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ӯӯȹϵܹͨӯӯߣԣԹĺô
һʱ䣬Դ̬ȣʱ
һԵķѩȻӯӯϵŲŲҺͷ
УγΪĵȦӡ
ǶԴԼЩֺõ̬ȣʱЩĶԻ䣬һǰ֡أü䣬֡
˽̸Ƭ̣һ䶯ʱһഫ
ȥֻһһɫʿϢӣʮĴ£ǹµ˳
ӣò⿡ʣϵŴ磬ܿ۲ƣɢǹǿﵽصĲΡ
Ϊ۳ѧԺλеһ
ȱѧ
֮ӣȱͶǧųõı»ʼѧԺǱ»ʼѧԺǰʮǿߡ
»ʼѧԺȳѧԺóһΣѧԺǰʮŵաѧԺλеһ¡
ţȱӺǧʮ֮һǬӣѪԵϵ֪Ǽ٣
ӵĵȺһ䶯ָ׷𣬲ڶЩ⣬һ⣬ǸոȺӵ£߽ȱ
Ȼȱѧˡ
ԭЩֵǰʱһ
ȱѧȻǳӯӯѧģȱѧӯӯѧ׷˾֪˵գǬΪ׽֮ˣؼʱ̣һٱ׳ɹն˷ģ
һᣬϳΪģâɣĿȱдĽ֮ɫ
ǬӣǧΪʮ֮һȱȻĺǬйϵ
һԵķѩ̲סķһ󾪺
Ǭӣ
Ǻεȳ͵
أЩѧԱԣѾǿһĶˣοʮأ
ǬʮصУϣٴԪΰȫ߱ͳѧԺѧԺԺƽƽʸ
Ǭϳϯⳡᣬ˵ӯӯˣӯӯĺ̨λѧԺĸԺҪԳúýӴ
ȱǬӼ䣬ӦһϵȻĻֳϷų˵뵽Ǭߵ
Ϊ϶
䣬ȱݡΪһ˿η
ǹȥк
ѩƳ£еѾһµĸ߶ȣƽȥڨȱʱ̲סǰҪʶλǱ޵óΪպǰʱ
ѧ㡭ȵҡ
ѩæϡ
ȱѧ
Դŵȱǰӯӯѧͬѧգףȱѧڴˣ³ɡ
ȱֻӯӯͬѧݣһס
Ҳ˶ѡ
ôһ򵥵ĵͷȴ˷ܲѣŷѩܿȱЩӵߵĴ鵱УԴΪ١
ȱ֪λʲôʱ򵽣
ȱһȥŴ磬ΪݻһЩṫʵ
ȱһۡ
ģҲ֮һƽͷѹһô
ȵῪʱԻˣһģұߵÿһǸұǰĴʱ䱦ܲŰɡ

ȱһλӵͷǬߵһеţܹԽսѧԺҲͼλԺǵȴʸ񡣡
˵öԣΪȻҪһǬǳſڣӯӯڹӣȻپܾıԺҲòǬӵӡ
һ˸͵
ʱǴζЦݣХҪ͹ŮˣҲԼʲôԣ
Хô
ȱǬ˰Լ棬ǲٽХУԻǼзȵ˵ХˣҲŲ츳ᣬѵأҵͷǸҵǲ⽫Ϊ׷ߡ
ȱӿңǵý赽޵ݲС
ХҲԼʲôݣҺȱ
˵Ҳǰ󣬲֪һȺèҵʮڴˡ
ˣæ͡
ߣһȺ֮
ڴʱһͻȻſڵλ
ţӣѸٵĴ˹
Ϊ˵һ˵϶ȱľХˡ
ˣһȥȻǱʮа˾ţХĸˡ
Х
ȱ˶ХޱϤǵĿ⣬ںХһǰϣԺвϵĶУŽӴЩһ߽ߡ
һԱȣȴûһܹϳ˵ݡ
ȱҪʱӵֶ࣬סȴ·ʲô̲סһ½ӣ


ڰʮ 
ţ
ХһǰģȻǴǰȥҹԱ½Ӻ׽ˡ
˽Լ֣Ŀⲻת˹ȥ
ֻǡ

ˣ
½ӣ
ȱ½ӵķӦЦ֣û˵Ҳ˵һСˡ
Ƕһǣԣ㣬ʶˣ˵˵½˭
ǣӡ
ȱЩǰΪԼܹȱǬߵĴϻ˷ܲѡ
Хоη֮ġ
ϾХǳĸ߽ߡ
½ӣ
ʲô
뵽⣬Լеֱӵӣ½ӣԴ֮ˣ꣬ԴѧԺһʿĳƺء
ԴǣƬɽҰ룿
ȱӣԴǣǡ֪
Ц˵ԴǣɽλǧһСǣ˿ڣʮӰɡ
ԴѧԺһʿƺʮ˵ð
½˳ȱǰЩǵ˼һء
˵꣬½ӿ۷ΪԴѧԺһʿţһǰˣһǰСүϵ˾Ϊȫʧ
˵⣬УЩʼɣֻǾ˵иãУ֪ͨʲôϵУΪһԱ
ڣ
ʥأôͷ
ֻǣ뵽ǰϢ½һǰ۷壬˷ϵΪһȥˣΪȫָҲءذˡ
ΪʥУҲֻûλͬڻһŵӰˣٶ࣬ڸ߲㶼ùһ¡
ХȻһ
ӣ½ӵ껹ԴѧԺһʿʱӯӯѧĶ֣ӯӯСϵӯӯҪ뿪ԴѧԺʱǰȥҹ
ȥһȱеɻȫ
ӣХ֪ҲǬӸݵĴˣȻˡ
ӯӯѣǲĴ㣡ֻǣѣӯӯƻˣԺԸ⿴Щ˲𡣡
ˣ̲סЦ
ӣʵϣʱ׷ңȴδҷ
ԥĽǰͬѧһЩЦóԼ
׷㣡
ȱȻ֪ν׷棬ô£ȹ֮ô
һʱ䣬Цֹ
ӣХûа취룬ų˻ˡ
ǰЩȫǬļģʱҲ
ӣ벻㣬㻹ʷ׷ߣԴѧԺһʿţʮ簡
ȱ˳ν޼ɵ׽½ӡХˣȻҲ
£׽½ӵĿⲻЩЦ
½ҲףԼʱҪ׷ˣǸϲǰŮӡ
ڵĵһ⣺ȱǬйϵ
һ˿ײ
ǡ
ػ½ѵХ
ȱǬǬıܣգҲǬӵλǰų档
ܣԶ֪мǧԶܰɣ
׽µǿúҲûбôٻԴˣᡣ
ߵȥַͨˮ
ϾҲˣҲҪ
Ǭôá
½ӵһ˵ˡ
Դˣ׽Щ죬һȺСɫȻ̣ȥһһնˡ
ºı֮ǿᣬȫɱˣǱΣ
½ӵ¡
½Ȼд㣬Ҳù档
ХӣԽԽȥˣм飬㻹֪ɡ
ȱտڲԵ½ӣֻΪǲԼΪУ²ᣬĿ䵽ХϣͬʱչԼǿߵѹֱѹȥ
ǰѾɹͻƵأ£ʤ㣬ʤ㣬ʤ㣬Ϊ֮ͬϣ㻹ƾʲôŮˣ
ȱȻٺõı츳ٶĲٸߵ츳Σ飬㵥ҡ
ɣһұߵЩˣһףʲôѹˣǸʱӦôӦӦҲôӦ
㡭
һѹˡ
ʱһһഫ˽
ֻһȥʮߣһһɫȹŮӣλѧԺѧԱͬ£
λŮӣġòʣ֮ѡȻ֮ΪԺ֮һķѩҲʤһĵҹе飬޹䣬ѹȺ
ա
ѧԺһǿߣա
ĸףǻԪǿߣȨ㳯ҰǧųǵУǵĴ֮һ
ŮӵĵٶȺ䶯бǲ궯ţǰȱĵһ֡
Ҫ֪գֹǱǧգݡң޿ޣȻȱһ֧ĵ̶ԣ޷ͻձȼ硣
ǧȡ
ҵҪѹˡ
ѧ㡣
ȱŮӣЩɵ
ձվŵģһλԪǿߡ
ȴκεطκ˵С
ȱХֶλྺҲܣѹˣ;ԣ˵Ǭӻ᲻£ᡭڣûͻƵԪ
ǡȻҵģӯӯ
ȱ΢΢˵ͷʱ򣬵˵ʲôǿ
ӯӯ
һѾһط½ӣ֣΢΢һתһХǣӯӯ
ǡ
ХæӦ
˵ҳƣɲХľ͸Ҳ½ӷ
׽ֳҪúöԴǿߣ֪Ǻݣкα
Դǵӯӯ
ǣӯӯǳԴǣԴһСѧԺѧԺѧ
ǡ
ХĻ½Щȡ
飬һᣬȻˡ
ӯӯ
½ԺиֳǸˬӢŮʿ
벻ǧųô죬Ѿ˲š
ХǰΪӯӯѧʶôװʲô⡣
ƲƲ죬м
գҲĿ䵽½ϣ΢΢ü
ǰμᣬ˭֪񡭡治֪Хġ
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׽ٶȿ½һۣӣҵˣһСǰͣıQȻܹͣңһȹȥٸҷȫҡ
ӯӯĿˣ벻Ϊӯӯǰ־棬Ҳòӯӯӡ
½ӻӦ
ֻǣֻ䵽УǾǿиɣֻ˵Щ滰
ӯӯѧӣ治Լʲô
ʱ򣬱Եץסᣬ¶һѡ
һǰϵ˾أΪ̤ʸûаɣХӯӯѧϵȻЩèۡ
ȱߵһӲм
ʱվһǻֵ͵˴һԺ䣬ֱأڣҽЩ˸ϳȥ
飡
ʱ׽ЩͲסˣһӣȻվһȺ㣬˷
ֻǣûһŮѾ洫˽·ǽĻѧֵ͵˴һԺ䣬ȷʵǻҽͳͳϳȥ



ڰʮ 
ѧֵ͵˴һԺ䣬ȷʵǻҽͳͳϳȥ
ſڴһβ裬Žʿȥ޵Ůӣһλݴͬ£˽
ӯӯ
ӯӯѧ㡣
ӯӯѧ㵽ˣУԺ
ⳡǣڵˡ
ӯӯĵ˵ĹעģХȱ˵ĶԹתƵӯӯϡ
Ͼⳡᣬӯӯǡ
ӯӯ
ӯӯȱæӭȥ
ˣüͷ֪ԼղǷˣǸӯӯΡ
ڡ
ֻǣӯӯȱֱӶٶȺһ
£λΪ˽СкηԸ
ҽ˸ϳȥ
ӯӯĿֱ䵽ǰڵǸϡ
λ΢΢һЩԥ
Լλӣɫޱѿ
ǧųУҲЩݣһ嵱Уи߼ߴڣʢ£Ǳӯӯϳȥδ棿պǧų㣿
ôҪٶظô
޶Եӯӯٶȵ
ʱҲˣհ죡
򵥵֣ıԼ
죬ӯӯ
Ϊӯӯġ
õյλ²ٻɣѸٵλߣλɣﲻӭǡ
λɫĿһۣգĿͣХ½ϡ
½ӡ
ݺݵĵһۺ󣬵תȥ
ӯӯȱǵﲻ
ߣ
ǻҵԼ׽¿ڣХȥϲǵݡ
ǣ硣
ХæӦ
ţ
ߵǸӣ׽һưոݵ϶ʱЦ
ǿ׽½̸ݸҲ߲ȥҲХһλˣµҪȥ飬ң֮ˡ
Ī壬Īҡ
һλҲıԼš
ǻõȱӯӯգһһǰصСԼѡ
кη壿
ܺãֱ©
׽̲סЦˣ֣һĴָ
Х˵Ŀ⣬ǳ
Ī塢Ը߰ģ˿ǰôЦ
׽
ʲôݣ
ºִ£ȼʮĴִµǻպ̨λԪǿˣҲƽƽʸ
СĪңӵһЩ߽߰ˣ׽ߵǼı£οܵº֮
ҪϻˣҾ㣬һɲҪߵ̫ˡ
Ķ׽©ķԼԡ
ţûкôҲš
ĪҲĵһ䣬һȥ
ֻǣǵЩ˲ֹûиеӦãˣµǣˣܱӯӯߣվ˲Сݣǳܱȼ硣
Ī塭
ӯӯüͷһ塣
ģѣѧԺΧǾܰȻ
յ˵š
Уȴһǿ󵽲ɵš
ǰ½ӡ׽֪½ӯӯѺ̬Ǵиơ
лս㡣
ӯӯ΢΢һ񣬶½ǰѧ벻㣬ʱһٺѧᣬҽľϲ
֪գЯ´лᣬȻϡ
½ӿӢ˲ŮӣǵЦĻӦš
ҪֻҪĽΪʧɡ
ӣ˵ˣΪϣӾԻ⡣
һԵ׽ЦŲ廰
һ۾ܿӯӯǸͻƲõΪ½ӿնɱսָӯӯ´ࡣ
ô
ӯӯð⣬УҪ̲סҪν½ӷָˡ
һ˿½ӺӯӯȻʶΪӯӯϧȱӣĪ塢ипХһźơ
һ㿴ХȱУѾʤһ
ӣ֪һֹϵҲû׼񣬵͸ˣŶŲЧ
׽˵ţһ鱦˳
鱦ɫһ֣·ܹڵһ㣬һ֪ǷƷ
˻ûп鱦ǺɼʶĻճƬ̣·뵽ʲô󾪵ǡľ񡣡
ľ񣡣
Żս鱦ϳȺвһɧ
ľǾƷ񣬶Ҽѹм۲ǧ𣡡
Ʒ˾Ǯܹ򵽣οǶľ񣡣
Ʒ񣬾Ȼ˽ƷΪ
ϴڶ
ȱڿ׽óľʱж֮ɫ
ǧı
λţûʸȱ
鱦̫ˣҲա
ӯӯʶľ񣬿ɾƷƷ֪ҡͷ
׽ʦ°ɡ
½뵽ܻӯӯһЩ鷳˵
£
ӯӯĿ½ӡ
һƷ½ӿ
ֹˣĿͬˡ
ӣ°ɣһѣαشС֡
ӯӯ½һۣգǻտڣӯӯȻλ̨һƬ⣬޲ɣƷڣȹصʱ䣬̡
׽óȱѾΣ׽½Ӷ˰ΣĪҿܴвԴر顭
ֻǡ
ܹóȾƷ˵ģĪܶԸ˵ģ
ղ˵½ӣһǰأϵΪֵһ᣿
ȱʱҲо½ӡ׽˻ûô򵥡
򵥵ˣͳƷ
˵ʵ½һǰȷʵޱǣǸصĽɫվǰûʸҶԻ
ǰľ棬ҲЩ¡
Ʒ
ǿǼֵǧľƷ񰡣½ӵѣóȱ

ȱĶԻӯӯ˸ȱ
뵽Ǽĳͻûʲôɫƺûμҵᡣ
ӯӯʵĻһ϶ʱһ죬ЩΨΨŵŵ㲻ǶԴЩͬѣ𡭡
ЩͬѣǸҲûͬѡ
ֱԲĻʹ˿Ŀ⣬ȫ޲Ҹطȥ
ǰվһѩ̲סֿһЩ롣
ؼʱ̣ȱˡ
һ١
Ī屻ˣٱߣȥ桢ǼĴպ󣬻˭Ըӵҡ
ЩС£գӯӯ䣬ЩСϷΪգֳǬӣȻԵȴҲǲλǰء
Ǭӣ
֣ȻŷͬѰ
һʱ䣬ֹӯӯգһݡ
ôſڸүء
ǡڴʱһ洫˽
ȻүУȴ־⡣
ˣȱϣǴϲˣˣұǲǰصˣãǿá
˵䣬æķӭȥ
ӯӯ»գǬӵͷ壬һÿΣ߽˳
˵һĮ֮ɫӣǬǬ֮һˡ
ˣˣһн¶˾η֮ɫ
ǰһֱŵ½ӣһ̣ȴǴһ˿Ȼ
ˣȷʵǬӵΪеһ½ʶ
λڴлǬӽѵǹ֡



ڰʮ ߸
۴磬˴磬ˡ
Ӱȱгϲ֮ɫ£ǻɡ
ǰΪ½¸汻Хѹƣ޷Ϣ£Ǭڿһչ֣ü
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տԺĶˣɫ΢΢һ
վһλԪǿߣͨǿߣԲô
Ǭ
ԶԶǿܱ⡣
ϣٳԪһɹһ죬ΪͨԪǿ֮ϵĴ
ڣʮصź̨ƽƽʸ
ûκ˵С
ӯӯһȱ϶ͨǬӵλһЩҪЩҪ̫񣬾Ӧŵȶס˵ºӳ顣
նӯӯС
ӯӯǧųһȻŹǬӵĴ£Ϊѵĵ˵ͷ
Ʊǿ
ʱ򣬲òȡᡣ
ү
ۡ˶ˣòԵĶȱ˵ͷ
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ǹַ۵ɫû̫
ȱЩΣǵ˵ݣԼڳУնѹȥƣͷ⣬æһ۴硢˴磬һλǽŮǣҵһλѧãӯӯ
ӯӯǰɡ
УΪ׵ĶˣĿת˺ͻվһӯӯһֲݾܾĿǵүҼҹӵıܣȻ㣬ôң֤Ͱ鶨ɣΣ
Ե
ǿƣ
ֵЯŵζڳͬʱ𾪡
ӯӯ
ѾƵϳѧԺ֮ŮˣڸԺΪӣպǰ;ǺܶүҪͽĴڡ
£һλ֮ŮһԼ䣬ҪǬӵδְԵ磬סˡ
ˣΪְԵʱǬӣоη
λ£ǶϷҿ
տ΢΢üͷ̲סվ˳Ҫ
û˵꣬Ѿ˻֣Ľϣǻհɣǰǻ滹ǼҹǰȥͣҪΪ檣ȴҹǧ֮սܾˣ飬òҪ֡
˱ϢʱȺһƬȻ
գ
ӯӯĺǧ𣬴ҹ㣬гѧԺѧԱĿУȱŮ
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ǡ
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ΪѾأսأǱ֮ȵǰʮǿߣҲضá
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벻Լһֱ£ڶУȴ׾ٵˡ
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Ǭӵ
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
ʲôд
Ĵ
һԶ
˿ַ񡢳ȵвѿʱ򣬷ۡеκһֻҪָͷԻһʱѸ⣬ĸԸɵ˴ȥ
ȱĽкеˣķۡˣҲĿ䵽Хϡ
Ƕˡ۶ˣǱĿ⣬ƺֻҪ˵֣ܱѣ䳹׻С
ǷХʱ·𿴵ʲôĿ⣬ԽХΣ˲䵽Ӱϡ
׽Լ½ӣ
׽ʲô
ǡ
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½ӣǿǶ˵ǬӻԵ޲Ǭص
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ڵ½ӣŶʼ֮Լ˺һĽ磬ȫǱȽǬӣҲضã棬߼䣬֮һεסһ
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ʹĲҽУǹַۣǹֱۣ½һն£ϸ߿գѪ
ۣ
ӦĶ˱һصȻбʴɱ

