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ݼ
ӵţƵĴսڸصĵһԾֱ⿪ǿճıնϣû䣡
Ⱥ۲һǿԵʱ
ڲ׳̨ϣս춷أһ·ӵ


1 
ͷڷǳңһȺµ˾нš
Խˣ
ѾܹȷԼĴԽˡ
ǣԼ״Խʲôĵط
ͷʹֲͬʶͷмսš
˫۵ԼʶȫõĿȨԭʶҲںˡ
ĴоطȫһƬ֮أһûϢĵط
˵ĶѾһʱ䣬Ҳͷʹһ죬̫ʶͷںϡ
ҲˣԼղμ꾫Ӣͬһعڣɻ֪ôľһֵֺ顣
һ֮˫Ƿеʶȫںϵһ
磡
磡
Ҳ֪ʲôԭԼûˣʶȻͬںˡ
ԣʶں֮⣬һЩʶ
ʶںϣ
Ϸ

·˻˴һֽϢĶԼڣ
ˣһڷɻʱԼ͵ǰʶԼ
ϸϸо˴ʶ֮Ҳʶ
˵ʲô飿
Щ飬оЩͷ
˵ʶ˵ϵĸֵȾһıĹֵôⶼ϶µıɵģ޷߳ɳҲһı
ʲô
ҪԼܹһƽ⡣
Щΰ˰ɣ
ڿЦߴϵѵԼɣ

ͣ£ͣ£
һ˴š
нȺһɧ
ƴˣ
ƴˣ
ȺԽԽ˴š
ղŵĳĬͬ·ÿһ˵ǻĺⱻ˳һµ˽ȭͷЩѺǵԨ˳ȥ
죬𶯣ƬҰȫǿ񱩵
޴
һԨ˳𣬾ͼмһѴ󵶣ǴȺвͣչһ˵ѪС
̫˳嵽ǰ棬һԨ˾ȻҲ˱ס
ûһھҧԨ˵ϡ
˳ȥ
ѪˮĽ֫أȫһԵȵɱ
ôˣ
оԼͷһӸ˴ʶ
ЩԨҪˣ
һ뵽ʱɫҲЩ仯ˡ
ˣ
ͷкֳܿһЩйԼݵϢ
ǸһյС˼ңеʶңֻǵñݺ˱սԨ˷²ˡ
ӵµļʱĳѾʼ
ѪںɣһԨ˵ǰ
Ƥ޲ͣǵͷϻӶ
ͣո
Ƥףͷ϶ǣߴԨ˰ѳǵһ˺ɼƬЦš
˾ȻֱͳŵţѪļ¡
ǻ壿
Ӽе֪ԼͬͬԴ塣
ȭͷ
ʮѺ͵ҲΪû͵Ĺߣ޷ЯԱǰѴ͵һϵء
һ뵽Ǽϵأ͸еԼͷƤ飬Щ˲ԨеһЩ߸ϵ
ٸҷȫɱԨ˰Ѽʮǰȥ˻ɱ֮󣬳Ⱥš
ŭȺڲ˱ɱ֮ٴγпʵô֪ЩӵǿԨභΨһĽ־
ô죿
żȥԼȻһ֣
һҪǰȾԼ屻۸ˣԼҲʱ
ѵȥ
ӿһɼ֮飬ȻΪ廹ΪԼһս
ϧѾӡ˵
ļǼ֪бʿַӡ˵֮ˡ
һʱЩ
ȻӳɹԼȫܹˣ
׷ʲô飿
Щˡ
ԼǱӡ˵Ҳûκε
ԨԦѲţһƬľȴ𶯷ǳȫû뵽ԼΪλЩһЩ仯
˺һһЩʶӿ˳
Ϸ
ԾηͻħȻǴԽǰǸ˴Լһ׽ϷĹȻˣ˴ڵϷŲµı仯
⵽ʲô
ħݺԼյԭǸѧģԴѧ֮󲻽ˣǰ˷
ǣȫıˣıҲ̫Щ
ϸϸһﴫԼһЩϢ
֮̽ҲһЩ
ֲͬԼ˽⵽ϷһַǳĹһʱ˵һԭֹҪ٣ҲǳѴﵽ
Ϣ
֮˲Ǵ˴ϢԼѵϢԼĵܣ
Զʱˮʱùû뾹ȻĶ뵽Լˣ
ٲ쿴һȫʱǷԼȫѨλȫõܡ
ԼʶԵĶᰡ
뵽Լ嵽ʶԵռʱ治Լϵ׷ʲô顣
һµķ֣ԼھȻ棬Ѿԭ뵽㡣
̫ˣ
ѵ˵ʶлҲˣϢҲͬˣ
һҲûΨһĸоԼõ˴ĸı䣬Ѿԭַˡ
ɽԣ޿
ʬɢĴѪζ˱Ƕ
Щǵķ²ҡ
һ鲼ɢҵ
ʶдϢ֪طӫڤǣһ磬пᣬҪ棬Ψеľǲͣ׷
Լ尡ôڵ϶Լ֪ȫ顣
·ˣ·ˣ
Ա֮ЩԨ˴ţߴŴҼ·
ߵɽ·һȰʹ鲼·òųһ飬Ψһľǲڴϵ졣
ȫһ֮·
巢ʲôˣ
УΪλ̫Ĳ⡣


2 ɱ
ǰǲ֮·²ȴ޴ѡֻųɳӾнš
˲ʱԦնԨˣнеķ²Ǳ÷ǳĳĬ
ԶҰ޵ĺɽ紵Ҷ춯µȫʧȥĸоһһǰн
ҵиףԼʱ䲻ˡ
ԼӵŶٵսأ
Ҳ֪ôģоԼʶдһЩﴫս־սľ顣
˵ս̫ḻˣȫֶ뵽ݡ
еľʱȫںһоԼ˻ЩطҪϤ֮⣬ЩȫԼ
ûԼڶеʲôطһţһ߲쿴Լڵ
㣡
սϽĲ㼶
֮ΪȻ㣬սϿȫӵ߲ս
߲㰡
ǿڼ֪ԼǷ˾޴ı仯
ħɲҽеģȷһħӵųԽ㼶ս
õֽϢĶȫλ죬ôĳ棬ȫһս֮ˣ
ŪԼΪ֮Ͳˣ߾ͽӽ˶ԷǼϵأĵǵطԼһϣûˡ
Ŀ͵͵ͶǼԦϵԨϣôչ顣
Ϊһˣ
ԼĻᣡ
ڤ·ӣκǰ̾κΡ
һͻȻ߶
һˣӻףǿѹ֮£һӵ߿Ĵص
ػ⣬ԫҰ֮⣬ݹꡭ
һ˸߶
ܹܵЩС
սŮս˥ܡ
ҲֻܹһЩ֮еĿ־ˡ
һ·ϵĴ̼֮£еѾӽǿܾĻйһ¡

߶ʱһǿľͷʹ˹ȥ
һ֮£ͷҽУ˾ǵ˵ϡ
һһ֧ʸᴩ˵塣
˾ǰ
˫¶һֽѰĿ⣬ͻȻһС
ǵñЩɧĶٴξ
ְɣ
Ϊ׵ĸԦն͸ڿУ߸ϵ·Щ˺
跨߲ǣһϲԱС˵
˿ȥʱˣؼҵϼˣһ·϶ͣԼߣҪԼ޷ƶˡ
һɾˣΪ˾ͽչԼһֱŵǰߣҲһͬ
֪ô˵ʱһʸ춯ϲǵѪС
һҪŻء
ſû˵꣬ȥʧȥϢ
ŵԼǰһֱԼػµˣоԼͷдӾҵʹС
һִĵ״ľʹȫ
Щܵһ̼ʶӵеǿսʶȫںһ
ǻս˲ǳ
˵ɱˣ
һ˴˵
ɱ
еһγɱ뵽ԼϲԼǰʱΨһ뷨ɱЩԨˡ
Ѫ磡
ǿҵɱ˲ӯȫ̽ץһЩϵʯ
ƴˣ
Ҳ޷ܶԷĲбͲȥжԼǷܹӮԷ
ʱˣ
ԷԼϷĿһζûеһʯעȫĸ־ͼ
Ԩû뵽Ⱥлһ֣վڿвûвκεķ
ЩѼΣȫǵסˣͲκεķ
վո˵һ仰һžͼ
ʯӱղ֧ʸѸ͡
ûӦʯţüĹᴩ
䡭
ԨǴӿе䵽˵ϣص˵ϡ
ʬ˵ϵ죬е˶ˣȫĿͶǾʬϡ
˭˭
ͻȻԨˣһ˴
ɫЩʱӾв˸ȫ
򣡡
ڻɱ˶ԷΪ֮󣬶Լս˼ģЩ˻ڻʱеЩʯһ
ʯע֮ҲʬԱߡ
̽УʬԵһŴС
ΪһߣȻΪǰߣϰڹòİ

һȻʱֳһ˿˷֮˲ʧˣǵ뷨Уܹɱһֵ˿϶еĳһ֣һʱȫסˡ

Ȼ
ʶվ﷢ؿ
ʱЩԨҲֻһˣ˾Χ˹
Ѻ͵Ԩ˾ʮˣɱһˣмղŵ͵ϮˣܹΧĲҲˡ
䣡
ûзϻһδŴ󹭣һ֧֧ʸͱ
һŴ󹭣ҲһרƹĹŹļʸ͸ӵű
Ӱ
ȫû뵽ԼļʸôǿĹһļĸΧסԨ˵ڵء
ڸͲµʱһۿһѴ󵶣ǰѴ󵶣Ԩ˾ͲͣĻӶ
ЩˣȻûκĵطղԼۿǿʳˡ
ӵ
յ
ٻӵ
յ
ûκεļɣлӶȫƴĴ򷨣ǿĵԨ˲ͣ
վؿԨƴŵôҲ벻ΪͻȻô
̫׺ˣ
ʱͬһͷޣǰѴڲͣոԨ˵
սȫϣûз̫ʮԨѾȫɱ
ЩɢڵϵԨˣеֵԼȻһ˷ܵĸоûֵһɱ֮Ĳʡ
ѵҲ˴Լ־

һŵһй
վϸϸĻһ¸ղһսʱоԼӵŲٵջ
Ԩˣ
һһ˴
Ԩˣ
ԭ˫޹һ۾ϣ֮⡣
ԭĽΪı䣬ҿ̫ĸ
߰ɣģҪΪЩ飬Щˣаħ֮ɱԨˣ
⻰һŵͷȥʱҲ𾪣ͷҲһ֮ˣȻҲΪ
ͷʱ۾΢΢һͷȻ˵߰ɣԨ˺ܿͻᵽߵĻǻģ֮ΪЩ飡
һλɾˣ
ͷһ˵˫йٴĿⰵȥ
˵䣬ֻͷͻȻȫɢǿһɴҲ֪һʲôķ͸оԼѾ˲ƶȥ

뵽ô˻ԭأ뵽ԼɱôԨ˻Щ˵Σʱȴô
ȥıǱĿеͷر⣬ɽԶȪ⣬ع顭
ر⣬ɽԶȪ⣬ع顭
ԽԽ߶š
ŵƬԽԽڻص
һɱϢþûصƬա


3 
ڿҰһȶ֮Զ
оԼΪҲڿٵ
ϷڿУеӴͣڡ
ħҲǴηֹԼת˴ڵݹ󣬲ûʶסΨеһ㲻ͬԼȷǿܹ࣬ҽпƣҲһ⡣
ʱǵһڹ۲Ƭصľ
ȻĴԵƶ񤣬ЩżܹóҲһɷ
ԫϱڣľϢкеǳϡ١
ʲôԭһأ
֪ԼϷڻȡܵʱܱ̬ĵطܱȵϻҪԲܡ
ѵ磿
ֻ֪һ㣬Ǿڲ˴£ڳһ⣬ſʼ˥
һӴ壬ڶļ壬ؼҾڶеһС塣
뵽ҲˣԼм滹һãȴһţѾ߲ˡ
ûˣԽԽ࣬ս֮£ս𣬵һƬ˥ܡ
ˣ
ͷиһμ䣬һǿӴгȡ˳ȥ
ãΣˣ
Ĵ뵽ͷԼ뿪
ǲ°ɣ
뵽Լɱ˾뿪ˣЩȴʱԽԽеЩ˵İΣܵӰ졣
ȻЩ˲Ƕ̶̵ĽΪ˱Լȴж
Уҵȥ
ԼȴˣеԼ
Ϸú죬еһЩ仯֮ԼϷ˴
εչԼܹڿԦնˡ
ܹԦնУڸպþ͵㼶Ȼˣսֱ߲㣬Ԧշж˵Ͳˡ
棬Ϯ
Ǳ˵ȫȡ
ԦնһܿķֶΣЩڵĵطСĶȥ
ȻͷԼ˲ƣڿĴӦòû̫ԶͳԼоЩϤĴɽԦնȥ
֪ԼԼ߲սҪ˶Էĸ֣ԼһΪ˲ͻᱻֻɱ
ԼҲԲ
һԭˣõ;
ܿ죬˿һЩĵطʶ̽һʱʶȴȫûκεķӦ
׷ʲôˣ
뵽Сĵ˽ǰ
ǰʱ
һصĲ֫ϱۣѪˮ硣
ٿһЩԼѾϤݣͷһƬհס
ȫһƬʬɽѪ
Ԩ˵Ĳ̣ȴҲû뵽ֱ̳Ӿͽһɱ
һʱͼмԨһʬ塣
Ҫˣ
ԣЩԨڻɱЩ֮ڸѰԼµֻǼΪˣڰʬ塣
ȻһˣǣЩһóʱˣۿǵѪʱг˱ߡ
ʱѾȥԼİΣˣֳ˵Ԩˣгɱ֮ѾҲ뷨
ɱ
һӣصĵطԾ𣬶һԨ˾նɱȥ
û̫ĻУΨеľʶмµĵֻвնɱС
ȻֻУȴҲǵɱ䣬ÿһǾ

꣡
ŶԷĲҽУһֱӾͰͷ­
ϮϮ
Ԩ˿Լĵ£ųΧ˹ȥ
ȫ˵ѪĻУӿŵɱ


նɱ

ظͬĶ
ǿʶԶ
֪Ԩ˵ĸĴѰԼ
Ҳû˱֮ģ󵶻ӶøӵĽܡ
߲սЩ˵ûʲô̵ʱ䣬Ԩ˾ǵǰ
߰ɣ
ͻȻ˶дһ
һʱȻеĳû뵽Ȼûȥ
ҷ뿪
Էû˵ͷ˼֮󣬾ͳԶƿնȥ
ȻûܹȵˣܹͷţҲǸˡ
ͣ£Ҳһ󷨣м仰Ҫ˵
ͷʱ˵
һƧĵطͷ
ͷٴӽָóһЩƷﲼһ
ͷ󷨲ϣȫӣͬҲƶأͿˡ
к뵽֮ͷͣĴϢ
ǰû°ɣ
ȻǱǰȴҲֻĳƺ
һͷ΢΢һͷû뵽ħȻˣȻûʧԼ
˵ħ
û˵ͷ̾һ˵ˣҵʱ䲻ˣǿȼԼľѲˣûĳΪԨ˵ʳҺܸˣ
ԭǲȼվİ취ǿΪ
Ҳ֪ΪλΪԭ
ԨǰǱѹƣڸоϵ¶⣬ҲûˣҲ֪ʲô飬ǣԲ飬Ǹ߲ˣ
΢΢ͷҲɻЩ飬ó˥Ѿܳʱˡ
ħֹ̫ĲȷԣһÿҪͻʱþһǿĿ飬ԲĻʶʧ׾аУֹǲȫĹֻһ̽Ե·ֻܴﵽڣһʱҪԼݣ
Ͳ֪⹦һδͷ˽⵽ֹû뵽⹦òͣݡ
ʱͷ˫۷Ϳ֪ΪξǸҲҪסҪ֪ĸԽԽˣߵΪҲһԪӤڵĸ֣Ƕ˴УǵʧȥˣԣȻܹħǾһϣϣܹرģħϵȥ
ħô£̲סһ䡣
̾һͷֹʵ̫һ⣬նΪԭΪħˣ֮أֹܹӰԣֻҪǷĹᱻȥΪҲ֪ôȥĹģ
˵䣬ͷͣҡͷ
ڼͷϷ˺쳱
ҲͻʱõĹû˵ħ֮һͽչܿ죬ˡ
ͷֳָǸδޣԼģ
ԴϢֵõ޸Ĺ֪֮ԼĲȷĹ
̾һͷҿսɱ߲Ѿ⣬ִһǿ߾ܹΪȡķչռ䣬ϣܹߵøԶʧԼ
˵ͷٴο˿Ϊǲܹ֪һЩģҲû취ҿˣһرĿռ䣬ͨһ·ҪʺŲܹ룬ɣϣܹǿռ
˵ţҲ˵ֱӾóһƵĶȥһֻСĶעᣬȻͼһЩתƣĶתƵʺУһεĽָݸ
Ͳ֪ʲôֻǸղע֮͸оԼʶ뵽һرĿռС
ͷʱȴ˲ȥǿ
Ȼй¶±ܹҲЩˣ
˵⻰ͷ¶һ˿ЦݣȻˡ
ʧȥϢͷͷ̫ɻ󣬶ͷиǳ˾⣬һɾˡ


4 նɱ
֮ڣܹܵԦеԨˣ޴ĺöֱ졣
Ԩеǿߵˣ
һʶ̽յƵϿ
֣
оĸӦĸ֡
ͷϵ󷨷ǳԨӦòû󷨵ĸ֣û˿󷨾ǵƤӵ¡
֮УǶȥͷ֮
һ뵽Щ˶Լʱоͳһھεĸо
ȻЩ˵ԨҲпܾǱԵˣǣǱϾΪԼ
һΰԼ뵽Щ֮С
֪ڿʼԼȫؼҵһԱ
УҲҪԨ
ʱ˾ˡ
ô
Էһְ
һ뵽ʱʶо͸ֳ˴йսľ֪ʶ
ص˵һʲôأôôľ飿
ڴԼʶ˳˺档
䡭
𶯡
ֻԶЩþ޴Ŵأÿһطһ
϶Լû룬ķʽȥ
ʮԨﲻͣѲţ϶ɱǵ˲ûԶ
ƱΣñѳѵ֪ԼΨһľ֮֡
һоԨ˶󷨲УЩ˶󷨲Ϥ
һᣡ
ʶдݾһƷˣַƷǳӵӡ
ԼѧϰƷʱȵӦ²С
뵽о

ͿƷһַݡ
ʱоͻԼȻܹƷʹ÷
ʶ̽뵽ͷ͸ԼĽָУȻͷָֽаڷһЩԼ̫
׷
оͷҲһһˣָоȻŲٵķ档
Щ벻ˣͷΪҲˡ
䡭
䡭
߸ĴңԨѾѰϽĵطˡ
עڵϣÿһεĺܹһЩ޴ӡ
һֺԭʼİ취ȴһֱӵİ취ֻҪϣص󷨾ͽ֡
ٰǷ˽һ£ְЩ˽һºȫ
ԷӦӵһڵˣ⻹߲ˣһŲˡ
صĿǶסǸڵĸ֡
һƤװһ󴸵׳
ֻڵ׳ͣİǴ󴸺һЩȥɵĵطÿһȥǾ䣬ʯɡ
Ȼ⴦Աߵһʯ
ʱ
Ǵžʯȥ֪ԼȴĻˣ׼õһԾ˫ŵļһֹԵķʽͼ֡
Ƿ
ЩļֻЩȫΧƵ׳ܡ
¡¡ıըһ˸߹һ˵չ
һֵ͵ķ󣬱һĹǿǣЩĵ֮Ǿ˵ɱʮӡ
ڵԨ󴸺֮ڵҲ½ڸոһ£ھЩ۵ʱķѾը
һ߹һĹȫûˡ
֮Ƿ󣬾Ͳһεĺܹɣ󷨵תУֲͣӵĺһδεĴֵϡ
ϵķ˲䱻ȥʱҲֳִ󵶵ˡ
ҪľǶԷʧȥ˲䣬ĴһڶԷûзӦʱͷ­Ƿɳ˺Զ
£˻ء

Ԩ֮ǿǵ䵽˵ϵֵͷ­ȫΪλᷢ
Ҫ֪սҲǿ߰
˻󷨣ǣһ֪һ˲ţٴΰѽָʣµļŲĸּ˳ȥ
ε࣬޷ŪɷȫǳһĿ
ĸʱҲӦ˹벼Ϸʱըѿ
ǿĴŲ˺ȥ
ȻĻᣬ󵶳ŶԷͣӳ


նɱ
ϢжÿһŶԷҪĲλӳ
Ų˶ʱˣ뼤ʱĹ
һĵڵһƬң;۲κε
ɱ
ͷȫЩѵͬˣ뵽һЩԨ˵ʱǴϵʢࡣ
УŲԨͬҲնɱ
Ŵ󵶣վﴭϢţĹȻնɱˣȴǸоԼЩ
ĿҰһƬţҵĿȥʱͬһվ
ȻֳһӣԨ˵˫ȴǵһ¶˾֮顣
˼Լĵڿٵš
ǳֵԼȫЩѨλϸжŴ۵С
ѵ˵Լڸ֮󣬸ѨλƽʱҲھۼ
뵽˫۸ӷԼսʱϢˣ
ԷԱȻڶ࣬ǣʧȥǿ֮ΪҲһ߲ˣڶԼʧȥвˣ
Χɱ
Ԩ˶࣬һʣµԨ˳Χȥ
ԨҲڲ²⣬ڵѾǳˣǵһᡣ
ض¾ۼȫ˾۵˴֮ϣǴ󵶵ĵâ˺ܳ
ս
һԨ̲ס˺ٴαˡ
ɱ
ͷٴθֳѵǣÿһӳʱһ
һĲԨ˰Դ˳ȥʬȻ¡
նɱ
նɱ
Ψеľǳɱ
ͷ­ɳ
ֱ۱նɣ
ϣ
ͬһħͣȺдС
ϷеĸȺˮ
϶֪жٴεˣǣһǾԲͣĴȫĸѨλõ䡣
ȥԨ˱أÿһ˶һֿ־顣
һǴϼ˿ģ
նɱһ˺󣬴š
һҴ˿ģ
߲ĸֵʱĴնʬȥ

ԼоԼ뵽һرС
һԨ˵ĵ£оԼȫһϢӿ֮󣬾طԼɱ֮ΪȻһԾ㣬һ㡣
ΪĴؼӿ뵽ڡ
Ϊ֮ս
󵶷ɣʣµԨȫڵء
غŵԨˣ֫ɢĴҰһɱϢ
ٴƵվ˶Щʯ
һɱôˣԼ־˴ĸ־ѾȫںϣԼһķչ֮·һЩĿꡣ


5 սٿ
ָһ˫Բŵ˫۸ñϣĬĬЩ˵ʬ塣
һ˵ʬãжԼ̫Ĳ²⣬巢ʲôأ
оԶ徹Ȼе׷ʲô飿
̾һתǳ·Ԧնȥ
ȫǵռʱпϵˡ
ɱҲЩ¡
ʵԼֵΪ̫Զܹ֮һٻɱԷǷԭ
ٲ쿴һԼϵղʱз࣬ղŵһսУԼƴйڱ˵һڵĸ֣һŲԼҲû취ܶԷ
ﵽʱӵ߲սģͻƵ֮쿴һ£ԼսܹﵽŲڣŲϵ˵ȷЩࡣ
һͣΣȻһѨȥ
һطʼ˼ԼԼ˶ֵĻֶξԵõһһЩ⵱Ȼǲеġ
ľǷõʶˡ
ɱ

ܾ
ҵֹʱ¶ЦݣԼ˵ֹҲǲĹȻǣԼıЧġ
Ĳ쿴ֹ֮ϲطԼֹûѶȡ
ѱϢһַǳرܷʽ
һ߼
׹һǾҪϢڣ⣬˻µΪ
һֱԪӤڣԪӤ֮󣬻һֶ㹦
һ㣬൱һ㣬ܹȫһСƬΧԷһʱһƬطܹγɲܵķﵽʱֵĹ޷˺ܿ𵤸ֵĹ
˽⵽Ĺ֮һָоȫԼڵһ㣬ܹӲֵĹԼռ̫ˡ
ܾͬҲԼƵĹѨλϸܹܣܾĻܵ
ɱ˵һЩǣɱµ˵͵ϮźܴЧˡ
ɱ˵ûʲôѶȣһʱʱͲˡ
һʲôأ
һ£оܾӦҪĹĻһܾĹ֮ĶͶ뵽ܾС

ѣڵҲҪ˸ѳ
ʱǷ˼սսϣڵĸǸϵ
Լһȫĸڵĸ͸֮顣
֮ǳŵķŭˣ
Ҫ֪ĵطսϽ𵤸־ѾǾеĺģڵ˿˵սϵĽ죬ÿһֶǾеľӢû뵽һڵĸ־
ĵǿʶͣĴɨӣĸֵ͸̫ɻ
Ǿɳֲ࣡
һĸߴĶԨ˴˵
˴Ǽ干ͬ˷𹥻ĴΪսͲΪһЩ²ɳֹ
սҪɱǵʮˣû޷ģ˵öԣǲɵóֵ
ǵǶмӣûܳ
ĸ˷һ֮󣬴ҵ϶һЩɻ
ȥЩ˶ǳ˽⡣
ԷͻȻ˼֣սֱؽ޴ĸı䣡Ϊ׵һ˳˵
˵⻰ĸ˷ĸٴѰ
˵һζ˵ԵĹһֱ˸޷סĹ
ܹһٴĹؼʱκεⶼ֡

ͬʱһľӪ棬һڵĸֿһյͻȻȥɫһ䡣
ˣ
𵤸ִһ

һڵľ˴˽
һָյƣ𵤽ɫǳѿ
ǾһϨʱͬҲɫ䣬Ծŷǰˣ
ӪһӾ
һ󣬽𵤽̾һ˴ܸ巢𹥻ԽûԮҪľǶսڼʹǼɹĺӾͻԴԴϵʱǾ͸Ѵˣ
ŷǰȥƻԷĴǻڷ²ģӦܹﰡôͻȻأ
һв֮·ˣ
˵òԨ˺ǲбǰǾͷŷĻҡʱȻܵˣһֱѹƣڿҲ޷ѹƣϳһЩ⣡
𵤸š
ͷ⻰̾⽫֮ǰΪȥץһԨѯǵĴڣֹȻˣǣܵˣ඼Ѵã޷ٽˣɴƴһҲҪ˲ƣٺԨ˵ĲбΪǿᾫɱͺľˡ
ô죿

𵤸ɫһ´
ҾټϣȫǰԨ𹥻
ǣ
˳ȥ𵤽ֿ˿ƣ̾һȻ˳ȥ
Ȼ޷ʵʩƻֻչսˡ

ľʱչ˼սҲ״̬
Ѱѵе׵һߣֻ֪ԼΪˣԼлĻᡣ
ܾȻһܹѨλΪĺù
ɹ֮ҲǳԾС⹦һĺôÿһѨλһӴĴ洢֮ڳ֮ͱ
һ֮ڲ㼶ͻʱôĵҩϣǽ赤ҩҩǿԼȴȫ÷ҩˣֻҪԼЩѨڳʱӴܹһƹسɹ
Լ˵Ĳˣ
֪ܾҲֻԼܹܾһؼȫϢĶֻӵϢѨλչܹС
ԼʶͣʶȫϢϢԣں֮ϢֵܹںϣһˣӵдϢҲһܹɹ
ܾת֮Ͳȥ⹦ܹԶеĹʱڴ洢
ܾ֮ٴγ뵽֮УҪһֹˣϣʱɡ
һûȥ飬֪ͷȥսǰչˡ
սµǰչЩѰ˲Ųò˻ȥҪȻĻƾԷкܴĿܰҳ
һ޴սŵսɽ֮УҲѾͷһѿɡ
һѨ
׷ҪˣȲһ󷨣
Ĺؼʱ򣬾ɽ⴫Ů˵
ˣ
û뵽ôεĵط˵
óŮˣڱ׷׷
޷ȥ飬ĵطһ֮ҲʱŮ˷֡


6 
ǲصýΣŮнţһʱҲûз档
Ӧþ
ѣӦþ棬ܲԶ
Ůڲʱƿ֮ԨѾ׷
׷̫ˣ
Ůûʱ䲼һ󷨡
⻰Ůһţ֪㲻סˣ˶˳ȥ
ףŮĴҲԵͷԷȻɽ棬Ǿͻᱻֻгȥһ˿ϣ
ӵվоԼڵΪһЩȫ³ǿС
ɱչС˶ڵķ
˶ǻܣ
ΧסˣץȥǵʶҵŮū
Ϊһĸ֣˸߲㣬ĸˡ
ȥʱһ۾ͿˣΪ׵һˣȥ˫۳һаϢһСҲͣҡ
ɻǶԷͷϲûԨֳļǣȫһ
ǱʱҲŮʲôĳֻǸоŮķǳٹ۲һʱͿˣŮΪ׵ŮΪߣﵽ߲㣬һŮȴӣΪȻˣǣŶԷЩˣ֪Σˡ
ʱоͳ˺⣬ԼǵùҲȥŮʲô뷨ɱЧʱ򣬾С˵ķ˹ȥ
ҲˣֻҪɵΪ׵ˣ˾ˣ⼸˶˴ˡ
սԽԽḻ
ոտʱͼɫһ䣬ķͿ˹
ã
֪ԷܷԼˡ
ʱȻһѴֱָ˾նɱȥ
ǿɱȫˡ
ɫУ˲ͣˡ
ϧɱȫһľɱ֮۶Էôƶȫ
˭
ԨʱҲһ˹ȥ
ŮӱΪԼͽ군û뵽ͻȻһ֣˶ԷΪ׷ɱȥ϶ʱֳϲɫֳֳҲ˽ȺԨ˼ս
һնɱڶԷϣޱȣԨÿһθովۼһЩ벼Ϸʱܹһʱôնķ
Ǵӵܣŵķһ
ӵ
ӵ
Ǵ󵶲ͣĻӶնڶԷķ档
ת˲֮䣬Լ֪Լն˶ٵе̵ܶʱͲľ
ĸѨλڻزҲϢ
Ԩ˾ȫͬˣû˰㣬ǲͣļ˷ҲͬһһĶա
ҪľĴ߶Ĵ֮£˲ס
һѵĴն˵ؿڡ
һ󼤵֮£Ǵ֮ȻɢһҪ߻˶ԷʱͼԨ˵ĹѾ
ˣ
ɱ
شǵӣԨ˶ˣƴɱ
ɱСӣֻܻսļԨˡ
ȻûɱԨˣȴ֪Լһ˶Է࣬Ҫָһʱ䡣
Ԩʱǻ赹ڵأĴԨ˲ͣӲ
Ϊ˼Լĳɹʱ̫ؼλôʱƴųܶԷһҲҪӵնɱԷ
硭
ۡ
һԨһȭʱĴҲһն˶Էؿڡ
ηնɱ֮£Է˴Ǳնɱ˴롣
ŮҲս׺Ůˣ趯ͬҲնɱˣ˼
ۡ
Լһնɱ˵ʱŮҲսβˡ
һŮռϷǻ赹˹ȥ
ȰѶԷһָժȻһ´õһֽķ
ҪľǶ˽һֿơ
ҲˣطԨ˱ضǣܹסһԨˣؼʱԼкôġ
ְ˵ͷϣŶԷڻԣʶ޷ʱץһŻǡ
ǻнһЩ֮ٴΰѶԷĻǰڡ
÷
ֿȻǰԵķʩչһ֮ҲоԼʶдһƣĸо
̧ͷʱͷѾ˹һվԼԡ
л׳ʿȣ
Ůֿܵ˿ƵԨˣȫʲô
Ů˵̧ͷǿ˹ȥ
һۿŮʱ𶯡

ȫͱһּµˡŮȫþ˵ŮӣһһЦУȫ޴رŮϳһϢ
ŵԼڵһ磬ŮӳֵĻ·Χۡ
ãˣôͷôа뷨СôҲˣ
УԲа
ŮŮһЦʵѱˣ
ʱͷԼϷԶ
ԾԼϷһУԼϢŮϢĳϵϢ֮Уоһɻ˫
һ֣͸оԼгһ
ã
ϷȻħ
ľ֮£ĬšĻ
ϾʱĸָŮҲ٣ʱľ֮Ǻָܿ˹
ʩչǿɣΪ׵ŮҲѧ
ѯʱҲоЩ֣ôո˵˼仰ԼȻһЩֵ뷨
ԷȻַ֪
Ҳ֪
ɶⷨر𰡣
֪ⶫԼУǴ·һЦ
ܹ֤ܹĿǣҪ֪һؼʩߵʶʶ㹻ǿƽʶûǿĻܹ׽⿪ģȻˣʶﵽһĸ߶ȣԷûʶǿܿסǡ
ڸмǣŮڶԴ̬Ͼͷǳ
ԭ飡
뵽ԼϷЩ̬ʱҲԼһָоÿϷ˲εʱʶҲԼΪˣԼ˵ҲһǿĹ
һеˣЩϵƷͷǳ⣬һ˵Żһ߻ЩʬѰţҲҵ˲ٵƷ
ŮǰûѶ˵˶Լװϣһ㶼ָʱŮ࿴϶¶һֹ֮顣
ǶŮ־ɫŮߵﶼӵڶ࣬ѰƷ飬˶ѯǵķǰõƷ͸ǣأ
һ㶼˼ǵĸܣԼͰƷװʱһʧܵĸо
Сˣ
һţŮ˵
Ϊ׵ŮȴһЦŮ
뿪˵ѰƷ֮һͰЩʬˣȻŮ˵һ䣬չΣԦվԨ˵ķȥ
һ£Ů۾һ뷨
Ū뷨֮Ƕа̾ĺ
Ů֮ͬҲûٶԣԦнȥ


7 
һƬ֮أڿɽµһѨ棬Ůӿٲһ󷨣ȫȥ
վ￴ţͰﲻʲôæŮͬôĳеŮҲһЩʶ
ӵϢǵٶĺܿ졣
ÿһŮӶǼƷŮ
Ϊ׵ŮӲͣӽָͳһЩƷ뵽ܵĵϣһ͵СѾϡ
ŮҲ᲼еԼҲӦѧһ󷨣еʱ󷨻һֺõıֶΡ
վҲڲ²ŮóΪ׵ŮԲһˣӦȨһײ㡣
ǲ֪ôˡ
һƵ˶ڷλŮӵ϶¶Цݡ
ˣӦÿԶһˣŮҲԾЦ˵
ΪŮתվ￴ǲһЦһ󷨣ﲢʲô۵ĵطԨʱҵˡ
С㣬ϴҪʱæûܲ󷨣ǾҵҲ
΢΢һЦŮǾϢһºˡ
Ů˿վͲ˵ԨˣҲ
ǳװʶˣŮԨˣ
εҵһʩչǲԭûסʶҸһʶ
óһƿһ˵ĸʶҲ֪Լϲǰġ
СŮݲҵŮ񣬲֪գ
Էѯʣҽ
Ͽһ鲼ŮЩɻ
Ůֱڿʲô
ʱҲŮţŮһľװͷоͻȫӵķװ
̾һͰԼ˳
Ȼˣľһеļͥˡ
ļͥŮЩ⣬Ҳû뵽ֻһССؼӵܡ
ս³ԽбԨ˷²ŮҲ
񲻽֪ؼҵС壬ΪҲڣڵΪӦò
ݲʱҲ
ֻ̾һͰͷ˵һ飬Ȼǰң
ͷˣɴͰе鶼Ƶͷϡ
Ŷ
û뵽˵ͷʱŮɫһȻ
ŷǰû뵽ȻôһֻԵ
ǰǣ
ͷҲе棬ͷԼǲ
óͷ͵ӣŷͷҲЩˡ
˿ݲȻŷǰ㣬ЩͿԶ˵һˡ
ͿˣݲҲһ
żΧߵսԵľԨˣҲƾУԨڽ͵ĴǰǴ͵ĴϣӵԨ˾ܹ˲䵽Ҿѹͻŷǰ֪󣬾ͻ뵽˷²Уǻ쵽ԨȥȻǴƻû뵽;г⣡
ʹ
һ£뵽ԼҲǵһԱʱо˰ͷʹ顣
ŷǰһ󷨴ʦǴȥ˶ԷĴ󣬿ϧ
ԭͷô
뵽ͷԼһЩֻԼһֱûʱȥо
ô
Ů
̾һŮǵǶˣ
ڵսȫֻ֪ս£˾Ƭȫ濪սС
ҲˣŮǾӵһԱܾǰ֮ӵҪԼǣ˵ˡ
սչڣеıԴҲˣˡŮ˶ս֪ѵ˴ͷ
δһĵǡ
Ԩĺȫ浽սѹˣݲԶսĵǸС
ڴô
һ£ݲ̾ҵ뷨ǿܲܰȥŷǰһ£־֪ǵΪĲһ⣬Ƕˣ
뵽˽ЩԨץס֮ĺ˵ȹȥɣȥ
ҪȥʱŮԾؿ
ΪҲһع飬û뵽ȻʾҪȥʱЩˡ
Ԩ˸ڶ࣡
ݲҲΪĸоУҲܹŲ˴һ£Ҫ֪Ԩ˶ϵˣȥ˵Ļ˵Ǿһ
ݲѣŷǰҷǳģδôҲҪȥһ£۳벻ɣܵһ²С
һ£ݲǸһ
ҡҡͷȥҲûãҷԨˣܹһЩá
ݲ˿վԨˣ£뵽ԼŮԨڶĵطҲǳʱҧҧ촽ش磬ں󷽵㣡
ʱǸ˳ƺ
ЦЦһ󣬵Ԩ֮߰ɣ
˵⻰ǴǶѨȥ
ȥӰŮӵжʱһּ¶С
С㣬үܹŻ𣿡
ж͵ش磡
С㣬ôˣЦһʵ
ôˣǽõӣҲὲһЩ֪Ļ
С㣬˵Цһʱ䳤ˣȻһֵĸо
˵
ǰֵĸо
ݲݿиһЩرʣоԼһһ˵к
뵽ڹؼʱԼ뵽ΪĴ壬޷˵ĳ˳ȥʱݲоһӸߴޱ
ʱ뿪ȴп޷˵
ǲò뿪ŮӣħȻħ
ҵһͬЩɽﲻͣĵϢš
Ϸѹһħÿһʱ򣬶ŮԵͻռϷ磬ʱΪ̫ˣһôߣڻ˴Ϣ
ʼʱŮôŮ˵ʱرǿŮһһЦɢֽϢʱͷԼ岿λڷ仯гȥռŮ뷨
Ҵ뿪֮ﲻͣĵϢϷԵõһЩ޸ģҲܹѹƣӰ쵽Լʶһ̵Ϣ֮ڰﶯƽϢ
ȻϷаŹ
һоһ顣
ȻΪŮ˵ȥŷǰ飬ǣеȷҲ뷨ΪһԱȻϣ⡣
ܹƻǴ͵Ĵ󣬶˵Ҳһֹף
ʵ֮ôһؼĻǵõʶһֹ
ٰʶеֹ˳

ܵԨȥһڡ
֮˴ĹоһֽĹһָĽܹ֮Լ仯һ̬
Դ֪֮ԼѧѾòѡ
һվԼԨʱҪľ跨Ԩ˵ݻ쵽Ԩȥ
ͣĵԼϢܿͿʼ˱ֹ
ǰûйҪһѧĺܲףǣﵽ˵һ֮ѧֱͱˡ


8 Ԩ
һԨװֳһСȵԦԨӵķȥװԨˡ
ڱѧ֮һԨˣ뵽˿Ĳ㣬ԼΪߣԨȥԨ棬Ƶһʱͻᱩ¶ԣֻķʽԨˡ
綼лƣɱˣǻҲϨˣͬԷע⡣
֪˵ļǷӵ˵Ļƣɱ˿϶ǲˣҪݣʱͲܹȥ
ԣõİ취ǰԨ˷ӡɽ֮УȻ˵ʶ֮̽Ȼͱ˵Ԩȥ
߱ӡصصײȥûκε֮ĶǣֱӴһ£Ҳܷˡ
ûκεѹڷ˵ļ֮˻ɱΪ

ԼݵֽԨһӵܣμɵġ
Щֵ˵һЩʶӡţԼ޷⿪һ£Ϊ˱գЩӡŵʶҲ뵽ԼԺֻǶԷ˲ԣ⿪ӡʱҲܹƭסǡ
ϸϸһӡҲЩˣ˵УҲʶַ飬ɴͶһЩؼļϢзӡֻǶԷץסҲòϢ
ԵСˣȫѹˣϺСĵط˸ƣֱԼȫһ֮һ
һֶΣǾǰѶԷʶԼʶֻ֮Ҫмµʱ䣬ԷϢͻתƵԼϣʱʾľͲ壬ڵ塣
˵⼸¾Ĺؼ⼸µĻͲˡ
ԦնУͣϰЩ
ʶһЩôǾǶԷͬҲܹѧᣬڶ˵ԷĹֻ⡣
һϤĹһҲڸֱ̫̾ǿˣʩչ֮ԼĻ˭ҲֳܷԼðƵݡ
ôˣ
һ޴ľӪǰľӪɱ죬֮ŵɱ
ٿӪ󷨲ŵĽʿҲúܡ
ҲһٻЩӡ
ȻԼðն˾ĵģǣôǿľӪͷҲЩð
ѯʣŷִ˼ˡ
ʱȫȫѪɫҲǻҰܵӡ
Ϊ˱һɣװ˸˵
һѾû뵽˶Էǿߣҵȫ𣬻Ҷ˷˻
Ļ˲ûɣЩֻζһ˹һЦøˣԼûܹõǾ͹ֲǸ缸ˣһûķˣ
ı飬Ԩ˵ҲһЩʶǵ棬²Ƕ顣
ߣյõһˣȥȼ
һԨһ˵Ҫ³Ȼ֪Է˵Ĳʲôƾ⡣
ǿסеĲǻҰܵɫŪøһЩҵõϢһȥˡ
˵Ҳûǿ󣬹Цţȥ
ոսһսҾʤ
ץ˲ˣսԻͰ
ǵۣʵ֪ǵĴôˣ˵ĻһٻԷ
˵ֵʦļٶȿˡ
ȥ
ģӪЩ˿ýģͲȥصǣӲʰǡ
Ӫ
ļкܿͳһЩϢ֪ˣļͷӪеӪС
һЩ֮ҲһЩ
λӳټضӳ
һԨʿٵǾʹ˵
ϵܣʧһ뿪Ӫ鷳ˣ
¸ϣҵûǵӰô
˿ȥֹӸӣûѽ
֪ζԼ˵һ飬ͿܲӦǽˣӦһ֮ʿͳĵĽȥ
ĽʿΪ͸ˣһȥͷһʿˣΪˣڵĽ쿴˲٣ŽӽڵĽ졣
֮ͨ˽ȥһ۾Ϳ߾һ𵤽
гǿϢÿһ춼վû˵Ľ룬һʶȫ
ʼʱҲЩ飬뵽֮뿪ˣһѣҲûʲô˵顣
ſ֮ԵһЩ
Լ֪̬þԭ̬һģЩ˶Ļɡ
ǽȫ¿ţ͸һӣҲֻһ
ھǿң⽫Ҳֻʾõ뷨
ݼ
ڼҲֻ뱧񣬲عݣͱһ
Ӫ֪
ǽ
ĴǿѹǳǶ
׷˲Ӫģпԭԭ¡
ģԸ˵ôһ䡣
ȫ¿֪Ѿ˲٣⽫Ҳһ̨¶ѣûǰԭµĻɫһС˲ˣҲЩˣҲãԼ̨ܹˡ
뵽ɫһʲô
ͰԼ׷ѾܹץסˣͻȻһϸ֣ȻԼ˻ɱҪԼ˷һԼᱻɱ齲һ顣
ҵսÿ춼ڷûʲôرĵطҲһ¶ѡ
ǵ׷˶ȥпԭ²ΪȥϢȥɡ
ҲҰô˼仰֮󣬾Ͱˡ
Ӿ˳鷴ЩأҲЩΪֻһСĳڿСӵļǿǿýڵĽǡ
Щˣ
ҲЩڣԼٰһͥӵҲбףһǼĸֵ֪Լð黹ܲܽȥ
뵽Լѽ뵽˾Ӫ֮У뻻һݶѲʱоЩˡ
һļʱҲƽһЩСӴ˶ˣҲʱûܹԼ⡣
վھ֮⣬ŻصԼסĵطʱͻȻͼһð˳һӹǰ䰲ү밲
һۿ䰲ʱɫһ䣬ͻȻ뵽һص⣬ȻӪвôҾ죬ǣ⼸Ӹ綼ǴһЩŮūģЩŮūҲҪ̴ůЩ˲˽Լ˰
ô죿
վ


9 аŹ
ݼү
ոսԼסǸӪʣĸŮūͰݵڵء
װӣɡ
лү
ĸŮūվ
ۿȥʱоЩ̫ˣԨһ㶼ͷһֻǣڿЩԨŮʱȴǷǵͷϲûжǣȫһ
ЩԨŮ˳ͬޣһôˡ
رĸŮūԾѰҵľƷˣ͸Ӷˡ
ӹһŮūõһ裬ͣķĸŮūļ䣬鿴һ֮϶ʱֳ˹֮顣
ѹȥ͸һаԭһֽתĹ
ת
⹦ҲЩ֡
ҪϢȥɣ
ЩҹĸŮūֱӾͰǴȥ
ĸŮū˳ȥŵϢ
ʶ뵽ͷУǣһֱûзʶԨ˵̫Ĳףʱ䣬Ҫúõ˽һԨ˵һЩ
ԣӪӪʣӪסмһСӪʣǾסġ
ľһľӪͬһЩӵܹܶһЩеģܹȷǵİȫܹӸǿս
ȼҲӵȨһ㣬ǵӪ˻һЩ֮ͬ
ܾģҲûţǼתһоʱоͻȻͷǼйֹϢһӿ˳
ӿ㣬Ծ⹦ȻǺǿʶĴ¿Լת
⣡
Լ޷֮¾תһֹʱҲһ
ԣ⹦иǿ뵽ʶ֮УȻ
ǿߵʶ̫ǿˣǿþǱͷеʶҲôǿԼû̫ķֻǱת׹
ڵΪҲ㣬޷ǹڿٵĽתŪֻܱؽǹС
ȫǹתһӱǱװаϢ֪оŨ
֪Լתǹ֮⣬ûа취ùͣ
ǹеʱ򣬲ͣڸıԼϢȫĻڷ룬ķչ
ã
תϷֻ֪Ϸֹܹ⹦ˡ
ֻкһݣǻ֧ʧȥ˻͵ʧȥ˻Ը⿴顣
ȻϷҲһֺǿĹһ֮󣬵Ҳ⹦ŵĹͣ
ǣǷһµϷȻһְԣǼתĹҲ˽ȥϷһЩ΢Сĸı䡣
ͣ˼ת֮ԼȫмʱϾһֹı֡
ʱʩչűװʱȫ˸ƣһطҲһǾǲλһۿȥʱʱҲһǵطȫһӣ˵һ̫ҲΪԼǾ޴ȫ飬˺ôŰӡ
ںˣñ磬ǵطֱӾ͸һˡ
ʲôأ
ͷЩðԼͳ̫ˣ
ǳһĳ嶯ˡ
ȻˣһŻǱģӻˣ
û취֮£ֻо˼תоһ֮Ū
ֹʵһּΪԵĹڿʼʱĻ֮
׹㼫һǼʱȫаϢǣаȴá
ڶת㣬һ㼶֮󣬾ͻữ֮ȥĵطþ޴
ⶼʲôĹ
Ū֮Щ
ȻаŵĹָ㷨ҪǰԼŪӣͺܻܿŪɻ𱬵ӣĽǲԸֵġ
һʱһֲ²⣬϶Ǳʰˣиְаֹ뵽ڣתĹ
˽⵽֪תҪﵽ𵤲ʱܹתҲ˵Ů˶ȫʧȥ˿ܣڽ֮ǰ޷еġ
һĵطڼһ棬⹦˱ҪŪһɫŮշԼڵаϢȫһ˱Ĺ
ͷԼ⣬⹦Щˡ
ԼҲˣ⹦ɣԼҲʧȥԸˣ
ˣֻʲôأ
ᵽʱɣ
Щðˡ
ǼڲҪֹһأ
һָо׹ʱЩˣ̬ҲһЩŤȥ˵תˣǼʱ군ˡ
ô죿
һҪıڵֻǼϣϷˡ
ԣϷҲһ֮ΪħĹоǼתħԴһЩղϷڼֹݣҲԼϷƶתҲ˵
ŵʱ򣬾洫˵ǼӸˡ
ٿʱʱŷ־Լ뼫תʱ棬ʱȥˡ
ոմӦһʱͼĸŮūûκιǵ˽
ĸŮһ˽һΣʶҪȥĵط
ˣ
ͣļǿ
ĸŮ˼ֲƵģ˶ˮŤëٰĨһӣȻŮūٰ·ϡ
Ĺ̶ôûлָʱɡ
ȻˣҲȫʹסˣʱҲһĸŮū뷨ʶҲסǵı仯ǶԼκεı仯ܹڵһʱ
ãĹУĸŮūûκεĳ֮ȫͰ
ĸŮūûκεر仯ʱʱҲһ
ȻˣεĻǻ⣬
ˮĻԼʱԼڵеаϢ࣬ȫȻ¶
·ĸŮūȥʱȴЩĸŮūԲû顣
ȻԼҲٵˣҲԼ԰ǱԼŮūҲ˵
ʱȻһЩа뷨
ãԼʶƻܵ⹦Ӱˣ
ʶԼһ
ϷаŹ
ʱĸŮūվǰرǿڰԼϵŮūǰ۵Ĺ֮ʱһ
ϷڿٵתţŮϢҲڽţԼĸŮūֻȡһЩڵĻһӣĻҲǿࡣ
ҪĹ
ʱ֮飬ǣȴһĶûС
˰
ⶼʲô
һ˵ĳ嶯
һһˣһȴǳ˸ֵ뷨Լʶڼҵս


10 
磬ôˣ缸㡣
˵䣬ǼԨӸ˵Ц˽
ģӣһָЩϵŵ
˵ϸ磬۶а𣬹ûתɣһӸһЦ
ɫһ䣬ץϵһ󱭣ŶԷ˹ȥ
ƽʱһԲϾʹˣҲԼҪģֱ
ǹӸ絽ҲһÿˣƲһδ޸飬ƨ£бȥɵ
Ȱһ֮²ǽҹ
ϴҶݸûлˡ
磬˷÷ǳҾչ
ʹֻҪ赽ҾӾܹ˸Ͷס
˵ǣ˵ǣ
磬η²˲ٵˣϧǽöˣ˵Ҫͻؾǣ
˷²ˣһʵжˣ
һ˰ɣϴһ֮Ҿʤ
Ϳʼ˼һͻԨ復ǣֿ϶ǲõģԼȻˣǾӦһЩǵ顣
û£ȥЩ²
һ˵ӸЦϱߵĴӪȥ
սһЩū͵ǳΪľ¡
·ϣһӸСôе
ɲǣóʱûȥӪˣ
Ӫصأý룡
ҸոյͼһŮÿһƵĴľװ־װͬһķװûǳصĿӣǵ˳
һһŮӸоͳһּǿռ
ģӪЩŮ̫оˣ
һۿŮٿЩŮ÷ǳƯʱͷЩӸ磬оˣ⼸СӦþЩŮɡ

һ÷ʷʵĹӸһЦга֮顣
ҪǴӳǺǡһӸһЦ
ͻȻ͸оĲһǿɱӭ
ҲоɱȻǿȴҲûɱԼ˼վﲢûƶ
ʱһӭĿ֧ʸǲ˴ǰĵϡ
֧ļʸѳ֮ļӸ綼Żˣһŵþ͵˵ϡ
棡
Ӫдһ֮һͬžװ̬ȵŮҡҷ˳
ŮľװҲ࣬Ҳһӳ
һۿȥʱ͸оǱͺһŮǰȻʧɫŮͬ°еĿⶼ˹ȥ

Ůɫһࡣ
رžװξ͸ӵˡ
Ůĳ֣Ӹȫ仯ˣһĿ͸żǿռ
Ǽ飡
ûе˵ͼһطһͬûжǵ˧Ӹ硣
Сһţһ߳ؿˡ

һĹӸʧ
ߣϴδǻǷʰ
óǳŵӡ
ʱѾСӵΪԶˣѾʮӡ
һƵ·˧úܣȥһǿߵϢ¶
ӸûƢΪԷż޷ȡ
ٻȻû°ɣûǷֱӾþ˵Ůѯ
һͷŮȻһЦˣС¡
ȥ˻׽
ʱһһӪĵ׿ܶԼһ˵жа
뵽װһֺŵӣӽרʰġ
˵䣬ͳ˹ȥ
ּתйȻˣʩչʱ򻹼ɱ
һȻ͵ǰ֮Ǽǿһ
ûǴ򶷣ǸͲĶ֣ÿһǵ׿ٻȻͻ֮ÿһζܹʰһ¡
ͬҲ⣬ȥǵһ˵ǵ׿ٻȻľӪ͸оԼǰ¶ĻˣҴҾ͸˹
ôҲû뵽ǽ⣬˹
ɱϵ˿޷ãǣԸһ˵ǾǾɱ似ˡ

䣡
ȻǼǿһ
ûз£һȭֱ˧ϡ
㣡
˭Ҳû뵽˵ʹֱһȭ
ʱ׿ٻȻ߳һͳ˹
֮ԴĿľһŮʲôΪ
Է˹ͬҲȥ
û뵽ȻڸеŮ׿ٻȻ򶷣ĹӸȫסˣһ㶵ؿѾһˡ
ʮһ㣡
һҲеԾȫû뵽ŮȻѾﵽʮһ㣬ٲһ߾͵˴ԲҪˣ
Ůˣ
ҲԼֶΣÿһζԷػʱòֶܵΣƴӲܶԷһȭҲҪл
磡
׿ٻȻһȭؿڡ
ΪԼһȭԻǣȫû뵽һȭһȭصĴؿǸŵĲλ

ǼӸˡ
Ȼȭ׿ٻȻǵط
ҵ찡
ִ򷨵һֿĸо
ôҷǿڳܵ˶Էһ֮ʱͬһ׿ٻȻ塣
ҿ
˶ˡ
ʱȴҲп޷˵Ů˱һɽӣսȫ׺ݵӣûκĵطԼ֧֣ϸûз֮ÿһζǶԷ̫׺Ƶòҧ
вϵѪܵŮ˵Ĵ֮󣬽еһΪǲӲ඼ܵ˺
һߵþЩˣԷȻžװ壬ȴҲһߵɫ䡣
Ȼˣ͸һ⡣
ôˣȻ飬׿ٻȻǼˡ
Ҫɱ㣡
֮£׿ٻȻҲ˼ԼˣӴóһ˳ǹһǹ˹ȥ
ԷȻɫһ䣬Ů̫׺ˣô죿
ǿܹȭƵĹûеܹסԷĹ
Ѵ̶ˣҲһ׺֮ûˣӭϣ׿ٻȻ˹ȥ
׿ٻȻʱǹ֮Ƭط·˲һɱ
һһݣǳǹԼʱƴűУ쿪һ§ס׿ٻȻ֫
ѪˮɽۻǱ̳ѪѾ׿ٻȻϡ
ܵĽӴһ֮£׿ٻȻͷһƬհףеĳǹȻͱһȭɡ
ʱǲͣĻӶȭͷ׿ٻȻ
̫׺ˣ
Ƕִȫˣû뵽ûϧֱ̬ӾͰôһŮ§ڴ
ס֣
ʱҾһĺֻڵǸǴ󲽶


11 ӽĿ
ǹѺԱĵطɣ
һ棬һƬڰܵ˴˽գ͹ӪѺ˵ĵط⴦طһ˸֮ȥһ޴ã󷨳ɱе˶档
ǱΪġ
ȻǽҲҰԼô
ûбؽյĲ¶Цݡ
ԼΪȥ³çʵĿľ
ӽЩ˹Ѻصˣ
׿ٻȻŮػžеĹ涨֪ԼֶΣͲܻ쵽ԼѾʵˡ
׿ٻȻҲͬ˽ʱͰЦѡ
ԣǽ𵤽ҰԼôѯ֮󣬼Լҧûʲô飬ȳˣȻ׿ٻȻҲɱȻϼӸĸϣĲǸ򼸰ӣѴҶ˽ա
Щһ£Լһô顣
ӪĺԾǽ𵤸ˣԼΪͲĶ֣Ψеľ֡
뵽ŷǰڵʱЩɻŷǰΪҲǽڣƾʲôƻ
ŷǰ뷨ʱҲֻǴ־ġ
뵽ľѺЩˣ֪ŲٵԱ⣬һǽڵĸ֡
Ŀǽڵĸ֣ܹȳǽ𵤸֣˵ĳǻˡ
Ϊ˽ӽֵþͷǳĳ嶯ˣŪ˺ܴĶ
ӡΪ˵ûκεãܾȫѨ˵ƵĵطۼڸѨλУֻҪһǷӡĵܹ⿪
һѨǷӡ˵ĵȥ
Ϸͣת֮£Ǳŵĵ˲ǳ忪
ǿڵмѣ֪ԼָֻΪ
ϷĹȻ
ȻһЩʱԼ˵Ϣһ½޸Ů˵ĹҲǷ²ѣŮ̫׺ˣԼҲֻܳδٶĻƵµľԼˡ
ɫѾ𽥺ĿͶŵһߡ
ûʱͳС֡
֣ʿæСŹкηԸ
ӪУҶ֪ǼͷͲ뵽֡
˵ˣܹ˹ϵҲ޴ĺôͻᵽСԵùޱȡ
СӸſʱ˫ƵһӾߡ
ȫչԸһ˶˵ѡ
֮ܵʾ£СͳԿ׾ͰŴˡ
˵һ֮ʿ·Ȼñ仯ʿӣʿؽ档
ӳ̫ɶˣ
ŵʱ򣬾Աߴһʱȴ׿ٻȻһ䷿棬˵ӦһϴӪŮˡ
ӳȥʰһСӣ
ˣֺӪ飬رЩѺˣ
׿ٻȻԷǳƣ˵һ䡣
׿ٻȻȫû뵽Լ§ţҵô˲еԼȫʧȥӡ
֪ôܹ뵽ˣ˵ʱһ
ȵŮ֮صĵط˳ȥ
ҹصǼҪľ˸Ͳҽһͱ÷ǳİȫ
Ų׿ٻȻۿһֳɻ֮顣
ϴӪߣļɵȻ֪ģһŪĹأû뵽һʿȻ߶
ʲô
׿ٻȻ
ЦЦ˹ȥ
ԨнľǵȼӪҲд֣ǣǵݲûжߣִӪȴ׿ٻȻЩӵܡ
ԣ׿ٻȻĴͱõ̫࣬Ÿûϡ
֪׿ٻȻΪҲжķ΢Цž˽ȥ
㣡
׿ٻȻЩˣԲԼˡ
Ԩ˲ûʲôõӡ־׿ٻȻ˹ȥ
뷴ʱ׿ٻȻŷԼΪȫסģûл֮
ľ壬ʱ׿ٻȻͬһܵ˾ŵŮ׿ٻȻ֪ˡ
˭
ͼȥ
ϧڽʱһȫ˷գʹȥ
ǲϲ˵ū𣿴ӽ쿪ʼҵŮū
ҲٽܵһЩϵЩ뷨Ҳ𽥵ĸı䡣
ŮܵŵӣеԼھȻһɼǿ֡
һӾͰ׿ٻȻͷϣȫչѶԷʶҲȡ˳
ò˵Ů˵ΪǿǱӡ˵Ʋס
ԼоԼһˣһӾͳȡ˶Էʶ
־չ֮Ů˵ʶ
ȡһŮ˵ʶʱֶԷʶͬҲһЩӡ˵ʶ
ѵŮ˸ԼһҲдͷˣ
ҡҡͷŮ˵ʶƸһļ֮У˰ȻȥˣֻҪڵʶĨȥһʶָֻ
ԼҲһ£Լعˡ
뵽Ҳپ£ٶ׿ٻȻʵʩ˿ơ
Ů֮һȻĻᣬΪβƼأ
뵽׿ٻȻȥҵĵطСҲ˿ƣȻְ˽յļиҲ
ӳ
տסһеŲʱͼǸ׿ٻȻŮͻȻ˽
ɱ
һ´˾˲Χȥ
Ů˵ΪҲʮ㣬ôΧɫ֮¸û뵽Ǳһɱڵء
ɱϵжҲеԾҪԼɱͻȻǰûзҲԼס
ŮҲ֮վ˼
һжԼ뷨չţֻһݣ⻹еĽ𵤸ֵûһ𵤸ԸԨĸ֣Ӫȵ͸޷ɡ
ʱֻ׿ٻȻĴдһ춯֮󣬾ͼ׿ٻȻӴóһ
Ǵȥʱоһȫһֻ
׿ٻȻȻܵĿƣڴϻʶܿͨɡ
֮ͨ׿ٻȻضˣոսӵ֪ͨ˵ǴͽɣΪ󷨣һЩ˴ͻȥ
ˣ
Ϣ˵һǳõϢˣƴӵԨ˾ͻᵽʱս¾ͻᷢ޴ת䣬ѵξͽ
ʱ̫ˣ
Ҫȥ
׿ٻȻ˵
˵䣬Ҳԭӣȫͱسԭӡ
ϾܵĿƣ׿ٻȻҲûκε⡣
ҵ˵Ľ𵤸֣˻ûоȣ


12 
ô죿
УһЩΧһԣÿһ˵϶һı˸С
˺ܳʱ䣬еһ˲ų̾һ

̾Ϣ·Ҫȫ˸ȫ
Ҫ鱨Ҳܰһ̾һ
һţҶԼδѾûϣ
˵ľӣһս֮󣬳ɢԱ֮⣬ȫˡ
뵽֮Ůıһգев˱Ԩ˵ʳԵҵָӵ˵
ϽͷɢңɫҰܣȫʧȥսɳƣĿͶķ򣬱ѵûˣ
սʧ涼ǸΧ徹ȻΣͷ
û˱Σˡ
һ뵽ȻΣգϽѾ޷ˡ
ٻף価ɽԶԨ
ϽǻѪȥ
ϽĻΧΧľϸһʧУףڿʼǽҪٵľһ֮·
оԮ𣿡
һһ䡣
ûܹش
ҶףڵûԮ֮¡
гҫ֮⣬ɢҵгһ
ڴҼȵʧʱͻȻͷǾþûκα仯Ĵڷű仯
˫۾Ͷ󷨵ŷ
һԨ˵󷨣ֻԨ˲ܹǵÿ˵ǿдĻΨһĺҲ˲仯Ϊɻҡ
ˣ
ŷһζֻһ˳
˭Ҳû뵽ľȻһˣе˶סˡ
ղŻڼȵʧΪҲ޷ųȥͻȻֵľȻһʱÿһ˵˫ж͸һϢ
׿ٻȻ֪еǴһɢ˽
֪Щֻ֮Լ뷨ԷĴʹѾŪãһǴԨ˵ڸûʱȥ룬˰ѼԼƺõɻȥ֮⣬ͽ뵽С
ˣ
ȻվƬսڵ˳ȥ
ˣˣ
е˸һЩϣһ˫˫ĿͶϡ
֪ڴҵǰѾתˡ
ţôҪߴңһʱ⴦Ӫǵþˣ
˵仰е˶˷
þˣ
þˣ
붼ڳˣЩ˾Ȼֱ¡
ٵ֣Ҷһ֮ģͻȻ˸ǵþ˵ʱֲŸҲ
һ֧ӵģ˶پӣ
ڴһʱǱĿŵĽ۾ڷ飬ͬһΰĸо
ϾһȻмһ˽Լ˵һʲô
Ԩ˵֪ٵģ⴦Ӫô״ƣĽǧ˶Ԩ˵ľ벻ôɾǡ
һۣûдĻǴҪ˵ڶ䣬ǾǶԵûԮƬȻԨ˰Χţǲȫ

˷ŵһӾҵϳһɻı飬Ļ˵һִϲ󱯵ĸо
⻰Ҳͬɫ䡣
վʱҶЩˣȻôģôԱġ
͸
ûһܹ͸վˡ
ţŽǧԨӣҿԴǵӵǵҲСӣҪǵİ
ⶼʲô˰
˵ܹҶԷӵľӣӵľʧȥսʱҸӿˡ
Ԩ˼һʹѼˣʱпдԨӽ룬ԣǾǻ֧ԨҲȫǻǵĴ󣡡
ĽҾ͸оһ־޴ΣϮǴԨ˴ӴʹĻĻᶼûˡ
ұ뷨ѰȥԨĴʹ󣬲ԨнǧһڵĽûɱ𵤸֣ԣ뵽ǣӵʿǷ˳ȥǽԽǧȫװԨˣΨһĻᣬҲǿɱ֣ϣܹһ
˵ĻʱһĴгǴѯʡ
ս
һ˴ǵվ
ս
ԽԽľҲս
˵ʲô·ʵһΨһѣкξ£
ܰǷųȥ
һ϶һֱ۲ŵˣԸܵ˴ɢš
ܣ
Щǽʿ˵һˡ
ӵվô
ȻΪߣǣȴǰһܹԼˡ
֮Խһ󷨣ɢ㡣һɢ㻻һָֻ㣬һյʱָ⴦ӪѻƣǵʱֻҪﲹװ֮󣬾ܹӵս
һľ˾վţ֪ԼǷлĻ˵ˡ
ʱڴҵһĶˣÿһ˫۾סͼվ˼¡
һľˣִԨ˼һ޴Ĵʹ󣬾Ӫ棬ƻ⴫һͻԽԽԨ˵˵ˣǱܱһȺˣֻдһ湦ǲܹüع飬˶ԷĴ󣬻ԨΨһĻᣡ
˵⻰Ҿ͸оеɢʧ֮ľһζ
û˵֪һսͽҪľǾĻָԼΪ
ĿȻסʵһ֧ӵģ
̾һѷ˼䣬Լ£ұɢʱǶӷ²ĻӦþ͵
潫˽´ӵһսʿ
ʱûеشһӳľڳԾؿ˿֮Ȼɻ󣬻ǽ˱档
ʱҲһۿǸԼĴӳ˽ФǿһڵطˣƽʱԼҲֳһֹա
ФǿװʶͶФǿҲһ˹ȥФӳʱܽǻȻָɣ
ͬһ֧ӵģ
ֵﾹȻͬһӵʱٴη
Ц֮Ҳ࣬ԭԼӵˣͲ̫ʧˡ
˴εһ󹦣
˵⻰ȥ
˶Ϣţȫǳɱ


13 
𽫾ʾӪҴȥѶӪ
Ѿȫָһվȭ˵һ䡣
ĿͶϣ΢΢һͷͬһлˣ
ȴҵ飬ǸжģðΣյһӾôˣȻڻ֪ջʲôĽǰ;ˡ
Ҳûתȥ

ΪһЩҲվ
ÿһٲԭֱ˵ӣȫٴγǿϢ
ǻָˣ
ÿһ˵жŨŨս⣬ζԴ˵ȫǴӵ߳һĸо
סǵȵģ
мѣףǷ̫ˡ
ĩף
Ѿεļ
ڴΣյʱðն˴ҵֶ¾̫ˣôҶ֪Ӧȥ
һĽʿӵվܿ죬ǽʿվǰ
ֵǣסǵĳ裬ҪѪ
ÿһ˵ĶС
Ԩ˾棬ô죿
ʱϳһɽǿƣٴγ֡
ս
ս
ս
ȫǱĽʿܹˣ˸һսϣû˲Ѫڡ

һǰ˼ȫɢǿɱȾͳ˴
ɱ
˴֮ٴκеϢĽʿϴӪɱ
׿ٻȻѰǶŮмһЩ˽Ͳȥˣʧȥͳ˧ӪһӾͱ
һ˶ҵ֧Ѿ³ɾ
ɱЩʶƵǳŶӪҲɱ˹ȥ
ӪڵĴӪˣҲڵӪһؼ
ȥֱҪĽ
ٴλױĸֱ࣬Ӿͽ˴Ӫ
ͻȻӪЩ˶Щ⡣
Ҷһ档
ûһᣬһڵĸ־ͱ˽
ôˣʲôö
ڵһţһѯ
ոսʣһһȭֵĺ
ʱ׿ٻȻҲһ˵ĲϣֱӾͰ˴ڵء
ǰʵʩ˿ơ
ʱӪսļϵ´
ɫһ䣬֪ԼûϽ࣬ɱҪķʽһĿѾˡ
ô죿
Ԩ˵ϤȻʩչȴҲЩ벻취һ
ˣֵĴӳвΪɽһ£ֻҪɵӪˣǿԳûɱһЩˣĴң
һֱ׿ٻȻȻһ⡣
֪ЩƵ˳ҳԼ֮⣬ӵʶ׿ٻȻ죡
˵ţǻȥ־ѣ׿ٻȻȥǲԼһЩһԡ
ֻ׿ٻȻ˺ܿо֮󣬺ܿ죬Ǵд˾
ϣ
һ⾪Ҳٹʲôż˾ͽǴʡ
׺֮ˣǴ󵶲ͣĻӶ
ǳ˴ʱһۿȥͼֵı׿ٻȻסٿڱԼסʱ˿͵Ϯ֮ʱܵˣѾûϢ
ʱܽûʱȥѯٶԲʵʩ˿ơ
Щ󣬾ͼһĽ˹
ɱ
ѾûʱȥƵ飬˾ͳЩԨ½ǳ˹ȥ
ܵ˿ƵĶӪǱһߴɱһߴ
ɱ棡
ɱ棡
һɱһߴ󺰣ŪĶӪ˲һƬҡ
ȫ׵׷ʲô顣
ĶӪҲҲǲͣĽ׷ɱ
ҵĴУܵԼƵĸ֮УֻҪһԷĸ֣һʱͻȥʵʩơ
˳ԾˣƵĸԽ࣬ҾȻҲһЩɢͳľٴη˱仯ⷽܿȫ˾ơ
Ϊ˸ǷֵһЩѹкһ֮Ԩ¾Ȼ˶ӪűӪͳ˹ȥ
ܿ죬·
Ӫ˸ûŪͱǵľӶס
ǶӪĽǴš桱Ŀں£µʿΨһܹľ׽Ե˺ɱ
ƬԨ˵ľӪȫˣս𣬵Ǻɱ
ɱȺУȫԨˣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôˣֻһԨ˵ӡ
ûװǰһԨ˵Ľ졣
ÿһ˶ɱˣȫ֪ԼڸʲôֻƴĿɱֻܹסԼһ
ӪǽʱȫŪǶӪĽš
ǣ£˭ҲȥܶԷʲôͷֻǿɱ
ǱӪִӳȥмܵƵĸҲǱӪĴӳȥ
һҵĿɱ֮ǱӪĴӳտȫŪ֮£ֻڵء
ǰڼֵѹ£ٴܵĿơ
ʱ͸е춯صĺֻ𵤸ǳ𣬾ӪϿչ˹
ǿĴ֫䣬
Ԩ˵Ľ𵤽ŭӣƴӴ󴸿ҡ
ʱͬҲһǴ֮еӣޱȣӭŶԷ˹ȥеһ˳ǹǹǹâҫ
棡
һԨٴγ˹ȥһӾоеľӻսһ
Ԩ˵ʿʱȫŪ׵׷ʲô飬ΨһܹľԼĽָӡ
ȫԼһʱȻѯһ£ǣûеѯʣ˾ͻһŴͷڴɱ
ûʱѯʣΨһľս
ԽԽ˵˵ϣԨӲŽǧˣоӪУоӪһǧ֮⣬ĸӪҲÿһңӪһʱͱˣӪ˵͵ϮºܿɢʾӪӪҲˣľӱҪӪоʵԨһӾսһ
ȻԨһǧǾ֮ǣȴǽʿѹԵһսչ
սʱӪһԨҲˣþ֣ľֳչ˹һӴþ̫ˣԨȫ
֪ͨҺ󷽾ӳԮ
ǽڵԨһ֮£
ڳɱ⻰һ׿ٻȻʹߣ
żܵƵ˾ͳӪ˹ȥ
Ӫ
Ҳ֪̬ΣˣöԷľӹˣ̫ˡ
һʱ֮䣬ľӶӪ˹ȥ


14 ΪŶս
ײ
ıӪһƬҡ
Ѫˮأ֫˲ȵ졣
˵һ̱÷ǳĴ
һӪȥ
ǧ˽ʿͬӪȥ
УԨ˵ĽºŭӣͷڴɢȥͷһĶǶɢ˹ԣ˲ͣĹš
ԨͬӪȥ
ӪŴʹĵطһʱ֮ͳ˴Ľ㣬˴ҵһ㡣
Ϊս
˫˶֪ܷõӪǴһϣڡ
ɱ
ɱ
˫ͬڸߺš
ӣѪˮὦһ˵ƬӪС
ʱѾ֪ɱ˶ٸԨˣȫȥ飬ֻһ飬Ǿǻӵӵ
Ҳ֪ж˵ȥӪѾˡ
ʱںŵķºٴηһ֮˶Ȼ䲦һ͸ߴԸߴ
ȼܴ󷨣
ɫһ䣬ʧ˵
ȼܴ󷨣
֪ͬɫ䡣
ʱҲʶֹ֪оһ
Ԩ˶еһֹչֹ֮˵ᴦһַڵĽ׶Σķ֮УᲦһֹͬʱ˵ΪҲͬһ
ִʱƣһʱޱȣһʱ֮ᴦڼ״̬ĻʩչĹ˵ǷºѴ־
ºͬΪҲƾңڶԷĹܲɫ
ҽҪе˶
ºսϵȫѹȥ
»ǿͬһը㣬ǹĵطһӣղŻļʿһȭûһƬѪꡣ
Ҹƴˣ
ʱֳһȻ֮飬һѪ˳ȫһ󳴶Ƶ죬Ȼû̫ı仯ǣϴľȻһֲڶԷơ

ʧС
ʱȻʹñվ
ʱͬͬȼ˻ȼͬһŻ档
湦
ǷºҲ޷ˣͬһ֮ģҪͬھ
֮»뷨ڿڹؼʱһսʱȻˣҲ˾⡣
ڽ
߿գ˴ҵĶС
һž޴Ļȼգ洫˳
ľǾڸͳ˧ΪҾӳ
˵⻰ڼеս˿Цܱһеĳ裬͵Ѫ
Ʈɣսԣ
ɱ
޺𷢳֮Ƿºͳȥ
ȫֲļսˣȫ˵
ƿ֮
ûֹ֪ͣĴ־ΪҵסԨĽ
Ϊһαܶ˵һ۵㣬Ѵ־ڿ˷ºִ򷨣һӰе׺֮ҲչºõȫǲĹ
ǿдú䶯ķ
Ӫ
һӪɱ˽ȥ
׿ٻȻʱȫǽʱͬûһŮһѴҲ÷겻µԨ˲ɱ١
ЩŮѾûʣ¼ˣǵҵսϡ
˱ƵԨ֮⣬ЩͬԨеıɱˣٲҲͶ˷ºһ
ǾһľԶԨսȫռơ
ǸոճӪʱֻǴͻȻ߲ʵĹâҫ
޴ޱȵʱ
ã
֪ȫʧɫˡ
󷨵ֻһͣǾǶԨѾͨˡ
ԴԨɴУһ֧ԨӾͽʤ־ͽȫı䡣
ºսø˶޷ٹ顣
Ԩ˵ػڿΣͼֹǵĹ
󣡡
ǸʱһִһʾͳЩԨ˳˹ȥ
˫ٴ˺ɱһ
ڲǴҫԽԽһԨۿžͽ
һѪսеǣ֪ڸѾûʱˡ
ô죿
Ҫʱ䣬ǣԷĴѾûʱˡ
ִ󲢲һĴ֮Ҫ󶼷ǳѡ
ǾȻռϵƣǣǱϾڹѺбĥܶļ󣬷ЩԨ˵ľӣһǾ֮һ̴ȻռƣٵһԨͽɱ⡣
ҲžӷسǴڵĵط
ʱѳ˴ҵ㣬˭֪ǵطҪԨ֯һδεĵֿʱսһ𣬴ѷѽ⡣
ûʱˣ
ǴȥʱľǴҫ۵Ĺâҫ
뵽ܵе뵽ŷǰΪ˱ԼѾ޷ˡ

һ뷨Ժ֪ԸĴΨһľһĳ
׿ٻȻ˶˹ȥ
һ·Ѫ꣬ͬһӽѪսӣͬ⵶ǳԨ˵ķ
ڴҲʱʱѾվǴƽ̨档
Ҫʲô
򶷵˫ԾؿǼˡ
󷨣
׿ٻȻ˴һ

Ĵе˶ˡ
СӭǶӵԨ˶ȥ
뵽һ취ײǱߵ˲ҪǺãԼɴӭȥͨײһʱĴͻʱõĻᴫ͵ĵطõĻ˾ͽͨлޡ
׿ٻȻȻ˵ʲôȴǲûжԣЩ˵ھĵ£Ψһ뷨ִС
Ƕôзʽˣװ˴ʯ׿ٻȻ˵ļ֮£ƽ̨ͬɢ˵߲ʵĹâ
ʱսѾβԨ˿֮󣬸ղŻ߰Ķ־˲ȴʿ硣
дĺ֮ǷºȻǿͬھ
ӭΣնϣֵ˵͸һָж֮顣

ʱڴҵĿǲͣĲߡ
һ֮һ޴Ĺʧڴҵǰ
սѾƽϢʱɢһָҫ۵Ĺâ֮ͻȻ䰵ȥ
˽ʿʱһıʹС
ǸǴԨо˳˾ȻٴΪʧˡ
뵽Ϊ˴ҷƴɱǵҲ޷˵
񣡡
ִһ
е˶ַĿڣߵˡ


15 Ϣ
һɹ߹ɵͨǰ죬оԼȫһɴЮͨȥ
׿ٻȻȼܵƵˣͬҲâ֮дС
ʹܹ֮;ӣؼľ޽ףͬʱÿһεĴҪĵǾٹ֮ɲܹеġ
Ԩ˰н͵ĴҲкóʱ䣬˴ʯҲδһɨա
ʯ£ǿնƿеĺһ߸ͳִܲеļѹ
Ԩ֮ľԶ֮Żһ͵Ĵ
˲ʱ֪ԼױʲôطֻǸоԼȫš
һ֮·
֪Լ飬ԼѪ֮ȥӲЩԨˡ
ƶԸܵǰһļµĸо
ͬзнеķɻнеһײ
ȫȫ֪ؼʱͽˡ
Աһ֪һײУԼܷͿˡ
ոհתһɴײ˹
ɴ˲䣬ͷԼΪͲ
ͨڱâɢҡ
ǿѹǵض
Ϊ͵Ԩ˲ʧӰˡ
͸ž壬ǽ׿ٻȻҲԶȥ
һۿȥ׿ٻȻһɫâĻ֣оҲһЩֶΡ
Ҳұ֤׿ٻȻܹ
˵ʱˣԼͬҲǴΣ֮У
ˣ
֪ǴѾˡ
Ŵı˶ﱻ׳
Դ棬ǿѹԽԽ󣬳֮⣬û뵽ԼϷʱȻҲٵ
żѹĵܾٴչ
ֹͷ֮£Ǽѹٵɡ
ǳֵһ˵ǺǿĻԶ͸ӵ룬Ҿֱӱա
ǿ֮¿Уһɣܿ죬ͷԼȻ뵽㣬һǰƽ
ûбݣûκε
ȫ޴ۣ޴һ˺Ѱĸо
ʱ·ʱᱻ˺ѵûɷɻҡ
ԣ
Ծ͸ܵʱֵͲһЩܹԼȫյԴ
ְ
ʱֻǲ²⣬޷ֹһеı仯
ܾϷûĿй
һָоϷʱֲȫʧˣϷֵµȻһ˷ܸһ㡣
ѨڲͣǱԴȫҲڲͣĽչ
չ
չ
չ
Դһܽķʽڡ
ܾϷûĬֹϣϷתԼҪܾȴһ߻żѹ壬һ߲ͣ
ɣ
ת
ѭڽС
ΪʱҲ޵ǰƽš
תˣ
ʱٴγԾĻǼת
ڴԴ뵽֮󣬼תĶͻȻչһ޷ٶƽΪ
ˣ
˲ʱ䣬Լ⹦Ǽķﵽ˼
ûκεıݣǼĹʱԴͻȻ뵽ǹƶУһ֮طתѾת
ʱȫ˱Դ
תתʱûͷĸоһ紦еĳС
תûʱͬѾɡ
תɣ
ܹɣ˵һľϲˣԸоóԼ岿λֳ
ʱҲûʱȥЩ飬ȫ֪ᷢʲô顣
崦һǳصĳ棬Ūﵽʲôĵط
ǰڷٶȥ
ܾʱתͬıԴŸעš
ʱһ־޴ıը˳һը֮ǱԴӵҳ֡
ϷڲͣǰУıԴӿ˵ӿȥ
䡭
Ժһδεػ͸оԼԺз·ôڲͣһ
ˡ
һԺдǱû˹ȥ

ǧĽʿǾվڴǰղŵһĻԶǵ

һԭ֣עҪâ䡣
棡Ѿֹͣ˴ͣ
棡ԨѾȫ𣡡
棡Ҿоˡ
һľ˿ǲֵǰű档
һԲĽ죬ǽ𵤲Ҳֻһ֮ң
ȫȫǽѪȴȫ˲ȥϢ֪Ϊ˴ȡʱ䣬ҪľǰĴʹ󳹵ƻ
ǣƻ˴ܹ
ҵжһ֮룬ϣʿܹȫ
ѾĴ󣬳һ֮󣬲ֻܷ˲
𣡡
ʱһȴǲľ˲ֵ°
ִеĽʿٴοǴ
һߵ˴ǰһ
жĳ֣һľ˶ǰϣһΪԼĸж֮顣
ұ棬ȴǰԼٴյԼеÿһ˵жӿһָж֮飬Ҫճ֣˭ܹȷԨﻹܹţ
ͳ˧ϵûУ
Ѿϵˣͳ˧֪Ƕȡ⴦طǳˣͳ˧һһ
Ƿֵ¶ЦݣֵǣҾԨľսΪǶȡؼҪأжԨĺԮҾʤҾչԨҪˣ

Ҳ׹εսش󣬾ȻӰ쵽ս֡
󣡡ٴ´
ǧ˵жУǴ͵Ĵѱ

ʱǾͳ˧Ҳңյ˲Ƿı֮ͳ˧һֲŵĸоԨ˵ļսڹؼʱǾʱڱ뵽һԨͽǴ͵Ĵʱͳ˧ڰƶų˵·ߡ
μѴΣĹͷˣ˭Ҳû뵽ֹܹ˴Ԩӵĵ
ת۰
ȫһ޴תۡ
ȷ֮ͳ˧һԭǱգȫԾ

ôİʱȴô⣬Ҷѯճֵ˵ʲôͷ
ƾһ֮ӲŤתս֡
Ҫ˵Ӱ죬սֶܵµӰ졣
ԨĽ֮ⷽľӾܹ뵽սǸʱķͽչ
˲Ű
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ǶôΰΪ
׷Ϊ
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16 Ϊ
۾ĴȥʱԼĵطȫһڰ֮أ䡢ʪϮ
ƶһʱоԼ±Ӳ
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·֪ʲôĵԨץס˶˵ַⲻġ
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ΪԼȥȫû뵽Ȼ

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Ƥʱžžĸ졣
ԱŵǸʱŵȫڷˣȫû뵽Ȼ£ЩԨ˲࣬ҲѲƤˡ
Լܵǣˣ
˵з಻ѡ


17 ȥ
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ȫɫѷס
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һӾͳӵϣһ֮ǾŲͣҡ
ĿѺһӾе涼ڿ־ؿǵӡ
ˣ
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ǿ̫˿Աĺÿһ˶üҡ
ʱԨ˴ߵǵķſڡ
˵Ŀɭɭؿ棬һ˴һԭСӣʰ㣬Ϊϵĵط
˵䣬ͳԿ׾Ҫ򿪷š
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һȭĵطתǻ⡣
֪ԼˣȫǲĴ򶷣ÿһнӴʱԼȥӲԷĹͬʱڶԷĹУĴ󵶶ڶԷϡ


18 ҵս
ֲҪĴ򷨶ʱ˵ɱ춯أÿһ˶Ҫȥ
Ǽʮ˷ӡ˸ǳǰ棬ÿһ˵Ѫˮɽ
ɱԨˣ
׳ŶദˣȴִһĴ󴸣Ԩ˿Ҳѡ
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磬㿴ڰɱԨˣ
Ļһֱڷ棬ȥǳСˣ˾סһǸˣʱһԭųӣѪһ֪˭Ķҧ
ѪȽһļ˵ƣһԨ˺ҧţƴš
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ĴֱӾͿ˶Էĳ档
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֪Ҳ޷æһ֮󣬽Ŷ飬ɽбжȥ
һҵĶȥˣվϢ֪һյսֽС


19 ħ
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ûκεĻУȫһʯкֱ죬֫Ǿ޴ʯһб鲼ڵء

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뵽Լʩչ˷Ԩ˶ӶȡʱʱǸ˵ġ
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ԼǵжĻǾʹ͵һ;ĵطܵû뵽СӻҪô϶Լһһ߶߲ˡ


21 ־Ľ
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ʶٴνǽָ棬ͬˣͣļǺ壬һС˿ڵİ̺ҲñԼ˳
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⵽һһõĽڣ


22 س
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23 Ʒ
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Щ⣬ԼϾˣϷԼ̹ˡ
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Ҷߣڶһ£ŵסЩ޺𶯡
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ûǺƣ֪ԽƷߵƤƳɵķԽǴ޹ԣҲ֪Ӧòû̫ǿޣǣƤӦûҵõġ
˺һ֮ڿһרųƤëĵ̡
ӵҲܴƷߵƤ
͹٣ΪǽһЩƤ
һŮӭ˹
ЦЦУһĸҽܣþʲôر
ǶЩˣİЩر˭֪Ƥû̫ĹãһЩʦⶫһЩ߶ѣû̫ãһЩŮ˵һЩΣǣһӸ磬оⶫʲô
ƤƤصŴɴ̣ŭ֮ȫķɴ̼֣Ų˶Ҫж޾ȣ
ƣƤ¡
Ƥ޵Ƥڹʱ˲ȥΣֶʤ
ܺã£
ƤǿܵƤҶ֪;Ƿ᲼һ֮ܣ
ܺãˣ

ֻҪĳһʲôʱԺ˵һˣƵһ󷢴ǽŮӿһĽ֮飬ҪͶͱˣܵҲԽˡ
үôƤҪӻҪˣ
ӣ̲ס
ֻǶЩ޺ѣȥһоһ¡
⻰еһ


24 Ʒ
ĸ֣
ո߳гоʹ
ƤѿŲˣ
岼˹ʮˣ
Ƥ˵սֱ׷岼˹
岼˹ֶ̫Σѹƿˣ


˳ŴָķͿһһķС
·ҪôҿԱǷеòǺܿ졣
һ޴ƽ̨ɽʯٲ֦ͷ˺еš
˶ʣҲ˧ˣķϣ˿ȥ͸ӵ̾
һһЩŮ˷˼С
ɣЩ
װƵľøߣ
﷢ʱоҵ
ҳӳε׻˭ʤأ
ûУ˾Ҽسǵߴһǿߣ𵤵ĸ֣ǲμӣʤ
ҲһӳɳͬҲ߸𵤵ǿߣң˵ǵǳ
Ҳˣ

ŴҵֳۣĪζ
ĲԱǿ˵
ɲǣһ϶¹һ˲Ų٣ڵǿߺܶࡣ
˵£ҲһԺС
˵䣬ֻǷзǻųĶȥ
ˣ
ŴҵľһۿȥʱֻһС¥
ͬķУе˶ܹǶС¥ǰԺ渧ٵһŮ
һŮм丧٣Ůһȼ裬һ֮Ļʤ
ȲҪ˵ŮһۿȥǷ𺶡
һͬ͵ķһŻ԰С¥С¥ƯͲ˵ˣǻ԰˸ֵ黨ɽʯľ¥СϪһжô鶯
ķ
ķʱҲ˸ʶ
ٿǶŵŮʱҲ޲ѣŮĺһֿ֮
ŮӾŮȴȫŮ˵
˵˫ָȴΡ
Ůӣ¶ЦݣһװƵŮӡ
òЩװƵˣȻó۲ѡ
С¥ķĵشҲǻȥ

ֶƳĴ෨Ҳ˸пҲֻЩ֮ܣǮ˲ķҲһûжս
װƱرĹ߰
߰ɣ
ļ˶ϳ˷ʱЩ
үĵλֻҪȥ˵һ϶Ҫġ˵
ҡҡͷҸоͻ֮ҵΪҪ̣ɣͣ죬Ҫչ˭Ҳҡ
˵䣬»صס
˷ͱѰ˼
˵ǰһǿԱȻΪȴҲһ˼Լ׸Щʲôأ
ղҲˣ˹ȻΪܸˣ˵һбȽǿһȺԼΪǲӲĻͲǵĶ֣ʱˮ㣬ѶȾͲһĴˡ
ʵӵųǿʶǷһЩûзֵ飬ǰ˧绹С¥涼ŽڵĸűԼȥԸ𵤸֣ѶȾ̫ˡ
úúõһ°
ʱһ뷨ˣԼȻҪĹϵһЩ鷳ǾҪǿƵĳԼһֱԼݵǷǳģǷܹ˵ĺŪأ
ݡ״򷨣
һµ뷨Ѿ֡
Ԩ˵ľȥҲ˾ϣҪȥѹڲƻãܹԼԨĹͣ˵һ⣬ԱԨ帹ظЩ飬ӶۼԨ˵ģþǰǵһЩְвϸɵ
ΪһһЩУ
֪ԼȻҪûһЩĶǲеģʹƤ⡣
̽ǴǽָóһƤ
ŴԵƤҪľһܹѷֽ
ڿƷô֪֮ԼĻˣֻҪԼƤֽܹͬеƳ϶ͻԼ޴ĺôսܹõ
ۣ
ûƤֱӾûơ
˫ֵ־չǿһӾͰźܴƤ
ǻȼգڻٶȴǷǳĿ١
Щë֮ȫȥ
ƤĹ۲пٵĻҺ塣
Ȼǿеģ
ţƤɢ˴޵Ϣ
ĻϢȫ˰ЩϢû
һƤʱؼĵطǲܹ޵ϢʧһʱѽİգԼϷʱԵúɣ޵ϢͰ棬ǲͣ뵽ЩҺ档
һʱӣһŵƤɡ
Σ
ʼ˵ڶҪҺܳΪֽŵӡ
̾ͿʶˣҪЩ޵ϢֵĽںϣҪÿһֵƤӵ޵ϢƷһؼֻÿһŷֽŻӵͬ
أ
ǰŵƤֽسСš
ɣǿȥûôƤʱǱ˰ɫһֽˡ
ˣ
ŶԼǰļƤֽ˫۷ʶдĶ̫ˣûзֽãһƤֽԶԶһֽʵķֽǿ̫ˣϰŵӦö뵽ˡ
ЩƤֽ뵽˽ָУϢһԼȫﵽ״̬֮󣬿ʼһε
֧˳оǷʵһֻҪ߶֮󣬾ܹñӵһ΢Ӱıʡ
űһעͷԼʶĳֽܵϵֻҪӵ֧ʣԼʶƤֽϽĲܹ
һƷûʲô飬뵽ԼƤֽܶ࣬Ͳͣưɡ
ʱһȥʼʱʧΡ
ʧܵĴʱȾ͸
һ΢͵ҪʶУһǳɣ;ܹκεĶѣңڿд֮󣬻ҪٴεڻȻԼд֮Ķ뵽Ƿֽȥ
ˣ
һεʧ֮Ʒļܣһ˳
ֻʶܹ̽д󷨵Ƥ¶ЦݣװԼǰѷˡ


25 

УǰƳķ˳ȥ
ʶȫԵĹ
ֻǼķ˲ǳĿ˹ȥ
ʶˣ޷ۿǵ
䡭
ǿıըǷһĿûޡ
ˣ
ţ¶˷֮顣
ӴǴڵģҲǷǳģ
֪ԼƷѾûˡ
Ƴǵ֮ҵרΪ鹥ĵطÿһĳ顣
Ӷ棬ǿԼƷ
ԼƵĵһ
ڻȥ·ϣȻԵú˷ܣ˴ķԼһһЩֶξܹʩչˡ
ŸԼĺƺŮ˿ʱһÿǼҲˣʱԼǾͶһЩˣ
ںƵˣзǳףǶԼӵܵݣԼݰ¶ԼӵĿȾǡ
үμӵӡ
֪ˣ
ڴһȴǳ˼š
ĳ϶Ҳ֪Լ飬ԼĿĲһϹϵ
ÿŮūӦòκε⣬ֻǿƺƾЩѶˣһصˣļԱֺƱ˻ʲô뷨أ
ˣԨ˶˲ӣҲһˣ˾Ϳˣ
ͻȻͨˣԼǿ˺Ҳʲô˵顣
Ʋһ˶ѣоǿԼҲ̫뷨ֻҪ϶Լĺ˾ˡ
ȥɣ
֮ͨͻصס
ԼĿϤһ֮󣬰һƴ˺ƣȻԺƾʵʩ˿
Ȼˣû뵽Ը˵ĺʧȥκεĵֿǱˡ
ֶŮūҲʵʩ˿ơ
Щ飬վԼǰȻû̫ı仯ǣҳ֮ĸˣԵͷ
ԼʩչĿûиıǵκʶֻǽһǶԼҳʶڿʼǾԲй¶Լκˡ
һ㣬ԼתͱøӷˣԺ󲻽ҪúݣҪʵݡ
˳ȥ֮ٴγ뵽ƷС
ûмƷǰеƤơ
ʱУЩõƤƳһƤֽ
Ȼʱ䣬ÿһƤһЩ
ԵƤűĶѷ˽ָУЩƤ֪Լս˾޴
Ůūķ£ԡ֮һɷ˳ȥ
ƣʲôرϢ
үʱ䣬﷢飬嶼ɳһеǿߵ˫ĿĺȷҪһ
˶ˣ
˵ˣǵ֣˵ǰμӵĻһЩ֡
ֵĵط
ˣ˵ڱչزŻȥġ
Ʒôˣ
ĵĻ˳Ϊū͵顣
һʵ£ǺƾԵ˷ܵүθˣ˵γһ飬ƻˣ߲ŭˣ֮һ˵ж˶Ҫūͣس׼һնɱж
ʲô
ԾؿǺơ
Ʋûп֮飬Ȼܵ˿ƣʶԨ˵ʶǴŵģ˷ܵسѳǧˣŮĽΪƷʤΪŮū֮⣬ӽڹ㳡ϵȫնɱ
ʱѾ޷ˣ뵽ԨΣգȴҲû뵽Σճʱܱնɱ
ܹ·
ô죿
֪»ˣԼȻ֪£һǾͲԼԸˡ
ƣȥһ£Ҫ뿪һ󣬶˵Ȼڱչأ
үġһᰲŵġ
˺Ƶϣû̫ѹǰһͻȥˣȻһƧĵطͻָӡ
ھҪԼʵһԨ˵ϳˣ
һһֵĵطȥ
ֽһ軰ᣬȥһ°
ɲǣ軰ϣݣ㲻֪

Լĵص㣬νĲ軰ĵص㡣
ȥһյ̨
ƣ顭
һڿУԣɶѵ˵Цţճһֶص⾳
һ߲٣ֻҪܹնϣǿнн
ǵһʢᡣ
һЩװƵˣ
͸Щһۡ
һǿԦնȥ
Ŀȷסľ˲ˡ
˲ǵǵĽǰ
ǵĽǰ֮ʱһѹԵƤ˾Ϳټ
ڼƤ֮ȫ¶˳

һУչռ䲻ͣԦնС

ұ֡
ÿһα֣еһƤǿŵһЩˡ
ƽ޲Ƥ֮˲

⽣Ӱ
ڲͣ𶯣ڣ˪鲼
Щ޴ŵĸһƤȫ˳
ˣ
Ĳ軰ֳȫˡ
һķзӿ׹䣬һڹл˻ҽ
·ŵȫŴ͡
ʲôһ£
ûܹŪһֲͣص

˴ˣ
ڴŪʱٴδ
ڴ˶ڷģسնɱһˣҾնɱʮǵӵܣʳԣ
˵⻰һѵƤȻһԼһʧˡ
Ӱ٣ȥÿޱȡ
ʧˣ
뿪ˣ軰ֳȴһƬҡ
ͻȻĴ˭û뵽飬Ҹû뵽һ˾Ȼܵ¡
һǿʶɨ˹
֮ǳ˼𵤲ĸ֣Ųٵ֡
˱صľʱÿһĸֶɫѿ

Ҷˡ

Ǽسǵĳɫһ䣬ˣ˵Ǵƻġ
û뵽Ȼܵسˣ
ѣ
س
棬Щβ軰ΪܵͻȻϮ˶ʮˣдˡ
µı棬سɫѿ
Ƿģ
ӳǵһ𵤸ڲ쿴֮ɫͬء

Ƕˡ
Ҷ֪һ飬ǾƷߵȼļܣ˭ܹѧᣬӽ¿ԿǸƷģϲȱ
˸ͲʧĶʯ
һ𵤸죬òп


26 ݷó
նɱǵ飿
뵽ݣһ𵤸ֿ³һ䡣
ն
³ȫƸǣȫŭ
ɣ
ɰ
⻰üسǵֶͬʱ˳һɫѴ䡣
ߣ
³õĿɱ˰סЩˡ
һʦүƵ̾һεĴԷŴķܹץסɱǵ˻˺ȫɱʱһѰ
ȷδµ˶ѲĶ֣ͻȻϮ֮£ܶ˵ġ
Щֹ˲ͣͷ
سһֱһսĵطİ˶ϣսȼ
³Щ˿ֿϾͺѿˡ
³̫ҵ뷨ˣɱˣ˻ڼسɱһͨ
Ҳ⣬СͣͻȻκ˵ǰʱֹ˵ġ
ȫѲ飬ҪŹһ֮ˣֻҪṩ͸ؽ
˵ɱһˣҪһ˶ҪܵԷԵĴ
ϣسǶЩơ
ʱļسĴֱ鲼

ƣ£ǵȥݷó
һֺЧֶΣ͵Ϯ֮󣬳ŶԷûзӦĻصסָ˺Ӻ󣬾ʹԺȥ³á
һطеķ棬棬Ůūվ󣬺ԱߣĸУֱȥ
Ůū֮һһǻŮ˼ķʱٿĴȫǸʽطз֪ķзѱ鼰ˡ
ҵзԵα˵ľ͸ߵ̫ˣ󷨻֣ϼڣһְѴ棬ܹˣȴǸ޷棬ʶҲ޷롣
سǷǳ󣬸Ͳǵϵֳеӣһ·ڳе˲ͬǳжָֽˮ·⼫سǾȫͬׯ԰ǻ԰ֵ
ȻǼƷķ
سǺܴ󣬾ķǹһʱŵ˳
һȥͥԺߴޱȣĳҲǱڸ档
ƣâɡ
һȥǡһӵźǿɱƷ
ȫţ˭˲ͻᴥĸִ
һԼӦҲЩУ
Լ֪ʶǷȱ
лЩصģԨԽǿˣ嵽ûأ
ֽ壬ȫȥΣգԼЩУ
ͨһϹܼӭ˳һүү
³õĿȫ¿ֿ
ոջص˳³ǳãͻȻô飬һľĸо
ɳһЩܵسҵĻͻһƬңԼҲȥˡ
Ԩǰúң³ȴףֿ˵Ǿĸֲ̫ࡣ
ݼˡ
ȭһ
Ԫ˧ðɣסԺģ
ѯʣоһԾ̽Լĵˣ³õλô֪ܲԼסʲôطһ壬Ҫ̽ԼǷǺҵˡ
³á
ЦЦסڶԺԺǼصأһ˲ý롣
³þЦЦˣ䲻ˡ
æҴˡ
˵
ָָһΣ¡
ֻЩǮƵ˼Ҳܹӵеΰ
֪ǴȪеõľ޴ʯɵӣ˾ǲҲܹͣĲһܺõĶ
³òͣѯһЩҵ飬ҲŻش
ͨһһķʽ³ŵɫҲóĺӵܡ
Լؾǵ³õңҸЩɣ
뵽ԷҲżӵ˼΢Цġ
˵ŻмĽ𵤸ֵˣ³ýݡ
ǺҵӵܣҵɫһҲ
ˣ
һǹɫǴ˵
ʲô飿
˴˶ʮˣˣرмǳӵܣǵļѶ֮ŭ֮£ɱ˼ˡ
Ŷ
³ɫһ䣬˵ֻҪɱһˣҪʮɱԨ
ȫǽϣ
ɫ³ÿţû˾Щ
һԵɫҲˣ뵽ɱķʽס³ãӶһЩɱ֮û뵽ԼɱôһЩԨ֮ҲͬǼķŭ
֪ԼϻˣԼˣԨ˾ͻΪԼ˵㻰ǧ˿϶ҪնɱԼɱĻԷ϶׼
ô죿
һǰϾˡ
˭Ҳûע⵽仯
һǹٵɱǿ˹Һҡ
³ɳ𵤸ֱַңҵҪн𵤸᲻ȥɱˣ
´һĸȥ
Щ飬³ÿȫǶˣһɳһӾػסӦòΣˡ
л
һ뿪˳³õֳɻ飬һмǡ
ǻɣ
ҡҡͷ³õǻɣڼسǷ飬˭ڼ֮¡
Ӧһ˳ȥ
ʱ³ٷɱ˵飬ӦܹǷҵˡ
³һֱһĺصˣ̸֮ȻҪ
صסԸǵʲôطȥɣ
Ȼţһ˿ʶһֱǳ棬³øµĶԻҲ̽ģ뵽³ôصʱò
˵䣬ͿһһľסĴ
ʿ֮󣬺ܿܽ󷨵Ĳá
үǲϵǾеһַ󷨡
ƵҲһоˣ󷨵Ͷ˵һ䡣
ûȥ棬վ棬ǿʶֱǸ̽
ʶǿʶȫЩԱĴ
ʿһ߲һҲ߶
ʶ㹻ǿҪȻ޷·ߡ
浽Է󷨲֮һ
ʶ֮̽󷨵ĳ뷽ʽ˵Ѿ⡣
ʵʶҲһЩ󷨷֪ʶֻ֪ʶһЩ
ڶһºҲ˽⡣


27 ɱ
һ޴ׯ԰ſڣԨΧ
Ƴȥƣ
˹峤վȫɱڡ
ɱӵܣҾɱˣ㲻ǰɣǺãҾһʱһƣҵҪɱһˣôɱʮ
峤֮
˭ҳͷҿ͸ҳͷô˶ţרĽ𵤸ֵ֧֣Լǿ˹ʱˣ
뵽ɢŹʣȫٴθǡ
ɱ
Щնɱɾ
Ԩ˱˶˵ĳޣһĽš
һͷƵǸ߸ߵļ̨ϣ˵ϳһͿ־塣
Ԩ˴ţһڵƣոӵҡ
ץһˡ
һԨ׳ЦŰһŮ˹
ȫ˳һ£вɫŮˡ

Ԩ˴
˵úãû˸Ǻãҿ˹бɱ
ţһ𵤼ֱĿƵģʶȴȺвͣ̽š
һ֣һɱǸֵľ֣˹ţĿľһӶɱ
߸ߵļ̨ϣ˱˻ƣǻķӡҺС
ǸŮʱȴرԨ˺·һԨϿЦѡ
ѵӣһ˱ùⳡ棬û˲
ˣ
Щ֪֣ΨһĽ־
ǣԾһ壬һҪɱ尡Ǵˣ;Բܳ֡
ԨڿЦţȴһҡ
𣿡
һԨСʵ
Ӧòˣ֪廹ɵ
Ȼ֪ǻҪɱˣ
ߣҪɱˮ𣬲ɱУ
Ƿ£ŻŪôĳ棬Ҫÿ˹
ʱԨͻȻ͸ܵһɻذӿ
һƬŨܵʮֵϿգ󣬾ͼΪģ˷ȫǺɫĹâͬ޴Ĺǽһ㣬˲Ͱǽ𵤸Ϊĵʮǿȫ档
󣡡
ǽ𵤸ɫ˲䣬ҲԣԾն𣬾Ͽߡ
ۼʶȻǵһģһʱ͸ܵΣյĵ붼û롣
ǣӸոԾʱһӲӿȥ
ʲô
վǾͷֻǽ𵤸ɫҳ棬ǣôܣһֱ޷ӳ
Ƿ󣡡
ϳҲǴʧɫ
ɱ󣡡
ԣɱ󰡣
֪˶ˣ˵󷨾Զʱһײ󷨣𵤸ֽ뵽Ҳһ֡
ôܻĴ֣󷨾˵ҪĵķһѣǵöǮư
ڴҾŵʱֻǷйȻĶЩͣɢŶ
ɱ
ҵȺУŮϵԨ׳Ǳһͷ­ǵȥǲѪˮﵽһ֮ߡ
ڴһеʱֻһڵ˿С

վУЩ˻ƵˣıʹЩ˾ȻԨ˲̵ɱˡ
ٿЩڵϣϸҲ̫б仯ǣɱ
ѪծҪѪ
쳹Ƭء
ˣ
ˣ
Ӱ
Ԩ˿𵤸ֶѱ˷Уÿһ˶Żˡ

һѰѰѵƤȺ
ЩղźɱԨˣгɱ֮Ҳû뷨
˲Ƭȫǡ
ɱ
һѰѵƤȺĴҲ˳Ⱥɱ
նɱ
նɱ
նɱ
·ҪеķŭǰѴѾ֪Ӷ˶ٴΡ
һԨ˵ǰ
ԽԽԨΧ˹ȥ
ЩԵƤҲǿơ
ɡڡ桢⡭
˹ǾˣҲŻˣôҲû뵽ӵô޴ķ
峤ʱȫ
뷨ǽֳǿ󣬽ΪǣڷѾʧȥ˷֮Ľ𵤸ʱˣ֪Լһ£ļ嶼ϽĽ֡
Ҹƴˣ
ų˹ȥ
ǿ˹峤뵽Լ˾ȻǲʱǸŨҵɱ
һӵǿͳ˹ȥ
ɱ
ɱ
ǷˣҪƴ
жѻ̫ŭҪնɱԷ
ͬʱڴ
˹һ׼𵤵ĸ֣Ϊ׼𵤵ĸ֣ԲǵҪ顣
˵ıǿвͣӲ
޴ײܵը÷˳ȥ
˵Ǳײ֮ɫһӶȭͷһȭȭľſ˹ȥ
һ˳ǹ֮󣬳ǹѾ޷ãҲӲ
ϧǿû壬ÿһȭǴҲ޷κε˺
ʱȴǲ֪Լӳ˶ȭĿǱȭͷͷ­ѡ
һ֮󣬿Ǳըͷ­
ɱ
ɱٴڣʱͬħȺǻŴ󵶣ոһ
ٿǷеʱֻǷеԨǱڵء

һֱʶǷʱѾУʶһӾͼ˴
ʶļǱɱĴٰͬ㣬һ춯صĻɢ
䡭
еƤȫը
ƤЩ˲ɱûɢȥ
ǳ嵽ǽ𵤸ֵǰ
ٵĻ˳ȥ
Ĵ󵶻ӶǸ𵤸ֻûзӦǵȥ

ӵ
Ⱥɱ˶ΣǰЩ˵ķӡȫ
ЩˣûоһжҪԼɱ
Щڽ˷ӡ֪֮ԼĴˣûκεĻ·׷״ųȺ
ʱժǽ𵤸ֵĽָ
Ȼһз֮һ͵ĺӵָߣӣҰǶϺ󣡡
׳һлˣ
Ҳûкһе˶кǷϣųԦնȥ
ʱԶѾ֪ĸǷ˴ĺУһɱŲٵĽ𵤸Ԧն


28 ս
ɱЩķľΪǶ൲һ
վȫϢٽŵ֪һսͽչ
зǳףԼı뿪ѣǣԼ뿪ˣЩӵò̫Զǿܾͻᱻ׷ϣȻһ
ӵøԶһЩɣ
վһ
ͿԼսжٰɣ
һٵתԼȫﵽı׼
ͳԼȫķ
Щʱֻһƿǵ
˲Ӱ֣һĸǸ˿С
ȥΪĸ֡
˼سǵĸ֮⣬ӳǵĸҲ˲١
˵ĸָǿУеĿⶼͶϡ
ȫͬһǣֳһѴ󵶣ʱͬ˿С
վһ˵Īơ
ָǰǵâó
ļûһ˸СĴڡ
س³õĿסͼʲôǣôҲʲôرĵط뵽һ˾⼫سɱļس췭ظʱ³õ鼫Ȳá
ɱɱۣ
³ôһ
Ĵ𣬼سǵĸǷسȥ
ˣ
֪һսѾչˡ

ŵһѴűըԹƤǴŶƤٵļ˳ȥ

ʶһƤǴͣıը
鲼
һƬ˲ǱһƬҵս
ǰĴ˶ڵˣǿΪûдﵽڣΪһ˵Ļᣬȫȥ
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һƤ˶֮ǿıըһǿ˶ɱ
ɱ
ӵҲɱ˹ȥ
ȻЩƤܹЩըǣܵشȴȫԡ
ȫЩĴҴܵǣǿĺըɫ˵һ뵽С
Ҫľһ˲Ļᣬ˲ʱ棬ܹ̫ˡ
ΣûκεĻУһȺлӶ
նɱ
նɱ
û̫ĻͬҲֱӾһնɱȥ
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ɱһĸһݣеĴ󴸺ؿھ˹ȥ
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ܣҲῴԼ֮󵽵жǿĿ
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͸žϲ֮飬ĸѴϲɱԼ⹦;̫ˡ
ǣܿģ˫ȫһֲŵľ£ϲϵķҲֻҵһ㣬޷Ķκεƻ
ôܣ
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ն
˶Էһʱûȥ飬ǵ˶ԷĲӡ
һѰѶԷͷ­÷˳ȥ
û£
һԼؿڵиǴ󶨣ԷԼϵķҲһ㣬һԼ͸ӿԷſֽŴսˡ
ȫɱ죬һսȫƴĹ
ȺвͣĻӳԷĹͲȥģŶԷԼҲҪȡԷһ
ննն
ԷһŲĸ֣ϵķǿдͣĳնɱȥ˲ǻӳٵ֮ࡣ

ŲĸһδεĴϣۿŶԷķԼһĴȫ˶Էзֱ˶ԷؿڣдϲʱȴͻȻ֣ԼڶԷϵľûκεá
ҲһˣľƴԼķҲҪѶԷɱ
ǣƴƴ˶Էķȴһֽ
ˣ
뷨ǺܺõģҲǷ֪ԼƵ˶Էķ֮󣬶Է϶ȱԼɱ
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⻹ô㣿
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ͬһͷ­
Լʧȥͷ­壬ĸһֺܹĸоԼôʧȥͷ­ʱǽ뵽ĺڰ֮С
վԶۿսֵ³ʱ˫۳Ծؿ뷨У뵽ôĸ֮УȫֵĽ֣ǡ
ǰһȫˣû뵽һֽ֡
ӳǵĸͬҲ۾жЩĸ̫ǿˣǿľȺоȻս졣
ҸǷһսôʱ䣬˾ȻûľԽսԽ¡
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ͷ­ڹ䣬Ѫڿз䣡
Ҫ˵³ãЩȺ׺֮ǣÿһ˵жһС
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̫ˣ
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ɱ
³öż𵤵ĸִһ
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ԲһˣһΪˣ
뵽ÿһ˶аѣ嵽һʲôĸֵĿĵʲôأ
һδεķһδεļ˷ȫƴĴ򷨣ŶԷԼҲҪش֡
ǳԼˣ˱ȻУʧܵĿ϶ԼԣûʽƵС
ǳǿܾԴԴΪṩͬҲܶ࣬һĽȺȫսһ׺Ĵ򷨸뵽иǵС
سǵĸǸ޷ȥ׷ɱЩߵˣʵʱû뵽Ҫȥ׷ɱЩˡ
սסǣǵϲϵ֣ÿһ˶һȫĸо
ںˣ𵤸ֿʼˣ
³õ𵤸ǳ˹ȥ
ڵĸȥɱԷسǵǻǷĵģǷɵ˵Ц
Сɣ
һ𵤶ĸʱȫһƬɫĹâӭȥ
һԵúСĵˣ֮ǰȾͰԼȫ˳
նɱһĸ֣Ϳ𵤸֡
ûκεηУʱȻǿɱһҲ˹ȥ


29 
𵤸ֵĵĿסһķٵԼĵףԼһ٣ס𵤸ֵĹԼŻϣ
ͿԼˣ
ûֶΣΨһ̵ľԼ塣
ԼΪͣƳƤǿͶԸ˽ڵĸ֣ЩֶͬҲС
ɣ
𵤶ֵһâһ˹ȥ
ĹеϢ·һסǴеĴɽĹȥ
ǿ
ǽֶΣ
ǿı仯һľηС
ǽڸǴֶΣ
ͬһɴתڣ֮ɽ
Ž𵤸֣ĸоΪǿҵģԷļѾؼһı仯Ǵﵽ˽Ϊõĸ߶ˡ
ѹֽһˮ룬ﵽ˽ڵˣǾۻĲΣ
ûʱˣڸûĿܣҲûҪ롣

ӭǹŵ˹ȥʱǶסˡ
ƾȥǿؼ
ǳԾ
˴ˣ
ɣ㣡
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壬ж֧ţ

ȻǵжԷԨ˻˶𶯡
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뵽֪ڳʲôطʱ³һС
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һʲôо
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𵤶ĸʱ¶֮˿ʼʱǿǣһεܹжĹûɱõ
֮óĽˡ
һ𵤸һԵڵսɵ𵤸ֲûжٿԣ
˵⻰ʱҲԵá
³ʵΧסܹնɱ𣿡
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Ҳò˵ʵˡ
ȫǣֻҪ˲Ϊˣ
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´³÷ָԼߵԨǾȻһַɵĸо

ҵ뷨³úγףһսɾԨˣ
һصĲ֫⣬۾һſͷ­ʱܼɢȥһովһսսڴҵǰ
³÷ؿĴ


30 ҵ۵
ճһսس棬ڿ˵˲֪һ׺ĸ֡
֪жߵΪ𣿡
˵㣿
ǺǣҲţܹɱܹӽ𵤸ֵӵ
⻰Ҳ˵öԣжߵΪأ

ֻҪ˶ĵطû˲¡
ʱǻصסʱԼĵעǾܺõӡ
ү³ˣ
ƿٽС˵
ĿһеȻ³õ뷨ҲЩԼȷһ¡
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ʶ̽鵽³ֱ˽ʹ˵һ䡣
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ģΪͣؼҵĹ˹أһֱչȥ
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о;һôСģҵ˻᲻Сġ
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ҵķڿеľ޴ƽ̨ʱһȥڿеķҲһЩǣȥȴЩӡ


31 
мһ޴ƽ̨ȫһĻ԰ɽˮӣ黨ݱ鲼ڣϼɢ䣬һɾӡ
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ˣ
³õͼʮ˱
һۿȥпЩ˾ȻԼܵЩˣʱȥǵɫҰ֮ÿһ˵ıоĿ־塣
е˿˹ȥ³ôҾͲܹҼسôҾҪҼسǵֶΣ
ˣն
һնֵķǿˣҪֹʱʶо͸ܵһǳǿʶԼ
Ȼ³õʶ
ˣ³ȻûȥģԼԼ¡
úݶ
ȭͷסŬԼƽ
Ԩ˴Ͳκεвв壬Ҫѹ
³õƬ
ֻһ󵶵˴󲽳Щ˹ȥ
ʶĴ̽ʱиǴ񣬺öǿߵϢȫһ壡
ô죿
ۿôʮ˾ͽɱ̫Ĳ̡
ǣȴǷǳףԼ嶯ˣЩ޷ȳпܻԼҲ˽ȥ
һԶŵĽ𵤸ֵЩܲȥԼҲͬܲȥ
ӣΪҵĴô
³ʱȴѯһ䡣
ž޴ŭһ̽Եʻ
³˺ݻѵͲı
Ҿ뿴׸Ҳ
ͱֳӸӣһҵǸоµΪΪǼسеվǲǵΪ
Ȼڶ³ˣ
⻰ЩԾؿ
վһˣ³õĿһ
Ҳվ˭һߣ˵ҵǾվȫڵһ˼
˵⻰Щ˵Ϊûץס֮ǰ»Ǳ³çҵνܿʹȥҪģ
³õѹ˴ңȻеģȴǲ˵һӵǰ棬Ҿͷ׷׵ͷ


32 
ȫһԹߵ˵Ҳ˵ףҪ߾ˣ˭Ҳûа취˵ЩΪģǾǴҵˡ
Ļһ䣬һǿǴ˼
˼
ҶԼ̣뵽׺Ⱦ;˼֣Ҳ׷ױʾҪ³˼˼
⡭
³ñһ£ȫû뵽һֽЩȨǿ˿ʱͻȻˣڴҵУҪġ
ĺֻǼ仰һӾͰĶԸԼ
ʱһС
һˣ϶ᶯݣǣһӷתˡ
ٿʱ³öԼһЩָоЩһˣǿѵ
ʱ³öĻ֮ķࡣ
Ů˭
·ûɱɱ飬Ǵӳپ
ʱͼһͥԺͷǻһĶŮŮվһСҡ䣬ǲɴȹ˵ֽʳĵøǶˡ
ŮŮȫôĺģһһЦ͸ĶĶ⡣
رɿŵСȰͷɿ΢΢ִĶ
پʱҲһֱһԿţó仰֮Ͱ³üҵʧȥ˰취
ٿķʱϾ¶ЦݵҳǵһŮ㻨ô⣬ϷǿΪǽܣܲܳɾͿǵˣǺǡ
һ³ɫһתЦЦǺӿԶҲ˴£Уնɱ֮ʰˣ
ˣЩ˴ȥ
⻰Ȼϲû̫ı仯ȴҲһ
ʮԼǰͷصĻ֪ôźˡ
£۵ͶһЩ֮
˿³õǾͿʼɣ
һ𵤸ִһ۵֮仯
濴ţȻвٵ֪ʶǣ֪ʶûܹںͣûбԼʶһֱսûʱо飬֮仯ʱȫǵҪôݻ¡
ҪʼʱԶһͨ庣
ͨǱźǵĳپһվվӳǵЩȫվ
ʱ³Ҳɫվ
ʲô
ȫ֪Ǻʲôóĵ𶯺ܴ
û˽ܣɴﲢû
ܿ죬ͼһվһȥݻķϣֻ
һۣ޳ģ˫Ƶ磬һۿȥȫ³һһְµʡ
ٿ󣬼ȫϵĸ֣ÿһͬҲȫ°Ȼ
ʲô˰
óȫ˧ˣҲһź¶ֹһȥͲСӡ
ݼ£
پǱȭһ
ֳȻ֮飬⺣΢΢һЦöҾѡ
ݼ£
ʱӳǵǶ׷ʩ
ֻȻӣ΢ЦҶɡ
һۿȭһ³ã³ãûŰɣ
ܹǵ۵Ὣɫ١
£
ʱжһЩ˽ˣ򵥰һ£ǻ壡
û˽ܣûһЩˡ
ʵʱҲڿٵķеݣϢҲʶŪ˳
˽⵽⺣Ϣ֮Ҳ޷СӶԷˡ
ʮʮնɱ֮ˣʮﵽ㣬ʮ׼𵤣ڶʮһ꣬Ȼûн𵤣ȴҲǽ֮µһ֡
⣬˸ţһֽɱɱ˼ܣһܹɱ֮ȡ׼ǳ
ԭһ֣
ĿͰѷ絽˺ϡ
ʱպ⺣ĿҲͶ˹
һɨԣ⺣Եú԰ûа档
һָоԷ֪Լ֮ˣҲ֪ԼΪԣԼûڵˣǾȫˡ
ЦһɴͲվˣֳһֵȻӡ
£λԨԪ˧ĹӺ
پۻǽ
һ⺣Լ߹ȥ˳پ۸ղλϣپ۵Ҳûʲô뷨ס
ȻһԴļһ
º󣬺³ʵ³ʼ۵˰ɣ
£ոտʼ֮仯һݻ
΢΢һͷٰܹ֮ʢᣬǺ£ս£ҲӦӲǣôɳзο
Ӱ
ֿԼûվӭԭСӾȻԼˡ
ԨɫҲһ䣬¾ЩζΪԪ˧ӸͲһ
һ˫˫ĿͶϡ
ȴװɲûĻӣĿס㻨㻨Ǻģ뷿еҲһܣǺǡ

е˶ȻˣĻȫǰѶԷŮ˿Ůūζ尡
˵⻰Ծ͸ܵǺɱƵĿͶԼϡ
ԴǺ֮Ͱй۲쵽ˣ⺣Ͷ㻨ϵΣһְĽ֮⡣
ǿ˺Ͳķʽػ
캣ĵʵ׷㻨ģһ԰ˣȻǵµݣȴҲǿ㻨һֿ׷㻨
ԼаĽŮ˾ȻԼȫûпĺ˵Ƿ˵ŮūȫǺ޷̵顣
ֳȻûпƵģǳپ۵ٳղ˵ĻһҪ㻰ӴʱҪ㻨ʶ
پҲһˣ֪㻨ղҲǸЦѣҲ֪ʶҲܷʲô
Ц˵ͷŵһߣǣˣź˵ĻⲻǰԼ
һʱ֮䣬پ۾ʹסˣĻˣɱƵĿʱɿԼһ⣬˭Լ졣
ʱȴǲûȥǺ˫۶Զ㻨ŮĲҸŮǿˣŮĶ
˫۷Źһ۾ͿóǶ㻨ˡ
ʱ³Ҳֿâĺ̾ҵĹǲݰȻ뺣Ůˡ
뵽Ҳһ̽ĻᣬҲû


33 ֮
ںҪŭʱ򺣻£Ҫǽһ£ҼŮ廻㻨ô
̬ȣȫһ竹ӵǿҵռǱ¶˳
ȫǰѶԷŮ˿Լ֮ζˡ
³õɫѾѿˣ뵽Լ֪ĺھǵıʱѾܹȷСӰٷ֮پǺˣǽеһ㻳֮Ҳʧˡ
ô죿
ڰ³ǰľϵĴˡ
ʱŭˣɱ֮Ķˣ˫ȭýģ˫Ŀƻס
㻨ĿŮԼ׷ŮСӾȻɱ
·ոտ˺ı飬װԾ£ôˣ
ʶԷôˣ
ǿЦѣСӵô°
ɱ˭ˣ˵һ£ԨϣҰƽ
һ
˼ŰϢƽϢȥĿиһЩɱ⡣
óҲĶ֣һע⣬ɱС£ĴսǲǴ£˵ˣǵ£ݸ߹󣬿ɲӴ
ǵȻ˵һ䡣
⻰ǱŭʮĺȴǻָƽЦЦҲ
ʱҲĿһоԷǹȻҲôͻָƽ
ûôõ飡
ЦЦ¹ȻˣϢĵ죬Ҫѧϰĵطкܶ࣬뾡ϲŮ˲ʲô˵飬Ҿǿ㻨Ůˣ̫ˣ㿴ģٿǷ飬뵽˴ʱ龰ҶЩˣ

ˣ竣
ںʲô˶޻˵ˣϲŮ˾ϲɣôô¶أ
ʱǺȴǲûٷŭϱһɵȻؿܲУ
Ȼ˵úƽǣŨŨɱ¶˳
ӸҲϰߣΪΪŮһ£Ҳûзϡ
³һ²ȥˣŪȥҪ£Ͷ˵ڿʼ۵ɣ
ǳپҲһͷϵĺԣԣʼ۵ʼ۵
ЦЦ˵һԴĺɱҪõ±һ£
ݣ
õ±ݣ
ٴοΪ²ҵĺѹСھҲһȻǻ
θͲٴˣֻҪԼ˺Ļеɱͻ
۵ʼ
³ֻǶ·һϣԼѹסһС
³õЩҵĸһƽ
ʱһ۵Ľ𵤸ǴǰݳǩһϳǱֶ
ոϣֻһŮֳһѳԦն
ŮӵҲһ㣬ȫһɿʣҲ˼鶯
ұݵǽ
ֻǱʼ־Ĳ¿ٵڿ趯
ҲǵһηıݣҲ˽һֱݵ˫۾ͶסǽĵطԼǿʶ۲ű켣ı仯
ȻãȻ빦йصĶ֪ԼĵӲĻᣬ϶Ҫѧϰ
ߣ
ԱȴǴǺı
ЦһСӱԼùǺˣҪ֮Ĺϵƻֻǵһѡ
棡
Ǳֶıǿвͣ趯УеϢڷű仯Ǳƽ޲һľۼ̡
󷨣
ʶǳǿһӾ̽һ󷨵ɹ̣Խд󷨣ȻʵۻȻӵǿĹ
˼ά·һӱһš
ԭ󷨻÷ʽ

һЩǴ˾
ֻһ޵Ļš
ɫĻ
ʶ̽鵽ˣǰеԪ󷨽һַ࣬ŰѸֵɫŪ˳
֮ã
ԭ֮ð
ǱֶѾȥˣȴǱֳһƽӣ³΢΢ͷйоصģǶɫֻεĽ׶ΣҪŬ
ǻÿǺÿˣԲ㣬Ϊ£ܹһѾˣپҲԼĿ
Ŵһķ̾һԼļʶǳЩҲŴҵۡ

һЩ˶ǴﵽĽ׶ΣѶ׶ε˽˲ʱˡ
̧ͷȥʱͿһƵٴС¥Ԧն
ϲʴƮƮ΢裬ȫһŮɡ
ĳ֣һӾʹ˴ľ̾
ŵʱóŮ˵ĳ֣ҵ˫۶ѷ
ҲʮΪˣŮӵĳɳ죡
һ𵤸ź룬¶̾顣
ʮӦܹڹչﵽʲôĳ̶Ȱɣ
˵䣬ֻһרŲ˵ٵĵط
һۿȥǵطԵúǼ򵥣ûʲôرװΡ
¶Цݣ˫һ֮˲ǳ
Ϊ
ҲˣȻ֪֮ԶܹǳҪľ棬˺Զ
һǰ࣬ĵ࣬ҾͿڷű仯
ֻһЩľˣһЩţͻȻֵˮ

ȻЩľһ鶯
𵤸ﲻϡ
ʱ˫ҲǷŹ⣬˫ͬҲһЩĽ֮顣
ʱûȥ飬ʶʱȫ뵽˶֮õС
ղǱֶһ仨˵ΪһŵĻȫǽ뵽ˡ
һֶ˵ȫµˣԼĻ֮һںϵ⾳
ʶ뵽Щ֮ͷȫǻļ
ԭô㣬Ż
򵥵Ļһ֮˾һĻ԰УرһԺڻ
˸
ƮȻȥʱ򣬴һûдлظ
κһԭӣ˫˼£޵֮Ӧа
û뵽Ѿ˻ΪĲΣʱգȫܹɱ󣡡
˸˺ܸߵۡ
ʱĿȫʱЩֶΡ
ʶǿȫѧֶΡ
ͬʱشķ֣Լõʱ򣬿ܱҪһЩԼȫûģ鶯ϱǿ
ջٰ
ԼջˣջԼķܹõĸı䣬ԼսҲ


