬһ

⣬ôܣôһƫƧСҾϴγʮײŲǧ꣬ôݵʱôܻᣬһԴߣ
ڴʱĳҰϿյУǸδ֪Ůˣ¶ݵؿŹķУǳ˲ŵૡ


242 ˣ
Ұ½ĵ죬֪һŷʮߣһ͵ġ
ԼӦģҲǸߣӦҲܰ½ǡ
֪֮ΪֻҪ˵ĵطڹŷĴ¼ŷִԣüҲе𾪡
ҲòôϸΪŷֻ˲ʮ꣬ʹʮ׺󣬱͵ؿʼѰˣȻŷĵƷߵҩʦȵЩ֪᲻˷ܵ÷衣
ֻ֪ŷʣѾǷˣܰѴнĻöãֻһԴˣ
һ뵽ľأ̲סһǳ̾Ϣ
ͿʼѰҹŷӰ죬½ҹˣȴȻûӰɺɻͣڰУ˼֮ʱŷŭ𣬱ը졣
ѹƣ֮ɫ䡣
ԴߣǱԴߵϢ
һȻؿķ򣬵۵ɵôģʵ
˵оƺǲͻƶѣŲԴһ׳ڵΪô˵ƫƧСȻһԴߣ·һ
ڵǸҪܶŻһԴߣԼ˺ü꣬ҩ︨ǰǵָŵԵġ
ȻȻ뵽ԴߣǸйŷ˰ɣ
ԽԽпܣһǶĳǳصĵطͻȥˣȻԼΪҲ
ǣʱĻ
Ȼʮ꣡
ţʮ꣬ʹڣһ·ǵԴߣ
ʲôʣ統УҲֻЩľţŻ˺ŵĽٶȰɣ
ңЩţΪžƷҩֵǰϤָٵģ
أƺҰ磬׸ͻƵԴߣ
ûгƷҩ︨ûг̵ֽοԼŬģ
ѵȫȫԼ𣿣
ĵУǲ˼飬ʮֻ꣬ʮ꣬ԼԴ
⣬̫ˡ
ˣһҪκδۣϧ
еĲ˼תΪ˼ͼᶨ֮ɫҲ룬ķ򣬼ɶȥ

ŷ֮ǰҲû뵽Լֻǰؿһȥ˶ѣȻЧ
Ȼܹ֪Լ𣬿Ұ½顣
ԼԺһҪעһˡ
ŷεԼϢΪӦϿȣϿһƬԴޣоԼϢڵأѡ
һջϢεӰͳǰȻһ¾˽˹ŷĻ
ɣΪ㽾
ͣڰУηڹŷͷȻ˫ǳݵص
ղţǹƼ׼ʮף򣬶ļ²ѣͺưɻĹһ㣬Ρ룬磬ʹһ˿ֿ֮
ԼϲŮ˳ݣָоǼõģ׼˵֮ʣȴһĿ͵رתͷͿ򶫷
ˣ
ŷ壬ôˣ
μŷû˵ɻ̧ͷʵ
˵ĸӦڻҰ½ģȴһԴߣִ󾳽Ĳ࣬ɲǿȿġ
ңȥȥ
ŷջĿ⣬תͷ΢΢һЦ˵
ţ
æ˵ͷȻɿסŷ˫ۣ£½
ȴǻһΡ
֪ˡ
ȥ󣬹ŷ͵سϿȥڸղţӦһΪƺԼҪǿһߣ߷
ȻеףӦñˣԼģ裬Ϊܿ϶֪֪ԼӵбԴ飬֪ܻܿϺһɱ˶ᱦ
⿴ϺǷģ֪жôˡ
ҲΪʲôŷҪ֮ǰҪҪԭˣһ򣬾һһԷ˴ģôԼĿǰΪҲЩ
ĿǰԷΪȴֻԼǿһѣʲô⣬˭ɱ˭һأ
ΪͻƣŷеٶɸѸݣһֻķټǧɵĸ߶ȣһգۣѾ
һɳŷĿһͿһλʼնЦŮӣ
ŮӣòҲףһŮˣرǹȻ˫ȴĮĸоΪò˼֡
ǣĻȴǻҪϲ١
ٿţŷļʶһ۱ϳ·ƺһԴףȼȴǲߣھʲôȼģŷͲ֪ˡ
ϸһоΪŷҲͳ׵طԼΪǿһ㣬ŷȴųţսԼʤ
Ů˵֮Ҳûпڣ˫ĵ´Źŷ壬ԽǴԽ𺳡
ȷû˵ͣûгʮ꣬ôܿ϶һˣʱ䣬ʮ꣡
Ȼ֮ǰ׼ۿӦȴøΪȻ
졭벻ȻţҵĽӣ
ѵ˵ĸֵǰģ
ԣЩ˵СĳСۣĸΪҲԲ˵ȥһ۵ģ
˵һСеһСۣ
͵ڴǵ
ԣܿ϶Բĸֵ
Ȼ²϶ԣôֻǣõĳ
⡭еܡ
Ůţ˫ȴ²ɨŹŷ壬˿ԷһȻЦ֮⣬κһ㲻һĶߡ
Ůӳɣˮ½磬Ƿǹŷ壿
ȻʲôҲ˼һĵЦ⣬Źŷʵ
ˮ½磿ѵˮ½磬Ǹĳƺ
ŷɻȴûбֳ˿һЦ˵ͷشǹŷ塣
оɣҰʮߣЩʮֻҪһԼ˵ˮ½硯¶һЩȻıǰ꣬ȻʼնŹž޲
δأıԼ룬ĳȻʹӶ֪ϣ˻Ұ֮⣬硯ڣ
ʵҪ˵ĻҰ½Ϊʲô֪˵Ǿ֮ܣΪˮ½иŵԭ
Ϊ˵ˮ½磬ȷǻҰ½֮ؿԱȵģ硯ˮ½ȴԵ΢ˡ
ԣΪ˷ֹҰ½۽翪֮ȥͶ硯ˮ½ˣòóַ
ңֹˮ½磬ˮ½ͬȼġ硯У󲿷ֶѡֵǹ̷硯ķΪֻܱ֤Щ硯ֵߣܵǵзӪУԼвʧ


243 ֮
㡭ѵ֪Ĵڣ
ɾȵʵ
⻰ŷһԷ˼滹кܶ磿
Ҳûϸ룬ҡҡͷش֪òǺ֪ϲֹֻлҰ½
ŹŷһƬ̹ȻֲΪԼĲ²ɻҲֻżȻǸЩʮĪʧƲ⵽Ķѡ
Ϊŵ֪Ʋ⵽ģЩȥܣֻҪȷһ㣬ʣУ
˵ͷǵЦԽԽŨڽ͵˵ûϣȷֹҰ½
ֹġ硯ÿ硯һ磬ͳЩ磬Ϊ硣
Ұ½ҲֻǵĽзǳƺΪҰ硯
ֻ˵ôһξͣΪһ̺ϢͺǾˣҪŷúȥһ
˵ʵɵĽͣŷ쳣𺳵ģȻܿ϶ڣȴû뵽Ȼ˶࣡
˵֣ԼĲ֪Ҫٱ
գҲؽ
Σ˶磬ô֣ܲԼӰ
ҪǣǰɵŮˣҲǶôǿ󣬼ȻˣȥҹŷҲһԣ
뵽ŷͳѪеҰһ̧ͷ΢ЦʵȻôڣЩ綼Ӧû˵ȼɣ
һŷ⻰оͲһ˿֮ɫʲôֻҪкûǿֵ֮ģôͱضеȼ֣֮磬ȻҲС
ûҲͬŵȼĻ֡ɵͷ͵ҲģȻǻҰģطСԴǼûУʮ߶ѳһСˡ
ּĽ磬ǳ֮Ϊƫ硣
ƫ磿ŷüͷһ壬ȻҰ½״ܵȷˣ֮Ϊϣĵһʹ졣
رǣ϶֣ǰΣʦȫȥˣ͸ùŷһջ
ߣϣ
ŷʱһҲû˵ʲô֪˵Ľз
Ҫֻ֣Ұ磬ʮߵȷǳ̫̫ˡ
ҽҪ˭ϣ
ô˵Ұ綼ԼĵطôСôƫƧŷ嶼˶Լļҡ
ŷһߣʹóɵĶ΢΢һʵ֮ǰŷŭУ֪ŷΪ˵Լĵͣۺʵȴ϶Լڿ£ʵԼҪǿϲ٣
磬ӶԷһһУܴĦܶϢҲЩһŷʣҲȻˡ
ٶ룬˼˵ȼ͵Ľ֮⣬ϣˮ½ּĽˡ
ˮ½磬һԴһףһԴߣֻҪһԴһϣȴûбԴĽ磬ΪܿܿС硯ּĽ磬˵Ҳкܶࡣˮ½磬ܿܿС׵ġ
˵ɲɿЦһ漴״̬ٱܿܿС߶˵ģǡǿ硯ˡ
ܱΪǿģһԴϣŽµǿУֻмǧּĽѡ
Ȼ󣬱ӵбԴʮ۷ǿġߴ硯ˣֽȻ٣ֻٸѡ
ģǵȼߣǬĽˣּģֻһƺ硯
磬ҲֻôʮһѣͳЩģȫǬǿߣЩ磬ҲԴ࣬㣬˿ܼǿģ
һȫһȻɱ㰲ԭأȹŷЩϢ
ŷЩţԽԽе𺳣Ϊ֮㣬Ϊǿ֮𺳲ѡ
ЩҲܵĵóһۣԽԴԽ࣬ǿԽǿģĵȼԽߣ
ʦǰңӦñǵȼߵˣ
ֻǣ֪ң治ڣ
ŷȴǲʣΪһʳЩɱضᾪԼ֪ЩģȻ϶һЩҪĲ¼ɣԣ⣬ֻеȵȥЩ֮ȥұ˴ˡ
ߣ˻ãûôԼʦʦĸŻɣ
ȻھǸʱ򻹼ԶԶʦĳ𣬹ŷһ̶ʱʱμǡ
ΪʦԼӵһУ


244 
˺һ󣬹ŷƽһ˼ʵ˵ʲôԴߣľ𣿡
ɼŷȻô̵ʱڣָ򶨣ɰԾȣ벻ľȻҲ˳ɫ
治֪򣬵ʲôģ
Ҳûȥ̫࣬ΪŷҲǻߵĶѣûȥ룬Ϊ򣬱ѾǼ侪˵ˡ
˵Ϊ棬ȴҲ𲻵ʲô̫ãֻԵһ֣Źֶκ͸Ӧǿ
ǴӱߣͻƵԴߣҲһƼߣԵɺ򵽱Դпͻˣһ켶ıߣȴʼͨ򲻵ʲôǱԴĻһ޷ͻƵġ
ʣȫǷֿģֱӵĹϵ
ˣڱԴУӵлƼҲڣ˵򣬲ڱڣڱԴڣǼ䲻ڵˡ
ԼҲֻǵؼѣԲ²ŷǻߵģѾоˡ
ǵģ˱ߣǱԴߡ˶٣˵Դߣ뱾ߵһģһ׵ʮףÿһףֶгСߵ֮֡
ϣ⣬ǿĴˣǬ
־磬˵Ҳֻһֲʵʵѡ
˵ɵûʲôĽֻг羴
ĽûĸԴŽµߣ뷨ɣ
Ҳ̫ʵˡ
ŷ˵ͷԭԼ⾳ԴͽԴ֮ˣ
ԴںϺзҲȷʺϡ
ЩʮߣǷǴˣȻǵ
ŷĿô࣬Ҳ˳ɵ⣬ֱӿʵ
ǵģҲҵ⣬Ȼˮ½ܿܿСУڵ׵ģҲ㹻ԴṩΪҲֻһҪǾǰһǧ꣬һǧ֮ȥ
¶ֿǳϿҵؿŹŷ
ǰҪЩʮߵĻ˵ֱֻ˵һЩЩ߱ȲؼˣǾ͸˵Ǿֻһǧ꣬һǧ֮ȥĻˡ
ͬˣŷ壬˾Ȳ˵ڱһԴһ׳ߣ˵ڵĽٶȣò˶ܻ꣬ɳܸߵľȥʱض뿪ȥԴȥЩõĽȥ
ң˱ԴߣɱˣǼȶԷǿϺܶ࣬Ǻѳȥģˮ½磬ҲֻԴ߶ѣɱĻ϶ܰɱģҲһشԣЧңԵЩˡ
ˣˮ½һǧ꣬˼ǲľȻ綼뿪ȥʮϰľͻߣô˽ʱŵһǧֻ꣬ҪӦˣ;ȥҲԼ뿪ġ
Գɵ˾һʳڵﶼǺܽģӦ飬һ㶼ټϣһǧԣԵ̫΢ˣԣԼҪǺĹŷӦġ
ǣȴ֪ŷֲԸⱻκԼˣҲҪѾܵˣɶڹŷ˵һǧ꣬ʵ̫á
붼û룬ŷҡͷܾҲ뱻Լ
һ⻰ɾ̲סüͷû뵽ԼôźȻܾˣԴҲֻܰҧȴûκΰ취ѵܰ˲ɣ
ҲԼù

Ȼŷʺܺˣˮ½磬ǿǿҲûκθϵɫҲɳ
ŷЦЦʵҲٵ޷뿪ˣΪֻҪڳɺ棬֪뿪ġ
ȴʵ̫޳ܣ̫ˣŷȻǲģԷҪԼȥʲôˮ½磬Ҳֻܺ޳һء
Ҳ򲻹Լ
ССԼһ룬ҿԲҪṩκԴҲǡֻҪܹҴôҾͻһʱ䣬ңһԴӦܼ顣
ŷ⻰ԵЩˣҲΣֻԴԼ֮ǰһ޾ǲյġ
ԣһҧгݣûôʶ̧ٵģҪǿǿҪǿʵԼǿ޲øһˣ
ŷȴʼձһ΢Ц˺һй˰ˣȻκԴֻҪԼһ㱾Դʯȥˮ½һʱ䣬һӦ飬ƺҲͦġ
ðɣȻ㶼ô˵ˣǴ¾˵ˣ
һƽһľ˵ͷӦ
ǺǣõģҿܻҪϼ졣
ŷ΢΢һЦ˵
سɵûʲôͷûϵ˵ƺ׼ʮߣ
ŷԣĿʱȻ֪˵˭ֽ½Ҳֻκͺ׼ʮˣصòҪǵ⣬һ㣬ˮ½磬֪ʲôǺڣ
һŷĻһǷ·һ񣬶ʱ͵һȻһ˿ηĸо
㷴Ӧ˹ԼôҲһԴһĩˣôܱһ仰һŵֱð亹
ңԼҲû˵ҪҲԼ
죬ŹŷϢȴôҲ˵ݻΪһֱƺĻңĿõ
ߣҲֻʶѣʮߣˮ½źüλģҲ
ȥֱ˫ۣɱͷһ
Ļŷ岻ɾͷΪһֻҪˣĵطͻȻôڣˮ½ضǺĳЩĦǽġ
ʮףּУȫڻңһŷôҲ룿
ҼסĻˣϣ˵
ŷɲԼвȥˮ½᲻ᱨԼҲѾһ˴µ˽⣬ֻҪԷǱԴϵĸ֣ܹǻɱԷ
ǿ󣬲ڱڣڱԴڣǵĴڡ
ңԼӵбԴףԴЩȻ֪ʲôȼģҲǳɺǼԴ߿ӵеġ
⿴·ܴ²µˡ
İɣʮ߶ѡ
ɲмص˵ͷʵҲΪ˽κͺľʺ򣬲Ȼ϶Ӧôʹ죡


245 
飬Ѿ˽ˣԼʲô磬ҲѾˣȻкܶûףЩǲʵġ
Ȼ˵ˣôǸһߣң
ղžв˶ԷŷȴûƵģϸղŵı͸δֹһ㣬Ȼ¶΢΢Ц⡣
˹ŷһ޳֮󣬳ɱҡͷһڼ㡣
磿õģ죬ұȥ㡣
ŷ˵ͷԭ뿪ĵطȻ
ˣڻ飬ϣܡ
ɻû˵ֱ꣬ӱŷִˡ
ǰǰǻҰ½˵ֻһƫ磬Ҳһ֪ȨҲ֪ǵ뷨ٿˡ
ʲôЦԼˣѻҰ½˵󱸵ڻ
ŷЦѣȻˮ½ԻҰ½˷Ϣ⣬ڣ붼룡
Ұ½ҲһӣǣûȨҲûʸô
ŷնĻɾ̾˿ˮ½Ͻƫ磬ҲкüٸҲ̫ںһҰڻҹ
Ҳ죬ȥø죬ﻹ߹ŷղŵĻȻкһתͷ˴˵أգۼ䣬ȥʧӰ
֮󣬹ŷ΢Цɫȴǽ
ΪǣֻˣԼҪ뿪̤δ֪;
Թŷ뿪ξһֱ겻ġ
򰲾ſһߣܸܵ˴ʱ飬ȻǲҴš
ʱʶظ˳ëȴҵΣͻȻɵӰ罵£Ȼһòɣ΢ЦؿԼ
㣬̸
μһ˿Ц⣬ʵ
šŷ̾һ˵ҾҪ뿪ˡ
ε˵ͷʱҲѾ׼ҲûΪŷߵôæеӦ
ȻһЦʰ飬Źŷ֣΢˵⼸ӦûкܶҪŰɣǾ߰ɣ
ŷ֪εضܣܺܵȥЩ飬ǱҪġ
ΰսֽ֮󣬹ŷ㱧εĽ𣬶Щصͷ˿һûĵطӳģȴذ
һΣŷиܵԼڵٶȵױ֮ǰ˶٣ԭҪһʱܵģȴֻһСʱѡ
ŸյռϿգŷĴ㴫ս˵ĶУԼΣһͬռҴ÷˹ȥ
ŷˣδˡ
һŮŷͻȻӿн£͵һΪϮٶһ־Ȼλ¶羴֮ɫǹһ
ŷͷ΢΢һЦ̤߽Ĵţս˵ĵ
ŮǴ˵
ղſʲôǸ½񻰣ɫʣǸŮ˻ˣȻȻԼЦˣ
Сǣ벻ƽ׽ˣͲǱ˵ɱ˲գ۵ħͷ
ڽӵŷ崫ĵһʱ䣬ɷ˱ͣ첽˹˵ڵ඼˷ʳĵزû취ȫǱŷĽٶȸġ
ȵģǺһͿ˶ϣ΢ЦſԼĹŷ壬һӦͬԨϢоͲһ˿ԼĴĴָȴǲ֪ʲôȥˡ
磬Ҳò˶þͻˡ
ŷоһºϢȿڵ
һεЦٶȣ溹ţ
ע⵽εϢоһף벻ãѾٽˣ£ͻֻһɣ
Ҫ˵Ļʱǲ˲٣Ҫ֪˺üǧ꣬Σֻǲʮѣв࣬һĿȻ
Ҳѽһ£ҲԵģ
ڴһЦоԼͻƵʮףȷ飬ܿ϶ڹŷȥǰһǿͻƵʮ׵ģ
⻰ԭװƣʱɢһգ¶ԴЦҲϵܺ͵Լʻʲô¼䣬жܱȵģ
ԣڼǧʮףѾߵˣҲԵõʱ
ʱɷˣҲ׷׸
һӦŷɲΪԶΪϲѣȻǸоŷʵԽˣǱԽľ
÷˵˵ԶԿʮ׸ˣ
סһͳž֮ɤʵ
ˣڣһؿŹŷ壬Ƕ֪ǿʲôز
ŷЦЦҲһԼĿǰսʮףӦǰٰʮģɡ
⻹ǹŷ΢͹սԴĲһǴһ磬Խһľ룬֪ڱԴǰεĲһ
ɾˣҲսˣǶ֪ŷǾԲԿ˵󻰵ģǣ⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˺һǲԻ˼սʵС壬οҪ
˵ͷȻŷѹ磬бԴȫ˵ǰЩʮߣǲˮ½˽ĻԲŲҶԵġ
ڣŷԴȴǺں仰Ĺ򣬱ѻҰ½Щʮ߻ĪʧŸ˿
Խɷ˵ԴԽǻ裬ֱſڽࡣ
ʲô磬ʲôƫ磬ʲôߴ磬ʲô硭
ʲôԴߣʲôǬߡ
Щκһ֣ԻڻҰ½Ȼ󲨣
벻벻ȻӴ벻Ȿ֮ϣ˶ľ磡
ЩϢǵ𺳣ʵ̫̫ˡ
þԣֱ˳Ĭʮ֮󣬲ľߵĺսɷȻع
ΣȻҲ𾪣ȴû̫𺳣ϾǼǸӰġ
ϣ
ʱһߣϵĺҲŻ˼ΣһͭУǿ
ŷͬǣ˶ƽʱûһȴһİԻҰ½һּ黳ҰԼļұɡϡǶ裡
ȻҲ֪ĽͳƣԻҰ½ﻹջ
İɣ磬ǻлƣ˭ϣ
ŷ֪ĸܣϣƺһ衣
ãϵܣȥˮ½磬Ҫ˶ãҺҲϵ
أǿ뷨ԽԽǿԼļңô˿𣿣
˵ҲﱾʮףڹŷղŵĻ˽⵽ʮףȥֻ䱻ķݡ
ԣҲԼ˱ԴߺϵܣһͬԼʵЩߵߴ磬ˣǣҲ߹󲻵ȥ


246 
Ļŷ˵ͷû˵ʲô
ֻҪȵΪ˱Դȥ磬ŷǲȥȰģΪԱӦûʲô⡣
С壬ǸɵŮ㣬ʲôԼ𣿡
սһʳ˹ؼ⡣
ǿɲţˮ½˻ŷ뿪϶ʲôǻôãͲҪϸ룬ˮ½˼
˽ΪȥսĿģ
ʼȷҽǵûͬ⣬ֻ˵һһʱ䣬ȻӦ¡
ŷ˵
ս˵˵ͷ˿ûоùŷ⻰Ϊʵʣ˵ֳֻŵѾĶˣ
󣬹ŷֿʼ˵Լʲôʱ뿪ȻͿʼ˵ԼͻʱĸܣսҲȫעţóһֽȻѹŷĻһһؼ¼»ǡ
ŷ˵ЩԻҰ½˵̶ȣ͵޼֮˵Щ飬ҪͻƣȻÿԼŬԣɣԼȥҪɵüࡣ
ŷڴｲһʱ䣬;ЩѶ֮ʾһ飬˵ǹŷЩЩʾǳéٿ֮С
нΪԵģκͺ
ֱͻƵ˱ʮףͻʱƣɲǼ͸˷ԲǧķΧռһʮߵϢҲٶȣд
˵ԭҪһ²ſͻƵĺΪ˹ŷʾĵãȻ漣İͻʱ̵һңɼ⾭飬жôҪ
ҲǰЩʮߣԼͻƵĵôڸ󱲣йŷԴڵ͸
ȼп
ʱת۱
죬ҲûʲôðŵģѣҪߵϢҲѾڻҰ½
Ϣȴûдǹŷ岻ǣǣ֪̫࣬δؾʲôãֻɸѹһֻȥ硣
ԣ飬˭ֻҪΪ˾Ž۷ģʸ֪Щţڵ֪ϢȥŷҲд㡣
ΪԼҪǰȥˣҲȻ뿪һǷǳĵطԣҲֻΪʮ׵βſͬԼǰȥΪС
θȥĻȻ֪뿪ˣʱٸ֪ս˱ǡ
峿Ÿոշ΢죬ŷΣ㴩룬ӷ˳
ʱεЦȴôҲװˣȦ죬С죬Źŷ֣ĬĬظ
죬ҪȥһȥҪð
Լζȹһӣ
ŷ˽޹ǵ裬û˵ʲôȴǷ֮顣
Ҫ˵ԼǷģʵ̫̫ˣ飬ĳգᣬƽ⣬һһУùŷ
ԼȴҪ뿪
߳ſڣŷ㿴һȺһɨЩϤˡ
ս˱㲻˵ˣ飬ϣʯСѾʯӣСȵȣЩˣΪŷеġ
ʯСѾͰѩ޺ۡ
ΪǶ֪ŷһȥٺεȵա
Ȼŷʵɲ⣬ȴȫʵǿﰡ
Ҳ֪ܻܲ
Լʲôأǿ˳ڣôܻزأ
һڽĳһ죬һҫ΢Цһ㿭ģ
һģ
ϵܣһ·أҲ֮Ǳĳˣ
ʹĹŷļЦ˵
ڴŷ΢Цͷ
С壬Ҫǵãù򣬴򲻹͸ܣû
ɷǰ۵
ŷȴؿУƺһˮɫ
ܣʦͽĵĻûж٣ʦͽ֣ȴƸӡ
ϼһ˵õĲùȻð˼򲻹ܻŰأ
սʱͷһ䣬ֱɷ
Ҫƽʱɷ϶ҧȻߣӾͻսϼٻغϣڣȴĵֻǺһȻĹŷļ磬û˵ʲô
󣬱һһŷ𣬹ŷҲһһͷӦů
˶𣬹ŷ忴ǰһϤף죬ȴǲ֪˵ʲôˣǸɴʲô˵ˣӯӯСؿһۺȻתڿնżȥ
ڹŷӰʧ˺þã˶עǸ򣬾þԡ
Уףţƽƽջع顣


247 Ϊһ
·ϣҲ˵ֻǱŹŷ䣬ܽܽ
ŷҲر֪ȥοҲӵţõİο˰ɡ
ٶȺܿ죬;оƹƹȻǸƹżҲȻǸżңûΪǰʱĶʲôӰ졣
Ҫǣǵʵ̫̫¶ȲһߣСû˭ǡ
Ͱ˰ɣ
ŷ忴ǸѾٴڵ򱦸ſڣȻתͷЦʵ
ǵãֻԼ䣬ξ״η˻һ룬ǴǸʱξͿʼϲԼˡ
뵽ŷ㲻Щ⣬Լȫ½Ľΰһá
ʵ˫һֱŷŵĻͲһߣǸʱŰء
ȴ֪ǸʱԼȷѾ
Ŷʲôʱҵģ
ŷƺ⣬ʵֻΪ˻һ¼ֱı˺Ͳᡣ
εûϣգˮĴ۾ڴɳʱ㲻Ϊҵʱ
̾һĵʵ㲻ðοңûµġ
ŷĬĬͷٶ˵Ȼӿٶȣ˲䣬ʧƲ֮С
¶ȣ͵
Χʮңߣǵ¿֪
Ҳһƽڶ࿰ɽıɽεض𣬹⻬羵ǺĻѩЩѩϱܵԴޣҲȫѩѩ׵ģأһƬɫ
գƮŶëĴѩ̹ǵķ粻ʱХЩ޷ԹŷκӰ죬һϮҲȻ
ڻûӽŷ͸Ӧ˳ɵϢڳܣָӦŨŨıԴ֮
Ȼ
ŷһ±֪ΪбԴ֮϶뿪Ұ½ģҲףΪʲôҰ½ôöûҵ뿪ķԭΪ˱ԴڣܹӦõ
Ѿʮ˵ΣһƽȻǲûиӦ
ңô룬ûʮףûá
磬Խ룬±Խǵͣŷʮѣ±½һǧȣԴ޵ӰҲʧ
ֵ£ǼͺԴޣҲ޷ȥңûʲôʳȻûͷԴ޻
ڣ¶ȴʼձų£䲻ȣûκĸо
ŷ壬ǸŮˣǳ𣿡
οնһĳɣתͷŷʵ
ȻɳúƯһŮˣģȴһʣΪ˼֡
ȴû뷨ǹŷ弴ȥˮ½磬ܻܿԷϺܳһʱ䣬ûоԼʲôв
ΪԼˣֻԼǾԲκŮ˵ģ
û
ŷЦŵ˵ͷڳɶ棬Цõˣ
ȴûȥŷĻ˫ۣ㶵ؿΣ𾪡
ֹΪǲһ꣬ΪȴȻǵʮ׳ڵʸŵˣǾݣŮˣһޡ
ݣü˫۱ߵĲʺ磬λá
񣬾Ө͸ǧ˿ɢ˫֮ϣΪʥ࣬ŵУһƮ첻֮ˡ
ٿ޿޵ģνǸðĵط͹ĵط͹ջޡ
էһͺʥӣ欵ħŮĽ壬ó֮ģ
벻Ů˾Ȼ˾벻ССĻҰ磬Ȼ統У궼ֲһľɫŮˣ
ңʣܱȲϹŷ壬Ҳڶһѵĳ
αֱضţȴûκβȻŵŵЦݣԵúƽ
ΪôЩ꣬ѾģŮ˵ģҲϰΪ
ŷ忴˾ɾҡͷЦεŮͨɱ
˺һᣬɲڴӾлعǶѺõЦЦȻתĿ⣬ŷʵ׼𣿡
ŷ˵ͷص׼ˣʱ뿪
뿪һڣŷظо˶Ȼһȴֲ֪˵ʲôֻܻ˵С§ԼԼ¶ȣǲ
ٵͷһǹϣ֪ʱȴѾǱˮմǳĽëҲճ˵㾧Ө飬Ҽ
ģŷһۣſ죬׼˵ʲôʱǽ۵С֣ȴǸԼ촽
ɣΪһɣ
ֹס¶ԼЦݣŹŷϤ˵
ŷǣ˵ͷſĽ
һŷĻͷɳ֣ȻҲᵽԶȻ󣬿ʼ衣
ںɪɪܣƮŶëѩ紵Ǻ˿¶޷ݵݣ˫ۣȴʼղ뿪ŷ롣
飬Ĳᣬƺܰڻ
ţʲôԭճտŹŷУ𽥸׷֮ɫϣҲ¶ҸЦ⡣
ѩУ趯Ӱǻѩľ飬Ů޿ޡ
ǹŷ壬ǳɣҲѾˡ
û뵽֮䣬Ȼ顭
ʵҲԴһȥġ
Ƭ̣̲סȴֲ뿪ڴһԵĹŷ崫
һᣬŷǱȴǸûػ˫ɲؿ趯ˣƺһУУֻʣ°˵Ĵڡ
̾һ֪ⲢǹŷûԼĴĬϻشΣֻһǰȥ
ʵҲ׹ŷ뷨ͨʮȥ磬ܲʲôΣգΪʮ߱ȱԴ߻ࡣ
ǣ˾ɫû˭ᶯģֻҪĸǿ߸ٷ֮ٻᷢͻԹŷڵΪȴֻ׸ķݡ
ԣ磬ûε֮ǰȥã
ͷշתĹε裬ҲѾϡ
ٿǾϣȻҸ۵Цݣ飬ȴһſ¼ǧȵĵ£ֻһ㻯һſű£ȻѩΪһ塭
ŷ˵ǰͰα紵÷ı使УȻʮʣûֵ£ҲȻܲס
ȥɣһġ
ȴ룬ŷӵһСᣬξƿ˹ŷӣһǣ˵
˵ͷŷҲ֪ô飬ҲҪֱģٴؿ˰һۣᶨصģֻҪȵҵΪ㹻ǿ֮ʱϻģ
˵꣬Ȼתһͳ·Ⱥĳɷ˹ȥ
ιµӰճտŰȥ˫ۡ
ɵԣŷǿŲ̧ͷȥԼԵʱ᲻᲻ȥˡ
߰ɡ
̾һΪŮԣԸ⿴ľ·ֱʹ࣬ڹŷ֮˦涪˼һʡʯֻЩ뿪
ڡʯֻѩ˲ͷ߲ʹâȻ󣬾Ȼ۳һ߲ʹĻ
ǰ봫͹ĻɫС֮⣬޼ĹĻŷ뿪ˣ벻ȻҪʯ
Ȼкܶ໰ʳɣʱĹŷʵû飬ԺȫǻεӰ
߰ɣֻҪվȥˡ
߲ʹĻ֮󣬳ٴ˵
ŷһ˵ͷ̧ű˹Ļ֮ǰ̲סˣͣعͷ󷽵ĿС
Ȼǰǰƣ˫۳ճյԼˮֹס䡣
ŷ絶벻֮࣬Ȼ˵ʹ
ɻعͷչ¶Ц⣬Ȼ΢΢̧Լ֣衣
ٴһŷҲ¶ԼЦ⣬Ҳ̧֣ſе˶˻ӣһת̤˹Ļ֮Уֻ߲ʹâһʧӰ
ҲϣâٴһӰҲ漴ʧ
ڳҲ֮ǡʯһգһ𣬷һͻΪɻңƮߡ
Ǹ߲ʵĴ͹ĻȻҲɢ
ԭأҲû뿪Ŀ㶵ضŰʧλãþáþá

ŷֻǰһǱѩأһܸߴǽڡ
һɨ㿴Լεء
һķ䣬ܳǽڣһţҫ߲ʹâĴ͹Ļ֮⣬
ˮ½ˣ
ŷĲǿѹȥ֮󣬱ĺ뵽
ʱǴ͹ĻĹâٴһɵӰͳǰ
ˮ½Ľ缶͹ĻʲôҲûУ߰ɣˮ½磡
һͿ˹ŷɻ飬ǿڽ͵
ǺǣǾ߰ɡ
ŷЦЦ˿ղŷʱĲᣬûûΣǵ磬ܰԼշĻҲͰˡ
ʵӸոճŷͱŽĺ;裬ΪӦϢĴڡ
ΪЩϢȻûһ˱Դڵģ
󲿷ˣ߶ǣ
ܿܿС磬ҲȫǿߣҲͨ˵ĴڣֻΪǿ߸࣬ǿ߸ǿŻᱻΪܿܿСġ
Щͷʱ򣬳ǱߣȴѾƿ˴š
ŷæ߰뷨ͳ濴˹ȥӳĳȴеһʧ
ԭΪˮ½绹Ұﲻͬأ
ȴ룬Ȼȫûʲô
ӣֵ̣̣һģһ
ͱʧˣ磬඼ӵģ
ɼŷʧı飬ͲɿһЦΪ͵
ŷЦЦ׼˵ʲôʱȻĴ͹Ļʹһ󲨶ò¾֪˭͹ˡ
϶ЩȥߵıԴߡ
ͣ½Ųתͷŷ
ˮ½磬Ұ½ȷǳܶܶ࣬ͬȼĽȴԵòˣԣǹһǧ꣬ﶼûһˣ˳ɲŻ˵˿϶
Ҳȷ˵Ӱһ֣ŷоʮ׳֮⣬һˣһԴһĩߡ
ףɣʲôʱģ
ǸʵΪԴһĩڵߣһſڵĳɣȵʵ
ŷ嵭ؿ˴һֳۣûͦ˧ߡ
ȴʵЩˡ
ŷĿ⣬˵ߣֻһң˧ôߣҲΪȥһ֡
˵ŻҲע⵽վڳߵĹŷ壬һ˿⣬ֶԷʮ׳ں󣬱״Ӧǳɴĳ½ˣĵ⣬ҲȻɢ
ʵǳڹŷͻʱȥ˻ҰĻԹŷ򼶱𣬿϶޷ʵΪġ
ǰˣҲ϶ߵȥȻ޷ƹŷΪ
ողŻء
ȴ룬˵󣬳ԭŵЦݣʱ͵ƺǰ˧ܲ


248 Դʯ
ǵȴûһ¶ֺõЦݣɣˣӦûûԷɣߣһȥ¥Էȥ
ҲȳɻشתЦݱ䵭һĿԱߵĹŷʹţԻǡ
ŷƫ磬ûмССʮ׳ڣԼԴߵӦûһĵشӦģȴ룬õĻӦȴһĮı顣
˵Ļŷûʲô飬ΪѾ־Ӹ£ߵȻǰĻһƨ
ɣȴ˲ŭˡ
ŷ屾һԴߣȱּˮ½˵Ǿ޴ģһŭһ֮Ļ˭ס
Լ֮ǰһУǶ׷ˣ
⼸죬Ҳͨһ㣬ԭùŷǾ䣺ֻҪԼ뿪ʹӦˮ½µĳŵǲ֪ߵغԴ󣬵ϸһ룬ʣǱĳɾͱضǷŵԴ󣬷ˮ½һĺôᣡ
˵ΪһԴף߽׵ǿߵĻôֻҪԸˮ½磬ôˮ½𽫻ǱȻģ
٣ǿԴĽ׵ܿܿСУûǸСٸˮ½磡
һ룬ŭٲ֮ǰĳŵ˵Ļˮ½ǿɾǿˣ
һűԼ˼ֵİ˧ŭһҪԼȥ
˵꣬תͷԴǸضԹŷ˵˼˾㲻Ҫ
ŷȻһЦ˰֣û¡
ŷȻЦݣ֪ûаѶԷĻϣɾͲ¶һ˿Цݣ
ȴ֪ŹŷЦӣǸ˧һѪ嶥˫˲䱻ʵŭڸǡ
һߣһӵʹÿЩߵģôô˳ۣû뵽ѾõŮˣΪһˣ˵ҪԼŶԷЦˣ
ԴʹδԼ¶һЦݵģһڶһıʮף¶ԼûܹĴ
ôܹ˳ôܹԹŷ張ʣ
һ̣ǣԹŷɱ⣡
ʮףȻˮ½磬вٵİô˵ˮ½綼żʮߵĴڣɱһȫûκӰ죡
ŷüԷɱ⣬һʱ͸ӦˣȴʵЩƣԼһû˵ʲôûʲôɱң
Ҳûʲôõĵģ½ıԴߣбʮһϣ䲻˵ܹȫɱǣԱȴûκ⣡
ңһˣٴȥ
һ˧ʱǿѹͷĻǵŮʲôʵ˵Ļӡȴ֪ڳѾܶˡ
˵ʵˣ
뷨Ҫǳ֪Ц
Ȼŷľʵȴܰٷ֮ٿ϶ԷۺʵԱԼǿⰫԼʵ࣬Ҳ˵Ϲŷ壬ֻбŰķݡ
ɣ˭
ڣⰫ˧Ҳڿʼȥƹŷˣǲ²⵽Ϊ룬ǲǱûԻסˡ
˭ܵ𣿡
ƺǺⰫ˧ˣһ󣬾һתͷٴζԹŷǸЦЦ˵߰ɣҴȥԳزȻЩطǻҰһģԵĶЩһˡ
⻰ŷĺˣһЦŽ̸һȥȫȻǰ˵˿
ٿǸ˧磬ȴѾ˸ĿǺ죬
ӣܽܣϾôһֱˡ
ŷССʮ׸ӣһ衣
оϢǸʮߣɫףغ˼ǿɲ뱻꼰
ȴǶǸһȻѣڱԴǰȻˣ治֪ţ»أǻˡ
˧Ȼһ𣬵ȴҲûгʧȥǣԥŵڶְ˸ɵ֮ʱ˺ĽŲ㴫ĶС
Ȼ˫һ¶һ˿ݵЦ⣬ȻԼȥɱ²õӡôȥɱǾͲˣ
Ϊẓֻ̇ôһڶİ취йͷ֮
Ȼͷȴ˫һ˧ߣ˧ȻͷԼɫһףΪҪŭԼϣҲڵúܣôʹӦ˸һأ
ȥҰɱˣ
˧ָָҧ
ɱɱǣûʲôɣǡ
һ⻰һͬʱЩͰ͵ؿ˿ŷߵĳɣ˼Զ׼
ǸӦĹŷΪҲͬʮ׳ڣ˵ĪɱЩ̣Ҳһ·ɱģ˿˲ѹȥΪǶ֪մ˵ȥĻҲԼһͻᱻɱӣԲù
ԣΪԼĽȻֻȥˡ
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Ļ˻һﻹԥһóԼӿͳŹŷɱ˹ȥ
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Ϊ˵СϹŷҲȥ˵ʲôҲûֹʲô
ɱϢͷŶʱУһ˿ɱ⡣
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ȻҲǵһʱ͸Ӧ״ð˻˵ǰǸ˧绹ɫΪϲľĻôڣȷȷʵʵض
ס֣
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ʵǹŷڸӣҲֵ̫ԭ򣬱ϾϤϤһԲվԭûġ
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£춼ſ˱Ѿʬ޴ˡ
˧磬ҲϹɣŮ˾ȻΪһˣԼŭȳģ޲úԼһ͸ӿ϶Ĳ롣
쵰쵰
һǸ쵰ûƭɣϹɵŮˣȻҲ
ŭ죬ɫȫͱ˽ɫɶһˣΪѾѳɹΪԼŮˣԼŮȴϲ˱ˣָоԼñӣ
Ҳʲôֻ֪˭Ϊʲôôں
Ϲҧݺݵʵ
ԣһЦϹɣѾϹˣǰǸϹүˣԣĿ˵
˶٣ǲмصУ˭кθɣ
һ仰˵ϹƿԣŻȴԽԽ
֪ٴضûκνģᱻ̣һȭͷ˫ͬ߰㿴˹ŷһۣһߣ߶ȥܣշߡ
ߣϹɷߣпЦɳܣ갡
ˣǿô찡ܸܲԼոҪɱɣ
˿İĻƲѡ
ŷ壬Բ
ϵŭûˣ˿ŷ壬˵һ䣬ȴֲ֪ȥ͡
Ȼ֪Ϲôѹŷ壬ΪʲôԽ룬ԽǳǸ⡣
ʵΪĵıǣŷһŭߣǿɾûȥˡ
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ŷЦҡҡͷִߴٵ㲻˵ҪȥزǾ߰ɣҶӶأ
ŷĻѹͷĴʯԴŵҲ˲٣мؿ˹ŷһۣæͷ˵ţߣȥ
β֪ŷ⻰ʵΪģΪزһ²Բȣûʲô⣬ôܻأ
ȴû뵽Ķ˴
˵鲢ûΪղŵת䣬ŷ岻ߣ鵱Ȼͺãŷ壬ȴǸûаǸϹɵķϣȻҲᱻӰ쵽顣
ǣŷܾãϹգƺЩ죬ƵãһᣬҲû뵽ģҲա
ߣȴ֪ߣǼȴϹǣֻܻţɵ㶵վԭء
ֵĴϣһߺ󿴿ƣһ˽ĸ֪ʶ
ӳɵĽУŷ˽⵽С֮⣬еĽ磬һƹһ磬ˮ½磬ֻˮŴڡ
ڵĵطˮ½ĳУˮ³ǡ
ˮ³ǣмģͬĳǳأһԴƹܣǳɵĸףҲˮŵˮ½ĽǸԴߣ̻ƹܡ
˵̻ϲˮ½磬ȥһС׺ӽ硯ܿܿС磬Ľ̸ʲô£ʲô£û˵ŷҲȥʡ
·ϣ·ϵƺʶɣŷһһߣҵȥ·۾ǺؿŹŷ壬в²˵ݡ
²ǲ²⣬ڲ´ĸĹӣ˿ûǱɴĳƫ룬ϾΪʮ׶ѣʺܺãҲ޿ܵɵͬ
ŷ˿ûȥںЩ˴Ŀ⣬ʱʱؿһЩΪвˣšʯڽף
ȻıԴң⵹ùŷ϶һ㣬⡮ʯӦñĳֽ׻ˣ
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⵹Щˣ˰죬ûʣεؿʵѵͲңЩʯͷʲô𣿡
ŷЦЦʵⲻ׼𣿡
û뵽Ȼôһش𣬰޵ͬʱôסԼľıҲ˺Զľ밡
ʯͷΪԴʯһָֿԴ֮֮ֱԴʯҲ統Ҫͨҡ
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249 
Դʯ
ŷ˵ͷʵⱾԴʯôôɫǲɫԽģԽ󣿡
ղһʮĩóһŶʱԴʯҲĳɻỳԼΪʲô֪мɫġ
ǵģɫԽģԽ󡣡
££ǰ㷢ɼ˵ԴʯһΪ߲ʡ
Դҵɫֻ࣬ûаɫֻࡢ̡졢ȡϡ֣ԴҲͬǣԴʯʲôɫֵȼɫֵġ
ͱ˵һһʱԴʯɫеκһ֣һŶʱԴʯɫӣֻ߲ʵģŰɫ
˵ⱾԴʯĶһʣʮһʣԶһһŶʣʮŶʣԶһһʣԴȥ
˵Ż˱ѾһҺǺķſڣɱָתͷЦˣǻҰ½ûеزŶ
ʲôز
ŷʵ
ʵһֱĥţҩռһʣǧŶʣٶʵıԴʯֵ٣׿Щʲô
ҲµõֵضǳߣΪȲųɼ缶͹ĻʱֻĿһʵĶѡ
ʲôֵŷҲ޷Ԥ㡣
Ȼ֪ˣ
ûŷĲɣȱ˽ȥŷҲ
濴ܿⷹݼһ߽ǹݻĸоӭŷһֻǻҰ½ûеģ˵Ǹһ辰澹ȻЩԴ֮˵Ƕǽ΢΢Ľһ֪ǷƷ
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Ůֻǿһ۹ŷ壬ƿĿ⣬Ȼɻ˭ȻܺСһͬԷְҵʣûаЩɻ¶ϡ
߽ŷŷԷ˲ֻ࣬мѣ໥˵ҲͦСûߺȳԵúǰʡ
ôĻܲɣ
ʵһЩ˱㿴ˣû˭ţеĹضԳЦЦеԼľƱʾ𾴣һԵĹŷ壬Ҳȴ
ȷãܰ
˵ݻϢκһƷֵܶǣЩڷŵöǡô˵ÿŷܣڷкü辰һЩƷҩİܣҩ磬Ϊһ
ȻϲôҾͰҷ͸Σ
˵ԼĿġ
ҷݣûµʱĵģҲע˺ܶѪȥҪΪŷùϵ治þô͸
ŷЦŰ˰֣޹»ңҷݺǺãҪҲûκô
ŷҡ־ܾûκ⣬ЦЦҲٶ˵һ߼ŷ˵£һ߸Ů¥ȥ
ǰŮȴľǾɴ˵˭СҪע˼Ѫķ͸Ȼܾˣ
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ٿ棬ҲʲôʯͷǽƽƵأŷһ۾ϳǼʺֲֲģΪҩռȫ
ֻģҪӺһ㡣
ǽҲʺֲֲأҩȥܹʹҩøãܹ̳ʱ䡣
ָŵƵأ͵Ҳеȼֱ֣ΪƷƷƷƷԼƷ統УСƷһɻһʯôһ˵ɼ󡣡
ƷĽˣƷƷģǧһƷ۳ٱԴʯ˭óġƷġֻڴ˵вС
ô󣿣ŷЩˣҲ֪ҩռЩʲôģ룬ʵҪαȼ
Ҫǿɫ󣬻̶ܼжϡ
һ㿴еЩɫ̫ԣлЩɫĽֻƷһ֣Ʒ㲻ϣֻϡĶѡ
ŷϸϸһɲǣеֻǴһɫಿֶǺɫģĻԼҩռЩ͵ĶǵƷģ
ǰŷҲûעҩռЩأһϸ룬ƺһƷƷģǵƷģƷƷģƺɫһ㣬ӦƷƷϵģŷҲ֪ΪǸ򣬻нƣҲֻеԼҩʦȼƷܹ֪ʲôȼĽ
Կ϶ԲƷģпܱƷ
ֲҩռҩҪĳø죬أԭð
ǰŷͺɻΪʲôԼÿһҩģڶʱֻ֪ʶޣôҲŪףҲͰʷһߡ
ˣԼʦ治ҩ֮ƣҲЩǬ߶ҩһƷҩģǵƷֲģ˭Ϊ֮
Ҫʲô²γɣ
ŷٴʵ
ǰڱԴʯԵģԴʯıԴ֮󣬱Σûи꣬ǲܵġ
Դʯ
ŷ㶣ѵ˵߲ʳ߲ٲұڣһԴʯ
ƺûнȫǺɫǻûȫγɰɣҲǧ꣬ܳƷˡ
ԴʯԴʯǴӱԴʯȡ𣿡
ŷװ֪ʵ
ǵġɵͷԴʯҲеȼֺ֣ܼ֮򵥣ǿǸ棬ȼߵıԴʯǼʵģ˵һֻһʱԴʯҲʿˡ
˵ţеһЦЩƷǰЩĳֵһʿȡġ
ŷȻͷⱾԴǲǺһ
ŷĻɾһЦеֵֹѣˮ½磬ҲֻѰѣ
һʵģһʵģһһʵģڸ߲ʵģֻЩӸģԴ֮ӳ㣬ӹĽпܴڣ
˵оͲһ˿ǳˣǰЩ귢ֵǴʿҲ⵽˼ܿܿС죬ҪǷֿӦ⼸Ӧı꣬ǵĻѾûˮ½Ĵˣ
˵꣬һ̾ĵĵֱӹŷ壬ⶼΪˮ½̫˰ļ룬ǵĴı䣡


250 
ŷЦЦֱӺĻ߲ʵĿƫ磬Сٷ֮ٲ𣿡
ƻٴʧܣΣҲģŷĻҡͷشҲһиӴڵģּʣ˵СüΪ㡣
ûȥʲôֻΪǹŷں档
ŷͷ벻ԼȷǼãˮ½綼ûгֹĲʱԴʯԼڻҰ½ҵˣֻǲ֪߲ٲұжٿűԴʯأ
ⶼԺˣڣҩռļűԴʯѾ㹻Լˡ
ӦÿˣȥǱɡ
ղųɱѾŮȥ׼ˣʱ䣬ҲӦÿϲˡ
¥ֻһӰм䣬ǵζΧ˿˿Դ֮ƣ͵΢紵£һˬ㣬ůůк£һУԵΪ
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ڲ֪ʲôľͷɵϣŷһЩ⣬ȻԼƺôԴôֵȼģǾͰ˳
ղ·ϣҿһƺǻҰ½֪ͬ
ŷ廰һڣɾ֪ʲôˣҲ룬㿴ЩԴ
ԴŷװʵⱾԴֵģ
Դ뱾һģһΪʮֻ弶ģųԣҲֻ弶ϵģܹѪ
ŷȻͷɻΪʲôЩԴЩȴأҲ˹
˱Դ֮⣬һ
ɼһֱȱԴԵһص㣬Ǿǣÿֻӵһ
عŷ治ˣʲô
ͻȻƺ뵽ʲô롮սʱóһһĶ󡮻óһͭһƷѵ˵ǱǷ
ŷ۵׵ɻ󣬳Ҳͣ٣ֿԳ֮ΪΪ˭ӵһôֻԼıԴ֮ԼѪɣԴҪֻ࣬ȴÿ˶ֻӵһͷԴһƣȻ˭ӵкܶĻҲͲбԴĴˡ
ֻԼñԴ֮;Ѫܴ𣿲ȥɱ˱ˣȻ
ŷɻʵ
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ȥˣҲűϣҲͲڰѶԷɱˣԼõķ
˵ɱ˶ԷãԽĻȴǿԵģҲһأǱƲѣǺܲϲҪһˣ򲻻ġ
һ˵꣬ɱղŮϵĲˮһɤӣЦŹŷ壬ٶ˵ȴЩ֪ʶ
˵ʵҪǹŷΪߣǿþ˵ĻһЩ֪ʶ㹻ˣϸϸһ˵˳һ㡣
Ȿûеȼ֣֮ʲôô
ŷɲΪֻȱԴѣ϶ǻʲôôģȻǸÿֻӵһơ
ԣǾ͸ֳһ˿ĵЦ⣬֪ǻۣ϶ǻ뵽һģֻû뵽Ȼô뵽
ûʲôôǴ˵
һ㲻ᷳЦ˵ȼֻ֡ͨҲƬģ鱦һĸ׶֡
鱦м鱦߼鱦ж鱦ĺмģǱȽϳģһֻҪ໨ʱ䣬ںһȽĽȥͿˡ
߼鱦Ͷ鱦ǿɾͲһ˿ԴóˡҪٰĽҲżߵҪһĽ𲻵κãʣּϡģȴҪ۵ıԴʯЩ޼ܻ֮һ֣пܻѺöꡣ
ˣһӵи߼붥鱦ģΪǱԴ߽ףĳˣԺˣɵСˡ
˵״
ţ֪ˡŷͷʾ֪ˡ
ŷͷҲ㲻ٶ˵ŷǴˣ磬ķִ磬ԼֻҪ˵ɡ
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˵ŻȲŮһ̱ס˵Ĳ˵ȴǻ˻֣һȣȻ˼˵˵˵ľ;ɡ
ʵһ鱦ĹԵ͵һԴʮˣǣȴûûѷɹġ
һ˵ԴʮѾ㹻κεȼʹˣҪǿ似Ϊ
ԣֻҪҪģƳɷ͵ģ;ģ඼Ǵɷ͵ģΪһԴûеƣǾǿմ汾Դ֮ɷĻһյʱʹó洢ˣҲ͵˵ӵһԱ͵Ƕһ
Ҫãȴֹڴˣǣѱ濪һռĻôȥˣͻ˵ȥȻߣʱƣٴθ
⣬Щߣ׷׶ҪѱƳɷ͵ҪԭΪ͵ģ޷ձԴ֮Ҳͬ޷سռ䣡
˵꣬ǿɬһЦȻҪسռ䣬ҪϡĲϣҲҪ鱦ſԡ
ŷһɻ󶼱⿪ˣʦҩǷˣңǳ
ԭԼܹĵȷȷΪҩİ
ŷи̾ţҲţ漴ϲ
˵ƺҪȼѣԼȴһ㹦򣬱ӵһ
˵ҩԼ޷ȫƿأʲôͷųʲôĶУһᱻԼƿصģһ죬Լʵؽϼ¥
ʵҪһ㣬ҩԼ󣬰Լսȥ񲻾˵Լƽ׵ľͶһ𣿣
Խ룬ŷԽ˷ܣڽ;Ҳӳġ
̨ңŷ壬ˣ


251 ѧ似
ˣѾǱԴˣԴıˣûҪʲôģ
Цʵ
գգĵĵֵۣҿṩһЩŶ
ŷЦЦȲ˵ҩ¼жٷԱȵϣ˵ҪԼҲȥĲϡ
ˣʱûд뷨ϾڻرϤ£͵Ƚ˽˽˵ɣ
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ǺǣҾ֪ܾһЦҲٶ˵һֱվ¥ݿڣûнŮ֣תͷ˵Ǿˮ½ز
ʵŮոնʱŷñ̬ѾŵһˬζζϤһƷеȵҩģҩռţȫףþһΪ
˵ҩģȴΪԣֱӷòκθãҲͨҩϺüټζҲرζԵʳԡ
ֻû뵽Ȼˮ½ز
أ磬ʦǰɡ
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һƷеȵҩģԣˮ½ɽϣΪҩõò࣬Աʳԡ
΢ЦĽ͵
ŷ˵ͷҪ˵Ϥ̶ȣôȵӵҩҩʦװģ¶ȵı飬˳ɵӡ
ôǻҰûаɣʵǻҰûУ統УҲֻˮ½Ŷ
Դ˵
ܺúܺá
ŷֻиŵͷ͡
ţҲҺˮ½ҩò󣬷ͱ磬ǿռˣ
ǿɣ˿ɾͲóˣ
һԼģղŮĹƣȻ֮ܲ󣬾ͻȥطڣ㻹ġ
ԣΪǽʱõĺһ
ŷ΢΢һЦҲԼǰĹƣɱ
ʵŷԳɵǱȽģ½Ӧˮ½£֮ѣҲһġ
һں꣬ŷӣһĴָСͳȥζپӵļӹζһڼ̵УԴһζټҩЧζȷ
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˵ҩôõõô˵ҲƷеȵģԣҲãҪõҰ½ȥ¹һţĳǧ
˵ҲжʮţҲ˵һ٣ͳ˽ʮԴң
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һ߳ţһţʱʱĻһյҲʮǢ
֮⣬;Ҳ˲ʳζ֮Ұ½Ҫǿϲ٣ùŷúһ¿ڸ
ٴ㵽ȥһ䣬ҲӦûûбԴɣ
Ա㣬ɱվŹŷЦʵ
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룬ŷԼǰ˼ľ޸óȷУ϶죬ڣ»Ҫ͵á
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ָŵĿתͷŷʵ
ȷܶ࣬ǱԴҲֻһСֶѣ󲿷ֶֻǱڻҰ½ѵһʮȴŲǧ
ŷֻǴԵɨһۣͷﲢûԼģ룬ѡһˣҲֻΪζѣսȻҪó˼޸ġ
Ǳɡ
ŷָһɢɫâĹ˵
߷˺õһˣܸŴһŹʵģ
ԱҲͦ˵˵ţæǰȥȡǱȻƨƨߵ˹˫ţسʵŷǰ
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ԸɴͷųԼ򣬶ʱͷԴ޻ûӦͬһʯһ㣬·ȥʹһ죬ȻѾ˵ϡ
ֻڹŷΪͷԴ޲׼޷ȥ֮ʣͷԴޣȴٴηһ޺𣬾Ȼٴγ˹ŷǰ
ŷʱüͷĿ䣬еĴһΣͷԴ޾Ȼô֪ô
𡭡
ŷĿ⣬ͷԴ޶ʱͼ˼ٿͭһ˫֮Уû֮ǰѪǷǳԵľηԼм
ǻۣ࣬ղɱŷ壬ΪӦŷΪֻʮ׳ڣͷϷɹȥԴ˵ҲһƵΪ
Ҳ룬ͷһĻ־
ǵһΣӵ˿ֲѹ࣬ɽѹµϢأûһ˿֮ɥʧ˷ȥ
ǿȽȻǲʲôģٷΪҪлǸǿ
һ˵Դ޵ƣرʵ͵Դ޵ƣ϶ǻնɱģǰᣬʵȴǿÿֲ࣬ȴǷŹԼΪͷԴޣоһ󲻿˼顣
𡭡
಻˵æֵ͵͵غ˼Ǿ޴Ƥӣ֣Цһ㣬ùŷһȻ
Ա֤⻹ǵһΣԴЦţ
üͷŷɻʵ㻹Ҫʲô
֪ͷԴܹöҲʱûɱ뷨뿴ͷԴٴסԼҪʲô
𡭡
ͷԴ޼ŷ˵˻ҲɢˣͲһ˰ԼĴԴҲתģƺҪŷߡ
ҪҸߣ
ŷһ˹ҲͷԴ޵ΪȤЦЦʵ
ŷĻͷԴ޾æ˵ͷͭУһ˿֮ɫ
У·ɡ
ŷܿóͷϬţûʲô⣬ңˮ½磬ҲͲʲô⣬һͷʹӦ
ϬţԣתӴ׼λãȻĳ˹ȥŷҲͣ٣ȤظǱ߷˹ȥ
ùŷû뵽ǣһɣȴ˺üСʱȻҲΪͷԴٶ̫˵Եʣ룬ĻҪʮӣܵˡ
ٷһСʱңͷԴͣ·ãƺȷʲôһ
ŷҲ˳¿˹ȥӳģɽ֮⣬ûʲô⣬Щɻˣ֪ͷϬţԼطʲôһû羰ûġ
ѵҪٲƲɣ
ŷĵغ뵽
𡭡
ʱͷϬţȷʲôд˷ܣתͷͳŹŷͺ˼޴һ䣬ͽȥ
ŷҲ漴ϣȫעʲô͵ϮѰŲ֮ͬ
ǣһЩССЩС֮⣬ëûһ
䣬һ׶ĸҶľ֮ϣ˿ܣŷ峹ˣԼйеģȻһͷƺҲЩϬţܵͷԴ޶ûеĹطˣ
˵ҴƵطʲô
ŷǰ棬ţѰʲôϬţЦõʵ
һαһͷԴ޸ˣˣָойرġ
𡭡
ֻͷϬţŷĻڻعͷȻ˳صͺһ˿˿ֺ֮⡣
ŷˣҲɴ಻˵ˣѾͷϬţˣôãҲôһˡ
𣡣
ͻȻͷϬţ͵طһϲصͺӴǰɽ屼˹ȥͬһƶСɽ𣬺ֱײֱӲݱĵ棬һ
ŷ̧ͷȥȻǳŶɽײ˹ȥΪɻѵˣԼһԼɱҪ˶ϲɣ
Ȼ뷨Ҳֻ˼ĶѣǰɽƺЩͬ
˵һΧɽ岢ûʲôȫӲݺɹŷǱ̬ĶȴǸжϳӲ棬ƺǿĵģ
ɽ
ŷȤٴαʱͷϬţѾ嵽ǿط
ûʲô죬ҲûʲôղӲкֱײһɳɳ죬˽ȥ
ĳײЩʲôĵȻȫȥһ׸ߵľ޴ɽͳ˹ŷǰ
𡭡
Ϭţɽ󣬾ͣԭأŹŷͺƺٻһ㡣
ŷ΢΢һЦ̧űǱ˹ȥţ棬ѵʲôöڲɣ


256 ðĽ
ɽЩͨɽ޶⿴ǰ͹ƽĶڣ֪ȻγɣΪġ
𡭡
ŷƵ˽ͷϬţ˦˦ĴԴǰ·һ·ȥ
ŷҲϣ˵ʵǵһһͷԴԴôƽദģҲԽԽ棬ҪԼȥȥʲô
濴ɽѾܴˣԽߣȻԽǴ󣬿Ǹ߶ȣʮˣϬţӴ棬Եúǿտ
һߣŷһ߳ţǹͺͺұϣżĸֳ֮⣬ȴûκαĶ
˺һ·֮󣬹ŷȴǸоΧ¶ԽԽˣ¶ȣ¶ӽˡ
Ȼ£˵ůɡ
ôһֱţұڣҲû󣬱ǰĸ߶ȣ¶ȣȴ½ü졣
ŷŹһ£ӸղŽ룬һֱмˣ¶ȣȻѾ½¼ٶȣӽˡ
ڹŷҲԽԽ棬浽ǸʲôҪ֪ô͵¶ȣһЩضĻ֮⣬Ǿֻһܡ
ʲôµģ
˵ǣʲôǣγô͵ĵ£
һ뵽ŷȷţͷϬţΪ˸лԼûɱ֮Ҫֵ͸Լ
֮ûб̻Ƿ֣ҲΪ̫εԭȴ벻Լôһ˵ˡ
浽ǲбŷʵҲܰٷ֮ٿ϶Ͼļʶ̫ˡ
ιϬţ棬ǲбﰡ
ŷ̲סǰŵϬţʵ
ŷ⣬ͷϬţæת˶Դ˵ͷһֳ˳ƤӶŹŷһЦùŷһЦ
˵õϬţĿ϶ˣŷҲû̫⣬ΪǳǰҲʶȻǲжô˷ܵġ
ٶԣһһޱͨһ·ֱߣΧ¶ȣҲڼ½ţֱ󣬾ŷ嶼оЩ
𾪵ķ֣ܵ¶ȣٵǧˣҪһЩ
ʲôȻô͵ĵ£
ŷûʶҲĶ¾Բĺ棬ҲԽԽء
һ·¶ޱƽһȣŷ嶼ʼЩܲס⺮䣬ҪͷųʱȻǰƺʲôðŰ
˵ֲָܰɹŷĿؿǰǰѾ˾ͷھͷұϣиɫĶǰģ
𡭡
ѾͷųֵϬţתͷͶŹŷͺһȻͭ۾ͳǱת˼ת˼˵Ǹˣ
Ǿͷֻм׶ѣŷֻΧұϣǺһ֪¶ȣһңϬţʮڵʣ治õֵס
ңȥȥ
ŷ˵ôһ֮󣬱ͷų¶ȵȷ̫ˣٲͷֵܻܲס
һͷţʹһ˽˲䶳һĵ£ͱ赲⣬ŷоһᣬȷûκ֮󣬱̧żǰȥ
Ȼֻ׶ѣÿǰʮף¶Ⱦͻἱһٶȣһùŷ嶼Ȼ
üһضΣ¾Ƕһʮף˰ɣ
׾룬һӣû취Ҫ¶ȵ͵̫ˣҲòСĽһ㡣
Ȼ֮ģǿϲˡ
Զʮ׵µĶͨ
㲻ãֳҲ˵
ŷһ߾ϲ뵽һ߽ӽš
һᣬҲߵڣ¶ȣֵҲûʲô⡣
ϸ˿Χŷ巢֣ұм͹ƷðŰɫ֮⣬ĵûʲô쳣ô͵¶ȣðĶˣ
Զǰԭɭɭ
⵽ʲôȻð
ѵǱ
ŷüͷ۲ţû׳ȥϾδ⣬£Сһĺá
оϰ죬ҲûоȻֻܿ϶һ㣬⣬ƺһֽ
ңӦÿͷСΪɫֻ¶ȭͷһѣಿ֣Ƕұ
͸ùŷеȻˣֻȭͷһ㣬ɵĵ¾ôֲˣҪŪԼǶñȥ
뵽ŷɫҲɿʼˣǣⶫ;ƲȡˣûŪԼ˽ȥ
ǣ
ŷԥ⣬һǳĶҪôȥôҲġ
һҧһھһԣʵڲУٷǣȥһԾͷҲ̫ˡ
뵽ŷһһ߼ıԴذ׾ͳУһڿնɫǰ֣ذһɫıԵʼھ
ֵǣܶΪðĺ˺һסܵʯȴȫûбĺۼŷҲȥЩȫעһһʲôԣߡ
߼Դķ̶ȣȻԣʯμӲذǰҲͬһ㣬ûһᣬȭͷСĽ͸ڳȭͷĴС
һ¶ŷҲһԼԽ࣬Խء
ȻˣɹŷҲ˿⣬Сһţʱ̷Żʲô䡣
ʵһСʱȥھҲٿԭֻȭͷСĽھȻͷСֻʣһֻǶʯ档
ûгɣŷ䣬һʯҲƬǿͷСĽֱ£ֻžһ죬ǵı㣬Ǳɫҳһڣܵı㣬˶ѿ˺üѷ졣
ŷ˵ۣ벻ܹ¶֮⣬ҲôˣĿȥɵƻ̶ȣ²һ
һҲͨ˵صÿ£Ųһ¶ڹŷ̬˵͸һһ˵һ㣬ȫûѹ
ǣ̫˻Ӱ쵽ʱĸоֻʺϵܷӳǿĹ
ջǱذףŷͻ£ǰȴɲðɭɭɫﾡǺ֮ɫ
˵һֱðźȴûɢκιâȫЩԴõĲһ㣬ԷƯĹ
ŷɲ˶϶ⲻ󣬸似һԽԽҫ۵ĲõģֻͨεģҲʵõġ


257 Ρ޷
˿ð֮⣬ŷ˰죬ҲûƳʲôȻֻоƺ˿ðһĽ֮⣬ƺҲûʲôر֮
ŷҲֻôһѣΪɢĺѾǿֲˡ
Ҫ֪Լڵʣ˵ԿЩԴĽ׵ߣ׵ȴԿԣΪԼõЩҩǿΪһҲǿʡ
ԼԴ׵ʣȴȻֻܷųֵܵɼⶫĺжô¡
ֻǣԼڻ֪ʵ;ˡ
Ϭţ֪֪ʲô⣿
о˰ûоףŷȻתͷϬţЦʵ
ҲֻһʶѣûָϬţܸԼɶʲô;
ȻŷĻϬţҡҡ˶ԴͭһƬã֮ɫ
ŷʱһЦҲٶʣԴ֮˫֣һ㣬Щ˲ͻΪˮҺɫҲȫ¶档
˵ڳˣҲûʲôŷҲǲȥȥñԴ֮ס˫֣Ÿ
һþһɫͱŷɵر׼սҩռ֮ʱȴȻ뵽һ⡣
⣬ôأҩռȥҩǶöɱȥ
ҪãôҲȲҩռҩѽ
ŷ֮УⶫڳˣҪôð
ܾܲһֱɣ
һĪչ֮ʱҩȴͻȻ˳ɢ߲ʹâڹŷǰ
ŷɻԸô˳֮ʣֻĶͺȻ۳һ߲ʹ⻪͵ؾͳԼﱧŵɫǵ߲ʹ⻪㻯һ֣ѽУȻҩԸܽʶ֮Уùŷһһ㶵ġ
ŷͷӦ˹űְ߲еɫϾ¶Ц⣬Ҳ̫ͨˣȻ֪ԼҪսҩռ䣬ܳһֱ֣߲ղĵ⣬ҲȻӭжˡ
ҪҩܸԼͷԼڵԼ¾һ߽ױԴߣܵʲô˺˰ɣ
ȻҲֻǺѣŷɲ뱻ûΣգûˣܹɳ
һɫսҩռ䣬Ȼֵ߲֣һ㶼ûй¶ŷͷĴʯҲ漴
ٶ룬ŷٿն𣬷ɵ˸ղھĵطƣҲû󣬱תͳϬţ˹ȥϣЦ⡣
ӸղҩΪɫͷų߲֣ŷ֪϶ǳģȻܵõҩİ
һ룬ŷ嵱ȻһãȻ֪ǽʵ;ҲνҲòϣȽõϵʱҲȻ֪;
ɵϬţԱߣ֮ǰѪȫͬĺ͹ŷЦЦһ֣һƿҩͳ˵ϡ
ЩǿʵҩڵΪа͵ȡıˡ
ŷָָҩϬţЦ
֪ϬţֻΪ˱ԼĲɱ֮ŴԼģΪ˵õԼı꣬ŷȴֱ˶һߣԱ˺ʮɵˣƿҩ˵治£
Ϭţһŷ⻰ͭо˸ſϲɫ֪ǰǿóĶԲǷƷ˵ԼڵΪаǾһǷǳаģ
޷ܾ
𣡣
Ϭţٴγ˳Ƥӣͷ׼һŷʾлȴѹŷŵü˺üףɲȳˮϴ裡
ˣЩҩͷˣҲˡ
ŷεذ˰֣ʱ䣬Ϭţ鵽ڣѾʮСʱˣҲȥ似ˡ
ЩƿҩϬţôԵõŷȴûһ㵣ģǰƿȥϬţǿθܸˣ
𡭡
ŷ˵ҪˣϬţȻ¶һ˿ҪӦŷĶͷѾһԴ޵ľѪϢĻ޲ȥŷˣ
ʮСʱദףǰǿֺദ࣬ضкô
ϧǣѾԼ
Ǻǣˣ´Եټ
ŷ΢΢һЦϬţ˰֣ڿն𣬻һӰת˲ʧǰ
ϬţŹŷʧӰﾡźģǶԹŷףһ죬Ƶܹ࣬ʶ۷壡
߽˺üСʱ÷ɵģȴǲӣѾ档
̧ͷһ̫ɽŷתͷǱߵľ޷忴ȥϼյͣӳͨͨ죬ͬκʱĽգޱȡ
ŷճյ˻ᣬæ˦˦ͷ˫һ̤棬ԾȻתʧԭء
ɽ仰Ȼŷ忴Ǿ޷ƺ͸òԶʮӣȻûҪ֪ٶȣԻƻҰһȦˣɼжôңԶ
Ǿ޷忴ȴԽԽΡ׳ˣƣƲ㻷ƣͺɽһ㣬λãΰֻûгȺӵɺ׷ˡ
ٴη˽ʮӣŷɽŵ£̧ͷȥӳģ˲Ϳ塣
Ӧһܣŷ巢޷֮ϣĸ߽ԴϢʮԴ޵Ϣв¶ʮŽ۷ǧƺ͸ϿһӦƬɽ߽Դ޵ľۼء
ȻϿԴģȫûκοɱԡ
Ϊ˲ٱţҲûڣŷҲͲԼϢǺ纣ϢһͷųȥЩԭʲôԴޣʱͳ׵ذУٶڵأɪɪ
ŷ̫ǿ̫ǿˣ¾ǳ̻ϣоһϢοЩǿʮ׵СԴޣ
ûȥǣŷٴһԾ𣬾ɽֱ𣬾һ֧ķŶ˷˹ȥ
ŷУŷҲٴαɽΡ޴𺳵ˡ
˺üӣԼƺֻǴڰɽϣɴ˿ɼɽ嵽жôˡ
ͷ¿ȥ֣ᷢЩԭ濴Ҳܸߺΰɽ壬ڿֻͬһ͹Сɽһ㣬޷һȣСݺͲȸ߶һ
ڷɵɽʱŷûиӦκϢˣ˵ЩŽʮԴޣһֻССϢûУüͷѵ滹ʲôŹֲɣ
ȻܸߣҲκﶼûа
ȻŷȻͣסΪƬƬڴ˴Ǹողųֹҩȴٴз˳ڹŷǰתţƺҪϷȥ


258 ľ
ѵǳ˵ɽ
ŷ忴ɽҰ뵽
ֻǣҩΪλԼ˳
ŷΪɣϴҩִ쳣Ϊ쵽ʦˣһΣΪʲô£
Ȼŷ뵽ʲôȻˮ½زɽʦ϶ģô˵δʦµʲôɣ
һ룬ȴ־òܡ
ʲôҲһ̻ϵˣֻΪʦҩŻİɡ
ҩȻϷתţŷ忴˿Χûٷʲô֮󣬱㲻ͣӰһͳֱɹȥ
ҩٶȣŷǲһһƵɽȥ
ٷһθ߶֮ƲȻʧǰһлȻʣգ߷壬ɼ
ŷ˫һ޷嶥֮ʱȴһ㶣ΪһΣȻһ߲ţȴ͸ģȫסȫͿ״
ŷڿԿ϶ˣʦȻΪֵϢɳǸֵϢһģһ
ңҲţڣ̻ϵǾ޷ȥģ˵ˣ¾߽װ˽ױԴߣúÿ֡
Ǭֻ֣ԴʯṩҲǿԺġ
ǣӵҩĹŷ˵ȴͲ⡣
˿Ѿͷųһ߲סԼҩŷЦЦӿٶȣ㳯ֱȥ
ӸղҰûڵ֮󣬹ŷͿһԲεľ޷壬֣һӣвڴɳǸֵĴС
ܵ˵һԲһ߲ʴһ㣬ģΪ졣
ƽŷǰһֻϣվһӵһ㣬ɴ˿ɼ֣жô޴
ٶԥŷһͳ֣ҲȻͬһûκ𶯣һϣֱںһ𣬶Ǹ֣ǵˮһ˿󣬹ŷ壬Ҳȫȫĳ档
һ룬ҩջֹŷϵ֣ȻһתٴԼ˹ŷʶ棬ŷ壬ҲʼϸϸĻ
ɽ岢ûʲôضǸֻݲݣԼҲûкֲܴڣҪﶥ壬Ҫһξ롣
ڹŷҲǳ˺棬֪Ƕ֮ϣʲôȻʦϧķôôһֳ
һңŷɽ֮ϣͲҪϸܰɽһж˽
ûеԴҲûеʲô챦ֻһЩݣԼһľݣľԵһ޴ʯͷٱ
ɽҲԲεģҲر󣬵ҲѾ㹻Ĵм䣬һҩռݲСľݣС
ŷһ֪ľݣʦ
˿ΧҲûŷ̧ľ˹ȥǿ޴ʯԱʱȴעͣ˽Ų
ֻʯľݵķƺǱĳƽƽ棬һϸС壬ϸϸһкüҡ
ԭŷ廹ΪʦµʲôǳؼʲôϸһɾһЦԭȴʦĸһͬдµľԼܡ
ʲôȺɽʲôƮʲô쾧ȵȶм¼ŷ΢΢һЦ벻ʦʦĸ˵ͦ˵ģȻһ·ĵط飬ľﶼͳͳдͺֵͼһ㡣
Щ֮⣬ɽסʱľۣԵҲͳͳ¼ŷҲʦΪʲôҪˣǵС
ֻʦΪҲ϶û뵽ǣȴԶҲˡ
뵽Ӵ˳ߵʦʦĸŷ˫оӳһ˿⣬ЩӺʦʦĸ˵ıжǿһܷŹ
ϸϸذʦ¼¼֮󣬹ŷ΢ЦŶʯͷһתԱߵľݡ
ľݣҲ֪ʲôľͷˣڴ˴˵ҲмǧˣȴȻûκθܵļ󣬰ճĻҳָһ¶ľͷԭģ¡
һӣһ͵˳ȥһ͵ķ磬һӾͰľĻҳȥոµӣ͸ոսɵһ
ƿľţûп֨죬ǳؾͱŷ˿ĳҲһһڹŷǰ
һŴһΡ
Щٱ
ʲôĶûУһжԵúǼԼ
ЩŷҲȫȷʦʦĸһʱ䣬ȥʱʹ˲ڣǾǸ֣Էƻ
˵ûʲôҲûʲôؼŷȴûһʧҩѾʦ͸ԼԼȥʲôأ
ѵʲôҩõ
Ȼûеġ
УҲֻЩǬſԱȵϡ
ľûʲôÿģŷٴ棬ʱʣѾ𽥱䰵
ȻţһǿԴģֻʲôȻᱻ赲⡣
Ȼôߵľ޷嶥ˣ磬ҲûʲôԱ
ЩֻһЧǾǣ濴棬棬ȴǿԿ棬ңһ㶼ᱻ谭ߣ
ŷȻһԾɽԵֶŵǱϦӳԶһͷʣɿХ·죬ڷ趯Уһ󳩿
Դηֿŷرһƴޱ޼ʵ龰𽥺תһָоƺ䣬Լ˽£Լվ߸ߵɽۣ֮
ſţŷȴǲر˫ĿԺ֮һֱصֺƴޱߣµƣأС
Ⲣǽĺǽĳľ統Уʲô磬ŷҲ˵ֻоƺʱĸʮơ
ǲǶڹŷҲûʱȥ룬Ϊֽ֪һβĻֻҪպãʵؽٷһα仯
καǿĻᣬŷ嶼Ȼǲȥʲôһô֮ߣ˫Ŀ΢΢ͷȫĵؿʼ
ľҲȷǿһĶãô˵ҲûһһúãңҲʲôΣգŷܹĴ󵨵İˡ
Ҫ״̬ɿĻض𺳵˵ŷ״̬ȷĺҲʲô֮ʲôġ
ǣЩӸ߼ľ硪
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259 ұ䣡
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һ似ģĺ
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ͬʱ֣Ҳ£ѽ룬ǿľ磺ľ
Уǰ־磬һͨߣһӶѵýһΣܹεģɶż
һıԴߣܹһ֮򣬶ҪϲһʱˣĺľǿĻ
ֶѣοѵľ
˵ͨԴߣЩ֮Ӽߣ½ľģùҲҲֻЩǬߣȫ
ÿһλǬߣһǾŵپʱĥ£ԼĿ飬ŵԵ羴۷߶ȡ
ʱĹŷ壬Ϊ׳ķ羰Уټǿԣڸոսĺֽľ
Ҳһ˵ֻоĵọ́µϴľŻǣڹŷ˵ֻҪһССĸһССĻԵɺϣ
Ⱦԣǳ֮Ϊݺ֮ţ֮ӡ
֪ԣʣȫͬԸߣʾҲߡ
ڵŷ廹۵ʱΪʼ޷ǣǶΪƵԭ򣬲ʹԾͲҩõҩų֮ʣŵ
֮ŷַҩʣҲųԣʣҲ˶ˡ
ʵһͨıԴ棬оʮʺܲģΪֻҪҩ︨ȻȻıᱻų⣬ΪαȲЩţȻޣľ޷ߣǿųٶ࣬Ҳǿ̸
⣬ҲΪʲôڹŷҩ֮ΪǵôԭˣΪԣ
Ծ죬ҩʣ벻һͻƣǶǲܵ飡
ۣŷȫĸƣĲûƽоԼѪҺƺҲȼڡ
ۣ֮һɽС
һֱǹŷ׷Ŀ꣬վ֮۵ĸоѪڣ
ʵûĸ˻᲻ϲָоֻЩˣǰΪηʧܣ־
ŷ壬һ·ǰк赲ǰ·жôҧηյǰС
ҲĽŲΪվȴԲ˳Ͳǰ
ͬϵһöССӣж仺ɲһ
࣬ԽԽ죬ѪҺԽԽڣʱΪЩ
Ⲣ߻ħףľҲΪ֣һ֣Ҳģƽ
ڶ֣㣬ͬľ뺣ӿ
֣һҪöˣ֣Ҳ˵ĸãĸҪ˶졣
ΪԲģǻԵɺϽľҲ򲻵٣ǿģһʱУľǰߵĺü
Ҫܹ٣ҪԽľʱˡ
ʱԽľȻҲ͸ࡣ
ʱɫѾһƬڣһԲʣΧ֮買ǡ
ŷ壬վ޷ۣ֮һƬƺϿǺҫۣȻǱ˫ۣȴܹؿΧһ¡
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ҹٱһ֮ɫŷ𽥳УͺƣԼͬΪеһǣâȺҲۣܲɿԣԼ΢Ĺâȥء
ʱ䣬֮ʱ֪йȥ

ˮ³ǳڣ̻Լأ׷׳ͣ˫۵ɵñţۻضųɣ·𲻸Լղġ
ãá㣬ȷ㲻ڿЦ
һزŽͰͣŵʵ
磬ϣһ㿪Ц𣿣
ɾ;죬˵
ղţֻǰԼȥҰ֪Ĺڹŷһж˳ȴ룬ɵȴǳ̻϶˲͵顣
üһȻһһױԴߣҾȻֻǰһʮױѣ
ضʱ;ǵǵؿųʵãգղû̫ʧɣ
֪ŷʵΪɲˣһ׶͸ΪһױԴߣкεȵǱ
Ǻεȵǿ
٣ԼҲֻЬ
ս£Էһֻ֣ܸɷԼˣ


260 Լ
ͷİɣôСġ
ڴһЦǵһμģģرȤ
ǾͺãǾͺãȻҿɾͳˮ½ǧˣ
𿴳˵˿ţ̻ϣ˿ţİôһߣˮ½ǧˣ
һԴߣˮ½ڵľİν󣬲˵˵ϹǸϲģΪˮ½磬ϧڸ˿裬ɼˮ½磬ٵѹжˡ
Ϲɶܸˮ½ôãǾ͸˵ǱϹ֪ҪǿٱĹŷˡ
ڵĹŷ壬Ϲɣ˵ӮǾԲܵģֻҪٸһʱ䣬ѧϰһǬ似һԴʤϹɲһѶȣ
Ҫ֪̻϶׳ڵΪƹŷʵΪ򣬾켶ϣǻߵҲ˵
ǿԵϹɳһΪˣǻ򣬾ǼϹɼǹŷĶ֣
ΪԽǿ֮ĲҲԽԣ֪ĵ
ҪģǹŷǱĳɾƽŵŵڳ̻Ͽˮ½׬ˣһ׬ˣ
ĳΪףף߽ױԴߺŵڣĸܿܿС絨ˮ½磿
Ҳֵͬȼǣ߽ױԴߣȥںܿܿС
УҲˮ½ļʣСС
ԣ̻ɴӦ˹ŷҪ֮󣬸ûκβΪԼôһ۹ⳤԶŮеԺ
ɣ÷ǳãղҲأôһССʮ׳ڱߣǰôݣԭǣûԼ˷ﰡ
̻ǿ˳һ䣬ԳһЦЦ
̻ϵĻҲЩԳԭǹۿ˵ˡ
ãǸղǴ̣ڵϹģǡ
ͻȻؾǺٺһЦ͸¶һ˿ųɱʵ
ԣһϸһ󽿺죬ʲôжʱһ˿޷ŵɫʣ˵ղţ֮ǰʵǽĺҲҴԾ͡
˵Ҳоһ㣬һ򣬾ͽĺԣǡ
ɵĻһƬѻȸš
̻أԼԴȻˣʲô
ĺ
˵ƺŸս뱾Դڲðɣ
ͽĺ
һƬԺһԼǲΣ
ǲҪˣ˵ġ
ɿЦһǳ˽⸸׺͸ʱĸܣԼڷֹŷĺʱƺǱֵûΪ
һ仰뾪еĳ̻ԼȻ˹ֻһ˾ǲԼͬ͵վϵıҲһģһһĿɿڴ
꣬ɣ˵Ŀģ
̻֪ɾԲϿЦȴ̲סٴȷԼǲˣҪǣϢøмʶһѣΡ
ãȷղŲڿЦ
ҲǵŸţۣŸʵ
ǧȷ
Ҳ룬ͷ϶
̻˵ˣĿͣתͷ࿴һۺ󣬶ӶԷ֮ɫ
һ꣬뵽˱ԴߣҲͰˡ
˱ԴڣǵΪ͸Ҳܽܡ
ǣŸͻƵԴڣͽĺ
⣬⻹𣿣
⻹ƫԳֵ
ѵĳߴ磬ĳĳλܵĴ˲ɣ
ȻһҪʲôûʲôƫôֻߴŻֵţ
ʵֻҪԲģһ㶼ǿԽĺģⲢûʲôϡĵط
ǣΪոͻƵԴڣͽĺĻôͲֹԲ˵ˡ
ΪԲĺߣǾθӦν룬϶似ԽԽ̵˽⣬ԼԵɺϣŵԽġ
ŷƺǵһθӦɣ
ңʱҲӦûʲôԵɺϰɣ
ּ̻Ϻͳطǳ϶ŷԣżģ
Ҫܹˮ½磬ǿɾ̫ˡ
̻Ǽ뵽
ԴԳһ̾Ҫ˨סԼˮ½磬ƾʲô
ְ֣һ⡣
ɴ˳̻Լصĸ˼Щǵ˵ʱ˵˵ˮ½һʱ䣬ȴû˵Ҫã¡
̻ԣ֪ڵʲôˣ˵ͷüƬ̣Ǳˮ½ôݵģԣΨһģǾһпùϵ
ңڣҲȱԴߵʱһʵıԴ߼룬Ϊˮ½ܶѹ
˵̻ͬʱһǣղŶڹŷʵ𺳣ҲΪЩǣȥ
ְ֣һûʣôôͻѵû̸𣿡
ɼæʵ
ߣǸϻ쵰̫֪ôˣǸôı꣬ȻܾˣΪˮ½缴󻼣ʹɨ׺ӽˣ
һ𣬳̻Ͼһŭ壬ȴôҲڸǲסĵ֮ɫ
ʲôⶼܾˣǻҪʲô
ĵǾ벻⣬Ȼûϵ
Σ̻ϵûм˵ˣΪɸղһ仰ĵ׵ŭ𳹵׽Ϩ
һ˿
ֻܳһ˵ȴǵ˳̻ϡ
԰ŵôı꣬׺ӽĽȴ붼û;ܾˣΪΣ
ҪʲôŻ⣿
ֻһ
Ǿǣֱӹˮ½磡
Ȼ԰׺ӽֻԴһߵ״ôҲҹˮ½ģôͱضڼƻҪռˮ½ıνˣȹˮ½磬õĶȷǱ̻ŵı˺ü
νıԴͱˮ½ĶһټҰĲ̰İ׺ӽ磬ˮ½״Ӳֹۣ
һ˴Σ̻Ͼ͸оðһ亹һƬҪˮ½磬Ǿĵ˽ˣ
ǺãδأҪȥ粻ɣ
Ȳ˵ˮ½ЩĹϵͲô˵Щ磬ûһῴˮ½ģοԼǵ㱨ꣿ
ǿɲΪԼ㱨꣬ðԼıԴ˵Σˮ½磡
ԣһУֻܿԼˣ
ǡ
Լ
̻˿ɬԭΪͻȻ˹ŷԴ߶ϲ飬Ҳ˲仯Ϊ޾ǳ


261 ҹҵ˼
һҹĶš
뷱ǣȥΣ޵Ľ򻺻¶Ķͷӳ·͸͸ģޱȡ
ھ޷ۣ֮ŷȴȻǸֶ΢ͷ˫ۣһ
һҹȥɻǴľС
ʵ˱Դ֮󣬲һ־磬ٶȶŷôһҹҲû͸ٶ
ˣڵľҲѾһңֻҪﵽ׼ܹˮɵĵһΪ
ֻһԿԣһǱ治Ĵʡ
ĺ֮ԱΪĺΪ־磬ͬ似ĺһ㣬Գ֮Ϊĺ
ľĸоЩͬŷֻоԼޱ޼ʵ죬ƺжľж
ȻڵľΪ޷Ŀȡ࣬ҲֻңԼͷһƬ졣
˵Ŀǰкܳܳһ·Ҫߡ
⣬ҲǱΪġԭ
ǸľŷͲö֪ˣȥʱˣҲʲʲôΪ־ˣ֮٣һǾ֣˭й߱Լľʱĸܣ
Ҫ˽⣬ֻԼȥһˡ
ʱţŷѾȫȴʱ䣬ȴʱһУУֻʣƬء
ճ䣬ǣԲ£һ֡
͵Ϊ֮ʣŷ˫ۣ˫۵һɲǣһͻȻǣкȻһ׵硣
ת˫ֻعƽֻǣ֮ǰҪΪ䡣
ͬ񷡣
벻򣬾ҵľƽױԴˣ
ŷ峤һϲ֮ɫչ¶
һľֱƶױԴҲ˵ҩ︨Ϊڼ̵ʱڣͻƵһĩڣ
һβĴջڻŷ嶼оλá
Ҫ֪ǰЩ죬ͻƵԴߵİ
䲻ϵͻƣҲˣ
Ҫ˵ȥ£ֹǳɵˣЩױԴߣҪ
ӣվ˲죬ȴûиоκһƣҲûиоһ㼢رǾ״̬ǱҪϺü
ʱԶԶĶƺٴ¶˰ͷŷ΢Цؿţһ泩
ڣԽԽϲˣﲻԸصĹ쳣似Ҳ°빦Ч
ֻողŽǸ֪ľ磬ŷҲȥĺˣϾҪúȥӦһľϢһʱ֮ȥ似ĻҲܸ״̬һ㡣
һŷҲݣֱӾͶһ֣װ峺ˮҺľͰƾճǰһƿҩҺһƿҩͳС
ڹŷ˵õϢǰľͰһ߰ݵҩԡһ߾Ʒ裬ķ羰ãȻõϢԸء
ѵҩ̽ְѼƿҩҺҪǮľͰﵹȥȻѵϵһԾľͰ
ʱҩҺͬˮҺѹŷУˬˬ
һᣬŷһ֣һڵͳУ󣬾ľͰҩԡŲˮųһʱãͬңɣòڡ
ıǣҪʱӦľıҲͬˡ
ǣҪӦͻȻ壬ҪõʱȥӦһܹȫȫľȥ
ʵǹŷڵѾ߼˵Ļһĺ򣬾һ̨ףĺֻǴľǣǿȡ
ȻȻѾ߼޷ˣŷȴоԼƺ֮ǰҪӰԵӳһ㣬ҲһûжôԣƾеսУôһ㣬ͬһѹյĵݣȫѹԷһͷ
ԣŷǵûиеϧһϲҪǽԼÿһĺǿôĻһ죬ͻƵҲ˵
Ҳе˶ΪǿֻеĶѣΪû˭ͻƹѣûͻƹûС
ˣŷǳȷţ漣ģǣţ޷Ȼһнпܡ
죬ŷһֱûκ飬ûȥĺҲûȥӦľ֮⣬ҩԡԵҩżҲҹ貣¹֮ʣóǿΪһġǵļһԶ
ԵȷǺˣҲҪϺü£ǺüӦľŷȴֻ˲ѣȫӦ˹
Ҳ˵ڵֻҪʵΪʱͻƣ
Ȼʣҩ︨ҲҪһһĻ۲УŷԤûʲôĥ£ôһֱĻȥĻ磬ҲҪµʱ䣬ܵһڡ
ˣ٣ҲһٶǸܸܵģ
ʱҹҹȴСֵ꣬ĵֵ㣬˿䲻ŷϡ
ŷ壬ϥɽ±ϣ˫ۣŽĺ
һΣŷȴûԸټʮΣûһĺĸоգòʱĺҪܽġ
Ȼ벻ˣŷҲȥǿ£ֻ˳ȻԽǿԽǲ⡣Ҳڲ֮䣬Լ
ԹŷɴʲôҲˣ̧֣ȥֳ֮ʱǿ׵˿ͱŷС
Ȼҩռڣŷȴ˿ŽȥֻźãŷŸܸεĴڡ
ḧ˳˿˿һŷһ˿˿飬΢΢˼һƮԶڻҰ½ϡ
Ҳ֪⼸ô
ŷɫһ󷢴̶ֻ̼նѣȴȹ˺ü꣬ӦˡꡯǾ仰
¡
ͻȻһըף󣬱žһ꣬ϣ˺У֮У߲ʹâתۼ
һȴֻܶ͡
΢΢һЦŷҲǶƸ֮ˣת˲͵״̬˿·Ž˻󣬱ֱ˫ۣʼеıԴ֮
ľƽȻǿ˵ģңҲûнĺ״̬ʱ䣬ˡ
˼ֻзһߣΪ֪˼ЩʱҲܸİΪȥˣҲȻܸػع飬ˡ


262 ɥ
ⳡ꣬ҹ죬ŷҲǧνĺһ⣬ȫʧܸա
ŷȴҲû٣βУ´ΣҲûָÿζܽ룬Ҳ̫ʵˡ
꣬ͣЪŷϥٴγ
Ϊйһνĺľ˵ǴξǶݣŷҲѾνˣԣԽĻҪȱ˸һ㡣
žŷգ۱뵽״̬֮УԺ㿪ʼԼѧĸ似
츫似ʽһڹŷԺطţԼԼԺʩչһ㣬ԵΪʵ
ſŷ彥ظолطŵ似ʼĻϣ󣬹ŷһθӦ似ĸо
꣬ҲѾͣ£ڵ̫Ҳɢ⣬մأ嶥ů͵ǡ
ȻٴԸĺŷȴûһ㲨ʼձƽģΪ־£һκһ˳Բܵκδ
ĺĹŷ壬ʱĸоǣԼΧȫָââΧɢֲϳ֣ظ
ŷȫעעЩе룬ÿĵͳͳһ飬ֻǿԶٵġ
ǴӡʼˣΪǰǴĺġȵȫһ֮󣬲ŻῪʼ츫Ĺˡ
ľһĪ⣬ܶ츫һ룬죬ټϹٶǡ츫һңҲþͲ١
ֻΪŷ岻ôϲüϲǣֽսѪԵҰ
ˣŷҲ׼ѡʹ˶ңﻹһ뷨ֻǲ֪ܲʵ֡
ĸ򣬳ȴûõĻУֻĲ֣Ҳǹٶȡ
似򣬱ľȴҪʱ䣬һЩԲõģĺ֮ͨŷôϸ£඼ǴԵһ飬ʹ似ܹˡ
һϰ似Ȼ̫Եǣ˵ҲΪʲôôȥѡѧֳɵ似Լȥԭˡ
ŷĹ䣬ûм
ΪÿһʽҪϸϸƷζһȷǲǹͽãһһʽҪϺһСʱҲС
һҪѡʽȫһ飬ҲҪʱ䡣
ڹŷĲ࣬ʱ࣬㣬һָоƺֻҪԼ˳ĺͲԸʧ
ҲҪǴҲŵģŷȴʵʵָоҲ֪ӦԼԱȽϺõԭˡ
ĺɽһּȥŷ似ƷζŸʽȫûȥںʱı任

ڡ
ɣûл𣿡
̻ϽüͷɫЩ
Դ֪ŷΪһģǳ¹ŷʹ뿪ˮ½Σ֮ʣһԴߣˮ½ĵӽӳء
ŷ뿪Ѿʮˡ
Ҫ֪ٶȣˮ½ȻҰϺüʮʱ䣬Ҳˮ½缸ʮȦˣǿ羰ʱ䣬ҲӦûô찡
ûлְͷİɣ缶͹ĻЩ˭ûù
ɵûʲôĵģΪֱŷ壬ԲԶ֮ˣ
ȥĳطȥ˰ɡ
ɵĻ̻Ҳһ㣬룬Ҳֻˡ
ɲţһүǣʲôйȥʲô羰϶ȥȥˣ
ɣϹɣʱƺûҹˣ
룬̻ϺȻֵ
ߣ
һϹɣɾ̲סһĵϣ֮ɫ
ίˡ
̻һ㣬Ͳε˵
ְ֣㲻ھΣҶ֪ġ
һ̾ø׵ѴδֹҪ־ֻܹ֣һֱˮ½죬Ϊˮ½緢һһʱԴıνɣ
ҪǱνףףҲϹˡ
ˣְ֣νǱߡ
ⶼʮˣɲ¶ܹµǱ߱ض˴⼸죬׿ʼܲ³һЩ
˵ͷ̻ûɫصصǵ˴ϢǱѾ׼ϣҡҰ׺ӽˣҲʼνϣ룬⼸죬Ǿͻṥˮ½ˣ
ǵǣȴռһûҪڱ˿ɵӵΪǵļңǵĸ
⼸𣿡
΢΢һ̾Ȼνܾܿ⼸ṥȴûҪȥѰҹŷ壬Ϊ֪ŷĳһεĵطĻǿ϶޷ҵĵġ
ߣģǸӾ͸Ҹɣ
һֱû˵ĳأǺϾһݣѾ¾Ƿ½ΪҩҪˮ½磡벽
̻ҲһɫȴҪȳسȵö࣬û˵ʲôݻֻﲻֵĺͿԿ뷨һģ
֣ҪҪڵϹСӣ
룬תͷʵ
ôϹƲվʽҲϹɵãɺӡ
ҲӦô⼸ĶЩʲô˰ɡ
̻ϵ룬ǾЩףطԸһЩ飬Ҳһͬйɡ
صͷʵϹãʵãݡ
֮ǰ˵Ϲ֮ԻᱻϹҸϳΪȻԼ׽㣬Ҫǿаռñĸ׸ײˣһ֮£Ǳһ٣Ȼ˳
⣬ҲΪγسɼ˶ԭԼ㶼ϴǿռУ⻹
ˣϹɵĸҲϹұʵҲǿŮˣϹȴǳ谮мӣòУϹΪȻû̫֣ҪΪȶϹ˵ģͬϹɵĸװϳȥ
ʵҪ˵Ϲɻ竣˼ɣȫΪǸĸԭ򣬶̫ݡ
ԣֻҪϹɻȥúõϸĸĳݣȫٻϹңֻǣȴԼȥѳŪ֣ĸʣ
ʵҪ֪ɵԸֻҪһǿаռ뷨϶ӵĻϹɿͻϹңȻȨˣɥ֮£öȥˣ
ˣ̻֮Իѡڸ˿ߣȫΪϹɵݣֻҪúãǸνٴĵӣҲ϶̫ġ


263 뷨
뷨ǺõģؼǣҪȥúõأ
Ϲֲɵʱһãضῴ
ҪǣԼϹɶôԸӣ룬һϹүôܻĸԸȥһױԴߵ
ⲻǿЦ
ҪǴȥϹɲôϹҵˣˮ½硣
ܿܿСȫǶϹҵһ裡
ǾԲڻ
ҲֻгɵĻŻһ̻ǵģͲᡣ
һҪϼѡ

֮ϣŷȻϥƶֺٿϣȴһЩҳ
ʱǴĺУûиоʱŵжô죬ĸоǣŹ˼Сʱѡ
⡮Сʱĳɾͣȴľһ󼤶
ΪѡԼ츫ȫһ飬ֻĲ֣ʹ֮ǰǿ˼༫࣬ղһԼǸ뷨ûʧȻ
ڽĺǰ죬һֱĥţȻ似ǿģô֪似似֮䣬ɲںϣ
һսһԶսҲ߶һȥɹŷȴǣΪ죿Ͱ࣬ǲǴ죬ֻȱû߹·ǲŽ죡
ڸղţ似ȫ֮󣬹ŷͿʼ
似ľǣԵͣԼ
似ľǣ죬꣬Լٶȡ
ֲȻͬƣճ˵ǲںһģң븫ںˣָʹã
Զ̣ǽ
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ŷ壬ȴ뷨
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һ㣬ŷ巢֣Ǹ似Ǽ似֮󣬷ֱǾžŰʮһУʽȫɢȥֻУ׼ʽںϡ
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ٶ룬ѹļΣŷþâţһһ㣬ΪСġ
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ȻҲֻǻûʲôѣڻҪһʮױߣ˵ҲҪһʱ䡣
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264 Ȼûпˣ
ŷ忴ͷȵĽ¶һ˿ΣĺǲһĲ
Ҳû̫ɥһΣ似ڻͨ˹һԼһںϵŵ
ââһǸΣһǼΣôڿںϡ
ʮε飬ŷҲһ˿ߡ
֮ǰţǼ⣬һֱΪҪʽںϣֻâںһ㣬ô飬ȻѣֽȻͬâͷź϶޷һģȻˣΪʲôʩչ֮ǰںһͷأ
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ңôˣٲȥҳɵĻ¶ΪԼǲˡ
ЦЦٶ룬Ҳȥʲôŷһ˱裬ľƽ֮󣬱ٴϥʼЩ似
似ûںϣŷȴܹٷ֮ٵĶ϶ڵġ츫͡Զ˳˵ǬǬȣеȣŷȴǲ֪ˡ
Ͼڵļʶʵ޷ֱ

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ΣǳɣʼЩ겻
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һ˵˽ĺľľ磬ܻȴʱ֮⣬ͨһ㶼ʱģǿɲţŷǰʱŸոսĺЩֽһΣˣǲŻȥ£ŷǲ治ˡ
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ңҪǣ˹ŷһԴߣܻ𵽴ãҲΪʲôתԵת䡣
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жʱһǺ¹ŷǸղŵ̸ȫȥˣΪŷǾȻǣһӦûУ
˵˯֮󣬹ŷҪȥɱǵĻӦУ˯бɱ
һ뵽ԣǾֹסһð亹Գȵĳ̻ϣ֡
ŷ壡
һϲĺУȻҲͬŷ֣һ亹ģԼȻûпˣȻԶţС֮ˣ
ǺǣЩһֱڸɽˮЩʱ䡣
ŷ΢ЦŽ͵
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Ҳ̫˼ˣȴףԼȻǶ׳ڱԴΪֻҪһǱԼǿһĩڱԴߣ˵ŰԼˡ
ϣ֪ж٣ԽɱԼΪǿߵӴڡ
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˵˵ֻ˵켶ģܻɱԼˡ
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ʱ̲Թŷ̻ϳˣ˻ҲǲɰĿת˹ŷ壬У֮ɫ
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265 ɵľ
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ΣҪˮ½ЩԼǰɳһʱԴʯĻν磬þͻˮ½Ȥ
ȻҲֻܿܿС磬ǿʱߴ֮ϣͲˡ
͸Ұ½Щһ㣬ҪǹŷֺһϵеĶ£ڻߴľ档
һͷǵͷˣֻҪͷȥʲô£ʲôѣٳͺػ߲һ˼
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ҲˣЩΪǿߣǺü磬ʮʮĽľ棬ʱ̻ϵ뷨Ҳŷ嵱ˮ½ĽˮŵһԼȨƹܣֻҪÿϹŷ嶫ɡ
ڸˮ½֮ʱɱѽ֮¸˹ŷ壬ԹŷҲԴ˽⣬
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룬ҲûһڻؾԥƬ̣ٿǿǰɣңΪҲһ׳ڣȽΪǿһ˵ɡ
̻˱ŷüΪһھܾģΪǶ֪ŷǱģһ֮߰ôܻῴˮ½ôһСط
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ڿŷղ¶֪һֺôܻȥɹŷ彫ĳɾͣ
ҲΪȷߣֻҪ뵽ΪôһΪߣǶˮ½ĺô޷
Ϊ˭ֻҪ˽һ㶼ȥжεģ½ΪٸߣҲײ
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ƽʱӵģɱ֡
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⻰óɸΪˣһԼôˣôǰǻһĪߣһҧгأ
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Ҳʲôһֻһ룬ǻвԼ׹Լأôܷȥ
ˣסɡ
ŹŷһԺǰָͷ˵
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266 ˣ
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ŷ嵹ҲûжԣҲȥţΪĸӦУԷһҲһױԴߣһڱԴ߶ѣҴĲӦŷܿ϶ǵۺʵûжǿ
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267 ׹Ϲ
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ʱһԶŷ̧һ˵ڱԴߡ
˵Ĳ̻ϸߴ󣬴ֻһңҲûôȴǺúܣһַǳĸо
ŷȴĴӶԷһ˿ĵ֮ɫ
ŷһüúЩԾʼҲֻǴԵظӦһ¶ԷΪڣſʼϸϸظӦ
ԷΪȷֻжûΪأ
˵ĿǰľƣԼĻǷȷǿԻʤǣˮ½ҲǳصģҪҲþͻֵ˶ٺãռˣҲضʧһ
ѵʲôƣ
ŷһˣԽúпܣȻϿʲôߣӦþǳˡ
ٴϸϸİߵһ飬ŷüͷԽԽƺ͸ղӦģҲûʲôر֮
ŷ壬ôˣ㷢ʲô
Ȼ۾ǿŶԷģʵȴһֱעŹŷһһŷüͷԼɻ飬ʹЩɻ
ŷҲΪԼҲǶˣҡͷ˵û£ȴԼоƺһĿ⣬עԼ
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ŷȻ̧ͷԼһȻҲû뵽˵ĸйٻ񣬲ҲûбĶŹŷѺõЦһЦͺһƵһ㡣
ߵϢŷȲž͸ӦˣԼһֻʮ׳ڱΪѣڣôҲŶԷΪֻôһˡ
벻Ÿˮ½ûãһΪԼҲ͸ﰡ
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ԷԼ¶ѺõЦ⣬ŷҲŸͬ¶Ц˶ӶԷ۵ףһ˿ȡ
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ŷҲûѻ˵̫͸ΪԸҲ֪ʲôΪܿ϶ƲױԴ
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һԵϹڿŷĻ󣬲ģ̲סˣЦһǱĵسЦ
⻰һԼɵɫ˵ʲôŷǵȻʵȴ
ƨһҹǿգ
ŷƳϹһۣ˵
ȻϹͬϰڣŷȴҲͦϲӬԼǰȥģʵӰ飬ٸҶԣŷ岻Զ˿ڡ
ӳس̻ϵ˶ԴϹɵ̬ŷ֪ԷݿܲЩкθɣ
쵰
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ͺɱ˹ŷģֻǰڳڴˣҲڳǰԴСӡ󣬵ڣŭȴǳš
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Ϲһαװ˺ƣ¶䱾ԡ
֪Լƾʵ׷ɣѾǲܵˣңҲǳ߳ɳؾȻһˣҲܲˡ
ԼЩˮ½սôΣھȻң
Ϲֵܣ侲Σ
üȻƲϹɣǣԷݣȴò˹˼ɣңϹɸˣˮ½һԴˣ
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ϹͷŭڣģԼһҪҸϹңȻٴˮ½磡
رǸƫһҪ
ڳɣ˵϶ԼģԳ̻Լصвأ
Ϲݵز߻ϹүҪõĶеòģ


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ɼˣȻǲ֪Ϲ뷨ŷ壬ҲֻüϹɵĸоϣЩԾ
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ŷЦЦҲͬҪ룬û
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زǹŷо˲Ծغͳɶסˣǿ֪Ϲɵжжôġ
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ɻؿŽһȥϹɣǲ⡣
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ʱҲûʱȥϸ룬׷׿˳УһУⳡսȥ˵
˹ŷڣ̻ϵ˵࣬û˶ٸǽһĻȴһݣУҲһĨأǾ֮ɫ
ǱߣҰֱ̻ԲĻȴûһεǺٺһЦƶ⡣
󲻴̻˵ת˾ȵĿУŷ巢Ծ߹һ񣬹ˡ
Ļǳ̻ߵסˣ׺ӽ껶סˣνʲôʱ˸
ŷоһȻûв´ߣȷǸղԼԤеԴͷ
ҺҸˣȻοҪԴ
߹һЦҲأһţ˽ɫޱ䣬Ȼǣ׳ڱԴߣ
ױԴܿܿС磬ѾǼΪ˲õˣҲֻĽױԴܿܿС磬ѹһͷ
ߵĻҰȴ㶣˵⻰ʲô˼ûҲԴ
ҪΪüϰ׺ӽ磬ռһˮ½绹Ǻģ⻰ѵˮ½ǱҲʲôƲɣ
̧ͷ˿棬˴ӶԷ˵￴֮⣬ƺûʲô쳣ѵǻиΪԼҲ͸ߴڣ
ף
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Ҳ𾪣漴һĿЦ˵֮ǰ˹ŷĴڣǻһսʤĵĻȴȫûһϣ
ߣ˵ѾǸ߲ʵĴˣһˣԺɨˮ½磬ټҰ껵ЩԴߣˮ½ĻƺѾԶ
ţŷ壬㣬Ӱɣˮ½磬Ѿûϣˡ
֪ΪΣɵһʱģεֿҲҪҪܣ뵽˹ŷ壬Ϊˮ½飬ѹŷҲС
ذܵľ棬ŷ弴ǿҲǻ
ɵĻŷסˣ˵֮ǰ뷨ֻʵԼŵԵĻôڣȴ¶˾ģˮ½磬Լˣ
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ɼŷģΪҲˣ䣬ɫǳض
ŷʱЦɣԼѣȻҲ⼱ȱԴߵĹͷҪԼߡ
ŷȻЦóɾһߣԲĵĵۣҧгݵصôûҵĻûиڵľƣ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷ˵ˣԷͶһױԴ
ŷ⻰ֱǱҭ˵ˣһۣΪŷ岻֪ױԴߵжô£ҲΪŷԼʵͿԵֿױԴˣѹº޲ҧһڵ뷨ݺݵ˵֪ʵǿױԴߵǿȴģҲʣǱܸߣΪ࣬ҲЩԲ˵ģ
ŷ岻ΪȻص˵ͷȻ֪ЩСʱ̵أ
Խս漣ļҳ㷹
Ϊߵһ̿ʼľԽľǰѲܻΪܣο統УһױԴɱױԴӣкܶࡣ
Ȼ˿õҹŷ壬һԣ
أǳױŷˣ˵ɣֲ񣬿ǳȵȻģǿ
ǲôѶԷ
ȷ統УвԽɱ˵ӴڣЩʲôˣ
һǾеĳţңĵƣ˵߼߼似ȵȣǾʤĹؼ
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ôȡʤ
С죬˵ŷǰ˰֣ȻôͲݣѣҲῴŲܡ
ԣƬ̣Ȼû뵽ŷȻ˵ôسŵô壬ǡ
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æסԼɲôǰᣬҲ̫ˡֻǣٿŷĿ⣬ƺˡ
ŷ˵ͷҲûж룬ȻУתͷöϹݵĿ⣬Լȥ֮ʱݵĿת˲ţ¶һ˿ƵЦԽŷԽо裬ȻϹͬϣʱЩߣϵ棬ӣڻҰ½кܶࡣ
ϣǶߵĶ߰ɣŷʱҲû˼ȥֻҪⳡ粨һŷضģղݵĿ⣬ùŷǲ
ңýֺͷ룬ܲµϹɵݱضŷȻڵģȥĸ磬ӴҲκβԼǣڹŷȻҪסˮ½ˣôǱôҪȥġ
Ϲȴǲ֪Լղŵ񣬾ùŷԼ̣֪ˣҲֻ֮ԱǣΪѾ⣬»ս֮ʣһߣصϹңȻ󣬱ƫСĩˣ
гأг̻ϣˮ½ˣһ
ͨ˳̻ϵһֱĴôҲƲסԼŭˣ߹ϹүȻһܿܿС˸ˣת˵ܴ裡ˮ½ͳͳɱ⣬ܽͷ֮ޣ
гǸɧ꣬㱧ϴݺݵĴݲ㣬ҾͲϹɣ
Ϲ񶾵ţϵЦ⣬ȴԽԽŨ
ƺѾԼ³л̻ϵʹģǸСԼݺݵزڽµģˣ
񶾵ЩʱǸννΪߣȴٴοˡ


269 ţ
ҰɣԭǶսûʲôȤģȴû뵽ˮ½磬Ȼڣ
ߴʱҲûȲŵͺʹ飬ʱȺǰ裬ͦñֱǵ˫ۣþƺܿ͸ɣ
νǱߵˣȻǶͻȻ˵⻰Ǻ⣬Եػ࿴ǳ̻ϳصһǶ뵽ˣ˵˭
ôСѣ㻹Ҫصʱ
Ŀתŷ壬˭Ҳףľ⣬Ǻãǻ
ŷ΢΢һЦ֪ߵΪѹû˵ʱȴоԼﻬһֻỬϸС֣߬סԼСУǺˮ
ŷתͷһЦųŨŨĵ֮ɫ͸оһů۵С֣Ҳû˵عͷһΣͬ˲һ㣬ͳˮ½ⷽȺǰ档
ǺǣǰΪȻСʵý
ŷ帺ڰգ˿ûΪԷΪеһη壬ɫȻͬ޲žľΪ߶Ϊ֮̾
СѵǱҲҵɷ
Ȼһ۱ܿŷʵ䣬ȴԽԽ𾪣ᣬΪԼ͸ǱǾˡ
𾪹𾪣ȴûһɵΪŷҲֻǿѣۺʵҲֻ൱ڶĩڱԴѡ
Լ㣬Ҳܸɵˡ
Ҳ룬Ҫǹŷ̫ˣһ궼ûУΪʵѾǾ֮ʣսʤԼ൱ߴ磬Ϥĳ
ܿܿС磬ôܻţȫ췽ҹ̷
ߵĻŷȴҲֻЦЦܸоʱߣûɱ⣬ȻҲɱȥܹͽ⣬Ȼõˡ
ïαν֪Сѹգ
ïҲߣ֪˹ŷǱҲûһ뷨ܹԼµȻõˣǾͲܹԼĺˣ
ҲûŷǱ᲻ĳӵܣһ룬־òܣǵĸţôܻСطǿһ裡
Щ˵ܿܿС£ǿ磬ͬƽһο϶ǲмġ
ңŷϵţһ㱾ԴûУ֪ͨ·ôôĳӵܡ
뵽Ҳƶ뷨ֻĺɵˣ
ïĻǳ̻ߵ˴סˣҰǱߵҲһ󷢴ôҲֲףһױԴߣΪλһΪʮױС˿ԣ
һïǰĻʱ뵽ʲôĿ⾡ԺȻؿͬһŲɰ׿ȻĹŷ壬ѵ˵⣬ⲻʵΪ
ԽԽǾôһ£رҰţҺǰڣڳɹ뵽ï˱νĽȻֻԼǰ˭ʤ˭ϣ
Ϊ͸Ǻۺʵ似ǿܲ򣬿¾ѹԼ˵ʵ½һصˣϳ̻ϵȼԴߣǾʤҲʣ¼ˣ
ۺʵǿҲǿïɣï˿
ڳ֮ˣȫǻ˲֪Ϻˣֻ΢һĥͲµïеĴ㣬̻ϵҲͬˣǣȴоһ֮ɫ
ŷ屻ĻȻҲȥһɱǻ𣬿ǣĻǵڰˮ½繰ˣֱӱռʲô
Ψһ𣬾Լ˲ȥ˰ɣǣңضԼˡ
˰ˣǿ࿹ΣյĽҪռԼˣҲȥȻˣֺαطŲأ
٣ԼĻҲҪ磬ֻ࣬û˶ˮ½ĿȨһУɢѡ
ǶѾ˳׼֮ʱȴ룬ŷһ仰Ƕԭء
Ǻǣ֪˼ȴûмκĴ㣬Ҳûгκ˵뷨
ŷһ۾Ϳï뷨ǣҪ
Ǻͬķ޿ܣ
ͷɶϣѪжͷ­ɵͣ
ǹŷԭҲΪʵܲԸվȥҲȫ˭ȥˣ
Ϊ֪ïҪԼֲԼΪǹ죬֮󷴹ɱ˵ĻôֻһˣԼȥԣȥūֻܹͣʹԼ
ūͣ
ŷһЦ
Ŷмֹ
ï˿ûȥںԼ뷨ŷ˳Ϊζضǰ֪꣬ĵôĿ
ŷ⻰һΧ͵һһЦȻıǱνǷˮ½ߣΪŷѡ
ڣǶ֪ŷΪֵֹЩҲ϶ŷۺʵǿ϶вïģ˹ŷȷïԣмֹ
һԵϹɣŷ˵Ǿֳһ˿ĺͲмһֻԼȲïһ˿ɱġ
ٿŷվĳɣʱоĪɣĿճյؿվԼǰ棬ͬ˰ֱͦױԴҲη壬һȻЦĹŷ壬һδе
ԭй˰
ְȴǲʹ˷Уһֶصøˡ
ŷȺЦͱģЩˣֻһȺС϶ѣּȻǲʹʲô
ղԼ˵Ǿ仰ïԼһ˿ɱ⣬ŷҲ׽ˣһսǱⲻ˵ˡ
ǲǾûͽĿܣ
ŷͲϲϻˣǸɴֱ˵ʵ
Ȳţ˵ЩϻҲֻţܹƽͺƽԲԸѿġ
Ȼӣ֪һսĻֱˣ˷ѿˮʱ䣬ʹʹĸһˬ죡
仰Ҳǹŷʵһ仰һïҡͷԥسǰȥԼǣҪôˣҪôȫ
˶Ϊŷ廹ϻƪ˵һѿ׵ģȴȻ˵ôֱӣǰǸһһ㶵ġ
ֵïЩˣȻܹóֻҪԼҡͷŷˣǣԼױԴ߰
ţ
ѵ˵ΪԼûҪ߲ɣ
ⲻܰΪأȴ޷صģһ꣬ôеֿԼʵ
üͷ˼룬Ҳ׹ŷôôţɴҲȥˣǲȥţŷʵǰǿġ
ȫͲ߼


270 
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Ȼ϶ŷʵԲԼǿïҲûʲôõĵˣȻһЦͷ˵
ŷʱһЦ˵ͷϵЦݺһ䣬Ȼ֮ʣһ˲һ㣬˲ͬûзӦï
ȥ˲䣬ƣΪأȫſһӾͰѶԷȺȫУ£ΧıԴ֮ȫ۶ûó׼ͽһԼʵ
ͻȻһĻ˶ӦȵǷӦ֮ʱŷȴѾïٿ֣Ȼƣһƾͳï˹ȥ
ïϾױԴߣӦٶȻЩ˿ԱȵģȻһ˲ͷӦ˹һоԼѹȥΪɫ͵ؾͱޱѿ
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ȻΪڻᱻŷѹƣΪûԼĵؼͷųԭ򣬲ȻҲֻŷĵ
ǵΣҵ޷вǣҵΪȴһױԴԱģ
ڹŷ巢һ̣ïѾ֪˹ŷʵΪһ׳ڱԴΪûİģһͽֹôҲǲܿԺԼԿģ
ЩͷֻԺһţڹŷѾоһƴͬɽƣҲдɫܣҲûʱͬԴ֮ƣ׼͹ŷӲƴһǡ
ֻƣͬƾˣͬ޾Դ֮ΧˣͬʱҲɴ˫ۣһգգضмˣ뿴һײ˭ʤ˭
۹ŷһжƣﶼΪһغϣïʤϾŷչʾΪֻһ׳ڱԴѡ
û似İ£ӲӲǺŷذܣ
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ٿǽս֮ȻһŤͺǰһԼȫһգǸ߽߲ܹɵĿռ˺ѣΪơ
ҲֻƶѣҪɿռ˺ѣɲֵȼģּײҲҪ߽ױԴϵΪ
ȻڿнսҾкԶľ룬ȴЩݵϣȻЩ˵ΪҲʮױϣôԶݹĲ޷Ӱ쵽ǣЩǰʮߣҲֻǱһΣû˸о
ˣҲһĿ࣬𺳣Ѿ޷
ֻһ׳ڱԴѣ
ѾסΣɵȻĹŷ壬йͬ뷨
ïһ˫ñţУǲ֮ɫ
ôǿ󣿣Ϊλۺ񣿣
ƺ൱ڶĩڱԴߵˣԼֻǲһѣ
ң۱ٶΪλѸݣһ붼ûУ۳ôǿѵ˵似Ĳɣ
似ĺûҲٶȣǰǰ󶼲һ룬۳˶׳ڱԴȫһҲȥˡ
ʵŷĸ似ͼ似ֻǬߵȵĶѣٶΪʲôԿ似ǾΪ似ԼģʺԼʹõģԲ۵ô졣⣬ҲԼ似һôˡ
Ҫּ֪𣬲˵һ룬һ룬ռݺܶˣǣŤת档
ţ
ŷȶסκ󣬸΢΢Щ֣ɷǳص˵ͷղҲֻ̽һïĹǿȶѣڿƺԼͽֹԷƽˣ
˴Ҳ͸ûʲôõĵˣҲȥΧЩ͵ؿԼڿĿ⣬͵һЦïЦʵΣбҪսȥ𣿡
ȻïĸһȴгڣԷֱ߶࣬ʱԼ򣬵ȷǿѹƶԷȻսȺɢ˵ĻǾ޷ѹˣֻԼһˣҪʹʹشһġ
벻벻СֵܾȻǿ󣬶ңȻǵ򣡣
ïûȥֱӻشŷĻǿѹе𺳣˫罣ŶĹŷ壬ɿ̾
ïĻҰȺ˽һ㶣ղǶֻǸоһհѹѹȶ£ͱ˵ս˹ȥǰǰ󲻵ʮʱ䣬˲ûзԼȻѾԷѹסˡ
һӦʱͷ֣ԼΪȻǡֱ½˺üΣ
ɰǸŵòᣬоͬΡɽһѹȸУͳͳɫ
Ҫ֪زһΪ½Ӱһʤˣο½˺üΣ˶࣬ҪԷһˣȫԵ͵ˣƣȻǵȻ޴档
ۣ򣿣
ˮ½ߵˣ⻰ЩãȻŷûӰ쵽ǣҲ֪ŷʲôģǻعζһЩ˻ҵ飬нȻһѣѵ˵ǣǵ죬򣿣
⣬ôܣ
ˮ½磬Ҳֵˣ
̻ϣأɶ㶵ؿŹŷıӰԻһƬհ֮С
һֱΪŷ嶥ǻѾǸоޱˣȴ벻Լǵ͹
Ϲɣʼ֮ͻָ˳̬ϾҲߴˣĵҲв٣Ҳû̫𺳡
ŷȴԽԽϸһĻ֣ᷢļʺԹ
ǺǣҵĽǣǳˣˮ½磬УǾͿɣҲϲϻ
ŷûȥïĻֱ˵
⻰֮ǰ˵ĻһһƬЦΪԴûˣﻹȥ룿νǱߵˣţҺһ½Ȼܻһ룬Ҫллˣ
ʵʱïҲùģǹŷչֳģѾ˵ǱҲ˵Լ޷ɱ
ֻҪԼɱһߣôְǱҪ˶ãȫʵԻɱԼˣһΪһˮ½磬Ĳֵȥðգֵȥôһš
ڳ˵ĻԺ󻹿ύùϵܽύԼĺô޷ġ
һҲ͸û˼˼׼Ц˵֮ʱһȴǴĶС


271 ϹɵĴ
ϹĹϹɣܼˮ½Ļһͣ
ïʱһ㶣ЩûзӦ֪˵ϹңĸϹҡ
漴һ͵ǸֻĶǣϹϹɣ
ȥѰңһ۾Ϳ˳̻ߵϹɣΪϹɵĴûϢϢȻ֪˭Լġ
ȴľɣɲһߴĹүƽߡ
Ҫ߿Ҳ֪ں㴫
ϹɼïԼ߿æ˵ɲ뱻̻Ϻ꿴ʲôԼɾΣˡ
˵ϹĹӣʲô֤
ȻţïҲ֪Էе׽ŪԼҲʵ
㲻ҵĻһҰ֪ҵݵģ
ԷôƶïͲЩһ뵽һʣ㲻ԼֲʧʲôԷߴĹүĻ
ˮ½磬ǲһϹĹڣ
뵽ïҲٳɣҰʵ
ҰһïͻȻԼǺ⣬ҲûΪʹ㣬ȻսʱͰϹɵݸ˵˶Էν磬ɾ벻𶼲ˡ
һͷشûϹɣǸȽϰһױԴߡ
ïԣһжʱֳؾ⣬֪ҰǲƭԼģô˵
ԽԽǼֻͣҪԼĻˮ½磬ͿԻͣ
ߴĹӿֵͣҲȥĶԷǲƭԼԶԷݣȹүİӣǾԲ˵ģ
ô˰ɣ
Ϲ͸ЩͷҲǿï۵׵ļͿϲɣĿöˣ֪ԷԼǳģȻˣȻͲضԶԷʲôηˡ
˵һֱûѱνԼïţҰǾԲҶԼôģµģǳ̻Щ˻Լɱڡ
ţϹүҪҰˮ½ȫɱ𣿡
ïﻹ᲻ţ˷ܵöģ漴֪ϹܴԼȻǶˮ½ʲô˼ɣæסҪ¶ģǰ飬ʵ
ߣ˿ȫɱˣЩԴܹץסĻ;ץסҪܵĻᣬģֻҪܹɣһ󲻵ʹͣ
Ϲһ̻ϣأǸŷСôôȥأɣôϴݺݵȥĥ
ллллϹүģһ⣡
ïڿȥŷǱôǿ᲻ᱨԼˣǱǿΣϹϹɱǸ
ŷһֱվïĶ棬ԷĿϲͼȻûӹ۾þö˵ùŷԽԽɻ
ȻŷĿʱһȻïͻȻһ˿ɱ⣬֪ԷҪˡ
͸ǲˣղţǿïѺõЦģʱ϶ҪͽģΪ⼸ʮӣͺȻıأ
ʱҲȥЩˣΪʲôͻȻı⣬ȻôͲҪûĻˣ
׼ãҪˡ
ʱŷҲѾ׼ع۲ïһһ漴̻ϣأ˴
Ϲɣֱӱ˹ȥ
ãԼҲСģߣɲô׶Ըģ
̻Ӧ˵Ķͬһ˼йŷҪСһ㡣
ղţŷïӲһƣȻƾУɳ̻ȴΪŷһïʵ൱Ҫ֪ïǻûóʹ似ģҪûû似Ĺŷ壬϶޷ʤġ
Ҳһ׼ҪԼԼļңԼĸãǴԼʬ̤ȥ
Ȼ޿ܣ
ţһģԼҲСĵ㡣
ŷЦЦص
ôģûǺ𣿡
ŷٴγïʵ
⻰ѾǵڴïˣҪҪͣŷû˷ʱ䡣
ŷ廰һ䣬ïϲ˫Уͳɱ⣬ղôһᣬϹַԸһЩ飬ڣҲ׼ˡ
ʲôǣȫȥɣ
ïһЦ˲ţԼԴ֮ͳŹŷ˹ȥ


272 ͵
ï˵꣬ɱ˹׼ĹŷȴǵȻúܣֻƺ˫У͵һ˿˷֮ɫ
һأͬûóԼϾһָ̫ˣңҲԣԼʵ൱ں̶ֳȣԼ似ʲôطҪĽġ
ĺȷǿ似ĵȼҪ似ʩչӦ֣¯ĵزǾҪսвϵĥϺˣֻûйʹÿһ˿ÿһ㱾Դ֮ӳãĴɡ
ԹŷڣҲ޷̶ȣҪսƿϤ
ʯ֮䣬ïнѾҫ۽â˹ŷҲ˿⣬Ŀ棬͵һתһʩչɵٶȣһӰŷӰȴͻȻïĺ
ٶȣڲʹѥӵ£ֻƾ豾ٶȵļʩչɣǼѥӵļӳʩչ
ˣŷٶҲùעߵһۻңرïһϲ˾֮ɫҲû뵽ŷٶȣȻѸݡ
ҲֻԾһѣٶȻˣô˵ҲǲһģȻʲôɵӦݣ˲ԭǰĽ͵ۻأ˹ȥ
˵ô࣬ʵïŷշתʵ򶼲һӶѣҲӦ˹ȻǺ뿴һ˵սѧϰһЩҪ֪ױԴߵսɲ뿴ܿģʱҲǸµʱ򣬷׷״һͳ˶Էգ۱սһ
˵ïֻǵؼģΪȴԲĲˣԹŷĵ򣬶ûκв
ҰЩˣҲ첻ʲôӰ죬Ȳ˵ͷֿˣ˵ïſҲǿΪǵŷѹȵģⳡսŷҲֻסһïˣֻп̻Լˡ
ŷȴһֱǣһм˭ĳΣҲȥһȣ֮һ仰ŬҲֻǱסǵѡ
ٶ룬ۼïһתŷҲûȥܣһλĶܣʲôð취ֻӲӲĽս
ңŷϲģҲҰսʽ
ͺһŷ˫ſǰĶïĵ£ԼٶȳֻԴԴϵػ۶գ۹ֻƣ㱻ıԴ֮֡
ۿïн۳ĽâŷȴǲƳ˫֣ƺʵޱȣ˫Ƴ֮ʱƵıԴ֮ӱڰյ۳ŷȫһƣӭ˹Ľâ
۳Ʋֻ൱ϴС̺ȴʹսеҰ̲סһľսΪңҺòԼս򣬹һУԼˡ
ïǱŹŷģǳ۾һ飬ͳͳûӹĸӦһӦŷ۳ֻƣʱһҲףŷ嵽ţ
۳֮УеĸӦ̺Կһ۷屾Դߵȫһˣֱ׷ԼĹҸΪҪǣƺһʽ۵ʱ仹̣ܶʱȥ۹Ļ񲻾˵ĹԼ˿
Ȼ룬Ҳû̫η壬۵ĹԿԼģôܻԷʱȥۣ
ٶ룬֪ԼһǹʲôúҲټâˣһתؽǵâԼٴнʼ
ò˵սʵһҪḻö࣬Ļ϶ôϾͷǵâԥһ˲һ˲Ծܶˡ
ԣԼս飬˹ϵķǵâٴοʼǸŷ˲ѹҲֻһѹѣǷİõľѣͬʱƼʮϰٵĹûκѹ
䣡
һը죬˵ĹȻͬʱɢһգڲֱײ⹥ನҲʲô𵴣ನһɢïǱߣȴٴ۳һ֮ǰҪ޴Ľâ
ʵ˱Դ𣬲âԽԽ󣬶ǿ̺ж٣̺Խ࣬ȻԽǿ
ͱ߽ױԴǵĹͷųâȫҺ̬ıԴָֻ֮ϸһâ൱һٸŷĹˣ֪Ǹߣжô¡
ïĹٴ۶ɣŷɫԽԽأԼСױԴߵʵԼҪСһˣʵڲУֻóʹȫʵսˡ
ȻŰһ׳ڱԴΪۺʵˣٸһЩʱգ֮УٴȽȽһҫ֮ǰ
ŷԽصɫïͲɳشЦһ뵽һܻܿΪ߼ԴϵľţԼĽ£һܺ泩
ȻϵĶȴûһͣͣһ۳Σ͵سŷ˹ȥ
ŷȻһЦҲȥĻɱԼҲǸͲУ
ҪǵԼʹȫһЩҪ鷳Ļïﻹйȥ˵£ͱԼɱǱΣˣ
˶ӣԼûԱ֮ǰҪ͵²УȻԼЩǳעҰ½пܱԼۣ⣬ҲǹŷֽΪĵ⡣
Ȼ绹ôϤŷȴ֪˼ԴҲԲһˣһӵеģԼó˸ͷһû벻˻ɣǲܵ顣
룬һһױԴߣһǴһƫһױԴߣüǿ磬İ˼˻ȥ룿
ֻҪһϸ飬ض֪Լһȥ˻Ұ½ռЩҲи߼ԴĻȻǲҪٶ˵ˡ
һĥŷ¶ģԲ¶ԼĵƣǣܰЩȫɱĻûʲô⡣
ҲֻһѣŷţҲŵ԰ЩȫɱĵزΪǱνǱߵҪȫɱ⣬ˮ½ߵˣҲһ
̻ϼˣҲô
ϲ⣬ŷ壬ȥκˡɡ
ΪֻҪһ⣬ԼСҰ½ΣʦȵȣЩˣΪԼ쵽֣֮
ЩͷֻڹŷԺ֮Уϸ룬ïŵЦݣԼ۵׵ɱ⣬ŷоͷһЦ
㲻Σҹŷ壬ڸǿѹ³ɳģѹڻҰ½ĥ£ȴʮ֮һٷ֮һϣ


273 
ïٴγĹŷ»ָ˵ݡ
ܣŷ̧˫֣һ۳ǰֹһΣȴٶȣȫۡ
ȴϲââĶײֻнսƣǣïӣȴǲᡣ
ҲսŸոտʼҲûï㣬һȹŷ㣬ô͸Լˡ
ڹŷҲïʵ˴ŵ˽⣬ģֻҪһƾԼڶԷıԴ֮ԼԵᣬïذɣ
ֻ¡һ죬âûκ⣬һαˣΣŷĹȴҪѷһ
ⶼΪæۣïһԭ򣬲Ȼ˭ʤ˭һأ
ٿ˵սҲڹŷ˵ײ£սĻһʼսˮ½ߵ·磬̶ֻһ˲кЩˣȥҪ˶ãˮ½ߵˣͻһƬ
ҪǣνˣҪˮ½˲һ
پǳɳ̻⼸ԴߣҰԴߵĹ£ΪǱԴߣҲôװܵģ֧һᣬǿģŷҲ΢һ㡣
ŷ忴ϹʱĿȴֻǵûǰæһЦرһԣˮ½粻˵ȺͲǰæһ²ؼģ
νˣƺҲյʲôϢϹɵ͸һ㣬ûκһǰȥ鷳ŷҲףΪïԭǴͽ⣬ȴͻȻı⡣
ֹŷ˹̻ϵҲˣɫޱѿȻû뵽ؼʱ̣Ϲȴѡ
Ϲɣʲôôæ
ǳסһŭݵضϹɣŭȵ
ߣʲôæΪҲ֪ЩһֱңǵӵǴ󣬾Ȼң
ϹԣһһЦĵ
һͣʱ˵ˣϣǵȷûʲôȥ
ô˵ˣҵ죬Ӧ뵽ľ棡
Ϲ˫ĿЦѣų̻ϣ˱Ұ˴ΪǱӰ
룬ԼϹүȻһܿܿС˸ˣתһѻ³̻ϼ˹ǽƴԼĵĻ޲ȥһˣ
̻һ֪֪̾һ죬ϹɻᷢԼĿĵģȴ벻Ҫʱ
Ҳûȥ˵ʲô磬˭˭أ
ȻϹ˹ô˵Ҳˡ
ڣó֪Ҳ϶ûκôΪֻϹﲻѪͺ֪ôˡ
ѵˮ½磬Ҫ
̻оţǲҪ̷ʵҩԱɺضˣԼһܱȫȥҪǿ
ôģ˵ˣʵҲǿԱסģֻҪ
ϹǹһЦصĿ⣬Ʈ˳ɰ͹µħģ۵׵֮ɫ˭ó
˰ģװķȵȻ޴棬¶ԭеıԡ
Ļ˭ʲô˼ɵ˲ŭؿϹɣһĶġ
ƨϹС˵Ƕĵɣ
ŭǰǹ˼ϹɵݣȥûֵˣԼҲˣͱ˺Щֱѿڶȫǽһ硣

һˮ½˾Ͳɷ׷״ЦΪϹѱķŭҲɢһ㡣
㣬㣡
ϹˣΪϹүγܹ裿һʱ֮䣬ȴ˵
ȴǺЦĿͬһ㣬ɨų̻ϼˣĥţץǺ󣬸ȥĥ
һԿ϶ǣһĥʮϰ꣬Ϲɵ֣͵д
ϹǺݶ񣬹ŷüͷһֱ죬ϹɸɵĻһһ󻼣
ǣïͱνЩ˵ľٶϹɵƺ򵥣Ҳ֪ϹɵݣɵĻ϶ǻᱻ֪ģҪ֪Ǿֻһѡˡ
Щˣͳͳɵˮ½ЩʮߣҲȫֻܱסϢ⴫ȥ
ǣҪЩ˸ɵĻóԼȫֶǲܵģѵ˵̻ϵˣҲøɵɣ
룬ŷҡͷһЦԼɵ뷨ѳ̻ϵҲɵԼʲô
̾˿벻ԼŸ磬ôһⰡ


274 һ
ȻŷԵôȥϹЩϵĶȴ˿
ïвǺܴ󣬿﷭ǿߣʤ
ŷսïԽԽľ֣Լ˵ѹ˹ŷһͷȴûʲôʵԵвŵģܲ졣
üͷЩò׼ԼûɱˣɱˣϹɿ϶ǲκν͵ģǺԼҲ˵ùŷߵĻƽ׾ͶôһżĴУ治ֵֵ֪
ڶѾߵһˣǾ޿ܵģֻӲͷƤˡ
ȣ
˼غϣҲûκε˹ŷ壬ҲֻЩִٶѣïҲ̽ͺһӴ˹ȣ׼ʹȫʵս
ŷûȥϹʱʱԼèϷϷﷴ̣هNɪһǡ
ȴһֱĥţ׸ΰȥֲй¶ʵһͷ۵⡣
Ϲɲ֪ԼһֱڹŹǻţˮ½ߵ˽֧һЦΪԼȳʤȯȴֻ֪ڹŷһ֮䡣
ïǿƵĹŷüͷѰ㣬δϹɣʱһߣȵï֮˵
ïһֱ̽ŷʵߵͣŷֺγǣïڿʼȫŷҲ˿˫붯һԴ֮ïĽâȥâڿз裬ïĵâΪ
ǻɲͽȴЩʱע߶Ǻëֱһը죬һನ𵴣ʹ˺ɣһһ׶ױԴ߱ನҪһƤ
ڣѾûκһȥɹŷʵԭűĵˮ½ڴڴܹ꣬һ漣
ŷߴɫ̻ϼȴǲˣ̻ϣֱǱҰаΧʵҪҰһټһ׳ڱԴİ껣ĴǣսûãѾˡ
ٿأȴֻһΪȴͬʱԴΧһһĩڣһһڣһĩڵֻģصǵؼģѹ£Ҳ͵ͬʱͬΪߣ˳̶ȣҲ̻޼
ڳɣȴùŷΪһҲһͬΪΧսڣȴûˣֻЩǱѣŷһϸǻȻԭܹôòˣΪһļԴף
һţЩȻҲ˲СĴŤʱ̶һ㣬ڳȫ֮£Ҳסŷȴ֪ȥڵ綼һգʱ򣬿ɾֻ׸ˡ
ˣǣס˶ԷԴߣһԭӦϹɸģڣȴˮ½ߵʮױ棬ΪǻȺһٿԶȡһߵʹˮ½ʽΪվ
ΨһֵҵǣϹɺмȥոЩʮױߣϷһ㣬ֻվһԣӿɱҲˮ½ⷽˣȻܹģ¶һˡ
һֱעųеľƣЩϤһ£ϢɢĵĵоˮȴǽҧԸеĺ촽һ㣬Ӳǲˮ¡
֪ޣǽκģ˭ͬ飬Щ˵ĻڵԼǿ
һοһïûȵĹŷ壬ȴһ˿˿֮ɫȫûȻǿ˵زֱҲܹ漣
ȻҲֱ֪˵Ĳʵǣڵˮ½磬ƺֻôһϣ
ٴïƴһǣŷﲻɿʼ˵Ҳ˶ʮغˣǣԼȴûзֶԷ
һҲԿóԷսʵḻúܣԼصú޺ۼöָ޴֣
ïŷĸоһڹ꣬˶ˡǡУôѰңҲκһĵط
ٽ˼غϣŷ廹ûзʲôսĿ϶ͲһݣȻҲǾͲˣֱĿǣ㻹ȥأ
һ£ŷͲκԥ£ڵıԴ֮ͬϽˮһȫ˶һ㱾Դ֣֮⣬һɫ
һڣۿٶȣïһǽâȻֱӺڿУ˫ֺʮͷͬһ֧ɵűͻȻһĻЩï˹ȥ
ֹïһĻЩˣڳˣֻҪǿһĻģ޲˲ͣеĹͣؿĹŷ壬һĿɿڴ
ˣһ
͵ˣͬʱôһͷ·𲻸ǰʵ
һֱЦѵؿŹŷϹɣ˿̶Ǽ˹һ㣬ſڽ࣬Ӳ˵仰ˡ
̻Ϻͳ˾Ͳ˵ˣ˵ıûԸеĺ촽е𺳣Ѿ޷
ŷ岻֪Լڵ״̬ʲôȴ֪֮ҲʱԼһܹȴҲ֪վֻһʵֵΡ
ͬԺܲһױߣȴһܹΪ߽װ˽ױԴ߾ǿһ㲻ʵ
һ似һһ״̬ǲö˵ˣͨ״̬ʩչ似ǿ˺ü似ģǿʮ϶пܣ
ǣҪһôͱҪһǰᣬǾǣʩչ似ҪԼģ
Ȼ似¯࣬ҲԵﲻһĵزΪԼ죬ѧ似ôһЩطʺϱ˵ģԣһҲΪԴ似Ĵʣ
Դ似һ˿ģЩţӽǣʮҲоŸ޷ɼ似Ĵ죬жôѶȡ
һ⣬ܹ似޲֮е֮ӣԣ죬ܵĵزͲҪ룬٣Ҳ߽ϵǿߣ
⣬Ҳ˾ԷԵʣͳͳǱ˶һ㣬㶵ؿһïĹŷ壬һʧ
ĴԼ似
ɸоԼĺҪͣˣ˵֮ǰŷһγԽĺͽˣı𺳵ĻֱǺȻ޷ˡ
ҲףǶʮŷ嵽ڸˣԭȴȥԼ似ȥˣ
ţѵһͷ𣿣
ɴ뵽
ŷ岢֪ЩҲ֪Լڵ״̬Ǵ˵еһѡ츫͡͸֮󣬾һָоԼһһ֧ʱأܻΪâչֳǿĹ
ֻȴ֪״̬֮ڵɱɱģԣһֱûʩչ
ڣΪܹĽսֻεʩչҲޱȺʽ뿴Ρ


275 õİ취
ղŻȻʱȫվԭأ·𶨸һ㣬ؿŻһĹŷ壬еľˡ
ΪĹŷ壬ٶȸҪ֮ǰһ࣬ï֮䲻ʮ׵ľ룬գ۹򶼲ͼ
ǳƣоŨɱï˲ѣֻоԼ˲亹һ;
ǵģ
˵֮ǰֻѹŷһͷȴƾ飬ʵȷȡʤĻôڣȴҲû뷨
ʹֻƾս־ʤôʵƾǿһĹŷ壬Լʲô˼ȥ
ǣԼȥüǱҩֻ׸
ǣʹüǱҩ
ïб̾Լϰ꣬ŵĵزѵƾһҩٴλصףһױԴΪ
˭Բģ
ǣٲأïŹŷһѹȣֻ֪ҪԼҲԻˣ
һԼˣʵǻ»ȥγЧսʱܣѾˡ
ҧҧ϶ʱͻһ˿ȻζȥҩģΪ»ȥҪܣԸðս¹ŷһֻҪ̫صˣ֮ززϹɽףͱԺΪȣŵĽ
˿ԥһ֣ͰԼı˳Ưǰ˲ͷųֵͷССƣٴһ̾ˣԼûٻˣ벻죬ȴǱһһߣƵ˾ء
ЩͷҲֻԺ֮һѣĿǰΣƣ޷ʱȥ̾Ϣٻ˱֮󣬻ģǰԼһϵֶٻ˳ҧأȴŹŷ幥١
ҲûܿŷһĹǣԼȴѾŷľĸоǣԼӵ޷㿪ŷĹ
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ո׼׵֮ʣŷĹ١
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ʵΪĻɱ϶ҪȼǿģͻƷǿٶȣȴǻΪҪʵˣҲԶïɻԵĴ
˶ס˺Ϲɶˣ֪Ӯֻһǽ֡
ȴûٶïʲôϣѾʼѰ˼ţһïܣԼȥɲţˮ½ʤ֮Ź
ɳ̻ϵ˹˼ݶŹҲ֪ŷ壬ԲԼȥ
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ֻһ΢ģͬƼ죬ïͷų֣Ȼһ谭ûͱŷ˫ǰ۵ļ˺ƣɫ䣬һƬ֮ʱ׽֣ûһֿͱ˲ơ
ûһ⣬ƺиΪףΪ򵥣ïݵֱǱŷһ»ɣߵķݣ󵹷ɶȥ
˶ĿһĻȻ׼ۿģȴġ
һ׳ڱԴߣô׵ıˣ
Ҵģֻһһ׳ڱԴߣ
˶оԼĺرǱνǷˣϣǲһ־塣
Ȼ˵ⷽܶ࣬ȴף˵ˣˣصǰҲֻͬһذɣ
һĹ治ͨ߿Եֵġ
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һïɣŷû˿ͣʩչϣïɵж죬ͬӰһ㣬һ̲룬ï˶ݵķ֮⣬˲عӰ룬俴ԼĹŷ壬Уʱһ˿ں;
ڣԼΪҪʱڣڣղлҩԼȴΪģȥѡӲƴ
ڣȴҩĻᶼˣŹŷ建̧ƣӿͷ֪Լڽˡ
ʱǲҩҲǲܣΪŷղŵĹֱǰȫһ飬͸һﻹȥܣҩãѾġ
ʱΨһܿƵģҲֻһ˫۾ˣȴҲϣȴĵ
һУ˵ʵӹŷ忪ʼʩչһïɣٵڣһ˲ʮʱѣïʱɴڵɵ״̬
˫ۣ˺þãȴûиоκι£ɻĻ˫ۣȴŷȻ̧ƣҲǿƥʼղ£ôؿ
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ҲҪǹŷֵԵʣȻղžͲǰïˣֱӴ͸˺ɷ顣
⵹ǹŷĴ뵽ˣȻ¶ԼôֻкïˣڰϹɻɱ֮󣬱֤޷κһ
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һͣ£ŷҲ˵֣˺üҩȥţïǲٸʲôСˡ
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ŷɰҩïҲ˵ԸһԼһתЩԵıν˳˹ȥ


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ڿϹɵï֮ҲЩ׹ŷĴˣ֪ŷǾԲŹϹɵģҲ֪һŷҪɱϹɵ뷨ôν磬׺ӽˣһ
ӣҰҰҲн죡
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ֻৡһŷĹµβһƬʹҰÿ֪ԼβλãضһƬѪģ
ô˵ԼһǱסˣϵĺˮѾ˲ȥãһεķзʽݶȥټβһƬѪ죬ͷ˿ңˣԵǱ
ŷ忴űܿԼٴݶȥҰɵһЦⶼˣԼɴֱҿ鶹ײˣ
ٶ룬һΣ׷ȥǱӵҰȣ׷ϵĹŷ壬ͺԼҺ԰ͥһ㣬ָǸֻֻŸâһͷڷ趯һ־ǿߣΨҶİζ
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̻ϵĴسˣʱͻعҲ˷ܵĹâʱǻ˾ڣȴǳתǣתˣ
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˵Ļһ˿϶Ǵ򲻹˵ģˣֻܣսĻôɣر㹻Ӧˡ
ߣҲڳ̻϶֮ʣȫԱղǿǱν˸ƵǱ˷˵Ļᣬһ˼ѪƵģŸԵĶ֣κһѵĻᡣ
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˿ǰĽ缶󣬹ŷܸоҰ˷ܵͲüͷʱѾʹѥӵİܹٶˣҲֻҰƽɫѣңҲףҪЩɢܵһȫɱĻڵٶȣǾԲܵģǱҪʹѥӵٶˡ
Ȼоŷ㲻κԥѥӱȲǵȼȽϸߵߣһǺѥӵĵȼģһԴ֮ԴԴϵע˽µѥӣʱŷ͸оԼӯҲƺǳ˳һ৵һٶȣǱ࣡
ŷͻȻٶȣʹǰҰȫûһ㷴Ӧʱ䣬͸оԼ󻮹һ磬Ǻëһը亹ֱðƾ豾ܷӦԼĶΣյĳǿԱ߼һ۽Ϳһ⻮Ȼ󣬱㿴һֱֱֱۣȥ
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ӦѸݣսηḻŷͻȻĹûжʱȥʲôӦֱһŷնϣ漴۽⣬Ƴһ⳯ԼĲ˹Ȼõٶʵ̫̫죬ȫûжܵĿԣֻؿţǵ⣬ӽ
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һҽУڶһıڿлص־壬ռÿһ˵ͷеˣŵʺ跢ߣǣȴûһˣܹӽ缶͹Ļһ׷Χġ
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ڹŷ御ոЩߵ֮ʱϹǱߣѾҪï׷ϡ
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оïĹδʲôвϹɾͽסһϲȶƺҲָٶȸǼӿţλȥһҪúðĸ忪ˣԼһ߼鱦
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Щߴ磬רŵģȵĵȼʲôṩҪʹãҲ˵һЩ棬ߵȼ鱦ģҪãȴҪ㹻ĹףΪõ
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ٿԭѹѹһȺߣôʱѣȻѾȥһ룬ֻһЩɢܣҪôԶߣٽӽŷһ壻
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ѵƲԼ֣ͷԼ뿪Լ
ϹоɵţƷ뷨ɲţŷô׷Լȥ
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280 Ǹħһ
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282 Ǹħ
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283 Ǹħģ
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Щҩȼ͵ģƷȵģ඼ƷϣԹŷڵΪֻҪƷȵҩѾԡ
˫ֱ֣һһһŶʱԴʯǰѾѷߡ˸յİƿȲţѾСʱҡ
ոտʼһһʱԴʯˣȴǵͻƵؼλãһһһŶʱԴʯͬʱգǸոպá
ٿűԴʯ̺ǿһʵֻʣʮ֮һʵĵһ룬ǣЩյȫܹ˵ŷжôֲˣңȻţûͣ
Ҫ֪һһʱԴʯ൱һһĩڵȫˣʵģ൱һ׳ߵȫżǿĩڱԴߵȫ޼
ŷͷƺпܰűԴʯȫһգˣǹȣֱ׷ĩڱԴߡ
⣬ûͻƵ¡
ȻС׶εͻƣ϶޷ŷӶģȻǹŷֻױԴڣڵԿʮױԴˣ
ŷ̬Ǳ̬ڱ̬ǰ̶ȣʷϣδֹ˵
ʶŷȫбԴʯҲͬʱȫ̷ҩҩЧ
ҩҩЧ̶ֳȵ£Ȼֲ֧˶õģһող̷ȥһƷǿʵҩѾȫȫ
ŷ۾ҲҲʲôֻһһӺ׷ɳ鲼İƿУǣ°סһƿ˹ƿڰ;飬ֻʣĵҩڹŷĿ£һ¾ͷſУһУ񼣡
ⶼΪŷľֱƷҩʦԭҪǾǿ󣬾ΪʮױԴ޷㡣
ȻҲΪǶǵģһ߽װ˽ױԴߵľͲŷ൱ˣ϶޷ŷ㾫׼ġ
ңǿˣҲͿԳΪҩʦҪΪҩʦͿͱǿ󣬺ΪǶǵľ޷ΪҩʦģȻ£ֻҪǸ߼ߣǸƷҩʦˣҩʦλҲˡ
ڻҰ½統УҩʦĵλҲǳޱȵģرƷҩʦݸޱ󣬿ȷ˵һƷҩʦĵλȫ൱һŽױԴˣһƷҩʦĵλ൱ڣгʮױԴߵơ
ھƷģŷھͲö֪ˣһ룬ܹϵ¾ǬߣҲǿͬݶԻģǣҩʦΪ߽ס
ֻ˵ƷϵҩʦƷԼƷµģ͸Ұ½ƷҩʦһƬ˵͹˵ˮ½ƷҩʦʮұܿƷµҩʦʵô
˵Ƕֻ˵ҩҩЧһҩʦЩҩʦƵҩҩЧûһ߼ģ弶Ķ٣󲿷ֶֻļңһ߼ƷҩʦУҲһϡжҲҲֻǿ磬߼ҩЧƷҩʦڡ
ҩʦƷԽԽߣҩЧ֮ĲҲ޷Ŵ󣬾ͱ磬ͬΪƷߵȵĵҩһҩЧһ߼ҩЧߵЧȴǱǰҪһ࣬۸ȴֻǸһѣɴ˿ɼࡣ
ŷӵŰ˼ҩҩЧϢȥĻһҹ֮䣬ŷضΪǿģߴ綼ǰҪ֪ҩЧǿҲҩʦ츳ʡ
ҩЧģͿ˵ҩʦеˣ߼ҩЧģ͵Ǿˣڰ˼ҩЧġ
ԳƵҩʦе֮ӣżҩЧŷ嶼ûеʵҩʦͺñŷһ㣬С
ʮľͲҪ˵ˣּҩЧͬʮƷҩʦһ㣬ʷϣʹδֹҩЧƷƺֻڴ˵С
ȻҲΪŷ˽ⲻҲûʸȥӴ۷εԭҲǰڣֻڵԼûǸʸӵϷ볡ȯѡ
̷ǿŵҩŷ͸оԭɿݵҩЧٴγӯڼѨλڻ۵Ҳӿ˲٣ֻҪȵ⼸ѨλȫŷΪһˡ
ΪԽߣͻƵʱȻҲԽɲǰλͻƣԴߵÿһѨλͻƣ̺ԴݻһСɽˣջ۵ٶȣҲȻȻĻ
ݹŷ֪Щ߽ױԴϵÿСλͻƣͿܺķµʱ䣬ĽλͻƣһĶпܣԼڵ⼸Сʱʵ㲻
ҩҩЧɢŷձԴʯٶҲȻӿ죬ǿűʣ޼һʱԴʯʱͷžꡯһ죬ȫֻ꣬ʣûκͨʯͷ
һſѳɼʯ͵£ŷͬ۾ģһ֣һһʱԴʯٴηűԴʯŷ԰Ϊɹͻơ
˵ǶѱԴʯвٶϵģ鷳ȥŷȴǣʱͼľͼģЩȼߵģսʱӦΪսʱڵ貹ĻûǸʱ任ȥ
ٴȫգбԴʯԼҩҩЧΪŷԴԴϵṩӴ֧ţЩѨλٶȣҲٴμӿ졣
ʵΪͻƣûôֻҪľ㹻ߣ㹻࣬㹻ôܹȻȻͻˣڣŷҲǰĹ켣ͻš
ʱҴţ֪УСʱٴλ
;Уŷٴ̷ҩٿϣѾĹž޲
ʱѾͻƵؼʱ̣ܵκһĴţҲκһĶҡ򣬾ǰһ³
ͻȻŷűԴʯ˫֣Ȼֱ߬ϵͬһܲĿֲ
о֪ΪͻƺڽűԴ֮ϴ衣
ÿһͻƣʶҪͻʱıԴ֮ϴһ飬Ҳ֮һ̨ףܸܳҲΪһ׶̵档
Դ֮ϴ貢ûг̫ãֻһ¾ԼٴųһЩڵʶѣԹŷЩ꾭ҩĴ壬ڵȻǼٵģϴʱ䣬Ҳ֮˲١

ϴϣҲʹΪʽͻƣŷŵ˫ۣȻһоȵŷųţٴïսĻͲҪʹóһҲŰˣ


288 Ǹɫǣ
ҩռʱ򣬶Ѿͨ콾һŷ͸Ӧ˳ԼԼġ
Ȼһᣬžͱ죬˵ã˵ңֱ죬̵ľֱӷ˿֨֨ҪľŵĲʷǳã¶Ѿ˼顣
ŷ嵭һЦҲûȥɵĲò˵ʵŷҲѾѳɵԼѣС£Ȼǲƽϡ
ûҪУ㵽ǲ߰ô˯
֮˳ĵвŷóɴʱضҧ˵
ŷҲ˵һӣžԴ򿪣ҲῴԼȻɴĵĴ۾ĳɣԹԵش·
ղͻ֮˵ûųʣҲһģս֮󣬻һŷͳһˮųġ
ȴֻǴ˿Ӷѣûдκ·Ž˶յ¶˳ǰ
ɴվԭأһ˫۾ɵԲģĿһתתضǳӲʣ·ǵĽ˶ͻȻһֱǰδеĿ졣
ļ䣬ҲͻȻһ˿δйо֪ȥݣֻ֪Լڿ϶ǹ̵̹ġ
û뵽ſˣȻôһѵͲ֪ʲôк𣿣

㶵ؿһᣬɲȻѣ΢ŵԸк촽ʱͷһΪ̶ľҪ˵ĶĤҪѡ
㣬㣬㡭
аСʳָһһָɫȻƽȻĹŷ壬㡯˰죬˵һĻ
ŷɫػͷһۣ˵Լһүǣִ˿ӣֻû¶ѣбҪС
սʱ򣬲֪ߵս飬ȫģզû㾪ȣ
Ȼֻ˵ڵģɳһȥʱʱŭ
ɫǣ
ɼŷʼ޶ԣԹԵģƵش·ƺûпԼһ㣬ͲһߣҲ޿κΣֻҧһ䣬ȻͨתԼٶȷߡ
˵Ƿߣ˵ߵģٶȷɿ죬һŤŤģȻʱǳƽ
ŷһЦ֪Լôͳɫˣҡҡͷٶ룬´·ҲûУյųɷȥķƵȥ
ɷɵ;Ȼ뵽ԼĿģԼӲԼ𴲳ԷģԼȴû˵Ҳ֪ûС
ΪȻ޷ֹŷϢģ֪ŷ嵽ûи
ߣأã
뵽˸ղſŷӲǣԭ۷ȥ뷨ȥСӣŭһɷģȴô޷ƽ
漴ǶԼ뷨оһЦ¾һ²ԷҲܹôɣ
ġǳԵ
ޣɣʲôأ
һ߷ţһţ˼һСԴǲǳʲôëȻĸˣֻһ˵ͨͨأ
ɾͼԼĸף磬ïѾȺ⣬ԼֻһǰЩɻ
ɣŴأôûи
̻ɻʵ
֪ٹһʱ䣬ŷ϶ҪȥģųʱúŷùϵⲻһģȥԸ׼˼ΪʢͣҪ֪ô˵Ҳһ׳ڱԴߣ㣬ʾĳˡ
ɻʻɾ̲ס΢΢һ죬ǣ֪ôģǲϲҲϲԼ׶Թŷǰ𾴣ܸоԼҲһƵġ
˵죬ŷչֳ㹻𺳣˾ηʵɳ𾪣ȴʼûκξηҲǳϲָоΪʲôԼҲ˵
׽Ŵˣ׺͸Ƕ㾴ηͺܲ޲ҧһڲܽޡ
ǣҲ޷ı丸׵뷨ΪĹ򣬳ˣǹϵܺõ֮⣬ǿߵʱ򣬶㡣
Ǻǣøλõˡ
ڳɲ֪ôȥش׵ĻʱǸɶڶȻͷÿǸɫһ΢ЦƵ˹ǰϵĵȻЦǺǵһָоĻôھôôÿɶ񣬺񣬻һɫɫĸо档
ûûУҲŸոչ
̻ҡ˵һӣ˸ƣصطԸ˴һЩʳֻǲ֪ϲϹŴ˵θڡ
ŷ΢΢һЦȻܹ׳̻ϵ뷨ģҲܿĳ⣬̻ϲԺˮ½ʲôҲᾡȫæϾҰ½ǹˮ½Ͻó̻ȻǸӰȫĵˡ
˰֣ŷͬԼ˸кغï˵ͷЦŶԳ̻ϵԺͻǽҵְɡ
⻰ƽȴƺһֲݿܵ棬̻ͷӦŷһȣ˽ȥ̻ïϡ
ھɵʱŷ岻֪ôģͻȻתͷųգգ۾ȻܸоõɶԼҲȥΪʲôܸоͦ˼ģҲͦϲԼҧгݣһŭСʿģǾ̲ס
ʵԼ֪ԼΪʲô㲻Ҫ˵ɱˮ½ô˵ȷЩĻҲôãΪܹ⡣
˵ǲ׶㹧ǻпԭҲǳһôܻԼһֺݺҧһڵĳ嶯أ
ѵǣԼİҪעԭ
ֻǣ֪и˫ֻӣԼ޿ܣ࣬޴йŻԭ
Ҳ
߽аɡ
ɲԸ롣
ŷ˵ԼԺҪٳƺΪŴˣֱӽ֣ĲЩ˵ģŷ徭ԼʱȻԼգգۣΪŷڵЦԼոտ壬߶ʱð˳ҪǸ⣬϶ȥԼ򲻴ùˣضǰҧڡ
ߣ
һĻСԴҲȥԹԵظڼ˽ȥ
ŷգ۵С̻ϼȻעⲻģɵߣȴÿˣ̻ϾͲüͺȵɣʲô̬ȣ
ɣ̻תͷŹŷǸŴ󡭡ŷ壬ɾԸ񣬻֡
ɲûñȥҧˣرǿŷ΢΢ǣ֪϶͵Цﲻ֪ôֻأ
סСȭͷɾؿԼǰѵĳ嶯


289 뷨
ĴУһôĳӣӣĿֻңµĻСոպá
ϣڷʳʳ࣬һЩͬʳõҩ峴Դһͬյ
ܵ˵ʳζãӪֵǸߡ
Ȼ˱ԴߣԵʳҲֻΪӣ׷ζѣӪӪģǵ˵ûʲôá
ΧӣһŰڷӵǰˣֱԣȻǸǰģλ
Ŵˣλ
˵ŷղŽ˳̻ϣҪֱӽԼ֣̻ʵǽвڣղŽһܣйŴ̹
ŷЦŵ˵ͷûǫʲôǳȻλȥڳ̻ôԼȴûʲô⣬ֻһƺѣôжν
ǸںĳȴǾ˺С죬ŷöãͷǳȻλϣǱ飬Լߵģ̲סһۣȻȷʵǿġ
˷׷£ɵλñ˹ŷҲ࣬Ͼŷ֮Ĺϵã̻ϵȻҪúˡ
ˣΪ
ïʵǿȻǵһʱͷֵ˹ŷĲԣһ£Źŷһ㶣ȵʵ
ȷ޷ƹŷʵΪȴǿԸݹŷϢжϣϢ֮ǰҪӳҲӺࡣ
ŷ΢ЦͷҲûͬתͷһ𾪵ĳ̻ϳɼ˵һڡ
ï֪ŷʲôʱųΪԴߵģҲֻԸоȰˣǣ̻ϼȴ֪񣬾ŷΪԴߣһ£һ°ɣ
⣬ͻˣ
΢źԸеС죬ǲ֮ɫһ¶ѣͳɹΪϿԽһСʲôԣ
Ҳֲ̫һɣ
ңԼһ似ңǬеȵģ
ʱսʱ򣬳ҲΪսԲ֪ŷʵȺʩչ似һ׼似һ׸似Ϊŷֻ˼似ѡ
Ҫ֪ŷ似Ļ»Ӳˡ
ððⱭƣ͵ԤףŴ˵Ϊһ¥ȸΪ
ŷΪԽߣ̻ȻԽǸˣǿѹе𺳣æվ𣬶žƱһں¡
˼ôӣŷ嵱ȻҲȥʲôףҲͬվѱҾһ¡
ŷȻô̻ͣͷǸ泩غïҲ֮վ𣬷׷׾˹ŷһףΪٽһҲֻгһ˻ţһһڣݺݵСʳһͰСùĹҵģǷཹգԼ۵촽ԵرĿɰ
ɣվŴһôˣûһò
̻üʹҧʳĳɣغȵ
֪ŷĹϵΣΪɵĲò˹ŷĲĻǿɾҪˡ
СĸƣҲ游׵Ļɲø̧ͷһÿǸɶЦеؿԼƺ͵ԼˣͲһϲģЦеӣر֪Լϲȴ޷һָ֮оΪǿҡ
ҲΪԼǳŵЦУԽԽԵʰɣŻЦرɶ
ۼֲüͷֻεվ𣬶һСƣִ࣬Ϫˮָ⻮һ㣺ҲףšΪһ
ʵǽвŴˡǼ֣һ˹ȥͷǳˬ׸߰ĲӣһڰѱҾƺȥ
ŷôܺȥƽЩȨڿѳܵһ̬ѣҲ֪ΪˣȻָпҧԼһڣ˵һллͷҲԼƱľƺȥ
ŴˣǽҪȥܱν׺ӽˣ֪ҪҪһͬȥţҲӰİ
£˵㶫󣬳̻ϱ
ŷҡҡͷЦȥɣïڣ㹻Ӧˡ
ʵŷҲˣǲҪֿʼԼϾʵǿҲʱ̶߱ǰɣ
ңҪѸ˵ʵԱ˵ĵزƱҪǿøһģϾһ˵γڣҲϲ˼˵ٶȡ
Ȼ˵ʵҪģΪزֻҪžԵƣôһǿߣпȫֻԼʵҲ㹻ȥֵԷǿߣܸõı˵İȫ
Ҳֻǹŷĳ뷨ѣҪʵʩ϶ҪһЩԶļƻģԼˮˮǳ׶Щ磬жʮױԴߣǬ߶ûȥˮǼΪǵġ
ԣԼΨһҪģȼӴ˽⣬ȥߣϤϤ
ڣïƹܺˮ½⼸磬ѻȴãԼȥĽ翴һ֪ʶҲΪ㡣
̻ȻҲֻʶѣҲ֪ŷ϶ǲȥģ˼ŷܾҲٶ˵ʼʳ
ųţŷͻȻ̧ͷʵϣˮ½磬ĸǿϽ
ŷ²⣬Ȼÿƫ磬ĳܿܿСϽôС磬ȻҲӦǹĳǿϽˣԲŻдһʡ
̻ϵĻشȴǳϡ
ʵƫ֮⣬еĽ綼ǶģĸϽ
̻Ҳ룬͵ΪֻƫߣŻ᲻֪ĴڣǿҪԱĳȡʽˣϾ֪ĴںЩȻиԵѡ񣬵ȻΪ粻ҲΪһЩ룬ǻݸʵǿȥѡ񡣡
ҪǣЩǿ磬ͲĲû˼룬˵ǣ˼ҿҪǣǱˮ½ȥǣ
ŷ㶣ɻʵ磬͵ôã
ǿ϶ģ˵˵ıԴ֮ҪŨʮϣȻǿһٶȵģһ㣬֮ˡǾ͸˵߼ҩ߼ĲȵЩˡ̻һ˿֮ɫͷش
Ҳûŷ̫࣬ЩҲԽ͵ģֻԼǰȥ˽⣬Ǳ˵ټЩǿ磬شﲩԴȫͲܿܿСԴԣǵȻͲȥϽĸС磬Լͽ鷳ˡ
̻ϿЦһʵҪ˵ĻЩСͲܹЩϽأɹؼ˼ҸͿϰЩߴ磬ҲͬСĿһ㣬ˣƫ֮⣬еĽ綼Ƕڵġ


290 ˽
̻ϵЩͣŷȻͷﻹǴʵġ
磬ȻЩСŨʮΪʲôҪȥأѵܾʹǸ磬Ȼ
δأûߣͲ˲ɣ
ƺǿ˹ŷɻ󣬳̻Ϻ˿ҰҰ죬˼͵ŴˣЩأô˵ɣЩ磬ĳƹܵģͺñƫЩݺύĴССһ룬ˣİˣҪЩȻǲôܵġ
ŷʱ˹̻ϵ˼ҲͺñռҰɣİˣռȻûǸܵģÿһ磬͵һռңǵȻ˭ܽ˵ˡ
Ǽ룬̸
˵ȥ綼ˣ
ŷΣΪȥߣǼʶأڿȻǲˡ
̻֪ŷʣҲʲôӣʵĸ磬ǿԽġ
عŷ嵱ǱŪͷղŻ˵ܽˣôֶܽˣ
Ҳ֪̻ϲڹˣԼ棬ҲĬ΢Цſų̻ϣȴĽ͡
Ȼ̻ϽĻùŷʲô˼
ÿǿ磬򶼷ǳ֮ЩǿǿҲܰÿһƬض鼰
˵ģıԴ֮ҪСŨʮ࣬Ҳ˵Ƭ綼ˣֻмСһֲˡطСıԴ֮޶
ֻôһЩطôŨıԴ֮ĻЩȻǿ鼰Ҳ˵ֻҪǱԴ֮ŨĵطŻᱻЩܿأĵطǿİǻġ
ŷȻͷҲ˳̻ϵ˼ܵ˵ǣԴ֮Ũĵطİ˲ԽӽģطֻҪ㲻Ϲ㣬Ǿˣ
Ҳ˵ҪֱԴ֮ŨĵطͱüЩʵһַġ
̻׹ŷЩ⣬ҪһЩ״Ҳŷ𣬾˵ĸ磬רŶֵطŨ̶ȣҲǲֺǡ
̻˵ϾͲֳһ˿Цŷô᲻ף϶Ǽ۸һ߸Ѳ
ǿŨ̶ȶôˣߴ磬Ũ̶ȣ
ŷͻȻʵ
Ũ̶ȣſΪٶȣ˵ŷˮ½Ҫһ²ܵһĩڱԴΪĻôŨ̶ʮǿĻֻҪʮʱ䣡
ǣ̣
Ҳһʮ쿴û̫Ĳ𣬶ıԴ˵Ҳֻգһ۾Ѿ͹ȥˣʱԶĻǿɾԶˡ
ȷһΪһʣһԵߣһǿһˮ½ʱΪһĻǰߣһܿͻƼײ㶼пܣߣһλֻ;ѡ
һȽϣɼ֮ΣΪγ̻Ϸ˵ֻҪܼĳǿ磬ˮ½粻ҪˣҲ˿ԥ
ǿ綼˿ֲЧˣôӸ߶˵ߴأߵ磬εأ
ŷֻҪһ룬ףЩţΪξ󲿷ֶǳԸ߶˵Ľˣ˵СͿʼĵر壬˵ǱԴ֮Ũһ㣬ܱͬ꼶߿ϺüǼʮпܣ
¶޷ΪνţǴ˵ȡ
̻ԣжʱһ˿ȵȥȻԼһӣûǰּĽĿԡ
ҲΪŷ͵ǿ磬Ũ̶ܿܿСʮߴ磬ǿʮ磬ߴʮ
ŷʱһ㵣ղžѾߴȥˣȴû뵽Ȼ
Ȼ˺ˣ
˵ߴŨˮ½һٱ磬ǣһǧ
Ȳ˵ȥɣ͹˵ȥߴʮңܵΪľƽ
ȥĻǡǿҲһѣǰز˰ɣ
ǲţŷȴ֪̻ϲƭԼģҲ˵ǾԴڵģ
ŷһСᣬҲͽƽ˵ȥЩٶȿ϶ǴģҲԼ˵ƺҲû̫ô
ϾٶٿΣľͻƣʹ棬ҲȻչľΪҪĹؼ
ľôͻƵģľͻƵĻ磬ǸǬˣ
Ȼǲܵġ
ˣֵطĺôڹŷ忴Ҳľ֮󣬱ȴû̫ĽչбҪȥǸطҲȷܼͻƵʱ䡣
ȻлᣬͱΣȥǿ磬һ¶˽⣬лȥʮĸоĻŷ廹ǻȥһ˵ģϾܹΪŷ嵱Ȼǲܾˡ
ڳ̻˵ʲô⣬ŷ嵹ҲȷЩΪѣҲ֪ԼҩռЩԴʯ֧ЩõģУֻķ׬ȡԴʯˡ
˵ҩȥ˵ҩռóЩȥұԴʯⶼǿԴȡԴʯ;ֻû״֮ǰŷҲ׾óЩĸǿ߸ϣԼʵСܺǿһȥ磬Ҳ˵ǵװɣ٣Ҳһ߿ԸɵԼġ
ԣֽ׶Σŷֻе͵£˷ɳһȵԼߵ֮ʱԼ֮ʣǸʱǿߣ׷׻Լ۷̤ʯ·ǿҲؽԼ£ȫ
ڹŷЩʱǱï״οʵˣǴǰǿ磿
ӹŷĻУǶѾ˹ŷȥһȥ뷨ïʣҲû˾ȡ
ŷ΢΢ͷûֻǲ֪ˮ½ͨļǿģ
ֻһ
ïشͱˮ½Ͻƫ磬Ǹ缶͹Ļֻˮ½ѣˮ½磬Ҳֻͨһ磬磬Ҳֻͨһ磬ǵ˴Ĵ͹ĻǾǲĸ磬ȥã
ȻǿĴ͹Ļͬˮ½ͼˮ½磬޷ǰνϽƫ磬ֻȥν磬ȥЩƫ硣
ïͣ٣͵ǿĴ͹ĻȥκһС磬κһ磬ƫ磬̫࣬Ȼ޷ȥãֻͨСǰ
ŷһ˹ͺռҵĴ͹Ļһ޷Ұ½д͹Ļ̫ԶĻֻȴһξ룬ͨǸ͹Ļһξܵ
ҲΪ촫͹Ļ˵ΪԭԹŷڵΪȥҰ½촫͹ĻĻǾԿԸҰ½ģ


291 ͬȥ¹磡ϣ
ڹŷ忪ʼѯЩʱ򣬼Ѿ꣬ǸʾˣһٲԣȫӰ졣
һԵĳҲͶվŵŮ˻֣ǰϵʳﶼ£¸ļϲ裬˳ȥ
һڲˮоȻ϶ҪҪģŷȴôϲȣǸоʺԼĿζ
֮ʣֻҪϤŷˣ׼ʮϵҶΪǶ֪ŷƫľֲ裬ڣֱǲ඼ҪҰ½չһա
ҩռҶװֱԼҵԲĹĵһŷƣЩҶµмٹ
ôҶԼһ˺ȵĻҲϰ꣬пĹ⡣
ֻ΢һⲻ֪Ĳ裬ŷͷ˱ӣ̻ʵˮ½磬ͨĸ磿
ŷһ䡮ǵˮ½硯ʱó̻һϲŷ˵仰پܱˮ½磬Ѿռһλá
ҳɣ̻ѹеϲæشͬˮ½ģһΪ¹磬Ϊʢ¹ĵƷ
¹
ĵȼŷ廹֪ģΪͨҲֻܹƳһͶԴĽڷƷ
ļԴĽڵƷ
弶ģƷ
߼˼ģƷƾżģΪƷʮģΪΪϡƷ
У˷ƷĽ֮⣬ƷϵĽǿԴģȻҪĽƱԴİٱϣҲΪʲô͵ȼƬߵȼȴϡٵԭˡ
һߣܹƳƷ鱦Ѿ޶ˣƷϵģͨ˵ȻǼѵġ
ϣûи߼ĽˣŷͲö֪ˣ£ǿǣҲ֪
ŷ棬̻ϱһЦһһͷСǺɫߵĽƽͳϣָ¹÷¹İƼΪƣԱ㱻Ϊ¹
ŷ˵ͷҲûΪ̻óһ¹е棬ɢͨߣðٱ¹ͬȼĽô˵Ҳһ֮óƷΪ棬οֻһƷģ
͸΢â¹ŷȴĥţҲ֪ԼǸɽõðĽʲôģ
ڵȷ֪˽ĵȼȴΪޣ޷жϳһľ弶Ҳֻеȵӷḻˣһжϳһĵȼ
ŷȴŰٷ֮ٵĿ϶ǿĵȼƷϣ
ǣƷҲ˵
ȻһĽɢǵԼЩɵĺ⣿
¹ʵô
ŷʵ
Ȼˮ½ֻͨ¹磬ŷ嵱ȻҪȸǱߵľóֵ׼䲻˵ٷ֮ٻʲô£»Ҫһĺá
̻Ȼûκԥص¹ʵеҰɣҲԲǿ
룬ֵ̻Ľһ߽Ϊǿߣ»һ߽׳ڵߣʮߣٶߡ
߽ڣŷ΢΢ͷӵ߽ߵ磬ȷеʵˣЩӵа˽׾ŽױԴߵ磬ǶģҲô¹磬ʵȷǺǿ
ˣǰ¹Ļūһͬǰɡ˵ūʵǿٿԼΪֵһ󣡡
ïʱ򣬵ȻǲŹĵģǳϿҵ˵
ˣóȥˣֲȥɱɱֻϤϤˡ
ŷЦŰڰ֣ν磬׺ӽ磬˵ûʮױϵߣȴ˵ٷٰ֮ȫˣСһŵĻǱȽΣյģïҲҪȫࡣ
һƵصСԴһֱԼаС֣Ҳ֪ĥʲôĳɣһŷʶԼ˵ҪԼͬȥ¹磬ʱͷ˰ۣˣΪǣ
ȴû˵ʲôΪ֪ԼôܾҲ϶Լȥܿ׵ĺȳ⣬Ҳֵ̫ˡ
ԣҲֻǺݺݵصһɶЦĹŷһۣƺһСԴҲȥ
ȴƺһ˵ĸоƺͬȥ¹磬оҲͦõġ
ǲ֪Ŵʲôʱ׼ǰ
̻ҲûȥɵʵﻹǺ˵ģͿˣŷ壬ɲϹǸ竹ӿɱȵģûһӣûһΪʵǿģǱñضᾫޱȣ
ŷһ룬;ɣ׼׼һͳ
ʵҲͲҪȥ׼ʲôΪһжҩռﶼУȥʵ׼ʱ䡣
УҾȸŴ׼һЩԴʯȵ¹磬ҲԹһЩ߼ҩˣ
սŷʲôûó̻ϾΪŷǿϳ͸ǱһҲԣʵïǿһ޷ʵκΪȼ̫ͣ巢ӡ
˵׼ԴʯȥߵȼĻضǼһʣȲ˵ԼԴʯӼ֮ˮ½ĸɣ˵ˮ½ȹѹأѱν׺ӽ綼㶨һ㣬óˮ½ȫԴʯҲκԥ
룬ŷȴǰ˰֣ˣԼҲвٱԴʯ㹻ˡ
ȷҩռһʵģţʵģҲв٣ԼֲҪȥʲôҩʱ˵㹻ˡ
ŷĻ̻ϰڵļ˶һ㶣ŷǴӻҰ½ֱˮ½ģıԴʯǴģ
ѵҰҲбԴʯɣƺƫ棬Դ֮⣬ûбԴʯɣ
ŷ岻˵ǧʣҲʳңҲȥҰ֤ǿ֪𿴹ŷûһӣԵúͣһˣĳۣǾԲκģ
ǳ̻ҲͲٶԣָŷ˵˹飬ŷҲµ⣬ʱ䣬Ҳܿ͹ȥˡ
һҹҴҶת۱ǵڶ峿
ŷɣҲװ׼ǰν׺ӽĳ̻ïˣһͬ˽缶͹Ļ˵ֻˣǵΪʮױ߶ûе磬ȫûκѹ
Ƕע㣬ʲôͻأһ˵
֮ʣŷҲïһ䣬ȵͷӦ֮󣬱һ̤˴͹Ļ֮УһжѾ׼˵ĳɱ߶˴͹Ļ߲ʹâһ˵Ӱ˲ʧԭء


292 ͬȥ¹磡£
д͹Ļĸоһŷֻоǰһڣ·ܵǿǣȻ˫һתһ
һǳӴĹ㳡ˮ½Ǹ͹Ļһһշģ㳡룬һ͵ĲĽƣµ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ŷϸһ⾹Ȼһ޴¹Ȼ¹ֻǵƷôһ飬Ҳ϶ֵơ
㳡ܣҲǿտյģͷӿһòڵϰڵСּ̯ۻ֮ڶ֡
ŷ˵ĵû˵ĹעֻǳɵľյòԶ࿴˼ۣҲֻǼ۶ѣͱͷȥæԼµ顣
ɵòȻһҲֻǲһѣžǰѩʦѦǸȼŮҲôþף궼óһҲû̫Ĳ
¹רĽгûκƣ˭̯ȻҪ̯¹绹ǻҪȡһõġ
߽ŷߣϸ
ţ䣿
ŷ˵ͷЩ̯λȤص
Ϥ磬ҪܲŽϤѾǿʼϤˡ
ţ㿴ʲôˣͺ˵Ҹ򣡡
ʱ򣬵ûٺ͹ŷֱŤȻ˵
֮ǰ̻Ͼ͵͵౾Դʯȹŷ忴ʲô͸ʲôڹŷ˵ԼбԴʯ̻ϻΪǹŷŲǸӲô˵ģûе档
Լ򡣡
ŷ΢΢һЦĴؿЩ̯λͷҲûصص
һ⻰ɾͲɱ˱С죬Ϊŷ廹Ҫӣ룬µ㿴ϲĶˣʲô
˵仰ŷֱЩ̯λȥʱͬһСӣһж˺棬˿ûնɱʱĺ͹ϡ
˵Ұ½統УȷһƫƧС壬嶼Ȳϣֻһѡ
㳡Ȼ󣬿¶ȵƹƳǴСˣжôֲˣҲȻ˰˵ķֳ棬һˣҲʮϡ
ùŷľģıԴ˼СһǱ֮⣬ľȻȫǱԴߣ඼һ׵ΪıԴߣлһ֣ŷ嶼ӦǵľΪ
Թŷĵ򶼸ӦҲĽϵΪˣҲ˵㳡ڣĽΪߣǧˣ
ʲôҪ֪ܿܿСУӵĽױԴߵģСˣ·洦ɼһ㶼ϡ棡
ƺǿ˹ŷľȣڴЦҲܿܿСһĽױԴ߿ܻϡ棬ܿ£ǿȴֻмߣм߶㲻ϣҲֻЩֻױԴĵ׵һ֣ӵ߽ױԴ¹磬ȴֻһе߶ѡЩӵоŽױԴֻǵ͵ˡ
ɵĽͣŷͲɸоϵѹȻǿĽǿжʲôԼһΪУֻһߣ
ôǲǸоѹ
ɿüĹŷһۣҲش𣬾ԹԵ˵ʵҲʲôѹЩߣǾĻۣűǿģͬȵʱ䣬²κһ
ŷԶʱһЦѹԼµľûѹѹԼΪԼǰĶ
⻰Ҳûȥͣһ̯λؿ
̯Źôģ
ո߽ŷһһŹ˺ܾõŮ̯ʵ
̯һǳСӣŷͲ࣬ŷȴ֪䣬ҲԼİٱϣ˵нǧꡣ
̯ᣬ⣬ŷȴܴпһľȻһϸˡ
̯Ҳûֱ˵۸񣬶ȿ˿һ߹ĹŷԼĳɣһɣ˫۾һܿڸȥǶŹŷѺһЦȻתͷǸŮ˵ŹɣϺõϲٵ¹ɣҲõʮױԴ޵ӳָǿԴﵽٷ֮ʮ
̯㿪ʼϲؽû˵۸񣬶ؽԼйļӳɣΪټһ֣һõļ۸
ŮȻǺúŪһЦ͵ŹɣҲֻ¹ҺһʱѣȼҲֻǶģ㻰˼⹭ˣ
ٺ٣ȻˣҲͲ࿪ˡ
ŮӵƣȴûκΣٺһЦֱָĿһʱԴʯۣеĻߣ
ĿۣŮӵû˵ʲô룬㷭óĿһʱԴʯݸ꣬ٽӹվת߽ãã˺֮С
ã֪ҪʲôҪҸܽܣ
ѱԴʯպãתͷŹŷʵ
ΪߣֻһңȻǿŷʵΪģֻŷһĸСƫıߣԲһʡ
Ҳû˶ŷ壬Ϊ⿴ߵǸŮӣΪȻһĩڣԼĻߣ˵йġ
ȿ˵
ŷ΢΢һЦԼֻǼʶģ㹺ʲôҪǿʲôԼĶģŷҲ϶ֹ
УʲôкҾǣ
Ҳ⣬˵ͷٴο˳һۣ椵ǼƷҲ֪֮ɶϵҲû룬϶ǾԲ¾ǣϾôƷŮˣôܻῴһʮױߣ
˼ˣǾתȥдȥˡ
̯λϵĶǳӣʲô漰ˣҩҩġ似ȵȣһЩƷʵɵĲ豭еʵʵһӻ̯
һֱڹŷߵĳɣŷ𿴿ǸƣȴҲûдΪ֪ŷҪϤϤģҪʲôĻ̯λϵĶϣҲָŷϲ
ҩ似ʲôģŷ嶼ֱӺ˹ȥʱһƿҩֻǴƿһţ֪ʲôȼҩˣֻһƿƷȵҩѣҴζŨ̶ҩЧƺֻĶѡ
ҩŶٱԴʯ
ŷʵ뷨ּҩļǮָʲôʱԼҲڰ̯Ū㱾ԴʯˣԾȸҩ顣


293 Ʒҩѣϣ
ɻΪŷҪԼãһ죬˰ɣҩҪҸ٣ͱԩǮˡ
ŷһ⻰֪ΪԼҪˣҲûȥͣεصֻҪʲôǮˣ˵ôʲô
ɼŷϵα飬֪Լˣһ죬΢΢ףԸеĺ촽ţ˵һʱԴʯƿҩ
ôˣ
ŷʱһ㶡
ԭΪƷҩҲ̫󣬵Ҳڵ͵̶ȰҪĻԼƵƷߵҩҲ˶ٱԴʯ
ˣⲻˣ
˵ЩƷµҩһ㶼õԴ֧أƷҩ͵ģҩЧֻѣһʱԴʯƿӹ󣬲߼ϵҩЧҲȷֵۡ
ŷȻͷҪΪԼ֪Դʯļֵѣһ룬Ʒߵǿʵģһǰ˼ҩЧĻֵ֪٣
뵽ʣŷҲ˼ӲԼʵƷߵǿʵҩ󲻹󣿡
۸ҲǶô߼µҩЧҲһʱԴʯһƿ߼Լ߼ϵҩЧһƿˡ
Ҳûӹŷ࣬ҲûȥʲôȻĻش
˵꣬ƷҩǼ۸ɾ͹ˡƷϵģǴʦҩˣҩЧƷҩʦǿʮ屶ϣ۸Ҳ֮һ˵ƷҩֻЩϵ߲ãбԴʯȥˮ½磬ҲֻôϰٷݶѣֻƿʲôˣŻȥá
Ҫ˵ҩ֮Ĳ𣬹ŷͱȳ֪öˣȻǷǳףƷƷһ޴ޱȵķˮ룬˵һƷҩʦ棬ûôһƷҩʦ֣֪ҪԽˮ룬жôѡ
ֻҪһȥǿɾһ죬һˣƷҩʦģƵҩҲ㹻ʹ˶֫ЩҩЧ߼ϵģֻҪ߻һͿ԰˸ȻһľȻ
ͨ㣬ŷҲûôˮ½磬ֻаƿƷҩʲôֵˣƷҩƷ˼࣬ҲȽϡһԭҪģΪƷҩƽʱó̻õĻԵЩ˷ѡ
ϾïƷߵҩﶼѾ㹻ˣοֻǶΪĳ̻ǣ
ǣôҩˣ
дǼˣÿŷƿҩƺѯߵǸŮʲôΪҪǾæ߹ʵ
ʵҩҲкܶ߻ģ˵ЩûмκһҵɢߣǾǹҩ
ǺǣҾͲҪˣǸ豭Ұɡ
Լ̯λǰҿĿôã̯ͦ飬ûΪԼΪԼԹŷҲʹ㶫ԼĦôõġáɡ
߷Ҳ࣬߰Դô
ȻԴԴڱԴ˵Ѿûκôʱǻõġ
˵ȥ·ȥݳԷ߿Ӷһ㶼ʹԴ֧ԴңҲǱߵרûҡ
Уȥ
ŷҲϻ˦־Ͷ߸ɫԴҸǸ꣬ȻͽӹǸ豭˿ûͦ⣬ƽʱȲ赹ҲǾͷַŽҩռ֮ڡ
֪ŷԴҿ϶ǲȱģôһôֻܺȺȲıҲûʲô飬ֲҪԼǮǾʲô£
ǣǿ㻹Ҫʲô
־ͰԴŽֽ䵱УȻЦеʵ
ֽ䣬ҲڻҰ½Ƿǳϡеģ統УȫһЩ˻˼ʮˮ½ʱ򣬹ŷͿһӻרһӶѷֽģô˵ҲкüǧöҼ۸һһţΪۡ
ʱŷ룬ԼǲҪʮĴȥ͸Ұ½Щأ
ǴͷΪѾҪôͲȥһȥȫʵ˵ʱˣǸʱ򣬻ҪԼֽȥ
á
ŷ廰û˵꣬ͻȻʹԶһȻתͷȥ֪ʲôʲô¡
ŷҲûǲڴܾʲôģȻ˶ţκ˶̯ǣȴԲ£һ֣СؼǺܻܿᶪ
Ҫ֪ɲʲô˵磬˳ˣǿʳ磡ûʲôú㽲ģ㲻˳ˣɱɱû˭վ·ƽεΪȥʲô
ĲпᣬΪΪʲôʲô壬ʲôģͳͳǹƨ
ʲôóƷҩ
԰вأмʮƿɣǱ÷أ
ǻʲôȥߡ
ôһᣬ㳡˶Ź㳡ĳ˹ȥЩ˵ĻУŷҲ˽⵽˵׷ʲô£תͷһֳԭĿҲתΪ˷֮ɫԼŷ壬ǣǱƷҩأҲȥɣҲһƿҲ˵أ
ŷ˵ȴ̯Ȼһ֣Լ̯λôͳͳսԼֽ䵱УҲ˲ȥкŷˣʹһ˷ܣǱ߷ɱȥ
кЩ̯λǰģڽеĽ׶ˣ̯λǱȥ
һŷֱһĿɿڴƷҩѣбҪ𣿣
ŷȫǱӲ֪ӼδĹҩͲ֪ͨ߶ڸƷҩжôǿңˮ½ϰƿƷҩǶˮ½羭Żģ
ˮ½磬ЩΪıԴߣƽʱҲǷõƷҩѣƷģʲôҪͷŻȥá
ͨױԴҷһƷҩģرԣ͵ģȻ˵ֻЩɢ߶ѣЩߣǿɾͲ˵ˡ
߰ɣлᣬҲ˵һƿأ
˷˷ܣҲûԼʹȻԼˣȴѹŷŪˣԼɾʹˡ
ʲôƷҩѡ
ŷһŲæı飬˿ûаƷҩﵱ£ΪţֻҪԼϻʱȥŬҩʦȼôҪ˶꣬ԼһƷҩʦˣȫκѹ
ң磬ҲҩʦһЩµ˽⣬֪а˼ҩЧģƺ٣١
ҧϹŷ弸ڵĳ嶯ˣرǿǸһںģرơ
ʲôƷҩѡѵͲ֪Ʒҩﵽζʲô
˵ֻһ£ǿɾ͵Ƕһ
߰߰ɣȥɡ
ŷɺ޲óԼĿ⣬ͲεһЦ˵ͷһͬǱ˹ȥ


294 Ʒҩѣ£
ʮ˵Ĺ㳡нǱ߻۶ȥȻΪ˴֣ģ޲ϣĸˡ
Щµɢߣһ㶼ûǸʽȥƷҩģԼ£Ҳûȥ
˵ȷû˸Ҷ֣ҲһӶɣ㵱ͳȥ϶ᱻЩ˸ϡ
ͬʱһ򼷣֪ӵĳ棬ŷ忴ͲüͷʵǲԸȥ֡
ﲻܷеģ
ŷ忴˿ܣûκһ˷ɵϣͲɺʵ
ʵҲܲԸȥȥɲ֪ñ˭أǰҲǸǼģֻվû˵ĵطţأɣƷҩͳԼԵˣɣ±Щ˿ͣǳˡ
أ˹ŷ⣬ʱûصȻܷˣ˼ҵĵ̣УǾǶǵĲأҪɱģ
ŷҲûɵ׼˵ȥʱȴԶ߷˹ŷֻһӦʱ֣ԷΪԼȻһ㲨޷Ӧó
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Խ˽⣬ŷԽ׵ǶôϡУ̻˽¹ʵʱ򣬾֪¹沢ûеߴڣĽҲֻ켶ѣһĻߣΪˡ
ȻҲע⵽Ǹˣ¶ϲЦȻתͷŹŷ˵ټˣˣӦþƷҩġ
ƷҩŷûôףҲûжʣȻ֪ˡ
˵ĵϾͱڳ֪Щԭƴ漷ģҲͣȻ
ŷ˳סɷڽ͵ʱʲôöĻЩֲ̯ܷɵϣֻ¹ˣĺôǣϵĻôе˶Խнˣߵļ۸񣬶ӦģҲΪ¹
ͣŷ˹ţЩƷҩǲǾ¹óΪ˲ģ
ƺ˹ŷ뷨ҲûϣͷȷЩ磬ȷΪĸ磬ԽĻıȡҲ࣬˵ģ˵ԽĻô¹繺¹Ҳ࣬ϾƷУмѡ񣬲ֻ¹һֽſƷƷıԴ
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ȻǸ˾Լߣвٵһξ룬ŷȴɲϲȥˣ˿ҲףΪʲôЩ粻շˣȷֱڽµĸо
ﲻˬ鲻ˬŷ廹֪֮ģԼŲһΪѣԷȴǻּԼҪվͷȥӣôֻʹԼǿֻѰ·
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ֻһϸ룬˹ŷΪʲôüͷղһ˿ɱˣ벻Ȼ὾̶ȡ
Ҫ֪ЩĻϵˣҲֻѡ뿪û˭͸¶ɱģϾԷߣ
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ȻӱܣôҪִʵ裬ԼǰĶҪ𾴣ǾֻöԷ
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ԽǿܵջҲԽǿ٣ڻΪĳЩɱ˫ۡ
ΪҪǣǿˣԼ׷ҲԷǰ·;ǰԨҲ԰ܣļᶨƵȥ
ڳЩʱǸȴǳ·һ֣һʮƿƿһƮǰԭЩӵȺʱͰ֪򼴽ʼ
˵ǽʵе࣬˭ļ۸ߣ˭ġ
ʮƿƷȣҩЧΪ弶ҩߵʮƿ֮ãұʮƿǿʵ֮ãÿƿĵ׼ΪһʼʱԴʯһƿһƿȴ˵Ŀʼ
״ο˵Ե÷ǳƽŷȴܴиоһ˿ĲͷǸӣƺЩĽµ߸оܵۡ
ʮƿҩΪʲôǿʵҩһļ۸ΪƷ֮ҩñǿΪҩǲضãòһҲǰ߱ˣңڼΣʱ̣ҩԱסһ˵ĻƷϵҩֵѹһֱһǿʵҩ
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Ҫ֣Щʲô˼ѵ˵ЩִǺıԴʯ
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һ͵ڿ֣ԭѾ˼۸ģҲ͵ֲϱ任ţһ۸ͱӵʼӰ˿ʵļ۸
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ҲѼ˺۵Уղźʼʣźÿüͷƺĥŵ׸úʲô۸źʡ
ʵŷҪȥˣֻƷȣҩЧֻ弶ҩѣͲֵȥ˷Ǯ˵ʵЩҩ͸ԼԼҲȥһۣ
һ룬ֲԼıԴʯԼƺûʸȥ˼ҵ飬ңԼͻƵƷҩʦһκܳľ룬ڿ϶޷ͻƵģҲˡ
ƷȣҩЧ弶ģ۸һ㶼ĿʼʱԴʯңһʣǾûҪˡ
һæű任۵֣ҲûԼʹһ߸ŷռ
ŷ建ͷ弶ҩЧĿǮԼ˼ҩЧģӦþǰ˿鵽ʮʱԴʯˡ
˵ĵڣһ߾ͰѼ۸ʼһһʵļ۸۸һûжȥˣ˵۸Ͳˡ
Ȼûٿˣƿҩ͹ˡ
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ԣ̯λȻڳƷŷʩʩȻ߹ȥһؿ
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һ䣬һ͵Ӿ˹˫ۣȻҲǷǳɫһԶڳɺ١Ľתתȥһࡣ

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ҲţлҲñţǻƨ
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ң˿ﶯˣŷҲжٹ˼ɣΪ֪¹涨κ߲˽ﶯ֣㹻أ
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ڻ᲻ΪԼôҩЧҩ¹˸ϣŷҲǲôĵġ
Ͼ磬źü¹ͬʵǿڣֻҪԼȫ͸¶ԼҩʦˮƽͱضԸԼġ
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ΪǶǳףֻҪȵԼɳƳҩֻһС͸ǣҲһ޷棡
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һ֣պƷ˾ͳŴ͹Ļȥŷͷûأ͸ӦϵĶ۶ˣ΢΢̣¶һ˿ȻЦ⡣


299 Ҫʯͷˣ
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ƽʱͿ̯׬ȡԴʯ
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ۺٺһЦȫںɱĳɺͺƶɻû˵꣬Ϳǰ֪һźӰٶޱȣתۼӦʱ䶼ûֻءһ͸оԴһˣȻͷص˶ȥ
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ȫУͲ֪ʲô£漴žડһ죬ͷȥһϴСʯͷ˵ϣǿʯͷһ࣬һƬĺɫ
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һ뵽ͻߣ׻ĽߵĻôƾԼΪ˼һָͷģ

ЩͷֻһûκηӦһƿ֮ٶϮͷȥ̧ٴ˸ղϤĴ죬ֻоԼǱһͷײϣͲصˡ
ô˵ҲһĩΪıԴߣʵ۸࣬ʯͷҵҲֻסΡ
Ȼ⻹û꣬סεһɲǣһƿ֮𣬶ȴȫӦ˹׼Ҳһ¿յضʯͷϮ
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ȻղһĿ飬ҳȥֻ飬һ֪ȥ򣬵ʱﻹȥЩȫһĿɿڵؿһϧģĹŷ壬һ仰˵ˡ
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ƶҲѾסεԼۣȴûǸˣͳͳһŵصŹŷ壬һƬհס
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ǿߣôܻᴩȵֵ۵·أ
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301 ġӡ
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ԹŷĳǸû˿ԥ˵Ҳöվԭأ̧֣һһֻ޴ޱȵİƾڰյ۳ΣͲ˵ķӦʱ䣬Ϳֻ͵£ͷ
ȻģҲûзģһŷ̧֣֪˱ɱԼľˣ˫һݣȻƣôҾҲԲù
һ֣Ͱ׼õһҩﶪУȻԼıûʱܿģʱֻӲؿˡ
ò˵ҲһĩڵıԴߣǷӦٶ治ۿɱȵģۼҲȻûٶȿֻµʱʲôӦֻؿž£ȴ޷κζ
ȣ
һȣǿżǱҩʵʱ࣬ʱĩߵĹ£ҲԿԱˣ
۵˿Լ޷˼õﻹȥпܵĻ޲ΪԼֵһˣԸһڻң
ǣȻǵ͹˹ŷʵڻһ׳֮ǰŷɱͬΪĩΪҰҲǼ֮ѣοٽһ
һ׳ڵһڣȷûǿ٣ô˵Ҳ֮ǰǿʢһ룬һƣ޷ֱۣҲȫɺ޵ֿ֮С
䡭
ֻһը죬ֻ޴ֱǰѶ۶У˵ͬʱˣǵʵԣҲûκѹ

һѹ£ʹ;ĲҽУµſʼڣԼΪʲôҪôˡ
ûкҩԳԣر˳˵һʧ㣬Ƿǵ³ûκ⡣
ŷͲҪ۾ȥ֪۴˿̿϶Ѿһۣ࣬ȻûзʲôҽҲͬԼϣϢѾַǳ״̬һվʱпϨ
žһ̧Ȼ۸ղĵطֻʣһ⣬ϡøõ˶٣ϵĻ̯ŵմŶĵѪ·Լжϳ֮⣬ˣϲ⾹ȻԼĶӡ
ٿۣ˿ֱſ˵ϣһһַǳŤ̬Ӱֻ첲ڣҲȫѹˣȵ٣ٿҲ֮ǰ˲٣ҪǸһˣˡ
Ȼûһڣһ˫۸ǺݺݵضŹŷӰͺҪ⣬Ѫһ㣬κ˶ܴ۵صľֺ;
ŷޱ飬˫ĮԶǺȫȻ⣬ſеֻƣٴһּٶ£¡һ죬֮ɢʣµģֻһࡣ
ɱˣŷû˿Ҳûκγɾ͸Уʵߣڹŷǿ١
࣬Ҳֻǿ׳һϰˣȫûһսԡ
ҳɢȥԭˣͻ˵ϵ࣬ҲҪãͻᱻϻʲôʳС޸ˣԴ޸ԶóԣֻЩСпܳϼڣȻɷ㣬һء
ɺͺƶŮӣֶĵĳ浹ûоʲôʣǿ̫ˣֻǶ۶ԲŻûʲôо
һһߣһĩߣȻͱŷƸĳ࣬ŷȴƶûƶһ£Ǹ˴˼𺳵ġ
ҪԺһ㣬ϾͶԹŷı̬Щ׼ƶȴֱӱ𺳵һ仰˵
ȻӹŷɢУܸӦóΪңߣûͷţûó似Ҳûʩչ£Ҳİɣ
ô˵أղŵƣɵþͺֻСһ㣬ûһѶȣûһǿ


302 ӵĹŷ
ӹŷʯͷ˿ʼһֱڣҲǹȥһֶӶѣǸӦûڸ·ϡ
ƶԸС죬ûк£ʱţʱ΢ţһ˫۾ҲǵɵԲԲʱʱĶỮһ𾪹â
ɵǷǳϲƶʧ̬ģ˵ԸҲһ־ȵУֻû뵽ŷΪٴһС֮ʵô࣬Ҫ֪һߣҲֻһѣ
ƶѵһĭ˿ǰϡ࣬ٿ˿ŷ壬Ȼһη֮飬ЩҲû֮ǰȻƽ͡
֮ǰΪŷΪ£ڣŷ˼ҾȻǱԼ֪ǿȥĴ֣֪ӦòԼ庮ʲô⣬Ͷǿһ־ηҲǲɱ
㲻ýţûʲô⡣
ƶı龡ŷ۵ףȻһ۾ܿ뷨΢΢һЦ˵
ǣң֪㲻ǻˡ
ƶڹŷΪأէȻŷĻʱЩ״Ͱ͵ģһ仰˵ת
ŷȻһЦˣǾҪôˡ
ɱ˵ĻԼһĴ󻵵Ȼ˵Լǻˣ
صͦͬƶĻŷˣ˵ɱ飬ȫȻһĺǶǶԵ˶ԣ˵ǶѣǶͨͨϰգҲһȷһˡ
˵һˡ
ΪڻҰ½ѰʱԼ˵һ¼ƺ˵ĳһûԴյͨˣ˵ֱӸһԴҪ֪ͨͲһˣôܻΪȥ˷Դ
ҲһԵʱ˵㲻ʲôȥĮ˵һĺˡ
٣ԼûмĸУĸǿߣȥͨ˵ġ
㣬㲻Ҫģ԰ɣ
ʱ򣬺ƶȻԹŷΪôܻԼʲôķ
£һĵƷ鱦ķ۰ɣ
ԣ֪ŷԼ庮磬϶ǻͼġ
ʱ򣬹ŷȻǲȥʲôˡ
ȻҲɵȥ˵ǿʯͷܵģ˵ʯͷ庮ģֲ˵庮ĶͱضǵģңŷоʯͷĶضԣûиʵĵ
ţұȽϲ棬Ĵѡ
Ȼɺǣǿƶȴʵ벻ŷ廹ʲôͼ档
˵ǿԼӣ
ôܣгôһεεĴߣٿĿʼնô峺ôܻῴԼӹ֬׷ۣ
˵Ҫռ庮磿
Ǿ͸ӲˣʵҪռҲǰռԴȽϷḻС磬Լ庮磬ôƶ񤣬οϣ
룬ʵ벻ŷ嵽ΪʲôµظԼ庮ģ֮£Ҳֻܽˡ
ǺðɣֻҪ˲庮磬ô䣬ô䣡
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֪ŷʵʵǾ䡮ŷ塯ôҲвˣֱԴơ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷ˵أȻ͸ӦԶһĲٳ߷ٸ֪ӦĽˡ
ŷ̧ͷԶȥƶͳҲ̧ͷ˹ȥΪ˵һ޼ʵĴԭǵܹԼԶǸڵģǸڵ㣬Ҳ𽥷Ŵ󣬲һ˶ؿ˵ģˡ
ŷͳɿǸӰǲһ㶣û뵽ĽȻҲһŮߣòȺƶҪÿ࣬Ҳֻȳɲһѡ
ƶˣæͳǱ߻˻֣ȻתͷŹŷ˵ǽĽ
ŷЦŵͷͲµ˵ݡ
Զĩߵķٶȣֻʮѣ˾Ѿɵ˼ǰȻ
Ǻؿ˿ŷͳɣڹŷ壬ûôע⣬ǳɵľòɶ࿴˺üۣһ˿֮ɫ֪ˣӦþǷƶ˵Ĺ˿ˣֻû뵽ôһĵŮˡ
Ҳûп̫ãϾҲһòڳɶٵŮӣһͲɻضźƶʵƶ˵Ҳأˣ
ת崺͸оһ֪ӦַǳŮӡ
Ȼᣬֻ˻ѵʱܲŻ֣Ե˵ʱ򣬹ŷţҲԲ
ȻҲˡ
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ƶŬŬ죬ָָָܷܷԶ࣬Ȼ˵
˲ɻسźƶָķ˹ȥû˰һͷȴǵϣȻ̱ϡõ࣡
ʱһͷӦ˹ʵ㣬˵ͣҲߣ
ɲȣƶĴ˵ߣһŶĩڵΪģ
ôͱ̱ˣ
⣬ô£
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ǸԼҲ޷ӦõǿߣһƽĴԭϣ۾Ҳܹõİ
ѵǸɱ֮ˣ˭
һ˼⣬׸ղôһᣬ׷ʲô顣
̱ˣǲǹŷǸŮɱ붼û
Լ켶ģҿ϶ߣԲİŮɱģ
һȵػĴѰߣƶͲ¶һ˿Ц½㣬㲻ˣɱߵˣ
ƶĻ½Ůӣʱһתͷ˿ŷ壬ȻͲͣתһĳϣüͷҡҡͷоԲŮɱġ
ǣߵʵǷƶǰǿ
ƶߣǲǶֻһΪ
½תͷٴʵ
ߵʵֻһ׵ĻôпǱǸһĩΪŮɱˣҲֻͣŸоһ㡣
Ц죬һαĹŷ壬Ҫǽҧź촽Ц
벻벻Ҳб˺ӵһ죡ߣ㻹ţ
ƶͬҲһΣҡͷǣһȷŶĩΪ
Ȼ󲻵½˵һָŷ壬˵½㣬ɱģһǿߡ
ɲ½ӹŷˣȻݵദоŷ廹ͦͦģûһֵļӣϾû˭֪Ǹʲô˰
ҪһزģһŮӣָͻᷢأ
ҪǷ˻𣬿ɲ֪ɶԸϽ˵ʵ顣
½źƶָ򣬿һ΢ЦĹŷ壬ٴ͡


303 ùã
һߣ
½ڿʼ˹ŷ壬Խ𾪾Խǿҡ
ӸӦУ䣬ƺһꣿ
һߣ
Ϊ׵ĻôԼ켶޷Ӧ˵ٶ켶ģ
ǣ
½㲻ȥˣһߣѾǺŵ飬򣬻켶ϵĻôԡ
ţ
ǣǾУ¶˿ɱ˰ɣ
٣δ˵У˭䲻һ꣬Ϊģ
Ǹ˲֪˲ǿƺҲûô̬
һ룬־Ҳ̫ʵˣô׾ϵģһ̬ţ
ǻĻôΪһףǶףƺҲԼܹӦģֻҪǿ似ҲôɱͨĶĩߣͲʲô˲õ¡
һ룬½ﵹǳͨ˲٣ԼղţǼˣΪԼΪӦΪ
ˣҲһˣΪֻһףһ꣬͵һΪҲֶٶ궼ӽӡ
ò˵½㻹ǷǳģôһᣬͰѹŷʵΪ˸˾ŲʮЩ࣬Ҳû̫档
ŷʵΪ½ҲûôˣȻһЦ紺ʢĻ䣬˼ˡ
ȷŷǹ˿͵ĻôΪһȷбΣ˵Ҳͻأ
ǺǣûʲôǸ鷳ˣҶġ
ŷʼձһĵȻƽĿע½㣬΢Ц˵
½㱻ŷţոտʼûоʲôʱһã͸оһڣ˵ʲôԭ򣬺Լǵһαעӣôڵİ
ҲûֹŷǲǲòΪ˫۾Уûпֳࡣ֮ɫеֻǳĺ
Ȼ֪ŷʵñԼҲһ˻
ǧ˵Ȼ庮磬ôǵĿˣ˵İȫǵȻҲΡ
½һЦ΢΢Դܿ˹ŷرԵﲻ֪ôģͨͨ
ŷȻ΢Цȴɻ
ΪӸո½㵽ʱ򣬹ŷ͸оģƺЩϤ벻Լ￴һ룬ԼŲո磬Ҳ档
ԽɣȴԽݺ죬ùŷΪˣ˰죬ȴ벻Լʲôʱ
ƶȲ˵⼸λĵƷ鱦İɣ
½תͷźƶ˵ôһ䣬ֲ˵ͻͷŹŷͳȻЦλˣȻҪĵƷ鱦ôҾɣ͵˵ˡ
Ȼ֪ԹŷΪһͿһƷ鱦һģ˵Ǵȥ͸Լ˵أ½㵹ûΪŷ廹ʲôͼ
˵ʲôȫͲôһ˼Ǻ͹ŷһ˿ύ֮ģôһţԺ˵ܳΪֳأȵΪǿ֮ȥύɾûʲôˡ
ȻĵƷ鱦϶ǽύһʲôģǣ庮籾ö죬ֻĵƷ鱦Ҳ㹻һأ
ŷ΢Цҡͷɻû˵ɾȿڵˣֻĶѣġ
ղŹŷô˼ҿóһ󲻵þˣֱҧ޲ðѹŷӶڳ
ɵĻ½Ҳûʲô⣬ҲûʲôһЦݣͷ˵Ȼˣ⼸죬ΰɣ˵庮Ƿ羰ȴҲĽ
ˣǽôæô˼ǵأǾˡ
һڻؾôһᣬŷ嶼㱻ӸɳˣҪȥΣʱʱ̶̿ڹŷߣǹŷǵóˣ
£Բ
ǺǣǺðɣٵдλúóһΣ
˼Ҷô˵ˣȻ޷˵ʲôؾԷ۽⿴˿ŷ壬Ȼ˼Ҵ۾գһµģ޲úݺһţйͷ֮ޣ
ƶʵҲɻ󣬹ŷΪʲô½㣬ҲǶ½˼ôôûòأ
½㼴Ըᣬ֪ŷﲢûгࡣĶԼ֮󣬾һֱţҲﲻЩ⣬üȴҲû˵
ι˵㿴ûӶˣ
̲סˣúġ
ʵŷ岢һֱڿ½㣬˼Ϊʲô½òô죬ûעԼʵһֱ˼ҿģԾôһ档
ȻŷһȻһ˵ӰҲ˲ɵĴæ½ʵʲô֣
⻰һϹŷǼģŮΪŷ濴˼½ˣСֽգҧͻȻӿһί
Ҳ֪ԼΪλίһֺĸо棬Ǹоίһ
ҪǱԴߵľǿҪ˿ǽҧűݣҪ֪ŷӦòִɫǣܾܿѾ޳ˡ
ƶҲüͷԹŷӡõģȴʼ
ŮӺϣûһͶ˼ŮĿȻֱ˵һе˼ҽʲôֵģ
½ð˻𣬿־ã˼ƺԼҲûʲôԼûҽܣԵЩأ
ҲһֱԼȻһＱģŻ˾ɣ
ŷһ˵ģﻹ᲻뷨
ʱû˼ȥʲôٴο½ʵǲѦ
ղţŷкȻӰԼʦѦ̡
֪ΪʲôԼˣֹòѦн߳ƵĵطʣʦѦ̼
Ҫ֪ԼʦʦֻǸ쵰ôһŮĻŷỳǲǾʦŮˣ
òʣƳ̶ȣ߳ɣ
һŷĻ˳ЩãȻ֮⣬ƶ½㣬ǲŴ̺С죬Źŷ壬һĿɿڴһ󲻸š
ô֪Լյģ
½ĲţתͷȴƶҲһãȻ޷ŵҡҡͷȻ˵ģ͸вˡ
˭ô֪ҵյģ
½ʱ;Ǻƶ˵ģôŷĻԵ൱ˡ
ѵ˵ǡˣ
ôˣҲԼĸ׺ĸ׶ˣ⣬滹Ͼɱ
һ뵽½ȼܴԭɲǲת֮ı޾ıԼɱ⡣
ͬŷϣѣˣŻ¶Լ񣬵ԵˣһĺŮˣ
½۵׵ɱ⣬ٸоԽۺƣȻ֪׷ʲôʲô飬֪ŷ֪˼ҹյģ˿̣ȥЩ̾ͳԼͷųڵʱ˴ɱ׼
ҲղԼúίһ޲öһʺһ˭ǳǴԼʬ̤ȥУ
ʲôʱ򣬲ʲô飬캦ɥٶԲԼԼί£ԼᶨƵվߣԼһȥ֧
£⵽˵
£ǰٲԨ
Լ޷ˣԹ޻ڡ
ΪҰ
ƶһǰʽԣҲæͳԼ˵Թŷ壬ﲻЩڣɲôԼҲվ½ߡ
ŷһŮƣͲһЦæ˻֣˵ͣͣǲôš
ȻϾ¶һ˿ԵЦ⣬½˵İɣûж⡣
½㶣ŷȷûһɱ¶֪Ӧûжģǣô֪Լյأ
ŷ½ȻûзɶԼľ裬Ϳ˿ƶȻҲ˼ĸܣֱָӶ½ʵܰٷ֮𣿡
½һ˹ŷ廰˼ûκԥ͵ͷԣ
½˿϶ŷҲٷϻֻ˵һ仰ҵʦ
ĸ
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أǱ˵һ仰ˡ
һԵĳɺͺƶȴãȻãȻȻ£˲֪˲ϾѾȥǧˣָ߶ȵϢҲû̫ӴҲֻż˵ѣԲ֪˭
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ŷ֪½ҲʣҲܻƶͳɣͿЦҵȷͽܣֻǽµĴУųΪͽܵġ
Уʲôʱ´ˣ
½üͷо͸аѾȥǧˣҲû˵¹ʲôеģôͻȻðһͽأ
ʦǰѴҩڡңҩϿɣõʦĴС
ҩ
أ½ڿʼ˹ŷĻΪһˣ޷֪ҩĴڵģҲֻЩվ綥˵Ż֪ôһ˶Ϊ֮ҩ
ֻǳµľ֮սҩͳʧ˵ҰУ֪䡣
죬ȴðһԳ˵ˣȻõҩϿɣ
˵ϣǼ˶ڣ
½ͣһֱûк£ٴβŵ˵ҩó
ŷȴһЦҡҡͷ
˵ûܿƶҩԼҪܣ˵˵Ҳ͵ˣҪóôܣ
Ȼȵ˽½ʦѦ̵ĹϵһҩҲûʲôˣֻǵʱֻñܿƶһ˱ˣɣԼ
ŷҡͷ½ʱͷӦ˹ԼóҩȷǺܲʣңҲףŷ壬ڵԼ˵Ѧ֮Ĺϵ
˿վڹŷߵĳɣ֪ŷܹ˵ղŵЩȻŮֵεģҲͲٶ˵һ̾¶һ˿廳
ʵҲûмùãⶼҰְָ˵ġ


304 еĳ
ùã
ŷһ֪еĹùãӦþʦѦˡ
Ȼ½˵֣ԼѦ֮ʵϵ
ҵİְ֣ҹùѦ̵׵ܵܣҵ֣Ѧ¡
Ѧ´ʱѾȫΪѾܹ϶ŷ˵ӦòǼٵģԼǸøĵӣ
Ǹ쵰ҪɱԼĻĺݣ϶£ҲԲЩˣΪԼʲô֪˵Լͺ޼ֵ
ԣһĻǹŷݣܿġ
ֻΨһЩֵǣø͹ùãѾȥǧˣһԼܴԼòУùõһЩӰӵģ
ѵȥҩַҲùú͹ø𣿣
һ뵽ʱͼǼҩַʲô뵽֪ҩַĻԼҲȥһùú͹øˣ
Ҳùú͹øܾԼϵΨһܱסİɣ
Լĸףĸף
һ뵽Լĸ׺ĸףŭͱߣǸ쵰Ǹ쵰ɱԼĸ׺ĸףԼڹ¶һˣϣûκһˣ
ŷ΢΢񣬶ѦͻȻðıߺɱ⣬Щԣ֪ĳЩʹɡ
ȻʦֶŮڡ
ŷ廰ûʳڣѦ¾֪ҪʲôȫȻڣһҧгݣɱڵģ֪ҪʲôͲҵˣ
˵˵ţһ˫˱ŭĶ˫ֹסػһӨ飬֪˿жô졣
ŷ忴ģ彣üҵֻӣܲµʦʦڻҰ½ұضʲôʲôޱ䡣
ޱ䣬ҲضǸ쵰йأ
˺üѦ²ƽϾѾȥôãĺȻûмˣΪʱĳԽԽŨҲܺܺõĿԼˡ
ʣ㣬ǲ֪ø͹ùǵģ
أѦٿŷĿ⣬࣬Ϊֻ֪ҪŷǹøĵӵĻô;ԲڽվǷվԼߡ
һıСˣ֪֮ȥʸĻǸ쵰ҲضģԥİҩջȥȻɱ
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ŷҲûֻѦ¸ղŵ飬֪˵һжǼٻҲףѦ¾֪ԼҩҩַбҲԲ˶Լ
Ƿıʹ࣬ôҲ޷ٵģ˵´ҴȥʦʦȥɣڻС
ʦʦҲȫúܣǰʣٷϸ꣬ҲƸòˣȥȥһڣȸԴʦȥ֮ҵ׷˺εȾޱ䡣
ããܵȶöУ
Ѧ˫۶ʱһԴߵޣʲôʱȥУ
һܣѦ¾һЦô˵ǲǾͿԽܵˣ
԰ɣʦĵӣ㸸ͬģҪ˵ָýһأ
ŷһЦҲȷˣ水ĻѦ»ԼֶŮ
ȻҲֻǿЦģҪ˼ȥԼ壬ԼŲʮѣһʮŮӽ塭
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Ѧһŷ⻰ʱ;˵Լȹŷǡ
ǹøĵӵĻԼýһ壡
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ѦѹеĸоŷĿΪͣЦ
У߰ɡ
ŷͷǸʯͷܣѾ˲ˣԼ󣬵һοܽӴҵʱҲؽԼΪʦʦﱨѩ޵ĵһʲô飬Ҫ
ңڹŷҲû˶ʯͷ뷨ʦʦֶŮǾԼˣԼˣ϶ǲʲôġ
˿һۣŷ嵹ҲûЦ˷һʱˡ
ɵȻͷӦŷӣ֪ǽҪ˵ӦöҪʱȻȥܾ
ң֪ŷǰ㶢˼ҿԭϳ˶Էίͱȥצ۹ʵҲŷһЩ飬Թŷ壬һֱǺúأ
ҲڻҰ½ʱһЩôܺ͹ŷ׿ڽأЩ£ǲ֪ġ
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һɳԭŷͿһˮ½ˮ³ǲµһ޴ǳؽǰУУΪ֡
ǳĵطҲǳص㣬ΪڿУĿֺܱ̬ǳصܵľܾ۵ס
ǳصĶǸոԼ˷ɳĲԭ
ϷȴһƬԣʱʱĶɹȺӵˮҲʱһԵ
ǲͬһɽֻΰ׳ۣ֪ƬɽԼǰκһɽС
ȴľȻͬȻһƬʯĵأĴ鲼ŸСĴʯҲɰûһֲУҲûʲôԴޣԵúЩ
ŷشǳܣѦҲûдȵ֮󣬲Цȥɣȥҵסúÿλţ
ܱøҩͬܵõøĴУŷʺԣǻö˵
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305 ѣǹ뷿
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˵ŷǱ̬ǱǿܹܵĻôȻ˵һҩʦһˡ
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Ȼۡǰҹ󿪴ţҲû˭ҴȥǻòͷˣѰ·
ۡǴ󣬵ȴһ㶼ݻΧǽʲôģȫͨĳʯɣֲĻݲݣҲֻӺÿֲͨƺߵֲҲֻһƷҩݶѣԵüؼࡣ
ŷȴϲĻһţǽ̻Ի͵ݻϢôðؼ࣬Ȼġ
⸮ۡ
˽º󣬹ŷ忴һᣬԶһԵѦ޵
Ȼû˱Ƕҩ죬ȴǻ󣬿˴Ȼŷֻһۣϲۡ
ţҶܲô⣬ҸȻϢ
ѦµҲǫ飬ָŸۡɫֲͨЦЩݣҲԼֲģûµʱʱȫ԰ϡ
ŷͷ΢ЦͦõģܣǱȴʵҪöˡ٣ΪȻǵľҲвٰ
ľҲ˵þĥѲпȻҲһܹľġ
ȻҪַȻǾͱӵһֹˮģĲļųޡɱ¾޾ܹƽľȥԼ뵽Ȼȥأ
ԣַľ֮٣ҲֻЩƺ쳾ߣŻַɣ

ŷ̧ۿ˿һЦݵѦ£ҲֻΪ˵еĳޣΪԼľŻԼסӵİɣ
ҲͦϲأҵסһƬݻֲֲﶼһҩģûһͨĻݡ
ȻҲͦϲģ߿ƣժһ䲻֪Ļ䣬õӨıǼţϣųͬŮĴЦա
ȻϲͻȥѸ£ͨ洦ɼ
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ŷȴǸҲоһЦһʱԼôôˣ
񣬲ߵͬСʿģͻƵá

˵ĵڣѾ߽ۡĴţһˣЩ·ѾǾæضѦ½һȻֶԺƶһ漴ͶشŹŷͳλİˣ֪ͺƶʲôϵ
رǹŷ壬ǿ࣬ǵһԿ˵İɣ
ȥ׼һ˰ɡ
ѦµͷѾߣһЦݣûһԴԱʱָһȵ̬
ǼѾ߷Ը꣬ѦתͷЦЦ˻׼һʱ䣬ûʲôزϣǲҪ


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ʳŷûôིҲȷ˵ǴͷԵùߣ
Լǹż۵Ƕʱ첻ͷեˣǰϡһʳθֻҪܳԣɽ亣ζͨʳӡ
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ŷֻоԼһģ˵ʱʪȵϢֱԼĶ׵У飬һַǳصĸо
û˵ɾͼ˵ǵȥҾͰŴͷԣܲܳԵùߣ
ŷεǼ⣬ƺͳһ𣬲ֹԼʱСӣǳɣҲ㡣
˵ǣһ𣬻ɡ
ſھõҲԶһ·ϣŷ忴ܵ龰Խϲط
ضĹ滮߶Ǹֻ䣬ҲʯͷʲôӲװȫֲŻݵأ棬ӲǼ⻹ʱŵһζƺҪݻԴë̺Ҫһ㡣
˵Ǹۡŷȴﻹ˵һ԰סÿ峿ܿôһûһʲȾʱһãƽ١
һΣ˾ҲܴƷڷҲһض࣬һĿĸо
룬һŲӣӣƺҲֻ˶ѣȻδӴʲôˣƽʱҲѦºͺƶòͶѡ
ϻ˵ŷͲʲôѦȥ룬һƨɾϣȻ󻹷óһڵ裬ԼǰոһŮĲˮһۡ
ΪѦºͺƶһ㶣ҲûΪʲôòʵ
ûذһۣˣȴǲܵԼˣ
һڲˮŮҲȻ󲻵ȹŷȿڣɾȲʵŷ壬˵˵ʲôȼҩʦ
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ŷҲ֪ѦܰѺƶƶӦֵεģֱ˵Ʒߵȡ
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⻰һողŰѱвˮȽ׼ɤӵĺƶֱӾͰڲˮ˳ˮղ඼鼰ˣʱȴûʱȥЩ
ŮضŹŷ忴˵֮ǰͶԹŷı̬Щ˿һƷߵȡĸ֣ԴȴٴһƬհס
֪ŷҩʦȼƷѦ£ҲһĿɿڴ
ƷƷֻһƷѣеĲ࣬ȫһ죬һء
Ҫ֪統У֪жҩʦƷƷ֮ŵͻƵģŷ壬̶̰߹Ҫʮп߹·ңǴƷߵȣ
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ϣڵɣȻԼҲûץʦʦǰϸǧ꼸ˣ
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ɺͺƶͬʱһ͵ĶϾ䶼һģһ
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Ҳǵ𺳱飬ŷͷǳɴ˵ԼĹ£Լǹżۿʼ
Ȼڶʡ˹ȥ˵ΣԼЩԹʲôģЩûҪȥ˵
ֻҪ˵˵ԼεõҩνʦĴУͨУôҵҩַľˡ
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žȻͻƵԴߵĵ죬˳ɣȻͺͳˮ½磬֮
ŷΪԼúܼˣˣҲŮоеļۣҲףԭϣûвͶţֻǷϵķ
ŷĥ£ͨɣǴδζԵǻΪ޷ô졣
Ҳ񣬻ֻһ߽ףױҲ˵
Ϊţҩٶ࣬ܳ޷ܵŬôҲֻǱͨÿһѡ
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ԣ츳һ棬ǣǹŷûûҹ޷ܵļįÿβ㣬ϢļͣͬҲ죡
˵ĥ£ǹŷΪһĥµĻôҧܼįܼȵͷζҩʦһĥ¡
˵ϣûţֻвŬӹţ


307 £ϣ
һ˫ĵؿһ΢ЦĹŷ壬ͻȻӿһ˵ĸо
ƺĵ֮⣬Ҳû롣
Ϊŷ˱ֻ̬Ŭټ츳˵ġ
ȴ룬ǳôѪн㾪˳ɾ͵ġ
ʼƽĸգɺȻϧ̩ɽѹ治ɫƽ͵ȻǾ˶ٴηĴӵеأ
벻㾹ȻƷߵȣһǵ͹ˡ
Ѧ²ɿЦ߹ƣŷҲƷƷ֮ѣȴ룬Լǹ
ŷ壬ƵҩҩЧǶټģ
Ѧڶȥˣ¹ŷֻһˣֱΣֱӿʵ
Ѧµ⣬ɺͺƶҲæŹŷ壬˵ҩЧ϶ǲҩʦȼҪģҩЧĸߵͣҲһҩ츳εġ
˵ҩʦȼҪŬܹĻôҩҩЧ͵츳ߵˡ
ҲҲֻҩҩЧҪҩ츳ˡ
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ãҸ˵Ҳ˵ˣ˵˵ҵɣ֪ʦʦߺҵ׷ľޱ䡣
ŷһڲ裬ɤӣȻ̧ͷѦʵ
ŷ忪ʼѯ£ɺͺƶǻʹŷģҲɶĵףǿóŷǸʲôҵ飬ǳӡ
ȵȡң
͵أɺͺƶͬʱ뵽ʲôٴαԼ뵽ľ˵һƬҡ
ҲǲϤҪ˵ҵĻֻҪˣûв֪ģ
ǿӵǬߵ簡ô֪ܲ
˵Уƺڶһ࣬ѵŷǸʦҵˣ
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Ѧ֮ǰĻƺԭҲҵˣ
ѵΪĹùùøȥԼҵ
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ЩͷڳɺͺƶԺвţĿҲæѦ£ȻЩ£Ҳͬļġ
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ŷûԥͷص֪Ǹ쵰ӸݺȻͱһЩ߸Χɱġ
Ȼ󲻵Ѧ¼ʲôŷİɣͬһߡ
ŷЩѦеĴʯͳ׵ٳɣų뱯ߡ
ߣԴӹøùñǸ쵰ϼݺ֮ҾͳױƿˣϾǬߣǸʱҵҲ֪øùǱӸģԾ˼֮λ
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κΣҵʱǿߣû˭Եֵסκθҷģûһӵùȫɱˣ
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ҵʱ˵ֻҪҵȫôͿԷһһ·Ҹڱ֮£ֻȫ˵
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Ѧ»û˵ȴһЦ˵ȥ¹֪һж󣿾ңҲֻͻƵԴʱȥһΣǴξͻ˺üƿƷҩǮ
ѦºͺƶҲΣҲȥǣ庮ĲƲҲһģ
ҲףֻҪµʱ䣬ǣҪǴӱ쵱庮óһȥ庮绹첻ˣ
һҪٱԴʯ
ŷҲûż˵ԼӵмһʺͶʱԴʯ飬ʵ
һ죬ҪʱԴʯԼɣ
ŷ˵ͷһţʮʮţҲ˵һ£ҪſĲʱԴʯ
ſĲʱԴʯȷЩˡ
һĲʱԴʯ͵ʮʣһٿŶʣһǧһʣһ¼ǽһʱԴʯԼҩռܹҲôһʶʵģһĻ࣬Ҳֻĸµġ
ĸ£ԼҪͻƵڣܾҪˣټѦµǼ£ԼǼһʱԴʯǲ
취ˡ
ɣûʲô԰ȫĳһЩȽ۵Ʒģ
ɡеΪȻҲǵһŷԼ֣Ҫ֪Լ׽˲Żеѽ
ͺ
ڹŷ˵İȫҲʲô˼ǲᱻ˵ϵĳƷĵطֵط٣źÿüͷ˰죬Ҳûֵط
Ǻƶæ˵ҵ֪һطԳۣչļ۸طɣһûԸȥ
ƶ̯ⷽ飬ȻҪʲôܵĳǿֻǣɵļ۸ȴȷһ˿Խܵ˵ġ
ȷ˵һʲôƷһһʱԴʯĻôۣͻǧţɾԲһСĿҲֻŷûиǿʵ˵ϵ˲Żεѡֵطۡ
ŷҲĸΣɺԼҩռЩǼģҲ࣬Ҳôۣǵͷǵطɿ𣿡
ƶҲؾͻصԿɿ˭ʲôƷᱻй¶һݳȥҲͬĶǴģȻҲ۳ɵķˡ
ŷĬһᣬĻǻǿԵģԼĵģԼ۵Щ˸ϣϾֶëУԼǿģ̫̫ࡣ
ŷ壬׼ۡ
һߵѦŷͶʱҪʲôˣһٹҩַ۵ģҲضЩʲôˡ
ܹμǳսߣҲٶױԴ඼߽װ˽׾Žߣӵе˵඼ֵȼˣ
Ļոԣ˵ȥ¹һ£ǾȫûκˣյЩֻҪ۳ȥ˵ȥʲô¹ˣȥߴҲȫǸģ
ûһЩԵͼŪ㱾Դʯ
ŷûзϣͷ˵
ҩռЩȥȥһٱѾͳȥʮĻӵ߰ٶҡ
У߼Ϊ࣬٣Ȼǰ˼ģ弶ģٵľżԴ
ʮҲмҲǹŷϺν˫ѥӣϵǼףεҲһǰ˼ģεǱһʮȻʮͻףȫսˡ
ЩҩռﻹˣֻܷıԴŷЩ˼ҾҪҲ˶ٱԴʯչԺ˵óԹŷûЩһѷȥ
γۣŷһЩ弶˵ƶĵ˵Ǹط԰ȫԱܣɹŷȴΪϣûо԰ȫ뱣ܵĵطǱܣΪ滹Υԭ
ҪԼһӾó߼ۣŷɲұ֤Ǹط˲ĶûоԵԱǰŷɲððʧʧĳֵͼ󣬷ֻЩ弶ҲӦÿԻȡ㹻ıԴʯˡ
Ҫʲôȼѽ
ڹŷղŵĽУƶͳɣҲ֪ǳսȻҲܲµǳս϶ıҲûΪж٣ҲûΪЩļжߡ
ҲΪŷ岢ûнöôϸԭֻǼ˶ѣȻҪ֪ǳսȻǾ£ҲȻѰҵҩַĻǿɾͲ֪ầʲô̶ˡ
˵Ƕ֪ҩַȴҲĶЩʲôˣֻ֪һҩ񡯵ˣ֪ҩ񣬾ǹŷʦҲ֪ŷ˵ǳսҩַ
ʵ֪ⳡսԭίҲ࣬ҩַйأЩѰҵģҲֻһЩ÷ǳ׾ݣѰһ߶ѣҩַȥﶼ˭ֻ
˭ڹһ㣬ҲʦʦǸ쵰ӣֻˣЩѾҪ
ҪǣҩַıѾԼ
弶ʮҡ
ŷЦôٱԴʯ
ŷ岢ۼۣ룬ӦҲˣ弶ҲеˣôĻ㹻Լһʱ˰ɣ
ֹǲ٣ŷ⻰һɺͺƶ˲ʹˣѦ¶Щ
ǳսѦȻûۿ룬ǳսҵ˺̶ֳȣһּսܹʣµҲӦòжˡ
ȴ룬弶Ȼʮ֪Ҳ׼ֻ㶣ƽ
ɳɺͺƶȴŴ˵С죬ɴ˴۾һ͡
ǶѾǲǵڼ¶ֱˣΪڹŷⷬը£Ӧǿ˺ܶģڣȴȻ̲ס𺳡
弶ҲֻеǶļûе˵Ƿǳߵˡ
ղţʲô
ʮŷ壬Ȼӵʮ
ûиǣǿ弶Դɲ弶


312 Ů
ǣǵʲôĴսѽ
ڳҲɿʼǳսϹŷǳսĹģ˵û˵ԷʲôʵŷʦһǬˣЩˣҲɣ
ĻȹģĴսӦöҲһЩˣҪԼԼҲ֪ôһսڹɣ
ܣ֪֪
ŷû˵Ѧ¾ŷ˵˳ǳսӦ˳ҩַ
ɺͺƶֻоԼԴһԺ
ҩַ
ǣǾȻѰҵҩַ
˵ŷʦҩ񿩣
ҲǲҩʲôҩʦǣܱΪҩģǻܲˣ
㡭
ɶ֪ôȥݹŷˣֲ˱̬ԭôһ̬ʦ
ҩ
ǡҲһƷҩʦɣ
šƷ
ɲȥ
ڣ֪˹ŷԭôһ̬ʦ󣬶ڹŷӵ츳ҲͲôеˡ
ʦһƷҩʦһǬߣյͽܣܲ
Ȳ˵˰ɣƶȹһ£ʮԵõٱԴʯ
ŷûȥɺͺƶ˵𾪣ƶʵ
ŷĻʱͰһŽĺƶʵ˺üȥЩľƽ֮󣬾͵ҪЩ𻵳̶ˣصĻҲֻ֮ܽ󣬲õĲֵǮˡ
ںƶǳսô˵ЩҲӦûһЩģԲŻһ˵
Ϊó뷨ȥ˼ģһսҲȷٻЩ𣬿ǣǸսɱɱ
ҪôֵĹʹױϡ
ҪôӦӦͱɱˣȻҲκ𻵡
ʮȫģѪã
Щ棬һ޷ѪļԴģҲֻ࣬ʮѣŷ֪϶ȼͣ־Ͷʦɷȥš
ȫã
ƶͷľҲоκ𾪣㶼û㣬ѿڶһ弶Դļ۸һʱԴʯʮʮſ
ôࣿ
ŷЩˣҪ֪ԼϿڳǼűԴʯܹһʱԴʯģ벻һ弶Դ൱ԼȫԴʯˣ
ԼΪ⼸űԴʯӦòٵģ벻ȴһ弶
룬ŷʱ򶼲ɸоЩԼ͸սʦǵЩԴЩԼˣȫ͸ǣŷҲκԥ
۵ģԼʱ֪ļֵһ˳۵ģһЩռҵģԼͺüһ룬ԼҪװͷ
Ҫ͵Ļ͸һЩҩҲа£ЩҲϲҩһɣ
ʧߣЩͳȥ棬ǲкЩ߼أ
ȻŷҲֻĵѣҩ֮󣬲ʲôʱ򣬾ʹδΪ鵣ǹ
ԼֻһƷߵҩʦŷȴгţֻҪʱ䣬Ҫ꣬ԼܹͻƵƷ
꣬ԱԴ˵գۼԼܹƷҩˣʱ򣬻»ûǮ
ŷ壬Ĵóֵȼ𣿡
Ѧüüͷûб˼뵽ŷȻҪ齨ԼôҪ߼룬ǾͿ϶ҪóһЩöġ
֪ŷضи߼ıԴܲóּ߼ɣ
ǷǳֵεģֻԼūͣû˻ɵȥ¡
ŷȻ֪Ѧµ뷨û£⻹м
Ѧ¾͵ͷٶ˵ˡ
ó弶Щ룬Ҳֻóѣ˭᱿ȫó߼밡
£û߼룬һĹɣ
ŷ壬ھҪȥ𣿡
ƶﶼ⣬ʮʱԴʯǿɾʱԴʯ
ԼƺδʱԴʯģأ
Ȳȥðɡ
ŷҡҡͷǹʯͷ黹ûŪأңҲȷ
˵꣬һ֣һһͳϣǹŷɺͺƶġ
Ѧ£ŷ֪϶и߼Ȼϳң϶еģԾûи׼
ʲô㣬Ҫ͸ǣ
ƶʱŴ죬⣬ǰ˼֪ļ۸𣿡
˵ƶ˫۾ȴǽǰĳȻǳϲ
Ҳ񣬲ȴû˵ʲôֱӾǰȻҧƾӨָһ̺Ѫ͵У˲
֪ŷԸͳĶͲջȥģҪǣǹŷ͸Լĵһء
ǡɡ
°ɣԺ齨׳һ˼ҲǾͿˡ
ŷڰ֣΢Ц˵
ƶŷ˵û˵ˣһЦŨŨ˷ܣȻȲҧԼָǱѪ
벻ҺƶȻҲӵһ˼
һԭԵúĵĺƶȻͺ˼ɵЦֳһЦһ߶ԼĴãȫȻûһȲŵģһŮˡ
ŷεӣ֪ƶȷǸˣҲûдĴЦٴһ֣óǿֵʯͷ
ŷ壬ʯͷʲôֵ𣿡
һֱͺŷҪʯͷڼ˳֪Ѧˣһʵ
ʵǰ˼֮еĿϲһ㶼Ⱥƶ٣ȴһģŮŮˣɲͬƶǰ˼ɣһ񾭲
ѦҲע⵽˹ŷʯͷûпʯͷ庮ģȻ֪ʯͷĹ졣
Ǻƶ̯ǿʯͷȴ淢һЩһĶڡ
ŷûֱҿʯͷ鿴֪Ķ᲻ʵԿڽ͵
ŷĻѦºͳԻǲûзʯͷʲôڣƶŷĻҲֹͣԼķЦæ˹鿴
ûʲôǲǸӦˣֻһʯͷѰ
ƶʯͷһۣĸӦȻǸӦʯͷģ˵
Ҳûзʲô
ѦҲŶüԼĿ켶򣬿ȴҲûзʲô
Ҳһãӣŷ֪Ҳûп
ŷҲ֪Լĵ򶼲û֣ǵҲ϶ֲˣǾͰԼӦ˵˳
㣬㵽ʲôѽ
˹ŷѦ±һᣬ̲סʵ


313 ҫʯ
ոնʯͷյӼˣȴûзʲô쳣ŷ壬ȴһ֮ڶܸӦó̲ס˳
ǻɣԼ켶Ҳôడ
ǡ
ѦٿȻһŷĻҲȷжϡ
ǵ򡣡
֪ǽĺֳˣŷҲɴȥǣʯͷٴι۲
ڼ˽춼Ѿξţŷǵ򣬻˵ֹ뷨
ŷʯͷƵģƶҪһ˿ɣ
˵ţһǱʹʶ˲ɳӣʯͷ뷨
ŷæֹҪĻĻõ
ܾ˵˵ʯͷĸӦ𣿡
Ѧüʵ
ӦУʯͷǸӦûСӦĴָСӸӦĸоϣⶫƺһԣûʲô
ŷͷ˵
ԣ
ȴ룬ŷ⻰һŮͬؾгȻЩµ浽Ǻ
ŷ廹û˵˾ͻһۣҲȻ¶ϲı飬ùŷһɻ
ȴǵıܹĶض
ŷ壬ȷӦЩ
ٴβȷʵ
ŷͷû˵
죬죡ŷ壬пģǸӲúܣֻҪ㲻ȥͲκ⣡
ŷ϶ػش𣬳˵У˷ܡ
ŷŮӦö³浽ʲôˣ˵֪ĶӦòôѣҲͲīʲôҪãֻʳָ
Թŷǿȣ˵ͨʯͷˣԼӲƵĽʯĳЩӲĽжпûκѡ
ڵʳָ棬ֻʳָͻһ͵ģˮһ͵ȻʯͷӦķλȥ
ŷ۵͵ʯͷˮһ㣬û˿Ͱʯͷһ߸ȥȻ¶һ籦ʯһ㾧Ө͸Ķ
Ȼ˱ʯҲͨ徧ӨǳƯǱȴ޷ʲôâֻڹâҫ£
һѦ¼˾ɸһѰʯͷӹŷ˹յĵĵǰҿæľϲҲԽԽʢ
ȻȻҫʯ
ɶʱ;ϲ
죡ҫʯ
ƶҲǰԴյ˳Աߣֻһۣȷơ
ҫʯ
ŷ廹ǵһ˵֣ȴҲܴӼϵı϶⣬·ǳ֮
̫СˣȻʯͷôһĻļ۸񣬿¶¹ʮˣ
ƶһ󣬾Ͳ̾˿ҲϲؿҫʯѦһĻʱڴһЦȷҫʯ󣬿̫СˣͲչ
ǿɷܹȸңҫʯǸõģ
ŷεؿְԼ˹ȥļˣ˵
Ǻƶŷ͵ҫʯһֿ뵽ǷʯͷֻҪʯͷǳֵ򣬷һǾ޷ͷȼġ
˶٣ƶ˵ʯͷһ;֮⣬ûʲôôˣ͹Ǵһ;๺رӵۺ챦ɢߣǾǹҫʯ
ҫʯĲ̫ϡ٣һԼ۸Ҳ͸ˮǴߣȭͷСһ飬һʱԴʯң
ŷһȭͷСһ飬۸񣿵Ҳȷͦġ
ҫʯȴʺڵԼã
Լھó֮󣬻ᱻ˭ϣսҶˣһҫʯ뵽˫ͷĻȻͲˡ
ֻǲ֪Լ޴ޱȵİ˼ͷҪҫʯںϲܹ룬¾ϴСһ飬һõİɣ
ڻ׺ѥӣǾûҪˡ
ѥӺͻףֻҪõʱ˲ܿóҫʯͲ룬ûκ
ŷ壬⣬ҵǿʯͷ
ƶ֪ԼⴿʵķϻԼȻδʯͷעô˵ҲԼ˺ܳһʱģֻǿһۣϳȷԼ̯õǿ飡
ô˵Ļ
ƶͲŷ⣬˵ߣҴȥҼʯͷĵط
˵꣬Ͱ಻סͷ˷ܣһΣͳ˹ȥ
ɺѦ£Ҳͬ˷ޱȣȴҪȺƶܳסǰʯͷݸ˹ŷ壬ȻѦ¾͵Ҳ߰ɣϣﻹҫʯ
ŷӹ˳ɵݹʯͷ֪ҫʯļӲ̶ȺҲͲٳɣָӣգ۹ͰĴָСҫʯŪ˳˿ƺͨıʯûʲô𣬾û˶ϸȤ־Ͱҫʯսҩռ䡣
ţ߰ɡ
ŷ͵ͷȻ˾ͶһΣźƶȥķ˹ȥ
ƶ˷ͣʩչʷٶȣȻٶҲֻǶԼԣڹŷ͸Сܲٶһգ۾׷
ٿƶȥķ򣬹ŷ巢־ȻǳǳصǿߵشɹȥģȻҫʯǴġ
ò˵ǣԴߵļǷͬ죬ʯͷ֪ˣƶȻһƬ񵽵ĶǵһǴССʯҿʯͷǸƣŷһЦ
ٿӦҲûãѵ㻹һҿ˿ɣ
ƶȷ𣿡
Ѧ³Ҳ̽ȴȺƶ侲ö֪࣬Ѱҫʯ£ֻйŷС
ȷȷٷ֮پ
ƶԥصͷصԴȴû̧𣬻ĴѰţǱĿʯͷ
˰ɣͱæˣùŷҰɡ
Ѧ¿ƶģЩεصֻĴɨӵĿ⣬ļҲ˿Ⱥƶ٣
Ҫ֪ȭͷһҫʯֵɾֵһʱԴʯ
Ҳ˵ôһ飬൱ʮ弶Դʮ֮һԴˣ
ƶԣȻҲоԼʧ̬ȴûκβ˼æŹŷߴٵŷ壬죬ң
Ҳʧ̬էȻԼһֱΪƶޱȵĽͻȻҫʯָ߼ڣ˭侲
Ȱ㻳ﱧŵļ˰ɣɶûУ
ŷͷȻָָƶļʯͷЦ˵
ƶں˺죬æ»ʯͷؿڵĻҳȥģȻͶſʼӦ˵Ĺŷ壬ϣ


314 Ѱ
ŷ岢ûżŸӦ̧ͷܣϸع۲
ĻߺͲ˵ˣһֻ׳棬һֲﶼûУʯͷʯ
ȥңޱߣʯסߵģЩʯޱȣһʯɽ塣
ֻߣûκر֮أĴҫʯ
ңаɣԼֻһ׵ĸӦΧҪҵʲôʱȥ
ҫʯһƬǵûʲôѵģ¾ڣڴˣǿɾͺԽˡ
ǣĿǰûʲô취ȥѰңֻһһ׵ˡ
ڣֻһ׷ΧԵǿҲҪӦöôϸ壬ֻҪһɨ֪ﵽûҫʯĴڣһٶҲ̫
ٶ룬ŷͷųϸظӦ
ŷ忪ʼ˸ӦɼҲҴһһظŹŷĲƶϵı飬ȴԵ÷ǳš
֮ǰһֱģŷǸһ˼ǣȴͲóãէȻҫʯĴڣɲǲˡ
ǣǾͲЩʧɫʱѾڣŷղѰңѾȥ˺üСʱҵľ˵Ҳкüʮˣȴûκζ
Ҫȥһ㶫Ұɣ
Ѧ¿˿ɫʱǾ͹˵ˣȻַҫʯûüԷ
˵ΪٲԷû󰭣ǳһӣҪġ
ŷɫƽûΪ˼СʱûҵʧѦµĻ˵ȥ԰ɣҼҡ
ѦµûоܾͷУȥԣȻٸ
˵꣬ͺͳʾһ£Ҳͷͬ⣬ȻӯԾ𣬳סȥ
ǴӦ˸ɴ࣬ʵҪȥϴϴķɳȻûдɳĴ󣬵ǹķ磬Ҳǻҳֻһ£˵ġ
·赲ҳˣǵȻҲԣټһлҴǶһʱųֵԸûһմϡ
Ů࣬ϲ࣬ҲȥϴһϴŰģŷҲ̵ˡ
ߺ󣬹ŷ岢ûͣ£ſѰţҫʯöܴϣܹҵ
ʵҲĻŷҲֻóһˣǰǲֶ֪Ĵڣ֪ˣǵȻûɲʹá
Ϊ˼ܸԼİʵ̫ˣ˵˵νսɣԼóĻͲҪô鷳£ܽһ⡣
˼ƺܹﵽһңǾ͵ԼͷųĹƽ׵һ
ңа˼֣ٶҲӿ죬սռݵȻǻԡ
ŷ϶ֻҪԼó˼ͷĽ߾ͶԼûʲôвˣǺüĽͬʱΧԼûκѹ
ȻԼΪͻƵ֮һڣþżʮҲ޷Ľ߶Կġ
̫࣬ɲһЩԲģһ㣬ŷǳ
ʱţɫѾȫڰһƬ
ղֹȥСʱѦȴûйҺùŷǱԴߣҪǸͨˣôòͷ¶Ѿûһˡ
ʱֻԶڵֳ˼ӰŷͷҪ̧򣬾ѾӦǵĵ
˵ӦҫʯĻֻһ׷ΧãӦģǼ֮ĶΣ˫ۿĶҪɼǿ֮
ŷ壬ҵûУҵûС
˻ûƶĵʹ˹ֻѾһ·ɻô¶ջ󣬰ȫ¶棬׻ģڰոҫۡ
ŷ͸ûпһƬҫ۵Ľһ˿ЩڴĳɺѦ£Ȼ붺ǣҵˣأ
һնʱ˼룬ԭеطŵļŮ˲ʩչķææسŹŷ弲ɶ

ôסģȻǺƶˣһ͵ͷĴѰң˰춼ûʲô쳣ΧŹŷתпǸŷʳͱ˾⡣
ѦºͳҲò˶٣Ĵ˿ȫʯͷͲɻ뵽ѵҫʯЩʯͷ
ŷӣԼǲЩˣ׼˵ԼǶʱȴ͵һԭء
ղţ˵ƶ˵Ļ󣬾ϰԵǰһףҲûϸȥ۲죬ڣոһϸ۲죬ȴ÷һЩ쳣
ᡭôɰɣ
ŷЩԼҲ˵˵Ƕѣҫʯɣ
˽ͣŷ弱æٳǰ˼ףӦеģȴùŷ嶼΢͡
⣬Χ׵ʯͷȻȻȫҫʯ
ŷ壬ôˣ˵ҫʯѽ
ɿŷ㶵վԭأ̲סĸ첲Ȼʵ
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⣬ôࣿ
ŷؿΧҲʯͷһЩʧ̬ˡ
˵ЩʯͷҲҫʯЩʯͷҫʯҲдССҩռǿ鶼СֻаСָôһ㡣
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ŷ忴صһƬƣҫʯ¶൱ֱ׵ĴԲˣ
ǣǵÿԷֽٸȭͷСˣ
ûʱȥϸ룬ŷĵһӦǼǰӦһǰʯͷﵽ׻ûҫʯˣ
ٴ˺üףʯͷʯͷҫʯȴϡŷ֪ҫʯҲֻôһƬˡ
ŷһ֪ˣ˵ֻôһƬŷܿ϶ЩҫʯԶѻһֱӽ׵ĴԲ
һһ¾ƽеľϲЩҫʯļֵҲܾˣǣҩռЩҩģԼصĽ˵Щҫʯ¾һ䶼Ȳϣ
ԣŷ˵ҲֻôҫʯԼĸͷȫˣЩٱԴʯ˷ܡ
żŮԼɻ󲻽ּеĿ⣬ŷ΢΢һЦȻһ֣һͷСʯͷУȻ˵ʯͷ˱һ֮⣬ȫҫʯ
˵꣬Ҳɼ˾ϲɫΧһԲЦһƬҫʯ
ʲô⣬һƬȫǣ
Ѧºͳɾٳסŷ⻰Ҳ̲סоԼԴһѣΣҪŷ˵һƬҫʯĻǣǿɵж٣
ˣƶǲö٣ֱһŷǿʯͷȻͼԼĽʼһ̬УǼϲ


315 ʯ
Ϊŷղž˵ˣʯͷ˱һ֮⣬ȫҫʯԺƶҲ˵ҫʯ
ŷؿűضʳһߡ
ղźƶһ֮£ֱǰԼʳ˵ϣɺѦˣҲһһУȻҲǸԼģƶһ˵ϡ
˵һ䣬Լ⻹ŶأȴĴʯͷûпԼһۣǾ仰ͲӲʻ˶
˰ˣһٲҲôŷƵǼ⣬Ұο
Щʯͷһûҫʯվһȥɣ񡣡
ŷ忴ѦŵļʯͷһɶûУ˵
ɼҲ֪Լ̫ʧ̬ˣΪЩʯͷȫҫʯأŷĻҲͶͣվһߣһ˫Ĵţ˷֮ɫԱ
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ʱ򣬺ƶӹŷǿʯͷѾȥ污һʯ飬¶澧Ө͸ҫʯƶʱŴС쾪ϲе
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ŷûȥǵľϲҲûȥ񣬸Ӧһҫʯģһ֣ǿʯͷҲȻ뵽ҩռ
ɵٶȵȻҪģǱصʯͷʵ̫ˣƣ²顣
УһʯͷǽӽһףҲֻһ㣬棬ȫҫʯˡ
ŷֻһۣܿ϶һʯͷ㹻Լʹˡ
ٶԣŷ˫ּӣһһţصʯͷҲһһļţʮӣѾһ롣
ʵŷһֱɻҫʯҲ֪Ǵģδأԭһֱڲɣ
ҪĻһƬߵشûҫʯĴأ
ŷһţһĥǲпңûǸȥѰˣһƬһ޼ʵĻߣ֪Ҫҵʲôʱȥ
ҲԼãһԼҵˣҪҫʯߵشĻǿɾͳˡ
ҵôҲ㹻ˣʡһ룬ҲãҲУڲˡ
ʵŷҲԼԼŲո¹磬˺ƶ̯λʱԼ߳ԶĻ޷ʯͷҫʯˣûлѦ£ȻҲ޷˽⵽ʦʦȥҵı仯
ŷ壬ж٣
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ʱ򣬺ƶǱҲѾȫǿͷСҫʯ˳ƶֱǽڻѹͦλԲĴã˷ϲģŷ嶼ҫʯ滹лҳĻᱧˣ
ֻһЩˣռ꣬ȥ½ס⿪
ŷ̧ͷżһЦȻͼʼɣҲӿ˲١
ٹʮӣЩʯͷͲȫսҩռŷ廹ģٴεΧӦһ£ҲȷһЩ䵥ҫʯһƬ©
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ŷʱҲֹס¶˵˷ܣոռЩƺԼԤڵĻҪһ㣬ôҫʯ¶һ۳
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һǸŷһ֣ʯͷžžصĶһأǰʯͷ˶һ󼤶
ۣôҫʯǿټ·ѽ
ƶɱǿҫʯ˫ȴǽŵʯͷоǹâ
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ŷ˵־ǿֱӽһ׵ʯͷûָͳɵִҩռóһ弶ԴذȻͿʼ
ʯͷȻҫʯʯͷȴ֣ͨŷͲҪذעκƾذ׵ķ̶ȣжһȥʯ顣
ŷ忪ʼˣŮҲȲóذ׵˵ȲϹŷģҲһԴʯͷûκѶȡ
Ϊǵ޷ӦʯͷҫʯľλãΪ˲ҫʯֻܵһһСĵпֻʯͷ֣ܺŷŻǿԲù˼ɡ
˶ûʱ˵£ҲæֻԼֽ⣬ھ޷ӦҫʯľλãиٶҲޱȣƽһӣܽ⿪ʮҡ
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ˣҲǷǳӴģֱæһҹ֪ڶӽʱ򣬲ŰҫʯŪ
ǰѻͬһСͬʯһ㾧Ө͸ҫʯ˶Ǵһ
⣬ٿűԴʯѽ
ǺƶһԵؾôҫʯжٸȭͷ
£߰ǧʱԴʯɣ
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˵Щʯͷ飬СĻռ˴󲿷֣һҲȷͬѦƵ߰ǧȭͷСӣԲᳬһˡ
˵߰ǧˣ߰˰ٿ飬߰ʮ飬һ
߰ǧʱԴʯǣǾ͵߰ٶ߲ʱԴʯ
˵ʲô߲ʱԴʯˣڳļˣѦ¿ӵй֮⣬༸ˣʵĶû
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ο߰˰ٿ֮ޣ
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ɺͺƶͲ˵ˣһӶû˾޸ֱǱҫʯҲҫۣ
Ҫ˵Ļŷ侲ˡ
ҩռôһƶԴʯأ治̫Ĳ
ŷ壬ôҫʯҪõ֮⣬ô
ʱ򣬺ƶͻȻתԴŷʵ
ѦºͳҲعͷȴŷĴ𸴡
ȴûʲô뷨ŷЩҫʯȫҲκߣΪⱾǹŷ巢ֵģҪЩҫʯ֪÷ǷŶأ
Ȼǿ϶֪ŷ岻ģΪ⿴ŷԥûԥֱͳ˼ԴͿԿԲС֮ˣ
֮ʣҲֻŷҪôЩҫʯҪ۵ĻôƶھҪʼ׼ˣϾЩҫʯļֵߴ˶ۺ죡
ԣƶҲұ֤Լ˵Ǹط᲻ôҫʯ޶ԣһʲôģƾ˼ǸֻҪɳһˣȫԼˣ


316 ʱ̾
ŷ룬ģŰɣҪôһСҲɣȫó
Ů˵ͷֻףȻ̫ðˡ
ƶҲȲŵѣεƽôҫʯȷǷǳ˵һʲƸһ룬ŷ͸ԼǱ˼ԴļֵҲûôˡ
һ˼Դгϵļ۸񣬴ڰʮ߲ʱԴʯңôҫʯҲ߰˰ٿŶѣҲ˵ЩҲֻ൱ʮ˼Դļ۸ˡ
뵽ƶ̲ס˷֪ǵڶٴٻǱˣ˿ںԼԵжô
ҪôںϽ棿
ȻˣȻںϽ棬ŷ漴Ѧʵ
ҪҶʦˣ庮磬ûʲôɿһĶʦ
ѦֱԲص
ȴˮ½иʦҸ׾ȹһԿɿ
Ǻãھʰ߰ɣ
ŷͷһ֣Ͱһصҫʯսҩռ䣬ڳۺ£ȵ˵ŷŸӦһЩͻ¼
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ͣ˷ҲԣҲȣŴ͹Ļ˹ȥŷУѦºͺƶҲ֪˳ɵˮ½磬Ҳû֡
˸߸߷ʣֻ̧ͷȥоηĽΩûзŭǣһ㲻ûС
ô꣬ǵķŭǵĳ嶯ǽϣͱǿ߷ɹͷʱļ̤ĥǡ
ŷ嵱ȻܹӦõ·˵΢΢һ̾϶Ϊ˽ȥⱾķߣԶûʸȥνϡ
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Ҫȥˮ½磬ͱҪȾ¹磬СС֮ҲǲԴͣҪͨҪ˫ıԴĴ͹ĻͬʱʩչϵΪҪõĽ磬һûĸὨ
һ֮󣬾޷ˣˮ½磬ν磬а׺ӽ֮䣬ǰЩͽ˻ഫ͵ͨģԲŲô͵¹磬շת͵νͰ׺ӽ硣
ĳ磬пһȺ͹ߵĻôȫԿ϶ЩȥռĳûлཨͨĽȥģԴˣҲ߻ᾪȺͺ棬Ϊ£̫ˡ
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٣һȥ¹֮ʲôˡ
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ҲͬûеģԼ˵һ֮󣬾ȳųеǼ̷ȥŷҲǵãԼһĺĵط
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ûţɾʹغһֻɵĺ֮ʹһеĽŲһ׳øһĴ˳
ֻһ纹ڵƤһ˫첲ֵˣʵļһ֪ؿڵؼҲǹĹңŷ嶼ɣؼǲǶȺƶĴˣ
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ȻԼĽ磬ҪóĶ̫ˣһ򣬾һǽһûġ

ʦæ˵ͷȻǰ·ȥ
вѡߣһôǧĵĴˣʱ۾ֱˣһϸǸ˶ǽ֮Ůŵת˫ۣ۽ȴעűŮΧĹŷ壬һĽʺޡ
ãҲʦ𣬾ֱʵʦܰҫʯ˼𣿡
ʦĶʦȼֻжѣ˵ֻ϶ѣҲҿ϶ܲԲŻһʡ
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ɴһ˫ţۣǲŵؿųɺȻʵ㣬˵ʲôҫʯ롭˼棿
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ٴεͷȷϵ
ɿ϶Ļʦֱһſڽ࣬ðŷӳѵһڿˮȻͬСװͷԿԣԿԣҵĶˮƽȻߣҪҫʯ棬ûʲôģʮû⣡
СС㣬㣬ҫʯͰ˼𣿡
ʦǲţһС磬Ȼְ˼Դһǿ綼Ҫĸ߼
С㵱еĻǣֻҪԼƣ˵ʹԼĶʦȼֱҲ˵
һ뵽ʦôҲ޷侲ˣϾǼ֮ɫڴؿųɣȴĴ𸴡
ǵģһ˼Ҫҫʯ
ɲûпŷΪҲֻһѡ


317 ʼϣ
ʦı飬Ǿ˵ģǽһţ͸˹һųɣȫȻûǰǸģ
ǣС㣬ʲôʱʼ
ʦͰ͵ʵ
ʱĻǾڰɣԽԽá
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ʦһУæ˵С㣬Ͼȥ׼
˵ʦȴվԭضҲûһ˫ţ۳ųɣ˼Զ׼
˶һЦ׷һ֣һһͬƯڼǰʦ۾ֱˡ
û뵽Ѧ¾ȻҲ˳ó˫һȻһżޣ
üŮûϵǣŷõĻƯڹŷǰ;޴󣬰Եޱȵ˼޸զ࣬ԸͷͬߣûǸӵסɣ
ҵҲûҫʯأ鷳ʦ
ѦıӣֻǱ͸ڹâ֪ضֲޱȡ
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ʦֻûгǰЩͳͳ§ԼĻˣﻹ鷳˵
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죡죡
ʦǳ϶صֻǰҫʯˣôѡ
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ŷͷѣԼĺûʲôã似˵ҲҪһµʱܼЧ
УЩͷɡ
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ȻҲֻȴһ»ǵΪ߾˵
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Ҳ˵Щɵûʲôɵĵġ
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ŷ嵱Ȼûˣͷͳʦ΢Цʾ󣬾һŴ͹Ļ˹ȥ
ŮҲʦкȻڹŷ󣬷͹Ļ

ŷ弸Ǳν磬磬ҲûʲôرĵطҲֻԴҪˮ½縻ԣһ㡣
νĴ͹ĻǽڳǳرԵģԹŷҲǰ԰ǳضֽȥ
һӦŷ巢ֻгڴˣïͳ̻϶ڣ󲿷ֶѾźãȻȥ˰׺ӽ硣
УҲȷûκһʮױߣǿҲǾŽ۷ѣ統Уʮױмȷһ⡣
ڹŷЩʱ򣬳ȴͻȻ߷˹ŷͱ˵ˣѦµϢֵܷˣҲֻǷ˳ɺͺƶĵѡ
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˻ûԴʹ˹һЦ磬ҴŮŶѽ˵أ
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Ǹ磬ȴǱǰˮ½ʵҪҲֻһһĩ߶ѣȻûκ⣬ͱ̻ϸһˣǸ磬̻ϺïҲǸûǰȥ
ǸĽҲôΪѣ֪ǸжôƶˣȫǷֺõ顣
꣬ŷï̻ϣѦ¼Ůһ£Ȱ庮ͨͨȻٴ庮һʮױߣ䵱м
ûκ飬ȻŷŮǰ庮磬׼ȥͨĸ֮Ĵͨ


318 ʼ£
ͨС֮ĴͨѣһױԴߣɡ
ٴ庮磬Ѧºͺƶȥǳʮױȥˣŷͳﶼûȥվڴ͹Ļǰȹ涨ʱ䡣
һᣬ˿ɫѾλãȻɾͲٳɣվ͹Ļһˮ½꣬Ϳʼ뱾Դ֮ʼ֮ͨͨ
һӣֻâˮ½ͬ˴ͨͣһ£˴ʮңֿʼ뱾Դ֮
ΣǴͨν֮Ĵͨ
ʱˮ½ͨͨģïνǳ̻ϣ׺ӽģǳء
ŷĵվһԣʵǶкѣԭͨͨô򵥵飬ҲûʲôȤ
ͨĸ֮ȫ֮ͨѦºͺƶҲŴһ߰ʮʮױø
庮ܹжٶʮױߣÿ綼ԷʮңʮʮױߣҲ㹻һĴССˡ
ֲҪЩȥսйŷïЩԴڣЩĽױԴСսҲûʲôҲر衣
ߵĴͷãȴһʲС֣óɶʼЩˡ
СĴͷãһ˴һʱԴʯңһٰʮˣҲ͵ҪʮһʱԴʯô࣬һͷ׾ݵ˵ȷһʲСĿ֧ˡ
һ뵽𺳣ǾͲΪԼ뷨еЦû˼·ˣɲøٿһʱԴʯ͸еۣ
Ϊ˲˷ѱԴʯǷֳֿͣŮÿ˸һ͵һ磬ŷ壬ûһȵѡԱ߹ۿ
âһٶ˾ʧʧǰŷ󿴿ҿʵĵúܣкüʱ䣬似Ҳ϶ǲģ룬ŷ;⼸ȥҩռҩ
һ㣬ҲȷкЩûҩˣ˴ɱûʱ侲úһԼó˵ȷЩա
Լҩ츳ǸΪڣԼȴôҩһ飬ܸоôҪ
Լö໨ʱҩˣҪһЩҩ˼룬ǵȥģǲԼ̬ҩ츳
ŷε뵽ȻҲԥ룬óһ־ڲݵдһ֣˵Լ⼸ȥе£õģȻһͽ뵽ҩռ֮ڡ
ҩռ䣬Ǹӣûʲô仯ҲΨһб仯ģЩժҩģôЩ󣬾Ȼ³˳ָԭò
ŷһЦȻ鴫ôһʱѣͨҪʮܳɵҩģȴֻҪµʱˡ
˿ԶȻѾԼһʱ˷츲صı仯֪˶ٱȻûͷڱԵнơ
ʵŷҲ֪ҩռ䵽ж󣬵ȴ֪ڽ֮ضи߼ҩģж٣ŷͲ²ⲻˡ
Ͼ֮ǿɾƷҩˣּҩĿɲƷµҩĿɱȵģ̶ȣԶԶƷҩĵļֵ
ռֲģҲþжô࣬ԹŷҲܿ϶
漴һ룬ȻЩǬ߶ҩҲ̫٣ԽԼҩЩǬȡ
ҡҡͷȥЩûõ飬ж٣оУûþûУʦѾԼôޱȵĶˣԼȥʲôĻǿɾ̫̰ˡ
ٶ룬ŷ忴˿ʣҩǿʵҪٺܶ࣬ǾȥƷߵҩɼһѣ׼ʼơ
ҩǰʱ򣬹ŷ㶣漴ͿЦ
Щ죬Լҩ飬ҩ飬Ҳˡ
ҩԼôεƣͿҪˣ涼ѾЩƣңҩĵȼҲôԼʹˡ
ʱȥ߼ҩˡ
һλûʲô⣬Ǿʰϥת۾ͽ뵽ֹˮҩ״̬
ڻûͻƵƷҩʦ֮ǰҩҪĻ棬ԴӦģȵƷҩʦ֮󣬾ҪԴʯṩƵĻˡ
䡭
ΥĽɫԴڵһ¾ðȻŷȫעȫĵͶҩ֮С