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Ȼһûü̳һоݺݵѹ£Яŷ׺صĵǰγı
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ȱҽһֱӱмУһɫ·ʱѪȾ졣
˵³ңֱۣϱ˲ʮ˶Ѫˡ
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ˣ·һ֮ЯĿֲâɱա

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ʦֲܵ룬ҪԼĽΪҫһϯ֮أԭ̤ʥѩѩʥԽȴףһ㣬ǣϣϡ

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ӣǰǧǳǿ߱棬ɽҵǳǿɣаڿڤѡҡǧұ顢ʫҹɽ޵С콣ϼʿϺ򺣡Ľʮλǿߣ⣬һܹһ֮ѩʥصаħѪħۣ
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߲սǿڵѩʥأҲΨиһ;
£½ӵ˵ȻҪһ֮ȥԿ˶Ķǿߣȥһӵиѩʥءǧҡʥѩ۷ڵĿֲ
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Ǵ˿չֶĿٶȲѿһȻȫǴﵽ۷Ķǿߡ
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ܣܿ϶ģܹٳԪľţһĿһУĸѹȣĸԸЧ̫ѣ̫ѣţֻڴĥȵؼʱ̣һЩСòӦġ
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һİһҪٳԪ磬ѣƫƫҪΪţҪԪĿûԪĿߣܹ̤ԶԪ磿̤ԶԪ磬õԶԪеԴԶûгΪڵϣ
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ϸֳһ˿ЦǴѧĵǺ⣬һԪĵӲȻҪռôףĺüƻҪˣ
һֵĲݣһԪĿߣĲݣǵ˴շϺͷ̫ãΪ˵õ׷ɱһʮǧֻǣһͷ̫񾨣αȵһԪ翪صΪϺЧֵˣ
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ˣ͵ȵ򺣡ĽλϵϢˣʲôʱ̽ѩʥصǿ߷ֲǾͿȻ̤ѩʥأ½ӣ̷ĲݣƣӦһʧһԪĿߣͽΪϺĿ֮
ȷʵˣˣԪˣˣٶǰҲֻܳԻң
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ǲòңԼһδǿУпٳԪǿߣһη̵Ļᣬ޷ϡ
ɲǼ䣬Ӫ齨Ԫ硣
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Ȼһ̣ǿԼĹ½ӵԪɵ˺ʱһʱɴ۾УһƬ



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ǧԪ磬ֱӱ֮һ
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½ӿͷǿɢԵգ䡣
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Щѷﵽһ£أȻѳ飬ٱԷԪǽѹƬײηۡ
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ɽҵ䣬ɲǼ䣬ǧҡ֪
ǵ֪ɽЩǿߡǳǿ֮ʧ̬ҪԭʱһŵѪɫ
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½ӿٵģͲԪ磡˵ȻһǰδеĴ˵ٳ뵺ʷǰδеĴ˵Ԫ磡ҵģ侹
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ǡȻһ˵ԪĿ߽Ԫս
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½ӵԪֱ̣룬½Ԫ統УЩԲԶԪݵϹ뼱Բ˼ٶŻչĻҽһֱԪԵ

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أأأ
Ĺ룬Ԫ𵴼䣬ϣ鿪Ԫɸĸ룬ȴǿԽԪĽޡԵ쵽ӪԪ֮УʹԪɢ˳ΣȻֹ
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ҪΧɱ½ӣ½Ӻԩ޳һԪĿߣǰ;ǡ
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һǸѪɫ߲ŷ·뵽˸Ԫ˻ڵأæת½ӣһڴСӣʦɣʦɣΪͽ

ĳλǿԼΪͽ
ִôЩ찡
ʲôСӣ֪ʲôˣ˸žĽƴʦ˿Աȼʥ֣
߱Լţ½ӾãһĻϤˡ
ԼǲҪǿ׳ľܾԷȻԷΪԼΪͽٶóָջԼϧ¹
ȵȣ˼άƺЩƫˡ

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ⷬӦЩһӣ˸߲ңԨһӳį֮ɫ
仯֮죬½̾Ϊֹ
ǧˣʱգҲǧˣһ𵤾СȻ֪Ϊ˱Щ˼һﷳң֪㵽ĸطˣȻ͸Ӳ֪

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ڵ֮ԲԶ뵺ǰѰһΪʥֵˣ
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ˣСʦɣԪ磬ܹܲ磬һֻɣǣ˵Ԫ磬ţʸ񣡡
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ҲЩʶˣ˵ģһԣɹ٣ǳΪ𵤶ءɹ٣ƽأ׽ٹ󣬽أΪླΪ
Ըꡣ
һУڽйأ


һپʮ 
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κһ𵤾ǿߣ飡ڽһڽ𵤶ɽʱԽԽǿ
飬˼壬һ֮飡ͳһ𵤣黹棬Ԫ磬һɣޱߣͨԶõԪݽߣɿһ޷ܷӵкãͺһˣаԪʯһֻһԪʯʱ򣬿ȴ޷ָо
Ļ½һ
𵤣ϻԪڷޱߣ
Ԫƿȣ𵤿϶ҪǿڻԪȣȴƲʱ䣡ϸ˵Ԫغͽ𵤾Ĳ࣬вغͻԪĲ࣡
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һ仰Ѿĵ˽ļֵ
𵤶Ϊλǿڽһأڷڽ飡ҪĿģΪ˴Ԫ磬ԪǿȣԪǿ󣬽ʱᵼԪЩͨԪĽˣ󲿷ֽ𵤾߶ɹ٣˽𵤶أܽ
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ԪУԪݱ䡣
ԪһأԪʮ档
Ԫأڽʩչ䣬֮ӳ֣ǡ
ǳ׶ΣԪȹ̣ӰʽԻѹԷԪ磬γĴڡ
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ԣԶԪ磬޽磬򱶲ֹҪأڳ˵ΣΨһϣǽ磡磬ͨ飬ԶԪ磬Ӧλá
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һϰޣл޵ĴΧУǳǿߣܱ
Ͼǲˣδ黹棬ԪΪԪ㣬ݱ𵤣ﲻޱߵĳ̶ȡ
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ҵģ˵Ԫ磡ģѵĴŴ˵Ԫ磡һֱΪֻһ˵
Ԫ磬ȻΪˣӦԪյԪϣѵĴŴ˵еԪ磿
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ΪѰϧԽǧǵɽɼ

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ٶȼ죬ȻЩ߽׷ҲҪһ
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ַݣϡ٣һ׷ѩ㺷Ȼ֣ն¡
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ܣֱֶΣȻһСɽնУᱻΪƽء
һµķУ˲Ԫʯɽڱýƽ֣Ҳ΢ϡһ֡
ڣ죬ǵɽʱԶȥ½ӵһοһǳء
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Уѩ΢һ
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ףսǧ粢̫ƽټЩ۳ǿߣһȫͶսϾ˼꣬ΧɱʹЩ˷Ϣʱ䣬꣬ǵɽǶԣһԳڣȴһв
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ħдţһƬٵУУٵĸ룬ȻǴļƺԼѪιǸ٣ΪԼһǿķ
ٵĿոս𵤶صˣһʱᣬȻκ䲻á
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״ѩһ䣬ԭѹµĲ֮Ȼ飬γһɻ˷
һʱ䣬ԲǧףֲȻѩ½ӡ½ܿᣬܹܵ⣬̹ǡ

һĲҽУѪĳɰǧͷѪ𣬱ֱӱ⣬
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ݣ
һ̣ѩ콣ٶֱӽλħ롣


ڶʮ 
ˡ
ǰһĻҫˡ
½ӡǵԪĿߣ뵺ɽ磬עʲôõķչֻҪҪɲţ;뵺ɽСطķϡ
ˣҫ֪½նɱʣ֮ƣ赲󣬵һʱɱħڵĲбܽʻ޸սǵɽ
ڸ˰ĴۣʮˣҴŻŻص硣
ص󣬰ҫһʱϵħѪλаͷǣ߾ǣˡ
½ӣ˵Ԫ翪ߡ
ᣬԪ翪ߡ
ţλħͷ޷ܾλΪԪջ
ʵϣ¶ˡ
ʮŵУЩԪ翪ûе𵤾ǰܻᱻЩħǿߡǿߡľ飬øֶξɱο˿½ӡᣬûмκ
հҫ˵ֻһԪشͨˣػߡ
׾ټɲɱȥ
дǵɽгˣڱ߾һ
ţҲ⡣
ˣλħͷһʱŰҫ˱߾ǣȴϢ
ԪǧĽ˶ԣȸʮ꣬㲻ʲô
ڰҫԣһӣԸȥ½նɱʣɱ¾ͥ϶䵽½ϣ½һֻҪ취õ½ϵɱ¾ͥɱħڣϣ
Ʋʮȷ
ûжãǾ͵ȵһˡ
󣬺ԥķ˹ҵһĿˡ
ǣôҲû뵽ϣ⣬Ȼһλˡ
һһλ𵤶أ˽Ŀֲڡ
ȾʵǰħѪԷԴݿ֮նɱȱķƻʱơ
ѩѩ
ҫԭ㿿ʮɵԪ磬ȥɱ½ӣǴ˿̣ѩѾû˰ֳֵ
ʮλʦʦ齨Ԫ磬Ͻˣһս֮ѩ

ֻо

ҫͻȻĴЦָŲ񷣬үΪʲôΪʲôҪôңɱħڵߣǧ࣬һԽǵɽӵ뵺ɽ磬ΪʲôҪһ˵ԪĿߣǵϣȫͣǴ뵺ɽӵʱޱ˳Ĵ֮·ɽأΪʲôȴ
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ݣ
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ɱУͬʱʩչ
һҫʮλɱħ齨ɵԪǿƻƣڶɲǼ䣬ʮλɱħڵӣɱ
󣬽ʮλɱħڵıѾͳͳηۡ
ÿµĽÿµԪƿ֮˵ĽܣٶƷΡ
˿һĻжʱһݡ
½ӣǰһ뻹ڷЦһ룬ѾɱһصİҫУǰ𾪡
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֪˿̵̫ǳɶ齨ʮԪİҫȴδؿսʤ֮
ѩһҫʮ˵Ԫƣʮȫ⣬ʮͳͳնɱôͬҲ˲佫ɱ
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ѩ
һȣ
˿һħʬ壬ȷе˵ǲħʬǸ١
٣ԳΪӵһڽĵ·ϣһݱϡ



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֣ѪҺ̺λ𵤾ǿߵڴ٣տ𵤲Σżİ
ѩ˵ţٶȲһٵ˽𵤽׶ԺΣΪѰԪ磬һֹΪ֮պѪʱιԼѪϿ𣬴С
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ѩ˿½ӣ뵽Ǵ˵Ԫ翪ߵݡ
ڣƷĴ඼û˰ɣӼҪõƷ飬ҪԼŬȥԶԪ̽гһգ˵ĻõƷ飬Ӧﵽλľ磬飬ܵ
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治ΪҴʮŻɽ⣬ʮǿʥ֡
֪ԾһǧǰǸ෨ǿߣɻûǰս



ڶʮ 
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ǰڳֵУѩһ
΢һһˣͬʱ䵽˴ѧԺС㳡ǰ
ѧԺĹ㳡ߣвŷޡ޵ĻԪǿߣڿն
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ˡ
Ȼ뵺ɽǰųߵĵλΪ䣬ɷŵκһţʮżУܹΪϣسǣκһλ˵Ľ٣䶯
ѧԺԺѵҪҷֱˡ
ѩһۣ
ῴ˿½ӣдŲ飬ǵ˵ͷӣǺܿٶ
һ첻ܾá
ӡ
һԲļƻǴ֪붫ں󣬽ΪΣպҲ÷ϵ
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޺ǰ΢ңУֹǰéзںĶֽʱܹͬǳΪĶ֣Լһһģһͬǿߣֻں浱Уͻƣܽܡ


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⣬ǣһ˼⣬ԶԪ磬Ƿ־
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һߣǱǰΣٳԪһ̣Ѿ롣
ˣӣڿٴԪĵ·ϣҲԸܿͨԪˡ
ҲΪˣ磬ԪߵıﵽһޱȾ˵ĳ̶ȡ
һٸԪǿУռ
뵺ɽȣ߳ʮֹ
ŵĵӣԼУԼЩų޼ָ㣬дɾͣΪѣˣ̷Ǳ޵ŵӣΨһĳ·ЩŵӣϾָ֮࣬һܽһЩԶԪñǣԵȻʮҪһ㡭
׷ߣ
½ӷ·뵽ʲô
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Ѿ˻ԪأĻ׿Ľ磬ſ˵ʸ

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Ԫ磬ȻֻʮǳǿߵԪ磬Ҳеȥնɱˡ
½ӳƬ̣뵽߰ţվһЩǵ˵ͷʮŵӰɣԱղˡ
ղ֣͵ȥ졣
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½ҲûкִƺˣӦŵһԺȥ
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ԣǷָαɽɽ
½ӿһ۽µ֡
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½ӵĻӦΪοĵ˵ͷ
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뵽½ӲԪʣв̾Ϣһ
ͨԪʹԪľ룬࣬пᣬɴԪԪľ룬Сõȥ
ͬǳĵ·ǰУɴԪߵĵ·עҪԪߵĵ·ѵöࡣ


ڶʮ 
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½վԺ䣬Щľ֣Լܴ֮Ч
Ժ䵱У͵ϴһӳ״̬ңּӳɣһɣɣʮɣ
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ڤ½ԸгȻԣطҲʮ졣
֪⣬ֻ򣬶С
ͺҪʵȴһһ
ۻӰ½ֻ˶ʮһ죬Ѿϡطż
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ڵĽڵЩ漶˺üȻ½ӵԣʱЩȫҪ˵ȫɣǵʱ䡣

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Сһͨ죬ѡ
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۲ҵ콣ʶڡʥиӰ𡭡
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λŮԣȴüΣճ̶ǲԭ𵤶Ʒ飬ںеõƷټǰɹ٣أһﵽ׵Ķǿߡ
յʱ̵ˣŲ˵һѾãôҲ˷ʱ䡣
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֣һʱ䣬õеӣȫ˷
Уﵽ׼ߣʮˣΪǶڶǿߣˣȴӵ˿ʼꪡ

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ꪣǶΨһһԪ˰񵥵ĵӣǽȴѱ֮ǽߣ䵱ΪԽΪѱһͷǿްͬǾ޴
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Ϊڵĵӡ
ЩɸֵķߺһۿƷѾԷλϣٴȥƿգ˲Ϣȥ


ڶʮ 
յӽֵУĻ
ϣʮλӣõŵͣоͰˡ
Ԫı֣䲻ƹѩļ¼ȡΪڰ˲ȴҲ죬õŴƷԪʯ
ƷԪʯ̺Ԫȼߣ޼ۣƷԪʯ˽Ԫصʱգ»ᱻ̡
Ҷʦ֣ȥչˣȡ꣬ȡøõĳɼ
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ţ
ڴʱʯͷ˷·оʲôɫ΢΢һͻȻȥ


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˭Ҳ֪ԶԪ磬ǺεΰĴڡ
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ԼãȥҲۣԲپƷԪʯ
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˿½ӣ½ӵĿҲ˹æ˵ͷһ񣺡Ҷʦ֡
뵽ǰԶԪʱæǰһҶʦ֣ҲǴǰԶԪ紳ô
½ӵ˵ͷˣŲĸйۡ
ϧˣҸոմԶԪ統гԪԶԪѹ£ܵһЩˣҪʱյ޷ͬҶʦͬȥˣȻĻҶʦһǰհһҶʦֵľ
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Ԫô
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⿴Ҷơɵ¶ûлӦԾȤҲٶԡ
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ˣһλʦѾȥˡ
͡
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һԵЦһٶķˣ̲סһòõõ֤ʲôϵ
Ȼйϵϣһȼɣɣһ£ǾܹǰԶԪ紳ˣúú˵ҿʦֵϣԿǽȼ͸ǣڡ
˵⣬°һǾңûˣԹԵŶӵһɣ



ڶʮ ԶԪ
ǾңûˣԹԵŶӵһɣ
˵ⷬʱֱһˬĿ
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㡭
Ц½˫˫ű⣬һòᣬͨ졣
ֱֱ

ҲǹԹĵһ
ȴǲԸ˵Ļˡ
ߣĽҪϧûлˣ
˵ⷬһתĳзҸоһֳ֮⡣
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ֻǣ˵ΣԼҸоõʱ˲һʱ䣬һͻȻ˹
Ҷʦ֣ѾˣͿԽԶԪˡ
ʯѾУ˹
½ӵһˡɵ¡ҶƵʱ΢΢һ
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ʯͷ˵ĵӣȻڵһЩ߲㵱Уȴ
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ʯڣˡ˫һʯľ֣ңʯ飬ԼԪػҪߣΪıߣҪԪ磬ϼɻζǸʯ飬Ϊ顣
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ʯںЦɵµ˵ͷת½ӵҶʦܡʦá½ʦã߰ɡ
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ʯҡҡͷڶѾ˼ʮˣλʦֵܶѾʶټвٹ׵㣬ҪһһϽԶԪǱȽףõȥһ֮Ķ
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һԵ½˫˫ʱһȻģװһζõԭֻ֤ǴһĶҸղŻΪʮ˵ãõһţ͵ڵһԿף԰ԶԪӵ㵱ԼҵĴţͽͳصĺء
ԭɫЩѿı⣬½˫˫ָԼĻɫʱøѿСΪѿȭͷ
ղ緢ӢˬĳЦŶԷҪŶһ꣬һתۣΪ֤ѾһĲֵԷƾʯڵӣҪŶӣһʱҲõȣֱӼɽԶԪ硣
־޴бҪѪ
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ҲŵҪҵĸζͨͨء
ʱҪҪҸúοһ£һ˵飿
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µĵذ屻һٲ飬Ϊָ̫ףģγѪ
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˵ں˵Щʲô
ʯҲʲô֮ˣű΢΢ţƺҪ޳ģЦã˺ˣҪ˷ʱˣԶԪ磬óɼ
ǣʯʦ֡
ЦɰͷŷŹǰ󣬲һı⡣
ʯڶһɵòԵĵ˵ͷŶ½ӵҶʦܣһ£Ժúõĳһ£νԶԪˡ
һǰɡ
Ǻǣӵ㣬ΧȻվһ𣬽ԶԪʱҲܳڣӦԶԪҲǰﷶΧһƬԭҰǻϣΪ㡣
ڰﷶΧͣ
ʯڵ˵ͷ
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ţ
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ôܣʵԪ֮Ԫ֮˺ԶԪʵıϣȻ׾٣ԶԪκ𵴣
̧ͷĿʱͲڵķȥ
ԪڽԶԪʱ轫ԶԪıݷֿ
ԪƷʽϵͣͨʱģȫǱƣֹҪĴԪ֮ԶԪݶˣҪʱ޸
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Ԫޱʵ׼ɽԶԪпֹҪĶԪ֮ԶԪɵҲʮ΢
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ԪʵüԪ磬Ǵ˵ԪĪˣд˵Ԫ翪ߣ
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д˵ԪĿߣȥڡʥʽڡѧԺȥˣĻĺɽĶڣ
ҡҡͷ²̫Զ𷴶ȥ鿴ˣ˵ֻһԶԪڲй