34 ɱ
ɴӳ㻨ݣ
һЩ˱һЩ֮󣬴Ҿͼ㻨ϳˡ
ԣ㻨ͬҲŮһʱֵ֮̾˹
ٿǺʱͿ˫۶ڷŹˡ
ЦһЩСӿóԾһɫȴװ崿ӺŮˡ
ã
һӣһ
Ҷһ־޵ĸоڿ㻨һӣôĴ󣬰ѴҶһ
ͬҲˣŭ
źЦЦ£ǲҾˣʲôĴ۶ҪŪҸȥ뵽Ů˷̣Ҿͳ˼鰡
˵⻰һһ㶼
㣡
˫ۺŭһ
ʱȴ˵⻰ͲȥǺŤžͿ㻨
û뵽һֳȭĸоˡ
ʱɱ֮ĸУǣַǳףڸͲԨ˽ʱԼˣЩµĻˡ
ɶ
ɶ
ŭһҪѪĸо
㻨·ߵŮˣֻҲڲͬȫַӵĳʽ
һĲɴɴµҲò¶ؼĵطǣ֮䣬ǰ۵ļȥܹǵ
رزĵط֣֮һۿȥǵطķ˳Ͼˡ
Խַ˵͸
оóŮĹһĹ
Сɿ䣬ͼ㻨ǿռ䲻ϵֻеϢҲڿٵķ仯
һһЦһһôĶÿһ⽿Ķ˶һŻĵȼա
˵ղһ޵ŮŮȫŮˡ
ʱҲͬоԼС֮гһ飬ǻҲڷڡ
Ů
˼ԼЩﶯѹȥ

һɴ£޵Ů˱⻯˳
ţһ˱⻯˳
ЩŮ˵ĳ֣ۿϢѲȡ
ǸܵǺϢȲȶ
ٿŮʱÿһͬʵһ㣬ڳ˸ʽʽÿһʽּȳջ
رȫϵ·һЩȶԣǾ͸ӵĲˡ
ϸϸһÿһŮ˺γ㻨ӣֻŮӵıֳһЩɿӡ
󣡡
³̾һ
ŮȻƲ߹ԣǣҲǳˣΪٸһЩĻЩŮ˾ӵսˣ
һڵĸҡͷ̾ţ˫۾ȴǽסڿ
սҿһǿһЩҩ֮ĶмĻ˿ɾҪˣǺǡ
𵤸ǵ۹ǶģһӾͿ󷨵һЩȱݡ
˵ȡ֮ټҩ֮Ķ޾ͽʧʱڵ˾û˻֮ҿ͵Ļȫгһս

ۣȴͻȻ̫뷨ˣ˵̫սʱŪһֳǷܹԻסأ
ԽԽǸоȫеġ
ֽǰۿʲô۵ᣬԼ˵ջ̫ˡ
㻨ȥˣϳ˵Ҳݳ˲ٵֶΣѾǶǵЩ֮õ˽ˡ
֪һʲôʱĺͻȻ˵һҵĺɱ
ղŻԸݣȴˣⶼʲô°
źʱЩˣСһ£ԼϲŮ˿
ŮʱҲװư
뷨Щˡ
ͻȻͿǺͶһâ
ʲô£
ܵ͸ŨɱһӾ
һʱ뵽˶Էɱ顣
ɱ
һ뵽Լѧĺݡ
һ뵽жʱһЩ˺³һֿܣĿ֮°Լ
ȻȷԷ뷨ǿټһ㻤֡
һҸ˺ķһֱûϣɴ͵ŴҼ˳
£³òؿ
ЦЦСӿܺˣҷһ£ˡ

ɫЩˡ
رǴӳپۣͲ˵ˡ
ЦЦԼ治У
ûˡ
ǻһ˹âĻֻ֣ǿʼʱеâѣܿ޷
ʱǰаԼȫ
ЩʱǺûпԦնȥֱӾ͵Ǿ޴ƽ̨ϡ
Ա֪ĵԱݺɱһ˷
ǰЩȫһԵ﷽ʽɱĶһ¸ͿҪˣֻҲڼŮĳ
վȫһ˧Ҳõ˲Ů˵ľС
ʱͬ棬Ҳ˽һܹɱ˵ֶεʲôֶΡ
վͼͻȻһǿЩΧͣԶȥͬˮɡ
Ҳ濴ţʶиܵóԷǰ֮γȫһ󷨵ˡ
γɣͼһʺ翪ʼɡ
վˮ֮ϣʺΪԶ޵ţǺ֮һҲɣӦǺŵı

³Ҳ޷ˣ
پۺٺһЦԳˣǰѱͨʺ粻ͣĴӶýŲϵǽд㹻ܹ˲䵽ǧ֮⣬ܹһնС
û뵽
һҪɱһĺˡ
³õԵµֶΣѾ˽սˣ
ӳǵǶֳ˵֮ɫ
ʱȴһµķ֣ǺĲʺвûд˵ֹһɺǿš
СҪʲô
ӲҴˣ϶СӵĿԼ
ȻڴұǺĲʺͽʱһɱͻȻǺ˳ǲʺȥ
ɱ𽣹ƶһɽ֮ɱȻͻһâĿֱ
ǣƵ⣬˲ɵһâ޴Ĳʺ֮ȫ˺ˣ˿ҲֻΪǲʺâһݡ

ˣ⺣úܣűֳľǺɱʵɱоͲעһɱ
һɱôƳģǣǳԣɱһǿɱֶΡ
ʵҲûп³úͳپ۵Ŀһǣû˳֡


35 켣仯
ʶǹɱлЩ𶯣Կó⺣˵ֶεȷ
ǿʶѰѺõķʽѧᣬûо֮飬ѧ֪ʶ֪ⲻһеĹ켣ϼٶȶѣʵһŵɱѡ
ݵúã
һӣ
ǵǳһЦСӹȻ竣ֻ棬Ͳ֪ɱ
̫˶뵽ǸУû顣

ã
ڰЦ³ͻȻһͼٵչȭƣǰͻȭӰ
ףȭ
ĳȭ֮³ɱƵĿͶ˺ϡ
ߣ
ʱǳپҲæ³Ϣŭ
ٳصĻ
ʲô飿
ʱ·ŷӦ˹ոպһھƵʱȴĨǡ
ûȥ뷨ʱ˶վ
ʱԶеĺһ΢ɼ⴫˹
ȴǳżسǵһ˹ȥ

Ǹʱŭ֮£ӶȭͷҲϵĳȥ
ɱ
һд˳ѱԵúǽŵոøǽš
˫˶ŶԷȫŪΪλᷢ顣
ðűݺɱȴǽǺɱҷ߲㣬ѵҼسǣ
ĻٴλϽˡ
˵
ǳپ۴ŭˣΪ²ңȻ˵ĻԣԨ˶ŭɡ
پۣȻΪûߣǣҰģȻεĻɱԱǹȡسǣūҼسǣ
Ļٴδ˳ȥ
ʱһ˶Ծٴηˡ
ֻǱ򲢲ߵĲʺͻȻһǲʺһӾͽӵ
ǿɱ˲ⷽ
ҪɱǣҸɱ
ܵǿɱٿǺĳʱҶĻɱ֮ǽŵ˲ա
ɱ壡
ɱ
ЩȫԼĵ¾ȻǰѹĿ걩¶˳ΪҪԨչˣҲųԨ幥ȥ
һʱ֮䣬۵һļս
ԼĻּǿˣʱǼŭ˵ĳپŭĿԲɣϵĺȭ
ⳡսپһΣͬʱżȵķŭ
ǣȭͷöƣǷʱҲֻǺһ㱣֡
ܿ죬³پսһ
ڻ֮УȻͣ˹ȴҲȫúܡ
ôңЦ⡣
ʵʲôϢãһ󷨵úͱԴĲѣڹ۲Ǻ֮ϾֶΣٿڱǺɱʱ׹ǰѱԴγһͨȻͨпдһЩ󷨣ͬǹһӵֻӵһӵ̫ࡣ
Ūν֮ö˵͸һ⡣
һҪԴҲǻźܴѣȴǸûⷽѶȡ
Ȼ޷ѹԼǣһЩСֶȴ㹻ˡ
ʼʱǺǵɱʵģǺԵ
˺ֶ֮Լ뷨˼ͨȻͨǶǵ뺣Ĳʺһһı仯ͷˡ
ĸȫսһһǺȥʱǺȻȫվ
ɱ
һָǺһ
ĴͿˬԨһӵϣΧס˺͹
ɱ
ɱ
ɱسǶ𵴣ȫǵĸֱı仯˭Ҳȥ룬ǹ˹ȥ
εĸȻһЩǣһˣһӵϵԨˣֻǱսˣǾ˵Ǵӳȥ
һֵ˵ϣǳپŭĿԲɣ졣
Χųپ׷ɱĽ𵤸־Ǽ
ٿսĴʱֻǱһ㻨ҲһЩΧĹ
óһ˫˫㻨Ŀж˼ǿռҵ뷨ȷһҪŮ뷿С
Ǻȫˣųǽ֮ǿߣǵĲͣͷɢң·ôĽףɫѻҰܡ
Ŵӳǵĸֶǹӳǰ
ʱٴδ
ӳǣٰ
һ
һУҲ޷ˣһ˵ڵĴӳǹȻû˸ȥǾ޴ĺô˵
ӳǽ
һȱ̬
ɱӳǣ
һʱֱӾͱ̬ˣңһкӵĺҲ˳ȥ
³Ҳ𼤵Ͳٶ룬뵽ӳڵȷһճƵĵطʱ´ɱӳǣ
һķ˿УĸֳŴӳǶȥ
ǾҲ춼žװսʿڽǵָ£һӶӵʿɱ˴ӳǡ
ҪɱСӣ
ƴŰһػǳپ۳ͳ˹ǿˣⳡȫСӸģûСӣͲҳ
뵽ӳΪСӿܾͽսʱǺ޼ˡ
ȥɱȴǸͲ֪ı̬
ͣİȫϡ
ͼÿһεĺжŪôҡĦз֮
ԣһۿȥʱֻǼǻķɢâƲķ
ñ̬ķ
˰һеԭ򶼿Ǻҵķ̬
ʵʱûǷˣ֪Ǹ͵סԣаԼϢڷֲһǳپ۴ڵʵϡ
һδεػ಻ͣĲǣǶס˶ԷĹ
ûɱСӣ
ĺ֮󣬳پ۷ؿʱǽ׷Ľ𵤸ǰеĹϡ
Ҳʰ
ⷢʱЩ˵ȫǻԵĹˡ
ĺ֮󣬳پǱһƬ֫
һĸֵ³Ѿɱˣһžӳɱ˹ȥ
һƬҵĳ棬ٿͬǱɱõ˵ϵĺһ±ӣͬҲû뵽ôļҡ
ӺˣһսѾչһͿʲôķչˣ


36 װ

ͻȻһȻһѪˮ
ȥȴǲûȫɱȥ
³ʱҲֻǿһɱ˴ӳǡ
ҶΪ϶Ǳղǳپ۴ˡ
СǷᰡ
ûͬ鵹µ
³ҲЩڣ֪һжǺСӸģǣ鶼չ̶ˣ뵽ӳѿˣʧȥ˸ֵĴӳȫѹ·ŮˣȥһǶԼҲ޷
СӱƵİ
װѪĴʱȻؿ㻨ͻȻһܹߵķ˲ʧˡ
Ů˺
ͻȻʧ㻨ֶε˲ûУԼһҪСһЩС
λҶɱ˰
ȺһȻֵȥ
һƬң֪ս֮Щū֮˶˽Լӡ
ӣӣôˣʱҲǸ˹
ŮūҲͬԦն
һȥɣ
ź˵һ䡣
ֻǱŮūǼһǻǷһţ˻뿪ҵĵط
˵£ڵȻȥˣǵ˴ʲôӣͲȥġ
סеˣƺأҪչأ˭Ҳôţ
ʵ˵˵ĻҲܵһЩ𶯣û̫飬ֻҪϢһ¾ܴá
˵ҪǺúõһԼһô⡣
սˣˣЩȨǲ⿴µģʱԼصԨ˵ľǣܾܿͻһЩʣǷҪȥأ
УǴԼǷܹսøӵң
һվ
֮˶ѿƣ뿪ﲢѡ
ñһӡ
һƬңֱӳǿ⸮ķȥ
һŷֹȻķʱûѶ͸ɵЩػˣҲûȥ࿴⸮еĶЩָһɨա
ʱһȥְ֮ѹѺĸ巸˷˳
һ뷨ԷӳǵĳˣٰǶԼŻɵ³ҲɵľͻӸӡ
һ·ԦնУͿǺɱɲ֫ߣ˶У˫ǴԽ
ոյǽͳԾؿϵµľ˺ɱţĿҰ֮һƬɱ
ĴӳҲŴĸ֡
ٿʱͼһͷƮɣһѴ󵶷ھпɱš
㣡
Ծˣû뵽澹Ȼһ֡
ĸоǾԵĸ֣Ȼ³뼸𵤸ְΧ˺ɱǣԿó˶޷ѹסĹ
ûȥǵԦճŶԷǳĵطٶȥ
һ·֮ϣ˼ݣȫǺˡ
ղҲй۲ˣǺûбɱȻвΧǻɱ˺üһĸ֣һʲôܵˡ
ʼ֮˿϶һЩķ⵽ҲСӦò棬Ҫľǽɱһ
ƵɱоǺɱⶫҲŪˣȻ治ƣƤйĻӦҲ̫⡣
һ뵽ڳǣװĺԵüȵǿƣһѺԱĵطҲԣֱӾǲʺȻǴѵƤ˳ȥ
ѺȫŪˣԼĵ¾Ȼɳ飬ȫŵþʧ
꣡
ƿЩ֮󣬹Ѻŵĸ巸˱˳
ڶ˵һᣬ벻뿪ǣ
˵⻰ǳǿ⸮صɱ˹ȥ
ɱ
ЩųǶһЩ׺֮ˣһ·Ͼͺɱ˳ȥĴӳٴ
ûκε⸮Ҳһɨա
Щ֮ڼսеĵط
ʱĸȻɱ֡
ʱһȥʱȴĸҲܲסԨֵĹʱѪ𶯣вͣѪ
ٿ³õʱͬȫ˵
䡭
һ֮󣬾ͼȫ˵ϡ
ұˣ
¶Цݡ
ָԼӣԼһ˵װ֮
ڴŵļֵķһɱչ֮ǳǷȥ
ɱ
˽ǰһŵһǿɱƤǵصļ˳ȥ
䡭
˹ƤȺȫը
ޱȿԵıը˺һУĴ̼̮ѣƬɢ
ն
󵶻Ӷθֳ
ĶУȫǿ䣬ȥڿи˵ߡ
һնǽֵͷ­ûͣ³ȥ
ڿзɳͷ­³ͻȻһЩָ㣡
֪ԼĻǶԵģǺ
ʱǶʧȥ˷֮ˡ
ҷѴʧȥȫټһƤĺ֮Ҳûһ˿˿ôǿսͻȻ֮Ⱦ͸ɵǿһ𵤸֣⻹ô
ۡ
ն³õĲϣ˵Ļһնڡ
Ѫ쮳˺øߣ³õ̫Ĳġ
ʬȻ¡
ĴʱٴμǰѴʱøˣȺдУÿһλƶոһ


Ƕħˣ
ʱսϵǲŷĳ֣ٿԼһĸڱնɱʱȫ
û뵽
˭Ҳû뵽ʱڴҶʱ֡
ڷɣڲͣĵ£ʱͬһħһ㣬ո˫ǿߵ
ôһЩƽʱҿȥǿޱȵ˴ʱͬСһ㱻նɱе˶һ־޴С
ջ˴󵶣ȥǽǿߵĴʰǰѴ󵶿˿һԶô󵶻ҪƵúõķ󵶡
ԼĴս˽ָסѴ󵶸һ̧֮ͷĴǿ˹ȥ
ȻʱûɱһˣǣȺеݵȴӡǵĵס
ң
ڿʼ˭۸ˣ˭ūˣһȥģ
˵⻰ͼƤĴ˳ȥ
󡢻桢ѩ硭
ս֮һƬҡ
ٴεǿޱȵƤС
һɢȥʧˡ
һţÿһ˵϶η塣


37 
棬ǰѷŵȫЩ⸮еõƤ
ϴ⸮õľһЩˡ
Ƴ츳
ܣ츳Ǵ֮ܣԷ
ʨ츳

Ȼһǵղأ
ǰͲƤ˫ѷһЩƤ֪ԼƤͻһΡ
ЩƤһ˽ȥھͼ·
ٵȵȣԼΪҪͻˣ
Ĵ֮Ծ͸ܵԼΪ˴
ϷȫһΪս׼Ĺ
ܿ뵽˸֮УϷĹҪͣݵģڵٶȣźܹܿʱҪǺĹ
ϷֻڣһҪԼܹѵڵĹݳС
ջЩ֮⣬еľǿߵĴҲŲϵĸ
һ˳
ݹҪľǲο˵飬һֱ¡
ϷһƵǴڶأ
֮õıڰ˼·չ
ڶӦþһĴ棡
Լ뷨սҪľĴԼ˵ܾҲãϷĹҲãʵһ·ֻܾϷûеõȫںϣܹںϵĻĹͻһ
⻹
뵽ϷܹٽʶĹܣʶͣУȴǲûԼϷﵽһͬķչǾʧȥ˸һжýĻϲС
ԽԽ뷨ӿͷоԼôϷڳΡ
ʱһĹȥȫ뵽С
ү
һʱ˳ȥ
һ۾Ϳվĺơ
ʲô飿
үĹԱǶۼ棬Ҫ㡣
ɻؿ˺ơ
Ҳһˣ֪Լүܻ֪˵үһչؾ죬سǶˣ
չ죿
ǰչˣ
ҲЩԾ˸֮󣬾ȫϷĹУû뵽һӾȥʱ䡣
뵽սµʱҲ˽һսʲôķչͿƵʲô
Ƽæ
֮ҲһȻ
ԭʱʧȥ˸򣬲ǳȺһЩٷҲͣǰǡ
رһЩų׺֮ˣг𱨳ˣɱ֮£̫Ĺͥ٣⼫سǿƵĴһƬҡ
𾪵ĻЩǣڴˡءִ壬ųľӣӻ㼯˴ūڸعӵأΪ׵˾ȻǼӼسǺǴӳбųˡ
ƵĽܣ׹ԼŪһ֧Ԩ˵ľˡ
Ҹʲô
һ£ָоЩ⡣
ЦЦү֪֮ܲһս֮󣬽𵤸ȫˣǼسĽҲڶ࣬ǹսĲھмͳһҸͲԷȺװ

ЩˣͿ˺ơ
ЦЦҽӵ˾үؼү뿴
˵ţһݸ
֪ǺͼԪ˧üСʹĶͽӹյüͷ쿴
֮ϵıҲ
ȫû뵽Ǻͼһǳ⼫سȺ׵ĻᣬĻƽϢȥܹƽϢĻңͼͰȡ⼫سǵĳ֮λ
ȫû뵽飬뵽ԼܹΪһ֮ʱĺôʱ˫ҲЩˣµҲǲܹ
ϣվ
ǰүүĶӣдˣֻҪվ˳Ǿ͵ġ
ưѳ˺ͼˣ
ǵһ£
ҲףԼֵüеĻЩ˻ǿԼȻԼһ¼Ӻˡ
죬̺үԡ
ƶŮūԸš
ʵǻǱվƵĻǻүԡ
ůˮ棬Ҳڷֿԡ
ˮ棬ӵŮӣӿ֮顣
ڵ۵۷ˣ
ÿһγ֪ǿ쵽ԼͻƵʱԽеԽŨ
úŮӣٿˮڼϹȥһʱľ裬ԼʶƲסϷľͳɫˡ
УûиĽ֮ǰԼҲȥ
ǿڵ飬ܵǱСԼ궯һֿҪըĸо
ٴΰ񶼳뵽˹УŮȫٹġ
ŮԡʱŮվ·ͻȻԼھһεʶ֮еɫ˺ܴ
⹦Ȼ̬
ںƺŮĻ£ǿС
Ǻǣ˼һֱڱչأճؾ˵ˣ
һǴ͹Ц
ʱĴźö峤ҵ϶͸һֿɫ
ݼӣ
ҳǱȭһ
ϲ裡
ǻŮ˵һ䡣
ʵÿһ˵϶Ѱһˮ
˵䣬еλ
ӣҪȾȫǰ
Ϊ׵һӶ˵峤ض˵һ䡣
ǰ˵ʲôҪ˵
Ӱڳʧȥ˳ƱһһһƬңļ嶼ˣȫһƬңҪһܹȶֵ˰
λ峤ЦˣҾһ·˶ѣôܳеôĵӣ
ӴԲӣǺԪ˧ĹӣԺգ˵滹ִֵܹĻǹĪǶˣֻҪܹվҵȽ龩ǣٹΪسǵĳ
˵սܿЩ˵뷨ǲǿԼǿ˺ҵǿԼ˳ȻΪߣȴȫɳһЩ𵤸ǰ֧֣ʱļسǾͻȶǶԴ飬˵ˣһԪ˧γڴ˵ͶһԪ˧׽Ļˡ
˼ʱЩ峤࿴һۣȫվ빫ִ֣
Եúε˰
ģˣÿһṩϸֶʮԹӵɣ
һӵУȻҿҺҾʱһºˣ
ڴӦЩ峤һһ϶¶Цݡ


38 
ү֪ͨѷȥˣӳûһ
ƵɫǳѿЩ幫ԼүΪּسǵʱ·֪ͨǣҲû˵
ʱЩ²ˣԼǲ̫˽ô»ӵһôܱû
˽ǱûУ
үʱ޷õ
Ʋⷽ˲ţ˵ˣ⼫سҲûʲôȻˡ
¶Ц⣬֪Լһ⣬˼ˡ
Щ϶֪һЩģȴǲû˸ԼԼ˳ȥúͼά
ᣬ̫ˣ
Ǻͼ֪ܲһЩȻ֪ˣԼ£϶Ǵ뿴Լ͡
ͼҲڹעԼ
֪ǺͼĶӲǺһӡ
鰡
֮͸еЦˣԼ£ᵽҲѵá
һ֧
үǶǵտ˶ٴӳӵŵľǧˣдϵʿҲʮ۷ĸ֡
Ǿɣ
ЦЦ˵
ƵڳĽ𵤸ȫˣԲҲˣľǶˣȻһϵ˵Ҳٶˣ
ֳǣЦЦβþս
֪ͨٶҵӪ

Ǻˣ
йעס˶һʱõ˵ӪȥϢ
СΪһˣǺǣ
кϷˣ
ɲǣӪտ˶ˣͼܹ
ɲǣԴ³֮󣬼ڼسǵİչˣҪ˵ֶ֧ӵıγӰҲ֪ôģǺͼȻֹӵΪ
ǾͲ֪˰ɣͼҲ̽뷨ҶĶӺһ£ʱһ٣ȴǴпһЩ˵ĶǿһЩû׼ܹеõô
ôܣ
ûΪܹʲô¡
ǰţҲڹעŽᷢ顣

˵ʲô
ڶӪľӪУֶµı棬ɫͱѿǺȻѵһҪĿͶԼϡ
ͼĶӣ
ȻԷǺͼĶӣֶȴǲ£֪ԼҲ˵ġ
Ͼӣ
ֶǼˣӡУǺһų֮ˣΪҲߣͲԼǧ˾
ԶԶԦնֶٺһ
ǧ˵Ķ˲
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
޺һ𷢳˲Ƕȥ
쳹ƺƵأǵأ֮ȫǺɱ֮˷

ԦУǾӷ˲ȫ͸סٶˡ
ɱ֮˵ļ䣬Ȼ֮ȻżǿĴ͸һڷţֱӾͱһѪȣӿȥ

һ֪ԷԼֶٲǺǵˡ
Ÿ˿ÿһϳ˵η֮顣
ǺͼԪ˧Ķӣȫǹƾ٣ΪسǴ
ԷԼһɴվԼְλ˵˳
Ȼƺĺһ仰ͻǺǿɱ
ԺƵҵĴְλȥ
һˣ˱Υնɱ
Ʊ͸һЩԨ˵Ĺ涨ˣҲǺŰ⻰˵
˱Υնɱ
ЩźҲ
һĿʼʱѹƵٶ˵ͬĴص
Ԩ˵Ĺҳ֮ΪԨ۹ڿĵ۹Ʋǰ裬֪Ǵ˵۹ʱƸǵЩʿãȻˡ
ǧʿǵ˥һˣǶԨľ֮ǵ۹ʿĳһ˵ʿһж۹ָӣҴǵ۹ԼسǵĹǾͱԵķҵָӣ
ݣ
ݣ
ƴţٶҲˣͬš
ЩʿʱԦնֶٲӵأͬ棬նɱʿ߲
Ļ˵е˶п
˭Ҳû뵽ᵱǧֶ˵Ļ
ֶٴסˡ
ǧʿסˡ
ٶȫסˡ
ɣ
رֶ٣ôҲû뵽ԼȻ˵ˡ
ҴסˣʱȴǶˣһ˵һ߿ֶǾͲԶ
ڴ𶯵ʱչɱֶٿٶȥ
ɱһֲҪ߶ɱһ㽲ľãԸߵҲһԷעֶΡ


ͻ֣
ӵ
ĶС
˻û׹ʱѾһĶ
ޱȿԵĵ˺һУâ죬Х֮캶ء
ۡ
նֶٵ

ֶٵ͸ž֮飬ȫ޺ĺȻôǿս
Ѫˮм䣬ȫȥ
ˣ
ֶ֪Լ군ˣȫһĵȥؿھۼ˴ĵ
䡭
һը촫
ֶֻٵؿȫը˱ĵըһƬ⡣
Ѫɣ
ڿУֶѱնɱӵ۹߲ߵ۹壡
߲ɱ壡
ٶʱҲӦ˹ߺ
ϳɱ뵽ʮֶٶʱЩһЩ뷨ʿһʧȥ˷رõ۹ѹǵĻ˲͸оɽѹ
һ£Ҳ֪˭ͷԸӴ
ҵԸӴ
ʿҲ۹࿹׷׹
Ϊӳ𰡣
ʱм˳𣬳ɱ˹
ɱ
һּ󵶻ӶֱӾͳȺ
ͲȥԼķĹ׺֮Ⱥвͣӳ
Էϣȴһն˶Է׼
ɱ
ٶʱҲȥ
᲻ͣĹ֮Ƿʮȫµء
վڿУЩûжʿܺãû߽ʯöߣ壡
ĶӪȫ뵽С
ǧʿٴ¶Цݣ֧ӣӦûзӦˣ


39 
ʲô
ٶշһ֧ǧ˾ӵϢʱҶһֲŵĸо
Цֶֽģ
ֶѱΪնɱˣڱɱ˶ˣ

ǵһ
˭ûпõĺȻһ֡
֪ǸֶپȻǺնɱģ
ЦˣֶʮˣǺŶΪǣ
ٴЦ
ȷʵǺһļܣ˵ûĲôͻȻֶٵǰֶ̫ˣû뵽ֱӳȥնɱȫûз֮£Ǻһض룬Ȼըأˣ
⾭е˶Ĭˡ
ɱ˻ķʽ
߶Ȼӵ
ֶο˵̫ˣ򵥵ôҶȫû뵽
ֶȫûκη֮±һḶ́ҸоԼؿڶһ
һ֣ǲ˹Ҳô׾ɱ˰ɣ
ʳ⡣
˵ǾͲ֪˰ɣǺеһ͵Ĵ󵶣Ʒѣ
̫˰ɣ
һʮĸȫûзͱնɱˣ
Ǻ᲻֧ӷ𹥻أ
治˵ˣ֧ҲǿִӳɽĹϵһǧˣ΢ǺĹϵҲһǧ˵ľӣȻǺǧ˵ľӣӵ˸ûʵ
żس淢飬رǶ˺ҵĹӸ磬һȫµĿ
Сȫˣɱϰ
ǣΪһʱȴΪǶӪвˡ
ھ棬ԵúǵȻûдְѸƾֱӱʾ˴Ҹְ˼
ʵҲԼ뷨Щ˶ǸˣǼͥƾǻ˹ǵļˣǰͲԼء
ȻƾǾֻԼˡ
˭Ҳ֪ʲôѾеЩһĽнľ̸֮
ɵǶеȵĲ⣬ڲ²顣
Ȼնɱֶ٣ǣƭֶκסǧӰ
֪˶ףֻһûõ۹ȨûֿնɱнȨֻҪھд˴ͷĻֽһҡ
ӳʱͬ˾ľǵʾʱµںӶһȥӪʿʿ
ǵ棬ʱʤѡ
˸󷨵о棬ԭͳ֧ӵĽϣĿͶǸսֶٵʮڽϡ
˹ֶӳܹӵ۹ܺã
Եúеشվ˹΢Ц˵һ䡣
˹ʶͰԼķֲ˳
ҶźǿĽģҶʲôΪ
˹ӣ΢ЦҸ˧֪ģֻҪߣһΪߣλΪǲܡ
˵ʱжһַɵζ
ͼҲ֪Լʱ˹ֽ䱸֮ʧ
ͻȻһѵƤͳ˹ּ˳ȥ


˹ֻĴ󵶣û뵽һѴŸԵƤԼй
˹ַԼ˲뵽һУҲ·г˵ľܹԼĶ
ˣ
У˹֪ԼͲˡ
ڵƤԼһףվ￴ڵ˹ֵӣֵúǵȻ
һĽ̸ĿľҪôҷɾ裬ѵʰЩиֵʱˡ
İ
ԼǼף˹ֲҪˣΪԼ϶Ҫɱʹ
ʱǷ룬һָ͵ס˶ԷѨλȻƾͰ˹ֵͷϡ

֪ԷʮˣԷڣԼ͸Ƶסڲֶΰ˹ֵĵ֮ٷס˶Էĵһʵʩͱ˿ܡ
ܿ죬Ƕ˹ֵ˿ơ
ʱУڿ˹Ŀǰľеһ֮˹ֳȥ˵ס˾Ժ˹ְѾеЩһĴ˽
˹ְ˶Էʵʩ
ſƵԽԽ࣬оվ˽졣
˹֣ڿʼݴӳְλһ¾ϵ飬þγս
һܵ˿Ƶ˹֣ɴе齻
齻˹֮˳ȥ
һӪ棬Ҳһķչ
ɱһӳǳŶԷ⣬ɱӳǾͲôףԼֳʱƤս
Щ̫ð찡
ڴҶȡʱ䣬żӳڴ͵·ˣҪ죬⼫سƾͽ޴ת䣬ԣֻʱסسǡ
үм棬˵ӳڻ棬žоֶԸǵ飡
һæʵ֪ʲôط𣿡
˵ĶԷԣĵصڳ¥
ϣ
ͻȻ뷨ˣԺƵ˭˶˵ұչˣ
ںƴӦһ֮һƤȻŴӪ֮ȥ
Ƥȫչû߶ǲεԦеƶܿ죬¥
ԶԶȥȻͼ¥ʮĸ֡
ǵĶԷԭ˶¶ΣԱԼ¿Լ
Ҳڽ䱸ŶԷ
ӳò֮һؾ֮·ϡ
ʱȥûãһ֮Ǳ˿ֵӡ
򣡡
΢һ˸ոյʱȫһֵӳȥˣһѴ󹭣˲ʱ䳯΢¾ϰ֧ʸ
ÿһ֧ʸǿݵƿա
ʸʱǰÿһ֧ʸ϶һԵƤǼʸҲһӣĹȫЩƤˡ
ӳ
ʸĶһ
ЦУǴ󹭸ļʸ
ݡ
ʸȺУ֮Ǿ޴ıը
ǿ֣
ˣˣ
΢µ⻤ӽ΢»棬ٿ΢ʱֻ΢ʱǱһ֧ʸըһȶˡ
֪ܹľЩˣһԼжҪչˡ
뵽΢ڵǴӪȥ
ȫעƴԦշˡ
һ߷Уһ߿ñ΢µӡ


40 Ҿֳ
Ǵӳ
쿪Ӫţ
ʱװ΢Ѫ˿ȥܲҵӡ
ӳôˣ
һЩΧ
Ͼӣ
һӪʣʹһ
ҿӣȫ֪ʲô飬ȫֱֳܻӣӺܿͼ
ӳ
н첻ؿ
ͻȻҲ𹥻ȥȫѣֵǣҪΪ߱𰡣
ܴϯ˵ôȫˡ
ȫҹִӪ
ӳɰ
һ컹˵ʲô
ۡ
һͰͷ­ˡ
һΪ˾һս𰡣
Ǳɱˣûٸҷ
ΪѵĵǱ𣡡
ִ
֮նɱؽɱˣ
Ƿɳͷ­ߣ
һŵգְһɱˣټϴ־Ȼ͵Ϯ΢µľӣȫߡ
Ϊѵֵܱ𰡣
ǰ棬һǧƳ
ƿ΢¿ܻ·ߣһΣȻͳ嵽˿ֵĴӪ
ֵǣɱ
ֵĴӪһȾͳ˽ȥ
ʱĿִӪû뵽һ֧ӻͻȻ򣬼Ͻ뿪ˣҲԵ÷ɡ
ʾ׾͹˴Ӫս˲չ
ָͲ֪΢֮ûϻԼľӪʱһŮ˺Ⱦơ
Լǰ;̫ɽŵˣֻҪԼƿسǣԼˣ
һ뵽ֵһӸ˺Ů˵·ŮˣҪչ

һ󺰣ŵÿһǻ˲ʧȥ
һ߿ǵţ־ŭĿֱˡ
ʱĿִӪս죬ûָӵĿִӪûжٵķŵľһٹ롣
ܿ죬ֵľӪȫˡ
ȼգɱ춯أҽ鲼Ӫ
һǧӣʱȫɱһ
΢´ӪЩĿȷҪΪԼֵǱʿܸߣɱҲ׺
ǿֵľӱһЩȫ֪ʲô飬սֻΪ˱ƴɱ
ϵȫսǣӪȫˡ
ɱ
Ĵ󵶷ɣĽûĶ֡
ɱüҵʱ΢һӻҲص˴Ӫ
أ
һ˴Ӫ΢¾Щɵˡ
ӳ
ӪļʮȻǶһȵ΢£һԼ۾
˵ǵľأ
΢¸еˣ
Ӿĸʧȥ˾ӣ֪ԼһҲǣһۿտյĴӪ΢µһӻ
ӳȥ򿨷ֵľȥ𣿡

΢һ󷢴ȫû뵽鷢
ˣ
΢´һԦն𣬳ǿ־Ӫķͳ˹ȥ
ȻһȣӰԦա
΢򿨷ֵľӪʱҲӵϢ
ʲô΢ʾϮҵĴӪ
һⱨ棬ŭɣȫû뵽΢Լ̸ȴȥ͵ϮԼĴӪ
һž߷ǰʿ֪ˡ
뵽Լʿڼսʱнæ·˾ԼĴӪԦնȥ
ֵǣ𰡣
նɱ˼־ӵĽ졣
ͻȻʶдһ־ʾ
ˣ
Ȼһֱնɱȴǲͣ̽·΢˵һӾ̽鵽ˡ
ɱ
һͳһʡ
֪沢ûи֣ɱļʿݳһʿӣѶԷķװϣȻһ뿪Ӫ
һƬң뿪ҵĵط˵Ͳ⡣
ֻ˷ˣʿȻڷƴɱš

Ԧն΢¿һƬңѷѽʿ˶סˡ
ǿУ΢ȫŪΪʲôᷢ顣
ȥʱǿֵľԾǱԼѹڴ
ЩҲǷ벻Ϊλᷢ顣
﷢ʱǿҲˡ
һԼӪǲ״һ̧ͷͿǿе΢¡
֮£Ҳû룬һ΢¾Ҫƴˡ
ִĽҲˣͬɱ˹ȥ
ڿֵ뷨УԾ΢ΪԼһǧۿһ룬ȥΨһĽ־Լȫ⡣
㣡
΢һʱȴǷԼôҲãˣн͵Ŀܣ
ٿǿڵӣзֻ࣬ӭȥ
ʱǻָԭӻص˶Ӫ
ͻȻ֣˹һȭӪϣ
ϣ
ܿ죬ǧཫʿվǰ
ЩͳĽ쿴˿ģЩҪ춼ѱԼʩչ˿ˣָ֧Ѿȫû⡣

֧ȫˣͲؽٶĻһУžӾֱǿֵľӪ
ûеȫɱ
˹֣ʾΧȥһȫȺľӣ
ʶ̽ľʧأԼʾ˵ʱ
˹ִӦһʾͳȥ
ʱȴǺӣЩԱҳ壡
ЩһѷѽĿִӪȫһ󲻽ˣ֧ʲôôʹˣ
ȻǣҶ֪ڶԴ˵һѷĻᣬȻŹˣͳȥ
ʱ΢ǿָոӲƴһС
Ѫˮ˵΢¸Ͳǿֶ֡
ǿҲù΢ƴƵķҲܵˡ
ƴˣ
ԼľѾִܵһ΢ֳȥ
ٴλһ֮󣬾ͼǳ˵ǰ
㣡
΢ˣһۿʾĺʱѾˡ
ָ΢˵ʲôʱĴһӣһʧȥ΢µͷ­
Ŵ󵶣ͬϢȵĿ֡
ӣ

֪Լ군ˣһĺ֮ӿ˳
ֵڲŷԼС˺ҵӸ硣
ͷԼľʱǲԼľӣ΢µľľӹͶ
㣡
ҲʱҲӦ˹һвŵӦþӸ簡
ſִ󲽶ȥһƽӦ׼
˵⻰дһӡ
һѪˮǿͬҲȥ
վǿУԼľнЩģ֪⼫سѾ䵽Լˡ


41 Ȩ
үͼŮʯʮ򡭡
Ůլһʯ򡭡
ӼͼƷŮʯʮ򡭡

ʱǳ˷ܵţҲû뵽һֽ
ĹúһΰĸоԼүҲ̫ţˣȻİѼسˣѾҲˣ
һ߱ţһ߻ź
־ӪһսسǵľȫյУʱ⼫سǿȨ
һսȫǵ˵𶯷ǳΪ֧ӸԲͳһӶѣǣһĹƾͷôת䡣
е棬ȫնɱʱҶľηиǿˡ
õϢ֮˾ûͣ
̫ˣ
뵽ôǿƣǺҵĹʱĻύú͵Ҳʼʱһұһ͵ء
ϴʾ˶Ů˵ӰθŮȫѡǵŮ͡
ôŮʱԸ̾ûˣôŮ˱²Ԩ
Լ·кܳ
һļս־ҲԽӲе¶ԽԽ١
Ů˱һŮӰɣ
ôŮ͵ԼĸҲ֪ԼԼ޷뿪Ԩ۹ЩŮ˾Ƿ뿪ҲǱץסˣ͸Լܻһ
Լү˵Ʋе⣬ү˱һ竣ʲô鶼⡣
үȫʯ
ƵһװʯĴ
ж٣
үڻţӦûв٣øһǧ򡣡
˹ȥЦүôǮڸҲܵõУ˴ĵҩݵȶø㡣
⼫سĹǹȻǮ
һֳЩҵĳ嶯
ǻûϢ
ѾˣүﻹûϢ
΢΢ͷԼĺճھ˵Ҳһˣ治֪Ƕ﷢ᳳʲôӡ
һɱôľԱСҲɴˣ
ͲЩ顣
ƣ㸺⣬ЩŮӾͽǻǱɡ
ȥЩˣǿˣֻҪȨƣԼǲȥǣҲԼû취
˹ֵڹͲĳ⣬ко˴Ȼ͸ûˡ
ʵҪģ
ⳡսԼΪѾͻƵʱҪȥչһ

ǡ
ͼǷݸոմı棬۾ֿһС
̧ͷһ߲£ͼɻⱨʵģ
Ԫ˧Ѿȷˣүȷı˼سǵĻļسǾѾүˡ
õⱨ棬߲ĸҲ⣬һʱͽȷϡ
һϣͼЦ
Цһ󣬺ͼãã
ĸˣǶ֪ǲݰǸûǰ;ˣһŮ˵ɫǣ˭뵽ڼسǾȻ޵ı֣ǴǺ顣
˷ܹ󣬺ͼɫҲʵɽʲô
˵ɱˣɽﵽûʲôϢ
ͼмӸĶ򣡡
˳ȥͼֿ˿Ƿݱ棬¶ЦݣԼĶӶôɲģû뵽ƽʱôĺȻôõı֡
سڿ˶ӵУǿ԰ȡһ¼سˣ
һ󣬴ˣ
վԼǰͷͼϵسǣȷϺݣ

ʹ
Ԩ۹ʵ۲̫ҲڿŴı档
֮ɻؿ಼ˮǺʲôһˣ
Ȼ֪ͼôһӽк̫ȴǲ
ˮ¶˸ӵı£˵ҵĹӸ磬ھǱΪĺ֮һԺζʲôУУûŴԪ˧츳˵һݰ
ݰ
ָָ̫Ƿݱ档
˭˵ǲݰݰܹŪô飿
ʱǲˮҲЩˡ
£Ǻھʱȷ˽⵽ھǾһˣҪкԪ˧ͳˣαŪ˾ȥҲΪ̫ˣ
̫ھЩˣ˵ˣͼôһӣ˵ǰҹҵĹʲôˣ
ˮЦЦȻû飬Ҳ˯һˣ
̫ھһֵСӹȻӴ󣡡
̫飬ˮԵøСҹΪ²ͼƴˣͼû취ŰǶ͵ǰĵطû뵽Ȼ飡
̫ڿˮεΪӦ֮нˮȡʤģ᲻ҲǼٵģ
ǻʵۣһʱ뵽һؼ
ˮҲɹҲ֪ģ粢һѵ飬ȫıҲܹģǣһǾ޷ģǾʶĸı䣡
̫Ҳ֣Ȼ֪£΢΢ͷ˵öԣݲѣǣʶǾԸı䲻˵ģСǼðˣͲܸڳںң
ǵģͬĴ壬Ϊ˱ʲôģӵ뿪ʱӡһЩйؼļ䣬ַӡֶΣͲܽÿҲֻԼ˲ܹ⿪ӡͷҲȻķӡ
̫ٴεͷ˵ǣôı䣬ЩӡļǲҲģǷٵģֻҪȥһܹ֪
ɳԱȥˣ
ǵģͼѺҵĹȥ˶ǽ۷ĸ֣ӦþǶԺʶзӡˣֻҪһ飬ݾˡ
̫ڳ˼һɣҵȷ֮˵
ˮ˵ǣ
ȷݣΪǷӦýλس
£ںûǰسѳ˼ˣ
ˮ֪ԼֻҪ¾ˡ
Ȼ̫ڵֳζ֮飬΢΢ͷСǲ
£һ飬ǰҹΪǲݰںƿһǣҹ̬ȿҲıˣ
Ŷ
̫ڵٴһЩı仯
ȹ۲Űɣ
˵⻰̫ڵɫһ˵սԽԽˣ׼ûУ
ر£ϴδʹ֮Ǿ½裬ӵû⣬ǣԱĴ;Щ̫ð죬ֻССӵĴ͡
βٳ⣬ٳ⣬Ǿûоӿɳȥˣ
Ųˮ˳ȥ̫ڵɫÿֻ֪ڼ£۹һֱ֣̫ˡ


42 ͻ
ڷ棬ȫѱһϢڲͣɢâ
ϷĲֱ֮ͬ
еͻȻȫһ߲֮ͼ˫Ƶˣͬʵʡ
ܿģƽϢٴȥ
ʮ㣡
š
ͻˣ
εͻƣоԼȫ̲ŵĻɱ
ٿʱҲѷ˺ܴı仯˲ֹһһɽӡ
ȫµĴѨͬҲһЩչ洢ࡣ
ǰֻµĲλתڴѨҲ˱仯ѨͬҲԳһϵƵģͬҲת
е΢ı仯ʱһԼڶĹһЩµĸ
̫֮
ٴγ뵽˹С
ʱһȥֻ֮ŵӻնǴĻ类סƵ롣
ƻãƻ棡
ĵڷһֱ仯
ӴǶľء
ٴ۾ʱ¶Цݡ
Լ̫飬̫֮пκԼ
ӦþϷһ㹦ķ򰡣
ڵĵȻֻһӰǣӵϢ룬һоͱÿ
ʱоԼȫٴδֵ졣
֮ͣ
ʱǿѹ飬Ȼٴεĵúܣʱõɡ
㣡
һθȻҲƽһˣ
ʱѾûκεľϲԼϷһ̵ֹ֪һĹսǿޱȡ
һԼĸԼװĺɴΪҲһ㣬װ˲ӡ
үͻˣ
۾һһ۾Ϳ˲
ţͻˣ
ЦЦ˵
죬үԡ
ƴš
źƵĴУͼĸŮū˽
һۿȥǻǱ֮⣬Ůū
Щһ˾Ȼ
ЦЦүǵļңеĳΪūŮţͼ־͸үġ
ͼ־
ǸԼҲǽõĹӵܡ
Щӵܵ۾ҲȻԼŮźøС
ȥʱֽûǳ֮ѾһЩı䣬ԵóĬࡣ

үū
и̾һǸװƺڷϵŵĳŮȻ䵽ⲽء
ɣڿʼңҰǵȫҶųȥ㿴ô
سȫһ˵㣬Ů䵽³ϣһĻĵŮ˸Լ
Ȼˣʩչǿ϶ģǣ˵Ļʩչ˿֮ҳ϶Ȼߣǽ⿪˿ŮҲᱳˡ
Ȼһ˵͹ȥģĸˣɢ
ŮȴҲһˣ
ͿһۺƵȥ°ɡ
ƴѧһЩү飬סүĶ顣
˳ȥ
ٿһŮʱһۿŮȻˡ
һŮӣȫ³վȴҲֵúСĵӡ
ŮӣǻˣݿŮ
ǱūǼˣѾѧ˷˵Ļ
óŮ˫üȴҲǴ
ȻԨУŮʲôҲ̫ˣԼһҪܶ࣬ȻҲҪҳϵˡ
ͿŮӵˣ
Уԡɡ
ȫţǽˮС
ոͻˣﶯвûг֣ԵúǷɡ
˫ϲͣĴ궯ţ۾ʱһ۾Ϳݿɬӡ
ʱݿͬҲȫţһۿȥŮӵȫۺϸ壬ŲǼͦĵطջ
ôΪŮūģ
Щʵ
ѯʣ·һӻ̫Ķݿɫһ䣬ٿ˫۾ʱǺˮ޵ӡ
֪ԼŮӵģ̾һǶѰ
Ǳʱ˵ˣСͱ͵ŮūѵѵɼеŮѵûˣͲ֪ĸ
ԭ
ݿȻûбƴˣŮ˾ִСѵȡ޴ʱļŮūѵһŮūµĹ̫ˡ
һģ
ݼҡ
ݼң
ˣٵĴ嶼ŮūģЩŮū඼ݿ
ڿʼпɣֱˣ
š
ݿʹӦһݣҲݼ֣˺үҲ֪ԼӴ˾үġ
һ£û뵽Ȼ֪ݿŮӵһЩ飬ҲעЩҴϴ֮˳ȥ
ԺӺܴߵһ԰¡
벻׵Ĳˣǰ˵ǳǿôôе׷ʲô飿
һҲһֱ˼飬֮Ҳ˽⵽һЩ飬ÿһ嶼ǣǵǾһԴԴΪǵ˲ŵĵطÿһǶ棬ԴĵطΪ˵ǵһȫûߣ˵һ߼ٵĵطأ

Ȼ˵ǣ
Ҳ֮óĽۡ
ˣ
ʧȥԴԴϵ˲ֱͣΧȥ廹ʲôǰ;
Ҳƣǿٸϵľ۾ӵȥ˽ǣԼԽԽԶˣ治֪ԼҪʲôʱܹع顣
Ȳ衣
ȥŮūվǻǱѾǵĹߡ
óվĸŮͬҲŲݿɫÿһ˵һһһѵĺۼ
һ̾ǵŮūڳֻԼȫųҪߵ·кܳ
ٿһһ绨ŮʱһоԼȻһֿҪԽȥ
ã
֪Լ·ܼѣĳԽŮɫУԼԼıԴˡ
ܿ죬۾һԼŮūˣȥɣ
Ůūȥ˼Ǹٴƽ
Ǹ֮ƽ͸оԼʶ֮һӼ
Ȼ˲ʱչһЩ
үүˣ
ʱǺ˳˽


43 Χ˾
һȥͼͷ֮⣬Ļʮ֡
ʶдǳǿĸӦֵúƽ˹ȥ
λã
ӺѾ֪Ǻҵλǽ۷ĸ֡
ŵк֮Ҳվһȭݼү
˵⻰վӣ˲ȫϢſˡ
ͬǵʮ𵤸ҲͰΧ˵С
ͻȻ£ܻᾪţǣò鵽£Ҳֵúƽӣûκεľš
үүһʱȷݣˣ
ⱾǼӵܵһּҲҲ֪϶һţҲ⣬΢Цλ룡
Ͽûпر˵ɫһ档
һˣͻȻʮ𵤸ΧסܻᾪڿȥʱûκεľҲһ
ֻһͷǰȥóһƵƵĶͷϡ
ϣͷóһĻһԱߡ
Ȼ豸ȴҲǵһοоЩôȫͬԼڵϿС˵еֻ֪磬ȻֿȥǿƼƷĶ
磬ʶõ˼ĸı䡣
Ҳܹ⣬ô꣬߸ʽĶУвܶͷˣ϶һЩţǵܹĶӵŸֶεϣô
ԼļʶȻǳһЩ
ͻȻ뵽ǸŷǰԼעʲôʺţǶһֱûʱȥоҲҲһ˳ԾĶ
ǵóоһǶˣ
ʱͼͷͷһڷһʯִһ
ܿ죬ͼĻгһš
ŵĳ֣ͼĻгͬӰĻ档
һúͷˣһЩȻǵˣҲһЩ
Ӹӵǻеһһζεĳ֣ЩݵĽУǹŷ·Ҳһİ뿪Ƶġ
ҲԼʶаŵһźҷӡĶˣһγɵ󷨣Ҫ⿪ҲֻúеֶһĽҲһֶּܵΡ
ǿȥƽĻͻը
Щ飬˵¶Цݡ
ͷͷϵͷժ
ݼү
ͼͷΪףе˶һȥ
ͨˣ
֪ȷԼݡ
ɡ
߹ȥ
ʱͷԵùһ˵үղŵˣүҪ󡣡
û£Ǽ岻ÿһ¶ҪһԱġ
ҲҪΪԭŪġ
֪ļʽԵüһЩ廹Ĵװ˼ǣֻҪǼǰ߹ЩǶʱɨ衣
ԺصҾ͸ҪСˡ
ſƼ
һָʮ𵤸֣ǹ˵үү֪ȱ֣Ǵʮ˵ԺĻ
ʮ𵤼ĸֿ΢΢ͷүʲô
ү˵ˣүҪľסسǣüس
⽲˻ݵĳ˸
֪ǴѺ͵˼ǹһһǻȥǹۣүᴦ
Ҳν£кɵĹУסӡ
үģǻ
ʱҲķԼΪźܵͣס⼫سǲףͻʩչƤʲôĹֶΣĻݾǱ¶ˣ۷ĹǰվӵĻͲˡ
һЩʲô飬Ҫʱпǡ
Ȼ޷ص۾ӵأҲֻʱˡ
һӢֵĹóһȥƽһĶүүðԽ㡣
һȥǸ߿ƼĲƷ
˸𶯸УͻȻ֣һԵúȽеô
ӹǶԽӢڶԽϷһʯȻ󼤷һװֻ֮һУͼǳ档
ֻȽ
һ̽ʱҲ֪ⶫԭдźţֻҪĵطܹգͬʱ˴֮Ϣͳͨˡ
ȻˣⶫҲܵģҲֻԨ۹ʹã̫ԶĻǲС
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Ӣֶ͹ر
˫ĿƽǸĻҲܹܵǺͼ
ܺãܺãҺͼĶҲЩģǺǣ
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ֿ˿ͼֹЦˣҲˣ˭Ҳҹֲһȥҹ̸һ£ӦûͬŮĻ¡
ʱҲͷйҹŮ飬Ͼһ죬Щû뵽ǳСӾȻھôĻ
Ϊǲ˼ͼȴִЦ
Ц֮˵سǵ鱨ѵ˾ˣڼسǳһĸֳ֣һ֧ؾ·ǳŭڽɳһ֧ӵרŴؾҪѲǸˣǼسҪԵԱϲ飡
⻰Ѵˣ֪ЩؾǴԼƵģһЩˣҲһЩ屻ͷųȥˣЩ棬Ҳǽڣһ֧Ǹûܵס
˰
оЩؾΣˡ
ǰΧ˵ľʲôʱ򵽴ĵʵ
˴սֳӳǵìܣеɾӴһѣҲֻɳһľӣ䱸ĸֵһЩ𵤼ĸ֡
Ҫ𣿡
ЩˣҲսؾûһʤ㡣
һͼȥǱģֻҪ¾ˣھϵ飬ȻɾȥҪ֪سһǣڰᣬڵһҪסĵλҪԻᣬ㲻عܣ
Ԩ۹ڲҲ಻Ϊ֪İ
ӺͼĻ棬Ԩ۹Ҳ̫İ
źƴЩ˳ȥԨһӵЩ˻ܹ


44 ʺſռ
صϥ£ͻȻһַУԼ޷кõİ취Щؾ鼫Ϊ
˼Ҳ޷ƽ
뵽Լῴȥʱ̾Ϣһ
þ޷ƽҲ޷С
һյ󷨣һ۷ĸֱȫˣȫûǰɣ롣
УһҪı
ԼֶζһҲû뵽õİ취뵽ŷǰԼԼϼҲȥ龰
ˣŷǰԼעһʺţģʺЩ֣һֱûʱȥо쵽Ҫʲôݡ
һ뵽£ǸҲࡣ
ŷͷ͸ԼƷкܿҳһƵԣȴǸӾܵĶյʱͷķʽһʯֻ֮ǻУһˡ
̫ˣ
ԾǸ߿ƼĶٴܵ𶯡
翴Լ˽⵽ô򵥰
ⶫͲͬڵϵĵԣһ򿪾һҪʺĵطûݣ޷롣
ͷעһǽʶ
ʶиոðʺŵݺݣѾ˷Ӧ˲䣬͸оԼʶ뵽һռ档
ϴǽ֮˳ˣûע⿴ܵһʱͷԼʶ뵽һȥĿռ䣬ĴͼǰһŻ
Լʶ֮ʶһʵʰĸо·Լ뵽
ԼʶԼӿ˹˲ʱ䣬һѾγɡ
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ڵ壬һʱоԼµͬʵһĴڡ
վЩˣһ뷨𾪡
ѵ˵Ψһ
ֻҪǿ󣬾ʧȥҲܹܣ
ԽǾռ䲢һˡ
˵ǰʺŵĿռ仹̫ӵĻڶһȫµʶ
ȻˣҲףԼµֵӦһĽƾԼڵͣͲ顣
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ȫǿתŵǿͼûпǿͼȥôôľʵС
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ǹâȻͰȫ˹âС
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ԼЩŪԼˣ·Լ͵һµĵطַ·Լֻ
ǹâǰٵƶЩǽŴ͡
ƶͣʱԼǵһɹɵĴ
һǧ½Աһ٣ӵȨޱ䡢סϲ쿴
һǻеͻȻ
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Щȫ뵽ͷ֮ˡ
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ǵõ֪ʶ֪Լʶ뵽һռ档
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⵽һʲôأ
ϸϸԼõ֪ʶ
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֪ʱ͸ӳԾҲ˵ʺһ죬һûκεĽչǾͻԭΡ
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յһ֪ȫҪԲŽ棬һͷ潨â󷨵֪ʶҲӵǿʶֻҪͷʶһЩ΢һͬâ󷨣ʶܹռӡ
һȫ߸ʶ飬֪ԼǷܹ⣬ͳĽҲãƼķչҲã鶼ȫͨ
˵İɣʶһâ󷨣ȻֻҪʶҪ͵ĶסЩƷܹͨһֿռĶԽɡ
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棬Ҳ֪ĴȥʱͿһЩ䳡֮ĵطһİťʱֻһʾˣռҪ֧һĻ֡
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Ѱһ£ҵһܡ
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⣬ﻹһЩʲôĽס
𾪵ĻԱһʱҪСȺʹȣֻдﵽ˱׼ܹ»ǽ
һУͻȻһָо·һӪӪ̭ĻƣԴΪ˴ٳԱ
ٿ˿ǽܵʱгԾˣͬģҲ˵ãԼʵҲһġ
ⶼһʲôĵط
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ȻǴӳĴƷâһţҲܵ׶Լûôֱۡ
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һ£ЩصĶԼҲûʲôôѼسǵĿغЩӽ𵤸ֺϵõĴҲȫۡ

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ôŪٴоһʱͷΨһһȡֵķʽǱ䣬ֻҪ˶־дĻֽ
϶һӪĸһжΧڽУ
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ͿǱĵط˽һ±ݣԼôܹжϳԼʲôһ
ξ͵˽䳡İ
ȷϢ͸оԼ뵽һǳĵط
ǽˣоԼҲΪһڿţʱƴĹš
ٸһܵŲٵ˿ҲͬԼһʶ۲졣
Ѿȥ淢飬еԼĻͱˣȫͬԼ֪еһжôʡ
ʱΪԼ˼ά⡣
ǣȴ֪Լڷǳѣκʱѡ
ĿͶϣȫòǿʶҲ޷ǵʲôĳֻܹǱһ
ܴʩ
ڲ쿴֮һ
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ʤ˲ǧʡ
ԭ飡
ԾСˡ
ͲμӶĲܹôĻ֣һ֪
ʱְѽʱǽ˳ۿһ£ͷֶʺһҪǾǱҪȷﵽ͵ļܹסʺţٶĻ֣ͣڵͼĵطʺҲήֻдﵽνսʿʺŲܹȷ
ֵܹĵط
оԼ˻ٵľܹһŪס


45 ǹؼ
ʱһȥԼ۶ڸı䡣
˳˿ռʱڷ
𾪣ȫû뵽һռ䡣
ǰС˵ΪǴ򶷣ԭʼ̬ȴһȫͬԼ˽⵽չԼǰ
˭˵һ쵽ֻ֪
£оЦ
˭˲ţֶһֲǾ춯صֶΣӵֶΣһĵط
ԼԴӵ֮ӴЩƷҲòϣʵණǴſƼɷݵġ
ܿ죬ҲپЩˣԼõʺǷǳʺš
̳˽⵽֪棬ӵи˵ʺŵҲ࣬ǶźܴףҪõʺӵЩֺܸ˵Ľܹܲ롣
ŷǰԼû˵ˣ
⣬֪һ飬ǾȻӵʺţǣڻֵѵãջʧȥʺţһʧȥʺʱйռеʶᱻǿռĨȥ
ѹ־Ҳûж֪ռ飡
⣬֪ʵþǻȡƷӶٵ
˷ʮʼ״̬һÿһһۺϿԵḶֻ́ҪԼΪﵽʸ񣬽һĻ־ͿԲһΣﵽ׼ﲻҲǣ־Ϳ۳
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⣬ҲһĹ涨ðʺ齲κˣйЩʶͻͬɾ
ŷǰʺеûܹԼʺţΪԼƼ˽ҪˣҲν£
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ʮһߵһҲԵķ䡣
ĸöǲΪÿһ˶ܹ˽⵽Լרž͸һ䡣
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ʮĿݾĿÿһĿ嵽֣һֵǵһֵֵǵڶֵİֵǵԴȥ˰ʱļԺÿһҪһȥ
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һһνҪĻһ٣˵˽֮ȡֲףԣ˲äĿĲμӱµľһ˵ĻԼĻһ꣬˺žͻԭΡ
ԼڻֵʱеǼȵķɣԼĻֺܶ࣬ҲǿԱεġ
ˣԼȽһ²С
뵽ߵμӱĵط
һı֮ͿԼĻǱ۵һٷ֡
ǻֵĿ۳ͱ͵һĿռ档
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ŮУһȥŮˡ
һ䲻ʶҲû˵һ˵һǰ˲ԡ
һԹ۲ţǱͽһռ棬Դ֮Ǹռ˼֣ȻΧ
һ׹ֱʵȫλĽп죬Ⱦеһ˱Ҫʶܹܣʶﲻ׼˸ʹжҲ᲻ϸ
һ˾ҪĴˣʶǶãҪǿС
УÿһεĹȫ趨˵Ķ׼Ĳ²⣬ҲΪ
˵ĹĺǿǣʶԱĹҲǷǳǿȫΪÿһȭͷʱ˶ɫһ䡣
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ˣ
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֪˵Ѿ㣬ӦʧܣȥʱʶйһҲĨȥ
ͷӴ֮󽫲֪һطˣ
ͷҲľԼȻӵôĻ֣ǣܹٵĻȻźܴ⣬⼶ⲻð


46 ɹ
ʱУöϳӦöˣҲ٣ۿţϳ˳ʧ֮⣬ļ˳ء
мʧܵ˲ûбߣ֪ǿ϶Ż֣Żᡣ
˳˶û뿪ԵúǷɵ￴ź˱
ѱɣҲоͽ뵽ǿռ档
һ֮ȫ䱸ţ֪ο϶ҲһйԣҲԼȻʶȫĵ
˵εǳؼʺǷܹ⡣
Ȼ֮ĸ־ͳˡ
˲˵ʲôȻģ־ͳȫŹ
Ϳ˴򶷵ʵѲˣԼԹһΣֿǵĴʵ棬Ͳˡ
򣡡
ȫչ
ͲҲܣȫǿĶײ
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ڼεĹ֮˾Ȼһȭ˻ȥ
ڻɱԱվһ֡
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ˣ
ûмĴ򶷣Ȱһ͵ĸִžͰһʶĸҲˣĴ򶷾ں̵ܶʱɣվŵսǳԾˣǴģô
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ĳı仯濴Ǿ͸гԾˣ˴ʲôѵ˵׼
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һҪһٻ֣ӶҪٻ֣
ҲŪˣÿһʱҪĻ־ͻǳˡ
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ۿһɫˣ̫ˣסеһˡ
ô£һʱͿһʶֻ֣˵ʶΪЩ˵ĺü
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ԾĴǵ͵ĸֻӳ
Ȼ͵ĸ֣Ҫͱ
һ˸Ѩѭṩ˲Ͱ͵ĸִʧȥ˻֮
ڴҶûķӦʱ͵ĸֱһͷ­ܿʧ
ɱһ֮ǿסʶ֣ͬû̫ͬǸʶ˫޵ĸֻɱ
ɱǸֱֺһѿסҲͷ­
˳ˣ
Լִ򶷵࣬һԼĲ²⣬Ȼȡ˳ɹ
ɹ
ǿռгһʾ
ʾҲûֱͣѡ뿪˾ʹռгˡ
ҲûеЩǰϵٶ뿪ռ䡣
˳ǿռ䣬ʱ¶Цݣ̫˳ˣ˳һֲʵĸоǱסʺţԼסʺѾȫûⲻ˵ǶעҲǳĿɹۣ뵽ԼѺڶ֪ԼڵʺҲʮڡ


47 ū
ٴνʱ˽һûʲôܿԼΪֶΣԱԨ˴ʱܹЩԼŵľӡ
һ룬һʾˡ
ʮڶĽѵʣ
ڶʮڣ
һʱȻǰڷʮ档
һôǮˣǮԼҲúõĲɹһˡ
һԼоԼҪľһֹ
һֱԼĴ̫һˣе϶ǲеġ
뵽͵㿪Ǵһǽ뵽档
ǣ뵽֮ŷ֣ҲǴȨ޵⣬ֻȨ޾ֻܹȨܹݣƷҲԵࡣ
һûҵԼҪĹ̾һ¿ʱҲֻˡ
ǣۿЩӾͽﲻˣо̫Ĳ̡
ĴͿһҪУʮöң뵽档
һͷǷǳİȫÿһһ䣬ֻԺÿһˡ
һʱȴҲͬûпԼҪĶ
ʧʱʦһɱھУһصܹΪɱǹõĴʱһЩ߼ֶΣֻҪʶ󷨾ܹԶС
ʦ󷨵ĸֹãҲ󷨶ԼǷõ顣
˽֮Ķˣ־ɱ󷨶ԼǷǳõ󷨣ЩԼӵؾ󷨣ǵĻࡣ
뵽˹󷨵뷨
߱ʾֻҪ󷨣󷨵Ҳͣѵð
⻰һ˵͸оյ
ʱҲп󷨣ܹѧţѵõĻᡣ
Ҳ֪Ǵʲô뷨
Ȼ̫˵뷨ǣ׵ģ̫ѵˡ
ڿʼļһڣÿμӼһǧҡ
ʦǮͿʼˡ
ԾˣôҲû뵽ôߵļǮ
ֻ˲ҲŻ
Ǽţʱֻʣ
ù
ЦһΪԼǮˣû뵽ԼǮ˶ȥˡ
ڵǧʱǸͣ
ҧҧڵĸ߼ۡ

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ͿǸ˵ķ
ڹһҲûκεıʾհ󷨺󷨵ȫ
뵽һ󷨾ͻԼʱҡͷѣΪЩˣԼҲֻˡ
õ˳
棬Լһ֮˳ȥ
лˣ
ոճȥͿһӹǰ
ȥʱͿǸм֮ӡ
ɡ
ҲһЩүƣ߹ȥ
ʱһŮװƣǲڼ˵õ˽֮󿴵ϣҲõԭ˵ľòҲΪתȥĵúܡ
лˡ
˶ȳˣ
лˣȳˡ
΢΢ͷǾͺá
ʱ߹ȥվ
˽Щ˾ӵͿƵڳôˣ
үλ֮ǿԳԱΣسѾȶ
Щҵľʲô
ƵүڵҾӴţ̫ĸūͶ˽⣬Ѿչˡ
ҲеЩԾû뵽Ǿӷչô졣
ʵҲף֧ӴԼţԼˣǿܸûͶԼ£ֻǽԼһѡ
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ʱǽкɵĹҡͷүʵЩڵ̫ãȻΪǣ뵽˺ü֮ھʮΪ˽⣬˭Ҳ˭
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˵Ǵţǣ֪һֱûгֹڳеһϣ֮⣬˲û뷨ǴŶѡ
ЩԾˣɵҲ鱨Դ㣬ȻһЩ鶼˽⵽ˡ
Щ崫
ǵģ廹Щʵġ
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˵ˣЩ˼Ȼڵ˵ಿλӦУɢûκεսʧǱȻġ
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һ£ԨӵôˣǲǳӶѣ
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Ԩǿиˣ
оһ˷֮飬Ԩսͻϣ
Ȼˣȴһ飬ʵ˧ڼس齨һ֧ūӣ֪ܲ
ͼʲôūӣ
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ͼԾˣ˵ģ
Ҫ֪˵ȷĹлһЩ죬ǣҲ̫ˣһڵ˾ȻӵнڵʶǾˡ
ͼߣѰ˸˳ȥеòǲһ£ҿ
ͳ׼õĲǣֻǲһʱȻʶѴﵽ˽ڡ
ͼ˫۷Ź̫ˣһ˿ҲƲ˾ӣʶٰʶ㣬Ӧþӵ˽ľʱǿƽ𵤸Ҳûˡܺããڼسǽһ֧ū


48 ͼͬҰ
㵽ȥʩŸ󷨣
ͼͻȻһ˵һ䡣
Ȼ֪ͼҪ˵ʲôǺ߽ܿ䣬ĸ󷨡
ͼһֱЩ飬ЩѾ֮󣬺ͼ㵽ɳܿ죬ȻЩ㵽ǿһˡ
ԼӣͼҲ֪˵ʲôźˣΪӾһݰû뵽Ǿݰжеһһǡ
뵽½컹רڳͥһͼǳϲá
˧뽲
ǰ˺ͼĶӣȻҲƺˣŪҲЩȻ
ãԨƺǿǣѾ˷ǳΣյĹͷˣ̫ڻʵԪӤ۷̫ʱ䣬ӿ쵽ˣ
һЩ׹Ԩ۹һֱŲ̫ԪӤ۷ţԨһֱڶʢ״̬ʧȥ˲̫ڣԨ۹ؽ⡣
޷һ٣
ʵ
ҡҡͷͼ̸̾ף
ҲԼˡ
֪̫ڻʵΪμϸ˿ս
⵱Ȼ֪飬Ͳ֪
˵һ󻰣ͿϵһʯѾˣæַһ顣
ͨѶʽôʯⶫռԭԽǾԶĵʯԽࡣ
ӫڤǿ壡
ͼ·ڳ˼ַ·ڻ˵
оܻ֪ˣþ
ͼԽһЩ齲ԼĶҲſڽ
̫ǿˣǿһֱѹӫڤϵĸ壡ǣ۰ǰͬӵϽ紫⣬Ҫչ
ǳԾˡ
磬Ҳ֪˲ٵ飬ӫڤʵƬеһʺĴǴ߲ôֶƵһŴǣϵĸʵӫڤǵԭ壬ҸԶԼǣǾǵ
ôҵǲͬҵǶͨȴǲûֱӵֻͨͨһЩ̫ȶĴ󣿡
ͼ⻰̫ĪζһؼǰڸõϽĴ֮ʱһնϣӴ֮ȥǵǴҲֻǵֻͣǳ֮Ҳֻﵽ֮ˡ
ǾĴˣ
ҲûϵɣǿӵԴԴϵ˲Դͣ
ͼЦʲôӦһִҲһܵͨʧȥǴӴ˾ʧȥܵĹӦһûܣôھһǣһżݾǣ

ʱˣȫû뵽ߵﾹȻһ
ͼ˵Щ㲻׵ģһʧȥܣڲһЩǣкľһ죬ֻҪЩܺľͽ˵Ҳˣ
˧ѵ֪£
֪Σ߱𿴺ǿǿҲ޷Ѿˣ弸ǧǰһЩϵߵȴԽԽˣû˵ˣʧȥ˸ԴǵҲǾˣ
ѵϽ緢˴ˣ
뵽һؼ
κͼȴҡҡͷ˭֪浽׷ʲô飬Ͻ緢ʲô飬Ǹ˵Ǻ£ѹ̫ˣһᣬһĻᣡ
뵽˸ղźͼ˵Ĳ̫飬оп϶Ų̫ڵ뷨ʵʲôϵ
ͼͲˣΪһӫڤϵ壬֮ǰǿ壬ǵǿ߽Ͻķǳ࣬Ͻϵ͸ˣǵӵ̫ྪ춯صĹԪӤҪͻƣǾҪЩˣõĹ¾ͺпܸһ
ԭ飡
ǰ̫ĸ֣ôûˣ
һʡ
һЦͼǰϽӫڤǽһ٣ԪӤȫϽ磡
ͼǺӣЩˣǿǿڸڶ࣬һ֮ԪӤϵĸֶ뿪ˣǰԺ³ֵԪӤ֣ڶȣȻռˡ
ԭȻԪӤ֣ĳͻУҲٰɣ
ҲµԪӤֲǿе̣ҲܲסҵΧһԪӤֱȻҵʧҲֵܴõģҲ˴һսʱˣֻҪĵͽ壡
ͼĻ˵亹ֱðȫû뵽鷢ϣȫǴϵµһıһҪı
ô죿
ǰΪ²ԨϼΧѣڲ׹ôļ򵥣Ͻ綼뵽ˡ
ת䣬һʣʵȻǿֱӵϽģ̫ͻƲ˵ĻֱӵϽ粻Ǿˣ
ͼҡͷЩͲ֪ˣϽлԵַʽһ־Ǵ֮Ȼһ־ҪͨһͨȥͨѺѣҲû̫ͨӦҲûգ
뵽Լʺſռ䣬оǾͨ
Уһ磬εͻҲǱģʱδͻǲΣҲҪģ
ԭѹֲ̫Ҳôˡ
ӣͼһһҪȥū뽨һü崫ʶ㣬Ƕʶͻǿ󣬿ƽ𵤸־ͱ˿ܣ
˵ͼĿ͸һĪζҲǣ
ǲǺҵĹ𣿡
һͼǲǼҵˣǱ˰ģڼسǵ°ңôǿʶǾ͸ıһˣűİǲע⣬ֱǿˣ
ǽ۷尡ڵʶʵܹƽ۷壬Ǳֳһ⡣
һЦͼʶΪͬģеΪߣһʶǿ˵ʶֻнӣʶ㹻Ըˣ
ʱ͸оͼҲԼ뷨ˡ
¶˵һ֮ϲˣΪĵɣڵõ˺ͼ֮ͷˡ
Ǽ˶ˣһԼ⼫سǾ͸ӷˣ


49 ؾ
Щؾפأ
һͶؾ棬Ĵȥ
ԦѲߵ֣һЩͣš
һЩûоסͷڵš
ĹŴɽһǳؾפ֮ء
ĹŴɽһԨܿɲĵطȻγ󷨣඾ᤣޱ鲼ȫһ˸ڵĵط
ӣԨľҲе档
ûطӣЩӼسǺʹӳӳ˶㼯
ȻΣգڸҲ٣Ҳ԰ȫ
ȴ˲ֹۣʶ̽һ£ΪҲͽӣʮ𵤸֣һЩ߹ƾԼʮ߶򲻹ҪӭսԨʧܵǱȻˡ
ҡͷһ֧ҵľӣôԨĶ֣Ԩʱؾˣ
˺ͼֵõʶûʲôʮ𵤸ֺȫʩչ˿
ѳ齻˺ƺ֮ڱչأȻһչ뿪˼سǣ·һҪͶؾˣ
ϵܣͰȫˣ
һһĸָ̾һ
磬ôԶҲǲװ
˽нΰҲһˬ֮ˡ
ȥһ£ôŵģϢһ󡣡
˵껰һвڵĵط˹ȥ
һľ˵ϡ
ͬʮΪû
һ鸴ӵǣ֪ǵġ
Ҳǵ뷨Ȼܵˣǣǰ;ʲô˭ҲŪ
˵һӪ˵һӪвٴӼسķݷ֮Ķ˳ڷи¥ͬҲһЩСƽľһЩʱļªӡ
˸ʹƵķݣЩݺҷԵЩˡ
ûһᣬǽΰǸ˵ĻˣЦǷֵһСԺڿסˡ
˵䣬ΰŴҾһƽأȻһƺõСԺ
ļǳһǳªСԺ
һʱͼСԺҲһŲٷݵԺӣٿסʮˡ
ŶʮˣҲͶʮˣպùס
Ҹסһ䡣
Ⱥ˷䣬ΰѴټһﵽҪеģϵǽĽ쿪ʼǾ͹ˡ
磬Ůôţ
ͬУŮҲʻŮӽģһƯŮӣΪ˵֮ǰһԨСŮū
ǲû˵ĺˣ˶ܵ
Ǹյģ
˵䣬ͼԱ˹
һۿȥÿһ˶һɱ¶
ΰæǰǣ
ˣӪĽʿ˵˼ŮˣҪ֮ˣ߰ɡ
˵⣬·Ů˶ΪΪ˼
ȫû뵽νؾһ֧ӡ
⻰üˣЩ˻ûŪһãȻͿʼھаŮˡ
ٿҲ֪ȥˣȥҪԨԼڲҪѾŪ塣
뵽ôɢҵһ֧ӽһ֧ԨսѾܹս֮Щ˱һյ
һ뵽ôͶԼµ˶ȥʱסˡ
Ͷģ
ΰ˵
֪ͶӱǣҲҪɣ
˺ν
ǲͬأ
ʱʵ
һΪ׵һӳƵǿԶ뿪û˭ǵ
˵һ۾Ϳģȫ۾һ
ŮӸߣ
Ϊ׵һָģ˫гŵȫһɫ֮⡣
һҲ˽ΰŮˣΰŮҲ߲ˣߣȥҲһٸ˶˵úܡ
磬ҪŮӣŮ˾͹Ұɣ
ָ˾ҪŪߣǰͶʮȫŭˡ
ΰŭˣû뵽ԼǧһԼŮ˶Ҫٴζˡ
˭ңΰóһ˳ǹŭЩˡ
ߣΪӦģߣ
̫ˣ
Ҳˣһ֧ľҪԣӾͷˣҪȻҲô黹û˹ѯʡ
ʱǳ˹
ΰȥսһ
Ҳȥ
ܿ죬Žΰ÷˻ЩȥҲõ˵ϣһ˱һնɱڵء
һ˫ʧ˫۵ߣˣؾ
ΪԸЩ˵ǸͲʲô
ؾѵͲǵ
ʱʵ
Ҳ˽һԼЩĿеһʲô
Ϊ׵ĻһЦ˵úãǾؾǵľ䣬ľʮ𵤸ָ𣬾ˣҲҪشҵͲҪ˵ˡ
ˣЩеĸֻ֪ʮ𵤸֣ûа
Լƣȴһ֧аŮľӣҲˡ
Ͷϣõǵıūģˣ
ǿѹŭ˵
ΰ˵ʱҲִǹŭӶԷ
Ӵǲ֪ߵغһж
һǴ
˵ˣߣɱ
⻰ŭˣ˱ǼˣҵϣǵõһǣȴǱЩ˻ΪǣаŮ飬ŭϲͲ¡
˭ң
һվ˳ȥ
ҸңҪʲô
ΪҲˣһͬվ˳
ʱɢŵǰĿͶ򣬿óǶǼֲˣһ϶Įúܡ
ܿˣÿԼ
˭ɱ

ǺǣСӻΪԼһˣ
˭
Էһɻؿ

ҲˣԼ˵˳
Ǻǡ
ȫ¿ȫЦ

һӡ
ɱ

һΪߵͷ­
ȻˣǣЩѾˣĴڿʼҪ֧ӣͲˡ
նɱˣȫһǣľӪϿȫǿʶ
Ȼţ˵ﱨ
ǿƣ
Ӫصÿһ˶ܹǺ


50 ǿ

ǻصھӪϿյؾʮʮϵĸȫһ㶡
ʮһһ飬Ҷ̫Ҫ䡣
ҵж͸һָӵ顣
˵ʼʱҶǴţҲΪĻĲϷչԱѾչˣиŴĽ𵤺ĸ֣ʮиǿߣõ浱Ȼġ
涯ģ
ǵûΪ뷨ؾһţһԱŶѡ
䣬һĽʮһͷµѣô˵
µһͬʮһĸ֣һȫ³еˣԷѯʣļ˿ȥʱһ֣ڵľӸͲˣźüˣĸҲֻ壬ʵǿ
⣡
һʱ֮治֪˵ʲôźˡ
ֻһߣ
һˮĽʮ۷һЦ
ûҪ˳֣
һʮһ۷ĸҲ˵
ż˵ķԣһҧײβˣԲܵ϶Ǽðģ
նɱ
ܹնˣ
һˮʮ˵˵һ䡣
ȥͶ֣
ܿ죬ҵǵõͳһ˵һĳ־͵ǰӴָһѹԼͷˡ
뵽ԽԽӴԱѾϣˡ
ǲ֪ʱʶһ˿뵽档
ʼʱЩֿ϶ǲֻҪԼˣЩ˾ͻܿģһҵʱ˫˲ǳɱ
û뵽
ȫû뵽ԼŵЩĿиûаԼһ飬ǵ˼ҪԼնɱˡ
ʱŲٵΧ
ԼԼǸǵǿߣٿǽֻʮΪҵ¶һֳɡ
ʲô˸Ҽðؽ
ʱֻƿ֮ʮǿǳС
ǿһƬգʮʮϵǿһɢơ
䡭
ꡭ
ûзӾסһЩݾǿ±ݻ٣ѹ
һЩ֮˸Ǳѹõ˵ϡ
ǽǿߵƣ
ΰʱһ֮⣬Ҳѹڵء
ؽ
ͬʮ˵棬þһǹѺĵطȳˣһˣһ۾Ϳվʧ;
˭Ҳû뵽ȴʱˣֻһ죬ǸոպؽǱһ׺ݵĽʮһֺɱ
ߣؽôܲһˣ˵
˺ɱ֮ȫٴɢһؾؽľӣκ˵Ҽð·һ
˭Ҽð˭Ҷҡģͬնɱ
һʮһҲš
ȫǽʮһĸ֣һ֮ѹһЩ֪˵˶ٿˡ
ܺã
ʱѾŭˣŭǻŨŨɱ
ն
һ֮ǸնһƤʮ𵤸ּ˳ȥ
ȫֹԵƤ
һ
ļƤȫʮ𵤸档
¡¡
ҵĺȫչȫǵضɽҡĿɲ
Ѿˣеȭͷ

ȭ
ȺдС
ȥ
һʮһĸͬһȭ
úã
ܣӭȭͷͳȥ
֪ǲ
ؿڱԷصĴһȭȭͷͬ˶Էؿڡ
䡭
䡭
ڿռ伤ǿĺմ˻⡣
ȭ
ȭ
ŭֵȭͷһȭȭĴʮһֵؿڡ

ĽʮһֱΪɱ׾٣һֱԼǿ׳ҲԺǰʾһ¡
ǣǿ󣬽ʮһֵȭϸֺ
ڳ˶Էļȭ֮ȭͷһαһңصĺ˶Էϡ
˲ʱ棬ϰȭ˶Էز
ŲҽУٴһȭ֮󣬾ͼǽʮһĸǱڵء
ٿ˵ؿڣؾȻһ󶴡
ʱЩܵƤǺò׵ס˹ÿһ˶ɫ䡣
ͲǴĻᣬٴһƤͼ˳ȥ
ͬĹҲٴνС
ʱҲٴΣǸղŵĽ𵤸ͬ䵹ڵء
ʱڴҵˣûʲôȫƾǿ͵Ŵ
ÿһȭһɽĶԼ𵤸ֲػ
ǲѧã
ǾסĽʮһ죬ȭͷһȭȭĴ˹ȥ
壬ҲޣǺȻռһϯ֮λǣ죬к䲻뷨ˣúõһ־ȻͱŪĲޡ
ʱʹ֮ˣΪһڵˣΪҲֻǽ𵤼ѣϷãҲǴ򼸸һĽ𵤼֣뵽ʮ˶ʱܹǴΧǼ棬ΨһĽ־
ǣʱŷԼǽʮһĸ֣ʱ򣬸ͲصĶ֡
жǿ󣬶̫̬ˡ
֮ԼΪҲһµʶǿͶѾԪӤ֮µˡ
ܹѹЩڴ򣬹ؼһ㻹ЩԼƤȾصش

ʱĽʮһͷһ֮һŵ衣
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˰ķÿһͷγһޣſɭɭȫɵɡ
һҲȥûκεĹâȴôƽǣĴȴǴвͣնɱ
ԽԽ󣬴ľӪƵɳʯȥ
վһԵǸоԼھ֮У˵ĵ԰ɡ

ĺǿзһ֮ͻȻҾһҽС
ҽУǱյĲɢȥˡ
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˿ͷǼɢȥ


51 ս
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еشϢţĽ컥࿴ǵףôؾȨͻ뵽С
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֮Ȼ뵽ؾУؾţʵǶԼ뷨Ǿǽؾչʱȡӵ쵼Ȩ
һֱǰ֣Ҳչ˳ؾвƿţʮ˹ƣԲܹı䣡
Բܹƿ֧ӣ
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ĸɻվûж֮⣬߸Ľ𵤸ַ׷óķ
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鷢չ̶ȣҵƵģ˾ԾǸˮˡ
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ͲŹˣһգ˫ȭѳЩ˺ȥ
ۡ
ǰȭЩ𵤸ֵϡ
һδεĴÿץסһ˾ʶȫĺԷȫȥ˶ԷʶȻԼ뷨ܡ
ҪԷʶҪһЩٷ֮ԼؾԣЩ𵤸־ȫԼʶܡ


52 
վ߸Ľ𵤸֣ĿͶ˵ϡ
ĴһƬţҲ˿ƣ˵ĿⶼͶϡ
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ղǲϣϵͱɱˣȴǲͬˣȡѹԵʤ
лؽ
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Щ˵Ͽɣ֪صˡ
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˵ղŵĻҾ𶯣ĻԴҾһˣľӣǿ϶Ǿ֮
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ʧȥȻÿһ˫Ŀٴʡ
ѾԼ˵ǵĴǼȻ˳ǾһҪΪԼδһƬգؾǵϣǲҪع飬ǻԨ۹ڴһƬأ
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ûдǰЩаŮĽ죬ϾطڣųЩ˾Ѿܲˡ
ڿʼϵһɼӣʮӣҽʮӳͳ죡
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һķѾ֪ڿʼˡ
ڿʼ߿뿪ؾؾǿ󣡡
Ⱥһ󣬲ûп˭뿪ʱԵͷҲǿģҲܵóԨ׷ɱ
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һ̼ҵ߳ˣһЩһֱڵͲ㣬ȻԸȴûкõĹ˫۷Źˡ
쿪ʼѡ죬ҾһµĵȼǾСӳжӳӳͳ졢Ԫ˧ֻҪŬؾͻ̨
˵Щɢ
Ŵ˷ȥȴףԼҪߵ·кֻܳǿʼܹܲİ֧ӷչܿһҪ
ʱܽ
˿˿ٿЩ𵤼ĸ֣ҽʣ


53 ս
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ڵҪҲǼֵӲѣҹжǳף⻰һţ治֪ôشźá
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ĵĽɫ˹ȥΪͳ˧ʮ𵤸ֵĴӳȻҪӹǴĵģΪǰֳԼ۵ȫչǻһִһ
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ʮһĶô뵽֮ƣǵһЩϣ


54 
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ڹؼԼ֪Ҫʲô顣
ƣǵЩ𵤸ּҪʰһЩˣ
ƶûۿۣӦһ֮һЯĴ˳ȥ
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Щ˶еĽ𵤸֣ذԵͷһЩˣǱ־ǬĲ¶һ»е
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תˣǱ־ǬԼĿ⸮Լ
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55 
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־ǬһȭͻϣֱӰӻ˻ҽ
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־ǬȫǵЩ֪ºԼĿˣԼ˴ˣһ˴ôҲ޷̡
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ı仯ˣһµ뷨Ҳһ㣬̩һ·
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ڰʱ֮ͿƳĴӳǾǵض

ӳǵĳۺؾһպĽϺȶˣ˶ǰ˺òײŰ˽ѡ
Ϣ˶ˣȻ֪Ԩһ˼سǣҪΧؾģǣҲҴ⣬ҲЩԨ
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ϾӵļҲҪһЩʱ䣬ϺõľŴӳǿȥʱһۿľٴ˾ˡ
ȫһƬңرЩǵׯ԰ȫƻˡ
⸮ʱȫգǹǵʬ塣
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Ŵ˳żسǾͺƺƵȥ


56 ۷Ʊ
ľӴˣ
־ǬԲ˫ۿˣͷһƬҡ
˵
һ߷Ǳˣ־ǬͲŷ飬Ÿոӳǵ˺Ⱦ֣˫̸ôгôܻᷢ顣
־ǬҲģȥһ£ԼֻؾսвԷ
ʱһ쾪г˽

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ˣ
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ͼЩس˵ĻԼĶƿؼسǵˡ
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ͼһԪ˧Ȼ֪һǧ˵ҪԣؼʱͻȻ֣ĿӵһսŤǬ
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ֶ˲豭һڡ
ûеؼʱ


57 
硭
Ѫؿһ󶴣־ǬѪˮؿһͬԼشĳپۡ
Ϊʲô
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ǺɱǺ˵ѪС
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Ƥ˱־Ǭͳپǰ

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ʱתֳ˺ӣű־ǬһЦ

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Ȼˣ̫Ҳף±봦òС


58 ͥ
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Ҷ鸴ţԨ۹Ĵ¾˿ս飬ǣ˭Ҳû뵽ļسǻᷢô顣
Ҷû뵽سǻᷢô飬һɺݣһɵ۹鱨űݣҶЩ
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ԼҲԼԴ̫ŮΧ֮־ĥȥԼҪ档
Լ·кܳԲܹȥ


60 ʧ
ŵõĺͼĴѶݣɫһ䡣
ƻûб仯찡
Ԩ滹ˣ
ͼĴѶݺףԨ۹۹֮侭Э̣һƽ½Э˫ԼĴԨ۹ͬóӳǸ壬ҲͬóһռݵԨ۹ĳС
⻹ҪݣҪľ˫Э飬һ֧˾ȫԳԨ۹ڵؾˣΪ𵤼ְˣ˴
⣬Ԩ۹ҪؾؾΧ׷½ء
ݴѶݣ֪ˣؾڵҪôӴѶ̫ˡ
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һؾפأؾᣬȫ򼫵سǣ
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ͳ߸Űݷãոճ͵õͳ顣
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ԽԽؾʿ߸֪ΨһľǵȴԮ
ھЩˣ֪ؾôͲðԼЩ𵤸ɳȥ


61 ս˵
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ƿնڼսеؾʿͷĵʱʿǡ
ִһѴ󵶣صĿͶ˴սŵ߸ϡ

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ܿ죬ֿʼƤ֪һԼҪãߵʱҲӦø֧ؾıֶΡ


62 ؾӰ
سǱؾռˣ
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˵ؾͻȻϮսʧˣ
ǺҲ湻ùģպþҴʱ򣬹ƾ뵽˴Ľŷ˾裡
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ڵ鲻˭֪ʲôطˣ˵ؾһˣ
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63 սǰϦ
ôʹͣʮϣ
Ԫ˧̼ѵǣ
سĸͨԨؾΰأ޷չ

о棬һı棬ȴƽ޲
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λսؾĹؼ
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ÿһʾһִ߸ۡ
ս⼫ŨԵͷʱս֮󣬾ӻǵõ˶
һĴӸ߸ͳ֮˺˵ʱƵһЩԵƤǷַȥ
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ǳؼһսܰܣ
ֹȥˣؾصľȫع飬سȫؾ
Կʼˣ
˲ɢŨս⣬ʾǰһѡõս
󣡡
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
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һɽϣģҲ뵽˴֮С
˾Ȼ

˧棬Ԫ˧̼ȵڴУһƬš
̼һȥϵˣһƵĿȴǲŭ
ؾʲô̼һ
Ԫ˧ؾڼᣬǵľż죬ڲڰս֮
һ̼ȫɱһȫ¶ǿϢ
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ҵһʱҾؾڵĴӳǹ
û뵽ӻûмϣԪ˧̼ҪչˣȫԾؿ򻨴̼
Ի̼ԸǸͣ鲻̼ҲԴҽһԼ뷨һЦǿɻΪսɣ
Ҳûȴһش𣬻̼˵ؾʲôľӣһЩūɵľӣΪǻжǿս
һԪ˧˵öԣؾϾûʱѵֻҪսһǾİս֮ΨһĽܣ
ҲǾƨĻ⻰ǶţȷһؾȻս֮࣬ǣȾʹŸ˵Ǣ⣬Ȼʿǵսϵսӵսǿ棬ǿ֧ӵۺ
ѾԼ˼̼ЦҾȫǰսؾôҾȣؾ̾ڴӳǣҾûҪʮ˿ȥǲаǺãǾͰ԰ֱѹǣ
ȫһְ¶ˡ
̼ϯǵսҲˡ
ս
ս
ս
ܺãҾʤ
̼鼤ˣһӾʹһ棬񣡡
һ֧֧ӳ̼Ը֧ӵ´ȷָ
ľӿٵţǳսǰա


64 սľҰ
ɳʮɱؾˣ
ǴӳǻǼسǣڶĵطһϢ
ʮ
Ϣ˲ɢ
ľӱһ֧ǿľӣɳʮؾܹס
ļسǶˡ
ؾʤ
ؾȳūȫзţҶ֪һ飬Ǿؾˣڴ˵һѣʱԨ۹۹ܶԽųЩūпɱ
һ뵽ÿһ˵϶һ־֮顣
ѵոջɾҪ䣿
ûУѰӶˣҪˣ
һ˵Ϣ˳Ϣһ˻ҡ
ԲҪҵˣ
һЩĸ۸ߺ
ȥ
սȥ
ԽԽĸŴӳǶȥ

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ӭɫЩѿ
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˵ˣǵ۹ûȥ

ӭ糤̾һ˵ɫҲѿ
֧ӵĳֶǵ۹˵̫ҪˣҪ˶ûŪҪԡ
Щǵ۹Ĵȴǿ÷ǳף۹ڷ֮Уһ֧ǿľȥԨಿλңڻ۹Σ޴
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۹˵Ľ̫ˣˣӴ֮ͽΪū壬Ǹʱھˡ


Ϊܹǣ
ɱ˴
һسǵĴ棬Ԩ˵ĳץĳˡ
һſͷ­նڵأǳЦص֮С
壡
ǷۿľŲ˼ˣӵĺҲ˳׷ɱˡ
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ĳ棬˱ץնɱūʱҲ׷չ֮ãʱūĥƽǵ־һ˵ѪҲڼ
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Ͷؾȥ
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ԨĸǶʼ
ʤ
ÿһӳ˴ǵ˶ĿͶҪչһսؾϡ
̫ףؾˣԨ˾˸ľʰЩڵūǣԣؾѸҽܵϵһ

ʱѾϣ̼վڵ㽫̨ϣȫȫչ۷ƺɨ
ľ֮
ÿһʿͶϣÿһ˶רƵսס
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ȫٽ
̼һȥ
հƹ


65 
˲ϢڿУ뻮һܲս
źս׵Ļ̼ߵ˾ǰ
̼ǳĸо
ָݿ࣡
֪ǵľӷڴ˴ɸһս
Ȼ֪ľӵôصģǣ̼϶ľӾڴ˴
Ż̼Ļͼƽ޲ĵطֳһ
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ͬڿп򻨴̼Ƭǵľս֮أξһս
⻨̼ԼĵطֻҪо˶ܹԼڴˡ
Ǳȵս˾ҪľӾһս
Ȼ룬Ǿ¸ҵĳǰȥ
ȻϵϢûл̼ǿ󣬵ǣŰֵȻȻ
ֿ̼Щɻһ۾ܹóǶΪˣô˵սأ
Ц̼ûǾһսɣʱ䲼󣡡
ɫһƵĴ
룡
˵⻰ûнڣǻ˵Ȼ˾
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̼ҲһˣɣȻ˼Լ嵽ǰˣһУǾͶһ֡
Цţ̼ͬˡ
ңңԣ֮¾һƬҰ
ԶԶĶţ˶ԵޱȵĵȻ

֪϶Ѿ˴󣬵ǣ̼ȴЩ⣬ԼѧЩȫһ̼ûпʲô󷨡
Ȼ̼ȴǶ󷨷ǳҲȱݣֻҪһ֧Ӿܹơ
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Сӵ״ʲôطѧ󷨣ô󷨣
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̼Ȼһ
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һ߾źڼ׵Ľʿ壬̼ɫһ䡣
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û˾ӣûսʿеǻһԾڿеľߡ
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һϢһըŴȥ

ӻһߣ
вͣɣɫҲˡ
̼Ŀȷģ˵ľӻһߣֻҪߣ߾ܹԼĴкС
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𣡡
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ƬȫˣҲԭӡ
̼ʱгһֲš
Сӵ״ʲôطѧֶΣ̫ˡ
Ȼ˵ݣǣԵЩ˵ĲûˣǱ˻ɣγһ
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βȻȥͬɽһ㳯־ɱ󸲸ȥ
䡭
ɽѹǳ
Ƭٴҡ

ȫܹܵǿĹľؿ
ȫһȻ춯أ


66 ս
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ÿһ˶ĵһ־¸С
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յУ̫Զ
вԪӤĸ֣𵤡ĸ־͸ˡ
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ǶԨ̫ʱˣؽǵϣڣΣǶҪһ

ٸ§𵤼ˣ¶Ȼ֮顣
ؿ˿Լӣ𵤼ĸֻͬסٸ
޺ҪΪ御һ
ƿ֮ͣĴԽԽ
һ˫˫ĿͶԽԽŨսսÿһ˵϶һֽǸС
ճܹٴԻ
ϣؽҵؽͬڣ
ؽٴ򣡡
䡭
ɫĴβص߲ʵĹâɵĻϡ
Ĵ䣬Ʋ㱻ǿľ忪
â䡣

һЩվýϽ˲仯Ϊޡ
˵һ
Ǵĵ洫˷ˡ
Ѫɽ֫䣡
̫ǿˣ
ǿµ˸޷
һ֮ķȻȥǧսˡ

ڵʧɫЩԪӤĸҲء
ľӶס
̫ʶٴɨһĵط
סˣ
Ķסˣ
ֻǾ޴߲Ȼû̫ı仯ֻǹâЩһЩ
ʲô󷨣
һʶٴ̽󷨡

̼Ҳû뵽ԼۼȫһȻֻǴöԷ󷨰һЩڳԾ֮࣬һǺٴι
쿴Ǵ߸Ӵ׳ˣ
֪˭һ
žҵĿͶߵϡ
Ȼֻ֮е羨㱻ſ롣
Щ֮ʱߵǣͺֵܴٴδ׳һࡣ
գԾʣ
˻ûпʱͼǾ޴ĺһ˻֮˲ƬһȦ
Ʊգɨ
꣡
һ˻֮󣬱սĸͻȻҡ
˻ٽ
ҵ˹ȥ
޳顣
Ǿ޴ŵø
߾Ȼɡ
ãⳤߵֱӱ
׵ѿ
֮еȻŨǣŨΣȵ߳갾ǿֱӾܹΪõ
û뵽̼ôڣȻóȡҵ
֮µɢӣ˭ҲȥǺߡ
ʿɵĳǴܵס
ƽڽߵϢϯء
ЩԪӤĸҲǰһˡ
Цǻ̼ͲЩߵЩȫ棬ȫָ֮ˡ
岻ư
һսԨ彫ڷ֮˵
ս̼ʤ򼫵سǽò
Ҳˣ⻨̼пЮһս֮ռ˼سǡ
ϼ棬ǿռݼسǣ
ء
ȡʤˣô죿
ѯʵĻϸһЩ֮飬ǻ̼ʤˡ
ɣ
ʱǺӵǴȥ
ʱҲͬĪû뵽Ȼһ߷գû뵽ô£֮˼ǧսˡ
ĳ
ʱĴǺεȵĿ¡
չ
һ
Ĵ𣬾ͼǴҲڷ仯ǴȫһƬĺޱȣˣӭźƶ
ô˺ˣ
Ǵı仯ۿҲе˲⡣
үүôͳ˺ˣŮ
һЦͷȻ
ʲôˮͬɰ˴󣬶ǳʧȥв
ǿˮݰٴƣ
ͷͣͷ
ǳ˴󺣣Ȼʾʾ˭ܹ뵽ǻⳤƵֶΣǳжǿǴȫ֮
һԪӤҲ˵ˡ
ĴȻ
û뵽˻ô
˾˵ΪȴŲڽ𵤼ս̥һ
λһˣ
˵⻰һԪӤһͷԦնȥ
棡
ȥıӰսԪӤһ㶣֮һƿնȥ
үүôˣ
ŮԼүү
Ҫˣ
ͷһЮסԼŮͬƿնȥ
뿪ãֳԪӤһˣ˻һۣһ˵ս˼ʤ㣬ˣҲش֧ӣԨľľؽı䣬ʼ׼ȥˣ
û뵽˻ôľƱ仯ҵҲ׼һˣʱ÷ƣ˵£
˵⻰ͬƿնȥ


67 ս
УǾ޴ӺɨؾĴ߲ʵĻѱòͣҡΡ
ڲϷڣƽĺˮʱȴǳ˻֣Ǻӿȥ
ںˮ߷ơ
ÿһεķڣǺˮἤͷ
սȫ鸴ӵؿǼսĵطǺȴ֪ÿһɢĺˮһʿ
쿴ǺߵƬڵ䣡
һ۾Ϳ˺ߵ
սѾչˣܣŶԾ
ˣ
һ
¡¡
֮У˲Ǻߺȥ
ꡭ
һ޴˻УߵϺڹ䣬һ޴ĻͻȻ֣ǵҫۡ
ҵ죬ô޴
ֻͻȻ㣬׳ޱȣͬһְץߡ
ƣ
ƣ
ǳѽ֯һ
׵𣬳ڷ裬кʾͬҲչ⡣
ٷȥˮڣ
ߵƬ䣡
һս
ƽ޲̼ڶԶеĳߣɫȴһƬء
ԼʱһѪˮ棬û뵽ȻӵϢһЩ
жʱһϲ֮⡣
Լ֪ܹװôľӣȴҲû뵽󷨵ĸ߶ȡ
սʤˣ
ʱѲҪһεĶԲʿᱻɱ
̼ɫԽԽѿԿʲôǣ֮󷨣ȴһС
û취ˣֻӲ
ʤ

Ԩ۹Ļʹ棬һ޴ޱȵĻ̩Ĵսĳֳ
̫վþ޷ƽ
û뵽
һСС˾ȻԨ۹ಿλŪôĶ
Ԫ˧վһѡ
λ䣬ô
һ𣬲̫תǡ
ˣӦý־ɱ󣡡
һԪ˧Ծؾһ
಼ˮҲе˳Ծѵ˽ˣ
Ԫ˧ͷֻ󷨣Ӧûôǿɣ
֪һЩ󳼻࿴ÿһ˵϶͸һ֮顣
ֻеһ˲֪̫ڿ˿ˣѼ֪˸˳ȥ
̫ʱ˵ȷ
Ԫ˧ͷҸҿ϶
̫ڵΪʲô˵ûôǿǿڵޱȴ󣡡
ˮҡͷһ󷨴ʦоģʵҲֻûôǿ
ˣʲôأ
ղ˵ǸԪ˧ҲͷԻ̼ĵλͬҲܹˣ󷨵ľֻҪӦҲܹϳڵҲƲ󷨣
ԽԽֵˡ
ҵĿٴο־ɱ
̼Ȼ֪󷨣ôƲˣ
뵽ٿʱһµı仯ֱ仯Ūû̼Ҳˡ
⻹ǹؼؼǽ뵽ˣСʲôջ˱ؽٳһǿߡ
ԲСӻ
̫ڵ˲ɱ
һԪ˧ʵ־ɱûôǿܣһоҲֻڷѣֻϵ̫ǿˣҿһЩĽһЩǲ֪Ķ
ˮ΢΢ͷӦòǳ֮Ƶ󷨣Ĺв֪ʲôԭ򣬾һЩµı仯ûԵ̱ԣ벻ôӵȴܹôľӣ
ԭ
ˮһ˵ٿǴʱٴľ
̫ɻ˼˵ԭֻ̲һԱ͵СȴǱһ޴Ĵˣ
ˮͷ־ɱʵо֮Ҳǧ˵Ĵ󣬲ңҲôڴҿ֮Ҳ̳ɣ˵ʲô
˵ˣҶ֪ƣѾ˸ıˡ
˵ʲô˰
뵽һδδսҶ˾Ĵˡ
һɼǿɱ̫ڿһԪ˧˾սʤܣϧһ
ּ
Ԫ˧Ҳһࡣ
̫ڵǳãܺõľΪƻˣս֮󣬿Ԩھͽңѵ˶񻯵ıԵ
£Ҿսپϲˣˮص
ּǰ߾ľӷƣҪʱǾ
ɱĻʹ

裬ͬޣǺ棡
ˮͣǺɣÿһε֮δ˰սһƬ
òҵһս
ӭͬǾ޴Ļп˷սɫҲǴ䡣
ǵ۹Ļʹ棬ͬۼһ󳼺Ԫ˧ÿһ˵϶͸һ֮顣
־ɱʲôʱôˣ
֪һЩͬҲɻ
ӭһһЩ˸˳ȥ
ŷƼģ
Ҷ˽⣬ڿŷһ䡣
ŷݹҴǰƼ
ŷƼһ˲Ű
£־ɱӦǲʲôֶθĽˡ
£ҲΪǼһʲôĽģ̫ˣ
ӭ΢΢ͷٴο˿Ǵóִʾٱǧˣѹֻ̼Ϊһ󷨴ŪĳѾǳǣµĴȻûռˡ
Ϊмʤ㣿
һԪ˧ڻ˵óÿһ˫Ľжڶ࣬ȻľӱϾ¾ǻ̼ľӲһΣž˫˭ʤˣҲһʤ
ŷݵ£һҪð죬ĵԨսֵж
ӭͿŷݵʲô
˽⵽Ԩ֪ǵĴǰߣʵǿģ£Ĵһ𣬶ڶҡԨĸ˾ԵãⳡˣͷųĴūҲܵūۣ⣬ԨڲҲвٵЩƣһս֮Ԩͽңҹǲˮῴ÷ǳ
ӭ˷ܵ°ҹ˵һ£
ŷݵ£ȻǴ£ĵԨ۹ڿ֮󣬼һսս£ضȫҹĹǽӭǰδеһս
⻰һ˵ĴһӾ
ȷķչ
ԨΪ˾Ļؾȥȶ󷽣սһҪеġ
ּѺеԤӵǰߣԪ˧ȫָǰսһҪס
ӭ´֪ԼȡʱʱˣֻҪסԨ͹۹㰲ȫˡ


68 
벻ͣ䣬ˮСһ
һд˫սǵͷһδεĶԿȥ
˫аĴսڣҲһˡ
ѳһɱ˫Ľʿȫƴɱš
սѵŵʱ̡

̼ҲȫƲɱֱǿա
־ɱƵҲҪɱڴ˵أ
̼һĸղŵĵȫվȫһƬҫ
мһѴ󴸣Ǵ󴸵ļɣͷɽ
Ǵϸƛ졣
Σ
̼һ
Ĵ𣬱һߵӷ˸ı䣬һźɫ
ɱ죡
䡭
Ǽ˲֪ٵԲͷǳ־ɱĻַײȥ
ѣɽ
ưƬط·ס
ÿһս˶оĺֱ졣
ꡭ
ܵ˻ĺڲ˹ѡ
ʱҲסˣͬվһָǺ򣬴뷢
ͼǴ˲䷢˱仯ڶ޴ڵٰסǺ
ŨƬء
Ũ֮УĶ֧֧ʸͣǺԲ
޴𣬸ޱޣưǺ


汬ɱȥ
ɱ
ɱ
˫ľʱȫһֵķըѡ
СԲҲСľβͣĲƹȥ
Ȼ־ɱǳǣϾһ֧ո齨õľӣսȻ޷Ĵӳ
ܹսڣףҪĻǿԼַЩƤ֧š
̲
ս
̼һͷ衣

һڿаȻ
ıը˳ƤŵԲ
ڲըɽݣս޷Ĵ̮
ٴνԲҲһȦ
ܲסˣ
ģ˹
ʱ̵ˣ
֪Էǻ̼̫ˣÿһεĹѡԼĵطε̫֮Ľʿ
䡭
һ֮ǺɫԲƿˡ
ˣ
Ĵսϳ˸ӵ
󷨻޷ʤ󷨣
һεȫ뵽̩Ĵˡ
ѵҪˣ
ûȴҷӦʱһ촫
䡭
ǰľ޴ըǵĴҲͬƿһӡ
棡
ؾĴҲҪˣ
սȫ۾˫˭ʤ˭˵ˣ
ƻʲôķչأ
ã
ɫһ䣬Ͷ뵽˴С
ߣ
̼ͬͶ뵽˴
ȫףǸըĵط˫ʤܵĹؼ
־ɱǴɢıԵӳƿĵطĽš
յļսȫչ
ͶƿĵطдԵƤټ
˴ԲöԷľӽ룡
ƴˡ
ͣƤ֮£ƿĵطؾ
ǣӿ˹ȥ


ڹͷϵ
оѪˮ
еȫ֯һ
Сһǰ棬һʬŸ˲ĳϴΡ
ȫɱԷ
һ
ٴθת
Ϊʤ
ؾĽʿǰ̣
Ĺľչ
֮Ҳ֪ؼʱˣһɫĴ첻ͣҡҫڵĸַ׷ĸ˹ȥ
ʵǽɫĴ۶ȥÿһδҡ󶼻ע
ڴս䡣
ɱ
ɱ
ս֮ϣؾĴȻΣˣǣȻǿͣĻɱڼ׵ӡ
̼ʱףܹɱս־ͽı䣬Ψһ뷨ɱӶŤתս¡
ӣ
ӭƤ̼һ󴸣ΣǴÿһ䶼ҳ
硭
ÿһλӳһƬѪꡣ
¸ûκε塣
˫Ľʿ£в˸ûµʲô˷ɻɢء
ʤ
ÿһؾʿǳΪԼսҲΪԼս
Ϊ˻ֻܸ
ֻһɱ
սˣ
Ǹӵٸأ鿴һԼİˣȫ˲һչǴķȥ
棡
ٸбһƿնȥ
ؽ
Զһǽ𵤸۸ߺȻǴȥ
ɱˣ
˺
ѣ飡һݵĽʫ䣬䣬Ͷ뵽˴С
ڷ֮ϵһŮٶ
һɱ֮
ÿһͬһ֧֧Ŵеĺڼ׾Ȼȥ
һʮŮŴȥ
Ϊ壡
Ϊ壡
ΪҺˮ壡
һĸַȻΪԼǰ;׷׼뵽˹С
սĸͶ뵽˴УɱҰ
Ѳؾһսǹϵ̫һս
ʤնɱһ֧ӣ帹Ϳˣ̫Ļͽɴ˲
Ԩͬû˻ԮľӣԨĸأȴʱ̫ˡ
ΪԼ壡
Ϊ棡
Ϊϣ
òս
òҵһս
Ĵսµȫľѡ
˭Ҳû뵽һ˾ȻôĶⳡսעһܸıƵĴս
ѵĻΪһսıս֣
սĸֻһЦѾʼˣ
Ƽʻʱ̾ͽ˷ʱ䵽ˣ
һװڼᣬֵ׼ȫչ
Ԩ˵Ļʹ棬̫ɫ䣬˫۽סսľȫȻһֲС
ѵ
̫Щȥˡ
Ļʹ˹һ߷һڷˣȫɢŨŨŭ
̼ɱ
ս֮Ͷ밡
ѵˣ
ǵ۹Ļʹ棬ӭ翴֮Ա
ƣ
ƣ
սĺŽǷ·Ѵ죬Ͷ뵽ؾһ
ԽԽĹսּ뵽սУ̼Īȫû뵽һֽ
Щūһֱѹòҷ
ô£
˭ǵĵ
̼ûʱȥ룬ڶ˵ٲŤת棬ܾ־Ͷˡ
ŭ̼һȥ
СҾְ
ս
ȫſԼϢмһѴ󵶡


69 ʤ
ܵ޷Ӱ쵽ˣһ޿ɱ⣡
תѴﵽ塣
ڹǼ֮ϷһֽɫĹâ
̼޼СӰԼҫ˽£ѪϴȥԼĳ衣
ɫս׺ڵ÷̼ȫϢ˲ǣһâ˻
ж䣬ȫӿ
ɣСóǿֶΣǱһ˵
̼еĴڲͣɢźɫĹâͬһʱԴݻһС
ĴǱײǰĲҺѱһⳡ
ԵúƽȽҵƤ˵ɡ
˵䣬еһƤǼ˳ȥ

̼ĿһóЩƤȻڿнÿƻǣŵƤȴһ𺳵
Ϊ󷨴ʦ̼ȫóһƽǷ󣬵ǣǷչ֮ı仯һЩ仯ʹǧı仯
̺Уʱܹӳ
룬̼һ
һ죬죡
ǱͳƵĴ󴸳Ƿȥ
ԣǶԸ󷨵ֶΣ̼ѡľһֶֻΡ
չƬա
һ𣬴ײأǿѱ䡣
¡¡
̶ĺת֮һ޴ȻɣԴΪģɢȥ
ѣ

ɢݣ
֮屻˲ݻ١
ĵ˾˵Ĵݻ
𵤸ȫһͬơ
ԣ衣
Ȼ֮ҲеԼȫһҪݻٵĸо
ˣѪˮ
ȴһȻ֮顣
Сǿ
ͬڷˣеĴ󴸲ķɣһѪˮ
һҩ̷ȥ̼ܵ𶯵ȶ
̼̲סһ䣬ܹԼһ֮»ܹվͬһ֮顣
һ֮䣬˭Ҳûռˡ
תһ£֪Լಢûκε⣬⻨̼һסˡ
ٽҷ󣡡
Уһ˳ȥ
ŷļסһѳ
һĵ֮ϣâͣ
ն
Ż̼նɱȥ

˵һײ
֮ʱǷɽ
ԶԶĻţʱŷս֮սøӼҡ
̫ս߼Ʋڼ׾ؾʿһֵĹȫ뵽սĺ֮С
ؾռѹԵˣ
Ҫˣ
̼ͳаָܼӵĸоԱ

̼޷Լܵʵ

̼һɫ䣬һ֮Ǿ޴ǹâɣ˹ȥ
𵤸ԼעڱǾһֲΪ
̼ģǴڷ仯ȥѾһ󴸣һɽ
ǿѹӿȥҪһԼܵĳСӣ
ǿĹ
̼ƴΪ¶һ֮飬֪ԼҲƴ
ֻаѻ̼ɱˣԼһ·
һսһս
ǿѹɳ˵Ҳڲϵ
ɱ
ȫתžһʨӴŻ̼ȥ
ֻʩչԼǿĹˡ
Ǿ
֪ԼܹһսľֶֻΡ
Żֵ̼ĲϹԼľһ
ͬǿԱ仯ģܹͬǿĹ
಻ؼӿ
ؼڽĳֹͨƵģ磬ޱް
Լ벻ԼںţֻǸоԼЩ
йʵĶڿռţе;񣬶ƺš
һָоԼľ㹻ǿûһķû⡣
Լľ˷һʲôأ
뷨Ҳֻһ
ͼǺŵͳһѵƤ
һѰƤļʱƤȫκεһַãγһǳӽȫơ
ȻǷȴǸӵӵĳһֱѸС
Ȼɣ
䡭
ͣޱްƺڶ
ã
̼˫¶֮飬иܵһԻһеԼʱǿٶƤըѿ
䡭
ݻ˿׾
ҫ·ƽףַ·һֵĻ
ڻȥ̼ڻȥ
Ƭ֮ڣȫޡ
վʱһЩѣе־֮Ա
׷ʲôˣ
ȻŪôĶȴȫ벻ԼģֻǸоԼľһδţһȫǾġ
һֿüȴ׽ĸоӿͷ
ҲԼϷһЩݣ
̼ˣ
ԶһĽ𵤸ֿĽ֣һ
̼ˣ
ˣ
ԽԽĺһ
ģ
Ԫ˧ˣ
޴ľϲ֮ڼսŵؾս߱˸ǿս
ڴҵĿУǻ̼սʤǲɻ֮ˡ
ǣڿսˣǻһƬޡ
õﲻͣϢŵһ˫˫ηͶϡ
һ˰ľŤת˹
ˣ
ؼ佫һµı仯
ʤǰˣ
һ֪ʲôĽ𵤸ִŰһնɱڵء
ս
սȫɢżĹʡ
ˣҶϣ˫ȹվѹڴͷϵ죬ϣʵ
һսؽıһУΪԼ棬Ϊķչռ䣬Ϊϣ
ԽԽսͶ뵽սС
Ԫ˧ˣ
Ųţ̫ľ壬һĺڼ׾ʿˡ
Լս޲ʤԪ˧Ȼˣ
ôܣ
ǣʵǰǽֻΪǽ˭ΪֻΪ
ըײ˺Һ֯һ𣬺ڼ׾ԽսԽµĸȫʧȥԭеս
ˣ
ĺڼ׾ˣ
ĺڼ׾Ҫˣ
ڼ׾
һ뵽һ֧ս޲ʤ޲˵ǿʱǵмѡ
սڴڶֵ˾ȻǱܴǣ׷װѶն¡
ٴεõ޸޸ɵĴ޴ִ趯
ڷڣɱھۼָӵĺڼ׾ڴУڽɱ
ʤˣ
ȫûһ
һҫ۵ִչձ
УһɫִҲ


70 
һǿƥʶɨƬ
̫ĿⶼͶ
ˣ
һվھ޴󹬵֮ϵͷջǿʶ¶֮顣
Ϊʲô
ͷ̳ϿٵĲĲ˿˿ּ̽ץȡ
˺һͷһ̾Ϣ
ҾִӴչ
ͬʱ̫ǿջʶ
һŮվڸ߸ߵļ̨ϣ̾һôһ߾壬̾
ָٵĴֵƣһ֮Ů̾һˣʲôˣ
ˣ
Ļһ޵Ů˳ǰ
ʦڡ
Ů˿˿Ů˵ޣȥǸ˵ʲôлᣬնɱɣ
ǣ
޵Ůһչ˲ȥ
˵䣬Ůٴγ뵽֮С
û뵽
̫˶û뵽һСС˾ȻŪôĶȫң´ڷת
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Ǹѵ仯Ĺؼ
Ȼħ֮ˣ
ճˣ̫˶˺档
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ıԵһ˿ת˵ϲ£
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ŷʱӭϲ£ս֮Ԩ廹壬ǶòؾڣҲǿԻһˣ
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ӭγ£̾һǵľٵѹؽˣ
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ŷҡҡͷҲȻľӷǳǿʵսشľӣܹץסչͽתľҲᷢ仯֮ڵѲɱ⣡
˵⻰ӭɫҲһ䣬뵽ǵ۹ڹڵγǧٿףҡ
һӳĬӭּΪ壡
ŷһͷǵ
̫ҪһĽˡ
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ѵ
ǶˣʧȥһԪӤĸ֣۹ͽ½ʱ۹ô죿
Ѱ


Ļʹ棬ʵ˹ƽϢеķŭһȭͻǾ޴Ļ
õľˣԼһ֧ǿľӻˣ
ô죿
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˹뵽ûеλʿ
Цһӵ£ʧȥ˻̼ĺڼ׾Ѿͬʧȥ꣬Ѿָˣ
̾һ˹ּսľӻؾɣû취İ취ľӷչ֪һʲôĽ֡
˵⻰ŭĿһԺӵǸ
ӵԨ۹Ҳţ
ѻʹԪӤһɳ⣬ɳһӽ𵤸֣ҲҪնɱ

Ԩ۹Ļʹ棬̫ھþɫѱ÷ǳѿ
˺óʱ䣬̫ڲô죿
ȷԨ۹˵Ѿˣ۹ǵ۹սҵģǰ棬˫ɱȻȡʤǣǵ۹ҲǺǵģͬԨ۹ľӣڶԨ۹˵Ϳˡ
Ԩ۹뷨ǻǵ۹֮󣬽ǵԴֹڵĿ飬ǣ
ۿžͲһ֮ܳɹû뵽ͻȻô⡣
಼ˮ̾һ£ǳײʹ󣬰ҹһ֧ˣְȥɱؾ˴ˣҹܹıǳޣؾЮһս֮ĵǾʱȥһ֧Ҳһܹס
ĴԵ÷ǳĳƣһ󣬲ˮֳɵ£ĵĻؾǹڸңһսһЩܾͿϣˣ
ˮǲֹһĵģŪò̫Ҳķҡ
һƣд̫Ӷһҡ
£
̫ڵǶʱ󾪡
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׵Ĵ֪˲̫Ϊ̶ȣȻԪӤһΪǣѾˣһֱþͻȻֵ̫Ѿˡ
ô죿
뵽ڻʵ۱пܱ˵ҵӵĻ
ʱȴ¶ɫһ־ϲ֮֡
˺һ󣬲̫ڲס飬˰֣ѴǴ󲿷ֶ˳ȥֻ˲ˮˡ
̾һ̫ڵҵʱ쵽ˣ
˵仰ʱθС
£㶨ƹض
һص
ƹأ̸װԼԼ֪ûؾ飬Ҿۼľάһ£ҵľɢȥ
ߣȻ˵ˣҵɫǴ䡣
˲ˮ̫ͻȻ޺޵ΨһһԸǰնɱ䣬ҲԪӤһˣϣ㲻֮
뵽Ԩ۹֮һתΪΪԨ۹Щǻ̫Թ
ڲ̫ڵǰˮ·ģնɱͷ


71 һս
ʤˣ
ƴս紵ֱ졣
ȫѺľ
ȫǲ֫ѪˮɢǺ֮ӡ
ֵĴȴӭչâ䡣
Ҿʤ
챧ȭһӺȻǰꡣ
Ҿʤ
һĽűǰ
սӡ˴ҵ
ս˸СĴڡ
ҾΣ
ʵҲھϲ֮飬ӾȻһսľ֮նԪ˧̼УǺε֮ս
ؽҾһߣʮİ٣նɱӣһͳսĽŻش
ң
ֻݡ
֮ȻҲɼ֧ӵ⡣
һжѹȥһս֮Ұ֪Լ֧ؾסˣһͿô⡣
һηأһʱ֮仹ûͷ
дҾȡʤ
սԼķǣȭһлλ
ؽؿֻǾһѣˣ
һ۷Ĵ󺺱ȭһԦնȥ
ٻᣡ
һ𵤸ּһ˲Ʈҡȥ
̽Ѫ䣬費𣡡
һͷ̾һʧս
ؽһţ
һŮ˸У͸޵ο
˵⻰һʱǹˮ
㲣˼࣬ԹɢȥѰ
ټ˶ǵȥ
һ׳лһŮվǱʹ֮飬ִ쿴һۣ˵빲ģΪȥˣ
˵⻰ͼȫǱһŻ⣬ǻУŮ˵ʬһȥ
ɢˣ
Ҳ̫ĸк
սؾһսһĴ֮ս
һһ𵤸ֻ˹һȭؽһս֮أ֪һкδ㣿
һĲĸ֡
æһȭûã
Ҳ뷨һս֮ǰľսʤˣȡʤ֮ȴЩãȻ
ĺ֪ܷͣһ̸
ǵ˫ۣ룡
ս֮ϣһȫڡ
ϥ֮ս֮ǰҲûĽֻ֣ǾһսѣʤˣҲһʱ֪ôԭ뷨ʤ֮֮ȥ׷ʲô飬ӽˡ
ó˲޶⣬˵ˣԼҲ뷨ͰԼ뷨˵˳
̾һĺ͵ð뽫һ̸뽫Ҫ⡣
ЦЦ޷л˵
֪ڵ
ҡҡͷ
̾һĺ͵Σڴ˽磡һ磡
ĺ͵һָ졣
ҲһЩ²⣬Ͼû̫ľݣ΢΢˵ͷ
ĺ¶֪֮
֪ǣΪӫڤеĴ壬ֶǿƣΪһӱ϶ʲô·ˡ
ĺ޵ǣȷ֪֮ܲǰϽͻȻ䴫Ͷۺ壬ԪӤ֮ϵĸȫһȥͶؼһǿںεصԪӤϸ־Ͷȥ
ȫܹ뵽ʱ׳۾
ĺ̾һʵ¿ǹƽǾԪӤ϶ȥǣе˼̫ʱ䣬ֽһЩ֤֮ŷ֣ȫһıһҪı
ҲûѯʣͿĺ͡
ȥĺ͵֪ܹ֮Ұӫڤϵĸ岻ǣĹؼ֮ʲôط
ڶɣ
²ö룬¶µõ
ĺ΢΢ͷ˵÷ǳԣڴ֮ǰԪӤ֮ϣ˵ǸƣսѹƸ壬ǣһεʹ徫Ӣϣȫȥ
ԭ
Ҳ¶˾֮顣
̾һĺ͵Щ걼ڸ֮䣬ǵõһ˵飬ԪӤ֮ϸ־֮вõϽڵܼҪȫйҪϧһ壡
Щڣ̾һ֪Ͻ絽׷ʲô飡
ĺ͵˵Ǵ壬ڶ࣬˸ڶ࣬Ͻ֮ҲӦӵڶĸ֣ǣ鷢չĸͽȥҲûϽİǾֻһˣϽҲ鷳ˣ
òĺ͵ˣޱȵһˣ鱻һ˵˹
ҹѵûʲôֶΣ
뵽ǵ۹
ĺ̾һǵ۹ʵ۱ǴϽ紫֮ΪԪӤˣԪӤ۷ˣǣʱ䶼ûܹͻƣۿѾӵȻûܹͻƣΨһ³תޣǵ۹ʧȥһԪӤ֣ʱأ
Ҳ뵽˳˼Уڿķ˴ˡ
ĺ˵ܻ֪ǵ۹ͬҲ̫⣬ǿʱͬҲū˸ˣһᣬֱȻȺ
ǱȻģ
֮Ҳ˽⵽һ岻ܲū壬ֺô꣬˼˻ᣬˡ
ǣȻ⣬ԼϾһԱȻԸ⿴Լ屻ˡ
ΣԱΪԼ壬ǵþ
˵
ĺ΢΢һͷ⣺ؽĻ˵ĻǵʲôҲԼʱ£ǾԲӦ
˵⻰ĺͿս˵һŤתǬսۣս֮˴ϢĻᣬѹһսĽѾıˣԨ廹壬Ǳؽǰ߻ؾʱѹᣬǣѹȴӰ
·뿴ı飬˵ʱĺ;ͰĿͶϡ
΢΢һЦΨѣֻҪܹΪ御һ޺
Դӵһ磬˲ΪԼˣ̬ҲڷŸı䣬ȻģһθѾγɡ
һĺһĸղӣһ־˾壡
һĺ͵ڻعڣܹʲôã
ǰ
һҲԼǸϻص˵۹ȥԼܹҵ飬ǹڵ˻ԼĻ
ȴЩסˡ
ĺ͵ؾԹȴž޴֧ãܹӳԼãԶȸϻعںõ̫࣬벻
ûôԶĺһŷԼ뷨üһЩԼѾǶһˣһֵ֧ǿӵˡ