ʱ䲻֪ţҩеĹŷ壬ͬǽ뵽ĺһ㣬ûʱ
Ҳõҩ״̬һδγɹУŷҩʦˮ׼ҲԾ˵ٶţһ̣ȫڹʲôš
˵Ƶ⼸ʱˮ׼൱ͨҩʦöŬˣ˿ֲҩ츳Ҳǹŷ岻̫ҩʦһĸԭɡ
ȻˣڹŷͻƵƷкܳһ·ҪߵģƷ֮󣬾Ǵʦˣǹŷ˱̬Ҳ˵ܵġ
չŷٶȵĻҲ̫ãҩ࣬ҲǼµʱѣܿԽ˼һҲ޷Ĺ֡
һҩﱻŷս˰ƿ֣֮ͣվһһ
켸ҹûϢȫھȫе״̬ǹŷ壬Щƣˡ
˿ѻļƿҩŷ岻һЦ಻ǰ׷ѵģôҩ㹻õԼͻƵƷҩʦˡ
ʱ䣬ɵӣǹŷҲͲٶһʧԭء
һŷͷֵһ֣鶯ˮ½Լûбˡ
͹Ļǰŷ־ͶűԴʯȥȻ߲ʹâʹ͵ˮ½硣
ˮ½磬ŷ͸ӦڳļŮг̻ïҲڣǾͳǱ߷˹ȥ
ŷĵ˵Ȼ޷ģǴʱڲϳŶ飬ȵŷɵſڣǶûп
ü첻ԲȣȻʲôëҲǻģʱѾǰˣԵŷһ˵ķ˺ҲûдкһͻȻֵλ¡
أͻȻ͸оǰһһӰͳǰʱͰѼһƶͳ˲ͳɫ裬ʱ׼֡
ïȿǰ˭ģո۳˲ȥȻǳ񣬡ˣ
ǰˣҲһ˵ʵոչŷͻȻ֣ʵһɸûذһۣôСһأôŻˣ
ŷƣݣԼк򣬾ԹԵشڳʳ㶣Լǵһοôء
ôкˣȳԷ
̻ϳҲҪкŷͰ˰ּ֣һԴ£һ


319 
Źŷڳŷˣﶼɻ󣬲֪ŷʧ⼸ȥô
ڳˣֻѦԼµһʲôҲܿ϶
ԣôأû˺
ɿŷƣ̬Զ˺üӣЩۣæŷ嵹һ裬ҭš
ⷢĵĹĺۣŷоԼҲûзԼôʲôˣ㶣һۣɴ΢Ц
˼⣬˵һθ㻺һ¼Уŷ̧ͷЦô⼸죬˳𣿡
˶֪ŷʵʲôïæص˳綼Ѿ죬غͻϣкƶͻȥ漸ƫʮױߡ
ŷ˿ˮ΢΢ͷĸƫһٶֿȥĻҲҪʱ䣬ŷҲϵһٶ磬Ҳֻҵʮʮױ߰ˡ
ڻҰ½ôʱ䣬ŷ֪ƫжѳһʮױߵģҲһٶвʮ
Ұ½ͲҪȥˣԺҲҪ
ŷ嵭˵һ䡣
ï̻ϼ˶æͷǶ֪Ұ½ǾԲģǹŷ岻ѣҲȥȥ
ôˣ
ŷתͷʵ
ѾˣǾȥȡɣ
ͷҲ̧˵ȻŷˮһѾߵģ
š
ŷ룬Ͱǿǰļ̲ˣһ֣˼ԼһЩҫʯͰ棬ïȥɣȻȥʦЩҫʯȥ
⼸죬Ѿѹڹŷȫ˵˳ï˶ڹŷó˼ҫʯе𾪣ȴǳϲ
ʵ˵Щ֮ǾܲµŷӦûһЩģ˵ŷദʱ䲻ȴܿ϶ŷԼ˾ԲС˵ʵ⼸죬Ҳʱʱ̶̿ڴš
ллˣлˣ
æϲ˵ïϴιˮ½ԼˣԼǵѡ˹ŷߣ룬ԼѡϹɵĻӮˣԼһ˼
ýֺͷ붼֪죬Ҳһ弶һЩҩЧƷҩѣ
ҩ
ïν֪ŷҩĵӣƷߵҩʦ󣬾ͶЩҩЧƷҩûκȤ
ҲŷڻƲƷҩٶȥĻƷԶ
˵ƷߵȵҩƽʱҲˣȵԼΪҪƷҩʱˣǴʦҩʦ˰ɣ
˷ܼصѪ󣬹ŷʵϣ½㣬ĸƷҩһж٣
Ȼŷûڳ˶֪ĸ磬Ѿͬһˣңŷִߡ
ï⼸һ£ĸĲƲȫͳһ˵ʲôزȣĸҩҲȻͳһȫïϡ
ŷĻïشƷ͵ҩһİƿң඼弶ҩЧ
˵ţï׼óŷȴǻ˻֣Դɻʣİƿôôࣿ
˵ĸȫҩʵֻˮ½庮ģν׺ӽҩԼƲҰͰ˵ֽˣȻȡˡ
ֽ䣬˵Ҳһʹõ߲ϵˣҲû˿ٻȡֽκζ
ԣĸҪɱԽĻôֻбȵöԷֽ֮ľϵȻɱҲûá
ƿï׳ģƿġ
̻һԽ͵˵ʵƿҩïĸʲóǹŷūͣƿҩﹱ׳ʱ򣬳̻Ҳ˵ʲô
ŷ΢΢ͷïϾһױԴߣȥһС統Ҳܹ򵽲ƷҩˣԼ൱ҩҲͲΪˡ
ŷȴïóԼƿҩﹱ׸Ҳûʲô뷨˵ûںԼƿҩЧƷҩʲô
İƿӦùˣȫóɺ½ɣһƿ
Ҳŷ岢ҩЧƷҩ￴ϾҲƷģô˵ҲԼƷߵҩҪãԹŷ;ȥ¹ȫҩΪ
ȴǸԼõģǸѦºͳãԼƷߵҩҲ
ݹŷӦɵΪƺҲһĩ۷壬ľҲӦ㹻ˣΣȥ¹ľԼˣͻƵΪҲ˵
ïûκηϻ־ͰЩҩ˳Ѧºͳǰƿ
ŷ壬ǣ
ɶԹŷǲ⣬˵Щ죬뷨˷츲صı仯ʱ̣ܶǾãƷҩǷǳҪʱòŻ㡣
Ѧת۾˹ŷ˼ų΢΢Ц°ɣŷ׼Ҫ¹ʱأ
˵ţһ֣Լǰҩȫսֽ䵱С
㶣Щ۵ؿҩ˵ҪðɣҲҪôѽʮƿ㹻˰ɡ
ŷҡͷþã£۵ġ
ɶʱ͹С죬ߵص˹ŷһۣȴҲСƿҩﻹЩƽ
⣬ƿƷҩﰡԼһҪô𣿣
۽ͿͬŮŴ󵶵ĳأ˲ɢҲԼȷû˼·ˡ
ŷ壬Ҳǽһɰɣ
ѦºȻŷʵŷ˵ͷͼ͸ȡְɣ
ȡ
ŷʵû⣬ȴҲ֪ȻѾǰĻˣôȷҪȡ֣ܲһһְɣ
Ȼǰδ֣ŷȴֻ΢ü˼һ֣ͻԺ
ͽСҰֻءɣ
ŷ΢Ц
ҰȻŻҰ½ֻأǳ򵥣ţԼӻҰ½ˣ磬һոµֻأ
Ұ½ҲؽԼĳ֣װƫ֮ƣ
Ҳǹŷ˸ʦ֮׷УȻԼһֱ룬۷塣
ŷδԼ룬ʦһ棬Ҳһ档
ҲǿˣΪʦˣԼˣȴȻȥֱ綼ΪԼһ˶ʱǾԲ֮ʡ
˵룬Ҳ˵ҰģŷȴΪֻԼ
ϲƽŷȴϲּȼա
ֻԼѪҺսзڣԼսз̤۷壬˳羴ԼԶļ䣬Ų


320 Ұֻ
Ұֻأ
ͬ룬˵ͷ
Ȼǲ֪ʲô˼ʤڷǳưҰֻء
Щʲôʲôңʲôʲôɣʲôʲôŵģƶˣ
Ժˮ½磬ǲǾͽҰֻˮ½ооֺóء
ͻȻ˵Ҳϲŷȡ֣ôĻܸоƿڵء
ŷЦЦĳƺͽֻˮ½ɣԼˣͼ򻯳ֻˮ¡
˵ĸܲĸ綼ôаɣ
ƺóƺأҰֻأҲֻܳƣֻˮ£ֻرʲôģҲǷֳˡ
ͺñһңҵΪܳƣĳǳأһƺĸ磬Ҳ͵ҡĳǳˡ
ֻˮ£ֻ庮ֻرΣֻذ׺ӡ
ţͲĴĴָܺƣ벻㻹ȲŻأ
˶ȻһЦ̻ϺͳأģοЦĸױɱȥͺ¶Цݡ
ȻϹ֮Цøˣ춼һǧ֮⣬ôЦݣûгʮεģڣɷĵĿЦݣȴǱȳԼҪеˡ
ֻ

̻һ뵽ŷڻҰ½Ǹӣһ̾˵ŷǸӶôǶôమģɡ
ԼŮĵĴЦգͷ·ٴοԼһĿҸʱ컶Цյӣǲ֪ĻЦܳá
ŷûǸεǾͺˣԼŮɫضܹߵһ
ȴҲ֪ҲֻܹѣЩ̫ʵ
ȡˣǹΪЩְɣ
ʱƶ˵ˣ˵߸ŷһۣȻҲڹŷ壬ȫô̯ΪԹ˿Ȼεһϰߡ
ŷ嵱ȻֱӺ˺ƶۣĻҲȷЩ֮ǰïǵʱȻн뷨ȴҲԺ˵̬ȣֻȹ˵
֪Щյʵ֮󣬹ŷͲòʼ濼Щˡ
˵ʲôҶѣô࡯ȫǲȷε뷨̬ȣϣͱҪηס
ֹǸ˭´һһ˲֪´һף֮仹һЩìܣˣ֮䲻СȷķֹҲбҪġ
ïĸܽҪҰֻصİȫԺµĽ룬ҲïΡ
ŷֶԳ̻˵̻ϣ͵θĸ񣬱˵ߣ˲ţԼЩ˽ѵ
֮أϣԺɾҪѵ˼ˡ
ŷЦ˵ôһ䣬̻ȴǼæҡͷз͸¶˷ܡ
ϣȲЩţ֤ԼҲǷǳġ
أרŸ鱨ĸΰô𣿡
˵ʵǴɱɱĻؿܷǳʺϣɱǵһȥġ
ȥ鱨ŷҲǳεѡ
ԲߣȻǳɵĸ磬ΪȴֻһڶѣȥרĻ˷ʱ䣬ȥҩÿ졣
ɣѦҪԼȥģԺҲһֱȥϾɵǷǳˣҲŲһѣһĩΪȷǺܲġ
Ѧ¾͸ö˵ˣ߽ߣľǻָΪʱѡ
ԣɺѦ˵񣬾ֻŬŬҲ޷ȥֱȽϸµ鱨ˣƶҲаţֻгһѡˡ
Ȼ뷨ǲ˵ģҲ̫˼ˡ
صûʲôо˵Լż齨ﶼУԺԥصͷİɣҿ϶õģ
ʱҲѾȫ״̬
ŷȴ̬ȷǳ⣬µʱ򣬾͸ñϽ̬ȡ
أʲô㲻һֱǴ߰ɣ
ƶֲ˵ˣȻ⻰Цڳ֮˶óҲû˻ȥ档
͸һɣۣչȵȣԺǻҰֻصתʽҩﴢȵȣƹܡ
ŷЦЦ˵
Ҳʶƶûж೤ʱ䣬һ츳ôɻǾ仰Ŀǰʵ˿á
Ȼһ츳ȻõˣʵڲеĻԺʵ˵Ļŷԥذ
£ɲʲôùҹ˼غƶҲףҲ϶ᶮġ
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ۣǾ͵˵Ǵܼ£
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ŷ΢ЦͷҲôһ˼ɣȷǹǮȡġܼҡ
ҵĿζ
ƶһЦ漴ֿ˻ûĳԼѦ£Լµһʲô
Ȼŷ˵ɺ½㣬ǾרɣΪ߲Σ
Ѧºͳɶ˵ͷʾףڹŷԼȻͳȫ֣ƶҰֻصĴˡ
ʵŷһֱôԵģϲĻڣսսɱɱ
ƣò˵˵ڣܷİǶ磬ùŷǲˬˡ
ˣǴٲϲҲֻˡ
ҺԼҲҪȥЩ£ҲùŷһǿҲܽԼ
˵ΣʦȵЩ֮󣬹ŷҲ֪ûôҲܵˣȻǾһּ䲻Σȥˡ
˵İȫҸһС
ʲôҪ𣿡
ŷ忴˼һۣ΢Цʵ
죬ǽ죬Ҫȥüˣʲô£һԸ㶨ȻͿ԰ȥˡ
ï˶ҡҡͷҲ֪ŷ岻ôϲЩ£˵ҲȷûʲôҪŷȥŵģĸ̣Ҫŷ
ǺãǾȥʦɡ
ղ˵ʱŷͰѶ˼Ķˣ˿ڲ裬øɾӲ˲죬ͶԼ˵
ոïˣǵȻҲҪҫʯһȺ˿һͬǰȥ
Ȼͷͬ⣬ï˸βס˷ܣ޲Ͱҫʯȥ˾ͬʱ𣬳ʦ˹ȥ
Ұֻءĸ֣ڶ֣֮Ҳһ̿ʼѿ


321 ǿţ
ʦȴʦѾſںˣûóϾ˶ӣ֪ġ
ʦ˺ãʦذ˳ϻǲ˷ܣΪ⼸ںϣʹɹΪԴʦ
һó͸Ӧ˵ĴڣǳԵطɵ˵ǰï̻˻ǵһμŷ˵ĸͷĵһ󷢺
˿ïҲΪңҺõԼŷսʱûаóԼܼܲһغϣܲһغϵսҴδ֪
ŷ忴ǰâҪǰС˼࣬ԼҲСĸͷɵ˵ͷ
óҲֻΪļĶѣԲ֪⾹˼Դ
磬⻹ֵ鷳ˡ
ʦضʱ򣬳̻ȴһǱѾĴ󵶱˳ȻʦЦ
ʦʱ˫۴ͬǼû·Ůһ㣬鷳鷳ԺУ
˵꣬һϣذĿתïͳأ֪Ӧþˡ
ò˵ʦԶһУȷЩɳˡ
⼸죬˯ʱ򣬶Ҫڴͷƺܹ˯ȥͬȻ˷ޱˡ
Ϊô߼ˮƽȴҪƼʮûҪ࣡
ʵҪ˵ĻʦһҵҩҪʲô츳ֻҪܹƣϤôκ˶пܳΪʦ
ʦҵԱȴǲ࣬Ҫԭ򣬻Ϊʦ̫ˣҩҪࡣ
ҪÿƴôҪ߼ṩƣһϣǵûʲô̫á
ͱȷ˵ʦ֮ǰû⼸˼ĻҪƳʮԴпʦ֮Ѷȡ
ҲΪʲôʦ˷ܵԭˣ⼸Լʱ䡣
ȵï˰ʦ֮󣬹ŷͶ˵ȻûʲôˣǾˡʵʲôµĻȥ¹ұǡ
õģİɣֻҪǷǳǿĽͲκģ
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ŷ΢΢ͷ룬ֵݸһֽ䣬ֽѾҽ˾ϵһЩƵҩýʡá
ïͷӹȻȱƷҩôŷİ˼ҩЧȣ
ЩƷҩǻа
ˣ߰ɡ
¶ѾȥˣŷתͷŮ˵һǵͷ󣬾ԾŴ͹ĻȥŮҲ̻˴к󣬾Ͷæ˹ŷ
ٴ¹磬ؾҪɺƶ·ˣ·ϣŷ弸˾֪˺ƶ˵ǸչƷĵ֣
ǳµһ֣չ֮⣬ҲͬƷ۵ļ۸Ҳͬȡ

ƶ˵֣벻Ѧȴüظһ䣬оȻһ˿η
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ŷתͷЦʵȴûж⡣
Щ߻ԸԵɵļ۸ۣЩٿ϶ǼùģУضٲ˻ɱĳˣƷ
չϳۣЩùƷһ˸ϳֲ˵ߵݣǱضĲҲ˵
ȻɼЩΪ֮ɵĺܣȻͱ˸ˡ
˵Ѧ£ǰҵˣĸ׸ҵһ飬ȻضӴѦ»֪Ҳһ㶼Եˡ
Ȼͬŷǰ㣬Ѧµͷ͵ҵȻֻ֪֪ҪʵԸߵߣûв֪ģ
⵹ŷĺˣȻѦ֪ΪԼ֮ǰûʲôط԰ȫģȴ˵أ
ʵ֮ǰҵʱҲۡ
뿪֮ʱӲչһƷģû߼ǴҪǵĵҲֻߴҲû˵
ѦҲǺתͷƶƶѵ¹磬ĵ棿ǲǲչһƷ𣿡
ѦµĻƶȴڴһЦ½㣬ǰȷǲչߵµĶģڼǰȴˣڸĳ˳˵ͶƷеϵȫҪ
¹ĵ棬Ҳֻ⼸Žġ
Ѧ¶ʱȻͷ֮ʹδĹˣȻǲ֪ġ
ЩҲһֱǺƶھӪ庮⣬֪ЩҲˡ
ܴ󣿡
ŷ岢ǰôֻ֪ĸֻѦ¸ղ¶ľη֪϶ġ
ѦԾҲػشȻǲ֪ٸأ
Щߴ˵ҳ㷹һѰлЩҲﵽˣ˵󲻴󣿡
⻰ŷ嶼ˣƶͳɸɵôģɸͲ֪Ĵڣƶ֪֪ȴ֪ȻôȻʱȻǱһ
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ŷ֪ѩ˭ȴ֪
ʦǶӰУ֪ϻһʦµľ֣ġ
û뵽ĵĶӾȻʲôǿţ
Ҳû뵽ȻѩӸŪģ
䵱ܣֲǿƣһЩ綼ηˡ
֪ѩ˭ɳɺͺƶ֪ܲ
£磬ûв֪ѩģ
ʷ޵ʷٶ˵ҩ֮ӵ츳ҩʦ
ܵ˵ѩһĻ¼ҲǼ˲֪
ŲһǧѣΪѾǾŽĩڱԴ⻹˸е𺳵ĵطҩ򣬸Ϊˡ
ǧ꣬ѾһƷߵҩʦҩЧ뵱ҩͬ𣬾ż
żҩЧǸƷȵҩ֮⣬Ψһһˣ⻹ʲôҪǣǸҩ״ӣ˵ڳƷҩʦľ磡
˺ŵĳɾͣǿ߷صĶӣ֪ܲ
𾪹𾪣ɺͺƶ֮ת˲ͻָƽ
ʲôʲôǿţǰλһȣ


322 ҽ
ȷŷΪֻһڡ
ҩʦҲֻƷߵȣҩЧҲֻǰ˼
ǱˣԼ׿ڳϣ񣬲Ųʮ꣡
һѾȻˣټȥһʮ꣬Ǹʲôһǧ߰ٶӽǧķѩܺ͹ŷ̬ȣ
Ѧºͳɣƶȥ룬ܰٷ֮ٿ϶ŷô꣬ԶԶ˦ʲôǿŷѩˣ
ʲôѩǿţŷ廹ЩȤģԼĿǰʵ޷ӴŷȴԤУѩڽ󣬱ؽΪԼһ󾢵С
ԤйŷҲ֪Ӻζǵһԣֻ֪Լ̤ϸ߷壬϶
һְɣȥЩҲûãΪʵǽԼ¹µǿʱ
߰ɣȥ
ȻѾŷȴ˲١
ôǿҲͿԼ㶫Ϊ㶫Ҳֵ̫ˡ
ƶ˵ͷȻ߹׹㳡Ź㳡Ǹ޴ǳ˹ȥ
ǳڵһ֮ǰŷͿˣҲ¹ڣΪ棬ڽЩߵΪҲиеͣӦֻṩ߳ۺ͹ԼϢ֮
ȻɽΪŷ͵ǳֻ¹ͨǳأıԴ֮Ũ̶Ҳһ¹ҪԴҲ濪ĵ棬Լṩס
ŷȻͷ㳡Ҳֻ൱һ߶̯ܰĽг棬ҩʲôġ
һЩԸ̯ߣͻȥҪ۵ĶҵˣһЩԸЩ̯λģͻֱȥ￪ĵﹺԼҪģ϶Ҫģ鷳ߣˡ
̯λߣǱԱ˼ϾЩ̯λʲôĶУһЩ׾̯ûĺöҲûУͺñҫʯҪǹŷ嵽ǾͲ֪Ҫòܱ֣⣬Ҫ˵۹⣬˵ˡ
ǳؾҲԶûһ·ͽ档
ǳҲһĳǳûʲôҲǴһ㣬˶һ㣬Ʒ߼һ㡣
ûͣƶһȣż˳ų˹ȥ
ǣŷȴЩˣΪԼ߿ǸŮȴɫ˵ȥѦҲѵһŮ˵˵ƶҲһˣοԱ¶͸Եˡ
ŮмĹŷȻŭɵĶĿⶼðˣ޲ԼΪȥܱ󳬼ŮΧм߸ܡ
ҪΪ¹磬Щ߰ٷ֮ٻҲ磬ȻĽȻǻʳݵķϡ
ЩĿ⣬ȻӰ첻ŷģż߽ĵ棬͸¶ź֮ɫ
һ·ֵԸֽ̻Ի͵ĵ治ͬȻʵȴǷǳûһݻϢװõҲ󲿷ֶľģ͸¶һֹɫϢ
ˣȥɡ
ƶָ棬ЦŶԹŷ˵
ŷ嵭ЦͷղŽӽʱ򣬾ѾӦǿߣƺһΪߣʲô𣬹ŷ͸Ӧˡ
漴˽ȥȴǲֻ࣬߰˸ѣ⼸˵ΪȴûһĽ׵ġ
ҲǣȻıչƻչƷҲٶеģЩߣһûǸ
ƶʵҲǵһֻǰʱҲʱ˵Բ֪λá
ǰûʲôղѦ˵Ǹ˾֮󣬺ƶЩн߽ȴЦ˻ȥѵõ¶ı顣
ѦǷǳҲͬûʲô飬ΪйŷߣǳаȫС
ǣ֪Ҳ˸о
ŷǸö˵ˣ˵ǷѩǷģҪԽĿ꣬ôʲôнηأ
ԣͺĳ̯һ󿴿ҿһ档
˽ر飬ȻǱ˸һʱ䷢ˣһǵԱŮæӭְҵ΢Ц֪λҪƷǳƷ
ŷ΢Ц˵ۡ
Ůӵ˵ͷû¶ʲô⣬Ȼӣ˸ƣǼλ
˵꣬źȥ
ŷ弸Ҳϣŷ˫Űڹ̨ȷûһֵƷ඼ļϵıԴƷϣлмƷ鱦߼ԼƷУǼ۸ȴֹͨ
Ůһ·û˵ֱӰѼ˴Ժرյһǰţ˵󣬲ƿ˴š
¼ʦҪƷ
ŮӶ˵һ֮ԼȴûнȥתͷŹŷ弸˵λ
Ȼתȥˡ
ŷҲû⣬Ų˽ȥŮϡ
䲢Ҳǿտյһ󣬲ռһռ֮⣬ֻмˡ
һ꣬ŷȴ֪ʮӵ棬ͷĳŷ弸˽ȴͷû̧
λҪʲô
ЩҵĽŲռʦͷʵƺæʵЩùŷ岻üͷ
ֲˣְ֮ˣŷ˵ȤûУֱһ֣һ弶͡žһϣȻصʮ弶
ҪȱԴʯĻ̬ȣŷֱתˣö˵һ仰
ڹŷ嶪ʱǸ¼ʦüŭ̧ͷŷվŵŮʱǴһȻϵŭȴת˲ʧһΪзȵ΢ЦУһ뾪ϲ
ŷĻʱȴһ㶣¶һ˿⣬ʮ
ŷ嵭ȻͷȻҲ˵ԹԵһƨǰϣͺ񣬸Ͳ֪Ķһ㡣
ɼŮҲǰԺЦŷˣãǼ˭ǰȻ˸Ӱһٱ
˭ǰͺĻͻ˸Ϊ׺ͣʮһڼкģ
¼ʦԹŷ㶣üͷʲôҽ𣿡
Ȼֻ˸ɫ崺ЦݣżŮλŮվŸ
󣬼ŷ廹ûټ֮ǰŷ񶪳һͲȵվûôģ
ŷһȴ¶һЦվߵļŮȴǴ󾪣ΪǶ֪ŷֻҪ¶飬Ҫɱ֮ʡ


323 һԴ
ŮŹŷģĽ
¹磡
ɱļʦ֪⵽εȵı
Ҫ֪Щǣ̵ģ
Ůﶼѣ¹ŷûǵذ˸ɱˣֲ˵ֻܸļ
Ļ沢ûгֻŷǹЦȴ˿ûжǲһ
¼ʦ£ȴȨû¼ʦǵС˼β֪ҪΪǶпܶɱˣ
ΪǵС˼ϾôˣܲܶԼ˼ȥǸɱ˰ɣ
Ҳɱ⣬Ҫǳ¼ʦȻŹŷǳ⣬ôҲܲ˵ġ
ŷ絶ȴҲûж֣Ϊ֪֣Ȳ˵Լɣ˵Ůǿ϶޷ߡ
Լȷҩռ䣬ҩΪͨ飬֪᲻ʱӣǽأ
ԣŷ岻ó˵Ϊۣȥһʱ֮졣
Ҳ¼ʦҶԼô˵ˣԵ޹ʵĶǰƷĹ˿Ͷ֣ǲ
ִľˣֻҪ¼ʦƵΪҲԼ֣Լͻᴦ
㵽׼
ŷֱӰѳ¼ʦĻ˷ƨʵ
Ȼڲ֣ܶͻ׷Ź¼ʦ
ŷ壬ǺܼǳģûᶯշͲҲŪ
ûκһˣǳԼܻģ
¼ʦŷ岻ԼĻ˶߷磬һؿԼһŽ׵Ŀʱͱһ࣬һϡ
ŷȷǲ¶ˣڣҲҶԹ˿Ͷֻ֣û뵽ǰ۶Ĺ˿ͣĸԼǹģ
ȻôԼңŮǰ
ˣо޹⣬οǰ
ǲ
¼ʦĿݣŹŷ壬һһٳɱص
Ҿ⣬Ūҿ
ŷ彣üһȻ˿˵
ŷһģ֪Լ¶ˣȴѾȫ¼ʦ̡
ĥţǲҸʱ䣬һ˵ʱŪˣ
һ룬ֲΪԼ뷨еЦҪԼרŶƺǸʸ
ԺżȻʱ̰ɣûԼΪǿˣֱɱܲȥҪΪղŵĻۡ
ȫŷȷǺܼǳģ٣ػû˺ǳԼһЦ֮
ȴҲǹŷҪ˭ˬ˾ɱΪǸʲôȺͺգȥκǳԼ˼ңⲻԼ
˵ȺҪУϾǱģҲҪ˭
һԴĳ¼ʦŷʵûκһøС
¼ʦһˮˣһ˫ȭͷҲýģҲˣŷ϶ԼҶ֣Żôġ
ߡڲҶ֣һССʮױߣΪܱQã
¼ʦһ˫۾ؿŹŷ壬ֿ˿һԵŮһ˿а
ٺ٣ұQһᣬһۿŮҿ³лɧ
ݵţ¼ʦϵı鲻䣬Ҳ֪˵ȥضͽŭֻӲŭҧҪʲô͸Ͻó
¼ʦ۵˿аȻܿȥȴǱŷ御۵ס
ʱһЦµľ㲻ң
ƶ¹磬绹ûĵ棿
ŷͺƶʵ
ȻֵôˣۣŷﵱȻǲԸˣأԼóôۣ¼ʦҲ϶зֳɵģȻˣǸﻹҪۣ
׬һԴҵķֳɣŷҲ⣡
Уһ磬ĵ棡
ƶҲʹص
ҲԸˣԸ໨㴫ͷãҲۣ
ŷ΢΢ͷһ֣ͰϵǱսҩռ䣬ȻҲȥ¼ʦվߣɼŮҲæϣҲȥǸ¼ʦһۡ
¼ʦѾ߳ſڵļˣŶʱعǾȻ˺ԼĴڣɫٴαࡣ
Ҳȷͬŷǰ㣬ʮ弶ԴֻҪˣȷһʵķֳɵģңҲҪܾòпôһ⣬ҲղΪλ¶ԭ
ΪԼԭ򣬵ôһʧ˵Ļ֪ãһ֪Լϳģ»ɱԼ
Ͼʮ弶Դڽ˵ʵһСĿң¹Ҳͬ⵽Сʧ
һԼǰ;ȥĵ᲻֪£ҲЩԼղΪҪǰ㣬Ȱ˵
ȣȵȣ
ŷ弸˶ߵˣ¼ʦ̲ס˳ֻͨ죬벻ԼһΪļʦȻȥסʮױСӣ
ԹޣȴԽԽŨңֻҪȵˣСôģһҪϣ
ǣȴû뵽ǣŷͼŮȴǶԼĻδţͲǣԹԵؼţȫȻԼ˿һ㣡
ž
¼ʦ̲סһǰϣֲȫȥԼĶѵֻѹͷŭһġ
ݺһҧǸ쵰ȥ˵˵ԼԹ˿һ֪Լɾ군ˡ
ŷɫȻţûȥ¼ʦôô֪Գ¼ʦԴԸ϶ŹԼģض˽±ԼȻˣǾ͸ȥˣԼͲ˽ɵأ
ɼҲǿˣԲû˵ʲôԹŷʵټǼһ¼ʦ˽±
ԣǸûκεġ
ǾȥɳɣǸȥ
ƶһߣһŷ˵
ŷ΢΢ͷţȥɡ
ʵŷҲּ֪俴ĵ棬̬һ㶼Ǻܺõģ¼ʦļʦǲģͺñһܻôʺ
ŷ弸˸ոߵʱ򣬹ŷ͸ӦǸΪƺ¥Ҳûô⣬ţ¼ʦ޹أҲԲԼ鷳ġ
λǶ𣿡
ȹŷ弸˸ոһ߽ͱǸԱˣӭ˹ְҵ΢Цʵ
ûУǱǸʦϳġ
ŷ΢Цش


324 ڵĳ¼ʦ
ȷûйȥȴڲ¼ʦѿ¼ʦܱڲ˳ͷŷȻֵС
ϾֻһСưˣûʸԼôԹҪԼԶָɵܽޡ
ȻûôԼԼȻҲδѪ˫һѪ

ԱȻû뵽ŷȻشԴһ
ͣˣͱ˵Цˡ
Աһ£˲ͷӦ˹Ա߼ڹĹ˿һ㵵ؿ˹æǿЦŵ
ŷ嵭һЦȴû˵Ҳûȥֱͣſ˹ȥ
ɹŷⲻͣȴΪƪ⼸¶Ȼɣһ˿ԱѾ֪˵ʲôˡ
֪ŷ弸ǱϳĻôܵӰ죬Ҳǿ󣬿⾹ȻϹ˿ͣǾǿҲˣܰ
ûĸߣԸȥָϹ˿͵ĵｻ׵ģʲôùĶҪֵĻȥ¹ˣ
ԿŷˣԱͿʼˣǽҲãҲУ治֪ǺˣǺ޼Ǹĳ¼ʦ
ΪĵԱȻǶԳ¼ʦԸ˽ģһŷߵ⼸ǧĵĴˣλ²ôһ£
֪ôʱȴһԴϵ
λѻ
һԱϾͲ¶˷֮ɫȻˣôӰ飬Ӧòʲôˡ
ŷûʲô飬ȻǵȻԴϣȴ͸һǿѹȸеȴҲͣתԷ
ϷʥֵĵոѵĻ֪ôһ£
ʥȻߣϵıȴҲ׺ͣûһӣϣѸ֪ģʵһһ
ʥ˵ɫǳᶨ˵
ղŹŷ͵ԱĶԻñ¥ˡ
ȻúԶΪ˵СĶԻǼУܹ
ټŷҪߣڽסɲС£й˿Լﱻ˳ȥܵӰ죬һϼ֪ԼҲضԲ˶ߣ
ŷϹŵ΢Цǰͷ㻨ףȴͬƤľˣɵ˵ͷ
ղ˵Ǿ仰ʵǹ˵ʥģΪ˵ʵȷȥˣңڳ¼ʦСƣҲûǸйȥӦʱ仹ʵأ
ԲڸӦʥ˵仰ǸʲôӦ
ɣʥıֺùŷ⣬˶ʹ˳¼ʦĻôԼڽóһЩöۣаӵ˼ŷԶ˵תߣڳ¼ʦҲȻԼֽˡ
࣬ҲֻΪ˷һԼʱˡ
ŷ׼˵ʱȴ¼ʦѾŻŵؼæ˹ԭİѾһ˿ֺ;ؿųʥæ͵ǧᣡûиϣǣҸղ˵Щ˵㣬ûиλ
Ȳţԥǲǰȥ˵Щûʱû뵽ȻѾʼ˵Լˣʱͱ̣޲̾նǧ飡
ûϵǣʱȻǸ쵰Ļ˲ͰǻŭϨ塣
֪ǷǳǳģҪǹŷǻ洫˳ȥԼ֪ôģ
ԣѹжԹŷԹޣææؾ˹ͣΥĵضԹŷƺΪе˼ȴҲȷˣûпڸϹŷ壬ֻ˵һѡ
ǣԼһֱ˵İĸǰ۶һͲԼǰ𣿣
û뵽ȴôһ첻µزµСţѵͲº⵽Լı𣿣
ʵԳ¼ʦôԴΪµһӣһֱûгʲô⣬ʵΪֻЩΪЩΪǿģһ
ЩΪ͵ߣͱĥϺ͹ǿΪĸҲǵ꣬Щǰ۵ߣԳ¼ʦûκߣȻ
ΪԼǿߣԴаǷǳһ¡
˵ʵҲȷˡ
ټϣҲǿһηУԼǳ۵Ķù⣬³¼ʦ˽°Լݸ͸¶ȥȻֿԺСôãֻһСϣ
ˣԳ¼ʦһЩһЩʲôҲûʲô̬ȣҲˣ¼ʦԽԽԽԽΪ˲Ը
ʵֻҪĸеϵߣȥһ֣ܣҲͲг¼ʦˡ
ֻǣȴû˸ôҲûΪϰԸҲԸȥȡԼһϡ
Ҳһֿɱɡ
¼ʦĻʥȴûκαʾˮ¼ʦԸЩ˽⣬һֱûʲô£ߴĵ氲ŹļʦҲһֱûô¡
ȴ룬ȴ£
λѣ֪ʵ㾡˵һһ
ʥû¼ʦʱ򣬵ȻҪȡ˿ˡ
Ҳ¹ŷƾʲôţûĸߣģ
¼ʦʥ˵Ͳһȴ֪ԼûиƾԼղǸ̬ȣҲһ顣
Ҳֻ̬⣬ʥԼôϾԼô˵ҲǴϼˣԼļʦʦҲŲ͵ĵλʥΪ£Լôġ
ǣԼǲȥĻҲԼǰ;żӰ죬ҲһˣԶֻܵײСʦ
ʵʱѾʼںˣԼҪȥ첻µزµСţǰǳŷ壬ʾԼҲº˵
ߣڽ֮Լٸ󣬵ȥû˵ĵطɱˣǼŮģͶԼ
뵽Ǻڲѡ
ֻǣѾˣɲţСţŹôһԼĺûᡣ
ߣĸ˵ʵԼ㱻ǲʦߣҲһŹģһ֪ʲô
¼ʦţȴ룬ͱŷ̬ĵӦˣ룬ŷҲѾ˸˾Ųʮ
ǣٴιһ˿Ц


325 ʥ
ǵģ¼ʦղֻһ㣬һΪҳ۵ƷأҲ˰ɡ
ڳ¼ʦ޹ŷ壬༸˿Ϳô£Աżʱȴ룬ŷȴðôһ仰
˶㵣Ѧ¼˶һɻ󣬲ȴ֪ŷԲôŹ¼ʦģôȻĵ
¼ʦһ㵣оǲţؿŹŷ壬СţôͻȻĿˣѵͨˣұ
ʥЩˣҲûж룬ΪȷͬŷԵǰ㣬ҲΪŷηԼ±º󱨸ŻͻȻĿڵġ
ЩҪֻҪʣû̫ܵӰ죬ν
ǺǣˣǵЩ壬Ҳǲʵ
ʥǺ΢Ц˶٣˵ɣ۵ƷǾͰгļ۸չģгʲôۣǾôգ͵ˡ
ʥĻ¼ʦʱͷӦ˹뵽ŷôҪǰг۸չĻȻеĲۣҲǷǳһ˰ǿˣ
˿ʥ¼ʦ봫һ£һ뵽ղʱǿµӣ뵽Ѿ˵ˣô˿ͣҪٷڵĻǾЦˡ
Ҳֻεذʻ˶ǮҲǣҲںôһˡ
ŷû뵽ԼĿڣȴǵõôһźţȻᣬǲóһЩǺѵõһᰡ
ʵղĿڣɲǷʲôģʲôӳ¼ʦղŵϢв²˶Էµ뷨ңԼ˵˸ղŵ龭¼ʦҲþͻܵʲôʹ룬͸Ŀˡ
Ҳһ󻼣ټһ֪¼ʦǸʲôԸԼû˵ʲôºҲŹԼȻˣǾԼְɣȫ٣½
ѵʱѣҲֻ鷳˵㣬Ҳûʲôѡ
ˣǾͶлˡ
ŷͷ΢΢Ц
ǺǣǼλȥðɡ
ʥǺһЦȴԳź˹ȥüƯԱͳ¼ʦ㶡
Ҫɣʥһ߰һˣӣҪչ
ʵʥˣʵΪԹŷΪΪ̾Ȳûôע⣬һӦȻһһڱԴߣٿ䣬ƺһꣿ
ᣬΪҲǰˣĳӵҲ˵
Ȼͣλ㾪˵Ϊ
ϾʶˣҲô𺳣ֻЩ̾ѣԼϲĸӵܵĻôԼԽӴȴҲݡ
ʥѾȥŷ嵱ȻҲȥˣȺ£Ȼûзĵ
ʥŷ徭ʱȴûпһۣΪڹŷѾһˣܻãҪȡغ͡
ŹŷԼ˿߹ȥŮҲȫûԼ˴һ㣬¼ʦϾʱȻҷֻаѺĵףһУȽɣ뿪¹˵
ʥ󣬼ٴλصǸ棬ʥҲûȥӶ棬ǾվԶԹŷЦСѣҪ۵Ʒó
ŷЦЦҲûԥһ֣ƹƹҵһ죬ɢŲ弶ԴͲռ޴һ
էһôʥжһ˿⣬û뵽Ȼôʮ弶Ҳȷͬ¼ʦеǮʮĲۣ˵㲻ʲô
ֻ¶һ˿⣬ʥϾͻָƽɨһۣ֪ЩԼó̶ȡ
һʮõ弶Դгļ۸һһʱԴʯʮһʱԴʯΣ
ʥ˿ֲûʲôȼĲУͲתͷ˼۸
ŷ΢Цͷûзκ飬ȻҲ˵һ֣ٴδһƹƹҵƬʣҲâһռݡ
ʥ㵣Ϊʮ弶Ѿȫˣû뵽ȻУңǺóȼƺġ
ļϣÿһȼ֮ĲۣǼԣһ弶Դļ۸һʱԴʯôһԴļ۸ôʱԴʯֱǱ弶ķ˼ʮ
һԴļ۸񣬾൱ǰóʮ弶Դܼۣŷóģȴʮңʥ˻
ŷҲ˵ֻ΢Цؿʥȴۡ
ĳɼŮϵûʲô飬ղʥ˵չͰг۸ʱǾ֪ŷ뷨ˣôõı˶ռҲͲǹŷˡ
Ǻǣ벻СѾȻС
ʥϱ鲻䣬ҲûôɨһۣͿ۵мۣһԴΪʱԴʯʮҲһʮʱԴʯһʮ߲ʱԴʯ
˵ʥȴǶ˶٣Цʵ֪СѻûҪ۵ģеĻȫóɡ
ŷԣһЦҲóһЩǣѾóôˣþͲʥľɣⷴΪá
˵г۳ۺˣǣСһĺãϾ֮Ĳ
ҫʯЩѾҪóˣô౾Դʯ㹻ԼϷǳһʱˣڣҲ衣
ûˣôࡣ
ŷ΢Цҡͷ
ŷĻʥĵȴǲһ¹ŷó߼ʮĲۣЩˣó͵ˡ
ǺǣǺãʮ߲ʺʱԴʯСպã
ʥҲ˵һ֣ʮŹâҫ۵ıԴʯͰ˹ŷǰϣŷûʲô飬ѦҲܵ򻮹һ˿ϲȻҲָƽֻкƶۺ⣬޲ðʮűԴʯȫڻһģ
ǶлˣԺʲôƷҲɻ۵ġȻ鴫
ĻֲҪǮңŷҲȷʥıֺ⣬ǼǽǮǳɴ࣬ûһīҲʼնûʹЩԴԼԼݵκλҲǹŷΪĵطˡ
ллСѵĿ϶ҲԺлܼ¹ۡ
ʥЦЦȴһ˿ʣղţǰΪղſǿԼóô౾Դʯоϲûһ㣬ʼƽˮȻ
Ϊȵǣǹŷ꣬ļŮӣǸòѷ֮⣬λȴҲͬǺƽҲԹŷ弸˸Ϊ


326 ˵
Ȼ棬¹ĵҲΥ涨ȥ̽˼ҵ˽
֪˹ŷݣҲԲй¶˿˽ļɻ䡣
ȻˣŷҲû׼˱Դʯ֮󣬾׼ȥ
ʥҲûڵԱͳ¼ʦ㵵ĿУ԰ѹŷ弸͵ſڣȻתصꡣ
һϻȻĳ¼ʦĿͲɳȴҲû˵ʲôؿһۣתȥˡ
ղ¥ֻɢɢĴߣȴû뵽£Ҳţʲôʱϼ棬Ҫ˳¼ʦ
վԭصĳ¼ʦղȴǱʥĿ⿴һģԼô˵ԼʦŲСĵλǳ¼ʦϾһĵµĹҲȷԼϣҪԼôˣԼʦҲûʲô˵
ʥҲֻǿԼһ۾ˣ¼ʦͲһԭҲһԱƯԱԼʱԴĿ⣬ʱߡ
£Ȼŷ岢û˵ʲôˣ¹Ҳоϲʣ˼ƽʱ¼ʦ۸߹İ̬ȣԼŮԱʱɫеı飬ʱȻû˭ɫ
ΪĵԱû¼ʦ﹤ģ㻹˽±ɣ
һʥ֪ԳԲ˶ߣ
ߣǸ쵰СӣҲ㱻ʥãڵԱǰ棬Ϊ㲻˵ʵ飬Ͳ⵽ҵı
ߣ̫ˣ
¼ʦ˿ûŷġ顯ԽԽջһʮױߣȻǵҵͷϣ
ߵǼŮΪҲÿһ׵ģƾԼΪǣ
¼ʦݵţ뵽Ѧ¼Ůи
Ǽ椵Ǿɫ˫治֪ǸСô⼸椵ġ
ǰȥٹŷ壬ԼȥٵʱһȴͻȻĶС
һһߣǰţʲôţ㲻˵ҪŪ庮㣬ҲŪ㣡
¼ʦʱһϤǸСġ
һе˼СһſͱɫӶһ˫Ҳ߬ýģɱҲ˲ð˳
ôҲû뵽ԼûȥСӵ鷳ȻԼ⻹һαԼ߸ӣ
ԡŭеûʱȥǣŷǿƷǳȵӣΪλ˵ղͬСƦӣСƵĻ
ҲͬûȥǣԼΪߵǼŮӦҲܿˣΪȴΪԼһһߣ
ûǸȥЩΪ˼ѾŭˣѾɥʧеǡ
쵰ӵţһҪ֪ʲôҲһҪۿǼɧŮҿ롣
ǻ͸¶ϢģԳ¼ʦҲǻŭֱôŭ
꣬к򣬾ڼԱɻĿУһɱŴ͹Ļȥ
ҲҺǰȴʵԻǴһǵġ
˿ֻ̺Ǹ쵰Ҳֻýȥ򣬼ļʦҲ˵ɱ٣¹Ҳ϶ȱ첲ȣһôҲٲ˵ġ
Ѿ뼸Ů͹ĻĹŷ壬Ӧŭĳ¼ʦǲĻȡ
ղŹֲ֪ߵغƦ϶˳¼ʦӾԻܲˣԼĿѾﵽˡ
һΣ治֪סְԴ󣬱һͷԷȣʲôܲ˵ˣôôģ
ⲻò˵Ǹ漣
ŷ壬滵
ɼȻ֪ŷƵģɶЦһοŷȻˣһ͹졣
ŷɱ˸ǺֱײİԵΨҶİͲȥüƲȥ˼ңȷͷһ⡣
ŷǼ⣬Щεص¹磬ôѵҾôûӵ𣿡
ȴŷ⻰󣬳ɼ˾Ƿǳ϶ص˵ͷŷ
Ҳûӣ̫Ͳмȥʹ⣬ο㾹ȻûɱǸˣöԷԸϵ㼤ŭԷǸеܹ죬ܸоⲻԸ񡣡
ɼŷЩƵģȴЦ̵غ͹ŷ͵
ŷȻŵ΢ЦûȥӳɵĻ
֪ȷԼԸԼʲôˬͻԥɱ˵ģɲܶԷı˭Ҳġ
ˬˣɱӽ߿ʼһֱԸ
ǣҰĿѵ֪࣬һʣΡ
ԼΪǶԱЩԼСÿ˵ûУкʸȥ
кʸȥ
ԼѾǹһˣԼ󣬻ڶֵܣв˭ΪԼԭȥĻŷһӶԭԼ
ԣҲֻԣŬΪʵ˶Ϊ֮֮ʣԶΪɱ˭ɱ˭ͲȥںԷ˭ʸ
ղţԼԸ񣬵ɱǸ¼ʦĻһҲܲˣԼ˵ܵˣԼԶҲԭԼˡ
⣬ҲΪγ¼ʦǳԼվȴȻѹŭԭˡ
ҪǸǰһƺˣ
Ůһ㶼ǳУŷǳЦ⣬֪뷨ˡ
֪ŷԼһʱŭǣȴ֪ŷһˡ
˵ǳˣ˵Ѧºͺƶܿŷֹ͸Žˣǳ⣬ȫΪԼܵ˺
뵽Ůļ䶼ůůģɣ̵ģԼϲںԼĽʱ£ʲô±˸˵
߰ɣҪˣȥ庮Ȼȥɡ
ŷǲ˷һʱˣҪþܶʱ䣬ܿԼΪΪѹ»ĸоĺܲˬ
ңҲȻٰǶӹһƬգҪڻҰ½һ֮ˡ
ţ
ŮͷȻ͹Ļ涪һʱԴʯâ˱ʧ
˸ոմߣ¼ʦʹԶһŭشҴÿŷ弸ʧӰǾһЦ
£һ
Ȼٶ룬һ֣űԴʯ˴Уŷ˸ղŴߵ꣬ʧ˹ĻС


327 ħĻҲţ
¼ʦֻоǰһȻͳδС硣
ȻԴ󣬺ܰҲɵһǷǳؿ˿Χ־һԭҳǸ쵰СӺǼŮ֮⣬ûбߴˡ
ڷȻĿתһȻĹŷ壬һЦ
ĵӻ治һĴ󰡣ΪͿ⼸С椣ܡ
¼ʦЦ˵ǣ俪׻û˵꣬ƺǱ͵˲ӣһ˫ţô۾ֱֱؿ˹ŷ塣
ӳģ޴ޱȣĸͷȻǸΪСޱȵıߣȻԼ˹˸ɱ⣬
ȷǱŷһһ˻û˭ֲʹңƺҲʹ似ɣ
ͷֻ̾ͷӦ˹Ȼŷһȴͷĵȼƺֻļң̫߼ңԷΪԼ˵Ҳʵ̫ˡ
ٺ٣Ǹ֪ߵغţӡ
¼ʦ߹ŲмЦǰԼͷĻҲ޷ס˲߶ҲӭȥվԭأһЦصŹŷɱƺŷѾһˡ
ŷ忴¼ʦߵЦû˿飬ҲûͷųԸҪõ
ŮҲͬûκαؿţû˿ģΪѦ¶ɱ˶Էɺͺƶа˼ļӳ֣Ҳܣοǹŷ壿
ŷϵĵȻԼŮ޶Եı飬¼ʦڷЩԾˣСӿԼʵΪ⼸ŮӦҲܿ
ΪʲôҲǰæȻһӭսԼ
ңҲȻ뵽ȻСӶܳʮ弶ԴˣΪλֻļ
Բ߼
ڷֲԾѾˣʱϸκӦԣֻѹеľɣɫҲ
ŷֳ޴ͷͬڵĺˮӿ븫ͷУת˲ѣͷ֮ϾѾ̺ǿϰ˼ǿһͬʱһߣû˭ԵֵһС
¼ʦӭ濳һͷԼӦ̺ǿﻹ᲻֪ǰСԭһ˿Լǿߣ
Ȼޱȣ𺳹ŷͣ𺳶ԷԼǿ򣬿ʱŷĹѾҲֻҧӲƴͷǰԼΪڲŷֶԷĲԾ
˵֪˹ŷ϶һԼǿߣȴҲû̫ģȲ˵Լеʦ͸Լ˵似ҲǬߵȵģսһֻԼǿҶԷûͷųһУԼҲþͻ䡣
ǶԷͷųԼܻеѹɲԼôƻ䡣
ҲǳĽ¹ŷһУۼѾٶ룬̧־ŷֵȥ
硭
ֻһ죬¼ʦԭܵɫȻ֮䣬ӦŶԷ޿ƥУ̩ɽѹӴϣת˲ò԰ֽ͸¶һ˿塣
û뵽ԷȻ֮ǿȻ˿һĽ׳ڱԴߵͨˣֻһжѣԼұ۾ѾǶһ㣬ûȥսԼؿڣҲԷ̺ұ۳룬سԼš
һİԼ壬һΪؼؿλãɫ޲͸¶żȵĿ־壬֪ԼˣֱΣգҪͿԷĿˡ
ǻ˵ҲֻƻһԼѣǿĻֱܻܿӿԼֻ࣬Ҫһ飬ʮױԴǿߣҲ޷
ܹһӷһŰ˼ߵȵҩ򣬱ɣ
ʱҲȻѣƺԼԴԼǬߵ似ڶԷԵʵǰͲһңԷ似˿ҲԼϰ֡
־壬⣬Թ޵ȵȸļ䣬ԼΪ˳嶯Էһʼ͵Ȼı飬Լ߸ŵļŮӣԼӦòµмǿʵǰ㵭Ȼ
ΪʼߣŮӸߣ¶Ϊ
һУѾˡ
㲻ɱңҵʦһʦɱңʦһΪұģ
ŶԷһͷѾԼٿŶԷƽȴĿ־Ҳ˲ʲô棬Ъ˹ı
ǣŷȴȻΪ϶ûκĲźȻľ޸԰Ե׵ƣ͵С
͡
һ΢죬ټѪһ¼ʦֻоԼ䴦һٸоԼȥȻһûϰվԭأʱ
Ȼϣԣû⵽𻵣ûȥǣֱһΡĿ־;ȴʴԺļ䡣
𣬱ɱңˣˣ𡭡
ŷ˫ȻȻĹŷ壬һֱΪСӵĻ쵰ڳ׷ϺͰϻޱȣæĵ
ŷȴ΢΢һЦǰȥ̧žͲ˶Էϣֱǰѳ¼ʦǰ׿ȵñ״ֽϵ
ңҽϵܷŹ𣿡
¼ʦŷĻкһ˿ϣæʵ
ŷЦЦҲ˵˵ͷ
ŷͷ¼ʦдϲæֽϵȻֽĶǳۣɺԼҲʲôˡ
ŷҲûǰͷջʶУȻָһһâͳ¼ʦǸָֽȥһ죬Ǹָ˲ĩŷһָöֽͷɵԼС
Ӧһ£ֽȷ¼ʦ˾ϵ뾫һȷвټֵƵĺöŷͲһЦĶȻֵ̫ǮҲˡ
㣬˵ɱҵġ
ŷĿٴԼΪʹʹûһѪɫ¼ʦͼæ˵оǿ־塣
ŷٴһЦ̧˲ڳ¼ʦϵĽţתߣó¼ʦйâһš
˵ӵš
ȻŷŹҲסһԹŷԹޣȴ˿û޲ͰѹŷĥȥǼŮģͳͳŹ
ɼŮ¼ʦ˸Ľٺ˷ܣεҡҡͷ治֪ôģҲ֪ʲôԴӡ
ħĻȻҲţ
ŷǣҲ΢΢Ȼһǻڳ¼ʦؿڵǹɱԴ֮ҲĿ£ɫٴξޱĳ¼ʦȥ


328 ɽ׷
ɱ˳¼ʦ֮󣬹ŷûκεǣһСưˣôQҲˡ
ƶȻˮ½ɡ
ŷתͷƶ˵
õģǼŶ
ƶ˵ͷȻҲ˵ԣߵ͹ĻԣűԴʯһֱӴ͵ˮ½硣
ˣ鶼ѾˣҲȥ¹ɡ
ŷ˸ԳɶŮ
󣬴͹Ļٴһ˵Ӱʧ庮磬ֻ³¼ʦʵԭأǸطҲǰЩȥĵط
ҲҪ˶ã¼ʦҲᲽ۶˵ĺ󳾣⻨ݵķϡ
¹ṩ˵֮أǳصҲԶңңԼ
һƬ羰֮أ滷ɽмһṩĵطҲΧ
ŷ弸˲Ÿո߽ɽһŮ߰¡
λ
Ůʵ
ġ
ŷҲû˵֪ԷӦþԸЦ
Ůߵ˵ͷҲ˵˵Ҫ˵ļ۸񣬲һ
֮ǰɾͰЩ͹ŷ彲ˣҲû⣬֪ڿԽȥ𣿡
ԣȰѱԴʯ˰ɣһʱԴʯ˾һſţҪã
°ɡ
Ȼ󣬹ŷڶԷĿУֱһ֣óʱԴʯЩ㹻µˡ
Ů߼ŷԥóʱԴʯ¶һ˿ȣû뵽ŵ͵ߣȻһ¾óôʱԴʯ۶գһµģеǹ졣
óЩԴʯǵģƺȱǮôᴩôõ·أ
Ҳûж룬ôߣӹĶȥˣǾͽӹ˹ŷʱԴʯɫҲԻ˲٣ɻԵú䣬УǸɣ
˵꣬ɽһСȥСֱͨǸߵˡ
һ߽СŷԸоܵıԴ֮ҪطŨ˼࣬Ũ̶ȵӣǲҪϲ١
һ·޻ɺѦһǰ·ӣЩʲôҲʻ˶Ǽ˸ɴʲôʣʼؿܵķ羰
ķ羰ȷ˫ɽеСϣҲȻǱʢ컨䣬һСĸ質ԼĿһĿ
ⱾԴ֮ŨҲǺΧĻйصġ
Խã羰ԽԴ֮ԽŨ庮ǸʯͷŷѸоԴ֮ĴڣȻҰ½ıԴ֮Ҫ٣һ߳Դ֮𽥿ʼָ
һ߿羰һߣȻû˵ҲģԽߣܵԽŨȵŷֻоԼʮʱһ޴ޱȣѽԵĺͳǰ

Ůһ˵ؿһ룬Լȴǿң͸һ˷ܡ
ŷҲͬص˵ͷǺΧҲǸָĻţ˱ǣֺš
ں֮ϣʱʱĶв֪ȺɹһöĻУΡɽ壬ԺŭŻݣʹȷͬһ˼ɾһ㡣
ǰŮ߶ԳɶŮ̾Ѽֲˣǰ·ȴûˣͻȻֲʮСһȥ
ŷҲû˵ֻԵûκνҲûһߣ֪ںԵңطıԴ֮Ũ̶ȣҲѾʮ
ȻŷӥϬĿͿǰǰΧźұϣƺֲɽٶһǷЩɽȻģ˹ģʱȻ˹
ĵطұˣҲȷܲ
Ȼ󣬹ŷϰԵķſ򣬷߻治٣ңЩƺûһ׵ģĽ׸֣ռ˴롣
ڶ׺һ׵ߣȴһûУҲԣһһ׶׵ߵȷûǸҲֻϵߣǿܹһ
ȻŷȻ֣ȻһڿշУǾˣҪ֪¹ߣûϵΪҲǾԲеģһ⵽¹Щǿߴʹ
ֻҪ˱ԴʯǿԷеġ
ƺǸо˹ŷͳɵ˵ɻ;ȣǰߵŮڻعͷΪǽ͵
ȻҲܵҷɣֻڽ붴ѨʱſԷУǿҪסˣ
Ů־˹ŷһȻֽ뵽Ĭ
ŷ˵˵ͷЩѨŪڶ͵±ϣҲֻзУܽ롣
ˣǸɡ
һŮ˵ôһ仰Ȼڿնֱߵ£ŷ弸ҲȥŮһ··С
ЩѨֲúܼȴңһһź룬ɵмʱŮ߾ָͣŵѨŹŷ˵£ɡ
Ȼָұ߼ĶѨ˵Ҫʲô߳Էȥɡ
仰һ˵꣬Ͳȹŷ˻Ӧ嶥˻ȥ
Ůߺ󣬹ŷЦŶԳɺѦʣѡĸ
ָұߵһѦָߵһŷҲֻʣмˣ˵УȽȥʰʰɣȻȥǱ߳Ե㶫Ϳʼˡ
Ů˵ͷԵĶѨȥŷҲͷɽмǸѨ
Ѩڲֻ룬ȴǺܴ߽棬ŷ巢澹ȻĸСѨҸ
Ŀһɨŷ֪ЩѨǸˣһҺһұһԡһӦרĶѨ֣͸һ׷Ƶġ
ȻЩѨûŵģҲҪڵ߽ǿġ
Ҳû˻߽˵ĶѨһʲôìܺͳͻǿ϶Ҫ¹ͷģ㲻пܣԹŷҲĻ˭óȻɶŮķ͵
⼸ѨǷɣ⼸ĶҲһȱӵӵʲôУһǳɾ̵࣬ıʲôҲµģߺ󣬻רŷ岻ɶˡ
ȻûʲôʰģƷҲֱӷҩռǣ˿ŷת˳ȥ׼ͼŮȥԵ㶫ٻһ
⣬ɺѦҲ˳ȻҲûʲôʰģǼҲͲٶ𣬾ҷǼĶѨȥ


329 ̫
ò˵֮ȷŪ÷ǳԻ
⼸޴ޱȵĶѨֱΪݣӻ꣬װ꣬ҩꡣ
ÿһѨǳ󣬲ȳǳĵСƷҲӦоУ򵽵ģҲһԡ
ĵûʲôҪ·ʲôĶԴģʱҲֻǳԵ㶫ѡ
мǼҷݣŷ弸˾̤˽ȥ˲ֻ࣬߰˸ڳŷһƹԼһС
էһ߽ǧĵĴŮԼһƺֻʮױΪõ꣬ǾͶʱһ㶡
ʵڸ㲻ΪﻹһʮױߣңߵŮ飬Ҳûһ׵ģ
ŷ弸ҲûЩ˵ľĿ⣬ԹԵ߽ȥڻعĵСĴһпұڵĳǰŷԼһߣɺѦ档
λˣҪʲô
СûΪŷΪóҲֻһһױԴ߰ˣΪԼ͸ŷʵΪҲûие̫졣
ϵʲô˰ɡ
¹ҲûʲôóԵĶȥҲǼŷҲȥ㣬ֱӻ˵
ϣλԵȣ
ģȻǮԵСæӦһҲûʵʲôλģȥ˰ȥˡ
һ˾Ѿ룬ЩԷߣȻȫ͵͵ڶŮţҲû˭ʲô飬Ƕֻɢ߰ˣΪŷĸĵӣȻǲԼ鷳
극Ҳͷ׷ŸԵĶѨȥɺѦ´к󣬹ŷҲͽԼĶѨڡ
棬ŷҲûȥȻóԡͰȻע˲ˮﵹƿҩҺؿʼ
ȻʱٲһģڹŷҲõϴιǸ񱭣ͦһ衣
ӣ·ŷ߽Ǹרķ
İޱȼ򵥣ֻһս̵룬Ȼʲôûˡ
ŷȻҲЩСϸڣѾϰڶοܱȻҰ½Щյðɣ
ߵ̵ǰϥһŵҩȻ˫ĿȫΧǳޱȵıԴ֮
ΪǰݵǸҩԡ裬Ȼ̷һŵҩӴҩҲһȫɢټϹŷȫſеıԴ֮һſѨҲԷǳȻٶȳš
ŷӴƥľǣϳʵһſѨϣȴһϲޱı飬ȻûΪıǶκ˷ܡ
Ȳ˵ʾٶȹŷ֮ǰѾϵˣ˵ٶȣŷҲѾ֪ٻˣĸûһ㲨

ʱ仺ÿ죬е˶ʱһȥݳԷȻͻһʱ䶼᲻˷ѣ˵ΪҲֿ̿Ļͻͽ
תۼ䣬һ¹ȥ
ΪһƿƷҩİʱɺѦµĽԡ
Ѧ¾Ͳ˵ˣǼ±ͻƣûľһϰȻûκѹģڵһͻƵ׳Ϊ
֮ǰҲѾͻˣټʺԶܲЩƷҩҲһһҲһ׳ڱԴˡ
ٿŷ壬ǿֲٶȾͲö˵ˣͷʮѾɹһĩڣȻĶʮֱ˶׳ڡ
⻹ʣµ£ŷȫͻƣܽʡʱʱȥǾ͵ʱ˵ˡ
ŷ壬Ϊôˣ
һ¹ȥɺѦµϣֹסϲ֮ɫȻһȡ˽ϴĽչ
ʱڷݵǸλãһŷʵ
ÿ죬ҲֻгԷʱǲŻϼ䣬ʱ򶼴ԼĶѨ
ٷ۹ŷ壬ʼһȻƽûһͻƵϲ֮УͺͻƵĲһ㡣
ҵΪˣµһ£Ҿר似ˡ
ɵʻŷЦŻش
Ϊˣ
һ׹ŷ˵⻰ʲô˼֪ŷľ磬ֻǣһ似
⣬Ҳ̫˷˰ɣ
似ҲûбԴ֮Ũ̶ȵư
ŷ΢ЦͷȻˮ˿ڣʵأô
ŷϺһʱԴʯô˷ѵԼ˵ĽȣɾЩˡ
漴һ룬ʮ߲ʱԴʯˣƺÿʱԴʯ˷ѣҲ㲻ʲôˡ
һУҲ˶׳۷壬һ£㹻ˣ
ıһһϲصϸΪ˶ȻһĨ˵̺졣
ŷͷٶʵ죬ȻְĿתѦ£ѦҲϴЦһ£аհΪĩڣ
ѦԴŵĻŷͳȴҲûʲô⣬Ͼ˼һ߽ߣֻǻָѣôƷҩȻǻѸݡ
ǾͺãһɣȥǿҪ׼ʼжˡ
ŷ΢ЦĿһâҲʧϣǿʼ֮ʱˣ
ŷҲţǼ˵ʵʱûĸСԵֵסԼˣǼߴ磬ܿܿС磬Ҳһ
ȲȡжģɱЩСǸֻױԴӻˣȻ㿪ʼһǣֱȫ˵ЩΪֹ
ţ֪ģ
ѦºͳɵȻ֪ŷĴģԶͷʾס
һ˱룬Ϊ춼˳ԷǵСҲԼ˶ϤˣȲȫ󣬲ЦŶԼ˵λã¾ͽң
ŷЦֶСһöɫԴҵСѣȵСϲ뿪󣬼˱㿪ʼ
ٷԵõҲڣǣгȴﶼС
ңλƯĴŮԣܹضȹ£ѾǷǳ˵ˡ
˳꣬׼뿪֮ʣȴǺȻɽߣŷһò䣬ȴʵǹŷĺЩˡ
ԭŷ廹ûô⣬ֻ΢Щ˵Ϊѣ⻹֮󣬵һηΪе׵ߵ
Ҳֻһλǵ׵ģֻжĩΪһĩΪ˵òҲúЩƣŷȴΪֵܣǣӦǸӹϵ
ȻЩҲֻ˹ŷĺİˣûȥǣվ׼ͼŮ뿪
ף
׼ȥˣӭǸӦǶӵľͷһȵףĿҲ벻ĶŮˣ̰¿ŮĽ˿˼Էĸܡ
ŷ˾Ͳüͷ˵ʵССϺĵȷӵý񲻹ȥ˴ڡ
ԷΪŷǺȤȨûпԷֱɫеĿ⣬ҪͶŮƹȥ
λԹҪҪһһ٣
ĩΪġӡȻһ¾͵˼ǰĿȴǿûŷһۣǶųɺѦһɫеЦŵ
ŷ弸ʵˣԼȥɣȴԼȥ·ʹƵý
񣡡
ǸӿԼĶӾȻסԷȥ·ͲüͷǿУǸһŮӣһߣԼҲֻһѡ
ǸŮӣҲж׳ΪҲֻǸһ۵꣬ƺʮױѡ
ﵹǷǳ棬ôһΪôģҪ֪˱Դ֮֮⣬ıŨ̶ȿһ
һߣҪͻƱԴߣҲﰡ˷Ǯ
һɫ꣬Ͳɲ֣ûɶֻǳԷûУûԣҾǹͶѡ
ǸƺԼû취ղŽסҲֻǲǳʲô鷳ѣȴʲôŮĻеͣɶԼҲûʲôá
ΪǾԲ׼ɱģʲôԹֻг¹˵ʱԼΪҲͳɹͻƵĽˣԼĶӣҲͻƵףȻ˳ɶŮΪȴҲη塣
οǸ۵ţҲԲĳǿˣôܴ·
ΪλҲֻ˸ʺŪ˵ǮȻһߡ
Լ˵ˣȴҲû˵ʲôһ΢ЦվԭأؿԼĶӣӣ֧ӵˡ
ŷ˶񣬿⸸ӣˣⶼʲôʲôбҪôྮ֮Ӭ
ŷǸһɫУ˵ʲôε³һۣ
Ҳûмдκƣ⸸ӶȴΪ̶
һһߣȻԼ
ǸɫͲѿŹŷһǿʼͷųƣȻҪѹѹȹŷ塣
Ǹ꣬͵ذθŹŷ˵ʲôСӣٸ˵һ飿
ŷκΰԸ̾ΪϾôĵĵأ
ңЩˣƫƫÿζԼϣ
ϾϰɣҲаҲΪÿζΪסһеأ
λҪڴ˴ʲôԹȥ
ʱСæ˹ղŵҲҲʵԴеĸӸŪˡ
ʱҲûڣֻйŷ弸˼ԸڣŷҲûôй˷񾭣ٴε˵˸
ΣûдκƣǵȻԼȴֱӹŷǸһð
Ůڲ࣬ŷǾ䡮̲סҧأŭ֮ʱȻٿ˿ǵСͲһСӣҪ棬ҲŪ㣡
ŷȥںԴߣвĻѾ֪˵ˣЩˣһ̡
Ȼˣŷ廹涪ȥɵ±ǻͷСһЦȻڵȥ
Сӣб±ܰбĸ磬Ū㲻
ŷʼձŵĵȻɫٿ˿ҲͬһмԼŮ͸оԼӣʱ߳ŭصͺ
ŷоԼˣΪʲôĵ˺Լİ
˵ʱ򣬶֪ɱ˶ˣô磬ҲȻֲӬ
һǼһʲô¼ʦһǰ
ðɺðɣ˵˵ĸģȥǡ
ŷ֪˵Էǿ϶ȥģȻȥʲôǵĽҲֻܣˣôʸԼһȥרɱǣ
ɱֲɱֻˡ
ŷ˵ȴҲû룬ΪŷԴ󣬡ߣӻģǡ
ٺ٣ʮ󣬳Сӣҿǵ
ӻ磿
ȴ룬֣ŷѦ¶һӻ磬ǲǵΧʦǸԼղŻĥŵһֵǸС


330 죡
Ѧ˵ΧɱʦʦǼߴ磬ȷ¹ϽڵС硣
ӻ磬֮һ
Уһȥġ
ŷԭεǺȻ΢΢¶Ц
ֻЦݣ꣬ԼȴԵеġ
أŷҲǷܣӻ磬ȷǻȥ
ȻùŷЦЩ죬ȴûô⣬Ŀٴ̰ɨ˶ŮһۣȴҲôˣӵĿ˹ŷһۣһҲùӣ͸һ˽ȥ
׿ŹŷȥıӰȴüͷܸоŷղǸЦݺЩģһ룬Ǹֻô󣬾ǵɣԼΪҲܿҲٶ룬ɨһۼ˷ߵӰͳԼӵͷҲ߽˷ݡ
ڿеطţѦ¾̲סһЦעǵ˰ⶼûʼأˡ
Ȼŷû˵ľƻѦȴҲܹԼµóģʵ¹Ͻڵӻ磬ȻǵһĿˡ
ŷҲ̲סЦǺǣ˵ȥӻһºǾȥɡ
ţҲôΪģ
ѦµͷԹŷԼ˵ΪǸղ˶ĽΪҲȻ壬а˼֣ȫġ
˵ǰʱҲԼĹڸˣǿǱȵģټϰ˼ԳΪӦ׳ҵߣҲȫ⣬Ҳ͸ûʲôõĵˡ
С˼䣬ȻԻص˶Ѩڣʼ
ŷصѨ󣬱ûٿʼԼѾǶΪˣľûϣûа취ʲôˣһµʱ䣬Ӧ㹻似ˡ
ĺôףɻʱ쳢ԵĻŷ廹ܹģֻҪʮʱ򣬹ŷҲܹ似
ٶ룬ϥãһŷͿʼ˽ĺ
ϴɽ֮۵ʱ򣬾ǳ˺öŽģôೢ֮󣬹ŷҲ˽ĺĴŹɡ
ȻֹɣҲֻǶԣϾÿһ˵ľͬ뷨ͬԸߵͲֱͬӰĺĳɹʡ
ôˣԸߵҲ٣ʲôɵĻǽĺҲûôˣ٣ѵһԲߣǧ궼һΡ
ŷĹɣҲ˵ģֻһָо˵о
ʱ仺ŷ岻ϻŵָоҲһƬо֮⣬κ
ʱʧһһҹʱôȥˣ;ŷûͣ£ҲûɶŮһͬǰȥԷ
ҲкüҪôǳĹؼʱûҪôѦ£һ֮ûȵͻԼȥԣһٲԣȫûӰ졣
һҹȥŷһȻôöûκηӦŷȴҲ˿٣ȫעһ鳢š
ĳ¶һ͸Ĺâʱŷž޲飬Ȼ͵һʶ˲ǵĳޱߺ֮УΧһ似
֪һҹĳԣԼڽ˾Υĺ
ңپγ֮󣬹ŷܹµֹˣһνʱ䣬ŷŻθΪݡ
ǽˣϴŵȴûеõϴԼΰѸ似ͼ似ںһγһԼ似
ǣһǰԵһȴٶȺ͹죬ȫֽȻͬķֲͬ͵Ľ似ȥںϵĻôһܣ֣ȴǲôܣٰճ˼ܡ
ҲȷûĸԹû뵽ǸͲȥ룬⡣
ɹŷˣԽǲܣԽҪȥΪţûǾͲǲܵģҲֻΪûţûƣȥԡ
ǳˣûгɹûмȥˡ
˵ŷ뷨ҲֻҪѼ似ٶȵƺ;ȥˣ˵ںһ𣬹ŷ廹ûǸ̶ȣΪˣҲǲɵ
ٴν뵽似ŷ岻غ˿ΧɸѡķֱΪžŰʮһ似ŷͲص˵ͷ
Щ似һУԼ˲ʱ似澫ѡǿģЩģȫˡ
ȻҲ˵Щ似ʩչͲˣ٣κһʩչȥҫ۵Ĺ⻪̬Уȴ̺Żص
ˮõ壬ޣһˡ
ȥЩûõģ޲뷨ٴοʼں֮·
ɣ˴δɹǴδ߹·Ƿǳѵģûָ㣬û÷ֻԼ
ôҩ棬ʲôŷ嶼ԼǰҲϰû˽̵ָĸо
ңԼģҪ˽̵ָø̣ŷΪġ
ֲͬ似еһʽںţûκ⣬ÿһεĳԣʧܸա
ŷȴȻûκβʧÿζȡϴʧܵĽۣʧܵԭ
ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ػ

ڣɺѦ»Ǹϵطһһߣسŷ
ԱϣףҪһЩĿֻǲɨŮ沢û˶ĵɫʡ
ŮĿ⣬ȴֺǿϱһ䲻ģȴҲԵ÷ǳ
̰زڶŮɨţ˫ɫе˫۵ɵֱӵӶҪһ㣬Ҳڲ¹ţʳʿˮ
ÿһοˮᷢһ죬Ů߶ǽüͷһƬģûһʳ
ԽԽƵĿ⣬ҲԻҲԼˣҪŭȻᱻôǿ϶ˡ
עһ㡣
εԼӵԴһ£תͷ¶ƵǸһЦߣҲ׳ڣлĽ׵ߴڣûǸӣҲûǸʸȥװ
ȻҲûӵģЩ¶ɱߣŵæӣסԼʿˮĶĶȻʼ˷Լľš
ˣǿͣڹŷǰԡţ׶ֻСⲻǵǰ˿ûСţ˼
һԣɺѦҲǰԶһѣôЩȴҲѾϰֶģôϰߣǰķˣȴҲûʲôʳ
ɲƵƿԼ룬ҲȥԱߵһۣԴĵسѦʵ½㣬ⶼˣŷôѽʲô°ɣ
ŷĺѾ˾죬ɵҲǵôЩŷ岻ԲȻʲôǵʱǲǳʲôӡ
Ӧòġ
ѦϵûʲôģҹøĴߣҹøķڣʲôӣҲʲôģ룬⼸ǽĳؼɡ
΢΢ͷҲȻɲŷǸʲôȼģȴ֪ܱҩãô˵ҲǸƷɣ
ÿÿһ뵽ŷȻӵ͸оЩһ㡣
ǿδ˵ĸһ׶ױԴ߾ӵģ߽װ˽ߣû˭ӵаɣ
ŷӵۺʵжǿ
˵Ѧ˵ŷǸֻһҩô˵Ҳһ̶ȣ¾ĽױԴߵĹ޷ʲô˺ɣ
Ҫ뷨ŷ֪ˣ͵úˣɻҩûгɹ˵ˣ
ҿǲ˰ɣ
ŮţһһֱŶȴǲɹЦһſ
ɺѦ¶˺ÿüͷ죬ÿԷ׾ͻţƤһĸǿɲǹŷ壬ֻҪעһ£ܷǵĶ
ÿһΣ˸һͻÿζԱߵŲϣʼŭ⼸䣬ɶԷȴ˿⣬Ƥ˷ָţƤһţԷû֣ҲôҲֻˡ
ĻɺѦ¾Ͳؿۣջǰ˶ԷǺǽƤϣ֮£ֻлһͷվʣȥ
Ҳȥţٴ˶ŮǶıӰһۣҲعͷ
ף˵СӺŮĻȥӻҪǾͼŰɣߵʱٸţҲͲܶˣ
һعͷͼеʵ
Сӣͷİɣ᲻ȥġ
ָ˵ԼӣЦ˵
ʵҲ֪ԼΪʲôͻȷСӻȥӻ磬ԤУоСһȥġ
Լ׵ĻŲɣ˵СӻȥǾһȥġ
ǣȴǲ֪Ҫȶ죬һ춼̲סҪɱСӣȻռˮˡ
Ϊĸףƨһ֪ԼҪʲôʺ
Ů޵ȷˮýҪԼϲģ̲סᶯˡ
𼱣Ҳ̫õģȰѸոͻƵΪ̹̣ǾȻȥĵţҪ͵ǻȥɼţҲܲˡ
һʳһ߾׽һƵ˵
׼ȻѾƺˣҲ˷ܵص˵ͷеĿһ˸ͺ񣬳ɺѦ¶ŮѾ֮ˡ

ڶѨ֮ڣŷɱʼǸţһ̶ûһֱĺС
ĺڣŷѾ֪Լǵڶٱ似ںˣֻо˿ԼѷʱлʵΣա
Ҳȫעؿ似ںϣûҩô࣬ܲסʱð죬ŷȫһ̲ͣһһںţٱ̬ľҲⲻסġ
ȻͨҲͰˣƲƣ룬Ǵ죡
似ǰµ似ȫ¡
ôЩŬҲȫǰ׷ˣȻûȡʲôɹٹŷҲʧܵԭ
Ǿǣ似ڹ͵ģںϣҲ͵ǻ๥ˣȻô޷ɹġ
ʧ֮󣬹ŷȻ򣬰Լô򵥵ĵףҲûʦָĺɡ
һת˼룬뵽ȻԸ似Ϊ壬ֻǰѼ似ľȥΪʲôҪȥںâأ
Լǲǿֱȥÿһ似ĹǶȣԼʱѸٶȣȻټӳֵ似棿
һ뵽ŷâںϵıΪȻʼһһÿһ似ĹǶȺٶ
һһĥţǶȵĹӳֵ似ĻȡôЧ׺ϲʣ
ĥţٶȣ᲻Ը似Ӱ졣
ȥķ͵·ǳǳѣҲǳǳеͨǴ졣
ôеͨôɣҲдˡ


331 ںϣϣ
Ȼ˼תˣȴɸӼӾѳ̶ȡ
ΪҪѼ似ĹǶȺٶںĳһи似ĻôɾͲѡһȥںˡ
似ĹǶȣʺϼӳֵ似棬˵ͿԼӳֵһ似棻
ֻ似ٶȣӳֵ似Ļи似ӳֵһи似棬ȴǡǡá
Ҳ˵ԭʮһһһںϣھüһм似Ҫи似һ飬ȻõĻҲֻóԼи似ҵΪʵںϡ
뵽Ŀǰ˵ֻһм似ľ裬ܳɹ־뵽似ȥ
似ŷ屾Ѿõ¯ĵزҲÿȥãȫ͸ˡ
ǣŷֿʼ˵һм似Ҳ˿ë꣬ƽˮ쳣

תۣǶʮȥ죬ǹ涨ʱˡ
ʱɺѦ¶¶ڹŷĶѨڣҲǣҲǣΡ
½㣬˵ڸһˣûûȵģʲôɣ
ɿ˿ɫֶѾҪˣԼ½Ҳһ죬ɹŷȴû浣Ĺŷǲʲô⡣
Ӧáɡ
ʱѦҲҿ϶ˣһ²ԲȣȻʲô⣬Ҳ¹ŷʱʲôӣҪǽȥ
ԥһᣬڻһͷţȥɣ
ȻŮͲٳɣƮڿеĽһ뵽˶Ѩڡ
˽ѨһƬĵģƺûУ¿ɰ˸Żˡ
ææܵѨڲǿ˿ߵңһˣһתͷ˶һ
ֻŷ˿̰ϥ̵ϣɫ󣬺ƳһֻһΣֲǸղûŷĺ
ŷû£˵¾ͲΪⲻŲԭһ£ʲôأ
ѵ似
ɺѦ²ɶһۣһ˿Īľɣչŷһǰ˵һ׼似Ļôһ¾ôãǾ˵
ĺ
Ѧͷֳôһǡ
һµĺ
ﷺһ˿ɬԼĺĻᶼûУˣҲֻǼ첻ʮͻ˳ɹŷȴƺѾ˺ü˰ɣ
λôãһˣȴû˳ļ󣬿ģƺ¶Ⱑ
½㣬ȥЩԴʯɡ
˲ûԭشãȷ˹ŷûʱ򣬱˳ŵŷ塣
һɾͶѦ˵
Ѧ׳ɵ˼ҲĺԹŷ˵Ҫ벢ôѣѦȴ˵ŷ̶ʱͽüˣҲֻΪŷԸߣöѣΪŷܽ
ţȥһµģ
ѦûгɣһͷȻŮڿնϷǸĶѨȥ
üˣȻҲ˽úˣǸĶѨɷѵģ˭ͿȥǮȻͿԼˡ
ٴһ֮Ů㳯ŷݷ˹ȥֶһµʱ䣬ҲҪٴι滮һһ»ܰԼΪ
ΪûӵľȻҲжŮɫǳѵģȴҲʲôֵĶҲ̸ֻ䣬ŮȴҲǳԾزٷˡ

ɺѦŮĵŷ֪ġ
ʱѾǽ˹ؼʱڣɰڴһ٣˿ġ
ʱľ״̬ҲѾ˼ĵزֻѡ
ٿ似ĵشŷ˫ضŰʮһи似һУǳɹʧܣͿһںˡ
֮ǰ˼ʱ䣬м似ʩչ͸֮󣬾Ϳʼ븫似ںϡ
һʧܣʧܣʧܡ
ÿһΣʧܶգŷȴֻĵȴûһй
ĳԣϸĵȡԭֱԵʮи似ʱһЩɹͷ
ʱҲǳɺѦ˵ؼʱ̣һ׵ŷҲ
Ȼ׵磬Ѿˡ
ʱŷѾǽ˾Ϊƣ֮ʣȴֲòҧȫעںϣŷȴ֪λܳɹĻԼûоȥ֧ţʹȥ
һи似м似ֻǸԾžŰʮһ似еͨһ֣Ʋûʲô֮ɳô֮󣬹ŷȴֻи似пܰм似ľںϽȥġ
ԣŷ岻˿ԥСأԼģʼ˻ںϡ
һʼŷ廹ЩľսҪ֪ΪǢ似ںϵĻôͱʾԼ뷨˵Ǵ죬ͻʧܶա
ֻԺڻԵɺ֮£ٿһܲʲô似ȼİ취ˡ
첻ˣǻջġ
ֻͨҪԼһаѼ似ľڽ似иâ飬Ȼһγɡ
ΣֱŷâԼ似ĵ깥Ƕȹȥʱ򣬶ûзκ⣬âûΪѰ켣ʩչѣùŷΪܡ
Ϊܵµùŷһ˳ĺŵѹеŬԼƽ״̬
ƽ󣬹ŷٴȲؿʼʱֻһ¼似ǶȣȷϿȫں֮󣬲ŻȥٶȣԼٶȡ
ɣôŬùŷõӦеĻرǹǶȫû⣬ٶȣԼٶȣҲ˿ںһ
ˣŷҲǿƲеĿܣϲشΪֲƽĲֱǱ߳ĺɻûȹŷعĺ˲˻ʵС
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һŷ˯ҹ֪ʱ֣˫ۣ˫۵ĵһʱ䣬ʹһںϹһй
һܵȻһεǿѹ뷨֪ҪԼ似Ļͻ߰Լϳȥˡ
ֻеȳȥˡ
ôĥ£ʹùŷԳޱȣεһ䣬Ҳ뷨
˯ôãľȫػָ۷״̬
վһ֮һӦֳɺѦ´˿ڷŶһЦӰһǱ߷˹ȥ


332 ںϣ£
εںϣȴûùŷо似жôƺֻһѡ
ŷƣҲں˾֮Լ似ӦñͻƵˡ
ɻǬߵȡ
ȻֻںһУһξ޴ͻƣŷţֻҪ˷ƾԼԺŬӦǿڶʱȫںϵġ
ţŷ壿
ڳŷĳɣƺӦʲôȻ̧ףÿշɹĹŷ壬϶ʱų˾Ц⣬ڳ
ϲĺŹŷѦҲعԴһ΢ЦĹŷʱҲǽס¶ԵĸЦ⡣
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Ѧ´ЦݣԴ٩ص
УȴԵΪŷͻƶˡ
˶֪ôһµĺҪ˵ŷûȡʲôչôҲŵģٿŷϵȻдŵ΢Ц֪εĽչһС
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ŷ΢ЦشȻŶѾҪ˵ĶӣӭǸСԸ죬׼һ뷹ټӼ⣬ҿɿҪˡ
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ȻŷһûˣСȴַǳ󷽣ʱ̶崺ЦݵĿ˺кøУһŷķԸӦһȻתȥŷ׼ȥˡ
ŷЦЦҲͷǳȻ˳ߣϴȻ㣬ﲻԾؾһ
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ŷ΢΢һЦȻ΢һ룬Ҳ˹
ҲǳͻƵڵʱм˷ܣľҲ͸ͻ˰ɡ
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ŷͷ룬˵ɣͼɣȰΪ˵ڻҰֻص飬ǾͲùˡ
ŷ屾ľóɺѦרģҲӦ
ԴѦ˵ȻûʲôҲ֪ԹŷۺʵӦ״ĻȥҲûʲôתԵãԻΪȥԺŷ塣
ԼҲҪСѽ
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ɶԸһֻЩͣ似ҲߵȥҲֻ켶ĽߣͲκѹԼһˣɱϺüˡ
ŷţҲͲٶ˵ˣ֪ŷ岻ϲ˵󻰵ˣһҲǳȵûаյ飬ǲȥġ
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ȻѾ似ķ򣬵ŷȴ֪»ãԼȥһһں֮ĸ似ΣŻ̲ںϡ
Ͼĺڣ޷ó似ģҲ˵似ں֮һᱩһУֻ֪
ȵԼںһ֣ȻŷֹԼеôǿ֮ǰĻԼɾͿ޶ûطȥˡ
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ڶѦ´ʱҲ̲סڴЦЦóɵǸΪˡ
С֪еǱԴʯ㱾ԴʯҲⲻΪ˸ʡ֪ģء
ɲɾС죬ݺݵص˹ŷһۣȻͺԸֹš

ԹŮ˸ֱӶһ߲ʱԴʯȻͳŷ嶥˹ȥ
ɵɽ嶥ŷ嵹ҲĹأʹսС·һ߿ŷ羰һеȥ
˺һᣬŷ߳ɽسҲû˭סԼҲͣŴ͹Ļ˹ȥ
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ŷԹԵţƺ˿ûзֺ˸Լһ㣬Ȼ󿴿ƣ̬һ۹οһ㡣
͹ĻҲԶ󣬹ŷ־Ͷ˼űԴʯȥâһʧԭء
ߣϣ
ԶԶڹŷһߣŷ崫֮󣬾æԱһ߳ȻԼҲӿ˽Ų˹ȥ
ǸҲԣǸ˴͹Ļ
ֻʮӵʱѣŷ崫͵ͻʧ;˴͹ûʲô£һ˭뿪ĻǸͻǸߵģǲòӿٶȣ껹ûʧ֮ǰ
Ҳոոϵһ׼ߣҲٳˣæ˼űԴʯ͸ŷ꣬ʧԭء
âһǲŸոһȻһǰһȻ΢ЦԼ˵꣬Ǿ֪Լ˱ˡ
ȴôҲ벻ͨ˵ΪҲֻʮױѣԼһ׳ڱԴηԼ˸ٵأ
ѵŮģŮģûгְ
߻ߣȻΪôܷԼⱾԴأ
ŷ忴ǰɲߣЦЦôģô


333 ɱ죡
㣬ôǵģ
һɫʵԴ͵ȴʾη塣
ԭֻǴŷĸģȻͻȥ죬ȴ룬Ѿ˼Ҹˡ
ҿǵȻݵģƺѾԼ˵ĴڣҲ˵ǡԼ˹ģ
ˣҲͱʾоԵĿԼˣȻǿɲΪǹŷ֣Ϊŷ϶ѾıԴߡ
ӻꡣ
ŷȥش˵Ļƽ˵Уȴһɲɵζ
ʵҪ֪ӻҲ̫ѣֻҪȥЩרռЩǮܹ֪ˣ˵벻˵ô£Ҳֻǲô鷳ѡ
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ŷ˵߾һ˵ղűŷ֣ȷЩŹŷǲǲֹǰΪһ룬춼˵ֻʮױΪ϶ˡ
αֵģҲֻԼ˲Сģŷˣһ룬ղһЩη壬Ҳ֮ɢ
Ǻˣǵǡ
˵꣬׼뿪ˣҲ¹ŷıԴߣڵøϽˣȻ¿ɾܲˡ
ҪǽٽԸܻɱֻҪŪĸĻԼͰˣﻹһԼǰ
ȻѾɣҲҶˣһۣ˵ͷٺݺݵص˹ŷһۣת׼ȥˡ
϶˹ŷΪ֮ǿɲ°Լĺ󱳸¶һ߰ˣǿҲ޷ȥһСıԴߵġ
ͱԴȫͬľ硣
Ҳ˵˵ߣֻһֵָͨĻôⱾԴߣ·ɣĸɻȥһֵָģ
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ŷεӣ벻ԼָˣȻѺ¶ԼѵԼô˿
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ǰǾ㵣ȻȻ޿־飬ŷȴص˵ͷ
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ȻǰǱҪȶԷϺüײУֻԾԵǿƽסԷȻԷһֿܹˡ
Ҳ˵˭ֱܹסԼĻǾͱʾߣһһСָͷ𼸰ٸԼ
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󣬼˱㲻ͣ봫͹Ļȴ͵¹磬ȻԪţӻ紫͹ȥ

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ӻһݻۡڣƵظӦһԶ͹Ļֻûκζ̲סٴηһɧ
쿴ԼǼģЩΡ
⼸죬ԼӶ֪˶پɧˣҲԽԽ꣬ȻΪΣ˼ҲҲûʲô취
ˣǻģŮĻģͰŰɡ
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˵ڵغһˮԺȴŮģɺٺһЦǣҾȥˡˣɵýҰ
ѽȥȥɡ
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ӻĴ͹Ļ߲ʹâŷһˣߣͳ
Ĵ͹ĻڳǳرԵģǳغܴҲڶ࣬һ׶ױԴҲмҪˮ½緱ǿöࡣ
漴ŷҲ͸Ӧ˵Ϣ֪Ϊûǰ͸˹ȻǷԼ˵ĵ
ȻǲܷԼģï˵ϢĽ׳ڵΪǺ׾ܷġ
ŷҲû˵;վԭأȴĵïҲûκζվڹŷûκα飬ƽ
˵Ľ׳ڵΪ绹һ׳ڣԼһ׶ף˿Եģйŷڣȫûʲôµġ
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Ÿոշɵ;͸Ӧï˵Ϣͣϲֳɵı顣
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Ϊƾ⼸ˣֵܹס𣿣
һЦԥٴһͳǱ߼ɹȥ
Ȼﲻ£ôľĥ˽ӡ
¾ʹ⼸ԴߣǰûнУţԼץסŮģٰ͵ԼӵķȥˣҲûҪȥܡ
ŷɫƽվԭصȴǰȻ΢תͷۡڵķ򣬲üͷһſɫʱ

һŭȳڣŷԭ̶Ϣ˲ͬڵĴһǳ˯ĺľޣȻѣַŭƣֱǰԵļ˸ʮվȡ
ҲֻΪߵïֵܹȴҲ˺ĲסΣݵؿŹŷ壬֪׷ʲô£һֻȻĹŷ˷ŭ
󣬹ŷֱӾͳ𣬱һǣۿٶȣһӰķ򼲷ɶȥ
ڿУŷѾó޴ͷʡطӿ˫֮УĿ絶ɫ䣬ɱ졣
ŷһӣ޵ľЩǿַŮԵˣҲǳ࣬ൽÿ춼Ҳûȥֹͳͷ
ǣ񹲷֮£ǷԼǰô۶Է˭ʲôѩԼֿ¶Էͷ­ΪиѪĴۣ
οֻһСС


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ŷһˣҲͲں˶ԼʲôֻҪΪǶԵģǾͻȥ
ɵ;ŷͻȻƺѹôԭ죬ŷһԼӷҲóѹסͷ𾪣˵Ĳţ˾Ȼǿ󣬵ۿԼӾҪɱˣôţҲκԥ
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٣ҲŪ˹ŷĴʵҲֻԼȣԲᳬһ룬Ҳܹ¹ŷġ
ҲǳڣΪʲôҪȥˣҪ֪ۺʵҲֻԼ൱Ǳ߻һߣһߣԼһأ
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˵ŷͷųһУҲԼһԿɱȴûܹԼӴĹ£ܱ֤ǸŮӲ˺
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һҲǲʾĿһ䣬˲óԼǱǹͣ͵ע뵽ǹ棬ǱǹҲ͹âҫҫ
һȣ۳˹Ҳ˫һǰһųǹ˹ŷؿڲλһͼһɱ
ŷȻ壬ȴһȣûпֻ뿴ԼĿǰʵһУܲĽ׳ߴսһ
ѸٽӽҲ֮ŷ־޸Ҳͷ­ȥ־޸ǻ칥ĳǹ
Ҳ˫ĺôˣһֵԷһԷ
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ǣĺֻбŷѹŴˣǷǳЧġ
٣һغ棬ŷ岢ûռκαˡ
ȻҲǹŷ廹ûʩչ´似ԭֻͨͨһаˣҲûʩųѹƣȻʱ϶ɡ
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˺˼׵죬סΣɫؿŹŷ壬еľ𾪣ȴôҲ޷ס
ŷ䣬мʮĻʲôоΪ͵ģֻҪ֮ͲȥĽףҲ
ǣŷȴֻһ궼
һ겻Ľߣ
춼ȥˣ֪ĻôҲԻֹԼȥ
Ϊףһһ겻ĽױԴߣ״ʲô
Լûа취ҲȷԼûа취ǣǱҪڶʱڳԽԼ𣿣
£Ҫʮ꣬ѹԼ˰ɣ
ʱԼ֪ôġ
ǣȥЩҲѾûãղɱģ֪ԲŹԼģԣȥ˵ʲôͽǸʲôģ϶ûõġ
ԣΨһܹסԼѡ񣬾ֻ뿪ӻԼ뿪ȥһ֪Ľȥˡ
ֻǡ
һһСӣѹȵòòټߣָоǷǳˬ
ٲˬΣֱ˸Ƶþټߵв֪Ϊ˱סʹУֻҵˡ
ŷ΢ǣЦؿɫ粻죬Ҳûȥ죬ζҪӻݻٵģڣԼúϷˣϷˣǣǣΪǵ汲֮񵥣
ô£ô£
ʱ򣬷Ӧ˵˼ռǸŮӣݾֵشӷ˳һ߷ɻһ߻ҵغе
ղţظоһɴɱϢԼӴƣûȥֻֿܴԭأҶ֡
ǵɱϢÿ죬ȥҲ죬ܾŵӲͱŵ˻ȥﻹ˵ȥַǸŮæ˳뿴׷ʲô¡
һͿһЩϤıӰ֮ϣоȻ޴ͷڷڿ裬Ǻպƣ·֮񣬰Ե˫
ȻֿĸףԼɫȻȴûη壬࣬Ҳƽ˲٣ְĿתǸӡıӰü˼˭
Զ㣡վ
Լӻɵ㶵վŷ岻ԶͲôŭһôľ룬ǼΣյģ
Ŷúá
߸״ŭ˼еʱһ飬֪˿Ҳûʲô취ﻹҶ룬һæ˺˺üףһ
ĶŷȻ֪һģСƣڻûǸ˼ȥǸŮѾȫˣңԼҲʱһԼһежǿ
ȥشĻٴδ߷ڰ˫ٴθ˱ɫ졣
һʵʩչһУŷﻹǷǳ˷ܵġ
Լĵһ似Լ뷨ȷ󻹼̲ȥͿһеˡ
նۣٶȣȻҪ˽һң罭ˮһԴԴϵ޸У̼䣬ȻѾɣùŷ嶼ɴΪһ
ֻһٶȣ𣬱˵һˣķ֮һ֮һٶȣпܳ׸ıƾеľ棬Դ߼սľֶ룬һ֮ʤ֮ࡣ
ԣŷλֻǸոһ˶ûѾ׼ˣʱȴֻǸոտʼ似ѡ
һЦҲ˵似Чΰɣٶһ㣬Լִ췽ȥˡ
˵ٶȣ˽սʱ򣬶Է۶жֻۺСʽս൱ǿһͨ
ԼأٶȣÿһУȫʱ۳ɴУͨԿС
ǿһ֪
⣬ʲô似
ʱֻǸոհ似һ죬ŷ徹ȻѾ似׼ˣʱǴʧɫ˿ٵٶȣѵǱ似ɣ
룬ۿŷĹѾˣѹеľ뷨оԲŷȡսʽٶȣԼҪԴģ
ԣΨһ;ԼˣĿǰҲֻһܱ֤ԼԿ
Լ컹ǱȽŵģңҲţСҲϾֻһ겻ᣬ似Ҳô̬ɣ
оһ£㲻κԥ似ûɣʩչǬߵȵ似˲һ˳ʮ׿⡣
ŷƳһһˣһ߻似죬ȴǵȻһЦ棬ԼȷǴƣԴӳΪԴԼҲûȥ䣬ĿǰҲֻǴڵˮƽǬû
ܲУԼȴٶȿԲ룬ʮԴѥģ
һע˽˫ѥ棬ŷٴδǣ񹦷˲ͱƽһڡ
ʵסˣղֻǿӰһǸСӾȻͳԼǰңеĹҲ֮
ʯ֮䣬Ƿḻս
ʱҲȥóǹֵˣҲ룬ܵľһתǱرܿһ˺üס
ǣȻ֣һйʵǵֹ죬Լ˺üףͷȴȻţƤһմԼۿǹּԼˣﻹ˵ȥʲôٴһתǱ˿˺üס
ͷȴӰΣٴι
ġ
оԼǱˣ벻ԼݺС֮ãվȻһСӸƵǱأ
似似ռˣ˲٣˵ûԼôǸ̬ٶȣȫԲںԼľλ⣬⻹ʲô򣿣
ֻûȥȽˡ
ǡ򣿣
ѹûȥѹƶԷԼʵΪȥѹƶԷ
ȫ͵ѿѰ·
ԣͷֻһðͱѹԺ
оǱһοĿ¸ͷֻƵٴ˼ΣҲûкôģᣬҲʱۺõĹʩչˡ
룡
һֳֳǹһ򻮳ǹºâ˿ỳɣҪǱһǹĻ᲻ֱӱƶǡ
ŷֱܿԼĹһ̾
ôε׷һӵǬߵĽ׳ڱԴ߸ƵôǱԼ似֮ǿͲö˵ˡ
֮⣬Ҳûʲôˡ
ǣҲ׷Ϸ˲ʩŶһɽѹһ㵵ϡ
ֻһͷֱӼȥ˺üĳǹͱԶ
ҲֻĶѣ켶ģǵؼټΪҲᱻŷĵѹȵôҡ
κΣ򣬼ողͻƵĽ׳ΪڹŷΪ͵ǰû˿ֿΪֱӾ½ڡ
Ϊܵʸ񣬶Ѿɥʧˡ
֣
ȴ룬ڹŷͷһ㵣֣쿳֮ʱĺȴէȻ


335 ף
ʲôҹ
صȴʧԼɴʧɫæŭ
һ˫ĿȴǲԾʪˣСӣҲӰһ
ҲΪԼӲظԼǳҩһ㣬ͻȻͱŷǱһŭȣ֪Ȼڹŷѹ£ȻһƫȻǿܹ˹ŷһյıס
ҪɱɱңɱҰ֣
ôõĹսȻҲ븸׶սΪˣĿɿڴ֮£һֻţôҲû뵽СӣȻȿֲʵ
ҺиڣȻԼ֪ôģ
ǣһĻȴ°ͶԼĽ׳ΪĸףȻǱСӸѹŴ
Ǳûʱȥ԰һģٴȻ
ҪǣҪԼĸ׶ɱǣԼ군ˣ
ֿ֪ôģԼ׵һоȻСӵĸͷɵǹֶˣٿСӵһѾȫûܵĸףһ£ǳ׵ر
ȥۿԼ׾Ҫɥڴˣﻹ˵Լ򲻴Ӯͼ˹ҪΪԼ׵ֵһͷ
ŷо߼ɶﵹЩ죬벻ӵĸ鵹ġ
֮ĸӸֵǵΪȴǰ͸죬ôҲ
ȻζԵַĿŮиղŲһͱռеŮ
ѾܿԼһֿҲѾܵߣŷҲ֣ͣЦؿǰݾֵˡ
󣬴ˣң۲ʶ̩ɽϹ˹ʵҪɱĻǾɱҰɣŹҵĶӡ
ڹŷûʩų֮ǰ컹˵ȥģʶŷľȻǵ䵽˹ȵףҲû˿ֿ֮ġ
ԭŷۺʵҪԸΪѹƵڣ⻹ôȥ
ⶼеֿͷĻǾֻ·һˡ
ڣҲֻģܲŹԼһ㲻ŹԼŹԼĶӣҲа
ҪɱɱңŹҰְɣ
һ⻰Ȼһ֮ǰ۶ƵСģΪջ𣬿ʵƣҲòͷ
ˣұ죡˵ķ𣡡
ȻΪжҪԼԼԼһӣֻܻéˣ

ŷؿԸӣڿСһ㣬˵ǵС˼Լλ
ԣԸԼȡԷ϶ǻһģ¸ģֻ֮ĸԼ֮İɣ
һĳӲرĳȽŮߣŹǣԵȴһħ
ŷȥ֮ıݣֱЦˣҲˣգһҲˣ
һ⻰˵ĻﲻȻֹɫҲ֪Լˣһĳˡ
˫ۣʱʱضỮһ˿ȻŷȨûпȻԹԵص֪֪ΪʲôҪȫɵ
˶ʱһ
Ϊʲô
ΪԼ㣬Ҫɱ㣬ȻռŮ
Ϊʲô
ŷһǴЩԻı飬ЦЦĿٴһ䣬ǵȣǽŴ
סˣ֪Լȵֵģ
δǣҪŪԼʮ˴ɣ
һ룬ٿŷɭɭĿ⣬Ȼһ֪Բôһ£
Σ
Ȼ֪϶ưոˣҲûҪһĵģˣһʵ
ǿ֪Ŵȥģ
ŷ嵭ʵ
⻰һڣ˵ɫͲЩ仯ˡ
Ϊߴ磬˵Ѿ˲ܿܿС磬ɼʷǻġ
Ȼ֪ԼûˣҪԭŴμǳսȥ󣬲䵽³ġ
ֻǣСӣ˵Щʲô
ѵҵˣ
ҲܰȲ˵λڣﻹ᲻˭Ϊ𣬾˵ҵҪӻ磬ôܻЩ
ҲֱӾͻɸ߽ױԴˣͲô鷳
ǣȲЩˣֲˣ˭
ѵһӣ˵ͽܣ
Ҳܰ
һ궼ôܻĶӣôͽ
ǰǾɲɫŷ֪ǿ϶ǳսԭίġ
ҵʦ
ȻȡǵôȻҪ׵ģҲΪԼ£ڡ
Ȼ׵ˣҲ̫û˼ˡ
˶ʱһͽܣ
⣬ôܣ
⸱飬ŷЦЦ
ҲûȥǽʲôֻҪףԼΪλǾ͹ˡ
ʵ¹ʱԭûôעǵģȴƫƫ˵ĸģȻ϶ҪģֻΪ˵Щǵǰ˶ѡ
ŷյĿХɫޱȵؿɫԽԽ˵ˣҲԼ̤Ϊʦʦﱨĵһ
ԣǣɣ
˵꣬ҲˣôȻոʱˡ
˵ţ˶ɫ״̬£ٴо޸似ʩչֶֶ졣
ʱӻ⼸ԴҲѾϵһŮеֻһΪǸ毺õŮӣһߡ
ŷ˫ˣ¶ԥ˿ŷ壬ֿ˿վڴ͹ĻؿԼⷽļԴߣǳϵѡվԭû
ֻǺӻˣӻҲû̫ĸ飬ûҪȥΪ˽ٽԼҲϡ
ڹŷ˫һ˲䣬ǱʮԶȻҲ룬͸һżǱҩĿǰҲֻôһ취пܱס
ڸողͻûõΪֻ֮ήȥһήܶ࣬ҲûʱȥˣһУ˵
ҲˣһɹܣҲԼûҹŷ屨Ŀˣǣȴ԰ѹŷݣǸˡ
أֻҪǸ֪һͽϺһڵһʱȡ˹ŷҲǱ˽ȵԼӲòƴ½ʵĳˡ
һ߸Ȼʵһݵš


336 ηģ
ŷ忴ʵ˫˫ûκα顣
ǱʵȷǻԼһѡ
ǣȴԽκӰ졣
ҲǹŷǷô໰ҸԼݵԭ
ʵǿô࣬ҲһԼĥʯ
뵽ŷ巴ջ׼ʹʹشһһջأѹƵʵҲٴα
˿̣ʵѾԿһĽ۷壬ӽΪıԴˣ۷壬ӽĽס
һǿر˺¾׳ߣҲþûһսԹŷҲ˵Ȼɫݿʼ
оɽѹԼϵѹȻէȻʧˣǲһô¡
ѵ򣬻ʲôģûȥʩչ˲ɣ
ǿŷӮһ˫Լֵ˷ܹâʱ֪˵ôһˡ
ǸǸо裬Լҩˣƣ׼ƾ豾ʵԼս
⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
츸Ӷ޲޵ҧгݣһۣ˶Է˼˫˫ŭһ˹ŷ塣
ԭֻǴһܵģ˵ǷҩŷǵʵˣʹǷҩʵҲֻ൱ԭġ
ԣ̶ֳȵʵǻûĶԹŷôǣȴŷȻջɾͲܹˣ
ǺţûĹŷ壬Ǹ֣ԿԻɱ
ҲﲻЦ˷ܣܹɱŷ壬ȻõĽˡ
ңֻҪɱӣȥռŮˣһ뵽⸸Ӷ˸ǴΪ˷ܣŷٶȣĶ˼֡
ŷһȫս״̬˫۽ضɱˣҲκδ⡣
󣬵ȵ˼ɱ֮ʣ׼һյ˶Ȼһһȣ޸͸ʩչУȻͬʱӦ˵ֹ
֣ŷҲԲСˣҲͬʱսˣĥµЧ
ŷ㣬Լкóһʱûоĥˡ
˵似ҲǳǹȻͬһ似ͬʱʩչһǹǹâҲԵûúܡ
ŷȻץסһ˴򣬷ͬʱӦԼˣﶼٴηһЦˣԴ󰡣
ʵȴûЦãһĻǵģɳ˹ȵס
ֻŷ˫۴ţͬչ᰿Ĵ󸫺ҸͬʱǵŲλȥǹĳǹǺպƣǾɱ⣬Եﲻͬʱһ
ȫ㲻ֹܾ˵ľ氡ĹԼˣҲ϶˵ģ㲻ȥпܣ
ôóͬھĴ򷨣
ѵԼ˾¶˺ȻͿѹԼ˴˲ɣ
ߣǾ˭η˱ܰɣ
£⸸ӶҲǺãҲȥῳԼؿڵǱ޸гǹȻͬһ˹ŷؿڣҲûʩųΪܹظоŷ޸̺ǿƣԼʩų֣ҲǾԵֵסġ
ˣȫڹϣǾͲˣŷĲף
ǵĶŷͲЦ
ʼǲȡᣬԵսʽԱԼǿҲ˴򷨣Լɻúúõģ
ֵͬɱһǧ˰ٵսʽڱԵúޱɾַʹŷÿÿԽսսʤԭ
Ϊ࣬Դޣ֮ǰǻӲţǹ빥Լֻһأ
ңŷϲҲһǰƣս˷ܡ
˵ŷûпԼؿڵǹһо޸ҲȻֱֱš
ȻǺԼһֲ͵ĻŷҲ϶ɵԼˡ
һȵҪʱ򣬹ŷ϶ʩųֵģԼǰ˼ףȫû˵Ŀܡ
ԼĿǰǰ˼ףҲֻʩųǿȴΪʩŵǿȣ⣬Ѿԡ
ȴǲţֲһǰˡ
Ȼʼʱ˵ɫЩҲŲмЦǣȵŷ˫ǵؿֻʮ׵ʱǵɫڿʼЩ仯ˡ
Ϊôľ룬˿˱ܵĻҲ֮пܻᱻŷѹŴ򣬵ǣǴ˿ɲŹŷ岻ˣǵȵģҲǹŷ˱ܡ
ֻҪŷˣôĹͿ϶ʩչˣôҲԼѹʱˡ
ǣ뷨Ǻõģǲпġ
Ƿ֣Լĳǹƽŷؿںͺֻˣȴʼɫ䣬˫Ҳǲľ룬ﲻʼˡ
ѵĲɱԼˣҲ̰
˵ȻǵԼˣ
ôɣܹŷĲڵԼˣǶٶˡ
ôһ仰𣬺㶵ģ㶵²Ҫģǿ¹ŷֲҪģ˵ĻԼӿɾͰˡ
˵ĻҲֻǱѹŴ򣬻ôһ룬ȥĻôͺܿھͻȥ
ԣβʣҲֻˣͲҪкӾڸͷƽ׵ʱһҧ˺Ȼջسǹ˫ȥ
˵ʵһжֻǷڲʮʱڣվΧսïˣΪŷһѺ
ǻǵһμŷ˴򷨵ģȻΪ˰Ѻη壬һǰҰͰԵȴͷ˲ĥӡǡ
Ҳʱףֲɳ˿٣ƾηƣʾľͻƣҪҪͨöࡣ
ΪѾȫû˶Ŀ־壬ֿ־壬ҲľһһߣжĿ־壬ҲһҪͻľѵһҪԭˡ
ȻȻҲľһ󿲣Ҳ˵ֻֿпͻơ
һ˵ľ棬кܶشڵģһҪֿпͻƣһҲһǿͻƵġ
ĻһһܹͻˣԲ
ֻ˵ŷû˶Ŀ־壬Ҫͨ߿౶ҲĳһСС򣬾˳˳ͻľˡ
ٿϣӶ˲ʵջظԵص֮ʱŷ֪ˡ
˫һתһȦâܿ˵˫ǹѥӺȻһٶէȻǡ
ξȻһתʹмĿ϶г˹ȥȻ󣬾ٴ̧˫ƴĹͳŶ˵ĺԣֱֱȥ


337 ὣ
ءء
ѰٿӶ˺ԲλƯ鱦
ʱ鱦˲̶ͬȵ𻵣ǸãֻǹâЩģȴֱ˺üƣֲڶƸʱҪһ㡣
ŷֻһ֪ǸƣһƷ鱦Ʒ鱦ҲԶˣģһƷ鱦
ղţоŷʱӰ˾֪ãҲ룬ԼıַųȻɱ֣Ҳ˲̶ͬȵˣҲʱסһ
ֻʱ򣬹ŷɲٵǻָʲôˣһûɣڶϣͲκδϢʱ䡣
Ǵ󿪴绢һУҲûʲôɣƾӴΪҰ
Ӽֵ¹ŷĹǰ󶼲ʱ䣬ʱ츸ӶҲֻǸոջˣ嶼ûüת͸ӦٴϮĺɽѹвп಻
֪㱻ŷѹŴȲӦܲǰҪΪ˳һԼΣ֮أ
ʱЩҲûУμ֮£ֻٴԵĶעܹסŷһ
ֻҪסˣôԼҲͿˣϾŷٶȺ͹ٶȾǾˣҲ˵ûй϶ģֻҪץסһǰĿ϶ܹɹֱѹŴ״̬ˡ
뷨Ǻõģʵǲġ
ŷȫĹǰ˼Ĺӳֲ֣
£Ҳֻߣпܽ¹ŷ
ءأꡭ
죬ٴα״ݻ٣ҲƵĺ󳾣˲ƣһǳܲסŷ㱩ĹֱӻΪƬ
ŷϹɵǸƷ鱦ܼ֮ڴݻ٣ĵƷ鱦ǲڻ£ҪķҲֵһĹĻڵһУͱŷɷˡ
ȻƷ鱦ҲƷ鱦ǿһ࣬Ҫ˶þܱƷ鱦ȻҲڶֹбŷݻ١

˵һֵĹֱֵҲץסյˣʵϾǿһ飬ŷһನȻǰֱӻɣҲֻǻɰˣûܵʲôơ
ǣѾȫϾͷôԶйŷ嵲ûκλܵˡ
Ҳֻ죬һ˿ܵϣ
Ȼһ˿ܵϣҲֻԼ뷨ˡ
ԼӱɵӰҧʱܹܵʱǣԼˣԼӿɾıˣ
ƺԼܣ̬ڣҲһӲ
Ȼ̾һŵԼһأ
ٶ룬簮ؿ˿ѾסӰĶӣɫȻͳһŵҩͶ
ڣҲֻԼȡпסŷ壬Ӷӳˡ
ŷ徲ؿֱĵҩƽˮ
⸸飬ȷֵ̣ǡһ棬ԼûзŹǵɡ
ȻˣôǿʵԼǸ֮𾴰ɣ
ţ˿ȥʵ屶죬ٴʩŶǵصѹϣ£ȻһȣȻ̧ͷһһ̣ŷ㻯Ϊһ޸
һ
似а˼޸Ȼһ⣬ȷѾǹŷĿǰܹʩչǿ
ոҩ죬ѾΪһ޸Ĺŷ壬
һпܣΨûֵ֪ҩˣȻһ
ҲҪǹŷ̫ˣһ꣬ʵǿˣѾǼΪŵ飬ټһԼ似
⡭ѾˣϣѾûʲôʻܹȥı̬
ۿһĹԼϣȴεȻһ̾ŲվԭأΪףϵ򣬼߼ϵǿֲ似ټǿ
ԼڵΪ屶࣬Ҳֻ൱׳ڲڵʵѣǰĹȴֱĩߵȫһ

һ̾ǧһʱȴȻתΣĿ¶ȰؿȻ䣬ıӣһĬԡ
ҲŵؿǿƥĹŷ壬ֿ˿·˲ȥĸףû˵ʲôҲûʲôΪԼе;
͡
һôؿ޴ĸͷֱӴԼ׵ͷֱ£̫Ӵ󣬵µĽԼ廯룬ҸԵ˺Զſµơ
Ѫ࣬ģ׵ġȵȸֶĵĶͬŮɢһ㣬Ż壬׷ɢ£Ѫ
ؿžôȥĸףеĻ糱ˮԺ
ڣΪԼֻ֪ŮˣȴֻŸȥԼȴΪ
ڣΪԼҪɫȻҲн
ڣΪεʱԼɫĲŰµɱˣԼȥռŮӣԼݺͽ
ڣ
ںӿͷۼԼΪԼԭԼǰʱȻ
һУѾˡ
ҵؿȺڵϵĸ׵壬Ѿûκ
ںޣ־壬ȵȵ
ٿɫǸΪǳСӵ꣬һҲԷǱ絶Ŀ⣬ѾԼԼ͸ɱ⣬֪ԼǱˡ
ȻһЦȻַóһȻͶԼĲĨ˹ȥҲûȥġ
Ϊףģûκô
ŷڿУؿųԼĨȥȴûκε
Ȳţ͸Ӧ쵰ռ˼ҿŮȻһЩ̬Ⱥãֱ̬ȺãȫͲȱƹʱõ̷㣬Ҳǹŷղǰŭԭ
ԸĻǲզŪŷ忴ȥһۣǣоֻҪԼˣôһŹ
ԣɱŷҲԶȥɵˣ˿ںԹͳ޵˫ֻۣǵؿš
ৡ
ػԴߵɱɲͨǰ㣬Ữ˵ġ
ҪصĻֻаԴȥ
ҲôһһĹģǺģԼĺؿ£һ죬ǲԹͺ⻹оͷ­ͳԴ˼ҡ
ֻһĨ޵Ѫ졭


338 صİĽ
ͫ𽥻ɢŵŷޱϲƽˮ
˵ɱ츸ӣҲ͵ںͳ׻ӻ磬̤Ϊʦʦﱨĵһŷȴûκϲá
Ϊǰ;ӻֻİˣԼڵȷսúɣǣͲ˵Щߴ磬ɣ͹˵Ǽǿ磬һɽһ㣬ѹ˹ŷ˫ϡ
ŷ˫磬һֱܼӲ˵ǾɽɽŷҲܹе
ԣ΢Ĭһᣬ㲻ȥȥˣһ΢Цï˷˹ȥ
ɵ;ŷ˫۾ɨһĿɿڴؿԼӻıԴߣȴû˵ʲô
֪⼸ֻӻİˣǣȻǲʶ࣬ԼҲֻиɵһѡˡ
û취Ǹղſ̫ˣΪԼݼȥôֻɱˡ
ԴزģûһɵӣǸǿԼ߿һۣ˽ŵɫ漴ֿǸޱתͷȥȻ࣬ƽһ㡣
ͲҪôȥϸ룬Ǿ֪Լȥˣһۣͳŷ˹ȥû˿ԥ
ʱŷҲѾïߣž֪Լı̬ȴȻЩ𺳵ļˣ΢΢һЦȻǾͰӻһ°ɡ
ȻתͷһͲŵؿԼԪͷԸǾ͸ӻԱ㾡ա
ǣϣ
Ԫͷæػش˵ղűŷľʵˣģȴ޾ϲ
ԼǸһǳ˲ϰ
Сͬ뷨
ۣ벻Ȼ̬
һԵĺƶȻͲ˹һڹŷţһ߾̾˵Ż˴Ĵָһģ
ŷ΢΢һЦ˿ȥƶ׼ïԸʲôȻ۹ⲻؿصĿƺЩ죬һ㶡
һϸֳؾȻֱض˼ҺƶڿȻޣŷȻ۵׿һ˿Ľ֮⡣
ĵײЦЦܺͺƶ˫ɶԣҲȷ
ֻƶƽʱƽĿ⣬֪ҪѺƶ׷֣»ЩѶˡ
ҲƶҪһŮ߶Ҫ¶һЩżĶҲһֹջ󣬶ҲȷʲôƻŮˣŷȴ֪Ůˡ
Ϊλ룬ŷҲ˵ֻһָоɡ
ңŷ廹ôһָоƶÿЦÿջֻһαװѣֻǲ֪жαװ֮ʵһˡ
һŷȴԿ϶һйµŮˡ
˵ŷŻΪҪ׷ƶĻѶСֻҪ֣Ӧûпܵġ
ҡҡͷЩ뷨׳ԺתͷͶѾվʮ֣ʾǹ
ﶼһֱһŷԼ֣æǰȥˣҵϣܷΪϣ
ǸոԶսѣԪͷԹŷƺϣ֪ŷ϶ǿֵȼū͵ģǷǳ֪Ȥ˵ҪŷΪϣ˵ˣǣ˵˵ˡ
ūͣҲǿһֱȥ
յūҲֻ˵˵ˣˣ޷ȥ˵ģҲ֮һơ
һֱȥĻЩǬǣֵǵˣ
Ȼǲڵġ
ʵɣһ磬ҲǷҪ߸ˣŻᰲģкܶߣǲȥġ
Ҫǣŷ̫ˣвһǸ˵ĶôԼ֪ôģԣһ˵ҪֻϤıԴߵĻˣȻŷǲǵġ
٣ҲǵƷԸ֮پ벻ǽ֮͹ϵһ
ˣ˵Ļ󣬹ŷ岢û˵ǶǸҲһŮŮ߿˿ʵʲô򣿡
ղһɨŮӵǧѣѾǶΪˣУǷǳõǱˣҪ֪ױԴߣʮϰĶΪ֡
ԹŷŻдһʣǱȷĻŷ岻Լūͣѵһ
˵ҰֻأֻһǿҲǲһ顣


339 һ
ϣҵǻ򡣡
Ůӹػش
ŷһ
⻹֮״켶ߣҲԴף˵ǻǵˣ켶ҲǷǳǳѵõġ
һߣ඼ǵؼ򣬻ƼҲ٣ּ˵ҲȽ٣ģǵؼ
ϾܹΪԴߵģȻ̫ȻҲͻʮױˡ
˰ɡ
ŮӺЩǱҲǲضãҪȳɸߵö࣬ϤĻԻΪҰֻصһ֡
ףҪڿʼܵȵȥĴǾ޷õ֤ģֻҪȷ㹻ŷҲһֱԼūͣڽΪҰֻҲһƬա
Ůһŷ⻰毺õ϶ʱֳϲı飬ոտۿͲжô̬ġ
ôᣬǿǱҪ˵
ԼܳΪūͣҲضԻ÷Ƿĳɾͣ㣬ǳ϶
٣ҲӦûԼΪɣȻҪԼūͣ
ɲţǿԼɫԼȻòҲǵľŮӣܿԼ͹ˣ
棬ڴѪġ
û˿ԥŮӾʼģԼһɣһξѪ˹ŷĶͷŷҲڽԼüġ
Ѫһ룬ŷ֮һĸӦԴˣï֮Լĵڶūͱ㵮ˡ
ïˣ͸㵱ūͰɡ
ŷ忴һߣͶȽϴ󣬵Ϊȴֻһ׶ѣǱҲǳͨǾͺï˵
ǣˣ
ïӦ˵Ǳһ㣬ҪҰֻغȱ˵ĻҲûҪߵū͡
࣬ҲֻԪǷǡ
Ҳ֪ǵҪΪŷūȻǲܵģǷǳϵضïԡ
ïߣŷ㣬ĻҰֻأҲһɷǳˡ
٣ܿܿСһࡣ
ï̻ϣأɣѦ£ƶ棬Ԫ㣬¼񼪣֪УԼҰֻѾʮԴˣܿܿСȷһɺǿˡ
ȻŷҲ֪ܿܿСʵҰֻźüʮСڡ
ȻЩû򣬵ĽĩڣĽ۷ľԲ˵ĸкüĽҲǲܵ顣
ˣڹռӻ֮󣬹ŷҲ׼ȥռǸ¹ϽڵģΧɱʦСˣʱҪٹ̹̣ϾҰֻزŸոսػ϶ǲȵġ
ɲҪСһĸǾ͵һӵĵػػûãϲǿٶ࣬еΣա
ͱ磬ҰֻĳЩ̽ӵĻܻܿԼϢ͸¶ȥ˵ֿԺСȴҲûУԣĿǰȺúôػ˵
ЩҲܣԼծҲͦġ
Ӧһǳ״ڸղ츸սʱЩҪôǼææܻԼסҪôǶĳǵ±ɱҲӻ±ŷ˵սನ
Թŷ˵ΪֻǱನ𵽣ĿԾԴ˵ġ
ʱսѾǣҲ˳в˶˵ʬ壬֪ӻ磬Ӵ
ǸĶ˷ܣӣֻҪǿƯŮӶǿֱӵֻҪǼŮԵģڵһʱ˴ȥĽ档
ڻģҪôûǮˣҪôǼûгƯŮӣĸס
ϾֻҪԴ㹻ˣټУפҩҲǺܹһŮԶһֱഺ毺õĲò˱ǿԼĸףҲټ
ܵ˵ֻҪǳƯģһ㶼ӵģһ˭ϲǵǾ˹ˡ
ԣ츸ȥӻ˲Ϊ˷ܣ˶ȥ׼úóһףףֱƽʱֻһķ˲䱬
ڹŷĸӦ£Щ˵ĶĸԺ֮У΢΢һЦӣǵŭԹˡ
ֿ棬ĿȻ䣬ĮȻԸȥ˵ȫǵļҲһ


340 ˭ǹŷ壿
ǿʵʵӻˣŷȻŹ
ҸղҲӦˣǸۡڣûСûи֮ڣ԰ЩȫɱˣŷҲκ
ǣˣǣϣ
ҲֻԪ˶Ϥ֪Щҳ츸ӵģȥɱȻʡ
żɱڷԶӰŷͶһԵï˵°ĴͨҲͨԺ󣬾ʱΪҰֻصĴӪɡ
һĩڸ֣ܱϵĽ磬ȻԴҪˮ½ΪḻĴСҲˮ½ɱȵġ
ͷɫβס˷ܣôҲû뵽ողŽĻҰֻأȻᷢչô졣
ŶãȻ磬ʮԴˣǰ붼ġ
ȴҲ֪һ磬ضᱻעԺľìܣ϶٣Ͼչ̫죬

һٴβ죬ʱ䣬ͰӻȫƿأѸٵķչ˲ٴע⡣
ʢţ¹ϽڵܿܿСУŷǳ
ƼĽ۷ΪֻһܳΪױԴߡ
ֵ£кüĽߴڣ׶һߵҲǼӴ󣬼ʮˣʵСУһָġ
Ұֻأ
ʢλϣһרŸ鱨µĻ㱨ûʲô顣
ֻһոСˣ˵չúܿ죬̶ʱھƿС磬ҲʮԴڣʢ˵ɼǰȥȫݻˡ
ֻҰֻܿصļ磬˿޷ȤҪԴûԴҪʲôûʲôǼ磬ȫûп
ҪҪƶĽĻʢ㶼ƿغüʮµĻ㱨ûκĶ
ҰֻƿصĽ磬ȷǲôǣ鱨ʾҰֻصŷ壬ƺһǱǳǿţ޷ȷʵԿһĩڵĽ׳ߵĳ̶ȡ
¼㱨ϵı飬ȻҲûôҰֻط㱨ЩҲֻΪһ鱨Աˡ
׸ΣЩ¡
ŷ壿
΢΢ͷĽ׳ߣСҲȷǲΪˣܹȻá
룬תͷһĽΪ·ԸȥʲôҰֻһ˰ɣЩԴȫƹܵǼ磬Ǹ½յӻ֮⣬ȫҪˣ
ûŷ˻᲻ͬ룬ֱ˷Ըŷ˲룬ܲƵġ
ʵ뷨Ҳ֡
Ҫ֪Ϊ¹ϽǿһҪʢŵС֪ǸͿϣ˷Ժٻͬġ
ΣҪ˵ʲôҰֻصӦһĽ׳ߣӦòһǱŵĻͲȥᡣ
˵ҲֻƹŶʮ磬ЩóһԴ;ԳҰֻԴܺ͵һˮ½磬Ҳпԭˡ
ţֻҪԼʢҪǵ˼ôǱضӦϾԼʢţǾҪԼǸҰֻغõö࣡

ĽڱԴվ˱ȭӦ
Ǹ죬ڳҲǺ͸һ뷨ȻҲΪģһոսСˣܹʢǵң
ţȻûʲôˣǾ͸ȥԼɡ
˵ͷҲûȥҰֻصһЩ飬˵ѹûôɲƾԼʢŵĴȥһСʲôѡ

죬ŷҲûʲô£ΪʱȥˣְﲻʲôæԸɴܽҩռȥҩˡ
˵ҩѾҪ𣬵ҲǿһʱģҲúƶȥѰңи߼ҩˡ
ƷƷҩŷǿϵģô˵ҲҪƷϵҩŶԼҩʱҲͺƶ˵ˣ¹ûУǾȥңҪǮֻҪ߼ҩС
⼸죬ҲʱǰǸҩţҲûǰǰҩһᣬϢһᣬеúܡ
ڵʱҩڳܲסˣŷҲֻε߳ҩռ䡣
ҩռ䣬ŷյĴйֻԺεӰ
һ̾˵Ұֻʵܲˣŷȴɲε٣ҲԼռһǿ֮󣬲ǡ
ˣ
еӻĽۡ԰ţڴ˴似濴ŷ壬֣ͣؽе
飬ǰΪ
ţôˣ
ŷ΢ЦͷȻЦʵ
ܲҪ˶ãҾܹͻƵĩΪˡ
æش
ǰŷֱúƶȥ¹һƿƷǿʵҩȻԼƵҩҲʺʹãɱϾȼǲģҪ泹׼ǱͻΪôƷҩõѡ
ţǾͺá
ŷ廰û˵꣬ͺȻһüͷ˴͹Ļķ
Ľߣ
ŷüӦѾ˹ļߣɻЩ˭ʲô
ʵһС磬ǲκİǰģİͻȻҪǲʲôĻô͵ǵˣ˶أһǲĸȥİСȥġ
ŷȥ룬˵ԷĽߣ߻ߣΪҪӻĻȻǷɶ˻޻صġ
˭ǹŷ壿
ùŷû뵽ǣ׼ǰȥѯʲô֮ʣһñԴ֮Ļ쳹ǳأǳص˶Ȼ̧ͷ÷ʲô¡
ŷ岻ٴÿ죬۶Էʲôģ־Ӹµǳˬ
ʱïҲ⼸ˣæӸ˳⼸ġ
ȻͿһĹŷ壬׷׷ϴЩԻؿŹŷ壬֪ǼҪҹŷʲô
ѵѰģǹŷѣ
˶²⵽ǸΪѰģΪղź̫òˡ
ˣ仰ҲӦï˵ڣҲٶ˵ʹױԴߣ߷˹
ŷ忴ïԻı飬Ҳû˵ʲôԼ֪ԼʲôʱʶôһˣӦǷϢ;վԭأǵ˭Լ
˭ǻҰֻصŷ壿
һҲս£;ӸµؿŵĹŷïˣʲôû˵ֱʵ


341 ķ
ŲһڿеˣʢˣӸµĻŷЦˡ
ï̻ϼҲһɫûһȥشĻ
ǻأư˻ôģ
·˾þòɫԳݣûж˵ʲôֻǳĮؿ·ˡ
ɸߵߣֱӳԴ
ʢţǸʢ֮⣬ȥĸС磬ĸǹģ
ȴոսСȻܵһЦ񿴺һԼˣ̵ס
ҪԸģǿͶֿˣ
ŷʱüһȻ֪⼸ģȴ֪ӦòҲģԼʲôµİɡ
ǣΪʲôɣ̬ȣ
£һʹӵڿն𣬷ɵƽУɫؿǣʲôģ
ͷӦĸԹŷŻǶһ㻰
ȻͶָˡ
ŷգïҲԾ𣬷׷׷ɵŷţҲ֪˿ĸˣŷҪֵĻҲκԥһжԹŷΪ
Сӣ˭˵ķ𣿣
ǰߣΪȻǸӦŷʵΪģȻһʮױԼ˵ʱΪŭҰֻҲ̫˰ɣȻһССԼ˵
Լ˵𣿣
ߣΪиĽߣƹ˼С磬ΪС޵ˣ
Ǿ֮ܣ
վ߿Ŷ漸ˣﲻмЦš
ȴЩɻˣɱ¿Щǰֻ꣬бΪΪʲôЩȴأ
һһȻӣģƺΪ
ѵ˵ʲôҰֻص
üţԼĵ뷨꣬ǲһٶѣôܻԼ͸Ϊ
ҲҰֻĶӣЩԴ߲Żģİɡ
뵽
һ飬˭
ŷЩīٴεʵ
⻰һѾ϶ŷ϶ֻǻҰֻĶӵŭǸ죬ٻֿԼ˵ȴ벻Ȼһ߸˵
ŭˣӣȻŭ졣
Ҳ룬ͳ˸Ե߶ŷ˹ģȫȻһҪѹŷʬεļơ
ȻǸԸʲôҰֻصģȴ֪ںҲҰֻأҰֻظݻˣҲֻǱһ٣ܵʲôͷ
һǿֻĽ׳ΪСˣûҲûˣʢ
ߣ
ˣï̻ϣ涼һҲֻïΪףһˣӦˡ
˼˵һ˵ģ
ټϳ̻ϺߵĻǾȫڶʱڻɱԷˣʵҲŭˣۼǾȻɱܲŭ
Ҳ˸Ծҫʯӳֵİ˼ӭǼˣ˿֡
ԷȻ˸ǰӦսɫٴ˼֡
̧ͷǸֶ꣬ԷʼյȻûһ㾪ŵ˼ԭѹȥɻٴ
ôûһ㺦µ˼أ
ĿǰĸӦòɣѵͲ֪ԼĽΪڣЩˣ𣿣
˵ȷջŷ˵̬ȣ룬ΪԼûбԼݵԭɣ
ȻɲţǸʢ֮⣬˭Һʢ˵ģ
룬ͳѾһ³ȵ
ĳȣȻɷŭҲΥųǰïһŲмתԹԵ۷ȥ
ҲֻïʸһսҲҲֻʸѣǿɶΪ
ߣǲǷղţʮغϣɱǡ
ȴôҲû뵽кǲ˱ס
ʮغϣǾͻᱻï˸ɵ
۷ïҲ׷ɫصһۣҲתص˹ŷ
ŷʼһȻı飬Ŀ⵭ؿ֪ͻ˵ˡ
Ȼֻһɨ˹ŷïһۣ벻ǻҰֻص˻ͦѪԵģܲ
һתЩصʢŵǰΪǼʢŵģأ̸
ŷһʢţ
ʲô
ǲ֪ĳ̻ϼȴɫһ䣬¹ϽڵСУ᲻֪֮һʢţ
ŷһɻ󣬳̻Ͼæ͵ʢ¹ϽС֮һһĽ۷ΪߣҲĽĩǿߣʢŵŴ֣ΪΪĽڣ
Ľ۷壿
ŷ΢΢ͷϵԼҰֻһᱻСĳǿϣȴȻô졣
Ÿոս˲ѣͱʢˣ治֪ǸңǸÿЦ
ʢţ
ʲôЦ¹ûҰֻؼ룬ҲǾԲܵ飡
ˣһսǣ
ŷϺƽȴȻһŨҵս⣬֮ãԼҲȷûкúõͬսһˣ
ǸĽ۷֣ÿԼ֣һԼ׿ӦһĶ֡
ǻȥɣǻҰֻأġ
ͲҪǣŷؾ
˵Ǹʢŵսһ˼ҲԼ鷳Ļŷ廹ǲĵȥ˼ҵġ
ϾĻҰֻػֻǸո𲽵Ľ׶ΣǲʺսţҪĻҪȴø˵
ŷĻ˲һ룿
Ȼʢţ
δСӲ֪ʢĸжǿ󲻳ɣ
Сƨ֪ʲôȥ
ȫ˵ӶʱŭȵȻѵûûССһɸղѾֹǣǿɲٳǰȥˡ
ҾǻȥɣǻҰֻأǲǵġ
ŷ˿ûӵĺ˵
һأɫǳ׵ȥ
ôܻŹŷĻ
ô
ְҰֻظͳͳر꣬ԴΪʢŴжû˸ĿԼ˵ˣ
ͬߣûôջ𣬿ǣֻ꣬һ߶ѣ
ҪǴȥԼĸ飿
񲻵ñЩ϶ͷЦ
붯֮ʣȴÿŷǿյ˫ؿԼȻûչֳκĿ⣬֪ΪʲôﾹûɵһʱֹסҪĶ
⣬ô£
ôСӵ񣬻ƣ
񡭡Щ߽ϵߣĿʵһ㣬ĿҲ˵ĸо
ǳԾһߣΪλԼĸоǣʱ֪ΪΣȴôûеȥóԼ
ģ˵ǻҰֻǲҽȻҡ
߲ûע⵽ŷĿ⣬ҹŷҲûпǣûָо
ŷٴظǾ仰ɴ޹⣬Ҫ֪ǰȥĳСĳߣ
˭˲һټһϲ
٣㲻룬Ҳһ΢Цܰ
СǴĸƫⰡѵͲ𣿣
ðɣЩԴߣôҲǸʢŵʼ޶ԵӰ
СӲأѵҲ
ǣ̲ס˳
أȴǹŷֹסǵĻͷ
ұ죡
Źŷ˫ԽԽ˫ﲻٴһæŤͷŭһͷӦ˹Ϊջ
ԼȻһߵСӵĿŵˣ
δأСӲֹǰΪ
ţСĽּʶûƷ󲿷˶ƷĲ²⣬Ϊ֪ϣڡ
һ겻Լû͸ΪȫһЦȴ֪Ҳǲܵ顣
򣬾ֻǵؼĶѣ꣬ǵһĩڣǶ׳ڱԴΪĻôԼȷǿ͸ġ
ǣԼ켶ĽĩΪڵȼȫռƣͿԿ͸ˡ
ôɣǲԼ²ǸǸȻȣʾĲ
٣㵭ͱʾηԼˡ
һĿ˸ջûٶ˵Ҳûʲôǿ˹ŷһۺ󣬻˵Ͷ˵һߡȻת͹Ļ˹ȥ
¶ʱȻôתȥˣ˿ѾԶ˵ıӰٿ˿䶢Լˣƺʱпֵܶïˣһҧʵظ󣬷˴͹Ļ
ȴôҲףһƢһ仰ͷпɱ˵Ϊλͣ
ǿûļʶҲûķԾԴֲ׽ô¡
ǲмԼ֣ȥҰֻذɣ
иԼôǺɡ

ŷûȥߣüԶȥ˳˼
ղҲΪֵģҲ˻ɱ˵׼ȴû뵽ǸģȻͻȻ֡
ѵǷʲô
ŷ˼ţԽԽֻôһˡ
Ϊ֪ʢϵµͨԱȫˣԼǰ˵̬ȣȥǾ͹ˡ
ȥҲ;ֻôһܹ͵ͨˡ
Լصò
ŷһЦԼ¶ʵʵͿ˶սʱͻȻԷһ
ҲǹŷΪʲôһֱʵҪԭˣ٣Ͳʲô
Ȼȵһ죬Լ㹻ʵʱǾͲҪȥˡ
ͺڻҰ½һ
ţȵΪƷҩʦ֮󣬾ϢˣʱֻҪǳԼ̫Ϊ˿Կ͸ԼΪˡ
ŷﰵ뵽
䣬Ա˵ܣ˵ȴôѡ
ҩ֮˵
ҩҩԶԶҩʦԱȵġ
ϢԼҩһֿԼΪĵҩ̷һţҩЧĵȼԱһһЧ
ԣҩҲֻУ֪ϢĴڣҲ޷ƳҲ͵ǾƷˡ
ֻҪƳֵҩŷҲͲ±˸ԼˣֻҪǳԼ̫࣬;ûа취ԼʵΪ
һʱֵͶ뵽߲ݵҩ;п
ŷ̾


342 ʥǵѪ
ʢš
ߺ󣬳̻ϱ¶һ˿֮ɫڹŷԥص
ŷ֪ڵʲô˵ʢŵʵɴӸղų̻ϸԼԼ¶˵֮ɫϣжϵóʢŵԲ򵥡
ֻҪ磬ֻҪûױԴ֣ŷͲ£С磬ǿҲֻС磬ǿҲˡ
ʱս׼ɣأ鱨Ҫˣʱ˼Ҵ򵽼ˣ㶼֪
ŷ˵ôһ䣬ֻͷų
İ鱨һᾡõģ
Ҳ֪ԼͣͲϸϣҲҰٷ֮ٱ֤鱨׼ȷֻоˡ
ŷ΢΢ͷ˵ض鱨治ͨҲȵ˼Ҵ򵽼˲ֻ֪ҪԤһ㣬ûʲôõǵġ
ûˣҶȥ׼ɡ
ţõģ
˼ŷʼյȻ飬Ҳɸ԰һ㣬˵ͷæ·ȥȥ׼ˡ
ߺ󣬹ŷԭ˼Ƭ̣Ǿȥ¹ҳɺѦǰ˵ʵӦղǸǺģԷһд
׼͹ȥʱ򣬴͹ĻĹâȴһ߲ʹâŷͲͣ˼ͣ˭͹ˡ
âˣŷͲЦЦôҵˣ
Ǻƶһ͹Ϳŷ徹Ȼվ֪ҪͣĻһ˵صУƷеҩô߼˰ɣ
ŷжʱһ˿ϲƷеȣ㹻Լˣ
ƶģͲͷ治ǻҰֻصľڶ̶̼ʱֱĴܼң
ŷӳ̻ϵĿ˽⵽ƶԾ̵ȷм츳ŸոսĻҰֻصľãںƶľӪ£Ȼ¾ͷЩϰľãǲضã
ҲùŷһȣȻǶôǮ˭Ǯడ
ŷԵĿ佱ƶϲܵõŷһޣ͸оԼ⼸ֵˣ
٣ҲΪԼһһǴһױԴߡ
ҾĿ
ƶһЦҲٵŷĿζæ˵⼸죬ȥʹ磬ҲѰ˲ٸ߼ҩ
ƷƷľֻһЩҩƷҩֱ֮⣬һƷҩǼƷҩҪģ
ƶ͹ŷ˵˵ŷ彻Ҫȥ߼ҩǼƷʣǼ۸Ҳ̫ˣ¹ŷ
֮ҵƷҩֻŷôȥѡˡ
ŷôܻȥѡ񣬺ԥرǼƷеȵҩʲôʱʼ
ƶԲЩΣŷ۸ûʣѡ˰ƷģǼƷҩڱصѽ
ֻǼ۸񡭡
һ룬ŷӵô߼ԴֻҫʯҲþҲͲٶԣͿʼˣ۸ܹ󣬿ֵȥ۶ˣ
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ŷͺƶո߽һԱæӭһ˵òʱһȻϳ˹ŷ
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ûǸ¼ʦɧţɫе۾ɨӣǵȻллŷ˿ˣԼŷٴεܻӭ
ŷЦŵͷʱʥҲպô¥ŷЦСѣӭٴιٱ꣡
ֻŷʱ˫ɣ˫Уȴһ⣬ޣŷˡ
ŷĵһЦ֪ʥڳ¼ʦͻȻȥѾʼɵԼˣرǣԼΪѾǶڡ
ŷҲ£ֳ꣬˵ܻ̣ûг֤ݵĻҲԼ鷳ģΪⴿǻ顣
ԹŷҲģʥһȭЦȱǮˣֻǲ֪ܸȥ٣
Ȼ⻰ŷֻǿЦģҪǹŷʥǳ׵ǿΪģû˿ӺͰ⣬Ƿǳǳѵõˡ
ʥһֱڹ۲Źŷ壬ΪͣԼȴǲЦЩһԼ˫ȴĵͽߣ֪Ҫǿ϶١
رǣǱǿߣֹסһľ
ϴΣҲֻмµʱѣȴ룬ֻǼ¶ѣΪȻ漣ǵ˶ڣ
ǷʽЩߴϣ̫棬Ͼױȵĺܡ
ЩϣҲöô֣ǻôãľĻ˵ҲֻҪһǵľͻƺüϰеġ
ֻҪľﵽͻҲͲ̫ˣƷҩŨıԴ֮ô˵ͻƣҲΪ档
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ΪЩӵܣҪȡԴʯȲ˵˵Ǹ߰ӣͲмַȡԴʯ˵һֻݵ顣
һҲֻһˡ
꣬ȫƾԼŬģԣʣǱ켶ģ
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ڻɳ¼ʦǲǱŷɱҲѾõˡ
ֻŷİɱ⣬֪Ʋֺ˵ˣҲƲԸԿˡ
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ٷ֮ʮŶǽľֵĽ¼ʦ治ɶ
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ҲʥֻΪŷٳ۵ƷҲֻǺϴμֵһŻ˵ġ
Ҫ֪ŷ۵ƷļֵضڵóӶ߲ʵģֻԼҪȥͷװʲôβǣ
ŷҲû뵽ԼһЦʥĽ˼۸񣬵Ƕֱˣŷȴǲȥռ
ԣɼ۸ȷǷǳ󣬵˼˵ǾͱǿԼҪԼԴռˣƽƲ
ʵʱһ˵ϺأȫԼһ֮ǰֻԼȥѡˡ
ˣֻǿЦģʲô۸񣬻ʲô۸ɡ
ŷڰ֣΢Ц˵
أʥٴξһģȴ͡
СѣͲҪƴˣܽѣɲɵĲۿԱȵİ
˼ܹ˵ʥ׸֣һ֮ǵȻ͸СˣһЦֱ
ŷ廹˵ʥʹϵСѣǿʥԸҽѣ
ŷʱˣʥ˵ֻˣ˵ʲôأ
Ǽ⣬Ǿллˣ
ŷԱˬ֮ˣȻʥнύ֮⣬Ծֱƺˣ磬ҽйŷ壬ԺҹϵܾУ
ͶߣϵܣҲ˷ʱˣⶼ쵽ˣǾͰѶˣȻȥúúһ
ŷˬʥǶԹŷͣǶһԵĵԱԸúðһƲˣȵ§Źŷļ򣬾͸һ˰żȥ
ŷ廹ǵһαһ˸§żģһһˣȴҲԴ˲Уǿˣʥòܲɣʵǳˬ֮ζܺԼθڡ
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Ұ½
ŷĵһЦѾȵҰֻسɳС֮󣬾ͻȥǶӵ
ʱ䣬̫ˡ
ϾǸʱĻҰֻأҲһƣ٣СǵİΣͲκ⣡
ǸңһݱȽϲϵļʦæվк
ţȳȥһ°ɣϵܵԼ
ʥǸļʦЦ˵
ͷ˿ŷ壬Ҳû˵ʲôת߳
ϵܣʲôóɣ
ȥʥǿһһֱŷĺƶҲûжʣΪǹŷŮˣǱԹŷ˵
ŷͷһ֣׼õһʮ˼ԼһżͳϣɢĹâҫʥŴ͡
ʮ˼óŷͷҲֻʣ¼ˣ˵ʮ˼ȥȡһɷã߰ٶ߲ʱԴʯҲĵʱ»᲻
ó˼϶ǲˣֻóΪһżѱʱܹǸҩ
żļ۸񣬹ŷ֪ģ߼ĸ߼ԴвۼΪ޴󣬺һͲֵܵʮ˼һˡ
ҪΪżͲ࣬ۺܲĻŷͻֱóˣżļ۸㹻Ǹҩ
ʥһֱͣ˵ʵֱ飬Ѿ֪жûֹˡ
һΣˡ
ܹõϵĹϵܣȻȸ߼
ʮ˼һż
찡ԼΪһߣһ֮Ȼֻһֵ꣬Ҳһ֮
ǣǣԼҲֻһ߼Դѣ
ȴû뵽һߣȻһӾóôĸ߼رǣȻһżԴ
ʥѾ֪ʲôĵˣֻܴؿʮһþԡ
ȴǿʼѪ


343 ޶ףϣ
ŷ嵹ûʲôһԵĺƶʥһֻӬɫﰵЦѡ
㻹βǣ
ں˰ɣ
ɵ˰ɣ
ȻЩƶǲұ¶ϵģ¶һЦ⣬װһǳģȻƶЦʥɫ»ơ
ŷЦؿʥɫͲɰڰЦ磬ǰԭ۸۰ɡ
ŷĻദڵѪеʥɾ˹ϸǲ¶ЩΣӲţһ뵽Ǹ߶ĲۣضҪԼ󣬶ʱй
̾һʥεصǸȿȡϵܰ
ʥ浱֪˵ʲôˣǼŻʮ߲ʱԴʯʥҧҧҲóˣǡ
ǿϰٿŰ
һ㣬ʮ˼ǰ˰ٿ߲ʱԴʯһżٿ߲ʱԴʯɵĲۣİٿˣԼֻ渶ɵģҲٿң
ô߲ʱԴʯʥôõó
õҲ߼Դˣǰ˼Դ
ԣҪ֤Լӣ֤Լղ˵ĻҲ֮£ֻεؿŹŷ壬ϣܹ⡣
ŷȻʥģôܻƲҲ˽⵽˵չ۵Ĳжô޴ʼЩ
һǧ߲ʱԴʯǾ͵ǰװ׶ٿţοԼļһǧٿţ¾ЩŽʮ׸֣һۡ
ŷҲòˣĵ棬ȴֲòۣͺǮûʲôˣ
磬ĺˣʲô۸ǻǰʲô۸ɣҲȥΪǮѽҲȥġ
ŷȻ˵ʥǮ˷ǳѿ
ŷ⻰ʥҲǲɴһͽ¿˵ȻˣǾ´ΰɣ´ΰɡ
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˵ЦЦô۸ûɣ
˵ʵʱʥģȴǶԹŷ𺳣һߣܹó˸߼ģ
һ£׬Ǯ˾Űٿ߲ʱԴʯ־޶ĽףҲֻܵſܻУңʮŻôһΣ
ɣֻҪһɣԼҵɾˢˢǣ˸һ¥Ҳ˵
𺳹𺳣ҲŷΪѣǣЩ黹Ҫɻġ
˵ŷݵϢֻҪĵֻҪŷ廹ｻףôͱϸĳЩأϵٺãҲȥʹڹŷκ顣
Ҳֻǰе𾪷ĵףʳһױԴߣΪλӵȼ
ŷȴûô࣬ٴüͷƺŰһʮűԴʯҲɲô࣡
˰ʮŵĳɽۣҲֻǺƶϵļ۸۳ģŷȴּ֪۸񲢲ᾫ׼
Ϊ׵ķҲҪһǧٿ߲ʱԴʯȷҲ˵ٿ߲ʱԴʯ
뵽ŷֲʼҪû͵ɼ۸񣬿ɾˡ
룬ŷ岻ɿʼǳҫʯأǼһżԴأ
ôҫʯóһ֣мٿ߲ʱԴʯļ۸ģͷľżԴƺҲֻʣˡ
ŷһֱüͷʥΪŷǲԼ۸ˡ
Ц˵ˣǸԼһʧپʮ߲ʱԴʯҲһǳ⣡
Ҳûκΰ취ĲۣҲ̫Ӵһ㣬ֻоվһ㣬ȴŷĻش
һֱվڹŷԵĺƶҲǲؿʥһۣͺʥ涨һ㣬ʥͷһơ
ˣǳЩҫʯɣ庮ԼҲûұ飬ҫʯҲ˵
ŷ˼Ƭ̣ǾͳҫʯϾ庮ǸʯͷĵػôԼ¾еǧ֮һûұ飬ָͻҫʯ
оһ£¹ŷҲͲٶ룬һ֣һҫʯͳǰϣֻ˼һ֣Ҳȫ˳
óȫģǼ۸Ҳһżļ۸٣Щô࣬Ӧ㹻Ǹҩˡ
էȻŷüͷɿʥΪŷѾˡ
ȴ룬һ֣һСȵˮʯͷͶ档
ɻؿȥɫͻȻһ˫ȻҲſһĲš
ҫʯ
ü֮ʥڽͰ͵ؿ˿ڣֻǻУȴǳ˲˼顣
֮ҫʯ⣬ѵǿĳҫʯ
ʥһڿˮҪ˵Ͼһߣһ֮ӦҲʧ̬ġ
ǣЩɶһŶΪóİ
һ˼ŽóôණҲֻһΪּıԴߣܻôණǷǳ顣

ʥоԼ֪ȥ˵ЩʲôˣٴһȭͷСҫʯϸؼһֵȷģɾתͷؿŹŷ塣
˵ϵܣ㣬⡭
ţЩȫۣæ㣬һǮ
ŷ΢΢һЦ
һʥɿʼŷ壬ԼϵĹϵܣǲȥĸؾַݺݵѹһ
μóô౾ԴԼóô˼һżģپЩ֪ҫʯ
Ҫôĳ棬ԸǰۣҪô˵ؽĳַؾѹһȻ޷ȥһߣΪλ˶ĺö
˾ģѹһеʺ𾪣ʥ㿪ʼԼᶨЩҫʯһһţǳ档
⵹ǲŹŷ壬Ȳ˵ôã֪֪治֪仰ѾĹ裬˵ϸļΪһʦҪӵе̬ȡ
ǣŷͺƶ˾С죬һһǸԴĵʱ䡣
ʥĵأһſżţʵ̫ˣٶȣ¶øСʱпܸ㶨

ڣһСʱ򣬼ּһʥǷһҫʯһ
ˣûԼˣ벻ô״μȴôӴ󣬼۸ô޴Ľס
ʥڸ㶨ŷͺƶҲֹͣ쿴˹ȴʥ˵
ϵܣЩҫʯǰտģǰģ֪İɣ
ʥЦŵ


344 ޶ף£
ŷͷȻ֪ġ
ҫʯĴСһȻ޷տ㣬Ҳǲ֪ҫʯǰġ
ŷͷʥͼ˵һҫʯҲȭͷôһļ۸һʱԴʯǧ
ǧ
ǰһһʱԴʯǲǧʱԴʯٶ߲ʱԴʯ
ŷͺƶϲͷ۸񣬱ǹƵĻҪ˲١
ŷûʲôʣʥ˼۸񣺡ȥɼ۸һİʮ߲ʱԴʯ㿴ô
ŷȻ۸ȻҲûа취ֻе˵ͷʾԼû顣
Ǻã֮ǰľŰһʮţҲһǧʮ߿ţ
˵ţʥվεؿЦô߲ʱԴʯϿûУϵԵһᣬȥܵȥȡΣ
û⣬Ҿ㡣
ŷ΢Ц
ǴͣҲᳬСʱͻˣʱ䣬Ȼûκġ
ŷӦʥҲͲٶһԱԸúдһŷˣҴȥˡ
ŷһߺƯԱĲˮһ߼ĵ졣
ڣŷ廹֪ҩĸ
ƶǸƷҩĸҵģ
ڷ磬Ϳʼˡ
ƶش
ŷɻı飬ʱͷӦ˹ŷŸոûѣȻǲ֪ĸģǽ͵һߴ磬Ҳֻߴ磬ֵȼҩ
ŷȻͷԼֿȥι۲ιߴˡ
Ǹҩʲô
ŷʵ
ǽʲôǶɣͦ˹עģΣ»вҩ
Ƕʲô֡
ŷ˱죬벻һҩȻԼҩֻееô

ƺԼҩ֡Ҳ̫һ㡣
һ뵽ҩŷ̲סüͷ޸ƿҩһֱǳա
Ҳ֪ҩǳսУ̫ˣڿ¶ֻ൱һм鱦߼鱦ĳ̶ȶѣҪ޸һ֣ѣ
ңԼҩҪ޸ĻҲƷϵĽЩƷ͵Ʒģûпܡ
Ϊŷ֮ǰѾõƷ¹ԹˣҩûκζԹŷƣҲƷϵĽп޸
Ʒļ۸񡭡ƷǼ۸񣬿ɾԲˡ
ҪǣȱԴԴֻҪʵˣȴֻսľҪġ
ҲΪʲôἫѼȼԭˣֹҪʱ䣬ӴĽϣҲֹĹؼء
ֵһıԴʯ
ŷ̾ԼüӽҩʦٶˣԼҲֻҩʦȼȥƷҩЧҩܲΪԴʯˡ
Ʒ
ŷЦЦֻҪõǸƷҩԼһͻƣȻҪҩС
ƷƷǵʵĿԽôͻƵģŷ־ȱ̬ҩ츳Ҳһꡣ
һڣԼҪֳһЩʱĻôٶֽͣôɣǼŷҲܱ֤ԼڣܳΪһƷʦҩʦ
ʱ䣬Ѿ޵ıԴ˵ָ㲻ϣôȥˡ
СһᣬԭΪҪСʱģȴֻʮӶѣʥٴθ˻
ùϵܾõˣ
ʥһЦ˵ôһ䣬Ȼһ֣һƤɵĴӾ͡ˡһ˵ϣϵܣһǧʮ߿߲ʱԴʯ㡣
ģҵȻġ
ŷЦ˵Ĵ᲻Ϊôһ㱾ԴʯʲôС˵ʥˬԸ񣬾ͲŪʲô١
ֱһ֣Ͱһǧͨ߿ɵ۵߲ʱԴʯսҩռ䵱С
ŷҲ㣬ͰЩ߲ʱԴʯսҩռ䣬ʥвһ˿Եͣȣ˴治һ˿ġ
ȻֻвһͣͣƬͶ統У˵һСӶ֣ȣ£Щʮʮߣ޷㡣
ҲʥԹŷӳԽԽã˵֮ǰǿ˹ŷǱҲȷеϲŷԸύĻôڣʥȫȫеذѹŷ嵱˹ϵܡ
ϾŷʾǣǶԼһκϿɣʥ˵ȴҪֱӸٿ߲ʱԴʯҪøˡ
£Ҳһ֣ҲǲȥԼߵʱ䣬ŷûʲôСͰЩսֽͼ§Źŷļ򣬵
ϵܣߣǱ߷ҲѾ׼ˣ飡
ŷԲɳ˳ǣ飿磬ǴھϺǧ𣿡
ǧôֵֻҪϸҲǾ꣡
ʥһЦû뵽Ȼƽˮ纣ĹϵܣȻͦĬ
ҲǳףŷԸܺԼЦǾͱʾİԼѣɵãͷǸˡ
ƶڹŷ˵󣬿ʥǿߣż棬Ȼͺ͹ŷ忪ʼֵˣŷ񣬲ɴ塣
ԶΪһֻǼ棬һǿߣһֵ֮ƣ˵ϿʲôҲ˵ʲôβڱŹŷĲأ
Ȼεºܣܹʥ¹Ҫðֵ飬ֵأ
࿴˳ۣͶԷԸ
ðɣҲһɣǹŷǾǱǼٲֵ˲Żӵеȣ
ʥԴ£ŷͺƶ˾¥ȥһ·ǹɫװΣԼ˵辰Ե÷ǳ¡
¥ӳľһĴҲõ÷ǳľһƽ͡
룬Ѿһųεģа֮õ̴ľ㣬Щһ֪ĲȺ;ƣùŷ嶼ʳָ󶯡
ϵܿ
һ̴߽ľʥæкŷĶ£ƶȻҲڹŷߵģ˸һãʥͶװƵɫ«
ϵܣȼƷƳľƣپĽѲأ
ʥһָоƸŷܵһﻹȻǷǳϲ־ơ
ϵܣҪһ᲻ú־ƣֵȸһ˵
ʥǿ«ʱһɾҺͲܣôϲȾƵĹŷ壬˫һ
þƣ
ŷ޵


345 磡
ϵܣȸһζ˵
ŷĳޣʥͲɹЦǴЩ⡣
磬ɣ
ǵĵȷȷܹľ㣬ŷ̲ס˾ƱȻʥһͷһڵ
ʱͬһһ㣬ڿǻﻨ̼ζٺͿǻڱڣ˳źǴŻ棬һ·£Ȼθȼա
ȻģȴǳỬ˳ڣûһʻǴʹȻģθ˻𣬿ָоȴǺþƣҾƵ
⻹û꣬Һθųֻ֮ȫָоȴǻºͣ¶ȣͺӵС֣ڰϸһ㡣
оǳá

۾־ƺȥʸоȵָоױ鲼ȫֺͷůĸо󣬹ŷһ˫ۡ
ϵܣоôϸƣɣ
ʥһڣҲǷǳָоŷ˫ۣ͹Ц
磬ƣû˵
ŷ޵⻹һΣȵôõľƣȥȻ̹ˣԼ裬
˿ʥŷЦЦ磬ԼƵİɣ
ȻϵܰûƣٶǰżȻһС﷢˼ƷȻĴѰּƷɣȡΪ㡯
ʥǵɫصͷ˵ǴΣҲû٣ֻ˼ٺ«ѣڱҺȵãҲֻʣļʮƿ
ŷ΢΢һЦٴƱʥһºЦҽпڸˡ
˻̸Ц֮һ㣬;УʥҲʶûһڹŷκ飬ֻ֪ŷʲôʲôģȫȻ֪
ŷȻҲȥ˵˵ҲûҪȥ˵ѣֲǿԷȥֻۣںԷݸߵ͹Ľѡ
ˣɾ뷨
ϵܰԺɵó˵Ʋˣһһ㶼˷ѣ
ʥԽŷͺƶ͵ſڣǸ˵˵
һٷֱǴԵ˵ڶ賿ǹŷ˵ҪµĻʥ켸ҹ
ͨ˿ܲ˼飬ȫڻӻ
޵˵ֻӻȴһܡ
֪жߣһԷȾƣǸ켸ҹʮµҲ࣬ޣںôһʱȥȾƣȥ
һһɣ´ٹ
ŷʥȻʥ»ֱȥ͹Ļ
ʥҲˣͷϵܣ˵˵İһʱ䣬Ⱦƣ
Ҫƺȹˣˣһкüǧ«һٶģζ϶Ҫһ㣬ҲҪϵļʮĳҪã
ŷæͷİɣʱһȾƵġ
ʵŷȴһμӿЦԼôйȾưԼΪѻҰֻصչ׳ȥǸӹأ
Уȥɣ
ʥҲ֪ŷˣҲͲٶĹŷļһֱȵŷͺƶӰʧУЦݵػص˵
˵ھϣӺܶ飬⻰ȷû
һƣ˶ȵ÷ǳģҲԶԷԸ˸˽⣬ʥҲԹŷ壬ԽԽ֮ѡ
ŷǳˬ˿ûΪԼΪǿϥԸ񣬼ʥθڡ
ڴˣԭ߲¼ʦ飬׼һģҲɳ׵طŽ˶ȫ֪¡
Լ߸ͦģȵˣƶԽԽˡ
ôҲû뵽ֻǼѣһǿߣһȻŷΪ֮ѡ
ǶصֻҪദˣ޲
ƶֻ˸̾
ŷȻҲ֪ƶһ·ڶԼԴ⣬뿴Ϳ
Լֲȱʲô

磬ͬһ㡣
ǳǳǻҰ⣬ĴɼߴķɫķҶ裬ʱʱĶᴵ¼ҶҶڿз裬ȺƮɣʹ磬⡣
ŷųǳķִգһ̾
벻磬ԴԶԶ磬صķ羰ҲСӵеġ
磬Ȼʵ
ٿǳصĽֵֵܿа´࣬ȴжôһۿȥͷʾ޾ٺӵ
ڽֵԣһݻĵ棬˹ŷ忴Сһҵ꣬ҪĸҲ
߽е֣еЦһ˸ҶֶţӵȺУЩ߿ƯĹҲ˿ëëŵĶڡ
磬Դ࣬㣬羰滪ΰҲǼõġ
ֻһŷͳϲ磬ҪԼϻż޵Ļһֱȥˡ
Щ羰ͷȴһֱźƶеĽ⣬У˽⵽ǸƷеҩУȻһ
統УЩ׬Ǯ߶˵Ĳҵ磬ռˣ磬޷зһ
׬Ǯ߶˵⣬¾ߴ綼ûзݣоǺƶԼֻ߼ƷС
Ҳ˵Ҫ׬ǮߴнϷʸС磬ֻŪСά֡
뵽ŷǸоԼϵѹ˼֣壬ȴΪͦΡ
ͬһĲɡ
ȺУźƶԼеЩʱʱصһͷ
еĹв٣ҲЩͨ࣬ɸΪȫΪģΪ
Ȼ֮ģȡҲӸ߰ˣƶ˵ҪķɹоȻҪȡеİٷ֮ʮѣ۸ͻã۸ߵĻٷ֮ʮǷǳһʡ
࣬ȫ͵Ǯˡ
ǣȴЩҪȫȥֲԸⱩ¶ݵߣòӣԸô߰ѡ
һţһţŷ巢ǰֵϵҲԽԽˣ֮ǰܲˣǰ棬Ҫ˰ˣ˼ˡ
ȻΪ˲ĳЩڻ֮пͣǰвŮԻǴŮԵ߶ſ֣Ҳ˵ǰ棬֮ײ˭ּӲ󣬾ȼȥ
ŷ忴˿һԵĺƶȴѾſԼ֣Ҳٶ˵Ҳȥ֣ƶһͬȺмȥ


346 У
ǿ磬ߴ磬ֻҪշУǴ򶷣ʩ֣ġ
ʩ֣ҲֻΪ˲ͣŷһүǣȻǲ±˭ץˡ
ǰˣЩˣμġ
ƶһ߼ѵȺмţһ߸ŷ͵
ƶֻһΪˣ඼Ľϣ߽׵Ҳǳ˽ߣŷ嶼Ӧ˺Щ
Ȼĵα̬ҲǲܹӦó˽ߵΪģֻƾԷصϢеóĽۡ
ôˣ
ŷʵǱһۿȥµʮ˰ɣ
ʮ˲μӵУ
治һУ
ǰΪֻ߼Ʒÿ߼ϡеƷֻҪпʼһмĸ߼ǰ
ƶּ˼ףԴ㴭Ϣغ͹ŷ˵
ŷȻͷôṦ򣬲Ųȥʮ׵ľ룬Ц
ʲôʱܵ
ŷΡ
ûϵģһ㿪ʼ֮ǰǿԼȥġ
ƶȻûнȥУǹ˵ö䶼ˣЩ£Ȼ֪ġ
ŷǳ׵ˣһ֮ǰԼȥ
ڿɻֻߵ㰡
˵ʲôɿӵȺǼƷҩΣֻмˣ
˿Ѿ۵΢΢ĺƶŷҲˡȡЩЦǼ⣬һʩų˻棬ǿǿȵ֡
ŷȫȥЩˣΪһض߽ʩų֣һкüĽʩųǿȣҲ൱׵ģӵȺУע⵽Լ
ߵע⵽ˣҲû˻ԼΪǿ϶룬ԼĸӵܣЩӵܣӵи߼ףֲǲ˼¡
Ϊ˱ԼõİȫЩóż׶ô֣ȻҲߴĲпܡ
ңߴʵǳģһģû
ԣһ뵽ԼܿĸߴӵܣЩ߾ע⵽ԼҲ϶ʲôǷ֮룬ΪǶܱһ˼׷ĵӣֺܱصģֻҪôˣǱض⵽׷ɱ
ǻòͷˣû˭
ŷҲ׼һ㣬Ÿ˷Ĵ󵨵ʩֵġ
߰ɣһ𼷡
ŷԺƶָָ֣ԼԣЦ
ֹŷΪʲôҲʩųأŷ˵ƶ࣬ͲһƺЩˡ
ٿŷǷ·ԶǵȻ΢ЦƶʱоԴһ壬ĵ׵궯࣬Ҳƽ֪ԶԼ
㣬Լ廹ǴģҲûܡ
ĵȻое㲻ҲеģȴǳԼദ࣬ҲֻѶѡ
룬ԼƯöĳɶûۣǸοԼأ
ң˵ļ磬һɶ̾磬֮Ķľӡ
ԣƶת˲͵̬һЦ߽˹ŷߣǶصζģȴǸΪƽ
ԼʵϲֻаݲܵĵİĵԼôʹ࣬Щʹĺƶǳ
ôԼݰʢɡ
ҹ˾ʱԼȻĵȻܲģβǰĶζأ

Ǻǣ벻ҺƶҲôһ졭
ζҲԼİԼΪҪһζ
ᣬ࣬ǰκζ
ŷ嵱Ȼ֪ߵĺƶﾹȻðô뷨֣漷ţƶֻҪ߾ˣɵúܡ
˵۾Ͳܵȵ˶ȥˣٽȥ𣿡
˺һʱ䣬ֻǰʮ׵ľ룬ŷΪεʵ
ⲻУÿǰߣкö޷Ҫ̫ˣֻмпܽ
ƶҡͷָȺ㿴ԴԴϵ˼Ҫͣ£϶ûǵķˣ
ŷԻͷһʱֹס˻ͷԽԽ࣬µм߼ԴԴϵţҲȷƶԣֻмˡ
ҲùŷΪ̾ʢһоͲ֪׬Ǯˡ
Ϊǽķãÿ˶һʱԴʯʮˡ
ŷ岻ٴ̵ֳٶȣƺҪ죡

ĸСʱʮʱ򣬹ŷƻֺſڣŷͺƶҲһ
˵ƶûзʲôһ·Ҳ͹ŷ죬Ϊռĸ֪ʶ͹أӵ˳ȴͷҲѹһ
ڵˣˣｻ볡ѣǾͿԽȥˡ
ƶһȻָž޴ſڵļʮͳһװߣŷ˵
ŷ˵ͷƾĸСʱĲ֧֣Ҳķ֮һ˿̸о˲١
ſȥһְҵ΢ЦŮӱߣֱӸʱԴʯԱЦǰ·
ͨλһʱԴʯһˣһʱԴʯǿڰģȻҲİᣬֻеȵġ
Ȼﲻ̫˼ŷ廹Ǿõ͵һĺãϾԼҪó˰ʮ߲ʱԴʯģôһʣ˵ע⡣
Աһ·ȥһ·ŷ岻ٴᵽеĲƴ֣Ҳףʲôһе
ͨܿҲܳȲ˵ЩǽϺװΰɣ˵ǽֲֲ֮ùŷ岻ɴ˫ۡ
ͨԵǽ£̾͵ʯ飬ǡ
һĽ
˵ֲֻһֲģʤڳȰ
һ·죬ŷƣЩмǧˣ
ϴκԼ˵Ʒһǧۣ֮ŷϸ֮£ĽȻƷģǼ۸񡭡
οǼǧ۸Ǹ߰
ùŷԾģЩֲֲ
֣Щֲһҩģңûһ꣬ǵڰƷҩģ
Ʒҩģһ꣬ùŷ岻òٴθ̾
еĲۺޱȣ治֪Щ˶ٽֽͰƷҩģװΣ
ŷҲֻǾľȣظƽ
Щҩĺܹܹ󣬵ӵҩռ˵ȴǸʲôˡ
ǣҲٶ룬ͺƶһͬԱȥ


347 ʼ
λǵİᣬвˮҲ㣬ףλ죡
Աѹŷ˴һ䲻СԵúܿİڣȻЦ˵
ŷ΢΢һЦ˵ͷȻͺͺƶ˽ȥ
ȹŷ˽ȥԱֹذŴϣȻҲ뿪ˣȥӴ
߽ᣬװȴôݻӦ˵ǲԵô̻Իͣݻһݻֻڲ¶ֵ͵ݻ
ɫװΣÿһװΣֵƣԻ󣬵ֲ٣ŷϲָо
ڣһ̴ľ輸輸̴֮ľΪףԴƤΪӣʵһ֪һǳʡ
Ӷ棬һ޴ˮؿ·һ״Ǹ̨ɼ
֪ˮͿĨһʲôؿ棬ûжסһ㣬濴ĻǺһƬ࣬ҲֻԼмӰѡ
Ҳõı֤˹˿͵˽ⷽ棬һá
ȻΨһͬǣҪõı֤˽Ǿ͵öཻǮˡ
˹Ĺ˿ͣκȥ۵ģܱ֤ݲᱩ¶
ŷ忴ᣬ˵ͷ⡣
Ȼֳȥʱͱǻ𱬵ĳ𺳵ˡ
˵ʮͬʱеһǳ࣬Ҳһǳ׳ۣǣֻĶѣۿĻ߳
ΪһηֲǰȻ̨ˡ
ȫǲμߣǰģһһţȻ죬棬ȴֱ߰ǧһˡ
ǹŷѡеȰᣬǵ͵ȰᣬǸߵȰԼİᣬǴελá
ǵ͵ȰᴦڵλãҪЩͨߵλҪһ㣬Ҳֻһţһһǧᡣ
еȵģҲǹŷѡҪȵ͵Ȱһ㣬ҲһǧȻߵȶĶˡ
Ҳ˵Щͨλãǵһ¥ĻôǶ¥¥¥¥ˡ
Ȼ棬ԱԴߵȴǲޱȵؿ̨ϵκǿԿߵҰ൱ãһɸ߸ϵζ档
ܹѡģһСֵȷ͵뱣֤˽֮⣬󲿷֣Ϊָ߸ϣ·ƿȫֵưɣ
ŷһЦָоҲȷǺܺãǣĻȴǲַʾԼ߸ϣ١
Ϊָоֻһٵģֻһֱ鸡ˡ
ûʱһжǸơ
ŷҲദ˲ʱ䣬ƶȻ֪ŷϰߵġ
˵ĲҶܺãȴ֪ŷϲԼӼĽĲҶԱûָŷݣֻԼŪһ
Ȼֻŷո£һ֣һڵİװĲˮͳУ֮ĵĲ㣬ʱƮܡ
Ե㡣
ƶ輸ϵӣݵŷǰЦ
ŷͷùһ飬۾ȴûȥЦеĺƶǿ˿䣬Ȼʵôģ
䶼Ƿʽģֱ캰Ȼܣȫʮˣֻʮ֮һ˺ۣҲһš
ϴ¹ǰĻǿ϶Ҳǲܵģ۳֣Ҳûʦ
ƶȻûµ黹֪ġ
Ա˫Ŀһɨ漴Ͷ̴ľ輸棬ڹŷɻĿУС̴ľ輸海˼£Ȼһ
мȴǿյģǺŷֲ߸ոÿոһ㡯ֵİɫ塣
ŷȻֵ֪ѵ˵۵ģ
ʵƶҲǵһμֶȴ˵ⶫôõģֻһĥŪˡ
ȻָӦýľĶ˵ŷ壬ľֻҪǱȽϴУһ㶼ֶ
ڹŷȻУֱָ߸ո֣ľ˵һľť͵ȵʱֻҪ֣Ҫʲô۸ֱӲ־ˡ
߸ոұߵģʹһʱԴʯһֱߵ߲ʱԴʯ
漴ƶָָˮˣ˵۸ֻаһǸť۸ͻʾǰˮˣʦȻҲܹõˡ
ô棿
ŷǾˣôôЩ˼飡
ŷע⵽һ㣬ľ棬̴ľ輸ϵģ̴ľǣҪҪֺܶ࣬һģŷҲ˹
Ӧĳּ侫ĻɵЧˣΪôĶߺۣôԶʾóڿԭֻǻõþ
ȻƶЩԲûʲôȣԽһҲȷͬŷ²ģ⺰ľȷֻǳܵĻضѡ
ٶԣЩ󣬹ŷͺƶҲͿʼȴĿʼЩλҲǼֻʣһǧλˣҪ˶ãܿʼˡ
ʮͬʱһ𣬾ϸҲؼǧͬʱС֮ڶǳ֡
ŷȻڰǵȴԸȫʱͱӴǿŵˡ
ԭ綼ȽټߣȴͬĶ߰㳣
˵һǧоŰٸ׻׵ģһٸʮ߽ߣʮǰ˽ߣʮĽ׼µġ
УŽ߹ŷ϶޷ӦģҲ֪ûУǣŷȴ֣һĽ֮⣬µߣȴֻЩŻôһ
ŷҲȻףոպͺƶʱ򣬾ЩΪʲôԼ˵ĿǾȣǻȻˡ
ǾԼͺƶΪôֵطȻ뵽ԼĳĵˣģҲͻȻˡ
ڹŷЩ߰ʱ򣬶ǳޱȵȻ͵ذԭķӿˣһӾͱƽǰԱȷǳԡ
ŷ֪Ǽʼˣæ̧ͷȥֱտյ̨ϣ˿ȴˡ
һ崺΢ЦˣǳЦòŮӡ
Һãзеϯʦ֣ʼڴˣллλǰˣ
˵꣬Ϊŵضų߾˸ȴûƺֶ״ϰˣϸûκΣȻЦ紺硣
ˣϻҲ˵ˣǾͿʼɣ
һأֵĻȴ糱


348 ϣ
ŷҲЦˣȷû˭ֵķϻ
ʼȻŷרűžǶˣʲôö𣬿ǼʶҲС
£ŷͷ˲豭רֵĽܡ
ĵһƷһżԴҶ˽ҶϸҶҶ
ָԼֱǸŮŵһϸܵרΪŮƣǾżʦ
־ͿʼΪڳ˽ԣǿԼӿٶȡ
ȫܶвȤߣĬš
ŷǺһզ࣬УȻһУһƷȻһżԴǽģٶʮˣ
һԵĺƶǱҲǹâҲֻϲˣвҲҪ
ϾֻôһΪи߼֣ӳֵٶ࣬ҲôˣܲһڵΪֳһżȥսǿ߼ٸغϰɣ
ŷ͸Ǳ˼㹻ˣҲֻϲģѡ
Ȼ۽ע⵽˹ŷľȣҲƿĿ⣬ЦΪŷ͵㲻þȣֻǿóôõˡ
Ȼᣬ󲿷ֶ׵˽׵һЩȽϺõĽϵȵˣҲֻʱ̣Żĺö
ŷ΢΢һЦ˵ͷǱȴֳҶշ裬´ƮƮǵжôĶ
ѾһʮˣȼߣģҲǱɫ
Լֻ˶ѡ
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352 죨£
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ȷǻҰֻصҡ仹һꣿ
ֻĲ²⣬춼òодΪȻһ˵ֹ꣬סæʵ
Ҳܰٷ֮ٿ϶ǹ⿴Դ߶Ĺ̶ȣͲǶǰ㣬ԡ
⻰жʱһ⣬ͬ˵ǿ¹ϽµСУǳһ˲õ
˳˼У룬͵վ𣬾͵ҪҪȥһΣأֻҪʢųĻӦǻĵġ
˵ͿʼҧʵڲУҾʹȥӲģҾͲˣʢţвһҰֻˣ
첢û˵ü˼Ƭ̣ջҡҡͷȷŷŰɣղԣȻǲκԼչģһʢž㿪ٶҲþͻᶯġ
ӲĻ˵ֻҪɼȥˣ˻һ¼Ի㻹֪
ֻҪȥ飬۶ԴǶǶŸɣˣǸ֪ˣͻȥ£Ǹˣ£Ǹ飬ǻˣ
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ĻҲǲ̾һ¼ңʵʢŵͷ󻼣һв
ֻҪ¼Ҳ͵飬;ǶʢаٺһģһҲֻܰѻҰֻصȷŷˡ
ǣǵ÷ŵʲôʱȥϾǸҲ̫ᣬǱ̫ˣʱһã˵ˣ£Ϊһ¼Ҳ˵
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ȴһЦһ˿Ϊɱ⣬ûϵֻҪȵ¼һ𣬵ʱ򣬲Ұֻزǣ
Ȼû뵽˵һ㶣¶ϲ֮ɫæʵǲʲôƻˣʲôʱǳ¼ңҿǵһ˺þˣ
̫õġ
ĪЦЦûٶԣ価һоƿصĸо

ݹ裬ŷҲûǻصң׼ȥú˯һ
˵ʵʮ²˯һҲʲôӰ죬ŷȴϲ־״̬ȫ۷ʱܹȫͶ룬򵽸ĶٶȣȻҲӿࡣ
ڴϣŷһҩʩųְŵǿðĽʹҩռ˳ڹŷĿ£ȵƯǰĿС
ʵŷȥһܱܲҩȥֻһԼͲϤҲȫ֪ʲôôҪҫʯʲôõĻҩоԵЩ˷ˡ
ɭɭĺɲðţŷҿһᣬȻûзʲô֮Ҳֻεջҩռ֮ڣ׼ȵʱ䣬ȥһʳɺѦ¡
ջ˽֮󣬵Ҳٶ룬ó˿ġǵļһЦȻͰͷߣ˫ۣ˯ȥ
ÿ˯ŷ嶼ԼͷߣΪоÿһҹԼ
·;ϣԼʼնį


353 ĵĺƶ
ʱţתۼ䣬һ´ҴҶ
һŷʱ䶼ǴԼСԺҪôҪô͵㣬ȥɽϴҰζȻһеտ
µŷ巴ľҪʱ̽ŵҪö֣࣬˷ܡ
ΪɣŻγһֿ״̬ľȻ谭˵Ȳǰٶȣͨȴǿ˺ü
죬ŷһñһϵ㣬Ȼһ͹Ļȥǣ¶һ˿΢Ц
òһµʱ䣬ԤڵΪ
ï̻ϼҲ˳˵ĵ׷ӭȥ֪ЩʲôһӺ󣬶ŮͶԼ߷˹
һᣬŮϤӰͳ˹ŷǾ̾һµķΧȻɾ;ȻĹŷ岻˵ŴҲ̫ûǷ˰ɣôȴеĵ㣡
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˭˵ģⲻ֪ҪˣԸǵοο
ŷЦЦȻܲضžĳɷԸȥѵŪٰͰ
ɶʱɷԼոһ׸綼û˵ϼ仰ͻ𼱻ǵԼһ˼ҹԩҡ
ȴû뵽Ȼôһ̬ȣ벻ģ֪ôģԼͲܿƵǰȥԹԵذ㹳Ū˳Ȼһ˫С֣ץĴ㣬һԵĴͰ
Щһջ֪ԼôˣôôĻأ
ħ䣬ħ䡭
ŷþûҧгݣһŭСʿģˣֻ붺ѣȴԭߵģ֪ôͻȻȥƺ˫Ȼ˫ĵУһ˿Ϊį棬ùŷһãȻ
һһֱؿͬһԻϲԩҰѦ£һЩͷæ˵˱Ļ⣬ЦЦŷ壬ôЩ죬ûйŴɣ
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⻰һ²ǳˣѦ¶סһŷ⻰˼˵Լܽ٣ȫƾʮٶȣ
ȷҪķ棬ǣ⻰ôЩζˡ
ȻҲ֪ŷڿЦֻεؿ˹ŷһۣ㲻ٶԡ
ߡ˵õɣҪҵľôĻۣҪͻƵļ󣬲Ż;ͻƵĻƾʮŨ̶ȣôôѽ
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ЦŷЦŰڰ֣һԵһƯŮŮæΣֱ˹ŷࡣ
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ףôûмƶأȥȥˣ
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ȥҩһЩȥˣӦûҰɡ
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ѾһˣƶǱ߻ûʲôϢҲɿʼЩɻյ˵Ӧòȥôõġ
һ죬һߵ㣬ŷרŸѦרŸȡ㹳ٰŽͰϵõҲĬ
СʱͰһƽ߽صĴ㣬Ȼ˾ֽɽʼȻֻЩͨСޣԴޡ
ȻԴ޵ʣ϶ҪС޵ۣӪҲóԣٺóԣҲгζʱżζҲȷ
ǣС޹ŷȴ鷳㻹ûʲôرɰСޣ˵ɶģŷһҪͨȥɱɶŮҪôǶʯͷߣҪôסŷ廻Ūùŷһơ
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ŷ壬ô࣬ôԵѽ
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˵߽صˣһģҲԲ갡ô࣬˷ˡ
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˵ģȻǳˣǲŹκһ˿ڿŷĻᣬЦһȻ˹ŷһ˵
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ˣ˵ˣѾˣȳ԰ɡ
һѾѷŷͶԶŮ˵ôһ䣬ȻֶһֱԵλƯŮ֣ЦСԣС࣬Ҳһ԰ɡ
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Щ˵ΪµǣͲһˡ
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ѽǾ͹һ԰ɣ
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СԶŮʱܹȴæ޴ؽӹжö֪˵ʲôˣֻоůġ
󣬳ŪһаʳָĴָһûд̵ǣ͵˿Ĺŷͱϣһϱģûǰڿʱӡ
ŷûж룬漴ſǿ⣬ͷ촽ȻٲͬһָģԼûôע⣬ǳȴߺ
ȴǺϲĸоŷ廹û꣬æһ͵ߣԵ÷ǳܰ
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Ů˵ΪߵģٿСǺޱȵ񣬳ɸҧгݡ
㵱ʱôܹô׵ؾɱأӦöĥĥǵģҶҪˣ
ŷһնɱɻúܲɵúǲضŹŷ˵
ŷʱЦһ۴ڱŭеĳɣǵز˵κλͷԹԵسʳ
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ƶһϲŮһӵȻЦŶԹŷ嵹زʹҵһͬΪƷҩмϡƷ
ŷ΢΢ͷһЦ˵ЩʲôȴȻƶǿЦУƺŵǣǿ
Ͳüͷ;ؿźƶҲ˵
ԭκƶһȥһ£ѾùŷͷЩɻˣٿǣǿЦ⣬֪ʱ䣬ʲô顣
ȻŷһſһӦͷƶϢԺܲȶ²ܴҪôʲôǳĵ飬Ҫôʲôǳߵ顣
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ȻȻǲΪŷԺƶʲôͼģֻԻŷźƶʲô˼
ƶǿװЦ⣬һŷ·ܿ͸Լ˫۶ţоЩԭЦҲ𽥵ȥȻпʼ־Ө
ֵľӨأؿʼ۶࣬һӾͲۿ䣬ֳһɼȵķŭġ
ƶӣʱͰѦºͳɸˣǿǴûмƶģģ˵ǿ޵ˣһ飬δй
ƶ㣬ôˣ
ƶһ˶Ѧ£ƶӣƶһޣֱļ٣׵׷ʲô顣
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ƶַŭޱȵģɶʱŭˣҧű˵
ģֻҪǺƶ˵˭۸ͲȥܶԷǿͻͶԷȥƴɱ


354 ƶĹ
ûûʲô
ƶ촽æҡͷ
ѽƷƽ㣬Ϳ˵ѽ㣬ⲻǸɼ
ɼƶ˵ļƶ¶ֱۣ˵
ѦȻû˵ʲôϵļк⣬֪Ҳ֪ƶ׷ʲô飬Ƿŭ˭۸˺ƶ
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ɺƶһҡͷȴԽԽ࣬ԽԽףգۼ䣬һ˫۾Ѿͨͨ졣
ɣ½㣬Ǿɡ
ƶģŷ֪Լ϶ʲʲôģȻ˵Ҳ϶˵ŷɲô
ȵ΢ƽ˵㣬ͬΪŮԵĳɺѦʣЧȻҪԼһүǺõöġ
ţİɣǡ
ɺѦͷȻһźƶһֻС֣ߣͿʼϸİο
ŷ忴˼Ůһۣ㲻ٶ˵ҲûȥԶˣתԼķ
˸裬ԺϿһܵķ羰ͷ貵գŷתͷұߡ
ӰӺӰлŷһҲֱ壬ɺͨͨȴҲûĺƶ
ƶŷ忴ԼЩ˼һЦֻǣЦУôЩɬ
ûȹŷ𣬳ɾ̾һȴǴŭߣûһö
ŷʱ㶣Щؿ˳һۣȻٲµһ㣬úƶĺͷŭ飬϶Ǻ͡顯մߵģҪô飬Ҫôǰ顣
ȻӦþǺˡ
ҲûȥͳɼƽԼҲȥˣǺѦʹһɫ˵˵⵽ôһ¡
ѦµӣҲǺ¶һ˿ŭźƶڹŷǰͣƶȴȿˡ
˵ɡ
ƶ촽ӲǲԼȻŹŷ˵ŷ壬ܴܲӦңҪȥΪʲô
ŷȴһЦûȥӦ˵˵ɣôһ¡
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ƺڻʲôƶһ˫޹ʵ˫У¶һ˿ۣǰҵĸĸףҵĺöˣһкԷСʱǺǸСƶߡ
һˣú֣ܿҸҲǣÿ첻˵˵ЦЦȥûκһ㷳ա
˵ƶвֳһĨޣ˺üҧ㱯ǣҸȴ֮󣬱״ˣ
ŷ徲ţ֪Ҫˡ
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ǸʱҲûȥ룬ϾǸСʱЩСĦǹǣҲûʲôֵġ
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ʱҸĸ³Կǰĸ׵Сˣû뵽ǣ⹫ǱƹܵС磬Ҳʱ˶ֵĹʽ߸ΪϾԹ˲Ͼûʱǡ
Ҹ׵ϣ˵ҪóԷ磬û뵽ǣԷȴǲܲˣֱӿ֮£ҲֻӦս
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ǸʱôҪܣҪҲһ飬ڿҵЩһҸҲǳҿȥҺúõػţ֪죬ҵЩˣأضһҲˡ
ҲҸ״ʧȥҲŽΪҵ˱ԣҾ˳
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죬һ£ͰѵЩΧǺԷ磬Լ⹫ĽǸݻˣҵʱǶĲѣΪȷҵģҲܸмΪ˱ѩޡ
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֮ĳһ죬һҾַŭޱȵϢԭǺԷ磬Լ⹫Ǹͬʱ򣬾ȻȫĻĽԭ򣬾ȻֻΪҵһμʱܾõҵ壬Ǿ͡
ƶ˵ȥˣ˿̵Ѿȫ޳һˣ˫ΪʶҵزţˣѾ˵
ŷǵģףƶ֪һеǰ֮󣬻εķŭε
رǣ֪ԼϵģȻǲɱԼ˵Ļ֮˺ֺޣʹ˺ѷΡ
ƶ֪ǰ֮ߣûȥҡƴôصôǰʼձֵú֣ܿŷȴ֪Ϊų޵Ĵڣʱ̣ȥɱǸˡ
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֮ǰ֮Բ˵Ҫ¹ŷԼЩ󣬻ȥԼ˵ŷ岢ûദ̫ãȴ֪һùŷ֪һῴԼκί
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ŷȴЦˣ˳ǻҰֻأȻӴǶϾѹϵҿԲȥ顣
ŷĻһֱŹŷĳɣԭЩŶԽ飬ʱȻһЦͬٻţ޾ס
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ƶȻ˵ͷжޱȣһ뵽ʱԼ˵Ļһ뵽ΪԼ»Ұֻؾʹ˻ĻԼһӶԭԼ
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ŷһƶļеģԼµһЩֱӿڵʵ
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ԣӴ˶Ͼ飬ҰֻأҲȥ
Ǻǣߵˣ߰ɡ
ŷȴǺȻһЦؿĺƶ
ڹŷ仰˼ƶȻܹöҲȷԹŷʵҪԼȷǲ÷κʱԼĶȥˣֻܹԹԵش
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ŶҪã
ŷͲȥƶŭȣã֮ǰóֵ׼ˡ
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һ̾ȻչŷİԵɣƶʱļ䣬ů͸жġ
ƺԴӸĸ֮ôԼǵһα㱣ָоܺáܺá
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˵ƶеġȷǺǿҲЩǣҲûܺƶ¡
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֪ôԵѽ
һЦ̧ذСȥƶϲĺۼһ˫˵ĵ۴˹ŷһۣЦ
ƶҪҵҪã
ŷûȥԴĻǳʵ
ϾԷһǿ磬ŷ壬ҲòԴΪԱһǷǵ³
ŷҲˣʱԷʵ̫ǿǾǨƵ¹ȥɲɵ֪ͶԷȥӲӲⲻʲôϲϣȫɣɵ
ȵʵ׳֮ȥǴ˵
֮һ仰ӮˣԲºƶ鲻ܣ
ƶ˿ҲѾ֪¹ŷǹܶˣҲͲٶԣؿ˹ŷһۺͻشǲ֪ĸ磬ҪҵңҲô׵ġ
˶٣ƶͼ˵ҵ޷Ǿֻ취һƾǸǿ鱨ѰңȥרæѰңҲǷǳѶȵģҹƣҲҪʱ䣬пҵõҡ
ꣿ
ŷʱЦˣʱڱ˵ֻգۼԼԣȴѾ㹻ˡ
Ҫ֪ԼųΪԴ߲Ŷã
Ҳǲɣ˶ڵʵǰ֮ԼΪֻᵽֵزأ
㲻˵Լʲôزɣ˵ʱ䣬ҲԸıܶˣ˵Ұֻأܳɳʲôز˭Ҳ˵׼顣
ԣôõʱ󣬹ŷҲûôˡ
ˮڣôôʵڲоǨȥ¹磬֮ˡ
ˣȥϢɣǲõˡ
ŷڰ֣΢ЦŶŮ˵
ŷǳŵЦݣԭǵĵŮ֪ôͽƽ
ֻоŷֻҪ¶ŵЦûƽ˵һ㡣
Щǹŷǿ漣ĳɳЧɣ
ֻǹŷһֶʣ䣬Ӱ쵽˵


355 
ȻŷСԺ󣬵ǻôġ
˺úϢһڶ磬㶼ۼСԺĿ緹
ٿƶѾָƽʱģʱʱضŹŷ׳һۣ˵ǡ⡯ġ
ǸҩǼϡƷʲôʱģ
һԴһŷͶźƶЦʵ
ǸҩʮʼǼϡƷһǺҩͬһ죬ͬһط֮⣬ģһԺ󡣡
ƶش
ŷ΢΢ͷΣҪٱԴʯ㹻
ڣԼҩռЩԴҲˣȫˣҲֻǧ߲ʱԴʯѣԴϴξǳأŷԵЩˡ
ңŷҲЩԴȫԵɵļ۸ۣȲ˵Щضõϣ˵ôļ۸Ҳ̫ˡ
ҪЩķĻ۸ȻҪ࣬ǣȴҪһµ׼ʱܽʱϸ
ѵҪȥ۽Դʯ
ŷðôһ뷨ҡҡͷЩʦģԼȥҲԵ̫Тˣ̫ˡ
ҪԴʯԼȥ׬
ǣԼҪȥ׬ȡأǧ߲ʱԴʯǿɾԲһСĿ
ԼƷҩʦͺˡ
ǳˡ
ŷһգҲҲһΪǮƷա
ŷʻƶ˲촽Ȼ룬ͽػشϴǼƷеȵľǶǧٿ߲ʱԴʯεҩȴǰƷߵȵģҹƣӦǧ߲ʱԴʯҡ
۸ǺƶԤƲģԲ̫ࡣ
󣬺ƶͼϡƷļ۸ҲӦλԣҲҪ׼ǧ߲ʱԴʯŹ
ǧţ
ۣŷ岻ǰզ࣬ҩռЩȫˣټ֮ǰһǧٿţҲֻǧٿңٿţŷĲ֪ȥŪˡ
һᣬŷüʵƶǻҰֻأһж߲ʱԴʯ
ƶƹŻҰֻصĲƸ£ȻҪġ
ҰֻȻŸոսȴĸ磬ټϺƶЩľӪӦáӦò̫ٲŶԡ
㹻ĻǾֻȴӻҰֻŪǮˣȵǸҩ֮ԼͼӽʱҩʦȼһȵԼͻƵƷҩʦҲΪԴʯˡ
ȴ룬ƶԺȴǲɷһЦŲʮŶѣԴʯɲô׬ģ
ŷʱȻôĸвƲֻжʮ߲ʱԴʯ
⻹ôЩ죬ںƶľӪ˺ü֮ļ۸ɣ
ŷҲͻȻˣһıԴʯô׬Ļ˶ȥ˰
ôôĽߣֻɢأ
˵ô׬£ҲͲСĽˣֱӾͱƹˡ
ڹŷΪԴʯ֮ʣȻ˻Ұ½ϿڣǻǸɽڻбԴʯ
һĥŷֲòͷƫܳһʱԴʯѾǷǳ𺳺Ͳ˼ˣǸɽҲжٱԴʯڣ࣬Ҳֻ뵱һ߲ʱԴʯѡ
⻹ǹŷ˹ƵģϾǸ߲ʳռıԴʯܹҲֻһ弶Դļ۸ѡ
ԣǸɽıԴʯٶҲ಻Ķȥô߲ʱԴʯԣֻǱˮнˡ
Ǿ͵ʱ˵ɡ
˰죬ŷҲûʲôڶʱڻȡԴʯİ취ֻ̾˿˵
ƶŮȻҲ֪ŷ˿̵ķգȴͰﲻκæô߲ʱԴʯ治һСĿ
£¹磬Ҫü죬ܾۼôһǮơ
ļŷ嵹ҲûΪ¶̫ÿ춼ǰеĹţľȴҲ鿪֮£Լٶš
Ҫ˶ãŷǱ̬ԣľٴͻƼޡ
ܲҩϡƷŷҲȥˣûбԴʯզ죿ܲܳȥɣ
ŷȴһ뷨ҪȥĻô϶ѡǿϡƷΪ²⣬Լ޷ƿҩҪԭΪ̫ˡ
һϡƷĻָ϶ǻָ˶ٵģ˵ԼȫƿҩҲ˵
һԼƿҩҩҩǰͳͳǸˡ


356 Ҫ
ŷ⴦ľСԺӳɼŮ֮ҲէȻ
ȻǶԼĸۡһǽ½ģȴʹδȥ춼˹ŷȫȻѹŷСԺԼļһ㡣
Դˣŷ֮࣬ҲֻгĬˡ
ܲΪ˰˸ϳȥɣ˵ԷŮģеģŷҲ
ҲֵĺôȻôȴҲΪһЩ˯֮⣬Ůʱʱ̶̿Χڹŷߴߴ˵˵ҲǷ
ùŷоǣ˵ΧԼתƣȴٻԼ˵ǻһ죬ûԼͺȫԼһ㡣
⼸죬ҲüˣĿģ˶֪ɾΪ˺ƶ
ԴӺƶǰʹ֮ô׷ŵ£ʼնԳؿмӣУȴּдһ˿ǧ֮˼档
ŷɺѦ£ҲΨ̾ϢҪƶȥµһθ飬Լ߳һУɱǸˣǳѡ
ڳҲ׾ͻˣȻ׺ƶΪζԼܾȴû˷
ľͻĳӴƶ˵Ҫ鱨ľѣ˵ҪΪԼʲôװЩҲȷƶܼҹܣЩڣƶҲûκΰ취
죬ŷϣ˸֮󣬾߳˷䣬ÿɼŮԺﲻ֪ʲôʱʱضᷢһЦ
ŷ΢Ц˹ȥȻҲ˵һ֣âһǿðĽƯ˼롣
Ѿʿ⵽ʲôȼ㹻Ļͻ뵽ҩУܲ޸һҩ
޸ԼȫƿҩҲͲҪȥˣУҲֻȥȥһֱԴˡ
ŮЦ죬ŷ嵽ֻ΢΢˵ͷƫԴš
ŷһ֣ȻһɳǵĺϮȫ֮󣬼Ůֹס˻ͷã־ؿϮԴͷ֪׷ʲô¡
Ҫ֪ǵΪܸоһɺϮǾǾˣһԴͷȻһ֣ƯڰյеɫʱС죬ȴǲشſ
Ȼôһۣǿ϶ûϳΪģֻţ벻Լ˸оĶȻһ
ңǱһָ߲ŵģ֪ûֵ߲İǺ⵽׻жôˡ
ŮؿһŻع񣬲Լ̧ͬͷŷ壬ŷ壬⣬ʲôôֲ
ȷʵǳƵϡֲ֡
٣ɺͺƶδʲôȺġ
ЩƷϡƷĽʲôر֮ҲֻǼӲԣ΢΢ȵȷ棬ðĽ
һǺ˾˵Ľû˵
ģƺѾԶԶϡƷķˣǣߵȵϡƷ֮⣬ѵи߼Ľڲɣ
Ҳ֪Բóǡ
ŷһŮı飬֪ǿҲ֪ʲôȼʲôõˣֻε˵
Ǵʲôطõģ
ֲʵ
ֲֿĽû˵ŷǴƫģɲţֽǹŷƫҵġ
Ǵأ
ƺܹ֮Ҳֻȥôѣʱʱ̶̿ߣǲ֪ܲ
ѵ˵Ǹҩռģʦģ
Ҳֻͣź
Ѧ£Ҳ뷨
Ͼǵ֮һӵĽҲͲΪˡ
ˮ½Ĵһɽõġ
ŷʵ˵
ɶʱʹ˴ˮ½磿
ֽȻǹŷˮ½ҵģ
Ѿˮ½ôˣôҲûзֹôĽأ
ϵɻ󣬹ŷҲ͸ɴ˵˵ʱĳ˵ŷõԭΪŹһͷϬţԴޣϬţԴΪ˱ͰǸɽҵ󣬼ŮϵɫΪ
ŹԴޣҲûܶΡ
ϾΪԴֻ֣ҪԴ޲̫ˣҲǲȥġ
ǣôûȼأ
˵ҲŹϰͷʮױԴ˰ɣôûͷԴȥűأ
񣬵ȵ֪ԼʵЩԴܶܲӮûǸйȥű
ò˵ȷ
ңõ֡
Ҳ֪ʲô
ŷˡ
ȻŮǶһۣȻͻҡҡͷʾҲ֪
ŷͷ˵ɺͺƶǲ֪ĻѦ»֪֮ˣĸ׻רŹһģ֪Ǿĺ֪Ϊˡ
ǾԺ˵ɡ
ŷ׼սҩռȴ룬һҲһãѦ£ȻüͷæסҪջĹŷ塣
ȵȣ
Ѧ¼æһͲ˵Իչѩ׵Χۿ
ŷʱȤԭε飬Ҳ˲Ѧп֪
ʱҲʱû˰ҩ뷨ýֺͷ붼֪϶ҪϡƷΪ߼˼ĽûŪ֮ǰŷ᲻á
Ȼȷ޸ҩа֮󣬹ŷҲԥʹãҩĵƣ̣ҪʲôֻҪܹ޸ŷ嶼κۡ
¹ŷҲ˵ɺͺƶҲؿţ˭ûгԴ˼еѦ¡
ڿѦԽԽأ㲻˼飬пϲı󣬼˵Ҳɸ˷
Ѧ¶飬˲֪ԷǷҲıҲ˵
Ѧ£ʱѾȫ˲ˣǿѹס˷ܺͼæǿսһЩٴϸϸȷһ㡣
֮˷ܺͼѾȫԱѦ£صغһϵŴδľϲЦݣؿ˹ŷһۣ̾ŷ壬治֪ʲô־Ʒı㶼Ѱõ
˭óѦ¶ʼЩŷˡ
ŷȴǵһЦԼȻҲ͵òҩòĴˡ
ԣǺεȱԵ̫ϲ
ȻȻķǳ˵ģ˭ϲ
ŷ壬Ҫˡ
Ѧٴο˵


357 Ʒ
ţ⻰ô˵
Ѧ仰ŷ岻Цʵ
֪ǺöˣŷɲѦҲԼҪ޸ҩ˵Լˣŷ嵹Щˡ
ֹǹŷ壬ɺͺƶҲչ¶˼ȵĺ֮ɫΪ
ѦغһƺŬƽϢмȻ󻺻˵ղţҲûпʲôʲôõġ
ҲҪΪֶǬǿ߶ѽӴӵУҲֻżȻҸЦ̸һΣû̫˽⡭
˶ʱ͵һŷ嶼󾪣Ǭ߶ѽӴӵУ
ǣ⵽ʲôı
ŷ弸ʱҲѾܹ϶ϣ³˶֪ΪƷĽ֮⣬иӸ߼Ľڣ
Ȼޱȣ˶û˵۾ţ˵ı飬ȴ
ƺǿ˹ŷ룬Ѧµͷû˶֪ķƷƷƷƷƷϡƷԼƷ֮⣬һ޷֪ĸΪ߼ĽڣǱǵƷƷ
ֻֽģǵƷһƷƷƷģټּĽϡٵÿԳߴԼ֮ĸ߲֮⣬ˣ޴ӵ֪
ƷƷ
ŷû뵽Ʒ澹ȻּĽڣֻƷľȻֱƷϵҲΪһ˶ּ֪Ľˡ
룬Լҩô˵ҲӦƷɣƷҲкܴܵģ˵ҪָĻǬ߶ӵеĵƷ
뵽ŷʱ͸оһѹϮ
½㣬ŷʲôȼģǲǵƷģ
ùŷ忪ڣɾ̲סæʵ
˼ƷĵƷһרƷƷģ붼һ鼱
ҪóȥĻǣǵʲôǮ
ƷƷҿɾͲô˷ˣ
ѦȻЦǵƷƷƷּʮ֣ԵҸУͼⲻʮֵĽơ
ȻҲ֪ԲԣǶʮֽжϵĻֻƷĽϣֱΪ꺮
ֻƣðȿֲĽһ֣ҾͲö֪ˡ
ǣȴܿ϶һƷ
ѦԽ˵ԽǸˣ˫۽ضȻƯڼмðĽ˷ܵص
ѦµĻŷǲͬĵ˵ͷ֮ģޱȵĿϲˡ
ƷȻƷ
ԭŷ弸ΪǵƷģѾĺˣ벻ȻֱƷ
ҪǼԶܼᶨĻڶѾϲûȥˣŷ廹õ㣬˼ƽɺͺƶǸоԼԴЩġ
ô˵ҷأȻһƷ֪ҿ϶ǲģ
ǿѹм󣬹ŷ漴ʳԼɻ
Ѧ΢΢һЦȴ͸˵˷֮ɫ֪ǣȴֻ֪ҪƷͻаڣ

ŷ͵ɴ˫ۣŷ弱æʵЩԴʯһһ˼
ҲҲԣ¾ô˼ˣֻƷİȴڱԴʯĽһ
ǾԴʯ֮ڵıԴ֮ģ˵ԴʯǽġĸסһƷԭĿģ˵ǰƷġĸס
ѦΪĵΪ˽͵
ŷȻͷǶʱ͵һ˿ԵЦ⣬Ҳ˵бԴʯĵطһͻнƷĵطһа£
Ѧ¾ȻЦŵ˵ͷ϶˹ŷĻ
Ѧ¿϶صͷһԸоͷεĳɺͺƶֱִǺƶ̲סˣѿھʵ½㣬ǣǣʲôȼġ
ŷͳҲǽؿѦ£ȴƷĿȼ¾ԲƷɣ
϶ҪȵƷ¹Ҫ߼ģ
ѦѵõüͷϵЦԽŨƷҲ֪ǣҼǵҸ˵Ʒİ٣ҲƷϵģ
ңƷĿԻǼټ٣ֻЩŸոƷİпܣ󲿷֣ϡƷ
ѦµⷬʵǰѼòᣬ˶٣ȴ˵ȻƷҲпܣǼȴҪȳƷĸСϾҪּĿҪĻпܵġ
أŷ嶼ǼѵʿˮĿܣǣϡƷİ
ɺͺƶʱǸ˵ˣֻŴС죬һ仰˵ˡ
Ѧ´˿̵࣬ҲȻͨͨڼţ˵ϡƷɣ˵ƷģǣҲֵٱԴʯ
ƺҲֻߴ磬ŻżһƷϵĿɣϡƷĸǷǳ٣ּĿҪŻ֡
ȻҲǾԵģͱ磬Ұ½ƫ綼ʱԴʯ磬ˮ½ƶС綼Ʒ
ԣһнпܣȫƾ
ǻʲôߣ
Թŷľ˿ҲѾǵˣ˺üƽһ֮󣬾żŮ˻֣ȲҪȥǸطһ̽
ŷôһ͵еĳɺͺƶҲͻعæ˵ͷȹŷһգȹŷ嶼С
飬¹Ƿʧ̬ɡ
£Ҳ˲ȥï˵ˣʹҴҳŴ͹Ļ˹ȥ˴æֱӵڰ칫ïһΪʲô£׷׷˳ǲŸһ͹Ļʹһ󲨶ŮϢҲ֮ʧ
ïʲô£ǡ
ïڻҰֻɵĸۡϿգ̻һɵïʵ
漸Ҳһãؿï׵ʲô飬һȻĹŷæȥ
ï֪ҲͬһɵҡҡͷشҲ֪ûк˵
룬벻׷ʲô£ïֻаڰֶ˵ˣæȥɣڣʲôġ
̻ϼҲֻеͷӦﵹǵȷûʲôģйŷţһǳʲôµġ
ŷ嶼˵飬ǸȥҲ𲻵ʲôãǷ׷׻صԼĸλȥæԼȥˡ
ҰֻزŸոսǿûŷרĳɼǰڣÿ죬æһͷöġ
ȴҲǳæµȻⱲӶʲôΪô޼ʵУҲֻæµ㹻ʵ


358 мϬţ
ŷŮһ͵ˮ½磬ͣسɽ˹ȥ˵ͻȻ֣Ҳˮ½ĺЩһȡ
ˮ½磬Ԫڵνɼʮױ߳䵱ּԹҲɫ
ȻȻˮ½ĽҲʱ̴ĸ֮䶼໥ͨģˮ½ĻӻˣҲڵһʱ֪ġ
ԣˮ½ⶼһʱ䶼ûбԴзˣŷ弸˵ĵȻ·ͨںһȡ
ٿǴæȥӰΪʲô£Ϊĳռģ²˶æֵػصԼļУ⵽
ŷ壬㻹ǵǸط𣿡
;УɾתͷߵĹŷʵ
ǵá
ŷ΢΢ͷֻ΢΢üͷֻϴڳʱ򣬲ûзֻĴڰ
ŷ⻰Ůһ㶣Ǽ˷ܵ飬ҲΪŷ仰Լȥһ㡣
ǿŷĿµģʱϸѰһҲûзʲôڵĻôﵽûУ͵ǲ˵ˡ
ѦҲü󣬱Щȷ˵Ҳ˵ҲǶۼһطģЩҲǻֲڸǣֻҪƷǼĵĻôӦǻаڵġ
ŷص˵ͷҲȷˣ˵ϿȵǸʱԴʯǷֲ߲ʳԼɽϵ
м䣬Ǹ˺ܳһξģҲɡ
Σȥ˵ɣ
£ŷҲٶԣյļ䣬ŮǸɽ˹ȥ
ƾǵٶȣҲ˵ǼܵҲûʮӣѾɽıԵش
ڹŷǿֲ֮£ﷶΧڵϢ޷ĸӦȻŷһЦ벻ͷϬţ
ҲΪԼҵõѦܿ϶ƷĽġ
ǣŷŮЦ£ҷͷϬţϢһҲΪİô˵ҲҪȥллġ
ŷϸ˵֮󣬳ŮȻ֪Ϭţģ⻰ɶǵ˵ͷͬ
ţǲҪͷϬţӵӻȥˣҪŷҲܻȼĽ
ͷϬţѾʮĩڱΪˣӦҲڵԼµҩİ£ŵôͻƵİɡ
ŷһ߷ɣһš
һᣬ˾ϬţλõϿգΪȻ޷ּ˵ĵġ
ŷҲ֪ȥɴͷųԼϢȻӦ˯ͷ˹ŷĵæͷɵϣЩЩмؿŹŷ壬ΪλͻȻ
ȻҲΪŷɱģԿվڹŷߵͬǱԴΪǿߣҲô¡
𡭡
ͷϬţͺ˼Ǻ͹ŷк
ŷЦдŸмֱЦ˵ллˣѰҵǿǳ󣡡
ȻöŷĻģŷ˵ҲԵúǸˣǵͺȻ޷˵˻ŷȴǳԵп˶Լµҩĸл
ҪллģЩҩ͸ġ
ŷ˵ţһ֣һǧƿƷߵȵҩ;ڹŷĿ£ǳȵطɵ˸ղϬţλϣȻ˵ϡ
𣡡
Ϭţһعŷóôҩʱͺ˺öȻ¹ŷЩҩоܲ˼ǣȴʵ޷ܾ
ֻĺУʾԼĸм˷ܡ
ˣԺͺɣԺҪҩˣʲôΣˣȥˮ³ĹµģһԸȥǻġ
ŷ漴ЦŰ˰֣ûҪӻȥ뷨ϾһͷԴޣҰ⣬Ĺ֮ء
𡭡
ϬţΪԵص˵޴ͷ­һ˫ͭһСо޾ĸм˵˻˵¾һѵĸлĻĳˡ
𣡡
ڹŷҪȥ֮ʣͷϬţȴǵͺŷŮҲͲɻͣؿ
𡭡
ͣ£Ϭţֵͺ˼г˶ӵôҩԼŷǾŵ˷֮⣬Դһ˿
Ů˼ŷȴˡ
뵱ϬţԼȥǸɽʱִżе


359 Ѱ
գգۣѵϬţ֪ʲôöɣ
룬ǻۣӦǲԼǰͼֻ֪ǸڣҪԼǰȥ
ʵŷҲܲҵǸûףϾϴԼ̽һģûзпĴڡ
֪Ǹ
뵽ŷֹסʵ
ϬţȻ֪ŷ˵ĿʲôȴҲµæ͵˵˶ͷ­ʾ֪
£Щ˹ĳŮҲǲΪϲǿ֪ŷǿ̶ȵģϴûҵҲܹҵ
ͷϬţͷǶʱ˷һһЦնˡ
𡭡
ϵ˷ܣϬţȷεĿˣ·ǳɴһڴԴͺһʾŷ弸˸ţȻԼǳǸɽķ˹ȥ
ŷȻϣΪҪϬţ·ĻرǺƶ޲ϬţˣҪǣϬţǸڱѸޱȵٶȣ۵ףʵÿ
Ůļȣŷ嵹ҪԵó˺ܶ࣬˵ͷҲǺһ˷ܣȴҲûôʧ̬
ȻȷôһڣôϵϵҵôһᣬûǸҪ
һ޾зţȻżһЩʮ׵ԴޣΪϬţĵΪԼַܵҪ߻ɱϬţģһ𣬾÷˾ȻĸϢӦڣʱŵŲ̶ֻӣ˿
ȻֻһЩСˣһʱķкһǸɽ
ϬţȴǲûаѹŷǸɽôִıǿᣬֿ˿ܵĵΣȷʲô֮󣬱Χɽһ䣬Ѽɽıȥ
žǸɽԽԽԶŷҲԽԽˡ
ҺϬţţȻǸɽмԶľ룬Լ治þͻҵ
ֲľ룬Ҳ̫Զ˰ɣ
ŷ壬ϴҵλãǸոǸɽɣ
ʱ򣬾Ѧ¶ЩôԶľ룬ֻֿܡ
ҪôķɢǳȻҲкܶࡣ
Ҫô뵽ɽ棬ͷϬţʱǴԼȥԿɽԵȽڵĿλã
ǰߵĻûʲôΪжôϡ٣ȫڳĻҲԻһۡ
ǺߵĻǾЩˣΪֻǿɽӴޱȵ֪ҪǿĴ󲿷ֲֶɽĻҪڳһ󹤳̣ԱԴڣҲһʱڵġ
һôǾǺ߲֪̺жĽѦµľһԽŪĿôԽǶ࣬ԽǸߣ
˼˴ѦµͷǺһ˷ܣƺôЩûнһĶࡣ
ƶӲŮˣϵļͿϲûͣ¹Ҳ֪Ц᲻ͶЦˡ
Ϭţǰţʱͣſϴδŷɽʱֵһ
ֱӵһڿת˵һСʱңŮ飬ҲԽ
ɺѦ»õ㣬ôʱӦҲƽ˲٣ƶȴǼһ˫ӵת޲ȥѰˡ
ȻŷȻͣסΣ۾ɿǰɽ壬һֱſƺǸӦĳЩͬѰĲ
˵ӦǱΪµ¶ȡ
ôôˣŷ㷢ʲô
ŷȻͣ£ŮҲͣƶǳסæѯʵ
Уڴɫ
ŷһЦԴ˵ص룬ҷǸڣ
ŹŷƶĻողƽȥĳɺѦ£Ǻһ󼤶æǰͷϬţֻƺҲʲôٶէȻӿ˲٣ȻͣԶɽ£һ˷ܵصͺ
ﻹ̵סƶŮٶȷǱߣŷ忴˿Ϭţλã΢΢ЦЦԼһԵԼı̬֮
ǸطװôԶظӦǴ¶Ĳͬʵǿֲý
Ҫ֪ǻܹӦ¶Ȳͬľ룬Ҳǲ׵ģԼӦ룬ƺһγһ㡣
ٶ룬ŷҲ߶Σ˹ȥ
ʮ֮⻹ã¶ȲûʲôԵĽͣһӽɽʮڵķΧ¶Ծͱĵʮϣ
Խǽӽ¶ҲԽĵͣȵվɽ弸׵ʱ¶ȸʮˡ
Ȼʮȵ¶ȣȻ޷Լʲôвģ˴ʱ飬޲˷쳣
һжѾȷǴڵģ


360 һڿ
𡭡
ǿϲݣϬţ֪Լǲ¶ˣͭУҲǲ¶ΪԻĸ֮ɫ
ɣܹ⼸λԼд࣬оο٣ԼҲЩҩԼĳŵ
ŷ壬졣Ӧһ£жж
æסѾó˷ܾ׼ڵĺƶѦ±ŷʵ
ѦţƶԭЩȵͷԵҲ˲٣ȴûκΣ˵ֻҪܹŪĽȥͣʯͷҪŪ
Ѧʵʱ򣬹ŷѾſȥӦˣֻӦһ֮󣬹ŷȴֹסӢĽü
ôˣû𣿡
ŷüƶ붼û룬ʹʧɫؿʵ
ƶ⻰һЦֻҲûȥشĻ󣬾͵ŷ壬ɽ𣿡
ѦҲͬ뷨Ҳ΢üͷҪ˵ĻǿɾЩˡ
ֻԼЩˣﵱڿ󹤣п⼸ڵǸڡ
Ͼɽ壬ʵ̫̫ˡ
ȴŷԺҡҡͷԴЦصûɽ棡
ֻɽĻŷ廹ڻ¶Цƾ޴Ȼ˫ɽǻµĹٿһ飿
࣬ҲֻҪĹ򣬾ܵɽˡ
ɽ棿
ŷ⻰ͰѳɺѦŪԻˣɽ棬
ѵƶԣɽ沢ûпĴڣ
⺮զأ
Ůͷ˼⣬Ҳû˵ŷν͵ġ
ŷһЦҲ˵ɽλãֻǴɽĵص߰ɣ
⻰ŮʱһλҲͰˣڵ£߰ɴ
ǣǿ߰ɰɲǼףǼٳߣ
һ㣬߰ɣǿɵǧٶװ
ҪڵĻڵʲôʱȥ
ҪǣҪڳҲҪ֧ſڵͨȻһʱ䣬¾ǱԴߣҲòзϣ
ڼŮͼƵʱ򣬹ŷ巴Դ˷ܵһЦǴȻʱ޷ȷǣзǳһ飡
ŮԣŮƵ˲ʧת޾Ŀϲŷ˵٣Ǿ;Բ٣Ȼˣһ㣬һ㣬ҲͲˣ
ھͿʼڣ
ƶȲ˵˫۴ŹâһԵģ
ţʼɣҲҪïˣҲڣɡ
ͨ˶಻ٶȾͻ죬ԳŮٶȣ϶ǱȲԼģңҲҪʲôֻͨҪһͨĴСˡ
룬ŷԺƶԸȥǧֽȻٷԸȥ׸߶ȵļӲľͨ
˵ӵ˵ҩռ䣬ȴȫޱȵҩģڳʯֱܲӸЩҩɣ
ֱǧֽװǣֽ۵úܡ
ŶŶãھȥ
ƶӦһҲ֪ͨùŷˣ˵ʵǿضҪԼ˿ܶ࣬˵˼ͷǻһһƬ
˵꣬ƶһҲͣɿˮ³Ƿ˹ȥ
ˣȿʼˡ
Լҩռʮյֽ䣬֧ŵƶˣԹŷҲٶȣߣӣһֳ˫׼ˡ
ɺѦ£ʱҲֻվһԸɵۣҲûµȵľͷˣǾͿ԰ľͷ֧ͨ飬Ȼٳˡ
ʵ£ȫЩǰô˵ҲǱߣ֧ľͷ黹ûκѵġ
ǣ̫ˣͶܻƷϵģһ͸¶һȥ˵ʲô¹ˣ¾Щߴ磬ǰˡ
رŷ˵ǸԲ̫СǼֵ˭Ķġ
ԣھ޴ջǰʲôԴСʲôǿ磬Щʹ˵У㲻ʲô
ˣΪϢ͸¶ȥ֣֮λŮԣҲֻԼִֻˡ
˵ŮԣʿɲǸǵģ˵СˣȥκѶȣ
ͷϬţʱҲû뿪ȤؿŹŷ޸ڶ
Щûж⣬Զ޾ʵĵý⿴Щǿڶأ⵹ҲȷһȤˡ
ȣ
ŷȻͺһ˫ֽ˫ҲҪȥʲôֱԴʱֻߣӵ˫ϵļ˲͹Ҳб𣬵Եһĸо
أ
죬ֻɰĴ䣬ȻҳȥһףףΪ׵Ĵ󶴾¶˳⻹ǹŷԴģҪԱԴ֮ĻµôϺüʮ
ɼĹŷ壬ʵÿ̶ֲֳȡ
ѦµûʲôһߵϬţֱ͵һӣǸ޴ȱڣвֳһ˿־֮⡣
Ҫ֪ǻȫȫһҲֻЧǿ࣬ȴǹƾѾԼԿˡ
֮ΪԼĺҲѣԼĲǺƢĹŷ壬һѪıԴߵĻԼѾͬصʯһ㣬ĩˣ
ٿŷǱߣȱ֮󣬹ŷ˿ͣ٣ٴ˫һȥʱٴһ
ʱЩʯҲͨŹŷһҲûӣǱصʯȫ뵽ڹŷ£ƯԺǸֽ䵱С
󣬹ŷҲʽʼھ;ҲͲϢô˿ƣ۵ƾӦķһֱ˽ȥ
ôͨ˵ʲô±Դ֮Ĺ⣬ΪıԴָ֮ٶȣһսУܵƽĵģο̶ֳȵġ
ֻΪ˲ͨӴѣϾ˱Դ֮еĻȻھٶֻһӿ죬Ǹ߶ҲȻӸһңҲûǸҪˡ
ڵĻ˵ڳ϶࣬Ǽʱ䣬ҲͲþͻ١
ܴܲδζģ˲似ڰɣ
˵ɽ嵽ܲܵˣ˵ǰģŷȻҲǳе
ԣƾ贿ھ򣬲ٶȲңԡ壡
ء
ֻϴһը죬ŷӰȴѾʧǰ
ֻСʱңͨѾ˺üףٶȥĻҪ˼죬ڵǸˡ
٣Ҳʽǰڵ
ԼǿƷԺ󣬹ŷ廹᲻ȥμǸǾҪԼľˡ


361 ǵãʹ
СһƶʹԶҴҸ
ڵʲô̶ˣ
ƶһȿڵľôһ䣬ɼжôġ
Ȼ󲻵Ѧºͳɻشһ˫ӾתǸѾǺһƬ׵ĶѨڣ治ϴġء毺õϾ͸ֳһ˿ϲ⡣
ٶȥ߰ɵȣҲԲᳬȫͨʱ򣬾һʲôʲôСˡ
˼˴ƶоͲֳһ˿Ρ
ƶֽͽɣûˣ
Ӧ˺ƶĵڵڿ󹤵Ĺŷ壬һŬţһߴ
ҲΪСͨصֹƶӦһȻͼæС˹ȥʮֵڡ
վڶµĳɺѦ¼ƶӣĵ׶һЦȴĬȻ
ΪǶ֪ǺƶӲ㣬ֻǱ˵ĹԼִĳޡ
ʱһӰȴٴδԶɺѦ²˼ȥȴ档
˶ûоȣ֪ӦľͷģǹŷūͣϢȻҲ֪
Ȼٽǰɻؿ˿һԵϬţֿ˿ˣȻв⣬Ҳûʣеֽ䣬ŶŮɽ㣬½㣬ľͷġ
ţóɣ
Ҳûȥʲô͵ͷЦ
ʱѾİٶңٲŪľͷ֧ţͨȥ
Ҳ˵һС֣һһٸñֱ׳ԲľͶѻ˵ϣ˿ľͷĲʣŮ⣬һַǳӲľ׷һԿ֧ŵס󶴡
ٶ˵Ůһ˱һ˻Ҫһصľͷȥ˵ľͷǻߣҲҪ֣ƾǵͨһʮصĶˣ࣬Ҳֻǲñѡ
ҰֻصλԪϼȻһ˱һľͷ˴ֺ񣬿һԵһһ㶵ģٿǸ󶴣Լ治ϴġءƺЩʲôɫҲǲһ˿˷ܡ
ҲվԭعţҲһľͷǸȥںƶѽָ˹ŷ֮Ҳ˽ǣĸεֿŮӣ㿪ʼĴֻ

ء
һ죬ȴѾ΢ţʱѾ賿ˡ
һҹͣЪھֱǱŷظɳһԽǧ׵ͨĸŮҲûţͬһ̲ͣذľͷͣŮȴûκԹԣɵǲֺ
;Ҳֻȥһˣֱ˺üǧľͷˮ½籾㹻࣬㰲Ÿʮ˽׾Ž׵ı߿ľȫߵľͷˡ
ŷ壬Ϣһɣ
ʱɷúһľͷ֮󣬲һȻľͷأػˣҲЩˡ
ŷѾȥ£¶ǽ˶ƺǳ˱΢΢һ죬ֿϸܵĺӣͲ۵˵
ŷͷ¶һЦȴ˵û£ȥϢɡ
㿴㶼ˣϢһҲôѽ
ɷ־óԼڹŷ΢ЩȻУɻΪزȥ˶ͷܲĺ飬۵Ȱ
űǼͬɰĵ㣬оŶͷĲãųǹжۣһԴߺ飬ŷȻһ˫۲ʼЩãȻ
ʱٵͣҲо˳ǲصŨŨ⣬ͷҲȷůֻǡ
һһֱ̾̾ԺеӰէȻ֡
ʱǰľ绪ʶɵ崿ɰˮˡ
ΪԼһʱľϹʮ겻벻飬ԼͱԼʱѩ赸ŨŨᡭ
ЩͬˮһĻĻڹŷԺ֮лãȻ͵ɫ˲ָĵ׸ոΪէʱҲʱɢһգеģֻǶһУȴԼȥӵ顣
һЦŷ岻¶ۼ˳ΪԼúˮС֣΢ЦԼС
ȻֽӹȻͣڰ֮еСеԼ
㶵ؿŹŷԭ˫ͻȻͻָƽǴܾĶͻͬһأһһشࡣ
ذС֣ʱȻͣڸŷǸϣɫ͵ؿһУԭɬһ԰ײоԼıӺᣬۿҲˮڴתȴǽҧѾûһѪɫԸ촽΢ͷʹ˿ʱı顣
ջڿеС֣֪ΪΣȴһ΢ŷݺҧҧͱԴȥȻȻģ
Բ𡭡
ŷֻĬ
˶ĬȻŷожһѹ֣ѹ֮ϣ˷·
ллҲˣȥϢɣһᡣ
ŷæЦſڴѹգЦŰѾԼĺˮʪŵͷĳɵ˹ȥȻЦ
Ҳ˵ɵͷĬĬؽӹ˹ŷȻʲôҲû˵ôתȥ
ֻ£һȻ¼ŵıӰ
ŷ죬סΪǵһμģĻʲô£һ룬Լס֮˵ʲôأ
ֻĵ׳һ̾̾Բֻ飬Ϊңһ󡣡
һԶӰʧ֮󣬹ŷ͵һѹֵķƣȻٴ˫شһþȫǰʯȥ
ɻһƬڵͨԺ֮лصͻȻĿ;ܾһƬհ׺Ͳ
ôҲû뵽Ȼ˾飬ӣ˵˾
ڰͨУ˿Ƴ˿̾ģֻоԼ࣬һǰδеʹ
һξӨˮΣȻ֮ϵ䣬Ȼ֡žડһǼӲĵϣһĿȻܺڰޱȣһſϸСġ顯ȴΪۡ
ԭһ߳ŵӣһ߻ʲôѦŮͻȻͿ˻߳ĳɣ׼ЦŽһԵʱȴͻȻƺܲͷŮϱĿɫҲתΪɻԼ
ɣôˣ
ѦæеʳƶŮæӭȥųɵֱۣͲضŵͷĳʵ
ղŲǿĵȥйŷϢȻһͬԵ㶫ӵ
ôôһӣ
ԵѦŮܴӳϸоǹɳǵĺǸǽ͵
ȴ·ûѦŮʻһ㣬ĿͣնעŽµĵ棬ԺŷദһĻĻ
һʱ˿ĸоԼղ־Ŀ
ѦŮԽԽоԾˣŮ˵ֱǣɻͻȻӣһŷйأڵʲôҲ
ڳŹŷ£ΪŮԣӳƽʱԹŷһһһһеУȻǿ÷ǳġ
ֻǣոϲϲĽȥ󣬵׷ʲôأ
ôһֱûʲôǳͷյĳɵ;ģ
׼ٴοѯ֮ʣȻǿȻ˹ŷһȣǡ¡һ죬ƺɽ壬Ⱥ;Щ΢΢
ѹֺʹһ˵壬оеıȣѦŮʼЩʲôɶһ̾ڹŷ廹һڻҰ飬Ȼ֪
ǣȴԭĳɣƺҪͷųʲôıȺһ˫ն˫Уȴ͵رһĪɣǴı飬ҲȻͬһŵõЦǹģʹôʱޱȵĽ޶ˡ
΢΢ͷ˿ǺᣬһͷĿƺ˹ŷʱŭųž޸ұڷйʲôӣоĪһɣ˲ͻָյɡ
ѽҶӶȥԵģ
ָӵĳɾæȻѦ¼ŮŶķŵĵһɾʯȥ
ѦºƶŮͻȻתһһ㶵ģǰķҲδ̫һ㣡
ȲţǺľӣڣȴɸĸԶˣﻹȲһն
ŮŮԵֱͷҲǳ鷺ǰ˼֮£ԶԼµЩʲôһЦȻһϲظڳȥ

ŷ·ûƣһ㣬һһΣþȫ˫־޸ǰ赲ûκα顣
ǣϤŷϸ֮£ᷢͬԨ˫˸һ޵ãȻ
ǰһ𣬻ʲôԼһЩܾٶҲʲôԵĵط
Ϊʱóɵ˼ڣһÿɬΪԼȥգÿΪԼĨÿβԼȥһЦݵģʱһ룬ǰģԼȷϵ֮ξĶ¶ı
ƣԼȴûз㷢ĻҲнˡ
ǣҲûзʲôصĴӦþóɷⱾǴİԼҲȷˣǣΪʲôԼĻãȻ
ңƺΪλһѹʹ
ŷ벻ףΪԼǰ˳ɣΪǳ϶Լֻһ˵ӰûŮ˵ĴڣҲҲװκŮˡ
ǣȻˣǴӺζأ
ŷ岻ãȻ
رǣڸղųɵͻȻȥתһִδϳֹľԼģͷ·ĳֻƺݺݵסȴû飬Ҳûгߣô߬ס
оǳѹ֣ңۡ
ŷľǻѾǿޱȣƬãȻ֮˫ɲǱָ
أĻָҲûκһ˿ãȻ
ΣԼŮˣɣ˵߽ԼҲٽԼ࣬ȴʼջû߽ԼģԼĸоҲֻں֪˶ѡ
ˣǾɱܱԼܵ˺
˭ܵ˺ԼԶԭԼ
ȻˣԺԼɾҪעһˣóʱĶ¶ʱ¶ı顣
ԴˣҲݴİȻ𽥷ſְɡ
٣ŷˡ
һͨˣǹɷ·һֱֺݺ߬סĸоȴûʧΪңԣŷٴ͵о޸һɴδйķйʹǰȥ
ء
һը첻ڶɽҲһ󶶶Źŷһδεй
ŷȴǲ֪㷢йŮµֱУȴܹεĺ塣
Ҳ˵ˣŷ壬ֻѳɵѿ
ûжŮ֮ĸ飬٣Ҳôһ˿˿ġ
ɵãϵЦݣ޶ˣ˫


362 ڵĳ
һҹҴҶڶʮ㣬Ǹͨ棬Ȼը촫
ŷһֱûϢʼþȫǰ赲
ԭޱϣҲôЩСʱȫйڻظĵȻ΢΢ĵЦҲѾǡ
ã֮ľƺ˲СȻҲû̫ԣĩڵľҲ̫ңԶˡ
ڽʱ䣬ȵؽ뵽ĩľ
ٿϣѾǲ˴Ŵŵĺ飬ǽ˶ȵļ֮ķ϶֮ǰţͬһϸСϪ
˵ڱԴʺǿ󣬿ҲⲻסǿȵģʱĹŷ壬ǻɬȴɽҧأϵھš
ʱҪٷйʲôôõķйѾָƽ˿ֻǴΪǿʶѡ
ǣôãҲˣһ֮󣬹ŷͣ˶˫ε˫ֹعҴϢš
һѾҪɿݵĿˮŷǿ֧Ȼһ֣һú«ɵưͳУ澡Ǹɾ峺Ȫˮ
ٴ˿ڿˮŷæ«ưͺִһȪˮʹùŷȵøֹͣһư꣬һưֱư󣬲ڽ˿ʡ
֮󣬹ŷˬغһоָ˲ֱ̧첲һĨӦһ½ȣ־ǸطѾԶɾص˵ͷ
ʮ㣬ȳԵ㶫ӣȻϢһᣬʱӦǿڵǸġ
ǲٶ룬һջ˫֮󣬱תȥ
⣬ŮȻһֱ죬ĿȴʼؿĿڣУЩġ
ôʱˣŷȴڲͣȫھţϵıԴ߻ãǸʣû˵ǿȣȻǺѹ
ǣŷǿǿȴֻжڶѣôǿȵģ᲻ġ
ҪȥнУ
ѦǵǵؿͶѨڣһᣬ㿴Ů˵
ǿһᣬͻһЩľͷȥ֧ţÿȥһΣ˳֮⣬ҲйŷϢɹŷȴÿζҡҡͷȻھ
ɣǼ֮󣬵ҲûٽȥˣǳĲŲȥŷѹֵŭ֮͵õ˴𰸣Ȼǲȥʲô
ȴùŷ忴ԼܣҲ͸ɴ͵һֱе档
ǲ˰ɣǽҲ
ƶһ󣬱˵
治ͷ˵ŷദ˲źܶһʱѣǶڹŷԸȴҲ֪һЩġ
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Ȼϲһ棬һ棬ҲֻԼ֪ˡ
ÿһ˺ʱϣᵴԵЦ⡣
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ڴһЦŮҲɢ˽ΧסӣȻɾЦָ鼫ƷֽҪڶʮԼ붥鱦


364 Ʒ£
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ҲҪѰλãֱӾڱǣΣֻڸѨȫʹñԴ֮ھԣСʱѣȫ㶨ˡ


365 ޸
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ֻǣһԴһ֡
ȻҪԴٶ࣬ҲһĲʱԴʯļֵڱ˵ǳҪԴԱԴ˵ȴ۵òˡ
ѾŷҲ㲻׼ỹмʱ䣬⼸죬ÿ԰ҩһ
ŷ׼ȻǸ뾭޸ҩܹԼȫȨƿأֻҲ˵ãһȻ޷ƿصĻôֻȥμǼҩˡ
˳żŮŷֱ˵ʵôںϽģ
ȻһЦ˵ֻҪѷȻѽڷԱߣһˡ
˶٣ɱֻյʱҪܳһʱ䣬߶Դ֮ĻǿԼٴġ
ŷ岻ɴǾȣôԣ
Ȼͼ鱦Ҳͨ飡
ŷͷʵյĻһҪ೤ʱ䣿
ʣŷȴ֪¾Բһ¡
Ȼɾ͵ҪշԼȼֵģȼԽߵķȻյٶҲԽ죬ȼԽߵĽҲա
һ˵ҩǼƷҲҪʱȫƷֻҪһ±ˡ
һһΪŷ͵
Źŷɫ֪Ҫʲôɱ˵ñԴ֮ȫٴĻƷģҲֻҪʱ䣬ƷģȻҪһ¡
ȷ
ŷ岻Ц
ȻͲɺ˺죬Ӧİɣҩҩǰô˵ҲһмɡֻҪƷôӦñٶˡ
ŷ庬Цͷ֪ҲܻῴҩʲôҲٶʣǺãҾȥˣǰæŵ㡣
ţİɡ
ŮæͷȻ̻ǲïٴһᣬҲضҪȥģ񣬾䵽ˡ
£ŷҲûȥطֱȥ⼸죬ʹǡ
һ·ߵ󶴵棬˿ŷһ֣һŸɾԴëƤ̾ɰ֮ϣ֮ȥһͼҩ
ñԴ֮ٴҲ϶ǲܱŵģطá
ҩ֮󣬹ŷóһƷճԣҩյָʱȴ룬ҩȴֱһ߲ʹâ֮ϣ󣬹ŷеʧ


366 θ
һĻŷͷǴΪ𾪣Լûָأҩ
Ҳ̫ͨ˰ɣ
ŷ岻ɰզࡣ
Ǳҩսȥˣŷȴ֪Ⲣҩֻľųʣա
ǣһڵıԴ֮ԴԴϵؿʼҩ֮룬ȻֻƯǰҩڹŷע󣬾ʼת󣬶֮ϣۿɼĳ̶ȣֳһ˿ɫĲŷ֪Ӧþҩľųˡ
ֻǡ
ôٶȻ˿죿
ŷβϤҲܲµ水ճԣҪϵĻųʵٶȣǲôģ
ɸղֻǰмжϵģҲ˵ԼҩҲǸ߼
ǶҲ˵һ£
ȻԲܻյ٣
˼˴˵ǰһǻ²⣬˽⵽ҩʲô󣬹ŷҲֹסͷһ𵴡
Ҫ֪޸ɲǴ޸ҪĽҲþͻȴ٣ǣǸ߼ǶĵǣҲ͵˵ŷҲֻҪͿӵһ߼ˣʲôһҪٶУȫͲҪ
ŷ壬ĵľʱ⣬Ҫҩ޸ҲҪǰҪʱĻǰԼĽٶȥôԼ˾ŽʮױԴߵʱҩֻǸոսУǸûн룡
ԼٶȣŷǷǳŵġ
ŷЦЦƽͷܣ߶Դ֮ʼٴ
ȻҩҲǸ߼ôյٶȣȻҲӿģԭʱпȫģڿӦֻҪһ첻ˡ
ŷȴԶԶ͹ٶȣҲĿɿڴ£ֻǶ֮ϵɫʾôһһðֻСʱѣѾȫ깤
ŷ˺һȴҲȻ˹ûʱȥҩ޸˶٣Ϊûƿҩ֮ǰ޷֪ҩ޸ġ
ԣŷֱǲ鿴ܲƿҩȴЩźҩȻûʲôӦ
Цһҩθںܴ󰡣һͷСƷȥȻǰһģһȫûκα仯
ΣһںϣŷҲܿ϶ҩǿ޸ģǣɴóһϡƷ׼޸ӴܲʲôӦ
ϡƷһͳ֮ǰǿһҩƺ֪Լ룬߲֮ʹâǿǱҩ˶ڣʼں
Դ֮ԴԴϵҩעţϡƷ˵ֻǱƷһЧȴʵƷɱȵġ
ⶼһСʱˣҩ֮ϲֳһ㱡ɫٶȵĻҲãʮСʱҲȫ㶨
ʱţأŷȻЩԤƴΪֻ˸СʱѣһϡƷ͸ҩ
ˣùŷȻЩǣҩûκηӦܿƣȴҲֻǰǰ㣬ֻܿҩռ䣬Լջء
ûа취ŷֻóһϡƷ
üƷΪģΪֻмʱ䣬ʱϿ϶ǲģ鷳鷳һ㣬ЧҲ϶ǲ˼࣬Ϊܸʼ֮ǰܲܳƿҩҲֻϡƷˡ
ŷϣܹƿҩģҩһҩǸơ
뷨Ǻõģʵǲпġ
־ںϣ֮ҲϡƷҩȴʼû˿Ӧ󣬹ŷǱҩĴθڸˡ
ҪķǵŹҲһٿϡƷŰɣ
ŷ嵹ĴģϾֻҪܹ޸ҩǰڵȫ꣬ŷҲκۡ
ûǸʱȥհԼųƿҩҩʦȼȥأڿֻȥǼҩˡ
μƵ̾˿ԼСⷨĳԽرҩּģҲ֪һСļƷҩָ߼ģ
һ
ŷʣҲףΪЩԴߵУôôߵķֻôȼˡ
һᣬŷҲֻջرԴ֮׼ջҩ뿪ģȻҩһ΢ĸӦȴ˹ŷע⡣
ﻹȥ룬ŷͷſ˾ѭǵ΢ĸӦҩ̽˹ȥ
ûгʲô⣬ŷľ׵ؾͽӴǵ΢ӦէһӴŷϣʱֳΪ顣
Ҿ˵ҩǶҲܻôϡƷ󣬻ûκηӦ
ŷ岻ɹЦΪ֣ǵ΢ĸӦܹƿҩĹؼڣ
ȻӦ΢΢ķӦǲܹȫƿҩģֻаҩָӦȫȻ󳹵Լľںһ󣬱ȫƿҩ֮ʱˣ
ֻǡ
ŸӦ΢С̶ȣŷƿ»ҪһٶϡƷʮ鼫ƷƿأϾӦҲ̫΢ˣ֮Լľ֮ҲֻǶҩôһƿˣԱȫƿأвٵľ롣
ܺùûУ٣ŷʱѾܹ϶ҩǿ޸;бԼƿصģ֣ùŷ˷
һ󣬹ŷ֮뵽һ⡭
ҩȷгƿصĿˣǣҲһٶϡƷʮ鼫ƷҪյĻ˵Ҳһȥˣôãҩùŷ
ţƿҩ֮ҲȫҩˣǣΪµʱ䣬һֵüǧ߲ʱԴʯҩ
ⲻò˵̫ݳ˵㡣
һ룬ʱ˱ǣ໨ѣҲ˶٣ԹŷҲ;죬ȥҩˡ
ʲôϡƷŷȫûȤˣǮȥ
ⴿԱ˳ŵģ
ǵ΢ĸӦԼľǡ֮󣬹ŷҲͲٴ˵ضջҩһ㳯˹ȥ
ŷ壬޸ˣ
ԭĵƶĳɣһŷ建߳Ľ˶Ӱһ˫ĿͲһԭĵ飬ҲʱЦ˿Ư
ûУҩθڿ治һĴ󡣡
ɵĻŷͲɵÿЦһڣǷǳģԼ󣬵׻ܲܰҩ޸ԭĵȼˣ
Ҫ֪ҩһ뵽֮󣬱ǵͼʱ򣬶ٵóԼƷãһ뵽мϼǿǵóԵƷˣ
ͶǵƷ
ŷб̾


367 ߣ
Ȼôŷ˵ġθڡжô󣬵ֻһǿٶмһŷɫŮĻ֪
ǻǵһοŷ㬵ıģľЦһ洽ԳЦʱٻΪ֮ʧɫ
ŷһЦ̧ͷۻӺ꣬ɵȻʦͶżŮЦʵʲô̶ˣ
ģûģѾ˵ģսֽ䵱УԹŷ岢֪ʲôȡ
ѾӽһˣԤһڣȫ깤
ƶʳָ֮ϴŵֽ䣬Ц˵
ŻҰֻصԴͲƸЩȻҲ㣬ˡ
ŷ΢΢ͷУǾóһȻ׼ȥˡ
ҩ޷ƿ𣿡
ɾЩˡ
ղŷ˵ҩθڡܴΪֻû޸ڿȻˡ
ֻ΢һ˿Ӧѡ
ŷʵ˵
ں˶
һƷģϡƷġ
ŷĻŮʱһɲѵǸ߼
ҿӦǶҲֻжпյô죡
Ѧȴɫصҡҡͷ˵ҲδǸ߼ģȴҲڣյô죬ô໹ûʲôԵ޸ҲֻжŻ˿ֲ

£ĹƣŮҲţǣǿǶϣķ
𾪣Ͼ֪ҩǰҩһ룬Ҳ׽ࡣ
ıΪŷ徹ˣд˵ı֣һƿأһˣ˭ܶв
ȻǴ˿ҲףղŹŷΪλǰα̾ˡ
޸
찡Ƕȥˡ
Ҫ֪ضǾѰҵĽŰҩеģңҪôãοֻǲŸոսʢŶȲϵĻҰֻأ
治֪ŷҵʲôʱȥпܰҩ޸ˡ
ŷ壬еˡ
ɿŹŷǿЦѵݣɾЩ˵
ŷȥ˿Цƣûһĺ£ԣһ㣬ѹǴ˵㣬Ҳָ֮˵Ȼ
û£Ҫˣȥˡ
ŷ˰֣ȻżŮЦʵ˭һͬǰȥ
϶ҪػģΪŷ·ģҲֻһλ
ɰɣǾͲȥˡ
£ѦŮȻǲȥģЦЦͬʱָŶʱЩߺĳɵ
ƶȻǶϤģȴǸȥΪǸֵᷢǸˣȻǸҲμᱻǸ˸֣鷳ǹѰ
ȷʵ죬ǣȥܾܺ͹ŷһͬȥȻ΢صʹףСҸ
ŷ岢ûж룬ҲûоܾóɴԼȥϾܲԺܼɶ㿪ɰɣֻҪԼӦľ룬Ӧñܷδİġ
ˣŷҲ˵ͷУ²˳٣ƶóֵһ߲ʱԴʯҰɡ
ƶͷһƷгۣһǧ߲ʱԴʯңżԴǺܶ࣬Ļһǿһǧһһǧٿţͬǿһǧٿ߲ʱԴʯ
۵Ļ϶ǲôߵģг۵һǧ߲ʱԴʯһ飬ٳȥɵĲۣҲ˵ҪʮƷŹ
ȻǺüٿƷĴ洢˵ԵöôԵºƶóʮݸ˹ŷ塣
ŷͷӹƷŷ׼һ־Ұ½Դһ֣ȱǮˣȥ
ϡƷԼƷŷȻȫںҩˣû취ҩθڣô
ңЩ»ֻǹ졯ģ
żŮ˵ͷŷųˮ½˹ȥ
ֱӾʹˮ½Ĵ͹Ļ͵¹磬Ȼһ·˹ȥ
ֻιŷȴֻ֣ʥڣһ˿ʥϢڣҪǿһ㣬ȻҲһΪǿߡ
ŷҲԴ˲⣬˭ҲԼ޹أǣһ߽ͬĴš
ϵܣߣ
ȴ룬ŷŸո̤ţʥԴĴԣڶ


368 ɱͽ
ʥĴԣŷʱһ
ߣ
ŷ岻üǲǽԼ
ӦİǿϢŷԼһЩʲôȴ΢΢·һ˿ȻЦ⡣
ҾǱܣڿЦô
£ȨûʥĴһ㣬ʹųɣȥ
ϵܣ⡭
ӦŹŷǵûԼľʾߣʥԴεĴԱ㴫˹ȴҲֻܻһ̾Ϣ
˵ŷûԼľʾʥȴûκ֣ΪִŲ뽾ӣԼ͵
£ʥͿ˿ԼǸߣȻֻԭԵúŭһ˫ʱͱһ⣬Ҳʥ˵ʲôһͳ¥·ȥ
ʥΨпЦٴ̾һҲǸߵȥ
ֻУȴ޵һ˿ŭ𣬲ŭߣŭԼϽĵԱȻжԼҵĵԱڣ
ԼΪԼϽĵԱ棬ӦøԼޱȣ¼˽⵽ʵȴ
Ҳˣʧ㣬ڣߣҲǸϵɱĳ¼ʦʦӦҲ϶ŷɱͽܵǸˡ
ֻҪûг֤ݣôƾߵжҲǲҶԹŷôġ
ŷô˵ҲĹ˿ͣҪû֤֮ǰɱ˹ŷĻΪ𣬵ʱ򣬿¾Źߡ
ԣֻҪû֤ݣϵҲӦǲᱻôģҲʥʾ˹ŷһ󣬼ŷûûٽߵԭˡ

ŷͳɸһ߽ƯԱ㿴ˣ׷æǰһЦص
ЦݣҲ㲻ְҵЦˣĻӭЦݡ
ô˵ȲҲǺ͵ֵܵˣƾһ㣬Ļӭˡ
ţ۵㶫
ŷ΢ЦŶŵԱͷ
ҾͲȥˣǵġ
ԱͲЦ
ŷЦЦҲû˵Ŀ⣬ȴǻ¥ݿڴ
תۣһ뷢԰ףɷǣϢȴɱ߾¥ĿĴһɨͶ˹ŷϡ
ȻߵĿһ˭ܸӦõɱ⣬ŷ˶
ƣѹɱ⣬ӵеⷽڣ
ԣ˶ɫ£ŷȴһȻûκ⡣
ͷ·𣬶ĲһʤǿߣһԼͬߡ
ʱʥҲǴҴҸϵ۶վţ˭Ҳ˵ˣͲЦرǿŷʼĳȣǴͷԹŷԽ
ʥĳ֣˿ͣԼԱоӴѹ˲ɢվڹŷ󣬽ŵСֶһĳɣѹ֮ҲǴһֻǣǸߵĿȴǳ˾衣
Ȼ֪İǿߣض߲ƣȻΪλͻȻԹŷ壬ΣֻҪҶԹŷ岻Լ͸࣡
ԣɻ񾭶ţֻҪǰ춯ʹȫһ
ߣȻɱͽˣȣȻǲ
߿Լѹ֮£ʼ治ɫһȻ΢ЦĹŷ壬˵пܾɱԼͽǸˣ˿̣ȴҲǲò¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ŷɱͽ֪ǰγԣ
ŷװΪģ˵
ߵĹ˼ɣŷҲԼôֻҪò֤ݳԼͲ
ŷɱ¼ʦʱӦǲʲô˿ģԼǰߣ¼ʦŭظԼ˳ˣҲǰٷ֮ٵ֤ݡ
ˣӦĩΪߣŷӡ
ߣװʲô֪ѵͽȻɱΪƭùˣƭҲɣ
һߣ˵ڹŷͣǿΪеޱȵ𾪣˵ĸԼıҲûٹˡ
Ҳ֪ǰ˵ʲô
ŷЦҡͷǲϡ
ŷô仰ĻҲͲܻߵ̶ˡ
ŷϵĻȴٴηһмЦԭҼ㲻ӣΪ㻹һˣڣȴԼʲô¶ҳˣߣӹˣ治֪㸸ĸҲǲӹˣ
һŷضǸ߰ޱȵģԼ˳һûǣһûǣһԼͽɱôԼɱĻҲ˸˵ʲôˡ
û뵽ǣһôٵ꣬ӦַǳʢģԼ˵ִųĻǰȴɫһµģͷɵһ
꣬˿ֲΪҲˣĵرԼǿʦ̵£Ҳûȿֲ츳֮ˡ
ǣ꣬ʢܲһ㳰Цίͣǰ꣬ȴֻ˼ʮϺһ㣬ֳȣֵȻﻹһСӣ
һ˵ˣԣһֲһɳǳɾ͡
뵽ͲɵһݣΪԼͽУͽǰǱ޿ֲּпһֵֵֵ֧꣬أ
ңԼȷûʲô֤ݰٷ֤֮ɱģԭ׼ԷʢİԼϣǰȫͲã˼
У˶ţ˲Ϊֻͽѣֲģ⣬ǲֵ̫á
˼˴⣬Ͼô˵ҲһױԴǿߣһʦе֮һݿǲͣˣȴʵǷŲӡ
ʱһֱ΢ЦվһԵʥ⣬֪Լϳˡ
˵ϵ֮ҸҵϵܣԲɱͽǸˣ
ʥæǰظžžر֤
⻰ȴдΪģ㻹û鷳Ǻˣ㻹
ȻȻ·ֻн¿ˣʥǲĹģ߻ǲòڲĵ˵Ȼ춼ˣǻҲŪ˰ɡ
˵ҳǰߵǸŮ飬Լʥ֮⣬ûܿ϶ԼͽǹŷɱҲû֪ԼȴѾ⣬ϴǻջգʼʱԼȻǱһĶСӣŪǱ
Ǿ仰˲ΪΪһôҪͽȥǰ;޹ֵ̫꣬ˡ
ȻԺʲôĻҲԼôΨһʧӵɱͽһ


369 ʥĸо
Ͷᣬᣡ
Ϊϵ˿ڣʥЦصȴҲ⡣
ϾֻҪǱˣãΪһôҪͽŷǱ޴³Թһֲɱһȥġ
£ʥظģСҵﵱְɱģһҳɱˣСһ
⻰һˣŷ嶼ɰԺЦǸǴΪŭؿʥһۣĵϼһƤ治һĺ
ŷ֪ʱҲ׷ԼˣҲûȥתͷʥЦϸ磬ֵ׼һЩԴʯˡ
Ǻǣ⣬ȻΪҺȾƵġ
ʥǺһЦҲֳһ˿˵Ĺâ
ǰΣŷԼ۵ĶʹΪܲһҵŷ˵֪Ҫ۵ƷƲǰε٣ֻΪԼҵһʣǰ絣εҲָտ
һ˴ֵֻǸҲ߲ˣÿʳɹĽ׷ֳɻӷ񣬾ÿµҩȸҲ㣬ʲ˵һǳõϢ
ɳҲԷһ㣬ǰޱţƺһʲô
ɱǸʲô¼ʦʱ˵иʲôʦΪţӦñǰˣȻ޷Թŷ塣
Ҫ֪ŷҲ꣬˭ԵȫټʥʶǲǸ¼ʦ˵ʦǻ˭
ֻΪһ׸֣һʦڹŷǰ޻˵˵֪ͽܾǱŷɱģȴûκζ󣬸ֻܾʹա
뵽һ˫ˮתĿͲ˿ǸƽĲͻȻһԺ֮С
ĸΪ޴꣬ȵģ
Щţƾ汲İ˭ŷᲢۣ
ǸŷЬǲ䣡
Ժ뽾š
磬ָٶ٣
ŷգգۣɫʥ
ʥ֪ϵڿԼЦεϵܣͱ𿪴Цˣǽҵ²㹻ǲ۰
ʥĿЦɾͲһЦ˵ϴûиȴҲúƶɫ˵һϣĸкЦ
ŷЦҡҡͷҲ㲻ٿЦ磬ҪñȽϼǾڿʼף
˵Żŷһޱһۣ˼ԡ
ߣ죬Ȼ˲ǻɱͽˣҲȻȥˣǣ
β֪ŷһǺ˼ʱһʥһȭȥҲǳɴࡣ
ʥЦ֮ǰԼһʦɱڣԼȰ˵ûãһɱɱͽˣĲݵģʱֻȴҲΪһ
ϵܣǾͽȥװɣ
ȥ˵û¶ʲôݻʲôϺ꣬ȻЩ¶ϣŷ弸䣬һΧߵĵԱ͹˿ͣʥҲû˵ˣЦָָң˹ȥ
ŷͳȻϣһңʥ׼Թŷ嶣䣬һǵȻ΢Цͳ̬һЦ֪˼ҿ¸ͲҪԼ¸ƵģԳһЦҲͲٶԡ
磬İɣһСĵġ
ʥſԣŷ嵱Ȼ룬ͷҲһ˿ж
ô˵Ҳˣ뵽Լ˼䣬˵ȷĺԼύˣʱǵͷЦ
ˣȻþС
ʥεذ˰֣黹Դصصһǵ㣬ΪˣǲôҲʲôС
һͽȴǳ¼ʦֵܹϵΪǲҶ٣֪ɱ֮ܵ˵ͻ˳㱨ˣ˳֮Ҳǹġ
ŷ΢΢üԼǳ¼ʦֻͨͨʦͽϵȷǲûʹ˻ɱԼֶΡ
ǣֻ͸¶Լɱ˳¼ʦǸ˸¼ʦ׸Ļô˭Ҳ˵ʲôлΪ¼ʦ׸磬˳Լ𣬵ȷ޸ϵˡ
ʥ٣ҲױԴ£
ǿΣ
ֻҪȵԼȫƿҩʥҲκԼã
ŷüͷչ˿мضʥ˵ͷ磬ллЩһ׼ġ
ţǾУҲ̫ģֻҪСһ㣬ôҲ˷ݣᷢڵġ
ʥͿο
ǣһŷνɫ֪Լǰ˵ˣ˼Ķһ㵣ĵԼ̫ˡ
ˣ˵ˣϵܣͰҪ۵Ķóưɡ
ʥЦ
ŷͷȻһ֣һʮֱΪʮ׵ԲƷͳǰž޴ϣϹȥ
ǡ
ʥʱһһʲôĽ˲͵ɴһ˫ۣЩ׼ŷһóôƷҲһȡ
ѵϵǿһ΢ϡƷɣ
ʵ˵ͱضϰٿģ˵΢ͿһٿڣһĿв˷ֹ
ŷηֵļƷдͿˣһ˸֣Ҳضᣡ
ϵܣЩȫۣ
Ͼ΢ͿҲʲô˲õ飬ʥô˵ҲһԼһСϡƷԾľ֮󣬾ָ֮ƽ
ǹŷҪʮƷȫۣǾˣЩòţǼȱԴʯ֮⣬˭óƷ˭ͳͳԼţ
ͶԹŷΪǲ⣬ǰιϵҲԼ˲ٶ׬˲ٱԴʯˣӦòּ豾Դʯİ
ǵģЩȫۡ
ŷ΢Цͷ˵
ȴʥԺüͷϵܣҪˣۣ۸ҪɵģҲ֪ǲñ֪ݲ۵ģǣɵļ۸񡭡Ҳ̫ˡ
ʥ˹ŷһۣźǳϿҵصϵȱԴʯˣϸﵹе㣬Ҳû٣ǧ߲ʱԴʯеģЩҽ㻹ԼðɣڷϣϾƷĽ˵٣Ҳǰײˣ˵оеģ
һ˵ǳϿùŷǴΪжΪܴʥϢиӦó磬˵Ҳһ˼棬ǣĶǷĵģ
ʵùŷû뵽Լ磬ΣҲǵμѣҲźһξƣȴû뵽ȻԼھʹӦ輸ǧ߲ʱԴʯԼ
Ҫ֪Ȳ˵⼸ǧ߲ʱԴʯǶô޴һʣ˵ܾܾʽף˺ܴһҵˣֻùŷǸж
ôϵܣʵڲҾȥҪΪˣĻҾҵݣȥ水м۳ˡ
ŷ岻˵ʥΪˣ󣬱˵
ʵʥԼȻ˵ⷬҲǸоǾ죬⻰ȻǳԼ֮ڡ
Ҫ˵ԼҲһʵʵڵϡˣܻȲӿǵ֮°
ǣȴ֪ôģܾãϵӦַǳֵεˣңһԼԼĸоֻҪԼĽϵܵĻôԼԼ޷ĺô
ǷǳصֱֱԴôʶ˾飬ԴĻԡ
ټϾεͽ̸Ҳֹϵܵȷ
ֻΪʾ죬Լ·񣬶һλߣԾǿһĸܣ졣
ӣֻһδɳһɳ󣬱ؽһɳ죬һˣʱ򣬱֮ڣˣ
ͻȻʥ֪ľðôһ뷨˵ÿЦȴţŷ彫ĳɾͣض綼Ϊ֮
ȻҪǵĵȷȷΪϵܵʵǶԼθڵĻʥҲǲܻ˵ⷬģϾǱξ޴ƢԲԣҲôҲϲһȥҲֵýá
ԣҲΪΣֻΣͻ˵Խ輸ǧ߲ʱԴʯԼȥŷԭˡ
ò˵ܳɾΪģûһӹˣ˵ֻǹƾоԼϲöľٶԵ÷ǳðգһϴ󣬹ŷҲˣԼָݺڣǼǧ߲ʱԴʯ͵ǴˮƯˡ
ǣ߷գľǸջξɽʥһˣԺڵ۷֮ʣٻףµģֻ޾̾ҡ
ȻЩ˺ˣٿŷ壬ʥʵĻһЦҲʥϸ磬İɣѰһһЩãЩ׼ġ
û˵ǶʲôȼĿҲû˵Լ˶٣ֻ֮⣬ϵٺõģҲֻ˵߷ֻ
û취ն֪֪治֪ģû㹻ľԣ֪ԷĵȷȷĵģҲܰԼһ¸ȫгˣǱѣǱֵڱһѵ黹ֵˣ
ȻǾͲһˣȫȫԼˣЩദŷǲᱳԼģңԼҲûаԼĵȫ¶ǣ
磬Լڴ似磬ԼĴ洢۳̶ȡ
ɱСۺʵ棬ɣռ˾ԵҪλġ
ԹʥԺҲͲٶ˵ˣԼ͵ˡ
ǺãȻϵ˵ˣôҲͲǿˡ
ʥ΢Ц˵Ȼһʮ󣬱ŵϵܣֵ鷳ǵһСˡ
Ǻǣϸ磬鷳˲Ŷԡ
ŷЦ
ʥ˵ͷȻֳ׺һЦתҴȥˡ
˵ʵڣɶоԼЩԺġ
벻ŷĹϵȻȺƶ˵ĻҪĪ棬ƺҲŷɣ
ôôͻῪҪŷ弸ǧ߲ʱԴʯأ
ǣǿǼǧŰԼһʱԴʯûӵйģ
Ļ൱ĳϿңóɴΪԺˡ
ʥȻԼô׺ͣҲ֪մ˹ŷĹ⣬Ȼ˼ҵΪݵλôܻԼССױԴ¶ôеЦݣ
ǣǱ֮ˣ˵ЩԼӵˡ
ʥȻˡ
ŷ壬ʥôϤ
ڣ̲סеļȺ棬ѯʵ


370 
ͬһ汦㣬һ˫ӯӯĴۣǺؿԼĳɣŷȴǲ֪ȥˡ
˵ģŷҲûϵʥȻ˿ԼһڣǼǧ߲ʱԴʯ
ȻҲΪʥԼʲôڣԱŷֵδйִ
㵱ڹżҵ֮ʱҲδԼ͵˭һȣĽͲ뷨
̸϶ϤɣһԹһٷȻζѡ
ŷ̯̯֣ľεص
ȴǲЦ֬ľ绨ţĹʱʱջ󣬡Ӧþ˰ɡ
ۣ
ȷˣǡ
ô⻰˼һɲþζأ
ûȥɵĵ٩ҲǶĩڸˣ似ôˣ
ɲ֪ŷΪλͻȻҲûж룬شУ½ҵĿǱ似һʱҲ޷ڻ֮ͨ˽սȴǲе似ĳ̶ˡ
ŷͷؼ򣬶ĩڣټǰ˼ԴԼⱾ似ܻҪһ֮⣬ۺʵ棬ǿһĩڱԴǿˡ
½ôû
ѦģȻĹ似Ǳģô似ӦòŶԣȴû˵ϰҲֻкƶѧ˹似ѧ似
ụ̂ûѧ
ҡҡףЦ½Ǹ似ǿǿ󣬿ȴʺ
ŷȻһ룬˵Ļ¹ʲôʺϲʺԼˣֻҪǱ似е޵ģŮ޵ģԥȥѧᣬϾ似ͷǣٲãҲһ似Աġ
һͿԿɵˣŷΪ˲дޡ
ɣһȥҪƶעһ似еĻ͸ˡ
ôЩŷǵʮ㣬ֻҪ似ĵȼ̫ߣܹ
ȻҲֻߵȵĶѣ˱ģɲǮͿ򵽵ģּ似ͺռҵ켶似һ㣬⴫
ɵҲûоܾȻŷҪ似ΪҪԼ򣬿ǣֲҰֻǹģСҲûжĵ˳ԱǽһĳԱôͿ԰似ȥˣˣΣⶼǿ˵ġ
лл
룬Ҳ֪ŷҪҪԼ似þͻģһ룬̲סһۡ
ŷͰ˰֣΢Цһˣͱʲôллˡ
ԭһϡƽĻԼǻҰֻصƶˣǹˣһô
ŷȴ˲Ҫˣ仰ԵúЩ塭
Ȼһߵͨ죬ȴû˵һ仰΢ףһ˫ĵۣȴʱʱ͵͵ϹŷһۣǺõ壬޵òɷ
˭óߣҸۣȴôڸǶڸǲ㣬еԭ;ޱȵģȴǸһĨŮɬ
ŷæ˼ĿҲæת˿治ĺģôһŮɬı飬ǶǹǣҪǹŷľǿָͻʹ˳Բѡ
ĿһתͿϵ⼸Ǳ㳶ˣǵķֻǵͼ鱦ɣȥ߻ïǣЩƷˣ
񣬹ŷ˼Ҳת֮УѾɳüˣïҲͬԼҰֻصһӣʱЩƺԼû뵽ɫС
ߣŴЩѽ
ԾͲ˺СȻǺܲŷڲЩµġ
ŷεǼ⣬˵ȴԭߵ飬գ۾ͻԹһ㣬Źŷһ̾˵˲֪㣬һ֪ôİɣҰְǲãȴǶѾһƷҵķˡ
ŷ廹״οԹر飬رģԹ֮ɫòҾ徣֪ģΪԼ
һĺӡ
ŷͷͻȻðôһ䣬ȴԽԽУǰôû֣Ȼк꾫欵Ǳأ
Ȼ欣ʩţΪôĶ˶ԵùɬֻһˮҶѣ͸˵ˮңһβ̵ľ롭
ʲôء
ŷæ˦˦ͷ죬ԼôȻðôЩ뷨
ĽŲҴҽӽŷʱٴλص˵Ȼ̬ҲæյĽޣĻջأĨ޵Ц⣬Ҳٴθ˳
ƺ׺õѣԼŷ֮⣬ʼնģӣͬŷһμǰģ
ɣĴһֻȣȴȻ෴ⲻΪʺò֣Ǹеɫޱߡ
ϵܣǾõˡ
ʥ˻δˬʵЦʹ˹
Ҳûз˵쳣㷢ˣҲ룬ΪŮӣϴΣϴǸѷǰŮӵŮӣӦǹϵܵİ²Ŷԡ
һҪõǰȾɫŮӵĴȻܣǰϵ˭
ǿǻڳɳеҪŮŮҪô飬Ҫô̫СҪôʵǡ
ȻĻ޲ðԼŮŮɶĽܸϵˣ۶ôɫŮӣֻ䲻Ϲϵܵģûйϵ䲻ϵģ
Ǻǣ˵Ķ鷳һˡ
ŷ΢΢һЦ˵
ֲ£Һ޲ܣ
ʥЦҲûٶ˵ʲôһ֣һԴƤɵĴӣͳ˹ŷǰ
ӺܴԿӵͣȴǹĹҵģһ߲ʱԴʯǿɾԲ١
ŷ忴ûͻְӸսҩռ䵱У㶯ʹʥвһ˿ο
磬ԺµȷвٶҪۣҲ㣬һ£Ҳ۵ģϾĲۣʵ̫һ㡣
ŷ˼ɵ˵ԼԺʲôҪۣ⻰ȴǵûʥѿͲһж֮ɫ
ŷ˵İԼϴˣΪϸ磬ȻǲϣŷΪԼӣԱɵļ۸Լۣⲻڸʥӣǿʥ
ϵܣ˵ϸʵǸ˵úš
ʥһЦȵĹŷļȴҲûǻϵܣȻɣǾȥϸɻЩƵĴģ


371 ԩ·խ
ŷȴҡҡͷܵ磬ҳôΪ˲μѩƴеģʼҲֻһЩʱˣԣֻ´ٺˡ
ŷ˵ʥЩϧӻ޳еӸĻᣬǱͷȻˣϸҲͲǿˣɱϸҰʱ䣬һҪϸúúϼ
ĹƲȰ
ŷͿЦ
ǳȻǲǸȵģǲǻݵģζ˵ǲ˵㣬ҲԱȾЩҪõö࣡
ʥŷЦһЦУȴҲǴЩ԰
ŷͳͲһЦ磬ҲȷǹˣΪԼΪ԰ȴΪԼƳƶȻȴȤý
ãʱһ߶ģ
ŷͺͳɴһɫȻ˱վŷ屧ȭЦ
ϵ⻰ɾͼˣϸﻹʲô߶벻߶ģϸļңļң
ʥ⻰¶ޱȵȣȴҲùŷһůЦŵͷһһͬʥ£ֱȥ
ϵܣʱ䣬һҪǵùϸȼ
ŹŷͳȥıӰʥЦŴ
һһ
ŷЦŻͷʥ˰֣Ȼɣû˺С
ңŷͳɳʧıӰʥٴһۣһϣ¶һ˿Ц⣬תһĪϲ⣬صԼĵ
ЩƯԱǣȴǶǸεǣǵһμء
񣬾¹Ľʱûɣ
ѵǸĳĵ
ڵԱС˼ﰵĥš