ݡ
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ʯһߴ½ȥһ߽ܵ
صĸ
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ûڻӦʯѾٶȵǴԪĿԶԪжֹԪ֮ԿԶԪѹʱʱľңΪӣҲܵӰ죬̶ԶԶ޷ԪĿ߱ȼ磬Ԫ翪Ԫ֮ԶԪ绥Ҳ޷Ԫ⻷ǳԪӳֽȴǲøǧصս
Ԫ翪ߣȻԪӳֽ޷
½΢΢һ
˵ȻЩԪ۷ǿߣһԶԪ磬ᱻԭΣ㽣棿



ڶʮ 
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ʯǰ·ٶĿ졣
ԪߣԶԪ統дʱ䲻û˻߷££͵ÿǷأԪںԶԪѹԿоͻ𣬰꣬һޣ꣬Ԫ磬бΣգȻԪ⣬⣬ҪλԪ翪ѣ齨Ԫ磬Ԫ翪߳еѹԶԪеʱ䣬ܳһ꣬á
½ӵ˵ͷʯȫǰԭˡ
Լʱ䡣
Զ𣿡
ǺǣǶڵվʮżռݵӵ㣬Ѱӵ㣬ֻ·̣Ƿ绨ѩڡӰ¥衢׹ȵţڸ·ϵʱ䣬͵ʮ죬Զķ绨ѩڣǵԶԪӵڵʮǵûʮ֮á
ʯһǰ·һΪ½ӽŴԶԪ統ע
ּԴڵĽ̵£ʱ䣬ܿȥ
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⻷ɫȻƲƵ󷨵ڼˣ
ʯڵ˵ͷѾΣһЩ飬ϣÿһɢһȦ⻷֤һ󷨱ȥÿɢһȦɫ⻷Űٲϵһ󷨱ȥɫ⻷ٲϵ󷨣ɫԽ󷨲Խߣɫٲϵ󷨣ܹһߣ󷨴ʦ
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½ӵЩ֣˵ǿߣʦ󷨴ʦʦô
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½ˣǵ˵ͷ
ϽǧԪ߶ԣȫá
Ҫ߾磬ͱץʱ䣬ֶ룬ȡԴһĻ˼ȥ󷨡
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ɹŬϢϢأûżȻ
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ٶȸһСʱ·ڱ˳޴ǰ֡
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ţôôˣ
ʯǰȴߣĳ
һȥǰܣվ˲ˡ
֪ԶԪ磬ĪԶԪ硣
ܹ̤ԶԪߣÿһǴԪ翪ߣһЩȶԶԪӵ㣬Ԫ翪߶޷룬ΨԪߣԪ֮˺ݣ̤ԶԪС
ഫԪ翪ߣƫԣԳƵԱڶࡣ
ڣǶڵˡ
ǸΪ׵ӣʯڣǶڵһ󷨴ʦʯͷ˵ĵӣΪʮа˾ţҲΪ
Χˣʯ˵ĵͳĺ
һȥȻѾ˽˲εӣʯˣϲ¶һ˿Ȥģ
īѩĪա͡¬λ󷨸֣ŷ绨ѩڡ衢׹ȣһεıԣҪĿģΪ˾һĹʤı׼ɱǰʮ˭ɱǰʮ˭ʤߣ˼ǣĿǰǰʮߣʯڵʦʯͷˡ
ʦ壬˵ڻЩŷìܣ
Ҳ֪绨ѩںͶĳͻѾԽԣս˫սУѾģĳͻ˫սڵӣʮСӣɱ˴ŵСӣǴγͻţʧλĵӡ
绨ѩںôĵӣȻҺͶڿս
ûʲôˣ紫ţǿиɣ绨ѩڽַ꣬չѸ٣ҪţȻҪӶҧһӰ¥׹ȡ裬ͬڵȴʱ𡢾ݡɽӵ̫ǿǲǣȻὫĿڶϡ
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ʵϣЩϢĸ߲ԣѾʲôˡ
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ʯڵĻЦ½˫˫Զĵ˵ͷ
вڵ߼ңʤڶڵ𡢾ݡɽӵĿǰϾˣʣµķ绨ѩڡӰ¥衢׹Ĵ֮һ֡
Ŀǰ֮ԲԸͷ绨ѩڡӰ¥衢׹κһ濪սǲ뱩¶Լ
ԶռԶԪӵԴΪŷչ绨ѩڡӰ¥衢׹ȼпнڷֶʳ֮
ǵ󣬲Ҫǡ
ʯڵһ½˫˫Ц½ӣƹȺֱȥ
ʯڴʱһȴǴ˳ʯڣ£ʦ֣ڱƴݲڣǱƴˣɡ



ڶʮ 
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ʯڵĿ⣬ʱ˵Ǹȥ
ֹ½˫˫Ц½ӣԼЩ󲿷ϵĸԪ翪ǣһǽĿǸͶ˹
衢׹ȵǿҲ⡣
Ƿ绨ѩڵ㣡绨ѩڵõƶڣǿиɵϢģǣ绨ѩڣȷʵѾõİ֧֣
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ں˵ô
ʯڿ˵㣬
룬ֳӦûеڶʯڵˡ
ʲô
㻰û˵꣬ʯѾһȣк䣺İèʸ˵ֳз绨ѩڵĵУֻжкҶԻʸ㣡ҹһȥ
ʯһȣɫ΢䡣
׵㣬ϸǸֳһ˿ŭ֮ɫ£÷
ôҪ֣ƾ㣿ͬΪԪھأǾΪҽʮвҰԼԴժ㵱ߣ
㡭
㾡ɶʯڴˣȴѾã֪Լ֣£ŭȴǲڳԷ
Cձ󣬶ڣЩΪɱħģûҲǷ绨ѩơ
Ϊʮ֮һ治ͬѰ
绨ѩҪƶڣӻǲһЩӼǶȻͬ
ʯһ壬վ˵ǣ˵Ҳǵķ绨ѩڵ㣬ȺУٶȴһ˽
衢׹ȵЩΪ׵ĵӣͫ΢ʯڵĿ⣬Щɲ
ǺǣʯڣǷ绨ѩڷʥĵӣʥݵλδѷɫǶڵʯͷˣôûкԻʸ񣿡
ȫʯڵ㣬̶ʱ޷޶ãǰЦŵһ˵ˣţȷʵҪƴһŵĻһ¾Īʦֺ׹ȵʦ֡
ôղҲûĪ׹ȵվ˵ҪסѾ绨ѩȫռݣ˭ãǷ绨ѩѾǿ󵽿Դ衢׹ȷˣ
̾㵨ٴҲӦԼжԾ衢׹ȷʩæȻǣֻǣǷ绨ѩں;衢׹ȵʦͬˣ룬Īʦ֡ʦ֣ӦҲ˼
ҿǷ绨ѩһаɣǣǷ绨ѩԾԼǿѾԲǶڷˣ
ʯ˵⣬ɫʱ£ϢҲ£һȦȦɢţ·ڴصУĳص顣
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ңڣôʮ֮һţĺɽǷ绨ѩڣԶһɱħڵ׳٣Ϊ塣
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衢׹Ƿ绨ѩϵĻǷ绨ѩڿûеԶڵʵ
ǶǷĺɽòǷ绨ѩġ
ʯ˵꣬һ½˫˫Ц½ˣֱȥܿ죬ѾʧС
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ǡ
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ڴʱһͷȥΪɵŮӷ·뵽ʲôͻȻʦ㣬˵ҪоԵİղ֣ܶҼǵãʦ־ڸǹʦеǷ绨ѩĴǿķ֮һѩȡ
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š
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ǹֻһǧٶʮԶԪ統УǱѣǻԪǿʱգܸأʯںܾǰ弶۷ʦһٴӣӦͻƣ˵ʦĲΣٲ㣬һҪʱ䡭
Ʋ⵽⣬˸һ˿ĺ⣺㣡ȥٶ֪ͨʦ֣ʯڣһ㣬ǶڵĵӣϵıԲ٣ǸʯɱɵĴ֮顭
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ҶʦܣһҪмǣٶȣܵĿ죬ǰ˷ֵĹɣЩ󷨣㿪ʼʱ㱻ԽڣԽˣٶȹĻһЩ󷨣δȫӳȫȫԲ°빦Ч
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ʯ˵ţûзϣһΣסܵĿԽԽá
½ӵ˵ͷ
Ҷʦ֣Ŷ
Ц½ӻ˻֣۾һ㡣
Ǳȱȿ˭ĳɼá
½˫˫Ǳ˴˼ΪԷ
á
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ֻǣȴǼλ绨ѩڵĵӣڷ绨ѩڣֲõԤС
ʱеĻѾıģ½˫˫Цʯ˵ΣȫģƬ̣ȻѾʧǰ
ǰ֪ʱѾһ
š
½΢һ£ʱĽԷ绨ѩڵĵǷŵһԣ󣬽Ŀǰȥ
СС󡣡
½ӿһ󷨣ҪƼƾԼ裬һѾ󷨵ڡ
ֱǰһѾʧһƬͷԵï֣ԾȻǰ
󡣡
½һ۽󷨿ơ
ǰڣһЩ޷ƳûʲôΣա
½ӣǵʯ˵ĻܵٶƳ󷨣һСʱʱ䣬Ѿưһɱ˵һٲ㡣
һٲ㣬Щ󷨵ƽѶԴߣֹˣ󷨻һɱЧ
½ӹƣһٲڣļʦȥһٲϣ弶ʦҪƵһ󷨣ҲҪһʱ䡣
Ҫ죡
ǰ󷨣½֪ƾԼЩѧϰ֪ʶһʱ䣬Ƴ뵽ʯڵĻʱκα
ˣ
Ƽ⣬һȦȦԺлصš
ɲǼ䣬磬½ǰǰδе


ڶٰʮ ٶ
졣
ٶԽ죬󷨾Խ
ǰ浢̫ãһٲ󷨣ƽǿȣﵽٲ󷨵ĲΡ
֮ٶ㹻죬һ·񣬲аͣͣ˵ٲ󷨺Щ󷨵ſһ൱
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½һ̤ɲǼ䣬Ƽ⣬һȦȦɢʹܹĿеԪתƶ
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ڵһļ׵ǣ޵Ǽۼףɳ޵۱֯ɣɵסκǳķâǱŽͬһ

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һ磬սΪ⿪ɴȥʷĲ׳



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ӥ½֪һһ൱Ŀһ˿ѪͨȫʿһЩӥеߣܹͶסǿ൱
ǧͷӥ붼ܹµƺƴ
ʿ˵ӥãһ˵ӥ½뵽ʲôʱɫ䣺ãǰ棬ǰдӥ

Ӧĸʲôǽӥв׵
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Ȼԥɲǣ㱻Ĩȥ
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ƣܿԪ統нʮһ飬ʱ֮Ȫĸء
ҪԪõİ취ǲԪ統еԪŨȡҪԪŨȡ
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󷨱½ӣڤжʱ¶˷;֮ɫôô
ϧ½Ѿٺԣָһһɱڱڶ⣬׽ʳɷ顣



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˵һ㣬Ҳ˷ԣҲãҲգȫвٳ˿ڽͨеУЩ̻ҲΪɵ۲Ժ̻ȫץסᣬ׬׬
Լ֪ͺãϢҪҴȥ
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½ǰŽȫȡ
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İʮ ֮˵

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½ӼλµĽǰԺľȻǸˡ
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Ҳ½ӣʲôһԵɺµõʥصıˣεºܣʸͥһΪУǵʱͥһǡû٣ѱһһȭУкʸͥԼڵʥǿɲУ
泤˵öԡ
Ԫ顢ԪѡԪʥΪȻĵ˵ͷʦ֣ε츳žޣʮУʮ꿪Ԫ磬ʮͽ𵤣½ӣһ˵ĳ½СӣǵõһЩԵȻ͸ԺʦֲУҲԼＸ
һˣֱȻһõǿαȵùʦϰĳ½ܿ˵½ӵôһֽնɱˣ½ҺΣ
Ԫдһ˿Ѫ֮ɫٺЦ
ˣǻ׷˵ɣѧԺ¥ңڵҲڼǣħЩħͷڰжɱЩȵˣ½ӣ֮Ǽ˭ˣһն˱ǡ
Ϊ֮˵ԪʥĵһԸЩִ϶໨ʱ䡣
ԶԶԣ˵ԪѸҪնɱ½ܿû֮ǰȽңȶԸ½Σ
ԴǼ˿ټϿǵԷ߽ǿߵݣԪ飺ȻԣʱԳһ֮
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˺ѵ˵УһƬӰĴȣصĺӭϵԪײһ



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ͬʱ½󶯽轣ƿĿֱָ˵Ԫѡ
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λѾ½ΧټǰԪʥй֮ԣֻһԡ
Ƭ̣ǲ̾治Ϊĵӣκһﵽ׼ޣֻҪһǿⷨżһƷϾ;߱ʥ֮ܣƺϻȻұΧҲֲúô
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Ӧ֮ҾȻӦ֮紫½ӵǿ½νʥսǽӦ֮ϡ
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½ܿݺݵĻֵ
ϲ˵ĺǿòϣ½ӣǸţš
硭
૵߶֣ջҡҡͷܿ㲻ס
ˣйˣ֮ܶڸ߾Ͷˣ
½ֱܿӽĻϣھʹǰĶڣʮ󶥼֮һɽ󷨼ǿᣬֻҪ˶ڣȻǿһӵϣδܹκεǡ
Ҹ˵£˶۶ڡ
˵ʲôڿɲһ˵ˣ
½ܿ˵ţٺԣڷȥ
ǰƬ̣һ⣬ͻȻǰ·뵽ʲôȻתȥ
϶Щŵߣ
ǵ⣬½ܿҪ׷ȥ
ûá
ҡҡͷܹܵǿĶ˷飬֮ɢڲӡ
½ܿɫ΢΢һ䣺˷ǵˣôô죡ôֶֻˣֻҪܹǵĶǿߺΧǰӻضڣǾܹ֤ȫ򡭡
˵ţ½ܿٶȴ˿۵糸
һ·ǰУǰĸǿѾԽԽ࣬вһЩĽס׵ĳϣżǿһ
ƺΪûо԰սǶԵʣЩǳ֣ȴûеһʱֻ֣ԶԶĸţĹ
ԽԽˣ
½ܿάٶڷ񱼣ɫȴԵʮء
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ڴʱһ⣬գɲǼѾ½ܿ
½ܿܵҪνطӰòʱȴ¶˾ϲ֮ɫӡ
ֻܿع
½ɫһɷס
޷Ԫ֮һ·ȫӦ֮׷˵ΣѪʮ־޴Ȼ;ƿݵĵز
ӣ
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½ӶЦЦ
Ѿ黯ˣĿȴûа쳣
Ըɵ£Ϊݣǡ
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ʲôģȥ
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½ܿаֵһʱ伤Ԫ֮Ԫཻ䣬ֻعѾʼ½ӵԪ磬ǲƲԪѸ޸
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桢ˣȫվڴ½۷߽ǿߣôһС飬ŵǽǵġ
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½ӷźڵĶˣͥĲ泤ϱԪսܽλϻԼԪش;ƿݣ
ʲôڵ½ѾԪ֮޷ˣһԪ֮޷õǿߣкξ֮գҾҪɱʥ
ЩõѶġ塢ʿԭԥҪȵǿߵʱһӵϣɴˣǴ˿̣һȴǿϲţһʱ½ܿ½ӡΧɱ
⽣Ӱ˵ȫ
Сģ
½ӾһԪ֮֮ɲǼ佫һλʿ𵴵ĿѪɳȥ
һĻЩ׷ɱġ塢ʿһһݡ
˵½ӵԪشôΪΡ
ˣ½ӵԪ֮ȻָһЩȴδﵽȫʢ״̬һ֮£Ȼһλʿնɱ
ȻָһЩȴδȫָ
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ӣ
½ܿ½ϰʿΧɱβѹˣһᣬԼСģȥӣ
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ֻǣΪսȴҲأټˣ޷ӳսԼеơ
ӡܿ
ῴԡѪսĶˣɫʹࡣ
ħ飡ħ飡סħ˵Ȼûлɱ½λʥǿߣħ飬ҲĹͣ
ڴʱλǿѵõĴսֵһ˵ᣬһʱţΧɱϡ
ᣡ
½ܿһ
½кһ
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Ѫ½ӣһеĺһУʹࡣ
ħҵˣܷ
ʣһλǿߴЦһɲǼѾɱǰ
ħ顭ħ顭
߶֣еʹ֮ɫȥϡУɫñ䡢п᣺ħ飡ħ飡ôҾǿʲôħ飡



İʮһ 
ᣡ
ӡУһģ
ѩʥˣѧˣĴѧԺҲˡ
Ȼ˭Ҳ֪ǣ£ʵصģǺεȵʹ࣬εȵĸң
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µ֮ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ͷ·ɱ䣬˲ɳ
ǰһȣ˿̵ȫࡣ
ħ飡
һХиߺ̧֣ͷ˫֣ͷһеգź
ħ飡
ˣ
к֣·ħֱֵԪ
𵴡
סĽססס
½ӡ½ܿ˵ԪȫھţԪ磬·ֱڰγһٳǸϯơ
ЩԭѾشԵʿǲҽţԪȻɢ
ô
Ԫ֮Ԫ֮ҾȻƲסҵԪ֮
ħ飬ħ飡ħȻܹӰ쵽ЩԪ֮ת
ô˻ᣬ½ܿкһɲǼЩʿУһȷѪ꣬ĽԼ½ӵΣһת
ʿ䣬ԪȻɢɢԪ簴˵عԶԪ硣
ȻһΣɢԪ֮ǻعԶԪ磬һǰ㣬󲿷ֻعԶԪ磬С
ǡ
ȫȥ
ЩɢԪɲǼʹɢԪ֮Ȼǡ
һȦȦԪ⻷·ϵɢ貹ԣҫķɹâҫ£λɱʿֱоԼԪ֮һҪԷɵơ
ǡ
ʿг֮ɫ
ʱ΢΢תĿ䵽ʿϣ⣬ʱӡ
ֺ֮ǿԶԶԤ㣬ɲǼѾọ֮̈̄죬Ӧ
أ
һ̣궳ɱԪɢԪ֮ٶͶɢһȦȦԪ⻷С
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½ĸӦϵı仯һ
½ܿûô뷨ֱʹĴãᣬ̫ˣԪ⻷ǿѾ۷ʿˣһǶɱӦܹв۷ʿˣɱɱɱϣ˫赣ɱ췭ظ
ᡭ
½ӸѯʲôԶѾһ󺰣Ǳߣ½Ǳߣ
ɱ
½ӣ㵨նɱڵ̫ϳϣڴӽĲ
ԪɡԪµȺд˳Щ׷ɱؼʱ̣ڸϵ
ݣ
½һһλĽʿɱĿȻת½ܿߣڵĶ桢ͥĲѱնɱ¥ԪһԪ⣬ңڸǲĽλŰ˽սĿǿߣǣǸѿ֣ض˵
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½ȴûôֹۣҪѸٵĻҪۣ᲻֪ΪοԪ֮ţȻӰ졭
ʵУĹǡ
ĲϧһУͨɱߵǱԪ̲һħûκˡ