72 Ŀ
Ҳһȭͽ̣
õľһЩߵˣһָоĺξͶԼ֮⣬һҲһ¡
ɣĺ͵¶Цݡ
ٵȥҪԴ̫ˣһɢôŬҲȥοͿԼϣŻἰʱһ̸
ؽ֪ܲʸ֮ĵˣ
Ϳĺ͡
ؽսľӳشľӣֿؼĵطһ֧ӴڣΪһʲô
ǰѣ
ҡҡͷĺ͵Ԩ۹ĻʵҲӵˣڵԨ۹ǿڲ֮ޱȼң˵ˣԨ۹ȡһЩʤԨ۹޴ɣ۹ʮݻ٣ʱҲɳľӣصڵĸҲƶæԸؾˣ
ⲻǺܺ𣿡һҲһ۹֮飬˵ʵ˽Ⲣ̫ࡣ
ĺͿؾ˵һᣬڷչǣ㱾˵һΣѾˡ
Ŷ
ûкúõ¡
ĺ͵֧Ӷڸ˵һҲˣ֧Ӿǿ֧ŵģԣҪ֧ӣҪһǰɵ
ĺ˵˼΢΢ͷ⵽Ҳһܴڵ⡣
ĺȫԾʦԾˣصؽӦò⣬̫ô꣬Ŀľǻȥ壬ȴĳֶǶıȥǾԲ뿴Ĵڣ
⻰Ҳָˣ۹ЩڱĸҲš
һ⻰һð֪ԼȡʤһΣȻٽ
ң
ܹʱԼĺҲֵøӵӡ
ؽȻϵĵ۹ǣⱳŸֵԪӤѾǿǣսʱӵҲǲݺӵģεĴս֪ڵĸڴսͬ䡣󷨺ƷƷķչԪӤڵĸһͬҲ䣡
Ʒ
ֻ֪ĲƷȴ֪һĲƷɻؿĺ͡
̾һĺ͵ӫڤǵĶҪľĲƷ֮ػһЩһԵ֪ʶͻѧ֪ӵ˼ӶһЩ֮ΪĲƷ磬ʯΪȴԲһֵʲôģҲ̫ǣ˵ǵĲƷ˺ܸߵĳ̶ȣԪӤµĸҲᱻǵĲƷش
ԭϵĵʲôľƷķ밡
жһЩ
Ȼˣ֪Ŀܸӵľ˶ѡ
֪һֱڹ۲ĺʵ
ЦЦ
ĺ͵һսŤת棬˴ϢĻᣬؽѽǻȥһؼѳһ޴ıвٵĸѽӵ˰ȥΣˣ
ԵͷԣǺпܴڵġ
ؽٵĸҲܻ֧ӣǣ밵㣬ȴǺпԣĵľԪӤֻ֣֪սߣǣ޷£Ҫ˵ԪӤĸ֣𵤵ĸֶһҲܹش
⻹˵úһЩȴףԼû𵤶˾Լ
ҵһΪδؾ֮Уһ֮
ʽˡ
ĺվĺʹд⣡
ţؾһڽ
ȴ˲õɡ
һ˲ţҲԼ뷨ֻҪܹؾչսܹԨ۹ǣӶһռ䣬Ѿ㹻ˣȨʲôģҲûпöأȻˣĺͰģȴֶ̫ζԸҲ⡣
ؽĺôĵطۿΣȴް취ڽԳϴңҲԳ֤Լϣ
ûеŪʱĺȴһ˿Ͷ˹˲뵽ʶ֮С
˿ǲûйҲûнзǻǵʱǿʶǰ˿ǽ˰
һ֮׹һԶ϶ԷΪΪĺǰԼˡ
ڽյ֮ĺ͵ʶ쿴ˡ
Ǻαأ
̾һĺȴһ˰õԼãȾͱ⡣
õ˶ԷĻǣԼȥĺ͵ΪҲһ㣬ĺ˵̫ˡ
˵ȴǸӵĺˡ
΢΢һЦĺ͵ʵҲ벫һѣһûǿԴ˼벻ϵͻƷǳѣĺճһ˵Ľ
ֱףȴֱʾһϣҲûپ¡
ڿʼҾıɣ
֪ǾҲвıһְһھʦ֣԰ͳ
лأ
һ㣬ĺȻͳˡ
̸ʱԵȻࡣ
ĺͣ㿴Ҹôźã
ĺ͵ھؾµľ֧㵹ˣؾʧȥ֧˵ؾͿˣԣԲܹ£֧ؾɢˣֻҪڣ⾫֧ͱؽڣ
һֵûôҪ
ĺȴǷǳ˵ĻҪ㲻֪ǵ۹ڲʵ˼Ԫ˧֮⣬ڲûгɫֶˣǵڵߣǵ۹ǧ԰ٿףؼʱ򣬽ܹʾȡôʤ˵Ķ־̫Ҫˣ
Ҳûȥ̸£ʵѵȥ
ĺ͵˵òҪǸҲ㣬ֻҪҲ㣬ؾ͸ȥ
Щˣĺ͵˼ԼΪûԱ£跨ңصķʽָ֧ӡ
⵽Ҳһ취ǲָ֪ô
ĺʹӴóһֻĶݸΪ֮ĲƷһ͵ķʽֻҪԨ۹ڣܹ֮иֵĹͨ
ֻ
¶˹֮飬û뵽绹Ķ֡
Լ˽⻹Ե̫ǳһЩ
תһ룬Ȼ϶ܹչĶԶȵչԶĵطʲôԶȵϵ˸ǿƼĵطôܷչôܹԭʼЩ翴ȫһ󵼣


73 
ĺصǹûбҪԨ۹ǹã
ĺͿ֮˼Ҳ˺ܴת䣬ҲԣԼܻص˹Σʱ޷æ
˵ˣؾҪԼָӣ뿪ԼؾܹɳҲ˵
ĺͣ뷨ĸҰɡ
Ȼĺͳ˲ıҲֵࡣ
ĺ͵Ԩ۹ͬһĴ¥ҪľǰƵֻҪԨ۹⣬ȷͽʧȥ˵һףͬʱٰҲˣǰĹҾͽʧȥҹв
ĺ˵öԣȷһشֵ֧Ϊ
Ҿ֧𵤾ڵĸɨŶԷûмܵĴһЩطչ׳ǵĶ飬ɳһЩͳ˧ԱɵľӣִڸɾӣŲķʽؾں̵ܶʱھܹγǿ
ͷ⵽Ҳһܺõİ취ͨķʽؾҲܹ׳
һ£һ·һͽ󷨣ʱ͸ˡ
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Ȼ˵Լȥǿռ湺ãһоƽͨԼļ֮ԭ
һ뿴һЩ˵󷨳ȻԼԼѪм
һ㣬ؾ֧Ҫľײβҽ齫ʱȥҵֻҪڣؾͲᵹ¡
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뵽֧ؾ˼ûԼƣԼʩչʱͲ֧ؾԼ쵼
ңָҲǲܹܣ
ĺ͵ĻеһͻγΪһ޴սʱΪ˽ؾ϶ľӵ
飬ôأ
˼һ֮ͻȻһ뷨Ǻݷ·ǿõģݷ·ҲãԼ뵽Ԩ۹ϲ㣬κεķ紵ݶԼܹһʱ֪ܹнƻ
ԽԽǸоԼ뷨ܡ
ֻһǴģԼʧٵôͣоμسǳô飬Լص۹һʲô
ʼ¡
ֱδ뵽۹߲뷨һܹƻԨΪ˾ҲҪúݡ
뷨ȴǲĺͣԼһصֶΣ֪ԼֶΣоĺȻͶԼȴҲȫ˽
ұҪģ
֮ʱһѾӽǽͳ˧ʲôһͨǽн
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ţǴĴͣҲָܹӵģ
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ĺͣڵҽһɡ
һ޴ĻְֱӾٿһξ»飬֮ĺ˵ĺ;롣
ĺ֪˼ȴҲ׼һڳЩˣͻѸЩ˽һ顣
ʵ˴඼ʩչ˿ˣһָܹӣǣҲԼ뷨ȻһӣȻЩɣһܻôҶһ棬ϣǶʱҲһЩ˽⡣
ĺԣ㽲һҾ
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ͰսջĴȡ˴֮󣬹һ
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һǳҳ֮⣬Ҳͬźܸߵǻۣš
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ٴΰѸһ˽̸ַ˾ȻԼİ취
⣬Ҳ˽챻ɱָϵͳȷĹ涨£ˣΣȻγɽӰˡ
֧ӶѸԼγһЩϵ֮Ƿˡ
˭û뵽ǣؾʤ֮ʱǻױһսȻȥ
վһɽ֮ϣؾĴĴɢȥ¶ЦݣԼҪǴ뵽Ԩ֮ˡ
֪ؾܹ߶Զ
̫ĵġ
ǹķ˹ȥҲ룬ڲ֪ǹˡ
ĺ˵öԣԼؾҲûãԪӤĸֻҪױ뵽ӪаɱԼͲһְȫΪ
ʵֻҪܹˣھ˭Уû̫뷨
һʼԼԨ۹ˡ
ɽϣ˼Լ룬ҲڵȴԼŵЩ˵ĵ


74 о
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ż𵤸˽ǰ
һս֮󣬺Ǽ𵤸Ҳ˲٣ʣµֻˣҪ¾ǵϡ

⵽˷
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˽ʱȴǷԼĲҲ
ˣһȼϢʲôû
ϢһʱȻ˵Լһ֣ռĵȼ뵽һ
ռԲϷռ䣬һ̫ϵĿռ䣡
Ѿ˽һȷ
׼ˣٴδͣ
ʱǽ۷ĸǴ
˳ȥԼЩ뷨ȫ֪ٴεĴӦÿ԰Լȫָ


78 ȷ
Ӵ߳һǿѹ˲͸оԼȫ±Ϣ
ͬճסöҲġ


˽⵽ʱ֪һǿ⾩ǣֻҪǾǣۼȫϢ޴ڣֻҪǲϿɵˣѹƵöԷʧȥ
д֮£תϷǰԼʶɻʽȥͨӴ
磬߽ľŨ̶ȣһĵ۹ڽʱѡ֮⣬طǿȡǡ
һ۹ڵʱԽǾԶҲԽ࣬γɳҲԽǿ
Ԩ۹ͼţͷޣ͸оһͷ˵ţͷ״
һϮʱȫͱú
Ԩ˿Ȼ㣡
ܵ뵽ľҪ跨ȥһЩֻ۹ȥ˲Ż˥
ʱͼһӵȫ䱸ضסڿţҵиǼ
ţȫתԼ
֪һο飬һּǷԨ˵Ŀ顣
֮ǰ£ǵǳҪһֹͨΨһĿܾԼĻ
Ȼȫʱɽڵȥ
ȻһԴ
һ
һϢ͸ֱܵԴȻ˵ϢǣⱾԴȴǸһʱ֮ҲжϲʲôˣȻѡҲӵԨϢˡ
ȥȫð⾩˵εĿ飬һǷԨ˲ֵܷ
ܵӴڵԨ˵еҲ˼Сġ
ЩΧŵԨ˸ܵȥһҲ
ֻҪϿ˶ԷôԷԨ˵ݾѾûˡ
ʱҲǺ²ѣҪԼӵŻ˲ܹԼѹסҲ϶ᱩ¶

һ˱ȭ
ļûд֮ҲõϿɣǾֻ˵Ԩ˵ݡ
ѿ϶ҹӵݡ
ڳһӸӣ΢΢˵ͷǰ·
ԽǽȴԽĹߵߵ֪ͨˣ㵽֮͵´ȥ
ȻһʱҪȷԼݣǵô˽У
ȷϣѾеˣûԼ˵ԼĻĺƭԡ
һĹԼľôǿӦò̫⡣
ǶԷӵзڵǿߣϳԼʵݲ޿ԣ
˽⵽Ԩ֪Ҹûзϵĸ֣ڵҲ򶨵úܡ
뵽ԼԨĿģǽ˳ȥ
˵ǴʱļĻھһɼŨɱ
ո´Ըܵһǿҵɱ
ʱпܰԼ÷Ƶģ
֮йȻҲǴɱģ
ȴԸоɱ˻ˣûôǿңЩҡ
оۼǹɱ֮ҲǳǿԼԨˣĻǹԸԼһζԲ
ѵ˵ԨĻʵ۳ˣ
ûе˴֮ϡ
һܹܵһǿʶ
ȿһǱ֮ϣȴǲûţĴһʱһ۾Ϳ˺ͼҲŵؿ
ͼ֪һ۾Ϳݡ
߹ȥźͼһ״ˡ
ͼҶҪݽм飬ͼɣ
Ӧһվ
ķӡһɤ˵һ֮󣬾ͼǰڷһ޴Ļ
վڣ
һԾǿ˿˵һ䡣
߹ȥվС
վУҵĿһӾͶǾ޴Ļ档
ֻĻһ֮еķӡֳ
ǴĻ棬һŹǳ֡
ʱӺͼ߳һ֣ǰ˼־֮ǷӡĹǴһ㡣
һҵַӡģ
߿֮ȥһ𵤸֣ͬҲǴ־֮һƿ
˿һۺͼ΢΢˵ͷҷӡַ
һʱͼǰȻҲͬ־һƿ
ƿ˷ӡ֮󣬺ͼԼ쿴һ£ûЩʶֳ
֮󣬺ͼЦҶǻкλ˵
ӵܳⶼҪʶзӡңԽǴļ壬ڷӡʱҼòַͬӡ㣬ÿһ㶼вַͬ˭ҪǿƿǷӡ԰зӡסʶȥ
Ȼˣеķӡַġ
ôĴ󳼣Ľӡ֮Ѿû˸ڻɺˡ
ʵѹʱĽ֮󣬴ҶûжĻˣһֻ֮Ҳɢȥ
ӺͼҲˣһڻкλ˵
ߣسôһǶˣûΣ
ͼһͷ˵
˼سҶΣߣŪ飡
ͷ
ۿĴҲֳִš
಼ˮˣ¾Ͳִˣڼسǵ飬Ƕ˵ģ޹˵ˣǽӵı֪ڳ֮ʰбؾսֵÿ϶

ʱд󳼿첽˽
ʲô£
ˮǴ󳼡
ϲҾӵأռǣϲһƬңɾˣ
ϢĴʱһƬҡ

һ󳼴˽
ҵĿͶǴ󳼵ϡ
ͶǴ󳼵ؾƴǣطɾ𣡡
浽Ѿûѯ˼ˣѾ˻ңǶҡĴ¡
վؾӵصҲһ̫ˣ˵ؾȻ⣬ʱҪؾϵһ²С
վΪߣ
ͼʱԴ̬ȾͷǳˣֱվԼȥ
ͼӣ߹ȥվ
ʱûʲô飬ִ˺һ֮ǲˮȼҪĴ󳼽뵽˺ȥʾ̫֮ٳʱͰ䲼ʥּͼϷȥͳʾӲҵ飬һ֧ȥΧؾ
ںٸԭְھš
ʥּһ£µĻɢȥ


79 
һ޴ĺ֣ĺһܴ󷨰棬ſڣľŨ
һ
ӭүүظ
߽ţŵū;͹ףǾþѵġ
ЩūǿȥʱһǽΪϸϣľֱߡ
ٿһЩȫɢǿɱĸ֣ںҲһЩµ֪
°ɣ
ͼȥ
ݼף
һѵŮʱǰݼźͼ
֪ЩӦþǺҵŮˡ
ǰı־˭ҲˣҲûʲôȽҪõˣټϺĸ磬͸ûʲôϵҲ˰Ȼӽںͼĺ档
ֵüҪ׽
һվ˵ôһ䡣
Ҫ
һֱںҾǽӰƵĺҴǿһüͷһ塣
ںҸûʲôǰ;ĺǴûзģǣһûĸܵǳˣһﱰܸС
ֺҵӵܲ٣кü۾ֳ֮顣
һһɱԼˣ˭ԼǾҪһ³
ǣΪ׼һȥ
ǺǾʹӦһ
˼֮һŮӭ
־һЩͼŮˡ
ͼ֣ͽнһԺ档
Ժһǳǿ󷨲
˽֮һЩڵĸֻĴ
º󣬺ͼϾͶһЩЦݵȻسǶˣǣĳ֮λˣһݣǺкôġ
ûв廰ͼԼЩоˣԼӳ˶ϲ
Ҫǽ쵱ô˼˶ӵݣҪɡ
ı֣ͼҲеˡ
ɳúܿ죬Щҵø㽲һ²УΪϷȥҾӣǰ;ϣ
ϷѾܴ󣿡
ϷɱµĻʵܣϷʾҵģϷ׼꣬γؾڲ֮ʱһ·Ѿǿˣ
ԭ飡
¶˵һĺ¡
㶼ûģ
ûģǵ۹ûˣΪһ·ȥӰ
˵ͼҺڷޣΪ飬Ԩ۹ұؽʸ֮ģ
ΪһԪ˧ͥԼһĵλȶˣԴЩ£˺ͼ˵⻰ŷԼҲֹۡ
Ǹô죿
ҴӾһٴǵȫˣܷһаȻǳҪ
ְУӦ̫ðɣ
ͼЦЦҸҹ˵Ů޸飡
üͷһ壬û뷨
ӣͼΪǵ޷ɹЦЦҹһɺǿǼҽ׼ңںҲãҲãǷǳһ飡Ҳ֪ģǼҵŮ޶ˣǱ׷ĹΪҲ۷壬۽ȻһЩټǰֵҲ̫ãҹûȫӦͬΪǴһЩʱҪһǾܵİҹŮȡ
вΪȻȴǲûرĵطֻ΢΢һͷ
ͼ˵뿪֮һЩǺҵ˿϶øЩǿƵҪǿƣ
⻰Ǻͼ˵⻰ҲҪԨľǸ¡
׷ģһԼ飡
ЦͼҾͷˣ
ǺͼסżԼסǸ˹ȥ
ţͻȻͼղſֳ֮ӭ˹
ˣ
Ϊ׵һкɭǿ˵һ䣬Ȼ󼸸˾Ͱ
ʱͿԼǸǻŮūŮѺƵġ
ǻʲô£һ䡣
ү
ǻϲ֮ԱҪ˵ʱǺɭһЦȱһ̵Ůū͸ҰɣҲŮū
۾һоЩˣٲǻҲߣԼոջʱҪˣǳˣҪһԼӣһԼƣҪоú˿ԼôչҲܹ˼
ԼˣǾıԼˣ
һþˣȻŹ⼸ˡ
붯ʱһ͸оöʶԼ
ԭҪټһԼ
ö룬ˣǰеĺĸǾ뿴ԼʹõĵǲǺҵĹԼʱʹõҵĹǾҪ
뵽ǺĹתȻһѴҲ˳
һչҵսϣ֪⿿ǵΪҸߣҪƴǲҵĶ֣
ӣ˻һۣЦҪľǺƴһ
ʮ㣡
˵ôһ䡣
ǰ˲㣬ڵʮ㵽Ҳ֣ҵҲû̫⡣
ʮһ㣬Щ۸ˣǺǣ
ɭһЦ
ܿ죬ƸǣǺҵĵ׾ת
âһɣ
Ǵһɵĵâ˾һж룬ʲôʱôǿˣ

ܿ죬ÿһ˶ԾˣĴ֮Ȼһ⣬˳Ǵ󵶵˺ɭͷ
ԣǺЩĵ磡
ʲô
ǶԾˡ
ҿĺʩչĺ֮󴴳һе磬󵶻ӶУ׼ʱն£
ģ˵Ǻɭһ䡣
Ǹʲôʱ·żȻϣǺǴһ˹
¶ЦݵĵӺҵ׾ҲǲֻҪһãһܹʣ
ȴǲû˵ǰǵƶǺɭѹȥ
㣡
ɭȻΪӣǣôҲ޷ǵ硣
գ߲ʵĹâȴǷǳǣ˭ҲС⵶Ĵڣ֪û֣Ļںɭˡ
ɭ˷ˣǸ
ǳǵѹеĺɭ˵һ䡣
һ£֪Լٲ˵ܾܿڵˣɭһ£ֻԼõԲˣðֻ뽻һ¶ѡ
һգһͿѺǻŮˡ
Ůһæ⿪ǻķӡ
ǺǱȭһȻ󲽾ˡ


80 ʫ
үˣ
ѿСӭȥ
ٿһū͸ĺ棬üͷɢ˰ɣ
ǵȥ
ƶЩ˵һ䣬˽ȥ
Լסˣʲô鷢
ƶھе֪òˣǻؾ֮鶼һ顣
ӺƵĽ⾩ǺͺҲ֪˲٣һϵͲܺ˵ĴҪԼͻȻôĶҲͲ̫Ĺʡ
ǻ֮Ҳûǵ飬ֻǽǺɭǿǻѡ
ڻһŮūƸû¡
үĵҲûʲô飬Ǹոսӵ˾Ԩʫᷢμʫ
ʫ᣿
һ㶣֮ʹӼ֪ʫᲢǾǵϵʫᣬһΪϵıԣǾǹжǵһʫڹ⾳սı
ǼйⷽݵоһºȻġ
үҪһؾǣ
ƿͳɵ˵
ؾ
ƿ˿ʱһЦ֪˺Ƶ뷨
ǰֻҪıԣͲȥμӣǶ˵һŰΪ
Щʲô˲μӣ
˵˶ȥҹУвү͹ʲôġ
ү˵λһִŮ˼棬үμӡ
һ⻰һָоεʫỹпԼ
ظǣ˵׼ʱμӣ
ү˵αɱʫȻս⣬γɻ棬Ҫʫйԣ
˵ʱͿ
Ҷ֪ͲʲôʫβμʱʫƨͨʫĻĿ
֪ԼʫϲУרŷӹ
رǺͼҹףҹȴǸŮȥμʫᣬһʲôŮΪǸߺͼҹͬ⣬бͼĶӾμӱˡ
˺ͼӰ
ǿѾ˱仯ˣ
ͨ£ףźͼȥҶȥѾΪá
һظɡ
죬Ҳûٶ˵
ȻҪԨ£;Բѡ͵Ļ£ȻҪμˡ
˶˳ȥ˼ԼһҪ顣
ʫ
Ͳ±ʫôྫʵʫ㹻ˣ˵ˣԼоʫҲйˡ
֮ҲоȻӵųϵһЩʫʣǣϵʫûʱԼȫԽһ¡
ڶԼ˵Ҫľΰʫ빦ںһ⡣
н⾳ĸеʱһ⾳ĸ˵Ϊǣ벻ԼЩڳʫֱʫΪʱ˼άʱһչ
ȫΪԼһķ
⾳սΪ̫࣬ԼΪβܣ
Ǻĺɱһ⾳ɱУ
ѾãҪľǽһϤ
ܿ죬ͳĸ֮С
ȫѳ֮ÿһѨѳһС͵ĵ
йʫ⾳ҳͣо
ԭһ󷨵ð
ʶǳǿо֮رڶԼк֪ⷽú󣬾һ֡
⾳һֹḶ́һĶѻȻһ󷨵ãֻҪˣʫγɡ
һĲ㣬ʫάֵʱ䲢ϵ⣬дʫĻ沢̫ǿĹ
ʫҪӴԼ˵ѣ⣬ԼΪʲô԰Ʒķдʫأ
˿ڿдʱкܴѶȣԼʶ㹻ǿⷽȫơ
ʫԳ˵ģǣʫȴҪԼŪ˰ܾͰ档
Լ˵Ӧû⣡
ָĳ֣ͷԼһڵһֺصķʽȻࡣ
ҲܹΪ
Ҫˣ
ϲط֣Լʮıݷ·ͽȥ
ҶˣԼϷһӦö೯÷չС
ҲϷͲعĽ䱾ܹ߳һصĵ·
еȫ׿ɴͳ뵽С
߳ʱͼ׼ˡ
ĵͼѵõ¶Цݵͽˡ
⻰һҵЩȫһĿ⿴ȫ벻ͼǰҪѺա
ߣˣ֮ɺ𣬴Сȫط
⻰ҶĬˡ
ûҵ飬ֻǽźͼȥ
ǰ;ϣҽӵǰߵսѣ
еߣͼЩ˵
ܷȥˣ
ͼԼҲźøС
̾һͼϣ
һ£ͼ˶ϵ˺棬֮䲼һ֮󣬶¼ݱʱˣλѾչҵǰǰ;鷢ȻûܹҹŮ㶨Ͷȥɣ
⻰źͼȥоͼ·лƵġ
Һͼӵܴ಻ļδˣҲȥ⣬һһǽЩҲҪҺ£ԣԼŰˣʱһἰʱһЩ㣬ԼҲҪһЩ׼У
ʣ
ˣڴҵĿУԼǺгϢһˣͼ˲ٵӵܣȻһзȻֻԼˡ
ͼףڲŶԼ˵⻰ҲǽһЩ֮ˣ
һᱣԼ
ֵúǵ˵
֪ʫ飬ҹӦ˾ˣͬŮ޸ˣν뿪ʫᣬȥĻͻ󣬲ȥĻл˵ˣʱǻȾܵԣ˵ȥȥһԼǺˣ
һǰȥ
ͼһµΪ֮
˵⻰ͼļ򣬽󷨣߳
˭Ҳ֪˽Щʲôҿȴ̫ɻ
ͼ뾩ûĲֻһЩԱУȻֻźһǧȥˡ
վ￴źͼȥҡͷһָоκͼǲˡ
ֵļ֣ԨʵۼݱԨѾڻҵıԵͼѿҲȥͻͶĳһһҲ˵
һָоκͼԸоһΣӵ˶ˣҲԼȥȴָܰһԼ˴ߣֻǰԼˡ
Щӻˣ


81 Ϊ
ϼɣƣؼյʮɫԼУɼ¥̨ͤ¥󣬵Ӱ߶
ֺͣ羲˷·ɾһ㡣
黭ɾ
ԨΪ黭ɾڵء
һڶĹء
үѵ黭ɾ
ǻĿгһ֮飬Сڷе˵һ
ۿȥŨ
Ӧ
һȻһЩɫǸ̾Ԩ۹ǿ۹֪Ѷٹˣ˶ԷʱǰѶԷȡڡ
һСүСǽŵĵطǻһЩ⡣
֮ȥ
һȥڵĵطһ޴ĳ¥ƣ󷨵Ĺâҫ
ٿȥʱķǵſڡ
ֻǹâ֮һʫ¯̣ңٲǰֱǧߣ졣
һȻ׵ʫоһ㶡
õ˵ʫʫΪŵʫ˵Ҳ
ǲ֪жܹʫе⾳
ʫһ׵ģ
һЩ
߹ȥһ˧˵¬֣Сˣ
룬֪ܹﵽʲôʫ
¬֣Сζиʫ鶯Ϣˣ뿴
˵䣬ֻһȫϢӿ
ܿ죬ͼǰǳһСС¯¯иɢһЩ
ͼɫЩҰܣ̾ʫˣ
ϲ
ۿҲ˼䡣
ܹʫڲܹеһѾǳ
¬룡
ͼ¬ͬأһٲܹˮ
Цˣ
ٲ֮¬֮ЩԵһЦҲ˺ܴĸ򡣡
¬ִţҿʫζˣ
ǵģʫҪĲͣע룬ϧΪֻܶݵ֧֣˵˵ȴҲһԵ֮¶
˲ŵĲ֮ԶһСţ˵˽ȥ
˼
¶Ц⣬˲ʶǿܹһܿɹʫĹǿ
ʱһ߹ȥ̧־һ鶯¯Źâ¯֮ϣ֮ҲԵõ˽ȥ
٣ôģҲ룿
ʱһֵū͵Ĵӵ´Ц˹
˵⻰һͬһһӸ΢ЦҲ˹
٣첻Ҳ˰ɣ
һ¼˵ǰԼǶˡ
һǰȥ̧ͬһٲɽʫ
ʫԺǵɡ
˵꣬ûˣֱӾʹŻ˽ȥ
ɣ
ˣʫô˸оһˣ
ôܣƾǵͣʲôʫ
һƣѵѽ뵽˸ߵĲΣҲ¶֮顣
ûЩ˵ıۣ뵽֮󣬾ͿʼĴ˹ȥ
ʱһ˹ǺүɣεϯλµĹ涨㿴ǰֳʮ㣬ÿһҪľһʫչʾһǳɣܹչʾһһ㡣
һ۷ȥͬŨϼ
Ϊ˰
ǰûֱַ𣬶ͬһԣȴŪʮȾһԼ
˼ʱ˵Щ˹涨ʫݣֻʮʫʮ֮ϵ˲ʸ֮£μӵĻƾǿֱʮġ
үһ涨μʫ˵ˣһֻһˣԣˣ
¶֮ؿ
һĴȥβμ鵽ʱ˵
˵
⻰˿Щ㶡
үһͿʼˡ
˵⻰һвŵĵطȥ
һȥͿԨӰһЩ֪Щ˶μˡ
Ȼʧһһ㣬ЩӣǣǰμӵȴǷǳ֮ࡣ
ֵúƽ˹ȥ

ʮƽ̨ϣ޵ŮЦϣЦԨĹ絽
ҹ뼸үмλϣҵ鲢ûܵǲ̫ڿݱӰ졣
˵ϲԨ˵һʵҲƽ
ʫʵڴ˵һνһĽĴᣬԨҪ仯ˣҲҪһλйͨ
һĸУɶѵڵ顣
ٿǺһЩĵطŮЦϷУҲ̫Ρ
˵ʲô
ҹһӸ
ҵĿͶҹϡ
ҹŷԼЩʧ̬ЦЦûʲôֻ˵Ǻһʫ嵽ʮ㣡
ʲô
Ǻǡ
⻰ǶЦ
˲Ǻмֱ´һģҪкҵĹǰôڼسǸôĶҹŪôһͨزʸμԵ飬ĿľҪÿȻƾԼı
֪
̫˵뷨
˵ǰͼھǵĻҶںһЩη壬ںͼ뾩ˣ˭ϷѾͼǷܻŻ⣬ССĺӵܾǳΣ
ǵŮ￴һŮŻϳһʫ⡣
⻭ѵûо裬Сɲ¶ǣͷʫȫ¶˳һû
Ůһ
ʫⳡһǿ
ǻŮ΢΢һЦֻУ־չ˲ͼҵǰֳһʵĻ棬岨УһƬҶͤͤͣ棬ǳͣɿ
̫ˣ
ŮǾ
ʱҹľǽ
ʲô
ҪһĴ
˵ˣβμ˵ֻѣ
⻰˶ˡ
Ůɫ΢΢һ䡣

һŮŮӾͺһ䡣
ŮĿⶼͶŮϡ
ߣ
ŮҹŮͼ˵ʱǿҵķԣŴٳ˽޸Ĺ顣
ӵܾȻȢԼȫǶӵ飬ΪҹŮǻ׷Ĺ񼧵һٸ⡣
ʲô˼
Ǻ˵Ļʲô˼
񼧾͸ӲˣǺԼμ
ԿԼ˼
񼧾Щˡ


82 
λ˴ʮܼ򵥣һΪһ㣬ʮɣʮ㣡
һͷǧ˽Ŵ˴ʮ̨Ĺء
ȷǺܼ򵥣ûҪʫеݣֻһѡ
ǣһܴˣÿһ֧Ľþ۶ɢһֱʮɣҪʶͷǳǿˡ
ûи
˾
˳
һվת˳ȥ
óϷ졣
Ҳ˳
һԥһ£Ǳʾ˳
ߣҲ̫ˣʮҿԪӤڵĻ࣡
ҲһӦûֻܹҪʶ㹻ʮ;ˡ
˵ףмʶôǿ
۷׷Увٵѡ˳
ߣҪŮвѵģ
һȥƺǿ˺һ
ôѣ
ųе뵽ʱεıҲ˽⣬ȷһҪǿΪ
ѵԼ
Щ˿ȥʱͷм˵ʶ
λпʹֻҪ״˾С
ͷֽһ䡣
ֽͣʱкЩһ
һ󣬿˳Ѿʱͷڿʼʱһ㣡
˵ţŮȥһ޴㰸ϵȼһ㡣
ͷڱԿʼ
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ÿһѽͲɢȥԴŵڶ㡣
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ʱǵ鶼ҵɫҲֳ֮顣
һֱûж￴ŴҵһƽԼǷܹġ
ıʱȴһֿĸоһܸܲһأ
˱ȻⱦпдһЩ󷨣֪ܲγһ
ܿ죬ͷͳһַ󣬽ʮʮγɵһ󷨡
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뵽Ϳʼжˡ
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һүĿͶȳ嵽һϣһۿȥ˰ƮƮ˧Ҳм֮
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Ŀٴתׯ֮ϣׯ֮ӵеǸʶķҹԵͷԼȥȻׯ֮İܴʮ˵Ӧⲻˡ
˲֪ҹȴ֪ׯ֮һһԪӤֵĵӣֻҪׯ֮ŪԼŮԪӤĸֵվԼһߣ֮ȫûˡ
ʱҲЩˣׯ֮񼧵˫۾ɢŹʣٿɲǰ׽еģׯ֮һʵׯ֮Զ֮԰룬ҵĵλĸѡ
ߣҪҵķׯ֮Ī
תۿȻڵһĺʱƲһ졣
Լ߸׵İ취ȻͰЩԼ۵ѹˣܹǳ
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˵ˣһָоԼϷҲҪһʺϵĹֶΣܹһֱƤƤǶܶԸԪӤ֮µ˻кǿϾ֮һЩԼֶβС
ӦԼһ
ͬʱҪҲдȥ
һоһ߿д󷨡
ǿ
ȷɢ󷨡

ǿ󷨡

ñԶ󷨡
һ󷨿дĽϡ
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ⱦûжһֻҪʮһԾ춯أ
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һûʲôɫıѣСҲˣܹһѳ͵ıûȫ
ҵ϶¶Ц⡣
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ڴҰЦʱֻոһѽĺ˵ڶ֮һѽ
ʱׯ֮ǵ˵߲㣬ʮ￴ȥû̫⡣
ʱ鲻һַ֮ѾȫգûκһͣϵŸϵһȥ
㣡
㣡
Ĳ㣡

˲㣡
Ƿ·ûʲô谭һѰȻһȥе˶סˡ
Ǻ
ҪڴоȷǺҿܶҪˡ
ôܣ
С쿴һĺȫסˡ
񼧸о˼飬̫˶ĿͶϡ
ׯܹ֮嵽˲㣬ΪӵʶһЩҲǽʶ֮Ķһ·ʲôƾʲôܹôԶ
ô룬ۿǺȴѾվ˵ھŲ㡣
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Сôô
﷢ȴϲ֮ԼҵһϷĴˡ
ԺԼȫƾԼǿ󷨣ý󡢵ķʽйͬӵž޴ɱ
ֻ֣Ҫд󷨣ʱ˱ըͬǳľ޴
һѽˣ
ʱ
ͼܵͬ롣
˲ʱУǹ˴
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ʮ
һ
Ĵ𣬾ͼʮѱǿоγһǧ֧


83 
УЩط޸һ£
ʮѱӵ˵ϵʮʸ
һµС
﹥ֶη·Ϊһȴš
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ǣȴǷǺûɢȥЩȻЩߵ˵ʮһҵϢĵط
Сʲô
ôûһյ
ܰ
ڵĺڴ˵ͳ˺棬ȫû뵽Ȼܹߵⲽ
ٿҹʱҰ̾һʧȥ˺ͼĺôҹĶ֣ҹΪӣѺˡ
ûȥܴҵ뷨ٴγ뵽⽣С
Ӵ֮£ͲԼã˵ѾһЩžˡ
ʵһֶֽΣ
ʶǿ̶ȣΪԨʢ﹥顣
ֶֹֻеӵԪӤʶܹӳƣԼҲֻ֪һЩƤë
һֽΪõֶΣ
ֻҪԼƤֶȫȥǾ԰Գ
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ҹ㲻ùǣ˵ˣɱˣҲֻǹѧղϧΪЩУҽ㻹˳ɡ
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һˣƾǲҲˣ
̫ˣֻҪӦϳֻһ档
ˣ
ף֮󣬺군ˡ
һŵ񼧿ȥʱ˰̾һȢһŮҲҪ۵ģͲ֪ܻܲˡ
ǩ״
ͷǴ˵һ䡣
Ļһ䣬һɢŹâƮ˴ҵϿա
һεεѪˮǼ뵽֮С
һҹͬҲһѪͶ뵽С
ֻҪһǩ״ǾһϢ뵽棬˭ҲΥ״־Υ߾ͻܵ췣
ʱҲע⵽νƳļѡһۿȥЩоȻΪ϶ﵽ˽𵤰˲ӡ
Ӧ׼˵ѡĿĲ˵ˣǷԼģԼȻӱˣǵĿĺȷҪɱԼ
֪˭ɱ˭أ
˾ģҪúõɱһ


84 
ʮƷڷзйķҿȥ񶼻
һ˵ÿһƴھȻһӳʮÿһ˵Ϣ
ʮΪƷջʤߵõ
˵⻰ͷҹ
ҹ΢΢һЦ֮£ƴԼ֮ȡʸһбؽǿӱƴɣ
˵¶Цݡ
ʼ
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ۿȥҶھ
ǾͿʼɣ
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־չİѴпдŸֵ󷨡
ɱ
֪˭һĻս˲չ
Ϊʮȫƴɱ
ǧƺХҿɱ
һһǿķơ֮Уɱ
ھУ̣
ľǳ֣ͣǡ
գʱˣ湥
˶չ˹߶һʲôʫ֮Ǿʱչ˹
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Ȼıܹˣ
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ɱ
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˭
˵ս֮ϣĵǰǿһЩ˸ɵˣ˴εıƴ˵ǻԨĺ󱲾Ӣ

˶ԵؿЩ𵤼үҲ
㲻Ǻ˭ҹĿһָһ
ˣ
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ҹ֮еôĴ֤ҵݣ£㲻ǲͬҸ׵飬Ůûۣ±𣡡
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ǿ
ЩСͻȻôĶ


85 Ϣ
һصĲʬٿʱ׼һսӣһүЦЦȷϣ飬¾Ͳ˵ˣɱôˣǩ״˰ɣ
´ҿģ˰ɡһһôһϵү˵ôһ䡣
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λߴһϲ£ոսӵǰսҾľթ֮ƣǾӲͻϮǾӣһսǾȻ߸ͽǻʵӭƣǿгأʧѾˣǵ۹عˣ
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ԨڻţȫǾ޴ʤ÷񣬿ǣأ
ȴһ־޴ʧС

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Ϊʲô
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ڻȫ뵽˷֮УûȥԼİΣȫֻ֪ͣĹŵ
ǻĴٻʶȻûȥִȻƤŵѹŵԼǰһеˡ
үѵˣ֮ȥ尡
ǻʱ𵤵ĸԽԽΧ˹ȥ֪ڵͲлĿܡ
ǻֻܴ֪
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86 ׷ɱ
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87 
޴ĹĻСǻ棬¥ѲߵŽڵĸ֣߹ȥûнǸֱӾߵǰ
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ʶʱ˺ܴˣʶͣⷨڲռ̽顣
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һֱľǽǴڴ͵ʱȡεСҲһδԼ˵ǣСһ֣Ƿˣ취
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תۿǸղżķ򣬳ɫһ䣬оó⻤ֵͬһйĿƵģڿķ
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쿪ʼԲܹٲñеķʽһ취С
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Ȼڲһ֮Ϳһطݡ
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һƬ֮أ֮أȫ޷Ҹľǽ壬ǿȴﵽһĳ̶֮ͬͬһ
⻹ҪݣҪľطľǷչǵˮƽﵽһܸߵĳ̶ȣȫӵźɱԪӤֵ
ͳԾˣȫû뵽ԼȻᱻ͵һط
ô죿
ЩԼع˵򣬿ǣ޷ع飬һαһδ͵øԶ
طĵжԶأ
ֲ쿴˺һֻ֪֮ͬҲ˵õʺţӶ뵽ռУ޷Ū
ԼĲû뿪磬ǵ֮ˣ
һѡһùܴ߶ķ
ַҲڿзеĴ߶ѣʮҾ͹һ֮ΪܷƷ
ǿռõĴһһ䷿Сķǳǰ
֮ԹһҲԼĿǣȻ޷һԼֻҪ÷УԼͿռ


90 װ
һɳ棬һСķ󷨡
ǺСķ󷨶Ҫʯάʱֶ֮ʶ
طûκε
ֵĵطӦþһǣôȴǺ
ǷǷ˼죬ۿȻɳȻʱҲһЩҰޣȥЩҰҲûʲôͣһЩͨ
׽һͷҰƵĶ쿴һҲûҰ޵ӡ
ŭ𣬻ɳ裬ʱҲ޷Уֻòһ֮ȴյķ
ͬƵĵطȫûκε
ŷ֮ķɳ뵽ԼôңԶֻǰ̾һ
ҲôӴȺҲ˵ܹ壬Ǹսص
ôǣЩǿɻվɣ
ֻõķˡ
ԼżҲûãǿԼ
뵽ʺŵĿռ䣬һжôأһо壬ԼǳҪԲһϷĿռ䡣
ٴνʺſռ䣬һ
ǳֵĿռ䣬ʱٴγ֣֮ҲӰ졣
ĴһָоռʵǷǳʵĵطпܾĳһͨϵ
Ƿ±Ӫ
һʾǰ
룡
ֱӾ͵˽ʾݡ
һȻ䴫͸оԼȫһȫһʱǱͽһͨ
ûеʲôоʱվϴ뿪ĵط
Ũһʱ͸оԼ˵ҲڿٵĻع顣
ˣ
֮Ҳܹõʮ֮һΪֵҲ˵ԼָΪĻҲܹõָġ
뵽˫۷ˣԼ˵һϲѶˣԺ֮ͬҲܹлָ
һ£ɴһоȫĶѨȻ
ȻĵطȻǷֱҪÿࡣ
һ֮󣬿ǻָ˳ʺſռ䡣
֪ռʲôĳƺ뵽ǴʺŽ룬ɴͳ֮Ϊʺſռ䡣
ʵҲˣԴͬ±Ӫ֮ǽҲڷı䣬֮ΪʶռȷһЩÿһνѾʺţһʶӡڽ롣
ÿһ˵ʶȫͬģҲ޷Ƶģرʶεӡ;ԲǿԸıģǴҲû͡
İ󶨣ȫΨһԵݡ
ھҪǷԼˡ
ʶԼ̽ȥʱһ־ϲ֮顣
ȻͿԼڵһЩȻ٣ȴҲȷš
֮ԼҲܹͬģ
֣ȫƽ
ֵʺſռ䣡
ٿĴʱһۿȥ֮ϣһ֮ء
ȥ˷óǸ
û⣬Ǹʧȥ˵޷У⣬һ߷Уһ߳硣
ĲԼῴĳг˺档
ڷ˾ʾԶһ֮ڷϽ뵽ʺſռ档
оʾֻҪ鷢ԼȫԵһʱ֣·޼ʣһѰ·һ
γ±ӪĿռ֮һʾˡ
±Ӫڶ񣬻ȡװ
ⶼʲô񰡣
ʾЩˣһ񻹺˵ϾҪڶȻǾװ
һʱЩˣ±ӪȻ±ӪһҪĶÿԼıȥȡֻԼȡһʿ䱸ʿӪǰҪ
Ȼһ̬ĵط
ڳ˼ʱҪȥˡ
װΪѥӡͷ¡ӡװĿΪһɽɽկߵǵɽկȥɽˡ
һɽկȥһɽկɽˣ
Щվ
һ±ɵһɽկɽˣ
Щˡ
һ֪±ӪԤǺεȵı̬ˡ
ûȥȷϡ
ȫһͬһЮ֣һɽԶ
Ŀ꣬ɽϵɽɽկ
ʾ֮Ҳٴڡ
ʶĴһ̽ʱһȻǰһСӣڶߡ
ʲôط
һ£С˹ȥ
һС򣬼˾̫ˣʽԱС
Ժֵȫڣ
һȥȫһģӦоС
֣
ֻһݡ
Ԥɣ
һװϴЦ˹
ڶ£һӣȥЩҡ
һȭһô
˵¿Ҳ±ģʱ̫ˣҲĵòˣһЩ֮飬άݡ
ǰ룬
ò׼һѯˣȻҪ¿̽Щ鱨ˡ
ҳǰһ֮ƺڳƺ϶б׼ģδΪʽ±ֻܳѣֻҪ±ˣܹ֮Ϊսѣһ֮ԣԺϵۼʲôˣһѺˣ
֪ĳƺæлѣ
˵䣬˾ͽ뵽һҾ¥
֮ʵµѣ˶ɽģôȥغװɣ
Цһ¿ûʵѵ֡

صѰ㿴ӣһ£ˡ
ӦҲǸɣ
صѼЦˣʮˣ
Ӱ۾¿ôҲû뵽һ±Ȼ˶ʮꡣ
ӣ¿Ʊĺһھƣһָ¥֪⿪¥ʲôԪӤ氡±Ӫͬûܹͨ
ˣ
ͳԾؿ¿оԼ̫ˡ
µѣˣ
˵䣬һͷ˽
ͷĽ룬͸оһǿϢѹȶһִĸо
˰ɣѣϢ˭֪ԪӤڵˡ
žƵ¿һ
ȻͿ˵ǸһֱԪӤڵ󣬱ԪӤڣͬҲɲ˾װ񡣡
⻰һ˵ǱƼǿͬйƵģȫɢȥ߹ȥƱҲһڶɡ


91 ļ
һڲˣĲȫͬӳ硣
飬뵱ҽʱҲǳϣȴֻܿһ¥ˣ
ôһɽ˵һȥĻоѰɣ
ԽԽɻ
˻¿̾صѣ̫ˣô񣡡
ָָǵûУȫˣ
ˣһС̯˿ȥɫһ䡣
һָɽկķûУɽϵɽ˲ǽйҲֻǹ̶һķΧ֮ڣֻҪģǲŻй
˵ͷҲСô٣ȴǲûܵԭ
¿̾㲻׵ģװֻܶɣӣɱȥÿһ˶ᱻת뵽һ棬ԼûκεĹϵ
ҲǸһ
¶ˣҲ̫ˡ
˰ɣǶ˹ȥ뵽ԼУȫûκεĹɽկͬɽկȴֻܶɡ
ԪӤΪӦװɣ
ѯʣƤһ֮飬Ͷ˾Ʊ
¿ЦصѱˣܲҵģھͿʼһֱ˹أ˽𵤣ѶȻҲһ㣬Ȼû񣬺ԪӤѶȻԪӤѶȣ޷Ҫ¥ʹظˡ
ΪѶҲ
֪ʲô֪֮ҲȻˣѹԪӤĸҲ޷
һˣ
ʵǵĻ⣬ʧҪҵģ
¿ͷ㼶вͬļ۸Ĵͬ۸ҲͬĿռʶḴһݣˣҲܹģȻˣ⸴ҪˣûңܹȴǻʧʺţӴ˲֪飡
֪ԭҲͬ
̾ԽԽˣҿҲһξǮˣ
˵һ´ļ۸𣿡
еЩˡ
¿κʱ״񶼲һҾͿˣֻдӵڶʱŹҾٸɣڵˣڶͬһʱңʱİңԴƣÿһηһ𵤵ľǴһǧΪˣͬÿһηһԪӤһΪ
ˣһҪ顣
ٿʱЩ֮ˣǻ̫ҡ
أ
һ䡣
ÿһ񣬷͸ϳռˡ
Ŷ
̾һһ˵һмꡣ
λռ䵽ʲôҵҲûŪס
һֱɻĵطòײҵѯʣȻһˡ
ɻؿ㲻֪Ƽû
ҡҡͷһλǰǰעģҸͲ֪
¿˵ı͸һӡ
һᣬ¿̾㾹ȻˣҲòҪ֪Ƽ㽲һ£ռҲֻž޴ףǱַǳ˲ܹõУ
ȻԵȴǲ̫ҽѻǶһЩǷǳ̬Ҫ͵һʱ׼
⵽ҲһΪĽ飬лѵĵ㲦
ҳһȻԵҾ͸ѽһɣʵ̫ռҪԣΪܹܹپõĽǴۼǮƣȻֻҪÿôǮȥһµʸˣ˴֮󣬻ܹ޽ٶǣһܴ⣬Щ˴ڵҪѵжһ޷ģ
һ㣬͸еԼͷЩˣֲôܹɣ˴ڶûˣÿҪһһҪˡ
һвһ֮룬ͨܿٽ磬ȴûûңǾ˶ߵĳ̶ȣ˻ʱǵΪҲֻܴﵽԪӤ
˵
ѵ˼˵ǶȽڵˣʧȥǽʧȥһϢҲֻԪӤ㣿
ͷҸһ飬ûңռжҲֻԪӤһΪ
ѹ֣
ЩˣߵľԪӤڵĸ֣ô٣˵ռ䣬Ӧû᲻ٵĳԪӤˣȴȫûУˣ
¿ѣܻһû뵽˻ȥǵô죿Ҫ֪ǴڣȻŴڵӣǣʧȥ˴ڵʸֻ֮ԪӤӣ˵ǻᷢʲô飿

Ծ
¿΢΢һͷ
ʱɫӲÿˣ̾˰ɣЩ˵ھһḶ́
᲻ǿۿڣȥɱһ
һҪ⡣
һЦ¿¾޿ܣж磬ܹչʾֻԪӤΪ
ʱҲһԼѯҲЦҪˡ
֪ĶһЩʲôطˣҲǲ١
Ыǵߣµǳǵߣ֪ʲôߣ
ӫڤǡ
΢΢ͷǴǣܹߵ߼ʣռǾ̫ˣôԵݣǸһ
Ҿͺȸ˱еľơ
¿˾֮ҵоǵռ֮ʵ˲ŵѡˣֻĳ±ܹ֪
¿ͷǵģֻ˲ܹĿռ䣬뵽һµĲΣǻ̫һЩҲ̫һЩǵڶҶ֪ʲô񣡡
ô飬Խ𾪣ǰΪӫڤϾ̫Լ׵Ķڿһȫµأǲ֪Լʲôʱܹˡ


92 ̲
ûм˽֮ܵоͶ˼СģߵɽկϽһЩĵطѧŴҵӣŪһ֮۲ɽկ
Ĵ඼ԼµҲûȥѯʴҵŶǴӸ
ɽկȥܴ󣬲һۿȥȴҲ١
˵־װزֹһദطֻеһѣеһһȥҪҲˡ
˵Ƿǳ࣬ȴǺнÿһ˶Եúǳ
Ҳܹҵ飬ò˽ռĻᣬҶϣܹסĻᡣ
жٴĵطأ
²ֵطǷǳࡣ
Щɹ±ӪӦҲ٣һЩ޵
絽һʲôĵطܶԼ˵һݾ
֪ԼҲҪúõİסһᡣ
ЩԾͱ˽ˣȥʱͬÿһ˶ԵأܵĵϢš
ѶȺܴ
ӣʶɽկ̽ȥ
ǷԼʶҲֻܹ̽鵽Χһ赲Ļ֣ʶͬܽ롣
ˣĵطܾ޷֪ɽ˵
һ£뵽ϴνһֱûкúõоЩƷ
ȡ˽Ʒ֮ȾһѴ󵶳ǰ
ְѴУʶһ̽ʱ͸оѴǲĴͬһ㡣

ûԥҪѴ󵶽ż
ǵһЩѪˮѴ֮ϣȻԼж
һЩıУ֪ԺԼʹõӦþǴ󵶣Ѵ󵶣ȻһʱҪһԼ
뵽˴УѪˮҲ뵽˴С
żԸܵԼĳصϵ·ѴǱԼһ֡
ǿȥȻȫ뵽֮С
ˣ
Ŵȫ뵽ڣ¶Цݡ
ѴƽʱͰԼΧҲһ㱣ֻҪԼʹãһʶܹ
ֶΣʵʵĴ󵶣ıȻ͸Ӿˡ

һʱǳϡ
ٿѪһεĴ󵶣ɢĵơ
ˣ
ջ˴֪֮ԼΪߣѴԺҲ᲻ͣĽףǵһԼͬɳıˣͲ֪ԺѴܹɳʲôӡ
ȡɣ
ѴȡΪ
պ˴󵶣ǳʮöѪõѡ
ʮöѣ֪ԼһЩӣǿ϶ܴġ
оһЩѪõҪľ޴Ȼ޴еһЩѪҺ֮ȻֻܹҪѪ֮Լܹȡعչˡ
⵽Ҳ򵥣
ѪõӣǾֳӡ
޴ӻһطòС
ҵ˳ƷĵطȻ޴Ҳг۵ģ֣һ־һ޴һӵӣһ־ǿռָε䣬һִָϣȴԵĽָǽָԳһռ䣬ڳöˡ
һң
ҧһǹ
ϺһװһЩԼѪҺ֮ͷ棬Ȼǰʮöѷŵǽš
ˣ
֪һǵȴˡ
ʶ˳䣬ǸоԼЩͷΣǼǷѪãĻЩˡ
ܾתϷҲٵתǳ뵽֮С
Ŀռ䣬ڵϢ˼ʱ֮оԼȫĵҲ»ָ˹Ҳࡣ
Ҫǽָٿѵʱһ˳˿ռ䡣
ۿȥʱԶһǳǰ
ҵˣ
оȻһָж֮飬ɳ֮÷˼ҵһǣһ̫׵顣
ʶ̽ȥͷǲûӵеĻ֣ǣȻһ߶вĸо
϶ŶԼҲӵв֮Ķ
ʱǽӽ˴ǡ
˽ǰʱӵŸַ˲٣ԼҲֵ̫ر
Щ˿ȥʱһθߴ
壡
һЩ˵һֵ˵֮ŷ޵ĸо
ֵĵطѵϵЩŷ˾Ǵȥģ
۲֮Щ˵ľЩϵŷû
ķոͣڵϣسǵļǳ˹
һ۾ͿЩ˵Ϊˣվ￴Щˡ
ˣһΪ߳Ծһ䡣
õͨ
оͨӦûˡ
֮ͷӦ˵Ǿ仰
֪壡
ǳԾˣȫû뵽˾ȻҲ֪塣
Ҳͨͨ˲ʱᵽóסͨٻöˡ
ʱһҪ޵ĸоˣȫû뵽ԼһطȻܹͨǵĵ·Ҳ̫˼ˡ
ֵĵط
Ǵʱ֪Ԩ˵ǰԼô͵ģȻ͵һܹϵϵĵط
óЩŷ˶ĵų⣬Щ˵ӡ
ʲôط
б̲ǣһУǶˣӭĵ
壡
Ҳ֪Щ˵Ȼһֽе塣
ܼ򵥵ѯ֮ͽ뵽ǡ
Ϳźܴ󣬵֮͸оǺܴǾͽ޴ڵˮϣ΢紵Ǳ̵ˮ浴ƣ񣬹Ȼһܺõĵط
ûĲǳʺס
ٿŵĶǱʱֽ뵽ŷ޵ĸоǿҡ
ȻˣʱҲῴһЩˣַǳ١
ҪУ
壡
ʱͻȻһ
̧ͷһʱͬҲ¶˾ϲ֮Ҳˣ
һͷǼ֮飬ĳ֣ȫڲ
ǰ
ȻûдӶԷϸܵǱȭһ
Ȼ壬Ȼ尡ߣҼȥ
˸Ͳƴǣߡ
ͷӣҲһЦҲҸ˽Լ֮˵Ȼˣͷȥ


93 
ߵ·ϣҽܽĶ塣
ˣҶ
һСԺսͷʹ
ͷô飬Ҳһֺеĸо
ͷĺ߳˲ˣŮٶС
עһʱȫ֣û֡
ҵĿȫͶϣϵµڿţҲЩ˼
ЦͷСѿ£ܳʱûˣ˵̲ÿһҶʶģһ۾Ϳˡ
׹
Χһ֮̾һԴͨס֮˾Ͷ˻ع֮·ˣ
ǰѵͨģʵ
ĶҲͬˣʵСѵͨͶ֪Ǵʲôطģ
ڴǴ⣬Ȼ͵䵽ɳĮ棬÷˺öҵģоطûʲôĵطǰ֪
˵һӰȥĶȻȻ
ó̫ź
ʱǸֵˮϣӵǶЦ
رһЩļҵŮǣͣϵµĿֿ
ļҵһûô뷨ˣһˣǸǳһֺ֮ġ
ĶҲѵõĿһˣеСѴǶϢЩˣܷ㽲һǵ
ȻҲżȻĶ֪ҪعЩˣһѯ
Ҳ˵뷨Ͱڵҽһ顣
ʲô
ĽͷɫǴ䣬ȫû뵽徹Ȼˣ
˵̾һҾ֪϶ҪµģȻˣ
һһָоͷӦ֪ٵ飬ͿĶǰ˵һ³ʲô顣
˿Щеǣͷ˻ֵȥɡ
óͷţЩǶܿɢȥ
ɢȥˣͷſû뵽巢飬Ȼô飬ЩҵǿԸСһ¡
һ£ͷ
ͷĴ£˾һӡ
һӣһֻص˵ĸоȫһܵ硣
磬еĶĲƷ
ڿʱͷһ¡
߹ȥͷ˼֮͸оⷿ
Щұ˺ܶˣСѵоһ¡
ã
Ҳ߹ȥ
ļҲǳǿߵļ壬Ҫµľҵһ֧ɳ̵Աǰǿʱ̶ӱ鲼أ
˵£ĶϾͳһּ֮顣
Ȼ޹
뵽ķ⣬Ҳеˡ
̾һĶ֮ǰͻȻͣҪԪӤϵǿȫսܿ죬һǿˣǹĳ֣ԪӤǿߣʲôȫò뿪ȥֹ˼꣬ͻȻ˲ٵĴߣȫ壬Щӵо춯صͣնȥ
ǿȫȥصʱȥǿɣ
ʱǿľ壬Ȼ嶼ǿȥϿȥҲûʲô⣬ǣҪ֪ǿߵȥ֮󣬸¾µһԪӤ֣ǿѾˡ
иǳԾˣϸϸһֻҪǧʱ䣬˵ǿƼٷչҲȲϸ塣
һǿΪ
ʱǳԾؿĶȫû뵽顣

νЩˡ
ĶǼҲǴ壬ԣвʹ֦һ壬֪ľͶ࣬С֪硢ķ׽ôֵ𣿡
ȷһܴ⣬˾һ㶣ǰֻ֪ҪʲôģһʱЩо
˿Ķʵ硢ͷ֮ضͬһ磡
⻰˵鶼гԾؿͷ
Ķ˵̫ˣû뵽һ
û뵽ɣ
ȷû뵽
ҡͷ˵
ҲҪ뵽˵ԭҲǴӼеһ˽⵽ģǰͱĨȥҲˡ
˵Ķ·ż֮أڵĵطԣЩűȻ޷ˣǣҿȻܹżȻ˵żִˣЩϣһ㻹ܹع飡
ԵͷͷһװĿɾˡ
ģҲҪعǣ
˵ͷĶھͽʲô˶ףʵ

ֳһֽ֪̫ˣ඼Լ붼û뵽ݡ
Ҹɣڵһ磬һʱԴȪԴԴһģԴԽԽעԴͨͽ
ͽ
㶵ؿĶ
һͷͷԽǿĵطԴԽŨԽ죬ԽԶĵطԴͻϡʧȥҲ֣֮ʵһŨϡѡ
Ũĵطǵһĵطڶľڵĵطĵطˣ
ǵģһ磬еĵطϸ֣֮жĸӫڤڶ
ԭ뵽˵ʵǴǶģ֮ϸûôһ£
Ķ¶ӵıǵʵڵڶĵطһŨ֮֮ǰЩͻȻ֮󣬾ôӲǵնˣ
ǵĸԴ
СѰڱһǿţ֮޷룬Ҳ֮޷Ҫ֪ĸصؾǣ֮ǰԴԴϵ߾ǴǶߵĲͣ䣬ܹԽԽǿǱסˣն֮󣬴ﵽԽԽ٣ĸ˵Ǳնˣ
ȻǿҪ壡

һͷĶҹҲ֮˴ˣ
ȷǳ˴ˣ
Ķ˵ɲһС£Щǿν϶⣬ȻסԼǡ


94 һֵӹ
˴Ϊγ֮أ
ҡҡͷĶ¾Ͳ֪ˣҲҹϣֻһܹϵ潲Ϊһķչذɡ
ҸоһֶҲвǿ
Ķҹ۲ˣûзչеǷչһּ£Ҳ˻еˣ˺ǿǣֿȣǷȱ˵ԪӤµвԪӤϵˣûڵܡܡܵȵһЩ㡣
˵ŻʱһԽʽĶʹ˵
棬ˣ
⻰Ķɫһ䣬Ҳܼѣ
˵ţȥš
֪Ķ˳ȥ
Ǽү˾СңСǼүľŷˣļҾͷˡ
߰˸վŵúܣļҷ̵˱ڵء
ٿʱһýĵŮվϢȣؿڲǸոִˡ
Ķ˳ȥǲ̫ˣ
үүǽĵŮĶͽһˮҪˡ
վһȫ֪ʲô顣
ҴߣļҵӵܾԲͨ飡
Ķһ
ߣͷǼү֪ǼҵĹأ㿴ʲô
˵䣬ֻһߴĻеǳڴҵǰ
ܻеˣ
һļҵ˵Ҳмʶһ֮;һ
һеˣĶɫҲ
ʶ̽˹ȥ
ûκϢ
һʱжϡ
۲ʱһ˴ǱϵһԺӸҺƽˣ
ͼǻе̧Ǿ޴ĻеֱۣȻǹâҫ
Ǵ˳ȥ
â֮УͼһǾСԺǱһƬ档
ûУǼү˵ˣǲͬþСĵھŷˣͰļһˣ
ҵԵúţǿĻеˣȫûаļҵ˿Ƶġ
ǿȻȽĻеˣ
һļҵӳԾ
ǲҲܴͨ죬еǹߣӴ֮󣬲̲Ǿǿ

һЩȤǵǻе˵ǰ
ǻе˻ܵģܵĵֱ̧۾ͳȥ
ʱǼһƤ
âҫȴǲûжκεΣ
̽УǰǻеץС
һҲˣڵϿӰйػ˵ݣ֪϶ſƵϵͳ
ʶһ̽ʱͷе˵ؿڲλһأ־ʹؿڵĻأȻ͹رе˵ĿϵͳǰеսԼĽָС
ôⶫԼϷ϶á
ΪҲϷĵʮһ㣬ܿʹﵽԲʱҪ㣬ԣϷ֮һֱУҲ˲͵ʱˡ
ټһЩֶֹΣԼսͻǿ
һַֻ֣е˵ϵͳоȻټ뵽ԼϷУƶԼϷƶ塣
ߣ
ֶΣǲҵ˳Ծ
ٿɱƵĿǿȥʱȫڵء

ͿĶǰɡ
ļҵû뵽޴ޱȵĻеиͲǳɾͱʰˣٿʱҵĿжһ־η
ûвϵ鵱У˵껰ͽԺӣȻóǻео·
оһ󷨵֪ʶҲܿŪе˵ĵ·ԭͬҲһ󷨵ĵ
ĿͶ뵽˶֪ʶʶС
Ȼ֪ʶ˵ɫǣеȴΪһȴһ㡣
΢Сһھ˸ֵĵ֮Ȼܹþ̫Ҫˡ
ԼڹʱԼֵӵķʽγһ󷨣Ȼٽй֪һʲôĽ
ֻе˵֪ḻԵֲ̫ˣ˽ֵ·ĵӷʽ󣬶Ļе˾ʧȥȤ
лСˣ
飬Ķż˽
ЦЦû顣
ʱļҵǶĶô;û뵽ȥƽ˾ȻôǿĴڡ
³ĹԻеˣ
һ˾ͰĿͶǻе˵ϡ
ղеһƽһԺڴ˵Щ𺶡
ĶҲĿͶǻе˵ϡ
ЦЦⶫãϾ°ɡ
Եú⣬⻰ȴĶһæҡֵ̫ˣ̫ˣ
ⶫܹأ
ٿ˿ǻеˣôҲûⶫʲôط
ǸľĽŮʱ˵ȻˣµĲƷ˵меġ
΢΢һЦⶫҲǵӵ䷽ʽЩ⣬ĵط㡣
ĲеˣĶæлСˣ
һļҵ˸˵еˣǾиԱˣ
ļҵ˿ɻѣ
Ķ̾һĵ̣֮ȻŬȴǲʱܵĹŮʱз
ЩһЩƤ֮ĹһǶû޷ʱĿͶǻе˵ϡ
ҲԼܹһ˵ġ
֪̲ж˿ڣ
̲ǰ嵽һתأ岻٣ڴҽһ֯»
ָǻе˵˵˶һЩĻеˣ̲ԱǷǿࣿ
ĶͼǵȻˣ͵Ļе˹ǳǿһҪöûĽǮҪ˵ֻ࣬Ҫôûᶯ
ҿĿ⣬ӽָоóһЩȻ͵ŴҵٵĶڻȻǿд󷨡
ļҵˣֶξڷ
ֲִڵĻеĲʲôû೤ʱ䣬һõ߻еҪСöĻеǱ˳
Ȼͷǻеһʱһ֮Ǵѱһεĵطѱһ޴ӡ
Ǻֳ˼һ£ڶеơ
ļҵôҲû뵽ǿǳ˲õĻеоͬͯһ˳ҵ˫۶Щ޷ϡ
ľ˫۷Źڿо̫뷨


95 ɵ
ظ磬Ǵľɵˡ
ľȼе˴쿴ɵص
ļҵ̫Ĳ²ͳݡ
ľȥʱ¶ЦݣŮһǷ߷ߵı飬ǻ
̧һӶ䣬ǰѸǴϵĻ롣
УǰΪ׵һ޴ƽ̨ڴҵǰ
һˮˮͣˢƽ̨žɵƽ̨ð׾
ǿ󣡡
Ƕ˫۷Ź⿴
վʶ˲串סĴ
󷨻ٻ
̳٣
⣡

һ쿴֮Ѿ˺ʶ
Ųٵ⡣
Լ޸ӦûֻܹͲ̫øˣ治֪޸֮Ǵ͵ĵصʲôĵصˡ
ȻˣҲˣֻҪܹ뿪֮أĵصҵعǵ·ͷࡣ
⴫Ļٻ֪ʱӦ˲ƻƻ֪û޲Ĳϣ޷޲Ҳƻò̫ء
ڵĳвõʲô취
ظ磬ǳġľվߣŮϷڵﶯ֮龹ȻʱһЩӡ
ﶯ֮ѹһЩɴ಻Ůӵûʹù
ľȴǸһЩүү˵Դǰд߻˴֮оѾûʹùˡ
֮أ˭ĴʲôʹأŲٵʡ
ǾͲ̫ˣүү˵֮ǰĴ߿ŵģÿһڵĵطһԺ䣬Ͳ˿˵·ĵط
һ˵ҿʷϣ˵֮ǰҲֻܹͣᱻǿ顣
֪˰߶֮ΪˣļҵʱҲǱˣǵ·жϣļҵ˺ǵĺͳ˷֮ˣȴܹͨΪ١
ʱĿͶ·ķ
ֻһͬӰֻƵĶзٶ
սʿ
ļҵЩ˳Ծش
ظ磬Ǳ̲ػսʿֻƿӦǲҵ˰ģ
ľʱɫһ䡣
װף
˴
û˵ʶ̽ȥ
Ȼ֮Ϊף
ӦþԼʶиܵĶԼЩвƷˣ
һʱһָоҲܹ˵Լ
ҲóЩ׶Լû̫в滹һ֮ǿ󹥻ŻԼһв
̽鵽֪ЩҲһֺϽʵǣԼ˵Ĳ
ǰڵӰеҲսʿ磬ߣͬʱܹɵ𵤸ֵߣĻʱŷⶫԼǰǶϷ
ˣҳ
˵䣬ʮװǰΧ棬һ¶һˣĿͶϡ
ǲ黢
һļҵ˵һ䡣
˿ȥʱһı顣
黢Ǳ̲װ׵Ļ׶ӳ
վߣľȴǲûκε⣬С˵һ䡣
ľĶ˵ֳһǵʱǲ黢ɫһ䣬ľҵĵھŷΪʲôӦ
黢ӣ˭Լޣǲ޸㣬ȥ
ߣľ·վš
ߣΪ˾˲ˣʵɣ̲ǽҪһζĴжû˵ıֻ·һ
˵Ļ˴еȫɱŮץȥ
⻰ļҵЩǶˣһӵؿ˿ˣȴһЩ
΢΢ü̲ΪҪʰ壿
Щܹóֱĳļѡ
䡭
䡭
·֣ʮװսʿ˵ܾ˼ڣֱӾǰܶó˲ٵĴӡ
սʿΪʾǵ磬ǿڣһЩǿǸѶȵĶ
ܵǻڻļҵЩ˸ӾľȴǰӶֱϡ
һȻһʨӴȫʶʮĸŵĻ˺˹ȥ
ʶ̫ǿˣһǱŷǿʶʮȻͳȥ
ҽжûüһͬ½ƵģʮװǴǿе
û֮أܹľ;ܵĲģԣõľʶˡ
һ֮ʮװսʿȫڵء
Ҳֻ֪ʮȫˣȫ˰׳ա
ǵĻ׽
վ￴ļҵЩˡ
ظ磬̫ˣ
ʱľ̲ססֱۡ
ôǿʮսʿǰֵĻᶼûУ֪Ƕôǿ
ļҵļ˷ǿٳǰȥ
еҲжû׵ˣܿ죬ʮľ߻ǽ
ЩļҵŻףȴ߹ȥǹϵĴ
ղһھǴƽ̨ϵģϸϸһʱƽ̨ϲûκεĺۼ
ظ磬ƽֵ̨ܹģʲôĹииľȫǽˣ˫ĿһֱͶڿ
ܵľǻȵĿ⣬Ҳǻȡ
ѹԼ뷨֪Լַ׵Ůȫͬˡ
ظ磬ܹĹ𣿡
ľЩӵʵ
һ뵽ԼϷ֮ؾͬһǵ϶˴ڸԼҲܹ֮Ҳ˵
ľ˿һǲ֪ܲɣҰ⹦ɣ
˵ţһľüģϷĹȫ뵽ľͷС
ܵ׵Ĺľ˶סˡ
ʱļҵЩǰѻ׶һѡ
һѵĻףҡͷƷ̫ԭʼˣ˵ȫûá
һУǰһѵƷս˽ָ
߰ɣ
˵ŻļҵǻصļҵԺӡ
߽ԺӣһۿȥͿͷǵ
ְЩ׵˵ϣôһˡ
˵⻰һطűĿϢ
һѵĻףٿ˷ŵǣٿȫŪ


96 ѹһ
һƬںڵһӻսʿǰԺȫΧ
ӵϢı̲½ȫˣżױҴҾ͸ϵǴɵء
ľʮĸսʿȫ˰׳գǵ˵ϡ
˱Ū˰׳գױˣڱ̲ǻǴûз顣
֪ļҵ˸飬һʱͰļΧ
ĶţǼҵȫԱնɱ
֮ˣû
նɱ
½ɱġ
Ȼ˻սʿ
½Ѵŭ
Сѣ£
Ķ֪
ƵĻеɳȥٴ٣
ǿΪ磬ҲǶĹ˽⣬˵Ļͳɱ
ЩۼļҵɫѴ䣬оҪ¡
ҪѰдҲļ¡
˵ļһڵˣҶ˹뿴ʲôӣľȻһòӵʱҵжپЩʧôҲжǿӡ
鷳ˣ˹ˡ
зŵĻսʿмҲԹؿһ
ǻսʿ
ٵĻսʿ
ܼŵĻսʿмӶڷ
үүشģ
ľʱĶϳһּ֮顣
һ£Ķ϶ʱһȻ֮顣
ߣ
Ķ˴˳ȥ
Щ˸һսҲ¶ЦݣҪľɱ
Σ
棬Щ˻һ档
ӹ۲쵽̲ǰӿٲչʾһЩҲ˾Ҫˡ
Ҫһɱ
ǵҲãҲãһָоѧϰ֪ʶǳģѧϰ֪ʶгһūԵ˼룬ʧȥһֱǰĶ־ҪЩǴһҪǵսʶ
ûиųȥ֪ԼҪ뿪ˣЩ˶޷վԼ֮Щ˾ͽˡ
ĹͷǲˣԼƵЩе㹻ˡ
Ļе·ĽṹƵȴǰ·ͳ󷨣˵Ļеʹòһ㣬ֻҪսⳡʤ
οЩҲӵսľڱ˱Ƶ֮Ѿ˽Ҳû˹ǣһվǴ档
е˳ս
ĶĺͼһƳʮеǳĶߡ
޴ĻеˣĶĵ࣬½֪Ҫʲô
½ʱѳԾؿʮеˣĲ⡣
򣡡
Ķ´
䡭
Ķһ£ʮеŷжĻսʿǺѡ
ʱߵſڣЩе˺ʱʾʱҲԵͷԼĸĽȻҪǿࡣ
Ϸˣ
ֻе˵󷨵ӷʽһ㣬ԼϷĹݽֶһЩġ


ȫû뵽˻𣬿ŻսʿһĻ˲к½жڵѪˣôһЩսʿȫǮģʧȥЩսʿԼʲôס̲ǡ
½ʱɫһ䣬뵽Լʱûκεķ
ǵʱֻڱĹ
˵껰ֻּ̧˺üƤеǱһ档
֣
½Ծؿ֣ͷϵĺˡ
½ֹֹͣͣ
ǣֹͣҲûܹ˫սֹͣʮе˾˲ʱǲһĻսʿ
ǰ߸ϵĻսʿʱɫʱȫǻ֣ԵǻеޱȵĹ
ͣ
ƵЩе˾ȻôǿʱǶԾؿʮеˡ
ǲкصȻڵѪ½ǿǵɺڣ
վѵն
һ仰˵ʱȫ˲ǿʶͳЩǶȥ
ߵʶ̫ǿˣ󺣰ѹȥʱЩսʿǵĺϽ׾ȻǴ졣

½ʱȫȷѵǾ֡
һǲ黢徹ȻˣȥĻսʿѱˣѵ벽󳾣
½ȫĺˣܵŨɱ
ն·еһĿ־С
ĻսʿʱȴԸоûκη֮
˵
ʷпǿڴҲ˷֮ǰС
ᣬǲҵΪ˲ңԺٲҶʩң彫ڱ̲Ϊ߼Ĵ
½֪첻һЩôԼ޷ȫˡ
⻰ǿʶŻȥ
ܵ纣ѹȥȫļµؿ
ס˵ĻԺ󲻵ٶ˲
˵⻰ǻصԺ
Ѿȥ½һϴЦĶɣҰ档
кһ֮ĻսʿǴҴҶȥ
򵥵ؽˣ
½ǿȥıӰе˶һΰĸо
е˵ơǹâеĻ֡Ǿ֮»׶ѵ
ÿһԴҵ鶼ž޴ĳ
˰
ľʱվ˫۸˫ȭסһǿҵ뷨ԼҲҪҲҪѧظһããǿա
һ뵽гһܹǿʱľмѡ
ˣԼҲҪȥ
ʱȴѾǴɵأǰƽ̨ϣ˼޸顣
췢֪֮˳һص֮󣬾Ͳᶯˣпܻʾˡ
֮أԼĵط˵عǹҪ顣
ȵðĵطò޸Ȼǰ󷨵·дɡ
⣬ˣ
ʶһĽ̽飬о˼顣
ϵҲȱԼĽָŸָĲϣ󷨵ĿдԼӵǿʶ˵Ҳûκε⡣
һ߷󷨣һ߾ͰҪĲ϶˳
Ҫ޸Ҫĵ̫ˣ
оһҲ̾󷨵޸Ѷȡ


97 
ش磬ˣ˵Ҫ㡣
⼸ȫ񶼷޸ϣҲ㹻࣬ҪȻ޷⴫޸
ʱǴһ⴫޸ˣ
޸֪һ֮޸ѶȣҲ⴫޸飬ӺüżԿеȱϣеΪҲʶԿд󷨣նʧˡ
޸һ㣬ĳһ׼ﲻվ޷봫ͳں϶ȥ
˲УǡԼЩܴﵽ
Լ˴ҲֻҡͷһܸɵĻơ
⼸⴫̫ˣ֪ͻȻһ֮ȨǶˡ
ʱûмˣ˵һĴ¡
˿ԲΪ壬òһ¡
УҼһ¡

ش磬ԡ°ɣ
ĳֶ˵ȫһ£ⱾߵĵطĴǺȨ󣬴Ҷմһ
һĹȣƼˮƽȴǱȵϻҪȽ
һߵǰȻ
Ѵķԡ֮һƽ˳
ˣ
̫˰ĿͶϡ
ҵӣ뵽˵ϵǼ֮Ŀȡ
뵽廹ڵԼǰΪɡ
ʱƮȻߣȺĵطȥ
ʶǿȥˣһ֮ǵ˶Էǰ
ݼɣ
һúֵܷˣ͸һ־η
ݼɣǶηؿ
ȻսʿƾŻԦնУͲҪʲôվڿеȴ޷
ӽָͳһŷ嵤ҩԵŵҩΪһɡ
Ҳһе֮ˣ֪Լǰûκλ֮Ҳԥ̷ȥ
ʱһ̧־Ͱ˶Էţ΢һתͰŷ֮¡
ڴҵǰⱾֵĹǱһһ̬Ǳһǳ׳ʵĺӡ
£̾һװƵԺΪ˰ԼһѨ
Щ۾ԼĴǿһʱɴףһ˸һԪҲԵһһԪɣŵҩԺͲдϲ֮£ԪҲӡ
⻰˫۷һǷǳСĵİҩ˵ͷȥ
ˣλȥɣ޸֮ͽȥȻˣֻҪ޸ˣʱҲҲڼ䣬ҹһˣ򣬶ȫ壡
˵ʱȫʶ˲䷢ɢ
ʶļе˾͸ܵһǵضµѹ˵Ȼѹõڵء
˵
ЩɵѴ˻֮飬ٿʱɫѴ䡣
ɷģӴ˽Ϊҹ塣
û˱ȹҪ˷ˣоԼȫУҲǳá
ǹܺãסĻ
˵⻰һʱ˵ǰʧˡ
Ȼ˰
ӴҶ޻ɡ
ʵ¼зųƵĻе˸ɵôĻսʿ֮󣬴ҾͲСղǾ춯صѹһҲû˸ڻˡ
Ķ˷ܵˣŷԼ˴Ҷ£Լڴһ˻ؼҵһΰĸо̫ˡ
֪ԼѾãһʱѻصĶļ
Ժһ裬Ʒǲˮ
Ҫ뿪ˣ
ʹͨ⼸޸ѾãȻ͵ķλ֪ܹ
һʱͼſӰУľ˽
ش磬Ҿ֪϶
ľȷһǳƯŮӣһһЦֽ֮Ķ
ľȹƮɵӣٿľ޳ഺ壬͸оԼϷԶת
û˵ʱоԼϢľһ־
һջϢʱȴǸоԼϢͬľϢڵһ
̾һڲԼҪͻƵʱҪͻƵʱ򣬽ֻľ崿ӣԼ͵ñ
ĸоľγһֵֺĸоÿһһʱϾһֶԼӵǿϢԼƵġ
ֵĸоһʱԽ͸Ũҡ
֣
ľ֮ȴǸоԼڲһ顣
˰
ΪתԼ뷨޻һһ䡣
š
ʱľ͸оԼȫһַȵĸо
Ӵ
ľ֪Լϲˡ
ľԼ֪Լôˣ̲棬ôԼûĶôŸôΣԼȻϲ϶Էˣ˺ߵĻԼȻͷһ޵Ļ룬ش飡
벻ʱʱ˼
˶
һľʵش磬Ҫ뿪ˣ
Ȼ⼸춼ڽд޸Ǵ޸϶ͽȥ
Ѿ޸ڵΣգҵȥ
뵽оͷǳġ
ֹһľش磬Ժܷ
⻰ʱľ͹
Ҳ˶Է⣬ȴǰ̾ľԼȫͬˣη֮ˡ
⻰ֲ̫˵ֻǰԼһЩܹٽΪĵҩóݸľǻ֮գ
ش磬һ֮ض
ľȻ֮飬뵽ľ˥ϵóһפյһפյϣԶഺ
ľӹƿװŵפյش磬һᱣŮ֮ȥģ
˵⻰һͮ죬ȫһֶıˡ
ҲһûһŮԼ׹
֪ϵҲҪʲôŵֻҪټʱܹ飡
ľӹ
һûܷҹһУ
ûʲôŵǣĻľһŵϾͳһҸУЦһش磬㡣
˶ûʹʲôͲš
޴ڵˮװ÷ǳľһ·ű̲ǵ
׷ɵϸͻȻ£У˭Ҳûʹߡ
ָоĺܺã


98 
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104 սѡ
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106 ʤ
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ϯ֮ʱ籩꣬Ƥ죬䣡
֮Ұһ·Ѫˮɽ

ں񼾢βѴȫְȻԲ˫ۣԦβȥ
ͷףɵľ޴߿ڣƼжɱ֮ɳƽǰѴѲ֪ɱ˶ǿߡ

ɳƽһֻǳſһ޴Ŀӣ̫ĺˮС
ǿķס˺ˮ룬չҵս
Ĳ֫ǳߵĿ³
ؾĽʿΨһĶǻӳе
ʣ
оѩ
ķͼͷϣһʶУĺˮǱ뵽
ǧⳤߵĲŲи޷ͣⳤ߷ָʳ
ǧΪսԭѱɢȥ

ѩһ
ʱ䣬棡
ԵƤڹɢȫעǲͬƤĹУˮĽʿʱоԼڸ޵Ĺ
ޱڡ
ؼ䲻ͣζÿһεŲôľ춯ء
Զĵط̫פۿҵϳŵһȻ֮顣
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岻΢ôֳһ
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ָǲһͳ쾫ǿߣͬһѴ󵶣ԽսԽ¡
ҲʾеĴ糵ֹƶŽɫĹâԷӲ
㣡
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Ů¬ִɱ޵ӭȥսһ
ΪģչһӼҵս
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ս˹ؼʱ
ٴλӵȥ
ɱ˶Է̾ϣ
˵ȫһ
ɱ
ͬʱ󺰡

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ڿָǵȫչָǻӶŴһ֮Ϣζ
ն
Ĵ󵶻˳ȥЮһѨӿ
⻯һϴڿָǵǵ֮ϡ
ڸѨӿ󵶵ĵâ֮ԶƵ
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ողϵĵֱһٵĴȥ
𣡡
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ʤˣ
ͬѪˮгͷ϶µѪˮɳƽЦݲޱȡ
ɱ޵ֻʣ°أ¬ɱˬ
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Ŀ⵽ؾǵɨս֮ɨӶȥȴǳصģһЩ̫ǽʿ
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ʱȫؾѾȫۼΧ
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ɳƽһ
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ˣ
֪һսӾӲˮľܹȡʤǧ˻ţһ˲ʤ
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κΰˣ
ˣ

ѩЩɳơ
뵽Լ˵Цŵսһȥҵжµ÷š
Ŀ⻺Ѳһ飬β߶ߣ͸ǿС
Ȼڴǣʤˣ
ȫ˲ǿʶ
ǿʶĲе˶Ըܵ˴ɢһֲĶ־
սؾĴ߸Ʈ
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սؾ򣬶ҪΪ嵴ƽķ
Ϊ٣
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Ը潫սҰ
ɳƽš
Ը潫սҰ
еؾʿ󺰡
꣡
֧˾ˣ
仯Ǹľһ֧ǿڵ


107 ʤ֮
ǧбǣ˼еӭǵĵ
ǲоִȴǸ߸߼ڿУнйâ䣬ǿɱ֮ɽ棬ڵľѾԭִâɱѪһĴһ֧ӣ
վȺУ˫͸̫Īζš
Ȼʤˣ
̫û뵽ˣ
ȥʱûеõͬ⣬ȴǳ˵һᣡ
ٿǱǴӵŵʱ֪ôģоԼ
һԼŪ׵ʲôʱԼͷиֳӣеѿԼдγ֣Ȼ
ôˣ
̫ʱĿͶϡ
ͬһ㣬Լˡ
֮ĺˮȫʧȥһƻ˵Ĵ󣬴֪ƬΧһս֮أܳʱ䶼ս£ؾؽƶ
ʲôʱѾȥܣԵƣʱֱӾǧӽľػָΪ
һô
ѩʱһˮ˶ϴһ飬һײװ˳һ֮飬ѯ
ȫˣŮʱϷҲû֡
ȣԭеĹԱҳǼά֣ѩȥΣǵĸǧ˵ľӣôҿٵĻָýһʿɳƽ𣻳ΰڸĴòߣ𣻻УĶˣɣ
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ҿս֮ʱ֮Ӧдս£㹻Ӧ飬ǼɾС飬ǵ飬ͬʱҲҪǸյļ֧ӽţΪһķչûҴ뿪һ󣬵
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ͷ˷ŵĳУ뵽һս֮ؾӰ죬гһϲ֮顣
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Ŀĺȷ;ҪԼĵȫ
ѾˣֻҪεĴ֮ԼĵĻܹȫظֻҪظˣʹ㵽սȥһǳصģҲҪΪһЩС
ƾŴ֪Լĵò˵ʲôʱָܹ
һǣȻ۹ڳʱ˴ʣȻǿ⸮õ˲ٵƷокöʯ
⣬ˮһսջ͸ˡ
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ǣڵԼǵȴǲûдﵽչĳ̶ȡװӴ
صĻϷֻҪµ򣬾͵µĹҲ˵ϷݳĹҪˣһû׼֡
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̽һ¼ʱûŪɴͲˡ
ӭ㵽ǣ
ûκ⣬΢ЦŶ˵ͷ
⴫һȥܿ뵽С
ǱؾҲĻ⣬һս֮֮Ǹ򲻻ǿƾԼؾһս֮ҲûӸӲпܾӻһķչ
ˣֻǽһ֧ؾܣǵ۹ڴؾʱвһ֧޲˵ľӡ
εĵ˵Щ⣬Ҳû뵽ԼŪһδܾͣչϷҲתʱԼŪըЦˡ
ҪͻƵڲܻعˣ


108 һЩ
֮ϣͷ˶ڱһȦԲεĹȦ
վ濴ȥʱЩˣȦӦΪ֣㿪ʼֻҪǽ뵽㣬ÿһһ⣬еǹȦȻźö㡣
ֵĵط
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ջַ֮ջ棬ڶࡣ
һ˽
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ʵͲҪʲôУԶҲȴǷǳϲĻԸ˽
һЩ֮ĶȥҲܹһЩ
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Сôôˣ
һСһ䡣
ԴӽǣͷŴŸˣʱ˲ûѯԼԭӦﱾŸεԱҲֲ֡
ЦſС˻֪ʺſˣҶԵġ
ʺţ
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˵žСԼС˶˹ȥ˲һ
֮һֱɽ˴θոյǣȷ̫
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³΢΢ͷѲ֪ʺŵ˲ã紫ģÿʮһʺųֵĿܣһЩĳжһ˵ֵĺô棬Ҷϣõʺš
ЩԾⶫӦòܹ˵ȥģôŪö֪ˡ
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ͳԾӡΪξôõԵܹ֪£
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̾һȻв˶ӵʺţǣȴ˵ӡĹȴ̸ܹۣһܹᣬ˵طһرĵط
ˣٺõʺҲԼ޹أԼⶫڶԼ˵عǹؼ
ʵʺŵĵ½ҲֻӡڲУ뿪ӡǹ֮޷е½ˣԣʺҲֻҹʹá
һʺŻ޵
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ҡҡͷ³ֵ飬˭õʺû֪õʺŵҲ˵飬ÿһᶼܼңڶ࣬ǣÿһȴ޹
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ҲԼϷ֮ԼܹϷôͻƣҪľԼһЩϢЩϢҲ̫ˣֻԼĵ￪ٵôԼŵͻƣܹõϢĻĿپͽס
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΢΢˵ͷ³Ҳһĵˣ˵͵㿴ҵıвĹȦɣǾǱȴźܴһıֻзãıӵз֮⣬ܹйֵı仯ǿޱȣóľһıˡ
ԭ
ֱҲ뷨ܹԼϷµĹһּܣڶսʱս϶ͻ
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뵽ҲõʺŵҲȨǵõʺžǧټƵĶûʲôԴֱ֮ȡʺţͲ̫Ϣ
ᣡ
Լȫһˡ
뾡뿪ĿͶϢ֮ϣԼҪڣ϶ҪϢϷչʹѨһ˽أͬҲҪⶫһβףܹõһЩϢԼ̫аˡ
˿³΢Цҹ۵ѵƼǿսҲǿһܲÿһʺʱ̫ᣬҲɳȥμᣬҴ˴ڴΧļμӵˣ˭õʺõĻֻҪܹṩĶѡҹ۵ѶϢȤܹõʺţϢͱԼõ֮⣬ҿṩһϢ㡣
˵ţͱһơ
һۿȥʱǲôһӡ
ҲЩ޷ˡ
ʺڶ˵ûãǣĵõôһϢķչ˵̫Զˡ
԰
ֲһɻ󣬾ʵȻмչʺţôӦвٵļǵõʺŽģϢӦúܶɣ
³Щε˵õʺŲûۣ
΢΢ͷԼûʺţҲó˭硣
ӣ³Ҳһͻˣ
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³һ£֮;ϲǾ̫ˡ
˵ţóһдһ£ݸִ֮Ȼ˽ɰţҼ˻ȥ
һ¾һ֣³˰Ǽ˵ˣѹԼôĵĽн˵
ԣ嶼ȥμᣬǸԼļһᡣ
Լγһ᣿


109 ȭͷ˵ĵط
Ϣ̫ǿˣ֪ԼòμⳡˣҲҪõϢ
ҵĴſʱҵǿ
ʼʱһֵҲЩ֣Դӽ뵽֮󣬿öˣҲʼϰ
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Է쿴֮Ͼ¶Цݵԭүģ롣
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΢΢ͷӦ˵ҪĶҲ˵ɣ
ģֻҪõʺϢȻϡ
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һʱͼȫһֺǿ󷨰ŵģйҲƻ⴦ׯ԰һЩű
ܼ΢΢һЦȻүܶˣȴҲҪչʾһʵÿһ˵ʵǲͬġ
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ЩԾؿŶԷȭͷԼһȭжǿȻû뵽ҲֻǰȭϵĹâû˵Է
Ծʱ׳ɫѴ䣬ôҲû뵽ĽûбΪҲͬЩһ۸
ȭͷ˿׳ȫһֱ죬֮Ǳʢ

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ûеȴҷӦʱȭͷص׳һ
䣡
һľ졣
֮׳Һ֮
ٿȥʱֻ׳ȭͷⱻʧֻȭǱһȭӲĺը

ûͣսϵɱӿֳɱ͵ɱף
ŵʱÿһζֱѵնɱŻݣһս֮Ѫɵս⡣
Ӵսⱼڶ׳Ƕȥ
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ܵӿŵǴѪȵϢһ޷ȫĵطվ
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һţ
¶ȫϢʢµİ˲档
һ£мΪߵֿһ̱ڵϣһֱײƵ׳ȴǰĿƿҸӡ
һƬ֮Уҵѹ֮һ嶯ǰ˭׳ӡ
Ѿʵ֤ˣͲٴˣ㽫ҼʵĴ
ܼʱĿֶһЩ
ڹܼҵĴ£⴦Ժ䣬ĵطȥ
ֱӰʧһǲŻ˹
ҿʲôˣ
һһ۷ĸһȭͺ˵ϣѴضҡһ¡
ٿǵص׳ʱҰҡͷŵ׳ǳ׷ˣ


110 
ܼζԵһţһߺǿ˶Ǽרĸ֣θ嶼ᣬҲ񡣡
ֻҪϢ
ףֻҪõʺţϢȫûκε⡣
˵˸ֶһЩҲбǸǿöֶ࣬θԼСһЩ
Ҳν˵ʲôȻϲȭͷ˵Ҿȭͷˣ
ĵطҲֳһ¶ݵӣôҿֻһֵ
ܼЦЦط
˵䣬˽һ֮һӳŨĵطһô͵ľľ޴Ժ䡣
һͿٵĸԵЩ֡
ҲǵһξҲϰһЩ
һʱŮУвپɫŮˡ
־ڱصã
ÿһ춼ͬѰҵľһᣬֻǿѡ˵⻰ʱܼһЩԺӡ
ˮšơ
ĻУŮڵŹ٣һһֿС
פһҵľŮ˿˹ȥ
㷢΢Ʈɣͷһ΢΢ҡɫȹ޳ⷽȫںһ
ŮŮһһЩŮΧܣһԣھĵࡣ
ͷԼϷڿٵת
ϷתǲԾŮ˵ǰ
ǳŮú
һۿȥһŮŮվıͬ޷
С㣬ǴСĹۣ˴ӦС
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ĹٷԲԴ֮ĹѴﵽ˵ĳ̶ȡ
û˵ֻǸоԼϷŮӵϢڽŽڡ
һֺõĸо
ϢĽڣͷԼʮһıɶ
ѿĻǸеԼ岿λ仯Щͦ
ħ
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һͣŮӾͿȻһּΪǿҵĸо
ַǳֵĸоľȫƻò׳һĸҲһЩû뵽˵ĵȴǰԼľȫƻˡ
һۿվʱвԾľҵϿкӣվкӾȻ˼ĺøС
ôˣ
ȫԼ뷨
ޣԼҪߵһǰֵ뷨ȻԼľ
УԲԼľ
һʻĵ˲ɢһȻ֮飬Ϣиǳһɱ
ȫû뵽Ů˾Ȼôı仯һŮһӾͱóһɼǿɱҲһ¡
ֵŮӡ

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Ҳϲ˴ţ
ľǧ֮˵һ䡣
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ҿ
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Сӣǹ
һ𵤼ú˧һ֧˹Ǽڵĸ֡
һ˵ö֪Լ鷳ˡ
ԣȫĵ׷ԾӣĶԼƣҪ˼
ԼĲ鷳
һϷתţͣ¶Уһȴ£һӾЩ
ʲôʱҲвˬˡ
˾繫ӣһľӢ˵йԵõһԲУǳԲչ֮Բ֮еĵ˻ĺ󡣡
Ҳ֪ôģܼҵҲС䡣
ѣȴǲûȰ˼ԣҲǴſһε뷨
ʱȴ΢һüͷֳ˼֮顣
ֽԼ˼Щˡ
ˣ
ȥʱľȻһ˵ĸо͸о˾ᣬԼû˵
ҵȴʱ͸оԼгһ飬Ȼһĸо
ħ
Ȼ˹ٿĿоͳһǿɱ
ħ
ĵֱܴ
ʱҲһû뵽ŮӾȻԼħ
ԼϷħ
Ϸʲô⣬ȴ޺ģһһ·ϰɳ
һˡ
˵⻰ʱҲԵĮ
׵岻Ů˾߲ˡ
뿪˾ȴǲ뿪İɣȻģĹȴҪ֪УܼңǷ˵ˣ
ǹܼЦЦý˾֪عүģҲΪ
ΪǺǣȻΪǾñӸȤˣ
˾磬ҵ鲻ҪܡʱȴǴ
ãһ֮˾ȴǴŭǹʺŵһص飬ΪߣȴԣΪ룬ȴҪһΪˡ
˵һЦعӰɣ
ٶ˵ʱ뷨һ𣿴ʹ򣡡
˵ڿնչеȭͷţ˾ϵһȭ
䣡䣡䣡
ʱȫֱӵȭ
ƿգֱ졣
ߣ
˾Ҳûе£ֻһء
Ѫ˾͸һ֮顣
ȫû뵽˵ʹ򣬸һȭԼ
ʱǶЩԾʱ˾ԼӶˡ
Сӣŭˣ
˲һ޴ĹȦ˾ϵڴ
һԷüͷ΢塣
ղûº֣û뵽СӲ飬Ҫ
ٿ˾ԲʱóԷԲ⾹ȻԼ򵹵˵Բ⻹вΣ
ЩƣԼһֱţЩ۵ȴǲͣԼ鷳ǵеǡ
ǣûжʱȴѾˡ
ֻڿնеĹپȻڿУ˫ָǹ֮ϸ
ĸǹٵü
ʵʣһ֧֧򲻵ȥ

Ƽ
һηҲܹʵԵ
Ƿ֣ĵЩһӦոĹ


111 Բ
˾ԲԶǵһԺڻɱ̫࣬һչԲʱԾ˸оΪĵĵطһ˾ơ
ҲԸо˾ʹԲǿӵļң˾Ȼսһ
Ծؿһֱ仯Ҳû뵽鷢
ŮӵʲôԸ
ȴԽսԽҡ
ûŪҲ׵׷ʲô飬ԴҶĵʶŮһֱԵóֳ嶯ˡ
ر˾һֱϲģ׷еĵһˣ˾˧ΪֺܸߣĶҲźøеġ
ǣ췢ȴȫҵ뷨ͲĵԸ
ٿ˴üҵʱֻҡͷѡ
Ҫ˵ɻ󣬴е˶ȫûŪˣ쵽ôˣ
ЩˣԼô͸˾ˣ
˾Ҳ⣬жʱֺڵĸо˵
ʼʱ˾绹һЩŴţŭ֮£˾Ҳˡ
Բ
һУͼ˾Բǻ˴ļʸĶȥ
ٲԼıó˾絣Լܶסˡ
һصʱ򣬱Ծͳˣ˾ΪԼֱӾƴ
ǧ
ܲ
ߣܣ
Ҳʾͽ߳һ
ٻЩɣһ˾Ѿжʹ˳ʱҲ
һ߳ͼһȻһܣЩʸֱ죬Ȼ˵Ǵ档
üɽƺХ
վһԿ˵Ĵ򶷣̾ѽ⣬˵Ĺôǿ
ӦԼ򰡣
һͷʱЩˡ
ߣ
һʱٴη˱仯ǱղŵǷΪģĽ
Բǻһܵ˾ǰ
˻һ֮Ա˾ǿ֮£˾Ѫ

ֻҡͷ˧ĹӸܵĴǲС
Ŀ˾ΪλСӣ
Ļ٣һʱԼЩ㲻ףԼôˣ
Ҳһ߰ˣȥ£ֻ߹ȥ
֮Ҳָ˱ԡ
ĲԼʱ˾ʹ˾վһŮ˻š
ҡҡͷôΪҺأ
쵽ûһսһʱЩˣԼ˵Ϣȡһ¶ѣôһ鶼ôأ

Ҳֻȥˡ
뵽Ҳûٶԣ˾Բȥǿϣܹǿֶʹ
ǰʧӲ˵ǵŮӼսһ˾ˡ
˵˾ͰԼǿԲʩչ˳
Բ񳱣
˾ǴһͰԲչ
˾Ĵ͸оСҪƴӡ
֮Բڣ
˾һԲǷ˱仯һǰ
˾ǿʹˣһֹʱǹ磬ܹΪΪ
ҲǶ˽һЩԲԭһöѣֻйֶЩͬѡ
һָоԲǴһЩ÷
ȻһֺرĹ
Ȼһֻһʲôˡ
ܾչûκζܵĵطӭŶԷȥ
ܾչʱҾͷֳ״ˣֻ˾ԲȻڵȥ
ôģ
ǶЩԾ
˭ҲŪˣۿŵԲⰵȫʧ
⻹Ҹǿ˾ȫ·ƵģǱòˡ

һЩŮָ˾һ󾪺
ٿʱͼǱӢ˧˾һͷӣͷѰˡ
ô
תҲһЩ˾Ϊĺȥ֧űഺһʧȻͱòˣһ֪˾ҲǲС
һֱҶ֪˾絽жһʱҾ֪ˣ˾ʵѾܴһֱװۡ
ҵľʱ˾绹ûпԼվǿάԼվ̬óһֽĨһ죬ԭӡ
ǰӣܴһΪǣڵòʱҾһֹĸо
˻ûзʱһһǰһԲ⡣
ǹ˾ʱ˾۾ϴ֮һҽУȻԱķʽˡ
˾ӣ̾һοأһ͹ѣĻ治Լ
ҡҡͷûͣǶ֮ͬеĹܼҵ߰ɡ
˭Ҳûȥֹ飬ˣҵоȻһ־η
뵽Բôǿ󣬽ǰʱҶʲôֶȥԲЩ
ӡǿľԲԣڵ˾ȻӵȥԲֶˡ
Լû뵽鷳Ҳˡ
֪ԼεΪĺ䶯ŶֱӾͱܼôһܴԺ档
عӣʲô;͵ʹֻܹõӦõĴ
˵⻰ܼʱͼ߳ĸŮˡ
ˣܼҵڿʼսǾعӵۣعӵǱأ
ǣ
ĸӦһ
ȥʱֻĲӣֻͲһࡣ
궼־ˣŮȥҲŮӡ
˵⻰ܼҿعӣʱҪǩһԼ֮⣬ʱɵж岻ɡ
⵱Ȼˣ΢΢ͷܺãһĴ
ţŲٿɿĵطŲٵĻ㶼ԲμӣʱܽԼҪһЩ׼ĻʲôҪͶ˵ǻãҲͨǸ˵֮һǻһҪġ
ܼһ˵˵ͷ˽ȥ
ܼʱıӰȴ¶Īı顣
ܼҵ뷨ҪǰԲҲ뵽ԼϷ档
ԴӿĵֿԲĹ֮ԼϷҲһЩҪݡ


112 Ϣ
һֱϷһĹĹһ㣬ҪȴǻĹΪʶĹԼʨӺֶΣѧϰģøʽйĻҲܹܴͬ
⣬ԲҲһַǳǿ÷ʽһĻֶΣԼ˵ȴǸõĵط̫ˣǷϾǿüΣ⣬ǰʫþͶһָڼԲ֮ȫȻĳй
뵽Ȼĳйʱ˼άչԼֶξ͸ˡ
еԼ˼άѾ򿪣ֵ뷨ӿֳ
ԼʱϷѾϡ
ڹûˣڣ
ûˣؼǵʹСѨչ⡣
Ϣѳ˹ؼ
֪ڣϢĻȡѳ˹ؼҲҪȥõϢС
߳һ۾ͿĸŮ档
ݼү
˹һ
ȥʲô鷢
үܼһΣǸ㣬˵˾ʦһԪӤһΪ˾֮ɸ
ԪӤһ㣡
̾һСϵġ
ʲô
һ䡣
һ˵ӣ˾ļǹһ壬ʦˣǵ˵Ѿﵽ˼ߵĲΡ
ԪӤһ㲢ôʲôĲβأ
ǰ滹ЩԪӤˣԴʮһ㵽˶֮ĴѨעڸСѨҲ͵رԲĸ򣬵Ҳô¡
Ȼˣ˵Ҳֻǲ̫¶ѣԪӤ˶ϣû̫ĵ˭Ҳ֪ԪӤ˵׻ʲôֶΡ
˵ŻǹܼҿҲأ˹
عӿã
һЩջ񡣡
˾Ҳ֪ˣʦһԪӤһΪӡʢ֪˾֮󣬶Ǻˡ
ЦЦҲûʲô˵飡
ܼҾͰֿһЦ׼ͺãأĺˣս֮ǰԪӤҲɱˣҪ㶯Ҳֻս֮󣬵ʱҼһô㴫ߡ
΢΢ͷˡ
һЦܼҵһԼǼԼΪ˱ֳ⣬峤ҴһϢ
˵䣬ܼҿĿо͸׽֮⡣
Ϣ
Ϳǹܼҡ
ֻܼóһСĺӡ
Ҳ޷ˣ̫֪ԼⶫĿЩϢҪսȥԼƹض롣
óԼ
ʺţû̫뷨еõϢ
һЦܼҶ̬Ⱥ⣬˵عǩԼʺžͱң˵ˣõԼϢʮݸ衣
ҲûˣԼϵݺ󣬿û̫⣬ѪǩѪ
ԼܼһˣȻǴɽˣͲ֪ʺŵĿɹʺķʲôܹһѣû뵽Ȼֻ֪Ҫֶӡ˵ûжôϢ
ϢǿɹĶȴҲȲϷҩ
Լ̫ˣ֪֪֮жôĸˡ
ŹܼȥͬиˣϢԼͿͻƣʱԪӤ˵ԼҲη塣

жʱս
а¡
ǺãҪȥ죬ʱ׼ʱμս
ǩԼ֮ҵ˶ԼǷĵģԼǩԺأߵ˷ǳ޴
ȻõϢ֮ǹܼһͨƹ˵Ƿǡ
ӳԦնֱӾͳ˴ǡ
֮һطͼ˷ȥ
;н˼ʽΪ֮һɽ֮С
ʶɽ̽һ£оǿߴ֮Ĵʼ󷨡



˲ǸֵĴ󲼳
Щ֮档
ʵҲǿԽʺſռȥͻƲΣȴԼ뷨ǿռεĻûнףҲͲһֵ۵Ŀдʵǲġ
˽⣬ƹ֮ÿһһصĴ۴ڣʵһֱӵĿдʽÿһεܹõһЩд˴ֿ֮д͸ˣʱ磬ľֵۡ
Ȼ֪ѣҲһ£һֵ۵
ȫϢʵѴﵽѣҪľϢԼȫһչ
ǺӣֻȭͷСһϢ档
ȻԼͱ֮˴ϢȴǵһοĶ
һۿȥⶫǳر𣬷·һ㣬ŨϢ
ԼڵϢȫͬ
ܵŨ֮ȭͷϢţתϷʼ
һ˽ɣϴβͬϴǱڡ
Ϸչ͸оϢԼˡ
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䣡
Ϣ֮󣬵ӴĻȫԾ
ͬڵײ
ϢڿٵĽ룬ǻļ͸оԼµǿʼչ
µ￪ʼչǷԼдСѨʼչ
ϵʶĺ˷ˣȫһֿذչ

Լȫڳһֵĸоÿһط絶ڷ仯
֪ϢҲҪÿһ˵룬һ˾ܹ룬ҲôϢǼʮȴȫͬһ˵뷽ʽһִûйˡ
һһЩϢܹչ֪ĸ㷨϶Żȥû˸Ľ롣
ϢԼĵ￪һ£滹в֪ǣǲķҲչһѣ롣
֪ȫǷˡ
ȭͷһϢȻȫ뵽˵档
ʮõõչ֮󣬿֪ˡ
ȫչ췭ظĸıҪʶ㹻ǿ󣬽ֻڵҪ
ΨһܹһǾǲͣתϷȻܾչԼȫжչĲʡ


113 ֵ
ۿžͽͻƣͻȻ䣬͸оԼȫ޴񶯣һҵ֮󣬵ﵽչһȴǲû˳㣬ڵٴ˳ǵѨȥ
Ȼˣ
Լڻ̫⣬һӽˣһͻƵ뷨ˣȻʮһ۷壬ûн㡣
һ˸ѨˣÿһѨ֮ǴѨڷµı仯
ʶһֱ̽ԼЩѨı仯ʱųԾˣЩѨڱЩµͬҲһֵֺתʽš
ǰĴѨȻҲһЩչռҲܴ󣬵ǣһװȴǷ˱仯Ҳ˵ӣ뵽֮󣬲Ǵ洢ҽС
Сֱ仯֪һԼȫͻγһһѭϢķչ
ԾĻһ˸ѨһЩСѨһֵѭһֵѭڵϢڷһصı仯
̫ӿЩѨѨҲڷһַǳֵı仯
һȭͷϢʱڽڡ
һĵ״ĴһȫϢɵĳԼµС
ô
Ϸ
Ȼ֣֮оԼϷڷת䡣
ϢǳĳصϵƵģǳµͿʼԼĹ켣תоԼȫĳصϵ
ڷ仯ԽԽǿоԼȫ԰ǳй
ⳤܹеӴǹжأ
ЩԾˣоϷڲ¶ʵһ棬ǵԼ֪Ϸ
£
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һһ֣治֪ԼϷ׷ʲô顣
һʱһͷʷĵʷһ֣ĵȼȫϢһʢ
˷ˣ
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Ų㣡
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ԼϷеݣ
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ԳУǻϷǷܡ
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ĵȻͻȻ֣ȴȫƿء
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ʶĺʱӾ޴ʶ޴ޱȣоԼʶȥĻ쵽Զĵط
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գǵҲһ
Ծ̫ˣȫܹݵƵġ
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ʲô˶УȻŲղƷˣѾҲо֣΢ЦƤʵô̫һҲƷƷʱõõƤһҲ󣬵ҪĻҴȥһҿ
Ǿ̫ˡ
ҲǸе˸ˣһ˴·Ȼһ顣
Ҳˣ
Ѿĺ󷽣;ϲ
תȥʱһ۾ͿĹȻڶ˧Ĵӵ
ߣڽȹİ£ȫ͹Զͤͤݣ۲ת䣬ȻһĨԲĪζ
΢Ǵ˿С֮ϵһɫ´ǣƳˡ
һСڷϣǽ֮г
ĵӣ뵽ʱӢˣоŮȫԼԼŮˡ
ʱͬҲվ
һۿĵϾȻһĨɫ
һֱעı仯ЩӸǾͶɫĿо˸ɱ
Сӣ
ϳ
û뵽Ȼҳ˾ʦˣ֮أ
鷳ˣ
ǷѾʱȴǶѻСЩɣȥˡ
˵⻰ûе˵ǴҴȥ
ȻѾ뷨ô˺Լǵܵǣ
ЩӵĵǿԼɱƵĿ⣬ɴ˹ȥ
ЩӦöԲչԼǷܹһЩأ
ǴЩԲ⡣


114 ϵ
ȻãǵķȥЩϸԽ˿ĿһЩŭ
˾Ҷ֪뵽£Ҷ룬ȻԲǰãôҸɴͲԲֱභˡ
ʼʱҲֻЩ˵ŭȻԼ򶷣ӶȡһЩǵĻǣߵĽһЩʱͳˡ
ͷǱԼĵľԳվ
վЩˣǾԳȫ㣬ĵطͦ
ǾԳ˱仯ʱҲڷ仯岿λͬҲǾԳһ
ԭϷĵطﰡ
Ȼ֪ϷΪλ֮Ϊħԭڣȴǲһ취
ԭٻЩصΪھЩʻˡ
һ·ǰ
ʮľʱһӳԾˣֻǱվڵеľԳʱȴɢһϢĵϢͽһ
ٶ̫ˣûκεķӦѷ
ʧ˳˵ϢںһʱһǿҵĸоԼ·һռ顣
ʶдĵ·һԼǰȥǿͤͤôáȫûһĵطһԼĻ
ô
оԼȫѪڣˬ˵ĸоӿͷ
ʱ·ͣͣԼû뵽һĿȥʱľȻߺվ
һȥˣŮӸԼȫͬ
ҲУ
һ£һڴּ飬ŪǿƽҲ޷ƽˡ
ʶдȫһʵ֮鶼ôС
龹ȻҲ֣
ˡ
﷢ȴǳ˼֮ˣĿŮƵľȻ·üĿ顣
ĵӣȫ鶯֮ҪȻҲߺվ
޷ˣ
һǴ
㾹ҵһȭ
ҲǷһȭǳʹ˹ȥ
Ȼʶг̫ݣʶȴŵģһԷԼʹһȭʱγ˾ͳ˹ȥͬȭͷԷȭͷӲһ
뿴Լһȭм
ΪȷԼһȭܹסȫ˾
ʮ㵽֪Լʲô
һ˵ȭͷһ
꣡
һЩΧߵǾ¶˳֮飬֪군ˣǴ˽кΰųȭһ˫ȭ֮»˲ٵĸ֣ΰȻУ
ܣ
ܿ죬Ǿ
ʱǺΰǲҽ
ٿȭʱҵжЩԾһֻȭȻñˡ
ȭˣ
ΰȭȥȭʱҵһ䡣
ʱַԼˣǺΰභһȭ˺ΰ֮͸˼ֻ岽ľ롣
֮£֮ϢĽھ͸ǲһʶĽڡ
оԽĸоԽǿҡ
ʱͬ飬Ͳ֪ԼΪλÿһμһ鶯УָоûйģܵԼ˼άеּˬĸоʱٿʱиĪζ
ô
ȫ벻Ϊλ˵ԼʩչаĻôǺΰ򶷣Ǵ򶷵ʱԼǿҵĳ£鶼ʧˡ
Լ⣿
ܵԼ岿λһһʱתɻƮȻȥ
ôˣ
˷뿪֮󣬿о͸һЩɱ
ɱ
֪˭һʱЩ˳˹ȥ
췢̫Ƕˣô˶ûи㶨ģһʱͳ״óˡ
뵽ԼŮͽС²ʱôҲ޷
˵ˣЩǴľӢҲϣĳɹ
ô˳ԼʱϲӭЩҲȥ
ǵҲ˽˲٣һطֻҪǴҲû¡
ܣֻҪԷõԷӲӲƴɱ
Ľг˲Ƭҡ
ΪЩԲһԲ޵У
Ĵ󺰣ֻıһȦ
ȦҲֻһ΢״ѡ
Բĳ֣Ĺ
ʩչԲʱҷ·Ƶġ
Բ
Բڻ
Բ⵶
Ҳͣĺţȫ˻
Ҳ˲Բᱻȥ顣
Щ˵Ϊʵ̫ߣߵҲͽ𵤶ΪԽսԽ£˾Ⱥ
ǰЩ˵Ļȡһ벢û飬ϾЩҲף˵ˣԼֶβؼʱǲܹõġ
Щ˵ĻɴѧϰǵԲֶΡ
һߴһԲ⡣
̫ˣԪӤ֮ڸѾ޷˺ȺսޣЩӸһĵڵϡ
ɱһһʱЩ˲ûɱһĵȥ
Щ˶ԼõȥʱҲԼսһµ˽⡣
Լûʩչȫ
ҵڵϿ־ؿʱ˰ֵԺң򣬼һδһǵԲ
˸ˣ뵽ԼҪ鲢ûİɣЩƤĵط˹ȥ
ûһ˸ͬԣǿƤĵɫǴ䣬ԵСĵؿ
ʱһŵؿЩƤ츳ֻҪ۵ģͻóŵһߡ
ָָһѵƤʵǮ
ֵǮҪĻȥ
뵽ôֻž
һŶ٣ٴѯʣҲռˡ
һ£Сĵһʯˡ˵⻰ʱжڷ
Ͳȱʯһ£ƽʱļǮһǧʯƤ
ҪƤǮôĹŵƤæȥǵӡ
棬ǹ˺ôһѵƤ
հ
кЩ޶ӵŶص츳еǸˡ
ʱ˲ûпȴôķʽ˾ʦˣ㻹һ°
һսˣ֪Լûʤ㣡


115 Բ
˾ʦˣȥ
ոչƤ˴
ЩǴ˾Ȼġ
Ȼ֪ŮΪλͻȻԼлǷǳˣ˵ѾʼԼˡ
ѵϢԭ
һ֣ԼϷȻ椹ˣ
Դӵõͻ֮һԼڵΪ˾ʦ
¶ЦݣȻС
Զһӣһţȴһ죬ȫԼΪι
ǵʱΧԼתЩһȣȻЩǰͱȲϡ
ͷʱȻֳָ·ʱĳĻٴȼĵ顣
ˣ
뵽˾ʦôʱֻ뵽ˣȻұϿȥôǿʵȴ֪һŴִڣֻҵΧˡ
ֻҪԼҾͱȻᱣס
ĹĵȥǸܵ˸ֵĵ
һʱ͸оԶŴʶԼķ򣬲һּٶȶ
һ˵Ȼôˣ
˾ʦţҲЩԾ뵽Լ֪ɵ˵˾ʦɵš
˾ʦԪӤһˣ֪˿϶ֹԪӤһ㡣
Ҳˣʵڴ򲻹Ļҡ
ܹô棬ûиš
ȻˣҿסȻһЩֶΣԼ⡣
˾ʦ˲һҪԼΧӼ˹
õϢ֮˾ʦ룬ͰĴ˷ҲҪץס
˾ӣʦҲŭˡ
õĵĴʶ֮̽ˣһƬĵط
ʯͤʯʡʯﱾһеĵط
ָ׼һЩˮɴҲһˮ˲ˮ
֮ʱԵԽԽҪʱһΪȻͻõҲԼһЩȤ
Ǳݺ֮ʱͼǹâ䣬Բ֡
ЩԲĳֻ֣ƮɣһĶŮǳ
ԲⲢҫۣȴɫ
ȤĻмŮԲ⾹ȻûһĻڵϣŮԲȴǳֳһЩľеγʵ
ԾؿЩŮԲ۽ˣһۿȥЩŮĵԲûݡľˮʺ硢ʵ
սԲ⣬ȫһЩȤ
ɿȥһȤɡ
һӶӴԲǵһʵԶȥ
ȥͿһñ˾绹˧ƮȻ
˧ӣͬҲһɰ
˾ʦ
˵ųֻܰ̾˾ʦȻһܵˡ

˾ʦ󣬵ǣȴ
ӵʱŮǰںΣϸŸֵʳƷơ
ĸִľߵŮվ󣬸ŮͷɢһûΪɡĹâ
ǰԲ浽µ
˾ʦʱ˫һû뵽Ҳһ˧ˣϵǿĶ
ɱһЩ
ЩŮչʾֵ죬ףԲԭԼЩԲϵͳϲǿϾһɣɲܹԲ浽
Ҿ˭
֪Է˭һ䡣
ҽĬ˾ʦȻҲҵӵʸӦҵĵӣҿһ
Ĭ˵ʱƽ·ѳƿصƵġ
ʵҲȷˣһԪӤֵǰûе˸Ͳ
Ȼ֪Լĵϳ˿ĬȴǲΪжߵΪֻ֪ܻƽԲѡ
ĬȴǸܹвϾ˫֮Ϊ̫ˡ
΢΢һЦҲ֪ǲлҵֶΣҪսս
˵ʱȫһչ˵϶ʱޱߵɱ
֣Ĭ΢ЦϲŮˣҲϲˣԸϲǲ
ֺܵĬˣŰ׽
һ⻰ʱ͸оȫζ˰һƵŮͨɱ
뵽˾ʱһֶĵĸо˰Ĭĵӻһƨɵ
˽һɵѾȶˡ
˾ʦҪɱϷ˲١
һ޴гȻսĵصг֮⣬ǰۿȴǺܺá
¹ŮȻôĶ
ǰ¹ÿӸѰŮȫһŮܹ¹Ǿˡ
ЩŮκһóǼƷܹ˯һǾˬˣ
ȥɣûУǸҲǽ𵤲ΪǵΪЬ䡣

¹Ůһ־Ūôһ棬ţҲãΪҪ군ˡ
˵ĬŮͨɱЩŮļ檣ϧˣ
ˣһֱ֪˾Ĭĵӣѵ˾Ҳƨɵģ
пܣӦǵġ

˲²˾顣
һ²֮£ҵıо̫Ĺ졣
ĬԪӤϹ֣ôܲˣһӾСۣһɱˣ
ȻϲһЩ飬ȴǲϲ˵ˣǵô˽ۡ
ˣĬΨһ뷨ɱˡ
Ļһ䣬ֻһ۷ŮһչʹԦն𣬳Ⱥķȥ

һҽУǸ˵˾ƨɵǵ˵ϡ
Ůɱɢӡ
ƮƮأ۷Ů·ûɱƵģгһֵı顣
ƮȻһأ
Ҳ࿴Ů˼ۣóŮȫһɱ֣ɱ˲գ۵ϹҲǲ١
΢΢һЦĬȻҵĵǻ᲻ʱһ£ǣǵõĺôȴ̫ˣҲԿ
ζǾͿʼˡ
Ĭ΢΢һЦ˺Ů˶һʼʱԼ뷨ˣֻҪ䵽ҵУҲǻ仯ģģ
˵ﻰһתߵŮ˵һϣ


116 Բ
ĬŶʮˣһˣȫŮˣЩŮһò绨פۿҪǽ𵤵ŮɱһˣһǿŮˡ
Ĭһ£۷Ůҡҷӳ˹ȥ
Ի
Բ䣡
Ů߳ų
ǾɫŮڿгֳȫһУƮƮ־չԲӳĵö֮
ǵĽ߳ͼһ޴Բֶ⳯ȥ
ͬʱһԲ֮мʸֱ죬ǹâ뷢

ǳԾˣȫǲ¹Ϲ
һǰԻ棬һԻм䣬˶롣
ǣе𾪵ȴ뵽Իеûܵκε˺ֻһչɢǿϢ֮۷Ů˵ԲȻɢȥ
ã
ĬҲд֮£ŮǴɱǰȥŮۣ
ȻǰҲ֪ƽԲû⣬ΪֻżȻΪһˣǿ
նɱ˴ˣؽ
õʮŮ˳ȥ
ŮΨһڵС
һʱ֮ǹâ䡢ϼֵĹȥ
֣ʮ𵤵ŮˣǿԸɵһԪӤڸֵʵ
ʵʱҲѹ޴һЩ׺ŮˣһԲûĹǿޱȣȫɱ
ȻʮΪҲǿ֮ЩŮĹҲۡ
Ӳƴˣ
뵽ǰԼܾȫչϷͬҲת
Ϸת͸оǱԾԾľԳʱȫ³һǿɢϢʮŮ˶ȥ
Ļ˲ע뵽ڣӰʱࡣ
ȻˣʱҲоԼ廹ǳ⣬žԳĶﶯ֮ٵļ
ã
֪Ϸֿʼˡ
ȥܻᱧŮˡ
ڵʶҲͬǿһУǿʶڵǾԳȥȫǾԳѹơ
ѹƣⷴɵ̫ˡ
ѹ֮ʶ࣬ᣬܾתøӵĿ١

һŮ˲ҽһоԼԲԲڱһɴڳȡԲ
ͣʮŮ˵Բⶼʼ
Ĭʱȫܵˣ֪϶ŶԸԲĴУȥԼŮǾȫˡ
Уɱ
ûж룬ĬҲȥ
ҿ
ս
һԪӤһĸΪһڵ˱۸ˣҪ϶ʮ𵤵ĸ֣ǰ۸ˡ
̫Ҫˣ
Ŀˣǰȴһѵ¹
һ仰Ͱֹ̫ˡ
¹ǿǴ֪ģȥǾĳ˲¹ĵˡ
Ϊһ˵¹µȷ
ǣǱһԪӤһ㡢ʮ𵤸Χŵʱֻܰ̾һ
ˣ
군ˣ˭ã˲¹
ǣǱΧȥʱȴԽսԽµ
ûУĬһˣ
ǰˣǡ
ûܹͿûбˣǿ֮һ֮һѵķ˳
˲ˣЩļָĹսøӵļҡ
Բ󣡡
Ĭһθܵǿ󣬴һʱһȫԲɵĴһӳڴҵǰ
Բǿ󣬶ʮ˺֮£Բ⽫һĳӣһ˳һˣĹ֮£
֪ϱɫôҲ벻׶Ըһ˻ʹֶΡ
Ҳ֪Ĺ£ԪӤڵȥҲ޷
ԶҵǸ˹
һ۾Ϳ⼤ս
ҵһԪӤĸֳԾؿⷢԼǰգһ۾ʱôҲ벻һ㶼ûеΪλӵôǿս
ܿģͷһؼ˱Щ¹жǿǲ¹ЩĹʩչĳֵֶΣѲ¹˵ԲȥˣȥԲ֮󣬲¹Ǿ޷Լչ
ȻҲ̫ˡ
첻ˣǰһ°
뵽УôĸΧʱľɫˡ
¹Բǿͬһ㣬ȥҲȲˣ
ҵĸ̾һûǰ
ʱгԾ֮ɱʱҷ·һӱˡ
Լ˾͵ĺ
ˣ
ĻԼʱҾͿڻûһԳ״ޡ
ǾԳĳ֣һ﷢
ֻһԲ⾹ȻǾԳĳ֮󱻾ԳԾ̵ķʽ
ֻһԲڰʧ
ĬʱǴŭ죬ŻӶһӳͿ衣
ǰȫһÿһӹȥһԲ⻯ǿĻȼա
춯أ
ûãչ趯˫ȭһš
һУʶĹ
֮󣬾ͼһŮʧȥǱԲȫʧ
ʣµĬӷˣСǱ˾ȣɿĻ֮ߣȥ
úã
¶ЦݣӵŴĹֶΣܾչĽɡ
һʧȥһܾչ֮ݳ˾Գս֮⣬Ҳʼ
ˣ
ܵԼѾʱĬһĿ־У֪ˣ˵ˡ
ʱĴսǳԾؿЩþ˵Ůǡ
ֻǶʮŮڿٵȥ
绨ڴҵǰƤƵ
ˣ
ЩŮ˱ǾԳȡȫ֮󣬱Դʧ֮ҲסգҲ˸ı䡣
˾ĽЩŮ˵ٴγ֡
ЩŮ˱˾绹ϣʾȫʵ
ôҳԾĻۿȥֹ֮һǵҲڻȥһѻҽ֮ÿһ˶ȥ
ʱһУԼŮ˱ĬǷԶˡ


117 
ˣ
˭Ҳû뵽һֽǷĬ޻˵࿴ٿʱе˵
ôܣ
Ϊֻ·һȴ
Ϊһսһսûôͽˡ
ҵһζԲʧȥġ
ڴĿǿޱȵԲôǰôأ
ȴǲûҵ뷨ŪˣֻҪǾѹһۡ
תĴһʱͿվ˵Աߣ֪ǰȥ˾ȱȻȱûаԼȴҲҪ죬ĵķһȭлǰ
ûרŸлģϾ漰һɣĸĴ鷳
óĵͷܹߣҲòĻֲġ
Լⷽ˵Ļʱĵһ֪뷨ϸΪԼˣ뵽Լָоʱһתȥ
ȥ˻Ϊޣûȥ롣
ڶڴ˵ȫǣ˵һսˡ
ôĽ𵤸֣һԪӤһĸ־ȻȫУȻرֶΣǣϱֳǿȻ𶯴ҡ
ҵԪӤʱĿҲ͸ɫû뵽Ȼʤˣöʮ𵤸ֻΪҽ˵ѲԼĬҲˣⶼʲôս
ϱͷḻ࣬ͣš
뵽ǿֶʱЩ
뵽ǩԼģжڵõʺŵͶһЩΡ
ͬһȭҵԪӤֵѶˣҲûæ³ܼѡ
ĶԻʽǰԼƽȵԵˡ
ЦЦȻȥġǲ̫ϰô˵ע֮¡
롣
³ҲһЦ⻰ӦԼ˵ģû뵽ǶԷѡ
ҵƮȻȥۿٴΰĿͶǳϣǶʮþ˵ĽŮ־ȥʱһжһֳƸС
رЩаŮ˵ǣ뵽ʮŮһȥֶĵĸо˵
Կһþ˵Ů˱ϣȻЩŮֳ̬֮һЩʧȥԵҲ̫һЩɡ
ԵУ
һЩŮʱԾ裬˭Եлͬ³
ǲûȥһսϢʲôķʽŴ˵һսѾ
뵽֮³ܵͬҴССȨﶼˣξͲһССĹܼͬ
һ֮³΢Цſʵ˵չ˲ܣҴǸ
úܺãҺ⡣
Ҳû˵ǵĻ
³ܾ΢Ц˵ѵİ˴õʺŵĿԾʹˡ
³ܣ֪һ̽Լ뷨ͳû˵ʺʲôҲ⣬Ҵ˴֮ԴӦμӣϣĵõϢ
ȷ˵ԼĿģҲҷĵ˼
³΢ЦŴһָóһ߼ʵСǰһݵѼȻҪϢҶȻȫռǶ۵ǷһϢˣˣһķϡ
ôһеϢ˹жҲЩԾû뵽Է󷽳
ת֮ˣԷʾõ˼ŨԼôǿսϣܹԼꡣ
ȻȻûпıҪǺһյǾͶлˣһȫΪҶȡʺţ
õٴγŵ³ܵϸһЩЦݵʲôҪǻȫ㡣
ûʲôҪˣֻҪһչصĵطҵ׼һЩƷ
³΢Цȫû⡣
˵һҵ˵õԺصס
ЦЦ֪ԼĴǴõ
Щ飬Ҳ⣬ھ͵֮ϻȥ
ȥıӰһҵ˿³ܵ棬ǲ¹ܹԸģסǼ棬¹ô죿
ǰ棬ɱ˲¹ôˣǹԵô죿
Լôĵģ³ܺһҲǿ׾ܹģ¹Ǽﶯ֣㾡ܷģҪֵĻΨһĿܾǵʱΧ
³зһ棬Ȼע·һôҪϢ
ҵЩǿ˿³̾һ
ȥķֿ˿һ󷨾Ͳ˸֮³ܲ˵Ƕˣ˵ڻٸ磬ûлͶʽȥúأ
棬˼ţܻܿõʺţһҵ׹
˵ͷ³ܵĽҲ֪ǣ壬κε鶼һͶʻرεͶηմһЩǣԽǴķգرͽԽǷϢʲô˵ĶҸõʺȴҴûеõĶһζĲҶĵľܹõʺţֻҪҵõʺţҾͶһĻᡣ
³ܻһ뷨û˵ԪӤһѾܶˣۿӽܹõʺţ뵽ʺеĻͻлᣬʵΪԼڽһζĲ
³һ˵ҵЩҲȻˣȷҲ
ô벻ͨĻҪĶֻϢֶڴ˵ûжôĶôķҩ֮ĺöҪȻֻҪⶫ³ԣϸͲ
һ飡
³ܺ˵Ƕʮ𵤸ôġ
⻰ҵ˼ˡ
ǰǽ𵤵ĸֶˣЩˡ
Щˣ³ܵһЩصֶεģ¹ò취ֶΣȥ˶ȥ
˵ʱ³ܵ۾ͶһЩĪζʵڿֶ֮ͶˣֶܹΣԼܾܿͽ޵УǣԼжһ֮³ܲò뷨Ϳֶƽ⣬ðȻȥпܾͻС
ΪֶΣ³ܲŻһʱֳ˴󷽵ӣһеϢ͸
ɳԱȥϢ۶ٶܵ
³ܴʾõøӳס
Ϳֶˣ