ֱӴ¹紫͵ѩƴ磬һѩشģҲΪȡΪѩơ
£ҪƬϺüʮңƮѩǳӳĵһƬѩѩףƲһ㣬Ư
յУƮŶëĴѩҲǸ˺һѩֻߴҴҵǣȴȥʲô޿㣬඼ƽװҲֻѩƴͨˣҪ·ů
˵¶ȳ걣¼ʮȣͨҪ֮⣬ȴ˿Ҫ٣ֵĹ֣̯İ̯˿ͨ˵ޱȵӰ졣
ŷ壬ھȥǸжλ𣿡
ڻֻǻƻ裬ʮУ뵽μضܶ࣬ɾȰλλȫˡ
ţȥһɣȻȥùϢϢ
ŷͷϴηеʢ£Ҳ򲻵λ
£˱ͬһ°ѩ׵ĳǳͬƶˣŷ嵹ûʲôоһԵĳɣȴĿ룬ʱȻȴʱۣ֪Щʲô
ֻκգ֪ضŷйء
˸·ʹ̽еڣһ·ȥʱҲԴʮӣеſڡ
ʱѾɽ˺ſڣŷЦЦҲ֪ʲôöȻý죬ôǰλˡ
ɵգ˵ȲΣҲֻѷһѣǧһľɫŮرĶʣǲѷηֺ
ԣֻһѾǾ˹עĽ㣬˸ߣԼһЩʶܴŮ֮⣬˵Ŀ⣬˳ɵϡ
ŷ岻ЦҲȷǳ̫ˣʣǺ꾫벻ܵԵעǲܵģϴԼͺƶͬУȫһ죬һصĲ
ȻҲ˵ƶͲɫˣҪɫҲǸӵ죬ʹǰֶβǧİѺƶŪ֣־ֻ֣̫ڡ
ɵǵúܣ˵Щ˳ε񣬵ھôЩ꣬ȴϰߣԼǿԺںЩ˵Ŀ⣬¹ŷԼʲôɲҪΪԼзŮˡ
ŷ۽⣬Ϳ˳ԥԥȴֲ֪οڵĿоһЦʵĿעӣ˵Ļŷ巴ҪȳɸӦأ
룬ǰ绪ԣܲעӣ
ԣŷҲϰ߳Ȼˡ
ֻҪ˵ʲôĻʲôĶŷҲǲȡ˺ӵ̬ȡ
ԭЩĹŷ᲻ΪԼзĺӵģɵŷתͷԼ΢΢һЦͷĵ˲ɢϵЦҲָ糣Ļ󣬶ޡ
ЩΧ۵ǣһ㽿飬׷¶һ˿ԣҲһ˿ǣʲôطȻˡ
ҲҺû˵ʲôĻʲôĶȻ¶Է߽׸֣ŷǲ壬ûκˣ۸ҵˣ㣬Ҳ
ˣҪԤʲôλ
ԤλҲ̫࣬һСʱĶӺҲֵŷˡ
˵ģеĵԱȴһְҵ΢Цûһ
Ԥ߲ɡ
ŷЦЦ˵
ǮˣŷȻԼҲϲͷ˵ĸоֱӾ׼ᡣ
õģһһٿ߲ʱԴʯ
Աǿһ۹ŷ߾ĳɣвɵһ˿Ľ˾ֶسɫŮӣʱһӴǺüʮ˵ĵԱҲǼټٿ
һٿţ
һԵĳֹסһţһᣬһٿ߲ʱԴʯ
⣬⻹ȥأ
ĹȻǻûתһҪȥһٿ߲ʱԴʯļ۸񣬵һ󾪺
Ҳֻһǿˣûпֹŷ壬Ϊ۹ŷʲôԥ֧֡
ŷҲһҲ׼Ҳûгɣһ֣һٿ߲ʱԴʯ˹ȥ
ĺƣͿƣֱӽ
Աһְҵ΢Цؽŷ߲ʱԴʯлǲΪһ˿죬û뵽ǰʵһȲ꣬Ȼһ
ŷ΢ЦӹǸϢİƴСĳκƣһһЦû뵽Ūôһ֡
ȻŷȻӦƺĿڽضԼ˵ĿⲻͬĿ⣬һоЩϤһ˵İŷȴиоɱ⡣
ĮȻͷȥһԷͲصΣǾͲɹһ˿Ц
벻Ȼԩ·խ


372 
ˣһ˹ŷ岢ʶһˣȴǽոǸߣ¼ʦʦ
ʱҲһ˿⣬ȴޱؿԼȻҲû뵽ȻôɣոշֿѣٴԼɱͽˡ
ȷǲȥΪһôҪͽȥǰضӵо޴Ǳ꣬ǣҲȥ˵ʲôͽ뽻ã˵ԼȥͽôҪô˵ҲԼͽ꣬ѵ컯
Цѣһϣȴʼû¶Ȼޱ飬Ҳò˵ϲŭɫĹ򣬾ԵһϺ֮ơ
ʦС𣿡
վŵǸ󺺣ؿһȻĹŷ壬ɱʵ
û
ĮȻͷȻתͷԼͽҪɱĻӦ֪Ҫô
İɣʦҲ鷳ġ
󺺻شɱ˫۵˹ŷһۺ󣬱תһԵĳɣʱһ
ԭ䣬ǺϣէȻֳһ˿ޣû뵽ȻȼòһľɫŮӣ
ʦǸŮӡ
һЦĿɵɨųǰ͹µģ˿ںԷԽԽĺŭ顣
Ǻǣûһġ
˴ôʦȻ֪ԼͽǸʲôˣǺһЦȷϵ
ٺ٣ʦǵҾ˳ʦģȻ˳ҳºԶͽܣ
ԲǼΪص˵ͷĳºƵļ򣬵ȥɣȥɣֻҪʦͳɣ
ͽң
ºæȭԼġ
ţǾһж֮˵ɡ
ǣ
ºƶһȭٴƳ˹ŷһۣ˸ɱֿһ۳ɣа֡
߿ɫȻɵĹŷ壬ĵ׾ͲЩɻ
룬ŷԲῴԼͳºƵΪģҲԲῴºɱ˼Ϊλ侲
ѵ˵һ磬Ǵɣ
뵽߾ͲЩ˵ĻõͽºͲһˡ
ƶɱ֮ȲҪȸ˵ɡ
̾˿߻̲סųº
ºƵҲûʲô⣬ʵҲͲµʲôڣԱ˵ͷʾԼ֪ˡ

ŷ壬Ǹˡ
ɿһߺǸ󺺣ȻŭǸаĿ⣬ȴǵģǸ߲ʲôǸ󺺣˵ˡ
ֻǺεɱ⣬֪˼ɡ
ŷȴǵҡͷЦЦ˵ûϵˮڣ㲻Ҳȥ㡣
Ȼ֪Ǹ˭üǼ¼ʦ΢Ƶģ֪Ӧñʥ˵Ǹ¼ʦ׸ˡ
ŷҲη壬Է˵׳ڵΪֻҪȵԼһƿҩҲǲ
ŷոҲһ˿ɣ֪ڻԼǲʲôҪ鵽Լʵƣûһǲܵģһ£Լƿҩˡ
ˣ󺺣ŷͲġ
϶ǴӮ˼ңҲŪԼȸֶԾԼҲܴл治١
սгɳǹŷΪóġ
߰ɣȥǣαΣ
ŷ嵭ؿһԶˣջĿ⣬֮ЦŶųɵ
ţ
ŷǿжη壬ǶеĽȻƽжʱٴһ˿ʣҲԼԭڰɡ
漴Ҳûȥߺͳºƣ㾶ֱһùסޣɱǣҵסˣΣֻȥԶһĵطѰˡ
û뵽ǣиùݶѾȫסˣֱֱʮңҲѾǼԶλãҵһпշùݡ
ǣùĿշȴҲֻʣһˣϴŵĪ⣬΢΢ͷĳɣŷεǾｫһΣ
ŷĻԭֻǴ㱡εľգ˲ͺ쵽˾ӨĶһͷ΢ŵšһ㲻˵
Ǹƹ񣬿ɲǼų޽޵ĳɣǴ˵һ˫۾ضųɾӨ͸գʹһڿˮ
ڳˣŮǱǷ绪סˣһųҲƲĿ⡣
ͬʱðһͷѵǺ꾫ɵŮ
ֱŷؿһƹǻعȴûκΣһ˫۾ؿŹŷ壬еۼɣԱ
䷿Ҫˡ
ŷ嵭ؿƹһۣ˵
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ƹһ̾ȥ˫ĳɣӹ˹ŷһһʱԴʯóһԿ
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ŷһЦ˵ʱЩãĿǰ˵ҲЩͨҩʦԱģܹƳһҩĻôǿԵĳԱġ
ֻĿһҩ󣬱Ȼ˫ۣƽŷոһóһöɫԴңǶҩİڣĴ߶£ֻһһŽɫԴ𣬱ð˳
Ȼ󣬴ԴһᣬһҩץһҩͶ˽ȥַ쳣ƽˮĿҲĿתضţʱ˿֮ǰĽţȫȻһҩʦһ㡣
ԼܵǿʼҩˣرǿɫСԭʧʱ¿ʼȼգεؿŰ壬۾һգգ
ŷҲûʱʱ̻˵һ°壬еǣԼĵ򸲸£ϢûΪԼ˵˿ʼƽøһ̶ĺһ㣬״̬ԣǼʺҩ
¾ҩһϲͨĳ̻϶ЩȻҩȴҲ˵ҩʦҩʱ򣬾ԲܵκδţмĿܣᵼƵһ¯ҩﳹױϡ
ǰ꣬Լô˵¾Ȼ˿ΪƤӶû̧һ£ԣټҩ츳㹻ĳԱˡ


380 ҩʦ£
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ҩİ壬̻ϲתͷŹŷ޵
ŷĬĬͷĿ磬עŰһһ
ҩһͶҩڣҩ״Ҳ֣ٹһᣬһҩģȴֻʣһˡ
׼ʱ͵ؾץסҩĶ˽ɫԴУֻԴڵһ£ʹð⣬ҩʣȡľ
ŷԽɫԽ֣أΪƷĹҩʦȻܹóʱץüΪ׼ȷԴƳ̶ҲǷֺȥĻһ¯ҩ׼ɣ
ҩ츳ԶԶԼ󰡣һ¯ˣ̶ܹȣȫܹ֤츳Ϊǿ
ٿһԵССԣŮ۶գһµŰĶСҲյýģɼнš
ʱƣһҩҲǳ״ϣһأҲҩ֮أںˡ
ҩʦڵһİҩʱǰڶȽ˳ںϵʱ̳ģԣŷҲǲۿ
һ¯ҩﵱˣŷԥذӣ̵
ҩҩЧȼǺܸߣֻѣǿԺģֻҪԸߣǿټԼϤĽ̵ָ㣬ˣ
ȫ֮УŵģҪԼףһԼ¯ҩ󣬽ԼĽεȵת䡣
ԣҲƽɾΪôһ㲨໥ںϵҩȴȻһԴǲһϨ˹ȥŵһǿȹ̡
һ㣬һʧˣ
ССǳ̻ϣΪһѺղŵһĻʵ̫գҪǰ巴Ӧÿ죬ȹĻ¯ҩҲͳױˡ
ŷ忴Ѿεҩ΢΢һЦһһ¯ҩûˡ
ȻӣͻȻϨԴȻóƿֱѳεĵҩҩҺװ˽ȥǳһͷһƬˮ
Ҫͣ
׼Ъһػؾʱ򣬹ŷȴ˲ɵһݣæʰѹƣ͵ľһٴδ߶Դ𣬿ʼȫע
Ҫ˵һҩҲ۵ģˣҪԭйŷͳ̻λڣεѹ޴Լһûɣǿɾ̫ý͸ĸʧˡ
ټҲһƷҩһ׵ģǰŸոͻƵƷԻеƣۣҲǺġ
ȻûЩصĻֻƸʮҩŻ۵ĸо
ٶ룬ǰľ飬أǺɽҩˣǿѹͷ˷ܣٴͶ뵽ҩ֮С
ŷ嵭ؿŰĶȻ֪һ¯¯ǲܻʧܵģҪ岻ͣЪؽƣҪԴжϳԺ;ǿȣҩУռݾԵġ
Ȼַ֮ݻжϳʵģǶԱ˶ԣӵŵĹŷ˵һв۵ףκ⡣
ȷͬŷԤϵǰ㣬¯̲쳣˳ʱҲǴ˲٣ֻһСʱѣ¯ҩѾǴ󹦸ɡ
壬С࣬Сӣ̻϶ĨһѶͷĺһ
塭
СС˷ܵͨͨ죬иǴϲӣỽ˵ܵһ뱧һ𻶺æֹס˽Ųϵϲͽôβס
˾ԼܹܵĿ࿴Լôأ
벻ǻҰֻصĹϽڣȻд˵Һ㷢ˣҵʧְ
̻ϺһЩص
ΪרŸպ˲ŵģҪǹŷ壬пܻᱻ̽Ӹ֣Ȼߣȷʧְ
ŷȴǰ˰֣ЦⲻʧְϾҲŸոӻ粻ãѾǺܺˣҲֽ֪׶ΣҲûʱȥѰƷµҩʦԣⲻ㡣
̻ϾЦŵ˵ͷҲûǿ˿ͷ󺹵İ壬ʵ㿴
̻ϵĻССԺͰ壬ǿ˹ŷ壬ϸǽޱȣҲǴŵϣΪ֪ǰ;ƾǰһ仰ˡ
ŷ΢΢һЦͶ԰Цʵаǰɣ֪ʦǺˣ
Ȼ֪Ϊλ廹ʵʵЩ˼شһֱԼĥġ
Ļȴùŷһ⣬ʵʲôʱΪҩʦ
ʱżȻԼҩ츳ġ
ꣿҲ˵壬ӳΪҩʦߵزֻİѣ
ңԼĥģ
£ŷ΢ЦŶ԰˵ûȤΪҵĵӣ
ŷ⻰һ弸˶ʱʹסˣ̻ϣһ
弸Ȼ֪ҩʦݣֻĵһ㣬Ľʺޡ
̻ϣ֪øһ㣬Ȳ˵ŷҩΨһ״ӣΪ˹ŷĵӣҲ͵ҩĶһ㣬͹ǹŷԼĴڣȫԤʾ壬һ·ҡֱˡ
ƷҩʦҩЧǿֲİ˼ƺҩҩԼҩ裬ЩҲ˵ȫڣֻǴڰһɣҲΪһ˲õҩʦ
ԣ̻ϣҲǲЩĽ
ҩʦһ츳˳ڣɱȵʲӸˬˣ
ȻҲֻĿǰԣֻҪҰֻسΪǿǰ֮󣬱Ǹ̻һƷҩʦ
ݵĴͣͻİͷӦ˹ϲҲ͹ڵأظŷͷ˰ʦޱϲ͹ػﺰӰ壬ݼʦ
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ŷЦ˰ʦ֮󣬱ǰȥһ֣ʮҩУȻָҩ˵Щ͵Ҹһ֮ڣЩҩҩ붼Ƴһݳҿ𷣵ġ
ʦģӱ֤񣡡
Ȼʮüҩһֻһµʱ䣬ͱÿƳһݳƷǳޣҲԼǳģⶼɲ˵ĻҲͲ䵱żʦĵˣ
ţʱȻȥѼﶼһ£Ȼٵɡ
ŷЦŵͷȻתͷԳ̻˵ϣھͰСԺԱٽԺӳԺסɡ
ŷ嵹Ҳûб˼Ҫϲ徲ԼСԺҲûԷˣΪŮͰķȫϷˣ


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ΪŷĵӣôܵȥסһʦͬСԺأǺܲΪ
ǰ̽Сϰ˼򵥣Ҫô鷳ġ
СҲ˵
ֻ˵ʱлһƬɣΪʱδӸղŵ¼лعԴڻһƬκġ
ĵӣ
⣬ʲôһָ
СôҲû뵽ԼĵܵܣȻһ
ȻиľΪܵĻϲˣĵӡҲְ֪֪󣬻˳ʲô
˵ˣŷҲͲٶˣСˣ֮˷ܵػؼ׼ȥˡ
ߺСҲȥԼˣŷͳ̻ϾС
ϣƵˣ
ŷʵ
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ͺãЩƷ죬ҲýʡãѷĵȼȥȵʲôʱжսʱҲܶһæˡ
İʡõģǶڴҲҪãÿ˵ķȥһ̨ף
̻ͷЦǲ֪˵ЩǿʱԪǳ׵ĳˣ£ھǺǽ͹ϵҲᱳǻҰֻˡ
ŷЦͷǾҸʱɣïԼ
͹ϵ˵ǿȫԼԪǲѣҲ׶˵ġ
˵ū֮ǲᱳˣҲ˵ĵ׾ͻٷ֮ٳҲԼǵķչҲĵļһ׶ˡ
ŷȻʲôʵ˵Ԫ鱨ĹǱ
ǵģ֮ǰӻרŹ鱨ģҲ׼˵鱨أ
̻ʵش
ŷͰڰ֣Цã鱨ܾóؼŰɣ˵ض鱨û츳ҲҪִУ˱ˡ
˵ţһЦңⲻҲԹҰֻصһϲͨô
̻ԾЦŷȴǼ˵鱨һҪãаǻҰֻص̽ӼҲһҪǵϢ͸¶ȥ
̻ĬĬͷȻ֪鱨ҪԣȻȵ˴Լˣ֪Է˭أ

ͬһʱ䣬ʢ½ȴͷӿ֮ϣ֮һƬɱ֮
ԼһʢŸ߹ܣе¶ɱеվȺǰĸ죬ȴ
ʱҲףĿһһȺɨȻͺȵأҶѾҪȥ˭սˡ
ŸȺûκβ죬Ȼ֪Ҫ˭ս
ûʢǳ¼Ħ꣬ʱʤʱܣʵѻúܡ
˻ƣشÿһ˵ĶУ죬ʢ¼һʤʱ̣ǾûǣǾûǣ֮
˵꣬㷢һŭ𣺡ôīȥͰǳ¼Һݺݵزڽ£ǣûģ
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Ⱥʱͱһŭһ߾ɱڡ
ȷ˵¼춼ĦҲʱʤʱܣʱȴʢųԿȻܹˣҪ¼һȻ˷쳣ˡ
ʿǵȺͲһЦѾһ˺ܾˣҲﻮ꣬죬ǳ״ݻٳ¼ңư¹ϽСʱ̣
Ҳһܡ
ϣ¼Ǳζ
֮ʣ̲סٴʵ
ϣרŸʢ鱨ϴ㱨ҰֻصǸ鱨ܣʻش¼ǱƺҲѾߵĶڲҲӭս׼
û⣬ԴԤϣ˵¼û춯ǲǹء
ʢڳ¼Ұ̽ӼȻ¼ҲʢŰˡ
ţ֮⣬ǳ¼쳣˰ɣ
ȷϵʵ
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ϻشúܸɴᶨ
صͷȻһȣü糱ˮ㣬һ˴С
øûзǣתʱ򣬸ղŻϣȴһΪ˲Ī⡭


382 
룬͹ĻҲǹâǴȥ¹磬Ȼշתȥ˳¼ҡ
ȼˣɱǿߣֻйȥܱ֤ᱻ¼ҵһһɱ
¼ҵĴӪҲ¼ҽ磬Դ˿ʢ½磬ߵһ㲻٣ʵνᡣ
ΣԲƾеʵ¼һʤʵҲһΪ֪ĵƵģȻⳡսʤˣҲɱһǧŰپš
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Ѿǳﻮ꣬ڲŵ׼ϣţֻҪʲôʣ¼ңӽ쿪ʼ״ʧ
һ͹ӳģһƬѹѹͷȫףֳҲʱ׼ֻƶһ£سɱ
Դ˸Ԥϣ΢΢һЦȺǰӣɹЦϳ£տɻãѽôӭǣҿ治˼
˵˵ȴǲЦɱ⣬ֻоһ仰˵̹ǵһ˺ܾˡ
ŸĻҲԽԽ࣬һѾۼһ
Ҫ˵ĻȻһսⲻˣôֻдʢ½û֮ǰҲڿʼ˵мҲֻʮ룬ʢŵ˱ȫʮ룬ɱһЩˡ
ǽϳµģȴΪ·ûп۵һ㣬Ϲ˿˿Ц⿴Ÿ죬һСģ
ԭʮģȴϳ²ԲĿСһķңһָоΣƺԼ¼ң¼Լʢţ
ѾˣòϳʼղһԣʱЦô˼˵ˣ
ҵȷǼİһЩʱգȴȴԼ
ϳ¶ʱЦ˿ûаѽսϣѳء
첻ִüͷϳµıʵЩϣѵ˵Ҳʲô԰յĵƲɣ
Ҫ˵ƵĻҲ¼ҿ϶еģȴţԷĵƣܴģ
ƣǷ꣬ŵԸ㶨ģ
£ҲԷī˿Ⱥȴ׼ϣһЦȴ֣ԷϣȻһļ
ֱøһˬʱԶȴȻһӰ
ʱȥ˾һŮǰģӵһһһŮеư֮ɫŮǱ¶ޣһ˫ֱͬһ§סĲӣһԷʱʱĦһ£ֺꡣ
ȴעԭüǣһʼϲЦޱӣģӦ˵Ļ
Ǿȵķ֣Ϊ˵ڳǿ֮ˣȻһΪǿߡ
ɵһˣۺʵ˵սʤӦһڱԴ߻㹻ģǣȴսʱ̣¼ҵһ㲻ԼĻԼⷽذɣ
ѵǳ¼ҵĵˣ
аţֻЩɻǣֻ꣬˭أ
Ϊߵ֪Ҳǿģø첻ȻԼĵǿǿǶԷȴһ֪ϸ硭
ԷĳǿͨԱҲͰˣвԱҲûʲôϾɱôҪˣЩר鷳
ǣȻֹˣаٷ֮ʮŵĿܣĳĹүʲôġ
ʵЩѰˣҸΪҪǣ׼õĵƣþʹùԷ
ϾԷô˵ҲһڱԴߣԼֻĽ۷壬ȻԼԼĵģǡ֡
ѵҪǱȥ
һʱԥһ¶һֳɣĪ⡣
ϣ㲻˵κ쳣𣿡
ͻȻתͷʵ
Ҫ˵ĻҲǣҲǾ棬Ϊ̫ϵ鱨ˣΪʢ鱨Ӧǲʲôģȴ뾹Ȼǳôһ
ңҪͷ⣬һս׼꣬غʢһս
ţңҲ֪ߵһֱڶŵģ¼ҽвϵԱÿ춼ʲôԵʲôˣҶ֪⼸ˣ治֪Ǻʱİ
ֵ˵
ߣѵǴϵĲɣ
ϵĻ췴ǸΪˣҪƽʱӣһŰϸ߳ȥˣ
ǣʧְˡ
ϲȥƱ磬æͷ
һҲЩãͲ󣬾֪ϲǳﵹҲһ㡣
֮ʣҴеǰҲ˵ʲôˡ
ԥʲôֱɱȥǣǳ¼ң
һжۣһͬǸҰ򣬲֮ദòǢͺñȵߵ佫֮ٶЩìһ㡣
ΪҪǣ˵ΪҪĸһ㣬ΪĽĩڣǿΪһһңദǢǲż˹ˣ
ٿˣŨüֵۣģ߸߹һվͺһͷһ㣬Եú׺
ǰֱɱȥɣֵǶѾȲˣ
ͱԥ˰ɣҵþûѪˣ

ۻһ䣬ǺЩͣһʱһĥƲƣ޲ھͳǰȥһ
µûȴǲɿЦ
ҲھͳǰȥһǣԷĵƲһڱԴ򣬸һݲĹүҲɵġ
ǻưĹү
ɱǸʲô⣬ҲӦò鷳ϾһױԴСͲʲôʵ£ԳЩ̵֮⣬ǲʲô鷳ġ
ưͲͬˣ˵ɱˣսһ¶鷳竹ӣǵģҲôһɡ
ǸӦòҿǻȥٴӳɣ
һԵȴͻȻ˵ȻҲǵеĹؼأóȻ
׼ͷͬĻأȴĻһֱϵĶ۾ͲɲмһǱĵصС͵Сô
˵꣬һһǳģ˵ΪôСôԼˣȻȥӳ飿ޣ
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ʱŭ˵붡һֱìܣôǰԼӣͷһأҿģҲƺƽΪͬ񡭡񻹴㼤棿
ҲЩɵؿ˸ոˮĶһۣɻöﲻɶʱһݣٶ԰֡
ҧгݣҲһû̫࣬ϾⶡۿʢŵԪϼˣìδҲʲôɵ˼
ͬⶡ۵뷨
ղŻͷϣͻȻͿ˿ڣѾﻢˣǸЩ򵥣ǸڱԴҲЩ֣ǾʹǱصĻǶʢŵĺʿһشִҲþͻսʧС٣
һ˵꣬Ĭˣȴһ̾γ᲻֪ף
սУսԹǴɣ˵ԼʿһĴ˵Щʧ߾ͻԴ˳ʢҲǲһ飬ҲǸһֱԥɵԭڡ
˵˵ô࣬ʱȴֻǹһӶѣǸŮӣһư꣬Ҳպϳǰ
ү鷳ˣ
ϳ¹һЦҲûȥɫ׵ĸ죬ĵæǰЦ
ٿ飬ЦЦúֵܺĹ֮ɫ׾پܿó
ţֻҪǼǵ֮Լǡ
ưͷȻתǸŮͿ֬գĮȻˣоһ˿ȻǼ죬ȻԼԵȫǡ
ǽһһȫȻûа⼸˷һ㣬þǳ죬ǰȭͷͷһð
ֻǣǵһ仰ȴǽڶˣ֮ǰϳ˵仰˵ôһ仰ѵڼƻŹԼʢŵļƻˣ
ߣȴûɥʧǣ˵ĻҲ˵Լʢţ˼ҵƵˡ
Ҳǲ֪¼һֱλԼʢţΪƣǲܵ飬ǣĳ֣ȴԼʵЩˣԣǼƻҲһˣ϶λʢţһĻ
뵽ͲɻͷһϣȴǵʹԴԼ鱨˴ʧ󣬺
˺üҲ֪˿̲ʱתǸư꣬ͻȻһЦȭλӹգ֪ʢ빫ӷ˺εᣬùҪأ
ǻ㲻ԷҪԼʢŵĻôϥȥֺãǴǸԼҶģңҲֻᱰϥֺõˣ
ȴĻǸ꾹Ƿ͵һмЦư㣿㻹֪ҵ֣
ٳȣҲŭҿԷӣҪʢˣȻˣǾһսǣ
ߣȻ˵ҲͲˣʢ¼ҵĶԹ㵱Ҫ𣿡
ЦҪҵĹ˵ģȻܲˣ
Ǹʹ˵
˻һǳ¼ҽˣϳ±ˣ϶ǱɫȴһԷǿֻҧҧû
¼ҽЩˣԼûĻ֪Է϶ԼܹǵģҲֻиŭԣӲŭѹˡ
ȻҲһ˿ûʲô裬Ϊ˷ܣǿʳǿΪ̸ʲôϲϵģܱϴȻȥ
һʱ䣬ЩϵıνǱ¶̬ǹϣȴΨȱ١
쾲ؿŭ⣬գ۱ظƽϳ£ﲻ֪ôģͻȻһ
ѵϺ͹ͱȲҪ
һ̾յĶ֣һ൱صһ֣ȴҲвᣬԭǣҲѾʱ䳤ĥ⡣
Ҳǲһ
ڸﰵ̾ϢʱǸٴ
̧ͷؿǸ꣬Ϊ˲֪Ͻλ֪Էʲộ
ȻһЦ㱳ǿ󣬵ǣҸԸȥҲԲȥ֮
˵Цһоţң㵱ΪʢĲɣ
һ䣬Ȼһ֣һ糤̵С֪ʱͳУȻ˲󡭡


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һ˲Ĵ󵶣һֱȻޱȵ꣬Ҳǲʧе
ϳԼ¼ҽ˾͸˵ˣһ¶֮ɫ鱦һǹ͵ģ
ϳ¸ҲѣҺþ緢˸ĹͼȻ˹ȻԼ¼ңпܾʹ˸
ŶԷԱɫ飬ȻһЦ
鱦ô˼ĵˣľʢʮ֮ŵĲƲΪǰЩ귢һϡƷСͽ򣬻޷ⶥ鱦
ӵ鱦ټΪ似в͵򣬶ԸڻҲЩģΪӵж鱦
߼鱦̫Իã붥鱦Ҳֻһѣǲˡ
÷͵˵ɣ鱦ҲǸ߼鱦屶ϣ鱦Ҳͬˣ鱦ʮԴ˵Ҫǿһֹ
ҸΪҪǣֻ֮ͨǵںϵıԴ˵ʹǸΪӦ֣һĻսʱʩչֻ١
Ȼִ֮ĶôҲֻһսˡ
ִʢ˶ܣҲѶϵˣ֮˵Ҳͬһݽɫһ¶˾ģǾֻƴһսˡ
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˵Ͷ˶٣ĿԶؿ˵ΪЩЩǰȥռǹϽڵС磿
üɻص磿ӦðɣĹһǲܲһġ
ƫ֮⣬಻ܲߴ飬ߴҲܲ飬磬ҲͬܲС飬ѵЩ絨ҷļɻ䣿
ЦҡҡͷصԣЩȷǲϲС飬˭֣Ҫ֪С棬Ҳκ綼ģͱʢţ¹͡
˵ʱͲˣ˼ҲѾˡ
ԲǴʧɫȻɣʢš
ʵ޷¹磬ȻʢŵҪ֪һȥ¹磬ضܵˡİ
ңԼΪʢŸ߲㣬ôδֹ
뵽Ͳɿ˸죬֮ɫ
㲻ÿңҿɲ¹ˡ
Ȼһ۵ĺ壬һЦϸӦһȻ˵£ԲκἰʢȻ¹Ŀܣǣÿһ꣬ҿɶҪϽʮ߲ʱԴʯɹģ
ȻΪʢܹưôãû¹簵ֺ֧Ĭ£ͱ˸ˣ
ʱĬȻԣСܴļֵ綼ǳģôߣѵǾû˭СԴۺ
Ҳ˵ǿ߰ɣֻһĩڱԴǿߣҲ˲߸ʢˣǣôΪûһǰأ
Ҫ֪ʢţ֪ģһܴ߲ʱԴʯղ˵ĻҲ˵ʢϽĽ磬һ꣬ʮ߲ʱԴʯ룡
Ǻεȵĸ˶Щǿߣôܲۺ죿
¹һֱڰбǣ
˵ʢŵľʦⶼģֻһ룬ܹеĵˡ
˵ͷ̾һҲʣ˵֪ʲôʵ㻻λ˼һµĻˡ
ԸƿһӵǿʱпͻƵ߽ףԼвԸƿһǿֻĽױԴߵأһ㣬ļֵÿ¹ϹıԴʯɶһģ
˵ﻹ᲻ףЦͷôҲû뵽ԼôõʢţȻﻹô
ǾͲϢȥҪһȥˡˡǻڵһʱ¹İ
üɻʵ
ǺǣԣʢţҲֻҲ֪£Ȼڻ㡣
ʹЦ
ǡʲôʱ򣿡
˿죬ɻǼǵոռʢŵʱʢűֻƹһΪͨС磬Ǹʱ¹ܲͿʢŰɣ
ȵɳһزͻ˰ˣңͻƵĽĩڣƿ˵һԴḻСʱ򣬱¹ϵġ
һ֮ǰһսκģǲκλɵģ붼û룬˵˳
¹Ͳй¶ܣһҪ˵˳ȥ¹Ǿˣ
ü˼˺һЩһԵ֪£Ȼٴηʵ
Ϊÿҽӵˣ϶¹û˿ϵģй¶˳ȥΣûʮ֤ݣȫԷϣǡˡҲж¹ֹС飡
ңһӶ⣬˿һ˵ȥ⣬Ҳȡķ
һڲ裬תͷӺǶȥԵķϢ󣬾ͼһС
˵ʵڵȷǱЩϢ𾪵ˣƺҲӦƫЩһ仰ߣжԲߣ
ˡȻġ쵼ǣĸ磬ĸں͡ˡŸɣˡˡµĹأ
˵ĵķҽǿĻôˡµ򣬱Ƿҽ綼һأ
Ϊҽ磬ǡˡһҪϣ߿˵ҽ磬ǡˡĴʼ֮һ
Ĵʼߣʮϵ硭
ĳԱһߴ硭
룬ǿһˣ˭µĹ
ǲˣ
ȻҲֻ˵ϵģЩΪԱߴ磬ԸЩ˵Ĺ
νġˡµνĹֻԼЩͨߣСİɡ
򣿱ͬƫЩҵķɣǸλߴ汣ݻģ

һ֮˳Щ飬غ˿ȻʵصȻ¹簵бǣôʢű٣ȴܲˣ
ҲֻԶԣֻĸǿҪռǵ¹Ż棬ĸΪԹǣֻҪҪռǵǶܣ
¼֮սͲͬˣǣǳ¼ʤ¹Ӱ죬ϹվɣȻ¹ҲûǸйǵˣ
˵¹˽С飬Ҳûй˼ɵģÿһΣðһķգҵսпܻᱻˡˣǾ͸ǵˡ
һ̾˵
Ȼص˵ͷüͷǣǸ꣬ƺǳ¼ҵ˰ҲСˣôᡭ
жʱһ⣬ȷǸȷǳ¼ҵˣҺпĳˡ
Ҳ²⣬¼Ӧǰﱻ걳ˣĿ꣬룬Ӧ¹ɣ


388 
¹磿
ʱʹһȴôҲ벻ͨǸ걳Ŀ¹磬ϳ¼ʲôôأ
Գ¼ҵǵƺ¹һѶɣ
ԣ¹磡
϶صͷ˵Ȼ޷ǸΪλ¼ңңҹƣҳ¼ҲҪó¼ȥ¹սͼıʲôͼıҾͲ֪ˡ
˵Ͷ˶٣¶һ˿Цϲ²ͳͳȷҲֻǸһʱģϳ¼ҽҲ˵Ͼµүǣǣ
Ͳ˵ˣΰɣЩѾû˸ϵʢû䣬¹ֻͲǣԣĿǰΨһҪĺͿǵģؽʢţ
ڸȥĸסҲǸ°ɣ߰ǧ˵ĳס߲ʱԴʯһհ
ͳüص
ո˵ȥϽڵС磬϶ǲеģҪ˵һڣǵν߰ǧһͬǰȥرĽ۷ΪӴǸضһܣ
粻ɣǸСҲ϶кʢŵǰǿڣҵʢš
ذɣ
ˣ֮£ƺ˼¹֮⣬Ҳֻȥռ¹ϽڵСһ·ˡ
ĵǣֺγ֪أ
ֻǣһʵû뵽ʲô취԰״ģ
Ȼоһæ˵㻹ǲǵûҰֻأ
Ұֻأ
΢΢ͷȻ˼ҪȥҰֻأ
ûȥҰֻصĴӪӻ翴˿Ǹǲ˵㣬Ҳ̫ƶ񤣬Ҹ鱨ƺҰֻػͦеģԣҾ롭
˳˼У濴Щ⶯ּһѻ˵Ǿֻһ·ΪǡˣǸҰֻȻǸոճãӻǷǳȵģңʵҲֻܹռĽ硭
˴Ͳٶˣǳˣξ񣬱㲻ˡ
˼˺һ󣬸ǵ˵ͷصҪѻҰֻصʵ̽ˣʢţһҲ䲻ˣ
˶٣ֽ˵˵ĵȷõ·ǹռҰֻأǳ¼ɱ϶ǻеģֻҪ˵Ұֻصȣټж鱦֣Ҳǲǳ¼ٴһս
˵ʱ򣬸оðܻ棬һ˫ͷСȭðģȻԳ¼ǼΪŭ
İȻϱǸ߷ˣǹ緢ԲϣǶ¶ǲ֪ǵģԣЩԭ鱨Աǵˣ
֤Щ鱨ԱƺҲѾڻҰֻǱȽϳһʱˣ죡ֻҪ죬Ҿȫȫ׵׵İѻҰֻصľʵŪ
ãһжۣ֮ҿɲ﷭˴
Ȼվоصȵ
Ҳ֮վ֣صص˵ͷȷͬ˵εĹƻʧ˵Ļôʢţǻ̼ٲ֮أ
ˣһսֻɹʧܣ

ԹһͽζĴͣŷ裬ǰ̵ֿĹζ
Ĳˣȷڴʦģʣϣ˭ܹ̺ζĲأ
ԣɴʦͷʵ
ŷа뵽
ŷ壬ûԴʯˡ
Լ˺üοڣѬ˹ǳȻС˵
ŷ΢΢ͷԴʯǽ׻֮⣬ǿԸӿָԴ֮ģԼÿ춼һ߲ʱԴʯţȻڲôһΪһ߲ʱԴʯ˺ü£ֻеʮ֮һѣ
֪߲ʱԴʯ̺ŶôıԴ֮ˡ
ûжʣŷ巭־óһСƤһٿ߲ʱԴʯݸ˳ɡ
ɽӹӣһ仰û˵ȻЩκ죬ȴһȻΪղŹŷ˵Ǿ仰еߡ
ҲԣԼһĩڱԴߣǧĵľɫŮȥϵΧȹŪû¶պͺֻ̿Ϊϲҷ˵ζץסθȴ˿飬˭˭˲
ȻɸģҲֻǶԼΪζ츳֮еίܰա
һ£ԼȻƺҲֻһĵǵҲֻܹºѣʲôζӪʲκݹϵ
ɲһԵ˱ԴʯߣŷЩεؽסʵ㻹û˵أҪĻͺһͬȥ¹ɣ
ȴŷ⻰æתߺߵߣҲŲ˵ˣ
¶һװͰ͵ģŹŷݺݵؾŷ壬Ҿ㣬˽Բ̽ҵΪȣ͵Ҫ͵ĻҾ͡Ҿ͡
˰죬ȴεط֣ƺԼûʲôܹвģﲻйŷǳǳЦ󣬾һҧݣŭҪ͵ҾˣһӵķҰˣ
˵꣬Ҳŷ壬һŸƤѩ°ͣͬİ죬ԼԷȥ
ŷʱŴͣвǡÿ°
һЦŷĵ׾Ͳɵһ˿ůȻ֪Լʲô˼ǡ
ͷ
ɣȷʦѦ̼ĴŮ綼ҲŮرֶ˫ʣһݣ
ԹӢ۰ˣҪ˵ԼûкøУǴ˵ֻԼȴѱεӰռԣ۳ȥƺԼĸоҲֻںøжѡ
˵ֺøУررõ֣
ȻɲԼ֪ΪȣҲˣ֮ŷҲţɵٶȲͶˡ
׼ʼ޸ҩͻȻԶӰͼҴҵس߷˹ŷ㶣ͣеĶ
˷ɵСԺſʱͽȻּææ߽ǼС
ǳغԪˡ
ţأƶɲ⡣
أŷЦǺǵص٩
ֻҪƶԼСԺܻҸǰ˵˼ˣҰֻص˶֪ضԺƶ⡣
ֻǼһֱѹںƶͷҪٴνµһθ飬ǽǸˣΪĸ˱𣬷޿ܣ


389 ع鱾
ŷ٩ĻضʱΣεУŷ徹ȻؿȻôһɬһۡ
ùŷ˲һֵĴүǣĺȻˣһ
ŷһëȻ
첲ƽһֱļƤ񣬹ŷЦʵʲô£
ŷĻʱ˳أɫһԹԪһɫԪ˵ͷæ˳η˵Ұųȥ鱨Աڸղţ֪һʢйصĴ£
ʢţ
ŷЩˣû˵ʾ˵ȥ
鱨Աı棬һ֮ǰʢ¼ҷһսĽȴʢŴܡ
иһĸ£ĽĩΪĶۣԼʢŵ鱨ܣĽ׳Ϊϣ׷ڸ켴ʤʱͻȻѱ䣬¸˻ԡ
һĸΪ˾¸̷˼Ǳҩʢµڻ³ɹ¹磬ɻ¹һùڡ
ⳡսȻʢŵߣֻʣ°ǧңͬ¹ϢҲûκζ
һ˵꣬Ԫһߣȹŷ巢
ϢȷùŷǾȣ¼ģԴϴ֮󣬳̻ϾͰ¹ϽڵЩ˵ˣ벻޵ʢţȴ䵽أΪ˵ģҪʤľ棬ȴΪԱ󽫵ͻȻѱ䵼ȫ̽䣬ԵúЩ̡
һ֮ǰ
ŷ͵ؿ˳غԪһۡ
ȻŷҲ֪ҰֻزŸոս鱨϶ǲֵģǡһ²ŵõϢ
ЩȻҰֻػС͵õϢɣ
ҰֻһȱǮȱˣ鱨Ļ˲
ҪôģһʲôͼԻҰֻزĻԼһֱ˼ҹڹ֪Է˭
ȻŷֻǺƽһۣػõ㣬Ԫֱŵú䤱ȴû˵κηĻһǲңǣ˵ҲûƤ˵
һ²ŵõϢ鱨úܺãܺã
ŷ˵
أֵĳأЩԪһʱ֮䣬ͷ̧ˡ
ӣŷҲǲ֪˵ʲôˣϾ鱨һϲͨ᲻ʲô
Ҳ֪Ԫ˵鱨Ϥǣȴ̫ڽˣһ㣬ƽʱﶯܿ
һ̾ŷͶԪ˵鱨ҪģҪôСҪôС΢Ĵ󵨵ȥȱǮˣҺƶҪȱˣҳ̻ȥҪ鱨Բ˿и
ǣһŬ֤Ҳʧ
Ԫ̧ͷ˵ȻЩ֮ɫĿȴᶨ˲٣ΪԼٲ鱨ĻԼʧ
ţû˰ɣǾȥɣסһҪ鱨ȵ˼Ҵˣ֪Է˭
ŷٴ֣ض
غԪ˾ͼᶨص˵ͷ鱨ȷǸеʧ档
˻֣뿪󣬹ŷͲ΢΢ü
ʢ˴䣬ȴûѰС³һֱ¹磬ѵûطȥ
ǣıʲô飿
ŷָʶӷϵţаת
ȻȻһ
һĽ磬ʢſ϶ǿϵģ¼ûǸȥռˣԣֻʣһ㡪
ֻſʢڶʱϣǵʵԹռˣ˼֮£ҲֻʣһܱȽʵˡ
¹ϽµСвֻ࣬ѣݹŷ֪оһ˳¼ң˵ֻʣˣҰֻأñ֮һ
Ȼֻǲ²⣬ŷȴò鱨λֻ˲ܱ֤ʱʢѡԼҰֻغ㹻׼ձ󣬶ʢţŷ岻κδ⡣
뵽ŷȴǲЩڻҰ½ʦɷҪԼҰֻص鱨ĻŷоԵģܹڶʱھͳһ޴鱨磡
ڻҰ½ʱ򣬹ŷ̵ɱ鱨жôǿģĸǳأĸ䣬ɱ鱨ݵ㣡
٣ҲԲ㣬鶼һˣԪųٳٵõϢ
һ룬ŷЩ಻ס뷨ˡ
ϤҲҲԼǰΣգֻҪǲ߳ҰֻصΧӦòʲôΣգ
ϾҲһŮˣúõôãû˸ϣѾ˵һС
˵ԼһӶͣǰĻѵԶ߳Ұ½Ǹ֮أ
δҲ̫˽ˣ
ңʲôΣΣѵԼĵ˻ˣĿǰԣƺͽ˳ºǸΪĵˣ
кƶǸˣЩˣûһģ
ηηβɲҹŷأ
ŷһЦȻԼ׷ôԽǿ󣬷׷Խأ
ĶΪǰܲ᫿ԨΣ
˻һֻΪ˲ܵ˺ܵ޵ĻأҲԼҲԸ⿴ġ
Щ뷨ϵǻڹŷļ䣬뷨Ҳᶨ
ȻԼѾͣ˼µľͻȻͻĳԼ뷨ͨ͸ļᶨľ֮ˮ͵سһ谭Ȼֻعƽ
ŷʱȻգգۣû뵽ԼֻǼᶨһԼ뷨ٴλع˵ĶΪľľȻôͻˣ
ľȷΪµģֻһССȻ˴Ľչ
ȻŷҲ֪Ҫԭ򣬻ΪԼ̫̬ˣҪһĻǻع鼸ǧαģľҲκζ
漴ŷ鿴ԼľͻƳ̶ʱȴ˲Ŵͣ޷š
ԺУֻƯһʣ̬
ȷǱ̬ŷȫû뵽Լعһ±ľͻľû뵽ľͻƣȻ˾޴
ľȻȻһӾͳĩڣ
Ҳ˵ԼһľͻƣֱӾ˺ü׶Σ
ϴľͻƵڳ̶Ҳ㣬ǻǹ鹦ڽľȴǸֱͣӾ͸ŪĩڣһȫƾԼͻƣ
ŷоԼԴһңǲǰʵ
ٺٺ١ǺǺǡ
ͻȻһ˷ܺ͵ԵЦͻصɽ֮ڣ˾޴ͻƣԹŷϰԼ̬Ҳһˡ
Ҫ水ֱ̬ٶȥ꣬ԼͻƵ߽ϵΪ˰ɣ
ŷǵ뵽ֻ꣬꣬ԼͻƵ߽ΪһȵԼ߽Ϊʮ֮£˭Լһ֮У
Ȼˣǻ˼ɸ


390 ʢϣ
˴ģڹŷȻȥǽӹҲȵԼǸߵͽܣԼƶǸ˸ɵ˵
ΪŷԤУӦñǽʱ䣬֮ضһҹͬʱҲǲܵġ
ڣŷΨһҲΪ֮ĵƣƿҩˣֻҪƿҩôͬʱǿߣԼη壡
οƶĳ˲һΪ
ȻηǿߵĹҪڶԷûж鱦ֻûоżʮԴǰ£Ͼҩ޸ڼ䣬࣬ҲֻǱȶ鱦ǿôһѡ
Ǳв֮⣬оʢˡȻֻǲ²⣬ȴаٷ֮ʮĿܻҵԼҰֻһĻǾ͸Ӳȥʦǽˡ
ֻҪвһŷڵһʱȥҰ½ƣʱҲᳬꡣ
ŷ壬ôˣʲôôģ
ղŹŷǸЦʵڹ⻹ǳѦŮһŷЦģֺЦ˳ɻʵ
⣬ŷֹסֿ죬õģŶãԼľȻһ¾ĩڣ
Ǻ˵໰Ĺŷ壬ڶ̲סһֵ໰
˵ѽʲôأ
ŷһվǳƤɵЦɾȲʵ
Ϊùŷ˷ܵ飬ǾͱضǷǳֵüĴ£
ɵʻѦºҲǽŹŷ壬Ͼǲؾ¶˷ܵɫ
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ŶҲûʲôǸղһСģľͻƵĩڡ
ŷƽϵĵ⣬˭ó
⻰һŮʱ͡
һСġľ͡ͻƵˡĩڣ
ŮʱԹؿŵĹŷ壬Ѿ˵һ仰
ǿ֪ŷΪԴߣƺֻʱɣ
񣬾ͣͻƵĩڣ
˵ľͻƣȫλͻƣǡ
Թŷ̬ľͻƵĩڣΪܸϣ
£ֻҪĸ£ȫȫĩڰɣ
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ǵѾڹŷġݲСޱǿ𾪹󣬾Ѿع
Ȼ𣬸ղųغԪ˹ˣɾʵˣŷ壬ղҸǹʲô𣿡
ŷ˼Ƭ̣ǰѸղǴϢ˵һ飬Ȼ˵ԼĲ룬Ůʱ˼С
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ΪŷϢûأԹŷһïͷټ
Ӱæ˳ŷ忴ïβסϲ⣬Цʵôˣʲôôˣ
ˣİ£죬ķɹͻƵ˸߼鱦𣡡
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ŷʱ˫һïΪڽڱͻƵڣа˼֣ⷨͻƵ˸߼ֻҪߣһĽߣǲڻµġ
ܺãԭһЩĵģⷨͻˣҲûʲôõĵˡ
ŷ岻صͷïͳ̻ϵɻ󣬾Ц⼸죬÷ʢŻǡ
ï̻϶ʱһغԪȻǵһʱ֪ͨ˹ŷģǶ˻ï˵ǲ֪
ʢţôǣѵΪϴξܾ𣿡
Ȼ̻Ͼǲʵ
˵ʵҰֻǿǿˣչٶҲԿ٣ŶãѾСν졣
ֻǣ˵Ӱʢ¼ҳưСҲһˣէһȻҰֻأﻹȣ
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ŷ˵ƶҲԷ΢΢ͷԶһȭȻȥȥˡ
ŷԶü˼Ƭ̺ҲٶƬ̣ԼСԺȥղô˵ǰοï˵ģվˣҲ󣬾Բɵģ
ǹ֮ǰҩƿأǱαQҲνˡ
˵ʱǲԼҪȥأ
ǿһ󱦲ذֻҪ˸չ鵽Ұֻ
ҡҡͷٶ룬صԼСԺ֮󣬹ŷʼ޸֮á
Σɸƴˣϣܹһʱ䡣

޺ۣʱҴҡ
գ͸ۣ
¹ڣǸùݣҲǸ䡣
ԼļԴ߶ȸİš
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ҪΪŷǿױԴߵİ籾Դ֧֮ţȻٶҲȻ˿ٵġ
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˿죬ҩɢĲҲǵ˼ޣǣǻôһ˿˿ܹƿأùŷһΡ
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391 ʢ£
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ŷû˵ֱվһͷɵ֮ϣȻһ֣һȵطɵӻ紫͹Ļſڡ
ڸ컹ӵһ鱦飬ŷǰѾõԪĻ㱨ˡ
Ǵδսôǰó˶鱦Ȼ޷ڸǵģ֪£Ҳѡ
ԼҩûȫƿأԹŷҲòԴô˵ԷҲһĽ۷ߣǵȼ鱦һǹģһСģȫ̽䣡
ŷȷ˴͹ĻһȺҲҳɣ׷׳ĬŸ˹ŷϣԽԽصս⡣
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һĶߵĻֻѹȣ϶͸ģΪȻҪ˵ֱӾͻᱻѹһң
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򣬹ֲãֲԶΪܿһĽױԴߣд˵ȶֻҪԷͬȼߣ˭

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һЦԼûиԷκãһ˲˻ȥ
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ڿŷһɲǣѾˣΪǰûκ꣬ǱԿЩˡ
ԺľΪҪģ


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Է棬ԶЩνſɱˣһоŷͣоͷһѣΡ
һ֮̾˿ûȥشŷĻӢʵ̫ˣ˵ӽӣҲǺְ
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ͽȴֻܱڣûʲôܵˡ
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һ䣬ŷĶҲʱֹͣԼڳ˿ȥʱ򣬶Ȼһ˸ǸоСһĿɿڴ


395 ʤף磡
ֻôŵ˫ȣصͷţھС񲻵һ֮һֻűԴ֮Ľţͣ
ΪľԸûֵķˣֻҪֻôһĻ
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ɼ˵ҲûΪʲôƺûʲôǹŷ첻ģԹŷһֽäĿΡ
ŷȴǿЦˣ벻ǾȻôԼԼĵûٵ»ˣȴʤף硯׼ˣ

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ŷ΢ЦŶ˵ͷǴкˣȻߵλ죬ï̻ϵڹŷҲ£ڳɼŮȻ˹ŷࡣ
ٿʱ֮ϣѾǲ鳯˷ߣǶֻǷɵӽһ״Ծؽʾλ߲ء
˶Ҳ֮󣬹ŷͶ˾Ʊվ΢Цɨڳһۣһ󼤵
꣬ԾĻҰֻأ㷢չģԹŷĵȻҲȼԺ


396 Ե˼ά
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ǣʤʤˣ޿ɵģ˵ģǴӽ쿪ʼʢŴӴ˲ڣֻлҰֻһɣ
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ŷĶͷֳһܼĺ飬һ棬ģǱġ
ΪܹĸоҩĲѾ۷״̬ǿϡƷǱյֻʣôһˣ
һֱŷ嶼ûгƿҩźѣԼս˺ü㱣ϣΪսԵʱ򣬻кܴĹ˼ɡ
ҪԼƿҩĻôһΣգҩͻƻ޷ҩռĽƣҪ㱣ϣôԼ˷ìܵʱֻҪߵҩһգûκι˼ɣκԼ飡
ҲǹŷΪصһ֮һɣ
ʱһһĹȥУҲػ谵
ԶѾѷãȴŹŷȥԷ
͸ȴûκβ㶵ؿŹŷϥĲӰ
һϼҫڹŷϣڳڳۣ޳ͦεˣ͵Ĳ
һеһУƺ˳޻룬ʱЦʱʱ
ɲ֪ǣĳһ䷿ĴһǣһС˫ӶųɵӰ¶˿˿ϧ֮ɫ
½㣬ɽĺó飬ȴֺÿ
һѹ˵˵һòŮӡ
һŮԾͲһ̾ǰ̫ˣɹŷȴѾӡ
˵ٴ̾˿֪˵ȥˡ
ЩദǱ׽ûףģȻޱȣ£ȴ޷ȥֹŷ壬Ҫ˵ĻҪ̾רһ
һ룬ŷپ˳ɾͣǱǾ춯صģ˵ӽˣǱЩνţһ檣
檳Ⱥǳ
ŷأȴΪӣܾκ˶ܾ˵ľɫŮӣ˵˵䷶ˡ
治֪Ǹεĵ׳ɫ˺εȵزȻɽ㶼ûκȥ֮ᣡ
֮ǰǵЩŵζΪʵ޷ϣ׻ʲôŮӾȻܹȵùɽģ
ҪеĻǣֻɫʲôزأ
ԼǴδʶŮӵġ
ǰѵ䣬µľŮ𣿡
Ҳ޷š

˶һ̾ٴο˳ɵıӰһۣ׷תȥ
£ɲܹܵģ۳ɣҲû취顣
һУֻɳԼ


398 ڶδУ
飬ԹŷǿĿһİõľԣȻ֪ġ
ʱҲûȥЩˣΪҩգѾʱ̡
ֻҩ֮ϣһ˺һɫŷܹظо˿ҩڵǿϡƷѾֻʣָôһˡ
һӣܹȫոɾ
ԣؼʱ̣ŷϾˣȫעעҩĶʱ׼ԼľҩĲϡ
ˡ
Ȼֻһ죬ŷͷ͵һ𣬺Ȼ˫ۣһ˫йâһҩǰֱתһ߲֮ɫ
߲ʣǬרȻҲĴ߲һ֣ǳϵ
ŷβסе˷֮ɫôˣԼһ죬ƿҩĻᣡ

ŷеľޣæǿѹͷļʩųʼҩںϡ
ʱҩĲȱݣʢŷľֻһӴ໥ںһ𣬶һ˲䣬ѶϢˮӿ˹ŷԺͬõ֮ʱҩҩȫӿԺ֮еĸоһ޶
ڹŷľǿƥҪǸһˣͱӿӴϢŪ˹ȥˣŷҲоһʹ
ҧҧŷϽ˫ۿʼȫЩѶϢʲô似ս飬սַ似ľԼ似һһ֡
ŷʱʹסˡ
ʵĥΪεԼܴʱֻҩĴУģᶼûᡣ
Ҫ֪һҩ֮⣬ͬģ۷֮һ
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⵽ôһˣʦûУǣ洢ҩ֮ڣһԼƿҩ֮ô⴫ҲԶ
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ҩУֻҩĵãҩҩĵıϣԼֲҩĵȵȡ
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Ҫ˵Ļŷصģȴһˡ
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ڴ似ֻǴڸո𲽵Ĺŷ˵һé®СӣԵɺ̷һſӰ꾫ΪĴ󻹵һ˲ͳΪһʦã֪
ŷ壬ⴴ似ĵ֮󣬾͵Ǵ似еʦˣһֳʦԶԶЩͨʦԱġ
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⼸ѶϢЩвͬŷֻǿһۣ϶ʱ¶𾪣Ȼǿϲ
Ϊ⼸ѶϢȻȫǶҩƿط棬Լҩֹܣɣ⼸ֹܣԼùŷ°ͶѾˡ
ԭֻΪ⼸ܣʵ̫̬̫̫̫̬ˣ


399 ܣ
ƿҩȲֻۣЩҩĹܣŷֻоԼֱɤ۱ĳˣ
һܣȻҩˡ
ҩûʲôȼ֣֮Ҳ˵ʲôҩƣ
Ȼ⻹ùŷ𾪵ԭڣϾҩһҩȻģǻûȫ޸ҩûκ⡣
ùŷŵȴǣҩȻҩĳɹʣңǿҩҩЧ
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Ҳ˵ҩҩҲҪĻʧܣҲ˵ƾԼ˼ҩЧҩȴżҩЧ
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λҩͽܣλʷţķѩҲֻǰ˼ҩЧ
һ󣬹ŷŴ𾪺ͿϲƽһٴοȥǵѶϢȴùŷֱӸоԴһѣΡ
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ǰǾ䵹⣬֮ҩ˵֮䣬ʲôҩﶼơ
Ǿ䡮ΪԼáȴùŷЩˡ
µһνͣùŷѣεԭڡ
ΪԼãǿԽߣԴޣκҩ֮ľսڣǿΪľ
Ͷ뱾Դ֮ʯս֮УҩԴԴϵΪ֮ãǣԴ֮ʯΪӵжս
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ֹֻܡ
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ŷ峹״ˣĿɿڴؿ⡮Ĺܣ˲һƬ𺳵С
һӣŷǻعȴȻоҪǣ⹦ܣ̫ѵı̬ˣ
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ȻǰҪԼɱ㹻࣬ǣԼǾͳ˳׵׵ɱħˣ
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ңЩ֮⣬ԼжԵĵҲǿġ
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ԼҸʱ䣬רȥЩɱˣҲһʿʲôоɣ
ŷԳһЦ벻ԼȻеʿһ죡
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֮һƺҲô࣬Ǳϻö౶ԣ㲻ʲôɱˣУҲ͵һϣͲֵһᣡ
ֻҪһѣôٴεˣˣɱ꣡
ǣҲֻ˵Ϊ͵ʱѣΪԽԽߣÿһͻҪһͬߣ򣬼ɱΪԼ͵ߣҲǸ޷ͻƣ
˵ŷڵΪɣֻɱʮʮױߣʮһױԴߣֻһױԴ߲ͻƣ
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ּߣһСϲɣûκ֮⣬ģһĳв㣬Ǹ߲Ա
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볢һ±׷ɱζ˸ô
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ˣŷȴ˴㣬ֺõĹܣԼּǿΪǲ̫ϧˣ
ԣ;ʱ䣬ԼרȥѰ޶ĻԼҲһһȻͣ
۹
ŷ忪ʼ˵Ц


400 ̨
ⳬ֮⣬ʣµһѶϢȫҩˡ
Щûʲô֮ŷֻһѾˡ
ĳһȣŷƲסܡ
ȻֻһűԴʯѡ
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ΪŷıԴֻ֮൱ĽңһĲʱԴʯ̺Ѿ㹻еˣϵģȻҪȵΪǵʱʹãʹõĻһڵģͻԶʧ
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ȻʢҰֻغΪһ壬ҸҲԶڹŷ֮£ǣȴûĵԼڣ֮Ĳޣˣҩ飬ǾҪ֪ĺã
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ŮʱͷֻҪ˷ŷ徹Ȼһ֣ôԶ鱦ԣټϹŷ岻Ϊһ㻹ûʲô߻ġ
Ը˵¹ôһµʱ䣬¹粻һû
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ûԭǱ¹Ҳȱһ鱦˵鱦󣬵¹ӴԣЩ߲㣬һǷǳпܵġ
ȻΪʢŶܸ㵽һ鱦㲻
ǴЦ
ˣ鱦ǹֵǮֵǮһݵߣǲ½ȥԼ˵ҲôҪĶ鱦ġ
ҪȥǻЦ󷽣˳Ц
ȻֻǾ¹ԣߺͳºƣֻҪлᣬǾͿ϶ᶯġ
Ͼ˵˵Ǹ͵ļʦǣǮǮ˼ƾʲôҪ㣿
ҪĻÿ׬Ǯʥһ׬ģʦֵûȣ
˵ΪҲ˵ݲ磬˵ûо̵ĲܣȻÿÿ׬ȡıԴʯ϶޷ֵȵģ
Ϊʥÿۻչһɵģôܱȵʥ
ˣôǾһ鱦ûŪҪлĻǲۺ죬ǲйˣ


401 
ƶأƶûУ
ŷʵ
ûаɣƺδණȥˣҲˡ
ɾͻشȻգգĵĵۣʲôô
Ѧ¶Ů͵ЦŷٸΣŶͷ˵ʲôأȱԴʯˣ
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ֻһ룬ԴԴϵŷ˷ܡ
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ЦŷһԳɺѦµˡ衷Ҿ½һ׽似ɡ½㣬似͹似ʺģ⻹һҲó޵ıߵ似ҪҪѧ
ʵ˵Ǳ似ˣԴ似ŷԺҲ˼ʮֻ似һʩչôΪܵµߣܹһۿʲôģĿǰĻҰֻأʹּ似
𰸿϶ǲܵġ
似Ѿ޶ȣһҰֻصıԴǣܹʩչԴ似ĻôͲҪڶ죬⵽ıݻ٣޿ɵģ
ˣѧôҲٵȵҰֻسɳһĵز˵磬ɳκҪ򣬶Ҫǿһ»Ұֻط˽ʲôĳ̶ȣ
뵽̶ֳȣɣֻдҰֻռһˣֻд磬ɵȻǱѰ
ˣѾϰѧⱾ似ɾˡ
Ѧ΢ЦҡͷܾѧǱ似ѾѪУи߼ʺ似ðʧѧġ
ŷϵ˵ˣҲͲٶ˵˿棬Ȼת˸⣬Ц棬վãȰ֮Լˣ
ʱһɫһ䣬æ˵ˣ㡭
ģû˼Щһܲ˽㣡
˵꣬Ҳٴ˵֣Ķͷ֮ϣһһξѪӹŷĶͷ֮ͻȻɳȻ͵سĶͷУģҲһ̳׽
Լһֻоǵŷϵһʱʧ֪ڿʼԼһˣ
ˡлл
һ˫ӵ˲ˮеġллȴ˵ԼӴ˻ָɣллŷΡ
ŷܣɺѦ֪ģҲ඼֪ˣЩһ͸¶ȥضŷ޾鷳ɱ֮ǻҰֻس׻֮ҲǼпܵġ
ŷȴ֮ԼɣǶԵļΣ
ûʲô飬бθ˸жˡ
رǣŷ廹һԼֻһΣҲ͸ܿɹ󣬸ֵøж


402 ºɱ
Ǻǣˣ
о˿ϵɢŷЦ
ȴȴؿŹŷ壬ǳصȻǽ͹ϵԶˣ㣬޷ı䣡
ŷһû뵽澹Ȼ˵˵ʵ⻰ŷﵹů쳣
ƺѣαô棿
ŷЦŰڰ֣˻˵棬ˣԺֱӽְɣҲɣˡ
ðɡ
Σֻе˵ͷȴ޾м
ʱԼһлǰ¹
ƷǿʵҩܹõıԴʯܹ似Ǳģ
⻹ʲôΪҪǣţֻҪлᣬŷضõдԼһ㣬ΪЩѾˣԼˣŷǺޱĺã
Ȳ˵ŷᴫڶǴľɣֻ˵һ㣬ԼҲǻǳҪ֪ǣҩıĵð
ֻһ룬һǬĩڣҩĵá
²˳٣ھȹȥɡ
似ȻҪȵͻ֮˵ģǹŷ˵
ţ
ȻҲͲٶ˵ʲôˣͷ󣬱תȥ
Դʯ͸ˣҲûʲô׼ģֱȥˡ
ߺ󣬹ŷȻʲôתͷȥʯϣµģȴ͸˵ĲȻط棬һЦȻ˹ȥ
ɼŷĶΪŷˣæȵȣЩ˶ˣȥȣ
˵꣬æǰȥ׼ѷȫȡ
ˣû¡
ŷЦҡҡͷӾͳ˿ûΪԭʣϴʱȫѳԵķ˶Եýζ
ȻЩƾµĲ˶ǳѳԣһ͸ˣŷȴоƺʱԼԹóԵĲˡǱĲˣ˿̳ȴһҲΣΪʱů
ŷ岻ûûεˣڳɵ⣬Ȼ޶ԡ
ǣɵ⣬ԼȴǳܲҲ޷κγŵԣԼΨһܹģҲֻǲΪԼԭԼľ飬ġ
ŷܹؼǵãʱǸʱ򣬳εľԼʱƺҲ˳ġ
£Լ˵ǰĻǰľܾɻ᲻ʹ˳ȥһˣôһӵΪ;磬Ҳֹֻڴˡ
쵶նȻǶԳɲЧġ
ˣΪ˲ԼһΪ˳ɣԼǰˡ
ʱƣԼʼնֳĬټϽٵĵˣȻٰνӹ֮󣬳ɾܹԼ߳˰ɣ
⣬ҲǹŷһȥǽӵҪԭ֮һˡ
ڼõĽ
ɣڿŷڳԼķˣһҲûΪ͸ˣζ֮һԵۡ
ʵ֪ԼķʵǳƲζģԼҲԴ˰ޱȣһµʱ䣬ǱҲܹѲôѳ˰Լأȴûа㳤
ŷģоղǺЩСʱĵȴȫֵõģɿһЦҲߵ˹ŷ£꣬۵ŹŷһȻ͸Ĳȡ
Ѧ£Źŷȴһ˿ο֮ɫȴûмȥΪЩ޷ڣϾһҲ඼ζľζǰΪ˸ŷͳһռ䣬ʱȻȥŵġ
ԣЦһؿһһСҸĳһ֮󣬱˽ŲתԼķ֮ȥ

Թ˷ŷ徲ԺӵУ裬ûκα顣
ûҲûȥ˫ۣǿ˴͹Ļķ
ΪںҩһɲǣŷбһԤУԤòͻأ֮ǰҲһָо֪˵
ˣȻǵˡ
ŷȴԽԽǿҵԤ֮УΣǸоһ㣬ȴҲû̫࣬ԣŷҲ̫ĵˡ
ԼԤе׼ȷԣŷ嵱Ȼޱȵĵġ
ں͹ŷ˷󣬱лصԼĹ뷿ȥˣԺҲֻйŷһ˶ѡ
ҹŷҲû֪ͨïˣȻԤеΣôǿңôȻԼܹӦˣˣҲûбҪȥӭе׼
һڸ裬ŷɫȻֻһ˫ȴһ˷֮ɫڴĵˣΪһҩЩ̬ܡ
ȻǸӱ̬Ĺܣǹŷ볢Եġ
Ȼǵˣɱ϶ǲʲôģԣŷ뿴ױ̬˺̶ֳȡ
ʱţ̫ȴõĹŷȴûκμ꣬ΪԤиһ̣Էᵽ
Ȼŷ׼ٴΪԼĶ͵ͣȴ¶һ˿΢Ц⣬һεʵһ˵ԼԤе׼ȷԡ
Ȼ˶ˣŷ嵱Ȼǲ޶ˣ²һ˲ʧԭأ˲һ㣬̾ͳ֮ϣȻҲֱͣӾǵɱͰȻϢȥ
ֻӶԷһ͹ϢУŷ֪ԷˣȻǸ¼ʦĸ磬ߵͽܳºˡ
ŷ壬ӹ
һ˱ı͵ǳϿУ˿ûйҰֻضе£ǳһֲһİ
Ҳ֣ȻҰֻС統Ȼڶˣǣ׳ڱԴΪĳºУȴǲһϰĴڡ
ױԴ統вʲôǿΪС統УɵͬڳһĴˣ˵ºƣһͨͨױԴߣԺɨκС硣
ֻΣȴǹŷǰδеĳ̬
ûгƿҩ֮ǰױԴߵĻ׵ıԴߣŷҲֻܵķݣΪϵľ޴࣬Ѿıֲ̬ˡ
ǣȴƿҩ֮ȫת䣬սʤĻȻҲͬǲܵģºҪκιŷ壬Ҳͬǲܵ顣
ŷûø׼ʵԳºĥԷκβԼôºɾͳԼõĥʯˡ
սսõĳɳ
ڴţ
ŷ廹û𻰣üȱͬʱ󣬸죬ï̻ϵȫ˳еҲڷɳ˲ƴɫصؿ˴͹Ļ
ǵΪȻ޷оóºƵľΪǣֻӸղųºƵıȵУҲܹ֪ºƱضһǳǿĸ֣ԣǲòء


403 Ѱ
ïֳ֮ϣصע̬һĳºƣԽԽľ
˻õ㣬ǵΪߣҲǿºƵΪףǸӦҲȻ
ǣĽ۷Ϊĸ죬ʱȴ̬ޱȣиǽΪȻ֣Ϊ򣬾ȻҲͬ޷ӦóԷʵΪ
Ľֻԭˡ
һԷԼǿ
ԷΪҲϣ
ǵһԭĻǵûʲôԼⷽôټϹŷԼֻҪԷף˵ǻˣǻɱҲǺ⡣
ǣǵڶֵĻôľޱΣˡ
ȻԼĽ۷Ϊټ϶鱦һĩߺѹһԵߵĻߣҲǱذɵģ
λ֮Ʋǵȼ֮Աģ
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ôԶԷаȻ̬ôһµıԴ߰
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ŷûһƽɫͷȻһ˿ŵ뷨
ŷ壬ԼϵԱһ߲ɣ
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ڿУǰʱȴȥʲô뿴ŷ嵽׻ȥӦױԴߣ
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ºȻû뵽ʱˣŷȻǰģǰθ޲оͲŭߣҲɱģҪĻҰֻأŮˣ
һ˵ȴֱתĿ⣬ʱһΪѾӦ߼ٸĳɵϢ
ŷȻҲӦ˳ɺѦµĵȴûκɫȻǸȻӣϸĻᷢУѾŨŨɱԼȻĶ־
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ɺѦһͿ˳º۾ϿǸƣʱһ˵˲Լͬɵ˹ŷ󣬲ڶž˶ĵµ
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ȫ׼֮󣬹ŷȴٴ΢Цܲ£ʱ֪ˡ
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˵꣬ºҲ㲻īûóֱһͳ˹ŷ塣
ٶȺܿ죬ŷֻһ֪Է似Ҳߵȵġ
ֻŷٶȻԷѥӼӳɣҲͬˣǣȴҲ˶٣֮Ϊٶȵԭ򣬶֮ʲôĲ
ٿԷƣҲ˵ˣԭľͬһͷܵ˿˱Դ֮ޱȣһ˫ӴȰĴֱŷټһ˫ţ۵еɱ⣬ȷͦ˵ġ
ԵģȴǱ˳֮ΪĹŷ塣
ֻŷǶųɺѦ΢Ц˵һʲôȻȵŮͷ֮ŰĿת˳ĳºơ
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һ̣ԭԹŷŲĵĸˣҲǲ˹
ΪŷΪУȫѰ


404 սɳս۳ɳ
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ǲ֪ȴ֪ŷ廹һڣԣ˵ǹŷôӭˣվɳºƹҲģ
ۿԼ˫Ƽŷ˫ƹһ𣬳ºƵϾͲֳһ˿ЦѪԼм
ΪȻƽƽܹǿŷʵΪġ
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µΪŷһţӵſԱĽǿߵǣױԴУȴԵ÷ǳˡ
ңʱĹŷֶûͷųҲûóֻǹƵڳºУǸӵĲһ
ԣͲΪ
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ٺٺ٣ֽܹŶɱҳºƣһҲˣ


405 һĥʯϣ
뷨õģϧǻ롣
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ԣҲûаϣЦ⣬ٴϸ֡
ïǣҲǲԼ̷ͬͣĶ֮ǰǼŷûκηͳ˳ºƣȻģڼŷų֣ȴǰ
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Ȼ˵̫ȳºƶԵģͬ˵Ļŷһ㲻ΪҩﵱɶڳԣҪһǿ࣬ȴҲǿ̫ࡣ
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ΪľѾĩڣֻҪ巽ϵĻͻȻȻˮɵ顣
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ԣزԳºƵΪ磬ƣޱˣ壬ƣϵƣ۸ء
˵ŷȴòݣ
ĺڷֻʣ¼ϵǻܲСһ˿ڣһ˵սļҳ̶ȡ


408 ѷ
ͬģŷҲƣޱȡ
ȴֻƣѡ
Ǿ񣬻ڵǳӯޱȣºγĶԱȣͬ˳̶ǰ
ȻƣҲûһõĵطˣǣоϤĸоŷȴǲĵЦ
ȷûдʹˣ˵ȫ˺ۣЩ˿ҲʹŷоԼĻѸٵ޸˿ڣ˿ʹ㲻ʲôˡ
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޸˿ڣлָƣͣھǱḶ̣́ŷҲϤΪÿÿһΣԼʵһ
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һĻܹһһҹνһ漣ˣҪ̶ֳ֪ȵģǸһЩż׳ڱԴĻҲһֲס
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ڿ־壬ǳ˶ԼҪٵĿ־֮⣬ȴһһҹսɵĥ
Ϊÿоŷڵһգʤ֮ʣޱȹһĻٴγˣŷ弴Ĺ˲óȻԼսһ
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˵ŷǰ̶ȵĸְɣָ֣ôܻйˣԼôһأ
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Ϊǰһ̣ŷһҩȻ˿ϵ˲ҩҺǿҩЧֱӾ͵һĤ˲ѣˣŷڸ͹ȥˣͻƲҪģ
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Ҫ֪λ½ľĵڣҲҪǧһпָܻزϾ˶ŷ̬
ֹǳºưɣֻҪԹϣԼҲݵ֮⣬û˭ԥġ
һҩȥ͵һѪŬûˣ˭᲻õġ
ЩͷҲֻڳºԺ֮ǻһѣܿ㶨ͷ֪ԼٺݲĵĻһȵŷͻƣôͲ½Ϊôˣ
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ԶʱͻȻӺףصԭˡ
û˵꣬۽Ƴóҩ׼̷ĳºƣȻǣⲻû׼ɱôҩ
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ԹŷûлɱģǶЩˣǾȻǺѹˡ
̷ҩĿյ˲䱩ңҲָͬԭޱȡ
ȻֻҩЧڵʱŻˣȵҩЧһ״̬Ҳ϶ǸΪƣض˲ʹȥ
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ֻǣȴûпǣֳѪЦʱǶԭյĹŷ壬ȴȻ˫ۡ
һ˫Զͷ·޲Ĺžûκһ㲨
ԭܲ˺ۣҲ֪ӺʱʼȻȫָ¶˲ǹͭɫĽ˶ûһ˿һ֬еģֳֻյļ⡣
ʵղڳºóҩһʱ򣬹ŷѾͻˣֻûֹ£ΪҪʼĥˣ
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ŷĴ㣬Ҳº֣֮ԼֱͻƵľͬȵĩڣ
˵ò˵һ˼㣬Ҳȫܵ뷨
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Լ˵ĻҪµʱ䣬ܹȫ湮ͻƺľ磬ԼĻֻҪʩչȭţܹȫ湮ˣùŷ弫ɻ
ľôǿ󣬵ȷܾԼ츳ߣҲˣԵúǲѰˡ
Ҳǹŷһֱɻ⣬ôǰǰ飬ǲΪҩĹϵ޲ȫ񶨡
ԣֻóһпܵĽǾǣԼǹżҵۣҩ̷֮סҩ
ʱԼΪƷҩأҰҩļأҲȷƷġҩ
ҩʦȼԽԽߣҩӴԽԽŷȴǾط֣ԼƷ۷ҩʦˮ׼ȥƷҩĻȻȫ޷ƵóԼõҩЧһǲ˼ԶЧ
˵Լ̷סҩǿ̥ǵ񵤵ĻôԼƵģֻܹȥʵͨѣ֮࣬ȫͬն
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ֻǣʲôҩŷȫȻö֪ˣΪֱڣܹӴҩ棬ûҩĴڣ
Ҳ˵ҩԼҩʦ𣬻޷ҩҩĽƣ
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ų˳ºƵĸˣٿųºǱɱ⣬ŷ岻æȵס֣
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ԣһ˵Ļ֪һû˭ѡܵġ
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ԼҲؽһ˲ͱʬ
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ȻǸʱºƵҩҩЧûʧĻȻܵģҲǳºƻĴʩչնԭֻҪɱǰֵ֮ˣ;԰ȫˣ
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ȻޱȣʵǣȲ˵ܸܲϣ˵ܹܵºǰɣǵΪԣҲֻͲ˵ġ
˵ֻܹؿţǼǶâ뼺ԽԽ
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ֲѰСַ֣ǳͣһӣȻֱʹҵֱһԲЩȫ˺棬ûһ˿յ
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ֱİԲ֣ȻҲǹŷڵˣҩռıԴʯֻҲͬǾޱȣֻһͷţȻǾõϰٿ߲ʱԴʯ
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󣬾۾ûʱһɿǻذ𶯣ȻһҲ漴һжƽ
Ȼһεαˮ˵ϣ˻˫ۣ֣Խꡣ
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˼鷺֮ʱ뵽һĿɿڴĿܡ
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죡⣬Ǻεǿȵܹ
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ֻһ룬ЩԭԳ¼Ĵ޳޵ǣϵϲ֮ɫҲ̲סˣһϲЦտģŷҲ޵ĳݺ;
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ǲ֪׷ʲô飬ΪŷǵХ̫ͻȻˣرǺХеأǴΪ⣬ΪʲôΣ
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ʱúܿ죬үƺҲĵȷȷڰŹŷ塣
ⶼһСʱˣյƾȻǲ׵Ҳĸܼ;޴һСʱУ׵˹ŷϡ
ҩڣЩ׵ȫˣֻΪ׵ֻ֮εܶҩκ洦ˣȴֻǴ洢ҩ֮ڣûбҩա
Ҳʱ˫۵ĹŷȻѹƲסĿϲ֮ɫٿƣҲƺΪǿһЩ
һСʱʹ˲׵ѸͣҲֱ֮⣬һ֮ϲ
һԹŷԣϲѵ֮ϲ
УŷͻȻ֣ԼԴ׵似ǿԴϢֻϢȻ뵽ԼĵУⲻò˵ǳľϲˡ
ӹŷõͻƣľͻƣûиκһôŷҲһֱΪӦñǿˣ϶ˡ
Ǿ֮ȻͬԼ룬ҲȻӦôһ仰ûзûͲܷ
£ŷԵ仰ĺ壡
˭򣬾Ȼĵزأ
Ȼ˵˵ССĽһ㡣
Ϊֻôһ׵磬ŷȻ޷ʲôģܹнչǱһõĿʼˣ٣һ˿Ϣĵ򣬱֮ǰҪǿ࣡
ŷ廹оֻ֮ڿ뵽Уһָоֻ֮ƺܹںϵ似ȥ
ȻҲֻһָоѣûоʵ˭Ҳܶ϶Ͱٷ֮ٱܳɹֻϣûκηɣ
٣ŷôҲģ
ܳɹҲȥʲô
٣ҳԹΪŬ


416 ׵еĻ𣡣£
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ʵ͸ղҩյЩ׵ֻ֮Ҫųһ㣬ԼܹˣɢҲûκӰ졣
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һ뵽ŷ̲סи̾һⶥȻǶȻǿ˵ز׵ܹ֮汣ȻȵԼҪʱṩԼ
ʣ¼䣬һܹӵд˵Եأ
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˵׵̫ˣֱӰѹŷ˶£档
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۶Էǲǣ¶Է治ǣôҲɴɱҲŹκһ©ڣ
ֻҲֻʱ֮߶ѣ̽ӵܹô׵ĽĻҲܳΪͷޱȵˣ
ţȥɡ
Ƿǳĵģ˵ͷȥˡ
ҲʩչŴ͹Ļȥ

еĹŷ壬ڸ˵һϵжȫ۵ס
ڸ˵İţޱȵͷģȻǲԸԼܱ֪٣ڻܣ
ȵԼǿ֮Ǿνˣ˭ÿԼ
Ȼ˶׵ˣǹŷҲûʲôõˡ
ǣٴνȫתͷʼȫ׵֮е貿֣
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ʱţһʮӹȥˡ
յƣ׵磬ӵĿ磬꣬ҲƽϢ󣬻ƽ
ٿʱĹŷ壬һе֮ϣһ˿˿ϸСĵɼͬǸˡһ㣬Ҫ˿϶ֻᾪˡ
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ľˣȷǻɺܶࡣ
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˵ֻ˵Ѧ°ɣľΪ½֮ǰѾ߽ˣôΪϰԭڣҲ޲˵ˣʵҲþͻľɵȥ
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ֿܹ񼣵ķʽʣ˭˲ᶯģ
ЩŽʮױԴߣҲȻˣ
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ɴɱһҲŹһ
ΪʵСĻҰֻأֽ׶θ;һʧ
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ŷЩʱԼڡŰϸС׵磬𽥿ʼСˣҲС
ҩü׼ʱŷ״̬ȫĩ۷״̬ŷܹ϶ֻҪԼľһͻƣԼĿǰ˵ȫ˲ͻƵĽ׳ȥκ谭
ȻľǰòŸոͻƣҪٴͻƣȻҲǶʱڿˡ
ֻΨһϧǣƺԼ似Ƿȱһ㣬Ҳû̫࣬ŷţֻҪٸԼһ׵Ļ;ܹ似׶ˣ
Ȼû׵ˣҩȴд׵֮ŷҪĻھͿԿҩͷų
ֻǣȴһ̲ݻҪ£ȻǷֹϢȥˣ
ɾڹŷ׼֮ʣȴǶʱһҲ״αͨͨ졭


417 ɳ
ʵһֱڹŷϵǲֻԱԴ֮һưˡ
飬ּҵôһЧһˣΣԡ
ֻû˱Դ֮Ƶƣ΢˲ٵķм±㴵ɢ˿ŷ岻ŴƵӣҲȻչǰ
ĺڷ裬Ƿ絶ӴʼյȻ΢Цһ˫ӷ·ǿհ貶䣬һԽüֱ޽ǣͺǣֱĵ
ٿΣһװ˰ˣɰͦΣƺԶҲһ㣬ȲԵô׳ҲԵݣһŵһһֶˣһҲûˡ
Եô׳ȴûκֻһۣܹиоó̺ıըûһ˻ȥɣӵĹŷ壬ȲЩ׳ܵˡ
ĿƣΪոͻƣڵôȶԵЩ񱩣ֱӵµĽǹŷ£ֱһֱͦͦǣͷ·Լߵλһ㣬䲻һ
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ƺ߯ǿһɣ
ԭͱŷǳԵŪͷĳɶŮһŷ⣬ֱǴ˵
Ѧ»Ժһ㣬ȻҲǻƻŮȴȴȳ곤࣬ʲôģȻǳɿɱȵģҲֻɫ͵һ죬ȻͻŻŵػعͷȥٿ
ֻȴһû̸ŮӣοǼ⣿
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ԣ˾ôֱ㶵ǣһ˫ɵԲԲģһƬհףһʱ䣬Ͳ֪ҪǺá
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֮󣬹ŷ峯ʣµļһ֣Ұ˹ȥ

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ȻȥЩִģԼػˮ½ȼһЩʮߣʣµģôЩˡ
ЩʮױߣǲȥʲôΪܹȥִȻֵεġ
ͱ˵ͺƶһͬȥߣ֮ǰ庮Щ£Ҳжʮҡ
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ǹŷïˣҲ̿Ц


418 ͽɨϣ
˺ˣЦˣҪЦˡ
ɳӵɫѾˣŷŻڴЦļһױԴ߰˰֣Ц
ŷĻЩȻҲȻֹסЦǼһһģúࡣ
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۵ȴһ˿˷֮ɫΪôԼȻע⵽Լˣ
ţúŬֻҪŬԻҰֻҲģһһúչʾԼĲܵġ
ŷͷӦһ£ֶԷԼһǧٶѣͱӵһĩΪһӵеȻ
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Ȼֻһ˳ҲӰûһǿ·ǳصգиһ㡣
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ѹ̫ǿ̫ǿˡ
ԣʵڳܲסѹ֮£ֻѡ˳ϣŷܹ˵Լһ
ߵŷǰͱԼ֪С˶٣ȨƣʵԼⱲҲϲϵ꣬ͷ亹ֱðͷȥֻ̧пֻŲصȴС
δ𡭡δ𡭡
ȫžֻ亹ʱˮ
Ҳס˺Źŷˣ뿴ŷ嵽׻δöԷ
˳ˣղҪû˳ϣҲɱˡ
֮£ŷ嵭Ƕȴһ󿳵ڷԼһ㣬ΪǺɣŷ仰ʵԣ
ŷĸïһڱԴߣҲ˿ỳɣ
˶٣ŷȻһЦͷˣһƽȴɵʵĸ̽ӣ
أţССǣǣǳɽɵġ
ŷĻ͵һͻһ̣ΪԼǲǾôˣֹŷֻԼʱƽһ㡣
Ҳ룬æͰ͵ػش


419 ͽɨ£
ɽɣ
ŷһɵ֣Լδ˵
ɽһǿֻжĩڱԴСɣӦҲɰɣΪֻһɽѡ
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ïŻܹСʱǸɽɸ𣬱ϾǸҲһЩԴڵģʮҲв١
˼֣ɳڻҪһʱĻïԼĨӵˣï
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ïɳȻӦȺѡïǶӿε£ҴŴ͹Ļȥˡ
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Ҳ˵庮ƶİɣͬˮ½ģҲҪ
ΪǶĻҰֻأѾԶԶǰĻҰֻؿԱģԴԣС磬ڵĻҰֻظͲ
ȵïȥ֮󣬹ŷĿ⣬ٴεɨȺ˭˹ŷĿģһæͷ
ʵŷҪïȥ˳ɽɣΪջ𣬱Ͼĸ棬ŸС̽ڣôʵΪɱӺҲǻҰֻ¹Сĵһ
Ѿ¹綥ĻҰֻأƺȴô˵ųûһҪԭ򣬵ô˵ЩֳôĶҲӦûвǰ˰
ǳȼʮױ֮⣬Դȴһû
ȻЩ߻ڹ뿴ҰֻصûǸʵܹ㹻İȫҲ뿴Ұֻܸܲ㹻ĸ
ûбԴʯûи似Լҩȵȸĸ˼ƾʲô룿
ƾʲôأ
ЩɻҰֻûйǿ󣬹ĶĻҲжԸġ
ҲΪλҰֱֻڣûм˼ԭˡ
ȻˣŷŻóѻҰֻص¹糹״죡
ϾһķչЩмǱزٵģԣ˲źߵգҲǱģ
㻹ûͬ⣿
ŷٴγǸӵʵ
ûûˡ
ӸϽ͵ػش
ŷ˵ͷǸɽɱϾֻһСѣ˰ڻҰֻأҲֻΪڵһʱ˽⵽ҰֻصĶѣ϶ǲʲôġ
ԣһˣҲ֡
ܺãҹŷ˵㻰վˣôҲٴ㣬ڿʼҲһͬʣ㵱ҰֻصֵܣһҲԲ׷
ҪٸģӵĺǣҲһὫɱסûУ
Ϊһ˵ȻҪһԾŶҹŷҲţ֮ǾԲٶԻҰֻκβҵˡ
лɱ֮һṼҵ
ɫʱϲԴͬСһţеĿҲޱȵļᶨͿ־壬Ȼ飬ѾҲûһ˿֮ġ
㻹ûڳɽɣ
ŷʵ
ҵŮ
ӻº󣬹ŷѹŷת˸죬˵ͷָԼԸ˼ʲôȻ˱뿪˴˵ء
лл
˲Ȼ׹ŷ˼뿪ıӰвɳ˸м֮ɫ
ŷ΢ЦŰ˰֣ûٶ˵ʲô漴ĿٴתȺС
ȻǲǺãҾץɣ
˵꣬ҲЩ˷Ӧŷ˫־͵ظһץʱʮɱԴ֮۶ɵƾͷֱץסʮߣȻŷһ֣ʮˣȫˤȺǰ˵Ŀ⣬ҲתЩˡ
ȿʮȻŵɫȴȻЩߵʱﻹ᲻Щ˾Щ̽ӣ
˵жֳһ˿ɱݺݵصǣ޲óιǣ
ЩˣһԼȫɱ
βʹޣ
ţңĵİȻɣҲԩǰ
һڳҪ˵Ŀ⣬ʮ޲ɫұ䣬һʵǲһתվίֲʵ˵ģͺŷȷԩһ㡣
ŷĮȻ÷ϻֱһ֣հǸץԼǰһ˫ǿհؿ¶ֵĴˣʵȷĵģ
ʵŷȫԲ÷ϻֱɱ˾ǣٻЩ˵ģȰŪٴҲ١
ŷţֻоԼͷ͵ؾðһĺ⣬ʱѾûлͷ·ˣһҧӲŵûҶԻҰֻǾĵģ
˭˵Ļ󣬹ŷ巴Цֻȴôойɭɭ鲼ȫ
䡭
ŷ岻ٷϻͻȻһ֣Ȼһ죬֮ͳһӣŷֱס˵жһ˱֮
Ҫ
ŷˣߣ鶼һУֳһ˿Ц֮ɫ
˵ˣǻһ߽װ˽ױߣÿһʱԷοֻôأѵͣ
ŷĶҲȷӦ֤뷨ŷһ֣㾡ڸס˴˵ȫֻһԴ档
ŷĶǸеĳЦ֮ɫʤˣôҲû뵽ǿ˵һţȻɣ
ѵΪֻƾ˵ȵӵֶΣܱԼ˵ʵɣ
ǣȴȻ֣ŷǣ֪ʱȻֳһ˿ɭɭЦ⡭


420 ħֶΣ
ȵŷǸǰʱһذףѾ˹ŷС
߷ӦŷֱӣֻʮĹѣǸ߾ͳһͷ
һĻ˶һ׹ŷҪ˵һذҪȥɱߵĻǻܹ⣬ǣԷͷʲôһ
ѵߵķͲˬŻԷĲɣ
ȻҲȻŷĶʵЩͷԣҲЩӲӲװһʺίģӶһ
ŷԴ˺⣬ʼնɭɭЦݣȻ󻺻̧ذ׵ֻ֣дӴ˺Ƕ͵һֻһʹߣûü˵ʲôŷѾǴӺǣһֱĶͷλͷƤл
ȻŷƵúܺãֻǻͷƤ¶ɭͷǶѣˣͨնܳܣ˵ʮױˡ
ʹ϶ǼʹģزˣҲûǿǸֻѪ˿ڴ鼰ԴϣȴǸ飬ͬӲҧ˵һ仰
ֻҪŷ岻ֱ˵ɱԼôԼӲŲ˵϶ԼͲ̽ӣأʵǺǿ϶Լû취˰ɣ
һԼû˰취ôǳ׵غ˵ģһĻԼ͵һˣȻͲûжԻҰֻʵԵ˺ԵʧȴǼġ
˵֮ٻҰֻزôǿŷ壬Ҳӵô
ٱ˵һȥĻôͱؽĸ߸ǰҰֻˣʧøⶼǴͣʲôǣ
ﲻţ뵽Լ֮ԼǸʲôԼˡ
ǵλǽǮߣŮ
һɣôؾջԣ٣Լֵסκһջ
ţͲֿ˻ҪͷľʹĻֵùЦ
ҲòεǷḻý
ֻԽԽԽԽ˷֮ʣŷٴηóļȴǡ
µģٴαŷĶŪͷԣ޷Ūŷһеˡ
ڳˣԼ֮Ѿ˹ĳɺѦ¶סˡ
ȻɵĵŷȻ֪ģʱǲҪȥĺãͽΡ
ˣҪΪŷĶĻҲ϶ǲȥŷģˣһҲͨͨģͬȾ֬
ٿŷ壬ֻһ֣óһЩ޹ޣٶһ·𶼲Լ۾Ƿ֣ŷóģȻһЩģ
ʲô㣬ʲôǣǸȫǷۣһĻɻͺˣû˵뿴ŷ嵽
ŷҲûɻãֱǴӵľǰѼһȻִǸﵹЩ棬ľЩҴû£ѾǺͷںһ
Ȼ󣬹ŷѵ֮ۡϳصǸ߹ͺͺͷ棬ľĨͷ­֮ϣﶼûзŹǿ棬棬ĨЩ
ˣǸȻҧһĨͷϣϣǷǳֲֻۣҪۣǾŪˣ
ţŪŪɣŪԽҾԽȻֲۣһ¸ë
½㣬㿴Ǹأ
ŷԶգգźĵĴ۾˰ҲûŪ׹ŷ˼ɵתͷѦʵ
Ѧ֪ˣͬһԻؿ˰죬εҡҡͷǸɴػش֪
ɱ㲻ٶˣգŴ۾ؿ
ٸһᣬڳˣȻԼ̡
һУŷ㵭˵
˭ŷĻûЦ죡
ٸһᣬ̣
Уҿû취˰ɣ
Ȼ̫ˣȻ˵ɵĻң㵱Ŵأ
ǳţȻǲ˵ģô˵ŷҲһҪ˵ǻ˶ԷĻǱһԼҲ˼ɱģ
ԩԩҵҰֻأЩεģȻȻ䵽ô³
ү¼䣬ѵûй𣿾û
ûκ֤ݵ£ĹΪҰֻŻѪңڣ
డء
һ˵õǶ鶯ģᣬȻЩۿߣʼĥǲԩ˼ң
ȻôҲֻŷӴ˶ѣѦµˣͲΪ۹ۿ
Ȳ˵ŷûûаյ£˵ȷˣҲԥ֧
ܺãȻˣôҽ㣬ʲô
ŷǣֲһ˿ԵЦŷЦݵģǹŷħ֮ʱˣ
ҲȥԷŷվĴһУʱϸ΢㻯Ϊǧǧӿ
۷ʲôȫ߷˹ټŷֶǸһָЩͷ·һƬƣߵͷȥ
ֻգ۹ߵԴ֮ϣϣǿףף۾飬˻顣
ֻǣʮױߵǿ̶ȣôܻĶҧ
ɣֶҧҲǹŷı⣡
ʼ߻ûʲôҲЦϣȻԼͷ˿ڴޱȣܵشȥץӣֽŶŷصףֱŷֱѹƣȫʹʲôֻӲǾĸо
ԽԽ˿ڴۼǿ׶꣬ܲˣ˿ڴ濪ʼ˺ҧʱҲһУ˹ŷôʵ⣡
޲ֱӰԴ
ʹȴǾʹһʹ
оһСһСڵԼѪ⣬оԼǿףף䶯ҧʹʹϵĥȴǸ˱ģ
̶ֻһӶѣߵҲ̲ס˻𣬲ҽ
ޱȡ
㣬ħħ
㣬ҳ
ˣɱҰɣˣ
һޱҵĲҽ˶𣬿ޱȷһĻ˵ľĲҺٿŷУ޲Ŀ־塭
ħ


421 ޵
ȻǸߵĲҽңŷȴ˿Ϊ
Ȳ˵Դһֱĺֻ˵Ҫڳ˳׵ѱ뷨ֶֻ壡
˵ʲô
ϷŸոݣ
ʹ
ˣɱҰɣ̫˰
ҽлڼǸߵҲڲϵţʱŷȴѾʩų˱Դֱ֮ӰѹģҲǾ޷ѵġ
ԣҪĻֻ䶯
Խ䶯ɣͷƤϵ˿ȴԽǴ󣬶˿ԽĳҲԽ࣬ȻҲԽԽʹԾϵĥҲԽݣ
ٿЩŷͬʱץʮߣһһĻ޲ŵɫҰֽиһֱŵʺҲ巢޷ԼĻʹ࣡
ֻޱȵ˻Уܶ˽һЩʱԷĵ׳ܵʲô̶ȵʹ࣬ҲΪŸΪ壡
زһǻںޱȣ֪ˣԼӦǸһԼ϶ã
٣Էٳͬĥ
㣬㣬˵ȫ˵ֻܹɱң㰡
ʱ˹ŷ֮ǰ˵޵Լôһ¡
ָоǱȵǵоǵˣ
ΪٲôĵԼ䶯٣ô෢һһڵʳԼѪ⣡
ޱȵĸо˺޲ˮˮܣŻ᲻ôʹܣָоֻѰ
ŷǣ΢΢ؿŻھȻǲ¶˰ͷǵߣصŶڿ˵ˣûȤˣһٹۿһᣬ
ŷ⻰Ǹ߲ñȥۿ߶һڿħһ㿴Źŷ塣
ٹۿһᣬ
ţֻȤҲֻĶħŻ˵óóɣ
ڳ֮˲ԼͬͬʱһһִӽŰףֱӳ嵽ĺ
ֻоԼϵĺëΪŷ仰
㰡ңҴˣҲˣŹҰɡҳϣңҾǳ¼ҽ̽ӣ
߼ҺţֹңǱǸӣǸŮӣǶǳ¼ҽˣҶ˵ˣҶ˵ˣɱҰɡ
һ⻰Ǳվŵ˶ʱɫޱ䣬˫ޱȵضŽǸ淢ǸߣӣڸһѵȻжĻµһ²ܣǽһһٴ
͡
ڹŷ׼һ˽ߵʱֻһ죬Ȼ㿴һֻйͷѪ⣬ȴûƤ˵͵𣬶ĵһ£Ǿ־Լģ̧ܹؿͷԼͷļַ֯سԴȥ
ٿĶӴгʲôģΪûƤİȫҵţˡĶһһεģֲޱȡ
˶ؿȻڷԼͷĴԴϵߣһȻǿû﹦ܡ
ʲôѪȣײУ޷ȥһУҲֻŻĳġˡ
Ҳ棬ܻУ
ԣ϶У
ŷҲ΢üͷû뵽߾ȻͻԼͷƤ
ȴ˶κȲ˵Լĵˣֻ˵ȥ鱨ܻܿûҰֻ˲𣬾Ͳ˿
Ҫ֣ҲֻܹԼӪͬҲ֣ղû߳οԼץӲ
һУԼȡ
ңҵƤҵƤأҵƤĶȥ˰
ڣ߷ԼʱӣǣûƤҲüССҪΪжţЩҲΪ͵ĻǷ·ؾֺС
־壬ȴһҲûΪļ
ҵƤ
һ˫ȫ͹ҪǿһѪܵƤڵ£ֻ²ϵƤܹɼ
ؿ־嵱еû뷨ܵعڵأԼġƤȥһ˫ֻһ㼡֯Ĺͷ֣ҲǷھȻҪԼƤڳ
ֻֻʣ͹ͷǿͶȻǴؼֻ˼¶ѣһ˫֣ȴֻʣ¹ͷˣ⣬һ𡭡
ǣ·оʹһ㣬ȻھţֻĿ־ĥѾȴʹʣµģֻбܷӦ
ѪȶȻһĻŮߣֱǿŻŻҲƺŴȾһ㣬һⳡеһУһڷŻ¡
ʣ£ȻҪԺһ㣬Ȼûһ˿Ѫɫϣɪɪ޲˵˴ʱе𺳣ĵ׵ĵ
ţһĻضؿǵԺֻҪ־㲻κһı֮ģ
ǲҪ֮ͽҲһң
ΪߵĥȴǱҪʹһǧһ򱶣
ɨһۣŷ֪ĿĴﵽˣҲǱ̬ȻȤֳָһһԴ֮˲ûκηǸߵࡣ
Ǹߣ˴˰ĥ֮Ըȥ
ֻȫϣȴܹؿֿ֣־㣬־
Ȼһ˿ڽѺĵ΢Ц
һ㣬Ҳ֤˹ŷ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰һ֪ʲô޵
ȷ⻹޵Ŀ̵ĻأϣҲûʲôܹƵǿ̵ˣ
ɱ֮󣬹ŷٴΰĿ⣬תʣµʮߡ
һŷ峯Լ˹Ѿӵʺ̽ǣһڵһʱڵأͷؿŵ棬Ȼ󣬲κģһһʮذԼĸ̽ӵʵ˳
ǣֻܹܹһ㣬ǧҪղһ㣬⵽ȥ󶼲ĳͷ
ǵĽָʮȺе̽ӣЩ̽Ӷصúܺãǣ˵ЩѾûκˡ
أŷ˵ֻҪϣͼ̵ĻĻǻڵһʱ䣬ԥسģԣŷȥʣһڵȫ˳
ǣΪǺؽȺУٴαʮ̽ӣ
ò˵ŷղħֶΣ˶˵
ҲˣҰֻ棬Ҳûκһ̽ӵĴڣ
˵Ψһһɣ٣ҲΪУΪģϢΪȫеһ


422 Ŀ꣺Ʒҩʦ
ŷӲʳԡ
ԣǰǰٸ̽ӣŷһ⣬ȫֻɱûзŹκһ
ȻҪгסЩСˣֻһħֶΣܹá
ڻɱЩ֮󣬹ŷٴκۿһȺĸӦ£Ҳûз¶ˣŷҲ΢Ц
ţ֮ڳߣûκһһջ󣬾ˡ
ҲǹŷҪĽ
˶ҼסңԻҰֻģôҹŷ;Բ˸λʼΪֵܣҸָҲƲκһСĸ
ŷ廷ȫʵ˶𣬳˵һ˭ұѻҰֻصĻôˣİ
ס𣿣
ŷ͵شȵ
סˣ
ʱһþȫ˻ͬʱʡ
ŷص˵ͷӻ֣ǺãǾͻصԵĸλȥɡ
ǡ
£˶ͬرȭӦ뿪뿪ûκһ˸ڿȫȾӻҪ򣬻Ҫ
ȻЩ̽ȫɾˣǽô죿
ǰŷʾʵ
ŷȴû˵ü˼
˼ף˼ʣҪҪȥЩ̽ӱҲͬɽһһˣȻĻǳ¼ҽ硣
Ӧ˵Ѿ˳¼ҽĶۺ϶ˣ
ҪͽĻʢλһͿأ
Ҫ˵Ļ޵ģɱģ
ǣﶼĥţȵ¼ҽһ죬ԼǲҲҪղŵǸħֶԸۺͽˣ
ֻܽȥԼͷ֮ޣ
ʵͨߵĻѲѵģ첻ܻô
ҪǣԶۺͶע̫ΣֱѣȻǸʹ޵ˡ
죬İɣҴӦ飬һġ
ŷ΢΢ЦֻǻҰֻڵĸôȹ̣ٹһʱɣʱһݻٳ¼ҽ磬춨Ұֻ¹Сİλ
ʱ˫һղ˵ǻʵֻһʶѣҪھȥ¼ҽ硣
ʢűɻҰֻصѳʵҲѽԼǹŷµʵµȻҪԻҰֻصĴΪأŷ˵Цŵ˵ͷû˵ʲôˡ
һ˱׷׷𣬾ֱ˳ǳط
ŷǰ棬ǳʱ򣬸˱ȥˣŷǼԼСԺȥ
ɺѦ¶ŮԶԶڹŷţǼεʱ˵ǿɲ˼ŷġ
һصСԺŷͽԼķֻû취ˣǸԡңѾ˺ü󶴡
ڴرϣŷһ󣬲ûټ似ʹ죬ով׵򣬻Ҫһʱ򵽵£ҲҪһڲܼ
ԣŷҩճ̡
߽Լרҩҩڣŷһʶڵҩ˲ǰȻڹŷ£գۼ䣬ԭֻȭͷСҩҩĴС
󣬹ŷֱϥһӣ֮ǰ׼õļʮҩľͳԣҩ㣬Ҳ˲ڳ⡣
ҩҪʲôԴҡԴʯԴҩȴǸҪ
Ȳ˵ڱʹ洢˺ıԴֻ֮ҩĻϸһ궼õꡣֻ˵ҩռ洢ıԴʯֻҪԴ֮ľˣͿȡȫͲҪŷġ
ٶ룬ŷؿҩ˱Դ֮ǳƽעŻ׼ʱͶҩĽȥ
ŷ濴ǺƽʵﻹǺ˷ܵġ
Ҫ֪һҩҩҩȴʵʵĶҩô˵ҩƽǲŹˣ
Ȼŷ忴׼ʱ͵ץһҩľ涪˽ȥ˿ͣٵֶһ֮꣬ȻӴ˻ǿȣֻ䡯һڵıԴ֮𣬾ȼյ˼¡

ŷ廹Ϊҩô˵ҲҪʮҵģ֣ҩǿ֮£ʱ侹ȻֱӼ˾ųɣ
Ҳ˵ԭҪʮӵҩʱ䣬ҩ⣬ȴֻһӱˣ
Һúڹŷҩ츳ĻҪǿղֻһҩﶪȥҩĲ㱻ճޣҪٶȿ죬Ͷȥһµҩģְֻʣ¾ֵҩ޻Ļ£ҩĵһ¯ҩ㳹ˣ
ˣҲùŷðһ˿亹
⵹ŵģܵġ
ô˵ԼҲҩΨһӰƵһ¯͸ˣ˵ﲢûˣŷҲǻûŵġ
ĻҲ̫ˣ
ԼЦԼһ֮󣬹ŷ˲ͱ˷ܸ
һҩҩЧһֱǵ˰˼ҩЧҩģΪƯùŷ岻Ц˻
߼˼ҩЧ˵ֻһЧͲö˵ˣ϶ҪǿϽһģҪȴǣеļ۸ҲǸ˽һ
ҲǹŷΪĵˡ
ΪҩЧҩЧģԼͲںԱ˵ҩҩЧҪɶԼ˵ʲôأ
һŲУǾʮšٲУǾͰٿţ
ԼҩĶò棬ҩҲˣʮ߼ҩЧҩѵȲһŰ˼ҩЧģ
ԣŷصģ˼ҩЧٱԴʯ
ȻҲֻ˵ΪƷҩʦ֮ˣڣоżʮҩЧƷҩҲûм
ͨΪɫȴܹؿ¼ƷͼĵҩŷԽԽϲҲ룬ſһȥʱһǿҵоźһ·θȥȻĸо㴫ȫÿһλ
ǣֺͷëף
һƷߵǿʵҩԭЧôǿҵģһҩЧȴĸоһɼ߼ϵҩЧ֮Ĳжô޴ˡ
ٶ룬ŷҩЧǿԼ壬ٴοҩĻ棬ʼҩ
ʵҪ˵ĻӳºƵһֱڣŷ۾ûһ£Ҫˣۻ˹ȥԹŷ˵ƣ϶еģȴûʲô󰭡
˵ĵԽ󣬶ڱĳɳҲԽкôҲǹŷ岻Ϣҩԭˡ
ǣľеģ
ʱ䣬ҲŹŷҩڲ֪ţתۼ䣬ȥˡ
ŷȻûϢһᣡÿҴҳԼСͽĳķ֮⣬еʱ䣬ҩ档
Ϊŷ֮ǰָоԼƺͻƵƷҩʦѾԶˡ
ƷҩʦҲǹŷֽ׶αҪﵽĿ꣬ΪĩΪԼƷߵҩȻǲô㹻Լˡ
ˣĵƷҩʦ׬ǮǿԼΪһ¥


423 ƷżҩЧϣ
죬ӵıԴ˵˵գһ۵ʱȣЩˡ
ôʱڱԴ߶ԣûκһ
̿ƴŬ֮󣬹ŷоԼƺѾǴƷҩʦſڣ·ʱп̤ȥ
ֻƷƷ˵Ϳ˾ܹģҪ˶ҩԺ;飬ݸ˵츳ͬͻƵʱҲȻͬ
ԴǳǳԵıȷƷͻƵƷǱͻƵԴߵĻôƷҩʦͻƵƷҩʦѶȣͽǱͻƵԴߵʮϣ
⻹ֻĶԾ飬ԿƣַԼɵȷѶȶԵģڶҩ˽̶ȣȴû棡
ΪҪҩʦҩĻۣܹ򵽵ġ
ԣټϺߵĻôͻѶȣɽٴӲ٣
ֻаƷƷͻѶȣǱԴߵǬߣܸõڹеʲôľ޴谭ˣ
Թŷԣʲô
ƣַɣȵȣжҩ̶ȣҩıǣҪЩ
ֻ࣬Ҫڴʱ䣬ܹϵᣡ
츳ŷûȱٹǵޱȿ٣ڶԣŷľֱƷߵҩʦĳ̶ȣ
ɴ˿ɼŷҩ츳ǵƣ
ԣļʱŷеľȫͶ뵽˴еȥˣʱ䣬ҲٴδҴҶ

ҩ𣿡
СԺԺɣѦ£Լڻ˵ĺƶ򻨴УŹŷķţƶʵ
Ӧǰɣǰұûʵҩˡ
ժһ使޵Ĳ֪ɫ䣬һþӨָŻ궺ŪһЦ˵
ƺ˰ɣѵĴһγƵƷҩʦɣ
Ѧ½ӻ
пܣҪ˵ĻԺ󡭡
˵˵ţһ˫һķо¶˷̬֪ܵŷҩʲôҩЧģ֪ŷӵźܶҩģҲ˵ԼͿ԰ƷҩЧҩЧǶˣ
һ
Ǵδ
һƷҩﵱǶԵĻԼΪ벻춼ˣ
ֻһ룬ɾ͸оһǰδеҸнԼΧϣ¶ͬõһ欶ȻЦݡ
޵òɷ
ǰǰһǻҰֻҲΪԴʯˣǣǻԽһԼгרҩ
ƶƵԸٴ¶ɣһ뵽ĸͲܹԼΪṩİһĶǿԴ׬ȡٱԴʯ
ţоǽţϵЦй֮޲
ˣѦµǳ˺ܶࡣ۵ʱʱ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫͬҲ˵ʱﲢ濴ƽ涼뵽
ȻΪصƷҩΪԼٶٻָʱ䡣ţ˹ŷṩЩҩԼָ߽ΪӣѾԶˣ
֨ѽ
ŮԼϲ֮ʱŷķźȻ򿪣æعͷȥֻһ¶ޱƣȴȻͦվſڡˣǹŷ˭
ŷڳ
һŷڽҩŮȻ˷Īˣ׼һʹŷǲѾƷҩʦʱȴÿ˹ŷһ˫Ѫ˿˫ۣҪʳĻҲɶʱֹסΪԼǰ뷨βѡ
ŷҩü춼۵ģֻΪܹƷҩʦȻԼ˸ٶȣҰֻظõķչ
Լأ
ǰһ룬ĥÿҪԶٶҩǲҪǶԡĥţҪҪŷһ㣬ıԴʯˡ
Σ˲ŮгţرǹŷǷ·һȦģǶԼղŵ뷨ޱȺڡ
ţôˣ
ŷ徫ȻƣƣϰߡԼҩУÿһζģƣ˵ͺսһ㣬ϰΪ
ͲµǴʱ뷨ԭһǻ߸˵ģôתۼ䶼һͷ·ʲôһ
кƶӦõһԼǲǳΪƷҩʦȻָʼһҩǮôܹ׬ȡļֵ
ôͻȻתأ
ŷ˼⣬ôҲֲףҲֱӵ˹ŷûɼеΣΪʱȻǰǼȥ˾⣬һľŮ˿̵ı֡
̫ˣ
ŷǾɣôһƿվǣؿżŮ
ûûʲô
Լ뷨һ£Ҫ˵Ȼǲܵġ
Գֻһ£¶˵۵ضԹŷ˵ŷ壬㶼ôˣҪȥϢһ°ɣ
԰԰ȥϢɣ㿴㶼кȦأ
ƶʱҲͷصƽʱǮۿһӲûаϵ
ȻǾǵı֣ŷҲȥЩˡ
æߵŮǰϴ˷ܵ΢ЦضǵҸոƳƷҩȳȥԿЧΣ
ƷƷҩͬǱƷҩֻеҩһֶѣûҩҺ
Ⲣ˵޳ҩҺǰҩҺ뵤ҩںһеҩ״ֻеҩѡ
Ҳ˵Ʒ֮ûҩΪеҩҩ
ŷ¶˷ܣԼŷŷ˵ĻŮﻹ̵ס
˵Ҳŷľж̬ģҲûжԥʹӹŷн˹ȻҲؾſСһȥȻĿо
ҩҩЧֻһлŮ㲻Լͬ˫ۣȻֱؿŹŷ壬Уţ
żȻǾżҩЧ
⣬ôܣ
񣬴ʷҲֻҩ֮Ƶдﵽ˰ҩЧɣ
֮ߵҲֻа˼ҩЧѡҲ˵ŷܴﵽҩЧȻֽǿҩʦʦƽ
ҵ죡
Ǹ޷ҪǹŷϢһȥ֮󣬽εȵĲ
£ǿҽĽǿ߷ģɣ
㲻ãԼпܣ
ΪҩЧֻҩЧǴҩʦ츳
ȫͬУԺãһǿͺЩߣеҲʼֻܵƽӹһĵ
ҩȴͬˡ
ҩЧĸߵֱͣӾ˵ҩ츳
ȻҩЧҲǿԺΪĳ¶ˣʲôԵģҩЧˣôҲͱʾ˵ҩ츳Ҳʲôز
ŷ塭
ԭڳʲô̶أ


424 ƷżҩЧ£
ŷһЦĿɿڴŮЦţղͻƵƷҩʦʱȻҩЧֱ˰˼

ҩЧֱӴ߼˰˼ֻ
ѵһӳ嵽ʮҩЧĴ򲻳ɣ
ȵȣ˼
ŮӦ˹æʵѽŷ壬ǾżҩЧôǰ˼أ
ƶѦҲһɻ󣬲뵽ʲô¶˻ȻɫŲµһЩ
һǵɫŷ֪ǲµˣ˵ͷҲûûҩЧԭеĻһҩԡ
ȻԤϣŷȷϣǻǸо𾪵ġ
ԭеĻһҩЧƺҩ֮⣬Ҳûҩܹõ˰ɣ
漴һҩʲôﵹҲƽһ㣬ϾǿҩùĶ˱̬ԣȴҲ˵ùȥ
ŷ壬ǣ˵ҩóȥĻ
һʱ˵ģ˺ƶˣﻹû䣬ƶŷ͸ɫǿѹ·Ůһ㣬ǻй֮
ʱУ
ŷȴҡҡͷصصǻҰֻصʵ̫С˵СЩУҰֻظͲһ
ԣֻ߼ҩЧҩģֻܹʹûҰֻڵ͵ɳ
ڳΪƷҩʦ󣬿ԼҩҩЧȼҲƷҩʦһרֻҪŷԸ⣬ƳһҩЧҲֵ顣
ŷصĻƶȻѣ˲ųһ亹
Ȼܹ׾żҩЧе״ʲôʵ˵ǾżҩЧˣǰ˼ҩЧҲͬڼ̵ʱڴ硣ʱҰֻػȶٵطչĻȻǲˡ
Ͼ磬ҲֻзѩʦƳȼҩЧ룬Ҫһ죬羹ȻһǸţҩЧߵĻǽεȵ𶯣
ƶֻ֪ҪĻҰֻسΪ˵ĸӹǶõĽˣ
ʵ⵹Ҳ˵ƶĻǲڶ̶ʱھͰѻҰֻصƲʮġ
ղ˵ҲֻûзӦټϱĲƸ˻˶ѣһӦȻ뷨ˡ
ţŷ壬ҺҪͻˡ
ʱɾϲڼ˶
ŷһͿʵͻƣ׳ڣ
ţ׳ڣ
ϲصȻû뵽Լʱͻơ
ŷ壬ƵҩҩЧʵ̫ǿˣ඼ܱȵҩЧƷеǸߵȵҩˣ֮ǰѾ˶ĩ۷壬Ȼͻ
ɿŹŷ循ȵףЦһȻŽ͵
ŷȻ׼˵ȥԼͻ֮ʱ˫ȴ͵صɴһ㵡
½㣬Ҳ
ŷ㵵ؿ¶ЦݵѦ£۾ʵ
ͻƻܴȾģŷ뵽
ҲҪͻˡĽ׳ڡ
Ѧ΢ЦͷϵıȴҪһ㣬Ϊ֮ǰҪͻƵףٷƷȾżҩЧĵҩͻȻˮɵ顣
ǾͻưɣҰǻ
ŷҲǸˣһֱ͵ŻҰֻظ߲ʵƬߣڳɺѦͻˣɴϰ
Ҫ֪𿴳ɺѦһֻ׳ڣһĽ׳ڣǣǸ߼似֮ǵʵԲС
Ѧ¾Ͳ˵ˣѧľǱ似ǹ似ʹõǱȹŷĻҪߣһżԴޣĹˣ
ڴ֣ͻƵĽ׳֮ԿһͨߣǺѹ
˵ɡ
衷Ҳϴκ͹ŷŷµ似Ҳһ似ŷҲĹ似ȻѦµĸߣȴҲһ˼Դ
ͻƵ׳ڵԸһͨĽߣҲûκһѵģ
Ҳ˵͵һߣһĽߡټϹŷԼ̬൱ĩڵĸ죬ʵ½Ҳͬ൱ĩڵĳºơ
ï̻ϣ¹ͻƵ桭
ȵҰֻʵһ¼ҽ磬
ֻҰֻص״ˡ
ƶҲһظˣȻڳɺѦµʺĽҲ֪ԼҲֻĽѣģΪԵϲ
ŮٶԣԽԽǿҵͻƸУæ͵£˫ۣӦؼıԴ֮ȫͻ
ͻƣֻҪ׵Ľף׵߽׵ִϰͻƵĻǲʲôضġһУԵϢ
ͻƵٶҲܿ죬ֻʮӶѣǱͬһʱͻƣ׷վǿ˽һϵ˷ɼ
ϲʵһ
Ůһͻ꣬ƶЦ
ҲҪأɱˣԼΪȴˡ
һЦĵǻЦգ顣
Ҿ㿩ҿûôǿ츳
ƶһ̾ȴûжйɫΪеȷôҪ
˱ԴߣѾˣֻҪ⣬Զػȥ
һǳ飬ټʵȷƽƽȻˣǻȥԼϲأ
Ǻƶ뷨ڹŷΪҰֻزܹܵʱ򣬾־ڽһҪһٿȳ൱ĲƸ۹
ȻĿ꿴ܻΣֻҪǰߣԼĿ겻׷ôɹʧܣٶԼκεź
ƶĻûκ⡣
ںƶȤ˭֪ԣԳҲͲٶˣתͷһ۵ضԹŷ˵ŷ壬㶼ôûϢˣȥϢɣ
ѦºͺƶҲæŵ˵ͷǿܹؿŷޱȵƣģڹŷϣǺټġ
ȻҲΪûŷٴҩԭҪٶεĻһˡ
ҲΪŷƴľ񣬲ܳΪеĹ
Ȼ츳ٺãԼȥŬҲֻһϲģ
ţãɣȺʱұٽ㽣似ɡ
ӵõ֮󣬱һֱûʱ䴫似ɣԼڳƷҩʦӦûʲô鷳ˣȻҲʱ䴫ڳ似ˡ
ţҵ㣡
ɷǳ˳ص˵ͷŷôۣ׼ȥϴȥ˯ģʲôһ͵̺ѪһĲȾ˺֬
ͻȻ죬ŷȻǲ⣬ʱȷͦˣҲûж룬ͼŮк֮תٴԼķȥ


425 Ұֻصķչϣ
žǿ֮ҪϢʱҲ𲽼١
ֻһʱ䣬ŷٴλָ˾ȵ״̬
һƿţŷʵһ˵طζŷֻһ˭ڳæµʱʱͿЦ
Ǹӣյķˣһζˣģ¡ҪȥԵĻͻᷢζȴԶԶ޷ģζƥ䡣
ŷҲֻЦһ¶ѣ̧Ժӵȥ
˵ʵôõζĥ֮󣬹ŷ巢ԼȻϰ˳˵ζ£ҪĸƷζĻŷ֪Լܲϰˡ
ѽŷ˸ոãѽ
ŷոߵʯߣɱöһ뾫²˹һŷ壬ɱ˵غ
ţҶҲܶˡ
ŷЦЦϣȴųΪԼʢ
տʼʱ򣬹ŷȻ׼Լʢģÿζ˹ȥǷڸǰҲǿŷ룬ȻΪŷʢһ뷹
ö֮ŷ͸ɴ˳ɵķ̣ÿҪֱӰݸɣҲû˿ͷÿζһЦУһҸС
ֻŷ岢ûзְˣ㷢ˣҲᵱûпΪ£ԼĻɵֶᵱУ޷԰Ρ
ƶ㣬½㣬ҲԷ
ǵȷϺ󣬳ɾʹغȻදôܴиоһ⣬飬㴿ŵʥȻ෴
ȴҲ˿Ǹᱻס
ɵغѦºͺƶķţҲ֮򿪣ŮһЦ˹ǿûŷôǿӦֱڣҲȻ޷ӦֱȶҩҩĹζ
ųķˣŷȴЩ
û뵽ʱɵķ˳ô󣬹ζȻУȴҲôºˣ
ŷеľȣɵϾͲ˵⣬ֵصôζûôѳ˰ɣ
ţг
ŷЦŵͷǰǶҩĻôھҩˡ
ۣѽ
ɶʱϲû뵽ŷȻôߵۣһ˫۾Ц
͡
ֻǣŷĻѦºͺƶ㶣һЦ˳
óʶŷĻ²ô򵥣һ룬˹ŷ廰еǱ˼
ѽŷ壡Ȼ˵Ĳ˿ڣóԾֱ˵óѽĨǣΪڿأ
ϵĸ˲ͻίһ˫ޱĻķ۸Ǻ飬һģһ˵С
ŷ΢΢һЦȻ֪ǿЦģҲоŵȷЩĶӣ漴ӣֳ

Ľһʱŷҩҩ
Ȼʱ䶼ҩ棬ǶڿԷİõ˵һҩһ似ҲǷǳɵ顣
ҩʱ򣬹ŷ嶼ųһЩҩڴ洢׵磬ȻЩ׵ԼεԼǸеĻѸȵȰ塣
ڴһµʱҩЩǳĳ棬ͻԵĽչ
ڵ似ѾֻͣҪøһʱƵĻ֮󣬱ʼԼ似Ĵˣ
׵Ϊý似Ĵ죡
ǽǺεȵ似
Ҳ˵¼ûв׵似Уһкܶࡣ
ǲҪˣֻǲգ˭ܹŷ㣬׵أ
˽µĻˣǿ϶û˭׵ԼϡΪ׵ССвͬҲûʲôɿѭһ㲻ã׵ͨǿϰٱһʮͬʱҲûʲôֵģ
ϾӵҩĹŷ֮⣬˭ܸԼȥԣ
ھŽϵģǾ͸޷׵磬Դˡ
ΪŽߣȰ˽߲֪ǿ˶٣׵ֻһϣʧˡﻹȥܵʱ䣿
ˣƺַģҲֻйŷһ˶ѡ
ԼȥӦȥȥ죡
ټϹŷԡ˿óŷ嵽׽ᴴһʲô似
һ˱֮⣬ҰֻصһжԵ÷ǳϲ
ºһս֮󣬽ʱ춼кüСǰݷáҪô븽ӹģҪôѰ󱣻ģвҪҰֻصġ
ӹĺѰ󱣻ģҰֻصȻֻܾҪǸԴʯǲǵĵж۸кη
˵ڳ¼ҽɹʢţȻʢűС֮¹ϽСУźܴһֶǸӹ¼ҽ磬Ψ¼ҽհġ
Ҳ˵ǰһҰֻѰӻСĵˣ඼ǳ¼ҽǷһŷȻûʲôȥܾЩʸѰ󱣻ˡ
һбԴʯãõ£
ЩҪҰֻصСҰֻȴһûͬ⡣
ǿЩʱûκ̽ӵĻҰֻأһȺ̽ӽ
Ҳ˵Щ̽ӣЩߣ˭ܱ֤ȫĵأ
ˣҪҰֻصһԾܾЩĵȷȷҪҰֻصģҰֻҲûаѻ˵
ǸһڣҲ˵ʱԳΪҰֻϽʸȵֵˣҰֻҲ١
ҸЩĵıǣֻҪΪҰֻϽʸ֮ôµԱ˲ӴҰֻص֮⣬ĸҲֻǱȻҰֻزһЩѡ
ʵЩǰҰֻصߣһǿ˻Ұֻظĸˣ
Ҫ֪ҰֻԱĸҲֻǱһЩһѣЩС֪Ķȥˣ
ȻҲԴӹŷΪƷҩʦ֮ģ˹ŷҩʦڣټϺƶţ㸣ҰֻҲǳɣ
ԣڵ֪Ұֻؾӵôߵĸ֮Щĸᶯأ
ȻֻڻҰֻصĹ۲ڼ䣬޷ҰֻصԱȣˣǸҲԶԶСģ
ȻôߵĸҰֻǲƽǵġҰֻڲǮˣƾʲôأ
ԣֻҪսЩ˿϶ǵһȥڻңģ϶Ҳˡ
ԴˣЩҲҪҰֻصĸ̫ˣЩǰ庮绹ƶ˵һôҲ޷ܾջ
֪ԼڻңҲܾˣ
˵ҰֻҲԣֻҪһս֮ߣͶ뵽ҰֻأܻҰֻصԱܵи
ҲǼᶨЩǵڻңҲһҪҰֻص뷨ԭ


426 Ұֻصķչ£
ǰʸѰ󱣻֮⣬һҰֻҲ߼롣
ʮױ߾Ȳۣµĳ̻϶֪жˡÿ춼ææ⣬Ҫзʱְɳӽȥæ֮ïҲ˽Ļ̻һִ֣·ǳѡ
ҪǣЩ߼룬Ҫɸѡȷǲ̽ӡҪֵΣֻԹɫ
ͱأ񾭵Ͳʺ
ԣһص۵ˣֻΪЩǰʮױߣʵ̫ˡ
ֻһ㣬ƶϣ
ַģȻΪҰֻصĸʵ̫ˡЩʮױߣ˼ͲҪҰֻضʮױߵĸֻԵһױԴһЩҲӡ
ҪΪ֪˻࣬һҰֻҲԳȥ˵ͨʮױߣֻվǱʮױߵĻҲʮϣ
ȥʮױߣԴҲͬ١
Ȼ϶޷뱾ȵġ
һױԴߣʮˣױԴߣҲʮˡǶʮˣĽֻ
ǣ߶һ
ңЩ˻ǾɸѡģȻĻӶ࣡
ǻԭҲԵģͬΪҰֻظĸ
ڱԴߣҰֻظǲϧѪһģһԭԼ磬һȥȴֻײ㡢ڻҵıԴĶѣ׷֮͵ظ룡
룬һһײ㣬ʱҪʹжܣһսǱǵһϣ
һֻҪģһǸ߲㣬ʹΪЧͣһЩط֮⣬ĵطɾͷɣûκԼ
ΪҪǣսĻֻҪӦֱͬˣң¹ϽµСУҰֻضԿмأ
񣬾¼ҽ磬ҲǲǸʸ
һǸ˶֪ôȥѡˡϾҪ磬Ҳֻǿĸѣ
ȻЩıԴҲֻҪҰֻصһСֶѡںܶ߶ڹΪǶҰֻطչ˿ֲض¹Св
ҪôҰֻֻг¹磬Ҫô¹Ϊ֣
ȻһģΪʵ벻Ұֻػʲô¹Կĵ
ԣЩ߻ڹȵʱ˵
Դˣŷ֪ġֻȴûֱԻҰֻصǳǲȥѡֻԼѡˣ֪ŷĴ㡣
˵˵ҰֻԭЩʵǡ
εͻƻ㲻ڼǰ¹ΪȻ׳ڣֱֱͻȼ
ïҲ˹ŷṩҩǳ˳ؾͻƵĽڡΪܴôĻľ汾ͻƵ״̬
ҰֻغһֱǳȻ־𽥻ָʱĶ־һľͻȻҲȻˡ
йŷƵģרֻε˷õƷȾżҩЧҩֱĽڣҲʲôֵ顣
г̻ϺͳأǸʵƽƽûʲôرľϲ̻ͻƵ׳ڣأҲͻƵ˶׳ڡһУƽ˾
Ҳͬûжҩĸ£Ҳ˼ͻƵıԵ
ʵǺܲ½ڵΪ̶һµʱ䣬ͻָĩڡֻһȼܹ»ָյΪ
⼸֮⣬ļ߲㣬һûʲô
Ȼ˾żҩЧҩڣЩ˻ûõŷΣȴҲйŷרƵ߼ҩЧƷҩṩǷáԣÿһ˵ΪȲٵš
أҲҪ˶ãҰֻصЩǣֻӭһȫͻˡ

ʱŷ岢ûдԼСԺǶڻҰֻ½λϣ鵭ؿ·ˡ
ֱ࣬Ÿȸ߲㣬Ѧ¡ԼŮҲڡǹŷרŽйġ
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ŷ忴վ룬ЦؿԼһŮʵ
ˣͷһӣϵЦҲʣµһŮĶӺŮ죬ҰֻصĿĺԣǾ롣
ʵǰʢϽµĸӹ֮ʢűҲԸȥֺõĸӹ¼ҽġ
ɳ¼ҽʱǴģʢűʱ򣬸ûжйǡ
˵ҲһĽ򣬿ĽߣСҲټԳ¼ҽ粢û̫ںôõ硣
Ҳеǲʱʢż뵽һҰֻصСϢôĶʱͶġ
Ըһȴûǰ˵ʱĻҰֻػôǿȻںʢţɸ߲ǿȴԲ㡣
ңǸʱҰֻҲûп˸
ԣǾһֱڹֱ񣬵Ǵŵ˽⵽Ұֻʢסˡ
ΪҲűȽǿĵˣֻмҰֻأԻĸǲȥηˡԣ¶˾ǰͶ
Ȼ󣬱һĻ
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ȴ룬ȴԼˣˣǵȻŹ̡ˡˣ
Եŷڵ֪ǰ˺󣬱ԴѦҲţɺŮҲȻ˹Ϸˡ
ǣ֪ŷѦ˵ģȻҲ֪硣
ǣǣġ
ǸȻû뵽ŷ徹֪ǣܳػش
ʵԭֻǰġ쵼Ѱģû뵽ŷͻȻǰ
ղţŸո̸飬ĻҰֻŷ徹ȻͻȻˡȻʶûʣһԵԼ˱磡ޱ˷ܣΪŷǿԼ磬ԽԼ˵ļ룡
ԣһεؿŹŷ壬һĵЦݣ˿ûΪ汲ʮױԴǿ߶κһ
ߵĶӺŮûһǸò㲻Ķӣһմؿųɣֻˮˣﻹע⵽
ǸòͬȥŮһʵغݺݵųɣȻִſȵؿɫĹŷ壬еĻ˶ó


427 Ͷ
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ٿŷǵĮɫ˾ЩЩʲôٿӸŮʱı飬ҲĮ
ţ֪ġ
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վĶŮʱҲ֮ǰı顣оƺЩͷˡ
ŷȴ΢ЦԷ⻰Ҳ͵ǳˡ
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˵ˣ˶ڹŷͳŮĶԻҲͬͷԣȫͲڴʲôա
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ԣҲֻؿֵ̿ˣԲ
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תͷŨŨز;ֵضѦʵ֪磬ε˴ˣеĻڱǸ
ףô˵ûǴųͶģѵǻҰֻأ˶ԴǰͶ𣡡
ǸòȥȴԶԶ޷ȵŮӣһԼ׾ȻԼޱȵŮ˵ʱ͸Ϊˡ
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ЩʮױߣкüԼûͷۣǿ֮£¾һߣ޻صģ
οǸʵ֪Ĺŷڣ͸ûκѵϣ

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ӵŮȲŵĻѦѹûϣȨûһ㣬˲ڻֻ⿪ͷһУֱǶɱУ
ѦΪλѡֱӶ֣ΪԱ߻иһڸڡ
ڣȫʩųһְСһĹǲ˺һ豭ġ
Ѧ¶ųʹɫҲǽǶְæڵʵԸӺһΪĶŮͲκв
ϳɶŮҪԤʱӹǽҩĶŮߣȻҲ֪϶ӲҰֻصصģѦֻԼ£
㣬ǣǸѵǾͲ½ٸҼǻҰֻ𣡡
һѦŮŨ˹ŵɫ
Ǹŵһſ԰ѪͰͣ˵һĻ
شģһԽԽɫޡ
ǸΪΪ£ִδֱ֮ǿ߰Χĳ棬ֻؿų޼Լӣܡ
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ΪȻҪǿ࣬ľҲɱȵġ
⾪һ̣ǺôһҲ˺ͷһ֣Ҳûץһҩȥ
ЩҩмǱģģֻҪȥҲ͵ӵ̡
û취֪ԼҪٲԵĻ£ԼûȥˣԼĶӺŮҲһԼȥ


428 ̫ı׶
Ȼҩ֮Ҳͼܹסǵǣٻôһϣġ
ͬʱҲѸһ֣ʩŵɫֱΧжȫСϵĲ豭棬ֵı
ֻҪǳǼܵļޣʲô𻵡
Ȼǰ⼸ˣƺҲû˭㹻ʵƳǺʩŵ֡
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ֻһֱӾͳǰֻһ֣һֱȫС
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ҪΪʩŵֱŮನо;ɻң
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ѦµΪĽ׳ڡű似žżԴޣܹɵĹ˿һĩڱԴǿߣ
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ֻǣԴѦȴԤϡ
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ӶʱŭŭҲҵ֡ٴηһȣгѪ˿һƣ͵֡
ȻķˣȼǸ߼鱦ųӭĹΪо˵ĹҪǿһ㣬ҲģͿղһҪŶŮܣֻӲһѡˣ
ȻҲԼڵʵʩų֣ӦǿӲסԷġ
ֻҪסôƾԼ׳ڵΪţֻҪʵɲĹŷǰǱǸ죬޷ֵסԼĽŲ
أ磡
죬ʵûϵΪûгĽ׵ŮӣȻ֮ǿֻǳƵĻ£ô˵ҲĽĩԼ׳ҵĹɣ
µĽֱ˲ˡϾʵǱˣĽڵȴȻȻֱײನҲͬܡ
ԣ˲˵ֱǱԭͣʱҲûһӣҲգ۵Ĺѡǣȴ֪Լˡ
գۣͨˣ޷ʲôּ߶ԣȴǾʤ
һ̾ĿЦͱˣŤͷ˿ȻɫĶӺŮһԵį
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ӶʱȻԭ˻жԶӼԼȴǰԨΣ˲Ϊһ仰ɢ
㶵ؿԼС赽Ķӣǲš·ȫԼղġ
Ӱϻ쵰뺦Ůôߣϻ쵰
ɾʱ͵ԼұеŮȻҲԼƿڴ޷Ÿʤ
⣬ԼǰһֱֵùŮ
ݣֵ˫ۣƺҪɱԼԹĿ⡭
һеһУƺԼӡйɿ˵Ůȫͬ
ʵҲ⡣
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˵Ļֻƿڴô̫ӵġ
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ѦµȻĿһĻ͵¼統вټʱзԣԴǵҲûжٸо
Ҫ֪ˣǬǿߣͨģûκΪİգǿġ
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ҲֻΪ˳һζֱӻ˼࣬ѪɵĹӸ硣
Ҫ˵ûһ̬Ļ˭š
ΪûСսȴҪ˵ģ
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ӵĶŮȻ־ᶨ֮ҲЩŤġ
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ˣԴ˲û˭С֡
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ȴûзſŮΪ֪ԼһſˣôǾͽ˲䱻ǿĹĩ
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漴Ƿ·˲ȥͫҲɢϢҲŶȥ
ʼգûȥѦµʲôΪȻûǸҪ


429 
ѦµȻû뵽ӾȻ˾
ĬƬ̺󣬱㿴Ѧµ£˰ɣ
Ͼ˶ˣȥѶԷǷԵԼ̫Сˡ
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½㣬ھʹȥɣ
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ţ߰ɡ
Ů߳⣬ټһǧʮױߣֱֱɱȥ

صԺ󣬹ŷûȥҩˡ
ôҩѾʮң㹻ʱԼۡ
УһǾżҩЧģЩȻֻǳɸһֵεܹʹá
ʣµľţ߼ҩЧУһֵҰֻصĽרЩԻҰֻй׵Աģǳ۵ˡ
ˣȴǹŷˡ⣬ûǸ츳
죬Ǻƶȡҩʱ䣬Щҩǰȥۡ
ԺȴһƶҴҶ
ЩƶڻҰֻصνǾľʱҲҴңȥҲҴңææģɼŮദʱ䶼üˡ
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ԣֱڣ¹綼ǱųĬŷҲ֪¹ʹ˷ŹԼҰֻôһ޴ģȻҲǲܵ顣
أӦþǽʱ䣬¹ˡ
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ΪԼһУɻҰ½ġûлҰ½˵ԼǳڻҰ½ǳκһĻôҲнԼ
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ȵԪɵСԺſڴʱ򣬹ŷųʵ

Ԫæ첽ߵŷǰǼصˮ½ֵϢ˵رעĻҰ磬ڸղźȻ˴͹ˣ
ˮ½磬Ԫ쵼ģʲô飬ǵһ֪ͨ
ȴص㣬ԪĻ󣬹ŷ͵ס
Ұ磿ȷǻҰ磿
ŷ϶ʱ˼æŵʵ
ʵŷʱܹǰҰ½˯ٻʱҲԣúܡ
ȴǷǳʱڣ¹Ǳ߸ûκζƶǸҲʱɱڻҰֻǺǿˣֻҪһ߽ףֻҪǿ߸ͻȻϮĻûԼڣҰֻصĻһģ
ΪʱֻҪһػڴ͹ĻױԴǿȥɱҰֻصߣǾͲսˣɱ
ǣһԼͨ籨ŵ߶޷ӵóȥ
࣬Ҳ١ǣǿͬʱĻһͻϮҰֻڵЩˣǲκʤġ
Ҳǹŷ岻ûΣ֮ǰһȥԭˡɲţƶǸˣ
ǣȷȷǻҰ紫͹ģ
Ԫһŷɫ˼͵ͷ϶ص
ʵŷ˼ҲΪһʱ̫˼ˡһҰֻؾȻˣȻЩʧ̬ˡ
ľϲ󣬹ŷʱƽ˲١Ԫ϶Ļ󣬾æʵǼˣеĻŮģ
ֻһˣеġ
⻰ŷļµ˲٣˵ģģ𣿡
ûУʱͷԸȥˣҲӦÿ쵽˰ɡ
Ԫʵ˵
ŷͲ˵ͷؿԪһۡȻɫ͵һϲ˴͹Ļ

ŷֻһӦʹӶԷĲϢ֪˶Էݡ
ŷϸûʲô⡣
ΪԼ뿪Ұ½ʱ򣬺˵һԼģҲӦ仰
ٶ룬ŷ͵һ˲ʧԭأźķٷȥ
ţϻһɻ
Դӹŷ뿪Ұ½֮øˡ
Ϊ۷嵱ԼĿ̨ɸΪԣÿ඼Ƿʳţֻ뾡ﵽϵܵǸΪȥ̨׷ѰԼ롣
һŬټϹŷµҩΪһ·ǡ죬ɹͻƵ˱Դߣ
һͻƣҴռҽһЩ飬Ȳذεָȥı紫˹
ɣ;飬ǼΪļҲΪ
ϾδӴ磬Ͳ֪絽Ǹʲô
һ͹ûüʲôǰߡֻһӦʱһ֣⾹ȻʮױΪߣ
ȻĻҰ½֮ϣΪ˹ŷָ㣬Ҳҩĸ̶̲һʱռҵ˶׷ͻƵʮױΪ
ˣʮױǿߣڻҰ½Ҳ⣬ǿĴڣ
أԼŸһν磬ˣǻҰ½۷ǿߣ
˵Ļߣǿǿ˺εȵزأ

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Ϊֻ֣ĸӦУӦһǳصĳǳ棬ȻŰλʮױǿߵĴڣ
ڻҰ½֮ϣҲǶǿߵľŽױߣ⣬ƺͬҰ½ϵǰܼ
ǣҪ࣡
⣬ʲôһָ
ţ⣬𣿣
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λˣԻҰ𣿡
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кˣֻΪԷҪע¹磬ΪΪȻһױԴڡ
УһЩݱȶԷߵ֮⣬ʵģƺʵǿΪǷǳһ顣

ʱعһûӦ漴뵽Ұ磬ӦþǻҰ½統еĳƺˡ
漴æ˵ͷǵģԻҰ磡
ģ̫ˣǰȥ
һĻʱϲüҵ˵һһҲȺػ͹Ļﶪ˼鱾ԴʯȻâһʧԭء
Щô˶Լ·ر𾴣رԼȷԻҰ½ʱ򣬸һ
УղǸ˵ȥδÿһߣһ
㲻ôһΪʵ޷ȥˮ½磬ǳееǿߣֻĹϵܵ£
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ˣȥǰȥЪƬ̡
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ŷԸǳƣһЩûҪ⣬ǲȥʵġ
֮֮ԼѾˣôǿߣʲô飬ԼҲֻˡ
ңߵӸͲǻԼȻҲǳɻǵ̬ȣҲɻǸ˵ҪȥʲôˣʲôȻᶼģȥȫûǸҪ
£һ̹Ȼ΢ЦظǸˮ½дȥ
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˲壬ǿƺԶԶֹԼղӦЩ
ʮױߣ͸Ӧ˼ˣ
ǾŽױߡ
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ڻҰ½ΪǿߵľŽױߣǺεȵĳˡ
ٿǰ·Ǹʱ塣
治ǸˣΪһױԴڣǱһһױԴСࡣ
ңƺûĸһδƫ磬С󿴵֮ǿ߻侲İɣ
Ŷԣ˵ǻҪ侲ȫȻι۹һ㡣ƺû¶κһһμôǿ߶еη֮ɫ
Լֱŵû˵˰ɣ
Ǹߣһ˰
뵽


430 ׷εĽŲûֹͣ
ںĽӴڣżŮ˲赹ˮķ̣ǰķеĻԽԽɻ
ʵ벻ͨԷôԼ㹧ңԷƺԼƥ
ԼΪȶԷǿɣֻǳʮױ֪Է϶һӴ
ôܸо͸¶һɹأ
ѵΪϵܵԭ
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һ뵽ڻҰ½ʱŷչ¶Ǿ춯صı̬츳ƺҲǲܵ飡
ϵҲӦжױԴΪ˰ɣ
ţȴʼնŵȻɫôɣҲͻˣЩҲûҪ
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ЩǸӦʮλΪԼȵһױԴǿߣΪǵģҲܸӦõΪıԴߡ
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Ҫ֪ڰԼΪʦʱ򣬻ֻǸոճΪƷҩʦѡŶãû°ɣٴͻƵƷеȣ˵ԼİҪģ츳Ŭ
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죡ôһǿ󵽺˵ȻȻǹϵܵģ
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֪ŷһǲ˵ѻġҲ˵Լνǿ統У治ɶ
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ΪԼ˾ڣӦòˡŷ֣ԭԼǰλãֻһȭͷѡ
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ŷ忴Ĭﻹ᲻֪뷨ЦЦŶصȻܴǿҲܶࡣǣǲûֹͣǰĽŲ
ֻҪǻǰţôһ죬Ҳվ۷֮ϣ
ΪҴӲţ˼Ȼܹվ۷֮ϸӲҹŷΪʲôͲܣ
ܹģҹŷ壬Ϊʲôأ


431 Ұ½
ŷĻ˵òҲԵöô׳־
У˵֮ʱ͸¶ǹźͽȴֱӺЩͷ·𣬹ŷ˵ģնΪʵ
ĬеĺƺҲŷǿҵȾ˻˲̧ͷоһͷЦϵܣԲϸ̫ˣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬺ǵͳ˲ͱ־ȡ֮ŷΪԴ뿪Լǳ˶־ȶȣԼ״̬ʵЩա
Ȼǰĵ·᫣ǰԨǣΪԼһֱֵΣ̤һΣ
һ̱վĵ·ϣʼǰţȥҲź
ŷܸ˺ܹôͻָ˶־æźԺӵϣȲʵ磬˵˵뿪󣬻Ұ½ʲôʲô仯
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ŷɫ̹ȻҲٿЦЦͷİɡԴ뿪󣬱Ҳ뿪ռңһֱڱš
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ŷüͷ
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޲ãھܻȥȻһѰأһҲſ
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һ뵽⣬ŷԽͬʱҲﰵԾƶǸ֮ڻĻôԼȥ
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ռҺɱô֮ǰǸټռҺɱڶڻҰ½ĳ֣Ȼĸðˣ
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ˣ֮£ŷŲװε˽ӹԼһΣյС
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ССæӦȻȥ׼ˡ
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432 ڶϱ
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Լεºܣ֪Լӵ£ܵõȾŮӵĽأ

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Ҳ͸ɴöˣһ۹ŷСԺȻЦϵܣͲ˹СԺӴˡ¸Ҹססˡ
ŷԺӣȷСԺзҲֻôѡ
ŷԼټϳɺƶŮССҪСķ䣬ѾͰķȫռˡ
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ȻԼŷǽֵܣˡǣԼô˵ҲһүǣסȫŮĵطЩġ
˵ԼôҲ˹ϵǸɵľɫŮӰ
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ǰȻǲȥط˵ġԾ͸ɴֱӸһۡˡ
Ȼܾڹŷ崴ôһΪŷĴ磬ԼȻҪæİ
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𣡡
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ãáӣʵ֮ǰѾԹˣڻôġǳԣǳԾͺá
ںڵǱȿ޻ѿЦݣ˵

ŷ弸Ҳ̲סˣ׷׹ЦҲڰźĶƺԼһڵʱ򣬿ֱӾ˳Ȼ˺üˮԺһİɣ
ɱǺܸ˵ģһŷ弸˵ĴЦһǶҪ޳˵Цݣﻹ᲻֪ʲôһ
ʱһͿؾ죬ίˡ

ƴֵĲʱз̻ϣ죬ïȵȵȵȡЩ߲㣬඼ķˣҲǺ顣в硣
ҲֱӵˣûбҪĻǾǲڳԷʱŷСԺġ
Цһ֮󣬱ںһĿУǳǰΪζĲȡ
ԹʱѾǰʱˡ
ҲѶ໥ʶһ֮󣬱Ҳȥ
ڴӹŷе֪Щ˵ΪһαŷǿһѡһУúоС
ҲȷͬŷԣҰֻڵʵﶼʲô
ںУȴǼǿġɴҲԽĵ·ӳڴ

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435 ʾ
˵ҫ˵úǿˡ
ʵҪǿڹŷƷ߼ҩЧҩʦĻİǲܻ˺Ƶġ
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ͷӿֱǰѻҰſڵľ޴㳡Χˮйֻͨǳ㣬вʮ
У󲿷ֶһ׵ױԴΪߣЩߣҲƷҩߣ
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ʱŷ壬죬ïʮ˵ĻҰжĹڣ뼸ЦŽ̸š
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ֻ¹ԣƷҩʦĴڣ
˵ͬʱһ˫ǵ˫ۣһֱڹ۲Źŷ塣
Խǹ۲죬ԽľΪ֣ŷĳȾԶԶԼԤƣȫӦӵеĳȣο츳˳ڡ
ҪŵĻһޱȣµһ˭ģˡ
ŷֳȣȻԼʱʱһ˿ǹâùľѡ
ӵ߳츳ֲˣҪ˵дΪĻôҲˣ
һ룬ɶԹŷΪ߿һ֡ô˵ùŷ壬ûģ
ֻҪȵɳ֮󣬲˵ģԼʾãύĻ£ԼȥǹƷҩͱȱˣ
⣬Ҳǹصĵط
ΪŷΪǿҲܻԼжİҪǳΪƷϵҩʦĻôԼ¹ÿɾʹˡ
ԭĻ˵ҲͬٽҰֻؿҪĵˣҲ϶˿⽻õġ
Դˣŷ壬иïȫ
ǺǣȻˣǾͶлĹˣ
ŷһȭЦ˵
ŷһֱǣ˾һߣ˶ߡһ壬һ
ԣڹ壬ŷҲͬǱźѺõ˼ġ
ʵŷҲΪϵ˿ܻн棬ŻչֳԼ߼ҩЧġ
ȻĻ࣬Ҳֻ弶ҩѣ
ˣ֪£ǲһƶŮӣ
˻һ󣬹ͻȻŹŷʵ
УҲһЩĪɫʡ


436 ֵ
ͻȻ仰ŷʱĿһ
ɫȴûκα仯ȻЦԣû
Ծüͷ̾עһɡ
֪γԣ
ŷһ裬ûΪ֣صѶ仯ڵʵ
ʵֻӹͻȻƶʱŷԼµһЩʲô
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ʱ˵һùŷ˾ȵĻ
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ֻǣ鲻ɰɣ¼ҽĻʹˣȻǺƶǸˣ
ʢαģŷȻӸ֪һ
¶ۺ˱ѵҪԭ򣬱һ꣡
ѵƶĳ˾ǵʢŰǸꣿ
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عǶ룬ΪһͻȻ˵¹磬ôʢŵûκαʾɣ
˵󣬹ĿǿһԵĸ죬ȻǾ仰ǶԸ˵ġ
ֻһ⻰۾Ͳ˹塣
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ŷ˵Ĳ⣬嶨˶񣬶͵ΪǸ걳ʵҪ¹Ļ÷Ѵ֮
ŷ˶ʱ󾪣ֻϵĿЦأ֪û˵ѣ
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ŷΪأȴû˿֮ɫʱͶԹŷΪ߿һ֡
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˵Լɣλ˼Լ;޷ֹŷ侲
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ǹŷ˵ĵߣҲΪһ˵ϡ
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˵˵ߴɡһߴ߽ױԴߣŲ°λ˽Ҳͬżʮλ֮
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٣ߴһЩϸҲ¹ܹưôöҪˡ
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Ҳ˵Ϊùŷ峼ɣΪѾ֪ŷǲܶ¹糼ˡȻˣʹְŷȹΣ
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٣ȵŷΪƷҩʦ֮Լܹ˸Ϊ׹ҩ
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綼еľɫɣ궼ܳһľΣŮòʾԵЩƽˡ
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ǿžŽױԴǿĽ簡ΪһԼˣֲԼӵŮӣûҰֻأԼʱΣУֵ
㶵뵽


437 Դ˴ë
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Ҳܴһ뷨ԼҪġ
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438 صķŭ
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Ȼڹŷͬ˳ԾͲţȴ֣ǹŷƽԵĸïҲûپɫ
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ԣһ򺩺ĳ״γķŭˡҪһ˿ǣҪ֪Է˭Ļͳȥƴˣ
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ǣȴôҲ޷סͷķŭ
Ҳһμƶ¶ֱģû뵽ںƶƺÿ춼ֵϣȴôһ˰̡
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ֻһͷɱɱҪɱǸ쵰


439 ҵˣ˭Ҳ۸
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̻һŭڵӣŵøϽǰ־͸˳صĶͷϣۺıԴ֮ҲԴԴϵӿȥ
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ƶȻҲû뵽صķӦȻ˼ңʱͱһ
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ҲȫԿ϶ŷԺضһλٰƷϵҩʦˣƷҩʦʲôȻǳ
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ҵȵľϵ仰£ϸǷˣ
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ʱ򣬸ïг̻϶Ѿгȥ׼ˣǲò֣ضԴ
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ƷʲôҩЧļ۸߶֪֮۸ߵñˡ
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ʱ򣬹ŷȻһң˴͹Ļ
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440 Ұź죡ϣ
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磬иˣȹȥһ¡
ŷվ͹˵׼ǰȥˡ
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λȥӭˣҰֻߵģҫȻûɲȥǣһ˺ƺƵؾ͹Ļ˹ȥ
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һ촰ɳȻĹ㳡ϵ˶Լ̧ͬͷ׷׿ЩշеˣоĽ
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¹壡
ﶼðôһ֣жʱ˳֮ɫٿͬһλеĹŷ壬ҲȻµ˹ŷݡ
ԭԻҰֻزô޲ʼ˻Ұֻصĵλ¹μӣҰֻؽǾǲˣ
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죬⻰ô˵ģⲻ֪ԭϵʶҪ֪ʶҿ϶һͬǰ
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ҲʥĴ㣬ţֻҪԼ˹ŷ壬ǾҰֻأôŷͱضǵԼĺˡȵɳԼȻҲǺôࡣ
Ϊ춼ǰҩʲôģֻҪҪȫ͵ļ۸ֱڲȻԼá
ʵʵˡ˵Ʒµҩȷ֪ˣֻҪתԸ߼ȥôκġ
ƷϵҩȴͬˡڲżӲԵĹ涨ֻҪ˰Ʒҩ˾Ͳܽйһ˭˽ﹺƷҩõĻϣֱӻɱ
ԣʥҪһŰƷҩҲֻԵгϼ۸һļ۸򵽡ҲУ
涨ϰ˽ΪڲԱһһֻܹһţ
Ҳֻа˽Ϊģܹÿţ
ˣҲǼĽΪһþһأ
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ң󲿷֣ǸˡڲӦˣôܻгϣ
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ֻţ嵨ǿôͻԥس
֪ŷ츳жôµġ㸶ĴۣҲһҪѹŷ£
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Щʱ򣬹ŷͿˡ
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һ뵽ͳܡǿǰƷҩﰡƺ߼ҩʦҲǷѩʦҲֻǰƷߵҩʦѣ
£һط˹ȥ
ǸᣬŮΪ˶һ·λҲҪˡ
ףϵл˲ٱԴʯɣ
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еежСֻǸݳϲһѣһ˵ȴϲֹһ
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˵⻰ʱʥ۵׶һ˿𾪡
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رǣивٰƷҩģ۸ǰޱȣЩ۸ȷнˡ
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֣һͷ·ǿʮ˵ƷָۡоƶǳϲЩ
ٿˣϳľȻһԸжĵŮʱ׷һ㶡رǺƶ˫м仹ûŦۣ顣ջ󣬿һ߶ա
ǻҰеĵһԳƷҩ֮⣬ʱһЩƷ͵ǿźˡ
ƶҲ͸¶һ˿죬һ۹ŷڵİᣬײ΢΢˵ͷ
ж
߶һ
Ҳû̫ڴΪƷҩƺֻҪ̫ĶͲûʲôֵùעġ
ƶ·ߴ඼һνһЦû⡣Ϊ֪Լ˵ģһȫ
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⻰һƶûüȥ˵ҪģЩ߶ʱһ
ϡƷôܣ
ţôϡƷģֻдвŻİ
⣬⡭Ұƭ˵İɣ

ʱоը˹һ㡣ԭЩʱӵƷмһˣŻҰвóʲôöߣ޲ɴ˫ۣһ޷š
ǿϡƷרŶżԴİ
˵ֻʮ飬⣬ȴ˲ۡ
Ҫ֪Ҳһóôģ
Щ߻񣬺ƶٴڵﵹһưӦһˮȥ
ΣȴǳŰİС
ǵڶʱӵƷı似
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似Уһǵģһǽġ似һעٶȣһ֣ע
ƶ˵
󣬵һ䱾似֮ȫ˲ŰİСԣܺõشݽÿһλߵĶС
似ı
֪˭ȷӦг˲ţĿɿڴؽͰ˵˵֮󣬻һڿˮŵĳУޱ
˵ĻǵΣǵҲǷˣֱӱըˣ
似ı
ﶼֻôһ仰صУ󲿷Ҳһλǰ㣬ʶſˮһʱ䣬˺䶯ˮҲһһ
죬ƶʦ㣬˵Ŀģ
һǰţΪΪĽױԴ˵ȽϺõߣźƶŵʵ
⻰ȴɣҲû˻ɵĿǡΪǶ֪ȻҰи˵ֻôаٷ֮ʮģ
ȻĻȲ˵᲻Щ˲䱩ŭֻ˵ι󣬾;ˣ
Ͼûĸ߻μ˵󻰵вμ


441 Ұź죡£
Ȼˣ
ƶ˵ͷҲʱŮӴӺ̨
һߵĿ޲׷׿˹ȥǻ˸ε̰
ƶҲԣֱߵŮǰͻҿĺ첼
ź첼ؽҿߵĺҲ֮ͣˡһڷŵƷʱһֺ
һ̣ԭջԸеĺƶҲû˭ȥƷƶƺҲúˡ
һʽոµıɫװ鰲棬ƶⱾ飬չǰʱǵ˫۶ɳˡ
СⱾ
شһ֣֪ʲô͵ˡ
ƶǳⳡ˶ˮ˵ɫ˵ûһ似עٶȡһѧᣬξͻἫޱȣҲΪٶ̫ĻӰҲⱾֵˡ
Ȿƶֿ֮ʼһĽܡ
ֱı似ȫ꣬ȻַʮװϡƷĺ첼һ£ٸеβţҲòˡ
ı似и似
ʮϡƷټƷҩ˶ܹһεμҡ
֮ģ߿ʼԼΪʲôûȥŪ㱾Դʯˡ
ΪֽĴڣǵıԴʯҲЯġǣҪ֪ȻЩޱȵĶĻǽ裬Ҳý㹻ıԴʯ
ȻҲвһڱصõģȻΪԼıԴʯӦ㹻ˡ
ƶʦʲôʱʼ
ȫ˺һһмӱȲش
ǰϽʼɣ⼸似ʮϡƷսҵֽ䣬Ҳţ
һ߿ˣȴǴв洫ġóЩСǮġ
ֻƽʱĻ·ͨλ߿ܲΪûǮģһΪ߱
ȴͬˣûȥЩǱ似ϡƷԣǵһ䣬
ôͷţͷϷɹأ似ʮϡƷսֽ䣿˵ȴҲͷ
һ߶ʱͱĵص
ıĲûдΪ˵ıˣֻһ似Ǽ۸Ҳ߲ʱԴʯġο˻ʮϡƷ벻˼ˡ
ֻһͷţɹһͷù͹͵Ĺţ
ǾǣҿţܲһϡƷأûǮװʲô
һӣȫͨǾֱˡҪǹ˼ǻҰֻصĵ̣¹ڣҲҩ似ʧ֮۵ĻǵļĻҪһЩ
ԣ˵û֣ѾǺܸҰֻˡ
Դˣƶû˵ʲô鳣ʹ̨һ¡
󣬵ڳûһΪġֻһǱͣޱȵؿƶ
ǸˮսİʱȻһƬˡ
¹ɣҲûǸӵʮ˶Ÿɵġ
οǡ
ϾҪʼˣȰ
ƶҲӣҲȥ᲻ԼҲǸһŭǣ˵ôһ֮󣬾׼ֱӿʼˡ
ȻǻҰеĿ죬ôǵһƷǱСɡ
˶٣߶ԼĻעȫҲٴαѻȸ֮󣬺ƶż˵׼ۣǶΪһ߲ʱԴʯÿμӼ۲õһ߲ʱԴʯޣ
˵꣬ƶһ֣ǸšС似Ůߵԣ似չҰ
׼һ߲ʱԴʯ
޲㶡˹
׼ֻǵ׼ۣƶ׼ۣļ۸Ҳܻг۸ġ
ˣһ֮󣬱ʼ˷ؾۡ
һ٣ҳһ߲ʱԴʯ
һдűԴ֮ɤӵһ꣬˳㻹ΧһȦһ¡ģ
һ٣һôë٣ӻΪеһأװʲôװһţģ
һ󺺾ǸǰԶ׼м۵ģȴ͵رߴűԴ֮˻һĤˡ
ʱΪǸô۾ģΪ˶ءէһȴ־Ȼһ٣ﻹŭ˲Ϳˡ
Ȼֻһ꣬Ҳعͷɤƴų̵ӳ߲ʱԴʯ
٣Ϊеأֻһ٣
߱ˣһع񣬾Ǹߺļ۸ﻹͳص
˵ʲô
ǰߵǸ󺺾ͻתɫǲؿǸߣصб˵һ鿴
˵һ͡
Χô߿ţرлŮߣΪһˣȻʲ׼ڴ
һӦԷΪʱȴ˲ʣµĻҲʱ˶˴󺺺һᣬջĿ⣬װ˼Ʈˡ
ӹȻҪǶİ
ǣǻҪġ
󺺼ԷϾͲֳ˵ЦмؿǸһۣΪţӡ
ٲ£һ̫
ڴҲͬؿŴ󺺲˵һ
ı֮ʣһ⻰ǻ˵ã¾׼ɢһԼ֮һ̣һϢͰΧԼ
شһɣҲ˿Ǹߵĺ󳾣ʱֺͱ˵ü˳ۣԹԵˡ
ǷƽʱĻΧ͹Цǣȴһȥע⡣
ʼǸߣҲȥЦ󺺣㿪ʼһֵĺۡ
вۣв߶֡Ȼͱºƴ˸ˡ
ȻҲʮױԴߣǶһġ˵£ͳºƣʱи֧Ԯάûκġ
˵ھ󲿷ֶ֪Ұֻؿ϶õ¹֧֣ٲջҲǲʲôĶġ
ˣһٶ֮ܵЩʵȻֻǲᶯ˶ѣͷϻһҲûġ
ҳǧ߲ʱԴʯ
ڣڼ۸񵽴ǧٿ߲ʱԴʯʱһײں˼۸
һ¼ٿţ·ͨλ߽м۵ļ٣Ƕƿݶľ޴ˣҲ˲Сࡣ
ҲẰ˼۸֮˶֪Щ֮ıˡ


442 Сƣ
Сܶ˶ûٽˣⱾ似ֵֻô㱾Դʯ
ʵЩҲ֪ԼֻΪ˴ոֶѣйģЩˡ
ǧٿţײźŰǧٿţûиߵģ
ƶʱЩᶼкľģֻҪעһʱ䶯ļ۸ˡ
ǧţв߰ٶʮŰǧţ
Ŷ߲ʮźŰֱӳǧţҪӼ۵ĸϽ
вһһʮš

ʵҰܹ㡣
һ㣬ȻЩͨλˡ
ڶ㣬ǵײᣬϱв߲㡣
ĵ㣬ȻΪݳ޵ˡһ㣬Ҳֻİѡ
ŷ˾һڡ
ϵܣҪˡ
ʥʱȻǵɴһ˫ۣһ۳ǲĴ߲ʱԴʯ֣̾˵
⻰ûҹƣεɽƲʮ߲ʱԴʯ
ʥĻҲͷ
ţεȷǿԷСơ
ŷҲЦŵͷ
Сƣ
uuҫֱ񿴹㿴Źŷ壬ʮ߲ʱԴʯֻСƣ
ĴƲһʮ򿩣
һ뵽ŷƷҩʦݣֻбһЦ
ȷΪƷҩʦһˣȥֺϹҲ˵ıԴʯȫŷһ˵ģ
һĻʮ߲ʱԴʯ˼ĵȷȷֻСƶѣ
Ǻǣڹϵ˵ȷСơ
ʥݸЦֳ˺ʵҺܺ棬ֻǲ֪Щ似ʮϡƷǹϵܴĶģ
һ꣬ʥо˲ԣϽŵϵɱ⣬ֻʶѡ
⻰ʹŷ˽ˣ˵漰ܣʥæ˵Ǿ仰
ûʲô
ŷ΢ЦҡҡͷЩ似ʮϡƷĳõġ
ŷ⻰Ҳû˵٣ڸղܴƶ˵ҪʱһЩƷҲˡ
ֽʼǰסġ棬ǳɣǸïºƵˣŷ嶼׼ڽ̸Ǳ似ġ
ƽʱصúܺãһսĻͻ֪֪ԹŷɴֱӰϡ
Ǿ͹ֲˡ
ʥȻҲû뵽ŷ徹ȻĻ˵ʱȻͷûٶˡ
ʵвôϡ档
˵һŽױԴߣĴ½һȽϲĵطͻһЩԼκҪƷǣԵˡ
ֱ磬ģ֪°Լжĳֻ˭ܹˡ
Щ࣬黹ǳ١˵ֻ˵ʥùһʮױԴµĶ
ֻôãǸʮױԴµĶʲôرصƷˣЩҲʥ˼ĺô
ͱ˵Ǵһȹ似һߵ似һһŰƷеҩ
ҲΪһҩһμΣգ˵Ǳ£ֱӾʥһ
ˣڹŷ˵ʥû뷨
Ҳˣ˵ûʥĺãûʲôԴҲûȥʲô
˵ȥɣҲ֪ܹʲô
ɹŷ廹似
ΣֻҪԴģǲ嶯ĵġ
Ͼ似СϡٵÿЩҲǼΪģ¹棬ǲôϡеġ
Դ似ȴǸûȥ롣
Դ似Ȼֻ˱似һȼʵ͸ƷҩʦƷҩʦ֮Ĳһ㡣̶ȣֻмӵһ
ȥɹŷǲǼƷʲôģҲûж˼
ŷɳܻ֮õȣǰЩʲôأ
ˣ֪ŷԴ似ƷҲֻǶĶѣһһŵ֡
ŷ壬ܲҲμѽ
ȻڹĹuuͻȻתͷգ۾ŷʵ
ŷһȫû뵽uuȻðôһ仰
Ϊ¹飬һЩ嶼ҪȴŪĶ֮⣬uuҪʲôʲô
ԼЩȻȷЩ󣬵Ҳܹuuɣ
ǲɳؿһιһۣתͷŹuuɻʵҪμ㶫㻹Ҫ


443 
ȻҪѽȱһʺҵ似أҶ˺öˣ﷢Ȿǳʺģ
uuͷһ˫۾ŵŮϵ似ϵϲ֮ɫԶ׼
ŷ˳Ŀ⿴ȥ΢΢һЦȻҪǻʲôǱ似ֳֻѣȻҾͽٳһˡ
uuҪǱ似Ǳ似
ֻⱾ似ʹִ󿳵ն֮ģµ
Ȿ似ĹȻûִ󿳵ǿʤ飬
𣡡
uuʱ˫һȻû뵽ŷ徹ȻӦֱ͸
Ҫ֪͵ֱ͸һ߲ʱԴʯˣȻ¹ԣһ߲ʱԴʯʲôĿȴҲСԱǹuuҲǳ֮ˡ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷ֣غһԵһŮԸһ漴ȥˡ
Ǳ似ı似ֳ
ŷ嵱Ȼûб似ԭЩԴġΪǻҰֻؿŵһԹŷ˳ԻȡһʱԴʯڴҰе
Ǻǣллϵˡ
ǺһЦҲûоܾŷĺ⡣
ȻҹϵˣȻҲҵֶŮˡⱾ似͵͸ֶŮļˡ
ŷ˰֣΢΢Ц
ŵĹuuէһŷ⻰ϵЦݶʱסˡ
תͷݺݵص˹ŷһۣҲû˵ʲôﲻˬǿ϶ˡ
˵϶ֻŮŷǲһٵȴ̻Ӷˣ
ȻвǺһ˵ıֻ߳ƺı׼ټԼȷǳֵܵģԼβˬҲֻܱˡ
ܲܣԼȥܵܰɣǺԼ׶ͬˣ
͡
ɼuuǳˬƵӣʱ̲סһЦûذ˹ŷһۣʵоЩЦ
Ҫǣŷ̫СˣȴһǧŮֶŮⲻռ˼Ůӵı
̫ˣЦš
ѦŮҲݸǵǵһμŷôһŮӵЦģһʱ䵹ҲΪ档
Ȼϵܶ˵ˣǾллˡ
ЦȻһתͷžĹuuɵͺȵлл壿
嵱ȻóŷʵuuЦģⱲҪ˵ĻҲûд
뱲ݣڿУͲܹԶۡ
һ⻰uuʱ͵ɴ˫ۡ
ôԸȥйŷ壿ͷû׵ĻأڹĿ£ֻжݺݵص˹ŷһۣȻίίؽе塭塣
һ壬uuֻоԼƼˡ֪˵ĻԼղžͲֱˣȻҲͱֶŮ
ţԡ
ŷڵص˵ͷȴЦ˻
ʵʲôȤζȫΪȽϺãŻῪЦģû˼档
ֳֻ֪϶ǳȡֵõ˹ı֤ҲͿԲþºƶǸ˻һӾͰԼҰֻظˡ
ر뵽Ǹ˵һԼͿԻصҰ½ȥε˹ˣȻǷǳõˡ
ȻЦҲҪˣŷҲûȥ㱩ŭĹuuͰĿת˳С
һҲЦǺǵذ˫ת˹ȥĹuu⡣ΪǱСѾľʱ̡
ֻεľȴЩ졣˵۸棬˵ڻڲ뾺۵ġ
ڻھ۵ģֻиˡĸȫǸ߲⣬Ȼͨλģ
˹ŷĿ⡣ңңȥ·λһһŮӣźǱ¶·Ŀ涼쿪ȸˣôǶѾ¶һƬ׻ļǳҫۡ
ͬޱȣ촦͵ö¶ˣŷţҪǱϼ£ֻû᲻Ը
ţпܡ
ٿŮӵòȻѦ¹uuּĶ˲٣ҲһһŮˡϴ˴󵨣һԶ¶һ
ֻⲢûŷ壬ֻɨһۣͰĿת§ǸŮѩ׼ϡ
ôɢɢؿϣ൹Ҳ˧ŮӵҲǲʵץץ࣬ò
ùŷעȴǣȻһֱߵǸŮӣ˫ȴֱ̨ϵĺƶġ
ȻԶһڲ棬ŷȻشпƶУһ˿а֮ɫ


444 ֣
΢΢üŷ̧ͷƶȥȻƶҲǸӰһĵЦȻɣɹŷȴܿڻرžǷȥû취ȥ֮ʱɫҲǷǳزȻ
зŭгޣһ㲻Ϊľɫ
Ǹݱ֮ˡŷҲȻ׺ƶһ˿ɫʲô˼
˵ƶǸ꣬˵ΪԼԭ򣬶ûҰֻ⵽صʧ
촽˶ŷֱӸƶҪ̫࣬Լˡɡ
̨ǿջЦŵĺƶһŷĴһбٴˮֻоůůġ
Ȼʱ̿϶ǲģһƶ㰲֪ԼѾȥˡ
ΪΣŷ壬ǸԼȻţȴܰ޷ֻܰݰˣ˫磬ΪԼһзꡣ
Ǹ֪ĥʲôʱʱ¶һ˿аЦ꣬ڼƶͻȻôʱһ
ȻҲ֪ƶղŵЦЩȻΪʲôȴŪףΪκƶȻͱˣ
üͷţ˫ҲʶץǸŮӣΪʶ˫ּء
ʱǸŮ·ĻԼ˫ڲؿɽͶһƬһƬġֻŮȴӲǿԶҿһֻܽҧأ겻֪ص
ץһᣬǸȻ̧ͷĿֱֱŹŷڵῴ˹ɫһ
Ȼ޷ֵ˹ŷҫ˵Ϣȴܹ֪ɳصġֻѣһûиӦκϢԣ룬Ҳ֪ŷڵİﶼ˭ˡ
ŷҲ꿴Ŀ⣬Դȴûκθоûȥ϶Էһۡ
ϣҲʼձŵȻ΢Ц
ϵܣ˵ıǴˡ
嵱ȻҲͷ꣬ԷĿ⿴ߣɵһЦŹŷ˵
ʥȻף˾ȫԴӼ˵̬˽⵽ʲô
ʱоͲһ˿Ц⡣
ţ֪ˡ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷ
Ǿ仰»ҪСһ㡣ֻҪܲסڵһʱ䴫ϢңһϹġ
Ҳû˵ʲôֻǰ仰ٴ֣صظһ顣
ϾԷžŽױԴǿǿ磬һСģԻҰֻڵʵʱпȫ帲Σա
һģ
ŷҲЦݣǳһͷ˵
۹Ŀʲôɣô֣ص˵һùŷĺøдˡ
ҲеաԷ߽װ˽ϵȻûʲô⡣һ߽ףһ˽ס
Ҳ˵Ұֻأʱпܸ
ŷȴܱ֤ڵһνӴʱԷǲּĸֵġҲǹŷҪĥĥ»Ұֻصԭˡ
ϵܣϸң
ʥʱ˵ĻҲ׻ôˡظ˵ϵܣʲô飬ɱϸҰҲ˵һЩ˽׾Žǿ磬ϸһһЩġ
ֻҪԷߴ磬һ⣬ϸҶǿԽģ
磬ʥ붼ûȥ롣
ȷҪȹĹ㣬Ҳ޶ȵġ˵ˣһЩߴҷ˵ܽ顣
ǣҽ磬˵ܹĸˣ
Ϊγ֮Ϊ磿ֹǬҪĻޱȵĵ̡
ʱĵȷһǿߡҲ޿жԿһʵġ
ĻҲܻˡ
Էҽĵ̣ټϷģпܳ׻һ硣ĻҽҲضԪ𣬱зڣǷҽҲԲǿˡ
ˣϣûκһˡһ˵ٷܹ֮һġ
˵ʥȷвΪǣֻҲǣ˵ǻߴˣǻһа˽ǿ磬Ҳǲܵ顣
࣬Ҳֻǰæһ²رѵѡ
ټϹйϸĴĻֻҪӦĴۣ걳ǸȷҲʲôвˡ
Ȼǰ걳ǸϵĻ϶Ƿǳǳѵġ
ˣʥҲŹλᡣ
Ǿ仰ŷչֳ츳ʵ̫ˡƷҩʦջҲʵ̫ˡ
ǸٴĴۣҲԸְ
Ǿȶлˣİɣѣһȥæġʱ򣬾Ҫ鷳ˡ
ŷ϶һͷȻЦ˵
ϵܺαؿֻҪϵܲϸ޷ﵽæУ
ʥ֣˵
ŷЦЦͲٶ˵ˡ
ȴΪһ㡣ֻҪԷǽô۶ҪɵԼҰֻصĻҰֻǲлΣˡ
ҲԼ˼
ʵ֪ƶôһ˿ʼŷ͸ûѶԷˡ
Ǹʱ򣬹ŷ廹ֻΪԷֻһ̫ǿֻ൱¹ѡ
Ϊ֪֮ûԴԼŸ粻һ꣬һǿʵ
ȻˣŷҲûд㽻ƶ࣬ԼʱŻҰֻͶĳǡ
ŷţƾԼڸ츳ͳɾͣǲмܾԼļġ
츳ǹŷ̡
˵еɥ֮Ȯζɹŷȴô롣
ԼΪ߲ŶãԼҰֻزŶã
ԼԷôʱ䣬ֻǸҶԷһ룬֮һʱչԷԼֱֻ
ڴˣŷʮ㣡
ĿٻصС
ŷҲûȥǸͨߣΪղֻɨһֶۣԷûгֻ֮Ϊס
ҲһİɣΪЩᶼѾˣͨġ
ҲǼôһᣬĸ߲У˼ۡ
۸Ҳһ飡
ŷǱ衷ļ۸񣬾һһǧٿšֻǱ衷ֻʺŮӣⱾСŮϰڼ۸ϣҪ߳ǰһЩġ
ʮźŸ߲ٴγһٿ߲ʱԴʯ˭ҪӼ𣿣
ƶΪ˷ܶǵͨ죬ʹôʱˡֻڿûȥע⵽עȫϡ
꣬עźƶ֮һ
ջĺƶǲٴֳһ˿а֮ɫʱ˫ҲûԵŮˣΪͺƶҪһġ
ٺ٣ƶΪ㻹ܵóֻҪҪŮˣ˭Ҳӣ
Ұֻء
ŷ塭
ЦǱϣֳһ˿⡭


445 ϣ
ãڰǧ˰һʮߺͨλٴγһٿ߲ʱԴʯ
ŶʮһŸ߲Ҳͬʱһ߰ٿ߲ʱԴʯС
ڡ
Уֻкƶһ˵ڲ𡣶۸Ҳٿ߲ʱԴʯš
ۿɼң;߲˳˾ֻۡʣ꣬ǸΪߣԼ߲ỹڼżۡ
겻֪ΪλҪⱾ似ŷɲΪûʺԼġ
ֻƶչʾԼĲɣ
뵽˴ŷͻȻ΢΢¶һĪЦ⡣
Ϥŷ˿ʽЦݣһ̲סһ
Ϊÿÿʱ򣬶һ꣡
ӻ֣ʼնӰ޲˶ԷĳؽеԼԸ˼ʲô
ŷ󣬵˭Ƕˣ
ŷ˵Ļ޲ɴ۾Źŷ壬϶졣
ţǷŭıתΪ˾ϲһźϸǸ˵һһġ
ãͷİɣ°ϣҪǲСۣҾͽүү
ȻڶļȷŭԼԹŷʽļУ˵Щ״
ŷһЦһ滵˵ı鵱У˻֣رٺһЦؿ첽ȥ
͡ǰɣŷ壬ûôôأ
uuߺ̲סһЦص
ʲô
ŷƳһۡ
ʲôҽʲôҡ
uuŷĪһ仰Ūһ㶣ȻûзӦһŷϷʵﻹ֪˼ϵЦһƵغһ;ƲԴУ˵
˵ûأŷ壬滵ˡ
һ
ŷ˿ǰѹͷ궯뵽
Ǻǣ綼ǵˣѪأ
ŷԼʽûκβ˼Ҳ˵ǵˣڲ۳ѪǴʱ
ŷղŷԸص飬ȻǽгضӼˡ
Ȼֻǵһμ꣬ŷ֪Է϶ĸһ͵ġ
ֻǶӼۣþͻȥǣټϸˡ̵Ļأ
ʵ˵ҲʲôУԵЩ׺ͼ򵥡ʱַΪЧ
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ϾҰֻչֳʵǶЩηˡֲһģ֪ԼȥˣĻ᲻ϣ
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밲ǻҰֻ¹䣬ʲôڵġںƶʦλ飬ҷģһһؽģ
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վں󳡵ĳأһЦΪıݣҲʼ


447 £
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ԱҲЦ˻
ȻһЦûκߣ½ʦɫС
ղپʮͨλһǧ߲ʱԴʯҪӼ۵ûеĻⱾС͹پʮˡ
ƶȻԸԸг۵ļ۸ΪʦҪԼΡ
УôûУһǧ߲ʱԴʯеǱԴʯ
ںƶ׼鳵ʱ򣬳Ǵһ
ƶֻоһ̳صʵǺˣΪ֪ô˵϶йŷڱԸԭˡŷ֣ѲƤǾͲǹŷˣ
ǿסЦƶλ׼۶أ
ӳһǧţүүŵŶ
°Ƴ꣬ǲмص
ò˵ıǻɫ˸Ͳڼŭ꣬Ҫһܡ
ܵһŻ㿡ݵ˲ͱ˽ɫ
ûвµؾǻҰֻصˡǾղŵ¼֮ûΧš
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ԣûȥҴرǻҰֻصˣ͵վŭ˳һۣģ޲Ҫѳغͻˡ
ȻһתʹŭͰشߣ˵ӳţٳ
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ǣǸΪĿɿڴ黹ں档
УŶʮôëӻΪǶأ
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ϵĲмͿȻȫװġڼԷȻǰѼ۸е˶ʮﻹǲЩġţԼҪҪС
һԼٽˣԷˣǿˣ
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ٽаôˣӳװģڶûǮٽ˰ɣţ
صҲ˷һ˵ĿУһۣͬ籩㳯ȥֱѿʼЩٴñŭ
ʵҲɵӡһг˶ʮļ۸Ӿһ飬ʱ˲١
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֮ҪûóĻǸáԼֱӾ˵رҰֻصˡʱؾ˶ٻˡټԼ
Ұֻص֣ױŹ֣


448 ź죡
ǣ޷ܵǣؾȻֿʼˡ
ԼСҲˡϾԼˣҲǲס

ʵôδĸ޷ܡ
νʿɱ衣ԭȷǴ꣬˫ֺ
߬ȭͷҪǿǵԼɲҰֻص˵Ļͳȥѳظ˺ˣ
ٸһ䣬һڻϣ
һɫöγˮص
һ䣿һι
ؿһЦ˿˫ֲſھ֮ӣССӣССӣСӣСӡ
˵ղųصͬ籩Ļôֱӳ콵
Ӧ˵콵꣡
ֱըȥ˵Ĵûһظġ
ˣӡ
ӣ˳һ˵֮⣬ˣǰڵĹŷˣԼ̨ϵĺƶټϻ᳡ʮˣǰģûһ˵
ΪѾǵͬƿľˡڡĿ࣬ȫȫؾ
꣬ǲͱ˹ȥ
˵֮ǰ껹ֻǴ˻ҰֻصĻôڣѾҪǲѻҰֻصȫĥһ꣬ԼͲ꣡
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ˣֻмӼһ·ˡ
ҳʮ߲ʱԴʯ
ҧأĿޱȵؿųص
˭֪һ۸ԭһĳأϵĿ֮ɫȻ˲ʧȡ֮ģһĮ
ʮѾ㹻ԷˡҲ֪ѾǶԷĵߣ
ԣȥװʲôмͿȻûǸҪǻָ˱ԡ˫ɱؿ꣬·ҪѴԼԺ
һת䣬Χ˶һ궼סˡ
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Ҫ˵ĻΪأԼɲǵü
Ϊ⡣֮һ뵽Լղļ۸Ͼһس鴤ҲǱݺݹһһ㡣
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үүǶǿһ뵽ô߰ļ۸͸оԼĺЩˡ
ǣ֮ǰ׼֪ԼҪѹ¶ԷĻĿ϶ٲˡ
ȴôҲû뵽ȻǴ֡
Ҫ֪ԼһǧʱүүŸʮ߲ʱԴʯѡЩԴʯԼлˣ
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Ͼҩ似ЩﶼУԼȥ
ԣЩҲֻǻŮ˻ϡ
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ԲŻôһ仰嶯ħ
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һʱʱݣһ󳩿졣һЦǳЦ˵
ȴûлػΪҲʲôʱԼĵ׵ĸо
Ҳ֪Ȼѳɶ֣Լ˵ʲôʲôأ
ԵǸɫȻĮϸĻᷢеıġ
һΪӣ˳嶯ˣԼо죡
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һδеĿ⡣
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ΪգԼΪʲôҪμʲôƨ
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õⱾģֻʮҳֽġС㶼Ҫ޳ˡ
ЩԴʯʱɡ
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ŷ˶֪ȥ󣬻Ұֻؽӭǿķ籩
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ڰ˾ ֻҰ
ֻҰһ֧Ϊ֮ԡѪӣ


449 ֻҰϣ
ȥǰԹĿ⣬ŷû⡣
ʮ߲ʱԴʯ
벻۸಻һǧ߲ʱԴʯ似ȻǮⲻò˵һĿźˡ
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Ǻǣϲϵˡ㵥һã¾͵ϸҽǧ׬ˡɷҰ
ʥǺһЦͶŹŷһȭЦ
˵ɷȴĵȷȷˡ
ʮ߲ʱԴʯ
ʥۺ첻ѡ
Ī˵㣬ϵⱾ似׬ģ¹һˣ¹һĿҲǼģҲֻʮ߲ʱԴʯˣҪ˵Ļϵξ൱¹ˣ
ҲһԸ͵صֻﵱеûĽ
Ͼ¹ʮ߲ʱԴʯǶ࣬˵Ҳʲô̫Ŀġ
ŷŶ˵Ļȴ΢΢һЦ
ʮǶ࣬ڳΪƷҩʦĹŷԣȴǲʲôˡ
ΪֻҪԸ⣬Ūڿ߲ʱԴʯʲô£
Ҫǣҩռҩȡ֮֮ߵġ͵ɱˣټҩٶȡ
Ǻǡ

һֵĿ񱩾֮󣬽ȻҲͬңƺҲûʲôˡ
ֻΪ˵һ־֮󣬺Ĳһļ۸ҪƬг۸һҡ
һֵļ۸һƺûж١šһأ
ֱӰĳɽ˽߲ʱԴʯ
ȻҲΪ࣬һٿҩﵱһļ۸ͨ߶ʵЩˡԵһ߶ֻ֮̾ȴް취
ŷͷԸƶóһƷҩʮʮ£ʱЩû㹻ԴʯһٿһֵüЦڻҰֻءԼҰеĺøҲǽһ
ΪִʵЩˣһҹո
ڳûһΪʮױģ˾Щƣ֮⣬ĵûκӰ졣
;Ұֻأ˵ǹŷһٴЩ߶ڻҰֻصĺøһ
ֻҪǲμߣÿһٶԵõɻҰֻרṩļʳ
Ҳû٣˶һ
Ȼ˲̫࣬ȴ㹻һ˳Եˡ
ṩμʳ飬˵¹ڵˣУûйġ
˵Щ˲ƽʱҲû˻ԡĵȴʵЩﶼһů⡣
ԭԻҰֻز̫ƵǣҲԼĳɼֻԻҰֻͨߣǷԱǻʱ¶ĺЦݾܿó
Դˣ̶۵׵ʥˣŷ񶼿ʼЩˡ
ƺôһ˿˿档
ԲĳɱʹЩ߶ԻҰֻزøߣǻȥһ˵»Ұֻػû⣿
ǣԼǿ߼롣Ͼ֪һЩֻҪ΢һܹ֪Ұֻضߵĸˡ
֮ߵĸʵ󲻳ֻҪĳߣ˭ԸҰֻصģ
ɸСǵؿŹŷ壬ճյģޱȡ
ԣŷȥҰֻزó
Ϊһ쵼ˣҰֻصֻҪƿشúЩ˾
⣬ͳ죡


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Ƕ׼Ұֻصġ
ڵĻҰֻضѾ˵߹涨ǱģȻܾ롣
ԴˣЩûͨǵûʲôԹԣΪĻҰֻأܾʸ
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ΪҪǣļ滹ǰ̶ѣҰֻص֮ǰ˽
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ԴҲͬСڻҰֻصһױԴİϡױԴǽˡױԴҲһٶˣĽʮңߣʮü
˵ʮ߰ɣĩڵģжʮ߰ˣȻ׳ڡ
ߵûӣ˵ҰֻûһΪ׵ıԴߡ
ֻ˵ܿͨߵʮ
Ӵ־˵ݣֱù嶼еľҪǴ̸ŷ屣֤˵ҰֻؾҪռ磬ҲԲῴ¹Ļǹ˵ǰҰֻˣ
ȻǰǣڻŰܹ˻Ұֻص
룬ûǸܡ

ӻǼġ
ǻԭҰأɽоУ羰ҲǼ
ʱӻĻԭ֮ڣյ֮£һ˵Ķ龲վȫ尲ûһ˵
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ǰ漸ţǱԴߡ׵һ׶С
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ٿŷߣ졢ï̻ϡºơɡѦ¡桢վţǵϣȴ˸ż˷ܣԼԼڴ
أҶӦ֪ΰǾۼΪʲôˡ
ŷ忴һᣬص˵ͷȴشÿһ߶С
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ǣǻҰֻصľӢԱҲֵεĳԱ
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ͬҰеĵһһһΣŷҲһҪûҰֻصרսһź졯


450 ֻҰУ
ʵҪ˵ĻôǳԼӵԼսӵȴ֮١
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ԣ߶ҪԴķ߲㹻ķ
һıԴȻҲͬǲġԴߵķôڣֻļм߲С
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ΪܴӹŷȡŷӴҰġ
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ΪҪǣǻߵ似
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ȴֱʣȴ£Ҳֻйŷóˣ


451 ֻҰ£
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452 Ұֻزϣ
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˵սӵϽĶλ˲٣ǱϾûܹѵ㵹ǿԺԡ
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Щߵ٣ÿӶжӶߣҲǧˡӼǧߣ
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ŷˣֲ˵ͷֻֻҰЩԱ˿չֳĹͱʾǻž޴ĳɳǱҲԶ˵ֻǰһսһ̥ǵת䣡
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滹ף߽ߡֻϵ򶨺ŨŨɱ⣬ϳµʱͺùһ㡣
Ȼû¶µǾͱʾӦаյģԼ¸ʲô
ȴ֪ǣʵ߽ﶼľ
ղǴ͹ʱ򣬸ûȥӦҰֻⷽжߣʲôߡ
ΪǿҰֻǿҲֻһС磬ǿʲô̶ȣ
ּдŽٱԴߵļһʱо
⻹ֻǧ˵ĹȻнһױԴߵĹˣ
ʣµĺð棬жٱԴߣ
Եһֵµڶּ꣬ʩų˸ӦӦãһӦʱһ𾪡
ǧһ׵׵ıԴȻǧˣ
찡ƺԱȵҽһ׵ױԴߵ֮һ˰ɣ
⣬һС簡ҽ磬еĶ
ôܣ
ȫ޷Ӧġȴʵɲǲţ
߽µõ㣬ǶԼʵгġױԴߣЩ֮⡣
ǵΪǿǿǣǶԸʮױԴأ
ðɣܹԸǲǻʮĽߣһٶ
һ˵ϾޣԴ֮Ҳкľ֮ʱһԼıԴ֮ľ֮󣬿¹ǰ˾ʮױߣһһĭԼ˰ɣ
벻СУȻǿڣ
һ˵Ұֻƺֻ˲һꣿ
찡⣬ôһ
һֻ꣬һѣôǿ˳̶ȣ
ƺܱȵһʵ˰ɣ
ҪٸʱǷչȥ⻹˵ã
ãø磬ңǽô죿
ʱȻҲѾ˻Ұֻⷽߵ̬װɷǳֵӣǽ͵ص
ȴ֪ȴһ˿Īϲ⡣
ֻûκ֣ǹŷ嶼ûз쳣
ߣĺ£
أҲø磬ĻɫҲЩѿǶ˾ֶеǲмص
ø磬ɲܹҰôܻ֪ҰֻػôǿʵϴҰֻԶԶûôǿ
ʱͿɥί
ϸĻῴ۵صһ˿Ц
ȷû뵽ҰֻؾȻǿ˹ز˵ȴǺõòٺõϢˡ
Ϊҽ֧Ԯʵרȥصģԭ򡭡

ΪֵܣǵĹϵ˲ΪǸԵĸ׹ϵӵԭ
ĸҽѶμֻǻûʽζѡ
صĸȴһģ˵Ļǵһ˳λ̳ˡ
ڵĸʹıƣִСǸ׵ĳ谮ֱӵصĸԵ֮λ
һǵĹϵܺ˲Ź֡ҲغֵܵĹϵСͲ
صΪǿö࣬ҽһż˵ҽһﶼΪ
ˣǴСϣضѹꡣֵܽãܻվһǴߣ
˵ĸѾڶμʹıݺĿɲֹظһˡһģֻҪлȡ֮λģܹ길׵ݺ
ˣõܣܱõĹϵദ÷ǳ
ҸΪҪǣҽƶˣҲصүүҲͬĸһҲ簮һûκɵ簮
ҲΪ׵ͬΪϲżʶʵǲǶĵƲδټ
Ҳǻⷽԭʵҽñһ֮¾ʹĴ˵ҽ类ٰܰżδټȻ޷ı˵ġ
ԣֻҪرֵҪҽ綼㡣رǸүүҪ󶼻
ǣҲ͸Ϊ竱ԡǿŮӣһϲɱˣЩ˵ֻ΢Сѡ
ƶֲҾ磬ΪƶܾͶȨѺƶһȫɱȴˣΪƶ𡯣ԭ˺ƶһҵǼͳͳ⣬Ӷ˺ƶķزɥ飬˲ʮ
һԽԽоԽԽ񫡣
ȻҪʲôʲôҲңڣȴԼҽܵЩż
Դˣ̳ӣһֱǺġ
ͬһ綾Ķߣʱһ
ֻһֱûʲôȥˡ
λҰֻص飬ȴҵһᡣ
竣ĻȴҲ̳ͬĸ׵ģƽʱصúԶԶǱ
£ΪĻˡȴûеһʱȥҽȱȥһɱ֯ôл뵽һ˽׳ڱԴΪɱ֣׼ڽսʱǸѾĳ߳Ҷ֣һٻɱʹ޵ģһֱ䳰ȷطޣ
ʵǰҪȷӣʮ߲ʱԴʯĻ˵ľһ˽ĩΪɱɱˣ
Ҳû̫⣬Ϊ˽׳ɱһ߽׳ڣһ߽Ȼ㹻
£صҽ磬Ϊ֮֮£ٰһЩʱĸط޴Ӧǰ˻Ұֻء
£ҽ˲֪ԣ㵽ʱط˻ҰֻصϣҲ֪ʹһЩֶκͼŰط޽ģ
ʱˣҲȫ˵֪Լ۸Լġ
Ϊҽ˶֪Ը߰Ǹ߰ڼȴǿñԼҪ
ô˵Ҳҽˣ۸ˣƲ꣬Ҳһͷģ
⣬ҲıɹҪһˡ
ɣȷɹˡ
ֻǣ֮ǰЩԥ˵ҰֻصʵǺǿˣС磬֪ǿȥҪܹɱ߽ױԴߵļȴǲ˵㡣
ȴֲܹҵģһֱܳɡ
ǣӦҰֻͻȻʵ֮󣬲ϲ
⡣ǷԼҪ
ʱֻҪȵ˫ƴɱòˣǸ˽׳ڱԴΪɱҲֽطɱˣԼٶְʣĲбܽȫɵһʵҲû˻֪ط޵ʵԼһֲ߻ģ
Ҳò˵ļıȷޱȣҲȷǷǳ֮
˭ϵ竵꣬ӵĻ
ŷܿһ㡣ǣȴҲԲ뵽ز
Ӳ뵽Ȼһ˽׳ΪıԴǿߣ


461 սսս
ˣ˵Щʲôã
֪ԼѾƵУĻٿһɥı飬ͲɸΪġ
ҲЩʱ򣬿˿ҰֻؽǧԴߣоʮױߣɳ
Ҳ˵ûսʤԼʵǷǳŵġǣսʤǿսʤθԼ߿ɾΣˡҪǶԷҩƴĻԼޣҪܵˡ
ҩ棬һƷҩ޷һƺá˻ãˣҪüܹȬ
ǣаƷҩ
ƷҩУΪ˳ȥһССС磬һԼƲõģǿɾЩòʧˡ
ЩɣҪҪߣȻȥЩˡ
ظ磬ҾǻȥɡΪ¶ˣֵ
صȻҲǵ⣬˵¡ʱȴǼ۽Ƴ꣬˼ԡ
ʵҲһϲ˵ģǸŮˡ
䳰ȷȫΪԼռ޸صʱһֱϵϷԼʱزڵʱԼֶţһ˫Ҳҳǳ
ռҵʱΪ׳ڣʱŲףǸʱѾҴòôˣûгԵʲô
ˣҲӴ˶СӴҪǻ˼ԼϹõܣ˵ȥҲһԼϹϺܲÿӶìܼӵĵزĻһɱĹεˣ
ȻҲûгԵʲôԭ򡣲Ȼ㲻Լ֣Ҳһأ
Ļһɫһ˿а֮ɫ
ߣµòˣֱǸɱֻɱˣ㣬ȴֻҪǸɱ㣬ûκսʱһϹʬǰ
񶾵طţȻûκα֡˵ݼȷǿ
ǧҪø磬ɩӣҪǾˣϢһȥҵɾǶ˰
һѱһص֪һжҵĴǣұϾҲҽ˰ԼûʲôɾˣǶĿɲֹҵǵҵ
һ˵ò˵ܵӡ⻰Եشһ㼤ȴΨּȴûصߡ
ǻǶôؿԲںȴҲԣԼ˲սˣôˣǴȥĿԼĿҵ
ɫԥһϲ
˿϶ǲܵģҪˣԼԺôûɱǷ޵Ļ᣿
ͼӴ׵صø磬ɩӣǿ߽ױԴǿ߰߻ױԴߣҰֻصıԴǶ࣬ѵǻǲɣһﰡȥֵܽûη㡭
һ仰˵ŴвļˡǾ仰߰أʵȥˡ
ߣҲüңôɲ̣
Ѿȥˣͷȴ˿ŹѹĻᣬһмص
ǣǣøôôõأ
ͷһƬĵЦݡȴһЦ
ü㣿ҾżΣ㻹һϵˣ
ߣΪһΪµһˣ죬ҾҪۿôģ
ҵҲҪǸɱֲҪֱӻɱͬˣؿţ³лģ
ٺ٣ţһֱѹӣӲŪͲ꣡
а뷨ԽŨңԽ񶾣ϵЦԽԽģһ˵治ܹó
ǣһֱǵĹŷȴǺȻüͷ
ǻ¶ݵʱرڹŷ峬̬ĵĸӦ֮£һ¶ڵһʱ䷢
ͷĶ뷨Ȼֻ¶һ˿˿¾վԵط޶ûиоŷȴΪطˡ
꣬϶ֹ濴ԣ򵥣
ŷ޽üɻš
ٿУղط޵һεֵ󣬹ŷֻҰĶԱֹͣ˼
Ϊڳ¼ҽǰ棬ǲ˵¼ҽˡ
ҲǰŷҲˡ
Էվһ𣬹ŷԴҲܻΪԼлܵԷôУȻ֧طޣ˴칥Ļᡣ
ֻеȣȴԷȻԼͿԳ˻룬֧طޣǸˣԼֻҰսˡ
ǣڷһ˿񶾵Ϣ󣬹ŷȴȻ
һͻȻԤУʱͻȻֵԤУڹŷ֪˵֮󣬻ǵһγ֡
ǰŻֶΣԤеģ죬ȴʵЩ֡
ѵ˵ԷΪǿвԤǰӦͲɣ
ɣϾ߽ΪǿԼδӴͲּߵǿʲô̶ȣʲôͨ
ʱȴЩʱΪŷоεԤУȻڻҰ½⵽Ϻ󻪶˵ĹʱҪΪǿң
Ҳ˵һΣգԼƽյһΣ
ǣʲôΣأѵ˵ҽ绹ĳλҪ˵Ѿˣ
һ뵽ŷĵ׾͵һһ˫ʱɨŶԷߡ
ùŷźǣûзκ쳣Դ˹ŷ岢е⡣
֪ΣգôԷҲ϶ǰ˽ױԴΪǿˡԼۺʵǲʵ̫ˣ޷ӦԷټʵ
ѵԷа˽ױԴΪİ⣿
ֻǣּߣﻹҪΣδԼ˲ɣʵݵλһԻ
ŷаתκοܶû뵽Ωûϵ˽ױԴߣרԸøɩӵģ
Ҳȷ˵˼ά治ⷽȥ룡
ΰɣȻԷѾˣڴ͹Ļſڣôһս˵ʲôҲ޷ˡ
ҲţֻҪ˽ױԴһ֣ʥ֪ȻԮ
ʱҲֻǶʧһ˶ѣڻȫû
⵹ǹŷѪںֻҰ˵֮£Ѿѡˡ
ֻУԡѪһս
ˣǾսɣ
ŷ˲ȴв룬ˣΨսսս
ȻڵȴʲôҪսǱս
һ£ƴ˲䲼ŷһֻҰؼо޸Ҫֲ޸ͳСһЦ־޸ֱָأЦ


462 
ȻԷŷֲϲɺĵˣֱӿʼơ
ŷʱ⸱ģȷϹ˵ۡ
ߴ˶ˣͬһļۺڷ裬졣üޣǳֱڷϵǱͬһ
Ȼģ˵϶˧ȴһе֮رü֮䣬һֺܶ˶ûеļҰģɣΪһ˿Էɡ
ٿ˫ָһ޴ͷҫ˹âʩţıԴ֮ȫֱָԷһߣ̬£Ե񣬿˫һеŮĿѣԡ
ʲôӲʶְġ
ɸĿճգг޽
ƶȻ̾Ϣ
棬صһδĸ˸ڱƵ»ȰġԶԼǿУȴη壬սⰻȻη塣
Ŀһе֮ɫΡȻҲǹһЦû뵽СȻӢ
統УǿΪ𡣻ŷڻǿߣǰǡ
ʱµƣضĿ࿴
ʣĸŷ͵ܹӵƵģ
ֲãֲôСͣӵµĳɾͣԭˣ
ذǰɣûͷûԣΪǵİİԴԼʵšܵ˵Իǲģڹŷ֮£;ܿ
٣ȺԣԶԶԸݶԱȵġ
ŷҲû뵽ؾȻû߳ŭ⵹ЩΪЩүһԴ԰Ϊ֮
˵βһս
ŷصЩͣ˫ȴǵж֮ˣ˵ʲôҲãֻս˵
Ϊľǿеǰ治ɫ֮ҲһֱҪﵽľ硣ʵû뵽һֱûۿĹŷ壬Ȼˣ
ҲǹŷǾ仰˫ʱǵˣͣ޷ıжԵĹϵ
ãҾһս
ŷĻҲٳɣһ֣ͳС
Ѿѹŷ忴ԼͬĶˡΪ֪ŷƣҲ϶Դʵ֪Լ߽ױԴ֮󣬻ˣҪôɵӣҪôԼһսʵ
ŷ壬ȻǺߡ
˵⿴ƺܲܣҲǼŵˡоǾ죬Ҳɴȥŷ塣
ǣ͵ֳ׼ǰŷúһսŵȵ˹ŷ֮󣬿ܲܰҺúһҵһԱ֮ʱȴŷһ仰ʱ˵
㣬Ƿһϣ
ŷ嵭Цҡͷ־޸ָͬȻӣҲһϰɡ
˻һ䣬ֹ¼ҽǷˣǻҰֻⷽˣĿɿڴ
ΪҰֻصˣǵȻŷһ·漣¼
ǡ֪ŷǿǿĩΪԸ߽ױԴǿߣҶԷ꣬ͨķޣ
ɾԲһһô򵥰Ƕ˺֣ǶԸһ߽ĩǿߣ㹻˵İ
ڳ¼ҽһĳһòƽƽеȣû˿ر֮ӣʱŷĻٿŷǿ̬ԭƽ͵˫жʱ͸¶һ˾⡣
˶ŷĻסˣ˭Ҳûע⵽ӵ쳣ǹŷУ۽⿴ȥ֮ʱȴʲôû֡ȴùŷ΢΢üͷܿչˡ
ǣϸĻᷢڹŷǣһ˿ֵ΢Ц
ǸӣڿƲסͷ𺳶˫ֱð󣬾֪˹ȥ
Ϊһɱ֣¶ɻġ
Ҳûмŷ΢Цҹŷղ۽߿ģ˫ָôԶûзֹŷ쳣
δҲ̫˰ɣ
¶ԹŷȺͣɱŷ˿ͷҲһŭʱЩ˵
ߣǷ޶սǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
صҲͬһԹŷĻջص
ŷһЦüôǲң
ʲôǲңߣظ磬㲻ϣȥˣ
񻪶ʱŭ߰Ըܹŷһ٣ٶĿֱӶ˵һһͳŹŷ˹
ҲûֹԼӣԼҲûһϵĴ㡣Ϊŷţۺʵٱ̬ĩڵΪ޷ıġԼ߽׳ΪԸŷǲκġ
񻪵ĶŷǵЦŨȴԸ޵ҡҡͷʾʱȲҪ
Ǳ߻һţóȻչĻ϶ԴֻҪ¼ҽ˲չôһжȵԼҲ˵
ʱ򣬾ǻҰֻսʱˣ
ֻŷȴ˸ղڳ¼ҽǷȺӦһ춯֪˰˽ױԴǿߵĻôӦǸˡ
ԣŷһעǷǱߵģֻκη紵ݶŷ嶼ڵһʱ֪
Ȼھ̬˵ȴӰ֮Ķս
ø磬ҪҪɱȥ
ûȥŷ֮սŷ岻ҲѲƤûκκÿġ
ʱȥɱһҰֻصʵڡȵԼЩ˵ʱҲҪࡣ
رǣһ˫а˫ʼնǶųԸеȥ룬֪ﵽĥʲô
غܲϲ˵ȻϿȴܴĻһ˿ָоͬĸ׸˵ĸоһ㡣˵Ƕָо
ȻɱԼȥ
صؿһۣ²ص
ʵѾʼţǲǵȵŷܣȻҺҲѻҰֻصЩ߸սȥ
رһֱϽߣضо档
ʼûע⣬֪ڷ֣߲ιƺǵװͳһģ
ңҺļԴװ
ȻֻҰԱʵȴʵЩˣҽ磬ҲǿҶʵ
ϾҽԵĵˣһЩСǿ˵޵У磬ȴʵûʲôá
ˣǿֻҪûȥúĻ˵ܳΪȥҽԭս֮һսأ
ﰵĥš


463 ԣ
ⲻ²Ļͷʱһ֮
ضѹҲӰһԺ֮г֡ҪĻڿ̲סǸ˽ɱֶˡ
һҲٶ˵ˡ
֪ؼȻ˵ˣôʱ˵϶ǲ˵ġ
У
ʱ񻪵عҲ١õϡ٣Ѧһǳޡ
ֻȴƤޣһؽؽ϶ɵĽޡ˼ͣȴ˼ֹ
ĵһУȽϴĹȴȫһûʱʩչǲʩչ
ôķޣͨ룬ٶܲµһЩ֪ԼϹҪѹŷҽ磬Ȼһ־ǿɱˡ
ΪΪֻҪԼǿɱУôŷͽɣ
ҲţԼȻǿģԸŷȴǴ´ġ
֮ǰŷѾ߽ױԴߵǿ󡣶ڣֻӶԷУܹиӦ㹻ǿҲСĿһ̧󸫡
ǹǵֵ
ҪҲøҰֻص˴ĻᣬôֻĶ֤ԼͬʱӦֵʵ
ҪʲôѵֵҵĹɣ
ڿУҲѾڰ;֮Уŷ徹Ȼֻ̧־޸Ҳ㣬ʹΪ
֮ģķŭˡ
ŷڱͲںԼʲôַʽջ
ߣȻţôҾ֪ʲô߽ױԴߣ
񻪱ŷĶŭеڲѹƣк˹СһȻɲǿɱУȴҲ˶ˡ
Χսǣ¼ҽⷽĶһЦֻŷȫԼ
Ұֻⷽˣ򶼲ΪŷһѺڶԹŷʵһֽäĿεĻ¸졢ɵ˻̳־¹ŷ塣
ˣҲһ׼ֻҪŷκһΣգǶڵһʱ֣
УҲֻ΢΢üͷ
ӦûһλǸڳ¼ҽ󷽵Ǹ˽ױԴɱ֣
ŷֵ̧һ̣еľⲻٴ֡
ľ⣬ȴ˭ó
ֻͬģ˵ע˹ŷϣû˷쳣
ΪȫΪǿߣܹһʱ䷢ŷ̧ĸͷﵽ̺źεȰ
ǹۺ̶ȣԼ۳̶ȣЩľΪͲӦǳһĩϣ
߽ףȻӹŷľ޸иӦ߽ױԴ߲ܹӵе
ۻ̶ȣǻҪ߽׳Ϊ񻪣඼൱߽Ϊˣ
죡ôһ£
Ϊǲֻĩ𣿣
ôܻӵǿģ
ѵ˵ΪĲɣⲻӦðԼð˽ױԴ߰ҪԼǰʵΪôΪٵʮױԴϣ
ʮױԴ
һ궼ʮף
˵ȥţ
ԣЦ뷨²⣬ŷһĳطܹڶʱӵǿȵģ
ʵ²ʮֽӽʵˡֻŷõĲطҩġеһСС
ǹŷзֵģʦĴеиᶼûἰҩԡʵڼߣԼ˰ɣ
Եãǿ߱ȼ
Ҳ˵һΪһױԴߣʹԵĻ͵ǿ԰̶ף
֪ΪȼԽߵģҲԽǿǴĹ
ŷ屾ΪȻֻĩڣȴ߶ͬڵ൱׳ҡʹԣҲ͵ӵ߽ڱԴߵĹ
ڻ̶ȣҩܣֻҪҩռڵıԴʯ㹻»᲻㹻
ԿȷǷǳǿ󣬷ǳ˼飬ǣȴҲûơ
ǾǣԵʹü𣬲ܳʮױԴ
һ޷ʹˡҩӵԵʱΪ϶ѾǬˡˣҲŵˡ
˵һôԡ
ǣڹŷ˵һ̬ļˡ
ӵԣֻҪΪûгǬŷҲ͵ƾȼΪ
Ǻεԣ
ȻҲֻȼѣŷ屾巽棬ȴȻֻǴĩڡ
ԣҪԴ˴غ񻪣Ƿǳѵ顣ǣȴҲǲܵģ
ΪҪˣŷ廹һơ֣
˵Ĳֻҩ֣Ļ׵֣
ҩ־ͲҪ˵ˣ߽ΪغҪƵĻҲ̫ѵ顣
ϾǵΪʵЩˡڶͳ֮ҩҪǵĹ˵ҲԵֵ£ȴҲֹֻܼܳѡ
ԣιŷ屣ص㣬ҩϵ֣ǼżԴף
Ϊӵ߽ױԴߵǿ֮󣬹ŷȫԽϵķȫʩųˣ
ֵʩţǸ߱ģȫ޹ء
Ҳ˵ŷڿʩųżԴ߲ʩŵˣ
żԴʩŵ֣
ֵּǿȣǻ޸ڵҩԶԶ޷ģ
ֻҪŷųغ񻪶ֹءϵع򣬾ƿĿܣ
ȻųûжǳĿԡ
Ҫ˭Ļŷ϶޷˵ˡ
ֻǿܻΪ鱦ǰײ˰
ðɣĽϣҲǸʱа
ļ鱦Ҫѵʱ䲻ʮϵģ
ƷǾ͸ˡ
ΪƷ鱦ļ۸Լʮϣ
Ǯ÷ɧĻǲɵȥġ
ˣⳡսգʵһжڹŷƿ֮У
⣬ҲǹŷĵƣҲڶս߽ױԴǿߵԭˡ
ӵоżԴףֻ߲Ƿҩ˵ȴ̬ԵĻǾԲѡض˶Կġ
ԭȱһɣ
ǣԭȴһԣҲͽʷΪĵһ漣


464 ԡѪɣֻҰϣ
硪
һ
󣬱˲ŵĿУԭڳŷ񻪣ͬߵķݣֱֱʮԶ
ֹԼסˣΧȺҲſڽؿһĻԼǰġ
ˣǣӦñɵģȴ鵭Ȼ̬ݵվԭأƺһжǰ΢һ㡣
Ӧñɵģȴʮף
⣬ôһ
Ժﶼֻʣôһ뷨
ԼҲͬǡ
ȫĵģż΢磬š
˵ˣһϰɡ
ŷ˿ûԼһô˼飬Ϊƽص
֮ǰѾԼۺʵ˴µ˽⡣ԣԼܹ񻪸ˣûие⡣
ŷ仰ȴʱˡĶȴ뻮һ۾ֱٴǰһжȷʵ󣬲˲ڡ
ȥϹϣʲôǣ
˵ģֻҰߵؼߵһɤ֮ԺᲢ۵ߣɤӾŵ
˭ȥѵʵز¶ľ֣
վԵһؼҲͬòٵɤŽе
Ļȴ˼߹
ԣ϶һز¶Ĵ֣Ҳ°Ϊ϶߽ף
һֻҰСӳͷ϶ص
ϻû߽ϵΪԷص̬һ߼ڱԴǿ߸ˣ
ǰǰҲ°˵а˽ױԴΪأ
Ҳ˵˭һŷѩë
ûûѩܺᲢۣ˵ָʷŵأ
ȷʵȷʵ
һʱ䣬Ұֻⷽ߾ը˹һΪʵĻﲻùŷԼһЦá
ûйȥЩĿ⣬ǿ˶ŴͿԼء
ŷǿհӿԼز
ϾڹŷֵһЩ׼ԵҲ̫ʧ̬
ˣﻹһ󲻸ŵġ
˿ȻüΪص˵û㣬ȷǷһսʸ֮ǰСˣ
Լ̬񻪣أܹ
ҲԲŷ˴ݲȣ
Ҳ˵ŷۺʵҪǿ
˵̫˼飬뷨ҲǸ˽ױԴɱֲࡣΪŷ϶ʲôطŻͻȻǿġ
ȴΪŷǿ϶޷֧̫õģϾҪܹ߽ױԴô־õĻҲ̫̬һ㡣
طͺ̷ҩǱһ㡣ʱƿ϶УЧһŷҲ϶ḶΪصĴۣ
ʵ뷨һµȷǿܵġ
ǣܹ뵽ŷǿȴΪ˴ΪͬһӵҩĶأ
£Ƿ͵ҲԲⷽ룡
Ͼ˵ǹŷΪˣǲǬߣûмӵжģ
ԣ˼ά֮£Դ˭ַ뷨ġ
ǻʲôϰɣ
ŷɲȥզġֻض֧ȻֻҰȥս
˵ʵŷȺʵŷӺƵĻȴʵЩˡ
һڴ𾪵Իعһۣ΢΢ͷ˼ǽһͬ
Ҳͬһؿ˹ŷһۺ󣬱Ҳص˵ͷ漴˱һκαسŹŷɱ˹ȥ
һ᲻̫ȴû־
Ϊ統Уûʲôоû˭ΪԶǶ顣
˵ԷʵԼԼȥΧĻȷǻЩǣŷȴԼʵ֤ˣۺʵ֮κһ
ԣֹǲûӡȫԸȡ̵ʱ¹ŷ壡
ҲˣŷЦ
漴תͷֻҰ߳ɱ¾ζԡѪɣֻҰ
𣡺𣡺𣡡
شŷģ˷ܵ˻
˰ԵǿֻҰЩԱĵļ˲ͱȼһսⰻȻżɱ¾Ѫ֮
ֵǣɱ
κ˾ֱָ¼ҽǷߣͬʱͷͬضߺôһһ׵ؾͳų¼ҽ緽ɱ˹ȥ
ɱ
ͬʱźؼߵһԴӳȥҪĵߡ
ȵģȴǧߡһβʣ޾ɱϢֱֱ¶־ĳ¼ҽߡ
硭
ۡ

ֲ֮ͬ˷֮ǳ¼ҽ練ӦѸٵߵֵ¹󷢳֮ǹ͸ʱİȻǧߵĲҽˡ
ҰֻⷽԴڶƾһּ굱˳һ׵ĽױԴߣнٱԴ߹ֵĹɲǳ¼ҽЩʮױ߿Եֵġ
ǣЩΪ߳ıԴ߸ԼľŹ͸üʮױߵ塣ԵһּĹֱӵ³¼ҽⷽǧ˻
ŲĲҽԼһֽڶĹߣ󷽵ԤӶԱһĳȡ
ȴսʸûСΪսרĥֻҰԱģ
ԣ͵ԤӶԱǣȻ¶˾ġԼһҪúֹΪ˵ĸͱԴװΪ˿ԲμѪɱ
ٿ¼ҽǷֻһ֣Լⷽʧ˽ǧˣ𾪵ͬʱΪˡ
ԭָغλ߽ױԴߣȴǱ˼һ˸סˡԷıԴԼⷽļʮ
˵ԼⷽߣǣԷױԴʵ̫ˣ
ǸͲΪǽʮλױԴ߻ԸױԴߣ޷ɱҲסǰ
ˣˣ
¼ҽ޲뵽رǿڳԼĸͷıԴ߶飬ǸǸе
ӣӣӵĻԼˣ
оٽ¼ҽ޲⡣ǶԳ¼ҽ粢ʲô飬Լڵвٲӣʱ
ǣǧ˵ĳ¼ҽֶ㿪һ֮Ҳ룬ԼͬתĴ͹Ļȥ
ϳǻ¼ҽ᲻˶ͲڵĿǷΧ֮ڣ
һУǱҪ


465 ԡѪɣֻҰУ
ӣ
ŷ忴Ҳ׼ߵǧ¼ҽߣǲɷһ˿Ц
ֻҰ׼κһ¼ҽߣ˭һã
ŷɱشٴ𣬶ŷûһ˿ɫʵı仰ֻҰ޲һݡ
˿ỳɹŷ˻ʵԣǶŷ˵Ļһܹ
Ұֻصľȴֻһ
ɱ⣡
Ҳ˵˭ҷκһ¼ҽߣôȴԼģ
˵̫Ͽ̫ˡЧȴǳġ
ŷ廰£һֻҰԱ˲Լٶ˼ޣߵǧΧ£ȥ˻ڰ;УǵĹѾ׼ˡֻ˺ʵĹ룬ͻԥն£
ʱ򣬹ŷҲڰĿתɱغ񻪡ȻЩգʼջǵһ߽ױԴΪǿ߶ս֪߽ױԴǿߵǿʲô̶ȡСʻ괬ŷɲ﷭˴
ԣŷ嵱ʩųҩԴ̽̽ǵĹжǿ
ʵԹŷڵҩܣֻҪҩռıԴʯĹ⣬ôŷͿһֱʩŻϵ֡
ŷѡҩϵ֣ȴҪһ֡
룬˶սʱڶԷΪѾＫޣȳʤȯΪ϶ܹһдǻɱ֮ʱȴȻʩųһǿֳʱ򣬲ԷĹԼʲô˺ԼܹöԷһĹȡõķЧ
ʱȫʵǾһսʤĹؼ
Сˣ
˿ûȥ¼ҽ˵һ˫۾ֱŹŷ忴ţгͬʱд
ȻŷĿŭɴҲӼᶨҪѹŷҽľġڼʶŷʵ֮󲻻ôȥ֣ȴҲעһ·ִ磬ɱһ¾Ͱѹŷɱˡ
ͬʱһγҲٴ˦˽ޣž˵ؾͳŷɱȥ
˵سھղŷؽ֮ԼȫҲɱ˹ŷ塣
ûô˼ɣʹȫҲ뿴ŷۺʵжǿ
ܷɣ
оŶԷӴĹƣŷĵ׵սⱻ׼һЦ˫־޸ͬʱһֱѤ֮⣬֮Уȴַ·̺ɱ⡣
һ̣ŷ岻׼ˣ׼ȫطȫһսȲ˵Լòʹȫ˵ȫսʱ죬ùŷѡ
ԣŷû˿ҩṩԴԴԴϵעԼڣ漴ɹŷע˫֮Сʱƻ׷ٴδǣһӾ͵Ժƽĵز
üһСˣ
оŹŷȻǵǰ˫۽סһ̾˵
ĵ׵˿Ҳɢ֪ԼĹһʱǾԻɱ˹ŷģȻˣôԼҲú֮һսɣ
ҽвϵĳ¼ҽˣһ۵Ƿ
񻪳֮ʣѾ˹ŷĴ㡣ŷúôһȻ취ܲܰҽ磬¼ҽ˾ȫˣ޹أ
ңǳ¼ҽ绹͸κͬġ
ԸɴӦ˹ŷƣһͬ뿪˳¼ҽĵ̣ٱǡҲǼӵ˹ŷһСˣֻŷܲܿóˡ
һʽ
ŷʱϵЦݣرü͵һ˫͸ӭˡ
ӭ񻪣Ƕأ
һʽǹŷԴĸ似ˡѾԴ似ȡ֣۽Դи似ͳΪ츫ӵһʽʼԺÿһУͽаʽʽơ
һŷֱó˳ȥһǿʽһаһʽҸһУ
ȻĻŷûһаһʽͬʱӦǶˣ
ȻɸΪ޴ͬʱʩչģҪʩչĸ˺ü
ģڹŷ˵Ͳʲôˡ
񻪣ҪСˣ
ѾɵŷǰأŷǵͷĹʱɫһ顣ޱص񻪴
֪ģİɣ
Ҳǳڹŷľ޸̺İصĴͻشġ
ãǾúûһţ
ҲŷİԵǿ󼤷ĵ׵ս⣬˷ޱȵؿҫҫۺĸУнӭȥ
̽̽ŷĹжǿ
صĶŷǾͲһ˿Ц⡣
Ҫ˵ٶȡԡȸӦͷӦȵȷ棬ŷҲϲ϶Է
ҪȹȣŷϱضԼ֣
˵Լġ츫ӦֻǬҲֻ似Լģ۵϶ȣϤ̶ȣҪȥѧ˵似֪Ҫ߶ٱ
϶Ⱥ̶ȣʹſԽ似ʩųټԼ԰˼Դ޸Լӵе߽ױԴߵ
ŷţӮҲԲ䣡
ΪɲΪҲԴ似
ȷŷ²Ȼûġ
Դ似ô׵ģ
ء
˫ӽŲͬʱ쵴ص죬ݵĳ¼ߣȻ໥ɱһ˫ߣ첻Լͬͣߡ
رǸʼȺеǸ˽ױԴɱ֣иţ
ٿŷߣ۵Ĺâ˾УͿ״ֻŴĿâ̺Ļоܹоóֻನ¶˲ɱµıԴߣ˲ױԴߣ
ŴĿâûгãգ۹򣬾ȫȻɢȥ˿ĳʱ޲ŴͣĿɿڴؿţһʱ˵ó
ֻ˶ôԭأҲǶû˱ˡ
صĽǸϵֵƣס˹ŷ־޸Ĺ˫ָֽ޵һͷҲǺԼͷֵסŷ־޸Ĺ
ŷ壬վм䣬һͷڷߣͬʱǰĶҲûʲôر֮
ǣΪˣΧ޲͡
ԭΪһֽ֣ԿĿ϶ǹŷ塣
ϾԷֵֹĹɲһһڶԭлǿ˺ü
ǿȵĹ߽ĩڱԴǿߵȫһˣ
ǣȴԶԶǰ㡣ŷ忴ȻûֵãȴҲûгԵ
˵ʲô˵ŷۺʵԿ֣߽ĩڱԴǿߣҲǲضã
찡ֻвһ𣿣


466 ԡѪɣֻҰ£
ۡ
Źŷ۵һȻ³һ̺ѪҲ˺ü֮ͷ𺳲Լᡣ
Ϊŷܹս߽ױԴǿ߶ܲأҲ̫̬һ㣿
ΰɣֻŷղչֳǿ󣬾֤ı̬ʣ¼˭һٲͶս߽ױԴǿߵģ
£ǵķѩҲȲϰɣ
ԣŷһ̵İԵǿȻ˵顣
ֵǣڵʲôɱ
ȷӦġܴУϿǹԺͼ
벻ԼȴӮδ
ǿԵǰ;Լδ᲻Իͣ
ԣ˵ģٴλʱеѪͼ顣˰ȻشһԼٴɱԼǸ֡
һĩΪıԴǿߣ
𣡣
尡
˼ĻﾪѵֻҰߣһκ˳εĺɱȴҪȲŸΪǿҡ
ôһ£Լͷ˵״̬ҲӰߵŷİǿȻûҰֻصǸоԼѪҺʿҲǴδеĴǡ
ٿ¼ҽǷԼ̵غλ߽ױԴǿ߾ȻֻǿȹŷǿһѣٿҰֻʢƺɱʣµЩ˶ĵ׷
ߵ뷨Ҳͬ＾ҰһӾг¼ҽͷӿ
ֱӵµĽǵսһ½ȫ˵ˣʿǵֻҰͬߣȫȫԶսϵĳ¼ҽʿͬߣ
ֻ¼ҽǲŤתĽ֡
ԭվڳ¼ҽǰ꣬ҲѾ˵󷽡
û뵽ȻôһԼΪӮˣҲԲܵս֣Ȼһߵƣ
ŷУҲһĨĿ־塣
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ԹŷΨһһӡ
ԼԶһ侲ɨΧ˽ױԴɱֵʱĵײ԰һ㡣
˵ԼƸɱغ񻪵ģҲӦûᱣԼġΪԼһûиأǲҪˣ
οĲԼԼھ봫͹ĻҲԶˡֻҪԼĻƴΪԼֵһµĻԼһԴȥ
֮ʱ˵Լûܵʲôвġ
쵰ȥɣ
ʱȻһ˷ŭش𣬶һǳԼġ
ʱһæתͷȥʱľͲɷϣ¶һ˿Ц
ĲǱˣǳأ
ͳصǵΪ궼һָֻɵüˣҳػһɱģ͸Ӳˡ
˵ûȥ㣬ȴˡãȻԼôҾͳȫ㣡Ȼúóҳҷƶţ
ῴϲƶŻԼ˷ŭġϲģǳرŭӡΪֻܱϴһ
ľϣүүҾСɱҰ
عȻŭɽˣҲôͬŭʹñЦҲ͵ؽס
վס
ԼĻҪǰȥסɫޱȵؿų˵
Įص˵ͷû˵ˡ
죬һΪʲôô죡
һ֣һҫŹâĳͳСֻĹâȷһ߼Դĳ
ֻ꿴Ҳͬһ֣óһʱһ
ΪóľȻһԼҪһİ˼Դ󵶣
СӣΪи߼үүҲУ
꽩Ӳһµգؾ͹Цص
˼Դ󵶣ϴ¼֮ŷرġһΣڳصıּΪͻݼڣΪҰֻȡ˼棬ش˽һ˼Դ󵶣
ߣа˼ԴΣҪɱ㣬һֻһѹ
ųǵЦһһСӣ³ɺ޾һͬСӱޱȵﻹ̵ס˵ôһ֮һ˳ء
վǸѾЩ˷ִ磬Ͳҡҡͷ
ܹóɱУȴΪ˹⼤ŭꡣΪԷ϶֪Ϊ޷ȣ˷磬ܹսȡһƣ
ȻǴĵ׿ӣر֪ζط޵ıƲꡣ
ȴòʱ׼־ԮϾԼļˣ길ϣ
ֻҪԼûסôԼļҲһᣡ
˫ܿ콻֣ҲȻͬ²ǰ㣬ŭ꣬սеǵƵȻ޴棡
ֻϾ˫Ϊǣʱ˵ҲκΣյġ
ٿȫ
һߵ
ֻҰĶԱڸԶӳĴ£ͬһֻֻɽͻһ㣬ͬһֻֻ˳ĳ¼ҽߵС
رǣֻҰĶԱһȻ˷ܺս⣬ȴûʧȥ侲
Ĺݵ֣Ķ޲ʾԶʤһߵսʡ
¼ҽȴǽȻ෴
·ĹǱĶܣµĶֻʣߵ˼ͶĿ־壬ʹǾһֻֻ׵ûκ
ĲҽУ֮Ǳ鲼Ѫζ
ٿ棬֫ϱ۶˵棬Ļض챻Ѫˮȫ͸˷;Ĳҽ޵Ĳң
ڳ¼ҽңҰֻ߾ǴΪˡ
μսֻҰԱͲö˵ˣһɱòֺںֻʸսԤӶԱһǿ۾ˣ
ǽ̬ľģ˭Ҳ˽սɱֻܻڵץץӣֱȴֻܿš
ǣ¸һҪֻҰ̸ƤģɱҲ̫ˬ˰
һĽΪԤӶԱһ˫۾ͨͨģĽʺ޵ؿսϳƸֻҰԱرǿԼһֱĶҲͬɱø߸ˣͺݺݵش˵
̫ˣնһ¼ҽͷǸĽ߾תͷѪˮϹƵЦݣӵսսʤңҶ˵Ͱλø㣡
ѽСӵţ٣
ǸսĽ߶ʱŭ˵ôһ֮󣬾Ȼʹӿн£ȻڱѪˮȾ˵ĵϥȻô
̫ˬˣɱ̫ˬˣһҪΪֻҰĶԱ
ĵźطĵ
ĴͷʣµԤ߾ܵ˸Ⱦһ㣬Ȼȫӿн£ȻϥʼȻҵ
һĻʹսޱȹ


467 ̸
ס˹ŷһȴһоЩȣҲҪȹŷطޣϥʼ˵ԤӶԱͬһ㶡
սһǼһ
ʲô
ϵļᶨ֮ɫʱȴоĵһ
תͷĬĬؿȥѪĹŷһۣвɵ
ǵļʶȻܹͬʱֳ֮ɫʲôǴţؽϻԻͣ
δĸĵԱġ׳Ҳûĸˣ
죡һ䲻һٵڶ̶һ
ôһĵĳغ񻪶ˣɿʼĽ
ôһȺ£Щߴ˶ҪĽɣ
ΪֻҪûȥٸ㹻ʱ䣬Щˣ˵ܳΪôǿǿߣҲҪһҪΪǿ
޶˶һۣ׷׵ͷƺ¶ĳ־ġ
תͷؿŹŷ岻̸ô
֪Ҫ˵ʲôȰ㻹Ƿͷɡ
ŷĨȥǵѪۣһۣʱЦ
һȴҲûΪŷĻЦЦ˵ҵأһùģҽҲԲûЩˣ
ŷҡҡͷɵػؾлл㿴ǻҰֻˡǾ仰ܣ
ؾͲɿЦһ֪Լ˵ʲôҲˡ
ȻҲǲܵġ룬ؾЦɣΣ
˾ʹŻҰֻؼҽ磿
ŷбۿһۣص
һû뵽ŷ徹ȻԼ뷨ȫ͸ˡ
ȻܹȷѩţҲܹڲһ֮ڣͰһССչزӢǣҲǳ
һ䷢ĵȻҲûϣ˵ͷΪ˵ûҶԹΪԷǳ͹Ϊѡ֪ûеһأ
ҲңֻҪҹŷ˵飬Ƥ˵Ҳã
ŷüͷУƤҲҲŲĩΪ㾹ȻҪҶսһһϣ
ŷ⻰ؾͲЩȷȷźֽŷܣ˵ӿ϶Ƕˣܹѹŷ壬аǱ޵ĻҰֻ뵽Լʲôأ
οֻһˣûǸܹѹŷ£
ΪڸղһֽӴУȻŷ屬һ³һѪʵҲǳܡ
Ҳ֪ŷѪȫȫΪԼ̫˵ԭҪԼҲĩڵʵĻ£ԼѾղöûսˣ
˵ŷǿȣҲԶԶڵĩڣܱ࣬ȵĽڱԴߵǿˣ
ҸΪҪǣԼֵİ
ʵ²õȷûŷڵʣȻȼĩڣǿȣ׵֮ķȴʵʵڵسĩڡѾԺĽڵˡ
Ҳֻͣи֪Ӧȷ档
ؿ˹ŷһۣĵһЦ
ܿŷ岢û˵Ц
Ǻðɣҿɲˣ
ش㽫ŷ峹״ܣȻʤߵ̬ŷ̸̸£߳һһٴɱ
ȻҲǽϣнͬһߣȴĹ
ŷ嵱ȻΡȻ壬һЦһܣ˷ֲֳľ޸ӭˡ
սǺټġչŷԸôܷŹ
˫һεսһ
ֻȴ̽ԵĹˡ˫ŵ˶ԷĹͿ˭ʵǿˡ
ȻԹŷڵۺʵ·ǲɱġ
ǣŷȴԽսԽ£ԽԽ˳͡ԽǿֻҪǿһл߼о뵽Լ֣ŷı֤ԼԲܣ
ûȣطҲǴɫ
컹ֻҰľ˵ˣȫһ浹ɱ
غսҲ˰Ȼ׶Ρֻ·ȴʵǿ꣡
ֻΪ걾ǺŭսսԼȴûȡκƣʱʱԷѹƣɾ͸Ǽͷŭ
սɵľҷ磬ʧȥǡҲ͵ظѹƵľ档
ңشƴɵͣȫ˻ˡ
ˣȻǸѴѲ
˵һսǱ
Ҫ˵ȫ֮У˹ŷһֱڴ漣ı̬֮⣬սһǺһǳɣ
ֻҲʣûһ֮ˡϣȴ˷ܵЦݡ
ٿĶ֣Ȼһ׳Ϊǿߣϵ˺۽ֻǱȺһѣȴǱ־ռ
ԣǿ־壡
ڴ͹ĻҲֻҰ߸Χסûκһлݵʱ֪ҪƴһսлĿˡ
ڿֻҰЩͬǻһֱеɱıԴ֮ͷȥѰֽͬĴ㡣
ʱÿ˺һӦϲطֶԷΪƺŸոͻƵһ׳ڱԴã
Ϊ˷ܡִͬӮССһױԴԼɲӮ
˿Լ޳ܣҲ룬ͳź˹ȥ֮սһ
ʼʱȷǴռϷ硣кܶζѺɱԼˡ
ǶԷȴƵģԼϿʮˣԷȴȻԽսԽ¡
ʱûʲôоаأҲعΪͺǵĹܸԼʲô˺أ
ɾ뷨ױˡ
ԷĹ˵жôǿǵĹʽȴԾ˿ͷ
غϣϾѾ鲼˲˺ۡ
Ȼ˺۶˵ôӰսɶĥȴʵʵڵġ
ͬŷսĳºһ㡣
رǸоԼԽԽȥָоҲǿ
ڣԷƺ֪Էûжˡ
ǣϲؼӴ˹׼һԼ־ߡ
ɾʱ͵ؿԷںڵϺȻ¶һ˿ЦݣûӦ׳ʲô飬͸оԼĲһȻ˾һת
ȻҲֻͷ­תԣ
ʶŵʱ̣һžͳС
ǰ欣ǰɫǰĻ¡

һ뷨


468 ɱ
ۣ㶼һױԴ߱Ƶѽ
ɺһЦ˵
һ˫ĿȴǲƮŷ巽ÿÿһŷǶս߽ױԴǿߵ޵˵ʱеĳԺԺԽŨһ֡
Ĩ˰ϵĲ֪ǶԸĻԼѪˮԾһЦˣϱͱҿЦˡ
ϵξԲװġΪɱûʲôֵýġ
ڵʵ׳ڣҲûԽȥɱߡ
ǣ¼ҽǷ׼ߣ඼һ˸ˣҶۺ϶ˣҲɱˣŪһֱɱ˵ڶأ
Ļĳɣȴ͵һ͵ɴһ˫Ŀʵ㣬ղŽʲô
һ㶣ͷӦ˹ղԼƺһʱڿ졭˳ɵϱ

ͲЩ˵ѾЩ϶˳ϱ˼ҶûȷϵأԼ˵ȷЩʡ
Ŀڣͼһϲص磬ԺƺŶ
ۣһ˫ĿֲƮ˹ŷ壬Щ΢
һЦ΢΢̾Ϣ
Щ죬Ȼ˳ɺ͹ŷ֮ĹϵһŮҰҺޣҲƯԼϱҲԲ˹ϵܡ
ֻǣ£Ҳʲôֻ̬ףǶܾ޳һŵϱһͬΪɷı࣡
ţɡ
ֻһС
ݹȫڣҲѾ˰Ȼ׶Σ¼ҽǷ˹룬ֻʣµһС뻹ڿ֧ţ޲־ȫޡ
ʤǳѡ
ŷǱߣҲͬ˫ŵ״̬˿Щ·֮⣬֮ǲֲ٣ʵ൱
Ļģضطޣ
ҩ֣ӹɵġ
˶ûע⵽Ľ䣬һӰԹٶ񻪶Ľӽš˹ŷ壬ûκһ˷ټ
⻹ǹŷһֱעǷԭ򡣲ȻҲ޷ֵĿܣ
ҲСģùŷǸ˵ĽӽЩ׼
ֻڣŷȴЩɻ
Ҫ˵ԷҽǱߵ˵Ļܴôã˶ôųġ˵¼ҽ粻ҽˣԽ࣬ڵսҲûκΰ
ѵҽˣ
ŷɻ󣬲ɵÿغ񻪶һۡ
ģֻŨҵս⣬ûʲô顣Ȼǲûʲô֡Ҳ֪ͬǸ˽ߵĴڡ
治ҽˣԼгҪԼģ
Ҳ̫ܰӵа˽ױԴߵҪԼĻôԼôģ
ͱԷ˸˰ɣ
˵ԼҲǵûеǿ߰
ŷ˼⣬ϵĶȴҲҲû˿¶
ڰ˽Ϊĳǿǰֻһ쳣пԷľ
ڻ֪ԷĿĵʱ򣬻ԲӦĺá
ŷҲطǸϣֻҪκβĶŷ嶼ỹԥӦԡ
棬غ񻪶һ಻ԡ
ڣǶԹŷǿ󳹵ûƢ
ŷǿԶǵʵ޷һĩڱԴߣô̶ܱ̬ȣ
ðɣʲô̬طʱˣǶôˣô˵ЧҲӦҪɢȥ˰ɣ
أôŷ
˵Ͳط
ôܣ䲻м٣ôҲʹΪҲǼٵġ
Ϊʱϣûĸ̬ڲһ;߽ףǸߵΪģ
ңҲĵȷȷֻôǿҲ޷˼ٵġ
ɻˣҲҿ϶ŷΪƲᳬĩڡôӵǿͳ־ս
ôãԼоڼ»ˣΪθӾ
طʵ벻ŷ嵽ģ벻ôô̬ġ
ʵֹΧһ˲뷨
ŷһǳֿȵ˼£
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һֹ֮ŷǰԵף·Զ֪ƣ۵Ĺ֮Ͼ̲֮࣬סظش
ȻҲ֪ڳʲôƣ֪Ҫ˶ã¼ҽⷽȫˡǹŷһˣԱȵԼ֣ٵȻҰֻȺӵпֲսĶʱĻôԼ˽춼Σˡ
ΪʱŷֻҪסԼˣʹԼ˸鲻ȥԸߣôҲ͵ڳ˵Ļӡ
ܹס˵ļ幥Լʱɣ
ĵ׳˵ġ
ԼӵĻҲʼЩԥ
Լ˻˵ûܹӮҪܵĻŵġ
ǣҪĻǾûлѹŷҽˣһ޴ʧ
ҪԼȻңȻٰѹŷˣ֮ŷ룿
Ҳֻ취ˡ
Σ˵ʵǳ˱
һΪĩڵ߸ѹƳһԼ֣һǳƵ¡
׼ͷͬ⣬񻪾ʹȥ֮ʱŷǰԵĹȻһͣȻŷصĻͿٴԼУ㿪
㿪
ͬʱյŷ崫Ĳֹ񻪡
ǽһ񻪵ķӦҪ㣬һʱͲ֪ʲô¡
ʵҲûзӦŷΪͻȻ˵ôһ仰һõĴڱܣԼԹŷĪһ˿ΣҲ룬һԱ߼ȥ
ڶ㿪һ̣ȻоһɳǵĺɱԼʧɫʱȴۡһ죬˺ѷεһĻˡ
ֻԭص񻪣ؿڲλһ͸ضһƬѪɫ
ȴӦĻᶼûУͿԼؿڴһѪĽ⣬漴ʹ֮б㴫ȫ
ʱȻҲӦ˹һʱķӦҲǶ㿪ǣһɿ񱩵ȴ˳ǱԼ塣Ѿˡ

˫˲ͨ죬һ˫ʧȥǵ۾Ϳ񻪵
һòͨˡȴΪͨˡΪӶԷϸоһǿϢϢ
˽ף
Ȼһ˽ױԴǿߣ
Ҫɱ㣡
ŭģʧȥǵûȥԼǲǶԷĶ֡
ǻеģֻô벻飬ҹĻЦԼղдɱǹ˺ѷΡ
ȻģҪǸɱԼӵ˸ǣʬεĳǳޣ


469 Ȼǲȣ
Ѫ۲һеԼɱǸϵıĮû˿
˵صĹûκвֻΨһЩϧǣղضԼĹʹԼ֮°ѹת񻪡
˶Ҫɱģ˭ûд󰭡࣬ɱֻǻһЩѶȶѡ
ҲֻһЩ
ৡ
ԥؾͳ˴ڵĽܣнӭ˳ءУһѪζ
˵һ㹻ɱˡԼҲԴȥȻҲ˳˳ˡ
Ȼȥʱ˰һߣΪʣµһͻڶԷأ
˸ɭɭ⣬صʱǴһ΢ĺ̶ȡ
ȻҲ֪һֻҪ̵Ǳɵ³
ǣȴû˼ȥ˼Լˡӵ˷С
Ψһ뷨ҪͶԷƴ
һɣһɣ
ȻعһشЦһ֣Ȼץһҩȥ
ûȥЩҩﶼʲôֻҪǱǿҲϧֻܹԷͬھΪԼᣡ
ԼҲӻۡˣȪ·ϣһҲµǰˡ
ȳʤȯΪһٽػɱǸɱ֣ؾȻóһѼǱҩȥʱһ
ûмǱأɱȻǺѹƴصĻһɱȷǿɱɣԼҲڶԷƴع֮ɥ
û뵽ԷȻ̶ȣΣֻһתȥ
ɲһԼòײ˽زûأ
ҲٵˡȻԷҩôҲԼҲˡ
ܣ
ؿԷȻȥʱΪŭǿ˺üٶٴγŶԷ׷ȥҪԷʬΣ
ɶԷȴᣬҲǷǳݣҲΪ侲
Ͼİ˽׳ڱԴΪǣɱٶȷΪóģһʱҪԷӲƴȻǲܵġ
ߵĶȫ˵Ĺע
һߣͻȻԵһĻ޲ŴͣЩ
ǲ֪ôŴţͳһ߽񻪸ɱˣ
ǸƺԼҲûмѵǹİŵģ
ҴӶԷɲ⣬ȴӴϢиӦƺԷҲһ˽ױԴǿߣ
찡Сս߽ױԴǿ߾һǳ˼ˣȴֱĳһΪǿİ˽ױԴǿߣ
ƺһսٻɣ
ȫҲֻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
񻪱ɱֲһе̷ȡҩһޱȿ⡣
ôԹҲһȫͷţţʹȥ
Ϊп졣У
ȴһֱţûжٹȥⲻͷǷŭ
Ÿʲôɱ
͵תͷͶǸ
ɫȻĮŭȣͳ߷Ҫȥ꽫ظɱ
ǣô⣿
ֻŸոնȻֻɱκ͵ǰ
ΪֻڣκĩڡκʵĩڵеٮٮߣһʱǸκã
ΪŭͬʱĵҲһ˿η塣
תͷȥȻ֣ԼⷽȻѾ֮һԼҽױԴǿߣڸֻʣĩڵĻսšڸԱߣȴʮΪڶţ
ԣĩߵĽҲͶˣȥǳѣ
ʱЩĻԼⷽҪȫȥˣԼܻ
رǿȻϰλԴ߶ǽԼкƶһЦؿԼΪ־
죡Լߵôô죿
ƺСʱɣȻôࣿ
СӣõϹϣҪõ·ҿǽӻϹϣ
꾹ȻĴΣؾ͹Цֿʼ
սУͿһֱûʲôʲôͲġ
Ҳ͵һֱڷŭУûôע⵽Χ
Ȼͽϻһ𽫳ظɱȻˡĵӣǲܵȵΣյľҪܵġ
صĴûзŭΪʱֻʣ¿־塣
죡ҩңȻˣȫҲø
в֮£Եȫ֣һ߻ӦųصĹһЪ˹ضԼǸ
Ǹԣһ̾
ʵڳ¼ҽⷽòʱѾûԼܹŻȥˡ
ʱҲȫ꣬ϽǣûС
ΪҲ
ˣԼţԼԼļҲͬᡣ
ԼҲˣôҲֻܹԼѣĸαŭҲǲǣԼ˵ġ
Ļ˭ȥ
ҪǻһôԼܹˣ
Ǹĵ׵뷨ԣûѷŭеܡ
ȴҪƴˡܲӵóȥǾ͵ÿԼ컯ˡԼƴڻǣ
һ룬һ֣ͺԥȡҩ˲ǿ˼ƿκ˹ȥ
˵ŷߡ
ľһֱעǸɱ֣ԶǸɱֵһһ۵ס
ŶԷĿҲһ׼ֻԷˡ
˵ʱȷû뵽ԷȻǳԼġڶԷֵһɲǣܵؾ׼ܣȴȻ֣ԷĹȻǳȥģ
ʱһ룬Ҳ֪ں⣬ֹͣ˹ʹˡ
ٶȻһЩټ񻪵ķӦûصĿ죬ԾͱԷһ̴ࡣ
ߵǿʬ嶼ḯãҪʵ÷飬Ҳû˴Ŀˡ
漴̷ҩһеȥǸɱƴһĻ
ŷ岢ûиȥվԭأüͷ˼ʲôУȴǱ
ȣǲȣ
ŷһֱ˼⡣
ʵػ񻪲ûжУڸղŵĶսУЩ棬ԷҲһЩֵģȻԼܻɡ
Թŷ岢ûҪԷɱֻǻܼɡΪ֮ĹϵҲ⵹Ҳһõһ㡣
ҶһѣܱȶһҪá
һ룬ŷҲ¶˾ġ
ȣ


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ʵȻһѾȥ֮ˣڱ˵һ˼飬Ҳܵ顣Թŷ˵ȴʲô¡
˵Ƿǳ򵥵һ¡
ΪȻεġб̬似ڣ
ֻǣùŷԥģȴǴ磬һֱûзֹȿ似ڡԲ룬֪Ȿ似϶һǳ֮˲ãǳ֮
ԣùŷԥˡ
һȥôԵģ޾鷳ǻ֮Ҳ˵
ҪǿԽ֮˾Ȼ飬̫ˡ
ȻҲ̬Ҫһ˵ɣĵȷȷһĶ
룬ҪһǬǿȥĻһ߾ܽȻ⽫һôըԵ¼
ʦʦѦ̱ΧȴΪ̫⣬Բŵ˫˫ȥ
ΪʱûʱȥַѦ̣ҵʱԼԹ˲Ͼʱȥץ
ϾⱾ似ҲûƵġǾȥ˾Բܳһʱ䣡򣬾޷Ȼ
ңʱȥɣ
ΨһùŷЩɻǣΪ̷ȡҩȥģΪʲôɱ󣬲¼ΪһѦַ̱Լأ
ѵ˵ַҲܳʮױԴ
ƺҲֻһֽˡȻ޷͡
ˣⱾ似̶Ҳˡ
Ȼоһ£ŷҲԥ
񻪵ӣŷͶеش侲ҿԾӣֻҪסɣ
ŷĻһ䣬ԿԸеص͵һȻôֱ㶵վԭأǲźͿϲؿ˹
ңһԽȻֻҪһʱУ
ŷִޱȡ
Źŷе棬غԥؾͺݺݵص˵ͷȻѪۣŷȻؿеĿϲ͸м
ŷͳ΢΢һͷ룬˵ģҲԱ֤㲻ȥֻҪ㲻÷ǾС
ããһסģҲһעⲻǵģ
ؼͰ͵شʹ˹޸м˵лл
ŷЦŵ˵ͷûٶ˵ʲôˡ
һͱ񻪵ӳų¼ҽǱ߼ٷȥĿⶨһһͲǺ˵ϡ
һ֣ǸֻʮױΪ߾Ͳ˹ŷǰûüӦʱ򣬹ŷһԶԶسӻҰȥ
ŷĻҲһ̴˹κȫעãһ¼ҽߣʣ
ǣ
ѾûսӦһ֣ҲսĲֻҰ̾ͽʣµļǧ¼ҽһһΧһ϶Ϊ衣
ŷĻǴǶˡû˸Ҵ⣬ҪһԼɾˡ
ֻҰˣʣµЩ¼ҽɳ׾ˡ
ǾӲˣҪԷƴ֮ǰ汳İɣԼҩһ£;ԻкüͬʱΧ⻹ô
ԣųɵͶͶˡ
ֻͶôһ˿Ŀܣ
ȻܶûУ
ųųɵͶʣµȻҲû˭Ҽսȥ
̶ֻ̼ʱ䣬˳غ꣬бΧɱǸԼ߻ս֮⣬˶ֿͣʼս
ЩͶߣҲֻǱֻҰΧסˡûйŷָʾͶȻȥɱġ
ȻﻹǶڹŷ徹ȻܽѾȥӾȻмŵ뷨ֻѡˡ
ԣڴصҲ侲˲٣Ǹ˽ױԴɱֵȴȻɱ⡣
ɣҿ˽ߵжôǿ󣡡
ŭһɱ˹ȥ
ΣȴûôһˡΪؼǵùŷĻ
ֻҪǷǣôԼҲԲ
Ǹ˽ױԴɱ֣Ȼһжɻ󣬸֪ǸԼޱȾɵΪκȻȥصĹǲԸ֮࿹ġ
ԣѡ񲻶ߣֻЧȥȥ
ְ֣ŷǸȥ
վڳ̻ߣǲؿŹŷȥķɻʵ
̻ҲǲҡҡͷҲ֪
ɾͲٶ˵ˡϾ֮ٸ̫˼һ㡣Ǹ붼ûȥ롣
ŷ廳б񻪻ЩȵĽԴ֮ޱȾֵǸһ·ǰУһȽƫƧĻҰ֮бͦ
񻪵ڵϺ󣬹ŷͰĿתǸߡ
㣬ʲô
ֻоһɣǽסԼӴ˲ɢȴһ˿ݵ뷨ֻ˶Ӵؾֵزʵ
벻
ŷʵ
ߣŷûκͬġ
Ϊڻûʼս֮ǰ߿ųɵаĿùŷǳˬԾͼס
սдŷ嵱Ȼκԥؾѡ񻪵ļƷ
Ȼ¹ŷȻ˵ǹ˵ʩչ
似ͲȥѧֻҪ߶ʩչҪǣûⱾ似ߣǲ֪似õģȻҲͲ֪һʩչͻᶪԼ
ҲֻΪһԼ𺦵似ѡ
Լܵʲô
룡룡
һŷ徹ȻԼ벻Ȼ޷ţȴû˶˼
Ǻãʩչ
ŷĮص˵ͷȻ͸ñԴ֮۳һ֮¶һ˿ЦݣģֻʧһЩΪѣ㲻صġ
ֻǹŷЦ΢һģȻ˵ͷͿǼ֡
ס𣿡
ŷ΢Цʵ
ס˼סˡ
ͷӦЩɲؿŹŷʵ⣬ǸģңֻʧһЩΪ𣿡
ǱȻʲôõģ뵽϶ȥŮйء
ˣ㻹Իھɱ㡣Լѡɡ
ŷЦݣٴص
Ϊ֪߾Ի
Ȼв֮£һҧžͰǸ֪Ĺ켣ʼԼڵ
ֻһʩչױ˲侪
ûʩչǰ֪һʩչоԼ֮ȻԼٶʧšʱٱҲôˡ
ǣⷽѾʩչ޷Ͽֻдޱȵľֺ;оԼһزȥ


471 
ʱؽţоԼҩЧɢԽԽ
ȷԼֶܼãٿһᣬԼɾ͵ֵסԷˣ
ɾʱֻоԼ͵һ𣬷·һѹѹȶ£ѹԴԹŷԼȥķ
϶϶ˣѣѵܹ
һ뵽ˣľͿʼޱȼоǹɷ·ӴϢѹʼЩŹŷĻˡ
Ҳֻ˰ƴܹȻ񻪰ɣ
Ҳ룬һ֣ǱģȡҩֱֱȥڵΨһ뷨һҪڹŷ嵽֮ǰסߣ
Ǹ˽ױԴߣȻҲӦǹѹ
Ҳֻ߽ΪϵǣܹôԶľоõΧˣûзǷ쳣
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ǸʮױߣϢȫ޵һߣԭϢǱòޱȣûһϢòˡ
ȥϣǷԹ޾֡
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ңôѵǵ𣿡
񻪵ļͣȥһ̣ΧһУٿ˿ŷ壬ʵ㣬Ҳˣ
˵ŻϸһΧ龰оͳ˾ɡ
ѣѵǵɣǵôҲԴ޵Ĵڣ
ȫûԼûǸ˵ȥ롣ΪڱʱܹظоԼڿٵţӡԼѾˡ
󸴻
ⷽ뷨УΪʵ̫˼ˡ
񻪵ĻŷεǼ⡣
ûУҰȻˡ
ŷεؽ͵
񻪶ʱһȻûзӦŷġȻʲô˼ʵصҾȻˣѵȲŲû𣿡
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֮£һֲֶŷӦĿ͵˳Źŷָָķȥÿһ߲ޱȵʬ塣
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ҵȻỹҪͬķصסԹŷ޷񻪺£ɴ˵ǵĸм֮顣
ŷϲʲôˣһ¶ֻԼΣաҪΪغ񻪶ֵΣֲ볹ҽĻᶯķʩȵġ
ʲô㣬˵ѾȥˣȻطô˵Ʒң
һ֮񻪲ƺԴϣʱʹӵվŵʵ
Ÿոո޷ܺõĿƣԴҲһѣΡԲһվͿƲסسŹŷ巽ȥ
ŷʱȻ߿ˣһ̧֣ͷס񻪵˫磬񻪵µĻȱȽϴ󣬹ŷֲ̫񻪵ĺ촽Ͳ˹ŷ͡
ŷʱˣ˲ˡ
ԣԲ𡭡
æվֱ壬ղͣʵޱɬ
ڹŷƤǴģǺġܿ飬صûȷˣҲȷҸ㡣ǣΪұܣҲط֪֮⣬׽ҲҪ˵
Щ죬ղŹŷǳϢ촽ڶֱŷĻæ˵ͷ϶˵İɣңдǾԲ˵ȥģ
ȻڴȻ޷ŵζͬ״¶ڹŷҪԡ
οҲ֮ˣ֪Ҫǹŷ壬ˣԼҲԲлߣ
ԹŷмޱȣԼǹŷ岻ѣҲԲὫµ˵ȥ
ŷĵܹޱȵش񻪵Ϣиоȷû˵ѣɴΪЦ
ղ񻪵Ϣκһ㲻ȷأԥضֽɱΪҽ糹׽˵ȥɻΣգ
߰ɣ˻Ǹɱ˶սǸϽȥæɡ
뿪ʱѾ̣ŷҲٶȥػֲסԷɱ
һԷɱ˿סǸ˽ױԴɱˡԣΪԼİȫΪ˲й¶ȥŷֻаǸԶӻܹģ
ãǿ߰ɣ
һؾȻǸ˽ױԴ߶սʱһȻܹԷս϶÷ҩСޱȵؼС
ŸոջָܷУ˺ü鶼Уֻܸż
ɡ
ŷһЦ׼ñԴ֮סС˭룬һ죬Ȼֱ۱ס˹ŷĲȻŷΪҪˡ
ŷʱһЦãڿûʱȥôˣҴҶСˣӴȻȥʲô
һͱͨϼ񻪾ֱս˹ȥ


472 ս˽ףϣ
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˺ܿսԶԶأͿԿûȵغǸ˽ױԴɱ֡
ԶǻҲʵ꣬Щ֧ŲסصĻ
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ţҲ̫̫
˶֪ʲôȥˡ
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ƺǬ߶ûɣ
ģ
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񻪴˿Ȼޱȣû˹ŷĶæ˵
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ܹսŷ츳ֵȷΪ𾪣Թŷ彻طȻΪ£õĽˡ
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ŷ彫޸ڼ֮ϣŰԵͿҰԷĻмб۵
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ԣŷʵʵûаѶԷΪ
ԷҲëͷСӿɱȵġŷôһ仰͸ҲͰ׻ôˡ
ǣȴҲӹŷĻҪŷطǲܵˡȻˣǾֻɱˣ
ɱкâһʱҲٶ˵״ʽһּع켣ֱֱغĴȥ
һ£ʵطֻоԼĿڴĵġ
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ڹŷ壬ʱȲᣬȰвĳȥ˵
һ̣ǰ˽ױԴǿΪ֡ڹϱʵ屶ػҪ㡣ǵĹͷḻľԼӦٶȣȴԶԶ߽ڿԱġ
ԵֻͻһУ˾ԵıСֻһֱԼĺģȴûǸʱȥܣ
ѵҾҪô
뵽ȴûʲôη壬ΪؼǵùŷĻֻҪԼǷǵŷͿԱסԼ
˵֮ǰŵĻôԼӳɹȴûκλɡ
ֻɱֵĹĻȡЧ
𰸣ȻǷ񶨵ġ


473 ս˽ף£
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ԣҲֻһˡ֣ɾżԴףǳٻ߾ŽױԴǿʩŵģ
ɣŽױԴǿߺͳ㶼޳Ҳֻʣһ㣬żԴף
תۿȥȻ֣֪ʲôʱŷ徹ȻѾվߣһֻŶԷĸ첲Ȼղŵʩţ
㣬㾹ȻоżԴף
ɱֵɴʵ
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ԣҲֻһ˼ԴĻ׶ѣ
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治֪ŷ嵽׻жٵûг֪ŷۺʵǿʲôز
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ŷһк޻ڣȫȻƾԵᣬΪ֪Լȱ㡣ͶԷʲôɺٶȣԼʲҲǼȱ
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ˣԷ˽׵ʿɲǸǵġֻƺһ󣬾ֱ׷кҲǹâ˸룬֪һĹжǿ
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һϲ֮£æһлǽֱصĲȥ
ΪɱֱȽעɺ͵ĹԾصĲҲֻὫĺȻעƻڵ֯𵽿ٻɱáЩǰ㣬һ㶼ֱӿԷͷ­
ȻҲһ㣬װһֺ;ģȴĵ

ԶһĺͻȻг˾뱯
غ͹ŷ岢ûиǵĴ㣬Ϊֻڲ֪£ֳı˲㹻ĿŶȡ
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ɱ־ǹһЦȻŽһصĲ
ڻûѪҺ֮ʣɱ־Ѿڽϵעصڣ˲ͳص嵱УȫƻĲˡ
صԭգͫףȴ𽥻ɢ˿ȥ
оŵɱǾͲֳһ˿Ц⡣
¶ЦݣЦڽԼввȥˣԼרĶԸŷˣ
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ջػĽ׼רĶԸŷ֮ʣȻһɼΣյϢԼ֡
оΣϢ̺ӴɫȻ䡣
˭˭ôǿѵﻹһ˽ĩڱԴΪǿ
⣬ôܣ
ɱִʱҲûһ˿ݣֻʣľźĿ־塣


474 ϣ
ɱֽػɱƷǳɣʵǶȫ
ȻҲ֪ԼעȫȥصĻһὫ¶ʱŷ幥ĻǾ޷㿪ġ
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ǣԵȴǹŷ塣һǶصƣһһĹŷ壡
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Щȫ㵵ţΪǱŷ屧ŵģһŷ˸ӦҲֻﾪɶѣû˭ǰ̽ġ
һǾ仰ԸȥйҲȥ˸ڣ
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˻һҲ͵Ϊ˼黮һȺšȻΪ񻪻ûȫָ˹ĳɡ
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ȻȥƣֻǷǳֹŷ˵ɲŹŷǸӦˣ϶ԭġ
󣬵Ҳϲغôһ仰ΩΩФ飬ɿʼԼжϣԼǲΪ̫ͣԷϢӦ
ɵһ˫鶯ĵأƺӲҪϿһЩʲôĿɰ˵һͿĽ飬ŷһЦ
ˣ㶼
ŷЦشЦ
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˵һ仰ʱƺ͵ʲôһ˫Ķ˵ķֵɵôģ𾪵صţŷ壬ѣѵܽ˸
֮ǰҲȥӣ֮󱻹ŷߺȴ漣ĳʹвµһЩʲô
˵·˼˼㣬˵Ļʱŷ屧񻪵ʱȴûκֹΪأ
ΪҪǣ񻪻֮ܿѾȡҩȻʱϵȷЩģȴĺ;顣
ʱսУû˻ⷽȥ룬Բû˾ʱ񻪵ʲôԵĵط
һɾԽᶨԼĵжˡ
ĻһеķԼľϲֽ̬νͣ
ǺǣҲ
ŷͺǺһЦ
ڳɣȻɣҲϳ֮⣬εˡ
ɾʹסˡ
ܹȥ˸
죡ѵ𣿣
ԣ϶Ȼô
ȻҲ֪ŷǡ񡯵ĿԾǸȴʵ޷ʲôĵˡ
֮˸
ˣóˡҪϽȥȻȹһʱ䣬Ǵˡ
ŷûٶȥɽͣ˵ôһ󣬱һ֣һͱѡеĳ¼ҽ߾ͱıԴ֮
󣬹ŷҲûд񻪣һֻأһֻץǸ߾ʹҴҳ֮ǰǸطȥ


475 У
ֱŷıӰԶʧɲԴ𾪵л
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ôô룬оǰĲʵ̫á
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ϲ
ڳ֮ʣ񻪵ȴȻ
ڹŷ뿪񻪾ûȥʲôˡ
ΪˣȻҲܴӳɵ̬пԹŷ⣬˵գգЦʵ
Ȼû뵽񻪻Ȼôһ䣬ȽһŮԶûôɬȴҲʵʵڵĻƻŮȻֻر˽ʵЩ˼
Ǻǣʲôúߵġ
񻪾Ц˵ƺǵĹϵûߵһ
ղ廹һֱ֮ͶԳɺǸмҪ֮á
ǶԹŷ壬Ұֻض˸мɡ˵˭ԻҰֻزĻһͲͬ⣡
֮رȵĻԼˣֶ飬
ԣĹϵضȻˣǵȻùϵڳɵĸйҲȷܺá
ʵ˵ܹͬԵŮӣЩǿŮ֮⣬˭ûкõĹ۸أ
񻪵ĻɬݶʱȻ
һֱԼԸȥһ⡣֪綼ȴֵֻŷȹһӡ
٣ӵ֮ǰˡ
Ȼ񻪾Щ˽ʲô
ųǵͷɣ񻪶о룬֪ʵŮ˵İ鶼ҪԼȡģǧҪΪŮ˾ӦôڱԾӦҪ
ʵֻҪĸˣŮ˾Ӧ÷ԼɬȥֻܹػԼİ顣֮ܿ밮ʧ֮ۡ⣬Ϊһź
˶٣񻪾Ϳ˳ɣȻҲ˽Ҳֻ˵˵Լĸܶѡ񵱳ҺͰظ磬ġ
񻪵ЩŮãǶڳȴûжô
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ǿЦɬҲû񻪽͵˼ϾֻԼ޷Լġ

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ŷԣǳȻص˵ͷĵл
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ôطޱض꣬ŷֲܷŹ
ԣ󴫵ҽϢ϶ͻǻҰֻظϾɱء񻪡ȫɱˡɽἫҽŭ
Ȼйʥı֤ҽĹƣŷȴԼΪֻԼܹεġ
ңǵĻ϶Ƿһ飬ŷȴϲǷˡ
ˣһ֮£ŷ;Ⱦ˵ԼҲھǵʱȫ۲ǵϢһκβ쳣ŷԥٻɱ
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ߣĻ᲻֪
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͵ˣ첻µزµģҲٻЭġԹŷ̬ȣʵغǲܹ⡣
Ҫ˵ŷҽıŻЭģôȥŵġ
£ôܻεսʹˣ߸ɴԼһ֮زز˰ɣ
ˣ㲻öˡҲָˣô͸Ͻ߰ɡȻ˵ʲôʱҾͻıˡ
ŷȻҲȥؽԼôԭ˵ôһ֮󣬱һץץסصĸ첲ս˹ȥ
ŷٶǺܿģȵŷʱ򣬳¼ҽ󼸸Ͷʵûܵıػɱ֮⣬ȫý
ԿһۣŻһǧˣУԴֻмѡһһ׵ġ
ŷ嵽һŻأ¼֮ǵҲû̫죬Ҳû̫ࡣֻǿŷжЩ־Ų֪ŷδԼˡ
ŷڵȻûʱȥǣ귽һۣʱģʱʱ̲סЦ
ûģҲץסˣһǱױԴһץһֱֻץסģǼŵķһ
شʱŸӣʵֲļ߸¡ֱۣһһʹϺأ
ÿϺһƣһ䲻ĻֱӾñ͸еܾ޲Ҫ
ڳ󣬺ƶˮȴؿһС
ĳ޾˵ˣڼԼΪĸ˱ѩޣĺڵõһͷš
һУΪǸˡ
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476 £
ƶʱȷȥ
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ƶһ㶣ȴû¶κβͳɡΪŷôġңҲ֪ŷ϶ΪԼģ
ţ
ƶ˵ͷӦ
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ȴûʹˣΪͱû֪ľˡ
غͻҰֻ˵У޾Թ֮ɫ
Դˣû˭ȥ⡣
ˣǴ߰ɡ
ŷ˻֣Ǽס첲ױԴ߾ɿָ֡һɿͲ˵ϣѪͷɢңϵˣϸһˡ
ģǱ
лвǲضǣ
ŷ徹Ȼ˺˵ؾΪǿԼϲŻ˵ġ
ⲻɵضԹŷǳ˸м֮飬һȭᶨص
ǺǣЩԺ˵ɡ
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ϸĻᷢǵ亮â
ŷ嵱Ȼ˺ģҽ硣ʱȥȻΪ˽óװγ꼰һˣԾ󻼣
ȻĻܹɱ꣬Ҳ길׵ķ
ˣʱ죬߻ȥһĸ׺ˣȵ˺ûᣬ㽫ȫնݳ
Ǿȥˣ
ŷ˵ҲͲٶ˵ʲôˡŹŷ˵ͷɻָ˲ٵֱۣԼץȻԹȥһ곯Ŵ͹Ļȥ
ȥǰؿ˹ŷһۣͷһ֣űԴʯͷ˴͹ĻС߲ʹâ˵Ӱʧӻ統С
Ǹ˿ȴҩЧĹˡԣǰһˣҲֻ˲ŵȥ
ʣµģҲֻͶһЩˡ
Щˣŷûκ֮ͬġֱӶŸһɱƣ;ֵزҺУԼһٶСԺ˹ȥ
ΪǸɱ־ҩһѾ˲ɱֵı衣ŷ˿̱ҪҵطЩľȻĻҪһᣬЩľͻȫɢ
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иïִ̻֣ŷǷĵúܣ
صԺӣŷ嶼ȥԼķֱԺϥ£Ŀʶʼ˽ľ衣
ʵǹŷ岻һʱҩȥɱ֣ΪһơǾǣȥˣʱϵԽòôþͻС
˵һȥܹõ߱ѧ֮һôֻҪʱ䳬һӣͽ֮һˡ
Ļڴһ˲Ϳʼֵܹ֤
ɱֱľľ裬ûйŷôӣǳ򵥡
ҩ֮һľעԼڣȻԼֱļɡ
ǣȥ򣡿˵Ǽ
ԣҩɱֳľע˹ŷ֮󣬹ŷΪ㿪ʼ˼ΪȶȻǡ
ٶȿõ˾˵ĵز
һУԵ÷ǳ˳ûһ˿
ͷ·Щľԭڹŷһ㡣ֻǱŷ˻ѣ
֮ǰ˵ֻǰ˽׳ڱԴǿ֮һľԵֵһĽȫľˡ
ˣŷȫϵһ̣ŷΪ㼫Ȼģû˿ľͻƵĽڡ;ٻûУν浽˼㣡
Ҳùŷһ˽⵽ˡױ̬ʲô̶ȡ
д߽ױԴ£Լ˵ȥʲôˡ
ֻҪԼ㹻ʱȥɱ統еЩˣԼΪԳ޷ٶֱ߽ױԴ
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ȻֻǷֱ˽һѣŷȴоѾȥ˼ǰԶöݹŷһĸܣֻй֮޲
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֮۹еʱ·ŮȻΧΧ˺ܶſȴȥָ߲߰ʡ
󣬱ǹʱҲùŷ忴βΪ֪һ档
ԭ߰ʥıͬ󲿷ŮĴͿɰΪ˵õԼˣùŷڿЦõͬʱҲͬʱôԽӴ
ǳϦദӳʶ֪Ȼٵ֪ذ϶ԷȵȵȵȣͬһطŵĻӰһ㣬ڹŷԺ֮һζس֡
رΪ˾Լ޷˵ΪԼһԼáȻȴϹ׶ڻĮʮꡣǷݲ벻İùŷ𶼼£޷Ҳ
Ϊⶼǰļ֤ԣ
ŷչһᣬ滹Ϥ㡣Ȼζ䵭˺ܶ࣬ŷҲΣÿһΣ˵˳
ƣ˼衣
ŷһ½źã漴΢΢һЦȻ˾
¼֮صãʱ޷ˡ
Ŀǰ˵ҰֻҲûʲôвڡȻˣôһ磬ԼͿԻػҰֻأκʦȫɣ
ȻǹȻΣգԼҲһֱַʽǡ
˵ĻҰֻأΪΪնǿ˺üԼ˵һ磬ŷ嶼һսֱ
ˣֻҪģ߱ҸǿǾûʲôõĵˡ
оһ£ŷͷ˷ܾͲɸǿ
ҺʱѾǻƻʱ̣ҲʮСʱѡŷ͸ɴٴϥһһ߾ȵڶ쵽