Ǳ츳Щħ黹Ҫ¡
ԹħͨĥǻʹǻԹһǻˣȴ˺Ҳơ
ᡭ
ʿԪ統мȡ
˾ְʵ̫£ߡ
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նɱ½ӣ½ܿħľѻᣬǰװ׷ˡ
Ԫ¡Ԫɵ˴һ˹һܻ
Ԫɳϣ飬ʵԹǡ
һڵĸ̫ϳվ
ţҼǵ㣬ɹȵĹ˷ƽ˵ԹǣѲɻҪǲɣ½Ѿǿ֮ĩˣȴƫƫһ½ܿһħ鶼ץס
ԪɺĳȻ˶Էһλһǿߡ
˷ƽǰŭλڵĳȴұֳ֣֮Ի½ӡ½ܿߣҪԭħ飬ħ飬̫ˡ
˵⣬вһ˿Ŀ־塣
ħ飡
Ԫ΢΢üͷǺܿЦħ˾ְȻնɱʿԼȡʿԪ֮ΪãʿӵеԪ磬вһλʿǽһйƵħϣЦ
ԪɳϣԾʵŵĻѯˣ
˷ƽ
Ļһ˵꣬һµ˵ħΪµĵطǿǵԪ磬ʹǶԪ֮ƿشȽͣѾ½ӡ½ܿΧסˣΪͻȻǵԪ磬ʹ½ܿ½ӶתǬǻ룡
ԪɳϣõϢ룬ħ鲢ҪնɱĿܹõɢԪ֮ҰڣеԪ֮ΪãȻ½ӡ½ܿնɱʿԪ֮ͳͳȡ
ǰħѾܹɱ۷ʿˣƳɳȥò˶ãʿҲĶ֣
һһ䣬ܿĽһһ
ʲô
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ԣǧȷ
ԪɳϣԾʵ
ǲԸɱǣ㣡
Щ˵ĻԪɡԪ¶˶һۣǿ˶ԷеĺȻ
ʮǰħ黹ֻܹвĽʿɳɱĽʿ£һ²Ȼ۷ʿ궼ܶɱֳɳٶȡ
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Ϊһţڵķֲ鲼κν䣬ȻͬڵצͿƷΧԣɢ֯ĴѧԺ
ѧԺڶ࣬ΪԵʣвڣƿ棬ܱȼ硣
˿̣ɽһλŶսľ𵤵λŮӵ̧ͷһĿһХȥ
ǶʦϢѾǼ̶š𡢶ڤڱټĵλ̫ϳˣټԭϵĶ塢λʦԼƽ̣ڵĶǿȻһ룡ʦ֣Ҽǵ粢ûʲô·ΪὫλ̫ϳȫټ
УȥΪŮһѯʵ
Ѿкܳһʱ䲻ʦˣһֳ˴ĶΪ˶Կɱħڡ
һλ곤һЩŮӵ
ΪľʿƬ̣ϢĻ飬Ӧúֵ÷ħйأ
ħ飿
һЩŮӾȵǲԪѡԪʥԪ鼸λʦǰȥô⻹зֲе೤ϸϣһħ飬Ӧֵʦڣ
ֻ֪һ֪ħ˵½ʥ½ӵĵ£½Ҳǣǰڵǿ߷һս
½ӣ½ʥôʥǿߣԪѡԪʥԪλʦ֣Ҳռʲô˰ɣοӦûʦЭ
ҡҡͷȵϢɢ¼˾ͲٻὫһͨʥˣ½ϻ̫ͥϳϲ桢ԪѡԪ顢Ԫʥ˵ϼл£ǿлɱԪѡԪ顢Ԫʥλʦ壬˺ǿԪս֮նɱ桢߽ǿߡֶΣѰʥӵУ
ʲô½ӾնɱԪѡԪ顢Ԫʥλʦ壿ʦ涼ϣôܣ
ʦ֣㲻ǿЦİɣ
λŮӶʱɴ۾
ҿϿЦô
ҡҡͷܿϢͻᴫˣʱȻͻ֪٣ټλʦ棬Ҳʹйء

²ʵǰ˾Ųʮ
˿̣ɽУڶʱܹ̫ϳϣȫ
һȥһɹɰµϢϵڡһ𵤵ʿ˴ԻᱻϲԾɢϢѹƵԶЩ̫ϳһѾ߾ȫϢЩһ࣬Ž𵤲εĵһȻսս
λѾ˽Ĳˣ飬Ǳһȷ̬ȡ
ϣɫЩص
ˡ
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ŮԵĶƽȴűɱЩѧԺ׳սڰλƣħǴѧԺԺĵӰɣ½СʹѧԺЩϵǲô˻ᣬ˺ݺɱѧԺǶΪں۸ˣɽ𻢣
ʦ֡ʦûеλҪˣ½񲻹꣬ȷе˵ʮ꣬츳Ǳպмϣɾͷս᧿Σ֮ʣҿ罫͵սȥȨţ

У
ڳ೤ϵͬʱ˶⣬ڤ˺ȻС
ʮͬʦõĹΣ粻ܹκ𵴣һֲأ쵶նȶ½Ӿ츳ȴħΪ飬ħ˾ְǿλҲˣʮѾɳв۷ʿĳ̶ȣȥպ˵ܳΪȼɱ¾𡢿־ħĿֲڣˣҪĽǶɱҡС
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ڤλ̫ϳԴǼң̬ǿӲ
Ҳֻˡ
˿ûλϸԼ˼Ҳ
ƽɨһڳλϣ˿λͬɱ½ӡᡢ½ܿȲˣ
½ȻŲţϧ;ΪȶΨʹɱˡ
к
ҿ½һᣬԸ⽫ħ齻ǧ꣬ǿһ·ñ˵°Ե顣
ǧֹܹɱʦܡԪѡԪ顢Ԫʥλʦֶ̫ˣūӡΪЧаַɱ⣡
ɱڵ
Ͷ˵ĹϵΪ׽նɱ˵½ǳԹޡ
λһһ̬ƽ΢΢˵ͷ
λϻ֮ȴҲܹɱȡ֮٣ַƮҡ֮ʶɱĶţİɣ½һᣬħ飬Һλ¥ͽһĸԸūӡǵҲܹôһλŸɱˣʶôܹһƬȳʴ֮ģôҲֲڽɷɱɻˡ
½նɱ̫ϳϣնɱΪĵӣھȻܹһ·ʴ֮ٴȥκŶû취ָʲô
ϵ²Ըװ˷һ츳ƾ˿УһζΪ
ˣƽʦּȻѾǾͱָ½ˣںôһڣԵóһڵȡ
˼ѶʱǷƵ˵ŲʹĻ
½ΪλնɱˡԪ顢ԪѡԪʥˣһеҪԭȻԺ
Ҫħ飬ҪԸ˭Է͸־ܣ
ΪھʹͣŹ򣬴ɷ
ô飬ļλʦһˣ½ӴʥսС
ƽ̶
ҶԸͶʦһǰ½նɱʦܡ˿ǱֶΣ潻棬ţҺͶʦ֣ȫ´ࡣ
һȻ
ڵ߽ǿߣɲѰŵ߽ʿܱȼ硣



İʮ թ
Ͷʦô
ƽ̶š
ף
æվ½Ǳ޴ǼȻԸô͸ضԴ߲Ǳպһɳĸ󻼡
ǰΪ½˵һ仰Ͼڵ̫ϳϣһԵվڵǡ
ôҺͶڤͬʦһ˰ɡ
ʱǰڵĶվ˳֣Ը½ӣӦһʧ
ʱһֱûôڵĶͻȻڵƽ𣬺βͬȥ
ɣ
ʦֶ
ʦֶȥ
ⷬڳͬʱһ
΢΢˵ͷʦֶԴӶɹ٣ɾ߽ǿߺһֱڱչеУֹһΣ½λ½ʥиǹͷ֮ƣҪԸҥԣõİ취޿ʵȥ
ˣƬ̣ʱе
ʦֶѾ˲ڶ桢ʦܵΪ¶ɹ٣һսǲڰ˽ǿߡ֣ɶ塢λʦܸ֮һʧ
˵ţʱƵĻֵôô֪ͨɣǸ¼Щνһʲôľţ
ãʦֶƺԵһһܹһס½ӣ
˵ţϸֳһ˿̣ȵ½Ӽʦֶʱͻ֪νʥνţ

򽻽ӴӰԼٶǰš
ǵȫٸ·һ޴ĳнĳ˵ҰС
δ̤еУѾܹĿе֮ĴСݡۡɽ񽢲ϵﲻ
Ӱ½ӡ½ܿһˡ
ǰǰһҪͨǳأΪǣڲɽΣѾЩѹԱȻҪ췵ʱĺ϶ǳ࣬ǹȥĻӦú׾ҵǰĺࡣ
½ӿǰַǷĳе
ӣںôѾʥǿˣݵλڸ󶥼ŵ߽̫ϳϣһ˽˵񽢶ûУƺЩԲŶ
½ܿǰķͧɽЦ˵
йһҵ˼һʵ̫󣬶ǼƷԪʯǳܹټϣһ񽢣ûӦĲԱͬûʲôΪ
½ЩΡ
һ񽢣ȷʵǰԤĿ֮һ
ƷԪʯڻΪƷԪʯô
½ܿɨһۣȤڿµһڣռݵĸĵرÿһλ϶Ǹͣ˵ЩԼΪﵽ߽׵̫ϳˣϿҶĴָ˵ͻһ񽢡
Ȼô봢ָ
½Ҳҡҡͷϳװһ񽢣ǴָڵĿռþ޴󵽺εȳ̶ȣ
½ܿһٴߴ£ǽ˵Ĵָ˳
Ȼָ̽ʱȴסˡ
񽢡
ָУȻĴһ񽢡
òᱻ˵˰ɣ
һԵ½ܿ½ӵ쳣æѯʡ
½ɫŹֵĵ˵ͷָУȷʵһ񽢡˵ܹһ񽢵Ĵָ۸ǲһ񽢶ٰɣڡ
ӣҶ˵ˣڵĸԣ̶ȲܹģԹһڣԶԶ˵⣬Ȼɱħڲħڣ׺սˣɴ˿ɼ֮Ϊһλ߽̫ϳϣмʮƷԪʯļҲ
ʮ򡭡
뵽źȻϵľƷԪʯ
½Ӳòһʵ
ͬʮ󶥼ţڶԣʵ̫
Ҳ˵궫ȫʢʱʱֻʮŵΣĩβÿһԶԪ統սǿᣬλеʮ˵ںɱħڵûˡ
һֱռһڵţʱˣֽͬˣ߼Ȼûʲôɱԡ
ѾˣȥټһЩԱֱǰɣһԺҪܶˡ
½ӵ
ãڽǣġʿңɻʻ񽢵ʿȴࡣ
½ܿӦһһ˺ܿת䷽ǡ
ѯƬ̣˳ĹӶһλʿǩʮԼά񽢵Ļ̻ѵʱ䲻ʱ
Ȼ½ӵ˵ٶǼ죬ɵǴ뿪ʱһжʮȻѸٵĴ˷Χ˹
ΨһͬһΧĲڡͥ¥ңڵ׷ߣԴѧԺ
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ѧԺһжʮΪģΪΪ׵ȻǴѧԺĹƹס£˵һãֹ߽ΪǾͨϻ֮ϰ˽ǿ߶ܿһ
λ
½ӹ˹֡
½ʥѾͷǴѧԺѾ֪Ϊ˴ʦڣΪ˾˵ǴʥҲ³ǴѧԺûκһܹӻᣬ뽫ύǣǴѧԺԻᱣ֤İȫ
ƹɫеԵΪ
½ӣʥǿߣȫźƽȶԻʸ
ɣʥǿߣͬʥǿߣкξ֮
½ܿɣ¥ͬʦڵѰ㣬½ߣѾ¥鷳ˣο᣿ҿҲһشѧԺĺá
ƹ׿˵½ܿ
һԵǽһ½ֻ֪ܿһ֪ڵɾֻʥǿ֮һǼʮǰϢˣǰǵõȷϣɾȻѾɹٶ꣬ɾͽʿټĽ鼰˫޵ףսֱ׷˽ǿߣȻǶҲûսʤİգԶʥݡ
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ƽǰ˲Сʱһ޴Ļ԰ǰͣ
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˵⣬ȴЦҡҡͷҪλ³ֽ͵磬ҪĵĹѫǸ֣ʱ޷롣
½ˣЩ棺һǰѰѪ𣬲Ϊ˹޵һսҪõѪϵĿռ䴫;ᣬ֪ǿռ䴫;Ƿܹͻ硣
ռ䴫;ᡣ
ˣȴֱҡͷʮǰõһſռ䴫;ᣬҪսʧˣǿԽռ䡣
ʧˣ
ʵĻ½һѰѪҪĿıǿռ䴫;ᣬ¿ռ䴫;δõȴ֪ռ䴫;Ტûнս
ϣδչ֣Ȼ
ѵҾҪһֱ磡


 Թ
ӣȻɹ˥٣ͬҪùѫǲѣҪΰɽ֮ҪĹѫʮ򡢰ƣǧ꣬һ죬ܹȻأ㲻ɾͽؾټǧ꣬δûϣܳɾɣһɰ࣬ռ䷨򣬴硣
ʿ½ɫ٣ʱȰο
ǧꡭ
½ҡҡͷ
ǻ۹ѫλΰɳ磬ǧɾ磬ȫ̫
ҵȲôãƻļƻűȵˣʮ꣬ȻٶȽ٣ʱ򺬺޳֣йصѣȻ䶾֣ˣʮ꣬ұǰ罫׽
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½ӵĻüͷʮ̫꣬ˣҲ߲ݵִ񣬶ʮҲܴɴ˳ֵĹ׹ѫʮɣͬܲʵ
½ĬȻ
ܲԶѪ޵λǿߴúңн⾳ʼǿĿѣԣ𺳲ѣгص½ȴûаֹۿ˼
ȵȣǰȥֻΪ˽ʥ
ʱʷ·뵽ʲôʱǰһ
ţʲô
ֻʱǰĻδûпܣλɵŸָЩִеصսĳһսһǲ֪磬ֻҪþѡһ粻Զλɴ˱Ȼ㴫磬ûͨѫ뽵һĵĹѫҪٵö࣡
¿ٸϸȥ
Ļʱ½ǰһֹˣܹ㹻Ŀռ䴫;ᣬ·ʱ䶼ܽԼ
ԣȷʵˣȻǰ񣡡
˵ţһͼ˳總нɽպӡƺյκһʮ⣬ĻлԪ硢硢磬ɶ磬ѾС
л𣡡
½ӽͼ£ʥص۹ȥ񡣡
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ռ䴫;ᣡ
½ӵĿתѪ
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Ѫɾһֱ죬վ޵ܱȼ磬޵㾡ȫ޵ֵܷӵ£һɻԵȻɢ
ѹ£Ȼ޵ӵ޵֣ȻֱӱѪɷ飬ΪѪ
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޵ϯ޵ֱ֮ƿ룬ٶȿ쵽˼顣
޵𣡡
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Χ۵˿һĻһͬʱ˾
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ʵһλ۷ĸ֣۽ʶԶ統еκһˣɼˣѪս츳ȻΪ֮̾
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Ѫ𣡡
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ܴһЩصǿ߲֮С
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š
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ѪˣǰѪ𣬲޶⣬ֻϣܵѪղصĿռ䴫;һãԸһ֮Ѫһ
ѪĿ½һۣҲء
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Ѫͫ½ӣǻˣᱻû䣬½ӡ
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ΪѪشҪնɱһǿߴӶ£˵պǿ߻᲻Ź𡢴ǿ߲׷кͣκεһλش𣡣
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λǿЦţȴǻȻҿ
ӣռ䴫;ڱصá
Ѫ֣Ȼһᣬһ޵Ŀռ䲨ᵱɢ
ռ䴫;ᣬ½Ӻһ֣ǴѪԸң½Ըϵκһн
֪ռ䴫;ζʲôôζһ
Ѫɨ½һۣһ̣αˣͬʱһʱ佫ռ䴫;˺ѡ
Ҫ
½ӴʧɫһʱѪȥҪֹռ䴫;ʹá
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𣬽֮£ѪˣȬһǰȥֻв֮𣡡
Ѫڿռ䴫;İ£ɲǼ˿ռ䲨½һץȴֻץסѪһӰ

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һѾ½ࡣ
½ӿſſռ䴫;ʧٵѪ𣬲ĬȻ
ôҲû뵽Ѫһ̾ԥ˺ѿռ䴫;ᣬ˵ء
Ԭӽ桢ڿѪȻ˺ѿռ䴫;룬Ǿü֣ɰʣȴ˵ʲô
ӣһλǿߣѪв̫ˣǰǣ롭
ʿʧٵѪ𣬶ʱ΢΢һ̾
ѪȻа취õռ䴫;ᣬôȻҲܹҵ취ߣȥλǿɽ֮˵


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ʮа˾ţҲһλ⾳ǿߣȻҿ˵еѪ
ʥص۹Ȼ˵ڶλ⾳ǿߣҺͽʰеĵʽáӣԺӶԴʥص۹̬ˡ
桢ӽ
һЩܱĽƴߡʥҲ⣬׷׽һϢԼ
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ԡ
ռ䴫;Ѿںܸ߼ıͨûֲεӦǰЩӵиߵĴͳвУһͳУ۹׶
ȥ۹
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ǳơȻûкλ⾳ǿ߶Իʸ񣬵½ǰ˹ֵǴǰ۶ˡ
λºܹ۹۹֮ң
Цһ̽Եѯһ䣺֪λºʥص۹ҹǺιϵ
һԵڿĳ½Ϊ̨ºĵһ䣺λ𡣡
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Ҫ˵ʲôǻһ˵ڣȴʱںУҲ˵ͬʱɴ۾ǰ½ӣһţ
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ʿһ棬һã
½Ӳ֪Լݵԭ򣬵ǫĵһǽͻƵ𾳣վҵĳܹõʵĽ̵֮ҡ
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ԲĻɶԽʰеĵʣȴûаֻɣһæһ񣺡۹ǣ𡣡
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½ȻһƵģȴȻû˰ǰӦе⡣
ʱףΪ½Ѫ޵սҿѪˣңѪΪβֹ֣һʱ˺˿ռ䴫;ߣ
½Ӳ֪ҲѪһ棬ǡ