118 
鲻ôһӵϢٴεõȫԶԼԤ롣
һָоԼΪߣƶϢҲһЩϢһ¡
ңҲһ뷨ϢҲһҪĶڶ׼һЩǺõġ
طЩأȻϢԺ治֪ʲôĵطϢԽȡԽǺ¡
εס̫ˣ֮£Ũһʱָо
ݼعӡ
ӭ˳
飬ҲûжĸоﲢԼļңûбҪ
ɡ
˵⻰Ϊ׵һ˵ȥ䡣
֪ԼֵʱԼ̫ˣǰ;ôգΨаԼС
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һˣ߽һܴ档
һȥʩҲ걸һɢϴԡ䡣
ڿûϴԡ䣬˵үŮ㣿
ҡҡ֣ˣãҲȥɡ
˸֮̽һֲ֮һ֮ȥϴԡ
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ʮŮ־ȻǾԳһڵĻĬԪӤһĸҲ˴ȻˣԼڵȫӳǵֱ֪ﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
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һŵƤƤŽ˽ָʱ䣬Եø棬һЩǰֻƤдֶҲ顣
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Ҳһ뷨տǿռûиߵȼƷۣԼƷýһС
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΢΢һЦ³ܵ壬ϵҲûʲôѹ˵ˣҲ֪ǩԼģԣҲôؼԼˣμĻҸоΣԺܴԼͽ˰ɣ㾡һ롣
˵óǩԼˡ
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Ĺ֮ͿһԼԽԽǻĵȥ¡
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Ҳû϶˵ֱӾѯ顣
³֮ģʺųֵʱ䲻ֱʺűȫ߲ʧʺŻһŻʽڿУֻн뵽ǵŻ֮չһƴŻԽиֵ˺ɱÿһʺųʱƴɱǷǳҵģ˾̫ˡ
мʺţ
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ԭ
׹
ӦһЩɶɳɣ
֪Żֻ֮µ˲ܹ룬ˣǿҲ޷롣
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ѣһ£ʱҲͽԪӤڶѣ̫Ϊ˽룬ÿһʱܸɴӵĶԪӤ˽룬ǰûõʺŻûпԣ
˵⻰ʱ³ܶЩأǮҲ޷ʺš
ɳҲǿɣ
óǻؽõһʺˡ
³ܵѣ˴ؽԪӤһĸ֣ʮ𵤼ĸֲμᡣ
תһ룬Щ³ܵ뷨΢ЦѾϣҾͲһˣֳˣ㿴ô
³ܱ뷨ЩεѵĿЩֻҪһط˾ˣֻҪˣЩ˾ͻᣬᵽʺҲĹ͡
΢΢һЦУ
Ҵ⣬ҲˣԼ֣ȻЩˣʱԪӤʶǿйõʺŵĿԾ̫ˡ
Ȼд˻׷ɱԼǾͿܷһЩ˵Ļ
Ҳдɱһ뷨


119 Ƽ
һĺҫԽԽ
ŻҪˣ
˴һ
һ˫˫ĿⶼͶǺ֮
ԶֵһĺҫȴǺҫۡ
ģǺԽԽԽԽƬ֮С
עˣаʱʱͻ仯ʱһŻŻĿʽʼ׼һ¡
Ҳǵһˣ֪ĸ̫࣬Ҷȴš
վĸ֣ҵԼ¡
³ܾվߡ
ȥһЩġ
һۿȥĽһ·һѣȫ׼һսӡ
վٿβμĸɺͼ֣ҲЩ治֪Ƿܹ
ѣҷֳӣһӣһӣһʵֻһˡ
³ܶ·ӣȻûſȴôʽ˵
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һӶӵǣӡ˽³ɫ䣬Ϳѣ˴εԶҶ˵ˣ
ʱҲԽԽ˵һۿȥľԲҫ۵
ԲԽԽҫ۾ΪԽߣ˿óǸɵĸ֡
оԪӤΪҲ˲٣̲סһ䡣
΢΢˵ͷ³ζѣ˵ǵĸֶǳ𣿡
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۾ɱЩĴ⣬ͱԼҪɱһˡ
˶ԸЩ¹һսԲѾٺ£Լȫһս֮
ʱվҲת͸һֵǡ
ĵȻǴˣһ۾ͿΣգ뵽Ż֮У˭Ҳ˵ʲôˣһĴս
Լ֪ʲôԭԽԽİΣ
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ĵһĵ
յĵϾһ죬ٰŤһߣȴǸоúܿ죬ȫһĿС
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ʺŴҲҪǣֶξ͸ϣһֶΣһӡͻΪһɡ
ΪֶεоѾ޷γʺŵսҵһǷ²ֶν
ڹ۲ǣҲÿһ˶εļ
͵Ƚǿռˡ
ʱҾͷǺڷ仯ԽԽ죬ԽԽһŻ·Ǻڻɡ

ŻҪˣ
׼ˣһʱȥ̣
һЩﶯ
ȴԵƽ֪һӾͽѰʺžҪʱ䣬һļսš
ͬһ飬ֻҪԼսͽչûԼսѣҵЩҵ˻ᣬпҲǻԼء
˼һʶûжʱЩɵĸͬҲûж
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³ܵ뷨ЦһҪԼǣסǡ
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ȻҪңȻܾ
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վĿȴ͸һɻһŻȻһַǳϤĸо
ǳϤ
һһ𾪸УһָоŻʺе±ӪĿռô
ѵ
оŻĿռ䡣
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ԼʺеЩװҲһã
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һؽԪӤֻ࿴³һȭʶӾͳŻԦնȥ
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óЩԪӤĸֶվʶȻϡ
ǵȴԼˡ
ô
˼Լ˴սֶΣҪٽ룬ȻٶЩ˵׷
ȻˣһģŻ֮ǰǷҲɵ˵Լ
ѣŻ֮һŻһĴͷʽдͣ㲻ص˶ſڡ
³ܰԼ֪
ԭ
ҲһһԼֶξܹչˡ
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УֻҪϢȻȫϣ
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һչԦն𣬳ŻͿٵĳ˹ȥ
жʱЩŵҲˣֻһͬչԲҫУȥ
һ³ܾͰ̾һ֪Щɸִ⣬Ǵ㵽ʱʱһֻҪһ֪֮ͨеǰȥΧ
СǷܹһأ
³ܵǸӵģֻͬԲֶκģǣףǶȾָĶӲҪ֣ǵõҲסɵĹԣܹľǾܵʾϣӵֶ֮µõʺš


120 ȻͬĿռ
ǰٷУǸɵĸǽԲζƾ졣
θոսӽſʱһѵƤŻǰ˳ȥ
䡢
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ɱ
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Ҳǲ²⣬ܹȷԼŴƤȥһ¡
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ԼĻǵĹΧڣǾΣˡ
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𵤸Ƿ밵ǣôҲû뵽ͻȻһ֣ڷʱʶֵˡ
һʨӺͻȻֱӾͰЩûзĽ𵤸ˣ޷֮¾ͳŵϵ䡣
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ĹˮڴûзӦ¾ɡ
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ĸɸֲûȥЩˣҲͶ뵽ŻС
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һ֮ԪӤĸ־ͰĿͶλá
ԣͷȺ˵
ͷս鼫ḻİĵطȽһ޲ĺ֮ų֡

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˸ܹסһ

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ľ޿ſͼԪӤֻ𺣳ȥ
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ԪӤִ󾪣볷عʱڵ
ЩеĻȻݵɡ
ۿԼԲڰܵһʱ˸гԾԼһ־˵ٶɢ

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þԼȫһҺ䣬ϣͨĺɱǣһԲûɵĹϢȫ뵽
Ҳû뵽ô˵ۿͷǱʱվͬЩԾ
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ڻߣɢȥϵþ̫ˣͬٴηͷҲͬ˻ҽ
ǵڵϵĽָҲڻȥҲЩ£ҪԼϷպþܹסԷӮһΡ
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ݿȥͷĻ֮ǵһЩ
ݵ֪ҪķӳҪߵ·кԶ
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ʶʱŽָһ̽ʱϵıӷḻ
ʺſռԼƷȫ˽ָˡ
Լʲô
ߵֶˡ
ٿԼָʱͬҲԼһָ档
ʶ̽ȥʱֻѪõѾʧֻѪš
ʶո̽鵽ֻѪʱԸܵԼֻѪһʶϵϵ
ٿѪõѪˮɵԭһֻֻѴﵽΪ
ǣ
ǼʶѪˣȻŹĻᣬٴŪһԼѪˮѪַѪˮС
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ԾĿУѪǻ֮佻
ܿ죬һֳϡ
öѰ
һӾ³ôʱЦˣԼܹһ֧Ӵһǽ𵤼ϵӵĻ֪׻ж
ȫԼѪˮҲҪ̫ˣһԼѪˮΪмˣĿ˵ѪˮһԼѪˮӦÿС
ȻЩģǣҲֶ֪ΣֻҪֶΣܻţǾ͡
⾹ȻһĿռ䣡


121 ɻȡ
Ǵ¶ЦݣѴ֣ԼԴ
ȴǷһԶͽ뵽ԼĵûٻصָС
Ŀռ䣬֮ÿһεĺоԼǻ
ѹ̫˶ϲռʺŵ
ռ̫ˣһҲûпһˡ
һطи̾ǸԪӤҲùģôĿռ䣬ȻԼˡ
һ󣬸оڶԼ˵ҪĻҵʺŵڲУǣſ񣬰ʶĴ̽
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ЩˣЩ˳Բ֮⣬ԸԼ
ɣ
һ۷ĸֿһ䡣

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Լ֣ǽ𵤸Ͼ¶Цݵܺã֪ӵƽԲԣľɴ˴ɳԱȫ֣ҵ뿴ƲƵǵ
Ǻǣãһɵˣ
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ЦЦ׼
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ѴҲЩ֣뿪ʱڿռĽָУûдԴӽ֮󣬴ӽָó֮󣬴һֱĵдš
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һչ

һһͳǾ޻˹ȥ
޻̫죬趨оûдȫײһ
ۣ
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㹻ǿҲû̫ܵ˺
Ҳû뵽ô׾ȡʤԼĴʱжҲһЩռӦֵ趨˲ûԣľӲӲĹ޻ҲãԣŻ᲻һеĽйԼеһѴ󵶣һ
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ݲȥ
æʶ˵һ䡣
ռ棬ֱʺɣ
һʾʱһеԾʾˡ
Ƿװ񣿡
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վЩˡ


122 ϶
Ƿװ񣿡
ʾٴδ
ʱҲһ֮˵ȫˡ

ӦһʱͷԼܵһɴǣٴλص˴ϣû׹Ǵǿʼ͡
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ʱվǴŴʱе֮˵ڿʼʱԼͷͻȻðԼռʺݣȻð룬ʾ˵ԼʺȷԴ͡
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ֿһ۾һһˣԼȥ޷ɹһȫµֶΣܾгɹĿܡ

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124 
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ɱܹ˲ֵ֮⣬ܹġ
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ɱ֮ȴʾʱȻûʾ
죡
Щ޷ˣһӦ찡


126 
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127 Χ
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129 
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һȥǣ˴֮ҽȥ
ǡǡ𣿡
Ķʱˣָоӡĵס
ܣǻ棡
˵⻰ȥ
һصƷûʰĵˡ
ȥıӰ˶ˡ


130 һս
һɽ֮ϣûȥʺŵ飬˵ʺѾû塣
ϸϸ쿴ŵֵǸССҲڳɳţֻǳɳЩѡ
ȫĵӣȫһģ
ʶȫ͸뵽ĵʱһָоԼ֮ϵӵĽһָоԼȫԽССϵϡ
ֵĸо
Ϸħ
ķ·ÿʱÿ̶ڳɳš
۲һҲֻǷ£ܹܵóķ·ͬԼһǿΪԼõġ
ѵԺĻݻΪԼһƵ
ͷиоЩңڷԼеЩŪˡ
ԳĽ˸ֵĽ֮ŮȫϢһԼĵУĲͳԼһˣ
ԼǷΪΪأ
ͷиӵĻ
оһսɣ
Լڳ˵ȴûİ취ռ浽ҲǿоսĿռ䡣
ϴεʹͲԼһգҪоľôԦʹ󵶹飬һָоսӦòҪԼӦûԼû׵ԦֶΡ
ԼĹĿռʹãսȻҲܹʹõģţֻҪԼսܹת磬սͽĵõ
׿һУĶͶ뵽о֮С
Ҳ֪˶ã¶ЦݣԼȻûŪΪֻԼڵγɣȴǲû뵽Լֻһǣȴڵ
ԼǣӶ۳һǿڵϵӦòԼǿ
ǣЩԲĺǷսûһЩйأ
˼άҲٴεõ˴򿪡
һЩʱ͸оĿռ䶼һֲС
еķ֪ʺŵѾһͻԭء
Լһ飬ҲоԼûʲô⣬εһŵĿԼɱô֮⣬û˿Լɱôĸ֡
ҲһģθɵҪɱԼģԼȥĻ㲻þͳʸ֮ģûһòȥС
뵽ͻûһƸ㱻ԼɱԱ
ϵ·䷢·Ҳظ
ϲɱˣս֪֮ԼԲ˵޵еĴڣԼʮˣĺǿϷܾһϣǾԲߵȻǣʲôԼ
ױһֻ򶷶ѡ
ո£͸оһɴԼȻͳǿռ֮⡣
ոճҲһ͸оʶԼɨ
ڳֵ˽϶࣬Ҳۡ
ʱǿռеһ˳ƬͲ˳ˡ
վЩŵع۲Լʶסʺź룬Ҳ֪ʺź뵽Ƿܹ
۲һ֮ͷˣʺŵԼʺź벢ڳͻĵطҲûʾԼѡʲôġ
ԭ֮û⣡
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οǲûѯʺŵ飬ҲûǿѲʲôġ
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ĵĿľͶԼϣɻ֮顣
һЦԼĵʶĽ֮ҪоԼĴڵҲһֿܣɻԼݡ
˵Ŀʱ΢΢һЦ
Цݣȴһ죬۾һϲ֮顣
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΢üͷ³ܻ΢΢ͷ롣
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⻰һ˵˾޷ˣұ۸˵Щѻ˿ɾˡ
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ûʲô׵ĵطΪӡɵķչҪ£
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Ÿɿȥʱ³ܵаθɵĸֵ̫ˣԪӤ־źö
Ҷסˣ
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ˣ³ֻ˵ɵİɣºұؽصĲ
⻰˼ǴӦɶǽ̽ˡ
⻰̲סһۣףΣˣɲѳǾݡ
̾һ뷨ǻҵȥһ֪ԼҲ޷Ψһսˡ
Ȼ޷ˣǾֻһս
뵽ǰԼòָ˹ȫһչŸɴڴˣ˭һս
Ŵǿߣֳһ־ϵϢڽóһѴ󵶡
սѾ壬ǵһ㹻ʹá
ôԲ֣Ȼ֪Լô򣬲ǰԼϷܾչѡ
һ˫˫ĿⶼͶϣɵʱҲ˫۷Ź⡣
ΪҶŸֵ׼ԲܹʹãǾôҲҪ£⣬󷨣ͬҲǿһã󷨡ǿߵĹնɱǲС
ĵһӻǰ
ʱѰǵıսҪעһˣҲ뿴ʲô̬ȡ
οĲûȥǷȥԼ
λôķʽͶĵԼأֶΣܵ뿪һЩҺչҵֶΡ
Ĵ뵽ֳǿ뵽ֶʱҲ֪ԼûаʸȥΪ
һ£ٴ濴˿תԦնȥ
Ů˴
ȻҲ¶ЦݣŮǴˣ֪ԼģϾ뿪ˣǺ¡
ڿһսˣ


131 
һȥԲ䣬ϼʳ˸ֵĹâеĸԲ⾹Ȼû˴ɽеĻûɭ֡󺣣Ļûľǿޡ
Բ⵽˼ֵĻû֣мӾϿԲֵøӵơ
صѣΪ˼壬ֻˣԲ𣡡
³ܴ
˾Ҫɱʱ³ܺˣһɼ޷ס
΢΢һͷȫܹ뷨Ųȫӡɣ˭ѡĿܶȥΪоѾˡ
ô򣡡
һӶ˵ԪӤִ˵
Բڿɢȥձ徲
ԽԽ˸ǿС
沼󷨣
һԪӤִһ
ȺΧˮйͨĸǰ
׼Զ̹Զ̷
һŮ˵
ӵϢĸɸȻԦնܹԪӤֶвħͷѾҡӡɵĸԲܹɳ
Щ˵ĻٿǵжʱһǿɱЩ˻壬ûһʴ֮ģ
ԼӵһƽԲֶΣǾʹԼˣ
֪ԲֶŻ˸ɵˣرǸߵԪӤֳ˴صоĶо֮óһۣǾֶζԲǾлԵĹԲܹڣԣսʱɳ˴˴㵽ǿռȥɱûпĳ֣ҵȻҪɱˡ
ɱԲƽֶӡɶٻˡ
һƤҲҴˣŵıؽһս
ô
ȻžȫܹסЩ˵ĽԣڴԼ뷨
ɱ
һɛսɢˣξչ֮ǻΪ⣬ȺԦն
Ľ룬Ƥϵļ
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ȫһɣֵĶʡ
ֵıը˳
Ⱥ򣬿ǣĶ̫ˣֵƤϣ˲ǴȺҡ
û뵽˵ʹεôĿ죬ƤеŻˣֵԲȻȻ
ٶ̫ˣڴһûзʱʨӺǴ
һĽ𵤸ֱȥ
ժ˲ٵĽָʹ
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һչǻûǸɱݻٵ
һ𵤵ĸ֣װܣپ˳ɵȺС
ȻսʱչһǸڹ۲еԪӤֵͷ­
Ⱥ˻û׹սһʽɽõն
ɽƺХ磡
һ֮£ǰһȺѱնɱ
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ͣһطЩ˻ûŪ֮£ǴѵƤ
ϵĻ£ϵıΣױһɵĵӶһɽйȫ˸ɵ
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ʱô󵶣ʱȭƣĹû·͹ɣΪ
ôҳԾĻҲһԲ⣬õľȻԲй
ȫˣҸ޷һЩԪӤܹȴǸĽٶȣÿһչʱȻһ˲Ƶոţ˲ǵһ˵м䡣
ƤڹΪ˷òǿֶʹ˳
ĴԲ֣ǻҵȺ
ǹ
һԪӤĸ־ŭӣų˹ȥ
Բ󺣰ͷϷӿҲȥԲǷᱻȥ
ֱĴ򷨳׽˴ҵãͲ֪ʲôʱᵽֲʱҪԼ߾ĳ֣ǹǿȺȫ
òԲ壬òԲ
һ˶ԼǿԲչǵ뷨ȷǿܹƽԲôԲܹԴҹ
ҲֻԲķܹ͵Ϯˣ
Բٴչ͵ϮΪҲЧõ˷
һʱ͵Ϯеȴ¶Цݡ
ظԼӣ󵶾Ȼ
ʱˣϷȫչܾҲȫת
ݴķλȥ
ڱþ޴ޱȣȻӰȴôľ޴
ݵȫϢҲ
ڴһûзӦʱ͸оԼϢѾͬĳһϵһ
գ
һ
ĴһԲԼʧɫˡ
ҸоԼȥ
ã
ˣŪôһ󣬼ôƤڵĿˣҪôҼԲӶͳһȥ
ǣջԲʱŷԼѾܵǣ޷ջԲ⡣
ɫһǴ䣬֪ԲƽѾչˡ
뵽Щȥʱÿһ˵жһ
Զ̹
Ǵһһǿ󷨱Ǽ˳ȥ
һʱ֮䣬ޣָĹ

һʱͼݵӾ޴Щֵܹ֧Ĺݿٵİߡ
ڿɢȥֵĻûҲɢȥļʸΪޡ
ô
ȻԲǰ
ԲǴǿֶΣֶȫʱվʧͲ֪ôźˡ
Ļ뵽ڣһĴѨҲע
ֻڴܹõͬõ
ȻÿһϵĻ̫࣬ǣô˾ۼһĻ̫ˡ
ʱͷԼͬڿһĴﵽԲţһЩԼŪ׵ͬҲǴĻ֮
ڸȫԲʱעĻǴﵽٽ硣
֪ؼʱˣԼͽף
һϢ˳ٵİϢ뵽ڡ
ȻǸĻھۼ
ˣ
ʱڹŵɫؿǿС
֮䣬һɾ춯صѹѹ
٣
٣
ٶ٣ŵгһֿ־С


132 
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ǹ¥ӰֵʣĲÿһ˶һС
˭
˭Ҫ̬Ĵٰ
ٰĿͶվʱˣ̬֮˾
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ʵڴ˵һСǣһ΢С٣ֻҪҧȻˮˣСٸͲصĹˣԭʧܵˡ
ܹ˭ӵŶȹٵ
ǣ
ѾûпˣǾĴѾΧÿһܵϢǣҪһȽˣ
ҿ
ƵԿͲһĽƣԪӤ˶Ƚٵˡ
ǽ𵤲٣ԿǼǿĽ𵤽٣
˿һ󣬳Ծ˵
𵤽٣
Ľ𵤽
ǿ棿ֹһļǿɣ
ЩԪӤĸֺγˣƿȥԼӽ𵤵ԪӤȹٻҪⶼʲôˡ
ôƵĻԼԲܵǣڻۣ޷ԼΪ١
ûΪ٣ôʲô֪ˣһ֣
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ԽԽš
ʱҲأͬҲû뵽٣
Цɣ
ھۼţȫԼĽƣ治֪˵ʲôźˡ
һ뷨ǾǾĶʺſռȥ
ǽʱѾȫ뿪ҲѲС
ֻܶˡ
ڵԽԽ࣬ڲͣĳš
ȻϢ룬ǿ˺ѸȻеġ
ܹڲͣķڡӿ
ͻȻעоԼȫܵڷ仯ɢˣȫ;ȫɢˡ
Ȼȫɢˣǣȴ뵽ɢȥС
ȻˣҲֻһָоѡ
ʵ岢ûʧҲûɢֻǱʧˡ
ĻȻӿеĽѾɡ
ˣ
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ÿһ˶ƵС
һĽ£ÿһ鶼һʸǵϡ
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ЩµǣףԼǵĻɣǵҲܹסڵֹϧڸûκεķ֮
ı仯С񵰰СʱЩ𵤵ĸҲо
ȫ޴ܵΨһܹľվ˫Ҳϡ
ʶһУûһԪӤĸҲֻǱĳٵĹ
һȥˣһʱǽٴŨĽ
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һԪӤѾЩ˵ˡ
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뿪
Ľƣ̲סٴδ
úǣһʱÿһ˶˽档
ʱ͸оԼȫ޴ڳѹͬһķǸְĿռ棬ЩְԼȫѹ
ǱǸְļѹøӵ޴ڵļѹҪľԼܹܵĴ
ÿһεĺҪôԼ಻ѹ
ʱҲˣԼڸֵʱҲǱѹ˳ȥµıһ
ⶼʲôٰ
оȫڴһԼһڴ򣬲ͣĴеҲڲͣĴѾýܵڱøӵĽܡ
ԼɢȥȻǴýһأ
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ǿȥʱŲһĽ𵤸ʧˣһصĲ֫Ѫˮ
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ʱ˫ȥĿѾûɱҲ벻Ƚٻ̧ͷʱѾ޷룬֪һεѾ
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֪ԪӤң֪군ˡ
٣
һԪӤǾ֮ϴһ
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ÿһ׶̺ӴĻ֮
ƴ󡢰ƬأеĿ׻޿ײ룬סƬأ޲ĽŴ
׳һδεĺ·һˣһĴ󶴣ŲٵĽ𵤸ֱ׳
رÿһ׻ֱӾ
ʲôٰ
һ۷ĸҲܲסĴڻ˷ɻҡ
֮УͷųĻͣɣ屻ɢ飬޵ѭԼڱԽԽǿ
ҲһδεĴеõ˴
ҽٴδֻһԪӤһĸҲٴȫɢȥǻǸոͷųܵһ׻Ҳɢȥ
ԪӤһ׻֮£ھۼĻȴԽԽࡣ
ʱ
дһĺǵ¾ۼӴĵ֮ˡ
ٴεĲУһĴѨҲɣͬӴ
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ԽԽС𽥵ʧʱվȫȴǳš
ˣ
ǳԣԸоԼõ
ȫȫһƬĸɺԣԭӴĻܹʱɢȫĸ
֪Լ徭εչ֮Ѿõ˴
䣡
һ׻֮ԾؿԼĵһĵۡ
ٸԼһ޴ĵۣ


133 뿪
³ܵжЩôҲû뵽ô֮ôɵľӢɱˡ
Ȼ뿪ˣһսĽȴǴϢ֮³ܾͰһԼûΪС
صѣרΪռϢ¡
ûе˵³óһܴеݸ
һŲûصĵط
³۾һЩ٣ЩһԤУܻо޴ĺô
ʺŵУҵڶ࣬Ȼһ̬ȣ³֪µˡ
һصķ֮³ܸǲ˸󷨣Ŷѣˡ
ͰûŵĿռʺź˳³ܵҴӦȡʺź飬ڿԸˡ
Щˣ³ôҲû뵽ԼŬʾȻô޴ĻرŵҲûʲôˣ
°ɡλɱôˣŴǿռʱõʺŵˣЩʧʱʺž͸˳û˰ʺţʺŷڡ
³Щʺţһµصѣ֪ҪϢ֪һطŲٵϢƾӦܹá
˵ţС˵˴רŷϢĹҲֿ⡣
³ܿ΢ЦУ
˵⻰ȥ
ʧ³ܲ̾һȥʺš
뵽Ҳӵʺʱ³Ǽˣеӡ
һҪܵ׼һЩϢҲ´ԼϢĻиĺô
³˾ģڿʼͰռϢ
֮󣬹ȻԦնУ˴ǵĿ⸮
ȫǵĸֻ϶ȥûѶֱӾͰѿ⸮գȻֵõ˲ٵϢ
Щ飬˴
Ĵ˵Ĵϣʯ˴֮һҫУѾʼ
Ļ뵽ǿ˵ǸɺԵڡ
֮ȫȫõչԭԭ·ǵʹѨǹ̶ģҲֻôһЩȴһȫµı仯ȫѨµ֮һ壬ſռķչܹ̫ˡ
֪˸ߵĲλʲô
һ֮ͣȫʱҲе⣬ոս㣬Ҫܳʱȹ̣ںˣô֮ȹˡ
֪Լڵܺã֮ս̫ˡ
ǴʱȻûб˷ֵɽ壬ʶԶȥ
˲ʶǸǡ
ʶʱɫȥһ䣬͸оǳ⡣
ԦնУԼڵٶ̫ˣת˲֮ǣһȥȴԵúܽŵӣĳжѲ˷֡
ոյʱسǵĽһ۾Ϳӣǳھʹؽ

ݼؽ
͸žϲ֮飬·һĹƵġ
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ؿǽ졣
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ӣ
ؿˡ
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Ͳ̫ˣҶѱ幥ˣЩȴǸһۺУȥˡ
Ҫǵľ룿
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ڵľôˣ
һʱ䣬ǲ̫
ѩģսֻ֮ʣǧбһս֮󣬽ҰǰͶ̫ˣʱ䣬Ǿһɳ˼Χչڽ̫һ·˵ǵľ˲ٵĵطӾҲԽڣؾѾӵ

ףȻˣӵս϶㡣
ɳƽҲЩĵҾͶ˸ʵĶУʵսǿ
ѩӵǵεһԪӤڵϹ
ֵʲôôԪӤߣ
ѩ˵ʼӵһ񵤣ܹ֮ѽ۷ǿԪӤһ㡣
ֵΪǰûпʹã
ѩ񵤾˵Уֻ٣У֮ǷάΪʱҲ֮꣬˻صԭĲΣңӴ֮޷нչ
˵ͷ񵤿ǲĹͷǲʹõģʹߵû֮ˣΣһʧһŵҩ֮⣬Ҳǻһ֮ˡ
˵ˣ۷пͻƽԪӤģȻͻƵȻԶȷҩͻҪЩ
ӵΪôһ䡣
ɳƽ̾һ˵ĻؾӵľУؾǻˣ
ѩȴڵĸӶһûһſ뷨̽ϢӶŹᡣ
Ͱ̾һ뷨ֻҪĲǾͶҲУȨƣǿòأֵѩǵĻ֮ףҪǿЩ˿϶ˡ
ؾЩǶĿͶϣ֪ؾ˾һ仰ˡ
ӵʹǰ̨˵ؾûκεֻܿӵĴϣؾʿϳʧܸա
Ŷ
Ϳ˵˵ս֪ģȥҲˡ
Ѱ󣡡
ԪӤ̨ҾûԪӤǿߣ¶Ҿʿ󣡡
һ˵ؾϣڣܻˣ
˵仰ʱЩؾĽǶһͬʱҲһּ֮飬֪Ҫˡ
ҵ׷潫ؾ۹


134 ǿ
ˣ
һЩ˼һרŰŸǵķ棬ŵľǸԪӤһĸ֡
΢֡롢˵ʱ̬гһŮζ׼ֻʹȱˡ
ʹͻȻ֣ڿᣬ˴ϢܲͬؾҾ
ߣʵһУǻľӣʮֻ
֮󣬴ӽ۷嵽ԪӤҲòƳһǿƣ棬ΣҲǰһ;
ɳȥ̨ϽһսҪ׻ؾģҪţǻ𣿾Ƿԣ̨ܹǽǣ
ƵȫһϢ˵ʱŨŨɱɢ
ʹ˼ǻ
̨ۣؾľǺãֻҪؾؽɢȥʱҾȡǾͳ˿ܡ
ؾΪһŻôǿؾʧȥĹǣؾҲˡ
ʹ
ƹЦȻָӾһףҲսܹﵽԪӤ㣬ս벻սǴؾʿˣ
̨ϵĹ涨ˣֻҪʹ÷ûֶΣǻͱ˿ܡ
ҪؾǰǵףֻͶһ߲ȷģ
ܿ죬ǾʹһϢӵʹս˵̨ʶһսʧܣؾ͵òӾӣҲӺȻʤˣӾӽؾѺѣ塣
ϢٶȫɢҲؾ߲
ʹؾ޸ְ
ڴҴҽҵһ˵ŭ˵
ʱĲĽҲ˹ɳƽҲŭıؾеţǧ򲻿ɴӦ
Ҷ֪սǿǣҪ̨ϹƽĻһԪӤ֣ܹ
ûжٸԪӤ֣ڳһԪӤһĸ֣ڴ˵Ǵɽѹ
Ů¬ԪӤ֮䲻ǲһ⣬սز𣬽ϵǻ߽ʿǣ֮ս
˵ȴǿóԼһսȻҲ⣬ǣովۼؾʿ֮Ŀܾͽɢȥ
ӵʹؾԼƵ˲òսĵزˡ
˵ʹһս
ɢǿơ

ؾЩǴ󾪵ؿ
ֳ֮飬ڵҪһǿߵĳ֣ǲ壬Ǻãˣ
ѩ˫۷Ź⣬Ϳмʤ㣿
Ȼ֪ǰ;ѣȻֳһֱǰƣƶһŮ˵ѩоԼӰ
ҲǴʵĻ˶ʲôΪ˵ΪͰɣÿһδ򶷶ѸΪ˸ɵˣսǾ֤ŻԪӤֵֶΣǺεȵľֶΰ
ȥʱҿĽֻǱֳΪ
Բ룬ʧٵĹУΪѴˣǣһôܻԪӤأ
ѩ뵽ľܹܽ𵤸ֵֶΡ
ҲؽļֶҲ˵
ԪӤڴˣ
һ£ɳƽ˴ӵҪֻ̨ʹ÷ͷ֮Ķ
˵⻰ʱҵĿⶼͶϣҶףǿľǷĹ÷սͼһ룬ʵͺܴ涨ܴӮ
üͷһüѾˣӵбĿľһԼʼʱȻ֪ԼûڣǣĹ򣬾ǵԼͻȻ֣ȻƤй
÷Ѵ˳ȥӵ˺Ծķģû˷ǵϣ͸ˡѩС˵
ؾǶףǿֶξǷĹʧȥ˷ϣܾ͸ˡ
΢΢һЦ˭˵Ҫ÷ܹȡʤҾҪӵ˿Ҳȡʤ˵ˣ֪ͨӵ˰ɣ˵ձؽ׼ʱ
ôģؾĽ鸴ӵ˳ȥ
Ѿһ˵ˣǹϵؾδǣȻ˾ܹҲǷ
ȥѩСĵҪ׼ǡ
ЦЦİɡ
סҰźˣ
ѩ欵ǰߣ¶Цݣ͸ǰȥ
ŵʱ򣬿ǰõѩʱǽ֮һֱûжľԳʱȴٴ˶
ûüֹʱԳɢһɺǿϢͿǰѩϢں
һںϣжʱһͷԼȻһõԼһ
⣡
ԾˣϢĽ֮Уȫûװ·ӣȫ뵽һ־Ľڡ
ѩʱߵҲһ٣Ȼ߶ţȴǷԼͷӰ
ղһǰѩоǰûвսʤѹء
ղо˸оʱȴһּǿҵĸоǾԼгҲ޷ˡ
ѩԸеɬԼȻһֻ룬ӣʱȻͶ뵽ĻУ顣
ѩû뵽飬ֶصĸоõ˵
תʱѩ˼
ûʲô쳣Լôˣ
ѩһ죬оԼ˼ˡ
ʱʱѩϳһ˵ζԼĿеˣ
ôˣ
ѩתЩװˣæһ䡣
ҲףԼϷȷħܹŮһֻħ֪ôźá
ոյһʱ䣬һˬ˹ĸоŮȻһ־Ľڣʵ֪ǾŮȫһѩʵ
ʻѩȴһԼ뷨æźûʲôûʲô
װ֪Ŷ
˾ţڵľԳʱȴǸӻԾѩϢȫںһ˫֮䱼ӿ
Ƿ֣ԼĵֶһѩСˣһ
⵽ʲô
Щˡ


135 ۶
ŲݣҲĿǰؾóڲʱ̨սؾʿؾĶܵ˳صĴڴҵĿѾӴսʤͽƵĹЩ뷨ؾķչؽ̫
첻ܹˣ
Ѿ˾ҲҪе˿Լǿ
ѾףЩӸͲĴ߳ȥֻǿԼҲֻԼȻǷпܴ߳ҲٰϣǵϣԼˣӦΪս˵⣬Լϣ
ӵʱֳȴһǿվսҫɱ죬һۿȥǴľǾս޲ʤǿơ
ȴףһжǱĶս޲ʤͲﱻ򣬵Щ˲ΪһֶѣҲӵľӸûжս
룬Ӽ£ؾһҪԭܻؾһؾҪһ֧
Ͼؾڵʢӵؾʹһ֧ǿ
ӵƺ
˹֮󣬲Ƶɫһĸղŵ⣬ȫƸǣվߵ̨Уʹһսһս
ĻﴫϵҲڽڽ
ԪӤһƶǵ˵̫ǿˡ
ŲƵ˾͸ܵһǿɱ
ƽգʱһصѹƶ
ǿĲƣ
µǣ̫ս˶ܵ˲ɢǿ
Ȼǰ
ɳƽԾؿƣϴȥƴһΣȻˣȴǲûиоôŷԼڲƵǰĲ
һЩؾĽ̨ܵ˲ɢǿ֮󣬴ҵĶ˹ȵˡ
вòϣ̫ǿˡ
˵ӵлż񵤣Դüĸ֣Ҫֻ࣬Ҫˣؾˡ
ƵΪһĴؾʿʿֳƣҶĽһʧˡ
ô
ܹܲƵ飬ؾĽʿ˸ĵġ
ֳǿٿʿֱ۵ı飬һŭȼգ̫ʰΪؾˡ
Ҳվߵ̨ĵͬһս
֮ĶԱȾԵ̫ǿˣɢǿϢǣȴûκεϢ֡
ȥƴ㲻ҵĶ֣ȡϢһս
˵úܴ󣬴е˶
ĻĿĲǽһĴģһؾΣֻҪսˣôؾеűؽһǧɡ
ЦЦ˭˵Ҿʹ򲻹㣿ǩԼɣ
Ȼͬһսʱֿ˿ŴãǩԼ
˻һ䣬ͼ˶ǰһ̧һѪˮ˿С
Ѫˮļִ˼־ѪˮڵһȻ󣬿оͼѪһԼԼȥ
ۿǶףǵԼһ֣ǩֵԼ֮һԼĳͷͻᵽ˫˲أͬҲĳͷ
˵ЩǩԼ֮󣬾һսһս

˳̾һ
ҵף׶༪ˡ
ؾʿʱŵýضסڿϣϿһߵϣ
ѩ˫ȭĶ˺ˮϣԼܹһսǣףԼͲǲƵĶ֡
ɳƽһŶڵϣԼ޷ΪǼȵʹģΪؾһս
ǩԼ֮󣬲һĸղŵαףؽԵĻڿ˵ˣҵš
ȫˡ
ʱڳǵǿ˹ȥ̫˵ĵġ
ٿؾĽʿʱǿǱʹı顣
ҵӣе˴𣿡
ͻȻѯ˲⣬˾Ϳ˭Ҳûд𻰡
ôͻȻʳһ仰ˣ
̫˰ĿⶼͶϣ˵ǰģǣڿ˲Ƶǿ󣬴Ҷɢʧˡ
𣿡
ٴһ䡣
ʱѩһ񣬾뵽ȡʤ飬Ⱦʹţ
һЩʿҲţ
𣿡
ִʵ
ţ
ţ
ؾʿ˽
ܹʤ𣿡
Σ̫Ǹμӹսģʱϣ
ٴߣǿʶ˲ǵӿ
ʶǼ˳ʶȫѹǲһֱӪơ
ܵɢľƣٿվɽʧͻȻ䱬
ţ
εղŸܵӰ죬˲˽
뵽飬뵽ȡõʤ⼸챻ѹȥٴθ
ڴΣ֮ʣ幥ɱʬˣؾĴָҪΪһƬأؾǲ
ʶڽȫϢҲڷſ
Ŀо׺սƮеڷ죬ʱٿʱҿľͬ˰ǿ
𣿡
ٴδһ
ţ
˵ĶƼ˶־뵽˵Ļ뵽ĴĶ־Ҳڽڽڵ

ؾĽǳԾؿ
е˶ˣɢ̫ǿˣǿһۿȥҵжͳһŷС
ѵвսʤ飿
ɢȥǱĥ˵ʿš
һЩսͬԾؿϱֳǿҲˡ
ؾӴ֮һĿ꣬ǾǸϳߣؾĲ˵ԸȥʵĿ𣿡
󣬷·ž޴ħһ㣬˵ǶһǾֻҪһܹȡʤһܹʵ˵Ŀꡣ
Ը⣡
θ˲˽ϣҿϣ
ͷϿⱻս죬ҵˣδ·ֳϣ
ҪĻϱֳǿȫѹס˲ԪӤĸ֡


136 
̨ڳ⣬˵̨ӣʵһƬط˫ľ͵̫ǵˣҶؽҪһвƵԪӤһֶս뿴ʲô
Դʤࡢʤǿһս֮˵ǳ𣬴Ҷ֪ӵ˱һսҶ֪ջʲôĽ
֣Դսк뷨
һЩС
ؽȻǿ˵ǿһַĹ⣬ǿָӴսЩ
ɲǣӵ̫۸ˣһԪӤؽ򣡡
ϵܰξ˵ӵʮоӣսƣǣӶһƬӵļƻؽǵķչΣҲҪģ
ؽΣˣ

۵ԽԽ࣬ҶףβòսȴַǳΣա
ؾȻӮһ̣ȴףսƣ£ؾԵ࣬Ȼ۵ܹһԪӤֵȡʤĻ̫ˡ
쿴ǵˣ
һȥֻǰȵһӽ𵤼ĸ֣ǽ۷ˣٺ޺Ĳ
ûԦգҲû÷ô
Щ˵ʱֻǵ˲ʱǹâ䣬еսȻһһǿɱŹۿǶ
еɱۣ
ǿɱǵضΪ͵˵ͱѹõڵأȫܵѹ֮վ塣
Ųڵϴ𶯸ľڲ
ЩǱֳǿʣйս˶һֲսʤĸо
ǿ
һ֧սʤľӣ
ЩµǵоһĵǸУܹ
ƿսЩǵ¶Ц⣬ҪľĽҪֳӾӲսʤơ
ʱԶͼһӾҲȥˣÿһͬҲ˸߰ʿ
ǣôǵǶеĵģǵЩȻҲн𵤸֣ǣϵƲûӵЩǿ
һ¾ˣӵľкľһԪӤһĸ֣ĸִڣǾǶ룬ʹһ޷սʤ
ϧؾûԪӤְ
ٿϴЦݣԵúǵʱҲӵΪ
ϧˣ
ҶֻΪе̾Ϣ
Ӵ˵еȷǿǣǿҲԽ˶ѣӵ˿ԪӤ˰
ˣ˭εĲ֮ܶԷΨʹô˵ķˣ
ؽã
Ʊֵú⣬ֻǶŵ˱ȭûйһ¡
ʹã
Ҳֵú⣬߹ȥڴؾλ
ؽվ̨ս
۾ȷԵһ䡣
ʹϣ𣿡
Բμӵġ
ؾûоս飡
֪ԷڶԻԼţ˵ʱͳһսĶ־
ãս֮ˣȻؽ̨֪ϵĹˣ
֪ʹٽһ飡
ԵȻôĵȻ
ʱԽԽ˵Ҷ뿴ǷȻܹȡʤ
ǵĿоܵĴڣǣʱˣΪĲ̫ˡ
Դ֮ǰڣܹԪӤԽԽ٣Ȼʱ񵤴߶ԪӤˣǣҲΪսµĳԽòҲ̫˲ţȴһԪӤĸͬȥ˴򶷣ǵĵҲԵ÷ǳ
Ǿһ°ɣ
ƶһ۷ĸֵ˵ͷʱǽ𵤸վ̨ǰŹۿǴٴ̨Ĺ򣬴̨Ϊսڱʱʹ÷󷨵ֶΣƴľΪ
̨ʱҵĿⶼͶֵõȻϣһֹ򣬿ʼʱҲû⣬Ϊβһִ򶷵ĹѣֵٴʱҲ׹ӵĿģ޸ľΪ˽һս
֮ս
ʹ÷󷨣
ȫ趨ģĹ涨ʲôһս
ʱ̫
̫ˣǰؽֽˣƽ
ѹʱķʽҪѹؾͶǣ̫Ҫˣ
ҪΣʮԪӤĸ֣ʲôһս
ˣ
壬ȴǿؽҵʧܰ
ʹĵӣ
ƾ͹һЦ署ʵ
֪ӵʮҪؾսĻ˻ж٣ڶĻĻǷ̵
Ȼ΢Цһ䡣
⻰һ˵ǵıһʧˣ˫۶ס
˵Ļǵ֮ǰЩĻǵĵ飬ؾƺǣؾʤࡢʤǿһսĵľؾսĻؾıֳǿսôӵľӾʤ˵ĻҲؽʧء
ӵľһЩӵľǷ飬ƾͻᷢı䣬ʱӼĶԿͽܵӰ졣
ԣɲƵһĿľȻúƽķʽؾһϵ
ưһ̨ϵĻؾĽʿѾӾǿʶۿؾʿصؾˣܹѹǰ鶼׷ˡ
˱
ƽһ¶˾ģҲҪɵֻҪɵؾʧȥĹǣʱؾؽΪһɢɳӵľȡʤű˿ܡ
ⳡЭɣ
ƶǽ𵤸˵һ䡣
ʹͬԶ̨˫Լ̨֮ǩԼۣ˫Աº󲻵ǵ£ڶʹ֮ŵʧܣӾؾѺѹϵʧܣؾӾӣ
֮һӾ
˶ˣһؾĴ¡
׵˰̾һ֪ؾ̫ˣòܹӵľһսһֱΪؾȡһЩʱ䡣
Ҳ⣬ؾӵľһսעǰܾ֣ȻˣӵľӾǻؾҲؽܴӲԸһսͬҲԸһսˣ˫ֻǲķʽıӦ˫ŵ
ǲ֪һս֮һʲôĽˡ


137 ɱ
ܵԽԽǿƣƵɫǴ䣬ԣѾѿ챻Լѹʧؾ

ƴ˴εĿľؾʿӶؾ̲ǣڷ飬̲ؾЩˡ
УҲҪɵ
뵽Ƴһȭؽȱ˵ôõģǰ̨ս˵㿴ô
Եúͣѯʵӣǣ׵˶֪ղȻ¼˾Ķ־⶷־ǽڶ֮ϵģȻˣ⶷־˲ٴεʧȥǵľӳصĴǷǳһС
Ǹ׳н֮ߣ˵Ļܻǻɱˡ
ƵȻ󣬵ǣȫʶÿһǾĶ߷·Ų˵Ƶģ÷ǳ
˲Ƶ˵˵ôãؼʵǷôǿһؼƶ򲻹˵ĻǷϻͲκεá

ĳһӾҵĿͶ˵ϡ
һ˶ʵ֮С
Ҳò˼Ϊʵ⣬ʤһԪӤؾܹùʮҵӾ
¶Ц⣬ȴǰԼٴβߣԪӤǿߵĴɨ
ӿϢǵͷϷϢռܱɽѵ⾳
ＤԼƣһۿȥǲ֪ʲôʱһɫսס
ǽɫս׼ȫ䣬Ƹʢ
ԪӤڵΪŷսƱֳȫһ޷սܵǿ
ٿһϲûκεսףرֻΪʱУղŴһĳȣʱȴٴȻ
˵ٺҲûð
ոٴһﱡ
ûڲƵֶ֪СӵҲһ򵥵ķʽٴ߽Ķ־
ǺãһºˣҪʲôı飡
վ˶ơ
Ȼ뵽ڣǣûһԪӤӲԣΪؾΪԼ룬ҲԴⳡս
ȫƴĵڼ
Щ֮ȻԼеȫȻʼ
ޱ
һը쳹գƴɽ󺣰ܹĵȥ

Ҳˣ֮Уִһ֣ÿһâ䣬ɱڡ
վ޾ִ졣
ŪĴ죬ٿվɽƴѹȥʿٴμ
䣡
ɽĺȻ
Ӫþ̫ˣҾ֮
ȫŪʲôֶΣһ֣ǧڵľʱɫٴһ䡣

˶Ƕ£̨վţŰѶԷѹ£һʱˣԼѹ̫ˡ
Ȼ޷ѹ¶ԷƣǾֻһսˣ
ȫ˻ƿʼսǰĵϢ
ڲѾСˣ֪϶ֶΣԣԼϢ۷״̬ȻʹɱؾǿҲɢȥ
ȴǲûջԼƣվͲԼãԴӽ뵽֮󣬵еƵģһѨ֧е
ʱе˶˵ı仯ղŲƻ죬ڷˣɢɱرǿʱؾĽʿжȻġ
ʤ
ʤ
ؾʿǴ
ʱǲȫϢϾĿͶϵؽǿԿʼ˰ɣ
ƴѹǲˣҪľʱܻǻɱ
ս
ٶԣԷȻô飬ҲˣѶԷɱֻģֻܹס̲ؾӣҪô֪ؾô̲ġ
һѴ˳ƴûô֪һ֮ˣֻĶԴܹܶԷ
УǵâóƵȫ˲ٴε
ƵɫȻ˵ɱ
Ĵ󵶵̧
쵶
ڷۿɼ࣬ܲ¡¡ҴܣƬԲգɧҲӣƷ·ʲô˺һ㣬ըѳɫ⣬˲䣬еǿɱŴ󵶻۶
ԪӤǿߵ
ܹص
ƱֳǿƣҵĶ֪ڶ˵һؿڡ
Բҫ
ǽ֮ԲԼڴһС
ԲǣֶζһߣǾԵ÷ǳǿ
ĺͼܲʧ֮Уһž޴Ĺҫ޾ĺڰ
ôĺڰһɢȥǿײĦ
ɱ
һֳǿһѻһɫ߳նɱȥ
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ʶ߶ţƱƴǿˣ˫ȭӶ۵ȭͷͺȥ
úã
ٴδ֮Ҳ뿴ԼӵŶôǿŲƲܵľͳȥ
˶ǿĹʽȫûκεܡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
εĺ˲ɣ˵˫ȭֱӾͺڶԷȭͷ֮ϡ
䣬âɣȫһ㷭ŵ
ҽϴһվýǶɵ

ûиܵԼκ⣬Ĵ֪࣬ϣԷͲԼĶ֣չ˲ǵ˲Ƶǰȭٴĺ
磡
Ƹû뵽ҲôǿᣬոһĴζУ඼ܵ𵴣һѪˮʱֵˣɽ͵ȭٴδֳ֮飬ҲˣֻܻȭӲƴ
ȭͷϳ˱ڲϢεĴҡ
䣡
һȭǴ˲Ƶȭ
䣡
һȭؿǱһ󶴡
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ѩһִԣ֪Ƿʵ˵Ͻĸһּ⣬壡
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ǵǰȥģ˲ŵĶȥӫڤǵ˲ԽԽ
ӫڤǵ˲ҲܹӦòȱ˲Űɣ
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140 꽫
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141 Ͼ
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Ľȫǵ۹ƽӾڽڰˣƬ֣֮˱ɱūۣչȥǵ۹ˡ
жϣӾܷ񶥵ס

̾һ֪ΪԼ棬ľסԼǿ̾ˣΪǲͣ壬ϣǵõ֧֣壬ˣ
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Ҳܹף尵ʱҲ̫ˣڿϣҶһٹǹȻԴɳʮҲǱȻġ
ԣԼ˺ˮ·ϣˮһ棬ĿܻǻӵľӣӶ̡
ڳ˼ʵˮսĿӦҲģȡؾȻؾĺˮϧǽճǵļƻ뿪ˮȻؾϣȻܹϣ飬ûбԭڣ
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142 
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ǵ˸ԼҲ׼һµʱˣ


143 󷨵
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뵽ԼƤƤڷص󷨲֮ټĻǷǷˣ
ڿķʽ֮ɱʱԭǵܹƵ


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144 ս
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Ҳ뵽δˣÿһ˵жޱȡ


145 
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ˮ˶ǧ

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ףԼһؼһǵһֵķˮҹס⾪춯ذǿ󹥻ľˡ

һ
ʱдչ
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146 ǿ
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ʱһµľһֹһֵĹסǾһж군ˣһֵĹסˡ
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ֻҪסˣ̾Щϣˣ
Ѵһ

֪ˮ϶ҪչǿĹƤ϶࣬һз
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ӵҲȥԪӤҲƴɱ


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ΧԽԽ࣬˶ѯƷ۵顣
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167 ʮӤ
ո߳䣬ͿҪǴоʲô顣

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ӵľ֮ٻӾˮľһսֻҪսȡʤĹ䵽ԼС


168 սӤ
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169 Դ
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172 Ұ·
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֪Լ롣
磬һȫʵʺſռתΪ˵ԣ㲻ܹʶռ䣬ʺſռתΪԿƣĸΪ䣬ڿʼһΪʵΪǳȥ
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һεĵصᱻΪԭʼ꣬Ժûһصĵطá
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ЩѪÿȥʱŷôʱûȥΪ׵ʮֻѪڶѴﵽ˶ףǵڶٵѪþȻҲﵽһףвٵѪøո
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ٸһеĿʱҲرĴһ紵ЩһҰݶҡβѡ

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׸ߵĲݴԣǺ޲ûԭͷߴ󣬵ǣǿеһȴǼ֮

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УѪüȻϲǵѪǵѪˮѪõҲ


173 Ѫý
ĴѪöм˻ȻЩѪȥŵɢʧŵֻ޵ѪˮǰѽָеѪȫ˳ȥ
Ҳżģޱ۴ʲô濴ǿѪˮ̺϶ҲǿѪñԼҲúܣʱһҲ
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վҰݴУһصѪˮֻܵȴѪõɡ
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￴ŵʱֻѪҪȽˣЩѪöҪ뵽ڡ
ЦһֻðǸʳѪ֮̽ڵѪָȻ
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176 ͻȻĹ
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ʱԼʶ죬Ƥ󷨵֮£һĺǿɱ֮


177 ׷ɱǿ
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УǿٽǶѨȻ󷨲˼㣬ֲ˷󷨡
ʱûмȥʰЩ޵ʬ壬Ҫʱ޵ƤƳƤ
ε̫ˣһҲڴ⣬һָоЩԼ˿޳ûܸɵԼʱܿ֡


178 ׼
޵ʬ̫޴ˣֻǰͷ­ϵƤȻͿٵļ
ҪʱƤƳ
һּΪǿҵΣУ֪϶˰ڶסԼһܾһ֡
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һĵǸеģ֪ЩŵĸֵʲôΪֻаѼ޵ƤƳһЩͷ¡ķԼŸౣĿܡ
ҲһʵʵֶΣҪöԷԼʵֻҪԷ޷ԼʵǵʱͻϺһЩܹԼʱƤ
ԲôõĵطŵǸĲȷԣգ
ĵطûиֵܵĴڣֲȫиǿ
ڣ
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Կ÷˼޵Ȼһն˼޵ͷ­Ҷһֲӷĸо
λò˵Сһ˲ţ
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һּ츳ĵƣʱڼֲ֮ٵļޣ
ԷһƤ
ľȴǷӵеӹļͷ֮ϡ
ͱ˵ˣּ˼츳ļԭĵӵ˸ǿĹɱҲǳƬ
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μ˼޵ֱ̬ķ֮ȫµĶܷķ޷Ĳ㼶
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ͬȫµĶˣεĶڹʱͻӵмʸĹ
ˣ
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뷨УԷӦúܿ쵽ǣôʱҲûг֣¾͸ˡ
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ǳɶѵƤҲļ滹̫ƤԼȥĻᱻһЩ޳Ե
һıܣԼһԲɢȥ󷨴ɽ˳ȥ


179 ׹
Ĵ˫۷ضȥޣȻвֻʣ°صӣǣЩƤȥõĶ
ǽָռǳ󣬵Ҳװ¡
ΣͣȡЩʬ塣
ȻָװƷֻҪ֮ǣ޴Ļԭ֮ϣµ̫ˣҲǻһЩŰЩʬ뵽˽ָС
ӺˣѪõʳû⣬ԼƤҲԴĲٵ޹ƻܹۣҲЩǮ
һֱĵľѪõķֳǿɵļ죬ȥǺιϣôѪ⣬ιʳûˡ
֪ѪҲ˷ֳٵ˵Ѫõķֳʵһǳѵ顣
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վڸп֮ʱһĿͶǰ
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ͬһѾ֡
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󣡡
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һԶԶ뿪


180 
׶ľŽ׵ĺ֮£ԪӤֱⱶĽǺɾ
Ҳû뵽һֽ޵ŵòͣջǱûʣ¡
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Ψһźľ޷⼸˵Ŀ֪ʲô顣
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мοзݣǿޣòֵֶξչŸɵԷ
սһ·֮Ǵﵽ˴ɣΪҲźܴһ·ս֮£Լս˺ܴ
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ԪӤֿ˿ɡ
ĳǳأ
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𾪵ı飬ǴԪӤֵ磬ͬڷףһһͲΪӵн𵤼Ϊ
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ٴο˿˵Ҳģʵǰ;ǾԶöˡ
˻ν⣿
ȷܲ˵ҲܳڵˣһҲǧӣǣһƵģǾ̫֮һҲͽԪӤ
Ϳˡ
½絽ʱǷǳģĽ㰡
ϯУҲ˽⵽һЩѹֶ½絽˻ôӡ


181 
סڴ˴ϲ֮ٶаš
ָһ䷿䣬ס£ԪӤȥ
Ĵʱȫһӵڶ෿ĵط
ķ䶼ԵúǾҲֵͰķݡ
Ĵ˶һЩ𵤼ϵ
䷿䲢̫Ҳ㹻һ˴ϢҲһӵһЩ󷨵ķ䣬һϢҲԵúŨ
磬̫Ĳ²⣬̫ĺ棬ԼڵҲӦõ˽һǡ
һ£Ժȥ
ԺſʱһԪӤ
Ҫȥ
ԪӤֿ˿
뵽ʲôҪûУ
ûʲôҪȥɣ⴫ϣºý㡣
ҲûԼж
ȥһҪ뷨ǿЩǷԼɣڿû
ʱҲٷһЩ
ĴԪӤĸ֣⿴ŵĶһԪӤֵʱˣԼΪǲ
֮ϣȻһֽ뵽˵ĸоһȫǵϵҶԵƽûκεɱ֮·һܺƽĵط
ƾʲôײҵķ
ţͿǰȻ
ֵĵط
ͷ˾Ŵ
䣡
˶ǽڵˣ֮ĴǴâ䡣
ǣٿΧ۵ʱЩˣԵúǵȻ˵Ĵ򶷣һļԼķ֮󣬿û𾢡
Щ򶷵ǵʱȴǱǷһͻ⿪ȥ
ٿ˵ķЩϵȴܹԦշеĶ
䣡
˵ͺ·ߵһΧ棬ȴΧɢһâ֮ǹǻȥ
һΧƷ
ⷢҲһЩµʶطҲһᣬֻһǿѡ
ҲˣĵطıҲһûЩƷ
˵ϵ˴׶Ĵ򶷣ﲻǳ˼Ĵ򶷶ѡ
ܿ죬һװ˵Ǵ򶷵˴ˡ
ۿȥ
Ĵٴαƽ
磡
磡
ͻȻһּȵʧУԼеȫͬôôǵ
Сѿˣ
ʱһͷͿϴɻ֮顣
ȥʱͷͷȻӵԪӤڵΪ
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ǰҴӫڤǶ
ҲˣͷȫǸԼòͬ֡
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ҲЩˣͷԵһطȫ֪ﾹȻһˡ
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Ǹղſײַ
ǷлףƽʱսʱԱ仯ɻ׽й
ڿ֪ͷ
ҽ֪ǰգ
ܣܾܳ࣬ˡ
׵Ҳܿ죬˲ǵܵļ
һСԺȥǮ˵ӡ
ĴʱܵǶ⹤Ҷһ

׵òᣬ磬Զ˹ʡ
ǰôоﲢе簡
Ϊʲôӣ
һֱеֲʳ˼̻ڵĵط
Цһܵʵ֪Ǵģڷ׽翴ȷǿҲ˵ģ𵤵ˣϣǾǷǳǿĴڣǣأ㿴ģҲһ˶ѡ
ô絽ʲôһطǰ˵
Ҿ֪ҪЩ飬Ѿкö˲֪ˣϸϸĸ˵һ£ʵҪ֮ж硢ͷ׵Ļ־һΪǸһ֮ϣ
һЩ²⣬˵Ҹо֮ʵϢĸߵŻ֡
һܵ׵ĳƣǾͽɣڵһģĵĵطӵелǸط˳֮ǿռˣ
𾪲ᣬԾڵ㼶ʲôһ£
֮ܵؾͲ˵ˣûʲô֣˵һɣ˰ɣ
΢΢ͷĻ֡
ЦЦΪͷǳˣȴ֪ǴҲһֵ͵ȵĲ㼶ѣƿʵǿռˡ
ʱ˵ЩĸоĿУǴڵ˾ѾǷǳû뵽ڲһ׵
ǰϸ˵
㲻ҲҪģһӷ׵ˣһ˲õ飬ϣܹߵøԶҪֻ֪з׶˲ųǿռĿܣ
Ҳ˵ˣ
̫ļѣҴﵽԪӤ˿ǧʱ䣡
ǧ꣡
һڣֻҪû⣬һǧûģھ͸ˣܻǧ꣬ԪӤܵǧ꣬ÿһ㼶һǧ꣬𿴻ôһдССĽ࣬һעͻᱻ׽ٻɱܵڵ˲࣬˴ʱһؾǵ٣ִٸ֮˵һɱ٣ϾûʲôܹȵùٵģȻˣܹȹǾͳǿռĴڣǲһס
ǿռʲô
˵ɣһһ֮ҲŴССսֵĲͬ˹ǵ棬Ǿһǿռǿʵûиֵ׽٣ΨһľԷսʱս
̫Զˣ
оԼھǿռ̫Զ
Ҳ֪ô࣬Ҳǿռ̫ס
΢΢ͷϵ˵ס硢ĻӦþԻĶٶֵİɣ
ص˵ͷܵȫǻ籾ԴЩںľǱԴȻڳʱͳǿռǿߣһЩ͵ˣĻһЩ֮ΪͳǿռӵĵطȥˣĻ٣֮ΪǷףûл֮Ϊ
ԭĻ֣
뵽ԼϷȻֱɻʱףԼֹܾǿռǿĹ


182 
ܳҲһ̸ˣ֮Խ̸ԽͶò׼һǵˣ˵ˡ
ǰҿԵúǰȫҿʲôԴôã
Ϊ˸뷨
˵ͳˣʲôǻĹ֪
Եͷֻ֪֪֮һֲ
תתΪӦתΪԴĻ֮ɣ
˵öҲԣ滹һЩģʵκεĹĵǰǻ壬ӶԼ仯ɵĿռչԸǿǣĲͬ˰ٶҲǲͬġ
һȫµ֪ú棬Լ뷨һЩչС
ܳʲôһý飬л׺ԺԽõˣԽܹȡãԣǲŻ١
ԭһֱûŪ
еҪԡ
ǰܹؼеȴһ⣬Ǿе˳֮ʱͲУȱôһЩܹﵽԲԣȻСõĻ࣬ǣǵٶȷ죬Ϊʲô뷽跨ҲҪ׵һԭڣĴ߶ϲתһΣ׽Բ
˵ľһЩ·飿
ˣǷ֮˶ܹзȥЩֶ֮˵һֳƺɣʵڵ磬֪ˣʲôһЩ߶ѣֻǵֶθһЩ
΢΢ͷϿĻȷһ֮һЩȥˣܹ˶Ȼʱ϶ˣʵߵһЩֶΣһЩҩܹһЩ߾ȻأҲһô顣
Ǵܳﳤ˼ʶˣ
ܳЩʱȴԽԽ֪࣬ʼʱʲôˡ
ЩҲ֪飬ɴ˳⻰ȥ
ܳղ˵⣬е⣬ʼʱչܿ죬ǲӵŻĵطȻڣȻͿˣǣҵԪӤʱٶȾͻĽͣͣͲǰˡǴ½絽ˣǱǾһ϶Ǻģǵ֮ٶȾ̫ˡ
˵Ϳһ֮ܳ˫۾Щ͵ȫ
˵⻰ʱܳ඼Щˡ
ǰô֪
ҲˣԼȫ²ûܹͷôġ
ܳʱһ󷨲֮󣬶СҴһķסˣȫԲܹ˵ȥ
Ϊʲô

̾һ֪ܳʲô
ʵĻͿܳҡҡͷ
ܳҸ˵ɣʵǿռ壡ǵȱд߾ǿսʿˣԣһֱǷǳǿ壡
ǿսʿ
ܳҡҡֵҲ˵Ҳ˵ҲԺ֪ǿˣ֮ǰһ⣬ͻȻһЩǿ߿ʼдѹǰնˣ
նˣ
һȫµϢܳࡣ
ܳ̾һǻͨǿǶӵһֱͨͨǵǣҲһȨɣĹܵϲŻ˲žۼԴԴǿǿߣǣǰնϣ˱仯ǱȥһǼûлӦѾϡ٣Ϊĳ֣һ֮أԽԽϡ١
ԭ˹˰ĳ˴¡
̾һܳӫڤҲͬĴǿ߱ӫڤǵ磬Ȼǽ뵽ǰߣ֪ڶ֮£û䣡
Ĳǲ㼶ҲŴˣ
˰巢ôΣյ顣
˵ĵطв飿ҲôأһĹģصΥµͬҲܵͷ
˼˵߲׳֣
һǴҲˣԼûκεķ
֮ܳ̾£ôܱˣóԶһЩ͵غԼĬĬķչҪ֪ӵô
˵䣬ܳʹһķ
סˣܳԵһ£¶һˡ
ҲͬܳĻʱ͵һЩ
ѧ˷ܳ΢΢ͷ׷洫ģģܹȫķ
лǰ
˰֣ܳ㲻лңİ
ӦҲо޵Σ֣ǰõġ
вŬǣҪ֪ǿ߳ΪǿռսʿҪˣ½絽˲࣬˵ǾһҶε˲ţɵʲôյȥˣԼһҪעˡ
ǰղ˵Ϊķʽ˵ôģ
˵ɣһ˿ǵҩ֮Ķǣһ˷֮ϣҩЧѾˣԣΪ·Ѿı䡣
һ뻹һҩҩϾ޵ģȻҪȡֱܾӻûá
ҩĹЧʵǵԼ壬ӾɵĲ⻹ǻֻȡʽһ־ǹת֮õһ־һ׺
Ŷ
ི֪ܳԼܻкܴãþͷǳ
ǰ⣬׺ô
ʵ˹ؼˣΪʲô˶ĿľȻ׽ʵֻҪΥ£ǾǷϴһΪȻȻģܹû׺ͣӶ˻㼯ȥ
Щã
һʱҲЩ⡣
ʱ޷⣬ܳЦЦһ˲õķʽȥһЩΪ飬ֻҪģõ˴˵ӵܹǿ룬ԣڴ඼ߵ·ӣҲҲ·㻹һ·ӣǾΪԼս
˵ܳ˫۷Źھһᣬû䣬ܹһ߳ȥܹնϵϣһĺ£֮ӿȥĻ׺ͻǿ
Զ飡
̾һԼڻȰԼ˵
ܳҲŪһЩ飬֪ĳ⣬磬ܹﵽԼ˲࣬һжÿԼˡ


183 ʱ
ܳ˺һҲǶ֪˲١
û뵽һط
ܳʵ׽ΪǷչ÷ǳˣ翴ǲֻ֪һЩƤëʲôԶףǿ϶ģ
ҲȷΪǿƼ˵˦׼֣뵽С˵адԭʼƵĵطʱڻعͷҲúЦô̵ʱͷչôߵĿƼˮƽ˼緢չ޾£ôԸǿˣôܷչ
֪ڹôģ
ɣֳ˼ȦһȦǺڶȦ磬Ȧ磬ȦǷ׽磬ȻˣҪļȦϸһЩͬĲΣÿһȦһΧȦ֮ҲԼĹҡ
һ˵ҾЩˣ˵ʵͬһ棬ֻԶ⣡
ܳ΢΢ͷʵԽǴΧ֮ս¾ԽƵֻǴҲ֪ѣǿ߶ȥս˵ÿ춼ھŲпս
ܳ˵ǰ·һпս档
ȻǱԵĵط㣬ս
ʳһؼ
ܳԽǱԵĵط֮ײԽԣҲֻһЩǿռսʿܹȥ˽⣬ǿռսʿѴﵽڲĲ㼶
ڲ
ڿڲһָĶٶֳ˲ͬĲ㼶ҵĲ̫ˣе
ԪӤͣ
Щ
˵ܳ˵ǹ⣬ʵԽǵͲĵطԽŲͬĹңһ֮սԭ𣿡
Ҳܹ⣬˵Ȼ᲻ͣĽһЩսΪ˱Լ棬Ҫľӿֳս֮ʿҰֹˣʧȥѪԣʧȥһսԣ֮һЩսҲһ˲ŵ
ܳص˵ͷǾĿǣ֮ʵģֻҪʱ˲սʱҶƴǣûء
΢΢ͷһҲͬĴŸֵˡ
ΪŶֵúãΪҲ
ˡ
ܳʵߵΪһǳĵط֮һǾ֮֮ܶ࣬ͬҲĸʶźܴĹϵ

ܴ΢ЦûзһĲ˶ϲܵȥЩ飬¶һЩ񼣣
뵽ϲϳֵһЩ˵ǵģС˵˹¡
ЦЦܳʵʱ뷲֮ҲһЩֻ̫ͨͨȶѣЩӴƴһܵ˷֮أȻһЩ飬Щ񼣵ĳ֣֮˾ǣģҲͻȡ˲ƿΪıݸһ㣡
ԭ
ôϵ˲أ
ͰԼ뷨˳
̾һܳһĵط֮ǰնҲǰǻǴ·Ͽ֮ǵطһأǵǵ˶Ҫ̫Ļòʧʵ֮ȥ˲٣ֻǺ˵Ƕѡ
мܹصǣ
Ǽӣܳ̾һȲҪ˵ҪĸĴֻ޽һЩҪѴңУΪǣƾԶҲزˣҲûӴĻ֧֣ȥһ˵ĻҲϻȰΪȥɣ
ҿٵĹ·õĿܻǻе˽УӦòҪ̫ĹԱɣ
ЩһЩСߣӦ֪ǿĻеҲ޷࿹ģҪ뷢չؼķչҲϲ뵽УΪǶҲܹڹĹеõһЩ
ͷˣߵһΣյıԵˣ
һдڰķǾ棬ûǿĸٵľͱؽ岻һЩǿ߳ţΪūˣ
̾һܳ±±͵ӵĹʸ߹Ա·ˣе·Ծͱһ˳һЩסܹߵøԶ
˵ŻǴ
ó⴫ʱٳʱԪӤøԼġ
֮ͨȴһھ˵ӣͶһʱ㡣
ǣ
ʹӦһ
֮ܳ̾һȻ
ôˣ
ؿܳࡣ
̾һ˶谡òһˣˣ
Ϳܳࡣ
Ҫ֪ӷ׶˶õˣܿ죬˴Ͳ˽뵽磬ǣһ֮󣬺ܿ˸ԵҪһǵǰȥ䵱ռ
ʲôռ
ܳҷսǿռսʿܹɱԷˣͬҲ౻ɱޣûʱȥ£͵ɳһЩȥռ˻һݣһݾɱǰ֮ռЩȥһЩҩʲôԴҲȥЩ鿴ƲڶΣգǣͻȻ©֮ˣһһǿ֮ˣǾֻ֣
飡
±Ӫûн
ЩԾ
ܳ¾Ϳϲİˣںܶ࣬Ҳʱһ£յǵ򣬵ȻˣһֿܣҹڹսҪһЩԴǰߣҲܾ¡
ȫȫ
ҡҡͷܳͬĵǻ뵽ĵþƽ»ãϵǶԷɢ֮ģͬҲһ֡
̾һܳǿ˿ܳɳܳɳĿܶҪնϣ
ܳൣĵӣ̾һƴƴҪ磬Ϊһû뵽ȴǲһԶ
Ҫǻһʲôİˡ
ܳʱܳ࿴עˣκʱ򶼲Ҫױ׳ʵԽ㣬Խ˻Ĩɱ
֪ܳĵĻлǰˣ
ŲһУסˣκʱҪľǻֻлֻѽΪǿռһԱܹ飡
ܳļҲǶһЩȫµʶ


184 
صǾ޴Ժʱͱеһ䷿档
žװ˲סϿȥ
ո񣬴絽ڱ˽󵼣㵽ǽٵǼɱˣ
һ˾Ϳ
Щ¼ݽģĿľҪ˵
ǣ
Ļࡣ
ɱǼ˵飬ҲԼĺ֣򣬵ҲΪԼɱòԡ
˿˿ʱĲֻнԲ
ȻǴ½ȻñֳһҪȻ˵ȥ
΢΢˵ͷǷڵĽѾ´㣬Ҫ±Ӫʱһ飬´ϣԾ˵ݼ롣
Ѵ֪ܳһЩ֪ԼҪӦĻܾܿͻᰴվܾоϢ
ֻҪϼִУ
Щؿû뵽Ȼ񣬼˵ϵҲû̫ı仯ֻͣһ¶ѡ
ȴ֪ԼĲ²ǶԵģЩһԤǾԼܾʱǾͻкˣԼȻִ˵ʱеѡ
ܺã˾͵
Ϊھ˵֪ܲطǱ߽磬պҹսǰҪӵ֧Ԯʱ޷õ֧ԮֻʱһЩ񡣡
һڵľ˵ģҾոսһս£ǰҪһЩȥػᵽĳǳأޣΪʱٵʿפһУҷĺӵٳأʱӦò̫ǰ䷢㵽ʱ±ӪҲ±Ӫ˵¡
鶼̶ˣܲӦ
ҷ
ӹ
ţĵɨһ£ͼ¼˸˵ˡ
Ǻãȥھͳɣ
ӵһСӳԪӤˣ֯ȻһͣķǷԦնԶȥ
ŷȥǼķڸֻһ˵ϧһ˲ţ
Ҿͣļս˫нˣǳزסģС͵Ҳһˣ
ˣ˼һ仰ܹǲòͿСӵ컯ˣ
оһṩӰݣСעһַӦƵģַܷס
λϲڻңΣԸһڵˣǿҲеģ
ţҶΪ̾Ϣ
ˣˣǷǱұ֮أȥֻһ·Ҳˣˡ
׷ɢȥͬûгֹƵġ
Ƿ棬Сӳһ׺ˣҽܵҽƤܣˣڿʼȫҵԪӤڣ˭Ļսң
ЦһȺҲͼԪӤڵˣǽ𵤺ѹвȨ
ȻӵɱȴҲ¡
ҿ˿Ƥܵ¶ЦݣȥҶսԼ
ˣһҪȥĵطǴķǣ֪ʲôطҸǰɣԭҹأȥҾһսȡʤǳض˻ǵܼ򵥣ȥѾסǡ
һԪӤڵصӳ˵һ̴֮ҾûȡȫϵʤľʱϲʲôĶԲߣ
Ϳһˣо¶һĵǸС
в֪µΣգ
ңһһȥأֻ֪һ㣬ǾҾ֮ϵĿĵأ
һԪӤڵ̾һˣͻȻͳǰ
ʱͿƤ⿴Լ
ƤӦ֪һЩԭ
ѵɳһСǰȥĹؼǰԼŪȥ
ò뵽һ⡣
Ƥܰһ½һЩţֳʮ飬ڵһԪӤڽյɳ˸
磬׹粢ԼǰռϷĵطȴŲٵ֣һʱҵĳҲֻ࣬ϸ΢Щѡ
ˣ
յɳڿʱһһ䡣
ղ˶࣬Ҳûлע⣬Ҳ˶٣ͬƵģֵĳӵˡ
յɳһʱ̫˫۾Ͷϡ
ƤҲͬ˹
ǵģҸմ½
յɳ
±
ʲô
ӸĿͶϣ±
±񣬵˶Ǿ޵ôܵˣʱСӵˡ
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ɴһƵݸյɳ
յɳͰŽ˷еһۡ
Ľ룬һĻʼһЩ顣
һ棬Ƿųݡ
ڷţҲ¿ɸɡ
֮󣬴ҶˣĳһӾ
һһԪӤڵ˲̾һ
ȥ
һ׳Ǵ
ЦһһԪӤڵ˵ҿǿϵսģ
ڴҶһЩˣ˰죬Һпܱĵ䵽ǵϡ
ܹ
Ҳˣ֪¸޷ȥֻܹԼܲպþͳˡ
ϵܣǱ㺦ˣ
һ𵤸ʱɬ
Ҳ˵ʲô֪Щ˵һЩʲôˣڲ룬ЩУܾŻһɵԼˣҲӦСһЩ
֮óҿǱһ̬ȣԼܺߣôԺ֤Ҳ༸˵ˣѵͲᴫȥֻҪǴ˳ȥԼĻ͸
ɣǷܲҲ㱣ĻǶҪһЩ
һԪӤڵ˿
½絽ҲһЩǶ̫ȻҲƣ̫󡣡
ɴ˵һ䡣
ԪӤɫһĿľһЩƤǣȴ˵ƲףҲ˵
ƤʱԾҪʼˣҶðɡ
Ծ
׹εгʵԶҪһַԾһָ߿ƼݣԾ͸Ӿȶԡ
ҪԾˣҶÿһ˵ж͸ء
ҲͬһԾ֪εԾ׻᲻лɡ


185 Ծ
ҷͻȻһͣ͵ĸо֮һ֮͸оԼ뵽һǳĿռ䡣
гһֹ¼ţϢ
ûл
ܾѾչˣǣռ̫ˣûκλĵ
⵽һʲôĿռأ
ȻûлǷŵһбڻǿ
ѵռһĿռ䣬ԼڵĿռƽУ
Ľ˼άǿŵģ﷢̫Լ뷨
ܾЩץȡһЩԼʱ
ЩĽ룬ɫһ䡣
䣡
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188 ׷
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189 ɱ
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ѾܹأΨеľǰԼǿֶһʹ˳
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ͷ޻ĳ֣Ȼͷڷ仯󡢺ƺƵǵءͻȻɳ
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ķ۷Ȼ䳯˹ȥҪ٣ΨлɱСӣɱ
µľǽףͻȻɳһǿеµĽƣףɱƾпɢȥԣһʱɱ
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ĸ־ȫ˹ȥ
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ܣԳ
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ÿһ־ͬһ޴ܵǰ
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ÿһ˶Ӧ٣ÿһ˶״С
ܵĽʿȫӦ֮ˡ
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׷ʲô飿
۷ĸ־ŭӣȫ׷ʲô顣
ۿԼһӦ׽ˡȥһһС
εĽ̫ˣ˳Ծø޷ġ
ȫÿһ˵ΪΪԽߣ׵ĺҲԽ
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ɴſɺˣ
뵽ܾչ
ܾչǽͷųĻ룬Ȼ࿹
һɣһܽ׵ĴڶһµĴ
һδεĺһδεĴȻʱһֽ
䣡
һ촫͸оԼˣͬҲ뵽
ӴĻ罽ɺԵĴأͣڡ
ԼʱһȫµĽһµ˹·ˣӿļͶҲڿٵ
ʱַԼʶҲڴ
¡¡
׽ѽ뵽ŽףٿܹվŵҲǼԪӤͷڵĸ֡
ȻҲǵǣڵҪٵĹȡõĳɼͬҲóٴε׽٣ֻǰԼٴεĽе
ȫصɽˡ
Ǿ޴Ľ׳ÿһ˽
ȻεĽײӣźٵļǣ̺Ӵޱȡ
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Ȼ𾪣Ϊһȴǿ̺ŵĻᣬȥЩ˵Ĵڸնɱʱ
򿪷
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ȳ˳ȥ
壡
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190 ߵ
׹Ŀ꣡
ȻȫɱʣµļҲķǾɱ
ǻȺսϲá
һ־޴ľϲ֮ӿͷ
˭Ҳû뵽һֽ˭Ҳû뵽֮ΧȻ⿪ġ
ͦȥȴǰȻӡ
Ҷе˶ĿͶ˰ѴҾˣ
ûǾֶΣȻڰΧʱֳܳƵ
ȫûһ
۴ڸʮˣԪӤʮġ
˷ܵرţ֧ӵǵ֪ʵñ棬Ҳ֪һѣһʤһɵ׳١
ȫ˹ȥ
ǰҲԣһͳ¡
л֮飡
ܹ飬ȻΪһһ𲻵͵Ľ
ĿͶϣŷ迴ȥҲ¶Цݡ
εһʵ˵һϴôǿľӣĽףҲõһҲףԼĲԼʲôŵõԼ
ھһսѾø
ȻҪԼǾɣ
͵ҲԸ͵гľһս֮ġ
֮дʱҲһηУоһ̩ɽѹУͨĿ̬֮Ҳ˱仯һĿ飿Ͳȥ⣬Ҫսս
һδ±Ӫ±
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⻰ȫ¶֮飬ٴοֿôҲ޷һ±ϵһ
һº΢Ц˵Цˣ˴η֮ûеõĻ⣬Ƕп֣ȫǾлԮ֮飡
л
ĽȫһǶףûľһ޾ȵľ档
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⽫Ҳսĸ߶ȡ
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ҶԼҲ˵ʵҲûʲôУҵЩ⣬֮аһԼڣ֪һܲһֳͻ
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תһЩͷʱЩľˣˣͰ˳Ļһʲôأ
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սһǣ
΢Цſ
ʲôһǿ϶ģһɱôĴˣȫһ£Ҳһ󹦡
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ȻûΣգȻͷ飬Ҳ뵽ԼĺôϣǾһֶˡ
롣
ǵķѽһս֮ķѾȫˣ϶¶Цݡ
ȫ˵ž֮ˣҸľһҵĻ
ܵ˴ҵΣҲ΢Цʾ⡣
ܿ죬Ҿ˳
һȫǷڵĽ죬ҲǳԾ
ԼӵܸЩҲһܹһ
ûȥΪȻֳҲڵǣȻȻΪһǿߣǶԻĵλ֮ˡ
˴ʶӶʧأΪҷǰ
迴˵
ڰԼСӵĶӳ
Щ
£ҪʩѹϾԼôĹȻýл㱨
һս󷽱棬ҽֻһӵʱԱѣǸմǶˡ
壿
Գ壬е˲ĿͶϡ
Ҷ֪һЩԴ֮ǰʼû䣬ھȻһǿߣ⵽ʲô¡
˵մǵ
Щʵ
Ҹո±񡭡
ͰԼ±Ȼ磬Ծ֮ʱ޼齲һ顣
ҾţϷ鶼̫⣬ȫû뵽ڴҵĿǿԱȻһû±
Ҳ̫ǿһЩɣ
뵽ûͷųǾ޻սʱǱֳôǿսʱһֲʵĸоǿ̫̬չǱҲԶޱȡ
ؼȫǵľˣǴҵľˡ
һýһƣؽʲô˷ʲô飬ҷȣҷȣӽҷǱضվһģ粢ĳЩ˵磬署ĻһĻһֶ壡
ؽȣӽ쿪ʼ˭㣬ԡ
¬ƽҲ̬ȡ
ң
ң
һķڸַ׷ױ̬
ижŴһȭҵˣҲ֪嵽׷ʲô飬Ϊһˣǰ;ٴļѣҲ޷˵ĳȥҲѪԵ壡
ؽ㣬Ҽűؽٶ𣡡


191 Ѳʹ
һս֮ĻҲܴ͸ˣʱҲ޷õ䣬ֻڳһͣŻ
죬ɲʱڰԼĵ
Ļ̫ŨˣܾչԴԴϵǽ뵽ڡ
ǷԼʶ֮
ԼԵͷһμսԼȻ˺ܴĽ
ȥʱһ۾Ϳķ衣
ǲڶԴԼϾͺܺãҲһˣæǰá
Щӵı鿴ϵܣ۹Ѳʹˡ
衣
շԭ˵Լһ󹦣һ֮󣬵۹϶ؽܿʥּͽ
ǣľȻһʲôѲʹٿıʱ֪¸ˡ
ֲ̧һ֣ϵܣЩ˵˵
ԴӵõľԮ󣬷̬ȼá
˵óһЩΪ˵ĻҪԼ
ʵһЩһ֪ģһЩѯʣ֪˲ٲΪ˵飬ϵܾǣұҪЩ㽲һ£㲻˽֮ä
ҲûŪ׵巢ʲô飬ڿһ֪ʱЩ
ϸһ˵Ҵ½ȫ֪ﵽ׷ʲô飡
˵ʵôãҲûŪݶڲ²⣬Ҳ֪׷ʲô顣
֪˴£Ҳ˽⵽һЩ飬ǲϸһˣȻҪ˽ˡ
ϵܣģ۹һӴĵعŲٵ壬УһܴȺǵҲǳڵ۹ӵкܴ֮ǰΪһ飬ıˡ
ǰ
֪Լ²ˣԴԭ
ⲻǳǰ
һ˵ܾԶ˵ʱҲ̫
ʵ硢ͷ׽ĹҶһģʵΪ͸ӽ£ǰʵ̫ǿˣǿÿ˵һ죬ʱĻ
ЩðԼǰ;ѵ˰Ҳһ塣
廹˵ʱȻҵȨңڿеҲ÷ǳĴڣʱͲᶯҹ
·廳ȥ̾һ˵ҳģǣŻǿʱɶԱ˵أԴ飬Ҳ˥ˡ
ܹܵ۹ʱıصҲǸ̾һ
粻͵ǱȻġ
岻ϵҲ٣һЩҲͶ˼ǰպһһʱһǿҽ緢ҵĹּ⣬ҪѡǿǰȥսҲ֪ϲʲôֶΣڸֶȥ
̾һ֪군ˣ﷢ˡ
ѵˣ
΢΢ͷ۴òң־ڱ߽磬ڶ֮࣬ۿУôϿĽ磬ҽǿһ˽ȥһȥ
ԾϿ֮ôϣ
Цһ̸ףҪ֪Ͽ֮󣬿ռͻᷢ仯ռ˭֪ᵽʲôطȥˣսʱǵ䵽һ֮󣬻Ͼûܹġ
ˣ
Ѿף֮ʧȥǿߣĴкýǹ¡
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˵ͷڵ۹֮Ȩ壬һֱǶͷ
ԭ
ҲˣԼòӾȻ˰аԼ޸ģ֮ûһͰԼһжǰ˲ݡ
ϵܣһ£ӦòģӦԼΪ
ףȻôһ࣬ΪֺȻ䱾ĶԸˡԸԼС൱Ȼȥˡ
迴Ŀ͸̫εÿһ嵽˶ᱻøֵֶɵսȥսʵ˽⵽һ飬½һҲǾ޵ĸ֣Ҷʲôģ֮ҲǱɵսҲ֪˵ǿռҲϿˡ
̾һ˵伫ͰԼԼǾֶΣҪˡ
أͿѲʹ㲻
˵Ѳʹ飬ҲЩףԼ鲢ôļˡ
ٴң
ϵܣһս¼˹ڣӦһĿȻģǣѲʹ֮ȴǶ̫Ĺģ߲ư
һתˣô˶޷ס۹ѲʹȴǶǹģһҪԭӦþݺԼԼΪƵˡ
ѵǻ޻ң
΢΢ͷ֪Լ󣬲ǷǾԲӣûûҷǵ棬˭˵Ǽϸ
忴Ҳˣѹֻôڡ
ڿ׽絽ô⣬Ⲣ⣬ŲٵøֵֶνƻĽ
л
ܹʱվԼһҰôԼǸмġ
˰֣ǷҲǵ۹һ壬ϵܷģҲȥӰǷң
Ǿ̫лˣ
֪Լĵ·ˣ۹еһԲһһͷ飬Щ⡣
֪鷢û뵽Լء
ϵһкδ㣿Ը⣬ҷǰɣֻҪû˸ᶯ㣡
ףҲһǶ˲һ壬γҲ˵˷ڶԴϲָ߶֮ˡ
ԼԼ
ѾףԼһ·֮ϳͬභ֮⣬ҲһУǲֹһĴС


192 
Ĺ֮ҲԼ뷨ȻԼԵõ͵ҲûãԷ϶ҪԼȻǾûҪ̣øߵʱһҪߵ
һĹٵװѲʹȻһˡ
˵ĵòҲ֪Ӧþһҵӵܡ
ʲôطڹٶ磬ֹټҵӵܻǳ࣬Ҳ֪һӵܵˡ

и߸ϵζ
ʱҲ˿ֿԪӤڵˣҲһ֡

Ҳֵúǳȡ
ûҪѻֻ꣬ҲܹȷǷҳ
Ļû˵һͱʾҪѻ˼ǰ˻ɵĶ
һԾŭѲʹܵĿƣôĴˣ
ߣҲһ֮ˣ
ʵܵƵˡ
ȻվסţȴҲ˱ѻľġ
ΪһԪӤڵˣ棬ʾԶ˼
ˣѻꣿ
̫µԣԷˣһȥԼɰ׳նǿԵģСӷİ취Լʰˡ
ö룬ѻ꣬Լˡ
ˣҪܷ
ȫһǣͲˡ
㣡ããҾ֪㺦ѻ꣬Ȼܵƣ
ѲʹЩ⡣
һֵ֮¶ʱʹҲҪйᡣ
ߣƾ㻹ʸ񣬸ңնɱΣ
˵䣬ȥǿʶѲʹʹ
䣡
̫ǿˣ
ڵʶǿԶһԪӤ֣ѲʹĶ֣˲ͱѹȻһʱǰѲʹͷϡ
ѻ꣡
ѻչ˵ĻǱ˳
Ȼ
һ쿴˶ԷĻǣͲ쿴ˣԷȻǴĿľһҲҪԼء
ʱ˶סˣȫû뵽õľֶΣֱѹֱѻꡣ
Щһ£
˷衣
ϵܣĽἤìܰ
ѵˣ¾ܹ⣿
衣
̾һ£Ĳ֪ôźá
ǻǱȫ˳ͶԷһĻǡ
ʶһӴѲʹĻǣСӹȻǰˡ
֪ô
뵽ȫǵľˣȻվһ
뷢һţ֪ܲ
ڵϿ̫۹ƣҲĶ
ȻҲŲٵͱȥ
ֻô֪ôһֶΣ
УҲ̫ò档
з֧־ͷǳˡ
ĸмΪ˲ԼסˣҲûվԼĶ档
һ·˵ϵܣҷҿ϶ȥǣҷȴǱվһɣҵ۹ҲѶý˴һϢͽ¿һ߻᣿
ŷһ̶֪ܹȾǶԼ֧֣һܻܿࡣ
һӣ΢Ц˵ʵҵγ鲢⣬εһսˣҵĸЩǷȱ뿪ҾͽѧԺȥѧϰȥʵԼҪġ
迴˿飬ز
Ѳʹһۣ˽в˴Ҳǵ۹һӵܣϵ
ڵ㲦ˣ
΢΢ͷԷѾƵ̶ȣΨеľǶסʲôѹҶ޷ˣ
迴ҿļϷɣ
Ҳ֪
ЩԾ
ͷ֪⹦ʵ׹ߴµĹֻ׹˵һٸһֽ˸죡
ͷҲȷֹʱԼͣĽݣµĹûС
֪Ϸ֮Ϊ

һֱоԼ⹦ŵЩףû뵽ĳƺ
˵֮ǵǣ˼ǿǿƥ
ȻΪĴûдһ׵Ĺ
ҡҡͷ´оˣʵϷأһֱģɶӵУǣ׹ôؼ˭ܹͻƣȾ߱ǵѪͳͲɹΣ⹦ֻлݣ޷С
ЩԾЩ߼ȻܹܸߵĲ㼶϶ǵɣ
ЦһϷİԵ֮ݣǴ߰Ĺݴڣͬ޷ѧᣬԣ޵İϷڳͲıѧᣬܶϷʱﲻҸɣûһܹϷﵽԪӤģ
飡
ˣôҲû뵽ϷȻһ׹
迴˸Ϊλƿͨǵ˰ɣ
˵ͷЩˣǶ˿϶ȥĻȫѹͳ˿ջ
֮󣬷һս֮Ϸȫ¶˳˿˼ߵĳ̶ȣ˵ס𣿡
ˣ
ǳôʰԼԭ
ϵܣϷÿһɹ֮󶼸вͬȻʾѾܴ󣬵ǣ㻹ȱݣѷ֮ϵ˿ô֪̫ܹ㣬ַȷǣҲֻĶ˷֮ϣĶѾв㻹ôԼĹֲУǿ߲
赣İΣǰ⻰Ҳ˳
һ֪ԷǹؼõȷŷǿʱͱԽҪ
ϵܣҲáҲãЩȫ֮ⷽӦöòǣѾͣǺ£ʵصб仯ٶ򣬵֮ÿһεĽǸĽ
վŷһ̫Լˡ


193 Ӱ
ҪϢ᣿
õϢ̫̽ŷǶ
Ҫ֪ڵɲһˣһս֮Ҷճ˶̫ĺ档
һسֵˣ
һֻڵΪɱôӵˣ
еһжý顣
һۼ̫ˡ
û÷ͬͶһ
ΪԼҲˣҪз谵еĲͲôĹģҲ˳С
ڷ裬Ҳͬмġ
һۿҲЩ𾪣˭˵ԶŵЩֳָ豸Ǿ֪һб򷢴̫ˡ
һҲܹ⣬ʺſռĶܹóôܿƼ
ϵĿƼǴ紫ȥģ͸ӵķˡ
ţֻҪԼˣݾͻĴȥ
һԼЩ巴ߵķж
ȻԼΪߣƵˣǲˡ
ܿ죬뷨֪ϢһԼЩѹ˵˾Ƕˡ
ǰ;֪ʲôӣǣԼзĻͬҲиҵĴѹɴŪһЩźá
Щ߳ΪѶߣ鲼ء
м֮ĿЩ˵ɨһµ֪˶ҷǳ棬רŽڿϢѴˣʵأҾҵҽһ¡
ҶʱжЩԾôһˣôܹѴľӸɵˣ
˵ǴǶˣһ½ʺ±Ӫˡ

˵ԼʱҾѾԾ˵ʱҾȻˡ
ʱѶ̲סʵؽΪֵ˷ǣ
˵ʲôû壬Ҿһʶҿ
ɶ
ʶ
ֶδ֪һЩģȫǰһ˵ĻǰȻͨͳڴҵǰ
ֶҲûж˻ã쾹ȻѵõǼֶΡ
һУȻʹһ޴һ˷˳
޴һĶװ֮⣬ܹװŵˣֻǶ˵Ϊ˺ܴ
жĳ𰡣
֪Щرˡ
λв˴ǾܼҵˣҲǸոǵѲʹ
ĻٴΰѴòᣬĿⶼͶ˲˴ϣó˴Ѿʩչѻ
ҰѲܼҵ˶Ū
ĵӣҲһЩµʶҲߣ
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194 Юŭ
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196 
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ڶѨ棬ǰԼЩѪȫ˳ȥ˺ܳİڣʱƬȻų׳뵽֮С
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197 
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ǿǵٿǽưѴҶʱ׼ųⲻ֪ôɵĽ״⣬Ҳõİ취
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199 
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200 һСæ
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ͬ⣬үҲиˣЦǷ


201 һ
һĸְүԺǸˣ־͵Ǻķϡ
ڶүһ˵ΣΪѾȥҪչľж
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СѨʧˣѨҲʧ
Լڷʲô
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ǵطվһˮչԼȫϴһ飬Ȼһ֮ٸǷǳˬȻ·»һߡ


202 ֻϢ
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ȫһ˷ܵϢˣ
һ·ĶûϢΪԼ군ˣû뵽ϾȻǼĸ֣ȫһ˾ϲ顣
ϵľƱһڣһֱѹŵĸҲһЩͷš
ӣպڶɫһڵ⣬ȾǼĸֻһ޷뿪˵۹֮оһЩս飬ĿľǼҲǣ·һѣ
΢΢ͷպڶ˵Ҳ⣬Ψһĸȥ˵һ׳н飬˻Ǵ塣
֮һֱûи֣
ʳ⻰
Ȼ֪һЩһ¡
պڶ̾һ֪ģԴǰ֮󣬴Ǿͺ˵˵ǵķͨҲ޸ģûֱӽ뵽ǣԣĵط֮ľˣ
ֻܸ̾ˣԼγҪԼһЩֶΣҲˡ
Щպڶ˵Ҳǣܹ֪ǰ֪Ķ
Ϊ̫ˣ˵Ǹ޷дֻܼϣǣǷô飬ǸǼĸҲֻܹǲ뿪һ޷ﵽ½֮ˡ
һǵ˶ûУ
һ䡣
ҡҡͷպڶ֪ûˡ
ƱһڣǳصģȫܹܵϵǼֵΡ
ԼͽǣԼܹһЩ飡
ȭͷ


203 
ûڳһ·򶫣Ƕȥ
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ǰȥһͬһɫبǿգǳ޴󣬷ǳƯ
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ԼЩֶΣﵽĺѣ
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ʶӾҵĲ·ҪϵļһƵġ

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⵽û뵽顣
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𲮣ҷһҵھȻܹ
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˵𲮵˫ɢŵ档
˵𲮿ܹͻΧϲǺ£Ҳ£Ҫ֪ܹǼһҲûУ
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𲮿Ҳһʵĵطǰ֮ǿ󣬾ΪǼǿڶֻ࣬һ֧Ŵ֣ܹһ˽Ǽ֮ղԶˣǱҲǳпܽǼ
𲮣Ҿ鲻ĻЩˣҲҲķչռ󡣡
𲮳˼һ㻹̫ˣȻпܳɳǣڵΪǼԱǰû̫ǿĵֿ֮
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𲮵ĴǼּӣĵȻǵע⣬㲻ɶΪӦ뿪ǣ֮лع飡
⣡
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뿪
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204 ѹ
Ծȥ
𲮵·ڶԡ
ףܻ𲮸оΣգٿĵطʱȻһԾڵ㡣
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ûκεԥǼսȻʼսԾ
սոҪ뵽ռʱǳԾ͸ܵһڻ𲮵Զ
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·ǿմһ޴Ŀӣֱӿ
䣡
Զ˲ǰ
̫ǿˣ
ͷһƬհף֪Լǵǰûκη֮

ʱһȼŵԶͬǿսһ֮ͬʱɢȥ
ǿ飬ǱĵطǶɢȥ
ǿǼǿߵ
𲮳ˣ
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̫ǿˣȫǴŻԵĿľҪɱռ֮С
һ˵Ҳûа취ȴŲٵֶΡ

ռͼƤÿһƤŷǳǿĹԣǽ˹ȥ
ȥ
ǲʷҲȥˣĻ棬֮˲
޴ĺռ洫ռ־Ҳڽ١

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ˣһŵĵط˵
Ҳһ֮ˣûΪѻع;ɥǳһ̽
˵һԲʵӾ޴ȫԲ֮磬֪ԼôģҪʲôܹȥǣ˽֪ԼڵʵǿͨеģЩǿǼ־ӵһ
ҲԼý뵽Ǽܹ֮ع飡
ҲһҪþ޻
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ԽԽоֶͬҲá
ԲһĹɣԼǰǷܹأ
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Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬𽥰Լ뷨
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ȫռԼ壬ԼԺعҲ⡣
뵽뵽һЩ뵽ǣҲЩ˽뵽֮棬ϵĸǸĻ»عԼһͳһѵ飬Ҳôĸֽ޷عĹؼ
ĵǣٿԼȴЩ޴ֵĸоԼڵһĿռ䣬Ҫһѡ
ʱһȥۿһԼͷ޻ʱ۾һľԼͬž޻⡣
Ȼ޻ҲáҲáҲãһЩܹڣΪԼͲܹ
ʣ
Ҫľǽʵ⣡
һЩ򡣲һЩȫþ޻ʣؼȻûнһںϵ顣
ںϣ
ٴγȥȫʶںϵ֮С
ʱһĹȥǻŲİ롣
һİжԼںϳΪһȫµһЩȫµ뷨
뷨ʱǱŵŮվ


205 
һֱľĵûжҲ֪ʲô
֮ʶͬҵһ˷ܵƵģľӿ˹ȥ
ܿ죬ʶǽ뵽ĵ
ʶ֮͸оԼĵʶγһֺϵ·֪Լ룬ԼҲȫ֪
ûеŪʱͷԼĻǾ޻ڵȫĵڶȥ
Ѵ󾪣һǽᷢʲôأ
Ĳ
Уֹ
ʶʱҲǿٶĽָ
ǣӿ̫ˣҲٶ̫ˣֹԺ
ԽԽ뵽ĵڣĵ鶯
ʱڵǲʷҲһϢ

һˣȫѩϼ˪Ϊ
ʷոһȥûжľͬҲˣĽ֮Ҳġ
군ˣ
һ˿ЦĲ֪ôźá
ףô뵽һ֮ڣٵΨһǾը³Լǿͣ⵵ͬûκεİ취
֮ݳĹÿһ˶Ų֪ͬԼԼĴѾʼһʲôķչԼܹƿصģǣ֦ĵطȴŸֵı仯²ⲻġ
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뵽ڣһָоԳѾںһȫԼ塣
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žԳнԳҲڷòϵĸı䣬ǻûӡ
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ʱԽ鶯һʵĴڡ
ʱŵѩҲվվ𣬾վʱͬҵһͻƿƵѩڶȥ
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֪ԺԼҪع飬һؼĽڵ㡣
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ʶŮ˶ȥֻСһΧߣЩȫһЩӵĺӣÿһ˶ƤŹͷ
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210 
֪ǻʼҵĹ涨ȴΪĹ涨ȫԣͲȥʼҵʣΪЩһЩʵ¡
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211 
ԼĹǺӴľ
Ȼ˵ҪңһȥȫһֶԹҵսϢ˾ǣ˶Ȼˡ
ɱɱ
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212 
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ôӴ룬ΪԼ嶼޷ܣǣôܽ룬ȴǷԼõĳܵ⣬֮ܽڶԼȫŸ졣
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ʱоԼʶ·߽һĸҲڽһļ
ҲԼߵܱԽĻԽá


213 뷨
ԽԽڣܿʼʱúܶ࣬ľ࣬ȻҲȻеǣ˵̫ࡣ
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214 
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뵽ս뵽ֳǿҵзĶ־һµľܾͻˡ


215 
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ԼֶΣҲһ֣ͨЩ˺ܴӰˣһԼͰŪһɡ
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뵽ɱԼܵʱ뵽ֲİ취Ͷĳȥһһҩ䣬ڹһѧԺרŴѧϰҩ䣻һȫһЩѧԺֻҪﵽĶͯýѧϰ
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΢΢ͷǶһսȻҲһҡ
˵ͬһָڸʲţѲݵķ˴ڣͬܡ


216 仯
ϸϸĹ۲Լڵ
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ֻҪԼţͲı䣬Զ뿪
оԼҵһ취ˡ
ĿڼŮϿȥʱȻѡ˸ʲ̫һˣΪ̫ȻӵвٵԼĵ֮ҲһЩԣҪľǰ־ĳԼ־
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һͼĻƣǿϢϢڣȻֽ֮һİܡ
ڴӸǿʼ۹ܣǱࡣ


217 
𽥰ǸʲڵŸǷ˸ʲһЩ־ɴͰЩ־ȫ˸
Լ飬ʲô־붼ҪõģȻκε־ڡ
ףЩڵ־ڽԼ棬ԼΪЩ־Ҳͬ˵ĶԼļʱ˶ܹջأҪǰЩĶȫԼĶñߡ
˸ʲڣһѹƣǿƽŸ˺óʱ֮󣬸ʲڵѾòˡ
ԼάϵŸʲ壬һ֮ͨѽڵһŸʲע롣
һܾϸĻһڡ
ȶԸʲͷԽиȻ·һĸȥ
ʼһ죬̫ܲ࣬ʱ䣬Ǹֵƾ˴ԭͷעԽԽ
ȫǰʲע롣
ʲ־ı֮ȫһ֡
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ٽķʽڸʲһװá
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֮󣬹Ȼͼӿ˸ıٶȣܱ־ȻͼԼ־
ҪʱһЩһ֮Ǹʲǳӵ־ܡ
ԼĵһˣиˣҪľǵڶݣǾøʲڵЩȫԼܡ
ʱԵһЩѶȡ
ڵʱҲǾսĽУڵ̫󣬲ѳ˸඼˸ʲڡ
ܵԵú١
ͬԼʼӵԼ־ܷס˸ͨȻðһְ룬еܸıԼ־ܣȻעʲڵܡ
ʲڵͬһܹһ֮ͽڡ
Ĺ̶˵þ޴ˡ
ǹ˵Ѿȫ־ܣҲߡ
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Щ֮ǽȫµĵܾ˸Ľһְͼ־
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Σǳⷿ䣬Ȼһֿٵһԭȥ
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ոյǻԭŨܵĽͷϷɡ
žŽף
еĽЦһ֪ԼĽˣҲ֪εôһ£ͲôĽ׳֡
ԼȻǸӵҫۣȴҲûдﵽ׵ĳ̶ȣôͶȽˣ
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뵽ԼܸıԼ־ʱˣΪһΪȻҪġ
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һŽ׿ʼÿһ׻ԼȥܣǲŹֽ飬ýֱӾʹڡ
Žˣ
ǰļǷǳɵĳܹȥŽʱһЩܵػĸܡ
ҲֻǴֱðѣû̫ܵ˺
Լڱøǿˣ
Լϲ֮ӿͷ
ʱһ뿴עܵĸʲһʲô뵽ͰѸʲŵ˿С
Ÿʲĳ֣ǱɵĽ׳ϵĺȥ
ĸʲ޷ܽ׵ĺʱ׼ջأȴû뵽һĽֱӾʹ˸ʲڡ
ԼʶȥʱȴǷָʲڵڿٵںǵĽ
ʲڽһĵõֻʲȫµļӵľӨƮȻ֮䣬Ůɢ˵ҲĶ
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Ȼһ־ϲ֮ӿͷͷԼͬҲһֺܿٶŽ׵뵽Լˡ
ڽһĸı䣡
ǽ׵ǿһıǿ
ǽɢȥǾžŽ׵ͬû޳κε˺
ԼڵǵеĽʱһЩȫµı仯
𵤱øҫۣɢ߲ʵĹâ
һָоԼĽڱøͻˡ
رȫԼ־֮оԼ־ӽһЩ
ҲȥԼٶȻӵĿ٣


218 н
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΢΢һЦӵս޷ǲ⡣
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ЩǿĵֿҲ޷ܼսĺ
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ϣ̫ĹҴڣԺҾ֣ҲƣӴҲ⡣
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ʼʱڷ̫࣬ɱҲ٣ܵõ٣һЩģȴȫͬˣܴӶزϵ
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ڵɽ֮ȫγһ޴ĳУֵĽﲦضǴӸӿѲǻߵ
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û뵽ݳڴҵǰÿһ˶Ϊ״ӡ


219 洫
ߵ㳡֮ϣƷǿȥͻȻ̫뷨ҲԼҲǿһЩ˽һ֧ǿ
뵽ƷǿʱĺЩ
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£ͰԼԲʩչ˳
Բչ֣һĹȦȥһЩܡ
Ʒĵӿʾʱһ˵ﶼ˸Ŀ֮顣
ڴҶܹΪ֮ϲѣÿһ˵жǰ;ǳ롣
ܹΪ˵洫ӣǰ;Զޱȡ
ҽһˣ
ʱͻȻһӾһ
Ҳû뵽ЩôߣĿͶϡ
һۿȥȻһЩ

Ҳò̾һԼɾȻֻһĽ׹ȴѶȼû뵽ܹٽ롣

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ԭʿнɽ
ʱʶŶԷȥ
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ʲô˵ԼɶؽҳԼͽ
Ϊǵĵĵӣ
˵⻰һǿע뵽˶Էڡ
ע룬ɽ͸оԼǽ뵽ɾڶ㡣
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ʮ˳Ϊ洫֮󣬺͸ʱҲͬ뵽ɾĵһ㡣
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Щ˶ǼƷ֮ˣĵ·Ͽ϶ߵúԶ
ҪľǰǱҳԼͽֻԼŵķչŻбϡ
ʶ޸ڲ֪нУ۴ʲô뷨ǱҳԼˣǵʶû޸ģΨһ޸ĵľĨȥǴŵ뷨˰ٷ֮ҳԼʶ
һ޸֮ǵı֮ҪʲôҲ޷С
֮ʶȫס˵ǶǾѡľӢȻûܹǰ٣ȴҲͬǷǳǱ֮ˣֻҪܹһнɾ㣬Ϊ洫ӣ
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ĿڼǸͳԪ˧Ͽ˿ְǽнһӡ
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лʦ
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220 
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ŵȫǾԵֶӵŸ֮ˣܿ죬һڸ޽
ÿһͬĹΨһһ
ܹԴԴϵĴӸػȡ
Ѿˣɵǿ֮ܣһ־ԽӵУԼ֮ľԽ
䱸ľЩ뵽ŵĵǣĳ
Ҳ˲ٵĲ㼶ͬѧУһרŽ֪ʶʦȻˣڵҪǽ͹һЩѧ
֮оһѧУ̫ܹ֮нܽ
֪һ㣬ҪץҪÿһ˶żᶨ
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221 ǿո
ӿԽԽ࣬û뵽ƻôӴ
ڽ˵ڽ뵽µĲ֮ӿȻȻĻ޸ĳӵ־ЩѾȥ
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ǰܽ뵽˵ռ֮󶼲κε֣ȴȫ˳
ЩܿȥʱԽԽǺ
Ǵ絽ԴԴϵڿռγһ

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Լ·Ǽսʿһŵ
Ȼȫͬһֲ㼶𻯰
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229 
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ʱͻȻܵԶһǿд󾪣֪Ǻҵĸֿܵˡ


230 Ʊ
ʲô
ɳԾؿǰȻǧ֮ԶĿȴͻȻ䷢顣
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뵽ô޴һʱЩŸУҪ˵ˣǱ㼶Ҳһܹ顣
һŴź̵ܶʱ͵ĴԼʱҲв̵ʱ䣬˵ˣԼ뿪ˣֻҪŴǳ֣ԼҲܹ֣ǣԼ͸ûзֵŴǵĴڡ
ʶǳӰ
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ʼʱǾ޴ޱȵΣҲЩԼ˴˵еľ壬ǣڲͣĽʱŷԼ뷨ˡ
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Խɻ󣬺ɶҲ˹ǣҲᶯ
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ʶȺǿ̫࣬ںɻûзʱǷ˺ɵĴڡ
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ڣǼڵռбʱҲʱһЩڡ
ܵĵ֮£ȫƽȥ
ʱԼӵܵҲǾϲȫû뵽ôǿ
ּܹ֮ʱڲ룬ҲܶԼ˵һǿڸĻܹ롣
ԶǿˣֻԼһ緢չԼڸ֮ϣɵĻǷԶԶĳ˱ˣ
û³һӣ½ȫڽ֮棬ʱѾúݣǳһ󺣡
Ȼ⺣ȥС࣬ǣǾȫһ

һָоԼȡ֮ӵܡ
̲صܼһǰϿӽһܣںϵһ֮ǽ뵽ĲΡ
ֵǵزʱûκεĽ׳֣·һ㼶ͲƵġ
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ȻѾȴ֪Լ飬ϲУԼûκεľԡ
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һߵԼһ߰ĿͶ˺ɵϡ
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һվϾһѹ
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ȻԷǿȴһָоԼҲڶԷ
Ǿһսɣ
ս
мѡ
Էѯʣһȷ˶ԷǺ֮ˡ

Ȼվûзϡ
ֲΣ֮Ѿûֽɣʲôʲô
Уȥˣ
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Ӻʶ֪ǺҵմӵܹܲѧһС
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뵽һƤͳŶԷ˳ȥ
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Ҫ֪ܹﵽǼε˴඼ӵŶŵĴУʲôĴУǶǼҲһЩ֪ʶģ˿ܳ˵õ˺ʶ֮⣬Ǽ̫

뵽еĺʱɰһֺڼжúܣҪǵϵһԱԼͲܱɵ
ʱڰǺôһ򣬾Ȼûס
ŷǿȥʱԺɵľ飬һ۾ͿӦӵֻǲ֪жѡ
ǼĲΣڴ˵ӵǴҼõĶԶʲôҩñ
Ǽ֮ҪͻƵһؼĵطҵȻԼڡ
ɾ֮£õŴǵ룬ҪȻҲܳΪƱߡ


231 ǲһ
ɵֳ֮飬Ҳûԣƾһ䣬һɽ緢Ƶӿ˹ȥ

ͬҲ־չеҲͬʹ˳
ײһȫӿ
ǿȫķ籩
Էһǿл
û취Ҳ֪ԼĶ̰طϾԼǼսȫ֪һʱҲҲõֶΡ
ԼҲ֪ԼʲôֶβС֮ûκεĴС
ʶȻҲһ㣬ǣԵǺûжߵΪĴвûдڹҲֻ֪һЩƤë֮
һַ֣㼶֮ǰЩʽȫãֶֻλһá
ȻõǺҵ֣ɴŭ֮£еĿӿøĻӵҡ
ֶΣȻ֪Ѻʶȡˡ
Ĺǿǿͬһ̫ͬ𺣡
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Ǻɵֲͬȥľȫˡ
˾ﻥС
ײ֮ͣɢǿգڵڲͣġ
սľȥҪ˵ԷͬҲĲ
ԽԽľǼսһҪ飬ȥÿһǷʹһǼֿܻʧȥս
԰
ִо϶ǳĴ򷨡
Ҫ֪ô֮Լ˳ȥȻԼɢȥֻҪԼţЩɢȥܹع飬ǣعٶأ
Ǽǿսһ֮ͻһԼص飬ֻҪԼع鵱Ȼܿ죬ǣһɢ˳ȥҪӴûعԼ壬ҪʱȴǷǳĳ
ҲǶһЩǼǿ߲һսԭ
Ǽǿ߶Ըһ˿˵ǻ֮飬ǣƾеĶʱһսҪǸ̫ࡣ
ڵ֮ľ̫ˡ
սһʱҲһЩҪ򣬾͵øһԼһʲôĴ򣬴֮Ա֮ԲԼ˴ʤҲǲʤԼòײɵܶĥ⡣
һԼƴ𰡣
ˣ̺ҵ˲£ԼȴǲܹôɵȥһҪ뿪С
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ʱȴһ¡
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뵽Ҳսˣһ˹뿪
ܣ
ɿ뿪־һ䣬ͰƵĹһ˳ǹǹͷͬͷҧ˹ȥ

糤ˮ綾ҧɡ
θһͷֶԷĹ˱仯
ͷһʱŷֶԷĹ˸ı䡣
ԭҲǿģ
ʱ׹ԷĹԭֶֹΣǸĳĽ٣ȴĹ
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ҪĻǶԷǹԼһʱԺСĴ۾شԼ
Ǽֵһǿ
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һֶʵļǿʱҲԼô־չͬһ˳ǹС
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ǣȴǷԼ׷û̫Ч֮ľ벢ûС١
ɷһǾԼܹ֮ҧסԷһԭǶԷûκεǿշԼռıˣҪȻ֮ߡ
ⶼʲô˰
ȥʱɲܹΪ
СӵʲôΪ
ԽԽ飬նɱ֮ĸ
ƵǰȥһǰһУ˻಻á
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һ֮£֮ľ뾹Ȼһ롣
ܵԷҲһ⵽ʲô
ʱǹͷֶܵҲһЩо뵽ԼҲڶԷʱתԷս
һоŹֶΣһܡ
Ҳ֪ռ׷˶ã׷ĽУȴԽԽоʱչʾǿ
ԽԽǿˣ
ԽɵŭҲԽȼա
һ׷֮ڵڲͣġ
ⲽ
κɵٱ䣬ǲϧȼȻǰ
ȥˣ
Ըܵĳɳȥ֪ԼǷܹɱõ
һǰɵгǹͻһѴ󵶣˹ȥ

ԷûĴʱϲǰһ
һֱõľǴ󵶣Եо϶࣬оǹʱ̫ĵط޷ڿԷ˴ʱ֪Լÿܻջˡ
ܣ
ȻоԷĹֶΣȻȻľͻûһܡ
ǹܵĳ֣ԴԴע뵽˴֮ϡ
ꡭ
ںɵĹд


232 
˴췭ظӦȴڿٵ
ӿʼʱı棬һΪĴˡ
ԷǴĹϲͣĿҲɢȥ
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ܿ죬˫۷Ź⣬ͷԼڵ㼶
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ˣ
Ǵ󵶵ı仯ͼĴǻɾԷսӼҡ
ǳǹûôõԣȴǻ˴ʱڴʹϵĸѺʱȫӦĴ򷨣չһһĻӳǴϵҲӶԷĴѧᡣ
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ܿ죬͸оԼ뵽һȫڰĿռ䣬ûκεĹߡ
ԾĻоԼȫɢʧһһҪӴļѹӿ

뵽ʱЩˣһرĿռ䣬һܹ˷𵽵ķǳңԶĵط
ݺʶд֪ʵַȫǰ˴͵һȫĵط
ǺɱԼҲпܻȥɴͰԼŪ֮ء
ԵǺʱʩչֶΣûѡ򣬽뵽֮оúܣ֮ء
Ȼĵطȫú¡
ʼʱͻȻ룬ЩӦԼ࿹ڷôʱҪľǷſԼȥȫ
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ڱ˵ĵطһأǣӵܵͲĵطܾչ֮˿ȫǾصĵطȴǶ޺
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ˣ
Լ֪һʲôĸоǸоԼ׽ԶԼƵġ
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ǣƮŵҲһķз·һɷǳӴǣԶȥ
ܾѾȫչڲͣӿ롣
оԼƶͷһطڴ򿪡
ˣ
ȫŪ׵׷ʲô飬ûзֹԼͷ滹һ֮ء
ǸطǰʶʱͻᱻƿȻ޷ȥ顣
׹ǸطӦӡĵط
˭Լʶ˷ӡ
žǺԼĵطԽǷ·ǷӡĵطҲڲϵɶ
ڲͣӿ룬Ƿӡ֮ͻȻɢǿҵĹâ
һ֣ЩâԽԽǿ
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ͻȻͷ֮һˡ
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䣡
ʱ͸ܵԼͷдһ޴ޱȵĺ
ĴʱͷзӡĵطһӴˡ
䣬ҫƬǿա
ʱҲƽࡣ
ˣ
һ˧ˣô΢Цſ
ڷű仯һʶ


233 
֮ӿ˧ȴ¶һŵ΢Ц
һۿȥȻȻɢһλ߲ӵеơ
˧˵Ļ͸оԼڿٵƿӡ
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һӵôΪˣȫʧȥĻеλΣһˣʧȥǿ߹գһЩǿìܵĸͰн֣ѸĸȻаһЩǿɱڣѾзչĿռ䡣
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ٿԼʱԴԴϵڽ룬ܵк֮£ֱַӸصõҲȫںϵһ
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ķչ֮·Ҷ֪ͬ뵽ⵤеı仯ʱҶҲһЦ
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234 
ǱӡŵҲڿٵĻָҶεмѣôʱĽԼ˵ȫһĥ˴ҶλһǾͬǴ󷨰Ĵ
ԼȥѰ򲢲ףǣܹӵ˽İᣬܹܿԼ׳
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ŷ壡
Լô꣬ûôõ飬쵽Լչжʱˡ
֮ҶθеԼӦһе
뵽ҶٴεԼȫ
ڵеʱҶεһֻҪԼķڣԼô̫ܹʱʵһ޸Ŀܡ
ûҪԼĵƬĿռ䣬ͬҲܹΪԼϵġ
ΪҪĴڣܹͬΪԼֵ漣
ѣ
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΢ЦҶβϵľ޴֮С
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ԱƤӵģ
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ҶΣ˶֮ҲͬǵĶ֣
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ڵϣŷ˴ǰͿʼһЩ֣˻Ĺô⣬ŷȴǸ淢չǿƣʱȷǽת
Ҷڳ˼һвͷЦˣҪ廹һЩģ군ǵϣڱƫƣǵȫƫʱͽǻصԭأĻỹУ԰ɱ
ţ˵öԣҵȻصǵʰˣ
Ҷε¶˵Цݡ
ڻع飬ҶҲͬƣⲻƫƣҪǵϵĻĹܹ
һֱҶαֳĶֵ֮飬ûΪԷǼֶĻš
ҶʱͷЦ
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ԣȴҲܹҶ롣
ǰҶεǾ棬ĥ㻹治ݣУò׵õĥɾˣ
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У
ҶεһչһѾͳǸ˳ǹץ˹ȥ
һЦûջسˣҶץס˳ǹ

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ҶεΪߣֻҪס֣ҶεͿڲͣĹġ
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ǵĿУֶζԸҶֻȫһִ˴СӵΪסҶεҶξ군ˡ
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ʱڳ֮ϲһĥµֶΣǹڲͣĶÿһεĶУʵᱻô
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ᣡ
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ҶεʱɢȻ󣬴ҾͿǱڶŵĳǹʧˡ
ţǳǹʧǲȫ·ڷʲôر飬ڵȻڴҵǰתơ
Ӵĳֱֻ֣ӾͱҶɽ뵽֮С
ٿʱȴǲǿɢȥ塣
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ŴչҶʧ˴ҵǰ
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˹ȫ֪ˣ۾Ĵš
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˶ڷԼǰǲ֪ôźˡ
汨ɣ
ҿҪˣ
̫ˣɳ
˻࿴ʱжһ־֮顣


235 
̫ǿ
ҶУܵӴڳԼ塣
Ͳȶ֮ڱʮ֮ǿҵĸ˵
УԼⵥ޷ôǿ
ѣһ֮
ŵҶ֪ڱֵǿѹ
ŵ۾ƣ
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屾֮ڶһӦò⡣
תҶΰ֮뵽ڡͳ֮ҶŸܵԼڵѹᡣ
ȥʱҶףȻǿҲֻ֮ܳͬ
ҶܹǲͣȥԼĵǵĳԶ塣
Ҷεں֮ǴϢͬҲҶӵ
ǰҶڵϢҲв٣ôϢĵռѾ˴
ӵ֮ҶθоԼȻЩԳܣֻܲˣ
֪Լڳѵ˼ǷŵԼҲֻ֮ܳ룬ϾҪһںϣһӽ֮Լ͵˼ܵİȻСʱпܰԼͱ
ǻһˣ˵ȡôһСֶþʱںϡ
ⷽϢָܵں˹ؼá
ҶζԼʶһЩˣֶΣͳ˿ܡ
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Լͻص˹ȥôͻһĴڷʽʱһֱ֮ͻữȥԼٵʱܹȫĻع飬ܹԼΪһ壬ΪԼá
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֪кܴ룬Ҳּ룬ǣκεҪһƽ̨ȥʵ֣ʧȥһƽ̨Ϊ㻹ܹʵֵԼ룿־͹һ綼û˸Ϸʵ㣬ֹһ绹һƺħֹȻҲɹ֮һǣһ֮Ůǿһ·ûиĴŮΪ¯ŮǿϢͻᱬ֮¿˵Ǹողſʼ㵽֮ʱ֪⹦ı̬ˣǺǣħĺγħ

վŸķ˳ƽ˵̫ǰԼ˵ĻʱҶε̫Ļ䡣
ҶθоԼɵļڿٵĻع顣
һжôϤһжôио
ҰҲɣ
ʱҶͻȻһ֮һʱһǱҶβ֪ʲôطץȡ˹

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ķͬԾؿҶΡ
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˸һָʱ־ȻǱҶε㱬塣


236 
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뵽ֻڴķչ֮У⼼ϵ󣬱װ˰Ŷ֪ʱҶֻҡҡͷ
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ֻҶξֻϲͣİֻ֮ǱҶνһЩĶȻҶθһȥԼֻղͨʱȥȫɾһЩ֮¶Цݡ
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ڽ𻷼ĲȣľӪͣͣҪ֪ǵʧǷǳģӦһке

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ǸĹԱʱҶεҶ鳤Ƕ˾Ĵ˵ĻǵĹ˾·չȥҵĵطȶֻңһôԱʧҵǵطҲԽ⡣
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ЩҲû뵽ҶξȻôǿƣʱˣǻǺϻĹԱôǿơ
Щ˻࿴̫ˣμôҹӰҵҪĵĹԱһǿѹĿľǱƻĵĹԱǣǣھȻһʱ֮治֪ôźá
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˵ʵûе磬˽⵽飬ҶϻЩǣȴȫͬˣҶ֪еı̫ĿƼüֳҶζ֪ıڵľ棬ͲȥЩνĴš
ҿҶ΢΢һЦûһ飬ôȥ
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ˣ𻷼ҿѾˣ˸ɴˣ죡
ҶεһӴķչĵļƻ


238 ʦ
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һרŵڻĳֱӾͰҶνӵǵµĿռ档
ٴʱҶεһָоǰһռ仹оأҲܾ޴󣬵֮ҶٿʱŷҲһСӦǰǻ˴ľٵĵط
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⼸ͷһۿҶʱÿһ˵϶¶˳Ծı顣
ǰǿҶʱܹóҶεΪǣٿҶʱȴһɲ
رǴҶεɢһȫ𺶵ѹ
Ҳ߲Żĸоһ֮ˣͲĸо
ǾûôĸоֻǿҶξܺöѡ
Сǣ
ɷ̲סһ䡣
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ҶεҲûˣҾͽһЩҵɡ
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Ҷ֪ԼҪ˵̫˳ԾһЩҲ˵ôϸɴһЩҶξͰԼе鼯ÿһָ˹ȥȻǴʶ뵽ǵͷС
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뵽ҶȻԽ˴ңȴǲûȨһһΪʱĸжˡ
Ѵҵ鿴Ҷεŷ֮ĲڵϵһЩ嶼ǲģǵĿƼ֮ڽЩͻͽϽ˴ڵĽ
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239 
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Ҷͬ־ⷽʶһЩ㿴ôɣ
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Ҷ˵ҪƲҿ²⣬ȱʲôȥǲˣ
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˵Żʱһٽźһ񣬵һļ
ǿ֮ɫһ䡣
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Ҷһµǵ˵ҵṹʱˣʵͨĽа취ģһֳ֮ΪĽͨߡ

ҵĿͬʱͶҶεϡ
Ҷεһ߳缼ΪֻҪϣһ߻ֻҪ˷򣬺Ȼܹжȥ
һͷ΢΢ͷʵ߳缼ˣֻΪӰ쵽߲ҵһֱͱһЩֹͽԴ⣡Դ漰̫⡣
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͵ͷȷܹı⣬ǣһǵĲҵͽҪдĵˣ⣬ļҲҪǵĹ
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ӽָóһƿҶζЩ˵ǵǲУҪľǰڵǿһЩⷽĵҩÿһ˷һ֮һµʱָܾܹʱڵ״̬ʱٴµĹ
һ˫۷Ź⣬֪ҶҪʼˡ
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ŪôȵҶν쵽ôˣ̧ͷҶεôˣ
ҶһЦЦôƯʧˣ
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Ҷ飬ҶεĶСһҰС
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241 ľת
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ҶʱҲһľת̣ǲ֪ԼϷô飬ǿȥʱҶξ뵽Լôʱ֮УǿϣھȻһָоķǳ
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֣СӵźܲҲûʲôرı飬ȴ˫۷Ź⣬ҶεУ
̫֪ԼҪˡ
ҶʵͿԴȫͶ뵽ҵ֮УǺòٵԭɳһˡ
Ȼˣܹⵤҩͻá
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һĴս֮󣬿ŮȫʱҶΰѵҩǵĴǰ֮󣬴˳ȥ
վ棬ҶһԼĵ￴ȥʱҶγ˾ϲ֮飬һۿȥǱҵִȥ
ҲȵЩȫ˵ʱԼֿٵȥˡ
ȻˣҶ֪Լʱ̫ˣڶ˵ĵһЩѳһΪҪ顣