477 ޷
ΪⳡսȽϴʰҲΪ鷳ֱڶ磬ûŹŷ塣
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˵ּʼСҲظ㲻ҵ¡߾ظ㶨ˣէȻ״길׻᲻ŭʧȥǣȻн˹
һҹغٲĻȻǲٹˡ٣ǰУʱҲ˹
ϾǰжֵĻǾǲ뱻֪ʱһҰֻؾͱ˸ˣⲻžɵģ
ϵĻʱҲǲģֻҪػǵùŷĶ飬ͲϹ˻Ұֻˡ
ΪˣͱʾûȡóɹӦеЧӣ᲻ڵһʱ͸
ˣһҹȥٽǲҵΣ˵ġ
ԣֻ̫¶һֻ͵˼֮ʣŷѾվ˴͹Ļ
ߣǸˡΨгûڡ
Ŷ˵սôÿ϶ˣԾڸղűȥɽΪժʡõȥˡҪȻ㰾һϲȵԴ
ŷĿȺпȥҲһЩɻ󣬳̻ϾЦŽ͵
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ÿɳԼװĻζϲˣ
ǣʱһȴǶʱĬ
ɰɣҸδҵأ

ãȻһ̾ŷҲ֪ԼǺáǰǸˣҲżεļһʱ䵹ҲЩһߡ
飬ҪԵģҲҪġ
ȥ˫˺
Լûʲôǲλǳ֮һԼԭԼ
벻ڱԼܹɱϣٻԥʱȴϣԼȴһֱѶѵӢѹ˹
ŷ岻ԳһЦ
ʰ飬ЦŵǺǣǶ֪ҪȥĶ˰ɣûҪҵļҰˡҲʱҵǶӹˡ
˶٣Ҳ˻ش𣬾ͼ˵λȥ죬ٵĻأҲᳬһ¡ʱҰֻػҪλˡ
ҰֻһʲôɵΣյĻǰȥ¹ҹ˰æһ£һģ
ŷͷȥɣڣǶҲûҰֻ𺦣
͵ͷȻЦţȴǳ˵
ŷȴЦǿɱ𣡻ҰֻǣǻлҰֻһ˿֧Ų˻ҰֻأΪ˻Ұֻصķչ׳󣬱ǻҰֻûˣҲԲܳ£
˵ŷ⻰ЦȴܴȷǷԹŷķθ֮ԡ
ⲻøдΪжȴû˭˵ʲôȫЦΪǷݸжͶԻҰֻصԼУѾϵ
ʵŷ˵ЩĵȷȷǷĵġһʱǳ̻ï˵ĲͣȻǺ˼ûûҹŻҰֻ˷ٶȶķչġ
ȫô˵ҰֻûȫȫĻ˵ȹģˣֻڵ֮һʮ֮һĹģԼתȥɢˣ
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磬һȥһ˲
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ŷûٶԣһͷһ֣һʱԴʯƮ˴͹ĻС߲ʹâһŷӰʱʧԭء

Ұ½ı硣
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ֻΧĻѩѾﵽ˾˵һ񡣶м䣬һĻѩ֮⣬ȫǼʮϰ׺ȵı㡣
ѾֻоŽԴ޲ܹȥˡ
ڸǳʮױԴ޻֮⣬κڡ
ֻ˵ȴһǰˡ
һǳͨñıݹµһ޼ʵıԭ֮ϡ޻޲ݣκδϢ
еģֻ££겻ͣŵĶëѩԼ궼·ûֹͣĴ̹Ǻ硣
һУԵǰĹ¼źͲ
ڱݲԶһѩ׵ӰվĺУƾѩ䣬ɺΡȴĵܰӰȴþöƶһ½Ų
ĺڷƮ裬¶һѩףҪ͸Ө۰׼ǵֻǲͣԳƵĻ
ٿ棬ԭ޿޵ϴʱŨŨ˼ͻ֮ɫΧ¼Ŷıʹһʯ
ȴֳ˼į
˵ò˵ȴۡ
ɣʲôʱŻأ
һ˫þĶǣϸ֮ƻõһ˲˲ؿǰ촽ö˼૵
У˼
Ȼˡ
˼ʹġŷһȻʱֱֻ˶̶һ꣬һ˵ת˲ǣȴ˳ɰǧ֮á
ɣ޺㡭
־վãһૣ·ַ·ڶ˭˵

΢΢һ̧̾ذеСĨȥ۽˼ˮ׼תȥ
Ϊ֪شԼġһڣԼ춼˵ϼ䣬Ľֻб紵֧ĶϾ䡣
Ȼ󣬾ֻʣѩѩǵͳظ֨ش
ǣȴƺЩͬˡ
εͷת֮ʱȻԼղһֱĵط͵ؾһǿҵ߲ʹââȻҫۣȴȻͷһ˫ɵôؿţ˿ûںǹâжôۡ
âȷǿңǣɴ˫Ѱʲôȴޱȵؿ˹â֮ǵϤ챣˫۶ʱ


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ĿȻ䵽˼㣬ȴ޷µˮ
ɴ˿ˮ֮е̺¶ȡ
˼ȶȡ
ֻĵůȡ
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ⲻǻôҲ㡣
ʵĴ͸غХĺ磬һֲشεĶС
ǰϤᡣ


478 ؼңϣ
ڻҰ½λãռҾС
ռҵһ޴䳡ڣٶȼӰתŲţٶ֮죬һ˸޷
ƹƹҡ
һ󵶽ײӰͣԻǱ·ã
ٿ˵òһݶе˫۷·Զڰ˯ѵ״̬֮С
һ뷢԰׵ߣȴǳ壬һ˫۵иǻʱʱŷһ֮ɫ˿ȴмؿŶˡ
˵ϼһ㿴Ҹѵ㻹˺ã
˿еĲмʱŭص
һԷ˻мĿʱһɢŭصŶһ
ʹѵӻ㣿
һŭһĨϵĺֱϵպ͸ණĨϵǣһߡ
ߣǶô꣬һֱѹһͷһóף÷
һߣ˿ˣֱֱӭˡ
һʱ䣬˵Ӱٴξһ𣬽ײ֮ɫҲٴβڶ

֮˵Ӱͣ
Σֱ̯˵ϣشŴû˭ܶ඼޷ˡ
ֱϢ˺һ˲żѵؿ˵˲ˣϲĹ̫̫Կˡ
Կ
˭֪һԷ˻ʱɷ˵ϲģȻ˵ԿЩʽһҪǿĹֹĻǶܱȥ
ٺ٣ϼһӿһɱ֣ѵ㻹ҪһɱԵУ֮ս
ӾͺٺһЦں˵Լʽ𣬷Եúǵص
ȴûгûзˣͷ⻰ȷûɱּܵʹõó뻯ˡ˵ڲʮڱΪ룬ɱĻ¾һױԴߣҪĹ֮ɥ
˵׼
˭֪߿ޣȴһҡͷϵ˵һһױԴ߻ࡣ˵ǰҲ˵ζǰšֱ˵ͨߣҶûͱǵˣ̸ʲôɱ
СЩ֪֮ζǣϼһܱȵģ
һ󣬴ӵһԾӵĻɹЦ
ǺǣҲ֪ˡ
Ҳӵվ𣬲ûȥߵĻ̾Щص
ԣҲ΢΢ͷҵģƾĴǺ츳Ҳ˵紴ʲôҵɣ㻹ûκġ
ңǰ⺢ӲҲȥѰ𣿺⺢츳˵ζʵȴҲ̫ࡣǱ߻赣ʲôġ
˶٣һ˫ǵ˫оͲЩǳżΨһĵζѾͷһȥ֪£Ǳκ꺮ѩ¼Żȥүү۰
˭ﲻۣζֹϼһŮҲͬҵͽϱһ˴ǰ¼֮أҲҲ۵ؽ˭Ȱ˵أ
˵仰һ˫۾ٴΰƺַˡ
Ϥȴ֪˫۵ʱ򣬲Ϊʱ
ʵҲ̫ۣҲþûô
˫ۺӺȻ˵
Ŷ˻⣿
߲ɻʵ
룬˵ֻ֮ش϶һǳĥ˵飬һ˼֮ࡣֺγǶľһĥأ
룬͵ֻһʱ䣬ζľ¾Ѿ޽ӽһĩڱԴľˣǴﵽҲ˵˵Ҳȥζ̫¶ˡ
ӻǵ˫һٺЦ
ϼһĻҲȷмֵðɣҾɡֻϣܹζȹ¶˼Ŀࡣ
˵ľȷкôԸԶǿҲԸڹ¼еǿ󡣡
еȻ˲٣ЦЦ˵
ʵĵĲεİΣ־ϵĥһ˵Ҳֻˡ
СٻöʮʮԱζʵ
ǵʵô˵ҲĽװɣԱǷ츳ǿûиʮ꣬ΪĽף
ɷҡͷ˵
սһ̾
ֿʼζǳܹ¼ź˼ʹ࣬˼ôȰ֮ʱȻһ˫͵ؾôģ˼ؿ򼫱
ϵĵҲתΪϲ֮ɫ


479 ؼң£
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սһ˫ۺȻɴżϵıҲɾתΪ˾ϲɷͲҲɻתͷȥ
Я§߷ӰʱɷıҲʱΪ˴㵡ʱе
棬Ƿôͻˣ
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ѵ˵ΪѾǵԱζĵز
ɷҲһɣҡҡͷʵ뷨һЦأϼһ˾ͺã˾ͺðζҲֵطܹ¼ˣⲻ𣿡
ǵǵģͺãͺã
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ɷȻҲһ˵ظȥ˵һ಻ԼͽˣʵЩ
ԶԶģŷ͸Ӧʦүү˵ϢۼǷ˹Ͳɼӿٶȣգ۹ǰ
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ɷͺǺЦͽôô磿һΪʮϰģû뵽һͻˣ
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ŷҡͷ͵ڵΪҲ˵ЩͶǿɣ˵һǿǰ˼ҿµָҪҵ
ֻһ˵ĻֻҪȥ˼ңûʲôΣյġȻĻҲ׼ǹȥˡ
ڵΪǿ
ɷͽźʵ
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ŷЦԴߵΪ֣Ҳ뱾һʮסʮױԴ֮ϣǬߡ
˵ΪԸһûʲô⣬ҪԸЩŽʮױԴǿߣ˼ҿ㴵һҪҵ
࣬٣
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ǡ
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ɷѵ˿ĭ΢Щʵ
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Ҫ˵ĻԴߵͻѶȣҲǱߵİٱϣ
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ɵ䲻ʲôţСŻġ
أǧʱҪһǰ˹ŷĻȻõŷĻڻһױԴǻܻԳֲٶһ¾ױԴ
ɴ˿ɼԴߵޱȵļѵġ
Եɺϣ
ɷսλڻҰ½һţ½ò߰µĴ˿ȴɫһһ졣
ʲôԵɺţţˣȻһողһױԴΪߣһ֮ھͷĽڱԴ
̸ϵģʲôԵɺϲõ
ʦүүǶλҲͱôˡǸȥǱ֮ͻ֪ġ
λ˵ˣŷͲһЦ˵
úúãߣȻȥ˵
ŷ˵ɷսϾͲֳһ˿˷֮ɫ
磬Ѿáڹŷ뿪Ǿ¿ʼʱļֻڹŷǹȥʱҲٴδһ
ԣ̶һʱټϹŷµҩǾ˫˫ΪһӾʮڡνˡ
ǣХᣬշѩε̣꣬ʯСѾȵȵȵȣڻҰ½ûκв֮Ƕ˼һһطԼΪ֮ϡ뷨Ҳսɷһֻȥ󣬲ᱻǿ߸ѹ̫࣡
ѽ̺趼ˡҪΪҲӲŵĻǿȥˣ
սֽĿ⿴һֱڹŷϣСҸûص
Ǵһⷽ˼һ˫۵Ҳǳ˶Ů簮ۡ
үүԺ󲻻ͷİɣ
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˵α簮ޱȵսӲĳ˵ϵֶ˵ˡΨһ̾ǴȰص
ˣȽȥɣҿҪúʷһ궼׾ʲô
ս˵ɷͷ˵ôһ䡣һһӺζͳ·ȥ
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÷ˣأ
Ȼ˲;ϲͬʱ𣬵ģġ
ǿڰɤӣֱӾ͸ǹ˵ķ
СӣСЩ
һдűĺǴžϲغСˣĶ
ƨҲҷһҲСٵģȻХˡ
ХŸ£ʮӰͳ˹ŷǰ
ֻӰշеģֻڵϼٱܡ
Х󲮣
ŷǰըһƺڶôֵĻУܹÿһ˵Ķһظо
С壬ȻˣһΪٻҪһٶܻأû뵽Ȼô磡
ŷ廰£ХһϤ׾һ˹ŷǰ׷ϲɫؿŹŷΣХʱЦ
С壡
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ʦ
磡
Ŵˣ
һͬϲȴͬĳƺһͬݡ
СС塯ģȻǹŷĳ
εүүշѩε̵ȵȵȵȡ
Сŷ塯ģƽ֮ˡ
ڡʦˡ
硯͡ŴˡȴʯСѾһҡ
ǰһϤӣŷʱͷĵЦ


480 
ռҺĸ߹ܷڡ
һųͳβڷУֻӵĴСƿ¾һٺˡ
ϣһζĲȰڷ棬ʲôŽԴ⣬ʲôƷƷҩӾŽԴ
ϵЩȼ۸¾ƹһȫ˰նȲٷ֮һ
Ȼ󣬿Χŵģȴֻжʮ˶ѡ
Щ޲ŷϵ׽ġ
սɷХᡢշѩȵȶ
С壬˵˵絽ģֶ಻ࣿ
׷¶˾ƺ˺һ֮Хһ̲סʵ
ХỹһǰǸӣϢӳȻΪҲ˲С
һ꾴ľƣŷЦЩҲ˵ã֮һжԼȥ֮ͻ֪ˡ
ȥҲȥ
Хʱϲ
Ȼԣͨͬ
ŷ˵ͷ˵
ɡǶֻʮױ߲ȥ𣿡
ŷ˻Ҳǲɻ
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İɣûǰ㸴ӡ
˱飬ŷĵ׾Ͳ΢̾˿
һĻôҰ½ֻһƫƧòƫƧСׯһģν
̫ˡιŷЩ˶ȥ磬ѾûҰ½硣
ҲԼո߳Ұ½ʱµһŵ԰ɡ
ŷ˵Ҳ֪粻һԽ͵ġҲͲٶʣ²˹ڱϵߵһЩ顣
ʮױϣͬΪʮ׶εıԴߡСĻҲͱһġ
ڱԴ֮ϣΪǿĴڣǬߡ
ּѾΪǿˣ滹ûСҲ֪Ҳ²Ӧûˡ
ŷΪ˽͵
ۣǬţҲ֪ʲôʱܳΪȼǿߣ
ͽӿص
㣿
Х˿ŹԼӵĻᣬб۵
ʱڨڨͷ˵ղҲôһ˵һӣûҪȥΪʲôǬǿߣ
Ϊʲô߽ױԴߣԸˡ
С尡˵˵ǸʲôΪˣһĩڱԴӦ˰ɣ
֪ŷΪģֻսɷ˶ѡХԴʵ
ХĻսɷֱ¶˹ЦҲڴһЦͷȥĸ׻˵ˡ
ΪȥѾܹó󲮸Ǹʲôˡ
ζȻЦʲô
ԼŮ޹ڴЦѩͲε㷢ʵ
գգ۾յĸ׶ߴŽص裬ŷĽڡ
ѩ΢Ц͵һͼһ˫۾ȻԲ
εСڳĸߣ
ȫεĻʱһĿɿڴһͣ
ģĽڣ
һ˫ţۣſˮ͵ظ

˶һģһı飬Ⱦ¶˱սɷ˱شЦ
Ϊֱʵ̫Ȥһ㡣
С壬ĽڱԴΪ
շ˿̶һŵʵ
ţͻơ
ŷ嵭Ц
𾪣ŷѾϰߵòϰˡ
ˣǾͱôһˡҲС˭ͽܣ
û˵Ŀ񿴹㿴Źŷ壬Ц֮ɷͰڰ֣Ϊص
ò⡣
ʶŷʱǹŷܶμԼ׻Ͻɱʱ
ʱŷȴܣۿҪɱˣֽ£Ҳ֮һϵ顣
ʱùŷæһЩҩɱڲԱö˹ŷĻҰ½ָ֣
ռڴ治ڻ˵أ
Ǿ͸˵ҲͻƵǰһֱΪǵ֪˳˻Ұ½֮⣬ŸΪء
ȫ˵Ұ½ռ֮лȥΪأɷĹǷֲģ
˶һҲͲɷˡ
ɷĻ˷ǳĬȫѡ˺ԡ
Ϊڹŷ뿪֮һڣÿ˵ŷεʱֻҪɷڳʣÿζĳôһ仰
ʼʱսЦ䣬ö֮Ҳ͵ɷһNɪˡ
С壬˵λǴȥģʲôʱ
ս˿ȫûһȣͬļ֮ɫʵ


481 ҩʦ飡ϣ
ֻҪ׼ˣʱԶ
ŷԥص
ʵҰ½Ѿûʲô׼ˡҲϸԵʲôģȥš
Ȳ˵ռɱѾ½ưԣֻ˵㾭ӪٺãҲá
磬Ĵ̨ǷˣҲ޹ؽҪ
˵Ұ½ھڹŷΧڷһ˵
ǻʲôھߣ
ɷһЦȻ׹ŷ廰˼ɶûУͿ϶˵
ڣ
ŷһЦ
ԶԶԣڣһ̶Ȳˣ
Ĵɤ֮֮˷ܣǾͱˡ
ּ˵ľˡ
ž
ֻһڻصþòϢ
ֻХŭը죺Сӣ˭ӣ˵˵˭ıֱͣ

ʹףԼĺǲֱӱХˡֻɲ˿ײֻڨڨһЦίٴ²˵
ŷε˷׷״ЦЦһ֮󣬹ŷŽĿ⿴˽ʯСѾˣҪҪҲһȥ
츳ܲڲŲױΪѡٶڻҰ½ܿˣڳ֮һȣͲʲôˡ
ʯСѾ츳ȴҪߵö࣬ϵȻΪһ˽ĩڱߡȻйŷĽ̵ҩĸٶҲԳƵǾˡ
ֻΪ統ȴԵ̫̫ˣԹŷǣԸȵΪ㹻ȥ磬ھȥ
ȥΪβȥǵڻҰ½Ѿû˷չռ䣬ֻѰչˣ
û뵽Ҳһͷû˿ԥؾ˵
ٿʯСѾʯƹֻϵ˷ܹŷ֪˴𰸡
УȥǱߣٸһѡһദú죡
ŷص˵
ѣ
һҽܵҲͬ𣿡
Ǻǣ治ģԴת졣
ŷЦҲûӣûⷽҲ츳ʱʯƹټ룬ҳǸǮת棬ٵˡ
һƶΪҰֻһйŷ嶼
˵Լú𾢣δ̫һЩЩҲֻһЩͷԶѣҪ𵽸ƶΪƶֵһѹȻͲܹˡ
нʯƹļ룬ŷһƣ
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ΪŷŽʯƹھ̷Ĳܣ
ЩǹŷڻҰ½ѾƳ˵ģ
ȵȵȵȣ
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ֹХᣬҲһȵؿŷ塣Ȼû뵽̶һڣŷ岻ΪԿֲ޷ٶĽڱԴȻʱһ
ţлҰֻء
ŷЦŵ˵ͷ
󲻴ŵϺŲ
Хּʵ
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˵һڹŷʱȫǿ棬Ҳжǿģ
ǺǣЩȥȻ֪ˡ
ŷ廹Ǿ仰
˶٣ŷ忴һڳˣɻʵӸղҾûмСϪأ
ڹŷ뿪ʱϪѾƷеҩʦˡһ꣬ټϹŷȥǰµҩҩģԼڵһЩ飬ⲻùŷڴϪʲôҩʦ
Ҫ֪Ϫ츳嶼ǲģ
ȻҲûκ˵Ľ̵£һǧʱƷ
Сҩʦ츳Ҫһ㣬һҩʦ˵Ѿżˡ˹ŷǶ˶Ƚڴ
ȥҩʦˡ
ôһᣬȲŵίŸ쳶ŸɤŴ
ҩʦ᣿
ŷ岻ɻʵǸʲô
ҩʦᣬŷ廹֪ġ
һвʽһʢᣬֻרҩʦġ
ŷǰҲǴμӵģ֮ҩʦʵ̫ˣҵʱҰ½ĸҲž޴ı䣬ҲͲ֮ˡ
Ϊ˿ûֵҩʦеĻ;ķչǷǳġ
սͽ͵һЦϪ˼˵㲻Ϊҩͻ˷ܶʱ䡣
һȺҩʦԴרΪڲΪҪҩã
սпڶϪ˵ûκһɼǷǳ͡
ŷ˻ҲЦŵ˵ͷˡһЩǱҩʦķչǷǳõġ
ʵҰֻصרҩʦȺ壬ŷ㡣
ֻʱʵ޵úܣԼڳɳ׶ΣȽСҪȥ֯ĻȻǲôеġ
ϪĻǰȷЩìܳͻԴѪĽ󳹵׳ռ֮ЩìȻҲɢˡ
ЩԴ֮⣬滹ͦġŷλҲȷнϪεĴ㡣
ֻû뵽ȻѾʼˣùŷĸйٲɵøһ㡣
ȷòԼԻҰֻҲ˵ĻŷҲһһͬʣһ
Ȼֻǽū͵ŷǲҰֻضȥģ
ղѾȥˣҲӦÿ쵽ˡ
ŷϵЦݣս˾֪ŷڶϪǱȽˡ΢΢һЦ˵
ŷͷʱУĿͲɿ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ǷռҵĴ͹ĻŷҲڸղŸӦϪС˵Ϣ
⻹İ˵ϢֻΪʵЩֻͣױѡ
ϪС
սȻҲڵһʱ䷢Ϫ˵ĵ漴˵
ˣ
ϪС˵ʹ˹оͿ˿˷ܺͼ
һϪСͷ׷׳֣һϲͳ羴ؿŹŷ壬æǰ͹غ͹ŷк
Ǻǣҩʦʲôˣûʲô⣿
ŷǺһЦϢǰӳСֿȺϪص˵ͷ
ͬΪҩʦŷĵֳǿȻܹ׵ظоŨҩζ
Ⲣ˵ǸողҩµģǴεҩһδεĳŻ۳ŨϢ
Լãʱҩû˿и


482 ҩʦ飡У
ƷߵȣСƷеˡ
Ϫͻش
ŶƷеȣ
ŷЩؿСû뵽Ȼ˾˵
⻹ҪȫƾµЩĵûҩȻҲܻ˿ġ
С˿ûκνǳǫ˵
ţܲˣԺ󻹵Ŭ
ŷ˵ͷЦ˵
ǣ
СæӦ
ŷ漴ͽĿ⿴һֱϪСŹɻԼİˡ
˴һŷʹϸоһŨҵҩζ˵Ҳҩʦ
ǵҲһٶ꣬һҪһЩٶꡣ
ƺܴ󣬵Ļ»ֻǸꡣ
ȻֻǾ϶۵ģɲǡ
ŷĿ⿴ԼϪ㷴Ӧ˹æһΪŷܵλǸոսҩʦʤߡǵҩʦȼߵģǱҲǿġ
󣬱ָλٶ˵λ飬ΪߣȴһƷеҩʦҩҩЧƷǱ
ȻָλٶĽܵλлͨһƷߵҩʦҩҩЧҲͬﵽƷز

ŷЩؿ˶һۣصͷ޵
ȷرǸģٶ;ͽҩʦȼƷеȣУڷǳǿˡ
ͨҲĻһдã
ŷĻϪСĵ׾Ͳһϲ
óŷ䡮лŶΪͣ˷ˡ
ҩʦԼޱȳݵϪȻΪǰԼδһͣȻ͸˵˾أĵ׵ɻ
ǲû˵ŷĴҪ˵Ұֻػв֪ŷֵģҲֻиճӤˡ
ϵģ֪ŷ֣
Ϊŷ֣ڻҰ½ʵ̫һ㡣
ֻŷһǰЩʮױΪǰһĪʧ˵ҲѾ½Ȼܿ㱻Լˡ
ΪǰЩʧǰûһ˵ģҲΪŷ岻ˡ
ֻǣǰ˭أΪϪݻ˹أ
УǸϣƺǶһţҰ½ҪһߵĴɣôǰ궼ƺһ㡭ţ
ԣ
찡⣬ôܣ
ѵҰ½ֳһŷһһ˲ɣ
Բܣ
ŷǾԲܱԽģ
ôҲֻһˡ
Ϫ𾴣ûҰ½ǿһȺ˶ͽġ˹ŷ壬ˣ
˵ҲǰһĪʧˣǣЩǰֱȵϹŷ壿
йŷһ漣Ļ
ԣƺǰûз飬û鷢ڹŷϣҲʲôֵ飡
Խ룬ҲԽǾܡ
ϸϸһĦʱǰò봫˵еĹŷһ޶
Ʈݵĺڷ챣һĽüͬǿһ˫
ʼյȻȺ΢Цǰƣ
죡Ǵ½ŷ壿
Ǹһˣ
ڶﾪɲ֮ʱСΪǺЦܵǲһֱǳƷҩǰǡ
˶ʱ󾪣ŷĿҲתΪ޳ݣԭһ㲻ɢ˿ȥæĵعݼƷҩ
ûнйŷˣҲûнǰǽеҩ
Ϊҩʦֻеȼߵҩʦ𾴵ġ
ŷ壬ȴһֱޱȳݵżһǰŷҲĪʧ֮ǾͿϧѣû뵽Ȼڽˣ
˷ޱȣ˫ֶ΢΢
ǺǣǾԼˣ˶񡣡
ŷ΢΢һЦһ̧֣˹µӾͱһͣ޷ƥе
ֻһ֣ǵ
Ϊܹٷ֮ٵĿ϶͸ղŹŷֻӳǵʮױǿƣ޷ֺ
Ǻεǿ
ȻǴ½ʷǿҩﵽֻľ磬Ϊ˴˵ȸ߶ȣ
¼ǣǱ˵˵ҩʲôģʲôɡ͵Ǽǵļˡ
˵壬ŷͽЦ
ģŷ廹ǶõġҪԸصĶԻҰֻأԼģôֻиöԷ޷ܾĺô
Ͼĳݺ͹ûκκôĿɲôȹ̡
ŷ˵ɫٴһϲһǿϲ
찡ƷҩȻ˵Ҫָǣ
⣬ϱĸ𣿣½ҩʦڴѵĺôȻǸˣ
мǼϲǿϲɶԹŷġ񡯿ǲ˿ġ
Ʒҩһһֱûи㶮ҩʱ򡭡
ǻͨǰһ˷ܵ˵һֱ⡣
ŷ徲ţҲһ΢Цؿߣû˷š
Ƕ֪ŷΪҩʦףһҪ顣
ͨ⣬ŷϵɫʼնûб
ⲻǶԻͨǶԺܶҩʦһ⣬Թŷ˵Сһ
û˿˼ŷ΢ЦһһҲûвͷ
ͨ÷ǳϸʵϪСǸ飬÷ǳ棬©һ䡣
ţͨԭ˼СȻǻȻúǾϲ󳹵תΪ˿ϲ
лллƷҩĽ룬벻⾹˼򵥣棬̫ˣ
ͨһֹͨסͷܣ״εؿʼл˹ŷ壬ǽһ˺ͳݡ
Ļڳ޲һЦ
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æϲӦһȻ㿪ʼ⣬κһʵĵطް©ؽ˳
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һ֮ٴ˫ۣ;ڳ˶ûзκĵײһů⣬֪УҲһֹдڡ
ˣȻǶˣôҾҪ˵һˡ
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ԣԥģͬʱһͷᶨصҲһȥ
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ڣŷѾҰ½׿ţȻҲͲȥ͹Ļˡ
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ŷȻӣһһΪ˿֪ʶ
־ޱ𺳵֪ʶǿ֪ġ
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Щ֮䣬ϸĶѡ
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ҹŷҲһֱûǣһκٳƺҰ½Ϊϣ
һֱǹŷҪĿ꣬ڣ·;֮ϣ

ʱһֱغڴ͹ĻԵĹʮ߼Ȼǹŷ嵽ǹعе
ʮ˶ֻҰĶԱһСӡСӶӳһΪıԴߡ
˿̣սҲڽĿתʮˣⲻҪһʱһ
𾪵ط֣ʮ棬ֻ˵ΪܹӦõˣֻܸӦԷϢΪһ䣬ȫ͸Ӧǳ
ˣȻʮױߣһʮĩΪģ˵ΪҲͺ֮ˡ
ԴߣȻǱԴߣ
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ҸΪҪǡ
ȫǳıԴߣȻֻţ
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ӹŷصҰ½ٵһʱ䶼ûСô̵ʱ䣬ӦǲʲôġŷҲֻʶѡ
ȻǸСӳæҡҡͷػشе˹ֻһЩɢԱд󲿷ֶҪǻҰֻصģûзʲô쳣
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ȻĻڿɲֻһЩɢԱˣһȺһȺŻǿǰˡ
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ٲ룬ǾԴ˽ҰֻصǱǿ󣬴ʱκȥɡ
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սȴվɷǰһȫմȾ˰ɫĭװ׵޽ǣѩ׵ĺüëϾǡ
ĵϼһԶ㣡
ĵսʹӸվȣ˫ϺҲţŭ⡣
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ֻǣĿ϶Ǳĵ˵ġ
϶಻죡´ξֱñϴͷˣ
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پӻꡣ
߾˵ˣһԴøţëƵãһͬͨ˵һҶŵġ
ӻһһ˦Ƶֽ䣬˲˴͡
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485 ޵εĹâ
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ӹŷػҰ½˿ʼкļ֮ûж˵һ仰ʼհظһԵ˿̲ס˵ˡ
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ΣȴǾûˡ


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ղûע⵽ŷ壬ΪεĹâʵ̫ҫһ㡣ֻһ֣Ŀ⣬ﻹȥԱվŵ˭
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ְսԼģǵ˵ǲֻҲ뵣һЩʵʵ·
ԴˣŷȻȻͬ⡣ΪսɷǿɶƹܻҰ½Ͻˡ
ǵΪǿҪ˵ľĻŷҶԣ˸ͳ̻϶֮⣬Ұֻ˿ȣ
Ұֻǵؽȹ̣
һ·ȥҲûκβͲ߳ݺ;Ŀ˻ҰֻصӴſڡ
ڹŷ˻ûʱ򣬸ïлҰֻظ߲㣬Ѿˡ
Ϊŷ·ϣѾ˸ǡ

ΧڣԼŷ󣬸˾͹ƺŷΪ
͹ŷкǵĿƵսϣ׷׺ЦͷǴкˡ
Ȼս˵ΪƬߣȴǲ˿ġ
Щɶǹŷˣȴֻǹŷ¡
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ЦŻشļ򣬲ȴû˵ʲôֻǻͷһЦѡ
ˣΪҽܽܰɡ
ŷ˫ɨȺֲûǵӰʱ֪Ϊĵ׾͵һ
Լ֪ҪԣҪӱܡ
ٶ룬ŷΪս˽ܵһλǻҰֻظ졣ΪΪ׳ڡ
λҲͬǻҰֻظï̻ϡǵΪ
Ұֻظ߲У˳ɲ֪ȥ֮⣬ȫ
κ½ȵȣȫˡ
һսٴ˽һҰֻصǿҲ֪ŷΪλὫǽӹˡ
ǿʵױԴǿ߾нʮˣǣ
ֻ޷ŵǣȺ˵ǿǹŷһģ
󣬹ŷֿʼΪһһսˡ
λҵʦүүսɷ
ŷЦΪ˽ܵĸЩǽֵ꣬εʱ򣬹ŷȴЩ
Ϊǳɵĸ׺͸˵ԼɵȷûʲôǳɶԼĸȴǡ
ҲȻǿúܣ˶٣΢ЦָΪ˽ܵλҵӣΡ
Һãܸʶҡ
βûвŷ쳣ŷΪ˽Լӣ϶ʱųʤٻľЦաȻݵ˴к̬Ը߹Ӻݡ
㣬á
һض޹ľ绪Ը졢ï̻˵ĳǣ˿̶̲סǶʧ
˶ˣǾ͸ءºơɳӵЩҪһˡ
Σ˲Ϳˡ
ԺʼնǻŲ˼顣ΪǴδ侹˾Ůӡ
ãƲǷ֮ˡ
ԱǵĴͣѦ¡ƶŮȴҪԺõ㡣
ǿ϶ģģȴǻȻгĬ
֪ΪιŷԳɫ欵ʼûκαʾˡҲͬʱףΪγʱ򶼻ż¶ûŵ̬
ףΪεɵ֪ŷ˻Ұ֮󣬳ɾһֱԼڷûг¾ȥҲֻǳĬûиһǰˡ
ҲؼǵãʱеȻжôԡ
ʵû֮ǰѦŮǾó̫ûˣҶԹŷҲһֱЩ
Ȼֲû˼ǲţϻбȳɻҪŮӣ
ǣǿεĵһۣ뷨ͱ÷顣
Ȼ˵ɲβٵġǳѾеľŮӣٳһģֻһ㣬ӾҲǼǿҵġ
һۣǾԴӶԷпǹΡ
˵ɵĹϵãȷҲһƫɡ
ȴǹŷӣҲɾã͹ŷƺҲˡ
Ϊֻӹŷż֮ʱֵǹƺܿǵĸ鵽̵ʲô̶ȡ
ȻοԽܳɵĻǾһˡ֮ĺС
»ֻܿԼˡԼΪˣ޷κΰˡ
Ůͬʱε뵽ͬʱҲֻĵΪףˡ
ףܹձɣӶҲŷһ
˺ã
ؿ˺һɳӵ˶ʱǰŮ˭˲;˹Ȼæȭ
˺ã
ɳӼԴȽ鷺ĴͷºκҲͷӦ˹ޱȾ̾ͬʱҲе
ǽĸ˰ùȻͱˣ
ΪֻĸʱĿ⣬֪жమˣ


487 һŮΪ
Ҳã
ɳ˳ƺԼΪˡνεС϶ʱֳ˿ĵЦݡ
ƾŮ˵ֱӣѦ¼ŮƺЩ졣ģȴ˵ֻʱѹͷɻ˴к
һ˽̸꣬ЦŽӴȥ
ߵһ룬ȴȻŷĸ첲ŷ壬㲻׼ų
ŷ͵һĶͷڨЦ㲻ңһˣ
˵ţһֻ֣ػХ漴ֻӴĽëϻͳǰ
ֻϻ
ڹŷȥʱ򣬸ոսΪޡȴϿڡ¡
Թŷջȥʱǲڣڹŷ˾ʱǲŸ˻
ֻһķΧڴͣ޷н֮ĴͣԹŷȽҩռڸ˹
ʵʼŷǲ׼ǹģһ׼֮Լ
ϾΪԴ޵ƣ޷ﵽԴڵġ·ƱҲǵĴڡȻˣŷһɣȥרǵ
ȴһŷ⻰ǿҡԴ˵ʲôҲҪ͹ŷԼν֮Լҿģһ硣
ùŷ岻ЩЦˡû뵽δ֪˺棬Դ޾ȻҲˡ
СĲСҪ󣬹ŷ嵱Ȼܾ˵ŷҲȷ᲻úֿ
ԼʼԼһ⣬˵ʱʱ̶̿Լߡ
ԼսԼˡ
˵ʵҪһԴ޵Ļŷ治Ҫ⿪Լġ
𣡺𣡡
ֻһܵŷߣǾ޴ޱȵԴǵع˹ŷ壬̬ϲ
Ǻǣ˺ˣȻ㲻㡮šڻҰ½ô㻹ǸҰɡ
ŷЦظ⻬ëһЦǺǵ˵
һŷ˵š֣һԵȻǶ¶˷ǳԻɬ飬Ե÷ǳߣһǹЦ
ףˣ
Ȼŷؿ¡ĶһۣǾȵص

ʱͬصһȻ˫˫˶ͷ­ԵøӲ˼ˡ

ŷһЦʵû뵽һʱ²⾹Ȼôͳʵ
Ц֮Ҳ߽˽Ӵ
ҺӴ㹻󣬱Ŷʮ׵ĸ߶ȺͿȣҲܹǿ񼷽ȥȻĻǾֻܴ߼ҩռˡ
Ѿһž޴ӰڷǣҲһ侫µĲȡ
ֻŷ忴ڷԼλǰǼ֮ʱȴ㶡
˵Ĳ˶һҲͬ¡ŷȴоһ˿Ϥĸо
ָоر˵ŷȴܿ϶ȷʵڵġָܸоģƺ˳֮⣬û˭ظоġ
ŷ岻֪Ϊĵ׾һԵζЩۺͲ
ʱŷֺȻһֱС֣ԼĴƣ漴ʹ˹ŷ壬ôˣ
ŷתͷȥֻξϴ˿̴Щĺʡ
ŷͳ˳ǣҲ֪ǲ¶Цݣҡͷûʲô
ؿ˰һۣһЦֻСյøˣԸſ
˷׷սң㣬˭ûȥλǽйŷȥǡ
Ի͵
ˣŷֱӴһӣͽڳģԼˣûҪȥס
۱ֵĻսɷλǰշѩԼХڣôҲֲԼȥ
ŷ徹ȻֽŮλߣսɷХᡢշѩȵȣȫο֮ɫ
ɵģгɾڸλ֮ɸ߰ĿһеĻϰߡ
ǵںŷλñǸߣΪߵ˭ȥݡǣŷٱûᣬӵ˳ɾͶ˿Դ
׷£ȾЦ̸
սɷշȻ͸ï̻ϼһǶԸ֮ĻȻҲܶࡣ
ºһҲܿϤںȾƣڳ⣬ʱʱطһЦҲĵ
ΣǱѦ¼Ů˹ȥҲ֪Щʲôһ˫˫ʱʱسŹŷ忴ȻһĽЦ
ԣŷ˹¼ҹˡ
ڿרΪǿԴ⣬һһڣ֪жﻹʱȥܹŷ壿
ԴΣŷ嵱ȻҲʲôоֻһһڳǿƾζȴʵզĲȡ
ζȻѳԣŷ˿ȴоζʳ
ΪϤζ
ųţŷ·𿴵˳ΧΧȹڳЩȵ龰
ķ˿΢΢ЩңҲŵڻңȴǳרעҲϸϸᡣ
ЩڳˣŷԺʱʱĳֻǣĳ󻹻
ŷĵãȻ
ԭΪֻҪԼδ磬ܹ׵նһ˿Ͳе˿
ǣʱȴȻ֣ԼΪ׾Ȼ˼ѡ
رǣ뵽ڳɵ֪Լ˻Ұ½νӹϢ֮ȴȻΪԼ⼸ʱģһ󷢶¡
Ϊȫõ⼸˵ʱгɴڵ֮⣬϶Ȼ
·һж
Ȼһǿףŷ岻ûͷ֪˭ˡ
ŷ壬ҳô
£СԴпڹŷϣϴ΢Цص
ŷ㶣΢΢һЦеʳ͵εĺ촽ߡ
ҲûԥſСͳȥ˸һڣεɫʱһ漴˹ŷһۣʵ˵ζѳء
˵꣬գգλðĴ۾˿˿Ц⣬ȪһŮΪ𣿡
ǴҲûпѹСڳ˶
ɣȫǲػͣ˽̸սǴؿ˹ŷһۣдŵ΢Цûк˼档
Ҳֻаѩŷжٴŵ֣Ҳûзŭ߲֮ڡ
̻ϵˣ۵Щ˵ں͸¶ŷΣ֪ǲܵ顣
ǲε뷨
ܹܣǵȻõĽˡҲΪʲô檣統ʵ̫ƽˡ
رЩǿˣӵĶٵˣ
ǲβͬɳɣɻ
ԳɸҰҺ޵Ըֻ
ҪôȻȥ
Ҫôᣡ


488 СС
һ˶ΪᷢһЩʲôʱ򣬽ľȴЩϡ
ֻŷεĻ󣬾Ȼ΢΢һЦΣҲεص˵ͷǵģгɡ
˾ǣξȻҲһЦ˵ͷͲ˵ˡ
Ȼ󣬾ͼпڹŷļͷоϢ
Ȼ󡭡
ûˡ
⣬ûˣ
ʲôһǣ
ѵû⼸иоɶԹŷ⣿
ԲܣҪ治֪ͲʳǾ仰ˣ
ǡķӦҲ̫һɣ
پǹŷķӦҲͬЩˡ
Էޣʲô
ʵ֪ͨĹŷΣ˵ʲôܸоԷԼ뷨
ŷûκΪûʲôԲε顣ңڳɣȻЩĸоҲֻЩãѡҪ˵Ļǡ
Ϊŷʼնֻһ˶ѡ³ɵĳֺ⣬ùŷҲ֮˼£ɾŷģȻ㹻
Ȼˣŷ嵱ȻȥʲôȲΪûгֶһһֻԥҲֻǲԼԭó̫ˡ
ֻڸղ£ȻԴпԼϵһ̣ŷѾͨˡ
Խӣ˺Խ鷴綼ҪԵģѶȥǶԳɵ˺ɽ
ȻԼҪĽ
ȻˣǱ㾡Ҳùһ㡣
ŷϺֻ΢˵Դû˵ˣȻΪܵ˹ŷ뷨
ܹоóŷĶԼôһ˵ӰҲֻһӰӶѣˣԼȥ˶أ
ֻȴǶԳɱȽϺ
ȻʶģǰȥҰ½ŷġҲйһ֮Ե
ԳɺԭǺʲôȻùŷﶼһӰӣֻһ㣬ҲζԳɺˡ
Ϊ֪ŷʲôһˣȹŷԼҪ˽ŷ塣֪һ£ŷǾԲκŮ˲κκøеġ
ȻҲֻ˵һζԹŷһͲҲûйȥΪΡ
пԼϵСԴ㷢䴫㣬ŷ彥ˡ
ξȵغƽŷҲŽƽ
ǹɵҲܰҸĸо֮ɢȻΧսˣȴãֻб˴˵Ĵڡ
ս̻ϵһȺ˼ֱӾˡ
ǧܣصģȥ˵ģͬɵĴڡ
û뵽Ȼ˵ͷԡ
ǿ˿ȫȫܰеĶˣ͵ػȻ
԰˼ҿ£֮ĸԼЩܹģԼ뷨;ԼٲΣ
ѵԼܸı˹ŷ뷨;ɣ
иԵ֣ǿġһУ˳Ȼɣ

ٷûгñɢˣŷԴսǰȥΪǽõĸۡС
丮ܴۡһٶ䷿ݣ㹻սиŮʦסˡ
ΣȻסȻҪŷסһġ
ˡ
ŷǸСԺֻô䷿ѡͱѦ¼ŮϷˡ⣬ȻǳҲסˡ
¹ŷѾһж˳ȻεıΣ̲סһͷ
ʦүүǶﻹ𣿡
ս˴޴ݻĸۡ󣬹ŷЦʵ
ǲݶҶܰȻ˯οôôСӲùң
ɷ͹ЦһȻ˿ٱǿףڳһɫ״ȻҲһɲɵؾսϷȥ
սʱŵˣ㿪ȥȻ˲ȥһԸŻ
ŻŻɱ϶ӡӡ
ٻԳӵս˿ȫȻ̬һ߸ŻһָνղǶ¸޹صɷŭ
ûʺ㲻ڱʺ˭ϼһﰤô㵯˭
ɷںսŭ˫νػػ
㣡㣡㡭
սʱͱû˵ˣɷȻֽʳָ̧űǿȥɫٴξޱ䣬Ҳ룬Ͷ㵽ҧгݵأ޲ɷƵõ
Ҳ⣡콫ʦŪȥ
ɷ˰Ҳûڳʲôˣսƽһ·ӿθǿŶĶŹŷ˵
ŷ岻һοЦԼʦҲǼƷˣղۿɷһմˮ̶⣬Ȼϡʳָճ˵㣬ָڵıǿס
ԵսģҲֻʳָճĽϡ̶ѣıʺ
ȻĻղҲͬΣ˿̿Ͷĵιȥˡ
㲻⣿㲻߰ƾɶߣҵͽҪҲߣ
ɷƲƲ죬бۿɫȻЩ̵սǲмص
ҲҵŮ˵ʦĹϵҪҲߣ
սҲ漴м
ãͷһףҲʶģ¶и󵽣Ҫ˵Ҳף͵ߣ
˵ŷ˭Ƚ׵⣬ɷˡ
սȻ˵ŷĹϵҪԼŷĹϵף˲ŭáֻĳˡ
˵󵽣ǺãζܱʶɣζүүԣҸף
ζζ㣡϶ôҪغͽʹϵҸ㣬ҪϷҸףұҪ
ϼһ˵˭ʹϵѵǣߣȻ˵ҪһҲ֪˭ʹδʤң
б氵ɱ˭䣡սóģȻƣ
ôСǰ˵Լδսʤսɷﻹҵסһ˫е۾˿ҲôģŨҵս⡣
ΣŷֱĿɿڴ
Хշ˵ǵúܣΪһǲ֪ٴ֡սˣͼֲ֡
λһۣԴӶԷпĨεЦ⡣ȻǺЦ˵СС⻰Ȼеġ
ڴϣһһȣһһ侲ƽʱ˵ʱˣʱʱʱضụೳϼ䡣ƺһ᲻͸оȱɶƵã
ÿοԴͷҲܺЦΣԴͷȫȻΪɷҪսסս
ۿžͿʼߣ׼ˣХշǵһܡ
Ϸɲÿ˭ã϶ЩС꣡
ŷٴһЦҲûȥĸǣǣһŮţҲҪԼڡ
ڣǴǼͷ۵ʱˣ


489 ɵĹΪ
뿪Ȼƹҡײ֮ĸۡСԺȥ
ŷûѡУǣ֣һͬС·ϣһʱ˭Ҳû˵
ռ˰ŵĸۡһСȺɽ֮Уķ羰ֱֻܲŷŷֶѡ
ǰûۿ
ŷ壬ͦأ
ŷСţһ˫ĿܻҲʼչЦݣͬһҸеСŮһ㡣
ǰôãŵһμʶ
ŷ΢΢һЦ˵
ŷĻξֽԼĽ˹ŷһЩȻգŴ۾Цûкͳһͬ羰𣿡
£Լʣɷ϶Σ϶ΪԼڻԼԼ
ǹŷȴ֪ͬô˵ɣȻԼҲÿ˵ˡûлɹŷ˼ڡ
Ǵδһ˫ԼԼʱŨŨ⣬ŷ岻ֱ§ε硣
˿ζŷͻڵһǽҴӻҰ½뿪֮˵ɡ
ξ͵˵ͷһ˫ؿԼˣûκβֻİ
漴ŷһ羰С·ϣһע½Լ뿪Ұ½ȫ
ʱ𺳣㱻ϹɸǺϣֵ֪֮ĺľľµľ磬Ȼĺ״̬
֮ǳĵһսˡ
ŷ˵Ȼ֪ĺĺĶУԺġ
ŷǳսԷȻһױԴߣҼϹɻѱˣζʱ͵
ȻŷԼǰȴܹóǳսǶôաŹŷֵСҲӽ˵㡣
󣬹ŷֽ֮һĻĻ;˵˳ҲѦµݣԼԼҪΪʦЩ˵ݡȻҲԼദ龰
һ©ȫϸϸ˵
ԼӣԼ׽ˡʲôӶҪǻʲô׽أ
ԣԼʱóǿ˼εСŷ嶼һԵ˵
ŷ˵ȻʱóԼǿ˼ԼĹеİ̲סˡ
ż⣬˹ŷգȻ۾ôŹŷ䣬СԴҲ˹ŷĻҸۡ
ŷʣ˵ǳˡȴ꣬ȳɾͣ˵͵ġ
˵ˣһλеСʵСɾ͵ģһ檣檳Ⱥ
ǹŷأĳ飬ͬһ˿ɱȣ
ǼģȻܹ֪ɵûж˿ԾܾοǳŷܹģֱڶֻԼһ˴ڣĸ˿ģ
ν͵ԣŷ΢΢һЦҲֽͬ§Լżʼ
Ȼص㣬ȫǹԼͳɵˡ
ȻûйĺңƽƽеЦȴζ
ŷ崦֮£ɲһеسŷ壬־Ȼ飬ζٿȻݡ
ΪΪܹ־ĵ̵˺̶ֳȡ
ŷ˵һ꣬ǾȴԱȵ˼Ҽ꣬ʮ꣬ʮġ
һˣʮ궼޷һױԴֱͻƵĽڣȻһԿ磬Լͻҩʦϰ
ԣһͽ˽ʮСʱ
ǲգȻ¶۽ǡ
ֱ峿質ŷζ˲ڴϥ£໥վ
Ҳȫϡ
˹ŷֵ֮ΣвûκĺͲ
ΪֻɿΪ˹ŷԼʱξѾԳûκε⡣
˭Ҳ޷˵ġ
һˣ˭Ҳûй
Ҳʹڣ
𣿡
ŷһͬվһ֮ϣԶճпڹŷ廳Ȼʵ
ŷĬһᣬ΢΢ͷ΢΢ҡͷЩãȻصҲ֪˵ûмʱҲӰ
Լ˵ԼһŮ˵ĸ⣬ָоɺܹ졣һ֮䣬ǲġ
ŷȴˡǶԽԼģԼԷʲôǲ˵أ
ξͷŷ˵ԼĸоûвȻٴη˹ŷ廳밮һų
ŷظķ˿а糱ˮֻоˣ
ȴ̲סһ̾Ϣ

СԺڡ
Ѧ¡ƶŮۼһ𣬶ǵؿǰյķţһ޿κΡ
һ̾ƶȿ˵ҿʼһֱΪɱŮˡ벻ȴǻбɸġ
̾Ϣʵ̾Ϣȴء
Ȼ֪ԼԹŷһ˿޷ΪʵڼǾ֮ݺﻹǲЩꡣ
ͽݲʵʵ뷨ĵףϾԼĶٴ࣬ŷǰǿǰ;޹ˣԼ޷
ԣҲֻ΢Щˣǽ˿˿룬Ҳһ̳ĵ
ݵ˼ΪԼõĻ䡣
ҺãԼ󻹿ʱҲѾ˰ɡ
ǰĵȷȷⱲӼţ߹Ůˡ߹ʥʣͺñȻ次
ԣУǶŮˡ
Ѧµ˵ͷԼĿޣȴûĽ
ΪκͳɶŮѾκĽͼʡ
˶٣Ѧֽŵǡǧ򲻸ãȴͬһˡ
˵Ѧ¾ֹסһ̾
ǰǧã򲻸ãǰͬһˡ
ֻĴ˵Ļɾͺýˡûеڶ϶ȫˡ
ΨŷֳרһˡðɣŷԼû⣬أԸһŮԼԼ
˵Ҫǹŷ˳רһĻ츳ٸߣʵǿǰ;βκͳ绪ľɫŮӣܿϹŷ壿
ڹŷǰԼʵһ棬ԽʵԼȫȫչڹŷǰ
ǣǰɶǸ߰ġ
ôȥҲһ취ѽɳ콫ԼرڷһҲҪİɣ
Ҳ̾˿˵ҡŷ彫ӽӹˣؽҲ϶ס
˵û˵ȥˡ˼ȴǳˡ
ѦºͺƶͲɷһЦƶ͵ǲסһġҪôҵطסҪôŷҵطңҲ޷סˡ
˵ӻܴƾǵҸطסǻһ仰飿˵һˣٽһǳؾһסǺ⣡
ǣǵûʲôɳȥ˱ĵطסɻóɸġ
ң㲻뿪ǹŷҸطסĵҲǳɡ
޿ʵ
ɡۡ
Ѧһ̾д˵ǡ
ʵĵɻѡ񡭡Ҳ֪ɵԸһβĴڣɿ϶ǲڻҰֻؼȥġĵİ
ƶ˸ͷԵ÷ǳԽ
ˣﵣҲáΨһģᷢ°ɡ
Ѧ¾ҡҡͷȻ̸ԽĻ⡣
ƶҲε˵ͷԴˣ޷κΰ
֨ѽ
ʱֻ֨ѽһ죬ǽյķžȻǻ򿪡
ѦŮʱһΪʲôæתͷȥⲻãһһ
ΪɵģŵǾȻ֣ɲ룬ɫ侹ȻҲûκ˸кʹࡣһ򿪷ţȻһĵ˼ĹǷȻڼǰ޹˼ɵһ
ʱ⸱ģƺǸո˯ѣ
ѦŮ㵵ؿţ˵Ĺо
ףôô簡Ÿոأ
˫ۣ̬ޱĵؿŮһۣȻ󽿺ص
ѦŮͲŴ͡
Լ˶վһޣһˣȻ˯һޣ
ôô磿
ôô˼Ұѵл𣿡
ɼѦŮŴ죬ǹؿԼͲ̧ذСԼ޵գɻûаҸողϴء
ųɴ˻ѦŮǱ״ˡ
㡭㡭
ƶؿųɣ˰죬Ӳǲ֪Ӻ˵
ѵҪԼ˵ŷε飿Ȼʡ
գҲֻοЦһɴ죬˵ˡ
ѦºҲ죬Ҳͬǿ˿ڣϾǴʱڳɵ뷨ȫ͸ˡ
Ҫ˵İɣ˿̿ûǻ¡
Ҫ˵İɣȴܸоĵ׵˿Ī
Ī˵ãƺģѹҲмãȻ
֮һ仰ڶԳɵ뷨ǳãˣ
ɿ˿ƶֿ˿Ѧº棬գգĵش۾ȻչһЦʵŷأǻûй𣿡
ɴ˻ѦŮһ
ҪЩɶԹŷȫĻʱỳɳǲϲŷˣ
ȻĻ˵Լϲ˵ӣΪλ㵭Ȼ
ѵĲϲŷ壬ֻǵŷõѶѣ
ѦŮĵͬʱʣܿ㱻Ƿɷˡ
ԲܣƽʱɿŷʱǳǾ޷ƭ˵ģ
ôһأ
ǳ׸㲻ˡ
һǵˣʱϵЦݲװģʵʵڵģǳȻЦݡȻ׳ĵ׵ôģûѹǾ
һҲֻʱѹͷŨŨɻ󣬲ȥˡ
ûУӦҲ˰ɡ
Ѧ΢΢Ц
˵ʱһ˫ӽؿųɵ˫ۣҪʵ뷨
ɣЩõġɵ۵ûκ쳣һжǰƽ
ŶѽҾȥ緹ǻˣҲÿԳԵ
ɾʹŶһһЦתųѡ
߽˳ʼΧΧȹϴв緹ĳɣѦŮٴȻС
һۣԴӶԷпԻͲšף⵽ôˡ
ˣȻʱû£Ҳͷˡʲô£ҲǿԹܵģһж˳Ȼɡ
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ƶҲֻе˵ͷǿѹͷĲͰٰʡ
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ǹŷζˣ


490 ķſ
ˡ
˵ѦŮǶһۣȻ޵ؿ˿򣬲æӭǰȥе
ƽʱǶֱŷֵģڣҲ֪εԸΣϻû˿ʧġ
ŷͺЦͷûж˵ʲôȻһЦǰȥѦµС֣ͬʱŮλ㲻˶񡣽ǶһˣǾͽơ
һ˵ô󷽵壬ûΪѦǹŷ¶κμӡԳãʵѦŮ˲ٺøС
ȻˣԺǾдһˣ
Ѧ¾ͷε֣Цص
緹ˣҿѽ
ʱ򣬳ڳɵʹ˳˶תͷȥѦŮһݣͷ۵鵽ʲôϾҪˡ
ŷʼյЦݴʱҲ̲סһ¡ΧΧȹһ߳ĳɣвΡ
ʵѹûҪҲԼӡΪʵ̫˽Ů˫ͬ⣬ĵ׿϶ٶЩĵġ
⣬Բ뿴ġ
ףǻã㻹ǵô
ɶ̧ͷͿ˹ŷΡȻ¶貵ЦݣЦʵ
ƺΪõȷΪҪδΪҲǿԳƺûǺӦõġ
ɽ˶أ
ξЦǰȥæ˹е࣬ʯϺ΢Ц˵
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һЦеأεС֣·δĺѰ㣬û˿˵
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˵꣬ɾεС֣ߵʯԣȻСС룬Ϊʢһ룬ݵС
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ϾһԼһֱԳɵⶼǲȡĬ̬ȡ
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ֻǣΪʲôҪ⽫ǰѳأ
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˼˰죬Ҳ벻ɵ˼ŷҲ͸ɴˡ
Σʱ˵ɲʲôĵľٶȻˣԼҲûҪٵˡ
ڽӴս˵ϯϣΪԼǶѳԵʳͱʾѾ׿˰ɡ
ŷ뵽
ֻǣ֪ΪΣһ뵽ŷĵ׾Ͳٴ˵ĸо
ܵȴʵʵڴڡ
ȻŷоԼлһֻ۵С֣ŷתͷȥؿԼ˵дŵ֮ɫȻѾоԼĵĸо
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ԳɳΣڻоԼ㣬ʵ̫ԲΡ
֮ĶѦŮԼŷһԵĳɶС
ѦŮĽؿŹŷΣΪֻһϣܿǶôű˴ˡֻһ۾ͽĿת˳ɣȻһĻʲôĸо
ǵĵģϵЦʼձţûκβ
ۣãǵĸأ
գգĵۣЦ˵
һЦû˵ʲô۵ȴһ˿Ĺâܿȥûб˷
ŷɴ˻ȴǲζ
ܸоĳʵЩ졣
ģŷҲЩ˵Ҫ˵ǿջЦɣʵǲ
Ϊ˹ŷõȥӦһֳĵ׳żһǵĲ֮⣬һֱƽ
ĵȷȷǷſˡ
ˣҲһõĽ˰ɡ
ǣΪԼǻ֮ȥأⲻԼҪĽ
Ǻǣ࣬ɡ
ڳɵ⣬ŷɲ֪ȥش𡣸Ц˼ɴͷ˭ҲɶҲ룬ͶԼ
ŷ岻֪ǣͷһǣ۵ףؾͻһ˿飬һ˿Ȼ
ޣû˭


491 ÷
ߴ粻ܿܿСİٱϣ۸ԴǷ̶ȣˡ
ϹƹܵϹ磬ߴΣȲЩߴ磬ҲǴ´ࡣ
ȻߴеΣЩߴҪĻҲǲ˿ġ
ȴΪǧǰϹҳֹһǬߣϹۣ
ϹѾȥˣΪӵйǬǿߵϹңǵ̿ɲһԱġ
οϹǿߣϹ۵ӣ
֪ӵʲôΪҲ֪ƿŶôǿ
֣Ҳ˱Щߴ磬ϹǰҲҹΡ
ʱϹڣȴһƬء
еôôݻ
ԽǲθߵģԽǲں湦ˡֻԼʵǿ󣬲Ǹ
ʱڣһŻǷ׷λϣ䶼Щء
Щ඼ģֻߵλãȻǵߡ
ǰһŴΣһ֮ϣûκα顣
ûв鵽𣿡
ŹվԼ·ߣʵ
ϷˣϹүǶԳȥ߲ûдκˣҲûи֪κˣԲ
߳һᣬǵУεʵشԲǳѣݹƣҪһҲС
Ҫһꣿ
üëʱһߵҲӵһ㡣
Ȼûбֳκɱѹ黹ƽޱȣҲƽѹ
ԣֻǱһۣߵĶͷͲֳһϸܵĺ顣
˵˵ǶѾ˿һʱ˰ɣ˵Ҫһꣿǻܸʲô鱨ǲϹұ˴ſ˲֪
*һ̬ǲ˵
ǣǡһǼӿٶȲ̽ġ
ͷĺˮ˲ϲͷ
֪ǰϹҵ֧ҲϹ۵ӣϹǿ÷жôǿƵġ
ǰһΪĳ÷˵ò׼ȷֻԽ˼䣬˲÷ɱļˣܵǣ
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ȻԼŮӶǿƣҷŰƨ
ˣҲҪЩϻ໹£㻹޷̽õĻôͺ鱨ĸ߲ȫ˶ϰɣ
÷һ֣ƽص
˵Ļȴͷðһɭɭ⡣
Ϊ֪÷˵ġҲ˵Լ֮ڻ鲻Ϲүģģ˭ɱĻôԼˣ
ҲҴˣֻʹͷʾԼ֪ˡ
ˣ߰ɣ
÷һ֣ҲȥǸһۡ
Ǹȴɴ⣬æ÷һȻҴȥˡ
ͬʱҲﰵ¶ģҲһҪ鵽ϹүôϢ
ȻĻԼļҲһһ٣
ûҪԼļ͵͵ߣǳȲ˵Լܴܲߣ˵Դߣ÷ǿƺ;Բκ˱ѵԸ񣬱ԼӵĺǣҲһᱻҵ
ߣ㣬Ϸɶͬ⣬ȷֵóͷΪһԱţºˣɶȻ˸ɱˣ
Ǹ߳ȥ÷ּĿתмλõһ
ǸĵײһЦ
֪ԼĶӾȻᱻɱˣҪ֪ĻԼ׵ģôܲ˱
ƺСҲˣҲʡˡøֶŮˣƭŮҲͰˣȻԼı㣡
Һӷֵ磬Ȼӵɾͳ׻ˣ¾Լ֮λҲסˣ
ţȴһ仰Ҳ˵ֻеŸͷ÷ĺ
ˣ߰ɣǾͷġ
÷ͷ˵Ҳû˼ȥ˼ڰ֣ͶһڶŮµ
ȥ÷ƽɫ¶һ˿ɷ
˵ôϹɵȥϹɵȷ۰һӣҲ޷ԼŮô࣬Ҳûʲô̫ĵġ
ںģǾȻ˸ɱԼϹҵˣ޷ԭµģ
ߣ˭ֻҪ㱻Ҳ鵽׼ɣ
÷һ˿ɱ⣬ݺ˵


492 ְϣ
СԺڡ
˳ԹȫȻζ֮󣬱׷׳ŻҰֻ´ȥ
ΪȽˣս˽ְûźá죬Ȼʽˡ
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˷գγһĬƵģң󣬶Ůһһҽŷм䣬һͬշ裬ǿɡ
Һ÷赱жŮƮȥˣȻΧƵŷǼ⣬϶ֻһԳԼ
ѦŮȻǸڹŷˣŷǰպƽгĹŷˣﻹЩġ
ܸоԸΪһ¼˼򵥣
˵ٶǺܿġ˸˼Լ˼һѾ´ǰ
ûŷѾֻҰֻصи߲㶼Ⱥ棬Լһˡ

С壡
ŷ壡
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ѵǶ˶˲ɣ
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Ҫ֪γòɣ绪ŮӣǿԷһλʮ˴㻻ģܲܳɹһ⡣
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ŷ˵νһһ϶ݸӦְλͽ͡
һҰֻԭλϵĿ϶µռⷽǿĽ档
ǲɱ飬ŷҲɴ˻ҰֻЩ˶ԽԼλõռĴ治ԲŻ˵ôһ䡣
ʵŷǶˡ
֮УǿΪǿǿ϶θߵλˡ
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ͷİǽһˣ˭ʲôְλһΪǻҰֻظǿ󣬵Ȼͻΰ
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ҪǼʶԶ˵֪ϵĺȫװĻŷ嶼ҪصĺԻס
ŷЦؿһЦĳأǺãǾʹ㿪ʼɣ
Ҳȳ˵ŷתͷɷ˵ʦִ鱨ϵͳɣڻҰ½ʱɱר鱨ͰɱģӦÿԽһ򷢻ӵã
ڳغԪƹܵ鱨ϵͳŷһֱܲ⡣ǶòãϾޣҲֲͷȥ
ʦ鱨ܣǹŷͿʼĥġΪڻҰ½ʦƿصɱ˵Ƿǳǿһ鱨ϵͳǿùŷΪ
߿˵Ұ½ǿ鱨֯ʦɱ
СӶңû⣬Ұֻص鱨ͽɣ
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УҰɣ
ɷоͲֳһ˿ڴ֮ɫˣָоûгֹˡ
ԼĹͽ̨ԼֽصʱɱʱѪˣ
뵽ɷ侲ԣ˿̶
ɷ۵׵˷ܣŷЦЦȻĿתս졢ïͳ̻ˣЦүү͸λǶóġ
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УʲôֱӰűˣ
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˵Ϊֻʮڱ˵׳ڵĸˣĽΪΪĳ̻ϣԶ޷Եơ
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ԴˣȻï̻ҲġûκβŹŷ壬ȴһİš
أϣͺï˴ɸ֣ï
ŷͰŵϣɳ̻֣үү֪ɺã
սĹǿϾҲŸ磬һжϤһҰֻҲҪӴϤֻʱɳ̻ˡ
£Ȼ˵ĴҰֻɻ֮ìܡ桢˵ȵȹϵ
ЩΪ˿ɲУïֶԴ˱Ƚóֻ֧Ұֻ£ʲˡ
˵ȻǻҰֻ³ԱڲԱĽͷǱߵķԼҰֻڲĸصȵȵȵȡ
Ҫ˵ۺͷĻǹĳ̻Ϻսˡ
⻹кβõģУУ
ս΢΢һЦЦ
ϸĻҲͬᷢ۵Ĩ˷֮ɫ
ɷһͬڻҰֻأһЩ˵ļ飡
Ƕû飬ŷЦŵ˵ͷȻХᡢշˡ
ԺרŹҰֻصִô
ŷȶշʵ
շԸȽϳ֮ˣεͬڳλǱȽϺõġ
ҰֻϽ½ڵĸеΰ⣬ؽõܺõĸơҲǹŷҪĽ
ʵڻҰֻϽ¸ĳǳڣûз۸ͻɱԭ飬ԭԼɱŹɲ١
⻹ڻҰֻزŸո𲽣˲ʵϡٵԭ
ʹ̻ǿҲһˣܹ˽ɱ鷢ò࣬ѾǷǳˡ
շļ룬ؽὫΰõһܺõĽ
õġ
շﻹôŷĻҲֻǵ˵ͷ΢Ц
ŷֽĿ⿴Х󲮣רŸҰֻصսӣֻҰѡΰɣ
֮ǰֻҰÿһεĴѡΣïġïûüһΣŷͽս˽ˡ
ХҲٺʲѡˣ


493 ְУ
ԣ
ХٺһЦϴЩص
Цݣŷ巴ӷˡ
Ϊֻ֪ҰѡХ֣һϿ㣡
⣬ǹŷҪģ
ŷ嵱ֻҰĳԣҪһ֧ս޲ʤĵӡĳԱɶΪӢĴڡȻĻŷҲķǰװˡ
ХǹĲЦݵĿɲֹŷһˣͬμλκˣ½ͬХЦ۵ס
ʱǾͲشһʶЦ
κ˵û̫ĸоϾѾֻҰˡ̵ģ׼μӴȵ½һԤӵĳԱ
ðأ
ȣվҪȵġ
£½Ϊ׵Ԥ˶ĵװ¶ģ֮һҪٴμӽĻڼϿ£ԼǲгΪֻҰԱĿԵġ
Щģһˡ
ʵǵְţŷ廹û̫ࡣ
ϾڸĲܶȲЩһĸ;ҲֻܸѣȻȥѧϰ
ȻʯСѾǣȥְˡڵΪܵͣǱԶ˵ġ
ԣȫΡɵһΪҰֻصרְսԱ
£ŷͽԪûжǱһšǴڱȽƵְλһȥѧϰеľ顣
󣬵ȵҰֻصչǿ󣬱һˣ
սְ񣬽ֵҩˡ
Ӧټ϶Ѱ
ȥʲôˣźҩһ£רΪҰֻڲԱװжģȻҲóˡ
Ѱţïġ
רڻҰֻϽµĸ統Ѱٿûʲô³Ŀ
ֻ֪Ҫ绹ڣôȡ֮֮ߵġһģһµĻۣһ
ȻҪȥκһطȥѰٵġҲѰŵˡ
ˮ½ǿ֮أŷ嵱ҲֻѰ˼Сһֶѣ֪лûиҫʯڣ
һ˵޷ʲôãҪ̫ˡԣҪרŵѰˡ
⡣
ⷽġ
ƶҿΪⷽĴ֣ҲΪһĸˡ
ŷͿźƶЦ
ƶһû뵽ԼⲿžȻҲаţҹŷ廹˵ΪԼȥһĸ
𾪵У޾Ŀϲˡ
𾪵ڳľȻϲԼڲôˣңԼҲкͬĻᣬҲܶⷽиεˣ
˭
ƶһ˫ĵ˫۾ռⷽɨӣŮ˵ֱֻͬĸӦĿһӾͶ˽ϣ
ǺǣûǻҲʶˡ󣬾һִͬⲿŰɣ
ŷ˵ЦſʯƹʯԺרŸǻҰֻصĲеװҩԴʯʯȵһԴҪ֧롣ԣǻǳġ
ʯƹְǹŷ徭˼ǵġ
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ŭеҲûʧȥǣ֪ʿԷ˭ϾᣬӵΪģҪ˵ûʲô֧֣Ҳŵġ
ԷԼĴôԼҲͳˡֻȽлᣬٱǣ

ߺߡǵԼĽ
ŷ建ϲϲŭ
ֻÿһҪΪһֵƾܿ˿̵ﵽ׳ŭɱ⡣
޷ĺڷͺۣǱһ㣡
ŷ΢΢𣬹ճһ°Ļߡ
΢Ц


501 ĽῪ
ţŷ壿
ɿԼͦӣˮĴ۾оһ˿ĵϲɫ
ȴͱڸǡֻҧź촽վԭأ㲻˵
ӣȴڹŷֵһ̣ͱ׵˾⡣
ŷӵؿ˵ͷСίĳһۣǿѹͷϧĿȻ俴ӣûȥǵĻֻǵ˵Ǹղ˵ûж⣿
ȻŷûԼ˵ĻʻҲʢˣܲˬȻʲô֮ȻΪŷļ仰ɥʧǣرǹŷǹŨɱƣǲɵͬʱȻ
д˵ƵΪƱżǿ
ԣûŷʵ֮ǰǻǿѹ˻
ǸΪǿҲǸ˧õӿŹŷ壬üʵʸ˭
ȻҲûʲôԵĲǻеİǷǳԵġ
ҲǣͲģ˧õɷûȷŷݱҫ֮ǰŵǷǳġ
ɣûίɣ
ŷȴ·ûԷĻһ㣬ҲٺͶԷĥߴתͷʵ
ʵոչŷҲֻǿ˶ԷץɵСֶѣ֮ǰûܵʲôίԲŻһʡ
ͬʱŷڵҲʱҩҲȫʩš۳ûбԷռˣŷ춼Źǡ
ŷҲԷ;д˵ΪҲһġ
Դ˹ŷȴȥܣֻҪǵ˳ɣǵóɲˣô磬ԼҲһҪǻɱ
ΪԼ˺˳ɣùŷĵޱˡھȻǳɣǹŷ޷ԭµġ
ŷĻľȻҡҡͷһ˫ĵ۳˵ؿŹŷ壬Ҳ֪ʲôۿٴˮ
εİģǰۡʹùŷ޲һѽԼĻúϧһ
ŷ֪ǲܵ顣
ιҴ㻰أư
һ˧õӵĸӣŷǣ˲ŭˡ
û˧õǰǸҲͬΪǱҪǿ
ϾҪǱҪǿ󣬳ǶԷ磡
ŷ廹ûü˵һԵĳȴͻȻŭˡ
ղŹŷ嵽ֱӽԺֻйŷӰڣҲֻԼΪ˿࣬Ϊû֮ǰŷ
ԷȻʼ˹ŷ壬ˡһղ˵ľԼһͱǸռˣʱͱŭ
ĸ߰ȫԵԷڷƨǣȴǹŷ壡
ǳҲԭµġ
ԣ˼ӷŭ֮£˲չֳ˴δڹŷǰ˵δֹŭ
ͺǣƹʱŷ壬ε֮ŭһ㡣
ʱ䡢ص㡢֮⣬ҧгݵķŭĸСĿɰģǰơ
ͷ·ʱٻصǸʱһ㡣
ŷֻܰоѣὫɵΡ
Ⲣ˵ΪɱȲΣһĴڡ
˭Ҳ޷ȡ
ŷоůůһ£ɲóΪԼǰȥͶԷܡ
εΪǱԼôһ㣬ʱڳ˸һ˿ԶκвȴͬˣԷȴһ߽ĩڣһĩڣ
˵óɳǰȥˣŷỹóԶԶ˿
ΪһָоˣǸĩڱԴ߻ûʲôǸ߽ĩΪıԴߣŷоҪǸ˽׳ڱԴɱֻҪѲҪǿ
ԼĵһͶְɡߵǿ̶ȣɲǼ򵥵ΪߵͿжϵġ
ԣŷҲóֵĽԴ
һ֣ס˳ƴС֣Լ󡣶󣬾˿ȥȻעǷǸ߽ĩڱԴϡ
ŷͻȻסС֣ɵĽ͵һ
⻹ǹŷ״ʽԼֵģһʱóһεأˡ
վڹŷ󣬿ΰıӰо¶ȣ˵飬Լٶȸš
ںԼģ
ȻôԼί۸˴أ
ԣѦ£ǺƶССԶŮίŷ嶼ͦǿļΪǵһзꡣ
ȴܹظоŷΪԼڵʱֲͬо
ָоҲ˵ȴʵʵڵظоŷԴԼĲͬ
ͺڶԴʱָо
ճһЦ¶˵Ц⣬ǿն˫ٴλָյɫʡ
һΣе֪˹ŷԼ⡣
ԭԼûһӰӡ
ɽ⿪Ľ᲻ͬǣ˵ŷסǰۻС֣Ҳһ޵ģʱһؿڡ
رǸ˧õӣĿȻ䣬ɱҲ˳
ɵһرǿɾȻǺʱѾɹԼŮеС
˾ɫŮӣǴδһδ£ѵһļƷŮˡ
ݳҲ״һŮǰЩʧ̬Ȼչǰ䲻мôֶΣҪŪ֡
ΪǰֻҪһվͻŮͶͱﻹˣֶΣ
ҪŮˣҲ¹֮ŮuuǸŮ
ΣҲ¹ģ
ԣ˵޳ֶδùֱ˳ɡ
óô޳ֶΣ̲סѹ˶Էס˶ԷΣҪȥץס˫޳ѩ׵̵ͬһС֣ܸȼƷｫǺεĸܡ
û뵽ǾȻͻȻֵһСӸƻˡ
ĵޱŭʱѾԹŷɱġ
Ҫǲ֪Էݶһ˿˼ɵĻӣ罫ŷɱﻹ˵֮ķϻ
û뵽ǣ˫ԼޱȴѵС֣ȻԼµСҿɵģƺûκһķУ
潿ߣҸ
ɸͷŭա
СʵȷǼټ٣Σ
;ز۵Żˣ
һûԼ˧ûԼǿءǶԷ磬Ҳ޷Լȣ
⣬Ȼǲܵ飡
м˻СطģǻԽأ
УǡܱԼ
ɺ֮£
ԣƶѾԿ϶СӱǿҲԼһͬǶߴ磡
ٸ߾;ûǸˣ
ߣ㱳һǶߴΣ㵨ҽƷɵŮˣҲһ
ƷɲһЦŷɱҲŨһ֡
ͬʱڵҲӿֻһնԼ£
ԵǸӣڸӦƷɵɱ͵һ̣ҲǺԥʩųԼ
ǽƷɵĸ࣬ʵǽƷɵıܡ
ֻǴСԽƷհԿǽƷɵĸһ
ЩҪҪǣ˿˫գ˲ͽ뵽һĵز
Ϳ˭̲סһˣ
ŶԷŨɱͰŷȴһЦ
ûˣᱻԷƺɱգ
ɣվǱȥҡ
ŷתͷϵıһ䣬תΪЦݣָŰĵط΢Цŵ
ҹڱԴ˵͵ǰ죬ΪڰκӰ졣
ɱ˵ףľ޵һЦݣ֮ǰıǽȻͬˡ
ţԼСĵ㡣
촽˵ĩˣһ˫ĵĴ۾ɱؿ˽Ʒһۣ㲻ҪŹǣһҪǶɱˣ̫ˣ
ŷȻʧЦȴǷǳص˵ͷİɣ㲻˵ǽҲ
ɲٴһЦݺݵص˽Ʒɶһۣɿ˹ŷĴ֣תŹŷȥ
ûԶվڰ⾲ؿŹŷ壬ΰıӰǿΪԼڵзꡣ
ˮĴ۾Уۡ
ԼȻ޷ŷκν٣֪˹ŷԼ⡣
ˣ
ϾԼʶ֮ǰһŮѽģġ
ٿƷɶˡ
ʱǶ˲Ӷˡ
ղŹŷͳ֮죬ûпѹСǶȻܹһֲ
˵ֻǹŷ˵ҪǻɱĻǿ϶֮Աǵġ
ǿɲţŷнǻɱ
ϾֻŵĴʣʵľԴ
ǣȻǳɶݺݵؽйŷ彫ǻɱ֮󣬲ζըˡ
ԼеŮ˵ɱȱŷ˵ӻ
رǳŷ֮۵ңýƷһȭͷ÷࣬ҧÿֱ졣ģͲŷ岦Ƥˡ
СӣԼ
ƷɽҧأĿޱݵ˵
֮ǰԳʱ⡢º͵ģγޱĶԱȡ
να˼ˡ
ߣɸ磬ʲôȥץ㴦ã
ԵǸӾһƷҲûκαʾ֪Ĭˡ
ǺٺһЦһһǹͳСһͿسŹŷֱ
ֻƣһηˡ
ǣһڹŷֽϻ
ĩڱԴΪҲͬżģ뽭Ʒɱȴǲ˺ܴһصġ
˵ĲֹΪŵĳ̶ȡ
ҲǷŵȵģˣȻĩȣȴҲ߲Ķȥ
ۺʵأҲͲ൱һ߽׳ڣڱԴʵˡ
ʵΪǿһصĹŷֽϻʲô
ŷҪҩսȻһĻսͲ̫ˡ
ҲǹŷҪġҩǿսǱʶ϶ɽΪԼΪ֮·ϵϰ
ңʵս顢ٶȵȵȵȵȣǰ⣬ǹŷ뿴ġ
ֻƾԼʵʵսĥЧģ
ЩͷҲֻڹŷԺ֮еˡ
俴ŶԷŷ岻һ֣ͽ˳
ֻõȴǸͷöûùĹ
ȻһսҩԣôҪԼʵսˡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪʤҩԣʲôУ
˵ŷöûùˣʽȴεս˹ŷԺŷγһ塣
·κһм似Ȼһֱܣ
˵ŷóͬʱ㣬ȻñԴ֮۳˹ң׼һ㵣ȻЦĶԷ


502 ŷ
ʵҲֲöԷ¶˱顣
֮һҾ󲿷ʹߣΪŮԡ
ŷͽ˶ȴͻȻóôһԶ̹ʱöԷĵ׳˳
ΪŷΪͲ϶ҲǿĶȥ˿ȴõһֹǿǹ֮ö˵
Լֶ޷ƿɣ
Ц뵽ҲӰһ㡣
ƷԹۣŷóҲ΢΢һҲ̲ס¶һ˿Ц
Ϊŷôǿóţʹţ似ء벻ȻóһŹµĹ
ȻԶ̹ҹٶǽսĺüǹ̫ͣԷķƲˣǹٶٿкã
Լ֣⽭һ˾ԶԸСˣ
ֻǣСӵ似ȻôڣǼɫġ
٣Լδĸ;ĽΪġ˵ѩǸ̬ˡ
ƲӦʲô֮ԼӦ֪˭Ŷԡ
ǣΪò似Ϣȵȷ棬޷ԼԺЩغأ
ңʣԼļ䵱Уƺ˷ѩ֮⣬˿Ტ۵ġ
ĳصĳţ߰£ͱԼǡɸײˣ
Ӧã
ƷҡҡͷԼ뷨
Ȳ˵жжٸ磬Լ᲻ôùײϡֻ˵ĸصĳţǼǳģôҲһгΧ
Ҫ֪ûκðüĳŶԳģκ¶ܡΪһĸɵɵ㶵˸ɱˣʧɾ޷ˡ
ԼһˣΧȴûκһӰ֣ǲڰбˡ
Ҳ˵꣬϶ˣĿԶС
˴ƷɵҲɸӰһ㡣
ֻҪ磬¶ԷǶ磬ôɱҲɱˣºԼؼˣѵԷܵԼȥɱԼ
ֻߣѵΪһţԼԲɣ
Ȼûֿܵġ
ţɵȻԶĳϵ΢Цʱȴһͻ̲סüͷ
ɵЦݵȷðݣַԹ⣬ԶΪ֮ߵ
ǣƷڳ֮࣬ĵȴЩΪڳϣͿκһص֮ɫ
Ǽġ
Ҫ֪Ϊô˵Ҳĩڣ似似ȵȷ棬ǿ߽ͨڱԴ֣ǲضá
أٱ̬Ҳֻ൱ױԴ߰ɣΪֲ١
԰ǰŷκһ˿ʤ㣡
ȴΪûһ˿ǣһۣģƺѾ˿ˣ
⵽ô£
ѵǸʲôսʤĵƣ
ƷĥţҲ΢΢Ҳٴαŷ׼ʱӪ֮١
ΣСһûģ
ڽƷɵľٶŷѾ
ԴˣֻһЦ
Ľŷһ֣֧ɱԴ֮۶ɵĹֱֱŽȥ
ʹ͸ҲǸߵΪǿġ˵Ǹڵġ
Ϊ񣬸ΪۣĹ͸ȣȻҲǿ
ŷ壬Ǵսʱڵ൱ĩΪˡĽڵ۳̶ȣǱЩĩڱԴҲǲضã
Ҳ˵ͨŷĹ൱ĩڱԴǿߵĹˣ
ټ似ļӳɣȻɲܱȵ߽ױԴߣҲࡣ
һȷƲķȻ㹻
źХƷ֮ȥ֧Ÿոһ֧پǵ֧֧
ŷҲ֪Լ˶֧ȥûκμһֱߣŤһ㣬·
ǹĺôˡ乥ٶȣǿþˣǽսĺü
һŷҲһ߷ˡ似ڻûʱȥƣڻ֧£˫ѥӵļӳ֣ŷٶȵҲֻȽҪһѡ
ҪŷĹǵٶϵȻҲǵȻ޴棬ȫŷٶȳƽˡ
ִ򷨣ʵҲǹõķŷݡȷǺ󣬺Уһһм仹һɵĹߣʵŷڷŷһ㡣
顭
ֻһײ֮׵ļ֧ɵؾͱǹֵ
ֻҲŷԤϵǰ㣬ٶҲɴ½֮ľҲôԶ
ʵŷͲΣ֪ԼĹ϶޷Խʲô˺ҲֻɧŶѡ
ȴǹŷĿġ
ϣ
ϵû׼ᣬ֮ƣԷһ
ҩܣֻҪԴʯ㹻ŷţǬߣҲ޷Լȳ־ս
ȻҲôһѣҪǬߣŷôܻ᣿
Ҳǹŷ岻̫ҩˡȻﻹ˷Ѿ
ŷȱľʱ䣬һһöԷȥõĳͷЧ
⣬ҲǹŷѡսҪĿģ
۸ɣôҪµ׼
ٶ룬ŷһӰӰҲǴŽҷɣͲڱ׷ɱڵϷԷ
ȷûŷŪ
ԷУŷ޷
ǴʱüѾӸЩˣȻ¹Ļˡ
ֻӦŷˣнƷɵǿϢ֮ЩǿҲֻױԴΪĻӳŵͣ˽Ų
ɲɵȻԷ¹սǿ϶Ƕ¹粻̫ںġʱԼҪǰȥǱǻɱԼҲǷǳпܵ顣
ԣֻһ룬ȥȥ¹߲ˡ
ּսɲֹܹˡ
˵Ҳڿսûж¹ʩԱʧҲͲ̫ǣǾ߲ͨ㣬ǳ档
Χߣսһ̣ҲĶ㿪ˡ
߽ױԴڳǵҽۿǴ
û⣬֣ǾԴ˰
顭
ԣһƬУҲֻʣ¹ŷˣԼǷŷݰӰԼײ֮
˵һսúȤûһ㼤飬ûһѶȡ
٣ŷõġ


503 Ū
Ŵ˺üӣȴʼճĽŷ΢΢üͷ
ȥҲһ취˵϶ܹҪˣԱ߻һƷɶأ
ŷɲΪƷɻؿŽԼ
üһˡ
ŷ΢΢ڵȻ͵ؼӴ۳һ֧â֮ǰҪ̺ȴҪĹ
ಡ
һҪΪ΢ƿ֮ǰĹȥǰһĹڵ£Եͻأ
ȥ۲ӦĻǺѷ֧ر֮ġ
ʵⲢǹŷʲôƣֻһŷöûùļ似ĴС
ռ
似ȻǿҲ඼ŷˣˣ֮ǰŷǺúý似һģ֮ġ츫
һ֮ļ似ŷ岻˵ǿǬߵ似ȣȴǴ´ˡ
ο似ҲԼˣȻҪΪǿһ㣬ټǴУԱеȹ似
ȻûзռĴڡôεĵֵѾǱʶΪŷĹֻôǿ˶ѡ
ԣԸǿ϶ˡ
أ
һ죬͵һϵӦ飬Ҳͻһ¸Щ
ֻͻ¼ܹӦģĩڵΪɲǰװװǶģ
ߣС
ЩСǱĽָĵһʱ䣬ٴʩųһŭΪıκεңǳ룡
˺ţʵޱȵƵġ
Ϊɾܽŷɱһ£벻ԷȴѲ
ٶȿþˣ⹥ȻҪԼˣ
ر̶ȣǲ˼顣
Ҫ˵ĽڱԴߣ˵ǧȫĹˣֻһڵҲ͸ɿˡ
ǹŷأⶼǧˣȴûƵã˵ݽɫˣֵġ
⻹һĽڱԴӵе𣿿£൱ױԴߵ˰ɣ
ѵһﲻɣ
ޱƵšʱ򣬹ŷǵռҲССһµĵ׸ѵ
δҵĸ񲻳ɣ
ݺôһ䣬ƺҲӦƣٴ̧ۿŷʱȴȻɫƺ԰һ֡
ҵﰡ»ˣ̵ģҴôŪ㣡
ޱ˷ܵؿɫԽ԰ףͷҲֳĹŷ壬ݺݵ뵽
ҪǸղһ̫ˣԼĩΪȻһĽڱƳҪ˵ȥԼûطˡ
رԱ߻һ绨ĳ˿أԼҪò¹ŷ壬ɾͶˡ
Ҫ֪ǰŷսͬ뷨ġǰĻ¾Բˡ
ΪԼҲѡ٣ºǣ̶ȵǱƵõġˡ
˰ɣҿ㻹Nɪ
ŷɫԽ԰ףĺԽԽ̲࣬סһشЦ
رŷ֮ǽСľ룬ޱ˷ܡ
ͷ·ǿԼһǹᴩŷţȻģ
ԣѹûע⵽ڵҲڷɿؼš
Ϊ֮Ĺŷ嶼õռԽֵʱҪҲ͸Ӵ
ˣ֪УԼ֮ĳ̶ȣֻǴ˷ܺɱԼеûע⵽ѡ
˵˿ע⵽ˣҲһע⡣Ҫǣŷڵ״̬Ѿǿ֮ĩ
ʼտսŷȻ԰׵ɫҲΪŷװģԲû̫⡣
漴ŹŷɫӲ԰ףϢ΢֮󣬳ҲʼɹŷǲĳŲסˡ
Ȼⲻܣŷӣʵ̫̫ƺĻ
͵ʼЩżʱȴȻŷ徹ȻǳջͷԼգգۣʱ̲סһЦǽģҲ˲¡
ߣĻװءҶϵ
ɺЦؿݼԳƵϳ뻯Ĺŷ壬ȴȻһ˿ж
֪ŷսȫȻҪŪԷΪԼ
ȻԹŷʵӣĥߴ
΢΢ֳ̣ЦݡУҲů
Сӣȥɣ
پ˴һӵ׷֮󣬽׷˹ŷӰŷ˿ѪɫףʱһޱȳشЦ
󣬺ԥؾ̧ǹֱֱŹŷŴȥ
ֻ־ΪԼһǹܹᴩɶСӵŵʱȴȻ֪ʲôʱ򣬹ŷϾȻȻָѪɫ
ɫϢƽȣ鵭ĮЦиղһľֺͷˣ
ֻһ˲䣬Լ϶˶ԷȦס
ȴûʱȥ𾪹ŷΪλУҿ͸ȫƵˡ
Ϊ͵ؿŷԼһֱЦĹҲ֪ʲôʱ򻻳ԼͻҪһľ͸ͷ
ⲻͫȻһôܹظܵԾ޸̺Ӵ
ǰļ¡
˵ô޴ĸͷû̺乥¾ԼѼƤˣ
ˣԼˣ﷭˰
ֻǣСӵ衣˭ǿ˹ز
㿪
ͻȻһ˾ŭէȻ𡣲룬ȻһһֱԹ۵ĽƷˡ
ո֮ʣŷȻоһԼǰδܹӴѹǿѹ¡ֻѹ˵˵ʵ;а˽ڱԴʵ
ѹһǿҵΣдǺպƣʹùŷҲ״֣
˽ĩڱԴ벻˵ۺʵȻǿ˰˽ĩڣ
ŷȻ˵ʵȫ˵ԼϵΪǿĸˣ

ȴҲÿ֣ҲԼһƣνţǿʲôز
ǲҲǡ߹󡯵һԶԶԼƫĲݸԱȵģ
ŽƷӴƺ͹ŷ嵱ȻɵȥӲӲ
˵żԴ׵ԵֵŷɲһԸվǵȴˡ
һЦŷʵҲ׽ƷһΪɱԼΪ˴Լ¾½
ҹŷҪɱˣˣҲһɱ
кһŷһͱܿ˽ƷɵĹеľ޸ȴҲ£Žȥ
ڽƷɵľϾЩԶոһҲǿһԸ޷ڶʱڼ۳µĶԹŷвĹ
ֻޱԹ޵ؿŹŷĹ뽭ԽԽԼȴΪ
ϵܣ飡


504 ¹ıɡ
ϵܣ飡
һԶԶгżС
ܽйŷΪϵܵģҲô˶ѡ¹УȻʥǹˡ
ŷֻ΢΢бһۣ͵ջĿ⡣еĹ˿䣬Žȥ
֮ǰ˵켴ˣҲһҪ˸ɵ
ĺͽƷ϶¶һ˿ϲġ
ȻܹóϾ˫ĹϵͺñĹϵһ㡣
һ̵ֱģҲǽң
ԣĻǰΪϵܡ֪ǿ϶ʶˡ
Ȼʶһж˵٣ǶֵˣǹϵҲ϶ŷô˵ҲҪһӣŹġ
ȴû뵽꾹ȻǶԹĻ˿ᣬٶȻҪһӣȫҪһоͽɱ
ǳɵˡ
ôҲûϵ쾹ȻԼڡ
һһΪԼ˺ü׵ϣһһСС統У
ڰԼΪ͸ŽƷأ
ԼҪΪֺýƷɣӧ̬սأ
رǣԼΪҪȥϷǸŮأҪԼǰ˼ңҲ˸Ͼɱ
ºˣԼˡ
衭ְ֡үүءҲء
ʹڲѣҪǴʱûʱȥܻڵúޡ
ҪǣֻǸոտʼ
ϵܣɣ
ۡ
ޱȽ֮һ֮Ľ֮
ٿԶһȼǰ棬İˣҫ
ʱǶһɫؿͷĹŷ塣ŷһͷնȥҲ˲仯أǵģҲɸųȥ
ϵܣǡ
廯صڵϣϢɢҲ˾ֺ;Լں޵Ľգ΢̾ȴ֪˵ʲôˡ
˵ʱ򽭶ûȴ֪ʱѾмѪˮ
飬Ǵ޽ڴˣҲǾȻ
ǡ
ٳ˶ռ䣬ſܱס겻ɢ˲пһḴ

鱦кܶ˶У壬ӵһ
ǣͼӵȴȻ١Ѿư¹֮ãҲͶĵر뵽鱦дôĶ鱦Ҳֻǽڶ鱦ͼ֮ѡ
ֻһȴԶѶҲǼޱȡ
ƷҩʦͻƵƷѶȣҲǲضáǣҪΪһЩ
ɴ˿ɼϡٳ̶ȵжôˡǾ͸˵ǿٳ˶ռޱټ
Ҳ˵죬ˣ
ٿƷɣʱɫѾޱһ˫ȭͷ÷˰ף֮ضɱһˣȴ䶼ûбһ£ʼյĮĹŷ壬ŭա
˵ֻһܣҲô󿴵𣬵ô˵ҲԼıܲǣ
Լ棬رǵǸŮӵ棬ԼıܸɱˣԼĸ飿
СԼӶ˲Ǵ͵ڳࡣ㡣ˣ
ôһСᣬƷڵҲָƽҲ룬ͽóʼ˹
ŷȻȻ壬ҲûóϷŪԷΪ˶սƲ˿ʹ⡣
ϢŭλϢŭ
ʱ򣬳ĬһĹۼ˫Ҫʼˣʱŵ˹ͬʱ
˵ʵǿЦֹ
ߣıɡ˵Щûнҵ֧֣¹磬ͳ˱˵Ŀв͡
ҵǿޱȣ˵˵ʮױԴߣ;Ʋ˶ԶԸˡ
٣Щ˵˺սԶԸ˵ģ
Ҫ֪ʮױԴߣǬǿĳ˰ֻҪٽһǱǽǿߵУ
ԣûиϰ߽װ˽ףһʮŽױԴǿ֣жԸʮױԴߵ뷨
˵ǾŽˣҲ˵ôȻˣ˵һ˽ױԴߣ¹綼ûа
˵ŷߡ
ŷ˵Ͷˡ˵ûкķʲôʵԵ棬֮Ĺϵ˻ܻȡ޷ġ
ˣڹŷ壬Ҫһ㡣
ǣĹŷûгɳ޷ȥ뽭ҶԿҪҸǺϣԼ¹磬Ҳסġ
⣬Ҳǹ͵ĵڡڽɡŷȷɶˡ
ΪЩ˽⣬ԹŷҰģԹŷʺǣ˵ޱȵܰٷ֮ٵؿ϶ֻҪŷʱ䣬˵ǽĶˣ磬ŷп
ֻʷδڹŷͱд˵ȳɾ;ܿ϶һ㣡
Ƿģڹŷôʱǲ
λλϢŭϢŭ
ЩͷֻԺһ´ҴҶһͺ˶֮䣬æϴЦԲ
ΪҲ߽ͬĩڣŷûмģ߽׳ڣΪҫһм䣬ŷͽƷ˶ֻͣ
ĳ֣ŷ岢û˵ʲôֻĮĿţûż֡
Ͼô˵ԴԼʵϣʱҪô˵
Ȼֻǹŷ忴ڹϲŻˣҪŹˣǾԲܵ飡
ǹֶԸԼ޿ܣ
ŷҲţӦǲ϶ԷԸԼġ࣬Ҳֻ롣
λºαضǹ˺أ
Цͬʱض߽Ϊʹ˸ɫʾǺú÷ҪԼעֿʼܡ
֮ȿ˽ƷɣЦӣ֪ʲôʱİҲû֪ͨһ
Ʒʱ򣬹ͬʥڻҰֻŷأ֪Ҳ
ǰƷɿܻΪԼףuuԼЦӭȴͬˡ
Ȳ۵֮󣬹uuҲƵǴŮòȻȫ˿Ȥֻ˵ӣй徹ȻûаԼһǴԲȰܣ˲Щɱ⡣
Լҳ䵱¹籣ɡô֪꣬Ϊ¹˶ٴ鷳ͷȴͲվԼⷽ
˵ҲûվǸһ⿴ڽƷ͵ǺԼŸˣ
ֻ⣬ԹǴΪŭ
Ŀ⣬ҲȻ


505 ɣ
ߣȲʲôʱġ
Ʒɾһб۵ƳһЦ΢Ĺ壬ȻתͷָŹŷ壬ɱص˭㻹ϵܣ
Ʒɲǻһָ߸ϣʢ˵ļơ
˵¹ıɡȷΪ¹鷳¹һβǸ˼Ĵ۵Ĳŵõıأ
˵ڽʲô統УҲһˡοԻڡ
˻һһƤ⽭ƷȻǽҵĴӣôǳ⣬ɫʱͳ
뵽ҵǿԼĳЩǣ廹һǿѹŭ𣬰ڰֹ֣Ҫ彭Ʒɷ£ŽƷɵ˵ǰøϵһֵܡ
ûȥ͹࣬Ҳ˶٣˵ȻҲ֮䵽׷ʲô£һϣܸһӣ£ʹΣ
˵ŷ彫ɱˣȴֻǽһϵĹӶѣɱҲɱˣºķѵǮٴصǫҲͿԽ°ƽˡ
ԹŻῪԲ
ȻĻҪǹŷɱǽҵһϵӣҲܻ˵ˡ
ȴĻ󣬽ƷȴǲмһЦǼ֮ɫ
΢ͷǰͼЦسһӣΪ˭㣬¹磬ֻҽҵһˣӣ
Ҳ˵˻
Щͺһûκ𡣶¹ֻǽƿصĽʮ統еһСĶѣʹδƷɷ
ҪżȻйuuҪ׵ĻҲ뱣ԼķȵĻСط
ԣǹӰ˼ˡǸһٸһǧһӣҲǲҶԼεġ
¹˲ҷ
ƷɵĻ˲ɫ
ô¹Ӹλﱻô
¾ǽҼδ˵Ȼɣ
ȴ벻ȴƷ裬µŭʱѹƲס
ҪﻹЩ˼ɽƷĽҵǿĻﻹϻǼȥϡﻩˣ
ŷεؿ˽ƷɵһۣѵСӻΪнڱţͿ޼ˣ
棡ɣ
ԶĳȻҲ֮ĶԻޱȱĵؿ˽ƷһۡҼҷһ죬һأ
мʣȴͬһСһ֪
ȵҼҷ֮һ
ǿѹǶҪðɤ۵ŭɫޱѿصƷɣ¹˵ǽҲ£ҪˣÿһǶǸ˼ӴĴۣ
Ҫ˵¹ǽҲֻһֽ׶ѣ¹ǽҽĹ
Ƿǳǿġ֮£ҲֻɫޱѿѣжûдֻûٳƺӣֱȷһˡҲƹ¹ôƶˡ
ƷɽҲ֪ʲôʧķ裬ǽӶ̫ˣʵˬ
ֻǹûһվԼߣԹޱȷŭ
ǶԼĽҵǿǳţΪһٸӣҲҶԼô
ٻֶУ֮Ѿð˶ĻۿҪ̲ס˵ӣȴȻǸмӼЦģһ˿η͹Ƕû¶
֪ģΪʶǿأԳƵ̩ɽѹ治ɫˣһֵķ緶
ʵȴɵ˼ҡ
ЦЦǿЦ
ƷǵĲмЦǿң˰ȻͼصףÿǰǵۣΪᱻǽҷ
Ҫǿ廹һҲзչռĻΪǽһ㣿
˵ţ͵һ֣Ҳܹٶ˵ȵ壬ҽ͸㣡ˣǱҪɱˣ㵨׺
ʱЦĪζЦô˵ǾһҪɱˣ
ĪζĻƷ͵ؾһͻ
˵ǰΪӣɫ߳ȵģѵ㻹ҺҶŸɲɣ
ߺߣû㣬ˣûǸʵܹңֻҪӻȥˣ¹͵ʧɣ
ƷɵҲɵ˼ң͵ʶǰľƻԼ̫Ͱ˽ҡ
ɣȻã


506 ɱ
Ʒ⻰ϵķŭɢȥ
ΪѾô˵ҲýƷ¹磡
ֻӽƷɸոյһﵱУ֪˽ƷѾԼԼ¹Ǻˡ
ȻҲ׽ƷΪλǺԼΪԼûһվǱߣ
ƷȻֻǽҵĴӣҪ¹磬治ʲô£
Ҳԣ¹磬ֻǽҽϽĽʮ統һСİˣǿп޵ģ
ˣƷɸǺϵĽֻл
Ȼˣǻ糹׵ϵأƷɻɱˣֻҪϢúãһʱὭҲ뷢ֽƷɵ
ʱ䣬Ѿ㹻¹ӦĶˡ߻ٵһԺͽҽ翹Ҫ֮ľˡ
ڣϹϵܽڴ˴˵
뵽˴̲סͷ˹ŷһۣǺɡ
Ҫ˵չϵܵӣӦòôöְѵ˵
뵽ǹԼˮģ
ʵԩŷˡŷǣҲܻ뵽Ʒڼ¹ıɡʶƷ˭
ڹ֮û֣档
һڹϣ˽˽
ƷֻһضƸȻӦԡ
ȻӦԣҲֻǿƷĸڷŹŷѹû
ʵڶ֮ǰŷѾǵ˷顣
ѾȷģֻнƷɺͽ˶ѣǲûڡ
Χˣ¹߻ǻӣûֳҲûпƷɶ˵ģ
ΪƷɵϢû˿ӰأԸúԶܸӦϢ߽ĩڱԴǿߵϢȻ˭ڽӽˡҪ֪൱¹Ϊ˰
ԣû˭˽Ʒɶ˵ĳ࣬ɱҲɱˣϢȥ
ڹ巽棬ŷʵҲȷССһ¡
ֻҪԼƷɺͽɱڴˣôһᱣܣ
ΪһȥǽƷʹ¹޹أ˱Ͼ¹ġЩ²ΪϵӣһŹ¹ġ
ܵ˵ϣ¹ضԼվͬһ棡
˵õȷǱһ㣬ǣҪԼŹƷɶˣ򲻿ܵģ
ˣӱ¹ǣ
ֻҪ¹ôƷ鱨ϵͳγɫҲ޷ڶʱڷֵ˵ġ
ͺñϹϹ壬ŷԴ磬ɱĵһĵӱҲһߴ磿
ⶼһˣȻûв̽ԼͷҲ˵ߴǿǿ󣬵ûǿ֪ĵزҲ֮ǰܡ
ԣҲ˵ֻҪϢúãôܳһʱڶǲκΣյġ
ʱ䣬Ҳ˵ܹҰֻطչʲôزҲ˵Լǿʲô̶ȡǣʱĻҰֻزģŷ廹Ǹĵģ
ȻŷôûͷԵһԺɱˣ
ðɣһ򲽽
ԼŹǣǽŹԼ
ֻǰǰɵģ붼ܣ
ðɣһ򲽽
ղ磬˫ͻûʼʱͳ⣬˫Ҳȥˡ
ǣƷºŹҰֻأŹԼŹ
ȻǷ񶨵ġңȥ󣬴ʱ¡
Ұֻرؽ군
ɱҲǱƷɴˡɱˣȴнڲֵĿܣȥѡˣ
ˣһȨ⣬˽ǱɱҪɱ
ȻǻҰֻصĩգ
ز˵ôʲôѵ¹绹ǽԣ
˳ٳٲ˵ֻôĮؿԼƷЩˡ
Ȼ뵽Լ뿪ʱƺûֻ֪Ǵ˽뿪
ϾԼΪ߽ĩڣ˶ԼİȫҲġټԼļ֣м廤ӰԼ岢ûɸֱҲû֪Լ
Ҳ˵죬Լˣһʱ֪
ֵҲû̫ࡣΪԼʵǷġ
֮ǰ˵һҲûдţˣȷռ˾ԵƣΪҲ˿Լ
ǲҪˣȴһߣңΪýҽĴӣû㱣⣿
ûоԵԱĻķ
ߣֻҪ뿪˴˴¹磬Сӣų֮ܵɣ
ǸŮӡ
ٺٺٺ١
뵽Ʒĵ׾һ˻ĺٺЦġ
ǺǺǣӣ˰ңҲҵĵ⡣
ʱѾֱ˽Ʒɣ˼ȻǷǳԡ
ʵҲǲܵ⡭
ƷһתȻת˻˵
ԹļʶƷּ桯ɵĹӣȻһ۾ܿ뷨
οƷתø˷Ƶģһûɶ˼
һЦͲмص⣿ҿʱȥȻȥȱɣӰӣ벻үүһӢȴôһӣò˵һֱ
ȻѾҲûκתأǹȻٶԽƷȥʲôˡ
˵ĻֱӾͽнƷ˲ͱѿޱ
ûй뽭ƷɳƤˣתͷͿЦصϵܣվͬһսˣ
Ц˼ŷȻá
˵ʵŷﻹЩǸεġϾô˵ԼҲ
ǷǳϿҵصǸ磬ȷҲˡ
Ͱ˰֣ЦҲ˻ȥЦϵܣ۸˵Щϵܵ飬Ϲ飡ֻҿ޷ܰˣ
̸֮ŷѾµ֮ĹϵӵĽңӦþǹĺ̨ˡ
ʱĻҲӿ϶һ㣬ŷȴҡҡͷϿҵЦô˵ɾͼˡѵǽύǿڶԷ԰Լٵķ𣿡
ԣԣԣϸˣ
ʱһЦͷ˵ĵףȴ̲סһ˿ϲů⡣
Ϊӹŷ仰ϣԼɴϣ
Ǻǣ磬ǻȰѴ˽˵ɣҹζࡣ
ŷĿȻ䣬ɫһ࣬һ̵ĽƷȻ˵
ԣȽ˵ҹζࡣ
ԣҲĿת˽Ʒɣ˸״ڹŷǰֵɱ⡣
ֻȲŽƷɶԼ¹裬ùԽƷɳɱ
ڸϵվһҲǵ˷أԣ⽭ƷɣǱ


507 ɿػϣ
ৡ
Ļһ䣬һԵҫԼ߽׳ڱԴߣͷ׷׳һۣ򽭺Ʒɱȥ
ǵΪȻƷɣֹܣǿġ
ȻǰǽƷɲҩȻʹзƴߡ
Ҳûֿԡڻû򣬾ͷüǱҩʹеƣƷҲûֹԡ
ֻҪ͹ŷ˽״̬ʱ򣬽Ʒӿɾˡ
Ȼҫ߽ױԴɱƷֻɫһݣȴûпͷҩһȫʩŶ𵶣£âֱֱӭȥ
ʱĻţżߣо似Ƿǳ߶˵ģһʩչȫʵֱư˽ĩڱԴǿߣ
Ǳͨİ˽ױԴǿҲǲضã
ʵνǿ
ԣֻױԴΪҫԼȻӭâǻûеֵ½Ʒȫһʵֻз׷ܡ
ߣǲҪɱ
˷׷׶ƷɾǿһЦϾǲм
˵ŻϵĶȴ˿֣ͣͣͲҫκһ㴭ϢĻᡣ
ҲɵӣȻЩ˴ãֻҪ˵ʹңٺóûӳ
ϾԱ߻һΪԼȵĹء˵ƷҲŹȲԼô˵˼ҲôĴˣضЩԼ֪ĵƵġ
﷭ǿɾͲˡ
ڹŷ壬Ǹûб
ǿʵýƷһѣΪŷǿҲǿԼԿĵز
ЮԼҲûǸͣ
ԣڶֹҫһ֮ʣƷڳ׼ᣬԥؾʹһ϶
ʵԱ߻һ϶ɹߵģֻǿ϶֮ȴǹأûжܹڹİ¶ʱͻơ
ѡյصȻǹŷˡ
͹ŷ壬ֻҪ˼άģȥѡһͻơ
ƷɵĶر˼롣
ֻ߽ױԴ΢¶һ˿֮⣬ǹ壬ҫԶսĳɣ϶ֳһ˿΢Ц
߽ױԴǹĸڹŷ¼ȻҲ֪ġֻԹŷ˽Ⲣҫǰ̣ټ⽭ƷʵǿޱȣҲǺġ
ҪýƷɸˣǲԼˣ¹磬Ŵʧһʧó׵֡
ԽҵֶΣ¹¾һգҲǸɲģ
žԽԽĹŷ壬Ʒ۵׵ĺٲΣҲֳһ˿ѪЦ
ɱ㣬ǸŮ˾ҽƷɵŮˡôģôŮˣôһСӿӵеģ
ƷЦֹгȻ۳ޱȵֻǳ̺ӴѹȸУȻȻ൱һͨ˽ĩڱԴߵȫһ
Ҫŷһɱ
Сӣȥɣ
ƷһѪعЦɫŭһȻɵĹ˲նŷ塣
ΨһܲˬоܹǣۿԼĹˣɹŷ̬ȴûκλ֮ɫֻһ㣬ýƷٴδðλ
Ȼùŷ˾̫죬뷨ҲֻһԼʵɲΪֻƾǰΪֻССĽڵСӣֵܵסԼȫһ
ŽƷɵĹɱŷصҲװġ
ܹоóֻ׳ȵİεâ̺Ӵ
˵ػЩ󣬵һƵľ޷壬ȴǲڻ£
⣬ǰ˽ĩڱԴǿߵ
Ȼǿ
ŷ𾪣Ҳò˵ƷɵΪֹǿˣ
ԣŷ岻òóСӦԡ
ҩķڿ϶ǲˣżԴ׵ķֵܹҲֻǻ˲ѡ
ֻԼȴȣǵˣԼҲضܵصˡ
˵ʱ㹻ӦķӦԷֹƷɵˣԼȡļԵЩòʧˡ
ֿҹŷɲɣ
ϣŷҲûзʩžŽױԴ׵ַĴ㡣ֻȴǱ׼ӭԹԿ
ԼĩڵʱҩԸа˼Դͷһǿ󹥻ʱĹŷ幥㿰һ˽׳ڱԴǿߵȫһˡ
ΪǿԽһȼһСȼ乥ǿȣŷȻ޷ƣǱȲϽƷɵǹҲ϶˶ٵġ
ȻˣоżԴֵķصֵ½ƷɵĹкѣ
һʽ
ŷҲҹɡȻһ޸ͬʱҲ˲ͽ뵽һ״̬
һһ״̬һ΢ظӦ㴫ŷͷùŷ΢΢һ
ָӦأɵﴫݹġ
ߵĵأҲֻ߽ױµߵŻ洢С߽ױϣ֮ͻֲȫѨ֮ڡкܳһʱ䣬ŷ嶼ûôעˡ
Ҫ˵ŷٿʼעҪӹŷͻƵĽױԴ߿ʼ˵
ʱŷͻƵĽڱԴΪΪ˸õȹΪһοʼ׵֮
ҲǸʱ򣬹ŷȻ֣һ˿΢СޱȵĻȻͬһԼĵڻۡҪǹŷǿ󣬻ܹӦõǵ
֮˵һδ׵磬ڵĻҲ΢΢Щӣôֱڶֻ൱һֻϴС
ɼС˺̶ֳȡ
ڹŷҲ;ҲֻǻὫ뵽Уо˺һʱ䶼ûʲôչ֮Ҳʱһߡ
׼ȵʲôʱпˣٺúȥоһ
ɽȴˣһֱûκζĻȻǷһ˿΢ĸӦͺڸԼһϢ
ںϣ
ԣںϣ
ԼںϣԼһ״̬ںϣ
һùŷ죬Ҫ֪֮ǰǸ˽ױԴɱսҲͬʩչһûַӦô£
ѵǣԼΪͻƵмԴߵԭ
ӦˣȻ޷ͣ
ǡںϲںأ
ŷ³ֻһ˲䣬ŷ¶˾ġ
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ɵʱ˻˵Щеûģ໨˼ȥҩôʵڣ
ҫ˼ЦһᣬȻ͵ס
ģԼʲôԽԽãԽԽá
ڽƷɷ˻𣬹ŷϸûκһ˿
֮ǰɫѾƷֻ֮һˡ
ԣû˿ԥһһη˫Сأҩռȴֱ߲ʱԴʯ
һ״̬ҲǿάֵġȻĻǲûָƽ״̬һֱ۷״̬ˣ
Ȼǲܵġ
һҲͬҪıԴ֮άֲŹңάһҪķѵľҲͨ״̬µļʮҡҪһֻάָӣʮӾͻᾫѷˡ
ڹŷ˵ⲻǺܴάָһһҹǺģ
ȻΪƷҩʦľԱΪҩ츳ǳصģ
ɱˣŷҩ츳ԶԶ֮ϣ
뵱ŷɲΪûκͻ֮ƾҩľǿʲŵͨ飬Ӷ˽ɾ͵ģ
ԼĻûκЧԷһ˿û𣬽ƷɾͲһݡ
ǰƣԼǾ޿ټһֹˡԼƾŷҲһҪҩܡ
ȻԼ
棬Ȼű洢ġ
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ҪָĻǿɾǧˡ
صĹͷ֪ԼΪĶƻ𣬽ƷҲǹ˲ôˡ
˻޸Լ˿ɾɶûˡ
һݣҲûʱȥԥƷһȻԵĶԼһ֣óһҩﶪȥ
һϵеĶƺܿ죬ʵҲҪһҡһ룬ڹŷ˵Թ
ԣûκģһֵİһʽӲغ֮ϡ
ը󣬱һ죬һأȫѣǶ϶˺üơ
ȻòأϾղŵַ˾󲿷ֹɾôˣûиʮ꣬ϡƷƷ޸ĻǾû޸Ŀܵġ
ƷɵĿѾﵽˡ
ȥɣ
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˽׵ŽףȻֻԽһף֮Ĳȴ
٣Ŀǰ˵ŷ޷ټԸղ־ѹƵķʽˣ
쵰ȥɣ
ԼΪҲˣҽʵޱȱ֮£Ʒǳ׵ķˡ
һ˻ŷɱ˹ȥ


512 ҩҲ
ʵԭлĽƷɲνǿŷɫҲ
ȻˣŷȴûҲŭһϵİһʽֱӭ˽ƷɵĹ
ʵǹŷ岻˱ܣϾǿŽ׳ڱԴĹɲġʱȴӭжϣһԼ˱ܣ¶˿յĻǽƷɾͻˡ
ȻҲɫصĻһۣ󲻸һԹս׷Χȥ
ǰﲻ϶æҲǿԽƷ·ġ
ΧңǶȥɣ
ʵǷ֮µĽƷɹһЦеȻͣŷ壬ֺͽȴûá
һתۻıԴ֮۳һֻƣͳŹķһģֻƾֱֱ˹ȥ
پҫˣƷ̧ȶͬʱһɨһâҲ˳ȥǽһ硣
ͬʱӦˣȴ˸С
ϾڵĽƷɾ൱һŽ׳ڱԴǿߣǾŽ׳ڱԴǿߵһҲǳԲˣߡ
϶ǲеˣ֮£ҫֻзųڹǸûǸʩչ
ǵҲͲǹΪڵĹԽƷûκһвڳˣҲֻйŷĹž߱൱
ǵҪɧź͵ֵֻҪƷɵĹҪĿĲǣǾͻûʲôġ
䡭
ء
顭

ֻһغϽսУܿ˽ĩŽ׳ڱԴ֮Ĳൽж
ԭǹŷһ˾ͿѹýƷ͸Щֱӻɱ
ڣŷĵһаһʽûжԽƷκЧкܴΣա֮£ֻнһ޸İһʽҲʩչſ뽭ƷɵĹƽ
ŷĹԿȰ˽ĩˣҪ㣬ֻǽڰ˽׳ڵ˽֮䡣
ټʵҲ˵Ĺȥ߽׳ڱԴߣ˼Ĺνǿ
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⣬ӹɵģ
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Ҫ֪ղŽƷɶǵĹ˹Ҫǿһ֮⣬ҫԵֻΪͨһѡ
һȴͬʱһСͬʱһ룺ҪղǹŷĹǶԼĻԼǶѾˣ
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׼һͻ֮ʣ۽ȴƳŷǵһ˿Цʱһ͸оһɭɭĵð
ǰԼôôôͰ쵰޼ʩŴеı̬أ
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ҿӳôûпùˣ
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ԸǷѩҲԸǰ쵰
ѩǳֱӵһаԼɱˡ
ǣǰ쵰ȴ̵ĸԴʯһ㣬ľŵòأ
УľͲҪκϢʱأ
Źŷһ۵ĴУƷɵ㶵վԭأᡣ
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ƷɴһʩϣֻٴεķС
ȻǿǷȼȴǰ㣬ԷҲֻȲ̶ֳȡ
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һһ㶵ģȴ˿Ҳκο԰õæĵطΪŷʹôУ·ݽߵʵ̫̫
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˴ʱҲȫԿ϶һˡŷдͨ˽ĩڱԴ޵ˣ
ʵ˵ĻŷʱҲǺܲܵġ
;ϣһֱĶȱϡ
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ҲΪ׵֮Ĵԭɣŷֻ൱ĽĩڱԴɳ׳ڱԴȻĻͱּ𶯸Ѫˣ
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Ҳˣǰǰʮε𶯣ֱӵ¹ŷһ𣬲һһѪˡ
Ȼеȳ̶ȵˣⲻ˵ġ
ȥУԼսپˡٷøҩԼ;Գȥս
һֹ󣬸оԽصƣŷ뵽
ǿ󣬿һе塣
û֧ţǿкã
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ŷ˼ڤ룬ȴôҲ벻Լʲôûóġ
ѵԼҲ÷ҩɣ
˼ϰ죬ȴһĪչŷ岻ĵοЦ
ȵȡ
ҩ
ŷ͵ץסؼʣһ˫˫ҲԽԽ
԰ԼôͰһֹܸأ
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ҩܣ˿ԴԴṩԴ֮⣬һŷֻʹһεԡ
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ԵҪԣ˿
ڹŷȴΪ뵽ԼҩΪ½ˣֻҪ߽ױԴΪϵߣ˲ָ
ǰǰǿʵҩÿ첻ϵָˣ
ȻַҪǵˣǰһ
üǱҩ֮ԼΪضήĩҡֻҪԼҹӣ˲ָĽ׳ڣ
Ȼ½һԼ˵ƺûʲôӰ졣
֮ܶԶֻ֮Ҫеˣҵ˹࣬ԼԸȥɱôԼͿԲٵķüǱҩΪ½ˣ
¿ЩɱˣͺñǰҹӰɡˣŷɱһ򼸰ģﶼκθ
ԼɱôͻȥˣԼ⻹˺أ
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ðɣԼķˣҲɱ˹ŷ壬ԼҲһ˰
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ҸҪǣƺȻ֮ҪСһ㣬ƺֻһѡҪǣֻôһһСһ㣬ŷȴио֮Ȼ෴ġ
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ǣؼΪ£Ϊߵһַ
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򡭡
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514 Ǹӣ
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ڹŷԼôͬʱ˻ȫġʱ򣬶ĽƷȴݺԹŭ
ŷĻǼԵġ
ȻƷھİȴǲûжʧ
ŷ徹Ȼ˵ɱ㡯軰ĵķŭ˲ͱ
ͱŷƵ˾Ȼ֪ԼϣСٱŷһ˵ĵС浱Ȼˡ
ȻˣǻЩһᣡ
ǱǸŮˣҲҪһɱˣڵܿ˰ɣ
ƷѾĴ⣬ǾֵȻҲ˲ɢ
еģֻǶԹŷǺ֮ǵԹޡ
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˴ʱŷԺоŻ
ǵǲأ᲻ҡӦˣ
ŷɲ龹ȻԼϡõ֮ѾǼ䲻˼ˣȴû뵽Լڻһɲµ֮Ҳֲùŷ忪ʼԼжˡ
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ŷƬ̣ʱ¶˾ġ
ҪٸܸԼжûдǾֻн֮١ٻˣ
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ٶ룬ŷһ֣ʱһʮżǱҩСȻĿɿڴУһžﶪ˽ȥ
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ҩҩЧɢ֮ʣﴦǹŨϢ֮ͳҲ֮ǰһģһ䱡һ㣬ҩУ󲻵һ룬˻ȥ
ŷһӦҩЧȻͬ롭
ǷѨĸҩЧȷʧӰˣ
Ȳ˵ǹ֮ǲľɡ͵֮һá
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ҲȷŷԤϵǰ㣬֮ӵڳʮСʱ䣬ȻҲþһЩˡ
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Թŷ廹Ϥ֪Բӽˮķӡô϶ԭģȻ˭ԸԼΪֱֱ½ڵģ
ԣҲûҲûѯʡ뿴ŷ嵽Ҫʲô漣
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ʱƷǳʵ
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һ˵δ֪˿־ġڽƷɾָо
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ҩЧҩЧҲ϶ŷѨҩЧһ֮ͬˣ˵ˡ
Ҳ˵ԼطüǱҩκκ֢Ҳκƣ
ֻҪҩ㹻Լһֱԣ
뵽˴ŷѾ֪ʲôݴʱԼĵĸˡ

ǰɡȻŷʵ󲻳ΪǿͬʱԼ棡
֮ĳ֣ԼıԴ֮ƾǿ˺ü
֮ĳ֣ԼٷüǱҩûκƺͺ֢ңҲԼûκκ֮ǵʵ
ֻǲ̷֪ȡҩֻ֮᲻һеĸҩЧأ
ĿԵĻԼǵƾ屶
Ȼ뷨ùŷޱĶҲΪ볢һǻڣû֪ĳ̶ȡ
ɲҷãҪиһĻԼɾˣ
Ȼȷ֮ȷ֮ͬһŷҲʱһߡ
ûԱ߻һ˴ڡڵȽˣȻʱúооһ֮֮
ңҲŪŪ֮
βӡ
ܹܲԼڵıԴ֮ȫתΪأ


515 һıһľ
Ҫ˵ŷڸӦ֮ôһᣬ涼ԵΪ졣
ŷֳһԾ޸ȴһ˫ۣ°ڰ֮С
塢ҫޱȵؿһԵĽƷɶûȥһۡ
ƷأҲʵôɵ㶵ؿŹŷӰҲܡϹϹˡ
Ȼֻ۵ʱʱһ˿⣬˵ҲǱ濴ôʵ϶ʲô
˫ۣŷĿ⵭ؿŽƷɣеɢһա
ʱĽƷԼƺôĲһ
ҲֻзȡĽƷɣŻԼһһ鷳ɡ
Ҳֻ鷳˶ѡ
£ŷȻĥߴڽƷޱص鵱Уûκǰԣûκǰ࣬ͳɱ˹ȥ
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ϳһУûκ⣬д
Ʒɴ˿ڵѾƽϢһҧҲһдз˳׼ŷӲƴ
ΨһĿģϡ
ϵŷڵҩЧɢȥʱ򣬾Լˡ
뷨ûǲпġ
ʵĹŷ壬ʵֻصʱ
ͲƷκδϢĻᣬôѹ
񱩵ĹһнһУԿȾŽ׳ڱԴߵǿýƷɿ಻ԡ
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Ҳ뷨ٲ֮ء
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ǣֽҵ֮£ȻΪ֡
ȻҲٴλص֮ǰǰģֻεؿţ岻֡
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Ʒɳ׽Ъ˹״̬Ŀ־彫˰ΧУҲ룬ͳһҩ˸С
ĿϣȻȾһɫʡ
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ҪΪŻ֮Լ֮ڵĻ죬¹˭ֻδ֪
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ƷɵĹ磬ԿٶֱŷɫأһȣһʽʹһǰƣȻ
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ôõսУǹŷ״αɣ״ѪһŷˣƷһ˫Ѫ˫۲ɱøΪѪһ㡣ѪУޱȵԹ֮ɫ
ȫеĽƷûٶ˵һ仰ŷ屻ɣҲֵȥҲ˲ϣģŷɱǾݵġ
¶ĿյѾûȥںˡԼˣ̸ʲôӲأ
ȻҲ㣬ҲûиȥΧ¡ֻǶ΢ĵĿŹŷ壬ֵȴûκζ
۵ûκε֮ɫŹŷܹʤġŷѪＫ۵ġ
ٿŷ塣ȻһѪͬʱҲ˲ˣ˶ڹŷԣɾͨ˵ָһӶѡ
ûκδ󰭡
ųԼ׷ĽƷɣŷ岻ԥסΣ˲۳˰һʽҲעԱά
䡭
ٵŷһαɣƷҲٴ׷ϡ
ѭ
䡭
ۡ
ѭ˴žŸغϣڹŷ˼أ巽Щ֧ʱڽ
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ҡүүһһΪΪұ
ƷһɸӰĲţԹ޵ĿʼֱؿŹŷ壬þһ˿Ͱ͵˵
ֻһ֣ȴôҲ޷˵ˡ
𽥰ҲҲ֧Ųסղ˼£ֱֱȥ
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ͨҩŷԸ㷢ܣʼ˽Ʒɵ塣
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ۻվԶȻЩ㱵ĹˣŷͲЦЦ
漴һͳǷ˹ȥ
ڳɣڽƷɷȡҩһ̣Ѿ˹˵ߡ
ǹŷҪġҲûаգԼɵʱ򣬷еĽƷɻ᲻ûȥɡ
Ϊ⣬ŷʹгȥǱߣ
ţϵܣͣˣ
廹Щز˵
ƷɣҴӣôԼ¹ڣһǱԼֹŷɱ
˵ѳɶ֣Լɱ¹ꡣɱˣǲЩġ
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ֻҪһʱ䣬ҲͲˣ
Ծһ
Ȼ뵽԰ҵȷǲҪˣŷȴҪΪ
Ľڣ˴˵ʵٸһʱ䣬ֻǿֵز
ʱ򽭼ùŷûκΰ취ˣ
˼˴о͵¶һġ
һıһ·ľ



516 ¹룡
ŷ壬뿪˴ǶΣ
ݺ˵
ŷһ⻹ǽύ״ֱԼ֡ϵ飬ŷûж˵˵ͷ
ɣز˰ɣ
ŷͽĿת˳ɣЩεص
һսȫΪԼԭ
ҪΪԼ˳ɵĵĻҲнƷˡ
ŷҲں£ҪԼղٶԥһĻ³ɾͲ֪ƷɴĶȥˡ
ԣڳɣŷĵ׻ǺǸεġ
ֻһ뵽Щŷʹͷۡ
ϵҪզأ
ˣֻһһˡ
ŷĵε뵽
ˡ
ʱһ죬ҡҡף촽΢΢˵
ǾͺǾͺá
ŷ͵һҪǳִҪߣƺԼҲûʲôȥ
ŷ飬ĵ׾һϲ
ţںԼ
Ų֪ЩʲôˣЦЦ˵վһ𣬻Ƶ赺ϵɰˡ
Ȼ֪ŷӣǸӵɰ˶м˲檵ģ
Բûоùŷλġ
磬߰ɡ
Խõʣ˵û˭ֻ֪﷢˴ս֪սĶ˭
ΪԷһǾȥĺá
ãҫ˾ͽһкۼˣŷˣ
͵˵ͷȻҫ˷Ըһһȣ¹ȥ
ҫȻκ飬Ͽʼж
ս󣬽Ʒɺͽ˵Ϣ϶һЩģҪһЩķܹ׽Ĩ
¹磬Ϊһǿ磬ǸۡȻޱȺΰ׳۵ġ
⸮ۡͽڵŷɡѦµһĵطĺȺɽСֻһ˲ҷ̫ߣԹŷҲûзۡĴڡ
·ȥ¹ȣٿԼ˺üµɽŷУ΢΢תͷȥɵĿҲÿ˹
ʶһЦ֪Է϶Լ뵽һȥˡ
ţŷ壬ǰ
ԹɫĹν¯ĵزֻһŷͳʶЦ飬ͲµЩ΢΢Ц
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ŷЦŵ˵ͷȻŹ壬ЩɻЦ磬ˣ
΢΢һЦҲشŷĻǶ·¹ָָԺˡ
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ԭûױԴΪǾԲ¹Ͽշеġ
йţȻû˭ء
һ͸Ӵͬһ޷һĳǱǰȻֱֱߵĽȥ
ǱǼΰ׳۵ġ滷ɽһƬΰ羰ҲǺÿ֮
ԼǻҰֻصһСͳǳһĳǱͬһׯһ㡣
ֻǱŷͲϲ
ϿոǱڲǡôĽƣڲ̻һַǳʵĸо
УŮУγһصķ羰ߡ
ܵ˵ٹŷǷǳϲֵطġ
ٶԡ
Ǻܴڣݻ͸¶ųȡֻһ㿴ܿ˵ԸΡ

һɨŮǱæ񣬹е
˵ͷҲûǣߵλǰȴһָλǳ˵ŷ壬Ƕ
ŷûκ⣬ȴҡҡͷЦ磬λɲ
ЦЦͷҲǿȻҲȥλǼ˱λ£Ů˲󣬱ӻ֣Ůȫˡ
Ůº󣬹ȴûż˵ǳţƺ˼Ŵǡ
ŷҲ꣬΢ЦŶ豭еȴ˵
ʵ𿴹ŷ˳ȣʵﻹЩġ
ΪѾ彫ҪԼ˵ʲôˡҲˣ̲ס
Ƭ̺󣬹ƺ˼·һĹŷ壬ͲһҡͷһЦҲӦҪ˵ʲôˡҲԣĴôܻ벻أ
ŷͻ˲豭Ҳûϣ̹ȻͷǵġֻĿǺˣ
ԾǿЦһ̾⻹ʲôǲǵأɱ˽ƷɣѾһϵƣֻ˫˫ϣĿڽҷ֮ʱеֿ֮
ⷬһ˵巴˿һ㣬ᶨص˵ʿҸ˵¼䣬Ტ۵ţδֹأ
ԣҼţ¹죬һиõĽ
ŷ͹һЦȴһ죿磬ҿֻĽΪ¹뵽ǻҰֻأЩҲҰ
εҡҡͷ֮Ͳ˵Щ˰ɣԣΪȷֻĽڣ統УΪĸߵֻһѣʵȴǱЩ˽ĩڱԴǿҲǲضã
ʵ˭˭Ҳ
˶٣˫۷ž˵˵Ǳµһԣ죬ǰ;ңܹߵøԶ
˵Ͳٶˡ
ţŷһԼľġ
ⷬŷͲЦݡĬĬؿ˹һۣص˵ͷãȻ˿ҹŷ壬ôڿʼ¹ԱǻҰֻصˣ
ҲԲ¹ˣԻһͬʣ
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ʱһҲǳصͷ˵ɣһأ
ǾǣԺ㲻úǰôƺôƺҿɲϣǻҰֻغ֮ĸ˶תˣԲҪģ
Ȼ죬Źŷ۵׵Ц⣬ĵȴǲɵûһ˿ů
ȻǺã˵ʵֱӽ֣߳ƺҷЩŤأ
һЦĹŷļοЦ
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һֱԱߣŹŷ͹ĳɣ˿ȴ㵡
ʼôǵЩʲôɵ徹Ȼ˵Ҫ¹뵽Ұֻأɹŷ쵼ʱȴȻ˴͡


517 ϲϲɣ
¹뵽Ұֻأ
Ǿʹš
󣬻Ұֻؾһεǿˣ
⡢⡭
Ҳչ̫һɣ
ŶãһѡҰֻؾҪΪһεǿ
˵شڣŵ»ҰֻԵɺϡǹŷľǿǱչֳĿֲʵԲֽܻ飡
뵽һ˫ĿٴοŷĲӰ
Ǽɣɵȴˡ
ΪȻ뵽ŷƺŲһꡭ
һ꣬ΪĽڡ
һ꣬ʵȴ൱ڡǳһİ˽ĩڱԴǿߡ
һꡭȴӵһεǿ磡
һģֱӴ峿ĵʱ֡
ҪΪֻҪŵع滮һϵһЩĻûһ죬Ǿû취ȫġ
֮󣬹豭һڲ裬һЩɤӣ۽⿴Źŷ壬ȴȻһ⡣
һȴǾв趼һ
ţϵܣ㣬Ϊ
ͬ˹Ƶõһ˫ۣǲŵص㣬㲻Ƿô༤Ǳҩô㡭ô㡭
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ŷ΢΢һЦҲʵ˵ұ˿κθõطüǱҩ
ŷ˵ˣǱ˼Ȼ˵ֻˣƵҩûκƺ͸á
ˣҲùͳĿɿڴ
ڣҹʼǾѾ˹ŷεľš
ĽڱԴܺѹӵа˽ĩڱԴʵԼǼϵĴУз·Զò𺳳̶ȣѾ޸̷Ǳҩˡ
ԣֻһǾͻعȻٿŷҲǸӵĹһ㡣
ҵľûдôһ֣ҽ¶ߵ޷ĳ̶ȣ
Ͳɵø̾һҳص
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ãǾô˵ˣ
ŷͷȻһкһ˫˫Ŵ͹Ļȥ
ڹʱ¹Ļ͸ӦԼһͬɹġȥȻǲˡһ·ͨ衣
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˵¹뵽ҰֻأӴ¹ʵҲڣﲻ϶еġ
һŷǿֲٶȣһ˿תΪڴ
Ȳ˵ĵȷʵ֪Źŷ壬¹ؽ׳Լ޷ĵزԼҲؽ޷ĺô
⣬ӹɵģ
˦˦ͷٶ룬һʮͷֱɢ¹
⼸ʮ¹߹ܸǱ׷׻Ȼٶȣ߱ӿ

¹߸ߵ֮ϣŷ飬û˵
룬ʵڲ֪˵ʲô
ȻҲ׹ŷ뷨ֻûذ˹ŷһۣҲûд顣ظŹŷߣ֮״εƽܰ
͵ӻ磬ŷһ۾Ϳ˾վڴ͹ĻΡʱȻҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôźá
ȴƺûκڣֻؿ۹ŷ󣬱ȻЦ˳ɣɽ㣬ҵþˣ
ƺλԼûκ⣬ҲæӭȥסεС־ЦãΪһЩʣõˡ
ɽĻֻҪˣǵپãҲӦõġ
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˵꣬ųɵС֣ŹŷСԺ˹ȥ
һĻŷ㵡
ܸо֮Щ죬ôͺǡ
ôͺ̶˵ģ
飿
ŷоһȻ֮󣬳ɡΡѩ˹һĻ׷ͬӰһԺ֮г֡
ˣ˵ĻôദøõĽһأѩôܻ죬˸ĪɽԼֿ˯أ
ңѦŮ˵ʲôҪ˯
֮뿪ӻ磬ȥ¹綼õİɣ
ȻuuȥǰĿ⣬ôֻǰ⣿
죬ҪΪƷɽͻȻִ˰ţڳɻǺ͹uuһˣ
ôģȻǴˡΩùŷ岻ǣôǼ˼
ѵҪԼǲϲɣ
Ӧáǰɣ
ŷʵ⼸Ů뷨ˣҲʵʵʲôŮģ仰ĺˡ
㻹Ÿѽ
һξȻףգգ۾Źŷ庰
Ҳ΢ؿŹŷ壬ʣ֪Щʲô
εĻŷȴ΢΢һЦ
Υĳƺ
ãߣ
ҡҡͷٶЩͷ۵⡣һУ˳Ȼɣ
ŹŷϣκͳɱԹԵĿˡ
Ҳ֪ЩʲôΪֱʩųһרŷֲ˼ƿΨεؿǾЦգȥ
ԶԶأŷ͸ӦԼԺĸѦµȼŮСҲ͸ȷԼĲ²⡣
ǣһйĳЭ
ùŷ忪ʼԥԼҪҪȥ
ǰͬޱȵĶŮŷĿ⽥ᶨ
ýҪԼôѶȥ˭á
һܹ϶ˣǾǳɲҹǰȥˡˣѾ㹻
ŷ忴СԺĳʱȴǱݺݵһ
ֻԼʯϣѩޱǶĵ׵ʵ뷨
ԱߣֱѦ¡ƶ棬ùŷ循ȵǣuuȻҲС
ʱǶǴһζЦݿԼǸ˵壬ζùŷоһë
ҪûզģʽҲ̫¡һɣ
ŷؿĸǣһ󲻵þ
ðɣ֮֮Ϊ˽ƽҸզզذɣ
ǣŷ뷨ȴûгãѩһ仰ʱޱߵ֮С
ŷ壬ϲϲɣ
ŷСԺѩص
ԱߣųɵСҲ뵽Ѧ¼ŮУǾؿŹŷ壬ŷ嵽λش⡣


518 ǰ
ŸһԺţŷôһ⡣ϵ˲̡
Ҫôش𣿶ԼģԼӵĸףԼĸ
ң뿪ʱԼĶ·𱻳һ롣Ǹʱ򣬹ŷ֪Լʵϲɵġ
˵оǶԲΣϲϲϣԲΣҲԲ
ʵദһ꣬ÿ춼ĻЦǶԼճյİŷֲģôܻ᲻أ
ԣʵڰѹŷסˡ˵ʵԸȥĴһܣҲԸش⡣
ҪģرǿϣĿ⣬Լᣬȴû˿𱸵ʱ򣬹ŷ֪ôȥشˡ
ϲ
ŷһӱܣ˵ͷ̹Ȼ˵
⻰һŷؿȻϲˮȴû˵ֻٿŷĿ⣬Ҳһǰδе֮ɫ
ûذ˹ŷһۣСӣһȴҲû˵֪ﵽǸʲô뷨
һԵѦ¡ƶŮŷ̹Ȼϣ׷¶ɫٿɵĿ⣬ҲǴһ˿˿Եϲ
ߣ㵹ҲʵƤ͵Ӷ߯һ㡣
ûʲôѩĸȻǲ׷Źŷġһ䲻˵
˶٣ŷҲ𣬾ôɵɵվǶѩֻεٴοڵ˵㰡ȻϲΪβ˵أѵΪܹһֱȥɣ
Ϊ֮ǰԼҲԼĵʲô뷨
ŷ·ûпѩеĲ˫۴Ÿӵζųɣֿ˿һԵΣ̾ϢԹԵصǣҹתȥһɲǣҾ͸оҵĶ·𱻳һ롣ʱҾ֪Ұ
ʲôʱϵԼҲ֪Ͼǰˣûʲôܳϵġ
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ѩؼǵãԼ粻֮󣬳ɵش㴫ĶС
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㣬ұͬˣ
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ÿһԼҲһ£绨ĽϣͬȾ˺֬޶
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ŷĵȴһ˿˿ۡɵΪ³뿪ԼԼģȴԸɷԼİۡ
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ƺо˹ŷĵ룬δ۾գգ˼£۵һĨЦ⡣
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ȻζͬˣԼҲȷǰɵģΪһˣҪȥʲô
ֻǣŷȴģŮˣԼһҪһǻ
˭ҲԲ
ȿȡ
ȻѩؿԾеˡæԼСִӹŷгϾǵһ˹ŷǣ֣ǵŮ˵ɬɲһʱܹġ
ŷҲ˳ŷſκͳɵС֣תͷ΢Цؿѩȴ˵
Ѧ¹uuŮأҲʱΧκͳɵ֣˵ЩĻҲ֪˵ЩʲôŮһ󿩿ЦһǺÿѪˡ
ҲûбǷŹһҲǺģ޵ĳɣҪݺܶࡣ
ԼŮǷĵҸЦݣѩڷ
ȻͿŹŷ壬ȴһЩЦݣһ˿вصС壬ζ㣬㲻١ţ
ŷ岻ЩǼ⣬ĿؿŻЦеκͳɣЦˣǣѾˡ
ѩЦ
֪ŷҪô˵һ˵ĻǾһصġ
ҲٴλָЦݣͷǺãȻĻһ㣡
ŷ嵭һЦû˵
鴦ʱѾǽӽ
˿ʱѾ磬Ұֻؽ¹ҲԽԽãŷֻʱ⣬׼ȴ˵
ҲˣԼҲٿ;ˣҲûκ֣õĽ֡
ٶ룬ŷȸ˴ȥ顣תͷԼŮ˵һҪ˶Ҫμӡȥ
˵꣬շȳȥ


519 ǰ׼
´ڡ
عŷûǫãڴλȴԱ롣
λ飬ҰֻвԱȫҪμӡûְεүү̵ˡ
ʱЩ´ˣһĿɶڹŷĳϡϵĽɫ˾ǣȻ׵׷ʲô¡
뵽˴ĿתڹŷҲϡϾЦʱ¶Թŷľ壬֮ˮ಻ӿ
ܽΡλ֮ɫ˶ΪԼӣ˭ܹ
統УҲֻйŷԶѡ
£ٿŷ˵Ŀ⣬ҲΪ
ɳºƵˣĵеֻޱȵظ̾ͶԹŷ޾ĳˡ
ҰֻԱúܿ죬д󲿷ֶûӵܹڻҰֻշеʸ񣬵ƾǵĽҲûùŷ̫á
ʮӣ´ھվ˻Ұֻصˡֻۿȥˡ
ЩˣǻҰֻصвϵԱոԵְߵվڴࡣ
Ҷ𣿡
ŷ廷һɨ΢Цʵ
鱨źⲿŵļ⹤Ա֮⣬Ӧöˡ
شŷģȻǹĳ̻ˡ
ֻҪһ֪˭ˣ˭û
ŷ͵ͷŵ˶Ҫ⹤ģûҲ
ǲٶԣ·ȫԼ˵ЦټΪ˰䲼ϢһϢһϢ
˲Ŀ⣬ŷҲûӣһ㣬Щصص˵˵Ϣɡ
죬ߴĽҽ𡣲ǻ֪£˵ЩΪԺעһ½ҵ顣
˵ţͿɫɷʦڽҵ£ƹܵ鱨ΪҪСġǽһ΢С쳣Ҫ˽塣ˣǲܹһз׼
ɷʱһ˫۾еøϸһ㣬ֻһ졣Ϥ˶֪Ϊʱ
˵ͷɷҲΪصİɣڻҰ½Щ¶Ѿˡ˵ڻϤУҿԱ֤һ̵ʱڽ൱鱨ϵ
˵Щʱɷǳ˰Ȼġ
ɴ˿ԼãԼЩ£ԼԼ鱨ĵú;飬εŵġ
㣬ùŷĵ״Ϊϲ
ǸϢǣ
֪ŷԸġ
ܱŷ˵ǺϢģҹŷϻ¶һ˿ϲģϢԴңԻҰֻ˵һһǳֵף͸˵ˡ
Լӣ˿Ҳ̲סȲ˳
Ļ֪ĳЦĿŹŷǳ֮⣬˶һضŹŷ塣ŷĺϢʲô
ŷһЦһۣеһ¹ӡֱɷսХ̲סţ۵ʱ򣬲ڹЦϢǡ
ǻҰֻأڿʼһεǿˣ
εǿ磿
˾һ
˷֮ɫԼһ㣬ҲЩʧ
Ƕ֪ģҲ֪֮󣬻ҰֻرṥȥʱҰֻزһǿ
ȻǺϢǶ֪
ȵȡ
Ȼһ˾ǲ׽ʲôϢһصɴ۾㶵ؿЦĹŷ塣
ƺŷո˵ǡεǿ磿
һ̣˶Ӧ˹סĳؾʵո˵εġǿ磿⣬ô£粻ͼǿ𣿡
ǰ˵ɣˣ
Ҳǳ֮ɤŵ
˺ˡ
ŷЦѹѹ֣˶ͣ»Լʵ˵ڽ磬¹ʽǻҰֻˣ
ԣڿʼǻҰֻؾһεǿˣ
˻ɵЧ֪
Ǹȳ֮ˣ˿Ҳ̲סŴͣǲŵɫ
Ҫ˵Ұֻؼ¹磬ǻᾪȡ
¹Ұֻأ
⣬ô͵أ
ԣҰֻǱǴ󣬿ǣ¹ȴһεǿ簡
˵Ҿͱվ˰ɣǸϿ촦ҰֻصȻ׼ȥ¹磿¹Ǳ߿Ѿʼ׼أ
Ŀɿڴ޷ŵؿԼˣŷ죬Ц
Զԣ졢ȥ׼׼
ŷ⻰һ˵˲
Ǹȥ¹ôͻȻҪ뵽Ұֻ˼ˣԺﾡǻһ⣺
ҰֻأҪΪһεǿˣ
ԣï̻ϵˣ˵Щ״ϰ죬Ҳû尲Ÿ³˵涼Щˡ
ʵǹֲǣҪǣŷϢʵ̫̫һ㡣
ͬһڻҩըըһͷǵġﻹ㹻˼ȥưţ
ֱһ֮󣬸˲ЩƽɶԼղŵʧ̬Щ
˶٣ڹŷͷ֮󣬲ſʼһһذתơԼ¹ˡ
̶ֻһᣬͿտֻʣ¼ûְˡ
ƶХսˣȥȥˡ
С壬ȥǸʲô¹ô죿Ҫ𣿡
˵εүүʯ˿̲ʵ
ŷռ׼Ǹۡ羰ֿ˵ûʲô˵˵ϲĵطˡ
ľ羰µʱͨǰ㣬ʲôģ֪жڡ
סһأϲŷ˵ҪߣȻЩġ
ŷƬ̣Ұֻؽӹ¹֮󣬿϶ǲСκϵġ
٣ϲܡ
ŷȻûнӴǸʲôˡֻǸ̻ϵˣǹʥˣÿÿ̸ˡʱ¶غͼɵ֪ˡµĹ򣬾ԲڵԼԶԿΥġ
ˣһӹ¹磬ôӻ磬ˮ½磬庮ʲôģעҪġ
ڵҪҪпƣǶԺˡڻȴýӹ¹ɣ
ҡҡͷŷ΢΢ЦүүǾͷİɡȻﻷܺãǼȥǸ磬ǻ羰ʲôʮϣ
˵ţŷϾ¶һ˿صЦңҸǰŵסҸұ֤һϲϵģ
ŶȻˣȻˣ
үүүүүүεԼѩ˫һ
ŷ˵ջ󻰣Ҳ˵ǵطҪöˡ
¾ͷ׷׵ͷû˭ˡ
ŷ壬ڳԼΣһڳĻЦ΢΢ü˼˽Ҫߵ·


520 ȥ
Ҫ¹ˣôռ飬ȻҲͲȥ
ӹ¹֮󣬿϶ӭһξ޴ķչһֻҰĹģȻȻҲؽٶ伶Ҳؽࡣ
Ϊһ磬ֻҰĶԱҲһױԴ߲㹻
ּô˵ҲװļϵıԴװž߱㹻ķ͹
ģĻҲ϶ǲܵ˵ġ̫ˣپӢĳԱڻսʱҲ𲻵ʲôá
ˡ
ǽ֮ĸֻҰӵ½裬ҪĲ֧ŵġ
˵¹类ҰֻգյĿ϶ֻ͵̡ǲƲȻһԼ
㣬ŷȻ
ܵ˵¹֮¹ԭĸԼ¹άֺҪĲǻҰֻṩ
⣬һʴ޷ıԴʯ
ô౾ԴʯԼֵôĶŪأ
ѵֵüԼ׬ǮϱСҩɣ
ŷ岻Ц룬ƺֻôһ֮·ˣ
ҲЩɱټһתȻҪԼԶҩ׬Ǯ
һ룬ʵҲǻҰֻ׬ǮУǺƶǵСʵǸϻҰֻطչŲˡ
Ŷã
һѣ
ͼǿˣºƶ׬ǮǿҲǸϲ˴Ĳġ
ԣЦ֮󣬹ŷҲֻεؽԼԵʵ
ôأɣ
¸һ֮پԼˡ
ͷһֱûǹҰֻȶ֮󣬱Լȥ¡ʱˡ
ŷǹճһζĻߣԼƤԽԽˡ
ڹŷ֮ʣһֻỬϸ۵С־֮СŷһЦתͷȥȴпԼϡ
ŷֱͷһ߳ЩĽؿΣϴЩɡȻҲôǰǰ󵨡
ŷЦЦһֻ˳ɵĽС֡漴ڰѩүүһڳ۵С۵ĿУͬʱκͳɶŮСߣһһ¡оŴϲͬģһޱ˵㣬˲䱻ġ
ŷٶɺܴ󵨡αȽϷŵÿҲֻǣ֣пڹŷЩѡ
ŷСǣѪˡ
ȻӲˡŷСֱ͸оԼԴʼЩѣ
ֱƺҪɤ۱ĳˡ
ȻģһۺĵҸˡ
Լһ죬Ǻܾء
ҲԽؽСԴп˹ŷ֮ϣҸѣεĸоʱδ
ֻ룬ôһͬпֱ࣬
ʯãġ
ѩˣǿЦõؿ˵ˣεҪ˵ĻһɫȴҲο֮ɫ׷ȥ

ڸİ֮£ҰֻصȫԱ
ֻһʱѣѾȫϣֻȫתˡ
Ұֻؼ¹ϢҲѴҰֻƹܵ⼸˵˲֪˲
ҰֻصȻޱȿϲˡ⼸ԭ񣬾󲿷ֶĲᡣ
ΪǸ֪һӹԼڵ᲻ҲҰֻá
ڻҰֻͳεһΰǻҰֻԱԴͨߵ̬ȣ˵ǷǳġûΪһͳеİͨ˵¼ڡ
˵ҲҪɲٵ˰գǰȫõ˱ϣҲõӦеϡͳţһҸ
ǻҰֻȴȥ⼸ͨ˺ǣһüģ󲿷ĥţԼǲҲŻҰֻתƵ¹ȥأ
ͷֻǸո㱻Ǹˡ
ÿһ磬һתϵתƣһжҪͷʼ
˵ת͵ķãҲЩͨߣûеڷ˿Գеġ
ӻ½ĳ͹㳡УʮװģΪʮױΪվСֻһĻҰС
ҰֻȻ뿪ӻ磬ҰɻҰֻƹܵġ
ⷽˡǲܵġ
㳡ΧڰվǶŲᡣ
ǣͱҰֻصġ
Щ谵Ȼ˵ܲȴҲ⡣
ǣȴ˿ڸǲסЩǿȵġ
˵Ŀⶼǿ㳡ǰǸͦӰġǵȻȣʣǴݵ΢ЦǼؿÿһ˵С
Ƕ֪Լ˰Ȼءû⵽κ۸ضȹһ꣬ȫΪǸˡӦ˵꣡
統УûеλûϵȺ塣ĸƹܣٶ˱衣ôҲ޷ġ
ΪЩУԼЩΪûʮױ߶ǵķˣϣֻ磡
ԼŮӱʱִƵĳеʵȨ߿ˣ㲻ҲȨǧټõ
¼Ǳʱ֪أֻһЦˣƤӶգһµģ
ʹһͿԼãЩײȺ壬統εûϺ͵λˡ
ԴˣҲľȻ
ľȻΣ˼һһ仰ԼԼһҲٲ֮ء
뿪룡ǴͷãЩͨ˿֧ģ
ǣԴᵽ˼֮һжһˡ
ǶؼǵûҰֻôһ԰䲼Ѫ
緢˭СϷŮӣ͵ߣɱ⣡
ѪԭšϾǶѾϰ˱衣ҲֻΪֻǹŷ˵˵ϵĶѡ
ǣ֮󣬻ҰֻмŰ۸˼֮ͨЩ˶ʱͲôˡ
ΪǼ˵ͷ­ڳ֮ϣ
ŷվھ޴ι㳡ǰĿɨʮҰֻ£ɨ˹㳡ΧһȥǺѹѹͷڣоЩ˵Ĳ͸мһʱпĶࡣ
ӻ磬ԼȻûдãҲԼټ䡣
رСԺɵһĻĻ룬оǰܰ
էһ׼뿪ˣŷﻹôһ˿˿ġ
˵ʱܻԼִʱĸܻһ
Ȼǲܵġ
˦˦ͷЩ⣬ǰȺŷҲû˵ʲô
˶иԵ˺·;ڽӻ庮ȼ˭ִƣִƵֶЩΣȴǹŷԹܵ˵ġ
٣ϲܡ
Ҳ٣Լû롮ˡԿʵʱ򣬲ܣ


521 
ûٶ˵ʲôŷʮ͵һ֣ȵߣ
£͹Ļ
һʮ˵ĴͣǷǼ޴ġ
⻹ǹŷóҩ׼䵱ıԴʯȻͿ˻ҰֻصбԴʯųﹻ㹻Ĵͷá
˵ҪҰֻóʮ߲ʱԴʯǲܵˡ
Լҩ֮·ֵ𺽣һҪˡ
ԴˣŷΡ
ҩҲԼҩʦкܴİŷﵹҲˬ˲١
ȻֻпЦˡ

¹磬͹ĻǰĹ㳡ڡ
ԭУÿ춼ʮ̯Ĺ㳡˿վˡƣʮң产ˣ
㳡ٱӻǸ㳡˼ʮվЩˣԵΪտ
Ȼʮ򣬿ȴûӴңʮ֮⣬κڳ
ŷʽҰֻصӣȻҪضԴˡϾЩȥҪ޳֮֮⣬ĶΪҰֻصһԱ
Ҫŷһӡ
Щ̯׵ǣҲŷ뿪ʱ򣬹ȥ¹⼸ǳصĹ㳡а̯סˣҲڵһʱߡ
ٿ¹ʮˡ
󲿷϶͸¶Ųŵɫֱʱǻ޷ţ¹羹ȻҪ뵽һСʵ
ȻǶڽֱ˻Ұֻôһޱȵ˵һƷҩʦ仹󡣿ǣȴҲ޷ﵽ¹һǿĳ̶Ȱ
βԸͲţڹľǻǲΥġ
ǣʹ롣
ҽ㻹ǶɣǻҰֻֻһСˣЩǱڻֵǰͰ͵ϰɣ
վڹԵһĩڱԴΪߣ̲סʵ
ϣҲûжٿ֮ɫ
⼸ʮ¹߲Уҫǰ뽭Ʒս߽ױԴ֮⣬ϵıҲʮ˺õĶȥ
ǸΪźĻɡ
ҰֻǶ֪֪ҲЩ¶ࡣǣ֪ȴҲֻǻҰֻطչѸͣŷ壬Ҳֵܶѡ
ģ֪Ҳ˶١
ԣǲ֪ŷʵʵֻΪĩڣۺʵһ߽ڱԴߡ
߽ڱԴǿǿ˹ܹ֮⣬ڳ˶ǿ
ǣֻһ㣬¹ôܾͼ뵽Ұֻأ
۸߲ʵٰɣ֮ͨԱ֮Ĳ࣬ҲǷǳİ
ʵ޷嵽ǳʲôԭĿģôһԳƵǻľġ
˵ĻͲ΢üͷƳһۣȴЩջ
к¹Ԫˡ
ʼµʱ򻹺ãʵҲġ˵ʲôִУκγɡ
˶ǻġ
رֻķΧ£һȨƵȸѬ£ٻ˱ԭĲ䡣
˵ܹɱ˵ǣ⻰ȷǲ١
ԣʱƣģʱĳߣʼͬʼɣֱӿʼ˷
ɱǵûΪνȨƣô£¹߲в㣬ʵڹƨǣ
ȫûҪɱֱֻûһУȫǹģ
˿Լã׾޴ˡ
ֻǹȽ壬ں¹ʵʵڵˣֵĵȷȷΪ¹ķչ뽨˼һ٣ٶķΡ
⣬Ҳӵ˺˭ˣӶΪ䱾
ͱȷ˵ι뵽Ұֻصߣǰǰ˲ڶʮθֲͬ۵һΣ˵˹һ䡮ǲϺͿˡҫ߽ױԴߴŭҪɱ֮ʣ
廹ѡ˷ΡϾôĸ飬Щĸ飬廹޷׸ġ
ˣǷԵĴȴҲûٶ١
彫¹ۼڴ˴ȴҰֻؽӹܵʱĴˡ
ߣľֲԣ˵˵ǰǰ˵˶ٴˣҲӷ
廹ûһߵҫôҲѹƲסͷŭˡŭ
˵ʲôƨ£˵ֵС죿
ãʱȵ
ҫ¹һǧ֮żģԺΪСҲΪ
⻰ȴһӾͽԼͬȵλϣȫͲԼһˡʹһ㣬Ϳɼʱģױٲ͸ˡ
ҫ˲ŭͿˬˡҪǱϾͬһģҲȷԪϣÿζ峪ҫѾǼӹȥˣ
ߣǿɷʸҫĻǶ˵ĻǲԼǸʲôˣľɵܣ
ҫû˵߽ױԴ߾ûˡ
ǶˣҲԪϼͬһʱ崳µġǵݣ˿Ⱥĵ͡
ֻȨƺ͸ջ󶼿ñȽϵҲҪ壬Բû㣬һֱԹ弫ġ
ҲΪǿñȽϵΪö
ǶͬΪģҲ࣬ȴȺͻƵ߽ױԴȴһֱĩڱԴǻһֱȥһӣҲֻôΪˡ
Ƕ˵ˣͲҧء
Ҫ˵¹ڣµˣǰλˡ
Ƕ˿ɲǹ壬ȻҲͬ壬ȴǿġ
ÿÿɹľߣǶֲŵƽϢġ
ԣǶˣһֱǷǳջġɾǵݺʵջҲֻѹĵˡ
ˣұ죡
ǵһꡣ
¹ⶼҪϼ뵽Ұֻˣ߲ȴԼڸܣҪҰֻصЩ˿ˣɾĶˡ
ͬʱҲ״ζԺһ˿ɱ
⣬ǿݡⲢʹظ
ҪŭԥػֿºԴ
ɱ϶ûУ¹ô˶ꣿ
ڹҪҪʱŪߣ⵽ʱǳʲôӣ¹棬֮ʱǴ͹Ļʹһ˿
Ȼһϰٵ߲ʹâ
ÿһ߲ʹâһ͹ˡ
ԣϰٵâҲʹš
Ұֻأˣ


522 
ǰһڣһ¹硣
Ȼ׼ǺѹѹһƬҲ壬ΪҲʮױϵ¹ߺ󣬹ŷ̲סͷһ𾪡
ʮʮױΪߣ֮һǱԴߣ
⣬ǿʵ𣿣
Ȼǿ󵽺ˣ
ŷ岻о̾

״δ͹ģȻǹŷԼһи߲ˡŷֻһ֣
ŷصû˵ʲô΢΢ͷһЦӦˡ
ôǰȻǵýԼġҲΪŷĽӹһš
¹綼Ѿ׼׵ˣЩˣȫ¹İˣ
һָ¶ֱ飬ǲмʮˣתͷԹŷ˵
ãٵȻᣬȵҵȫ˵
ŷ˵ͷ˵
仰ƲûʲôϳɾĹ壬ܲŷ廰Ǳ˼
ŷ˵ҵȫ˵Ǿͱʾ¹ʮˣûбϣܣ
ùжʱһݡ֪һΣԼʮˣ½ᱻ޳࣡
Щ߲ȻҲ
ҫȻû̫ĸоȻ
ȴֱЦһҫ߽ױԴߵһڹŷ˵ôһ仰ԭʹΪƲ޹ŷ̵ס
ʱͷһǲмЦصӴΪԸô˲أǸõ㣬ʺõСУûʮҲа治֪Ƕקʲôק
⻰˵ʵЩΥˡŷʣ˷ѩ֮⣬û˭ܹȵˡ
ֻ¹Ȼ뵽Ұֻس״ȨһвͼƻԸûȥ˻ΥΥģֻž콫ŷ߲
Ȼ¹ĵλԽԽͣ
ˣԽŷԽǲˬûȥ˹ŷ֮ĺҲò˵ʱܹɱΡ
⻰˵ǵ¹ʮʮ˵ȫ
ʷ浱Ȼǲͬģһȴޱȵͬ
ŷ廰Ǳ˼ﲢϽ¹ԭĻǶǵһּӡԭͶԹŷԼССܿܿСĻҰֻس˲мǸһѻ
Ҫǲǰ㵱Źǰ˵ЩĻǽӲ
Ĺ壬ɫʱһ䣬ϾЩҲסˡ
ǰԼǰǰϣԼҲˡ
ȴ˶ǰرڹŷǰ˵Щⲻʹ޷¶ܷԼԼ
ٻע⣬˿̹Ҳڵһ¾ðɱĻ档
ȻתͷĿؿźȴ߿һ˫۾´ŹŷԼ͹ĻҰֻߣϵĲм֮ɫó
㹻ûУ
ҫٴ̲סˣ˲ŭ˿
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ǰҫڹŷ壬ûжرĸдΪֻһ츳Ŷѡ
ǣŷһδչǾ֮Լױȵı̬ǿ֮ǻɱƷɺͽǸϣŷĵλ˲Ͱθߵͬȵĳ̶ȡ
ǣĨݺ;ùŷҫеĵλҪԳ֪֮Ľ
һȻͬʱĿеλصˣŭǲŹˡ
ٵ˵һ䣬ôǽڴˣҲһҪȡ
ҫˣͬԹŷޱȳݵ߽ױԴߣͬŭա
˷׷׳ɱصźֻǱģ˿˵Ļȷԡ
ɴʱȴ·Դʺһװûǵвģһ㣬ɱĵؿŹŷ峰զ˵ˣ㻹¹磬¹
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˵ţһЦбۿŹŷ壬һﵽ˼µʵ𣿡
˵һ̾Ϳʼȫ䱸
䱸ģȻǹŷ壬Щһ˵㵣ûӦĻҰֻߡ
ʵηŷ塣˵Ǵս߽ױԴߵ¼Ҳ˵˵ģȻۿôš
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⼸ǿĩΪߣţһ˾ܽҰֻױԴΪ߶ˣ
ˣѹͲǻҰֻغ͹ŷ壬ǹ߽ױԴߡ
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ԴʺĵĺЦ˿ûȥԼǲײҪŵĹŷĵϡ
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Ӻ˵һ仰ʼһֱû˵ֻǾؿźޱ顣
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523 ѺҰ
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֮ǰŷϵν¹粻̫˳
ϾڱСӵǣȴͻȻתǷ֮Ҫ뵽ҰֻСȻ
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٣Ҫʮ˳׷С⣬һС⡣
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ŷֹ̧Ѿ˹ģںŭĿӵĻҰֻߣ׷ͣΡ
ȴޱȵı䡣ͬʱҲ֪ǷŹҲԲͬ
ݵ㳹׷ˣҲٴȥˣ
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ŷ岢û֣¶ƽͣʵȴĵ׷΢Цźʵ
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ָоҲ˵£ʲô֮ǸоԼȻ
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һᣬٴβмصҽʲô֣ҵҲ֪ԸǻҰֻأȴͬ⣡
ٲԼҰģֱӿʼй֣תԵһڸ߲㣬Լʮ˴أѵԸⱻôһζɵСӴ죿˵ȥǵ滹Ķţ
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˵Ҳ֪ŷôСд˵ΪͳɾͣǱȻӹɵġܹΪ͵λϸһ
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⸽֧Լʮˣһ⡣ЦУۺλҲǹҪҰֻصľģȻˣǻ¹ǵʵռݲһ磿
˵¹ǿ룬ֻҪͬЭڲõĽһǿԳΪһ⣬ǳ¹ǿģ
˻˵ǳ׽Ұĸ͹ˡĻȴЩĿ̼ͬɱ˵ǳջ
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ʱİ߲׷˵в˸ʼˡ
˵ǵŹ˵ЩַΪǻ޿ֵġ
ʮˣȻʣµʮ˵˽һȴ֪ǾԲôġ
˫ĻսĻʤȻ϶ǹߣ󣬹ⷽҲؽʧء
⾺ޱȼҵУ¹ʮǿšֻҪһ˿ᣬǱԥչᣡ
ʱ¹Ҳؽڣ
ԣţǾԲҶʮ˶ֵģ
ǲ²õȷûȷǲҶ֡
ǣŷȴһЦз˿˿塣
һֱûжԺ˶֣Ǹ롢ЦԼǹŷͶǿض࿪
أҲû˭»̸ʲôء
ȴ˻ᣬ׽¹ЩɺͲĵ߸ˣ
λᣬɾûֺûˡ
ȴøԼôһᣡ
Ȼˣŷôȥֹأ


524 ֻҰڣ
ǻʲôߣ
һޱȵعЦ׷ͬԼͷһʮߣһϲ
ʵЩ갵ȨƣѹͲΪ˺͹ʲôλá
Ϊ֪ǲܵ顣ʵɲԼиЩСͿġ
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⴫ͷãȻҲ滮ڣʮ˵ĴͣȻ󣬵ҲǲԳܵġ
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ǹŷ֮ǰ׼ռĽ磬磡
Ȼ˵ˣʮˣȻκγɡ
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Ȼ¹ˣĳ̶ߵһߵĲΣٲжٶ¹з֮ĵˡ
ʣµģɴ󲿷ֶвģҲֻǶԹŷ壬ԻҰֻزֻ֪ҪԼּҰֻأǶǲѡ뿪ġ
뵽˴ЩЩοˡ
ֻǣ۽Ƴŷǵһ˿ĪЦʱٿȻһ
æۿȥȴŷҲ˹ѿǣ¶һ΢Ц
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͵ؾѣҲ͵ˣΪιŷһ̵ֱڣ
ԭԭҪ˻ᣬ׽¹ķɺͲķӸ޳
ҲҪȥκͷҲȫڲʣµЩ¹ߵ£ľӢչ˼·
찡ֻһ궼ꣿ
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ܹŷǴʲôʱʼϵʲôʼȴֻģֻȳȺǣѾ㹻оԵκһִߣһͳߣ
ִߣҪʲôֻҪƿشǺʤΡ
ǾͲҪ˵ˣƿشֻӻҰֻһļٷչܿ
ԼҲӢٹһЩʱգҰֻܿԼ¹磬¹ֻʸټҰֻ
Եõ뵽ڣԹŷȫȫطˡ
źԽԽߣҰֻⷽ޲˱ɱ⡣
Ϊ뿪вΪǸղųԳŷ壬лҰֻߺ޲ýЩȫɱ
ֻǻҰֻعɭϣŷĻ˵һɱЩˣҲֻεشԭز
ǸǴؿ˹ŷۣǶȻЦ⡣
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ֻһЩ˾ȫվ˺ֻɢҵĶԼվˣôһǿߣЩƦåһ㡣
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źϵ˷ܵЦݣŷЦЦȻȺ˵ֽĿתЩûйȥʮˣصû˭Ҫȥ;ˡ
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ֻŷ˻Ǽ˲ٻԥߵĻһ뵽ŷǵΪ׷ŭһ뿪˶飬ᵽ˺Ƿ
ȻʱҲ֪˹ŷҪ޳¹粻Ա뷨ǿּĽԱͶЦˣôȥֹأ
˵ļ룬ֱǽⷽ˶ʮҡ༸Ҳټ
뿪Ľˣֿ˿ʣµȻȻصԼȴû뿪ʮˣŷͲɵ˵ͷ
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ȻĿѾﵽŷϵЦݣ˲תǱ䵽ĵĮѪ뱩塣
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ڣ
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ֻҰûٴˣΪѾԼжִ˹ŷ
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ÿһжӳʮСӳվЩСӳվľˡ
飬ͬһ㣬źǷʮˡû˿η;֣еֻѪɱ
Ȼ˫ıԴͱߵı࣬Դռ˫֮ҡǶԷȴԼⷽ߱
ȴûκһ뷨ΪֻҰÿһԱȻԼսô϶İգ
˵Ǳ֮·ֺηڵֻҰԼֻҰ֮ʱ˵Ұֻأܱס֮ǼֻҰȴûʮ֮ŵ
ԣʱ׼һ˵뽨һ֧ʱԸĲӵĻôҰֻصĲװԼЩأ
ˣûκηֻ˺ʮ˵壬ΪԼȡĴᣡ
֮ԼΪʵҲؽٴһײ㣡
ңҲǸЩһͳԼ羴ѵ
׼𣡣
ŷԴͳشٴδ˶УɱѪ֮ޱԡ
׼ˣ
ͬŭش߰
ãǾ͸ɱ
ŷޱȵı뵭Įؼһ䣺һ
ŷһ仰ȼĵ˲ͽֻҰĵĻ
ɱɱɱ
ŭ£󣬱㻯ͬʱʵһǰƣž˵Ƕʮ˳˹ȥ



525 ƣ
ֹǺǷĶʮ˾ˣǹˣԼʮͬһĿɿڴ
ǲڹŷ徹Ȼȥսʮ˵ķ񣬸ˣȻûһ˺£ûһ
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ʵиһǰѪͺԥִϽ˾ȻԤ֧ӵδ
ʱգҪǲΪһλ𶯵Ѫӣǲżˣ
ֱֱͬԼⷽϣЦǣԷ͵ƣȴôҲЦ
׼׼
д⣬һ֣ǶʮҲ˹
ֻЩ˶¹һֱĺóߣʱû˭ָͳ죬һʱ涼ԵüΪҡ
ֱֻҰǷĹֶ۳˹ȴš˵γЧĹˣЧķӰ
ΣŷǾ͹ճһ˿Ц⡣
֪Щ˲ʲôսڡǶ࣬һûΣûָӣָӣҲִܹУĶ飬ٶΣ
ŷ˿мģԸĶ飬ȻֻҰȻʤ
ⳡսֻҰҲؽʧءǣ籩꣬Էɳ
ŷ֪ԼΪɳٶȣԼҰֻصĳɳٶȣ£ֻҰЩǲ׷ϲġ
ȻˣǾֻ澶öضѪȵķʽֻҰʵˣ
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ˣпֻҰҲԼҰֻصĲǿ
ǻֿǣŷҲֻҰɱһǧ˰ٵѪսġ
ٿֻҰ
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һ㼫ϮĹ״ɫ䡣
˵۵ĹԼⷽӦöǿԵֵġǧͬʱ˭ܱ֤Լֻᱻһأ
ĹͬʱһˣΪȽǿģǾԵģ

Ҳ룬תͷʮ˱һ
ʵ̫Ӵˣûע⵽ĺСȴҲûȥʲô飬ԺվţʼЩĹ
ȫ˵ʮˣͲһ飬ǸΪսɢߡ
һΪսôֵܵסѵأ壬һֻҰأ
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͡

ֻһ𣬶ҽ
ٿǶʮˣмͺĵûʲôǰһߣȴصġ
ǧոǧ˵һǧˡ⼸ǧ˶ڶʮĻ˵ʲôǲҪˣ⻹ֻǵһ֣
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ǣŭ˼϶飬֮ȴʵй
ΪƵط֣Щ߲ͨڵһʱִЩ߲вģȼ֮⣬ûԼ
ৡ
ڶֵĹٴιһצҪ˺ЩµĶ顣
ҲǺġһȥ߸࣡ǧ
⣬ȥаǵˣһһűԷ̽ģ
ֺ֧Ϊ߲ߣгһ󿳵֮ɫص
ҲֻҰսԡ
ֻ֣ҰĹͲɢģĹ֣ǼһڡģѹͲܡ
Ҳ˵ҪһȺһȺ
սʽʤúʺϵķرڶԸûκζεĶʱֹʽȡЧ
˵Ļһѿ÷˺ڡˮؿ񶼲Լʮ򡭡Ӧʮߣһơ
ô죿ô죡
Щ˸ͲԼô죿
ΰ죿սɡ
̾˿ɫһݣݺݵصҾͲˣⷽʮˣû͵غսҾͲžǰˣܽȫɱˣ
ܲһֱùɣҪͲֿ߱ԣ
ԣ˫϶нսʱ򣬶һǸʱ򡭡ߺߣսϽͿûжô
һ˻˫۶ʱһ
ղֻǱֻҰǿֲɱŵˣһսĻֻҰƿɲûˣ
ãȻˣҲȥսˣҾͲžˣܷ죿
һͷ˱㲻ٶԣŴ󿳵㿪ʼѰĿꡣ
ŷʱվԭأɫؿŽ뼤սе˫ûκεĺͼС
ĿǰƺԼԤûҪáκ˵ıҲЩԼԤϡ
ͺñһȺһȺɱսԣȻԸˡ
Ҳһս
ڹŷЩʱ½Ȼ


526 ں֮
½ΪκһĩڱԴ
ʵҪ˵κҪԲ뵽ֻҰθжӳûκġ
ǹŷȴй涨ʲôΪֻȡʲôλá
ͱ½Ҫ뵽ֻҰֻȥӳְ
ŷҲΪֻҰ߱ġ
룬ҪֻҰߣȫΪߵߵĻЩԤӵĶԱʲôͶȥأ
ԣΪ˸õĴΪֻӳĽ׾ֻжӳֻСӳ
ͨԱǾͲˡҰֻһ׶ױԴߣȫֻҰ档
ԣҪ˵ֻҰѵģЩֻʮױΪͨԱ
Ҫ룬ҪӵֻҰָǾͱҪΪŬпܡ
ŶҲҪս
ŷתͷ½ԼǽϷ׷׶֮ԤӳԱЦЦ˵
ǵģҲսҿɲκС棬ȴֻɵۣ
½ͷһ˫ţۿ۴κһۣȻתͷ˵
һңҲҪϣ
ŷ廹û˵һȵǱߵĴɱĴڹŷ
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Ϊ̵ؼǵùŷ岻ǰ˵ôһ仰ҪӵٶǺãǾͶೢζԵԽ࣬ǾԽ죡
仰һγʵ̲סŷΪλ˿죬ŷ˵ԭ
仰Ұֻص˶֪ҰֻصˣҲȷ
ɱ
½һŭ𣬵ڽһȫһֱǸڱԴɱ˹ȥ
ǸױԴߴ˿Ҳû˶˵ѾˡԼΨһƬ
֪ԼҪͻ½˵İΧΨ̷ǱҩС
Ȳ۱½˽ƵĹûǸʱȥðɣֻ˵֮ΧǻֻҰ߰Χţ
ӣǷȡҩſԣ
һĻԼһ࣬ҲǶɱ˵汳ѡ
ǣ
ȻǷ񶨵ġ
һ֪̾ԼͶҲ϶ǲܵģҲԼܾϵĥȻˣ糬ɣ
ޱȵؾЦһ˫ۣٷٶܣȴŹĵ
ۡ
ʺѪҺ֮£Եޱ졭


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Ʋ֮ϡ
ء
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ʹҲѾȫоˡΪ£˵Ҳʮ¡֮Ȼľ
ԼȲҲҽУɹŷǹš
ֻŹŷǽһޡ
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ԣŹ򣬶Ƿ֮Ź򣬸Ͳս
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Ǹȥ֮·սҲѾ׽βЧأҲѾ㹻ҲûҪϷˣˡ
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ҲһǰһʽʩչںĿ⵱У˴ͷ롣
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ȻŸոսȴܹоı仯
ʱʲôһȵָٷüҩԸţԼΪҲһϣ
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һ𺳣һУȫˡޱᣬɾȴԾ춯صһˣ
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ڣ
ȻղŵսѾ˾ƣǴʱȴƴ̶ȵź
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ȥ𻰡ŷ廰µһɲǣ˵ģ˵ģڽʣȫվ𣬶ٶվλã֮ŷ׷̧ͷŷ壬еĿ֮ɫҪȵĽȥ
һĻŷǾͲ¶һ˿ޱЦ
ʮߣֱݺݵһѡ
⡢Щ棬ղſɡкЩ˵޷˰ôΪŷһͲ˵ԥִأ
ǺεϽļɣǺεȵľУ
ʮٴβ¶һ˿羴ȴٽֻǶڹŷ壬ǶֻҰԷĳ羴
˲ӣ׿ֲĹ̸ȼɣԵõ˵غ;
ֻҰԱö飬ŷŽĿתʮˡ
ûж˵ʲô滰ŷȻ˵ҸһᣬҪ˳ģڿ뿪ҲԲ
˶٣ֵУ䳬һ꣬ΪȴֻʮױģҲ뿪
ŷ˻˵úܿˡΪʮ˸ղŲûм뵽ĶУֳǵģŷŻ˿
ȻĻҲ϶ֱһ䡮ǻҰֻز
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ҰֻزǴãȻȥķǮȥûǱˡ
飬ȴǱȻĽ
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ֻв䳬һ꣬Ϊȴֻʮױߵϧѡûκһ㲻ͷŭ
ȴΪֻҰϣѾ֪˻ҰֻǾӢչ˼·ԭ򡣼ȻˣȻûǱˡ
ԶڹŷĻȻϧҲЩССƣҲûĸˡ
ҪֵĻҲֻܹԼǱ
£нʮ˴Ӷ鵱߳Ȼأųݵؿ˹ŷһۣޱĽؿ˿ֻҰһۣһתȻȥ
ʱ̾˿µĲ϶ⲻ˵ġ
֮ǰͻϵҲ׼һҲܿѹǵо
֪Ұֻһ޳ûôˣǱҪġ
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ٶ룬̧ߵŷߣվ̬Ҳһ̳׵˹
Լ¹
Լֻһ漣۷ǡ
˶ѣ


532 ǿ硪ҰֻأУ
ûҪ뿪𣿡
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ãȻû뿪ôӽ쿪ʼǲ¹ˣǻҰֻصˣ
ӽ쿪ʼ¹ҲΪҰ硯
ÿÿռһµĽ磬󲿷Ҫġ
ͱϹϹ磬ҵĽҽ磬ҵҽ硣
ЩǰܲҲֽзɣΪ˸õڲԱĹԼ֪ȣһ£ǿϵĽ綼ǻġ
ҲֻܿܿС޹ؽҪĽŻиʱ
ŷûн¹ΪҰ硯ҲûнΪֻؽ硯Ϊ˻Ұ½ҰƺΪֻؽ粻
Ϊ¹磬ͲǹŷĿ꣬ߴҲǹŷĿꡣ
ԹŷڽΪҰ硯ֻʱһзѡȽʵԼҰʱ򣬲ŻὫռ磬Ϊֻؽ硯ǡҰ硯
ӵһԼ磬ҲǹŷĿ꣡
ŷûΪԼĿжôʵʣжôԴ
ȻЩռ죬ΪԼУ
ȻܿܿС硢ǿ硢ߴܹƵƵռ죬ΪͲܣ
ѵҪЩ߹ǿ
Դˣŷѹû
Ұ磿
˶һȴû˵ȫŹŷ壬ȴһָʾ
أǻҰֻصķչ˼·ҲʶˡȻǻҰֻصˣȴҪ֣Ѵһ㡣
ŷݵȻؿʮˣʳָ˿˵ֻʱؼǻҰֻضѡһκΥҰֻԼĵطȥ͵նɱûʣ
һ仰ŷǴűɱȳġ
ŷĻ˶ǻһ
ɱ
죡ѵǻҰֻص֮
ʮ޲кȻҲһ˿⡣
Ͼһ㲻ãҪ˵İ
ǣ۽⿴ɼͦվǶ˵ģζûлζһµֻҰԱʱһ˿˲ɢ
ǿۼʶֻ֧˵Ķ鵽׿µ˺̶ֳȵġ
˭˵Ķ飬Ȼǽ߱Լĵ˾նɱһģ
ңֻװԼȲսʱʩչ似Լ֮ѹͲ۵ķƷҩʱʮ˾֪Ұֻصĸض
ͨԱû֧ĸߣҲԲ͵Ƕȥģ
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ԭΪԼ⻰˵϶뿪ġ
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Լ̫͹ΪֻҰԱľ޴ջ
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ôɻҰֻĸ̻ϣΪҰ䲼ǻҰֻص;
˵ţͶų̻ϵ˵ͷԼ˺˼λø˳̻ϡ
̻Ҳûж˵ʲôҲŹŷ˵ͷ󣬱ߵȺ֮ǰҲͬһޱӣǳ̻ϣ䲼Ұֻصĸ
һҰֻԱκҡݣжɢֺ֮һ֡ɱ⣡
ڶ´ִ߲죬Υߡɱ⣡
зֱѻҰֻš
ڡ

һŷ嵱£ƵܹʮɱǴССʮ
Ȼ࣬޲ˣǺѹˣʮˣҲޱȻţ©һְ䡣
統ֻҰʱֻҰԱıһģһ
һ䡮ɱ⡯һ䡮𡯣ÿһöһȻεؼԺͬʱ¶ģһԼһҪأ˿Υ
ŷڳ̻ǰ֮󣬱㻺ѵһֱսɷʥߣЦ佻̸
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ʥһ˫ۣǾ̾˵


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ʲôµģֻüǧǿֵһ۵СѣôһСɫ
ʥԳһЦȻŹŷ忪Цҵ룬ֻ¹ϵܿҰ
ŷȴһ
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ŷȴǣԼǻҰУȱһ
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ԣʥ˵Ҫ뵽ԼҰֻأȴùŷ͵뵽㡣
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ʵҰֻأһʱѪڵҰеǴʢ֮뷨
ȻҴҵ󣬵ʥȴӿعŷ־Ǳ
ڻҰǳ¹ܱߵʥһָо󣬻Ұڹŷ塢ڻҰֻصĴ£һԳΪһԱ⡢ǳԽеУ
һûĸоʥȴǳԼԤУ
ֻڵʱڲԼûдֻŵ鴦֮ŷ롣
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ٵˣԼգۣҰֻؾһ·Լ޷ĸ߶ˣ
ˣҲһĻ
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ŷ΢΢һ㶣ʥ棬Ҳû˵ʲôǰһͽʥ
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ؿʥһۣȻ͵˵ͷ΢΢һüһҡһһִ죬һҡǽң
ŷһҲûж⣬˵ͷ㲻ٶ˵
ôҪһҰУ
ȻЩ֪˹ŷôʵԭ򣬲ʵ
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¹Ұߣ󲿷ֶȥμӽеֻ߲ŻμҴǸе
岻Щε˵
ϹеȻҪҪȴûҰн֣Ҳ˵мǴ¾ֻǽһϴƷҩҲͳȥˣ
ʥԾЦһ˵˵ڻҰеɲСһƬǳֻҪиɻҰ֮󣬸ͲҪôȥĿԴ⣡
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¹ǸǱڡ
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ʱһ˫ţۣ׳ʳָָųǱеһź԰ĶԺӣ֮гޱȵϲغ
Ҫˣ
ﻹûȫأХ𡣶ֻХеĻϲ֪ⶰԺҲϲý
ʱԹζԷԼϵȻ뷴ȴ֪ԼһˣĿ϶һٺᡣ
ֶԺӶأкüٶÿҲ࣬⻹ǻѽֲҪʱ䣡
һֱκͳߴߴĹuuǴСеĻһЦҫС˵
ҰֻغֻҰʵ̫ǿˡرǹŷ壬ŶأԼһμʱ򣬻ֻһСƶˣΪҲֻס
գۼ䣬ֻգۼ䣡ȡԼϰֵ¹磬ΪһǿƶˣΪͻƵĽڣ
һֱŷԼҰֻšղһսԺԶ޷Ĩ̼䡣ڼܹûҰֻصҲúһˣȻǷǳˡ
ģǺõĺõġ
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һˣԽ޵򻨸ȥټͬΡ

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ŷ˵uuû˵㰲ŵǸСԺǱõ֮һ㲻Ļֱؽһǣ˶ʱġ
ŷ΢΢һЦҡͷˣýͨĶסԲûˡ
˵꣬ŷҲûٶ˵ֱһ֣ȳųǱڲ´ȥҲæϡ
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Ҳǽ˵ְλһѡ
¹ԭУȥɱԼȥģһԴߣʮױߡ
Уȥ߽ĩڱԴ֮⣬߽ױԴߣһΪִɽһΪ
Ƕ˹ŷȻޱȷĵģҲû룬Ǽ뵽˻ҰֻشսеУҲְλ
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ЩнǧˡʣµˣһױԴߡ
ټϻҰֻԭıԴߣĻҰֻصıԴޱȽӽ֮
ݣνǿ


535 ŷչ˼·ϣ
ļҰ磬ڷæµС
ԭֻҰԤӴ㿪ʼıҲνգʱ䲻òӳһ¡
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ԣһʱ䣬Ұֻسæµޱȵĸ߲֮⣬ͨԱǶʼ״Ϊ
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ر˻ԶĻҰֻأɸ˲
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һֱڹҰֻصжķչǱȴôҲû뵽һת۵ʱѣȻȻΪһεǿ磡
ȫǼԾҪչ̶ȣٻҪ磬ܹײ㿴Ʒǳӽÿһεһ£Ҫпܣ
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ЩãֻŻҰֻسȶ롣
һأûȥˣд󲿷ѾʼģԼǸʸˣ

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似ȵȷ棬ûлһʱ䡣
Ϊʱʵ̫һ㡣Ŷã¶ѣҰֻصıԴߣȻǱ˽ӽ
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Ʒųȥ֮󣬻Ұֻصļȳڴࡣ
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ԣٴξһһ֮󣬵ϣڹŷľӢչ˼·ϸһ
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вϸĳԱԥ̭֣


536 ŷչ˼·£
ԭΪԼھӢչ˼·ϸһվӢеľӢչ˼·Ѿܴˡ
Ͼַչ˼·統в˵ûУУҲǷëǵġ
ùû뵽ǣŷ֪֮󣬾ȻǺԥٽһ
ŷչ˼·
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ʱ˾Ŀɿڴش˵
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Ϊţӵž޴ǱԽսߣ
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ж٣¾ͼߣ˵ǰһΪ
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ޱȷҩƾŷޱȵҩ츳ʦԺÿһСƷޱѣŷȴȻҩʦƷеȡ
ңƷе۷״̬ŷţֻҪ£ԼؽﵽƷߵҩʦļ
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һ˫ĵĵ۵иˮۿҪ޳ˡ
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˵˵ţŷһص
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ڼŮݵĿºݺݵһĺ󣬹ŷЦʵ£ֻҰ齨ˣ
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ˣʮСŨ̶ȵǿ磡
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ǺãȻѾ죬ôҲʱȥҵˡ
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uuѦ漸Ůȴû˵
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ٿ⼸ߵòǵòһԵЩֻĿ⣬ȴ˵ǳ֮⣬Ҳ϶ֹ͡
˵ƤӣӵǵûУ
һСƣһ߲ջ˿ŴѾ߹ȥһԸŮߵĿ⣬Ȼڶʵ
ԣȴ̾˿εصˣⵥҪæҹʧɢ˽֮õӣҸûҶʲôǳҪҪǿⵥıʵǷ񣬹ȥѶȵأ
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˵ŻǱϵĿˮȴһֱšر߽ˣŮ϶ʱʹһ㣬ûƤӿ϶е뷨
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ڻƤӭȥʱ򣬹ӺҲ˹аԼôһͬʱҲҲؾ˹ʵ
ǷֶԷԼʻûһ㣬ֻǵƳԼһֽۣĿתмǸϡ
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Ƥԣ֪ԷӦĹˣɫҲٴһ㡣ĿȴôܿƵλŮӣÿһΣжһݾ޺;̾
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º˵ҵԼ׼ɱԼίеѪɫõ塣Ų¶ѣҵԼ鱨Ƿǳǿġ
Թŷ׼뵽Ѫɫõ嵱С
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ҽаٺӣѪɫõĸ鳤
˵ʱ֮ǰƤһֱӾͽγмĹŷ˹ȥһ˫۾ֱֱŶŮȻɫֵúзȣ۵׵̰͡ȴǳ
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ҪΪٺֻ۾ţûʲôĶԼҲܲΪԷֻǿŶŮͽԷɱĻѾһʬˡ
һǱ֮ĸʬ
ٺӱǰŮǱضģȴû뵽ȴһʶƽðٺһ̧ŷ忴ȥһӦŷΪǶʱֳһ˿мͰȻ
Ϊ˱ַȣҲõŮӵȥԹŷ˵ʲôԹŷôȻصŶѪɫõİɱŰΪƺСѪɫõ尵ɱΪҪ׳ڱԴȻ
Թŷ˵䣬ϵİȻתΪǫ͵Ц⣬תٶȣǽһ죺ǶλŮҪĻȴûơֻҪΪǱԴ߾ͶУ
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û뵽ǣκͳ˻ȴеĲһµġʱκͳϵѩɴժ˵ĻһῴŮǶһ˿м
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͵׼ŶŮȥ֮ʱһȻͣ׼ȥĽŲȴڴˡ
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ΪҲǺܸߣ߽ĩڱԴΪ
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Ǹеǡǡ෴ǣŮȻۣȴһҲԵǾģ̴档
ȻȴǺγɵģǰĹǡǳζȴҲǳջ
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ǸŮӣѪɫõ鳤Ѫõ壡
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ŷһֱؿѪõҲҹӥҹӥעӣûжĸо
ȴǲȻΪղֻǱҹӥӥһϬ˫۳һۣ͵ظоһɺֱӺð
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ٺԾ͵˵ͷŶʵأǺϻӵǵɱĿ꣬ƺһ˽ڱԴ߰ɣ
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ѵ֪Լ˵ݣⲻܣղŰٺӵĳƺҲˡ
֪Լ˵ݣ̬ȴûзʼնǵȻģѪõעˡ
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ﰵﶼҪȡԼλҲͰˣرֱһףһ׵α磬ʵҹӥ԰ٺӺܲð
Ҫ˵һ£ٻ㼥ٺӵġŷı֣Ѫõ죬ͬʱҲע⡣
Ȳ۹ŷΪǹŷֳȵȣȻһԷǳǿߡԵߣǵɱֵѡ
ֻҪ뵽ѪɫõʱգһԳΪһǳɫɱ֣
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֣ҹӥ԰ٺкɫйˣ


541 ϣ
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ʲôвҪʲô˵Ϲʲôмα
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ֺڰ׵ߵĲҪı£ðٺӳΪһȺ۵ġ֡
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ҹӥҲǴޱȱĵĿ⿴һ΢ЦİٺһۣٶԣѪõȥ
ٺ˴һɲǣԭ΢Ц˲ؿǰѪõҹӥָֻ˳̬ͬʱҲ֮ȥ
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ѪõҲûϣ˵ȷˣȴĹ涨ûױԴΪͲܼ롣
Ѫõ˵ΪҪǰɱôͱҪһĿͬΪױԴΪߣͨ顣ΪѪɫõ壬ӵͻɱĿ꣬ױԴΪϵġ
ԣûױԴΪһǺġ
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ŷ͵˵ͷûие⡣漴ʵ
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ŷ忴˿ҹӥʵ

ҹӥʱһͣٴλظޱ״̬˵
ֻǣһ˫ӥۣŹŷʱȴǶһ˿
Ȼŷ廰ܳ壬ȴܹоóΪŷһȼյĻ棬˵Ż˲ġ
ҹӥûﻹһ
ȻȻ֡ʲôҲֻҹӥԼ֪ˡ
ŷӲѪõ죬˵ʲôģȴòڴȥ
ҲΨҡҡͷȻ˼ԼѡԼкιϵ
˵ԼѪɫõ鳤ʵЩñԱԼ
ȻֺԱ⡣
¼ʵҲûʲôü¼ģҲֻǵϴ˹Ȼֱӽŷǡ
ʱ򣬴ɣŷֱӽĿͷ­Ȼͳɡ
ȻʱսҲ˲ô࣬ͷ­ϡҲв٣ֻʱֻѪɫõȥ̽̽Ŀȷˣˡ
꣬Ҳ֮Ϸš
˵ѪɫõĹǷǳɵġ
ˣЩӴ˿ѾЧʱûɣΪɲˣҪġ
Ͻʮݵ˹ŷУȻɿݵ֣û˵ԣȽѺϡ
ÿһѺΪһ߲ʱԴʯûǲ˻ġ
ŷ岢ûȥɣֱһ֣һʮĿ߲ʱԴʯͳСȻ־͵ݸϡ
ŷҲľȻóʮĿ߲ʱԴʯѪõнһ˿ȡ
Ҫ֪統Уͷһ߲ʱԴʯģƬЩΪ׵ıԴߡ
ֻӵܣŷû˿ԥġ
ѵĳӵܲɣ
Ѫõ˼ţٺؿŹŷıӰ˸Ҳ֪ĥЩʲô
ǵ뷨ŷûȤ֪ŻأֻŽЩĿȫɱٽһֵİɱ
ԣ֮󣬹ŷϡѪõ塢ҹӥ˵˵ͷȻһһֻС֣κͳɾֱ˳ȥ
һԵİٺӣŷȴ۶Ƶġ
ͷ·ûһ㡣
ŹŷŶŮСԼǰ߹ٺҧء
װҪװģҧñȴʼնº͵ǫǫӰЦ⡣
ֻȹŷߺźݺݵؿһ۹ŷıӰЦ
ģȻǰ˿ŷЦȻȹŷػȥ鳰


547 ΪǱѩޣϣ
ֻһεǿ硣
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ԣһа
統УеҰֻͨ˵ġ¹㣬ɱҲôͨˡ
񸺽࣬ҲٲĶȥ
ԣıߣͨˣڵһʱѡ뿪硣ʱû뿪ģҲʡԼãƴ׬ȡԴʯ뿪˵ء
û˻ԸһʱпĽ
Ȼ˿ڲ࣬ǳǳȴʵ١޴ޱȵĳǳأ
ЩǳضԭƹܸʵġǸʱĸ緱ޱȣκͬ׷緱̶ȵļơ
ʱҸġ
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Ȼߵķ羰ޱȴκһȥۿǵϣΡ
˵һӣʵֻԴŵĳѡ
޲ǲǰ
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ܴ󣬲ģҲúˡʱţ޷涼Щˡ
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˵ȰôأҪҲҪȥЩõطҡ
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˵ţֵʳָָΧӶЩ˽׾Žױߣصֻǣû㹻ıԴʯ뿪ڣҲþһа취ڳＯ㹻ĴͷãֻΪ˾ԼŮ뿪ɶ磡
˵ɶ磬˵һޡΪƹܸȴ綼ˡ
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ŮҪЩ̣ˡ
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ĻɫһףҲ˲Ϲŷˣæ³ӣϵķҲŻһ£վ֮¶ĵЦݵѽϸ磬ּˣ
Ϲ֪֪һʱԴʯ͵Т˼Һ͸λֵܵġ
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ӶЩûпǹ
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ˣЩһŶ׵أ
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˾һ̾ԼҲ御ˡ
ԷԸÿڿ˵һ˲䣬Էʮȫ˵
رǸ磬еĵסصǸ˹ӡ
ð֮ڷӦ˹һ˫۾ﾡɫ֮ɫһڿˮޱ˷ܵص벻쾹ȻȺ£
һ߲˷ܵشЦһ첽˹ȥ


548 ΪǱѩޣ£
ŷʱκͳɶŮҲߵߡ
ǵĿ⣬ȴû첽翴һۡΪԼ˫ۡ
ŷǿһͿϧԼ߿ˣЦִ磬㻹ǵðʮǰϳＯԴʯѪɫõ巢һ𣿡
ԭٿŷ˻ȴһ㶡ɵؿŹŷ壬ȵصСֵܣ㣬֪µģ
һ˵꣬סԼ죬ɫҲ˲԰
֪˷ǳ࣬ȴֻЩ֪ܺѡ
Լһʱɣ붼û˵˳ҪǱ֪ˣԼЩˣȫˣ
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ԣֻѣ
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ˣѾ֪ѹ˶ˡ
֮УһܹȺġ
ڣԼѪñ⣬үڿ



549 ţ񣡣ϣ
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˵᲻ᵯһүǣǿԴʱη壬֮ԡѪƴɱ
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ԴߵļޱǿġĿı죬Ǳ߶ԹŷҲ©˭
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ŷ廰һ䣬֮һٵĴ֮ǳص˲ӰѹѹһƬǽһ׳ۡ
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Ǻ棬ѾûٹˡЩûеģҪôûǳأҪôʲô¡
ԣҲûҪȥȴᣬֱԼȥұǣ
֮Źκһ
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ֻҪ֪ĶĳСӸɵˡŮġ
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˾ˣ˵˯һҹֻһڣ˶ֵˣ
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˽ױԴ
ԼƺԶԶûдﵽ־ɣ
жðôһ뷨Ҳһ˶


550 ţ񣡣У
ŷ˫ƲǷ£Ҳջءǳƺһ
֮˫֮ϵŹŷĻֶҲûгЩߣڹŷ廮Ĺ켣ͣš
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ԣֻʮ벻ʱ䣬ⳡȻ˲һ룡
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ŷľҲʮˡ˾޴ͲЩ˻ӵùԼġ
ڣֻҪâ¾ɡ

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̶̵ӣһƬڣȻǳ˹ŷ弸֮⣬κһˡ
ױԴߣҲŷرԴָһȻ˲䱻һ͸࣬òˡ
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ԣս֮ʱƬڣȴǷ·ûսһ㡣
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ԼǽֻһŷΨбһεЦ
ͻҪԼеĻҪѡʮĸĿȫ֮ҲŽֻܹǿͻƵĽĩڶѡ
⻹ǰʮĸĿ
ɴ˿ɼȷһ׵顣
ٶ룬ŷתͷһֱûк£ؿ־ضԼ磬ȻڣȥЩʣµ
˵꣬㲻Ծͳǳڷȥ


551 ţ񣡣£
ʶŷħһֲ磬Ȼޱȵؾľ
ͬŷϣֻһ·ǳصκһˣͻԥָ
˵ʶģĵȷȷûзŹκһ
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Ҳǻһ˿˷֮ɫ
뵽ȲŵǳսԼղǲ֣ùŷĵòˣŻ½ôġ
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˵ţһЦѾϵĹԥسŹŷնȥ


556 뷨ϣ
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Щ˽ױԴߣȻȫ赣Ĺŷİȫ⣡

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似֮ǰѾ䶨ֻͣļ֮ڣŷûһ˿һʱȥᣬֻ⼸ſʼġ
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Ųϵ㣬ҲˣŷٶҲӦһαһο١ȷ
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Ҫޱǿľ֧š
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ƺ磬Ҳֻµһַ֮ӣǸ֮Ϊʷǿŵķѩֿԣ
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һ룬ŷ˷ǿ֪ģΪȶ˳־ˡ
æȶ˼񣬿ʼַķܹ似ĺô


557 뷨£
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ΪŸոһ뵽ĺ״̬Ȼʱ򸺽ĹýĻᣬʼʵսĺ似еİ
һ򣬹ŷʱϲط֣֮ǰ϶Ҫܾò򵽵ĳ֮Ȼֻ˼Ƭ̣ȻʣһӾͶˡ
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ŷһ󷭽Ϊ̶ȶ𺳣ΪԼȻͬʱӵޱ˷ܡ
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˵׵ؾͽ뵽ľ״̬֮УŷȴľҲͽġ
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ʽɶԾҪߡԹŷľֻ˰СʱҶѣѾǷǳƣ
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ǸϲĵٶȣһսǺģ
ңһս֮ԼľҲܹҲ˵
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ʱ䣬Ҳַзɿš


558 Ӧеĳͷϣ
һһϵʱ䣬ڹŷҲеԼľҪＫ޵ʱ򣬲ڲش״̬֮лָ
漴ҲǸ̷һҩҩҲĴһĻ
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ٶȣǹŷԼŵһһ㶵ġ
ҪٶȥԼͻƵʮױԴߵӣƺҲԶˡ
ԵһЦŷҷЩͷĿתѾޱȣ㲵ͬһĺ˵ĸûκα顣
Щˣŷʵκͬġ
Ҫս𣿡
ŷĮص
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ڳѱȫɣ
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559 ӦеĳͷУ
ȫɣûˣǵĳˣѾȫˣ
ź̽ԴȻһЦҲñԴ֮غ
ͶޱȣñԴ֮ؼصֹĻͺΪĸ質ʹЩоɲԭһذ˿ֻŵġ
һ˴ӷ߳ٴĴΣֵȷûЩӰ֮ϵؾϲȻ֡
ٶ룬æزŹŷ˵ķȥֻۿЩجΣǲҪӴ˰ѡ
һ˴ͷҲȷûΣ֮ЩȺһ׷׳߱ܶ
ǵ飬ǲ˷ĵؿϲ
һڵϵĸͺ鱬˵ʱ৵һ²԰ͣ˽ŲԹ޵ؿţǲǰƶ֡
ЩѾº鱬˾µʲô̶ȡȻ˴˿Ӧûκսˣж˵Ŀ־壬һʱȴôҲ޷ġ
ŷ忴ǰѹѹټ˵ӰȻ֪롣
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ŷ˵ǸǾ󲿷ֶСʱǲ඼˸ɣǣҲӽ쿪ʼװʵʵ
˵ǰһУȻȥ֤ʲô
ֻеĿ־޷ţЩԭԼͬħһĸ߸ϵǿߣҲн죡
ơơ󡢴ˣ桢Ŀ𣿡
һ곤ģٶʮģΪȴ߶ǵһߣ̬ޱȹимؿŹŷ壬Ͱ͵ʵ
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˵˽ͣȴһֱǿߵ־ǿߵӵлصľԼôγɵһūԡ
ʵҲЩˣǵʼޣⱲӣʲôزǿأָܽļ˶ˣһܵκƲá
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ʱ⼸˵Ŀ޲˺鱬ϡֻҲֻǰһЩܹǶѣȻ⼸ޱԹ޵Ŀ⣬ԽǴ̵ˡ
ŷȻǲ˺ùȻĳͷȻҪĳͷǿֲЩµ
£һ֣һֶ㽫˵Ӹϵ˸ߵϿա˶Կˡ
Ͼ⼸ߣûһʮױģֻʮױΪ߲ܷСԣַֻ
Լðɡ
˵һ䣬ŷκͳɶŮĽС֣תߵԶ֮ǰǰ¡£ͶǰҲ֪˭ȹ衣
豭Ϻõİɣڱشһ㵭ĺ죬˲Ҷ㣬һɵŮ㡣
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һЦתͷɣֻ죬ȴСҸڹŷԣΪֳѪȺԹһĨ޴ɫ
Ҳִֽ䵱óһСӣ˹ŷһߡ
ŹŷƷųɺȹ裬ҲҸ΢Ц
ͬǰ뽿ޡ
ŷ壬ˣҪǴ𣿡
գõС΢Цʵ
֪ŷǸԵġ
Զڹŷ彫˽Щ˴еЩͲ⡣


560 Ӧеĳͷ£
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562 ˣ£
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565 Щ񣬶ˣ
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ȻѪɫõǰɹɱһŽ׳ڱԴߣֻͨߡ
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ٺ٩٩̸Ҳ˵ϵʵԿһ߽ױԴǿߣһεĿ꣬ȻǾŽ׳ڱԴߣֻҪǼƻ꣬Ҳǲģ
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˵ˣ;һ˺üҩֱӵҵΪӰ˽ڣ½ĩڣ
ЩҵΪҲֻǻָ㾳ضѡ
һЦЦǵĳţԣҪɱҪΪ񣬻Ѿǰ˽ĩڣǾŽױԴǿˣ
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ԽսĺôȻ˵ټϹŷõġСޱشڸǣǬǿߵıĵú;飬ֱǵΪһ·ǡ
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ԣΪ˰ȫŷץ˼Щһ
˺ЩΣȷϵȷûΣգҲԽע뵽֮󣬹ŷСؽע뵽˶Ůڡ
ʱŷҲòŵһ£ǵıԴ֮ͷʵת֮󣬹ŷһģǷ
ȻעעˣһŷҲЩ
ԼĿǰŪǻ֮
ǾֱӴ׵֮ա
ζŮȴ޷ˡǿûҩһŪã³
ˣ֮£ŷҲֻʱţһǵˣԼעһǡ
ֻԺŪ˻֮βſ֮˵ˣ


570 ı
һֻԡһ죬ɲͬͬޱ˵˲䡣
ŷ˫ۣʱѪһĻ
ֻԡſڣĸӰͦվ
Ǻ˳ĳʱմȾЩˮ飬Ϊʪ󣬶ڶŮѩľաĲ֮ϡ
ٿŮʱ̬΢ףߴɬ΢΢Щ졣Ҳ֪ǺߵģΪոԡԭ
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ŮŸԵԡ£һѩףһۺ졣
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վǶһλƱջµʥӣһλȻ
ͬǻ߳˶һ㡣˾֮顣
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κͳɽǽߵһȻ㻥С֣һ·磬ܵ˴һ¾˽ȥǾ绪ڸǡ
ŷһƽһ궯ģ΢΢һЦؿ˶Ůһۣ˫ۣʼΪ
ڴϵĶŮһճյģؿ붨еĹŷ塣
ˮᣬҪѾ붬˵ĺش

һҹ޻
ڶ峿˾ʰ׵Ȼһ·ȥ
ŷĳҲʵ֣ɽ˺˼˵ĳ棬ŷ岻òٴôһС
ʩųоżԴǿȵ֣ŶŮһ·ֱײνײ񣬷ײ
֮ģŭһŵĳ档
Ҫ˵˼Уȴδ˭ײ˵ġ
ΪҪŷֱײô˵Ҳа˽ױԴΪ
ּߣɳԽݵǿɲ֪߰أ
ˣôΨг˹ŷôһҪɫ涼׻
飬ŷһŲȥᡣȡЧҲǳĺá
һѾǰ棬йԱȻı鵱У鵭سʾԼƱʹŶŮ˽ȥ
ŷģȻõİˡ
ԼĺڣŷſԴƤɳϡ
ζŮһһ߽Źŷ¡һС֣ݸͳǰ
Ȼ󣬹ŷͶ豭һŮţһߵȴĿʼ

Сʱ֮
Һãεʦ
зʦº͵Ц̨ȫԼ󣬱ֱӽ⣺ĻҲͲ˵ˣڿʼ
˵ţͻһԱǰһѽҿŵĺ첼ȴһ似
һǹıߵ似׼Ϊǧ߲ʱԴʯ޼Ӽƣڿʼ
ֱһ鳣Ϳʼ
Ҳò˵еȷǵۺ
ŵһȻ˱ߵ似
ŷԴǺȤʱעǷѰϢ档
Ϊǣл֮ԴԴϵ룬ŷҲ֪Լǿʲô̶ȡ
Ĳ˵һŷȴܰٷ֮ٿ϶
ԼڻƣֻҪûʮױԴߣô;˿ԷֵԼϢ
ӵŵľŽױԴߣҲ޿ܣ
Ҳǹŷ޼ɵѰԭˡ
ŽױԴѰġ
ڣҲֻôǾŽױԴ߶ѡŷ尴˵ϢһӾλá
ǣùŷ˲һģȴ֣Ͳ˵ǰ㣬ֻоŽ׳ڱԴΪ
һõľŽڱԴߣǲŸոͻƵŽ׳ڱԴõӣ
ֲùŷд衣
滹ʲôıڰ
ŷһЦ˿ҲΪθΪˡ
Ȼûʩų򣬵ŷǱ̬˼ĵȴĸӦԷȻӵŻ߼
ҲһӵŻľŽڱԴߣ϶Ҳֻлİ˽ΪѪõԷֵ˵ģ
ǣΪҪһأ
ŷ岻ɻôҲ벻ΪҪݺѪõˡ
˼˴ŷѾȥ£ܰٷ֮ٵؿ϶ǸٺӣҲУ
ȻΪôƫƫҪ
Ȼ벻ףŷҲˡ
һϵеƣڲ֪£ǷޱȵӵѪõǺġ
ȴԼ⡯룡
һ飬ᳯǵĿ귢չ
𰸣ȻǷ񶨵ģ



571 û
ȻϢŷҲӵùԼġ
ٶ룬ŷʼһŮģһߵȴԼҪƷ֡
ùŷЩʧǣǳˣҵȼǼƷģȴʵЩ⡣
ҲֻôŶѡ
⼸Žҩأ
ŷһЦҪٴҩָһײ㣬ҪôҵһҲϡƷĽ
ҪôչϡƷϵĽ
һùŷһͷޱȡ
ѵԼֵȥҩ
ƣôģ
ŷȴҲʵ벻һʲô׬ȡԴʯİ취
Ψһ̾
ԼǸŶ
һƷŽױԴס
ףݼ˵һλŮԶʦһŮ˫̥Žǿίд졣
ΪҪǿһأȴΪżԴףͨŽױԴûеһ
׹ͬսôͽһӦӶʹ̶ȴǿɶõı
ʦ͵ȴǺȻһֻ̾ϧһ˫̥֧˱Դʯ֮󣬲ûаʱȡҲҲûл
ԡ
ˣ˵ˣײֿ׼۹Ϊһǧ߲ʱԴʯ޼Ӽƣڿʼ
˵꣬һ鳣׵Ҳʽʼ
ڷ׵ʱ򣬹ŷѾעˡ
Ľ֮󣬹ŷ˫һתͷκͳɶŮȥҲ׵Ľܺģˡ
ףģǾޱȣŷɣκͳϣһֺεȵľޡ
ֻǣ׵ɫŷ岻ʼɣףôоΪγɶŮһ㣿
Ȼһͨѩףһͨ죡
£ŷûκԥؾ;Ҫ
һֱŷ嶼γɶŮİȫⷢ
Ȼһ߼׷Ϊ̫͡
أûҵϲģġ
ΣףɲǶеĲ㣡
Ż֮ӳ֣ŹͬսܹΪǿķŷţֻҪΪ߽ĩڱԴΪǿߣһ£ǲʲôΣˡ
⿴Щ̫˼飬һףһףӵд˵
ڶԻ̶֮ȵΣŷԴǷǳ϶
Ȼ׸ȤĲֹŷһˡ
Ų̶̼ʮʱѣֱߵ߲ʱԴʯĸ߶ȡ
ٶȣνֲ
ŷ岢ûۣҲֱӸһļ۸ˡ
ŷ壬Ҫ𣿡
ŷעµѩĶŮȻһ֪βգλðĴ۾Цʡ
ţǵİȫа
ŷ͵˵ͷЦ
ŷ˵ŮҲͲٶˡ
£׷׿Уʱעż۸ı仯
Ȼ˵ע⣬̫౾ԴʯȥЩֵˡ
ˣڼ۸񱣳ǧ߲ʱԴʯĸ߶ȵʱʱС
ʱҲ˸߲Ὺʼ۵ʱˡ
ŷȴȥֱӴһͽľļ۸߲ʱԴʯ
򣡰˰˾źŶ򣡣ûиߵģ
ʱעȫ۸任ķŷᾹȻֱӼһһǧ߲ʱԴʯ˷ܵش
ŷ۸Ȼŵˡ
һӾͽ۸ϼһһļ۸񣬿˵ǳ۸ࡣ
ԣȫƬ֮׺ľͱŷ߼۸
ŷ壬ô죿
ǼףξָԼϵĻʵ
ףǵɳõǼͬΪżԴ
棬Ȼûĸߡ
ף͸½ɡ
ŷ룬Цŵ
ţ
ξ͵˵СԴ
һŷµ׾ŮԷԱ˹ŷҲûԣ˱Դʯ֮󣬾öŮϡ
ޱȵĻ֮ĶŮȻͬŷǰʱԱ˵
һ֮󣬲ޱȾ̾ػԵĽȥ
ˣھ߰ɡ
ɣŷҲվͶԶŮ˵
ţǸأ
κͳɲһ㶣ؿŹŷʵ
û£Ӳҵġ
ŷ嵭һЦŵ˵
ŶǾ߰ɣ
ڹŷĻŮҲѡš
£׷վڹŷߣȥ


572 ã
תۼ
ϢҲһֱڹŷεС
ȻֻǹŷϢѡѪõ˿ɲŹŷܹ
ڵ죬ҹӥǰȥ٣ܵ
⼸ŷȻǰ¶棬һֱڷڹΪȴҲʱʱ̶̿עŰٺӺˡ
˵װʶżĴȴùŷܿͲ׽һ㡣ӿ϶֮ضĳı
ùŷ϶һģһֱעŵȻͻȻǴһ
Ȼŷ޷֪ǵ˵ʲôֻӰٺӺǺȻһɱ֪ǿ϶ĳֹʶ
ԴˣŷֻЦ
¹ŷҲûѪõ˵Ȳ˵ŲŰɣֻ˵ԼȻǵĴܸӦõһ㣬Ǿ;ԻΪԼԴˮ
ϣжˣ
ȻѪõĴʹ˹ŷСŷȴ׼ûж˵վγɶŮѪõ巿ȥ
Ѫõķ䣬ҹӥ֮⣬ϰٺҲȻ
ŷѪõʵҹӥ鳤ѾϢĿѾ͹ĻȤ׼𣿡
ŷ嵱Ȼ֪Ѫõʵʲô΢΢һЦͷ׼ˡ
Ѫõ͸˵һЦȻУھͶ
˵꣬Ŵ͹Ļȥ
ΪʱҹӥѾ˵Ѿ뿪ˡ
һһ·У͹ĻҹӥȻȴڴˣ˵͹ĻھͶ㹻ıԴʯѭ͵꣬âһ˾ʧԭء

һΪӣܿܿС硣
ʵ뵱ˮ½൱ǿֻһױԴ߶ѡ
ܣӣĽˡ
ֻǣһ͹ĵһĻʱѪõ˵
ֻ͹Ļſڣһζؿˡȴһ߽ױԴߣһλò޵ŮӣѪõһŰ˽׳ڱԴΪ
Ů˵ĵһۣѪõɫĿתһԵİٺӺˣ˵Թޡ
ʱٲԼһıĻҲ׵ôɱ֯鳤
ѪõĿⶢٺӺҲûҪװȥ׷׹һЦҲ˵Ծվ
ٺһһˣȴǹˡ
ٺӣͽ
Ѫõʱɷޱȱҧŭȵ
ҹӥϣҲ׷׳˷ŭͶĵؿŰٺӣ뽫ǧС
ٺûȥѪõĻǸ޵Ů˿һЦ˳ЦζصѪõ㣬ϣ㻹ûء
ŮĻѪõкһĨ˸к꣬׺Ҫ𣿡
ˣȻǰ׺ɱ֯鳤׺
ֻùŷɻǣǣƺǰǽã
أ㽫ҵԶԶң㽫ҵԶԶң
ѪõĻҲ֪˰׺һ񾭣֮ǰĳЦݶʱЪ˹غ
Ѫõһ̾ҵɵðѵ㿴ǴսȻΪֵǵˣֵȥ𣿡
ֵֵҰܣƾʲôǳսҪɱΪʲôΪʲô
ԣҪһҪ
׺ˮޱȷ˻š
Ѫõ岻ٴһ̾ɫ֮ɫ
뵱ǣǰҪõĽãȴΪԼɱһ֪Ļ쵰ˣõĽãȴС
ѵԼ
һΣԸңҲһҪǸ˻ɱ
ˣٿԲսʱ򣬱Ǹ쵰Ű׺ȥƣ
׺ʱЪ˹ķѪõҲ֪˵Ƕˡ
һۣص֪ǰΪΪλССأ
ѱ棬ȴȻӵž绪ζŮѪõĻ󣬾΢΢һЦΪ׺ѾҵŮˣΪҲ뽫Ѫɫõҵı¡
˵ţһ˫۾ζŮٺЦڣȴһɡŮˣѪɫõ˰ɣ
УԺͶŮˣ
˵ֱǹЦ̬Դ˷֮ɫ
Ȼû뵽ȻôλԾ춯صľɫŮӡ
ȻԸƧϲС
ǲ
ȻĻôˣ


573 ߲֣
ѪõͲٶˡ
ʱһ鶼Ѿˡ
ٺӣȻǲ֪ʲôʱ¡
Ϊ½ôҲʵΨ֮Ĺϵȴǳˡ
ͣ
𰸷ǳԣΪ½ôֱ֮Ӿͱūͣ
ֻǣˣԼ˿զ죿
һѾʮĳ棬οԷа׺ˣԼѵİٺˣ
ԼⷽģȴֻԼһ˽׳ڣҹӥ߽ףԼ
Լ׶ûеĶϣ
Ҳֻ񱳺ǸˣпŤתǰˡ
ʲôʱ
֮£Ѫõŷ崫еʵ
ĸ
ŷ΢Цشص
ǡ
˵һ㣬Ѫõɫһŷ忴ȥʱʱðһ뷨
ⶥϣѵҲǷˣ
ȻΪζʱˣװƣǸҲΪλû
Ǻǣüûµġ
ŷǺһЦҲĿЦŻѪõ壬תο
ҪΪŷº͵ĻԼԲʶ̬ĻѪõ嵱Ϊŷһġ
ŷ˻֮ȴãŷ⻰ʲô˼
аֵĻֻڹʱŶԡһλᣬԾŽױԴߵǿǿɾûߵĻˣ
ǣǡ
Ѫõ廹ʲô棬ȴȻʱˡ
ˣ˵СƺĳˡΣҲƺʲôΪ߳ĸ֣ҪǿЩְɣת䣡
ٺæָŹŷ壬Ҳ¶Щŵ˵
ԣ̬Եһ
Ŀ⽥֣صʵ˻棿
ǧȷʱҲС˵Щ֮Ѫõͬģ
Ͳٶ˵ˡ
ΪԽǸߣЩ˽ҲԽ
Խ˽ԽЩĿ֮
ԣκδӡΪٺ˵ĵĻôʹǸΪԼôһ˵ĻôһԼļգ
ȫɱ
²˳٣˵˵ôһ֮ӰһҲûóôֱƳ˸ĳ
ͷµĻƣԽѪõ˾ɱ
Ѫõ˿ȻҲչɱУҲûʱȥӰٺˣɫؾչ˷
ȴ죬ˡ
Ϊʱ򼴱˴͹ôҲضԮ

ʣ£ǳ˱ͷŭԼεһ̾
ֻǣȻʱ򣬺ȻһӴ޷ϢȻ֡
͵У֮䲻֪ʱһͦεӰȴǳǵǰηơ
Σǰΰ
ѵľȱ
͹ѪõһϲǣٿԼϤԼǸĲʱȴٴޱߵش͡
ƣ񣿣
ô
ôԼǰѵ𣿣
Ѫõͬʱðͷͫһ
ԣΪԣͲƽʱչֳĽڣ
ôԼоΪƺǸ֣
⣬ô£
֮ǰΪܣƿ˿̾һתΪǿľǿߡ
ת䣬ֻоԼԴЩתˡ
˵ˣǸκһһ֡
ǻ硣
ǺͿԴһƬʱĹѾ
ʵҲûϵŷ徹ȻͻȻѪõǰЩȻ
ԭǻûôģǵŷǿ͵Ϣһš
ʱ׺ٺ˲侪˵Ŀһͫһ
Žף⣬СӣȻһŽױԴǿߣ
⣬ôܣ
ǰٺӣһڴˣһ˫Ӷɳˡ
ģȴǳǵĺ⡣
˸ľϵģôǾŽױԴǿˣ
ҺûȥȻԼѾһʬ˰ɣ
ţٺӻ亹ֹסð˳
ȴȥƺԼֻҪһͻɵƵã
ɼαһ磬⵨С˿ɼĵز
ʱĹҲ١
ֻŷ岢ûʲôĶֻǷǳȻ̧˫֣һɺ嫵ҩ֮ڱųγһ֡
ֻǣһֵɫȴȫŵɫ
߲ʣ
Ȼһ߲֣


574 սŽףϣ
ִ߲ʲôֻҪ˶֪
ʩųֵ߲ģһǬǿߡ
Ȼŷǿǿ󣬵ҲŹŷȼǿߡ
ˡ
߼ͼֻҪôʩų֣߲ɫġ
ĻͼģǷȣҲԿʮױԴǿʩŵģ
Ҳ˵ŷ嵥ֻʩųֻ֣Ҫ㹻Ѿڲ֮أ
ײҲȷ֤ˣ߲֣ĸ׵ģ
ֻ䡯һ죬ֻƣûж߲κӰ졣
ʱ򣬹ŷҲѾԼǾ޴˫Լ̺Ŀʱޱ
ΪоŷֻǱԼһ˿ѣ
رǣǶԾ˫ϣоһļµ
һʧ֣Ҳûչ
ĿɨȫΧûκ֮һŵģҲ΢һ㡣
Ŀǰľƣúס
Էֻ߽ױԴߣһ˽ףԼ
һںͶ׳ڣ
Լⷽԭ߽ףټϰٺӺ񣬾
׺ʵѪõ൱ԼҲǰ
ԣʤģȻԼⷽ
ţһҲԽԽˡ
ڣԼֻҪרԸ㹻ˣ
ˣԼģ
ŷҲʱơ
ơҲû̫ġ
ֻҪԼһʱÿ˶ʩһ֣ôʹڲ֮أҲ赣ĶԷĹֻҪʩչԼǿĹɣ
ȻһĻҪþˡ
Դ
ǺǺǡ
Ѫõ鳤ǶжٱԴʯȫң
Ϊ˱ŷ廹תͷѪõ
ʱѪõ˲ŸոմӾ㵵ѡ
ŷĻѪõʶóһֱָӶ˹ŷ塣
ֱŷ彫ָսҩռ֮ȫѹǴ㵵ؿŹŷ壬ôʱҪԼıԴʯ
ѵЯߣԼˣ
ѪõʱЦһ룬ԼֻҪĲԼ˵ĻôԼ˱ɡ
ˣⱾԴʯиƨã
ŷҲûԣǰ߲ʱԴʯҲԴʯĵòˡ
ʵԽǿսĵҲԽǿҪҲȻԽࡣ
֮ģǱԴʯӾҵġ
ŷһѪõöֽʱȴ澹ȻŽʮ߲ʱԴʯ
ıԴʯô˵Ҳܹɱּĸˡ
ô౾Դʯŷ岻ԥ̧־ĵɳĲֱ߲֣γɶŮѪõ塢ҹӥ˱С
ŷ徹Ȼ̧־ʩųֽ߲Լ˱УѪõ޲ɫϲ
ǿ߲ǿֲģַǻĸʲô
£ûʱ룬Ѫõ˵һ֡
ͬʱһѪõӰ欣ȴѪɫذף˾ͺǴ̵õ塣
ҹӥԾնʹõľȻҲ˫ȴǱȸͷΪټץ
˿Ҳͬһ㡣ͺһֻҪ׽ӥ
ϣȴùŷ۽硣
ƽʱǴ飬ʱɢϢȴǱѪõ廹Ҫ伸֡
ǲԲ԰׷ֱƮƮ裬ȻҲޱټġ
˵ǹ˵õֹȡʱ˫ȵ·ȶ⴦һ͹
Ÿʲô
ԷѾ˹ٺӵȴվǶ㶣Ͳһŭȣȫѡ
ȻҲΪλˣֻԷķ
ϣԼҲͷޱȡ
ѵԼҲҪѧһٺӼҲʩų߲֣
гɡ
ΪһŽڱԴǿߣķȻǵͼˡ
ֻǳƬ̣¶˾ġ
ȻҲʩˣôҩЧҲǳ󡣼ȻˣԼҲʩ˱ǣȡ㽫Щ˽˵
ٶ룬Ҳһ֣ͬʱߵֶ߲߲֣׺ҲС
Լͬʩųһ
ʱɲ˿⡣
˫ȫ׼˭ʤ˭չָʵսʱˡ
ԼСģ
κͳɶŮôһ֮󣬹ŷһ׶ޱȿ͵ƣ;ֱҲѾƴɱ˹ȥ
սʼ


575 սŽףУ
⻹ǹŷʷԵǿ֡
ԣŷ岻κηɡ
ɲͬЩ֣ǿزģ˭ûƣ
ȳһֱǹŷķ
Ѫõ˽Ӵ໥ײǿҹâһɲǣŷ˲䶯ˡ
ʮĥϵĿ׶״ⳡսչ֡
ŷ˶û壬ֻһӰιŷͲ֪ʱѾԼǰ
һĻʱٴһ䡣
ߵ似
漴Ӧŷ˫̺Ӵʱǳ׵׽ŷ嵱ԼͬȼĶˡ
ΪоĹ似ȻǱߵȵģ
ңֽڱߵȵԴ֮ı۷似
ͬһֻ֮ʨԼĹŷ壬ƷԼһȣͬʩչ似ӭ˹ŷ塣
似Լ似ҲǱ۷ġ
ޱȱŷҪһ
ԣʱ˵ƶ˿ڹŷ㣬Щζ
ǣ˸ոճ嵽·еʱͫȴٴβһ
ֻղƻԲһЩԼ꣬˿̣ȴǺȻٴһ䣬ȻֱӾԽԼ
ĿһȻԭ꣬Ȼ뵽һ״̬
죡
һ
ΪһŽڱԴǿߣȻ֪һʲô
ţЩ似Լ
٣֮һԼ
⣬ʲô츳
似Ϊߵȣ
£Ȼǲܹ¾սʤŷˡ
ȻΪԼܣΪҪȹŷ峬̫̫࣬ս飬Ͳǹŷܹġ
ǣȴҲ֪ˣԼҪʤһʱ飬һҵս
Ǵˣ̫ˣѪɫõ壬ôôһأ
һ̾룬ȴҲȻˡ
ӣѪõ屾ˣ֪ǿ߰ɣ
Щʱ˫ĹҲڽӽ
Źŷǿ͵˼òмעЩһֶԱȵУԼڱԷɣ
أ
һĽײ󣬹â͵شҫֱӽƬضҫøһ㡣
ƣҵնȥ
֮Ӱͬʱ˽׾룬ٿǸոսս֮ͬһĺɫ硯˸ʶ˿һĻһ𾪵غ
ΪЩɫ硯Ǳģײھңռ䶼ЩܲסȻѷ죡
ѷ죬ֻϸСģûоŽױԴΪǾԲ֮ģ
һؽǣ⣡
ȻڼսһֱעⷽѪõԼ׺ˣһŵһ֣Ȼ龰޲զࡣ
ǺɣԼ˸ոսĵĻֻҪ߲һƣôԼûκĿܡ
Уǿһİٺӣһŵö˰ס
ڣûѹ࣬ҹӥĹ˶Щ
ٿ໥Ķ֡
ѪõսȻǰ׺ˡ
׺Ǳȴһ߽ױԴİ֣һսѪõڴúܼѡ
ҹӥҲǶս߽ױԴߣͬˡ
Ƿһ߽׳ڱԴߣκͳɶŮš
ֻǣ˶ǣŮʱȻûռϷ磬ȴҲûд·硣Ȼ֮ƽ
һĻʱ˶ɵۡ
ʵ޷ţΪѹûκսζŮȻҲ˿ͣ
˵ŷˡ
඼ϰ֮ȴһ˵ع졣
ΪԭΪһĹŷ壬ӦûǿԼġһֶԾԼô˵Ҫ˵øһ㡣
ǰ㡣
ղŹײʱȻоԷȴǳĵͣȫΪ뵱
ƺֻĩڱԴѣ
֮͵ʣҪǲֵ߲ԭɣ͸ոһԽŷʳɷĩˣ
ô£
ѵ
оһż׿鵭ȻĹŷ壬ƺ֪Щʲô
ĳطܹڶʱ֮Ϊİɣ
Ҿ˵أôһŸոһСӣôܾӵΪأ
ԭˣ
뵽ǾͲֳһ˿Ц⡣
սƺҪȥʲôˡ
Ϊطƣֲǿֲǣȴ޷̫ã


576 սŽף£
Ȼ֪˹ŷǡֽϻʱͷ
ֻҪȵܷʱһǻ׸
ߵЦŷ嵱¾е뷨
ҡͷһЦһٴγǰȥ
ȻԼʵȷǲУǲҪˣԼǸҩʦ
ƷеȴʦҩʦƵҩټǸߴƷʮƷҩЧЧҪ˵
̶ȵˣֻҪ̷һҩ˲ظˡ
϶ŷ϶̫õŷٴϮû֮ǰĽ
һЦҲͬʱԼһӭȥ
ڣԼҪģֻϵطȥˡ

ꡭꡭ
֪ս˶ٸغϣֻ֪ʱѾȥʮСʱ
ʱƣشŴһ˫۾ޱȺȻؿŹŷ壬ʮСʱ֮ǰǸ뷨Ͳ֪ʱצ۹
ŵģ˭طܹʮСʱûһȥģ
һĸԽսԽ£ԽԽо
ٿһ״̬
˼ҾǿģҲָֻܼһСʱͻΪѷ˳״̬
ǰأ
ôãҲֳֻһƣѣ
ѵӵԿȰƷҩʦľ
ҡ٣
̲סһ໰Ϊ˿̵ʵҲκδԼĵơ
ԼǾŽڱԴǿ߰Žڣ
ȴǰ֪ʲôƨطĩСӸɵֵز
״սĵУ궼δֹˡ
ȴһµСʱǿʱľ״
ٿŷ塣
ʱŷҲûкܵĶȥ
˵ϲûκ˺ۣȴ˲ơ
ȴΪս;ʱͻȻóһͼĹŷһʱ޴ӷӦ㱻ݺݵһѡ
ˣûˣǿŽĩǿߵĹȴùŷλ
̶ֳȵƣȴҲƷеȵҩ˲ָˡ
ҲҪСʱС
͵Ϯ֮ҲٲҴţֱͼĹʼս
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ԣҪ˵Ļȿʼö١
һ㣬ŷʼնûзùǱҩ
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ǹŷ壬ȴʱʱضʩųָǷˣѪõҲֻǿʼѣȴû˭ˡ
˵κͳɶŮɡ
ȻŻֱ̬֮⣬ȴΪκ
ԣڣѾ˵һ߿ʼ͸ⳡսáǵǸ֣ɻɱԼһ˵Ͻ֡
һԭƣȴΪŷһˣ˳Եת䡣
ûַ߲İ׺ǣҲʼҲʡУΪصľٺˡ
ҹӥͿٺϲˬˣôõĻᣬǻݺݵظɣ
ֻѰٺӸɵûѪǱ
һĻŷЦˡ
˶滹ڲͣŴŷĮȻصң㲻
Ҳʲô֮ˡ
ֻЩɫҲȥ¾˭ΣҪڰ׺ԼҲһɱ֯ĻҲûŪЩˡ
ˣ˭أ
٣ŷ廹δ˭Ĵȴ󱯵ģ
ˣŷԼū͡
־ŽڱԴǿߣɲôõĻġ
Ȼͬ⣬ŷҲν
ŷţԼؽӵŽױԴ£
ͺñȣ½ǰƽ
Ȼûϵŷ徹ȻͻȻðôһ仰ʱʹ˵
ҪԼ
ɫĮĹŷ壬ȴȻĬ
ûеĳЦǲмͷŭ֡
Σŷ΢΢Ц
ܹɳǿߣûĸǱˡ
ɣ֪㻹ЩԥҾ㿴ҵʵΪɡ
Ҫǿߣŷ֪һǺݵģǾ޿ܵġ
£㽫Լſ䡢Ϊչʾǰ
˵飬Ҳһ˲̡


577 Žūͣ
һһꣿ
ԼսеѪõˣ˲䶼ɵ˵һʱˡ
Ȼ֣ԭͲһ꣡
ٿʵΪ
ȻȻĩڱԴ
ȴһ겻䣬ĩڱԴΪ˸ƾУ
ڿǾ״̬ٿѾģȫռϷ磡
֮󣬹ŷ;ؿȻʲôƵãŶ˸㣬һƷеҩʦ
˵꣬ŷû˵ˡ
սǽԼ
ŷţǸˡ
ŷ˻֮ⱬըԵϢһν˵ĺݺݵһ¡
ȻһߡƷеҩʦ
ֻһ̲סһڿˮ
ǱģǱŵġ
Ѿˡ˵ǹǶޱˣ
ʣҲ˵£˵ʷĸڲӵĩڱԴΪսŽڱԴǿ߲·磬һƷеҩʦģ
Ǵ̥ͿʼҩҲûֿܰɣ
˿ûȥɹŷ˵ԼƷеҩʦǼ١
ǽʮСʱսʼˣŷ˵Ҳֻǿ϶ԼĲѣ
Ȼˣǻƨ
£û˿ԥûҪһʮ꣬ΪҲֻĩڱԴѿԵ÷ǳ˷ܺȲؾ֣Ѫģӽ󣬶
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ŷ΢΢һЦŷ塣
Ѫģӽ󣬶ŷΪˣΥ𣬲ú
˵꣬һѪʹƮɵŷǰ
ŷȻܾ΢ЦɾѪԼĶͷС
ˣ
һˣ¶ȴޱ߾ϲؽе
ΪԽߣԽ֪һŽкεȵĺô
˵ڲ֪ŷ֮ǰǰҲǷѩĻԥϷѩˡ
ȻǰʸУ
أȴһҪȷѩΪ죬Ϊųˡ
Ϊĸߣ˵һ콵Ƶϲ¡
Ϊ룬ֻҪŷ彫Щʺ츳ųȥĻ²һ죬ҪΪĸߵľŽʮױԴΪǿߣǧˣ
⣬Ʋǿţʵ
ţԺ͸Ұɡ
ŷ嵭ЦͷûΪһŽڱԴ߶¶˷֮ɫ
ǣ
æԼ𣬳ȥԼ֣Ϳ˿׺ˣʵˣЩˣҪδã
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ţŷˣ飡
Ļ䣬Ѫõ
Դӹŷ嵲ǰʼѪõһֱԴҵС
ŷǿرǸղչֵһУͬĳʵξһ㡣
ֻǻһͷ˭Ƿѩ𣿿˵ѩҲûİ
ֱ͸¶ɱĻ֮Ȼ˹
һ˵ȻҪ׺ȫɱͼˡֱŷĴŵģһ˿̵ݣĿڽ˴ˡ
ʱ׺Ҳûս׷վԭأɫЩɷ׺;
⻹սë
ǿߴ˿̶Ѿ˼ҵūˣԼ⼸ˣ
رǰٺӺ񣬴˿̸ǻ¡
ôҲû뵽龹Ȼᷢת䡣ΪӺѪõ˵ף֪Լϣ޽ӽ㣡
һ뵽˶оһֱһ̱˵ϡ
ͷ֮ϣͬϪˮʡȴ·û˿֪һ㡣
Ѫõ˿Ļ󣬹ŷֻǳ΢Цŵ˵ͷֱһָٺӺˣȻصץ
˵úƽͺƽ̸һûκβ
ǣƽһ仰ȴðٺӺ˲޵Ԩ޷
ŷ廰Ÿո£͸оԱһӰͳ˶ǰ
û˿Ҳûйදֱ˫ͬӥצ̽һѽ˵Ĳץᵽ˰֮С
Ҳƹ󣬹
Ȼ治һܹץסץġ
ץסĶˣȴûˡУֻޱߵź;֮ɫûС
ԼھһֻвСè˼ҪԼֻҪһ죡


578 񣡣ϣ
ֻͬһԼǰİٺӺ񣬹ŷûκβ
ҲûиķϻȻ˫̽Ѹײڶ֮˶˵Ѩ
߶ûкһֱȥ
ȥ֮󣬹ŷһ֣ǵҲʧǰ
Ƕ˺ȻʧȻ⣬ȴûʲô
ٽĿ⿴ŷ壬ѯ֮ɫ
ŷ֪ʲô˼Ѫõ壬û˵ֻѪõȻͨһ¹ڵϣǰصŷˣŹðɣˣ
һĻʱð׺˵
֪ԼĽ㵽жô߰ġ
Լܵвʱ򣬱˵¹ˣǾϹҲǷǳе顣
죬ȴΪԼܹôһͱСǰ
ֻһ˲䣬׺һ˫ӵоͻ顣
ŷȻû˵ѪõΪŷ岻ͬ⣬æ˵ŷˣңԸȥɱҰɣɱҰɡ
֮ᶨ̬֮Σùŷ嶼Ϊ֮ݡ
㣡
һĺֻһ欵Ӱ͵رסѪõӡ
ԥصѪõǰˮŷ庰ɱңһжҪɱǣңңҪɱɱңҪɱҽ㣡
Ѫõ屻׺һǰһ漴͵һɾΥů⡣
㡭
һôΥ֡
ůůԼȥأ
£æȵغ׺ÿÿ
ҾԲΪȥһ
˵ţ׺¶ʹڵɫޱȻں޵ص㣬ҴˣĴˣ֪ԶԶǰҵģֻ̫ڰˣ
ǽ㣬֪ˣҲٷŲҴˣҴˣ㣬ԭҺ𡭡
׺еᣬȻʪȴȻޱȻں޵ؿѪõ壬ԭ¡
ѪõԥԸԼȡԼʱ򣬰׺ףԭϣԼģʼջ޷ţ
׺һϯѪõҲӯ
ظŰ׺ǱˮմȾգͺĸڸԼĺӣǰᡣ
ãûйֹ㣬㲻Ҫˣԡ
ѪõؿŰ׺Ȼڰ׺ӡһǡ
⣬ѪŨˮ飡
˼Ѫõָ̬ƽĴ״̬ȴûдӵվ𣬿Źŷ壬˾صŷˣϣĹһѪõ嶼Ըе
׺һ˵ʲôʱȴѪõȻ֣ͽ׺˽˵
Ϊ׺Ѫõûκηһʱᣬ޷⿪ֽ
׺ڲԣ֮ܶѪõٴοŷ壬֮ɫ
عںõöˣŷһЦ
ԼĿѾﵽˡ
ǺǣѪõ鳤׺鳤Ƕ˶ɡѵôô
ŷָԼӣЦ
ùŷǣѪõͰ׺һԿŵˣǺص˵ͷùŷӶᡣ
ʵ֮󣬹ŷͲûҪ˰ٺ֮˸ɵ
ֻ׺Ѫõܲϣǹŷһǣعںá
ܹǣһ£ҲܹʹѪɫõǿ
ǣ˹ŷ۴ɱؿŰ׺˵һĻ
λ鳤ǶɡʵŷûҪɱأ
֪ŷԸγɶŮŷ徹һ˺£ѱѪõ׺֮Ľж滨ǣ׷׳˰ؿ˹ŷһۡ׷ǰȥһ˷סһǴӵϷҲ˵
ڿŷЦݵһ̣Ѫõ֪ŷûҪɱ˭Ĵ㡣֪ȫڰԼúͺã
˸мؿ˹ŷһۣȻ֪Щʲôû˿ԥٴιڵأȻԼ֣صѪģѪõԸӽ쿪ʼŷΪ
û˵꣬ͱһɲƥеӵ
֮ʣŷº͵Ѫõ鳤ҵȷҪѪɫõͰ׺ɱ֯
ǣԣ跢ѪĳΪҵūͣ
ղһĻŷ岻ѪõƷ
ûҪΪū͵Ĵ㣬ڵȻǸӲˡ
ԣѪõǸмӸжؿŹŷ壬׺һۣԥؾͱȭĵĹŷ鳤
ҹӥϣԼ׺Ƿʣµɱ֣Ҳһ֮ԥͬغ
ŷ鳤


579 񣡣£
鳤Ϊ֯¶һְɣ
ʱһڷ磬ѪɫõܲõùݡǸڣѪõ΢Цŷ˵
ŷ͵˵ͷȻҲû͵ͽɣ
ȡ֣ŷ˵ġ
ŷҲԼɱ֯ɱˣרֻӰɱ뷨
ԣֱȡ֡
Բ׷׵ͷҲԼֵЩʲô
ŷҲֱôһɱ֯׼ɱ޹ֻЩĿΪһ˭Υ˭һɱ⣡
˵󣬹ŷɫȻɱ˫Ҳɨˣʾľġ
ŷǺɱ޲һݣͬʱͷӦǣ
Ψü󣬲ŵ鳤飬Ƿǳ֧֡һĻ
˵֯תѣԼ̫٣ûжԸ԰ɣ
ŷ嵭Ц
ǵģǴ⣡
ϵͷ˵
ţת赣ģÿ¶˸
ڱ̫٣Ը룬Ǹɴκ˶Լɱ֯ķʽ
κҪ֯ģҪѡΣЩһ
һ룬ôȥʮ֮Ŷɴ֮⣬ɱĿĹף֯ȡӦĹֵ
ֵ٣⹺ܹ򵽵κ似ҩǷ
ŷ뷨ҲҰֻصһ׹ֶΣ
ֵǿΪ֯Ϊ˶Ĺףٹ׶
ԽôùֵҲȻԽࡣ
ֵڲκеĶ
ʲô似ȵȵȵȣֻҪ㹱ֵ㹻ôͿ򵽣
⹱ֵҲֻáʲô£ģ۳ֵֹ
صģֱ
صģֱӲ󵱳ɱ
һ׽ĹֶΣԱ飬ͬҲסЩصĳԱ
ΪԴʯҪʲôܹԸԼ֮⣬ǹЩƷģ
ˣŷһϯ֮󣬰ڣһݵؿŹŷ塣
˷ŷ岻츳ǿ죬ǣԶˣ
٣δĸ
鳤ò˵ʽֻһ⣬Щ似ȵȡ
Ǿ̾ؿ˹ŷһۣ˵Լ뷨
ŷһЦЩҲ˶͹赣ġ
ʵŷҲ֪ɱ֯˹Ļô϶г޽ĳ档
Ϊɱ֯ʮ֮һıȡ֮⣬καԴʯԴˡ
ԣɱֻ֯Ǯķݡ
ŷԴȴ⡣
ܱ˵ԼɵҲãԴˮ˺áԼֻһİ
Ҫô౾ԴʯƨñԴʯȡԼһģȡ˵ҸΪ˱ѩޣԸ⣡
ǹŷе뷨
Ը⣬Ҿˣ
ȻˣҲ޻˵ˡһУ鳤ᣡ
ȻûκεˡǺһЦ˵
ŷЦЦȻѪõͰ׺һﶼ֯ŰɡڣǾȽϵģĿЩ޶񽻸Ұɡ
ɱ֯ʱһ䣬ŷֵ˦ƹ
㼴չһֵġħ
õģ
ѪõͰ׺һЦ󣬱㲻ٶ˵ϵһͬʼһпʼѡ

ܿѡãױԴϵĿ꣬ǧ
պЩ֮󣬹ŷûҲûȥɱЩĿ꣬ǴŶŮصҰ硣
ŷ岢ûнҲʱţҲΪųų棬Ҳܹǰ
ңҲΪһŵƣȵҪʱó
Ͼô˵ҲһõľŽڱԴߡֻԼ൱߳ȥȴ֪Ҫأ
صҰ磬ŷҲֻһĿġ
ҩ
뵽ŷͺʹһ
ΪڷԼˣǷѪõʮ߲ʱԴʯأ
ȻԼ£ԼôҲǮ
£ŷġ
񣬻ҰֻȻҪԼҩά֣ںƶԼ˵չ£Щ׬ȡˡ
ҲܴӻҰֻóٱԴʯġ
ԣ֮£ŷֻƵػع׬Ǯϱˡ


580 ǱΣ
صҰֻصĹŷˣûи֪ˡ
ֻĵڻҰһ羰ĵطͿʼҩ
;ŷҲȻúù۲һҰֻصķչ
ɣùŷ⡣

Ϲ磬Ϲڡ
÷һƽλ֮ϣ·Ϲǰ
£ҲȻϹǸ鱨ܣ
ֻǣȴϴβͬһΣڵϣ̲סɪɪ
亹Ҳѽ͸ѣûһ֮ͺƵĳһ㡣
ģȴû˭ȥЦ
һҳȫؿڵصӣȴ˸˵κһΪĵĻ
ʲôչ
÷λݻϣһ˫Ӳ˿ؿŴˣĮʵ
ĸûûнչ
˵꣬ʶԼ⻰æٴνŵûнչҡǽչܡֻܴǵϹүܡǧ磬ֱȽϵ͵ԡ
ԣǵڻûҵɱ˷ɶˣ
ǡǡ⡢
÷ʼûвȴӿ־Ͱ͵˵
ǵҵ˵Ļ𣿡
÷ʵ
ǡǵá
亹ԽԽ࣬ǵٶȣȲˮС١
ôǰ
÷ɡ
˻ˣȴ˲˾κһ˿ҡ
ֻȴûκģܵ뷨
Ȳ˵ܲӵˣɸˣԼЩ޶ϸĸģض񶾵ֶĥ
ԣΨһѡ񡪡
һ̾ԼӡӡĸһĻĻЦ͵һ̧֣ԼѨ֮ϡ
ͬû˹ͷһ㣬ſſص˵ϣòˡ
ոջ˵Żһ׵ȥ÷ƤĽëûһ¡
ɴ˿ɼģӲʲô̶ȣѪʲôز
˼̽ɶ»̽ô鱨ʱˣȫ˶ϰɣ
÷Ҳ֪Ƕ˭Ըģ֮˵ôһ֮󣬾ֱȻ뿪˴

Ҵ磬ڡ
ƷɵүүҲ񽭼ҽǿ߽λϣݲؿŴʮˣ˵ı塣
Լ۰ϣİｭƷɣȻ
ˣ
֪ʱ򣬲˹ȥ
ԽƷɱеϣǽֱ׷ѩǵŵİ
ڣһУΪӰ
˭˭Ȼɱҵİ
˭Ҫҵ㣬ȻҶҪʬΣ
ţҲֻڳֱ
鱨鱨鱨ҿ磡ⶼȥˣȻûҵҿȫһȺͰ
ޱȵؿ鱨ܣҧгݵŭ
Ǹϵ鱨ȴǿԶҿһΪ֪赽װƷɰ˺̶ֳȡ
ʱ򣬻ǲ˵ĺáȻԲ˼ôĽ飬Լɱģ
˺һ󣬽ѹͷĻʵ㣬Ҫòܲ鵽Ǹɱף
鱨ܲҺӦ˼Ƭ̣ڽֿʼʱ򣬲æش£֮ڣһܹ˭
ã£»鲻֪
ǣһ
˵꣬׷ƮƮ鱨תҴ뿪˴ɾȥȫŵˡ

磬һۡڡ
ʱɥվһԣ˿һģ
˿ĽͰ
ٿӣĺݣӥߣʱȻû˵Ҳûɢκɱܸоͬһ綾ߣԵ÷ǳ䡣
Ѿȥôˣ룬ٶ֣ӦòΪ˰ɣ
ӺȻ˵
ĻƽҲûдʲôݻǼվԵ꣬ʱ̲סһ
Ϊӵʵ̫ˣͺǶӵָоһëȻ
ף׼ˣ
Ȼһ˷ܵʵ
ǺǣСӡ㱻۸ҵĵλҲһǧɣ˳ҿʲ
길׺ǺһЦʱǹζԺôһ㡣
ɫһ䣬ЦңҲÿԽ˻ᣬƨҽ磡
˵ǸСӵĽ磬Ѿһεǿˣ
ٺ٣
綾ŵصϢ


581 ´Ҵҹ
ʱҴңתۼ䣬һ±ȥˡ
Ұĳ羰֮ŷһ˦֣Ƶһ¯ҩͱ˰ƿС
ŷҲ֮վ̬ƣһ
ʱ˹ϲź顣
ŷһЦֱַ̧סֻۻС֣ЦҩѾˣǾ͵ȻǾͿȥЩˡ
㲻Ϣһ𣿡
γȴ۵ص
û£ͻָˣûд󰭵ġ
ŷҡҡͷٶԣŮϸһͳҰĻҰзȥ
ŷӦʥϢ
ʥʱһʲô
Ӧɻ̧ͷһǹŷˣʱЦ
ϵܣӰȥٵģҪϸҸһΪɱɱأ
ʥ̣վǺǿЦ
ŷ΢΢һЦȴûȥʥĻǶһöֽ磬Ƶҩ㿴һ°ɡ
ʥʱ۾һæӹֽ䣬ʶһ̽ϵϲɫŨ
ϵܣЩҩǻҰУξܹһٳеˣ
ţһ־ͽʯƹɣ䡣
ŷ͵ͷ˵
Уû⣡Ĺеϲˣ
ʥµͷЦ
ŷͲЦ
ƺʯƹΪĹȴΪǶ֧ȡҩ似Щʵ̫ˡ
˱Ƶһ̶ȣǾԲ֧ȥġ
ȻԸʺϵľֽɫŷҲޱȷġ
˵ȴɺ޵Ҫ
ȴֲܵ˵Ϊ͵ÿǹŷյĲֿܣңǲǶ֧ȡˣֻĥӲݵķ
ˣһһ˵
Թʯƹһë֮ʥȻЩЦ˵
ʲô£
ŷɻʵ
˳֮磬ǸλõģǳºƵʦǸߡ
ŷû뵽ʥ˵ȴǴ¡ҪԼƺ콫ˡ
Ҳ˳ºƶʦĿ˵ûʦˣֻˡ
ԡ
ʥ˻˼ѾˡʹŷҪҪ˽ɵ
ˡʥȴԹŷʵ֪Ľɵûκѹġ
ʱֱ˵֪ˣ
û֤ݣҲǲ˵ʲôġ
ȴŷֻҡҡͷЦҲʲô뷨ˡȻˣǱȥɡ
˵ʵŷʼգû߷
ڣڹŷϰֱܽɱ
ʨںһֻԼгϣ
УҲʲôľٶˣ
ʥ͵˵ͷû˵ˡ
磬ȻˣҾˡ飬鷳λˡ
ϵ˵ﻰֻ硯ٿۣҲֵõģ
ʥһЦ˻Ҳȷﻰ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷٴ§ŶŮϸʧԭء
ЩĿʱˡ
ǷѪõıԴʯŷҲЩ֮ٵҰֻ˻Ҳż

ûʱġ
οһü¡
ŷɱԣγɶŮ춼ڿޡ
ΪģȴΪЩĿ꣬ʵ̫̫ˣ˼Ҿ硣
֮һ·ɱŮˮûиɹ
ҲΪˣɱЩҲƴ
µĽΪȻֲֻȹŷٶȲһѣ
һ½£ڽһĿҲɱ֮ǵΪѾ˵߸Եĸı䡣
ΣֱӾͻƵĽ׳ڡ
ɣҲ٣ͬҲͻƵĽĩڡ
ȴΪɵʱҪһġ
˿̾һױԴˣ
һȴùŷǸ˵ģȴǶŮȻ׷׽һľ
ҲȴͻƵ˾˵ԭ֮һջȴǵ򣬶һΣ
ֱֲӾΡֱӾʹӵؼһԽ˻򼶱
ڱǻΣһȻǵˣ
ԴˣŮޱȵϲ
ͻƣǵʵҲһ¥
˵һ½µջȻŷԼˡ
ǧױԴϵĿ꣬иǲһŽ׳ڱԴߣټǵ¡
ùŷΪǷԾĩΪ
ͻ֮ǿǰ޹ˣߡ


582 鱨
Ϊڶ̶̼µʱ˿ֲı仯˵ȥȷ¶Ϊ֮𶯡
ŷȴ֪Ҳֻ߽ױԴ֮ǰһȵԼͻƵ߽ף߼Դ֮֮һͻٶȣζЦѡ
رǸ׵֮Ϊһ߽ױԴַ壬Ѿǲܵһˡ
ͺñڣ׵ĴЧѾСС
ĿʱѾ꣬ŷԼɵĽǰĿ꣬һ᳹״ɱ֯š
֮ģҲǸɱ
ԣȻûˣŷȴûеĹ֮ûĿԹԼɱȻˡ
ȻɣŷȻȥһˣʯƹǶ㹻ıԴʯ֮󣬾ٴ˷ġõùݡڡ
ŷ֮ȴùֻһڣѪõ֪ȥ
ϣأ
ŷɻʵ
鳤ŶǶȥȥˡ
ϾЦǺǵػش
񣿡
ŷɻ󣬡Ҳȥˣ
һŽڱԴߡĿ꣬ҲǾŽף
ǵģǽӵһɱŽ׳ڱԴߵ񡣡
Ͼ͵˵ͷƺǿ˹ŷɻ󣬾ЦǺǵؼ˵ȴΪ鳤ԭˡ
µʱ䣬鳤һһĿֶ꣬Լţַٶ벻˵עⶼǲܵġ
鳤ɱŽױԴĿ֮񷢲Ĺǳʼαǡ
ټһֱûԼϢҲЩӳġ
ڣȥǸŽױԴĿ꣬кüأ
ϵĻŷʱȻ
ҲֻЦЦʵЩŽױԴĿ棬ֶ
⵹ûУһЩԹġЩҲԲʲôˣǲŽЩ񡣡
ŷͷ϶̸һ֣óɵĽǰ񵥣ЦЩĿ꣬زȥ֤ʵ˰ɣ
ŷ˻ȻǿЦġԼȻûŪٵĵѽ
ҲֻǺǺһЦ׼ó׼õıŷ塣
ŷȴҡҡͷЩ꣬Ͷ֯תʽɡ
˵ţֶһöֽ䣬öָ棬Ѫõʮ߲ʱԴʯ֮ͽɡ
Ͼͽ˹Ĭһ֮󣬺Ȼ˵鳤ǸҰֻأǲҲ
ŷһȻΪʲô֪ԼǻҰֻصЩ飬ɱ֯鱨һ֪
ǣôͻȻ˵ҲԵ÷ǳء
ǵģʲô£
ŷҲֱǷʲô£Żˡ
ȻϾ͵ͷǵ鱨ƺڲ̽ڻҰֻص顣
һǿ磬ڰмƺҪ֡
һǿ磿
ŷֻһ룬ʱ˭ˡ
ԴˣŷҲ׼رϹ壬鶼ȥôãҲӦÿҪ鵽Լͷˡ
ùŷ𾪵ǣȴԼȻ͹ѪɫõͰ׺ɱ鱨ʵ
ֻһ֪ܵ鱨ǿ󣬵жôҪˡ
٣Ŀǰ˵ĻҪѣֱԷſˣҰֻص鱨ܹ֪
鳤ǲͦȵģ
һ˫Եúǻǵ۷·ܿŷ뷨ƵãһЦ͵ʵ鱨ôǿǵ鱨ûǿǰ̶ȡ
ܹĶΪȥʱõġ
˵ᣬӵ˳ɾͣоԲ١Ĳ£һپ٣һ𡣡
Ϊ˰ȫ˿ʼйעڻҰֻصһҲܷĶġ
ŷ꣬ʱȻ
ȴѪõϸĸΪˡЩԼǶû뵽ġ
ǺǣȻˣǾͼעһκζҡ
ŷǺһЦЦص
鳤ͷİɣǵ鱨ϵͳֻҪκη紵ݶһ㶼Ӳǵ۾ģ
ŵ˵
Ǻǣ˵˵Ǹǿߴɡ
ǿߴ磬ǲһҽģ
ŷоһȴ΢Цʵ
ڷػȥʱ򣬹ŷ뵽˻ôһ졣
ЩģϾʱĻҰֻصʵҲֻ൱Сǿߴѡ
ɾ˷ٷչ񣬹ŷͲأ
ΪĻҰֻýλᣬһٽ붥ǿУ


583 ϪƷ
ҽ磬ֻƺֻһִѡھǻ˽⣬Ҫȥϸ̽
ϵͷش
ŷһЦڰ˵ٲˣ֪˭ˡֻҪעʲôʱ֣Ȼ֪ͨұǡ
УݹƣӦþ⼸죬Ǿͻжˣ
˵
֪ˡ
ŷ嵭ЦЦҾȻҰˣͽˡ
鳤費Ҫǰæ
ϺȻ˵
Ȼ֪ҽ˶Ҳͬŵ˽⵽˻ҰֻصʵԲοεս
籩꣬޷ɳġ
ŷֻǵ˵ôһ䣬ֱתŶŮȥˡ
ŹŷȥıӰһ˫ȴһ⡣
ܹӵнɾͣȷżȻ
ٴλصҰĹŷ壬زûȥϢ
ֻһȥȫټ
ŷ̬λϣ·һϤȻЦλΪǶѸٰ
ȷԼ뿪ܹµʱ䣬Լҩ﹩Ӧ£˶˼Եؽ
սǴһȫͻƳΪ˱ԴߡïˣҲɳһǺüײ㡣
ȴΪҪȹŷ࣬ôľϺչŷʽԼҩ︨һ°θô࣬Ҳǿġ
ͱ˵˶սΡ
ս󣬵ȻЩΧɱʦʦЩˣ
ЩΧɱʦʦҲֻֿƽ硢̽硢νӵžŽױԴĽûˡ
磬ҪȹŷԽġ
⻹㴫ڵЩĹͣҪû㣬Ҳǵ˿찡
ɷһЦЦҵ÷ʦ
ɷĻʱȫһЦ
ŷҲεӣһΪʦΪҽɳֵزҹŷʦҵĸף
ԴԼɷʦ󣬲ûдǶʲôô
ǣԼȴʵĺãͬԴһ㡣һ㣬ŷܹоõ
ɷ˻ȴûٶ˵ʲôˡ
һ˫еУһԵο͸ж
ԼⱲȷһ£Сôһͽ
ɷи̾
ˣ˵°ɡ
Сһ֮󣬹ŷŻ˵
ԸҰֻȫԱʱս׼
˽⣬ߴ磬ԼһǿĽǶ֣
ߴʱżǸǿ⼸Ͷ֣
ŷ˻˶һ
ߴ磿һǿ磿
ùŷ룬ܲµǿҲΣǶǿ硣
Ȼм֮⣬˶ҰֻΪκȻ˾У˶ûйѯʡ
ڣҪǵģȥӦԣ
ҪǵǸǿ磬ǲǾǡ
ʵ
ǵġ
ŷͷƶΣһ㱨𣡡
ϴΣʵµΣŷ岻òȽŻȥ
ڣԼŵˡ
˵ʵ길һĻŷҲڽڹȥ
Ϊ˵ԼµǸŵ
ƶһЦ˵Ǿлл
ڱ£ƶѾôˡ
ǲޣ֪ŷ壬ԻԼô˳
ȻˣԼʲôأ
ˣûʲôˣҶȥ׼ɡ
ټǰҲֻһ£׼ѡ
˵ʲôԲߣȫûǸҪ
֮սƾľ˫ԵʵûЩһսıһġ
ԣ˷׷׵ͷת뿪˴ȥ׼ȥˡ
ŷ壬ߺγɶŮѦ¼Ůȥ죬ԼһųǱڵһŵĵطȥ
Ϊոմӹе֪ϪϾҪͻƳΪƷҩʦˣ
˵¹磬ԭƷҩʦڡ޲ֻȥĶѣֻΪĻۣŵͻƳΪƷҩʦġ
ǣɶֹֻֽ׶ˣûȥļֵ
ԣŷڳɳǱ޴Ϫ塢СˣԷǳ
ΣϪҪƷʦҩʦŷ廹Ƿǳصġ
ⶰרΪҰֻҩʦ齨СԺŷ˻ûѾԶԶؿٻУϪһµϥţǰһŷרŹõİƷҩ
ҩǹŷרŹùҩʦͻʱҩá
Ϫֱǰ塢С顢ͨ
˶һŵؿϪΪһССʧʧܡ
ƷƷĳ̣ǲһġ
һκ⣬ôͽ궼ûٳĻᡣ
ŷ嵽˶ֻǵ˵ͷû˵
ŷҲǰڰ֣ʾվԭؼɡ
ͽĿѾʼ˵Ϫϡ
ֳǼΪľġ
ãһ͸ˣȻȥĻȻǺá
ֻҪʱ䳬ԼľܵļޣôҲʧܡ
ŷվһԣؿһüͷȴǽס
ǳӽƷߵȵҩʦȼټЩ֪ʶȻһ۾ͿϪĲ֮
Ҫ˵Ϫ֮ƽʱҩʱǲʲôӰġ
ǣʱȴԳΪɹȱݣ
ʱϪ״̬ҲԵĲȣӣٲֲĻǾ޷ɹġ
ʵҲǳƷʦҩʦѶˡ
У󲿷ֳʧܵƷҩʦΪĳһССģƽʱǸעⲻע⵽ˣҲںС⣬ֱӵ³ʧܡ
죬ûڵĻϪҲȻʧܸա
ŷûˣ
Ա˵ڳʱȥţָ㣬޷ãʧܵļʡ
ɶԹŷ˵Ͳ⡣
Ϊһκ˶ûеǾ
ǰ죬ŷо֮ʱҵһҲԽ֮Ҳ뵽Լеİ취
Ǿǣ̷ֱǱҩһһѵ̣֪֮ϵջǸҩЧŷ͵ؽƣȻ䷵ص֮ڡ
취ʵЩ׾ȴǹŷܹΨһ취ˡ
֮֮󣬹ŷһʱͿʼ
ûʲôΨһ򵽵ģǿԽںϵС
񵱳Ļ֮һ㡣
֮ӵŨϢŷ廹֣뵽֮󣬾ȻŰĹЧ
Ҳ˵ŷڣȫ򰲶ϪȻ˼ɵشָˣ


584 ָ
ſʱбҳɱĻֻ֮ӵŰĳŨϢ֮
һţԽȶϪʱͰ
󣬹ŷһ㴫ȥʼָϪǵ㲻֮
Ȼ˵ֻŷոһָ꣬ûʮ룬Ǹ¯ųһº͵Ĺâ
ϪҲͬһʱ͵˫ۣϲ֮ɫ
˵ڵȻһƷʦҩʦ
ֻΨһùŷоϧǣϪͻƣûдҩЧĳɳ
ҲֻѡϪӵҩЧѾǷǳˡ
٣¹ԭȵֻļҩЧƷҩʦҪࡣ
лл
վ˻ʵĺˮϪһʱ乪һʮȵĵԸм
ǺǣˡȻҵˣôκѣҶ
ŷǺһЦ̬º͵˵
֮ìܣɢ
ϪжһͷΪǳҪǹŷһ֮䣬ԼǱֳƷĻˣ
ңΪ˴εʧܣһ޷ĨȥӰ
һҩʦ˵ǷǳпĴ
תͷСˡ
֮ʱŷȻָǣһָȴǸǳ
ԣ̶̼£׷׶˼ΪԵؽ
УСƷеһԾΪƷߵҩʦңҪϳƷ
壬ȻƷеȣֻҲƷߵȡ
ͻͨˣ˻ͨҲҪϳƷҩʦ֮⣬ѾƷеͻƵƷߵȡ
ˣͻƳΪ˴ʦҩʦϪҩЧ
ҪΪҩЧܵͣҩʦУҩЧڼǱҩʦˡ
˵ŷԼҲֻǰ˼ҩЧѣ
ȻǲҩӲܹһҩЧڡ
Ϫ˳ͻƳΪƷʦҩʦ޲һĽ
ƷƷһޱȾ޴ĿԽһȥǰһƬ̹;ߵĶܵӦе𾴡
ǺǣҲĽֻҪŬҹŷͿԱס˶ܳԽƷ
ŷǺһЦȴޱŵ˵
⻰Ʒǳǣ弸ȴûȥɡ
Ϊŷ˵ֻʸ
룬˭ĸܹһٲ䣬ΪƷеҩʦģ
ңҩЧĸ׵ǰ˼
˼ʲô
Ҫ֪磬ҲֻзѩԼʦҲǵҩǰ˼ҩЧ
Ҳ˵ŷ壬ҩЧ棬֮еһ
ԣ˵ŷΪҩλõѡ˻˿ɡ
󣬹ŷ㿪ʼָϪΪŸոͻƣ飬һƬ¡ЩҪŷȥָġ
ڰˣڹŷ忪ʼָϪʱ򣬷׷ײԼͬܵһص㣬ʼҩ
˵ŷ屣֤ǶܴﵽƷһжƾԼŬС
ϪĳɹͻƣɳΪǷŬǿ

ʱ䣬ڹŷϤĽ̵´Ҵš
תۼ䣬ȥˡ
ʱŷ඼СԺָǡ
ΪԽԽߣŷҲ֪ԼԺ󲻻жٿרָǡ
ԣóᣬǺúóʵһѡ
죬ָǵĹŷ壬վڴ͹ĻǸ㳡ϡ
ԣǹһڸ߹ܡ
ʮֻҰ
ߣǶʮҰֻԤӳԱ
⼸δȣ˲Ǳ޴ߡ
Ա˸ı䡣ȻʵҲ˳ؽ
ȻԶĴ͹Ļһ߲ʹâŷԺˣȫɫһҲøһ㡣
Ψйŷ廹ǰ㵭Ȼģ
˿͹ĽֻһʮױߺҲиһ㡣ֻ˸Ŀǲǽŵģ˷ܵġ
װʱսʮֻҰԱ˫۸ɢһĿ⡣
ֻһǵ׶ôԡѪս
˵͹ˡ
ֻһ͹չҴææؾͳ
һŷǰǹһ񣬶ֱӲ⣬ٿٵ˵ˣѪõ帱鳤ҴǱߵˣѾҪˣ
Ԥʮӣ̴͹
ŷ΢Цŵ˵ͷţ֪ˡ
ֹһ񣬶ֱתٴȥ
ŷڴ뿪֮󣬺Ȼת磬ȫ׼ʮ֮ڣս죡
𣡺𣡺𣡡
شŷģ뻮һĳ˿Ұɱŭ