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𾪣½ӵˣܿ۶
񽢣κεطݵλοϻ۹ݵλ൱ʥص۹ҹ棬Ĵ£ֱӽ۶һ㳡ϡ
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Ϊ½ӽţʱȻ̣ЩʶԵĶʮ˽⡣
ʽʱѾһֻλƴߴӵľ飬սֵ࣬һС
۹ǰִºܸߣ䲼󣬵ȼǼߣ֪Ҫִк񣿡
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ʵһ
ȻڽʥεʡλҲ
˵ţһѾ񷢷Ŀ
λͳԽλǧµĲҲǳ
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½ҡҡͷջ
ʳƬ̣Կҵսʱʶ˲ķǿߣǵƽȻܼңԶ㹻Ŀռ䴫;ᣬܹĽԼ·ʱ䡣
˵䣬Ѿ
ֻǡ
Ƭ̺ȻһƬհס
һʱ䣬ʿ½ӵĿⲻһ˿Ǹ⣺ֻ취ִͨ㹻ĹѫԹѫһǰ硢硢硢Ԫ硢պӡƺɽȵִе񡣡
½ˣɫвЩʧ
һ˵һпռ䴫;񡣡
ʵ˵ͷӦ
ֻһĺȻһƬհס
ӣҪ٣۶Ʋ½һ½ȼߵڲʥʥ½Ϊǿһ۹۶ʹƵʣǿߵɽ򡢻ҽ֮졢ʵҪ߳ļʮϰٱȥ￴˵
Ȱ
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Э½ӣҲϣʱ½ܹΪһЩϢܵĻ붯ɣĳλɼǿ˺գٴ˵أǻعսع硣
ʣλˣǿѰҿռ䴫;񣿡
һ˶ԻСѯʵ
½ӵ˵ͷ
һĪ֪һ񣿡
ÿһе񶼲ͬһпռ䴫;Ҳ֪õϢʮĴ󶥼е̻ᵱУпռ䴫;ᣬҴг۵˼
̻пռ䴫;ᣡ
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ʮа˾ġ̻ΪܹԼ̻ǰƽÿ궼һƷչЩƷǼ۸ͻгۣһƷչϣпռ䴫;ᡣ
á
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½ˣüͷ̻пռ䴫;ᣬҴۣ۸ԲͰɣϣûж񡭡
˻һ΢΢˼Ƭ̺ŵ̻ᾡʮĴ󶥼е壬᳤˾ͽڽʰȴֻǵ𣬲ֵһᡭ
ֱⷬһľλʰǿ֮⣬Ǵ㶯ǿ
̻Ȼ˵ãһλǿߴ䶯ǿ˵ǿȡһռ䴫;ˣ㽫׾١



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ȥ̻ᡣ
½ӵ
ռ䴫;ϵǷܹĻһΣڱصá
ãͬȥ񽢡
ʵ˵ͷ
½ܹһ磬ҲһЩҪ½Ӱæȥ
һöԴȥ̻һĻһ£ɫиκελˡ
½ӵ˵ͷҪ˵ʲôɾڴʱɫ΢΢һ䣬һ鴫Ѷ½ǰǱЩ鷳Ҫ
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ҹԤԹָ޵ʱ»ܵŵ
ŵˣ
ǣѾɱ޵޵ܵݻ٣޵ʮĴûüƣŵλ̫ϳϷѪ񡢺齣٣棬Ҵгʤ׷޵ǿɱʥص۹֮ƣ
ô
½һΣ
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ѹʥص۹ͷϵһɽڶһǵ֮İʥص۹Ȼǵϸϡ
λ⾳ǿߡ
½ȴһΪʮĴ󶥼ӵеԴ̱Ȼɣ
½һʣʵ˶ʱӦ˹
¼ĻӦռŶ󲿷Դʥص۹۹ӽ̵ƣŵܹõóֵǲλŵۺϼֵԲǧ񡣡
Ǻǣһ̻ռ䴫;͹ˡ
Ц˵
ֱӸλʮĴ󶥼еỊֱ̇öͷ麹ֱð

ǿߵİ
ʮĴ󶥼ȥޣЩǿǰȴǷֿ
ȥҹ
½ӵһ£תֱʥص۹ȥ
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ҹһ½ӣʱһε
ﲻ㡣
½ҡͷһһ䣺ŵλ⾳ǿģ
޵ĸѾ۶ǧɭľˣλ⾳ǿߣܲҹʥص۹ҳ֣ʮа˾Ҳβɭľǡ
˵⣬ҹ΢΢һ٣ЩɵңҲ²ⲻĻӦòλ⾳ǿߡλ
⾳ǿߣ
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⾳ǿ߲ŵˣӣ磬ʥص۹ӦΪʥص۹µҶ
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Ȼλ⾳ǿߡ
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ˣͳǰȥ󡣡
á
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𡭡
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ȻûһǹǵɲǼתɿֲ⡣
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Ҫ
ˣ顭
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ֻǣλȻûҪˡǵ˼ǿĽѹɲǼ佫ǵľͳͳλ⾳ǿе˲ɢ
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ҹʧȥϢֱ׹µλ⾳ǿߣֱöֹסĺⲻϵӿ֡
⣡
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ƣֱǡ
Ľзʽ̫ˣǵĽȫ汬Ǹһͨķǿ߶Եֵλǿ񣬻ֻҪסǵĽ⣬׾٣ܽնɱ
ʿλĽ⾳ǿߣ΢΢ҡҡͷ
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Ϊ̫޷ϣȫµĽ⣬ܽǵľǸ編˽ǿȴû׶ˡ
ڳϣ߲һΡ
ʥʽڵľܹȫ⣬žǺЩ⾳ǿһΰɡ
½ӿһλĽ⾳ǿߣۡ
Щƴߡ
½ɭľһɨ
ͨƴʶǰɱİҽʦȴӡ
һģɭľһԺʱΪηۣλƴԼͬһԺ䵱еλƴߣֱӱΪηۡ
Щ껹Ժ½ӽһĽƴߣ˿ǰѾ


һʮ 
ʣµĽƴ޷жϣҹ¾ͽˡ
ģһЩƴߣҾǷκλ
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⾳ǿ߶ϽƴߣǴݿ࣬ƺܿ챻ƽ
ӣźҪնɱΪǸСѾͷĻ͵þˣ˶ã˵㻹Ҫȥһˣʱ֪һλǿҪԸԻһʱжԶܶԶ
ʿ½ӵ
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ȷһ⡣
ǽʰϵǿߣδгһշʥص۹Ȼʥص۹ɻԵĴϾܳפʥص۹
Ƿͷжɣȥһ˼ɡ
Цŵ
ˡ
޷ЩܹĽԼĽģ֤ԼȻЩֶΣɻκβҡ
ɫΪɡ
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򣬼Ļһλ⾳ǿߣȴδ޷ͳͳնɱˡ
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ġ
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л֣ȥš
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ʵ˵ͷܿѲսضȥ
ȥ½Ҳڵʱ䡣
ˣȥţҹ£Щƴ߽㣬⣬ͬȥŵһЩܹȫǵı¡
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½ӵĻʱҹһϲ
ֻһˣмźһЩ֮ЩֵȴҪѴʱȻᡣ
ɾЩǲĶȴʥص۹ĹϼһԾʮĴ󶥼С

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Ѫ񡢺齣ٶʵ̫죬ڷɭľǵϢ
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λ⾳ǿ߶
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｣΢΢һֲӵ㣬ȻܹԶԪ磿ңŶʮǰԶԪ䣬ھǴԪĿҪԶԪ綼üѡ
｣΢΢䣬һͷ۲εĽ˲ɱܵһʱὣסһȴͷ۵ϯŷɳ񽢡

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ڵ桢һͥ½ķǿԪУγ˼ӣĽս봢ָҪ룬ǾԻһʱҽֹ
齣˵⣬΢΢һ٣һʲôսˣսȭпԺߵ񣬺ͽЩƣѾԪͬƲвϾ뷨ʱж̣ؼ棡ڵľţᣬֹе˷Σ˽⣬ųƽ޵֣µǡ˵һСͨսӰ
Сͨ
½ӵһʡ
ԣСͨͨ˷յֶΣҲÿһλ˶ܹ޳ͨÿһֻܹͨܶþ춯ݣСͨͨƷ൱ͨΣܲͨڷ׶αһ޳ɣǶԷͬͨȻͬ޵еĴڡ
齣˵ţ΢΢һ٣սӰһʮСͨѰСͨһΨнǿΪɽսӰͨĸڽ⣬һŽֶͨΡ
Ϊͨ
ԣǶڵųƶڣҵ۸Ǻųƴ޵֣֮µһˣԭһСͨСͨܣԽ˽⣬Խ֮ϵĳƺš
Сͨ
ӦòڣϾֻнأδɹ˥٣ǿȲԽͨɼСͨƤëҲȻʮֿ£ټϵ˵űȼصսҾɣ
û޳Ǿ͹ˣȫǰǣڵĵһϣ棬ͬ⣡



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¥ڣһλȥ߳ƣɷȲϣͨ
ǰһﵽƷεգǻƣΪĲתɭɭ⣬Ǳ񽣵ɢ·ŤգֱøλɫȻ
ߣղŶڵӰƺ·ʲôδʣǷɴ֣Ƚ£
λӵеһˣȻǵʥǿ֮һһ
һһΪѾ߽׼£˽ͫиҫƺﵽ׽٣صĲΡ
ֻǲ֪ĲдͼıԵʣΪֹɽ١
档
ͨӣһľţ档
һĻ۾սڵĳǽһۣһûʱ򡣡
ڶڡѧԺʥʽڡţ¥ңڡЩ뷨϶ҲЩʥɱĲ˰ɣ˵ҷڵ־ֻͳһڣӵնɱʥͽ׹ƿء
һû˵꣬ĿѾ䵽ϡ
ɵĿв̺ɭ֮⣬ɲǼ䣬һȴһֻ±ǧͬʱ͸Ĵֱ亹ֱ硣
ڻҵľô
˵ţгĮȻƵ
ҲңͥԵԴհڵľûа顣
һ곤һЩλæ֡
ʱмʮǰһǿڴ˿󲻵ԵֱͥŴ󶥼Ԫܹıϥ
ɨһԪһۣĵһˣ֪
ס
ԪæϹӦŵ
һԵһҲһ
ֻǺԪͬǣһȴǳŲʡ
ǺεȵûκηǿߵĽ̵ȴս⣬ŵԶκһ󶥼ŵ£ܺ;иɵ˲УλĴʥ֮һ츳϶ԣŲκһˡ
ǰҲ⡣
λڶλͥյĳɾ;Ը֮ϡ
˿ǧ㲻ʣ㲻Ըֻܹܣͷ
ʲôôǣ
ڳ¥еٶȳʱһȣͻȻԳ¥⴫һԪ˼ĿȥʱӰƿն
Ƕڵķǿ齣
˭ȻԺ齣У˴ηصķǿ߹ʮˣʮһˣͻƾˣʮˣʮˣʮȥǵɽʣʮˡʮλǿûдˣ
һԪ˶ʱɫһݡ
˵ĵԭڳǽսһӰϻȻվַǾ޴սϣҪ봢ָС
ˣ
սޱ𲻵Ƭ̣ȴٶ䣬һȦȦȻɢսĳǽλ³ִѷ졣
һĻӰɫ΢΢һ䡣
ߣ޴һǰսʱͿĨһЩֿۣƽ£һҪװ봢ָʱſռ䣬ֹ佫ս봢ָС
һЦ
ͳȥᶫڵ齣Ϻλǿߣ
Ԫֶʾ
浭ĵ˵ͷҪ˵ʲôʱͻȻһƣһɨɫ΢΢һ䣺ִе׼ƻ
׼ƻ
Ԫ΢΢һϷӦ˹ɫȻӦȵǣ
һ̣ѾȻ˳ȥǿߵϢɢףɲǼ䴫鷽ԲϰӰϣҪʲôսڴвʥսȥĪȥͶ岻ɣ
սЩӰ봢ָǽ𵴺󣬱в˽ĿǸͶ˹˿ԪĴԼظɫͬʱһ䣬Ѹٵǽ
ֶۣΣ
ӰսɨһۣȴǸԪս޾Ҫȥ齣ϡ½ӻϡ
սвʥκ˴ߣսޣ
һ󱬺ȽһȻɱͬʱһɳս⣬ŰԾµȭȻУ·ֳһɫӰɶȥ
̫ȭ
Сҹ
ӰϷһͳɳƵŭһӣз·һεϣϲѹǰݺյĽӰһ顣
սޣ
Ԫŭţһһ޹ɲǣȻӰɱȥ
Ԫͥôĵӣס֣
齣һȣδһֲľ޽Ѿ£޽ѺۣЩѺȴδ޽ôɢĹԣֱκ˿Ŀѣ֮С
ԪЩҫһ㱼䣬Ǳ޽ѾȻ£һʱ䷴Ӧ̬Ȼһն÷׹£ֱԺ¥ײɷ顣
Ƕڵ齣ϣ
ͥԪһôˣ׷ʲô£
ػս޵λӰƺҲˣԪԣڵӰսͶʥ⵽ô£
Щ˷߿λǿߵɱһԡ
齣
ӰϿսɲ齣ֻ࣬սʵ̫أӰϼ翸նʮּѣò̤ɽάβ׹
ַۣĩڴս޵ˣˣȲҪǾߣ
齣ѸٸɨһӰϿŵսޣ΢ȴûйͣ½һһһסӰϣҪתȥ
ڣôս޴ߣҪ𣿡
ʱһͻȻд˳ţھգ̤նӸµĿˡ
棡𣡡
ǵĴ˴ǿǵɽݻٿռ䴫䣬ǵһ˶ʱ֡
𣬵׷ʲô£
֣˷·ͬʱҵĹһ㣬æ׷ʡ
磿
齣жʱӿֳŭ֮ɫ
Ȼ齣˿˵Ļᣬֱһһʹļ׵ģҸոյõ˵ϢڵǰһִģɥĲ񵽽赶ɱˣǰ֪ʥһ˵٣ʥ֮ɱڵˣʥĺƾͼʹŶʮλǿ룬ڵǵ˵Ϊͬ磬ݣ


ٶʮ ָ
գŶڵ״ɫиǳͷŭ
ⷬﰵɲǼ䴫˷Բϰⷬȫˣһɫгš
ʮλǿ룿ʮˡôܣ
˾ȻˣôΪ˺ƣָҵΪ²ںʥԡѪɱսϣСݺ
ôնɱʥʮôܺʥл᲻ʲôᣡ
׷ʲô£ѵҪ𣡣
ⷬڷӦһĪһЩֱ̲סԶʹ⣬һЩбǵپдΣһʱ䳡
ѪˣѪˣ棡ҲеȻ˵ߵڰףͲȱ˥𣡣
齣ϱ뽫ڵնĿ¶ȻΪǿһңһеι̵ϡ
еöˣкη壿Ƕڵ·һʱҪսޣҪΨһܹвʥսޣҪͶ壬ǶڵĹӲд𣿡
ԴǵĴѵ⣬ȫǡ
һԪţڵԽԽˣǰħڻ๴ᣬ岻ħΪ飬ĿħߵԪ׳Ϊһ¾Ȼֹ壬ݺֻΪ켺Ƕһ˽Ϊ˴ﵽԼĿʿڲˣԣͲµʱ׺䶥𣿡
ںԣߵڰף棬޵ڣڹʥҪݺǶֻвڵҰģֹҪıǾȻһңǣһǺ޳ֵܵز
齣Ϸŭָʹ⡣
齣Ƕͼذ˰ɣǵʾתָҪݺҪݺŵķǿߣǺǾкγԹ򣬼ҪݺΪʲôҪԼŵĵܵȥĿŵܵϣݺ֮Ѳɣ㻹˵Ƕڲڵļƻɱ
Ц̺ŭƽ͵Ȼκ˵ӡţ¾ŭЦɼзŭ˺εȳ̶ȡ
ǡ
齣Ͼ֪ܲܵζʮа˾ܹ²⣬¡
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齣ҪٶȷѾȻ֣齣Ƕڹʥ¶ǵ͵Ϯռ䴫٣Ӷʹһ嵱У¾ȻǣĿЩĸĿãؿɼмǶѴֻ࣬ǣǿڿ˵ں年ᣬʲô֤ݣ֤ݣɸҺҵ෨ǿǷغ󣬵ʣ
кβң
齣ϷȻӦȣǶЩСˣ
ɣ
齣ϻһ˵꣬һӰæһ˾֮ߣıڴˣ޷ս޴ߣһ޷սޣȵڵ·أǿг֣ս޾ͽ˲ǸʱǶڽʧȥڿʸ񡣡
ǣǾʹȥʵǶں年ʵ
齣ϵ
ôô
濴齣ϣɫĮȻгŶͽıġ
Щĸʿ齣һ˵ĿͬóĲ綫ڵԶֻܹϵĶ¼齣ԥеб
һձӵĿҽǿˣ齣Ӧڴ˺ǶʣһȵڵĳأͻԷŭΪڲɷ˵ֽһɱҪ齣Ҳɣɸħģǣ
ʱһԵ½ͻȻ
˻һ齣ϡӰͬʱǰһ
ڵľţ齣ϲһλŵǰȥע
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濴½˵
Ҳ˭ֻ㣬Ҳҷģ
кβңȴԸҪȫ齣ǶݺڣڵһŹǣ
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á
浭Цһĵħģڲݺڣڵ˲նɱҵʦ壬Ըħˡ
㡭
齣Եоڲں年֮£ֻڶϣʱȻŭ
棬ýطǿߣŪϷ飿
½ʵ
ţ
ȴ۶ŶˣǶڵЦҷģұԣֳԴǲţǺξģҿǲǣ
ٶȸģ˵ںûаֹᣡ˴ǰǵɽһҪݻٿռ䴫󣬾ûаֺ˾ģ𣡣
齣ŭţȡ

齣ϵĻٶȴЦЦЦǶڽ浱ʲôˣǰȻģ㻹ҪΣƣΪ˿ɫıʣģԣҲ齣Ƕ֮˿ɸģ˵Ƕûǵɽһɱҵʦ壿
棬Ƿ
ǷҪصǣģˣµģǸ𣡣
˵⣬λȻǰ±ֲϢȣǶڲڣˣǹϴǶڲδɱڵ˵ˣǸҲң
㡭
齣ԶԵģԭѾƫ˶ʱһ֣бأЩͨҲڣһ̣ͬʱ
벻ھɥĲ񣡡
˾Ȼڶڵϣǰ˻ԡѪɱһͷʥնɱûǰһѪսУȻڵɱ
ͽͽھߵͽ
ִеǰĹؼʱ̶ΪԼ˽飬ֱ
Щʿһŭĺţе齣ϡӰϡ½
ǡǡ
齣϶ʱŭģһѪȻ¶
齣ϣ
½һʱ齣󣬷סΡ
Ҫʵװƭˡ
濴齣ϱÿѪЦ˿ûдŹ˼
ſڣҪٶȳȣɾڴʱһЩͻȻԶ˹
ڵıΪڻǰЩʥװƭ˵棬ڲŶԣ
һ̣һ͵СͷƿնѸٶǷվŵģȻǰ;ʥһսشѲõŷǿߡ