242 ̨
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ľݾͽչȫĿⶼͶԼҺĸξݱһ㣬ǿⷽ޵еĴڣûһ֧ܹǿĶ֡
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Ԥû̫仯
һشš
ʱ䣬һı浽һĹҲݾǵָλá
ʱҶθǳ󺣵Ͽա
⼸캣綼ڹע׹ֵϾ֮£ҺĸĵСҲ·Ĵ˵Ƶġ
ȻˣôĶȻҲĸ߶ȹעý嶼ڱ顣
Ҷף׹Ҫػ̫ҪչʾԼļ⣬Ҫľķչ
µĽУĵĸ߲ͬҲйע£Ͼϵ̫࣬ҲֻǷһЩǡ顢йעۣ֮ûκεİ취
վҶεĿ͸ŵâȻ֪Щҵ⡣
ܱߵСҲ浱ˣ
⼸ܱһЩСĹƵģֵ۶ˡ
ʶŸɨȥʱʶдľһЩʮһ˹Ȼںļϡ
ҶڵЩôֵܷĴڡ
ȻÿһδĶжߵİ
Щ߿ȥʱҶҲ˲ɷǵĵǣκԣǼҵߵ滹ŷ޷֡
ȫһ֣ϵľǱĿľճĵЩˣǻɱ
վҶٴΰĿͶЩݵľͺĸ֮ϣ֮ҶҲòڻⷽ滹ЩźܴĲࡣ
ȻˣǾͽ˰ɣ
Щĸ;˿ҶһЩǿװĵĺ
뵽ҶζܣܵӴԶĺһָ
Ҷһָĵƽ˾ĺͻȻȻʹ˛졣
Ҷεֶ̫ˣƽĺ˲˴˰ѾƵòͣУҵ˴档
ˣĺȫǾ˵¡
Ҷεָûؾôָܴ˾޴̨硣
ô£
Ϊбݵһʮһ۷ĸ֣Ǹܵһǿںɳ̨ʱǾ֮顣
ʲôˣôͻȻ̨磿
紵ֱ죬һкʮһҲǺԾ֮顣
ǫ̂磡
ͻȻɳ̨⡣
ЩԤôģ
᲻ڰи£
ʳ⻰ʱҿһۡ
ʻ죬ϻûܹôǿ
һ£СЩ
ǻ˵ôһ䡣
һЩʮһĸǷ׷Ԧն𣬾֮һ
ǣôϿյҶȴǲûܹ֡
̨ҲǺܹ֣һĺˮ˾˵ľˡ
￴ţǿ˹ȴ¶˲֮顣
˭ܸҷʲô飿
˹ʱ֮顣
Ϊεľݣֵ׼÷ǳ㣬ȻҲһҪĻڣǣͻȻɳǿ̨絽ʲô
ûܹشʣԸ̨ܵǿ
̨ûôǿľҲûô
˾ٸ£ǵĺĸҲܲס̨ˣ
˵ʲôǺĸ
˹۾Է
˵⻰ԸܵԼ˺ĸҷһǲܿҷײ˹ȥ
һ죬˹ұѱײϡ
ͷð亹˹Ҳ˲Լ
棬̨̫󣬸ѱƷҺĸڻУǣȥҲܴ󡣡
ʲô
˹ʱˡ
ҫĽӾȻһ̨ʰˣǳЦˡ
ʲôʱ̨絽ܹвĸʱˣ
ʱĸһξ޴𣬿˹Ըоγˡ
˾٣ǵĺĸһˮˣ
˹˲ԼͷײѪͨ۲豸⿴ȥ
һۿȥʱľľˣͿͺĸ
棬ĸһˮû
ʲô
˹ȫˣĸҪû
ǰ˵Ц龹Ȼˡ
ʱһıǵ
ÿ˹ȫŪ׵ĻǺĸβǿٵĳûһֱһˮԱܹ
ڲͣ˽⵽֮󣬿˹ò´һ
ȫݾĸԱ
˵⻰˹һԼڹ棬¶ɬȥ
Ҷʱڸ߿ǰԼֳȥҶҲһɱ˵ˣ̨֮Ҷξͳ̨һҵľŪһˮҪûӣ
ÿһҾ϶ŲٵľãҶӦܹѡ
ȻҶεĲ£һҾϵĸȫû˾˵ӣǱ֮ǴӾϷųһЩͧ
ٿҺĸʱҶͬҲǸһˮͬҲǴҺĸӳ˴ľˡ
ʶԱֱ󲿷֮ҶΰһЩûӳŪ֮ôץȡӵһЩС֮ϡ
ȻҶô󷨰һƬȫסЩĸȫս˽ָ֮С
£Ҷ
Ǵв˾ͧžµľǿһۣҶǿȥ


243 ˵
׳׹Ϊ׵Ͼݽǿ̨磬ȫû
ŵҶΣҶǺƽ˵ŻʱɻؿҶΡ
ҲĿͶҶεϡ
Ҷ˵ҪȥʰһЩˣҲڲ²ʲô
һҶ˵Ļʱûнӵ鱨Ƕе̫ڳԾ
˵ʲô
˵ôľ̨Ūˣ
ʲôЦ
˭Ҳû˵ĸᱻ̨Ū顣
⻰Ҷ˵İ
ʦ˵ȫûˣһͷһ£ôһ䡣
Ҳ˵ӦûҿǶӳˣӦõȴžԮȻˣԮʱĻʲôͲ̫ˣ

˶ˡ
ҶǱдҲܹرģǣ뵽Ҷ˵ҪȥʰһЩʱҲ²¾Ҷθɵġ
ǵҲ޷ôܸɳô飬ǣȴףҶεֶǾ춯أµǲġ
ڷҶεȻ飬ΪǻӦ÷˵ľɳǵľٸȥԮǡ
ЦָҶε˵㰡˵ò
˵Ƕһٵ֪ͨίԱᣬ͹ȥ
ܵҶεѣʱǻľչʾɵʱˣʧȥǿ׹ĸƬĵǿԷչʾںĸ군ˣչʾƨ˻ĵľչʾʱˡ
˵ˣ˵Ԯ壬Ҳ޻˵
ǵս۹ͬһ£뵽̫Ķ׹˺òײҺĸ군ˣĶǾƾͻᷢת䣬׹ɳǿ£ĵĺһԾͻΪǿߣɴ̫ˣҲһܹ׵ģ֯ԱоС
ɷȴ뵽һ⣬ͿҶεʦŪˣЩĸ;أĳˣ
ֱӾ϶Ҷθ飬뵽Щĸ
Ҫ֪ĸĽǻǮһ飬ҶֶŪȻֶûӵЩĸ;ǿɾ̫ǿˡ
ʦ
мͷ˫ۻȿҶΡ
ҶξͿ˲ɷӣЩӶһЩ̼ߵˣûжĵ϶ܹôߵĲΣһõĿռ䣬Ҳ䷢չǲ
ҲԼǼһЩˣ
ҶҲ˾ʱ͸ɴŪȥǵĻɳǳ졣
Ҳ˹ʱҶεҺĸ;ȫս˽ָ棬һһῪһۣЩŽȥȻǻĵĶ
ӴҵʱǿҶεˣЩĸ;ͽ֧ȫȨҪˣҪǮǮ
ЦһӾ͵õôĺĸ;ĵľһ޴
Ҷ˵ʲôʱǿ첽˳ȥ
ʦҲֻкǲŷİ
һͷҶڳ˼˵ôһ䡣
ʦĵĸУҲѰ죬˵һģǾˣΪͲȨ֮ˣ
Ҷβò⻰ȷ
£ҶαֵþͺǵȻ֮ͻصļ
һ鲢Լȥ֣Ҳ۷ˡ
ҶԵõȻȫȴһû뵽鷢ˣôľ춯ء
ʲôȫûˣ
׹ͳǺ۾ǰˣôҲ޷Ż鷢
ͳȷһ޴̨Ϯ֮£ûһҽܹͧ⣬ȫû
Ǻڵȫˣ˺һŴܣĸû
ͳʵˣҪǽһӪȣһҪǵʿȳ
ǾͿȰ
ͳһξʱݵĹҶǵľɳˣһӳôľǸλһܹٸϵľԵ
ʲô
Ǻڵͷðˣξڹھ̫ܵ˵ɣΪѸĹϵŪýھرǶǸȫһƵΪΪϵΪֳ׹ǿ󣬿ǣںˣȫûˣ⽫ʷϴδйĲҾ磬Լôڽ
ΪǸô죿
ͳΪǶĴ֧Ԯǵľܹʱϵ
ǺʱǿЦûᷢչزҪչʾĿģڷ˼ȥˡ
ͳʱˣٲǷҵǵʿǴ˻ܶ࣡
һƾϣǺڴԤ˵ų̂𣿲˵ڼƽ𣿡
ȴǿǺڣҲɻŵġ
ǺƽһЩ˲˵ԤȷڵרְҵػǴģѹ˵
˰֣Ǻڰ˸˳ȥϵһ绰֮ͨ󣬹һᣬǺڲʵǲǰȥƬ𣿡
ǵģͳ¡
ǳ̨ô£Ƿ죿
ͳ£̨ʱǵڿѾѰûзκεߣ˵ˣô޴̨磬˲ݣͲصˣԣ̨Ϊػų
ʲôʱ̨ܹѺĸƷˣ
Ǻŭ
ͳ£ε̨ǵҲˣ˲ɳȻڵУȻ֮һ飬˭Ҳ֪Ȼ֮лʲô飡
˵绰Ǻڵ¶̫ɻ
Ǻ뵽ôһܾܿǻĵ˸ģرǻЩصߣǣΪɱĵߣǰǼ̫ĸƬڿ治ǻĵĸˡ
˵ôĸ֣׹Ҳܻ᲻֧ͣһЩҸˡ
ѵȻγɵ̨磿
ͳķʾھǾ̨ܵϮ֮ͽ˾ϸƬ˵ľԮ
Ǻڵ¶Ц֮飬֪ݵ֮󣬾͵˴ľǸмӣںˣˣӵľһ˾Ԯ
ǺڸףԮҲУǣڻķôľ˹Χĸͬһξչʾ
˰
һ󣬸Ǻ뵽ôʿں֮غʱ֪ĵľԮΪԼøмһ¡
ķϵһ£Ҫǵĺͨ
Ǻ˵һЩмĻˡ
ⳡ̨ҺĸȫƷˣһ׹طǵսͼѾܴˡ
뵽ȻһЩĸǣÿһҺĸԼʱǺƵҪ


244 
طɣ¾۲̫ܡ
һеרҿҶαš
ô飬ϼЩæչʾȥˣҶҲõһµְ񣬾ǰ֧һ㣬Ϊ˾Ľƣв⹫ĻһݣҶθ齨һ֧ӡ
ҲҶҡͷԼ⼶ǲ̫˵ˣĽһҺĸɵĽӣ⼶ȫˣ
ȻˣҲһûи̫İ⽢ӵԱɹţڽʲô飬һҶ롣
˹ҵһֻкĲ㼸˲֪
˵ʵ½ֻкһܹ֮ؼͷǶˣǵĸԤ£Ҳ˿ܡ
ӵҶξͿʼ˽۵ĵص㡣
ҶףԼõЩĸܹһ֧ӣڻ˵һ
ȻˣҶҲԼ뷨Щĸ֮ҲãڲҲã½һЩ죬ʱͲܿóǴⲿõġ
һЩ˽۵ĵصҶ֪ҶεȻܵЩصȥ顣
ǰһϣȫغһЩò
ʺϽ۵Щص㱻Ҷһķŵ˱ϣΪʺϵĵص㣬ҶηͲȥѡ
һƬȻǴصٿһ֮Ҷξ˾
ˣ
ɣ
ҶЦЦ
ȫһߵĺҲñҶοС
ɽͿˣĸȥûκε⡣
ȫǴɽÿһɽͿյĻĸȫܹ诣ԼֶΰЩɽµơ
ˣ֧ӾפƬмɣƬطΪ½
ҪٳۣҪʱܳ
Щĵ˵һ䡣
΢΢һЦҶε뷨ΪԼ֪ʵƼչһ̶ʱǵ֪Ǵġ
ҲԼˣҶһصҪļϵģЩҲҪ֪ġ
˼ӣҶεڸľǰѽӵԱ׼þˣ
ʴӦһ
Ŵ뿪֮һڣҶǶ
վƬϿգҶٴϸϸĹۿһƬɽ
֮ҶΰԵͷ̫ˣ˼ϡ٣ЩɽܴرƬ뺣ĵͿ֮һ޴ĵ¾۾ܳ֡
ʱҶξͽӵ˺Ǵĵ绰
Σصѡôˣ
ҶξͰһ顣
УΪãǾͷɣȫȨҸطкƬ˵Ϊ½ԺǸ𡣡
֪ҶֶεˣҲɴֱ࣬ӾͻҶΡ
УҿܻһЩ飬ʱطܻе
Ȼ֪Ҷλʲô飬֪ˣҪȷԱȫ
Ҷ΢΢ͷòɷűһ´ɣҿмɽɽƶɴΪǽӡ
У
ҶֿһʱɷӵһЩͷԦմҴҶ
Ƕ֪Ҷεʲôۿˡ
ʦôһͷһ䡣
ߣҶҲˣһָ⼸ɽҴЩɽ½һۣҪһЩƣҪȻЩɽ治ס̮
һ̫̫Ծʦ˵ôЩɽһ飿
£ҵ۾涼ǳ֮飬Լʦˣöֶβʵ֡
ҶЦЦҲʵͿպͼӹ̵飬Ϊ̫Զˡ
⣡
һʱֶҶε˵ȻôƽҶλźεȾֶΡ
뵽ҶôʱɷӾһʵ顣
ʦϴ̨УΪβ˳ְЩҲˣ
Ҷξ΢΢һЦЩҵиͲ𶼲࣬ǣȻ뵽ҹֵ飬鷳١
ɷŵͷʦóԶ
ʦɷҵȹĦ
ûм־飬Ҷ˫ۻȡ
ҶЦЦһָЩԶĴӵʱ϶ˣ跨Щ˱ˡ
Щӿ˿ͷüڶʲôˣôĴӣЩӲҪҲգǾͨЩǨߡ
ҶεҲãƬỮɾ½Ա϶ҪߵģɣС͵ĵ𣬽ھͰתƣ£ҲҪʼˡ
Щͽ˷ֹ𱣻Աȫģġ
ҶνǷ֮󣬾￪ʼθ顣
Ҷڵ²ѣΨһһʧʱʧ١
ܿ죬Ƥ֮Ǽǵɽҡ
ҶεʶҲɨ˹ȥŰٻӣŵǵĴȫˣЩǵıҲûԱ
óεΪȫȥǵĴӡ
ʼһƷʱݵҲûȫǾ֮ȫܳʱһƤļЩõķǵȥ
Сɽˡ
£һͷǰѵ绰˳ȥͨ
ЩɫҵĴҶ̾һǵררһҪһƯĴӸǣУЩ˵Ҫа
ʦİɣ֤ǵ»Զǻ鰲źõġ
ҶɽϣҶβһ󣬰Ѵ档
ʱһȥҿԮԱѾϵȻһ˼ұƬ
ʦ֪ͨˣ˰ѴȫȻΪ˾½°߸á
һͷ˵һ䡣
Ҷ΢΢˵ͷһõĽ˵ܹЩԣ֮·
ֵһЩƤǣҶǹһͼһΣҪ˿ﲻڵ
Ĳ𶯣ý嵽Ҳ˼죬ϾﲢûʲôˣҲƽȥ
ʦƬճ棬ͲһʺϾ۵ĵط
ҶŴҿ˿ЦЦǳ棬ƼչһĲΣȻ֮ôӰ쵽Щ
ҿҶεʵؼҲϽע⣬ҪȻóһǼսκһҡ
˵⻰ʱҶξ뵽ããǿյЩʧ
ҵ֮һЩˡ
Ҷε͸˸ɻȫ벻Ҷεжôǿ
Ҷ΢΢ͷ徲ˣڿʼưɣ
⻰Ƕе˷
뵽ҪҶεĴʱҵȻˡ
ʵô£ҵжڳ֮ҲһЩҡܸеЩޣҶչʾĽǴڴ˵Ǿһֹ裬һּᶨ


245 ¹
ʶƬɨһҶЩ˵ߵһ̶Ⱦ;ŴֶΣɽڴһռֶʵһô˲õ顣
Ҷ˵һ࿴һȻ⻹ǴֶΣʲôǴֶΣ
ʦϲܹһչɣ
ɷӾ
ҲǴΪɻĵط
΢΢һЦҶεȷҲԣҪ֪ߵҪ޵Ľӽڤڤ֮Уһڣǵ޵Ľӽ⣬ôͲǽų⣡
Ǵδŵ飬۾ҶΡ
ȻҵҶν϶࣬ǣ֪ⷽҶЬ䡣
ǹŴʵ̫֪ⷽʶֻûȥӶѣ
Ҷ˵ʱڻĵǾ֮
ʦ˵
ұҶεĻˡ
Ҳֻ֪Ƥëǿǵżжһ˼룬ǾΪƣǾǽ֮£СЩݣһˣͻƽͣͻһСŻ˵ľȻҲͬĵľһĲ㼶ڵĶͲ̫Ӱ죬оͰһĵ档
ɻҶҲһ֣֪Լ޷˵Щ飬ĵֻԼȥ˾͵õˡ
һƵܹⷽɫõı䣬òúÿ
һͷ֪һЩҿ̫֮˹ȻòǴ飬һ׽ĸо
õˣߵȥΧǶϲ׽
ʦ˵ĶԣҪⷽ顣
ʱɣʱͬҲɣֻǸֱӵĸܵһʱȴǺ˸ܵҪ֪ܲΪӽ
˵䣬ֻҶΰһչӿͰЩ档
ϸϸĸһܵ
һҶΰջ֮ʵôʲôܣ
Ҹܵһ׺͵
ҷԼеõ
һֺƽ͵ĸо
һ˵Լĸܡ
΢΢˵ͷҶεǵĹѶͣҲ޷ǽдĸı䣬ǣһҿԸǣһвͣһЩΪ飬һЩ츣ڵ飬׶˵Ĳ£Ľ׵ܵȫܹǻ
ԭ
˭½ףû뵽Ҷ׸Ͳʲô顣
ҶνҲһ£ãҲǸˣЩ˵ܹƵĵ·ȥԼҲһִ󹦵µ顣
ãҪʼˡ
ҳ˼һҶߵǴɽ֮ǰ
һҶο˹ȥ
Ҷ˵ҪʼˣǾ;ԲһֻеڵҶαֳֶ֪ҿҪ۽ˡ
ҶȴǸ̾ѣǲεĲͱ˵磬ЩҲܹݽˡ
ֻҶδӽָвͣӳ̴ֵ뵽ɽ
Щ̵Ĵ룬Ƭɢ
󣬲֮Ǿ޷۲쵽һЩЩر򣬸úصӣʵһЩ󷨺ߵֶζѣһͰһ֮أֻҪǿĵطܹǾ壬ǲᶯ
Ǿ޴󷨰ƬȫǣҵҲŸ𶯡
ʦƼ̫ˣǾͷĵһһǵĹ۲֮£
ҶξЦЦ࣬ҰǵǸһΪã
⣡
̫ţˣ
ѾˣҶ⻰˵̫
뵽ҶεʱַǳҶܹ
ҵӣҶЦЦʵĿƼѷչ˺ܸߵļǲܹôţ˵İɣЩҲ֪ʺŵĿռɣ̫˾һֱ޷⣬ԼǳԵĿѧ֪ʶһУǲĶһŷԣһų⣬ⱾͲǿѧ̬ȣ
һⷽкоͷ˵ʱҶһ˵һ죬ʵҲͬ顣
һָ⼸ɽҶελ뵽ø˵ȫһ𣿡
⻰һҿǺܴһƬɽһ󷢴

ҶδŴԦն𣬾͵С
ҲϵƬʲôû⣬ûܹ£ȻˣбΪߵˡ
ǵʶңǿܹپǵԵݣ
˵ŻҶεӴӿȫƬ

ҶһþͼЩɽǱҶδӵ½سء

ʱҶֶҲ̫ˡ
Ҷη·һ΢СƵģֻ־ͣչ
־չһµĲǱҶβϵĸ
ôǵµĲѹȥĵ²ǱѹһĿռ䣬Ȼǰ򲿴ҲҶνչ죬˺ĸܹ˳ĺ
ʱľˣֻܾҶƵ顣
ֻҶΰǽضϵϰزλĳֵĸ֮Щɽϰ벿λһȫͿյɽ壬ͳɽʯֽ˱Ե֮˵ϡ
žͽһЩƵΪ֮ҶҡҡͷʱˣǺҲӦ޷򻵣
߰ɣǽȥ
˵ţҶԦն£Ǿ޴ޱȵĶڷȥ
˶ڷҶεһλòһǾ͸ӱˡ
ͷ̫̫ѾҶξΪˣͲ˵ʲôչʾҶǳһڣγĲ
ҵɽ֮ʱľٴΰסˣһȥƻͨȴָκεĵƹ⡣
Ҷ΢ЦһõƷɺṩʯõ֮Ȼ⣬Ҳڵºô

Ҿ̾
ڴﾪ̾ʱֻҶ̧һʱһȻǳ˺ˮ֮С
ĸ
ȻһҾ޴ޱȵĺĸ
⻹㣬ּҶٴչʱҺĸǳڴǰ
һһŸĵľ
ˣ
ףҶİ˼ǾݵսȫŪ
㹻սͣȴǸͲԵӵ

ҶαֳֶΣֻ̾ˡ


246 һ
ǽȻ廨ŵģһЩԵص㣬һͷɵʦЩ˰ɣ
棬ҪڸǵľǳҪ֪һϸߣûйӲԼȥõĻǾʹ粽У
ʦǰҲԡ
ҡҡͷҶε֮ҲǲϽ飬ѧ֪ʶ֮ͣǰҪ֪ǰ֪ʶڿ඼Ѹ˵İɣǰֻϲܹãǣ֮Ľ죬ǰһЩ𵤼õֶΣڵҲãҪǵľǰһЩԪӤֲõеȫԸһķ׽ͧ
ʱǷǳԾؿҶΣû뵽Ҳͬڽ
һЩ֪ʶ۵һʶҶָ㣬͵˴ҵͷС
Ҷεһʱһ캽ĸѧŸЩɡ
˵껰ҶչǴȥ
λʦֵܽãǰһʦ
ҶȥɷӸпѣԴӽ֮󣬿νһۣ̫ĲҪ־㣬ʷĳ֮С
Ϊֻҳʦˣ
һ̫̫ʱôʦӵĸݣ
ʱǸ鼤ܹõҶʦǼѡ
λʦҪץ򣬾ܹʦʧ
һͷ˵һ䡣
ƣ
Ҷо⻰ܶԣǣÿһ˶µľ޴ɽ棬սҾ
Ҷλص˾ʱһʱͱǽ˹ȥ
ʱ˺֮⣬ŵ˶Ǿкġ
һۿȥҫ
Ҷ֮󣬺ʵѡǸطȫ㣬֪ڿҪʲôİ
ҶŴҿȥʱ΢ЦСҶһ֧ӻ֧ӣؿǹģܹһ֧ӣҾսͽõҪӿ齨
һЩ쿴ҶΣҶʲôʱܹһ֧ǳֻ̬ȣͷǶڴ֧֣ǵҲûзԡ
ҶΰѴҵı鿴΢΢һЦ¾۵飬ĸûˣҴ˴εһҪôһ֧ӣԦͺĸ̫٣
΢ЦµǴ£ͬ־ѾʵΪ˴ٳ֧ӵĽ裬˴δȫгȫǼӣܹܿ쵽λ
Ҷξ΢΢һЦ㣬һ֮λ׳ҽڵȥӲһ¡
ҿҶʱһﶼ¶˸ӵı顣
һ֧ӿɲ˵ܽģҶε˼˵Ūˣ
Ҷͬ־Ϸԣ
һͷ׵ľڶҶ˵һ䡣
ҶЦЦʱȥ֪ˣ
Ҷβ˵ʲô
ǾЦУһºǾȥһ֧Ӳ׵飬Ҳֳ칫ȥ
ͬҲ϶ҶûôֻΪҶνΧѡ
ҶεЩ뽢ӵԱӦøϵɽ
ɽעҶѡڵصƬ
Ǿ͵˵ͷû⣬ίѾǿ
һЩɢ˻ᡣ
ҶȥǰҶµУ
׳ģȫû⡣
µɽڿɲһ飬Ҫʲô
Ҷοһۺʱ΢΢һͷ
Ҷελ׳ǵ¾ѽϣĸ;ȫѷ棬¸һºĸ;ͿͶʹã
˷ؿҶΣҶ˵Ļ˲ź֮顣
˵飬Ҷεһºλ׳Կǵĳɹ
һ󣬺ǲſҶεҾң
ȥҶβͨ˹ʵĵ绰һ֮źӰȥ
Ҷβû˸ԼԼͿųȥ
ʵҶڵֶΣӰҲ˲飬ǣȻ֮أҶλǾ׵Ĺ졣
ҶҲоԼ÷СĻǻһЩܣ׵ķʽнܾͻġ
ܶҶ˵̫ҪˣҶҲġ
ܿ죬Ҷξ˺Ӱҵס
죬ٻӰǴٵӭ˳
һۿȥҶһ㶡
ҶεĿУٻӰγǷ̫õһˡ
ٻӰȻôʱҶͣ˳ӣϴνӵסٻӰ
û뵽ҶλٻӰʱһҸӿͷľҶζ̬ȣҶôԼ̫˷ˡ
ΣǶˣ֪ˣҲһ
ٻӰӵ˼£ٻӰȫʱҶβŷŹٻӰȥٻӰߺӣҶιһЦ˽ȥ
ٻӰ˼һ˽ȥ
ҶһͿӰѵк֮
Ӱ΢ЦſҶε㱨˹
ЩеҲ̫
ҶҲͰ׹Ϊ׵Ͼݵ飬ԼԼֶνһ顣
ӰѼŴͣȫû뵽鷢
̾һڴҶ£ʷһѽ֮ԣȤ׹Ϊ׵ĹƬѰ˼ˣȫûҵĸսӰӣ˰챻Ūˣ
ٻӰʱҲǷؿҶΣ֪ҶߣдֶΣԼҲŬǣôҲû뵽Ҷεֶξ˳ӡ
Ӱ̾ҹһֱ̫ǿ뼸ŲСĲܹ࣬Ūһ֧ӣҾĺܹԴǣǺ£ЩĸôĸУҪ˿ʲô
Ҷ΢΢һЦ֣ĺˣǲҪ죬һЩǿʱҪιһ¡

ιǵĺĸ
ҲҶó
뵽ҶεֶʱҲȻˣҶθһֶΡ
ԼŮԽˣ
Ҷʱͳ˼ҩݸ˵ֵҩǷϴĵҩǶһ£ָһеʱ򡣡
˿ǵҲһЩðҲ̫֪˲ٵĺ²ɳ
ǵһЩŬźܹܿˣ
̸飬ҶٻӰͽǵķ䣬ȻˣҶ˵ǾǾñ»ˣּĸо˵ֱٻӰڵȫ˲ŷŹ
µˣҶηԼǵеѾȫ뵽Լڡ


247 ĸĶȥ
Ǻʱӣ鱨ֳ˹
ôˣҵûУ
˹ɳ˴ԱǷ̽飬ܱߵĹҶ鱨ûκεټ
˵⻰ʱҲɻţǾ޴ĺұˣҲ
Ǻͷ֮ô飬׹һӳȫЦ
ķν˵Ԯɳ˴ĽͧԮǵʿǾġ
⻰Ǻڵüͷ
ȫ֪ξݵĿľҪչʾӾǣڸҵĺĸսʧˣǻĵĴЩгûȥǻչʾһ
øǺͷ۵ĻǷô飬ڷԼĺԽԼҲԽԽ࣬ĵռϷ硣
ò˵˼һƯôľƬ֪ȳ˶ˣ˵ݵĸǷˡ
ô͸ˣ
ĸĶȥ˰
ңһҪѺĸҳ
˹ȥǺѩѰ
ͳ£ŵ˵ˡ
Ǻ̾һ֪֮ľǷ˸ı䣬ҪԼоһ顣
ȫû뵽һչʾϾݾȻһ
ȫųԱʱҵɫԵ
ͳ£˺ĸʧٵ飬һߵĶǷԵĺִϣΪһѺõĹңǲȥϵĽƣ
һ˺˵š
ͳ˽⵽Ϊأҹһĺĸ1ҺĸΪģ2-3ҷյѲ/𽢡2-3ҷǱ/1-2Һ˶Ǳͧ1-2Һ֧Ԯȣ7-11ҽͧɵĺĸӡԱԼ6500ҡ˴ĸӣΪȫսҺĸ33ҽͧԱˣλķȫԮ֮£˵нܻͥǵľԮҪǵľԮͥͻʧȥǵˣͥʮϰԱ
²֪һ֮£ǺڵɫҲһ䣬һվ׻һͽõҲ˵Щ˶пվԼһ
͵ַ³Ҿ֪ˣһ˲ɲһĴ۵ڷ仯
ҲҪǵķֻҪǸңǸô죡
ǺֽźҲЩţôˡ
ͳڵǷǳˣĸһʧˣ۶ǵ鱨ɣ˰˵Ǯһ֮ϣͬҲһƬԺ
ҲûǺڵĻ
ԽԽ󣬱Լ뷨ȫ˱仯ǺôҲ벻׵׷ʲô顣
ͳҹĸӵĶʧЩݹɳĽͧĶʧǵĺѾ˱仯ˣ
һһ鵽ǺڸΣҪЩС׳ںˣû׳ɣǻǿĺ֣ƬǿСǶˡ
ҹɳһҺĸȥǿвУ
Ǻھһ䡣
ͳ£ǵÿһҺĸеĳһķαֻһҺĸڶǣΪʾĺĸ˹ȥЩٵĸǵĻطô죿
˫ϲֲǺȫ֪ôźˡ
ĸȻ̨Ʒ˲˵ʧˣⶼʲô
ط̫׹һսԾߣһжԼԸ⿴ķڷչҲźõķչǣôҲû뵽ǻֵ
̨ԭҵûУ
£Ǻһ䡣
Ǳֵ飬ѧڽо
Ǿǲ֪ˣ
뵽Լѯô֮óĽʱǺҲǲˣΪϸûܰôĽͧߣǣôأ
ͳһ飬Ӻں
ͬһõϢźľ޴ʧȻܷŹĻᡣ
һ°ɣĿǰҪڵ֧֣
Ǻڲòһʵ
ͳĵ̫ǿˣᣬΪͳӦȡȥһΣֻܱ뻪ĵ̬ȣֻЩΪͳ뻪վڶ۲ܹ⡣
Ǻ̾һҲһǰ취İ취뻪ķϵһ£ܲܽڷû
Ҷ̾⺽ĸĶȥˣ
ҶٻӰ֮뿪˺ӰңڵҲܶ࣬رǻص˵֮Ҷε̫ĸп붼ȥЩеǡ
ٻӰûıںˡ
뵽ٻӰǷ±ֵʱҶεҲ¶ЦݣŮԽԽԼˬˡ
Լݳϲ
ҶεϲҲǷǳˣЦζܴ
ҲˣǷƵģҲ֪Ҷθ顣
Ҷεʶ̫ǿˣʶһɨȫܹ̽ûйܵĿܣѼ£ԼһԾҾǺÿһ¡
ϲϸЦݵúã
˵⻰ҶεҾǲ̫ôġ
ͬͳ˷ϴĵҩݸϲҶεʦ岻̫ˣⵤҩ£ܹظ״̬Ϊܴ󡣡
ϲҲһЦֱӾͷȥ
ҩĳ֣ϲֱӾҩ
Ҷοϲɣ֪ͷԼš
ְϲͷҶΰԼҲע˲ٵϲڡ
Ҷ̫ԼˣûϲԶܵõı䣬ҲûĽ죬ԣϲҶԸٶҲϲ
ҶΰܵϲʱһȴǷˡ
ϲû⼸겻ź¡֮Ҳ˳ҲһѣʱҶΰԼܹʱϲȴǷ˺ܴĸı䣬ͬʩƵڿٵһӾͱóһء
ֱԭһʱͣ
ˣʲôأ
󣬾ҶԴٶܣҲûм
㹻ϲˣͻ߲㼶
ע˲ٵܣƶҩϲȫһ֮Ҷְ޸˵Ϸ뵽ϲ
ϲܿ˹ҶҲΪˣʦΪͣԼĶԱ


248 Ƚ
Ҷ˴ɽʱһ۾ͿЩ˼š
ҶεǶӭ
ʦȫµ֪ʶҴ۽磡
ӾϲĪ
ӿһۣŮȻŵӡ
Ҷо룬Ůʱһһ˲õŮˣϧˣ뵽Ҷͳһյݸ
ٿʱֿĸ̫̫ɴһ˵һȥһ»յ
⼸ŮڶȥԵúǲʱȻҲŮ²˰
Ҳ⣬Ů˭ˣֻҪӵǿǳͲܹ򻷾ôĵطҲܹȥ֪ǵǺεȵĺá
Լĵҩǻָյòɣ
Ļû˵˵֮Ҷξվ￴Щͧ˼޸ĵ顣
̫֪϶ǺĵҩҲûлɣսǶ֪һһ䷿ȥȥˡ
ҶʱҲһԼ㣬Щ̫ͧԣǸˣҲһЩЩҵ棬رҲļҺĸһ۾ܹ
ҪģȻҪ죬Ǿ͸ɴһЩΪлɫսˡ
ǶҴڵʲôĸ򣿡
֮ҶſЩˡ
ɷӵǵջ̫ˣǰҲԣڿѧĶʦڵĲ̫Զ
ҶξǸ׼һС͵Ʒ
Ҷǻ̫µˣеҲһЩϣܿһصľ
ҶҲûйǣﲻͣơ
һᣬ֪ҶλָҲƵ÷ǳ档
óⷽ滹ĸҲ
һӵӣͼһ˳˳
˳ҵĿͶϡ
棡

֮Ǹֵĸ̾
ǵŮȫһŮ̫ƯҲ̫ˡ
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һͷ۾ȫסˡ
ʱмŮֱ˹
ˣ
ǵȫסˡ
ȻϡԭһЩӣǣ⼸ŮȫǼŮʱò
ʦ
һŮҶΣ˫۾⵴
ҶҲһǻյĵҩ˵ܹ˻ظѵ£û뵽̫̫ع鵽ǵŮʱˡ
ĵҩ
ǲӣ
һָŮЩ
Ůʱͽвӣģǽӡ
Ůûȥ˵ѯʣһӾ͹Ҷεǰߵлʦ
˵ţʵ
лʦ
Ůǹߵͷ
⼸Ůϵ·˺ܹžɵװóЩ·ȫʱŴŮʱ·ӦΪڴ棬ڻ˵·
Լ̫̫ŮҶζҲЩʧ
һЦҶοЩͷǵû뵽յôЧɣһһ
˵ţһ˸һҩ
ҶҲͿͷǿ뵽ⵤҩܹٽǵʱҲãһ˸һ
ӴҾ޷ˣûеҶ˵ʲôܽЩսķ䡣
ЩôʱҶҲȻ
ǲӵŮҲһ֣һ͸˷֮顣
ллʦ
ӼŮǶҶξ֮ĵҩҲܹŪ̫ˡ
ҪЩһЩƷˣҶֻòӵƷ
һЩȥõҩҲһ˳
Щ˾Щɧˣһİѹװ·е˸ʲôģһӡ
ЩȫһòʱҶҲЩ̫Ӧ
Щ˵ҶεǰҲȹл֮˷ܵվ
ʶչҶǵڿ˿΢΢ͷ˻յ֮ǵҲõ˴ߣһǳͳ˿ܡ
ʦҸоҾҪͻˣ
˵䣬ͼһľӵɫһ䡣
ȥɣ
˵ҶξҡͷЩ˱ݶôʱ䣬û뵽ͽͻˡ
˵巢ı䣬⼸Ҳ
ߣ
ҶδһչǶЮų˵¾ۡ
¶Ƚ٣㲻Ͱƻˡ
Ҳѹֵʱ̫ˣʱ䣬һ˽뵽˱ݵʱ̡
ҶǰǴ˶һͣĸĻء
һپѽ١
Щ˷ɢƬ֮Щǽ¡
ƬǿȫɽХ
ҶڿЩȽٵˣҶεʶȴǵļǱͧ
ҶҪľǰЩǱͧŪС
׹ĸʧȥҲЩˣܹʮǱͧ඼мŻģµľǻʲôĶƬоҵǱͧ
ʲôˣ
ںţϵʹ˺£ܿʹ˱
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ľȫŪ֪ﵽ׷ʲô顣
ǵоУƬӦûʲô顣
ã᲻ַ֮£
˾;һ
ովɣ˴ãЩǱͧʧȥϵˣ

Ǳͧ
ǣ
ûãҲ޷̽⵽
ھʱҶǰǱͧսԼĽָ
ҶβûɱˣǰŪ֮ȫͶһĵ֮ϡ
£ҶβЩȽٵǿ˹ȥ
뵽ǶȽ֮ͽȥʱҶξͰüһҲͻ֪Ϸˡ
УҲֱܹӾͽ硣
һ£ҶθоҲֻԼܰסǵʱڵ򣬵Լһϵ֮ͨȥ
һ˶˳Ƚ٣Ҷοÿһ˶ȽϣͻȥԼܷסǵ
ҶڵΪ鲢̫ܿɡ
һҲȽɺҶδһչЩٴδصǵ¾档
ſЩˣҶǿһ˵ڸǿھֱӹȥ׾͵ĵ̣ǵİȫͳ⣬ʱһ֮ͨͨͨȥ
ʦģ
ҶξȻ˵Ҫͨͨʱҵ֮˵ˡ
ȽٵǼˣҶεǵҵţʱֻܹͻ˲䵽ȥԼעһЩ
˵䣬Ҷδӽָͷų˵õǱͧ
ҿŵ־Ǳͧٴ
Ҷ׼ƽͧǵȫˣҺǱͧ
һӾʧȥҺǱͧ˵ǶԵ˽ǵĴ¡
һʱ֮䣬ҲʼǵǱͧ


249 ̫
ϵ̫ˣϾݵĽͧʧˣţһЩֵõϢɵغȥصҺ˶ǱͧȻжʧˣ
ӵϢĹһƬȻȫŪˡ
׷ʲô飿
ҶڽоֻһǾ·ʱر˱仯˸оһ⡣
ǣڵ֪ʶЩֻΪ֮
ѵǻӵʲôˣ
뷨һӳˣӵǾǲ˵ˡ
׹֮⣬Ա׷׽뻪ģ˽һ»ĵǷӵǿ
ϵĹңһֱظжţҶŪҵŶٵĵơ
׹Ǻ˺óʱˣһֱ޷ҵԼʧĺĸȺεʧ̫ˡ
ǺҪ󵽻ĳõѱ˺
ӵҪʱĵĸ߲Ҳо˺ڵ֮󣬻ǰδеıʾʱʱϵ˼
Ǻڵ뷨ĸ߲ƵģȻôɵľͰ鷳СԴ̨һֱҫĵ£Ҷǿڣǵ˵ĵ㡣
ʲô
õ˻ĵĴ𸴣ǺڷԼ뵽һңЩҲܳǸ߹ĽӴ⻪ôˣԼʾȥǹңȻͬ⡣
û뵽龹ȻˣŪøǺȫסˡ
ʾģ
ͳǸҾúܰҹԵڹ㣬侮ʯ
СҲһͨȻѳﶼˡ
뵽˷Ե飬Ǻڵɫһ䡣
ڵȷڵΣգոͳƳ֧ʾ֧½˲٣Ƿץס⺽ĸչǵøǺҲƣӦԣٲı棬ԽԽ
ĵҪУڹ۶ҵ뻪ĵĹϵ̫
ȷԵڽ¹ҵ⣬ǵõϢԵ뻪ķЭ̣ɳһӴҵŵȥʡ
ǺһͿԱ¾Բʵ֣ʵˣ˵ֽǴ鷳ˣϴεһЩҵƲ֮¿뻪̸òһЩҲҪٳһ֮УҪҹ񿴵ҵ뻪Ѻõġ
ǹԱȥǺڵüͷöԻòУҪȻǸҿ϶ԼһЩЭ飡
绰鱨ţٴѯ˺ĸ顣
ͳĿǰΪֹƬұˣһֱ޷ҵ⣬ҲҺǱͧʧٵ飬ͬ޷ҵ
Ƿʲô
ͳǷ鶼ԻĶΪǷĻ˵ǣûôɵɣУǶԻĵһɽĵط˼أⷢƬЩأǶ޷̽鵽
ɽѵǻĵһܵľصأ
пܣǵʱɳ˼Ա޷롣
һҪŪҸоǸطһǻľصأ
ǺҲеԾĵľǿܹ׸ɵһĸӵĻǾ̫ˡ
ͳǻɻһָ߼ľ¼
һҪ
طǵôôأ
Ǻû뵽Ϊ飬Լȴ뵽ΪѵľأҪ飬ҲôƣҪĸı
ʱҶȴѾԼĹ룬ЩԱ˵ǵǵõЩҸо̫ã˶һֱȽԭʼĶϵͳǵľȻںнˮʵõֱӰѺˮתںо͵ػȡԴԴϵҪڶ½и죬˶Щ߰Ķϵ
ҶҶѾǳΣɷӵʦ⽫һȫµı
ǵõһҺǱͧҶԼԴҵҵ
ҪʲôǿķǸһ£Ҷ˵Ĳһ¡
ܿ죬ҺǱͧͱҶڻȻҶ־չУҵĺǱͧȫõ˸ı䣬ѾԭӣȴǱøлĵɫ
濴ҶεֶΡ
ҲãҲãһʽ˵ûʲôرĵطֻıըͬѣ˰Ѻħˡ
Ҷ˵ţǰǺǱͧеĻͶʲôôѹȻͱһŲװ˽ָУȻҶξͶǱͧĶϵͳŸı䣬½á
һǱͧҶ˵治һʲôѵ顣
֮ҶΰǱͧŵ˺ˮУôҽιۡ
һ߲ιۣһ߶Լѧ֪ʶ
ˣǱͧҰǵĺ˶ϵͳõǷĸҵҽơ
ҶҲҪЩӵֶΡ
ҶΰҺǱͧĶװòЩǶ鿪ʼơ
ҶεҲǻǱͧƻˣԼʱ½޸
¾Ǳһ󹤳ã·𶼱һƵģ˷ܵ
ҶȴǲûйǵԼҺĸҲͬʼ˶Ժĸơ
ȣлĵɫһۿȥڻĵز
Ҷʱͼ໪ĵԪ档
ΣƵʱҶθı˶ϵͳȫǺˮ
ʵˮĶǺĶԽֻһЩתöѡ
棬ҶʱעĹõȫǼڻʽһˮΪĹΪĺĸڸܾʹǿˡ
Ϊ˱һάĿ֧ҶʱֱӽάʱҪ顣
ƣĸĴСҲõ˸ı䣬ԭĻСࡣ
ԼĺĸҶҲо⣬ĺĸȥ֮ϣڲϣȫͲͬ׹ĺĸͲܿ׹ĸװģô⺽ĸȫµĺĸǻĺĸˡ
Һĸ֮ҶЩ˿ȥʱǼȽ˵޷֮⣬Ҹɵöǳ𾢣ǰҺĸˡ
ǸҶֽһЩ޸ģȻÿһ˶ȥЩսĸ졣
ʱȥˣǵϤ̶Ҳõ˴
Ҳ֪Щ̸ϣһǳĲƶѣ֮󣬴ҵĸĽٶҲڼӿ졣
һ֮нͧȫϡ
ЩŻĵĴϣҵһֻ㱸УҲЩš
ʱзһΰĸо


250 һ֧ǿ
ʶɽ˼ˣͻȻôĺҲڲ²⣬ǲ֪Ҫʲô
Ҷεĵ绰ʱȴǹػϵϣ¸ùҲɻ֮
⼸ʶԾӵҲףһ֮󣬹ʾ͸ӲˣЩǶǺеļӣرһЩˣǲĸս֣һЩǾУеļһŪûкĵطһ
ҶΰʱЩˣҲһˣҲÿ˹
ʲôأ
ڹ²ʱͼһӿȻͿӳڳҶΡ
ʲô񣿡
ҶΣҲһ
ʻǳһн
æ
ȫϣ
ҶԵࡣ
ܿ죬Ǽˡ
ǴӸؼϵľˣҵļɺǲļϣ־վ
нʱɨһǣһļ棬ί
֧ӵľʱĿⶼͶнϡ
ǱϼӸԵľгʵԭĸλ϶Ǻܲˣǰ;ܴһӵʺĵطˣûмôҶԼǰ;̫á
رԭںĸǵһЩˣԼǺĸĲֶʱһӾͱĵطҵ鲢̫á
ҪǴҶ֪һԼҪʲô
ںˣ˾ˣӦ˷䡣
нί齨ҹĸӣ˾ҶΡ
ܼ򵥵һʲôҲû˵ֻ֪ôϢȾԼĳǾд˵ҶΡ
˲֪ҶεеһЩȴ֪ǿһǳ
ʵҵõϢ齨ʲôĸӡ
ĸнӣ
һˡ
ĵĺĸһң˼̭޲֮ʹõģһһòˣںˣһӾ˵齨ĺĸӣѵ˺ĸˣ
ȫˡ
Ȼ̫ɻȴҲûһȥѯվֵúǳȡ
н˿ǣֿҶεҶ˾㽲䡣
ʵнҲ£ˣ֪
нҲоЩ֣齨һ֧ӣǺĸӣɲһ飬ô龹Ȼֻô͵ĽУ⵽һҲҶ˽⵽һЩ
Ҷθһֲ֧Ϊƣǣ⺽ĸӽҶΣҶȴ˺ĸӵ˾⼶ȫˣҵн֪Ҷεʲôļ
ξӵЩҰ
Ȼ£нȴҲ֪εͬһ㣬Щ˾֪ˣǿɶǸԱ˵³ֵĺĸҲǷͬСɡ
˼ʱҶǰһ
žװҶξԵ֮վȻȻɢǿơ
ҶҲЩ̫ϼ뷨ԭֻ˵֧ӱԼǸǾĽƣȴֱԼΪ˾Щˡ
Ҷζְ֮û̫뷨ֻһְλѣܿҲپ¡
ͬ־ǣ
ҶεȻ󣬵ǣÿһ˶оҶη·ԼĶ˵ڡ
ҶλһЩ˵ҾһˣӸسҿ϶Լǰ;̫ĲףҲֵίǲ
Ȼûлشȴ¶˵ȷ˵ı顣
ҶҲףⲻ׵ĴӸԵĸλϳû˵һˣˣĵľ˻ǲûκε
΢΢һЦҶεҪǵǣǵЩ뷨ɲأڿʼǾͽҹĸӵһԱǽӵһ֧ǿĺĸӣҺĸʮսǱͧǵĵ
ɶ
Ȼ֪мɣȴҲ޷ˡ
ڴҵ뷨У˵֧һ֧ĸӵĻһҺĸͲˣû뵽ȻӴļȺ
нҲɫһ䣬֪ĵҺĸѵˣҶξȻ˵˻ôĽͧ⵽ĳ
н̫Ҷ⻰ķˣһ֧ӣĵĺͱǿ֮һ֧ӣ׹ľҲ˵ܹԵ»ĵ⺣ĺϵⶫĺһԾǿˡ

ҵгɻ
ǴɽͿܵ沢ûκս˵һ֧ˡ
ҶʱͿʵʾӸ
ʱҲ﷢Ҷ˵Ļסˡ
Ҷεһ֮󣬹ӳ
ҶҶǰţľ͸˺档
ѵĸӾ
ҵȫ벻׻һʲô
ҶһΡ
ͼҶһ˽ȥ
ҶνǶʱȻ⣬һŶӸ롣
һĶͨ
һκ󣬱谵ͨͻȻŹ
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ףĸӦþ¡
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нʱҲǺ
һҺĸʱ͸úͻȻðһ֧ĸӣȻǰû֪ѵİڸ㣿
Լн֪
ʱַһĹߺܲ͵ĵƹ⣬ǣһۿȥʱȴǸûеʲôģЩⶼǴɽʯȻɢ
һЩⷽ漼о͸гԾˣһָ߿ƼںĸӵͶһЩ֮顣
ֵĵط
ڴɻʱһתһ޴Ŀռ档
ȥҵ϶¶֮顣
̫׳ˣ
Ҹ޷Լ뷨
ɽ֮Уһó˴Ӵ۳˴ҵǰ
һɹһҵĽͧͣÿһҶô£رÿһսԵĻı־
ô𾪵Ļһҵսȥطͬһ㡣
Ҷδһ֮˵ͬ־ǣǵĺĸսúˮΪԶ˶ǵսڹеȽļǵЩͧܣǵսڲϸӱݣ󡣡

ˡ
ҶεĻı˴ҵ֪ǰֻ֪˶ģҶȴ˵ʲôˮıȺ˶
ҵ֪ǣô
̫뷨ˡ
Ҷʱ˵ڿʼǽרҵѵҪڶʱղ
˵䣬ɷӵҲԱ˳ǾͽΪ̹١
Դӱ֮ЩҲɧһĻһװôһˡ
ҶûĽڣɴͰѵȫǡ


251 һ
˽⵽ЩĸսȽԡ
ѧϰ֮󣬵˲Ƕ͵ĴһЩʶ
̫Ƚˣ
ЩĸϷ۹֣¼ЩѧҶһͬ뷨ǾԼѧ֪ʶЩǰˡ
ܿ죬ҶͶ˽ŵѧϰ֮С
̫Ƚ֪ʶˣ֪ʶԽе֪ʶ
Щظ˱ֳĸɾ˳Ծ
ҶγԾĻǼ̫̫һòĵ˴б˴ҵġ
ҶξЩͷð벻ᷢʲôɣ
·ζЩأ
ǵ飬ҶԼҲǲ١
ӵĸٵȫҶΡ
£Ҷøɴֱ࣬ӾӸ˹ʣ顣
ˣЩĸӾˡ
Ȼˣʵ˷ܸУǴ顣
֧ӿȥ綼Ҫ𶯡
ʿٵͶ뵽˾ӵĽ֮С
Ҷʱǻص˾ǡ
һǣҶξͱ˽˹ȥ
ôˣ
ԵЩС
Ҷ׼¼ó¼õݵݸһһ¡
ܿ죬ںǵ칫棬ǵ¾۵չ˳

ֱͬĪ֪ҶεֶξˣȴҲû뵽˳ӡ
ϸϸĿЩĸսʱָĻ治ȷǴõģ
ǽ˸죬ھԼרҵӦҲܿóǵĶ
濴ֿ̾һѵðһ֧ӣǺξ庣ϵЩǿ
˵ǵ۽ҲЩʪһΪ˹ķչģͻȻ俴ôһ֧ǿĺ˵Ǽٵġ
ããã
֡
˵ǿҶεԭһĻᱻϳȻǾûϵˣ
׳ǵĺĸʹȫõǺˮ˺˶ӳ㣬ڻҲĳ˼ڣ˸ı䣬ȷûˡ
ˣҲչʾһµʱǷǶιһ
ҶһҲǲ⣬΢Ц׳ġ
ЦǵǺõòˡ
ΰڽӵ飬಻ͬĿܹٶȰ⽢齨ίͬ־һȥۿһ׼
Ҷε׳Ѿίɳȥ֡
ҶοֿһЦΣͱˣΣָ֧ҷģ
Ҷһ⻰Ҳ̫ٶԣֻ˵Ҿ͹һö䱸һЩרҵ˲й
Ҳ֪Ҷεͣ΢΢ͷԣ㻹Ҫˣ֧ӽΪҹһ֧ǿ
ҶЦЦʵҶε棬һ֧Ӳûʲô˵ģ̫¼һǶԸı״
ҶεиףԼʵûǿһʱʵĸıˣǾЩǿˣԼŬͰ׷ˡ
üǿԼǣ
ԼеҶδ֮ԼҪ磬ǻȡһЩ
ǲ֪Ҷε뷨Ҷβ̰ȨʱжҶθΡ
ӺҶβûȥǵļԦնУʱǵܰ
óʱûпܰŮˣԼĺӡ
Ҷεĵܰͬ˾ϲ
ΣôˣҲ绰ȥ㡣
ȻôԵŮˣ
һʱװԵഺܰҶҲЩʧ
ǰסҶε֣ܰĵôʶˣ
Ҷǰӵ˻
ˣԼŮˡ
Ҷζܰĸоȫͬ
أ
ѧ
Ҷβһ֡
˺ܿҲǽ˷䡣
Ȼһļ֮¡
֮ҶοܰһЩҩйݣ¡
ܰҲ֪һЩҶε飬ԼҩҲû룬ͷȥ
ܿ죬ܰҲõһθ졣
ϴ˸ܰʱҶΰԵͷԼѾ˺ܴĸı䣬ǵΪԼļһЩʱˡ
ĸڹΣǻͬҲҪǸһ
ܰ۷ɵļʱ۷ѵ˼
˵ǰӶܰҶε黹뷨ûô뷨
Ҷεķչ̫ˣǶӦ
ر۷ɣڽ̫㣬ϲһЩȦ澭йҶε顣
ԽԽ˶ҶԴ˾ηʱؼҲ̾ԼŮ̫ˡ
衣ҲûˣҶֱӽĳƺ
ڶ϶˸Цݡ
Σ
۷Ҷ
ҶԴȥʱ޷ҶεıпǼеӣڵҶϳŵľһλߵǿ
֣⻹ðɣ
Ҷξһ䡣
ЦЦ۷ɵһ㣬Ҳô
֣زƷȷѾˣתûУ
ܰ˵Ҳͷ£תͣһʱҲõĿ
ҶξóһԼ׼õĲϵݸ۷ɵһŶҺһϣ֯һⶫгռܴ󡣡
۷ɲؿҶεгھӼң
Ҷ΢Цȫͬ˵ϣҲԵҩ
Ŷ
۷ɾǵϿ
ܰͬ棬ҲһЩڿ
Ҷζ豭һڣⶫɲһĶҶεһҪ顣
ʲô԰Ѫȫϴɾ˵ʲôѪѹѪ֮֬Ķܽ
۷ɳԾһ䡣
򲡡ಡ˺ҲκãܰҲԾˡ
겡඼ܺκã
۷ԽԽԾȻףģг̫ˣþˡ
ɻĿ⣬ҶεϾһֶȫĶвβ޲ϣϵЩ޷ȣгܴ󣬵ʱһᰲһЩ־˵ǵĳ⣬һᰲһЩرĹ
ģ
۷ɵ˫۷Źˣ̫֪µ棬̫ˡ
ҲѹҶҪű
Ҷ΢Цĺˣġ
һӣ۷ɹЦȫܹΪȫ׸
ҶҲһЦ뵽ϣҶξҪԱ壬ܵȾӸɾһǵĺŻӵиԡ


252 ǿ׼
뿪ʱҶΰԵͷĸҪǲϵĸı䣬֮ƹ̼ʵһö
̼ǰԪشˣߵĿ͸ӷ֮˵ͿԷ֣֮嶼ڷ仯նĵط࣬ڲϵʧ
ʵҲһƻΪ
ƻˣյٶʧ
ϵЩֶΣҶѾҲǶԷһֻٵֶΡ
ԷҪʹУҶεȻⷽиı䡣
˵ˣǰҶβ֪ʱͬҲϲֿڸвϡ
ŻϲϣԼ޷ı䣬Ǿˡ
Ҷθ۷䷽һĿľҪȫµǳ棬˵ûκκôϡ
ʵҶóͷǳʢУĻܶŸƺ޸á
඼ϲϣƻѵһ۵ĵزԣҪľ跨һ¡
ȻˣǲĶ۷ɣҲǽԼļ
۷Ҳһܹµˣر˵ҵҲҶεͣĲƷȻ
ˣͿ۷ɺܰˣܹܿİƹȥ
֮Ҷٴλص˴ɽ¾ۡ
а£ί쵼ͻǰۿҶҪľǰһ֧ѵá
ʱһۿȥľҶθˣʲһȫλ˲ţ£֧ϸѵЩͧڲнӦúܹܿʹá
Ҷλʲô飬ҽرЩľǱֳһֿǰ飬ʿҲɾʱҶ֪ԼԲعȥˡ
ˣԼˣԼҲ¶Ͷ롣
ʦĺĸɵƺĸ
ɷӿҶεߵҶεߣЦž˵ôһ䡣
ЩһһٿԶ̫̫Ů֮ôܾǵĻӭʱҶξһ֡
ҶԴ΢ЦҪı䣬еĲѾ䷱Ϊ򣬵磬еĲ͸Ӽ򵥣һܹݡ
ɷӾʦʶڵЩĸʵĻеƷʱˣ磬ܱļɲƷ
Ҷε˵òĶߵǰͲǣ֮ؾҪ÷׵Ķ
ɷЦĺĸϣʵҪôˣһҺĸҸоһ㹻ֵĲ
ЦЦҶεĺ֮УľУǶӦչã
ɷӾЦʦ˵öԣ
ҶЩѵѵеľǿȥʱ˵˲ڲϵвˣһҺȫгЩеĺĸͽͧѾá
ɷӵӴĽǰͳ⣬ʦĽ֮󣬴岻ʴԴӺˮȻȡǼģͬشʲôڵصЩװ̫ģʵҲֻһЩ˶ѡ
Ҷѵеǿ˿ѻҲŪһ£Ҳû¡
ȷ֧ӸûжάɱӴľҲûѹ
Ҷβûв뵽ѵ֮Уһ䷿䣬棬Ҷתʶ뵽˵У۲Լı仯
ôһʱܵİ£ҶǳװԼЩڽڡ
Щ룬ҶξͷԼĵռõ˽һչ
һޱ޼ʵ֮Ѿɳ
ڵЩԼȫԴﵽʮ֮ˣ
ǿ׼ˣ
ֻҪЩڵԼԽǿ׼
Ҷε϶ŵĹâԼھЩǿȻźܴĲ࣬ǣֻҪչȥԼΪͱؽõǡ
һĿǰӵ˰ǾͱؽΪǿսʿ

뵽ʱĽȣҶǿչ˴
ŴչҶõ˲֮УҶʧ
ʶȫչӵӴȻµʱҪѴǣҶ˵ѿ˵ǺСĴۡ
ԽʱĲ棬ҶθоԼȫ»
ں
䣡
һ춯Ҷǻص뿪ʱ档
ǿȻԭһƬš
ȫѾȫķſ֮Ӵоӿȫ

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ϷȫչҶοٵںǵõ
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һԼϷпҪ巽ݣҪȻĲϵĲ֪ԼǷܹܵס
ʱҶνһҪ
Ҷ˵ǷܳʱȥˣǣڻصͬʱʱʵҲǸոշ顣
ѣң
Ҷΰϵ˹
ڿȥʱھչ֮Ѿܹ
ܣҶһط֮ȫĽĹ
֮Ҷξ͸оԼȫھҵĲ
ˣ
Ǽĸڽ׵ĳڲѣԽǵ˺棬׾ԽѣҪȡ̫ˡ
Ž뵽ʮҶξԼһ԰˵ʮȥգڿԴ֮ʱԼܹﵽʮ
Ҷ֪ҪǶǿռǿߵĲΣҪ̫ˣԼϰٵҲֻһ΢ߣֻܰнˡ

ϷеչҶ˲뵽ա
Ҷȥ֮󣬾͸оƬռ䴫޴
ܿ죬ǿռǿ
һԼʵǿߣӦøԼڵһǿ׼
̽ŵˣҶβûʲôĶ
ϷеһɹҶϷʱ뵽еһֶΡ
ʱҶξͬеһЩɢʧƬƮ
˾Ƭǿգ
ΪߵĻֻҶΣŵǱһִȡ˽ǰ
شˣ˺Ƭ򣡡
ǰԵúСĵӡ
Ʊ߾ȻǰôСģ
ܵҶҲ
´ôĻʱӦõһ²УҪȻÿһεҪΧ£
ҶζʱߵֶһЩ
ڲЩʱҶεĿͶ⵽ЩϣúãԼȡĿǡ


253 ȡ
ֵļǿߣҶҲҴ⣬·ȫ뵽գϷȫ˳
ҶηһӾͬڶǿǿȴȫû˵˭ȥҶھֲעСһɡ
ʵããǿ̫ࡣ
ôأ
ҶεףԼھͳȥĻ˲ͻᱻ⼸ֺʣ
Ҫ취У
⼸˷һ£ҶףΪ߲Լܹˣپǰ֮ˣĸ֣ԷֻҪһ£Լٲ
˲ֵܹϸ֣Ӧöʮ֮ˣԼҲһս֮ǣͬʱ˵ĻԼΨеĽֿܾһ;
Щˣ
ôأ
ʵҶӵеĴʱܹ뿪ҶҲвʣ뿪ˣһ˵ĿϧˣҲӦһЩջǡ
ҶεĿٴͶ֮Ʊϡ
ѾԼĶ֣ǵͱ˿ܡ
ܿ죬Ҷ뵽Լս
һһˣƶҶҶȴǲûĹǣԼӵŴֻҪܹסϢʱ䣬һ˵ͿȥôǶǿȴҲûΣԼĿܡ
ҶֶξǴˡ
뵽Ҷξ˼ŵʮ˶֣˶ֵ顣
鵽ҲЩԥԵʮˣҶ֮ΪǣԷƵʮǿߣҶλûǵܹ˲ʰǣ޷˲ʰǣһǿߵҶɰ֮ûˡ
ȴˣ
뵽ҶεĿͶƱϡ
һˣ
ѡĿ꣬Ҷβֵˡ
Ҷ̫Լ࣬ڲ뵽ĻǰǸŪ뿪һЩ顣
ôܹŪ뿪һЩأ
Ҷ˼顣
ǸûһľͲİѵĹƱߵҶεףҪƱʩչǾٵʮϢʱ䣬ʮϢԼܹڰ֮չȥ
⣬Ҫʮ֮ˡ
ЩϸϸķַҶҲԼ뷨
ڿˡ
Զ֮ǿһ˱ȻȥȻʮ˹ȥںľͽ֮ˣʱԼͻȻ֣סһӦò⡣
Ҷ֪ҲŲٵֶΣԲãʱչ֮˲ܹ뵽Լĵˡ
ǸַֻʱԼѾ㶨顣
һǾԼչʱҪǼֵĹ
ȻԼÿ費סԷǣֻҪϢʱ㹻ˡ
ѣ׼
Ҷεķ֮Ĺͨǳףܿȡ˹ͨ
˴ܣҶ¾ҪһЩܡ
ʼɣ
˵ĹͨɣǺԶĵطǿһ
ǿͻȻ˶ǱѰҵĸʶһʱʶƵԶȥ
ʶĴǸѾʧ
֮£ʮǸֹȻͬҶεĲ²⣬ȥ
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ҶεĹչ֮ʮ֮˲Ǻһϡ
ں֮Ҷȫͳܵ˹˶ȥ

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ҶεһǱҶεľס

ʱ̫ˣҶ֪Ǹ֪֮ͱؽع顣
ҶסʱȻԶĵطǸǵ
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ʵûжˣһЩ֮⣬һƵƤĹ
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˵⻰ʱҶԼ֪Ҳǰһ´ҵģʵҶλǰϣԼϣŴҶҪľʱ䡣


259 鶼ڷ仯
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261 
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ҶѴɱҪѵϸȫȥҪѼٵУҪȻĸûжʤ㡣

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ҶܰԼţԶԶվһߡ
ʵҶڵΪҪܸɵ治һ⣬֮ýйһҪԭҶβԼܡ
ЩսʿƤ֮Уôǿϵĺ֮󣬼ʮˮͬǵ˵ϡ
ƤɢȥҲܿɢȥҶЩ˹ȥ
ӽָóһѴ󵶣ҶֱӾһһЩˮȫնɱ
װǶѻʧȥ˷֮󲿷ָǱ˻ҽµҶֱɱ
վȫŵ˹⻹мѧͽʱҶһܴȥסǡ
Ҷ߹ȥ֮־Ͱ˶ԷĶš
ѻ
˹ȻΪԼǿǣҶǿߣûκεĵֿ
Ҷô򶨵Լʱ֪군ˡ
ܿ죬뵽˻֮С
ѻչ֮ҶδӶԷʶйȻõԼҪݡ
һٵˮĶӳʱҶεһҲСӻô
뵽Ҷͬ˹ʶ޸ģȫıʶԼˣȻһָѯʱüϢƭЩˡ
ԼͻȻð뷨ҶԼоȤҲһܹӻ淢ֵĺð취
ڵʶ޸֮ҶεĿͶЩѧͽϡ
ЩΪߣǼԱɡ
Ҷͬǵʶ޸ġ
Щ˶֮µˣ޸ǵʶʵѣҲͬûһЩܡ
뵽Щ˿ϴʱҶθоĵҲǻ㡣
£ҶΰܹߵĲƷͼһɨգЩսʿҶҲս˽ָУֻ˹Ӧ塣
˹ҶҲ֪飬޵ɳĮ֧ŷ˵Ѫ塢ĺֵ֧壬ǵϵǿļˡ
ҪͬǣƭЩˣ
ҶǿûзѶҶλ˼ʱѪ֮ɱ˴󲿣ֻ˽˿ơ
ȻˣҶΰǵЩνĿƼƷͼҲչһա
ЩҶθϣǣҶȴ֪̫ҪЩˡ
ĹĻܹһĴٽĵ
֮Ҷλص˴ɽ
ҶһͿĺǵˡ
Ҷ⼸ô飬ȻǸ֮أǣ֮鱨ŵȻҲ
ǵ˲֪ʲô飬ǣ֪һ㣬⼸Ҷ˵ȥԸЩȥˣоҶŹϵ
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ҶΰЩ˶֮󣬴ǾһҺĸļװϡ
ڴҲ֪ҶҪʲôʱҶȴǴӽָóһʱ䷢ֵķɵ
ɵ
ҵгԾˡ
Ҷһ֣ŴҾͽ뵽˷ɵ֮С
ݷɵҶ˵治һ飬֮Ȱѷɵ֮Ūһ㣬Ȼ֮󣬷ɵǿž֮ɳ˲ʧڴɽ
ںǻûзӦʱɵǵ˾ǵǵ¿ռǰ
òɷȥ˵¿ռķ֮󣬷ɵֱӾͽ뵽˵Ǿ޴Ŀռ档
ӷɵǻûдѣԾŪġ
ҶεԲһЩķɵˣҲһֺܼªķ֧õġ
ӴҲҶȥ˲ٵ顣
ҶҲི£ֱӰѾʶǡ
Ҷδʶ֮󣬴ˡ
Ҫʦ֣治֪̫ˣ
̾Ϣš
ҶΰЩսʿͻȫ䵽ϵսʿѾ޸ǵʶԺΪãÿһ˴ֺˣ׵ǿ֯оһܹǿҾĽ衣
ְѵõļһصЩӦǵϸŪ¼֯ԱоǻΪǻĵĶǿ塣
Ҷô飬ǲ̾ΣΪһ̫ˣ
׳ΪһԱӦģڵҲһЩֶΣӦʱܹԻһ£ȴҲգҴ㵽ȥһˣԣ˵ұչغˡ
סҶεֵΪһģһҪء
Ҳ׷ױ̬һΪĵǿŬ


262 췭ظ
飬ҶҲൢ飬ͱչ뿪ˡ
վĴϣҶһ˫۾
ȻҪ壬ҾͲˡҶε񽥽Ž³ķпǧ
һΣòˮȵһѻ𣬽췭ظ
ǰһжʱģ忴ƷııƣٲĻ꣬ʮ꣬ͻ᳹Ϊū
ȥɡҶƽһ飬ֽڵãñⷢԼ֮ǿųȥ
ҶαԼģڷĽֵϣ϶ǴЦݣͯϷ̸һƽ
㱩¶ԼݣҪΪһ壬ؾܹ﷢չʲôĵزҪҶβݾˣ֪ˡ
һలŶܵơ
Ѱһ¥ҶεһˮƷţǿʶΧǵ̸ʡ
˵ûѾȫؾĵˣ򶼴
ǻ˵Ҳؾ˭ǿǿԪӤڵĸֶ£
ԣ⻰˵Ķԣֻ˵þöûгˣ֪ô¡
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ԣͣΪ壡Ϊؽ

ؽҶε΢΢ǺܳԾû뵽ԼķȻܹȵĵλӵôӵ²Źˡ
һǵ̸һ˼Ž·ôߣʱҶθʣ뿪
Ѿˣǲ뵽壬úúõȥһ£չһ£ǹ̫ˣǾûˣһӣ˴Բˡ
ţȥ˭أԨ塢ˮ塢塢Ѫ塭ţȥѵ鷳ɣҶϵЦŨˣһ˫۾Ԩڵ򣬱ĺɢ
ѡĿ꣬ҶֱȥԨһСͣҶα˳ǣԨĵȥ
Ҷûѡ񼫵سǸȥԨ壬Ƚ͸Ҫȫ˽һЩȥһ򣬴һİĳ롣
ԨļΪƫƧĵطһΪɽǣԨ˷ǳĵطҲΪĴڡ
ɽǵشɽ֮Уλ߷֮䣬סԨʺλһصء
֮ǰɽǻֻһССĹؿԨ˷£Ϊľ赲֡ɽֻһխСҪǳѡһҪɽǣʱʮ죬ûд
ҪǷݵֽǧˣ
ǧԨ˱赲ס˵ķ񹥻־޴ʵ֮£ò˵һս֮ԨۻΪ˱ǧʤսɽ֣˼ǰռɽǣĪ
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Ҷνʶ˻֮ǰ˵ɽǵ֣һֱûлȥʶʶڽӽȻҪȥһ˳Լ㼣
նУҶεٶȼ죬ӰΪ˶ģһٹιķ硣
ףˣ
ȻҶεʶһСϸһ̽ȻˡǷǳӽԨ˵İɽˣ˵ǲġԨս״̬УԨصؾͬһӣ뵽Ԩ˵Ȼкõ뷨
ɻҶα˸Ƶ뷨һСԶһôϡ
ҶεʶΪߣҪǰЩǱ뷢ǸҲֲˡ
һСҲ˵һضܣŰɽǵķȥٹĺܡ
ҶӽظںߣĿǰĻ֮£˿϶ɽǣŲȶ֪Ҫʲôˡ
ԼĪСʱȺٱе˺ȻһƬǰͣ
Ϊ׵һǸɫ̿ݸ߸һ˫ϸϸС۾ͬһɨܣĿɨҶλõʱ򣬻΢ͣһ¡
ôˣڸ𣿡ݸ߸ԱߵһʵϴЩĽš
ڸƳһۣҡҡͷ˵ûʲôȥɡӦõȼˡ
˲˿˼Ծš
ǣǾ˭Ҷεɫеѿ⿿ɽǵλãǿ²Ǳ˰ɡ
ֻǺڸ˫ӡĶִһŻ֣΢Ĺâ˸ţ˴ҶΪҲԹȥˡ
󷨵ĵһ֣εֶμΪ֪˻˭Ҷ۷⣬ѾܾûмܹôԨˡ
һС˿첽룬Żʧˣһ΢ϼĺۼȥһָֻƽ
ҶüͷһȻ֮ǰǰһ죬ػǰ
һ̣ǺڸķòŴ򿪵ŻȻɵؾͳǰ
Ҷʶһ̽ȷû˷֮С
Ż֮һïеĺɽĿͬһ㡣
Ҷμ˼СģʶСرܿ˼͵ľʾ󷨣ٵ׷Ǽˡ
ɽŵ쿪Ҷθź߲ţͨ
ڣڹһսǺɽڳһܶǽϸһ㺮¶ֽࡣ
ҶڹսǴûǰܶڴһ̸
ӣôүȼˣһѵǺڸ硣
ڸͬèһ㣬ͷǰ˼ͨһڵأЦ˵ү·˵鷳˵Ѳ߶ڣֻһԶ·
үһ\ľϣڻ谵Ĺâ֮£ЩɳƵ˵ûбְɣ
ûУûУүģҺӰ㱣׼Էģڸظ֤ǼƵᳵ··֪˶ˡ
Ҷεüͷţʵǲ֪˺ڸԨ˶үʲôǣֻܼ֮߶
ү˲飬󲿷ֶ·ϵļţԼǱߵ
ѵЩǺ飿ڣҶҲûа취ЩͬȻǳ˵ļϸ
ˣӣ߰ɣ´ζڽĶү˵һۺ󣬲Ż˻ʾڸȥ
ڸɫ˲ͱˣĿİͰ͵˵үɣ
үаûԴˣٷϻҲˣү˲䱩ŵúڸȶӶˡ
ǣǣү֪ˣӹˣˣڸȥ˵ǿ첽
Ҷεͬһɽ緢һһǣˣ


263 
ʲôˣ
үĸߴͣȻվɫֲͬһͷ쫵ıܡ
˷׷׿ҶΣʱ·ϾȻվһ޳Ӱﻹܲȡ
㡭ʲôˣڸź˲Ͱˣ߶µ˳ûз˸ô˳ˣ
Ҷһ߽֮ܶУ˫һɨڳļˡ
Ԩ˶үǱ߼϶үһĸˣͷϴǵԨˣǵζȱˣ
Ҷβ˵Ƕүǰӻ谵֮г˫۶ݺݵضҶʵСӣҲ֪ôģĵǲС
ϸһүͷ˲٣ҶεʵߣǸոսڣڵǿ߱ҪϺܶġҲ֪ҶβɵӣȻֱӱĳ鷳϶Ҳ̵ġ
Ҷûд˫бŭؿŻڵſŵĺڸ硣
ˣҶε飬һ̨һ㡣
ڸѾŵû겻壬߶µӦһֽĿ⿴˶ү
ҶεͷĿ»ص˶үϣʵ㣬

үˣźȻЦ·ôЦһʵԼϲٵˣȻ˵Լ鷳ⲻǴ
ãܺãǸѾܾûмʶôˣҿүЦţɫһ˫۾ɴˣ緢
ҶЦѣ治֪Ԩ˶ү֪ԼǸʲôӦ
ˣ
𵤵ʵɭİ֮ܶеǱһƣүͬһ壬ؾȻܶ
Ҷ΢΢ҡҡͷǲмڵΪѾԶԶܹܵĳ̶ȣԼʩչ֣ԼǿƳȥ
ΪĴڣҶβԼϢֻܵĴڡ
ȻǻԶԶϵɣսʱȴȻڣҶҲͷװʽš˵ˣʰԨ˶үǰڰ־͸㶨
СӣϸƤģǳóԣһҪ㣬˳ƣԨ˶үŭȫһѾһѳǹû磬˵İԵ
ҶȴȻһмЦݣĬĬվԭأ·ڿźϷˣ
үһɵǣЩȷҶεʵˣȻܹ֪Ľǿ϶ЩУһʱ̲סЩԥˡ
ôˣҶμүû˶ЦǺǵؿڴߴٵ
Ԩ˵ƢͲôãүŰˣһϷˣˣﻹȥͣһ
ǹ룬۵ĹâɢźķүһȻ߸ԾҪһǹ֮Ҷθҳӡ
Ҷλûжֻһ˫۾ȻؿԽԽĳǹԨ˶ү
ŭͬɽһرԨ˶үʲôʱյĳ裬ٴμӴƴһƱҪҶնɱ
ۿƻֺһǹҪҵͷҶϵЦһգںܻƣһɿֲ˲γɡ
ء
һ޴ײǿɢΧ˺ʯɽ
Ԩ˶ү׵ˣ֪ԼһΪ޴飡
ҶξȻһֻ־ץסԼΪһ
һֻ֣
ΪʲôҶοûʲôʵ˼ֻǶذˡ
ʱҶƽؿŶүȴǺ˵ô㲻Ǻǿ㲻Ҫ𣿡
үŬһ£ԼקҶץסĳǹһֻͬǯӰι̡
˲ɵУԨ˶үǲԴĳ仰֮Ҫֳȥ
ҶθͲᣬǿʶѹԨ˵壬ô򵥵Ķ޷
ӣԨ˶ү׵ĻˣղŵſʧӰ٣һſ־ޱȵı顣
㡭ҪʲôԨ˶үɴ۾һΪ־ͨ졣
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷһ˺ڸɵ˵ˣ˵ʲôֻҪѡ
˵꣬Ҷѹ˶үͷâ΢΢˸

ɵģҶαöүΪԼĿܣԺеĴϢҲ˽һ
Ҷɿ֣Ԩ˶үڵ棬ԹԵվһԣԴһ仰ҲҶ˵
үԨ˶үԱߵǸ˽Ͱ͵غôһ䣬Ԩ˶үû˿ķӦȻֱͨһڵϣͷġ
ģҪõĻҲҲˡ
Ҷø˷ʱ䣬ߵߣѾ־嵽˼ԨˣЦһٴʩչ˿޸ĳΪֻԼĴڡ
˶ү£Ҷ˶ү֮ǰŵİʯϣ
һ˫û˿۾ĵؿźڸˡ
ڸ˱ҶοĻ飬ͬɸһؾҲš
ڣҶοˣͳдЩŭ˵ʲôģ
ʵʩչ֮ҶαѾ֪ԨǸʲôģ֪ǰΪζ
ǱϾˣԼͬ壬ҶβɱԱһλᣬԼڡ
ǰǰСкӣǡǡǿѹеĿ־壬תţƺŸɻء
û˵˵˵ɣͬΪҲôǵġҶε˵⼸˶ԺΪףԵûпǺ˵ǣԼ͸ʱ䣬ܹʲô
໥ȥ˵һ꼶Ƚϴվ˳
ǰǸλڸģ˵ԨտóΪԨ˵ūԻôıꡣǼﶼڵųԷˡ˵Щɳƣ͵˵ſ۵
ģҶЩŵؿˣٴοʵ
˵˵ͷ˵ǵģڸ˵ģ֮ݹϵǲƭЩݵġ
ƭǺǣǲƭ̫ңͳԨ˵ʳˡ
Ҷû˵ֻǵͷʾ˿ˡ
ôڸˣʲô˵𣿼ס˵аѻһҶգգ۾һɵɱڲ¶
ͷѾŻˣŤͷһͬСһվǽԨ˶үһĭſ˵ǰԨҪǰеϵʹôһߣʱʱһЩǺһڷԡ
Ҷεɫͺˣһɭɭ˵ãܺãҸᣬԼյģΪСӣ
һƣɵˣһһƨ˵ϣ˫֮ѾЩɧĶ


264 ͽ
ǰҪ˵Ҷ˵
һƣﻹҵ飬໺ű˵˳
ԭүǰģǸʱԨ˺֮仹ûбսȻ˴֮Сģսͣվǿ˵Ĺȥġ
ǸʱӱԨ˶үɺϵľ˸ūͷū飬ŵ˻ܵ
ɺԨ˶үֺɺϵϵ˺ӣӹޱȣһĻᣬܹ׬
Ҫ˵ⷢսƵҲûʲôϾֻҪеӵ˶ȥҶ֪ôһԭ򣬾ǲܳԡ
ϧӲˣҶκ޵
Ԩ˶үǸӣרǸϲĴԨṩΪʳ
ԣүúøֶνʵ֪˴ΪԨ˵ʳΪԺĲ·ᱻ赲ٻȥ֮˵ļȥٵǮƣǺˡ
ôһȥģѾΪԨ˴ϰٵˡ
ϰٸͬΪԨ˰ϵʳΪߵѪ⡣źӲΡΡ˵˳ҶεƢٺãȴҲ̲סˡ
㲻ˣֻԨ˵һѹ˵㶼ĳԵĸĸ𣿡Ҷ˵ȴûż֣ΪѾŭˡ
Ǹ໵һɤӾͳ˹ץźӾһʹһߴ򣬻һŭţӣ˵㾹ȻҵĴιԨˣҪǣҪɱ㣡
˸ǰźӱһȭߣϧǶͨˣûʲôʵǽӽڵĺӸ첻ʲôв
ҵң쵰˵Ҹҵžۣ㾹ȻѾһصؿ޺ţŴžȻˣڵʹ಻ѡ
ǰôһĻҶ΢΢̾ϢһĿҪ壬˭ܹ뵽оȻĿɶ֮֮ͽ
Ҷվǰһ˺ӵţѻʩչӵļȫռ
˺ӵϢҶһ˵ʱȻôۣɱˡ
ǰ˷ǵʵɱ˺ӣֻҶȡ
ҶεͷöүӴָóһѷƥĵݸˣ˵Ѿˮ֮䣬ͽͼϸȻڣҪȥҪԼˣֻԼɱˡ
漴ҶָָѾЩɵĺӣ˵ѹߣˣɱ⣡
䣬ѪпϢɢһűصص˵ͷ˫ֽס󵶣ص˺ӵǰ
ѹߣɱ⣡˶źӰû˵ȻںȵžȻһ£һͷ­Ѫ
˴ڴڵشϢţǵһɱ֮󣬻ЩӦ
ãܺãҪȥҪǿֻܿԼҶεĿͬǳǰļ˳ݲѡ
ʹضҶοֲҿֻܿһתƿٿһۡ
ҶЩɻʵôˣ
˲˼һЦ˵ǰҸоһˡ
һˣ
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ؽľᶨ˵˫֮иݵĿ⡣
ҶһЦ΢΢ҡͷ˵Ҹؽѣڻڱչأôط
ԴЩ˼ˡ
ˣ߰ɣ·עⰲȫһҪˣסҪ˵Ҷΰڰ˵ΪѾģʱ˵ǿԻȥǣٴ
˺л¸Ҷοͷ뿪
Ҷΰǽ⿪󷨣ʶһʱ·ϵʲôȫߣŽʶ˻ǰԨ˶ү
߰ɣȥʶʶƵİɽǡ
֮Ҷο˵Ŷȥ֮Ѿʩչ˱һͨԨˣϵ·ǻԨ˵ķװٲȻԨ˶ү¡
Ѿʩչ˿Ķү²Υȴ·ŰɽǸȥ
Ҷθڶ˵ȴǿʼ˼
ӹŵ񣬲̫ƽʢսϸͽûжϾܵΧɱٲˡ
ӴʲôУһЩͽͼϸʲô£Ͼ˭Ҫȥ
Ҷξ뵽˵򣬵ͬҲ˸ԼȣԼʲôˡ
Ҷ֪Լһ˵ޣֲƾһ֮ڶ̶̵ʱڱ㽫Ԩ塢ˮȵȫܽŵ̨ĳЩڵĹעʱ·͸ˡ
ԣıڰĵʩչżƻȡںʵʱһ
аʱ·күʻŷǰĸߴ˹ȥ
ǰɽмʢİɽǡ
ǿʶʩչҶνɽΧһһУɵҲǰͷ
òϣɽǵķ;ʩ÷ǳƣֻҪǱнȥᱻ֣ʵǿԶΡ
ڼɽǾӸµشţԶһ˷ɽͻᱻˣǲֽɱֱӿǴ󣬽ɽǱ޷Ƶڹӡ
ȻⲿǳѣǾʹڲɡҶ΢΢з۾ԽԽİɽǣ
ˣǵʱм⣬˵ݿܻᱻ̽Ԩ˶үѾǶҶĹۿҪˣǷٶȣ˵
ҶεͷʾԼ֪ڶԼƿǿɵر㽫ÿһϸڶ仯Ԩ˵ģֽϢ׵ĸĳԨˡ
ꡭ
ӽ˰ɽǵʱҶθо崩͸һĤ΢ôһ֮󣬱û˶
ߣȵͼֶҲҪңҶβмغһҪ֮ǰ϶ֵģ취ڵһӵнӽʮ֮ĳǿߡ
Ԩ˶үŷһӽǽԺͣ£ʾΧ˶뿪ŴҶνڵҡ
Ҷεʶͷſǿʶ̽Űɽǵÿһ䣬һҶμһСģЩϢĵطû̽飬ֻǽλü¼
ܿ죬ɽǵ㱻Ҷβ̽жٸ֣ʲôʵˣһ
ȥһݰɽǵĵͼҪ㡣Ҷο˶үһۣ˵
үҵӽָͳһݵͼչҶεͷֱڵͼϵ˼طϸضһ¡
Ƭ֮ҶοʵЩط˽𣿡
Ԩ˶үͷ㿪ʼ
ҶϸϸţһļƻԺг͡


265 ƶ
Ҷڵͼϱ߹ĶϢΣƺǿߴڵĵط
Ԩ˶үĽ⣬Ҷα֪ĴطɽĲڡ
Ѱһεģط㹻Ĵ
ŵͼ˽ӽʱҶγ³һ齻үȥˡ
Ԩ˶үȥſڳȥʱ򻹲κ˽ҶڵԺ䡣
ûˣҶٴʩչʶǿʶչص̽ѰĴط
ȷɽǵǿʵҲԪӤڶ֮Ҷ֪ԼԷſֽȥˡȻڿʵߣҲԪӤڵ͵ȥ
˵ˣҶڵľǲͬˣǿ壬㲻һܹƿġ
Сƿ󷨣ҶνĴطϸظ˸飬ջʶͷ
ĴլԺֱŭңң֣Һ׼Уŭɽǵĳƿɽǵȫ
ɽǲƵѾ̫ãѾû˻Ĵ໥֮ĹϵҲôҶ˲İ취
ҶδԨ۹ڵ飬ɽһѡһסǵ۹Ԩ۹֮һŶӣֻҪסԨ˱޷ʹĽǵ۹ĵؽ磬һĵطؾţͬ롣
ܿ죬Ԩ˶үˣҶȥ˲Զһ˶Ժ䣬ԺͬλڳǽԵԺԺǽһǳǽ
Ҷʶһɨǳطλãͷʵȥ̽һ˭ڹǵ۹ļϸͽˣϸϢҡ⣬Ҹ˴ȥĴתת
үæӦ£һԼĸź֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ǰ͸©Ż龢ԨˣҶüͷ壬Ҫ黹ЩΣյģвɿˣ˵ᱻ˸֮֡£ǾҲʩչ
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ȥɽƶĵطȥҶ´Ԩ·ˡ
Ҷ޷֮ΨһܣҪǲ취õһЩܵĻվǻĸɾһġ
ڴϣȺԼʱʱĻܹūΩūҪһЩ
ɽѾ̫ˣȵѾԨʲôΣա
ˣǰֿڱƶˣǰɽΪµȵ˾סĵط·һĵص˵ǳƥĺܡ
Ҷεͷʾ·ҲҪԼˣҪ١
ԨҲǴڵģֻǺٵһ֣лõӦǾ̵һյû⡣
Ȼ⻹ЩյģϾ뵽ǵ۹
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ҶˣЩҪôǷϵ˵ߣҪôеͨˣɽûԸȥƺ顣
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Ԩ˱ͲбΪϣûǷһǲֱɱ˾Ͳˡ
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ЩΪɽ׵ˣ˶û֪ò˵Ҳһֱ
ܵĵطɡ
Ҷ΢΢ҡҡͷʶԨ˶үϵһ£Ǽʬڵĵط
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··һֵǮ𣿡Ҷβ˿ʵ·ֻǱסģ˼άǴڵġ
·ƲƲֱͣ˵ǲ֪Ԩ۹õ˲ֵǮģûõ˾ǲֵǮģôȻǰûʲôݱ
Ҷεͷ鵹ǾڵҲ֣ڵĵѾΪټˡ
·˵٣ǰ˻ҪأǸʱս࣬춼µ͹ʼʱǱ߻ȼʲôģɵ˺˭Ըˡ
Ҷףﲻǵ򣬲ôĵƣǶԨֿѪȵ塣
ҶûйϵҪľ֮ܡʲô嵹νˣȻ˵ЩһЩ˵մȾ˵ѪأǵĹȥǵҪܿˡ
ȻܿѵˣҶȥĶҪԵ
һưܵ˼ķԣҶλ˻֣ǲƵľƿŵһʬ帯õĶζ
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·һ㶣뿪ΪʲôʱҶȴǸ˸ָٶȥ
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編ƵĽʬ嶼ʰ˳ҶοŰڷǰľ߹׺Уٸн
׿֮Ȳ˵Щ˶Ϊҹഺͽˣû֮صʱ򣬾ȻܵôƽĴǷﶼ˵ͨġ
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ȴڸ϶ž˴ģսķ
Ҷ˫΢΢ţҪԶĶžսžõİ취һû磬һս磬һֻһһ˵磡
Ȼһּѵĵ·ܹˣһøǰսӰ
Ҷκ·Ķ˷ˣټǵĴԲƶߵˣȻע⡣ãΧΧһ˫˫Įʹ۾ǣ²ǾҪʲô
Զһڿٸ
ҶΰһԨ˶үİЧʣվһԵȴš


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̤̤̤
Ԩ˶үǺܿҶεǰʲôҲ˵ֻǽϵĶȫжתȻֱӾˡ
ҶΰŵģԨ˶үڻǱ¶ʱԼкܶҪõĵطȻٳֵĺá
ƶͶĴʣǳ˻ԵѾûʲôϣҶκôһѶʱ򣬷׷׺ؿ˹
ܿ죬ۼ˱㷢˵϶ѻĵʲô
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߿еʳϵ·ʱݺᣬһ˫ǵ۾ǼҲǶ߶µ˵˰Ǵ˰ǵĻɰ
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Ҷλ˻֣˵ץɣöپö٣һУ
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粻ǣ̫ˣҶԼһ˶ܹɵ
صԺҶ˲Ҫ֮󣬱һң鿴Լڡ
ռľʬʱ͸ܵмΪ΢ܽԼ壬ֻЩ̫СˣСԺԲˡ
ɵʼʳ·ʱһһԽԽԽԽŨܱԼڽ
һֱңܶԴԴϵؽС
ЩܵǺܶ࣬ɽȴǸʼܹҶڵ˵ĸջܣⲻһֵø˵
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ϱѪصҶβЩԨ¶ҩѾǲˡ
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ʼٸߣڴԺﰲĴţƺɽǷһϵûС
ֱͣҶμֵѾûĻʿкԨ˶үһѵĲƸ˵ЩõȻʳʣЩõ취֣ȥǱߵƶ߳׵ظԺҪסǱȥ
үһ㶣ȻҶΪҪȥֵطסɻʵʵȥˡ
֮ҶȻ·һȥƶߣЩ֮ˡ
ҪҪԼְЩ˻᲻鷳ϾôҲǴ˳档
˭ʱûгԼ鷳һĿ˸ĶԼһ֮뿪
ƶߵ˼Ҷγ֮󣬷׷ǰкҶҪĳƺ٣ȴǱشˡ
Ȼе㲻ô˳Ҳܲôˣ޷ǾһƺֻҪܹõܾ㹻ˡ
죬Ҫһ·ݣĸһ㡣ҶЦе˵ȫһϺ˵ģ
Ⱥбһ˷ܵĺƶߵ̫ҪְˣǱͲȱ첲ȶûĶѭ֮£ö֮ƶֻøҡ
յǸֳˣ˫˸ǻ۹â۾Ҷο˰죬ſʵˣشˣܸǣΪʲôҪ𣿡


267 ع
ƶжǱǣֻҪ˻ûԸģ˵ˡ
Ҷβͬˣ˴Ǯȥƶߵ˸ⲻòǻɡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦͷ˵λ֪ǻʲôôֻǲԸ⿴յ˺ΪҸô֮ȴû˹ʡҺģʹ
شˣǺˣǶ֪ǣôĿܹܵ𣿡ǿʵѾĥˣʵ黹Ҫʵġ
ƶ˺ܸǲ٣ǵͬŵǣǲ֪˽Ӽõܹάֶãֻһʱ;ȼõĻԺأû˽Ӽ֮»صԲ㣬ҡ
Ҷ⻹ûпǺã˴ĿǿٰɣϾôķܴ󣬺׾ͱ˸סˣһҳ˸˿ùľˡ
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ҶεͷȻôһε뷨ŵķչԼƶһЩ
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ҲǶǵһأ֪ԼҲôˡ
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ǵģԨҲˣȻΪӦԨΪУս˱ϾʣµĲЩƽͷϰ
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ֻ·ýе㲻һˣȻ˵ﲻһָоǵĵȷȷڵġ
ãǰƵƶ߰ɡ˵ôһ仰֮㲻֨ˣʶɢٴνɽǵ˽˸һ
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үǰҹˣԶƶߡ·ŵطˣæѵ
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268 ŭ
١үȥʲôŭҵ˿ɲǡ
·ڵʵ¶һӿ־ı顣
üͷһѰһԺеļ䣬˽Ϊ·ı֡
ŭңɽΨһĳڰɽǽɵĵһֱڰɽǸ˵һĴڡ
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ȻƶߵǿģϾ˾˵Ŀĸͳ߶ͷ۵ĺܣȻЩڲˣϾûнǿɱ߸ϳȥҲ˵ùȥˡ
ţʶŭҵ𣿡Դһ뵽һеİ취˵ŭҵŰ裬㽲ǾͲҪˣֱյġ
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ŭܼҵɴ۾һǰֻǸûжϢˣԼвǿˣҲˡ
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ŭܼ֪˵ʲôҪ˵ʱȴǷԼͲܶˣ̧ҲȻʧȥ˶ĿȨ
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үˣȥšӦûʲô飬Ļܹŭܼʵ˵Ǹųճ飬Ǻ˽ġ
˻ȥˣֽˣ·ƶȥ
ƶ֣ѾǰǰˣֻҪǻܻĶһæԼȱͲ彨Լļ԰ȻƣȴŴδйĲЦݡ
һ㱻ǸΧסˣһͺšشˣشˣЩ˼ˡ
Ǹ𣿿²ǰɣϵԨʵ̫̫ˣ߻Щ˵ѡ
˼ңݶݵĲ˰ɣһЩæӦԨ˶үѰİ֡
ͷмؿ˵ش˰ллˣллˣڲ˰
Ӧһڶ˵Ĵת
Ȼưܵƶߣƽɫ֮£һ궯ࡣ
ò˶ãͻı䣬磬ͻı䣡


269 
ڶ˵¿ƶߵߵʱ򣬾Ϳ·һ̶˹𼱻ǵ˵٣ŭܼء
˰ʾԼ֪ˣתͷŶ˵˼ңߵͶˣˡ
л˵Լ飬ȻҪĵġ
뿪ƶߣ˳ķŭܼһ˳
·ϵʱŭܼȻүѾˣƶȤȻ⣬Ƿǳ˵ġ
ͷŭҪǲǲǼٵģ˰ƶһƬĵطܹһĺôӦŹ֣
ܿ룬һʮɵĴǰͣ
٣룡ŭܼҰ˸ƣװʮò˵
ͷʾ⣬ž˷ŭܼһȥ
̧ͷһŻ֮ϵġĴ֣ʱоһѪսϢ
̲סеԾˣܹд鷨˾Ǿս²֪жҪȻǾԲƵġ
ܴ󣬺ɣﻷŴָ豸ȫߵģ̲סҡͷŭҵܹʡһȥƶߵһ£Ҳֲװ׬ô֮
ŭܼ߹հ˹գǽĴ幹ɸ˽˸һڼǲһ󷨣岽һڰﻹ˫۾ʱ̶ųһиʲô紵ݶģ
һŭܼҰºȲȺ˵ǳڴʲôϾͻ
Ҳż֪ǳϰȥõֶΣڰڼӣɱɱ硣
ԼĪյĹ򣬳ĸǰ
شˣǲ˼õ˰ɽǵȽ϶࣬ƫƫˡ˻ûеˬȴѾ
վϴźƵЦݣһߴӰֺʩһЦǺǵ˵ˣҿƷһƷϺòҶ
ŭЦţһԻĿţԹԵλϱߡ
£Ҫһ£佱佱ݻʱû뵽ŭȻֱӿʵشˣҵȽ϶࣬Ǿͳ˵ƶʲô뷨
þ˰
аһ䣬ŭȷǸȻеǸç򣬿ܹλ˰ȣ϶мˢӵġ
ȻԷֱӵģ촰˵
˵·ɽǣƶߵʱǿЩˣԾ;ʩԮϾ̫࣬ƹŰɽǵˣæĹԣҾóƶ߷ŸңЩ˺ǿطʵʵ˵ҪľƶߵֱӹȨ
ŭüͷɻʵشˣǶˣҲͲϻˡƶȫǸǮĵطҪʲôؼһֱó̵ģ˵ûʲô뷨ǾԲŵġ
һЦҡͷ˵ʲôס˵ʵƶһܹеô
ŶʲôôҵǺ֪ŭǺʵƶ߼ÿ߹صĳжУһֱÿͷ۵ĵطֲ̫ܰˣҪȻͷġ
ԣһа취̲סЩСˡ
վ˫۾˵ҿƶߵغ
ŭˣҪ˵ƬռصǻпܣϾܹõĻԿ׬һʵ룬ֻҪķ̫Ͷʰˡ
ּôһͲһˡ
شˣûпЦɣ˲ǲУʲôôҪܹõĻˡŭڶԼ棬ͱе㲻ˡ
һЦ˵һҪż˵Щֻǲһˣ飬ǿġҿеģ飬ʲôˡ²˵
ŭ˫棬ŹЦ˵ؼ˹Ȼ۹˼ˣҲò֪ǣҳܹõʲô
뷨ܼ򵥣ƶ߱Ǹ̯ӣԸȻǺһܳɰ񣬶û̫ʧһҪǳأ͵öԼһЩôˡ
ȻһƬһʽи죬Ȼ˰õ˵ǽ˳
˰ҲǳһԴˣ廨ŵ˰յó׬ø
ŭͷϵȻûзɣڿǷֵȥ߻ǲܹٶһô
һЦ˵ŭӦ֪ȥƶ߿ҪǮƵģҪȥͶķǳ࣬޷˰յĻҲûа취ˡ
㲻㲻Ҫôаɣӻȥˣ㵽ʱܹõʲô
򵥵һмȴһıֱ˵ĸŭҪǲǾ£ǮҪҪ
Ȼŭ¶һӺ˲ʧӰ١
ش˹ȻǴ˰ܹΪǰɽǵİЩ£Ȼûġңһһ·̵ƣֻҪʲôҪ;ܸҹܼ˵ҶᴦġŭǸʱڱϣֱͬ
ҾƶߵǸлˡŭ΢΢˹ӡ
⵹ĸлŭҪŭôʹ죬֪ˣֶΣƶȦӲܹȻȥƶߵ顣
ɽǵƶֻһԵ㣬ֻҪܹãԨ۹һſŵĶӣڹؼʱ̷ӳá
ŭǸеˣ̶֮󣬱˵һ飬ֱʹܼңˡ
ȥŭЩЦãʲôƢԼǮȻյĴ
үҲҪ룬Ƣʵǲġŭܼҿ˵
ҲԸǼһн˵ŭܼңƶߵ»ҪϵһЩˣһ·ȥϵģˡ
ŭܼҰ˽ͳ֮󣬾ȥϵˣԸǾԲҵġ
ȥլԺдһƶߵĸƻ·˵˾ΰţլԺʮ֮ȥˡ
һۣ˻˿óǮƲ£һʶƶУһʲôױᴫݻ
һ죬ʱסˣŭվֱƶ߶ȥ


270 Ĳ
ƶУһȺ׳ƶڶš
ӺȻ˫м䣬˫۱ضһȺ׳
شˣǿоˣ
شˣǾͲˡ
شˣǰɣҪǵʡ

ƶ˵˽ȺΪζ
Ǹش˰ǺǣһΪʲôأҿҲôΪ׵һм˵һӣüĸһ̺ۣԵʮ׺
ʲôˣƶĵط𣿡üͷţɱˡ
ӹһЦӲм˵СӣΪ˭еǮҸ㣬ƶŵģҪﶯ͵ТТүң
ȻˣⲻǵϵĵƦåû뵽Ҳ
ʵ˲ʲôطеģͬĻ˲ͬĵƦåϵֻЩ¶ݵˣһЩʵ߰ˡ
֪ʲôѵûнӵ֪ͨ𣿸飬³ȤؿŰӣȻеʲôı
ʱûƶ鷳ոˣҪ˵ûе۶ӣŵġ
һټйټҵĹأҵĹأ㲻ҪЩûõĶ˵ƶߣ
һҲǣƶ߱Ǳĵط˿϶飬Щå˵ĵҲʵ
ãܺã͸һɣͷһ˿Цݡ
Цڰӿˣˣˣ
ӵ°ͣߺ˵нҪ˹ҲҪҵڼ۸Ͱձļ۸ˡ
𣿡ϵЦԽԽŨˣɽǰ̫ˣȻ˸鷳ҵԼԴϡ
̫ͷ϶Ǹ°
Ӿϵǰļѹ˵ֵܣǮһ׬ԼһҲôĵطи㣬Ǹ𣿡
һЦ͵һƾ˰ӵϣžһ󣬰ӾȻֱӱ޴ȵ˵ϣӲĵ涼ҳһǳĿӡ
ȿȿȣ
ҵĿţŭؿû뵽һʵôߵȻʵûв²⵽ʵֻǾ͵Ϯ֡
ɣӸӵӶˣ⻹飬ҪȻֱӽ𵤳ڵԴˡ
ʮͳΧˡ
һЦֹЩҪæƶŭȵ֮Ҫһƶ񣬾ȻȺӣҲɱԼ˵ȥ
һ䣬ֱʩչɱʧԭأһ̾Ȼһ׳Ȼ̽ڲ֮ϣһ۷ǿ߱Ǳɱ
һնɱ֮ͣӿٵƶţ˫˫ÿһζһɱʮȫһ߾ڵϵʬ塣
žž
ϵѪˮһָ˸ɾס
ǻſڵϣѾɵ˵İӣһЦƽʵʣղŸ˵ʲô
ûûʲôʲôû˵ġҰɣﻹиղŵ򶨣ƾ𵤳ڵʵû취ôˣˣ˵ʲô
оԵذܹһ˲͸ɵ
Ŷղ㲻ǺôˣǵЦɣ̧һһŰ
ɫ԰ֽ߶µ˫ȵŵȥԴҡž˵󡭡ˣҰɣҲˣ
ǳź̾Ϣһ˵Բ֮ˣ˻ᣬΪʱ򶼻ȥǹĶ᲻ͣɢվǸ
һ⻰ӵɫȻǺˣ֮¾Ȼĵվҡͷ˵㲻ɱңǳġ
꣡
ϧĻѾ˵ˡ
Ȼ˵ֱ꣬һֱӽԴıˡ
ӵһ˫ĵ۾ֱͦͦص˵ϣûΪʲô˵Ļᡣ
֣תһƶ˵֮ľЩ۸СĲǾȻעҾֶֻܲˡ
Ƕǰǿƺ͵ǵ˵شˣ߰ɣǳ˵ĶӣһֱڰɽкаԵû˸̫ɱˣǳ϶ǻ鷳ġ
ݸƶһЦݣָŵϵʬ壬˵Ѿڳ̶ˣƻǰɽǵĺ£϶ֳͷģҰˣҵ鷳άң
˵ʱЩܣĸԶɽǵ˶ܹԼķˣ֮ˣƶߣ¶ӵ³ǵ³
ţʲô
ɽǵ˴û˵Ǿ̵ؼҲǳƺΪؼң̡
Ŷ֣ǵһαȫǵ֪
Ϊ֮ģɽһжҪŷչ̵ֻˡ֮ǰҲ˵Ŷֻ֣ʱֻΪƶе֪֣ʲô˼ȴס
ɽǰôһ˲䣬ǻָæµ֮СֻڿլԺ֮ڣֱȥžʲôشǺҲ
вǿʶ̽ʵֻǵʶ֮󶼱˻ȥʵжǿģǲģ
Ȼƻȥʶû˶һжָ·ʲôûз
֮һȫװĳϮƶߵڴΧɢǿҵɱ˲С
Ȼмȥһӻ
ĵûƶǰǶ߻ŵ˹ߣغ죡شˣ߰ɣסǣǶģ
˼ңİɣǲһ鷳ġһЦǿʶչļٵ˰
һӻгһˣɫжһƤֽűǸ
ͼıƶ棬Υɽǹ涨ֱٻɱʵӦԴû顣
ֱ֮Ӵ뿪ˣһ仰Ҳ϶˵
ʱվһȺƶȴɵ۾Ǵûм鰡ʲôʱ򲻻ˣ
Ǻǣŭǻ£ӽӦò鷳ˡһЦҲǷ


271 
ŭ˵ǰɽǵİڣ˻ɱ˵鲻׷ﻹ鷳⵹ʡ£Կƶ߿ٵĸĽˡ
ƶߵ鲻ȥˣǵøԼҵϾɽΪ˻Ԩ۹ġҪΪȡþ޴ܣ治ɽǷչԨ˵ľá
Ԩ˶үֱ˵ؿʵ˸Ԩ۹ϲͽΪʳ֮⣬û顣
ˣСĻһЩϢȻ׬ĲǺܶ࣬ǿ˽ԼȦӡү˵˳
ͷү޷ǾϢϵһЩɱ֯
ҵǿԽһɱ֯ģʽ۾һûǾҵɡ
Ϣôռģôж٣ʲô˻򣿡ԼһԵ˵˳үԼһ顣
үཱུ˵ͣԼʱ˵꣬ʱѾ뷨ϣһϵͳĲ
ãܺãҸһͷΪ߲㣬һȺˣռϢָֻҪܹǮϢȫռУҪԨ۹ǵ۹ڵϢסһ㣬ǮԶ໨ϢһҪ׼ȷһҪܡһŽԼļƻ˶ү
үȻ˻һ㣬ķӺܶ࣬ΪҲܾټһֱϢе˵Ҳûʲôѡ
˱˴˽ţү׵ĵطһһ˳Ǹݵϵɱ֯ģʽһһ
һʱ󣬲ⶼˣǸ˶үٵǮƣȥ
֮󣬶үȻʵˣ֯иְͺ͵һֲźȥƹñ֪֪ԽԽ࣬׬ǮͻԽԽࡣ
֣ͷҲǺͬġ
ĥһ£Ŀ⿴ڵĽ谵޹⣬˶Ļǽ̸ݽһ˿ҵı֪
ͽɣռϢ˾ǲڰӰӣֻв˷ֵϢŻʵġ˰˵ֵ廹и⣬ֻûбҪү˵ˡ
ǣˣ϶ˣһȥŵġүӦһȻʩչ˿Լ˼άڣҲˣʵ̫ˡܹúû죬Իıںǧ
˸߲뿪Ԩ˶үһΪ壬ҪԼܵȥ飬յʵԽ࣬ԺͻԽɡ
רע뷷Ϣ֯Ǻ뷨ġʲôʱϢԶΪҪΪֵǮĶһٵϢһսӮϢǶ˵һĺô
ԼҲףԨ˶үһĽչҲҪ֡
к·ʵɽûмϸͽ֮ˣ
үʲôǿɶһЩ֮ͽ·ûлشԼ⣬ôһ䡣
⻰ߵϢ̫ˣüͷһȤʵ֮ͽΪʲô
ϣүǲ֪˵ǳڵжԹţԸָݳ֣һ˷ҪôԼҪôǱ˵˵ܺúû˭Ըȥⲻɱԣ´ĺܣһ˶ǡ·ͬһ˵ϵıʮַḻļʶһ
ǺһЦ˵յϢܶඣ±˼ҷɱ
ȻܶడҶ֮Ĵܣ˵޷ѵʱ򶼻ὫԼĻǵȼˣֱһм䣬ñ˷ȡˡ·Լ˵鰤˵ţȤ㣬ֿ۵үǲ֪ǶһװܹǱ˵ģҸͲ鲻
Ŷֶһ㶣ⲻǸıֻǿ϶Ʒڹܿ϶Ƶġ
·æŪ˵үһԶıֵܣһʲôݾˡװ˵˺ֻܴܻһΣǿб任ĻΪģһ󾳽簡
⻰ȻˣƷЧҲǻƵģԼıҪ̫ࡣ
ЩԽԽȤˣʵҵǸ𣿡
үƽҲûү֮ǰ棬˵Լݾڼأ˵˺صˣûˡҪҵĻҵ·ظ˵ɱ֮ǵûܵ𷣣ʲô¶ûУͶء
΢һͨȥƶԷĻ»ݾߣñע⵽ԼΣա
ԣȥһˣҸʵĻģԷס
ڴȥڵĵطȥɡ˻֣վ˵˼Ȼ˻ģԸô鷳ԪӤڵĸ֣ƾʶǿһܹѹˡ
·Ӧţǰߴ·һȥˡ
·ϣ˽⵽Է֣Ǹ۷ĸ֣ƽٻֻҪʱסԭ·ɭɭġͬȼĸȥȥ鷳ûֱ֪ͨӲӲر˰
Ҫֶûжһ¡
ͷ־ܹ˴ɰ󷨿ûбĶˡ
󷨣ǲ£ǿҲסʶ̽⣬кܶ෽ƽ⣬ܹöԷ޲
󷨶ֵʱһͷð˳ðɽп϶һ󷨴ʦﾭӪ˶꣬󷨡
ԽԽƫȻӳ˳Ƕͷĳǽϡ
·ʹһɫʶ˵үǰǸͺͨԺֵڡǻǲҪȥˣ￴ͺãñִݾˡ
ͷֱŲԶһ¥ȥүãȵò衣
·ﻹܲףæǰߴ·ţȥƹ׼õĲҶź
˷羰õ¥ڿߵİǰɢŨĲҶȴһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ʶɢȥڵԺʶ㹻ǿֱӽԺⲿˡ
ţȷ󷨵Ĳһһһ󷨣ѹ׵޷롣ͷżһԽԽȤˡ
ϸЩ󷨾Բһ۷ܹóģΪڲõ󷨸ͲԪӤڸֵϢ֮ԪӤڸֵϢһǸʵۺļһ
ʶɵͻһ󷨵ûоκ˵£Ժ
Եһ㶣̲סҡҡͷ벻ȻǸаˣ


272 
ƽ˵һ󷨣͸ܵԺߴѪϢŨͷΡ
ʶɨһȦȭͷ̲ס߬ɫţʵֻ˶ˡ
·ɵˣ֧֧˰죬Żشһ治֪˵ǳ󣬼ǧˡ̫ˣɽ֪Ĳ࣬ҲǺܽҲ֪ġ
ף·ܹҵֵסѾܲˣҪ̫߰
үԺʲô·㣬֪϶Ƿʲôʵ
ˣ֫⣬Ѫһһٵ˵ϵɱŨ
·һǰɽǰڳ飬һ˽ܵնɱ
ɱ˻Ԩˣ߸ûˣҪǾҲͰˣõ˾ȻƶߵЩƶ
Ǵһ㣬ҪǲܹܣԲġ
УĹǳ࣬ûѪȴǲ࣬ôȷǵ˾캦飬ȥûѪȡʵ
ҲĹ涨ѪпΪɵģƫƫ˾ǰȥõĻͽƶߵˣ
ٵȴˣǿʶֱٵķʽȥƽ󷨣Ҫֵ®ɽĿʲô£ô캦顣
ڶ̶̵ļڣѾƽ󷨣мĺڴԼ㡣
ʱƽٶȴȽ󷨵ǿ˼صĺܣõĶһЩĲõķӣҪķѲʱȥƽ⡣
ۿֻʣ֮һˣһȴǴˣҪƻҵˣԺһ
ʶһʶȻѾˡ
ãһӦ֮󣬱·ȻȥԼһ˹ȥ
ΪλȥΨһĿܿ¾Ϊֳʶǿֻн𵤸߽װɡ
һȻԺſڣһŻԼˡ
˵ֱС
֨ѽ
ŹرգӰɭɭԺ֮С
һǲѪĳӣɫǧ꺮һԵֱǺڡ
һò£һӰУʯ֮ϣ۾
˫֣ţʶȴڿٵԺ䣬ྪ˵ܡ
˶ǲ˵һվţһţ·һ㡣ʱҴţһʱ˲Ż۾ԵɳƵʵ̽ҵģ
ǣֲǣ˵Ѿϵɱһ˼Сġ
Ǻǣҽ֣˭˹Ȼ֣ʱſĳࡣ
ŨüۣͦıȴЩͣǴһź룬ʮֵۡ
㣬ԽһЦȻ˿Ҳ
ְ˵и˺ͽһǸóαװ仯ˡǺɰ˫һǻָؿ˵
ͷŹ¼Ķȥˡ
ӦΪЩƶİɣƶߵ֪ǸĵˣʱĻĸ졣ֵЩˣԾȻʲô鶼֪
Ҳ󣬵ͷ˵ֹȻΪ˼ְĺܡ
ƶ֮ˣΣǰǰѰˡ̧ͷ¶һ˫ӣݺݵضʱҪԵĶǡ
֪ҲΪģҶ󷨺ȤԴתţһת
ֵͷȻصߣǿռʶı˰ˣʦȥ̫ˣҪȻЩСܹƽġ
ʦѾˣ
׿˫ĵжԲ˵ΪѾȥ󷨴ʦϧѣţ˵ǿԽһ϶вջģǰû뵽Щ²õ뷨Ȼõ֮С
ʦϣҷŹ㣬ûˡɳƵٴðȻ
һЦ֣˵Ǵˣαضһ٣һûа꣬Ȼ뿪ġ
˵ɣҪʲôϢüͷǵԼˣǰʵ֪ǳȻԸⷢͻ
⻰̲סˣһΪԼϢİ
ѹ֣ѹ˵ôйϵĻ⡣
Ȼ˼Ҷ̨ףֵɣ֪۹Ϊϸġ
Сӣһ𣿡ֵɫһ䣬˫һĹâ˵
һ֣ᡣ
һ̣˾Ȼͬʱˡ
˫ͺһ󷨣εذסˡԺ䣬һ㵭ס
ͷ̾ʦȷǿͲ̫ˡ
Եļλ˼£ֻžһΧסѾʧӰˡ
ɫһ䣬û뵽ôǿȻʦµ󷨶ƽˡ
˫ֲϵر任󷨵ĿҲڼٽ֪ͣˣһݣȻתҪߡ
һɣһǽһƤ˳ȥס
ִţгһѶ̵Լٶγ󷨵Ƥ
벻㾹ȻӵǲСֱϾǸ۷ĸ֣Ȼˣݵ̻ڣ
ҲĴ㣬ȫȥðű¶ԼķսϢȥǵʱǲҲѷˡ
ϧֲ֪ѹͲ£Ȳ˵ڵԨˣǱʶΣ
ɽΪߵҲԪӤڣǶ༸ԪӤڵĸ֣Ҳκβ
ܲģҺúġɫƽ˵ѾǽȫƳ
ȻԸ⣬˵ֶˣֿһʩչԶĿܡ
ֵӾˣбǿĹ𶯵Ƥ󷨰ۿҪˡ
ҲżͳһƤΧס˪һȵƤϵع֡
ʼֻܹ֣ɵƤϹ֮ûа취ˣټһԻǿʶѩϼ˪
ܿ죬ֻʣм֮
ףȻʱעȻǿʶɨ˹ƺܵ﷢˱ʡ
һ䣬ЦȻô㣬ҾͲٵˡ
˵꣬ʧԭأһ̾ȻֱӳƤ֮Уһȭֵؿڡ


273 
Ƥչǽһ޷
ǺһЦƵ³֣
ǿʶ˵壬ͬʱڵ£ɵر˿׿ס֡
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Ժһ֮أʶһдۣƺҪըһ㡣
һְȫϢķʽļӡһ
ͷջأ۾ĬĬԺеļ䡣ԽԽľû뵽ȻǸԪӤڵĸ֣
ǴԪӤӲ䵽۷ģҲѹڰɽǻôеͰ
ŽӴһǱӡļ䣬ӦǷǳǿңǷˣȻͷʱʱƿͺá
۾ǰѾ˳С֣һЦ˵벻֮ǰȻչ档
ǵˣʱڰ϶޷ע⵽ˡƹ˵Ѿһݳݡ
֪ǰʱ򣬱Ѿı̬ȣΪ֪ûɱԼΪеô
ڰ֣˫۶˵Ҫ㽫ĳӳ齨һϼϸɱֺϢΪһ֯֯Ѿ֣
ǵˣֻȫԸġֱֹȭ˵ϵļ·ǶӼӡ
ͷȥԨ˶ү㣬һ˵ǵҪܣҵĴڸҪܣ𣿡
ף֪ʲôηġظ˵óҪǶԼơ
ƺԼΪүһһ˵ױ˿⡣
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үЩǳˣǶõյϢԶڶҡûа취ֻèţҲҳȥҲˬ˵ǼƵǱЩ˸Ĳᡣ
Ҫ֪ľǻǮɣֻҪ̫Ҫģԡһֿ϶Ҫȥģһֱﱻţ𲻵κõġ
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Щź֮һԺеĽɼǳȤ
صլԺ֮ұ㿪ʼ̽űɵļ䣬ʶϵ΢Ӵţ̽ɵķӦȡ
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һƺϢʶװֻҪʶҲʩչߵĻͻʶӶըȥͬʱ˵̽˵ʶ
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ڵ͵Ժһ֣ܹص㲻ϵؿŽɼ䡣ʼʱż仹Щֿǵֽû˿µʱ򣬱㲻ôִˡ
Խֽ࣬ɼķӦóٶˣֻҪһ㣬϶ܹƽ
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ʶܻǰţܿͻƵĽɼĲС
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Ϊԭ򣬲ŻĸԸȥΣ֮ļϸΪ̽ȡָϢܡ
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ٴѰҪûйϵϢ
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ѩЩڶؾ켶Ҫǳ϶Ӱĺؾȶ
ǲй¶ԼѾģȴǱƵ˷ݶϣòϵˡ
ӴָóҲֱͨӿ¼ܣмϸѩ˵˸һסҪִԺҪʱúõһ¡
ѩǿֻҪĸһܹҵһĴǼϸúõؿһԨ۹
ѩҪȥȲǼˣǰͰطչ취ǵ۹ͳһ˵ʲô飬ԣһῴġ˵֮󣬱ҵٴʰ
һȻԼϵĵԽԽˣ˵ϣϼҪ
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274 ɽ
Լûʼֲ밵֯ʱ򣬲ŷԼʱЩˡ
ʱƶѾĲˣҪճһƬҲʼʩ
֪ʲôǰ͸¶Ϣڶ̶̵һڣլԺżҪˡ
չسˣ·ƣߣѻһЦݣ˵үչصʱ˲ˣ˵Ҫݷġ
ݷҵģͲˣǰ֣ôݷأ
ʲôˣʲô飿򵥵ʵҲʲôҪ飬Ȼ϶·ͨԼˡ
ˣ·ٺЦſ˵ʲô¶үŪƶѾģǸ˶ҪҧһڡЩΨͼĴ忴ˮ̣ȻҪһˡ
ȻҪһֺôԤϵˣֻû뵽ô֪ˡ
Ƭ̣һ·˵˭͸¶ȥϢ˶ԣЩ鲻˵ľͲҪ˵ԸӦòʧɣ
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ھƶߵʱѾ˼ƻҪƶߵҪЩνȥܼ飬˵Ȩ
ƶߵѾ˺ܾˣļƻѾΪһڰɽǵķչء
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ڷٵĽֵϣԼѾˣ·в˶ϳԼѹ˵Ǹشˡ
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ҪһרŵЭᣬƬҵֵһˣֻּһһΪƶ
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ðɣҲòϣȷǻܵ;ЦеؿǰƶǵĻ˵дܲ
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֪Щʲôģȴһ㲻żӸ·һ䣺ȥ֮󣬱ʧˡ
ôĿĵģڻ֪ɽô棬Щж
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275 
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ҪΪͨ£ͨ˺ƶϸõҪıԴԴϵܡ
Լỵ̈ô޴Լ۵ͶЩƶǺܺãһԹ˵γһɫ
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ԣ˵֮뵽˳Ĭ֮УܵһʶЩĸ߲ȶ
ܿͳˣÿĻӦǡû⣡
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ֻǣһͷһ֣һǮûлı㽫ȨƿԼУõƶŶӦý
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ǵȵطͬķչ״ûа취ƾǿʵסˣǿԼ㽨
ڱҪõһЩõֶΣţ
Ԩ˶үİЧʲûаʱĵش˺ŵ顣
үҵǸɫһƤཱུ˵ͣ˵üɫۼһ㡣
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ʣʣ˼Ūͺˡ˵ʣԼҪǲǾ͹ˡ
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276 
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ٻЩأ֪Ԩߵھжôߡ
Ⱥؾۼ˹ÿһ˿жǸмݺ
ȻȻ٣վǱȲһҵݵĳ档
شˣЩ˵ĴˣĶ±ظߣȴΪֻһʾǵ顣ɫ죬˵ʱΪЩ
Χסÿ˶ڰŶ˵١
ڶˣֻܽеģΪһŹȣһָ߸ߵ߬һȭͷ




˺ȻˮһĺɽǶ
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ɽһ޴ĵ⣬Ҫ˵û鷳һĻ򲻿ܵġ
ɲɵΪǳŭҵһͻԶԨ۹̫ˣԨ۹ļ̫ˣô࣬һССŭҿûôȨ
ɣҿɽﻹжصĸ֣жĻĺֻ֣ҪǸҳǽһһȫ뿪ˣҪȥڵܵĿԼʵ
ôߵʽ֮ڵԴԴϵɣֻԼҲףڿʼѾʽĽ뵽˰ɽǾ߲۾


277 ؼ
ɽѾ׵ͷβ˵ݶƶߣش˵顣
ƿŰɽǴ󲿷ŭҸ߲㣬ʱһʲô
ֻÿ˵ϱ鶼ôȻŭüͷһɽ塣
û뵽صСӾȻ̶ֳȣ֪ǸʱͲô׵ĴӦˡŭƵ˵Ҳ֪Լ˵ĲˣصǸʱ򣬾֪ڵĳɾ͡
ǻѡӦΪûбİ취ҪôƶҪôǴӦȻһ롣
˭֪ôѡڵ뷨ֻǾԼۿ˶ѡ
ҶǸСʵôߣֶȴǲ٣Ѿȥˣؼҵ˲ûһҶģйҲʲô˽ӡһŭҳϿ˵иǿһϡ
ڰɽ˵Լ֮ɴͽҲˣȡҶεһҶӣҶ
Ȼֺƣٻ˰ҶϵϾǸˣԨ֮ޣȻǲȥûкô顣
ϧǸͿͬкôǳõĺô
ߣûݱǴͲ鷳ˡСӵʵȻͣҲԪӤڣǲ硭һϿ˵ƢЩˡ
ŭݺݵĵһۣˬ˵ɱɱôڵʢţ˵ҪնɱԪӤڵĸ򣬷򲻻ô׵ġ
Ǻ˵ļҲ뷨ˣֻҪȥǽӴһ£ŻкܺõĴ𰸵ģֻǻֳȥһЩˡ
ŭͷ˵ʰǼٵģΪɽǵĳǸɱĴڣֻһֲõĸоĶˣ˵鷳ڵȴ
ҪôˣֻǸڣǽ۷ļһûʲǫֻ̂Ҫһ㣬ȫɱȻٳ˵ģ
˵ļǣֻҪˣǿ⣬˵˽ɱģ
أ
ŭķˣѹĸ˵⼸ϼһһһ۶࣬ҪСģñ˼ҵǹˡ
εʵ̫ջˣܹõ֣ܹŭҵĵλ
ãŭѡһӣǺ˳ãȥŰɣǱҪõУ
Դϲ׷׸ȥˡ
ƵڰɽÿжţֻеѡеǸŭҴһ⡣
ЩլԺĬĬؽţһΣջչ
뿪صլԺҪʱſȴǴ˵ͨ
үؼҵ˵Ҫ
ؼҵˣüͷһû뵽
һֱΪԨ۹ؼҵĳӵܣıؼˣٻЩġ
Ǹǻǻ㲻վҪ
˽ؼ˴˿֮󣬲Ų߹ȥνؼ֮ˡ
֮ˣһͲٵߣ۷Ϊһмŵ꣬ʣµǸ֮еĴڡ
˿˵о˶ۡ
˵ؼҵˣϣҲϻֱӿ˵
üͷһ壬ϸؿţ˵ǱԨ۹ҵؼҡ
֪ؼԨ۹·Ӻܹ㣬ĵС֪ǽʲô𣿡ʵƺνҵ۹ôð
߻û˵һԵȴżˣһм˵СӣΪʲôˣȻҶүҿǲ˰ɣ
Ҳһûгӵİ׳նѣǶŸνؼү˼Ȥ
żؼүӦòͣרĿĿǲС
û˵ΪˣŵЦСӣȰʵһ㣬үʲô˵ʲôֵò졣Ҫ֪ðؼ֮ˣɲʲô³ġ
ҵԼУܶ˶ҪɴȴǳһʧˡҿԳȫ㡣̧ͷӶˣ˿˵
Է˶û뵽̬ƺûнؼҸУɫǲôÿ
˸Ѿɫͨ죬޲þҪˡ
һЦҡҡͷм˵ô붯ҲʲôӮĻᣡ⣬ҪǣûκȤðʲôؼˣҾңأɸûйϵ
˻Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴǱؼүһ˻תͷһЦСѺ⺢ӵƢЩżҲҪ⡣
û˵˵ԽûʲôôǲԼ˵ꡣ
ؼүЦЦСҪ֪Ԩ۹˺ܶ࣬ҿظ˵Ԩ۹֮˶ǼġԲܣҲеڶң
ΣȻ粨ƽˡ
ԨգԹŵһˣֻǷΪͬĲְˣؼдͳֻҪڵطͻ߳ɾ͵ģԱսؼҼףΪؼҵˡؼү˵żƺǳԶ
Ԩ۹ؼ˱鲼ÿһ䣬ÿڳʱ򶼻ᱻؼҵĸֻн˺ؼңŻиԴõķչǰ;
˵أͲԨˣαȥںЩ޵Ķܹһĺôܰ߸Ԩ۹
Ȼǲܵģ
ţҶԳΪؼҺûȤҲܱ֤Ҿؼ֮ˡһЦ˵𾪵Ļ
˸ǼֲסˣŲӣͬһֻŭȵ㲻ؼ㻹أëǰɣ
ëǺǣѵ㲻Ͳ𣿡мһЦ˸µһ仰Ҳ˵
˾ȻûзӦε̾Ϣһؼ˶ֻɫĻһ治ԸȥΪ飬ʵǶˡ
˲䱩ŭǿϢͷſȻҲǸڵĸ֡
ôȷҪﶯ֣Ӷͬǧ꺮һ㡣
ȻûʲôϢͷųǿʶȴһٵĸоԸܵԼļ鷳ܻ
ˣ£ؼүˣһۺֵͣҪô͹ȥ
Ϣһգ£飬ֱ˵ɣҲϲȦӡ


278 ºó
ãʹ죡ؼүһЦȻǽǰĽڻ˲١
ؼүһЦڰ֣СȲҪż˵ؼҵ飬ҪȷǷعؼһҲǷؼˣֻһȷ֮ǲܹ˵
Ȼ飿һת뵽һֿܡ
ؼҿ϶һѡλƣƫԶؼͨɾͲϵ˲ţǿ֮ţǿ϶֧֣ܵǵĻҲͷβˡ
һԼڵؼôһôĻǻ᷽㲻١
ؼңʱûʲô뷨ֻԼ顣ģԺ˵ɡɫƽ˵ʵѾǸؼүһϢˡ
ؼˣҲûоܾؼңֻǵȺʵʱ˵
ؼ˵ɫͺ࣬үѾЦǺǵ˵ҪҪȺʵʱ̸Ҳ١
šӦһٴ뵽Ĭ֮СҪԾƶؼүܹˣʲôС
Ƭ֮ؼүЦݱ鲼˵ҶһǺСѰɡ
Ҫ֣ȴ̲סذѸֵһ顣ȡʲôУȻȡ˸ҶҶҶ˵Ŀ˲Ͷүˣ
⣬黹˵ɡͷȴֵĲУȡʱûз֣ڿȷ׬˲ٱ˰
ãһרŸ̸̸ģ¿һɽе̻ؼүҲڷϻֱӽĿ˵˳
Ȼ֪Ҫԣһ˫ӻֱֱ̧ؼүţҪʲôܹʲôóһ⣬Ǿûм̸ȥˡ
̸ǺóɴԼ̬ŻŻԷ˵
ؼүȴһΪֻǸСƨûôۻУڿˣĺװһ仰ڸǣûȤ̸С
ؼҪṩ㹻ʽ֧֣Ļ߷֣ؼߡؼүȽϺʵļ뿪˳֪һ˶Ѿǲܾˡ
˭룬ȴǹһЦҡͷؼûгⰡΪʲôȥڵҪʽڹԼҲаţͲҪȤֱӷ߳ɵ󣬵Сӣ𣿡
ؼ˶һ㶣û뵽ķӦôθô
Ȼôؼң׬ǮԼĴ㣬ΪĻˣͨԨˣԲԨؼҵ뢡
үҸղŲ̽һ£ȷѾ¾㱸ˡվؼүԵֱӴؼү⻰ЩҲסˡ
εĺܰ
ؼүһ˼˵СѲҪϷǵȷ֪ڵҴصõϢˣûȥϸ
˵ĹؼүԼʶ̽һ飬ڷϢ˵ʱﻹܲ𾪣
СǺرܹõô˵ӵֱӸ
ԺĳɾͣԻᳬؼӵܣ
ðɣСʲôҪ󾡹˵ɣȿ̸۸񡣡ؼүҲǸˣһԼûʲôʱ̸ȥҪô
ͷĻȽȤ
ҴڵԺ󲻹ȥĸУֻҪؼҶҪ֧֣ȻҪģʽĻҲûߵǲҾͲ֪ˡһ˵ĺֻܴӵּۻ۵Ŀռ䡣
ؼүͷȷҪһЩƶڶĵطȥƾؼǿľʵȻǲٻ¡
ҪֶεĻǰɽǱΪһͣΪԨ۹İֻҪȥ֮ٵһߣʣµؼұˡ
ֻһΨһĴˣȻҪġ
ؼүʼվ͵ȥõѡ񣬷治֪ؼʲôܹʺϡ
ҿԴؼңڸ̸ؼүɫһ֮󣬲Ž˵ؼҿ԰չŵԨ۹еĳ֮У
۾һؼĿôĻǽʡ̫˰һ÷ֻҲףؼǸ壬濴еĺܣû㹻ĺôԷ²ôĵġ
ʲôҪ󣿡Ħһ󣬲ſ˵ؼүֶǸȻڲ֪ΪǸˡ
ܼ򵥣ɽǵǿȫķŸ㣬ǲСĳȫؼĻ֣ģؼΣؼүƺͿǺ飬ֱӿ˵
֣ȻռȽˣѾĺôˣʲô鶼ҪҪȥһܹչĳɵãӦĲɵϣ
Ҫܹؾ͵õԴԴϵܣʵǲԨ۹ж鲼ǽжܣ
һ뵽̲סҪӦˣʵĵ߲߿ռֱѾˡ
ֱӱ̧ĳɣȻҪӦġͷԼûż
ԣиҪ󡣡뻹ǾҪպó߶ȣźΪؼҵ׬Ǯߡ
˵ǡؼүȻû
ͷƶߵĴҶЩһܸı䣬ҪĻҪЩ֮ܿܵʵĺôȻλҾͲˡҪ˵ǣҷֲ֮ӵзȨ
һƱȨ
Ҫ⣬ĻؼҿܻȥʱȻͨ˵棬Ƕյ𺦣ʧ
ԣǺģؼдȣÿһУСΪؼүҳ©ڣһ仰еԼˡ
ãҪľ˾ˣԨ۹ûܿѵˣǱˣһܣǮ׬ҶûֻҪΥҵĳԾͿԡӦ˫֮ĳǴˡ
ؼүЦվ͵ؿ˵Сѣϲӵˣǵĺ˫ӮģĳɾԽҵĺôԽ󣬽عؼҵʱ򣬱ܹõߵĵλ
ˣЦЦ˹֡
ؼүЦѾϲ£ˣֻҪˣΪؼһȡ޶ڷָҲǺܶ
ãҸϵһ£һ¸ǩԼؼүҹζ࣬Ǵ㾡ǩá
ӦԸΪԼȣֶΪ