585 
ֻǣùŷȽɻģȴǵȴʮӣ͹Ļȴûκζ
㲻ˡ
Ѫõ鱨˵ʮӣô;Բᳬġ
ǣôô˶ûжأѵʲôʣ
ŷɻ
ʱ͹Ļٴδһ󲨶ŷæ̧ͷȥȴִ͹ģһˡ
ŷ忴˵ʱͫȴȻһ
ֻһȾѪͷɢȴȻɼ毺ĵӰһ͹ĴҴҵС˹
ȻѪŷȴܴϢ֪
񻪣
ֻһʱǱģŷѾ϶Ǳ߱ضǷʲôʡ
Ŀܣǣ길һظһѣ
ŷ岻ٶ룬һԡ
Ҳ˵ס죬˼ҩ漴ַסļۺıԴ֮ԴԴϵעȥæҩҩЧ
˹ŷİ񻪲԰׵ɫںÿ˲١
Ѿûʱ˵лĻˣץסŷĴ֣еصţŷ壬죬Ⱦǡ
ŷ̬ûʲô仯侲ʵô˵ϸ㡣
˺ü񻪲ƽϢ˼ģæ˵ǵ֪길ǿʼ׼ǵʱǸǾҲ֯˿ʼ
ΪӦ㣬Բ길㱨ġ
ǣʼã֮ЩԭվⷽģȴǺȻѱ䣬ʼǷ
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ȻŷôţƷһ棬ҪģȴΪΪԼֲķչǱ
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586 Ҳˬɱ
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587 ԣ
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ŷҲȻû뵽ˣȻֵز
ΪԼûп㽫λôҲٸλõĻᣬĸ׵ġɱĲˬ

ʹ޵ˮŭʵɱҸףѵΪܹϼ𣡾㵱ˣΪܹػЩҽʵڵһʱǰ򣡵ʱҲֻһʬ壡
Ϊ֪زסԲŻἯ׼Ұֻأ
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˵꣬Ҳػα˲һ㣬˲ʧԭء


588 Ķ̰
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ʱĹŷ壬ҲٲַƵȻ̬
ʱĹŷ壬裬ƮɡֳһԾ˫磬ƺ嫶Ӵ󣬳˲һİԵ
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ΪҲһоƺŷֻžŽױԴƺ͹ѡ
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589 ħӣϣ
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⻹ΪΪǿҪٸһЩʱɳĻ
뵽˴أֹסشһ


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ȻǰǱҪ뵽һ״̬ңҪĵĳ̶ȣʩŵİٱ
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ŷԼҲʲôõĹĻôҲַֻʽսˡ
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࣬ԺٶЩҩȡԴʯˡ
ˣַʽʩչĹȴҪʮԴǷҪøǿ
ȴΪ۳Լʩŵ似ҶԼںϡ˳ԣԶԶǽܹġ
ԣаʽһţѹȸжʱϯֱɵ۵Ԭȥ
òɵۣôҲûϵŷ徹Ȼôһ֣
ҲŷƵǰ㣬ʱΪʱ̡˵ֵܹˣܣǲɵ
ɫľ޸̩ɽѹһ£ԬΨоر˫ۡ
ʲôڣʲôգʲôԹޣѾڡ
ڣеֻǶĿ־塭


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Ԭ廯ΣȻҲһ˿ֿŷֻһָͽԬһȥ
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ҪٹôãǲǶܺʮױԴǿ߶սˣ
ߵǰŷ΢΢һЦˣ磬ǻҰֻؽա
ŷ˻һʱص˲һ㶡
û뵽ŷȻͻȻðһ⻰زһ̾ЦЩú˵ģǻҰֻزգʮˣǲصסģ
ŷ͵˵ͷȻ׼ȥҪ뵽ǻҰֻأ
£붼û룬ϲɫص˻Ҵ⡣ֻЩˡ
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ϾʮܹԼȻ˵ԼΪܹҰֻأԻøõĽĻػ
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ԣأ˶סˡ
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ŷһǿ磬һ飬ʷδйģ
ԴˣŷԼȻ
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ȴǹŷҪġ
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ǵģ˰ɡֻȻǻҰֻأȴܲԱҲҪԱܲĳԱ͡
ҪܲͱҪҳϡʵǱȫزСһأܲԱˣȵȷ棬ҲܲԱһ¡
һ㣬Ҫ֪
ŷ΢΢һЦ˵
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˵ǰ˭˵ҪһȥһĻһΪ񾭲
ŷ壬ԼֻҰǿֲս֮ҲֻǾڹŷ뷨ȴûΪûܵģ
ԣŷĻҲû룬͵ͷͬ
ǺǣǺãҾ뽫ҵ˽йȻϤϤԺ󣬴ҾͶһˣ
ŷǺһЦ֣һֻҰСӳæ˹
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ֻһӵʱ䣬͹ĻЩ߲ʹâ˵ӰͳС
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Դˣ˶ֻһЦջĿ⡣
Ϊֳ棬ѾüˣǼֲ֣


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ҲȫǻҰֻصˣءط򸾣Լصļĸ
⼸ĸΪ߽Ϊ
ŷһʶһ㿪˵ԺҰ磬֮ΪҰֻܲ֮ΪҰֻҽֲ
ҲפֻҰԱͨΧԱա
Ұֻܲ󽫲ٶԱеԤӳԱͨԱգΪԤӳԱ֮󣬲ʸȥȡֻҰԱλá
˵꣬ͿЦ⣬һʲôҪ𣿡
˵Ұֻأڶҽһκߵʵϣŷչ˼·Ȼû䡣
ҽ磬Ҳ͵ڳΪ˻ҰֻԤӵԤӣҪ뵽ԤӣǾͱҪ㹻Ǳ
뵽ֻҰǱΪȻҪĸӸˡ
ˣŷչ˼·ĺû䣬ǼӴŵķһԤӣֻҰԴԴϵĳԱ룬ҲͲΪս࣬ʧ󣬶Աϡˡ
ܵ˵ǣҽôһԤӵԤڣԻҰֻغķչֻкôûл
ڳˣһǳ˾
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ΨбȽϳȵĸ󣬾΢üͷʵֻҰԱǲЩˣ
磬ɲҰԱȵġ
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ҽڻҰֻطֲϢȥ֮Щԭ뵽ҰֻأȴκǱǣضһʱǰ롣
Ҳ֪һûл뵽Ұֻܲ٣˷ֲ֮󣬾ֻᣡ
󣬹ŷֵ˼˵ְλٸ߲в߹ְֲܵҲⷽżֱӵܲԤ档
ֻһһεԱȣûǸȡֻҰԱλˡ


593 һƷ
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İȫ⣬ҲҰֻسԱԼʮͨԱڣͬҲ赣ġ
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Թ󣬹ŷ׼ʼҩˡ
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ֻǣʽ𣬾ҪԼˡ
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ŷҲɫһϲæʵĸ磿
ʲôʲôԼոջΪöأؾʹҵϢˡ
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ǣ˱ͬʱڳصش£Ŵ͹Ļɶȥ

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˵ԼǻҰֻصҰĽǹŷ廹ûҰ⣬ùŷ岻ЦԼεʷϻǶһˡ
ԶԶģŷ͸ӦǱѾв˵Ϣˡ
ЩˣǹŷֵεġЩѰĶԱΪߣһ޲ĵˡ
⼸֮⣬ʥҲѾȻҲõϢ
ŷһҲûдҴææȥ̽飬ЦǺǵ˴к
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ŷ˻˶˴Ĵָϵľ˲ٳ
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ȴ˵ԼԬôһþŽ׳ڱԴǿߵľȻûͻƵ߽ףǲԶľǣҲȻȻˡ
ٶ룬ŷתͷһΡ
ﲢûʲô֮羰˵϶ôΡ׳ۣȴҲɽˮ㡣
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صúҪרŵģоѰһһ̽ѰĻԷ֡
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ԣҲǹһֱûзԭڡ
ھһʱ䣬ŷҲһֱȴڴˡ
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Ȳ˵Щھ󣬶Ҫһģֻ˵ǵΪô˵Щ

ʱ䣬ٴδҴš
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رһ֮ŽڵԽԽ࣬ص˵ٶȴԽԽָ֮оΪԡ
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ʱٹһ죬ŷҲ̲סؼ뵽ھеС
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ΪĴСʵǳ˹ŷ
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۹ˣ·ˣ£֮ڣҲõĽˣ
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ʦһʹԴϷ£رȭغ
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ǣŷȴ֪ƽάֶáһȵЩعһڵһʱ乥
⼸ʱ䣬һ죬Ͼͻᵽ

ȻͬŷԤǰ㡣
ʱ䣬һ鱨ԱҴǰš
ŷѾʼӦΪԼռһ鱨ˡ룬ǲֱӷϳҰֻ鱨飬ʦԱ뵽ȥ
˵Ұֻ鱨飬ʦɷĴ󣬿ɱϾôȹ̣ҪﵽѪõͳ߶ȣûиϰĥǲܵġ
ʦļ֮鱨齫ǿӹɵġ
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ϴǸŮӣѪõĸĶȲûɡ
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ʵò£ŷҲ֪϶ЩҽѾѾʼжˡ
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595 ȷˣ
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ŷͲ΢΢ü
Ž׳ڱԴǿߣԼȥʲôʮߡ
ŷֻҰʮԤӶԱģʤģ϶Լⷽˡ
һĻɽǳܹʣ֮һˣδ֪
󣬹ŷһҧ
Ҫ˲пᣬֻҰ޷ٵسɳģ
ЩսܹˣɶǾӢеľӢеšˣֵԼκδȥ
ԣŷ嵱²˿ԥõģȥɣ֪ˡ
ŮҲ޶ת뿪ˡ
Ůߺ󣬹ŷִɽ̿ʼս׼
ִɽڻֻҰһųȴӵԼλչҽ֮źü߽ױԴǿ߼ֽȸиǿҡ
ԣһʱ䣬ûΪų֮λκиŬ
ֻΪܹÿ´ȵУܹ֤Լλȹ̡
յŷĴִ֮ɽظ󣬱㿪ʼܹĵذš

ڶ峿ŷվڴ͹ĻԶȴšһʮֻҰԤӶԱ
ԶҽгԱˡ
ҽ类ҰֻձϢѾ˳ȥôʱٶʮǰ롣
ңûһΪǵױԴģ
йŷ׼ҽҲ߲ܡ
ֻҪִ֮ˣΪҲﵽ˵Ļ㶼Լ롣
ԣʱΧսԱȻʮҡ
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ǹԭȴǼʶʶһֻҰǿԼǱõװȡ
ˣܹв˵Ķ־Դ˿зܶĿ꣬һֱƽӹȥ
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оǣŷȫʩֽ߲ǷڡޱȵıڣΨһ񣬾Ǿս˼ɵս
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Ψһ˫ۣԴκģѹûзӦ׷ʲô
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Ҫ֪㲻˵ֻҰԱܹ뵽ԤӵĶԱΪǶĽױԴϣ
Ҳ˵һΣҪϵĽױԴǿߵļ幥
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ˣǶ˻ʲôŽױԴʵǶͼķǶҲֻ飬һС˶ѡ
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ܹһͬǰģȻ˫ǿߺ͸߲㡣ҪЩ˶ˣⳡսʤˣʧҲԲǶ˵Գܵġ
ԣһӦҪˡ˫˫ɤӴֻܹγɷ
ȻҲ֪Щ˷ų˷ܹסĿԣ޽ӽ㡭
ৡ

Ƕ˵Ȼûõġ
ЩˣѹãȻУ˵ǵķӦٶ̫ٶۣһжչ̫ˡ
ǲŸոһ͹ХĹѾǵ˾Լ׵λã
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ˣ˵ǷˣܵĶûмܹóġ
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ֻһƵ˺ƿ⡯һʮߣ
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âʱֻ̡ܶ벻ʱ䣬Ѿɢȥ
һһıԴߣͳ˵
ҲٴλطһղŵĳΨһЩͬģһΣһһ˴
󣬾˽ױԴǿҲѾȥУʣµĻŽױԴǿߡ
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ȻԷֻȥʮˣаʮңʧȴҪʧʮ˻Ҫأ
Ϊǰ洫͵ģ޲ΪȽϸߵߡʮ棬жٸΪϸߵǿأ
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һֱվԱ߹ŷ壬ʱȻӰһʧԭء
ٳֵʱѾԴ֮۶ɵľ޸ҩķ֣ҲѾŷ屣С
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597 ʽ
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ԣŷûκμٴʩչеʱǶ˸ûʱȥ룬ΪιŷܹʩŴСΨһ뷨ȥ
ΪǶӹŷղŵĹиӦóŷһйԸ֮һĻôˣƳŲʮغϣ
ʮغ϶̣
չŷֿԲʩչеĻһӣؽ̣
˿ԥҲûиʱȥ˷·Ϭһ㣬֣໥ǣһ
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Ž׳ڱԴǿںսɲһһô򵥡
٣ں֮ǣܹסŷĹˣ
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ȻذֻҰⷽģǺڶԷġ
ǶֶϽţնϣֻҰԱҲûκһԳġ
˲ҽУųľٶ
û˹֮ģԷԱҲԽԽࡣ˫ڹŷŽױԴǿսʱ򣬾Ѿսһ
û˸߼ǿߵĶԷȻӹɵġԷʮˣֻҰ߲Žֻһ˶ѡ
棬ȫһߵĳ档
ΡɡuuѦ¡桢ȵˣҲѼս֮С
Ȼÿһ߲ػţԵµĽǣǴΪ죡
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˭ܹóֻжΪΡɳӵˣֱӾԷüױԴǿ߸ϣһ˿·һʲôĳ棿
˭ܹĽΪĳǣֱԷʮױԴǿ߸ϣͬ·һ棿
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֪ԼղŻԥʲô̷ҩ˵Ѿأ
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ԣǶֻܴžֺ;ؿŹŷӵɽѹƵĹԼ˵ɨ
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ЩΧߣѾʣʮ˵ĵзߣһҲֹͣסɴ˫ۿţ˿©
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սŽ׳ڱԴǿߣûܵκƣ֮׽ɱʬǺ궼Ź
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ȻҲֻע⵽һѡЩĸ߰͵λȻὫľһǿϵġ
£ĻҰֻأԳƵǶǿ磡
Щߴ磬ٵߴ磬ǵķۡ
Դ˹ŷĺ⡣ǻЩˡ
ڣҰֻزҪ̫ĹעҪģոż룬ε׳
ȵһ죬Ұֻرؽ£𶯣
⣬ǹŷһֱҰ
ȻûЩ߰ģΪޱȵĳĹעⳡսΪҰֻش֮ĺô
ȷ˵ⳡս֮ʶ˻ҰֻصǿҲЩŴҰֻ
ͬʱǿߵ롣֪˻ҰֻغĳԱĸԼƬͨԱĸ֮󣬸Щ߶ͷ
ⲻŶ̶ʱѣȻкüǰ롣౾ȴ۵ǿߡ
⼸ʵǹӴһЩ֮£ŷֻóƵһס
֮ǰģֻҪƵģһͳͳ˺;ܾʱüߴ١
ȻҲڲԱָ߶ȣǰı׼Ļ⼸ʮܹͨһǳ˼ˡ
֮⼸Ҳֻʮͨ˿顣
ȴֻʱѣǰ߻ԴԴϵӿֱһ֮ǰŻࡣ
˵Щ˵˵ŷԼ
ŽױԴ֮ŷԸȷǴﵽͻ߽ױԴߵʵ
ǣͻѶȣȴԶԶ˹ŷ
Ϊͻƣһβգ۾ͻƵģ
Σȴʱ䣬Ȼڳ׵߽׵״̬֮У
̣ȴֻеһѡҲ˵ҪͻƵ谭ٻҪʱ䡣
Դ˹ŷҲûκΰ취
ʦŷ֪ͻƵ߽ױԴߣһѵһ¡
һߣ˺ü£ҲûϰģҲˡ
ԣԼͳһ룬Ѿڳŵһˡ
ͻʵҲûʲôرֻ֮ҪľʡԼãôͿԽͻˡ
ͻѵģʵϻǾԼ档
Ҫ֪ͻƣһ˿һĶġ
Ϊͻ֮ʱȫĶڳ״̬֮Сһκģһᵼͻʧܡ
ֲһ£Ǻü£Ȳ˵Ծֻ˵Ѿʧˡ
ټǳľҲǵ۷屾Դǿߣһֱֹǰԭˡ
ֻǣЩԹŷ˵Ȼʲô⡣
ʱ仺ţŷͷĺˮҲԽԽࡣ
ľʱҲЩƣˡ
ɴ˿ͻƵ߽׵谭жôѡ
죬գ۾͹
ʱŷ巿⣬γɼŮ׷
ֻȴûǰ죬Ǵ΢Ľź͵ĿŹŷյķţŹŷɹͻƵ߽ס
Ҳֻһ㵣ĺͽŶѣڹŷ¼˵ƺֶ˶ԣޱѵͻƣڹŷǰǸ£
ʵҲǰ㡣
ΪʱŷķźȻ汻򿪡
ŷһ΢Цس˴ǰ
ֻŷһȻ΢ЦŮ֪ŷѾɹͻƵ߽ױԴ߾ء
Ȼ׼浽ʱĵȻ̲סһ𾪡
ΪǶ֪һ㡪
ŷ䣬ɲ꣡
һ䲻߽׳ڱԴǿߣһƷеȴʦҩʦʲô
Ůʼȥ룬Ǳ繫ϣʷһŵķѩڹŷǰбŵʸ
𰸣ȻǷ񶨵ġ
ѩڹŷ͵ʱƺҲֻǸոͻƳΪԴ߶Ѱɣ
ҩʦȼ˵ƺҲֻƷѣ
Ůĳڹŷ־֮ԶǷ˿ɱȡ
Ծ̶̵𾪹󣬽¶һϲЦ
ŷ壬һ飬Ҫ˵˵
uu۳ݵؿŹŷ壬ȻЦ˵


600 𺳽֮
Ŷʲô飿
ŷǺһЦһƵسһЩؿŹuuʵ
uu˷ܵصҸ׽㴫˵ǡҩʦˡѾǰ췢뺯ȥμӰһεġҩᡯأ
ŷһ
⡮ҩʦˡҲ˵
ֻ־ˣҩʦɡ
˵һҩʦоǧŰپʮҩʦˡĳԱ۱ûԿɼС
УȻҲǺôġ
໥֮佻ĵãҩʦȡԼҪҩ
ǣᷢԼڲҩ츳ӵܺ͵⡮ҩʦˡ
ͱ˵
ѩ
ǡҩʦˡӣ
ʦҲǵҩлɽˮ⡮ҩʦˡ
һεҩᣬŷͲˡأͺͻҰ½Ĳһʵʢɣ
һһΣ
ŷɻؿuu
uuһЦѽһһΣȻƺܾãƺ˾ϴҩᣬѾһˣ
һҩᣬʮУ
ŷ˵ͷ
ԼҩʦݣûԱҩʦ˷뺯ԼŷҲûие졣
㸸ô˵
ŷƬ̣Ȼʵ
Լûã飬ʿǸʲô뷨
Ұְ˵⽫һµĺûᣬһηչ£ǿ߼ĺûᡣ
֮ģǴСС鷳ˣźܴΣҲ˵
ԣ˵һУжᡣ
ŷͲ΢üͷ
žһεҩᣬضʢᡣʱ򣬼ܵĹע
ֻҪԼܹڴϴŹʣôضǿ߸Լ
ΣգҲ޷ǾǸԼһЩ˵ļʺˡ
Щ޷ģ㲻ãзǳΣҲǷǳпܵġ
ùŷԥģǳ״֮ǿ߼Ұֻˡ
ɣҰֻȱģĸ֡ͱȷ˵˽ױԴ߰ɣȥѪõͰ׺֮⣬һû
ڻǻҰֻصߣ
ھŽױԴߣֻŽ׳ڵġ
ԣԥһ֮󣬹ŷ¶˾ġ
Ҫ£Ķǿ߼룬ôͱμҩᣡңԼҪҫ۵̬ˡУ
鷳Σգȴڱеġ
У֪ˡ
ŷ㲻ٶԣͷ￪ʼ㿪

ΪոͻƵ߽׳ڱԴŷʱ䣬Ϊúùһ
뵽߽ױԴ֮󣬹ŷҲʶˣ֮ǰǰسɳƺЩʵˡ
Щ׿룬ΪһɣŷϪеԼСԺС
ȻҪҰֻس״ඥǿǰ롣ôƾԼһЧȻǲġ
ԣҩᣬŷ׼ԻҰֻҩμӡҩҲƷҩʦȴСʸ֮⣬˻ǿԲμӵġ
ҩһص㣬ǾǣͼҩʦǲҪȥһҩʦԱȵġ
Ҳ˵ƷҩʦʼÿһƷᾺѡǰ츳Ǳʵļҩʦ
Ʒͨˡ
Ʒа塣
ƷϪԼ
ǣŷȴûдԼȥμƷҩʦľĿ꣬ȴǿ˰Ʒ
ڣԼҩʦȼȻ޽ӽƷߵȣŷţҩῪʼμӵ⼸ԼܹﵽƷߵȵĸ߶ȡ
⿴ûʸȥƷҩʦǲҪˣŷ壬ҩôһ
ҩ˿ƾһҩҩЧ֮⣬ŷ廹ֻ֣Ҫ㹻ԽһСƸһСƷҩ
Ҳ˵ֻҪŷͻƳƷߵҩʦ㹻ǿĻôȫƾ賬ǿľȥưƷҩ
ȻԽҩҪĵľƽҩļʮǰٱϡŷԼûʲôġ
ȡ𺳣
Լμҩһ̣ŷѾһ뷨
ǾǣƷϣƷĵһͳͳ£
룬ƷĵһҩʦȫڻҰֻҩ飬⽫һ𺳣
ˣŷűԼ㾺һʱúÿѵһϪˡ
ҩʦһ̣Ұֻҩ֣ؽ´죡


ʮ ҩ
ҩ֮£һҩʦ׳


601 ϣ
ļʱŷ˻ٳʱ̵Ϫ֮⡣ʱ䣬Լҩʦˮ׼֮ϡ
򲻸ˣھҩʽʼǰһ죬ŷ˳˳ؾͻƳΪһƷߵȴʦҩʦ
ͻƵĵڣŷҩһƷҩơ
ڰٱ£ҲͬΪ˳ľƳһӵžżҩЧİƷҩ
ˣŷǳ׵طֻǰȥμˡ
ʼı;ѡص㣬ĳ磬ߴ档
УȻСûκԥŷ;
ڶһ磬ŷһˣͳŷȥ
һΣŷ岢ûдκͳɶŮֻгȥС֮ҩԱš
ֱûʲôͷһᾭִܶΣγɼŮûȤ
ֻŽȥ֮ĴȣǲŻȥۿ
ڣǶŬšŷΪԽԽԶҲǼ
ֻһ͵磬ŷͱǰɽ˺Ⱥŵˡ
ǹģǳأȻҲǿʮϡ
ƽʱʱֵϵȻ٣ȴδйô˵龰¾пģҲûô˵ģ
ԣŷ뵽ˣҩչôǰġ
ЩֻмСһǲҩʦģǰۿµġ
鳤
ȻһŴԵŮڹŷ𣬹ŷתͷһȴѪõͰ׺Ů
ǺǣǾõˡ
Ѫõ׺ãȻǵΪŷ·ġŷͺǺЦ
ѪõͰ׺ŮһЦҲ˵ʲôſԵ֣ǰ·
ŷҲʩųһ֣ϪһС͸ڶŮȥ
һأŷ嵱ȻֱֺײķʽˡҲôʱ䡣
һ·Сʱ֮˲
ʵҩʦ˵һֲ
ǳΰһʹһ㡣ⶰĶϣһ޴ģò֪Ƴɵҩ
ȻҩȻֻǰ裬û˭ܹҩ
ҩʦ˷ֲſڣѾ˳һ顣Źƣµкüˡ
ЩŶӵģȻҩʦˣһƷϵġ
ŷȴ֪Щ󲿷ӦöƷƷƷϵģаٷ֮һ㲻ˡ
ΧǿյһƬطôӵ
ɴ˾ͿԿóҩʦˣ統ӵĵλ
Ҳǣٷ֮ʮŵҩʦ˭˸ڵأ
Ժ򵽸ߵҩˣ
ŶӰɡ
źü˵ĳӣŷһЦ˵
ѪõͰ׺Ǵ˸к뿪˴˵أȥæȥˡ
Ŷӣŷվǰ棬Ϫˡ
վڹŷǰǸһ겢С
˵С߶ѡڹŷ˵үү䶼ˡ
ڹŷվͷһۡ
ʼͦƽ͵ģǵŷǲʱоֳһ˿ɻ
ȻǲףôĹŷôҲ˶
Ҳҩʦ
̲סͷɻɫʵ
ŷһЦ˵ͷ
ŷͷһĨ֮ɫǺȻʲôƵãЩŪص֪֪ǲμʲôģ
ŷ嵭ؿһۣɲ˵ֻǵͷ
֪֪֪ԱȼͶõƷҩʦ
˵ţеĳЦ֮ɫŨ
ͣǰ漸Ҳˡ׷׻ͷ˹ŷһۣʱͶЦ
ЦУǰͲм
Ϫ˶ʱ
ŷȴ΢΢̧֣ϵЦšˣȥ⣿
ԣֱѡӡ
ǣĴȣӣȴᱻΪη塣
Сӣز˵ˣ˵ΪԼһƷҩʦ
˵꣬ʱ̲סٴιЦ̬͵ЦСûɶ
ҲͬЦ
ŷȻ˿û䶯һ£ƽãһž
ŷƽˮ飬ǰ漸ԴһЩЦСȫֹסЦ
ֻΪŷʵ̫ƽˣװģҲװûһ˿һĲ
ңҲɵӣֲ˴棬ΪλŶӣ
ѵ
ѵһƷҩʦ
ǾɵؿŹŷ壬ɷ׷һЦ
ôܣ
ıԴԼƷҩʦԼδ


602 У
ٿŷվŵģԼŭĿӣϪˣǸԼЦŷļˣװ
ܹŷǲƷҩʦɣֻƾ⼸µȻݱˡ
ԼЩֻܿܿСҩʦǲҪµĺáǳʲô鷳ʱɲ֪ôģ
£ҲͿʼ˰˶ŷǸûǷϡһֱ˼ţҩ滯
ٶȵҲʵ̫ˡ˽ʮСʱ֮󣬲ֵŷ塣
ֻǣȵŷ׼ʱǸ꣬ԼЦŷǼ˶ûߣһֱվԱߡ
˼ԣ뿴ŷ屨Ǳʲôȼҩʦ
ֱȼǲκΪġ
һֱҩʦȼϣôӭģҩʦһµƣ
ֵƣҲ͵˵ǣ޷ٹһҪҩ޷ȥҸ߼ҩʦȥѧϰ
⣬һҩʦѣǷǳпĳͷˡ
ԣҩδֹĸҩʦٱڡ
ŷȻҲ֪⼸˴ԭ򣬲ȥ⣿
ҩʦȼ
ŷߵǸĮǰǸ߱㲻κĮʵ
ŷҲ⣬صŷ塢Ұֻҩ飬Ʒȴʦҩʦ

ֹ꼸˵ĮߣҲ㵡
ǰ浹ûʲôƷȴʦҩʦ
ʲôЦ
ҲôʮƷҩʦѣһǳѾãǧϵģ
д󲿷֣أ
Ŷ˷ѩǸֻвʮĳ֮⣡
ǣǰأ
Ųһɣ
Ȼ˵һƷȴʦҩʦ
ǺǺǡ
㵹󣬾Ǹ߶̲סЦ
ǴţҲôŵİɣ
Сӣ¿ݲÿЦģ㻹˵ʵȼɡ
Ϊŷ֪߸еЦԵҲ״ڱҩʦǰ¶ЩЦ⡣
һԵ꼸ҲҡͷʾΡ
ԼǶˣˣʲôĵˣҿţһ񾭲
ţҲû˼ȥȤ
ǣɶǸ߰ҩʦûȥһ񾭲񾭡
׼ߵʱ򣬹ŷȴٴοˡ
ûпЦ
ŷ嵭Цŵ
ʵʵ䣬ǹŷΪ֮
ȻҪ𺳣ǾøҰһЩ£
⻰һ꼸˺һδ㵡
Į߲Цݣ̬֮ǰΪĮ
ֲ֪ôˣý
СӣҪ鱨ĺҪ֪ǻпģ
һص
ŷνص˵ͷҲ˵ˡ
Į߾ؿ˹ŷһۣҲٶԣ¾ֽ˹ŷϣùŷֽһһҲ˿ð䣬ŷ壬ҲͲˡ
漴ŷվһߣϪǰдϡ
ҩʦȼ
ҲΪŷĴţˬΪЩ
ϪҰֻҩ飬Ʒȴʦҩʦ
ϪĻش͹ŷһ̣ȴʵʵڳЧ
Ϫ䣬Ҫȹŷϲ١
ǣȴҲֻѣ
ЩƷʦҩʦһٰϵģ
⣬赽ôһ
Ұֻҩˣһ񾭲𣿣
꼸ˣͷɵðôһ뷨ƵÿŹŷϪ֪˵ʲôˡ
ɱ촽䶯˼£Įվû˵ʲôֱñֽдϣ͵ݸϪ
ֻϸĻᷢһ˿⡣
ŷϪˣƻġ
飬ҩʦ˴ҩδй
Ƕҩʦ˵һ裬Ƕҩһۣ
⣬ǾԲ̵ģ
ǣʱֱֲӾܾǴ쿼飬Ҳ˵ʲô
һܲŭǲż˹ˡ
ŷ彫һжȴֻǱһ΢Ц
ǰˡ
ٶ꣬ȴƷе۷壬ϾҪͻƵƷߵҩʦˡ
ԣԼԼȼĮ߲㵱ȥ
⣬⣬⣬裡Ƕҩᡮ࡯裡
α֮ԼһҪͨͷ쿼֮һҪúƲǣΪǵΪۣ
ǿͷŭ߾ͼʼһˡ
Ҳ顣


603 £
飬Ұֻҩ飬Ʒеȡ
ش
شߣȴǲץˡ
Ұֻҩ飬ǻҰֻҩ飡
ҰֻصԼһҪһȻ˽Ʋã
ţ߾ͲؽĿ⿴Ļͨǻͨˡ
ţЩˣҲʲôƨҰֻҩ˰ɣ
һ
ӲŻֱӿʼһ
ͨǰ߲˵͵㲻ҲǻҰֻҩİɣ
׼˵ĻͨһȴҲʶص˵ͷ
ʲôҩʦ
ƷߵȰ
ͨȻػش
ǾͲֳһ˿⡣
ӹŷ忪ʼϪ֮⣬⼸ˣûһһǧģ
ȴһԳӵƷǸСӸȻ˵аƷȣ
ʲôЦ
ҪĻ⼸ˣȥһµҩʦˡ
ȴֺüһͬһ
ʱȥ룬һרҵϣ
ܺãǺܺá
ҧ˫ֱضŹŷ弸ˣһȴص˵ɣ֡
ͨ
ʱ򣬻ͨҲ߶ԼҰֻصĲƣɫҲ䵭ػش
˵ԼҩʦȼѾԼ׷ص㡣ԼĿ꣬صķǹŷ壬ʦѣˡ
ΣǻҰֻأλͻԻδļҡ
Σҩҫ
󣬲Լ
˿ûȥͨ䵭ʲôҲ˵ֱ־ֽдЩϣȻĮûͨעԼ
ͨҲͬĮֱתͷҲصߵŷվҲûȥһۡ
һĻȴһֱԱ߹ۿ꼸Ǻһ㵡
ҰֻصʲôҲ̫ţһɣ
У롮ˡƽġҩʦˡˣȻ񣿣
ҲɵӣɲΪƥȥ׵ŷˡ
˵ŷ˵ΪǼ񾭲ܸоƺЩѰ
֮ΰɣ¿֣ＥҲˣδ֪飬пû˻ȥɡ
磬˲μӿ顣ʱȷûСʸ񡯲μӴᣡ
ȻٿŷˣȴΪˡʸ֣䰵;ζޱԡ
ŷֻǵһЦ˰֣ͬĮϪȥ
꼸ǻ࿴һۣȻʶԷ֪˶Է뷨
죬һҪʱǰۿһȺ񾭲γαҩʦƲã

ŷ뿪˵غ󣬱׼洦ҼùϢ
εǣ˼ʮ֮ȴûпշ
Ȼҩչߺҩʦķӵ룬ùݴ˵̡
֮£ŷֻдżȥܲЪϢ
ǲ⿪ŵģԿշкܶࡣ
һҹ޻
ڶ磬˾͸ҩʦ˷ֲ
θģѪõ׺Ů
һǹۿŷҩģҲռһЩҩʦϵġ
Żûп
ŷ̧ͷɫȻӽ磬һЦ
ҩʦˣӻ治һĴ
ǿ⼸ˣ
ʱȻһųȺĿͳŹŷ˿˹
У˼֮ɫ
ǼҼǵƺиƷʦҩʦţǺóŶ
аƷһƷ겻˰ƷƷأ
ţư̫ţˣ

һһЦһôЦŷ˵ɫǽһġ
ţԣʵӽˮˡ
ⲻҪ˳Ц
ѪõȺͰ׺ŮȻ׵׷ʲô£Щ¡
ɫȻĹŷˣԼһĻǾͽʲô
ֻȴûбʾʲôֻϽԸֳһ˿ζЦݣο飬ƺҲΪڴһЩ
ŷ˲˵ЩҲоζһһ䳰ֱ
쿴쿴ϣ
ȺУһ˺Ȼǳݵؾ
ϣʲôϣ
һ˲ɻص
㶼ʶ㻹μҩᣬȡúóɼԳΪҩʦ˵ĻԱأ
˾ͺ´½һ㣬ǲžȻ˲ʶϡ
ȴϲڸǣ͵Ͼҩʦ˳ŵһԱ
һðƷȴʦҩʦأ


604 裡
ˣϣԭ˼Ұ
˷æ鵭Įվҩʦ˷ֲſڵϣǳ֮ɫ
ԱߵҲʱǰϵ˭ˡʱ޲¶ϲͳ羴һֶǿߵĳ羴
ԣԭЦ͹עŷˣȫעתǸϡŷ壬Ҳ֮ȥ
ϸоǸĳһģ̳һ㡣
ɫǰĮȫȻûκһ˸еĴݡ
ŷ忴Ǹϵʱ򣬶ԷƺӦҲ̧ۿ˹
ĮŭȵУùŷһĪ
Ұ
ʱ츺ĮߵԣӵȺ΢΢ü
ȺʱͰĿתϡ
߾Ͳص˵ͷָԵϣ¶ЩصλشҶӦ֪˭ˡ
ûҩʦ˳ŵϣƷʦҩʦ
⻰һʱ·Ⱥһ󾪺ͷڡ
ҩʦ˳ųϣǶʲôݵˣ
ҪţǾͱӵаƷҩʦݣ
ĳϣ޲ޱ֮ЩǬǿҲֵ
ˣǼѵһĴҩʦǰˡǿߡ
ǷֲΪԼලμӿҩʦġͨȻû⣬һ
ߺߣ룬֪ģ
˵Į߾ͲһЦĿҲ֮˹ŷϣ˼һרָĹŷ弸ˣ
˳ĮߵĿ⣬ȫ˲ٴνĿת˹ŷϣϵĳͼЦ֮ɫԡ
ŷǺ̬ͷ·⼸ЦĿȫһ㡣Ȼվڣޱϲ
ŷ飬Ǹ߶ʱ
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ĺܴ߶ȣ඼ʮ˵սˣ
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ԲΡΧһӣ¼ʮˡ
룬ǰڷʮ޲棬޲ԱߣһȽϴ̡
Щ޲Ҳ
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ŷֻһ˹
Щ棬ӦþҩʦҩʱλˡЩ̣Ӧþװҩĵġ
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λ
ԱȫĮָ߱򣬵Ʒҩʦ
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Ϫ˶ʱΣҲͬʱð˻档
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ҩᣬСǳûȷʵʵ֮ǰ˴˵𣿡
ŷٲô⣬ʱҲȴûκβسʵ
ûмѹͣȫҲ㰲˶˹ŷĻ
ֻȴûжȥЦŷ֪ΪǶסˡ
˵ŷ弸˵ҩϲûгֹ
˸붼Ҫȥܿ϶һ㡪
ԼĻһŷֱҩʦˣ
ֵӣ˵ɵˡ
Ͼμҩģûĸǳյ˽ԼúκΪҩʦ˺ĳԱġ
Ҫҩʦ˵˸ˣĿ꣬ȻҲˡ
ĮߣԼǸϣҲȻ˹ŷĻ
ʱŭ֮ɫһ


605 Ǳ̤ϣ
ȷҪȷ
ĮһЦУҾ͸λȷ
Ȼùŷ弸˳ԼЩĿѾﵽˣôȻˡ
ҩϾȷĹ涨û飬κ˶ǲð˵Ĳݵġ
£߱һ֣ԵȴļԱߴһЦ䵭Ĺŷ壬߽е̵Ⱥзźá
ƺⰲŵģŷƷҩʦǰǸһˣ˵Ϊͻһˡ
ȻҲΪ棬ҲֻйŷôһԳΪƷʦҩʦԭ
Ϫ弸Ҳܵˡ⡯˵棬ǿȺϣһţǼŶѣԵΪͻأ
裬˶ܸоó
ŷ弸˵Ҳڵһ¾ðܻ档
˭ûʲôرĶΪ֪ҪӱͻȥôһжҪʵ˵
£ɹŷͷȫΧۿһʮ˵ĸֳЦɫĿ£ɫޱ䵭ߵЩ¡
Щ棬û֡
ȻѾ룬ôҾ˵˵ҩĹغͽ
ŷ弸úĮû˼ȥᣬֱ˵أشҶ֪
ͬҩʦ֮䣬ֳиߣֻƵҩҩЧƵַƵٶȺͶҩ̶ȣղžÿƷĻʤߡ
ʤǰһǧˣɼҩʦΧԱӦ
ʤǰһˣֱӳΪҩʦڲԱӦңÿ˶ԻһӦȼҩ
ǰʮ򽫿ֱӳΪҩʦ˵ĺĳԱ޷ܵݡȵȡҩѡʮţҽԼĵʦ
ǰ˽ԳΪҩʦרĳԱ֮⣬ƽʱҩҩġҩҩʦṩңΪҪǣԼȥѡ˭Լĵʦ
һ˵꣬Įֲһ䣺ֻÿƷоѡǰһǧİʮǰҪȥˡ
һϵнԼȥ羺ѡʱȫҩʦը˹
˵ҩά࣬׶ĸоȴǷǳġ
˷˺һ֮Į߲Żӻ֣кǧԱֽͳ˹
ߵҩʦ֮󣬾ֽһӣһٷҩģԼʮҩͳ˸λҩʦԵ֮ϡ
Ϊҩʦʵڹ࣬ЩԱҲ˺һ֮󣬲ڲꡣ
ŷ塢Ϫ塢顢ͨˣ󱻷ֵġ
ǹŷ壬ѹû˳ĮһЦߵŷߣһֽ֣һһҩģԼһҩͳԱߵ֮ϡ
ֻĮЦŵҲЩһƿô鷳ˡ
ֻҪƳһҩҩôͨˣ
ʵҲ⡣˵ĮѹûΪŷһƷҩʦһԭ򣬸ҩҩģ˷Ҳһԭ
ҪģΪμӰƷҩƵģֻйŷһ˶ѡȫȥ˭ʱȣֻҪƳ˰ƷҩȻӮˡ
ŷǲΪȻɫͷֻ̧ԹԵҩۿ
ŷֺӵΪһŭ
˵ʵԴΪҩʦ˷ֲֲ˵Ҷ˲ģ
ǣһӵҩЧƷߵȴʦҩʦ
ݣǸӵʮĩڱԴǿߣǰҲǷǳǫͣڳκμӵģ
أȴôһţģ֪ӺδĳСӸ˶ԴҪǶ㹻ҲǵԼݣ߻治֪Լ᲻̲סһƽŷ
˺üؿ˹ŷһۺ󣬱ֱתȥ
ŷ壬˱ϳ͵һ
лᣬԥس֣ŷԨ֮У
ŷûȥ߱Ŀ⡣˵ֻһ޹ؽҪĽɫˡ
ҩʦ𣬿һԼȴӵûеơ
ΪԷҲֻһ߽ڱԴΪ߶ѣֻԼһײ㡣
ǣҪһٸһǧһҲֻԼָ価
ʨΪһֻϵĺжͷ
ٶ룬ҩϸĿ
ֻҩʱŷͲһЦ
ԼҩԵҩǱģԼͻƵƷߵҩʦưƷҩǸ
һŷҲȻû˼ȥȤ
ҩŷ˵Ǻѹԡ
תͷЩҩʦҲüͷۿţμţ©һְ䣬Ƴֲ
ΨϪˣͬŷһֻԳ˸ԵҩһۣҡҡͷһЦͷ¡
ΪЩҩѱù죬в٣Ƕ˲һأ
˵Ǳ۾ܹƳˣȫѹ£
Źŷôһҩڣмҩ֪ܲģ
ԣֻҪǵȼãŷͻԥóǸҩơ
ֻνЦ˿ĵؿЦˡ
ǣŹŷ弸˵ЩˣΪǲЩҩ̫£
رǸĮߺϣԼ꼸ˣŷģϸ¶ͱĵ顣
Įߺϣ˿̵ǣ̲סֳһ˿Ц
һ֣ĥţǿûͨ󣬵׸ôȥƲǣԼǱǸʲôҰֻصЦݣ
СʱҶ˰ɣ
СʱĹۿμҩĹ涨κ˶ġĮ߲ûѡ
˶ͷ͸¶˷֮ɫĮ߱˵ǺãǾóԵҩɡûеģ룬׼뽫ڰСʱ׼ã
Сʱҩᣬʽʼ
£ҩóԵҩûеľȥԱǶ롣
ŷóģȻҩˡ
ŷҲҩᱻ˭ϳҩǶȻûȫָҪеϢԼ任ģûκġ
ϪˣҲиԵҩЩҩǻҰֻṩȼԹ
СʱܿȥÿҩʦǰҲڷһҩ
ٿЩҩʦ飬һš˷ܡԼڴ֮ɫ
ΨйŷˣʼձǸı顣
ϸĻֳᷢ˹ŷɫȻ֮⣬Ϫ۵ף˸ŨŨĻ档
һ֣Ա̤ϣȼŭ
¶ģһΣҩᣬֻǸ˵ҫ⣬ǹغҰֻҩ飬Ұֻص⣡
׽Щ߰Ĳһҩʦײڽ£޷ƽϢͷ֮ŭ޷衢Цӱ


606 ڰɣ֮սϣ
ΪߴĿ飬ֻҩĻѡΣսģûжݸ߹֮ˡ
ͱ˵ЩʮױԴΪǿߣԼߴĽûг֡
ˣҲ˲ķ
ʲôѾõľŽױԴǿߣʲôһĸʲô峤ʲôĶϤ
ԣ˵ҩѡΣҲһǳʢʢˡ
ٰ֮ʱʱĶǿߣЩѹӰǬǿߣ׷׳֡
һ˭ܹʶľ͵Ƿɻڴˡ٣һӵ֮ĲƸŮԼޱĵλ
⣬ҲҩҩʦμӵҪԭˡ
Щŷǲмһ˵ġ
£ʽʼһӵʱ䣬ŷɴһóһɺζŮģĸͳ
һ֣һҲǳУһ߳Ը㣬һߺŲ衣̬ЩŵҩʦȫͲһ״̬
ɣŷһֱڳĿɿڴ
ΧۿѪõͰ׺ԼϪˣҲһЦá
Լϴ󣬻һ⡣ţûУ
ǸĮߺϼˣһɷ
ŷΪ￴ȫǶʥҩһӣ
һֲˡ
ǣҩûȷ涨ڲʱ׼ԱԸȲġҲõô˵ЩɶΨнŭѹĵףֻȵƲõʱһΪصĳͷƲã
һӵʱܿȥҩܿҪʼ
ǣŷȴó˵Ƶس䲻˿
һĻʱΧЩΰɣд˵ҩʦߣΨŷҲ
ߣ
ʱ䵽Į߲ŭضŹŷ巽һҵ˻йһ㣬ŭҩѡΣڿʼ
һһ˿ɤСֱԱߵ϶Ĥֱĵѵ
ʱûĸҩʦȥˣ߻µһ˲䣬ǰҩע뱾Դ֮ʼҩ
ΪҩĿҲǾʤĹؼ
ϪͨˣҲڵһʱ俪ʼ
ֻǵַȴҪȾ󲿷ҩʦ֪Ķȥˡ
ٿŷ⡣
ǰеسŸ㣬Ʒ衣
Լһˣûп֮֡ȻˣôܷŹԷĻأ
һΣŷǳ׵ĻˡȻԸȥЩ˼ƽϣ
Ƶسһ㣬֣ջ裬Ϊŷڿʼҩʱ򣬹ŷȴٴһóһ̬ز
һ£ĮߺУʱһŨŨɱӵ۵ģͲֿɱˣ
Ǹҿ϶ֻҪŷκҩ޹صΪһ̲סֵģ
ڣ͵Ĺŷ壬Ҳû١̡˵˼ˡ
ӱ÷ʵ˵
ǣŷ˸ǷȻʼĿ⣬Ƶҩ֮ϡ
ĿƵҩϵһ˲䡪
ʱһɽصϢ˲ӹŷϱֻһգۣϢټĻ᳡г
ӦŷϢǣ޲Ŀ˲һͫȻһоǺȻ֮ɫ
ܹۿģ޲ΪױԴϣ߼ʶĸףǵȻܹڵһʱӹŷϢиӦóͬѰζ
ǸϣĮߣԼڳҩʦǡ޲ڵһ̧ͷŹŷ忴˹еľ֮ɫԤǴ˿ľľκˣ
ȻƷϴʦҩʦе״̬
״̬ͺñߵһ״̬Ʒҩʦɶӵҩ϶Ϊһ
⣬ҲΪεƷʦҩʦ֮ҩٳʧһ״ԭˡ
ǣĻǧƷҩʦҲӵУҲ״̬
ǣ˼ƣƺ
ȲϹŷƵʮ֮һ
ŷƱһΰޱߵɽĻôЩƷҩʦϢֻһСɽѣ
Ͳһģ
⣬˵ʲôأ
ڳˣû˭֪ʲô
ζţŷ壬ҲǰƷʦҩʦ
ǣֻƣϣƺԼ֮ȣΣ


607 ڰɣ֮սУ
ţ
һƷʦҩʦ
ңһ䲻İƷʦҩʦ
ȫ˶Ŀۼ˹ŷϣ͵̬ޱȵ޲˵Ǵ˿ĺȻ
ǸĮϡϡԼ꼸ˣԼгЦŷ弸˵Щˣʱֻоƺһ㡣
˵˵ˣʡ
ȫһ˿Ϣûˡ
ʵʵڵš
ٿ״̬֮еĹŷ壬ǧõһȻָơ
ԴΨһЦ
Ϊ𺳣Ÿոտʼѣ
ɽˮ
ֻŷǿհӶؿҩһۣҩڵһ
һ߲ʻ棬ʱʹӶð
Ȼҩ
һδ󾪣ͱŷˮȴ̩ɽĶ
˵ҩ𺳣ǣ겻İƷʦµ˵ȴʲôˡ
ϾҩҲôϡٵġŷݣȴʷһݣ
ԴˣǷѩʲôˣ
뵽˴жޱȵİû֮⡣
ţԼ׸ʲô£ոգڸոգԼȻԳЦͼһѩȲϣϲϵĳҩʦ
ٿŷ塣
ʵŷӵгԽײƣﵽ˰Ʒߵȴʦҩʦ̶ȣȴΪ츳Զϵԭ
״̬ɸΪŷ˼ľ񣬶ĸӦҲΪ
ҩԼıͺ˿̣ҩ·Լһһ㣬ѾԽ˵ӦֵĸоһжƳΪһֱϰߡ
ȣȴȻԱϵһҩģ־Ͷҩ߲ʻ浱С
ֻһ΢ġ͡죬ҩʣ˲ͱƶ߲ʻ֮£ȫҽ
Ҳһ΢죬ⰲһĳУȴһһ㣬ʱͽ˾˹
漴ΧƵġ䡯֮󣬱һɹʲôս֮Ľζ
룬ŷôһ𾪣ȫ󲿷ҩʦƵҩ޲˻ҽ
ȴûȥʲôȲ˵ҩʦʧһΣҲ͵ڶͬһϡֻ˵ܹŷȰƷʦҩʦһҩĻᣬʧһΣȫֵˣ
ΪۿԶԼҩʦҩЩط϶ῴջ񵽵ģԿ˶ǳ
ˣ뷨֮£ȥҩûʱƣڳҩʦڹĦŷҩȻˣǻһ¾ĺã
ֺûᣬǧѵһεİ
Ȼûע⵽ǣĸˣڶҩ
ˣȻˡȻϪˡ
ѹۿŷҩˣ˶ŷϤĽ̵ԹŷƣԼҩ־µĶûжκӰ졣
ŷҩ
˵ϺǸĮ߶ˡ
֮˵ɫͬһӬһ㣬ѿޱȡ
ӶС£˹ŷôһԶѩĳǰûڵú޲Ĩӵ£
ֻáƨ۶ܹóд˵츳Ĺŷ壬ʱ֮󣬽ɳֵز
ˣ˵ԺˣڣҲܹģ
һŷǸǳ˵ĻôһȵŷΪΪϲҩʦ֮һ֮£Լ˵֮ش
𰸣ȻǷ񶨵ģ
ΪȫܹԤֻҪ¼ȥ֮󣬻һʱ䶼ãҩҲҩʦ˵лɽˮضǰŷ뵽ҩʦ棬ĵĳϣ
ҲЩֻе˰ƷߵȴʦҩʦԼѩȳʸεĳ֮λ
ϣȳǰֻһӵ˶ѡ
ʱЩƺѾûˡ
ŷ彫󣬳Ϊҩʦ˺ĳϣЩǬǿ߶ҪֵʵȻǲɱģ
Ϊû˻ȥ룬ŷ᲻ȥܾûܹܾġ
ȻѾôô֮͹ϵͳ϶˴ʱΨһġΪҪ顣
ţͱŷҩע
رϿΪϸΪƷŷΪȫҩʦ֮УҲֻܹ׹ŷ󲿷ҩַġ
ŷһϵδţδҩַ۾ɵñţ
»һԼ˾ѵѧϰᡣ
ʱһ˿һȵİĮԼŭˣ
бѧͽҪɰ֣


608 ڰɣ֮ս£
Ϊ״̬ʹñ͸ӦޱĹŷ壬ĸӦΪ
ԣϺĮ˵ϢŷظӦˡ
ֻһ룬֪ǵ뷨
Դ˹ŷֻǱȻһЦ
Ƕˣ治ֵԼȥԼֻҪԼʵȡϣ輴ɣûйȥ
ǣֻԼԶ޵еֻ۵С˶ѡ
ٶ룬ŷͽ˼ҩ档
ȻֻԼڶƣȴûκĸо
״̬ӳ֣Լ츳ʹֻǵһƣҲǷ·һ㡣
ʲô裬ٻ֮ģڽƷ֮Լϣȫоˡ
ԼƵ¯Ʒҩ͵ġ
ҩЧŷҲ׼ʹҩԣżزڰ˼Ϳˡ
ϾʵǲҪȫչ¶ĺáˣܹڹؼʱȡ󲻵Ч
Լչֵ㹻ˡأҪһʱ䣬ԼԼԼĻҰֻҩ飬ͻ¿
Ҳ֪Ǹǻ
߽аɣ
ҩ
Ʒϵҩʱ϶ҪƷµ
ڹŷ츳ʵ̫ˡ˻Ҫһ죬üʱɵҩȴֻ˲Сʱȫƣ
ҩﳹɣ˲߲ʹâҲ֮֮˶ȻӹŷǷӣȴޱµҩַ˹
ֻٴεԻõС
ǣǱЩҩͼԻסġ
֮ǰŷƵЩҩӵŶصľġ
ȻƷͼˡ
ǣ˿̣߿ŰƷҩȴһ
Ʒͼΰ׳ǿ϶ģڵģȴһԻõɫ档
ֻΪΰƷͼɫ۶ɣֵɫ
ɫľɽѩױƶ䣬峺׵Ĵӣӯӯƣá
ʵҲҩƳҩӵеĶЧˡ
ֻ֮ǰŷ岢ûʹЧѡΪȡΪ𺳵ЧΪ̵ļ䣬ŷȻóҩĶ߲Ч
ʱ߿ͬõİƷҩҩϿգɢӨӨ߲֮⣬ΪЩ֮С
ٿɫȣԼζŨ̶ȣһεſ͡飬Ǵ͡
˼ȻȻǰ˼ҩЧ
ڳˣ޲Ǽʶ֮һ۾Ϳ߿ҩҩЧ
ҲΪ֪Բ㹻飡
Ҫ֪֮УҲֻзѩлɽˮʦͽ˵ҩЧﵽ˰˼ģ
ֳһĹ
ѵ죬Ҫ
˵ĵףðôһ뷨
ɣ
ǵģҪˣ
ңڽ죡µϢȥһ̣
ǲûжٻȥۿ
ΪΪ˱ҩЧʧŷ嵱һУ߿ҩֱװ߸ƿС
ֻŨҩ㣬Լղǹ𺳣ȴ˱Ǽͷþ޷ɢȥ
ѵһڿˮϺĮ߶ˣ˵仰ˡ
ŷҲתΪ޾ĳݺ;Լ֮ɫ
һ˿ǰģ
ڣʲôƲðɶġ
ڵĵǣŷ岻ƲǣǾѾллˣ
ȥƲôһԼ
磬Ҳû˭Ǹʸ
ҩɣŷ֮վǳȻ
һУԤ֮С˵Ҳ׼
תͷϪ˵ʱ򣬹ŷǾͲֳһ˿Ц⡣
ֻԼҩСʱϪˣȴȻ˽ӽһ
ңһʧܣ
ٿҩʦ
ȴǴڴ͵鵱أҩʧܵҩĲûʰ
Ϫ˽ǰǧ£Ѿʮþȵˡ
ȻŷһֱûĹ
ŷĿ⣬Ҳ˵ע
鵭ĮҩϪ֮󣬶ʱȻظǰμӵģĸأ
Ȼû˵ٻʵĲˣôˣҲǲأ
һ뵽˴˶ʱ̲סضһ
ⲻãһһ
ΪȲ˵ǵҩʦƷ˵ûκβ˵ޱȵҩַ˵ǵʵˣ
죡
ʲôҰֻҩ棬ѵȫһɵ
һİƷʦҩʦӣһ겻Ʒʦ
棬価ûǧƷƷҩʦ
ȫǹ
ͬʱͷź


609 
֮עţϪûκβ
ǰҩ˿ΪӰ졣
һ¯ҩɣĿɿڴŵҩʦǣȫع
Ҳ룬Ϳʼ˸Եҩ
ˣǰǧѾǰٷ֮ٵˡûٻȥɡ
һʱ䣬ҩضæһһϰḽ́
ǣʱȴʼ޷ٽ뵽ҩõ״̬֮ˡڣȫˡ
Ĺŷ壬ҲûȥĮɣԷҲûйȻʱҲ֪׸˵Щʲôˡ
ŪãŷеĲˬ
ԴˣĵΨаûںͿЦ
ʱ仺
ŷҩյڵŲ裬أȴٻΪŷʥҩᡣ
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裬νҰֻеĲˡڹŷĴ£гԱֿĲҶ
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Į߿˵ֻȴ۾ŷǱ߳ˡ˵һ֮󣬵ȴԱߵϰٸʦǰȥЧ顣
ŷǰģЩʦһģ϶ǹŷ
ֻȴͣЩҪᶨԼʸᶨ
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УҲֻԼǿǿʸѡ
ŷû˵ֻ΢΢˵ͷһ˿˿ҲֺõЦɢ
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ŷȻһЦû£ȥҲ͹ȥˡֻЩ飬ûȷ֮ǰǲҪ۵ĺá
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ŷ΢΢һЦҲٶԣһһƿոƵҩͳС
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Ҳû˵Ѿޱȿ϶ҩûκŪٵĳɷڣɲŹôĦĺûᡣ
򿪰ƿǹɻԼڿеҩʱٴγ᳡
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ȻֻڹĦǼ
һ֮ջĿ⣬˲ŵ̾ҩƵҩ
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ŨϢ
ĶģѵԼڵ֮ԭ
ǣԼƺûеҲ޷ڵ֮


610 Ϊͽ
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ǣΪӵĵӣӦǹ˵İɣ
ֻҪΪӵĵӣҲԼ˵ʦԼҲͽˡ
һֻҪԼֵúãô˵Ҳпָܱİ


611 
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ŷ¶֮ɫЩҩʦʱϲæԼͬرȭͬغ˵ӵĵܹǣ
Ϫ˵Ʒߣͨ˸ֻƷǵľ츳ȴ˵ǵʦȻǴ´ġ
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Ƭ̣תͷϪˣҲû¶ԥı飬͵ͷԣֻҩǷǳϸģ˵ǼϿġԣϣҪ׼
ԼμҩᣬҪĿҲΪ·ǿߡ
ԭȲûҪҩʦڼȻУǵȻǸˡ
ллˣ
ЩҩʦȻҪ뵽ɵĻҰֻҩ飬϶һܼġ
ԣǲûвԼҩΪ
ãȻˣ֮󣬴ҾͶҰμӿɣͨ뵽ǻҰֻҩ飬ţһǻ޷ջ񣡡
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һ֣ȻΪģֻΪˣԼȷѡ
鳤Լ·ܲԻ𣿣
߰ɣ֮
ŷǺһЦѪõ׺Ůͷ׼Ϫ˻Ұˡ
ֻǾʱ򣬹ŷȻһĽŲҲͣԭء鵭سϷȥ
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𺳸оǶԷʩŵɣһ־µȻȻ͸ѹ
ʱΧ˻ûɢȥһӦƣɫɷ׷һ䣬жʱ˾η
⣬һֶǿߵľη
ŷ壬˵ʵʱҲǶѹǳ𺳵ġ
٣ӳΪ̶ֳȵѹԼδܹ
ѹô˵أͺԵһƬƵɽƵָо
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ʱ򣬹ŷѾȷ˭
ǸʮĩڱԴ۷ǿߡ
ǣ


612 㣬ǹŷ壿
ҩֺЩҩʦԼЩΧս߾ôãȻڵһʱյϢ
ԹŷҲûие졣
ֻǣû뵽ȻѸ٣ŸոһյϢϹ˰ɡ
ŷţҲûʲô뷨
˵Էѹǿ󣬵ŷȴûдио˿⡣˼ͺƵζ
ͬŷŵģԼĮ߶ˡ
ߣϵЦݾԵһ㡣ȻֻǶԱղŶԹŷЦݶԵġ
ŴʦĽǣ
Ҳܹŷֻ֪֪Ҫκһ׽ʱŹ
š
ŷ΢Цͷ
ԶԶģŷͿһٳ߷
ߣûи˭ֻһˡȻñȽϴæȻݣô˵Ҳϼ˵ġ
ٶȺܿ죬գ۱Ͻǰ
ǻĿһɨɻس˳ղŽĿⶨڹŷϡ
ΪʱֻվŹŷĮߣ
ֻǰ˴ŵ֪һЩŷ䡣ۿȴһָоˡ
𾪣𺳡𺳣ͺȻ
ʮȻֻнʮ꣡
ȻĿһΪȻоŷΪȻ׳ڱԴ
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ȥŶĶĳ֣
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Žǰˣ
ϹһЦЦݵӭȥȭЦ
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˵ţæ˵˵
˵ͲٴνĿ˹ŷ壬ŷ嵭ȻϾƵЦݡ
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Ȼֻ˵Ե˵ʱ٣ԹŷʱǳЦġ
ȵȣţŷ壿
ͻȻϲЦݵĶǾһ;
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ţŴʦɷǻҰֻصŷ壿
ǵһ˫ۣǲŵʵ
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ΪƺоŽױԴ
ϵЦѾ֪ʱסˣؿŹŷ壬һƬհס
Ϊŷҩ츳˾ҲͰˣɣΪôҲ죿
ɲΪǻܲšʲôݣ˵Ļм٣
ûеģҵΪֻ߽׳ȶѡ
˵ţŷſΪչʾ
ȻҪ𺳣Ǿñøһɣ
Ǹǻһнţ
ŷΪһʩţΧǣ޲һĿࡣ
죡
ΪǶǽ˵ľŽףɣʮ߽ױԴǿߡ
ңҲŷ䵽Ϊٷ֮ˡ
ţһԽս
Ҳ˵ǽ˵ģŷΪоŽױԴƺҲ˵ùȥˡ


613 Ҫ׬
Ŵʦҽǿˣ
һƽϢһͷӿ˻ޱȾ̾ص
ĻʱΧ˵Ĺ
֪ŷϪѪõҲ̲סظŵ˵ͷ
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ĿĴﵽˣôȻ˳عһЩҩˡƷȰ˼ҩЧҩҲҪġ
ǺǣֻҪŽȻǿԵġ
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Ƶҩﶼ䣬˭ҩƵϣ
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죿ȫˣ
ʥԱŷĻ˵һ㶣׹ŷôͻȻôĶ
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ңҪǣЩˣҩʦ߸ףǲȱǮǵȻſ˺ۡ
磬ҲôҶһ㡣
룬ŷ廹ص˵
鱨ǿ󣬵ԼҲܽҰֻɶѹ鱨档
һ׼Ϊ׵ġ
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ش̣Ϊܴӹŷ̬пǰδе֮ɫ
ȷչʾؽȫµעĿЩ磡
֪Щ۸߹ߴ硢զģ
ҪǷǵùŷ峼أ
ԣҪȫ׼
ȻŷҲôĵġ
Ͼô໥жԵҲ٣ôܻΪҪԼȥ
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ŷֻǴŵذһ£Ҿɢɢææ
ŷ壬ǻصԼСԺУ׼һϵ
Ҫģ˼Щҩʦļ룬Լ죬жźǿͶ
أӦòٵİɣ
ŷЦ뵽


614 £
ŷ壬ʷǿ
Ʒʦҩʦ
ȾŽױԴǿߣ
Ұֻأ
Ұֻҩ飬ľۼأ
Ϣ˲һϵʱ䣬硣
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ŷصĻҰ¼Ҳͬһ㱻˳
һУŲһϣ
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ǹŷڻҰ¼֮¼ǳ˴ԡ漣ԡ
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ŷΪҲʮ˶ѵġ
Ϣһ֮ȴǳԤƵİٱ
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˶˵ӿ룬Ȼޱӵ˳
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ֱӵĻ壬Щԭˡ
ƣһ¼ʱҰԭô׾ݣΪûԴάκεǡ
ǣҪҪŪٴһ㣿
´ڣʥ˫ɢ͵عâʵ
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һɱ˹ŷ壬ǱǺɣʱգһŷɳ֮󣬿£綼ؽûԼĲ֮أ
ΪЩ˵ıһ·Եĵˣ˶ȥɣ


620 һۣ
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󣬵ǹʨһİԵζȴʹ˵Ķһ
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ͬûطһƯСۣСֹߣȻôҲĲ˰Ƶϰߡ
ŷҲԹԵ㿪ţõıԴʯܣٶҲΪǣԼҩ׬ǮĿˡ

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Ѿ˺üμˣĺֱۣʮļ۸򣬱ʮĸ߼ۡ
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һҩճɽۣ˵Ԥϣ


621 ĸǣϣ
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622 ĸǣУ
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Ϊˣֵ¶һȼ˿Լ͵İƷȴʦҩʦ
ңҲԼһҩʦ˵Χϣ
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ŷỳɣֻҪ۸񴫳ȥĻҰУҰֻأؽٴγΪĿĽ㣡
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ɺʥҲٶ˵ʲôֱӱ㿪ʼһƷ


623 ĸǣ£
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ǣҹӥû뵽ǣԼ󣬹ŷȴ¶һ˿ȻЦ⡭


628 Ψӭս
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룬ˣض»ˡ
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ȻˣҲĻˡ
Ļ£ЩʲôģҲšЩˣҲٶǴԼ»ǰġ
ȻǾж˵֮ɫȴʵùŷжһѡ
ߣǸϵˣƽʱͦȺƵģһʱȴֱֳԭˡ治֪ôкϵģ
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ĻٻٻҲ¶һ˿֮ɫȻûϵϵ˾Ȼˡ
ףϰ壬˵ǵϰˣ㿴͹ĵʱһظ֤˵ԺҰֻص£ǵ£κ󣬾޶
أȴһͷڹ꣬ǽͷݣͷڹ굨СһҪϽģ
һŰ˽ĩڱԴΪǿʱҲ˵ˣеı֮ɫԶ׼
Ǿǣ˾ҪϽģȻԺɶ£ǲڱһĺˣ
һҲǸߵ˵ţֻǼᶨͲм񣬾˵ȫʵ
ŷǺһЦڰֵи뷨;ôʵҲûʲô֮
ϾԵߴ磬ҲҪΪԼ
ˣ˻̲סһȴҲٶ˵ߵŷվһӵģ
˶ŷҲûȥ˵鷳֮Ļ
ΪǼȻܹʱԼôѾһ׼
ŷѾ¶˾ģΣܹЩˣ󵫷κ飬Լؽޱذǡ
˵ǵĵȡʲôʵԵĳЧ⣬ȴʵùŷúøжһѡ
ϵǡ
Ҳղ԰ɣʵҲûʲô£ֻΪԼ롣
ɣǽҲֻǷ֮ѡ
ʱ򣬴͹Ļâٴ
ŷĿһȴһΪʮĩڵıߡ
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һҲ޶ŷ˸к֮󣬱ٿٵ˵ѾҪϣϹһСʱԤƻСʱ
ŷ鵭ص˵ͷ˻֣˱漴ȥ
ϸĻᷢڹŷ۵ףӯŨŨѪɫ
ѪɫڻҰ½ЩԴȺսʱŻֵġ
Υˡ
ɱ¾
һСʱڳ˵ͬͨգۡ
ԴʱǶԣȴǹѰ
ȻŷУڴ͹Ļûһǣ͵һȫս״̬
һ룬ûκαġ֮ļӳ֣ҩļӳ֣ҩļӳ֣һԴޡ
ȵȵȵȣеƣ
ֻһ˲䣬ŷ͸оڡءһһǰδеС
ƺڵԼֻһȭܽ춼һ
ŷһúߵȺһ㶣Ӧ˹׷׵ڻԼ̣һս׼
ʱ򣬴͹ĻҲҫϰٵâ
ͬһʱ䣬ŷһ֣ʮ߲ͬʱΡɡȵȵȵһΪǿĸ߲۳һ߲
һУŷԷĿת˴͹Ļ
ֻ͹ĻĹâɢϰٵӰС
վȺλģһ̴棬۵ģޱĮȻġ졯
͹󣬲ûκζһ˫ĮȻ˫۲ɨŻҰֻⷽŶ˹ŷϡ
ʱһɱЫӶŰĸоڹŷ֡


631 ɱɱɱ
ŷβûвȡϴǰ㣬һȺˣɱĴ򷨣ȴΪʮױԴַͲá
˼ֻҪһӣٿȾŽױԴ־ͿʩŶˡ
ԣĿǰԣֻҰûƿ÷ֵġ
ǹŷ壿Ǹ÷зȷѩ츳ߵĹŷ壿
÷һ仰ޱȵĮʡ
ʵϣﻹǷӿκ˵ġ
֮ǰ贫Źŷͻ֮ʱʱҲͬ˷ǳŨĽύ֮ĵġ
Ͼĳɾͽ޷ġ
ǣû뵽ǣһֱ̽ǸɱϹɵ鱨ţȴǺȻϢ˵Ǹŷ壬ǻɱϹɵǸˣ
Ϣ÷һ㵣ҲǲǾװͿûзȥŷύ
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ȴֲԼ뷨
Ϊ֪ʱ䣬ϹڹŷµϢᴫ硣
һԼȥװͿŷύĻɾ涪ˡ
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ʲôųʲôثֵȵͷΣҲ׷䵽Լͷϣ
⣬ĸ޷ܵġ
ԣԥؾͷ뷨
˽⵽ŷԲʲôĴ֮κγ޶ΪѪķʽ⣬ɾǸӼᶨˣҪڹŷ廹ûɳԼϹ֮ǰɱľģ
ͬʱҲţҺԼֵ硣Ȼһȵŷ뵽ҩʦڣΪҩʦ˺ĳ֮ԼɱҲûǸˡ
뷨ƷɵүүҼҲǲ뷨
Ψһͬǣѹûȥŷύʲôġ
Ʒϣӣȴŷɱˣ˵ûκĹŷ壬ǷѩЪ˹ûκμеҲ᲻һеضҪƴ
ԣڵ֪촫ķзŹŷ壬ǸɱԼӵǸ˺𾪹ŷ츳𾪣ڶŨɱ
⡣
ŷ÷ʣûκβʼնŹž޲״̬
÷
ŷ΢ԴаĻȣͬص
÷ƤӾһЩøΪ
ͬһʱ䣬һǿκξŽױԴΪµϢϢ˲ʹ÷ɢתۣҰֻⷽԱ֡
׵ģȻǹŷ屾ˡ
һʮױԴߵ򣬿֪жôǿֻһ֣ҰֻⷽȴŽױԴߺһ֮⣬޲оͷһ޷͵ѹ¡
͸оԼΪֱ½ߣЩΪĶԱֻоԼΪֱӱѹһױԴĳ̶ȣ
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⣬̶ֲֻȵıɽһǶѣ
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ŷΪҪ÷٣Ǳ֮֮ͬʱںϹĵȴ÷˿
Ҳûãѹ÷ǷǲܵģγɵֿǺġ
ŷһͶԵʨİȻƬ֡ҰֻⷽѹƵʵΪŷĳ֣Ȼָ
Ҳǻصƽ
Σ÷ϸüëʱһ
û뵽Ϊֻ߽׳ڱԴĹŷ壬ȻܹԼ
ǶԷ̺ģ·ĻϢ΢ļ֮С
⵽ʲôΪ򣬾ȻһҶе־ڣ
ߣȻʢ֮ʿ罫㴫񣬹ȻЩŵ
þӸλĸ÷𾪣ϻǲ¶ġ
һصֻôһͣô׼Ϊɣ
˵ţһӣһֱϴ͹Ѿۼ˴Լʮߣһ֣Եݱ䣬ɱڡ
ŷ嶨һжʱһ
ʮˣȻһ֧Ӣӣ
⻹ֻҰԳĵһ֧ӢӡҿΪװҪֻҰƬһ
÷ȻԼ֧Ӣӷǳģʮ˴͹֮󣬴͹Ļûˡ
Լһڸ߲ͷʮϹӢӣһոսĻҰֻأӦûκѹİɣ
Ҳ紫÷ǳ˵Ұֻһ֧ɱ񲿶ӣǿɣʱĶǿʲôطȥأ
ôԼ֧սӢӶԿ
Ŷ᣿
ŷֻǵسʮӢһۣûκαصǻУֻȥǲ֪˶ٴӡ
˵꣬ĿȻһ䣬һѪɫ͵شֻҰȫ
չսһдۣһǿʲôľӢʲôɱʲôԵĶħ
𣡺𣡺𣡡
شŷģֻҰƵģ˿Ұɱŭ
ᣬȴһֱǰһеѪ
ΪǲǾӢҲǾӢеľӢţ
һ֧ɵģװ񲿶ӣ
ԣϽˣֻϹһ֧Ļô֣ؽд
ϧǣһСʱ֮󣬽˾ͻᵽˡ
Ȼ룬սҪȥġ
֪ʲô
ŷʶͳֺȻ𣬷·Ծ֮һ㣬ȴƮݵشÿһ˵ĶС
֮һڶˣ
ԣһΣǻҰֻصȷ˴δеΣ档ȴˣֻս
ˣ
սȴʤϣ
ԣȻǰû˵·һǵôǾõ˵ѪҺ˵˵ʬǣȥѻһ·
һ˵˶һѪڣ۾ͨ
ŷҲ֪ʱˣ˿ԥһӣŭɱɱɱ
˿Ұŭ𣬹ŷ׵壬ûκεȴһѸ֮ƣſֱֱ̬֮ЩȻ÷ȥ
ɱɱɱ
ʮֻҰԱҲޱȵͬҰһ˻Ѫ˫ۣͬҰһŷ󣬺ηسŶԷʮӢӳȥ
ԣΨɱΨõ˵ѪҺʬǣܶѻһϹǵѪ·
ߣƵͦ˵ġȴֻƣܴʵ
÷ûȥԼĹŷһۣȻԹŷ岢̫⡣
˲м˵һ֮һӣȴޱĮȻصȫɱˣ
˵꣬ڽĿ˹ŷ塣
ֻȴ͵صԲϸ˫ۡ


632 սʮףϣ
˵ŷʵ˴ޱǿ߽ΪܿһŽڱԴǿߵǿȡ
ǣȲ÷಻ŰɣţҲ⡣
Ϊ˵ǾŽڣ൱ھŽĩڱԴǿǿȣҲ
Ȼһŷǿ͵ԼЩļµʱǿ֪ġ
оŷʱ۵ĹѹͲʲôŽױԴ˿Լǿ󹥻
죡һ߽ױԴ
÷ŵš
żĹŷ壬ֻʱѹͷ𾪡ʱɲκС
һ˫һϸͳС
ȻҲ˫
Į̬ڷЩ仯øЩһͳŹŷ弫ٳȥ
ڿУ似Ѿʼᡣ
һ֣Ҳûκ֣Ȼ˻ᣬ̽һ̽ŷĵס
ʮױԴǿߵĹƣӹɵġ
˻ڼʮ֮⣬ŷҲоһǿѹȸгԼѹ˹
ⲻѹƣǿȻȻγɵѹȸУ
ԣ¹ŷʱоԼĺЩˣҲûʲô취ȥֿ
ѹȸҲֻЩʶѣʵûκӰ졣Թŷûκ߲֣ͣͣŰʽͳɱ
ͬһʱ䣬ֻҰͶԷʮӢӣҲǼɱһ顣
ֻΪװǶԷĲӸʤһ
ֻҰⷽȴʤԼ˶ż棡
Ҳ˵ԷʮߣƬҪֻҰⷽǿһ𣬵ֻҰⷽԽս£ΪƣǵȻ޴ģ
ټֻҰⷽһˣʤһֻҰⷽĿԣ
ò˵һΣȷ÷ԴԼߴսǿ磬˶СһĹ˼ά
ȻĻľӢӣʮ򣬶ʮˣ
ûֻҰĵ֮󣬹ŷעŵ÷ϡ
ʵ˵ʵ÷ŷʵûʲôĵġ
ɲûİɣսҪսģңҪڽ赽֮ǰɱ
٣ҲҪһ
ˣܱ֤ܡ
ٶ룬ٴһȫԸע˫֮УٶȣҲ״޳̡
˫ӽ
һ̣ȥսе˫ʮ⣬˵Ŀⶼۼ˹ŷ÷ϡ
Ϊǵʤܣغս
ɣû˻Ϊŷʤ
ж̾ϢţŸոճأҪزˡѵӢţ
ߣɱȥȥɣ
ۿҪ÷һߣ˫ֽԥλ̳һֱ̹ŷʺһֱȡŷС
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ԣһƿ֣һֱȡȫпܵģ
ȻҲûκεĵġԼˣŷҲͬƿԼ֣ȻֱȡԼ
õ
÷һߣҲͬûȥŷĹҲһķʽ
һֻ֣˫˭ʱȽǿˡ˭£һ֣˭䣡
÷֪ŷ壬ȴԲǸˣ
ֻӣڻҰ½ЩԴȺŷҲȫһƴɵļƾܿսŷѾħС
ˣ˫ԽԽӽ֪˫Էʮ֮ʱ÷¶һ˿⡣
ʱûȥѡΪţŷ˵Ǹ
Ȼֻжʮףʮףֱֻʣ֮ʱ÷ǳ׾
̧һȻŷ˫Уѹûκ;⡣еģֻĮȻһеĵȻԼηļᶨ
Ͳ
˵һ֪ʲôķӣ
÷гƵţǣŽֻʣ²׵ľʱʵǲȥˡ
ΪˣҪģ
μ֮£÷ֻٴһȣ͵һתλŹŷ̳ĹҲһתŹŷ˫ضȥ
ôľ룬ǲܵˣΨء
ֻûпǣĹŷ壬ʱȴֳһ˿Ц⡣
󣬱ŷԭѾĹٴμӿ屶


633 սʮףУ
ҩʦܹƵҩֻôļ֡
ȥǿʵġ˵ġǱġȡġפյġϢġġȵȵȵȣǻǿĳһҩ
ҩ뼤ǱԼȡ棬֮Ϊҩ
ǽֹ˷ãҩһãŷǳصĺ֢ڡ
Ȳȡ֡䡯̬ɣⶫͲõġ
ֻ˵ǼǱҩ֮󣬱ض½εΪ
һҩ֮Уһֺ֢˿ڼǱҩڡ
٣
ͬΪԼԼõǿšѪ
ȲţŷΪһ䲻⣬ȾͽһŰƷģӹٶȵҩһֱ¡Ϊģǵȴһ̵
ҩúͺ֢þͲö˵ˣ֢Ҳǻ½εΪ
ֻΪǿٶȣ½ôΪһµˣɲôɡ
Ȼҩ뼤Ǳҩʹã
ǣŷͲͬˡ
֮ڣȡҩĺ֢ŷ岻֪ܲΪȥ֮⣬нҩĺ֢ŷŶܹ֮֮£ɢ
ʱ򣬹ŷһƶٶȵĽҩû̷Ϊһ䲻⣡
Թ
÷عֵŷͲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ȵģһʱ̣
ٳɣо֮£ûκθõҩЧɢŷԥٴμӴ˱Դ֮
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֣÷ıʩţȼӦǵͼȡ
ȻϾҪͻƵмĵͼŷȴ֪ƺϾҪͻƵãʵϣûи꣬ͻƣ
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ˣ÷ķҲֻǵͼģŷ岢ûие⡣
⣬ǹŷ뿴ġ
ۡ
ûжô𶯣ֻһ죬÷ǲ߲֣Ť˼֮󣬱Ӧѡ
˴Լһİʽ̶ȻתΪ΢ŵ÷ؿȥ
Ȼ÷û뵽ŷ徹Ȼôһֵġ
ʱЩһжˣʮױԴΪ£ҲΨؿŹŷĹ¡
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Լǰ㰵졣
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Ȼûж÷ɱϵӰ죬𶯣ȴҲܵˡ
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ŷԤϡ
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ʱŷֻоԼӯþͷ·ûһ㣬ƶٶȣȻҲ屶
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Դ似ĺôҲһ֡
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÷ȻڲصˣһиӦ֪ġ
ŷ徹ת۾׷ԼԼЩļµĹʩչʱǳ׾
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÷Ŀֻ֮ʣŷĹҲڵ
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ǰƬѩ׺û֮⣬ز֮£˵һƬѪģˡ
ΪصСԼ䣬޴˿ɼ࣬ҪʮױԴǿߵʵǿ඼Ѿγ˹̶Ļ޴˿ڣǳɶıضȫ©
صĻ㡣
ֻƤ˶ѣҩͲˡصģǱŷ𶯳ˣ
ֱӾͽ÷óһĻɾΣˡ
ҧأ÷һ˫ϸ˫ۣԹؿŹŷ壬ģ޲ҪƵá
裡һ裡
ԼʮױԴǿߣȻӵһغ𣬾ͱһСС߽ױԴ߸ѹŴȫûκλ֮
ǣղһ㣬
һҪɱһҪʬΣ
ȻԼͲؼˣֱӷײˣ
ΪʷδֹʮױԴ߽߱ױԴģ
ٿŹŷֿʼ۵÷Ŀʱһݣ֪ԼٲȡʲôʩĻ˵һ棬ܿĻᶪ
κ᲻õ뷨һڱڵʱӿ˲Լγһ߲֣Լڡ
Ϊڵɣʱ޷ֻܲȡ֣÷ΪһӶʹõķʽ


634 սʮף£
Ϊֱӵõıȫȴʱ䣬һܹʩų
ңˣһ˲ֻֿۣҪ飬һգǿһֱϵʩֵġ
ۡ
ֻһ죬Ÿո۳֣ͱŷ󸫹飬Ҳֻ˹ŷһǰʽһҲ˵Ҫ۳֣ȫסŷֹ
ɵ÷һһûĵס˹ŷ󸫵ĹͬʱҲӦѡ
ŷҸҲٴϮ̣һ½һ£÷ʱ䶼ûУޱȰԵ
ٿЩΧսȺ˴״̬֮С
Ƕ֪ʲôʻĵˣţ÷ʮױԴΪǼٵģǹŷ岻ֹ߽ױԴΪ
һȴԿ϶ֻҪҰֻضȹѹأôʣؽ̤糬У
ֻǣһ뵽һҡ
˾Ͳ̾Ϣҡҡͷ
ֻһϹҵĻʤĿܡټһ˿ĽңҰֻؿɾѿ
ֻǿϧһţҪ׵زˡ
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˵ʮֻҰͶԷʮӢӡ
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ʱֻҰԱڣԸʮûκѹġ
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635 Ҫ
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ٵؽӽšǼ䣬˫ĹѾǾֻʮˣ
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ʱ򣬹ŷкУ֮ǰǹͻȻĸоҲٴγ֡
ΣָоȴҪ֮ǰֻǸӦһޱµĸӦͷ֡
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638 ֶ
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ڹŷǳУƺ߰ٶʮΪϸϸһŷȻ֣߰ٶʮΪ֮ǳҲǳ۶ɵԲƵǳ׳ۺΰĵز
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ڣͿ˫˭ĹԼʤһˡ̽ԹʲôģԼȫû˱Ҫ

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֮ǿ˼ѹ˲Ƭ֮ڣҰ羡ǣ
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˫ۣȻǿȹâʹͨ˫Ϲȥ˵ҲֻǴ۶ѡ
˶ȥӳģͬʱɶӰƺҲͬʱȻ󣬱̺Ѫ֡
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鲼ĸִС˺ۣȽ÷˼࣬ǣ˿̶ϵ̺Ѫһ˫˫ʱҲǲѪ˿
һ֣ɣŷΪء
ҪΪ͵߽ĩڱԴĻ£ŷ˿̶Ѿһ⣡


641 ս
ŷأ÷Ҳܵȥ
Ϊ֮ǰܵ˲̶ͬȵƣԣһ£Ҳһܡ
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һֻعѾȫԿ϶Թŷʱչֳʵ㹻ʸһս
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Ŷһ㲻ͬǾǣŷҲԽǿ

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˶ȵȫȻ֣ɫļ˿ȴѪɫմȾҲϸСġ˿ڡ
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642 Ű
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ΪǸоԼԵĸͲһߣһ߲ʼıԴʯ
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вǱʱԼҲҪҩĳ̶ˣ
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643 ͻ
֪޷γЧԼˣϹŷ⹥аٷ֮ʮĿܻ
аٷ֮ʮս֮ش
һ󣬽춼ǵļˡ
϶ǲġ
ȻüǱҩ໨Ϊ½ǣܱȶҪǿ
ԣڹŷ幥ϾҪ֮ʱһݣһһżǱҩͳСҲ룬һȥ
ɫͬʱڶ֣Ǵ˿ݣʵԵЩֲ
Ǳҩһ£Ӵʱӿ۹ٶȣҲǿ˺ü
ֻת۶ѣһ߲־ͽСеҲ˲۳ҩ֮󣬹Ҳ˺ü
ųĹŷ壬÷˸ɱ⡣
֮ǰûգ˼֮ȫԿ϶һٽŷɱ
ȻܶԵΪ½
ȻȲʤȯΪԽŷһٻɱ֮ʱȻȴʽ䡣
һĻҲ˲˴״̬
ֻϵĹŷ壬ԭѾޱǿƣͻȻһ䡪
˵ǰŷƣһƾ޷Ļôʱŷʩųƣ޷γǾɽ
ǹҲ͵ǿңǿãǶΪ֮ļ£
⣬ô£
ոջĽ÷ˣӦŷǶΪ֮ǿ޲ĺȻ
ʵ޷⣬ڹŷϣ׷ʲô£
ѵͻˣ
֮ǰͻ˺üλôôô
ѾҲκδʻݣģһж
Ƕ˵ľˣΧԼսеˣǱͿ֪ˡ
սе޲ͣ˹ĿɿڴؿħһӰпڸֹͣˡ
ֲòȥ֮ǰһֱǻԺе⣺ʵ
ȻΪͻƣ
˵һ⵽ٴս;УܹһһΣûκλۣûκƵͻƣ
ǣ̶ֳܹ
£Ҳǰʮ֮һɣ
ţһ̣ͱսסע
֮󣬽÷Ҳ˲
ҧҧֲʼ˹ġ
Ǳҩܹʵҡ
ǣʱĹŷ壬ȴСӵ
Ҳ˵֮ǰƲȻ޴棬˸ΪΣյľأ
֮ǰǰٷ֮ʮһ£ǰٷ֮ʮˣ
ŷĹ룬Ҳˡ
ס׸Ǻã
ãȻ
Ӳ
ٷȡҩǺĻ
ʱǲʼûڣûȲôõĻΪβӣȥ˼ʲôƨ棬ȵʱҲӲˡ
ѵҪ
뵽˴͵Ъ˹ķ֮С
Ȼôһɣ
û˿ԥҲ·й飬£һһȡҩͳС
ҩóʱΧʱһƬǲŵľ
ŷ壬ʷȻԲʮͣȵǧʮױԴǿߣòȡĵز
죡
ͬһʱ䣬ðģΨһ졯֡
ˣǿǿǴʱĵ𺳺ͺȻ
ŷǵĶǣͲһааĻȡ
죬ΣˣǱɣ
ҩ£һأһѪɫ
ʵҲԭлϣǿ˼κһˣܱʱĹŷˡ
ԴˣŷҲԤϣҲ˵׼
׵ľ룬ɷǳ졣
ԣڶ˷ҩһǣŷĹڵ
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Ⱥľ죬ƺ֮ӰԼٶȷˡ
ͬʱΥ˵̺֮ɫҲڿγѪɫ
һֹ˾Ƿ׷ˣ
ٿ˫ɵľ룬ŷ˴Լһǧף˰˰ס
ŷ壬һ˿·硣
ɣĿǰĻ󣬹ŷȻ
ԣͣ󣬹ŷ죬Ҳ˵ס
Ȼŷ飬ȴһȻתΪޱ
ֻͬסεĽˣʲôԼһ㣬÷Ȼ뿪ֱֱŻҰֻǷȥ
裬һЦŹŷ
ٿ÷ȥķ򣬺ȻΡɡսȻҰֻһڸ߲ڣ


644 ҿΪ
һƴɱУ÷˶Ҫŷɱǲܵˡ
ôҪθŷأ
ɣǻɱΪںˣ
ԣֱӴ̶ɽعŷ壬÷ȥɱлҰֻصĸ߲㣡
ǣҲ˽һĻ

÷ɵԽԽŷʱѵطһŭһԥóһȡҩȥ
ŷʱѾûʱȥ룬ȡҩܹ֮ܲҲҩЧա
Ļŷ壬ҲԲκһ˳⣡
ʱ÷Ѿӽεˣû˿ɣе˫ֽͳǻն¡
ʱϰ׳ȵĽâһƲɵƳȫû˳ȥ
֮ǰŲٻҰֻصڡǣĹ£޲ͬһ㣬һȺһȺصȥ
գۼ䣬ǰ

սɷԼһ˷׷׷һ˻𣬿ǣʱǸϾˣֻͨ˫ۣŹŷʩŵЩ߲֣ܹס÷һֹ
˵ܹ˼ǵΪҲûκεġ
ٿءչˡγɵˡ
ȻҲע⵽÷ĵǴϮʱȴѡ
ôʱ䣬ǸûǸӦʱ䣡
ȡʮױԴǿߵĹжǿ
˵ְ߲ɣǵסġ
ҲҺ÷ĹȱȽϴ󣬲ǵĳһ˵ģ˵ȻޱȿֲҲûдĻġ
ǼϷ
Ҫ˵ʱ侲ģˡ
ǰڻҰ½ʱ֪ŷ徭ٴԵսԼһΡ
Ժܿ侲æһԵĳɡѦ¡uu漸Ů˵
εĻŮһͷ£һ𣬶Ϊֶ߲ɹŷʩţԶȫͨڵģûκ谭˵־ȫںһγһ޴߲֡
սɷХᡢշѩȵȼˣΪȽսһֱǸŸï̻ϵ˵ġ
ǶôˣľȻˡȻμŮܹ뵽һ㣬Ҳ뵽
ǣ˷׷һͻһͬγһ޴߲֡
˵ȣɳӡκ˶ġ
Ұֻظ߲㣬Ψ֮ǰһֱԹȲŲŸոռս˾ȽԶĺƶԼһֱԵĳΪΣա
ǲΪǳͣңƾǶں߲֣֮ȫ͵ֵס
һĻҲó̻γɵע⵽ˡ޲׷״󼱣ǳ˵֮⣬ûİ취
غͺƶԼҲȻע⵽һ㣬ƶŵСˣһʱͲ֪Ǻá
أҲһ˿֣ǣȴǶԼģǾֺƶİΣ
ֻһ̣оһᶨ֮ɫһ˵ļᶨ
죬أҲ콫ںһɣǻһ
ƶæһԵĳ˵
˵ĵڣѾײ˱ȽϿǰ֮ϣɣǵ֮飬ҲֱֱǧףЩ֮⣬ȴҲûˡ
ײǵĹҲ˲٣Ϊ֮
Ȼ󣬱Ǻεˡ
һ죬ǵҲӦѣǵӰͬһǧףһ׷׿Ѫ
һ£ֱӾˣڲûΣա
󣬾սˡ
Ҳһģȫ˵Ĵ۱ס
󣬱Ǻƶͳضˡ
˵Ŀ⣬Ҳ۵ϣΪУֻΪΣյģ
أ㻹ʲô㶰
ضҲƶǳ׵ļҲǰأôȹؼʱ̣ȴɵأ
ʣ˲ԼŮӣ
߳ص֮СҺԼһֱûдӦ֮ʱغȻǻعͷ
ϣûκο־֮ɫҲûκαɵļ
Ψѿ죬ǺɵЦĺģԼޱȵļᶨ;
ƶԱɵӸһ㶣ûӦصǷʲôɶأغȻ˵ƶ֪һֱңҵΪҵʣûκ
ǣȴİġ
Ϊߣʲǿҡ
ȴΪ
˵꣬ͼغȻ̧֣֪ʲôʱҩ͵ضȻһתͺԥ˺ƶǰ
ƶһ̣ȴ˴͡


645 ±ӣϣʸ㡣
ڳתһ˲䣬͵ڶһ±屶ࡣ
˲Ѫɫ
⣬ǷȡŻ
ʱǹҲڵ
ڹһǣǺȻعͷȻɵ㶵վԭûлȴ֪ʱմĺƶþƶңأڴ֣صȫźҰ㣡ĺð㣡
Ҳϣ±ӣʸΪˣ±ӣɣ
һֵʱ򣬹Ѿǽû
ڹûһɲǣϵıûб
ʼգǺɵЦţһ˫ţۣ޾Ͱؿźƶʱ䣬Ҳ·һ̶񡪡

ͬһʱıǳɺͳ̻϶ˣһǺƶ
Ϊزϧ̷ȡҩǹ͸ʱѾˡ
ײںƶ֮ϣ߲ҲӦ飬ƶȴվԭء
أڹ͸֮ʱѾǴնϣǹǿ𶯣ֱӾͽ°Ϊࡣ
ϰãʵϣѾڵԴһУ÷顣
˲òˡ
ǣڴʱصϣȴûκʹ֮ɫڡǸ飬ţۣ˰;źƶ
ȻͫѾɢû˿ɫʡ
ǣݿԺԥԼľȴġ
أأ㣬㲻ģ㲻ġ
ɳ̻϶ˣʱ޷ˣֻɵɵؿһĻ
ƶڻعĵһʱǰȥһѽֻʣģĳرڻǴѪҺմԼƯȹˮѲգһһ
ǣӦģֻг𽥱ԼǷ·㲻顣
ûĳأƺܹܵƶԼ»ҲƺܹܵԼѾõŮ˱˻ǣǻ¶һ˿Цݡ
һ˫ţۣϣǰƽ
أҴˣҴˣʵǰģңңֻҪҾͼ޸㣬ҾŮˣ㣬òáòá
ڳسױ˫۵һ̣ƶҲоԼҲ֮顣
Ϊо֪ӺοʼǺģԼ֣Ը⾲أ벻ԼػԼӰԼŹȥ
ֱ˿ȥ򡪡
ԭԼǰģֻΪ֣һʼ˹ŷ壬ǸңɼˣŻʼշϳصĴڡ
ǣѾˡ
ˣԼûץסˣץҲץס
ƶųص޵ɳˣȻ߶ţأɣֻҪҾŮˡ
ɻӦģǳһļž
ɺͳ̻϶˴˿̶վǶѾָ˷Уǣȴûйȥ
Ϊ֪ģںƶĻ
εȼŮڳɵߣǣС֣
սɷˣĬȻؿһСȻ֪˴սۣԻȥ
ǣȥ֮ȴǰѹ֡
ʱ÷һݵЦݣ˫ٴ̧𣬾׼۵ڶֹ

ŷޱ̷ȡҩ֮ûʱȥ֮ûн为ȫա
ʣģǼȥΨпŭ֮µɱ⡣
صʵǿҲûʲô֮
ǣȴԼˣ
ҲҺãزûг׻⡣ǰ㣬ǹŷ壬Ҳǻ
ڣֻҪһҵ˳ΪļƷĻǿԽ¸ġ
Ҳڴʱŷֿ÷ʼ𹥻ˣŷǳҪٸһεĻҰֻˣؽ޷⣡
ԣ˿ɣٱ屶ʵŭ𣬰ʽգʩչֱֱЦĽȥ
һ֮һ˿սͼٳ÷Ϯȥ
Ǳôŷ岻ҲЩˣҲᣡ
ŷȡҩ֮һЦ
ΣɱԼӣֽԼȵ˾صСӣҲһ
㹻ˣ
ԣŷȥԮҲǸһ˹ŷķ
ڹŷǵѾûȥںûȥ
ΨһĿģǶһЩʱ䣬÷й
£Լ˶Ҳֵˣ


646 ŭ

ٴǰŷ͸оһѪӿ
δ˷ŭڴڹŷԺеģֻ޾ɱ¾
ǣȴ֪ԼˡҪģǴ÷УԼЩȫ£
һҲʲô⣬ŷ嶼֪Լ᲻˶ħ״̬
Ӵˣ١
ŭ֮ʩչĹǿ屶ģ̶ֲȿ֪
˫ٴ𣬵أŷȴ裬һһİʽʩչγһŹ֮ȫλС
֮󣬹ŷӰٴٶȣѾһ÷ȥ
ʱ䣬Ҳȥ˴Լʮ룬Ҫأֻʣʮ룡
ˣŷѡ
һȫȥԮءȻֻʣʮ룬ץһˣǿľ񣬱ʩչʱ仹Ӧ㹻ġ
ǣһĻ÷ĹؽѾ£
ȥֵ÷ĹһأƱʧȥĻᡣ
ܵ˵ȳأε˶һֹȥ
εˣأ޸Ļᣡ
뱯ʹеĺƶɡ̻ϡԼлҰֻˣٿЦ÷ԼԼУȴû˿־壬еҲֻǿЦĽ裬ŷоԼڵѪҺʼȼ
ûѡֻܷأ
Ϲ壬ңҹŷڴ˷ģҪκй˾ɱȮ
Υҹŷú
ֱ֮ƾþƬ֮лص
ŷ޾ɱ¾ϢĻ˶Ϊ֮
Ц÷ͽЦһΪǺɹŷ廰ĿŶȡ֪¹󣬹ŷؽԼԼĺȫնɱ
ңȮ
ָֻܿЦ
ΪȻ뵽ŷ壬ɲҲǷȡҩ
ûĻҰֻأǻҰֻ
ٿŷ塣
һ۳ʼ꣬ŷһҧٴμӿٶȣѾķ֮÷ȥ
÷Ҳ˹ŷĶ۴еٶȣûŷǰ̬
Ψٶȿʼֻۣܹڹŷϵ֮ǰʩųȥ

ŷ˻ûʽȻһǧ׵ĸâޱȵĿŭӭ泯÷ȥ
ǧ׸â֮ǿֻնɫģ޾ڶһѷܿжôֲ
˶ɣһǽ÷ҩ֮ȫʢ״̬ҲΨ·һ
һǣҲᣡ
÷ŷϾͻһ˿ޱȿĴЦ
Ҳͬһ㣬ûȥŷĹԼĴС
һ룬Ҳڹŷ幥ۿҪ֮ǰĴУҲɡ
ûκγɣ˫һٴλ׳ȵĽâεȥ
ۡ
ʱһ⡯屬֮𣬵÷ҲĹԶ跽򷢳ġ
ȴûκηģɹԹŷĽ裬ڹŷǹ֮£ر߰˿飡
ãˡ
÷ĹҲѾϾҪ
ֻŷѾûʱȥ˼ô͵һͬ˲һ㣬ͳ÷֮ǰ
Ȼ˫͵̧һŭ˫ٴѹ£ֻ׸âӭ÷׽â
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ۡ
أŷĹûסâ÷ĸâ÷һЦУҲ˲ͽ˺ѳΣ
ͬģòˡ
ԴˣʮױԴǿߣӴڴˡ
ǣŷȴôҲ˲
Ȳ۳ȥı˺ͷŭ˵ʧԼ֮ĻҰֻضԱùŷôҲ޷ˡ
ű߰˶εĽ裬ֿ۱ε÷ŷһߣȻһͳ嵽ǰһӣ㽫ǵսҩ
ŷ岢ںǵãǼˣҲҪǵꡢɻң
ٿѾΪԼ峤ȥɵģʣ࣬ȴҲжʮĵзԱŷ͵һ֣ޱغȵȫɱʬΣ
ͬʱԼҲһָһ͹ֶƶһ㳯ɵĶԷԱɱȥ
ɱɱɱʬΣ
ʣµĻҰֻضԱҲһһֵܽõȥ֮ɱۡ
ŷɱŭȣҲͬŭһŴδеĿŭɱֱȥ
ǵģɱǻһҪʬΣ


647 
һУŷֱþƹԼǵһʱ䳯ųڷȥ
ʱ򣬻Ұֻи߲㶼˳ԣ䶼ޱȱʹ
ƽʱʣڻҰֻҲûеʲôҪְ
ǣȴ֮ĹϵǺЦݣӡ̡
ǳûκĻشˣ˽ԼֵܣԼĺ
лҰֻسԱϵҲദǢһˡ
ҲǻҰֻΪڶ̶֮ڣȡ˾ĳɾ͵Ҫԭɡ
ǣ죬ȴˡ
뿪ҲǻҰֻش뿪ĵһ߲㡣
ˣ˲ļΨпųǰ̬ĬȻ
ٿƶ㷢ɢңƯĻȹҲմȾϳصѪࡣ
ǣȴûκθоֻǽԼĽսڳȻϣˮ˫۴˿ɡ
ŷʱ˶̧ͷһۡ
ǣһۣдš
ղţսַǳգŷ˵սٶʵ̫죬ǣҲֻܿ˸Ӱ޷ŷľģ
ǣŷ֮͵ؿŷϣȻǲһѪɫ
ʲô
ţŷҲȡҩ
һ£˶
ѵ죬ŷҲҪ뿪𣿣
ţŷ壬㣬ôôɵ
κͳɴؿŹŷѪɫֻоԼ࣬Ҳڴ˿ֹͣ
ˮ˲䣬Ҳ˿ն
ҲҪԼȥҲһȥɡ
ŮֻᣬûзޣҲûоʧ롣
ֻһһߣ˹ŷĴ֣ޱᡣ
ϸᷢ˫˸ŵޱȼᶨĹâ
ȥˣԼ˻ʲôأ
ǵ࣬ΪȻֹͣˣǵҲ
ǵĻŷһ
ͽʶ̽ڡ
ղôһᣬԼԼȡҩˡ
Ҳ֪֮ܲܽ为ҩЧա
ʶ̽룬֮Ӱŷϸϸһоʱϲط֣ȻԼڳӯżǿǣûκθôڣ
Ҳ˵ȡҩ֮һԽգ
ùŷǿϲ˵ԺԼҲüǱҩƵģҩսˣ
ʱ򣬺Ȼŷоһ
͵ظӦһֱԼ֮ڣ޷֮Ȼӿһ˿
æʶ̽ŷʱһ
ΪԭϻҪСһ˿֪֮ʱѾʮң
ڵֻ֮ϴСˣ
ѵΪȡҩԭ
ѵȡҩ֮
ŷ岻⣬ʱѾûʱȥĥЩˡ
ΪȫӦ֮ʱ򣬺Ȼһ΢Ϣ֮˹
ޱ΢Ϣ֮ʩţ紫ݹġ
΢ϢŷޱϤ
ǳصϢ
⣬ô£
أѾȥΪλܸӦϢ
һ֣ʱùŷ𾪣𾪵ͬʱǿϲ
ǺιʻܸӦصϢɣֻ˵ʱܹӦõǲ˵ȻŸĿأ
ֻǣҪȥŷڻ
˻ᣬŷ϶ǲŹġ
ԣ˿ɣȫ֮ȫӦصϢǴĶݹġ
һȫӦ΢ĲƺҲ΢ǿЩң˳صϢ֮⣬ŷ廹͵ظӦͬ΢Ϣڣ
УϤģҲвϤġ
ЩϤģȫѾȥ˵ĻҰֻسԱģ
ЩϢǿŷҲĥһǾǣԽģϢԽǱ
֮ǰȥĳأϢΪǿң
ûȥЩϢҲûȥо⵽ǸʲôΪŷоصϢҲؼš
ȫӦ֮Ҳٴδݹһ΢ķǳڵķ
ֻȴǳɢϢͷ
ŷ˫ۣҲûȥˣԹԵذָ֮ķ򣬻ųͷϷȥ
ԽǿϢԽǿҡ
ԽŷҲǸӦصϢҲһǷʮͬʱɢġ
ң⼸ʮϢǲϷţת۶ѣͷϰٵ
ѵǳ
ŷ뵽


648 ˭ˣ
˵꣬һޱµĶ
ǰˣŷӦģֻǶԷȥȴδӦꡣ
ڣ֮İ£ŷȴֿ϶ԼӦģǳص꣡
ֻҪܹסôͿ¸
һ֣ʱùŷޱ˷ܡ
ˡ
Щ꣬׸£أ
ôһѾַֻٶƬһ鵽ôǻ֮ҲܹӦõˡ
ڹŷ尵Խʱ򣬺Ȼһ
ǰԼ꣬ɲǱҩˣ
ص꣬ǲҲԱձסأ
һ룬ŷʱͰ಻סͷܣæָ֮˫ֲϻ裬в˳ص
һԣùŷ޲شЦ
ΪܹޱظоԼգصܱ꣬ҩսҩռ
ңսҩռ֮һֶ߲ʱƾճ֣ս꾡С
ֽص֮󣬵ڵ֮һȻ뵽ҩռ֮ڣȻͳ߲棡
֮һӿ룬ɢһɼ͵ģȴûκɫʵâȻŷΪ𾪵ġĹâ֣Щ겻ûټֻںţ
⣬޸ų𣿣
ŷг𾪣ҩ֮棬ǵ̶ͨȣ
Ϊ֮ǰԼ֪ս˶Щ˶һ֮սģ϶ڡ
ǣҩȴδʩųκǵ֮꣬Ҳûκβ
̫ͨˣȻֱ
ŷһ£ʵǱ𺳵ˡ
ţдڣǲֻҪûƬܹ޸أ
Ƭ˵ҲҪһСʱ
Ҳ˵Сʱ֮ڣԼҪˣκ⣡
£촷ۣҲͬûκ⣡
ţŷĶǲ
һӣʮ걻ҩռ֮ڡֻһС򣬳ص;ա
ʱ򣬹ŷֿʼˣ˵꣬ԼǲҲҪһ
ʹ뷨
һˣѾޱȾ˵ˡ
ҪôȫĻ죬죬еǬǿߣͻϤȻԼץס
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Ϊ˻ŵˣԼҲ
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ΪҪǣ֡䡯ֻ̬Ǭ£


650 롢աںϣ
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һһ򣬾ܴһŽסʮױԴǿˣ
һֻҪһµĹ򣬾ܹһ֧ȫɰ˽סŽףʮױԴǿɵսˣ
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651 
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652 Ƭ
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ӻӣһӻӣϻӻӣ»ӻӡ
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ͨޱȵҩҲֱӽЩƬ˺üÿһ޴ޱȵ߲֡
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һ似ġ
һ츳ġ
һԵġ
һսġ
߲֣ģȴ˼⡣
ȻֻԹŷԡ
Ҳֻйŷ壬Щ¾ǸЩǬǿҲһЩûκôƬѡ
֮ӦһգȷûκһƬ֮󣬹ŷֹͣա
󣬾ͻ˫ۡ
ʱһѪɫʹһ


653 ոϣ
ŷɲԼµԡ
ȻЩѾȫôǰȥԼԵʱˣ
ֻŷȴٽϻҰֻһͬǰȥֻ׼Լһǰ
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Ҳ֪ûУϹ壬ŷȴܿ϶ǰٷ֮еġ
Ϊ˵ǾӢսӰɣ϶ֹʮˡ
Щ˻ɱ֮˵ܹＯʮʷǳˡ
뵽ŷ忴ԭߵһڶһۣ漴ͶԻҰֻظ߲㴫ңȥȥ
˵һ䣬ףٻٻ΢Цŵ˵ͷһ͹Ļȥ

ŷĵһطǽҡ
β㳲ˣ׽
һ͹ŷͷſһӣ͸ӦһŽĩڱԴǿߵϢ
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ŷ忴ûȥЩһֱۣ֣̽ͽŽױԴǿߵĺסǿѹ£Էһ㷴
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ŷûȤЩʲô飬ЩˣҲ
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ֻ߽װ˽ױԴߣҲǲҲزУ
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Ҳûκεֿľͱ飬ȻԼֱӱնΣ
һУޱɡ򵥣


655 ո£
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ʮױԴǿ߶ԷɵɱˣԼЩˣе
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һУֻȸЩˣҰֻȫԱʵ㹻ǱŵԱ֮ˡ
ſ򣬸ӦһǳκһϹҵ˺󣬹ŷ͹ĻȥϹһǳء
ǳֻǸģԱ࣬Ҳôǿ
ʮ֧ٴηɳһҽй󣬹ŷᵽ֮ϣ˴Լʮʱ䣬ͽЩ꾡ռ
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һеĹŷ壬ֱٴδͣصҰ֮ڡ
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656 󸴻ϣ
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ֲˣҺϹıɱһʣ˵ĻôҰֻصؽ쳹磡
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ǺǣǺãǵʱ¡ڣȽǶʮ˸˵
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657 󸴻£
ҪĻ϶ǲġ
һһۣŷ׼ȥҰȥ
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֮ٻ˵Ļǰǰ㼴ɡ
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ˣҺ˵ЩһǣϣܹΪұܡҲ֪£һȥĲ
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յʱҲ̫һңҲͲˡ
ŷ壬;վһԣϡ

ĻҰֻضսߴ磬ȡòʤ
ʷԶѩľʮİƷʦҩʦʮʮױԴǿ߹ŷ壬սʮױԴǿߣ󻹶ȫߣ
һϢڲһҹʱ䣬˲紫顣
ֻһϢһ棬оǧŰپʮǧŰپʮŸŵģ
ʲôЦ
һŽսߴ磬ʤˣ
ȻǲʤҲԲܣ
һŲʮ꣬ȻɱʮױԴǿߣ
ҲԲܣ
¼䣬û
ǣЩôţʵʵ
һ˵ǿԲš
˵ǿԲš
ǣһڼǧûɫɲǲţ
ǣЩһȥϹҺͽҵȷ֮󡪡
磬˲ڣ


658 鳤
֮ЧǿԤġ
ԵŷʮѾȫԱͻƳΪ߽װ˽ױԴǿ֮ĻҰֻسԱ㳡֮󣬶ʱͱǰĳסˡ
˵һǧˣѾһɽ˺˼˵ģĻôڣ֮䣬һֻ󣬶ȥˣ
˿ܼ֮ùŷ嶼˴͡
һڶʲô
ǰǶܽǳضΧ߰ȦӰҲǶʮϣ
ң͵ʮ׳ڣʮĩڱԴǿߣŷͷ˲°ˣ
ǾŽװ˽ױԴģ͸̸˵Ҳˡ
ȻŷҲΪЩȫҰֻصġ
Щ󲿷ֿ¶ύǰͽġ
ΰɣյԱԻԶԼ
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±ôעţŷʼնǰ㵭Ȼ΢ЦʮˣҲǰ㵭Į顣
Ÿû죬Ŵʦʹ˾׳٣ҵ֮
ȻһЦȺһߴӰȺзɳ
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ǹŷ壿
鳤ûǵĻֱһֻɵŹŷ壬Ȼţǰò㣬ȴֻвʮ꣬ǹŷ壡
ǸʮȴӵаƷȴʦҩˮ׼ԶսʮױԴǿߵĹŷ壡
ŷ嵹Ҳûȥ鳤еĻɣΪԼҲһοԼģӦԼģ඼顣
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ŷҲ鳤ϣŷɲ¡
ǲҵ鳤ϣ޷Ǿµ֮ҩʦƲ
ǹŷԼҩʦƵҩȫ㹻ѹͲʲôƲá
ҩķƲá
ҩռģõô
Ȼŷ嵭Ҳ˺鳤ϵĲ϶Թŷʵɣ̲סüͷ
ŷּҩʦ鳤Ҳҹڵ
ǣҲţŷ壬ľ
ʮİƷȴʦҩʦ

ԣһֱΪ϶ǹŷʲô۷ļɣʹҩ￴ǰƷȵġ
Ȼδ˵۷ɣ֮治С
֮һ仰ôҲϣڵģ
رԼŬô꣬ӵҩʦΪƽ
ܽһ仰ˣ


659 Ϳ
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660 ˬԲӣ
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һһߴʼҽܣŷҲһһЦ񣬳浹ҲԵһ֡
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Ϊ֪ӴԺ磬ֻٳһλĳȻ

ҩʦܲλһ֮ڡ
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һڳҲǸŴЦޱȵĶϣҲǺǺһЦŭҲɢ˲١
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ʱ˶ֹͣ̽ѰȫվԼԭλŹŷһһµغ档
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ȻˣҲû̽ѰıҪֻҪǳأöԷŻȿɡ
䡭䡭䡭
һһεĺͬǺ˶𶯣ͬʱҲоԼҲƵţ¸Щվȵ
ٿǳЩݣкЩϾɵķݶ֮µͨҲһܳԼķӣⱻݵ¸
ϾûеʵֻһͷСʯͷܽˡ
ȴû˶ԴκαԹȫһδκŵ棬ͬƵˣоǳݡ


668 ̣
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ɫҲ谵ûһ볡ȫԽԽ˷ܡ
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ΪģֻŷԽԽ˳֣ԽԽͣȫȻûһƣ۵ļ֣
䣡
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ôãǸɱֳ֣һ˿ƣ
ĵʲô̶ȣֻҪ޷һԼôֵԼݵʱˣ

һСʱҴҶ
ȻŷĿһ䣬͵һȣ󱲣Σ
һ֮£˫ȭȻƣ˲ͳǰʮ״Сһéݵƣʱʹޱȿ͵ƣֱȥ
ȻҲӦɿ͵ĹףԼȻڵصףһͷ棬ǿѹȣһѹ棬סԼΡ
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ٶȣȻҪ˵ķٶȿ졣תۼ䣬˳ǳرԵȻ֮ͣԼٶȣ˲γһ㳤һ׵ϣס˵ȥ·
ŷȻԼԽǳУȴûı֤סˡ
ΨнС㹻ķ
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ԣ죬ֻǿʲô
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ΪǶԹŷųģԥؿ϶Ǭǿ֮£ŷ޵еĴڣ
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ٶ֮죬֮תۼͷɳǧס
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ȻҲӦ˹ŷ͵ϢɫʱһջͷһӳģȴһԼıӰֱ
һ£ǳ׵ؾ
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ݺһҧȻǸɴ಻ˣֱͣԭأŴ㲻ɱңɷˣ㲻ɱң
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ŷüΪŷ֪磬֪ɷ磬ЩˣæģֻҪ㲻ɱңҾԲɷ㱨ġңһԸ˭ɱ񣡡
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ֻǣʲô磿
ɷ磬ȻܹӵдǿߣҲʲô֪С硣
ǣԼôδ˵ɷ磿


670 磨£
ŷɻ󣬴˶ʱȻ
⣬ΪεŷԼɷ֮û¶κη֮ɫءԭѹͲ֪磡
Ҳԣ˵ǰһյƫߣ缸ѣ˵ˣ磬һ֮⣬ûм֪Ĵڵģ
뵽ĵԽ˲ͽѹȥ١
΢΢һЦ˵ֻҪŹңԺɷ磬;ԲΪУ
˻Χ޲üͷ
˵Ļûʲô͸¶ԽУȴʵ˴Ϊˬ
ңлԼһв֮⣬Ѱʱеˣ
ŷʱεҡͷһЦ
ԼСʱ򣬲һϹҵϹɸɵˣ
Ȼ֪ɷʲô⣬ģƺǿӡǣӵĹŷ壬ںЩ
£ɷ磬һ磬Σ
ԣŷֱĥߴȻȡּЩ鷳ŷɲ˷ʱ䡣
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Ȼ͵ڶԷȻ鵱Уֱӱɱ˹ȥ
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Ȼû뵽ŷ徹ȻŪŪɷ硢絽ʲôóȻ֡㵵֣ҲһѹɶԽС
˵ʲôʱŷ幥Ȼֻкݺһҧٴóǰķ
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κһ磬һ϶ƾõڵ磬ʷֻԶ̣
ԣÿһ磬¶κ硣ͱɷ磬һҽ൱磡
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磬ǲ¶ģʷ϶ƾõĽ磿
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ڿԲ޲Ļôһ磬ڷҽ硣
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ôȻҲΪ˲ø֪Ȼһȥǻô֮Ϊ
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ȴû˵˼ţ˻ĿŶжߡ
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Լĵ򣬻ܵġ
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ŹŷǾɣ͸¶ɱ񣬴ĵ׾һ
Ҳ룬æ˵˵ȫʵ㲻ɱңҳϣڵȷǺǿҲȷǿ󣬿ǣֻ꣬Ǳ濴ȥ򵥣
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ŷԼǰĻ޶ԣֱӾͿʼв
ŷҡͷЦˡ
µģв
˲䣬ĿȻһ䣬ʽԥʩŶڶԷֺǲŵɫУȥ
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ݣޱԹؿ鵭ĮĹŷһۣ˿ɣһʩų֡
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ԣûκ⣬һ֮󸫴ڵһ빥͹ϡ
Ǽ䣬Ҹ֮£˿Ӧʱ䣡
ۡ
һ̺Ѫ𣬴˵Ӱ֮ɶȥ
еѾʧȥ˵ֻޱȾֵؿ׷Ĺŷ壬ٴɣµ˫

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ԼֻһһƬڼ꣬ʱͱֻ˺ܶΡȻԼֻҪ֮ĸӦȥӦԷЩ䣬ʲôԼҪġ
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ͻȻ̽еĹŷʱͣһһƬָ׸ǴСƬƮֱӴҩռɳȻֱڽ˹ŷ굱У
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ùŷľģȴ磬Ȼ¶绹Ҫ࣬ȻŽʮ
Ҳ˵£֪ǶʮλǬǿ֮⣬ŽʮǬǿߡ
ңùŷ𺳵ģȴǡ
ʮźһǿߣΪȻѳԽǬﵽһҲĸ߶ȣ
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磬Ȼܴ
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ҪģڻҰֻ档
¼֮󣬱״Ĺŷ壬״еӲ
ʵԽԽߣԽԽǿԵĵ˺Ҳؽǿ
һԼ첻ڴ˴ˣһȽǿǿߣǶܽҰֻصĸ߲ȫˣ
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һ㣬ֻҩ
뵽˴ŷһ
һεҩᣬֻһ𺳾͹ˡӦҪøǿһ㡣
ˣǿǰ룡
ٶ룬ҩС
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һЧ𺳡
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ŷԤͻƵƷҩʦʱ䣬ǰһ졣
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һùŷеϧȴδͻƣûʲôرľϲڡ
ͻƣܽԼҩЧżǲŽоϲ
˼ҩЧҩļӳ֣żҩЧ㹻ˣ


672 ߴ硪Ұֻأϣ
ͻƵƷ֮󣬹ŷ岢ûмʼѡϢһ졣
һֱͻƲãҪӦһ£һ£ܸõӭӽŵ
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һŷɫɴŤˣĻĹǣԺŵ򻨶ȥ
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ǵġ
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İ鳤֪ġ
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˵ʮŷɡ
ľﵽֻҪµıĵõ£ٶȣ÷ԾǶСġ
ԣŽʮѣ͡͡
ðɣŷԼʮ֪ôԼˡ
ƷеȣҲûκβؾͻ˹ȥ
ΣŷȴûϢС׶εͻƣûʲôҪ̵ġ
ǣֱӿʼһ׶ε
ʱһһعȥ
תۼ䣬ҩʦᣬʣˣ
һµʱɷ磬û˹Ϊ˱
ȴΪɱ֯ͬɱ;ȥǷǳ飬ȻҪɱˣôҪñɱ׼
ȻҪһ㣬Ϊɱֲɷ߲ɶġȻĻɷˡ
ҲΪһ㣬ŷŻǰ˻ɱġ
һ㣬ɱȻɱˣǸȴȻڡҲ˵ֻҪ񣬻γɶŮȥôͺܻܿ˼ɱ
ˣʱŷ岢ûκεģҲѪõʱעǱߵĶ
Թ
ȻͻƵƷе֮־һʮʱ䣬ǹŷȴûͻơ
ֻ򣬵Ʒ֮ϣҪʵ̫ḻ̫£ͻƵƷߵȣҲѾˡ
ŷţֻҪٸԼʱ䣬˵˳˳ͻƵƷߵȡ
Ǹʱ򣬱ؽһ£
վ
󿪷ţЩĿŷ˸
⼸컹ʵЩƣˣҩ̫ľˡ
һҩռ˺üĿռ䣬ԼƷҩŷ̲סһ˷ܡ
ԭŷΪ˾Ʒ֮ҩռҩӦþͲôࡢôȫ˵ġ
û뵽ǣƷϵҩҪ֮µĸ࣬ȫ
һ룬Ҳûʲôϡġ
ʦǾƷߵȴʦҩʦƷϵҩ䱸ĵȻҪȰƷµĸΪپôǧۣŹˣ
ŷţʮƷҩҩռ棬ǲҲ㹻ࣿ
СԺγɶŮûڡ
ŷӦһ£ǶڸԵĹ뷿ţһӦǵΪŷͲһЦ
ʣԼƷҩĹӦ£ùȻޱѸ١
żѣǵΪȺ˺üΡ
ĳɣȻһĩڱԴǿߣΣҲѾ׳ڱԴΪ
ԳƵǺˡ
ŷעľһֱ˽׳ڣ֮󣬱Ҫעˡ
ٷſ򣬸Ӧһ»Ұֻظ߲ͻƽչ
ɣùŷ嶼ЩǵŬ
˵Ϊ͵սʦХᣬ˰ɡ
ǣûһΪ׵ġУүүսʦɷͻƸѸͣ׷״ﵽĩڱԴ
ѩε̡үүЩˣŷҲĵעľԣôʱ䣬ҲǺض˶ױԴ
ٿɳӡï̻ϡºơЩˡ
Ϊ֮ǰͱɷ˵ΪߣǣûһױԴģ
УģǴﵽ߽ڣ
󣬱ǹ壬κѦ¡桢ҫˡ
ΪǵΪȽϸߣԣŷֱӾͽǵľ˾Ž׳ڱԴ
У壬Ǵﵽ˰˽ĩڱԴֻһͻƳΪŽױԴǿߣ
˵˹ŷ֡䡯̬֮ټǸƴĽֱӾڶ̶һ֮ڣ˿ֲԾ
Ҫ˵ȥĲ֪Ҫɵˡ
Ȼ˵Ͳò˵ˡ
أŷ屾͸Ūһ߾ŽڱԴԣֻҪע㹻ľֻҪһʱӦӦ˲ΪŽڱԴǿߣ
Դˣŷ嵱ȻС죬͸ע˾Žľ֮ԣ˽һӦĳأҲһõľŽڱԴǿˣ
ֻŷ岢ûٸעľһô࣬ϤһʱС
Ȼ͵ӵĻ϶ԱķչкܴӰ졣
Щ߲㣬ԼǶʮ򸴻֮⣬ŷ岢ûٸעľ֮
ǹŷ᲻ãЩˣŷ廹ͲҾţ
ҪԼһȥǺã綼˲ʱԼʦٶȸҲã
ҡҡͷٶ룬ĵߴʱҲӦõˡ
£ʶ˲䳯˷һлҰֻظ߲У
ȫ׼ߴ磡
˻һȥǣҰֻأ˲ڣ


673 ߴ硪Ұֻأ£
һҩᣬӦóƵʷΪڴΪȵһ
ԣһ죬ҩʦڵ磬ѾƵΪˡ
Ȼҩй涨ǰսģ߽ױԴ֮ϣ磬жٸ߽ױԴϵǿأ
˭Ҳ޷塣ֻһ۶ͷ˳Ԥ⵽Ҳǰϣ
⣬ֻһ߽ױԴǿߣ
Ȼ磬ҩʦ˵ģеĻǻС
ùݡʲôģһȱ
Ψһͬǣûκγǳأеĵùݣ洦
ҩᣬһһ޼ʵĴԭϽУԭһξ룬ͻһùݡ̵ȵȡ
ùݣȻΪˣƬԭϣһСһɫһȥͬĺˣҲԵΪ׳ۡ
ЩģȻǹսԱˡЩҩʦҩʦṩרŵס
Ƭԭܱ߲ԶһҶùڣŷ塢ΡɡѦ¡桢uuѪõ塢׺˶ס
ùݺܴÿסһ䷿ӣס
ƶҲģҰֻزŸոճΪߴûã棬ҪţֻεشڸΪֻؽĽҽڡ
ҲˣΪߴ֮󣬺ܶҪţҲֻмŮʱŹŷսѡ
Ϊ˴ĿβԱѹûаƷҩʦǰ漸£ŷȥμӡ
Ҫμӵģֻѩ֮ľ
ȻΪĶѣڹŷ᲻ֻѩǾֻԼ֪ˡ
ʱŷϥСԺҩڣҩ
죬ֻ˰ʱͽϣʣµ룬
ǣһֱͻƵƷߵȣȴһССľ롣
ƣӦֻҪʱ䣬ܹͻƵˡ
ء
΢𣬹ŷ建ͣҩ
վ򿪷ţȴΡ
ȻһЦһ磬οǰһΪŷЩɢҵ죬һ˵ղҩʦ˵˹ͨϿʼأҪҪȥμӣ
ŷˮᣬͷЦţϪǱȥɡ
˵̧꣬ۿε󣬼ŮѾ׼ãȻ׼ȥġ
Ժſڣ򹧾վһӰһȻϡ
Ȼ֮ǰЩ죬ǲġԹŷҲ΢Цų˵ͷǴк
漴ŷȳȥŮҲ
Ŵʦ
ŷæ
Ҫ˵ҲһƷʦҩʦӦöԹŷ˹ġ
ɹŷʵ̫ˣټһߴĽһߴ糬ɲò˹
Ǻǣϣɺá
ŷ΢ЦͷЦʵ
һжãһжá
æЦǺǵ˵һһƣŴʦμӱԸŵλϯ̨ϣ
˵꣬ǰ·
ŷȻҲǸǰȥ
Ҫ˵Թŷݣϯ̨ԵЩġ
ϯ̨ģɶԼҵ࣬ҩʦ˺ĳųԱ
˵ŷ˺ĳţȻʸ˵ŷ尲޷Ǿǿ˹ŷǱҪŷ㰲һλˣΪҩʦǲ̫Сˡ
ܵ˵ҩʦԸùŷǣʵȲѣ˾С۲ġ
Դˣŷ֪ȴûΪԼʸ
Щŷ˸һ·Ż᳡ϯ̨ȥ
Ϊǿ᳡λãܹסģЩеλˡ
ŷ壬ҲǰȺͳݣҲֻǱһ΢Ц߼򵥵شк
ŷҲһһЦŻû˿ӡ
ֻǣǬǿߣûһ
˵ʦսЩӰ֮󣬹ŷ廹δʵǬǿߡ
Ҳ֪ǵжǿ
Ϊ¼ʼеˣ˹
᳡ϯ̨ǸеطΧ˸ˮйͨ
жܱͬʱ˵ĳ¶˵ĻҲҪü
£˿̱ٴΣǴɤſҲԴһ׵ġ
״˺̶ֳȡ
ŷĵ˵ע⡣
һ˫˫۾пȣгݣҲɣҲв˼顣
ȻľޱȵĽˣǵŷԵκͳɶŮĽʣΪԣ


674 
ЩĿ⣬ŷֱȫӡ
ɫޱȵȻϼţȻŷоһ
΢΢̧ۿȥֱӺԵԱĿⶨһòõϡ
룬ʼչһº͵Цݣһ湫ӡ
ǣŷȴԴӶԷпˡ
ս⡢ԼŨŨģκεķŭ
ŷȻûмŭǴӺζ
΢΢üŷ忴¶ĳճ֮ɫʱ͵ػȻ
ԭǷŭԼκͳλɫˣ
ߣŭԼôǸʸλɫ
ּ𣬵ӶԷУܲ׽Ϣ
ԣŷţԼµþǰ˾Ųʮġ
ԴˣŷֻƳ˴һۣҲ˶Է˭ˡ
ŷ壬ǷѩĻ񡣡
ʱѪõĴ϶˹ŷеĲ롣
ţ֪ˡ
ŷͷص
ֱתۣûȥԷ
ΪԼǰμҩĿģѹͲǵȥѩġ
ѩ䣡
ϯ̨Ǵһ׿̨
̨֮ϣ򣬳ʻųһš
һЩӦֻаʮһٶ㡣
ЩڣڷʮŵӣʮӡȻƺܼ򵥣٣ҪЩϯضߺõ֪Ķȥˡ
ϯ̨ǰ棬һ޴Ŀյأÿյأڷһ̣һҩҲ
ƷҩʦƷҩʦƷҩʦ
ڣЩ򣬶Ѿˡ
ŷɨһۣʱͿϪ塢ͨˡ
ҲֱƷƷԼƷ
֮ע룬ԼŷĵĴ֮£һµʱ䣬Ϫ˳˳ͻƳΪһƷߵȴʦҩʦ
壬Ʒߵȡ
顢ͨƷߵȡ
ʵϪ֮⣬塢顢ͨˣǿԽ׵߼ġ
ǹŷȴûƷƷΪһˣƷƷĵһ˭ã
ֻʱͣ𣬴µһ֮Ҳ١
Щʱ򣬹ŷ˾ͱϴϯ̨Եһڡ
ŴʦǸǰŵλã
ָԵɫЩκͲص
Ҫ˵ùŷϯ̨ôλãҲӦԵ
ҩʦɾڲΪС£ܵŷ壬֪ҩʦ˻ʲôĺ
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˵꣬ߵƬڷŵһӵм£γɼŮҲɫƽظŷһһ¡
ŷĻٿϵȻ̬ͬʱǴʵûš
˼ңԾ裬˼ȴѹͲ£ؽ
ֲӵȳɾֻͣ츳ߣ˵ƷҲһһصģ
ԼأԳ롮ˡƽĳȴСۣǶ˼ң
ǹŴʦȾȥӴԱˡ
Ͽûٴȥɱȭ˵
ŷЦŵͷ
ߺ󣬹ŷȥ
Щ򣬶ѾһǱȽϿԵģмǶʮ򣬻ǿŵġ
ȻҪûе
ڹŷԱǸڣҲˡ
ΪֻʮױԴޱȻʼձ΢Ц
һһҵࡣ
ڹŷ嵽֮ʣĿһֱڹŷϵġ
ŷתͷҲ΢΢һЦȭ˵˲̼ѻǲ̼ҲŵƶˣŴʦˣһȻǲͬ죡
ûų̂ƾԼһ֮ܶҵ࣬ŷǱȽġ
ҲæȭЦϰˣҲֻ˵ˡ
Ҳʵһְ
ŷǫͣû˿Ϊİ̼ѻвΪһ㣬Цһ΢üͷ˵ҩʦˣȷЩˣҪ˵չŴʦݣȥм䶼Ϊȴҩʦˣǻûؽ֮
Ȼһ۾ܿҩʦ˵Ҳ͸¶ŶҩʦĲ
ŷͺǺһЦȴû϶ԣǺȻʵϰ壬֪γЩ֮⣬ûСͬĽǰ
ͬĽ磬ȻָľЩˡ
˵ʵ磬ŷ廹ǷǳģΪ֪ϰ֪֪ĴڣŻһʡ
˻һϰжʱһɫ
ŷ֪ϰ壬Ӧ֪ġ
ŴʦҲ֪Ĵڣ
ϰ岻Щʵ
ҲֲݿɿϢŷ缸ѣ磬һ˿û֪ģŻ˾ȡ
ǺǣżȻ֪
ŷЦ
ԭˣ
ϰͻȻͷָָԼЦҾҵ˵ĳԱ
˵꣬͵뵽ŷ⣬һָмļ򣬵ÿҩ£ҩʦˣɼϹΣӦҲ⡣
룬ΪŴʦĳ֣Ӧûиĳǰģ
ҩʦˣ
ŷʱȻ
磬Ҳҩʦˣһʲôҵˣ
ҵ֪ģףӣٻٻˣ˵ĳԱ
Ȼû˺ҩʦǰ㳬ȻȴҲ
û뵽磬ȻҲ˴ڡ
ŷϵȻ̼ѻȻһЦ͵Ŵʦˣҩʦˣҵˣʵ緢չġ
ˣʵֻרճԱĴ˶ѣȨߣʵЩ˺
ŷͲüʵô˵Ļҩʦ˵ƶˣҪлɽˮΪǿҩʦ
Ȼ꣬ôֻǱϿЩǿߺҩʦ
ǿһˣͶЩȻѡӣȫרиԵһ¥
ȴҲ߲Ķȥҩʦ˵ƶˣҲֻһƷߵȴʦҩʦѡ
ҩȥ֮ǰֻһѡ
̼ѻȻύŷ壬Զڹŷ⣬ûκؽ˳ҩʦ˵ƶ֮ǰݣ˳
⣬Ҳǹŷ״˶ŵʦһݡ
ȴû뵽ʦǰȻҩʦ˵ƶˣ
ǣʦҪӵȳȻݵĻΧɱЩ˺ôǸӵģ
˵˵лɽˮֻϵƶˣϵЩ磬ͲҶ֡
ʦݣɱӸ߹ЩˣôǸӵģ
ŷü˼ţҲ
ʦ飡Բ濴򵥣


675 ġлɽˮ
ȻѾٷ֮ٵؿ϶ˣʦԲ濴ô򵥣ŷȴûټȥ
Ȳ˵̼ѻֻ֪֪˵û׸ʦǱ˭֮ǰԼͲ͸¶Լ˵ݡ
ʹʦ飬ɻ̼ѻĻɡ
ԣŷЦЦʼ̼ѻ̸
̼ѻΪһܹϯ̨ҵ࣬Ǽʶ֮ԨһЩʮױԴ߻Ҫࡣ
Уŷ˽ǰ֪顣
ģǣǬǿϵǿߣ
Ȼֻһˣ飬˽òǺܶࡣֻܹȷһ㣬ǬΪĶ㣡
ŷ壬ֻҪȷһ㣬㹻ˣ
ţϯ̨ҲԽԽࡣ
Щ˶۷Լŷ̼ѻ̸ȴҲûйš
ҪôǱһƵ΢ЦҪôǸձȭҲû¶ʲôƵζ
Ȼ˷ѩ֮⡣
һʼѩĿ⣬һֱǶߵġ
żῴŷ壬ÿÿʱ򣬹ŷ嶼оһǿҵķŭ֮⡣
ʱĿⶼǷڰڹŷκͳϣгԣҲС
ڷѩγɶŮע⵽ˡ
ĿѾ֪ٻˣ¶ԷǷѩҲ࿴ġ
˵ѩ츳ٸôҼҹŷ
ģΪиõСĵرãֳǿԸнɾͣ
ŷأʮǰȴֻһۣ
нزȫƾԼһһӡѪɱУģ
ߣϣûκοɱԡ
Ȼ˵ô˵¹ŷ˻صһСۣûݣûеλǣҲԲ˶жġ
Թ
̼ѻ̸˽Сʱңϯֻ̨мʮûˡ
ЩҪôǬǿߣҪôЩȲ̼ѻţҵ࣡
һǵôҩᣬʽʼ
ֹʮңȻȫ˶͵ؾԼͬسϯ̨󷽵ʿȥ
ŷҲ̧֮ͷ˹ȥ
ֻԶʣһнʮӰⷽ
ʮӰϢͲκΣǺƴ󡢰ѹŷ嶼еԼͷ·ѹһʯЩ͸
Ǭǿߣ
ŷĿһĿҪмʮӰ档
ҩᣬȻʢ£ЩǬǿߣȫֻ֮һ
ԹŷҲȷʦӣ᲻
Ȼ֪ʦʦô򵥣ǿ϶ҲֱӹϵԣŷҲܻŹ
Ѫõ壬ЩǬ棬ûҼǣ
ŷ崫Ѫõʵ
ǣʦǸӡ
ŷҲ֮ǰѪõעҺǣѪõ壬ӦǿԷĻġ
ùŷźǣѪõ忴һ󣬱ҡҡͷصû
ȴָŷǰ棬мļеˣ˵ǸӦǷģұǸӦҩʦлɽˮ
Ŷ
ȻûмǣԺеǻᡣŷѪõָķȥĿͶмϡ
ˣǺ׷ͯյߣֻһģ
ӣѪõָķˡ
ŷϸĿַ˿ò񣬶Ե÷ǳǳͨûκϢڡ
Щ棬Ҳֻûʩųκơ
ȺĻŷ嶼ע⵽
ŷȴ֪£ﵽ̶ȲŻеЧ
ͻȻԷ͵תͷͳŹŷ忴˹
ȻȻޱƽͨ͡ǹŷĵȴ͵һ𡪡
һεѹȸУ˲ͷ֣һʶһֲֵĸоǶԷѹȣ
󣬱ԷȻͷһЦޱ׺͡
ŷҲͷһЦݡ
漴ŷҲټԷ˫ۣѹȸйŷܲϲǾͽĿתѪõ˵лɽˮ
лɽˮĲߣͲҲ֡׷ü룬ǰ׷üëǺ룬Ƿǳ֡
еУ裬һɷǵģ
лɽˮûзĸӦˣûзֹŷĿ⣬һЦݵԵλ˵ʲôǷԵǸߣÿÿ֮˵Щǫ档
ŷһ¶Էʱ϶˶Էҩʦ
ȻһƷеȴʦҩʦ


676 𺳽֮ϣ
ףʦ
Էĵ˵ķٶȣȻת۾͵ˡ
ѩæӭȥһغ
ȰؿŷѩͷָԵλߣΪܵѩҩʦ˵λϣλǳ³ϣλųϣݼһ¡
³ϣλƷеȴʦҩʦλųϣǺлɽˮͬҩʦ
ѩݼ³ϣųϡ
ѩæرȭ
Ǻǣ츳磬ҲһָˡŬҿ㣡
ųϸͷЦǺ˵
³û˵ֻǸ΢Ц
ѩųϿ佱Ļ󣬲û¶ıΪǫصųϹˣֻЩѡ
ǺǣˣҾȥİɡ
ʱӻ֣ЦŶ˵
˱㳯ǿŵ˹ȥ
ܿ죬Щ˱ڸԵ£ЩǬǿߣȻиҩʦ˵ʮĳϣҲһ档
м䡢Ǹڣֻڷӣġ³ϡųϡлɽˮѩԼĳŵĴڴ˴ʲôȴ˿ǵĻ
֮ȫС࣬ȫޱȳݵؿЩǬƷ߲ҩʦޱȿȡ
˵ȳȻЩһӶһΡܹһμô࣬ҲһĪˡ
⼸ʮ֮˵һʲô漴ȫתͷŹŷ߿˹
Ȼ֮Ǭ߼ҩʦȳȻѹȸУҲֻ˶ѣŷϣһ˿ʶû͸¶֡
Եãޱƽ
ŷ徹Ȼܹ򶨣Щ϶һ˿졣
ǿŷǵȻ΢Цֱӭûκܻӵ񣬸ޱȺ
ͷ¶ͣ΢ЦͷɫȺͣ棬΢䣬ɱһ
һģҩʦ˺ĳš
УΪԡ
Ȼڹŷ裬ǹģ޷ͻ
ѩɫ䣬͸¶ŨŨսͷŭ䲻ѺΪԶ׼
ԴˣŷֱӺӡ
໥һҲûж˵ʲôͶתͷȥСʲôҲЩ˾Ǹʲô뷨
ŴʦǣǷѩ
ʱһԵĲ̼ѻȴǺȻСԵ
ȻܹһۿѩԹŷĲѺãԥƬ̣̲סĺģ΢ŷЩġ
ֵǼ٣ùŷоЩů
ЦЦҡͷ˵ûµģ֮ľŻ˷ŭɡ
Ŷԭˡһţʤģ϶ǹŴʦ㡣
̼ѻ͵˵ͷɨ˹ŷԵκͳɶŮһۣҲû˵ʲôЦ˵
ŷҲǺһЦ϶ġ
뾲һ
ֹһңĳŵһϣʹλվ˫ָѹҲСȴޱشÿһλ߶С
ҩʦ˺ĳŵȻǷǳġ
һ˵ĳأ˲䰲ַ˶еЩʡ
ҩʦ˺ĳŵĳϣҩ£С
ĳһҽܣ˵ĻҲͲ˵ˣػһ㣬ǻʤͷʤǰǧǰ
죬Żʤǰʮ
˵꣬ҲȻûжٷϻֱһ֣ϰٶӹԱÿһöֽ䣬ͳǼʮҩʦ˹ȥ
𿴼ʮҩʦܶ࣬ʵϣǲƷƷҩʦˡ
ôЩҩʦûУ磬Ե̫С˵㣿
ԱٶȺܿ죬Ҳһ
ֻҩĵȴÿʮݣÿ˰ٷݣ
ôһ˵ҩʦˮ׼Լ츳ɡ
ٷҩ£پÿһҩԼҩ롣
ǰǰʱԼֻжʮңÿҩʦѾ׼ϡ
ˣһж׼ãʱҲˣҩʽʼ
ĳϴһӣҩ£Ļ
ЩΧ۵ǣҲ׷װʱ򣬿ûٸ˵ŵЩҩʦˣȫȫעؿţĦžһεʢᡣ
ŷҲϸĿȥϯ̨ϣҲ˵һУƽ˾
٣Ͽˡ
ϸĻ֣ᷢϯ̨ϣˣʱʱؽĿתŷ壬һ£Ȼתͷȥ
˭Ҳ֪Ǹʲô뷨
ŷЩĿҲ֪ģȴûκθоһ㣬עϪϡ
һϪˣֻҩһۣ֮¡
Ȼ˼ûУֱӽַҩİڣͷ˱Դ֮׼ʼҩˡ
Ϊҩ񣬵ҩʦҩ洢ȻԵġ
ҩû֪ģ
ŷϪ˵ѵҲûκģǸҩƣһ죡
ˣһǾռȻ֮УҲֻôһС˿һҩʼƵġ
󲿷֣ڹĦҩȫӲš
ԴϪǰͨ飬ˮûκˮǳ͡
һУԵǰ
ˣһ˵ע⡣
һϸ˾ϳϪ˵
ʱ֮ɫͲϡ
ϯ̨ϵһЩ˵ûм֪ģЩ֪ģ޲Աߵ˵Ϫ˵ԣģϯ̨Щˣ޲ֽĿת˹ŷ壬оǾ֮ɫ
ǷˣԼҩʦ˺ĳʮˣ֮ɫԱȻû뵽ŷԼ죬Щ£һһĳţ
ֻһ֣Ϫ˱ռϷ磬ԼˮĶ侲Ȼɫܿǵ츳˿Щȫҩʦ
ѵҰֻҩľ˵ȫһ϶ɣɹŷ죿
ǷġлɽˮԼĳϣһı顣
ܹģ֪Ϫɵ𺳣жôǿˡ
ΨзѩģеķŭҲǸΪ˼֡
ԷĵΪȻܹڵһʱӦѩ
΢΢üԼһۣ⣬һԼĶϸӦġ
Ҳûж˵ʲô΢üͷܿչ˭Ҳľ뷨
ٿС
ô̶һĹϪˣȻѾһҩƵ˿βĵزˣģҲֻǽеһ룡
ģֻǲŸոտҩ׼ʼƣ
ǰ࣬ѾһĿȻ
ŷֻ΢΢һЦ
⣬ֻǸոտʼѣ


677 𺳽֮£
ŷ޴⣬Žֻǿʼѡ
ʼʱϪˣЩҩʦ֮ľ뻹ȽС
ǣƵԽԽ࣬ҩַѾּɺ;飬ʱ¶˳ơ
ҩַͼɣһҩٶȡɰܡ
ŷ̸Ϫǵҩַͼɣ޲ֱӴʦǶģַͼ֮öԣ
£ǵλҩʦ˵Ҳܹȵϣ
࣬Ҳֻ֮ƽѣ
ԣɵЧˡ
ֻһҩ꣬Ҳ֪һʲôɣڶҩĵһҩģȻѾʼ˴
Ҫ֪һҩʦҩǻȵһҩﳹɺ󣬲ŻῪʼڶҩơ
Ϫһݻû꣬ڶݾͿʼ˵ģ磬˵ûУУҲٵÿġ
⣬ҲǼɵҪˡ
پַ
ַĸǿڴҩеĶ
Ҫǿ᲻ᣬûƬ̵ĳ͡һ㣬ֻϪ˼£Ȼ¯࣬ˮһĶѹͲҩǳһ
ֻһ㣬ֱܷߵˡ
һ㣬Ǿˡ
ĻֻҪҩ࣬㹻һҩʦԴﵽ
Щϵҩʦǵľ飬ҪСһЩżҩʦḻܶࡣ
ǣҲǶ˶ԡ
ϪˣӵŹŷ崫ڵеģ
¼䣬ҩʦ֮⣬˭ҩģ
ԣҲ˵ҩʦʵ̫ࡢ̫ˡ
֮䣬ȫûκοɱԣ
ˣϪƵڶʮҩʱҩʦֻڵڰ˷ݡھŷҩ֮ǻţ
ǸҲֻƵʮҩ
У
ޱһĻʱȫڣ˴ͺͲŵС
ϯ̨ϵˣ澪㵣ʱʱؿһ۹ŷ壬ʱʱؿһϪˣУ˸ŸĪâ
𾪣ɫгĬġ
ɱ⣡
Ȼ͸¶ɱģٵġ
ŷ廹ޱظܵˡ
ͲתͷȥŷѾ˲ɢɱķλ
ҩʦ˺ĳţ
ֲֻڡ
УԷѩΪԡ
΢΢üѩǵԼˣҪײһȣ
ŷţĿȴһֱעųС
Сķģڷѩɱոһ¶ʱ򣬱Ѿ֪ˡ
ٴüͷоŷѩԽԵɱ³ϡųϡлɽˮʼע⵽ʱ̲סȵѩ
ûжĻһȣֻԷѩһ˵ѹȸϯϣʱ÷ѩָ״̬
עԼľҺʧ
ۿԼΪԺĶӣûһ˿һĴȰеģֻʧ֮ɫ
û뵽ԼһֱΪĶӣֻôľȻͷ˾޴Ĳ
ѵΪԼһֱڱǻδԴԭ
ƾ츳ٸߣǿҵĻ䣬ѵ޷ӦĿ籩
ң⻹ֻһЩСС꣡
뵽˴״οʼԼЩĽʽ
ЩΪԼԭ򣬴δ˵ѩ˵һػģ޲ǰķУǾ͸Щʲôˡ
ȷԼٰ̫谮ǧǻ˰ɡ
ѩԼϰһȣһϰǲεʧ飬оһš
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôֻǿλԼδľɫˣȻǹŷӵʱһܿƵŭȼն
¼䣬ΨԼʸӵд˵Ⱦɫ
ԣƽһЩŭȴôҲ޷
ԼˣĵüͷԽԽˡ
˿ŷ壬ԷšȻ̬ԼŭյģγޱĶԱȡ
˽⣬ŷ壬漣꣬һʼеĳɾͣԼ˫ִģ
˽⵽꣬ʱԵǻķĥԼ
һУԼǻ³ɳķѩ̫ࡢ̫࡭
Ǻǣ֣ĪĪҿѩҲǷǳģ껹СԺеǻĥ£ʱѩضٴһˣ
³ϺȻķĵļ򣬺ǺЦ
ԣĵüͷҲչͷЦóּЦˡ
³ϾǸЦĿȴǲؿ˹ŷ塣
ͬʱҲǾ˸ȴܹʵ뷨
ٿС
ôһϪˣҩʦ֮ľ룬ѾԽԽ
һֱųԽԷһٶš
ʱǶѾ˵ʮҩҩʦȴֻǶʮң
˴ʱϪ˵ʤѾ޿ˡȴһ˴ƿĿ⣬ȫĿתĿš
˾ʵ£ҩʦɲô׼ġ
ȻҪλúùĦĦͣվ۷ʱԼɾûǸʸٿˡ
ҩ
ŷһŲ裬һ̼ѻЦ̸š
ϵܣˣǴĶҵģ⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
仰̼ѻѾ˵˲¶ʮأȻ̲סе𺳣ޱȺȻ˵
ôĽ̸̼ѻѾӹŴʦ˹ϵܡ
ϵֲʹùŷ巴УԼݵļܣΪҵѾ¯ࡣ
ŷһЦ̴磬ˣڻҰˣһֱҵģҵĵӰɡ
ŷ˻ȷûȻϪˣ˰֮⣬˶ûоϵͳİʦ֮񣬵УѾְ֣ûκؽ̵ǵĹŷ壬Լʦ
ŷأҲǽǵԼ̵ģ˵ǶԼĵӣûд
ȫǻҰģ
̼ѻһһ˫ƤУ˸˻֮⣬˼Ѿǳԡ
ŷԵûĻǻҰǳĵط
Ϫ˵̶ȣˡ
ټϹŷôһ
ǣûĻҰֻĲָ߲㣬ӵų츳һˣҲڻҰ磡
þ춯صŮˣƺߣΪͬޱȣ
Ǻǣ̴磬ҪȥҰѰʲôţǰȥǻҰ磬ȷвʳ֮
ŷͺǺһЦһڲЦ
ԻȥǻҰ翴һġ²ȥѰţȥĦĦһ¹ϵĹ磬ҲǺõİ
̼ѻ͹һЦȷ뷨ҪڻҰѰٵһϪˣǵһȵҩʦҲǷˣ
˵⻰ʱУŷͬʱųпȥ
ֻУҩʦƴҩ
ΨĵӰȴǽһҩƿУȻȫϰ˵Ŀע£վ


678 ǬĽύϣ
ձ黹ƵʮһݣҲֻǴﵽʮݵʱϪˣȴѾ˸Ե
֮ľ޴࣬ѾȥҰֻҩԱ̶ȣҲѾӹɣ
վϯ̨ϣв˸վһ̾ؿš
в촽ģƺڴ
ŷƳЩһۣȥ룬ܲ³һϪ֦ҪԼǽǣ
飬統зǳձ飬ûʲôɻ䡣
ϾߴߣˮʹҪǽǣҲֻܹԼòãĲ㡣
ԴˣŷƤӶգһµġ
ҪϪܱǽǣǳûлҰֻˣԼҲѾˣ
ȻһǬ۷ǿߣϪ˶ֻǵһЦ漴ûһ£ޱȼػؾˡ
˵κεط¾ţҲϻҰֻ֮һ
ΪôǣѾ׵˻ҰֻأΪ˻ҰֻԶɷָһӣ
ңûлҰֻأûйŷ壬ԼˣҲнɾ͡
ǣڽֻвʸ񣬾޿ܵĿʱ
һУǹŷ壬Ǹʦѵ˸ǵģ
ϪޱȼᶨؾܾЩ֦ģ޲¶˿ϧ֮ɫ
ǶѾĺôȴܾҲֻˡ
ܿ죬Ǿͽͻƿڷ˹ŷϡȻ޷ĵӣô;ŷùϵ
ԻҰֻҩķչ̬ƺ̶ܹΪΨһһ֧ܹҩʦ˿ҩҲ˵
ʱҩļ۸Ͳ˸߰ҲγɣƷҩȫҩʦһ¢ϵľ֣
뵽£ʮˣŹŷ˹
УǬǿߴڣ
ô೬ȻǰύһĪˡ
ԣŷҲҵæվһһȭʾ⡣
ŴʦǲĪְ
һ߻˻ûˬʵЦʹ˹
Ȼͷ֣ȺҲֲٻͷʵģŷԴˣǲ˿С
ΪղѪõѾ˵˴ݡ
һΪǬڵ۷
ͬʱҲ緽ҽĽණ
ˡ
ŷ屧ȭ
ĹأǬǿߣǬǿߵĻһԾӡ
ң̬ҲһޱǫΪǬУһ۷ǿߡ
ŷƽ̬۽̬Ҳû˿ǫɫģʵֻйŷһ˶ѡ
ǷѩǬǿߣҲùġ
ʱȴûκ˸еŷ˾κβףãŷ岻ǬǿߣҲǴݵǸ
ǹŷ屾ԼҰֻصľ޴Ǳϵתˡ
ŴʦҾĴǣ԰ʮ䣬ӵȳɾͣңҲ֮
ණ֣ݴ޸̾صʮꡭƺҰʮʱ򣬻һСŴʦȣǺյúܡ
ˡ
ŷ΢΢һЦҲû˵ЩʲôǫĻΪⱾʵ
ҲҲֹ㣬ҵ꣬ʮʱ򣬻éأ
һ𣬴һȴһģޱȿ࣬Ĵ󺺡
˳ô⻰ҲǴ͸¶ŲʹҰ
ѪõĽܣŷҲ֪˴˵ݡ
ţҽĽ
ţţ
ţţ
ŷЦ硣
֣ǡǰ
Ҳȷʺţ׳Σûʲôֱʺˡ
ǣȻҲޱȿ࣬ΪȴҪȷණһ㣬ֻǬڡ
ȥȥȥţ˵ף㣬ĵǬߵݵģ
ŷ廹û˵һ֮
ŷ忴˹ȥȴһǬǿߡ
ǬǿߣţţվһγĶԱȡ
˵ţţţ׳Ǵ˾ͱŮ˻
һͷںڵĳɢ˫֮ϣһ˫ˮתüֱͦСαǣӣСģƤǽһ𪣬Сǽһϸ
һ˫ۣʱڹŷϳţʱʱǳëգգջޱȡ
Ȼһ绨ò˿ѦµľɫŮ
ǣˣѹһѵģ
һһ欣ŷ忴ǰʵ
ŷ壬ҽΪǬڣۺʵţţ£
ѪõĴʱ˹ŷС


679 ǬĽύ£
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ŷؿţţãֲЦ
ڣ˵˵һ仰ܶĵԲ·
ţţʱһǴŭ
ӴƵãţţƨƵá
ȻǷ༥ͬ΢ҪΪ˵е֣˵ͬʱҲһһµĻΪһʵʵڵŮˡ
һءһ޼ʵŮˡ
Ƕô꣬ûҪҪһʵڣ
ţţٴŭػʱһ
һ˵ζȴ䣬ŵҲвĸо
ŷͿ˹ȥ
³Ҽ³棬ΪǬڣһгرˣң̡
Ǭǿߣ⻹Ѫõ״˵ԷԸġ
ɼгر̵ӣǷǳͻҳġ
³˵ˣţţȻͬʱ˵ʲôȴƺڹ˼ʲôֻܵ³һۣ㲻˵ˡ
ŴʦЦˡ
³ȻȭɻЩζ˵
ŷһ
³һ˵ţţ˾ѾùŷǾˡ
³ۺʵҪţţ˸߰ɣô˵ҲǬǿ߰
Ҫ³䡣
³ĻùŷЩ
⻰˼ͺܴƵãǹϵԼе㳤˼棬ʵЩ졣
Ŷ˵ˣˣǽֵܣǴ磬Ƕܣţţܡ
ŷϵĴ㵣³ͷӦ˹æֲ
֮ĹϵȻһ˲֪߲ȴʲôˡ
˵Ȼûʲô⡣
ŷʱȻ
ԭôϵ棬ֲˣΪǸһεķණҲ̬ƽͣȴΪ˼Ӧ뷽ණһսˡ
ûʲôЦģλ綼飬ұѧϰķ緶
ŷҲȭǺһЦ˵

ŷĻ˶һЦ
ȷȷʵ̫ˡľ͸һŮƵá
ǵȻ˵Щʲôɻͽᣬʵʵƽݽύš
ǰЩҵǣҲˡ
ԣҲֻȤ£߽һѡ
ֱϪߵ֮˲ŷ׷ͣ˻ͷǿȥ
˶ˣ˶ǿעţ˵Ǽٵġ
ϪˣûйŷôǿľȴҲһ˺ֻ̫࣬ǽŶѡ
ʲôηɶģȫûС
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£ණһ̾ϢŴʦ⼸λӣҳϰŵҵļŮˣǾȻԥؾܾˣý
ŷȻһЦҲһЦУҲвΡ
ȻҲвϪǣȴһʧܽ
Դˣŷ岢ûж˵ʲô˱һСģһ߿˳ҩʦǵķӡ
ŷҲע˼ˣ⼸ˣǳȥϪ֮⣬ҩļˡ
ܽ£ŷţһԽϪһ
ʱ仺ţҩµһڽ
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Χ۵ȥŷҲĿע£뿪˻᳡
ȥǰһɲǣŷȻعͷһۡ
ȴѩҲؿԼ˫˫Ŀԣѩ̺ŷŭս⡢ЦԼԼɱ⡣
ŷʼձƽȻĿ⣬ῴһֱۣӻعͷתȥ
תȥˣŷȻԸܵһĿĹâ
ԼһƽȴްĿ⡭
̼ѻԼ³˸֮󣬹ŷͻصԼСԺС
ʱʱ仹磬Թŷһֱ߽˷ʼҩ
ڹŷΨһĿ꣬ҪѩսУȼͻƵƷߵȡ
ʱôȣôȣ
һҹ޻
ڶһ磬ŷ˾ٴϯ̨ϡ
һΣ³ֵˣණԼ̸ļҵ࣬ҪԼںϵŷڡ
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ŷȻҲܾһ£ֿʼǽ̸
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ٿС
Ϫһֵѹٴοʼ
һֻǳҩһۣ
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Եµֱӽǣ˶ʼƵҩˣҩʦȴڿҩ
ѹơ
ҲԵġ
ѹΪԣ
ҩվһ̣ȫΧ۵ģϯ̨ϵģһŵľ
ΪһҩʱҩʦУģŽֻƵʮݣ
в࣬һ죬һء
ǣõҩַЩͬ
죬£
⣬ҲЩΧ۵ߺϯ̨ϵĴеŵԭڡ
ΪǸַͼɣѾҩʦ̫̫ࡣ쾹ȻĲ֪ʲôʻ㣬ȥ˵̶ˡ
˵֪ʲôʻ㣬ȥݻҰֻҩ̶ˣ
ǵ죬Ҳǳˡ
˿̣ѾٻỳɣƷͷл䵽֮֡
лҰֻĸڣ˭еӸȥȡǵһ
ԣƷҩʦʼڶĿꡣ
ƷҩʦҲˡ
ΨƷҩʦΪʹΣΪǰ棬ͻ֣ͨ
Ȼǲ֪ͬһŵ֣˭ǵһ˭ǵڶҲûǸ˼ȥܡ
ֻ֪һ㣬һڶûԼ˵ķݣ
ԣЩŸƷҩʦǣЩƷƷҩʦڰһҰֻֻɳһͬʱͬʱҲɵֻ
ҲõЩο
Ҳò˵ҰֻҩĳֺͲֱӽЩƽʱ߰òһҩʦǵ棬ײȥ
ңһƳ񾭲
ò˵ȷһ˲õ׳ˡ


680 ֮ġ
һҹȥ
죬峿
һ죬һˡ
սȺѽΧˮйͨʣµЩҩʦǣҲȫעȴűؿʼ
ŷ壬һϵԽϤķණ³ţһŻҰֻص
죬Ұֻصһ˽ױԴߣרܵһϢ
ΪֻؽĽҽ磬ֿ챻Ҫ߻ҩʦǸˣ
⻹Ϊ󲿷ְ˽׾ŽױԴǿ߶սԭ򣬲Ȼֻٴα
ɼˣҲʮ˴Ρ
ȴΪϪ˻Ի͵սȥĺ䶯Чԭˡ
¼䣬ҩᴴ£ĸܹлҰֻţģ
ֱӾͶвƷĵһ
ңƷģĸڶˣ
˭ܣ˭ܣ˭ܣ
ԣϢˣ˲
ǸǱģ޲ٴҰֻػ۶ȥֻܹɵ
⣬޷ĻԻͣΪҰֻسԱҲȻΪһҫ
Ĺŷ壬˳˼С
ڿǵǣǲˣǲˣ
Ұֻڻֻһߴ磬ǣַչƷչȥ
£Щ磬Ҳеľսˣ
ΪǺ£ûҰֻ˷չȥһǷ𹥻ǣ˭ֵܵ
ˣھѾв翪ʼԻҰֻɱˣҲǹŷ岻ҵԭ
Ҫ֪ĵ̣治ߴܱȵġ
һŪãзǵ³
ǱصΣϴν÷ҪΣհٱ
أԱĻŷЩġ
ԼЧΪʲôΪĲյǿ𣿣
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ɲǹŷ硣
ǺĻ˰ɡ
ҡҡͷʱЩһߡ
󣬹ŷпȥ
һ£ҩѿ϶ġ
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Ψһͬǣ죬ϪˣѾóǵȫʵ
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ۻҵַޱȵļɣ޲ʾǸ߳ҩա
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ģ˻ϵЦºͣûʲôر쳣
Եĳ³ųˡ
ѩԼҩʦ˺ĳŵĳԱͲˡ
ǷѩˣжϣƤֱ顣
ҪǵţţǬǿߣԼԼĸ߹ݣڶſˣ


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ã˵ģһ˭ڣ߲Уؽ𣬲ú
ıγɶŮصõĵеķѩûκԥϸһϲҲ룬һӦ
һ仰ǵͬڷѪˡ
Ҳ˵仰һô;ƲΥ
ŷ壬仰ǣһΪаĻȡ


682 ޡܵķѩ
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683 𺳽֮ϣ
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ΨţţŨܵüͷһ壬׼˵ġͱණԼ³˸ֹˡ
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ԣоϢķѩǸոɱ˲תΪޱߵĿ־塣
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лɽˮȻ䲻ϲŷ壬Ϊ¼֮ȫҩʦˣҲԻܾ޴Ĵ
ϸеȻҪеģ̣һ˿ȿ޻ѿЦŶǲ֪ŴʦʵĿʲ
Ҳŷ忴ȥоǺ֮ɫ
ŷ˶ǸİȻ΢Цε֣˵ʵǰҪĿģҪлддģ
ŷ˻һȫʱš
лɽˮдд裿
дʲô
дʵдҩ
дʵ˵ùȥ˵ŷۺʵƺκʮױԴǿлɽˮֻһʮױԴߡ
дҩĻЦɾͿЩˡ
ԣŷǺţ츳Ҳȷ춯أš
ǣ˼лɽˮǳҩ
ӵžƷȴʦҩˮ׼ҩ
ŷ壬ţҲлɽˮдʸɣ
˶ǿ㿴Źŷ壬û¶ĵı
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ԣޱȺģȥ


688 Ծϣ
ŷĻлɽˮʮĳϣԼ³Ϻųϣɵ˵
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ŷ΢΢һЦ˶٣ͼ˵ҩᣬȻҪдҩˡдΪǿɾҲصˡԣϣ㣬ддһҩ
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лɽˮû˵Ը𱬵ĶϿɾ̲סˣСӣҳȷǿǣ㲻ҪΪӮ˷ѩ޵ˣ
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Ȼŷ̶ȣӡ֤ȷһðƷʦҩʦһǰƷеȣϣ̲סЩ
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ԣ˶ŽŽɵ鿴Źŷ壬ǲ
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һĻ˲ʹ˵Ĳɡ
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Уϯ̨ϵˣ
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ٿϣٶȴҪȹŷϲ٣ϾưƷߵҩʦˣҩϵҩҲأȻϤޱȡ
ŷȴǲͻƲãҩϤϤƣȴ״Ρ
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е뷨
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УϪΪԣ
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ΪǵһּҩԹŷҲȫͶ뵽С
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689 սлɽˮϣ
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£֮ǰŷĶַѾޱȿ϶˹ŷľһƷߵȴʦҩʦǣŷƳһŰƷߵҩʱĵ𶯣ǿ֪ġ
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ԣûԸŹôõһιĦᣬȫĿתؿţҷŹκһ㾫ƬΡ
ò˵ȷҸе̾ɷϣһôã㣬ǿţ
лɽˮһ˫ԻǵУ˸ŵ̬̾ޱȳֿ
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Թŷ岻֪ҩٶ棬ԶԶͼҩ


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ޱ𾪵ط֣ŷ˫Ķ˿˫۵ʱҩУŷٶȣԽԽˣ
ģ
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տʼʱ򣬹ŷﻹǷǳĵġΪһʧܣһ¯ҩɶҪˡ
һۣʩŵƺܹһУޱشݵԼԺ档
۾Ҫʮ


691 Ҫˣ
ȻֻǱ۾Ҫǿ϶ûʲôõġ
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뷨ΪǷǳ󵨵ġǹŷ岢ںӮ䣬Ȼûκιǵ
ôһ˵ùŷˣ
߰飬ŷ͸оԼĶԽ˼ŵԽԽҩ棬⶯ԽԽ죡
ֱ󣬹ŷ˼ȫ棬һ㶼ûзҩʱַɣȫȻһֱܣԼ֫嵱У
ȫԼȥƣܱȿƻҪʮĶܵҩ
֣ùŷʱˡ
ҲЩףΪʦĴܻᵽôһ仰
˶һʱҩգ
Լ״̬ȻԶԶ̸ʦ˵˶һǣȴҲЩƤë
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ϯ̨ϡ
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Ȼո׼ҩվʱȴŷȻǶһЦ󣬹ŷƵһ¯ҩ͡һ죬Ȼһð


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лɽˮ˹ŷղһĨЦʲô˼ˡ
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Ҫȥ죬ٰʮĹŷ壬ҪԼźá
ΪʮѾ֪ŷ彫ɳεȳ̶ȡ

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693 ֮
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694 
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ΨǾȵؿԶǿãۿɼٶήŵĴתĿ⣬ɻؿ˿ϥĹŷ壬Щˣǰ⾪һĻӦþǰŪġ
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695 
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696 ֮ķ
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ڹŷΪɴڰ˽ڱԴ֮֮һںĴѨѾƿ״̬ˡ
վԱ߶ŵĲժҩģŷһӣͽ֮ڡ
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͵ʮױԴǿ߰ɣ򻨽ﾹȻ
λʵȴôֻʮ׳ڱԴѡ
ԣŷûκμӳ֮£ɴͶԴսˣʮױԴǿߣҲ̷ҩԴǽһҡ
ÿ룬ŷͻܵһˣϾûκμӳֵ£ԷʮױԴǿߵľŷⶼܲ˵Ļǿɾˡ
ֻˣȻһֱܣһֹû֮ǰЩϾѾָ˹
ˣһֱһֱ򣬴˲СʱɣҲֻҰԱ򻨽еֿԱȫնɱ֮ʣŷҲ˳Ľʮ׳ڱԴ߻ɱҩ
򻨽ŷ岢ûżɱǿŶԷǽɷ촽΢һȥ
ܺ棬ԩ޳ģΪλɱ㡣
Ҹ㡣
ŷϿκα飬ĮȻ˵ΪΨһˣ


702 
ŷĻԷһ
ʲôͷЦ
ЦУ׹ĻȻжԼ㣬ҲǵΧɱ򻨽ĺ⡢Ҳԭ˵Ρ
Ψû˶Թŷĺޡ
Ϊŷ˵ĵʵĻΪʦ쾭顣
Ҫֻ֣ܹԼɱ˫ۣ
󣬱ǰζӵЦУҲȥ
󣬳ֹ
ŷ̧һУԷͱսҩ֮ڡ
ŷ岢û̿ʼҲûȽ䲿ֵǴ߶֮ѡҪĲ֡
Ȼܿ϶˵֪֪ʦ˭Ļŷ岻Źһ˿һпܵ
кһᣬŷȻĿһʱһּ䡣
ȻþⲿּԼ굱Уһ֮󣬹ŷ建˫ۡ
Уһ⣬Ȼ
Ȼ
ʦȻô򵥣
֪ĻҲֻ֪࣬򻨽Ǳģ磡
νģǿʦҩŻΧ˵ģ
硭
ŷ߶һ䣬ǣʱճһаĻȡ

һսɣҰֻѹ̬ȫʤ
ٿΧɱ򻨽ԱֻһٶʮļˣеͶֻҰԱһƳѨΪˣ
żֿģûػɱԾ֮Ҳû˸ڷˡ
˵ϰǿ󱻱Ϊˣַǳܲˣܱȶǿ
һУеú˳
ô
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ŷ嵭ؿһۣɡ
˵һ䣬һӣأ
һ£ֻһ˵ֻҰԱȫϣһһشͻȥ
Ұֻȫ뿪֮Ǽ߲𽥴ӿֻŵл
Ȼ㿴ңҿ㣬Ҳ֪˭ͷɶҲûУһ£ȫɢܿ
ǲòܣΪûκΪǣֻʱȷǿѣߣûʲôΣգֻҪԴǿߣһ
֮ǰΪֲֽжвٺöǿɲұ֤ЩԴߣŹЩĸ
һӣЩԴǣʱ
˲ðһ͹â׷Ҳ룬ͳŸԿеĿȥ

صֻؽ磬ŷ;ֱ´ȥ
ѾӦѪõ׺Ѿˡ
ǹŷȥģΪģȻЩİˡ
ŷûʱȥרŹעЩĶ̬Ϣǣá
鳤
ŷ壬ѪõͰ׺æվ𣬶񺰵
̬֮ɫΪ֮
ȴΪŷһϵжʵǺúһѣȻȻؽŷ嶨λǬǿͬĳȻôҲ޷ǰǰˡ
ŷҲЩȴû˵ʲôͷ΢Цţˣ׼Щ͵ǽˡ
лл鳤ⶼӦģ
Ůæ˵еļ˭ó
ҲԣԹŷݣ˵Ҫ͸Ƕǻܲˣ
ʶҪκη
ŷͳԲ𣬶Ůæķɣκη
󣬹ŷһһӣɱԴ֮֮ͳŶŮȥ
ں֮ŮȻûκ׼׷һ
һ֮¶ϲȻҲ֪ŷ͸ǵĽʲôˣԼжô޴İˡ
ŶŮϥ£ʼЩ֮ŷ΢΢һЦվһԵȴ
һ֮󣬶Ůŷ׷ϲ˫ۣæޱȹ͸мضԹŷһ񣬡лл鳤
ŷЦŰڰ֣Ӧõġ
˵꣬˶٣˵ȸһһҪ͸ǡ
˵ţתСڷ˹ȥ
ѪõҲæϣж͸¶ޱȺ֮ɫ
һ
ŷأԼЩ˷ܵӣԣȸղŹŷ͸ǵģֱŽ׳ľĽҪӼģ
һ룬ҲֹסؼٶҲӿһ㡣
ƬӣĻæ˳ؽһ
ЩҲӦ˹ŷĵ׷ߴߴط˳Χڹŷߡ
ѪõŮȻЩôΧŹŷ壬ȴҲû̫⡣
Ǹģνʲôأ
ƺɶûа


703 
鳤˵ﰡôû
˰죬ѪõͰ׺Ҳûҵν׺̲סʵ
ŷͺǺһЦָָͣԼϣԼԼͷŷɵһȺЦ˰
Ůһ
̧ŷָȥȺǹ֮⣬ȴûзʲô
ʱѪõȷӦȻһ㵵ؿЩŷʵ鳤˵ǡЩ
׺Ҳɴ˫ۣǹ졣
Щ񣬾Ȼν
ؿ˿ŷ壬ɹŷǲڶˡ
漴ͷ뷨ǿɲΪŷй
ûЩ
ŷЦЦҲӣֱ˵ǺЩԡ
ŷĻöŮɫӹŹŷصӣȻоʵЩ׺Ͱ׳˵㣬˶٣Ѫõͳһֻ
Ǹ㣬˵𣿡
˵һ䣬ѪõʱܣԼʲôȻһֻܲԼ˵
ȴ˲͵
㣬ҿ˵
ֻСҲͬĽһ㣬ö
ȻѪõȴըױ졣
⡭ô£
⣬ֻĿԼ˵
ҲܹܺԼԻ
񰡣ǲΣ
Լ˱飬׺Ҳﲻסˡ
æҲһֻɣҲ˲͵
һ֮ǲڻ񣬶ؿһ΢ЦĹŷ壬ȴĲ֪˵ʲôźˡ
ôݡɻ⣿
ŷ΢Цŵ
ѪõͰ׺˾Ͳ࿴һۣǵרҵ鱨ͰɱȻһ¾׹ŷݡ׾塣
ȫ룬Ⱥ֮񣬾Ի˲ΪΪǿ鱨
˵޿ײ룬Ϊ
鳤ǡ
Ѫõ忴Źŷ壬ʵǲ֪ʲôȥݹŷˣΨһ̾һ˫۾
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Ѫõ֤
ŷЦЦͷţǾͺãĽʵ̫࣬ÿһޱӴЩԻ㡣
ɣһٹһˣʱӦ㹻ˡ
ţõģǡǲǾͿԡ
ѪõӦ˫۷ŹؿЩȻû˵꣬˼Ѿˡ
ǺǣǴ߰ɣδЩԼŰɡ
ŷЦɫʳָޱ֣صصһ㣬£Բκֻ֪ټϡ֪У
İɣ鳤ЩǶ֪ģ
ѪõͰ׺Ҳǳ֣صһͷ˵
ŷЦ£ֻһ룬Լ㲻ѣҲ׵ġ
ǣͻ˻֣ȥˡ
ʼʱЩȻЩ᲻뿪ŷģŷҲֻкƤƭڽЩԼ衯ˡ
ŷֻжͷðȴһܣࡣ
Щߺ󣬹ŷͿʼĥ
֮ǰ򻨽оŽϱԴ֮󣬹ŷѾֱԽ˰˽ĩڣǳ˳ͻƵ˰˽۷屾Դ
棬˺ܴĽʱȥĻ֮Ӧòװ˷ѵ
پǴˡ
Ȼһƺܶ࣬ʵϣķɢȥĻʮ֮һĽ綼鼰
ң⻹ûнƫ硢ܿܿСڵġ
ҲҺãڻҰֻǿˣǿµģҲȥעҪע鱨ߴ硢磬Լ硣
Щ磬һǳӴģҲ٣ÿһҪǧֻ㹻
֮ܶǣڣٻҪһֻ鱨ǳˡ
һֻ
ŷƬ̣һֻǲ࣬ҲѣֻƾԼڵʣ϶в֮ʧġ
ҡҡͷҲûٶ룬֪ⷽû֮ˣ
ǣһʹԳôһأһ񡣡
÷˵ɣʲôǲҪҴ˭ڿǾŽǿˣˣȫڻ°
ڿ˵ǹޱġ
İŮţҲߣÿ춼ǿޱȡ
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ȴ֪һУԼ÷ԼģлĻ˵Լһ÷ˣ
ŷһЦҲЩ˳õ̬ѵõؿ˸Цޱ˵ǵģҿԪ޻ͦˬȥ
ǱڴЦĳأŷĻ󣬺˸һ㣬˲
ϴЦı飬Ҳ˲̣ǽһȤ
ȻŷЦ˵ǿЦʱȴ룬سĬһ֮ͻȻҧ˵÷򣬷İɣȥģʱҼɱҲһɵ
ǽһ࣬óأѾ׼˱ġ
صĻŷʱһһůʡ
ʲôֵܣ
ˣ
֪ȴη塣ֻΪŷ忴ǸǬǿ߲ˬ
ֵܲˬҾͿά
ŷоԼЩɣ죬ȴôҲ˵Цˡ
һŷǺǣǿЦģôȥǵǿߡ
һŸ㡣
ԣֹЦ˵÷򰡣ɱôŻңɽסţ
˵ɣʲôһɣ
ʵҲûʲô񣬾ȥЩ񵰶ѡ
ŷ˵
񵰣
ŷóʱǹı顣
һʵʵľŽױԴǿߣŻҰֻųԱȥ񵰣£˶
ֻ˵ðɣ÷£Ȼܿ͸ġ
˵ɣҪ񵰣һ񵰣
ִ֮⣬ֻҪܷɵģ񵰶УʱһŰɣ
һһ񵰣
ؾȵٴδҲûʲôãҰʱ䣡
˵꣬ǧҰֻسԱȻȥȥˡ

˵ģȷûд
ֻһʱѣرüʮֽ䣬͵˹ŷǰ
ŷղһֱԱûߣϥԭš
ϾͬʱһֻǳʵЩںˣֻû˵ĵطźô
ӹ֮󣬹ŷʶ˽ȥ಻٣һš
£ӻ֣óؽߣȻһ֣һ㲻͸߲֣ͽŷС
㿪ʼĹ


704 ϣ
֮Ǹӡ
ǰȻϰֻѪõͰ׺ˣϵıǿ֪ġ
һֻ̲Դ޵СѾޱˣȴֶϰֻѪõŮɣЩ᲻ᶼǹŷŪģ
Ȼоŷ徹ȻŪôС񣬷ǳ֮죬ȴʵ벻˹ŷ֮⣬˭Ūôصġ
ܿǾͽĺ׵˾⣬ת֮ģޱȵĿϲ
ЩҲӹɣ񣬾Խ˲ΪΪǿ鱨֯
ЩѪõ֮󣬹ŷ漴ͳŽӴȥ
ΪѾӦණ³桢ţţĴǬǿȻãõĻв̼ѻλҵԼףӡٻٻλҵࡣ
ףӺٻٻˣ̼ѻɾͲԶˡ£˼Ĳ̼ѻƿصĲ̼Ҳŵʮ֮һ
ʼףӡٻٻͬϵˣϴλҰֻر÷ֹûǰ֮Ҳûڹŷǰˡ
ΪҲ֪ԼεĵǸŷҲ⣬һܵףӺٻٻһĴ
Ȼˣôʲô
Ҫֻ֣ܹԼ̰ľ
Ӵȸ߲ڽӴණˡ
ŷ˻ûȥǽĵɤţӴҰֻعȻ鴫Ү㿴ǿЩˣ䶼󣬿ΪøߺøŶ
ǽһǰùŷ嶼ֹסһս
̧ۿȥһ˫ºơɳӡκصˣǣһηɫȴֲҶԣϾԷһõǬǿߣ
ôЩ̿ټϹŷָעľ֮ǰΪ͵ɳӣȻǰ˽ױԴǿߡ
ºơκȵˣΪʼΪȽϸߣǣȻǾŽױԴǿߣ
УκǾŽĩڱԴǿߣ
ȴΪŷڿƾƷʦҩʱ򣬺ԥƳֻҪǸ߲㣬Կá
Ʒҩ巽жֻּҩǬǿ߶ܷãܿã
ԣڲľƷȴʦҩİ£˵ʵƵͻͽٶ֮죬ֲ֮ٴ¡
Ȼ£֪ȻԽԽˣƲ
ˣСӣɱŻЩСֵܣȻϵܿɵ鷳ˣ
ţţǳͬؿһǵͨκˣǴʱĸܡ
˵ʵҪôϰĻҲܲˡ
ʱ۽ó˹ŷĵתһЦˬʵصϵܣһգɺã
ŷһЦһգ
ȴҲЦЦţ磬ллģһжá
˵ţתͷණ̼ѻ³桢ףӡٻٻˣȭ˵λʧԶӭˡ
ǲӦòϵܾͲ˿ˣ
˵ǷණӹŷһֱڴŹŷ壬ʱһۣ쾪ȵϵܣͻˣ
ǬΪܹ͸ŷʵΪҲΪ档
ΪԿ͸ʵе𾪡
ŶѣƺҩǻŷŰ˽Ұɣ
ڣȴֱԽ˰˽ĩڣ˼ͻƵŽ׵İ˽۷屾ԴΪ
ҲûʲôģŷЦŵͷû״̬Ȼͻˡ
ȴ룬ŷ廰ţţˣһؿŹŷ壬Ǳ飬޲ȥҧŷһˡ
˵ģ
״̬ãԾͻˣ
⹫ĽģԱԴߵʣм״̬õģ
ǣ˭ͻƵôѸˣ
Ȼ֣˵Ļ
һ̾ණͿЦйϵʱעһģȴΪѸͣҶˡ
أǸˣҲһùϵ㰡
ණĻҲͷȻǳͬණĻ
ŷȴǱ˺ģʵʲôù򲻹ϸ磬˵˭
ණûش𣬶ǿ˿ԼΧ̵Ůˡ
ŷһЦŹ˵ȥæɣҽӴͺá
ֶЩŮӻ֣ʾҲ¡
⵹ǹŷ岻ˣǵȷûҪ֪
Ƕæ֮󣬷ණųƬ̣ϵܣӦǰʱɵĶжôɣ


705 У
ŷ͵˵ͷ
ɶ𶯣ŷȻһġ
ԣչʾģע⡣
ŷͷණͼ˵
˶٣ණȻڿҪҪ͹ŷ˵ŷǵȻ̬ͲһЦע⵹ûʲôҲûյĸвѺ뷨ġ
ȴյϢ˵֮һҼ֮ӣս죬ƺǳȤϢƣƺҪ
ŷһ

УԼʲôսزʶΪҪԼ
ŷϵɻ飬³ͽŽ͵ϵ֪ܲսһ㣬ǳǿöԶսΪ
ֻҪΪ۵ģܣҲʲô飬㣬Ҫһɡ
ԣͱ˹ԡСաĳƺţաף
ŷȻͷ
ڶսˣŷ֪ģǳս˵ǳڶѧļ׷
ˣŷҲûʲôرķУЩ˵Ͷѧļ֡
ֻˣԼģֻҩѣô˵עأ
һҪԼ
ŷϵƱ飬ţţĹŷļ򣬳ɤӾ͵ϵ㲻ȻСӵΪʮױԴȹϵʵΪҪϲ٣ϸһԸɵӮģ
ܵ˵СҲеôǿ󣡡
ûȹŷ˵̲סˣǲмһţţڿ˰㣬սСΪȻȷֻʮױԴҼǵҲİɣ
ʱ㣬ѾǬΪˣɲһǲҰ
ΪеôǿӮô㣿
ڿ࣬ţţʱ͵һ˫ţۣܲƵָָ۵ıǼţ㻹һˣ
ʱСս࣬ȴܵøӳףֱӾſˣ
˵أҿһ磡
ʱŭˣҧͽŭҲ㣿ȥһ˭˭
ɾ͸ɣ˭˭
˵ţţţһ˦ӣ׼߳ȥһ
ǱˣͲܰͣ㣿
³ʱ򲻵ò˵ˣٲֹܳȥһ
ǵΪ򣬻֪ɶĶأ
ţţȻ绹Щηģ˻Ҳͣ˶ȴ໥һۣͱԴȥԷˡ
ģǬǿˣСƵġ
ŷʱȴûעˣ΢üͷʲô
Ҫţţ˵ĻôսʵǻȷǷǳǿġ
ԣƺţţսһɷţţȻָɷ
Ҫ֪ţţǬǿĩȴҲõǬǿߣ
սʵûйƴĻ£ܿ൱һǬǿߣ
뵽˴ŷ嶼̲סһľ

ʮױԴΪӵ൱ǬǿʵȷԳƵǳˣ
ŷҲ壬ﷴЩڴ
ʵ˵˭ΪԵĻŷţԼǲκ˵ġ
ȻԼսǰĴ˾ǣĸ˾˱Լĥ£
ǿĥ£һСʧ󣬿ɾǻɥģ
ԣ֪սǿʵ֮󣬹ŷҲս˺ܴĺģԼս⡣
ֻϣս죬Ҫѩ֪
ȻŷԥؽһŲ£
𣿻أ
ŷʵ
Ȼս춼ǿˣôȻҲȥġ
ⲻùŷŨŨĺ֮ġ
һҩģһǰɱġ
Ǹҩǵҩʦ״ӣţҩʱ򣬱뽫ӵģϧǣ֮ҩȴ˲ҡ
˵ţණͲ̾һϧ֮⡣
ŷȴǶȻһ⡣
벻ȻԼʦˡ
ŷ֪ʦڵӵҪжߵģܱУ츳ӹɵġ
лϧһ֮󣬷ණͼ˵ΪڣҩʦǾһһĳˡ
ʲôѩЬ䣡


706 £
Ŷжǿ
ŷ漴ʵ
䣬ȷѩҪСǧֻ꣬ǧѡ
ҩʦȴžƷȴʦҩЧҲϵһ㣬ͬΪż
ණ˵һҲսޱƣǾǣֻҪ۵ҩʦ֮һ㲻ͬ⣬Ҳһÿÿز㣬ֱ㷳֮ͬΪֹ
˵һʱڱչأƺҪƷеȴʦҩʦ𣬲ȻĻѰˣ
ŷһЦ

һޱȳԣҪ
һҩޱȳԣҪ
ǸɱģǲҲͬأ
һгԽΪʣսࡣ
ֻעһɱսǰӲӲظɣ׼䡣
ҪȥɱսĻսȻ˵ҲԻˣ
ණ֪ŷ鲢Ҳŷʣ͵һǳֵǾǣɱЩˣ޲޶Ĵ֮ˣֻҪǶˣûκαֻ꣬Ҫ֪ͻԥؽɱ
˵ΪĳǬǿߣŰɱһ˼ҵС֮󣬱㵱ԣ˻ɱĲݣ
ȻڶûнɱȴǸǬǿߵΪȷԽ£ִü棬һֱ׼Ѱʱһٻɱ
˻ŷǸԽﲻɶøС
Ȼ֣綥ЩӸǣҲжǰ竣Ҳѩǰα
⣬Ҳˡ
ʵҪϢ֮͹ϵ˵һ׼ѡ
ʱҲֻжս»ڽھҹϵ
ңжעģϵҪСһˡ
ණ˵۾Ͳɳ˳ţţȻǶˣӦҲ֪עһˡ
ţţ˵ʱǺˣ˺һţţƵصߣ˭ˣ͵˭С𣿣
ҵȷˣҲȷǶսСӵСˣôΰɣ
ŷ̲סЦעͦЩ˼ġ
óעʵҲһЦˣֻţţɣСܵģеСܵģֱΪСӵģ
ŷȴ뷨Ȼණ˵ǶսӦþڽڻԼôԼǲǿԽԼСأ
šƺԣ
Ȼǰǣʱ䣬ԼǵҪӽٶˡ
Ȼʵŷ嵱滹ûκΰտӮ˶ս졣һˣ˶ԷСܣǿɾܴˡ
ǺǣллλϸҴôҪϢлˣ
ŷһȭ˵
ϵܿˡͳһϸ磬ҲӦİ
ණһЦԿʱǸˡ
ŷ΢΢һЦٿ˿һʼû˵Ĳ̼ѻٻٻףˣЦʵ̴磬ϰ壬ףϰ壬Ҳ²ʲôֻ˵ֻҪܰﵽģһȫ
ŷͿ˲̼ѻ¶ණ³˴ģ˫ϵġ
̼ѻͺǺһЦҲûֱ˵ϵܹȻˣûˣ֮ǰһֱкϣڹϵһЩҩֻҪжƷƷҩȫҪˣ
ƷҩȻҲϣܹչһ㣬ϵͬⰡ
֮ǰ˵ҩԴһֱҩʦǶġ
ҩʦǰҲˬˡ
񣬻ҰֻҩƷһֱƷҩﶼУǵȻϣҩһֱһٿҩʦǰŷ壬ҰֻصĹϵһ
ڻ᲻˶ҩʦˣȴǲôĵġ
ǵҲֻҩ﷽棬һҰֻγ˳õĺϵǻںʲô
ŷԣͲɵͷֱӿ϶û⣬ֻҪҪҲжģȫǣ
ŷҲֻҪ̼ѻȡúôҩʦ˵ĸƷҩ¢ϰҵӴ˿𳹵׶ѡ
ҩʦ˵Ĵشģ⣬ȴҲǹŷҪģ
˵ŷôҩʦˣҲ󵰸⡣
Ҳ˵ˣֵֻ鵰ķ֮һǽҰֻصĲҲ赣ˣ
Ǹã˹ϵ仰ҿҩʦˣ󻹸Ҳǰǰˣ
̼ѻֹסعһЦЦУ˿֮ɫ


707 
죬ŷúõд˼һȥ󣬱Ҫһ֮ڣŪҽ鱨
ҽҽҲѽ鱨עУһʱ䣬ϵ鱨㱻˹
ŷнҽһߣҪעҽĶ̬
ҽ磬ȴвٺԱ£ЩˣŷûʱǻֱٶҵЩˣȻɱǰȥЩ
ԽԽ¼ǿɱҲԽԽ࣬ʮױԴΪɱ֣¼һ
ȥɱ಻ŽΪĺԱûκġ
һ֮󣬹ŷִҽ紫͹ȥ
Ȼ֪ʲôսҪԼŷ嵱Ȼû˵ɡ
Ҳöս쵱ԼСŨȤȻˣǾ͵üӽΪϵˡ
ҽ硢ҽǱҪɱģΪŷûκ
ԻҰֻʵһߴ磬Ĳʲô⡣
ֻСʱѣСʱǰǿҽ磬ûκһĳԱ
ЩͨҽԱеͶģҲȡ򻨽ͬĳͷȫΪˣ
ŷ壬ҽоŽױԴϵǿ֮Ϊ˳˳ؾͻƵ˾Ž׳ڱԴ
ټһҽĻͻƵŽڱԴľͬȣ˳Ȼ顣
ŷȴڵʵЩġ
˵ʵǶս죬ʮױԴ£ŷûκĴùġ
Ϊֻ˵һ㣬ΪûеʮױԴŷôҲܴӮǬǿߵģ
˫Ĳ࣡
ԣŷֱ֮ҽľһӣľ͵ʮ۷屾Դ̶ȡ
ŷ弴ľȻо
Լǲ̫һ㣿
šʵԸ
θǺܼ򵥣һҽ磬ŷ׼Լһȥ
ҽбԴߣȫգ
ҽ򻨽ҽķչ˼·ͬ־Ӣչ˼·ңгԱԼˡ
Ҳ˵ҽԱСԱ֮⣬ˣɱ
ҪֹŷҪǻɱǾǶԲʦʦˡ
ֻһʱռȫ鱨ȻŷͶһǰҽ硣
ҽ磬ŷҲûȥòֱҽ˿ܼ֮Ȼͱ˹ȥ
ŷ׼ȽҽЩͨԱȸɵЩŽױԴϵģĥԼ似
ϴ似ͻƵʽѾкһʱˣȻʱ䣬߶ԣ似żûڹŷֿĺ˵ȴ㹻ˡ
ôʱĥϣŷҲѾ˰ʽĻϣֻҪĥһ£Ҳͻˡ
츫ľУԽ棬Խ
˵һʽͰʽʽҲŽֻǱȰһʽǿôһѡ
ʽһͣȴǰʽϣ
󣬻аʽʽʽʱ򣬲չʾ츫ľǿʱ
츫ɳڣ伶ȻκԴȵĹ似ˡڹԴеȹ似Ҳǲضã
ȴΪŷõԼ۳ģʩչ似֮ʱ˳Ǣ̶ȣԶԶͨԴǱܱġ
⡣
ŷ崫͹֮󣬲ûʩųԼơ
ϾҪ˸㶨ôʱҽ֡
һ·У赲ģŷԥؾͽնɱȻ뵽ҩ
ŷȥλãӦҽսӵפأаʮˣռгԱĽһ롣
ʮˣҲ඼ױԴߣֻһС߽ףԼٲְ˽ױԴ߼档
ѾǷǳǿһ֧սˣɴҲԼãͶ߽ױԴɣֻҰжôǿˡ
˵ǿЩ磬ҲǺΪġ
ʮˣŷҲʲô⡣
ϾʵڹӴˣԹŷȲ˾ø˷ֵİɱֶΡ
פԱߣԹŷʵЩȻֲĴڡ
󣬹ŷ˫һһڿ͵ӿ˲۳ʮ֧
ʮ֧ҲֻҪ˸أܽʮߣȫɱ
ŷȺ幥ɴ˿ɼ˺̶ֳȡ
ৡ
һŵƿۼһȴҲаټ뷢ƣʱƬصĳ
ǣȴЩ˷Ӧһ˺塯ҽУ
Ѫȣһݡ


708 ȼնҰģ
Ȼ˵ѪȣʵϣûжѪζ
ȴΪڹŷǿƥľ£ٶʵ̫̫ˣҲǳСֻСָͷϸ˵ĶͷûжѪ
ŷ壬һ߿ŹһЩ˵ʬ塣
꣬һʱҲɢҲż
ڹŷ˻ɱ֮£ֻ˰˸أʮˣȫΪȱΪӦеĴۡ
ʮ˵ʬ֮󣬹ŷ㼴ϥ£ʼա
̫ӴˣԹŷҲҪȫա
ʱ䣬ŷ建˫ۡ
ʮˣ˵ޱӴ󣬿ȴֻùŷӾŽ׳ڱԴ˾ŽĩڱԴѡ
Ž۷嶼ûе
ΪԽǸߣȻԽǻ
ҪǰĻʮˣȽףǶ
ҲȥӦȻǿôʵŷٴһ΢Сһսפء
פأֻʮˣһפأֻʮˡ
ԽٵפأΪȴԽǿ
ͱʮ˵פذɣΪ඼ĩڵ߽׳ڱԴʮ˵ģ߽׳ں߽ڡ
ҽսӣҲлֵȼġ
ⶼڹŷĿǷΧٶͳפس˹ȥ

ֱһפصʮȫɱ֮ҽ߲ǣź֪ط𾪵İɱ
ΪʱΪȻͻƵʮ׳ڵĹŷ壬ȴǡ
ΪɲĹŷ壬ҽ߲ǣ޲ҡ
֪֪ؽ˶ྫӢնɱˣʵԲԼ˿Աġ
ֻǲ֪Լҽ絽кޣɼǵãûп
ŷûйǷϻһȫһ˫ͳС
󣬾ʹſ͵ƣǳȥ

츫ǳ˳˰ʽ
ŷ壬ҲһУҽһнġ
ʽǺպƣŷʱЩز
ԵҰ
ǰʽ˵Ψһӡ
ƣͷ·ͷԴ޳̣֮һ̤ƽ̤飡
˵ŷΪ
ҽ֮ûκ⣬ͻƵʮڱԴ
룬ڼСʱ֮ǰֻǾŽ׳أͼСʱѣ߹ʮ꣬ǰꡢǧ궼һܹ߹ϰ
룬֮ǰֻǰ˽أż졭
룬ʮǰӦʮǰϾԼʮͻƳΪߵģŽʮѣʹﵽ˱һûﵽľ磡
ŷ¶ݵһЦӦһΧֲûκβ֮󣬾˴͹ĻȻͻֻؽ硣
ټֻؽ磬ŷȴûʲôȤ
ʵǿȵزŷѾ㹻ģԼȻκǬ۷ǿˣ
ӵд˵ʵԼҰֻرֲһЩ硭
ʱǿǣˣ
磡
ŷҰ֮𣬲ټκεȼն
ҳ̶ȣԽƬضȼ
صֻؽ磬ŷ徶ֱԼСԺȥ
Ϊ͵ô࣬ҪʱӦġˣȫƿǿ
صСԺŷ巢κͳɶŮԼķš
һʱ䣬Ҫ˵ģȻǶŮġ
ȴΪһ㶼ǸڹŷߵģõŷָҲ࣬ǱʣҲκ˲
Ҫһ㣬ڱŷעĻ֮֮
˵޷ŷֱգǹŷȴԽ˵ģʵתڣû֮ںϡ
ȴںϵûйŷô죬ɱɺࡣ
ˣܵ˵ǣôЩǵʵоŽױԴˣ
ǾŽĩڣǾŽڣ
֮죬զࡣ
ӦŷĵŮҲ漴ֹͣ߳Եķ䡣
ŷ壬ԷûУȥѽ
ĿؿŰɣ˵
ŷЦҡҡͷһһŮСЦˣҲ
ǳԴֲǶʲôоûУûн
ŷЦʵ
Ȼѽѵûע⵽𣿡
ڴһЦش
ŷһ㶣ɻسܿȥʱЦ
ոսʱûע⣬ʱȴ֣ƬԺκһյأǶ滨ݸ
ң⻹ͨĻݣҩģ
ЩȻǹŷ֣ܲҲԴ˷ڵ֮ǸΪˮ۵ļ֪һǻ˲֮Ľ
֮ȻӵôŨϢôʹһ˵ļΪˮۻȻޱȼ򵥵ˡ
Ůļԭʹƣһ֮󣬾ͷ·ȻļƷ覣˫
ǺǣǾͺãֻҪգǾ;һ㡣֮Ǳĺö
ŷһЦ˵
ţİɣ֪ģ
κͳɶŮףʾԼ֪ˡ
Ů̸ܰһ֮󣬹ŷ;͵ϥ£ʼӦ˱
ʵŷԶŮЩǸΣǰãʱ䣬Լҩ£ûʲôʱŮ
˵Լɲʲôϸɷ
ŷȴǣȫ֮ʣµʱ䣬Ů
ǰʦʦһ㣬ȥ翴羰Բͬķ飬ɽӣɶĽӡ
ⲢǲʵʵĻ룬ŷţԼڵٶȣԼҰֻصķչٶȣһ죬ˡ

£תۼ䣬һ¹ȥˡ
һ£ŷֻʱ䣬ȫӦ˱ʵ
ʣµʱ䣬ŷֻ飺
һ񣬾ȫռԳҽһ鱨Լһ鱨
Ұֻصʵ
Ȼ֮ټȥĵʬ壬ģһǾΪϸѡΣľ
ԣʱҲģŷһ£ʱ䶼Ұֻߵʵ档
ЧҲޱ;˵ġ
ڣԤӳԱΪ͵ģҲ޲߽ױԴΪˡ
ӣ߽ĩڡ
ֻҰӣȫǰ˽׳ڡڱԴ
ֻҰһӵȻΪɫģûһǵڰ˽ĩڱԴΪģ
лвٶǰ˽۷屾ԴΪģ
ô˵ΪһӾͽŷ洢֮͵ùˡ
Դ˹ŷ岢ۣΪһУΪ˽׼
ԣ
ǽ磡
ŷѾٵˣҲٵˡ
ÿÿ뵽磬ŷĵ׾ͻðһȼնҰֻ֮гΪ֮󣬲ܱ֮Ϊ
ΨһùŷеֵȴǣǶս죬˵ӦԼˡһȴٳûж
һԭȴǣȻڳǬΪ


ʮһ ֮
ҰĵĻȼգ


709 Ǭµһˣ
ŷϢǺ𾪵ġ
Ҫ֪䣬ǺܴģҲǶս죬Ҳֻаǧ꣬ͷѩͬȡ
ûȥãһȥؽ޴𶯡
Ȼ𶯣ͨû֪ˡ
ǧǬǿߣ
ŷҲզ࣬Ȼ
ȷǹġҪ֪Ǭǿ棬СģҲٶꡭ
Ȼȴùŷڹŷֵûʣ
˶٣ŷʱҲûٴγʵ뷨ȽԳҽ㶨˵
ֻ⡣
͵ȫռϣȥԳҽأȴ룬ʱȴϢƣսĳƺʧˡ
⵹ҲûʲôϢʱŷֻЦЦѡ
ǣණԼţţһǬǿȴٴεϢһӾʹ˹ŷʱĲ֡
Ӵʢϯϡ
ʱණ³桢ţţ˲ûжԶǷ׷׵ɴ˫ۣĿؿŹŷ壬ģ͸˹Ƶġ
ڲ̼ѻٻٻεûϴҪĿľΪ˺ͻҰֻغţҲûණǬǿôС
ţϵܣ㣬㣬⡭
ණһ죬һ˫ۣģﻹһǬǿߵ̬
³棬˿̵ıҲǱȷණòĶȥŵţ󣬶ܿĺˡ
Ƕ˶ˣţţ˾͸˵ˡ
ţţ˿̾͸ţͱˡƨһģһı飬ǡʧɫģ
ŷ嵭Цſˣֱ飬ŷѾȫߡ
ǺǣҲֻ״̬öѡ
ŷЦ
˻˵³涼ĳ嶯
ϴ˵״̬ҲͰˣξȻǣ
ϴΣܿôΪȻΣȴϢӦˣ
ʲôţŷ壬ҲʮױԴΪǿˣ
Ҫ֪ܳΪǬǿߵģûһڵġ
ǣȻǸӦŷΪ
Ҫǣϴιŷͻƣһ°
һ°
ﶼ˰ϵıȴʼû䡣
ȴΪѾŷ𾪵ֻʣ𾪡𾪡𾪣
ʱһǬɱ㰵ɱĻ״̬Իŵ
ϵܣܺϸ˵˵ʵڵʲôΪ˲
ණڱﲻסˣʵ
ҲǸϽ˶䣬©һְġ
ʵණǷǳʧģʵ̲סĺˡ
ŷںһʵ˵ʮڡ
׼ǵ׶ŷϣһǰ״̬
һĳš
һ֮󣬷ණ³Ȼعûʲô
ΪʵԼŵñ飡
ˣλϸ磬Էɣ˶ˡ
ŷһЦӣк
ණǿЦһۣ̾˿Ҳ˿ӡ
̾ϢƺҪеȫ̾ȥһ㡣
޷ƣԼ˶òŵʮڱԴ
£˵Ҳиϰɣ
ǹŷء
˵ˣ
ţƵضǰʮƷƣݺݵغһڡ
ƽʱǿ϶úһⰺƣ죬ȴˮ
ˣϵܣʵҪһϢġ
ණ˼ڲˣ͹ŷ˼֮󣬳˵
ȥŷΪˣⷹܶóԲ¡
Ŷϸ˵
ŷ¿ӣʵ
ϵҲõ˶սʧܵϢ˰ɣ
ŷͷණͼ˵ɾ֮ǰյϢ˵Ƕս׼һҪһ˼ĥԱٴȥǬΪ
ŷüǾͲһô϶ʵ
Ǻǣϵ֪ܲ类öôɣ
ŷĻණ˾Ц³ͽӿڼ˵ϵܣ񰡣ǿɽһա˵ǽҩУ˵Ǭǿµһ˵ҲС
һУȴǻΪǰʱĶֱӾߴ磬Ŀ߳ƣ㵱ʱǶսоŽױԴϵǿߵģ
ҽ磬ʮױԴΪǿߣȴɱһ˻ɱ
ʵ˵Ǭµһˣ֣
˵ţ³ͳ˳ŷ壬Цʼɣҵ׻ܴܲù㣡
³ĻȻõ˷ණ˵ͬ
һ̾ϢЦ


710 ĸ磿
³ĻŷֻЦЦûȥӡ
˵ʵŷ廹Ĵù³棡
һ죿
ŷΡ
ǵģϢĻһ죬СӾͻϵܣ㿴㡭
ණͽŵ˵ͷ˶٣̲סѹŷ壬ŷǲҪȥĽһ㣿
˵սֻ뵥ŷɵۣһ⣬ŷͻᶪ
ԣණͦͬŷȥӦսġ
ȻԴҲ˵ʲôֻǻѰˣȻÿŷԼԸˡ
ˣҲǲŹŷġ
ҩʦȻŸɣܿŷǸʲôԸˡ
ȻණĻ󣬹ŷ΢΢һЦûκα仯صȻսǱսɡҵֵûӱܺ
³˾ͲЦһŷԸȻˣȻҲֻе˵ͷٶ˵ˡ
ŷǶƱһļƷƣԶսͦεġ
ļƻӼˡ
£ҲͲЩ̸ˣһЩ飬ŷҲǾţռһпõϢ
ʵҪ˵Թŷ뷽ණڵĹϵŷֱӳԼĵӣҲӦò͸¶ȥ
»ǽһĺã֪֪治֪ģŷɲԼ״ӵع⡣
٣㹻翹ʵ֮ǰǲعġ
ΪŷԤУıʦʦģĳЩ
ŷ˷ųԵһ룬ʱȫһ㶡
Ŵ͹ĻķȥţţƵı飬³ͷණɫЩسŷ忴ȥ
飬ŷʱ֪˭ˡ
˶ս֮⣬û˭ˣ
һˣûȿƣ
ԣǿ
սϵƸͲκΣô޼ɵʩţѹͲһεġ
ŷĸһս
ŷ˻أһͬ˿Ƭ
֮󣬾˿ɤţ
οǴűԴ֮ģ֮󣬹ŷҿ϶ǳǳذ֮ĻҰ⣬
ҲΪСա֮ƣŸأû˵˶ʶȻֱӿںҪսˡ
ŷ廹û˵Ұֻضˡ
񣬹ŷڻҰֻسԱǾһĴڣ
ΪһУǹŷģ
ֶΣԼΪ
ҩĵɷã
似װҲһõģ
ҪǣŷǵģһŬǰĶһֶĶ
ԣ˵ǶսˣǷˣֻҪҶԹŷǶ֮ƴ
֮ܶǣսһֱӾͱƵãһ˷ŭŭĽ֣쳹ء
󣬱Ӱӳǳǳɹ͡ԵɱƣҲһ㣬յؽǳ֣
˵ڴ
ҰֻоŽʮױԴΪǿߣͬʱһ˷ŭŭȣֱָͻȻһĻֱ㶵Ķս졣
֮ǿս춼Ʋסֹͣ˺Ϣ
˱֣ҪǣҰֻصƣʵ̫̫һ㡣
ȫԱûһ߽ױԴΪģ߽װ˽ױԴ߸Ǳޱձ顣
йŷһµķŽʮױԴǿߵҲǼӣŽױԴǿߣǧأʮױԴߣҲǹٴأ
ȿֲޱȵǿսɣĳЩȽСģܱܲȵùҰֻˣ
پǻҰֻصЩװˣǽһ׳ۡ
߽ױԴߣȻȫ̵ǾżԴģ˼Դߣȫʮ
ھżʮԴߣȻǵװҲʮԴٿǵķ
ȥģĶǶ鱦
УһС֣ǵͼ
⡭⡭
սֱؿţѹͻز
ʵ֪ǣȴΪҰֻصʽʱ˿ȱԭ
Ͼ˾޴ģ»ҰֻصĲٶ࣬Ҳĵòˡ
ȻĻģЩŽʮױԴǿõĿɾͲǶ鱦ˣͬһĵͼ
˵Ҫﵽ̶ȺѣЩŽʮױԴߣһġ
ˣԴ֮Ĵǹˣľǽ
Ұֻڹŷ巢Ǵīַ֮ʮټչģ֮ĵͼҲͲΪˡ
ոĸ磿
ϰ죬սðôһ䡣
پɵسܿ˿лţԼǲĳˣ


711 ս
ҿ˿սջǿ϶һ㡪
⻹ֻؽ磡
ǣֻؽ磬ôܻ֮ǿߣ
ңװ˺ã
սɵ㶵ڵգȫ˸ղŻҰֻسԱŭ
ȻҪԸĻͷˣܵڻ޶ԡ
Ҳܿ˸ղƺ˺ԼɴţָۣԼӣŵؿżҰֻߴʵ㣬ǸղǺң
֣ⷬʱüҰֻͷߡ
ɵӲɣûӦ˵Ӧ˻ɵƵָԼıӣ˵Լ˺
˭
ŭʶսʱ򣬹ŷˣҶ°ɣû¡
˵ţһŷӰͳ˻ҰֻسԱǰؿŻĶս졣
ŷҲڹ۲Ŷս죬ģֺһ˿ζ
һŴǺ⣬ڷȴɢģţ°ϵĺҲֱ̣˿͸һʨû
ٿΣҲǴ׳࣬һ˫ȣ˿һͷ͵ʨ
ٸоƵĻЩŷȷˣһ伬ֵǿУ
ȻǾ֡ˡ
ڹŷʱҲ֮ʩſ
˵һ£ŷ嶼æҰֻسԱʵȥˣȴҲûÿ춼׵Ļ֮
յǳ٣ܱûеĺá
ÿһ㣬ŷ嶼ȥеľ裬Ȼ֮ںϡ
ԣ򣬹ŷҲ֪ʲôˡһŷȴܿ϶ٷ֮ٳ˵Զ
Ȼôùͬǵķණ˵̽أ
ҲƵ
ŷһ·ɹ֮ǿ뼸ҰֻسԱͬʩŵĶԶˡ
սȻǿ󣬿Ҳ޷뼸ҰֻسԱġ
ˣŷһ֣˶սĿ⡣
Ӧŷ޷ӦóǳΪжȻһպվ⡣
˶٣ŽŹŷ壬ǿɤʵǹŷ˰ɣ
ûȹŷشޱȿ϶һͷԼش϶ˣȻܱ֮ΪǬµһˣôҲû˭Ǭ£ӵƵġ
ŷЦӻ֣ʾĻҰֻسԱؽţҾģɡ
ŷĻöսһ㶡
ȻûϵŷͻȻðôһһֱӡ
ʶңŶԣӦõõϢˡܲ˵˵ٴ򰡣Ҷͦġ
սˣÿζϲϻֱӲ忪ս쾹ҪȺ͹ŷ˵˵ٴȻԹŷ˼ĺġ
ʱ򣬷ණҲѾϵ˹ŷߣս仰޲ɫֳ顣
ףλСܣôҲ
սһţţˣʱӵغ
սȻô˵溰ԼСܣţţ˵ǵͨ졣
޷Ϊʵ
ô治а
˰죬ţţһӵ
Сôʹ˵أǺʹ˵Ŀ𣡡
սȻŹţţţţۣҲۣһͷţһֻʨӣմ۵Сۡ
֪ģΪǻ࿴أ
ŷûйֱӿŶս˵㵽״򲻴򣿴ߣ
սʱ˿
˭֪ҵ·Ǻŵģϵԡ
ǣȴһս컹Ҫˣʹ򣬲ߣ
ľϵģ˭˭ӣ
ԶսĿӣȻ̲סˣҲ˵Ҫ͹ŷ˵˵ٴˣֱһ֣ͳС
ͬһʱ䣬͵Ҳ˲鲼ȫҲǱ֮ǰǿ˺ü
ŷҡͷһЦ˭˭ӡ
ѩӹŷ忴ϣսӣǲġ
Ҳٻػӻ֣Զһ㣬Ȼһ;޸ͳС
ʵŷʱҲ˷ܵģսһõĶ֣϶Ǻˬġ
ͬʱڿ͵Ҳ˲ƣҲٴǿ˺ü
ϣսˡ
ȥսһЩǿĶ֣ԷƱԼǿ󣬶սҲϰߡ
ԣڹŷϵѹƣͲں
ڵ˼ȫս棬һ˫۾ˣϵ˷Ҳǲڸǣʮһսˡ
ȻսǾɣ
ŷĵ׵ĿҲһޱȰȻشһŶսȥ


712 ڶغϣܣ
ŷֱӺͰԵ磬Ҳ˶սĵս
ãˬ죡
սһЦҲκηϻֱӳ޴ӭȥ
ŷһͬ㣬ǾѹͲ֪Ǻ⡣
ֻ֪һζǰ壬ȻҰķʽȥս
Χˣ˵˾ۿȫ߶ȫעؿţණλǬǿҲ⡣
չصеĸγɵˣʱҲǷ˳һۿ
ǻҰֻسԱεˣһֹۿ̬ţûκεĵġ
Ȼսޱǿ󣬵Ǭµߣû˭ܹŷȵˡ
ΨзණˣЩĹŷ᲻䣬Ϊǿ֪սʵжǿġ
һŷֱóǿ
ʲôӳɡȫӳϣҲǰʽ
ʵŷ˭սʵǿ˺ֵزԼһҰķʽսģԸȥ̽Էʵǳֻܴˡ
սȻҲ뷨ս״̬е棬һҲȫ
˫գ۽ӽ
أ䣡
ͬı촫ȴ˵˫ֱ𴫳ġ
󣬾ͼޱȴ۵ĹâʹΧ˶鲻Խ˫ۣ漴ǿҵ˼𶯴
ڴڰȫ򣬿ȻܹӦó֮ǿң״ﵽ˺̶ֳȡ
ֻо𶯣Լ۵ڿ졣
âϨɢӰͬʱܿƵسźߵɶȥ
ɵӰͬǣҲͬԶ
ǣ˷θ³Ѫͬȵģ
㵹ǧף˵Ӱͣ
ϸĿһȴ˵ǣȻֳһ˿Ѫɴ˿жϵóһս˾ȻǴ˸ƾУ£
ĨȥǵѪսϵ˷֮ɫԽ
˵ʵڻţţսʱûһѪģȻŷ壬ΪԼԼ֪С˶꣬ȴ
ܺúܺãڿشһˡ
˵ܽŷ֮ĥԼԼٴγǬΪ
ʹʹ죡
һĺ𣬶սһٴγŹŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷǲ˱ܣҲһ˷ܹâȻѸٵǿͺһͷ͵һ㣬Ʋɵ֮ˣ
Լãŷ˿̵ƣǿ˺ֵز
˲ŸոնʽȻɡ
ֻȴ˫һʩչһǣղǰͬʱʩչһǰʽ
Ҳ˵ιŷĹؽü
սһֻ޷ŷ㣬ͬʱʩչǴеĻôһغϵĽսذܣ
ȻҲֻ˶ѡ
ս쵱װܵĻôҲܳƵ֮ˡ
ΪҽĶӣ似ġ
ˣŷͬʱʩǰʽȴҲǲŲæ˲һԱ˲˶ٵٶȣȻ㿪˹ŷֹ
㿪ͬһʱ䣬ĹҲѾ׼ϣֱֱŹŷҸȥ
ǺպƣŷİʽҪʤһ
ŷжʱһս쾹Ȼ㿪Լһǹû뵽ġ
ٿŶսǱԼİʽҪǿһĹ֪һ֣Լ޷ȡƣᴦƣ
һ֮ԶսҰĹʽǾԻʤ׷ʱԼͻһֱȥֱܣ
һҧŷɲһֱƱѹŴһʩųҩϵ
սɻǰ㣬ԵڶغŷѾһˡ
䡭
һ죬˵໥ײһ
էһŷƲɵİʽȻޱ׵رսĹʣһĹػ˹ŷ֮ϣ
ǹŷ岻㣬ǶԷĹʵ̫̫ǿһ㣬Լ𣬸ûǸùȥ
ԣŷֻӲһˡ
أ
һ죬ŷûκصɹȥ
ֻƾսĹǿ󣬵ȴûдﵽǬ߲֮ԣ޷ƿŷмҩķ
Ҳֺݺݵزһ£ŷҲǿ𶯣³Ѫ
Ҳȷŷϣսʤ׷ŷκδϢĻᣬ˾ͬһֻʳʨһ㣬˿ζ
ڶغϣŷܣ


713 Ű
˶㶵ؿţǻҰֻسԱȻû뵽ŵڶغ϶ѣŷʹơ
ǶԹŷȴȻģͬҲ֪սʤԭ򣬾ΪĹ似似Զŷ塣
Ҫ˫似似ͬ𿴿
ŷڵһغϾܽս
ڵɵеĹŷ壬Ϊ㡣
˵ʵΪԼʽôҲڶս̫ġԼ뷨̫һ㡣
似棬Լڵ似ҪȰ츫ļҪս˲һ似Ƶء
£Լָʤأ
ѵһʼԼҪƵ÷ҩĵز
ŷţ뷨
һʼͷҩǾ͵ʧȥ˹ƽԣԼҲڷҩһ̣ˣ
ԣΪ˱֤乫ƽԣһսԲܷκҩս
ŶսԽԽӰٸоӿ˲ͽƻָ˵֮ŷĽ
ԣ
սȷռ似ľ޴ƣǣԼӵеƣҲԲǶսԱģ
޵֮Ļָ֣;ԿԴڲܵλ֮ϣ
챣ϣԼ¸
ȻŷֱǿҵĳڵɵУȻ޷ڵǣŷȴֱӵҩڵ˲۳ǰʽ
ڰʽһɣŷҲȻͦȡ
ʱս죬ҲѾˡ
ٿս죬ʱǳ˾ɵġ
Ȼʵ󲻳ΪڱɶеĹŷ壬ô۳µĹġ
Ҳöˣ֪ŷʵǳ֮гĽŷ峹״ܣ
ԣһȣһٴαܿ˹ŷһ֮ɵĹҲŹŷ¡
ȻΣŷ岻ǵȥȴսĹˡ
ȻҲ޷ǹŷȴעŶսǹÿһ˿һĶ̬ͬʱҲţԼȥܿ
һξĥ似Ļᣬŷɲ
˼УŷĹҲûţһսľ޴ײһ
Ȼǰ㣬ٴβһ£ŷѪ˳ȥ
ֻε;Уŷȴǳ˼뵽ĺУ˳ԽԽϤֻ֮Ŵζѣŷ˳˳ؽ뵽ĺС
һĺǶ似ĸйپȫһˡ
ŷֻһС־۹ս󲿷־רо似
ٿս죬һе֣ȻûзŹɣٴ׷ϣԵǰҰ
˵ս˿ŷǱŰһ
˵ʵҲȷˣһжʱĶѡ
ŷ巴ҲŴܶս죬ʵҲôѡ
Ϊŷ廹һκ˶֪ĵûг
õ֮ôˣŷ嵱ȻֻǵԴ֮ãԼںϵС
ôõо֮ʮǰŷѾˣû֮뵽似湥ķ
ȻûгԹжô󣬵ַŷ岢ôԸȥԡ
ΪַĹǻĻ֮ģ
֮ҲֻСָ׸ôһѣ򲻵ѵ£ŷ᲻á
ˣܵ˵ǣŷڲȥܶս죬֣Լвʱ䶼û似ٴһǺüȼ
սš
ŷҲǲϵţеһжǰѭݡ
ܡɡѪ
Ȼڶսٴε֮ǰƣѾָ֮
ԣ𿴹ŷһֱǱѹŴ򣬿ʵϣŷѹëʧûеġ
۶ս죬ô֮Ķͷ֮ϣҲֳЩ顣
ԣôǿȵĹ
ȻҪȫĴûиСʱôҲܵġ
Сʱ
㹻ŷ彫似׶һˣ
ء
䡭
ۡ
Ҳ֪˶ãΧ۵ĻҰֻسԱѱѭľˡ
Ҫ˵ּսӦޱȾʵġǣһжԵȻζأ
ңѹŴôãŷҲÿÿѪΪѹûһµӣ
ҰֻЩʮױԴߣҲûпʲôһˣ̲סشһǷ
ȻҲǱѹŴǹŷԭˡ
ҪǻǶս챻ѹŴ򣬶սҲûʲôĻҰֻسԱҲһῴýζġ
УΨзණˣ񽥽
ת˼䲻ţ


714 ռѷ죿
ţҿʲô
Ƿණ˴ʱĵΨһ뷨
ʼʱҲûзʲôһֻ֪ŷҪˡ
ѹŴ򣬿û˭ֶܼá
ȻСʱȥڶս춼̲סŷȴȻʱˡ
ĸ׵̫ˣ
˫ģôƴƵģǶսأ
ȴ𾪵ĵط
𾪵ģڹŷһδγԵضܶ
ͷһСʱŷǴδζı
ʱ򣬷ණҲûзʲôͬ
ǣڶСʱʱȴȻ֣֪ʲôʱʼŷ嶼ѾԱܿսһйˡҪǶսޱȵ׷϶ϣٴνڹŷϵĻ¹ŷ嶼ֱܰѹŴ״̬ˣ
Ȼ󣬽սҲͽ˹ŷܹ㿪һ£սҪܹõѭһĻ
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Сʱʱֲ֪ʲôʱʼŷȻܹǿǿ϶սٶˣ
ҪǶսںޱʩչǿٶȵĻ»ùŷ㿪
ΣҲһĻǹŷܹ㿪սιڱսǿȻ󵹷ɵһĻ
ȻսУ似
ҪǷණٲ׹ŷ⣬ǾͲǬǿˡ
ǣ⣬ôأ
ĸߣսʱ򣬶һһսһ˼Ҵڣ
ΪһʧǿɾǻذܣǶ鰡
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ҵĸԹԣս죬Ǳذˣ
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Ҫ˵Լô಻Ĺ£ţţǬǿߣҲˣ޷ս˵ġ
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⵽ʲô
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սоԼĿˣʼãԼҹŷսǲһľˣ
˵֮ΪСաԼҲȷޱȳտϲɵս
ԸȥԼϵһ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
ͺһͨˣһȭһȭȫһ޻ȻÿζὫ޻ðȥָһջأ޻˲ָ֮ǰģһ㣡
Լһһ
Ʋûٳá
͵ս챻Ƶòսʱ򣬺Ȼŷ͵һ
󣬹ŷӰʧ˶ս
ͻöս첻һʵҲ֪ˣŷڽԼ֮似Լ似Ƿǳŵġ
ңҲұ֤ⳡս֮Уŷ޷ܹӵùԼѹƣ
ǣǰһʲôŷأ
ղŹŷٶȣôԼ似ҪһƵģ
ڶս۳ĹҲ֪ʩŵʱ򣬺ȻһɼΣյźţ͵ڶս
ӦΣյźţսʱһȥٶȣͳԱ߶ȥ
ৡ
㿪һʱ䣬һƿ֮ղվĵط𣬶󣬱һ׳ʮ׿ĳκɫѷ죬Ȼ֡
תͷȥһ·𿴲׵ĺɫѷʱ򣬶սͷ˲ð亹
ԶණľҲռѷ죡


715 
ռѷ죬ǰ˵һ˵ǹܳܵļ£˺ѿķ϶
϶򱻳֮Ϊռѷ졣
ռѷ죬Ϊ˿ֲǣѷȻڵʱ伫̼̣һʱ䶼ûС
ǣȴһӴһʲôʤ˭ȥռУҲǳѽ֮ǿյУ
һǿյУ¾ǬǿߣҲûǸˡ
ԶԶֻƮ
Ҫһǣǿ浽̲ʲôΣգ˭
ˣǬǿߣĿռѷ죬ǶжԶԶġ
Ȼȴ÷ණ֮ڡ
ߴ磬Ȼ֮ΪߡôȻֻԴƫ硢ܿܿС硢ǿ
пռȶԣҲԶԶǰߡ
˵ƫ磬һױԴΪߣȫһƫɿռѷ졣
ܿܿС磬ױԴ߼ɡ
ǿ磬Ҫٰ˽ױԴߵȫһγɿռѷ졣
ߴ磬ΨǬڱԴߵȫһпܣ
Ҳ˵ŷһȻﵽǬڱԴǿߵȫһĳ̶ȣ
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⣬Ҳ÷ණΪ𾪵ĵطҲʹţŷ嵥ǹͳţţˣ뷽ණȼ磡
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Աȶս컹ҪӿٵٶȣٳŶûüվȵĶսͳ˹ȥ
սأôҲŪףôͻȻ֮䣬ŷٶȱԼأ
ʵ֪ǣôСʱĺټսģܴﵽЧƽʱĺʮϡ
ڸղţŷǰһСʱ֮ͻĳϰﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
ȻȻģٶҲ͵ˡ
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ȴҲûӿһŭ޴ҰسŹŷȥ
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ƾսĹ似ǿŷȥҲû˿취
ӦļΣ֮£սֻʩųͬΪмķ֣Ȼһ㿪˹ŷһİʽ
һȴôҲ㿪ˡ
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һɣ֮ǰѹƹŷһĻҲչ֡
ŷ˶ӰΣаʽҪƵսӰҲδεɡ
ֻսûйŷֿԵڵԲ޷ɣֻɹŷ彫Լɣҷ֣Ҳòڴ洢
ֻǣڴ洢ȴ޵ġһάָʮغϣսκηˣ
սԼΪһ㣬Ȼޱƣ룬ȴ벻κοѹƵķ
ѵ
ԼҪ
սŵţ˵ʵδԼһ죬ȻһΪԼǱԼС˲֪Ķȥ꣡
һĻĻҰֻسԱ޲
Ǿ֪Ǿ֪϶ģ
ⷴѹƵһĻȻҲͬղǰȻζʱȴ˿оˡ
ýζѪڣͬʱţŲغأǸʲôս죬ѾɫЩǺ
һԵķණˣ˿ĿɿڴؿͻȻתһĻоԳ˹Ͳ˼顣
ʵһʼǾûŷʤ
Ͼսʵڳŷ̫̫࣬似ս飬ԶԶǹŷԱġ
벻ҪģȻǶսδйһܵ
ϵܡȻ
ս죬ϣĸʣϵᲢ۵ģ
ʱ仺
СʱڻҰֻسԱһһĻȥ
ҲڶսԽǺɫйȥ
ء
һ֮ս̲סˡ
ˡ


716 磡ϣ
ˡ
Լ֣һѣٿŹŷɵĿ͹սǿЦһѵ˵ΪһӶ˵֡
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ŷ廹ǸȻģϵĵȻ΢ЦûбսĻͷˡ
Źŷһ仰Χ컶
ȻǾûΪŷ䣬ȴҲսѲͼ֡ڣʵЩס
ණˣսǼѵ֮ޱ㵣ٿŷַ˾޴Ĳͬ
˵ǰǺ͹ŷύֻǿ˹ŷķչǱԼױȵҩ츳ĻôڣѾŷԼͬ
ܴӮս죬Ѿ˵ŷʵѾٲ³棡
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ණʵ޷ȥˡ
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ˣ죡
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Ӧ֪һ˾һӮһΪСܡ
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ŷǵЦ⣬ս֪ŷڵ٩Լǵû˵ÿ˾ĶԼҲֻ֪˵˵ѵģҪ˭Сܡ
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Ĵ磿
ŷü
ǵģĴ磡
սǳص˵ͷ϶ص
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ԣҩȥ֮󣬶̶̼ǧʱѣǾһԾһǬĩǿߣңҵĵ̣ҲûΪȥκˮ
ΪǵĺͲֶεķչң𵱳ʱֻǿ
ȫ˵ȴ粻̸ϵ棬ǣǳͷ֮һ
ǷණҲȥҪǱĺ֮ϣԼƿصǵܱԷˡ
ֻ˵ȥĻ͵óȥˮԳԶˣԼҲôѲ˸ϵġ
ôˣ֪ˣʵҲֻҪǺֽҰֻظˣ֮ټӪ棬һǽ֮µġ
˰죬޻˵ʵĿġ
ȻԴвණ˼뼺Ӫһ£ԭ򣬻÷ණԼֽҰֻظˡ
ΪֻҪණվڹŷǷģôǵ޷ŷɱԼΣˡ
˵ʵ޻ص飬ණﻹôһĶġ
ϾƬи꣬մȾһա
¿ͷ˵ٺãƽʱϵټ̣أĴ£ΪԼǣҲ޿ɺǵġ
ȻҲôЩ˲ͬ
ͱ統Ұֻصףӡٻٻһˡ
Լڵţţˡ
³棬˸Ҳ¶Щɡ


722 
ôģ£޻ؾˣ
ֻҪںվͬһߣҰֻصĻҷǳԱ£ҲؽӪܵͬȵĴ
ණ³˱Լ˵Щ⶯ˣ޻ͷʱϲæȴص
Ѿƨ
ţţţӾһмߣֱ
һôЩŷĽӴޱϲŷΪˡ
Ǹû⶯ȫûвκĿ棬ȫǽŷ嵱Լֵܡ
šǰѹŷ嵱ֵܻǽãǾֻԼ֪ˡ
ţţһǵԼ棬޻һ
û˵ֻ³Ȼһ֣ţţȵСţ죡
תͷ޻أ˵ͬĽ飬ҲվⷽӪϣܹ⡣
˵꣬Ͷţţһ֣ת׼ֱȥ
;Ҳûȥŷһۡ
ԽȵˣԽĥ˷â˵㣬ǽй˼֣ʡʱơ
˵Ĳ㡭ǽˡ
ȷһͷǰ³ѡ˵ͷ
ΪһѡȻվڹŷһߣô֮Ҳӽɱ
ҲͬףԼöһͬϵһ˶ǳ֮ˣȴͷ­
ߣʶ࣡
޻ؾһȻ˼ҶͷôȻҲȥƽЩˡ
³ոշɵ;ӦţţϢûиǰɻתͷȥͼ㶵ؿԼǲš
ԼǸεرġ
³üͷһ壬Ȼţţ˵Ը񣬵ʱΪҪΪʵѡ
ԣֿڴȵǶ˻վʲôߣ
˺ǳ˵ģ˶ĺǳ⣬Ҳƴӣǹ˳
ȻţţȴŲûŲһ£ǰЩţǱĵؿޱͬĴ硣
ȻҪߣ߰ɡ磬һˣֻҪ̤͹ĻôӴԺύҲثִ磡
״˵ˡ
һĽᣬ˵Ķȴǳһָˡŭӡ
¼Ѿ³泹׿ˡ
Եģֻ޻صһвѣ֪ǻ᲻ΪһԳҽǣ³ͺԥ֮ǰڷϣֵܵˡ
Ҫ֮˭ĸˣҲӮĻ³棬᲻Ҳԥѡܱأ
𰸣Űٷ֮ʮĿԡ
ǰٷ֮ٵĿԡ
ˣ䵱
Լֵ
쵰֪˵ʲô𣿣
˻ٿţţǱĵɫ³ʱͿ
ǵȻ֪˵ʲôСӵĻҲҵ˼£ţţǳˣҲ̤봫͹ĻˣţţͶ췢ģ磬Ӵ˾
ţţԸԸҪΪֱһ㣬ֱⷬӾͶ³֮Ĺϵ
˵Щʱһţϵĳ֮ɫԱеıøҪֱӡ
Ҳ³һѿ˼㣬Ȼû뵽ԼƴӵˣȻԼ
ãããȻǾʹɣȵҹǵʱȥȥɣ
³һǺ죬ãͺһֱһתûκؾͳŴ͹Ļȥ
ߣڲڣͲˣţţɱҲվģԲһ
ţţһ³ıӰͺôһ
ͱ˵ɫͿԿʱģ϶ǳ˱ġ
Ҳǣֵܸˣ˵ƾƣ˵Ѿѣ³֮Ҫţţ³磬ҲȻǲܵˡ
ţţغ³ȴûʲô顣
УģҲһմȾ˺ü㣬ʯĳˡ
ܿ죬³ͷɵ˴͹Ļ涪˼űԴʯ꣬һâһʧԭء
ߺ޻ϵͲмԽؿţţһۣͽĿת˷ණϡ
ණʵҲһֱԥģ³ԥȥ֮ҵǿҲһ̾Լľ


723 ණս
޽ͬ
ණʱȭ˵Լľ
ܺãҲҪ³һȥ
޻ޱⷽණľ漴ʵ
ʵôҪණҲȥġ
ţţˣģȻҪվڹŷһġ
Ƕ˵ΪȻԼֵĻԼҲ޷ڶʱսʤ
оԳԶѾ̷ҩһʱˣҪ˶ãͽһغʱһȵŷ뽫ŷԼҰֻһټȻҲʲô̫ܵ顣
֮ܶϣණܹԼŷɱ
ණҲ޻ص˼Ȼ˾Ҳ͸ɴһݣΪ˱ŷ֮γɾ޴ֻнɱˣ
֮ǰŷ̸ֵƣʱѾȫȻȴ
Ψһ˼ŵģֻԼԼ
İɣ죬ҰֻصˣһҲӲ
ණɫʱֳһ˿֮ɫҧݺ˵
ãããģ֮һǾټģ֮õĺôҲ󣡡
ණĻ޻ص»ʱ̲סЦЦУ˼ɱ¾
ţţˣණľ֮ϵıĸΪԡ
ͬʱҲǲԼͬϰףһͱӵؿŷණȴӿֳһɱ
⣬ԣ
ǺãȽ˸ˣȥСȥ
޻ؿԶԹȴȥԳԶ֪ܶˣٺһЦһָĺ;迴ߵţţͶԷණԸ
ණĮȻȥͬʱͷصһġ
˵꣬һһɿͶ嫵˼͵ɢǺպƣԳԶǿ˲ֹһ
ҲǬǿߵĳȻʵˣȻͼණΣȻһӰţţ˳˹ȥ
ţţˣȻҲ֪ǰһӣֵܵķණһսǿණеĮȻɱ֮ĵ׸ӿֳһŭ
ˣЩҲá
Ȼ˲ˣҲ壡
£˶һۣκγɣһơ˲ɡ
Ȼ󣬱໥վһ𣬵ȴණɱ
ֻֿսĻضᱻණһƣΨվһ𣬲иʤ㣡
٣Ҳ̫죡
ණǰȥҲ͹ϰˣ޻ʱһ䣬һӣһָھȫɱԳҽĻҰֻأɱһ
һ䣬͵ؾͿֱһʮױԴǿսκͳɣжʱһɫٺٵŮ˾ͲҪɱˣţ
ЩȻҲ޻صԸͬʱٺһЦȴһ˿ϧ֮ɫ
λɫŮˣҹҹҪ޻صĴȥˡ
ʱ޻صӰҲ˲һͳŹŷɱȥ

һУ˵ʵϹò̫á
޻һֱҲֻӶѡ
ӣŷ岢ûٶ֣Ȼע˻֮ĹԽԳԶɱˣǳ޻ôһ֮󣬹ŷҲ籩¶ŵơ
ڶ³ͷණ˵ѱ䣬ŷֻѡ˳Ĭ
ûȥޣϾ˼ֲǷԼġ
ԣ³棬ŷ岢ûк⡣ȻͿԶʧԼǰˡ
ණҲ³һѡȥĻŷҲô
ǣȴѡԼΪУ
ңţţɢɱȻҲǴ˱ɱ֮ġ
⣬Ͳǹŷԭµˡ
̧۳޻ؿȥӦ޻˿ڷණ֮󣬹ŷĵ׾һ
˵ʵԸ޻أŷûκġ𿴺ԳԶɫܽɱǬ֮֮Ĳ࣬Ҳ屶ϡ
ˣ޻أŷԱ֤ܣʤĿܡ
ԱȴһԳԶԼԶһණ
˶񣬹ŷоһ
ʵڲеĻֻһ취ˣ
ٶ룬ŷȫע޻صһһ˫ֹҲһ׼ԲӦ䣬ԼƣǬڵĳǿߣǿʲôز
Գ֣ɱɣ
޻ȻҲŷģ˻ûȵˡ
ã
ԳԶĻشܼ̣Ҳ
Ϊ֪ɱ˹ŷ壬죬ԼҲˡ
ˣԹҲãֻۿŷԼУðһ㡣
ĴˣȻӹɵġ
ֻһ˲䣬Ƭ֮ڣֻԳԶ۷ˡ


724 ԳԶ
ԳԶ壬ҲŹŷʱ޻ҲѾˡ
˳һһңлķʽͬʱɣҪٶȽŷ
ŷĿλǿߣ˵ʵŷ岢ûκһܹ¡
ԣʱɲʵʱ򣬵ŷ촽ֽ˼£ʱϾ˸֮ɫ
УҲͬԺɫΪҫۡ
ͬһʱ䣬ŷҲȻǣ˲ʹﵽƥж˵ĳ̶ȡ
ԳԶ޻ضˣŷһѪɫʱǶֳһ˿Ц
ڱȵȡҩˣ
һˣôҲ·һ
ҲʱǵĹ׷׵
ŷ̷µЩҩʲôƶٶȵİʲôӹٶȵİȵȵȵȣԣЩҩҩЧһӷŷʱ͸оǳһ㡣
˵Ĺŷ岢û¶κεӣһ˲ǵļлΧ
ٶͽȻô࣬ƾǿ빥ŷ壬Ҳûжٿˡ
ȻŷҲһζ㣬Ұֻǲõĵģ޻شļ˼սԷһǧһٶԻҰֻصսĿҲСС
ţţ˾Ͳͬˡڷණķ񹥻֮£ǽڽڰˣٲǰȥ֧ԮǾΣˡ
ΪԼǲϧԼԼΣУŷ壬ȻҲûȥɣ
£һ㿪ԳԶ˵Ĺŷ岻˷׼ᣬͷԳԶȥ
ԳԶ𽥿ʼˣϹŷҲ֪ٱĹܳܵסǲż˹ˡ
ԣŷĹɫȻһ䡣
Ȼ֪ǱˣȴҲԸڹŷ
ʱûǸߣֻؿŹŷĹԼ¡
޻ȻҲԳԶôȥϣԼҲǴ򲻹ʵ͵ǿôĹŷġ
ˣûκԥһȣ˾ͬһֻ岶ʳӥԼٶȣ֮ضȥ
ͬʱйҲǳŹŷԥ£֪޷ڹŷ幥֮ʱسɹҲֻԹķʽȹŷͣ¡
ŷô׵
·ûз޻صĹƵģ޻صĹԽԽԼе˫ҲԽԽ
أأ
ž
죬ǰǹŷĹ䵽ԳԶϴġ
һ޻صĹƿŷֵ
ۣۣۣ
ۣ
üȴ³Ѫˡ
ǰģȻԳԶ
ڹŷĹ£ƴȫ˾ͬ䡯ӵһ˳ȥͬʱڿѪߡ
һǹŷˡ
Ȼٶȶ˲֪ٱɷȴûб䡣
ԣ޻Ǭǿ߸ŷҲܿƵطţͬʱҲһ̺Ѫ
ңңȥԳԶʱϣֻмţҲŤŤ㱡һȻûɱȴҲ˶ˡ
ڣҲûκս
ٿŷ壬ĺֳһɼǣֱľѪڣѪ
һŷˣ
Ǹ˵ĻһʱᣬҲ϶κս˵ġ
Ȼ޻û뵽ǣŷӰŸոͣ£Ϊ˶԰׵ɫͻָ˲Ѫɫ
ںΣͿˡ
ȴĸӦŷϢֻ΢Щѣңڲϻָţ
찡⣬ô£
ղԼһȻûнˣ
ôܣ
޻شؿŹŷĮȻб˵һ仰
ԼĹġ˵ǹŷʮױԴˣǬǿߣܵոһҲǾûйŷôɵģ
ţŷûš
˿ȥⱳʹŷһ˱ͬɽ֮һ㣬ޱȿ͵ƣٳԳԶȥ
һһ˵ĻԳԶǱɣûκδĿԵġ
޻Ҳ㣬˫ʵȵϹȥʱ򣬿¹ŷѾԳԶɱˡ
ˣֻôؿţŹŷ˫˸ŵ㺮â£ٳԳԶ¡
㲻һֱܺ棬֮䵽ʲôԹ𣿡
ŷֳһ£һԹԳԶ
ԳԶһ㶣ŷĴڶ𣺡ΪΨһˣ
һ£˫Ҳͬʱ
ৡ
пǺİ¹⻪Ҳ˲ԳԶ廮
ԳԶʱȻŻȻ̬ȴþû˶


725 ǬǬϣ
ɱԳԶͬʱڳսˣԶķණţţˣǲͣ㶵ؿ˹
ˣж궼ûǬǿˡ
ǵϴΣҲмǧûǬǿˡ
һ˺ЩҩԳҽԳ졢ҽ硢ҽ硭ȵȵȵȡ
һΣѵҲϴһһͻϺü
ŷȴûǵ뷨һӣԳԶ㱻սҩС
ͬʱƻ֮룬Ȼֳ֮֮Ƭȫ
ŷ岢ûв̽еĹΧɱʦ顣
Ϊ֪£ԳԶһ֪ȻˣҲûҪʱ档
ҪģȽȫգ
ûȫգ
Ҳǹŷܹ뵽Ψһ취ˡ
ȻԳԶɱ֮޻غͷණ˸ԼвҲôˡǹŷҲֻǣȴôҲġ
ѣԲǹŷġȲ˵޻ӻȥһ󻼣˵ǵˣ;Բ뿪
ҪΨһ취ǽԼΪǬ
ŷھȫľʵʱ򣬷ණ޻صҲ˹
ٿŷ񣬾ͱøӲһˡ
Уη֮ɫ
ΪҪ֪˵Ļŷ䣬ǲʮġ
ôһʮ꣬ȻһǧǬǿߣ׵նɱ
ǿԵǱΪ֮
һŷϵɫ֮ͲɰԽ
Һһ֮󣬹ŷҲȥˣȻһߵĻǱԼЩˣҪ˶þͻµȥԳԶˡ
ƺΪһĹŷˣ޻ؿɲٵȥ
æණϽţţ˽֮ԼԼһ޲ٵٶȳŹŷɱȥ
ֻȴûжٵˡ
ԳԶôһǬǿ߱ŷɱһ棬˫սʧأҲһ棡
Ϊոճտһ˫սľƣⲻãһɫʱ
ԭΪҰֻǿҲܹͬʱԸһԼͬߵġ
ԼˣǴش
һڶԷΣ
ҰֻسԱΪߵģΪ͵ģѹͲһһģһ壡
ֲһˣҲֻҰһӵЩСдӳԼɳӵЩżһʮڻ£
˴򷨣ǶԷһ
ȫǱ˼Ҹ¾
һ£޻ôҲˡ
ʵû뵽ҰֻصĳԱʵȻǿز
յ޻صĴණҲҵȴһȣٴγţţˡ
ţţˣʱ϶˲ʡ
СС˿ڲ°׵ͬʱҲĵú
۷ණȴûС
ȴΪ˫ʵ̫ˣණֻܹһţţһܡ
ˣֻܷܡ
һҪ˶ã˾ͻȺˣһˣҲԶˡ
ණȻҲ֪һ㣬Թø
ֵȾƣ̸ֵܣھ޾ɱ⡣
˵ŷ塣
Ǭǿߵٶȣó˹ŷ
ǸʮױԴߵĻôʮʮʱ䣬¶Ѿһˡ
ǣŷȥȴֻٷ֮һѣ
ȻŷҲ֪Ǭǿߣ꣬壬ԶԶʮױԴ߿ɱȵġ
ջȴҲûʲôν֮ŷҲ̫С
޻ٴɱŷͷֳһС뾫ãʣµһ㾫ŵ޻ϡ
ʽ
һأŷȡ
޻ҲɲԼԼҲɱȻˣҲûҪһζԲ䣬Ӧˡ
ɱɱɱ
޻صȡ̶Ƚ£
޸ͬʱʩչʽͺǻΪΪһֻҫűһֻҫŴĿ⡣
⻪̶ȣԶ޻صĹ
޻ȻҲͨʽҲʩųԼȫһ
ĿҲŷһղŹŷԳԶսôãҲһ롣
һԼֻҪȫһĹŷĵҩЧȥ
ŷ־޸޻һתŲ˿ȥ
ͣκ似ó뻯㿪ŷĹҲΪ档
󸫵ĹɾͶ㲻ˣгŷ޸ײ˾޴ޱȵĺ
󣬾ͼӰͬʱˣһֻʮףһһǧס
˵ԶģȻǹŷˡ
ǿȻǲ࣬ôһ£ùŷ˲ơ
ȻһʱѣѾָòˡ
޻أؿһƣȻûˣ£ٷ֮ٻ˵ġ
˵ؿڷưɣôת۵Ĺ򣬹ŷ˶ָˣ޻ؿȴȻơ
ԼãȻŷ޻ز࣬ǻָ
޻ؾҲˡ

ŷӰոסһǰ壬һȣٴγ޻ء
޻صȻҲʾһؾӭ
ܿ죬˫ײһ
һΣ޻ȴʮףŷ壬Ǹպһǧס
ȴΪԳԶѾȥ˽ʮ룬ʮ룬ùŷΪѾʮ۷̶ȣ
ϣͽͻƵʮĩڣ
ǬǿߵȻЩԴ߿Աġ
ֻ⼸ʮ֮һùŷ˾޴ͻơ
ǣȫ޻ص֮ټϹŷԼΪͻƵǬڣĲʲô¡
޻Ҳо˹ŷһ仯û̫⣬ΪŷǷҩĽ
Ȼٴζ˽ʮغϣ޻˰˰ףŷҲʱ޻ںȻˡ
ŷڸĸоȻѾʮ۷屾Դ̶ȣһּͻƵǬ֣
ٿŷ屾ҩҲһˣǷǵûκļ󣬷Խ
⣬ô£ѵûзȡҩ
Էˣ
Ȳ˵ѪɫΨȡҩŻ֣ûзҩĻŷ岻ܻǿ
ǣҩ֮Ϊλûֳļأ
޻ذ˼⣬ԽǿĹŷ壬ȻǴ
ȥٴʮغ֮ǲǶӵǬǿΪˣ
ǰĻǡ
ǻô˭ù֣
У취һҪ̵ʱڣŷˣ
󻼣Բ
оһ£޻ʹ˷ණңȽӻɱԲˣ


726 ǬǬϣ
ôһţţˣѾȺˡ
ʵ޻زзණǰŷҲһţţбܿණԼԸ
ණûлش𣬶ֱһתţţˣŹŷɱȥ
;У似ʩţݣȫȻǻһƵá
ŷֻǵؿһ̣ǳ׵Ľණ˵ˡ
յڣŷѾͻƵǬĸоˡ
ȴ֪ӱԴǬϵı仯Ҫͻƣ϶ô׵顣
ܵ˵ǣҪͻƵǬһʱܴﵽġ
٣ҲҪȫתΪ߲ʵġ
ǣҲıԴ֮
ʽ
һŭ𣬹ŷǿ͵ٴо޸֮ۡ
Ǻպƣǰ޻غͷණͬʱһ
ΪѾоŷʱĹѾгԽǵ˼ˣ
Ҫ죬Ҫ
ޱȿ϶뷨
˫ۿӽ
ΣŷѡӲӲ
һһˣŷ˫󿪣ڷ裬һħ
ɣǬڣжôǿ󣡡
ŷӭϣҰ̬ĻڳҰֻصˣоһѪֱţ˲ʿǣ
⣬ǵ
ǿ˰Ե
ͬʱҰֻسԱĹҲ׷ױҰԵһʱ䣬ŭ죬ҽ
䣡أ
죬Ӱͬʱˣ˹ײĵشֱҫԽѹµĴĿâ𶯣ֱӽа׸߶ȵĵ棬һʹӣ
ɼĵش𶯣׾޴ʲôز
£ʮ۷屾ԴǿߴУûмĻԻ˲䱻˺Ƭ
ۣ
ŷ岻Ƶ³һѪ
ֱ̧ۣĨĨǣŷȴЦ
ǬǿߣҲеô
õԼΪͻƵǬˣڣ϶
ŷǲˣǱ޻غͷණȴɫޱѿ
û뵽ԼˣǬǿߵֹɵЧȻֻùŷ³һѪ
ԼأȻûпѪڷӿؿڷƣѪҲԶˣ
֣һ֣
˶һۣԴӶԷпء
Ȼǲ⣬Ϊιŷ̷ҩûаļ֣ŷˣȴʵ
һߣ󣬱ؽΪԼ˵ʣ
ڣǲûŷܹǻɱ
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Ͱҽһ˲䣬ŷ͸оĲһ
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κͳɶŮͲμӷĵģεģһ˫ҿһЩװϲ·ȥȫûмμϵһûʲôı
ҲԵ÷ǳĺ͹ڶŮ󿴿Ϊû¶κβͷ̬
ǺǣˣȥμɣЩ·еǻ򡣡
ŷȻҲ˶ȣЦԴ·ĶŮ˵


739 һźŹӣ
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ŷ΢΢ͷ˿ߣȻһָԱߵһҲݣЦУǺãȻʱúܣǽȥȺȲ裬ϢϢٽŹɡ
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ⲻ˵ˣҲٽظ˲ǧˣЩҲظ˲ǧˣȴûһ˻оζÿѪڣѡ
ΪߵĻ˵ñȽᣬԱǸСҲûע⵽ʱһŷ弸˾ȻǸԵȥ϶ʱͼˣæܵŷǰ棬Ϊòſ˫ۣס˹ŷ˵ȥ·
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ŷΪҽˣǬǿߵݣ˵ǵһźŹˣǷѩרλҲǲҷһƨġ
͵׼ǳСʱ򣬹ŷȴֹ֣˵ȻֱǸλȥڵСУƮȻǶ⿪ŵλãʲôһźŷҹûΣ
˵껰ʱ򣬹ŷѾһƨ˿λ֮ϣȻ
γɶŮԼǸȻҲǰκͳɶŮ࣬˶档
ǵСֱŷȫ£ڻع
عһɲǣɫǳ׵ز԰
֪ǸһźŹӵжôԵ竵ģһԼרȻ˸ˣԼҪ꣡
㡢ǿԼɲҰ
СæΡΡܹȥ촽ŵöˣκͳɶŮҲЩ
ŷ壬ҪǾ߰ɣһλѡ
ѩСŹŷֱۣ˵
СҲŹŷһֱֻۣҲͬ˼
ŷȴû˵ֻǴ˸ǣȵȣֻΪ˸찵ɱѡ


740 ҹҲ

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С˿ȴǶ׼ˣŷǰ׼ȥŷֱۣͬʱŭô£ҪƫҪ
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ʻֵñ˷ҹϡʺˡ
ʱȻԶʹһ֮
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ЩֲһüһȻǷҽľӢսӵˣ
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һΧ˺ɣ⼸һʮ۷屾Դǿߣֻ·һ
ŷȻҲڵһʱ䷢˷ҹӴˣԴˣκͳɶŮûκαʾúȲĺȲ裬óԵĵĳԵģ죬ѹûа˷
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˻ڴûл֮ʣŷ˫һӣ߲Ǭ֮˲۳;޸Ȼ󣬰ʽ۶
Ҳڴ˿̣ڹŷ󱳵ߣжʱһ˾⡭
ŷǣҲ¶ճһ˿аЦݡ


742 £
ɢ˾ʱ򣬹ŷѾȫȷߵݡ

ʵŷһʼͿʼɰˡ
ֻڻܰٷ֮ȷϣټһ·ϣŷ嶼Ȼ֣ǶԷ·ҲãҲãȻû¶κһ˿ԼûлṥҲǹŷһֱûжֵԭ֮һˡ
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˵Ĺ۲УȻϵһַ£͸˻ˣﻹйȥעЩСϸڣ
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ʱȴ˴ĴָһЦ̾һȻԵ̾
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743 Ǭ׷ߣϣ
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ӸղŵĹУŷѾ϶˰ʵ
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ŷ£ô׸ĵģ
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˵꣬ҲٶԣһֱӾͿʼ˹Ȼͺȵսɣ
꣬˾ͻһ⣬Լٶȣޱȿ͵ƣ߲֮⣬Ѿޱѿİȥ
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745 Ǭ׷ߣ£
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747 ҩʦ˵Ķ
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˵ʵҩʦ˵Ʋãŷѹûеǹ
½ҩ۸
ǾͿ˭Գŵɣ
ԣҩʦ˵ĵ̵ȷޱȻ񣬿ǲҪˣЩ̣Ҳбһյʱ
Ȼŷأǰģ֮÷֮ȫûⷽĵˡ
ƴʲôƴľǲƴľҩģ
ҩģȻͲˡ
֮Ĵ߷£ֻҪŷڿ죬ҪҩģжҩĵġԳƵϵȡ֮֮ߡ
ҩʦأ

ԣǲۺҩĴٴգҲԵвҰֻأ
Ǹʱ򡭡ҲǻҰֻҩռҩгʱˣ
ǺǣͷˣЩҶõġ
ŷǺһЦٱ¡
ȻȻˡ
Ǿ仰ϵѴֻҪ㿪ڣϸģ;ԻȫԸվߣ
ĹһЦҲٱһ֮󣬴˵
ŵǷŷһһ棬ҪģǵۿŷΪ֮뷨
֮ǰԣŷǱ治Գ֮˵ڽĳһ죬ŷһﵽǸ֮Լ˵˵ĵãԼҲϣ뵽Ǹȥ
ֵּǷҽ羡٣ҲԹ޻ڵġ
ΪһǸ򣬱˵һҽˣǼҽ磬ҲǶ̶ʱھ½ġ
Ǿȶлˡ
ŷһȭЦ˵
Ǻǣ֮䲻̸ллģǿɾˡȾƺȾƣ
ĿЩˣɽ쾹ȻƵƵƱȾƣһԵķպͷֵܣԼһԵŮ㵡
˼ƣһ֮󣬹ŷ¶˾ġЩ£ٹˡ
ңҲӦֵš
ǣƬ֮󣬹ŷȻ̧ͷʵ磬һ¡
ŷ֣صı飬ĻеľƱͷ΢Цʵϵʲô˵ɣֻҪϸ֪ȫ˵
շ°ҲһؿȻܺùŷ飬ʲô¡
ȻˣŷҲͲʲôԥֱӿʵ磬ʣҩôģ

ȫסǷģиһ˿ͷŭ
Ȼܿ챻ȥȴŷزˣУ¶һ˿˼
һȴǲûش𣬶˹ŷһۣ͸¶ЩȻҲ֪ϵʲô
ȻѾµЩʲô϶һ¡
Ϊҵʦ
ŷоһش
ȻѾ϶һ㣬ŷ׿ڳϣĻǻȻһ
Ĵˣ
Ŀ磬Źŷ˫ʵ
Ȼ͸ĵʵ뷨ŷȴ֪ĶӦǺƵġ
ȻԲƺ
϶һͷŷǵģ
ľһ
ǻʲô¶Щ纣˫Ʈ̾Ŀˡ벻ҲˣȴյһλӣΪ϶ֵңҲòĽʵǺð
һǶȥ˵ŷȴӷĵУһ˿ο
һֶѵο
Ӧ뵽˵ģĴˣ仹˭̵ܹӳ
ĺܿʰһشЦŹŷ˵
пԹŷҪһЩ
ŷ岻һһֱΪʦͷ϶ͷȴ֮ĹϵƺͬԼӣȻֻùŷ忪ġ
ϵܰӦҪֶˣУ㲻ɣȻ໥꣬ȴֵ֣֮˽£Ǻֵأ
ķ·𿴴˹ŷĵ׵뷨ЦŽ֮ϵ
ŷȻͷʵȷˡ
ŷҲǳɴ࣬Ȼ˼ҶԼʦĺøˣǵȻøĿڣæһȭ󲮣
ȻĳƺʦΪϵܣǵȻǺˡ
úúãֶض񣬽ǿ˵һˣ
ĴʱǸˣл¶Щ֮ɫԣĹϵȷʵġ
ңϵ
ŷЦЦû˵ۺڴؿŷģȴ˵
û˵ǵͷþƱʲôӦ˼
һ̧֮ͷֶȻҲӦòµ˵飬Ӧûġ
飬ȷǱ濴򵥣
˵жʱ˸ŨŨκͷŭʵ˵ҲѲ˸ϵ
ŷһȴû˵ȴļ˵ȥ
꣬ҪΪʲô棬ʱܵĳطȥˣûյϢĻ͵ãͲˡҰһжҰ
֮ɫɼڴ£ȷޱȻںޡ
ŷȻ˵ĳطҲ֪ʲôʲô֪£ӦùֲϷĵġ
Ͼ˵ûĻôʱʦʦﱻΧɱʱͲ֪ȻҲ͹ֲͷˡ
ҲǼ˿׼˷ĲڵᣬŷΧɱġ


749 ࣨ£
Իںһ֮󣬷Ĳһ̾˼Źŷ壬˵˵ࡣ
ֶǻۣӦѾ΢µ£ҩʦˣѲ˸ϵɣ
ʵ
ŷҲûϣ˵ͷˡ
оһ˿ɫݺ˵ûǼ£ҩʦйأһЩҲ˽ȥ
һǵΪǿеһҹ磡
Ϊô
ŷƽ·һˮ
ǣΪֻǬڵİաˣȴûɵظе͵ðһɴ̹Ǻ
ؿ˹ŷһۣȴǴΪ𾪡
벻ӵƺɱ
ҲûжԣǼݺ˵ΪΣΪľҩʦλã
ŷĿһʵѵʦʱ򣬲ҩ𣿡
ƺֻԭ򣬲ŻЩ˼Ǻʦɣ
ûֻԭ֮һ
ΪҹˣΪۻЩˡͨˣۻ㲻ϣɱɱαΣ
ˣΪߺޣֿʵ޷֮ԿǱ㷢ҩʦ˶ҩƲãӶ˫ԽԽ
ΪȻǿ˵ҲܲǱƷߵȴʦҩʦԼҩʦݣȴҲúҹ粻׶Ρ
˵ðŭҧȻںҹ罫֮ǣȴ޿κεʱڵҩʦȴ˺ҹ磬̸ıȨλ֮¡
ĵҹȻϲǱЩͬƲõʼıɱı
һ˵꣬ȴôҲѹƲסͷŭ棬͵Ʊһ֮󣬲ȶһ·ŭ
ŷʼվţڷ˵ֲüɻʵԼԳҽЩҲǺҹ簵ϵģ
ǵģҲǺҹϵģֻУȴڵõϢ֮ŵģ
ʱҲֻһ԰ҹԼĸףȴܶңҪ󣬺ҹȻӦǣ㡭
˵ȴôҲ˵ȥˡ
ȼյŭҲΪֵܱΧɱʹࡣ
ŷǻغһ
ڸȥŷ巢֣ıʵϺܼ򵥡
ʦ˺ҹ磬ĵĺҹϺЩͬʦĵȻԳҽЩṩǣҲΧɱ¼
µԭ򣬾ôҲ뵽ԼĶӾȻԼ
ֻҪסҵ鱨ţڹʦʦԩȥ
ȻյϢʦ϶ᱻ׵Χɱ
֮ܶǣΧɱף׵βǺҹ磡
뵽ŷȻƽⴹµ֣ȴýġ
ָ׶͸Ƥֳ˿˿Ѫȴûκθо
ȥҲˡ
˺üƵķģ˿ҲǿסԼ˵ôһ󣬱㾲ȹŷЩϢ
ŷ徲ͷһʺҹ絽׶ôǿ󣬺ҹֵʲôΪǿʲôز
ȴסˡ
֮ǰԣΪ;ûе֮ǰ֪̫࣬ʲô¡
ҪģǰԷչΪֱΪǬĩڣǸʸȥ˽⣡
⣬ѹ󣬴ӶӰ쵽Ϊ
ϻЩΣŷȴһЦ󲮾Ͳˣ¸Ͳ¡ңҲӦ֪ʱõϢ֮ҲһܹŤתġ
ŷ⻰˵úֱӣҲ֪ʵʱһЦȴҲûֹŷ˼˵ͷ˿ãȻҲôЩҲһֱΪ޷Ϊ͵ñеܲȴǿϣ
һ˫˫۽Źŷ壬οص㣬ڵ֪ĳǿ֮ȴȻű⣬ҲΪֵܿĵ顣
룬ƺ뵽ʲôȻؼ˵֪Ϊûκԩ𣬾ͽԳҽҽЩˣʼһΪֻռǵĽ磬ڲףԭΪ͵ñ𰡣
˵⻰ʱǿġ
ΪֵܵõһλĵӶġ
ŷһЦҲû˵Ʊ˺˾


750 ֻϻĶԾ
ʱ仺ȥ
תۼ䣬һ¡
˽ȥ֮󣬹ŷҲڷ˽⵽顣
۷Ȧӵ飬ûᣬŷҲûʡ
ҲùŷΪ϶һ㣬ҪΪʦʦﱨ𣬶һ˻ǿ֮һôԼڵʵ˼ֻǵһָ¾ˡ
ԣҪ͵ʱˣע⣬²ʦʦĳ޷һ³
ˣ֮󣬹ŷһͷԺʼȫĵĥ˻֮
һĥĥһ£ʱСûаչùŷΪͷ۵ġ
ĵȷȷûаչ׵һЩһ֮֮⣬ŷûѰҵκο֮ķ
ңʹõĻҲǰ㣬Ψпǿһ֡
ŷȴ֪֮Բֻһֹܣ
ͷ·һߣһ£Ҳڹŷ뿪ҽû죬ͷˡ
Ҳҩʦ˵Ʋˡ
εƲãȴҩʦ˵ƲãҩʦΪ
׷׷ųҩۣҩļ۸ҲԵһ㣬˱ȻҰֻҩҩҪһЩ
ҩʦ˵ĵҲȻǸǵģһӦϾ˼ʹϵԼҩʦ˵ӴҩʦǶǲŽûĻҰֻԶԶ޷ġ
ǣûЩתƣҰֻҩҲ̾ͽҩ۸ͣ͵ķȻش󣬴Щ׼תƵ
׼ҩʦҲǳصģ죬ٴε˼۸񣬻ֻȻҰֻҩһ㣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ЩǣҲ˻ҰֻغҩʦܣǸɴ˭תƣϻȴ֮
Ͼ־淽Щߡ
ǣֻϻ㿪ʼ໥ۣǼ۸񣬿˵һʮ
ֱϸڣҰֻصļ۸񽵵൱ԭ۸ʮ֮һȳɱҪԵһʱҩʦ˶ʱĬ
Ͼôļ۸֮£Щԭ𣬻߹ǣȫʼˣ
۵ļ۸һȳɱ͵Ļֻǵһ㣬ҲǿӶûġʹҩʦˣҲûֵ
ǣ죬ҰֻҩҩȫһգǶˡ
ҩʦҲͬܣҪ̫̫ˣҰֻҩÿĳҩͺͳβȣЩߺ½۸ڼӽʱ
ҩʦ˵ҩ۸Ҳ½ô࣬ȻҪȻҰֻصĹһ㣬ܱǰǣ
ǣûڻҰֻҩҩߺ׷շתҩʦȥֱӵµĽǣҩʦЩ洢ĺҩۿɼ£һһڷš
ȻĴҩʦ˶ۣΨһοǣ־֮£ҰֻΪصġ
ϾǵĴĴǴ󣬿ܱȻҰֻؿҪǿɣ
ңЩˣҩĴҩʦ˱Ĳ࣬ҩʦ࣬ƾǣ
֮һβҰֻҩٲ֮أ;ݣ
Ȼҩʦ˵ҩǺʵڼܲסʵ̫̫ˡ
ԣŽһڣһգòóҩĴҩʦʼƴ
ԺùһǣҰֻҲ²ҩϾ綼ڿأҰֻʱٳҩֻҩʦĵĻǾ͵ˣҩʦ˵ĵλ
һҩʦ˻һҶľ档ңһҰֻˣض½ٻڻҰֻعҩ
һ㡣
λ˻Ұֻ֮ҩʦҲڼ۸ָ֮󣬻Ұֻٶȸ
ΪٸҩʦҲͬٴνۣʧȥ˵ĻҰֻأֻн۸ٴεͣһʧ
ʧܵĽҲӳף
֮ܶǣͻҰֻضƴҩʦı־Բܣ
ȻֻΪĶѡ
ŷõһϢʱֻһЦû˵ˡ
Լƴ
ԣҩʦ˵ĵ̵ȷۺޱȣǣɱҪĻҰֻضԣٻĵ̣ҲǰϹ
ԣγ۵ļ۸ȻȳɱͣǻҰֻȴû׬Ǯ
ʤܣѾһĿȻ
һУֻʱѡ
ÿҩĵĴģŷҲġ
񣬲ΡɶŮŷע֮Ұֻصһھŵùĸ߲㣬Ҳע֮
Ȼ࣬Ǵ߷ҩġ
ǹˣ
ÿ컹дҩʣ࣬ûҰֻһڸ߲ǣÿҲЦͶϲˡ
ڶڹŷ徹ȻӵҰֻظ߲˭ûʣҲ˭ûк档
ľ
Ȼ˵ҩˣǾ˵˵ҰֻҩĳԱɡ
ϴιŷҩϣǼҩʦ֮󣬺½½˺ܶҩʦ롣
ŹƣǰҩʦԳʮ˴Ρ
Ȼȥֵεġ츳ߵġûǱ⣬µģֻ˶ѡ
ˣֻֽʮƷʦģȫһЩƷƷƷƷƷĶС
ڹŷ˵ȴ⡣
ûбģЩ˶ǾϸѡΣǾֵεġ
ˣŷûκģÿ˶ע㹻֮ټȻ׷׶ǰƷʦҩʦϪ˵Ľ̵ɽһֲ
ⲻŶãЩҩʦ֮ǰƷ͵ģҲƷߵҩʦҩʦˡ
ѾƷʦҩʦУвʮΪ˰Ʒʦҩʦ
ҩʦÿĳҩԣ
ȻȻӦÿֻҪһۣڵһʱ䱻һգҰֻҩûԽԽһֱȥĻ
²Ҫãܴﵽҩʦ˳ƽĳ̶ˣ
ҩʦ˻ڵĲ࣬ҲǶҩʦĲࡣ
ʱƣŻҰֻҩҩʦԽԽǿ󣬸ҩʦˣҲԲһΣ
Թ
ʱŷﲢûȥЩ˵ҩʦˣǳѡ
ڣȻԺеϣŲ豭Źڻ֮顣
࣬κͳɶŮ´ŵŷ˼·˭ûгԣֻǰŹŷ塣
˼Ƭ̣ȴʼղҪ죬ŷһ̾εط˲豭
壬Ȼ벻ǾͲҪˣһܹ뵽ȷģ
γɶŮŷһüͷɴۣæ԰ο
ŷ΢΢һЦץŮѩۻСֱ֣һڣ׼˵أȻ͸ӦʲôɳԺҷҲǻҰ˹ȥ


751 Сӳ

ŷЦЦ
ʱ̫æˣԼҲֻڻҰֻתƽʱ򣬽սҩռѣʱ򣬶ûʱú񴦴ˡ
ˡ
ԶԶģڹŷĵ
ܻ񣬾ͷ·ŷȴܴиоϲ
Ǻǣ
ŷǺһЦĵٻ
ֻβȷСҰУô䣬ô׳
ùŷ̾ϢȴǣȻޱͣʵȴһССһױԴߣܽɱˡ
Ȼֻ˵ʵСѣڻҰֻأ˭ǣ
˭֪˵սѣԣЩڻҰԵıԴ߼ǣҲǹģҶκͷġ
໰
һǻͳ㴫˹
γҲ͸ӦǵϢ޾϶¶˿ĵЦݡ
ǣҲвʱ䶼ûˡ
ŷով𣬺ȻһͽĿתƵϡ
¡Ķӣʱ䣬ƺҲӦÿҪˡ
Դ޺ȻǲͬģôöûҲ
ʲôʱ򵱵
ŷ岻Цֵܸء˳ë٩Ц
Ȼ˼ֿ˵Ļڣֳֳ
ǴԴ˹ΣһߵС
¡ĶƤŷͻȻһðһ뷨
Ȼ֮Դ߷ֲСޣôǲҲ԰Сϻأ
һ뵽ŷ˷Ϊ´ΪУæسʵ벻ϵ
ȻûиԼ˵˼Ǻص»ͷŷ幵ͨ룡
κͳȻûĻ̬ôˡ
һŷģҲһ뵽֮
ңҲͬʱţȻ֮С񣬶СӵвԴ޵ǻۣô֮ϾëĻֻʲôأ
뵽Ҳ˷ڴؿĹŷ塣
񣬵񣬲Ҫκη
ŷߵߣ˶ĻͷЦ
Ȼܾæ˵㻢ͷȻſ񣬲κη
ŷ˿ʼѾ˶ʮѨ֮
󣬹ŷߣƷĶϣһ֮ע˽ȥ
֮һע뵽ڣε˱㿴񻺻˻Ŀʵģ
Ǹظоڵ֮Խʢ
˵ŷԵֻǴС֮죿ֻתһȦΪṩޱȾ޴ĺô
ŷʱҲѾǱ˫ۣΪѾܵСϻĴڡ
ңŷǿء֮԰֮£Сϻۿɼ£֮ͣҲҪʢࡣ
ϾëǶԴ޵ԭ򣬴ɲСǰס
δ˴Լʮң˴
ŷ廹ûüȥú̽һСϻ״̬һϲغХȻ΢ЩʹĻĿ
Ҫˣ
γɶŮϲǾϲصɴһ˫ۣȻû뵽˾ȻĿ԰ԼĶΡ
ҪˣŷγɶŮЩڳĿռ䡣
һʱȥʹصҲֳЩҪļǼתвϷȫȻû֮Ͱ
ȻûõģҲż
ô˵Ҳʮ۷屾Դˣ¸ӻզأ
ôһһһĻХ֮Ȼһ۵ĻХСӣ˳
໰
ʱϲһ컢Х͵ؾͳ嵽˻Ƕ͵𣬵˲ûжǰ
һ˫ĿĸԴȰ֮⣬ͷСϲʪ˿˿ѪСҲ˫ۣϵĵһĨʡ
Ǹ˵ģԲûע⵽Լӵ쳣
ǹŷȴǵһ۾ע⵽ˣϲ޷ʲô֮ʵ̫ʢЩ
һùŷΪȵģ֣ոСӣ˵ƷԴ޵ģոҲܻʵġ
ǹŷȴ𾪵ķ֣ŸոճֻСӣȻȻһͷʵʵڵױϾë