ٶʮ ߳ŭ
𣡡
ŵ𣡡
ڵĵǱǱͷʥǣԭᲽζ󳾱˳ս¿û£ŵڷˡ
ղ˵ʲô˵ô£
ڵΪЩʥѲЩʥйϵ
˿Զһ׷׿ڣһЩٶ¶˳֮ɫĿⲻϵ桢أ֪˭˭
𣡡
濴ӰһάƽȻģź֮ǲʲôᡭ
ˣ
滰û˵꣬ѾŭŽĻִϣΪһѪ̲סĿ
δɶŭ
һԵ½ܿæ
ʱһܹվҿڵĿ̸ʲô̸ʲôɱʥ
һǿнѹ£е棬ȣ棬ڵĵʥݺһڷʥǰ׶м𣡣
ԭǷʥǰĲҽС
ĻŵĶʱһ룺𣬶ҳԣȴ˵ʥĻܹôʥǵĵˣȫǰ䣬ĿľΪ˻ڳˣ˭᲻ԸߵĻȥһͷʥ˼ʮΣհ
棬ƾ׶ûаôڵĿѾųںΪ飬ź޹ϸٲǵĹϽȻһֻʥɱŵķһΣʥһӵϣųΪƽأ
Ͳϻֱŵ
֪ڸʲô𣿡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һߵ½ܿһۣˣȻڵ߲ͣĹƻ󣬲ŻִҾ֪ҰĲͼıѾãǵɽԲǵһı
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ţڵĿһȫҿ
濴ԭѾȫʿٶȶҡʱײָܹȥȵһɺԣȫһɺԣԲ˵ֻʹȫŵڣʮа˾ţǶڵ½ܿŴŮԪ統ЩŸָãټħϵУ˵һЩܹӰ˵־ˣԲ
һ˵꣬ѾȻ֣ΧתǱ񽣱ҫ۵Ľ⣬Я˺Ѳķâֱ½ܿնɱȥ
Ůʮǰħݣѳ¥ʱӦñһɱھʹ¥Ż
˵ı߳ŭʱ˿̣˭ͼذ֣
齣ŭһҪ֡
Ȼеٶȱ졣
½һѹȻֱ֣оԼԪƿ˥Ǳ̺
½һָ̤ɽĽǱâ񽣣һɡ
򣡣
о½ӳֵܣͫȻһһ˿⣬Ȼһ˿˲Ƭ̣ѾѸɢֻһֶλȲεסң
ηݣһ콣
Ǳ񽣶ʱɻ֡
Ǳɽ磬ҪΨһܹвʥս޴ߣ׸壬ҲıóѣԪһһ֣սޣ
θߺţͬʱһĳХХɢǰ
ХǷǰɰϢʱֱԼٶɱ
ͻı仯ЩΧǶʱŭѡ
ʱǷӦٳٶۣҲǰʮа˾űɱˣЩİס
һʱ䣬Щڻڵĵ⣬ȫ
벻ھȱ޳ܣ
ǰ˷ǿߣĹ󣬺βѻ˵
ѵĹ壿Ϊʿ˱棡
Щʿĳɫһ
ڵĶ塢ͣ
ɫ΢΢һ䣺ǰߣ˿ȫʣµЩɢ޸ֵʥ֣
ȻֻҪܹǵĿģĻӰϣսߣ
齣һγһ޽ϺХγһƬ·˺ѲĽӰ׼ɱȥ
ٽ
Ԫ
һȣԪʱɱ£̫ȭȫݺݵĺ齣ϼƬӰϡ
ԼȻ仯Ŀ꣬һʱӰɱȥǿĽбХ䣬಻·۳ⱬɱ˸ûаһ㡣
ӰϣСģѾὣƤëһЩԴɢǻգû۵㹻ĳ̶Ⱥһ⽫ЩɢĽ⳹ӶԶǿ⣬Ȼͬǿ߶޷ֵ
齣æ󺰡
Ӱɫ΢䣬˿̵սޣβ㣬޷ܿĽ⣬һ治ϵĽЩȥһﵽܹγὣĲΣὣͨһ
Ӱϣȴս޷ŷ棬Ը
½һǿĽϱĽײЩ
½ⷬһԼģһԴԴı޾ĺ½ײ
ӣҪĽ⣬ֱնɱı𣡡
齣ϿԼ½ȻѡַӲƴ´һ
ӣ
Ҫɱ½ܿһ齣ϵĴ󺰣ȻһĿ˲䵽½ϣб˺˵ɱѹ֣ѹһʼʹϸܵϤϢԭ㣡½ӣԭ㣡㾹Ȼû
½ӣ
ڲϱ߶֣ԭƵϷƵɫϱɱ䣺½ӣ궫λٳ˵Ԫ½ʥնɱʦܣ
ֹɣȻ㣬Ҳһ
½뵽ղŶ½ܿȻֵһĻȻ泹д̡

бŭĴЦɱңĪ㵱Ϊ˽⣬һܹκεˣʦû㹻ĳɳʱŻϣ棬Ѿɹ׽٣ɾͷ⣬һСͨƾҵͣȻǿ߶һսƾʲôɱңûܺãǳãվΪʦܱѩޣֽң
ЦУһ·оĽ⺷Ȼֵ֣ɲǣ½ЩԭĽ·𱻼һ㣬ٶγɣǵӳԡ
ὣ


ٶʮ 峡
ӣ
Сģ
齣ϡͬʱ˽к
أ
һǣ£ɢĽ⼸ͬʱնɱ½ӵ굱УɲǼ½ȻȻǿնɱ£ǳִѷ죡
ȻŰ½ͥʱƼӰ֣һȦȦԽΪɢһȦӰ£½ӶĸӦὣ⼸ﵽ£СͨԺһһ֡

УȻڻصţųͲ̡
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ڵľţûڵʱԶԪ䵱УȻԼĽ£
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Цݻɢ½ԭЩȥ겨ٶƽۡ
ὣڲϵĥУѸɢĹޡ
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ԭЩ֮ɫ齣ϡӰϡ½ܿˣظһ
վὣСͨնɱѰǿߣɶѾɹ˥٣ﵽ겻ε½Ӷԣв
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Žνǽ˼£һרΪöͨһɣ⵫ﻤֵʿһն֮
½磬˿ûشģ
ղһѾὣ˽ﵽһΪĵز
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۾ŵĽкƬ̣·뵽ʲôͫȻһǽǿߣ
ҲҵĽ⣬ƲȻػΣʱȴܹɲǼޱǿ󣡡
½һָǿĽŴľڿնЯŴݿܣɲǼնɱ
أ
𵴡
һɲǼ䱬һ⣬Ȼѡ
ɼһȻоԼ·𱻾޴ݺݺһ㣬ֱһͷĿѣҪ˺ѡ
أ½ӵ׽ٶɹΪ¾ȻܹصĲΣô
зʹźԭ½Ϊնɱ½Ϊɱϲô˿Ѿ˱Ŀ־塣
ÿµĽ⣡ǿ֮񰡣ǻ겻εĽ⾳ǿߣҲ޷һⷽ㽫֮£½ӵĽܣȻͨĽǿߡ
һҪɱ½ܿһʱһ£һʱ֣ˡ
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ÿһֽԸͬЩ˵Ľɱ¾Щ˵Ľ췣Щ˵ĽսЩ˵Ľ
һߵȫʱ佣ܣͻɱ෴
½ӵĽػǰػĿ֣ˣ½ӵĽܹԶԭܡ
˿ܵĽ˺һλͨǿ֮ϡ

һУ½ٶһһն¡
ãסס͵ţ״ӣδԲܹ
֮Ȼ飬½ӽµѾ޾Ŀ־ɣǰݡ
½ӣ棬ưոݡ
һͺΪ˱ǱǧָʱҲòѡߡ
һӣһıʱ飬ܵĿռȻ𶯣ܿѾգۼʧ١
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ռ䴫;ᣡ
վ½ܿһ½ʥǰ΢΢һ
벻߾ȻҲȱ
棡
Ȼռ䴫;һԪ˶еЩͷԷ¡
һķӦǼ졣
½ǽǿߣ齣Ӱ϶һ⣬ŷΪټ½ܿλ˽Ĵڣֻһ֡
ߣ
һתѾڿն
ߵôһֳǱڽɽ̻̲գ죬Һֳһѩ޵ʱˡ
һˣԭվһ½ܿ˲ֲ֣ɱſ񱩵Ľ⣬Ȼһɱȥ
ֽ⡭Ѫơ
վ½ܿ½ʥһ
ҹ
һһȣֲսϲڣһսصʹ½ܿն굱еĽȻ޷˺ꡣ
ԪЩڵ߹û뵽³ɣһΣգڵһľǣ
齣û˵ƺ⣬ǽǰܵıȫͷţХУ⡢ȫ汬ɲǼ佫Ԫȫѹơ
ԪȻ˵ãվã齣ϵĶ֣գۼȻ᧿Σ
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Ϊͳһ磬ΪѾĻֻԼɥŴ˿̴ѧԺšңڡ¥ʥʽڵѾڵĿʹѶЩŵǰƺˣڱҪΪǵΪۡ
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ڼ󶥼ŵǿ߶ǧﷶΧǧضЩǿ߶ԣһʱܿԽϢǼ졣
ֹǶǰ˵ϢһսǴķзڵǷ񹴽壬ݺʮλǿߣ˫ִһʡ
ЩӵзǿĶõڵĴѶʱ˶ͬˣܳǣݶڷǹףͶڷͥԿ֮Ȼҡ
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涢½ǿƣ·𿴵ʲô˼һ㣺ԴȷʵǵԴʦƣ㾹Ȼɱ˵Դʦ壿⣬ôܣ
ֹԴе壡գ㣬棡
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½ӿλг־ڶţϣĿ£ҡͷ˵ҪҺͽ⣬½ӣδ⣬Ȼǲݣ͵вݲݵģ
ͫţȻģһ˿Ȱ½ӣǺο࣡ţţʮʱеȽصľ磬ֻҪܹɳȥպɶϣαΪһʱװԼҵʦѴѶңжʮձܸΪֵܹѯǶڵ齣ܴ󣬵ȥս֣ᷢż˽˶Թ㲻ʲôΨгɣɾɣɣ㣡Ϊ˳ɣһжܹ£һжܹᣬοڼСС֣
СС֣ҲΪ
½ӿǰһ棬ɫ䣺ôѰ½ӽűǣ㡭

ܵ½˲ɱ⣬ҽһҪߡ
Ǳһ⣬Ѿٶ½ϺХ

أ
γɵʶѸɢķ
һ̣ԭһ־棬еѸٻɢĴʧȥϢ
棬ھž޵һλᣬ⣬Сͨδǰ;ȴڵܲ½ϡ
½һĴָʶһɨȻзСͨὣзš
ɲɽղռȻˣֶܿ飡
һˣ½ӹ˲ÿ洢ָе콣һֱоԪΪŨ򡭡
ɾգ
Ʒգ
ĵرգ
ɵҩգ
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½ӿҪҪʩչֶνڵһԪʯʱͻȻһţһ̵ֻĴ⴫˽ʦܣʦܡ
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ΪθղʦܵƻͻȻˣʦܲôôֱʣ
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½ηݣ˸ֱȥΣ˵ȻʮУֻΪ֮
ʲôˣ
½ӷݶſڵĶʱʲôɫȻ䣺ôܻˣ
Сģ˾½ӣɱڶ桢Ԫ顢ԪʥɵȳϵӵףյʦĴѶǼǿ塢Դλʦ壬ϣʮа˾ţʦܸղҲˡ
ĶϿ½Ӻ󣬶ʱɫ䣬Ŷˣ죡ס󣬽Уõʦ塢ʦأһٻУ
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ʱ½Ӿʮ
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ȫ漤
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Ƽһ֮䣬ɢһȦۿɼһȦֹľ磬ɢʵ統С
ƼһνԼͶ䵽ĵط
һǣ·ͳͳʧ½ǰģΨнڵ㣬֮Ŀռڵ㣬޿ռ䣬һ͸Լǰչ֡
״̬£½һ̤
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顢Լٸʱɫ䣬·һ㣬һȻȥ
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ⲻܣرʱڷʮôӳ󷨣ѵ˲ͨɣ
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½ӻһ˵꣬ⲪĶ𡢶飬Լλٸֵܹ


ĲҽУλ߽ǿߣλ߸ϣһĶ飬ͬʱ
ˣ
顢˵ҽУ˲˵עǽأΧгƲϹ㡣
ЩһֱһڣаԵˣټΪɭϣеǱ룬һʱȻûдģĹ̽飬ֻǸһЩϡ
һݣ
½һɨĽֱӽλ׳һɱǿ޼ɵţǰɽбصĶʮλ߽̫ϳϻûüӦȻ½Խ׷ɱ
Ƕ벻ͨΪǶˣȻ׵ıɱˡ
Щչص̫ϳϱնɱɲǣƴŴеһλ׳ϼֱĴˡ
飡
飡
գۼ䣬ֻ߽ϻʸµƣһǣ㼸ʮ飬⼸ʮƵУжϵ˵Ĵڡ
뵽Ϊ֪ǰͻȻǰȥ̽飬ŽĺλΪĳ϶ʱһ£ڷӦ˹˲佫Ѷ˳
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½Цһûаͣ͵ĳֱ
ڴɱ¾Щչص߽̫ϳǰ½ѾΪԼѡ·Ǿա
յоܴŽ󷨣½Ӵ˿ֲҪԼ٣󷨵ֱӽ˺ѣƿնȥ
˺󷨵ͬʱкƵڲˣ
Щ׷Ըĳһɫ࣬ǵݶߵӰŭ
ŭ⣬ȴ˿׷֡
ԷȻܹɱ桢顢ǿߣΪ;ԲǷǷʿܿ⣬ټ϶ԷȥʱչֳĿֲٶȡ
׷ȥĻ׷׷һ⣬׷ˣҲ·һ

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֪㣬㻻һ½ӣȵڵĵǰأؽǶ𣡡
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½ȴЩһԶ鴢ָзСͷۣٶȷضڡ
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ںͶڵʮǰսǿߵһηغѾʼˣ𡢵֮һֱΪ˭ֻǰȻüңȴûгʲô̫
һβǰŸոմ𡢷ϼϵ˱˹޺½նɱ塢Դһնɱ桢б仯νһۣյӰǾκˣʹԭЩӦӲϾ
½ǿնɱ塢Դ˵Ϣȥ󣬵ʹúܶԭɻعڵЩߵʱҲڰкͶϵ
ȷǣڵɲ½նɱǰžԲľ
ϾҲʲô֮һԥͥԪһܿһ

ݣ
ӿĻ̻֮ʣ½ӼʻŶ˵ķۣ䵽˶ڡ
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Ҷϣ
½һ䵽ڣϾѸٵӭ˳
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˵ѩ½ܿ붯˻ǺǵһΡ
ѩʦ塣
½һѩк
ѩЦŵ˵ͷû˵ʲô
½Ӻѩϸ˵ѾΧ
Ҷϣڣնɱնɱһ棬ǲģ
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½Ӷ˹˹֣һһӦһߵ޺һܿģ
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ãȥѰܿɼ磬ʱԺ̸
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½ӵ˵ͷʱȺѩ˹ָȥ



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Ҫսھֻнȥһλɣյֻ׽ȴ̺󣬽ȥأټ޽ʹ˱ɽ߶ϣһ˿ɶλɲ·磡һöһսĵλܵϾս
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ÿһǾʱһսصң
½ӡ½ܿȻɱɱܾܴǿҵɷӰ˵־½Ӻ½ܿһɱ¾֮ͥһ˸ǵ겻ΣͲ󷨵ɢɷκΡ
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½Ӷǰ顣
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նɱЩɷѪͬʱ½ӵĿ䵽˾֮ϣⲪֱɱ
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Цţһߵֵ½ӽɱһ߲ϵǣɷѪ½ɱȥһʱ˵ս뽩ֵС
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쳣Ĳ½ܿ½ܿеɱ¾ͥħɱɱĻ£·𱻼һ㣬֮ƣǿҵɱһĳ½ܿ꣬ټĽǿɱ¾ͥڣȻ޷ֿ֮ơ
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أ
ὣûκλεĺ;նһ壬ɲǼ䣬𵴣ϡз·һƬӰԾɵһ
ԶԪ磡
ԶԪ־ӳ֣
ƬӰ˲Ƭ̣Ȼ

ˡ
ԶԪ־ӳֵֵס½ὣɲǣɱ¾ͥȻһһȦȦۿɼԪ粨ȻɢԪ룬ɱ¾ͥĽӰһ½ܿԪ˺һѷ죬ѷɲ⣬ֱͨ½ܿͥڣһȻ½ܿзͳͳ߽⡣
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ЩȻУǿȳֻǽ۷壬ûдﵽ겻ĲΣƫƫɱ¾ͥڲϣǿ˺½ܿþͨԪ½ܿ꣬£ɵĶἸκεֵ
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ţ󶥼ʮˣԷ̨⻺ղ˵ߣȻǴѧԺλһĺϡ

źɭɭɱΪ͵һ࣬ʹǵļƻй¶˳ȥûкĻȻšеԷʥϢҲаյһҡ
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ѹе˼΢ϼƣһһ۷ƲĴǷȥ



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ȻУǺľƷ壬Լ̺˴塭֪ɣһŴ嵱У̺һǧǳɾɣպͻĸԶѰ֮ϣЩˣ֮ӣһ
˵⣬΢΢һ٣ָİһָһ硣
һٸδһ塣
ʣòҵ½ӶȻѡ
һʱ䣬Щѹ֡
ӯȾţȥɳΪɣѶԸ
һҵ¿ڣΣҶĲκοܣȻǿƣҵҪӭѶϡ

Ӱо˸˸ңҶԼ½ʥȾڣδѷɫӯӡ
һΣȷʵûͬ
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ڳɾʱܷƷȴδ֪֮Ͼڵ½ѾûԪ磬ϵӯӡ
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ǶڼʥʽڣڣˣΨѰµԮ
ҵ
µԮʮУռˣڡʥʽڸռһˣʣɵҵڵġ
˵⣬ͫ΢΢һħڣ
ҵ˵ͷ꣬ħħйһ֮Եħȴ׼֮֮ҵȲͬٴ˴ǵɽ֣ħȴδû٣ŻħڵǱǵɽʡ۲ɱֻΪħսδǿԮսԡ
ҵۣ㡭ȻҪħڡ
ŲҵɫǸӣʿħʿϡ֪Ӧֹǡ
ħڡ
ҵҡҡͷǻħ𡣡


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˵ħڼƺ⣬ڵѽͳһͳһ硣
˿̣ħڵĻçȺɽУһ㣬Х
ԶڷĶ۲ҵʥ½ӣԼѧԺĹ
ԶѰħںЩ޷ܣΪȴòѡЭͶһǰ
ħڱڻçȺɽУֻǻçȺɽݺ᲻֪ǧǵɽΪ㣬ħأҪҵħڲ¡

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˵䣬һۣǴѧԺλĪǰӦøӦˡ
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磬Ҫһػߣ
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ΰɽ֮ף
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֮ϣɣɶԣǰ㲻ֵһĴڣϰһӵϣûжᱻɱøɸɾ
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ⷬǹڤڤעΰ־ڽɢȥ
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Ҫı˫ԼһʵԼºԸ


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ὣˣҪǰԽնɱĿ꣬ʹĿΧɢԵĽ⣬ڷͨɲǣЩɢĽȫɱЧ

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Ϊֱΰɽ֮ԭЩͣ͵ĽдţٶΪɽһǡ


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ڵԺʥʥ޲ߣһ̣նɱʥ½ϣǱס


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ʱʿɣʮλɣʮʮͨʮͨʿΪĴС



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µĲɾ̲סٶȽкܣܣ½ӣôΪ

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Ϊ׵һȣη·һ磬ֱ½ӳɱȥٶ֮죬ɡ潣ɾЩ϶ԷӰ
ӰСͨеһ
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ʮ 
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Ӱµ豬һһ⣬졣

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гŭΪɸʿų޷Ľǰ־棬ĽƺľҪ½ԣҪǿл顭


ʮ 
Ҿ齮ǿʿܰһλʿ֣֮
һХͷϱҫ۵ɫԣ·һɫգ޾ϵɢȥϯķڲһֻɫľ񽥽γӰһչ߷ɣƺƵѹʱϯ˷
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һХͷɫԵеӰʱ쳤ȫɲѹƺƵ˷ϯȥ