279 鷳
֮ؼүǩԼѪҺ֮󣬱ˡ
˭ΥԼϵݣҪȻȻǿ⽫Υһгͷ
Ŀֲ̫˽ˣ϶ȥؼͬҲҡ
ɽֻؼү·֮أҪĴڣҲᶺ鴦ˣ㽫ؼڰɽǵˡ
˽ضŸǸЦӣÿһЦʱϵⶼһ£ʮֵȤ
֪ݺѾ̸ɵ֮ضŸղѣؼүҪ㣬Ϊʲôûȥ̸أǣͷߵģҲо޴ĺô
ѾˣضŸҲûа취ֻܹԹԵ̷ܹһѡ
Щ飬һĻЩ˷̫ʱ䣬ؼҰæʡ¶ˡ
Ǵºóֻǲ֪֪˵ʱʲôӦҡҡͷȻԼ̫ˡǵʱ¼˵һ仰Ǿ̵Ĵ壬϶ÿҶģҵ˵Ѿܵˣǵֻ棬ֻ棡
ȥլԺҪȴüͷһ壬úʲôڶԼ
ƣڵ߸гԽԪӤڵĴڣǷڵǿˣǵʶҲԼǿ϶
ֵĸоʲô
üͷšĺܽ뵽пܣǱ㽫ʶɢ
˼˼ȻңЦѣǿʶֱӻڶ֮˵ԣ˵̸ݶһ
˵Ǹش˵ǲؼҵ˰Ҫؼҵôôͷԡ
ǲؼҵˣϱ߰飬ǰȥͺã
ˣϱǵţһش뿪֪ͨǡ˭֪ʲôʱǣѵ˵Ҫһ𣿡
ϻʵžУ˼ˣ군ˣ

˵̸ϱ鲼˪û뵽ԼӦòؼҵˣؼҵҲûбҪԼһס
ѵŭǸ쵰ҵ⣿üͷһȭͷ̲ס߬߬еڵǩֻһΪ򵥵Լ
ҡҡͷܿ϶ŭ飬ȻԷԼˣǾ͸ɴһɡ
ϣ㲻ʧĻҲһܡţʩչûжôȴͬˡ
Ĵڣƻʩչǿ
Ѷڵ飬кһ·ڼ֮󣬱һڰɽ
ҪжڰмԼҪƶп϶¶˿صٺҲ㲻ǿʶ
˰ɽǻ˴ȦԼѾ˸˽⡣
岨ĲǰɽǵһǷǳأصֶηǳر
ɽǵֲĲ˭ҵﻹ֪ܲǵ岨˵˭ģ֮ͬˡ
Ҫ֪飬ֱȥҪĿռЩĲͷˡ
ʶһֱ岦֮󣬰ɽǵĲȫͣ˳ڹ۲ķ򣬵岨Ǹ˳ԶԶصţƺٶѡ
ɽ߸ȥٶȲ죬Ѱʲôһ㡣
úĲʵǿӰɽڳֱƺԼһ㣬Ĳѡһ򣬳ɰΧ״
ЦһٶȻţҪЩ㹻Զĵطܹ鷳㹻Ľѵ
ǿʶΧĵȫ۵ףѰһȽϿĵطֱ߱ȥ
Ĳżˣ׷׺żȥ׷ΪҪܡһεжı׼ãˣ´־Ͳˡ
׷ȥǧˡ
ԣСҪˣǿɻԲ˶ߡ
ǻǷͷ׷ɣٶҲ졣
ãͷ׷һ֮
Ĳһ֮󣬼ԭ·׷ٶȥĲϢ֮󣬼ź£ϴߵ˳ˡ
뿪ķ򣬾þûжֱӰʱΪһ˲óͨѶɳƵͳ˵ĿѾĴΧ׷ȥǲ׷٣ȴ
ԣͨѶǱߴһ򵥵ȴΪ˱ϹϾ˵ľء
رһ֣»ָģ˳ڣʧ١
ʱѾ䵽һɽ֮ϣ˫֣΢΢з۾ȴǵĵ
岨ָƣΪߵĲǽ۷壬Ȼ٣ʲôã
֮ǰͲ½۷ֵΧԪӤڶУһȺСѣξ֮У
ಡ
зһΣһѾûкúûˣǸѡ
ʹû̫ܹõȻǸӡƤѹûдȥá
һȺڵĲѣûзС
ϱĸֱһиˣһʮڵĸ֡
˭ؿʵȻɸʵĻҪʣһ仰˵Ͷֵģǻ°ѱ
Ҷһÿ˵ٴȷϵ
һЦͷҲϣûҾҶҲ̸ĵİɣ
ߣ֪ĶΪԼеɾ;˲ˣһ
˳ʵðɣǽѰģɱһ˾öʮڸ֣صҲֵá֪ܲԭҲĿɡ
ҪףǺð㲻ش㲻ǰ³
װʵûдɣôҪɱҡ
׳գ¾УôʲôôҪ򲻿ܵģ
ˣϻˣ˵棡˸ո˵꣬˼ˣǸ׳վȻ˵ô֪࣬һȥǲǲ
ģôھԪӤڵĸҲߣ˺ĵ˵ؼ˵ԪӤڸô˿϶ԪӤڸ֡
꣬Ҳˣٿ⼸ҪǻȷɽļֵĻǾЦˡ
ллףҺܻɣΪʲôôȷܹʰң˫ۣЦǺǵ˵ղŵĽѾʧӰ١
ɫ䣬ΪʲôֶΣѾˡ
ңǹǵģһ֣ٻ󣡡һٴο˵ɭɭ۾ͬһؽ
ͷεðɣȻҾͳȫˡ


280 սʽ
ʮڸһĻˣô˵Χ֮¾Ȼܹ˵󻰣
ߣСӣϣһ»ܹЦĳһм˵ǿǸ۷壬ǹǽ۷ʣµȫǽв㣬Ҫʰһֵ顣
ΧסҪˣ
һ𹥻жı¡
ʮΧסһ˹ȷһֱʣȻĲ˵ĵ
Ǻǣ벻ɽǵĴΪʰһˣҪ϶ʮ𵤣˼һЦ¶һĨ̵Цݡ
ûż֣ڿԼӦʲôӵķʽϾܹõ޵ģõѡܲþͲá
ģ۾һܹ֮ʹãǿȻڰ
ˣƾ贿أ
ǿǿӦԴ󲿷ֵĹˣټǱƥľԸЩڵļһﻹСһ
ţӦллǣðɣһʹһġͷǸЩ´һٻ顣
뷨һ˲ɣǰȺ𵤵ڲŸոɹ׼
ɱ֪˭һŶʮ𵤸ֱһԵĽԼĹ˱Χм
ǰѤùͷЩ̶ȵĹԼӦܹȫǲԵĺá
¡¡
ҵıը𣬵âɢȥһжָƽʱ򣬶ʮ𵤸ȴѾɵۡ
ףСأ
м䣬ôûӰѵǱըɷĩˣ
ܣСӸղģô׾ˡ
ȥˣ
ǰʧм䣬ھʲôطأ
ڸղŹչʱѾʩչɱʧ٣ֻƶٶ̫ˣԭػôһӰˡȺɵĽڸֺɱ˵ֻǸӰ
ʱӲһ۷ֵĳˡ
ﰡ˵ǽ𵤸ɫһ䣬ȻҪͷ鿴ϵ˹ϧѾˡ
ǽ۷ʶ۾һжתͣ·Լ塣
һõԴӸ߿׹£ݺݵڵϣһࡣ
Сģһߺ˵ĿŷȻѾˡ
һЦû˿Ĺâ˸ƾ䱾ķƥս
ٴʧֱԶһ۷壬ֶλò˶ٴΣڻЧȻҪɱһתһˡ

ؿ˵ĲӺߣȴǷһ죬žֶһ¡
üͷ壬ȥʱǽ۷ĲϾȻһԲɢǿϢ
ȻһװǺˡƲƲͣԷԲǿղһ֮¾ȻŴǲû
ǽ𵤸ֹЦţսֱָޱȵ˵Сӣ㻹ʲô£ɱҰ
˼һûƿ֪ʵԲԼΪƵķװǷסԪӤ֮µǿһ
޷ƿȻڷĲˡ
ãɱģٺһЦʵڿǸմſԴﵽԼҪЧ
ǰսʱʱݵ˵ʵԵĶ٣أȴڴϣԵûЩ衣
ҪʮŸڸֿԹأ
һ٣ͺһȻϣͬǷ֮˵֮һ㣬һһĿ䲻ѡ
ԴһдϲõıǴΪβõϵЩʽأû֧֣Щǵ꣬Ǳɵʽһܹõæҡ
˵þãűǽԺܹǵõļ򵥵ʽʹ˳
ˢˢˢ
ĵһνһεڽ۷ϣֻȴһ㶼żʱʱһ£ѹͲĻᱻƷ
һƲ˵СӣǸɵӾȻᱻɱˣǰ׳գ˼Ѿ˲¶ʮԼķȻû˿⣬ֻһСӶѡ
Լر
ŶƲ˷𣿺ðɣ̧ۿһۣžȻһգޱȵһ˲俳
꣡
꣡
һǽؿڵķȫ飬嶼ѿһ϶Ѫš
ֻǼʮѾ˶Ը۷ĸҪʹõ̶ȣżǾֻ·ˡ
Ķǲǻʮ˸
㾹Ȼң˵ûȥҵʹ̼ŭһŵҩսͶȥ
ҪϹ۾ߣս֮һ޴ĵâɣĿǿСޱȵ
ɫȻ侲Ҳ֪Լܲܿס
ɱһû˿âľȻֱ㶵ض׼˵âȥ
Сӷ
һԻûüֵĽ𾪲ѣǴûмʲô˸ûʱԿ
ⴿ
䣡
޴ײеֱӱûзǾ޴ĵâþӲؿסˣ
סˣȻĿסˣ
˴󾪲ѣǴûм鰡
ôܿ۷ıһҪǴȥ֪ᾪˡ
⣡¶һЦݣʧһٴγֵʱ򣬾Ѿû˵š
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ʶ̫ǿ󣬾ǽ۷巴ӦҪʩչǿȴѾˡ
һ֮ڣȫס˶ԷҸһݼԼԺУԺʱȥ
һ㶨һߣһգץסԷĲӣʩչͬɵʰ
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282 ֯
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һѾʧԭأһ̾Ȼʮ˵м䣬ɫ˪ûκεıʹһ˫ȭû硣
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ײȭͷͬ޴һݺݵЩ˵ϣֻǱܿҪÿһڳһι֮󣬱ֱ㶵طɳȥһڵϣӴ˱û˶
֣ϱߵѪҺеɨһܡ
ôɡһ֣Це˵
ƣղ˵Ѿŵɫ԰ףֱӿһϣסӡ
·Ȼɫ죬˷ܵЦݶβסˡֻȽϱ磬ոձ˼һƸʮңÿЦһ¶ᳶϵ˿ʹѡ
潩ҲżվſڰصȴţԼҵĴſڱģҵ˻ܹס
ȻûмһŭǴ˹
СӣȻҺ鸮鷳ҿǲˣ
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һȻͣǰ˳׳˶ţ׿⣬ļⱬը
ǰ׳΢΢ҡͷ۷壬͸ǰŪĲ𣿡
˵ɫһ䣬ŭȼţ뽫ĳɴɢϢȴɻ䲻ѡ
ڣһʵ˭


285 ȴ˵
˭׳û˵Ȼһ顣
Ų۾мؿһۣǼʺҵĴ֮
ߣСӣҿĲˣܹģ׳һЦزмŭҲܲס
һЦҡͷ̾Ϣһ㣬
ȥ׳ŭˣûܴܵ裬һҪĳ⣡
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ӴڵϼٳţļӲʯǱȳһĿӶƣ൱ġ
˷мȻͣȴرڳˡ
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ٴβм˵뷨ܼ򵥣ҵ˲ǲǺҾʹǳ
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׳ŭϵļɢŴĿĺâȻҪӵϰγȻصˤڵϡ׳ΪֵһУǸǰװƵˣ϶Ѿˤ⽴
ϧöôȻ̩ɽһվڵϡ
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׳ٴŭһȻ߷˫ȸڵϱһš
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Ȼͬʯȹ̲
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׳ˣûнԼ̧ⲻò˵˫֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
Ӧ׳ҵĺشϢ׳ʮƣ˭뵽ı̬ء
ðɣûˣˡڼСһأֱ̧㽫׳ˣץס׳Ĳӣ㽫ӵϻ̧
ҺҲͣҪȻ治һ߶ȡ
׳ס˲ӣɫͨ죬ĸ߰ͷŭѾʧӰ٣ǻ˾ʧɫͶĿ־塣
﷢ѵ׳
Χ˶Ѿɵ۾û˸̬鷳Ҳᱻ
ڵѾ׵ص߸˺˵ĸѵǿޱȵĺңһ궼޷ʰ
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ɾһ벽̤ԪӤǿߣ˼СһץŪ
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ٴ֣һϱŪ˵·ƽ˵ôĲ֮𣿡
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峤ְɣ
峤С̫ɱô𵤸ֲ˵ƣɱҺ
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һǿߺ޲ýʬΣκǰ峤ǲͬ⡣ʵǲ⣬⵽ΪʲôѵΪʵǿһ㣬ԿΪ
ɱɱʮ𵤸֣ܻ𣿡峤ɫҪһ㣬
˵ʵĴĵﶼ֪ȥԸ飬ֻǲѵĽ۷壬˼ҹŻģ
㹻˵ǿˣЩ˶Ҫǿ󣬵ƾһ֮㳲Ҳһƽ֡
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Ҫ֪ҵĲҩԨ۹ǱȽģɽ˭ռУ
ȻܸΨһİ취ǽˡ
һжҪ˵ҵָӣܲ־ͲҪ֡ûģɱ飬һҧҲûа취峤ɭɭ˵漴ִǰȥ
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شʧԶӭϷղڱչأû뵽ֳģˡ
䣬峤һǰ
һЦǲں˵Ҿ˵ҵĴ֮ġ
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ЦʮֲãĿѾﵽˣҪչʾһԼʵЩ֪ԼðСӣӵ㹻ǿʵˣ
ҲⰲŵģҵĲ֪ôôҲ⽫ҵȫԼĿܣһɽĴ֮һͳԼ
ֻҪ򲻵ǲԸģ⣬վǼ׵顣
ߣشˣոŪһЩƷɲ裬Ʒһ¡ҹЦ˵ϵͻʾ쾡¡
ͷ·֣ʶʶңһú峤ҩԳԣϵκˣϾǺҵ˴
ҵüͷҳ鴤˼£ûסСʵ̫һ죬һὫݹң
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·һԪ۾ֱˣǿˮҲ˵ֻ֪ɵЦˡ
пԣش˵±Ҷŵҩô˱ʰôң˵ָأ
Ҵһ·ȥ˾̸ͬǶûмһ㡣ŻǱߵ飬̧ȥˣҲأֻǴ˶ѡ
شˣǺ˰ƶߣŶȻڵģϷʮ
ڰ֣˵ûʲôҪ̸̸顣


286 
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峤ҵ۾ǿɽĸ岻ҪȾָһ
ֻҪܹ֮վ˽ŲӵĿͻһƬر㹻Ц˯ϲ£ˡ
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ΧŸɻ󣬺ҵȴβסЦݣô˵ȻкǾǻо޶档
ҽԼſڱ˵ҵļƷɲ
аЦҹȻǸ峤һȱ㹻˳ˡҪ֪Ǻúõж˺ҵӣ˼ҵĴſڽſһأȻ˵ûɱʲôģЩȷʵҪĶˡ
Ǵ壬ڼӵĿоԳһ˵ܻΪһ仰ʹ֣ĲоģһֱȫһС
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ȴǲͬˣݲһ㣬ڼΪʵʵߣʵǿĺܣܴһ˵ҶǲԸġ
˳£Ǻұ׬£ǽʮ³Ѿ㹻˵ˡ
ǺǣҺҵҲСˣͳƺһֵܰɣϣ㲻Ҫ⡣ϽĴֱӽĵλ̧˺ԵȵλϣȻЩԿɶ˵Ǻ顣
һЦЩǲ⣬ֻҪܹﵽĿģνġ
峤ɲȷǺðԨ۹¶ɡƷһɲ裬̲ס̾
ҹһЦغܣ˵ֵܹˣϲͷһЩĸϾˡаҲ峤峤Ľˣһϣߺ綼ǿԵġ
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ҳĬˣһֱתţпŵʧôⶼһ׮Ҫ֪۲ҩ󲢲ǺܸߣΨǵҩƷȥͻ׬٣ôһɫĵҩΪһҶĿֲ档
ϵܰҩϲûκε⣬Һı⣬ֻǵҩ棬Ҳ֪ܹṩ࣬ʲôġҲⳡϵ֣һ仰ǽĹؼ˳
һЦ׼˵ҩķ߲٣Ʒ׸ߵҲУҿԸṩһĵҩרֻкֻۣ滹ˡ
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⻰˵ҲԣϷеļˣǺǺǺǡҾһ죬̵ô꣬ټԼΪܸߣôΪС˲ء
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Ҳżһȣںҵָ֮󣬲ſ˵ʵҶ鲢û̫ķУҲǸһһԼʵˡ֪ľ˭ǣͷϾҪɱңҲûһ£鲻ܾôˡ
Ȼǻ鰡
ڵĳӶҪˣ֪ҪǲҩĻԲȥ뵽ΧɱУǰͨ籨šѾˣûʲô飬ҲõӦĳͷ
Ȼ˼ǳףҪչģҪðɽǵ֪ԼǺ۸ġ
ԺұҪڳԼλãȻ󡭡
ϵܰϷĲԣҲΪȰ˵ҪȻҲɵȥ鷳ã𡣡֮˵ȷŭҵǣͷߣ˵Ҳûѡ
ͷ۾΢΢ţϵϢŭңǺǣܺá


287 Űݷ
ϵܣҿ黹ǲҪֵ̫ĺãϾĻҺҲ޷ֵġ
ģҵһӲõظоὫɽǽ췭ظ
ԣұҪֹȥһЩֵ飬ҪȻҲյһǣ
³һ鵭Įؿźң䲻ȵ˵峤ҲǸ˿ͻʵˣҿ϶Ҫиġ
⡭⡭֪ϵҪʲôҾˣҲǸţƵ֮ǰԼ̸ôĺôȴûдӦԭǿԼıš
⴦ãô͸û˿Ĺϵˡ
ͷһΣҾǰĲöԸⳡЩҪϼ޻
ţҾĴûʲô峤ǿȥһ£ҲǸǣͷҸˡһЦ¶һڽ׵ݡ
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صͷƺ˻ϣǰҸĴ˴ɣصĽǵܽôҶҪǵĳ⡣еĻǾֻԹԹг𱨳ˡԼ¼ҹһûʲôǣңǺǡ
䣬ҵɫԽԽѿˣһŭڷŭţƫƫܷһˣǰĲүͻ뿪ˣҪڰɽĻͶʧˡ
ϵܣҪʲôԥһǿ˵ʵǲ֪Ҫʲô֪ͺ˵ˡ
˭룬ҲһȻһ仰Ҳ˵ǳźЦһЦ
ӣҷ·ײһĶı¶Բ
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ҺȻԼˣһСǰȻֱѹƵ˵ĸоȻҲ֪ǸͨˣҪôͽɱڻûгɵʱҪôǱ䲻ϵϵ
һѡзյģΪ̼𲽵ĺңѡǷǳóġ
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ߵʱȻûߴţֱӴӻгţһ̾ʧӰˡ
ˣ֪ʲô˻ֶΣԪӤڵĸֿҲ޷ôۼɣ
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ѲߵĻҲ֪δ֮ͷ֮˱ȥ֪ͨ黹ǵŭźð
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һ֣һ£³ζ߻صţȻû֮ʲôɶˣƺʲô
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Ŀתɫ˵ˣŭΪ˸һš
⡭⡭ŭһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôˣû뵽ôֱӵ˵
ַʽžûдһ
ţҾһˣŭÿ˵·һ㣬˵ˡ
ŭͬĴסˣǺһģһؿԼǰʧȴ˿ûв
ʾİŭЦһԽԼǴˡ
뿪˳ŭңҲֱͣȥһֱû֣Һ׼ҡ
ǳ򵥣ǰͻأس֮УŵûǲͷˣȻְѻſˣȻڵһ֡
µϱŭɱ񱩵ϢѰʵ΢һһѪףͳܲסôǿơ
ǳǿ磬ȻǼ򵥵ĺܡôҪ֣Һ׼ңˣһһȦȺ֮Ǿ֪Ҫʲôˡ
ҪȻߺߣͷɱˣ֪֪Ѿˣ
һУصԼլԺصȴˡ


288 ǿ
Ҳûȴ̫ãʱĴ峤һլԺ
Ĵ峤ɫôÿǾһҵ֮˾Ȼ˵ǷǳĲˬûа취ʵ̫ˣðɽһϴơ
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Ϊ˱Ĵ峤ǾӦҪ󣬶вһ½һĿܡ
ſڣĴ峤ȴǱ֪һжõ˳
⻰·˵ģûоԼôţƵһ졣վǰ˭ÿһﶼǶűɽǶµ
أǲǹԹԵվԼİţ
ȻǸϴˬ졣ҪκܹĴ峤ü˳
Ĵ峤㿴ҿ㣬߶ŭգûа취ʵѾǣǸû˿ķܣ˵˯ʱͲ
Ѿǲˣֻһˣһ㹻ðɽҳһˡ
õȴĻҪȴصžˣ
Ĵ峤ٻͬʱͬһططʲô鷢һҲһЩɽǵĻû˵ʲôҪаĴվһլԺſڣ۷Ƿǡ
쵽ʲôӰ۰ɽĴ峤ˡ
ƨ¶ûУһֱûжˣ˵ѵ֪˭լԺ
۰ɽǻ˭ܹĴ峤ȴЦ˰ɣ
شˣش˵ļң
ҵ죬Ȼļң߰ɣشǺˣҲǸʵֲˣ
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ߣҼҺһ٣úġ

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ĬٴγΪɫ·ĬĬصȴš
ڱչ֮ǰԸ··ȴţʲôǲģֻеԼſԡ
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ΪʲôȻҪɱɱĸ˵磬ȻǸģǾҪóһЩ⣬ȻƾʲôŹĴأ
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Ĵ峤һֶҲʵʵؽԺ֮С
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ԹԵʯ֮ϣƷŲˮһɱ
˶֪Щ˿ʮֺû˿вΪûзһ˷ԻɿֲĴڡ
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λл˵䵭˵·İĳ˵һ㡣
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ĿͣŭϣҪĻǣͷ˵Ľ͡
ŭһ죬Ť˰죬̾Ϣһûڵ˵ϵܣʵǶԲסұµ˸ס۾壬ԲŻ鷢
û˵ŭ˵ûдΪ棬ûĻЩǲֶԸġ
ĿתƣҿЦҡͷϵܣϷ֪ˣĺô񰡣
ʣµ˶һ㵣Ǳ˲ûмˣ˵飬ԶЩôڿһ޵ŭԼҶ⸱ӣﻹұֳĲ
ûʲôϵȻ׽ͬ˵شˣ֪Լˣ˲顣
ĸ˵Ļ򵥣˼Ҳǳȷûг⣬˼ܹŰݷõǸֱܹ׵˵ǹ˼ˡϾɽĴĵ̣˼ҵͷߵĵϻܹͷ£ѾǺܲ׵ˡ
ţϣǸʲô鿼ǵĶ֡ҲΪ֣ûɱֱӰռɽǡͷȻ˵
ҪǷǰ϶˵ֱӽ⼸ȿס˵ǿԷ֡ƾΪưԶʲôѵ顣
ش
ϵܿ
˷׷׿˵̬ȷŵҪôжôͣôҲܹĴͬʱǰͷ
ûа취˾෽ֿ֤о˺ܳʱ䣬ŷֻǸ֣ҪȻǲġ
ãҿԽӹȥ˵·˸򵥵ľһ㡣
ţȴûģǶ˲ˮ˹غ
һ̣ˣ˼ҪĿɲǸô򵥰˼Ҫ⳥
һۣ˷׷״Ӵָͳ˸ָĶضѻǰ
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ʶ΢ɨһ£֪ѪˣôණóҲгˡЩһĻٽƵûˡ
ã͹ȥˡҲѷİɣֻҪܹչҶе׬ⷽ飬ǱһҪסĮ˵˵֮Ȼ뿪ˡ
ʣ漴Цһת뿪


289 ҩ
֮УȻǿĸ峤뿪ʱĸӱ飬ִſ־飬˵⡣
뵱Ϊ˴ﵽԼĿĲҲ˹
ȻѾõĸ峤ʲôĶˣܹҵԪӤڵĸܹ֡ҵԪӤڵĸôһ㹻ǿʵһ򾡣
ʵڲУǻǿķ𣿵ʵǺǿƾŷ紳һã»صƬڷɵкξ£
ڵİɽǣѾȷͷɽǶ֮һĴˡ
ϢǲֶɣĴ峤뿪լԺһǸͷģɽǴ顣ȻвɵģΪľǸơ
ЩС鶼ŵģԨ˶үֶʡ͵ĵƣô򵥵ǲ᲻ȥ
һҹ޻ڶһ磬լԺſٴζȺֻЩ˵ĴŶǺҵķΡ
·պò׷һѣڿҵ˾ȻˣɫȻǲÿȻǺܵģȴӲͦĺܡ
Ǹʲôش˵ĵطҲҴ𣿡·˵һС˵־
֮ͷΪ鸣壬ǺҲҩҪ峤ĶǼ巢չ飬ǸĺеĲҩ⡣֪ˣڸһ׼˸ֲҩŵȴˡ
Ǻǣֵ㲻ҪżǺҵˣҼ峤Ѿش̸һͻġȥشˣġ鸣Цݵ˵Щֺá
Ȼ鸣Ļո˵꣬·ļ··ڴϵЦŨ
·ûʲôоĵʱŷԼĿڴѾװһСӣ߳ʱʱĻᷢһײ
·ɫͺÿˣ߱ôˬˣģӴûôˬԺҪүĹĹүǰ;İ
·дˬ鸣ȴζô˵ҲǺҲҩһ֣ƽ˵·Сɫˣǳĸ߲ԼҲҪһк顣
˭ܹ뵽һ˵õȮ죬·ﶼԼԺ˵һݺ
бɺ鸣ϵЦȴ˿ⵥ͸·㶫治ж
үԵƬ̣ͽȥͨһ·ʱ˵Ҳˣһүеĺ鸣̹һЩ
ۺҵӦܵĴ
أ
뷨ûأ·صһŸˣЩ˸ɵۡ
үСôôŰûǸ£
žһ󣬺鸣ĸСܱһȵ˵ϣŭȵҹȥﶪۣȥʰ㣡
ĸԹ񣬺鸣һɫߡҲûа취飬˭֪ʵǳǿƢǹŹֵĺܣ˭֪һʲôҪһ仰ˣӶɾʹˡ
Ͼڵ̫ʢˣ˹ϵ׬
ں鸣˼ʱ򣬴ٴδˣ·Դ¶˳ź鸣˻ٻССèһ˵үүȥģҿԼȥɣ˶̫֡
鸣ΣֻӦһ·ĺߣСڸȥ
˭룬ոս˺Ժ㴫˹鸣彫ҩʲôȫóҪһһ
ͷһνף鸣岻ҷϻͽָ˳ȥһƣǿʶ˲ͽߵĲҩ˸
⣬ҪĲҩ϶УǼζҩ٣㹻úûӻһˡ
ȥ峤ˣȵҩƺһ˸͹ȥġͷ˵Ҳǰ֮ĺ׶ˡ
鸣һ㶣ſڱøô㣬뻹Ǳͣ˼ûҪõҩȡɡ
û飬鸣첽뿪լԺһص˺ʵ峤ûи̸۸ϵ鰡
۸㲻Ǹ̸˰ɣҪʲôҵʱվɴһ˫۾ŭź鸣塣
鸣ŵһ£ʲôʱҷ𰡣
ûûУֻǺ棬˵ͷѵҩҾÿǻõҩ˰ɡ鸣æ͵һķ˻ǵùˡ
⻰ҲŷϵЦ³֣صͷ˵ͺãͺðֻҪŵҩЩҩĳɱͻˣ
鸣ԴɵģʲôҩȻֵܹôĲҩ

ʱ˿̣Ѿ˲ҩЭᣬֱӺ˶лƵҩ˶йҪš
ƵҩǼѵ飬רڴ˵Ҳǲ֮࣬һҵˡ
ǰˣǵĵﶼڣֻ徭յ˾޴Ĵˣʲô鵤ҩǾԲͨġֵҩڻʳҲмš
ҪҲѵǣһ㵽ߣǸͻָ塣ǸҺúѧϰһ°ɣľͲö˵ˡڵļһͷ˵
һ㶣Ÿ˼ҪԺҩȻڵ޷˼˵ˣǾʹǿҩ
ллشˣлл
ͬʱڵأֱӸͶصĴ˼ˣԺҩƣǵ״̬ơ
Ҫһң˼֮ν֮С
ÿһ㽫סȻʩչԷıɶԼľģȻŻһ˽
ҩʵ̫ҪˣòһЩЩƷᱻֶδߡܹıַʽһ¡
ϸţһὫ⼸ֵҩƷ͵ǣڼϰͺá˻֣һѵĲϱǷűطһ׼˵ļ֮ϡ
ԴѰһдȻһ߽⣬һ߿ʼҩƵĸ׼
ʵҩĻᣬ֮ԻϤͬԼԲһ㣬ҪǵԺеЩǿ߼䡣ںЩǿ߼֮ɵرƵҩԲʲô
˶ǱԼʶڿˮַ֮𾪡
ʵ벻Ȼһʵǰǿʶ죬һֳա
һѵǴϽĴߣ


290 
Ƶҩٶȼ죬˻ûзӦʱȻѾ˵
ɢŨĵҩ˶ޱȣ⼸˵ǼĵҩˡԴ˵޷֮ҹҹһָܹһܹ
һжʵˣ˽ֽ֮࣬Ҳǽѧˡ
ŵҩȫƳɹ֮ҩַˣȥ˰ɣƺڳңĻһʱ㹻ˡ
˵꣬תҪߡ
ţʱһ˺Ȼ˵
ͣסӣΪһҪʲôأʮֺؿŶԷ
˭룬˶һۣȻͨһ͹ڵأֶͷ
ʱˣڸЩ
ǲڣ˿ıǾ֮
ݶͲǿļͷܹġ
ˣˣ񣬺úŬƳĵҩ˶ǿǸͷ˵Ŀ⾼ͬһ徴
ٷϻ뿪ңӯĺӣһһ̷˵ҩ
ңһ㶣˾Ȼ͵ˡ
˼ʲô𣿡ЦǺǵʵʵǿĴڣһòꡣ
˵ͷ˵ش˰Ϊʵ̫˰һЩϱߵ˶Ǻлָǰ;ģлָȽϺʡ
˿Щвǽ۷ĸ֣ܹȫָĻϿԴﵽԭʵΪΡ
΢˼һֱӿ˵˼ңԼŰɡľǰɽӦԼֻ˲Ų۸ǣŲڶΰӦе档
˵۾ǣһ˶ϣ֮ȽȽôʱһֱڵ뿪֮δϾЩ˶оʲôã
û㹻ǿʵһжٴζʧ
ĵҩ˵Ǹһݾ޴ϣһϣʵܹ浽ڵĶһˣе־ţҪȻͱһԾʬˡ
˼ңҪżҲ»ͷβˣ֮ǰȻὫ׵Ĵֶ׵Ľ£˵ķǳƽɶ˾ôķḻôɱϢ
ããشˣϷԲʧģľǱҪΪᶨӵߡĿᶨ˵Щ˵һЩ飬ϽʱᵽЩ£Ϊľǻʲô֮Ͳܹ֪ˡ
һЦô᲻׶˵˼ͷ˵˼ңǵܲܳɾҪߵˣԺкʵ˲Ųѧͽ
˵ͷѹסеļ˷ܣ˫һգգضҵڣỺ
ʱŭͬʱŴ֮бǿϢ
Ʒ裬һֻǵЦЦ˵ʻ⡣
Ƕȴסˣȶûоֱӱվţȵݺݵؿҡ
ꡭ
ҵŻˣȺ˳ÿ˵϶ɢǿơ
ָĲǽ۷壬ò˶ܹ뵽ԪӤڣֻҪѧ̬ڴ⡣صͷǲǵ㲦һ¡
ʦϣһݣԲѣԲжģѾΪ˽۷ĸ֣ǲûԴ󽾰Ȼޱȣذһ¡
ڰ֣еģǰס˾ǵĻԵЩڡȹһΪȻͿʼƵҩɡţ⼸Ҫҡ
ȻӦ£ڶĻǾԵķӣȥҲԲκεĳɡ
ããã˼Ӷ˼ȭͷһǻ
۷ĸ֣㹻û׸鷳ˡ
ҩٶһЩ𵤵ٶһЩǡ
˲ˣԼĺ
ãȥˣ˼æľͺãͷһŵҩػؽȫֻ֫ڵҩû׼ãֻܵȵˡŶ˺һЦ˵뵽֮Уʧ
˾ԼҪҸˣĻôܹõܹл³µĴȣ
ȭͷһֻȴ֮߳ƣһ˵ζ
֮УǰѷĲҩȴ΢΢üͷԼʱ䣬Ȼ˵һŵҩ˷̫ʱ䣬Ҳסֲ̫ˡ
ж˰ָܹƵ˱һǧ֮࣡Ҫ㹻ˡѰˣ԰ѹ
ĸ֣վλӣʣµ򵥶ˡһȻԼϱĶԽԽˡ
ҪԨ۹ҵİڿɺãȻ˴ˣԨ۹ЩС
һֱһģЩڱƺ֮»صսϸô죿
Լ־εԨ»صսϣ˽֮սΪԨ۹ĹףǻԼ
Ҫ֮мƽãսˣҪȻ鷳ˡüͷţ֮ǰûпǹ顣ԭֻǴЩǣûҪָǵʵ
һһƵָ߶ȣѾòˡ
Ҳ̫ģ֮˴󲿷ֶսܺߣֻҪ΢һ£ǱΪ˷սѴڡ
⣬㰲ĵĳƵҩ֮Уһ֮Ҳ뵽ƵҩĹĸ˼ӰӵŬţڰھȻ㹻ĵҩ
ÿ춼дĵҩңϵЦԽŨˡڵҩİ֮£ǿԽԽˣʵŷۺţǶԴ̬Ѿ˸ı䣬ǶԲˡ
صʱһССУЦĵݸ˶ˡ
˼ң͸ô࣬ˡЦе˵ںҵĲҩ֧£ĵҩרΪ׼ġ
𾪵ؿǵҩ˫ֲѣȻһ仰Ҳ˵˹һ̷᷿ȥ
һе¶һɣµæµѾˡ
ӵ㹻ĸ֣ӵ㹻׬ǮֶΣżᶨ
ѾΪɽǰ϶ĵҪǹķͷ


291 µ
鶼ڰͰĽչţĽѾӽβҵָǷ
Ѱˣڷôö֮󣬷׷׷ӵչԽԽǰҲش˵ԶԶشȥ
˼ǣ˾Ȼָˣٽʲô׵ǡ
ϳĵطһ޴ĵˡ
µʱռѾƷηֲţı߽ߡ
ţǳ⣬һи֮۲žǼݺշչΪŵʵͽ
˵Ǹĺ°ԼúķʲôܹϵɢԼţø֮
뿪ɽǵʱ˰΢΢һЦųɾ͡
˶ݵʱڣ㽫ɽǵĸֽ˾޴ĵٳԼһκεطһݾ˵ĳɾ͡
οһˣʱǷǳ棬֪Ԩ۹еش˾Ȼһˣ֪ǵıǶôʡ
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һҵĲΧ·ʲôһ㡣
һ㶣űдϲ֪˲һ񵥵ǿƣͲһܹӵеġ
ԪֻˣһĴЦɲǶ
Ԫ죿еԾһֱûʶ˵֣ԷҲû˵һֱǰغŶԷ˼ҡ
ڿԪҲǸͨɫǰ϶һǿڣҪȻôޱȵأ
ҵϵزţűͬˮһٵĵط۶ȥ
һյĹһйƽļλ˶ѡ
ĺԽŨˣԪǰǸʲôأ
ˢˢˢ
ƶһӰվǰһͷ׷ƮǺһĨŵЦݣͲСˣƤͬոճӤһ㡣
ڿվڵͬһȣǸмﰡ
٣ԪһݣԪɫ࣬ׯضذһΣΡ
֮Ԫ̧ͷϲõ˵ٵ֮ԪΪһ֮ŷ׳鲼Ԩ۹֮ϣ
ŶԷǹŨŨźǿϢЦ˵˼ңŶԪϣǹϲ˰Իһɳ죡
Ԫص˵ͷĻﲻÿɷ
ĺͰԪʧ࣬ЩϺͰԵ
٣ҲʧģԪ˫۾ͬŴĿ̫һ㣬ġ
ʱһԵļλ˲ŲΡΡݺ˹׷ץסԪ˫ۣѾˡ
磡
Ԫ˧
ڻ˰ǵһʵ̫ˣ

λ˷׷׿ڸпǧΨԪͦñֱڰֳ˵Ԫ˧Ѿˣ˺ܾˡԪ죬ŵӣҪŵĹԷ󣡡
˾һ㶣ű˹ǵһжǴϵģûǱһϹͷûʲôô
ԣŷ󣡡
꣡
꣡

˻ԽԽ࣬ڶ̶̵ʱڣ˶ʼغǵ֪֪ʲô顣
Ԫϣò˶ʱ䣬ܹ½ԪӤˣڶνͼ򵥶ˡһЦ˫档
Ԫͷ۾ΪǼϻ֮⣬û֪ݡ
Ԩ۹һԪ˧˭ܹ뵽ڰɽǵƶ֣
Ͳ²⵽Ԫݻô򵥣Ҳû뵽ﵽԪӤڣԨ۹Ԫ˧֮һ
߿̫̫ĹˣȤһĹˣһԹĵˣָ±𣿺Ȼǲܵģ
ǣԪĻᣬűѡ
ԪڣδӹˡЦ˵˵꾹Ȼֱת뿪ˣʣһȺЦݵǡ
øղŵֳʺϾָʵԪҪúøһĸоͬʱҲҪԼϻǷһϲá
ԪǿǲõˣͺܸߣھǴֻŶ̤뵽ԪӤУԪӤڣһж˳ˡ
ҲǸ뿪ʱˡ
ص֮Уʮ֮ôʱڻ޷ȫƿأܾʲôطͷʲô
ڵĸѾкתӴܺ·ܹɵеĶ
һ߰һѰµķҪȻ˶֪ˡ
ģ֮дһɷоƺʲôںԼ޷רĵĽ
۾ž޲һ˿죬ڵĵȷȷǸܵʲôںԼ
ңӦûʲôҰɣüͷ΢ЩǲĳЩʲôıġ
֮ˣǿеؽɸоѹûһʱ䣬ǿҵĺٴδ
ûûеĽһ浽޷ĸоô
ˣȥɣСĵͺáЦһҪһֱôţʲôҲȥˡ
ŵ·һк뿪ѭǺķٸȥ
֮оǺȻˣʱЩ⡣˻߶ٻԼôȴûжˣ
ѵһı
ǿʶɨͣһЩ
ǰʮﴦһϿȣڴһƬƽԭﾹȻһҵ
ʶϸɨһΪʲôԼожںԼˡ
Լľ·ڽսŵԨˣԼЩԾЩ˸Ͳˣֻ߶Щˡ
ôܿһһȺոˡ
ȣ
һǿ͸˿ռ䣬ֱЩײҰ޶ȥ
ţգۼͳҰȺУֿȭչĹЩָҰ¾һա
ҰȺ˸׷ŭ˹ȥҰƺŵѪζǣм俿š
ʵǿᣬɿȺҲüͷֱ塣
쿴شˣ
Ȼشˣǹð
찡ǿ˰شˣоˣо˰
شˣͰͰ



292 
Щ˿صĺĿЦá
˭뵽ĺȻЩԨ˷ģֻΪԼ
΢һˣӦ֮ãԼڵõ֮ͬʱҲҪȥһЩġ
ǵնɱ˴ϵԼǺһܵĽнܣǾԼҪ㶫ɡ
⾿Ǹʲô޴̽飬ֻԼһƿÿһռתĹ򣬲ʲô˶Υռ־ͻ鷳鷳ǱΪ֣ܶľ׽ԼǷǳеų
ôˣȸɵЩҰ˵ɡüͷһš˫Ĺâ˫ȭ˫裬ÿһιһͷҰֱӷ˳ȥ
ڶ̶̵ʱڣƾնɱͷҰޣҲһЩڡ
Ұ޶һЩǵĴڣڵľҲԼΪҲ֪ʲôǺ£Ҳ֪ʲôߡΪʲô֪ԼǸ޵еĴڵʱ򣬻ߣǰķǰأ
һնɱһϸع۲ţһЩߡЩҰ޵ſ־壬ǵȻǱңһسԼ·ڿǣ
ߣȻҲûа취ˡһ񽥽رֵʱҲ顣
ˢˢˢ
顭
ϵس֣ҰȺۿɼٶȼټš
ãϿȿյϾͰ˸ָҰ޵ʬ壬ÿһֻҰ޶һ
ԽԽܹ꣬ĳЩҰޱȻǱ˿ˣɿƵΪԼ
Ҫ֪Դ֮ҰȺûȥԨ˵鷳תȫԼ
ɱԷ˿ûͣµ˼Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ӴָгһȶͨĴ󵶣ͺһǼӿոٶȡ
㲻ҪҰȺɵ𣿺õģûκ⣬ҾͽЩҰȫնɱˣľһҰζͣ
ٶͬһʱʱֵ֮Ұ޶شһȵʬ塣
һʱٶսӶһʬ֮䡣
˸źâĴ󵶣ɫ飬ͬһɱһվûܹâ
ɱɾеҰޣȴûзǲٿ֮˵ѵһμ򵥵޳
ʱ򣬼ѾеҰȫնɱһԨ˷׷׹ڵأжµĺʲô
ЩΣҪǰѰӣ϶תߣ޳ֵʵ̫ˣȫԼ
ҪףôһѰԼ鷳͵ǰ
Ƕǰʵ˭ҵģ
شˣǰɽ֣ҵˣոմӱ𴦹û뵽ߵ޳ͷ֮˿˵Щݵ顣
ͷȴû˿Źǵ˼ΪβҪͨ߹Ͽȡ
һ⻰ͷ֮˱Ŀɬҡͷ̾Ϣһſ˵شˣǲɹȥǸͷɲȥ
ɲȥ̲סЦһͷ֮˵񶼱Ϭ
֪æؽ˵شˣǸոշɵϿȻصʱ򣬱ǸоһɼΪǿֱӽץ˵ϣͷɲ
Ȼᱻǿǿ϶˹ȥˣΪЩʱطﲢûʲô֮
˵˫֣ٲȻһҪȫļơ
˸æӿʼ֮ǰȫ˵һ飬ԭطǱĳ־޴סˣҪֻͨǰߣҺͺ󷽸޷ͨУ֮µֻܹǰߡ
ûмǷϿȶһҵ𶯣ûñǿֲ֮޳
޳˵Ͷչ˷ĹڿʼʱɱǼһ֣ʣµ˻϶û˶ôķ֮
ʱ޳ȴֻͣǽǸεΧסƺûмɱ˵˼ˡ
аʱҰǲſʼһʱɱһˣȻ͵ʣ˵潫˸Ե
ر˿ʼˣ֪˭һش˵ţ˱ǿϣһط
ٵСļţʱͳˡ
ˣⴿһΪԼõ尡
ҪɵԼԲŻֵطôֶ󷨣ǰЩһһ뵽ľ֮Сھʱ򶼻ἤָĿܣЩĿȾĶ飬ĹͷȻʧЧĴڡ
ıȻ޹ңһгһȣѾŭˡ
Щʵ̫Ȼַʰ
û֪ʲôó޳ģһǿʵ
Ĭˣǻû˵ʲôܹ޳ϾеǿҰ޺ܶ࣬һǾǿĴڣԸҲԸⱻʹ
ԣЩˣмܹӰŵҰޡ
ءشˣȻһСȺд
Ťͷһ˵Ǹߣϲ˲ɣдµĺۼ
˼ңл˵Ҿһ˵ԣϸ˵
ߵͷһĭòΡΡ˵شˣͷҵ˵Щ˻ֻ֮ǲȷǲġ
޷˼㾡˵ˡͷ˵ϢܱûϢҪĺð
شˡȿȣҵĸ˵һħа֯һЩ˾óܹ֮Ұȥ˲Ż飡˼һ˵ţһ߿ţȻǷǳ
ͷʾԼ֪ˣ䵽ߵĸﱻһ޴ĿӣȻѾֹסѪûнһҲ޷ֵسǵġ
Ӵָͳһɫĵҩһԥر뵽ߵһ°ͣǵҩǻ˿һů˲
һ⻪˸ú߾ȻԼվмؾҪ¹ͷԱԼĸл֮顣
ֽ̧˼ҵҪлл㣬һ֪˾˭
˵˵˼ңǿ뿪ɣѾʧˣﲻΣˣٶȻسǣȻȥưɡ
һлӱĥٴοʼسǵĵ·
ŽԶȥƺһŻ棬ԽԽ


293 Ѱټ
ħߣ벻ǻطңǹݵİ
˵΢΢ţâ˸·Ǵ͸˿ռ䣬䲻ѡ
ħֻǽϣȴôţϾԷǿҲһа֯ܲɱɣ
鷳ҲẦ£ǿʵ̡
ǧ㣬û㵽˼һͨ˵֮ٻ
ħȻôԶ϶вٵĴУҵһЩ˿ɡһڵŭѹȥҪʱ̱һ侲࣬һĴԣܹڲܵս֮ϡ
ħѾɱˣҪǲ˼һ㣬վ˵ȥġ
ԭأҪħ˻᲻ԼţΧҲûʲô֣ԷҪɱǸĻᡣ
ʶϵɨΧϸĵؽһƬռÿһ綼ϸز鿴ţöԷȻƷе󷨶ʹóˣ϶һ㶫
ȻܿһΪײҵĽܵһϾҪɢȫϢ
ʩչ󷨵ģɢ֮ͻܿʧ
ߣҵһĻʲôҲˡЦһϢĸоסȻ˳ϢӦԷĴڡ
ѰһûзֶԷĴڣкǻǲѾ뿪ܾˣΧϢûһ˿һ
ģʶ̽鵽һ¶ȷǳ͵ĺ̶⺮̶Χݲˮ߸һûУȫ
ƫƫĵطûҶ䣬ûʯӹ䣬ûлͷʱ򣬲һ˿˿Ϊ΢𵴡
Ȼǳ΢Ȼ׽ˡ
׻˵ĺã³ⲻܳ𵴲Ƶĵط⣬϶鷢
ټ⺮̶ˮǳ䣬Ǳħ֮ϲĵط
ѹָܲϢԭصˮˣߺߣ¿ǸܣһӺԾ𣬾ֱطɱȥ
ǳһۣóһԼϣһ˶ķ磬̶ֱȥ
Чڿ̶һŴϣĿضǺ̶ųʶϵ̽š
ʶˮ棬ͷһǿ󷨽Ƹڱ棬ûרŵֶξĻԻ޴ķӦ
⴫õıħҲ򵥣ҵöϼСˣ˶Էĵͷ뵽ȻǿҲûǿ󵽾Ե졣һԷ㹻סҲû˿İ취
ȫҲżԼʶһһ̽Ѱ󷨽Ƶһһƽ
ʼʱ򻹻һЩٶȾͿѾϤȥѰ©Щ©û˿Ӧͻƽȥ
ʱ֮⺮̶İʮһ󷨽ƣ˺̶
ĶҪΧǲʲôֶܹһöԷǰ¼š
һյĹƲƲͣټȴһԵ뵽˺̶֮С
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뺮̶֮ʶ·۾һ㣬̶֮ÿһ˸һ
ûʲôΣգֻ⺮̶емɡ
³ȥط˺̶ײһڣӦþĿĵء
ڴڼ仹ǼһԼȥ뵽˳С
˳ͨǰԼĪʮɣһŻǰ
ϢؽŻϵЧûɢȥϵˮȫٵһؽ
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źۣ涼˹ƺǸѲߵģÿ˵ʵǽв㣬Ҳǲˡ
Ų֪ζ֣ź̶µħ߸ǲ˽˿ԼӦöȡһϢˡ
ʶ̽ܲû˳֣ɫһһѾͬһس˵
ֳƣͬвһؼٻ£ؽŪ˹ȥ
Ըڵĸ־Ҫ׶˰޸п˵űʩչ˱ԼˣԸһݼ֮󣬾ǰԭӦȥѲˡ
Ӷֵɣ˲ʮʱ䣬ʱ䣬Ҳ뵽ܹڲκ˵£ʮڽ˿ס
ٴ˻صĽʼݼ䣬ϣԺеõй
ǹϽİﾹȻ㣡Ƽˣòʰ˶Է˵õϢȻǼΪͳһ
ħȼɭϵĺܣ˶һСӳ£ÿСӳֵ߰˸˲ȡﻹʮڵСӣǵκξѲ㣬Ԥ߽롣
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ÿСӳͬҪȫ㶨ĻֻܹǽӽʮСӳȫסˡ
ЦѰ⹤δҲе̫˰ɡܹһֱ˷֣㶨ôҲð
ҵСӳ˵ɡЦһѲ߶Ӵȥ
˱ǰҪֹͣԼֱӴһˣʩչģֻ϶Է·һѲȥˡ
ֻҪѲ߰ʱ㵽˻ʱ򣬵ͿԼνСӳˡ
Ѳߵʱ䣬ʶɢϵ̽Ӵĵħߵ
ǣʶѹˣܹ̽鵽ΧɵķΧԶһͻܵơ
鿴һ¼䣬ԭ⺮̶µħһ󣬰ʯþʶչֻܹ̽һΧ
尾һضȹ˰ʱĵطһСʯӣҲһСֶӵϢˡ
ǿǸСֶӳСֶӳӺܰؿڶһ˫۾˸ɭ񶾵ĹâƺʱЩ
࣬뿪ȥѲˣǺСʯڣһ仰Ҳ˵š
ÿ֮䶼˵һ仰һĽУЩ˷·һ߾ߵľż㣬Ͱÿһ顣
Ҫ˵仰Сӳ׽Ȼڳָ㶨ڿûô
һ룬۾һ۾ʶȴ֪ͨ˸һᡣ
һ̣Ե˱ͬʱ۾ݺݵŶԷȥ
صһ˷˿űǷش
Сӳɫһźâ۾ŭȵʲô
һΣħеһ˵
û˿ӦСӳǰҪֹˡ
ʱˡ


294 ħ
˲ͳСӳ編ƵĽй
ɾʱСӳȻ͵Աһһ֪⣡
ʲô
Ȼˣ
üͷһš֪ԷηԼġԷûдʲôҲôģֱӼӴ˹ȡ
СӻʵߣҪһݹ㾹Ȼ˼ǳ𣬿첻ɱƣСӳŭȵֻȴƺ±˸
һӾˣСӳ֮ЩìܣСӳΪԼΪǼűġ
ãȻˣǵǿһ¡
㻹֪̰īҵĹͣͳΪڸ߲ˣ˵˵˫ĿͬðŻһݺݵضСӳ
飡
ڶʱڱ㽻˼ΣûʹҲˣھʡܵʹãСӳȴãΪʲô
ͬڼ֮з˳ԭħ֯Լ֮ûģǰôôɱҲû⣬ΨһҪ㲻Ū̫Ķ˾ĳЩҲ͵ˡ
ΪɣСӳûжӲƴ
̲סؾˣδе̫˰ɣҲ˳ԼԼɶıħ֯
һߴţһţ˵ֿܣָԼԼϢűҵ⴦̶µħߡ
а֯ħʵ̫ˣ춼ȥˡ
ߣƾڵʵܹùҲŹ֣ĵĻһ㲻Сӳ˵֮еĽƻʱʱ֡
ȻķϻķŹҲŹġ
ˣթǿԵġ
ðɣǾסְɣ͹ȥˣһ㲻ҪҵĹˡװЭ˵˵Ӹ˺˹
Сӳͷ˵û⣬׳ͣ֡
˵꣬СӳŤͷˣ˵ס֣Ȼȥã
ǱħΪֲĴڣרŸʰͷЩ˹صˣֶζʹãĿľɱһӰ١
֣ͣǿʼϴҲԴڳһ׳Ƴļơ
ˣϻ˵ϽһҪæСӳ˵ƺԸղŵǹȥˡ
ɾʱСӳȴǲˣһ̱ǳǰһѷâذףݺݵشӡ
ߣֶ֪Σ߲ѣȴװʧ룬ԻСӳ
Сӳд˵⣬ƺɱѾڱصˡ
ϧܿͿϵľűЦݣǳõЦݣ
Ȼ۳ǿʶһԶض뵽СӳԴ
ˡ
ʶͬǧͷҰޱܹһ㣬СӳӽӲԭأã𾪡
ζ벻ȻĹֶΡ
ͺһȻСӳͷѸռ߶Էꡣ
Сӳǽ𵤸߲ĴڣʵѾǿˣټĹǳаţʶĺôȴǲСܹٽʶԿСӳʱǻЩʱġ
һУųһһ˻Ѩĸо
һֻϻһֻصϻֻҪںʵʱԼצӣܹش
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ħߵ㣬ٻռ䣬ռڻҪ࣬߾ʲôģСӳҲ֪
еСӳһˣ۷ΪŰŸСӳ
СӳļУʮֲֿһӱħײһһĴڣߵʮֿɹۡ
ֻҵܹõߵϢˣѲҪħȫеƵ뵽ֱѰħĵͼȻչ̺ʽĹ˶һ򾡡
˭ħķʶǿȻʩҪһθҪ˽ʽſԡ
Сӳļ䣬һǽǰܹڶڡ
˫ֽɸָӡᣬռеķʽϵĴǰıǽһӡǽ¶
üͷһ巢СӳеͬϸһڡıûϸСӳ·¼
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ϵĴڱǽ֮ϣСӳǰСϽð˺ˮЩԾüͷħʵ̫Ź˰ֶθ׽͸
СģСģ
ԼʵǿһȺΧأһȺǿΧĻҲûа취ġҪԼڵݣñ֪ˣ͵ùˡ
ƤǲóʹãҪǱ֪ؾڰɽǵһиͻữΪС
ڵİɽǶȻ㣬Ȼ޷֮ĳ໥⣬ʵݱ¶ֻС
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Ĵϰ֮Сӳɫ԰Ѫǽ˷Ӧ
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СӳǰȥԴ·һĺһ㣬ϴžֺͺؿܡ
ʶٴչС̽ŵڶ
ڶȷǱȵһҪˣĵòҲ˺ܴĸı䡣Χʱʱܹһʯĺܣܹһι״Ľ߲ϵš
СӳǲڵĵطȥԼǸʵʵš
վסģһŭȴԱߴŵһ¡
СӳͣӣʶʱŷԱԭһš
ʵߣ𵤸߲Ϊȴܹܹҵʶ̽飬Ӧʲôķڱɡ治ɫؿͻأֵˣ²
ǾСӳʲôüͷʵһ˫۾ͬı飬ƺֻҪСӳ˵Ļ޷⣬ͻɱ
Сӳʩһ΢˵̹٣Ҵȡͷġ
Ŷȡͷߺߣ˻ͷһμ̹ٵЦСӳǲмͷ̡
ʲô飿ȻҪСӳϣ㲻ƭңҪȻһĺܲٴ̹پȻѾʱ׼սˡ
Сӳδ鲢İ϶ѻһĨЦݣӽָͳһﶪ̹١


295 ħη
ϸǶһɢŴ̹ǺĺڲĵҩƵֶӦòܸߡ
ҩһ֣̹صͷһ㲻ˡ
Сӳ̹ЦЦֹ˹֣Ŵȥ
ЩСӳٻֻڱʱŻ룬ÿνʱ򶼻ܵȫ̹ٵѡ
۵ĵҩа֯ħеɫҩ˵ܹЧߵΪħ⹦˵һִҩܹʡʱ䡣
ڽ뵽ʱ̹ܵٵĵҪһŵҩѾΪһֹ涨Ҳһųⲿϸķˡ
һգղԼĻǿ϶Ҫ鷳һЩġ
̹ٵʵǿ󣬵һͨѶķܹڷֲ׵ĵһ˲֪ͨˣʱһֻ֮˰ûбİ취ˡ
СӳһֱȥʶѾ󲿷̽ĲЩԾڶȻǱȵһ󣬶ŨҲࡣ
Ҫõڶľ󲿷Ϣ͵ȥǸֻпܹһ㣬Ӷֱ
ҲԼе㲻ףɽԼĳʵֶ֮⣬ѹûʲôܹǱл֡
˵ˣѾоڿסħ֮Ժڵܲһ˿ǳ΢ĲƺԼΪһַ
Ҫ취ʰһЩˡ
סӣСӳ߹հ˹պԹһ㡣Ҫļǿ󣬿ͱˡ
ҲһְȫֶΣһе뵽˵ڶ㣬ҲڶʱҵĵڣǶԷѵֱƹȥ
аʱżνĲ
֣ں߾һֻ·ĺܣ˵Ļ
ϸܵһɹǿϢһʵǳǿ󣬾ȻǸ벽̤ԪӤڵĸ֣
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ϸһ㷢Ѿ˿ͻԪӤڵĳ̶ȣƺһֱѹŲûżԪӤڡ
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ҪڵħߵߣҲʲôĵģֶ̫ܹĥԷ˼ҵĵϣһԷֲˣҪ׷϶ԷǷǳѵġ
ϴ󣡡СӳԷǰֱؽ䵽ͣغһ䡣
ѧʵʵһ
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Сӳǰһʾ֮¹˵ϴСͬӵ˴ܷġ
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˴һֲָͨͨ߶һ䱻ɱηһŻ֮ʲô
Сߺú÷˼ɣȳʱͻ֪ԼˡӦǵһɣţȻܵġѺ֮ٴο˵֪в
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ֻҪħˣû£Ǿ޷ͻƳȥġ
⵹һİ취Խһ¡󷨵ЩˣôߣԼΪǿȴǸһ
ϧ󷨶ûʲôôɵر㽫ʶ͸󷨣η֮С
ʶϵţԽߣ󷨵ǿȾԽǿѹŵĴʵԽǿ
˼ͨѺŵ˶ǲһģڵҲѺĶǱħ֮֯ڵˣҲǶѺһЩˡ
ѡһ䷿䣬ʶС͸У󷨸ıԼĿ֮ǿѹŵˡ
ȫ¶һ㵭Ľɫâаţ˫۽ƺ緢κ鶼Ȥ
ϸشһ֮󣬷һﾹȻǸˣ
ˣħס˵ˣΪ
ЩԾѾþûмˡһʶ΢Ӵһ£ϣܹѹ
˭ͳ͵۾¶һ԰ɫͫ


296 
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ûż˵ʲôٴηʵ
ûʲô⣬˵лЩϲüͷϸع۲һ󣬲ſ˵ʲôˣ
֮ˡ˵ԷסĻӦû֪Ĵڡ
˵߶֮ĸ֣ƺڻ䣬ƺж٣һԡ
ҲżʶֳɲͬĲ֣ϵ̽ÿһηеĴڡ
һ̽ˡħӦרźʹ˵ģηʵ̫ˣҴ󲿷ֵ߶ˡ
η֮г˱ħ֮⣬ˣԨˣˮˣ˵ȵȵȵȡ
ӵе弸ôһ߹š
ʱ˿ˣѾܾˡҲ֪ʲôֱң㲻Σա
İɣͬҲẦġ˵ֿڽһĴ
˵ǽʱŭֱЩĻӣȻЩ飬ҵܣԼСС̣
ڵǵ۹һ֧ؾͻ𣬱ˮ֮еĴսǵֵס˺ˮԨǿ󹥻ЩԺ㶼֪ġ˵ʵǿĺܣЩ
΢ʩչһ£߽ǲ⵭ȥǿԿġ
֮֮˵Ķģؾϣǰɫ˸ŵâ֮
ƺǲɻ󣬽ȻǺһЦ˵ôǲǾҵ۾⣿ûмˣãҸһ˵Ҳա㾦Ƿ֪
֪ӦһȴǸӲˡѵ˵۾ǱŪϹˣ
һдЩŭͲʣ˵ҽݺ꣬Ϊǵ۹ȫѪȴûϵᱻ͢鳼ұ˫ۣʧȥ˾󲿷ֵʵӲԪӤڵ뵽˽ڣ
üͷһ壬߶˫ֶǷǳ⣬ֻҪеܹǱû⣬Ͼʶ˫ۿĻҪġ
֪ʲô˫۶˵Ǳزȱģɶҽ˵ȴǲͬҽǿǿһ˫۾֮ϡû˽ۣǵһλġ˵ʱѾõͳή
΢΢̾Ϣһβ˽ָо߸ϣȴΪ˽֮˭̲ס
ħ۾ʲôôʵлĻҪָ۾
Ĭ˰죬Ų鲻Ը˵ҵ۾ʱˣҪȻȺҲץסҡħǸǳ֯Ƕκ鶼ȤԻ᲻ϵռָо
оˣƺЩˣħа֯꣬еڶûбȫĶɱ㹻˵ǵʵۺޱȡ
ͨоǿ˵ص㣬һ̶ϻȡԷʵ˵Ҳһķ
ôҽһЩ顣ħסΪ˶ص̾ϢһҲ֪Լסôˣûлȥ
ȻðļһͲʲôϣôҲΪ˽һƶˡ
ħ֮ǱħΪľǱǵ϶ȣȻʵ˵кڶʱһĳɹʡ
Щص˵ͷԼֻ˵һ㣬Է㹻˵ԷǸͨˣһϣ֮ȼ
ħһֱ࣬кܶʵǿĴڣΪʲôҪס壿ΪľıĿ±˸ˣʱħȱҲԴħƺǳ˽⣬ٴθһܡ
ԭˣ
ˣħʹҲԽǿҡҪѰһᣬ׵شħߡ
ֻһ˸޷ڼϽ˵ħǿ˶ĴڣҪһնɱɲô׵ġ
鷳ܶడִ̾ĴڣԸԲôס
ܹųܰһ𵷻ħ𣿡Լǿ϶ɵض࣬ĿԽıħ֮һ򾡣
ϧĬˣǽеİɫͫκ̾Ϣһ˵û۾Ҹûжôܹһҵ۾ǿ϶ûˡҲ²ҵ۾ûбʹõ϶ʲôط
۾һ˵ģǾǸֻڵͲ֪ȥѰ۾
ãһᾡȥѰҵģҰɡˡһջǴӦ˽Ҫ
۾û۾ĺܶ๦͹ʽ޷ӳʵҲǸиڣʲô̫ôһӵ۾ƾѪеĶԽʵָ۷壬ܹԪӤڵĸһս
ʶ˻ֲϵƽ󷨣۲嵽ʲôȻʲôĶУ󲿷ֶʵǿ֮ˣǱѺѹôãȻܹɢǿϢ
ЩѺıħԼˣǻڷ裬ڳ˯Ҳܹʲôæ
һǵóȥЦһ˰쾢ŰԼŪֵ뷨ӰԼŪȥ˷ʱĲࡣ
úܻ㣬֪˽ĴںͱħѺЩ˵ĿʲôȻЩ齥ЩüĿˣһЩǳֵĴɱһЩıħ֯йϵɡ
ĵطվ˫ǰ˼ӡǣŵͺһ赲󷨾һģɢ
úվͨȥ
طһˣһ֮ǰεˣһǸĬԵߣһֱԱߣƺκ鶼ûȤ
ۿžҪڵķ䣬һõವһӱ˳ȥһ΢ιû˿ĸо
Щɻ۾ƣҲûзʲôֻԼˡ
ɭɭηֱͨȥһû߹ĵ·ǰʲôͲΪ֪ˡ
ͨܳһ̽أһ߱ź㶨ٶǰУһʱżе㲻ͬĶ֡
һŻͭͣϱ߿̻һι״ı־ѩȴǸһɭɭ˵ĸо
ϸز鿴ҪҵһЩ˿ŻͰʶռ䶼˸Ȼûзڡ


297 ¯
꣡
ȻһĻת
üͷһšȻǴǰ޴Żд
ЧһЩ΢΢ɵرϷǽ֮ϣû˿ôء
ûЩףһС͵󷨣Űصȴ
ǡ
תԽԽˣ񣬰ؿš
֮ͭϵǶѩȻʼڻܲϵȥ
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ܿ죬֮ͭϳһͬͨŲش
˵ϵĹܲܳɹ
ٺ٣أϹӵʵͺǿ˽۷壬ҪǲɹǲŹˡ
˵ҲԣӵǺðȻܹõһ˺õ壬Ľˡ
żǵĹ㹻࣬ʱһһ𣿡

߶߶˵ţû뵽˸һ
Ͻ߰īʲôʱҪˣûпǵͭŴҪôʱ䣬Ҳû뵽˻īۿʱҪˣʱɢĲ϶˷ֵġ
ûа취ֻܶһˣ
סĬĬ֮ͨľ룬ԼԼĸ߶Ҫʱȵȡ
ۿͨͨȻأ˻ûתرյʱ֮Уһԡ
ʱЧʧˡ
ת˲е㲻ͷҲûжʲôܲǵƤӵȥɣ
˵ˣħľݵôһֱû鷢ǵôġ
漴˹رͭŻ첽ȥˡ
֮ͭһֱضŵĽĸղŵĶᱻ֮˷ˡ
һʱ䣬Ҳҷųʶȥ̽ΧĻˡ
ǰĿռǳֻǰһӰǽε赲˺ߵĶ
СǰŲŽŲӰǽ֮ǰ˳ͨ˹ȥ
Ӱǽ֮ǸӿĿռ䣬һЩ͵ƣ谵ĵƹռնѹ
ʶСĵ̽пռ䣬һͼԺС
Ȼô󣿻ôķ䣡ˣ˶ռΧ鲼һС䣬Сʲô֪ÿһﶼɭϢ
ռĵУһ֮ͭһģһͼ񣬲֪ʲôô
ϸؽÿһ䶼̽һ飬ֻһˣһһˡ
һεȷ˰ȫ֮Ƿǰͳһʶĵŷ϶˷ڡ
䲻˸ųĹâмһСɵ¯ӣ֪ʲôġ
һԵЩӰںٺٵЦţǰʯ̨ϱ߰ڷŵһ߽׳ƺѾû˶ʶ
ӦþʲôϵĹӰɣĲ꣬ûпʼжᡣ뵽һ˿Ц
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һǲм˷ܣһ͸ͷԳԡ
ǺܺãĸǱħݵϣСиָĺôҲʮţرǽΪ˽в㡣ֻҪǿ壬ȻܹɵƳвĽ뵽۷״̬
һ뵽۷ԼܹõĺôӶӿٶȣﻹܲˣ
νּ̩Ǹﲻ٣ȴûзͱ󷨷ӡס˵ĴϹâ΢΢˸һֵʶڽơ
ٵȴˣ⣬ܹõԷļ䣬ǿ϶ĺô
Ƹ벻ķۣûű֮ܰĵرˡ
һΣòˣΪصĴҪƶ϶ᷢʱ͵Ϯûˡ
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ţüͷһšӸµؿ
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ɱ
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㡭㾿˭ʧɫ֪ǰе˸Ͳʲô£һͷҪɱĶǣ
ٺһЦӣصİ
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סҲϻֱӱʩչҪһסĻ֮ƺʲô谭ѰᷨȴǷָûжЧ
ߣǱӸ˲ֽŰһӴ˿ᡣ
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298 黢
˳ɣ
һԲдЩϸǸӡ
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ڼĺôʵ̫ˣͲܹͳƵġ
ɨһ۷䣬üͷһ彫˳ֻȭͷԴˣȴû˼뵽һּ״̬֮СԸģΪľǲñ滻Ķ¯
ĨŻϵĽƣǹЦݣɵĿŴſڽڳ֡
ôɣҾ˵ҲʧܣߺߣûʲôܹʧܣģNɪĺܵ˵
治֪ڳôŶӵģҪǻԻһȥúýһôˡ
ڳ´һһ˵ãܺãӵĶӾţƣҿ˭鷳Ū
һ˲䣬Щˣ丸ӰԸ
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طһ֣ܺԴ԰
Դ԰ʲôطлһҪȥڻʵʵصӰɡЩƵ뵽ڳȻǸħͷɲôҲǸĸףǰ顣
мҪע⣬Ҫ⺮̶ߣ߲Ǻ̫ƽܶ鷳ڳִһں󣬱ֱӹţ˵
üͷһšǸϲֵļһÿԷطڱڳôһ˵ǵڽ
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׻˵ĺ֪Ī縸ڳ֪˵ûأƾ
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һڳǷʵݣһŵҩȥûʲô·˵ˡ
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˷ù򶾵֮󣬲ǺˮŮ֮飬ᴫأˡ
ʱ䣬ڳָֿĵȰ˵̷һ򶾵Ҹֱ֤򶾵õĶ
ʱҲʶ򶾵ϸ̽һ򶾵ȻǾ綾֮ƶɣǲ̫ĶԵģȥҲʲôΣա
Ҳƴǵ̫ˣϾԸ鲻ƴ̫࣬ʱͻӦϾԼϵǲʲôġ
˺ˣ֪ˣɣͷҾͳڳһͷ˵ֽǵҩץСⶫǻԣɾԲڣһиʲôʧǿɾˡ
˭룬ƫƫʲôͻʲô
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Թڳ֣ջѧģƲһڽ򶾵ȥ
ҩھͻˣûüܽаٶʧˣڼ֮ÿһﶼܹܵⶫĴڡ
ǺðԵ򶾵̲ס̾һ򶾵֮ͲܹƿصˣڿΪɡ
ڳּ˵ҩ֮󣬵ͷʮ˵⻹࣬׵ܺʵʵҩ㣬ȥӡ
ӦһͰһڵĶػΣգܺӡʲôץһļ䣬ֳЦ
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仰˵Ҫ⣬öˣǳȥһѪ㹻ϼˡ
ص㣬е⣬ԺֻҪսʱŵѪͿõȥ
ʰ飬鿴ӡϢ
ǰɣħ߲쵼Ȼӡ


299 ӡ
ӡʶǵһ˵ǰĳʶ˵а̵ϴӦǽʲôģٲȻͷʲôġ
ӡֵȷǸ¶
Դ߶ӡǳ٣ϾǴ˵֪ô˵ĴڣıһƬհס
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֮ϣڵ֮ϵټܵİڲ໹֮û֮ȫתԼǿ϶һء
ʱڲ֪ŵһɶڶ峿͵۾ȵȫѹ
ɡڳֵٴ˵֮󣬸ǾĶ̫ˣһƿ˷ţüͷ
ʲôǲǾñӽǳЦ˵ϵԽˡ
õĻÿʵʲôʱ򣬶һ
ڳֵͷȴûʲô̸Ȥ߽ѹ˵СӸʵһ㣬ӡ·ʲô֮ʱҺܵġ
ӡ
Щ⣬ӡӡɣΪʲôҪӡѵ߸ˣ
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ڳֿ˿ʱ仹磬ҲЩҪ֪ģǸ˵һ˵ӡ顣
νӡƹŴӡа֯ħʱ򣬴ʼ˵бһӡиָĹܣʹӡʵǿȫԽµ֡
űħĲϷչôԨ۹۹Լݵ㣬ķΧ̵ԽԽֵµҲԽԽࡣ
һ࣬ͼһڿʱͲôסڵӡһϵеĸı䣬ȨΪӡоŸСӡ׳ƾӡ
ӡڴӡƿ֮£ڷֲ㼶ȥƸһԱħʼֻһ˵ŸӡǴӡĸڣᱳѵˡ
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ӡҪСġǵһμӡ˵ǸĺһˣˬˣͻֱӸɵ㣡ڳµ˵ӡһֱãʵǿҪиǲ֪ɱ˶ˡ
ֲİɡҾԶԶضſţ鲻ÿҡƲƲ˵ϸǱֳһмһ˵ģ
ڳ̫˽Լˣεҡҡͷ֮Ŷȥ
ħħߵĺڣܹߵ˶ЩλĴڣҵҲȫ춼ŵģֻڰ̶ʱڲŻ˳룬ҪָȨޣǳϸ
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һõħߣռ㹻ˣǾӦûصʲôϾڵħ߿˵㶫ȤĴڡ
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ӡڻûеѾŵزˣɭĴƮһɵ㣬лš
ŵ⻨˲䣬ɫЩѿˣл㾹Ȼжģ
Сĵؿ˿ΧˣǶû⣬ֻԼַӦ
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ģһµͷðˡ
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ضˣħģȻǹĶЩ˵˳֮ҵڡ
ħ֯ˣ϶в˵ǣһƾǿнԵ׵ĻûʲôͼʩͲܴڶĺúõġ
ڵ飬ԼĿڱǲϽǱħתȽڵһСֵطħһԶԸǹˡ
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վţάڱħתڵϲñԷĸָҳһ˿
ˡ
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ӣǸʲôӡҪ˰
Ĵ֮УѹѹعһصˣӲŴһȫڻɫе˻ߵ֮ϡ
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ڳֻվԴǰĵ档
а̹Ȼа̰öôһЩʽϲأװŪģЩм뵽ڵϣ磬¶һֹˡ
˳ĬһźȻ˵ӡһ˵ġ
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üͷһšǿҵĲӿͷ
֪ӡҵʲôˣǱȻὫгġ⴦פصϴǸͷ̲֮סضһ£ǰһʵ
ӡص˵ͷЩ˵һϸŻ쵽Щߵġ
ϸȻмϸ
һ̣˶̧Դ˼ؿΧˣԵ˾ǸµļϸҪ֪ܹħϸûбֵľԲһ˱ȻҪġ
ڸһᣬܹԼ߳ҿˡһǵĻᣡĻҾֻ֮ˡ
ӡͬǾ޴һݺݵײ࣬һʱɫЩˡ


300 ı
֮Уɾǳ˳һٵĴȾš
ŬѹķҲ֪ӡ˵˻᲻
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һʹթַ֤ûмϸôҶżཥƽϢϹӦеı飬ԴԹԵվڳֵ֡
ʱ򣬲ܷʲô飬ϵڳΪڷ絲ġ
ӵƽϢڳ˶ûһԼǼϸġ
ӡһɭɭ˵ðɣȻ㲻ԼǾͲҪˡˣҰΧһܵˡ
һ뵽һӵĸֽгڶЩ˵װӦöӡԼĻ
ӡǼϸץҺýʬΣѰļϸ߰ϸˣǱħٻмϸ֣Ȼϸˣҵһܳͷġվڳֵϴ˵Ǹ֪Լ϶˲һ鷳õĻԼվͷ
ӡȴǵƳһۣ֮ûٸ˵һ仰ˡ
վϣӡ˫ͬһԱݺݵиÿһ˵ӡ
ãӡٺټЦ˵㲻ǰɣѾҵˣ
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һ˿УνӡѾ֪Ǹϸ˭ΪʲôֱӽԷû˼ıأ
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ˡ
ӡ˵ˣֻǲϵؼӴѹڵȴڶĲҪû˻ֲסվ
ǿѹȸгţֱһļžѹեţÿһ˵ͷڲţ֪Լֶܹʱ䡣
ڣڹаʱ֮һҪˡ
Ҫˣңң
šüͷһƣüһﾹȻһϸء
˵ĵλͣҲвһСͷĿˣͷ󺹣Ѿסӵĺ۸¶һǴ˵Լ԰ֽӡ
ŶڿվˣӡЦһȴλ֮ϡ
˴ݵϴȻתӣɫֱ࣬ƿȺ̤ߵǰһץס˵Ĳӡ
ȻҳǱħҿĲ˰ɣݵϴɫ־˵СͳһȭͷСĿ
Ѫ๾ţҽ쳹
ۿǰһУĺңղ΢嶯һ̧ԴһۣǾԲ㲻ûôսһ
ãֵһϸȻվ˳
ϴ󽫼ϸץСһץǰϸ֪Լ·Ѿû˵ҲżҲʹİš
쵰Ӷ㲻ɣ㾹Ȼֳ飬㵽Ϊʲôϴŭͣžһϡ
ӦأŭĿϴ󣬾ȻЦϵӣװʲôأΪʲô㻹𣿡
ףӺкϷҪ
;΢΢̧ԴСؿǰ飬֪ǸĻᡣ
ңʲôˣ˵ϴĴºΪϵӣ˵߶һǳԶıƾѱܹһ
ϸٺЦţȻֱӶӡ˵ӡҲǱħһԱҪǱȵʵûзˣҲ𺦱ħ飬ҲŹңֻ㽫óͷһȫϣһҪٵ
ȻܹҶṩһЩϢһʹһ㡣ӡɫ䣬ɫƫӽضżϸƺöԷĻġ
ƲƲͣӡķӺףǲô˵Чܺð
ãӡ仰ҲǷˣϵһֱڿ˿˵ǷĶǿ˿˵ģкܶǻģͲܹáԼҲеȨĲнףлȡ޴ĺôôǸŭԣֶκ̫֪ˣǱˣԲŻħҳĶСϢļϸ
ϸѾȥˣʱȻҪԹԹг𱨳ʱˡ
˼ϸĻ֮˶ˡħ˴ݵϴϵӾȻǸļϸⲻڿЦɣ
ҲЩ죬ϵһۣƲƲͣġ
֤ݣó֤ݣû֤ңϵȴǴ֣Ͳ˵滹Ǽ٣ֻҪû֤ݣһжͽ͡
˺һӡҪ֤ݸ㣬˵Ѷˣǰɱң
ӡ˵ͷû˿رǼϸȵΪ޷㹻Ӱɡ
ǰϸӴָͳһ򣬵ݸӡ֮󣬱һĺٺЦ
ϵɫȻû˿ĲףǲˬѹûʲôԱħ飬ҪȻħط˾Ҳᰲȫڡ
ˣҰϵӰˣӡ֮ɨϵһֿۣڳһ֮󣬲ſ˵
ӿɺãļ˶ͻͻ֪һַʲô֤ݡֻƵӦԼĲǼϸҲûƵ飬Ϊλᱻأ
ɵãһıţֱ϶ᱻǣȥġ
ʱ˿̣ϵһҪԼŭˣźӡϵΪħľûйģ㵹Ǹҿк֤ݣȻЩ㶼նɱˣ
ϵӻ䣬ӡͻȻǰžһϵӵĲᵽһԣֻûȥ
Ҹ㣬˵Ļ֤ݣòҪҷϻӡҽŲϵӵϣϥϣ˵·һɱ˿ħ
ϵӾҵؿţʵǿɱӡվǲһߵģ
ӡһһֱס˵ֵģҳ


301 Թ
ƣǳơ
ոձŶãʱھҪڹƣҪڲ岻ˣҪĿϷ
ӡĻڳ˶뵽žĿֻ֮У˭֪ӡҪûԼģһأ
һҪأ
ڳıħԱǿˣӡר¶ģǶϤϵӵΪ˴Ͳܽħ˵ѾվƬϵ壬ʲôĺôܹðյ飡
ҶˣھԵʵûͷʱĽǴװͿˡ
棡ӡ˵һ֣صȴ
ΣȻûκ˷Ӧ
˭棿û˵ְ
ӡĲǽд˰ɣô˶ûмǵ˭氡
֪ӡҪʲôؿžͺá
ݵĽ֮·ЩٴγĬֻ˭ܹ֮ܵѹž޴
ðɣȻ˲ԸҲԸԼ֣Ҿֻܺڵˡӡ˵ϴһ
ȻվǰڳЩͷ˫־Ȼһ
ţһٵͨʶ˹ҲҪסԼֻлŲܹΪұ𣡡
һ㶣ű׹¿ɺãĴˡ
ڣǲǣǾڳ֣ӡ˵˵ʱȻ
ڳ֪ԼܲȥˣһǲԸվ˳˵Ҿ棬ûʲôԲħ飡
ûȲ˵Ҿ֪ΪʲôҺʱûվӡһЦֻЦֲ̫ͬǽĦһ㡣
ڳһε˵ӡǶЩˣ˵Ҳ֪ûһ˴ڣҲš
ӡͷȻһ㲻ǵǵǸӳʲôɣ
˵꣬ӡɫһһŷֱӽƾո˹ȥ
һûзƾڵҪɵĺܣܹ䲻ؽӡֱӸɵˡ
ңңңװӦеķӦĶǾֺ;
ڳֿԼıӱסˣЩڣΪʲôҪŶأѶӻûгأһвͿԱ
ϧûҩģ
ڳһڰ˵ӡҵĶӣҿԸκ֪ġ
ӡʼ򣬺ǸɴľʹӦһ㽫˽£һʼտû뿪
˵ɣĿĵʲôӡȤؿڳֿ֣µŪζ
ڳֵͷ֪Լǹȥˣֱӿ˵ֻѹȥڱħС¿ʼΪ˸һȫĻɡ
ӡһǺЦ˵棬ľӡ֮һһ֮ʧȥӡ뿪˾ӡʧˣһΪǺǣ氡棬㻹ǲȵİ
˶٣ӡٴο˵˵ܲУƫƫܵ㲻֪ʲôطôҪĵط㶼֣ѹֻᱻ˷ְ
ڳüͷšأһۻڽµĻǽԭ𱬵Ϣ΢Щ͵վıֱһͷЩҵͷ£Ժ¶һд˲ɣЩζӡ
ֻû뵽ǻնɱڳ֣ŶӦýˡ浭˵Ѿû֮ǰĹһͬȼ֮Ľˡ
ӡʼزһЦǺǵ˵ûа취Ĵв
ȵҽУֻܰԼˡȻûôۣѾӡסˣܾû˸ҲҫһﾹȻ͵ʱȥ׼
ǻС𣿡ӡ̲סҡҡͷǲ֪ȫǸ竰ˣϵı¾һѷǽȥࡣ
һ࣬ҲܹŹûа취Ҳд죬һ෢չǵùľˡ
նҪ
ãܺã̫˰ұħͲΪа̣ҪЩ˽ӡˣôеǳսߣȺȨߣǻ쵰ڣ̲סˣŭŽ⻰˵˳
ƲƲͣħﻹһʷ
ˣϻôʲôӡķˣǶǵͽЩ˵ĴڣħѾΪһȥӡѾͷˣһƣΧԵȫɢˡ
ֻЩûзſЩ˳ȥƺǲġ
ããܺã浱һŹȺ쵰ҾҪΪӡıѩޣһȻֱӾͿʼӡˡ
ӡŭһ˫ַĵ£ſһЦҪɱңҾ׷˸ڷգ
˵꣬ӡޱȵһźݺ̤£ҪǱˣҲǸ˰
浱ۿӾͺˣŭżٳ˹ȫһҪļơ
һĻЩοǺ˻ǻˣڸĸŮ֮ĸ飬Զıġ
ҪɱңǵÿԸⲻԸ⣡һתƣŭһȫȻӲؽ㵲ѵӡȷ˳ȥ
ӡȵؿղŸܵһɼǿǸͲܹӵеġ
ƺӡĵϸһЦ˵ãµǿôʰ㣡
һӻûȥνݺᣬһ˸ǰס˵ߣȥĸ׵ĵطͻ֪еˣ
һ㶣Ȼе㲻˼ˣҪ֪ĶѾΪһ߿ڽָǰȴǸ˵ʱ򣬻ʲôӵĸо
ô̵ģԸ氲ĵȥҲΪ˼֤һݸɡ
ҲߣʲôӡûдЩ˻ȥΪʲôϵӵ鷳Χס˾ݵˣߣǴɱеˣһתƣǴ⡣
Ҫˮ̯ӻˮԽǻǣԽǻ档
⻰˾ǳĬ˼ϸһĻ˵㡣
һΣӿͷ˭Ըһ׵ȥ
ôҪ췴ǰɣӡһҲµǣɨһ·˵

䣬Χס˵Ļźеıײĺ죬ƷǷ
ʱˣûȥֱ굽˱˵ϵߣһǿקϵĽɡ
ϵӣҵĳ㲻Բħ飬Ҳҵ˼ûκλۣνӡҪɱеˣһʣ˵ǲӡǣǾó֤ݣ
Ŵغûʲôð취ˣΨһķЩԼڶ
ӡǲмһˣɵݵԱؿʼ궯ʱʼˣôı϶ᵹùġ
ãҪ֤ǰɣû⣡ҾǼʶʶħӡ


302 ɱ
ӡ
ڳ˶ˣǿӡħȨĵ
ӡϵǰЩ˻ᱻסغһͳһƴС˵ͷһӡٴΣħݣ
ϸز鿴һ£νӡǽľһͷɵģ͸¶ŹϢ
ӡ֮ϣ֪ǵ̵ĻǱʹһѩͼʱʱػԼתһ£ƺڸˣǸһ㡣
ҵ찡Ȼӡ
ӡô˭֪ǲӡǼðĻҪװ׵ˣ
ԣûȷĻǼٵ֮ǰǲܹЭˡ
ٺ٣ѵ֪ӡû¶һ˵Լ¶˵ûе
һﲻǼٵİɣҪȻô᲻֪飿
ǻӡ۷׷ףӡƼٵģأӡأ
ӡǰһĻ̲סһˣһżȻ¶أ
Ҫ֪ʲôʱӡǱħݺȨͲԼó˿±˲֪ӡһ㡣
ӡôˣ鼱֮µǿ⣬˴ıħԱɲʣ׷׽䶨˼ٵӡȥˡ
ʵ߶һ˳ӣ֪ӡĿģӡģôǾпܻᱻȫնɱڴˣǲأֻҪϣǾһƴ࿹ɢ׷ԼͿˡ
Ϊ棬Ϊ˻
дΪ⣬ӡó֮бħԱһ̶ĹڵأĻûа취Բˡ
ȴǲͬˣҶӡѾʼ˻ɣв֮£˭Ըһֻ۱һֻۡ
ףϵӽӡɵΣ˼룬ջѡȥҲڳϵ
ӵؿֻ֮εص˵ͷ
ӰˣֻҪͷͲõˣֱʶϵӹͨϵӣӡǼٵģǸӶһ֣Ķһնɱˣ
ϵ̧ۿһ£üͷ壬ȴûлظ
֪ϼһʲôڿԼûлɱӡʵϾӡɲһǧȷ֪ӡǸˣ
ϵӣȥҲס㣬ĿžӪ˶ľݵڱ˵ĿµľӢΪһ߾ʬ㿴ȥӿȥԱҪӡʶٴ˵Щ治˼άϵӡ
һַǳֵĶ޷ʱһڶϲϵظһѡ񣬲öʱ䣬ѡǸ
Ʊ仯̫죬һӡնɱһðıȥһˡ
ӡҪ֪ΪҪǾݵ㣿ǰһ̤ʵֻȻЩ
ӡһм˵֪СӡΪҪϻ
㲻˵Ҳû⣬˵һЦٴǰһȻһֱʵԽԪӤڵӡ
һĻŵСĸζ˺ü£һǰûż֣Է˼
ӡʵǿᣬЩոմԪӤżܹģһӡĶֵĻҲֻѡܣˡ
ٺ٣ҵҪС˵ʲôӡŭЦٺЦ˵һ˫۾·ڿһʬ塣
һЦװ˿£ǰһһΣݵʵģ
ӡûκηͻȻôһ仰ûסɫһ䡣Ȼܿ͵˹ɻǱ·˶۾ˡ
Ȳӡ٣˼ûˡཨһжҪˣǵĵλᱣס˵Խܵġ
أΪ׳һ˵ϾڵıħѾһˡҪոʵܹ༸ֵơϧû뵽Ǹ˫ֱֱضӡеĳζ˿Ρ
ӡһ⻰ˣҲܶԴͲֱͣ˵ܶԴһ˵ûдû뵽ͽȻϵӵҲǺģ
ִˣٴο˵ϵĲмԽˡ
˶٣˶ȫĻ˵Ҫϵӣ¶Ŀĵطϵ˭Ǿݵľͷ⣬ݵͻṰˡԣʱ鷳ʧȥƿأʣµıˡ
ΣǱħӡȨһеģӡЩˣû뵽Ļ쵰ĺ¡
ϣһİƣ˵ûдȨϧǰɽǣӵĵطڶ򣬳ϵӡ֣ûȨǵϵӣ
˵ˣ˶˵ЩĻǼҪ˻ЩԶŵĹ涨
ʵҲֻ֪ʱŴӼ֮зģ־ЩطãһԶժ˳
Ⱥˣм˿ͷɿ𣬸Ǵٽļ
ӡǼٵģһϣӡܲһһһ㣬ﳹ׵
ӡɫڣû뵽ڵôһӵܣƾʵ֮⣬ûжı¡ʵϣˣķǳװ
ѹеҷˣɱ⣡ӡһȫƴǣѾŭˣڵȴȥ
䣡
һ˲䣬ȦںȦͶˣԪݺᣬƹ졣̫˼У޷ӳ̫ս
ӡ˵֮󣬱ֱ֪һеɿ߶ԼûзϵֻҪȽնɱôʣµͼ򵥶ˡ
ӡһϵӱǶˣѾչĵز˫ֻ֮һĹϵˣֻʤ߲˵Ȩ
˶ʱսһţӡʵǿĺܣһӲƴֱӽϵײֱ
СӣȻһӵĺ£Ҳɱƣӡŭɽң޲ھͽĻǳһ
вмȴǱֵؾʧɫĴܶӡ׷ɱ
ӡʵǿ֮ǰȻһŶȥ
Ҫһĳɽ
ۿƾҪϵľʧ٣Į顣
˫һɣֵסȻǰ壬ݺݵزӡš
һһ


303 ӡ
ͬھ
ӡɫһ䣬û뵽غȻܹɱǷƴļƣҲûôˡ
һһСԴҪͬھأ
ݣӡһһת뿪ĹͬҲûв
һ֪ԼĶˡӡ϶ϧƾʵȨҪŪǵǷǳ򵥣ŪŪзˣ治㡣
ֵǣɱðӡĻ쵰ӡѩޣһȻԱߵĻǳȥ
ʩչֶΣϵعŶԷɵرǸɵˡ
ܵӰ죬ħݵ˷׷ŭŴơ
һǱȽʺо̰Щε˵ǻôһص㣬һ˴̵ʱ򣬲ܶôƣ뵽һЩơ
䡭
˫ʼʱЩϾǱħˣ˭޷ٵģɽ˭ʧֵʱһȥ֮˫˭Ҳ֣ȫߴ
̼˵ݣһƬһƬرŵˡЩɱĶȻǸرĴڣÿһʱвҽԷǲҽͱһʬ塣
ɱһҪŹˣеĳڶסкߵ˶æغۿӡѾƣȻҪɿһġ
֪˭һ˳ȥûñǽ˺һȺˣЩ˵ʵ̫ߣҲǽڵΪһ˻ûġ
أֵĴ･ذħݵվŵ࣬ӡЩѾΪϵʬÿһ˵϶жദ˿ڣеȫʬûˡ
һЦЧǳ⣬ڿӡϵӺĲϵΧ֮Ȼû¶ܼҲôã϶ദˡ
ףһ֮һӸ߸ߵİе˶ԼͦһĻ
ӡŭǲ֪ԼѾȫˣǿɶĸȴǱһԶնɱ˸һɶʹͬʱҲŭա
Щˣȥӡŭѣ˫۽ط죬ٴͳöӡٵ߶ʲô
ãҪʹӡֹϵһͼۣһǲҪسǰȥ
ﻹ֪һһףȻɵֱӳӡ
Ϊӡ֮һӡ֮ǸûսʤԷĻˡ
ӡȻԤϵЦһӼٵȥ˫ָǲϵش߶ӡϣܹ䷢á
ǲҪͽˣȻ˵ǼٵģҵҪôӡ뷢ɣŭһǿʼ
üͷһš֮һֱڹ۲죬˵ӡûǺȤģɵܵǹǿʱɫǳѿˡ
Žǿʼӡͺǿˣӡȫ㲻ϡ
⵹ҲǸᣬӡǿ˶ɱ˵Ļǵʡȴ鷳
üͷšͬһʵɽ壬ջǾ׵á
ɱͺһž벻ǺԶӡ˲ʩչɱ
ʧʱû˿ǿ˵ֻǰһԼǿˡ
ӡȻȦߣϵӺֵ׷ʹ֮£ҲЩġ
ģӡһĪΣдڳǰڹ֮⣬û˳֡
ѵСӣ
ӡʶɨһۣȴȵķֳ
ȥˣӡС֮ǷһĴ߶ӡֻҪӡô˭úˡ
һ̣ˡ
ӡͬǹһسˣ˫ȭһͬѾ޴ݺݵײӡĺϡ
أ
꣡
ȭͷýʵʵأӡһѪûסֱӾ˳ȥѪҺ䵽ӡϱߣʹԭɢŵĵɫâ˽ɫ˵Ĺ졣
쵰Ҫɱ㣡ӡˣǷǳصˣĹֱӴӡӡĹâֹͣ
ɱҵ˶ȥˣǸ𣿡Цһִӽָγ󵶣ӡ
ӡҲһŬصڵѪһ߶Ĺ
Ȼ䷢֣ʵͲǿô򵥣
ȣӡеӡһۣһ˿һȻ߸ߵ
˷׷̧ͷƯڰеӡ֪һﵽҪʲô
Щˣȫߣӡûȫڵĳ̶Ѿ㹻ȫնɱˣӡ״ħŭ
˺һһ˵Сģӡȥƣ
ƲˣӡȻڣͫһ˿ĺâžȻӡݺݵĵԼĶͷϡ
ɫĹâһγһ뽫ӡߡ
Źһ£ȴǷָ͵òʲôЧǱͣ˶ȥʲôù
ʱ濿һЩЩɬ˵ӡĪ⣬Ѿ˲ӡȻҪǵʤǳ٣
ʲôЧüͷһšȻر㿪ʵ
ʱҲԼĶΪα仯ôˣͷӡǳֲһ֮ͬ飬еԴԴϵͳҪĻֻС
ףǺ½ӡ˵ħķչá
ףڿɲǵĵʱ򣬿˵δɣǶǲˬ˵ʱ滹ò˵һﵹǸΪħĴڡ
УֻҪܹǣݻӡűҪǿаӡȳͿˡΣֻܰƽķ˵˳ҲҺõҲӡĻ֪Щ
ˣֵð˼ҿסֵðӡƳһô׾ܹİ
ϧѾûлˣ
ʱӡŵؿЦţ屬۵Ĺâһʱ˶òâ
ǣȫӡŭһ֮е˶
顭
İ豻ǿҵĿײκĶİ趼ĲɣǰڷŵһŶ¯Ѿɱײʲô˾ͻᴫһҽС
˶Сĵضţ±ǿ񱩵װ׵͵
ʶɨһȴ̲סЦӡôһ֮󣬴ܹ֮վŵ˾ûʣ¶ʮ
أ
⻹ӡ


304 ̵
ӡʵ̫ǿˣ󵽻Կ⡣
ϵӻͷһҲĴԼʣµʮˣһɬ
һսսʲôݵʵǻϱˣȥЩûл֮⣬ʣµľӢʣôˡ
ӡ̫ˣϵӶԱħĹ㾹ȻԴҡϵǵļⶼڲϵزţܹĳѾ͵ļˡ
ӡ״뷢ɣ棬⻰ȴǵ֮Ц˵㲻ʶ̧ٹ˭ģȴǲԭĥĥصڣҿȫȥĺá
ģӡɱЦˣ˭֪·ҴᱳѱħϵŭЦɫΪ죬žһ͸˵ƻ
ӡмغһָϵӣˬ˵Ǹ׳գұԸ鷳ֻƫƫҪһǾ͹ֲˣ
ϻô࣬ӡ㲻ҪɱбɣҪӡǾԵǿ󣬺ߣӡԶԶ֪Ҫֱ࣡Ӵ˵ĶԻָӡ˵İ
ӡҡҡͷ̾˵氡棬ôǶ֪㵱ʲôᶪӡΪ֪̫ˣΪʵ̫ǿˣѾв˴ӡȨԲŻôһϷֻǿϧ㵽ڶס
ɫǳѿ֪ӡ˵鵽ǲģһģôļʲôˣȴָ˼Ǯʲô
ӡڵʱںӡĻǾٶһ㡣ȻˣʶӡһֱڰӡߵҪһЩںϡ
ϵӾһ𣬲ӡ˵ĻǼٵģһﶼûбźģҪȻҲڰ׼ˡ
ְɣϵӣףǻҪʲôѵҪӡȫƿأŭͲˣƽﾫĸƵôڻôķϻ
ʵķӦҲһղһֵĻֱӽӡֱս
˶һۣȻͷűŭһͬʱȥ
һЦתͷŻŵıħԱغǻŸʲôȥæѵڵһ
ģʣʮ˷׷׳ȥֻ뵽ԼֻһЩڻңȥûڼ¾ͱڵˡ
ûֱȥһװģıȻһ֮󣬱ѡһʵĻᣬӡĹУװ˺ݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ڵϣ΢۾ȴƵĺܡһ£˵ûˤһۡ
䡭
˫սȻڽţ˴ϵ˺ԽԽ࣬ⲢûӰ˫֮սǴԽԽԽԽѪˡ
ӡӡһȻһӣŴһ˫ֽڶͷϡ
ӡɢһֹĺɫѪһ㣬ۣˡ
һѪ˳ӡǱӡˡ
ûᣬϵ֣ļһնɱ˵һã͸ϵ
ϵɨһܣεطҪΨһķֽӡɵΪνľӢѾûһܹվˡ
ǸСӣǿɶ񰡣ȻȺ׳һϣİ׳հϵ߽һͨ͸ɻûа취ҪɱС
ǰΨһķҪôȻţҪôȻһ
ɱ˵ɣҪҴˣϵӱһó˳⣬һǹ֣Ϲâ˸ȣڿʼҪƴˡ
Цһ˵һʹ죬Ӵȴ߳еĴ󵶣ʼ˷Ĺ
ֻǺܿϧ˵ʵͲӡĶ֣һδ͵ĳ˼ɵظ˻
һʱӡѪϵԪȶϵӺǻ˺ۣΡΡվţһ̾Ҫزһ㡣
ٺ٣벻ϵӺӡֶûдңӡǿ󣬹ҵõеӡϻ˭ܹսʤңӡЦţ˿ںѪˡ
ϵһսѾȫˣܹһιһι֮ȴıˡ
Щ׳һۻڵϵ֪û⵹Ƿ˲١
һͬޱȵϵӣЦ˵ϵӣ벻һ죬ܹһսҵҰ
棬֪Ĺȥô򵥣ֻû뵽㾹Ȼӡ벻ϵҲܹ뵱ӡ˳ֵܣ㣬ԵĻ㰡ϵͬЦ˵ֻ鿴ĳ־һ㡣
ҿһΣ˵ŪҪȻԺ˶û˸ʬɨһۣſ˵Ѿñ׼ˡиӻϣֻҪӻţһоͶ˵ˡ
ϵһֱǹһˣֿԼܶһӵĶӡɵر㻯һѷﻹͬ˵ͣ³һѪٺЦӱûܻųȥܹӡһȥĻǾһ鰡
ǣƾƵ壿ƾûʣ¶ٵҪЦˣѾˣӡЦţȻڵ״̬ãɲô˵Ҳ˲ɱǻǺɵġ
ϵȴǲмһƵ˵ϣ㻹ǲǵֻ󷨣
ֻ󷨣ôǣϵȻ뵽Ըһ㶣žˣղŻڿŸʲô׵ķӡͬھء
˶ףǿ϶ˣɵҲ;ȲǵǸˣǲ֮ǰ㹱ףӡһ
ӡЩˣڿģﻹܹüͷһ߽ŵˣһСĵķš
ȥסӡΪкôҪȥĸ׵ķĹ֪ġˣټҵĶúõػȥϴЦݣʶͨһ֮󣬱޷˵ؿӡѾ׼
ɣɣһ뿪磡ϵӺȻغ˫Ȼͨ죬ͬѪҺһ㡣
ֻ󷨣֣أ໵һɤӺ˳˫мѪűϵ˫ԭת

ͬǱըһ㣬СĴŰţسӡ


305 ճ
¡¡¡
ײ˷ӡۿѾͷȻǲҴ⣬ȫӿ
ˡ
ģħ߶ǿҵĳ𶯵ħ߶Ҫһ㡣
ﻹټڵװ͵ԾʩչɱסԼӰֱ֮һԶܵĵط
ôǿֵܹطǿҵ㲻þ͵ýһ
¡¡¡
ҵıըãʵǿĸ׶ƴԼȨΪľǽִ
ǿ֣Կһӡӡ˭ǿ˭޷²
֪˶ãһжƽϢ˼϶ʯͷ߼žʲôûʲһ㡣
ʶϵ̽Ҫҵǻмǻŵġ
žણ
ʯ鱻߶ֹסҪ̤ĽŲڰĵؿŵʲôˣڡ
΢̧һƣĲǱˣǸӵӡӡ
Ǻǡٺ١ӡһ֪óĴ󵶣ŬάӣЦǴС󣬽ӵ֮С
ƲƲͣҲżȥ뿴ӡǷİţǲźһľٶ
ЦӡǲЦе̫ˣȻһȻЩ΢ǵһ㶼Ρ
һͬźɫӵİվɢǿϢȻ֮ӡ֮ǰļҪϲ٣ȴܹʰӡ
ϾɱϮײ֮ӡ˻Ǻصģܹվ¸ĻΪӡɡ
ٺ٣ھҪҵ鷳ûиɣľ֮ĩ𣿡ӡһɫЦϵƺһﻹЩӡ
װͼװɣΪҲ֪ǵ㱾£ݵ㣬ΪĲҪʵɷ˰ɣ㲻ʲôûеõԼ⸱Ǳģ˲м˵һŵҩ֮󣬱һһӡȥ
ӡɫЩѿֻ֮Ҳͳһŵҩ̷ȥ
˵ͬʱʼҪٴθһļơ
һԣЦſŵھԼľǶԵģǵĶһ㣬һĻᱻǸصڲ˶ļһˡ
úôɣϢһ¡ƲƲͣʶһֱڹ۲ˣԼȴĵȻָһЩʵ
ã˱ǿʼС͵ֱ¡¡սʱϵشȴ̩ɽ˿Ӱ졣
һҽйսڽˣ۾վƨϵĳ̧ۿ˿ߵ
ǽһƬĴĿȫǣһһĴӱ鲼뻹վˣԱԭĶû˶
˵۾ݺݵضһ𣬱˴˶ҪҧԷһѪ⡣
벻˾ĶǵһĻβˣʶÿһ䶼ɨһ飬ûзֳ֮κλ
ǵģûĻˣһ󣬻϶ûˣ
꣡
һںɫѪӡӲ䵽һ˱ֱ֮˹ȥ
ͨһ˵֮ϣȴû˿Ķ
군ˣһΪܹҴ㹻ľϲءεҡҡͷȻҪǵ̣Ҫ㹻ʵǻ۰ҪȻֻܹú߿Цˡ
Сӣ벻صôԼӶˡӡؿȻûǿƣȻϬ絶һ㡣
꣡
һصʯ˹̧ۿӡһۣЦǺǵ˵ӡʵȫӮңֻһӡ
ӡͲ⣬Խƣֱӿʵл˵Ҫӡ
ããȻǵӡҪ֪Ҿ͸㡣ʹڲֱϵӵ鷳ȥ鷳һЦ¶һڽ׵ݣڻ谵ĵƹ˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
ӡɫ任ͣ̾Ϣһεҡͷıûֱɱ㣬һСӻڡ
ɱңΪôɱģ˵ˣܶɱҵ˶ѾΪʬ壬ֱҵ鷳ӵùڻҪң˵Ǹʱӡ鷳ǾͲ˼ˣ᲻Ϣ۵ĽӡɵȻɵϵӣݵ㡣
ϧʱ䲻ᵹǿҲΪӡ
ӡƽһ֪֮ԼӲôһˣƬ̲˵ҪʲôҶԴӦ㣬ֻҪܹŹңһһ
ھͿʼ𣿲㲻ܹģ̻֮ûн֣ɲһԼʲôġ
ͲǸŻɽĴڣӡ뿪ֱӵľǵӡպǿƻع飬Ҫǻʧöӡ
СӣɲҪ̫ˣƾӡһܹնɱˣӡɫѿĺܣһɫĹס
ͷ˫֣ҽ߶ŵϵʯ顣ģʯȻֱӡȥ
ӡǼٱ۵ʯ飬ɫһҪܣĶ޷ɣûƶһͱʯݺݵػˡ
Ŷǿ֮ĩˣӡҪһС˰ûзطӡǲϲӡ϶ʲôֵĵƣһµûг֮ǰǲᶯֵɱԷġ
ӡҲŪȻŭȼգƱǿΨίȫܹõһ
ţֻҪţǻбѩ޵ôһ죡
ˣӡӡңҽʹõķһԷŹһ·ţҿԷס㣬Ҳɱ㡣Ȼ뵽һӣȤӡܹõӡǾǼϲ¡
ӡЦһӣεҡͷ˵ӡӡһӶΪܶµȴǻΪɥʧǸЦЦ
ӡɴˣͲʲôЦ⣡ô⣬ҳΪʬˣԷļƿ϶ǲӡˡ
ҲҪǱֱӲİɣ
ӡǰصһЦǿʶȻȥӡǱ˺۵ٴˣʶģ
ַסӡҪε壬һЦַӡͷϡ


306 
ӡΪˣʶͬͬ죬˺һ鷳Ž䳹ƿء
ٵӡļ䣬ԽԽľǣ治֪ӡȻô캦飬Ҳһͷ
ЧǳǿǿнӡΪԼĿܣȻҪܵĳͷԭܹõܿ¾ͻֱȡ˰ɡ
ȻһﲻǾͲ罫Ժߵķӡƽħﵽʲô˵顣ܿ˾ӡһˣóôҲûʲôġ
ΪˣʶǵëͷСӣЩµļӡǲУǿʶݺ֮£㽫ǷӡƳû̫ΣȻҪеʲôõĻӡѾɵӣĿˮ
ڵһ߻ָһ߿űħЩΪ֪ܡ
ħȷǿǿԴӡӡһʮ飬һΪŸΪÿһӵһܹձԽʵд˵ħӡıħġ
ǸйϵĻǵЩܣֻнʮӡҳܹȷͷʮӡ֮϶ϵģôǺпܱһ壬ֿ˰ˡ
ӡĵλܸˣ֪ĶҲ࣬Ǹչһȫµĵ·öӡӡԺȻпӡķ򵥵ؽƳԼıڶӡüͷȴ̲סš
ӡڱ֮ɢŵ͹âʱʱػȡڵܣȻתͻȥ
Ǿȵظӡ֮ŷҺӡûлҪȻúݺĻٵ
ӡƺЩ仯ʲô仯ȴ˵ֻøһЩˡ
ԣӡ뵤֮Уܵĺš
۾ɨһصʬ壬΢΢ҡͷѾɵ˵ӡһЩϵĶռһ£ȻҸطһʬ塣
ҪųǧδƵľݵ㣬ǲǻʲôŵܡ
ӡﲢİݵ߶иֻ߲֣ڸղŵսѾΪһʬˡԣӡĻ·ǳ˽⡣
Ҫȥģݵľ޴Ĳֿ⣬˵ߴôĸ
ռеĵ·ȥܿߵһͨľͷȻǵȺصͭš
һЦ˫ӡַӵĶˮ·ʩչһ㡣
ա
תһɳƵϢ˱Ƕ룬ʶס˱ӣȴɵ㶵վŲˡ
ҵ찡ħѹ˶ٺöһĭС
ֿǳ󣬸гţǸָ;Ĳϣұǧٹֵķ͸ֳƷһ㡣
ðɣҹȷԭģ⽱δе̫˰ɣЦǺǵͶϲ£ˣôĲϽͶٶ
֮ܶҲ̲סеۺ첱Ӵˣٵ鿴ֱһԵĽЩųɼܵĶָԺлȥҲٰ
ħǧĸֱȴǳ˽˲Ʒħĸ߲֪˵Ļ֪᲻ֱѪأ
Ȼˣץ뿪ˣħݵôˣϵӺͼλ϶ˣӡｻһܲ춯أ
ò˶ʱ䣬ħ˱鿴ʱ򻹲֪ʲô
ѸٵĽЩװָУֿٵȥ鿴˾ݵļطõĶȫдߡ
ħľݵʲôУһţڰ֮ŨѪζ
Żһƣŭڣ̲סһ
һѪأ֪٣֪٣ƯҲʬ֫һЩͷ­ϱ߻ܹ˲֮ǰĸֱ飬־壬壬ŭ
һԹɷǳأǿĲЩӰ졣һЩаħ˷ԻὫ˴ش»Σ
ѪأҪݻ٣ѹؿѪķڣֱҵʯڣҪһͨѪҺʳֻҪѪҺʳˣʣµʬֻҪžͲ̫Σˡ
¡¡һĵѪؾͱһʯסˣպ˭ҪٴƿеԹɷȻҪķѴġ
ʰ˼캦ĵط֮»ص˴֮УѾĲʬ壬˵ͷ˵ĵǲѶҰɡ
ֽӹӡеһѴָ⣬Щ˵ʵǺǿ󣬵ǵĴԲˡ
ʱˡһüͷ̧֮ȥ
˼תӡһػɣ֮ˣֻҪڽͽնɱҪκεĹǡ
ǡˡӡúĻ˵ȻѾɵɶĻǲıġ
Щ飬ٵ飬ٶȼڴȥ·ϼһ©ֱ֮ӳָɵʲô
㣬ͣӣǰŻ˼Ƭ֮󣬴ӴָｫǸ˳˵ػŻҲҪס
ɵصһ֮󣬱㰲һԣĿ
֮ԷŹҪһĶ±Ƚ٣󲿷ֶħħ֮УһҲûʲôǸǸϵˡ
ֿһ˶Ŀռ䣬ҡҡͷתŻطһӶ˰ɡ
̶֮УϵػӿΧǽڣһ޴ʯͷڴ׵صˡ
һˮ˺̶һؼհ
ǵϵðԵظпʵҲѹЩħһ񾭲ͷӣǳ궼ħֵطѹţҪѵĺܡ
ǿʶ˷̽ȥûκ˴ڣǲʩչ
аĵطǳӡĺð̾ϢһһƽħȫߣҲһ¡Ժħ϶ҪΪġ
ףͷ͵
ӴָͳָĲϣ·ĺ̶Ϊһӡ󣬽˴׵ķӡպҪûĻҪ򿪿µúķѴʱˡ
һӡǲְһ󣬽̶ӡΪޣֻһɺԵСء


307 
غ˺ۼڿնٵȥɲʲôõطһ˷ĴڣҪȶˡ
صɽǣǰޱȵĳУƣͽŽˡ
У˵ĻûҵľҲ˰ǺһЦ˫֣ڽֵϣȺת
ţȻԴһ˫۾ڶԼʱʮֺ棬֪ɽﻹ˭˶Լ
һתƣҲż˵ʲôǹһĨЦݣֱ˸ٵĵط˽ȥһһӣ͸˽ȥ˭һȥͿЦݵ
һ㶣תҪܡǺһЦ־ͽסˣ˵ôˣȻ˾ͲҪżߣҲ˺㣬ҶһȤɽУû˸Ҹشˡ
شˣ
һ㶣ŷӦ˹Żŵ˵ءشˣش𣿰ϣСϹ˹ۣȻ۲ʶ̩ɽСǶүˡ
ֺˣ˰Ԩ˶ү°ֻǰɽǵ˲ӦòʶԼ
㲻ʶңʵ˵ĿƽӴˡ
εЦ˵شˣСûмشҶ¼Ƕ갡
үʲôڰ֣ЩûȤ
ش˵ĻүǶŽǵˣǿͬģҪȥƣǲǻЩΣɽǵ顣ﻹ˵ѣֱӽʵ˵˳
ˣͷ뿪תүˡ
˽뿪ıӰεЦЦȻ˵çײҲһϢǶүԼһֱڽţЧǲġ
ûй飬ֱȥҪûԼ⼸ǲʲô仯
˲٣ҲˣţЩ﹤˻϶ľ񣬳Ҫ顣⻹ҵĵǶġ֮£˭ԸȥԼáؿǰһУԭеĻԼڲһ֣ڿĵǶˡ
شˣ
ش˻˰
شǺ˰үүȵأһ˶ŵĵӡ
˱˵ˣͺֻԼ֮ˣǶˣ
ǣһ˲ش˵Ķݣһ˲ӵܣ
ģȥһˡ

ٵ߹˷΢ٵӰ˼Ҳûлش𣬱㵱ûˡ
벻벻һ˾ȻܹԨ˵ĵϽһţȻԭ֮𰡡
йâ˸ƺһŻڲϵչԼĵ̣մԨ۹
ͻȻһŤͷһȴԪǵ
شˣˣҪءԪϵЦʢĻ˵Ĳá
һЦϲԪϣϲָĺܿ죬ò˶ʱ˰ɣ
ش˵ĸѾǸԵֻڵͻƣȽ鶼˵ɡԪϿҵ˵֪ԼһжģչõĻˣǸ֮ˣ
Ķݣ֮ûбıİ취
شˣǻȥ˵ɣ˶ӡԪһɫȻס
˻صЭᣬ˻֮ԪһЦݽһǳģ
Ԫϣʲô˵СһЦ˵Ԫܹװ̶ֳȣ˵ⲻС
ԪЦһ̾Ϣſ˵شˣ͢ϱˣҪȥս
𣿡ϵ飬ֻû뵽ôԼͷϱߡ
Ԫͷ͢ÿ궼УǰʱոһΣֻû뵽һλô졣
üͷ˵֪ܲ͢ɣȻչ˻һûеģܹμսġ
ô˵ɴͲô˰Ԩ۹Ѿˣ˶Լı䣬˭ԸҪȻҲ˵ؾ﷢չԪЦһ˵֪ؾľӵĻʲôп
һؾϢˣüͷһȤʮؿʵؾǸؾȫһȺū齨ɵģ
Ԫص˵ͷ˸ЩӵĹâ˵شˣ˵ʵǰҾЩؾ˾ǸһЩūѣȻǵĹ顣ҵĿѾˣҾЩؾҲǱƲ֮ˣǲԨ۹ĻѾ뿪˰ɣ˭ҵʱ򰡣
Ԫ϶˵ľûʲô𣿡̽ʵû뵽ȴǻԪһЦ
Ԫ쿴ص˵شˣ˵ؾܻеϵҲ֪ʲô
һ㶣žǹЦζ˵ҶûȤҪľǺƽԨ۹ĺƽĺƽԼĺƽҲҪٿ˶սôװ׵ˣΪĲЩʵЩĺҪĳЩб˽Ұˡ
ԪͬǳидصͷһĴָ˵شˣӦþŵԭɣһƽ磬ûзûν
ԣʵ̫ˣҲССһǶѣ磬ϱߣ˵˵ϢһЩ仯
ԪһãŻ˳üͷʱšһʱȻɿޱȣЩ̿ˡ
ΣԪƺ˾شˣ֪һˣؼܻҪȻؼͷչˡԣشİɣЩףҲȥŬģһŷԨ۹Զźƽ
صص˵ͷͺȻǰԪЩˡһҺԼһģǶֵĻ֪ԼþԵȥѹƣҪıԣվǱȲЩϼһġ
ãԪϣ仰Ҿͷˣʲôˣʲô˵£Ƕ֮ˣֻҪ֮˻һǾͻΪĺƽϵŬɱˣˣƽչ鰡ԪֽһǷֱ֪һ㡣
֪ԪѾ²ݣȴǸŵˣҪȻҲĽ죬ŵĴչ


308 ԨҾ
ԪνӢ֮ϧһп֮£˵ǳ͢顣
Ԫϣղ˵ĳ͢˵Ԩ۹Ѿˣʲô飿ɻ뿪ʱ䲻̣һʱԨ۹ķչǿհһƬ
ԪӦһƬ֮󣬲ŽԨ۹ƣ˵һ顣
ҪһԨ۹Ŀǰƣֻһˡ
Դӻʵۼݱ֮ʳѾҳһ࣬ӺȨƵү׷׿ʼʵ۵ıȥȴ˭Ҳ˭ֻǴˡ
Ԩ۹ľǱ߱ջ֮󣬱ǴҪȥʰؾģɺô飬ûһԸ⽫Լľȥؾƴ
ټڵؾ죬ʱ㲻ȥû¸ͻȻϮŽһЩūؾ
µؾѾʮ֮ˣҶս˵Ĵڣ⻹ЩӳУһЩ֮ʱҲǷǳֲġ
Ԩ۹ҾһţΧĽҳȥͬҳһǵ۹֮󣬻һЩĹҴһЩ̣Ըڱ˴˷ͬʱҲݺأԶ
һʱս֮󣬵ǽָһȶȻ˵Ƚϴ˭ȶҪ¹ͳһǻһ޷ȷ顣
Ԫϣ˼ǣˣֻǴų͢ŵһȽϴ԰ɣߵĵνҲûôĹǡ
Ԫͷ˵ûдүʵ۵ֵܣҲ˳Ϊ˰
ǺһЦǿʵĻǵǿԸһ£˵סҪ֮ΪУϾǸո𲽽׶Ρ
סȽϺãֻҪķһЩȥ͸ĹٶˡԪε˵ʲôط޷ģûкô飬ûж˻ȥ
ףĹԱ뿪߻һ仰Ԫϣȫĵķչɽǰɣ鲻ùˣһȥġ
ԪӦһıѾͶˣٲ²Ĳֻÿÿغʱһľ֪ԼΪǲȷġ
٣ȻǺǣ˼Це·ϣֱٵڡ
ǳ͢ˣסĵطȻڳֻЩҲô˰ɽǵˣ˰ɽǵһҪиսʲôģǲһԱ
ԣסĵطǳ֮һԺųԶ
ֱԺûȿأǱ˸סˡ
͢լԺ˲Ҫ
ޱȵĻЦǺǵ˵ǵĴˣҶҲǸνشˡЩҪ˵
һǰ˾Ȼɽ֮شˣͶĺøж˲٣ƵسһЦ˵شǰɣԵһ°ɣȥͨһ
һ鷳΢΢з۾صȴ
ڣҪͨȴסͣϸزš
ٵķȻŮʱʱ֪׸òóˡ
˼룬ԥ֮ʱ˲ŴܻȥſڴûصĲ̤ŵ棬ˡ
ΪԼİȫԼôٵˣ˻ǰ͸š
ٺüͷһšһķЩش·˵ҰСӣһŶ
ϤϤվͨԱǰ˵л˵û¾͹
һһ֪ٽıȽϿģҪȻһͨˡ
ˣſһԳشˣ˵Ҫ̸
ŶشˣǸˣһǰɣðɣǾȥһΪʲôҪ߸Ѿ̵Ŀʼܹٺô
ʱѾſڵãʶ֪СæʲôҲǲôżȴžˡ
ú˲УǸλϵ١
㡭Ǹشˣųǻʵһټӡ
һЦԹԵһԵλϱߣ˵¾ǡ
ұʲô飿˿ǺæģûĻͲҪ˷ʱˡٰһӣšüͷʮ˵
֪Сӻ̬ȣҲӦһǸٴ˵ˣЩҪ㿴
ȿȣ
ٿһֻ˻˵ˣǶȥɣش˺úģһش˾;ͶԵ
Ҳ˵ţ˶£Ŷر˵ʱվ˫ֱĵһ޷ߵ
شˣղ˵ʲôЦɻˣǰ̽ţٺٵʵ
ͷӴָѡһӵĶУˣ͵ǰ㿴ϸɡ
ããܺãɣٵ۾Ѿˣ϶ŵĺӣڿһһ˿ҵ˶һ㡣
ǰţŶԷעȻˣ㵽Լߡ
Ҳװһ˵ģ첽ٵߣһִ˺ӣ˵ˣ͸Ĵ񰡡
ã̫ˣȻ⡭ٵ۾ѾȫóıסˣﻹĶ
мһЦٵĺӳһ£ű㿪ʼʩչ𵤺ڵٸסˡ
ĬĬؿһ˵ľȻеģһ﴿Ǹ̬ϲŮϲŮָĻô̬ôüͷֱ
˵ˣǲӦû㵽Щôġٵļ򣬲ǲڵණ
ٴλͬһ˳ӵĹһ㣬˵ǣ˵ǡ
ˣ٣㲻ҪҶһĻӦףٵ۾˵ûнٿƵ̫õȥ֮ᱻָʱɽǿ¾Σˡ
ӦţЦػһƨ
Ѿֱ꣬˦뿪Ըĵطһӡ


309 ؾˣ
յգԺվˡ
λϣԱԪ죬Ԩ˶ү֡
ҲǱ˴ͷһμ棬Ҷû뵽ĺܵﾹȻǸϵС
ˣλмҪ˵ġҪ뿪ɽˣȥĵط䡣ЦǺǵ˵˵ֶ֮ǰĲ豭̵Ѻһڡ
ԪƺͲ²⵽뿪ЩԾߵô֮⣬ûбʲô⡣
ӦĵǸԪӤ֣˫Ŀضüͷһɽ壬ѹ˵Ҫߣ㶼𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ҵĸȻģҲһֱǾ㹻ˡ
үĥ˰죬ſ˵٣ҪߵĻĴҪǷˣǸδ
ˣǲģˣǰҹȥɱ˾Уܷʲô飬һҪ֤İȫ˳չҪֻ֪ԼǿˣбԼʵ֪ԷԲᷴѣҪȻһͷͿǱһʬˡ
Ҫ˵Ϊɽľһ˵㣬Ļ԰ɽǵķչûʲôô
үͷ˵һס
ǸڵѪôҪǻĻǾԵɵһ
ү˵Ƚϼ򵥣ԭԼ࣬ѡ˵ûʲôѶȡ
üͷššɿ˵ǽ˵飬ô죿
һ˵һ緢ս֮飬ǿԸϵһһͨѶ󣬸ԾͿˣʱһᰲŵġֱӿ˵˲ɽ鷳ǻġ
Ǿ仰ô˵ţʵԽǿαԽ
ʲô𣿡ɫƽʵ֪Լѡ⼸˶û⣬ǸԪ죬վҶ⼸˵ĴڰһССİɽǶܲõĻԨ۹Ҳǻñˡ
˷׷ҡͷڻûɵˣиֶԲţʱˮھͺá
ãȻû⣬һҪˡн˵飬һ£ԪϣЩ㻹Ҫһ°ɣļʶϾҪһЩŵҩܹԪϺְȫĶȹԪӤڡڰ֣ҩݸˡ
ŶүһЦҲǰοһһ˼úõĸʵҲ㵤ҩġ
ˣ˿νЦŵĻȼš
ǷԸһЩ֮󣬱ȥϣ뿪˰ɽǡ
ڷϣֱϷȥԨ۹ΨһǣҰ
ǰɽؾ֮أ
ؾˣǵؽˣȻһѪڼţƺҪųƣ綼֪ˡ
һӴսⰺͦţγһŨĹâġ
ܿ죬ʰɲôҡľȥϷñ˵ϸ·סˡ
ɵһѰ˸ùå쵰ס֮ԼﵱߣűֱӴ͵Ϸ
߰˴֮Ԩ۹ϷĳС
ңǳң
֮һʿΧһѯʣڷû֮󣬲ŷ뿪ˡ
ϾؾʲôȻЩĸоƲƲͣǿʶɢе˽һ
ջʶ̲סֿͣ⼫سǵǳ⡣
سѾûһūūǳټӦöɽ߶ŵؾ˹ȥ
뿪Ƕʱ䣬Ҳ˵ؾ⼫سǷ˼Σÿζ̫ʱ䣬Ԩ۹ľһˣǱߣñһλķӡ
˷ڣܱߵһЩжؾĥʹ಻Щʲôģҹߣ˯ʱͱؾĨ˲ӣһŴõԴ
ѰһɾƧĿջҪһ֮󣬱һЩ󷨣Լڲ
ͳͨĺͲ˹ȥûãǱ߾ʹĺ͵
ˣĺͷǳѡ
һЦ˵ˣھڼسǣһЩ֮һᾡȥһȥȱܣҪ˵ȸ˵˵ؾĿǰɡ
ããؽϸϸ˵ĺ͸˵ĺܣѾؾ˵Ǹĺô˵ؾƾٴʩչԨ۹ݺݵصһ
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˵ؾķչȲеģÿһսС˻棬ԱĶȱϾԨ۹ĸأʿԴūûбˣ˵һһأԱҪ൱Сġ
ؾѾչʮ֮ڣ֪ϢҪϲ٣˼ҵĶڶܹŪôˣҲ㹻˵ؾǿˡֻҲһ֤Σˣô˶ū
ؾսǿ֮ϵϵشﵽ¸ߣвѾԪӤڵıԵֻǺΣ̫ûǿͻơ
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ĺͻؾĿǰĻȻǻĹŴɽǱŻĹŴɽΣռ£ȴһԴĴɽҲĥ˲ѪȣõĲϡ
ţȻչôãΪβȥռһУ˳вǸӺʷչ𣿡ڽеĲ˳ĿǰһƬãùԵصľͲҪ
û뵽ĺ˵ﾹȻһĿɬ˵ؽȻ밡ÿǹһ֮ڷеʱҪ̫ˣڵ˵Ͳʺϰ
ЦЦʾ⣬һеҪʵ̫ˣԷչеؾȷǲʣټЩбؾѹεĴˣֿߵĴ涼٣϶˴ָñһΣһΣҪΪؾĹˡ
ԣ˼Եĳǣһؾǣ΢ֿһ£ֱܣǲǻسء
һؾ뿪ˣֻ»ȥռųУνı߽
ЦˣԨ۹˿ЩˣⲻʧΪһֱͷսԾٶ
Ԩ۹ľ˵Ǽ鰡
ؽʲôʱ˶ڵĺ˵֮ڴ˵ģ͸Ȣ߰ûһӡ