752 Ѩϣ
һױ
ŷ岻Ȼ
ˣлл㣡
ʱҲڷԼӵĲһһӦ־ȻһױʱΪϲҲͬʱ֪϶˵İˣæл
ŷЦЦСϻɰСԴСϻһ
ЩСһСϻڹŷޱǵģΨһͬǣ֪ŷ岢Լ衣
Ҳùŷ˿ƺΪ裬ʵͷۡ
ʱŷУ̧ͷʡ
ֻһСָϸĹֻйŷܹӦ£ԼٵٶȳŹŷ˹ת۾˹ŷǰ
Ȼ棬˵ǡ֮ˡ
ŷ嵱ȻҲܾȻڵ֮ѾɲҲ˷ѡ
֮ת˲ڣŷٸлůģʼˡ
ǹŷȴһֱ޽չĻ֮΢üͷ
֮⣬ʵһͷ۵鰡
࡭
ƺо˹ŷ˿ĵķգСϻһ˹ŷĻСԴ˹ŷţһɰĺ
ŷһЦСϻԴʢϢ
뵽ϢŷͲʢϢֻСϻ֮жأ
뵽ŷ֮ӦһӦʱһ
֣ͷСԻ֮ĴСŨ̶ȣԶԶϴǿñԼˣָ˵ĲҪʢࡣ
ŷʼɣͷСԻǲǶҪԴάˣôʢϢ¶ȱԴߵ
Ȼһеһжص㣬صǣһ뵽Ժ֮жʱðһЩʵʵĴ뷨
֪֮κ֮֮󣬹ŷѾΪ֮޷
ǣȻܹ֮죬ܸô֮ѵͽֻܹ
˵ҲһԴ죡
ֻôȥ죬дˡ
ŷ΢üͷվСϻҲɵԼȥȥԼͰְȥˡ
ŷ˳˼УκͳɶŮûȥ
Χ񣬶ŪſɰȴСϻ
ȻСһӵױΪȴ޷ͻƱϰﱾԴǿϧˡ
һСԻĻͷһ߿ϧص
ѽҲ֪ΪʲôûƣԴȴءԴ꣬ʼ޷ͻƵԴ̫ƽˡ
ҲףСϵ
˵⣬ġ
Ů죬ŷȻһһ󵨵Գ֮Ϊ뷨Ժ֡
԰ΪʲôԴƣȴûأ
Ҫ֪󲿷ԴȻǺ׺ݵ֣Ľթ졢թȵԶԣȴɵö࣡
ֵľ;ԶͻľҪ׵ö࣡
ǣľϰ֮Դȴʼ޷ͻƵԴأ
Ǿֻһˡ
ʣ
ƣŷʵ벻׻ʲôԴ޷ͻƵԴϰ
뵽ŷǿѹͷĿϲһǰȻͽִϡ
漴ŷľȫעڣȫע̽
ⲻ̽黹ãһ̽飬ŷͲһҲڸԴΪ޷ͻƵԴԭ
ȴΪڵ̫ˣⲢҪ⣬Ҫ⻹Ѩûô࣡
ɨһۣڵѨӦֻʮѣҪͻƵԴӵ߰ٶʮѨȫУ
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ҳˣǣûʲô취ȥأ
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һҩﱻ񶨣һҩȡֱȫоҹ֮󣬹ŷ̾һòѡ˷
θҩģҲЩҩı߲߱ҩЧĽһûκһ㸺ҩЧҩһںϣҩЧ
ַвͨˣô˳ԹҲûԼһԣܸ
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ںϽ׶ΣҲҩΪؼʱ̣ŷҲȷ֮ҩģ󵽵ܲںϳɹ
ǿľżҩľ໥ۣŷҲȫעؿţŷһԤУһɹôҩԻᷢ벻ľϲ
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Ũ˼̺֮УԶԶģܸӦõ
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758 ҩ£
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759 ʱҩһ
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760 ʱҩ
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⵹ùŷЩˣԭΪҩʦֻҪԼȴ벻ǽҰֻҩ棬ѵ뽫ҰֻҩһԴȵף
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ŷ仰һ˵꣬ǿźǵЦƺѾܹԤξҩʦ˵Ľ֡

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ˣȴӰ߶Դ˴¼Ĺע¹ҩͷ¹عŷôһ˵ż벻עܡ
죬ŷԼԺ棬ϪͷĻҰֻҩһƷϴʦҩʦǡ
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Ϊ˫Ѿһϵˣ
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761 ʱҩ
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ЧҩҲ֮ͻ֮ҩ֮ΪЧҩҲȷʺϡ
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һҩʦĴӵģֻҩʦ˵ģҩʦǣΪֻа˽ױǰѾ˵ҩʦ˵߲ơ
Ҫ֪ԹŷݣлɽˮԹ룬ǿǿǸʸ
һǬǿߣһǱ޴ĴʦҩʦȻһӵĹ룬бͺζǸ˶ܸоó
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762 ʱҩģ
ͣǰ棬ֱ߾ܵˡ
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ʵԼҲҩʦⷬţΪùŷԼҰֻҩѿҲǳǳֺãʱпɥ
ңŷôһǬǿɱҲɱˣû˭ΪԼôһȥǬǿ߱
ǣԼΪһۣҲأһ·ﶼġҺùŷһֱֵ÷ǳȻŵò
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˵ţæŹŷԵĺһȭЦź磡
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лɽˮŷ˵ûЩȻԹŷ岢ûʲôӡ󣬵ϴιŷˮӣԹŷĴмġ
ξ飬ȴûлȨԹŷ嵭ҲֳЩΣٿŷҲһ˿Ǹ⡣
⵹ùŷлɽˮĸйԺһЩȴҲûж˵ʲôŷĺͶս˵˵ͷ󣬱γɼ˳Ϫ˷ȥ
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һɫܺÿǲŹˡ
׷һȫĿУȻվŹŷ


763 ʱҩ壩
ҲЩ˻졣
ʵڹŷƺΪ󲮡սΪܡǶһֶһ硯ȫ߶׷׵ɴ˫ۡ
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˶оԼӶЩԺڸǼǶ˺ԥŷ巽ȥôô͸¶һɹ졣
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룬ӲƴĻӮˣҲɱһǧŰٵľ档
ߣһNɪģÿ϶û˵ʲôûΪԼţ
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ûпǣŷ΢͵Уһɱ⣬ȴһ


764 ʱҩ
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ŷҲСˣзԼʦϵڣɮҲҪ棬ֻҪѩʶԼĴԭ¾ԭ£¶
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ŲִŵĴߣܿͻعĵĽܣæһЦԴЦ˵ɻоֹȴǴ󷽵壬˿Ķϱݡ
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765 ʱҩߣ
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766 ʱҩˣ
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úúã벻һʱ𣬸ƿǿжȴ뾹Ȼ˸ֶðð
ܸԶûἰ֣ޱȻϲĹŷļϵЦݾûϹҲͬһ㣬УȻ¶ЩȰ
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ǹŷ壿
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767 ʱҩţ
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768 ʱҩʮ
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771 ʱҩʮ
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ȵȣƵҩҩЧûأҪƵĶһҩЧô죿
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772 ʱҩգ
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ƵҩʵҩЧȴﵽ˾ż߶ȣ
پҩʦƵҩˣǿʵģҩЧҲǿ˰ٷ֮ʮ˵ģȴǼǱҩ
ܹ֮ԭϱٷ֮ʮЧңٰܼٷ֮ʮĸЧ
⣬Ҳ˼֮
ˮˡ
˵ҰֻҩʦĵȷȷǾżҩЧĻôƳֿǿٷ֮ʮҩЧҩˮо̫𾪡
ǿٷ֮ʮֻ˵ҩЧˮû˵ĸҩʦܽҩЧٵġ
ʹҩҩʦʮҩЧҲܹҩ︺ҩЧĿܣ
ȻǣҰֻҩʦǿٷ֮ʮ˼ٰٷ֮ʮ
ңǻҩЧҩʦ
⣬ôأҲ̫ϳ˰
ˮǲŵźţǲǳ³Ͽˣ
³ϺлɽˮɻЩ͵ɫˮͲò뷨
һ£ˮҲ޷û˼ȥ˼ʲôֺˣֱһȻҲǱ߳ȥ
ˮתۼҲ룬ץ³еҩۿһ˲ŴͣĿɿڴվԭأþû
лɽˮǳ³ϣǺˮλҩһһĳȻһ·׷ױֵʧ̬ȫ˵ע;ɡ
಻סľˣ׷߻۶Ƕˡ
ô£Щҩﵽôˣ
жʣʵ̫࣬ȫ۶ɽˮΧ˸ģˣҲ޷
ҩﲻֹֻôƿԱ߻ǣˣֱЩҩƿ򿪣ۿ
Եģһ˲䣬ȫž
ٿЩ˵ı飬޲Ŀɿڴģв˲ŵζһ£ʹ÷ġܸԶս˶
磬ЩҩﵽʲôôЩȫˣ
ս̲סˣȾʵ
ŷ򵭵һЦԤϣȴûԣֱָһ֣һƿҩͬԼƵãȻԸͳŹŷ߷˹
ԼƲ֪ˣ
ŷһ֣ҩƿ˶սУȻŷЦ
սҲԣһʱͽҩƿӸ򿪣ʱһŨҩϢһƬӿ
ܵѰϢϪǶǸúܡ
ˣΪÿ˶ƣ
ĺܸԶͲͬˣ˲ɴ󣬶˿һѾͽսеҩȻôӿ
⡭⡭
ȻܸԶ˲ҩʦôܲʶ
ԣһ۲ҩʵ֮һȫ˵ˣʵ̫ˡ
ֶܺ˵˵⵽ס⵽ʲôҩﲻ⻹ƷߵȼǱҩ𣿡
һܸ֮Զһڿˮǲȷζŷʵ
ȻƷߵҩֻһֿǿҩЧļɣܹӺͼٰٷ֮ʮңֻܹƣΪǾƷеҩܹƳ
Ƕˣŷ岻ȥҴӽ쿪ʼҲ϶ᴫ磬ıҪ
⣬ŷȻֻ˵ĳּɣἰʲô֮Լ֮Ͼʵ̫죬ȥ졣
ŷĽͣĺܸԶ˾Ͳһۡ
Ϸӣոû
ƺˡ
ܹǿͼٰٷ֮٣
ƺƺǰٷ֮ʮ
ɵɵ˵޷
ٿŷѾˣģ͸һûκζ
ٷ֮ʮ
ʲô
Ҳ͵ǣüǱҩĻżǱҩҩЧ棬Ѿ޽ӽȡҩ
ڸҩЧ棬ʧȥңһļǱҩĸҩЧǵһ
ΣǾͿɣ
⣬Ҳֲ̫һɣ
ĺܸԶ޷ͬŷԣҩĻһгϣǡҩʦˣдڵĿ
ȻǷ񶨵ġ
ƾĵ̣ҩʦ˻ڻ䣬įȥѾ޿ɱĽ֡
ʧҲֻʱѣ
ٿС
ôһʱ߶Ѿ඼ƽЩ
ֱ࣬ȴʾţ˵ͬǰƽ
ҪǣλҰֻҩ˵ʵ̫̫һ㡣ݵλˣЩҩｫĸĸ
˵ЩҩǻʱҩǺΪ飡
ΪǸͲԴȥ룬֪ǿͼٰٷ֮ʮҩЧԲǼ㣬Ҫ֪ЩƷҩʦûгأ
رĹŷ壬֪Ƴ춯صҩ
ң֪λƷҩʦûв˽
֮Ǽţٷ֮ʮǼޣ
һ룬ȫ˶ϲͼ
ٿŷԼҰֻҩԱ۹⣬Ҳͬɫˡ㡯ŮǿСһģһ
۾͵ķ⣬ûҰֻҩԱһë
ģлΪλıƴأ
ŷûȥô˹ۿڵغһڲ󣬲Ц
ƴ
ƴ
ǡ࡯ڴҩʦ˵
˶뵽һȴûκһվҩʦǱˡ
лɽˮһеҩǷһĵ׵ؾֻ̾˵ôһ仰ʱҩ


773 Լս
ʱҩ
벻лɽˮȻ˳ߵۡ
Ҫ֪ӹ񣬻δʲôҩܵ˳ƺġ
ǣڳˣȴһ˾õ𣬷ƺǡô
ΨСʱҩ߳ƺţڹͳ˶Щҩ𺳺͸ܣ
ŷҲû뵽лɽˮȻôһͷ˶̹֮ȻһЦƺ
֮ͻ֮Ƴҩߵĳƺţ
ôһ𾪡š˼ȵ֮ȫ˻ҵԴڻָ
ЩɡšмȵĿⶼٳ֣תǸơѺáǰͽͰĵ
ΨȼҲǺˮ˵Ŀ͸©ŲһĹâ
ʲôâŷûйᣬɷɱɡ
Щأ
ҿһغϵľѾ˰ɣ
ʱһ쳹ȫֻܴ˵ˣӦֱȽǿƵġ
ŷȥȴǼܸԶͬǬ۷ǿеһˣȻǻ񣬿ȴ࣬ӦֻһңȴҲݣֶСİɡ
ٿģӣһͷ糤ͷΧƮƮԵø롣Ů˾Ͳ˵ˣٺٻж̷ġ
˷ȴ־ζ
һ˫ʱʱо˫ۣǽ͹Ե쾡¡
˵˻һ˫۾ŷ壬ŷ忴˹ֳһЦ˵ͷ
ģǼѺõġ
˵ûֻʱҩڣҪȥۣȻǻҰֻҩӮ˰
һ𱻳֮ΪЩ񣬶˼ԼԼļһҲԲʲô֮
ŷתͷȥ˵ǵһߣҲһ㣬ģƽƽ棬һ˫۾ȴ·ǧǻһ㣬վǶͺһƬƵãһָо
ŷ֪Ϊ˲ŻֵȵԼΪʱȻȻģҲͻµˡ
ҲҲԶǼǣ֣ҩʦ俩
ʱҩȻǻʱҩһغϣȻ
ͷһǬ۷壬ԼǬĩڵǿߣһһͣ׷׶˵һغʤѾۣһŷǽһת䡣
ʵʤˣҪ˵ˣ
ˮ֪Ҳ֪˵ȫΪҸ֮ŷύĻͷǸ֮ŷύһӡ׼
˵Ҳ˵̫ʵҪλҰֻҩչֳҩʵ̫̫һ㣬ҩʦǿǿ󣬵ҲԶԶҰֻҩ
ǣӵҩĻҰֻҩԽҩʦˣֻʱѡ
ңҩ֮󣬹ȥҩʦ˹
ЩҲܹҩʦ˵İҩڲϧˮҪŷ彻õΪȴҲ˵ùȥˡ
ֶǸ˵Ҳҵķҽ磬ҲмҩʦˣԼҹĹϵһ㡣
ĵһʱΪŷ
ǼλʵҲֻҪôǸҪôĸĿ䣬ûƿʲô
һһΪŷţŷ岢ûֻʱʱصͷЩ˵Ϣȫ¡
ߣ֪ǻҰֻҩʤˣ˵
ˮһöγˮˣЩ˻רŴģֻƿҩʦ˵ǿԼҲÇNɪNɪһ
ȴû뵽ǰʯͷԼĽţûЇNɪɹ󣬸ǾȻʼύҰֻû뵽ġ
˵˷۱ǡˡ
˵һ֮󣬺ˮֱתͳмλ˹ȥɲȥˣΪҪʱǿǣҰֻҩҩ֮ҩʦ˽μȥ
εıôˡ㺰ƷҩʦӵЩƷҩʦûУ
ԣľûʲôϣˡ
뵽˴ˮͷͶʱйǸоǰЩ谵
ʵ޷뵽ҰֻҩȻֶΣ
ҩʦˣָأ
Լλϵĺˮɿյس˼Ȼ֣ҩʦˣƺǰδеΣС
ǸˣһֻҰֻҩʤô˫ǰǩɡ
ˮһ˻ȥ֮Ҳ׷ɢȥлɽˮͷҲһΣ֮Уǵüȥ˼ƽһ֮󣬲Դɬ˵
漴Ϫǰǩس³ûˡ
Ϫʲôǩ³϶ٳ飬ʱĳ³ҲûǸ˼ȥʲôǩˡˮһʱޱȿգ˿˿Ŀֻš
Ϊҩʦ˵Ľֻţ
ϪǰǩŷɶŲ豭Ʒţƺչֳ𺳣޹Ƶá
ȻŷУ΢΢תͷȻسмλÿȥ
ղţ˶ܵйۿҩʱΨһûǰ

ʼգƽؿһУ֪ЩҩԵʱҲֻһ˿ŵζȴûж
˿ޱȳһȫ侲
ң˹ŷ弸֮󣬱һֱûŷƹһ˫۾һֱעű˫ҩƺԹŷȤûпҩĴ
ǹŷȴܹоõȻ۾ûԼǾȴʱʱ̵̿עԼԼգ͸ۣȫڶԷĹ۲쵱С
Դˣŷ岢ûдΪ˾٣϶ΪľǿȣԼ϶ֲˣŻ޼ɵشԼ
ֻǣȾǿ
ȷǳ֮ǿǹŷƽȻԼȴҪԲôһġ
ԣŷһͷڴԼԼ֪ˡ
ʱŷͻȻתͷȥȴͲסȳŷ忴˹аȻս⣬ŷޱȵظоˡ
ôұȱȣ
ŷһ˫ӵؿս˫ۣ
һȻû뵽ŷȻͻȻôһ䣬Ҫ֪⻹˵һ˵ȴһ侹⻰
ҲǷǳɴˣֱӵ˵ͷɷϣȷǿǿҾȻû˰ٷ֮ʤģֻʣ°ٷ֮ʮˡ
ԣһս
ŶУʲôͷ
һŷʼƽˮĻЩˬζҪ֪ûм˵˿Լ˵ģ仹ͬˣ
ŷȴʱһҲػصͷͺսսһɡ
ʤӮˣҸ㵱СܣӮˣҵСܣ
ɣ
û뵽ǣŷޱȸɴؾܾˡ
ͷһջ̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
㿴ң
ŻĴȴ͸¶һӴ̹ǵı䡣
ǵġ
ŷص
ʱɷҪľܲСĽҲܺõĻڿѹƲסͷĻֱվͿˡ
ĿңмұȶҲ˸ɴ˵˵ɣ
ⲻڱô
ʵҲǲܺȣҿûôйȥһֶʤ
ڲͷҲ΢ĸģˣҵСܣһҪŪƷʮƷҩģÿһͳɣôɲɣ
ŷĴٴδĶУʹٴס
ʮƷҩģҪЩʲô
Ǿɵʵ
Ҫ֪ʮƷҩĿǱʮƷҩҩʥҩʦܹƳģŷһƷҩʦҪ
ʲôֻ˵ваɣסǾƷʮƷģҲҪ࣬ÿһͿˣ
ŷȻ͹ֱ࣬˵
ʵŷͷԤıġ
Ϊʱ֮󣬹ŷŷ֣ʵҩռҩҲôȫ
Ʒ֮µҩĵȫУǾƷҩģȴһСûУʮƷҩ棬ֻһ룬һ룬ҩռ沢ûо߱
ҲԣƷʮƷҩѣһǾɰǧųεģʮƷҩģҪضܹóƷǳϸ񣬲ǳ٣ټʦֲʮƷҩʥҩʦȻҲû׼ʮƷҩˡ
ˣŷŻ뵽ͷҩʦ˵ƷҩģҲʲôѵ飬ԼյĻɾͲʲôˡ
УҲˡʮƷҩģҩʦвĴҲмֲûУΪǼֶҪڼ˵²ܴж޷ҩԲʧ˼Ūˣ˵ˣǱ涼
û˵꣬㱻ŷˡ
㲻ùܣֻ˵ͬⲻͬɣ
ŷֱʵ
Եȷûȷôҩģضļ²ܴҲժ֮ʲô޷֤ҩԲʧԶһ˶ԣҩıֲҩԱضǰ
ǣֻǶһ˶ԣӵ֮ĹŷԣͲ⡣
ֱע֮棬ǲڽ棬ֻҪ֮㹻㶼ή
Ȼ㶼˵ˣȻû⿩
νصȻŷ岻ںҩʧʧȥں˶٣ֵʵ֮Ĳͷͬˣ˵˵ɣָ֮Σ
ˣ㵱СܣңһԽҩЧķ̸㣡ôͷɹ
ŷ嵭һЦ
ո£ŷжʱһ˾⣡
ޱأһЩȷ
ȷ
ŷ嵭ش
ãǾô˵ˣʲôʱʼȣ
Щסˣʵ˵֮ǰĳȫװģҪ˵ΪһҩʦȻҩλƽ
ԣǼţҪԼӮˣҩ֮ôҩʦˣҪʲô
Ǳ֮ɡ
ŷ˵һ֮󣬱ûȥǻĿѾʼȶ˫Աϣϵı鲢ûʲô仯ʼյȻǣȴһ˭ҲûвĻȡ
ڹŷ̸ôһϪѾǩˡ
ûϴκˣεսҩʦˡ
˭ս˭ǱսڻҰֻҩ˵ûν顣
ҩʦ˵ȻҲʤˣȴǱһ˿ϣǳصɳǿİƷҩʦȥѡԵĶ֡
ҰֻҩеģСģҩʦ˵ΪСģ˵ӦҪЩɣ
ڱʼ֮޲йһ˿ϣҲɢ


774 ѩĵǸ
ҩʦ˵ҩʦѡĶǺҰֻҩҩʦҲûʲôġ
ȻӦǻҰֻҩƷҩʦҩʦһ֣չֳ侪ʵ
ˮַ¯ļɣһ㡮ļˣ
ҩʦ
ĸĸŶǲҩʦȫܵҰֻҩȥˣ
ɶʱôЩҩʦˣ
Ϊǰδ˵ǵİ
ѵҲǴʯͷĳĲɣ
˶ɵɵؿţȫȻг𺳣𺳡
ǸɶֶЩˣǺ뵽ǻҰֻҩİɣ
βס𾪣Ƭ̣Ȼתͷʵ
˵Żʱ۾ͲɨڹŷЩҩԱоǲ˼֮ɫ
ŷһĵ񣬾ֻλҩʦʳϪ֮ҩԱ
һЦҲͷûЩ˾ϴҩ֮󣬲ż뵽ǻҰֻصġ
ܸԶеĲ˼ԽŨһһֱû˵ķѩӿŶˣʱҲŵؿҩЩˣȻţЩˣȻĶǺż뵽Ұֻҩġ
Ǻǣܴ󲮣֪ʲôûǼ֮ǰȷֻżģǺŶʵġ
ŷǺһЦһ۾ͿܸԶеĲ˼ҲӣֱΪǽ˻
üһ˵Щˣˣ
ܸԶһȻȻ׼ʱŷ׿ڳϣǸоԴ˵һ˲ŵĿհ֮С
𾪣ŷʵ˵ҩʦ
𾪣Щˣ˾˵ȫǺģ
ŷֻ΢΢һЦ˵ͷû˵
¿ѷġܸԶѩɵˡ
ٿŷ񣬶һ˵Ĺо
̬
Щݹŷ
Ȼˣ
ڶ̶ʱ񼼣һ֮ҩʦȫҩʦǺεȵͣ
Ǻεȵ죿
˵񼼣ǶԵЩ
һʮ˲Щ
ĸǳƬ֮״ηǳؿŷһ󣺡ֶһ󣬲֪ܷӦ
ŷæ֣Цƾ֮Ĺϵǧ˵֣Ȼʦ֪˶ҵġ
ľͲЦϵıҲ˲٣̾˿ȻŴźɸֵζһ۷ѩ̾Ӱǰмģϴ¼֮ʵʧý
ŷԿǾ䡮ʧԼʧıֺ󣬷ѩ϶ʱһ죬˵ʲôȴǻͷϲΡ
ȴû˶٣˵ϴֶѵһ֮ڵҲ˲٣һǿЩϣġ
ԣҾ뽫ֶ㣬죬ʶʶʲôҪôһɾͣͲԼʲôˣ
һ˵úɼϴηѩ飬ȷʧ͸
Ȼѩⷬȴһϲ˾ȵĿУǳŹŷ嵥ϥأһȭһǰδеĳϿϴҴˣϵܹԭҵĹ
˵꣬תһߣٴγϿִЩεض¶Щ㵵κͳɶŮλãҷѩҲٴǵǸϣܹԭ£
統У˫ϥأǶԸĸģҲˣǾһˡ
ϥأ統У¶Խһڡ𾴣ڷѩһֶԴԼһΪֿǸ⡣
֮ܶǣѩʱϥأûдŶԼײζ棬ֻΪԼĹֿǸѡ
ԣĺܸԶ˿ѩȻϥأѰŷԼ˵ԭ£ûκβ¶˷ĵο֮ɫ
ĵǵʧ֮飬ҲѩⷬΪڻӿɽ̵ο뿪ġ
ŷæվǰѩ
ʵ˵ʵڷѩŷ岢ûôġ
ǷĵĶӣŷҲ뷨
Ĵ˷ȴùŷʱֹĿ࿴ζ
ѩҲûоˣ


775 ǵɱ̰
Щɣǰ£ȥǣ˭ʱûзأ
û˵ˣǽ󣬾ֵܣ֣ΪǸӳӡǰɣ
ŷһЦԷѩ֮Щ࿴ؿŷѩЦ
ѩоһ˿мص˵ͷֵܣǰǸԲסˣλãǰʵЩ˵㣬
ˣô˵ˡ
ŷֱӻִ˷ѩĻŷѩļЦ
κͳɶŮҲ׷ȻһЦҲԷѩЩĿ࿴ǶԷѩһ˿ҲŷѩΪɢ
νһˣһšŷ岻С֮ˣǶŮȻҲȥΪĳ½ƽϣ˼һ˹ʽԼǸΣǻʲôüǺ޵أ
ŮضΪ֮ľЦݣʱķѩȴû˿ʧĵʣΨеõ½Ŀĺ͸м
ȴΪεȷǷĵʶԼĴԶڶŮֻ𾴺Ͳһ˿һа˼ڣԶŮ˶Ϊ֮ʧľһЦ֮Ȼ
һУֻע߶̬ˣڿŮµЦݺ󣬶ʱɲǵĴ;ܿһ
٣Сӻ˵ʵһЩģڲò࿴ˡ
ʱһԵĶսȴͻȻð˳ʹһķѩļ򣬺ٺЦ
˶ܴӶսЦϿȷʼѩˡ
ѩһɵЦȻУתͷȥóԼ΢΢ͷοؿԼо֮ɫ
ⲻ÷ѩǸղһֵˣ
ɣƾ֮ĹϵҲ˵һˣξ֮ȥǶɣһὫЩҩȫ̸ġ
ìȫ⿪ַַѩĹ֮󣬹ŷȻûκģЦЦ˵
Ǿллˣ
ѩ϶ʱһϲʶҰֻҩǿ֮ҩѣæмл
ԺԼֵˣ˵ллˡɣվˡ
ŷ΢΢һЦķѩļʾ£ԼҲ֮
ʼմһЦݵؿţû˵ˡ
ϸĻᷢ۵һ˿м֮ɫ
ԹŷȣȻĵشӦԼҩм
֪ҩʲô̶ȵġò˵ŷ̲ס
ϷӰͽĻԻͣ²ܹİ
ȻܸԶһ˸̾οĴ˷ĵĶС
Ǻǣ˵ʵһĽˣȻôһӣҪǳ壬Ҫ֪Ȼĵӣȴδı棬ȴһֱΪ׼壬Ľġ
ĽˣҲĽҲǵֶ𣿹
ܸԶֹסЦеĿ⣬˶ó
Ҳ͵ͷһЦû˵ʲô

ƷҰֻҩʤʤĹ򣬴˴ξĻʤΪҰֻҩ
ھޱۻңĿҩ֮󣬻ҰֻҩƷҩʦûκĻʤ
ƳҩҲȻûгڳ˵ԤϣʲôҩҩЧӻ߼˰ٷ֮ʮҲ֤һ㡪
ҰֻҩȷĳԸıҩʱҩɣ
ּɣҲ򽫳Ϊ׻ҩʦ˲񻰵
ٿֳЩ˵顣
󲿷ˣٿҰֻⷽ񣬶ǰͽġܹƳҩٲȥͽͽᣬùϵԺ벻ҩˣ
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Ҳɴ˿Եóһ㣬ˮȳȻҶԺҹ˿ѡ˲ǰȥɼҹ絽ǿ˺̶ֳȡ
ǿκϢ
ٿȥķȻΪڰһ㣬ȴҲܹǰһ޴챣һǳص챣
ֻǳص챴СǷ·Ѿԭģһ۶ͷĿȣͿԼǳأؽ޷ĵز
ȻǲУ˵ٶȣٵнʮ·̣Ҳֻ˴Լʮңǳص¡
ٿǳأҲƶϣȷǴ󵽿š
ȥѹûоͷһ㣬Ψǳصĸ߶ȣֻһʮҡ
оǳصķ̶ȡ
ҹ磬Ȼ磬˺ڰĻӦûж˵ġ
ʵʲˡ
ҲûκΪķˡ˵˵ԶԶ޷ȣǳ¶ֲָĻеԭǵ˫ҲЩ䡣
̸ܹﵽԴǺҹյĵزȴҲ˶ˡ٣ճжǺѹġ
Ȼеƹ⣬Ҳ˭ɵãǳأΧޱߵĺڰǳȴǵƻͨһƬõġ
˵Щ˵Ҳ˿Щ٣ǳҲǵˮһƬֵľ
Ȼҹ磬һյĹȣʲôܹԸ㣬ҲΪܹ궼ܹܹöչȥԭˡ
ع⡣
ˮǶ˲ŸոߵǳͱüǿסٸоЩǿȣȻҲǬ
üһ·ҹ磬ǬǿߣƺôֵǮˣ
ǺǣԭǺ˰ôôйۺҹˣ
⼸ˣȻʶˮǶ˵ģһӦǵϢջ߰ݲһӱ̴Ա˹
ˮǶ˼ˣ׷ٴ¶ǫ͵ЦȭǺǣȷЩʱûˣǽȴҪҪҺǽġ
ŶǳɣǾȥɣǽӦòֱͣȥˡ
һǬǿ߾͵˵ͷЦָָǳΰһЦ
õģǾˣлٺú𡣡
ˮæЦŵͷȻٴָȥ
νɽ⻰Ȼû
ָ֮ƺܽʵȫͲڸոǳصľ롣
ԣ˴ԼʮңڵĿĵء
ǰ˵˵һгǣҲǴˣ˿СĳǳС
ϸ磬ϵܣôй
˲ŸոսӽһޱȵէȻڶ˶
ѹҲԴ·ڶ˵ģַ·ʣʹ˸ĥ͸
˵ǻĥ͸ĥ͸ȴûд˿ѹϢо㡣
⣬£豹ܴﵽľ硣
ǶͻȻǰʵֻȷҪ̣ȻҲ˺ǽòˡ
ˮ͹һЦ߱Ц
˵òˣҲȷû
ǬΪѾȫԶˣ߲Ǭ֮άκġ
ԣǬǿòͣĵȷȷΪ˳һʳһͶѡ˵òˣҲȷ޴
ŶҪ£Ǿͱ߳ԱİɡгĳƷƣ
߷
ˮǶ˱ЦŴӦһӿ˽Ųг߽ȥ


786 ֲ׬ȡͻ
Ұֻء
ĻҰֻأѲǵǸҰֻء
£˭ֶ֪һҰֻص磿
磬УǿɾϵĴڣΪ֮ĿĳȻڣ
ԣԻҰֻسΪÿ춼ǿĽǰ룬ҰֻصҲϸ񣬿޵ķչǱԼ۲ĸþһа취Ҫ롣
Ұֻҩȫѹ̬ٴսʤҩʦˣһһ־ȻܹͼٸҩЧҩ֮󣬸綼Ϊ֮Ȼ
ˣǰˣǼʮʮӣ˵ĻҰֻأһƬȣ£æòɿ
Ȼ֮ģǴȺӿֵľ޶룬Լššǡǡǣ
󣬵ҰֻֻҰ˴δﵽһǧԼԤ˴θǴﵽǧ򣬺ȴҪʱ򣬻Ұֻظ߲飬òٴơ
ԭҰֻصƣҲ߽ױԴΪʡڣֱӾٵǰ˽ױԴΪʣɼ룡
ԭȻҰֻصĳԱдﲻ׼ģֱȫѡȥȻ˺ܶ˵Ĳȴǽֻܹﲻѣû˭Ҷ˵һл
ϾҰֻһǿʳ淨
ȻﲻǸȥı׼ôֻб̭
ֻˣܹʹǿӶԾչȥ
ˣЩģԹһ»ҰֻصѪʯĳ֮⣬ĶԼʵİա
ܹ˭أҪֻ֣ܹԼǸʸ
ɼѡϸ񣬵жж٣
ǻҰֻصǰ˲ӵһܽҩʦ˶ȥҩҩֱӵԭСľŻǿߣʼԵѡҰֻء
ʹģһԭ
ϴλҰֻҩʤҩʦ֮ͷһǿٰٷ֮ʮϵҩЧҩȫۣɶֵڲԱṩȴԲ˽Զۣ֣ܳڲԱ͵նɱֵϾһ
һʱĺ䶯
Ҫ֪˵ҰֻҲŵǿٰٷ֮ʮҩЧҩӵǿٰٷ֮ʮҩЧҩĵ˶ԾԼⷽǾԴƵģ
ˣҲø˼Ұֻص뷨ҲøʼؿǲҪĴۣҪȥúðͽͽһ»Ұֻأ
֮ܶǣڴʤҩʦ˺綼Ұֻض
ƺ磬ΪҰֻضתһ㣡Ӱ뵽κһ˵У
ǼСûв֪ҰֻĴڵģңȫ־Ŭȡܹ뵽Ұֻ棡
˵˵Уܹ뵽ҰֻأѾٽֻǸ˸ͺôˣһߵҫΣ
ʱֻؽ紫͹Ļÿռ룬ϰٵâȻϰٸ˽롣
ۺҹǰ磬ˡ
ٿ͹Ļǰһ͹㳡͹㳡ĴС˿ȻҰ½ĴɳСȻ˴ҲֻǱ֤ôӵѡ
̧ȥĻһƬ˷ĺɫ󡯣Ȼǻݣ߰ȣһĸò
Ȼ֮࣬ȴûм˻£ȫֵַģȴֵԼȻѡΡ롣
ȴΪ㳡ϿգʼնһǬǿߣȫװʮ۷屾Դǿ߳䵱
˵Ǭǿˣ˵ֻȫװʮ۷屾Դǿߣû˭¡
Ͼȫװʮ۷屾ԴǿߣһźͳżģǶԸһǬǿߣʲô¡
Щˣû˭ܹﵽǬǿߵš
ȻҲ˶ģˣǳߣȥѡҪҩȵȶ
Ҫ֪Ұֻصǿ󣬲ֻʵҩˣҰֻصǿģʲôƷ߼ȵȣܹﹺõġ
ȴΪҰֻǿ֮Щǰ֮̽ġ
ͱ˵̼ѻٻٻףӡǣڻҰֻؿֲǻҰֻԼҾӪ⣬ֽг۸߼ƷĴ͵̣඼Щ̽ġ
ȻҪ￪ЩֲÿһƷҪһСҰֻصġ
ͺñһ˰һ㡣
ȻֻһС̵֣ô룬ҲԲһСĿһ룬άֻҰֻһڵп֧´࣬дڡ
ȻҲֻڻҰֻضѣ磬û˾޴
Թ
˵룬ò˵һҰֻҩ﷽ˡ
ӴʹЩҪҰֻصߣҲһʱȥҩ˵
ҰֻҩԱȫٿʼҩҩҲǹӦ󣬶ŵ˺ü֮ȥˡ
ɾˣ֮ӴҲŷ嶼̲סɵ˺ðѹ
Ҫ֪ЩɶҪȫγɵģ
ֻ֮ܶҩ룬Ұֻرάָϰ꣬Ѿòˣ
֮޵Ľ󣬹ŷ嵱ȻҲЩԴʯ﷢ù˵ֱȡһ룬Ȼټ֮ҵǰֱͨЩˣʼչȵƷ
ڼƷĲҪ
ڶ鱦ĲҪ
װȫҪʮԴģ
ȲˣҰֻسԱÿ¶ȡ൱ļƷϽԹԡ
Ұֻذ˽׾ŽױԴΪߣȫԱ䱸鱦
ͱЩ͵ߣȫԱ䱸鱦ףȻʮԴ޸޶ܣ
ЩߣȫԱ䱸鱦뽣ȻʮԴĿסѥӡ
ǹߣȫԱ䱸鱦ȻʮԴƤסѥӡ
⻹ֻ˵İ˽׺;Ž׵ıԴߣЩʮ׵ģһȫԱ䱸ͼ
ֵ˵ǣЩʮ۷屾ԴΪģȫԱ䱸Ķм
Ǻεȵǣ
Ǻεȵֱʣ
Ϣһȥʱļ˳ٴα۷壡
Ϣ͹мγɶŮķĵֱ֪֮Ӿ͵ɵۡ
Ȼǿһ㿴֮ٵĹŷ壬Ҳ֪Щʲô
ֻ͵˫ۣ˲ʼɣǲǶҪ뵽Ұֻأ͵뷨ˣ
ȻֱǴǾˣǻҲ˿ֲĵز
ɣóһʽ˲һգҰֻزĽҲٴλظˮ׼
ǣҰֻأĻȥںԴʯĻ


787 ǰ壡
ڻҰֻصĻȣΪ˦ƹĹŷ壬ʵҲôɵġ
գദڽŵҩС
ľǿ˼㣬ȫܹҩĵزˡ
Թŷҩٶȣµʱ䣬ƳҩѾ㹻õˡ
ҩٶȶԣŷȣͲôϲˡ
ȻҲֻǶԹŷ屾˶ԣ˵ٶȣνǱǻʮ
£ΪֻǬк׶ΣͻƣкԶһξ롣
ֽȥ»һңܹɹͻƵǬڡ
ȻҲΪڹŷ岢ûȥľԭ
ȻĻľֱͻƵǬڣĩڣɶܵ顣
ɵľͻƻҪͻƲͻƣЩҪ㹻ࡢ㹻ߵĵԹղС
ˣŷҲҷ˵ľ뷨ֻѡ
ǣʵôɹۣǣѪõ崫ϢƣˮǡԼǱߣѾһ׼ӦþǽڱȡӦжˡ
ԣŷӿĲȻƾӵҲΪ
֮£ŷɴ˼ҩҩѾ㹻úܳһʱˣڻȽΪ
ϾԼҪٵĶ֣ȫǬһһŷɲʱ﷭˴
ǣȥأ
ԺŲĹŷ壬Žü˿յС
⻹ǹŷһΪΪաʵǷչ̫̫ˣãҰֻزųãȻҪ磬Ǻҹˣʹŷ嶼òΪΪͷۡ
ǣչֲܲչǲòչԵĵԽǿΨԽǿֵܹ
ԽǿԵĵһΣǺüΣԣֵüչ׳
ѭ
ŷȻһԺģʱ򣬶ŮҲȥʱ򣬶ŮҲһʱ
ʱʱ֣ﻨ㡣
Ȼһ΢紵λ˶㣬ŷһڣӿյѡ
΢Цתͷȴǽü΢۵ؿԼλˣŷֹסЦʵǲҵġ
˵仰ŷȻŮһʧ䣬ܿɢ¶˾Цͬسճ˵û¶أҲʱɲأֻѣԺеʱѽ
˵û˼ŷ͵仰ȴʱһ飬һ̣һƳԼĳ嶯
Լ׸ʲô
ԼÿĥǿǿԼ֮⣬ɹʲô
ƺÿһʱ䶼ûгǣ
أ˵ԼʱҲÿԼһǱһʱԼ£ʱͻƵĹͷܷһߣ
ǣֻ࿴ԼԼ˶ѣ
ԼΪʲôأ
Ƿݶǵİ֮⣬רųʱ
ûУ
һһһ¶Ӱ
ǣԼˣǿԼԼпǹ
ǣԼȴҲԹ޻ڣԹԶûС
ֻҪܹԼһӣ࿴ԼһӣǾѾܿˡ
뵽˴ŷģҲԼ͵˫֣Ů§뻳УеβƣصԲʵڲһְɷôЩ꣬ҶûкúõǣûпǹǵĸܣԲ𡭡
ŮǱŷĶһ㶣ŷǳε黰󣬾ϣ׷¶˷ĵЦݡ
ȻҲ˫ۣرס޿ɾҩֳݵˡ
Ƕ֪ģǹؼʱ̣㲻˿⣬ֻвϵǰ塢ǰΣܹ˻ߣܹ㡣
ǣֻҪܹһ㣬ͺˡΪǶ֪Ƕٶ壬ûκε˵ʱͻ
أ㲻ҪκΣһУÿ춼ôۣҲΪǵĽⶼ⣬ǳְ𣿡
γɶŮճյؿŹŷ壬ĽϷضΪ֮ʧɫЦݣ˵
ǵĻŷһͷһ˫͸¶ǰδеļᶨţǷģһ̵ʱ䣬Ŭǰ壬ֱ۷֮ұ˳磬Ȼһã



788 ٳ
´˺һŷһҷ˶ڶŮΣٴ˳˼С
γɶŮԣԼѾڷ˼֮ϣѾû˰·ֻвͣǰ壬ܹﵽĿꡣǸʱҲſȥá
ڣܵʱ
סŮۻС֣ƾŮҸпԼļ֮ϣŷȴ˼Ϊ顣
ľ˵ȴʵһѡ˼죬ǲҪ죬зơ
ţŷֲǴ÷սʱֶС
ǴζʱŷһӶǣµĸо˫۷·ܹǳ棬ǳƺƵʱʱؿ˹ŷԺ
ǵʲôһµ״̬
ǹŷһֱ˼⡣
ÿζûеóۣҲһ
Ǵζһľ֮ϵĶ
Ҫ֪Ǵζ򣬿ľһİ
ŷ뵽
ʵ֮ǰսʱ򣬹ŷҲʹĺľľ棬ǲǻи߲εĶ
ʱսûκԥֱӾҡͷˣ˵ĺľ򾳽磬Ѿ߲Ρ
ڵõս϶Ļش֮󣬹ŷûȥʷܸԶˡ
Ͼս˵ͲǴΪǸߣҪۼʶȴ˿ٵġ
ҽ֮ӣμ̳ˣǼʶСˣ
⣬һʲôĶ򾳽أ
ŷҡͷһЦòٴνһߡ
ŷ壬ûгԹû֮ȥյʬʣ
ڹŷΪͷ֮ʣɵĻȴȻڹŷ
ŷתͷɱ˵Ȼ֮ȫ֮ô֮ǲҲأ
˵ʱӺ촽ʪʪĸоǵ㣬˳ջ
ŷʱȴǸû˼ȥЩɵĻȻһҡҡͷЦǰҲԹȴвͨƺֻܹ֮˵ֿѡ
ǻǵʱĻ֮ǿԭɡĻ֮Ѿռ˽ʮѨѲǰܹġ벻ʲôð취βԳһأ
ȴһЦգգĵۣ˵
ɽ˵ûȻܹ֮ӵЧ֮ͬĻ֮û޷ѽԿ
ҲһԵģñͬö֡
ȻŮ˵ˣŷҲȷһԵ뷨
Ǳ˵ͷŶŮС˫һһ˶ʱʧ˵
񣬹ŷѾٽҩռˣŮȻˡ
һԭС֮󣬶Ů¶˲ŵɫ
ԻҰֻĲȻǸֱӹ򿪱ٳ˿ռĸ߼͸Ůˡ
Ȼ߼Ѿܹ򵽵ߵıˣּķЩרƷΪŵɵƷŷ۸͸˶Ů
ּķȻٳԼĿռ䣬ռǲСԶֽöࡣǣôҲ޷ҩռȿ̶ֲȵģ
ԣҩռһֱöŮޱȾ̾飬ȫ޷ҩռ俪ٵ֮ޣ׻˶Ѫŵɡ
ȻⲢǴ˴νص㡣
ҩռвٵ˵ʬ壬Щʬ壬ȫ߲Ǭ֮Ͽա
Щʬ壬󲿷ֶԳҽЩˣݹŷ˽⣬ԳҽЩ˴ҲʲôûǿŮɱͨ˵鶼ԹŷЩûκѹ
ٶ룬ŷһУ֮ϵĳһʬڹŷǰĵϣ߲Ǭ֮γɵ֣Ҳ֮ɢ¶˵ò
һ۵Ĵ󺺣⣬ü͸¶һͲʲôö
ǣŷҲ޶һһѨĻ֮˳ֱӿΪһɫâ˲ͳ˴˵嵱С
ŷľעŴڵһб仯
Ϊ֮ڹŷȫɹŷƣһʼû֮˵ľ
Բ֪һһ
ŷԭΪҲӦòɹģϾǰԹһΡ
ȻβŸոһԣͷùŷǾϲŵı仯


789 
ԭȣ֮뵽ڣֻܹ
Ȼ۹ŷγԣûκζ
ȻŷŸոһա뷨ͷ䡣
ŷľءֻ֮һ뵽棬ɢµģͬڶһİڹâȻǶתһС
СתŷޱءȻû꣬ȴȻڵʬ壬ת֮£ȻŵͬөһĹâл۶󣬾ͱиսȥ
սȥ֮󣬹ŷҲȻԡλãǵөһĹâȻ໥ʼںϣģģγһҩСԲιâ
ҩСԲιâγɵһɲǣһ˿âˡ
ѽ⣬˵壬ôʼȥˣ
Ȼһ˾ȵĽڹŷǳɵ
ŷһæ˫ۣȴԭ޶ʬ壬Ȼ𽥱ɣ󣬽û˿ĸʬ
ŷϤⲻҩĳʬ֮󣬲Żֵ
ѵ˵֮ˣ
Щө㣬֮һ
߸ʬŷĵ׳˿ϲ뵽
ֻǲ֪֮Чûҩյĺأ
ʱŷԤУһΣ˵ľͱԼλѩķ˸¶ˣ
ŷʱЦ
һУסҩСĻ֮ӸʬڷڶȻƯڹŷǰ
壬ɡɹˣ
Ůһ֮ǸԲʱһϲ
ǵȻҲҵķ˭
ŷһЦöŮݶȾ˺֮֬󣬱㲻ٶ룬һ֮ŵһԵӿԼڡ
ʵǴʬϵõģоܶġ
ʵϣЩ˵ˣ֮һΪһ
ֻˣܵ˵һ˶ѡ
ԣŷûκθĽգֻһڣŷٸлһ˵ʣůģͺԡڶµָо
ŷȴޱظܵԼ֮Լı仯
ͬʱҩ״ʹСɢޱȾȵԼÿһλֲֲɣʼںϵһɲǣһĸоȻ֡
ŷ֪Լʣ
ĳ̶ȣŷϣʱֳ˷ĵĿϲ
ɹˣȻĳɹˣ
û뵽ܹ֮
ΪǰûгɹŷҲȻ϶ȷͬŮԣΪǰԵʱ򣬻֮ʵڹٵԭ
Ҫ֪ǰԵǻûδ֮ʱĻֻ֮аֻϴС
ô⣬»֮ǿҲγɲһͬڶһгɣ
޷γɣ̸ȥգ
ȻյߣһʮĩڱԴǿߣ֮Ũȷޱȡ
Ũ̶ȣȫݣ뵽һûκΪķڣô˵ʣ㲻ʮĩڱԴҲʮ׳ڱԴ
ŨӵǬʵĹŷԣƺԵ̫ϡһ㡣
ߣȫϵĲͬôŨֻùŷһСﵽǬںεĳ̶ȶѡ
ȴص㣬صǣ˭ʵȫٽ˵ˣ
Ͼ˵壬϶޷ٷְٺõġ
ͺñȺɣ壬ʵϾԳԶģòȻˣȴҲĲɰٷְٺԼǰһģһòٶúԼЩŤ
ҪǣôЩĥϣȴ޷ԳԶ壬Ҳֻܴﵽٷ֮ʮնȣɣú½
ȻͬˣŷȫԽٴδԳԶȻ뵽һֱŵԭȵ嵱УȻû֮ԳԶ뵽Լ棬ӶһģһΪ
һΪ½һ˿㣬һӵԼԭȵ壬Ӷﵽٷְٵƿأ
ȻЩԭˣŷٸЩˣŷû취ˡ
뵽˴ŷĵǽһ˷ܰæתͷγɶŮ¶˷ĵЦ⡣
ǲһֱԼܿڣǵĴ죬ˣ
ŷѵõؿһЦɼʱȷǺܸˡ
ʵŮһŷϵЦݣ֪ϷҲѸ˷
Ǹ˵ţԼҲȥĽôˣ
˵ʵǶŮڻҰֻظ߲ȷġ
ΪǼñ˵ԼŷҲûͬ⡣
ҩȷǿԸıò
ôı䣬Ҳ޷ıԭȵò
ΪǵòȻѳ䣬ʲôɶģѹ޷ȥݡΨСò˼䡯ǿݡ
ȻĻ˶ӵγɶŮ㾪ˣ
˵Ըı䣬ʣҲ޷ģ¡
ܵ˵Լǹŷ壬δҪñ˵ǵΪһȻ޷ϺǵٶˣҲ͵һֱĽ˵ٶȡ
ŷ壬Ŀ𣿣
ŷĻٿϵЦݣŮʱ˾ϲٴȷϵʵ
ʵҲû뵽Ȼܹɹ֮ǰҲֻǱһԵ뷨ڿƺЧ
ŶŮΪϲ¶ľЦݣŷжȻһ̲ס̧֣ʳָÿ˵ĽαǼһΣЦŵͷȻٷְٵգ֮ͬһ޶
ŮһǸգգ˴۾ͬʱѩСָ֣գȻͬ˵ھҪǬ
ŷʱһЦŮڵΪʮױԴյЩ壬ǰܹ࣬ˣЩ壬˵öŮǬöʮǬҲǴ´ģ
ԣŷûаϻֱһ֣ʱѨĻ֮Ϊʮʮ塣
ӵһ壬ҪЩȫգҲҪһ
ԼСʱ֮ڹŷǰͷ­С߲֡
߲棬һɢŽɫâԲ壬ͷ­С
һ棬ǱҲϴСĻɫƬĶ
壬ǰߣȻߣȻ֮ˣ


790 ŮǬ
Ȼ֮һ࣬ô˭֮֮ͨڵġ
Щ֮ʣµġЩȻǸոյһˡ
Щ֮ŷԹһ£֮㹻ʮױԴߵľǬڡ
þʮױԴߵʣǬڡ
ȥŮĵ֮֮⣬ʣµҲ㹻ԼǬˡ
ȻȵԼЩҲʣ޼ˡ
ⶼνˣϾҪӭսʱ򣬻»ûе˵壿
붨ŷҲͲٶ룬վͶһڴĶŮЦˣھǬȷſɡ
ţ
ŮæɵһףֱӾ͵£ſȫ
Ů׼ϣŷҲ޶˫ֺȻȻһУֱ֮âֱ˶Ůڡ
󣬹ŷŮ࣬ʼȫǿ
Ůע֮󣬹ŷȻҲɵȣԼҲϥһʣµ֮ȫԼڣٸл泩ŷҲʼ

ֻؽ磬͹Ļ
Ϥ߲ʹâȴûȥע⵽˭ˡ
âȥһȺ˵Ӱ֡
˵ûʲôرȫֻͬؽЩһ㣬˶ԻҰֻصĺ棬׼Ұֻصļ
Ψһأһûκֱͣշ𣬳ŻҰֻȥ
˽һĻҰֻؿɲǰĻҰֻˣΪһ磬ΪûǬ˭Ĵҷɣ
ȻҰֻڲԱ⡣ֻûʮױԴΪҰֻڲԱҲҷɡ
Ȼ˷֮֮ǬǿߣԼһʮ۷屾Դߣǵûǰ΢Цų˵˵ͷǸǬǿ߸Цõ鳤ôַʲô£˼ȣ
ˣȻѪõ壡
Ѫõȴû˵Ǭǿ˵Цصʵû
ǬǿߣȻˡ
ڣ׷ʲô£Ǳжˣ
ѪõأҲԤеˣҲЦı飬ʵ
ûھͿ֪ͨǸϽ׼ˣΪҽܼҽ磬ԼⷽӪ磬Ѿзʼ˳棡
Ѫõæ˵
ɫһϽͷȻָŹŷСԺϾȥ֪ͨǣǱߣȥףأ
û˵꣬ȻоԼ棬ƺûйŷϢˡʱһæγɶŮϢȻ֣ǾȻҲټ
˵ŷصĻӦ
κͳɶŮϢȴܹӦǵϢӦˣǿ϶ǲСԺˡ
ſȫѰȻ֣ǳأǳܣû˵Ϣڣ
ôˣ𣿡
ɫѪõҲ
ֹؼʱ̣ŷ岻ڵĻǿɾ鷳ˣ
֮ǰҶӦ˵ϢģôͻȻء
ҲΪΣ̽˰Ҳʼûзֺֻ˵ɣȥСԺţȥ˻Ұɡȥ֪ͨǣ׼
Ѫõ˵ͷʱֻˡ
Ҳٶһ׼ŹŷСԺȥ
Ȼ׼֮ʣͻȻһӴ嫵ϢȻڹŷСԺ֡
硢ƴѹȸУҲ˲䵴գۼ䣬ͽǳС
ǳ˶ȻתͷȥѪõҲͣΣ𾪵ؿ˹ȥ
ֻڹŷСԺµľ߲ʹһƬضҫó߲ɫۼ
ʱȴȥ龰˶ؿ߲ʹӦǾޱȰѹȸеѹһ̣˴͵С
ûû˵
ڳˣųɾŶδ澰ǣųɾŵˣȴ֪߲ʹʲô
ţͻƵǬ
ңһˣ
ҵ죡
ǧһһʮױԴǿͻƵǬѾǲ˵ˡ
ڣȴǬǿͬʱͻƣ
궼ѵһģڣȴ˻Ұֻأ棡
˶ˣԭֵĳǳأҲһ̣˲žš


791 㲢ս
ĳ֣ȻҲֻڳ˵ע⣬Ұֻи߲㣬ڵһʱ˳˾ϲؿǱߡ
ϣΪʮױԴĳ̻ϡսХᡢշɷѩȵȫֿϲΪǶ֪ͻƵģ˭
ѩ˷һϲֳ֮ɫ˵Ҳ֪ζͻƣûԭôƯˡ
εҲɸŵ˵ͷ¶ݣȴǵĵһ뷨Ϊ¶ġ
γɶŮͻƣ϶ǽĳǬǿߵȻĻôôͻƣ
Ȼ֪ǬǿߵǹŷõģǲȥǸӵĵǣòûǰĶŮŷ廹ǰǰ
ǵĵģǵս̻ϵȴ΢΢ҡҡͷЦȲ۷᲻ͬǽñ˵ͻƣ˵ȫòҲȻȥ
ദôãѵǻǸʲôĺӣ
ޣͷϹ˵ʲôأʲôȫòζɶͻƵʱȴ˵ЩȲĻүүεģ
ȴսŸո£⵽̵һٺսʱڨڨһЦһˣȻҲȥ졣
ɷȴѵõûеЦսˣһ˫е˫Ȼ˼Ƭ̣ͷս϶˵ûͬζɽñ˵ԼҲԲͬ⡣
룬ضҳʲô֮գͻƵǬ
˵˴һ˫۾ҲǴг˷֮ɫ
ʵҰֻظ߲棬˺ص֮⣬˶ûȥñ˵ͻƵġ
һǸоŤǹŷûͬ⣬Ͼñ˵壬Ǵ׶˵ġ
ڣŷƺҳ˲ýͻƵķβɷ˷أ
²Ҳãȥ˵ɣ
̻϶˵ôһ󣬱СԺȥԿĻضᷢʱҲڿϲС
սӦ𣬶׷׶ֱȥ
ٿ߲ʹս˵ôһѾҪɢˡ
һȺСԺʱǶŮͻϣӵվһ̡
ΪѡͻƣѡֱҩռͻƣȴΪŷ嵣ҩռ޷յͻʱ߲ʹ
û߲ʹĻôŮڵôҲ޷תΪ߲Ǭ֮ġ
ѽҵĹԹŮû䣬ôƯ
һ˻û˵һ˾ϲĺһӰΣ˵Ȼǰѩˡ
ѩɵεߺ󣬸󿴿ҿԼĹԹŮȷԭǰģ󣬸˵ֱסξϺݺݵһڡ
ȻԼŮûñ˵ѩеǸˡ
ʵ˵Ҳ֣Ůδʱñ˵Ļôѩ϶ǳŤġ
ó̻˵Դ˱˵֮󣬳̻һֱеǱŤʱ򶼻ػǲԼӵ뷨
αԼĸ׵ô˵ݺһڣʱЩͬȾ֬òɷ
ͱ˷ѩ׵СֺȻһ߲Ǭ֮γɵԲ۰׵УԲ̺ӴЦһ˫λð
Ҳˣ˺˷ܵʱų߲Ǭ֮ʱջأòֺ
ս˼һĻȻϻοŮˡͽĿŵ˹ŷϣһж¶εĹâ
ŷʱһЦȻүүʦǸʲô˼ҲͷҲٽ˵ͻˣ
ͻƵģֻҪ֮ǰ廹ڣҲתҲܰٷְٵʩչǿˣ
˶ʱϲХḸӸȲغ÷򣩣Ҳҿ뵱ɶǬǿˣ
ǲǸӣ˵Ļ˵һޣûκζ
Ȼŷ׼˵ȻͽĿתǰǴ͹Ļ
һҲע⵽˹ŷĶ̬֮ȥȴѪõٶȳ

˶һʱʱ׼ţһ̣ҲҪˣ
ҽǣѾ͵зʼ˳棡
ѪõһǳĽؿγɶŮһۣصŷ˵
ŷûκα仯ʵԵĽ磬ĸ磿
¶ˣεȷǴң׼ǣ
Ѫõ˵ڣѾȫԱ׼ϣʱпܹ
˻ŷûжֱһ֣ȵټ׼ս
ڷҽܼҽ磬ԼЩ磬ŷڹ˼ˣŷţζսȻʵҲֶܳôҵսġ
ϾǺˮЩ磬ҲֻǶѣƲΪȥĵƴҲסǣǴҹԼĻҰֻأȵϣҲˣ
ԣսȻǷҽܼҽЩ磬ʵϣҵսڻҰֻ֮չ
ŷûκηϻһԴɢȥ
ʱԭŵĻҰֻأ׷һӰͬ鳲˷ɳǳ棬ʵ𺳡
񣬼ʹƵĻҰֻسԱҲǴﵽǧ˴ҡ
УΪֻҰԱһǧΪԤӳԱ
֮ȫۼ֮ϣͬһƬͷĺѹѹһ㣬Ѿɵɢɱʹǳضһɱζ
Ұֻؼս޹˵ȣ뿪
дǬ֮ĺǳϿջصЩٶʮ˴εԱհ죬׷ٶ뿪ȴûѡô͹Ļ뿪ֻ˳ǳΧȻ׼ۿҰֻصĸ˭Ӯ
ս᲻ᲨǣЩȴ赣ĵġ
ֻҪǲսڣôĸĸ֮սǲȥԱġ
⣬ҲӦһǱ˰ɣ
壬㲢սˣ
ŷ˻СԺУγɶŮϣȴûдսη壬ǳ˷ܵŷ˵
ʵһֱܹ͹ŷ岢սǰʵûа취ڣȴܹˣ
ǲŻãԼܹϹŷ壬ŷ֮ľ룬ҲôңԶ


792 ˣ
ŷһЦסŮİС֣ЦУǾǣս
˵꣬α͵һŶŮױȵٶȣŹ㳡ȥ
սɷʶһۣԴӶԷпЩ˷ܡ
ϼһҲܲսˡ
ɷٺһЦһ˫ŵ˫УǼսϲɫͼ
ԣҲս
սʱһЦΧһۣ㲻ٶȣڹŷȥ
Ҳ׷׸ϣ˶˷֮ɫôЩûûҹ֮һԣԼʵжǿˣ
ʱ㳡·Ѿûһˡ㳡ϿգȴͬһܼȺ
ŷĿ罣ɨЩˡİģҲϤġ
ЩˣҲȫſȵŹŷ壬һˣȫžΨǿȵĳȺ
˴ŷ岻ͷһЦ
ȻǺģһ¼ġȴûκһ¶ӣʵҲǳǳʿҲǼΪ߰
ĻǰǧˣӦþǽҰֻع̶ĳԱˡ
ٶգҲ޳ǡ
Ͼ滻ԱԻҰֻصʵӰ졣Žս˵¼ĳԱʵߣȴȱŶӺЩòʧˡ
ҪǣЩ˵ʵʣϲ㣬ƾԼ󣬵ȷƵˡ
Ȼ˭Ŭɻԥؽ޳ȥǾ仰Ұֻأ
ǣǻҰֻسǿһԱ⣬ҰֻؽٴճԱǣҲʱ̵ı³Ա滻
Ȼٶˣŷɴֱ˵ǣǼסҪΪҰֻزٶˣǾܸˡ
סһ仰Ұֻأ
ʼһǧԱ¶ϲɫ
ŷǾ仰ȴ¶֮ɫӼᶨ
ʵŷȥ̹ԣ˵˻ҰֻأΪʵٱ޳ĻǶʧĿɲֻǻҰֻسԱݣǶ
ԣûΪҰֻؽٶˣԼҲ赣ʱ˿ӵ뷨ǸΪᶨŬˣܰҰֻأߵλã
ǸˣǳЩ˿ɾһˡ
ȫһԼΪβ룬ڻҰֻضٶˣǽмҰֻصĻ𣿣
ǣס𣿡
ʱŷ˵һȻһȣĮĻ˶߻ص
סˣ
ǧͬʱɤŻشֱʡ
Щϵļᶨ֮ɫŷ¶ЩЦ⣬ͷܺãô׼ӭսɣǵĵˣ硪ңǣ𣿣
£
εĺ֮ǰҪΪٿǧԱһȫû˿ɫΨǳɱ
ҲǣܹͨҰֻѡΣɲֻǿǲļΪʸ߲ߡ
Ϊеģ˵ĵִʱļ
ֻҲˣôܹ롣
ˣǧԱҲ˵˶ɣ٣ųɾŵˣ֮ټ϶ԹŷĿȺͳݣǸη壡
ЩŭŵĻش𣬹ŷٴһͷ
ȫԱ׼ʱս
ŷ巢һ
˶֣վãɱڣԴģ
һʱ䣬ɱ˲ƬʼɫķɢżΪҫ۵Ĺâ˼𺳵ӾЧ
ʱ򣬹塢սһڻҰֻظ߲ȫԱ룬Ҳó˸Եʱ׼ս
Ѫõȫװ˹ŷԣɫƣԼʮңҵ˱ᴫ͹ˡ
ŷ΢ͷȻתͷų޺ͼ֮ɫѦЦרŴЩ׷ɱ㸸ĸˣЩˣͽˡ
Ѧ¶ʱϲЦտо΢΢ᣬȴҧͷİɣǣһҲŹ
ŷͲٶ˵˫ۿ͹Ļ鵭Įȴ˵ĵ
ʱһĹȥȫżķ֮⣬ûУÿ¡
Ҳǣǧ˽ϱԴǿߵɱЩ»ûӽͱ͵˼ɱѹȵøεѣòˡ
ɱʵҲǿɱģ
Ȼ͹Ļ͵ٵ߲ʹâ˶һ
ڣˣ


793 ս
ٵâȥٵӰ֡
һȻǵû
ùŷһȴǣȻ֣ҾȻֻôһǬĩǿߣԣȻһǬĩڣ
Ǭĩǲ۷壬ŷͲ֪ˡӦ۷û
ʵǬ۷壬ҲĩڣǶԷʩų޷Ӧóġ
˹ŷҲ޷ȷп϶˵ľΪ
ٿǬԵࡣ
ȥǺǬĩڵģһǬڣǬڣҰֻⷽкţţΡɡսǬȻǳڣǵͶսһˣӦǬڵˡ
ˣܵ˵ֻҪԼסǺǬĩڵǿߣˣжսǶԸҲ̫ġ
ΨһҪǵǣǸǬڵģ˭Ӧ
ƺ֪ŷڵĵǣսȻ˵磬赣ģǸǬںԱǸڵľͽˣ
У͸¶ޱȵš
ŷŴԣȻһ԰Լôˡ
Ҫ֪ս֮һ˳Сգ
ҪǬڵΪ޷ԸһǬںһǬڵĻôܻӵǵȸߵ
ԼǶˡ
뵽ŷȻˣɨǵһۺɻشʵܣǸҹûǰ
սҡҡͷЦ˵ûУϴһȥϵ˵ºͿʼ֯Ըҹļƻˡҹ类ϵסȻҲˡ
˶٣սּ˵ʵҲףЩʵҲΪ˸СӴɱͻҰֻصĻѣǱȻսȴҲ赣Ǳߵ
ڣֻҪνСӸɱˣ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷ£ȻģҲͲٶ˵̧۳ǿȥȴǵϣ֪ʱȴȻǲŵɫ
ֹǣЩǬǿߣԼЩʮ۷屾ԴǿߣҲһ飬ĿɿڴؿŻҰֻһڸ߲㣬Լ߲㱳ǧ
ϣǲ˼ı顣
ʵҲʧ̬룬ǧ˽ױԴϵǿߣǺεһ𺳵ĳ棿
ǣ˽ױԴֻռ˺Сһ֣ǾŽױԴʮױԴڵڶ
𾪵ԸӵǣЩߣӡȻһõǶ鱦
ӵ߲ʹâɣ
죡
ǧ򶥼鱦װǵöǮ
£ӴҵĲƸûѸ֮һŹɣ
С
ǧߣôžûһƽӹ֮أƺȫżģ
ƺȫǳżģ
ҵ죡
ѵһĳţ۵˻Ұֻ
˶˲˼뵽ⳡ棬ʵ̫𺳣̫ǲˡ
ͬʱһ˿Ϊֵ뷨
ȽǬһߣʮױԴµĶԾңܹӮҰֻ
ԭģҲһ̷˶ҡٽм뷨
Ϊ֮ǰ飬ʱԼⷽûԶõˣԣҪݻٻҰֻأΨҶѡ
ףôӲˣ
ŵ𾪵еʱ򣬹ŷͳԲɤ˶
ȻŷܺеϷʣȴ˭ܹó
ȻһΣȴûΪŷκյ¶ǰδеر飬ŹŷȺˣֿ˿Ұֻصĸ߲㣬һ̣Щùˡ
ǣⲻãһְһ
ǰȻǴξϼγɶŮġ
ҲһֱԶŮò㿪ܹɹҰֻظ٣ô绪ŮӣҲǵˡ
ϴΣע⵽γɶŮΪǲȴֻʮױԴѡ
һڣһڡ
Ȼż£
ӡȻѾȫͻƵǬ
ҵ񰡣
ǣͻƵģ
ѵ˵Ұֻʲô֮ɣ
ȻӦûʲôܣƺΨͲ˵ùȥ
ȽЩһߣɨһۻҰֻӵеǬǿߣǽģֲĥһЩ
ԼҲֻоǬѡ
ҰֻأϹŷ壬ȴҲ
ΨһռƵģҲǶǬǿ߶ѣǣǬռûµ˾͡
뵽˴ĵײɳ˰գ֪ҰֻؾȻ֮ǿԼ϶ͲԼˣˣ
Ҳֲ˭ܹ뵽һųȻӵд˵Ⱦ캳صʵأ
ףΪβ˵ѵ²棬ͽǹ˶°
ŷϷʵĻٴ𣬶ǣŷɲںȶ༥һٿ
ŷ弥ĻǴ𾪵лعźؿŹŷ壬ＵʵˣеĻҲȼն
Ϊ֪ԼȻѾǱѾʼԼҲ˻ҰֻأôѾǼϣòľˡ
ȻԼԼ޷̧ͷˣҲκһԼˡ
ԣû˺Ԯ֧ԮԼҲҪ򣬶һҪӮ
һ˫ٺһЦ˰ĳȻҾ˭ҲŴʦ
ŷȻһЦҲûǺֱԵŶˣ˸㣬ʵ켴㲻ңʱ䣬Ҳȥҵġ
ΪΣšſҽµʱٸɡ
ɫΪŷ˻˲ʱ򣬹ŷɫҲȻһ䣬һ˫ŨŨɱͱģȻȣԣڣ͸ɣ
һ£ǿ͡Ե嫵ƣͬƣȻȫС
ǿҵ˼ɱ˶Ϊ֮
Ұֻغڣ
ŷȡ
ڴˣ
ǧ˿Ⱥɱŭ
ɱ
ɱɱɱ
һʱ䣬ȫԱŷ壬ǺԥصһǰȥɱڿУ˵ľ޸ȻֲͣѹȸУֱָɫǺߵǬǿߣ
Źŷ嶯ҰֻҲһ̶ˡ
ڹŷģȻǺս졢ţţΡ⼸Ǭǿˡ
֮ǰǶѡ˸ԵĶ֣Ҳûκңȫۺ似Щ˷ܵӭ˸ԵĶ֡
ڻҰֻˣȻǶԸЩڲϴ͹ѾҵҳԱˡ
սĵߣһ̳׵ȼ


794 ˫Աս
һ̶ĻҰֻسԱǺݺݵһ

ݵغ
ڡ
ҰֻسԱǳɱսⰻȻŭҳԱͬһ˪ӣ˵˵ʱĵˣЩֵĽͣ˫ʿȫޱȳȡ
ǶʱɷҲûа취Ϊ˵ԼЩˣԼﶼûʲôսʤİգԼЩˡ
ӭսɱ˭ɱ࣬ºضͣ
׳룬ЧȻһͣ˶¶˷ܵɫ
ؽ֮±·򣬶ʱһʿǣҲȥԸ׷һŭ𣬾ĻҰֻسԱӭȥ
͹Ļ߲ʹâڲ˸ţݹŷ˽⣬ĻӦҲǧҡ
ϾǳƵ磬ӵǧҲΪ档ңЩҲʵΪҲûһڰ˽ױԴġ
ΨһϻҰֻصģЩˣ඼ֻͨߣֻţǳš
ⷽ棬ҰֻȾ·ˡ
һ·ģȻЩ˵ķȵȣҰֻͳһ߼װ˺üΡ
֣ҲǵʶҰֻسԱǿ󣬶ʱ˺ܶĵԭˡ
ڳԱԱ֮Ķս棬Ѿκʤ뷨ʱΨһ̵ģԼǬ۷壬һͬŷɱ˵
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ڼϣѾòۿŹŷǿİʽٽֻѡӲƴ
һݣеնҲǺԥسȻںϵһĸâǿ˼Ĳһʱ䣬·ʱ䶼һ㡣
ŷҲסؿţܲӦ屶ʵǣֻһغϵӲƴǿˣ
Ȼʱ죬ҲѾԼ似
ûκγɣ䣬׼ʱһȣгǹͻȻ³𣬶ʱһŵĵâȻ˹ŷ塣
ΪŸոʩųʽŷ˿̸ûжĿȥܣֻؿĹԼȫֻƾҩıˡ
ŷȴ֪ǿһҩסˣԼҲ˵ľ档
ǺȻҲףǷ׷¶һ˿Ц⣬·Ѿ˹ŷ˲֧սȫȻһֻ׸ĳ档
ʱ򣬹ŷİʽҲǵնײһ
䣡
һͬи֮ŷ嶼оԼĶĤЩʹˣҲͿ֪ߵĳ档
ȻǻҰֻⷽԱǷԱ󣬾ŽʮױԴǿ߻ãֻޱʹס˶䣬ǰ˽ױԴĿɾͲˣȫѪûκһ⡣
ȻҲڻʮҲκҲǲɱġ
󣬾һޱȾ޴Ȼû𵽹ŷأĹ漴
ŷ޿ɱܣΨԼٶ۳۵Ļ𡤰ʽǣʽǿǿôֵǿһأ
ԣûκ⣬ٴһ󣬹ŷ彡˶޳Ӱʱõɶȥգ۾ǧ׾룬һǧ׵ĵ˹켣ʮ̺Ѫߣ
ԣһغײŷˡ
ңѪ⿴ʮ̺ѪߣŷҲʮɼǵ˿ڣ
ȻԲôѪ
񰡣ٸӿ񰡣ˣӿ㻹ô񣡡
ǿĴЦԵޱȴ̶ҰֻسԱ͸߲ǣҲޱȽؿŻڱŵĹŷΣг˵֮ɫ
Ȼһ̣ٶٴγŹŷȥ
ȻҪʤ׷Ʋŷκλָʱ䣡


800 һĻָ
ŷȷˡ
ʼǶԿһѾùŷзӿ˲ơ
ǿһϮ𡤰ʽȷֵ˲мҩ֣Ҳֵһ빥Ҳ֮
ɼˣǬ۷ǿһ֮Ҳ˲ɱһǬǿߵġ
ŷֻƾǿȵֵȻشˡ
صα˵һ̡
ŷֻоƺǱһϮĺΰɽײһ㣬ûκεײùŷԼǲǶȫѿˡ
ǣȫˣ
ಿλԲ߶رĵطŷҲ⡣
Ψһͬǣ߶õıԴ֮Ǭ֮ŷ壬õ֮ӻ֮
֮Ȼ˵ùȥ֮Ũ˼ϢֻҪԴĩûʲôΣա
û֮Ϊ֮רעûȴֻǶԵ˶ԣڹŷӵߣȻκ˺
֮ǰ֮ǶʱŷѾȷ˻֮һãǾǼ̣
ạ֮̊́ǻ֮ע뵽κλãһƬ壬˲ʮļ̺ԣ
ǣŷ󵨵ĳԷֳһֻ֮ע뵽Դ棬ȻûԴļԣʮ࣡
֣ʱùŷ˷ܵ
˵ʲô˵ԼʣҲͼʮ
ŷҲָ˻Ұֻһڸ߲㣬Ҳ˵Ұֻصĸ߲ʣʮ
ڻ֮ȻԣΪβ֮鲼ȴΪ֮ʱԭ
ȵΪͻƵǬĩ֮أʱܹ֮ȫ߱鲼ǣǿȺԣԶԶΪͬʣ
Թ
˻֮֮˫ر֮󣬹ŷڵอȻˣԺΪ֮ȴֻܵ΢𶯶ѣûܵκˡ
ֻ֮ǹâ΢΢һ£ȫָˡ
ˣŷ˿ûȴû⵽κв
ڵ֮УŷѪֹµȴ֮ȫųԡѪŷסεʱอѾ漣ϵòˣֻอ滹ЩѺۡ
ȻΪ֮Ѩﵽ˽ʮĺôˡ
ʮѨ֮ȫƣЧȻǸǵġ
ңʵŸոͻƵǬڣѨֿӲˣֻǲŸոͻƣӭǵĹ򣬲ȻĻǬӵʮѨ֮ʱŷ嶼ָܹˡųˣ
Ҳ˶٣ͣסɵ֮󣬹ŷѾָҡ
ȻǻѪȴһųԡѪ˿ˣʵϲûʲôңŷʱָֻ˲׵ս
˵˵ȷأŷȴûбһ£ޱĮؿһ˷ܺͿسԼԼ죬ޱϲ
ˣڻҰ½ĥµʱѳ֪ܲٴΡ
ΪصƣŷҲϰߣڱޱصƣڹŷԣֻܹЩսЧѡ
ο֮Ļָڣŷںˡ
ָܹȻãԹŷһ֣һѵжʮҵľƷȣҩЧ˰ٷ֮ʮҩС
Ȼ󣬺ԥһʮЩͨΪ֮ҩ
ⱾǹŷƵģЩͨޱ󣬿ڹŷһǹˡ
ʮҩЧǿٷ֮ʮľƷеҩһڣʱ㻯ΪŹŷë׶ûзŹ
ǿ˰ٷ֮ʮҩЧҲȻģҪ֪ƷеҩʵǬǿ߷ãѾȡЧˣǾ͸ǬΪĹŷ塣
ͨľƷеҩֻܸŷּ޸޸һƤ˰ˣˣ𲻵۵á
Ȼǿ˰ٷ֮ʮҩЧľƷеҩһ룬ۿɼٶȻָܿ죬ֹͣѪ衢ϣ
ˣȻûôԣҲڻػָţ֮Чǻָٶȣ÷ݡ
ˣǺ۳似ȻҪ嵽ŷߵʱ򣬹ŷƣѾָ߳ɽ˳ɣǷǳ˲õĽˣɶƣѹ޷Թŷս˿Ӱˡ
࣬ҲֻڻЩʹѡʹԹŷѣͬһͨ˱Сڶϴһȭĸо
˵ˣŷǷһ˿ЦݣѾȷսǣԼѾ˲֮ء
ΪǻвСвǸողʩųǿһ죬Ѿʱ֮޷ʩųֹˡ
ûǿһ죬вͲôˡ
ʩչǿһʱ¹ŷȫָƣһڲ֮ʲô
ǡֻҪ˳ȥŷӮľˡ
ΪҪˣǶ˿ûּ޵ʹãһȵĵòˣҲǵ˹ŷݵʱˡ
͸ȥɣ
ǲ֪ŷ嶼Ѿָòˣû˭ӵ˱̬ĻָٶȵġǸղŹŷ̷ҩҲܣ
ҲһЦгǹһǹϰٵǹâŹŷɱȥȻҪסŷе·øǴɱŷĻᡣ
Ҳŷ²ǰ㣬ողʩųǿһ죬ʱڵҵУ޷۳ղֹˡ
ҲģΪҲͬһ뷨֮µĹŷ壬Լİٵǹâֵס
ŷ鵭ؿţǶ˵Ĳ񹥻û¶κξɫ
Ȼ˫һոڶƴбɢ;޸һγ˹ŷС
ȻȻһȣ𡤰ʽٴ۳εĻ𡤰ʽȴעһѨĻ֮
ԣȻǿǺպƣʱԭſͲЦǶ˵ı飬˲̡
ͬʱֹͣһ㡣
Ȼ̵ı黹ûգ۹򣬱תΪ˷ĲźͺȻԼ۵֡
⡢ôܣ
ոôأӦģû
ǣΪʲôûһʱ䣬;Ȼ־߱ս
ңƺ⹥ȲŻҪΪǿһ
ţģ
Ҳ̫ϳˣ
˿̣ǺΨ˺Ȼŵʡ


801 վ
𾪣βţսҪ
˼ŷ嵽ģΪʱǵĹѾҪջأǲˡ
Ψнҧأʹȫ¡
ҧгݵģȴǽ̵óˣһغϵУٽŷˣ
뷨ǺõģҲԸġ
ֻ¡죬ŷٴαˣºЩѪߣٴˣ
һϲʤ׷˿ŷκδϢʱ䣡
ȻǿͣΣԭ˵Ĺŷȴٴ޸ʱɫѾһƬˡ
Ѿþһа취ǣȴȻ޷ɱŷ塣
ңղһغϵײڹŷĹںһѨĻֱ֮֮ǶҲѪ˲ơ
ǹŷأ
شÿÿͣκȴһαһλָĿ졣
ʱ򣬸ƻָ˾ųңѹͶβκӰˣ
ѵ죬޷ɱ
ǲĵ޷ɱŷ壬ض󻼣
Щʱ򣬳ʵĹŷ壬Ѿ׼ٱˡ
һȻһȣǶˡ
;𡤰ʽѾɣźƴѹɱʱĹŷ壬ͬһħ
ŷ徹ɱǺݶʱһ䣬ΪѾ˵һ£ŷ壬ѾپԼ˵ϹҲ˲ܵİգ
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ڻû򲻵ѵʱ̣ǿûǸȥ̷ҩ
ǣǲûоƷеȣҩЧֱӺͼٰٷ֮ʮҩ
Ȼ͸᲻̷ҩˡ
ݺ˿ڿһݣȻû·ôɣ
ӾͲˣǬ۷ǿߣһֳָ߼һֳֶɲһΪֻǬڣһֻмĹŷ壡
ٳɣ׷һŭ𣬱ŷӭȥ
ս֣˲Ȼ״̬
ŷߵսƣҲսлҰֻسԱԼҳԱ
ҳԱȻһңʿһٽʱ߱ټսȥˡ
رڻҰֻȺ̬ԱǴɱ֮£ǸľսѱҰֻصǿ˵
ҰֻأȻǡǡ෴ľˡ
ʿѾ˶壬һƻֱеسӪȺͻһ㣬һɱһɱǽһֺ죡
ʱ򣬵˫Ա֮սҲҰܵĽ֣ѳɶ֡
ܹŷɱ򣬾ûκʤĻˡ
һĻˣɫǱһƬɫȲ۽쵽ܲӮɣӮˣԴԺ󣬵λҲһǧɡ
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ŷȴǹע̧ͷ֮ӦƬ˿ֵţһĸŶһǬǿߣ
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ٵͷȥһصʬ壬ùŷ춼Цˡ
Щʬ壬˵඼ǶֶϽţǶϳ˺üأڵʲôģȫϡ飬Щ˵ȴǲκӰ졣
ȴΪԴǿߣѾﵽ˼ȥʬҲܹ֤òõĳ̶ȣֻҪãôڵͻڡ
ԣǵ˵һָŷ壬ŷ嶼ܴճ
ֻ֮ܶҪϡ֣ôصĵʬ壬ͶǻҰֻؽһǬǿߣ
ɫʼȫ߰ˣôͶҳԱŷһЦ
ҰֻسԱǵԼҲӦԼˡ
Ȼһޱǿҩӿ룬ڡ
ŷûʱȥôһ£˶ٶ߲ʱԴʯĿһ䣬Բַһγ档
ǰγɱ˫ԶˣŷȻصǸǻָǸ
ŷָʱϵƣָ˻֮һȻ˱ȹŷ࣬ȴҲ㹻ܵˡ
󲮣죬ûѡˡ
ԹŷٴηĳɱɫޱݣȻһԵ˵
һǵ˼ɫʱ¶˳ɣԼĲ֮ɫ
󲮣֪㵣ʲôģֻҪܹɱ쵰쵰ôΪʧһӱ˵
ݣǳѪɫĿ⣬޲Ҫŷ̻ŵԽ
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ųĹŷ壬һݣҲشǵĻ͵һģһԥóһҩȥ
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ҩһɲǣ֮һɫٸоڵԼȫȶٴһņ̀𣬾Ǹǿһ
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ˣһֵӭŷ壬ڿУǳɰǧâŹŷȥ
ŷҲûİ취һԶҶԷǿߣһԼԼҲ޷ȥǿġ
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ŷĹܼ򵥣ҩ޵ԴȪڣټʩǿһûһ˵ԣʲôʱ򣬶ǿĹս
򵥣ᣡ
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ٴײһǱıĹҲ̶
ɣŷٴˡ
εƣȴǽ֮ǰΪأܹвĵز
ŷ˿ȥỹڲܿŵѪֱһҩУһůȴ޷ܺõĿơ
һΣ̫ˣ
¹ŷڱǧף֮ͣȴȻֻǻָƶѣɻû˵ľ档
ȻɸǴһѵĹ
ߣҿ
ҲЦˣŷ֮ǰһУޱȾ޴ĴҲ޷ȷϣشĹŷ壬᲻ָ
ϲǣԸо˹ŷ廹״̬
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ٿŷ壬ƴӰ֮£޷γЧֿΨԭزȡ
ٵǹâµһ˲䣬ǵǿȻɡ
һʱ䣬ŷʱǰδеվУ


802 
أ
䣡
һıһһ죬Ҳһαһδ
ŷ屬˵Ȼǧ׵ӣƣۼȴҲһαһء
û취ԹŷǿǺ󳬼ǿ޼ϹҲǺ޵ķ
ܣǰٵâǹâڣûܵĿܡ
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֮£ҪǶγʲôڳ˵Ρ
ҵɡСӵķˣٽ򷨣һҪɱСӣ
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ҲʼŸոʩһǿһ޷ڶˣʩŵģֻͨ״̬µȫһ
ǿԸѾ޽ӽĹŷԣȫһѾ㹻ˡ
ǣûκģŷٴγιٱˣƸӶԻ
ŷ壨硢С塢
ʮޱȵĸֳƺͬһʱ𣬾ͼΡɡս졢սɷ塢շѩХȵȵȵȣҰֻظ߲ȫԱŹŷ屼ȫǾֺͽ
ǸԵĶ֣ȴȥˡʱŷۿҪˣﻹйȥЩ
ȻǲŸոձûŷĴÿһ˵ĶУùӦԼĶּɣû£
ŷȻЩѣȴҲûмȥʱ࣬Ҳ԰Щ
ڶԹŷᶨΣŷ廰ҲûйǼԼĶ֡
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֪ŷȻܹ˵Ǿ˳İղᱻôˡ
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ٿŷ塣
󣬹ŷظԵرɡ
ѾǺϵĵʮֹˡ
ŷ壬ȻҲǵʮαɣʮαˡ
ǣǶɵ۵ǣԼȻùŷ޻֮ƵƵɣȴʼ޷ɱÿθһЩƣһֹʱֻصǰ˳̶ȣôҲ޷ٸӳ˺ˡ
һƵòѪرÿζۿҪɱˣȴÿÿָܻ֮ǰ״̬ʵƵ
ĸģҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
衯ģȥǸ취õҩҩЧҲѾҪͷˣڵҲļȥǿ»ᱻСӸĥˣ
һŭЪĴȫȻûһ˿Ϊǿߵĵֶȣɼʱױʲô̶ȡ
ȴû˵ǵ˸ȴǰߣ⻰˼ǻҷһҩߣΣ
Ȼ뷨ո£Ǻ˵󲮣ǿһܹʩչû˵ĻǾʩչɣʱСӻĻôֻٷһҩˣ죬Ҫ쵰
ǵĻʱŭ
ߣҾ֪ô˼Ϊǽ̷Ǳҩ㲻̷㲻ҪˣȻҼûҲĴ󲮣ĳ
̷żǱҩҪҵΪ½ŽױԴ𣿣
ŭ⣬ص
оһɫǷǳʱڣɲ˷Ŀɳʱһ󲮣ҲãΪ½ˣҲˡ
ԣֻίһ˷ãģֻҪһһĲ
˵ŻȴޱȺؼһ䣺ȥϵҪɣ


803 ӡ
ߣĲʲôҴǬ۷һֱ½ŽױԴʧ
һߣٹ˼ʲô棬Ǭ۷½ʮĩڣѾΪԽܣڻҪһٽǲɱʹࡣ
Ҳǣ룬һԭվ۷һӵԼ¶ĵزһʹ
£ûġ
ʱͽǸסˡ
԰Լóʲôֲܹ˾޴ʧأ
ΨнҼλø㹻ɣ
ǣǾ޿ܵ顣
޻˵Цһò˰ɣ㣬ҼңҲɣΪʵ½Ǹز֪֮λõġ
ԡҪӻɱΨԼҲ̷Ǳҩսʵ̷ҲУߣҲˣ
һΣȷǰƼˣֻҲ˵˳᲻ȥ½Ϊսˡ
ɫʱһ䣬ݺݵؿԼ󲮣ڶɱˣҪԼƴ½ΪҪʵĻᳶЩ
еɱһӾͱˡ
жʱһæʮԶȻһؿޱȵǣԽ䱸š
ͻȻһĻùŷΪ㵡
ʵû뵽Ȼôһ£Ƕ֮䶼Խ䱸ˣﻹֶսΣ
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ȻԹŷٺòˣŷҲòٴθ֮̾䣬֮䣬ƺûʲôԵΰھԵǰʲô鶼ǹƨ
󲮣ȷ㲻̷ҩ𡭡
ʵ
ԥһͷЦûҪ̷Լ̷ҡ
Ȼ컰û˵꣬ȻһʵĻ
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˽һôųžȻ˹ŷĴڣæתͷȥɫȻ䡣
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죬ˣҩ㲻ĥĥ죬һ䣬㵽׷
Ǳ˼ˣ֪ĲҩĻôֻԼҩˡ
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Ȼˣǿɲ⽫Ҳ˳ɱˣɱһɱɱҲɱǶԼҩ֮ʵӵޱȾ޴ģ
֮ܶǣֻҪĲҩĻôǾͻԥؽΪѾ½ʮױԴɱʮױԴ죬˵ûκüֵ
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ģһ׽͸Ķ̰Ȼǻɱ⣬ЦǣˣһǴ󲮣һֶӣ
ңƺĿǰеڳ£
ѵǾͲȽҸˣȻٴ֮ĶԹ
ŷҡҡͷʵŪƷǸɶ뷨ƺԼԵĵģǵһΣ
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ǱߣϷʼˡ
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ɼǽҲǻȥˣ˼ƾΪ½Ҫ͹ŷɱˡ
ȻʵǲȥҲûˣҪΨˡ
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ҩɫʱ䣬ҩЧڣһɱǡ
˸ոһǶԹŷ˵ģŷ壬֪ҽɱ㣬ҵĴڿɷֽǸɱˣģҾƲٶԸͻҰֻأ
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̷ǱҩָĻҲ
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ĵķӡɫѿޱȡ
Ȼһҧһŵľ


805 ӣ
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806 ȫԱͻǬ
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üžţĿ࣬ĿɿڴݴʱսЩ˵Ļǡġ
ʮˣȻûһ˿ƺһ㣡
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ʵӹŷսǺ죬ԼҰֻسԱԾѹ̬սҳԱʱЩΧ۵ģѾôһˡ
ʱʼһֱڣ˵ҲиСʱңСʱЩˣȴһ˺£졣
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ڰǺڰ
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˼صĳԱҲƾŶԹŷޱȵĿȣޱȼᶨؼš
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ŷһ˫ǿհ˫ɨǰһǧŰҰֻسԱЩŷĿɨĳԱ޲ͦøͦһ㣬Ҳֱһ㡣
ŷϲ¶һ˿Цݣ⡣
ܺãսʵҵԤϡ
ԭΪô˵ҲʧһģȴԶԶû뵽ֻʧ˲һˣ
ңŷ壬ΪӵЩֵܣеԵĽǣҼģ
ŷͳԲȫÿһ˵ĶС
ŷȫȻκȫǷĵĻҰֻسԱ޲еһӿϣ壬Ҳվøӱֱһ㡣
ֵܣ
Ȼ˵ֵܣ
ж˿ϲȻŷֵܡԶԶҪȵõŷĿ϶Ǹеˡ
ҲûʲôҪ˵ģֻ˵һ䣬ǹͬսĻỹ࣬ϣܹٽǵһ񻰣
ǣ𣿣ǣԸȥһһ𣿣
ŷ
Ը⣡
뻮һŭƳգڶɱȫĿȳݣ޲϶ǵĻش
ܺãǾڽһͬս°ɣ
ɱɱɱ
һΣشŷģȴǻҰֻسԱı־ԡ
ŷصͷһЦתͷŹ˷ԸͽˣȥЩĳԱ˵
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ŷ׼ŶŮ뿪Ȼ뵽ʲôЦתͷԹ˵УԼҲ׼׼⼸죬ȫԱͻǬ


807 
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˲Ŀ˵֪Լӭôһģʱ˵Ǽٵġ
õģһ׼õģ
˷ܵ˵
ŷ͵ͷȻ͹ĻĹâһ
һ˲ɻȥʱô˴͹
һ̣һ߳˴͹ĻС
ߣ˽һɣȫͷǴкˡ
ŷһЦֱЦʵЩ˽ˣ
ˣ鳤
ΪһʵʵڵǬǿߣȴûμսȴΪ֮ǰŷѾųȥˡ
ҲûģǻɱǷˣ
޹ԱʦʦȥӦǵǿƣȵĳԱȻȥ˺ǣα֮ǰˣҲɱ޹Ա
ЩʦʦģһŹȫԱɱ
ԵЩ̫Ѫһ㣬ǣ˻ϣͱҪΪԼĴ󸶳ۡ
ԣѪŷҲԥȥ
鳤ҲˣЩȵġûзġ޹ˣʱȥһС棬Σա
ޱȹػش
ŷص˵ͷţòɣ֮ԼǸýˣ
˵ţһͷǵξѪ˲ɳŰȥ
һû뵽ŷ徹ȻԼ͹ϵ
鳤
ˣܰɣ룬֮䣬ѾԼˡ
ŷЦһ֣˰Ļ
ͺݺһͷޱؿ˹ŷһۺҲٶ˵ʲôһţǵξѪͷĺ
Դˣŷ֮͹ϵǳ׽ˡ
лл鳤
͹ϵ֮󣬰ٸлһɣл
Ȼϵǽˣǰȴ˿û뿪뿪ŷ뷨
Ȳ˵ŷж˵ϣжٸܹȵϵŷأ
ŷͺǺһЦٶ˵ʲôתŶŮȥ
ĿǰҪǵܣȻ˹ŷϣȴҲû̫ڵǡ
ʵ½Ǭڣû˷ӡǣȻ޾塣
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γɶŮǻصСԺУһΪҲ˳սĺô

ҰֻҾһսɣٴ𶯡
Ȼβֻˣ磬Ҳ˲Сĵ
ҩʦ˵жǣһС
ǣҹҽ磬˽ȥ
ԣⳡսۣ˵绹磬ΪעĿȻ˶ΪҰֻضϧΪûм˻ţųĻҰֻأӹνѡ
ʹЩҰֻص磬ڶҽ磬뷨
£ҽ绹֣ȴǴһԻҰֻʵ뷨ġ
Ұֻؾʹ˸ֻеϧҲ˳˶ս̳˵ԸҰֻؾˣҽҲʲôʧ
ǻҰֻʤ˵Ļôҽͻıԣǰύ
սŷĹϵһ£ҰֻصûǸʸҽύһ¡
ˣֻҪλҰֻʤˣöҽ翴˻ҰֻǾǱ֮󣬶ҽ磬ضһʱ֮ύңƽȵĵλнύ
Ȼҽ粢û˭ҰֻػʤĻᡣ
ԣҰֻʤһѹʤ֮󣬶ҽǿ֪ġ
ڵõϢĵһʱսͱҽ˸˻ȥȻһСʱʱ䣬սˣأȴϵҲǶҽ֮ŷǰҽͲ͵ġ
һСʱս챻ȥˣǶؿʼ˽ŷˡ
ʱս͵ڹŷСԺңңŹŷڷȴûйȥΪֵֵ֪ܣЩ£Լþͷ֪
һȣȴ˲һʱ䡣Ȼ󣬾ԶԶؿŷ峯߷ǽҰֻߡ
һЩҰֻߣսûоʲôŴϾͲֳһ˿ɣȻǾɣ𾪺𺧣
⡢ʲô
աոЩˣ
ΪΪʲôֻˣ


808 ࣡
սɵɵŹŷǽߣԴһת
ЩȻһ˵òˣϢûġ
ԶսǹĿı죬Ұֻһǧ඼ܼǵס
ޱȺȻǣЩˣ֮ǰսУѾȥивԼۿȥġ
ǣΪֺö˶˵ظڹŷˣ
ѵԼǼ𣿣
սоԼԴЩˣɵɵؿһ΢ЦĹŷ壬ԴһƬ統С
ȥҸɡ
СԺŷǻӻ֣ʾЩȥҹ屨ȻתͷһɵɵԼĶս죬ͲһЦôˣɵ𣿡
ս쾹ص˵ͷһ˫ӵɵñţ󣬾˵һ仰
ŷҡͷһЦ̧ĶսļЦ£ϣ㲻ҪԱ˵
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ֻҪʱ䲻Сʱô˭Ҷܹʹ临
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ؾֵŷɵˣ𾪣Ҳ֪ɣ
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ͽԼӵ֮֮Լ˵˳öսһһ㶵ģŷ˵꣬춼ز
á
ҡ٣
ֻһصģŲ˼ŵı𣬾ͼսͻȻƵצ֣һѽŷļץסȻһ˫ţۣ磬˵Ķģ
սһץɲСҺùŷǿޱȣȴɸо˵΢ۣս죬㵭㣬㣬ûʲôģ˵ȻģҪҲԴ㡣
˵ǰͷɲܸκˣҲܴκˡ٣ڻУ
ûû⣬磬ҵ׶磬ҵ׶磬ͷҾԲᴫˣҲԲ˵ȥ
磬ҵ׶磬Ϳ㽫Ұɣ㣡
սʱѲ״һ˫ţ۸ɢ͵Ĺâŷ񣬾ͺһǧɫѹ·ľŮһ㣬Ŀ⣬Ҫľжġ
ŷһŤʹѿ˶ս֣ûصһۣս죬ô㣿㣬ҪֹˮУ״̬Ǵ˵ġ
ҵ׶⡢ε˰ܹҿԹʵ
սһ𣬴ʱԼ˭ˡ
Ҳǣ飬˭ܱȶսõĶȥ
״̬ǵˡ
ŷҡҡͷεɣʲôʱƽ֮ٴɣҲôһ㡣ڣ˵˵Ϊʲôɡ
սڴ˴Լһʱ䣬ŷȻ֪ģҲµսԼ϶ʲô飬ֱʵ
ŷĻսȻӵȴҲԼ״̬ǿ϶޷յġ
˴Լٿ֮ƽôһ㣬Ȼ˵磬ҹǷϰֵȥͲ͵ġҲһˣȹȥ˵ɣ
ŷ͵˵ͷУǾ߰ɣ
ʵŷҲ³˰˾ŲʮˣλҰֻغҵսƱġ
ɣ˷ȫʤҲԼ翴˻Ұֲֻʵ;޴޵ķչǱ
ټϻҰֻҩǿҩܵ룬Ҳ֡
սһͷȻһתǰ·
ŷŮ˸Ȼ͸ڶսһͬ͹Ļȥ

ҽ硣
˵ҽ磬Ҳǲûʲô֮
ŷ״νҽĵһӡҲûʲôоͺǽĳһ㡣
Ƿ̶ȣʲôûʲô̫Ĳһ
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Ҫ˵ĲȻԱʵˡ
ûκΪͨˣУһ١
ǣȴûκһģ
˵ʲô˵ţϵСΪģǱΪ
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ŷ屾ΪҰֻǧǿѾһܱ̬ˣǺһʣƺЩòֵĸо
һ룬ŷ巢Ҳûʲôֵġ
Ұֻų˲ǧǿߣοǶҽǿ
ţĸҲţ򴫳£ټĵرŨ˼Ĺ֮£Щˣ벻ΪŶѣ
ˣһӵżʣȷûʲôòˡ
ʵֻҪŷһʱ䣬ŷұ֤ڻҰֻҩ֧£Ұֻƹܵ磬Ҳͬӵ˺˵
ȻǰǱҲҪȻͨĻҲ޷Чġ
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ϾҲϣԶ˵ʡ
磬ôǶҽʵǲİɣ
ŷЩʧ̬飬սʱЦص
ǻûһŷɫƽսĻҲûϣͷȷ٣ĿǰҰֻصʵǶԿĻ£Ǿ͵ֻⷽԲʮڵǿߣԺɨˣ
ŷ廰УЩ̾
˵ȴûһŵĳɷġ
ΪⷽԲʮڣŷ徹Ȼ͸ӦʮǬǿߵϢ
Ǭǿ߶˶ˣǾ͸˵ʮ۷屾ԴʮױԴǿжˡ
٣ҲǻҰֻصʮϣ
֮ǿߣ˵˻Ұֻأŷ岻κλɡǳжأ
ֱҲ
ɴҲ󣬻Ұֻǿײ˶Զ
Ұֻص·кܳܳ
ŷǸ̾
磬ϰָոմˣȥɣ
ŷָܿƽսҲĸȤ˵


809 Ҳз˿
Ӵⲻսү
ʱһòսʵϵȴҪȶսһЦ˹ؿ˹ŷһۣЦʵ˵սүҿǴû۶ҽ簡λǣ
˵ţͿ˹ŷ塣
ҲϰԵؽʩųȥ̽ŷΪⲻ̽黹ãһ̽飬ʱһ˫۾ñţ
Ϊ֣ԼǬڵΪȻӦʵΪһӦŷ䣬ʱɵǶ˵һ仰
սܣŵָŹŷս죬⣬λ㣬ȻĹŷ壬Ŵʦɣ
һ䣬ֲȶսͷЦشյŷߣڹŷ㵵У˫͵ס֣һ°ڶһ߻Щص϶ûˡ
룬ϣҲû˭ܹӵΪģ
ǲ֪һսǳΪǶҽһľż񰡣Ҳһҿ̫ˣ㻹ǾƷеȴʦҩʦҵ졭
ŷһЦôˣҲ֪˵ʲôˣǺǣˣﵣż֮ƣǬΪ
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˵˵ţ˾Ͳ̾һ̬ȷǶԹŷмӡ
磬ҿǵһμ˳һ˵İ
ʱսҲӦ˹ϡ̬űΪ꣬Ц
ģϵƺ
ս͸ŷܵ磬λұ磬ٴ
սĽҲùŷȻսôиոأԭĸǱߵˡ
ȴû뵽ĸǱߵ˾ȻҲţٴ䣬ҲֻǱȶսһѣҪ֪䣬Ϊ߳ȥǾǳĴڡ
ͺñȺʣȺ֡
á
ŷЦŵͷ
ãҿɵĳƺĳɾȣҡ
ٴǸ룬ֻȷǳݹŷ壬ˆ£֮ץŷֿʼ˵йŷһЦҲ֪Ǻá
ҪΪԼֱԷţһĿ⣬ŷ
ˣ磬ҷϵ֮ģϵڵء
սٴֿʼ˵æչŷ˫֣˵
ŶǿȥŴʦʱĻǿɵúú˳ҲָָңҿǿΪкܳһЩʱ˰
ٴսĻҲپˣĩ˻Ǽôһ䡣
ŷֻεصͷӦ
ǣսٴδŹŷ峯ųǳķȥ
磬Ƕҽ磬ǽҵţҪҵĻǶҽ̳˵λã¾ˡ
սŷܵ
ŷͷû뵽ٴǵڶ˳λ̳ˣֻǸոģƺûΪ̳˵λöκθҺìܣ㣬ùŷԶҽ˴Ϊ
Ҫ֪棬һ˳λεڶ˳λ̳ˣҲ˵򣬵ദþԲǢֵ֮䣬Ҳˡ
ֻһܿҽԱƷǷǳġ
ǳصܴܴ˵ķٶȣҲ˲ʮңŵǳصλãһͳǱǶҽ߲ǰԼסĵطˡ
һ·ȴùŷǿЦ
ոٴȻ˵Ķʵһ·ϣսǬǿߣڵ֪˹ŷ֮޲ͬٴǰ㣬һһ飬ߣȻҹŷҪǩҪ֪ЩˣɶǬǿ߰
ΪģһǬڵŮӣ̬飬ﵽѦ¡uuŶǸ̶ȣȻ϶ҪһЩģҲѵһĴŮˡ
ǣ֪ŷݺ󣬾Ǿϲġһѱסŷ壬ڹŷûзӦ֮ʣȻǺ촽ݺڹŷһڣʱͽŷ˸
껹㣬ǲſסŷ֣ǷڹŷĦţµĽǣùŷ屶꣬˸һ졣
󣬻ڶս켵ʵУŽŮģȻŷ˵
ҽˣʵ̫һ㡣
鵽ŵĳ̶ˣùŷǿ߶治ɫľǿߣ˿̶ЩԲˡ


810 ҳǱ
ҽǱܴ󣬴ó˹ŷš
ռԹŷһͷߴΰ֮һǱŷϲˡ
ȻһĶŷ岢ôں˼֮ҲջĿ⣬̧ȥ
ھǱһʱ˾Ѿǲˡ˵ս˵ȫˣŷȴҪ߹ȥ
Ȼŷ˼֣ǾԼǸʸеģǾԼսֵܣôǳˡֻһֶԳ𾴶ѡ
սȻ֪ģҲûм֣ȴʵŷжһѡ
Ҫ֪֪ŷĸģ˵Ƕҽˣȥȶҽǿĺҹ磬ŷ嶼ѡС
ȫǿԼϣԼֵܡ
սү
˸ո߽ڳǱſڵͷ׷׳ŶսͷһЦ˸к
ս쾹Ȼ˿дæͷ˿ûүļӡ
⵹ùŷЩϰԵطſ򣬶ʱһ
ΪоſڵȻǬǿߣ
ʱùŷкһ𾪡
ʲô
ˡ
ʣ¼䣬мǬǿŵģ
Ҳùŷ岻ڶҽεһ˽⡣
ΪԼҰֻؾսֿǬǿߣ˵ô˵Ҳ˰ɣ
ڿ֮࣬Ĳ
Ȳ˵һ·ԼҲӦʮǬǿߵϢ˵ŵǬǿߣŷϻҰֻûǸ
λǹŷŴʦ˰ɣǽѾȺʱˡ
ŷڹ۲ǣǬҲڹ۲Źŷ塣
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ţõģ鷳ˡ
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Ĳ࣬ԵúݣŷĻ¶һЦоǴЩص鷳ΪŴʦ·ҵҡ
˵꣬΢΢˸ƣȻһȣǰΪŷ·
ŷҲٶԣ˶սһۣ󣬳ųǱȥ
ڳǱ棬ŷĸоǰδ
Ȼ߽棬ŷȴоԼ·ĳɭƵá
ΪǱǽܸߣŷǲжԲûп
һĿģдеֳִ˸߻ݣͷ·ĳɭĸо
ЩҲΪŷ忴СһãҪʮ˺ϱ㹻ģǺüٸ˲ܺϱ¡
ҲҺǱȷ󣬲κһǿĳǳСЩҲԵͻأС
֮Ǵǰ桢桢濴ȥĿĶǸִͻݣκǽġ
⴦ط¾ͲñȻҰ½ĹСˡ
Ȼ·϶еģʱŷǬĴ£һֱͨǱ黨ʯ̾͵С·ϣС·ҲһͷһŷĿԤеĻС·ĳȣҲʮϡ
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˴ֱʵĳǱǹŷһμ
ٺ٣磬ǱǶĲɣ
ŷΣϻЩ̾һԵĶս̲סٺٵЦʵ
ŷҲϣͷ˵ԶǸĳǱ͸éƵãڿɱԡ
ŷ˿⻰ˣ˵ЩҲһˣҪ֪һǱķѿ֣һʵɸ㲻
ŷȴںЩǲαȥϣ
ŷĻսͲ˱죬ĸжԹŷĵȻ޿κΣǰǸ΢΢˵ͷŷ˳ɾҲżȻֵȻ̹ȻͲһ˿ӵеġ
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С·ĳȻ˹ŷԤƣ߰ʮﳤߣ˰СʱҲŵ֮ĿģޱȺΰĽˡ
ʵһ·ߵߵҲвСһĽǰⶰǿС׼ˡ
ǾеģĿǱסĵطֻⶰһѣ£ⶰ㣬Ѿˡ
ս죬ϰסĵط
ŷ忴˺һ󣬲Ų̾ʵ
⽨ʵùŷһѡ
ûҲסġ
ضս쵹ǺúûشˣҲû¶ʲôɫȻŷĵȻܡ
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ʱһۻޱȵӾ֮ϴ£֮񣬾ͬʨŭ𣬵ŷȴܴһ˿Ѻá
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˵ķٶȣȻǲٶȿԱģ˸߶ȣһʮѣŷ͸Ӧһɺޱȵơ
ԣǺأ
е˵ƣǰġ
е˵ƣӴġ
֮ƶУŷΨûиֺܹصϢ
Ϊ˵ǺأȴΪŷоƵˣͬǾ֮ϵǳֺһ޾ͷĺΰɽƣǹŷ״
Ҳɴ˿֪Ƶ˵ǿ˺̶ֳȡ٣ŷҿ϶ԳԽǬķ룡
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ǺǣСѣˣɡ
ۻعŷУĵȷȷƵˣҲǶˡ
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̧ͷȥ֮ϣٻоŲ߶ȣ㣬ŷոմͱһ赲һ㣬ɹŷʹͻƲǲϰ쵽ȥ
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Ȼڹŷεش㽫ջȥʱͻȻһףȴǺȻڹŷ
Ҳޱۻ룬ǹŷȴܹ϶ԲǶ
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ŷһȴҲóȻ̽ˣϾһֺܲòΪ˵жսϵڣǶӦòԼΣŷȴ
ֻΪ϶һ뷨ܴԼֻǿ̽һ䣡
Ϊλð뷨ȴΪŷӸղǵУоһ޷ŵʵƺˣȶ컹ҪΪǿ
ңӦǿ˻ֹһ㣡
ȻޱȾŷȴܿƽ
ٿԶսʱƽģȻոǵֻԼһ˶ѡ
ȴһ󣬲ûǵŷ㲻ٶ룬һͳ㽨Ĵŷȥ


811 죡
Ӧ˵νǰŵġ
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ԵӾ˵ˣͨľΣһûκβȻΪͨľƳɡ
ʱѾڷһЩȣŷ嶨һһЦΪͨĲˣ࣬Ǽ⣬ز࣬ͨҰˡ
˵ʵϹŷֻǶЩɨһ۶ѣǰǰһ붼ûУͽĿⶨڳλһӡ
˭Ȼ˵ˣֻǿӵһ˲䣬ŷʱ㵵
Ҳ˵ӳö˧ǿӵĵһۣŷɴǲǶս˫ֵ̥ܣ߾ˡ
̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
ǱܻҪģǻʵ棬һͷڷԲͷ˫°ͬէĺ룬˿ʨӵëûκ
ͭŭĿԲʹΪһ㡣
ٿţȻҲͶսһֲͣؿڴ󳨣¶˶ͬŮزļӲؼëǡïʢˣʱһһɿԿϢʱԵô
ҪǶԶսϤҲ׿˫Ʋ̸Ļŷ϶Ϊ˾Ƕս졣Ϊȫһģ̳ģ⿴رϤģʵԷֱ档
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Ȼ仰˵ҲǳϹŷǿЩˬȻҲûˡ
ɣɣ
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ٶŷûоʲôȴùŷԵĶսһȡ
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öаԵͷҪ֪ӹŷŵڣԼһֱûջƵġ
˵ԼҲûȥѹȣԼΪ˵ǹŷˣ¾ЩǬĩǿߣ¶Щġ
첮Ҳ֪Сʲôָʾ𣿡
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սĶȻҲע⵽һĻʱ͹ЦЦǽһ⣬Цǽһ
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Ǻǣ󲮣ΰôæ͵ҩӦõġʵͳҺսĹϵԺֻҪҪҾ޶
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ȻҲԣҽ磬û⼸ҩǮ
ԲˣٲԣЩ˿ɶҪˡ
ŷ˵һ֣ӣкŷԲˡ
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812 졢硢ޣ
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ԼƳƷߵȵҩĻȻҩЧ϶ӲȫҲܹ𵽲Сõġ
⣬ҲǶʧ̬ԭڡ
Ҫ֪Ҳ˵˵ҩĻҩЧ룬ֻҪôһҩЧǶսУ͵Ӯľˡ
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ŷûʳĵ׵ʣ֪ӦԼ֪ʱ򣬾ͻ֪Լڻ֪ʸ
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ȵԼӵ㹻ʵʱȻ֪˭ǰǿǿԼ򶼸ӦԷһ˿Ϣ
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ŷ廰Ÿո£Ȼһʹλվ۹磬Źŷ壬ƺ뿴ŷ˵Ǽ١
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˵꣬ŷʲô˶٣˵ҲӦԼ֪ϣǬΪĶ˰ɣ
ŷͷȷ֪һ㣬ͱ㣬;ǳԽǬǿߣ
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ŷһ켶Ȼŷ絽жǿֻޱȵ֣ÿ϶ԶǬǿߵġ
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ֻգգۣƺϲŷ循ȵӣ˵켶ֻ۷Ŀʼ棬л缶ԼǴ˵е޼
һأŷȷˡ
ԭΪǬ滹һ켶ӦþΪ۷ˡ
ȴ룬ʲô缶Լʲô޼


813 磡
졢硢ޣ
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ȴʳ󣬶һЦЦǱ켶缶޼ûоֵ֮ġԣ˱켶֮ٽһֱǻ缶ٽһǴ˵˵޼ˣ
ŷ庹գΪ켶ҲͱԴǬһгĩ֮ء
뵽ŷֲǶ㷢һף˼ȻܱȶסøߣôʵҲӦҪȶǿġ
ָ˾ǶҽĴʼˡ죡
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˵ҽʼˣʵϲǶ죬ѾλĶ츸ף졣
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֮һľдһľӢɫʵĴˡ˵ʵԶ죬ŷȻδЩ¼󣬻Ƿǳλǰġ
ԴǧǰҽΪǿ֮һ֮󣬶λͣλôԼĶӶ죬Լʧ˵С
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ǰεĹʹⷽԱʧأûʲôֶεĻһΣ磬轣磬Ҳؽ̤ƽ
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һӵҩȻ˵ٷܹ֮ʤ٣ӦǲһսбԷģ
˵ϾͲ¶һ˿ϲЦ⣬ֶӣڿ֪Ҹղ˵һھܹƳҩ󣬻˷ܵԭô
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˶٣˵ʵǬ۷ϣǱ켶ˡҪﵽǬСԲԲܹӵͻƱ켶ʸ
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ðɣŷ岻ԼԼˡ
һŷ廹ĸοģ٣Լۺʵٻǿеڻҵʸġ
Ȼڻҡ֣ùŷΪˬЩڻҶûʸ񵱵ģԼҪõöɣ
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ֻǣĻû˵꣬۽Լһۣһߺߵ٣ֶڻʸμսʱãСõĵرҲԶԶ㣬ǣȴǸڻҵʸûУͷһ
Խ˵Խĭӣֱ˶սһΪϴ˸ˮ
ȴսˮһʹվŸӴҲǷԣҵʵǲ磬ҲһԲս
´ӮҲԲ˰벽Ҳη壡Ƕˣˣûثֻ֣гʿ
սһúģϵ̬ҲԿȻսⷬ󣬶ȴ¶ŪŪο֮ɫ
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˵󣬶ĵ׵ĿѪƺҲ˳һ˵ǿӶӣ¶ҫĽ΢Ц
ŷ岻֪ʱҲѾվؿԸһۣУصǸղŵĻ
ûثֻ֣гʿ
ԵĻѪڵĻŷоԼǳõѪҺҲ·һ̣ȼգ


815 ڷ
ãδսҾʹȥμӣ
ޱһĶսļ򣬶뵽ʲôֻ˵Ҳõȵսʱȥˣ죬ȥһɡ
˵սÿһеģƽ˫ʱʱطСģսóʱĥһսʼ֮ʣҲӦһЩԱˡ
˵ǳӵΪҲͬμսǶսϾԼӣôܲΪԼӵİȫأ
ԣöսСģսӦӦһʱ䣬һȵսʼҲȥڻҡ
սһԼ⻰һ˫ĿʱҲؾͷ˵ððǰǲҲμӣҿһֱƵýȥѵѵЩëˣ
˵ţŸҪϵҲԴȥˣͰŸ˴ȥˣΣ
ʱɫһΪھͺţˣûڳ㣬ʱ»ûӴ˼ңͱ˼ҸˣЩˣ޲涥ǿߣľͻƵǬ۷壬򣬵ʱñҳܣ
һȻԴȴԶԼӵĹ֮ɫ
սȻҲܹóڨڨһЦҲû˵ˡ
󲮣ʵ㲻õĵġ
Ȼһû˵Ĺŷ壬ͻȻ˵ս첻һʵʲôõģ
˵ʵ㲻õսģɣսȸһȥΣ
ŷҲͣרĪ˵
öǲˣҲû룬ȻŷӴò࣬ȴܿóŷԲһϲ˵տڰ׻ˡ˵ͷЦȻֶ˰գȻõˡ
ǶսȻ뵽ʲôһ˫۾ֱɢ͵Ĺâǽһ˷ܣҪǴӦ˹ŷ˭Ҫ˵ǸܵĻڿ¾ҪŹŷԼˡ
ŷ˵˼ӦþǸԼ֮Լܹӵв׵Ա˰ɣ
˵Ϳ˿ŷ壬ȻЦֶӣҪ졭ɣҲȥӦӦɣ
챾˵йŷҲһȥģȻ뵽ŸոҴ̣϶Ҫģ˵
ŷͷЦţҲ뷨ҩĻƶһġ֮һ֮ڣҾԿƳƷߵȵҩ
ŷ仰ɴ˶һ˿ǣЦУʱһԸȥɶʱȥˣֱǣԻ˴ȥģ
ʵֽ׶Σȥġ
Ҳǿػţȥ޷ǾǵĶսİΣҪȥԿţսĳʲô⡣
ҪĻԼȥϵ죬ҲŪ

Ӷҽ뿪ʱ򣬹ŷͶսǷȥġ
սǶҽļ̳ˣŷ˶󲮣Ȼʲôˣʮӣ˾˴͹ĻȻâһ뿪
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ǰǰŴʦͬ˵ǰûһӰȻǴкɱЩеСɾ͵Ĵöˣ
԰԰ҲȻͬ˵ô˧ᣬԸ׺ֲܹͣôŶ

һʱ䣬ƣֳݵĻ־ϲļУڶ
УǼдŮЩȽ¶ǵĻȻû˭ȥǵġ
Ȼ⻹ûʲôùŷɵ۵ǣԼк֮󣬻ǿԼȽ׺ͣûʲôӣһЩȽϵģȻʼԼߴգʱͱ˸ΧУ˫ҲӸǶŷ㲻ףΪɶԼµѥӣôоü˫ڲͣظأ
һԣһĻĶս죬ʱһսȻǳûһ뿪˹ŷߣ⡮꼰㡯
Щ˵飬ġ
ŷ屻ͷǣߴߴгݵĻʼŷ廹ţ΢Цض˵ͷֱ֪Ķ֣һץסץס˵İѱ֮󣬹ŷһˡ
Ȼ۵ģǹŷоֻץץסˣȴûҲͰˣֻ־Ȼڲͣġַǽһ

ֻһӰŷ˲Ծ֮ϣͷ亹ֱðһ£ʵŵˡ
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һֲֻڴëĴֵĻŷڿɱĶˡ
ҲǡҵеĴҡ˰ɣ
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ŷǲٴȥˣֻŮ˵֮һ˿󻶺׷ȺͳԶɶȥͬʱҲΧ׼κһ˷գ
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˹ŷֻҡͷһЦ̴ûֻȴκһҪǡ
ŷĻ˶һϾɻ󲻽顣Ȼս⡣
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ɣ˵ıҲԽԽ𾪣ԽԽ۾ԽԽԲ
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ŷЦʯСѾСѾͷԼûôעȴԼǷǳŬȻѾһʮڱԴǿˡ䣬ȴǱԼС


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ŷҲԣߵսǰѹƣȴЩƽģſ򣬽սС
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ŷעֻǵǬĩڵģǹŷ᲻ýǬ۷壬СԲԲǼô࣬ѾǺŵˡ
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Ǻǣûµģѵǻ֪Ϲ𣿶ԣЩǿ󣬿ɱңҲǸа
ŷͺǺһЦŮɳ˵ģæǰȥ˫ֽŮԵС§뻳Уο˵ȥҲǻġǿ֪ҵٶжġ
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ŷ˵˻ʱţǱŷȾֻ֪Լİɵȷû˵󻰣ŮԺɫÿһ㣬˵ס
Ϲ˵ǰͷҪǳʲôĻǿ϶Ҳûٻȥ˵ġ
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ŷһ𣬿ŶŮеļ֪Լĳʲô⣬ǣǾԻԼһ𱼸Ȫġ
һŷǿѹзӿİ⣬ޱؿλޣصһͷģҾԻСµģ
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ԣõ֮󣬱һصԼλϣȻ󣬴ӹ忪ʼһǰע롣

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ŷһЩ˿ȥȴһЦǹŷʶǣЩˣֻʮױ߶ѡ
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ŷԼ΢ЦһӦͷʮ۷屾ߣ鲼˽䱸ʵ
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Ŷĸģ
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Ҫ˵ᣬûм֪Сᡭ
ŷû뵽ƹŻҰ½ģȻǸԼȹȻಿҡһһֱԼСᣡ
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ŷһ̾ôˣûԼ
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ȻûйŷôǿĸӦǰôͻȻ͹Ļأͼ߲ʹâҫҲȻ
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ŷҲ˸̾һת۾ôȥˣ龰ȴĿԼһ졣
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СɴؿŹŷ壬һ˫Ŀɵôģ·𲻸ǰġ
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СǲŵؿŹŷ壬ԼҹλʱʼǻԼԺУô֮ȥӰź
ˣԭأһʱ䣬ξֺʵ
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ŷһЦůЦݲϣϤϤС֪ⲢΡ
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ŷϾΣСıֵȷЩԼϣȴַһ΢̾ϢҲ֪ιʡ
֮Сڻ񣬾͵̧סԼС죬ɴ˫ۣŵؾ㡢ôˣ
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СڴһЦ˸̾ͳݵضԹŷΪɾͲ˲֪Ķȥˡ
˵ڶѾǬǿ˰ɣǰ죬ƺɱһǬ۷ǿߣһǬ۷ǿߣУҰֻأҲһң
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ǺǣûɣЩҪʱȥҰֻȥô˵Ҳˣʱ𡣡
ŷʵЩεģСȻεúܺãʱʱİĽͳԣǱŷ岶׽ˡ
ڵȷЩҪҲ׼ȥˡ
ţȥæɣһȥģ
ŷ˵СȻˣæ˵ͷЦ˵
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˵һ䣬ŷڰ֣һ˲ƣת˲֮䣬ʧ˵С
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ҡҾȻ˻Ұ½Ĵ桪ŷ壿
ԭᣡ
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825 ʦʦ겨
ɳȥԶŷŻͷȥĿȻܹԼС˵ģСἸˣȴѿŷӰ
СǻճߵĿ⣬ϻǳʧ䣬΢ƬƬëѩʹӰѩصУԵôɪ
ŷ΢΢һ̾ҡҡͷٶ룬ͷչŴɳķȥ
ιŷǰȻ׼ȥʦʦ￴ġ
ȻŷҲΪƾԼôܹ֮ʦʦˡ
ŷʱǰȥҪ뿴Լ뵽ܹܲ
ԵĻһĿ꣬Ǹʦʦˡ
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ˣŷŲһҶѣѾ˴ɳԵشԶϤĿХɳĳ棬һι˹ŷĻ䡣
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ŷַ·𿴵ʮ橡ԼʬǰеľǿÿΪԼϴʱ¶޽ߡ
ţŷĿᣬ뵽ʲôƵãһٶȳȥ
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·һʵӣĿᶨ
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֮һ룬ͱŷʦʦԺ֮С
˵֮ڡ
֮Ժ֮֮󣬹ŷȴûзʲô쳣;Ҳûзκβ
ŷȻô׵طȫעţŹκһ˿˿쳣
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ңֲŷ廹ǳϤеĲ


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Сع۲˰죬˿ƬҲûκɢļɾùŷΪˡ
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ŷж϶ǳ˰죬ȴʼշֲùŷЩͷˡ
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˵һӵļ䣬ʦʦĳⷽһӵļأ
𵱳ۿӰȥһʱǧžŷ嵽ڶеΪж𺳡
ֻǣʦʦﶼû뵽ֻΪ˱һۼѣȴǡɳԼǵ߰ɣ
뵽ŷ帴ʦʦ뷨Ҳǿ
ǣæ׿еȫ̽
ڴ˿̣Ȼŷһƺʲôϸϸһ۲죬ϣʱһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ


827 μۻ굤
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ݴмأִμۻ굤Чƺ֮󣬿ԱСһ겻ɢֻҪϮܹ㱣ȥ
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վֿ˿֣ܵ˫ȻӶ߲ʱԴʯǶɳصУԭԵЩ߲֣ʱ֮ʦʱΪͺ
ֻ֣Ҫƻģǧǲκˡ
һУŷٴʦʦһۣȻޱȹضǵһתȥ

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ȻĻǣȻٽлˣڽʲôŷûȤ֪
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ģʮױߡ
ŷЦЦ˿˴ЩưֱӸһСᣡ
ȴÿһ䣬룬ǸͷĶױԴߣŷĺ֮ɫһ䣬ñޱȡ
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һŭıȣǰ似һȻȫһģƺҪֱȡŷ
ŷʱȻЦõؿԼΧм䣬ɷİߣҲǣҲǣһЦơ


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вʮıԴߴڣΪǹŷ尡
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˵꣬ЩεضԹŷŷ壬ԲЩ˲֪ݡ
ŷͰڰ֣νЦû£Ҳùˣǵģֵñġ
С˻֪ŷѹû£ǸһЦҲپˣ俴ЩһۣԹŷһơ
ŷ֮Цϣ˺ܿȥֻһȺŷ塯־ˡ
šŷ壿


829 ߽磡
ڶ죬ŷͻصֻؽ硣
ȥСҪҪԸȥҪκ˿ɳ
СȻȻΪ˽ǸױԴߴǰʮױߣػڴɳԵشԷ˿
Դˣŷû飬ЦлǸױԴͰһʱЩܳ
һظԼֻҪԼţ;Բκһ̤֡ŷȻͷ
ȻС£ŷҲžͲͣϢһ󣬵ڶСᣬصֻؽ硣

ŷһ͹ڴ͹ĻԵʮʮ۷屾Դǿ߱׷׹񣬹ŷЦŵͷȻһͳСԺȥ
ŷѾȥ߽ˡȻҪԼλ˵һġ

Ŵʦ
ŷո߳ҽĴ͹ĻԱ߾ͷһˣŷ嶨һȻһǬ۷Ϊǿߡ
ٿòҲߡ˷ֵƣŷ֪˭ˣæЦűȭ޺
Ƿĵ׵ܷܵ޺ֻȷСôһ㣬Ƿҽڶ֣ŷƺΪȻ޴
޺ЦŵͷǺǣô߰ɣʹȥ߽硣
˵ţ޺ߵ˴͹Ļǰ涪뼸űԴʯ󣬴͹Ļ߲ʹâ
ŷæվ˻ȥâǰһףĿģһǳĴ
˵Ǵʵϲûκΰ裬ֻһʮڴˡ
ڹŷ˵ĳ֣Щ˲ûбֳǿ۷޺˵ͷȻϵãȻŽĿתŷ壬дź֮ɫ
ŷ崫͹һ
Ϊ֣ʮȻһ켶ǿߡ
ʮһλ˵ֻǸӦǬ۷壬ǹŷȴ֪ӦǬСԲϡ
ȻΪǿ߾ۼء
ֻĻѣȻͳһ켶
Ǻǣ޺ѵλСֵܣǴ˵еҩʦƷʦĹŷŴʦ
ûȷ޺˵켶ǿ߾ͺؿŹŷ壬޺Цʵ
ǵġ
޺ЦŵͷȻתͷԹŷܵС壬λƽƣƽ֣Ҳȡ֡
Ʋãҿɲʲô˵еĹŴʦԼҲϣţһҩʦɣ
ŷһЦִк
ƽ磬˲֪ڹŷ˵Ҳ׹ġ
ȴΪƽ磬һֻǿ֮µʮ󳬼֮һ֮ǿҲֻǱǿôһѡ
ŷȴ֪ȴ̫࣬Ҫ˸缶ǿߡ
ƽҲӵһ缶ǿߵĻôǿҪһλˡ
꣬ááã
ƹһЦͷŷĿ⣬Ҳ׺һЩУҲ֮ɫ
ôƣôˣɲҪ켶ǿذɣ
ŷʶ֮󣬷޺ЩЦЦʵ
Ļȴʵ͹Ļ˵֮ڡɵзûǣ
ԣһģЩǬ۷ϵߣֻΪЩд͹ߵġ
ȵʲôʱĹ˻߽ģǻ缶ǿˡʱЩǬǿߣѾʸ
ǺǣʵרŹŹŴʦġ
ƺǺһЦؿŹŷ˵
ŷͷ޺˽һŷû뵽켶ȻרŵԼģ޺Ƕе˾ɡ
С壬ҺͰǶֵˣһС壬Ϊɣ
ȴǲûнͣЦһ䡣
Ȼλҵҡ
ŷæ˵
ǺǣǾͺǾͺãʵҵΪٴȷһġ
˵
ŷһ㶣ЩȻֱʵƲҪ֪ǾƷߵҩ飿
ƾͷоȻ¶Щкͽţɼ¼Ϊӡ
Ʋİɣһ֮ڣҾԿƳҩ
ŷһЦ֤
ŷĻ²ֹˣʮһλǬǿߣ¶ϲؿŹŷ壬Ψз޺Ǿһ£ŵɴ˫ۣŷ忴ȥ
úúãһ£ЩϼһӦǿԷˡ
Ǿϲ֮ɫһ¹ŷļ̬ޱ˷ܵЦС尡ĳ֣Ϊ磬ɵʤ㰡
ɣ
ƵĻһԵķĶʱſͣ˿һϲ˷ܵˣֿ˿ŷ壬УҲ¶˷֮ɫ


830 ٷ֮һ
ɣŲࡣ
Ҫ֪ûйŷЩҩδս轣ʤ㣬һɣ
ǣѹûκһʤ㣡
Ҳ˵˹ŷƵñ켶ǿ߷õҩ֮轣ʤ㣬֮ǰ붼ĳң
⣬ҲΪε죬ԼƵõŷı֤󣬻ʧ̬ԭˡ
ŷԼҲû뵽Ȼôʤ㣬жʱһȵʵƲôɡƵǸƷߵҩҩЧҲֻǷֱӺͼٰٷ֮ʮѡ
С尡ɾ֪ˡ
ƹһЦɼʱǳ֮ã˶٣Ϊŷ͵캣սʵǱ켶ǿߡ
轣磬캣磬ҲͬûгʮƷʦҩʦĴڡ
˵ҩЧֱӺͼٰٷ֮ʮѾܹԱ켶𵽷ǳЧˡ
ˣ£ⷽı켶ǿߣҩ֮ԷǾûκġ
һʤ㣬С˹Ƶģ
ƻŷҲȻͷ
ȴ룬ҩþ֮󡣾Ȼʤ㣬ҪǡҪԼܹڴս֮ǰƳʮƷʦҩֻأ
뵽ŷ࣬Ȼ̲סþ
ܿйΪģֻŷܿ뵽ҩǸһƷҩԣƺֻʮƷҩ¡
Ʒߵȣ޷Ƴˡ
ԣҪƳʮƷʦҩֻԼŬȥˣ
룬²ôס
ԼȷһûԼҲϡǣԼҲֻһƷȴʦѡ
Ʒ֮ϣһжѣ
οҪһ·ͻƵʮƷʦδҩʦﵽľ磬ʮڣ޽ӽ㡣
ţС壬ôˣǲʲôѣģκֻţ磬轣磬ᾡһп㣬Ϊһѵģ
ŷüͷͷ˼Ʒ޺ԼʮһǬǿ޲Ҫ֪һ³κ⣬ô轣磬ɾΣˡ
ԣǵľ˿̶ֹסʧ̬
ŷҡͷһЦûʲôֻţܲڴս֮ǰƳʮƷʦҩѡ
ŷ˵ʵ⻰Ʒ޺˶ȴֱ𾪵ô
ʮʮƷ
仰Ǵӱ˵Ļҩʦˮ˵ģǶֻ֮ԱǣѹͲš
ǣ⻰ȴɹŷӹǿҩʦĿ˵ģǳŵζȴܸоŷƺ˵ʵ
ʮƷʦ
Ʒ޺˵۾ƺЩˣΪǴӹŷĻܹƺŷ˵仰ʱôһ˿˿գ
˺һᣬȫȻȵ󣬾һŷǰһץסŷ˫磬ͨ˫ۣŴЩʵСС壬㡢˵˵㵽Сжٰգ
УǲҪʲôֻҪ˵轣ûУֻ캣УҲȥ͵
ƵݵλȻ˵͵仰ɼҩ轣õжô޴
ҪǡҪǹŷƳʮƷʦҩһҩĻƸԼͷʱ轣ʤ㣬߳ɣ
˵һٽ캣ơԲ£
ֻ룬Ƶģ鲻ԽؿҲΪء
޺ʮһǬǿߣҪΪʧ̬һ㡣
ŷ񣬾ͺǼǣȻ俴һ㡣ֱйŷëȻ
ŷЦһȴҲ֪еļУԳƬ֮󣬱ҡҡͷЦղߣٷ֮һİնûС
ʼǼŷҡͷ϶ʱ¶˼ʧ
ȻŷǾ仰һ˫ӣ˵ɵñţ
١ٷ֮һ
°ٷ֮һҲϣǣ
һ£ǳ侲ˣҲ͹ŷ˵ֱŹŷֱۣٶȳĳһɱȥ
ͬʱñ켶Ϊŷסŷȴ֪ôû˼ֻԼܸˡ
Ҳò˵켶ǿʵ֮ǿ󣬵ȷǳ˹ŷ
ŷֻоԼ޷һ£Ȼžһ죬߾Ҳκˡ
ȴ룬ƵٶȣȻͻ٣


831 Ľ죡
ŷǷǳεġ
Ƶٶʵ̫һ㣬ԹŷѹͿΧǰΨˢˢӰ
ԣɴҲȥۿΧˣеʱ˽߽ģǣţŶ߷ɱȥ
ֻз޺һ˸˹ѡ
ǣȴͱ˦ʵƵı߶š
ɼ켶ǿߵʵȷԶԶǬܱġ
Ϯ˴ԼһңܱߵľȻֹȻĵϢͳ˹ŷĸӦС
Ȼŷ忴ǰ֮ȴǴһ
ΪǰȻֹĸˣʮˡ
Ҳ˵ʮ棬ŷֻܹӦĸ˵ϢˣԼȻԷϢӦ
Թŷӵ״γ֡
ŷﾪǾȣȴûж롣
ϾǰЩ˶һ˲֪ϹԼȴֻ˰ʮѣӦǵϢҲʲô˵顣
ԣֻǿЩһۺҲûϸͿʼΧ
ŷλãҲһ
һ´߷κͲ輸ߴԼٶţӦ֮
Ҳ˵һµģӦҡ
Щ֮⣬ҲûʲôرװˡŷҲ⣬Ϊսģܵġ
˼۴֮󣬹ŷƵؽĿתЩϣʼ
ЩˣĿȻȫۼڹŷϣЩ΢ӣд΢ĲţҲд΢ĺ档
֮УŷȴԸӦĿ⣬ôơ
˵Ŀ⣬ƺЩ⡣
ŷ̧ۿȥȴģӣϢŷǸӦˣǣŷĸоԺԣˣǱ켶ǿߡ
Ȼŷ岻ʶˣŷɲǡǱԱżΪˬǣҲһ˫ۣص˹ȥ
ŷⷬΪ˶һ
Щˣ鶼ЩζˣҲ
ưλɾǻҰֻصĹСֵܣ
ʱһҷǰεߣ۹ŷ壬ȻЦǺǵؿʵ
ʵߣǹŷȹעġ
Ϊ߸ŷĸоȫһλûκΪͨˡ
ǣ˵ҷλŷȴһָо߾վԼǰֻҪԼ˫ۣ¶ӦԷĴڡ
ǣֻλãжôȻˡ
ԹŷһʱͽĿϣҲʼɣߣǴ˵еġ缶ǿ߰ɣ
Ľǹŷ塣
ߵĻæȭػش
˰㹧ģҲ֤ʵ˴ϵݡ
Ľ죡
ǿ֮ףĽݼĴʼˣĽ죡
ŷһ˫ߣƣȴףǲɣ˫ۣ·ܹ͸
ʱ˫ɣ˫ȴųһĴ鿴Źŷ壬ƵĻ󣬲˵ͷЦ˵Ӣ۳ţţʮ磬ؽٳһ켶ǿߣ֮󣬱ؽٳһ缶ǿߣ
ĽҲͬģ˫һ㣬˲ɣ֮С
ǣŷȴĻﵱио˲һζƺÿһ仰ÿһ֣ÿһζ·ĳءذ棬ŷĸоͺضתһ㣬Ϊ¡
⿴ƺ̫˼һ㣬ŷȴʵʵôһָо
ŷ֪Ϊ˼󡣷Լ嶼뵽һƬ֮һ㣬ŷɣҪԼĻ̧̧֣ȡԼ
趯ֻԭأָ̧̧ʹԼѹ顣
⣬۷ĳȻﰡ
ŷи̾оԼǰͺһճӤһ㡣ߣŷ֪ʲô
޵طذ壬⣬߰壡
ڹŷи֮̾ʱȴߵĻȴڳ˶䡣
Ľ⻰ʲô˼
ѵ˵ʮ󣬹ŷͽΪ켶ǿߣ
ٹ꣬ŷ壬ͽΪΪ缶ǿߣ
˵˵Щģһֻ꣬ǾŰꡣǾǾŰپʮꡭ
ǡҲ̫һɣ
ȴ˻Ľ컰ʵԣٿŷҲȻ˱仯


832 ֮
˳˾ɺͲŵؿŹŷʱ򣬺Ȼʹʮƿ֮˵Ŀ⣬Ҳ֮˹ȥ
ת˲֮䣬ʮӰ׷׳ڴ֮Уһ⣬Ľ칧ش˸кȻȫĿתŷ壬ٴγ֡
ҲУսȴûйʸɡ
ŷû˵Ŀ⣬ЩԼҲʶֱӶŶ챧ȭ첮
ŷоԼĲɶҲԽԽ࣬Ҳֲ嵽˭˭СԸɴ඼ÿһֳƺҲ㡣
ŷһʱԼк򿴶һۣʱĸй⣬һǺϲЦ⣬ЦС尡ض񣬲ض񣬹
˵˵ţԼ̲סЦ
Ͼô˵ĹŷҲһʵ˿Ǭ۷ǿˣǿҩʦݣܹڵһʱԼ첻ǲŽйˡ
ŶԹԵǵعЦֻǱ˱죬ȴҲû˭Ҷ˵ʲô˭жԼǱ켶ǿеٮٮߣһһ缶ĵأ
ǸưôŰǽйν°㲻ὫЩ˽Ϊӭ˵еĹŴʦİɣ
ʱһڴϸ͸¶Щŷתȥ˵ĺȻƵе֮һ
˵ԵǸҲǸͬԹŷ岻ôѺõı켶ǿҲؿڣҲ˵أ˭˼Գƿһ֮ڣƳƷߵȵҩأ
ҩ˭ϡǻͰ͵ؽЩ˶йһӭӣ
Ǹ˵û˵ǵЦͼѾ˵Ҳ˼
ƶʱɫһ䡣
Ϊһñ켶ǿߣʮ֮һܹ䳰ȷ
ȻҲף˵ĲԼģȴҲǼӵĳԼǣ
һʱ࣬ҧ׼༥һɣ
еǰѵͷȴڧǣҪ𣿡
ϵϲŭƽƽģһȴӾ֮ѹ£ʹôŭ׼ڵƺͶ죬
Ҫ֪˿ɲûʩųκѹеϣϣȻƣҲùŷһ˽⵽ʲôС
һ仰·طʲô𺳵
ǺǣСư˵˵ղΪδ˰㼱нҶйǲǡʲôϲ£
Ľ첻Ϊ˾춯صĵزǳ̶ȣԶԶڳЩ켶ǿ߿Աġ
ֻСơȴùŷЦ
Ȳ˵ôһˣ˺Сƣ˵С֡ôоںСƵأ
ȻŷҲֻˣɲ˵
ĽĻеŭʱɢһգ˿ϲ֮ɫæ˵Ľϲ£ȷǴϲ°СС˵
˵˰죬ȴӲ˵һĻе˷ܣȴڳ˶ܸоһ
ʲôϲ£Ȼóƣʧ̬أ
˲Ŀ׷תŷ壬о棬Ҳоɡ
ŶǺǣСưҿǶûʧ̬ˣȻ˵ɣ
ĽȻҲʧ̬Щ죬ȴǵһЦ̧һӣʱվԵĹŷ壬ٸһޱµϢ˲佫УԭļƣʱͰȥ
һĻŷ˲ɴ˫ۣԾò㽫Լͷҧϡ
⡢ʲô
ȻֵܹΪԼã
Ҫ֪˭ҪͱҪսԼڣЩΪ֮󣬲ܹʹá
ǣĽ죬ȴǸûЩһ£ЩȻޱȡ˳ã
ҪĻĽ˴սֻҪ֮仹ǡ͵ӵ޾֮ˣ
⻹ùŷΪ𾪵ġ
ùŷΪ𾪵ǣȻоסƵǹƺƺв֮棿
⡢ô£
ŷͣ⻹״μʹ֮ģѵ˵缶ǿߣʹõɣ
ŷ岻֪ܹ϶һ㣬֮缶ĳֹ
ʲôڵĹŷ֪ܵġ
ңҲȥʣ֮ͻ֮ˡ
ԣֻȽѹУֻԺΪǿ֮ٽ̽ˡ


833 ʧ̬۷ǿǣ
Ľİ֮ƺܿ侲
һɲԼ͹ŷɨӵˣһȻ󻺻˵ոգС˵˵һ֮ڣܹƳƷߵȵҩ
һ⻰ޱһڳ˭֪£Ҫ˵
Ϊʲôϲأ
뵽˷׷ҡͷһһէģǲ֪ôľôġ
УΨĽؿһۣȻµƺӦûлҪ˵
֪ΪΣĽȻоԼȻ˼£ⲻһ궼ûֹˣ
ȴ֪ʲôϲҪˣΪ缶磬ذɵΪ̵ĵزԶĳЩûз飬ܴһЩԤ֪ĸӦġ
ѵʲôȹŷһƳƷߵҩΪ˾ϲ飿
뵽Ľ˫ɣ˫Ҳɿ˹ŷ壬۵ףȻ˸ܹڴ
ƣ˵ϲ£°ɣҿϺͿˣ£ڳ˭֪Ҫ˵
ǸԹŷ岻Ѻõӿ˵ˣ¶һ˿˵
ȴûҲ¶һ˿мļЦ۴ˣǽ˵ģȻֻ¡
˵ǣСո˵ʮڣаٷ֮һİգʮƷʦ
Ҳ˵ڴս֮ǰСаٷ֮һİƳʮƷʦҩ

˶ˡ
һֻԭ΢ЦĽ죬֪ʱȻѾƺ͹ŷǰģǰģһͨĴĺǣһ˫ɣ˫ۣ˿ȴɢض·һֹ̾ĺ˾⡣
㡢˵Ŀģ
Ľһ˫˫۽ƺ͹ŷ壬ȻԼȻЩͣʱѾȥЩֻ֪ո˵ģǲģ
ˣȻΪĽ죬һ߳ȥ޲Ϊ۷ĳȻ
ԣ˿ҲǴӲŵ𾪵лعȫվһ˫˫˫ȫڹŷϣȴĻش
һ
ȴû˵ǿ˿һƽĹŷ壬˵С壬ԼʹҽͰɡ
ȻĽ˫۾Ϳŷ壬Ȼ˸źպվ⣬ŷȴԼ۵ףһ˿֮ɫ
ŷҲûȥϻȻƶ˵ˣŷҲȥʸڷϡ
Ƭ̣ŷ̧ͷڴĿ⵱У˵Ʋ˵û㹻ʹõĻҽаٷ֮嵽ٷ֮ʮİʮͻƵʮƷʦ
һڣȫ˲üž·ˡ
̧ۿȥȴڳһǵסһŲɣף˿̾ͷŵ˵ĺһ㣬һ˫۵ɵñȵĿɿڴؿŹŷ壬һʱ䣬ûκһܹԳһ
λŶӦǺҹǵˣŵصŹŷ壬ŵöһţˡ
ٷ֮֮嵽ٷ֮֮ʮ
˵֮ǰ˵ŷаٷ֮һİʮڣͻƵʮƷʦĻǻܹܿ챣򶨡
ǣʱĽȳȻ΢΢ſͣɣ˫˸źȻ
СС壬㡢ող˵ֻֻаٷ֮һôȴȴаٷ֮嵽ٷ֮֮ʮˣ
һԣȷӦķơ
ȴ֮ǰͳһη˰𾪣ڵҪ˸ܹһ㡣
ȴҲһɫǽͰ͵ʵ
ŷǸȻһЦЦƲ˵İٷ֮һĿԣֻԼŬ¡
ܹõ㹻ֵ֧ĻȻҪġ
ϵĺɫʱת޷ĿϲԥسŵֻҪŷ忪ڣϵɽ»𺣶ģȴĽȴ״Ȳͷ
С壬˵Ҫʲôֻ֧֣Ҫ硭ֻҪ轣еģƴŪ
Ľ쾹̲סץס˹ŷļҲûؾ˵
˫ɣ˫ۣ˿ҲǺȫǾϲ֮ɫ
ΪܹӹŷĻŷ˵Ķʵǹŷ˵ʱչ¶ޱţԥؾ˹ŷ˵
ԶԣС壬˵˵˵Ҫʲô͸ŪҪǵѵҶ㳶
ŷ廹û˵أ৵һŷߣۻڴлصʱú˵ɫ˲ɫ


834 ĳ
Ȼùŷû뵽ǣɫѿѿһݺݵ˶һۣǶû˵ʲôһͽĿ˹ŷ塣
ϸĻ϶۵׷˿ϲԼĺڡ
Ȼ˿ڣǶԸղԼ˶Դŷ̬ȶڡ
˵죬˵ո˵ĻЩֱɣȴɵڳĽ˵
ȷͬԣŷ嵱аٷ֮嵽ٷ֮ʮİʮڣͻƵʮƷʦҩʦĻֻҪŷҪǵѵǶԥһѷȥ
һȺѵŷȴûϻش𣬶ֳ˼Ƭ̣ЦλǰЩһʱҲ˵ңƷߵȶûﵽأ˵ЩЩˡ
Ҳԣ϶˵ġɣֱֽ֮гҪĶʲôҪ֮Ҳһ˵˵Ʒߵȶû룬ҪĶҲôŪġ
ԣ˵Ȼóʱ׼׼һҲ㹻ʱˡ
Ľ첻磬۷һȺ֮һһѾƽ࣬ŷĻ󣬾͵˵ͷЦǺǵ˵
ĽĻҲ׷ͬصͷٿŷĿ⣬ȫޱȵ׺ˡ
ǣлвԴֺõĿ棬ȻҲԣϾλݰǶ
Ȼһϲ°Ľݲִϲ£ǲҪúףףһ
ʱ򣬶ۻٴޱȸ˵عЦ
Զԣϲ£϶ҪúףףһģҲΪСӷϴ
ûзԸȥȥ
Ļ£ʱȫǿ߶һһͣһģı켶ǿ߸һЦܳȥžȥˡɼϢʵ˶ϲޱȡ
ʵҲû˻ɹŷ廰ʵԡ
ǣֻĽ۵״ʱŵϲ⣬֪ŷ˵Ļ϶ûκٵˡ
ΪĽ춼˹ŷĻȻȥˣ
һʱ䣬϶ЦǺǵģһƬϲ֮ǰһֱصķΧǽȻͬˡ
С尡˵ʦ
ȻĽ쿪Цʵ
ŷһЦŵͷǵġ
Լʦ£ŷ岻׼ȥˣͷ֮󣬾ͲĿת˺ˣЩ⡣
ԭջֱĲѺĿģҲĥţǲǶԹŷ¶ЦݣʾѺã
Ͼǰʱ˵ҰֻشڵжԹϵûҲֻǰ˵ĶѡĵˣҲֻҺҩʦ˶ѣҹû̫Ĺϵġ
˵ǳսŷԼĻҰֻأûܵκʧ𣿷أûԼ˵ĵ
Ȼû뵽ǣŷ壬һ꣬ӡȻĵӣ
ٿŷʱĿ⣬Ǿ֪ŷ϶Ѿ֪˭ıĻʹߣúɫ˲ѿ
ŷĽ֮ĶԻ˶һ½ĿȫۼںϣгЦҲֻ
Ȼ֪Ǽµԭġ
ЦֻȻΪˣҹ磬ѾŷƵҩԵˡ
˵ʲôʮƷʦҩǾƷߵȣҩûǵķݡ
ڳˣǵһμŷ塣ǹڹŷ¼ûв֪ġ
ŷ¼ŷԲʲôؿܲɱʦʦ˵ˣгرɱ˲գ֮
ŷ񣬿ΧЩЦֻ񣬺ݿ˵ѿ˼㡣
Ǻҹ磬ǿǿ󣬿һֱģʲô캦鶼ĳԣҲûмѡ
ʱ򣬾͸˭վˣ֪ٴȥҲֻͽǲˬ£Ǳһվ˳ȥ
Ҳ֮ϣŷʱ򣬺۽ⲻŹŷбɨһۣ˸ŵı亮⣬ͲΡ
ٲͷֱ뿪
Ľû˵ʲôﻹĸεġ
ȴҲûж˵ʲôڲìܹìܣڲӰȫֵ£Ҳúҹûʲô취
Ϊҹ磬缶ǿߣ
ŷǵؿźȥıӰҲûж˵ʲô
ȴǰԾ
ҪСһˡ


835 ֮ս
ˣϯ׼ˣԺ˵ףף飬ҲΪС߽ӷϴ
ߺ󣬳еķΧҪгһ㡣
ӻ֣Ц
ҲͷһϲشӵŹŷ峯ŴҷĴȥ
Ӧþˡ
ŷҲû飬һ۷ǿߵĴӵ£ЦǱȥ
Ľ죬ûиȥǻӻ֣ʾŷȥԾˣȻԼǳƬ̣һڹŷûӦ֮ʣʧ˴֮С
һĻʱùŷһ⡢ô˲Ƶã
ʹ˲ƣٶȣҲ˲˰ɣ
ڹŷǿʹĽոʩչ˲ƶҲֻǴһ£ͻع
ǺǣС壬ˣ
ŷ飬Ƶע⵽ˡԱߵĶǺһЦЦʵ
ƼҲһЦؿŹŷ壬ŷܿлﻹǶоǳȵġ
Ҳǰͷľ֮ǿû˵ˡ
ǰոĽǰʩչġ
ŷ̹Ȼͷϴѯʡ
Ǻǣû缶ǿߣʩչ˲ƣ
Ϊŷ󣬲ϸֶᷢ۵ҲĽ
ŷͷ㲻ٶԡ
˵Ż˾׷Щ˷Ҫŷȥʲôڣŷ廹֪ģ֣ôȥ
ģԼֶԼ£Щ˶ĸԸԼϾԼģǽпԷõҩţԼ轣ܱܲס
ŷ˵ʲôȥȻЩ˱û˵ʲôﶼһˬġ
Ҳͬʱ̾Ӹ߲꣬ȶ侲㣬ԣֲнɾ͡
Ȼŷ˵ʲôȥҲ˵ˣ׷£ȴʼտյġ
ȻѾǰѹŷ嵱ͬݵԴ
һƣףСΪ轣ת棡
װһƵĴƱվ˵
ף轣ת
˺ȫվ𣬶žƱʾ⣬ͷ¡
ڼһϢҲ˳ʺһ·θȻθȻڶһ˲䴫ëƺ֮ſΧʿȫһּʵĸоС
þƣ
ŷֹס̾һⱭƣǹŷȹľˡ
ǺǣʮʮƷʳƶɣΪƵĹУֱ߲ţûκʱ䣬־ƣǣƽʱѺȵһεİ
ƺһھƺܵظžҺļʸܣȻЦЦŷ͵
ŷЦŵͷƾվƱЦڶƣǻӭСǻ߽磬μ֮ս
ٴվ𣬷׷׾Ʊһ󸽺͡
ŷں±оƺЩɻ󣬲ʵ֮ս
Ǻǣԣǰⳡս֮ս
ƾ͵ͷЦ
ŷɴɻƾͲЦŽ͵Ƕ캣Ϊ׵ԣǶԼ轣ԣⳡս˭ʤ˭עһս
ʤˣ͵ռǣˡ
ʤˣսȴһֱȥֱһʤ
ԣǾͽⳡս֮Ϊ֮ս
ŷȻͷ룬ֵȷС
ֻŷԺֺȻðǴ¶߰һʮǺӣ⡭ֻ
ҡҡͷûбҪȥЩڵĿ꣬Ƚ캣Ϊ׵磬׻ܣ
£˱ƵƵٱ໥֮Ҳ磬ŷҲʱʱؾƣԾӣʹ϶⣬Թŷ壬ҲǷĵĻӭͽɡ
һƣȵǻЦһɨ֮ǰĳϢһԷ̵ŮҲ·˻Ⱦϴ΢Цʱʱؿһ¹ŷ彡˶޳ıӰǹ㣬죬Ƕ˼Ů

´Ůϲˮ
Ų裬ŷ̲סʵ첮սСĶȥˣ
һЦ˹ŷһۣ˸ĳζЦݣȴûж˵ʲôЦսСԴӴǶ֮󣬾һֱڷȥƺСӣҪͻƵǬĩˡ
սؿŹŷ壬˵󣬾Ͷ豭һڡ
£ŷȻ˵װսеƵã˸ʵ첮սĶȥȥ


836 һׯ
ŷڿԺúÿһν߽ˡ
˶֮󣬹ŷһŮĴ£߳˴
ոһ߳һɻߵϢ
ĿģһƬһ޼ʵĻ֮ء
ȻΪ֮ƣңңڣ˱ظɿݵأûκһֲ
¾ǵеϡ׳ȵȶûκһֵĺۼ
ûп磬Ҳûб꣬еģֻҵҽģɹһˮ֡
ŷû뵽߽羹ôһģת߳´ɵһ㽨֮⣬κζ
Щ㣬ŷ廹Ϊô˵ҲӦʱһѲ߶߹أȴëûһ˵ʲôʱѲߵѲ߶ˡ
ôûѲߵĶ飿
ŷֹסʳʡ
ŮԭڹŷЩġ
ŷǸߴ˶ӰζϢǲܶ˭¶ºЦݣŮЩԡ
˧Сȴӵ˳Ȼݵλʵ崺΢ЦɱƽʱЩЦ׺Ͷˣ
ŮĿءҲ֪ŮˣжôҸ
ЩأȻŷתͷϴޱº͵Цݣ΢΢üͣ˵ʲô
㱼䣬ںԼ˵㡭ԸҵŮ𣿡
Ůʱͨ죬Ҳ룬һϲſڴԸ⣡
˵꣬㿴Ŀе㵵ԭأ㶵ؿԼ
һ䣬Ů˲ѣոյ龰Σɬһʱ֮䣬֪Ǻá
ŷȷЩ㵣ԼôûѲ߶ӣȻͻȻð䡮Ը⡯Ҳ֪Ըɶ
ŮӽεݣŷЦЦҲûôô£ٴظһԼ⡣
ŶŶ⣬⣬򡭡
ŮʱɬԼոյУһǬǿߣΪŷ崺΢ЦʵͺΪ磬ֻҵģΪһĻ˵
ŷһЦҲСŮôˣѵԼôµһĻ˵תˣ
֮£Ͱڰ֣Цˣ´ȥʱ˰ɡ
ŷҲû˼ŮһȴǼˣΪŷأææ˵šŴʦҡҲǣңҡ
˰죬ȴǽͰ͵ģɽŮԼòһ£Ӷð˳ֻûˡ
Ǻǣ˺ˣҪ˵
ŷЦǺǵؿСţСȻСǹŷʮϣŷ治ۣڹŷȷǸûС
ŷĻƺħһ㣬ŮŻҵģŹŷĻǻ
һŮɬһЦȻΪŷ͵Ŵʦʵ߽Ǻܴܴģһ綼Ϻüأλãֻǻ߽߶ѣǲҪġ
Ů˵ĽҲʧˣȻ˵ǰߣҲǽΪĵطǿ߲Ŷأ֮ǿ߶ػǣҲʱ̶л缶ǿ򣬱켶ǿҲʱ׼սѲ߶ҲǼ֮ġ
ŷȻͷԭǻ߽ߵ򣬹ֲüһսԱ
ڽ֣ŷ嵹֪
ÿһ磬һĶֶνˡ
ˣллЩ߰ɣȥսǶȥ
ŷЦЦŮ˵
ţõģŴʦ
ŮæӦ΢һǰ·
ȥķȴǸΪ֮أŷ΢΢ͷӦþսˣϢ֮ˡ
ΪŮֻһһױԴߣнٶȿ֪
ټϻ߽ʵЩ˴Լ˲һСʱңǰֳźЩ
⼸ŷ΢΢һȴ룬Ȼһׯ
˵ǽʵϣֻľݡݡéЩ⡣
ƾŷ۹⣬ȻԶһܹóЩľͷӡéݣֻΪͨĲ϶ѣͬҩʦ˻ɸƷ
Ŵʦǰս˵ľˡ
ŮߵȴǺȻͣ˽ŲоȻ¶η忴ǱߣǰС
ŷһŮеη壬ȴҲûж룬ΪŮֻηסǿءǵͷЦУ鷳ˡ
˵̧꣬ųǱȥ
ŮŹŷȥıӰЩᣬǿ˿Ǵׯǲٽһæתȥ


837 Գݣ
ׯȥ͸ûκһˣҲǶԼҷˣв˶ſںŲ裬죬ģΧΧһȺߡ
ȲģʱʱᴫһˬʵЦĿģҲʱʱشȺͽкѼèЩС޶Ĵܣһɺгľ
֪ģΪЩͨ˼ҵһȲ졢忴Ȳֹߡӣÿһ߳ȥǶһţ涼ĳȻ
һо󣬹ŷȴ¶һ˿ԵЦ
ŷĵûɵ֮С
ŷĳ֣Ҳʱ˴ׯе˵ע⡣
˶תͷؿİףٸӦŷΪЩͲ⣬ȻԹŷΪôԸ߽ġ
ȻҲв֪ŷµߴԵزſŹŷ壬Ҳвٵһʱ¶׺͵Ц⡣
ڹŷĸӦս컹ԼķţԸɴഫ˸ȥʱ͸оսϢ͵һͬһӰʹĳľ˳
磬
ս˻ûֻȶСһۻ㴫˹
սĻ˶ԹŷݻȻ򣬸Ҳɳ֡
ŷЩսĻһЦ˵˵һ˵սңôȱϯأ
Զԣ˵ս簡Ŀɲʱ򣬾죬СģսŸոսԤƣһڻᷢʲôսˡ
ս˵ߣŷߺֱӸ˹ŷһܱȻϧصźǣϵȴҪҲս˵ʲôڻûϳʱ򡣰ơ
ŷ岻һЦĶսļЦİɣлġ´սϵϳҾͺ˵أϵӦǻͬġ
Ȼҵĺö簡УҾллˣ
Ȼŷŵ󣬶սϵĿϧ˷ܣ֪ŷԼеķģ֮£ŹŷļЦǼ޲ھһսƵá
ŷҡͷһŤ˶սֱۣȻ˿Цż죬ȻѾôࡣ´սʱΪѾܹǬĩˣʱ¼Ҳ˵ϵҲὫϳȥ
һ߶ԣʹЩż߶ԣǬĩڣϳʸ
ǲҪˣսСӵʣֻȹŷһ㣬ʣһǬĩڣʵԲǬ۷ǿߡ
ǣһ˶սǬ۷ǿߣܶڻ¡
ٺ٣ô죬Ϊࣿûж㣬ûҵĽ죬͵ҵĸҵĶ飬ϵɽ»𺣣Ҳ𡭡
ȴ룬ս֮󣬾ϲط˹ŷ壬ùŷǻһƤæ֣صͣͣͣս죬ʲôʱҲѧЩˣ
սһٺЦ׼أȴŷֱӳׯȥǲԸЩĻˡ
˺Ҫ˵ĻսæϹŷĽŲŴׯȥ
ŷͶսЩȲ졢忴ӺǣҲͣȻ󲿷϶׺͵ЦݣûȻԳݣΪŷ廹ʸԼЩӭӡ
ʵҲ룬ҪǹŷһˬǷƷߵȵҩǾֻӲˡû˹ŷôһġҩ⡯֧ԮܸɵĹ캣磿
Ҫ֪ŷаٷ֮嵽ٷ֮ʮİʮڣƳʮƷʦҩĻȫһѷս죬ȶս컹Ҫٶӭӹŷˡ
ʮƷʦȵǵڶʲôݶǹƨ
Ȼڵǣ֪
ԣûһ˶ŷ˵ĶûУҲֻŷͷʾһ
ŷԼȫȻνҩҲֻΪѣЩ˶ԼѺòѺãѹں
ǶսͲˣԭΪŷ嵽ٺֱЦӣֱһƬɨЩȻиǶЩԳݵ˱֡
أȵսʱûжҩ֧ԮǻôȥԳ֣
ʱǾͿ޵ˣ
ŭսҲɵֻȻ˵𹫷ߡ
磬ߣȥǶȥ
սһȻŹŷ壬ͳԼľȥ
ŷͷϡ


838 صҩ
ŷţ֮һСգǿ֮һҵһ̳ˣȻȫͨ˼סСľסϰߡ
ŷɫսͷٺһЦ磬ʵסﻹġ߽в϶Ҫ˹鷳ľݣѾǲˡ
ŷ΢΢ͷҲ˵ʵҲֻսĽȶѣ˳һʣǵ⡣
鱨Ժ󣬾ֱ˻߽磬Ҷûȥһˡ
߽Ǽ䱣ܵĴڣŷ嶼֪߽粻ãȻҲǺ֪ġ
ԣڻ߽ڣûκΡС̽ڣڻ߽٣ŷȻҲһ֪
뵽ŷҲֱʵս죬֪֪СĶ
ǣ𣿡
սһ㶣ð˷ܵĹâģĶأûأСˣø֣
ڶսĵǿǰһǶˣҲǣǵΪֻǬڵʱ򣬾͸ҺͿ˷ӡӲɣȻηˡ
ŷһЦĶսļ򣺡֪ĶĻҵõ鱨ֻʾ˻߽ѣڻ߽ҾͲ֪ˡ
Ҳǣ磬´Сӣ㲻Ҫ֣ô
ս͵˵Դ˷ܵ˵
ŷЦؿһսĶս죬ĵԼܣȻС֮ƣҪ˸ɣŷһ󣬾Цս죬ôһʵ
ǰǰΪǬ֮һûԹأɰұġ
սͷ
Ǻã߰ɣһԣ

սʱ˵ΪѾ͹ŷƽǲ֪ΪΣŷʶʼôνһαһòңﾹԹŷ̬ЩηŷĽ飬սⰺȻʱתΪ˳ü
ôСҲµʱ򣿡
ŷζؿŶս졣
£˭˭˵ˣߣ
ŷһսͺʵǣԼΪѾ͹ŷƽˣ䣬Ҳǰô˰ɣ
˵꣬սȲشľݾͳŴׯȥŷЦЦҲ֮ϡ
˵ȻһֱйעߵЩߵע⣬˶һսسŴܣһ㶣ͷӦ˹׷ٴͣеĶǱ߿ȥ
˵Ŀ⣬ҲǷڹŷϵģӡɡк档
ŷ۽⵭ɨЩһۣɲ뽫ԼʵʵޱչЩС
ղͶսԣһΪöսΪݵյΪ˴ٽսڵ֮Ա´ս֮ǰΪ˳˳ͻƵǬĩڡ
ׯ֮󣬹ŷʵһֱ𾪵ġ
ΪģΪŷӦסŵĺЩ켶ǿߣ濴볣죬ʵ϶ǳص˵ġҲùŷΪ˽⵽ԼȻЩ͹˵˵ǿ
ԣΪȷ´սжս첻ʲô⣬ŷҲôһ
£ڹŷĽ£˺ܳһξ룬ܵ켶ǿߵ򶼸Ӧ֮󣬲ͣ
Ҳǻ߽֮ƣôԶľ룬ĿĻһƬߣûκһ֣£һСݣǲκӰ
磬׼ˣսɣ
սʩų󴸣˷ܵغ
ŷ忴˿ȴҡҡͷЦܣ;޴ʩųɣҲ뵽һս
ȴսŷȴֿЦһ硭Ϊ˭̬Ҫʹַս¶ֲ˶ʮӾͻЪˣǻñ׷ƨɴ򰡣
ŷһЩεӣȷԼʵû뵽һȥЩˣûҩ֮ڵġ
뵽ŷֲһţʵҲͿʼҩ
ֻһ
Ҫ֪ŷ۷ǿҲвˣҲࡣ
ǣȴδ˵˭ķܹ߲ʱԴʯӦġ
ҩԣûм۷ǿߵܹﵽ⣬ȻùŷΪɻ
ѵҩʵһ˶ı
ǡʲôأ


839 
ŷҡҡͷҷ顣
Ȼ̧ͷɳüĶս죬Цû£ʩչȫɡ룬Ҫ̫ʱͻġ
ŷĻսһźܲǺĴʱǵͨ졣
ŷ廰˼˵Լʩչȫֲ˶ãͻᱻŷ
۸˵ģ
սŭţ˿ɣһ뵽һ״̬;޴Ҳ˲С
󣬶սһһֱ˽ȥ
Ȼʩչȫ׼ȫԸˡ
ŷȻ޾壬֪һʹã׼ͽֽսˡ
ãҲԽս֣Ѿкܳһʱûˡ

ʮֺ󣬶սѾ۵Ƶôֹͷ˳ؿһ΢Цǰ״Ĺŷ壬̧־޴ָŹŷ壬˵һ仰
Ȼֻԭڶս˫е;޸ͻȻͻɢȻʱĶս죬Ѿûȥά۾޸ҪӴ
磬ҡҲˣ桭Ǹ
Ƭ֮󣬶ս˳˸оըķβЩĽͰ˵˵
ŷͷѾԤϵˣҲû˵ʲôֻǰڰ֣Ϣһɡ

սĿˣղŷţڶŪСƵڶŪԼ
ʼʱԼǿȴҲܿ㱻ֵָסԼĹ
ǣʱƣԼôĹŷ嶼׾ٵǵȻ̬Ǵݲȵֱжսöˣ
ǣӿڣŷżʩųֵԼĹ⣬һֱͽܡ
ңʱһԼĴԴ˳һģȻԼûӦ֮ʣٴ
ִ򷨣Ƕսһ
¾ޱǿĶֵʱ򣬶ûֹȱСƵöŪ֣
ţɣ
ŷ·ûпս۵ֵġˮͱƵãϴ΢΢Цݣ˵
Ūҵˣ
սԣǽһᣬŭ𣬷йе
ŷζһЦҲıߵĶս죬ԹԵڿУʼոսе

һ죬ս춼ֱߺʹ൱жȹ
ջҲĴ˵ÿ춼ŰȥģǾʱ䣬ѾɹͻƵǬĩڡ
⻹㣬۵һĶսʹҲȫµʶ
ţ¾Ǭ۷ǿߣаƽ
ԣʹŰ죬ڵһ磬컹ûȫʱѾܵľŷϢķ佫ŷ׼ùŷȥս
ŷΣȻ˼ԼҪŰŷȻҲܾ顣
ŷѾԼ֮ǰһսˣΪʱ䣬ŷѾ㽫Σԣ׼úŰŰս죬˳Լ
ɣŷȻ״۳޸֮󣬶սһ̣תӵ뷨
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ԣ֪ûƭǣҲǱŰŰɵ̬ȡȻĻֻɳϣ
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ҲֻѣʵЩˣ轣磬һֱĴмġ
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źˣٶôױ캣ɵ
ǾҲ޿ʵˣ轣ˣˣǿͿΪϱġ


841 轣˵
ĽְôǸо̫أ
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ΪЦǣĽڹŷʱȻ˵ŷģ侹Ȼֻʮѡ
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֮Ҳ߲֮ɫģ֮ʱֻ֪˿̾Ȼʼ֪׼ǿһ
ȫҪԹŷɱְ
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뵽˴ŷʱһߣҲ룬Ҳʼ
һΣ֮˿˫۶ȥ
˲䣬֮Уһޱȿ񱩵֡


845 ¶һô
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˵˸ûоκһ㣬Ǵе꣬ԭɵĹȴ˲仯ɢڿУĹҲ֮ȥ
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һ첻˵ȴæڴԲ
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ǣһ۹ŷ󣬱Цˣɲȷһ¹ŷ嵽ûпʮͻƵʮƷʦȻˣҪھͿʼ
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Ҳû˵ֻǵ˵ͷȻǸҪ˵ĿУߵ˴롣


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һʶؽӹȻʶһӦʱһ˫۵оⱬе̰̾ţ˲䲼˫ۡ
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ңҩЧֱӺͼ˰ٷ֮ʮҩ
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룬ʮ䣬ȻһƷеȴʦˣٹʮ꣬˭ܿ϶޷ﵽʮƷʦ
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˵ɣֻҪҪ轣صȫԸ
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848 Ҫ
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ŷλ굽ΪôԼ
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ȫ񿴰׳һֿ˿͵سһ죬˵ⲻҪɡԴȫŴİ
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ȴ룬վΪһŷ壬Լӣľң˵Щ˼Ļ
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һǳġŷսʤǲôġ
뷨ȫĵ׵ǣ轣˻޲ɫһ䡣
һ죬ɻĥҪŷأҪԼӾˣǲķȥǰٺһİ
ԣҲǴ˹ڰŭԼӵ֮ʱҲ޲ֹŷ̫çײ
ôģ
ٿҲȻûϵŷȻŪôһ
˵ѹͲŹŷʤǡҪĶĻÿɫҲǹŷʤԼֻվűŷɱģ
вУҲ̫Ұˣ
Ǹ䶷ǺԼ⣬սнŷɱˣô󣬾˿ԶȥԼǿҫƺˣ
ǣæҡͷؾܾУĶľʽ̫Ұˣ䶷ɣɣ
ȴ֪˻һʱ˷׷ײмطһЦ轣ˣһɫͨ죬޲Ҹӵȥ
ʲô޳ܣ
ʲôвҪ
ܺõڹ˳
˵Ķ̫Ұ˵ú䶷ôƵã㲻ĶÿÿŷʤӶɱ
˶ĴģҪģȴδôҪģ
壬˿ɫЩ˿ֿ˿֮ɫȵһ죬޲ýүһ
轣棬Ҫү˸ˣ


849 үǣ
̴õǺãҿֻһǬߣأһ켶ҪҾҲͬˣȴֱҪ䶷
ŷؿ͵мصɣҲ˵ˣɫӾ
ĵҵĴǾ䶷ҵĵǾĶô¿ɹƽˣ
˵꣬ŷһЦؿ˵ȴĻش
ʵ˵˵ʵϣŷ岢ûںĶ䶷
ΪڸղǶݵĽУŷѾĴʵ
˵ʵҪսĻŷ廹治
٣ŷܹаձס
ﻹû˵Щ缶ǿߵȼˡ
ʹˣѹŹŷܹڱ켶ʵ±һŷʲô⡭
ǾƷߵԼʮƷҩô죿
УŷҪǳʲô⣬ȥĶŪŷ嵽ǬΪӵֱȻ缶ǿ߻Ҫ߼Ļ֮ģ
ԣŷ廰䣬үүһ죬ʹ񶨵Уǲܾ˫ѣʲôú˵ǣαʲô
˵ţһ˫۾Ϳŭӱ죡ʱڣΪεأʱΪԭѹϵѣһһ캣̤ƽΣ㵣𣿣
һһ켸ǺģɼʱȷǱˡ
Ǿ仰˵ǱˣԸ˵š
ѹϵأйʲôѹˣ
У磿
£ֻҪŷ£Ŀİɣ
ȻүүҪĻ򣬵ȷдеġ
۰Լүүŭжʱֳһ˿ɡ
ʵŷʲôɫӵĽ飬ĺܲܣһһùŷӮԼѡʲôĶĻһŷֱԼõ㣬Լֻеķˣ
Ͼô೬ǿߵƤӵ£Լ޷ñǿΪףȫֻҪǹŷԼãǿǺã
ԣŷĽ֮ʹùģֻǵô˵棬ʵ治ͬ⡣
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ѣﻢµʱԼүүʱˣ¿ɸý¿ʲôҰ˲ŻеĶ䶷
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ҿҪĻҲֻͨľͺˣϾһ
ۡ
ۡ
ۡ

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ȴЩǣķԱ޳ܵ˹ĻһûסȫеĲˮ˳
κߵЩŮǣҪĴ˼ɵĻһЦ
ȻЦȫֱֱģһӱͨͨ죬ɼǱʵЩࡣ
ҵţ
ô
Ǳ켶ǿô
ʲôǿأԭǿôûֵˣ
Լģ˼Ҫˣȴʼûʼʹùģ
˼ҿɲŽֻһǬ߰
һ켶˼ҶټмǬĩڣǬ۷壬ǬСԲǬԲ
˼ô༶ȴֱӱŵöҶˣ
ث֣
Ůе뷨صٺãУⲻ˳˱֮ɫ
ŷһˣȫεĳݡȡĽ
⣬үǣ
ʲôƨһأ

ȿȡǸ˵úðڵȷǹؼʱڣʲôһһҪΪ¶˫ĺ
ð֮󣬺Ÿɿһεرôһ仰
һȴͨͨģ͸ƻŮ붴Ƶġ
ŷҡͷһЦȻ˶˵ˣҲûٶ˵ʲô
ȷڣǽѵһʱ
ڶս죬ڿＸģŷ弰ʱˡ
Ȼ˫ĵ
˺ˣһﶼɣѾźãȥȿھƣ˳̸̸ڽ˫ķչ·߰ɣ
ⳡ־ͣϢĽҲڴԲ˵ţתͷŷ壬ЦʵС壬ͻƵʮƷʦҪĶʲôҪ󣬿ɶˣ
ó轣ڣһ˵ɣ׼
ûûС壬˵˵ҪʲôɣھֻҪ轣еģһŪ
Ҳ̬
ŷ΢΢ͷƬ̺󣬱ҲûʲôرҪҪһ԰ҩΧǧﷶΧڲκδš
ƷҪҲǳ򵥣ҪĵƷϵĽƷߵϵҩģšҩԼܹռģʷоƷߵȴʦҩʦҩĵã
룬ͷȻЦҪôˣЩԽԽãЩаٷ֮ʮİʮƳʮƷʦҩ
ŷ˵ü򵥣ʵϣȫʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ƷϵĽоƷߵϵҩоƷߵȴʦҩĵãԽԽã
ŷȴ˿о˼Ƕ֤ȫԼŪʱ򲻿ڿһ㣬ԺûôõĻˡ
ЩеƷϵĽ󣬻ָҩٶȣҲӿ죬Ҳǹŷõġ
Ȼùŷû뵽ǣԼⴿʨӴ󿪿ڵЩ˶ֻ΢΢üͷȻʵС壬Щҩġҩĵʲôģʹ㲻˵ҲһŪ
ǽⲻ᲻ðֻɻҪЩʲô
ŷ΢΢һЦشոóǸҩشҲˣЩȻΪ˻ָҩļġ
ҩļԽߣͻʮƷʦٶȻҲԽˡ
ȫȻ͵ͷЦУֻҪܹʮͻƵʮƷʦЩȫŪ
ŷжʱһϲȴǲɫصͷţİɣЩаٷ֮ʮİգ
ǸãȻˣǷҲȲˣִϲ£ҿɵõһʱȥ߽ȥţ֪ϲ֮Ҳһǳ˺ΪＯЩģ
ŷ϶Ļش󣬺Ͼ˷
Ϊܹӹŷ廰ӹŷпŷ˵ãȷûмٻ
Ҳ˵ŷ壬ĵȷȷǸģʮڣаٷ֮ʮİͻƵʮƷʦҩʦ
ŷĳ֣Ҳؽʹ磬һξ޴ĸ


850 ҩʦ˵䣡
˵߾ߣ˵һ仰ˣ轣ˣȫ˳ȥĽ˵׷һűȥ
ǱߣΪķҲǽսķ
Ȼ⴫͹Ļ޷֮Ĵ͡
ʹܹҲ֮Ӵ͹Ļġ
轣ߵúܿ죬תۼ䣬ʧС
˼Ҫȥϲͨ轣ǿ֪һ£Ҫģûȥˡ
һүˣʵǽ轣ˣ
轣ߺ㿴ңҿ㣬Ȼͬһʱ䣬ԼͬؽĿתŷ壬У޲¶˷ܺͼ֮ɫ
С尡벻ӣĶ䶷Ҳ֪Сôģ
ΪǴһݺݳһڶˣߺߣһϼһǸ߸ϵһʹ죡ˬˬ
˵ģǶͷʨ
ݺݵ¹ŷļг˿شЦ
ǰС壬ǲ֪һ䲻ΪҲǶôǿȴǺүүһһͿˡ
ǣҲ۰ģǰ̬ŪúţƵá쿴ȥʱͬ˹ʺһݣҾգհա
ʱ˵ģǶ죬˵ǻȻҲ޲˵֮ǰʵܹү˵İ
ĻȻЩףȴҲڳĵ׵뷨׷׹Цһֱһĺա¡ֵܣǶһ˿ȣȴܿȥ
պºֵܣĿɨһ۹ŷ壬ŷʼնǵȻģҲǸζ
һۣ۵׽Щڡ
֪ͽܾ˾춯صĲܣǸΪ˵ôС£Ͱɵأ
ҲֻѣϾӲĻҲܻйŷĳ֡
ԣҪǣ󣬸Ҫ޸ŷ֮Ĺϵ
ŷչ¶һУ֪轣ֵܲܵס캣ܹȫҪŷܲͻƵʮƷʦ
ʮƷʦҩǣҲȵз缶ǿߣһǺü
ǲ֪ܲ
вͬʱ̾˿ŷһȱԴʯȱʣȱĲȱŮˡ
ȱȱҩҩǾ͸ˣ뵽˴˶ɸеһ
ֻڽܲһỺ˫Ĺϵˡ
٣Ҳ˺ҹС
Ȼƺ뵽ʲôæææʩųһ֣Ȼæʵܣ˵ǰʱ䣬ŷҩʦֵЩ죿ƺҩʦ˻ǺҹȥԸŷĻҰֻأ
£Щ켶ǿ߶֪ɺºȴǻ缶ǿߣǿһȺˣС£ѹȥᣬֻ˵ѣԲдһʡ
Ҳ·뵽ʲôƵãһ˫˫æתǣȴĻش
ǵû̫࣬ͷֱӻشûŷǷûܵκʧռ˼ıˡҪ˵ŷҲΪǵģϾǲǶԸҰֻص
Ȼû뵽ʲôºͺյЩȴ˫˫һ·𿴵ŷ޸ϵĻᡣ
ܣҩʦˣǸʲô
нסЩϲ⣬ȴޱʵ
ûʲôֻǱҰֻҩƵֻϱ˶ѣҪ˶ãҩʦ˽ڻҰֻҩѹ²ڣ
һش
ܺãֻҪھС
պٺһЦȻԥܣһ񣡼סһҪúɣΪ޸ŷ֮ϵĹؼ
ջ˵ˣǻ֪λ˼ɵˡ
۾ҲֹסһȻæȵ磬ǵ˼Ҫȥҩʦ˵ЩԱ
Щ˵̸ϣֻҪûҩʦ֯ˣ
½ӿЦ
˫۶ʱһ˿֮ɫȴЩ˷ܵͷӦ磬Ƿģ£һٶɣ
ǰҩʦˣҹ磬Ҳ붯ܶġ
ȻΪҰֻҩĳ֣ҩʦѲչԺ͵λοֲɱˣֻǳҩʦ֯ʧˡ
ԣ£ںҹ˵Ǻѹԣ
ɣھȥɣٶȽ£
΢Цŵͷôϵ΢Цһĸо档
ǣĺǼҴҵؾͳŴ͹Ļ˹ȥʹڳ˶ЩȻ׺ôҴҵǸȥģ˻Ϊʲôء
պºֵܵԵôãպ¶˵ҲˣӵŹŷԱߵȥ
ҩʦ硢ҩʦ磬ڻҰֻҩĿ£ǹӲдľ档
˵ҰֻҩҩܻԶԶ޷ϳ۵ģºܶߺֻܸżǼʹˣȴҲûжԸȥ۸һٽҩʦ˹ҩˡ
Ұֻҩҩҩʦҩٱˣ˭ỨԩǮȥ
ԣҩʦˣֻǰĻϵ֧ţҪ˶ãҩʦҲͽˡ
Ȼҩʦû뵽ǣ֮£ǰҹ磬Ȼ׵ǳ֡
Ȼ֣ȻǶǺҹӽ˭ٵҹҩʦ˵ҩߣȫҹĴУ
һͬѹյһݣͱưܵҩʦˣױ
ʱ䣬ҩʦˣҩʦˣųɾŵҩʦѡ˳תȥҰֻҩ
ԭЩ˳ҩʦҲֻǱһԵ̬ȣûҰֻҩǡ
ȴ룬ֻǾһϵޱϸ̲֮󣬾Ȼǣ˵һ룬϶޷õҩַģֻҪʱƣ֤Լ֮ҩǻǳܹѧģ
ԣҲ͵¸ҩʦ׷˳ҩʦˣת뵽˻Ұֻҩ档
һʱ䣬šƷҩʦȫڻҰֻҩۡ
ʢȴҩʦˣûġ
Ի硢ҩʦˣҲ֮ڣưܣΪĹȥ


851 ʥߣ
ҹĶܴ󣬶һùŷ֪Թŷ嵱յϢ
Դˣŷ岢ûκαʾֻڵһʱŮҲϴǸŷȥҶսǸŮǰȥҰֻأ߹壬ֻҪͨôҩʦ˳ҩʦȫ£
Ȼ˳㽫ҹӥ˹鱨Ұֻʲô鷢ڵһʱԼ
˵ҰֻޱǿˣҲʱû˺ҹ޴ŷɲôĵشߡֻʱ˽Ұֻصŷܹսɳ
硢ҩʦ˳ưܵ죬ŷʱ´еغ衣
´ȴûмˣֻĽͶڡ
ʱҲŹŷȵ裬һں󣬶ΪͣȻû뵽ôõĲҶȻǳһССƫ硣
ңǶ
Ȼ˲Ʒģ˼ںĽЦŽ⡣
С尡Щ˽⣬״ҲЩ˽˰ɣ
Ľ΢ЦſŹŷ˵
ŷ΢΢ͷ²豭󣬱Ц״ưܳǽʱȫ浹
Ľ̾һǰûȻ㲢ûȥ߽ıԵشʵֹ̫˰ʱٱ캣ƵΣ
ŷЦЦĽ죬ЦĽǰ֪˼İɣĴֹһеģֻҪƳ˾ƷߵȣʮƷʦҩҲ᲻ҹ˷õġ
˵ŷֶ˶٣ɱһЦ٣ʵǿ֮ǰһԺҹһͬʡ
仰Ҳ͵˵ʵǿ֮󣬾Ǻҹĩˣ
ĽԣͲɿЦҡҡͷ˵ʲôŷǵɫ֪Լô˵¶޷ıŷˡ
Ǻǣ֪ˣϣŹͬĵˣҹΪȻ˲ݣʱȴûǰ
Ľջ̲ס˵ôһ䡣
ǻȹŷ̬һԵĶȴһ֣ʲôƨûǺҹ磬ͻꣿҿðɣ
ֻҪСܹڴս֮ǰƳʮƷʦҩǻ캣ë
ӻǳģ̸֪ġ
ЩӴԼϵ磬ԽԽֱͣӾͽŷͶսһԼһ㿴Ȼˣǿ϶ǹŷ˭ˬҲͶ˭ˬ
ο죬һ˭ǷһƵúֵͲˬˣ˵˼ɡ
ҲҺĽ֪ǸʲôԸԣ¿ЦãҲֻǿ˹ŷ塣
ŷ֪ĽڵȴԼ̬˵ԼҲһˣȻĽĳǿȰ¶һ˿һĲԼԼֱֲˡ
Ȼŷ岻£Ľ첻֪ŷԸ񰡣
ԣʱĽ죬ΣŹŷ̬أ
ȻĽ춼˵ˣŷҲ᲻ʶȤʲôˡ
ң֪ʦʦﻹܸĿ֮󣬹ŷںҹЩĺ⣬ȴҲٶЩ
ԣҲû룬ЦŵͷĽǰҶ֪ģֻҪҹңҩҲǵһݵġ
õŷ϶ĻشĽص˵ͷοؿŹŷЦС壬ĴֹɱȸСǿ
Ľ⻰һͲɲغһȴҲ˵
ȻҲʲôôҪһ˭Ļԥ˵Ľ죡
ʵ֪Ľǣﶼ޲
һȴΪĽһλʥߣһеһУ޲վĽǶȳġ
ֻҪǶģǽĽΪʧһ˿һԹԴڣ
һУֻܹԹŷôһȻܹȰǴζ棬ޱؿһ㡣
ʵ˵ĴڲڣĽжĸϵ
ĽʵֻҪ˵轣磬캣磬أûĸܾ
ˣһʥߣ
ԴˣŷһԣĽ죬ҲǷľ⡣
ǺǣС尡һ£㡣
Ľ豭ؿŹŷ壬΢Цص


852 ֮
ĽʻȤæŷ忴ȥһ˫ͭУҲǺ֮ɫ
ŷɻʵĽǰʲôֱʱˣС˵ģһ˵
ǺǣС尡֪֮
ĽЦʵ
ŷ΢΢ͷǰ֪ô죬ôǿ֮Ȼ֪ˡ
֪Ϊ֮
ŷҡҡͷֻ֪켶ǿߵı֮缶ǿߵĻ֮һ˵ѣ˵ҪΪ֮Ϊ֮治֪
ŷ̬Ľ֪ŷ֮Ҳ֪
ǣҲ͸ɴֱΪŷ彲ŷΪٶȣҪ˶þܹǬСԲϵΪˣ˵˵ŲСİ
ҾȺ˵˵켶ǿߵı֮ɣ
Ľһ˼Ϊŷ彲֮ʵҲǬֻ֮Ǭ֮ѣ˵Ũ档
ҲǬߵ߲Ǭ֮һҺģŨı֮ǸΪŨ̬ģ
֮һҺ̬߲Ǭ֮תΪΪŨ߲ʱ֮֮ΪҲ͵ǬСԲ
֮Һ̬߲Ǭ֮תΪ߲ʱ֮֮ΪҲ͵ǬԲ
Һ̬߲Ǭ֮תΪΪ˱֮֮Ҳ͵ӵ˱켶ҪͻƵ켶ΪҪĳҪ˵ˡ
˵Ľ΢ضһ٣Ȼǵ׺Ϊ֮أ졯ζأ
ȴΪΨӵ˳֮ı֮ҲΪﵽǬԲ֮󣬲˺߽ԵĽ֣Ҳȥսѹѹĩ
ǬԲ֮Ҳܹ˺缰µĽ֣Ҳǡ졯ֵ
ĽһͼˣΪŷ˵ʲôǱ֮ҲΪŷҪŬĿָ꣬һȷ
ŷҲ£Щ֪ʶæʵĽǰǺΪ֮أ
ĽЦЦҲ˵ֻǳؿ˹ŷһۺ󣬱Լ֣һʱĽڵ㳯ƻ۶
ŷһӦĽе󣬶ʱŴͣĿɿڴ˲źͺȻ֮ɫؿţһƬ硣
ȴ룬֮Ȼǻ֮֮
ǹŷ֮ǰû뵽ġ
ȻŷܹظоĽչ¶ɻ֮֮ƺԶԶԼյľĽ쾹ȻܹӵѾùŷΪ𾪺ͺȻˡ
ȻŷҲ˽⵽ĽͶԼʲôˡ
С壬ô첻Ϥ
ĽͶ쿴ŹŷĿɿڴӣ׷ײһЦȻζʵ
ŷȻѣλǰϵı飬ͿЦһȻλǰ֪ˣǻ첻Ϥ
ȻҪʵģǸ֪һǬߣӵģ
ңӵеյľһһ֣
ؾֵŷ岻ˣ֣ĽǰҲ𣿡
ƺ֪ŷҪ仰ģͿЦҲ˵ֻǱǳΣҲǳƵԼƵĴֲڴ֡
Ȼƺȹŷյĵ˺üĻ֮ͳ˶С
Ӧɻ֮ŷԿ϶֮ļҲֻ൱ԼҰֻظ߲Щ˵Ļ֮ļ
ƺĽڵĻ֮Ҫһ
ʵŷ˵˺Щˣȴһ˵ﵽԼյľȵġ
ԴˣŷҲרоһֱҪ죬Ҳû̫ں
ֻҪ֪ܹ֮֮ԼҪ˾ˡ
Ȼ죬ŷ֪һֱ飬õ𰸣ȴŷʱһߣиΪҪ֪
ǰôĻֻ֮һ֣Ľǰȴ֣
ŷæʳеɻ
һЦ缶ǿҲǿֵ֮ģҲ漰֮ǰǸˡ
ֻ֮һͳƣʵϣֻҲģĻ֮
أյ֮һ֣ҲǸϢ򱻳֮Ϊ֮Ҳǻ֮ˣ
ǶΪŷ͵ģһͣҲΪŷһȴδĴš


853 ͻƱǿ
ԭ֮֮ƣȴǽ֮֮Ҳǻ֮
񲻾˵ԼһССǬߣӵ˱켶ߣ춼޷ӵеġ֮
ŷ𵴣֮ǰǲֻ֪֪֮֮ţ죬ȴ룬ȻȴټܹӵеĻ֮
ùŷΪǣƺԼӵеܹˣ
˵ԼܹƵ˶ӵл缶ǿ߲ӵеĻ֮
Թŷľ˿̶Ǽ඼Ҫĳˡ
Ϣʵ̫̫ðɣŷҲ֪ʲôˡ
ŷ뵽ȻԼܹˣôˣͱЩ缶ǿߣǲҲܹأ
ŷͷ뷨ҪĻΪλҰֻЩӵл֮ĸ߲ǣȴû˭ܹأ
ҪĻΪζĽˣԼӵе𾪿ɲ˼أ
ҪˣӦֻԼܹ
˵ֻԼյ־ȵܹ
һ룬ŷ˷һʱ䣬˵űˣ
ǺǣС尡˽Ϊλ˰ɣֱڶ벻ףһǬΪߣΪλӵģ
ǾȣҵĶң
Ľŷ¶˷֮ɫһЦȻҡҡͷͲ˼ɫ
ŷٺһЦ˵֮ŶӦ֮ôģǻ֮Ҳ֮ȴǲ˵
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Ҳ˵һСͻƳΪ缶֮󣬱㽫ΪʵԶҵԲ缶ǿߣ
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ȻĽȴֻҡҡͷ̾˿С壬ţǺõġȴòһˮ
ǬԲ֮ÿһͻƣҪһζ򣡶ֶ޲ҪǿԣԼĳһ
ԡ˵ͻƵ缶ˣͻƵ켶Ǻǣǧѵ鰡
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ԣ缶ǿ߾ȻһһǬߣȻǾֵġ
Źŷ壬˼ţѵĸδӰˣ
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ŷϵĺ˷ܣĽ֪˹ŷ뷨
ŷȥĻôͲɺ¹ȥˣȻԲ缶ҲùȥȻֻɶǰȥһǸ缶ˡ
ŷҲû͵ͷȻðȥأҩҲᵢ󵽣
ŷĽһǶ衣
Ǻã죬Ǿ鷳һˣȥһԲĵ˭
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ǺǣСİȫͽˣ
Ľ΢΢һЦȷδսĶѡ
ڼ׼ǰȥǰߵʱ򣬹ŷ룬ȴæȵȣȥսҲйҲȥˡ
սĽ˵ͷ󣬱Ҳٶ˵һתͳŴׯ˹ȥ


855 Ψбǿ
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졢衢塢Ĺ壬òС
ŷĵȻЩ˵ע⣬Σ˶һףȫ΢ֺõЦվ׼ӭӹŷ壬ŷһʱ̬ȣǲԶ
ŷ֪Լչ¶һУЩ֪ԼĵȷȷͻƵʮƷʦǱˡΪ츳ͳɾͣҲ˿ҩĲЩ˲Żת֮졣
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ֻǼݵŻ򿪣ĿģһĨĺɫŷһɫϤЩŮɫ
ƺҪӡ֤ŷĲ²һ㣬һĸģŮݵ߳ߵٶȺһҲȫȻûһ˿Ѫɫ԰׵ͬһŰֽһ˫۾Ҳն񣬴ʱͷ·ʧȥ˻ǡ
ŮŷҲһ˿ӡ󣬺Ůֻǲ֪ʲôҿͷʧ˻Ƶã
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֪ʱսѾߵ˹ŷԣ˵ģŷȻɫҲ˳Ŀ⿴ȥҲüŮݵ߳Ƕսŷ͵
ںºЩ缶ǿҲסŷ岢ûие档
Ϊ߽Ҳôһסĵط˵ˣĽʱ򶼻Ϣһʱ䡣
ԣսĻ󣬹ŷüͷšøˣʬһ㣬նŴׯȥŮŷȻЩ£ҲԼΪλͻȻָоֻоԼڣɱˡ
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ԼһҪǲԼ²ǰ㡣һȷϣҹ磬ٱԼһҩ֧֣
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ŷĬĬһѾߵڣӰޱɪŮһֿۣ˿ΧЩˡϢǬ켶ߣȻҲŮӣĿֻһɨеĮŷĺ
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սæϣ򱱷УҲһ˿Īζ档

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856 ǰս
һΣùŷ峹˽⵽߽絽׻ߵ˺̶ֳȡ
ǵķٶȣȻһСʱĿģһƬߡ
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СҪɶòܵ
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˹ŷͺ֮⣬κͬˣս춼ǲẰ硯ġ󳬼֮һҼ̳˵ĽҲ
֮ǰǬ۷ߣսƺΪСضĴ治
·ϣѾ֪ǰӵʵˡ
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֮ǰԼڽ֮ʱĳҪ׳۵֪Ķȥȥսĳ¶Լʱ׳۶嫣
ԣ֮󣬹ŷܿ㵭ȻЦŶһؿԼС߰ɡ
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ȻԲΪͬϸһܹ֣ǺӵǲСġ
ŷֿϷϷξ͸ԶˣǺ޷󣬹ŷҲֻԼԼƼһǺӹ켣ӰӶѣԶԶԲº轣
Ҳ֪սйۿĻ潫׳۵̶ֳȣ
Ƕмǰ嫳Ĺŷ壬˿ҲЩڴ
Ͼ뵽ֳУԶȶʱ˵Ǹ򵽵ģøΪġ
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ڣԼĿ꣬ȽΪǬԲ
켶ŷ岻˵Ϊ֪ЩƬľûôǬԲȴûʲôѹˡ
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ȥǽԵѾûڣЩˣֱվڽ֮ϡ
ڽ·ȻһƬҲʯȺԼǳ
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ʱүվһ飬Ʋһ޽Ƿɫһ֮⣬ߡģ¾ǿ˫ۣһģ̳Ƶá
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ŷ廹ΪѾдսˣУȴһӰûƼԺЩ⡣
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ڿռߣҲӦǬԲµˣֲöͬԼͶսսأ
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²ûĻԲӦǲפٵģԣսĻԼҪСĵ㣬Ϊһս¾ûжȥӦˡ
ͷҲ̫ģǵΪҲֻǬСԲǶѣߣⷽǣţǬСԲӦӦöûʲôİɣ
ǣ˵СԲˣǴԲˣҲ޻أ
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ȴս컰Ÿո£ӭһɽӰţĺҲڴлص𣺡ӼסսҸɵʮǬ۷壬ſһǬСԲ
ڴԲëΪȫǸͲȥġʱԲ͸ܿ㣬ԻȥԸӳܣû
Ǻ컰ĹУȴ˭ó
սҲڨڨһЦٴشˡ


858 ˫
ʱúܿ죬ĸСʱڶ츸Ӷ˵Ĳ϶жȹ
ʵҲر࣬ҪǽһЩֵطսĸעŷͶսҲҴ⣬һһЩμ
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ŷ֪ЩײʲôȻЩǬԲϵǿߣԼƿײ֮
뵽ŷҲסˣæͳȥ֮Ȼİٴ˸ѷ죬ȻİٶӰʩųԵ֣׷״Щѷ쵱г
ЩӰѷ֮ʱŷסǵ֣ۿɼƲŤš
Щ켶ǿߵҪ࣬ǵֻֽ΢һѣЩǬԲʩų֣Ťòˣ·ʱһ㡣
ٿΧȴǲûпκŷȴ֪ѹضǴڵġȻЩ˵ּ̺ԣôܻŤΣգ
Ťûгãǳֵһ˲䣬־ҵŤҲ֮ˡ
ǣȴûлָ̬⣬ӦҲνѹˡ
Щͻƽֶգҵսкżѹ£Ǿսеѹܲס
ŷսĿɿڴ飬ʱһЦȻЩŬŬ죬
ŷ˵˵ͷûж˵ʲôսȷڵȥģ
ˣ϶ԲͻƽʱӦЩ˾ˡҾȥսһ
˵һ󣬱һ˲嵽˽ԣһŭ𣬹Ȼ֮ϣһ˸ѷ죬档
漴ʩųһ߲֣Ȼһһ΢Ť֮󣬱Ҳ˳ս֮ϣֳ˰ȻսؿԽԽԲˡ
ȻΪ֮ƣߣһϽ;裬ȴһ˷ܣǰȻս⣬ͷ·ҪȼնƵãƽʱսս֮ʱһģһ
ڶߺ󣬶ҲٴζСһ㣬Ҳȥս֮ϡ
ͻƽֵķʽȴŷ˿ĿɿڴȻֶûʩųֻһ֣һ˸ѷ֣ȻޱȵһſУѹͲһ˿ԥģ
ŷ˿ˣӸղЩߵͻʱ˺Ѻ浱еѹɿ˲˺һǬСԲǿߵ
ȴ룬ӽ뵽ѷ죬һֱսУȴϵƤûгְȥĺۼɴ˿󣬻缶ǿߵǿ̶ȣ׵ʲôز
ŷɣվƾԼԼƤƲһɣ
ùŷ𾪵ͬʱҲɺܾɥ
֮ǰǸŮ飬ҪԼʲôŭ˺µĻʵԼڿ¶Ѿһ˰ɣ
һŷ۵׵ľɥ˲ɢһգǿ²˫ۡ
ǻ缶Լ϶ôһģ
ңһ죬ƲңԶ
ͨһ󣬹ŷǾΥĻٴȼն𣬿һԵͬսⰻȻĶսһۣս죬ԼСһ㣬һûжĹӦˡ
İɶ磡˵ʵ㣬ǽǶ԰
ߺߣҶսô˵Ҳ硭֮һԣͲõˣһעģ򲻹һ
սһЦڰ֣̬ص
ŷȻһЦԼȷЩڵˣվԼĽǶ⣬ȴҲˣսСӣóȥţĳ
ʲôԽսǲڻ£
뵽ŷҲЦŵͷٶ˵˫ۣǿԲ˷ϵЦݣҲ𣬻ޱս⡣
ĸСʱķк󣬴ʱԲˣѾɼ
Ȼģǿ϶ģ٣ٺԹȥΪսеĳʯˡ
ԲˣҲǺֻܶ࣬˶ѡ
ǹŷȴΪˣǵķռضвǬԲµߴڣӦǲڳǬ۷СԲٵġ
ʱЩˣҲȫѲߵһȫԴû˵ûеģֻʱ׼ʹս֮ǰɱ֮
ŷȻ룬ҪûҰֻֻҰˣȫѵһҲ֪һ龰
£ֻҰЩ˵սֻҪΪǾǿԶǰЩԲѹ̬ġ
ȻЩҲֻһѣȻ뷨ܷ֣ʵȴ̫ݡ
٣ԼڣŪôֻҰԱƬ
ûһжǿ̸
ȻΧȫԴٴеģǶս춼˽е˫ŷȴǸȻģɶĶûʩų
ĥ¶˲֪ٻˣսʵ޷ùŷ
Ҳֻ˷ܶѣţԶԶ̸ϡ
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ԤƵʱֻжʮӵʱ򣬹ŷڿԲЩ˵ģ
ģûʲô꣬ϣڽ֮ڣǸӦǵκϢģֻģƺⳡСģս߱Сġ
ǰߵһˣһʮߣȫȻûһ˿ɷǵζ
ȴ˸ڻɴ˵Ϊֻûʩֻ֣˺󣬶һ¶֮ɫôߵʵƷǳֲ
ʱ򣬶ҲǽԼ˳ùŷЦǣǶ죬Ƕ죬оȻҲ޴ң͵ģ
Ҳ˵үˣȻͬһ͵似ȫԼģȻҲܻ
׼ãעܱߵķ˳룬ʵ൱ģǰ赲
һڽ𣬹ŷȥȻһ켶ߡ
ؽڵģֻ켶ߣȻǷԲڵı켶ǿߵģҲǽսͷˡ
ৡ
˻һ䣬ʱ߶ȫʼ似˫ҲޱȾضŽ֣Էͻƽɱ
ŷ壬Ҳڽһ״̬˫Ҳ֮С
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859 һɱڶɱȫ
ŷΪԾ϶Ҫһο׵ġ
ùŷû뵽ǣ˫ûӽŸոս뵽˫ĹΧ֮ڣͬһʱ䣬Լͬʩų˸۳ĹŶԷ˹ȥ
תۼ䣬һƬͱֹâ֣ԭȴŵˣڶһŭ֮£ӭȥ
ŷ֪˫Ѿ޷ˡ
ﶼȥ˵ɱ
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ȥûģٳȥڴׯ˵ģڼսı켶ǿߣҲôʮ˶ѡ
ģȫǬԲǿߡ
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ȻŷûϳһĻùŷѪڡ
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ʵڹأ˵ԱȻʼȫָ
ŷһҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ǬԲϵǿ߶ԣԼƵҩȷǼΪҪġһӵԼƵҩ֮󣬾˵ԲʱˣҲ˵ȫߣ٣ܹŻȥģԲһ룡
ңԶˣ
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ŷһ£˵ɱǬԲĲǺܴ󣬵ҲԱ֤Լܡ
ŷҲɷͽĿ˱켶ǿ֮Ķս档
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һĻŷ²һЦ£Լڱ켶ǿȫ֮£ܲܳŹж˵
漴ŷҡҡͷûټۿȥתֽĿת˶Բ缶ǿ֮Ķս档
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ֻܿŷˣ˵켶ǿ֮Ķսܹеóܶ۵Ļô缶ǿ֮Ķսŷȴǽֻܲ׽תŲӰ
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ǣϸ۲һ֮ȴͬΪ缶ǿߵĶ죬ԼԲǸ缶ǿߣȴûʩչһ˲ƣҲٶȼѣŷȴ֪Ⲣǡ
ѵ˲ҪԲ缶ǿ߲ʩչ
ߣǶ˻û
ٻߡ˲ƣҪ֮ͻ֮Ҳǻܹ֮ʩչ
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һԼҲ˲ƵĻôԼؽһǿıƣ
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켶ǿ߳Ǹʱ򣬺ȻԲ켶ǿԲͬŽֳһ켶ǿӭһȴ켶ǿ
һĻŷﲻЩȴûиеô⣬ȻѾأ֪סô켶ǿߵĳģǷ׷״һԴʱ׼ս
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Ķսļ򣬸˸ԼСĵ㡯󣬹ŷһ뵽Щߵȥȴ˵ĵ
սҲ֮ϣ˷ɼڽսڴ
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Ȼһ΢֮Բһ켶ǿڳƽ֣˽档
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ڹŷ廹㶿˵ʱ磬ԼˣȻͬʱһŭ𣬶չս
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ûҩ֧֮£Ǽ߹ı켶ǿߣ޲ˣ޷ս
ЩͷֻڹŷԺת˲š
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ƺԼܾöûôԼʵ൱ǱԼҪǿϲٵˡǰҲֻڻҰ½ʱȺԴй
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Բǧˣȴֻǧˡϣʹ·硣
Ҳɴ˿ԿȻԲֻǰ棬ֵȴҪ粻ٵġ
ŷĳȻҲǬ۷ߵע⣬ʱںһǬ۷ߣϻⷽһǬ۷ߣȻŷ峯ԼɱϰԵʩųӦһӦʱʹ㶵
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ܿ죬ͶͶ˸ԵսȥǳԵǣⷽʿҪ࣬ԲⷽʿȻû½ȴҲв˿ʼעŷĶʱ׼͵Ϯŷնɱ
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ȻʱȻһ֮һͬȪƵѪܱ߲ʹâҫ£Եޱޡ
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ܿ죬ѣΪڻɱ˵ڶǬ۷ߣȫڶɱ֮󣬹ŷ壬ȫǬߣȻٴγһǬߡ
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860 ֮
ȥǬԲסǸ쵰
ڣ˹Բһ켶ǿߣŷ徹ȻֳһǬСԲ߳ȥŭ
ʶ˹ŷոȫĵһɱڶɱ֮ɣŷŻɱǬСԲǿߵʵ
ΨǬԲǿߣסĿֲ
ȻдΪǣŷѡǸǬСԲǿΧȫһЩǬ۷壬ԼǬСԲߣЩǬԲģöȽԶҪڹŷ幥֮ǰϹȥȻǲܵġ
Ȼŷǿһ㣬ѡǬСԲΪĿġ
ֻҪǬСԲܹסιܰǬԲˡ
뵽˴켶ǿҲ԰һ㡣
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ٿǬСԲߣȻڹŷɱЩ΢ĽţҲֻ΢ѡ
ԼʵЩŵģɲΪԼڹŷ»Ųס
ϾŷǿǬڵΪҲԽ̫ߵļնɱԼġ
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ΨһѵֻжһˣʱȫԳô˻ԲǸ缶ǿһǿûôҲͣŷ忴ȥ
ȴΪ缶ǿߣɾԲôױɱǱ˵ûжĿܡ
һҲ뿴ŷǱʵжôǿҲ֣ͣȫע
ʱٹ۹ŷѡеǬСԲߣڹŷ幥ʩŵһǣɫ˲ͱð߰˿Ѫɫ
ȻҲͬŷΪӵ֮ģȴϾȥЩ⡣
Ϊһ̣ŷĹҲڵ
źպƣɱ


861 һӣ
ʱԲǬСԲߣѾɵˡ
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ΣԸǬСԲߣŷȴֱӵѨڵĻۣ֮Ҳ֮ҪѨ
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ŷոʩųǼǹ¾Ļ缶ǿߣǾԶͬǿߵĻҲǼԿƵġ
ܹƣҲ޷˰Ӧ֣ûɳһ׾أ˸ʮȵļת䣬ôĵתǹٶȣȷǬԲߣ˵ˣǷӦпܷӦ
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ȻǱڴ͸˹ŷȻ¶˹ŷһЦ
Ȼû񣬻ûԲϲͻȻһ
ΪǴǱ͸֮ϣûпһ˿һѪ
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ŷ壬ոʩչģȷ˲֮
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ǻ缶ǿߵרǻ缶ǿߵרйڡͨ缶ǿ߶޷ΨԲ缶ǿ߲ܹġ˲ƣ
ѵһ缶ǿߣֻΪ̫ߣԼЩ˸޷̽Ϊɣ
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Ҫǻ缶ǿߵĻԼɵǺǵȥ˼Ҹɣ
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Ҳתܵı켶ǿĿеΨһ뷨
ŷؿźһƬܵıӰơ
Լôֲ
ЩǬҲˣǱ켶ʲôܣ
ѵͿڱ켶ǿߣԼжԶԶ
ȻոǸ켶ǿߣԼܷŹ
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һֻаʮ꣬ΪֻǬڵߣȫ׷һȺꡢǬ۷ϵǿܡ
У켶ʮǬԲٶǬСԲǧǬ۷壡
֪˿һ𾪵
ǣȫȴһ˷Ц
ΨǿȵԼԲǾֵĿ⡣
ŶŶԲȺث֣ܸëܣôһȺ߾ȻһǬ߸׷ȫܣŶ
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ⲢӰ˵Ļ⻹Ϊ˵һ̰ɡ
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Բ缶߸оһЦһ䳰Цͷһޱȵݺݵشࡣ
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Ǵɤôһ䣬缶ߣ˿ڴ˴යһӣתͳԲ緽ȥ
ãеٶȲ죬ȻʱѾͷԲЩ˿ɶġ
һԼˣЩˣɾȫҪˡ
߳ŭŭԲȫɵתܣҲʵûȥˡңŷһϵ񼣰֮ǵʿѾ͹ȡ
սȥЩˣܹŻȥģ֮һ
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ЩȻ׵ؾЩȥҲ֪˭һУʱȫըһ׷׻ضȥɱ֮һʱ䲻ڶ
ʱȫΨйŷһΪˡ
󿴿ƣԼΧԲ׷Χ֮ڣûһԲˣùŷΪ
Ǹ㽫Լɱ켶ǿߣҲԼԶԶģԼ׳ŵȥŻ˼ң˼Ҳ¸ͲӽԼ׷Χڡ
ðɣⳡսԼջѾ㹻ˣ˵ǾϲˣɱɱЩˣҲνˡ
֮ռôҲһʱԼɴϸһµģռ
ǣһ֮󣬸ɴֱת㳯˹ȥ׼ȽΪͻƵǬ۷˵

Сģսÿһڣᷢһ
˵ÿζûԲ硢캣˳ǰ߷ÿȥ֮ʱ϶ⷽΪ
ֻΪÿζ࣬ÿÿǱѹŴģ
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бˬ
бü
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ˣˣ죬磬üһ
һУȫǸ֪Ķ꣡
ŷ壬ͬһʱͣ˻æĿѰңȴûѰŷӰ
˾͸Ӧ˹ŷϢҲͬʱӦˣŷ壬Ǹһ꣬ƺͻƣ


867 𾴺Ϳȣ
ȻǴʱ˷ܣܼ뻶
ǣӦŷͻ֮˶ͬһ˲䰲ãͬǧٴһ㡣
ȻҲ֪˭һʼɨսȴܰÿһŻٶȡ
ģһһ˿ʼɨսһģȫ䰲Ҳ仺
˭¾Щ켶ǿߣֻҪǾŷģ޲˽Ų´ŵͻƵĹŷ塣
·ĽŲŵͻƵеĹŷ壬ЩߣȴΨжһǿ߷ĵ𾴣
һУŷȻӦõ΢΢һЦ˫ۣʼͻơ

Сʱ
ŷӣ΢Ц߳
վڵǣһŷ壬ж͸¶ԵĿȺ;⡣
ɣŷ˵ΪֻǬڡŶӦǬ۷ˣɣŷչʾǿ󣬳Щķ
ЩеĿȺ;⣬ŷһЦ񣬵ͻҰֻЩ˺
С壡
Ȼ˶ĺ
ŷͷȥȴ졢졢ս죬ԼԱһȺ켶ǿߣһֻ𾪡ѺõԼ
𾪣ŷܹӦþԼͻƵٶˡ
ҲԣǰСʱԼŲһǬ߶ѡСʱԺȴȻһʵʵǬ۷ˡ˭𾪡
ǣҲֻһѣսչʾһУƺԾεͻƣԵǰˡ
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СӡĲ֪ôźˡ⣬Ǭ۷ˣ
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ŷҲ֪֪ԼһЩˣ˲֮½ֻʮ׷ΧڵģȴҲȻΪŷĵˡ
Ȼ˲𣬹ŷȻĵȥҫĻֻ΢΢һЦûٶ˵ʲô
˵Ҳûʵ˼УҲ
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ŷԶԶңԶʣƺһӰߡ
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֮Ĺŷ壬Ȼһ۾ּܿʲô˵Ҳ֮ˣĽ죡
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˲ƣȻϵ
ոջңԶʵĽ죬һʱѣѾ˽ǰ
ǰĽ죬Աߵ˿һۣһءšԼδеļб飬ӰһȻŷԣ˫֣ͳŹŷץȥ
ŷΣȻ֪Ľʧ̬Ϊ£֪ĽץסԼ֮󣬻ʲô
ǣҲͲʣкȻһ֮ͻ֮ͬʱ˸һµĹâŷӣҲ֮ʧȻͻȻ˾ʮ֮
˲֮һ˲ƣȻٴںһˡ
ֻҪһܹ⵽ʮ׷ΧڵκһطȻÿζҪں֮ʩչĻ˲ƣҲʧȥԭеá
˲˲ƣҪľǳ䲻˲ƶ
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˲ƣ
⡭⡭⡭
һʱ䣬Ľ˶ǶؿŹŷ壬þ˵һ仰


868 Ľף
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ĽķˣֱԴκģ֮󣬲ڿڣʼ޷˵һĻ
ʵǲ֪˵ʲô˰ɡ
죬ŵ˰ɣҿǴδ⸱İ
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Ľʤľޱǿ󣬾Ŀɿڴ֮ڵҲƽٴ˹ŷһۣȻ˵ôһ䣬Ȳ֮С
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ĽףԣɿЦһεصǺûսʤֵܵİգ
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ȴҲΪĽ첢ô֮ǰǳսԭֻ֪ŷսдʣȻŷȻܹʩչ˲ƣŵһʱ飬
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ⳡսйŷıֱ֣ж콲ǻ֣Ķǣ챾ҲǴĭӣǰĽȴǻȻһ˫۾ԽԽȫȻ֮緶ȫһĿɿڴģ
꣬Ľ֪ԼĶΪλƤҹŷˣԭԭûʲôܹսʤ˹ŷ壡
ʱŷΪֻǬڶѣȻͻƵǬ۷жôǿأ
ĽҲ֪Ҳ²ⲻһʱ䣬ȻҲԽԼŷ֮дȤ뷨һʱѹƲסɴֱӻֵףС壬ǿȥһ
һĽĻҲһ˷ܣ׷Ȳÿӣͳȥ
ŷһЦҲûоܾ˳ȥ
˲ûֱӾ⿪򣬶˻߽ĳ˵ش漴˰ڿƣ׼ˡ
ˣС壬սУʩչ˲ƣ
͵׼ʱĽȴǺȻ˵
ŷ㶣Ľ뷨
ҪһԼʵжǿ
ԴˣŷȻҲܾ
ΪԼҲ˽˽⣬ڵԼ׶ǿ


869 Զ̿
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ȴΪŷ֮ǰɱǬԲߣȫ̵Ļ𡤰ʽʽҲֻںѨ
ԣ¹ŷǬ۷Ϊˣȴ̫ļӳɡ
࣬񣬹ŷҲ޾켶ǿߵ͵Ϯˡ
٣ŷţ켶ǿһ֮£ԼƲȥ࣬ҲֻǱشѡ
ʵʵĹûʲô¹ŷȫԸҲ»Ľףô
ǣԱ߻վ缶ǿ߿أԼҲŸˣǣ
֮ܶⳡд裬ŷνǵȫ
⡣
Ľףս⣬Źŷһȭֵܣˣ
˵꣬һ֣һͳ
ȴ룬ĽףȻһԶ̹֣
ŷɲκδ⣬ԶֵûеȽսǿǹٶȡǶȣȴκͬǿͷۡ
һĻŷȻ룬ȻĽףԶ̹ôԼҲΥĹɣ
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ڣĽףùŷҲ˼þûü似սˣҲ֪似û裡
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Ŵ似ǸҲ˵˸似֮⣬ŷ廹һż似Ĺ֮
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˵ŷ岻ӵ˲ĻƲôһսġ
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ⳡ˿ޱȹ죬ĽףޱƵıԣڽ
Ľ֣ˡ
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ĽףȴѹشŷĻֻǿƵÿŹŷ壬һ˽һӿ
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ŷȴǻҡͷոһս֪ԼڵʵʵҲûʲôȤٴȥˡ
ҡͷЦǰÿһʱ䣬ͻᷢһսʱܿˡ
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ʵֻؿһŷ˲ƶѡ
ոһսѾˣʱҲû̫ĺġ


870 Լķ
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֮ڣȴֻˡ
ŷ塢졢Ľ졣
ڼʶŷȷԽ˲õĶ֮ĽѾԼĺġ
˵뻹̣ܶ˲Ƶľ룬ҲΪߣļġ
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С尡̫𾪺;ϲˡǬΪܹʩŻ缶ʩչ˲ƣǡ
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ǵģʱ䣬ҶڴһԼķڽ죬ڴɣ֣аܹﵽǬԲǿֵķǿȣ
ŷû˵ƷҩʵԼڱɵģֻģĻһϾ춨һɶͱǿɾĻˡ
ûŷģĻʱѱŷĻ
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ҲӦ֪÷ʩų֣ô㼸Ĺ򵢸ģ㼸ĵ飬ЩѹԽѹˡ
ң޷ͬʱʩųı׶ˡ
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Ҳֱ˵캣˵࣬ϴԲԱࡣ
Ƕ캣˽⣬캣ĸ߰ͲмȥԲһףҲǷռضˣͻȻϮʲôġ
Ȼ÷ռһЩ޷սǬ۷塢СԲȻǻģӦòбȼߵߣ
һ˵꣬ΧˣҲ׷ͬͷ
ȷǶ캣˽⣬캣ȷǲмֶս轣綼ˡ
ԣȴҲ̫캣λͻȻϮ
ŷȴֱԵȻˣǻʲôģˣ
˵꣬ͿֹģʱȻһЦصүү֪ʲô
İɣҹŷ壬Ȼʵã޷̫İ
ǣȴҲԸԼǵغͼ԰ԲΪκκκЭ
ŷ䵭˶ܴǷԹĽ
ŷĻҲ˶κλʵԵ뷨ΪܹоóŷⷬĵȷȷȫǷԷθ֮ԣ
ãããսȻûϴ磬ҺҲȻûпˣ
ʱЦãеοͣ˭ó
ȻˣҲͲ˵ˣڻдԼʮӣ캣˾Ҫˣû˵ģϱģ
֮£ıԱ¶˳
ֻʱȴ˸о˻³еѪҺȻս⣬Ҳӿ֡
ϱģ
ͬôһ䣬ȻȻӣȻһЦ֮
£˱ڶĴ֮£㳯Žַȥ
ϴιŷͶ뵽սе£ڳ˶Ѿ֪
ֻȴû֪ŷ廹սս
ԣŷȻսҲûκϵı飬ǽһḻ
ĵףͬʱðһԼҲŵ뷨
ѵŷ壬սս
캣ϾҪɱˣҲֻҽͷ𾪺ѹĵף׷վãԴȴ캣˵
ŷվĽףԱߵģʱҲѾ۳˫˫캣Ӱеս⣬Ҳڶ
Ƿǳĵʱ̣Ҫ֪⻹ǹŷ״ǿյսأ
Ҳ֪ǿɱˣǸʲôζ
ŷţ캣ˣҲ𽥽ӽ
ֵܣ֪ǿǴǧҪעַȻһƣʣضǳ³
ʱһԵĽףȴǺȻص˵
ŷЦЦͷİɣĽݴ磬֪ġ
Ǻǣǳɣ죬ǾͲս캣Щ߰ļһɱƬײɣ
ãɱǸƬײ
ŷʱЦ
Ҳڴʱ캣ˣȫԱ
һɱ֮ȻƬǿյӿѾ˽ޱȲҵս档


886 硤ʽ
˷ɣ
캣һȺ˺ƺƵǰǸ֮󣬶һ˿죬Ҳ߶һ䣬ԵûϵǴˡ
뵽ʲôƵãиǻһ⣬캣һĶԴӡ
ʵЩѰζˡ
Ҫ˵˷ɲרΪ˹ŷģǴ춼ˡ
ŷ֮ǰǷ󣬶Ѿû˿ģǷһ˿Цȴо֪캣ֶεģĻض֮
ӴⲻǶģˣרŴӭҵģ
˷˿ûмսĽŻս⣬ı飬˵ĻҲǳ˵٩ģʵûнЩ˷
ͬʱһ˫۾ҲڽĴţڵĶսʱ΢ͣһ£Ӧս󣬱ƿĿ⣬ٴѰ
ôѰңȴûڽҵǸӰЩż
ѵЩѾ³ԼĿģǸǣߺԼ˽ɱǱ㽫
ڹŷ᲻ս֮ϣȴǸûǸȥ롣
ݵ׵ϢǸӦֻǬΪѡΪôܳս֮ϣ
ԣڶһȺˣûȥһ˫۾ʼڽѰţɨ˺ü飬ûзǸӰʱ￪ʼˡ
齹Ҳûа취ˡ
һһʹⷽĳй˳ǵ߶ܿ죬ҲյǸߵĻ
˷ɴˣйŷ壬ѾǬ۷Ϊˣʱڽ⣬Ķ棡
Ǹߴ˷ɶʱɵˡ
ʲôʲô񣬸ݵԣһǰйŷ꣬ƺֻǬΪɣ
һڹȥȴͻȻǬ۷ˣ
ҡʹѾǬ۷ˣǣǬ۷ΪĻڽӪУ
⵽ôһ£
˷вŵźţһ˫۾ȴƵ˽ӪУֻɨһȦѣȻ˹ŷӰ
޳˶ģȻƽ̬ݸ㣬䣬ΪĵȷȷǬ۷壬䣬Ȼǰʮ£
ǰʮ͸Ӧˣܹ϶Բᳬʮ
ҵϵŶ
¼䣬ŵ֮Ӱĳ
ô룬оʵ̫ʵȴǰɲţ
Ȼ۵Ҳâһһɱ⣬Լһϲ⣡
ɱ֮
Բɴ˵֮Ӽɳȥ
˵鷳ʵʱ䲻ȥһѡ
ԣĻ֮󣬴ʱڿڻصߣٸӳ㲻ǵɣ¸ʲô
ⷬһ䣬ԭϴŵ٩Ͳм˷ɣϵʱס
󣬻Цݣɫתޱеĺպɱ⣬˭ޱľ
ȴ룬˷ΪȻͶȣƣȴҲ߱Щ׵Ķߡ
ܺá
˷ֻصôһ䣬ͻȻһ֣Ȼȵɱκ֣
ȻǶ˶ԣڹŷ壬дԸԼⷽԶԹŷ֣ǧ򲻵ɱ֡
ӳ壡캣ţôǿߣ
Ȼ£Ҳһ֣Լǵһʱȳ˷ɳǰȥӴƣ˿˷ɡ
ɱն캣ߣ
ϴδսü֮ˣǽһʿ߰
ĺ֮󣬷׷׷һźηؾͳŶԷɱȥ
ŷҲЩ˵棬ȥźֱӾͿʼѰ˶֣˲һˣһɱ˹ȥ
ȫһɱô˵ҲҪԼ֣
ţŷٶȴ˿ڰ;Уȡֵġ硤ʽѾɣ似̺֮Ӵֱע⵽˹ŷˣ޲ĵðһɳǺ⡣
Ϊעŷ˷ɣŷ˫֮۵似֮˫۶ʱ
ǵףȻûѣŷ꣬үүܹʩչ缶
ƺǵ˵Ե֮Ļ缶
һ֣˷ɸΪϲȾ캣磬ǵ˷ˣ


887 սߣ
˷ѿɳܣùŷǱܰװ˷ѵ˷ɵھͶԹŷ׳֦
ţֻҪԼ㹻񣬷񵽹ŷ޷ܾĳ̶ȣŷһ캣ģ
Щʱ򣬺ȻֻոջԼעӵеĹŷ壬ӰȴͻȻʧȻһȻ뵽˹ŷһ
˲ƣ
ͻȻڼһ켶ǿĹŷ壬˷һ˫۾ɵ
˲ƣ
ҵ죡Ҷ޷ӵе
֮ģǸӼᶨҪչŷ뵽캣ľģͬģҲӼᶨˣɣ벻ϧһдɱ֮ľģ
ʱȻһΣյĸо͵س֣ʱѣæҲ룬һͳԱȥ
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Ϊһ缶ǿߣȻױֻŽ֮󣬴ʱҲѾ״̬
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ٹ۹ŷ塣
Ǹ֣ҲȫһɱĶ֣ǬԲһ켶ǿߡ
ΨԽɱǿߣȡǼʿЧ
֣ȻҲ˹ŷͼԭЩôģǵӦŷ˫̺ޱľӴ󣬶ʱ֪ǰ꣬Σգ
һʱ䣬ȥǰǬߣΪܹӵл缶ʱȫ񣬶ս֮ϣȫԴصȴŷ幥
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ҵ죡
ѵŷȻӵ˱缶ǿߵʵ
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ո⻪ĵһɱȷǷǳ߱ӾǣȴΪԲ缶ǿ߲ŶеɵĽ
Ļ缶˲ƣùŷӵԶԶ켶ǿߵǿʵ
ǣйŷȥ缶ǿսĻҲ˵ЩԲ缶ǿˣЩͨǿߣ׿ƹŷ塣
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ʵЩЦһԲǵǬߣȻΪһ˵ȼսʤܵߣ
ǣȴ޿ʵ
Ϊ캣Ƿû˭Լڹŷ˲Ƽӻ繥ĹµԵֵ
࣬ҲڹŷҪԼʱ򣬵һʱ䣬Ҳ룬תܡ
ߣͬʱἺʮϵı켶ǿ߹ͬŷ壬ĻֻܣܹԱ
캣硢뵽һ㣬ޱȻȵĶ˷ɣȻҲ뵽һ㡣
˷ɫǷǳѿģ˿Ȼ˼һߵĹŷ壬֪ٲܵȥˡ
ŷֵã캣֮ܽ
Ȼ˷ɻû˵ȴӭ˹ŷһش



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ŷȴ˷ϵı飬˲̡
죬оһɳǺ⣬ʱһƬǿǡ
˵ʲô֣˵һΣ
˷һͬҧ˫Ŀ𽥱Ѫ죬Źŷ壬ҲôˣֱӾɭȻص
˷ɵȻҲ󣬵ڳĶʲôˣ
һֲ˶У׷ȻȥǴ㵡
Ȼǲ׵׷ʲô£Ȼ˷ز
ŷҲͣжбۿһɭȻ֮ɫ˷ɣȻһЦ
Цʲô㣬û˵һո˵Ļ
ŷЦͣ˷ɶһУٴκݺһҧɭȻ
ҲȻתͷŷ壬ȴ룬˷Ȼǿ˵ĳ仰
Ҳ˵ʲô˷ģӦĻɣ
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Ц¼䣬ҼϱġֵܵġҹġҸֶȴδȻġ
ŷЦһбЦȻˣҲɣˣ

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ˣƬ֮󣬶ȻһôЦ캣ˣɫһ䣬н⣡
Ȼԭޱȱĺ⣬˲ٴα˼֣תͷ˷ɿȥȴһ˫۾Ȼȼŭ𣬺ȻͺһҲ룬Ͱ˶죬Źŷɱȥ
챾ҲЦģǿ˷ɾȻŹŷɱȥȻ
һЦһ˷ǰʲôأǴҸոտɶղſԼֵ˭
˵ţٴһܿ˷ɼЪ˹һ󣬱ҲĿһ䣬˷
ΣսѾĿģס˷ŷɱȥҪעġ
˷ɱͷŭֱðһ½һµļӴκΣʵ˿ͲҲ޷ͻƶġߡ
˷ɶ֮ʣŷѾʼˡ
ˣ֪ж쵲ţ˷ǲܹӽԼġ
ǣ˶Уŷֱһ˲ƣԼһ캣켶ǿߡ
֮ǰǵһɱŷǵʩչ˲ƣȴΪϵ캣ЩӦò뵽Լӵ˲
ڣչֳȻûıҪֱӾչ˲ƿɱ
ŷһ½һµʧ캣Ǿŷǣ޲Ļ̡̻
ǿĿ˸ղŹŷһɱʱĸɴ⣬˿ɣŷı켶ǿߣû˭ܹӳŷ׷ɱ
η֮£ǾŷȽϽ캣ߣ޲ԼĶ֣תͳԶɢͲڹŷӽ
һʶɲϴԲսʱЩͬһܿŷ
ȥʮˣؽӻɱûºұؽǻɱ
ôһĳ˷ǷζҪըˡ
ŭشгɱ˺ʵԡ
캣УҪ΢ռһЩƵġ
ټϻм켶ǿ߲ûü֣ȥսԣ΢ƣʮĸ켶ǿ߶ûиԵĶֵġ
˷ɵ֮о֪˷ɾ˵ԼҪȥΧɱŷĻ֮ԼҲض̡
һһ켶Ȼŷս
ʮˣǵĵʹôˣǿǿĻ缶ǿ±ˣ޷ڹŷ±Ҳȥˡ
ʮ˻һۣһͷѪһȻ㳯ŹŷΧȥ
ǵĿģȻҲⷽע⡣
ڽ֮ڣ켶ߵȴšڼ캣粻ܻ֮ˣȻٴԭء
ȥԸ׷һƿ֣ս֮ϣȻһ㳯źΧŷ켶ضȥ
С壬㻹ʲôӣ
ŷʱȻվԶ׷ɱˣҲˣƺЩ˺Χͽæ
үүõңаյġ
ŷ崫ص
˫ۣǿʣºΧʮһ켶ǿߣĥµĸоٴγ֡
ŷҲʱӿֳɺ顣
ԼǵվһδγɳڵԼԵûвܵĵ


889 ն죡
ǡðɣԼСĵ㡣
ҲԹŷֽäĿˣȻŷ嶼˵ˣҲûٶ˵ʲôһ֮󣬱һһ˷ɡ
۽ȴʱעŹŷ嶯ģҲ뿴ŷûȥֵʮһ켶ǿߵĹ
ʮһ켶ŷΧȥ˷ŭҲƽϢһ㡣
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һ뵽Լŭʱģ˷ɶʱֹסһԭȼŵŭҲɺ׽Ϩ
ǣһոչŷԼЩȫƵĹЦ˷ɾֹסҧء
ߣʵڲУͽӸɵ
˵ʱ˵Լ˽ŷ壬ŷҲʼղͬ룬Ҳǵͼδս֮󣬺ܾܿͲùŷˡ
ԼΪ˱ӳɳ֮Ϊ޴ֱӽɱˣ
һ͵ĻصҲŭԼѣ̫Լˡ
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ʮһ߳ԼΧ£ŷȻôվǽԼΧˡ
ѡһ켶ǿߣһһȣǻ硤ʽȻûκα
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ʱ˶׷׳֣ܹʮŹŷɱȥŷ幥ߣҲʩų似ȴֵŷĹ
һʱ䣬һƬ𶯣âҫۣ˿һЩĵΡ
κһ켶ǿߴ֮Уͻᱻ˺ĩ
ȻŷȴһȻ̬ƽ˿ûȥں󱳵ĹֱǼ˲˸Ȼߵ
ЩҲΪŷ˲ƣ˼򵥵ľͱƽ⿪
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Щ뵽ҲԼĹûЧû⼺Ǹŷ幥ߣʱڼΣյС
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󣬾Ϳ߲ʱ֮Ȼγһ֣ͽǣԼŷȫУ
֣ʮ켶ı֮۶ɣע㹻ӴֻҪܵĻ缶ǿϵĹ;Բκ⣡
ŷ壬Ȼǻ缶Ĳʵ̫С̫Сһ㣬缶һһôҪȫʮңŵƿ
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ûᣬڻɱ֮󣬻ؽƷռ䵱УȻ󣬲ڽĿЩϡ
ֻЩ߾ϲЦؿŹŷ壬ǿԼЩ˵ָΧϺ󣬹ŷ壬Ѿû·
˷ɶȻҲע⵽ˣǰɫϲɫ󼱡
ҲֻĿ˸ȴûвȡʲôж
ȴѾʼ裬һŷмֲס֣ؾȣԼ˱˷ɵĹҲϧ
ɱ
³ʲôʣʣµʮ켶ߣҲûȥռ֮Ҳ֪˭һŭ֮󣬱һʩչ󣬱ŵ˷ŷ壬һ£ܼĹûȥ
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ЩԼɱȴǺȻ˫ۣһȻͽ뵽ĺС
ǿѹ֮£ʱ֮Уһ似˲ƣǹŷĿģ
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ʵҲΪ뵽˹ŷǸظʩֵġ
ԣŻŷԼȻĻǰԮˡ
˵ŷȴǴ㲻򲻵ѵʱǲ׼ʹֹܵġ
ǻʲôĥ£θøߵ似˲أ
ˣʱЩϮŷֻǱ˫ۣʼȫظûеʩƷҩ֮ϵ֡
ȻŷӦҺ󷽵ĹҪŵ㼸룬һͻƿڣʱκ룬һԱ˲ƿʮף
˰ΧƵĹ֮£ŷɲֱһ˲ʮףԼ似ĽӴ룬ԽĶɼӰ졣
߸ոһ˲ƣŷָоԼǰĹҪ㼸룬ǣԥٴ˲ƳӦİȫ롣
ˣŷһһθӦһһιܣʹԭԵøûͻƿڵܼڹŷޱȾܵض֮Уʱһһƽ⣡
ЩȥĹҲǼŹŷӼ֮ɹȥģ侫׼̶ȣ˭˶һ亹
ǣŷȴʵʵڵ㣬ֱһҲŷ岻಻١ޱȾȷȥ֮Χˣǳɵˡ
֮ǰǿŷƶ֮ɫҲûŷʲôֶûʹãĲôʮ켶ǿߵϹ
ŷʵܹ˲ƺüףʮףһƾʮ켶ǿ֣޷赲ˡ
ǸָŷķռͲһ缶ǿأ
Ͼŷ֮Ӱֳרһ缶ǿ߱Ҳʲôܵ顣
ǣȴû뵽ŷ壬Ȼô˵ȷܹģ
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ЩǿȫǲȺģȻŷȴһһӦ乥ٶȡȻ׼ضܣ
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ǣ֪ԵǻĹŷ壬ԶԶһˡ
ټƷҩĵʩڣŷûʲôõĵġ
ǣҲͿûκѹӦܡ
ܣ⡭ⲻܣ
ԶͶݱ˷ɣŷһĸӦ֮һ˫۾ɵñţвϷŵ֮
Ϊ֣ԼڹŷλãԼ޷˾ĳ̶ȣ
죡
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˷ɸоԼԴЩӦٶˣǰһУѾԶԶⷶΧ
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ĺȻͲţҪԵƽˡ
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˽⣬ƺ£ûĸҩʦľǿȣǿŷصġ
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ʮƷʦҩټСܹƵֿӺͼҩЧٷ֮ʮҵҩ
ʮ֮ڣЩ缶ǿߣܹõҩ˰
ܹЧҩƺѾöö궼ûԹˡ
ԽԽ˷ܣеĹҲԽԽǿֱԭʵƾе˷ɽЩ
춼˷Щˡ
ǹŷȫĻһɱʮ켶ǿߺΧµ𺳶ɱʱʮ켶ǿΧ֮Ǵݲȣȴһ㣡
һǱȹŷȫɱģþ߱ʿЧ
ǣһʱ䣬ⷽʿٴαɱʿ𽥵캣ˣǿ಻ԡ
ٿڵЩߣһǼǵͨˣ˫ֽգģֻԼΪ̫ûʸսеżŷ岢ս
ŸʲôҲϧһдۣҪɱ
͵ʮߴ͵ʱ˷ɵһŭ𣬶ʱȫ
˶ʱѣҧҧ׷׶ЩаٴʩųǿһźպƣŹŷȥ


891 ף似
ڸոʮ켶סʱ򣬹ŷ㹻ĻᷢͻϮô˵ҲԸɵһ켶ߡ
ǣŷȴûôվǣȴһֹ
Լû˲֮һЩأһˣҲͶһΣգԸ˲ƣޱİ
似Ļ͵Ƚ˵ɣ
˲ƣҲ似һְɣ
˵ĺУ˲ƵĸԶԶûй似似ȴҲôһЧġ
ټϴ˲ʱؽƿأԼءһֵָоŷҲǼǵġ
ԣֻҪϴָоиټϴʱ˾ضܣŷ˲Ӧûܹġ
£ֻһ׵˲ƷΧҲѽ
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ǣŷ΢˫ۣհӴĸӦ֮£ܹ㼸Ⱥ
ԣղ񼣵һĻٴۣ֮
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Щעߵ캣ߣ޲˸овԼͬһǶŵ뷨
ǰ꣬һ޷ܵ
Ȼ뷨ǰЦǿʮ켶ǿǰ˿κβãȴã뷨ǰС
дξȷ¼䣬˻缶ǿ֮⣬ܹв
𰸣ƺǷ񶨵ġ
ΪȴֻǬѡҪǴͻƵ˱켶ʱ¾ǻ缶ǿ߶ûκΰ취˰ɣ
٣ͨ缶ǿߣûκΰ취
Ҳ֪ΪǻǰˣһܽҪ˷ɴǰ
ȻȴΪǰ
ڸոɻ˷ͻȻҲЩȻˡ
Ȼ˷ɰŷ壬ŷȴԥؾܾˣһӦý˷ɡҲ˺һĻ
һɴ֮ҲȻʶ겻ΪõĻôɱ֮
ʹû˷ɷԸʮ켶ߣҲѾﰵ¾ģô˵ҲҪӻɱ
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һʱ䣬һƬ򼸺ȫ߲ʹâҫĸâǣѰѰ٣ȻǺһƬڣٷһп϶ĵط
ܼͬһŴעߵĶ˷ɶˣɨ˺ü֮󣬶ǰľʹǣҲֻһԴĿ϶
϶ǴˣҲɻᱻĹУӵʩų֣Ǿ޿ֵܵЩˡ
ﲻ΢һ㣬ֻϣС˵ظʩֵķɣ
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˷ͷ¶мĹŷ壬ȴ˿Ϊ۾ûһ£͸˵ʩ߰˲ˡ
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ⷽˣԼʱվʱҪӽţ¹ŷʲô⣬Ƕ轣ʿһޱȳصĴ
캣أȻЩ˷ܡЩڴȴò׼
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ǹŷʱǱ˫۵ȻȻģʵһ˿һİ
˵ĵ캣ûеŷ壬ʱȴǱ˭Ҫƽ
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ָоùŷ·ٴҵϴ˲ʱо˵ȲϴΣɹŷȴܹܵԼƺ˵ʲô
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룬ŷѰ𹥻ǰȻһʱͱӴľҲ룬һ˿ȥ
˸һλһ˲䣬ŷӰٴһվΪ֮һâǼֱۻġ
ȻһһȻ󡭡
ѭ


892 Ъ˹ı켶
ŷڵһСƬڣÿһ硢ÿһ塢ÿһ˹ŷ˸Ӱ
ÿ뿪ĳطһɲǣһض۸ȺĲ༱ɶʱλð֮ȫˣ졢˷ڵˣ̾Ϊֹ
Ϊÿ˸֮ʱֻҪôһ룬ŷ嶼Իᱻ
ÿ˸ľ룬ôһ׵ƫҲͬᱻǲϵĺëȥ
һչʾƵ似ߣ
ˣǳ׵شˡ
ʮ˴ˣ캣˴ˣ˷ɴˡ
ĴˣҲˡ
ոЩâ˵Ҳ߰ʮɣ
ŷռأƺֻ׵ķΧѣ
Բ׷Χ߰ʮѹ£ȴɾ˹ȥ
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˶޷󣬸޷š
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һ룬ɱ͵رǣǳɱҪ죬̳һ
ŷ壬˾֮󣬷ǵûһ˿£¶һ˿˷ܵ΢Ц
ԼĿģǴﵽˣ


893 ܰ԰ʽ
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ʵǿľڣŷȫۣܹսˡ
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ǣɴͱۣƾԼľһһУ¾һ˿紵ݶָơ
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֪ΪΣһŷ۾ǵƾͲһ֡
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˲һ֪ŷеĳˣ£ľսڲ֪ŷĵ˭ľ֮£˼֣Ȼ֮ǰЪ˹ķ
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һһ֮ټһ־ĲҺһ켶˳ŷһո
ȫɱ
˴սǰɱûκŷУ
ңһΣȴԶԶϴκԲս𺳡
ʵսѾдԼһʮˣֱڻûгֵɱһڹŷʵ̫ͣ˵ע޷ȫս
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ŷһˣѾȫף
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ΪǲӣҲῪڽˡ
ֲ̫ˣ̫̬ˣ
ɱı켶ܹʱ䶼ʮ룬Ѿȫ˹ŷ師»꣬ʬ嶼ħ˽ȥ
ӦʱҲ÷׷ߣҲ˿
˵켶ŷɵ˵ĻԼȥҲᱻԼϰָɵ
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ǿ캣磬ڱ켶мҲޱȿеġһãһʮǻԼðʧȥԼײԼƤŹ֣
ͷۻȥ׽֮ʣǸЩ־Ŀɶȴ
ιιܰ˰ʽߣ
ŷһ׷ЩһߺƤ


894 ɥ֮Ȯ
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һ£֪ŷ϶ҪԼһʲôոİʽˣôվģϾԼʣ˵ǹŷˣǱ켶ǿһ޷ƿ
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ңһ˫ĿУǳɲǵʧ
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𿴻ҰֻҪжʮˣյ֮ȴֻм켶ߵġ
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895 ŭϣ
һ·ϣ졢ս졢ĽףˣŹŷŸ⡣
ʵ޷Ǿ˲Ƶİǰ㾫ܵİȵȵȵȡ
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ŷȴ˿ûʻĿޱضԱ߷̵һŮ֣δеı㣬

ŮԱŷɱŵһʱŵЩף֪ǰŮеżΪλͻȻûУǷɱ
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ŷƽһ㣬ǸΪĮȻ̬ȴǸΪֲһ㡣
Ľ޲΢΢üֲŷʱ״̬ȴûж˵ʲôȻŷʵСһģݣȴ˿ڳ˵͡
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Ůκ棬ŷпŭǿŭȷûκζԼɱ֮һߵ˹ŷߣŴˣʲôʰɣ֪һ˵ģ
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Ů֪£ҲԣŮӴż飬ûЩŮǰҫȻ֪ŷʵ˭ˡ
ֻʱɫȴ¶Ϊ֮ɫӦ˵¶һ˿ġŭǼȵĿ־壡
Ů飬ŷвԤǿ
ĪĿŭҲԽԽ


896 ŭУ
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ŮʱͱŷԾ֮µıŵˣæ˿æءعŴˣСɡ
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һŷǿпԼͷ侲˿ûȥΧǿЩȻȴĬٴγŮʵǺ˵˵Сȥˡ
˵꣬һ˫ǿհ˫Ů˫ۣŮκһ仰ʵŷ嶼Ӧ
Ů뵽ŷ֮ǰĪؿŭ뵽ŷͻȻСɵ֣Сȥƺһѹȼջ棬Ůʱˣ
һڹŷĿ־壬ɢһСɡԼЩõһ˫ӶʱͺˮҲ
ȴӲˮޱǿҵԤУǰ꣬ǰнõż񣬻Ϊǰ״ΪǰЩ³Ľáѩޣ
̧һĨ飬Ѿ˲Լ˵ⷬԼʲôΪڵĽãΪǰҲȥĽãֺη
ǰСɱ¸ץȥˣȻ󡭡Ȼ󡭡
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˵˵ţŮͬϪˮ㲻ϻΪСͻȻȥıݣҲΪǰͬıݡ
ƺ˵ºŮѾȥˣݺһĨ飬ٴ˵Сɣǰкööã³
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ǿʬ֮ʱЩõϣûһ֮ߣǰŮǱǲȥ
˵һΣڹŷһ˫۾ɵԲУŮ͵عһ˫Сֱסŷ˫ȣһؿͷһߴŴˣŴˣһҪΪǺЩȥĽ
ˡˣԸΪţֻҪΪЩñ𣬸ЩûֵĽһɣˡˡ
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ȻĽ۵һ˿ŭ⣬ǴŭܿȥŷѾĽѡ
Ϊ˴֣վ˵ЩʲôΪЩŮЩʲô
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ŮˮѪˮԭգȴ˿ûȥ⣬ǵһʱæʵ
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ҩһ룬ǶͷѪֹͣǿĵѪģĶͷҲۿɼٶȼָš
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һУŷ㵭ɨЩĮߣԼĽһۡ
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ںЩˣ㿴ңҿҲֻں˹ȥ


899 Сɣ
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Ȼ缶ǱȲϵģȴǿŻٶȣڹŷ߷ţŭҲһĨ˼
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һΣͺҹЩ쵰ַǿ϶˵ģֻǣַ֮ԼЩˣָúȥδأ
ӸղĽıǲ֧ԼЩġûֺ֧󣬻߽Ҳʹȥˡ
ߣʵڲУǾʹЩȫͶ轣ȥ
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Ȼ꣬ȴֻ˫صĳޣ캣磬ûʲôĺ⣬ΪضԾҲǷǳ顣
أԼЩˣйŷôһļ룬캣ǻӭİɣ
·ׯҲ𽥳ǰ
ڶһԵĹŷ壬һ˫۾ɫضźڵǸݣɨׯ
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Сɣ
Сɣ
ѾɱϢԼȷоûκǣΪɱʬ壬ȴȴһγ
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ŷһԭǷĸգ˿̾ЩһűͻȻٻЩ֪ŮȻʵ㣬Сɱʬ壬֪ȥ˺δ
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ڡڡ
Сƣʵܲ˹ŷǷܹ͸ԼĿˣҲʵܲ˹ŷǹѹȸУһûס׼˵


900 
ҡѾСɵʬˣ
СƾҪ̲ס˵ˣС󼱣æһ˿ȿ޻ѿЦݣæ˵
ұ죡
ȫŷԶ֣սѾһСߣȴһƾͺС褵ϣžһ
һƣս첢ûмκǣƾһȥͽС褰ϸߣǱߵĶ䡢ӡ͡۾ѪһһŮ
СҲһƴͷǣֲ嶫ˡԺУ·ٴʳһʲô
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һԵĺֵܣԴȴǸûǾ仰£΢С£ʱĻڰŭŷǲǽⷢӣ˻ᣬΪ˸أ
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ǣ˱ҲˣţҲֻǷЩߵ˵ūǷйĹߣ˶ѣ
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һ죬ǵâ֮ϣʱݱ㻯촷ۣ漴һϮݳײֻڳ
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ȴ֮ϣһ߳ʬ塣
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ֻΪʬǰŮֻʣԲѪʬС֮µŮҲһƬѪģ
ңһֱ۴ϸ
ꡭꡭ
ߣصغǱġ
ٿĽףˣһ˻ܱ侲޲˫Ŀ죬ҧгݣһ˫ȭͷҲ÷ס
ŷ壬ǴǾʬ壬Ժ֮УصŵģǳС֮ʱǿɰɬĴģ
ǴЦݲ٣еģֻ¶ȾͷŭĿ־ա


901 ֣
Сɵʬ壬ŷĬȻá
󣬺ȻͳǱ߷ȥĿ⣬һֱСɵʬ壬Աߵĺֵܣûпһۡ
죬뺰סŷģϾʱ򾭹ߣǿǷǳΣյ顣
һ뵽ĽȻûվڼȴҲƲɺ˶Թŷôŷ壬磬轣ϣ
Ľעشֵˣ϶ǲ鷢ġ
ڴʱǺºˣʼնΪŷǽⷢӣֻΪ˵ҹıɱʦѡҪ֪ŷ͵ǱɱɵĿĻͳˡ
ԣھǺºߵʱǳذɹŷȥ
ȴĥţŷ岢ҪԼ˳׾ˣֻԼΪǸԴҸ̨ȥ£Ҳ˽ˡ
ȻˣǴ˳ԸǸˣ
ֻҪȵ캣һŷ壬ҲûٻŵıҪˣ
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СɹԲˡ
ŷȻһ˿΢ЦСѾͽӲ֣˵
İɣܵһУңŷ壬ڴ˷ģֻҪҹŷ廹һڣضΪ㱨ѩޣĳˣѪծѪ
һ仰ŷȫǺģ̺ĿŭɱʱԶĺֵܶȻһ
ʱҲѾоƺͬԼǰ㣬ǣȴɲţŷ壬ȻΪôһϰǾѣΪУ
ΪɵӲŻȥ飡
һ䣬ŷȴоԼµøˣһȻ֣Ǹֱ۴ϸС˳һƬģŷ޷󣬺Ǻºôȥֵģ
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Ǹŷݺһһ͵ؽ촷ۣȻ󣬹ŷһ֣㽫Сɵʬ壬սƷռ䵱С
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˶ʱͱŷɭȻĻüͷһ壬ôǻδ˺˵ѵԴˮɵӣҪΪһԼΪ
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СĻ
ĽϿʲôһޱģҲûʲôرĲϤˣȴ֪ʱҲŭˡ
Ǿ仰ΪĴ룬˺Ǻº˵İ
٣û˺ºλ缶
ǿɲҺĽ춥죬ҧҧԼλһۣҲһѿȴǵ˵ͷ󣬱һһ˦⣬㳯Źŷȥ
ŷ͵ؽӹȴֱִǬ֮סһۣ֮սƷռ
С壬˰ɣϾţѾ޷ĵˣһϣΪĴ֣Ϊ²
һĽ֪Լˡ
֮ǰһֱĬϹŷΪû˵ҲûֹΪùŷŭɢһ㡣
ϾСɵŮѾȥŷҲѹ˺һͷӦһЩɣ
Ȼû뵽ǣԼ⻰û˵ȴֱӱŷִˡ
˵ĻҲĽ죬һȻ
ָƨִ֪֣ѵνĴ֣ΪŰǵΪЩкĿͷЩ쵰˵ң⣿
ſڱտΪ²ʱȴ϶޷Ͷأ磬дڵıҪ𣿣
Ϊ۷֮һѵ᲻֪ͺͽ֮Ķһ£ֻǻ˸Ȩ߶ѣزס磬类캣ռ죬Щƽƨ°
Уػס磬ĵ˭ǰЩĮΪЩȥȫɹѹأ
ҿϺͿ˰ɣţ
ŷһ𣬱ͬ಻ĺˮ㣬ĽûзӦĻᡣ
ǷӦʱ򣬹ŷ˵ˣǺݺһڿˮڼǰУ˱ɨźˣһȺĮߣԼׯЩסߡ


902 Ʒߵȴʦҩ
ŷˬˣԱߵȴôˡ
ŭ֮УŷЩΪֻڱ켶ǬģҲͰˡ
ǣǺºֵĽϺͿˣ
ҵ죡
ǳ˶ٸıӵˣ
һʱ䣬ŷȫȥ˵ЩߣʱԵȫŭһߣǴؿһɷĹŷ壬ʵ֪˵ʲôˡ
ȻΪһϰȥֵԣ
ǽڳ󲿷˶ˣңĽϺͿ
ЩߴˣǶһȺ˶ĿޱȹؿŹŷ壬Ȼоﳬˬȴûйŷֵġ
ǶҲˣ֪ĽĿµġ
ƽʱͰ飬淢ŭ죬˱֣
ٿŷ壬ѹͲǻػֱӿŻеĽʵĽǰһǰֻ֪վվߣ
ҵҪͺܼ򵥣ֻҪܽЩ˵ȫɵУģ֪ĵʲôҹŷڴ˷ģʮ֮磬Խ캣ˣһܡ
һͳ塪磡
ĸ֣ŷһһٵ˵ģﵱеţκ˶ȥĻ
ĽոյȷЩðˣŷ˻ǻȻɢȥһ˫˫۽ŷ壬Ŀ˸Ҳ֪Щʲô
һԵĺֵܣȴŭˡ
أŭˣ
Сӣ
ֻһŭ˱ͬһ֧ʸ˹
;Ҳóһ˳ǹޱȵĹؾͳŹŷؿڴȥ
ǵºֵܣ˿ҲҪǻ΢˼Լ缶ǿߵĸ߹ݣڿҲǳǰȥˡ
ŷĿȻһѪɫʵһֱڻû֣ΪԼʵ̫̫һ㡣
ûĽĶжڣҲƲֵ˺á
ңóȻ֮󣬼ʹĽ첻ɱԼԼļأ
ŷɲұ֤᲻
ԣ˵ΪԼ˵ΪԼ˵İȫŷҲֻͷŭһֱﵽڡ
ǣˣܲܿźǹԼɣ
ݺһҧһݣ׼ֱȡ˺
˵ʱֱӻصҰֻأȫϣȻͶ캣ȥ
оһ£ŷҪ˲Ƽӻ硤ʽ
ʱ˼еĽǻæֹס֣
˻ͬʱһǿ˼ѹͽС
Ȼ󣬾ͼƲɵĹȻͱĽһѹȣ͸ƽˣ
ŷ嶼һȴ룬ĽʵʵǿڵԼ޷ĵز
죡ǣһϧΪЩΪУΪλҪסǣҾͲˣûС쵰ҩ֧֣Ͱٷְٻ䣿
˵˭ҿ϶ǲǱ£
ȻûʸĽ˵Щ˵һĺա
ĽȴǸͲȥգȻҲǶԺֵܵΪ䲻׼Ǹ
ҪЩɥ£ֽ
ȫȻ˺յĻתͷŹŷ壬Ŀ⾼صС壬㣬Ǿó㹻ŵĶɡ
⻰˼ˣò㹻޷ܾǶԲɲվǱߣ
ԱߣĽ컰ĺֵܣ޲ɫһ䣬жȻһɫ
û뵽ĽȻ˵ôһ
ʲô˼
˼˵һŷܹó㹻ĶĻͻվڹŷǱߣȻɱԼˣ
뵽˴ͬЩޱдŭв˵ģ˺ü۾֮ɫ
ҪŭȴȻסתͷͼҡҡͷɫһ֮ǰǱޱƽ
¼Լ󣬾ȻҲ˲ͰٿĽ죬ԼߵĮȻ۵ףһ˿ĪЦ;
ǵΪȽأԲûмע⵽ǣĽ͹ŷ˱ûע⵽
ĽĻŷ岢û⣬ֻƽһ֣һƿ㳯Ľȥ
ĽһӹƺǲµЩʲôæ򿪰һ϶ʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
Ʒߵȣ
һǾƷߵҩ
ˣ
ĽлϲƷߵҩ٣Ҳ赣Ǽ켶ǿߵİΣˣ
ֳֻܿĬ


903 ֱ
С壬ҳϲȷܴ󣬿ǡ
Ĭһ֮Ľȴҡҡͷ̾ǣܹƳʮƷʦҩǲȥʧ缶ǿߵģ
Ҫ˵Ľǣ֪ܲԼⷬ˵ضġĽ
һǶ£ĽĵȷȷǶԺֵŭˣҲŸʮ뷨޲ҵìܵ˼档
ǣȴ͹˴˴ιŷľģҲͬûϵպֵܣ˿Ѿ¶ĳģ
ԣҲˣŷ˻֮û˵κһ仰ֻؿĽ졢պºǡԼĮӵһۣȻֱתŶȥ
߰ɣӽտʼǻǻԣҲҹŷ޹أ
ն˵һ󣬹ŷҲȶ˵һޱȾŴ͹Ļȥ
Ҳû뵽龹Ȼᷢչģȴκһ飬͹ŷһһ׷׳Ŵ͹ĻķȥߵޱȾ
УĽ֮Ľף
֮ǰŮޱؿСС褶ŮһۺҲ϶ˣȻǲٴȥˡ
СƺС褶ŮǱһĻĻɵˣһҲԽԽ֪һΣԼǳˡ
ԭĽ쿴ŹŷȥıӰûмκ
ʵҪ˵ȫΪƵģҪ
ѡ񣬶Ǵ˰ѵ³ֻùһ֮󣬴ŷ˵һЩȻԼȥ̸һ̸ˡ
ҲͳŵֻҪŷȰ캣֮ȻԼԳֽ˾
ţԼعŷǲоܾˡ
һ룬ĽҲһֲɷһЦʲô¶ƺԼǶӣƺҪԼ˰
˭ҵĿأ
Ľпɬ
ٿպֵܣһֱĿ⼫ؿŹŷʧıӰġ
ֱŷ˵Ӱʧ֮󣬲ջĿ⡣
ĿջصһһĨɫȻ
ȻҲ˵ֻǵؿĽһۺֵܱͬʱ뿪űȥս
ںֵȥķĽҲûж룬ֻΪлҪȥսսййһɣ
ˣɢ˰ɡ
Ľ˻˻֣Ҳһƣ׼´ȥ
ֵСС褶Ů֮ʱȴǶʱ˸һ⣬һߣһӺ󣬱Ҳһֱۣȥ
ȥ֮ĺһСС褶ŮһֱǸͶ
Ȼһ΢紵ͼǿûκ쳣ȴȻ촷ۣš
ӴˣϣҲûССˣ

С壬ǽȥģ֮󡭡
ڼﴫ͹Ļʱ򣬶̲סʵ
ŷԣû룬ֱԵظңҸ裡
ʱҭסǶһС˵ûôʲôؼȥ
ܸԶҲ׷ױʾؼȥԸټˡ
أһΣҲͬ˰ɣ
ԭ統С磬֮󣬸Ƿ˿øΪС
ŷȴڣǧΣɻѡ
Ǿ仰кֵڣǻ类캣ͳһأ
ȴùŷƵ¡
ƵģԼлûȥŲкСɵĺ˽ɿң⣬ŷʹΪ⡣
ǣʵԼʲô취أ
ڣԼΨһĿ꣬ǳ̡̡ٳ̣
ֱΪãһɱľЩɥ
λǰҾȻػҰֻˡ£СһɣСǰȥ
ߵ͹Ļǰ˶٣ŷֵôЩʱ䣬ϣλǰܹӿΪȣƷߵǿʵҩҲᶨ˸͹ȥԺðΪ
Ǹãҿ궼ûҩΪ˰
ܸԶһЦڴĵ
ҲǴ˰飬ȷܸԶԣǣѾܾúܾûгԹҩĸоˡ
С壬İɣҲش˺úģȡʮ֮ڣһǬ۷ϵ
Ĺŷļдص
׹ŷ˼
ŷôʮ꣬Щ˵Ϊ
ȻȽյ˻ɱΪػԼһ
ΪֻΪǣ


904 ۸
ͬˮ߽Ҳʱݱ
ǣ֮ڣ˴۷һЩȻ֮⣬ˣ֪¡
ͳһ֮ǲŻ֪Ⱦ°ɣ
֪֪أҲֻܵĽĽЩȻǿ󻹲Ǹøĸ
ԣŷֱӴ߽Ĵ͵Ұֻ֮Ǿ޴Ĺ㳡֮ϣһƬȻľ˰ˣ˼ˣò֡
ǰΨһͬǣ㳡֮ϵˣѾǰѰģҰֻѾԣ㳡֮ϣһȫ˸̯λڶ
ŷ嵹Ƿǳϲ󣬾ųϢҲǻҰֻ
š
ŷһ֣ԱļҰֻǣʱϳˡæϲرȭ
Ǻǣˡ
ŷ峯ЦЦͷ
ЩˣԼˣǣŷǺù˵
⼸Ȼû뵽ŷ岻ᳯǵͷȻ˵ֻʱůģࡣ
ΧЩ̯۵ǣ⼸Ļˣæ߿ŷʱһƬ˲žУֳԵĿ֮ɫ
ŷȻǣһ˲ԾУȵһȥĵطȻԼǸСԺˡ
ûλˣŷʵЩҲ֪Щúòã
ŷǣ¶һ˿ܰЦݡ
ſ򣬷һжƽûгκ쳣
Ұֻһڸ߲ȫڸԵķȫţڵɹҲǳϲˣѾͻƵǬϣ
ɳӡꡢʯСѾȵЩõģѾǬ۷Ϊ
塢սɷºơХȵЩҪԲһģѾǬĩڡ
ǰѩƶЩΪٲһģΪȴȻǬڣ
ŷ嵱뿪ʱֻע㹻Ǭ۷ģԺɳˣڴڹԼΪ
ٶ룬Ҳûдǣʱ򣬹ŷҲԼСԺ
СԺǰģﻨ㣬ͬԴ˼ɾλˣȴûгУǴڷ档
ùŷЩǣʱȴҲεķ棬ϢϸӦǴʱûùŷﲻЩ
΢΢һЦкȻͯͻԼϢصøһЩһֱһ˲˷档
һŷǶŵɽȻͬ㣬Ȼͬȴһǰˣ
Ȼ˫ۣŷ˫۶ʱһֱΪһѪĳ棡
ֻУһ޴ԡľͰľͰðŨŨҲһ㡣
ζŷϤ˹ǿʵҩʱﻹйȥЩ
ȴľͰУѩ֬ĽУʪĺ㷢ɢ£ճ⾧ӨļϡϡԼԼùŷѪİ¶ɽ֮ϣ
ľͰˮλɽ֮ϣýɽ͵°벿ڸСȻˮ峺ŷĿҲ̫ϬܹԼԼɽ֮۵ġֻûӸͳȥˡ
ϿһʥɣһȫȻͬͬľա
Ϊԡ£ֻһͬԡЩɬŮǾ˫ձͬϼͮͮģȴǾ߱һּջ
رˮΧڡʣɸӾӾ
ߣȻŮЦֻŮȿڵҲ֪ôˣǱֹúòá
˵˵ţԭɬʱįһԵĹŷǸۣ
ôôȲҪƻô
ȴʥɵľŮһЦЦһ֮ٻʢЦҲһ˿˼ϣ촽ᰲοİɣ㻹֪ôѽڿ±˭úأ
أҲͲҪ
ѽã˵ʲôѽʲʲôסƻ˵
ŮӺߵĻȴû壬߾Ǿߵú޲ضĻ
һž͵Ǻΰѩɽ֮ˣΣȴ¶Ļ֮⣬ǽһ欣ǽһģǽһջ


905 ֮
վ͵Ĺŷ壬˿̵ĺѾˣ괭Ŵһ˫۾ͨͨ죬ͷ·Ҫһ㡣
໥ЦĶŮȻĴغ·ͣƵãϵЦݣеĻʱɲֹͣ
˫Ŀͱ⣬׷ѽһУٶˮһ˫Ҳ˫֮ϣȻ֣ۺޱȷŭػȻתͷ
ǵӰһɲǣо֣зŭɢӰաеģֻ㶺ľϲ֮ɫ
๫
Ůͬʱϲ𣬶׷ʶشˮվһϲɫؿǰ˼ĺİɣȻԼһ˿ҵؾԼչ¶ڹŷͷ֮ǵǰ
ɣŷһεشסˡ

̫ˣͺΪĵܣȫ£Ҳһ˿һ覴ãŷ嶼֪ʲôǰһˣֻоԼں뽫Ůӵ뻳УȻ鰮
ѽ
ŮŷǲκεһĿעţǷӦ˹׷һУ£ˮУһһĺ졣
㣬תͷȥ
ŷ޼ɵţŮɬѵǻƻŮĳɸⲻסŷĿ⣬ȻȻᣬﷴЩϲǡԼô󻹴δһôſأ
ȻˣԼУҲԼֿ
ɲû߳һ
н޵ţȻ͵ոԼεĶԻ뵽˹ŷпԼġƻһʱ䣬ߵæ˫ۣȥŷˡ
ԭλԡãҲмûϴˣľͰҲţһɡ
ⷽ棬ŷƤ֮񣿺οԵԼλˣȻ˼ɣ˵һŮЦõĻǻûзӦ֮ʣһ·ɶģȫƬƮڵϣ¶ǽʵȴޱȾȵ
λţϹ
һԾڶŮĿɿڴУһ£ԾľͰС
ҲҺľͰ㹻һľͰУȸоģǻָۡоùŷ˿оˮ¶Ⱥʹˣˬãغһ
㣬㡭
Ůû뵽ɾȻҲʱ򣬽֮£˫æƵöŷˣ
ԣŷǶ˫ֱסŮʮĽС֣ڸԼĦƵãޱ⡣
ȥɫǣ
ɴʱѾߵ˵ˣαϾŷйЩλãȻҲǺߣȴҪȳɺ࣬ͨ棬Сεص
ŷ뵱û˫Ҳʼʵ˫ĿŹسֳǸ̲סеļ˫־ЩȻӶŮ俪ʼƶ

˫һ§ͽŮˮ§뻳У͵شͰԾ𣬾˲ƣֱ˷дǰ
ޱؽŮڴϣ˲ȥΪǲã˶Ůм䡣
ƺ֪ҪʲôޱȽŵġȴŨŨİϲ⡣
һСظŹŷıЦϹɽһŮ˰ɣ
һˣһˣ


906 ıϣ
εĻ뵱еĳһ㡣
ȴ·ȥһɬһ˫Źŷ壬۵صϹɳΪӰɣ
˵꣬С쾹ȻŹŷȥ
ȻĶɬʤʹ󵨡СģһӾùŷ˽ȥ

Ŷ
ɣѾֻڹŷһˡ

ⳡ籩һҹֱɲ֮󣬹ŷתսһѹ£ʼս
սڶŮ֮תţֱһȥֳһĨʱⳡս
ʱŮѾǾƣߵڹŷ廳СвͣϢȴ۵ָٶһˡ
ŷһЦӵŶŮ۵ĽһƬ⡣
ˣǸһҲˣ
ŷг뵽

ŷң⣬ʱ캣磬ȴһƬء
һս˲С˲Ǵ
Ƕ˶ˣ캣ʵ˵ǺôһսˣǺ캣轣սʮսа˳ʤ
ҲͰˣȴֱӵǸ޼캣Ŀܣŭġ
ǲǽҵĻ˶߷磿
ŭ֮£ԼӵĿ⣬Ҳޱ
˷ɶʱһæףҲûнĻɶ߷磬ΪǰȥѾģΨ´ξͼˣǲԼġ
ֻû뵽ȻҲ;ܾңһңģȫûм캣Ϊ˲ɳΪҲŽȥΧɱ
û뵽ǣʵʵ̫ǿˣȫͲһǬеˮ׼켶ǰһн
˷һ˵оݣŭҲ΢˵㡣
Ȼתͷսһ켶ߣѡе켶ߣҲ֮ǰŷɱǼеһ˵ģɶʵ
˵ģսô֮ɸоЩ¡ʱԼܵÿĻ£ڶѾ˰ɣ
ԣĻͷдſ־صûǸʵ̫ˣΪֻǬСԲңʮ켶Χ֮£˿֮ǲܻɱⷽһ켶
ǹߣһƿ֣һУߣɣ
๼ĻеĿ־֮ɫɾ߱ż˵
βţ˿̣ȴҲòš
ǡ֮ǰײ˵ֻһǬڵ
ôһЩȥȴȴǬСԲˣ
ֻоԼԴЩ£Ƭ̣㽫£ͷβҽһһ䶼ܴ
켶æͷʼ˵һ˵һ߱Ȼ˵ǽһɫ侳
ҲĿɿڴʮ켶ǿ޼ͷâ֮£ŷȴûʩչκηӡȻƾȷ˲һһЩ㿪ˣ
Ҫôǿľܹ
꣬ȥˡ
ΪϣԼҲֻǿ־ȷ̶ȣ
˻˳˼˷ɺͼսı켶ǿҲҳԴţ˷ɣҲ֪Լ᲻Լ
ȷûκһǵԸ
ͻȻתͷĿؿԼĶӣĿ⣬ʹ˷ĵ΢һܱ׽
˷ȴޱȿ϶һͷԥصٷ֮ٿ϶ΪҲŸոմҡ
ʱĳ˷ɶһҧгݡ
С󣬻δ˵ģ
Լӿ϶Ļ۵׾һ⡣
ֻǣԣƺýǻ缶ǿߣ޻ɱĿܣ
ȥĶ缶ǿȥɱأ
ҲоЩͷ֮ʣȻһӰҴҴܽ