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ֻҪӦ֮ˣ֪ΪһжʧһλǾͨ󷨣ֵ֮ͨϵĶֻҪһ½ӣкβɣɶջ񣬾Ի½ӱļʮ
һֻҪһ½ӣ½һ·õĵر˵Ƕ޼ͼֵǧɾһɶмǧɾ
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ɻʣ̫̰ˣͲϢȥʹ½˵ķۣԸˣ
˵ĲƸûһɶ϶٣ɵ뷨ĻʥԸɵһ֮
һԵıɻɫ˵
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һɻʲʾһЩ½ϵǿԲҪΪ˵õ޼˵Ķˣ޼С
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ΪЩΣԽͣʿܿŨԪѸͻơ
ǰѪԨһˣѪԨɱ񣬲ɱ棬ϵľѪ塢ڵһóȥ۸񼫸ߣΨѪԨУҲѸٵĻչԴɾ
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ǰѪԨΣգҫңЩ׷ĴݵӣѾܹˡ


ٰʮ Թ֮
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ţѣѾ齨ŶӣѵһѪҫŦϰɡ
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뵹ܹɵĿģʿڶûŦĴڣһʲôϻɱ̸ʲôԿޣԿľ飿
ѣȫٸԨ


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ⷽᣬѪɫƵشһŵ˽⡣
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ȲĽָ˹ָǿֱٹ·СǳһѪ󣬺ʱ͡



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ѪԨʮݵıҪôĵӣҪô׷ߣйϵϸֹǰڶҰûʲôʮݵУʮλִ᳹У̻ĵ̰ī½ӵĶ֣Ԩ˽̻Ϊƽء
½һĶŵԺ̻ᣬһںԨдϢ
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ٶӳ
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һĴ֮һΪ侫ͨռ츳ûĴ浱ΪѲһǧǰնַ֮ȴ֮ѡ
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½Ҫɱ棬һѫһԴУȿɱˣܲԼ裬Ӧʡ
½ӵͷ١䵱һ֣ã֡


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ܲԾ
һֱ̳Ĳѩüͷɫһ˿Իĵǣ޵̫ˣ֪뺮ԨԶ˵ѾʿĬϵˣǣＸ죬ǾȻ˰˶ޣԶԶǵĿƵ̣ǴսڼҪǲҲӦǲ֮ࡣ
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Ҳǲ쳣ټɣںԨɵ۴ԨɻǵõϢӦǧңǸЩܶȡЩֵ²ֹǧô򵥡
ΪȻĵ˵ͷ֪ȸͺԨľǽȫٴ󣬶Ҫӽһʱ䣬һξ뵱Уʱ塢ʮλ棬Ҫƽ̯ôﵽ٣
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ΪβԨ

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ңϾ̶ȣǸ޷ܿ
ǧ棬п϶ŲѪԼ棬ӴһݣԨȷʵûеֵ
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ʿԼԪ統Уϵ񣬶ںԶԪغϵɲǣͬ߱ͨ͡
ԪغϣԶԪĪ˵˵Ԫ翪ߣԪ翪߶޷ڿԪһ̣̤˵أ˵Ԫ磬ֻǴ˵Ԫ翪ߡ
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ǰһŮӣѾ飬ҽǿ󣬻Ȼѷɫ߽ǿߡ
ں󷽶ˣ˲ãֹɣµѹǴﵽ˽۷壬ֻһϣŽС
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ڲ½ӷһйֶΣԼѪɼ׽зʱǿ˵һԼʱ޷ջء
ڱ˲ҷķɻʶǵһʱ䷴Ӧ˹ǰԽǳ״ݻٵƫƫȫԸҪתΪأǺεȼѣ
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˪ɵ۵ɴ۾½ӵĿ⵱гš
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Ҳܹ½ڲ£ɣǻɻʵͳɵ۵ͳЦΪЦ
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ʲôʲôûУĴϢԣȻֹһйͨԺ䣡
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ԵǲΥԪɵ۵ͨʩչĪĴϢӿ֣ǰշ·ֱӱиһƬ
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ҪͣһԵɵȻҲֻɫȴÿǰ˵ףͽȵһ˪ɵˣȴǽֱӴߣԶ֮٣ΰ
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һԲ˼Ŀ٣ֱԪǺУɲǼԪǺҵŤʧȥӰ

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½ڶڵͳ³ΪɢĿеİʥأٶȻصħ߱ɻʡбħ˵ĺڰͳ£һս󳹵׽

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г˵ħ⣬ʮλĿˣ߱ɻʡбħȻС
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ֻǣûüԼȫأһɿֲѹ֮ȻɲǼ䳤üɻ˷·һ̫ɽݺݺУµĹ壬ͳͳ飬Щѹ
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ɵΪ׵ʥɵȴǸ١նɵۣɵ۰գɵѾź¯Զȥ󣬶ʱƿնֱͶա

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ɵۣɵܹؼ磬๵ͨڲ׽λúۼ棬޷ƣǵȫ֣Ҳаɢ߲
ԪǺôһЩɵۣնɵȻܹϳ˭ֶΡ
ɵۣܲսԪǺɵ۵УȴԺѪɵۡɵۡɵ۱ȼ硣
ϴȥⱱһ˵Ķ򣬺¯޷봢ռ䣬ɢõָʾƣҾͲĵ̵лǽ¯ȥ

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һɵۣ˺֣ǺųԪǺһǿߵĴɵ۶ճһˣɵۣкξ壿

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ʵٶ⣬վǽ֮۵糸ԶԶ޷Źһ־ãʱƣܱߵ⽥½Խ

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ԪǺϿյǹԴĸʵ̫ǿƽܹɽͶӰͶȥǣάһͶӰļǧ򱶡

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ᱮɵۡɵۡɵ۵ͬʱţȴûǰԮ½ӵһܵø졣
һĻñһܵ˪ɵ۳׾


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ɸԪǺôĸͷԲưոݣȵٶȽʱԪǺĨ֮գ
䵽ܻһ·ȥѪԨһ½ܣã˲ôˣߣ
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߰ʮ ·

½ӸղŸոպĻͨȡ֮Ǿ߻ն𣬿һ棬ȴԼɼľ࣬棬Ǿ档
ɻѾȵʹôֲεȳ̶ȣ

ԶȻҪǿĶ࣬ΪţǿֱӽٵԪǺɼǴڸԵ޷ֱӽ٣·ϵʱҲԲᳬһ꣡
½һ㡣
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ʮʱ䣬񵤵ҩʮְԵҪҳɾٵʮʱ䣬ɾɻʣʮ켴ɣɾɵۣһʱգʱұЭһ¯
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ˮ΢΢һЩ궫Ħɽ½ķչνһ˳ǿŵӶĦɽһЩУ¶ˮλҲ⣬½ӵĻʱôҪˣӳϣ㲻ѾĻʤ˲Ŷԣ
½ҡҡͷб䣬ǵĲ²ûһɵԼٶ߶ٲˣʱ߶ûˡ

ˮɫ䣬һͬСɣӣ˵ɣ
ҲϿЦˮȥѶɡ
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½ӵ˵ͷֳһֱӳ硣
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½ӵһֻ統еѪɵۡɵۡɵۡɵ۵ѾһʱΧһϳŲ˼顣
ݹɵԪǺɵ֮һѪɵۡɵۡɵ۵˺ԼʶȻѾͨݹɵ֮ԣ˽⵽˲ǰ½Ͽյһս
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½ӻδ˵꣬ڳɵѾ׷׺ɵҵΪ˻
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Ѫɵĵı֤ţĻӵ˵ⷬĵ
ˣɻǻЩµʱ٣

ԭ־߰׷սɵǶʱһͻ
Ǽɵֻ֣Ҫ׵һɻһǶ˵ǰ˴ɵˣԪǺɵۼһӵϣҲΨи֡
һҪڸԽǰߣޡľ廢̫棬Ӧ޷ԪǺɣܹǲһǼˡ
ȷʵǣһȫһ뿪ԼĽ̫ãޡľϴ֣ɵʧֱ޷󣡶ңɼһ·ҲҪѲʱգһҪȵǸʱ˵ɵ۴ѳɾɣλɴ˲ܲһɡ
δЩɵ۱½ȻȫгһһҲֻĿǰˣһλк֮Եֵ
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һɵ۲̽ԵĵһڵĴɽһʮһλɵӳֶɣλɵ֣ѰʮʮɵҪƣҪѼʮꡢϰ֪꣬
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˵⣬ѪɵԥĵһΨһҪСĵǣҶƬ֮ͬϤˣԼҲʧУ벻á
ҪȥƬ֮ؿƬģ
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ãѪɵۣºҹȥܹ޿κΣһǴ󹦡
Ѫɵһʱܵһ֣ΪɵЧѪң


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½ӿ˲ҵƬ̣ۿ¯ҪǿվͷĿֲѹҲԽԽҲ˲һߣɲԥ

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λէ˵ЩûзӦţȴ뵽ʲôһʱȫɫһ磬˵һһ磡һӵɡӵ̫棬ӵǧʱ䣡
硭⡭ôܣ
նƺϢЩԽܡ
Ϊʲôܣɡɻʡɵ۲ε߻ؼΨһѾɾǣòỹ뷨ɵɳѵ֮⣬ѵ֮ʲôû֪˵һ㣬˵ɵһ·ǿԼĻԪһƬ磬־ΪףķչΪ
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ҡҡͷȴĿ䵽˾ϣ˾оЩСγ֮ˣЩС磬ʵϾֻһЩò֮Ĺע̥УγһſǳһЩ磬ɽأղϳɳɳС磬½
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λߵĵ·ͬеķȻҲ˾˵ǵһš
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˵ͷһֱ½ӵΪʮֲ⣬˵壿ȫ񣬿˵ûйϵҵƲȴʼսָ壬ֱĿλԪǺ֮صеɻŻȻʣ½ӵĽĽͬһԴ統У½ӵĻûв´ӣӡ
ӣҪʲô
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λǵľǲµ̫һЩϵһУǲ²⣬Ǹľ̬ǲδŪóȻжһֻһ޷ĴС
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Ժ뵽һ·׷ɱ½ӡ
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նû˵ǽĿ䵽ϣ½ӽӴ࣬ͬʱҲΨһһӴɣзȨȥӴһѡޡľ顢

뵽ǶӵµĹϵںϣоʮã
ҿǲһȥ˽һɣУȷʵкܶɵ㲻⿪ȫǿȳŽӴ½ӣҲұ֤½ǲӣ߼䣬ȻŹϵ
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ɶܹɱĴͨȻ½ǧֶͨΣֻһ

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һеһУôһֲʵĸоξõɵһʱϴξһѣͽٴͨĻԴ
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ΪΣò˵ɵ۽ɵۻ˰ɣ
ǻܡ
ɵҡҡͷ΢΢һƺ˸ղһĻЩѾ䣡


߰ʮ 
Ѿ䣿
ԭЩҵֳɵ³⼸ֺɵۡɻʡ·ͬʱ˶һ㣬
ǰΪԪǺһɵۣԼһ˪ɵۣȻĵɴ۾һ㿴ɵۡ
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ɵۿŸûԼҲ÷ϻֱһ֣ʱһƬӰͶ
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ӰչֳһĻԭЩĴɵ۶ʱɴ۾ĶӰ档
콵Ѫꡢ밵ͬɡ⡭Żװô
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һЩǰĲҵۡɵ˵ɵۡɻʡҲһ䷢ģٲаġ

ı仯½ӶЩ˽⣬ֻǰæӱܺ׷ɱϾᣬ֮µĹпˣЩɵһѾԹԵĳаġ
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½һ𣺡⡭ⲻǴ޽֮ôԱԴ޽ɵνƣ
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½ûаԥݻƵһϢʮƷʱգɢ΢ԡ

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Щɲǣؼ·𱬷һŭĺУǧ׷֣𡢱ŰֲϢ½Ͽշ𣬷·ĩյƣϯ½½еһ̷·ܵݰĿֲ

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ɵ۵ں󷽲ϻ졣
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߲ˣ
ɵɱ䣬һֱ̤Ӳ˿ռͨС
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פǿһηֱӳźɵ۳ȥҪΣֻϧɵһΪͨɵô򵥣ΪĴӣΪһɵۣ˵һͨ棬棬ҲΣ
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ͬʱţԽɵ۵Ŀռ籩ɵҲǳſռ籩ٶȳռͨ;Ŀռ伸ĸаͣ͡
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ռͨɲǣռ籩ϯ½һЩನ˺ѳȱڣѪһٷ顣
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δⱻЩǵ˵ķλɵ۲аͣһֱӴʦʦȥƬ̼ѾûӰ
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Ѫǰķأ
ߴ
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ʲôϢѪϧҲҪʥ棬һúɵðɱ帹ء
ΪߴȻʮ֮ףһѽŷ˹ѸٷƬ̣Ѿ¶֮ɫţת˲ɶֹľϲҲɺȻģǸ϶ˣһؽǿϣң߼ͬھҾ˵ĵʲô֣ʱôܻûаֶӦͿʼз˲ǣû뵽ԭ򣬺Ǹ϶ˣֻʣɣǷضķ
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ߴ߾еķĴЦš
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ζ̫ûʹʹƷһˡ
ܹʳһɣ˵ҶܳΪʥ棡
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źͶŵӶһģһֳЦޡľ顢ɱ弴ǽʱɱ¾־塢Թޡ֮Ѹ׳󡭡ȵܾʱµʱˡΰٹ⣬ؽһٶȸգ


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뵽⣬˶ɵ۵ľηȲһ֣һﵽ˾ųɻı׼

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ȻϰٿǳĴջûüɵ۴ʱ½ӱĴսȻֱ֣ӳ֣׼һǳöȥһץ޾ǳвתһǳǺв֣գʹҫϿϰٿǳĹâۿɼٶȥ
½ӴսõҫϿһǳӰʱӰĹѾ˼£սһץǺȻ飬ըɢ貽⡣

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ΰɵ۱ϣɵ۱º޽ǰκɢ
һĻѪɵɫţסһ
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ʣµɵٶ˿һȿֺϯֲɷ֮Ȼҫң;ЩӦͨӵܡɣЩɵȫٷϯĿֲʳɷ顣
һĻ𾪵еķᱮɵһ£ʱӦæҫ޼ҫҼΰɵ۱һΪѷɫɣѾܵʦᣬΪλԱɵ۱ΪУҪΪͽ𣡣
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սͲյײڽ֣һ貵ĽѾƺڰĹҫֱյжնɵ۵С統УֱöƷǺˣ
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ҫ޼бɲǣһɻԵѹʱǱҡҡ׹磬һ˺ѡ
ݹɵۡɵǿͬʱ֡

˺ѣǺʧȥԴɲǼ䱻ɵ۵Ĵսһߣһٶɱ£нҫ޼λҫҼһơ

ҫ޼һҽУһ̣Щҵۡɵۡɻʡɱҫʿͬ᧿Σ·һҪѪȻĴɵΧɱɵۣиԶλųܹնɱɻǴ˿ȴֵɵۡ
ܲԸţףȥ
ҫңȻҪΪȥ
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ҫң״Ĩȥ

ҫ޼һ󲻸ʵźͶˣͶҫԸ⳼ҫҵʿֿ
һЩԭһߣѾתܵʿҫ޼Ĵ󺰣ʱɴ⣬һʱ佫ԼеѸٵİڳһٷģ

ЩԼĹʹĴţɫгݡ
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ʱִʢһٶȳԴϿȾһƬ財
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·ԴǵʿһĻһҲĪֱǰһĻŪҲ
ɵۣɵ۴˵˵ǵѪԨԨͨɻʣֻǡ壬ȫ׷ɱôھȻӭԴǣ
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½뷨նͬûٶԡ
ܲԸϣ½ǧ겻ʵĪ˵ǧ꣬ʱ䶼δﵽ
뵽½ʱѾߵ־磬ٳһȫѷɫϵȫµ·ն𲻵òϣδܾҪˡ
ˣƬǿҲͳлȥɣնȻõ׼ȷϢޡľԤıŶһȫǱҪʹһϸĶԲ߳
˵ţ½һۣЩҵҿԼĽϵ߳һȫԼĵ·Ҵﵽ˱ȼɵĲΣڵλɲ£ޡľĳô˻֣彫޷Ĳп¾
ȷʵüޡ
˵ţԴǷͶȥ˽
üɺ½ͬʱԴǺʣµɡԪɵۡɵۡɵۡᱮɵ۵˲̲סһ
½ӡһѪԨʱҲδˣ˵ʱĴºŲɻʡ£һ̤ѪԨУȻѾԺΰƽƽˡ
ɵ۳һ
ߣնΪȫֻؽϣһսܵͬȫ֣ȱ񽣣ȫʵӲ٣նȫʢ״̬½ӱȻ¡
ԪɵЩ
ܣҲǻܰˣ¼˭ɱͬ½ԣʱ䣿꣬겻ʱѾܹɽľ磬ٸһ꣬ǧʱ䣬ܳɳʲô̶ȣ
ᱮɵۿ˵г˪ɵӴһλɵۣʮ½ӵĿ£Ԫɵ۵뷨ʮΣա
ʦ㣬֪ղһս򣿡
ΣûΣ
ЦЦ뵽Լ껹֪ôҪս½ӣжʱΪǺЦ
ʦ㣬ô˵
ᱮɵۿɵ쳣æ½¾ܺ棬ΪɶȻѷɫһѾɵٽϣܹٶǰһ̤żҪ½Ӿ¡
̤ɣ
ᱮɵ۵ĻǰʱһǰЩãɫһɨգɫѸٱüᶨԣɣ½ھܿԺ浫վɣܹ̤ɾ硭Ҿܹһٻܣ
뵽⣬˲úλɵ۽̸һתֱԴǵжȥ
λɵۼ״Щεһ̾Ϣ

Դǳ´һεǰѾͺܶࡣ
˿˵˾𣺡նǵĵӺҶºѪΪˣ
ն֪˾Ҫʲô˶һۺ𿪿ˣɵͻƵɾ羡صˣ߱ͬɺӣǵӺҶǧʱ䣬ɰܹɣΪλǿߣǡʱҪͻơԵѡ
ǵºͬˡ
ҵĵѪҲǰ
ն˻Ӧš
㶫ڵλɵΣ
˼λһۣĿ䵽½ϡ
½֪ʵ˭µҵɵ۾̷˻񵤣ұ׷ɱʱΪ˰Ҿ¯ϧ߶˻񵤵ҩڼĹ¾ܵɵ۷壬ܹܲɾֻܿԼĻԵ
񵤰
˾һ뵽һͽסʹļףΪƣ׷ɱ𣬲ֹ𲻻䣬ǶڵĲҵҲĻ񵤵ҩǿ¯ǸʱͬڻһλǿߣαΪޡľԼеĻͷʹ
½ӿ˾һۣδӻ
Ƿлƣһ񵤣ȻԸ⽫񵤷ϣȻⲻһᣬκα仯
ֻЩȻ˵
ҲᣬޡľڼǻǺúһ߽ޡľĹɣҲһ񡣡