310 
ɣҪڼسЩ飬ؾ㷽㡣ЦЦ˵֪ؾȫչ֮Ҳôˡ
ĺ͵۾һ֪֮϶ţ㲻ûʲô
˼һ£ĺͿʵؽҪʲôҪĻֱ˵С
ģҲᵢ̫õģҾ͹ȥǸøʲô͸ʲôɡڰ˵ž͹رͨѶ
˷󷨣ԴҪϢҪմϢ
Ŀǰؾ˵ǷչķǳΨһһ޷õ㹻ЧϢ
ϾΨһܹε˻ūԨ˵ĵūǲܽӴ̫̫ߵȼϢģҲؾĿǰĿȱ
Ҫߵ·߻ǰɽǵİ֯˰̵֯棬ǿһµ֯ռʹϢ
Ϣţݾ¥аһЦԹԵغôһ䡣
¥СҪһ𱬵Ĳݣֱӱ˹ȥ
ʲôطݾ¥ѼϢȥ⼫سҲϤֱӾȥ˲ݣһϺõĲˮ
۾ǰĲˮʶȴǷֲÿһ˵ĻﶼͬʱҲѰԼĿꡣ
һ˴ţƣƪȻûΣĻԸúõһ
˶ˣ˵ݻ϶˼˵ģûмҪܹõ
ЩʧˣҲʵѡг̰
ʱſڴˣһװ磬Сƨƨߵǰźţֱӽӭӵ˶¥İ
ǺһЦЩԳ˵ŶûȻﻹж¥䣡
ʶٴչص¥İ䡣
ߵ˶ȨƵĴڣÿ䶼һ󷨣ߵĸź͵
Щ󷨶ûʲôãʶɵرڲ˵֮£У̽һ
ڵİѾ岨һȫŮӣ˵ĶЩûõķϻ޷Ǹ˧磬ĸŮʲôµĳޡ
Ĳ̸ģʣµһǵһ仰Ҳ˵˼״һ߸Χһüͷš
ϸһ֮͸ˣν̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣
Ҫҵˣ֮У
ӶԷ̸֪֮ǵݣ֪ͷ֮˼سԼҵĶԽ
ƣǼسԼҵĶԽǸʲôﰡһֱ˵һֱûмֺһƹֲۼصݸ˶ԷһǮƣʵ
ȻߵĵôǮƣֵúϲ£ˣ˫۵Բ˷Źâѹ˵͹ٰҶˣҶ⼫سߵ飬˵˽һ˵ԽԶӿǼسǵأֻҪسǷ˵¶û֪ģҲкܶĽǰѯһЩ顣
Ŷвʶʣһϲֱӿʵ
ȻԶܹ֮ôϢȫΪϲѰѶ֪ȻͻܶİСЦе˵ֿһ۶¥¥ݡ
ͷӸһЩǮƣ˵ƣȥɣҪԶӴһЩ顣
СƺǾ飬ͷӦظ˵û⡣
ţСĴ֮£˶¥İ䴦
СһĽ֮󣬰ŻǴ򿪣¶Χŵ߸ˣÿ˵۾ﶼź档
λãСܳէԶӵ죬ݻһ¡ƣò裬סҪõĲҶ˵ĳү
һõĲҶϵľֱʧ˵Цݡ
ǶȦˣеһԱϲְ֮顣
ϵȻǻϲĺܡ
ϵܿǺǺǡһֺ˳֣߻ŵλӣһ˵
ӦһҲֱ˵ߡ
ֵܣ¾Խ֪հӱԽ΢΢ȭҽ֮󣬱ЩڴĿ
֪Է֪ԼݣҲֻ֪Լ֮󣬲ŻȷζԴԼ˲أ˵ӣСأﶼЩˡ
⻰һ䣬˲Ͱÿ˵ɫܸӣɽǶԸĿԴ
ΪʲôԨ۹ؼҵ˰һؼҵ˲Ǿ̵ţֻҪؼҵ˹ϵˣһܹЩ競׬ܹڼǰֱͦӡ
ѽԭϵܰԼ˶ԼǧҪԽȷǸ֣һѾ˲ٵĺøУǾôĻڿѾֵˡ
ӣСأΪ˼سսϣΣյĺܣҿȴһ޴ı⣬ܹúõһµĻܹ޶ĲƸðСǣ㽵˵ڻδһ㡣
һǮЩڼسû̫㻨Ǯ˾һɴ۾˵š
֪ĿѾﵽˣ˵˼ĿȽ߸˺ס˵ȵʱЩҲͲԼʲôĿˡ
˵ĶЩ׬ǮĶԽһͶ˼˭Ҫ׬һ㰡ǮҪĿɵӣ
ɣڻһЩ鷳ҪȻҲҶ˰ѹסߵЦ⣬װһյģ̾Ϣ˵
Խظӣ֤һ˵ֵܰ㾡˵ʲô鷳ֻҪܹ˵ϻæģԾûⰡ
Խˣﻹܹף׷׿ڱ֤ţ˵ҲܹæֻҪĿˡ
ѵ֣ҪĿˣϷݵĲˣſˣ˵λֵܣС鷳û㹻ϢҪ̵֪һУҪľǿɿϢʲôϢͨЩǲһİ
ϢûпЦɣ˵Ϣ
ڶݵİ֮ͱһЦһЦǰģƺһЦ
׼װźͿ˵λֵܣʲô˼ѵ˵첻Сܵ
첻ˣ˭˵첻˵ģǼλֵڣ˵ϢˣҪ»һܹõԽ˷ܲѣѾҪ׬Ǯˣ˵ҲЩû


311 Ӱ
»ܣ
ŴһԲΣݵؿԽȴѾЦ˻
ӣ⻰ǿЦİɣҪ֪»ܴﲻһĲΣòİܹõ»ܵĻǾǸܹ׬Ǯϳ֮飬ƺδĸһ㡣
ԽǱӵؿһ־Ӹµ˵˵ֵܣ㻹֪ҵļʲôİɣ
治֪Сܳէֻ˵ԶӵһŲ֪Щε˵ֱӾˣﻹ֪ôࡣ
Խͷ°ͣ΢΢з۾ֵ˵ֵܣҼҹֵµĴ󳼣ҹǷǳϣΪԨ۹һʵ۵˰˵Ϣܲ𣿡
ЩԾû뵽ԼôãȻܹҹֵµĴӵܡҹҲȤ֪ǸŮôˡ
ϣӰС۲ʶ̩ɽû뵽ǿļԺǮԴԴ˰һЦĿʼƨ
ԽקǼƺԨ۹ѾҹˣѾԼҵˡ
ǱģֻҪǸ缸ܹ׬һֵܣֻ߾ĸβأҾ㻹Ǹ˵ȽϺðԽϾǰ׳գȻһЩɸеӻеġ
֪Ҫͱø÷ȥĵߡ
һɨһ֮ſ˵λҪɶһķյģҪȻҲôĻرװɣ
ȻģǸʲôô׵ĻЩֵرѾһˡԽͷʾԼףʾ˵ȥͺá
ͷһȽϸߵȼ֮˵λ֪ʲôϢֵǮ
ϢȻЩܹشõϢֵǮҪȻʲô˻ȥ򰡣һ˵Щм
Ǻǣ˵ĲЩʱԼǺҪϢڱ˵оͻǱһĴڡװɣһЦ˵һ֮ζЦ
˶٣˵ĿⶼԼſʼ˵⣺Ϣ֮УΪֵǮӦǹ֮ϢܹõǱߵϢһתԼĹң㹻ңþõˣͬǷԨ۹Ϣͬ׬
⡭ⲻѹ𣿡Ⱥ˿ɲɵӣͲڡ
һЦڰѹǵļЦǺǵ˵λֵǧҪżϢҲҪͲҪֻҪóһЩҪϢзһܹõ޴˵ˣͬԷ˵ϢԨ۹ǽеϢͬǰı֣
ԽһҲǣֻҪҪϢȥռһЩҪϢԨ۹ǲͳ˰
ãҿУֻⶫ֮ܲǻһɡԽʹӦЩϢǳֵǮǲ٣ʱϢ˵ġ
ͷָͷ˵ڶǱȽҪҵϢܹҶˣһܹϼǮǹ֮ϢҪֵǮĶࡣ
˷׷׵ͷǼҲһЩģǼʶĶҲǲ١
ϵܣأûյıȽ϶ϢҪǲĻܲǮһ㰡Խ˲ˮһЦݵ˵ڵǿһү
ֻҪѲүˣǻԴԴϵغôȥ
һƣⶼԼʼˣѾϵ𣿵ǺһЦһڹ̵Ĳˮˬ˵ʵĿǰʺľ֣ҲǸλյϢֻҪǽЩϢ㼯һܹΪΪһһֵǮϢ˰
Խ˵۾ǮƵĹâļҪķˡ
ããϵܰǵҸɶҪ˰˵ô죬ǾͰ죬ԲʲôģԽͿʼظӱ֤ˣȻǸ׵ܹ׬Ǯеûɲȥ
ҲǸˣѾͳһ±Ҫ˵ľֳˣ˭õõ٣˭ܹõ١
λֵܰСܻøǰķ˵һ¡ǺһЦʼص˳ǵ˶࣬ռϢҲ࣬ڷǮʱҪṩϢ֣һϢȥ֮ṩϢɣϢɣʣµɸֵƽΪ˭ṩϢԽֵ࣬ԽߵĻǵõĿ϶ࡣ
ףףϵܵķӺð˭зݶ˭Ķ࣬˭õľͶܹ࣬ƽܹƽͬ⣬أԽǵһͬģǻˣϢյ࣬׬ĶȻˣڷָ˵ЩЩСǮˡ
ҲԽȽ˵ԭ֮һҪ׬Ǯ͵ȥῪһЩСǮ˶е׬ȦӲܹԴԴϵתΪĲƸ
Խͷ˶ͬˣ˾ʽǺæ鶼ȥĻǮ֣Ȼ׷׵ͷӦ
ãܺãǴڿʼǰ˸˱ǴɽˣԺǮһ׬Ǯһ𻨣Ц˵صԽļӡ
ԽȻ˼˼Ժ㻹Ǵ磬ȻдĴ
Խÿ춼˵ܹѼЩ߰ûʲôôϢ֮⣬ûбıˡ
أԽİ֮£ֻҪЩϢȥõʵʵڵͻ׬ʱҲû˻˵ˡ
ӣҪҪһ֯ģиڱĵطҲǽһ֯רŸռͷϢģпܵĻԺЦǺǵ˵ֻǸЩ˻һԺл˻Ҫ׿סǵġ
ûа취ʵǲЩӵܹʲôۣ㲻˭ͻһ˵ˣʱΣˣ˵ոսϢΪһѻҽ
֯ǿ԰ϵ㿴һʲôӵֱȽϺãԽﾫһô˵ʱ֪ǸˣҪȻҲ˵ôЩϻ
سǵλñȽ⣬ҲУﻹҪð֯Ļ׻ᱻ˼һһ֣ҿǲӰְɣµӰӣڻ谵Ϊ֪ĽѴѵǮƣ
ӰãϲǴӽ쿪ʼǰ˸˾Ӱ֯Ԫ˰ԽЦţضϵĲˮ˳


312 ߼
Ӱ֯һͨİ߳ˣڽܳʱڶӰԨ۹չ֯ڱ֪ʱѾԨ۹ÿһ
¶ԽõĺܣֱӴȥ˼سõľ¥Դһˡ
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ϵܣ˼ǶףǮҪһ׬ԽЦţ̰
üͷ̲סһЩǣЩ黹ǳıȽϺð
ҪȥûһȥģЦţԽһɫ
ԽҲǸһЦϵܣȥɣҶȽϤȳźţǹ
ĵװЦһﻹΪԼʲô뷨أⲻ֪һ֮·
˳֮˳һľСźԺȥ
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ԽĲһ׻׵ıԵ¶˳
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һһľƺ˶ӣԽȴûкȣļȰƶñԹԵغ
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İɣ٣ҶᰲźõġԽͷӦ߼˱ĹϵͺܺãҪһ˵ĻҲûʲô⡣
ܻЩͻӴָóһǶⱦĶݸԽ˵͸ĸף˵ҵһС⣬ԺҿԺúúһ׬ȡĺô˵سǶ߼˵ġ
Խ۾ˣɢŵâı˵šİɣ٣һõġ
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ڸǵһͷЩʲôĴڣֻҪһˣԺʲôĺñûУ
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313 
سѾûʲôˣҲֱӱ˸ģǱŻĹŴɽȥ
һ۵ķԳѰٶȼٱţ·ϵֻһ⻪ϸȥƵʱѾʧӰˡ
ĹŴɽ뼫سǵľ벢ǺԶѰֻҪһʱܹˣٶȿ죬ò˰ܵҲżʶϵɨŴأҪؾûЩطʲôǰں̽ӡ
ĺ͵ȷǸ׵˰ܵĴʩûʲôܹڲǰڵͻƽȥص˵ͷеĸ߼ߣһ˺ܹﵽԪӤڵĸ֮⣬ûܹ
˵ˣԪӤڸֲûмҲһĴ󽫾ôܻû¶̽Ϣ顣еû̽һ˸ˣͻָܵķ񹥻һСǲʧ
Ҫ֪һԪӤڵǿߴʵ̫ˣһսӮ
е˵һѵĽڸַϸһԪӤڸ֣ڷǳ顣
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˲ãһѹϿȵγǰͷҲܣǵǰȥ
վסʲôˣؾصأôģһűǼڵĸֳ֣
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СӳŰɵؿûҵʲôɵ㣬ַǸˣʵģģǸūɣ
Ҳǣһֱ£ǿסңҽȥ֪ˡϿҵ˵ǣԼ˫֣öԷסԼ
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û⣬ȼĺͣһоͶˡЦǺǵ˵СӳķʶǺ⡣
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ʱʱģܹһ֧֧ѵ󷨺͹æϽľϵЦԽԽˡ
ؾչĺܺðѾþûˡûһ˵ҪЩײʿͳһЩõϢ
Сӳһûзɶľ裬ΪϸܵһǿϢǶԷҪסĻСӳǾԲӦġֻҪ֮СӳҲˣغһܹٻľӣΧסɵؾնɱˡ
Цһ벻õؽѾ䵽ûʶĵز˰
ˣǸؽǲǺܳʱûж˰һοʵСӳȤ
СӳһۣȻһˬ˵ؽûôˣؽǵֻҪǣǾͿɵؽԨ۹˶ޱȣ
ǰɣؽҲ˰ôܻô棬Ҳ˵ؽû˵ôŰЦǺǵ˵ϸǰڳһҾԲŵӡ
˭룬⻰ȷʵëСӳһžƨϣָıӾͿʼˣСǰɣҲıʲôˣڮؽҾɱ㣡ûУ
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ʲôȻڮǵؽӳȥִڰɣʣµĽˣ۾һɣӷ˵
СӳЩԾԴ˵ӣִ˹
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һƵϣƵһģǺߣʲôؽľСΪ˾Ȼڮؽôʰ㣡ģûûεˣ
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٣֪һ˰Լ˽ЦһĳЩ֪ԼĻ϶һغڡ
뿪ʱ䲻ˣټϺؾѪҺһ˲ʶҲ顣
ѺֱӹսһСһͰɽ֮УͰɭͨɢŨŨĳƺʲôõط
ʶһɨɫͱˣҪԼصһ°
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314 յη
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˭룬Ļ䣬ȻٴƮ˳
С磬鷳Ұæɣƺһ֮ںһ㡣
оԼͷƤҪըˣǿѹе𾪣ʵҿ㡣
С磬ڵηηʶĶͿҰߵǽһСף˵ġٴδǸеĲ⡣
ϸһƣɲôţǽ֮һͭǮСС
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˺ǺһЦƺǵòһĿ˼Ž˵С簡㲻ú£ֻǸѺ̫õͷӰˣûжʱԻˣңһԸ
ƲƲͣһֱǿܵģǰȻԼṩ̫ܣȻˣͲƴǡ
ðɣ˼л˵ءӦ΢СһЩʵ
Ӧ֮󣬷ǳˣС磬ұѾˣؾ˻û֮ǰҾѾط˰ô޾£ѾϵĲˣԼ˭Ȼǵһ飬ǵ÷ǳ
ȻúȤλ֪Ѻ˶õ˵ʲôأؾʱΪʲôûͷų
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ʲô飿ԵĻһ˳ȥĻҲûа취ҵܶ࣬Ҳרһ˵ġ뻹ǿʵô˵˼ҪԼʲô˵ˡ
˳ĬˣһյĹ˲žҵĿòΡΡ֪ʲôʱͻ˵С簡鷳ȥɽ֮ϣҲժһɫСЩܶ࣬ŮϲģŮΪЩ˵˵ߡܹһµĻͷҲûʲôź˰
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İɣʲôڣɫСʢһͺˣҵʱúõıġˣеˣϢˡصͷ˵֮󣬱ǻһسװ
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˵ͷôڮؽߣǲʶôҪؽĻЩ˵Ļ·ӣ㲻ѾЩԨ˵Ƥ޺͵ǹ֮£һ
԰˵Ķԣ˾ǵúúΣĲ˵ǧҪסؽĺãҪûؽûǵĽ죡
ԣСӻڻѳ˵ʶĺͲıⲻڿЦǵıѣ
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ڰ֣ЦǺǵ˵Ҫи⣬Աߵη߹Ѻʲôˣ
һ㶣һԱߵˣɻ˵ؽԱߵηһֱǿյİûˣ


315 ˵
ûˣһֱǿյη
ֵˣȷϵһ֮üͷšһɽ塣
ˣȥɣҪı˵Щ뿪ˣĺ͡
ؽǲǷʲôĺʹϻ۹ˣȻǷ߲ͬĵط
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ûйѺʲôͷٴοʵֱǸ˵߲ͨˣ϶ʲôܡ
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üͷ˫˽ȥϸشһ˼仰ûյʲôͷĻӦ
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⵽ûУ֮ǰ˵һ˵һƬĳΣ˵иǿĴڣھĥ֮ȥȴɢʲôִҲ֪ѾǷǳԶ֮ǰˡĺŶͷһ߻䣬һ˵
˵ƲƲͣڴ˵һǲŵģ޷粻˰ټߵ֪Լû
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ŤͷźĵΣһ˵ˣ߰ɣȥɽ
˵꣬ĺſȴû˵Ļֱӳ˵Σɽϻȥ
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ڰ֣ЦǺǵ˵һеҪ
ˣĺҲûа취ֻܹԹԵظƨɺߣλǿҪʲôȤ顣
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ĺˣ̾Ϣһʵʵظߡ֪Ƣһ϶˵飬ûв֮ǰǲȥŵġĺһָоһο϶Ƿʲô˼飬㲻ûǸǸ˵йϵ
һֱţٶȽؼӿ
Сɽĸ߶ȲǺܸߣǷǳͣѰ˱˵ǿٷɱˣܹȥףҲΪʲôûСɽ֮趨ԭ֮һ
Сɽ֮ϻûʲôֲȫһСһʯͷţʯͷķ϶ܹһЩݲݰҶƺҲǷ
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ѵûУЩˣҪ˵߶ԽߣԽĲʺֲ棬ɫСʲôصֲҪȻ϶޷
ҡҡͷӿ˲һѰţһɽȥ
ڵɽһ˲䣬סˣĺҲסˡ
˵Ŀ⼯ɽмһ޴ʯͷ֮ϣǾ͵ʯͷϱߣȻɫСӭƮš
֣ɫСʲôȻܹʯ֮档ĺȼʶ㣬Ż˶֪ɫСʲôȻҲ֪
ʶϸز̽ɫСֻ֮ƺһ΢ĸң̽𻵡
ԭжڱǣѹֶܹӵĻ֮´šͷҲһЩ㲻ЩɫСڱŰɡ
ʶʯ֮ɨһʯ·ȴѾɫСƿˡ
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ĺͼ˵ˣŸҿʵؽɫС𣿡
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ĺ͵ͷһڶ
֣һɫС
仨ǲȫժˣ䣬ǼŰɣļǿؾԨص˵һǶԼ͵ǳݣΪֻм͵˲ܹ޷顣
ʴȣĺ۾һ̾
ȴûлػֳһضһֻɫСʣµֱӻ뵽ʣɫС֮УҲǰһ°ɡ
ջеɫСȻһţԵĸо˵嶼˲١
ף⻨ءıҵκ˶Ҫɫ滨һ£Ϊؾı־ɣݼͣݲֵеؾ֮ѧϰ룬
ĺǿɫСһۣؽģ׸ȥ
ˣǻصΣЩǸýˡƽ˵ȴЩҪ֪
ֱڿն𣬻⣬ٵؽ䵽ɽ¡
ˣԺͲҪ˰ɣСɽˡ߸˵˵ؾ֮ɣȽȥˡ˵֮󣬱ֱӽ˵Σʣĺ߸Χ۶ؾ֮˵
Ȼǻ谵޹⣬ɢŵζ
ص˵ֱӽԱߵηеɫС˳˵˼ңһˣҪɫСѾˡ
ɫСɢŵĹâƺܵʲôٻһ㣬ȻԼ
Сһ֪ľûд


316 
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ߴʱ򣬹⻪һգһ޵Ӱһλ͵ߡ
ɫͷͺͬɫһ˫ɫ۾ͬһ䡣
С磬лл㣡˵ϴһĨϲõЦݡ
˹֣˼ҲҪֻһ𰸡
Ǻǣģ㲻Ҳģҵʱ䲻ˣĻһ֪ܻܲк֮˵ʱ򰡣ߺǺһЦпͬԼĺ󱲺һ顣
ͷϴ
߿һԼ壬΢΢̾ϢһһµĹ£һһ˵
߱ɫ滨Ϊ񻨣һϹʱڵ컨ݣʱ͡
Сɽ֮ϣʱǨ³ΪҲͬšĸоǳãһܵѵҪʱͻְæʱһؾôһ˵Сɽסһ滨ϲѵˡ
ˣΪӵĶ˶࣬ͬҲ١
һαǱˡ
һ˺û˿ԥرȥæɵ֮ŷ⾹ȻһרΪƵƭ֡
ʮǿΧߣҪסõ䱾
ǺǣʮҲ֪ǴıҵҵϢȻҪʰҡϧ̫ˣ벻֮ˣںķ˱Ԫ֮²ɱ˼ˣӻСɽ˵ʱ̲סҡͷĸѾǳˡ
˼ң֮кûԹűеģЩΪ˵õ㣬ʲôķܹõġε˵ԹűˣҪȻҲôôˡ
ߵͷ˵
˹ҪָԪʣ׷һƴ󣬾ȻҪӲĽˡ
ٰ֮£ֻûȥһֽԼĴ󲿷־ɢŶùȥһѡ
Щڵõһ֮󣬷ʵ飬Ҳ֮¾Ȼ˴˴Ҫϵ߳ɱ
ʱһţ߱ĲˣȻʣһִΪɢʧˡ
ɴʱߣѾûķӣֻܹƾһִӲд
̾Ϣһ˵ҶʧˣҪѰһ괿ˣҵһжиԸֱȥҲԸ⽫ʣһˣȥݱ顣
ǰѣһľһ
еʱ˻ļ
ڼ壬⾭ô࣬ô߷ǳ𾴡
С磬иҪ㡣ɫƽʵһ˫۾˸ǻ۵Ĺâ
ͷʾԷл˵ͺá
ָָϷ˵ɽ񻨣Ϊֻȡһ䣬أ
Ҳı˵ҾǻľֵѧϰǿľѣҾֻҪժһ㹻ˣʣµɡʲôȱΨȱĵľ񡣡
ã˵ĺðˣȻһ˵δеġصͷ˵ϵΪ΢΢졣
ǺǣΪʲô֪ô飬ϷСɽռô꣬Ȼ޷뿪ɻܹ˵ġֻû뵽ȻܹȵĵߺǺЦ˵ĿԽ
һǰʲôҪæģܷԸͺá
ûˣû˰Ҵô꣬Ϊľǵȴһ鴿ģܹΪƵԵˣû뵽ܹȥ֮ǰˣѾûʲôźˡ̾ϢһϢѾÿƺǿ͸˺쳾
Ĭˣ֪ߵҪ뿪ˡ
ǰΪؾͷˣѾ񻨣Ϊǵı־ľֵȥѧϰʹСϿҵ˵⻰ǳ׿˵Ļ
ҲóصͷЦݵ˵Ҿ֪ⲻʧģҾ뿪ģ
Ĭˣʱ֮£Ȼ֪Լȥָ˵Щʲôˡ
ˣС磬ҵʱ䲻ˣùɣͷе㶫Ҫ͸㣡߷йһЦ֮˿˲ࡣ
ͷû˿ɺ͵ǵؾֱߵߵߣ֡
С磬Ͳһı𣿡ߺȻ̧ͷʵϵЦ
˭Էģ֮󣬾ȻȻ˵ǰܹܵõһƵģҲ˺ҵġ
ηͷҾһɣϣܹҪˡ߳̾Ϣһȴһɵζ
С磬ͷӻһ仰Ҫ͸㡣Ҫ̫ƽʢҪɱ¾ǲɱġЩľͲҪȥǣɱ֮İҪġס֣΢΢۾˵ôһ仰
صصͷڽܳѵһ㣬˵ǰ֪ˡ
͡
סַ΢죬ȫĹ⻪Ȼʼ˳һֱ۴͵ϡ
ʱ󾪣ҪѿȵķֲǰѲ˲ֱ֮ϵߡ
ǰҪԴģż˵ѾµҪʲô
ˬʵһЦ彥ʧˣһʢ񻨣˵С磬κ鶼ûгһ˵ЩֻĹˡͷұĴڣ磬ʣµ黹ȥɡҪģҪѹĳĳʱ䣬ǻܹһʽ
ţһˮȻûסֱ
ˮ˵Ƕôİ鰡Դ뿪˵֮ûᣬȴڸܵǱˣػµֿ֮Ҳ޷ˡ
С磬Ŭɣǵ£ߵ΢ջΪޣʧӰˡ
ɸоǷһϸ΢˳ͷɽʯֱӱɽһС
ӭƮţƺ˵Щֵóеĳ¡
ǰһ·ߺãҲʧģ̾Ϣһͬѹһ˵ĸо
ָоǳݣһǰ˵ڲòȥʱ򣬲ŷԼҪ黹зǳ࣬кܶҪԼѾյ㣬Σ壬ϣ
֪ߵĺܷģΪߵһУǿƵ࣬Լ񻨵һ湦ܡ
ˡ
΢ؿڴ·һ֡
ۿеʪٴ֣ŵһǰ


317 ؾ֮
վԭأһʱŽ̬ȶ
ǰʧģһὫƽÿһ˲ٱսʹࡣ³һ߬ȭͷĿᶨ˵
ƺΪ˻Ӧľģ񻨵һ£űǴһϢԺ֮С
һ֮£͵һڲ˽⵽񻨵ʲôǿĴڣΪʲôЩڲҵ񻨵Ϣ֮ôҪõ
񻨣Ϲű˵֣ǵӵкǿ츳Զزǣһĵغƣϲ֮˵Ĵڡÿ궼һɱ䣬ûɱһʵõͻͽ
ǿĵطױȵʲôĻжܹûκεܹͬǧ֮ããΪһ漣Ĵڡ
ǿ񻨼Ϊóһܹγһ񻨣˻ڣٶ֣͸
񻨣滨ǰҵ̫ˡпѣ񻨻壬綼úˡ
һ񻨣վһذܹѶԷȻǰĴܡ
Щ棬Ҫ⻤񻨵ʲô߶һЩܵؿ
ˡ
һɲΧһɫĻ֣γΪ񻨡
һرׯأԵҪһЩȲƺšԵǻһ㣬εػס壬κ˶ÿ
Ϲ滨񻨣ؾ֮Ǹˡ̲ס̾Ҳջ񻨣ֱȥ
ڰĵͨɫĹâˣ߻غؾ֮˷׷ޱȵؿ˶ڡ
Ҿ֪Ҿ֪ĺ˵˫ĿһضŶڡ
Աߵʲôʱĺʧ̬ԼӺˡ
ȫվǰʱ˶סˣžȻԷĹ
񻨵İ֮£߷緶ͬһ콵һ㡣
ֻ֮˵ͬ˻ǰԵͣ飬ȴһɺƣһΪΪ
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ЩԾҪ˵ʱȴתһ룬⵹Ǹûᡣ
漴ڿն𣬴߶ڵܽ񻨵ļĸ
񻨣Ϲ滨˵õ滨£ƽ񻨣ӽؾ֮֮ͬ˵ȴش͵ÿһ˵Ķߡ
ϵˣ񻨵ǿϢ׷׾ƽͣոջڳܵ˶ǻһۣЦ
ڿдһЩʱ֮Żؽڵأϵ񻨡
ϲϲȻܹõ񻨵ĴСĺѾ񻨵ˣֱ֮ӿڹء
ڰ֣˵ؾðɣȻܹĴڡֻǿϧǰҪϲ̰Ļڶܹš
ĺʹҲܹ²⵽ʲô̾Ϣһ˵ؽĸ֣Ҳְ񻨽һдиΪؾ壬ͬʱƽÿһ
ǰȺȵһŬɣ
ؾ꣡
ؾ꣡
ؾ꣡

أǿҵɱ֮Ͽγһ˶ֵ֣ĲϹ滨
Ц״̬ʮֵ⣬ڰֵԻȥϢɣйԱ
˵꣬ĺһȥˡ
ԽԽԶص˵֮еȴǳһ
ҵĹԹ԰Һûжʲô飬ҪȻҾ˰
ˣ㾹ȻҽؽصȥҲֻĳˡ
֧֧˰죬ȴԱһΧ˵ҪûӰؽĻôܹõ񻨣Ҫ֪Ҳ⣬컯
ԣԣһǰؽģҪȻؽͽҸɱˣ۾һɫͺ˷ϲ¾ˬ

˻صһӴȴӵľ֮УһӦܾȫֻһݻˡ
ˣûӭӵ켱Ҵҵش˽һȹأ˵
һ£ֽ̧ڱչҲǸողŵ֪Ϣ
½ˣƵЦЦԭϲһϸ΢˺ۺƣ֪ӹҲޱȡ
Ҳǣĺ赺ϣؾ׳˵زȻɵȥġ
ǻ˰֮Щѹֵ˵ǼƾҪ޳һ㡣
״̬ܿȾˣ֮жǳһѹֵС
ЦˣԼֲˣôɿʲô
ˣλܶ࣬ò׻ˣҲðսһ˰ڰ֣תƵˣøնġ
ĺһ⻰۾ˣǵһӴؽǺˣ
ı˲˲ٰȻݳȶûˡЦ˵
ĺεЦЦһ£ŲϵϾȻƮ˺ơ
ˬʵһЦֱָĺͿЦ˵ı벻Ҳн찡ڼʶˣˬ죡ˬ찡
УؽҪ˵ֻǱĹѪͷҵ˻ѡĺһ˵
ͱ˷·ǻص˺ͯʱһ㣬
ǰһĻ̲סЦˣ֪һʱѹʵ̫˰ĺľʦ׺ʣƫ࣬ϲֱֱһȻٲ鷳ìܵġ
ܹĳ˵նܺãֻΪԼҲһйĻˡ
ΪʲôῴĳЩһ˵ıϾܹ²⵽ˡ
ˣһǾҪҿһϷ𣿡ӣ˵ȴЦŨŨ
⻰˷׷ЦǸЩ˼ˡ
λڻǸ˵һؾĿǰɡЦЦ˵֪顣
ĿǰԨ۹ҳһܹ࣬ؾһصĻܹԨ۹뽹֮С


318 ΪӪ
̸µʱˣĺͿһһв֪ʲôʱðһȣҡţһζ
Ƴĺһۣȴһ½һµƶš
ĺ͵һſ˵ؽؾĿǰս֮ʮū򣬺ڼȵȰˣܹʮڡǵ˻ģʮ򾫱㹻Ƭϳ۳ݺᣡ
⻰˵İޱȣĺһŰҰ¶ɡ
ūΪʲôࣿЩ֣Ҫ˵ʮūӣ徫ǻࡣϾôೡսūӻԽԽġ
ĺ͵ͷǰһؽūʹǳ鷳Ǳѡǿľȫס֮ɱʣǱǲ
ūûԹԣūĴΣʵյӰ죬µʱ򶼻ῼǵĶһЩ
ĺƺ֪ʣֱ˵ؾǴūģЩūǵĴǲŸһŵƽ£黹֮
ãǳãı˾ٴư͵ƣĺ͵ǳ⡣
л佱취½ģҿɲҾӹĺЦǺǵ˵ʵԲˡ
վߺߵ˵ӵ̫Щū֮ǰһԴĻ㲻ʲôʱҲᷴˣǻԼ鷳ġ
ͷĽūͻűؾū㲻ûٴһֲ顣
֪Ŀǰؾĺ󱸲Σٴοʵ
ĺҲֱӸһͣĿǰؾռؼΪ㷺ǽĹŴɽΧȫռؾ˶࣬ôūѻĹŴɽҲ׵Ķ࣬Ȼǵ˿ڼӣʳסϵûܵʲôΪѡ
ĹŴɽûбǰмȥһʾߣʣ̫ĵطûб֣ЩǳؾӴչĸ
ãܺãĹŴɽǵĸֻҪܹúܴ޶ȵǵս⣬֪ĺͲԼʧһԴԺá
ؽؾѾ˸ôһǲǸȥչһˣĺЦǺǵʵʵˣֻǰûлóȻĻкܶ鷳顣
Ҵ˴λ˼ģֻڳ֮ǰҪΪӪе׼顣ЦǺǵ˵ܹܵؾĿǰ״̬һĥõıȴرһ£նɱ˵ʱ̡
ĺüͷһƺ˵׼ʲô
֣˵λǶףؾĸǳ˵ʱϼұȻҪģһʱǵϼұ˹򣬽ɵʧʮֿ¡
⻰˵ķǳԣڳսʱؾפػ飬ʱһ˸ҪЮǰսؾԾɼĶҡǻֱжؾĺ·׳ɥ֮Ȯ
֪ʲôõİ취ûУһֱڿǿϧһֻ޷ȡúõЧĺȻҲĵ֮һڿǳʱ򣬱ʹСɾսķӣռǣչһ֮ڽкĶ
ڿԼĸʵɹƣǲؾԺʲôжյǣƵġ
˶ü˼ţҲˣЦǺǵ˵һһ뵽һЩ취ġı˵һ;⻹ֶΣЩú˵Ļͬǵĸβƣ
ֶΣ
ڳĴ󲿷˶ҡҡͷǲûķһЩ֮ûмרڴ˵Ҳû㹻Ĳܹ
콫˵˳֮Цˣ˿鷳飬ȴʮֺýġ
һֱĻĹŴɽ˵ĹŴɽУҾܹҵһǵūô࣬ӦѾ˰ɣ
ԼǣѾ˼󲿷ֵĲ϶ܹӦѾһЩ򵥵Ķֻûиߵȼֶΰĺε˵ΪܹӵսԼ˵ȥⷽ˲ţϧջ΢
һЦһ·ջСҲǵõһЩǿֶΣһЩϲУⷽܵĿ֮ҰɣһЩȥġ
ؽ䣡
ؽ䣡
ؽ䣡
Ӫ֮еȻ࣬ɺȴƻֺ꣬ġ
ЦţʮϲָоԼһڿٷչĴҵò˶ʱܹ˰
һĵ·£žģӵô˵ӵ
ˣȻôˣҾڸ˵һϢɡЦǺǵ˵Ȼ˵ݶˣ˵һǽô
һʱ䣬Ӫʳ׵ذˡ
ʼЦе˵Ҵ㣬ｨڣϼҴһһֻӶɲͭǽڣ
ڣ
˶һ㶣ȴֹǲǲַ֪ڵĴڣЩ˵ûжð
֪ǻķӦİɣҸ˵ƳķڣЩûһܹһΡһЦЩЦ˵
Щ˺ȻĻ֪ǿ󣬿Щֶ˭ףǲЩֶΰˣ𵽶ôá
ĺ۾һ뵽󷨣ϲؽؽķڱΣ
԰Σ
ķڱ󷨻Ҫǿܹ֮ƽ룬Ǿ㹻ˣ
֪һԴ⣬ͷָͷ˵ƿڵ󷨣ֻҪڡ
ʲôҪڣ
˶ˣ֪ĲٲҲܻôǿھܹ󷨣
ⲻڿЦɣ
Ҷ֪ϲЦˣҪô˵ˣǾһڣ
ãðֻҪڣǿս罫Ԩ۹̤ƽˣһĴȣžһ˵Ŀⶼ˹
һＤضվڿʱȴһ죬εȥˡ
½˵Ķԣһ׼ͿԲΪӪԨ۹ʳЦǺǵ˵ʼչһĨЦݣû˵ɱ˿ħĸо
ֻ˿ض֪࣬˲ǿߣĻ£̤ʵˡ
˶ףһΣҪһδжˣ


319 ǿ
ĵһ죬æµġ
Щ߲Ӫһֱ£ţҹȥϢ
صŸԼס֮˼򵥵󷨣㿪ʼڵ֮
Щ֮Ѿ˲٣ԼֻҪʱ䣬Ϳȫڵ֮ˣҶʲôʱ֪Ҳȥġ
ھҪʱԼҪã
ϾΪʺ˻ҶεƹģԼͿңˡ
һҹ޻ڶ峿ؽ
ڣؾĸ֮أҪߵȼķڣҪ趨ֻ֮˲ſʹãҲúԺΣˡ뵽ڵؾ֮Ա̫ˣǸ˶Увٵж壬ֻڴҶڵ˵ĸأòһˡ
Ƴ˷ڣʲô˶ʹõĻôгһգһڰؾĸˣ޶Ҳط
ԣóֻѪͳ˲ܹʹãȻյķ
ǵˣԺɲҪؾʹõģֻҪһУڳ֮ڲַǿĴڣԿеľԼԼˡ
ԺһЩķӣֻԼǵڴָ߻вٴһֱûʱȥ
ϸѰһ飬ҵ˲ټ¼ֶΣ¸˵ĺܣЩԼòǷŸؾЩ˵ĻԿջ޴
Ψһе㲻ˬǣڽָߵĶ̫ˣָмٸЩǴɨսʱսƷ˺ǿϧȴռŵط
룬óһЩ˵ûκõĶ׼ĺͣȥʹõ
ߣκֻõʱмֵģһֱãѵǵëǵӣ
ţøǵ۹ǱһЩóһݴ򣬽Щر߼ݸԺٻȥʱһݡ
æЩǷݼŷڵ˳Ҫоһ¸иĶֻиĶ֮ŻǿĹ
ȻԼѪҺԼһĻǽи̶ϵ
ͷؾˮźָ˷ַǷ
ϴ˸裬һ·˳ȥ
һţǼĺ͵ȼҪڿٵ˹ƺѾȴˡ
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˷׷ʺãӦ֮ЦǺǵ˵λʲôôż
ɫһ죬׷εĺܣûһ˼ż˵
Цһһӣȥطɣ
ôҾ֪ؽ׼ˣСӻﵣ󣬵ҵģߺߣһ˫۾Ｄ˷ܵĻ棬˿ûһķ緶ĺֱҡͷ
ǲô⣬ûˣ÷ɵؾҪɰԺɵĻᶼûˡ
ĺȥ׼ĲϺ͵طˣڸŵ˵طһƣǺġ
ǻĹŴɽΧ͵䣬ؾ𹤳һɽߡɽ˲٣ֳ֮·һͨɽɿһͨҡ
ĺͽ𹤳ѡطǵģһõĿһ󣬽ʡʱ䣬뱾Ҳ㣬㹻ǿ󣬵ǲú±˽ˡ
һȦ˵ɽϼһͻ󣬲Ҫñ̽鵽µϾʵǿ˴ӸߴɹǸͲġ
ĺ͵һףʹȥ׼ˡ
룬ҪĶҶ׼ˣԱҲ׼ʮˡĺЩһ˵ܹôݵʱ׼Ҫ֮ǰİš
ĺͿǵԺٲ˻Ҫֶε֧֣΢ȶ֮ͿʼռͿɲϣʱһҲ˲ٵĴ
⣬ĺ͵ļĿϵ˵ıлл㣬ûĹףؾѾ˰ɡ
ˣǶˣΪ飬Ӧģĺ͹˵Ȼ˵лʮָ˵ġĿ϶ҲǶɾ͵
ʿ˶飬Ĳһʢޱ
֮ɨһۣ˵ãְŷǳã
Щ˶ѡģλˮƽߵģǰǵ۹ҲǱȽġĺָָ˵
һվغһؽã
ããʶɢʮ˵һ
ʵĽв㣬ߵǽ۷壬ҲӦöܺˡ
ˣر⣬ƾǵʵֻҪһ飬ǾͶˡ
ʮ˰ıԺҪѰһЩ˲ţҪǿţĿᶨ˵ƺ˾û˿Էһ㡣
ǣؽһŬģʮͬ˵ͶĻɣΪ֪һ
ֻһסˣˣǾͻɻڴֻΪū˱ס
ӻͳһЩ򣬰ǵʵһһַȥ˵ЩǱȽϸ߼Ҹǵʵ״ɣȻȫԼ֮󣬿໥ȥ໥ΪʦѧҪһǿŶӣǵǿĸˣ𣿡
ףԲʹ
뻮һ·ǰһ㡣
صͷЩ˵ƷӦöƾǵ츳ŻֻҪܹգټ໥ڻͨҪǿžͻڶʱڴɹγһǿս
·Ѿ˴Ʒ߳ȥװؾװУؾ֮Ϊι̲ɹƵͭǽڣ
ãǸҽɡڰʮ˸Žȥˣĺ͵֪ɲǸʱɵĻƣ֪֮ĳȥˡ
ʮֱΧһȦӣ̨ԼΧм䡣
ɨһۣ˵ְɣһЩϡĲǶɣȫֱɣ
˶һۣͷؽĲ϶׼ģܷľǡ
⣬ûΪԼʵ͵λȱ˸߶Դ󣬷鶼ΪгΪʦ츳
ãǶҪϸˣȼţһ˵һڶʱٿʣɫǸϸݲñ˴š


320 ʮ
һ׼һĿѵ״̬ſʼ֡
˵ҲǵһַڣȻԺƵϸ̣Ҳһ򵥵顣
ʼʱЩʮ˵пһһ㣬мֱ¶˲мı顣
üͷţ˶ܹóֿ
һҪ˵һȴҡҡͷʾȥ
һʱȥˣӦԻвѾĿʼŲŲˡ
Դ̧һ£һֱһָоЩ˵ֻеҵָо֮󣬲ŻƳӸƷʵƷ
ֹһʱ䣬ѾӦַҽгԴһ飬ȷʲô©

³һ˵ע¼˻
ˢˢˢˢ
˫ͬǷɵӰһ㼱ٵ˶ָˮһɣ·һʦһ㡣
ʮ˳׵Ŀɿڴˣɴ۾·Ǻ©κεһϸһ㡣
ϧʮ֮У˼ʵȽϸߵֶܹ֮⣬Ķֻǿ˫ޱȵĻš
ʱеĲ϶׼ˣűķһԣȴһĲ
ͬʱһĭڶԷ߿һ˿𾪡ǵ鼸ǲܷģھǰһһĳš
ʱ򻹾ֻһӣϲװƴţѾ׸ıԼĿϵֶΣͲһܹ߱ġ
أҪʼΪҪһˡ
˶Ծı壬ɴ۾۾͵ҪʱҲԲգһգ´ʲôҪĻڡ
ʱͲ֪ʮ˵ȫĶֶ֮УһĽڲϵķɢۺϣɢۺϣԼԸҪģ
һǽһЩм޷ġ
أһСɵĴģγɣڿֲڲѣ˾߱һ״֮ûʲôر֮
˶ضſ۲ַ
ʱ񱩵ͬһͷܣʱͬڼŮ˫֣Ǵֲڵģͽþϸ
̵ͺһԱߵ˶һ㶣Ÿæݹѿ̵һѳĶ˺ۣܶһѶ̶̵Ķ˷ǳ
һԣֱӽѿ̵ҸһС
ȣһȵ˫ֿʼٵĿ̻
Ǵڵģѿ̵ͬʱ֮£ȻӲ̨ϱƮһĿĹ⻪˸ѡ
ѿ̵˶֮ûͣ¹ͬͬʱʩչһ㡣
һõֶβʲô£ѵֻȥͬʱȫͬģǹ෴󷨣Ƿӵ·Ҫǳһһ㹻ʦǱˡ
أ˫ͬʱתһּΪѸݵٶȿ̻š
ཡ
֪˭һĭͱԱߵĶʮŸһֻ۾˹ȥ
˾ŵһż˫ֿȥ
Ļ϶ᾪȵķ֣ղŶʮŸһ˵ʱ򣬶һ𱸣һӾȻ˿ضĲ
ˢˢˢ
ϵţֻһʮͬǽһ㣬ֱ㶵ؿѧţ˼š

ȻһС𣬾Ȼǿ̵ļ˱ĥˡ
һһѿ̵˭üͷûжһ£ûнӿ̵ȻǰѶ˵Ŀ̵̻š
ڣϵؿ̻˰ʱ֣֮ͣѿ̵ವһӲ˲̨ϣӲޱȵĽѴĿ̵ȻӲز磡
ûκεķӦû˹עϸڣǵ۾еɢŵĹâĴģסˡ
֮Ͽ̻෱ӵ·һֹصĸо
˫۽ضŴģͣЩҡҡͷֱģ֮˼·֮صͷ
һĻ˿ﶼŴͣǿرӲĲϰһ˾ÿ̵ϱ߿̻һۼȻֱӾһָͷ
ˣЩ˵۳׵ıˡ
ǵУѾˣһǶĤݵ
ϵ֮
ϧе㲻㰡𺳵ʱȻôһ仰
ʱʮ޵˼ˣ⻹̶ֳѾǼˮƽˣȴ˵еʦҪǿϲٰ
ˣպðɣҡҡͷƲƲ˵˿ûע⵽ʮ˵ɫѾ԰Ѫˡ
ʮÿ˵ĵ׶ȼһſ񱩵Ļ棬֪ԼˣֻҪѧһƤëϳ۳ݺˡ
֪ЩֶνﱻնɱЩ˵Ķ㲻ʲô
һڵܿʼӿ˳ֻСĴģ͸
һ⻪˸ţЩԭû˿Ե·ͨĽ࣬ɢŵĹâ
·һһĽͨڽͨһ·ʱģͺһ
һŵڳ˶һеȵĺ˳ֽסԼ͡
Ѿֶȫȥˣע⵽ڵԼûʲôν
ɣͺһ˫͵һ£˫۱Ӷ
һ͵Ϣ˫֮䴫ƺһͷԶʱڵҰڽ˹·Ҫڳ˶ɵ
΢΢ҡͷǲһ㣡
˫ٴһЩʮ˿ĵطȳһѪҺ˴ģ֮С
⻪һڳ׳ͣͬһƽĵһ㣬Ϲ⻪תһɹɵϢϵתš
ﺬһѪ֤ڵľָȫͬʱҲȷֻ˲ܹơ
˵ͷһƵķˣȻһЩСС覴ãҲһĴŮˡ
ѽԭôۡʶչһһŷΧվʮˣڻس
Щˣ첲ڰջûоʮܡ
˭룬ʮ˼ΪĬصԴƺѰʲôһ㡣
ʮͬʱҶÿһ˶ʵˮƽҲǿߣĳû˼ɡ
ˣֻüɣȻһţǶھˡ
ʮͬʱһ㶣㿴ңҿ㣬ڣҡҡͷһ䡰û
λЩԾˣԼַ˰ôЩ˻ûпҪǵһư
ðɣǾɡûзˣֻˡ
ͨͨͨ
ʮ֪Ϊʲôʮ˾Ȼֱӹڵء


321 ǿì
ʲôԼ
Щ֪ˣû˸¹ֻͷʽ¹ʵ̫ͻȻ˰
Ϊֱ̧ͷ˵ؽΪͽܣ
ؽΪͽ
ؽΪͽ

뻮һʵǾЩԤıġ
һΪʲô¶ءһֽۣʮ˶ŵҲǷˡ
ɣôˣȫͽȻǲܵġǣҿԼǶ֮СУʲôڰ˵ҪͽܵĻҲҪеˣ̫Ȼеġ
˵ͼǵִʲôô᲻أ
ؽСĽнƣ
ؽСĽнף
һһ˵Ȼֵܡ
ˣѹǳĬأͷʵֵܣ
ڵõȷĴ֮е뷨
ðɣҵĵӰɣ˶ǼӣţҪ̵ˣֻҪɼұȻǵģ𣿡һ֮󿪿˵ʮһЩؾҪڣֻȫɳˣؾķչŻûйǡ
ϾǿҲһˣ͵ŶӻҪġҲܵĴڣгһֵĳɾͻҪǿġ
ƣӦñɣţǺãǴʦˣǶʦ֣ҪúôǡҪסˣһŶӣһ˵ǿûжãһŶǿǾǷǳµģҪǳΪǿţ
ף
ף
ʮŭⲻ̫߻صţ˵ģҲԲС
ٴιڵصʮˣˣ֮󣬹һЦ˵ߣҵһƵĴڣЧΣ
ʲôȻǵһƣ
겻ڿЦɣһƾܹĳ̶ȣ
ϸǣҪȻʮڿʼʱҲķӦˡϾտʼ˵ĸоһϤֶΰ
ʮ𾴵ĸȥˣƺƵ˵Ŀ⡣
ʶҵĺڣ˴Ÿ߲쵼ȫϷ
ʮֲ⣬Žȥûʱͳˣǲʧˣ˵Ūһʲôͳˣ
Żɺε飬ĺ͵ߡ
˲ˣЦЦСɾµĴڣ˵ⶫЧΰɡ
ôСؽȷⶫãֱڿ죬ֱӿ˵ˡ
û˵ʮȴһµĶ쿴дŷŭȻһ仰û˵ƻ㹻˵ġ
εһŵ۾˻ȥ˭ЩƽԻŵҪˣȻһֱͦؿ죬˿¡
ףЩ˳˵ǰɣȻҵңҲʻ𣿡ˣֱӿںȵ
ǺһЦȴǲ˵ʲô
һԵĺͿЩè壬ļ˵½ȻĻǾ˵࿴ûлġ
⻰Լֲڵ°ͣͷ˵ˡ
ʱʮ˲ǵõһջȫעĿ·ľżһ㡣
ɴ۾ޱȵؿĺҪ֪ΪʲôĺȴЦЦ°ͣʾ
ٵ飬ͺһ־ͽСɾµĴڸ׵˿С
һҲǸһĺͬźˣȴȻԣԭزվţǲмƳĺһۡ
ĺҡͷʱԴõĻȷǲеİ
¡
ҵĲڿնĴ˲俪ʼΧǿѹγ˳ȫ˻ȥ
˶վıûյʲôЩԴ׵УƵ˼סӡ
ҵ죬Ȼôǿ𾪵ؿǿѾ˱ȷӻҪĴڣѾϲ£ˡ
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ص䵽˵ϣطרѰҵģһưͺ˶СɽϣֱӶ׼˻ĹŴɽеһƵɽ塣
̽ˣΧûʲôЩҲôֶθתƿˡ
λעˡ˵ͳһʯ˿֮Уֻžһʯ㱻ڹ̶С
ְһһŦʯΧľۼҪΪʵʡ
˶ޱȵؿǰķڣȳ̶ȵԲһƷܹİûмʶ
ǰĴڣȴⶫȱһƵʱҪĶĵط
ˣ
һƵɣѾ׼ˡ
ʱеˣٿһĻӦûӿһЩˡͷҪĶĵطΪʱ˻ᷢͻϮ޷ٻɣǾֻܺķʯ̫ˡ
һһ˶ڶʼ
ʶȥˣֻûжʮȴǲҪһǰ߿˸ŷĹâ
Цһֽǻյʲôˡ
أ
һƵ˼һöڵ˳ȥųβͣŲԶɽײȥ
¡¡¡
һ̣ȥ鿴ʱڵѾصײˡ
ҵıըضڷĲţ˵һ㡣
˴벻֮¶վסˣЩ֪ʲôؾ֮˸һս׼ȴȵķûнʩ
̳ɢըƽϢ
һ̳˷ٳƺҪ;жȫĨɱ
ҡҡͷֱǽЩ̳ǿסֱ˻ĹŴɽ
ʱ򣬵ĲŽƽϢٵطɽ嶼϶޴ʯͷһع
ɢͺһ˫һֿЩ̳ķɢ˿¶ոձ˵Ĵɽ
ףɽأ
԰ɽôûˣ
ɵӣɽûˣ
ɽûˣ

Ⱥ˲ը˹˶ţǵôֲһιȻһɽʧˡ
ҲЩԾˣƵɽ徹ȻһƽİСѣ˲ͷϵĺˮЩε˵ȿȣ֪ͰĿѡԶһˡ
⻰˽ĬֶιȻֻܹõĳ
ؽ
ؽ
ؽ

һĺߴؾʮ˾Ȼͬʱ˻
Ƴ嵽ϣ߿еƶ䶼ŵܵˡ
⣡ǳ⣡
Цţ˿Լ˷ܣһƵĴڣȻֲܹʵ
ƵĴɽʧӰ٣һ˿ʯ鶼ûʣ¡Ǵɽ󷽵ҲܵǣùͺͺһƬˡ
ؽ̫ˣ𾪵ߣޱȵ˵
ûʲô֪ЦǺǵ˵ǴھͷҲûп˶ɡ
̧ͷǷʮһֲмÿ˵ǶһĨЦݡ
ףЩ˸ǰɣ


322 ͭǽ
Ǹȵģ˶̲סЦ
ҶףֻҪǸ˹ϵǾݵһ˶ǲǵġ
½ı̶ֳȵķĻǳһʯΪͷŵġǿһʯǲҪôǿǿԵǿȵġؾԺôŻǳġƽ̹ĵüͷ΢΢һ¡
ʯ˵ôȱɶԨ۹صؾ˵Ǽ鷳ˡ
һ֣Ӧùãʱһܻʱˡ
ؽܹƶ٣ĺ۷Ź⣬ͬǼҰڿζһ㡣
β˽ĺ͵뷨ǺһЦͷ˵ıҪ٣
Ҫ٣
ĺ͵ЦҲ̲סˣЦ˳ؽ˵ʵⱾֻҪŷھ㹻ˣұ֤ܹѸڽ鷳ȫң
ֻҪŰһֱӸŵġЦǺǵ˵ĺ͵Ķ͡û뵽ĺ;ȻֻҪŷھ͸˵ܹطܲ͸磡
˲ž˲ţֻҪŵ˺ʵĵطͻᷢӳ㹻á
ʱĺѾɴ۾˼ؿΪȳ̶ȵķھԲǶʱܹġתһ룬ҲûöʱƳ˰
ءؽûпЦɣĺеˣһݵ˵Щˡ
Цţҡͷ֤ıɷҪϱ߿Ц
Ǻã̫ˣŷڣĺ;ܹһֻӶɲģĺ˷֮˵˫΢΢죬޲Ͳŷڣؾפط
ͷ˵İɣһ׼ŷڣȻڸһЩСĴڡ̶ֳȵķ̫ˣƵĳɱԼʹõĳɱǳ󡣱ϾʯôŪġ
˷׷ͬ⣬ܹʯˣܹõͬһˡֻҪǿķڣܹݿؽĳкΪҡ
СһЩĴڣؽҪȥԵ𣿡ĺһſʵʵǱ𺳵ˣҪһʱƽһӦʱʱ̶̿侲ͷԡ
Ҳֱӿ˵ǵģؾԨ۹ĸأҪӪˣҪĿŵԶһ㣬￪֦ɢҶӦҲõһЩϢǵ۹Ѿķˣܹõİǳ٣ֻܹпԼˡ
ǵ۹ıҪʱƫƫʱλ飬ñͷǳǵ۹ٴαøˣ˵ǳˣܹסڵĸͷǳˡ
ؽǵ۹ûϣĺһ֮ջǿʵˣڵҪҪȻ鶼ðš
Ͼǵ۹ܹڶʱڿͳһĻǽлԨ۹ؾаĻǾûκԮˡ
΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣһʮε˵ϣеģҲǵؾڷչĿǰͷǺܺõģռԨ۹֮һĹֻڴֻǸΪ˭ʲôĶˡ
˾һû뵽ؾԭԨ۹ĸػһ֧ұؾҪǿࡣ
ؽ˵ǵ۹ؾҲһģ˺þãǽ⻰˳ͬؾȻѾԱˣЩ黹ǰȷõΪϼ֮ߡ
һЦһͣǵģؾǵֵܣ½ҪúŬҪǱߵĽǸȥˣ
İɽؾһ󽫵λҪˣһŬɱУؾƮԨ۹У᲻˼ֶŭţƺҪҲҪסŵ
ãܺãؾҪıͽúŬɣ岻ᱻūۣӲᱻΪؾڣΪһŬžžƣʮصͷ˵
ĺâ˸ѣ˸Ǳ˵Ѫڣ޲ھͿʼؿʼԨ۹Ĵ
Ҳˣ㽫ǷĺִͣһЩƵķŵȵȣſ˵ˣȻȥɣȽפذź˵ɡ
ɢæԵȥˡҲ˵ϻֱʮ˻ȥ˿ɽҵȥˡ
̶̵İ֮ڣ㽫ʮ˵ˮƽ׵ͺñϴ跥ëһؾ޴仯
ʱ֮ڣҲŷڸȫ㶨˼С͵ĹԴںͷԴڣʣµ鶼źãʮ֮ų׵زȥˡ
ĺͺ죬ʣŷڽǣ˵ŷڣǿԼţֻҪܹؾפشļ̲ͻƱ㹻ˡҪ֪ؾŵūĸֻҪؾһӴڣһоͶ˵ˡ
ĽɫǾؾĵλһӴŵĴ죬ֻҪӴûе£Ǳ㽫лԴԴϵԱЩūų֮Իĺܡ
Ĳϣ
ؽҴŷڣһţһ½ţڱƲѵʱʹóܹõ䲻䲻ЧĺȻĥ˵ˣֱӿڽԼ뷨˵˳
Ϊĺıʿŷھܹɵ飬ĻϾ˷ѣҲ˵ԷһõţŵĻǾ̫ˣıʿǵĳ衣
ã㿴ŰžͿˡҾؾפصĺɽλõǿԷһЩС͵ķڣЩ굽˺ȥЩֶΡͬˣǺ飬˿϶֪ؾפжٷڣһĵ˹ؼʱ̷ãܹõ˺һġ
ĺ͵ͷӦ£ҡеȣ۾΢΢зţ֪ȥıʲôˡ
Ļϲظеķڣֵغܡ
½ʲôĶЩˣҪĻΪʵ⣬ǿѡһЩģʵ齨һ֧رĶ飬Խӣȥ˵ıִһЩر񣬻רɱ˵ĸ߲ʿؼʱҪֶΣҲҪ˸ɵװɣ
Це˵űǻһתҪڵֲӵģʽһȻɱ֯Ϣܹ֯ͨӻϾûˡ
ӣţȷǸ⡣Ҫûкʵѡˡһúȥġĺ°ͣʶź˵


323 ֵҩ
ɣ󷨺⼸ķڣؾפصİΣû⡣
Ǿòؾĳʵ̫ˣȻ˲սϴ񣬿ɸе껹ǲǿֻоսܹٵسɳ
Ҵ㾡ؾϵȥսϵȥþս֮вϵѧϰ־顣ǲܹ̫ս󣬶ûã̫ĻһƵ󷨣ؾпܱǵĵ˵ЩҪǵ
ؾǿԭʲô
һڣֻҪһ첻û⡣
ؾṩĳǿ󷨣ֻҪо̵ʱʹϣûĿܣҲؾܹڵԭ
ɴҲܹؾ󷨵̫ǿˣһ⣬ؾܾͻľ
ؽһֱڿǣȥܹ⣬˵ܹõؾսʵɲôһ޷⡣ĺε˵˵۾һƬ룬ԵЩСɽͷ
üͷһ˳ĺ͵Ŀ⿴˹ȥǿʶһɨǽе鶼ˡ
סŵĶս֮˵ģǲм˵ʿǻʧȥսǻڻ֮УӴš
üͷĬˣҲؾʲôط
ؾǺǿ󣬿ǿҲÿµġԴԴϵµʿܹĻǻû⡣
ڵǰˣǰΧĳлûбؾƣÿһιܹ֮ȳūǾͬԴԴϵѪҺһ㣬ͣ͵ؾȻ֮С
ʱƣؾΧĽһЩĳжɨϮ˸飬ﻹжūܹѪ
ʱգԨ۹˽ãγһǽ֮ؾҪǰεؾͲôˣɸӴʱؾֻԽԽ٣ûʣ¼
Щʿ϶ϣָܹսģֻҪһЩ鷳׼ˡŵüͷɿˣʵô£ֻЩ鷳ˡ
ǰɽʲôȥƶƶ˶õҩκˣѵ˵Լ˾޷
ؽҪʲôֻҪܹ㵽ҿ϶뷽跨ġĺȻûб̫ϣĵ׾»ʲô취ġ
Ȼǿܵؽ
ؽǰһжģ
ҩܹ㹻ĲҩĻҾܹ׼һЩҩһȻظս³˵ҩ֣Ҳյǿʵ֮һɡ
ĺ͵ĺԱߵǺٺЦʵˣͷûʲôԸ⽫ԼƵĵҩóϾƵҩҪĶʵ̫ˣѵʱҲࡣ
ؽĵҩʲô͵ģĺͶԵҩٻЩ˽ģ߰˼ܹʿָĵҩһ޷Ƶİ
ָ˵ֵҩһһһԵͻʵ
ҿؽûпЦɣֵҩɲһܹõĳ˰쵱͵ɴ۾˼ʵ
֮󣬺Ȼֲ˼Цһĸһˣѡһ鶼㹻ˡ
ؽ´׼ģûв´ĻҪѰһЩƵҩ˲ŰɣĺЦе˵˵ֵҩʱѾʼ׼ˡ
ҩֶһܻȫԼٵҪһŶӣһܹԴԴṩڱϵŶӣһ˵ǿ
ͷҩͬ𣬵ҩʦҪһЩˮƽ̫ҲҪֻҪǵԺʲͿԡŶǿҩʵֲ̫ˣǿԸÿսʿһҩĻǿ϶ǵսġ
˴ͷĻû˿ɡ
İؽĺһ׵ġĺ˫ֱǰʮֹ˵
ŵֵزˣǻ޷õĻֻԴлˡ
뷨ȽʵʣָսĵҩҪ;սʱʿɥʧսֻҪûǾͿ̷ҩڶʱڻָս¼뵽սУ൱սʵܹǿѹ
һ;Ǵս֮ЩԱõġԱ֮󣬿Կٵػָսܹһϣһͷ
Ҫ֪սв˲ʵֲ̫ˣ޷úôĻ¾޴Ӱʿսʱ޷ſֽţӶڲ
һ˵ҩǲͬˡʿսʱ򣬿ԾʩչֻҪԴûбǱͨҩлָ˾ܼս˵ĸˡ
ּ򵥵˵ֻҪǰ׳գ˭ȥ㡣
ĺ˼֮Ǿ°ϵĺ룬üͷ˵ؽ֪ڶֵҩǴʹõģ
ڶֵҩˣѡЩ͵ģûмϴսḻģؾ㹻ˣֱ֮ӽʵԾӵǿʵܹ֮Ĺ׽󡣡ͷĿЩص˵
ֵҩЩܹǿн۷ԪӤڵĵҩֻ࣬ĸ֮û˴ʱưˡֻҪ˻ţʵԳñ棬޷ˡ
ӦñȽϺѰң̫ƽӹ֪ԼûĿˣǷõĻܹǵҳ϶ȣܹǸƴսؾսзǳİؽĺͳ˵ȻǽĴһһʮ˵˳
ͷӦ˵˵ûдҾǵġֵҩǴһֵҩֻ̥Ψһĸþ޷ˡ
ǲõġʶ̫˾ǵͣһʵȼϵģĻᣬǾԲģЦ˵ĳѾ޷ˡ
۾ѾǳΪһشˣ˵ҪԨ۹ĻʳԥظһȥԲգһ۾ġ
ˣȥɣӿٶȣһļƻӣ󲽵ǰˣһ֣ǿҵŴɢ·ǻӳⷽٵǧһۣޱȣսܡ
ĺһۣͬؾʤ


324 
֮뿪ˡ
ڰź֮󣬱ڱչأֱʧؾפ֮С
ʱ֮һҰӰԼٶԨ۹ķ񱼶ȥ
ĿȻǼسǣҪ￴Ӱ֯ķչΡ
ѰԶӣԼ֮󣬼ٴ˲¥İ֮С
٣ڻ˰
ԽһţһƨĶ棬˵
üͷһЦǺǵ˵ôˣʲô黹ܰԶӸΪסˣ
ǲ֪ǰҲûе֪ߵڿʼ֮󣬲ŷ⼫س֮ǰ˿ʼˣֻһֱǳذˡԽʱѾû˵ּȣЦ˵
ϢЩԾˡ˵ڼسˣ˽˵Ԩ۹¶ûһרŵ֯顣Ϊʲôոտʼ⼫سʩչ㷢˱˵˿ء
ʲôʵȴ߶һ֯֡
˭룬ԶӾȻҡҡͷ˵һ䲻֪
ֺˣȻ᲻֪
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ϰԵҿһ£ԽСѹĵ˵٣Ҽרŵһ£Щƺ֯ģǿÿ߶б鲼ֻû֪ǵ
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תһ룬ʵʲôر֮ûеĻֱˡ
Խ߿һ֪Ҫ£˵һĻ϶Ҫˡ
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ȿȣǸЩ˺ɫӣ壬ֻһ˫۾Խղһ˾˵˳뵽ֱŭˡ
ȫۣ
һüͷšѹסеĲ²⣬ʵǲеÿ˶һֻĸоɭɭͬǰҹеĹһ
ԣһŸô˵أ˵ˡԽϵı˲ˣܹĳӦ֪Է˭ǽʵѵѾˣ
ͷҲǸͷˣǰһЩ鷳Ҹˡڸ˵˵ǵɡ
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Щ⼫سǴˣƺΧļﶼܹҵǵĻۼֻЩƽ¶棬ÿһ¶涼صأǹһˡ
ڼسУЩһϢĵطܹ룬ֻ˽˵ģʽܹ롣
٣ǲ֪ұȥʶʶģĸͲҽ˵ÿͷֻһ˽ȥһҾûа취ˡΪһֻһ˽ȥһνйϢԽ˵ڶµʱ仹ûеأͻˡ
ͷѾϿԿ϶صķϢ֯˭ˡ
ûǰøոս޵ԩҡа̱ħ
ûдݾ߰ɣԼĶͷЩĵʵԽЩ²ϽԷǰˡ
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٣Ƕ˵ĻҪСİȣðԼȥˡһʱĵ飬ҲЩ˵ϲΪһСжһŲٵˡҪĻ²װԽԼõϢͲ²˵˳
ˣĥһ֮󣬸µĲ𣺡ԱʲôĶ׼˰ɣ쿪ʼǾʹһƣڿһҵֱ̣ϢǼȻڰôǾһģ
˶ţű̾˴Ĵָ
ǻ治뵽ķ¡
ٷİɣǶ֪±߸ôˡ廹һλʦүרŸָǴǲܵ飬ò˶ʱǱɾ͵ġԽЩ˵ܹõİһĳϡ
ʲôطֻȥֲЩӵܡ
ãüسǵĲ;ҪЩԵĻȥΧеͷ˵ԶӵǺܴ󣬿û뵽Ȼ˱ħĺۼ
һе˵ǷǳѵõģȻҲųĳɷڡ
İ٣ЩŪͿ׼õġԽظ˵⼫سǵľӸλȻẦŪЩϢˡ
ͷ˵żҪϸϢţȷϢòҪȻһЩҪҥʲôҲҪⲢҼ¼ңϾ޷粻ˣ
˷׷׵ͷһϸ֮ɢæȥˡ
뿪֮һЦñħ벻ǾȻҰצôȻ˼سˣҾͲٸǿ˰
һԤУɽǵħ֯߿϶֪ˣҷǳӣҪȻҲռϢʱԽЩ˸ˡ
ȻҪҵ鷳ǾɣԻǱħٺһЦʩչѾһģ
ҡһȣǹһĨЦݣ߳ȥ˲¥ųڵĶ;ȥ
·һ鼮̣ѰһµԨ۹зֲͼϸؽߵϸڶ¼
ʱ䲻࣬Ҫڵϵ֮ǰֵ֧御ܵʰ벻ʱȥ鷳
ֻҪû˱ߣƾڵϵЩƼֶΣԼ飬ԿԸ壬ҲһϢĻᡣ
Ҫľʱ䣬һԲҷʱ䣡
һ߿ŵͼʼȴ봫С
Ԩ۹ϲȽϴҪУÿһжسǲ࣬ŸԵɫʵΨһĹͬǣǶҪսԵλϣܹеһйͿԶԨ۹ĸв
ڣоԨ۹ϲһߣ
ֻҪ߲ƣԨ۹Ͳõġ
иΪ߶һ֡ڡ
ڣͬ߿ǳһ㣬ֻҪϵ㻯һڣϲвȫߡ
𣿲ŵͼϵУָ
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325 
ڣԨ۹֮Ӧиָ㰡ҪȻôɺϵ飿
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Уÿ֮ľ붼ֻ̣Ҫһѣܹڳб֮ǰһֽ֮Χ
ȴǸ࣬ߵĻ⡣
епγһƶĳӣеľãЩӲϵƶţôܹ˽ʱѭͱͻơ
ֶξԲܹӵеģ÷ǳֻҪúˣ޷ƵĴš
֪Ԩ۹ǲǻܹתֻҪ޷תǾǺһһЦ˵ĳУĿǰµĵͼ˵вһ
йһǻҹֵ¡
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ڿһжҪˣԨ۹ΪǿϷѾѳΪأֻҪҵһʵͻƵ㣬ôܹõ޶ȵĳɹ
ʱ˴УǰģļسǣϵЦԽԽŨˡ
ָҰɣ岻ڴ˻ţͬһͷľޣŽһеⷢԼŭĺС
⻪˸ռ仯֮һȫµĳ
˳ǣԨ۹ϽҪ֮һĻ˳ǣҲҹеС
벻˳ǾȻһˮǣӿ鷳˰˴󣬿ֲʶͬһɢ˳ǵһ顣
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Щ֮£һΪ޴󷨣Сĵ̽һ֪Ϊֻܹͨӣֱӷɹˡ
Ǿ޴һ󷨣ǽ뵽˷Χ֮ڵһдڶܷУеҲһġ
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ЦѣַһЩûа취顣˳оǳֲ߰ľӴڡ
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ڻ˳дһ죬ڶһģ㻻һ·һģֱӳ˻˳ǣ뵽ããĻԭ֮С
˳ǵͼǣͼڶУ˳ǵľͬҪ֮ء
ֻǵطڶӣҹͬǲԸ˴ռԼĵ̣ʱȴŻԷҧ
һ˳Ǻͼ֮Ĵ󱻻ٻˣҪȥͼǵĻֻԼɹȥˡ
·ϻиָڰڣÿһ˽ϸϸ΢ĵ飬жԷļϸǲ鷳ˡ
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ǿ̫ܲڵϲرŵ˱߽ȥǷǳҶҲǳ߽ʱ䣬һб߷ȱǲϵؼǿ֮ϵ;ʵ
£ӲɱĳΪ˶һĴڡ
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Ϊñ߽бûжǮƣֶΣȻܹ׬ȡǮƵͬʱñ߽еľأȫԱĳƺ
һﵹǺ˼лӴһµĻǾȤˡ۾â˸һԺ֮γˡ
ʼվãܹս֮ĳɾ͡ÿÿսʱ򣬶ѪƯ֣ʬҰ飬ùĻͨƽͷգԵ޹ʵѣɾ͵ȴǱ˵ĻԻ͡
ͼǵĵλûл˳ô̬ҲǸѹɽء
ڶҹ֮䲻֮˫Ľ˼ΣȻÿһεĹģ󣬸ǶǶ£Ҳܹ߿ͼǵȷǶеĵ̡
Ǳͼ֮󣬱㻯һŷӣ̧һЩȥͬʱЩͷβĸŮ̸
Ҫõһֵϣ˵ͼǵ˶ԶӼΪӵĻֻѡ취ԸˡҪȻʮĴҪȫԱĳУµýһߡ
Ȼһֲ²⣬ǰĽսǸϲճƵϲƫ棬ϲԾԵʵǿĹֳ״ܡ
ӣҵüˡȷ˾ӵ֮¶˾ġ


326 
ӵ鲻żڶ˽⣬ֻеȴʵĻˡ
ţȻԱߵһﴫһкǸ˭
ҿ˿ŷ˾ȻڽԼָָָԼıӣһ䣺ڽ𣿡
ϻӲڽ˭ҰЩûȥŻдŵĶһмؿǸɵӡ
һ㶣ͷԼһۣԼĲǸŷ
Ӧһϲ˹ȥĹֻҪװʲô͵úúðݣÿһһǷֹ˷ԼݣҲܹõ˼õϵ
УЩǻĶ߼ΪĶ޷뵽дģԽŷȻǲɻȱĴڡ
һƣȻǸۻĵطֻǻﶼװһܹʶߣʹȥ̽Ҳ޷еʲô
СӣǸŷӦôô㣬Щװȥһȥǻм˵ʱǶһ˿ƺ˵һ仰ǵ
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һСĵ̽ߵĶһ߽һܹװһ˵ӷŵ˷ϡ
˶ޱȣںֱӿһ䣬ԽеĶװ¡
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üͷֱִ߿»ʲôܡ
װе֮ʵվǻ˵ߣЦ˵ү鷳ҸһЩﶼжɣұ׼ܹĺúõġ
ԵǮƸĻһƲƲüͷһ²ŵͷ˵ðɣȥɣסֻߣҴӿ߾ʲôĻһ֮أ
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ڻ˻ͷ˲䣬Ц˫۱ؿǻˣӲʶ뵽֮Уߵʲô
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Ԩ۹˶֪ŮϲŮŮʹãЩרȡֵĴڡ
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⻹˵ãŭѣһӾվ˫ȻֱӽǰһСŸˣǻ˵ߡ
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أ
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327 Ӿ
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װһٶʮòŮӣúõؽǰٺã϶ǲеġ
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Ůǽ˹ǵĵһӦȻǹ۲ΧʲôطֱӱסԼ˫ȣ߶µضſԭأһ仰Ҳ˵Ҳʡ
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ҰǾ˳򵥵˵˵ЩûлعŮ޷ܡ
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üͷ͵һšǰѾ˽ڳʵŮˣ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵Ҿǳ˭Ǹһ·
·ǺǣӾͲҪЦˣЩԨ۹ĸأûʲôһȺûûʲôʵŮˣǳŮūʲôô㲻ǵĻô죿ȴǵ޷·ҪôҪôȥŮūŮεЦһǿʮ
ʲô֣֪Ԩ۹ؾ⣬Ҳ֪Ԩ۹ūıһͷܹõһЩı䡣
Ůһؾ֣۾ˣ·ǻ˹һ㣬æ˵عӣСŮΪѩ׾ͳԨ۹˵ؾˣҪű߽̫ңԶֻҪлǾͻȥؾ
Զ߽ˣҲӴ˿һٶʮŮ˶Ԩ۹ģؾ޷Ĵڡ
֪ʲôط𣿡Цеؿʵģһ˵ᡣ
ѩ΢΢ҡͷֱɫѾ˱仯һŨҵڴȽȽ
Ҳż˵ĿƽؿеŮˣЩŮÿ˵Ѿ˱仯ôôãǷϡ
Ԩ۹ϽϷĹŴɽΧһһֵ˵˵֮㰲ؿȺŮˡ
ѩĺǲ֪ʸɾõٴ˳
ˣڳˣҪȥؾ
ڲĥ˰ףһųˣ
ǲΰɣûƭǰѣ

Ů˷йľȷЩ׳ۣԵȻЩܲסﻹǼȥæһ˵ǼȻ֪ؾǿ϶֪ɣ
֪
ؽľ
ȻűȽԶǻ˵ؽ¼ģ

ߴߴٴԼеװװˣϻ
ˣ밲һ£Ҿ˫֣ɢһǿƣڳˡ
һ㶣ɽűǻǿɲɵӣֶͨεôֵܻط
ллؽ֮СŮΪѩһʩ˸ѧԼķʽŸл֮顣
ڰ֣Ը˷ʱ䣬ֱ˵Ŀ˵һؾϵһ£һֱߣĹŴɽΧֻҪȥܹؾӭǵˡȻһ·ϲôɣΣնڣҪѧᱣԼһҪʣµľֻܿԼˡ
ʲôȻҪԼΣձ鲼ĻĹŴɽ㣬ȥǲ֪ڶԶ봦ؾ
϶ڿЦİɣ˶ʼˣΨǴѩĬһ֮󣬲ſ˵ؽһĻᣬֻҪܹ߳ȥôǾͿԻع鵽˵ĻڸԨ˵ţˣѵ˵ǲԸ𣿡
Ů˷׷ֹȻЩ¿ɻǽغ䱻ЩԨĥǲҰ⣬֪ԼʲôطҲ֪ԼһĻᡣ
Ҵһ֧ӾѩʱȸСӵ쵼λðɣʲôʱҪѧѡ񣬲Ҿܵı֤˶ܹ߻ȥһ£ǾЩŮһЩȨǻûߵԼš
ѩüͷšĽأ˼һֻͷЩǼᶨε¶˾ģĿȵ˵ؽģѩԲκˣǻһٵĻع飡


328 ǮҴԺ
ãʣµͽˡͷ˵ŮǸ߿һۡ
ѩܹŻȥĻǵʱٺܿԽνӾ
ǵõЩһȥؾפصʱǸʱؾʮ𵤸ƿţûʲôΪŮֻܹΪŮͣӷ˵˯ûʲôǲġ
ɲҪҪһȫģģÿһ˶ܹӳԼõľӡ
ԣһ֧ӾǺбҪˡ
ӴָóһװʵĽָ˴ѩ֮˵ߵ㹻ǻȥˣ·ϵʱעⰲȫ˳ԿһδǵӾ
˵꣬תóһͨѶĺϵһٶʮλŮ˵˵һӭӡ
Щ飬ŸЩȥˡ
ܻܲҪԼŬˣѩϣûп㣡һŽнԶһٶʮŮˣпѡ
ʱ֪պԨ۹϶Ӿ֧ĳνġ
ǺǣעһµЦһæʻŷͼǷɱȥ

֮ڻصͼǡ
ֱ֮ϵǮ룬֮󣬱˽⵽˲ٵ顣
û鷳ʵȻҪֱһǮ롣
ǸӣǸĽˡ
Ǯվһԣ˵ˣӵȷҹҵ鷳ֻýѹȥˡ˵Ǳߵʱ鷳еŮ˶ˣһʣ
ͷ˵ǺʣԺҪǮ벼һСľ֣ڻʱ䡣
ˣҾЩģԺҪŮ˵ĻҸô죿Ǯԥ˰ջ˵˳ҪҪȻһľԻ
ˡ
ָû棬ǰȻŻȴǵͷĵǮ룬һ˿ꡣ
ҪŮ϶ҪģɸôأҵĻǮڵûˣҪȥѰңЩŮָô죿ǲῴ鷢İ
Ӱɣøָİ취ϣһʱ䣬νĶӾûʱȥŮˡֻѡ²ˡ
ǵˣˣһ취ġǮӦӶǳΣһҪ˵ѻӿ϶ǻŵġ
ΪһлŮˣûʲôεġ
ãڴȥҰɣ˵ѣҪһطϢԴͼ֮ŷԼûҵʲôͻƿڡ
ͼǶӵĵ̣ڵڣҪֵĻ϶ʡȴ˴鷳Ǹζأ
ˣȥ˽һ˵ɣҲûáҡҡͷǮؼȥˡ
Ǯλͼǵ࣬еռˡΪڸո뿪ݲԶ֮󣬱ŴǮҷε˲ϵǮк
һֱǮŴһ뵽һֱĿĴ֮ϡ
٣ǮҴԺˡǮЦǺǵ˵ķԸ֮£ֻܽԼĺˡ
ͷʶͷΧŵ֣ǺһЦ˵ǮǴֱʰǮһǮҴԺĳƺ֪ʲôԴͷ
Ǯ٣֪ǮͼΪϵļˣͼǻûнʱǮҾסԺķչʱǱһһߵڵĳ̶ȡǮԺȻڵլӻϡլӱΪǮҴԺֻôһ˵ˡǮ˵Լҵ飬ǺЩģֻǰֻܹһ°ˡ
ﻹǵСϷǮҴԺ飬͵ˡ
ǮҴԺֻһԺӣǮҲϵķչУǮҴԺԺӲϵ󣬲ϵ͵ֹģԳƺΪǮҴԺ
ֶܹΣǮ˿϶˲õġ
ȻҪĸۡƺΪǮҴԺΪľʱĺͷǮҴԺһֱչȥ
ǮҴԺȻǴֱʰ˴֮Ҳ̲סطԷθ̾һ䡣
Ǵ֮ϹһŲ֪˶ٷȻõĹӴ⣬ϱߵļָ͸¶һ˵ζ
֮ڣ̨ͤ¥󣬻԰񳲣ϪˮɽȵȣֻҪܹسĶǮҴԺ֮бܹҵô޴󣬵ԵǾޱȣ
ǮǺֶΰȻܹͼеõ޴أҪǮǮҪȨȨһֱԼѾԣˣָߴĶһҵĲƸ
Ҳǿһǽжļֵ֮ڿǮҴԺȹģĴڣŷԼ۽վҪСһЩġ
һֱǾԼǴֱʣǳ֣϶ûС顣
˱˰Ϊ˴˵ĵ·ͬɡһüë̬תһ£Ӿȱ͡
٣һҴȥҵĸװɣѾ֪ĴˣǳȤġǮѯʵҪ
ڵݾһˣ֮ȥݼһˣȻ˵ȥġ
һЦͷ˵Ǯٰžͺãǿ㰡
ǮĴ£ֱȡȥǮҼڡ
ǮһΪӼ򵥵Ժ䣬ڿһ۵ʱͷһɼΪŨĹϢ·ǧǰϢ˿ռʱˡ
ףˡǮʮֹ˵ȻſڵʱͿʼ·һ㣬ûֱӽС
ǮĸԽԽȤˣ֪ʹǮͷҵǮҼǸʲô
ɣһ΢Եòϵһĺ˵һֻе˵ȴʮ㣬Ǹ׳
Ǯ˸ƣ㵱Ƚʩһ񣬵ףλҸ˵١
˵꣬Ǯվһԣʵʵط·èһ㡣
лῴǮĽüĿѾ޲ۣͦεıƺҲΪµϴһЩΪͻģ¾üë˰ɡ
ǮֿǮ룬Ǯ˼ӣҪȻҲ˽
ǮĴֻһֱûлݷãʵСֶĲ԰ò˵ô䣬Ҳûʲô⡣
û뵽ǮƢȻرһӶֱӾͺ˳ߣʲôȻһͼǣѵĲ𣿡


329 
һͻΪǮҼѾʲôתһǲܵ飡
ɫһ䣬˫һĨ䣬˵Ǯ٣ȻǮҲӭӣҾͲˡ
ǮɫЩѿʵǸ㲻Լĸ׵Ҫʲôѵ֪ݣ˵ֽţ
٣԰ꡣǮ˹˵תͷǮףʲô˼
ʲô˼ߣѵ֪ǮؼһֱǵжԹϵǸڰɽ˲ҶǮ䲻ȵ˵ƺݷǳġ
ˣط⡣
һڳһ൱мı飬˵ǮϢҲôͨҶǸνؼҿûʲôȤңҲؼ֮ˣеϵˡ
ǮȻܹ֪ǰɽǵǸҶĹϵ϶ǳӴЩ黹޷ġ
˵ǸؼûйϵߺߣѹܵǮҵĵǮм˵֮ԲˬΪؼҸǮҶԨ۹֮ҵļ壬໥֮һֱĦϡ
ؼҵӾȻǮҵĵҰǮҵļܸɫǿǹˡ
֪ôණɴǮĻܹ֮ƲһЩ
ǺǣģӲˡ۽һ˵һ㶼Ǯͷӡ
ȥǮȻЦֱӰ˵ˣСֶĪߣղŵֻǸᣬ
ǻһ˿⣬תӣһ仰Ҳ˵ģֱѰߵλϵĲˮԹԵغ
Ǯ˫һ̬ٴη˸ı䣬ȷǲ򵥣Сֶ֪ܲǮؼ֮ĳжôأԸղŵ飬㲻Ҫ⡣ѣȻҲǮҵˡ
ǮˣҶֻһֻ»ι˵㻯ϲһЩ°ˡ˵Ͷ֮ȻȻɢ
ǮǺһЦСֶİɣǮƢһֱˣֻҪȷһЩǵĹϵûˡ
Ǯ˵ʵҶһȷҪǮġЦ˵·Ѿղŵȴһ㡣
ǮǮüͷһˮ̵غһ֮󣬲˼ƣʵ֪Сֶʲô飬˵
ͷ˵ĶԲ˵˳ҶҪǮҺһǮӴĹϵһ
Ǻǣ˵ϸһǮʱȤȻԼʲôĺôΪһˣڹ߻Ƕ޷ܵ
һǮһϺ꣬ǮʵСֶϢǮұ鲼Ԩ۹ص򵥵˵ǮṩϢң۵ߣȻȥϾǮûеͷʽ
ϢǮüͷšϢⶫǺٻģҲռһЩҪĸˡ
ϢȷֵֻܹԹ
ǮԺٵ˼ţζ֮ſ˵ǮܹõʲôôϾǮƶǮ˵̫ҪĶˡ
ϺϺ꣬һת۾ͿĹؼ
һЦǮСֶȻǲǮҳԿģǮṩϢڷȥ֮õһֵķͬʱһṩһЩϢǮңǮҽԽԽ󡣵ȻǮҪʲôҪģҼϢһǮһЩۿŻݵġ
ʼĻǮûзǷϢܹҲǸḶ́Ҳжôߣ˹֮䣬Ǵ֮䣬Ϣļֵˡ
ҼϢҲܹŪǮȻЩôţϾʵ̫ˣһʲôֱϵӵܣôԻô͹ϵأ
һЦ϶˵Ȼ֮˱鲼磬ʲôطܹŵӰֻû˷ְˡ
ţǵʲô֯ؼİɣǮɫЩѿˣȻ˵ŵ飬֪Щ鶼һֲٿġ
ԣǮžԨ۹ؼģĻǮ˵϶ĪΣմڡ
ؼûôŵԴҲ˵ֻŵĺĿǺƽ뷢չڳưʲôûʲô뷨ƽ˵·Щҵϵʿһ㡣
Ǯ˵ͷˮһСһСڵغţüͷʱʱضһ¡
֪Է˼ҲżţƷŲˮǮҴԺķ顣
֮Ǯ˲ˮһ˵Ǯ壬ıľ棬Сֶûʲô⡣ֻҪǣ̫ҪϾͿˡ
⣿˵˲
Ȼһ˼ǺһЦȻ˵ǮˣҲ˵Ǯ壬ֻҪ㹻棬Ͽûʲôǲİɣ
Сֶϻ۹ˣϷĺܰһǻۣǮҾͿ϶ܹ˰ǮЦͶӵĺҲ
ܹԨ۹˵ռһֵǶǮҵķչ˵мİһӵˣǮҿ϶ڵһʱѡΪǮҵķչΪǮҵ棬Ȼԥ
Ǹ˳˵磬ûԶֻ꣬Զ棡
ǡףǺɹˡǮ̫æЩ鵹ǿǮˣԺ˰Ҳ١Це˵ϹһĨ˷ܡ
ǮĨ˷ȴǲм֪̫ˣ߹Ŷ߹·࣡
ã͸ȥɣһ±߷ԸȥġʱȥҪ£ҪģһǮΪĺܡ𣿡ǮصͷİҪģ˵ǮܹƾλĻǶǮ˵һ顣
мӣÿ֮ĲܶǲͬһǿĶӣھʱܹĸ
λ̫ҪˣֻиȷˣܹǮҸһ
ǣףʧģǮϲõر֤һֱǮˣûʲôȥһǰ;ܺõеȻǸ˲ˡ
ǰһԸӣû˿飬νҲ֮°ˡ
˵Ǯ޷ΪĻĵλ᲻ϵ½䵽û˴ĵزˡ
ãǮ˰ɣСֶڳڻЩҪȥͲ߶ˡˣվˡ


330 Ĺ
ǮңǸһǮһҾ¥̸һ²á
ǮͼϤˣֱӴȥһõľ¥ҪһЩϡʳģ߳Ա˵
̸ݴ඼ͼǵʵǮƽûʲô̫ĳɾͣɶͼǵϤȴʮ־˵ġ
ͼǵĲãСͼÿȻһ
ƣүô֪ôأһ֮²ˣԭǶҪŮһ˫ͼǵÿһﶼһ飬ΪıѰЩ©Ů
˲䲻֪˵ʲôˣһֱһǮͶӵĳ嶯ʲô˲ܹôǿҵ뷨ͱ̬
ģ뵽һֿܣǾľ͵ĹĻ
֮ǰԼڵħԳüͷ΢΢壬ʵʲôǲǶŮ֮ر󣿡
⻰һڣǮɫʱͱˣҵΧһ󷨣˵٣²ûдֻ֪˲࣬һص⹦ӵġ֮ʵõ˿ٵҪȻҲܻ޶ȡ
ˣ˫޵Ĺֹʱ죬ҪҲ࣬޷Щ캦ˡ
ǸνȤΪŨǱ㿪ʵǸνˣ֪Щʲô
Ǯͷ˰˵Ǹ˷ǳأ˶ںɫߣһֻģ֪ʲôʱͻ󡣡
˵꣬Ǯ뻹ʮֵĵ߿˿ƺǵ˻ͻȻ
İɣͲ󷨣ߴ޴ֶ֪ڰ֣ʾҪģ߶νԽȤˡ
ǸҲһκɺϵĻ¼ģҾͼôһΡƺǸʲôӹϵ˭֪ûͨͽˣû뵽ײֻһ˲䣬˾͵ҵ󣬽ҵĲҪɱңҪǶӼʱֹĻǿ϶ҪˡǮ˵ʱЩ£ʶԼĲӡ
;̫Сˣ˲ӦûǱħˡ
˻ʲôص㣿Ĺ࣬డʲôġòЩ˵̫ףǮɱ֮
Ǯ˵ر䣬һκ
ӣɵҲܹȷǸа̱ħڵˣִ͹ֻǲŻС
У֪ˣ㡭ͷ˵û˵꣬ͱ⴫ˡ
˼ٵĽŲһĺǮүǮү㰡
߰һӹ˱ڵİߡ
ֳȥ󷨣üͷܲԸʱ򱻴š
ȻǸйϵ飬ǵǿԶ࿴
һűˣһЩͷԵ׳䲻󣬸Ǯࡣ
׳ô£Ǹ㲻Ҫô𣿡ǮɫЩѿγǿе㲻ˡ˰Īİûʲôùӳԡ
׳ǮСˣ飬еɵ֮⣬ûʲô⣬Ǯ뻹ġ
١үأͨɫôÿҺд鰡ԣҾץʱܹˡ׳˵Ƶȷǻ𼱻ǵġ
飿ⲻӦðѵǡǮüͷţϵıʮַḻ
һ˵ǮټȻ飬ȥŰɣͺãҲû顣
ǮΣӵٻȥһȥȥ˶鷳
٣ԵȣҹʲôҪӦúܹܿҲһġǮ빧˵Ű׳ææ뿪ˡ
ʣһˣʵģûԹԵ
ʱһһţһʱȥˣʱ뿪ˣֱʱ֮ŵȵٵǮ롣
Ǯ֧˰׳Լһ֮󣬱һƨˡ
˵˵ɡ۾״̬г
ǰո˵ĲˮǮغһڣһѲߵˮӣ˵٣鷳ˡ
ôˣΪŮ˵鷳𣿡üͷһƾǮӵĹϵ⵹ǲܷġ
ǮҡҡͷСʵ٣úҪ˵⻰ǡ
ͷȻõûкڵʵǱ̽ˡ
٣ҪĹŴɽȷ˰ȫ֮ǮüصȴǷǳ˵
ҪȥǻĹŴɽⲻǿЦİɣȥĹŴɽʲô
ǲ⣬˵ǮҪȥʲô˵ĻǻпܣҪ˵ȥĹŴɽⴿġ
ƾǿʶѾĹŴɽ̽˸飬ߵҰʵǿĺܣַǳֲҪǽп϶ǻֲܵĹڴؾȥõĵؾ͵һߡ
Լȥǰȥȥɣܿ죬ͨߵĵЦǺǵؿʵ
ǮЦһһĴָޱȵ˵٣˵һ㶼ûдӵȷҪҸȥģֻһ廢ǸҲҪȥ
ȥʲô˭ȥûжȤֻ֪Ϊʲôȥ
ΪʲôӾԨ۹ΣأǸ˵Ȱ˵֮£Ӧ˽ĹŴɽȥѰǮƲѣΪͲôߣҪԺǻû⣬ҪȥĹŴɽ֮гԿͣǻɱꡣ
ܺ棬ĹŴɽΣأ˵ĽѰҰ֣ʲôˡ
ѯʣǺһڲˮǮ侲ҡҡͷ˵٣ĹŴɽĵ̣嶼ɱԵĴڣҷǳŽᣬǳ⣬θŽȥĻ㲻ľͻزˡ
𣿡۾̽ĹŴɽʱҲǿϢڣЩ֪˶ĿޣҪͲԨ۹ĵ۹ֵܹġ
ָôţԼ֪ʲôʱһϰߡ
һ˵ȻҪȥ޷Ҫ̽ҳ϶ȣоҪһ㣬ԺǷԳеҪְţȥˣҲȥһᰵбġ
һᱣǮʮָˣЦ˵ããٱҵĻҾûʲôǵˡˣѾ˵һûʱ˵ǵҴӻĹŴɽ֮л֮˵
ˣӵǸʲôӵأԽҪԽûа취


331 ̽ն
Ǯ٣Ҹȥʱ㿴ŰŰɣҾͲˡܸ˵˵Ǹ廢𣿡
ȻҪȥһ˵ģȲ˵ܲ뵽İȥʶһ㹻ˡ
Ǯظӱ֤˵û⣬ȥģȥȥ޻
廢ȤǮԼ֪й廢˵˸һ
廢ǵŶһ𳤴ˣǸļѡ֮ӵģҲһԵͶʡ˵ĳɳǮ࣬Ƕһ໥֮ĹϵȻǺܺõġ
ʱƣ˱ʷǳõĴڣֱӴķ֣ʵϵȻû⡣ټĶԶĹӾûκεη塣
һΣӵõһֻʵǿޱȣȽ۷ĸ֡ڶӵֻʱȻŶӾͳ˹ȥ
ʧ֮£ӾԼҪˣԵȴ޷˵ĳȥԼ嵲צӺͣƾ˺շˡ
֮󣬶Ӷ˸ǿãֱӷ˸廢һεı͡
Ǹʱ廢ֻһƺţûκεȨʿڲͬˣӰռһض廢ĳΪձȨĽˡ
˵ʵѾ˽۷壬ȻоԪӤڵżһϵ󷨣ʹԪӤڵĸ֡Ǯüͷ룬Ǽôһ仰
ͷʾԼ֪ˣֻܹսԪӤڶѣǴﵽԪӤҲûкµĿܡ
ʲôʱʵ
ǮЦЦٴΰ̾˵ˣʱǳȣ͵óѾʼѡѡˣһȥֻаˡԼԴȥ
ãһȥɣҸؼңҸķҡͷ˵ǿ϶ҪȥĹŴɽġ
漴˱ǻȥǮҴԺȴŵڶĵ
һҹ޻ڶϣǮһӵйȥ
ȶ˵˵طѾһȫװʿжӵȴˡ
ݼӣǮǰذ˰ݣûа취ֻܸѧˡ
ڣڲżĶӡ
ǱãüĿǷֻһ˫۾˸ż˿ĹâͶ֮䣬ֳܹƣټһ۵Ļǻѵıһֳɵĵ
룬ˣ˵ҶɣΪУֻ֮кһɲŭϡ
Ǯ˵ǣǰݻᡣ
ЦǺǵسŶӹ˹֣Ҷݼӣף쿪ʤ
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ֻûҵǸνɨһܣڶ֮ڣһģӰسˡ
֣ɢűϢǱħ֮ˣܹ˭
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·˱һ˶ķУűϷȥǻĹŴɽڡ
֮˶û뿪ֻǴ֮¶ӣ˵ǸҶ򵥣һܸɽǾݵ㸲Щϵ
ʦ˵ĿģĻҾ˽ɱĹŴɽ֮УΣӵɫһ䣬жǮ붼ɱ⡣
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ããðʦˣҪĶһ׼õġӹЦ˵ֻȴһ䡣
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ڱ֮ϣϵЦݽѾʧӰٵˣһߣҪвңϣһܹŻɣ
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̫ҳ˳ѹӷڶӵĶߣ˵ӣҲ鵽ǵϰѾһٶʮ˶Ǯ룬ǮҲ˸߲ҵ뿪ˣֻмһʱǮʻƫƣȥǻĹŴɽΧ֮Ҷˡ
Ҷ˼һжǸҶйϵӴϻ۹ˣͷߵĲ֮ǮϤȻҲǷǮı仯
̫һ£ջǵ˵ͷ£ūŲ֪֤ݿɶָǸҶˡ
ˣˣ˼ɣȥǸɽǵһ£ҪȫϡҶˣܹһѡ˫֮лȼգƺѰʲôһ㡣
̫Ӧű첽뿪ʣһĶӶڱ֮ϣ˼֮С
У̽նӰشţƺԽҪ˽Ĳࡣ
Ŀʶϵ̽ΧѾ׷ֻһľںߡ
ҪӽĹŴɽʱ˺Ȼ׷ֱ뵽˷С
ţ廢˱УŵıǸˡ
廢еŴϻ׳˳ȵǶǶӵľʿҪĿĵʲôط
һеʿվǰǮҲվֻ˲ʿԱվһͬš
ǵĿǻĹŴɽȥѰصع¯Ҷеرһ·ΣأΪԨ˵δǱҪʱڳÿһ˶ǹҵĶˣԨ˶סǣӸǻٻᱣ֤ܹ뵽ԪӤڣ
ٻʲôĵûжЩʿһֱǵѪһܹ뵽ԪӤڣһ۾
ʱȴЦһֱӿʵԪӤڣ㲻ڿЦɣ


332 Ĺ
˶ķͻأðôһ仰˶ǳԾؿ˹ȥ
˵˾ȻǮһ֮廢ɫͲÿˡ
ʲôѵʱܹģԱһվ˳־Ҫӡ
˫һɣ˲ɵþ֣ӸǲܿƵһԼ˵ʱ򣬵ͺһȻҪˡ
㲻Ȱҹȥ˵ֻǺܺǶӵʲô취ܹ֤ﵽԪӤڡ
Ҫ֪ԪӤڳһЩĵҩ֮⣬ûķܹ֤ʵǿʹ˵ţҲûоܹ뵽ԪӤڵ˵
ڴϻȻô˵ǿ϶̵ˡ
Ǯ룬𣿹ܺˣͲҪҲˡϻһǮǶǰĺˣǵĹϵһֱҲֻ˵˵ǸǮһˡ
ǮЦһŤͷһۣƺѯʡ
һЦڰ֣˵ûб˼ֻеʲôܹ֤ԪӤڣзӵĻȻҪһġϾǱǮٵģЩҾûбҪˡ
⻰˵꣬廢üͷǶԴ˷ǳˬҲܵϴǿϢȻԸǡ
ϻ֪˼ͷǰһ˫Ŀضһ־Ӹµ̬˵֪𣿿ϧҲ㣬Ǿ»ܡ㲻ǾˣܹʶʶѾһ棬Ȱ㻹ǹԹĺãò֪ʲôʱͶ
ʼһֻǺ棬Ը˵ˡ
ˣϻһֿʼѵˡ
һûв죬ֻЩǡЩԻУӿ϶ʲôӣȷе˵ӦһЩ취ְ취Բ·ӣҪȻ͵õƹˡ
Ҫˣϻ˵ڳˣǸˣ˵ˡ
һ˵껰׼뿪廢ԼŵˣЩء
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٣˼ǶҪңǮɫ˱䣬漴ָҿһ·û˿Լżʵ
ҡҡͷǮĺūŶӿ϶ǲǻøģ
ûв´Ļǹ¯ӦʲôرáӶ㻹Щĵģܹȫһˣӿģ𣿡üͷʵ˵˳
ǮǳԾŴҪ˵ȴֲȥ˵΢΢ţ͸¶һɾ
һֱǶӾľû뵽ӻôһ֡
ݸһĵʾֻҪڣͲʲôΣյġ
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ʱ֮󣬷ؽڵϡǰеĻǳΣգΪ֪ðһͷص޽й
жӣһߣǮ룬Ҷɣ߰ȫһЩϻվ˳
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ʱǻڻĹŴɽ㣬ﲢûʲôΣգоٶȺܿ졣
Ǯںߣع۲ţȴΣյĵ
٣ܾе㲻ͷǲھҪʰǣǮʵǵĻˣԥ˺ü֮ջǸ˵ĵġ
ҡҡͷЩѾ뵽˻ĹŴɽ֮Уھ˵Ļ飬Ͼ൱ʵǲˣ˵ˣҲûоԵİܹ㶨Ǯ롣
İɣǻĹŴɽǵĵ̡Ǯһ裬һΪ̫ʲô飬ʱ¾޷ճˡ
Ǯ룬㽫ص㶼Ǹ˵ϣҪ֪һﵽ״ʲô⣬ȻôֽĹŴɽ֮С
Ҫ֪ĹŴɽĿֲ˵ģЩֲ޾㹻Щ˺һˣҪôõĻ޳ǵȴǵľֻʣˡ
ĹŴɽ֮У޳ɥӣһɥˣûκεѰ취žǿʵΪϡ
ǰһٶ˵Ķ飬Ͳ
һ·ǰУԾƺĹŴɽǳϤȻͼʲôĶÿôǰ·
ʼʱ򻹻һǲǺҵĴܣɽ˲֪˱ܿ˺üǿ޵ʱȷ˵ȷǾˡ
ĹŴɽǧΣĻĹŴɽħ˶ôϤѵ˵а̱ħЩйϵˣҪ鷳ˡе㵣ˣǲԼİΣǾÿһõĻе˶С
˼ʱһֱ˶ĶȻͣűǴǴϻǰ߾ҪһȺˣ˶עˣҪκεһǾֻ·һˡҪǣΣգܹޡ𣿡
ףͳȷ˶廢ķӶȻǷǳߵġ
˵꣬ϻǮǰһּΪӵˣм֮󣬲һ˵øʵһ㣬ԹԵذһԱסǵĻߺߣ˿ǧҪҲǣ
İɣӿˣǮͲˬ˵Ȼߺûе˵еվĬǮȻѡ˷
һЩ߿Ǯһˣֻиڷˣܹĵ·߳Զľ롣
ߣסˣҪⲻ֪ΪҪҴķϻǲˬת뿪ˣ߻Ƿǳˬ
Ǯһۣϻÿһ˶ͽ٣ǵǻȴߣǸڴ̵˲šϻ߶˳˵ˡ
סˣܷʲô鶼ҪҵĽŲǮ΢΢һЦһƽϾȻû˿ĵǺͽš
Ǯʶصͷ֪ΪǾվߵʱ鶼ܷɣаȫС
ٴλָ˳Ĭͬһֻ֮棬ǰš
˴ԼаʱΪ׵˺Ȼվסӣȫ¶һ˫۾˸һĹâ
ţһŭ
𡭡


333 һս
һڶը죬ͻȻҰŭ˵顣
Щߣƺ˵ķӦ΢һ㣬׼Ҳû뵽Ұһ֮¾ȻܹӵƵЧ
ʶ˳ķȥǰ龰֮ЦһȻߵһ·һı
һı
СģǰиһסԼĵظǮ˵űȫעضǰǸڿٵسȻ
䣡
ؿʼ·һɽӼԶٵıܹײ治ϵزš
ˡ
ֻԼĤҪһæתס壬֮ܵ֡
鷳ˡģ˿ˡ
˵֮˱һҽҪľǿϷ˵ļơ
գգ۾ʶֳһһֱˣֻҪʲôڵһʱ֪
廢վ˳ÿ˵ϾȻ¶һĨ˷ܣȻ֮ǰûнӴɶսĿѾȴ˿־壬ֻ֪ϵǰϵس棬ֱԼʬ屻˲ȳࡣ
˰ڿ˼ƣסеŴȴŲļӾ硣
ɣɣѾܾûʹʹشһ˰ϻЦź˵һͷŭϻʾԼȨ
ܱܲͣȥģ㵽۲۰ϻƺǷŭֱӳɤӾ
ٺ٣զض磬һֱ˵𣿡ϻȴǺٺһЦȻ⻰ϱߡ
˻Ҫڷϻʱ򣬴ϻһˣϻˣ
˸æͣͬܵˣǰһɲǸǵġ
ٲôǿɲ£һȺΨֶԷʵĴڡ
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زվӶ
ȺʿʷǳãһɽѹҲû˿ҵķӦΪǶףΣǰֻŽΪһлĻᣬΣķĻĹŴɽ
꣡꣡
ǰľһһѵĵڼҰ޵®ɽĿˡ
ƤҰ
ðȻܹһͷͷĺƤҰٺ٣ܹƤҰζˣϻΨ²ң۽ƺѾβסˡ
ڶ󷽣˫һȴ΢΢вм뵽׳գɶȷǺƤҰ٣ȴǸߣƤҰ
ɫıƤɢʯĹ̫ȥ۵ĹâԼԼĻܹһ˿˿ɫĹ⻪תǺƤҰ֮ڡ
Դװ̫Ķˣ˿ĶԴ߻Լĳ
ȥθڰɣϻһǸƤҰǲôˣֱӽ˫վǰ
ϻʱˣҽűһ󴸣һ߳ȥһߺе磬ллǴ֪Ƣ
䣬ϻѾӭǺƤҰԿ
ƤҰݣںƤҰȺи˵һĴڣû˸ҴüͷڼһƬƤҰǾԵĴڣӼĲ
ϻ˫־˶ĴӣȻʹ󣬱ͬƤҰһС
ܵ˶ԷϢƤҰҲ⣬ŭһ㽫Դ߸ߵ̧һԳļϻ
ϻʱһúãű޷˵ر¡
һӱ㽫ƤҰ⽴ʵûг֣ǱĴӱ޴뿪˫֡
صһϻݺݵض˳ȥҪΪǴӰѾ͸ˡ
ͬߵһźȥϻ벻ˡΪǺƤҰͬǽ۷ΪôԼ䵽ҵ³
ϻȻأ΢΢ҡͷſڵһ׳գ
ԱߵǮŵҪӸֱӶ㵽ĻԴСţ¶࿴ǺƤҰˡ
磬ƤҰôôǿϻʹʵ˫۵ɵԲĲʡ
ϻ΢΢ҡͷҲ֪ΪκƤҰôǿƤҰƤ޲ôǿҲܻʵѵΪԷسѰޣ
Դԭ򣬴ϻѾʼˣ廢󷨣ϣ
ԸʵޣЩʿȥΪǲ˺úõƴһѣʤĻᡣ
ǺǣˣƤҰͺƤҰ𶼲֪ҪӮⳡսǲڿЦİɣʵǿȥˣԤıģЩ˰װ׵
һֱ˶ܿһһǿ޴ڵĵطƤҰ֧̽̽նӵսҪúƤҰһЩˡ
ϻĻüͷһ壬ȥϸʱɫѾ˱仯
һԣǱ˻ϻ̣ҪŭȴǱϻ
ϻ΢΢ҡͷϻһ㣬űһ䣺лٰ
󷨣ϻ˵꣬Ƶ˷ֱվһֽв㶨
ɺ󷽣ȻҡͷЦһǿˣЩ廢ʵôҲŵ֮£Ǹ޷ƤĺƤҰġ
䣡
໣
һĹ廢ȫ֣ͣؿűǿдſµ˵ϵĺƤҰ
ۣȻôƤҰɵˡվԵǮЩԾ˵һֱͼţʲôʱʶһĻ
ͷҲأЦǺǵ˵㻹ǶõıȽϺãǸƤҰû˵ĴҪȻ䲻һߵʵ
䣬ǺƤҰڵĵطһŭ𣬾ȻǱſ˵ĺƤҰٴλλƵվ
ƤҰվӣ˻˶ķʷʶ䣬ߺȻ˦ӱȺ˹
廢׷ǰֹɲŬվ޷ֵסѾŭĺƤҰ
γһǽŬضźƤҰϵسţɺƤҰʵǿᣬȻȥ
ʮĺۼ廢İӾȻ޴֮С
жӣսֿϻ֪Լסˣı֧̽նӣֻܹ֮ʩ̽նӵľһԿС
ΣյʱѡǻװţƵѡȥֿ
õʿǷ׷ƶеĹɵؽţǴúƤҰŭ
ϧҲǳʹŭˡ
Ǯһֱûвμս˫ֿǽһС
ŴȻȻ˵סˣǮ׼ܰɡʣµģͽˡ


334 
㣿٣ǧҪ̫˰ǸƤҰ̫ǿˣȥ𣿡
ǮһҪϣæסһͨȰ˵
һЦǮסһ֣ЦǺǵ˵İɣһң
˵⻰һо⻰˵ǲе̫ˣϾǴүǰ
Ǯע⵽ЩؿһֿһǷ񹥻ĺƤҰһʱ侹Ȼ֪Ǻˡ
˷ʱ䣬˦Ǯ룬һ䡰Լˡǰȥ
̽նƤҰˮȡ
ûżȥ˼ûԼæ˵Ҳֻ֪жôı¡
˫ۣվھ֮һ˫۾ĮؿǰһУڹһʱ֮мҡҡͷаôһˮƽҪڣǲ֪νǸħҲˣ¸Ǳһ뷨ɣ
ת֮䣬뵽˽İ취漴һЦ廢ƤҰôҲҰģҪôͱͣҪôȥͱƨȥҪ򵽺°
ϻһ⻰һȻûнĻȴžǷֳȥһȥ͵ϮƤҰƨɣǰߵһע
꣡
ķӹȻõģȺһ˰ţιǴ뵽˺ƤҰĺͥУʱǺƤҰʹ֣ŭֱԭرQ赸
Ҿ˵ҵİ취ǻллңһյĮȻؿʼˣڱ˿ȻЩɣҲֻֻװưˡ
¡һ;޴󵽿ֲĺƤҰȻأʹޱȵذ鴤š
˷׷һŵҲǵڵϵĺƤҰ
ףӦð⣡۾ȻһƤҰķӦδе̫˰ɣ
ֻǴӺͥ߹һ£ѵܹõЧֻǸвʿˣ׾ܹƤҰķҲѲɡ
ɵʱƤҰǻԲȻһȻԭֱӹһʿǸ
ЩʿȻЩԾȴΪǺƤҰʹµķӦûеһ¡
ɾʱǺƤҰһͬ±˼Ѫһ㣬׳Ҫ֫ӷĲ̤ŵţȻ˲ʹʿ
еʿݺݵײ˼ô˵ϣӴҲվˡ
໡
ƤҰҳײ˺ʿ֮ͣסӣһ־Ӹµļɨˡ
ɺ߷·һӲмӣһλڸ¡
ȻҵˣҪϻʱŭˣЩһϤģ׵ؾúƤҰʰˣƤʵǷŲȥˡ
䣬ŭĴϻһȵسȥֻϻͬϣͬؽߡ
һʱ䣬廢ǹõȻȻʹ˳ƾ󷨵ǺƤҰѽѷ֡
ʱȥ˿ǼƤҰȷ˵ʿε඼ѾĭӣѾ˲Ϣûۼ
ƤҰҲǸбޣˡ΢΢ҡͷŵ޹ʬ壬ְ˱Ϊֺ;ɴ˵۾
ȻеˣΪΣվǻġеĺƽͣеĺǲģڸָ̬뿪ɲôվҪ뿪ġ
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üͷţ֪ڲʱ򣬿ɸо޷ֹͣƺڲȥԺͲˡ
ΪҲΪһεȻ࣬һֲƼµĿС
ˣһеֵãеȴǲֵáֵ벻ֵãȴһ׸ӵı֤ۣûȤȥˡĵǼ򵥣ֻҪֵõģֻҪ£Ǳֵõģ
ĶǲֵǵѡôҵѡǸɵƤҰҲһ¡Ǻǣ򵥵߼ӵ顣ЦǺǵ˵ţƲͷĻȴŲͬѰ
žž
ƣȻսеע˹
ˣǲĶ֣ɡһЦѾûдˣһȻȻǸѡ
ƺǸܵεƣǺƤҰʱŭһ˫ǰȻ̧𣬽ص̤ڵϣĳɰʯ廢׷׺󳷣գƤҰѾͬһɽٵѹ˹
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ˣ
ؾҵĲţͬǵһ㡣
ҲֿȭǶǺƤҰȥ˫ȭһž졣
ŭУƤҰǰһϸоһΣյϢ֪ǺǵҲ̧ȥߴԴһͣüӲݺݵش
źƤҰʱˣŵ˫־ȻɿǹһĨааЦݣȻҾͷ㵽ף
䣡
䣬˫Ǻݺݵײһ𣬾޴ĳء
ǿֱƿȥˣ΢һµŷʮֹһĻ
Ȼ˫εס˺ƤҰһ̧ͷһɺӺٺЦš
ҵ찡𣿾ȻҸƤҰԿ
Ȼ޵Ľʵ̫ˣ
СӲɽ©ˮģû뵽ôǿ󡣡
쿴ǺƤҰҪˣǻԶɡ

۷׷ף廢ҲؿǰһĻǵ֪֮Уʵʹﲻȵز
һͷƤҰȽϴֻɵӺͳǿ߲Żôܴ￴ǰ
ʵʤ۱磬ǰһĻ廢ЩʿҲСˣǮ۹ⶼ˱仯
ٺ٣㻹аȻ۾һ˫˸ŹĹâ
˫ֽǿźƤҰ˶ͬСɽӿʼ
ףȻܹ֣ǾһɣЩԾؿһۺƤҰһ϶ͷҪȻƾڵѾ԰üɹˡ
ٴ࣬ƤҰ﷢ص죬֪ڷŭġ
͡
ϿʼĵۣƤҰ˶ȻıƵú˶ȥ

˶סԼͣǰһĻ
޵Ľ˾ȻռƵһ


335 Σķ
ͣͣ
ƤҰŲϵغˣ﷢ľǲĵŭ𣬿ȥû˿İ취ǰʵ̫ǿˣκ඼Ҫǿ
ضһˣȴǿʼֹҪǵͷƤҰδ
ˣɡ뵽ץһʶȻ뵽ƤҰʶ֮С
˼򵥵ĸĶֻ֮ƤҰͱһֻ
ҹۼ֮Ȼһ򵥵ĹˤͽƤҰ˳ȥ
¡һҵ֮󣬺ƤҰʹɺѾһ˿־塣
ޱȵؿǰһĻûǷӦȥʱ򣬺ƤҰѾͬһ㣬һӵľˡ
ƤҰܵľʧ룬˴ִľ赲ȥ·Ҳٶֱӵͷײ˵Ĳֻʡ
ԶȥĺƤҰһЦƣһ򵥵ѡ
صǮߣǮļһŸոշӦ˹
ء١㾹ȻôǮ뼤˵ˣǺ˵д˳֮ɫ
ʼûд𻰣ǽĿ⿴һԲŻعζһɬ廢
廢ս֮ˣ˵ʵǿ˵ͳӵϸǸһ˵ȡԴ֮ǾͽൽǮĲϣûƹ
أһ֮ɵƤҰŵúƤҰƨ·ˣ
⡭𣿴磿ϻѾɵˣʵ󲻵һôܹﵽôֲĵزҪ֪廢֮ó˶һ
ϻһñһۣԼǮԼһñڰ˵²ôˡ
磬Ǹô죿ϻü͵ʵ
ϻҡҡͷ̾Ϣһһһɶӽ˵ɡ
ֻϻ׷׵ͷǵУϻ˵ĻʥֻּϻĻǶˣûдϻĵͷҲȥġ
Ŀɨˣһڣ˵վһ֮ϣǰһС
оĿ⣬΢΢Ťͷڰ۾һ֮󣬱תߣƺʵֻеԾûˡ
٣̫ˣҵż񰡣ǿǺƤҰܸ㶨ǮǷ´½һߣһ˫Ǻܴ۾ݵ˵
һе㷳ˣڰ˵ǻǿ߰ɣսոս֪᲻Σո뿪˵
廢Ȼûս֮ʱս֮µĺۼʬ嶼ҰޣһҪȺǿɾ鷳ˡ
˼򵥵ʰһ֮󣬾Ϳ첽뿪
ǮȻڶĺߣֻһ˿ﶼĹâ˸
Ǯ٣㿴˰ɣʵĴڰ˷ȥľʱֲˡǮһֿۣ˿壬΢΢ҡͷ
鿴һ飬Ǯ츳ʵǲģֻڵΪĺܵͣŸոչ˽ڶѡҪƾǷʣֻҪŬĻӦǽв㣬һСĲ˷ر仯
Ǯ뱻˵һ죬εؿЦٺٵ˵ǣ٣ԺѶúŬģҪΪǿĴڣ
Ӧһ˴󲿶ӣǰ
ʶһֱͷߵĺƤҰб뷨ġ뿪ս֮ǺƤҰȥţһʲô˾϶ڵһʱ֪ġ
һʱѾһϪˮԱߣﻷȽϺʣ˱һ
ʱǰƤҰսĵطȴǳһӸں֮µˡ
Ⱥ˵ֻ࣬ʮÿһʵǿҲǽڸ߲㣬߰˸ǽ۷塣
̽һ·ϵĺۼ֮󣬱϶˷˳뿪ķȥ
һȻУִݸ
һ֪һζҪԲô򵥣߾Ȼ˱ħ֯׷ӸͲ֪ħҲˡ
һıһıҿ˭ܹЦߵɡһЦǰȻдеĴ֣ʶϵɨΧĻ
ܵǺƤҰԺﴫҪֵϢֹʵʵſţҪ鷳
Ҫа̱ħһҪĵ˭ʲôĹŴɽﵽʲôܣܹñħԡ
СϪԱţ˵һʱƽɲʿϻǴһĨ֮ɫ΢е㶯ܹվսе
ȥаʵٺãѵٺãҲסĴΣֻ̽նӿ¾ҪɢˡüͷţϪˮߵһ޴ʯͷϣϪˮʱʱζŵ
ɨһЩϢʿǱɫϻʲôڲ۵׵Ķȴ޷ӵġ
廢ֱӽǷˣս֮бǻмңĹŴɽ֮УΣķ㲻֪ʲôʱͻΣշǵһ׾ӲѾЩӦˡ
ˣҪ˵һ֧̽նзִ;ˣ¾Ǹˣڶû˵ʲôȴһжС
Ҫ˾ȻúƤҰɱˣ⵽Ϊʲôأ
һԺвϵţôҲ벻еԵɡ
ϢʱмʿʵģϪˮ߳뵽Ϫˮ֮УϪˮָʱʱģ⼸ʿһЩ
ͨ
ȻһӰ뵽Ϫˮ֮УˮŵɢӴܣɽȴǿٵؾ£˹ȥ
Ϫˮеʿ˼º󣬱û˶泯ſ˲ϥϪˮС
Աߵʿڵ٩С涪˰վվˣڻſˮﲻǲǻ˲
ǰɣˣǶûп
٩ϣɹǵϪˮеʿûжǱȺȥϪˮȥ
ô£ʿʱżˣ֪㲻ǳ顣
˸æˮʿ˹
ɸոշȴͬʱʧֽʿȥɫޱȣſ־ȥ
ˡŵʿдɴ˵۾˼ؿŻˮƯŵͬ顣
ʵ벻ͨղŻһˣͻȻ뵽Ϫˮкôͱ⸱ģ


336 ɵ
žžžž
Ķ⴫Ǽվˮеʿͱþ޴ֱȷɵ˵֮ϡ
˭ǽȥģ֪ʲôطǻĹŴɽÿһأÿһˮԴܴΣգǾȻô󵨣Ǻ
˵ϻһ˪ıȥ˵ƣŭ졣
ϪˮǻƯţȴѾǸȥ˵ʬ壬ϻͲһ
䣡
عϪˮǾ߸ոûжõʬ壬ϻڷйһƴֱʬǶˣˣſưոݡ
شڴϻźȻЩɳ˵˵ϪˮжݣǶ𣿡
氲ĺܣֻϪˮڻš
Ǽ˵ʿ˻Դ·Ļʵʵվš
һֱڽ̵ǣʲôʱ򶼲ɴ⣬ǵʵǲǵĹŴɽ˵һСӣһͷ˻ĳӣϻŭſˮʵͿ⼸ʿˮڣûж˵ȴؾڵֻᡣ
廢ʱиص㣬ǻѪܵĽѵʿǼסʲôʲô鲻Ǿֱֻʱ˲ܹļס
ǣ֪ˣȵдʹͱˣȴǼᶨޱȡ
ϻɫںÿһЩͷ˵ס˾ͺãһľͻǣԸɱǣҲԸ⿴ǰװ͵Լ
䣬еһüͷһšſһ£ֽرպˣƺʲôҪ˵
ôˣлҪ˵ϻ˫Ȼһɣѵʱû˸ҷǰʿѵǵˣ

ģ쳤ʹ಻ѵԼСƺʲôĥ
һ˫۾͹϶࣬ʿɫŤΣߵĲҽȴڽСˣӰװվţ̧ͷŬҪ˵ʲôȴ޷
ϻʧɫһ絽ʿǰ־Ҫ̽ʿ壬˭ʿȻһƿϻ
ţϻ͵ˣӰ㿴㾹ȻҸӶ֣
ϻŭҪˣʿȻþһ㣬سϪˮ
ͨһʿһͷ뵽ϪˮУԴʯͷϣƤѪ
Ѫǣٵؾۼʿǰʼſֲ˺ҧ
ʶһɨǷѾˡ
ʲôȻôüͷšţ˫ͬһɨ˵ʬ壬Ȼûзʲô׵ĵط
⡭⵽ô£ϻ׵ɵˣȻϲѵʿЩʿ˵Լĺûʲô𰡡
ۿʿ׵ĲԼǰϻ˵ʲô޷侲ˡ
粽ǰţϻҪ뵽ˮУ鿴һʿôġ
ž
һĶϻ̧ͷ˫˷ŭ۾һƣȻԼĴϻ
Լ˵Ļ˰ɣߣϻ˪һ˫ǿ̵һݺݵϻͷһ
ϻǷϵ˦˦ԴĵرϻһߣɵؿϪˮڱǴõʬ塣
ϻĿɨϪˮֶɵ۵ʣʿһſʵ˵ʲôʲôʲô
ʻҵ飬֧֧˵˰죬޷ԼʲôûֻΪϪˮˬϪˮ
ϻץסһ˵ĸ첲ǿʶֱڣ˸һ
֮󣬴ϻɿ֣ɻ˵ûⰡ⵽
ûвҳϻʵǲˣʿΪϪˮⲻڿЦ
϶ԭģ
ҲţֹԲᷢ϶ʲôŪʿȥ
ʱеһͬһϱ¶ʹ飬üͷ촽
ңʿʹֱҪץŴϻȴԼûˡ
ҵزţʹǴڱһ㣬ʴʶ
Сʹʿֻһɳ嶯ǾñϪˮԼʹֻ࣬ҪˣһоͶ˵ˡ
ϻûǰæֻǰվھʿ岽ĵطһ¼һ㿴ǰʹ顣
ʿ˰죬ʧ;ԽŨˡ
ʿ̧ͷŭһڱǴһ΢ıǺұòܴһ
ʿıȻӲӱŶӵĶֱص˵֮ϡ
첽ʶϸ̽ţʿÿһλ̽˸һ
Ҫ˵ʿû⣬Բŵģʿôʹ϶ڡ
Ѿˣķǳ٣ھȻһ˲Ƭ֮С
飬ڻɢӦܵĳ־޴˺°˵̫ŹˣЩʿûˣһϪˮͻᵤ飬ʵǹŹֵҪ
飿˵ģϻһ첽ߵǰֱ㿪ʼ̽
һϻɫͺ˵һ㶼ûдʿĵﴦȻһˮﻹеӰӡ
˵ûд֪ʲôɵ𣿡ϻɫԽѿˣһԱɵ˵ʿʵ
ҡҡͷȴֵͷ̾Ϣһ󣬲ſ˵Ҳȷ
ȷֻҪǲ֪ͺã
ϻ˼ܣܷʲô鶼ܹ侲شģ֪Ѿ⡣
٣鷳ϵǣ߸ϵĴϻȻǫټ
ͷĿ⿴һʿʿɫ԰ֽͷϵĺˮǵδδţϵ·Ѿʪ͸ˡ
㲻Ҫ£һЦץס˵ĸ첲
ʶ˳Ž룬ÿһط鿴һصѰһĵ
ǵ֮Уҵڡ
Цһҡҡͷ֪˴𰸣ȴԼ粻֪
٣зˣϻɻʵķӦ̫Ѱˣֱд鷢
̾Ϣһʿ˵֪û˵ɵ棬һרɵԪӤĹŹֳӡ
ɵ棿
˶üͷǴû˵Ĵڣ֮ԲȷҲΪֳûмڣ
ɵ棬Ϊʲô֣
Ź֣ʵ̫Źˣ
ȷɵ棿
ȻһǴδ˵ˡ
ɳƵͳǺҹĶħ
ͷЦһ֪Ϊβ˵ǿԾȵģȴûа취ˣ
ˣʣµѾˣ