907 ı£
»Żţ
£ͻȻͱôҴܽ߸ˣȻˬüȵ
߶ʱһæڵϱȭĺҹ˴Ϣ˵Ըǣ
һʵҹ磿պ缶
иǣǻûʸۡ
ǵģǣ
߸æش
ȷǴϢ˵Ҫǣ
һ˫۾ԽԽ
˵ģ
ǺãҲϢȥܹǸŷһͬץǲǣҵȵͳһ֮ƶˣΣ
굱һ֣ϲ
ǣ
Ȼûκ飬֮ȥ
˷ɵȴǴ󾪣æףͺպǵʵεºܹҪλã˵ȥҲ缶ǿ߲
Ϊã˷ɵĻ꾹ǳûһЦľص˵ո֮ƹܣû˵ᰲ˽ȥһͬƹܰ
ǻǿƹһЩСµţ͵λƶ˰ɣ
Լϵһϯ˷Ͷء
ӦǾ䣺ϵ
ʱȷǸôһְλڵڼġ
ǻ˵㣿
ˣкպλ缶֣ҲӦûʲôˡ
ңûλ缶֧֮ԲǰǲһֻҪҪĿ轣ɣ
šڷܹĻʱҲǰˣڰɣ
ܽᡣ
һ޴ıҲŹŷ忿

ʱŷڻҰֻСԺУĽ֮
죬ŷ󲿷ʱ䶼ŮϣȴŷͷľǿȣȫһŮһ֮
ϣȻǷˣ桯ǲֺ
ŷ壬Ҳڶλµľɫ١
Ȼ¹ŷҲɱǼ켶ߣȥŷԼҪ֮⣬㹻Ұֻظ߲ǵΪǬԲز
ԣʱٵЩˡΪҪͻƵ켶ŷҲ֪֮ܲãĽ˵ͻƵ켶ҪʲôͶеġ
ţ涷ޣ˱ǣﻨ㡣
Χ滷ɽһٺŷСԺ㴦֮С
ٻУˮϣŷ塢Ρһһ͵㣬ģȴѹûһģ
ֻŷУͷñ̬С
ߣʱʱһ龫µĸ͵ŷߣŷſڳ£˳㽫Ƶ޳ָʼ£һһľܺ󣬲һɿ졣
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ұߣŷǲĸĩ򱻳СĨȥģǳĶԼת¶ľ飬ʹôʱĳɣһֱջ
ŷ忴ͷһȣֺظϳӯӯһյСḧ
ʱͽǵͨ죬ȾһĨϼòɷ
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˰ɣţˣԳһٵˡ
ŷֽһ˦Ȼ˫ֻסŮСЦλˣҾ͵Ʒǵ
Ůûط˸ۣȴҲ뿪˹ŷĻСһӣľͰ㱻𣬶ŮŶԷС֣һ˵ĻһڴЦȥ
ȥıӰŷǵЦݣûֹͣ
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´ڣŷһţüͷ塣
棬һʵʮ۷屾Դߡ
߹ŷӡǰҰ½ڴ͹Ļλͷ죡
ʱޱȹվڴ룬˾ηؿˡ
һ˫ԭ˫ۣҲΪǰ˵ǿ֮һĨϣ֮ɫ
ţȷһǡ˽͸ҵģ
ŷ忴ͨͨûκ˷ܣüʵ
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˵ǣ¶֮ɫ˵ͽǣ֮ǰѾץˣ
˵Ҫ㲻ȥĻὫҰ½ȫɱ⣡


908 ŷľԵ
ŷԣüͷʱøˡ
ԼȥͽҰ½ȫɱ
ѵϴ֮Ϊ˲ɣ
ŷҡҡͷܸо͸һаԡаһʱҲ벻
ôôβԾɣȻҪҰ½˶ɱ⣬ŷôҲӲġ
ǣһͽŷ򿪡
ֻһֽǳͨȼ仰ѡ
ô仰ȴùŷ˲䲪Ȼŭһŭ棬Ȼڶ
ɱҲʱŵǲ̱ϡ
ͷҲ亹ֱͻͻðȴ˿ȥֲ̧á
֪Ƿ浽дʲôȻǰ˱ŷŭ
ʱŷ廹ɵͷ˸ű䵽˼ĺ⡣
ֻֻֽдôһλ
ҵĴţǸСŮãζȷǲţǸʱǱľ飬ô˴ˬأ
Ŷˣ˸㣬ڻҾͻһͷԴ޹´ҩȻСõΪӡסһͷԴ޹һ
㻹δţҲûȤȥˣ͸Сٰɣ
Ŷӵ㣡
ô̶̵ļ֣ȴùŷһ඼
ңǲǾڻҰ½ң
ŷȻ̧ͷδйɭߺʵ
ǰΪʵ޷ΪСԼЩǰҹкܺŮӱ𣬾Ѿùŷһܴ
ڣٳôһͬ˱ֶ̬ΣɣͬǻϽͣŷеŭ𳹵
ǣھڻҰ½
˻ոһ䣬ԭԼǰǸӰȻʧδֹһ㡣
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ٴβŵĴȴ֮УǸ˵Ӱˣ
ҵ񰡣
ոʲôӡȻԼǰʧˣ
ѵǾΨд˵вŴڵ˲ƣ
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֮УֻǸɵ۵ߡ
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һ·ȫ˲ƹģ
˵űԴʯĿޱ̤ȥ߲꣬ʹâһӰȻʧ
ٴγֵʱȴڻҰ½ı֮ء
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֮󣬹ŷƺɱûκء
һ·İɱֲ˼㣬֮ȻǱѩʼڻŷɱȴȻγʵʡ
һᣬ˲Ƴ˱֮أŷѹͲκεȴǰ
ͬʱҲ޷ſӦһ쳣
ŷͿ̿ûг֣˸øĸͲ֪ǣѾʱпܱɱΣյУ
ŷǿ񱩵ɱƣȴǴ·һƽ
޲̧ͷȻܹ׽ŷӰȴ˶֪Ұ½һǿߣ
ǿ񱩱ɱҲʹ˶Ļ̻ѵҰ½ĳ֪ߵغˣһǿߣԷĿŭɣ
ŷȻû˼ȥЩˣΨһ˼ҪǧУ
ͬʱҲСΣҪΪԼҲ˱³
ԹŷķٶȣһᣬѾء
֮̽£ȻǸϢ
СϢҲڣһǴһġ
ŷܸо͸¶һɹ죬֮£ȫſȴûзκ쳣ţҲֻо˵Ϣѡ
ѵԼ̫ľԱˣѾЪ˹״̬׼Լƴһ嶯飿
ŷüͷ˦˦ͷٶ롣
´˴л缶ǿߣԼҲɣ
һŮΪԼԭ³ŷԼţ
Ϊһ˵ľԵߣ
ǣ
оһ£ͷŭٴڶŭһֱ̾춯ء
󣬹ŷܹӦǺС˵ϢһȻͼ˵ӰԼǰ
һЦԼһ˿ϲؿԼ
СᣬһޱģԼֺϣʱ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ŷһСģƺҲǵίƵİ


909 ҹѱ
˵Ž壬һȻ
벻벻㻹ˣ
ŷȻ֣ǽסһЦЦУ˼
ŷȴûĿɻؿһϲСᣬȻʵСᣬ㡭ûʲôίɣ
Сȴûκ쳣Źŷ˻Ҳûʲôԣûж룬׼˵һԵٴһЦȴǳ˲м
ŽŴţ˵ǿ㻹ˣĪòɣ
ʹãҲûκȤȻɫҲۣܿҿԼðɡ
ȻȥöѣҲ˻غ£ȫǣͬԧ죬λţһԸҪģģӻúչǵģ
˵⻰ʱһ˫۾⣬̬һԵСĵòŻ
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ŷûйȥǳЩ⣬֮֮Ъ˹ˣк֣Ǿ仰ŷԲСΪԼԭ֣
£ûǵ飬ԼҪ治Ǳⲻ˵ˡ
ңҰ½ЩˣҲԻΪԼԭȫ¾һգ
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˵һӰһȻʧԭء
ŷ˵һĪĻӰʱʧ󺧡
ȻһǬ۷ǿߣһӵһĳڽȣԵ΢˵㡣
ԣڹŷڻ߽Щ׳٣һŲ֪ȻŷͻȻʧ϶Ŀġ
ܿ㵭ŷȻҪ
ϴξͽԼȵǰģɲΪԼܹӮŷ塣
һЦޱƶȻ͵һֻ֣ǰͬʱӰ֡
Ӱֵһŷ͸Ӧˣйȴûκγͣɳ¡
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ãһŷһģʱͳ
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úպǻͬʱȻǸ澪ؿŹŷ壬Ȼ޷ţŷôܹǬΪһ缶˺üأ
ոҪԼϡ
뵽ǲ˸ŷУҲ¶һ˿⡣
벻Ȼǣ
һʧ֣ŷ岢ûиеκ⣬ݱؿǣҧгݵص
һǣŷͻ뵽ʱСʱĲ״ʱǶһôҲ޷滺
Ϊβǣ磬ҲѴĽ϶ΪʵֵǿָָȥҲˣȻΪɫ
ʲôʲô
ŷĻֵܾȼĵߣͱˣ¸Թŭ
ȻĵףĽѾĴ漫ĲԹˣȻԼݣĽΪϴ󣬶ȴǣ
ŷ嵭һۣ֪ûε飬ҪãĺˣҲԻ
ֻ飬ֻǽǰ˶ѡǣ綼ѣ
ǣĽλ

ԣΨѱ䡣
磬쵰ʲôֱץȥ캣ǣ뿪߽ôã֣ضĽ϶ľʱ֣Ǹɾˣ
ŷػһԵĺ̲סŭŹŷҲ˱塣
˵û֣
յϣֺ֮ȻתͷǺҲæòμսֻҪֹǴСܵ
ǸŮˣѾãɱˣ
꣬һϢŹŷɱ


910 һƵ
յĻ۵׾һ˿ɫԥЦ̧֡
ס֣
ŷŭУκͱŭҲΪٵٶȳǱ˲ƹȥ
Ȼûн˲ƵУ͸ӦԼƺǱһޱӴС漴ŷ㺧Ȼ֣Լ˲ƣȻʧȥã
ǲΪӵ˲֮޵ˣ̫ˣ˲ǿ󣬿ǣΪ;ʩų˲ơ
Ǹոս缶ߵ˲ƣ˲佫
յĴЦǰ̶ŷһģҲԽԽ
ǿֻ̺ӴֳСĺ󱳺ȥԼȴΪʱ򣬹ŷֻоԼĺ˲
ٿСʱȴû¶κξɫΨĨεʱ򣬹ŷͬһ޴ʯһ㣬Ҳʱһɴδֹɥ
֪СеĨΣضΪΪץĻԼҲվˣ
ѵԼֻڷ
ŷп𣬲ԼԲ鷢
ȻŷŭŷǱ̣߳Ѿ˲˲ƣʱ䵽׹ˡڣֻȥһжҪ
ȻԸΥÿʱ̣ܰڹŷߡ
ÿŷ峯Ǳ߳ȥͻ⵽ŪƵأֻ̧һ裬ǹŷٵĳ̣˵Ļ硤ʽᱻ׾ٵͨͨ⡣

ǹŷʱΨһĸܡ
ֱӡСϣСϵЦҲɲǾֹʱ򣬹ŷһз񣬶ڴ˿ͣ¡
ؿСӦСɢϢŷһ̣ôĺԼԼΪܣΪС
ǣȫȥ
ŷ屩ŭˡˣֵ˫֮ϣʱǻ硤ʽسһԼĺȥ
ͬʱǼӿٶСȥܹСʬƷռ䵱Уôܹģ
ֻǣȻǰĺպ¼ˣ֪ŷ廹ӵиҲܻŹŷԼķߡ
϶Ҫˣսپ䣡
˵һԼҲǰһҲ˫־Źŷץȥ
ȷû˼ΪСӶǿأ
ֻ˵ôһ䳰ЦĻҲ׽Ūŷ壬˫֣ͬʱŷץȥ

ŷ屬ȣǻ硤ʽ£Ȼȴޱɵر£µҲֻ˼ףҲֻŤһ¶ѡ
ڹŷ׼۹ʱȴǺȻܵץ˫֣ԥһŤ׼
Ȼյ˫ֱͬӰһ㣬۹ŷŤתǱȷںǰȴԵ
ߣӵùҵģ
һмĻ˫֣ѾŷһץסۻעУʱͽŷȫӡ
⻹ǹŷһα˸ӡΪԼյ֮Լ֮ǿӦǲʲôܹӡסġ
ΣԼǴشˡ
֮ͻ֮ȷؼߵûǣھۻǰٸߣȴܹ׾ٵѹ
ŷ壬ھָоӡ֮󣬹ŷ巢֣Լƺʱͨǿ֮⣬һУͨ졣
ûĸоܲˬ
ǣʲô취أ
ŷֻͨ˫ۣεؿСᵹصȴΪ
ŭ𡭡
Ρ
һʱ䣬ŷĶ
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Ȼһ죬ŷоԼ˺ݺ˦һǶ⣬ȻתͷĿģǺǱĳЦͲмɫ
ţٸţΪһȻô˵ǰҵȣΪӵнʮƷʦҩʦǱܾͿ˼ɣ
Ӹ㣬ϣǿģȭͷӲϡҩأ
˹ŷһǶ⣬ֻоԼжʱһޱ泩Ŀܣ챻ŷ嵱ôŭ棬˿ҲڵõЩɢ
ҲֻЩѣ̵˵ôһ仰󣬾ͼһƣۿҪ¡
Ȼ˿̹ŷзŭвɢ
һ˫۾ֻޱĮؿźǵӣҪӣԺ
һƣԼסˡ


911 ǿߣ
ںһЦͿУҪٴһ֮ʱֹ̧ˡ
ˣ²˳٣ǿ뿪ɡ
һӣһΣգĽ϶һ϶ǵͼġʱɾ鷳ˡ
ԼĻǲһȴҲȻһһЦǣʵ磬ô죿
ǣ飬İɣ֮󣬺ҹͽƹܰɣô
תͷǵ
ڴһߣȴǸ붼û
ǣǸʸ
Ҳ֪һ㣬ͷӦû⣬ϴģһὫҹƹܺõģ
Ͼϲ⡣
ţ߰ɣ
˵꣬һӡס޷Ĺŷ壬㱻뵽ķռ䵱С
ŷĿ⣬ֱսռ䣬һֱǿڵصСģһ˿壬Ĭԡ
ǹŷԳΪδܹĴۡ
ʵŷҲһֱ֪ɳ·̫һ˳ʵá
˵εĥ£ҲǾܲˣǣԼÿÿܹΪģԲĴۡ
¾ǱμԼ׻׷ɱҪɥ֮ʣʦɷ־Լ
ΣĴۣ죬˭ҲȲԼĴۣ
ֻδۣȴһŮӵ
ŷһԵķ£֪£Լ޷ȥʲôΨгĬԶԡ
СһƵ裬Լˡ

ֵܣ˺ձ֮⣬ºҲ֮˷ռ䵱С
һǵֻкһ˵ĻĿ겻̫ԣ⵽̫˵Ļɡ
ǹŷ漣ʵ̫̫࣬ӡס˭ܱ֤ûʲôƽַӡأ
ԣǲ㣬¸ŽȥΪ˷ֹġ
ǣ˽ռ֮ȴ֮ǰ״Ĺŷ壬ʱȴǳİڿռĵϣΧһûκιע˽ͷû̧һ¡
ȻΪŷǱԼոһƸסˣͷһ⡣
˵ԭǿҲ˶ֻһƵѣܲˣ
죬Ǵɷ򣬲ǳɾʹҵˣ
г˱ĵŷ屻ԼסˣûһĿ֮£Ҳû˼ŷ˼
ں£һ뷨ˡ
ĸӦܹز׽ŷһ˿һ֣ʱŷ尲ǰˣԲǱһƺĹ˳ǳĬһ֣оЩľĳĬ
ʣԼһƣ裬Ի᲻һеط
һԼҪôͻܵ裬ҪôֱӾ
ΨгĬñԼķʽҪ˰㣬ǵǶô¶Ļ
ľŷ岻ûĵز̫ˣ
ڹŷĳǸ֮ʱȴǺȻ˼ά
磬˵μ캣磬ᵣʲôְλ᲻ֱɣĻҵһϳ
˺һ֮ĺǣȻʵ
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Ҹ㣬˻ôĽ죬ȴһĳ֣
Ҫ水ĻĽڽĳǿߣ轣ܽҪǿһֵľܣ
һĽĽëˣɱԲ»κһ棬ܽһֵüɹͿ̿
ԣһֱţʵȫΪɵĽһ˶ѣ꣬Ľͷۡ
⣬Ҳ轣ΪһֱƣûɵԭˡһУȫΪһĽ죡
һһһ˷ܵĺʱ
ôҲû뵽Ľ죬ǸƽʱߣȻһǿߣ
һˣԲ»һ磬ֵüɹɱͿ̿
ҵ죡
Ǻεȵǿ
Ǻεȵţ
ԼովȻ캣ӧ磿
Լ治֪ôдİ
Խ룬ɫԽǷףȻĽǿѾԶԶ̶֪ȡ
ԶĬĹŷ壬жʱһ⡣
ҲԶԶû뵽챻ԼϺͿĽ죬Ȼһǿߣ
ŷȻǾĽʵµʱ֪ǿԼɻ
ŷǣǿ߰ɣ
һ֮綼ɵǺεȵƣ
ŷеĹâԽԽ


912 䣨ϣ
յķռ֮ڣŷʼڵϣͷĬţҲ֪Щʲô
ԶºǶҲ˻⣬һǰžƣ⡣
棬һ·ɳۣҰ½Ĵͽ磬Ǵ͵ĳܿܿС磬ٴ͵ǿ磬Ȼ͵ߴ磬Ŵͻ˻߽硣
û취ǿµĴ͹Ļֻ̫ͣߴĴ͹Ļ߽ܵ硣
һ߽磬ǸӦһ£ֲûκ쳣֮ͳűȥ
Ľ컹ûд轣Ȼһᱻʲôġ
ϴιŷǾѣ뿪߽֮Ϣͱ轣˸֪ˡ
˵ǿ϶ǴŭǸһ죬ָźֵܵıӴǳ²࣬һ棡
ֲһ˷ŭԴʶŷǱ֮һֱĥνŷ¡ֵ֪Բһսŷľޱ֣˲°Ͷ𾪵
ٺ캣һսŷΪ֮ǷĲϧһд۶ҪŷԼĵӣ¶Ӷɡ
ֻǣȴȻôһϢβŭ
ȻŭֻӣĿľΪùŷ忴һԼԴ˻ùŷĺøС
ʵϣǿϲѵģŷĽͺҹЩֳԼĻǸˣ
ԣΪ֤ԼӶùŷĺøУһʵ˼ɵؿˣôôøøȫȻûһ缶ǿߵģ
һպºˣŭԣл𲻸ҷ
û취һȻʵĽ죬ȴȺպֵܲ
رúֵֻܽŭѹĵס
ڸǾ뿪ģΪ챻һŭĽȴֻһڵؿţͲǣǺĵġ

һ뿪֮ĽҲȥˡ
ȻҪȥһȻΪŷʹֳʲôìܳǿɾЩòʧˡ
һ·ɣǰߣҲ˶ԣЩȻ鵱Уֱƿ֣ͷ˳ȥ
ûл缶ǿߣȻ˸Ҫȥʲô
ңʱҲû˻ȥɣվȻҪ룬֪Լݵż񣬴˿շӡķռ䵱У
һ·ͨ裬ܿɵսһ·캣緽ȥ
ֱӰʱЩŶȻѣһ켶ǿɵضԱһ켶ʵ磬֪֪ȥ
ô캣ȥģ
켶ҲһɣҡҡͷҲ֪롭ǡ
˵ϲ¶һ˿ŵɫȻ޷϶ԼĵĲ²⡣
ҿǻǿ콫ϢĽǰ˵ɣҪǺġ룡
ȻҲôţΪ۷Ա֮һĺգȻѱ䣬ҪѱĻΪκջ캣緽ȥ
Ҫ֪յʵǿûǵһǰ¾ʵҲ޷ˡ
ԣֻһˡ
գҪѱ䣡
ǻʲôߣھȥ
龪ŵԣ֣ʹٶȳ轣ȥ
ĽյϢһʱϻֵȷôһºϵŭǿ֪ġ
αŭѾˣȻ뵽ʲôƵãæѯ֮ǰʲô쳣֪֮ǰ뿪߽󣬶ʱһ
ǣȻܹһ²µʲôһ£ɽŵòᡣ
ͬģһ졢ˡ
ȻҲµʲôһһѿһ죬һһӱ˽ɫ
󣬵ǰҰֻѰҹŷ壬ȴôҲѰҲʻҰֻصˣҲ˵֪֮Ѿܹٷְٿ϶ˡ
ɻһ˿ϣ鱨һʱҰ½λãӦȷڹŷԼպµ˵Ϣһģ˲ˡ
쵰Ǹǵأҹ
һ˲䱩ŭһŭŭҰ½Ұ½Ͽջصֹ
ͬһʱ䣬ǿ񱩵ɱҲǲκεʩſһ̣лҰ֮Դ޲ֵڵأЩСģֱӾͱɿ񱩵˼ɱŵøεѣǾȥ
ٿԣĽ졢֮⣬лҰֻظ߲ȫԱ룬ʱÿһ˵ϣǲ԰һ˿Ѫɫ


913 䣡£
Ұֻظ߲㣬ֱĽһҹŵ֪µġ
Ϣʱ޲֣γɶŮǲ㵱ʹȥ
ǺòײŷúܼҸܰȴجͻȻû죬񣬹ŷȴѶ
԰һǣĽ˵ķŷӦûΣյġ
ǣȥ캣֮һпɾ˵ˡ
ʱԶȴǳһȺӰתۼ϶ޱѿɫ
ȻǶ졢졢ս졢ġܸԶԼЩĺֵǡ
˭ܸ⾿ôһ£
һб񱩵ŭ
ڵõϢĵһʱ͸˹ʵû뵽ˣȻ
Ľ˿Ҳûһ˿Ƶģһͬѿ˵ϴûվڹŷߣǣɽŷǰ
ǣǣȴԼ֮˲⣬Ȼ縹ڱ°ߣ
ӦûˣضǺպº棬캣繴ᣬȻС°캣ȥ
һĽҧ϶µʼĩ
ȻڳжԤϣǴʱĽ϶ĻжһɫҲΪѿһ֡
Ľ졢һ졢˵ŷľǣǱˡ
ڶ졢졢ġܸԶȵ˵ŷǵС
ڶս졢սХᡢɷȵһڻҰֻظ߲˵ŷǻҰֻص֧ǵˣ
ȫΪĵģֻκͳɶŮˡ
ȫҲû˭ܱȵùǴ˿еı
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һ˫ԭ˵ĵۣ˿ҲԵÿնһ䣬ȴûп޳Ϊ˿̵ûдجĵл
ԼİɣһרŴ漣ˣôأ
δʱҲһͣõĴ۾Ҳ˿նһžҲ·˲
ɴ͵رסɵĽȻʹ޵ҲŰ£ҾԲ£
Ҳ˲ͱεʹȾҲ̲סͬסεĽʹҡҲţôǿ¼䣬ûܽô
Ůʹȫﶼѹһʱ˵ֻǾվݸɫģǷŭŪŪĵǡ
Ǹ˵Ҫ˺飡
ȻսҲѹסͷŭŭ
ŭҲʱڱе˾ѣǳĿŭ˲ͽ֮ϲһ˫˫˱ŭ˫ۣƺҪ춼ȼɻҽ
Ұֻ̻ȥټҹ硢ԼҹϵϺõͳͳ𣡡
ŭɷ˿е˫Բɣϸᷢ۽ǵỨ
գȴỨ
ŷ壬ͽܣԼĶӡ
ŷ壬ҲǽԼĸף˵˽Ӵòָ࣬飬ȴʵʵڴڵġ
ɷŭ꣬㲻κεȴһ̾ͳŴ͹Ļļɹȥ
սХᡢշ塢졢̻ϵȵһڻҰֻظ߲㣬˿κһȫһһԲٶȸɷȥ
ʱĽ졢һ졢塢ͬһ׷ײԼͬظЩ󣬶ĿɱȻҲ뵽˻ҹ硢ԼҹйĶ棡
һ̣磬ʷ󶯵
λɩӣȲҪˣŶǾԲµģڣǾȥ˺ҹ磬ɱǻ쵰˵
γɶŮɱһǱݵ̬Ǿףǿն˫ۣöս֮
ս컰󣬶Ůȴֻҡҡͷˮգ·궼Ѿʧȥ
ܣ߰ɣλþһ
սȰһԵĺȴסļ˵
ͬʱһ궼ΪֹѪɫȻڣǵǻɱǣҹ磬оһп̽鵽ܵϢӪȣ
ƽʱ࣬Գ侲һӾҳѷ
սԶʱ˫һæͷûȻѶȫޣʱǲΣյģ
ߣǺͺҹ˵
˱æڴȺߣһ·ɱȥ
ֻ£ԭγɶŮǴͿնݺ˫ۡ


914 ļ
һ죬ڣѪɫʬǡ
ҹйģӭĩաЩ֮ˣǱػɱ
һΣĽǵûκֹԼҲ֮УԼãں˵Ϊıŭˡ
Ȼ˵룬ȻԶ֡Լ£Ժҹչɱ¾
ڶǿߣڶºҹ֮ǰǿû˺պºֵڣԵǰ㲻һ
һʱ䣬ʣˣֻЩ޸֮С档
ҹ磬Ϊǿ󳬼֮һҲ̼串𣬴ӴˣΪһʷ
ǣȴͻȻټ·˼һ㣬ôЩ鱨ŹͬѰңûҵټ
սŭѣʵƾѰҶѰҲҲû˰취ֻܸɸǷŭ
ͬʱĽҲ鱨ţʼȫ̽˹ڹŷϢ
Ȼ캣ˣûмᰵй˳磬ò캣κϢ֮£ֻ붯轣翪ʼ̽Ϣ
Ƕģһȴǵһʱϻȥ轣鱨žȫ̽ڹŷһϢֻǣھԭҪõһϢҲʮԺȥˡ
ʮ졭
ʮԺ󣬹ŷ廹ţһأ
ﶼһʱȴҲûκΰ취ֻӣʼȴ

ŷ忴ǰòϵߣһԡ
Ȼ޷ӦߵκϢŷȴ֪˼ҪɱԼֻҪһָͳˡ
ڹŷ۲ߵʱҲڹ۲Źŷ塣
ŷ崦˾أȴɳ侲˿û¶һ˿һĵ֮ɫһ㣬һ
ٸоŷΪ䣬ҲȻͬһ޶ʮȴӵǬСԲΪ
ң߻ӦǬСԲѾСԲ۷״̬ʱпͻƣ
ǹŷ壿
ߺȻЦſʵ
ŷɵȻûлشԼ˼㲻һЦҲЦŶҷϻˡҲӦòµ˭ҲӦòµʲô˼ɣ
ôûȤ캣磿ģֻҪ캣磬ҰֻصˣǾԲṥ
ȻǰҲǲС
׳ôһ
ŷ廹ǲ˵ΪԼŷ岻⣬һЦȻңһΪͽ֮ҲԵְλ˿Ҷ˷ɵλãǣֻҪΪﵽ˻缶㶼ܶƹһ磡
ˣҲţ£ԼźֻҪɵӣӦûܵġ
ǣŷȴֻ̧һƤӣ㵭صǲҪҶ㷢ԣ
ҲϣͷȻǴˣҲӦ֪ûȡ֮ǰұҪ
ãһͬô
ŷ
ϵЦɣڿȴôоһ˿棺Ҿã㲻ͬҲͬ⣬ͬҲͬ⣬Ϊûѡ񣡡
ƫƫͲͬ⣡
ŷİȻ׼Ŀбӣηؿ꣬һһٵص
ܺãôֻбʾźˡ
һɱ֮ˣȻȷ˹ŷȷûм뷨ûκԥϣֱӽŷ
ŷǱȷޱȡ
ǣҲֻ˶ѣ캣ʵȴҲ̫Ҫŷļ룬캣ûйŷ壬ǱӮġ
ȻΪãôֻлˡ
ɫһ֮ʣһĴȻĶС
ףҡҸոմӺ˿е֪ŷ壬ƺһƷ󡢴ʦҩʦ
ңǻ˵ŷŰٷ֮ʮĿԣʮͻƵʮʮƷʦҩʦĵز
˷ɵͶŵζ
һж˶˲ͣ͡
˵ʲô˵һ飿
оԼĴҲЩ΢ز
˷ɱ㽫ղŵĻظһ顣
ʱжȻһ˾⣬Źŷ壬УɼʱеĲ
ʮƷʦ
꣬δ˵ĸҩʦ̶ȵġ
ȴ꼤֮ڣģȴǣôЩ꣬ԼΪûκһǣƺĳ޷Խǵ
ǣһΣԼͻƵ˵ˣ


915 Σϣ
ʮƷʦҩԼͻƵûа겢֪
ǣʮƷʦҩȴܶԼҩЧ껹ܹ϶ġ
ңƺһ֮⣬Ҳʵ벻ʲôܹԼͻڵƿˣ˵ŷĳ֣ѰͻƵΨһ
Щ£ոҪ˷ɴһĻŷʱ¶ѾԼ»꣬ʱԼûȥ
֪˹ŷ廹ӵǱ֮ϵЦٶȳ֣ΣȴԵࡣ
ǸСְոҶ˵ӵаٷ֮ʮİգʮ֮ڣܹͻƵʮƷʦҩʦ
Цݵһ˿̬Ե÷ǳͰƣͬһߣ·ոɷģһ㡣
ʵŷ֮ǰһֱǴ㵵ģĻ󣬶ȻΪζԷȻͣˣԭô¡
ŷҲɵӣ仯֪϶£֪ʱӦòٻɱԼˣҲͷϵǵģٷ֮ʮ
ŷ϶Ļ˫۶ʱٴ˼֣ŷܿǼ΢Щ˫֡
㡢Ϊܹ϶
ǿѹеļæʵ
ŷƬ̣Լ캣ǲܵģҪʱضҪóһЩ᲻ûɱԼĶģǣҲԣֱһ֣Ʒҩǰ
ұӡΪ⿪ɡ
ŷ忴국ص
Ȼ֪ŷҪҲ룬һ֣ѹڹŷڵǹǿɢǿ͵ٴڹŷӿ֡
ԣ˸ɴؽŷķӡ¹ŷܻô
ŷ壬ҲȻ֪һ㣬⿪ӡ֮Ҳû뷨ֱϥһһݾƷߵǿʵҩģԱߡ
ȻҲûȼƷҩĻ棬ʼ˾Ʒߵǿʵҩơ
ŹŷǴݵˮҩһ˫۾ŷֱӾеòˡ
УֻһּԼΪϲ֮Уֵ֮ܳС
ţӦ˵вǡɣ
һӺֻŷȻһ֣ͣжҩҲȻһžӨ͸ӡƷҩͼһĺΰƷͼĵҩҩϿգɢ˶صĹ
ʱҲһ֮ˬҩζ⣬һڣҩˬܣĵ׵ļȴǿ
漴ͼŷʾǰۿҲԣߵҩǰ־ͽĵҩС
ſһ̽⣬һĨ𾪶ʱϣ󾪵ôܣҩЧΪλͬҩôࣿ
ֲ𾪣ƷҩƵĵҩʹﵽʮҩЧټ֮ͻ֮˫ؼӳɣҩЧӻٴﵽ˾˵İٷ֮ʮ˿ֲҩЧѾ㹻Щ켶ǿˡ
ŷ˿û𾪣ƵصҶƷСҩ
ݲͬҩＶܹӻҩЧٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮǿʵҩǿҩЧٷ֮ʮġ
ŷһͣѾǼò֪˵ʲôˡ
ոڹŷƵУѾ֪˹ŷƷνеģļ롣
Ҫ˵ֻҪӵһ֣ܹҩˡ
ǣ˵캣ˣݹ磬ûκһ缶ǿ߱һҩʦģ
Ҳ˵ϣΨйŷ̥ܹƳҩ
ȻĸҩʦͻƵ˻缶Ҳǿġǡ֪ЩƷߵȴʦҩʦǣûһΪͻǬġ
ˣҪΪã
¶ޱȼᶨľģΣƣգһҪŷԼ£
ǣһϵЦƣͬһʢľջޱȵŹŷС尡ǱӦü뵽캣
ѵ㲻Ϊ츳ֵط̫һ𣿡
ŷû¶κ⶯ϵЦݲ΢һ㣬ȻҲԸһЩʱ俼ǣֻʱޣϣ㲻Ҫҵ̫ãĳЩ㿪ڣ˫Ҳùǣ
˵ĳЩĸֵʱҲǶȻһâ˺ﵱеʵԡ
һϯŷ֪ԼʱǱסˡ
Ҳ˳Ļͷҿһ°ɡ
ǼǼ٣캣档
Ȼ΢΢ùŷȥЧ꣬ǸӲܡ
ǺεȻһ۾ܿŷĴ㡣
һЦȴҲûеƣֻЩɭɭصͷ˵Ȼ㿼ʱֻʱЩίˣ
˵꣬ŷ˵溰˷ɣ
˷˽
ȥκúÿǣ
ϵЦѾڣеģֻǹɼɭЦݡ
ĸ֣˷϶¶һ֮ɫ˫۳֮ɫ۹ŷ壬Ҳû˵ͷһѽŷץס
˷ɵʱ򣬹ŷڵһαӡˡ
ɵǣյķӡķӡǿǿ󵽣ŷһ˿ƿӡġ
ӡʵ̫ǿˣһ޷ѹƵã޷֡
ŷ̾˿
ǺǣǸط뿼ǶþͿǶá
ɭɭ˵ôһ仰󣬱һ˲ʧԭأӰ
˷ٴؿ˹ŷһۣŹŷ屻ӡ㳯ĳȥ
ŷ屻˷ӣ˿ЦǿЦ
βναضһֲ֮ĵط
һ㣬ֻɭɭЦݣԼ˷Ŀܿ϶
ֻǣŷʲô취أ
ˣǸطôֲ¾ǵԼҲһҪȥ
ŷԺ֮УӰ𽥸֣һίһƣȻɢһա
ȥͷǿҲǰδеǿ
ζɡ
ŷǣ΢΢һ˿Цݡ
˷ɴŹŷһ·ɣŷ̧ۿһۣȥķ򣬾Ȼս
һ˱˽ԣֻ˷ʩųһ֣֣һս֮ڡ
һתǳ·ȥ
ŷһѵǸΣ޾ǿյУ
ܿ϶һ㣬ֻ˷޾ǿձԵ֮ٶͽСرܿЩǳܼʯǳ롭


916 Σ£
⻹ǹŷ״ν޾ǿյС
ȻֻڱԵشŷȴѾܹоڵΣա
Ǹǳľ޴ѹκһԴ˲
ʱʱХľ޴ʯʯȺޱȿֲˣ˸ٳʯײ¾ǻ缶ǿ߶Ǻ
⻹ʲôҪǺХʯܶȼδ֪ʯ߸ɴǼӲĻǻ缶ǿߣҲˣ˶ϡ档
Ȼ˷ɹŷȥķȻǲʲôΣյģһ·ϣоյģùŷ˲ټʶ
һſŻСĻ򣬸źԶܹܵɢĿֲ¶ȡ
ЩҲӦþνġ̫ˣĴڣΧһƬʹΧʯǳ쵶Ŀͷҫ׳
٣СĵʱˣȻĹΧѤã֪֪㽫Ҫȥʲôط
ŷ徹ȻΣΧġɫ˷һ
ȻŷȴǷ·ûƵãûȥ˷ɵĻԹԵĴۿģ˿ĽĵطжôΣգôֲרι۹š
˷ɲҡͷһЦҲٶԣ˵ǵطֵܹһڣҾķˣ
Ҳ֪˶ãһֱ۲ܵĹŷ壬ȻУȻתͷǰȥȴǰʯȺȻܼмļ࣬ĵطƺֻͨһ˵ġ
˽ľ룬ʱʱΪһЩʯײ죬ײҲʱһȦȦͬһˡ
ֻ˷Ȼ֣飬ײ˱ضǣŷ飬Ҳ
ʱѾܹŲ²λʲôطˣʮа˾ӦöһȦΧƵʯȺĵشΪŷԼԼܹ͸϶ʯȺĵشƺһƬ޴Ŀտ
ԲмΧƵʯȺڣӡΪֻʵĻûл缶ΪҪӳȫǳ롣
ŷ岻һ
ԼļƻҪϼˡ
ڹŷЩʱ˷ѾٴνʩųزֻǽŷУԼҲֵķС
ŷһѵʯײ˷ɻ缶ʣ޷ܵ
һĻ˹ŷ϶Ĵ𰸡
ֻ˲Ÿոճһʯֻķ϶֮Уƺ˵س룬ǼʯʱͳԱײʯײһü˱㵴
ֵķŷȻܵʲôǿ־Ȼ˼ҵŤѾԿ϶缶ʵȷǿԳǣҲˣ
ȴ룬޾ǿյеǴΣհ
һ۵ĲȻ;߱ǿֲþЩ缶ǿߣֵط
ٺ٣طô˵ξʯȺ䵱Уγô¾Щ缶Ҳûκһӵóġ
Ȼ˵ʲô棬Ҳ֪ʲôʹ࣬ʲôˣ
ŷ۵׵𾪣˷ɺٺһЦ˵Żŷ壬ȴҲ˵ȫʵ
ֻĻȴùŷһ棬ȻѺ˻缶
ҵ죡
ǿǻ缶
ŷʵɵۣû뵽캣绹ǡֱʡȻ缶ǿ߶ùѺ
Ҳʱ˷ǴŹŷһʯȺ䣬龰Ҳһһչ˹ŷǰ
ȷǳŷĴ
ңҲȷǿտޱȣޱܼʯǳԣȴֻŲ̫ǳŶӦó֮Ϊǳ
ǳ֮⣬һʯûУԵ÷ǳɾ
Ŷˣ¸£ӭΣ
Ȼһλ̶ŷУŷȥȴһʯ֮ϣϥһӰȻո˵ģλˡ
ŷ嶨һȻִ˾һֻûϸ˵ִ飬ͣϣϣݵֻʣƤˣ˿ͬһãԵ÷ǳֲ
ùã˷ʺá
ùŷǣȴɭȻ˷ɵĹùãŷ岢ûжעЩٿȻһǣŷĸо
ƺȫһԼĸо
ȻҲһԲ缶ǿߣ


917 
ǰݵñͬһˣӵͷ̧һ˫۷ףҲ֪ܲܿˣһȴһԲ缶ǿߣ
¸£СӣԴˣףһһǬ
ô̶Цͬײ֮һǺؿ˹ŷһۣʵ
ùãǸԽѺģţҪúÿǿһ¼캣š
˷ϴЩػش
Ŷ԰ŵİҵÿǱ׼Σ
û£ֻԭϥǿʯϵӰȻʧٳֵʱѾ˹ŷԡ
ŷߣ˵ɿݿֲ֣һѽŷֱ𣬶󣬹ŷܹޱظܵһޱĻ֮˳ֱԼڣë׶ûŹ
ֱ˷·ȫĸоŷǳϲ£òͷֻӲͷĲˬ̽Լˡ
ɣԭɭֲһ֮ɫɫ˫ۣȻʮꣿǬСԲ۷壿ڻл֮
ʵȷǷǳֲֻת˲֮䣬ͽŷʵ̽ð˾Ųʮˡ
ҲֻǾ޷̽ѡ
Сӣ˵˵СǴĶðģ츳ǰΪδδ˵
æתͷ˷ʵ
˷Σֻһһʮؽŷȫ˵˳
˵ŷȻʩչ˲ƣұһƷߵȴʦҩʦʱ׵˫۵УǾⱩ֮
֪ʲô˼ˣȥСӣаѡ񣡡
һչͬջʢ¶һɭֲЦݡ
ǺãСӾͽùˣҾȻȥˣ
˷ƺܲԸžɫؿԶǳһۺȭ˵ôһ󣬱æתȥ
ƣǳ˵ĺľһ
˷ߺһ˫ɫ˫ͫ˹ŷһۣҲ˵ֱӾŹŷֱۣһͳһǳ˹ȥ
ŷޱȱģƺδ⵽˴ġ
һǿʵȴʹãҾʹҲǰϹֻͬСһƾ˼ߣȴ
һ̾ŷɴȥЩˣĿ˷ɶǳȥ
ղλãǳһηǳ̵ľ룬ԹŷֻܿǳĴģ޷ľ
ǳֱ߷ֲСȴмǿŵڶǰǿС
Ȼ˵СҲ϶ڻҰ½ģǰţӦҰ½Сɣ
֮⣬ĵҲûʲôͨ嶼ǳʻƺɫûɫڡ
ŷѾܹ϶ǳ棬Ӧͨ嶼ɰɳӵȶǣûûֲûиɽˮ
Ҳ˵޴ɳĮ
ķٶǺܿģһ·ûŷ˵һ仰ֻһ˫йâһֱҲûʲô⡣
ܿ죬˱Ѿӽǳһ֮ôľ룬Զǳ󣬵ڿȻޱ߼ʵġ
ҲȻͬŷ²ǰ㣬ǳ֮ϣɳǣҿХûһǰģһУҰ½ĴɳǳƣȻĿɳ磬ȴҪ˲֪ٱ
ôݰɣǳǱХĿɳ֣
һУŷ嵹ûʲô̫ĸоǣǳѹʲô̶ȵģ
ܿ죬ŷõ˽͡
һӽǳʮ׷ΧһǿޱȵʱŷϮͬʱһޱȿֲѹȸҲŷУṳ̂ƬǳŷѾоԼ޷ˡ
⻹ֻһʼһɿŷͱǹǿ˽ȥ֮ǿ˵ӡˣǴ˿̹ŷڵûбӡҲֻվߣУ붼룡
֮ǣֲͬ˼ѹʱͽûκַĹŷѹȵòΪһ
ŷд󺧣ʱѾȫ޷ҾܹģҲֻĿɳ
˵ǬǿѾü첻ûˣܹҪģǬǿñȥ
̫ǿ󣬹ŷվ޷վֻſ˹ɳ֮ϡ
ΧХĿɳû¾޷ʩųԣǿɳȫ˶СССУϣҲѱɳմ
Χѹùŷ޷վֻܺƾɳԼ߿ס
ָоһĥڻãŷ޷ҪԼһһ»
˵һ㶼Ϊ
ȻʱŷȻоΧƺЩԾæѵ̧ƤӿȥȴͬһĺХɳӸҵòòٴα˫ۡ
ΧƺԽԽԾŷһæٴۣЩɳӻϵʹзۣǰȥ
һȻŷ巢쳣ֻԼǰȻһģӰԼ˹Ϊɳʵ̫࣬ŷ岢޷ǵӰӵľģϹŷȴܹоóӦǸˡ
æתͷ࣬ȻǱҲӰҷҲˡ
˵ЩӰضԼЩѡˣ
ֻǣ֪ƻǵ⣬ŷֱӦǺ߸һ㣡
ǣڱ˵Ǻ˸ɼˣǶûҲûԼ֪طּأκ˸ɼܣ
ңȻƷҩٻҲͬӡٻûκΰ
ͬʱӡģ洢֮⣬ƷռҲӡŷ޷ؽȥ
ȻҲֻǷӡһѣ۹ŷʲôóʲô⡣
ֻǣһйܷڴʱûʲôã룬ŷʵûһ֮
ȻŷһʵڲУǾֻⲫսˣ
ԼҪȥ
뵽ŷʱ侲۲ΧļӰŽͻĶԲߡ
ٺ٣ǺܾöûµĲ˰ǼҪҵˣ
Ȼһ紵ЩƮ˳ԴǹŷǰǵӰ
ڴ˵֮ǵӰģҲˡʱ򣬹ŷʱͱһ
˵ˣֻ˵״ѣһУȫ롮ˡ޹أ


918 ˡ
Ҫ˵ŷҲˣȴδˡ
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ֻǲһƣȻȴûһ˽¶еģֻһƬģòѪ⣡
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ģѪ⻹ʲôЩѪ֮ϣȫſŻɳǣһǶ뵽ǸõѪ⵱УܿŸ÷ŧŧˮһֻ̣ᱻµĻɳǶȥ
ȸó̶ȣòˣʲô۾ӡ͡䣬ѾŧģǴ˻ܹеĻէһضΪѾȥǧ꣬˸ʬ
ʵŷ֪һֲģʵΪֵط̫ãԭǿھþû󣬵ʧȥӦеǿ͡
ĿɳޱǿԽκһŽױԴµ˲˺ѣǣö֮ڿɳƻ£Ҳͳôһˡģ
ǶѾʮͷҲžŸøҲǰɣ
ʱŷٴһԼԼŷȥǱ߼ӰҲֳ䱾ģһ⣬ȫǡˡӣ޷ӱԱԵüΪֲ
˵ҲŲʮһͷѣҵģ
һҲࡣ
ʮĸҵģ
Ȼʮ߸һٸͷԶҵģ

һʱ䣬ЩݺԱ˷׷״ǲɿҷǼӰѾһҧһڣҧһڣ˫˫ߣ˳Ϊԭʼش򶷡
ģʱضܳˣܹôʱģҲǬϵΪ
ȻǬǿߣȴչСһش򶷣ȻɱҲǿģһҧȥһ鸯ŧ
ŷû³˵Ҳ֪£ҲֻܹȡĴ򶷷ʽһԼȻҪЩⲫս
ʵ̫ˣŷʵ޷ҪǴԼ¶մЩ˵ĸŧˮ󣬻᲻ֱӶȥ
ƺҲܵҲǼ˵ĸȾЩӰҲʼΨǰֻһӰʱѾ˾ŷֻ׵λãǹɸõĶʱģͬĹĸʬһ㡣
󷽺ҷ˴ˣŷҷ
ĿǰԼΨһҪľǰˣֻߵ˴֮ǰԷһˡ
ԷӽŷѾܹؿԷ⵱ĻɫŧˮȻԷһƬѪģǹŷȴԷǸõѾֿ¶ǷƵݡ
ٺ٣С䵱ҵڶʮͷɣģҳＯһٸͷ뿪֮һλġ
˺ٺһЦõͻȻŹŷץٶȿƺֵطȴԵ÷ǳ졣
ŷڴ˵ʱ򣬾ѾһзԷֳ̧ԼץʱһһʱһͳС
Ȼó֮󣬹ŷԼˡ
Ϊѹʵ̫ǿ󣬵ԭʱȴشǧ򹫽һ㣬ٶȲĶټŷ廳ԼڵٶǲǱţ첻˶٣
ֵ̧ĶͺǷŻƵã˻˵ǹˣ¾ҪԷʮ
һ£ŷҲΪЩͷûˣԭôԭ
ֻǣѵԼҪԷȥⲫ
ŷθʱӿԼܶģֻ˫ֺ˫ţٶҪЩӵĻ϶ûЩ˿ġ
ҧҧʵû취֮£׼ͶԷӲƴĹŷ壬Ȼ뵽ʲôжʱ
֮ͻ֮Զӡ޷ʹãǣȴֻ޷ʹöѣʹ޷˶
Ҳ˵ֻҪ֮ͻ֮ڹģһʹʩŵ⣬ܹˣ
뵽㣬ŷѹסͷĿϲæһԼ²⣬ܲܳɹ
ŷڣǼʮѨڹŷ֮£׷ɢһޱµĹâ
ɹâ໥ںϣַԲʮ׾ԼƿصеĸоҲʱ˹ŷͷ
˲ƣȻʹã
ŷпϲ˼Լ֣æó˲ƣŷӰҲ˲ʧԭء


919 ƭͼıϣ
˵֣ۿҪץŷˣҲǻһ˿˷ܡ
ָոձС񣬻ûӦѹл׻ɱġ
Ѻ˶֪˭ֻҪＯɱһٸˣＯһٸ˵ͷ­֮󣬱»ˡ
ȻɱޱȼѣҲһػɵϣԣÿ춼ᷢɱĴս
ȻѺģʵΪ࣬ټʱˣӦĻ֮ɱһˣ졣
Ǹոչؽ˾Ͳͬˣ׻ɱģԵ˱ѺΧЩˣӵֻΪܹȡһͷճＯһٸȻػɡ
͵˷ܣŴԼǲҪǼòɿļҲ˵ʱ򣬺ȻǸϸƤС񣬾ȻԼƤӵͻȻʧ
һȻסԴҲЩתǵʮ֮Ĺŷʱиǳ
ȻҲֻԼܹо޷˫ûƤġЩӵпʲôġ
ҲҺǬ㹻ǿ¶û£ȴû̫ܵӰ졣
Ҫͨˡ
Թ
ŷ˲Ƴɹ֮ѹסͷĿϲٳɣ˲չٶȣĶֲĵط
ʱ˿ǳ׸߶ȵλãһƵӰĿ·
ö˵ȻǸˡ
ʵոչŷ屻ǼΧסʱѾʱԮĴ㡣
ȻڹŷȥʱЩ˲ʱǲֵġ
ĿģҪùŷȴùŷп־Դﵽܲסĥ캣ľ
Ȼû뵽ǣӡ֮󣬹ŷȻܹʩչ˲ƣһ
ѵʩչ˲ƣǲĻ֮ģ
Ҫ֪ĸԲ缶ǿʩչ˲ƣǻӦһֻ֮ġ
˲Ƶľĵл缶ǿ߶֪顣
ҲΪˣڷӡŷ֮󣬲ŲᵣĹŷ˲룬ֻǿ궼ûϵǣŷʩչ˲ƣȴѹͲҪκ
ֻҪһ֮ĳµ֮󣬱ܹʩչˣ
ǼȲģ룬̲סͷӰһֱӼ˲ƣ׼ٴʩչһ˲ƵĹŷԡ
ΪȻǲܵѹӰ죬ֻʩųһ֣ԷֹЩͿɳȻһ֣һѽŷٿץ
Ҳ˵ץסŷ֮ͽŷУŷڵһԱһһʮȫ̽
Ϊɵǣоŷڵǻ֮ûһ㣬ӡҲûκɶļҲ˵ˣŷոǼ˲ƣĵȷȷûκģ
ǣôܣ
ģ
𾪺;ɣ˲ƣ״μ
ѯ֮ʣȻӦŷɻ֮ƺԼĲһ
ƺǾȣǱԼĵܵĶߣ
һǬӵл֮ҲͰˣ侫ȣȻԼĵܵܶߣ
񲻾˵ӵеĻ֮Ϊ߶˵Ŀ
һ֣ٴ𾪲ѣʵ󲻳˸߶˵Ļ֮ŷ嵽λõģ
˵֮ǴӺζ
ŷʵ
ﵱУǲε̰ҪǡҪԼ˴ӵĻ֮ǴӺζԼҲܹյĻԼʵǾܹһٳԼĵܵ꣬Ϊǿߣ
Բ缶֮ʵ֣յĻ֮ģԴ˿̣ڹŷڵĻ֮Ѿ˼̰֮ġ
Ҫڵ޷յĻ̰֮µܺԥŷɱȻȡ
ٿץסҲ˵Ĺŷ壬Ļٿǲε̰֮ɫʱﻹ᲻֪뷨
Ĭһᣬͷ֮ʣŷȻڵʵ֮˶ֲ֮ӵеġ
˶ֲ
ʱһæٴʣ˵յģҼǵãϻûĸܹնֲİɣǲӵʲôţ㽻
˵ţһֻɿõ־쵽˹ŷǰϵľϲ̰ôҲβס
նֲѹͲֶοģŷضӵʲô취ţŵ
˵ԼҲܹϰȷţʱԼҲͿӵ־ȵĻ֮ˣ
ûʲôţȫԼĥġ
ŷޱ飬˵Ҳĥһ֮ΪѸͣڰʮ䣬ӵǬСԲΪ
Ŷģ˵˵
ԭʧȥ飬²˿ϲ
ˣҲ޷˵ʾһ飬Ҳܹˡ
ŷû¶κ쳣ص
ϵĿϲʱһͣһĨɳ֣ʾһ飿ʾСӲǺŪҵİɣ㣬ҪҺŪңһ⵽ΪʹĿ̣
ˣСҲŶΪĸҺŪǾ仰˵˵ģҲӵҵȣӶΪǿߣôʾʾˣ
ŷ˵
ȻܸоŷĻЩԾһҲǣԼһԲ缶ǿߣƾԼǰˣʲôأ
ŷǷеĲԾ׵˾⣬æʵʾֲûЩ
ƺ뵽ʲôһָ·ŤͷʵֲûУвУ
ŷ嵱ͷһ˿ϲɫǲɫصȻԡֻҪΪǿģΪͬȣ߱һģ޷յġ
ԭҲҪˣΪԼҲ֪
ʱѱµһɱΣҲûйȥŷ廰Ĵ©ҲԣֱץסŷһͷɳǳȻֱӳŵڶǳ˲ƹȥ
ᣬŷͱڶǳ֮ŷĿȥǳģһһģһȫɳХ硣
Ȼ˼ʮǬߣ޷ʮ룡
ӦþǹѺ켶ǿߵ˰ɣĻǿǳǹѺ缶ǿߵĿ
ûٴŹŷ彵ȥǳɳ֮ɨһۣȻһ̧֣һӰͲس߼ٷ
ˣ˵Ϊ㹻˰ɣھͿʼʾϣոԶʵ
ɫ֮ͫУȻһĺâ


920 ƭͼı£
Ӱģ֮ǰġˡһģһ
ãŻɫճŧˮҪ˫ͬЩ˵ӵ͸¶ſ־ĻԲΪȻһˣ
عŷûж˵ʲôˣֻ鵭صͷ˵˿ˣҪˣȻ󣬻Ҫڵķӡ⿪
켶ͽԼͻȻץͳ˿־ģ׵׳ʲô£ץԼʲô
󣬵ŷ⻰һ˫һ֮ͫУʱ¶˼Ⱦֵɫֵ̿غҡҲ֪ҵ׷ʲô£ΪҪɱңΪҪɱң
ǲ˶ԣǴǰЩ£ǧζǱ
ǣָһһâƵâüģȻ˵ĺȻֹò
һʱµһɱģԼʵžԵģڻɱ˴֮ɶûУһ֣ƽ˹ŷڵķӡ
ʱһɽ񱩵ٴڹŷӿ֣Ӵŷˬغ˿
ڿʾ˰ɣ
ɫͫ׶Źŷ壬˵
ŷûжˣۻָ֮һ֣˵ʬ壬ɵ˹ŷǰ
󣬹ŷƤӵ£һ֮ͻ֮㻯â˲˴ڡ
ٽţ˵ۿɼٶȿٸɿţ꣬ҲǿĸӦ֮£𡭡
Ӧ˵Ӧ˵룡
ƤȻɴ󣬷·𿴼ʲô˼һ㣬Ϊֿ֮ƺʲôӳ׸ɿݵʬɳȫһӦȻ֣ģȻӵмŨϢԼ
ȷʲôΪƺ˹ŷ֮⣬ϣûܹӦġ
Ȼ޷ȷҲǲµЩʲôģٿŷУȻЩ̰Щ־塣
Ȼ־壬ǿ־ŷʵǿ־ħһ
ƺҲֻԵħܹһ˵˫˫ȡİɣ
ֱŷ彫ڣ˹˫ۻȻԲɣһѽŷץס˵ոģνĻ֮ǴӸոõģ
ΪûдӦκλ֮Ĵڣ
ŷԣһЦΪθӦΪ֮ͻ֮ѹͲǴõģҾ㣡
ȻЩŷȻ˵װǳصˣոѾ÷ǳˣҾû֮Ž˵˳ġ
˴˵֮Ҳܹõǰʮ֮һľҵΪҲ˳ɳġ
Ϊûл֮ȴܹеõԼҲΪǿӦ֪İɣ
ŷĵһЦȴԼҲ˵һ졣ôǰʮ֮һľ
Ҫ˵ĻԼÿһΣûɱʮ˿
ʵ¶룬Ҳܹе©
źǣ˿ȴǸû˼ȥɹŷ廰ʵԣΪոһʵʤ۱磬ʵҲʲô͹ŷΪʹ˰ǿΨܹͣ˵ͨ
ܹܲתƣ
ƺ뵽ʲôæʵ
еҲתΪΣŹŷ壬ȴĻش
ŷԥصͷеĿϲҲԽԣϲԣ죬תƸңҲܹյ֮Ļҵ˸񵣱һᱣ
˸
ŷ죬ȴֿ˻
һУڰԼƷչš
ŷҲϻֱһ֣֮㳯ɹȥ
ǣ¼䣬ΨйŷһܹӦõʱתƸ֮Ȼһ̺
ȴֻǰȡʮ֮һѣ
ܴܲлȡ֮ͻ֮
Ǿ͸Цˡ
֪Щŷ˦ֶ֮һ˫ææһ֣ͽ뵽Լǰ
ſӦһ£֮ǰϢȷ޶֮󣬲ٶ룬ͽԼڡ
һڣ˫ۣȻȫʼ̽еİ
ŷȴҲûгʱߣʵʵվһԣȴ깤
˶ԴŻأ
ո˾ųɣʵǶԲԼһ⣡


921 Դ󣬴ϣ
ŷһԵȴţɱ̽š
ڹŷע뵽ڵ֮ʵ̫٣Ӷѣɢںһ
һ켶ǿߵʮ֮һܹһͨˣһӾԴһסȴڵһ˿˿ûС
ȻǣעģעģܻܲþĻ֮
ȻȻޱʧģĵٴ̽˺Щ飬ȴûзһ֮ĴڣϲҲ𽥵
ȷǻ֮õģ
Ȼ͵תͷ˫ۻŹŷ壬һһٵʵ
ŷʱ¶һ˿ãҲر϶ÿһһ֮뵽ҵ档
ŷⷴر϶Ļȴ˹ŷĻ
ݺһҧһٳԽԼĵܵ꣬Ϊµһǿ飬кɫһȫգҪյģ
˵꣬ͬצƵһӣһѪģӰٴη˹ûеȹŷ˵ֱӽ˻ɱ
ŷҲϻ֮ͻ֮ͬʱڣȻͼ˵ۿɼٶήš
֮ͱ˹ŷڡ
Ʒռ䵱еŷĸ˾ͱˡ
֮ԼҲԱ֤㹻켶ˣ
ȻǰҪʲôС
һУŷֿû¶һ˿Ե÷ǳƽ
ǳüոտǿ÷ǳûʲô¶ΪδӿԴлû֮Լȴأ
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ŷǰһ仰Ͳᡣ
ǺǾ䡮޵Сȴһӻһǣ˫৵һͨ
ҼҽһҪ⵽ô£ģ
ʱͬǶĺ۵ķͽȫȻûһ˿ֵķ緶ŭһ֮裬ʱ±һʮӰ׷ǰ
ȻЩ˾ǳɴؽЩ˵һ˫˫תŷ壬Уѿһ˿ǡ
ԴˣŷȻܾǿѹҪЦĿϲǿװ򶨵һע֮ͻ֮֮Լ̷ɳ
Ȼ͵ŷ׼Щ֮ʣȴǺȻֱֹӽЩתƵҵڣ
ŷжʱһոתƵڵģֻб켶ʮ֮һȫתƵڣ϶ᱻֶߡ
ʱԼһƶ¶Ľ죬ҲԼļˡ
аתŷ尵Լ侲ȴװΪ֮ɫ˫֮£ŻڵˣҲԸ⣬ֻǡ
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ΪΣҲ֪ƺҪȾڣתƳȥû⣬ȻΪ˲ɢ
ŷ·ûпŲŵɫ˵һ֮ͻȻһҧ˵ֵܵΪǿԭɣǴӦǲ˲ûΪģ
˵ţŷֱþȥ;ûһ˿һԥҲʵı顣
ǣŷģȴеĺɾȥת˳ɡ
͵֮ʣæһֹ̧֣ͣǰ
ˣȾڣתƵҵڰɣ
޷¶ģ˵Źŷ⻰Ҫ̫һ㣬Ϊŷվû£ֱվأ
ֻоŷ֮û⣿Ҳ̫һɣ
ǣһŷܴлþĻ֮Լȴ޷յֹȴҲȥðˡ
˻ŷȻһǿĴʯҲ
һأǾհҪǸոԼʵôһĵĻôԼһУ¶ˡ


922 Դ󣬴У
һĹŷ壬ûжԣһ
ڣողŵķʮ֮һ֮ȫսƷռ䵱С
·ɵǰ
زٳˣգȻ˫ۣ˵ȫӦе̲̺֮
ӹȥƵ˫ۣоǷ֮ɫȻƺԤڸͲմߡ
һǿѹзһ˫ɫ˫Źŷ壺ֻЩͿԻû֮ˣûʲôķ
⻰ʱ˫˿ŷ˫۵ģֻҪŷ¶κһ˿쳣׽
ʧǣŷо̹Ȼ֮ɫʻԥصͷشûЩûʹʲôЩĻ֮ˡ
ŷر𽫡ּ˵ģȻĻ֮⼸֣˫ٴα̡
۵ͬɥʧǵĶͽһ֣һ˵ո
ŷȻԥȴǽԼڵһ˿˿֮ͻ֮뵽棬ҪһֱһôĻ²ĻɣԼĿҲ޷ﵽˡ
Ȼ֮ͻֻ֮һ˿˿ѣ¶޷һѨİٷ֮һôʹˣҲûκô
Ҳǰ㣬ŷ彫֮תƵԼǰʱֱӽաΣϵķȴǲٳ֣תֵģϲ
ȻУ
пϲźţһ˫ɫͫеľϲôҲβס
ʵ˿ֻҪ΢Щǣе©
˵ȫԲµ⾫Ļ֮ǹŷ彫Լڵע뵽Ҳ˵
źǣ˿̸Ͳ뵽ЩеģֻµһΡ
Ǿ˼Ļ֮𽥳ǿ֮УлţҪһԼܹл֮ľȶĻô¾궼ԼĶ˰ɣ
ԽԽ˷ܣԽԽǼ
漴͹˲ȥŷ˵ʲô˲ȥϸɿݵ˫Ӷʣİ켶ߣ޲˲
ĿתԼʱ򣬹ŷֵ֪Լϳˡ
ǿѹеϲ⣬ŷ˵ʼЩڵ֮ʱһʮ׷ӿŷڣȻʮ䣬Ψйŷ̶ܹܵ
˸켶ߵ֮棬ŷ嶼עȵ֮ͻ֮棬ԴΪ׼
ûⷽ飬˶˻֮ľ棬Ͳ뵽ԼյЩ֮ȴǹŷʩѡ
Щ缶ǿߵܹܲգ
õЩôе̰ҲͲ켶ô֮ˣЩ֮󣬱æ̧ͷʵ
˻ŷ޲ǿЦ
ԵģΪԽǿߣյĻ֮ԽǶࡣ
ŷæش
õŷ϶ػشһץŷļ򣬾ֱʩչ˲Ƴŵǳȥ
ԶԶģŷܹܵǳĿֲҲѹŷ˿ỳɣҪûһԱԼĻԼͱ˹ȥȻѹˡ
ѹҲʵֲ̫һ㣬ȻΪûбӡ˵ѹʲôѵ顣
Ȼ͵ŷΪԼԷЩ缶ǿڵ֮ʱȴǺȻֳһ˿֮ɫϵĿϲ͵ɥʧ̰Ҳһ㡣
ŷжʱһΪǲǷʲôʱȴƬ̺һҧݺݶԹŷСӣס飬㲻ɶκûУ
ǴЩ缶ߵ飬Ҫ㵨ἰߣһڻϣ
ŷʱһɣԭ°Ҫ˵һ˵أ
ŷĵһЦظ֤İɣˣֻҪ᲻ٽҹؽȥұ֤ؿƿ˭Ҳἰģ
ŷ˻һ˿Ǿȥһ̶Цͷû⣬ֻҪյ־Ļ֮ºһᵥѺط
ҪҽȴǲܵģҲֻܱ֤㲻⵽Σնѣ


923 Դ󣬴£
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һЦԼĿģֽһ
ŷͷ㳹˾ģſ̽һһĿ꣬˫裬ʮ֮Լٳǿǳ档
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ûκεֿԼǰԼȡڵʱԹŷľ˿̶Ǽ΢
û˱ȹŷףһԼ˴ڵ֮Լõεȵĺô
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ԣҽȳ֮һ˵
ʵŷȫԷ񶨣Ӷƻץ缶ǿԼա
ȴͻȻ뵽ʱԼЩ缶ȫ֮᲻Ϊ˲Ϣ͸¶ȥӶԼɱأ
ԣΪԷһʱһȵĺá


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ŷһҧæˣҵȷ˼ˣֻ룬̫һ㣬ҩҲӦ֪һǾƷʦҩʦҾʱҩܲƳʮƷҩ
ңԴΪһûǸʵȥܣҲɵӵЩʯȥġ
ԣȻŷ屾ƺһƷߵȴʦҩʦңʲôӺͼҩЧҩºһͷɣҲûܣҾͲӡΪˣڱһ¯ҩưɡ
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˵ʵ治ô̫˷ɵĻΪǿ˵ġ
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ŷһЦͷȭǵģˣܹƳʮƷʦҩĻ룬ΪӦöǿ𵽲СЧġ
ŷһ˫ɫͫȻ̬ΪеʵԤܹͻƵʮƷʦ
ŷƺϵдһʣ˼Ƭ̣Ȼŵصʮ꣡


925 һһ
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ԣŷĻŲƵһ𾪣ȻԥصʮꣿãҾ͸ʮʱ䣡
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ģʮİգ
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ٶ룬ŷʯİΧУʼҩ

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Ϊһʼĵ׾͸оƺ͸һɲԾĸо
ȻµҲûײԾȴҲԹŷ峹׷ˡ
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ʱ䣬˲֪ƣҩдҴš

ʮ֮һɥɫ˫ۣ۹ŷ壬ڲͣҩҲ˵ֱӼ˲ƣ˹ŷڵʯ⡣
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һˣ֮ǰôǿǣһɱǣԭǻ½İ
ѵͲֻ֪֮ĿزĻ¾٣ҲһӦȻյİ


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˼һᣬйŷԼΪһҧץһ缶ǿգ˵һԼ֪ܵ󣬱ضŹԼǣȵԼڵĻ֮ȫת˭
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Щ㹻ÿһͷԴͻƵǬˣܲܳɹֻһεĽΡ
һУŷʶƷռ䵱ɳڷеһۣ漴ϥ£һοʼҩ֮á
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ţҲʦǰǸ߶ȣ

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ûյĳˮƽеģֻһļž
¾Щͨˣ϶һݺ͵ǣҰֻسԱȫһĳ֮ɫ
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ǵģԴӹŷ屻յץ֮󣬻Ұֻظ߲㣬ûһ߳´ģû˭ȥϢȫȴǱߵϢ
졢졢ս졢ġܸԶȵˣҲȫȴڴˣ࣬˵ȴ١
죬´УǴڴɫȴʲôΪĽһԣҪ̽鵽ŷľϢҪʮʱ䡣
죬ǵʮ죡
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˶Ըȥ˵Ļ¾ǻԼҲһҪɱ캣磬ǣΪŷ屨ѩޣ
һԽԽʱ򣬺Ȼ͹Ļһ΢Ĳ˶ͷһ𣬶׷̧۳Ǳ߿ȥһӰҲҴҵس߷
Ϣˣ
ֻǡǺϢǻϢأ
ĵ׶ҿ϶Уȴ޲Ρ


927 Ӧ
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ľͲ̾˿üͷɷսˣҲԽɫԽѿ
ȴ룬ȴһȻû缶ǿ߶ĵطСΪǰȥǡǻ֪أ
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Ŀ࣬߸ߴͦñֱϣ˿ͷ·һһ㣬ȻûʩųκƣѹȴԵޱѹ֣¾Ǭǿڴˣ¶оѡ
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ܽŷǺҼǶôǿʰҸظ˵¾ʮӣȲһŷ壡
һ漱ˣ˶֪ǶԼôһǶôġȻȴǵô˵棬ֱ˵ʮԼӶȲһŷ壬ɼĵȷȷǶԹŷġ
ҲҺôʱﲢڴˣȻԼүүȻ˵Ļ·ζըȥ
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ǣĽͺȴ΢΢ͷͬȥԮŷ壬ͬһ˵ֻҪŷʱ䷢չһˣԵֵϰ켶
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ԣһĻǸһһĿߣȴֻ΢΢üûκ⶯ļ
ȻͬһĽ顣
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һϽһĽ컹ܽ飬֪϶Ѿ¶˾ģȥȹŷ壬ǾԲܵ顣
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ºãʧ˹ŷ壬Ҳͬúպλ缶˰ɣ
վڹŷǱߣֵܻɱͲˣ
ԽԽʱȻ޳ɣټϱͶĽǲˬһˢһվֱָĽıӾŭŷ˵ϺͿҿȻû
ͺպ㻹Ҫסëѡվڹŷߣ
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һ˵ûҵȷϺͿˡҪҵǸС塭֮һжҵԭ򣬰պºԼҹĶУûйõĺ
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ܣ
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ĽޱͳϿҵĻһҲû˵ȥ
ֻһŤͷٶ˵ʲôˡ
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ʱСԺŮ˫˫Ժеһʯ֮ϣŵһѩĳЩͼ
Ǵؿʯ֮ϵļ뷹ˣ
ٿʯ֮ǰ֮䣬һĻĻƺֻһ֣߶˻Ψмǿհ׵ġ
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ȻѾһڹŷ廹ع飬ôǶȥѰҡ
һ֮ڡ

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һ죬ŷȻ˫ۣͬǿհ˫У͸¶ŷĵϲ
һ²߲ݵŬڽ죬ڴ˿̣ͻƵ˾Ʒߵȴʦҩʦĵز
ƷߵȣҲǵʦĸ߶ȡ
ȻⲢص㣬صǣԼڿȵͻ˱켶֮󣬱ѰǡĻ忪Ȼع飡
뵽˴ŷԺ֮У㲻ŮգҲطһЦݡ
ٶ룬̧ۿ˿һȷ¶˾ģһˣûֹͣ״ɸŷ崴ľ
ȷӦòᱻ֮󣬹ŷûκͣ٣һѾ׼õһҩƷռ䵱˳
һȫʮƷҩɵҩȻԹŷĿǰ϶޷׽ҩҩЧȫģضʧ󲿷ҩЧֻһС֡
һС֣ȴҲ㹻Ƴ֪ҩˡ
ҩС굤ԭʮƷʦģڴﲻǸ̶ȣǾǰ˸μ֮Ϊμ굤
ʵֵҩŷҲȷܲĸ֪Ͼδ˳Թ
ǣĿǰƺһ֮⣬취ˡ
оһ£ŷҲٳɣ㿪ʼƹ
ǹŷ״ҩҲ״ôƷҩӳΪҩʦʼûһʧܵĹŷ壬һȴ״ʧˡ
ֻΪҩҪļɺַʵ̫һ㣬ʦµдУŷ弸ѾȫѧᣬҪҩҪԼС
󣬹ŷҪʮƷʦҩʦĵزҲȫԼŬˡ
һ¯ʧܡ
ڶ¯ʧܡ
¯ʧܡ
ʧ˴Լʮζûгɹֱʮεʱ򣬺Ȼһ˵ŷıǿ֮УȻҩ͵ش򿪣һ̾Ө͸ҩҩ֮ڷ˳ڹŷǰš
ǰžӨ͸ӡźΰƷͼĴμ굤ŷһ
ԥһץŵҩſ죬˸С
ҩһŷܵһޱҩ˲ԼɢֲԼÿһط¾ΪϸСë׶ûзŹ
漴ŷޱظоԼƤ֮ϣƺѾһԼ˾޷ӦġͬɫϣԼϢΪҲɲǼʧ޼
ŷʱѣҲ룬ʩųԼȫϢҲһʱ̣ǱߣȻ˫ǵ˫ۣ৵һ³߿
УǻŨŨɱ
ŷɺö˶˵ԭصʱɱһգ΢΢üŹŷ壬ţǲԼЩ̫˵Եʣŵ¸ոͻȻʧȥ˶ԹŷĸӦأ
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929 켶ӣ
ûʲôӦŷͷȴðһ亹
ոʵ̫ˣҪԼķӦһ룬¾ͱˡ
һŷ㿪ʼִμ굤ȷʹ÷һᣬʹ÷ǳ򵥣ֻҪƼɣûʲôرķ
ңһŴμ굤Чܹ֮ãò˵ֵҩʵǿúܡ

ŷ΢΢ü˵ʵ̫ãֻǲ֪£ԼܲͻƵ켶
ˣˣҪĻͻƵǬԲ˵
ȵͻƵǬԲ֮ĶͻƱ켶ĶõĻҲֻԼˡ
ŷϥʼ״
˵ʵȴǾȫ֮ŷΪľҲȫյУٶȶš
ͬʱʱ򣬹ŷҲʱעǱߵĶ
ΪԼΪע⣬ŷֹͣȻ취
˵ǣμ굤ҩЧȷǿ֮ڹŷ弴ͻƵǬԲʱȴûκβùŷ岻˿
ǳ˳һʱ䣬ŷΪ˳˳ͻƵǬԲزҲûκηӦ
ΪͻƵǬԲԭŷΪ޷֮˵ģϾǸͻƵ켶ĶԼûΨֶ򣬲пܼΪ
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ûʲôϰһʱʱ֮̿Լûиһʱ䣬ǲġ
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ʱ䣬ҲַպУҴš

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ŷ˷ȻԵģҲѲĵطһߣʼȫ׼ͻơ
ʱһһȥڵҺ߲Ǭ֮Ҳת̬ҲŹŷǣŷʣҲԷٶȱǿš
Ҳ֪˶ãȻŷȻһһޱµĸоȻ֣µĸоùŷ·ΧһжΪһƵģ棬޷
ҲҺͻƵ켶ͻƵǬǰ㣬ֹĶֻڲ֪оͻˣԲûľ
һ֮󣬹ŷȻ˫ۣ˫оһһɱ֮ǰʮĸоùŷһţǰ֣Լʱܹ׵ؽƿ
ʱȻŷֻоԼǰ͵سһӰ׼ǿĹŷ壬кȻһͣжװã̧ͷ
ùŷԤûг֣ϲʧɥı飬û¶ʲô쳣
ŷﲻ˿ΪԼͻƣأμ굤ǿúܡ
ŷ̧ͷ׼ȥץŷļȴǺȻͣڰ;֮УɵؿŹŷ壬ɻصôоƺϴЩһˣ
˵ô˵Ӧһ֮ȴûеȴŷĻشΪûڹŷϷʲô쳣ĵطΪ϶Լﾫ̫ѷ˵ԭ򣬲ŵ³ϴθ֪ɣ
ҲΪͲ뵽ŷȻƳһܹĸ֪ȥҩҲ뵽ŷڶ̶һµʱͻǬԲȻͻƵ켶
ͻƵ켶ǿҪĳͶģڹŷʣһͻǬԲ˶򣬲Ҵﵽ˱켶
ٶ룬оɵ˫ٴ΢ʧȥǵĶͽ
Ȼһץŷļ򣬾ƿ֣ŵǳȥ
ŷȻ֪ҪȥģڸԼͻƲûбֵͬʱҲѾһ֮Լʱһ뿪طˣ
ţܿ죬˱ٴ
ùŷû뵽ǣȻл缶ǿߵĴڣԼҲԼо˶ԷϢΪԼΪ˱켶ԭɣ֮ǰЩ缶ǿߵϢԼ޷Ӧġ
ȻҲֻѣȻӦǳ˵ʣ缶ͽˡ
ûκζ˫һӣٵ֮ɽ棬ŷȻ˼ȻҪһԽ缶ɱˣ
ŷҲ뷨Ȼô缶ɱˣҲ
˵ԼҲܹѰҵȡ־ȵĻ֮ˣʱҲͲں᲻ᱻ˸ˣ
Ҳò˵⻹һֶͽ̬
ܿ죬˾ͱ֮ץ˹ǵģҲֻ˵ӣּǿ߶ôһģ治ö춼־ĵط
ৡ
ʮʮ׳ȵâ̳һȫˣޱȳס
ȥɲǣŷ׼õ֮ͻ֮׷׳ڣǵ
һΣŷûģˣҲں֮ͻ֮
˵漴ӹŷתƵ˳Ȼɵǰ
սڣӦ־ȵĻ֮֮ϵɥʧҲתΪϲ
εϲ֮ǰȴҪƽࡣΪÿζڴÿζʧԭɡ
Щ֮ٴץŷļ˲ƣת۱뿪
ӿʼǾ侪֮⣬һֱŷ¹Ѻû˵һ仰ŷؽ֮ͣػصԼĵطʼһֵ
һϵзĶŷȻ죬ҡҡͷϥʼȫͻƺǿ
ڵҺ̬߲ʻ֮ȫת̬߲ʱ֮֮⣬֮ͻ֮ѨҲֱһٰʮҲʮѨˡ
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Ȼǰǣ֮ЩǺ棬ûԼĳڡ
ûʦĴУӦҲûǰôˡ
ŷƣ»Ҫʮʱ䣬ԼܹӦ켶ǿʵʱҲԼı뿪ʱˡ

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ȻּĻ缶ǿߣŷ廹ûжĵģߣӦû⣡
ֻǣƤӵߣȴһùŷ弫Ϊͷ۵⡣
ֻҪԼһ뿪ʯΧضͻ֣ᷢʵ׷Լʵ̫ˣǡ
ŷһ˿⣬ǣԼܹ˿˲ƾ˲
˵ʵҲʲô޷ɵ飬ͻƱ켶ĵڣµĸоùŷڿռɸӼһ
ԣŷȻûгԣ˲ƾ룬ȴѾﵽ˴Լ׵ĳȡ
أ˲ƾʮңֻҪԼٽ˲ƾʮףȫƤӵˣ
˵ףǻһѡ
˲ƣʵҲûбļɣҪҪΧһУ˵ǿռǢ̶ûдﵽǸ׼
ԣΨһ;ռİ֮ڡ
ҲҺùŷҲⷽľ飬˫ۣʼȫΧһУκһϸ΢֮Ź
˲˲ƣΨнԼƬصһ֣ܹÿһؽ硣
⶯ģɵġ
ŷԺл˲Ƶİ뾫ʱ䣬ٴβ֪š
Ҳ֪˶ãȻϥԭصĹŷ壬ӰͻȻ䵭ԽԽԽԽģֱӾͳԭʧȻǣϢȴʼմԭصУ
ʱע⵽Ļضɴ˫ۣȻ󾪺ġ
Ϊŷ״Բ缶ǿ߲ܹں
ΨƬںһ𣬲ܹȥκһȥĵط
ȻƵģҪĳ̶ȸߵˡ
Թ
ʱŷ岢֪ԼʱѾԭʧӰʱһޱµľ統С
ŷǼߵģѭǰ˲ƵԴͷԼʱŷٴν˵˲Ƶ״̬֮С
ȻһΣȴҪϴνøΪ͸ռһУҲܵøΪ
ŷȻޱ˷ܵģܿѹеһһޱϲ״̬ȫţԼΪĲ˳ֺòײŽľ統С

˫۵ĵһֲõԤг֡
ʼΪӦԼʱ̫ţ̫ųֵĻþ
Ȼʱһãʼ
ǣָӦŷϢɰشԭأûŲ֣ûԼ˻þɣҲû˫ȥŷ巽򿴡
ʱܹŤͷŷĻһֹᷢŷĿǰ״̬ġֻǣΪ϶Լֻþͷȴʧȥηֹŷıʱ
ֱ֮ȻоŷһֱԭϢէȻڼʮ֮֮ʣŻȻ˫ۣ𾪶ֲ˼ؿȥ
ȴʯ֮ϵ𣬵Ψû˹ŷӰ
æתͷȥֻʯУһӰ˸ǰȻԵ÷ǳǱǣȴǵӰޱϤǸСӡŷ壡
죡ӽȥģȻȷ˲ûǡΪ˲Ƶľ룬Լ˿
гŵغȻȫ޷ŷģ޷󣬹ŷǬСԲʵĵӵҽ뵽ȥģ
ŷٴ˲Ƴʮҵľ֮էȻѣȻðŭѾˣڹŷһ̣Ѿˡ
ԭһУ쵰Сƺ˵ġ
Լȴɵɵرǣűߣ


930 룡
ŭģǴһʼԼͱŷǣűߡ
ԼµһΣֻԼζѣʲôɱˣڻȡ֮£ѹһƭ֣
Լɵɵرˣˣ
ȻΪ⼸Լȥ־ȵĻ֮ȴûκһ㷴Ӧأ
ΪҪǣΪÿÿɱһˣڵʱȴҪŷڣܹתƵԼأ
ѵ˲һɣ
ȻǷ񶨵ģҲ˵ԼÿõЩȵĻֻ֮ǹŷ쵰Сӵʩѣ
ԣ
ʩᣡ
͸벻Ͳ
Լɵü£ͷȴԭһж˼ҵʩѣñͷ˺üµױ˳
رǣԼð˷ǳգһ귢Щ缶ǿȫȥ˵Ļ£ԸԼ׽㣬⵽ͷ
쵰Сӣߣ
һŭرҪùŷСӳɹԼƤӵߵĻҲͷˣԼƵҿײ
֮ʱӰҲǼ˸ƽٶȣͳŹŷ׷˹ȥ
Ҳ֪ŷһֱٶ˲ƵĻԼ׷ʮģܹ׷ϡ
ڹŷȴǲŸոս뵽ʯȺ䵱УԹŷǬСԲΪֻҪ⵽ʯײĲʹûдĵشҲˡ
⣬Ҳܹ׷ϹŷСӵΨһϡ
ʱ֪ӦΪֻǹŷ֮ΪĻ֪θ룬һΪŷļʽӽˡ
ŭȻǲκЧģŷٶȳ˲ţӰȻЩǱ˼ᶨ޾塣
ŷתۼ˲پ룬˿ɣҲ˵ģֻǴŻŭŹŷ׷϶ȥ
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˵ʯܼĵطҲֻ˲ȥģһ£Ҳֻһ˹ȥ
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һǰ㣬ʹû˻ʲôҲܵЩӰ죬ӶӰ˲Ƶٶȡ
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ٹȫ޾Щʯײ𶯣ֱ׷ġ
ŷշתŲ֮£ôǻһЩģ˵ľ룬Ҳš
һñͬջƵ֮ϣʱ¶һɭɭЦ˫ŷİɫ˫֮ͫУҲһѪ֮ɫ
ȻûһأȻ͸оԼԴ͵ЩѣȻһҲԵôƬ̵ĳͣʱףԼԭ⼸ȫĵھʵ̫̫˵㡣
Ҫ˵ľЩҩʦ˵ָ϶Ƿǳġ
ǣֻǼµȴҲַѣε״̬
ǲҪˣ⼸£þȫͨ浱еĻ֮ԶԶͨĵľɱȵġ
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ȻֻƬ̵ĳͣҲǰ빦ѣӣѾ㹻ŷһ˲ˡ
ԣԭ˲ٵľ룬Ϊһͣǵû֮ǰΪԶ˺üסһʱٴαŭ
ȻһŭͼӴľģһݻеĲ֮źݺһҧٴγŹŷ׷ȥ
˵ʵϣһҲŹһ㲻ʱѡ
ںߵŷ岢֪ǰԣͳ鲻һ˿ľȥߵû׷
˵ʵ˲֮£ھǼΪӴģܿ죬ŷĶͷҲֳһϸܵĺ顣
ֻŷ岻һľƷߵȴʦҩʦ侫֮ǿָ֮죬¶ܹȵϵġ
ˣȻʮ־޴󣬵ŷĻָٶȣȴҲֻһѣ˲ƣʲôӰ졣
ৡ
ѡһŷԥؾ˲˹ȥ
ǣһΣŷȴûע⵽ʮ֮⣬ѾʯȻײһ
䣡
ŷ˲Ƶһɲǣһ㴫˹ͬʱڹŷ޷Ӧ֮ʣһޱȺ˵ĲʱŹŷϯ
ֲ似ײֲ
ֲȴ˿ڻ缶֮ĶԾ
ԣ¹ŷڴڲıԵ֮ܵ˲СӰ죬һͣոҪ˲ƵӰ㲻ܿƵ΢΢һͣһ¡
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˽ľ룬ٶȣֻҪһգ۵ʱ䣬ܹŷ峹״סˡ
ǣŷƬ֮Ӱָֻ׼Źŷ巢ʱ򣬹ŷӰһʧԭأʮ֮⡣
ŭ϶еģһ׼ġ
ǣһҧһԥٴ׷ȥţֻҪôһ£ֻҪӹŷһ룬С쵰ӳԼĵĿܣ
뷨õģʵȴòʺġ
ԭֻΪѣεĸоһϮԺ˫ۻһ£Ȼŷ͵ʮ׵ľ롭
ٿǰ͸Сһķ϶Ȼڲ֪УȻѾЩʯȺıԵ֮
޾ǿգҲģԼҲʮ˲ƶѣܹȥ޾ǿյˡ
ֻҪùŷ뵽޾ǿյеĻ˲ƾ룬ûܹ׷ϵõŷġ
뵽״Щݺҧ޲ýŷʬΣҪЩ缶ǿߵ֪ԼŷôһССǬ߸ˣ˼£˸ˣԼûƤˣ
ǣԹ޹ŷأ
ʼ޷ľ룬ֻܸżɿŭȴùŷûκһ취
ٿıԵ֮ĵײһ˿ŵĸо
ѵ죬ΪֻǬСԲĻ쵰СӣܹԼƤӵ°Ȼߣ
ԼȴֻؿŶ


ʮ ֮
ǳգŷڴһ죡


931 ֮
ӹɵġ
ŷһ˲ƣ뿪ܼʯȺ䣬뵽޾ǿյ֮ϲһ˿Ȼ
˵ΪʱһֹͲԤУĵ׳ء
֮ǰһֱΪԼЩȽµģԭȴôһ£
룬Ҳû˶ܹ׷ŷģ׷ǱҪ׷ġ
ŷûСᣬ˵Ͳ޾ǿյҪעʲôգȻ󿿽İǳӶǿȥȻԼץסĻء
ĵ˰οԼٶȿ˿һ·ֱ׷޾ǿյȥ
ǵģŷ岢ûѡսȥС
ΪģֻΪΣǴԼ캣֮ģԼ뵽սҲضǴǵΧ֮ڣŷ廹ûпĻ缶ǿߺΧ֮Уܹȫ˵š
ԣֻһ취Ҳֻһ·Ǿǳ޾ǿȥ
˵ʵʱŷĵУǳġ
˵޾ǿյˣ޾ǿգŷ嶼ϵ״ν롣
ϴ˷ɴţʲôΣգһȴһˣԼһ˽뵽棬һСͿ϶³
ǹŷ岻ȥҲܹ֪޾ǿյУ϶ֹֻʯǳвΣգضΣգЩΣգԼȴһŲ֪
ˣΨӲͷƤһ·ȥΪԼλӣΪԼںЩˡ

ŷ˲ţ˫ȴǺȻޱлȥҲǴδеļᶨ
޾ǿʯ̶ܼȣ˵ǰܼЩ϶ģǿһǳûκ⡣
Σ޴ڣЩʱʱɢǳʾţֲ֮ãŸոտʼ
ŷǳȥЩûκʯǳڵĿտ򣬻濴ӦȫĵطЩ濴İȫ򣬹ŷȴǾΪΣա
ЩʯԱȽܼĵطΪ˹ŷϲ漰·ߣЩǳûŷҲͬ׿
ʵû·ѡˣŷŻֽؿȻٶ룡
޾ǿգǷǳǳ׳۵ġ
һ·жŷٿ˲ʮ̫ͬһĻǳ˵ʮֻ̫дСˡ
Щ̫ҫ֮£һƬ򶼱ҫޱҫۣһſɢΪɫʵıʯһ㣬˿һۣҲ᲻ƿĿ⡣
ǻвǳԼɢŸɫʵĹâŷ۽⣬һȫһž޴ޱȵıʯγɵġʯţǱʯ
֮ܶ޾ǿգȥ޴ڵ֮⣬ǹ׳۷ǳֻǣŷҲֻܹҴƳһۣȻȫӶݡ
ɽ׷ţֻ֮ϣȴֳЩƣ֮ɫôõ׷𣬼֮ǰľʵ̫ӴѾеЩֲ֧סļˡ
˿ѾǳԼǳ׷ϹŷˣֻŷǰСĽرܿЩΣ֪֮Σգ޷ӰŷٶȣΪԼץġ
ѵԼľô
ĵǿŭͱŭ𣬵ǣٴ׷˺һξ֮ò޷ܵʵ
ǵģĻ쵰СӣԼƤӵ°Ȼˣ
ԼҲ׼ȥЩ˵سЦسͷ
ƣûڣʱΪʵдա
ŹŷԽңԶıӰͣӰ̾һһöܼһֻϵˣüģ˿һȻǿߵľ緶
˰ˣҪֻܹԼ̫̰ĺһ㡣
ҪԼȥʲôµһΣҪԼʱʧȥǣҪԼԼʵģΪŷǿ϶ƭԼĻһУҲͲᷢˡ
ٴȻһ̾Թص˹ŷıӰһۣһתٶ캣ķ˲ƶȥ
Ҫʱ˵£Ȼδ֮ǣȻͷͳЦȻѳɶ֣ôֻܾȫˡ
֮ţ֪֮󣬱ضȫ׷ɱ׽ùŷġ
Ϊģŷֲֲ̫̫ˣֻҪŷСһ㣬ȫ޾ǿյȫΪ
һȵΪͻƵ缶֮󡭡
£ֵܹס˴
ԣҵŷ壬߲ʬ壬ؾ꣬ҲԻʳѰĲµģ


932 
ǰȫ˲ƵĹŷ壬ȻоΣϢԶȥţ֪Ѿ˼׷
Ҳڹŷ֮УҪⶼûϵĻŷ϶ǲܻððʧʧؾġ
Ȼû׷ˣŷ岢ûֹͣŲǼ˲˴ԼʮңҲ֪˶Զͣ
ٿΧǰģûʲôı仯·ûбԵһ㣬޾ޱ޼ʡ
ŷ建ͣΣĿʱͱΧĹ׳ľˡ
ǹŷ״˽ӽعۿЩ󣬸ĺޱߣЩһֱѹĵ׵ıҲ֮ɢеģֻͬһĺľ
ָоŷϲȻҲ˵ŷͻ¶ԺպЩĺ⡣ЩˣҪпĿ̳ͷǣ
һ֮󣬹ŷſʼ˼𣬽·׸Ҫȥˡ
ͷȥ϶ǲеģǱضѰԼٻȥǵͶ
磬ڵķλȻΣսķλǱ޾ǿ˵ҲǲԴ޾ǿƵȥǣȲ˵һ·Σհɣ˵е·ߣûиʱ䣬ǲܵġ
ȻҲΪûа취İ취ִУʵڲеĻֻˡ
ǣͷУйŷҲԸ⣬ƺֻѡˡ
ҪôʹһƬںЩ׷Ҫôͼ룡
˿Χĸʯ治٣Щģ˿һС͵ǳСϸһĻӦһҰ½Сģŷվǰ͵һƬɳĮеһɳһ΢С
ֵطöصģ޾ǿյޱ޼ʣ캣Ļ缶ǿٶ࣬ҲܲǣȻѰҵԼɣ
֮ܶѰҵԼĻѾ޽ӽˣԣֻ΢˼Ƭ֮󣬹ŷѡһ
ļ£ŷҲû˼ۿΧ뷨ֱӾͳǿʯȥ
ʯҪ󣬻ߴϼʮǳƬҲûУǹŷɲҽӽֻԶԶš
ɽǿǳźܽɹŷ˲ٶʮӲŽӽһӽͿǰκˣߣҲ˷ǳǳԶԹŷĿԵ֮
ʯǳ𣬾ǰʯͷȵһġĲγɡ
ߣˮʯͷȵȶû֮⣬ĽеģǳҲС
ǿյһãǾĸλԵ±ߡ
Ҳ˵¹ŷڵôҲеκβʣˣ䵽ʯ֮󣬹ŷҲûرȥطѰ㣬׼ڴ˴˵
ž޴ʯͨ嶼һֹŷδʯͷʲرӲһĶʯҲûʲô𣬵Ȼɫһ֮⡣
ʯΪԲΣ浽ǿӿݵģʵ̫ӴˣЩӿݣҲͱһԨ޵׶˵һˣǶһˣ涼κһ˿һ쳣
ŷ½ĳԨ֮ΪԨҲΪɶֹ֮󣬹ŷһɨҵһʯ
ȻֱһͷɽʯС
ʯȽԼİңײ֮Ҳ
˿ŷ廹ǱȽģҲûٶǣϥȫʼ
ֽ׶ΣһжҪԾȫͻΪҪͻƱ켶ʱ򣬲ûκһ谭ùŷǳ֪ȻͻƱ켶û谭ôͻƻ缶ֻ᲻أ
ֱڣŷҲʱú˼һΪʲôԼƺûʲô
ʱŷкȻһ⣬Ȼ뵽һܡ
˭˵ԼûжǴ÷սʱǸĶ򣬲һ
ֶŷȻû˵Ҳû˭˵켶ĶģԼǸ򼶱̫̫ߵԭֱӵ´ǬͻƵ켶ĶȻȻʧˣ
ʵҲûпܵģֻǲ֪ӱ켶ͻƵ缶ĶǲҲѾǸֱӴȥˣ
ҪĻ񲻾˵ԼҪͻƻ缶ĻֻҪ˼ɵؾȫ֮ˣ
뵽˴ŷ͵ƺԣԻǳǳ
ֻĲ谭˵ĻҪͻƵ缶Ҳһ顣
ǬͻƵ켶һµʱ䣬ӱ켶ͻƵ缶˵Ҳϣ


933 
£
ŷü˼£˵˵Ҳ̡
ʱ̣ѾǺܳˡ
ֻʱٳŷҲҲʵİ취Ψεҡҡͷֻܾһпˡ

һ·ɳۣݾûչʱ޵ҧгݣʱƵóüƵһһ
캣ܲȥٶȣҲúüʮӣȻֱ캣֣ȴҲûͷȥ˼ȥ¡
Ȼ캣߽磬̾һȻ벻Ǿ˳Ȼɣ
ü¶ĺһһ˲ƣֱԽ֣뵽˻߽ڲ
˲Ƶ֮ˣ˵ûκζ赲䴩͸ǰһߴɵĸϣֻҪ˲Ƶľ㹻ҲȻԳȥ
ȻΪ̫࣬˵ŷ屻յ˽޷ʩչ˲ơֿСûУΪܹʩչ˲Ƶģ˹ŷôһ̥֮⣬޲Բ缶ǿߡ
ֿ֮⣬߰˸ͬΪǿߣҲǿԽ˲Ƶġ֮ܶǣҪһ˲ƵԲ缶ǿߣǼ伫ѵһ£Ҳǻ缶ǿΪɱһҪԭˡ
ɴ˸ԼãΪε֪ŷ徹Ȼ˲֮󣬱ɱϵ꣬Ҳʼ᲻ýŷɱˡ
ֻҪŷʱ¶ת˲ɲ
Թ
Ÿոһ뵽߽棬ͱӦˡ
ףôˣ
ɻشС
ʼѾ¶˳Ȼִùġ
Ȳ˵ǳͷɣ˵һ˵ȥ²һʱ䣬ԼͽΪ캣Ц轣磬ΪǳЦĶ
Ϊβ˵ʲô𣿡
ԼĬһֲõԤͷ֣æѯʵ
Ͳٴ̾˿ˣҪɱҪҪЦɣ
ֱԴش꣬ԷԸ˷͹ȥǸŷֵ꣬ˡ
Ǳ߶ȻžȴһȻûиӦԼܵܵκϢڣһޱɭĸоȴ˲佫У
ȻҲֻ֪Լöѡ
ˣôܵģ
ûκ˹
ûɵһȴ˿æشǡ˲ܵġ
˲ƣ
ǱͻȻһЩֳĬƬ̣ȹɣȻԭԭȫ˵
ƽžԲɵζ棬ѹ͸оܵܺͽϵ档
ȴûиеκ⣬ɹƹ캣翪ʼ֮ʣЩ飬ɢˡ
Ҷԣæӿ˲ٶȣӺ󣬱´
´ڣʱֻһˡ
˵ɣΪʲôһССǬΪ˲ƣǰߵģңӳεʯ
ޱسʵ
һ⣬ͷð亹Ǻѣ˵ԼΪ캣һͳ翼ǣ㽫ŷųҩġ
ǣһĻЩȥĻ缶ǿҪȥأ
ԣ˼Ƭ֮й˵ʵɣȻʱһ֪ʵ࣬Լ׽㣬Ҳᱻعؽȥġ
ǳʵһһʮذ龭ȫ˳ʼȻܹȡ־ȵĻ֮ʱ˫ҲȻ
ŷȻ˿˲ٶεʱ򣬱ľɫѾöγˮˡ
Ѿ֪ʱԼ뷨ˣҲǴδеɭ䣬Ŀ˸ʱһɱ۵׻
Ǳִû¶Ŀ亹ֱð۵׵ɱɣͲȥ˼ʲô飬ܣҲؽԼɱ
Щ顭ֻһССѡ
޾ǿգ
ԾĵƵãɭ̶ȣܹ󺣶ܹ˲⡣
ǡǵġʱҵľĹԡ׷
Ͱ͵ػش;⡣
ֱʱȻԼܵԼе׾кεȵͬΪԲ缶Լ˵ˡ


934 ץж
ºþã궼û˵һ仰
ԭʮֿ´˿ȴ·һ㼫ѹֵôҲɢȥ
겻˵ҲҿͬƵվڴ룬ֻ̧ͷ꣬ʲôȣȴǸҲ
ʵҲˣʵʵ̫ǿ̫ǿ˵
ΪһǿߣεеƣΨĽ졢轣ּĳǿ߲ûκθоּǿߣС
֮͵̧ͷΪ϶ҪͷԼʱȴҲֱһ𴫱鷽Բա¡ǣǹ
дŲɣȫ̬
պºֵܣȴƨҷһһ৵ؾæرȭܽкηԸ
̬֮ǫͲֺ
Ҳòǣˣʱȷͦġ
˵ɣ˵Ľͷֺǣ
ÿһʲô£޲һƽݵ̬˵ģ㣬񻽹Ƶٻ
ɺֵܻͳһף֮ǰҲ뵽˻ôһǲԸȥһƽȵݴ磬Թ캣磬ūԣ治һ㡣
ǴĹŷ壬ˣ
ֱӾһ
ȻȻڹֺպֵܣ⸱飬һֵȷһȴԭ
ȻͻһֵǱϢŪһŷôܵġȥﶼʣһزֵ֤ܽǰȥץ
ܽģһץСӣǾһҲ
ֵЩϵԼһ㣬ͷܺãЩҵȷԷˡ
²˳٣ھ͸żҽǰȥץɣ
˵꣬ͽĿתƵϣصؽ㣬ҲӦÿİɣ
ԸֵܵʱĴ㡣
ҲԼһֳͷʽɣϾԼҲ֪޾ǿյУѰҵŷļʣΪ㡣
ȻǱҵģ¾ʬ壬ҲҪͲһˣãǧز
ǹطϸǧꣿ
ĵȷȷһֳͷˡ
Ҳܾɣͦġ٣ԼȥЩЦԼˡ
ͷӦȻȻҴģȻҪȥе
㵭صͷӻ֣ȥɣҪˣҪʬ
˵һ֮󣬱˫ۣ˵
ʵˣ굣ĹŷǱûǰš
ڱ켶֮ǰŷͻ٣Խܡ
ǴǬͻƵ켶ǾҪĳȻѰ
ӱ켶ͻƵ缶Ͷ򣬸һܹģȻô켶ǿߣҲֻô缶ǿߴˡ
ˣ겢εĹŷ彫캣ʲôѣĵҲֻԼôһδҩѣˣ˵棬ΪһѾߵĹŷ壬ȥγʹôһǿߡ
Ҫ֪ŷͻƣѹû˶ϰڣضͻƵ缶Ļ¾Ͳ˷ˡ
٣ûץŷ壬߼ʬ֮ǰҹߣյǹŷôҲⲻ˵ġ
õֵܾͽĿתгѺá
ȻȴĿ⣬ںֵͽ뵽˼Ӫһĵ׶Ǳӵġ
Ҳ⡣
Ǹ߰ɡ
ֵܷϻֱһ֣˲Ƴ´Ȼһ·Žַȥ
˲ֱ˲ƹȥȻΪ˲úֵܸˡ
˲˳ȥֵæϣٶȣȥ׷ȥ
ͬʱֵҲ˽ô˵Ż
磬ȥ
ʵ
񡭡޾ǿȥİɡ
»ش
޾ǿգﲻرΣյȥˣܻܲص
Ǿص
õģֻҪ㲻ܣǣͲ¡
УǻһԲ缶𣿸ʲôΣյģ
ܽᡣ
˶ٺ󣬺ֲǰȥҪһпܽСӸץס
һСӸˣȻɳ֮ؽΪһɱĿ꣡


935 ޾ǿյΣ
յһϯúºǶͬʱȻ
ɸΪ˽ŷʵĿ¡
˵һ콾ţ˿Ϊġţһɳ¡
ԼˣΪɳ֮ĵһɱ
Լ˵£
һ뵽ºǶĵ׾Ͳͬʱ¶һģһΣҵŷ壬ʬ壬;Բ

轣߽´
һΣ´ﲢûˣȫЩ缶ǿߣ켶Ĳһ
Ľ죬ҲȻС
ֻʱĽ죬ѾûƽʱֵȻƽ˿̵ֱվ˫ĿԲɣоŵɫ
ٿ轣缶ǿߣҲһݹ죬ĵҲ֪Щʲô
ϸһῴ۵һĨ𺧡
轣ܽһ졢Ϻ壬һ顣
ȻĽҪϺܶˣΪҪĽһ֪ϢĽ죬ǸողŸϵ֪ޱȷϢġ
罣˵ģɶģССȻǸӵĿ
罣轣ܽ֡
ʱĽ㵵ؿŷ罣ȴȷеػش
罣ǷǳĽ˿̵ĸоΪȻϢʱֺγĽһĸоأ
ԣݷǳ֣صص˵ͷȷ˴µ׼ȷԡ
Ľʱˡ
Σǿΰ
Ľ֪ģѺȥԲ缶ǿߣ
ЩǿߣҪôǹ˳캣磬ҪôǾþûлӦġ
Ψû˵˭ܹӳģ
Ȼŷ壬ôһʮΪҲֻǬ꣬ȴЩԲ缶ǿ߶飡
Ǻεȵ׳٣
ǺεȾ춯ص飡
Ľʵ޷󣬹ŷ壬Ѿ漣꣬ģ
ֱһ֮Ľ͵һæѯʵ罣С嵽ӳģģ
൱ȣǳֳĽ˿ĵ
ǵ鱨ʾ˵ŷ˲ӳİɣȻ޾ǿյУҲ֪ΪΣǷӲû׷Ϲŷ塣
֪ľֻЩˡ
罣ʵش˵ЩʱһϵϣҲǲЩɫ
ȻǸӵʵԲ缶ߵУֻεġ
ô˵ҲһԲ缶ǣ
һССǬӵ˲ƵǬôεǳȻٴǸӵƤӵߵأ
Ӳû׷ϣ
Ľٴα𾪣˵ôһ֮󣬱ĬþҲ֪Щʲô
һ죬ʱǳ˿ϲġ
ˣ
ǸСӣȻǸطˣ
ǶôģǶôϲϢ
̧ۣÿĬĽ죬һ£һЦȴ˼صôˣΪγĬأ
ףѵΪԼľڣ
еĳ˶ó
Ȼʱûȥһ죬Ϊڳ˶֪һǸʲôӣʱ˵˼ҲѹͲ棬ȫԴκģôҲ벻ףŷ壬ġ
Ľ·ûһĻһ㣬ɫûκһ˿ֻǳĬţϸĻһᷢ۵ŨŨ⡣
˵ЩȻãҪǣҪȥӪȣ
죬֪ЩʲôһȰ㲻Ҫô޾ǿôޱߣȥѰҵŷļʣ޽ӽ㣡
ĽȨʱ򣬷罣ͳɤȴƮȻһˮ˲ͽĽĵǵ뷨
һĽγֲ֪أ
޾ǿգʵ̫̫һ㣬ڿʼʹδκһǿ̽޾ǿյ˹ܹصĵطʵ̫һ㡣
ԣҪȥѰңһȥȥѰҡ
ԣΪ㡣
ǣѵֻŹŷ޾ǿյУȴް취ɣ
ǱߣһϵϲɫҲԼһ㣬ֻŷӳľϲȥˣȴȻҪȥӪȣ޾ǿյڵա
ʯײǳѹȷ޾ǿյΪΣգǣȴա
ЩЩܹһԲ缶˲˺ѵĿռܹ˲⡣
ΣյģҪµġ˶Ϊ֮ġ
ڶ


936 ӳˣ
ڶʲôѾ޴ȥ
ΪˣΪǿûһġ
Ľε֪ڶĴڵģȴǹϼصġ
ݼأڶһԽκʾɽȥ֮أ¾֮Ҳᱻɡ
ɽȥ֮󣬵Ҳûκδ𰸣ֻ֪һ㣬ڶ޾ǿյΣյĴڡ
ֻ֮ڴˡ
յģҪڶֵԡ޹ԡ
ûһν˵һֵλãԣ
СʱҲһ
ʱһǺСǺӣҲǷַӵѡ
Сʱָָֻ״СȴҲһǿ
Ȼɵ壬Ҳġ
֮ܶڶ浱գҲ֮ڡ
¾ǿߣԶԶ֮󣬿Ҳǵһʱתӡ
Ľĵģȴǹŷ޾ǿոͲϤһ㣬صĺڶĻӴϣûйŷˡ
͡û취𣿡
һ첻ĵ̧ͷ罣ʵ
罣εҡҡͷʵҲѹŷȻʵ
ŷ嵽ܻܲǾֻܿԼ컯ˡ
ĻͻѡƵģԣΨһģǾϢ
Ȼ罣⻰˵˵û˵ɣ˵ȴʵ
һϵ˷Ҳ֮Ϊһ㣬һ㻹Ƚϸ˵ģٹŷǸطӳˡ
ĽһȻģ۵ףȴһĨΡ

֮磬Ұֻڽ硣
ʱҰֻ´ѾˣγɶŮ֮⣬ȫ롣
ŷǸطӳϢڸղŲŵ֪ϢĽ˴ġ
û⣬֪ϢĻҰֻһڸ߲㣬޲пϲЩӣѾ˽εĿֲ֮ȴ룬ŷ壬Ǵǵطӳˣ
Ȼ뵽µΣյУƾǶԹŷ˽⣬޾ǿΣΣգֻҪŷСһ㣬ҪסӦûʲôģ
٣ҲȹѺ˲֪ٱ
ȻҲûУ޾ǿյΣ֮ղŶҲѾ˵ˣȴû˿취ֻаŷܹȻ
ˣȻŷǹط˳ʱ˵ûʲôΣյˡ
ڣҪģǾһпȵŷ֮ʣҲڰﲻ
ŷһֱ޾ǿյгǾ͸ҪһҪ뾡һа취ŷȳ
ܽᡣ
˷׷׵ͷҲ𽥼ᶨ
ǵģڼȻȲ˹ŷ壬ôŬ
ζǱߣҪҪ֪ͨһ
ɷȻʵ
شɷսƬ̺󣬱С˳Ǻ£Ҳ޷Ҳʱġ
ãȥλɩȥ
սվһͳԺӷȥ

ŷ屻Ѻ⼸κͳɶŮľɫգ㲵÷ǳǳ
ȻòɣɫȴЩÿնն񣬷߻ǶŰɵȥȥ
ʱԺʯ֮ϣŷ徭Ǹλãȴʼտŵġ
ǵҲǴؿλ
ȻУͬʱһæ̧ͷȥͼսӰ𽥳ҰС
󲻵һᣬսͽǰλɩòսĵ׾Ͳ̾˿ҪŮӳ֮ףԼǰλɩӣƵµһġ
ս죬ǱϢ𣿡
ʵҲ˵ɣЩڴ
Ҳͬ⸱飬ڴؿŶս죬ȵĻش
սǾ΢΢£¶һĨЦݣͷǵģǺ£ϢӦǰȫģλɩൣʲô
ȻսĻ󣬶Ů¶ЩЦʵʲôʱܹ
սȴǳĬ˻ҡҡͷͲȷˣƺ޾ǿյУ캣绹ǰȥѲ
Ҳõʲô޾ǿôƾͨץĿӦΪġ
ս˵ȫǴʵҲûŮʵ
ŮԣɫԵһǵõ˰ɵ׸ϢŶսͷ󣬱û˵ͷŷλڣ
սͲ˵˶Ůһۺ󣬱Ծ𣬳Լסȥ

սŭš


937 Ůľ
ŷϢ֮Ұֻظ߲㣬˷С
ŷԼʱ򼴱ﲻʲôæҲ˺ȡ
ŷزôԼЩˣ㽫һƬյ׵籩һȺŷˣȫɱ
ǻҰֻи߲Ŀᶨ
ޱȼᶨ֮£и߲Աͻƶޱȿ١ϲĺƶҲޱȿֲٶǿţٶȣ˵ȥ綼Ϊ֮𶯡

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һŷҲûиӦ߾̽ĺۼȻǻûҵ˴
һ£ŷҹ֮⣬Ʒռ䵱еЩԴ޵Ҳûֹͣ
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Ŀ겻ν󣬵֮ԼԴ޸ͲڵľҲʲôɵ
˵ЩԴޣ˵˵ŷ屾˵һµĽչɡ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ򣬻ϴǸ߶ԭɣûľ谭Ĺŷ壬Ҳͬޱ˳
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Ѿȥһ£Ҳ˵Ļ֮¼䣬ֻһ缶ĳǿߣ
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ʱ򵽵׻ǿʲôزѾ˿Ԥ±ǹŷԼ޷ԤƳ
ֻ֪ʱ£¾Ǻպºֵܣŷ嶼бɱİգ
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뵽ŷ۵׾ͻһɱ⣬ںֵܵĺޣѾ˹衣
ҡҡͷҽɱѹĵףһ뵽Ʒռ䵱С
ƷռڣܾͻɻˣΪβȥأǲ˭޷ҵŷˣ
ʵȻǬǱ켶ĶЧڻ缶ǿ˵á
缶ǿߵĿֲ̽̽⵽浱΢Сһ㲨ŷƷռĻ޷ӦŷϢƷռĲȴģȹŷ岻ȥΪױ֡
໰
ŷոһ룬㴫һޱϵĺ֮㿴һʮ˶ëԴյŷǰǵعŹŷӡ
ŷǺһЦ̧ԴЦӣϾҪͻƵǬСԲˣһ£㶼ܹͻƵ켶Ҳ˵
ٺ٣ˣⶼΪ࣬Ȼн죡
ٺһЦȻֱӿԵص
ԴֱӿԣȻ֪»ŵð˵ŷȴϰΪƵãûиоκ졣
ȴΪΪͻƵǬ֮󣬱ֱǰ˵ˡʼʱ򣬹ŷҲǱһ֮ҲͻƵǬܹ֮Ҳ㽥Ӧ
Ҳã٣ڽҰֻظ߲㽻̸谭ˡ
ǺǣҲѧƨˡ
ŷ˶ͷ­Ц˵ôһ֮󣬱̧һУ֮ƺûСٵ֮Բ򣬱ٴηֻһСֳĹɣֱע뵽ڡ
һУŷתͷԴޣǴʱûע⵽Լǰȫڼ̿ţڵʱҲ㹻ǹŷҲûٴһ»ص˶Ѩ֮С
Ѩ֮Уŷ嵱ſȫʼȫ̽Χʮ֮󣬲ûзʲô쳣Ǳϥȫʼ
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ʱ䣬ôһһعȥ
ŷ弸ûóκοʱȥ飬ȫ񶼷档
תۼ䣬´Ҵҹȥ
ŷ߻ûκ쳣յˣҲûѰҵŷټ
Ȼ죬ڻҰֻعŷСԺӵУγɶŮȴңʣлһԹ޻ڵļᶨ֮ɫƺĵѾĳ


938 ޻
ҰֻأŷСԺӵС
γɶŮὫȱ˹ŷĻ𣬶󻷹һۣ¶Щ漴һۣͷϣǾ֮ɫ
ŮŵշȻֱֱŴ͹Ļȥ
һ·ǳ˳ս˴˿̶˷УԲûע⵽Ů١
ټ϶ŮΪѾǬԲսֻ߲֮ͣ£ǻԲ
Ҳ⣬Ůӽ͹Ļ֮ʱȻӰǰ档
ŮƺͷǵĴڣϲû¶֮ɫֻǵؿŵǰļӰĬȻ
λɩӣҪȥ
⼸Ӱö˵ȻǶս졢ءĽףꡢˣ˵ģǶս졣
ã׼ȥѰҹϵܵģ
ʵһ˫ۿŶŮĿ˸Ҳ֪ʲô
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ȻһǵǰȥҪǳʲôĻﻹȥ簡
ս٩٩̸һ˵һ߼üŪ۵ģĽףҲͷͣģȻѾ˾
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ǵΪҲǬԲҲΪǶȥãȻҲȥã
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ĽףǳƬ̣λľһȥǺܿȥ޻صġ
ĽףĻ˽ҡͷһЦȻγɶŮƽˮͬʱ𣺡ȥ޻أ޻ڣ
֮֮ƽѾ˵һС
Ľף۵׾Ͳһ˿⣬λɩӶ԰ĳ飬УҲΨйŷ壬ӵд˵ŮӵԹ޻ڵİĽɡ
ǺǣȻˣǾ߰ɣʱϵǸˣЩ鷳ˡ
ǺһЦȻŴ˵
Ҳ׷׵ͷս˷ܵسŴ͹Ļ涪һѱԴʯ룬߲ʹâ˵Ӱʧԭء

ֱӾʹ͵߽֮УȻĽףͶս⣬˶ǵһȴûж˼ȥۿģ
߽ûפأ֮кü̽˹ӦսĽף˵Ϣʱ򣬷׷׶һȴҲû˶ʲôջ˾
ĽƺҲȻ϶µ˵ĿģȻֹġ
ûжһ͹ͣؼսȥսĽף϶һ˷ܣҲ֪ԼЩ˻ȥ޻صģǾ仰ˣҲ޻ڣ
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һ·ɳۣܿ죬˱˽֮
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ϵɻԣȻ뵽ʲôƵãһ˫۾ɵñţ󣬾Ҫȥ캣ȹŷ壿
ݣȻ֪ڹŷϢֻ֪յ°ȥ캣ˣĽף˵ΪҪȥ캣ȥȹŷġ
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ĽȥӪȥ޻صľ棬οֻǰǬ켶
þƾǼȥ캣ȥ𣿡
ĽЦڰ֣ˣǾȥսеµģ˵ˣˣ
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Ҳܲˣ˦˦ͷҲö룬Ѿ˳սϵļˣֱת뿪ԭء


939 ֮ʼ
޾ǿС
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һѰң̽ٶȻ࣬ˣǾŷټûзַ֣ѰȥĻϰ궼ҵõ
Ҳʵεúܣƺ֮⣬ͱΨӲͷƤȥ
ʵˣǱһƬһƬȫҹ֮ǰС
ˣµʱ䣬ǲнһѡ
һ´Ҵҹȥн˷ǳӽŷڵƬֻҪǰиǧףǵľӦŷϢ
ȻʱͣӰǺա¶ˣûκ쳣
磬ôˣΪͻȻͣ£
ͻȻͣµļˣǶʱʵ
ɫͫ׵Ƴ˺һۣߵҲʲôġ
Ҫ˵Ժǵ˵Ƣ˵˵϶ͱˡȴһֺõЦݣЦЦȨûڿƵá
ǵǺ˹ˣϢЩ졭ףȻĽϻ쵰ĶӺͶϼһӣ
ϾǾ֮ɫȻȫûϵ˾Ȼǣ캣ߵ޾ǿհǣôģ

ºǶһж¶ɻ󲻽ɫоһæʵôЩʶ
ˣЩ޲ǹŷС׽ˣ
ոæشɻֹֻǲ֪ôأǵͻ캣ķأ
յĻȻǲµʲôʲôֵģȻǽĿ
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ԻûӦպ¶¶Ȼı飬нһ˷֮ɫ
ܣûв´Ļ캣뷨Щˣŷ
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ǶʱȻҲֳϲ֮ɫһĻ񲻾˵ܿץŷ忩
ȥЩץסô죿
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ţȥץǰɣǸɵһŷ
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Ҳ״ںֵǰ¶ЦݣȻΪͿֵܣΪѾҵѲŷķȻˡ
߷ǼСһǣ
ӧ΢΢ͷ֮󣬱ٺһЦ۵Ѫһͳź󷽼ɹȥ

ս֮󣬺˾ֱǳ캣緽޾ǿշ
Ϊ캣粻ôҲҲõķ˵Ҳ֪ѡ
ܶ˶Ϊɵ֪һȥµǱľ棬ʱûѡ
ֻ˵ɣڽе˭ȥ˭ܻȥأ
ʼʱǶǷǳĵģеҲȽһ㶼Ѱʯн
Ȼֱǽ캣֮޾ǿյУ˵ǳˣһߵëûڸ˵ͬʱҲ˾ɡ
ʵҪΪǲֱŷڵҪ֪ҪҵŷǳǳѵĻǾͻµ캣ͼˡ
һ뵽޾ǿյУһ˱ΪҲҺĽףĽĶӣСŹ޾ǿյ鳤Ȼδƾǰģܹǿ巽λġ
ǣһ˾Ľףش¼룬ΣյĵطĽףҲһʱѴұܿһ·ҲûʲôΣա
תۼ䣬Ǿ޾ǿյзһ£˵ǣǵ·߲ûѡȥķ򣬵ĵȷȷǹŷķ
ȻҲ˵ķ
ٿսˣһȫһսʼǾһֱûзɹ޾Σձ鲼ܣɲǷɵ
ף磬ǲߴ˷򣿡
һСǰţսȻڶǰĽףʵ
Ҳ̧ͷȥ¶ȷɫ
ĽףȴǳƬ̣Ȼŵ鱨ĻôŷӳͿ϶ᳯ
ȻǰûѡУݶԹŷ˽⡭еĿԲԣûģ
ĽףһоݣһëҲǴͷʾĽףû
ʱȻһгȻ˶һըһ㣬ɫȻһ䡭


940 ͻƣ缶
Ӵ벻ϻ쵰Ķӻͦò
Ե÷ǳһ͸оγɼ˻ϤĽףͶս죬ȴɫޱѿ
պºǣ
֮еһ
ʱһݵӰ˲һǰ֮һۣһͷڷɢһޱĸоһ֪ǰ˾Ʋ硣
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սĽף϶˴˵ݡ
ȻֵܶһģǸϢȴǲͬġ
սĽףһǺǣĽףһ˶
ǣȻֻǱȺǸһȻʵ֮ȴһ죬һء
սΪһΣԼһˣܲ˻뿪ˡ
ʲôҪʣʲôҪܣֻܾȫܣ߶ԣֻҪӳĸӦΧǾӦǰȫˣ
ûκζķϻĽףޱȿٶе˴
ҪԼΪȡôһʱ䡣
£ԼҲ֪취ܹѵĿ޽ӽ㣬ʵû취ˡ
ĽףĻ£ս˵ıǿ֪ġ
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飬ˣһˣ
γɶŮһĵȻȻûаĽףϡ
ʲôܣǿʼܣȥ
Ľף˶Լɵ㶵վԭأɳش
ˣͱϻˣǺúһ˰ɡ
սͷذڰ֣˵
Ľףһٴκúÿ˼һְۣŮڣĿж˼ᶨ֮ɫûκһ˿⣬֪ǵѡ
ĵףҲȻӿֳһޱůůܵ˴δܹ顢ֵ֮顣
ս˵ûǼȻһģôߣҲһߡ
ͬе
ͻȻһЦڳ֮µĺˬԸڴ˿̱¶ɣ˵һ壬ȻһģߣȻҲһߣ
ȻҲһ
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ս졢ͬʱУһ˿һη֮ɫ
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Ľף˿ȴǺȻоԼıЩᣬ֪Ǻιʣ֪ʲôᣬΪδᡣ
ʱֻһָоǰһȺֵܣΪǶҲֵõģ
ʲôĻأ
ʱͷĺȴζؿǰһȺСĿΪעصɨγɶŮһۣ˵ȻûŷС쵰ȷ޸죬λ绪ľŮΪӡ
ҪǿǵԼԶȴԼĻǰλɫŮضӲħƵġ
һ뵽ҲͲٹˣһڿ񱩵֮Ȼӿ׼Լ˶֡
Ѿ˾Ȼ˵ҪɱˣܹܽŷôɣĽϻ쵰ĶӣԼϻ쵰ӣõѡ
׼ս
սĽףͬʱŭһ·Ϭһ㣬ͬһʱֱۣһʩŵ֣ͽС
ǲ֪ʹԼЩ˵Ĺȫһ𹥻һˣ£˼˵ʸûС
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±ΪЩ˻ɢģȴû뵽һߣǱʲôֵأЩܺԼ
бҪȫԺԥպǶˣ
Ȼôұȫȫǰɣ
һɭػͼǸݵȻһ㳯һ˳˹ȥ

Զǿž޴ʯʯ֮ڡ
˫Ĺŷ壬Ȼǳһ˫ۣ˫۵һɲǣкȻ˾һƽԶ
缶
ԭǻ缶
ŷ徲ӿĿԼ·棬˵Լͷ·¸оȴϲޱ
缶ԼͻƵĻ缶
ҲȻͬԼ֮ǰ²ǰ㣬ϴεǸ߶򣬵ȷԼͻƵ缶ûκľ谭һͻƣԵǰȻˮɡ
ֻһùŷеǳźǾԼûֱӽ뵽Բ缶


941 ף
չŷ룬Լͬʱӵ֮ͻ֮ԣӦֻҪһͻƵ缶ֱӾͻͨ缶ֱӽ뵽Բ缶ġ
ԸΥͻƵ缶֮Լڵ˵ɻţǹŷȴоԼܹ浱еģȴֻһֶѣһ֣ҪԼȥѡˡ
ѡ֮ôȥԭ洢ǼʮѨĻ֮֮⣬Ѩ֮ѡ֮Ҳˡ
Բ缶ǿߣȴܹͬʱ浱ȡÿһѨ棬Ҳֱһ롣
⣬ͨ缶Բ缶Ĳ֮ͬˡ
֮ܶǣŷȻͬʱӵȴֻͨ缶һ֡ΨͻƵԲ缶֮󣬲ֶܹա
ȻŷֻźһСѣ漴͵
Լûֱӿͨ缶ǣԼȴʵʵڵαԲ缶
Ϊʲôô˵أȴΪԼȻ޷ͬʱ浱գǣԼȴͬʱӵвǣ
Ҳ˵ԼȫʩųЩԲ缶ǿһĹ
Բ缶ǿǰǿ󣬵٣Ҫͨ缶ǿǿ⣬ӹɵġ
ңƷҩӴ󴢴ڣһ£ѹ赣һ޷յ㣡
ԽŷԽ˷ܣ˵ûĽ˵ֻҪԼһͻƵ缶ǿԲ缶֮µһŷѾеˡ
ڹŷ׼óһʱúϤϤһͻ֮Ŀ֮ʱȻԶüֲŷǳϤǴʱġ
ŷʱһѵҹ
ҲãȻԼŸոͻƣԼҲǵ׷ɱˣҲ֣ԱϤڵǿ
ȻŷȴͻȻɫ䣬Ϊ͵شǼиӦ˼ǳϤϢ
ս졢Ľף
ŷʱ󾪣ǵϢΪλǵϢŷһӦһ
£
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ŷʱǿģûΣյ޾ǿյУôӦսǵϢ
תһ룬ŷµʲôæʩųΪͻƣ˺üӦȻԼĲ²ȻûֹǶս졢ĽףˣꡢԼԼλӣҲڣ
һ¿ɰѹŷŵòᣬȻһֱչ˲ƾͳǱٶ˲˹ȥ
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ŷͲỳɣͶսЩˣ¶סһֹģ
ͬʱŷҲʱñܺã죬ףԼͻưɣ

ǹɭЦݣǰϵķ֣Цǲ
浱һǹŷǱ̬쵰أ⼸Сϣǰʲô˻
ޱصĶսˣ⣬ѹûκѹԣԺУ˿ҲֵǵĽöϻ쵰ڵ֪ԼİӺͰﶼԼº󣬽һı飡
ֻһ룬ľֹסӿֳһɱ̬ĿϣҲɭɭЦݡ
ǣǼʶʶʲôŽǿߣ
ºȻһЦԼ֣һӣһ֮۵â㳯صĶս˵ɱȥ
źһ˺˵Ŀֲսĵ׽һˣԼԻ缶ǿߵʱ򣬲׻缶ǿߣǿʲôز
˼ֻһ¾ԽԼЩȫˣ
ͲҪս켸ȥ˵ͬܵΣյꡢΡˣͬʱԼ֣ʱֱøΪͣͳ̶ȣԵסκһ켶ǿߵȫһ
ֻģȴһ缶
£ֻͨĻ缶ҲƲֵܵģ
һʱ䣬ĵ׶һźԼЩ޷ˣֻźǣҲûټһ档
б̾ȴкڣ֮ǰǱѾ׼
Ҳʱǻ

Զա˷׷׿ߣ̬ǳɣ˵Ͷս⼸Сϣһ˽Ǻѹġ
ǣ̲סһǷȴʵЩġ
ʱԭ̬ޱȵȻͻȻɫ䣬Ȼͷ󷽿ȥϣ˲ŵĺȻ֮ɫ


942 أ
ŷ˲˼׵ľ룬Ӧա˵Ϣ
Դе⣬ֻ΢һѸײڶ֮Ƴȥһ˷ӦȻԼĻǾ޷һʱϵԮˡ
ŷһֱӼ˲ƣҲûУֱͳ˳ȥ
УֻӸϵʱ䣬ͻƵ缶֮Ĺŷ壬˲ƾǰʮףʮ׵ľ룬Զ˲ƾ룬ʵҲ̫ѡ
ʱ΢ЩѹˣԼǲǻû˯ѵĸо⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʮǬ߾Ѿǿֲǲ˼顣
ʮı켶췽ҹ̷飬Ȼ
ʮĻ缶
һģһģ
ʹ˦˦ͷƺҪǰ˼һĻԺɢǣŹŷޱȿͣ΢΢ЩļµİԵϢ֮ʱȴ֪һУġ
ʱ򣬺պҲȻתͷȥɢ˿Ϣģ֮ʱѾŵܹȥһǳ
ǿʲô
缶Ĺŷ壿
˿ԺһƬհףӿֲ뷨ֻоԼ䶼죬оԼĺЩѹ
ԶʩųһŵĽͶϻ쵰֪ԼӰﶼǱԼɱ֮󣬽һĺ£ҲȻӦǲͬѰЩľϢ
ðĵһ뷨ǣǲĽ϶׷ɱˣ
Ӧòǣ
˵Ϣǿ󣬾Գͨ缶ǿߵļ𣬿ǣȴҲǴﲻĽǸ߶ȵġ
˭
ΪϢϤϢУɱ
ǱͻȻֵǿϢͷһʱ䲢ûв³Էݡ
ȻҲѹûгŷȥ룬룬˭ȥһʱͲ²⣬缶ǿߣʮĹŷɢأ
г˾֮ʱȻӦǵϢˣ͵þԼȻһ⵽˭ΪΨԼˣ
ҳɣתͷȥһûпˣֱŷһ˲Ƴ֮ʣڿߣ׺Ҳ
ɵģʱ˴͵СؿĿޱؿԼĹŷ壬Դ˵һ£һƬհס

ٿս졢ĽףΡɡ꼸ˡ
ʵں¸ӦŷϢʱҲ̶Ӧˡ
ֻѹûжĹȥעЩΪʱǣȻ˼˵ΣյС
µһȫٶȳǣǺ׶ôֲһֹƾǼʵܹǰֵˣȴ޷ġ
⻹ҪģҪǣǾ޷ֵסһֹ
ԣΪͻȻֵϢĵһַǳǳеĸоȴ˼ȥᣬֻŸҪӦһ档
𽥽ӽ

ԶֱŷʮֽӽۿҪ嵽Լ֮ʱڻع
ʵ޷ŷ嵽ǸʲôʱûʱȥЩˣֻ֪һ㣬ס
Ҫγɵ˻ɱֻҪǻôޱǿĹŷ壬ض˼ɣһаսŷ塪
Զ
ԣΣҪֲĹɱ
ʵֲ̫ˣ
ǵüǰֻǬСԲ
֮Ľ죬ȴȻһ缶
ң͵Ϣͨ缶һǿߣ
ѾоޱߵĿ־壬ٸŷ弸£Լл·
оһ£κԥȻһ̶ĴȣӴĻ֮ȫֱһ˲ƣ˹ŷıؽ֮·ϡ
ټɿǵ˫͵̧ӿ̧ʩŶγһɻ֮۶ɵ֡
ֲֻԲεģҲûнУǻһ㳤Զʮҵϡ
ǻ缶ǿרеƽ˲ƵķˣΪ̫֣ôһ˲ƣܹġ
ɣŷȻǿ󣬵Ϊȴǲһ˲ƣûгɹֱӾͱʩųϸ
ŷԴ˲е⣬ĿһҲȥһӰ̶ʧ׼һС䣬ǰγǱȥԮ
ΪһԲ缶Ȼֻĵ״ڣɣǷǳǿġ
٣˲طľ飬ҪԶԶŷ塣


943 Ļ缶
ƺ֪ŷ˲ȥĶŷߵӰŸոʧɫͫ׵ͻһ˿˲ƶʮףǲҲȻ˲ƶ˲ơ
ֻŷԭʧӰٶȳ֣ûɣɱϸ
֮󣬹ŷ岻˿ѡһٶƿʮ׵ľ룬·ܹԤϵŷ˲ƵƵãͲԳɵģһνŷ
ͬʱһȣҲȫ
պ£Ÿʲô㻹㻹ң죬˵ʲôҲٷδ뿪ˣ
ĺǼдŻ֮ģ˶ãһ֮£˶ʱ˹лȻһȻ뵽Ҫùŷ̬ˣֲ˹ٶȣǽԼЩ˻潫֮أ
һ룬ǺǶ޲ѿȥعŷˣӦŷƣȴ˲ήţήǰ滹һ֣
պ£ع֮ǿѹӿ𺧺;壬æĻ￪ʼж
յһʱ䳯ȥǻعҲ룬һûȫײϣڶͿʼۡ
ȻڴʱһȴǺȻ
סЩȫɱˣɱһУҪȫɱˣǿɾûʲôܹǣסŷĵƣʱһҪӣǼ֣¡
˵һ٣Ե÷ǳݣջһҧ¾ƴȫҲ޷
ҲݣΪѾԼûκܹ׷Ϲŷǰŷ廹ֻ˲ʮ׵ʱѾ׷ϲϣڣȴǱԼԶʮ׵ľ룬λס
¶ʱһݣᣬ۵æջ˰ɣ㹥ӦǲЩȫɱġ
ʱǵһҲ١
ʵǺµĹ̫һУǷգ֮ѡ
䡭
һ죬ʯײһµǵâһսͷŵ֮ϣͱǿѹɸ״ûһ룬ͷžһ죬ˡ
ҲûЧģ٣ǵâһҵ
Ȼʹâֻ֮ǰһˣȴҲͨ缶ʩţ׵Ķս졢Ľףܵش
ߵꡢΡˣҲܵСĲ
ԤϹȻûֵֻǰĶսˣܵâĳײ׷׷һƺߣȫܿƵسź߱˶ȥ
ͬʱѪҲڿ֣һֹȻûֱɱսˣȴ˲ȫˣ
˵ĵֵһνâСһ룬ʣµģȴҲǲֵġ
ʹˣγ˵ǣ׷׶һ̺ѪҲ˺üʮԶ
ǲû˶ΪµĵڶȻٴϮ

ߵŷ御۵ס
ĵҲ⿪ʼ˵ʵȷЩ͹һԲ缶ʵ˲һ棬ùŷ޴ֵĸо
ƺԼĸܹڵһʱԤеȻҲ˲ƹȥǡþ˲ƵԼȥ·֮ϣùŷʵơ
ңȻԼ˲ƾ볬ֻҪӦ㹻ĻȫԽ˲أԣ˲ƾ룬ûжơ
ݺһҧŷ֪ˣȻ˲ͻƲˣôֱӲɣ
ҪǵȵҲϵĻɾ͸Ϊˣ
оһ£ŷû˿ɣкðһѪɫȻһȣ;޸˲˫ۣң֮ͻ֮ġ
ڸոͻƣŷ岢ûüѡһԸɴùЩˣУɴ͵Բ缶ɣ
Ȼʵ϶ǲԲ缶ģҲ̫֮࣬˫һɫ˲ͱ
硤ʽ
ɻ֮ʩŵİʽһ˲ۣպƣɫٴ˺ü֡
ܴӹŷһиӦЩļµǻ֮ľȣ˿⡣
ҲӹŷİʽиӦĳЩĲ֮ںϳ̶ȣԶԶ޷Բ缶Ტۡ


944 ˳
ֻԲ缶е׵ĴڣʵҲǿġ
ǣȴˣŷ廹һƷߵȴʦҩʦ
ңܹƳֻֽʮƷĴμҩҩʦ
ʵ֮ǰŷһ׼磬ƳŴμʮƷҩ
УǱСӿƶٶȵСӿ칥ٶȵС˵ҲС
ЩҩһǸھƷߵȴʦĴμʮƷҩ
ղţŷûע£˲һżǱġӿƶٶȺ͹ٶȵҩǹŷһʵȴҪϸӦĲٵġ
ּĶսԤƵһ֣Էһֲ
ˣѹû뵽ŷܹƳֻ缶ЧҩԼĲ²⣬ԲȫֱӲȡ˹
ĿľΪ˻ɱŷ壬ŹŷĹԼ̫˺һСˣŷˣֱӽŷɱǷǳ顣
ˣκηһ̶ļУҲ֪Ķóһȣ˲ʩţ۳һʮ׵Ļâ㳯Źŷ幥ȥ
ܿ˹ŷĸâģ˼һоɰܣ
ȻҲܹ˲ƵĹŷ壬϶ǲ׾ͱģҲص׼һأٽֻأӭŷģһ
̣õȷãʱǻϵġ
ֱŷĹֻҵľ֮ʱȻ˹ŷһĲ֮ͬɫʱһ䣬Ȼо⸫âȻǴ󳬳ԼԤƣ
ⳬһ㣬ȴҪ⵽شܿǣһܿɾ͸ŷͻԼشõ
׸ô죿
ƴشҪŷأǱȫŷ崴һܵ
һʱò⣬Ҫǹŷ˲ƾ볬ʮףҪعŷ壬ʩչ˲Ʋ
ǣ˲ѾعŷļˣټԼһ˲ƣǾ޷¹ŷˡ
ƴȥعŷ塭
뷨Ҳֵ̫ˣϾԼһգ
ֻҪܹ¹ŷһӣ棬㽫ٶƿأ
ϣԥʩչ˲ƣʩչ˲Ƶͬһʱ䣬һߣŷӰҲԭյʧ
գأֻһ룡
ȵ
ͬʱҲٶȣһ˲ơ
ǣŷһ˲ƣɣ
ʱ򣬾ֻܲ¹ŷˣ
ԶϣҲ״¶ޱɫ
ɲأΪδԹȥػ˲ƵĻ缶ǿߣ
ʩŵԲ缶רϣ϶޷ʩŵˣҪعŷ壬ֻƾԼʶжϹŷ嵽Ǵĸߣ
һжȷȫԳǸʩųȫһ˵˿϶˲ŷģЮһ룬ܹġ
ֻǣ˵ףȴġ
յĶͷ֪ʱѾ亹ȴĨȥĨһ˫۾ŹŷʧӰʩŵĳ̶ȣӦΧκһ쳣
ȻصϣͻȻ¶һϲ֮ɫ漴붼룬㳯Լ߶ʮ֮ʩųһƴȫһſ͵ƣسȥ
ߵҲ¶һ˿΢ЦҲӦһ΢СϢȻϢϸӦⲨƺŷϢߣûκ޾ǿյУ˹ŷ֮⣬˭ģ
Ŀһ£ս飬ȫԿ϶һٷְٿ
ʱоκˣˣҲǳǱ˲ƹȥͬʱĹҲ˲ۡ
һΣֻأǽɱ

ˢ
յǵһƿ֮ûκعӦǹϢ֮ϡ
ϵЦҲɢһ˫Ҳһ㣬뿴ŷ巢ֱԼĹ󣬽һı飡
ΪʾܾһУ
ߣޱȷḻս顢иһǻۣҲǾʤĹؼ
ۣ
һ΢֮ȴúպʱüͷ
¹ŷ壬š
ǵһȴֱ˹ŷ⣬ȴǲˣ
кȻһַǳõԤУæһ£ʱɵ˵
ǿʲô
ǵĵȷȷǹʲô
ǣǹŷ
ǡǷһͷǣ
ǣ
ô
γֵģ
ͺնԴ޷תȫֲǰͷͻȻֵǵôһͷԴޣΪλͻȻ֣һûбΧĿֲѹѹࣿ
Ȼ뵽ʲôٴκȻȥͼھͷǰʮ֮ŷӰȻ֣
ˣˣ
ԭͷǸǹŷųģĿľΪ˻ǵĸӦԼڸԼϢ
Ҳ˵ոһ˲ŷҲ˲ƣһ˲ƣصǳֵλá
˲ƵǣһʱųͷǣͷǵϢǵĸӦȻٶ˲ƣ˳˳ͻǵĸӦӶǵأ
ͨ˴˵㣬ͺն˶ʱɵˡ
ԭԭ˲ѣַģ
ַȷУ˭ֶܹʱ̣ת˲˾ĵӰ
Űʮ֮⣬ӰٶʧĹŷ壬ͺնĵףһɬ
ˣջɹˣ
ԼˣһԲ缶һͨ缶Ȼ޷һոս뵽缶Сӣ
ٿ£ʱȴǻȻ֪𽥽ӽĹŷ壬Цŵ
ͺڣŷ壬ôҲͻƲǵķߵİɣ
ȻŷĿ꣬ǻɱҪںµڶ֮ǰ
һͰˣڶսǣôҲ޷ֵ˵ˡ
ܣɹ
ҲɵӣȻ˹ŷͼȻΪǡľ
ֻкٶʩųһŷضҪֵģֵһʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ϵˡ
˵ʱû˶սЩܹùŷ˼ɵİѱ٣ҲӦܹӹŷһЩʱ䣬ȻһԼ˽ŷΧϣҲǾûлɱŷĻˣ
ͬһʱ䣬ҲȻһٶȣǱ߸˹ȥ

ԭûעֱյĴŷ˲Ծ֮
ӦŷϢѾԼֻв֮ʱŻȻһʱͱˣ۵ĹҲһʱȥ
Ҫʵ޷󣬹ŷ嵽γͺ˵ķġΪҪǣʱŷɢɱʵ̫Ũֲ̫һ㣡
ԣҲ͵ʧȥסŷĻᡣ


945 Σ
ɵǶպͲ̾˿
Ǻ޲Լܼţֹؼʱ̾ȻӣҲ֪ƽʱ侲ȥĶ
ҧгݵضź£ȻûⲢ˿Ȼðµĳ嶯
ƻ缶ǿأȻ˱һոս뵽缶СϸŵˣҲ֪Ϊôģ
ЩҲˣҪ񣬻Ҫŷɱڴˣ޷ص󻼡
ƾһǾ޷ģֻǿµµĳ嶯ȵʲôϿȥסŷ壡
¶ȻѣҲ͵ʶԼһޱȵͼĴ󣬺ѾˣֻкԥذŹŷǱ׷ȥ
Ǻ£գǶ֪һΣҪŷ£µ졣
ٿŷ壬Ҳû뵽¾Ȼվǲ⵹ùŷˡ
ȻŷȻڿһȣһһâͺźʩŵǵڶȥ
ӹŷϹԮ˿̻ʱøâڶͿɼһе׷жôˡ
˵һգ۹ǿ϶Щġ֤գۡĸգʱȴʲôϡ£
ۣ
һ죬һ𶯣˲ڰ;ײȻ໥
ʱγɼȻǲףôľ룬ײݳ𶯣ǲǵġ
ʵ̫ǿһ㣬½ֻײĲҲμ˵Ȼˣϵ֣ҲһΪΣյŤ
Ҫٴһ㣬ôǵֱض˲顣ʱ򣬵޾ǿյеѹҪǵ
Ĺ֮󣬹ŷҲûȥºˣԶ΢ЦؿеΡɶŮϵɱѲеģΨᡣ

ԭбݣΪԼҲһγɶŮȻоûٽ֮ǰϤϢƺҲѾǰѾԼԼףϤϢԼЩ˰ɡ
ֱڣǲйȥעϤϢ˭ģֻŸոһӦ˵
⡭ϢѾϤòϤˣ
桭
γɶŮԭŵķģͻȻŷǰδеĻֻû̧ͷȥΪ£Լһ̧ͷȴȻһжֻһ˵һΡ
ΣԴӹŷ屻ץȥ֮󣬾һֱǵг֣ÿ̧ȥȴÿζоѣһеһУ顣
ǲ̧ͷһжһΣ˸Ұ
ս졢Ľףꡢˣ̧ͷǵĹȻǹŷû֮޲¶˼Ⱦϲı顣
磡ܡŷ塢ʦ÷򣩡
ͬʱϲغ
ǵĺγɶŮķĲһһʱ̧ľգǰ΢ЦԼˣȷ⣬ģξ
Ǵǰǳ˼ĺ˵ʱ򣬹ŷȴǺȻӰһ͵ؽŮüȦӵ뻳УϤ£ɢϤ㣬ŷĵףȴ
ֻϣŷѾµЩǵôġ
ȴһ仰û˵֮䣬ѾҪĻֻһӵһУڲС
Ȼڿɲ´ʱա缶ǿ߿ɲǰ裬ôһ򣬷Ӧ֮ĺ£ѾǸ˹
սƷռܣ϶ˣΪµĹѾʩչ˳
⹥ǶŹŷʩŵģǳ֮еĶս졢Ľף˶ȥġ
ʱŷȽŮսƷռ䵱Уôһܾܿͻһ£ʱ򣬶ս˿ɾ׶༪ˡ
ϣŷſŮֱۣ˵һ䡮ǶСġɱֱǵ־һâ
ۣ
һ죬໥ʱնˣҲ
ŷ嵱Ȼ׵ؾͽԼЩ˰ΧУǣôãڣҲֵˣ
ŷĳâһ˲Ƶã;޸۳һ˲䣬硤ʽѾɣԥһŭʮ׵ĸâֱͺķȥ
ں£ʱŷˣֻҪֵסͺնˣŷĴ˰Ȼȥ


946 ƾ
Ȼķչô⡣
ֻǰĿǰŷĵȷȷǸܹż˰Ȼ뿪ʵġ
ǣʱҪͻȻһзĻ缶һǻ缶еԲ缶ǿߵĻһУı䡣
ڹŷ˵Ĵˣ
ŷŸոս似ʩųһޱΣյĸоȻڹŷĵð˳
ޱΣյĸоΨԼвĶֵʱ򣬲Ż֣룬⸽ӦûһҲͨ缶Ļ缶ǿߣ
ңǵзѣ
ѵѲԼģֻͺֵܣ껹ǰ
뷨ֻڹŷԺ֮һţȻŷԼ˫ۿһӰȻԶһʯ߷ɳԼٶȳ˲ƶ
˲ƣ
ŷͫ׶ʱһܹ˲ƣǾͱʾ缶ǿߣһԲ缶ģ
һԲ缶ټϺպ¶ˣѾùŷӦúǳˡ
ʱһǿ¾ӣǷǳѵһ£
ŷ岢ʶˣաȴʶ
һԭ˿ϧŭ˫۵Уʱһϲ֮ɫ
ԭΪùŷ˵ģȴ룬ʱ򼺷ȴͻȻ˸ǿ֣
춼Ҫ˹ŷӰ
ĵޱ˷ܣæ˴к֣ң
ΪֵԲ缶ǿߣĺֻ֮ޱص˵ͷȻҲ˵ͼŷڷ˲ƹȥ
ľҲŷУͼѾǳԡ
ڳޱĮȻûеȻѾԴ˵ԸϤֳźպ¶ֵһͷ׷ɱȥ
ڳֵ߳һɲǣŷһǳϵľ
죬ô࣬ȽҵƷռ˵
ŷһʱγ˺ֻ֮ǰսĽףЩԶһʱ仹û̽սƷռ䡣
ڹŷôѾƴܵľģͬʱ缶лԲ缶
ŷûôܺǿ⡣
γɼҲ֪Ŀǰ״ûʱȴȥ˵Щʲô㲻ҪǣԼӣĻΪ֪ŷԸѵԼô˵ˣŷĻԼ
ȻǷ񶨵ģǴ˷ѱʱ䣡
ԣڹŷ廰ո£ǾѾſȻŷһ㽫սƷռ䵱С
ʼգǶûк͹ŷκϵĽ̸һкͳԵ񣬱Ѿ˵һС
γ˰úãŷͣԶĶս˱ȥȻʱȴڸ
ҲҺ֮ǰŷĹʹǵٶ΢ͣһ£ովսƷռʱ䶼ûС
ȻӽˣŷĿһû취ˣֳֻסһֹȻǾûнսҲƷռĻġ
ȥĴ缶ǿߵĹ
ŷвʼģʱҲ˲ôˣܲܲܶս˰ɣ
ɱһ
ϳ˵һֺĵһ仰
ǣȴ˵ıĮ
ʵ캣ϵĵڶ֣Ҳ캣縱ܽΪ߹ȴûг̫ࡣ
ΪķԸþ⸽ѰҽӦߵ쳣֮󣬲Ű
ڹŷ£Ҳŵģȴû뵽ȻҿӣƺѾǻ缶ǿˣ
ǵ¶˾ģСӣԲ
֪ŷǱץģҲ֪ѺΣֻǲ֪˳
ЩҪҪ֪һ㣬ŷ壬캣ûκκøУ
һ㣬ɱˡ
ǣʱжһʮ缶𺧣ۿŹŷҪ֮ʣǲأʯɳȻ˽һĻĻ
ˣ߳ɱĻ޲һ񣬷׷׶ŹŷıʩųԼǿһ
ߣҲһʱ̺Ȼһʮҵ˲ƣŷ岻ʮ֮һȣһâԥسŹŷ屳¡
ֵģȴ׷Ϲŷ壬ʵΣԡ
ڱһУŷ嶼ȻأʱҲѾ˶ս˵ߣֻҪһܹƷռ䵱С
ֻǣôһʱ䣬ԼضҪ˵ֹģ
ݺһҧŷ岻˿Ʒҩչֻ֣ܻܲʩֵǲǰǿˣ


947 Ĵ缶Χ
˵ģƷҩʩֵŷ岢û̫ġ
ҪδжôǿֻǴӶе֪ƺǺŶԡ
쵽̶ֳȣܲܳס缶ǿߵȫһŷͲö֪ˡ
ǣҲȥĹŷþͶս˵ľͨǵҲѾſæһͽҲƷռ䵱С
ҲǷǳ˽ŷΪ˵ԭ򣬷ĥĥ֮£ֻùŷΣյС
һսҲŷжʱһ
ûǵŷ˵Լܵļʽٰ˳ɡȻԭûжܼʵĻϡ
ʱĵҲ橵
ŷ˲Ƶʱ䶼ûˣֻƷҩʩ
ƷҩҲ׼ǽһԡ
ŷŸոһƷҩѾؿʼ֣һһ㣬ȫ洢֮ͻۣ֮ҲԼš
ҲƷҩھŲֵʱ򣬹ŷֻо͵һȻͿִǲ㿪ʼһһ㿪ʼѣŤûз
ÿһ㣬ŷอͻᷢһ󷭽ӿ㣬Ѿ˲ˡ
ֵĻ֮Ҳ˹ŷʱ䣬һֱһ˲ƣ뿪ԭλ
Ϊ缶ǿߵĹ׾ܶȥĻŷҲǰ㽹ˡ
ھ£ŷ˲ƸΣӰŸոһ֣ûŷκδϢĻᡣ
ŷˮһֱ׷ȥĻһȵƷҩĴԼɾˡ
ǣǰƣҪνأ
һŷ弸һŴμʮƷҩҩЧˣµһ˲䣬ǵƾѾָ
Ҳǰ취ŷݺһҧżļһݣõķȻˣǾƴһѰɣ
硤ʽ
硤ʽ
硤ʽ
Ʋŭ𣬹ŷ״񣬺ͣЪʩųǿֱӭ˳ߡԼյĹ
ںµĹ򱻹ŷ˹ȥ
㹥ȣµһֶƣŷ廹ǲĵġ
硤ʽޱȿ񱩵ǿյľ裬˲ĳߡ˹ȥ
⹥ǹŷƴȫʩţ֮ǿ󣬱ǹŷԼҲ޷Ԥơ
Ϊߣߡ֪棬̺źεǿġ
۵ԶԶЩԲ缶۵ģ֮Ǣ̶ҲԶԶ⹥ȴʤڼ𳬸ߣ֮ǻ֮ǵΪƷġ
ԣõ˼ֲȫ˵һԴﵽԲ缶ǿߵǿһĳ̶ȣ
ĹʹԲ缶ȥӣվ͸˵ˣɫ֮£æתŲ׷ŷٶȣҲȻ
ߣҪȻ࣬ɫҲǷǳأаսʩŵĹҲɽᱻ
üû뵽ȻôһҪǹŷܹһֱʩ̶ֳȵĹĻǽԼˣֻŹŷ룬ȴް취
Уȥ϶У
âһٱһ״μı
һɢİâĶƣ
һΧһƬأĳֹӵϢУͼҲʩֱ֣ӭ˹ŷͬһʱ䣬Ҳһȣһ˲ƣҲûʩŹʩչ˲Ƶ
Ȼֹŷ˲ȥܹ
ŷɫʱһ˵ʵʵڲ֪Ҫȥˡ
ƺܹõϵİ취þˣǰַǿʵȵȷͻƵ缶֮ҲˣһУֻԼʵս
ȻŷһԼ似һΣǲǾܹһսأ
ֻǲ֪ͻƵ缶֮似ĺ׶似ûã
ˣȲЩˣҲҲĺ÷ֻһˣ
оһ£ŷҲʩųϣҲûȥ˲ƶܹ׼ʱƷҩֵԼǾȫٶȥ򡪡
硤ʽ


948 ̣ûţ
νĺŷ˵ᳵ·
ûκ谭ֻǷֳһС־ŷˣ˲뵽״̬֮С
ʵкܶĴ죬ΪڻҰ½ŷ廹֮ʱôͣȴǿأ
ʵϣŷʵͣʼ޷˵Բ巽ƣŵٳ޷ͻơ
ǰᣬԣǾһŵǲŵؼء巽谭ҩ£ΪܾǿǿĶ
Թ
׾ٵؽĺ֮伫εĸоٴγ֡
һǰҲûʲôͬڶ伫ĸйϣôУⲻùŷ΢˵ġ
ֻҪ伫ָоڣô츫硤ʽҲʲô£
һ룬ŷ嵱ҳɣʡһӣͶһӵʤ㣬ŷæʼ
ȻֻǷֳһС־򣬾󲿷־˵֮ϡ
ôһᣬŷ⵽ʮϵĹУкüζǳߺĹ
ǵĹǼֲģŷ屻һ£ҲҪ㣬ܵ𶯣Ҳùŷ಻ԣþ
Һ֮ǰ׼ĴμʮƷʦҩ㹻࣬ŷھѾˡ
֮£Ĵ缶ǿߵΧʱ򼴱ǹŷ壬Ҳֻһ֡
ڴμʮƷʦҩİ֮£ŷܹǿסĹˣҲӦǿȵĽ࣬ӦҲ֮ǰǰֻŽңȻԵúǱ٣ڰȫʱûʲôġ
ΣȻߵ˿ƺͺȻ֮⣬Ҳʵûа취ˡ
ȻƺͺȻģȴôҲû뵽ŷ壬ȻӵһʩֵĻ
ҵ죡
⡭⣬ֻꡢĽЩ۷ǿ߲ӵеİ
ҼǣꡢѪŵɡŷ塭
ѵĽ϶͸ŷˣ
Բܣ
뵽㣬ҡҡͷȲ˵ģԣ˵㶼һ͵ģĽٴ󷽣Ҳܻɳ¶
Ҳ˵Ӧ˵׼ǹŷ屾˵ģ
εõģڳߡաѾԸȥ룬Ҳ֪
ʱֻ֪һ㣬ҵˣ
̰ͲκΣĵչֵ쾡¡
ƽʱһòȻĳߣʱҲѱͻջʵԣʲôӡʲô߰ھԵǰһУǰ㲻һ
ӣ벻ӾȻôһϲ
кҫĳߣͻȻתͷ۷̹Ȼ˵ôһ仰
һ䡮ӡǹŷ壬Ǻա¡Ƕúõһ£Ƥðһֱġ
򱻳ͻȻĻŪ£ֱ̹ð˫ҲԻָһͬŤͷŴĪâԼĳߣﻹ᲻֪ڴʲộ
¿ã£ƴã
ǣޱȸɴһҡͷ̬ǰδеؼˣͬʱˣôܹһ˶أ
ֱ˵һҲί񣬵Ҳ˵ĵļᶨ
ںպºֵܣֱӱ˹ȥ
պºǣûӵд˵ʸ
ԣһɱȻ۵׻Ҳָ֮ǰޱ飬е֣俴㻹Σ
˵ȻΪߵ˻ãɣЩ֮УҵΪߣѵӦøң
ҲΨӵд˵ܷӳӦеǿ󣬸㣬ȫ˷ˣ
ȻˣߵıҲ˿ΣһЦ˵
ߣ˵̣Ǿûŵģ
Ҳ߶˵ֱһ֣̬ʮּᶨ˼ҲֻһҹԹ˳˳ؽø㣿ȥɣ
ô˵еɱҲѹƣ˫ضѾţҪԺַʽؽɱºҲ귢֣
Ǿ仰ھԵǰʲôͬˡʲô飬һжԵǰհǰһ̣һսģڣȴνԷˣ
ɵǣʱҲǴ˵ͷ
Ȼ͵ԴСžŵʱ򣬺ȻһͳԲ󡢳˴ԵɤȴǺȻǶ𡭡


949 硤ʽ
ףʲôоȤӣһô
ŷмĻһףʱͽìܼеļ˾ѡ
ղţȻһֱڹŹŷ壬ǴעеСžźͻϲˡ
ˣֻǲϵؽŹŷ壬ڹŷ屾˵״̬ȴǲûйע
ԼЩʱùŷûа취ûŷҲ϶ʲô취վɣ
ңһȵѹŷڵǼ洢һգŷͽΪһͷûݵϻǻ׸
뷨ûģʵЩ͹˹ŷͣ˵Գ˼άѾ޷ȥ߹ŷ壬ΪŷչֵһУѾﵽԤߵ㡣
ڹŷɹ伫硤ʽѾкһʱˣԱ͵ͻƵٽ㡣
øղûעڹŷϣǹŷץ׼ѵõĻᣬʼȫ
һʼ򣬹ŷ͸оͻƵ缶Ϊ֮󣬷ǵûжĺ伫κӰ죬ΪΪǿ󣬶伫İ˸ε
ԣŸոһʼǱͣͻƿڵ伫׵صõͻơ
ͻ֮󣬹ŷȻ֪硤ʽжǿֻĵȻȻܵóһ㣬ҲӦ
ŷƣҲ屶
Ϊ伫ǸĵٶˣǸ̶ȶģ
屶
ŷ˲Ĵ硤ʽܹó߶Щɵˣ屶Ļ硤ʽҲ룬¾ǳ߶ȥˣ
гܣһͻƣŷֱ˳ĺȻעȫս档
һߡ˾ȻΪͲʵʵŷĵ׾ͲеһЦ
Ҳûȥ֮չ¶ʽΪǼʹҲ϶ҪԼ˵ǹŷֱӿڷһ䣬Ҳٳɣһڿ񱩵ʼ˻硤ʽۣ
ٿ߼ˡ
ŷĻʱ˾ѣȻŷ壬׹ŷͻȻǷʲô裬զȻðôһ仰
˵ʲôһ񾭲
ߡյͬʱһ䣬׼Ƚŷ壬Ȼٽ֮أĵ׺ȻһɼΪĸо
ָо÷ǳͻأ̾͸оһɲͬѰϢȻڹŷ֣
ߡжʱһæſӦϢȫȻڹŷ˫֮ϣӣƺĳֹ
Ϣ֮ǰŷʩŵЩ似ҲûʲôͬΨһͬǣƺ̺֮ǰҪǿˡ屶
֣ʱ˴ΪԾ֮ǰ̶ֳȵĹǽûʲô⡣屶Ļ
˿̣ʹǳߣݶʱ
⵽ôһ£
ôͻȻ֮䣬ܹʩųЩĹˣ
ߡôҲ벻ףպͺ¶ˣɫ䣬۵׾Ȼ˿˿֮ɫȻǱŷ۵Ĺŵˡ
ŷ۹ٶȣǷǳǳġ
ֻգ۹ѣ硤ʽѾۡ
Ȼ󣬹ŷһһȣ硤ʽʹޱȿ񱩵ȳ񾪾嵱еĺպ¶˳ȥ
缶ǿߵĹȻǿ屶˵ضΪ֮ʧɫΪ
ʹ޾ǿյУ֮ͻ֮۵ĸâʽɫɲҫһƬأͺ̫ĿѤ
Ѥıպ¶˲ˡĹǳߺ˽⹥ҲԻˣ
缶ǿ֮󣬿ɲЩԴһָܹûйŷƵִμʮƷʦҩԹָһˣͻ˽ǣ¾Ǽ¼궼ָܹ
ˣڹŷߺˣѹͲȥӣպ¶ˣӵ뷨ûС
ͲҪȥѣɫ֮µĺպ¶ˣһŤҲͳԱȥ˲Ƶǣ̬ԵúǱ
ȻҪ׾ܶȥǹŷͲôˡ
ǿƥľĿ£ֱ߹ĸâȻһշתȻ˳źպ¶׷ȥٶȣһ㶼
⻹꣬ͬһʱ䣬ŷٴһȣǻ硤ʽۣ˫һâͺЩĳߺɱȥ


950 սĻ磡
þŸâ׷źպֵܣǱߵĹҲźպɱ߶ˣӱϿƽɫȫ˹Ƶãŷˣ
ȻʵҲȷˣҪûͳ߶˵ĻպֵܣͽΪŷֻϻץµĸ
ŹŷʩŵâԼɱߺùŷǲ
Ҫǣ⹥̺ʵֲ̫һ㣬ǶЩɵټֹŷȻܹ˲ʩţһܹģһģƺҲͲô˼ˡ
ֻǡ
һʮġոս缶ߣȻһģлԲ缶
ôôоôʵ
Ȼͷˣ
ҧҧ˵ʵڳЩ
֮ǰûŷɱҲͰˣھȻ˼ҷѹƣ
ܹһ㣬˼ǰı֮ĵףʹûΪŷôöԸ
Թ
ŷ幥ܹ˲ƵǣȻҪȺպ¶˴ݵöࡣ
һһ˲㿪ǵĸâȴû׷ǣڿɢ
Ҳǵ֮Уþƹȥ׷ܹ˲ƵǣԲǵѡֻһ̣ȴٴˡ
ֻΪǲŸո˲ƶ㿪ͷֹŷǱߣȻâ;ѹͲκͣٵģټ˫ľҲ̫Զתۼ䣬һǽǰ
֮£Ψٴη˲ƣ㿪һֹ
ֻǣӰŸոճ֣⣬µĸâϮǺһʱ䶼û¡
ʱͳ߶ˣѵСӵҪǮҪֹ֪Ȼܹѹǰŷ壬ǣȴҲ޷Ӱ˰
⵽ҪʲôѵסǣȻרĽ˺պ¶˵
ߺţ̧ۿȥȻǼĵȷȷǷ׷Ǳĺպ¶ˣֻǣŷ뷨ûһʱᣬҪǶ˻ɱҲô׵鰡
Ƕʵ޷ŷ뷨ܾ͸¶һɹ죬׹Ķȴ޴ӵ֪
ˣˣʱ˵ŷⷽҲ޷ȡʲôãȻˣǾŰɣһͲ޾ˣ
ţҲͲȥ˼Ķˣֻһһ⿪ʼ˲ƶšŹŷ
ҪǴ˿ǽעעһܵһ֣ᷢԭЩû׷ǵĸâ˿ȴǷ׷װͣԭϸᷢЩâһְԲΣǺ·ȫ֣
ֻźǣѹͲ뵽ŷȻױȵӴȥôหâ
ٿպ¶ˡ
˿ֱǱЩâ׷Ҫġ
ҲҺǵٶȹ죬Ȼͱͬһĸâ׷ˡ
ʱǲҲزУѹûйȥ۲Ǹʲô
һԵĺǣȫˡ
ȴҰ֪᲻ΪԼһѣŷ̬ɱԼأ
ԼûλʵܹǿǸâ׷ֻҪŷ幥һʩţԼǱˣ
ҲΪӦע⵽ġվĸâԽԽ࣬ȴǲ˵һ仰ʼճ˿־ؿŹŷ̬
Ʒҩ洢ȷûҲס˿ֲġ
߶ۼ˴Լϰٵâ֮Ʒҩ洢Ѿֻʣʮ֮һˡ
ҹŷ屾ľҲѾ˶״̬޷ټƸĸâ
ǣŷٵȴ벻ɣֻһܲ߶˻ˣˣ
һˣŷȫаһˡ
ˣŷҲ룬תӡ
ʩųâŷжȻһâһȣӴľѾ·ϰٵâ׷ٶȣſ񱩵ƣͳ߶˱Ϯȥ
պƣ˿أҲ޷أյĿ籩һ㣬κοٵâ壬˲仯촷ۣޱ͡
ͬһʱ䣬׼˲ŷâͳߣ˲䣬Ȼڷ쳣һϸӦӦôหâͬʱʱɫҪѿжѿ
ңϣһ˿εĿ־֮ɫ
ֻǣùŷ循ɵǣԸоϵĿ־壬ƺηԼĹ棡


951 ڶ֣
߶¶ĲͬѰľ֣ŷʱüͷ
ɲǾϰٵâǿ϶ھ
ֻǣǵھʲôأ
ŷʣͳߵΪɸӿ϶˹ŷĲ²⡣
ֻɵһ˹ŷһۣȻ˵ҲЩˣֱӾͿ˲ƣٶȳź󷽳ȥȻͷҲصؾܵˡ
ǲ͸Ͻܣ
Уֻһ˲ʺͿ־Ļص
⻰ȻǶԺա¡ֵ˵ġ
ֵĻٿǾȻҲתӣȻ׵׷ʲôȻ˱֣ȴǺԥѡǵĻ
ȻǸո׼֮ʣϰٵâǳܲס֮õۣȻϰٵҵıըȻһƬ򶼸ըһƬޡ
ⲢǹŷܿƵˣֻùŷֱڶʮֲǣΪλ˿־壿ǣֵڿ־ʲô
ıӰŷüͷԭأûǰ׷ʼ֮˼⡣
Ȼʱŷĵ׺ȻһΣĸоΣյĸоǹŷ״θӦɫ䣬ȻΣĥµľȴ߹ŷ壬ʱκ鶼Ҫȥ룬ֻ׼һ㣺ӣ
ŷû˿ԥֱһתͳԶ˲ƶȥ
ڹŷո˲Ƴȥ֮ʱոϰٵâıը㣬ԭɢҫ۹âȴתۼĳ˽ȥƵãʱͲӰ
ڹâ֮ǵطȻγһֱʮҵյشգʮ׷Χ࣬ѾΪޡ
ʮյشͬһܹĺɫߣԲڵκ壬ر˹Ȼɡ
ŷ壬Ÿո˲Ƴȥʮ׾룬û˲Ƴ׷Χʱ͸оͻȻһױȵ֮ùŷ嶼ûκǰһ׵ľ롣
ùŷ循ģȴ֮󣬹ŷ巢ԼȻ޷˲ˣùŷΪ𾪣ּΣյĸоҲǿ
Ȼתͷȥŷʱͽһǣ֪ʶޣֱ֪ʮ׵ĺɫߵʲô⡣ܹ϶⣬޾ǿյмΣյĶ
ٿܵͳ߶ˣȻҲӦ״ͷֱʮ׵ĺɫߵʱ޲¶Թľ֣۵ףҲ¶һ˿ҡ
ҺԼ˷Ӧÿ죬ȻԼ˾͵ýˣ
ŷ廹ɶȻ޾ǿյʩų̶ֳȵĹѵĽͶϻ쵰ûк˵һ޾ǿܹصļޣͻȻһڶ
ڶ¾ֱֻ׵ģֻҪʮ׷Χ֮ڣʹǺպͨ缶ؽᱻսȥ
һʮ׵ĺڶԲ缶Ҳ޷⣡
뵽˴Ǹæ̧ۿŷ壬ֹŷֻ˲˰ʮ׾룬ټ֮ǰ뱬ըҲдԼʮһңԹŷڴڵλãǾڶʮһ׵ķΧڡ
ֻףֻ׹ŷͰȫˣ
Ȼ̶̵İ׾룬ŷͽȥ
ͳ߶˲һۣ۵׵Ľ֮⣬Ҳһ˿ŭƣǿɲкڶٶԹŷȥʲôŷȻûӳڶΧôͿ϶Ǳɵˡ
ΪΪ޷ﵽܹСһźڶ£û˭ܹӳڶ
ֻһ׼ɲֻͬŷһ𱻺ڶɽȥ
г벻ʣǽȥðգȴôҲܵġ
ʱҲע⵽ĺպͺ¶ˡ
Ȼǲ˲ƣȹŷһ룬ںڶ֮ʣӳǰ׷Χ
ҲȻ֪ڶģڷԼֻҪô㼸룬ͽڶΧ޲ǻ󺹣һʱŵö˵ˡ
ںǣһֱԶսԸûܵκӰ죬Ҳ֪ڶĿ֮Ҳûʲôرĸо
ǶԹŷ壬˿ĵȻһĪľ֣˵ӰԼ´ֻҪйŷֵĵطԼԵһʱܣ
ûǵķˣܽҲˣڣȻذɣ
Źŷ𽥱ڶӰɳ˿ϧ̾˿ȻԳ˵


952 ڶ
ĻȻĴ治ʣҲûа취
ҹŷȻ˺ڶΧڣô϶ûл·˵ģΪҲ޷
Ǳ̾˿ͷذɻذɣҲüȥѰҽˣ罫ⷨҲ׼缶ĵز
˵һ仰߶˵ֱչ˲ƣʧԭء
ߣδĺա¡ֵܾͷ׷ԣֻǵĿȴǷڹŷϵģŹŷӽǸڶȴҲ֪ϲǾ塣
ذɡ
ںֵܣ˵ʲôոսУѾǺǲ˵ôһ䣬ٴ˹ŷһ֮󣬱Ҳ֮תŻ·ȥ
ֵȻǲ˵ʲôҲѾỵ̂漴Ҳȥ

ŷĶͷ˿Ѿһһεػ䣬ʹЩŷȴûйȥá
Ϊʱоȥǿƥ֮ϣɹŷǰ̣ȴûκΰ취ֹ󵹷ɵ
ʵ̫ǿ̫ǿˣָоͺŷһͯȴһʿһ㣬ϣͲȡ
ԣʹŷ彫̵˳ȴɲܿƵšš
ŷҧأ뾡һа취ǶûκôҲȻһɷĵ׵Ľ
ǽԼİοǽţƷռ䵱УԼλӣԼЩֵܰ
ֻҪԼôǣʹӴ˶޷ˣ
Ӧʮ׵ĺڶǿǿѹ֮£ŷȴǺȻ侲֪ԼĿĵغҳײ϶Ӳȥģֻ뿴ʲô취ܹס˵
һ߼ȫǰ壬һ˵ٶȣһԺ˼κνĿǰ⡣
ϰ죬ֱֺ˶ʮףĺڶֻжʮ׵ľʱ򣬹ŷεطΧ뷨
ȻˣǾһ뱻֮󣬸Ҫαˣ
Ȼŷɲ֪⵽ʲô⣬Ҳ֪ɫߣضޱΣյĵطŷȴʼţΣգܲһȥͻᱻʳ촷۰ɣ
ֻҪһȥôͱʾôһ㱣Ŀܵġ
ȻֻǹŷԼĲ²⡣
ֻĿǰҲû취ˣŷֻΣ߲ҪһȥУ
оһ£ŷһȻȻˣôûҪȥ˷ֿˣҲܹһֱĻᣡ
һ룬ŷֱӷ˵ֿʱǹӴͳŹŷһּӽ˲ƵٶȵɶȥһĹ򣬹ŷӣѾ߿ڡ
ֱ߿ڣŷڿɫߵģ
ֱʮף˵󲻴˵СȴҲС
ֻǴ濴ǴӲ濴ĻᷢڶֻһҵĿȶѣȻ濴ڶȴһƬڣͿͷ
ָоͺڶǴ޾ǿͻȻƿһһĸоԵޱ档
ȻⲢǹŷעص㣬Ҫעģɫ棬׾߱Σգ
ýˣһܹ궼Ȼŷ̧ϸһƣɫɶûУ˺ڣǺڣٱ
ΨһͬǣֺڣһַԨһİڣôȥְأ˵ɣְڵУֲָͲˣ޷Ӧţ̬ţΪ¡
棬УԼģ溰ģְһִʻܹݡ
ޣ
µĸо֮⣬ŷʵҲˡ
ȻЩ뷨ֻڹŷԺеŷ弴ȥʱһƷҩʩŵ֣һһ㣬ϵؽŷУתۼ䣬Ƕʮγɡ
Ψһùŷû׵ǣȻԼڵûʲôģ֮ǰսҲõƷҩ洢ǼǼԼڵټƷҩʣʮ֮һȴҲʩųٲˡ
ҪһĻҲֻʩųٶʮ֣ԼڵԼͻᾡһա
ʱԼûаȫĻ
ŷǲֳһ˿ЦһУֻܿˣ
ţŷĿ𽥼ᶨ㡮ৡһȻ޾ڶ֮УʱӰ


953 ϣǾ
һΣŷ֪ʲô̩ɽѹ
һֹһ̩ɽ˷бԣ·һɽݺѹ£ӴѹʹŷѪҺӿһͻȻֹ
˺˵ѹ֮£֣붼ûгŹ޾Ȼڶɣ
ͬʱŷҲоԼһ޷ٶȣܿƵڶȥΧһּްİڡ
ŷʱѹû˼ЩһӦԼ־飬ᵽֿ͵ѹ֮󣬾֪ʹԼڵѾǻ缶ˣǣ޷˿ֲѹмʮ룡
˿ɣһƷҩһμӿ۵ٶȣһֳ֣ɢѭ
ŷҲѭвţ˼ٵ룬ŷԤ䳤ȣҲд絽캣ĳȡ
ɴҲܹ󣬾ôʮʱ䣬ȴԽ˾룬֪ٶȵ׿쵽˺εȵز
Ȼôľ룬ŷĸоȴֻǸոսڶѣڶж೤˵ûͷͲǹŷԤ֪ˡ
ֻܹΣϣڶûоͷġ
˾ҵĵУƷҩ洢Ҳһַǳֲٶš
ƣָܼķӵӰɣ͵Ĺˡ
뵽ŷĵײЩķӣ̫̫ˡ
ʹԼڵҲֻάָӶѣѾǶˡ
־棬Լ׸ȥܹάֵʱӳأ
ŷüͷȻһ͵˾þúԵҩ
ԴƷҩ֮ҩɾͱŷ֮߸ˣͻȻԼǲܹһҩ洢أ
Ȼҩ洢ֻΪͨıԴ֮ѣ֮£¾ǱֻҪܹάָ㼸룬ŷҲŹ
οԴ֮γɵ֣ô˵ܹάָ㼸İɣ
뵽ŷ嵱һҩӦһ߲ʱԴ֣˲ʩŶֵ档
ֻǽûгŷϣȻֲŸոһ֣գ۶Ĺɢ٣·δֹһ㡣
ǣŷȴȫע£ֵȷôһõģĵȷȷԵֵ룬⣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ϊҩ洢ԼܹʩųüٵЩֵʱҲ൱Ƿˡ
ܾܶһӣͶһֻĻᡣ
ǣŷ̿ʼȫʩҩ֣ͬʱԼڵҲʱֻĹ֮ʹá
ˣһһֲѣһһۣڣŷ嶼֪Լױŷ˶Զľ룬Թһ£Ҳǰٱ캣ľ롣
ңԶľ룬ŷ֪´˿ԼڶҲ֪жԶˣҪȥ治Ǽ׵顣
в̾˿̧ۿ˿ǰһɲļްڣҲ֪⵽ʲôʱǸͷ
ÿһ룬ŷ嶼оǹһһƾãÿƷҩҩ½һ㣬Σվ͸ٽһ㣬ʱ䣬Ҳ˹ȥ˴Լҡ
ӹȥƷҩҩѾʣ޼ˣٿһǰʼǰģΣŷֻһ߶ڵʼʹԼз
糱ˮţ߻صŵģΨʱĴ죬һһͺһٽ¡
ӹȥ
ӹŷڶڣѾȥ˰˷ҡ
˷ӣȴѾƷҩҩԼŷڵĵòˡ
Ԥƣ࣬ҲָֻܼһӶѣһĴ
ǰûκ⣬һƬڡޣ·ûоͷͨ
ŷģҲԽΪԼȥԼλӺЩֵܸǺã
Ӧڡڵֻʣһ˿Ȼ󳹵ɢŷ۵׳˲ʣʣԼȻôһַȥ
һյʱʱ䣬Ѿȥ˾ŷӡ
ʱŷкȻһȻӦǰƺһЩϤĲֲ˵ǷǳϤ޾ǿе
⣬Ҫͷ
ŷжʱϲȻоͷƺЩԶǣһùŷ循ϲϣ
ȻʱһޱӴѹѹһ㣬˲ùŷһϢ


954 ǣҵţ
˵֮ǰһɽ˷ŹŷѹµĻôڹŷĸоʮɽɸ͵ɽͬʱѹ¡
˺˵ѹʹԹŷĻ缶ʣڵҲ˲λǱѹȵ÷֨֨·ʱпܶһ㡣
อ͹ˣǱƤǲöˡ
ʱŷ˿·˺üȦƵãĵûʲô״Ҫˣŷǻ缶ʰ
֮ǿͣ¾Ǭǿ߹¶˲ŷһë
Ȼǿ͵ȴǸŲʮӾͻᱻѹȻͻ̶ѹ촷ۣջΪޣ
ڻ缶ǿߣͲҪȥֹֻѪҺֹͣȴùŷΪܡ
Ȼ缶ǿߵʵͬˣʹֹѪҺֹͣûиһҲˣʶȴҲ𽥻ɢ޷о
ȻڹŷǿľԣⲢ£ΨһĵǣʮԼ׸γȥ
˼룬ŷʾ֭ȴôҲҲһķ
ϣȴǰ
ȻӦǾ仰ľǳ׵ľϣǰȴ޷
˿̵Ĺŷ壬ڹ仰ĺ塣ϣֿɼԼֻҪټһӣֻҪһӣȻһӣĨɱһϣ
Ҳܾôȥֻһ룬ֻһ˰
ŷŭĿԲɣźڶͷѾɼ޾ǿգмȲʵŭš
Ҳƺ˹ŷ˲ʵȻԭѾ˹ŷڵҩͻȻৡһӹŷʶз˳ȻʼġģȻñƽʱ򻹴˺ü
Сг˸߶ȣڹŷȻ֮ʣֻҩֺȻתڹŷ֮УͷʼŷС
⻹㣬ϾŷǿյģֻҪп϶⵽ΧѹѹȡҩȻֿʼµı仯ĶھȻǿʼм£ڹŷʵڼֲʱ÷ס
ʱŷֻоΧӴѹȻһɣָоͺԭڰ׺ףת˲˰ϵĸоһ㣬ѹһɣַ
ŷ֪ԼʱǲΣˡ
ֻû뵽ԼģȻҩ
Ȼŷ廹û߾üꡢꡯ͵̧ۿȥʱ֣ԭҩȻҲܲסǰǿѹȣȻѣȻƣ
ӣŷԤҩָֻܼʮͻѣи룬޷ʹãǳױϣ
ȻǹŷԸ⿴ģǣʱ̣ŷҲֻؿţȴ
ʱ仺ʮʱѣŷȴ˼һŶߵġꡯԽԽ࣬ŷģҲԽԽᡣ
ȻԴƷҩ֮󣬹ŷûôùҩˡ
ҩһ·飬ȹԼԼһУУȴǹŷôҲ޷˵ġ
ŷҲ¶˾ģֻҪҩǳױϣԼҪ뾡һа취ָ
ƺǸӦ˹ŷֻҩڱϣȻһ͵߲ʹâҫڹŷЩǱ֮ϣůģĸ
ŷһ̧ƣḲҩڱ֮ϣҩ˵ɣʹ㳹ױϣҲһὫƬȫռȻþһа취ָ
ŷ˼ᶨ·ڻӦŷƵãâһ㣬ֻ
Ҳʱžһ죬ŷֵҩǳܲסӴѹȣǧǧƬڹŷ
ŷ岻˿ɣٴγֵѹȻһȣ˫ּٻ裬ҩǧǧƬ㾡ŷսƷռ䵱С
ʱڶĳڣҲˣֻҪټʮ룬ŷܹ
·ѧֻǱҩȣҩŸոһ飬ƷҩȻҲܿƵ˳ǰ㣬ȻŷУ
ѹٴһɣŷĬؿƷҩڱڣȴ룬ԼģԼ
Ʒҩ׼ǿӲ̶ȣȻҪҩٵġ
Ȼҩֶܹʮ룬ôƷҩҲܹʮϡ
ʮ롭
ŷ֪ΣĻӦǻˡ
ĴۣȹԼԼı
ֻŷ۵ȴǺȻһŨɱա¡ǡ캣硢硢Բ硭
ǣҵţ


955 ʲô
ʮ룬ܿȥ
һڶƷҩܲסѿֻûҩǰ㳹ףȴҲʹˡ
ûƷҩķŷĳŷĵģ᲻ٳȴûг֣෴һַǳǿҵֱӽŷƳԶ
Źŷ屻ƳŷܹӦǸɫߣʼ𽥱СģģֱʮףɰףȻʧ
ͷ·𣬴δֹһ㡣
ŷȻһָооɫߣͺһִͨƵöֻǣͨɲһܹʹõġ
ȻֻǹŷһָоѣʵΣŷȻǲ֪ġ
ɫʧ֮󣬹ŷйۿΧĳ
ȥʯʯȺ䡢ǳܲûʲôر֮΢΢üŷȴǲ֪һǱˡ
ֻ֪һ㣬ڣԼڵأ²һԶ
ңѾֱ治λо˷棬ǰķλ
Цһŷû뵽ȻôһԼǱ޾ǿյУҪֱλȥֻˡ
ҡҡͷ֮֮ŷˣڵص㣬ҪƷҩ޸ȻԼλźֵǷų˵
߶˷Ŀռ䣬ôһô
ʹǷױˣֻҪ޸ǰԭģƣ֮ǰĿռٴʹˡ
Ʒҩ鲻ʹˣŷȴҲʲô
ΨһùŷЩģȴƷռ䲻ʹãĽҲ϶޷ó޸ˡ
һҪ޸ƷҩΨ޾ǿյѰҽ޸ˣ
ֻǣ֮ǰڹŷصһƬ޾ǿյڣôԶƷµĽ٣ƷȴδǾ͸˵ƷϵĽˡ
Ҫ޸ƷҩҲҪƷģⲻùŷΪһʱ䣬Լʲô鶼ֻܽоѰҽˡ
ţŷѾ̧ͷʼѰ˽
Ȼôһ̧ͷŷȴʱ˵
ΪȻԼǰ֮һŲǳ棬ƺһЩһ棬ͨɰʯȫͬƺĳֽ
ŷʱɴ˫ۣҲ޾ǿնЩ˽ˣֻ֪ҪǳĳЩɰʯһĶôٷ֮ʮžͶǽˣ
ʹǽҲǱʯһ⣡
ȥɣѵʲôʲôԼȱ͸Լ
ҿǳϵĽ󣬺ҲƷģƷģԲҫ۵Ĺģ
üһԼȷǲ
ŷֿ˻Ϊֻۿȥ۵ģͲʮŴСһĽ涼ôˣ»
ٶ룬ŷæչ˲ƣͳǿǳȥ
ҲҺŷǻ缶ģʹûɲᱻ޾ǿյѹ˺
˲ƣһֶأ˵ǶռһҲǲҪġ
һ·˲ƣȵǿž޴ǳֻа׵ʱ򣬹ŷźȻͣȻʼĸӦǳɢѹ
ȻǰǳһЩʯҪСϲ٣ѹȴһǸǳġ
ɫߵ¼֮󣬶޾ǿգŷɸΪ
ҲΪŷݾ裬Ÿոһӽ׷Χڣʹһޱǿѹѹ֮ȻԶԶɫģûĻŷԻ𽥱ѹѹˡ
ңǿ˲ƿ϶ҲӰģʧȥ˲ƣûһ˿Ĺŷ壬ӳ롣
ŷĿɿڴؿǳϵһſŴСһĽȻᵽˡǰһ룬Ϊ޸һ룬ȴֻԶܴ
ЦһŷͻȻоԭʹԼͨ缶ǿˣԼȴҲǰٷְپܵõ֤
ΪΪǿٵĵˡǻΣգвǷǵ³
̾˿ŷֻεط˽ȥھ뷨ֻȽָ˹ܹˡ
оһ£ſϸӦһΧ״ֲûʲôΣ֮󣬹ŷֱԭ˫ĿʼĻָ
һΣŷҲѾ֮޻֮ѡ


956 ȫ޸
ûκԥŷһѡ޻֮Ҳǻ֮еġ֮
ŷѡǾ˿ǵġ
Ϊŷȡ֮ͻ֮ķУ֮ҪȻ֮׵öࡣ
ȡֻ֮ҪЩҩֲܹá
֮ȴҪУȲ˵ûôදŷɣ˵ŷܲƷռ䵱зŸͷԴޣܰɣ
ԣ޻֮ѵѡ
һѡ޻֮ŷʱһһֶӦڹŷͷ֡ӦǶ浱еĻ֮Ҳ֮ĸӦˡ
ָӦֻ֮Ҫŷ룬ôʱضܹղ
ֻһùŷҲ֪Լ֮յĻܴ֮ܲﵽǸȼأ
ģŷ忪ʼſþ֮ͨεĻ֮һʼչ
֮УӴĻ֮ڹŷľǣ£ˮŹŷӿһڣŷ鿴һʱŷ춼ֿ
ȻûʹֱӴ֮գԼ˾Ļ֮ڣ˵־ȵѾ˹ŷѪյģҲȷ־ȵģ
ŷҲţֻҪԼͻƵԲ缶ӵ˴˰㾫ȵ֮֮ǸʱԼͽµһˣ
٣Űû
֮£ŷ忪ʼȫ֮еĻ֮ЩտҲѨҲ𽥱Ļ֮
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ŷȻǿյ˫۵׾һˣŷͨ缶ǿߵʵǳȷ
ڿ񱩵ŷȻջһȭʱ֮𣬶ȭͷǰγһͷСУԼ֮ɢȥ
ŷǲɹһȣѾ˳ţԼʱڲƷҩİ£Լܽ׻ˣ
ǣɱҲǲܵ飡
ٶ룬ӵ£ŷҲηǿǳһչ˲ƣǿǳȥ
Ÿոһ뵽ǳķΧ֮ڣŷʩųһֻ֣ȴֻɻ֮۶ɵģڷ棬Ȼǲͬʱ۵ġ
ӦѹȴҲǿ㹻ˣȻŤ÷ǳڹŷԴԴϵ֮£Ҳûгʲô⡣
Ĵ߶£ŷҲǿӦǳ֮ϣһɨҷʮ״һԼȭͷСĽ
̧ȥŷ֣־ͽأȭͷСôһ飬ȻشǧҲ˵ƷʣҲƷġ
Ȼ󣬹ŷ㿪ʼ۲ģ
ͨΪɫһɫȴɢɫĹâԵֺÿ
ɫ֮⣬Ҳûطʲô쳣ˣͨĽ޶ŷҲܹȷƷġ
ƷĽƷҩ޸ͼǴ´ġ
ҲӦòòģǣŷûٶ룬ֱӾ͵ϥһƷҩӹŷʶз˳Ȼ˵ϡ
ΪƷҩûҩ𻵵ôףսʶǿġ
Ʒҩ˳֮󣬹ŷͽȻעǿ棬ſʼ
𻵳ƷҩѾʧȥսֻŷȻ뵽Ʒҩȥ
ΧһӴѹŷһ߿άֵתһ߿ǿĵЩ죬ڹŷǼĻָ֮£Ȼܹĵĳƽܿ죬ֻȭͷСĽͱŷɹɡ
ûжֻʣ¾Ḻ̌ŷ뵽ƷҩУÿ鶼һ㣬˲ܱ֤ȵ޸
ܿ죬ͱƷҩȫŷҲܵƷҩϢҲӴһ㡣
ȻЧ
ŷһϲָĴ߷£ŷ̿ʼһѰҡ롢޸
ʱ䣬Ҳڹŷȫ޸УҴš

תۼ䣬һʱ˹ȥ
һŷͳͳûɣȫ޸ƷҩĹ档
ҲҺĽȷŷ²һ㹻Ķ࣬һ£˵ҲͷСĽĽɻкܶࡣ
һƷ޸ҲӦеЧһ죬ڽƷҩ޸ԭģ


957 ֮ļƻ
һƷֻǽƷҩ»ԭҪٻָ֮ǰĶУɲôĽܹġ
ңҪѵʱ䣬ҲԲһ졣
Դ˹ŷѾ׼Ʒҩԭ֮һЩҲܹʹˡ
磬Ʒռ䡣
ŷһԭʧ漴ͳƷռ䵱С
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ģγɶŮεεľ͸¶ϲȻŷ͸оĽԼĻ΢ĳ֮
ŷ΢ЦظŶŮ۵ıЦûˣûˣѾɹ˳赣ġ
֪ԼһûϢǱضǼ䵣ĵģֻǷԼϳѾʪؿһƬܿ
磬Ҿ˵ûµİɣôͨһɰֶɲ磡
ʱ˶ս˷ܵشЦֻȴ͵һĺļ򣬹Ц˵
Ҳѵõ¶˷ĵЦͷûƺ֮ǰһҪӵĵİɣҲ֪˭ÿոӾͻ˵һ䡮ɶʱ仰ÿǧ飬Ƕ䶼ˣ
ؿ¶ЩεĶս죬Ц
ⲻǵ˵ףҲҺöٰɣ
սٺһЦ˵ôһ֮󣬱ŷߣ˷ܺͺʵ磬պºɵûУ
ûȥҲûȥʳߣʵľǺֵܣɼѾ޵ɶز
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ĻꡢĽףΡɣ׷׿ŷ壬ѯʡ
ŷɫȴǳҡҡͷ˵ûУҲ󣬲ֻҪܻȥضǵڣ
ŷ˻˵նһûнǻɱùŷƣҲԣһΣԽǵڣ
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͵ͷû£ǹ죬ȵǻȥȽڵȻ󽻸ãһΪΪӦеĴۣ
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ǾԵģ
ս졢Ľף˷׷ĥƲƣ¶̹⣬ģͺϾܴúֵһ㡣
ͼһᣬŷ˵һʱ䣬ǾʱɡλãԼҲ֪ĶͦΣյģҶòС¡
ȻһעһЩ֮ȡͻƵ켶缶
˶˽صͷӦ
󣬹ŷһƷռϷƯ̷ֳһ֣Ȼע˼ڡ
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ԣŷ岻׼׼ȽĽȫչθɾȻȥѰµġΪ߽׵Ľ޸Ʒҩ
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ЩԴޣ˵Ǿ͸Ϊֲˡ
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959 ߺˣ
γɶŮͷֱŷ֣עûϵģѾǿؼ䣬ʲôܹסġ
ڶԹŷ壬һäĿΣҲǣ˭ܹڰʮ䣬ΪһԲ缶ǿߣһǿһ棬˭һ뷨ġ
⻹ǲҩʦڡ
ǰɩ˵ûͲ޾ǿûͷˣ꣬ٶȣ඼Χ߰ǧȦôľ룬զ˵Ӧǿ쵽ͷ˵ģԶ簡Ͳõˣ
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ŷһЦͷ˵ˣҲ谲οˣٹһɣһ껹޷ȥôͲȡǸɣ
˷׷׵ͷǣһ˼·
ûһŷȻһæǰȥһž޴ǳתţ֮ϣ˸Ųͬǳҫ۵ĵ

ңǳԽƷרĽ
ŷ۾һ˵Ӧôδ缶ǿ߲ɼּĽٵĿ
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ŷ˵һ֮󣬱ӰһٳǱ˲˹ȥ
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ϸϸһƽĻӦͷСҡֻôҪƷҩĻԶԶġ
٣ҲҪҡ
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ʲôŷǳţڿԳȥˣ
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960 ôţ
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ȻҲѾӦε˵Ϣֱġ
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961 
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ϵЦޱȲãҲ˳ŹŷĻ˵ģ˫ۣȴ޲ǿŮֻźǣʹŮ˫ۣȴûͣһ룡
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ʲôԺеʱѰңҲһʱԵȻˣǾӦԮְ֮һϵܣ˵ǲǣ
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Ȼæͣ뷨ȻƵãҲλɫŮӽӴӴ¾ǿһۣҲĿ鰡
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˵˲оǲУûҵȥ
ŮӵȻͬ⣬ԥٴηϵ
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962 ţţë
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˫һæָǿǳϣŷµһСͽЦŶԵŮ˵
ǸŮһûϵȻôɵ飬һʱ䣬Ҳƿԣ֪˵Щʲôˡ
һ룬ֻҪԼߣʲôɣ
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ţŮҲûٶ˵ʲôˣɫ϶ǲÿģŮҲ
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ҲЩ˴кŷͷ·ûпЩƵãֱӳǹķ򣬴ż˾ͳǱ߷ȥ
⼸ˣȻû뵽ŷ˻ߣǸŮ㶣ûж˵ʲôǼ꣬뿪ֹģǸŮһɨʱڨڨһЦû˸˵ˡ
ǣŷ˱ֱӴ⼸Էɹŷ弸ˣǿûгǿһۡ
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ʱǸʱͷ״ɫһҪùŷ弸ˣǽҪλɫŮӣǴ룿
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ŷȴûȥǣһ໥е죬һ߼ǸС
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̣㹻ˣ
ȻһŭشǸԲ缶Ůһŭʲôųȥ״ʲôҪԼŷ弸ȴûȥЩˡ

ȷ˳ȥ·֮֮·̣ɾԵࡣ
գҲ֮ǰǰˣ˵Цģ·һ㡣
Ψйŷ΢΢üͷȻ߳ȥǿ϶˵ģ磬ȴҪλȥأ
ŷ壬ʵǵǱߵ״Ρ
ĵ̾˿ҡҡͷŷȽЩ˼һߣڵҲûãֻܵȵȥ֮ȥİ취ɣ
أ߰ٶ磬ôĸ֣ܻһЩ֪ȥİɣ

˵ӦѾӽ޾ǿյıԵһߣ˽һʱ䣬ùŷٴθӦϢ
ֻǣһӦùŷһ
ΪθӦϢȻʮңһȫǻ缶ģ
Ȼ󲿷ֶͨ缶ֻôԲ缶ѡ
ǣʹˣҲùŷһզ࣬Ȼôһ磬缶ǿ֮࣬ԶԶܹġ
ʮ缶ǿߣҲͬӦ˹ŷ˵ϢûЩһ߷һȥ
ȻǶڹŷһˣû⡣
ŷɻǵΪʱȻһĿɿڴǶһʱ䣬Ȼ˵
ԼԼӦʲô
ΪԼĸӦУһ缶ߣԡˡȺӵڸȥ
Щ缶֮⣬ƺдӦ˵켶ǿҲǷȥģʲôʲôʱ򣬱켶缶ǿˣ
ոգԼֻǴԵĹһ£ǻ缶ǿߣ¾Ͳ֮ɣ
켶ʮ֮
ҵ죡
Լʹ߰ٶɵ磬ضǿƣǷҲֲ̫һأ
ŷֻоԼͷǣһʱ޷ǰʵֱ㶵شԭء


963 һ磡
壬ôˣ
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ҲһģǵΪԸӦôԶ
εĻùŷ˲Ӵ͵ѹ
ľȻתͷŷûиı٣Ŵ죬Ͱ͵˵ҡƺӦ˺ü缶ǿߡʮ켶ǿߡ
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ѵһڿˮһȵĺ˿ûأȻؿŹŷ壬Ͱ͵ʣܣ㡢˵ģɶģ
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964 Ԭ
˼һۣǶһĺ棬ŷ˵ͷǣŷֱӴż˷˹ȥ
ŷ弸˷ȫ˵Ŀ⡣
ǾȻطɣ޲˲죬Ȼʮֲŷ弸˵Ϊ
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Ҳֹͻƾǿͻƣֱ⹫ı׼˰


966 Ѱһؼҵ·
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ԣҲΪΣֻҪ׼޼ǿһͽϢǿǰѡεԭˡ
ΪֻҪõһһָ㣬ǳٶȣҲԶԶͨ˵ٶȣ
һһӻУŷ˽һȫȻһ硣
Ƕţ죬ǶţϵëȫȻ粻һϵġ

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967 Ԭȥ
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ĶĻһСʱҪȡһǧ߲ʱԴʯġˣҪĶǹأ
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ѰСʱ鼮ȫ˸飬ȴûһ֣ղòε̾˿׷׿ŷ壬Ƶҡҡͷʾûҵ
ŷҲ׼ʵϣֺǿҵԤУоǸɫֻͨҪͨķȷӦǿԻصĸġ
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硢˵ԼЩƲֹۣԼλӺֵԣŷɲȥûаյ顣
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⣬˰˾Ű߲ʱԴʯȴƨûҵҲǹŷ壬Ҫһˣµ⻨Ǯ㹻ۺһˡ
ǣ˾Ĺŷˣԭ·أŽַ˹ȥ
ʱǰǸԲߣﲻŷҲҲأֱӸЩ߱ˡ
֣޾ǿյУ󣬱ҴȺǱ߷йȥ
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ԼӦҲ׼޼ģΪɶεȴٳûͻһϰأ
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968 Ҳȥ
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Ҫ뷨˵֪˵Ļһݺ¹ŷһ¶ˮ
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Ļǿǵ硭ƨǰ
и̾һ£ŷȴǺȻƷҩЩԴޡ
ЩԴҲ֣Ѿԭһͷǵͷ
ЩԴޣֻҪ㹻֮ŷţЩԴȫ缶
ͷ缶Դޣ
ŷֻ룬;Ц˻
ֻҪԼԴޣƺҲЩǿ
Ȼ·̻кԶŷҲֻƻѣΣҪԼܹö֮ˣ
һ·ȥ·ɫҴҵߣŷһˣȴ˻ͷۿģһγλɫŮӡ
ԴˣŷҲ⣬˵ʵ˵ǿǹŷţ¾Ǳ׼ޣԼʮ缶ǿ϶ӮģҪסԼҲǲܵģ
ԣŷ廹ûʲôµĵط
ȻЩ߷׷תͷŮҲ˶¶ͳԵɫȴҲû˭ڨġ
ʲôԭҲΪӦԬڵ磬˭ΰɣ
ŷȻҲֵУһߺֵģһյǱߣԱɫҴҵߣȫȻ
˴Լʮңǳظ
˵ǳǳأʵϣﲢûгǽֶҲҪ
һݾôţκεطܽǳأ࣬ȴԵӵ
֮ӵ̶ȣȫﵽ˼ˣ߲ĵز
ŷҲ룬ֱӾһʩ˳ԼλȫСڶսǡҲû˭ȥռǱˣȥǵͰɣ
ֵıΧγһƬΧ߱˵ǳûˣŮϵ㣬Ų㡣
ŷȻԱ߲˵ĲȴҲû˭ȥŭҲ磬Ͼŷģɲֹŷһˡ
ŷ壬ǽȥĶ
УĽףѯʵ
ŷ룬Ȼ¶һĨЦݣҲȥȥ
ŷ⻰ʱһʲô
֮㶼Ӧ˹ؿŹŷ壬ʵ㡭㲻ҲȥʲôԬӵĵӰɣ
ŷƳ˵Ķսһۣô𣿡
սʱŷȥԬӵͽܣ
¼䣬ĸб췽ҹ̷
Ҳùŷ뷨⣬޷ǾȡʤȻ˳µľܺԬӽӴˡ
Ȼŷ˾Ȼй죬Ҳû˭飬˵ͷ͸¶Щ˷֮ɫط߽һҲǲѡأ


969 确ͲԱϣ
ĵصңֻ˶ĵطߣ׼û
Ȼܿŷ˾Ϳǳĳ޴Ĺ㳡ϣѾ˺üͷһӣԼߵĹԱ
ŶӵԼÿһӳǧˣҲΪŷԭɣҪĶˣȻҲʮϡ
ǧˣҲ˽Сʱֵŷ弸ˣŷǵһ
Ϊ
Ǹʵ
֮ǰŷиӦӵΪȻԲ缶ȻӦֻǸͼҲǷ˵ĵͼԲߣԲ缶߸¡
ò˵ǾԲܷ顣
ʹ켶£
ŷҲ⣬ֱӵŷ壬ͨ硣
ûʶŷ˭ֱӱˡ
˸ǲī৵ؾһֽд¹ŷֺΪȻóһ鲻֪ʲôƳɵӣݵŷǰصעһ˿ȥ
ŷƸϣȻڵһУټһ⣬ŷϢˣˣ޷ģµġ
ĺƣƺǡ9999999պˣ˱ʧȥ˾ʸ񡣡
˽Ӹ˹ŷ壬˵ôһ֮󣬱㲻ŷ壬صһ
ŰپʮǧŰپʮţ
ŷȻǴԼõôһ˼ĺ룬Ǿڣ˵ֻһˣʹﵽһǧ˴Σ
ʲô
Ҫ֪Ǳ켶ͻ缶ǿߵľ
ٿԼǳĶ飬ŷƣβȺҲһǧϣ
üһǿߣ治һĶడ
̾һ£ŷҲÿˣ֮Ůǰ
һŮǸԭӣʱ˫һȻͶŶŮͿһʱȻԼ˭Ҫʲô¡
ֱŷ΢΢üͷǱ߶սҲʼָؽûӣءʱͲӵӣڻع
عݺݵصûӵĶսһۣȴҲûжԶսʲôǺȻһɨԹŷʱı䣬չ¶崺΢ЦǰĶŮʵλĹ𣿡
ûȶŮ˵Ǳ߶ս첻µزµľֹסЦһĵԲ缶أϲ˵ЩƨϻǱģѵ̸˵ģ
ŲںǲԲ缶أֻ֪һ㣬йŷ׼޼۷ǿڣһͼԲ磬򰡣ȻɫеضŮ˿
ǻòͷˣ
ս졢ɤţǲö˵սɤҲС˺һ𺰳ģǴһ֮⡣
⸽ģһǿߣޱȾˡ˵Ļٳ߿һۣ޲Цȥ˵һԲ磬⻹е顣
رǻġ
Ǹӣͱս˵ĻβѣΧһƬЦʱ÷ˣֻùŷ弸ЩǣˣӾȻûжԶսôҲ֪Ǵȣбԭ
֮ôɣҲҶ˵һ仰ˣͰؼ¼ΪȻһ
ֵս˵ʱӷ·ȴ˸ղŵһ㣬»ָģ¼Ϊ;ûκⷢ
Сûŷ弸˹Ĺע֮ǣתȥ
ղڱʱѾ˾ʱ䡣
ʱ֮λǳĲԭ֮С̨Ҳ쿪ʼ
ڱ򣬺ǲȡͬͬΪһһɣȻٽһֱȥóʤߡ
ʱ˵ҲҪ֮߰죬Żֵŷ˲սս֮Ҫ˵ֱܾҪһµʱŹ
ŷ壬Ҳ֪֮ǰЩΪɫǰæˡ
ԭҪһҺõס£ú
ڣ˵Ĺŷ弸ˣʮõ꣬һշûУ֮£ŷɴϢˣֱӴżȥĴɽˮȥ
оһ£ŷ̲סˣԶŮЩΣôûжʱ棬ιŷֻ棡
ŮһȻޱϲˣ㿪ʼ𣬵ȥɽͨǰ¶Ӫأȥĳԭ߿羰أ
ȻŷŮ߳ǳأҰȥ֮ʱŷ۽ǣȴǲؿһۺȺĳһǣȻһζĻȡ


970 确ͲԱ£
ŷǹĻȺΣߴߴĶŮûз֣˵ˡ
ûڹŷģ֮ǰǸӣ
Ҫɶ
ŷ룬ͲĻأԼҲ˳ɻɱˡˣǿȱõ֮Ҳøʮˡ
ŷ嵱ûз֣˵˵ЦЦдŶŮŲԭȥڶս켸ˣ֪ŷľ֮ʾԼҿյϢǶˣǲûи
ŷ壬ҲǵΣգڳǳظǲ˭Ҷֵġ
һ·˵˵ЦЦ磬ŶŮЦ·ΧĻ䶼øΪ޷ҷ
Ȼ鲢ûгãŷ˾ǳһٶʱǸӣ̲סˡ
߾ǰߵģͣ£ҾͲˣ
һ𣬰ӴƣȻŷУƵеɱҲùŷǵЦŨһ
ŷͣ˽ŲŮҲڸղŵ֪£Զӵĳ֣ûиоκ⣬鵭Įؿ˲Ƶ˼ǰӣû˵
˵˲ƣʵϣ޾ǿյǸԲ缶̵˲ҲֻǶһңǿﵽҡ
ֻһ㣬ŷѾԤ˵ʵ£һֻ־
ֻһƷԲ缶
һͽ˫۷ڶŮϣֱģе̰˿Σ֮ǰȫˡ
ǣ벻˻һڵαӣ֮ǰսǰ˵װûһΪؿأԭѾģ
ֻܶԲˣǵƣھԵ֮£һжǿ̸
ιǸ˭˵㿴ûٿ˰
ŷϴζسߺһ
߶Ȼ񣬱ȫȻأĿؿŹŷ壬ȻһЦǼͬǲûиǹģ֮Ҳһһһɱˣ
˵һ䣬۵׵ŨŨԹױ˿ŮٽĿŷ壬˵Ҳ֪ɵɵôΪȻҴλ˾Ůӵܣ
ǳ֮ɫƺŷϵ⣬磬ܶ磡
ŷѾٺ˷ϻˡ
Ȼ˼Լգ̫ˣ
Բ缶֮
ܺãܲ
뵽˴ŷϣͲ¶һ˿ЦݣͷŶǡΪأ
˵ţҲκΣ񱩵Ϣ˲ӿͻȻıըƣֱӽӸñʮͣ£Ȼ˫ãؿŹŷ壬Ȼ֪׷ʲô£
ΪΪǷʸĴأ
ŷζؿѾعȴʱ˵ӣʵ
ߣѾǳ˵һ仰ˡ
ΨɵɵءؿŹŷ壬ĭƺеʡ
׼׼ޣ
֮󣬲ڴͰ͵رĳô֣С̬У˷𺧺š
Ҳǣ˵ˣԬӺ׼ޣȻŷΪʱҲضһĸܡ
⣬ҲǹŷΪҪȥñķʽȥӴԬӵԭ֮һˡ
óȻ֣Ļ衣
㡭㡭㵽˭
ֹ˺һߣŻԼڵľأĸģԼԼȻɱһ׼޼ҡһҪŮˣ
ոɣ
ҽǲûΪܵ飬ȻԼˣ
Ͳù˭ˣֻҪңԬ֮⣬׼޼ˣԼɣ
ŷ˵˵ţͻȻͣ鷳ֱȥȡļ÷㣡
ţ֣Ҳ̧
㡭ҪʲôҡҿԬӵӵʮӵģ㡭㲻ɱңҡҡ
ߣԭ˵ʦҲԬӵӲŹŷġȴͻȻ˹ŷΪʱ¶һľ֮ɫ
Լʦ
˵ԼʦˣʦԬӣ֪֮󣬿£ҲΪϰԼȥͬǿսɣ
ŷǲȥϻ̧֣Ȼָ΢һ׼ĵָ״ȻӾԹ鵱Уһ
ʱһĻ֮۵â˲ưٶȣŶԷͷȥ


971 ϡĪκΣ
˿ֲ֮£ʹӣһԲ缶ǿߣȴҲûκĿԡ
ûκ⣬𺧺;鵱Уâֱֱ͸üģ뵽Ժ֮С
âէһ룬һϵĿ־塢𺧵ȵȱ鶼ûб仯Ψͫףʼ𽥻ɢɢ
գеϢȥֻʣһ߿տǡ
ɱֻǵָѡ
ҲϢʱ̣ڵ֮㱻ŷ˿ŷ嵱ºؽͳͳͿʼѰӦļ䡣
Թŷľǿ̶ȣǲȥѡģΪʹͬʱںǧٸ˵һ䣬ҲԹŷκӰ졣
ȫں˵ļ֮󣬹ŷ壬Ƕ磬˱Ƚ˽⡣
׼޼
մ˵ļ䣬׼޼ǿߣֱСϡĪκΡԬӣǿˡ
ǵΪҲǲֲ٣û֮֡
õʲô似ȵȣ߾Ͳ֪ˣ˵ûʸȥֻ֪֪ǵΪΡ
ȻȻǿˣǴìܵġ
˵ֱӾͽ⼸ٸϷֳݣγ㶦֮ƣƽʱҲụս̣һ㶼СС֣ԲսǲĴսӦ˵ս˲Ŷԣ
ȻЩҲֻ˹ŷһ˿ѣûйע
ùŷעģҪһ¡
ԭ磬ɳ֮߰һʮǳɣ
˵磬ֻɣһҲͬһ㣬򵥸򼸸Ҳʮֲ޾ǿո
ȻߣЩǺֻ֪ͬѣ֪ϣʵһ߰ٶʮģ
ңҲ֪Ĵڣ
Щ䣬ֻùŷһЩ˽⣬Ҫ֪ĸεĶȴûС
ûΪ˷ʱ䣬һڵ֮ȫ֮󣬱ŶŮǰ棬ͺʲô鶼ûзһ

ȻǸӵûǳĳЩ˵ע⡣
֮󣬺úһµ˷صǳصУ漴һɨ˺ڡ
ڣȴǲûڳǳصУǾ⸽˼񣬲ģʤһȥȫǴССʽһ
Уŷ˲ٻ缶ǿҲˣԲ絹û
ô˭ǵһ
ŷ΢΢Ц
治˵˵ǼûԹһأΪ似ֶ࣬Ӧǲ֮ɡ
ǵһ϶߸еһˣ
ĽףȿЦҲγɶŮ˽ȥ
ս졢ꡢҲǵ˵ͷ˵ʵǼ治֪˭˭ǿǶڵһûκѹġ
˵йŷôһ׼޼ĵؽ̵ԸЩͨ켶ǻСһ
ŷͲһЦ㲻϶ԣǵǺǣɣ֮ǵ񲢲ʲôһսͻȡôսУ򣬴ӶͻƵ缶
˷׷׵ͷŷ̧һӣͷֱע뵽˼ڣЩȻ֮ˡ
Щ࣬˱켶۷ǣѾЩͻƵġŷôֻͻʱһ㱣ϡ
ף÷Щ֮ǴĶİЩѵ⼸ȥɱˣ
ɻʵ
ŷҡҡͷЦǣǸӵġ
Ǹո߳ǳأ˾͸Ҫɱңţû취ֻнˡ
ԣʱһΡ
ǲͲȥɱһ׼ޣȥһ׼޵ţ
Ҳ룬ŷ嵽ĶĵܹɫŮôǿߵĻ۵صģ
ˣϢһ£һ磬ǾȥĦĦЩɣ
ڻ·ϣŷѾһѾϵ̨죬Ҳʼˡ
ŷҲ뿴һǿߣ׺ģʲô
ԣһһͷŷ֮һ֣Ūһס
ֻǣסȴöսһĿɿڴ
ס񣬿ǿŷóɶ
ӡȻһӣ
ðɣ˵ǷӣʵϾһݣǼʹˣҲ̫һɡ
ս켸һЦãŷȴڵ§ŶŮ磬Сһ·յ߽ڡ


972 ԤУ
ŷƵõȷûβԱȻһǧϡ
ټЩսǬԴһȥȫǺѹѹͷͷ
ŷ岢û̫ЩϸڣǽĿһ̨֮ϡ
Щ̨һ鼫ӲʯӲ̶ȣΨԲ缶ǿߵܽƻ
ҲȻЩ̨Բ缶ǿ߽ġ
̨Բεģֱﵽңν󡣲ÿһ̨һţֽ磬Ԥ̨ģԤǵĹ˵ˡ
̨һǧŰپʮǱ켶߾̨Ÿǻ缶ǿ߾ֻ̨һԲ缶ǿ߾̨
ŷȻǴżԲǿ߾̨߹ۿˣȻԼֻͨ缶ѡ
˵˵˵Ԭյӵɡ
һΣԬһֻ״ӡ
Բ缶һͨ缶һ켶һ
ȻǾյĻʤߣԹŷȻͨ缶ΣȴҲû취ӴԬӡ
ʱ콫Ҫһȫ룬ʮȫǱ죬ֻһٶͨ磬ԼʮԲ磡
ЩˣȫԼƺȺ̨Ȼ׷׿ԵĲУȴʼ
ּľǲҪʲôŵģÿֻ̨Ҫһоˡ
ңеĹҲֻǺʼѣ֮⣬ûˡ
Ҳû鵢飬Щ׼֮󣬲һʼ˫չս
һȡһʱ鲼ԭЩߣԿ͹̨֮⣬ԣûʲôӰ졣
ΧˣҲ÷ǳ𾢡ЩڣǬԴģܿ켶缶֮սǵĳɳżİ
ڹŷˣһС֮󣬱ʧȥȤ
Ƿ֣ԭսʽ似粢ûʲô̫ȵȷ棬ҲһޣԣҲû˼ۿıҪ
ǣ˷׷״ظصԵݣȻȴűĵ

ֱһں󣬲ֵŷˡ
ЩսҲǳһ죬ŷˣϳȶ
ȡ̭ƣսһ޲μӿܣӮһȻԼҪȵһǧȫϣŻеڶ
ŷһˣյ˱أģͺǹ۹һ㣬ΧżȺȫȻͬ
ȴҲûȥעһУҪ˵ע⣬ҲעһγɶŮԬӵأҲû˭ǰڨ¡
ŮǺãǳƷŮΪ˴ǾͲֵˡңŮ½Ƕһ¡
ƵأŷںԼ֡ƺš
ƺѾЩͷˣӦú˲ٴˡ
ŷҲӦȻڵ߹ȥŮͶսˣҲθڹŷ
ÿһ̨ÿ춼ҪȶʮϣڻûֵǡʱȻҪŹŷǰŰߵġ
9999999ŵĹŷ壬ĶûٹӲʸȡ
һҲͷȻӱʼδʱǰμӵĲ߰ɣ
ˡ
ŷ߹ȥô˵һ䡣
˳㣬һ̬ģΧһƬ߿ŷ񶼳˹졣
ô£ʼ㲻֪ʲôӣ׻벻Ⱦߣ
ߣȴʱŷģŪøλֱðҧгݵ
ŷȴһ䣬ؿߣǹһ˿ȣٳ춼㳶ŲţûʼниƨУҿĻզǸӵĻզţ
һطʣ˵Ϊֻͨ缶һһ㶵ģð춼ûлع
Ƭ̣ŷΡɡս졢ˣǲûסЦĵףͬʱ̾һ䣺ȴ룬ŷϷݵ˳뻯
û
ŷ壬Ϸ˵գ˶ע⵽ȻͿչһƻˡ
һУȴȫΪ죬ŷȻһһּ䲻õԤУȻĵס
Ҫּ֪ΪԤУǺö궼ûгֹˣÿγԤУûκ⣬δζǴ¼
¼ĵطҲ룬ЩֵܽΣ֮⣬ŷʵ벻ʲô飡


973 ˼
ԣԤһ֣ŷ嵱ߺķʱˣ뾡ԬʵڲУԼȥ
ʱ䲻ӣһǱʲôĻʱ򣬺ڶˡ
չŷľ飬ԼԤУÿζһʱ䡣θŷĸоڣҲᷢԣԼµʱ䣬ȥѰһȥķ
ţŷ㲻ȥˣֱһԾ̨֮ϡ
棬һ׼õͨ缶ߣ
ȻҲѾȺʱˣֻȴû¶ͷɫ˵ͷɫȫת˹졣
ŷͷߣ˿̻ء
ֱͬ͵طӦŭһðͱŭˡ
ǣͷȻŷĻǰֲԼģҲѡԼӵģοʱ䣬ȷû
ԣԼȷûʸȥ˵˼ҿ
ţʵЩ𰡣ҸӽһԼµܺüꡣ
ĥأ۽⣬ͺȻԶһ̨֮վŵһӰʱ۾һǣҲ鲻Խ¶һ˿յЦ⡣
ȵȣ˴ƺˣ9658632ŲӦöս9999999ŵģһ¡
Ҫʼ˴һȻǱǸӰ
漴ֿ˹ŷߣȥ9658632Żһ£ĶǱߣ
ߵĻʱΧ˶㶣ŷ΢΢üǵһ˿Ц⣬̧۳Ǹ9658632ѡֿһۣʱȻǼ˼ˡ
Ȳ˵Ǹ9658632ߵΪɣֻݵòѾ۵ʱʱ䣬֪˾һɱ˲գ۵
ɢɱҲһɱߣˣһһԲϣܽԷɱˡ
ٿΪȻͨ缶ûԹŷ׼޼֪ܹӦó˵ʵΪġ
ͨ缶۷壡
ֻһ֮ңܳΪԲ缶
е˼ѾԶ׼ˡ
޷Ǿ˵֣ɱԼ
Ҫּ֪ĶսֻҪһû䣬ôͿһֱԷɱ
ǣҲҪкͣģˣͣ
˵㣿
ʱ˽ԼɱֻҪһɣͲ˭˵ʲô
˼ȷţ
ŷ岻и̾ҲԼҪǸˣ½Ļᱻ
ŷȴҲͲ9658632Ȼһ棬һ棬ҪЧ
ֱһͽͨ缶۷ġ9658632ɱǲܹ𵽼𺳵Чأ
ţӦǿԵģ
ŷţҲûκһ
ԹŷĿ⣬һ۾ܿ9658632ض޶֮ˡȻˣɱΪأ
⡣
ڳˣûһǱ
ղŹŷ֮һĻҲЩ˿еĻֻһ㶣֪е˼ˡ
ȴû˳ֹ²ؼ߸߹⼸ǱԴΪߵĹͬǱˡ
Ǹ9658632ߣҲһ֮󣬲ûж˵ʲôֱһԾ䵽˹ŷ̨֮ϡ
˵˭ҪҪԼġ
ŷԭǸ֣Ҳͬûж˵ʲôͬһԾ䵽Ǹ̨֮ϡ
ǣеƣûκ˳Ϊŷ˵һ仰˳չˡ
Ǻǡģ
ٺ٣Ȼˣôʼ
ǺٺһЦϵĵһȻһӣغ
ʱŷ񣬾ͺѾڿһһˡ
ģ˵ߣ㻹Ҳҵңؽ
ȻһĻȴں˵һ仰
ֻϣһʼǸ9658632ĿʱԵøΪ䣬Ҳû֣һЦȻԹŷ˵ְɣҵ£֮
ǣǣŷȴǵһЦ˵һ䣺Ŷҵ£һ㶼֮
ˣΧսģһ㿴Źŷ壬ģͺ˵⡢ǲһ񾭲ǵĲУֶ̬˵ֻǴʯͷĳ֪֪˭
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ҲеõһЩ򣬵սʱ̫ԣ̫㾭򣬲ûиİ

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Ȼǲб仯ģսʮغϽսĽף˶ʮ߸غϡ
˵˵ʵĻԽǰʮˣ
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˵ŷҲ޾ǿյ֮󣬲ͽܿʼȫ̵ǰֻż㼸ѡ
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һϣŷͳŮӵͷһЦ󣬱Ծ̨
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ŷȻͷȴûж˵ʲôЦЦ֮ûٵȴ˶Ůԡ
ʱ̨֮ϵŮӣСȴ¶һ˿ԥ룬¶ĳģ촽΢΢˼£ٴοһ۹ŷ޳ӰͷҲصȥˡ
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ŷȴûȫɱǣֻһĿɢһŷûĴԥؽƷҩС
ģŷ嶼Źǡ
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ǰ漸죬ŷǰǻܵעĿģѾϰߡ
죬ȻɱĿעţǣŷȴȻЩУһ˿졣˵ǡ

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ȻȻһ˿ܣ΢üͷҲչȻ飬Ҳ³ϡ
һΣȺûĽĺҲûоηĿ⣬Χ䰲Ψһ˻ֻͬ顢Į
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ƷƷǾƷԲ缶ŷʱö֪˿ͷѾðЩĶŮͺˣŷ񲻽һֻһ֣֣ͽС
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ԬӡϡĪκΣҲܣ
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ԣ˵ѹڹŷϣȴһоûУŷ壬ʱҲ΢΢üͷ˼ҪҪ˸ɱˣ
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Ȼķչȴǽĵһ˿ϲó׻飡
ŸոյֵǱٴοâһٶһûκμͬҲûиκδϢĻᣡ
һֱѭȥĻȻǲʲô˺ҲֻһЩˣȥĻôҲ޷ȡʤİ
У취޷սʤŷĻôԼսȥʲô壿
ٴν˹ŷһֹ֮һҲΪŨصһ۴󺺣Ȼ˴ǻǿ취ɣȥԲǰ취
ȻҲû䣬ҲӮˣ
ԣǱҸսʤ̭Ǿ;ûнһĻᣡ
ĻʱһƬһҲΪ׺ߣâһԣ˵ûֻʵ̫ǿˣʲôܴѹŴľ棿
һ⣬˵ĹǾΣ
ȿڵ۴󺺺Ȼʵ
ȻԸϣò˵һУԿɱҵģĻֻ൱һƷƷĵͼԲ缶ǿ߰ɣ
һƵ˵ôһ䣬ȻŹ
ؼˣƷƷĵͼԲ缶ǿߵĹȻǿʮʩŵ֣ȻֵþԻܼѡ࣬Ҳǵֵɣ
ԣֻҪֳʮֵĹʮˣܶˣ
ҾͲˣʩ似ͬʱͬʱʩɣ
۴Цһ˵Լ⡣
˻һǰһ
԰ŷĹǷǳǿûǣʮҲܹǿǿֵˣ
ʮԷſ˹۴ԣŷȫʩŹʱܻܲʩɣ
Ȼԣǣһͨ缶ķǿܶǿأ
һ룬ֿʤϣͿʼ֮ʮ˱˲սȻ׷״ЦŹŷɱȥ
ʣµʮˣһʼȫ
һĻʱȫĺͲµǵսΪⳡս˫ƽճأڿŷмĿܻ䰡
һʱ䣬ȫڶɴ˫ۿŷ壬׼ŷδ档
вĵ׷һЦ㻹װ㻹Դ󣬻һʮأ㻹Լ޵ˣ
ٿŷ塣
Щ˵ĶŷֻЦһЦ
й䣬һнһʩţͬʱһҩ˲ʶз˳
ѡҩȴΪҩ׼ļ𣬵ֵЩ˵Ĺ㹻ˡ
ƷҩȻҲ׼缶ҩǿ̫࣬һųضɧûǸҪˡ
Ȼŷ÷Ȼ۴ڹͬʱ޷ʩַˡ
Թŷľǿ̶ȡ
ðɣͲˣҶģ
ŷĿģȻΪ˲̫̬ˣ̫ˣЧʵ䷴ˡ
л˵ҩһɳȫ˻ȻغԼ֮һĽ
ȻغȻ֪ΪɶڸղŵսУŷܹƾ֣ɱʮˡ
׼缶ķǿȣǻö˵
ˣһҲûκһ˻ɹŷʵΪˡ
̨ϵЩߣҩʱ˲ͣ˳ŷĽŲϣȫ˿Ц
֪ŷΪɶôţˣԭȻӵ׼缶
⻹ʲô˰ˣ˰ɣ
һԼɾͲ֮ǰЩ˵ĺˡ
սǣһȻվԭأȻ֣׼Բк䡣
ȻսעŵϵʱԭʮߵĸâȻת䣬Ǽٷȥ
ǣûвһͻ䣡
ʮߣ뺰Ѿˡٶȣʵ̫̫졣
ȵǲ쳣ʱ򣬹ȴȻ֮У
ңΧ֮Увâ֮ƺ֮ǰЩâҪǿϺü
Ȼʵ
ԭʩŵĸâ似ΪǿĹ
ҵ죡
ҪĻǴһʼѾʼһƣ
Ļ˺̶ֳȣ
Щע⵽һΧǣ޲ɴ˫ۣȻޱȵؿŹŷ塣ʵû뵽ŷ壬Ȼʵ
˵ʵϣЩͷֻһѡ
Ҳʱ򣬳ʮ˵еâǱе
䡭䡭
ֻƲľޱȴĿĹą֮̂ϣûвҽУҲûֻʹĿĹâ
ˣ鲻Խر˫ۣǸоâɢȥ˫۵ʱ򣬳е龰ٴȫ˶ˡ
ոջվŵʮˣڣȴʬ嶼ˡһؽضϱۡһ̲̲Ѫһ࣬ཫ̨ûһŵģ
֡ɱ
ȫͬʱðĲૡ
󣬹ŷֿʼǸΪһ֣һֵģͽЩ֫ϱȫսƷռ档
ŷҲûκβʣЩˣȫǴ֮ɱûһĸС
ɱЩ֮󣬹ŷûټʮ˶֡
Ϊֻ֪ҪԼжֵļǣԥ̨ߵһʱ亰䡣
֮ǾԲٸԼɱĻˡ
ȻȻûбҪ˷ʱˣЩ˵Ĳ֫ϱۣŷ㲻ͣҲûٽвмսӰһԾ̨
ֻ£̨֮ϣǷ·Ƕ˻Ƶʮߡ
ԭϵĺ塢ݵȵȣǻޱߵľ֣Ҳһ㡣
Ǹ׺ݵ۴󺺡


984 ͻƣ磡
ʣŷȫս̨֮ıѾû˭˼ٽȥˡ
ŷ̨֮󣬱ֱӴżȥûټòаˡ
أҲ˭ٺԼˡ
ңŷҲܹԤõһԼԼҲٱˡ
ȴΪЩͨ缶Ĳߣûκһ˻̨ģ
ŷһȥ֮ĺһžĵطű˾ĺ
һŵؾһɷݣһη񣬳ء
һ̣ʹЩԲ缶ǿߣ޲һĵ׵ؾ̾ѾԹŷ츳ûκλɣһͻƵԲ缶
ǣֻжǿأ
֮󣬷ڵȺɢȥıȻ޷ٽȥˣԺлصģֻйŷɱһĻĻ𺳳档

ȥ·ϣŷ˼ĳЩ飬ȻЩԣתͷȥȴΡɶŮ̬Щ쳣΢΢Ưü·ʲô
ŷʱһٿ˿ս졢ĽףƺҲôһ飬Ψû¶ʲô쳣
ùŷȻʲô˫۶ʱһȻҲǶ˵͵̧˫֣ȻֱӴԼٳס˲˹ȥ
˲ƣǿԴһģԾȴǷǳһ£ʹǸ߼Բ缶ǿߣֻܴĸ˲ƶѡ
ǣŷľ˵Լµڶôû˭ܹõǵһ
ԣ˵ǴôˣǶʮˣǺѹ
׼޼˲ƾ룬Ȼ˵ˡ
һѾǧ׿⡣
һ·޻ܿ죬ŷ˱ʱס
÷򣬳ʲô£ͻȻ˲ưо˾˵ˬ
һĴɤžһ˵һ߻ζղ˲Ƶо⻹һ˲Ƶºǿ
ŷûһϲؿ˿Ůս켸ˣǴ˿̶Ѿ˫۱ˣʱͿ϶ԼĲ²ȷûд
ǣͻȻ˶Ӷ˶֮У
ңǺüһͬģ
ʵŷҲܲµôͻȻһֶͬУ϶ڹۿԼȲǼʱΪĳԼҲ֪ض򵽵ģ
Ͼ缶ǿ֮ĶԾ¾һ̺Ķ֮򣬶Ա켶ǿ߶żİ
⣬ҲΪεи߼ǿ߶սͼ߶֮͵ԭˡ
Թ
ŷôеؽǴȻΪֶҲǻΪӰϵġ
˿Ҳ¶һϲˣŷڰ֣ʾǳȥš
ŷ壬ֱϥΪǻ˷
ʱ䣬Ҵš
֪УСʱôȥˡ
Ȼϥ΢˫ĹŷͻȻ˫һʱ䳯Ľף˹ȥֻͬһʱ䣬ĽףҲ˫ۣһµ⾳оҲһǣ֣
ͻˣ
ĽףͻƵһ
Դ˹ŷ岢е⣬ΪĽףǱ켶ǿˣҪǵһͻƣǲأ
һ˫ۣĽףͽĿͶ˹ŷ壬У˿ϲ֮ɫ
ŷ壬ҡҡ
֮£Ѿ˵һĻˡ
Ҳʧ̬Ҫ֪棬缶ǿǾԵϡжﰡһһץʮ
ǺǣȥúӦһΪɡٵȵǣҲȫͻ֮һ˵˵ͨ缶֮󣬸ȥġ
ŷǺһЦĽףϲ⣬ȻЦЦ˵
Ľףæ˵ͷۺмؿ˹ŷһ֮󣬱ת˳ȥ
мǶԹŷĸм
Ϊ֪ûйŷޱָĻԲܻ˿ͻƵ缶
ǵĹϵѾҪκθмĻˡһУڲС
ȵĽףȥ˻ûһӣŷĿת˶սͺˡ
ûдһΣһͬͻƣ
ͬģʹǳȵĺ˿϶βסϲɫȴûж˵ʲôһԻڶеγɶŮһۣͶսʹһ񣬶սЦص˵ͷҲ˳ȥ
ʱٹȥ˴ԼСʱγɶŮͬʱ
Үҡǻ缶ǿأ
һ˫ۣɱޱ˷ܵһС֣һֻĵС꣬˵һ˹ŷĻУȻŹŷһס
ľкζùŷһܣҲŷĻϲ


985 Ԭټ
ͻƣǣѾȫûбҪȥ˷ʱˡ
ŷ壬ڶҲûȥָǣͬʱҲڵȴʲô
ûùŷȴ̫ã磬ŷŸոճķˣһߵ
ŷϣҲ¶һ˿΢Ц
ãʹŷס𣿡
һǳ
ŷȥһӦڣλ
ţȴһͬһŮվſڣŷ߳æЦݣصãԬӴȥģ֪ʱ𣿡
ʱ䣬߰ɣ
ŷЦŵͷش
ţǴ
˵ţǰ·
ŷ֮ϣͬʱҲк˶ŮͶսһҲһͬȥ
ֻŮȴԥһ£¶ɫصŷˣܲȴأԬӴ˵Ҫֻһǰȥء
ŷԣüͷͲ΢΢׼˵أǱȴǿڵ壬û£ȥɣǸոͻƣӦӦһ¡
ǰ磬ȥɣùǵġܳʲô鲻ɣ
սҲЦŰڰֵ
˵ŷҲ͵˵ͷȷӦǲʲôġˣ֪ԼˣԼѾϿ϶˵Ԭӵӣǻ˭ǣ
ǲˣ
УȰҽǵķȥȥͻأ
˵꣬Ůʾһ£Ůһͬ󷽷ȥ
ǸԤƵûĻӦǴ뿪ĵط
ȻԬӲǾסġ
һ·ϣŮӶû˵ʲôŷҲûȥʲôڵظţһҲۿܵķ羰ûһŵģ
һĻʱŮĵײɶԹŷΪʲôأԬټʱ¾ЩԲ缶ǿߣĸǽ⡢˷Īģ
ãǵûκνŵڣĹۿΧķ羰
Ůһ룬һߺ۽Źŷ壬ǸգȻ̸ر˧ȴһ˵Ķ
ڿʲô
ſţȴϹŷȴǺȻŤͷȻ΢Цʵ
ŮӶʱ˸æҡͷҲ֨ͷͼǰȥ
ŷҡͷһЦҲûᣬ˵ŮӶͼԲ缶Ϊˣȴ뻹ôȤ
ŷ²ùȻûŮһ·˴͹ĻǶ뼸鱾Դʯ꣬âһ˾ʧԭء
֮Ŀģһ羰ʮϿȡ
ûгǳءûߣֻϿһƬƬ滨ݡһֻֻǵСޱȥ
ԶɽˮˮΧһЩȽϱİͬ˼ɾԴһ㡣
ߣŷ忴һǳͨСݣݣǷǳͨΪͨɣûκƷЧ
ҩǸݷǳƣһֵľζ
ſڣŷٴοɷǡһԬӡ
ʱеؿſڡԱߵһ֮ϣûҲûʲô£һڵ㣡
ƺǸӦ˹ŷ˵ĵԬȻͷ˹ŷһۣЦŵͷȻЦǽйŷɣ
ŷһЦ̧̬˹ȥһߵԬӴ˵ҲУɲǣֻ֪֪ȥܴ
һ˵ޱȻͷ·֮һ㣬˿ûһšȻĸоڣһ£ǸŮӣԬӶ
ŮĿ¶죬񿴹һ㿴Źŷ塣
ԬӣǴζؿŹŷ壬ǺЦҲ֪Щʲô
ԣԬӣҲӦôδɣ
ȻͬϺĪκζ˳⡣
һ֮ԬӺȻЦ˼ˬʣɷǵģԵúǲǸоǰȻг
ãããɴֲ̬ᣬܴﵽΪ
ԬӾȻͣ˺ü֣ŷҲ֮档
ŷĵ׾һɡ
ûзԼʵΪ
ʵŷ˵Ҳ̽һԬûзԼʵΪĿ档ˣ϶һģˣԲһֳ̬˵
Ǻǣ˵ڱϵı֣ƺһηͷ½ֱͨ缶ȫԱ˳ˣǲôһ£
ԬЦǺǵص
ŷʱѾԬӵĽǰҲûԬкԹԵԱߵһ֮ϣԺ󣬱ͷûģû뵽ǻȫ˳
Ǹ¼䣬ĸΪߵҺһս
ԬǼЦƺԹŷԽԽȤˡǹŷԹԵԼԱߣжԹŷ˼Ȥ
ȻţСҲ֪ǴĶðģôԼǰûκһнأ
š̬óĻôӽĳɾͣܿܽ
̬Ҳܹӳһ˵ԼΣ߶֪顣
ҲңʵҲҡҪʮ˷ĻҲܴӮġңû׼ıڣҲǲȡЧġ
ŷ֪ҪǫˣЦ
ǣȴûκһǫģԵЩӣһԵǸŮĵһЦ
ڹŷΪֱԲ˵Լӵ׼£һΪ࣬˾֪ˡ
׼мԲ缶µǿߣŲСмԲ缶ϵߣȴǾӵ׼ġ
Ȼ׼вУȴûмˡ
׼ĻԬӣȻûκġ
Ŷ𣿡
ԬԣϵЦݲ䣬˵һ䣬û˵ǿŹŷ壬УһЩĪĹâ
ŷʱһԬ񡭡ƺⰡ
ѵķʲôɣ
ŷг˼ţȴûб¶쳣
£ȥɣЩҪ̸
ԬӺȻתͷȥһԵŮԸ
ǣ
ŮæӦȻٴο˹ŷһۣתϿȥ
ŮߺԬӣŽĿ˹Źŷ˫ۿ˰죬ǣȴʼ޷ӹŷ۵׿κ쳣
ŷ壬һֱǷݵȻ΢ЦԬӲ˵Ҳ˵
ȴѾ˵ףԬӻ淢Щʲôɡ
ԣҼΪڵġ£ЩԲ缶ǿߣﲻľ
ԬͻȻЦһ˵һߵͷ
Ȼŷ׼˵ʱԬӽһ仰ȴùŷĿʱסˡ


986 ݱ¶
ЩС磬Ҳǳ궼ѵһľŵ
ԬӶǰĲ豭һڣ˵
һ仰ȴùŷͫȻһ΢Ц飬Ҳ𽥵Ȼ
ȻԬ˵òףûֱӵ磬һܹ϶
ԬӣѾ֪Լ
֪ģŷ˼Ƭ̣ѾŲµˡ
ȻΪԼĳЩط¶ˣԼڱ¶ͷ֮Ԭӿ϶˲Լĵϸ
Ԭݺ͵λ˵Сһ
ȻɵģѾ鵽Լ޾ǿˣ
򣬿Աɡޡ磬Աɡ
磬ҡɵġޡֻǱĽзǳġ
üٸɵȻǵ֮ˡ
磬ȫû֮ȵʸ
ֻⲢǹŷҪǵġ
ǣȻԬ֪ЩСĴڣǲǿܻ֪ιȥ
뵽ŷжʱͳڴȴû¶̧ۿԬӣĻ
Ǻǣ㲻Ҫ֣ҲҪ룬û˼ǲµûҺܺ棬ĸģ
ԬӼŷĬ֪Լµûˡ
һЦֺʵ
Ԭģŷĵ׾һɡ
ȷû˼
ǣŷҲȻҪǰ磬ôطҲ϶Ҫġ
ʵҲ֪Ǹľ֣Ǹֻ磬ӦáǸ򣡡
˵ţŷһָԼ󷽣˵
ڹŷ֪λģȻƾǴеļ䣬ȻƲġ
֮϶ûģǼʹ֪˷ҪǰȥҲҪһϣ
Ǹ򣿡
Ԭȴסˣ΢΢ŰüǸ򣬵ȷĴڡֻ֪Ǹġĸġ߸ģġҲ֪Ҳδ˵
ȷ磿ѵ˵Ҳ֪ڣ
Ԭɻ̧ͷʵ
ŷȻû뵽ԬӲ֪Ĵڣһʱ䣬Ҳ֪Ҫȥˡ
ĵȷȷһڣֻȴǼңԶҶ޾ǿյƮ˺ü꣬ġ
ŷƬ̣˵ȽϿţͬʱĥοԬԿٻȥ
ŶƮ˺üꣿ
ԬüһĿֱӹŷ壬һ֮󣬲źȻЦûв´ĻμѡεʵĿġӦòǳΪҵĵӰɣ
ŷȻЩΡ
Լμ˼ҵѡΣֻ˵һȴûΪ˼ҵӵ˼ⴿǵθˡҪһƢãģ˱ŭ
ԬȴһЦݣЦл͸¶Щϧ֮ɫŷжԬӵĺøѸҲŤŤˣͷǵģʵǶԲסˣֻͨܽӴ㡣
ŷĻԬϵϧҲΪŨ̾˿εûʲôֻǾʧȥӣеǿϧѡ
˶٣Ԭ¶һ˿ͰЦݣĿģҲ£Ӧѯλȥİɣ
ŷҲЦͷشǵģʵ̫ԶˣҲʵЩ磬Ҳ֪Щ絽ױʲôģ
ԣϣָָܹȥ·
˵ţŷһȭ̬ǳϿҵ˵
Ԭӱ΢΢һЦŲ豭Źŷ忴һᣬյ˵ͷȥѾסˡǺðɣҲʶһҾ͸λȥɣ
˵ԬϵЦȻص˵żΣԡһƲãЩ߼Բ缶ɥĿܡ
ԣȷҪ֪𣿡
ŷһѾŵزµʲô
ŷ岢ûжʣǷǳ϶ص˵ͷ
Ǻǣ㣬֪޾ǿյеġڶ𣿡
ŷͷԬҲٶ˵΢΢һЦʵ
֪޾ǿյƮôЩ꣬ҲΡҺҷֵ磬ҲȽԶЩڶҲǺܴ󡣲ȻѾ޷ˡ
ŷЦŻشϣҲװһ๼ģƶԺڶĿ»¡
ŷ¶һ𾪵رɴ˫ۣŵؾԬӴˣ˵İ취ǡ


987 䣡
ûҪٶȵΨͨ
Ԭʮֿ϶صͷ˵
ŷװĿģΩΩФ˭Ҳһ˿쳣
ŷȴεЦһЦ֪ǺڶȷǴ͵ãԼﻹôľμʲôѡΣ
ȻŷҲֻһѣûڡ
˵ʵû޾ǿε꣬ŷΪܻô죬ҩƷҩҲͬﵽ̶ֳȡ
ŷϵ𾪺ͲţԬȴǼЦʵ֪֪ʵڶҲǿԡ졯ģ
ŷæ˵ͷشֻ֪֪Ҫﵽĳֽޣܹγһڶ
ǺǣˡҲӦڶ˺ѹǸСġ
ԣֻҪܹڶƵԳܵĵزôҲ̫Σա
ȻҪڿһ˽ȥĴСȻָͷôһ㣬ôܴﵽ͵Ŀģ
ԬССؿһЦ˶٣Ȼ˵ڶĿֲ˺Խ˴ڶһͷݼ㣬۴СκκڶĴͳȶڹҡ
ٸԣ޾ǿյзôãҲ²⣬ӦҪδͲܹڵǸ򣡡
Ԭһùŷںڶ˽ɸ˺üΡ
ֻԬ˵ҪΣŷȴһЦ
Լո˵޾ǿյε˺ü꣬ȫǺģҪ洫أ治֪ô͵ȥ
һ㣬ȴùŷЩ
Ԭӵ˵ۺڶС͵ľ붼һġ
ԼΣ϶ǲеġֻһεĻԼǻûʱ䣬ܸ
ȻǰҪ꣬Ϊһ·϶ͣͣǼٸ·ԲŻôá
ڣȫ·ĻŷŹһ£ҲٵҪһ²ܹ
⻹ֻǹƵģԶŷҲ޷ٷ֮ٿ϶
ôɣѾ֪ôȥˡԼƵûĻһ£Щĵʱ䣬ô֮ڣԼȫԸϵõġ
аתһʱ䣬ŷ˳˼С
ԬӣҲû˵ŷ壬ǶǰĲ豭Ʒ
̬ȻԵá
Ӻ󣬹ŷѾ¶ģڽ죬ȥ
ǸӦ˹ŷ쳣Ϣֻǲµ˹ŷ룬Ԭ²豭ŹŷЦʵôͻȥˣ
ԬӵĻȻùŷ񣬹ŷûֱӻشԬӵĻǺȻվ̬ʮ֣صһȭлԬӴ˽ָ㣬ҹŷ壬ڴллˣ
ʲô˵ֻǶ˵Щˣα˿
ԬӹһЦ˿ûһӱ¶̬Եޱȵƽơ
ŷĵףԬӵĺøһ㣬˵ʵȵȷû뵽ԬӾȻ˺ͰһԼСûκμӣͷ·һ㡣
ˣôȵҪع磬ҲͲˡֻϣ´λлټ棡
ԬЦŰڰ֣Ȼ˵
ŷص˵ͷԺ󣬻лģ
˵꣬ٴһȭҾȸˣ
ȵԬӵͷ֮󣬹ŷ㲻ٵȴӰһͳŴ͹Ļķ򣬼˹ȥ
ŷ˿ǳϲõġ
˵ʵŷ岢û뵽鷢չȻ˳Ӧ˵ŷ岢û뵽ԬӾȻһ˵ˣ
ȣĽ۷Ӧþ߱İɣ
͹ĻڣǸòŮѾȺˡ
Ҳûж˵ʲôŹŷһЦ֮Сһӣ뼸űԴʯ˴͹Ļ
âһˣʧԭء

Ͽȡߡ
ŷӰȥԬԭŵ΢ЦȴǺȻȥüҲԲһ
˫ۣʼտŹŷȥķ۵׹â˸Ҳ֪Щʲô
֮촽΢΢˼£ɻૣҲ΢΢𣺡֣ôСϣӦˡΣյϢ
ӦòڰǲŽֻͨ缶Ϊ𣿡
ԬӰ˼⣬һ˫üҲһߣȻ뵽ʲôоʱϲ֮ɫҲȻգ

ҵѾɣŷˣԵټ
Ůƺ֪ŷ岢ûгΪԬӵӵ飬ŷ´ԭĽ֮󣬱ЦŰ˰С֣˵
ŷǺһЦͷллˣԵټ
£ŮڴһЦٶ߽͹ĻӰҲ֮ʧ
Ůߺ󣬹ŷ㲻ٶȣӰȻһͳεڷȥ
һ̶ԸٵȥˣؼҿЩֵܣ񵽵׶ôˣ
ңĴڣҲһֱѹڹŷͷһ첻ǳȥŷܻоСΡԼЩкŮĳעԼ񣬳ʧͱ
𣬹ŷϰԵؽſ
Ȼһ̣ŷ弱ٷеӰȴȻͣһʱÿγˮˣһ˫˫У˿̲˿ŭ
ոһſӦȴûзζŮԼս˵Ϣ
ŷ֪Լûл֮ǰǾԲ洦ܵġ
ԣʧֻ
ҪôΣա
ҪôǱ˸ץȥˣ
ǣŷ廹Ӧ˴򶷵Ĳ
ʣǣһʲô顣
뵽˴ŷŭЦãܺãֻҪκһ˳κһ⣬ԼҪǲ򶼻ӾͲйŷ壡
һΣŷĿŭˡ
ʵأŷֱչ˲ƣӰ˲ԭʧһ̣Ȼǧ֮⣡
ֻʮĹ򣬹ŷѾ
Ŀĳȴùŷȼյŭ棬˲ͷҪһǴڵĻ磬ȻһƬѪ
ֻԭݣʱò
棬ӿݣǴսĺۼңһ̲Ѫڵϣ
Ѫĸɿݳ̶ȣŷӦ÷ûжãùŷܹһǺ侲ǣѪУûиӦζŮս켸˵Ϣڡ
һĻǷ飬Ѿܹٷְٿ϶ˡ
ֻǵ˭ģǴ˿ֻŷȴǲö֪
͵һŷŤͷܣԭеʱȴǿһˡ
һˣ
ŷĿʱһ䣬̧һץĳ˿ȻһֵӰͱŷץ˳
ˣû뵽ԼȻᱻŷ巢֣ϵĻһǵץԼǹŷʱȴ͵һ
Ӧ֪﷢ʲôҲӦ֪˭˵ȥ﷢һУң㲻
ŷԨֺңԶʡ
ɷϵһǣˣӹŷУܵһŭɱ


988 ץ
˵ŷץˣһԲ缶ǿء
ǣŷץţĵȴκһ˿ָֿ֮оͺϵ
˵뿪׷ʲô
ŷоԼʱѾҪ߻ħ״̬ˣ͵һǿѹͷƲסĻ棬˵
ŷƲסıɱ߲˿ɡΪԥţֻҪԼٳһӣữһ̲Ѫˮ
ȻһԲ磡
šŷˣң˵
æŷҲȻû´ȷʶŷġ
֮ûãһȺˣǻ̸˼䣬ȻͼʲôìܣʹȺһԲ缶ǿߣԡǶץȥˡ
һֵŷϵ⣬Ҳ䡣
һȺˣʶ𣿡
ŷȻתͷĿɭȻؿߣʡ
Ҳʶ
һڹŷĿע£æͷЩȻػش
Ǻǡ𣿡
ŷһЦ¶һɭɭ㲻˵ҲûϵҲһֿԽмȡķȻЩ鷳ٿԵõҪ֪һУ
˵ţŷ̧֣ڿ񱩵һֶ˿ȥɣ̺жôֲ
ŷˣ𡭡ɱң˵˵
һܵŷ̺ԻصǴһ޾ֵɫҲǵһʱʶػֺ̿
ȴ͵ޱȵ
Ȼһ׼޼ǿߣ
⡭ôܣ
ϣֻԬӡϡĪκ˲׼𣿣
Ŷʮʱ䡣
ŷ嵭ص
ϴ˵ˣͷǸԲ缶ǿߣϴỤ̊
˼ææ˵
̣
ŷĿһ˭
Լ޾յУһȺŮ
̣Ǹʮɣ
ȴ룬ȻϵŮ
˵ϵŮˣϱˣ죬Ҳ
ǳĸˣУΪλ
ŷٴʵ
ƺǳĳˣĸ磬ҾͲˡΪһ¡±꼰㣬ԡԾͶ˵صס
ˣԲҲ˰ʵʵΪϴ˵ˡҡҡ
ŷû˵ȥͬҲΪ˼ûаǣֱɱ
ץס־Աһ˦ˣͷ֮ԼٶǸȥ
תۼ䣬ͲӰ
ŷ壬չ˲ƣٶȣŴ͹Ļȥ
ʵŷѾȷȥĽꡣΪոڴ͹Ļʱ򣬹ŷʹӴ͹ĻϸӦһ㲨ԹŷļȻǸꡣ
ٶ룬ŷĿ˾ͷ·˷ħ״̬֮һ㡣״ֻ̬ڻҰ½ΪԼֵһʱй
ˣǾǲ°ɡұؽ£
ŷгɱ⣬һ͹Ļڡ
ûΧΪԼ׼޼Ϣɵ˵ˣŷֱӽ봫͹Ļ֮ǰӦ꣬һʹ˹ȥ
ǰһһŷδĽ硣
粢ûʲô֣ŷû˼ЩͷſǳأͱŷĸӦ֡
һ̣ϤϢͱŷӦ
Ӧ⼸ϤϢ֮󣬹ŷ͵ؾһɣԼƵûǣȷǱץ
󣬹ŷǣͱһĨħЦռݡ
˫ۣҲʱ˺ɫ
⣬ɱ¾ǰף

Ÿ磬û뵽Ȼôðһǣ
ʱھŷٹһݻùݵΧĸˡ
ˣȫԣŷڴ˵Ļһһϳǣǵ޾һˣ
ֻŮԾͲȥˣǸӦϵŮҲδ޵Բ缶Ůӡ
ˣΧһȦϴŸɫм䡣
м䣬ȻΡɡս졢ꡢĽףˣ
Уꡢս˽ˣһõĵطѪǵĿȴʼնˣУпŭҲг
ĽףˣȻҲЩˣˣҲǺܰ¡
ٿŮ⵱Ȼ̼˲û͵ԵʣǶսˣ˶ŮǰǴŮһͷ˿Ľ
ǱץʵҲں¶ŮᰵбͣԿԾ˵ǹֻҪǵһ¶ŮǼʹƴҲǺù
ȻԲ缶úƴĻͨ缶ԲҲشҲԲܡ
ԣ룬ȫûҪȻԸԼԼߣǻ
ǰⶼⰡүжŮĹˣҪǲ£ô˼أ
ԣʱһЦһ˫۾ɫĮȻĶŮеа˭ó
ʵһУֻ˵ɺϡ
ŷ뿪֮Ǹţô޷ƽӶǶŮľ˺;գ͸èצƵá
Ҳ֪ôιŷߺܿҲŮˣ֮£ǰѰҽĹˡ
֮ǰôôƯδޣҲϵŮڲܺſſоƽƽûκȤ͸о
ͷƣһ̶뿴ˣϵŮȻȥǾ˸ͷ˵żĴ䣬˳ȥԬͽı
ֻû뵽ǣŸոأӦ˶ŮϢǸϲ˵ֱӾʹҵ˶ŮڣװӵŮһŮȻû¶˱ĿֱӾץˡ
Ȼû뵽ǣѾͻƵ˻缶ĺս졢Ľףγɣ˽ʮغϣȴֻ·磬ȥϾԬӵĵ̣׼ʵ׼սپˡ
Ƕս˸оŨŨɱ⣬Ϊ˲öŮԿǾ˵ԸǹȻ󣬾˽һĻ
ȻսôȻΪ˵ȴŷǰԮˡţԹŷʵܹܿҵġ
ԣҲûйڵģʼĵ׳ЦЩˣǲ֪ߵغľ֮ܣŷŮ˶Ҷ˼
ȹŷˣİɣ


989 ˫棡
ôģѵǸͨ缶СãȰĸҰɣȲ˵ܲҵǣҵˣҲһ
ԣҿǻʵʵظңҪҹɣ
һ뵽Լܹӵλ˷绪ľŮӣ̲̾סͷĿϲͷЦ
ˣɷ֮ɫΪ֪Ůָ̻֮ǣ˾ɫ޿ܣ
ףǿиȻһЦҲ֪Цɶ⣡
ͷЦ֮ʣȻһѹȴɱ˵һ
ͿˣˣǸ񾭲еɵƣɵе񾭲Ȼĸ˻᳤ģ
һѹˣɺܴ̺ŶǰǸ˵ľ
ˣ˷ǸС˵ǿԲǲرһһһ˵
һĻʱ֮ǰͣ׷ͬ۹ԼҲȲϡ
ٿ˵ˣһˣȻˡ
ڶˣȴǶս졣
ˣԸǳȵĺ⵹öս˶û뵽ġû뵽ȻҲϬ
ԣһڣʱһ˲࣡
ǿǿҮ
·Ƿ´½һ㣬ָһ̾
˵׾㲻ţ̺ðɣҲ°Ŀ϶Ǹˣͷˣι˵ǲǾǴ˵еñӣ
սٴθһ̾һ£ǳ׷ˡ
˵ĶԻĽףǹЦԭһĮȻγɶŮ̲סһЦ˳˲չ¶ľʱɫ̺ͬ鿴ˡ
̱ܿ㷴Ӧ˹һٴα࣬ҲشŴָŶս켸ˣޱȱصãǺܺãȻңҽҪǲȫɱҾͲ̣
԰ǲ̰㲻ǽ˵ŶԣӦǽɫsai˵
սһ䡣
ңҪɱǣ
սһ仰ǳ׽ŭе˵ţȻǿڵʼԼǿһ
ս켸˿ȴ¶һ˿Ц˿û¶һɫΪ̵ʱǾѾյ˹ŷĴ
ȻʱȴǴһⲻϴ˵Ů𣿷˺£Ȼ˱ŭ
˵Żű㱻˿¶Ǹ˵ģ
һˣ˶һȴ룬˾ȻĪκεĶӡĪƣ
ĪԲŶսãԵʱҲ͵һ⼸ˣ˭
ҲΪ֮ǰҹŷΪͽܱʱϢֻ˹ŷһ˵ԭ򣬲Ȼͷ˺ˡ
ڿǣжʱһϲɫſ򣬾ͿʼӦ
ӹɣӦȻȥӦŷûˣ
˿¶ɱЦֻܿҪ﷢˹ŷĴڵĻԥؽɱ
ԬҶԹŷ嶯֡
ǣȴûκιǣ
˵ŷѾԬԼڶ˵ͽܣɱܻܿԬӵŭͲ
ĪҲ£ŷԬӵͽܲ٣ĪκεĶأ
֮ܶɱ˹ŷĻԬӣǾԲΪһͽܣ׷ɱԼ߸ɶġ
ֻʧǣûиӦŷϢ
ܿЦûǸ˵ϢҲν⼸˸ɱˣҲǻرˣ
һ룬ϵɭЦݾԽŨһԵˣֹסشһ
ԭԭĪƲô
Īƣͻһģһ˿Цݣص
ĪƣǺҲŮһˣĸױĪݻҪһΣһϵŮһĪκεӣ
ٺ٣Ϊ⣬㲻Ҫֻ֪ʣЩˣΪλУץʲôѵǺг𣿡
ĪƺٺһɭȻЦȻʵ
ǣǵģǰЩԹԡĪƲ㡭ʶѵʲôϵ
æСʵ
ģҰһҺ֮䣬ͬųԹ
ĪƹһЦȻ̵ļЦ˵


990 Ҫ˭ߣ
ĪƵĻ˫˲һ
ͺðˣʼЩĪƵأǵ޷⼸˻ɱŮҲ޷ӵ뻳Уܻ⵽ĪƵĻɱ
ڣһеĶˡǣҲ
ĪڴˣԼҪЩƴ
תͷؿŸոԼĶսˣҲ֪ĶĵȻĪƲҵðɣǣǳˣ
˵ţŤͷĪʵĪƲԶֻǡУŮӡܲܡ
ָγɶŮĪʵ
ĪƵһЦ㶯ְɣŮġҴߣҪԴǣ
˵һ仰۵׶Ȼһ˿аΪһˣӸλΪ磬ҲɶԶŮûκεֿ
ĪƵĻɫʱһ࣬¶һȿ޻ѿЦݣСĪƲŮӣܲһҡ
֪ĪƿеŮˣûκϣġҲȥԼҲҪһɣ
ӵһӣ
ĪɫĿؿɫ̣ߵôϴ˵Ů㲻㣿ҪҸȥϴ˵һ˵˵㿴Ůӣͬͬ⣿
ĪƵĻĵ׾Ͳɿʼ˾˵ģԼǰæһͷǵˮһգ϶
ǣƱԼʲô취أ
ĪƣҲ¶һ˿мЦҪǿϣͽŪˣ
ˣϻˣϽ⼸˴ˣȻŮҾʹߡ
̳ٳٲĪƾЩͷû˵꣬ȻһɲѹµĿֲѹʱǼȫС
ѹ˵˵˼㣬ѹУĪ̼ˣӦһĿɱ
Ī̶ɫʱ䣬ǶǽӴ׼޼ǿߵˣԶ׼޼ǿѹҲǼС
һʱ䣬Ǿĵ׿϶һ¡
ѹˣһʵʵ׼޼ǿߣ
ѡѵԬѰˣ
Īһ뵽ľǲԬѰˡ
ܿͷ뷨
Ȳ˵⼸䲻ԬѰɣ˵ѹĿ̶ֲȣȻ˿ԬӣϢȴԬӴκιϵ
漴ĪֺȻط֣ϢԬӵϢϹϵϣԼԼĪκΣҲûһ֮
ǣȻϢУӦһַǳϤĸо
ҿ϶ϢˣԼʶ
ֻǣ˭
Ȳ˭ˣĪðһ뷨
˵ĳ֣Ԥʾţԭ㶦ľ棬ƣ
һ۷ǿߣȻ
ٿ̺ͬ顣
̻΢һ㣬ֻɵɵվǶݲ԰ѪԱ񱩵ɱͿֲѹɵˡ
ͬ飬ȴѾܲסѹ̱ڵأŵòܿƵʺһʱ䣬һɶɧ
ŮʱʩųһžЩĵĳζ֮ϣֳһ˿򻨶Ϊ֮Цա
ΪѾ̺Īǵ޳˶Ӱ
ʱȻɸ㣬һ˫۾ȴǱŭɱ⡣
ս켸ˣҲ˹ŷĳ̵֣˵ĳɫΪŨˡǶû˵ĿתȤȻؿšһǣǸɶ֣
ǣҪ˭ߣ
ŷ˵ˣһڣƽƽһ仰УͲһŭ
ǣƽһ仰ȴĪǿߣ̲סشһ
ŷĻҲȻϤϢ˵˭
ôܣ
ĪʱԲ˫ۣУźͲ˼ɫ
̣ҲȻ֪ϢˣıֱĪƸΪɫ䣬ʧǣȻһ˲ͳһŵûɢʬ⡣
Ī㻹Ϊߵ㣬Ҳ̺࣬ԴӲػͷվǸ֮ǰԼɱʱϣѾǱȿ޻ѿЦݲ
ĪƵĻͷҲԻһЩתͷŷɫѾӲ԰ףɫ
ʱԺУȴͬʱصһ仰ô׼޼ǿߣôᣡ
ʵɲǲš
ŷ壬һ˫˫עǰˣҲ˵ءƽؿš


991 ˣûؼˡ
Ǿŷ嶢ſһӣǻëˣмŵø˵ֻбţɵɵվǣ
ջĪȿˡô˵Ҳһ׼޼ĸףȻŷͬһ׼޼ôܹѵġ
ԣڻëʵڱﲻס£ڿڵ벻벻㣬Ȼһ׼޼ðɣˣҪɱҪУɣ
Ȱ㻹ˣҵĸҲ֪˭ɱңԼɣ
ĪκεĶӣ棬Ͳڡҡ뷨
ΪԼһĵĻͻһ׼޼ǿ߷ŹԼҲԣΣȷˣʵû뵽ԼģһԼͬĳǿߣ
ԣҪΨһѡҳԼ̣ҲԼĸס
̶޷סԼ
ǲ˵ˣԼ׼군
뵽Ͳްûڣ֪һ׼޼ǿߣԼѳ𰡣
ӦǾ仰Ͳ
˭뵽ϣƾնһ׼޼أ
ŶǺǺǡ
ŷԣȴ״¶һĨЦ˿Īƣֿ˿һѾָ˵̣ص㻹֪˵ɱ֮ʲôɣ죬֣ټСɳ£ңŷ壬ɱ󣡣
󼸸֣ԵĿɱ˵ǰ㲻ɣն
ͬʱҲĪ̼˿ɻеʵԣȻҲףһΣԼ״˶Ļˣ
ĪɫȻò԰ȻǸ߼Բ缶ǿ߲ǣ׼޼ǰ
Ͳ
㡭㲻ɱңɱңҸףһɱģ
ĪľǵӦŷľѾ֪ŷ壬Ķɱ⡣

Ȼһ˾ֵشȻͼһӰٶȳŷĴڳȥȻӰŸոʱͣԶ·˶ͣһ㡣
ܣ
ŷȻɭȻڷлص˵ôһ֮󣬱ŤͷѾҿƣͽǴˡ
ϣһ˾ɣ
ʱһ׺䶥ĴЦܣ˶ĤǶˡȻٺٹЦų˽ӽһ߹ЦŽӽһ߹ЦŰָؽڣһžžžĹ졣
ģһ׼ɫɫǡ
һЦҲȥ޶ٵˡ
Ǹˣ򱻹ŷ嵯ָһ֮󣬱ֱӽѨȫݻ٣˳ٽԣκΣգֻ۾ֵؿŹЦ𽥽ӽ
ﻹܣĪƺ̣ĵѾûκλɡ
͸ոչŷⵯָͽһͨһ֣׼޼ǿߣǾһģ
󡭡ˣ𡭡ɱңˣʲôԸ⣬ֻҪ𡭡ɱҡ
̲ûĿ¶֣ܣκ飬Ψġ
Ī۵ףҲžֵģǣȴ֪ŷҪɱģ
ΰɣôȥ˼Ҫɱ
壬ǰɣҲ뿴Щĵˡ
ʱɺȻ˵У͸¶Լ˵ļ
ŷһЦõģŴˣ
˵꣬Ŀ˲䣬ȫ޷Ӧ£͵̧֣ͷ֮ϡ
Ȼ󣬿񱩵û谭һ㣬˲ͷѨ룬󣬽ĩ
ֻ£һľͻںޣԼǻɢͫס
̵ǳ״̼ͬĪơ
ʲôܣ
ĪȻһȻҲֱӳŷȥ
ˣĪƵĴ֮Ҳ˲侪ѣͬŲ·ȥ
ĪǣȻǺˡܵĻҲΪŷôһ鷳ɣ
ȻҲף۽Լô¶׶༪ˡ
ǣԼĸ
ǵܣŷֻǵЦһЦûȥһۣȻһӰʧԭء
ʧɲǣϸСâֱ׷˶ȥգۣ˵׷һȻͲܿƵˤڵء
˲䣬òˡ
ٹ۹ŷ屾ʧ֮һ̣ѾǳĪƵǰ
Īô˵Ҳ߼Բ缶ǿߣǺĽͬǿߣԥҲʩչ˲ƣӰʧ
ǡһеһУǰ׷ѵġ
ֻΧѾ֪ʱһ޴͸֣һ죬ĪʧӰײ֮ϡ
˲ƣɻ⣡
㲻ɱң㲻ɱң
ĪʱѾûһ侲״񲣬ֻ֪һ˲ơ
һδδžžžĪŬ޷ӳַΧ벽
ŷ壬ĮȻ棬ȫȻûȥ·ǿ˵ĳԱǻĪƽӽš
·ȺˣȻǱս濴ˣΪҲͬӦ˹ŷ׼޼Ϣ
׼׼ޣ
ˣ˭
Աͬʱð뷨
ɱңҸһɱ㣬ɱȫҵģ㲻ɱң㲻ɱҰ
оٽĪǳ׵رˣҴ󺰴ţδԼȻҲһ죡
ԼԼĸףĪκΰԼôôܻ
ͷֻͣڴˡΪһ̣ŷѾ֡
ԴһƷ߼Բ缶ǿߣȻ޷ɱ缶ǿǰ⡣
ŷһȣ̧־һâʩųȥȻͬһʱ䣬ͽ⿪ǲ˲Ƶ֡
һӡ
ۣ
һ֮ž֮ԵôëٿȻ漴·սԱͿǸһˡȴ˸ǵˣ˲ͷ롣
衢ࡢѪҺʺȵȵȵȣ׷״ӷֿ¶Ȼڵ֮ϡ
һ룡һ붼һߴƷԲ缶ǿߣòˣ
ŷݵȻһ֣ͰĪƵȫսƷռ䵱С
ʱγɶŮҲ˳ս졢ꡢĽףһһʬ壬Źŷӽ
Ҳ˵ֱӾͽľʬ峯ŹŷһȻŷһ֣Ҳ˽ȥ
һУŷͺһ
Ȼǽһ֪ǵԼһ˵޾ǿ֮ãǳ׵Ľˡ
ǣ뿪ˣˣӦûؼҿˡ
ŷ忴ߵӺֵǣ̾ŵ
ǰҲ֪ﵽôˡ磬ûбأ
ҲǸ̾͵Ȼ׷׶һۣһЦһԼͬٶŴ͹Ļȥ


992 ľ˷֣
ڶֻ޾ǿյС졯ǣ޾ǿյеĻô졯Ѷȣ
ԣʹǹŷ壬Ҳ졯һܹһͨĺڶġ
һ·ȥ͹Ļ뿪ֻ£ղŴսǱȫݻٵݻݣԼɵûд𾪵лˡ
ȫ󣬻һʱ䶼ŷ֣ؽ紫
׼޼ǻͬӿˣסŷ֣ǣһ׼޼
ôûҵȥķ
ڷȥ·ϣŷ̲סģתͷЦʵ
ϵЦݾͲµ˰Ȼ֮ǰҲ΢Цȴδ˳ԡ⻹ò𣿡
ĽףЦ
ŷ岻ݸȷˣԼ֮ǰһֱǹŻҰֻصЩֵܣȷܾûЦ˳졢ˡ
ʱŷֺȻһֻ۵СָǣסתͷȴעԼ촽غʵ壬ǸȥķǲǻҪڶ
Ѿŵزµˡ
ŷЦŵͷûҪкڶ͡İɣһΣԲϴǰǱˡ
ߣǵȻ˿һ׼޼ǿأССĺڶʲôأ
һߣɿɰСӣĵϣǽ֮ɫ
ŷͺٺһЦǣɵС֣һһɵغǻȥա¡ǣԼеǣǵţҹŷ壬ˣ
ֱչ˲ƣѾȥΪ
ˣҲŷʩŵ棬ŷ˲ƵĶҲŵĶ
һͱˣλȥҲ֪үүҰְֿһ缶Ϊ󣬻ı飬Ŷ
УսЦþòϢˣ̧ͷĿѡ

ŷ˺˳ؾ뿪磬޾ǿ档
һ·ŷ׼޼Ϊѹûعˣ˿ɣʱԲ棬׷ĺ䶯
Ҫ˶ãԬӾͻ֪Ϣ˰ɣšҲ֪֪󣬻Ǹɶأ
ŷ߰飬һѾԶѾʼ޾ǿˡ
Ӧһ£ΧûϢĴں󣬹ŷͶԼ˵ˣȽƷռһᣬҪ˶ãܹɹɺڶˡ
˷׷׵ͷȻſʶŷһͰսƷռ䵱С
ǽȥŷͰǴеļ䣬ڵķλ
ֻϣǴ߰ٶʮ緽λûκβɣ
λ󣬹ŷ͵һȻ󣬺ݺ³
ͻȻ˫۾һµ˫͵̧漴ǰգǳһӡ
ŷȻܡҲʹȫƵ൱ãϴ⡮졯ڶʱĹҪСһЩ
һ죬ǰȼըգ۵ĹϴСĺڶէȻ֣ءر
Ϥһʱ䣬ϴСĺڶֱ׵ĺɫߣһʵ֮
ɫµİںӴùŷǲֳһ˿΢Ц
ؼˣ
ٳɣſһзǿڶ߽ӽһΣŷֻʩųһ֣ңԼʩš
˵ʵڵģŷԼ֪ԼжôǿˡǾ֮ͻ֮߻ǿԼеЩȻǿȣ
˵֮ͻ֮֮󣬹ŷʹδ˵Ԭλ׼޼˭ӵи
ԣһ㣬ŷͿʼ𣬻ǵĻ֮ľȣ޷Լӵеأ
ȻֻǹŷĲ롣
˵ǿȣһ㣬ŷȴ԰ٷְٿ϶ԼԱԬǿ
ΪҪ֪Լӵ֮ͻ֮һ̿ʼͲͣǿԼ
ÿһνһξ޴ļǿǣܲҲԼһڱԴΪʱʼǿ˰ɣ
ҡҡͷ˦Ժ߰뷨ŷ̧˫ۣʼۿΧ
һΣŷл濴һĺڶ
һ֮£ŷͫ׶ʱһ֮ǰǴΣһû򿴣Ϊ
Σŷȴ˲һĵط
Ȼ۾޷ģǹŷӦģ
Ӧڶ֮УȻΪ֮ɫġ
ֲ