߰پʮ 
ޡľ̫Գʥ桢ħ棬̫УΪµĲĴ̫棬ǲľ鵱еı֡ݽɣݽ˲ľ飬˵ǿ֮ʿȴһ࡭
½һۣ֪ޡľ鵱еʥ沢˽⣬š
˵ݽɡʵϵҲԹҡ
նἰɫЩΣݽʵѾཱུʮǰһλž޵޵Ϊ½ɣһλĽţһһݺ£Ϊȴɵۣ۷һսǺȻնɱһλɵۡ
ݽɵĽǸ½ѧģ
½Ӷʱʲô
ݽڸ½ɵĹ̵У½Ϊֿľ䲻ףʱΪʦնǲͬ⣬ΪնԵ½ɣӶݽɽΣ´½Ϊڻݽߣ
רŷݽɵɣԲݽɵʷΪ˽⡣
½⣬еҲ׽µĴˡ
²⣬ݽԴԹ࣬ҿױȵĿֲ츳˲ʮɾ̫棬˵Ϊʮʵһֱڷ̫浱еɳڽڻħĳ̶ȡ
˾󲹳ţ˵⣬ɫЩأ˵ޡľ鵱һ̫ŴпܷԪﵽȼɵڶľ磬ǲݽĪЩòȻٶͻҲûпܡ
ǲڣʱһһʱʱ̽һͻҲһ֪
϶
̫浱УħԳͲݽһȻλ
˵ͷȴɫصӦһֻ˵Ϊʱħ³˺üͷħԳ˿񻯡֮ܣڵסħһЩգЩĵȴδصסһȺ棬λӦ֪񱩵еħԳ¡
ֻҪסħ漴ɣ²սȻңܻᵼ´ɻʡɵ䣬վ˽ǣֻҪ㹻ʱԪȻָ
ƽ˵š
½ӿһ˵Щһۣɵۡɻʡͨƺûκ𣬶⣬ҲɶԴɵۡɻʡ̬ȡ
ɼǿյԴҪһɵۣ޷ǾǼǧʱˣλʿ츳׿ʱѹǧҲʲô¡
ʥ桢ʥ桢ʥʥ棬ʥٶĪ⣬ûܹϣҲΨп˾󷨲ΪӪˡ
ס
˾˵ͷ
ʥ桢ʥ桢ʥ棬꣬Ǹǣƴʥ桭ʥ汾嶯ʮּѣȴܻǧ򣬼ܱɱΨһֵҵǣЩǿԸ׵ʥ桢ʥҺնԸˡ
ףҿȥʥڹǰɡ
˾Ե
΢һ˾ֹԼ½ӶԸʥԭ򣬴ʥǿ߲٣ЩǿҪɹЩɻʡɵȥԸ½ɱȴ½Ӷһͳɹ֪ʲôӡ
ȥԸʥɣҵҪǧҵĽ
ն˴ʥ档
Ҳãʥͽɣʥ֮ǿĽԹƣ乥ȴǶ̰壬ÿ̫ĶԾ
ϸĿˣ½Ӳûоܾ
ʥӦóƵ̫浱вһʥ潻֣½ԷȥնɱЩ档
ϽɵۡɻʡǿоԼսȴǲ潵ۺʵǽЩޡľֲͬˣ˴ԴֶԱȽʿҪõöࡣ
λܽսпܻʮּѣֻҪܹ֧ǧ֧꣬ŵ൮µɣ־ܹŤת
˵ţĿ䵽½ϣ⣬Ȼڽ߳һȫµĵ·и֮룬ǲ㽫ߵĵ·ϣܹһЩӣ׳ۺʵ
ԡ
½ӵ˵ͷߵıǽ֮·츳׿ĽӣһῼǽΪӣ⣬Ҵлȥô׵ˣһὫ齮еһһר޽磬֤ҵĲ롣
߳Ľ֮ǿѾαһʵ飿һ統жţжԴҿҪʵĻҲһʵ飬ý򲻹˿ڲҲ齮㡣
½ӵĽܸȤΪͬ
Ǻǣ𣬾ͲˣʵԸĻֹǰ˵Щٻּкη
ˣ˶ҹϽֻʵˣһ綼ˣοһ򡣡
ôֲĻԺԣȥɸֱѡ
ɸô
½ӵ˵ͷȷʵҪȥɸҼˣԽСԹʱҪͨһˡ
ףɸ˺ɵ۸һѶҪʲôֱ¸ɡ
˵š
һλɵۣɾѪϴһʵ̫ˣΪ˵ʲô˵ɸλͨѧԱˣĵ
Ͼһλԣһɵۡɻսܹʵ̫ˡ
½ӵ˵ͷ
һϸڰɡ

Ὺҹеϸȫȷ֣ǿնṩϢ֮ͨޡľĹʱ䡢켣ȵȣʹһڿսʱޡľǿߴֲڹؼط޵ȴޡľĸ׽
Щ½ȴδᣬֱ齮ȥ
ߵˣþԶԪ統е˽ᣬ½ܹܿȡΪԶԪµˣһֶͬһɣǸʱޡľѹһء
ʥԭǣƣ½Ӿȥ齮վڣټʥжĿʼҲ㹻ʱϻ
ţ½ѾգȻݺĿռ籩⴩
ǰ±ҫ½ӵֱſռ䷨еĹ켣һƬΰĽʱҰС
Ƭһ治֪жǳ½Ӵ½΢΢һоһ齮½ӻˡʥˡǰʱһˡ


߰پʮ ӭ
ʥ

˿̣Ѿȫ˳ֻڼ
˵ʥپɻʵĸͽֱǷӡӣԼǰЩ潣ɽɵµѩӣ⣬һŮɫĮѩӵĿЦֹ
ѩʦãʦ´ɲ㲻ӣӦ֪Щʥȫٷչ£齮۽еĶţΪһԺ۽ɽƽƽȻܹʥ˶ʥķչŲɹĺô
ѩ߿ĵȰ˵š
ԣܹΪ檣ң񲻵һ꣬Ȼﵽɾ磬Ժʶɻʶϣ״ӣпǰӰڲǵͳʤƵͳţһλֱܹζʲôҶ˵ܹ޸ֹݵλϻˮǴߣʶɳɾһûϣ
ͬһԲϲɫжѩӵĲʶôƺΪ
ʦ㡢ʦذɣĺѩܣѾλʦ㲻ٶԡ
ѩɫΪʮ׾ܾζʲô
ѩʦãǿΪòεȰ㣬¼λʦӪƣѽ齮򼸺ʥϣ֧һٵ齮ݴǰκᱻѹ²ʦܾ޸ͬҪڵ֮⣬ĺô
Ը
ʲôףһԺʦʱʦҪɱҪѩ̶ʦá
㡭
һִѩӣͷ
ȴ·뵽ʲôͻȻѩʦãòỹ˶ǸСӣΪɣʵ㣬ɫ½ѾΰĽãΪͽΪ˽ɱǲĻǰ½ӾЩֶΣ˵ɵۣΣΰΪܹаֻ·ΪڵһԱ½ͽˣ潣Ҵ棿˵ʿѾΪʷˣαػŸ˳ٳٲţ
𡭡
ӵĻѩɫЩףҡҡͷһԡ
㡭
ߣ̡㣬ڿ˵ܹһ
ڴʱǸһֱŵŮӷˣһߣֱޱǿӲ̬ѩ̣ܹ㣬ĸȻҪΪ檣ӦôӦӦҲôӦ
ѩӿŮһۣɹãʥʥĵӣڵ绹ˣʥͷϡ
ʥĵӣܿͽˣһһֲ©ͳͳ㱨ЩʶôŮˣһԸ֮ʱ棬Ϊū֣ǸʱȻڳһǿµĸֻȤ
ΪɹõŮЦţѩӵĿ⵱гų
ֿԣҪڶûлˡ
ҲЦǰһȰѾĳ׺ľ
ڴʱһ֮Ѹٴӹ⴫˳ŵĻһɹɹģƴѭصĹ켣˷ӣƬ̣ȻҪʥȫڡ
ǡ󷨵Ҫסʥ
ϸĸӦһ¶˼ɫţѾת˶ֹסŭڵʥɲǰʥ齮˵ʥİƿ֮£ʥȫһͳ֮£¾Ȼ˲ʶôҪʥ֣
ʲôˣ˷
ӵһţкХǹķŭĿӡ
ʵϲֹһ˲ʥиӦǿȫţԼĹ¥Ժ䵱кХһЩǿ߸Ҫֱӳ֣ɼӡסʥһ˺ѣֻǣǿʥΧྰһȴȫڵ
ֽɵۡɵۡɵۡɵۡѪɵۡɵۡɭɵۡɵۡɵۡ޼ɵۡ
һɵ۵Ӱ̺ϢԨɢ⼤վȴһƬƬֲĺڰƣѹ˼ڷӡʥģλɵۡ
λɵ⣬һ࣬ɻʡɼǿߣһȥ飬ǽӽǧ֮ڡ
˵ǳֶԸһССʥˣҪɨ齮׾١
ʥеɡɻڸܵҪӡʥʱŭɶɵǿ󵽼˿־塢ݺȴɲǼŵòҶ֣һгԻ󡢻̿֡
⡭ô£
ŷӳӡѩһͬĿɿڴ
ɹɨһ۴ɵۡѪɵۡɵ۵˵Ӱһͫţһʱ˳Щ˶Ǻպаһ۷ɵ۵ĴڣƽԪǺУȴԶԶͨɵۡ
λɵ۴ݹ٣ʥʧԶӭֻǲ֪ʥλλһҪֱӷʥλԵɣҲǸ
ʥλ˾Ʒ̣һսӽɵ۵ĴɻʵһգŴɵۡɭɵۡɵۡɵֽۡɵۡɵ۵˹һŶֹסľ˵ʾҲȻˡ
Ͼǰʮλɵۣʮλ߲ƵɵǻԴǿӲҪ
ɻ⣬پɻʡĩɻʡһɻʡһͬ˳ĸն𴫳϶ԷӵһɻǰݣҲǺ٣纹
ȻԸɵۼڶǰһսʮλɵۣлһЩ۷ɵۣһֳԲеڶ
λɵ۱¡֪ʥðˣԣվΰµĽͬΪһӣǽ⿪ɣ󶯸ɸͬУҲԸƵ鷢
ɻʿǰɵ۸û˴ǣʱЩĻˣæٶȵһ
ʱǰɵۼǿͻȻÿһ·ţƬɵۡɣȫϵźһʮӰ񣬴ΰݣӭΰ£



߰پʮ 
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ΰ£
ĿתƣɲǼͬʱɵۡɻʡǿĿꡪ½ڡ
Ӱɻʣپɻ˵ͫȻһ
ôܣ
𣡣𣡣Ψɷʸ񱻳Ϊ𡭡½ֻһɻʣڼʮǰɱɵۣҲɵۼΪˣôܱΪ𣡣ң¾Ȼ˶ɵǿߣ
ɻֱоͷ𣬱һĻ̲סһҡҷ
ߣΰӵеܹģԪǺҫн¼ᣬΪλ䣡ǰռݵ齮׵µ֮һ
ֽɵۿܵǿҳɻʣһҲûҪչ˶Էܵ˼ʥĿʲô
ԪǺнҫ򡭡
ɻЩĸţͬʱһ۴ɵۡѪɵۡɵһ˵ȣΪɻʼǿߵȻЩ׹ɵۼǿ߶ϲɭԡաҫ޼ҫˣĴȻʥЩķչǿʢ˼ȻԶԶ޷ȼȻ
£Ȼ峤ǰλɵ۵Ļȴаַ
Ϣǡ
½ӼᣬΪλ䡭
ϢֱԳ׷¡
λ䡭
ɻپɻλʱɫѾһƬҰס
ᣡ䣡
Ϊɻʵʵ̫⼸˼ˡ
پɻΪһѩ裬⼸ʮﾡľչʥгһܹʥǿ󵽾߱Χɱɵ۵ɱԪǺǴ޾½ӳɱ
ڡ
ٶȼʱԷȻѾᣬΪλ䣡
⼸ʮŬڴ˿½ӵĳɾͶԣôĿЦ
һɻǰĽնŰһϾôҲնӣڵ֪½Ϊ֮һֱŵôҴһڡ
ѩ̡
½ʮǶڵĺǿߣһĶɾ磬нʯѾε潣УһѾ˴ʥһӪĳѩӡ
潣ʧ̬ĺ½ѩڵķɨһۣЦһȻȥɣû˭㡣
ӳϡʵϵѩδһȥҪԭΪʥոѣ΢Ҳֹؼʱʥȥ
潣½ʲôõ뷨æ͵
壬ģûйʲôҿóȷʵ㣬ȥɡ
лӳϡ
潣ɫӦŵһһֱʥǿߣѩǰ
潣һ䣬½һɵۼǿߵĿͬʱ䵽ʥһɻʼǿϣһЩҲܵǵֻҪǵаԻλɵΪҵĴ
ѩʦã
ʦ֡
ѩӿɫܵҪ̤˵Գɲһ룬ȴͻȻͣɫȻʦ֣Ҳֵôҡ
ѩʦãûʲôֵòֵã󣬲ǱͨˣֻҪԼǷҵλãУһʲôܹҵǣ
ʦ֡
У
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潣ɫʱһĿ䵽ɹϣ絶иɹ𵴷·ҪԷĿɢ
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ҸղŲ¡ѩʦЩӿŮ˲ίһҪΪѩʦ
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ѩʦãδǣ
Ŀɹáӡӵɨѯʵ
ʦ֣ҡ
ѩ˵⣬ɫΪԥ֪Լû˵ⷬʸ񣬿ĿɨЩʥг־ĵӺҧ˵˳ԣϣܹ˵˵ʥһ棬Ҫɱ޹
⡭
潣ף½˱ǱѩҪʵǿѡ
ѩӵĻδѹڷӡУʱһβѣӣ뵽Լǰڶѩ䳰ȷѩȴ˵飬ѵ
ѵĳ
½ѩڵķһۣƬ̣䵽ɻʡپɻʵϣѩҶڵĵ£ȻѾʥˣȻûбʾʥʿ⣬ɽ׶ʿϳ֮ͣϡ
գĿ䵽پɻϡ
پɻʱͷ˿Һ½ԣ½Ŀ⻹䵽ϣ׹Լڽӣʱȥһ㣺½ӣʼٴȱˣپ㣿ֻ޵һμʱҰģûаһȻĻҲɽմ
󵨣
پɻʻδ˵ֽ꣬ɵѾһȡ
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½ӻһ˵꣬ʿȫһԹپɻʣɻʡĩҲ⣡
ˣ
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½ӵĻɡɻʵɫ΢΢һţ˵Ŀͬʱ䵽پɻϡ
ˣȥ
һȣ˲˳ˡ
һپɻʳֵ˲ǱˣȻǶپɻʰĽм׷ֱӴѪԨ齮նӡһɻʣ



߰پʮ ع
һɻʡ
پɻʾ½´ʱѾȫɵһֵʿȻǲǰɵµһɻʺȻ˼顣
һɻʱһλɻ۷ɵһս˿ͻȻ͵ϮȻپɻ׼ֵܹ
ɲǼ䱻һɻʺѪɳ
ðΰ£Իн³һ߷ð䣬ͬڱ࣬³ֻһ׻ȸ䣬ɱ
һɻռϷ統һıƷεɽͬʱʣֱӻûһʥӰıɽֻƷɽΣĽڽ֮±ƻȻѷɫһƷĽپɻȫڣɱ
ܺãɱپɻʣҿ㲻ˡ
½Ŀ·ɻʡɼǿһɨʱԭЩԥɡǿͬʱһɱ׼پɻһӵϡ
½ӣΪƸΪ꣬벻پȻϣҲԲùκҪɱҶ븶ۣ
پɻһʥնֱӽ˺һ룬ȼգһɿֲϢϲɢƺƵ
ҪԱ
پɻʵͼɵЦһ˲
ֹֽɵͬʱˡ
⣬̺ŹѹԲ˼ĿٶգȻɱپɻʵپ嵽½ǰԱֱӱλɵͬʱֵĽһٶɫţһ̣ǹԱʧأը
½ɨһ󶼲һֵɻʡĩˣ壬Ȼˣһȥɡ
ǣ
õĴɵۡѪɵۡɵۡɵֽۡɵ۵ͬʱо䣬󲿷ʱ϶ʱΰɵ۱¸ͲԸǲϳΪɵ۱ЧĻοϴ
һţֱɻʡĩɱȥ

ԭھŵҪҪֶԸپɻʵɻһû˰ͷһҪֱ
ֻһλɻʣ˾Ʒֻ̣Ǿ߱ɵһսˣٴɵۡѪɵۡɵۡɵֽۡɵۡɵۡȻɵ۵ʮλɵۼǿͬʱΧֵܹ
Ƭ̣ʥѾɱøɸɾ
һĻѩʮֲ̣֪ܹµʥʿѾܹļˣǵ¹ϵҲ޷־
ͬʱֵɭԡɵԼҫҵҫ޼ҫ硢ɵ۵˿ʥ³亹ǲ½ӵˣıֳ˳֮⣬ȻĻյʥǵʱ³ǼɵۿҲᱻɨҶȫɱһ
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ʮ˵ʵԸֻλɻʼǿȫ´ࡣ
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ҵۣ˻ħĴУЩҿҪͨ˽һڵ˾ͽˮ˴ɡ
һ˺üλɣֻмλڰ˵׾٣½ȻģȽӵռŻԪʥ
Ԫ˵λϴ֤ʧܺĻԪħػ嵱׷λϴܣвλϴܵϢòҵͬԪ磬˵ĳЩؼʱܹæ
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ʦܣѩӰδͬȥһ
½˵գֱӴŴɵۡѪɵۡɵۡȻɵ۵˵һŹ񽢣ܿգƬ̺Ѿƿ뿪ʥ
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˭ܹĵһʥֻһͨʿ½ӣʱȻɳ۷ĳ̶ȣȻԺǿƽƽ
ǰȻﲻսʤʥǲ֣һѾ׸ԼҲΪմ½ӵĹ⣬ԭһЩ䲻ѩӵʿһԾΪ۰һǿߡ
Ѳ⣬Īڴˡ

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Ϸ·һõĻӰתţϵǿмȡ˷άճģһּ仺ٶȻָԪ
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ŭĺȻȻĿ겢˵õ½ӣԪ֮ԶԪ粢ȻԪ֧֮ԶԪѹȵ½ܿ
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ֲϢ½ⱬ¯Ȼһʱͳͳ飬Ե˷ɢԲʮΪƽأȻ½ܿ곹ǰһлץϡ
Ԫվҵϣ
Цһ½ܿɲǣһԶȻ֣½ȫ½ܿҪȫ½ܿһлɲǣֱӾԶһ⣬ʾͷ

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½һһ䣬µɱŨҪγʵʡ
գԶԪų⡢ѹ֮ٶȽ٣νԶԪ統еȥɢ



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Ĺǲ²޷½ӡǰ㾪춯أɾһ֣κ˺սʱоúܲˬ죬ʥ桢ʥ桢ʥ桢ʥ滹һЩһûħԳˣñʮֱŰĻħԳ׷
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ʥôһֶô̶ֳҪɱңЦ
ɳȥ½ӳХһһٶɱ˷·һ񽣣ָɨһУκҪĿ궼Ȼ̺âһٶ

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Уȥһᱻ˻˵Ĵ򷨺ܶԷѷɫңĹ̫¡ֻҪܵ΢һЩϻᱻ⵱еĻһʳηۡ飬Ҳۿۡ
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նɱʥֱӱһԶԶͨɵĿֲԵƻ뱻׻ʳѪ

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ڰ˰һʮ 
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˵Ƭδ֪ǿ磬Ƭ磬ۺ;ڵܿ⡣
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