993 𾪵⣡
Ϊʲô֮ľ
ŷǾɵظӦǻϱĺڶֲ˼
ŷҲ֪ΪԼϴûиӦȴӦˡ
һԭȻϴѹûעЩƺҪӦľԼľҪĳ㣬˵ƿܹӦõ
ϴΣԼȻҲǾƷʦҩʦˮƽ϶ԶԶ޷ȵġ
ҲãԼľǡþͳƿӶӦĿֲ
ֻǹŷʼո㲻ڶ棬һûûʲôʵԶģΪλӴľأ
ָоͺڶɾɵһ㣡
룬ŷٺúøӦһԭףʵЩþ
ǣŷ˫ۣиӦ׷ɢʱǽ񱩵ľŷӦΧ֮ڣ
һӦŷȻǷԭڡ
ԭڶʵϵĵȷȷȫɾγɣγɵԭ޾ǿյĿռܲסӴѹȣڼѹȵ±£㻯һƬޡޣǺڶ
˵üһǣ⾫ʵһ֮ͻ֮ĵ
ֻ˶޷ͻƾǸ㣬ҲǾƿԣŽֻΪֻһѡΨͻ֮󣬾Ž˲䱬תһȫµ
Ȼŷܹ򵽵ģҲֻЩˣľȻȷܸߣǻûߵڶγɵľȡȵʲôʱľܹγɺڶˡ
ŷȻһЦʱԼһʮƷʦҩʦ˰ɣ
ͻȻŷȻһʮƷʦҩʦ
ԭˣԭˣ
˵ΪʮƷʦҩʦ޼ֻڴ˵Уδ˴ﵽء
ԭҪΪʮƷʦͱӵйɺڶĿֲ
˵ԼҪͻƵʮƷʦҲҪﵽ̶ֳȿ
һ룬ŷͿָ߶ȡ
˷һԼﵽ߶ȡüһһһڶ
ţ̲סֿͣЦ
Цһ󣬸оԼƺЩɵֻûһƲأ֪ɶʱܴﵽĸ߶ȣ
ڣǳδͻᣬúڶľɣ
˵Լܴʲôأ
ţŷʰ˫ۣȫעؿʼ
ռ䡭ѹȡת
⼸ڹŷ˫ۿʼ֮󣬱һֱԺ֮лصֹ
ΧĿֲҲΪŷĲṩ˾ѵûĸطʺΪʵġ
ѹ˿ռ䣬ռ֮£γһƬޣޣ㹹˺ڶ
ޡޡ
ŷʶէȻ֮䣬·ʲôַ·ʲôû򵽡
УҲһֱ߶ʻ㡣
ŷ岻֪ǣʶ߶šޡֵʱľȻУȻʼ˷
ľʹͻƵٽ㣬ֻһͻˡ
ԣ⣬ֻһʱ䣬ŷľ˳ͻƵʮƷʦزȻŷԼȴûκβҾҲûֹͣ
ŷҲ֪Լʲôʱ뵽Ķ״̬еģֻоԼԴȻһ±ǰδеһеĸӦҲǰδе
ҲͷԱǰδеԭ򣬹ŷȻ֣Լ֪ʱȻѾ뿪˺ڶΧ޾ǿһɲ׳۾ɫ
Ȼ˫ۣŷؿΧһʱ䣬ԴЩת
׷ʲôԼʲôʱĺڶʲôʱĶ֮У
ŷʮãԼողһֱڲڶľ

ŷ˲ɴ˫ۣг˲˼ɫȻ֣Լľ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾͻ˾Ʒʦҩʦٽ㣬ﵽʮƷʦز
ȴùŷ座ȻĵطΪоƺʹʮƷʦҩʦ̶ȵľҲǾĶ㣡
⡭⵽׷ʲôʲô
ŷæʼԼڶ֮һĻĻȻһζμ䣬㿪ʼԺ֮и֡
ռ䡭ѹȡת
ޡ
ȵȣޣ
ŷʱĿ࣬ԼովȻУһ˿ޣ
Ȼŷûʲôޣ٣ޣѾ޷ĥӡ
޴ʲôǴţδ˴ﵽġֻڴ˵еġ
޼
ŷû뵽Լαֻȥģȴظһ˿޼İ


994 ʮƷʮƷڶ죡
޾ǿУŷ㶵ԭ
ʱ˫ĿȫںڶеһĻĻһδβʱĸܡ
ΣŬ޷ٸӦκһйءޡ֮£ŷֻз
·Ҫһһ߰ԼҲ̫쿪ˣָģһΣѾջķˡ
˵ɣ˵һ˿ԡޡĸܹԼͻƵ޼Կװ
׿㲻˵˵ɡ
ͻƵʮƷʦ֮󣬹ŷͲҪȥԣֿܹ϶ڣԼֻҪһ죬Ǵ죡죡Լһڶ
Ȼ޴󣬹ŷһ£ԼľǿȣҲֻܹһֱǧ׵ĺڶѡ
ֱǧף׼޼ǿȫһܹ֮ĺڶǣ񣬹ŷȴֻҪһ
ң޾ǿգʹ統УҲˣ
Ҫһ㣬ǹŷҪڶʲôʱ֣ʲôʱ֡Ҫڶʲôʱʧʲôʱʧ
һУֻҪŷһ
⿴ûʲôر˵飬ַõսأ
¾׼޼֮սɣͻȻڶԷðһڶ˭һȻսؽܵӰ찡
ԣͻƿ֮󣬹ŷսѾԼЩ֪ǿĵزˡ
벻벻ԭͻƿתһ֮УҲ˵Ŀֲ˰
ŷ岻ĸ̾һΣɾʵת䣬ջ
ٺһЦٶ룬һμˣ֮ǰ
ʵŷҲûôһ⣬ȻԼܹƺڶˣ˵ԼƺڶͶԶʹͶԶ
ʵϲ٣ƾŷΪ;ǿȣǰ̶ȣ
Կڣŷֻʵʵطɵȥˡ
ŷ壬δô˺üСʱǰһμǵòֻмʮӣ
һĽףͲɻʵ
ŷ΢΢һЦҲæŽֻͣǵٺ˵ڣǻȸ·ɣ
˵ţʩųһ֣˶֮󣬱ֱչ˲ƣķ˲ƶȥ
ͻʮƷʦ֮˲ƵľҲȻ˾޴ı仯ԭֻǧңڡ
ȴʮﵽһף
⣬ʮﰡ
¼䣬˭ܹ׷Լ˭ܹԼ׷ϣ
һʱ䣬ŷвȻһ˭ĺУֻһ˲ƣȴǽߵļ˸ɵˡ
һ֮󡭡
ҿ磬˲ơ
գá÷˲ơ
Ҹɣšŷ壬˲ơ
ս졢Ľףˣ׷׿Ʋסֱӱ˴ֿڣΨгȵĺͽûбǿƵɫǴʱĵ𾪣˿ǰС
γɶŮȴҪضࡣֻǳݵؿԼɶѣȴⲢûʲôôСֵġ
ҵˣҪǶ޼أ˲˸һ£
ɴ漣ߣ
̫̫ţˣ磬죬⵽ô£ôżСʱû͡ͱôţˣ˵ǲǸոʲô鵤ҩ
սǾ̾һȻŹŷʵ
ŷһЦһ˲ƣһ߰Լӽڶʼ˵˳
սˣ޲һһէĿɿڴġ
̲סͬرһ䣺ȥҲ̫ţ˰ɣ顭޼żˣ˵֮¼䣬ܳ׸޼ǿˣ
ɣҲ˵ϵ£˭ܿ϶أ
ŷ嵭ػôһ䣬ʱۡ
Ǹһ䣬ս˵ҲѾǷǷϰڹŷߵ𺧣һѾƽȻһʼ𣬴ŷͻƵ޼֮ǲҪͳһһ棿
ȻֻкģԹŷķʵԼҲûٰգһһƫĻܾܿǲ֮ˡ
ԣһ·ϣֻһһظ·˿κδ⣬ǵֲԤǿ֮Щ
Ȼһһڸ·ƷҩȴҲû˼սңƷռЩԴޣҲԼٶš
ƣڻصʱ̣ƷҩҲܹΪĻЩԴޣҲô˵ܹü˰ɣ
˺ͣЪظ·תۼ䣬£ʹҴһ


995 ܹˣ
˵ʵŷû뵽Լ˲ƾͻһ״֮󣬻Ȼµʱ䡣
ڣ죬ǿĺΰ
һ˲ŷʱһǻˣԼķԤҲûƫ
޾ǿһУǾѶǣܹǰȫңһ٣
ٿγɺսĽףˣ޲һϲɫأǴʱҲܼɣ
£ûκһͣЪ˲ƣǰŷ̱ˡ
ڣȻոս˲ƺ󣬻һЩƣֻԭʮʮֱ֮þ
Ǿʵת֮Чˡ
壬ҡǵˣھȥҰְֺҸ磬Ҳ֪ڹúòá
ɼڹŷ߻ƣŷ΢ЦתͷصİɣǲµģҵԤиңɲܼȥˣ뾡ϹȥУ
ţǾͿ߰ɣ
Ȳˡ
ŷͷҲٶӰһͼż˲˹ȥ
ȥķ轣֮䣬ѾܹԼ轣ԱĴģˡ
Ǻΰġɾ󲿷ɫǳɵɫǰϤǰĺ嫡
ŷ壬ܹоֵڲtԼУΡ
ȻֻǸоѡ
һ˲ʮսȴֻһˡ
չŷ˲ٶҲʮӵѡ
һδ˲ƣ轣磬Ҳ
ʱŷȴǺȻͣȻǰΪӦǰͨ缶Ϊߡ
λãҲǿķģԹŷ²⣬Ӧˡ
Ȼŷ巢˵ĴڣȻ޷ӦŷϢ
ֻб켶ΪˣҲйŷʩŵ֣ûйŷΪҲͬ޷ǡ
ȻùŷͣɣΪͻȻӦܱߣƺͨ缶֮⣬ͬΪˣ
켶ǬΪģûзκһ
Ȼߣפģ
Ϊפء
ŷоһԼԤûˣ캣磬Ѿʼ轣緢ܹ
ֻǲ֪ܹʲôʱģһŷ廹ܹʱĵģֻҪ캣˻ûлһ㶼ʾܹûн
һ룬ŷŵҲʱһЦٶ룬һֱӳûκ֪˲ƶȥ
߽ĳʯ֮ϣͨ缶ΪߣţһɫԴ޿⣬һƣȻ̬еڳſ⡢ƣһ߿޾ǿ׳۵ľɫòڡ
࡭
һƵ漴߾ˬعһ׼ݺҧһڵʱ򣬺Ȼԭտǰ֪ʱȻѾվ߰˸ˣ
ͫףʱһ˫͵һּΣյϢҲէȻ֣֮£һʱ䣬ȻôɵɵѾʧȥΪһ缶ǿӦеķӦ
ֱΪ׵Ǹ껺Լ֮ʱŻȻ˹Ҳ룬˺üʮγ似ʼۣȻȫ䱸ضŹŷ壬ģŷκ쳣ٶսǻתܣ
ǰڳˣǵٿӰȻʧʱһģѾǳױ䡣
˲ƣԲ缶
лصң֪Բ缶ǰԼССͨ缶ûκܵĻᣡ
ңʱҲӦ⼸˵Ϣ
üһͨ缶ǿߣ
˭ҪʲôЩˣԼΪδδδ˵
У˼⣬ȫ벻Щ˵״ӺζΪл缶ϵʶͻȻðô缶лһԲ缶ȻԻˡ
ʱɲЩʱ򣬵ŷӰʧ֮˲ȻŷӰѾʮ״
㡭˭㡢㡢Ҫʲô
˵Щˣû취˭һ
ŷԣȴǺȻ¶һ˿΢Ц͵ʵã𣿡
֮һ㶡
ǰôˣ˭
ŷΪͬһߵأϾʵôǿߣ轣ˣ


996 Ϊ˼ңˣ
Ŷǰûˡ
ŷȻ΢Ц˶٣ʣôֻһأ˶ȥĶˣ
Ƕȥ㻹û˵˭أ
˵һ룬ͣ˻ͷȻɴž迴Źŷ壬ʵ
˭ҪֻҪǵ˶ȥˡȻ㲻˵ҲԣһҵķõҪ֪Ĵ𰸡
ŷνʼ磬ƽȴߣͻȻеһĪĵ
֪ŷνķʲôֻ֪һ㣬ʲôԼ
ԣﻹ˿뷨ˣȫȥ轣ȥˣһͬ𹥻ģԲ¡캣磡
һԼ֪һж˵˳ĩˣСؿŹŷ壬¶һֺõЦݡ
ֻŹŷ˫һ׾ŵߡƮĺڷĺۡ
ͻȻоŷƺӡеĳ˼ƣֺûм֮Щӡ󣬿ôҲ벻
ʵҲǣԹŷϤֻԶѣûУŷΪƺֻͨ缶ѣأȴǳ˴˵е޼֮ǿˣһʱû뵽Ҳ֡
йŷ𽥿ʼǰۿϣģ۾ԽԽֱĿɿڴȫʧȥԹܡ
ŷǵһۣûж˵ʲô̧֣׼ȡ
캣ˣŷûκ
û£˫ʵʵڵĵ˹ϵһ㣬޷񶨵ġ
ŷ̧֣Ҫֵӣ˲ŶȻѣ̧ʳָָŹŷ壬Ȼ㡭ǹŷ壡
ŷֻһЦ˵˴һ仰ңμ棬һᡣ
£Ҳ¡
ȻеһУԭģ
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ŷ־ͽ˸ͽƷռ䵱УȻż׼ٳɹȥ
ֱȥģھ轣ʱԶԶģͿһȺսȻܹѾʽˡ
ȥвϤ棬캣ģꡢ˷ɡвٲʶġ
ЩˣŷӦ캣ˣԼЩˡ
ںŷûпҪô캣פأҪôڹ磡
轣Ǳߣŷֻʶһ弸һǸ߰ŷȴ۶ûȥһۡ
ƣ˫õǼңɣ轣һ˾Ե·硣
ŷ壬ҪҪȥһǣ
ʱĽףȻʵ
Ҳŷ壬нԶЩԾԾԣȻͻƵ缶֮ǣѾﻵˡ
ŷȴҡҡͷΣ轣Ӧûֲܼʱ䣬Ҳ֪絽ôˣԣǻȥ˹Щ֧֮Ԯɣ
ţ²˳٣ھ߰ɣ
˵
ŷһͷٴδżչ˲ƣٶȥ
Щսеˣꡢ罣߼Բ缶ûиӦڹŷκϢ
ɼЩˣĹŷ嵽״Ĳࡣ
֮ٵ磬ٶȿɾˡ
ŷΪȻֻ˲ӣȻǽӽΧûκ⣬Ȼģǵ׵һԲˣ
ùŷжȻһѪɫǣЩŷ壬Ȼǿ˺Ӱ
ңǴʱһЦ˶Ҫعţ
ȻĽɾԲǺǵĽɫȴԲ缶ǿڶԸĽ죬ˣŷͳͳûΪһ߼Բ磬һмԲ硣
ҲӦ÷ǳѣȫǱĽѹŴ
Ǳߣŷ嵹ʵϤס
ùŷеǣҰֻǿսӵֻҰǬϵĸ߲ԱȻȫ
ңʵ٣ȫȴηһߵеǰ
ŷǲɵ¶һ˿ԵԺЦ⣬ҵˣҹŷˣ
ȻǶˣôҰֻصйԱȻҲȫˡ
ɷսХᡢշء̻ϡºơɳӡѦ¡桢塢uuѪõ塢׺ϡҹӥȵȵȵȣʯСѾʯƹСƶϪͨЩսԱ
һϤסһ˫˫ᶨ˫ۣŷȻЩ˼ᶨ˫УΣ
ŷ忴ˣǵļᶨڲԼļ԰䣬ȵŷѾû˻Ұֻ
ǵΣƴԼҪסҰֻأΪģֻΪҰֻأǹŷļң
ѪҺ˺ۣлҰֻسԱһδλˡһδˣûһ°벽ûκһʹ
Ψҧ֣¶ֶϽţҲȻսֹ
ֱԼ
ߣ˶Ů͵͵ĳ
ŷûͷܹµʵʱģֹŮս졢ꡢĽףҲȻС
ΪԼ˫ҲѾʪ
ǣֻΪһ翣֪Լǻļ֣ʧȥԼԹ޻ڣ
⣬ˡֵܣ
΢΢ƶĿ⣬Ȼŷûв´졢졢ԼЩиԼĽһˣȫԱ
һ̣ûиңֻ뱣סԼļ԰
ŷ͵һ
ǡֵܽǣˡͽҰɣ
һ䣬˿飬ʩչ޵˲ƣЩȥ
ԵɱǷ·ܹ񷶼ĺѹ˲䣬ȫ

찡죬벻Ҳнɣ
սУµǰ̶һ蹷㹥Ŷ죬һ߳š
ߣͽнôˣ쿴ӲϵĹëȫ
ôѾǻˣȴɴ󿪴û˿
ͽ
Цһ룬ΪЩ϶ķˣȻΪеĽĽǸϺͿҪһδδѹֵܣн죿
úϻУ
˵ʲôһŭ𣬹ٴϮ
ʱģɲֻкһˡ
¡ҲڹеУԲⷽһͨ缶ߣֻⷽȴûˣʱɱЩ켶
Һվ͵£ȫȫǣǣȥ͹ŷ塢ӡĽϻ쵰һͬȥɣ
źһشЦս˰Ȼ״̬
ֻʱһհĿֲ嫵ѹ˲ѹ£Բⷽһ䣬У


997 ŷ壿
ѹڳ˶޷ǿ
ԶĽ죬ǻȻתͷ߿˹УһĨȻ֮ɫһ
սļ缶ߣһһӲԭأ亹˲佫Ǳʪ
ΪŷѹԲⷽģ̺ɱ񼴽ٵĸо
ǶˣǾ͸˵Բˡ
׷һͣһж亹ȻȾʪȫһɵԭأԴҲʱ˿հ״̬
ֲ̫ˣ
ʵֲ̫ˣ
ѹɱǴδܵеݾǣ·ÿһ˵󣬶һվɭЦݣ̧еǲϷȥ
Уյչ˵ĺΪԡ
պͷĺһſˮ㻬䣬г˼ȵľ֡ֱӾŵûһشŴͺһ̲ͻϢһ㡣
ȻŷѹԲⷽģˣҲܹоհĿѹɱġ
Ҳһԭأɵɵܿȥ뿴һǲĸ·ˣ
Ҫɣܵƾѹƣܹȫסģ
Ҳ˶ѹɱʱΪߵĽ죬·ǴѹϢиоʲôһ˫۾˲ɴĿԭأģ޼֪ģΪҲѹѹأ
ʵȻˣʵȴǣȻѹиӦϤĸоϸϸһ룬һӰȻи֡
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šŷ壿
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̧ͷܿȥĿɨԲ󣬿һл߷Ӱ֮ʱˣʧС
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ǣûлȻô˰־ۻᣬأ
һȫ⣬ԵúƽǣκһˣȴиӦǳɱԲˣһ䣬Ϻëֱէ
ʶŷģ޲һʱ䳯Բȥŷһ˵ʱ򣬿ϲ˷ܵȵȸ˲鲼˵ͷȻⷽͱ顣
ԲǷʶŷģ޲ʱҰףûһ˿ѪɫУԺΪԣ
ΪΪף̶̼ʱ䣬ŷܴǬֱͻƵͨ缶ȥ
ǣֻɳֵزأ
һ㣬ֻӸղʩŵѹɱܹ֪ˡ
ֻǣΪʲôûǱڶ˽ȥ¼䣬ѵܹӺڶˣ
ôҲֲ׹ŷΪʲôţʱɲЩʱڣӦÿǿǣԼҪˣ
ΪǿԿ϶һ£ȥԹŷ̬츳⼸ˣѹͲ˼ɱģ
£Ҳֻȸ߼Բ缶ǿߣܸԸɣ
һ뵽Ͳǰġ
轣ⷽĽͷ罣󳬼ǿߴڣ캣磬ȴֻһ꣬ǰƷϵĸ߼Բ缶
۷Ķϣ캣ͲռϷȻҲ·磬۷ϴ轣磬ȴǸܵ顣
ټϹŷôһ̬Ļ
£캣۷ζԾϣûκһͿأ
۷εսǣ񾭣һܱͿ֪ˡ
뵽˴ʱʼֻҪ˵캣ǵûʤĿˣмĿܳܣ
һתȴȫֻΪһ˵ĳ֡
ŷ壡
Ѿһ촫µˣ
ŷ壡
ȫһңֱŷԲһǧ֮Ƿ˲ŶȻ𾪿ϲлعһʱ䣬ֳ˷ܺ;ϲĺ˿У˭ܹоóܺϲɫ
ǻҰֻЩֵܣһӯԼ
ô죬ǶŹŷԼ˵ܹؼң죬Լȵˣ
ʱǿ˺ֵزأ
٣ⳡսǲ˰ɣ


998 ģҲɱǣ
ʱ˶벻һĻˡ
˶ڶԹŷͻȻֵ𺧡ϲ־еʱԭҿŹŷĺȻͬʱһȫʵ顣
ֻҲ룬Ȼֱͬɥ֮Ȯһس轣緽Ӵ˹ȥѹûκԤףȻһĻò˶ûзӦ
ʵŷ屾˶û뵽ȻԼܡǽҪǻӹҹŷģҸţ
ŷǷһ˿ĻȣӰȻԭʧȻǽ뵽˲״̬֮С
ڳˣʶԱ߿ȥǺȥķֻȴ޶һ׷Χ֮ڡ
ǵĹ˼άʱ򣬼ʹǶ춼ûΪŷ˲ƾᳬһסȽϣĽҲô˲ƾѡ
Ȼǲǣ۾죬ȴûмŷӰ֣ⲻ˶Ϊ⡭ѵŷʩչĲ˲ƣɣ
ϣ
ȫΨĽĿһһʱǧ׷ΧȥǡûйŷӰ
ȻΪʲôģӸոյѹӦУѾ֪ʱĹŷΪȻǳԽԼ
ǣγԽҲ̫װɣ¾δ˵׼޼˲ƾ룬Ҳֻһǧ׾ɣ
һǧ׷Χ֮ڣΪûйŷӰ
ѵ
ĽеȵţȲ˵˵ŷ˲״̬һǧ׷ΧûӰѾʾ
һֲ׼޼ǿߣ
⡭⡭
ĽѾ֪ʲôʻݴ˿ԼĵĲˣ˵ǷˣҲǺΪġ
ʱ۽⣬Ȼǿǧ׿⣬ҲǺ뷽ǰʮ״һӰͻȻ֣ɴ˫ۿȥһ˲Ŀɿڴ
ǧף
˲ƾ룬Ȼﵽǧף
ңȻ̬ԣǧףļ˲ƾ룡
ҵ죡
񵽵׿ֲ˺ֵز
ĽѴͣŷǿԶԶس
γҲԲΪŷﵽ޼ġ
Ȳ˵ֻڴ˵У¼䣬ûһ˴ﵽ
˵ŷҪﵽˡﻹҪ˲ȥ׷ϣֱһ̧֣¾ͻᱻ񵱳Ȼ˲ҷˣ
ʹˣҲɸĽ޷𺳡
ʱѾֻʣɬŷ嵱˵ûûԼһϺͿ
˾콾ԼȻѡվںһߣȻ㵼¹ŷ屻
ϺͿԼϺͿ˰
ŷҪǴ¼ɥԼ񲻳ˣ
ţĿ⣬ҲŹŷ忴˹ȥ
뿴һŷôġ
ʱȫҲ˹ŷĴڣŷȻһ˲ƣǧ׵ʱ޲˲Ŀ࣬ŵĶһʯˣǱ飬Ǽ˹Ƶá
ٿǸոһӣһ󿴵ġ
ڿŷӰͻȻʧʱ򣬷׷һ֪ŷضչ˲׷ˣҲ룬̵˳ֻܹڹŷ׷֮ǰϵڡ
Ȼ˴죬ȴʼûпŷӰӣⲻгɻզͻȻˣѵ
ʶʲôȻŵ˼㣬ǻ̲סŤͷԼǰ濴ȥ
һʱǵĸζϡ飬Ҳ٣Լǰ棡
ǣôأ룬˵Ҳǧװһ˲ƣǧף
ȥ⻹ë㣬ǵãֻ꣬İ׵˲ƾɣ
˵˲ƾĻŷ弸ʮˣ
ǵӰԾͣȻſڽؿֱ˲ƵǰĹŷ壬Ѿ֪Ǹʲôζˡ
û뵽ŷȻǿزǿ󵽣꣬вĵز
ٿŷ壬ʱֻĿ⵭ؿǰѾŵɫûж˵ʲô
ǵãԼץʱһƵ衣
һƣǺǴġ
ʱĺǣ亹죬ŵһ仰˵ˣͺһһŸͷг˼ȵĿ־壬ﻹһ㵱ԼץԼһʱ棿
ŷ嵱ȻһƴԼʱ裬裬¾Լڵ۵ʱûйġ
ԼʱҲ˵һƣԼסˡ
ţŷǣ¶һĨ䵽˼΢ЦںȴħЦһ㣬ʹ˻鲻ԽشһȻҲҶֻôð亹վԭأȴĲþ
Ȼǵ˰죬ȴŷ嶯֣ʼֻǴЦǣϵĥǱ
ָоͺǣͨﷸ̵̳Ĺնͷȥʱնͷȴ˵ѷɳȥһ㣬ֵȴĥǼȵ˱
Ȼһɶŷ嵭̧ۿȥȴ֣ԭǺŵʺˣ˫ȸǲֹһŰʱȻ˷ĵ֡
ŷҲɫʱȹ硣
ģǲô£Ҳɱǵġ
׼ѡɱֱ˶ĥʱ򣬹ŷȴͻȻ˹
ŷĻǶʱһɱǵģ
ǵȻ֪ŷжôޣȴ˵ɱԼġ
ǣʲôģ
ʮֲŷ廰˼ĵףȴΪŷһ仰һɶϣ
ֻҪܹţ´ӴţҲˣ
ĵ׹ͬ뷨
һĲ⣬Լ۵һĨϣϲãŷٴһЦȻ΢Ц˵һ׹ߵһ仰ҲɱǵģΪô׾ȥ̫ˣ
ҹҹֻصĥܶԵЩŰɱ޹ˣ
ŷƽдһ˿º͡
ǣ˵ĻȴͬԵ׺ݵĶħȻҪԼˣҹҹֻصĥ
ĸоԼҪˣһ˿ϣ˿ȴǻ˸ΪУشǵࡣ
бĥ
¡
µ
Ȼŷ壬Ҫ
һ˲䣬һˣԸȥҲԲԸҹҹֻصĥ
ԣ˶ȥˣЪ˹ֱӿʼ׼͹ŷƴ
ŷ壬ģֻ¶һ˿΢Ц
ǵĳͷʼˣ


999 ԭ
ڹŷǰͺΪɱȨûС
Ъ˹ط񹥻ŷȴȥһ£ֻ̧֡
ڵԬͽϵı׼
ֻ̧֣ʩǴ֮ϣȻֱӳȥ
Ȼ󣬻ûһӣ˸Ӧ£Ѿǽǳ󵱳һ˲
ԣûκ⣬ǵĹҲֻܻؼȻ󳹵ɢ֮䡣
˱˲˶ɵ˵
û뵽ԼȴѾȨûˡ
ٿŷһĨɭȻЦݵʱëٿȻѾˣֻ֪һ㣬Լᱻʹࡢĥں⡣

˲佫Ʒ󣬹ŷ岢ûȥ࿴һۣתͳ߷˹
ҲظŹŷƶƶϣȻһƬ
ںǵһƣŷȴûȥһƣԼ֣һƵ裬ڽҹĥУ㹻ˡ
ԶԲˣȻŷ̧־Ʒ֮޲˿ֻŵС
ʵǺԥţǼ缶ͬᱻŷ׾ٵ£
Щ缶ܹ׵ؽЩ켶Ǭġ
һʱ䣬˶еǰǰĺڰǵһθоΪ캣ˣ˵ı
Щ缶ΪǿߣȷӦ˹
Ƿ׷¶˿־ɫոǿ˹ŷ˲ƾģǲΪԼܹڹŷ˲֮ѣ
ӲִӮѵԼЩҪڴ
־塢ͺֲĲԼٶȺӿԲⷽѾû˭ֿ֮ĵģȫɵɵԭȴС
˵ʵЩˣŷһŹ
Ȳ˵ǵжԹϵں˻˵𡣾˵Ϊǵԭ򣬵ԼֵܶɥȪв˶ˡֶϽţ⣬ŷͲŹǡ
˭ҪԼֵܡˣû˵ģֻжԷѪܸһ
ԣŷԽӽЩ֮󣬶˵־âȥЩâԽЩ˻ɱ
ȻЩ缶ǿߣŷ廹ҪֶԴģҲûйչˣӭǵģֻǱЩ߸ǿһЩ˶ѣ
һ˲䣬â裬Ѫ쭣û˭ܹһҽУΨâƳյĺХ󣬾һһսᡣ
ȻЩ缶ûô׶ԸҲֻڹŷâ׷ɱ¼˲ʮʱѣ㾡һʵƺߣȻ󳹵ȥ
УͰͶսĵף
ɱЩ˺󣬹ŷϰԵؽǵսƷռ
ոջȺֳܲ˿̣ȴֻʣĿɿڴˡ
ٿŷѾת޿ȣû˭¶η֮ɫΪֻ֪ҪԼĳЩߣôǵηŷ壬ΪԼЩ˵ػ
˺һᣬֱѾǰΡɡսˣ׷׳ֵܽ˸˵شк֮󣬲ŶȻе˾ѡ
˲䣬ԭžȫͱ˾Ļֵ֮ܶż˱ʲôС塯ŷ塯ֶȵƺеùŷͷǵģһһһӦùŷææ
ǣʱĹŷ壬ĵףһƬů
ûʲôֵܵһϲһʺøΪжġ
⣬ǡҡĸоɣ
Ұֻء磬ҹŷļң
С壬ҡ
ʱһŲ͵ֳ֮Ȼ˲һƬžȻȻ׷׳߿
ΪˣˣĽ죡
ȵŷһͬĽѵˣ˿ҲĬس߿ʵĽ첻һΪսʱѾԭ
ĽǸȷ̫ǵģǹŷ塣ǻ˼·ĻʵЩ˵ġģĽ졣
ı⣬ֻպ¶˵ʵס磬ʱĹŷ壬ûչ¶ܹպ¶࿹ʵΪ磬Ľѡ˺պ¡
ѡպ֮Ľĵ׿϶ǷǳģΪҲԺΪеȵķŭ
󣬺ǵѱ䣬ǽŷҲץȥĽĵףǳκͻ⡣
˵ֻΪ찡


1000 ˣ
Щŷ嵱Ȼ᲻ס
ңľҲܹ⵱Ľѡ
ңŷ岢ˣ˵ô˵ĽҲĽףĸףĽףԼõֵܣֻӣŷѾԭĽ쵱ѡ
ʵҲ˵ʱͲǸ
ûкԼץߵһϵ飬ԼҲֻͨ缶̤ɣ
ˣĽ죬ŷûһԹҲûһˡ
ǣŷûжֱӱȭĽݲףõֵܣǰȥ͹ȥˣֵҲҵԣһУŰɣ
ȻǰӣôĽ죬Ӧóһеڡ
Ľ졢Χˣû뵽Ȼһ棬ǵŷȫС̬֮󣬸޲˴Ĵָһ̾
⣬ˣ
⣬˸еؽ
Ľ졢ԼŷĽףһ֮󣬲֪ʱѾоۿЩʪ
ĽףСʵѡڹŷߣֻΪԺıĺޣȻҲԼ׵ѡЩɲô˵ҲԼĸװ
ԣЩҲһֱԼֵܺԼ׵ĹϵΪţ˭ڹŷĽ޷ĳԹġ
ϾĽѡôܻüβȥ
ȻĽףû뵽ǣŷؽȻǿ˾أͬʱĵҲǳж֪ŷ̬Լ񣬾󲿷ԭ򣬶ΪĽ죬Լĸף
һˮɣôദ֮䣬ѾҪκȥΪֻҪŷκҪĽףԺԥػȥ
ϼһҿǿһᰡϡ棬̫ϡˣ
Ľ첻֪˵ʲôõʱ򣬶ȻһЦǵ٩ʵǻһЩεա
ȽϣȻŷĿؽûˣĽԼĵȴǳ˲ġ
һ仰ʱĽ΢Ц̧Ĺŷļ򣬼촽˵ʲôһ仰û˵׷׻˼̾Ȼû˵ʲôˡ
û֪˿̵ľֻ֮һָооԼ·һ̳ǰͥںϵһ𣬲⼸ǰ㣬ˡ
ΪԴǸ¹ŷ֮󲿷ˣѾĽ켫Ĳˡ
С尡̫ˣżû㡭¾춼ɲ˰ɣ
ŷ壬̾
ǰС壬ոôˣôǿߣȻּ̧ͱɵˣѵѾͻƵǴ˵е޼ɣ
ʱХ˹ͬǾ̾ޱȵص
ʱսɷշ̻ϵȵ˶˹ŷԣХʻ֮󣬶׷׿˹ŷ壬Уżĺ֮ɫ
ҲǻΪҪǸոչŷչֵһжʵ̫һ㡣ҪǴ˵е޼ǿߣ˭ܹǿ
ֻּ̧Ѱƽʱ߲ʵĻ缶켶ʱɥȪˣ
ŷһЦĽͶλ缶ҲЦ
ոչŷչֵһУȷĽ˶ŵˡ
ȴΪŷͻƵ޼
Ϊô϶ʵҲ˵׼˵Ӧûһֱɣ
ûУ׼޼Ϊ޼Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
ŷЦŻش
ۣҲţ˰뵱ڻҰ½ɳʱ龰ĿʱҾ;ãƲǳ֮û뵽ǳ֮˵ת
¼䣬˭ܹͣ޼ֻһ֮ңģ
ХŷĻ󣬾Ȼֹסؿʼ̾˵ĳĵȷȷ·һ㡣
ΨһͬǣʱĹŷ壬һ˿ɬȴɱ䣬˶ľ
ХһϯҲʱڳ˵һЩ䡣
γǣŷμĳ죬ѹͷɵ˾֮˰
˸̾һҲ֪˭轣磬˶ȻԼ˹ˣ轣磬ˮ֮أ
ʱ˵Ŀⶼ˹ŷ壬һ̣˶ڵȴľ
죬ԼĽ죡


1001 ׼޵ķӦ
ЩĿ⣬ŷ΢΢һЦûƴǡ
ϣǿΪԼʵȻǿģǾûʲô֮ˡ
ǣŷǽ˳أúֵܣ漴һ֣ɱڵȳ轣ڷλȥ
ֻΪ޷սһƵĳؿźƣҲйϣٺһЦĥƲƵؿʼĥôԸˡ
ڹŷûȥ֮ӺԹĲҽоܹԲǽĴ
ˣһ·轣Ƿɹȥ
йŷǿڣȻȥˡ
ҲֻЩ켶ϵĲŻȥ֣Ľ춼ȥֵġ
ǵķٶȣܿͿ˴ս캣ơ轣
Ӿɣ轣Ѿ޷֧ŵıԵ
ֻ˵Ϣս˵Ĺע׷׳˲ؿ˹ľȻ֮󣬱轣ˣһãȻı顣
ǻûиӦЩԲ׷ϣʮֲ⡣
⣬ôôˣ⣬ôᳯԲأȥˣ
ͷ罣òɿ꣬һã
üͷҲ΢΢治֪պ͵ЩڸЩʲôĽܹ˿е⣬ôô˻ţ
ңΪǻˣ˶Ķȥˣ
жʱһŭźյ׵ˣȴûЩѾȫҵȥ룡
ܿⷽˡ
ûģΪȻ˷ȺǰǸ꣡
ŷ壬ĿʱһһϸϸӦŷΪһȴ¶һĨȻ
Ǹ׷ɱŷĳߣŷε˵ʱ򣬾͸˹ƵãһĿɿڴؿţǿǼǵãŷǱڶȥ˵ģ
ڶȥˣΪö˶˵ػߣ
ֲ⣬ǵӡڶǾĴʣ
ѵܹӺڶ֮ߣ
Ȼе˵ţʵͷǰǲòţ
Ѿǹŷ嵽δӺڶӳˣţһΣҲ֪굽׻οŭ
ֻǲ֪ǣһΣǵûлٳĿŭˣ꣬ҲûǿŭĻᡭ

ٸγɵ磬ҳ֮Ϊɡ
ԭҲǷƽ˾ģȻƽʱ׼޼ǿƿصʱʱطЩĦ˴ţ˵սңƵһƬгˡ
Ȼȴ֮ǰˡ
ԬӡϡĪκ׼޼ǿ⣬ϣȻֶһ׼޼ǿߣ
ǿ߻˿˼Īκζ˵棬ֱӾͽϵŮɱȻǽĪκεӸɱˣ
˸еǣߣ֮ǰƺμԬӵͽѡΣԬӵټһ
˱֣ڱԬټ֮йŷˣֱ¶ȫʵȻ˻ɱ
Ȼ֪׷ʲô£ӦúԬټôһϵġ
⣬ԵЩѰζˡ
ⲻ³Ѱŷ׼ǿ߿£ȴûҵйعŷκһϢ֮󣬸еΪӲҿŭĪκζˣҵԬ
ǸоӸһЩϾһŮôء
ĪκǿŭһЩĪصĶӣȴһ֪Ķð׼޼ǿ߸ɱˣҪǲһӣǽҲͱˣ
ȻǶ˸뷨Ǹоһ˿ΣС
ͻȻð׼޼ǿߣʵǴһĳ֣Ƿľ桢ԼĵλʲôӰأ
⣬ǿ϶ġ
ԣԭҲ޷ȥˣһ飬ԬҪ˵ֱӸ
Ԭӷ·֪ǻһ㣬ϿһֱȺţ֮϶ʱ¶һ˿Ц
ߣԬôҪһ˵Ե޹ʵģôͻȻðһ׼޼ǿߣһŮɱˣ֪ȿ϶֪µģ˵˵ĶֵǴĶðģ
һͲԬ˵Ļᡣ
ϻһ䣬ǱĪκοŭҲԬôɾ滵˹ذȻһ׼޼ɱҶӣʲô˼Ҿͺ˵ˣҪôǻ쵰ҽгҪôҽͺˣ
Īκ⻰ʵЩˣҲܹﵱĵȷȷǻˣҶͻȻֵĹŷ壬еһɺܴΣ
˻ԬӣȴһҲ
ΪԼ⼸Ҳޱȵġ
ȻϢʱ˲ſû£ǴҲû뵽һ׼޼ȻμԼͽѡһʼԼˣ
жİеƨðݣԬӿأ
λʵһ㶼֪飬ģƭԬͽԼĿˮǺ
ŭĶˣԬǲɵ÷һЦæվȭ
Ȳ֪飿֪Ƕ֮ǰͽֹҲھΪô°ҶӸɱ˰ɣ浱Īκأ
Īκκ϶ԲţȻҲʵҲһŵǲţ
ԬӾͲ̾˿ԤϣԶ˶֮Ҳٶ˵ֱӾͿʼǼ֮˵һУ
֮󣬽ԶЩ
ˣ
Щһ΢򣬻ܳȳǿߣ
ĪκζɲţزǲԬӵĻˣǲŹŷȻǴģ
Ԭȷ
Īκüͷʵ
ȷԼҲˣƬ򣬸Ͳ鲻κһߵϢҸҶ϶ĵȷȷˣ
Ԭʮֿ϶ص
ߣΣԬӵĶɱ𣿼ʹģҲһҪɱȥ
Īκŭˣ˵һ֮󣬱ֱӿѯʵһ֪ķλ;İɣ˵ҪǲɱˣƤûطˣ
ĪκεĻҲһͷģԬֻǿЦһ£־棬ϡ
һ֪ԼҪ治˵ʵĻ˶ܺϻɵԼˣ
ǣ˾Ԭӣ㽫ķλ;϶ˣЩĪκζ˶˵ͳŴ͹Ļȥ
ȻǴȥ޾ǿգȻúڶ͵磬ȥҹŷ屨ѩȥ


1002 ˮת
ŭҴҵ뿪ԬӣȴǺȻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ȻӰһȻҲ˲˹ȥ
Ԭӵĵû϶˵Ķ룬Ԥϵؿ˿ԬһۣȺߵҺˣȻһỳϼһ᲻ȥʱֱӽոͳһˣ
ԬҲû˵ĪκξһɷصлˣԬ򲻣
˵ţĪκξָĳλʵ
ԬҡҡͷλҪұƶһס
һף£ôһƫȫȻʲô⡣
Ȼھʵ̫ңԶԼʹֻһףôúڶҲϰǧڹĲˡ
ԬӵĻĪκæ˵ƶһףԬ˼һȻ϶ص˵ͷ󣬱㲻ٶ˵϶һۣһȣ־һ
ֻǰէȻһƬ޵شһڶָͷС𽥱ձֱʮ׵ĺڶ
ڶγɣ˶һۣȻԼͬһͳ档
תۼ䣬˾ͲӰ

ʮӺ
Ӱ޾ǿĳȻ֣ĪκξͿԬӣʵȷҪһ𣿡
Ԭӿ϶ص˵ͷĪκε˵һ֣һɳµĺڶٴγ֣롣
ν룬֪
£һʱᣬǲҵڵġ
ʹҵҲһԺˡ

ʱսڡ
ģͷ˲һĵط
ô˵أʱȷܹӦŷϢǣһϸӦȴȻ֣͸ӦŷľΪǶ٣
һ֣ʱ˼ȵ𺳺ͿֻŵС
Ϊ֪ʲôţŷҲ׼޼Ϊˣ
ȴΪԼһƷ߼Բ缶ǿߣ
һ£ǳ׵ɵۡ
û뵽Լһ֮ҪҪŷԼµ뷨ôͳһԼǿĳǿߣ
찡׼޼
⡭ԼһҲûдﵽľ簡
ɵˣĵ׸ǳ궼ûгֹĿ־壬˿ԵЩˣֿ˿ͬ˹ŷ岻һ֮˵ķ罣һ졢壬ٿ˿ʿ籼ˡ
һ
һԼȫڳ˶Ȼľ
ܣ
ڲܣʱ
һתͳԶ˲˹ȥֻԶȥűӰ
һĻˣ캣ˣ޲㵵
⣬ǵһμ߸ϵתܵģһ˰
ȴˣһҲãһҲա
ʼֻһǹƨĵһ˰
ֻбסȡɽĻᣡ
˶ÿûκԥͳɣöӡ
ˣһӰȻҪʧˡ
ܣ캣˾Ǿ㵣ܿ뵽˿ʲô޷תΣ
Ȼһ˴ͷԼҪʲôأǣһʱԭռ˾Ϸ׷ɢת۾Ͷܣûһˡ
Щܣѹȵʮֱ轣Ȼͬˡ
в׼ȥ׷ϵģǺܿͱ罣ָֹ̧֪йŷΪȻɲĳǿЩˣûʲôܵĻġ
ңǿΪŷչֳ罣Ϊ֮ô׷벻׷Ѿ罣˵㣬һУҪŷġ
ˣҲ׷׿ŷ壬ȴľ
ŷҲ飬ûЩȥ׷ɱĴ㡣
ȥ׷ȫȥͷģǵ׷ɱܵһˣɲǹŷԸ⿴ġ
նݣҪ
ǣŷ̧˫֣һȣָϸâһ֧֧ҵļ˷˹ȥ
ЩܵˣڹŷĸӦСӳӦΧ֮ǰŷаսȫˡ
ŷ˵ӰһꡢߵһԲ缶ǿӷ׷˹ȥ
ЩΪǿŷ岻Զ֣ǲɱǵġ
Ӧꡢ˵ϢŷҲһ˿΢Ц
Ƿˮת벻ô˽ɫת
һΣԼҪǲҲؽʲôܶԵ֮ǰԼΪأ


1003 Ůġ
ŷϢͲκء
ô˸ӦǱ˼Ǹǣңŷˣ
Ȼܹãڹŷŵȴͷһأֻƴǰܡ
ŷϢȴԽԽӽеҲأͷ亹һֱû˿͸Ƶã̬Ǳޱȡ
Զʱʱ²ҽһһ㣬ݻǡ顣
ιǱˣܲҵġҪͣǺúô
Ǿ겻֮ʱŷȴǺȻԱߴ·Ƕ˵һ㡣һ£ǳһɢ
ŤͷŷһյظԱ߷еʱ꼸ɵˡ
⡭⡭
ɵãܵӰҲͣȻһĬˡ
֪ӣѾǲܵˡ
㵽Ҫôҳϣ׼޼ΪˣΪܱȵù㡣ȻˣҪɱҪУ㣡
Ĭһᣬ֪Լٷ֮ʮǻˣҴҲ֪ԼԴӮȫȡ衣
ˣǻʲôɣô꣬ˣ
뷨֮Բ缶ɲ롣
Բ缶һ캣ģܽ͸ܽ
ĴĻ󣬶ʱ˸壬æƲĵ󡭡ˣֻһ˵˼ɾԴȫ
ι轣磬ҲǱĹε϶ȵģԲǵıⰡ
ԣҪҪĺǾûκһϵֻŷһţԹԣ
˵⻰ģĸܽǸΪŸոͻƵƷͼԲ缶ߡ
ߵĻĿ˲һ䣬ɱʱŷ׼˻ɱȴȻ˴ʱκʹʱԼݣҧҧ̾˿
ԼѾԼԼʲôʸȥȡ˵أ
ߣĬؿŹŷ壬ڶûӺȻлعŷ屻ڶȥĳĿȻ죬ǵûΪ궼һʱתӵĳȻ
ʵԼ˵ʲôأ
ԣҪɱҪֻŷˣȥֿǴȡ衣
ŶţԹԣǲ˵۽ʲô£㶼ԥصһʱȥִп
ΣѾŷѵõģЦЦʵ
ԶԣֻҪһԸСϵɽ»𺣣ǣ
һŷĻΪϷظĵص
һģ͵ܱȥǿʱ˻Ҫʲôƨӣӣɶ⣿
ܺãҾϣΪЧң
ŷޱ
ˣһģ͹һģ
ҪˣǸɴͻȥˡָԼ˵ܴӹŷʲôĺôأ
ãھͷԸһ£ܲ
˵𣡡
ܺã㣬ȥ·Ұˣ
ŷһָꡣ
˶ʱɵˣǡ·
ҲˣɵɵŹŷ壬Ȼû뵽ŷȻôһҪ
ǵĿ⣬ŷһ
ðɣԼȷеЩˣҪǽܿ˳ԱԼ̫⡣һ⣬Ρ
ˣһУȻ󰲰ֱͻƵ޼
ţȻȴȻǸߺȻһҧɫһݣſ˫֣Ŀسе˹ȥ
꣬߾ʵЩ߰վģټϹŷ뷨ʵһ£ԣͱ߸óˣ
ڡ
ֻһ·˺ѵۣʱʹӲӴ˺¶СǶ
СǶ
ŷʱɴ˫ۣɵɵؿţˣҲɵɵؿϴŵСǶͣһһ
⡭ô£
һˣӡȻСǶ
˵УΨɫȻ֪Щʲô
ٿߡ
ʱѾǺۣΪ˻Ϊڹŷǰģýʲôôѹûע⵽洩ʲôֻа֡

Ƕ£¶װ׵ͷԼ
ŷ۾ɵòٴˣҲҿʲô
⹫ϱģǸͷΧһȦǺۣ
ٲϹľһȦǺۣ
ҲͰˣǣЩǺۻ˵ĵģ
ҪҪôɧ
ҲǹŷʱûˮȻ϶ñǺ
ٿˣȹŷı˿һĿɿڴĿؿţӶܵɳ˳Ӻߵ񾭸
ʱҲ˲ԡ
һüһöİ
û꣬һԨƶ߷ݣֱֱź߷ȥ
ڿУϢѾʼɢȵ֮ͣʱ͸
ŷСҽƴˣ
ֻһŭ𣬱ֱŷǿ͵ϢĪĪκζӣй֮
ȻһǾƷһǰƷɱˣĪĪκδС̴ģ
ԣƣò˵˵츳ǲ
ŷҡͷղҲֻеôһ˵ˣȴû뵽ǸΪ˻Ȼޣû뵽ǣóˣ
Ӷǻ⣬κ˵֪ĳЩܡ
ɶܣŷҲµóˡ
ôһˣźǶƤôףҲˣһƬǺۣҲͰˣǺۻĵģ
ͬġ䡯һ˻治ˣ
ȻҲųʵɧζǣǰߵĿԸһЩ
ܵô°ɣŷҲûôȤҪ֪깥ŷҲ˷ʱˣֱֱͳŶԷȥ
ŷȴûʩųκι˫Ȼֻһ𣬵һڹ֣
ԣƷֻ꣬ҪһУһκ似ӳ֣
ȥ
˷ԼСܣǳ׷ˣκ֣عŹŷ塣
ȻŷֻһʩŶЩ֮Ĺͺһˮ˸֮һ㡭
ɴͣŷûȥһȣһͳڣ˲䣬͵һ̼䱻ӡס
⣬ǵŷһ֡
ʱԼ֮󣬹ŷ壬
ᣬȥΪԼΪӦеĴۣ
Ȼһʱ֮Լ죬һжߡ
һ㲻


1004 ͳһ
꣬ڵУͬУһֱϵĳǿߡ
ȻһȻǿߣȴŷʩųֶˣ˵ƿˡ
ŷ壬ֻʩųһڣ˲佫һӡ
ߣͺǴС֮Ĳһ㣬߼ǿģǳױ
̫ǿˣʱĹŷ壬ʵ̫ǿˣ
ǿб켶ǿΧŷ壬¶ܱŷֱĵز
Գ˵ΧҪ֪˵Ĳ²⵱Уǿ󣬻Ψ޼ܴﵽ
ӡס󣬹ŷûȥ˿̵Ļج編ƣüһ˸޷ӦٶȻڡ
û⣬ת˲䣬ЩŵϺŵĳǿǣ㱻ŷһһ
һȺ߸ϡһĳǿǣŷȻһתȻСͳŻ·ȥ
ǣظڹŷÿһ˵ϣҡ
ҲڹŷǵʱЩݵǣѾ඼â׷ϣȻɱˡ
룬һս֮ԭ߽ǿ߾ٵ磬ǰδеǿΣŷҲģ˶೤ʱ䣬Լһǿһһ缶ϵĻޣ
ԶһҽУ캣ߣȫɱϡ
ֹܹŷѪһԼûиϻ
ЩˣǻɱԼֵ֣ܵ
ԣжԹϵ֮£ŷԲκ֡
ֻҰȥЩʬ壬ͳͳռ
ŷ˻ûһѾǷȥ
ǣ
شŷģǳ˿ȺͼӦǣûΪûõŷѶϢǷݶԹŷĿȳݡ
Ȼ󣬾ͼֻҪΪﵽ˱켶ֻҰԱ׷׻⣬һ˷ܵȥռЩŷɱԱʬȥˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷҲű²ˣ˷罣һ졢塢Ľ졢һ轣Աǰ
ʹŷǿѾǶһԤϣɵŷСһɵץ߲ʵǰʱǸоǰλãǰš
ǰʮӣǱޱǿƵ캣ΧʱֻоԼЩ˿Ҫˣ캣磬ʵ̫ǿ̫ǿ
ǣʮӺ󣬿ŷ赭дؾͽ˵ֲγﶼץסˣʱǣȴȻһִ
ꡢ磬ûǰֲ
ܿǾͷЦ뷨ǲǿ󣬶ǹŷ̫ǿ
һʱ䣬˶Źŷ壬ʮ֪꣬Լʲôʻ䣬ȥˡ
оĴʻ䣬ڹŷǿ󵽺˵ʵǰԵǰķ
ǹŷȿˡ
żˣŷЦӽ粻캣ơԲ£
仰˵úƽȴһףʱлڹŷǿе˾˹
Ӵˣ磬캣ơԲ£
һ̣˲ͱٺĿϲŷǿأǿ飬ֻҪ֪һ㡪
磬ͳһ
Ȼŷû˵κйⷽ飬轣Ҳû˭ȥἰǼ˶ѾĬһ㣺ʹ轣磬Ҳùŷͳˡ
У轣ܽ罣ԼǰһֱҪչŷΪͽһ죬к塣
˵һ죬ò˵˿ĵֻʣĿЦ
ңҹŷҺûбԼͽܡ
ԼΪȥ˼ͽܣԼ˼ͽ֪ܶأ
ʱ˺һ֮ȫʱ˻ϲصĻ
ӮˣȻӮˣ
󲻵Ӯˣһһͳһ磡
⡭ʷ϶δľ׳ٰ
˶оһ˵Ĳʵ̧ͷǸһ˵ȥͷɥҵ֮ȴ֪һУġ

ͳһҪš
ûκһȥ˭ܽ⣬Ϊ˶ѾĬˣŷ壬˵ͷˣ
ŷ壬Ȼĵ׶ʲôܽðǿΪĵǶġ
ʹϣҲȥʲô飬ҲֻǹҸͷѣԹŷҲûж˵ĬԼܽݡ
ͳһˣȻǽȥ쿩
иҪҪȥ죡


1005 ػػҰ½
Ȼŷ˦ƹ񣬵ķֽҪġ
ڴˣŷȴûйԥֱӾͿʼ
ֽ졣
Բֽһ졣
ֽ塣
轣ֽ罣
캣ֽĽ졣
ÿ磬ӵ͵ߣԱʵηֽ֮λ
ɣĽΪЩߵģΪǿ캣ֽȻ˭顣
轣еڶ罣ЩΪҲˣƹ轣硣
壬һͶΪɸǿһԹϽе硣
һĵԲɵĵһִơ
磬ҲǻҰֻشӪŷϵ׽Ķִơ
Ȼս˺ܶ缶ǿߣҲֻˡ
˵轣⼸ͨ缶ɣ˵кս졢Ľףȼλ缶
ǣŷȴΪԲ缶׼޼ģȻȥʲôֽǵ
˷ְֽ񣬹ŷһȥˣԼǣڣֻһҪȥǼһֱŵ顣
뿪֮ǰŷ˰˹ؽȥ
Ȼٰһˣҹͷŷ嵱ʱͶⱻŵǬ˵һģôҾһӲ
ʱ仰һһȻ׷׹յЦݣؿž־嵱еĺ
˵ģŷ֪ӽ󣬺ؽ޾ʹ൱жȹ
ʱǣֻҪҹŷ廹ţ
һУŷûŶŮӰһͳŴ͹Ļ˹ȥ
߽Ĵ͹Ļʱŷ̧ͷǸׯһۣĬԡ
壬Ϊʹʱȥһ꣬ҲӦܹռЩİɣ
ȻˣҪ
ʱһԵҲĬǸһ֮󣬺ȻתͷضԹŷ˵
Ҳô˼˹ŷ塣
ǹŷȴǻҡҡͷ̾˿ҵȷǿԸСɣǰЩȺŮҶܹǸ
ǣǲûţѾһֲҪ֪СɣԼŮӣɱģ
ŷĻöŮʱĬ
ǰҾ˵űҪȻΪλѡɱ
ţŮȦͲЩˣȻûпȫܹóжô˵ɸŭ壬һҪһ̺ù̫ɥˣ޷󣬵ʱСɻЩŮӣ׳ݲкĥ
İɣǣΪǵΪǧ򱶵ʹۣ
ŷȻ
˵һ䣬㲻ٳɣֳŴ͹Ļ涪뼸űԴʯ󣬹â˸˵Ӱʧ

Ұ½Ǹӡ
͹Ŀһɲİɫ磬ƮĶëѩ̹ǵĺ硢ɽһıɽһеһУûб仯
ΨһͬǣҲû
뵽ŷ̲סһ
Ҫ˵ŷһֱŲµģҪԼԭȥСᡣ
ҪԼôܻǵĻɱ
һ뵽ǣŷüͷͲ
ڸոչ֮ǰŷѾѯʦɷˣûаҵ
ǵĻشȴùŷ弫Ϊ⣬ˣԻҰֻǿ󣬾Ȼûҵǵ䣡
һֻˡ
һȥ硣
Ƕĳƫ棡
һܣǼʹǸ޾ǿյзеʵҲûͻ߽طصʵ
һֻеڶˡ
һ棬жٸƫ磬û˭ܹ壬ֻҪĸƫһ㣬ȻΪݣҪҵڴѡ
̾˿ɣԼʦʦ֮Լǵӣ
ǣŷȴʼЩʣʳӣǶԼʲô飬ΪĸʦʦǣĻô
Ȼǲܵģһŷʵǲˬ
£͵ýܳͷֻϣԼܹ罫ǸҵȻԼʦʦͷ

ŶŮֻ˲ƶѣ˵Сᱻɱĵط
Ҳǵ֮ڡ
СȥȻҲˡ
Ȼûˣ϶µ֣ΪŷӦвΪȽϸߵߴڡ
ԴˣŷȻȥᣬҲȥֱ֮ϣ˫ۣ֮ʼӦ֮ƮɢŵƬ
ŷ֮ǿ̶ȣ׾ܹӦڵġѾֻ൱ϰٷ֮һСƬ
õģǧڵģǧ֮һϴСƬܹͬӦõ
ƴȫĻôһڵġ֮һϴСƬǿܹӦõ
˵ð׻һ㣬ǾǣĹŷ壬Ѿ쵽ܹȥһˣ
ǶôͿֲ˵ȥ¾ԬĪκˣɵ
Թ
ڹŷ˵ѾǼҳ㷹ˣûʲôϡĵط
СᣬҲȥ˽ѣԣѹôȥӦŷܹɸӦ֮СƮŵġɲڷֽŵƬ
ƬһôǾǲ洦ġ
Ҳ˵СȥģôֻҪûӰ죬ôСƬͻһֱڴˡ
¼䣬ҲֻйŷһˣܹӦƬĴڡ
ȥ꣬ŷɵľƬУѰҵСƬ
ȻһӣͿʼͻռ
ܿ죬СеƬŷ御ռ
ȻŷȴûȥСᣬλȻӰһͳƹķȥ
ɡζŮ
ɲ׹ŷȥĶЩˣҲ׹ŷȥʲôġ
ŵϣ
ǰԼͬŷʱƺǸͯΨһѹŵϣΪŷ͵ҩʲôżҵ˸ɱˡ
ڴ£֪ŷôһֱĻεģ񣬹ŷȻܹȥһ˶ˣôûеͯΨһѣ
ƹ
ڻӦóΪƹˣ֮ܳΪ
ΪŷȻ֣ԭƹͱһǳأʲôҵģŷûȤȥ˽ˡ
ùŷ巢һ˼ĵطǾǣͷǳصʱȻǳسſϿż֣Ź׳ǣ
Ź׳ǣ
ŷζؿţҲЩʲôȴû뵽ʱô꣬ĹżңȻѾΪһң
ңƹƺҪǿ
Ӧһ۹˰ɣ


1006 ̤Ьٴ
ŷû۲죬ȥԺ֮еЩ䣬һɨȻֱԭżڷȥ
ʵԭƹȻѾĹŹҲֻֻˣԼԭһңһǳضѡ
ķݡȵȶûʲôı仯Թŷ׾ҵ˹żλá
ͬǣԭȵĹżңȴֱӱ˻ʹȻ˺üʮԭżҵһЩҲˣ˸Ϊΰķݡ
ףⲻǰĹżڶѾɳɵ۹
Ȼ֪żҵģǰƹһСС壬Ѿǵ۹ˣЩСȵص
ǺǣڳɳǵȻҲɳˡˣȥѹŵϵƬռ˵
ŷЦ˵һ֮󣬱˫ۣʼӦ˹ŵϵƬ
ŵѾȥʮˣƬСҪСܶ࣬ڹŷֲĸӦ֮£ɻǴƬиӦڹŵϵġ
ŷ˸ʼռ
ܿ죬ŵϵƬȫռŷҷƷռ䵱УȻ̧ͷɳķȥ
һԣδʱҲ¶˻֮ɫ뵽ǰŷΪԼһĻĻ֮ϣСҸ
ûͣŷŶŮչ˲ơ
һһ׵˲ƣû룬Ѿ˴ɳıԵش
ٶȣԽԬɵ
ɳԵ׼ŶŮ˲ƵģȻʱ򣬹ŷȴǺȻ˵Ȼתź󷽿ȥ
ԭڣֻǲ֪ĸ۹ĳǳأֽʲôǳأǳʼĶ
ŷ廹ϡǵԼ״ɱˣеġʱһĻĻҲӰڹŷԺ֮֡
Ȼùŷסԭסģȴո˲ƹʱ򣬺ȻǳУӦһϤϢ
Ϣ̸϶ôϤŷȴԲǣ
ǣ
ŷоһʵû뵽ԼȻӦǵϢ
ѵνġ̤Ьٴȫѹ򣿡
뵽˴ŷǣɹճһаĻȡ
ŮŷԶЩɻΪŷ뵽ǰΪԼɱ˵ĳС֮ϵҸ֮ɫҲŨ
ŷûȥǽʲôֱӴǾͳǱ߷˹ȥȻ󻺻½
֮ڵϷԭǵĳſڡ
ȻǹŷܵʲôأֻǷǳ棬뿴һ⼸궼ʲô
ǣԭǸģ
ˮģԵñȽϷ
ߣŷǸʱ˲ٲΡ
ЩŽʮױ˵ǰŽѾ۷ˣôһѾǷǳˡ
ʮ׸½ûУأ
Žױߣʮ׶繷
һױԴױԴʮױʮŽױǺü٣
ŷǸʱȫ޷Ȱ
ŷ˵ĳ֣εĻȻ
׼ȷ˵ӦǶŮĳ֣ĺ䶯
ֹ˾ɫŮӰܱȵ֮һģǶǴŮȵǧ֮һģǳŮڰٷ֮һ
ðɣûֹ
ԣǺ䶯ǿ֪ģһĿ⣬ȻŮУŮѾŮͨɱĵز
ʵҲΪǿһδα壬˵Ǽ񡢰͸죬ǺΪģֻǿǿܹѡ
ڸʣ˭˭ԣŷģʼնǱŮǣŵģһǣ˯
ţ˯
ÿǹŷ壬ǶŮԼʶǷǷ̧䶼͸һλߵƣԵҲû˭ǰðֻԶԶؿš
ŷˣȻЩĿ⣬̬ȻԽˣȵĿ̹ȻǳڣȻѭŸӦϢǸȥ
Ȼŷ˵Ȳôһ۵Ķġ
ڹŷ弴ߵ֮ʱһӦĸӸС˹ȵؿŶŮǰ
Ϊߣֻа˽ױȴǸʮױߣһģǴ˵ıںʹ֡
ŷͲüͷˣô˹ŷķۣûŶŮֱƹߡ
Ǳ߰λҼЩ죬ǲ
һŮȻƿߣæ˼ڼǰװһʶı飬˵


1007 ֻжȹ
ɵ˰ĹӸ磬ŮһۣоΡ
Ҳò˰ɣ֪ʲô֪֪ŷһǾ͵ѣ
һ߶ȥû㡣
ŷ־ͰһƿȻŶŮߡ
ŷҲڿЩôˡ
ǰģһҷݣҷݻСݣӦǹͨѵĵط
ԣʩȽϼªһ۾ܿ
һۿȥŷʱˣ˵ô⼸궼ûأԭȻﵱ˳ӣ
ǣһɫʦ΢֣òҲȫıˣȻݵҩ
ڵʵһӣﻹһ㵱ķ緶ڣ
ŷҡҡͷⲻò˵⣬ûҵȴԼˣҪԼͷ

ڹŷЩʱ򣬺ȻһŭȻͲûͷŷ֪϶Ǹ񾭲ҪԼ
񾭲ʵԼ֮ǰŷ˸˳ǷȻ̧ͷһշɹʲôԱٵͷȥ֣ĹȻŸոյ;У
ָһͨ缶ǿ߲еĴ
һ˽ױŷһѣȻĺ촽һˮ˹ȥ
ȻͼͬлǲĹͱһڿˮֱӻ⣬ˣеնܿƵַɳˣֹס߰˲
ʵΧкܶڹսˣԭﶼڿϧţɫŮӲ쵰˵ģӣҲ϶Ҫǿʲô
Ϊ깥½ӣȻһڿˮͰĹˣ
⻹㣬ǸѪǻ˲˰
ո
˶ˣôɵɵؿĨĨǵĹŷ壬һʱ䣬˵仰ˡ
ǼսǿŰߵսҲ١
ǣȴδȽⳡΪ˼ģ
һԣŮڴЦֹʵ֪ոչŷһˮûֻƾ豾ǻ³ȥģ
Ҳ˵ղŹŷڿˮ棬ҪǼдôһĻô꣬ڣ̡
Ǹ˲˵ĹӸ磬ʱѾˡ
ɵɵŹŷ壬ʱֻһָо
Լ϶Σ
ţΣ
Ȼ˭һڿˮԼ˵ģ
ҲֻβŻͷ
ǣΧһĿΪУǰλɫŮӣ¾У޷乴յɣ
ֵıҲǿˣһ̧ԼȻҲԼǲΡ
ҲСע⡣
УǸ΢ֵǣתͷԲΪôȻ˰
û⣬˹ŷ塢Ρɡ
ǵһ˲䣬۵׶Ȼһ˿֣ǵŷʱгţ
ôǱ˸ץȥ캣
ѵ캣磬Ȼ类ƣ»ˣ
ֻɲܽ͵ͨǣˣԼǵˣ
ʱֵһĻˡ
ȻĹŷ壬ȻعͷȻԼ¶һĨĪ΢Ц
Լ
ңӦרԼģ
켶ΪӦٶȼ죬ûκԥһٶȣŹŷ巴򼲷ɶȥ
ŷ壬ǵȻϣתҪӣҲûֱǽԼƸʩ˳ʱ񱩵˼ѹȶ£ܵȻƵѹ֮£ȫ޷ٶ֣
Ǻǣǣþò
ŷЦһҲûŲŲֻһУȻǵͲܿƵسŹŷ߷
ܵһ˲䣬ΪûκѹƣǱ켶Ϊ֣һԹսˣԼǸӸıǣһɵۡ
ĻҰ½ѾǰǸҰ½ˣͨ˴֮Ҳ棬ԣǵʵǺܿ͵ó˽ۡ
Ǭ
ǰ󲿷ǲ֪ǬĴڵġ
ǣ緢ս飬ǲһֱȥġ
ˣ˶֪Ǭ֮ϣб켶缶
ɣּǿߣУǾһĴڣ
û뵽ǣԼ컹ۼһǬǿߣ
еǣǬǿߣȻһˣƾűѹ͸Ʒˣ
ҵ죡
꣬ʲôΪǿߣ
켶Ǵ˵еĻ缶ΨǴ˵еĻ缶˿ֲɣ
ٿǸ֮ǰŷꡣ
ʱоԼҪȥˡ
ƤģҪҪô㱳
ԼոնʲôԼȻȥһܹƷһǬĳǿߣ
ոǻòͷ
ʱѾûȥˣΪΧ˶֪ŷּǿߣǲ϶˵ġ
صŷ֮䡣
ŷĻٱŷƷѾһƬҡ
֪Լˡ
Ҳû뵽ǣŷ壬Ѿǿ֪ʲôĵز
ͨ缶Բ缶
ƺûйŷǿģǴ˵е޼
޼
һ뵽֣Ǿֹסشһ˵ôģʮ궼
ȻȻ
ǸоԼû˴ʻݣ֪֮Լˡ
ΪУⱲĴ¡Ҳ֪ҽǻ˵ġԣֻϣܹҸʦķϣܹòôʹ࣬˶ѡ
ǵͷʧ˵
һĻŷԭ΢Ц飬ȴͻȻŭ
ĸףȷʦĸף
ŷһ䡮ġҪѿڶȻ費ԼʦʱͰָȥȴͻͻͻǡ
˵ʵҪǿԼʦʦΨһĶӵķϣŷﻹЩֱӾǼƸˡ
ʹڣʦʦΨһĶӣ
ˣⱲ£ѡΪУǼ硢񹲷ߵ飡
ŷǿѹͷĻ˵Ҳɱ㣬ΪҲʦʦġǣҪ׵ķŹ㣬Ҳǲܵġ
ԣһϳΪһУӽԺֻ׼ʦʦǰڣ㵨Ų֣һ
˵꣬ǴӾ㵵лһ֣ڣڵѨݻ٣
ңΪ˷ֹҩָһԴڣѨա
һУŷ޶ŶŮȻ˷ǣ˲뿪
ֻ£һĿߣѾʧǣŵûֱĹӸıǡ


1008 ʦʦϣ
ŷѳɷ˵ǣŶŮֱɳ˲˹ȥ
һ·ԣֻǵʹŸͷ­ȴû˶پ֮ɫ
Ȼ׹ŷ˵ʦʦġʲô˼֪Լˡ
ڽŷ嵽״ԼȥѾȥ룬ΪҲûã۹ŷγͷԼԼֻš
Ĺŷ壬ѾɳԼûʸĵزˡԣһ⡢ⶼھԵʵǰһ뷨ǿ̸
ʮ˲ƣŷ弸˾ѾʦʦﰲϢ֮ĸ
ŷ塢ζˣͬһʱͷ·ɳ֮ͻأһɳϲ׷¶ԵĻҸ֮ɫ
ǵļ
ֻɳеĹŷ壬ѣгһǰļ
ϵΣĿˮעŹŷĲõ˫У˸Ҹ۵Ķɫʡ
ԣ״ͷġֺɫͫףԵ൱䡣
˵ġǵļ𣿡
һԣҲɳǿôһȻŴ˿صĽʵ
ڹŷδӶĵһۿʼ־֪ϾҲǹŷŮˣŷ֮䲢ûôľ춯أԹŷİ⣬ȴҲ˿ε١
Щȴ˵ģÿÿĽѣȴû˿ʡ
Ϊһˡ
־ֻ֣Լ̫
ţ
۵СԴеᣬܽڻƵá
ŷҲд̾һȴ̾ϢǸ̾Ů۵С֣һգЦ߰ɣȥʦʦĸȥ
˵꣬ӰһֱӾʧԭء
ʦʦĸ֮Ѿܽˣŷֻһ̾˲ƣ
Ǹģ
ΧһƬտ߲˸ŵĹâ֮УһӵӰźŲǧŰǰ㵴Ƣ
һĳɣȻûпǶӰȴֻ˫עӵ˫֮УܹܳǶԱ˴˵װ˺̶ֳȡ
ٿߵǡ
ʱǴ͵ġ
û뵽ԼȻԼĸĸ
ȻǶѾȥ
Լ׻鲼˺ۣٿԼĸײӴһ˿ڣٿжԱ˴˵ľͰ⣬Լ۵׵һ˿
֪ΪΣȻʯĳ࣬һĻ͵ؾһ顪
Ȼһ־ʹʹ죬ʹԺ
ΪʲôԼΪʲôԼ࣬Ϊʲôʹ
һԼ˿Ը𰸡
֪ʱǺȻоԱƺЩʶ̧
ţΪʲôԼָЩʪ
Ǵ˴Ȼͷָʪ󣬺̡
漴ͷԼۿ֮УһһεľӨȫԼƵصελ䣬תۼ䣬Ѿ档
ԼԼΪʲôᣡ
̫۵ԭɣţһ
˿϶뵽ȻɣԼš
ߣ㻹ޣ
ǵĶ̬ŷܹӦġ
תͷһελ飬ŷȴо˵ķ̣ЦһоǱ֮ɫ
ֹŷˣ꣬ǿ׽ԼĸģȻıûĽ룬Щˣôɱ
أĹεĶȻԼĸǰⲻǷʲô
ŷĻȴû˵ʲô
ҿ϶һ棬ģԶԡ
˵ôһ֮󣬹ŷͱͷȥˡ
˻½׵ؾͽ档
߽˿ʦʦ壬ǰ˿Ѿȥǧ꣬еĹʣ㡣
ǻɢûͫ⡣
̾˿ŷʦʦһݣȻͻȻתͷĿؿǣȵ㻹վͦʬǲҪ㣿
ŷȻû˵ʲôܲŷĺǳ⣬ĬȻԣĬһᣬڹŷ弴֮ʣ˫ϥȻ˾ô˵ϡ
ͷ­ҲȻ£ŷ岢޷˿̵ı飬Կǣͷ֮ǵε飬ʵøˡ
ŷ岻֪ĺĳΪʲôᣬֻ֪ģŷĵ׵Ҳƽһ㡣
˵ʵոֻҪ¶һĲԸŷԻ֫죬ӡòûָ
û¶Ҳѡ
˵ͷʦʦһۣŷȥĻڹôģΪиҪҪ
Ŀ⿴ʦʦŷ˫ۡ
ʱ񱩵ľͷˮһʦʦʶУҲԺ
һ룬ϤĿհףռ䣬ŷžֱֱʶĳλȥ
Ȼһŷ͸Ӧһ֮Ĳڣŷ岻οһЦ֮֮󣬸ʦʦ飬ɺܶࡣ
Ȼȥ֮õʱΣԹŷǿûиʮģ¸
ʶе֮ӵĻ£ŷܱ֤ǡ
뵽ŷǲ¶ԵЦݡʦʦȥһֱǹŷһĲлܹǸǹŷǰ붼顣
ȴû뵽ʮ꣬Լˡ
ŷ뿴ģԼʦʦ︴֮ǻһֱأ
ţĺڴ
ţŷԽԽ˷ܣͶŮ˵һ֮󣬱ȻþʦʦʶеǵƬءСؿʼƶ
һ֮ǵƬͱŷľŴʶһŷſԼȫӦƬϢʼȫڿѰƬ
껯ɶٿ飬֮ǰһ壬ˣ໥֮ٶǴЩ΢ĸӦġ
ŷȻܹӦȥ˵Ƭ˵ĽֻܹӦõҪȫռûиǾ޷ġ
ԣѶҲƬĸӦ֮ѰѶȣɽ
ңֵĴڣʦʦƬǲɳȥġȻΪ﷢սЩʦɱƬҲǼ֮ڣӵ˵Ƭ
ȻֻʦʦƬﻹҪôãһգ¾յһƬʦʦˣ
Ƭŷ忪ʼȫظӦ
Ӻ󣬹ŷоһȻһĳһ֣һ϶СƬͱŷսƷռ䡣


1009 ʦʦУ
ոռģʦһСƬƬ
ǧķֻ֮󣬵ʦƬѾ֪ɶٿˣӲҪĻǺܺãøԡͰװϸɳЩϸɳ͵һƬƬƬ
֪Ҫռ֮޵Ƭжôѡ
֮ŷ֪ԼһϢʱˡ
ǣŷһȫӦһռ
˶Ů֪ŷʲô⣬ǲ֪ŷͻֵֻĵڸҪ֪ŷռԼĸ꣬׼临Ļ˶ûȥɡ

ʱˮת¹ȥ
ֻʮ޾ǿյУӰԼٷš
ȴֻŷˣһ߷ɣһ߿
ȿģһ
øϵģԬϻ쵰ƭϹܣĶĶˣүģҪҲҰͷ
ܻоͿԹٿˣҲǸ߸ߴ󣬳ϡ
ûˣϡԬӡĪκһУ
ŭģϣ
ң㳶ͷҳ֨ëģ˵ʲôκڶ;ҵСڵⶼˣӰӶû
һߣĪκҲҪ֪ǿ׼޼ǿ߰ôؿɼǴʱ׻Թ
нниƨСӾô˵ģ֪ƭҵģΪԸƭϼһط˵ƭɶ̸˵ɣҲһطϹת£
ԬҲɶƢغõˣôҲŭˡ
Ӵ㻹ţˣҪǿҲƭˣϻ쵰ˣ
ٴ
ԬӶʱһӵ۵Ҫսٻغϵʱ򣬺ȻͿһԵĪκκȻ̧͵һֹƣͼ㶵ؿǰ
ĪκģʱԬӶ˵ĺ棬æ̧ͷȥҲԭء
򣡣
ǣȻ
ȻңԶȴҲԼܹĴһǷ֣ƺǺɣ
˲Ťͷңҿ㣬۵ףһĨϲ֮ɫҲȻ֡
ҵˣ
طƮ£ҵˣ
˾֮⣬ŷС˵ķλȴģ
ڽҸҵˣģҵĿǺÿడ
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ߣҵˣôһ㣡ĪκΣδϷˣ
Īκһɷص
ԬȻû˵ʲô۵Ҳһɫܿȥˡ
վԵĶЩʲôˣ
׼޼ǿߣ
ԣԬ۵׵һĨɫܿǵע⣬ǾɵؿԬһۣʵԬ˵ʵ㵽״СϷʲô
ҿɲţǿţ
Īκһ˫Ϭ˫ҲǽԬӣȴĻش
Ԭһȴװ̹ȻعЦǶˣһֻǹţʲôְ
Ԭô˵ϳɾ˲һۣǷһЦĪκοڵԬˣǰʲôѵ֪Ǹˣ
ҪûʲôֺĿģͻͻظطε£Уÿ˵Сӵʱ۵׶һ˿̰ȻΣüǻҲ̵̫˰ɣ
ԬҲôˣȻǵ֮ʱսҲƽʱ̫ˣȤҲ˳¶ѡ
˵ʵڵģĹϵǲİɣⷢɶöôҲһ˶أǲ̫˼ˣ
ϴʱҲ¶һ˿ĪЦݣԬ˵
ǵĻԬ̲סһЦ
ϼһʲôǰðɣʵ£Ҳû֤ʵ֪ǲ
һĻ
˵Ԭ˫˫жȻһ֮ɫҲ¶ˣôֹΪͽܹˣ
˵ǻһͻƵǴ˵еġ
޼
֣Ԭһһ˵ġ
ǣÿ˵һ֣Īκ۵׵ľԽŨһ֣ȵԬӻ£۵׵Ŀϲ֮ɫѾǺεر¶˳
Ҳһ̻Ȼתͷ緽ϣǸֱõɫ
ΨһģôҲѹƲס̰


1010 ʦʦ£
˵ô£
һԬǰȴһץסԬӵ˫ۣ˫͸ź⣬ʵ
ĪκҲò˶٣˫ͨ죬;ִ
û취ҪԬ˵Ļʵ̫̫һ㣬޼ǿ޼
ԬȻϵ϶˻д˰֣Ҳ⣬һЦƬ֮󣬻˵һǶޱȵĻ
ԭж
һҸоСӦǷĳҩҵĸӦ䣬Բһǧ꣡
ҽӴʱȻһּȼɵĸоң֮󣬾ǰɱӺŮֳ鿴һҼٷ֮ʮ϶һ¡
˵ԬȴǺȻͣ۵ףǺε¶̰֮ɫ
һͣ٣ȴĪκζ˲ûëǰǶλȴǺһ𾪣ԴЩκġ
䣬һһǧǧ
ֻоԼ˵ЩˣͰ͵ģȴôҲ޷һָ˵
ĪκҲԬӣһӦԬǲƭԼͷһ²⣬Ϊ벻ԬƭԼˣ׶ʲôô
ԣǾͱʾԬ˵ģǰٷְʵ
ֻǡ䲻һǧ׼޼
ĪκζֻеԼƺ߸ˣ˵ʵǶѾ֪˶ˣΪ۷壬Ĺ¡漣һġ
ǣ£ɸоԼĴԶЩˣˣô˵
ǵľǿ˺˵ĵز͵ʮ󣬲һ㣬ȻĪκοڳʵԬʱˣͲҪˡ˵ɣ㿱ֳʱ򣬵׷ʲôȻٷ֮ʮؿ϶ǲͬ
ȻԬû˵ǶǺҲԬӻеǱ˼ˡǰٷ֮ʮؿ϶ǿ϶ŷǲͬǿ϶ŷͻƵ޼ķ
Ȼʱ򵽵ҹŷѯʣֱӿ
ͿСӵϲϵˣ
뵽˴ĪκζжȻһɫܿȥ
Ԭԣһ
Ȼ˸ĪĹԣҲЩƲסļʱڿʱ򣬷֡СӵеĻ֮侫ȣȻԽʮƷ׼޵ķΧ
ȴûдﵽ޼Ӧý׼ޣ֮䣡
˵ˣҲӦףʲô
Ԭӻ£ͿĪκζѾĿɵ˵
أɵˡ
ô֪ܲʲô
ȫߣ֪£֪
ΪһΪʮƷԲ缶ѾΪ߷壡
ǲò
ȴڣΪʮƷԲ缶Ҳ׼޼㻨ʱ䣬Ϊ޷ٽôһ㣡
Ҳ˵ͻƳΪ׼޼֮Ϊһֱģûκһչ
ʼҲΪǴ˵е޼ӦǴڵģ꣬ڡʮ֮ǲò޼Ĵڡ
ָоͺһšƿǵƿӣȥ̣ƿֻܹɶˮֻɶ١ƿӵƿǣȴšÿ
ʣ¼䣬˭ܹȥԿأ
Ȼ죬ȴǺȻ֪ԭƿǣȷǿšģ
ȻΪСӵĻ֮ͻʮƷԲ磬ʮƷ޼֮ĳ̶أ
Ҫ֪Բ缶֮ľȣʹΪ
ˣֻҪԬʵôŷСӵΪһǽʮƷԲ޼֮䣡
뵽Īκζ˸оԼͺȻһ󷢸ɣưư˼죬ȴԽԽɿʡ
ٺ٣ô֪Ϊλһ˰ɣ
⸱ģԬӲٺһЦ˵
û뵽ǣһ仰ȴ˲Īκŭˡ
˵һһߣ̧žͳԬӵĶȥԬӶʱһҲһ˲ƶȻ߾ܻ
ԬӣǲʣǲǶ˵ˣǲһ˶ôȻԼͻ޼ǰưԣ
ôһ֮󣬻ǸоôͻȻһԬӿЦõľٶ
ֻ޵һȻһڿˮͳԬ˹ȥ
ܰⲻҪ治ǣ˵𣡡
ԬһߴŹһһŤڵĿˮ
ߣҿһ˸㲻СӣŻ˵İɣȻһܹˣһ𣿡
һߣĪκزԬӵĻԡ
ԬڨڨһЦ֪Լĵ׵ЩСžţͱϺˣˣǳʵһɡ
ǸǶ˷˺üµʱ䣬СӼȻܹڲһǧͻƵ׼޼гԽ츳ضǾ춯صġ
ԣҪٵȥһСͻƵ޼
Ԭת˻⣬˵϶˲òĻ
ԣȻû˼ȥЩˣ˵ֱӾչ˲ƣĿ¶⣬ڼɹȥ

Ұ½ɳ
ŷ˫ۣͷѾֺˮ
ȴ۵ģǾĹ󣬶Ǽġ
Ϊ²ϵռ֮ʦƬѾȫռʦģҲֻһƬ
ֻҪռһƬôѾȥǧʦʦͽ
һԣɹûж֡
ڿı飬÷ǳƽһ˫۾ؿԼĸĸҲ֪Щʲô
ϸĻͻһʱ֮ɫ
Ϊ֮ǰŷͳհѵʦҩڵǶӰųԼĸԼݺ֮ʱ¶ļȱʹԼսʱԶӵĲᣬ߳ױ
ǵ֪ԭԼ׼λôԼȴΪԼֻ̫ԼŬһͻԥѼ彻ԼʱԼжô硢ô
ǣһжˡ
ԼĸѾڴˡ
ԼΨгǧǧ꣬ػǵ壬ԼĵܵõЩꡣ
һУŷ嶼
ĵףҲΪʦʦĸˡ
ϾѪˮ鰡ٻ磬ԼҪôˣ£ʦʦĸѹ
ԸԼҲԸԼĶӳκβ
ȻǸТӣ޷ıԼϵһ⣡
һŷʱЩҵ˼һߡ
ȻȻһŷһ⣬Ҳ룬һ˲ƣһ֣һƬƬҲƷռ䵱У


1011 㡭ͽϣ
һƬƬŷ岻һĵҲٸࡣ
Ȼתͷ˿ǺһеγɶŮ˵ȳȥһ¡
ȥһ£Ȼ߳ˡ
Ůԣ֪ŷ϶׼ˣж͸¶˷֮ɫûж˵ʲôæ߳֡
ȴعô׹ŷ˼
ŷ岻һüȥһ£Ҫڣ˵Ҫ
Ҫǿ⼸µıֱȽĻŷô໰ֱһžͰ߳ȥˡ
ǵ˵ͷվȴûֱߣǳĬųԼĸһ漴߳֡
ŷǲ¶һ˿΢ЦܹڸģõĽɣ
ţһܹļͥһͺģǽȻǸˣ
ٶ룬߳ȥ֮󣬹ŷһ׿Ժ֮Ȼ̧һᣬű˼Ļ֮Ƭͳ˹ŷǰ
Щ껹Ƭŷ岢ûüںһ𡣲֮Ӵ֧ţЩƬҲûֽ⡣
ߣʦġұߣʦġ
ɣʦ֮Ҫʦľܶ࣬ΪʦΪ䡢ľȵȷ棬Ҫԭ
ƬƯԼǰŷûٶȣһ֮е֮Ҳǻ֮ɢޱȳӯϢͼЩƬۿɼ£ʼ˼ںϣ
һʦʦƬںϳһ壬棬ͿԿʼĸˣ
ŷǿѹͷļߵʦʦߣؿӵӵһۣһЦŵʦһУģ죬ұøĶ飡
ҲʦɰӴԺֻҪͽڣû˭ٸҶǲٸݺǣ
ն˵һ֣ŷ嵱һƯڿеֱ֮ʦʦڣⲢˣŷ漴ֿʩųһӴ֮ʦʦȫС
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ŷңңŮһɱ룬ԿǴʱҲǳ
Ϊ֪Ѧڹŷĵ׵ռķ֪ûͲйŷĽ죬Ӳŷ֮κν
ûŷǣˣ
ԣǹŷ壬ǶˣѦ̣Ĵ漫ĸммΪǵԭ򣬲Լ˰ɣԼޱȵˣ
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⡭⡭ʲô
ǰһУɳܹķΧܵԼĸϢ֮ʶ֪һ¡
ԼĸƺǸ
죡
⣡⣡⣡
һ˫۾ʱɴг˼ȵĲš
δԼĸĸȻܹûȥˣȥǧˣȻܹģ
ѵһУԴǸԼò۷
ǺȻתͷǵ޳˶Ӱȥһ̣һָооˣƺѾԽķ룬˵ǡ񡯣ҲǾΪģ
漴ͷӦ˹ԼĸҪ¸ˣ
֪Ϊʲôĵ׺ȻӿֳһɼϲãȻҲ룬ֱӾǳ֮ڣżкΣʢĸĸ
ʱ仺ʮӣڳļ˵ϰƾá
;ȴûκһ˿˵ŷ壬׷׽ӵӵѦ̣ϣޱȵΡ
ȻѦ̶ԭɢͫף˵ע֮£ʼۡ
Ȼ˾ͼǷǳ˷ܵһĻ


1012 㡭ͽУ
Ѧ̶ԭ޶˫ۣͬһʱ΢΢һȻգգ
һĻǽ˳æ̧סԼͣԼĽг
֪ԼĸǲǻʲôûɣͲҴŵŷ壬ҪΪԼԭ򣬵Լĸ⣬ùŷ嶯֣ԼͻĨӡ
ȻЩĶǶġ
Ѧ̶գգۣʹøɬ˫۵õ󣬶ƺǸӦԺЩԣȷӦģ
Ǹȥ
ֻͻȻһŭȻǬһĿֲŷԥؾͳվǰĹŷײ˹ȥ
˶Щ㵣ܿͷӦ˹֪ļ䣬ͣ˴սʱȻ֪Լһ̻ɱˣڸӦԼǰм˵Ӱȫʶط˹
ǳŹŷȥģվһ棬Ҳоŷв
Ҫ֪ŷûΪģ
ԣǿ񱩵˫ʱͨ죬ȫƴ״̬
ӣŷǻһҲǳ鴤ʹˮһβܿƵʶ
ϾԼףԼ˫ͨƴģ¾ʯĳҲᱻݺݴ
οǣȻڸġ
ڹǳŹŷȥģγɶŮԼǶûܻߵֵ
ŷ壬ֻεؿԼĹȴֶȥʩų
ΪԼʩŵʵ̫ǿˣʱ򹥻ǻˣɿʦʦҲܹķǿɾͲˡ
ԣŷֻŹײԼϣڼʹʩ֣ԼҲԼƤγһ㣬Ҳ⹥У·ȫ顣
¡һ죬ɢȥŷɺö˶˵վԭأʦʦҲû⵽
һ£ҲʲôǵãԼողһ˿Ȼ˫˫ȥ
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ʲô
ľ֮ʱǱѦҲת˹
ǡ𣿡
Ѧ˵ĵһ仰
˵仰ÿԼǰƺм˫ţȻһΪ˵ˣ˲ȥԼˣΪôо£һʱ̧ͷȥ
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ʱĵƺĳָӦԻתͷÿǸԼʧֲӰ
Լ⣬ǣ
⡭⡭ô
ѦɵɵͻȻԼǰĶӣԼǲΪҪˣڶԶ̫ǰ˻þأ
ɡʵһҲǻþ
Ѧ̵ķҲھɵľҲæ̧ͷȿģȻǹŷˡ
ŷ壬ȷǴδ
ǣǰ꣬еŭȴĪɢңϣоһ֡һϤУ
ԼǵãԼδΪλϤأ
Ȼ⣬۽ǵ⣬Ҳÿ˹ŷԵγɡ
ҲԱŮݸˣɵǣ޵ŮӣΪҲ׷¶˼ı飿
˵ԼܲǵùŷĻô˾ŮӣԼܲǵá
ʵҲ˭ϵٵģŮһӶǲˡ
ԣҲãĵطңļͣڴսʱԼԵĶǵˣǣȴûд⼸ϸӦκεĵ⣬еģֻޱеĸо
ѦһУãȻŤͷٴŷȥ
ȻǵʱͣѾǴš
Ȼһ̣ȴһ˶ûϵľٶ
ӣ㻹ǰ
ʱŭȻָǾ
˭ܿóǱŭ֮£ʧ뱯
ҡҡ
ԶԣŸĸеʧͱоԼıݺݵشһ£̲סءһ¹ڵأȻô
ĿУŶԼΪĻںޡ
֣裡ҡҡ
ǡҡ˺üȴôҲ޷˵ڹŷ嶼ЩȵĿУȻԼ˫֣ʼԼ⡣
žžž˿ŷȴǰδеο


1013 㡭ͽ£
ˣ·
µǷˣȴãȻ֪֪ˣȴɲ֪ڸġ
⣬ʧͺĵġ
ǣֻҪʶˣûвġ
ʹЩ찢ķ£ĵף˭Ǹأ
ĺĹΡ硭
Щʶǡ֪Ϊ˸ۡ
ǣ˱ӵǣ˿ȴǲ˻ں޵ˮһĴԼϵİƣÿһһϴ̡
ȻĸˣƾԼβТҡ壬ĳ棬һƣȻĴԼϣÿһ£ȴʹڸĸͷ
֣裡ҡ֪ˣҴˡҴˡ
һȣлһʹڵغţԭʧĵݣҲ滺
Ѧ̣¶˴Ȱ΢ЦΪ˶ܿԼĶӣǵĵȷȷڸˡ
ȻǵڻûŪ׷ʲôΧĵʬ壬Ҳ֪ȥĶǹأֻҪܹԼӻ򣬱һкη
ǣ˺ˣٴԼˣ貢ûй㡣
ѦæץסǺݺĴԼյ˫֣ĸԵĴȰᡣ
裡
Ҳ̲ס͵Լĸ׵ĻȻоԭĻ˵ů˵ľаȫС
ͺĸ壬Լ֮ǰôݣôΣյһ̣Լģûвġ
̧ԼһԵĸףغ˾䣺֡
һ֡ʹԭŸǳ׵ڻ˿̾˿Ӱȥ͹ȥˣ費㣬ˣˣһĨվ
˵̲סߵߣִ̧ظԼӵͷο
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Լǰж쵰
ж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
һܰһĻŷȴоԼıӺȻЩᡣ
֪Լôˣ֪Ľĵ׵Ľ
ĸĻ״ظ
ŷȻҡͷһЦЩԼԵ
ʵҲûѰԼĸĸ
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Ȼŷе۵ĽһһһԼһֻСָĦԼգͷһγɶŮ
ʱǵУޱȵĹ֮ɫԼδǰֳȻ̬ɡ
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ŷӦԼӵѰɣ
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˵ŷȴǰڰֹȻȻһ̧֣ҩ˲ʶзɳڼǰ
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ҩ޶˶һǣĿ⵱͵¶˲⡢Ȼ
⡭⡭ҩΪΪβȫ޸˹Һ񻹱ǰǿ˲֪ٱ
𾪡
뵽ʲôһ˫۾ɵر󣬿Źŷ壬𺧵㡭ôҩѡѵ㡭ͽ
ǷӦʲô̬ŵصԣȻҩ޸ˣһ˶࡭ڣ϶뵱ʱսʱȥ꣡
ǣҡҼǵҲ𣿣ҷȡҩôڷǵûκ⣬ޱʢ
һʳ˫ҲԽԽ˵󣬼ھˡ
Ѧ̣ͬǸеޱȵ𾪺ţϾǵļͣһ̣ڳ˭Ǹʧ̬
ŷûж˵ʲô˵˫ô˵ϣ޸мͽŷ壬ʦʦ
ԼɹˣֶѦͬǳмγɶŮȻվţҲæ£ͽϱʦʦ
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ŷ塢ΡɵĻ޶ˣǴԭء
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֣裬ǣĵȷȷǵͽͽϱңҪǣҡҡ
ʱ򿪿ˣ˵޷˵ڡ
ԣҲ޶ֱһͽԼĸȥЩļ䣬ͳͳ˸ĸԺ֮С
ֻС죬ǬΪܽԼļ䡮ơΪͬΪǬȻҲܹġ
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Ȼеĸ˽ʲôģ϶Ҫصģȷ˵λ֮ߵ顭ٺٺ٣
ΪϢ޶ˣվԭһȻʼЩϢ
ǵ;㹻ǿֻʮӶѣͽ⼸ʮϢͳͳ
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׹ףǣȴǸΪͣӦ˵֪룡
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Ҳ̫졢ֲ̫˰ɣ
ԼͽЩ궼ʲô
Ϊμ֡ΪԼ޶˱衢ʲôԴ似ʲôʵֲͲ˼ģڶѾʮƷʦҩʦˣŵģȻܽȥ˸
Ҳ˵Լ޶Ѿȥǧ꣬ɱԼͽˣ
ңԼͽδһ̷ɹΪԼΪԼ
£ǰ·գ޾ĥѣԹ޻ڵؼţ
ֻΪˣԼδı桢δ̵κ֪ʶʦ


1014 ׼޵
ŹڵϵĹŷ壬þԣѾ֪ú˿ĵĲ
صѦȷӦԼɷ㻹ȥͽ
ŶŶԣԣ
Ȼ֮ߵŷߣһųȵʱ˼͸ж֮ɫԼ˫֣ԽŷӵϷͽҡûһʦΣȴΪʦҡҶ֪˵ʲôˣ
˵˵ţϾȻ¶˼ж֮֮ɫȻǲԼʦͲϸ
ŷվԺȴǻҡҡͷ֣صصʦɲ˵ҪûҩûҵЩĵرԼδУҾ޷ӵнĳɾͣ
ԣҵʦҹŷʦ㣬˭Ҳ޷ı䣡
͸̾̾˿
ȻԼͽ˵ˣԼ˵ʲôɾͶԲԼͽһƬˡ
ǣޱοĹŷȴ˵仰Ҳʵû뵽һȴǲԼػĻᣬõһТġ츳ʵͽ
ʱһߣѦҲæζŮôô⣬Ŀ⣬ͺڿϱƵá
˵ڵ֪ŷݣЩϢ֮󣬹ŷ塢ΡˣѦѾͬڶӺͶϱһˡ
ʣмӶϱܹ˰أ
ǣ˰ɣҪǹŷԭ򣬴˿̵ִԲأ
ãúӣúӰɱҼǲ֪ǿĶȥˣ
Ĺŷ˸̾˵
ⶼӦġ
ŷ嵭һЦһ֣ҩǰʦҩԭ
ҩҲǳԵǰƺǵȴԭ˵
ŷĻֿ˿ҩĬĬ˵ͷЦҲãƵ缶ƷҩҩҲﲻʲôæˣ
ȻˣҾջذɣ
˵ָ꣬һѪڣһ̺ѪɳȻ˲ҩУ
ŷ壬Ҳ֮ǰѾ⿪ҩ֮Լ÷ǳ˳
ɣҩԼģȴǿ˲֪ٱ
ԣҩ֮뿪ЦҲһţ˵ͽܣⷨǼ˸˰
ŷ弸˾ͺǺЦȻŷ׼˵ʲôʱ򣬺ȻһĿȻת͹Ļ
˼ŷģҲû˵ţȻ֪ŷ϶ʲô¡
˹ˣأ
ŷ΢΢ü˵
һ˵زԵ޹ʵѰԼģҴӳϢϸӦƺǳЩѰˡ
ջҰֻʵԣʲôó߲Աʧ̬
ŷг˼ţȻһƺ뵽ʲô
ԸԼɡԼɱ׼޼ǿ棡
ȻǬ۷ΪĳصķٶȺܿ죬һѾ
ȻΪŷſϢԭ򣬲Ȼزҵõ
÷򣬲ˣ
˻ûѾԶԶ
÷򣬸ոСףǣ
֮׼˵ʲôȴպÿǵĴڣʱоһ񱩵ɱ÷ץˣߣץˣһΣҷǵðġ
ػû˵꣬ŷˡ
ˣֱ˵°ɡѾԼˡ
ŷϲû֮ɫΪոմļ䵱УϼݺԼļ䡣
ԣʦʦӦܹҰֻ˶ǵ޵ġ
ȷصĻǳؿһΣһʱҲ֪˵ʲôá
Ұֻصˣڹŷ嶼һΣ˵һԵΡ
ˣŷ˵Լ˺󣬳ϵĿŭת䣬ȻҲ¶ƵЦݣûȥ˵÷򣬾ڸղţΪǿ˼޵ĳǿͻȻ棬ûܹסǣĽͷ罣ǰ˵޷ֵǣ
ڣ˶ţҲҺȻޱǿȴҲûʲôǵľٶң˵Ҫ㣬ĽǰΪǻʶԾͽҹѰˣ
һ˵꣬Ȼֲһ䣺ҾãȻûж֣һ˵ɱرǿʢˣһǾ߲Ƶģ


1015 ϵ
ǵĻŷѾܹٷְٿ϶˵ˡ
ԬӡϡĪκΣ
ֻùŷû뵽ǣĪκΡԼǻпԭӦԼû
ԬӹǸô£ѵҪ䵱ȰܵģҪɱԼܹԼģ
ŷûôҲԲΪǿô顣
ΪŷţΪϴ̸˫ԶԷкøУԬӾͻ
ԣȻĪκζǰЩֵÿˡ
ŷüͷ΢壬г˼Ԭӵ⣬ϾֻĪκκ϶ˣŷ廹еԱټԬӵĻ
ŷ岻ò룬ģնģΪһˣ涼Ҫ뵽ȻӦѡ·
˼ŷ˼û˭ʱȥ
ĿȻؿԼͽ΢Цֹ
õȻҲ֪ԬӡĪơһϵ顣
ԣҲ϶˵ݣ֪˵ʵжô£
ڣ뿴һԼͽ׻
Ϊŷһ񣬾ʹʢ˥
Ŀ⣬Ҳŷˡ
Ȼǰﲻǻһ˲֪ʦ֪ԼЩ䣬ƾޱȷḻ;飬ľҪԼŲʮСȫö࣡
ǣŷ嵱ȭ̵ʦ͸ɣ˵ʵҲ׼ǸԬӵǸʲô˼ǵѣغܲսʤĹؼԣʦָָܹ㣡
ͷ˺ǺһЦ꣬һ˫۾ȴǳɣ˶٣ȴʵ˵˵ԬӵĸоɣãǸʲôأ
ŷ岻Ƭ̺ȴҡҡͷʵش׼̸ʱʵҺܺõĸоǡʱֵֹֹĸо
Ͷˣ
ͻȻһЦļ䣬ûĻô㽻̸ʱͫ׶ʱ΢һ㡣
ۣͫ޷ǾǼ
һǿͻȻ䣬ͫ
ʲôΣֵ顣
ʲôܹ𾪡ţ飡Ȼ̰ɱȵȡ
ڻЩҾͲһһˣΪʱԬӵ״̬
٩٩̸̬񣬶һɳ˾ԴﵽǣΪǣҪ˻²ܾ߱
ʦ˼ǡ
ŷĿһ
ǺǣǰǲܵġԣǾֻһˣ
룬ĳֲ֮ͬ˵ĳЩ𾪺룬Ӧ̰Ӷ࣬ɱҲУھʲôҲ֪ˡ
˵ԬǵѣѾˡ
ԭŷѹûע⵽һСòС˼ԵС£ȴץסˣȻһһǽһͨ͸ǽһ͸
ȻӦǾ仰ϵ
ŷ岻òûһԼ޿ܷЩ޿֪ԬӶƤ֮еǿų̰࣡
ԼʲôԬӵ̰ŷԼҲҲȥ
ֻҪ֪ǵзѣˣ
лʦָ㣡֪ôˣ
ŷһȭ˵
ǺǣͽлʲôлˣȻм£ôȥɣע㣬ӮܣͲùˡ
һЦĹŷļʾϽȥæ
ŷͷ֪ʱҲǽʱ򣬲ȴ϶Ůˣתͷ˵Ǿʦʦһ£ȥǣ
Ůɵͷ㰲ȥæɣǣ
ŷ㲻ٶ˵Ҳûȥأֱ˲뿪
ĸ˲ƣ˴͹Ļڡ
˵߽꣬âʧԭء
һ͹ŷ͸ӦԬӡϡĪκ˵Ϣ
Լһ֣ǵľҲ˹УԼӦһŨŨɱ
˵˾Īκˡ
ŷĿһûʲôҲûչ˲ƣֱ÷УǱ߷ȥ
ôһڳʱ˼Ҫǲ͸¶Լ˲ƵʵϾԬӵ˵ʵԼǲǾȫ˲ƣԼԼܹ˲ƶԶһ۾ܹó
̵طУǱԬӵҲûйԭصȴţҲ֪ǵǸʲô˼
ҪлɱԼ˼ôʱ϶ԭزɱˡ
ʹŷУô룬ҲѾɵˡ
ֱԵѾǬǿԴˣڽ棬ߣһ󲨱켶ǰ棬ǻ缶ǿˡ
ͷģȻĽ졢罣һ졢졢һڻ缶ǿߣǷ׷׶ٴеˣһи
Ҳǣ˵ˣǹŷ壬ʱѾȫ裬ٴС
ȻһƬȻû˿¶
ŷ嵽˶æ¶ȵ񣬶ǽ飬Ҳƺһи
ͺ񣬹ŷǾһ㣬ֻҪڣԵ޼ǿߣŷ嶼ܹƵá
ԵΣǻڹŷһһδ漣ġ
Щˣ˿ŷ󣬶¶һı顣
Ԭ˲صѹ£Ϊʵܵ÷ǳѡ
оһֱû˳
ŷһ֣ǾоתˣȻ֪ˣǹŷʩųԼƣǡ
֣ս֮С
ŷĿ⣬Ҳɨš
ˣҲĿڹŷϣ
Ԭӣŷĵȷȷ׼޼ǿ֮ϺȻ¶һ˿Цȿڵš
Ԭӱԭĳƺйŷģ뵽ŷΪҡҡͷŷֵܣƭϸƭúÿడ
ϵ̬˿κ
ŷ岻ʦ֪Ԭӵ뷨ĻֻᱻԬϺƵıȥ
֪֮󣬹ŷҲעһ£ȻͬʦԣԬӿԼֵĵһۣԭͫ׶ȻС࣬ΣŷܹԬ۵׵һ˿Īâ
ŷ岻òٴʦǺҲЦ
ûб¶ŷҲͷװǸı飬ʵڲ˼ҲǲΪͼ뷨ԲŲòΪġ
⣬Ҳôһ˵ֻû뵽ۣ޾ǿյУ⣬ֶһ׼޼ǿߣңǲ֪棡
ԬӹһˬʵЦԵǰ׺͡


1016 ׼ޣ
ŷԣһЦװʵǲ֪Ԭкιأҿɵþ֮ˣ
˵ţֽĿתһ俴ԼϺĪκζˣԬʵλҲ£ӦþĪκλ˰ɣ
Ԭ˵̹ȻͷûǵȷĪκΣΪǰһϴ̸ЩδָָһЩ飬ֿ֪ʱ䣿
ָָ㣿
ŷоɣϲɫرȭĶָܹλˣҲŸոսѣҪָ㣬ҲָҰ
ʱ䣬úܣ
ʱͺãʱͺðǡھģ
ԬѾЩȲˡ
ðȥΣ
ŷ嵭һЦ
ҿô鷳ˣͳɣ
״˵
ٿԬĪκˣҲ˼
ĪκεɱһֱûһģŹŷ壬ҪȴӹŷõҪĶĻͶˡ
ȻǶ˵ŷ嵱Ȼˡ
οҲôһ˵ѣǽ뵽ȥء
Ϊһǵʵԣ߽磬߽ˣûһܹġ
ŷ忴˿ԴĽ罣ˣֿ˿һȺ켶ߣЦôţǶȥϢɣλˡ
Ľԣûж˵ʲô˹ŷһСĵȻһ֣Ŵȫˡ
ǵȻŹŷ˵Ļ֪ŷô˵˼ǲڴս֮ǻ⵽ʧң˼Ҳ˵ᣬܷܿս
ҲԼЩˣȻΪǿУȴһ㲻һַӾˡ
뵽˶ĬſǸȻġηġˣΪǶסӣþԡ
ҲںԼԼΪС򣬾;Բֻ￴ŹŷһΣգԼȴΪ
ЩãֻĵĬĬΪŷ

ŷһϵжĪκ˲û˵ʲô
ŷҪģõܹ޼Ķġ
Щˣ벻޸ɡ
ˣЩ˶ˣҲܹĵ̸ˡҲ֪λкָأ
˶뿪֮󣬹ŷ忴ĪκμˣЦ
ָ㲻ҵҪһ¡
Īκεһ˵Ȼȴǳ˱ġ
ŷҲ⣬صŶʲôأλ˵˵ɣҿǷǳʲô飬Ȼܹλǰ
Ҳûʲô£֪һ£ʵ䣬Լȶѣ
ĪκҲټȥֱ˵ص
ԬӺ϶ҲĿž⣬Źŷ壬ȴĻش
ŷüëһʱЦŶѵλΪһȣȻԶܹ
û£ر֪
ϴ
ŷĬһȵȻɱʱ򣬺ȻЦͷаҲʲôˣֺη
ͽҩЧȥȻʵع˳
漴ĪκͣŷֽԼȸ¶˳һ£ǳſڽشԭء
ҲŷԣԼ䣬ȷʲôˡ
ĪκֻҪץһСһʣԼʲôܶñ¶ȥ
ȣֻҪ˫ԼȻ
ԣŷɴֱ¶ҪǵǼ˼
ˡʮ
ޱȵԬӣӦŷʵʶ૳һе췽ҹ̷Ļ
ĪκζˣҲһḻһʱţһʱʣһʱ̰
漴ٸӦŷȺ󣬸һɵˣеŨṴ̃ҲҲ˿Σֶ
һ֮ǲ𽥻񣬿ŷҲһ㡣
ʮ׼޼
ĸģ˼ʵİ
ǵãԼʮʱƺڿٽָͷɣ
˼أ
˼Ұʮ࣬Ѿ߹ԼЩ·̣
ȡ
ȣƷĻҲʮƷ
ʮƷֱӾ޼ˡ
Ҳ˵ŷȣȻԼ˶Ʒ
ʲô
Ҫ֪ȣľʵǿ̶ȡ
Ҳ˵ŷʵеκһ˶ǿ
ңǿˣһ㣡
ΪҪô룬ƷԲ缶ʮƷ׼޼ǲ֮ǲõơ
Ʒأ
еκһԹŷ壬ֻбŰķݣ
ðɡȻԸϣʵˣ
Ԭ˲ЦԬҲڰңҺûǰԼŰһŰˣ˭˵ȥ
֮ģĵĿϲˡ
üһȷûв´ŷ壬ͻ׼ƿĳǿߣ
񲻾˵Ǵ˵е޼ĵȷȷǴڵģ
ٿŷĿ⣬ͺƶ˺üǿһ㣬Ǳ飬
ǵı飬ŷЦ
ʱˣŷ廹޷µǵͼĻԼҲͲûˡ
ֻǣԼҪͻƵķĻԼȥأ
ţŷԺ֮кȻһ⣬ǣҲһ˿аЦݡ
ÿŷ¶ЦݵʱҪôǼɱ˵ʱҪôҪĳ˵ʱ
ɣŷο϶ʲôˡ
ǡǸְܲһ£ȣġʮƷ׼޼ΪͻƵʮƷģ
һ֮Ԭ̲סʵ
ҲŹŷ壬
ѾˣֻҪŷ嵨Ҳͬ⣬û˵ƴһУҪŪ
Ȼû뵽ǣŷһ仰ǳǾ㵵
ѽԬ֣ⲻûҵֵܿϴ̸ҶΪѾˣ㿴˵⻰ʲô˼
ŷװ
Ԭ㶵꣬Ȼɵɵ˵ʲʲôʲô˼ҡûʲô˼
㿴¹αػ˵ǡ̡أʵҪϴ̫ˣҪʣҾѾ㷽ˡ
ֲ֣һΪǲȤȻһͻƵ޼رģ
ŷ彫Ǿ䡮޼˵Ȼ۾ֱǷ˺⡣
Ǹû뵽ŷȻ˵ġȻЩ˼ĳ̶ȣ
Ԭӣǽһж
ȻҲôһݶѣֲɵӣȻΪŷһ仰ˡ
ֻ޼ʵ̫̫һ㣬ǴʱͲȥŷôǷģͼı
ôһϣǶԸȥȡ
״̬ͺ͵ŷƵתһһġ
ְȷϸ̫ˣû뵽־ȻãȻˣҲͲˣԬӵĺֵˣ
ԬӹһЦϳ˷ܵص
Īκζˣûж˵ʲôеĻȣȴһҲԬӵ١
ʱŷȴװֱǸ̬Ƕϱȭ֣ϴλɱŮ飬ֲҲһʱ̫嶯ˣȻǾԲһֵġ
˵꣬ϻӦֶĪκαȭĪκ֣ϴҲɱĶӣ⡭úܡҪͷңǾ;ɣһжԣ
ⷬ˵ǲں޲ѣģû˻ȥɹŷⷬĳϿֿ
ĪκζˣЩˣ಻ŰɣȻŷ嶼˵ˣҲǸһ̨£ڻɱԼӺŮ顭
ߣȵԼǸɱ
ǣĪκζҲװһɸֵģʵصҲ㣬ǵݣǲκƵģҪ֣ҲֻܹԼ۲ʶ̩ɽԣֵͲҪȥˣǣû㣡
ǸãǸðҾͷˣȻ˼λأ
ŷ尡һЦһ˵
ٺ٣Ȼ֮Ѿ⿪ǹֵܡǷԿʼ̵أ˵ʵ̫ãʵЩζ˰
ϺٺһЦҽ˶Թһߣæ˵
ܹŷ˵Ǽ٣ֻҪĽһͳɣ
̵ҵȻλ˽ôҾ˵˰ɣ
ŷ屧ȭһЦϹ֮ɫλ磬ѵͲãͣӵΪǡǱ̬һ𣿡
˵Լ̬ЩŤΪĿģŷˣ
ȷǣʮꡭԼʮʱƺŽͻƵԴѣ
Ԭӵ
ĪκҲͬص˵ͷȻŷ壬ȴ˵ȥ
ǺǣʵЩԭġ˵нݾģݾԺһ谭Ϊľ棬ֻҪԴ㹻ôͿ˲ͻƣ
ŷ׳ԼһնֻϹˡ
ŷҲţǣԻϹ
Ȼԣ¶˺⣬æͬʵ֣ʲôݾʲôԴʲô
ŷһЦûش𣬵ȵ¶佹֮ɫθ㹻֮󣬱㻺ݾǻɱˣȻȡǵľԼģ
ǵΪ֪ݾжôֲģҲ֪˵Դʲôˡ
˶ʱһ
β
˻ɱȻȡԷľ⡭⡭
ȻһĽݾ
ֻʲôϵ
ѵϣĸ֮ʮƷϵƾղɣ
ԣֽɻĿתŷ塣
ŷһЦûӣֱ˵λ֪ܲ£ҲͻƵ缶֮ŷֵġ
ŷ˶٣Ƶͻƻ缶֮ĳɱĳ缶ǿߣǰķڵеľյҵڡ
ȻȴͻȻ֣Щ棬ƺ̺ĳּǿһ۲죬Ȼ֣ԭǻ֮ңǾ˼Ļ֮
ֻǿϧǣЩ֮ٵÿ˵ֻϴСôһѡңַ֣ǻɱκһ缶ܻģָʲȷˣһаɣ
˵ŷֶһ٣ֱ񣬺Ȼ̾˿¶ϧ˵ӿϧǣɱˣȻնԷڵľķʽֻұ˿ѡ
УҽԷڵ֮ȫճֱתƵԷڣԷȷǿյǣ˺öΣȴû˭ܹлû֮ģ
֮ܶԶ֮ΨоҵתƳ棬Żܹ̺һ˿ȸߴʮƷĻ֮
ŷһ˵꣬ȻĿ൱еˣ˵
֮ն˳ȥǵϲϹǾԼˡ
ϹҲûʲôһսѣ
ɵɵ꣬ʮ֮ǲڴ𾪵л
󣬲ԼͬŤͷһ˫˫ͨ˫ۣͳŻ߽統еĽ졢罣һ졢˿ȥ



1017 ޷Ѫ
͸ź˫ۣŷжʱһﻹǵ뷨ϵı飬Ҳ𽥳
ֹЦݣλǱǱ߿ˣ֪ǵ˼Щҵ˺ֵܣǲܻɱǣȻڵճΪȥġ
ŷĻ˲ڻתͷһۣԴӶԷпһ˿
ɱˣѵȥɱǵȻգ
Ȼ⻰ǲ˵ģϾڻûӹŷõԼҪõĶֻǣŷʵڤ粻ˣǾ˵ˣ
ԣԬ󣬱һЦڵֵܰĸΪǿˣˣнΪϣϵαںأ
ңҲ뽫ȫɱֻһķǵûЧѣ
Уģһ˶֣
ʵʼһλԬӸûתģʱȻ뵽Ȼŷ岻ԸɱˣԼ˿϶ҲɱԼˣǺαزȥɱأ
Ҫ֪޾ǿյУǻźЩСġЩ˷գڵġ
ˣЩ棬б绹СģǿߣѬ֮ϻϣԶԶӵеʵ
֮ܶЩСߣӦ㹻ģҲԬӺǶα֤Ļ
Īκζ˶ǳϺ꼶ˣոҲֻǱ˷˶ѣһԬӵĻ̾뷨Զǵͷ϶رֵ֤ܣͷİɣǾԲ˶ֵģ
ǾŷҲ
ʹǺжǵ˼ȴһɸС
ѵҪԼȥɱЩ޹ˣ
£ҪԼ֣ȴԼģҲȫ˵Լǣ
ˡ˿϶ɱĪκ˵Ҳ϶ܶ˭ȥ
뵽ŷ岻¶һ˿գɵҲĬ
ôֵкι𣿡
ŷĬԬжȻһ˿âĪκһ˿ЦҲ䵭ʵ
ŷһȻֱˣ̹Ȼȷйǣ
Ŷʲôǣ˵
Īκ˵
ô˵أأһߣǾǣֻҪʮ֮ˡԼˡֵܲˣôһ㶼˼ǵ
Ϊһ޷λֽ˶ϵľ磬ҲˣҲһʻԣ˼޹Ҿ޷
ŷ廰˿֮⣬Ҳޱ̹ȻһΣŷ˵ﻰûݡ
ˣʵҲߣĪκ˶һ㶣ûȥɹŷ廰٣ǣΣԼȥĻ᣿
ôܣ
ǣ˵ּ֣ɣ
ŷ建ҡͷҶֻǶ֣ܹԴͷҡԣⲢûκ𣡡
һ£ԬǳðˣеɱҲǿŶ
ߣҲУҲУ㵽ҪΣѵҪ˺Ƥɣ
һΣԬ˵ġ
ȻѾŷðˡ
ĪκζҲˣģƺֻҪŷĻĻǾԻҲ붯֣ҲҪѹŷƵðǣ
ǺǣλĪ֮ǰ˵ʮ⡢߶ں˲ˣǲᶯ֡
ˣҵ˼ǣѵǹϽµˣû˴𣿶ҼλҲ˵ˣĸ˽ϡȻˣΪβܶǹϽµЩ˶أ
˵ҲΪ˺أ
ŷǺһЦ˵ԼѾõ뷨
˾һȻ˳Ƭ֮󣬻Īκ˵˵ģǵҲǲܽܡǣ˶Ƕ࣬ɱǵҪʧһϣ
һǽǵȥ
ʵҲԼԣǼ˵֮⣬֮ˣϡ
ǣǲ²ȥǸ֣ɱ֮󣬻ȥǵأ
ҲǲɱԼ˵ԭ
˻ŷһϲֻҪ⶯ˣôͺðˡ
һЦĪĪҲֻǵУӦռݻ缶ǿһϰɣ
ҵ˼ȻҪ£ôͱ鼰򣡵֮ˣȫɱɱɱ
֣񱩵ɱȻʩŶԬˣȴ˫һ


1018 ۶ã
԰ɱ缶ϵĴ֮ˣᵼʵɱ»ЩСҲ˽ĻǾͲᱻЩⷽˡ
ʵ˵ΪʵѹԲЩС
ˣҲܲԽȥԸЩ˰ɣЩ˿ɶϣ
ˣֻнЩСȫҲȥĴ֮ˣܹԭƽ⡣
ϵܣոҵĻǧҪȥҲһʱûתϣϵ㲻Ҫ⡣
ͨ˵㣬ոջͱ˵Ԭӣתһɫ溬Цص
ŷЦŰڰ֣˵ⲻ⣬ԬϸҲֻǹ¶ѡ
ǺǣȻ̶ôϵܣھߣҲҵȼʶʶϵƽʱĽ֮
Ȳ˵
ĪκԬҲû˼ĥߴȥǻȥһǷǲأ
û⣡
ŷȻԥشӦ
ʵ뿪磬ǹŷĿġ
Ϊ¾ǹŷ壬ûܹ֤Լֵܲ˺
ŷĻشԬ޶һۣȻͷϻһǰͳһֱʮ׵ĺڶ
ӴϤ漴˾ͽĿ⿴˹ŷ塣
ŷȻʲô˼΢΢һЦ̹Ȼȥ
ȵŷźڶʧ֮ԬҲ֮뵽˺ڶ棬Ȼʧ
ʧˣȴɴؿš
Ϊ¾Ľ졢罣˶벻׼޼ǿߣȻܹںڶ洩
ҿӣڶƺǵ˴͹ĻһĴͶ
һڿˮĽ졢罣һ졢塢˲һۣһ̣Լ׼޼֮ڵĲ࣡
ذɣҶذɡ
þ֮Ľ̾˿ЩįתŹŷʧˣ˵
ɵįʱԼЩϼһȴֻһʮҵˣ
Ļ£ǰƴӵǣ˿ȴһŲ벽׷׼ᶨؿŹŷʧķͬغҪ
ۿֺΣΪ˶֪ŷһȥ֪ȴڳ˶ᡢԼʱпɥΣգȡǵ棡
ĽؿһĻįҲȻᶨ
ԣҪ۶ã

ŷɺڶԼ˫ڵؿΧİһƬԹŷӴľӦĻȴһɹ֮󣬾ת
ֻŷҲ޷ڶʲôˣҪҲ֪Ҫȵɶʱȥˡ
λϸ磬ȥĶôоЩأ
ȻŷŤͷԬʵ
Ԭ΢΢һЦҲûشǺǣȥԶһСǾʹʼһһȥЩ֮ˡ
ŷͷûٶԣǼյؿΧİûκεƵãԵޱ̹Ȼ
ʮӺ
˰Ȼ뿪˺ڶûټкڶͣһλԬȴͷǱ߷ȥ
ŷҲ֮ϣĪκζһһڹŷԷţǷŷܡ
ŷҲ⣬ѹûܣʱĥôܸƵأ
ţǿ۷ĳǿ߸Ƴǰ㡭ƺˬ
ţŷ̧۾ÿңԶ֮һǺɵɢĻľɫ⻹ǹŷ״μ绹ҪС
ֻ˵ˣŷҿ϶ʹСһ࣬ǿߣȴҲһ
ԼʮӺ
һԵԬӱָתͷԹŷЦʵˣȴʼɡϵܣǴԼأ֣
ŷûж룬ֱҡͷǶְɡλϸ磬أȻ㲻ϺˣȴҲ޷Ӳĵز
ԣϣλϸܹ
Ԭԣʱһ
˵ʵһֱΪŷ֮ǰ˵ⷬΪ˲Լ˶˶ֲ˵ġȴʵû뵽˼
ŷ֣صı飬ֻҪԼ˼Ļ¹ŷ嶼ֱ뿪⣬ɾЩòʧˡ
ԣֻ΢һ£ԬӾ͵ͷ֤İɹϵܣ粻Ǵ֮ˣǾƲ



1019 Ƿ˺δ
˵ŷǳ׷
Ԭ˸ŷ˼֮Ҳûֱӳȥ˾ɱ뷨ֻȷ涼Щ֮˵
Ȼ鷳һ㣬Ҳ̫ѡûٶ˵ſȻһΪǿߡ
ߣŷȻҲĴڣΪϸӦȴʵʵİƷ߼Բ缶ǿߡ
أӦͷˡ
˴ڷλ֮󣬼˱ֱӳǱ߷˹ȥ
ڷȥ;Ԭ˸ǺصؽԼȫɢǺಢԶЩ˻缶ΪǿߣȫܹӦ˵ơ
ʣʱл缶ϵǿߣ޲ͻȻֵĿ𺳣Ƶлдɱһʱ䣬ȫĻ̻ΪǿߣΪλͻȻ٣ΪλɢŨŨɱ
ֻӦҲΨ׼޼ǿ߲еİɣ
׼޼һƣл缶ǿߵԺ˲ֳ˵֡
ԬӡĪκΡϣ
϶ûˣǣΪλ
˶ֲ̿²ǲԼ˭ŭʱһװȻл缶ǿ߶
л缶Ϊߣȫڼϣ˭Ҳݣϵˣؽ¾ȫң
ϵĴȻƽ˼ȴȫ缶ֹסشһ䡣
˭Ҳһʱ䣬缶ϵȫٶȳڼ˹Ʒ߼Բ缶ǿߡ
Ҳû⣬Ʒ߼Բ缶ǿȸȻԬӡϡĪκ٣һɱʱǿģ˵ǶҪɤˡ
һʱӶǺͿģͻȻٵͼǿŻֱ֣̿Ӽ˲ǰȻϹϾرȭʵ֪λ˵ʧԶӭˡ
һԵĹŷ壬Ǳʶغˡ
꣬Ӧĸɣ
ߵĻԬ˲ûκαʾͬʱŷ壬ԬЦʵϵܣʻ
ɡ
ŷֱӵ
˵̧꣬ۿһɵߣ㽫棬л缶ϵĴ֮һһ˵ɡ
ԻûлعԼոʲôԬӴˣƺƺΪϵܣ
ҿģƺƺûие⣬¶Ȼı顣
⡭ô£
߻񣬹ŷ岻üͷû˵ʲôǲǻҪظһ飿
ȻûʩųκƣΪ˹ŷ־磬̧֮䣬һضƺܹΪһ¸оʱ߾ͻȻѣ˿ɣʵ֪˵Ĵ֮ʲô׼
׼ĻֲɱɱŭԹְɣ
ԣæ˵ͷв٣λˣҪȵЩˣһһָ
ʱ׹ŷԼԬ񵽵Ǹʲô˼ҲȥףǸʲô˼أֻҪǻƨ£
ŷ˵ͷʱЩ缶ߣҲ̴ӸλҴҸ
һһӽʮ缶ȫ̿־ɵؾۼȴû˭˵²ŵʲô飬Ȼǵ⼸λ١
˶ˣָˡ
ŷ̧һɨʮ缶棬Ӧһ߶ϢһɷġˣҲ˵һǴ֮ˣа˳ɶǡ
ŷĻ߲Ҷʶԣæʮ缶濴һȷ
ҲȹŷԸһָЩˣ㡢㡢㡢㡭
һ˶ʮ˵֣㵽ˣȫУ
Ȼ̫Ԭӵ˵⣬ԤУЩˣ׶༪ˡ
㵽ˣĵЩ̻̲棬һۣȴҲһȺз˳ž岻񣬿ԬӼˡ
ȵЩ˷ɳŷ㿴Ԭˣλϸ磬룬ǿԶˡ
Ǿ䡮ֱ֡ǽⱻ㵽Ķʮĵȫ˲ʱɿ񱩵ɱҲ˲佫ǰУ
һ̣ҪǻԼҪʲôĻҲͲǻ缶ǿˡ
ʱȫʺ;ֵغ֪ǵ׷˺εȴΪɶûУҪǻɱ


1020 Ҳϣ
˺δ
ŷǶȻ¶һ˿ҲԬ˵ȻʵɱûУ
ŷʵģǸµġ
һӣֵģһĺ⣬Ϲļͺһɽϵĵ̡ʱʱһѪâ޲˵˾ԲһƲ硣
ŷͻȻðôһ仰Ӳ㶣ͷɲʵصɱѵɱ˲ǺλСֵܣҲһɱ˵İɣ
ŷСֵܣΪͲ֪ŷľΪǶ٣ʵҪڹŷǸԬģΪŷĸĻ񶼲ȥ
Ǻǣôһɱ޸֮ͨ˰ɣ
ŷϼһʵ
һȴƿԡ
޸ͨˣԼ֪ɱ˶٣Щͬϰһɶ
ҲžƾɾɱԼΪѹͲţԬ˻ûɱԣҪɱԼĻô׵ģɱ˵
ô⣬ѻشǺðɣ˵ϸһ㡣
㣬ûɱ޸֮ĸ棬ûΪûȴֱӵһ֧ͥ顢ֱģ
ŷʡ
£죬˵̲סһ䣺ҡɱûЩϣɱҲɱˣզҾͲûɱ
ŷǵļЦԽŨ⡭һûɱ㿴ΪϣΪǿǿһУΪɱɱ
ٴαҭ£ȻоЩԾոջȷô˼Ҳֻе˵ͷ
ŷ̲סЦ˼˲һ䣬ǿ񱩵˼˲䱬ԼЩ缶߷׷׺Ȼɫ֮ʣȻȵܺãȻΪǿǿһнΪϣôңʹȨ
˵ֱ֣꣬һâѸײڶ֮ƣӸûʱ䷴Ӧ֮ʣ˲ͷ룡
ԭݣҲһͣκα仯
Ψ۵ͫףʼɢ
һ֣ǳ׽ʵߣŵòʺʧˡ
⡭⡭ոӣǿģΪͷˣﵽƷ߼Բ缶
أһƽʱ߳ȥŵϺŵĳǿߣȴǰ£ԷûУ
һУһУͱ
ǡ꣬ǿ˺ֵزأ
һ̣˶֪һ㣬ǰ꣬ԲԬ˵ĸ࣬ǵλȵĳȻ
Ҳ˵һ׼޼
죡
˶ޱȣŷ壬ȴɱ֮󣬾ͽĿתԬˣصλϸ磬ѾȷЩ˶Ϊ֮ˣ鷳λϸ綯֡
˵һ䣬ŷֱԭرĿЩ˿Ըȥһˡ
ʱߣҲһҽȻʮңǱŰɱЩͨˣȴһ
һӣ߾Ѿû˰֡
ŷ建˫ۣЩûбߣ˿̶һסؿԬˣԼŷܶԬӷʩĳǿߣ˵˵ˣǲҡ
ģŷȴǺȻһЦǲú£ûʲô֮£Ҳġ
ס󵫷˭һһʱ佫ȫɱ
һ仰·дѪʬɽһɱ˶˿ɹŷ廰ʵԡ
ԥءԼͬء˶ͷǻٽͨϵ뷨Ҳ̼
˾˵ģɱͨˣȻ󡭡ŶӦĴ׼ޣ
Ժ˵ɱЩͨˣ½ЩͨˣԼЩ˶ߣʵƲȥֻ÷ֺˣ
ϵܣǷԿʼˣ
ʱһԵͲסˣȲʵ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷȻǰЩһۣˣûʲôˣǿˡ
һ䣬Щ˵ͳһȭȻæ뿪
˵ĺ󱳣һ쬵ġ
ߺ󣬹ŷתͷˣʵλϸ磬˭ԣ
ԣµû˭˭Ԭ΢΢һЦ͵ɡ
˵꣬ǰһȻЩšЩ˷ܡЩɡЩؿŹŷж
ŷûٶ˵ʲôһһ֣ͳһڡ


1021 ͨ޵Ŀׯ
ڣͱ֮ɳһԬжʱ
ǲûϾ˭Ҳûչڵ֮Ը㲻嵽Ӱ졣
һһʲô⣬Ҳ˵ɣ˵Ϊ½һЩĻǿɶǵòʧİ
ңҲţ֮ϣŷӦǲˣʲôģ
뷨Ԭ˶ֻǿţû˭ȥ
ʱŷҲýǰȻһڡ
ڻûһʱ䣬ٴγ֣ͳԬӷȥ
ԬӼˣʩųԼľסЩȥٿ̽û̺ʲôΣգ
˿ΪŷûΣˣΪŷСͷɾ衣ֻӸղŹŷǾϵػɱ֪ǰ꣬Բʲô֮ˡ
ûд淢κΣմڣһ쳣΢΢üʵϵܰΪҸоֻ̺ʮ֮һأ
Ŷ㵹˺ͼλϸ˵ˡ۶ԷΪߵͣյֻʮ֮һѡ
ܹȫںϵĻǿҵˣѾǻ缶ˡ
ŷһЦ͵
ͣҲûԬ˵ĻɡŷԣҪȫ˵ˣ˶Ǳˣ
ʱѾŷԬǰ
Ԭϸ磬ſ񣡡
ԬԼȫſʱ˲ͳԬڣڵһ˲䣬˫ۣʼȫӦ
ʮ֮һҪأԣŲ룬ԬӾѾȫϣ˫ۡ
ǣüͷȴ
ϵܣԵģȷûȷǿΪľǣȴûд淢κλ֮Ĵڰ
ԬӵĻһĪκζҲϧ̾˿ЩĿ⣬ת˹ŷ壬ȴĽ͡
ŷ鲻˿ңһЦ͵֮ǰ˵ּʲġҼǵϴյʱǰʮûУֱӽʮʱųˡ
ˣϣλϸܹĵȴİɣһеģ
ϣԣ
ԬҲƤЦⲻЦػһ䡣
漴ϵ԰ɡ
ԬĪκ˶û顣
ŷȻҲ˵ʲôͷͿʼһĿڵ
Ԭӵľ֮󣬸ŷѣϾͷſԼȫ
ɾŷ֮󣬻ӣһźϵϣȻ¶һϲ֮ɫ
ϲ֮ɫ˲ĵԬĪκζ˷ֿʼġ
ȵϲ˫۵ʱǼ͵ͬʵôּĻ֮𣿡
ǲûע⵽Լ˵ʱֹסЩ
ԣݺһͷЦ֮˷ܵصûոҵĵȷȷǴȡһ˿ʮƷĻ֮
ȴǼټ٣һѨ
ûϵûϵֻҪȷоˣһԳܲܽԼڵĻ֮ת־ȵģҲȸ㵽һ֮˵
ԬǼƺѾͨ޼Ŀׯ
ˣ
Īκεɳһξ룬ȻЩŵؿŹŷ塣
ŷҲԣ̧־Ϳʼյʬڵ
ȴЦֹ
ȇNɪһᣬֻҪԼյ㹻ô㵽ʱǷΣ
κҲã
ţһ־ҲŸոյĵؾȷɢע뻹סƷռЩͷԴڡ
һʱ䣬Դ޶ǴϲڹŷķԸ֮£Ϳʼ˷ںչ
Լʱ޷ˡ
ϾûԴȵƣʹ֮ڣŷҲ޷ͻƱ켶缶ľϰ
ԣҪ־ƣΨдԴ֣
ŷֻϣһͷԴҲȫﵽ缶ֻҪһﵽôԼҲҲˣ
ʱԼһٵǵΪΪӦеĴۣ
뷨һڹʬ֮󣬾ͿĪκγ˹ȥ
ĪκҲͬһʱſԼȫ׼ӭע롣


1022 ḷ̌
עĪκڵԬһû̺֮
ԣĪκȲϸӦ϶ʱ¶һ˿ꡣ
ϸոѾȡĪκҲżţֵԼġ
ֻԬˡ
һιŷ岢ûٸԶһЩĻ֮ע֮ڣû⣬ԬӸӦ⾫˼Ļ֮Ҳ¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
Ԭ֣ôǻȡˣ
ԬϵļͿϲĪκæʵ
ţ
ԬһͷһųջЦݣû֮ĵȷȷΪ
ȳſܲܽתģգ
˵꣬Ԭӱֱӱ˫ۣʼȫת
죬ˣ
Īκ浭ˣΪԬӺ϶ϵĿϲ뼤ʵ̼
ŷ˵ͷҲ˵һʬ֮ͳĪκζȥ
ŷƺҪŪĪκһ㣬һʮʬûһ̺֮ģĪκεҲԽԽڡ
Ҫǿŷֵ޹ԼѾ˵ּʼ͵ĻĪκͷʹŷǲǹˡ
룬Ҫ˵֮ûУɹŷصĻôڻΨԼƫΪһûκκôҲԼɡ
ˣ˼֮£ȻԸϣĪκλǲòϣԼƷʵЩˡ
ҧһһʬ壬Īκһ죬һҲˣ
˵꣬ͱ˫ۣſ
Īκαģŷǲһ˿Ц
Ҫ˵ƿأŷ˵ǵ¯ĵز
Ƕʲô˼άҪľĪκԼȥ϶Լû٣
һߣǲˡ򽫻Ūɳ׾Īκɵġ
ԣĪκڣӦ̺Ļ֮ʱһŵ¶˼Цݡ
ͿʼȫԼתĹһʱ䣬Ԭ˶״̬֮С
ŷǵؿűеˣҲûʱܣֱչ
˼Ƭ֮󣬾Щ׵һԼĿĻûɣǹ֪ǲȫתһҪ̽Լأ
ˣһʱ䣬ŷѾ˾ȫǣ
Ҳŷ²⣬ʵϺԬӶѾȷյôȫԽȫתҲȷǴ̽ŷ˼Ͳۣ뿴ŷ嵽׻᲻˻֡
ǸӦŷʵʵشԭأûжֵĴʱĵ׵˿ģҲɳɢȥ
ڣǲ˹ŷĻȻŹŷʵİǣ˹ŷ˵֮ȷûģ
ȷϹŷ岢ûΣ֮Ԭ϶Ҳ˫ۣ϶Щϧ֮ɫ˿һԻŬתеĪκΣûȥתͷŷʵϵܰյܹ֮ܲת
ŷԣԤϣ˵׼õӦ𣺡԰ôǲ𣿡
˵ţϻװһȵģ˿١
ԣ
ȻĪκ͵˫ۣһ˫Źŷ壬ƺҪӹŷ۵ףһʲô
λϸ磬Ҿ治֪ˣ
ŷЦһǰҽֻһƷĻ֮ȻڵȥתתƷˡ
˵ǻ᲻ţǵҵƷĻ֮ʱ򣬲ŸոͻƵԲ缶أ
ʱ䣬ڵһתɣ˲ͻƵ׼޼
һԵԬӡϡĪκĿɿڴ
֮ģֱĶо
ʲôĶ
ͻԲ缶ʱ䣬ֱһͻƵ׼޼
һǳ׼ޣ֮ߴʮƷ׼ޣ
֮еʱ򣬹ŷ˵λϸ磬޷ֱգֻܴתһµԸ⣬ŵڵ޷תɡ
ҽ飬λϸҪȵڵȫת֮˵أŶˣʱƺѾҪȥתˣΪѾȫˣ
ԶԶԣҾùϵ˵ûǱϾֱյģֻ˵ԭ֮ʱúܣȻˣǾٳԳ˵
ʵڲУͰչϵԣȵڵȫת֮󣬶תѾƷˣ
˵


1023 ⲻ磬ǵ
ϵ˼ҲԬĪκζ˵뷨
ԣǶ˵ͷûмȥ
ǺãȻˣôھȥһҰɣ
Ԭ˵
˶ͷ֮󣬱ûٶԣһһ֣һڶ˳
˶ûжֱӾͼʼ˴͡
εĴ;൱׼ȷΪһһֻһǺӵ
СˣǿߣϵҪյ˲١
ùŷǣ֮Ԭ˲ûȥǿΪ˸гǶŹŷЦϵܣߣͲȥָ֮ˣȫɱ˾ǡ
ŷһôԬϸ˼ǣĻ缶ϵǿߣִ֮ˣ
ϵܰССȴǳĴ֮ء
˵׵ģǬϵߣһǻʵۡǬµģһǴ󳼡Щͨˣһūͣ
ǿʳ˭Ϊǿ󣬾ͿɱūˣǿʲôĸʤֻҪЩݵŮӣһûбǿ
ÿȴк֪ܶ࣬ΪʲôΪļԺ
ЩŮȫǱЩ߸ǿȵģͬ⣿ҪôٱҪôֱӻɱҪôֱȫң
ԡϵܣãˣ費Ҫȥ֤ǵǲǴ֮أ
ŷˡ
δôһطȻа
ңһ磡
ܳ˵Ƕ˵ãͨ˵ĵΪɣ
ŷǿѹͷȼնĻ棬Ȼһ
λϸ磬ϵһ󣡡
ŷؿԬˣص
Ŷʲô飿ϵֱ˵ˣ֮䣬ʲôġ
ԬЦ
Ǿ鷳λϸصոǹǸСʱٹ𣿡
صոǸ򣿡
˶һ㶣ŷɢɱ뷨ˡ
룬ԬʹӦãСʱٹ
ĪκҲ˵ͷͬ
ǲ¹ŷܣΪȻѾ֪ڣ֪ŷôںЩֵܣֻҪŷ岻ɵģ;Բⷽŭǣ׼Ҫɱ˭ס
ڹŷΪλԼ뿪ҲΪŷ岻뽫Լʵ¶
Դˣǲûжʲô˭еƣοǿߡ
˾úڶ뿪
ߺ󣬹ŷ忴ѾһƬ䡣
Ϊ֪Ԭ˸ͲƭԼûκκôǵݣҲмô
Խֻһ
ǿߣȫ
ϳˣס죬һ
Źŷһȣֻһ˲䣬󣬱˺ͷССԴޣ
ϸϸһ֮
ͷԴޣûһͷڱ켶ģ
𣡣
شŷģص˻ͷԴޣ㻯һյƣΪٶȣƬڰɱȥ
ΪԴ޵ʣҪǿ࣬ˣЩͷ켶ΪԴޣѹȥʩʲôģֱƾǿͿԵֵס޾ǿյѹˡ
ˣҪȫɱ𣿡
Ȼһڹŷ𣬹ŷתͷȥʮӴ
񣬺ȻѾƷмԲ缶ˣΪνˡ
˸ղŵע֮󣬹ŷţһ£ǣҲԴﵽƷߵԲ缶
£ǣȥ׼ˣ
ֻ֮ܶҪ£Լ㽫Ψͷ׼޼Դ
ʱԬˣƨ
⣬ҲǹŷĿĺʹ㡣
ǵģߣ۱ǱԴ
ŷȻ
룬˵һ䣺ǿɣԴ޵ĸ֪ӦҪ໹Ҫǿϲ١ԣǸӦĳЩϲ߱ɷĻͷŹǰɡ
ǣ
ͬʱӦһ˫˫һըװĻХֱ֮Ӿʧԭء
ŷҲ¶ЩЦݡ
˲ƣֻſ˿ǻ۵Դޣͬԣ
ٶ룬ŷҲһԴȥ
ϾСҲһƷ߼Ļ缶ǿߵġ
⻹кüƷƷģЩˣҪŷԶ֡


1024 ££
֣ǸˬţӦòһζ
ڴȻڵϣһ߳ŸͣһߺٺЦš
˵һӣձһࡣ
һҲ࣬Ժ󣬺ٺһЦЦ㻹˵ǳȷˬúţǾնС񣬹ˣ
˵꣬صص˵ʮСƺﻹһʮСͯ㲻ϲ𡭡ôֵܴ㲻ɣ
Ȼ֮ǰ˵һ˻һ˫۾òˣæͷģ´ֵٷʮµСһһʱͬʱֵ㣡
˵ţȲվֵҿɾˣдĻͽˣ
ȥȥɣס°׽ĳƼҴģ
ãֵȥҲ
ˣ׼ȥ°׽ƼҴ塣
ʱȻһɿ񱩵˼ɱ˲佫УһԵıͻȻ˶𣺡鷳ˣȥ
µһ̣ǰǳͻأľͳһ޳Ӱһͷڷһۣ޷ԶԷ衣
͸¶ſ͸㣬˫嫵ǿհɲ⣬ʱ˫˫Уȴɢħһɱ
ո˵̸ŷһֲ˶С
˵ʵŷ屾ΪպºֵܣѾΪ̬һˣ˿̲ŷ֣Լ̫ˣ
һ̣ŷҲκһ㸺УˣҪǲ¾ɾһָ
㡭˭㡭С𣿷šģĲ࣬С࣡
ͻȻֵħƵĹŷ壬鲻ԽʿˮȻŽͰ͵˵
ŷ޲ϻɱǣԼֱ֣һ֣Ī̬УֱӾԭʧ
һ̣֪˹ŷһֵĺ塣

ڹŷʧһ̣ȻҰ޵˻ͷ켶ϵԴͬʱ˻Ǻεȵƣ
ΪǬߣȴͷȥһ۵ʱ䶼ûУ㱻ͷԴ޵˻ֱöĤ飬˻̺ӴֱӴǵ壬ʹУޱȾֵķ֣Լ壬Ȼһһ飡
ǣȴʲôӣǵȻǻϰٿ⣬Ĳˡ
ȻһѪֱӽУ˼£͸ȥ
û⣬ʮСʱ֮Ǿͽһѷ㣬Ӵʧ
໰
һХ֮Ѫɫ˵ĽͷԴͬʱǰĳǳسȥ

ŷ񣬽ֻǽǼƷϵԲ缶ߡ
ԹŷΪӦʱ䶼ûУѾòˡ
Ȼŷ϶׵ȥɱǵʱÿ񱩵ڣһһ㽫ȫ飬Ǿޱȵʹ֮󣬲Žɱġ
ǱЩ
ŷ彫Щ˻ɱ֮ʱ磬˷ɱ¾С
洦һʹĲҽУ洦ɼһ̲̲ѪҺȴûһطʬ壬ΪЩʬ壬ȫЩԴ޸θ棡
ȻҲǹŷ岻ԸҪЩ֮֮ЩȻ࣬ڹŷ֮ҪеɱԣȴԵ΢һ㡣
ֻҪʮ缶Ϊʬ壬Եֵл缶ߵ֮֮ܺˡ
Щ缶ϵģǱŷռġЩʬ壬ӦԬ˵ġ
Сʱ
бߣȫ¾һա
Щͨˣɴڴ͵Уˮ֪ʱȴǱ鲼ǵա
һͷͷƽʱ˵Դޣʱȴǳຣľһʱ䣬Ѿò֪˵ʲôˡ
ΨĬĬعڵأһһΣؿͷ
ˮ˲ʪнء
Ʋ֮ϵĹŷ壬ĬؿһĻջһӰһ̾Ϣ
ϵжٲң˭塣
Լˣ
ǵƺôһ仰ζ
ȻˣôԼβֱӽ޾ǿնͳһˣǸʱԼͳ֮£˭
ԼΡ
뵽ŷٴαŷޱȼᶨĹâһΣֻΪԼˡֵܡ
һΣҽΪܲͨ˶ȥܶȥԡѪ
££


1025 ʮƷʦҩ
⡭⡭
ϿգĵӰš
ԬӡϡĪκˣһΣǳ׵ˡ
СʱСʱ
ԭߵ磬Сʱ֮󣬾ȻһߵϢоˣ
£ʬ壬ûпߡ
ҪǿŵѪỳЩǲǶŷˣ
Ѫȴ˵ţЩˣȫǰ¾һգ
ǡǸϵܰЩˣ桭һɱģ
Ԭ˿ڿˮɵɵؿŹŷ壬ʵ
ŷޱصͷ
ʱԬ˾Ͳһۣжʱŭүģ˭ĸĽٸ˵ǿ֣Ǿͺ˭
ħǰ˭ȥԼΪ֣
ʣ¼䣬˭ɱһߵģ
ǿһ磬һ߰
ٿŷҲĪһɵ֮ɫԭǻΪŷᣬľûЩ˵ļӲϡ
һ̣ҲˣҲһ̣ڿʼĵ׵ŷ
λϸ磬ھͿʼɡ˭
ŷ嵭ʵ
ɡ
ǰһ
ŷĬĬͷһ֣ʮ߻缶ϵʬͳ˼ǰ
Щʬ壬ͨ缶Բ缶ĶУȫǳ壬ȻڹŷɱǵʱǻҵС
˵ʬ壬ʵȴһƴģһĻԬĿٴһ
û˭ȥ˵ʲôٿŷУƺٷĳЩ仯
ŷ岢ûȥǵĿ⣬鵭Ȼشһʬ嵱ȡ֮֮֮󣬾ͲٿսԼڣͳϷȥ
ҲſԼԼڡ
ӣϱ¶ϲɫȻһΣִлһ˿֮
ȴûйೢԣֻԿܲתӦ޷ת֮󣬱˫ۣŵԬĪκζεҡҡͷ
ԬĪκζҲ׼ҲûйĿϧǵʾŷ

ιŷ΢չһĪκΣʮʬ嵱УϳǾʬ֮⣬ļ߶ûл֮
ԬӸһζûУĪκΣǻĴΡ
Īκθ˻ˣҲβס¶һ˿ЦŷҲûǰôˡ
ˣȥ¼Ұɣ
Ԭæ˵
Īκζǵ˵ͷʱŷȴҡͷλϸ磬ÿȡֻʮΣʮ֮󣬿ɾЩܲˡ
ÿֻʮΣ
ŷĻ˶ʱüͷŷüһ˿ƣ֮Ҳûлʲôͷ͵Уеʱ䣬ǾϢһɣ
Ҳò˵ŷݼﵽȲϵĵز
ƣ
Թŷľǿȣ¾ʮβŻеƣʮΣһʵʵʮƷʦҩʦԣƨŶ
ŷô˵⣬ȻҪʱˡ
ЩԴҪ㹻ʱܹ㹻ĸ߶ȣȵʱĶνˡ
ţŷҲֱ֮ϥģƺȫָž
ʵϣŷȴڿƷռ֮ȵעÿһͷԴڣһ֮˫ۣװɵصλϸ硭
ϵܣк£
ͬʱ˫ۣɻسŷ忴
ָƺô죬ҵķռȥָ֪λϸ˼ǡ
Ŷû⣡ϵܣһ֮󣬻ϣܹ׼ʱŶȻϸǻܼģһ֮£˵ͻƿķռ䣬ˡ
Ԭƾ桢Цص
ŷЦŵλϸͷİɣһ֮һ׼ʱ֣
˵꣬һȻ뵽Ʒռ档
һ룬ŷϥȻƷҩ˹ŷǰ
Ҫ˵ŷھƷռ棬޷ʹƷҩҩġ
ȴͬˣǰãƷҩͻƳΪĻ֮󣬾ӵ칦ܣڻʲôĹܣŷʱûȥ
ڣŷ׼Ǵ˵дδƹʮƷʦҩ
վ֮£ŷ嵱ȻҪ׼׳Դһ׼ʮƷҩʵҩҲһ׼
ΨԼøʤĻᡣ
ţŷ̧һУֲеһЩʮƷҩı㳯߷
ҩ׼ãҩ׼ãˡ
Ƶģһּʵҩ
ҩδƹҩȻУֻһָΨгԹȷҩﵽǲƳ
뵽Լ״̬֮󣬹ŷ㿪ʼ޾ǿ¯ʮƷʦҩƣ


1026 ¯ʮƷʦҩɹ
ɫĻڹصƷҩȼţֻ棬ǻ֮еıʾ
Ȼŷоһ͵ֶ̧һʮƷҩĽУֻۡһڻ֮ȼ֮£ʮƷҩľȻգۼƣ
һùŷ嶼ЩֲûзӦʱ䣬ͼɫȼ֮£ʮƷҩľȻ˲䱻ճޣ
ŷȻЦʮƷҩ治ܰǰķ
ٶȣ¾ͲƷҩܱġ
ҺԼѾ׼޼ٶȡӦٶȷ棬ﵽ˱׼Ҳʲôɥ
̬ȡ˽ѵ֮󣬹ŷٴνղͬһʮƷҩĶУ󣬼ʱ䣬һҩֱ룡
ǣڶҩƺȼյʱҪһ㣬ŷضҩĺ󡭡
ֱˡ
ŷһĻоЩЦã¯ʧܣԼͻƷҩʦ󣬿Ǵδ鰡
ƺм¯ᱨϡ
Ȼļ¯ҪôٶȿˣҪôٶˣʱ̣ΪٶȿƵòλӶʧܡ
ʮ¯֮ǳɹƳһ¯
һ¯Ƴ֮󣬱㲻һʧܡ
ҩɲҩƳһѾ˵һС
ȻûƹĵȷȷǿԵġ
ǣŷ㿪ʼ˷ơ
Сʱ
ŷɹƳǧżʵҩҩٴڸЧҩЧ˰ٷ֮٣
Ҳһ
˾ЧŷţκξƷԲ缶µ߶ǿԷõģ׼޼ȴûжЧ
⣬Ѿ㹻
ΪŷѹͲǸԼƵģΪЩԴ׼ģ
Щҩ֮ЩԴ޵ʵٴαһ
ˣʱŷȴòֹͣҩ
ǹŷ徫޷ȥˣЩҩĲˣ
ΣŷֻȻּ䣬ǳǧ֮ɳЩֻиڵʮƷҩȫУ󣬾ͼЩҩۿɼٶȣ񳤴š
·ѿ󡢽졢죡
̣ʮӣԭһɨյҩģٴλǿ
һЦŷ嵱ٴϥʼơ

һʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ŷ壬ܹҲֻ˲ǧŶѡʮŵĿ꣬кܳһξ롣
ΪҪô࣬ȴΪÿͷԴٷֵϵҩܹ߱ս
򲻵һҩЧûˣȡ̫Ч
л˵һʱ䵽֮󣬹ŷһ档
ǺǣϵܹȻǳ֮˰
ŷһԬӵڶ
ŷһЦȴûн⣬ǵλϸ磬²˳٣ھ߰ɣ
߷
ԬҲѾȵЩͷˣŷĻֱӵһһڶڼǰֳ
룬ĳȥ
δ͵ĵطҪԶһЩ˴ԼһСʱ֮󣬲ڵһӵĸǺӵ
ˣǸϷɣȰĻ缶ȫȻָЩ֮ˣ
Ԭӵ
˷׷׵ͷͬʱԼɢ˲ͽƬ򶼸С
Ȼһ˵һǺӣʹ׼޵Ǻǿ󣬵һ˵ƣǲԽĸǺȫǵġ
׼޼ǿߵƣǺεȵĺˣʮӣ缶ϵߣȫŵشӸ˳Ȼϻ̳Ͽֵؿǰ
ĿǷڹŷϵģȻǶڹŷͻȻðĳǿߣеʮֵĺ档
棬˵ȴûһǵӦϵɱ֮󣬸ŷȥĵһЩͬ뷨
ָĴ֮ˡ
ֱ˵ضǸƷ
߲˿ָʮ˺ˣͱŷ弸˸ߡ
ԬӡϡĪκͬʱ֣ʮȫɱ
ɱϣŷͿʼչ
ʱ仺ţ˶ٵػӦȷϻ޷ת֮󣬱㿪ʼϢ
Ȼ˲Żᵽÿֻʮ˵⼸Ҳ¡
ǣŷٴνƷռ䵱ҩԬεȴ
Ʒռ䣬̿ʼҩƣͬʱҲһֱעԴ޵ʵǣһͷԴ޵ˣŷͻעµȥ
ˣÿ춼Ḷ́һ졭һ졭һ졭
ֱһ֮


1027 ƭְ¶
죬ŷոһʮƷҩƣȻƷռ䵱г
Щ죬ŷһʮżʵҩʮӹٶȺƶٶȵҩԼʮҩ
һҩɣԹŷ黹ġ
ȴ룬ոմƷռһŨŨɱԼ
ŷһͽ䱸ɫʮԬˣʣλϸ磬֪·ôĻ
ߣ֪£ϵܰϵܣ治֪أǼٲ֪أ
ԬЦ
ĪκҲһؿŹŷ壬ﻹʲôûб֤ʵֻ֪ЩʲôǴΪŭûм̶ְɡ
һжҪˣ˵ıʱ򣬹ŷ֪飬ǰ¶ˡ
Ҳ԰ԼǸ֮Ƶ÷ǳã಻٣ҪңڵŻȫ־ȵĻ֮
һ£ŸոհѳĴ֮ɾյҲŲֻ֮һѣʲôǷأ
ŷü˼ŷģԬЦҵĹϵܰǲرôһֱڰǵˣģ
˵ˣֵʱԿԸо˷׷׶ҧгݣ񣬺޲Ҫŷ̻ˡ
Ҳˣ׼޼ǿߣϷˣ
Ϸˣˣһˣһ£Ҫͻ룬Ӷ˹ŷıĻ֮󻹻һֱڹﵱˣ
̣Բ̣
ӣŷĵû˽Ʊ磬˵ǼƵ뷨
ԬǿߣһѾǼĲˣڶΡ
޿ܣ
뵽ŷɴ಻װʲôˣֱӵЦŶҲ֪λϸ磬ôֵأ
ڳˣУȻ֪ôұ㣡ҵҲף
Īκνӿ˵Ȼ˵һµգȴʼ޷ת˵ʵ֮ǰûлʲôֻ뾡콫ȫת֮ȷ׿ɲС
һ;ڵȫתƵһϣÿڶ֮һ˵һ𣬾ÿԽһ˵ȫ
ǣԬֺֽڵȫתƵڣڵҲȫ־ȵĻ֮֮ҷ֣ȴ޷
Ҳ˵յ־ȵĻ֮һģҪ䣬޷֮գֻǸƨ䣡
Խ˵Խ˶٣ǿѹеŭ棬ĪκμҾʵڸ㲻ˣΪͽֻһֱܹתأ
ǣȫˣȴûκηӦأ
ҿ˿Ϊרž㣬ֻ㣬ܹӵ
Īκһǳ׽ŷĻԽơ
˵ʵʵֻҪĻҲ벻һжֻǹŷһƭ֣֮ǰѾˡ
Ҫǹŷնʵ̫̫һ㣬ֱӵǶȥ˼ǲһƭ֡Ҳһֱл룬һһŷ˵أ
ԼǴͻ׼ޣ޼֮·
Ҳֱſ϶ⳡƭ֡
˵Ǿƭ֣ǺΪġʣ˭ܹסһƾŮϹһ£
Īκεһŷ¶Ц
Цôôоζ
Σһ£ɲֻЩԴǿˣԼɴδֹͣǿĲ
޾İ֮£ԼʵȽһǰҪǿҡ
ɱСɣ¾һɣȡþԵʤ
ȻʹǿɣŷҲûаܹǴƽɫټͷԴ޵ĻҲ˵ʤɣӮԼԲô׵飡
ŶҪأ
ŷЦʵ
Ҫ
˵ʹ˵ɱɱּ߸ͲκγɺͷϻȷԼĵȷȷǱˣһ֮³ɺһ㣬ǰģȻĪκˡ
ȻȫߴʮƷĻ֮⣬ڲûγϣǵ޷սʵ
ˣڷ֮ǰԼڵȫʩ˳ȥԼʮƷ֮
⣬ҲΪǻһֱȴŷ֮Ŷֵԭˡ
򣬹ŷͱŭеǸץˣ


1028 սĪκΣ

Źŷһȣ˲ͱһͷͷ;޴Դվ
𣡣
һص˻ƺҪΧǳ飬һµķչͷԴޣѾֻǧͷûͻƵ缶ˡ
ģһͨ缶ǧͷԲ缶
ΪǿģͷȻѾƷԲ缶⣬⻹кüͷƷƷмԲ缶
ԣ֮Ļ缶ԴͻȻ֣¾Ԭˣɵ˵
ǷɵģȻô缶
ΪʹٶһҲ̫𾪡
ǣͷ缶Դޣ
⡭⡭
˵ǻ缶ˣǱԴԴޣҲδ
ԬɵɵؿţʼԼʱǲˡ
ǰһĻȫǵⷶΧܹܵķΧ
ǣǻδԼȻһᱻһȺԴ޸Χϣ
ʲô£
룬ӦΧԴǿ񱩵ɱ˿иرԱ߻վһ֮ȸߴʮƷĹŷ壡
ŷһˣ¾൱еˡټôһȺηԴ޵Ļ
Ҫɱŷ壬治ʲô׵¶
ɱ
ǲǷϻˣŷҲǡ
ʱ򣬹ŷһ£ֱԴ޿
ЩԴޣԹŷνƴӵģȥǶԥȥִС
ˣŷ´֮ѹȥ˫ʵ٣ǿ˲ŷޱȺ˵ƣһͷͷҰţһ㣬Ԭ˳ɱȥ
ŷ嵱ȻҲţ´֮Ҳһʱһ˲ƣ硤ʽʩŶĪκɱȥ
Ԭˣû˭ǿ˭֣֮ŷѡĪκζ֣ҲΪŷߵľҲԼɱɱ˭
ֻҪѸײڶ֮ȽĪκθ㶨˵Ļô죬Լ䣬ܹһ򾡣
ڹŷ幥֮ʣĪκΣǷӦ˹
ӦŷǱԼҪǿüɵĹʱɫȻһ䣬֪ԼҪǱ⹥Ҳ˵ľ档
ּĶսκһƶᱻ
ԣ¾ˣҲټΣա
κԥĪκֱһ˲ƾ㿪ŷԸ
ͬһ˲Ƹϣֹ˲ƵգʩŶΪ׼ؾͽ˲ƵеĪκθ·
ŷս鲻ḻӴ˼ľȴܺõĶ㡣
ڿֲľ֮£Īκε˲ƸΣʮ׵ؾͱŷסˡ
ԼȻŷǹһת䳯ԼɱĪκݱôδе
֪죬Լ˱ǿĵˣ
ʱһߣЩԴҲڳ嵽Ԭ϶ǰ
񣬸ԸһˣǸͷԴ޵ļ幥ʱ˵ĻҲǡ
ȻʱһõĻǿɾΣˡ
һУҪŷ壬ŷܹڶʱڽĪκΣһ鶼Ļ
Ȼŷ廹ǰЩ˵
ȻĪκε˲ƱŷɹҹҲĪκҲǳصġ
һŭȣͬʱһŹŷûʩչ˲ƣһͳԱȥ
Ȼ˲ƲЧôֻӲƴˣֻ˭ķǿֻ˭Ĺǿ
ʣĪκˡ
ʵΣսûô໨ڵĵط
ƴľ˭Ĺǿƴľ˭ķӼͣƴľ˭Ļָӿ٣
ȻӲƴҲɵɵ㿳һһһʲôĻǱģⷽ棬ֻп˭ķӦٶȺӸ
ֻĪκȴǵ͹˹ŷս
硤ʽ
ٴһŭʽһʩŶϿʼһĵֳ·Īκ׷ȥ
⻹㣬ŹŷŭһʽʩŵĸâէȻ֣׷ױŷӴľƣޱȾķλĪκɱȥ
һĻ˲ĪκΡԬӡ˴ˡ
ǿǿǿһǿ׷ˣѾǼˡ
ɹŷأʮͬʱ׷Ͳ˵ˣ̬ƺûʲôѹ
⡭Ǻεǿľ
˶ɵۣһĻĪκǺܿͻܣ
һܣԼǶҪꣿ
УԲȥһҪ취Ƚŷ̬Ʒ˵
ȻԬ϶¶ҪĪκεʱһΣյĸоȴȻ


1029 Īκˣ
Ƿ֣ΣյĸоطΧЩͷԴޣ
֪ȺԴڣҪɱŷ壬϶ʲô׵顣
Ҳֻֻ߱Լ˻ɱŷѣΣգӺ˵
ΣյĸоȴʵʵڵĴţҲ˿Ϊ׼ǿ߶Ԥе׼ȷԣ
æĪκջ˼עЩԴϣȴȻоЩԴޣƺ֮ǰЩطòһˡ
ڵﲻһˣһʱҲ˵ֱЩԴ޵ĹȫԼ˵ʱ򣬲͵ؾ
Ҳ٣ЩԴ޵ʵôо֮ǰ˺ü
ԭǱҩ;߱Ч
ڹŷҩ֮£ҩЧٴһԭĻϣһ
Ҳ˵ҩﵽ˿ֲЧ
Ƕôֲ
򵥵˵ɣЩ켶Դޣ֮ȫȫﵽͨ缶ʵ
Щͨ缶ģǿﵽһƷԲ缶ʵ
ЩԲ缶ģӦضƷʵ
˵ڷҩ֮󣬴ʱʵȻѾﵽ˿ֲİƷ
ȻͷƷԲ缶ԴޣƽʱԬ϶˻־ˡ
ǼܲסЩԴʵ̫̫˰
ͷ缶ϵԴޣʲô
ǣԴ޵Ƚ࣬ϵƣ
Ǳ˵ȥԮĪκΣӶһٽŷɱˡڣǸҪĵķԼİΣ
Ԭӡ϶ˣɵˡ
ô
мŵźţʱǲòЩԺȫעעҲǰδе
Ȼǿ˲ƣ⹥ĸʵ̫Ӵһ㡣˵ʹ˲ƶ㿪ˣЩԴ޵ĿĲҲһﵽˣ
ǵĿģΪסԼˣùŷٻɱĪκΣ
Σֻһѡ񡪡
Ӳƴ
ӲЩȻͬʱʩŹȥЩԴޣ
뵽һȣǵıͬʱ֣ʩųһֽСҲͳԼ˲£
ʩųĹһǵâһǽâ
ǵâǽâŴ̳ȥġ
ǣȴҪ乥СΪǵâǽâĳȶﵽ˺˵ǧףﵽ˺˵İʮף
Ӵâȥ𶯷Χ򽫻ﵽԲǧףҲ˵ܹЩԴȫаɣҲܸһ롣
һУֻܿЩԴܲܳסĹˣԬˣܹǵĹġ
صŷĪκߡ
˵ʵĪκѾûһ档
ʼʱ򣬼֪ŷʵԼƷҲǲġ
Ȼڿ֪֮˫״޴Ĳࡣ
˵ǱǶ̧ȫڱŷŰ
ʮâ鲼λ˲ֲãֻܾȫֵˡ
ǣһâֵ̫⡣ߵ˵أ
ʱ򣬿¾ĪκΣ˰ɣ
һˣܺãǾͱʾѾˡ
룬ȴû˿İ취
ֻһ۷Ÿâ׷֪ʱ򣬼ʹԼһֱԼ켣Ĺŷ壬ɻѸâǰԼһ˸㹥Լ
ţĪκβеЩʱԼҲ˿Ű
ٿŷ塣
˿ȫעעĪκ˸һĻĻÿһ˸ĵص㡢켣μģԬǱߵʱûйᡣ
Ȼŷоһ͵һȣּ䣬ʮâͻȻһȥ
һֻ̣һƺߣü𶯣ͼĪκȻǻãͷɢòǱطӴš
󣬻׷ߵâȻâղѾɹ
ĪκεǣǿʼѪȻâܶˣ˶ûɣˣҲܹŷץסȻ𽥽ƷŴ
ŷţֻҪȥҲҪ϶ãʮԣԼܹɹնڸ£
Ȼŷȴûֹۣ׼׾ܸɵĻǾͺÿ
ŷѹûܹɱеĳˣ
Ϊ̫ʵһ㡣
ȻɱɱˣŷҲûмƻĿĵģһУֻûǸԼɹĻˣ


1030 дС
ĪκεˣȻ̫صˣȴԬӡ϶ΣС
ǱߵľΪڷǵû˻ɱŷģʼԼˣ᲻ŷһɱ
Ҫߣһӡ⵹ӲˣϾŷڹעĪκһˣЩԴȻ࣬ҪסǣȴҲǲܵġ
ǣҪĪκߵĻôһŷ彫ĪκλɱôƾûκĴӮŷ塣
ǸʱҲ
ԣֻһǲвηŷʵ
ţҲһЩԴ޵Ĺһ߳Īκνӽ
ʩŵĹȴϾ˼ˣΨһ񣬾ǴӹŷｫĪκξȳ
´Ҷ˽ӽͬʱŷʩǿһߣûУ
ԬһĪκνӽһ֣ش
ã
ĪκεӦ
˵ʵھոյ֮ܵ뷨һԬӵĻﻹа飿
˰̶ãȻʵеǳǳֻ֮ȱš
Լ˻صټǸʱ򣬲ǹŷ壬ˣ
ٿŷ塣
ʵϣŷһֱעһ˿һ΢̬
촽΢۹˸ʱѾ²³ǵ뷨
ǲ΢΢µľǲһ
ʵһʼʱǵȷһ
ǣǸʱȴû⣬ĪκҲûˡ
ȫʢ״̬֮µǣŷûκΰܹʵǸƻ
ԣŻԴ޽ʱ뿪ȻԼרĶԸһʹˣ˶⣬ս
˵˺ƤʱһоѾڹŷ־ȷ㵱С
ãһжڰԤ鷢չţûгƿطΧ
ȻһŷдģǾǶ˫ʵ֪
ΪԼƷô˵Ҳܹʱڻɱһ˰ɣ
ðƷԲ缶׼˵ƷİƷԲ缶׼£ȫһֻϣĻᶼûС
ʵϣ֮󣬹ŷŷ֣ԭ׼֮Ʒ֮ʵʵٵÿȫԲ缶֮ô޴
Ⲣû̫Ӱ죬ֻ֮Ҫȵսһӵ¾ۼһ֮Լ㽫ⳡսʤߣ㣬ӹɵģ
а꼱תŷȴûκ¶ЩԴޣҲĴ£عԬ϶ˣʹǷ
ԽǷͶԼƻԽŷĵٴζȺԴ޷һ
ϧһдɧţ
ЩԴ޼Ϊִŷ壬ͬʱҲٴνĵâ룬̶׷ɱǱĪκΡ
һʱ䣬ԬЩƣˣûж˼ȥŷ᲻ʲôı
ȻǱŷһ£
ȫȫ걬
Թ
˵ɧźƵŷ׷ɱҲĪκҧгݣԼӺ󣬵Īκٴâʹ֮ϼ֮ˣǾۼһ
һۼͬʱһȣֻ˵գ۱໥ںһ𣬹ͬй
ͬһʱ䣬ȫκһԥûУһתٶȳ޾ǿĳλӴܶȥ
ǲûȥӴܵķȥ룬ӵķȫǱŷģ
Ǹλûκڡ
ŷСӣ֮ձضᱨʱһΪֶʹڣ
֮ʣĪκλһݻ
ȻŷȴضûǵĶȴ
Ȼֻ̧͵سǰպݺ£Ȼͼһֱʮ׵ĺڶէȻ֡
ǣȻ׼úڶܣ
ҲǹŷҪģ
ںڶֵһɲǣŷ޶룬һȻתΪһľ̷ӿͼڹŷǰһֻ˸ߵĺڶҲǳ֡
Ѿ˺ڶе˲ܹһȻʹˣҲ⣬Ͳùŷأ
Ϊڶʱ򣬾Ͱһпܶ˽ȥܹŷǸڶ׷ɱȥǹŷԼһڶ׷ɱȥν
Ϊŷȷǿ׷ûЩԴޡ
ôһЩԴüϣܲͷܰɣ
ûЩԴĹŷ壬Լ˵Ϲ֮£˭˭һأ
⣬ҲΪθոսʱ򣬳ôڶȴûһ˽ȥԭˡ
͵˻һʱٴͣʱ򣬻¹ŷë


1031 ꣡
ò˵ǵһԤ⣬Ƿǳ֮ȷġ
֮ǰĹŷ壬ԴҲ޿κΡ
Ȼ̶ȵĹŷ壬ȴһͿصء
ԣЩԴޣȷ޷ŷһͬ׷ȥ
ŷ壬ȴѹû׼ǣ
ǽڶһɲǣŷҲǺ޳ɣͽǸس˸ߺڶС
һ룬ŷһľٴӿȻͼŷٶȣȻ
⣬Ǿǿ֮һˣڽкڶ͵ʱ򣬿Ӵٶȣ
ȻڹŷسĺڶвˣҪƱ˿سĺڶʱ޷
ٶ֮£ŲʮӶѣŷѾˡ
̧ͷȥɼǰسĺڶȻڣǣŽֻ֮һ·̶ѡ
ŷ壬жʮʱȥԼļƻ
ʱ䣬ԣúܡ
һ˲ƣֱӾڶĳڴʱ͸оһɼǿĴԹŷΪȫԺȻҪɽĹȷǼ鷳¡
ԼΣӽڶڣŷȴûнȥǹ۲һ֮ȻһӴľӿ֣һڶһģһСĺڶǰ֡
ǣŷȴڶ֮ƺдԼһҵļ϶ҡҡͷһ֮£ĺڶʧ
ŷٴε÷λŷ֮£һڶ֡
Σسĺڶûκμ϶λȴ΢ƫĺڶҪϿسĸôʮҡ
ңһֱߣԼԤת䲢ϡ
ǣٴڶһʩųһµ
ǰγԺһûκ⡣
ĺڶλá϶سȫȫһ𣬶ڶķҲһֱߣת˸С䡣
Ǹ򣬾ŷ嶼֪ͨŷҪľЧ
ʱһĿģضѾˡ
ԣŷĿģǽԼܹƺڶһԬͳͳ͵δ֪ĵطȥ
޾ǿɴ޷ĵزֻҪĸһߺߣ治Ǽ׵ˣ
٣ڣǾ޷ؼҡ
ǣһѡķĻ¼ꡢʮꡢꡢǧ궼زҲɶϡ飡
ôʱ䡭
ʱڹŷǰƨ
ȻŷҲôһѣ׼޼ǿߵԤǿ˺˵ĵزֻƾ׼޼ԤУܹ׼ؼҵķˡֻȽ鷳ҲȽϷʱѡ
ԤƣӦðҰɣʱ䣬ôܹ»صġ
ţ¹ŷ廹ǲġ
˺ڶ֮ν֮󣬹ŷ岢ûоʹ˰֣ٿسһ˸ߺڶȻԼ˽ȥ
ȻˣôҪٷְٱ֤ǰھԻزԣһδͣǲôġ
ŷӰĳٴγ֡
࣬سνӵǸڶ
ΣҲûҪתڶĴͽǶˣֱһ֮伴ɡ
ǣŷʼ˵ڶڶνӹ
ҲΣɹ֮󣬹ŷλȻسڶ͹ȥ
ֱνʮڶ㹻Ԭ˹Ǵ;͵ûСʱ֮󣬹ŷͣ
һУŷĵײ˿ǣҲһ˿Ц
Ǿ͵ŰɣʹܹǸʱҲͬǵڣ
ٶ룬ŷ弴緽λȻ¿سĺڶʼؼҡ
źڶٵֻһСʱѣŷѾǻص統С
ʱһ£绹ǰģΨһͬǣǰڵԵޱƽ
ŷŸոմӺڶг֣͸Ӧ˲佫ԼЩУŷܹӦó̺Ŀϲ
С壡
ͬʱϲŷתͷȥȴĽ졢罣ˡ
ҲֻǶˣܹڵһʱӦڶĲȻʮڸ
С壬㡭û°ɣأ
ŷͻȻĽͷ罣ˣĵ׶ǳŵġ
ΪǶΪԬ˵Ŀֲȴ룬ŷȻĻˣҿϵЦݣ֪Ѿ鷳
ôأ
ˣΪ˿ڹŷľǿ߰
Ǻǣӣ𣿡
ŷǺһЦȻЦʱŪȥ˱ĵط
šڣӦǻزġԣ赣ǣ


1032 ķչ
ŷĻĽ罣
ʲʲôбŪȥ˱ĵط
һŪǰز
С壬㡢ôģ
Ľɴ˫ۿŹŷ壬ȫȻûƵᡣ
罣Ҳһ飬һ㿴Źŷ壬ȴĻش
ŷȴҡҡͷЦʱȲ˵ˣȻӦðڶزǣ˵̲̣˵ȴҲԲ
ԣǱ׳ҪֻҰĳԱӴѵȣΪһǻͽʮϵĻ缶ǿ߶ս
ѵ棬λǰרңϣλܹˡ
ԭź;ϲĶˣŷⷬвٴγ
ڣҲȷû˼ȥѯʹŷˡͬʱ˵ͷޱصصС壬İɣ磬ǹͬļ԰ϼһ˵ǷôˣҪǵֻҪܹȫ磬ҲԹԣ
ͬҲͬļᶨŷ壬ǻʵԡ
бҪԸԼȫ԰
ŷһͷãȻˣҾͲ˵ˣ²˳٣鷳λھȥŰɣϹ
˵ͷȻ׷չ˲ƣܲҲн
ߺ󣬹ŷ岢û뿪Ǿȴԭء
ӣŷĿһͼԼǰͻȻһڶ
Ȼٹ˰СʱңڶɳͷԴͷģ
ŷ岻΢΢һЦڣҲǻزǰŷ岢ûȥѰǣش´ͻ
Σֵ÷ǳ׼һ£죬Ǿͽ̤̣һͬȥսɣ
վԼǰӴ󡢻ýԴޣŷмΪ⣬ɢŨŨս⣬
໰
ȷһ컢ХͷԴ޷׷׷˻ŨŨս⣬ʵʡ
漴ŷһ֣һȺһȺԴ޾ʧԭ𽥱սƷռ档
Ҳսȥ֮󣬹ŷûڴ˴һ˲ƣѾ׿⣬緽ȥ
ԶԶģŷ͸оˣĽԼ
ΡɡʦʦɷʦѦ̡үүսշĸѩ̻ϡġ졢졢ս졢Ѧ¡ƶʯСѾʯƹϪСȵȵȵȡ
ˡֵȫԱ˲ƹĹŷʱ˵У޾ϲ
Ľͷ罣ΨһͬǣУûаź⣬ڹŷĻع飬УԵǰȻ
÷÷ϼһﱻɵû
˶û˵ʱһը͸ÿɤŵģҲûˡ
ȴû˵ȫŹŷ壬۴ѯ֮⡣
ŷ岻һЦ
㻹ҵ޼˰ô˵Ҳ׼޼ǿߣҪɱǣʱһ޷
ŷҡͷ
Զ¶ϧһ̾ùŷĵǺһ
ʦʦûӦ𣿡
ŷȽĿ⿴ʦʦѦ̣̬ʵ
Ѧ̶Ƿһĵ׵οЦݣãõúܣսүӣɷʦԼеˣǶǳ飬ǹÿɲ֪ˡ
ȷֻҪǱȽϤŷˣ֪ѦڹŷĵķңҲͬŷԼһ㣬ĴмġΪǾ仰ûûŷ壡
һǱ˵ʶˣ¾ûлŷ塣ϾûеĹŷ壬ǣȫȫˣܻκν
˵ǵһμѦ̶ˣûκһУȫʵġһܰĴͥûйĶǣûжթֻʵ顣
һôܹòأ
ÿͱలˣ
ȻҲʱ̵ĹŷİΣʹŹŷʵҲǲɱġ
Թ
ʦʦԵЦݺ󣬹ŷ岻ҲЦǺǣֻҪʦʦӦͺá
˵꣬ݾһ㣬˵һΣΪȡ˰ʱ䡣ٹ
꣬Ƿչǹ֮ǰӵ࿹ʵ
ꣿ
˶һ㶣ղĽͷ罣ֻ֪ͨǹŷˣûж˵ʲôǰȥֻҰټ׼ѵˡ
ԣֻаʱ䣬ͽսڳ˶ǸеĵЩصġ
ΪѾӶսĽף˵Ŀе֪Ԭ򵽵жôǿ
ѣ磬ܹӵ֮ʵ


1033 ŵϡСᣬ
ӽ쿪ʼҶ죬Ҿͽ뿪ʱŻ
֮ǰһΪܹӿΪٶȵĶڣһҪҶȥӽɣ
ŷܽᡣ
ʵŷҲûǽͷԴޣȻб켶ϵߣԬûлܹȥɱһ˵
ŷͲò뷨
ɱ϶ǻûȥԷġ
ǣȴֻܴЩͷԴޣЩˣȴǲܴ
ǹŷսԼ츴ڣ˭
ǣԼȥսĿģʵΪܹռ֮
Ա켶µ˵ţ춫
ɶڱ켶Ժأ
ֻҪľʼ޷ȡͻƣôǼߣ
ˣΨԴ޲ܹһսһաһ
ЩˣȴǸ޷һ㡣
ǣҵĶʱѺҶСᡣ֮ҾͽЩԴǰȥԬӡϡĪκǵˡ
ԣһȥǼµʱ䡣⼸Ҫչ˺Լ֪𣿡
˶Ҵ뿪׼ʼ֮󣬹ŷŶԶŮ˵
Ů֪֮ͨǷǳʱڣԲܸŷҡԶûκԥͷͬ
ǺǣǺãȽǸȻһػҰֻһˡ֮ұߡ˵꣬һ˲ƣ棬Ʒռ潲ŵϺСٻ˳ʼ׼
ֻʣ꣬ûġð죬ŷ׼߱켶ߵԹǸ
ŷһ֣ʬԼǰ
ȻӴľԼǰסֱעһһŮ켶ڡ
θ֮󣬹ŷľ飬˵ǵ¯ĵز
ԣûκ⣬СʱԺС͹ŵ϶˵꣬߱켶ʬ壬ȫһ
󣬾ͿСϵǾԸŮʬ˫ۡ
ɳãĴҿţ䣬Ҳˮ˲佫Ժ
ҡҲ𣿡
СḽǾŮʬ˵Ļ
ȻĿ⣬ͿһеؿԼĹŷ塣
ŷ壬˲һȻǾϲصŷ壬㡢ĸɱ𣿿ҼǵáҼǵѾ˰
ļ䣬ͣȥһ̡
ʱ׼ץŷģڿŷʶΪŷѾĸɵˣߣŷԼˡ
ŷǺһЦҲûжʲôһһɼ䣬ͱƶȻСڡ
СһĻĻһһͬӰԺ֮г֡
ɣԼĵȷȷˣȻַһϵеľ춯صĴ£١ȥԼԭֱŷ츴֮˶ˡ
ŷ岢ûгԴ֪ҪЩ֪ʶ
ʱһԵĹŵϣҲǷһ΢ʶҲ𽥿ʼѡ
ͬãգգ˫ۣãȻܡ
ܵĳԼȫİʱһ
ѵ˵νĵ
ɡԼĺԩ
ЩҩͲԼȡĹżҵģԼֵܹŷ͸ԼģǣƾʲôɱԼ
ŵг˲ʣǰľֱڻļ䡣
ʱ۽⣬Ҳڷ˹ŷĴڡ
Ȼһæһʱʣ˭
˵ⷬʱüͷ𣬾ɵؿǰϤİӣоԼƺ
һʱȴ벻ΨоɵضŹŷ壬û˵
ŷ΢΢һЦͬû˵ʲôһһɸƵļ䣬˹ŵϵԺ֮С
䣬ȴҪСӴöࡣ
Щ˽ԼһЩûҪ֪⣬Լ뿪żҺоȫһԵء˹ŵϵԺ
ڹŵѹ߶ǣľͳͳСʱҪЩϢ
ҲСʱϡ
Сʱŷ廹ܹȵġ
ҲĺͯΨһѺú˵˵ΪԼԭôЩ꣬ŷڹŵϣһֱĴεġ
ʮӺСѾǳ׻ָ˹
Ȼޱȳݺ͸̾ؿ˹ŷһۣȴû˵κһ仰
ΪõЩ֮󣬹ŷ뷨ʲôģѾ˽⡣
κλѾû˵ıҪ
ʱš
ȻСʱһֱ͵еĹŵϣ͵صɴ˫ۣȻ𺳡˼顢ϲݵȵŹŷ壬˶ȴ֪˵



1034 ɱ¾ʼ
ǰЩϢʵ̫Ӵˡ
Ӵùŵ϶ֲʵĸо
Щ䵱һ飬е𺳡е˼顣
á
ŵϲŻӵվǰţۡݻơųԱɳĳ졢ȡ㡢ŵŵϲû˵ʲôǰֱӸһӵ
ŷҲĵЦݱסŵϣлܹǵãŵΪԼˣȴԥԸóԼмҵΪԼβĳ
࣬˵ٵ˿
ǣȴȫ
лл
ǧԻһĸл

ŷ嵭Цص
ŵϱһߣ˷ܺͼصŷ塭ӦýйŴˣôʮ꣬Ѿǿǿˣҵ죡Ҷ㼸ʮǰȻֻһɶǵСۣ
ôΪǿ𣿡
ŷζЦ
ŵ۾һ͵һĹŷļ˷ܵϻȻ밡㡭ǲҪʲô֮
Ȼ
ŷûж˵ʲôһǬ֮˲ɳȻע˹ŵڡ
ΪŵϵǱ켶ģֻҪ֮ɡ
Ǭ£ֻҪ֮㹻ǲκƵġ
ˣֻҪŵϽ֮˵Ļôֻ˲䣬ʹһʲôΪûеķˣΪһǿǬ
죡
оԼͻȻġԳƵϿֲ֮ŵ۾˸Ϊܵı顣
ҹŵҲһǿˣߣҺùСˣȻҵŪ
ŵ˷ܵش󺰵۵¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫ
ŷգգۣȻҪҰ
ǸƨҩʦˣҲû˼ȥŰˡо߯û˼˵
ȻŷˣȴоҲô˼
ǾҡҡͷЦ˵
ˣڲǻдҪæ𣿼ȻѾˣôͿȥæȥɣٺ٣ȡհɵ
ŵƺʲôƵãæ˵
ŷͷûоܾȷڲʱ
ǵУȻһ˹ǣҾȥˣ
˵꣬ӰѾʧ
֮ʧģγɶŮ
ʵҲûʲô£ǰ֮֮ע뵽ֻҰЩڡ
ȫͳһˣֻҰԱҲȫˡ
ֻҪϳ˵ı켶ܹ뵽ֻҰ档
ˣֻҰ֮ǰ˵Ѿǿ˺˵ĵز
ֻԬ˵˵ȴ޷Ĳġ
Źŷڣ֮֮֮£ֻҪаϵ˴ﵽ˻缶ôĿıﵽˡ
ΪʵⳡսҪӦԵĶֻ֣Щ켶߶ѡ
ȻϿ϶Щ켶߲˲֪ٱġǣֻҪĻƾŹŷƵҩǰЩˣҲ޷սʤЩ켶ģ
ս飬ɱЩͷԴˡ
Ȼֻͷʤҩ֧֡ŷĽȫԲ缶
ͷԲ缶Դʲô
Ҫ֪Ԭ˵£ҲֻмǧԲ缶ѣ
ȱģֻ֮
οڹŷ׼ȥȰԬ˵һֵģ
лԹ
ֻҰԱЩֵȫע֮֮󣬹ŷ̤˶ǰ·̡
һΣȥһѪȷ磡

Դ޷ƷռŷԿسһڶ͡
һΣŷֱչκڶͣٴγֵλãĺţ
Ҳ˹ŷֱӴſʼһ·ǰȥ
Ǻڶͣ˹ŷĳ֣˲˵ע⡣
ֻһ֣мʮ缶ľԭǰһģɵӦŷ׼޼ĿֲϢ֮оһ͡
Ȼգ۹򶼲˲ȫʧ
Ӧˣŷ΢΢һаĻȡ
Ѫɱڿʼɣ
һ˲ƣʧԭء
ٴγֵʱѾһ缶ǰ
缶߿ͻȻֵĹŷ壬϶ʱһĨţæؽͰ͵󡭡ˣոðˡ
ղŵľУһ
ǰԼδ׼޼ǿߣǱԼոյŭˣϾþȥĳˣһ£ѾͬǶ˵ˡ
ŷȴû˵Ҳû֣ǿһۡ
˵ŷɱ¾ģǡǽȥ˾ɱ
ˣһЩ֮ˡ
ûġ
Ժǵ˵ĻŷҲĴ


1035 £
ǰߣŷǸ䱾塢Ϣġ
һȻʱ⣬Ǹˡ뷨
˾Ųʮˡ
ŷûж룬־ס˴˵ĲӡڶԷֵɫУֱӽ䲱ӸŤϡ
ٽԷ֮еļճһ֮̽£Լȷûɱˡ
Ȼ˲رģҲ٣֮๼
Դ˵Ϊ͵λܿŷѾļ䵱С˲ٸˡ
ǣûκڣһͼͷԴƾճ֡
ʱǣûгԼǱҩ
˴󲿷ֶֻǱ켶ĶѡȻǹŷΪ֮ԭ򡣲ΪģΪǣʹսܹǿ
ͷƺƴԴޣ˵𺧺Ϳֻš
ŷȴû˼ȥ켶µЩˡ
ԭҪЩ缶д֮ˣͿµûϺüµʱ䡣Щ켶µģûǸʱȥᡣ
񱩵ġһľӿ˲ͷԴ޵ϡ
ԹŷľӴ̶ȣȫãÿһͷԴޣԵȥǣһеô
ǣͷԴޣƻһȺŰĻȳ棬ڹŷľԸ֮£ʼѰĿꡣ
ڹŷ壬ǵûȥ֣ٻƷҩȻǾԭյпʼҩ
ڶߡԶһ˻𡢲ҽУ֮ʣԼ޹ϵ
ɱ¾ʼ

ĺüٸ硢磬˲һƬֻŵС
칦˶֪ˣ֪ʲôطͻȻĳһħͷһ׼޼ġ
⻹㣬£ӵͷʵٴﵽ˱켶Դޣ
ңʱԬӡϡĪκˣ֪ܵĶȥˣ
ܿ죬˷ĳЩ顣
ƺЩԴޣԱ켶µ߶֡
ңɱЩ缶ߣĳЩˣʮĶˣ
ЩûĻ缶ߣûһȥмͷԴھǵߵʱ򣬿ȥһۡ
һ֣ʱеа˲١
ٹ죬ȷЩԴޣԼǸħͷɱ֮ˣĵȷȷᴥЩ켶һ£һɱĶǴĻ缶ǿ֮ЩǷǵûκξ֣һʼ˷ܿϲ
ΪҪ֪ȻܱŷȻɱģǱض˺޵˹Ķµġ
ֻǿЩ˵Ϊʵ̫ǿҲֻҧгݣȴ޿κΡ
أ
Щ˺֮ǵˣ޲Դ޵¡צ£ûһģȫޱȡ
ǣŷ壬ԼЩԴޣûȥƺΪħħͷˣʲô֮ˡʲôģͳͳĵؼϣҲûǻܣǻΪ件
ÿЩԴ޺ߵǣĳĻ缶ǿֲ֮󣬶ᷢĺȲʺܾ˵İ
ԴˣŷֻһЦ̫⡣
ʼճڷҩУÿ죬ҩɣƷռҩﴢҲֲ
ʱҴţգ۱
Щ켶µߣЩûʲô֮˵Ļ缶ߣֹˮû˿ġ
Щ缶ϣ֪ԼضǱɱĿģ޲ʼڿֻź;пʼӴܡ
ٲӣǾɵˣҲûǶԷһ׼޼ǿڣ׼񶼲֪٣ôùԷ
ԣֻ԰һ
ǣ֮µĻ缶ߣ׷׿ʼӴܣһʱ䣬Ļ缶ʱ˺ܴһ֡ԭʮ磬ȥ⼸±ɱģټӴܵģµ֮ˡ
ԴˣŷҲʾΡ
ٴҲֹһ缶ӴܡģҲֻǾȫ׷ѡ
׷׷أ֮ĸһܣԼ׷ϡ
ԣ׷˼죬ŷ峹׸ӦЩӴܵϢ֮󣬱׼ظˡ
ʱ£ټϻȥֵûʮ죬ʣµʱ䣬Ҳֻʱˡ
£ԼͽȫЩԴ޺ֻҰԱʵ⼸֮յ㹻ˣԼ⼸ƵҩӦܹڴս֮ǰʹʵһεġ
ţŷһһЩԴսƷռ䵱УĵĸмݵȵĿ⵱УһЦֱӿسһڶȻȥʱʧ


1036 ңָֻҰһ
βǴԽ˼ٸľ룬ֻܽһδͣȻ·̾Ҫ˲ˡ
˳شӺڶгŷûκεȴ緽˲ƹȥ
һһףҲҪԼʮҲܵеľ뵽׶ôңԶ
ʱԶھ⡣
ǱӰٶĳ˲šϣ
ǣûбˣ
˵ʵʼڽкڶ͵ʱһ;СʱǻΪǲڶʲôʡ
ϸһ룬뵽Լ˾ôκڶͣȴδֹκ⣬ȴƫƫˡ
֮£޷뵽һжǹŷڸĻôǾɵˡ
Ȼʵ޷ŷ嵽һģһ룬ڹŷƺѰġԿ漣飬Ҳͽˡ
ǽܣԹŷĺȴǰδеĴ
֪͵һ㣬ǲ裡
ھƫ֮ƾ׼ǿߵԤУԼжϳ˷
жϣǿɲȥкڶʲôġֻʩչ˲ƣһһε˲Ƹ·
»Ҳܿ϶Ƿ׼ȷ
ԤУҲҪһξ룬ȻԤеһ·λġԣֻʹ˲ơ
һҪʱǿɾͶˡ
ĸʱ䣬Ǽһ̲ͣڸ·
ƣһͿ
ȴӲҧţֻʵڳܲס޴ľĵʱ򣬲ŻϢȵָò֮󣬲Ż·
Ԭƺǻ΢һ·λ
ʱһ˲ƣƣĪκΣüͷ˵
ԬӺ϶˶ûлش𣬶ͣ˫ۣʼо
һ֮ǲͬʱ˫ۣͷûбƶԼһҡ
һףɱСһס
ھʵ̫Ӵ󣬱˵һˣһסһףܿܶĿĵ
ԣһ׾룬ǿ˿Сӡ
Ҳоģ
Īκ˵
˱һ·λǿƣ룬˲ƶȥ
ĵףűȼյĻ棬˿̸ǲ㽫˶ˡ
Ҫľ㹻ǿ˶»ȥ
˿óĵףǶԹŷ嵽Թˡ
ʮʱ䣬ܿȥ
صһ̣ŷĵףĳЩԤС
ͷһۣǲ¶һ˿Ц
սڿҪӽ
ԼԤƵʱûˣ಻£ǱߵĴȫѹ
ʱһۣһٶʤܵʱˣ
뵽ŷоʱƺȣæ˲ƣֱ߽統С
һŷһȺƺѵšһһ캰ɱһɱɷƺҪ춼֡
ʣЩˣȻֻҰԱˡ
ùŷеʮ𾪺;ϲǣԭΪĸ¶ѣֻҰԱʵҲֻǿ֮һѾܲˡ
ڿȲжٳԱͻ˰ɣ˵˴֮伸ϣѾùŷ循ϲˡ
ٿܡ
̿ѵеֻҰԱ⣬ƺֻĽͷ罣ڶѡ
ˣӦöС
Ȼּս֮Уǵļ룬ΪսȡʲôƣȴȻʵڡ
ֻҪΪػһССǼʹȥҲԹ޻ڡ
ˣŷֻ֮Ľͷ罣˷˶ѡ
ǺǣС壬ˡǹҲӦҪˣôûɣ
˵Ľ죬һ仰ȻָѵЩֻҰԱ
ŷһЦޱȻȻжλȻܹ㹻ľϲ
ʱȣŷҲûʱȥгæ˵ֻʣˡ£ҪӴѵȡɣȻҪٶ̶һ֧ԵĲӣôҪ޵һľ
¶⣬ŷҲ˵һ֣ͷԴޱƾճ֮УһƬƣա
Ȼ󣬲Ľ졢罣ԼбͻȻֵġʵǿԴ޶ֻҰԱĿɿڴзӦŷңңһָĿ䣬˶ֵɱһ
ʱͷԴޱƣ˲˻캳أŷ񡢴ɱ¾ɴ𾪵еֻҰԱɱȥ



1037 ѵ
ʲô£ȥһ˵Ǳ
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ʲô£˰ǱȻٶաǿأ
ʲôŷ岻֪ֻһ

ǵģ
ֻ£ֻܽҰЩԱġꡢ壬ͬһӲ
ʹǳΪһ֧η֪ʹֻ֪ɱеĵʿ
ŷͻȻЩԴͻȻķ񣬲Щ͵еֻҰԱĽͷ罣˶Щ
ҪǹŷϢĵȷȷ˵Ļỳɣŷǲĸò
ʣϢ޷ıġ
ǣŷΪλԼˣԼ¶أ
СС壬㡢ʲô
ۿЩԴ޾ҪɱЩȴڷµ״̬Ľ̲סˣæʵ
ŷȴûлشԭ򣬶ĿĮע·Ľǰͷ罣ǰͲҪˣڣѵǣ
Ľ컹˵һԵķ罣ȴ䣬Ȼתͷȥͼ罣Ѿû˴ͣת¶һЦݡ
ЦݵУɼһ˿˷ܺΡ
ĽͲһ㶣ǺȻʲôƵãϣҲ¶һ˿Ȼ΢Ц
ԭˡ
ʱЩԴޣҲڳ̵Щ͵ǰ
Ȼȴûаչŷ˵һѪڣضǰˣģƺʱ׼ɱǰƵá
ŷĻȴ
Ӵ˿̿ʼжǵѵϵѵʽͬҵѵʱпֱȫЩԴ޲ŻֹͣǵĹ
Ҳ˵ҵѵʵѵ
ȻشҲ֪ҵûӵܹ˵
ȥҽ󸴻ǣǻļʹࡣǣҲʱʱ̴̿ھС
ҽǸκϢʱ䣬һֵֽʼȵʲôʱܹЩԴȫɱ֮ʱҲֹֹͣʹ֮ʱ
ڣ˵ǣ˭˳һͬ⣬ǣҲͬڻҰֻصְ񣬲Ӵ˽ԵټֻҰˡ
ǣ˭Ҫ˳𣿼ס˳ôͽϵؿǣ
ŷͳ˴Եɤ˶𣬻У͸¶Į͸¶Ѫ͸¶ɱ¾
ǣùŷ嶼ǣ׹ŷ˼֮󣬷ǵû˭˳һжޱȵļᶨ֮ɫ
Ѿԣǣû˭Ҫ˳
ܺãȻû˭Ҫ˳ôɣ
ŹŷһŭǧԴͬʱ
Ȼȫ޷ֻҰԱ޲˼ʹĴ
ֻôһغϣнǧһˡ
ʣµôǧˣҲǷӦġΪߵģſһֹ
ȺԴޣǶ֪ԼҲŲʮغϣͿܻˡ
Ȼˣȴûκһ˷κһԹԡЩ˵ģͬûκһ˷˿ʹ
ȫ־ᶨӦս
ʵڼֻҰһǾѾԼһߡ
Щˣڹŷ壬޲˷ĵ׵ľ¾˹ŷҲǣҲκη塣
Ϊŷ壬Ȼĵŷǵ񣬾ǵĿȣ
𣡣
ĵĿȣʹǲ԰ܣŭһ˵û˵ģƴȫɱš£Щ˽ֻڰ;ͱԴһץ
ǲŭȴþƬ֮ص
ⳡȫ˵һߵɱֻ˲ӡ
ֻҰԱѾȫ
Դⷽȴֻôʮͷȥٶͷ˶ѡ
Ͼھ⼸µɱ¾֮Щԭڱ켶ԴޣͻƵ˻缶񣬸һ֮Դ޴ﵽԲ缶
˿ֲʵֻҰЩ󲿷ֶǱ켶ߣܹʱ䣬ѾǼ伫䲻ˡ
⻹ֻǿʼ
ֻҰԱȫȥ֮󣬹ŷ޶ӰһͿʼ˸
δеǿȫԼǧǧĴ
ȥʱ̣ܶǱڹŷĸ
ˣŲʮʱ䣬ֻҰԱѾȫԱ

ŷһ£ողŻָʶֻҰԱٴӭһֵ
һΣȴʮӣ
֮ǰһʱ䣡
ңùŷΪǣθ֮ʱŷ巢֣ѾвֻҰԱȻͻƵıԵ
٣ҲΨ޵ѵ֮


1038 ͻ
ɱ
𣡣
߽磬һġһǰɱź𳹾ģһ˻
ɱըڶȻһ߾ţ˫Ҳ߼š
Ѿǵʮ
ֻҰⷽҲʼʱ䣬ڵʮӣ
ɱСĶʮӣҪֻ֪ҰԱ˽ʵ
⿴ʵЩ췽ҹ̷˵ʮսȡ˾˵ĳɹ
ʵЩͨսȷ
ɲҪˣֻҰԱÿһˣѾ˾ŴʮΣ
ľ
ңڵ峡ʱ򣬹ŷÿһˣǷҩ
һʮƷʦǿʵģ
һʮƷʦǿģ
һʮƷʦӿģ
ǰźܺ⣬ǿҩӿڵ֮ģ
ҩټǰศɡ
£Ҫ޷ȡ˾˵ĳɹǲǹأ
һԣĽ졢罣ĿؿһĻ
ǿĿһ֧ʼֻܼӵĶ飬γɳԼʮˣ
̶̼СʱʵȻ
ʲôֲ
ȻûС
ŷóЩʮƷʦҩǲӶɳ
ĳɹˣ
ĳΪһδ˴ﵽʮƷʦҩʦ
ҵ񣡣
Ǻʱǰȥһץסŷ壬ȻҪʮƷʦҩһԣһ¡
Ӳѹ˵뷨
ҪءԣҪء
˼ʱǱߣսѾӽβ
ΣֻҰⷽܡ
βʱﵽʮӣЩͷԴޣҲʧ˽ǧͷ
ɾԲһСĿҪ֪ЩԴҲǻ缶
ֻҰⷽȻʮս֮Ų˶ͻ˱ΪǣȴҲв˻ɴڱ켶
Բ͸˵ˣ˵ٵÿ
ܹҲֻôԲѡ
˫棬࣬ҡˣܹ»֮ãҷɱһǧͷԴޣ˵Ǽǿǿˡ
Թŷ岢Ǻ⡣Ϊ֪ԬµӴı켶ߡ˵ǧ򣬶ǺΪģǧǧǲһģӴ治ô׽
ˣŷ彫Ǹ֮ûκϢٴЩԴ޼չ
ʵҪ˵ĻҲΪһԹۿûвսԭ
ΪҪ֪ǣȻѾǾƷ߼Բ缶
ֻһһͻƳΪ׼ޣ
Ȼƺһĳ޷ԽĹһ㣬֮޷̤һ㡣
Դˣŷ岢е⡣
ǹƽģȻܹԴûκľ޵һ·ͻƵ缶ôͲٻͻƵ׼ޡ޼ˡ
С尡㻹׼ѵã
ʮһսʼĽ̲ס˹ŷʵ
ǰȥʮƷʦָҩڣҲ޷˴ѹ
Ҫ֪ЩͨһΣʹǾⶼʮˡǲʱЪһЪ
罣Ҳ˹һԽ
ŷȴһЦȴ͸¶ŵĮʮսʮӦǵļޡҲΨдﵽǵޣܹھǵǱȻǵΪ
ʮ
Ľʱ󾪣Źŷ۵׵ļᶨ֮ɫЦһûٶˡ
ȻǹŷľôͰ뷨ɣ
Ͼ漣ߣ
ǣս
ʱҴҶɱսûһֹͣ
ٸѭ
ֻҰԱ󲿷ֶ;㱹в˲
ǣŹŷһ֮ע֮Ǳٱʶ΢һ㡣
Ϊ΢һ־ʹֱͻޣǵľҲּΪʹĥУһһηǿţ
⣬ֻǶǱΪĴǶǵġǵĴ
ľͻּ֮֮ģΪǡȻ󡭡ͻƣ
ڶʮսŷ彫Ǹ֮ʱǧֻҰԱɵɵվԭأ˫Ŀ
ֻҪеʶһͻ֪ʲô
ͻƣ
ǧ˵ļͻƣ
ʲôǺε׳۵ĳ棿
٣֪ŷѵֻҰԱ׷׸ۿĻҰֻظ߲ǣȫˡ


1039 ıս
ҰֻЩ߲ǣڵʮ߳սʼʱŵġ
ʼֳһľսѵˣȥ˵־ȥھڵǱ
ɷϣȷõģǹŷ廹ܹǸ
ǣ;ܵĥȴʱʹģݻ־ġ
ͦˣȻա
ûͦͻ߻ħ
ע⵽һ㣬˭סˣ߻ħˣŷ嶼һʱ˲ƹȥȻ󳯶Էעһ֮ȷԷĳʲô⡣
ĵ׶ǻȻ
ֲùŷ嵨أԭͰһнᷢ鶼ȥˡ
ǧͬʱͻƵеߣ˶֪ʲôȥĵ̾
Ҫ֪ɴһǧͨ缶ֻҰԱͻƵԲ缶ɴŽǧ켶ͻƵͨ缶
ǡ⣬ֻǵһѵ
֮һ½µʱ䣬ǣֲֽˣ
Ȼ˶ַ֪Ҳ͵һγЧģˣЧͲˡ
ʤʱ㹻ս֮ǰ£ֻҰԱһ켶˰ɣ
˶ûп˵ŵͻƵеİǧˡ
ʱ䣬ǿţʮӺ󡭡
ǧˣȫͻơ
ԤƵùȻûһΣֻҰǧͨ磬һǧԲ磡
ҵ죡
Ȼ˶Ϊŷ˷ܵȥʱȴŷ˵ҵıַǳûʧ
ǿȵѵˣԣ֮İҾȰƽѵǿѵɡ
ȻЩҩﻹǻᰴʱ͵λеģºѵ
ڣͶȥϢȥɣ
ŷ¶һ˿ЦݣЦȻŴһ˻֡
ֻҰԱһĵ޲˿
ǣˡ
ǣûκεȴҲûаչŷ˵ɢȥȻֱӾһһؾ͵˵ϡ
һĻŷ岻ݸһЦʵҪڴսٵĻҲȲпķȥѵǵġ
Ҳ˵תȥ
󣬻Ұֻظ߲㼸ȫˣһϤŷ΢΢ЦλʵҲûбҪȥƴˡΪѾɻʤİա
ΣգʵϻԬѡֻҪܹôһжΪǡ
ŷĻȻû˵úȷǱ˼Ѿˡ
˵ΣԬЩûκһܹԸˡȻˣǻôƴʲô
ŷĻȻĵ΢Щʧ䣬ȴҲ׹ŷ˵ȷʵ
̾˿Х᲻οЦû취ȡ̫ͻưľʵ̫ѡ̫ˡ
ǵʧ䣬ŷҲܹ⣬룬ЦʵҲõԼ޷Ϊʲôǵʵ޷սȡʲôİǿԵָӰ
ôǵѾ㹻ˣֻҰˣǾԼŷɣȻѵ֮⣬ʱ䣬Ƕ໥оսָӣ룬һսսָӣԶԶҪԱʵҪã
ȻŷĻǰһԣǵʵǿ󣬿ǣǿȥоս
ֻҪսõúãôʤİգǿüɣ
ţսɷĽ졢罣һ졢塢ĵȵһȺϺ궼Щ˷һۣٶƸУʮһʮϺһ𣬿ʼս
ŲʮѣһıƾʹЩϺһԡһﵱð˳Щıƣùŷ嶼еЩëȻȻӦǾ䣺ûգֻиգ
ȿȡ˵գӦ˵սԣս
ţŷ壬ʼڴºĴսˡ
Ǹʱֻֻ֮ҰԱЩϺĴ֮£أ
ŷ岢ֻ֪֪һ㣬Ԭǧ֮ı켶ߡ
ˣ
ڹŷЩʱХᡢշ塢̻ϵȵһˣҲıУ󣬱ɳӡһС
һᣬŷһʵȥˡ
ʲôм˼ơʲôսǰ÷࡯ʲôžġȵȵȵȡûиսȻĵ
ƺ񡭡ӦȡЧɣ
ٺٺ١
ŷûжȥŶŮкϪһҩʦһ㳯ĳȥ
ʱǴ˵еҩʱˣ


1040 ҩ
νĴ˵ҩʵʮƷʦġ
ֻǣҩϵЧʵ̫죬ԲŻᱻŷ֮Ϊ˵С
ڴϪǰʵҲû˼һԶĦĦԾﵽƷߵȴʦ
ʮƷʦŷδܹ
뵽ﵽǸ𣬾ҪԼȥİ壬Ȼתһ
ֻİ壬¾ˣ˵Ҫתһߵ
ˣŷֻȫﵽʦǸͳˡϾл缶ߵҩҪ㶨ġ
λţϹƳĴ˵ҩǵһ԰
ŷһҪҩģһЦŶԶŮ
γɶŮգգˮĴ۾ʣʲôҩﰡ˵ô棡
ϪͨСҲǳŹŷ壬ϾǺ档
ŷһЦҲӣҩʵúܡΪֻҪһ£һ̣Ͷܹٴθˡ
룬սУǵ˸ոձɱûٴλˣ᲻ԵзԱһ޴ǻʤϣҲһ룡
ŹŷһϯǶŮϪˣĿɿڴ
ܡܹ˵ҩ
ʲôҩ
£ҩ
Ϫ鲻Խһڿˮ˼ʵЩʮƷʦҩȻδƹǡȴû˵Ĵڰ
š㡭ǲǼǴˡ
˵˵ϪȴѹûΪŷǴֻʵ޷ĵ𺳺ˡ
ŷһЦȷҩȷκҩ涼ڵġǣҩڣǲҩͲڡֻҪģ½пܣ
½пܣ
˶һʲôϸһ룬ȴַ·ʲôûС
ǵ飬ŷҲٿЦ͵ЩʮƷʦҩ棬ȷûҩƷڡ
֮ɳƺҩʮƷʦģȴΪҪƵҩһںʮƷʦҩ﷽ҩ
ŷĽͣԼࡣ
ȻĻȴϪĵ𶯡
ֻҪҩʦ֪һĳǾǣҩԲܹںһ
ǳԵıȷɡ
ҩ˵ҩ;УֻҪҼĳһֲɵҩĽȥ۶٣ôǱϡ
ȻֻǼһֲɵҩľͻᵼƱϣοȫͬ͵ҩ໥ںƣ
ˣŷĻϪĵһ뷨ǹŷǲǷˣôأ
һ·ŷ־漣ȴ뷨ֲʼҡ
ܹ
֪ʲôʵǵ뷨ûдֲͬ͵ҩ޷ںơ
һǵı飬ŷѾµˣЦż͵͹غھˡ
ҵľѾתһʵʡһֻҪ뵽ҩȥôһвܹܶܡ
ˣȻҲͬûԹţٷ֮ʮӦöܹɹġ
ϪǣŷȫûҪȥʲôһһʮԭ˵˳
һ£Ϫǳû˵ˡ
׷һͷȻҲ˵˷ܵŹŷ塣
ŷȻһЦҲٶԣһҩ˳֮Ʒҩ˲Լǰ
ӡµƷҩϪһҩʦ۲
ŷûǣǻ˫ۣʼеҩ
˵ҩŷ廹δƹֻһָѡ
ָĳɹȴǸߵӽٷ֮ʮŵĳ̶ȣһŷұ֤
˿϶Լ뷨ȴ֮ǰҩʱȻ˻ľЧġ
ʱŷţȻ֮ͻܹ֮뵽ҩ֮УôͬΪһľǲҲأ
뵽Ҳùŷϲ⡣
ҩЧûκ
ǣļ룬ȴֱʹЩҩҩʲôģȫ߱ĳԣ˵ֱ׵㣬ֻҪ뾫ôȥҩᱨϣ
ŷһ£ʮƷʦҩʱ򣬹һԵġרǿʵҩҩĽȥ
ȴ֣¯ҩûбϵңƳҩ䱾ЧڣһЩǿʵЧ档
֣ʱùŷ循ϲֻ֣ڷ⹦ܵʱѾӽβǾ͸ɴʱ£׼ȵ֮ٺúоо
ڣʱԣǹŷ崴⾪춯֮ҩʱ̣


1041 ҩ
ڣŷҪԵģǽʮƷʦҩоۻ굤ںһơ
ۻ굤ЧŷѾʦʦϿˡ
Ҫ֪ʦƵľۻ굤ֻǾƷߵȴʦģӵмǧ궼ܱ֤һ겻𣬿ʮƷʦľۻ굤߱Ч
ŵ˵ֻҪһʮƷʦۻ굤ʹϡ飬ҲܵκһӰ죬Чֲ
ʮƷʦҩЧҲޱȡ
¾ͨ缶ǿߣֶϽŵ£Ҳܹ֮ȫԭ
Բ缶ǿߣͬ£ʮڸԭҲûκģ
ָҩˣټܹ֤겻ľۻ굤
ںϣҩЧֻһΣ˵ܹǺΪġ
ȻһУҪȳɹ֮¶ۡ
һ׼֮λšϪ˷׷׵ɴ۾ۿţĵ׶ЩΪǶ֪һҩɣǽʲô
ŷ΢˫ۣԺиֳһϵҩ
һӺ˫Ȼⱬһ֣ǰƷҩðܻ棬ǻ֮
ȹԼĪʮ룬ŷȻһҩľͶ˽ȥ
͡һ죬ҩգ۾ֻʣ¾֣һ˲䣬µһҩٴν룬֮֮ǰҩľʱһߡ
һУе൱˳ûгκ쳣
ȶҩģҩרáȵһҩҩҲϺ󣬹ŷ岢ûںϣǼʼ˾ۻ굤ơ
ۻ굤ŷ֮ǰҲΣ˹ҲǷǳ˳ȵۻ굤һҩҲϣȫҪĹͷˡ
ܲܳɹͿһ
ŷһġʵһľӿ˲ü֮ҩУȻڹŷĿ֮£ҩ;ۻ굤ҩľͳͳС
ϣܿκα仯ʹþ۲죬Ҳûκ쳣
Ȼŷȴ֪ҩľӦûų⣬κҩĶܹС
ģҩľ𽥽ӽԹŷľ˿̶Щ
Ϊһɹ˵ԼⷽͶһ
ңҩﻹܹ޴εطõĻ
Ǻǣŷ͸ҶԣֻҰԱܹ£
Թ
ŷ˼֮ʣҩľѾʼںϡ
ûùŷʧҩľûκų⣬һ룬ͳɹ໥ںһ
ںϣŷһȣһŵҩľ㿪ʼᣡ
һԣ˶ܹҩ״
ɹںΪһţҿʼҩľ޲ɴ˫ۣг˿ϲ
ɡɹˣ
ˣ
ҵ죡ҩʲô
ڹŷ߿漣˵ֿγɶŮ˿̶Խе뼤ƽȥ
ҲЩʱһƢҩܣŷһУҩ˲俪һžӨ͸ӡ׳Ʒͼĵҩǰתš
ϸȥܹĴָСľӨҩƺɢĳصĹâˡ
⡭ܹ
Ϫ鲻Խһڿˮɴ۾ŵص
ˡৡһתͷ׷ŷ忴ȥ
ŷҲһϲ⣬˵ʵŵҩĳɹʵùŷԽսû̫ĵġ
Ȼս˲Ϣ䣬ŷɲţԬ˵ôõǿߣִ˶ֻ꣬бϿЩơ
ˣԬ˺ǵŷûӹһһ⣬﷭˴ĿɾͲֻԼһˣԼЩˡֵܡԼˣ꣡
ʵֻһƻȵЩҩȫɺ󣬽ֵԼʵˣ
ٶ룬ŷ֣ǿžӨ͸ĵҩͼԵɵ˹ŷ֮УȻŷſ򣬾ͳⵤҩӦȥ
ԹŷʵȫŵҩܹԸӦӦ˻ûһСŷǣѾ¶ŨŨЦ⡣
ûԼĹƣû
ⵤҩĵȷȷ߱űꡢָЧ
ңʮƷʦҩںϣҩЧ˺üΡ
ȫ˵ŵҩǹŷãûκ⣡
ŷ嶼ˣˣֻ֮Ҫʮ붼ãվ
Ҳûơŷ֣ⵤҩȻ߱šܣҲǷ֮ЧһֱڣʲôʱЧ
ǣҩЧӷϣôһ֮ھ޷ٴηˡ
Ҳ˵ˣÿ˶ֻ׼һĵҩѾ㹻


1042 Ϊܣ
Ȼڣŷ岢ûиеź
ΪҩܹƵطõĻˡ
˭ȷã
ŷ忴ŮЦʵ
ŮһۣöԷȳҩ춼û˭˵Σŷֱӵţɡ
˵ţ̧һӣҲǳϵſӣС죬ҩڼȻһů˶С
ľ߱Ч
εӣ˿̶̲ססС죬𾪡
Ļɳ֤ʵֻʱҩˣһʱ䣬ϪһҩʦΪϲܹۼ֤׿ҩĵѾǳǳҡ
תһ˫Ĺ˵ֱŹŷ壬۲תޱȡ
ŷԭģ欵񿴵һȻʧЦҲ˵ʼһ¯ҩơ
һ¯ĳɹ飬һ¯Ȼд⡣
ˮ̬ݲȣŮĿѣԣϪ򿴵
ֻǼʱѣһ¯ҩ󹦸ɣҩɷɳҩһɲǣڹŷĿ֮£ֱֱųɵ˺촽ȥ
ҲͬſС죬ҩڣ欵޵ĺ촽һ̵Ļ󣬵ùŷֲ㾲ˡ
ۣϹôҩﶼŪˣºܹͳһ޾ǿأ
һݵı飬Խ˵Խ𾢣Ȼͳһ޾ǿֻ˵˳
ŷгССŮԼһʱǾҩˡ

ʱúܿ졣
ֱȡΪҩĵҩҲҰֻص֪
û⣬֪ŷȻƳҩ֮˶ڿϲС
ļ䣬֮ĴսҲġ
ҩҪԴԼֻҰһҡ
ŵҩķ˶ʮʱڵɡŷԤƵİʱ䣬Ҳһˡ
УŷְַѵֻҰԱһȡЧȻûеһôȴҲɺǷ
٣ֻҰ켶ߣѾһɣ
Դ޲սУֻҰҲܹһСʱˣңɱ˰ϵԴޣ
Ҫ֪˵˵ѵֻҰֺγѵԴأ
ˣЩֻҰԱڳɳԴҲͬûֹͣǿĲ
£ɻܹһСʱһɱϵԴޣֻҰԳƵһ֧ԵĲˡ
ҩһţѵҲͣ£һУѾ׵
ǹŷԼʱˡ
ʱգŷĵ׵ԤҲǿѾܹȷʮ죬մս㽫
ʮ졭
ŷ徲СԺϣ̧ͷʣһ̾
˫֮ϣһ鼮ƽţȻոڿⱾ顣
ŷڵλãȻԼСԺˣʢļ紺ţɷǳʺ
ֻжʮʱˣԼǷ̶̵ĶʮĳЩͻأ
ֻһ˿Ҳð
ŷţȴԵòôš
ϹԷ
ȻߴöĺǳеĹŷ循ѣ΢΢һЦתͷȥȴһľ²֮ɫĳУƺʢ
ֻɳܰŷǳʱ⡣
ǣķպ͵ȴô֮ȥ
ҲֹŷˣҰֻرǿúܣ˵ﻰŷûİջʤ
ֻм棬۷棬Ҳơ
ԼԬ˶Ҫǿ׼֮Ʒ֮ĲСԼʮûκνչͻƵĻ
ܡһУ
ǰ⸱ԼеޱȰܵܰ棬Ҳڡ
Ϲ㻹Ŷʮ֮Ĵս𣿡
ŷϵǳ͵ģȻûε۾֮仹Ӧŷĵ׵Ļ뷨ܹ֪
΢΢һЦŷ̧ν۵գ̾˿ʵҲûʲôյġһһˣҲ󣡡
Ԭ֮ĳԹǲܻģһŷ֪
ˣһ䣬ǽ治ȥ롣
ϹǶ֪ģǴսǲɱģٵҲá˵ҲֻԼĶѣʵǣǻҰֻظ߲㣬֪ˣδĹ
ۻСŷĴ֣οŵ
⵹ùŷЩˣΪʲô
Ϊܵѽʹδκˡκ
ԣǴӲģ
ʱŷĳһЦ̬ǽޱȵص


1043 ׼޵ռƣ
ɵĻùŷһ㶡
ȴ룬ԭԼУˡֵܡԼԱУӵ˸ߵĸ߶ȣ
ǡԼ
Լܵ
ŷΨпЦ
Ϲ㻹ڿⱾѽ
δ۾ؿŹŷеĹ飬һĨ밮⡣
ǺǣҲûͻƷˣоΪƺҲֻͣѰͻˡ
ŷеĹ飬Ц
ϹáⱾ棬ܲʲô𣿡
ʱһԵĳҲʵ
ŷԣԥһͷûΪû֣ʲô飬Ȼܹ˵ģ£Ҫһ˵ȥȡ
˶٣ּҷǳǣÿĳΣٿһⱾĻƺֽȻͬĸ
֣Ҹҿ϶ⱾضǷ
ʦ˵ⱾдӵڳһСӣӶõҪⱾ鵱£ΪλᱻһС
ҪҵĻҿ϶ղأԲط
ֵ
ŷٺһЦɻգɲһҪ֪ҵ꣬Ҳеõҩ
ɶʱȻԣǾͲٶ˵ˡ
ˣЩ˵ˣ˵ϹҿܵģţܡģԲ磡
λ˵Ц˼䣬صƺѾ࣬ģҲ»ع顣
ŷ㣬ŮҲΪˡ˵ʵ¶δ¶ĵǣǳۣȴֲ֪ôźãΨϰοһЧ»صšȻ
зǣһܰޱȵسŶΧﻨ㣬羰续߻Ц续е˼á

ܰʱڣȴ˼
Ȼ˼ǶǣǶ޾ǿε˺ü£ǰһСʱڻعԬӡϡĪκ˶ԡ
ʱΧؿűƺûκ쳣
Ӧ˺һǲȷţԭ£ģ
ʵŷԤʱ䣬ǰ˴Լʮҡ
ȴΪԭɻ޾ǿյεŵģͻȻӦ˴Ҵҳⷽʱ󾪣Ϊǹŷɱ
ȻһӦ˵Լˣ׷״ϲΪӦ˵Ĵ֮󣬾ͱʾѾԶˡ
ǣæ˸һԬˣϵľŶȻ˿ϲʲôûʣͼææһ㽫ȫ˵˳
ʼԬ˻ܱ򶨡
ǣŷȻͷԴޣɱĳʱɫ˵ǳÿҪγˮˡ
񱩵ŭȻȼգ˵ֱ˱һڵλãȻռ䣬Ͼ֪˷λ
ˣٶȳǱ˲ƹȥķһʱ䣬ڻ
ĵһʱ䣬ǾͿʼӦֵĵȷȷµϢʧȻ󣬾˸ոһĻ
͵һҧгݵص˵ô㣿
ĪκǼ꣬Զʱɱغô㣬ɱȥСˣȫɱһ
ٺ١Ҳ˼
ͬɱڵ˵
Ȼ˾ͬʱŤͷԬӿȥ
Ԭûĳ翵ϢɷʲôȻС飬ȻͱʾѾˡ
ˡ
˵ԬӶ˶٣Ѿɫͺ
Īκζԣ۾ȻһĪκæ˼ǡóǼԸ
ȻأΪƾܸɵȻҲκβǣǣҲκβ
ˣҪ׽ɱΨóǼˣ
Ԭޱ飬˿ЩԥĶˣЦ˵ôǻ᲻𣿵ȷûǶĵȷȷֻʹΣ֮󣬱ʧ
ǶʱãҪȵʲôʱãΪʹǶʱ
ĪκȴЩɣ룬۵صǶҲ̫һɡ޾ǿգɾֻôһҡǶһĹ⣬ôȴǵĽ޾ǿնΪһƬް
ʱ˶Ҳ⣡
˵ֹĪκζˣԬӵϣ¶һ˿־֮ɫ


1044 ŷĿ־
ˣԬɼŵȷǶһһգˣ޾ǿնѲĽ
˶٣ǣΪɱСӣпܻҪʹһΣԻɱһ׼ˣ
Īκζԣǵ˵ͷƬ̣һݣãȻˣǾ͸ɣ˵ʵСӸɵⱲӿ¶޷ˬˣһ㡪
ǶʹԲܳΣѾǼˣҿɲСᣡ
İɣ⣬һӣ
ԬЦңڷλоǺպ׹⡣

ֻҰѵݱĽš
Դ޵ѵҲûֹͣΨһѵ
Դֻﵽ˾ƷߵԲ缶ѣԴޣڰƷ¡
ŷƺһɣֶԴޣԴﵽƷߵԲϡ硪ϾëϬţʨܵȶԴޡ
һģǰʲôģҲֻܴƷƷеԲ֮䣬ϣζͻƲˡ
͵ȵģȴҲܹﵽԲ磬ֻ޷ͻƵƷԲ磬಻ᳬƷͼԲ
ֻ֮ܶҪԴޣͻƵԲ硣ֻż޶ѡ
ôЩѾоųɵԴ޶ﵽԲ磬ôʮʱ䣬Ӧòȫܹﵽܴﵽ۷壡
һУԵ÷ǳ֮˳ʱ䣬Ҳյþȷ
ʱŷСԺС
ŷԭŻ㡢鼮Ͽƺɰʵϣŷ˿̵ѲΧ
˫ۣޱȳؿ鼮еÿһ仰ÿһ֣ȻѾ飬ÿһοһµĸ
ɣⱾ鼮Ȼǡˡ
֮֮Σ֮
ŷԵһ仰ȫһ䡣
֮
ŷૣ˶˳˼У
֮֮
Ȼŷоһ죬Ϊ죿
ġ졯Ӧòֵͷϵưɡ
ġ졯ָӦ޾ǿգ⣬죡
֮Ƕȡ޾ǿյԴﵽ
УԳ֮Ϊ졯
ʱԼʩչԼȥȡεʱǷ·ĹӦñǶȡġ졯֮£УӶﵽ
ŷ峤һУϲ
ԭˣ
һ̣ŷ·оԼġԼꡢԼһУĳµĹָͨоͺԼ졯һ㣬ޱȡ
ȻֻǹŷһָоָоȴùŷִƺֻҪԼٿһԼ⡮졯Ϊһ塣
ʱ죬ԼԼ졯
ޡޡ
ŷȻһЦԭ̤޵̨ף
ֻ̨ףƺ̫ߡԼѾƣ
ţŷֻͷһ仰
֮Σ֮
仰ִʲôأ
ŷ˼ڤ룬ϰ죬ûκͷ
һܹ϶ֻҪ仰Լ̤һɾ۷壡
ֻһ仰
ѣ
ŷһ̾ҡͷҪ͸仰Ҫĳĳ
Ȼһ仰ʼ޷͸һͷûУһɹ͸ѾһֺܴĽˡ
Ψһźǣ͸͸Ǿ仰Լʵȴûκνչ
ԼĵȷȷѾǵƿ״̬ôһͻƵĻֱܾ޼ˡ
ʱ
Ȼŷ͵һ𣬷౻ݺݵûһ£Ȼվоⱬ
ԤУ
ԤУ
⻹ǹŷ״ǿҵĲԤУǿ֮ʱҲֻǺ÷ԼսʱǴξȻһεԤУȴǴǿ屶
ʲô
ѵ˵ʮ
ŷǿҵĲռ飬ʹƺЩ
⵽ô£
ŷŭţǣ׻ʲôƣѵ˵֮У˭ͻƵ޼ɣ
ǿҵĲ
ϡϹôˣʲô£
ʱŷ᷿У͵سӰ˻ûʹ˹
˵ģΡ
ŷӦ˹ŷеĲ͸Ӧˡ
֮£æͬɱ˳Ϲϴδ¶һĨ־֮ɫʱĶˣæѯʵ


1045 ˡ
ۣԼ˴˿̿־ºڵĺӡ
ŷ־壬򲢲ǶԼ־塣ԼԵǻԼһΣδ¡
־ģԼӡԼˡԼֵܣԼǧǧ޹գ
Ϊֻ֪һ㡪
ȻԼĵ׻ǿҵĲôʹţ˴ΣУԼĸ᳹Ч
Ҳ˵ԼԼ޷¸
⣬ǹŷ־ĸԴ
Ϲ㡢ôˣҡ
ŮʱѾ˵˹ŷԣſǻޱȵǵŹŷ֡
ߴӵĵĻŷȻѣæǿ¶һ˿Цݣû£ǲõҡ
˵࣬ȴʾô޷
Ϲ׷ʲô£ܺ˵˵𣿡
Ůһһסŷı۰˫Ĵ۾ע͸¶ޱ߹С
ŶŮ崫¶ȣŶŮϴ㣬ŷȻһ궯ģƽЩ
ոգͻȻԤУһΣΣˣ
ŷ̾˿޲ͳص
Ů˫˫һ㶣Ȼ֪ŷԤдʲôεԤУȻ˿־壬֪飬̲Σ
Ȼԭ֮ǷһЦЦ绨صϹΪǵİΣ־𣿡
ŷĬص˵ͷ
͸뵣ġΣȻս޷⣬ҲŬҪҲκη塣㣬˷ޣѾе㡣
ԣܽΣͬߣͬѨǷˣһ룡
εĻն⻹ǹŷ״δ˼ᶨĻ
˵ûֻҪǾŬ컹ҪҲûа취ܹ֮һ𣬹ôķѾ㡢ˡ
ͬ˼ᶨϸǲСҸ˿ûΪΣκο־塣
ŷסˡ
кȻůӾȻ̲סЩᡣ
ãǾͬߡͬѨֿ
ŷһЦЦ
ȴǼᶨضԼ˵ҪܺãôҾͶ죡ҹŷ壬¹˭
ţеĿ־嶼ŨŨս⡣̧ͷңڷǣ¶һ˿Цݡ

ʱúܿ죬תۼ䣬ʮʱҴҶ
ʮ˶ٵõ˲СΨйŷԼȴûа
Դˣŷ岢û⣬е˼鼮档
Ԭʲôƣ߻֮˭ͻƵ޼ܻᵽһζĵǡһζĿ־壬˿Ļᡣ
鼮̧׼һЩƣĶͷֻۻСȴǸ̫ѨϣʼءذĦ
ֻ㣬ŷѾ֪˭ˡ
̧СģҲͷʵţͻô
ֻһЦѽǶѾͨ缶۷壬ֻһӦܹͻƵԲˣ
ЩγɶŮ˸ŷ⣬ʱ϶
Ǹ˵ʵսûжôǣΪԼֵһ㣬ǾѾˡ
Ȼÿƣ
ϹҪȥϢһ°ɣʮûϹˣ
ٴɵȻͼģ˿ߵŷߣ΢΢ͷĺ촽ڹŷϹҪҺһ˯ɡ
Ĺǣһ˵飬˵꣬ڹŷ׹һȻ󿩿Ц˹ŷ廳ס
Ȼˮȴ˲佫ŷؿڽʪ
ΰŵСҲ֪Ӻ߽ŷԴӵ뻳ͦε˫ѹţȴջ󣬶ֻ뽫ŷ˶ӵԼĻԼΪһ塣
ʪʪģ룬ҲѾ档
ŷһ̾͵ػֽεĽҲӵסŮ죬ȴƿԡ
Ůһ̲ס޵û찵أ޵ýֱ޵òʡ
ϡϹˡˡҲˣǻĥѣһûСأ¡
Ů޵ӹŷ廳̧ͷ涣ǰϤףŹ죬Լ򽫴ӴҲӴҲ޷и¶ʱʱ۵Ķ鴤


1046 ˣ
ʵŷһֱ֪ǰοԼʵϣԼΪ£Ϊ־塣
֪ͬ־ԴͷԼһֻΪ˰οԼΨаݿ־ǿѹĵס
죬ս٣Ҳܲסʹޡ
ŷ壬ȴֻнסǵĬȻ
һΣŷ岢û˵οĻΪ֪еİοһ̶Եò԰
ϹԲǲӷˡ
֮󣬶ŮȻ̧գ涵ص
ŷ΢΢һЦḧǻգûУķգʵ
˵ŷѾǺٺһЦ
ŷģŮûΣֻŷ˵ķգʮأʮŮأҪζ㸺ӣ㸺Ůɣ
ͬζ߹Ůͬɰġ¸¸¡
˵˵ţԼЦղıȻʧ
ᡫ
ŮͬʱȭһϦ
²˳٣ھȥȥ
˵꣬ѾǱŮȻֱչ˲ƣ˲Ƶ˷䵱С
󣬾䵱һЦŤȻǴϢ
ɫ

жԶ
ھ粻֪Զ޾ǿյУӰ˲ţһʵ
ŻҪʱɡ
м˻ش
ߺߡ죡Сٿ죡
һ˺˺ߣ
ǺǣİɣһΣһǸΣԿСӺЩ£

߽硣
ֱ߽ԵλãѱȺռ
Լһɨ򣬲಻١
ȻһӴĸԴޣ࣬Դޣ˿̶ûһ˷ټĳأֻз
еĿ⣬ۼ˶ǰǵ޳˶Ӱ֮ϡУҪôȡҪôݡ
ŷ˫ӥɨǰ
򣬾ƫ֮Ķս˴ҲԶԶ
ǣǰһӢǿߡ¾㵱Ϊı켶Ҳٷ֮һ
ģĳͨ磬Բ磡
Ҫһǣǣȫ
ٹ죬ӭʷΣ
ŷͳԲԵɤ鲼ȫܣûҲϣǵĵˣǰҵǿ
ǣ˾Ҫ
ǣ˾Ҫ
ǣ˾ҪԼǣˮ֮
ܣ
ŷԽ˵ԽǸ߰󼸺Ǻģǵļ԰ǵ޶ĸˡֵܣ
ҪػĶ¾ǵһݣҲģԲ˼̤
ԣҹŷ壬֣صʣǣҪ
ɱɱɱ
ŭ
˫Ŀ죬ɱ졣
ܺãôǾ͵ս֮Уȴǵĵ
ŷ巢һŭһһϤӰ
ȻȻȻתƿ֣ս֮зȥ
սǺǣԭڲսڣȴ޾ǿյս
Ϊʤܣǣ޾ǿ߰ٶʮˣ
ŷһȣȻи߲Ա
ΡɡĽ졢罣졢һ졢塢սɷġȵȵȵȡ
Ǹ߲㣬нӽһˣһˣǹŷ׽ˡ
߲ԱҲ뿪֮漴Ա
ǣԼӳжӳСӳţɵ
ҲǱ켶Ϊ˸ھѹʲôġ
ƺƵ޷˵ƣսıԵλãȻȫΪᶨ޾ǿĳȥ
Ǹķ
˶˷
¾ǹŷˣˡ
Ϊʱ˵鶼ЩأҪ֪һˣͳˡ
С壬ǹƻмܵ
ȻһԴʦ
ŷתͷȥͼҲԼǻشҵԤûĻ죬ǣˣ
졭
˶һȻȫٴαüž
һ̣ûԸ˵صĸоҲ˲ȫ
Դˣŷ岢ûж˵ʲô
ֻ˫֣סԶŮС֡
СУǺ顣
ʱһһعȥ
ʳǾ仰֮ȫһֱżž
Ҳ֪˶á
Ȼŷоʱһ˫磬͵̧Զȥ
Уغȵˣ


1047 
ŹŷһȣʶķӦ˶ڵһʱ令Դ
ԶԶģͿӰٶ
ǳֵһɲǣŷȻеһһ˵ΣϢ
ΣյԴͷԴмԬӣ
Ǻǣλϸ磬ּˡϴλ޾ǿɻ죿
Σսɱ⡣ڴսʼ֮ǰӰһһ֣Ӱһ֣ҲͶһֵʤ㡣
ȻⱻǱܴ飬ٱŷ޲ŭ
Ƣ𱬵ϵָŹŷŭȵСӣҪΪϷˣҵһ޵ˣ
ߣҲǴ˶ѣһÿ
ŭͦϵġԹŷԣһͷʧ̬ʨӰˡ
Խʧ̬ŷԽǸˣͷһЦϷˣôϷˣأֻСҿλϸ綼ôһˣ֪ϵƤˣϳزӣҲ˰ɣ
ԣΪλϸ룬ҾͳλȥİĵطΣɷ飬кβԣϷˣ֮˵
ŷԽ˵Խ˳벻֪үүսʦɷˣŷҲΪ
ߣСӣ
һ¿ɰòᣬĪκκԬӶˣжһɫʱǣ
ݵöԣСӣգؽ֮أ
һŭһ̧׼ռЩȫų
ֻŷ֮أҲ֪ϴ˭Ҵƨģ׼ޣȻɥ֮Ȯ֮أЦЦƤ֮ҲΨжΪ
ŷ֪δǵʹɣϴǼ˵սԼһˣ仨ˮǱⱲĪ衣
Ȼŷ˻֮ٿŷһĿԼ˵ˣĪκԬӶˣѾʧ̬
ȥ
һŭ˾ͬʱ̧֣âʱγһƬѹѹư㣬ֻǴԼһ¾;Ʋǧ˴Σ
ǧ򣡣
Աȹŷǧˣһһ̵Խûˡ
Ȼǧˣ˴Լǻ缶ϵ֮⣬ģȫǱ켶
Լ֮ǰԤҲȷûˣĵȷȷŸԵĵơ
ϴԼȥɱѾɱµĻ缶ֻʣһˣҲֶˣң˿Բ缶ģ
ˣȻǼԱһϣ
ŷһ
ΣԴޣֻҰԱصء
ԴҪԸģıڼĵˡ
ֻҰǼٱڼȻЩֻǱ켶
ģĲˣ
ŷԳ֮ɫĵױˬˡ
һЦȵ
һδҪġȻ˿ôұûвȫĵ
ŷһЦһ֣ءºƵһһˣ׷׺ٺЦ̤ǰȻȻ鵱У͵һ
һſ˿ˣҲͰˣȻܵŻǡ
ŻҲͰˣ޾ǿտɰޱȵʯǳűˣǲĪ
ȴǶеģɤš
һ˵ԬˣԼǧһһ㶵ģ췴Ӧ
󣬱㴫ص˵ŭгºΪֱӣֱӾǡ衯ˡɶģεһŮֻ࣬ҰôЦ
ЩԴޣҲһǼԻı飬˳Ц
ʵŷ尲һȻ˵ס
ǶԷ̫ǿΨԴ˰취ܹܵǵľʤ㣬Ҳͽܶࡣ
Ҳûа취еİ취£ֻҾһа취Ϊȡһơ
ңҲǹŷģʦЩϺꡣ
ֻԬ˹ʺƵݾܿЧӦû
㲻
һ֮£׳嶯嶯ħ仰ѵû˵
ڼ
ˣھȻ֮ڻع
ĪκΡ϶ͬʱŭһȣȥȫɱȥ
ǰһ䣬ǶԹŷ˵ġһ䣬
ǵ£ǧȣ󣬱ȳ棬żɱ


1048 ս
սʼ
ȻԷ˶Ӧŷ֮ⷽʱȴֻҰˣȻǰһһȻǰʮâ
ֹâڳ˶ǳϤǽ˴ӷռٳŻֵġ
Է˶һ
ѵŷֹǰô㣿
ܿǾ͵õҪĴ𰸣֮ʱ⼸ǧˣ޲ɵɵԭء
Ԭ˿֮Ҳ׷׳ͣеθһӿ
ٳģȷˡ
һ٣мʮ
ȴȫޱԸУŨױĨġ
ˣ
ҲͰˣΪЩˣһĨˮŨˮζڿռ֮սж˿˼ǧ˵ıǿ׵С
⻹ɶЩ޵ˣ¶ļëȱë׳ĴȣˮͰģȻвɿϵƤ
öܼˣ
Ȼ沿ȥȴԭһͿӰ֬Ĩ˺촽ͷӣ
ðɣϾ⼸ǧҲǿߣʺǿӲһĻҲ̫ܲס
ǣΪҪŤǵ֫
ǣΪҪһŤ֫һ߳ǹָͷ
ǣΪҪһŤ֫һ߳ǹָͷۡǣ
ǧһȫȺɧ޵ġ֪ΪΣֻѪҺֱͷθжֱ
黹ûꡣ
Ŷߡš
Ȼһ͸ˡÿһ˵ĶУ͸˹裬˵ģ˵ǹŷ壬⼸ʮŨױĨͷ׳ͬʱˡġʱֹס˸ǡġ˹ջ
Ż
Ҳ֪˭ôһ£˲䣬Żۣﻹ뵽ȥһʱ䣬Է⼸ǧ޲ݷף
Ԭˣ˿ֹסЩ΢ȻǶĵģȻҲޱȣȻǿƥڣǱġ
ﵽ˭ô⣿ٶһ㲻
йͬ뷨
ƺΪӡ֤ǵĻȴʹԸб¶ļʮӣŤǵȻǧ˷ȥϾԴޱȵЦݣǽһ졣
ɸǣ⼸ǧˣ⼸ʮǬûһߣȻ߷֮޲𲽺ˣ¶֣ҪԬڳܵһɶˡ
Ǳۣ˼ҺüįÿŶ
⼸ǧǿߺ޶־ɫף⼸ʮӶʱΪջں
Ҳ٣ٿûٿҼӴ㣡
һ̲סˣԬֲˣǸˣΨһؽסгǹҧгݵ
ôоĵƺǺ㣬ȫһɫģ
ŶƨƨŶһء
һСǶģԬӼΪƵġǳƺΪӰɣΪģʵǾ˵ģ⼸ʮˣݹġ֮ģôôݣ˵ˣ濴ˣʵ֮ǰǸӡ
ȻԷȴ֪˻ٿջ󵽹ĶҲ̲ס۵ֿʼ˿¡
һĻڷŻµҲٴδ˷þòϢ
⼸ʮˣҲ𽥱ƽ
ԭҲеθＫȲ񺮵ԬӣȻʲôоһæȵ˶ˣ
û̫һ㡣
ֻУѾǳƽļʮˣȻͬʱ̧һӡ
ȻһһŶֻð֮⣬ǼǧȫС
ǹâ֮ʱԬĵײ˿
ΪǹâǴӷռٳ˵Ĺâ塣
ֻҪͻȻкһǿߣôӦòʲô⡣
ԬˣЩվԭûǲ֪ʹʱĵЩˣҲ֯ЧĻԹ
Ҳ̫ģЩվֻСΪַܹΪǻȡôʤʡ
Ȼǳ룡
ţǾͲ̧ۿȥ뿴⼸ʮ֡ˣʲô
ֻһһδˡ
ȴ⼸ǧ˵ͷ֮ϣͻȻһɼȵĶ
Ȼһһ硢һƬһƬ£˲佫⼸ǧ˵ȫʪ
⻹㣬ϣٹЩڻ֮ͷϣһҲʣ
⼸ǧ˶һ̧Ȼֿ˿
Ż


1049 ɽ
ЩǱģһй
ˣ
һէȻ쳹ȫͼһԭ欵ӣȻݱ䣬֮ûκԥٶˡ
ȻǵΪûһǬģڽٳ֮ʣֻҰߣѾһϡ
ˣҲᱻռӰ졣
˵ûκԥûκγɡ
ͬһʱ䣬ԴޡֻҰԱԷ·벽ǰ󣬺ԥչ˷񹥻
ںˡһɲǣԬ˾ѾӦ˹
ȫҹ
ȻǵĴ󺰣ûЩ˵ľһŻ£һ߷ؽϡͷϵй֮Ĩȥ
й֮ֲһʯͷǻҳԽĨԽǲԽǶࡣ
ԭֻһһͷһĨ֮£ϡϰȫմȾ˺ڻƵʺѬ졣
ʵҪ˵Щٱ켶ΪߣҲ˲
ǣ˵Ǳ켶ˣǻ缶էȻһµʺһƬƬµմȾһҲĵú޲ĨӰ
رЩʺǶ˱ǵϡʺܿ滹ûȫĲˣرЩ򻹶ƵģɧѬ죬вȻߣɧȵġ̵Ķζ
Ż
һ£Ǻ޲ýԼŻﻹȥԬ˵ʲôƨ
Ҳ˶ͷŻµʱ꣬â籩һ¡
һ̣˶Ӧ˹ǣһжˡ

ҽвڶȻһƬһƬߣ·ոһƬƬ¡
֫ϱۣѪҺ࣬Ưû޾ǿյУҽͬ޵
һ֣ǧˣ˲ʱһϣ
Щ˼飬Դޡߣô˱أ
ǲҪˣͲ˵ԴûһͷǵԲİɣ˵ֻҰߣ乥ֲ֮һʮˣһжʮ˵ĵز
Ϊּ𣬹ǿԿƷġȻܳ٣һȥնɱĴ֮ǰûκģ
ǣˣɰʲôϡ顣
ȻɱЩˣ˼һǻ缶ϵ֮⣬ģֻǱ켶ġ
˲ˣǧ˵ʲô̫ʧҲ̫Ӱȫ־ơ
ȴʣµЩȻѣ͵ƺսС
Ȼ׼ӲסеĶģŭ׼֮ʱȴ֣һֵĹٴ¡
ৡ
ҽٴꡢâɱ¾š
ʹһѾγЧصֿʧ˰ʮˡ
ʣµˣչķ
һʱ䣬âҲֻҰԴⷽ˵
ֻҰԼԴȴû˿η壬ֻҰԱУȻǧԽڶηصֵһǧԱǰ
Щˣȫĸߴ׳˶֮ʮ׵ףֳָ߾ףʮ׺Ķƣγһϣй߱
Ҫ˵ЩߣʵֻҰΪߡʵǿġ
ˣǴ󲿷ֶԲ缶ģûһǱ켶µġ
ټƵסƣ˵ģ⵽ʮϻ缶ǿߵļ幥򣬾޷ƿ
ǧ켶˵ˣۺϹȴҲʮ缶ϵ߼幥
ǣЩߵĹȫֻҰⷽһǳԴǷȥġңǵĹҲ룡
Ҳ˵ǲûƿ˵޿ܣ
ٿԴǷ
ȴ֪ʱͬǧ֮һɽӴ׳˶ԴޣͬСһЩԴޱ
ϣȻҲףǣȣȴﵽ˾˵ף
˵ȴﵽףɴЩӴޱȵԴϣȴԵÿţָоͺñȴſ׵һ㣬ǵЭһӰǵĶ
ǧˣԬӡϡĪκˣԭء
˵ֻҰ⼸ǧߣһݵĻô⼸ǧԴޣʲô
ɽ
治ţ
ַƣ
£⼸ǧ뻮һĹڶʱڹɣ
һʱ䣬Ԭ˵Ĳ³ƣͬԼ֮ǰǰֹۣǰɰ


1050 ʲô
䣡
Ҫǧʯǳ飬֮ĿâĿ̶ȣ˺ü̫Ĺâ
âɢȥŵһĻˡ
ֻҰߣǧ׶ַ˼Ťע֮£ջȶ
ǣԴǱأ
Ȼ⼸ǧԴޣ޷֣ƾǱϴǽף棬Ҳֻͬ޷һζѡȻ󣬱ƽ
ԴޣֻҰԱһˣҲһ־壬׷׳ؿŶԷ͵ļǧˣϵĹʩš
죬ҽУâҫۣâ
һֻأһǧԴԼһǧֻҰԱϳ֣ͳһʩţγɵĹ޼ǿ߶Ҵ⡣
һ֣ǧˣٴʧˣ
˵ʵϣǧ˿ʼٴʧˣʵ˲ʱ䣡
ּǿߵĶսٶж죿룬һˣ
ֻҰԼԴޣǾѵģٶȣͳһ̶ȣɲ·ǧ˿ɱȵġ
Ԭˣǳ׵ˡ
ÿҪγ֬
ܺãܺãȷǵ͹ǵʵ
ԬҲ̲סɭɭؿڣĿͬĶ߰㣬ŵȻĹŷ壬ѹҧýεֿһΣҲؽ
ʲôҸСӣ
ԬһŭŭϡĪκκԥؼԼֱչ˲ƣӰʧԭء
ŷһηҲͬһ˲ƣʧԭء
Ĵȴش벢ûֻͬҰսи߲УסǲҪսֻôָսɣ
µһֳ̣޴;޸źۣڷ裬ħĹŷٴγ֣Ҳ룬޸һ򽻲׵ĸâͬ£žƣǰһն
ߣ
ԭһգȻԬӵһߡ
ͼԬӡĪκΡƾճ֣γŹŷж
ȻԹŷ⹥ȻܲˣҪ֪һͬ⹥ζҲԲܣܵ˶˵
Լͬģ˲ܣͬʱʩų֣ͬһʱ䣬ǵĹҲֶŹŷϮ
ʵزѾûʲôâ֮ˡ
ǽââʲôâԵȷ棬Ѿࡣ˭˭Ӯֻ˭ǿˣ
˵Ĺŷأ˿⣬һȣһʮ˲佫֮У˫ٶʩţ
䣡
˫Ĺײһ˫Ҳû˭ȥ㡣
ŷâȻǿ󣬵ǱͬʱֵֵĻҲֻǽֹƣǱûκ˺
˵ϹҲֻǽŷֹѣҺֱܿƷҩ洢
һ£У
ŷĹֶˡ
Ĺȴֻǹ˹ŷ֣
ңŷһֹȻٶȹȥǵĹŸոϣ
ʵһжҪ鹦Ʒϵơ
˵ʮƷ֮ÿһƷ֮ĲȻСƱϾڡ߳ƷƣӲӲĻŷ˿ǣ
Ԭˣɸ
һΣʵʧˣһǴʧ㡣
Լǧˣƺ޷ѹ̬ݻٹŷˣ޷ѹ¹ŷ壡
һУԶԶ֮ǰԤڡ
ѵ˵ڶҪǶɣ
͵һԬĿ䡣
ȴ˵ɣʵڲУ㶯ǶҲһҪӻڴˣ
ٶ룬ٴۣڹŷĸâ֮ʱǵĹҲַɳ
ֻǹѷɶʱ򣬹ŷĵָâȻϣ
䡭
һĻٴݡ
еĹظ
һУֻ˭ֵܼˡ
ܹʵŷ˻ɱǵȻᶯǶ
ˣսһӾ˽״̬
ҽвڶֻҰԴⷽڻɱ˶Է֮߰ڳ
ϾţҲбƵʱ
ȻһĻȴԬǷٶ˳ɵС
òףʧ߰˵ĴۣڻɱֻҰʮˡԴʮͷ
ɻûü˷أͼԭȥЩ˺ЩԴޣ˿ʲôģȻʼ˸ԭ
ֵһĻˡ
ȥЩ˺ԴޣӡȻٶվ𣡣
ҡ٣ʲô


1051 Ļƻ
ǧճɵɵؿŸոòʱȴӵʢƶײֻҰߺԴޣһʱ䣬Դһҡ
ֵҲ˲ļӿ
ɱˣ̫˾˰ɣ
ҪȥЩǶɱˣ
ǻëߴ⼸ˣѾǧ˸ǱޱȣˣǼȫɱˣ
ԶŷսԬˣһĻҲĿ࣬ĿⶼЩ
Ǽʶ㣬˵¼ʶΪḻˣǱδ
ļ䣬̲סһɿ־塪
ҪǹŷҲЩһ
⵽ôһ£
Ԭ˸оԼҪˣӦŲߵ飬Ϊµͷȴô⣡
ɵ˰ɣҺҵˣȥɣͿ˭ŻЦ󣡡
ŷ嵱ȻŹôһǵĻᣬһЦйӿ񱩰Ե˿κδϢĻᡣ
ͬʱҲڷؼεԼֵܹǸ
ʲôȫɱ˭ܣҵˣһϣ
ȴԬӶǼǧһЩԭѾԳߣ׷һҧòٴǰ
ȻŷĻҲʱȫǲ£ʲôֻҪڹ鵽ⷽȻҽȫնɱҹŷڴ˱֤Բôǵˣ
һ˵˶⶯ѡ
Ҫǹŷⷽչʾĸ涼ĵײ˾۹˸ȻȨס
һĻԬӡϡĪκǲζˣ׷һȣΪ̬Թŷչ˷
ŷȻ壬ȫȻˣԵһչֵ쾡£㲻ܣǺӲӲĸգզΣ
ŷոĻȻ˲Сá
ʼֻмʮ˴룬ӵ˼ǧˣֱӵʮ
Ȼ࣬ǵļ룬ɶʣµļǧ˵ǿ֮һʱ䣬Ҳû֮ǰôƴˣҲû֮ǰôʵˡ
ʹԭûʲôµǣսһӽ˺üɣʣҲӣ
һֱڡ
ֻҰĳԱûиǽʣһǧŰٶˣ޲һ𣬵֪ˣȻֻҰⷽ˿ٶȸȴΣ
ɱ˵أϣôˣҰЩȫɱˣ
ǱߵȻԬ˵ע⡣һϲشȣͷľʯ¡
˵ʵ֮ǰԼҲúܣ
ŷȴûر飬ԤϣҲٶ˵ʲôӲգֻ֮˭ֵܼʤ
ս𽥽Ȼ״̬
ʱ䣬ҲҽСš
սеˣ˵޲ЩͨͨһĴڣȴÿÿ붼ȥ
ƵǡĻƻ衯
սһֱҹ
ڵʱֻҰԴʧ󣬻Ұֻظ߲㣬ȫԱսУ
ΡɡսɷЩŷ׵ˣ
ŷ岢ûȥֹǣΪ֪£һ˾ͶһΨʤĿġ
ΪʹˣֻҪʤˣԼҲţôԼٶȽǸ
̧ۿһ˫Ա
ԷԭǧˣѾֻ˻սš
ֻҰЩԴޣҲֻǧ˶ѡ
Щ˳һʣ
ս֣νҡ
˵ŷԼս
ҹּǿʮֻ񣬴˿ҲѾߡ
ԬӡϡĪκˣѲ֮ǰģһͷɢ·ãǱޱȡ
ŷԼҲģڵֻʣһ㡣
ƷҩʣЩȴΪս;Уŷ岻עµԭ
ǰƷҩ¾Ѿһˡ
ԬҲȻԼö٣ݶԵ÷ǳ԰ףҲԶԶûǰϬˣľס
ԬҲˣѾʣ޼Сʵ̫̬ˣһ˵Ȼܹȵ
ȿڵģĪκΣʩųһ㼱紭Ϣ˼£æԬ˵
ǰʵ̫ǿˣҿʹֶɣȥƽҲ˵һ
ظ͵
ԬԺжȻһ⣬ĬĬص˵ͷãȻˣôһɣ
˵꣬˫ȻһӣһâһϴСĶҲͻȻǰ


1052 ǿվʯ
һ͸ˮ塣
ͨԲ⻬羵ɢӨӨ׹⡣
Ȼǿȴô޷Ĵڡʩųĺ嫲ƺ߱Իصһ㡣
Բ򣬹ŷ͵𶯣һɼΪԤͻȻӿ֣־壬Ҳ˲ĵס
֪ԼǰʱĪ־ˣԭ͸ˮԲ
⵽ʲô
ŷ˻ţԬǱߵһĨЦ֪ԼԲԴУ
ǣԼû˶׸βܽǰⳡΣأ
ֻԿǸ취ղЧˣ
硤ʽ
һŭȣâٶȻһΣȴֱֱǸˮԲȥ
ùŷе⣬ַ·֮е鷢ˡֻԬԼĹȻǳˮԲȥʱɫ޲䣬Ҳ룬Īκζ˱ͦԥصˮԲǰ
رǿϵľ֣ŷѾ֪ˮԲ򣬾һޱȿֲܻԬ⣡
ӦģȻ֪ҪʹˮԲԸԼһŷѾֻ֪Ҫа취߶ˮԲԸԼĻôԼҲ϶Ǳɵģ
أ
ǸâĪκζ֮ϣʱƿǵ֣Ȼٶȹϡ
ƿ֮Ѿ˰˳ɣʣɵԽôģֻǿѪαǧ׶ѡ
ǿվʯ
˵ʱ̣Īκ϶˽ҲԶԶԬӶ˵һݣ˫ۣ˫ֺȻǵˮԲ֮ϣ
ŷĵ׵ΣǿңˮԲͻȻųͬһĴ۹â֮ʱȻʧɫ
ΪȻˮԲҲʲôǿվʯ棬ܵǵĵȷȷڵĻصƣ
ǻأ
ǿֲĲùŷɣһ⹥ԼԼԻʱɢ
Ļɢ껯Ƭǳϣ
һ̣ŷĵǿ־ġ
⻹һԼĸ֮ص궼ˣȥ
УԲǳɹֲĶ
ŷ嵱ݺһҧҲ룬ʮ硤ʽɳһӾͽڽʣȫһգ
ŷҲ˲ήѾû˹һε
ס
ֻԬһŭӰȻˮԲǰ
ˣȻϺĪκζˡ
һΣ޲ݴδеأ֣ǺĵʩŶ
˲һգǵ飬Ҳʱή
ʱֻҪһͨ缶ǿߣܹ׽ǻɱ
㾡ȫķҲȷӦеá
ʮâʮգ۾ײһ𣬱Ҳ
ڴ߷ǿվʯ޷ԬӣⲨ˺ü
ŷĬȻţѾû˿취
ԶҲߵ״Ƕܵǿվʯ̺Ŀֲѹ
ѹǺ乥ǿȵ״ﵽʲô̶ȣ˶һͣйߡ
Ϊ֪˿Ѿȫû˼սıҪŷԬ˵ս˭ʤ˭˫ʤܡ
񣡽ˣǣҷԬֵд
ԶԬһĴЦȻ״غ֪ʲôҲ֪ǿվʯ֪ǿվʯʲôǿվʯ޾ǿյ
Ҳ˵޾ǿһУǿվʯ֧ţʵ壡
ǿվʯ浽̺Ŷôǿ𣿸㣬ͷһΣԽһݻ٣
޾ǿεżȻô֮ʱδΪʹõһ죡֮£Ҳ컯ˣ
ԬžԹ˵һͨŷҲ˽ǿվʯʵ
ԭССһ޾ǿյĻʯ
ֲȻӵ˺˵ڣҲֲԼԤУһⶫ˲ͻ𣬸޷
ŷǣ¶һ˿Ц
ڽˡ
תͷΡɵһ֮ˡ
ȴȻ֣˭ϾǶûһ˿η֮⡣
еģֻǴݵ΢Ц
ŷˣؿᶨΡɡսɷХᡢշ̻ϵˣУһӱžһƽ
û˿


1053 Īκ֮
ǰǼȻԸԼͬһ¸ʲôһŤʲô
һͨеˮȥЩ΢ЦӣҲ΢΢¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻתͷȻ״̬֮еԬӣޱȵĪκԼϣʴЦǇNɪʲôˣһǧ˴ˣջ֪˭˭أͿʼˣ
㲻ǵƤΪ֮ǲǸоԼţҪԼţɱҰүģ
ŷ˼ɵؿǵĳޡ
ֻϣܹƨŧȻ󲻹һеȫԼ
ţǿˮţţ޿Ƶʩš
ôܵȵڲóһʼͺԼأ
ԣһйԼɣԼܹΪһˡ
뼤ң뼤ҷŹЩˣ
Ԭȴһ۾Ϳ˹ŷͼ˿ûģٺЦ벻ȻҲ棬ұûǿվʯЩ˵뷨ģǣԸԼҪǲʹȥҲʵ̫Բˣ
ŷɫʱһ䣬ɫȴûٶ˵ʲôҲûʲôٶôԬӵһһ
ô˵ˣЩҲʵȻҲлԵǿվʯ֮£Ҳֵˣ
ŷԽǲˬԬӱԽˬ
ʵȴǶڹŷʵ̫̫ˡ
ƾʲôЩˣͷǵ꣬ĥѣܹ̤۷壿
㣬һֻаʮСӣʮ࣡ǵ߹ԼЩŵ߹·̣ǿü
ƾʲô
ԬԽԽޣԽԽǷ񲣬ʱǿվʯҲתεڷ
ŷȭͷʱ߬ȴûжڵȴ
ԬӣɣˣǿվʯֻʹΣҵλԲʹãһʹãǣ޾ǿնΪһƬް
Ȼʱļٵŭ𴫱ȫȴԭĪκζˡ
Ǹӱ죡£ָֻţ
ȴ룬ԬֱŭȥٺЦţкȻųޱѪĹâģ·ǾԲʹõεģһμȻԬ˺õĻᣬұϧ
Īκζ˿ʼԬ۵ͻȻĿɱ֮ʱʱ׷ɫ䣬ŭȵԬӣ㵱ɥĲȻǶɱ
ΪβɣСˣҲˣ޾ǿգɲԬһ˵ˣ
ʱҿ¼䣬˭ΪУұ²ԶԬӵĽ£
ԬӹһЦĪκζ˾ֵɫУɫͻȻٱŵͬΪǿ˶꣬ҲǸˡԡ
ȥɣ
һ仰£ֻԬӺȻ־ǼâɳޱĶɱȥ
ǾǳԬöܵˣҲӰǿվʯ
ȡȡ벻벻ҵȶˣȻͬУ
һ£ֹԬӣĪκȻ
ǧ㣬û뵽Ȼһ³Ҳֻ֣̫⣬ԬĻ̫񶾡
ЦɫȻһ䣬׷¶ĪκθǷغԬӣȻ˶񶾣ôҵȶҲһᣡ
꣬ͬʱһŭ𣬾ȫЩȻһ㲻һеسɫڴԬӳȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ǶͻȻ̧˫֣һͷٻѨһСڣ
󣬺ԥ£
蹷
ԬһŭȻ춯ص죡
ǿ񱩵ƣֱⷽԲڵһжݻ٣γһƬޡ
ŷǰʮֵȻתֱĪκζ˫˫ԱȻѡ
ԱѨΪ䱬ըԱ߱ǿһȡ
ַΨ׼ϵǿ߲ʩչΪҲΨ׼޼ǿߵǿ꣬
Ҳ˵ԬӣһӾͳĪκ˵ǿһ
һֵģ
ŷ۾ʱæſӦȴʧط֣ԬӵϢȻѾ΢ȴɻڡ
âɢȥ
ϡĪκư۷ǿߣȻʬǶ޴档
ٿԬڷȴһȫ㣬ֻʣѪܵȻƯڿУ
˫֣ʱǿˮڣѾһ˿òΨͨġ˫ۣԼԬӵģ


1054 ֮ս˭Ц
ͻȻԵת䣬ʹȫ˶ˡ
ŷȴӦ촽ٶ򼺷
һʱ䣬γɵһЩ֮ˣԼµԴ޺ֻҰæԥˣԶ˶Է
Ȼǲ֪ŷ嵽״ʲô⣬ȴûκγɵִˡŷȴþЩæٴνǺ˵
ǣԷаٹˡôԶľ룬ŷʱİ
ߵĶڽ˵ԬӾѡ
ĿһޱȴΪɭ˵СӣֵŶٺ٣ȽҲˣ¼䣬ɾһ˵ˣ
˵˵ţ̲סٴηЦȻѪ֮ɫٴβգ͵ȥɣǿվʯ
ǿվʯԵķ򣬲ǹŷߣγɵǱߡ
ԬӵɥĲˣȻҪùŷȾʹ࣬ȥ
ҲǹŷҪģ
ǿվʯԭĿĹâԬӵһ𣬹â˲øˡ
һֻȭͷСĹͻȻǿˮǿˮĹâҲ֮һ

ԬѪֺܵȻεڷλһָ
򣬾ֻʣôһ㻹ǿˮˡ
һ̣ŷûͷѾܵԹ޻ڡ΢ЦؿԼıӰ
ŷʱҲ¶һ˿΢Ц
ȻȻһ𣺡ڶ
Ϳһֱһǧ׵ĺڶէȻԬࡣҲǼڵķǿˮЩ֮䣡
ֱ֮ĺڶֲȻӹɣ򼴽ǿˮһɲǣֲʱŹ˸泯ڶ
ûɺڶĿֲҪ֪ڶκȥģȻҲһܹȻΪ棡
Ȼڶ֮ʱǿˮȻǰٶȣźڶȥ
ֻʱŷһǺڶȴէȻʧٶȴɲû˺ڶ֮Ǽˣѳ˹Ŀꡣ
һ̣˶˹ŷ⡣
Ǽˣ޲ݴͣ
ԬӣҲͣǳŭ
εˣȴǸûκβΪڹŷԶǼ˵ʱǾ֪ŷ϶˽ǵİ취
ŷ壬ԭԵޱήٵľǿпسֱǧ׵ĺڶ֮ûˡ
ڣ¾ǽйŷ嶯һָѾûпܡ
ٿ
ĹٶȲǿ쵽ۿ塣ǣȴһܡ
Ϊʱ˶̺ܵĺôܣҲܲĻΧ
עӵУֻȭͷСĹֱԽ⼸λáȴҲûзɳ̫ԶŷɳǧףȻͣ͡
ȻէȻǴ󣬶󷢳Խ۾Ϲǿҹâ
ûû𶯡
ǣǹըĹâȴӴգ۾ͽǼ˸С
ңڲš
ŷɫʱһ䣬ȫû뵽Ȼ֮㣬Ȼ֮ǰԬѾ˵ˣǿվʯһιԽһ綼ΪޣǱϾᷴӦֻҪʧһ֣ಿ֣ᱻ
ԣŷ²⣬ӦþԲһô󣬵ڿƺԼ´ˣ
ǣƺѾˣ
ڹŷаûŸոôٶԶһЩʱŵĹâȴͻȻͣ
ȻۿɼٶȼСɷôôȭͷô󡢼׿ǳôôգʧ
ٿǸոձâǹķΧ
ǼˣⷶΧڵʯǳȫһĩûˣǻޡ
һĻĹŷ壬Ҳ̲ס𶯡ⶫ̫ˡ
ҪʬΣ
Ԭӳ׷ˣģǧ룬Ҳ뵽˿ֲĹȻַŷƽ⣡
ŷҪǼԼǵ޷ɱԼҲͣ
ԼԸͬھ
ɫήޱȵĹŷ֮ʱ͵һϣ
ҲСûжˣ
пϲ֮£϶񶾵ЦεţȻֳ̧Źŷ˻ӣٺ٣һأҿƽ⣡
һ£֮һǿˮٴγһȭͷСĹȻġ֮롭


1055 һҪúûţ
򣬹ŷΨʣЦ
ȫʢʱڣֻҪԬӸʩţԼİողǸƽ⡣
ǾѾ㡣
Ūһһ״СĺڶŷҲ
һ̣ŷûη壬Ψһ˿Ӻǵ
뵽ǣ̲סתͷ뿴һۡ
ȻĿģȴǡৡǰӰ
ȴΡɡʦȵһˣԼЩʣµļǧԴ޺ֻҰߣ֪ʱȴȻԼߣۺʯļᶨ׷עԼ
ŷȻжʱ󼱣æʲô߿ѵǲֻ֪ʩһ𣿵Բʩˣڵǻˣûи꣬Ҳ޷ָôʱ䣬㹻Ƕأǿˣ
ŷĻˣ֪ԼͬǣǵȫԱ⣡
ԼոշѾ֭ΪôһķԼոյȫ׷ˣ
֪ĹôëֱԬӸ͵ˣ
Сӣӱ죡
ŷŭ֮ʱȻһȴ־ݺһںϣĵùŷʱˡ
ɶ˭ң
תͷȥȴǴδԼʦɷʱŭָŹŷӣˮ͸ƵڹŷϣСӣǲΪԼȺ˹͵ΪԼǸӢˣ
ڸ㣬һܣӵݺ¡ݺҰ½ôܹ꣬ԼͽԼӵ棿
£ӸɲӻˣҲһĨ˲µȥѵСӣƤģСǲΪʵǿ󣬾ΪӲҽѵˣ
㣬޼ѵһѵڣӱ죡
ɷ໰ˮ˸ŷϴĹҲǴδ¶Ŀŭ֮ɫ
ǣŷȴޱؿʦǷͬװĴȰ
ɷ϶˵öԣ֧˾˸ƨ۵ģӰ۰Ů޸ˣˣѵŮػѣҪǿ̫ķϣһҲҪݺݽѵѵ㣡
սҲ״ָŹŷŭˮٴ˹ŷһ
Хᡢշ̻ϡȵһڹŷĳͬʱŭŹŷ壬ĸѩε̵ȵЩˣҲ̲סʼ
ڶս졢ĽףɳӡءѦ¡СȵһȺƽ֮ˣȻŷ壬Ҳʼŷ̫壬һʱ䣬νǿʷĭ꣬ŷܵö
Ȼŷȴ΢Цؿšţ֮ϣ֪ʱǻ伸ξӨҲ֪ǿˮˮ
顢顢飬λӣȺˣȺֵܣԼⱲӣˣ
ȻͻȻޱȵΪԼϵĿˮ߱㴫ŮĻϹమһ𣬱ѾͬߡͬѨغϣҲֿˡ
ˣΪεʱȴʳأΪû㣬Ƕˣлȥ𣿡
γɶŮǾһһңޱȵؿŰɣеİ⣬Ҫضڻ
̧ۿΧֵܽˣոջޱȼߵǣһȴȫлȰֿϻ΢ЦɵЦԼ
һ̣ŷĳױԼ˵ʲôأ
ãǾͬȵȣ
ŷһЦȻû˵ȴǺȻͣͣгŭؿˡֵܣһ̣Ƕôޣ
ΪȻʦүүĸֵܽáǼǧ¡ԴޣԼԼλӡ
۵ףȻһݾ
ƭң
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