337 תȦ
ʲôҵ黹Ҫ֡˵ѹûнߡ
һЦ˵ԽˣѾһʬ壬ֻҪһЩʱˡ
ã⣬ֻǸͣԼ˶Լ˵¶һȻʶ˵Ϊ֮ЦǺǵ˵ȥһûйϵ˵ļơ
һûж˵ҲԼĴ㣬̽ıжˡ
˷ǳѶԸЩ·Ĵӵܣֻǲ֪һҵˡҪ΢ıһˡüͷ壬漴ɿ±һʬģһˡ
˶뵽˳Ĭ֮У廢еĴϻź˹ϸؼһ֮΢΢ҡͷʹ˵ǵֵ뿪ˣǺúɡҪǵʬǳҰ޵ʳ
һɱŭӿʿǶ鷢ȫȻǻˣ֪ĺ
Ǹһ֪Ƕ߷ǳܵҪȻ廢Ҳò㹧
ֻ֪ᷢʲôȴԮ֣ٻʿЩԽܵġ
˵ʬܿͱˣһʽ̣֮뿪˼ʻĵط
ǰ·Щ緢ûʲô޷սʤʿѾʼãǲ֪Լ·ôߣһ֮·ûлתصԹ
·УȻǴ·ˣƺǸоʿղãһѡ·԰ȫġ
Ǻ棬Щħ֯˽ĹŴɽ·ߵģ㲻ǵŻĹŴɽĵͼ
ħߺߣҶȤ˰Ժ棬һ뵽ج֮У³һŴ󲿶Ӽš
һԣǮһ˫С۾ƣиκ춼ܹٵضߡΨһܹ˾ˣЩʿͲ廢һֱͲأҪȻҲưȫʵΣշǳĻơ
٣˵ǻҪ߶ðһһҪʲôǿĴڣǸô죿Ǯ뵣ǵ˵ʵУ˵ĵûС
Цҡͷ˵ʲôΨΣǾϰɣôľʹ򣬴򲻹ľܣ
£ʼղԼ飬ԼûˡȰο漴תԴ˵ˡ
û˵˵֮鶼·ڴе飬ŲûС
һֱǲڶûиɵΪʲôôڻĹŴɽС
Ҫ֪ɵǳֻ̣ˮԴУ߻ڲܹһϸСϪˮͲɵĻˮ̫ˣɵߴʱ䲻ᳬʱ
һ·ϲį΢΢ҡͷѾ
Ϫˮɵ棬ٵɵ棡
һʼˣʶһֱˣҪʲôС϶ڵһʱ䷢֡ʲôûǵһ˫۾ؿһзš
ôֻˡ
ʲôܹʶɨ֮¶޷أܹʹóǺܶ࣬ʶȴûܵκεƣȻǿޱȣԸĻȫƾʶǿֱӸ㶨ˡ
ֻһ㲻ûΪ̫֣ܵĳͷǾĵòʧˡ
ʶһεչԽϸѰţȻûзκοɵĴڡ
ˣѵɺϣɺϵĳ̶Ҳ̫˰ɣʵǲԸɺϣе֤ݶָ
ػ˻ԴǴϻޱȵĴԶеˣ˳ȻɣֻҪûҵԼͷϣǾ
Ǯ٣Ժʲô飬ϢʱҪκζ·һˮ壬ҲҪҾ·Ͽ»в鷳ġҲ²ĲǵжѾ¶ˡǮĶ˵һҪ˵ģԺȥǶأ
Ǯôһ·ˣܱԼȥҶ˵˭˭˭Ҫǿ̫ˡ
Ǯһ⻰һĭһ˵Сĸζ޵ǵ˵ãõģһģٲҪ˶Ұ
Ȼ¶СľͺáͷȴǺȻüͷһ壬һ
˲䣬͸оʶɨ˹˺廢еĴϻ
ط߹ˡ΢΢ߣ֤˶ܹ
ֹͣǰϻɫһ䣬ֱֹͣǰУһֿһۣĬ
ͬڲ鿴ΧŴϻͷ
ϻüͷšһ𣬳˵٣ʲô
Ͼǵһ仯ˣϻҲ˵Ĺȥ
ֻûдǣ䲻ȵصһ䣺֪
ϻɤ۶ĻﱻӲظ˻ȥʱûһŨ̵ںߣô޷³ֻӲȥ
شϻһԭش⼸ͷĲŲ̽
ǲܻˣϻЩ˸ûаϣֻǱһµ뷨ˡûбҪ˵ӵЩ鶼޷ĻĲûȥˡ
廢ʼ̽ҲһαԾһϸز鿴
طʶͲʲôԣһжԭģһʶָôȷȻǻصطġ
Ŀǰλһʱ֮ǰڵĵط
ææµµСرôãȻ»ص˵ͷôˬ졣
ĻӦǽĳЩ˲õĻ֮СֻҳⲼ󷨵ۣǲ֮ˣǲŻ뿪ķϻЩ˵ո˵Ĳˬûɢȥôһܹ
ϻһģæ˵磬ǻĹŴɽ˵һˣĶΣղϣһ˻߼ǿмܹ޼ɵĻǴЩҲɡ
Ļʱôϻ˵ͷҲڿ⣬ʲôֶܹΣΪʲô֮أ
һεжǶӵһЩҪ󳼶֪οˣ
ڳЩУû˻ӣȻǮǿ׵ˡ
ʱȴǿˣ˵һ˶۾ػ
˲õġ


338 
˲õģ
ڿЦİɣ໹ʲôܹĴֶͣΰ
˵Ŀⶼ˵ϣȴĽ͡
һָָµĵ棬Щм˵࣬ԪӤڵĸҲܲǷ־Ͳ󷨣ǲ֪֮УⲼ󷨵Ŀ϶࣬벻ܹǿ𡣡

üͷһȻԼƺץסĳĵ㣬ֻԴһʱ벻ˡ
Ͼ֮ǰҲû󷨶ܹƽģѹûиоһ˿һ󷨵Ϣ뱻ĳֱִֶʩչġ
廢ȻûŪʲô˼ҪѯʵʱȴΧȻһЦ
Цʮֹ죬㱳Ȼðһ㣬ңԶĵط޸޾ݡ
ǺηʥʲôҪ󾡹˵ȻӦġϻһתƣƵҲ·

˭룬û˿Ļظ˼˹ϵЦţЦš
ߣٸһλᣬ㻹ǲԸĻǾͲҪǲˣϻڵǹһ㣬޲ھͽǲ󷨵ĶƤйŭ
ӦȻûκθıЦЦļ׼ޱȡ
ӣֵϻˣѵûĲˣǵ׻ʲô
˲ˣ㻹˷ȿʲôЩѵ˵ȴûˡ
ϻ⻰һʱŭˣɤӾͺϻ˵ʲôŪģ
һȻмڴϻؿһۡ
Īû¿ʲô
Ҳװʲô֪Ϸ
˵֮󣬱ʱʱңٶȿþȻͬһ㡣
һ϶ڲʵˡüͷһȻǿʵ
˼֮󣬲»صԭλãеģ·Ǵûƶ
üͷ˼˰Σ˲Żؿ˵Ǳ巢ˡ
壡
ĹŴɽͳߣھԵƵλ壬ڳˡ
壬ԹűǴڵ壬˵ڵʱ仹ҪԶд˵ǴЩ֮зֻ塣
壬еҰ޺޶ܹΪģҲǿЩǾܹƺԼΪġ
һЩӵ˽ӽ࣬ǳԽǻ֣ԴޣȴޣǶһĴڡ
壬ÿ˵ʵǿܹͬȼʵ֣һȺΪѲĴڣһǲԸǵġ
УûмҲ˲ٵȤ
ʦæɹѹءǴϻ˼һվûҳʲôֻܹˡ
廢״ʼǺһǶıĴϻ޷⣬ƾǵõȵˡ
˿˵̬Ȳ·˲һĵ˵ͷ̫ǿˣĹŴɽ֮СҲǰ׳գĻҲЩ˽ġ
һ⻰ߵʯͷѾʼɶˣֻҪзǾͿԽǾͲúˡ
ͷʦץЩʱ䣬ǲҪǵҪϻٴι˵¶ϣһ
˵ͷ΢΢һΣһ̾ȻѾʧԭء
ʶһֱ˻ζ˲䣬ȴ·ǶʧĿһ㣬ֱٴγֵʱҵڡ
ʱѾɴ˫ֺݺݵػһÿƷǳͨĴ֮ϡ
¡һ죬˺ϱĴʱ˷ɻңڿеʱͬǽһ㣬Ѹޱȵرɫžصڵϡ
֨֨
ģһ΢ĽǵĴȻһѨǴⶴѨߴݳġ
һ͵˵ͷ˵ֶεͲѡԼԼܹô̵ʱѰڡ
𣡡˵ͺһ˫ǺĶѨһ̽һץץסʲôһ
һ㶣½ʶٵطֲ˹ϸؿš
һë׵İɫˣ䵽֮󣬾Ȼ˼ĵļ
ߣСȻóۣһǰɫ޷˵ġ
ǰɫϸһƣǶһëĶ䣬СС۾Сһơ
ⶫӦǽһַǳóޣӦǱʲôȦġţⶫڵ伮ϼֻû뵽ôãԼҲˡ
һ̣һ֣һЦ˲ſ
ವһӣʧһͳһϣһͬĽһôˡ
˿Ķ֮󣬽һգˣһ
˵ֶ˶ɵˣ˵ʲôǸʲôĶʲôô
ԭ붼벻ĴھȻԼֿʼץˡ
廢㿴ңҿ㣬Ȼ֪Ǻ󵽵ʲôڣѾˡ
Ҳ붯ץסһֻооûбҪȥǶкá
ֻˣ֪ǳãǲ֪ôȥץ˭֪Ѱ֮صģ
֣Ȼڶ̶̵ʱڱָԵõֻ󣬲ͬʱһȥ
ƳһˣҲڿԼ漴һ¶һսζ
ȻǱ˪ƺǿϣ·Ͳһֱץһ˺ϱĴ
ֻֻƽһֻҵˣ˵źòΡ
˲мغһñ۾ٴһۣſ˵б£
ˣһӶȻ٣ȻһӰӣ˲ײǿô
ɫһ䣬ͺһͬǱŭ˵Ұһת˷һ˫Ұ׵˫ֱץؿڡһ˫ֵָϣǷŵâƺܹࡣ
˿£ȻǴײȥֳֵȭݺݵһ˫֡
¡꣡
ײȺشһֻȭͷɵصס˵Ĺ˲ײ˴־һ̣ǵض֮ͳһֻϴСİɫ塣
ɫ屻ץס֮һצسץȥмһ˸ѣʱǰɫѹ
һƣеĶǴһŵĺ


339 С
ǿ㵽ʲôˣ
һûе֣ں֮µȫ𾪣ֻص̫ˣһ˫ƽ۾ž޲
һЦʲôˣôʲô˵Ϊʲôںʲôأ
һЦãҲ˵Ƿ֪ã
ʼ򣬷ǳǸ˵ʵڲ˼ǰȽ϶࣬ÿءзǳСһ壬ǵʵܲΨһǿȴǵľܹڼݵʱڲóһ󣬽ҪסĶסܹмֻ໥ϵĻǽ᲼óһ󷨡
˶٣˵۾û˿仯˵ӦףԽĻǽ൱һʱԷĻ󣬶һױ˲ȻҪʹֻĻǾ͵ץסеֻſԡ
ߣȻʲôҲ޷ˣغһʾԼĲ
æôʱ䣬ץסֻͨĺ󣬷ӵ÷ǳޣȴǲͬˡץôһֻ󣬱Կżֻǰڳ󷨣Իˡ
˵˻һָоֻҪеֻŵǿ϶ԥؾͳ뵽ĻûֻΪС
ǺǣλʦҿҴǼֻҲûʲôôǲøңܹʲôóءЦǺǵ˵˵ȷܹ÷ӵ󣬿˼ҺòҳĺΪɶҪأ
ȻЦһȫϲڱ
㣬ҵվܵһЦڵ
ˣǽ˺⣬Ҳƽ⿪ˡ
٣벻ǹʦҪֵǿ˰ԣСҹ۲ʶ̩ɽǮյǰͬǹ͹һ˵
ڰ֣˵Ǯ٣ҼȻѣǾûбҪ˵ֻ˰ɣЩ㶮ҲǾ㹻ˡ
ǮٺЦţϵЦݸβסˡ
֪ȲѷɫڣԸڹʦֶΣֻҪкʵĻǮڶӵĻģ
ʱ򣬴ϻ˹˱ȭͷ𾴵˵٣ҿۣ벻ʵȻôǿ󡣡
ϻֱޱȣ˼ϸ壬Ȼǿ˽ʱĵݣĵ׸϶ҪǿࡣˣҲܴʵǿĹʦ˱
ҪǣƢֶһôõڱ˱֮󣬾Ȼĵûг
˵ˣʵǳǿǿ󵽾ʦﶼǡ
ؿ˵ҾһͣĹŴɽΪľǱǮ벻ܵ˺ѡ˵ϻκ׽ĿܶƵˡھҪԼݵĶԣֻݶˣô˺廢֮䣬ܹĸһЩ
ϻȻ˹ȴҲ֪ǰֻ̽նӿ޷նɱ
ȸ˵ûʲô뷨ˣ򲻿ܵġ˵ϻҪκε׼ΪľǱԼܹɡ
ã龡˵ʵѾԲ뵽ˡϻٴ˵ӡ
Ҳǵͷ֮ǰǰһû̫ķӦ
ϻٶ˵Ȥ»ص˶ǰˣٴοΡ
ǮںߣĻֻ߱ոյֵĺ󣬺ʼʱ򻹷ķǳɵڸܵǹɽӽȻϢ֮󣬱ʵͬصĿǰĻ֮һ㣬ޱȡ
ף٣ЩôôʵǼĳһܲҲǮеĺʵǿɰе֣ǿʵ
ǺһЦҡҡͷ˵ЩСҲҵĻﻹܹ㣬ҪϿ϶ὫؿͳģŲţ
ǮȻЦ˵ģû˿Ц˼˵Ŀġ
εؿһǮæ˵ҿ˰ɡ
ָŻ˳ëȻһĨᣬǺٳֵġ
ǰţһ·ϵû˶Σգһֱʱ֣ϻԭϢ˳һ½·ߡ
ǮһʯͷϣǮ뱾ҪֱϵģĶǹԹԵܵߣ߾һܷ壬ﶼҪȫĶࡣ
Ϣʱĺ󷽣Ȼһ޵ĺ
СԹԡСԹԡǵȥˣҵСԹԡ
üͷһƺһСĺͯںԼĳ
ʶģͷһۻеĺ⼸СһﾹȻͬʱ궯
ǺǣѵǵСѰ𣿡һЦĿ˳ź󷽿ȥ
ûã󷽵ȷǴһ΢ĽŲŵػһһĺ
˺廢ͬע⵽Щ׷˺󷽣ĿؿԶ
ҪǻĹŴɽΪΣյļط֮һҪ˵ʲôС򲻿ܵģΪûʲôὫҰΣķĵط
һһıӰ˵С
һСϴŰɫСһһɫƤӣһ֪ʲôֲɵô˴Щ¡
СﺦµɨһȦбŵǼС֮͸غҵСԹԣǿҵˣ
ȻЩģ
ЩˣôһֵСҺǾ˵ЩСģֻڻ޷ȷǲСﰲŵˡ
ΪʲôҪҵСԹǣǶң۵ٴδСﾹȻǶ˵ġ
ƵһЦҲżſ󣬷ʵСʲôЩСһղԻǣڻܰǸ㡣
ߣһǾͲʲôˣүү˵ˣֻ˲ŻᱻԻסǿ϶ǻˣСûлشĻֱСһؽ׵ֱָߵ
ʱˣ˵ĻᣬǱżֻǰ˵Сﰡֻǹ·ˣǻˣ㿴ǲû˺𣿡
ĻСɻԴΪҲ˺ĻкܰǸͲܷ飬Ϊϰˣ˴Сŵˣܱڶ˱š
ڵһƺѾ档
ĲǻˣҵСԹỵˣС˵ǺཱུС۵žͿɰ
С㻹ûиʲôأôﰡǿʵСݿ²ô򵥡
СֿеĺջǾ˵ˣҽа׶һֱסģѾкܶˡ
ˣ
˶ɵˣ׶С￴Сģȴ˵һܶ꣡
ô׶ݾ͡
һʶϵɨŰ׶壬ҪҳһЩè塣ɲʶôǿȻ޷ҳʲôͷĵط
仰˵ǰ׶岻ܴ壬ûһۼҪ˵ĻǾ۾಻ͬ
׶ͫŵģè۾һˡ
׶Լһס𣿡ʵڼҴһ㡣
׶ͷƺǲϵϢºͣ㿿˼˵ǵĴ磬ԼһסְүүûˣҲˡ


340 ƨ
Щˡ
ܹĹŴɽ֮ĶͨɫСŻĹŴɽƺûʲôµ˼˵ˡ
˶ɵϣȻǿĳ׶ʮа˾֮ˣֻǲ֪Ϊʲôûˡ
磬ܲܰСԹǶңʲôûˣֻСԹÿˣˡ׶Ȼ˵۾żỨ
۵ǳģˣ׶һӶѣһڻĹŴɽУû˵ĺӡ
׶ûмˣ֮ǰû˵ʲôͷиոյõĺݽ˰׶Уʵ
׶ӹ˺󣬶ʱϲһ߸Żеĺһ˵Ҳ֪ˣֻǵѩˣΪÿһѩҶСԹǴѩ̡
ѩǾˡ
Цһ׶ļӦˣǱʲôط޷
֪ôˣһ֮飬ԼӦýһСӾͶﲻܡ
ɻûڣǰ׶ʲôһ㣬Ȼ̧ͷһСüëƵʵ磬ĸСԹأ

ʱˣֻֻֻ˵С˵ļƣͲܹɿڵˡ
˵ˣ׶ĺȻߴߴűȻŽл
׶һ֮£ɫʱѿˣһŷ۵С˲ͺָ˴ؽеңҵСԹǻң
ôĻֻǲмһû˶
׶㡭Ҫ˵ȴǰ׶Ȼ۵һűֱ˳˹ȥ
׶ٶȺܿ죬ͬһɫһ㣬һ˲͵˵ǰ
˶һǶû뵽Щȴûжʵİ׶ٶȾȻô졣
ߣ˿ɲƲ磬㲻鷳Ҫɱ㣬οڰ׶ȥء
ֱһƶŰ׶ȥҪ׶ֱĳꡣ
Ҫֹκξ벻㣬ˡ
Ҫ׶ôһСӣСӶʵ˵ȥ
ϧԤеһĻûг֡
ǰ׶ƿʱȻһ͵һֱײ뵽˵ĻС
ţ׶֫һչֽŲõر˵ĻдǼǸֵģСٴ
˶ʱŭʲôݣȻô˵ǰһСŪ㶪
߶ʮһأץס׶һ˳ȥ
׶ҽײһôϣʱȴûκΣշ׶ͬһֻɵĺڴת˸Ȧж֮󣬾ȻٴԸٶֱ˶ȥ
ҵСԹԣҵСԹԣȻҾɱ㣡׶ˣΨһ飬ںˣﻹܰ
׶ĸͷҲǺܴÿһδ˵Ҳ˲һ£ıûʲôˡ
ƺԸɱС㣬ÿΰ׶ʱֱȷڿˡ
ڰ׶νʼ֮ǰһѱס˵׶Ҫȥˣ򲻹ģ
أҪҵСԹԣһҵģֿǶẦºĵģҲҪСԹԺͰ׶һģ׶ص˵ڻȴûô
ε̾ϢһǶ˿˵֪
ڣûȤ˲˵꣬һڷˡ
Ҳûаѻ˵ˣֻ˵ûȤˣԺȻᵽȻȤġ
ǲӲӥ޷ṩʲôôĺôûкôôóء
ûɿڵ˼Ҳ˷ѿ࣬׶˹ЦǺǵ˵׶СԹڻܸ㣬ԺлٸҪ𣿡
һ޷׶ͳˣλƵص䵽ֱϡ
׶ҭ˼£ֿһɷˣԼĴ򲻹ˣֻЭ˵ǴһҪҪ
ģһҪģصصͷݳŵˣһġ
׶۾ĳϿ֮ŵͷ˵磬û˵ѣ㡣һģֱСԹԸҪ

ӣֵе㲻֪ˣһ·ҪߵĿ϶ΣأҪǴôһСƨĻǽǳΣգ˵ʲôʱͻύˡ
׶ҪǳΣգҺ𣿵ȸʱ򣬾ͻСԹԵģ𣿡ϸȰ˵ţԱߵ˶ûһ㼦Ƥ
ǰһ̻սǿɱ񣬶ȴƵĴкԼޱ˵Сá
ҲҪţҪ㣬СԹǲ뿪̫ԶǻԶʧȥϵġ׶˵ССȴǼᶨޱȵԴ
ˣ˵ʲôһСӶﲻڰ׶ôֻ֣ѡŰ׶һˡ
ֽ׶ͷ廢˵߰ɡ
У٣һӻ鷳ģϻüͷ˵Ű׶ǰ׶ͳһһ֪ûı˵Խܵġ
˭֪׶ڵǲװģһװģ˵ûжӰ죬һӰ쵽Ľչ鷳ʹˡ
Ҳ˵ֻǰؿŴϻһ˫۾գҲգ
˼ײˣòôҿ϶ǻġҸ˵ֻǸӣû˵ֱ֪ͨ㡣ϣʶȤ
䶯˼£ϻջЭˣݺݵضǰ׶һۣ˵ҪҳҲҪ鷳
İɣ׶ˣ԰ɣץŰ׶С֣Це˵һ˵ģ
ǵģְֺүү˵׶ˣǲˣ׶ͻĻ׶ɵ˵ЦЦ۾ǿɰ
һЦ˲౶˵֪ǰ׶ˣߣ籧ߡ
˵꣬ŴϻͷʾԼˣŲˡ
ԱߣΣս˵Ǯлˣ٣С𣿡
ǣҲǣҲܹȷͷָ֮ҡͷڳһ֪˵ļơ
Ǯͷ˵һף׶С첲ʵ׶Ǯ磬˻尡
׶ǮһۣžתȥԴСͺߺߵ˵磬ǻлζ
ζ
ˣ֪Ǯɹٻ£׶Ӧһ۾Ϳˡ
׶ô֪ǻģѵñų𣿡Ц˵ֹ˹ΰ׶Сӡ
˭룬׶Ȼͷǳ˵ǵĴ磬׶ųģ׶ıӿɺˣʲô⣬׶ܹųģ
׶ıã㻹ųʲôЦе˵Ѿˡ
ܹñӾų˻˵ƺȷǴڵģֻǳټȻ㷺ҲֻڼԼӡҪȻȥԴߺϢǿɲһС̡
׶·ǽһСţŵ˵磬׶ˣүү˵׶ΪǿĴڣ׶ųûܹҵһЩıܹˣ

ԴˣһϢظˮ棬ܵ׶˵Ǻܴ
׶˵󻰰ɣôˣٵʵȴǹâ˸
һ⻰׶ʱˣ˵۸ˣ׶˵ѻģ׶˵Ķģ㲻ھͿ֤㿴ǰĵطһɢСһػš
׶ģЦˣЦķǳġ
Ѿ֪׶ʲôˣһǳرģ壡


341 Ա
ǰﴦб
˵۾һȻΪ飬ܹһЩСС棬ǻǷǳˬġ
ȷЦеʵȻ˵Цضš
׶صͷԴߵСβ˦˦ģио
һЦŰ׶̧űߣ˵УǾȥ׶˵ǲģûɣ
廢ʻﻹᷴԣ˵ģֻҪܹõǻ֪ʲôıԻһô
漴һٴ̣˳Ű׶ָǰﴦǰС
˵˵̲̣ʶɨȥһ֪׶˵ûдȷһɫСڷᵴţɢһɵ㡣
ԱߣһĶѨڶѨʱʱػᴫһ߹һ
˵ĿǺĶѨߺȻһ춯صŭ𣬷·Ҫػһ
Ǻǣ׶˵ûдأǸúӣЦе˵ɨˡʵЩð׶ֳΪһ˻廢׶˼ϾܹѰұ廹Ƿǳġ
׶ǺʵϾʵǿڻ᲻ʵ£ǲ׶ֵġɲҪ˵лץֻأ޷õ׶Ҳð׶ϲҪͰ׶Ϊ¡
׶Žͷ­غһǶɫСĶ˵磬ߵĴӺأһοǰҸŻˣ
ʱӾͽӲˡ
ŻеСһ֪׶˵©塣
ˣ׶ǳɰҲܽƶʲôġ
жӣ׼ӭսϻͺһű󣬳Ϊһ͡
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Ѩ֮д̤ص涼
Ű׶Ǯվں󷽿ϷǶɫС֪ʲô֣ϱߵϢܹ죬ƺʲôá
꣡꣡
صĴϢһ˶ͷ­ǶѨ֮ð˳űǴ׳ɳ
ͷţβѵǴ˵зΪ˵ĺҰϻ𾪵ؿǰޣ𾪡
Ұһֱ⣬Ϊ˵ĹӲޱȷǳǶϼѲϡ
һʱҰĲɱΪľһιʱһҰȼ٣ֻĴڻĹŴɽ֮УӼöѼһֻ
ڣǵǲȻһֻ˵еޡ
ǵȷɶ˵ҰҲҪĴڡ
ǰֻҰʵԼڽ۷ƫϣûн뵽ԪӤڣҲҺûн룬ҪȻһѾ֫⣡
ʦ㿴ǸǺãϻһεؿʵ֪ûйʦİ廢ûаܹʰֻҰʰҲʧ֣ܶǳ㡣
ҲϾܹҰػŵɫСԲѰĶƷϿ϶ܸߡ
˺ٺһЦ¶һḬ̃˵Ұѵһ޶ܹҵΪҪ˵ˣǶͼỨҲǸö˾ͲܴϷҪͼỨҲԵֵˡ
廢ɫЩѿô˵ѾʼôˣԼҪһͼỨʣµĺҰǳ廢սƷȻǽܹսʤ֮¡
üëûаԼǽȥҲֵУЩԼ˵ûʲôô
٣ѵǮ뿿һСʵǺҰȻǳΣգʤ˶࣬ҰӦòôܹһĻǮ˵ҲһǳĶ
ڰ֣˵ΪһСȥģôˣ˵˾ҳֵܹٺô
ǮһҲǣ˼ҶʼսƷĹˣǻʲôҪȥһڵĻǶ˼ҵĲ·
ܵǻǰĿϷȽϺáǮҲǸˣͿˣЦվ󣬿ǰȺʩΪ
սܿ㿪ʼˣһǿԼĺҰһڱ࣬ö˵ʲôȻʹˮȣַǷ
¡¡رը𺳵Ĵضֹ˫õƽɫ廢Ҫǣƺͷڰ֪ʲôʱһΣÿһιܹںҰһֲ˺ۡ
٣ʦĵʲôȻôǺҰƶٶȶˡǮ뿴ϣʵǿˣſ
һЦʲô治ֻ֪֪ǹ̹ǣ˶ɭ䣬ͬһ꺮ҸĽǣ۷ʲôʵ㹻ʱ򣬶Ҫȥ鷳
ģסǮɫ˱䣬ܹСĵԻǿֲĴڡ
˲ٶ˵רעؿųһ֮
˵İŷǳǿ˺Ұܻ뿪ػŵɫС룬ԲŻĹҰÿҰŭҪ׷ɱʱͬһٵس룬ʼս뱣㹻Զĵط
ҰҪ׷ɱˣȴǸɵ顣һҰԶˣ廢ǰ˾ͻֱӶֽɫСժȡʱһΧùֻԼˡȥ׷Ǿֻܱذ
һҰϵ˺ԽԽ࣬ڼ˹ĺЧ಻ԡ
໡
Ұ쳤ХѾǺڲˣ˷ǳأҪѾܣҪսʤӲˡ
죡ӰѾҰҪ군ˣϻʱϲ֣θоҰı仯սǰƴһ
ϻ˼ȴҲûʲô⣬ȥ˷ʼ
ıըĹ˲佫ҰΧϢ
ʱ򣬿İ׶Ȼֱۣغ磬ܣܰ
һ㶣ͷһư׶ضǼ꣬ҲʣץǮٳˡ
һ߷ţһʶ̽Ǳ˵ĺҰֻһǿ·ƾճһ㼱ٵ׳š
ҰǿٵǴһ򵥣һﾹȻھ֮ҪԱ𵤣
Ҫ뵽ԪӤڵĽ𵤸ԱԵĿֲѹְ׶شߴ뿪
ڿٵغţ̼ƳȥԶЩŷӦ˹ʼš
໵ŭУǺҰըѿ¡һŴء


342 
Ұ߱ԼĲͷŭԸҲóѣ
һž޴ıըڿնһԸӿٵķʽֱײ˷ȥ
ʱѾ˳ȥ˺ü·Ȼܹ̺ıըŷؽӽС
磬̫ܰ׶ŵغһ˫С֣ƺҪֹЩҪ׷˵ıը
һ仰Ҳ˵һֱŰ׶һǮ룬ƴȫĿšĳѾ˺ܶ࣬˵̫Σգɶ԰׶Ǯ˵̫ǿˡ
ڣֿ񱼳ȥʮ·֮ǳѾƨɺͷ
ȣ
ͺһ˫ȻͬһڵһӵϷ˳ȥವһӾͳ뵽˸߿С
䡭
ƾ˵ĳȻԼٶȴݻһУֿ񱩵ȥˣʣصĴꡣ
ǰһЦһֱըĵطȥ
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磬Ǹô˰Ϣôûˣ׶Ȼʵգһ˫۾߶д˺档
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ôˣ׶Скô𣿡ЦеʵѾ̽ɫСã˵ûʲôô
׶صͷ˵׶֪С׶ͻ᳤һЩˣ
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ˣֽСݸ˰׶˵ǺãԵɣҪ˿Ŷ
׶˵صͷһץСЦеҿû˷ֵʱͽСһ뵽ߡ
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ֻ֪֮Ҫ̷һЩ滨֮󣬶˯״̬ЩõӴʲôʱˣʲôʱ
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ðɣҾ͵һغñķɡǺһЦִӴָͳһ·˼֮󣬳һҡһĶ׶ߣҵǰ
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ЦЦûлشĿȴǿǰһźɫӵŭ
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ǮһˣͶһ£æˣܿͱ˵ơ
һЦ˿ûоµ˵ĻʲôĻֻǱǰ֪Σհˡ̫̰ģ뿪ڳģѵҪֵҵϣ
ǲˬˣһԼɫСˡ
ҶҳǿҲܺãȰ㲻ҪץסᣬҲŹġ˵֮еĺѾȫ˳
ˣҲһѡһȴƽ˵˳
һ㲻ˡʱ廢һЩܹߵʿ׷¾ۼ˹ǰǳҼһ
ϣѰˣԭϢϻϢЩ˵ʱҲԵЩġ
˵꣬廢Ѱһû˵ĵط̷ֱ˵ҩٵػָš
ǺһǷǳըģǵٶȿ죬Ҳ޷Ҫˡ
ܿ죬˳Ƶûж
һʱ䣬ƽض˶ڱĿ̷ҩˣûа취ôΣյĵطܹٻָսĻȴǵĽ
һԣǮ˹Щǵ˵٣ҿǻȥɣ̫Σ˰⻹ûҵǸʲôطأѾʧôˣ߲֪ôء
һǮ룬ҡҡͷ㺦ˣǾͻȥɣҾЩǲԼ뿪ġǵĻ뿪ʱʬ壬ͿԱĹŴɽ鱻й¶ˡ
⻰Ǯŵһ£ﻹҶ˵ʲôֻʵʵ۾ʱʱɨָʿипǧ
ȴǲô࣬ԹԵϢţȴŴ󲿶ӵ̡
һֹͣͣһһҹֱڶ磬󲿷ֵ˲Żָʣµʵûа취ָѾʬ塣
޷ָʿҹ˾ʱɱģȵķֵֶǴϻڲ֮󻹸˵Ҫ£ֻȥƿ
ûֹʵϣϵΪ˴ﵽĿʲô鶼ܹĳġЩʿƺҲԼʲôһѡ񰲾ȥ
֮ǰȥ˱һһĹ֮󣬱ûģһֶûдϡ
е̣֮飬ϱдκһ֣¶ܹ˲˭Щʲô˵ǳȫ
ڣˣǮ룬һεĶֻʣ˰ʮȻ׶СѾͷǲߵġ
һΣ鶼ģûܹǱʬ壬еʬ׶ûˣֻһƬһƬ
ǰĻĹŴɽ֣Щ䣬Щꡣ֪·̻Ҫ߶ãֻҪȥ˲ܹع顣
ܻȥλ˾Ѿܲ˰ɡ
ӰҪҵĵʲôʲôܹǣñħأĿ·͸ʱͿռ䣬ĳطſѪڡ


343 ɺ
鰲ʹڻ谵Ĵ֮Уһľ
ļ·ˣʶرܿһЩΣմں󣬳һЩ۵С鷳֮⣬ûзʲôս
ĹŴɽԽһĪϢһֱΧεţǵȴŻĶߣ֪ʲôʱͻҧһڡ
ʶϸ̽ÿһأûзһ˿·βŵϢܹԶ
ĹŴɽȷǹŹֶ࣬С˵Ҷ޷ȥˡüͷһš֪ĹŴɽΣأƾڵʵ϶ܹаԵˣʵڲо˷һЩܺˣԴԴϵš
Դܾ֮ԴԴϵ͹һȶЩûţŬš
˵ĵҲûбҪôˡ
֮һĺԱߡ

ʲѣ죬ЩӰϵʯ鱻ˮݺݵײţƺ˵޾µķŭ
ֹͣǮǰ߰ĴӣǴ󺣶ûʲô
磬ͣʲôֱӷɹȥ𣿡ϻЩ˵뵽ĹŴɽ֮кû˳ʱѹֵ˼ޣҪˡ
ϻҡҡͷָǿޱȵĺ棬˵㿴ʲô
˳ŴϻָȥɫԴСĶˮһֱԭλûиı䡣
ϻųֳ򣬻ûпʲôʶ̽ʱʶ޷͸Χɵľ룡
ףʲôʶȻܵѹơϻȵ˵ǺʱѾһ˿˿衣
ĹŴɽѾʧ˶ʮٴĻĲ
ÿˣҸʲô֮е壡ӱǻĹŴɽвķֽ㡣ϻ֪ȻһЩĿǼڵ֮ϣóص˵
֮ڣǶ˵ԲǺϢѾ¶˳ĹŴɽ֮кٻ룬ҲԽӡ
ҪȥĵطҪӵġ
ѾǵĴڣҪǵļӿ²ˡ׼ɺӰɣСһ㣬ߵĹŹַǳࡣɳƵһ˵
ȻҲĳ˶Դӵء
ʶɢְٶڵĴӶֿȣ˵ľ뻹̵ġ
ǰɵһƬˮлʱʱش˻ӰٵʧĲΣձ鲼Ĵӡ
ôɡȴţЩӵ˼ȻطȻ֪·ôߵġ
ɺӵķȻȱ١
廢ںӱפ鿴֮󣬲ʼɺӣֻǵĶɺӷʽأȻǴˮϹȥƾշ裬ҲˮӾ
ǻɣΪΣѵˮϹȥûΣˣ
Ǯ٣һһҪңΣղҪСУóΪƷ𣿡üͷ˼˰죬žһЩ⣬Ǯ롣
Ǯƺܵ˾ţЦеϲ԰ѪѾŻˡ
ãȻص˵ͷ˵лл٣һġ
ʱǰ廢ѾζɺӵҪ˵һ飬Ѿ任ˡ
ʣ»аʮˣɳζǰŰˣʮˣǮҲŽȥˡ
ŶӵʱǮ뻹ߺҪ뵽мȥʱֹˡ
ӵؿǮ룬˵Ǯ٣ҪҲôżɣûмŲıȽɢĻ϶м俪ʼΪ˵ҪȥмǿưȫĵطĻ㡭
УҶˣʵʵظ㣬ԲдˡǮ볹׷ˣһֱͼûô֪ô鰡
ЦЦҲһ£˵λڱȽϿԵĵطܷʲô鶼ȽϺôʵڲеĻܡ
˶ˣǰߵˣҪţҪңܷʲô鶼Ҫչ̶ٶǰУ򽫻д鷳֣ûУϻòǺܸߣǵͳʮĻ˵
ź㶨ٶȣеˣɺӲԽԽôҪһٶأ߿϶Щèġ
ڣ鿪ʼɺˣÿ˶ذҪһǲǮ붼ԹԵظˡ
̤Ϻˮʱһɱĺ˲ϮҪӽŵ״壬嶼ס
üͷһ壬ոҪԱڵиңȻʲôûǹɱ͸ڡ
˶Ԫס˫㣬ֵźϮΨû
أ˫ȱЩˣһϸ΢ıĭӡ
⣬ɱ䲻ϵϴš
ɱ䲻Ǻˮ¶ȣӦרԪģ嵹вٴ߰Ȼܹô뵽̤ˮʱеĵ
ӼȻǻĹŴɽв֮ĺ蹵ǿ϶뾡취ߵʵܹնɱˮ֮С
ΪҪź㶨ٶȣǷǳбҪģֻҪͷļ˹̶ƶƵʺͽŲ̤µˮϲĲɺ㶨ġһ㶨Ĳˮ沨ͬ޶ȵĽͱ巢ֵĿܡ
ЩˮϵǷôˣҲ㹻ݵʱڽϢݳȥ
ˮ𶯾ͲͬˣܹݵǳԶĵطȥ
һаʮͬһ׼Ļ׼ȷÿһǰУط·һƯڴ֮ϵľͷ
ȫ߹֮һ·̣ԵķֶĽϢࡣ
˿ش⣬ڽ뵽֮ŷͷϵˮĪΣմڣһСȥ˵ĻǾֻ·һˡ
ˣҪ˲ӣҪܣҪҷɣȥɣϻֻǱ֮ǰӲпˡ
üͷһ壬һΣڿٵؿ֮У漴Ǵϻϵ·Σյô
ߣϻͷҲص˵˵֮ӲͷƤǰߡ
⻰޵˼ˣɼȻԷô˵ˣǿ϶Щԭġ

ˮϺȻһ˻ƺʲôҪˡ˻¸һĺӰζһ
ɫĴԽԽ࣬ؾȻγһɫһ˵Ľ¶
ʿ忪ʼˣθܲ·ΣϢ
ڣһ˳ܲס˾޴ѹһʱš
ң˽һ˲ȥ


344 
ɫɵġ桱ʼ̮Щ˲޷סԭ״̬ȷӦʱѾˡ
ɺɫɵˮܶѾ˸ı䣬޷άԭƵʱֱӵˮС
ˮУǱǸһˡ
ȵȥ˴غţҲûΪʱ侲ηһ̣һҪͨˣȴһžĵݡ
ϧû˻ΪְæΪ˶ѾΣˡ
٣Ǹô죿Ǯд˿־壬ʱʱĵͷŽ²ζŵĺɫ㣬Ӷض
ɫƽǮһۣ˵ҪţƵߣһпǹʦ廢ǲܣǾͲҪܣ𣿡
ǮŰɵԥһ£ջѡšֵطܹŵ˳еڶ𣿺Ȼûеģ˲ŪͲˡ
ͷŽ²ƶŵĺɫ桱ȴһ㶼š
ɫĴɵĵֻҪ׸Ķ̤ƵʣͲʲô⣬ϾЩɫĴҲͨǵλõġ
һ˱仯ǺɫĴ˲Ӧֱӽ̤ϱߵ˵һȺӵϣ÷ݣǿ壬ڶʱھͿһˣ˺飬ɣͷ
ɫĴʳһֻ֣Ǳ֮˾˱ˡ
ǮȻչ̶Ƶ̤ߣûʲô⣬ֻǿߵԽԽ٣վǲġ
ˣְľҶϻʧѾﵽʮﻹܹסֻһ䡣
ɾôһ仰𶯣ȴ嵽ˮףЩɫĴһû뿪ʱѾָôϻӹһνѡ
˶ѹ̶ܳ޵ģٴϻ´һĹ֮һʿҲֲסˡ
ҺҽţʿµƵ˲ˣŤŤҪȥ
ŽŵºɫĴѾſ͵ȴһζȣʿʵʵشţĵͺһȻͬڵһֱӷ֮УȻҪжΣա
˭룬ʿŸո뿪ˮ˸ߵʱٻ˹ʿ
ʿţٵĺޱȵӳ뵽ÿһ˵Ķߡ
ţʿķԽԽСˣȻ˺ѷεĲҽСˣɴϷĲ֫ȴ
ѪȾһƬˮ򣬺ɫĴһسǼһһڵؽʬ˸һɶ
Ǯ뿴ĶҪ³ˣҪμסĶڿѾ˴Ķˡ
ΧˮвٶʺɫܹɫʱʱıȻЩѪ
üͷ壬֪ʲôܹóô񶾵ķʩ
ס֣ǾҪˣϻٴδĶͷѾðˣֲ˭Ըܡ
һˣһ˿ûܵӰ죬ȻȲٵǰš
廢Ǳָˣ˳ɫ԰ףٻܹ㶨ǰ
ɫĴһֱ˵Ľ£ʱʱػϱһ£ײŲˮϵ˫š
ϧҲû˻ֵ᷸ͼĴˣҶҧţӵĶ԰Ѿǰˡ
Ҫˣע⣬Ҫ˿ĸı䣬ֻҪ˫ṳ̂ϰߣͲҪκεĸı䣡ϻ˵ڵǳĲ鷳ܹúõطйһˡ
ν˶ڼʤ
ڣٽӽһʱķڶǮ˰
Ǯһϰžһ˵ϣſڱǴеԻʵǴĿģǴ۾ˡ
û⣬عźĴϺɫȥ·ûгֹһ㡣ЩʺѪҺѾʧӰˡ
һյĴӰ֪ŵĻͱлĻᡣֻǲ֪Ǵ֮ϵеʲôüͷ΢΢壬ҪúõؼסԺƵҲֵķ
һֲĴӴڵȷһȻϣҪ뵽ĴĸЩѪǾԲܵġ
ҲǻĹŴɽ֮δ˼ʶԭɡ
׼̣ϻٴδȻô˷У˵ûд
Ŀǰõѡǿ뿪һȫĵطúõذӪկϢһ
һܹʧʮˣ֧һٵʮˣʣµʮ˶սõĴڡȥʬǶûа취ˣǽ֮еĺɫȫץ
ٴѹֻһû˻˵һ仰ǶڸղǷݽź;֮С
ٴοˣ˴ͷı˷źӰ
ʶѰһԴӹ˴֮ߵҰ޺޵ӣ޵ܶȺʵ仯ľơ
٣߾ǻĹŴɽвڣôо޵ôࣿЩŭʵװѰǮɥ˵ղŵһĻȷŵѡĻԸھͻȥһ竵үˡ
ˡ
ȻԶһ𶯵ǰҹֻڶ߷ȶų
̧ۿ˿ǰȻһźɫġƶ˹
ЩɫġһЩ˶Ǵʧɫӣ
ǵģȷӲ٣ӳһģһĳ򣬳Ѫͣȶǰơ
ҵүӵĸͷôôô࣬ѵ·һ𣿡ǮǱûлָĲ԰СøӰˣʮֻ
Ѫòֻ࣬ʵҪ̫ˡ΢΢ҡͷܹѪ÷ųͺˣǿѪɵĽЩ鷳
ϧҲͽ룬ôѪó֣ùĿ϶ˡڻĹŴɽ֮жɸ٣Ը顣
ǰһȺѹѹŵ˵ʻζͬܵ˴̼һķ
µĵҲŲ֣ɳʼһϸһĶʼֳһؽص壬ƺȨ
ԶĴŭ˷һȺ˴ӣǵĵϡ
ǰңΣհⲻ𣿡Ǯ޵˼ˣ֪ΪʲôҪĹŴɽûڵĻͷӶʣˡ
ЦһַסǮļʶĵ뵽ʶУһֽ֮ǮɫźһЩҲ˲١


345 ħݵ
ǸոտʼĹŴɽջһһֳģһѾս׼
̽նӣѾΧˡ
ǰдȺڱƽȺŭȨ»һһϳֵޡڸû·Ѳٶһ
ʦ㿴ǲǻߣǱߺûʲôΣաϻӼ涼Σ֮󣬺ȻػѡȥûΣյһ档
һϻһۣҪȥҾԲ㡣
ϻɫһӲǵļⲻϵزţ˫ȭţȻҪʹһ١
ۿҪϻһϻŶϣȵҪʲô˶˵ĻĹŴɽйʦϤʦ˵ôҪôôϻʦǸ
ϻϻһѵ⣬ǺȻʲôһ㣬һϻû˵ģʮֳϿҵظ˵Ǹ˵һԭʲôĻ
Ȼм˫۽ضǰѾӽһȺӣҩۣͿĨϣÿһطҪͿ͵űϴɾѪɡ
˵꣬˴ӴָͳһЩƿӣװŵıνҩۡ
ÿ˶ҩۣҩɢŵһŻЩŵĶ˾Ȼһɴ̱ǵζ˵ǳˡ
ƿӴǮУǮ͸ԼͿĨһ飬ֵݸ˵٣ҲͿĨϰɣЩӿžͿ£ҪøһڣҪ˰
˭룬Ȼ˰֣˵ҲҪˣԼŰɡ
Ǯֱɵˣ϶ӱ¿ˣҪȻô᲻أ
ǮֱԼЦһ˵зӣЩѪӲҵġ
϶ˣһַǳӽ⣬ӽȻɢϢԵÿͬһ㡣Ҳ˵ԼЩѪӷԼĻЩӾײҲΪײһôײһʯͷ
㲻𣿵һ֪ˣĹЩ⣬еԵҲ˵Цţƽˡ
֣ǮҲ˵ˣְֱƿӴ򿪣Լ˲ٵķĩŰĵһ
æһУȺѪѾ˹ʣʮ˰Χ
ЩӻûпǻۣжȫƾԼѪܣڰΧ֮ǾȵķЩζȾȻѾʧˣһַǳŵζ
ˡ
Ӿڶ߻ţʱʱػײϣƤ˱ܵؾҪȥġûеȥģǺһȥֱ֮Ѫӷǵڡ
һյĹȷԼζȵȷѾʧˣ˵ֱӱһÿõľͷֻ֮ε뿪ˡ
Զȥ˶һǰͷ˶һĭ
ڽʱʱֵ򾣬ֱӲֻ˵һ仰ǰȥˡ
µĶöܵľͶܣֻҪ㲻ǣǾͲΣա
ô飬˵Ժ߶һӴڣʱʱ̵̿ǣÿһغնΣյĵطʵʵõı
˼ǰˣ˶ѧģһһĵˣһŵ¶
ǰнһʱ֮˵ٶȲŽʱʱֹͣŲ
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ǳͻأģԭغӱߺȻһܶ˱֮ܳһȺ˵ޡ
ǵģһȺ˵ޣһ߷ıţһ߷໥ţƺʲôһ㡣һֻ޵޷ˣһԵޱһźӱ߳
ˣ񣡡˵ӶһӲĶһվŷ·һ
¡¡ıԽԽЩ޴˵ǰٵسһԶ½һĳ뵽˺ˮ֮С
е޶û˿ͣ·ǵĿĵؾһֲĺһ
ͨͨˮ𣬿˶ĿɿڴǰһĻġ
һֻ޳˺ˮ֮к˵Ŀȫе˴֮С
Щҹ鷳ĺɫ㸡ֳȺûôˮ׵޿ʼ
ˣֱǷˣǮһĭԴϵҡţ˵
ƲƲͣǷڵĺˮ˵ûв´ĻЩӦǵ͵ģزģڵޣǲġҪ֪ҲѳһַʽԼ岻ܵ޵ֺ
ѵɵ˾ͲǱֺ𣿡ǮʮֲʵǱ޳ˣûʲô
һѰ֮ǵʬܹΪʳҲһ̶ֳϵıȫʬ塣ҡҡͷ˵ý͡
ǮҲףҡҡͷ˵ˡ
ʶŻĹŴɽչҪ߻ʲôΣûУ˵Ǹ֮ǰ̽⵽ĵطǲǿ̽鵽ˡ
ʶϵ̽ţһξ֮ķԼ޷鿴ˣƺһǿԼų˳
Ҷ̽飬ĳЩ֪ԼĴڣ֧Ͷֶѵ̽նɲҪ鷳
һظ·뿪ɳ̲һʯ᾵ĵط
վʯǰ˻ͷ˵ϣǲܿʲôоʲôҪ˵ҲҪԼվƾͿˡҷʲô⣬Ҿֻȥˡ
Ӧ˵Ǽᶨ˭ԸȥοֵطԼɱˣǲԩء
ûص˵ͷ˵ߵÿһһۣ˶ųһţÿһ˸µı·ÿһܹߴ𣿡
ף
˷׷׺ö˵϶Ҫʲô֮Ķˡ
ƲƲͣ㲻ҲǸħ֯ľݵˣҪȻôأ
˵꣬˲ٷϻȻֱӱ۾дʵ˵ʲôٶȼڸʯͷԾǰ
廢һֶۣʿǴһ֮󣬱̸µĺۼǰš
ҵʵǿȥһı۵ûʲô⣬ˮƽٲҲôĿ궼ȲС
ǮȻߵģǮ뿪ʼȥʱ򣬺Ȼغ٣㿴źۼͿҪʧ˰Ҫߵһ벻û𣿷Ҫ
һɲôţϵıͿʼڻˣŲõߵͷѾˡ


346 
úݶĳȻֵӵֶǡ
һЦο˵Ǯ٣Ҫģһݵ⻹Ѳҵġ
Ǯ벢ˣʯģ˵ƽˣܼסλþ൱ˡ
ϸش˰죬ǮҪźۼûʧʱץסϧԽԽԺȻһŴﶼǲˡ
ֹǮ룬˵Ҫ˷Ѿˣ֮еĺۼܹǿӲסġ
ţ֪ˣҪˡǮ˵ʵվһԣ˵ˡ
һĿЩûʧĺۼȥѰһЩ˿
ÿһ󷨶ɻɣ֮ϽһЩ仯ֶΣϳΪһ󷨡
ÿһ󷨶аȫн·ߣ·߻϶ǹ̶ģϵȽϸߵˣƾ·߲²󷨵࣬Լƽ֮
ľ顣
Ѷһ㣬ƽЩͷȻһ۾ʼȥ
ǮȻʵʵظϣ˶ʧӰ
һһţٶʱʱÿһ߶ʯͷϱһǳǳĺۼǮ˳ЩۼĽŲ
۾ʶ̽鷴Ϣپټ֮óۣأ󷨵˽Ѿǳ͸ˡ
Ⲽ󷨵˵ҲǸ˲ţȻܹȤֶΣԵ̾һֻٺõֶΣҲûʲôô
Ѿ󷨵Ѿ˼ߵ裬Ը⻨ʱȥ󷨣Կһַ񹥻һ²ܹƳ󷨡ֻʵû˼˷ʱˡ
ʱǰߵѾȫ󷨣վʯѵĶ˿Ǯ֮ʱޱȣʱǰš
磬ǸҶСӾȻôǿʲôͷ᲻ǵɹļϸأϻ𾪵ؿʵĿһֱôãǮ봿Ǹһ
ϻ΢΢ҡͷһ˫Ŀſ˰죬΢΢з֮ſ˵һ̫ˣҪľǲݣܲΪҶáܹõģԨ۹ľ潫õ޴ĸı䡣
˵꣬ϻؿһˣ̲סطֹ
ܹľ棬˵벻ʦĲģǹʦǰ취ĻڵĶӿѾΪ˽ͣһʬˡ
ǴСʱ͸ŶӣԶӵȻû⣬ǹʦȴǲͬأ¸أΪֹǶ֪ʦݣֻԼܹ֪ʦһǳص֯֯ǳǿԨ۹еʵС
ΪأȻ˿ʵŴϻӵζ
ϻһ㶣Ц˵ǶΪģȻֻһѡɱ
˺ٺЦһȴû˶
ϻҲżеؿ֮Ųţûдκһ󷨡
ҵСˣȻұħ󷨶޷ס治֪лʲôܹסˡ˰뵽һ󷨵ʱ򣬶ǷѾ˾ţ֮Ŵһ
ɵһľʱҲ޷ǰˣֻܹȴžݵߵӦ
Ѿ߹֮һ
ʵǿҿԸһѶˡٴοڣ̹ͬǵĺ
˵ţ˫ӡһ뵽֮С
˵΢󷨿û˿ĸı䣬ֻɫЩļʵϺʣѾÿֲ֮ˡ
еͻأһͣоһΣյϢǰ֡ϢķǳͻȻǱ˹ǰһŶʱը
٣ôͣˣȥɣҵ඼Ҫ˰Ǯ봭Ŵ˵ǿʵҲܲסѹ
ֹǮ̧ͷǰȥǰϷѾˡ
аһɫ˵Ǯ٣עһЩ˷󷨣󷨸Ķ֮ǿӣСĵĻἤ󷨹ġ
ǮʱЩˣһҲ˱仯΢΢ʵ٣Ǹô찡
裡ҪסңǺǣδе̫С˰ɣǮڶӵĿԭû̫ļֵӵһ㶼˵һ޵ɱɢ
⻰ǮȻįһЩҡͷЦţһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
γ֪ԼĴڵȨûôһôĻͲ֪ˡƾһôҲֻܹĴˡ
˫ٴαϣʶϵѰǰ󷨵һΣе㲻ˬˣȻҪǾͲֱܹӸٵһЩˡ
һƽʵ̫ˣһһԵȫ㶨ɣСˡȻһЦǵЦݷһɺ䣬Ѿŭˡ
һ˸ʶγһǰ󷨷ĳȥ
¡¡
εײУƺǱסҪƾһ֮ƴ
ܵз˵ɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽ǿ
ʦû𣿱ϾҪ󷨵ġϻЩǵʵͬǸܵ˴ǰ𶯣һܹģԼҲûаܹ
ʵɲ⣡
ϻеĳôһۣȻԼ֮ǰľǴģΪ֮ǰϸСýĹЩˡ
İɣСܹ󷨵ĻҾóʦλӸߣһͲ£ЦоԵͳ
Ϊǵһ󷨣һԱȺ壬ǹһ󷨣֮Ҳ᲻ϵ赲ǰߡ
Ҫ󷨶һԴȪֻҪݽߣ󷨾ͿԲϵԶ޲ѭϡ
ԴȪ᲻ݽߣ˸ͲҪǣԴȪԴ֮Уˮϣ㲻ݽߣ
ԣԲԱķʽǿġ
¡¡
ҵ𶯴һ˵ɫƽƺѾϵĳ֡
¡
꣡
ԽԽǿңȻǰдһȴޱȵĶ
˵ɫһ䣬æ̽һȻֱƵһ󷨣Ҫû˿ֱ֣ӷϵǸ󷨻ָĿԡ


347 󷨴ʦ
ģȻƵۣҪ˫ʩչȻҪӴȡ
ɾʱдһƵ죬ǰһ㡣
ȥɣΪ󷨿ʼ񻹻ˣĿڽµ
˭룬һǷĲԭɵȻֱ߷ֿ
һģܹʮ˲ߵĵ·ˡ
ȻǱ鲼ʯȴѾû󷨵ӡ
Ӱһǰһػ˹Ϊ׵Ȼ
ɫ䣬һ˫۾ˣ֮һЦɱң
պǽţƺ˽ŵ״̬
ϻһУæȰ˵ȲҪż顭
û˵꣬ͱ˸ˣֱӿ˵ΣΣ
ͦиԵĹ
ЦһŤͷһǮõһȥ˵ɱңھɱ㣬ҿ԰󳹵׵ƻþݵûзص֮ء
˵ɫһ䣬Ƕû뵽˵ĻֱӣԵ£
ǿﲻĵ̣ԡһ˫΢΢ֿȻѾս׼
Цмҡͷ˵ǾɣҪɱҵˣҲĴģ
˵꣬һƣȻҪˡ
һԵĴϻҲֲסˣŭһˣ
˭룬˾ȻûпȻŶԷƺڵȴųֵĻᡣ
ҪʲôģȰ飬ҿ԰һһܣ˽ԹΣϻ˼һ£֪͹ʦ֮ĶԹ޷ͣ·Ǻһ𲻿ɲһ
üͷšһ£ջѾֱ̧ۣһ˵һ䳡滰ϣ㲻ҪĹŴɽ
һЦϵسͲмԽˡ˺ˣѾˣ
ȻˣǶԷ;ԲսʤԼĻˣΪԽߵߣľһַǳּ֣ΪҪĴڡľ϶ǶڽмӰ졣
һۿҪսʱֹסˣϻĵĨһѶͷϵĺˮȻԼʵһ磬ʵ㹻Ļȫֱһͣһġ
ϧֻһõ뷨ˡ
ˣʦǽȥһǻҪġϻ˴һɫл˵
ٴһٴתǰȥ
ʯѵĶһЩͰľԼԼ֮ƺʲôͼ
ſһ۾ͷˣǱħǸķŰ
а̱ħȻûʧʵǿ˴˵ȵزĻǺԨ۹׻ˡ뵽а̱ħȻǸаȻ캦顣
ŶԨ۹˽⣬Դһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬Ԩ۹ĴСС֮п϶鲼˱ħ֯ĳԱӰǻŻǰŵزҵķչ
ħ϶ž޴ıģ
Ŀٴξۼͼ֮ϣʶͶУһŵСʹ󡣴صķǳʶǳϸز̽ĻͲּܷҰڷŵʯͷȻǴĻ
⵹ǸֶΣѧϰһ»ǿԵġ뵽Ǽʶ˱ħֶΣ治һܹ
˫ִһֵӡǣһ˿űһɺɢγ㹻ͬʱĴ
ֶΣħȻʵ񣬿ɵвٺöͷŽкܶ·ҪߣܹչĻ϶ħвٳͻʱһЩҪĴʩǿԸħѧϰһˡ
ʩչϣ˳廢˵ͷŵ˽ȥ
һ⻪˸ʧԭأֻһ޵ƺġ
ţ廢г˴ϻ֮ȫ룬ʿҲʼзεĴͿ
ʿǿʼˣϻߣ˸˵٣ϣ㲻Ҫʦƽϣʦ֮ǰҴģ˵ԲܹĻͻѹʦ֮λó
óʦλӣǺǣҵû˵һЦм
ϻеΣһԱߵǮ󣬲˵ҲҪ룬ʦƢǳŹ֣Ϊһ󷨣ˣԲŻǰΪ
ڰ֣ЩûʲôȤֱӿŴϻĿϵ˵ö˵ҸǾͲҪˣҪĻҾֻܳ鷳Ȼһӡ
ãð٣ȻǴ֮ˣϻɫ᲻صظһƥ
ͬδţŴ˸⻪ԽԽˡ
ȵһźʹϻǮһ˴
⻪һѾ˾ݵ֮С
µľݵȻǻ谵ģֻЩҹΧ˸ţһƬΧ
ʱЩոսʿѾãȴ´֮⣬һٵĶ
ʦأһ˲ˣϻæʵݵ˿Ϥһߴʲôط㲻ûǳ鷳ġ
ʱһ˴˴Ա˹֣˵ʦ뿪ˣҴȥϢɡ
˵̬ȣϻȻˬȴûбֳΪ˵ϸܵʦһϢ
˵ͬһֹ
һתƣӶͬһĴϻЦʵʹʦʲôҪ飬Ȼ˵һֱ뿪ˣû˵ǵȶã
˿˴ϻһַۣ·һֻĵһӵԼУĵĽЩЦģ˵ʦˣǵĹʦȥݼˣȻйǵģȥϢݼʦͻȥˡ
ʦ
ϻһ㶣֪ʦǺηʥҪ֪ǸڱΪʦֵģͨĳʦʵĴڡ
ͳȥﻹܹеãϻٴʵ֪ʦʲôģ
ʦǶ֪ѽ治֪˵ʲôˣʦ綼󷨴ʦҡͷ·ڿһһ㡣
һ˴Դϻп˵εЦЦҲͲ˵ˡǹʦ֮ȥҲ١
󷨴ʦ󷨴ʦǲܹ࣬ƵϵľĸˣֱԶϱ֣֪ʦλ
Ҫߵʱȴǿˣ˵ĲסˣתӣɫѾ
ͻȻһഫһ΢ؿԣű㴫һаζ˲ţʦ


348 صĽ
ʦ
üͷһתͷԴֻǹսǴһ͵Ӱ˳
Ӳߣֻؿλãĳ̶ȲСҪ˵ĻҪ΢΢̧Դˡһ˫ϸϸ۾˸ŵâӣ촽һĻǸոմӵһ
ʦû˵ôһѵ½ĺѾõ϶뵽оȲС
ʦߵǰһɴͣӣ΢΢̧Դϸض˸ͨ͸һ˫ϸϸ۾˸Ĺâ޲ýˡ
ˣ˵ҵ󷨶ƵģʦٺһЦЩϸʵ
ͷҪŪңûа취ֻƵˡ
ãðڵȻʦ󷨶ܹƽǰ;Զ󰡣ʦƺ¶۵͡
ޱ˵ʦˣе㲻˼ƻƷ
ĻﻹҪ˵ģϾǰ˼ҵƷŪˣڱħľݵߣôһȺΧĻעҪġ
ʦڰ֣м˵ЩܽƷ𣿺ߺߣֻҶǰŪСˣģǸöأ
ͷһ֪һﵽԴأڴţߵһһһźü󷨣һ˾Բô˵ġ
󷨶뷨۵Ļʦˮƽʦˡ
ʱ˴һ˹˵ʦѾ׼ãڿԿʼˡ
ʦ۽ǵƳһˣͷ˵֪ˡ
˸æǫӦһű뿪ˣǼƶʦؿɲһ̶ȵġ
ԴٴʦЦе˵СѣûȤҵƷҿԱ֤ûмʶģٺ٣ϷǰʱͻģܹɹԿ֮뵽һµС
Ŷʦ˻棿ҶҪȥʶʶˣЩԾʵҲɲԾ֮ϾôһЩ·ٻд¡ʦ˵µģǽ֮ľ޴ͻˡ
ֻԴҲ֪ʦνƷʲôӡ
ʦı󣬷ǳ⣬ͷ˵СѣҴȥ
˵꣬ʦһȥ˺һȺӵˡ
Ǯ뼸ζҪںϾҲûʲô飬˵Σգõİ취Ǹ
ɼûʲôӦֻʵʵˣ߶ϵţ廢ܹǰչһԼǾûʲôõĵˡ
ʱѾʦת˼䣬߹հ˹֮һİխͨڡ
ͨܳһʱŵ˾ͷһֱڰΧĵΣûдĻѾ뵽֮ˡ
ͨƵķǳл᲻һбʱ˸Ͳᷢڲ½֮С
ʦֶΰͨ趨϶㲻ٵʱɡ޵ûŪ֮ǰνʦһ¸飬ûдġ
ʦΪԵõЦ˵ûдͨΪתʮôתҪصԭȵλãֻһϱߣһ±߰ˡ
ͷʶ̫ǿѾ͸Χ󷨽ƣ̽˸һ
ֶصڿƭҵľλã˱˴ⲿֱӴĿԡҪ֪Щλ֪ˣܻܿдֶεֱʩչ
ͨľͷһɼΪصĲ֪ʯľ޴Żǰ
ʶ̽һ£ŻȻܹʶ̾ħ֯Ǵõа̣һݵ㶼ܹ㵽ôĲϡ
СѣɣҵƷٺٺ١ʦٺЦţ˸ŵŵĹâԼĽǻᾪȵġ
΢΢һЦһơʦȻƷôɶҲϵĴʦǳʵһǷǳ𾴵ģǱħˣ
ʦһЦʳָصʯ֮ϣһĹ⻪ʯŻߴ򿪡
ʯ֮󣬾ȻһƬڰ
üͷһšЩؿʦֵطһ㶼ǻ趨ģʶȥ̽飬յʲôɣһòʧҵˡ
СѲҪżõʱд󽲾ģڲеʱ޷߾ʲôġʦƺϵķӦʮֵЦŽ͵
ͷҲ˵ȴǷֹ֪һﵽҪʲôѵҪԼʶһţ֮
˵Ƶʦ«ɺҩ
Ժȴûа취ֻܸʦߣ֮С
ڵתҪסһʦʲôĻҲڱ̫
Ͼϻ˵ĺã֮ĲУ֮Ĳް
֮󣬹âˡ
ҷǳмƽףְղͬĹܣָΪͬ
ɨһ֮󣬱֪ʦҳƺԼΪʦȷЩˮƽġ
ʦصЩþߺͲϣͲһܹӵеģһЩӵоʹãﵽһˮƽҲ˷ѡ
ʦǺֶΣô౦ĶкĴ洢Ե̾һʦĴҪ׷Ĵˡ
ôĵطնɱˣеĴҪɿǰѻͬСɽһϣҪ˵ۺǲܵġ
ʦʮֵ⣬ٺЦ˵СѹˣĴ֯æռģҪȻƾһͷôôأˣЩûãҪ㿴ҵĽ

ʦѾһƷԽֳҫ˼˵ǶĲͬѰ
϶ҪҿʲôȻôżһ뵽
һֱȥʦһԵЩһ㶼⣬˫˸ȵĹâ·Ҫȥ붴ɹ١
ͷǰһ鼮ļӣʦ˫һ֣ӱƿ¶һͬڵ¥ݡ
Цһ갡ط׻жܣͷѵǰСɽͿ
СѲҪżϾ͵ˣʦͷһۣ˵
ٶ̨ף˲µһĴ֮УƻͨϱߵС˲٣ֻжƽҡ
м䣬һѪɫâڻţͬһ㣬ϵط졣
һȴ޷͸ѪɫâĴڣɵÿʵʦʲô


349 Ѫ

ʦȻЦˣЦǰ⣬ǰ
̶Цϵػصţ̼˫
ؿһʦܻ˫صȴš
Сѣ֪󷨵ĵͳж٣ʦûпڽͣһұ߼ʵ⡣
ͷ˵֮;ͬ飬α仯ǻб任ʩչ֮⵽ûˡ
ʦԥصͷ޵С˵ķǳԣ;ͬ鲻б任٣Щ󷨶иָƣһȫУҲûа취־Եƽ⡣
ʦ˼ǣһƽ⣬󷨣ЩԾؿʦʦˣѾԽһǵľˡ
ʦ΢΢̾Ϣһǳ˿į࣬˵СѣҲ֪ѣǰ˶޷飬Ҳûа취ҵһķʽǿģ־Եƽ⡣
ģ£
Ѫɫâĵ׺ȻһɲԤУڵ伮Ͽ顣
Ϊʢʱָ˲췽о󷨣о˲ʵǿᣬ˵ڵ󷨣
ÿһҪ׽ٵϴɴ˿ɼ󷨵ĲͬѰ
Ѱ壬໹ҲãҪ׽ٲܹһϾĴڣ󷨲ͬһγɵ塣
󷨶ҪɽٵĻ㹻˵ˡ
ǣֻҪ֮ԵĴڣôͿԡ
뵽ɫȻһ䣬ȻԼѾ²⵽ʦνĽʲôˡ
ɫı仯ʦٺЦţСѹȻţӦѾ²˰ɣ
ŤͷʦϵЦݣһɷʦ飬ǳֱӽһնɱˡ
ʦ˵ϷĽѪ󷨣ʵ죬ܹ׵֮Ѫ󷨣
Ѫ󷨣ûмǴĻѪ󷨵ƷӦ֮ǰͱɼ˰ɣʦôõأɻʵѪ󷨵綼һȷѪ꣬˱кǵⲻϵسͷѪֲ̫Ȼⶼֵܹ
֮£дŴһַѪ󷨵ӵߣķ֮󣬲ŽѪ󷨳Ƴնɱ˶ƵˣԼе鼮
ˣ²ŵ»ð
ǿֲ֮ѪֳˣʦǴӺδõأ
ʦһЦ㽣˵˵Ҳɺϣʦ˭ס̽ѰһŵأƫɲɵҸѰһżУҪȻôʦĳͷ֮հ
Ҳ겻ѣе˾ˣ˸͵ס·ʯͷĵѾӶᷢһλεʯ
ΪλͻȻðʦôһˡ
ĽжôȫҲ©֮ģ©ôһżеҲǺģֻǵù͵ùڱ֮˵õˣ϶ǻȥġ
ʦȷô»˴ܵĳͷġ̽Ե˵ڱ˵ĵϣûоԵİգȻܹġ
֮ˣµľͷһ׽֮£ǿҲܹĹԹ
˭룬ʦĻ֮󣬷ǵûк£¶һ˿˿ĵͲ
ߣʦѪ󷨻ẦСѣɲҪˣѪƳɹ˲䣬Եֵͷ׽ٽ٣Ҳúµģʦһϵؿٴֳ
֪ʦ군ˣѾȫ뵽а֮УƾǰѪ󷨣ִǱڡ
ʦΣհЩνʿ֪飬񲻻Ǻ鷳ٴο̽Ҫ֪ʦжôҰġ
ʦٺһЦڰֲм˵ʦо󷨣ЩʲôͳʲôĸûȤҪĽûң˵һԱʵ
ͷʦ뷨ô򵥵Ļ黹лתأֻǲ֪һ˵ĵĻǼٵİˡ
ʦѪƵģ˵ҪѪ𣿡üͷûбʦƭסʼѯĹؼˡ
ʦƺͿǺĴ𰸣ǺһЦݵ˵Ѫ󷨵ԭƷʽȷʹѪ壬ҪҪԹͻǣֻҪЩѪ󷨵󡣻һ˵̺ѪͻԽ࣬ԽߵĻѪ󷨾Ϳ޾ıøǿ󡣡
һһֱоڿԼ֪Ļе̫ˡܹӵֶΣǿɵؾʰЩҺ
ϧˣĳͷֱӽɱıҲ޷ӱܡ
ǹǴڵĸûԶͷ˵ĴڡȻвٴ߿ʱԼɱ⣬Ӷõݵİ
Ѫ󷨷ǳȤʦͷ˵Сѣ֪ѪƵģٺ٣ƵԭҰѪ޺Ұ޵ѪȦΪṩѪҺӦþͲ˰ɣûʹãҲûʹáѪ󷨵ûа취ӳ
˳ӣʵѪζȷģǸָ޵ĶСʦҲ֪ǰ֮ˣ֪һЩ£Լ֮أظǰ˵ı硣
ʦѪû˻ǵĻû̫ˣŵüͷɿٴοʵ
ʦ̾εҡԴ˵֪һֱѰһİ취̫ˣҲܵͷһֱҲõĻǹ˳ȥռһЩ˵˻޵Ļǡȥ֪Ҫʲôʱˡ
㻹ʶ࣡
һʦıΥ͵飬ȻԴؽԼΣգֻվҪӦϣֻʱĳ̰ˡ
Сѣ󷨵ҲǺܸˣȻ֪ʦһҪ㡣Ȼʦصʵƺ֮仹Щԥ
һЦͷ˵ʦʣֻҪ֪飬϶ġ
һʦ˫ĿҵؿŵѪ˸ŵĹâ˵ûй˵ĻУȻ˵ʶΪ󷨣ҪĲأ
Щףüͷϸ˼ʦÿһ֣Խ룬ԽǾȣ֪ʦҪʲôˣ
ʦľҪ𣿡һʵ


350 ֵ
ʻʦȻһɫò԰
ԴӼʦûмı֣ȻҲࡣ
ʦ̫Σ˰֮ͬемңȻһϧĸоʦڱħеĻ˵˻Ϊѡ
ʦһԭͰ͵ƤӣԵøϾˣ·һ̨õĻ
þõĳĬ֮ʦǿˣ߸ߵ̧ͷһ˫ǵ۾˸ʹĹâ
СѣȻͬˣҲ׳еĳ԰ɣһȷĳ飬ȥԵĻҲĿİ
ͷһûа취ϵģΪҲһ˰
漴˱뵽˳Ĭ֮У˫۾ǶмǲԾŵѪ󷨣ò

ԼĪһʱʦǵȴ˳ĬļѡѾ̫ΣҪ鷳ˡ
Сѣ֪ܲܰңʦʵ֮ǰûпǹ󷨸֣ɹĿԾҪ̫ˡ
ʶصͷ˵ҰæĻмɰգһ캦ҲȥȥΪһ㻹ҶᱻͷҲʱһ׸ֱˡ
⻰˵еˣֻ²Ż֣ѰȻȶעġҪԼһ̬ȣĳͷǻǵĶȥ
ֻ˵忪ǺǣֱӿɵİգѾˡʦȿ˵֮󣬷ˮƽ±ԼҲͲ˶٣ΨһͬһĴУǺܾԶ֮ǰġ
ʦ϶ĳ壬Ǵ߳ӵܣҪȻܻǿ衣
Щν⣬ʦǺˬʵؿ˵СѵǿԷģʦȻԴ󣬿ɶⶫǷǳηģҲȥ캦ģŵĻҿԸ㷢ġ
ĻᷢĵĻǵûʲôˡ֮˶ԶǼΪӵģ磬øֱӺԣΥش֮󣬽ڼݵʱھͻܵӦ
ԵЦϾʦ󷨵Ĺؼʱܵ˳ͷǵùľȫǵòʧ
ãȻʦôг⣬Ҷ;ˡͷΪص˵Ѿþˣڰæʱһʦͼı϶ֽʦɵġ
ֵʱԱԼ鷳ͬʱܹõĽϾȥһܻΣѪ󷨣˵ҲǺһġ
ãܺãϵܣ̫л˰ȻܴҾռƷ̣һϵ˰ʦЩ˵һ϶Ҫ۾ˡ
ͷܹܵʦ˵ĻϵģûƭĻԵġ
ߣϵܣһûкúõдأʦȻ˵˲㣬ɶٻеƤӵģʦЦ˵Ҫ߲ĻѾ˰ɣ
»صϣ廢˾Ȼ
Ǹڡкʲô
տˣʦͻָԭģֱߺ
ҪЦˣ֮ǰ˵ʱţƺģأǱ˼ֱӺ˵ɶˡ
ʦСĽк𡣡شһ㲻ˬûС
ڲ֪˵־ȻǽһȽϺϺ֡
ԣţ֮ǰ˵ϵܵĻҾϵԭˣҸ㣬ڿʼϵܾҵֵܣ˵ĻҵĻ𣿻УҲ֪ͨһҵĻ⣬׼þƲˣҪϵܺһ𣡡ʦͷ˵·˶һ㡣
һ˲䣬˺ɵˣ廢ɵˣǮ붼ɵˣЩʿѾȥϢˣͬ϶ɵ۵ġ
⵽Ƿʲô飿
Ϊʦȥһ˺ڻصʱͱֵˣⲻڿЦɣ˵ȫģĳࡣ˰ٷ֮һĿ϶ֵܣ
ôʦҪôǶҪôǸͶϡ
鲻һô׵ġ
ûлӦԼĻʦɫһһ˫ϸϸС۾ӲǵɴˣֱӺ˵û𣿡
ˣˣȥ죡ʦͷİɣŵֱһ£æӦƺǺʦǨŭ
ˣʦǸ󷨴ʦȻ˵λȷܸߣûбҪñħԴɣ
ʦħ֮ĹϵӦøǺ˴˶ӶԷõôȫݵת
˵֮󣬸æһˣٴʱˣᱻһ١
廢ﻹͣһҪǸҵ鷳ʦǰ˵һ仰ǸҲᵹùġ
ǮȴûߣһֱɵؿЦЦǽһãǽһԻͰ
ǮȻ֪ţƣ֪ţƵֵزȻôݵʱ͸˹ʦҪţƵʦˡ⵽Ƕô
֪䣬յƵǮ룬ĿԽԽˣҪһĴ
ʦλҵǮ룬ҪǮٵĻǸˡǮģȻЩЦɻҪһѡ
ϾǮܹӸߵλõĻһܹܵôġ
ʦһǮģǳ˵ããСķǳð㣬ϵܻ޷İ
ʦˣСӦõģӦõģǮʱ֪ܳʦ仰֮ڶҲûˡ
˵ܹõһְٰӴһɳء
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ʦҳ˳򣬼ûˣѹ˵ϵܣ֪֪֪֪ͺˣǧҪ˶˵
ʦصģĺĸǿˣصص˵ͷ˵ʦģҶȻִ֪ġ
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۾һص˵ͷֻҪǣ屦ĸ֣Ǿ㹻ҪˡܲеҪԣ
¯屦أ˵ǸĹأѡԼĵط
һǿ壬ǲϲȥ鷳ֻϲԼİռһƬԲַء
֮ǰӴȼôߣûзʲôĳͻʱˣû߼ĴߵϢ
ǳ͵ǲΪǵʵǿ󣬶Ϲŵʱ̫Ű裬綼סˣǸʱűȷչƴһս֮£Ž˻ȥ
˴ǩ˺ƽԼ֮ҲǴǸʱʼĿʼңϵķʡհ
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򵥵˵ѡսĻ罫ȷѪ֮У˭ΪȨߣ˵顣
ڹ¯ΪʲôҪҳΪ屦أǻҪ˵ġǿΪĻǿ죬Ҷ֪ͬȾ֮µǿ߻ǿǿ٣ԭҪ壬ֻﵽһĳ̶֮󣬲Żһ
֮һ㶼û̫ȥԼʵһ㶼Լ壬Ǵ˻һΪʹá
ԣ¯ߵǿʬ壬ΪϵıأܹõһߵʬкֻҪԼ򵥵ļͶ죬ܹΪ˵ķܹһ춯صı
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ʵ̫ǿˣõ˱ȻǺ顣˵ʬкΪɱЩЦġ
ǡһε̫ˣЩɵʵħľݵѾȫһ飬ȻٵĿɽߵľݵ㼸ԺԲˣ
ʦٺٻЦţһ˫ϸϸ۾ֱӶëſ˵˶Ҳûôģ¯ô׽ȥģҪȥǵҪԿף
ԿףѲɽȥԼŰ
⣬ʦ¯ڽʱҪһöĲܹ룬ÿһݲֻܴʮ˽ȥĹ岻ʮݣһͬһֻʬ壡
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ҲǼ飬Ҳǳ𣬱˴Ʊյ
ԵڣַǷҷ·еĶԹΪĺѡ
˸ɢȥʦȥһȫĿͷϢ˵ǱħĴǲʸȥסġ
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ûãǮ˵Ҫϳȥǹ¯ˡ
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ҲЦеؿǮ룬ͷŵװһ飬ЦǺǵ˵Ǯ٣㣬ʲôʵͱܹռȥʮеһ
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Ǯɫͨ죬Ļ˵ķǳԣȥһ׸ʵҵҲǱȽСġͲ֪ȥֻܱɫͨ졣
һ̣ǮһξԼ̫ˣȻ޷
٣֪ˣһġһҪúõһҲڳΪ׸ģǮһ˵֮꣬ȻǴڴڵشϢһǳѵľ
ЦǮļ˵Ҫļǧż߻ħˡİɣȻȥ֮һ㾡ʵġ
Ǯصص˵ͷͮͮٴθֳЦݡ
˱˵ߣѾ˴ߡ
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ףҸʦİţ׼ǵӮ滹һЩЦЦ˵ʦǸǾʲôطͷ
ʦ˼֮󣬱˵߰ɣʮˣá
ۿŽǮ㵽ʮУæڰ֣סʦʦǮ뻹ǲȥ˰ɣʵ̫ˣȥҲǸƿҿǲ绻ҲԶһ
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ʦԼ廢֮⣬һĻˣһǴӶӴľ֮ѡģһǱħ߳ġ
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ʵЩԾģʦԸ϶Ȩģƫƫˡ
һصĶ̫࣬·ϿҪСˡɨһܣһʮˣȫǱħͶӵˣһ˵ȷеƵˡ
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ǹ˰ʱҪ´ʱǸȻˣͬһһ㣬ࡣ
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Ķһž޴ľϣƤһ𣬸޷䱾Ĵڡ
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ʦһЦڰ˵Ҫ£ǸǾ͸ɱҵǺþûгѪζ˰
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ʦǻ뿪ɣΧסˣᵢȥ¯ʱ䡣Ȼӵ֮Ͼ̫ΣˣԷҪʰǣܻܿɳ
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໡
ָҰŭҵĽŲġ
ʦʶԼʲô㵵ؿޱȵ˵ϵܣûڴдãҪȻҲᡭ
εذ˰֣Ŀ⿴˺һ϶ЩΣյĵطߣӦԵİ취϶ҪһЩ˵ˣֻǸӵԱûбҪؽǵԼϡ
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Цһؼ۾ȷ㲻٣ɵؼƤҲЩʩģ˵Ҫ۾治Ǽ׵顣
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󷽣һȺ޿ٳԽԽˣѾ뵽޵İΧȦС
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ʦȻûʮ˾Ҫӳʮ˵ȻλܸߣҲһԿŲǡ
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Ԫ죡飡أ𣡡ʦɫöׯޱȣһ˫ϸϸ۾ɵϴƺҪһ㡣
ˡ
ԲڵĿռ俪ʼ΢ز֮ʼľۼ˹Ũ·Ҫмʦɵһ롣
һܵӿڱ֮뵽ڵٵطֽųڡЩֻлûкôѾתܡ
ۿԽԽ࣬ʦһ仯Це˵󣬳ɣ
һ˲ʧ٣·ʲôûзһ㡣


354 󷨱
ʦʩչ󷨵ֶˮûʲôͣٱɣҪ󷨳ɹ֮󣬾Ȼܹʧزһ˿ۼ
ʶ̽һ£Щ֮˴࿴Ļܹͬʵʵվ޷ܴ˵󷨡
ʦǺֶΰѣϿҵ̾ʦȻһЩȷЩֶεġ
˭룬ʦȻڰ֣˵ϵܣҲ˵ңı¿ɲҵĲɣĻѵãҵǲıһΣ
ԣ󷨽б
ǺһЦͷǲԸɨʦ£ãȻʦȺΧ֮жܹˣҶȻǷ㵽˰ֻǻʦ鰡
ϵ̫˼ˣӦİɣʦˬʵЦͺϲϾҶ֮ͬˡ
ʦ󷨣֮󣬿ǲǺԶ˵Ⱥ˵ʦһ󷨣Ҷһ󷨰ɣһһأҲ໥ˡ
ãϵ룡ʦ޵Ա
ͷһ󷨣ȿԪķӳܹԼ󷨹õ޶ȵķӡ
ףڤˮۣˮΪΪУˮ𣡡˫ֿٵؽӡҲóʲôֻۣһվؼٴηľۼ
ʦʩչͬۼѸݣ·һˮһ㡣
龰ʦԾŴͣѹûмֻõĴйżϱ߰ˡ
ľ̫ˣȻѾΪۣƾվܹۼĳ̶ˣ
ϵܣҳԾѣʦҡͷվЩСˡ
΢΢һЦҲ˵ʩչ󷨵Ĺؼʱ̣˵ûʲôô
˫ӡ仯һޱȵ˳ȥ뵽Ԫ֮УʧӰ١
ʦ˫ۣϸϸظԪı仯û˿ıԪ֮£ȻϢر㽫У󷨵ʩչߵĻ޷
Ȼ
ɢɢɣͺȵÿһ³·Ҫһ㡣
һ֮³һϢǵЦݸֳ
ʦ󷨻Ҫ󷨲ܹγɣ㲻ҪⰡЦǺǵ˵󷨿ԭڹǱһݣֻҪţ֮У޵Ĺȥ
ʦޱȣûлعĻ֮ŵͷ˵ϵܣ㣬Ҫǿ̫˰һķˣ
ʦ̬ȣЩЦˣǾ˽磬磬ϴܹ֮ӵĳ̶ȣҪȻҲǵˮƽ
ʦֻɶѣ󷨲Ǹû󷨣ҵ󷨶ܹסһڶ֮ͱҪ·ˡʵʵ˵ҲǲСһʦƥ
ʦǺһЦжʱܶˣѾ͵ڵʱͷĻ϶Ҫϥ̸쳤ؾá
ˣϵܣҲҪ໥ˣɣЩѾˣһвٵĲϿռ˰ʦƺӦ໥ĸоЦе˵Ѿ䵽˳Щϡ
һЦһǼ˵˻˵ûʲô̫ĸо
໡
ǰѾʦˣʱ˷ܵŭǲǴԴͲ֪ʦѾú󷨵ȴǣЩڲˣأ
汻𶯵Ľ೾ͷСʯ鶼ڵϹ
ҡҡͷЩ޾ȥҲôżɡ
ˣЧôʦڴ˵ôһ䣬͵ϸϸ۾۾ؿš
أ
һֻ޺ݺݵײ֮ϣ·ײƾճֵһǽһ㣬˶Ӳͣ޵ıӱײѪͬˮһʳ
û޷Ӧ΢΢һâޱǱһУĻȼû㽫ճ˷ĩ
޵ʱ򶼲֪ʲôȥʱɡ
һͷһͷ޺ݺݵײ֮ϣַ·Ǽײʯͷһ׷ױ˺ʬ߱ı񣬳ʧȥ
ǰ޻ʬ壬ߵޱܵĲһֿ־֮飬ҪֹͣȴԼ޷ֹͣǽŲͣˣĻͬὫԼײǰȥ
ǰߵҪܣߵҪǰ壬ԭĶ˲ˣûзӳκսʱ򣬱󷨵Ʒ
ǰʬԽԽ࣬󷽵ĺԳڷ˲ףŭһ㽫еͣ
ŭţţһ˫˫ŭѪ۾ﵹӳʦ˵Ӱ
ЧЦǺǵ˵󷨽֮ЧǷǳġ
ʦüͷ΢΢ţĥ˰֮ſ˵󷨻ЩȱݵġҵķԵʱû⣬һϵسͻˡţҪĽϵܵĹ󷨺ǿ󣬾Ȼܹˮ𹥻ǵһУͬʱУ
ڰ֣ǫ˵ʦɲҪǫˣûι̲ɹƵķ󷨣Ҳûа취ġ
˽һ¶󷨸ĽϵȻڶ̶̵ĶԻУҳ󷨵ĸĽ
ʦֽи죬ܿ󷨵Ϣø·ʹضϵ
ǽˮ𹥻ķʽһЩССĸĽһ󣬼ӿٶȣһ޵ĳҲ̫ˡ
˸ոæ꣬ǱߵĺԳŭһȻǷ˹
һĻ˶һۣͬʱҡͷЦˣԳʵǿվ̲õģȻ㹻ʱ󷨣ⲻɵΪʲô
ˣ
ٴβ񱩵ŭѹ֮õ˸õͷţһɾϢȺڱ
úãֵܹʲôʱ򣡡ʦһȻֱӴ߷󷨣ǽս
顭
ײٴһֻֻͬһ㣬Ĺϵس󷨣ȴֻܱһĨѪɥʧ
ǰһ㣬ĵȻһĨġ
ЩˣͲʲôŮôᱻľأ
üͷ΢΢ţһά󷨽йһ߿ʼ˼δľϵ⡣
ͬʱĺ廢ѾǵؼȻˣ


355 һ
ؼǿǿó˵Ԥϡ
Ӵÿÿһ¶ĵѣϢһ嶼վ
廢ǣƵؼ棬ΪʼձԷעֻܸĹõؼԽԽޡ
ΧĳߣֻҪץס˻Ȼ֣ڵؼ滹ûзӦʱһһĿֲ˿ڡ
һССĶ̽󣬿һȻܹڼϱһɳĽâݺݵĴ뵽ؼߡ
ʼʱùĹֻڵؼһ㲻ʹ˿ڣҲżÿһνڵؼ˿ڡȵڶιʱ򣬾ͻصЩ˿Ͻжι
еʱ˿ڱչˣеʱֻǸ˿Ϊص㡣
ΪҪЩ˿ʳѪҺǺɫģǺںɫĶ̽ϱ߾ȻͿ˶ҩ
ٺ٣ؼ棬жôǿҵľ綾ǰһ͸һºɫĶ̽ѪĹâ
ѾܾûдôˬˣȻܹл뼸Ҫ˵ĵؼսһܹĶҺ䶾øˡ
Ĺϣڼϵؼ沢ߵ̣һĹ֮£ؼԽԽˡ
ɨһۣڷ˵ؼ֮󣬰һͬʱҲǶһģԺǺԾʱǧǲܹö̽ģϱߵĶطǳֲǰӴ޶ܹ㶨ԸҲ̫ࡣ
ĵؼ潥Ҫ군ˣǰһ޳Ǻܿ͹۵ġ
Գŭ죬ʱʱػӵϰһÿþ޴ľ߽ʵʯͷʦ
¡¡ı˿ûʲôãòӣʱûǰ徢
һһո֮ˣԳ󷨵⻹ǲٵģ֪ЩʵСڻģʦĵĲʱ򣬱նɱ
ϧ˵ʦ˵ܹάֵʱǳã˵㹻Ĺ˲伯ĻǲƵġ
ʦ֪ƶʲôȻ˵ɱ޹øԼ鷳
ЩȻ࣬Ҳеһ֣һҪɱ̫ˣ˵û鷳
ʦȻ֪ƶ󷨣ʻЦٺٵ˵ϵܣǹİȻƶ󷨶֪һΪ˼˾û֪أôҪȻһΣ
ðɱЩʵС޸ûʲô˼ߵİͷؼʰĲˣҲץʱ佫Գ㶨ǣڳһĵģЦе˵
ʦһĴȣ˵;û˼ˣǾţ
ţͬʱ󷨣̶ƾŵǰƶ˿
໡
һΧâ˸֮ǰ󷨷ʱģȻӲã㶫ֱܹİ
ǰߵ޷׷ŭʧرȥ¾װ׵͵Լ
Գۿûа취ˣֻܵͺһ˶ǰһ˫ȭͷһصشԼؿڣͬ޹İ졣
úãҾתͷأһЦԳϵɱǳŨڼƢĺܣƽ϶ûɱɵҲһ
ϵܣ߶ʣµĹ㽻˰ɣ˵ʵһûмʶÿƶսģҿ۰ɡʦ˵ϵĿʧ࣬Ͼˮ׼ԶԶǱֳô࣬һ̶ˮ˭֪жô
д⣬ͷǴӦ˳˷ƶĿȨϾĹֶζҪŷ󷨵ƶģûƶȨʩչܵơ
ԳһҪúõһ±Ŀ֣һ¶һĨЦݡ
ԳƺǸܵƣŭһ˳ֱ㽫һԵһô˹һ
¡һըǰɵľϣ
⻪΢΢תһ£ɵؽǹ˿֮ǰô޳󷨶û⣬ֻԳһԿȻ
໡
ԳһŭɺӳӰڼŴˣһŨʼۡ
ҲżҪԪķжô󣬱ǺԳʩչ
ܿ죬һųɫĹâںԳγɣŻмɫĹâ˸ţƺ˼֡
ɣɣϣ㲻ҪʧٺЦ˵һ˿ȣΪһĴʦĻᣬǱֳˡ
ͣͣ
ڼٵѹţȴ緢ʱ̡
ڣѹƵ˼ʱǳűݺݵ
̶ķΪȶЩŤ˵Ŀռ䣬صһҵ˷֮ϡ
Ȼ·˳ᢵĽһ㡣
¡¡
ҵıը̳ɢŨɢسţɢΧһ
Գҽţ˫ֲϵشؿڣһ͵ĹǲҲóɸзˣ
˭룬̳ɢȥʦȻޱȵվϾǹһĨЦݡ
ʦԪķǹǿģѰԵ˵ʦ󷨷ѾԤڡ
ǳɫŴ֮󣬾Ȼǲһ£û˶ʦҲǸ˲ţײ˲㽫ʵڵϣһɢ֮ЩǿĹӵ뿪󷨡
Ҳ˵ֻڳײ˲ܵӰ죬һסˣԺû˿⡣
ϵܣ±߿ˡʦЦе˵β뱧̽˼
ͷĿ⽥뵽һķԭĻϽһ¸ƣܹõЧ
ۣϣֳӡڵͬһ޵׶Χ
۶ȸڷϣȴǲżй
ӣбɣ㻹ʲô£
ͻȻһǷǳȵȻƿڴǼֱߵøˡ
Գһ㶣Ȼ壬ȻܹöĻֻ˵ˡ
ԼղŵĹûȡʲôõЧﻹ᲻ŭ
໵һҺ֮󣬺ԳҲԶ̹ˣȣس˹
ǼƣƺҪһ󷨸ҳһ


356 ˣ
ڳĺԳǺЦһ˫۾ȴϬޱȡ
Ųæ΢΢һ̺󷨱ǷֳһâźԳȥ
ԳޣڻϤˣ֮β˽ǹ
һâ˺Գϣ˽ЩĻ֮⣬ûκá
໣
Գ׵طŭˣΪȻڶ
ԼǸԵޣƫƫñ˪ҲͰˣˮˣеá
ƾԳǼ򵥵ĴԣܹĳĽֻôһˡˣ
ͬɽһķŭڱ֮󱬷Գ˫۹â磬·ƹһ㡣
һЦҪЧֻг׵ؽһŭˣܹõ뷨
顭
Գ֮ǰع󷨣һعͣЪؽ󶼹⻪䡣
ʦȵؿȻǵޱȣƺ˳
˼һʦʲôȵĿתǳ͵ͬʱضڴ
Գŭˣǧ֮󣬾ȻͣЪһȭϵشţ󷨣ѾԽ󷨴ñˡ
Ȼûżһ˫۾ᶨޱȵؿȻڷŰ
ϵܣ˰ɣٶ˿ɳܲסʦܵԽԽ󷨸Ҫ˱ıԵ֮󣬻ûа취ֻܿѯʵ
һЦȻż˵ʦġ
ģĸëʦ̲סһ䣬ɿôŵķݶϣҲֻʵʵؿʩչˡ
˵ʵҪµĳԣЧô
ʦȻ֪ԼΪʲôû֮дĽչˣȻǣСˣСˣû˵ĳ徢
ֻˣг޵Ļͷܶ飬ܹɾ͡
ϵܣǸŰʦٴθпű㰲صȴˣܵϢĸȾҲƽ
վ֮Уͬһ˱ǹͦ
գȻһͬڶըһ㣬û׼ʦһ
ʦüͷֱæһ˺һٴܵǣ
󷨱Եϵ·յٻһ㣬ڵĴš
ԳðһĨ֮ɫҪʲôռͷųʲôô
ֻͣһǿ޷ܵĹʾ
ǰ۳ֱͣ΢ת֮Ӵɢ֮С
ˣ
Եز£ɫâϢӴǺԳŵȥһ
ȥ΢΢죬³ôһ
󷨲һ£ĹâԽˡ
ֱۣؿŵȴţʶһֱǺԳܵٿ죬ҲͬᱻĹ׽
ͣȣ
ѵһһĹŷźԳ˹ȥ
¡¡
񱩵Ĺκ棬Ϊղŷ󷨱ôұһ㡣
֮Уʦ϶Цݣ
ϵܣǸţϸķˣʦٴοˣѾ֪Լ˵ٴţƺֲֻܹ顣
ͬˣһЦ˵ʦˣ˵໥Ľ
ʦͷĿٴοǸ̳˵ĺԳ
̳ɢһ޴ĿӶ¶
ȼ֮ĻҽƮţԱ߾Ȼеĺӣ˵һ졣
ڿӶ֮УһӴӰſţֻؿʱʱܹ֪û
ԳǱſţϵǶ˺ۣԭ۵Ƥëһúģһűӡ
Ǻǣܵֻǲ֪ûСЦǺǵ˵ûкķѶʰԳǳá
ʦһһ˫ϸϸ۾߾ȻðЩ̰ĹâϵܣɲҪ˺Գ۾֫ǷǳõĲϰܹúõһ£ܹõһ߰
ûʲôȤϲ󷨵ʱʹã߾ٵʹߣһԸ⡣
ʦ㣬Ƕûʲôôһƣ㲻˵ˡ΢΢üͷ˼Ÿղŵ󷨸Ķǲǻʲôͷĵط
ʦ˵ĺܣֱֳ󷨣첽ڵϼû˶ĺԳ
ã̫˰Գҵ󷨾ܹˣֻǿϧ˺ԳѾĻǵǸѡ񡣡ʦϲ̵˺ԳԣСɵںԳԱ߾һڴһ
ʦ˴ƣӴָͳһֻС۳̵ذףذϺ˸һǸë̷ĺõ
ٺٺ٣ɣҰʬ巢ʣֵɣԺ϶ܹµģʦٺٵЦţ˵
ʦҪµӵ˲䣬һֻſŵĺԳȴ˲䶯ˣ
ҲʱĿ⿴ʦ֪Գû˸ῴʦʵҲ
ѽѽȻûܣŶûУʦȵشУһ£ֺԳҪܣóѣֳȥˡ
һΣʦû󷨣սǱذףһԾڿ񱼵ĺԳĺϡ
ԳĿֻţһϢѾĺˣֻҪʱôǰ;񡭡
꣡
ʦһȵ뵽˺Գĺϣŵŭȣһ۵Ĺ⻪˸Ѿ뵽ϵذӲǰչһһɳĵâ
âǳɵر㴩͸˺Գĺ󱳣ǰȫش͸˳ѵһ
¡һԳصˤڵϣԴһᣬ׵ضϢ
ʦһЦźԳʬ壬©˵ߣСȻҪӱʦֵܣȥɣ
ǰʦΪλĲţ˼汾µģ
ʦǳ߳ҲͲôһ㣬˼ҹһɵĴУŲ󷨵ͣûʲôĴУѧӶģоԼоġ
ʦز©ŶԣӦһֱûʲô¶ĻɣԺ󻹵ö೤ۡѾ˾ʦı²СԺעһĻ㲻ûĵ
ҺôҺãֵһ˴˾أ浽¶ϣʦƢԼıµӵģ
ͻΪڵϵĺԳĿ


357 ˮ
ʦ˫ַǳذָͬһ㰴뷨ϵشӺԳʬϷָһЩϡ
ôѪȵһĻûʲôȤתͷȥѾתأǽӽβĴսؼ档
ؼҽϵ˿ѪҺѾīɫƶͬǺ˾һ
ʱ廢ҲǱֱӶֱޱȵؼս
ˣǰվߣïܵĴ֣ڷʲô˻ͻȻϮ
ûһʱ䣬ؼصڵϷ׵죬Ҳߵ˾ͷ
ӵؼԴִ·ϳһƬزŲûմȾѪҺĶ̽ƺϱʲôණһ㡣
İϸڼнˡ
ûһʦҲصߣϵıеģȻһոճ˶ٱ
ͷһǺԳڣȻݵĺԳһ޴ĹǼ֮⣬ȻûʣʲôǹǼҲЩûôˣȽĵطҲʦһԶظѰ˸顣
ʦȷǺֶΰôһͷԳȻʣô㶫˴ĴָʦΪȻ
˭룬ʦЦе˵ϵܣƵҪܶѪ⣬ԳոȥѪܲ˷˰ɣ
һҲǣŪȥ޵ʬѪ⣬ܱһȥкҪõĶࡣ
ҲˣǼ߰ɡٱʲô޸Χˣ鷳ˡЩǣôʱ䣬Ϊʲôûǿ٣ѵǶͷڵ
²ǵģ
ʦһܣȻûмһͷǻɫһ䣬źӻ˵𣬻жٰȫʱ䣿Ҫʰͷؼ档
ĿһɫЩѿ۾˵ʦΪȫʱֻһˡǿ߸ƺ٣
üͷһʶɢһ֮̽ȴûзνǿ
ڿǺϲûʲôѵĺۼΪЩֶΰɡ
ʦͷָǵؼʬ˵ʰһģҰѵؼʰˣһʱ㹻ˣòˣһκˬ죬׬ˣ
˵꣬ʦһ˵ؼߣذٴγ֣ˢˢˢͬҶţѸٵؽؼֽ˿
ƲƲͣûʲôˡ
˫΢΢һôĶˣԶԶȥղź˵ڿٵĽӽûв˵ģǼٵģյ˵Ӧ˵ѻ
û˵ѻΪǿʶȴûзĺۼأ
ʶٴɢ˳ΧսϢŵֻ֪ڳѨﲻҳķݿһЩܷɳȥûʲôֵ
ݵٶȺܿ죬ʱ󣬽˷ݵ壬ڷèڡ
ȷָǴ˷ڳֻǵɢһ㵭ɫâƺǷʲôҩ
ɫâֿͲڣʶɨĻһֻͨҰޡ
ʶٴɨȥʱЩɫĹâȻǿΪ׵һֻ޺Ȼͺһ
һ˲䣬е޶ֹͣ˶ֱſڵͬʬһ㣡
ʶɨ뵽˻֮еȻᱻˣ
ǺֶΰɫĹâأֻеȿ˲ŻᱻְɡǸʱѾˣ뵽ɫĹâǲ˲СȤ
ѾŪԭջʶصȴš
һĴˡ
һ㲻ʦˣٴ·
һΣӴָͳһСƿӣ߸ߵſȻһָǵˡ
÷ĩ䵽ϣϢоûʲôˡǵһ֪Ķ
ֶԸ˵ûʲôôɶЩΪߵĵͽ˵ȴзǳԻԣ˵Ǵߣߵѡ
ɷĩƮϣ΢һ̽ԼȻһֻӵϢпЦһոˣ˺ӣԼ͵ñɺ
ֱڿնڿһƬ̺󣬲䵽ϼǰС
һֽ΢ĸı䣬֪Ϊ˶׷ɱΪ˸ȥǹ¯
һ·СĵĹ۲ܵЩȻԭ·ǰ֮󣬱㰲ĵ󷨡
֮ǰʦһʩչ󷨵ʱ뷨ûʹãʰǺԳֶαвٿĵطԺսʱǰú󷨵Ǹѡ
Ͼ󷨻ϲҪͷֻҪˣǽʡܵĺ÷
ѡķǾԶģǰ׷ɱʵҲֻһ۷壬Ǹ۷塣
ıôĽ۷ΧˣڼôһѵĽ𵤸֣ʦʩչǿҲֻܱطˡ
ǻܹסס֮أǸ޷뿪Σձ鲼ĻĹŴɽȴǵֻԽԽ࣬ʵԽԽǿ壡
˴Լһʱ䣬˵ǰһĺˮܲɲ⡣
Աߵʯͣһʦ˵ʦҪίһˣǱҪºˡ
ʲôºӣֲ̫Ծ͹ȥ˰ΪʲôҪºӣʦ˵ҲЩ⡣
˵ҪϵϢĻǵǼ򵥵Ķֱ࣬һܹˡ
ºӣʲôԭ
֪ʦʣҪȻҲϻֱˡ
ʦ˷׷ӷǳǴӺӵǰеĻкܴĻܹܵǰ½ض֣ԣֻίһˡһ֮ʦɫȻôÿɻѡͬ⡣
ȻǺһˣˮ֮󣬾ȻҲû壬ֱñĺˮʪ͸塣
ǲܶκᱻ˷ֵģٴοڣʦɫֱӾͺˡ
ʦҪѾԭЦǺǵȰ˵ʦ˵ûдӵȥܹܿġ
ʦϣûзˣͷ˵ðɣȻϵܶ˵ˣҲûʲôˡ߰ɣ뿪ĵط
ЦЦҲû˵ʲôˣһ˺ӡ
ˮ̹ǣֲܷתȥֻӲسˡ
ôҶ֮ˣںӵ±춼û⣬ʵڼֲסתһ±ûˡ
һ˳뵽˺ӵ֮Уźӵ׵࣬ٶȻ˳źˮķǰС
Щ׷֣Ҳˡ


358 
顭
ӵ£ĺˮţƵ
ÿһ˶һ˷߲Ǹ֣˼ҵĵ̾͵ʵʵӣӵľ͵ӣǱӵ׵ʱ͵ǱӵףͲܹһԹԡһԹˣҲû˻ȥ
Щ˵УʦɫѿģôĶûб˸ȳģЩ͵屻̹ǵĺˮ̼ŶʱԵԽСˡ
ע⣬Ҫ֮Уºۼġٴð˳ԵؿߵʦȭͷҪˡ
ЦһʦЦЦԼȸŲǲˮǰߡ
ʱӵ׻ǵˮ˲١
ǰԼĪаʱ䣬ͣסӣ˷׷أҪ˶뵽֮С
û˿ԥرУֻ¶һԴؿϷ廢źһ仰Ҳû˵ͬ˽ȥ˸û
ˮߵľֻʦˣʶʦϵʦҲȥɣҪΪһС鷳ǵʵȻǿ󣬿ǻĹŴɽǵĵ̰
ʦҪ˵ʲôȴǿ˰֣˲佫嶼û뵽֮СݣֱԴû¶
ʦһȻʣԼˡ
ʱ򣬺һֻ֣ǰָָ
̧ͷһƣʦɫ˲ѿһƬѹѹĶڿٵǰСʦ붼ܹ֪Щ϶Ƕ½ضˣ²ڵʱ䣬һӾͳ뵽֮С
ɾĶ˶̲ס̾һ䡪װ˰
ʮ˰ض֮УȴͷһȺ޺¡¡طɱȥ

ģˮϽһˮһͷϲˮ˴֮Уš
ͷ޿ٵǱţܿҪ׶ˣʱȻԴðߵ˷׷׳֮Уúõڲ
ˮУͷ֮໥ϷţƺͲǳ׷ɱġ
һ󲨶ͷԶԶȥˣʱ˲ŸðԴ
ȴ޶Զȥˣһʮ³ˮУǰٵȥ
ʦһ㽫ϵ඼ɾǼ۵ССϺֱȥǣ׽ƺܹͷų
𣡻жܵʦʵѾЩ겻ˡ
һʱЦɻʵʵ˵ʦ˳ӵķǰУܹˣֻֻںӵʵʵشţᱻϱߵ޸ˡ
˼ǣҪһֱ²˶԰ɣʦǲˬʵɫҪһ㡣
ʦҪżǿ˹¯ʱ򣬱Գȥˣƾǵٶò˶õġֻȰ˵һ˵ʵѾëҪʦ˸Ѫͷ
ʦ⻰ŰһЩ˳źˮǰȥ
ĹŴɽĵ̣ˮ֮ͬٲǿޡ
ǵһ·ϾȻûʲôǿĴڣв۵Сආ鷳һ˸͸ʬ壬ʧӰ١
ЩΧ׷½صǣһֱʱûзʮ˵ټŭޱȵͬʱֻܹѰһʱ·
ɫغѰһˮ׶Ѩ֮ŵõ˻úϢһ
ʦĵʪ·Ūɾˣһƨ˵ǲˬ
ǿⶴѨǽڣϱԼһЩ⹴ϵĺۼ
ۼǼ򵥣ֻƽĺһһͼͼǳ죬ƺûʲô壬ֿĳ顣
ϵָܶȤȥʦǽڿû꣬ɨһ֮ʵ
üͷһתӣ˵ʦ˵֣ϱ˵ʲô˼
֮ǰ˵֣һֱûмҪȻҲֻһЩ̻ˡ
ʦֿһۣ۾ĥһ£˵ϱ˵һˮдĶѨʵôôǿﵽʲôĸ߶֮ģûʲôô
ͷЩûʲôȤֻڼһλϵһһֻ޵ķеȤ
ʦ̸ֽܰԺ˵ܹһתƣǿ˵
ʦԥûУֱָ˶ͷϣܿһŰɫĹ⻪˸ǹŶ˵ϵܣԼɣҪϢһˣղŵˮʵܲˡ
õģǾллʦ˰΢΢ȭ˼ܹϡȱĶ̸ԼӵǲСˡ
ǹ뵽Ժ֮Уûзʲôֽ֮󣬲ѧϰ
۾һһѾѧ֡
ٴοǽڣϱߵݸʦ˵û˿𣬶ûôĸ蹦̵µĶֻһŵ˼Щ⣬һ⡱˼
⣿
ѵ˵֮ѾʵǿĴڿĴڣѰʲôܣ
üͷʶؾۼҡҡͷⶫǳأҲǳ׽ָĻ˿϶ܻ֪ġ
ôſˡ
Ҳ벻ŵ˼㲻ٶ룬ѰһĵطϢ
һϢһҹȵɫ˵ʱ򣬺Žˣ̡
ʦ¯ѾԶˣǿԲںӵнˡϴһεЦ˵֮һչ˺ʦҾܵҪڵʵΰ
ʦһȻû˵ֱӴ߶ԼһԶˮ档
һҲ˵ʲô׷׸뿪˴ӡ
վ˼Ӳϣ÷βĸоһ˵ĸоˡ
ⱲӣҶºˮˣʦˬ˵ƺϻһ㣬ֱһϵ·Ƭֻһɾ·
һ׼ںĴ£˽ŻûȫɫŹ¯ڼǰС
һʱļٱۺ󣬺Ҳһգֱ굽һƬС֮С
ְһ򵥵ĸ󷨣˵ǰʮﴦǹ¯ڣڻ˽ͲҪֱӹȥ˰ɡ
˷׷׵ͷʲô֪óȻǰȥȴǵһȺ۷޵ӡ
ˣȥ̽ɣ㡣ʦػ˻֣һֽõɢȥԼóһȼܸߵ󷨡
һСֶ࣬Լ֮ڡ
Ϊ⣬ղŵֻϰԵĶʦǰȷЩŪˡ
ȥˣ˵һӱʧǰ
˳ź뿪ķȥһɽŻ棬ƺڵȴʵѪһ̺òˡ


359 ħɽ
һȥ֪ʱ䣬֮
»ûȺƨɣʦߣӴֱָͳһСɾµӣߡ
֮һֻƺװζѵɾƣֻѡ
ʦֻϣʾ˵ʱ仹磬ѹ¯ʱɽᱬһµģȳΡ
ȻʦˣҾ͹˰һЦĺһڡ
ʵٻȾƵģϲȲ裬ںȲʱܹ˾˼顣
ʦ洢ɾƵȷζѣ֮󻹻вٵĺô
˺˼֮ʵʦɽƺôͨ
Ȼ֪ɽʲô𣿺ٺ٣ħɽôֺ˰ɣˣ㵽ǱߵʱΪʲôħɽˡʦ۾һᵽħɽʱһ˿˷ܡ
һ˼˵ħɽͦģѵһħĻɽ
ħɽڵʱˣ˵ʼʱħɽֻĹŴɽʬ߿Ҫ˵ɱĵطҽ¶ȷǳߣؼǳص𣬽ȥ֮ϾûвᱻȼճΪĩġʦƺǻһ㣬оžѣһߺţһ˵
ţħɽĸоأƺʲô󱦱š
ʦһӽһѺ˸ɸɾ˵ϵܣħɽ֪ΪʲôһΣһαʵ̫ˣ˵ĹŴɽΪһ𺣣ߡ
ȻأӦĴܳ˰ɣҪȻĹŴɽѾΪ˷档˳²²һ䣬ĿԷǳߡ
ɲôţʱǿֱͦħɽħɽƺһ㣬ϵ緢ҽܡҲѰϵضħɽҽѹ˻ȥʩչһ󷨽ҽ
ʦ˵̲ס̾ѣֺһھƣ˵ֻģħɽƺǷһ㣬ͷųҽܶˡ֮£ֻͶڻɽУв֪ʲôĴڲһ˳ˡħɽҲͣһЩ֮ܳѾһϢۿžҪȥˡ
Ǿ۾һ˫۾ضʦʦֿʵȻأ
Ȼ󣿹Ȼܾˣֻ֮ǰ˵ҪʬͶ뵽ɽУܹƽϢħɽŭˡʦһЦ˵һԾĻ
ԶðŹŨ̵ħɽһ˵ܿģҪȻħɽҲ㰲ġ
ҪԽǿħɽԽǾһǿڻɽ֮£ֻǲ֪ʲôˡ
ϵܣҲżõġҫɽÿһʱŻ緢һΣÿһ緢ǹ¯ʱҲǳʱȥǲܹõһЩСʦƺе㵣ģ㿪ڽ
ͷ˵ʦƽϢħɽ֮أħɽͳķسˣ
ɣҲô˵ҲȫǷسΪħɽ֮һƬطѳĸ¿ճȥڵʣʱøǿҪȻҲô̵ʱڱָԪģҪ֪ǳսǼΪҵİʦѧţ鼮ǣ֪ĶȻҲҪˡ
ǰľƱĺһڣ˵ò˶ʱ䣬Ǳܹ֪˭ӵĹ˰ɣ
ûھħɽ緢Լһ죬ǵʱ㹻࣬ƾҵʵֻҪԼ¶ûмܹǵĴڡ˵Ҳһˡʦ˵˽ⲻٵĻҲỳһžǴġ
֪һλмİȻܸȤˣǿߵĻ˼ˡ
ʦڰָָ֣ħɽ˵ҵõϢһӵйֻĸǺԨ۹һһݣˮ۹֪ҲŪһݣһݵǲ֪˭Ūȥˣֻ֪һȺǳصļһܿǾܼˡ
ͷԨ۹ͺˮ۹ɶĴ˰һЩǲѡ񣬷ʱ׼˻˵ͺá
˹ռƣò⣬ھڻĹŴɽ֮У˼ҵĵ˼ϵĶҪ˵˼û򲻿ܵġ
ʦЦˬʵЦ·Цһ㡣
ʦһڽеɾƺȵָû棬˵ϵ㲻ҪˣҲ̫ƽҲ໥ģͬƽġ
ðɣǾͿԻˮˣʦǺü㰡һЦ¶һҶ˵ı顣
ʦڰ֣˵һεӮ治ǺܴҲ֪֮ǲôϲģǺҲû˼Ǳߺʵ⡣
ʱҰɣҵʱʹңֻҪˣҾͶлˡһЦ˵鲻ϲ
ʦÿɷ񣬿˵ϵܣо仰ҾñҪ㡣ħɽ֮еΣʵ̫ˣµĻ壬֮ͬս⣬µħɽ֮еĴ˵
˵˵пµĵûʲô⣬⴫˵ѵܹӰ쵽ڵĻˣ
⣬ȴʦĻش
ϵܣɱţҪ֪˵ǰι¯ʱ򣬶һصӰӳ֣ÿһγֵʱ򶼻һЩ˵ЩʱĿʲôֲ顣ʦѹֻ˵
һ²ǿѨ簡˵ĻĶڡ
ǡ᲻ܵĻǻûüͷĿ˵˳
Ͼʱ߾ˣҲ׵ǻһ˿һʶȴŸĻᡣѰͶ̥תһֱӶᣬƱ˵
ֻܶ࣬νӰЩͷˡ
˭֪ΪӰӵûлģЩϢˣҲ˵ۿԼͬ鱻ˣ˵ЩϢ֮󲻳ʱھͻе߲ĹŴɽʦٴο˵Խ˵Խˡ
֨֨
ģߴһ΢̽ĺˡ


360 㲻У
ʶһɨȷ˺֮ʦſ󷨵һǣú˽
ȵſһǱ
ϵĺɫѾи˼Σ첲ϸһ˿ڣǱʲô޵צӸץƵġ
Ƥ֮⣬ûںϷ⡣
ǡʦüͷһšЩĵʵڻǹ¯ʱôͱˣ˷˵ĻǶ˵һԵĴ
ڹ¯֮ǰغԼҪ飬һ˱¶˳ֱڰ˸ˣô϶¶֮ҵ鷳ġ
һ¶֮õѡǿ뿪Ҫڲμӹ¯ıᣬǾ͵ϵ鷳ɣ
һӴָͳһֱϣһĴ±߳˳־Ͷڵϡ
ʱ򣬺ſڣõͳдŷŭ˵ҳȥ֮һֱСĵţȿҪħɽʱһСıˡһĶ˴ֱˣΪֹħɽȥȾָ¯ĹŴɽ֮еǿ޶ٻ˹
µؿһǹ¯Ž˵¯ǱȫޣһһγһɵǽӽħɽĻǾֻǳ޵ķȥһ˷̫ʵǽȥҲʲôջ񡣡
ôֵģʵӦòôױֵİɣǳ棬㽫˵˳
ҡҡͷε˵޵ڷзţ̾ᣬҾһ취ӵȥܲҵһͨħɽĵص
۾һ⵹Ǹ÷彫նػӵ½Ϊʵķˡ
ζû뵽徹Ȼз棡ЩͲʵǿȴǳĶһʲô𶯺ͻӽˣܹһ˲Ȼ󷢳ε˵ضһˣۿѾͨɵǽȴǱһССĳӸ˺¡
һ΢ƽһ£Щֵ̿˵ұˣɿʼʱҲ֪ԼѾ˻ǰţҪǰоͷ𶯵ƵʲԣѾزˣ
ʱۼɾˣɫһ뵽һΣյĿܡ
ͷһۣȻˬɻǿʵ˵ˣȥһȦǱòųġ
Щģ鵹ḻģµ黹е㿼ǲܡҪǻ϶óȻؾȥڵطȴһʱ䣬ܲһȥ顣
ʶ͸󷨣Χκοɲ˵ĵطһ飬ûзʲôΣյĴڡ
ûб˳֣廢еĴϻ̲סˣֱӿʵ廢ĸ˵Ƣôãϲȴ֡
ҡҡͷһγȥ˵ûʲôôģпѾ¶λá
ʦ֮󣬱˫֣ϸϸ۾ԶԶؿħɽƺ˳˼֮С
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ܵͷһʼվеʲô⣬ڲűεץסˡ
ӵǺ𣬿ɺȴһֱѯʦǶǳ𾴣ʱʱضҪöԷʲôģʵأ
һ˵ĻƺҲܹ͵
ǱƵ̨ǰĿܣĻָ߾ʦ
ʦ·ˣת˫˸ž⣬ֱ˵ǻҪϢһ˳ȥ̽ɣֻһҪССĵģ
۸һǱҪһ˳ȥ̽ģҪȻǾڵ˼ſڵϹӣ֪ʲôʱͻõ˸ˣȻǻøмѵظ˼Ǯ
ѵʦڼװ𣿸оеֵֹİ̲סʦһжΨһǿ˵ĹȥĹϵڼٵؿ
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ʦҵˮƽҿ޷ٳȥˡʦĻЩˣĲȥˣ㲻һͻᱻ޸ɵˡ
кܺõǰ;
ʦĿ⿴ˣÿһ˶ǲصԴҶԸȥ
գĿ䵽ϡ
ܿ죬ʦͽĿƿˣ漴ҡҡͷЩ˿¶ʺϳȥ̽飬ﰲĵصŰɣ˻̽·ġ
ӵǲţñֵļʴؽͣͬʱܹʵõĻӿһЩ·ˡ
֪ڸԼˣһЦе˵ʦȥɣҶط滹еóܹæ
˭룬ʦ֪ĹģǼ⣬ֱӰ־ܾ˵УԲУϵҪ֪ôΣհҪȥ˵Ļǡ
ϴЦݣȴһ䡰Ϻꡱ
ڿԿóʦʵҪȥˣֻһֶΣػһ°ˡ
ʦҪҲġֹʦĻϺһҲµ˭µı顣
ʦΪѣͿֱϣջǿ˵ϵܣ֪ʵǿΣջ̫˰
ոҪڣĶȴǴ˺㲻УȥʲôܽӻͲˣҪȥ˿ɲһܹ
һˣ˵ĺЦڲеɣһܹ̽Լ˳⸱ģ治֪˵ʲôˡھȻ˵ҲУߣ֪ǿҪҲ󷨣
˶һ㶣̽Ϣʲô
ȻʦȻŴָ˵ϵܣ㲻Ҫƶ󷨰ɣ
ѽʲôסʦ˵ĲҾҪôʲô̶Ȳܹ֣һĴ˵ֱץסʦĸ첲
ܹ쵽ʦĸ첲ץס˲䣬ļⶼ¡һ£ɽֱ
Ȼ˵ĻҾϵܿ϶ˣƾˮƽҪĶأԪӤ֮¿ûܹҵ㣬Ƥӵ¶УʦԼķʷ°ͣ˼˵
һЦ˹֣˵ʦ벻ĹͰҪȻҲ벻ƶ󷨰ȥ̽һЩϢǻرɡ
ðɣϵһҪԼʦؿϸϸ۾żỨ֡
ǱֳһģİɣʦǾ͵ҵĺϢɡħɽһûзϣ
ϣ뿪شһԵľ¡


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ڴ£ҲżƶؽԼϢӽȻ
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ģʦ˸оĴˡǵ۾Եܹ
ʶ޷ɨ۾ȴܹ⵽ô£
ʦɫһüͷš˵СӵʵеҪǿܶࡣ
һ⻰ﶼ˸žȵĹâüͷţɴ˫ϸض»һգ۾ʧǰ
֮£Щ˵̽ȻǸоˣҲûзϣһҪֳһԼʵʦ֪ԼСආʲôĻǾ͵ʱʵʱٳ֣û¶ˡ
ƶ󷨣󷨵Чΰɡͷ˫ӡһ΢ļɲĹ⻪ӽ
ԽԽ٣徹Ȼʧˣֻе֤Ǹط
⡭ôܣ𾪵ؽ˳ǷԼǰ޷顣
Ȼ޷ģȻܹôݵľڶ޷ڡ
ʲôܵģ󷨵ⲻҲ϶٣˼άǳǿ󣬾ܹðٵʵӣֻҪ㹻ʱȥչôδʦڸп˵ڼĵһʱ͸һСľϲ
Ŷ˽ӣʦĵԽԽˣĵߡǳӴˮһ
ҵúúõĺϼһ£Բüƻʲôʧܵĵطʦüͷһɽ壬һ˫ϸϸ۾˸Ŷ񶾵ĹâƺһʱҧһڵĶߡ
ش֮ٴ뵽Ĭ˶ڵץİʱ䣬ܵԼʵ
ΣյĵطȻǲеģΨԼʵܹ߳ȥ
ʱ˿̣Ѿƶ󷨵ĲãԼΪֻۣҪţ󷨾ͻһֱ⡣
ڿɣϣʧһ֣¶һڽ׵ݣ˵
ҽ̧˵һǰƶҲƶ
ֻƶ˲䣬ϳһ˿ǳ΢Ĳ
εҡҡͷûżеڶǶסӣ˼ʲôط
ܿ죬ٴ̤һβø΢ˣΪ۵ĻԼܶ
һһһϵţֲϵͣţħɽȥ
ڣڹһʱ֮ðЦݡ
ƶѾûˣֻҪƶвĻͲᱻ֣ţ˵ľ̫ߣ߾̫ߣҲСڿǹõˡ뵽ܹܹƶ󷨣߾ߣ
̧ͷ˿ǻðŹŨ̵ħɽһܵûóȻʶȥɨӣñ̽Զر¶Ρ
һСɽȥСɽλñȽϸߣΧҲûʲôڵǿԴϱ߿ΧĴ
СɽϣĿԶħɽȷ޻ĺۼƬƬ޷·Ǿһ㼯ţȺκεҴࡣ
֮УһֻֻްʣʱʱķһĽĴӸߴ֮Ϸ˹ȥ
ĺۼûз֣ҲǸʦһ⣬֪ʲôطء
ƽȰĻһսʱһһˡƽؿ·Ȼһ˲һӸϢ
ͬһڰľϵϢԽ
ǺǣȻĸľԽԽ˰ЦһʱзڶûʲôӰ죬Ҳ֮ˡ
ʰһ飬תɽȥħɽϾûжľеҲЩ޸ڵһɶ
ԣħɽ֮£һƬͺͺģֻһֻһֻŭͣޡ
ٶȲ첻ԪӤڸ޷ֵĳ̶ϣٵؽӽš
ʱͣǰһؾ޾ۼĵطһƬͰĲݴ֮УĬĬع۲š
ħɽһο϶Ҫдģ쵼ߵĻ϶һǽھˣ⸽һƬ϶ڰڣռϢ
ɳɳɳ
һһ΢زŤͷһƣʱˣѹһֱûзѲ߶أڲ
һɫ޹Ķߴӵϻƶ˹ڵĲݴ
ͷλϣϤɫâЩӦʶ̽ҩۣ
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Ⱥ˲ݴУͷϵţſкͲݴζǲûзʲôߡ
شӵ˹ȥǰ̽ȥˡ
أüͷšһ£Ǿʶȥ̽һϾڶΧʲô˽⣬Щܹ̽ʶɫâֻҪʶ뿪ٶȹ죬Ӧòġ
ʶǵصɢΧʱָơ
޵Ȼôࣿ鷳ˣҵһ·Ƚȥ촽޵̫ˣͲҼ롣
ʶϢħɽĶһխĹƺǵ緢ʱҽĺۼ
๵Ҫ࣬СһĻǱ߹ȥⲻ󡣡аһ֮󣬱ȥһ¡
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ƶ󷨵ڻ֮£ٶȺܿŶ๵
·ϣʱʱػиָѲ߶飬ǻڿзģڵǰеģڵԾǰУܹ䲻̽⵽Ϣޣ﷢֡
һֱԼҲһʶˣɵ֪ԭôûмʶġ
ĵԱߣſһʯ֮ϣмͷϷš
Ǽ̳๷һߴţһԼ˼ıӳ鶯ţ̽ѰΧǲǻߡ
⼸СһһֱߵĻҪȵʲôʱ򣿡ǰļСһԽԽ˷ܣҪ˱ʱ̲סЦ
ء
̳๷ҽһԭЩŵĹСˡ


362 ֣
ܵˣ˫һʶ׳ȥԶһʯ֮ϲһСʯͷ˼¡
һ˲䣬ڴŵļ̳๷˲ͣ˶ӨӨ۾ضʯǱߣ֮󣬽žȻͬʱѾӿ˹ȥ
ȻȺŹǹְģЦһż̳๷뿪Ŀյŵؽ뵽˹֮С
̳๷ʯﵽţʱʱػ̧ͷһȴûзʲôõĶ
ͷһۣҡҡͷתٵ˳Źħɽȥ
ʱǼ̳๷»ص˹ڴƺԶ֪ƣĴ֡
һǰУһ߿ŽµļӲɽʯڵʯӲޱȣִһ£ƺܹܵһ΢
ħɽԶյ˵ǲӦܹܵ¶ȵģڵֻ˵ħɽҽѾЩͲסˡ
ҪӿˣҪħɽ֮ǰĻҪһ˵ӵˡ
ɽʯɵƺڴļ̳๷֮ûʲôˣƶ󷨵İµǺɵǰš
໡
ȻԶһŭŤͷһʱɫò԰
ͷ˶һƶһȻڿٵس
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ûз֣ǼͷӴʲô
˿ǰڼѡԭصȺƶʱ¶ʲôš
Ĳ̤ؽˣǼȻ󻹸һЩͺʵСܶޣͬƨһ㡣
۾Ǽ޵ûзʲôŭڸ·
ףѵǳģһˣǼͷ޵ģԽԽǶԼġ
ͷ޷ɢߣǽڵĵص׵˽ȥҲ˵ܿҪƷһ¾صζˡ
ôùɣüͷ壬󷨰ǲױ޸֣Ӳزȵϣ벻ֶˡ
ԣȲܲܳܵס뿪ط
һ߰ͷ֪Ļ⣬ǾȻһֱߣͬˮһɨƬ
Ҫ뿪Ѿˣ
һĹǽѾӱЩСģÿһӡܹһ˸ߵĽӡӣôܶǲеġ
ѲɵҪ¶ˣЩģüͷšţԴٵתţҪѰһ
ﶯ֣ܹٵؽ߰ͷ޺ЩСޣ϶ᱻ֪ʱ⹵߿϶ǿפأҪɻص뷨Ͳˡ
ˣǳһ°ɣЦһֻܿԼˡ
ӴָͳһƥĽϱ˸һâ
˿ǰĹѡһʵλãһһиһÿһ˽ĶѨ
ԥ˽ȥֽиʯסڣʣµʯǷ뵽˴ָ֮С
ʯѨ֮Уʶһֱߣ̽Щ޵
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䣡
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ĬĬصȴţʣµֻܹˡ
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УҪеĻǳңҵֽţɫһ䣬һ뵽һķӡ
һҪˡ
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Ϊ׵߰ͷһ٣ŭһʶͬ̽˿
ʱʯѨеȴЦˣɫâ֮£ЩӴľ޾Ȼʮͣס˽ŲʶһС
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ҽһ߰ͷ޼ǰУȥЩ̽ˡ
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ӲޱȵĻɽʯȻ޷ֹŲ³Ҫȵ˾ûк³
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ضڶѨߣЩԽԽԶֱȫ֮ĵƿ˶ڵʯͷ˳
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֯һ޷Խǽڣһһÿһ֮ľ붥ܹһ˵Žżȥ
ðɣҲȫǱ֪ǽ赲ߡǰǽڣһʱ䲻֪Ǻˡ
վͦñֱ⹵ǰеʱ䲻ˣҲȷеۡ
˫ֱż۾һضЩǽڣҪѰһʵķǱҪȥģֻйȥ̽һܹյһֵԴ
ڹ¯֪ʵ̫ˣ϶Ǵʦ˵ߵõģݵĻǼٵģ޷
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֮ľСɱϾоģܹһҵĻǻвСĻȥ˵ͷڵ鷳
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һ޵ִԴϵļҲʧˡ
Ŀ̺ԳһƢǳڵϴŶʵ
ʱʱվ£ûһһġ
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363 
̺ԳƢ꣬ʵǿһͬ̽һ㣬ͬȼҲǸ̬Ĵڡ
Χ֮ľԶģһˡ
ǹЦݣôʵǿƢļһĻ治ôö֡
ǽڵߵʵᳬڣҪȻҲᱻȿˡ
ƶشõĲֻ֣ҪվͲ󣬾޵߹ͬ԰Ȼ
̺ԳһͷؼϬţʵʵſڵϴͺͱʱʱŵĺɫʯ
ҲһͷХºǣ֫ŵأһ˫۾СѲţʵ̺ԳҪǿһ㣬ֻҪĻҲǸƾС
ХºǺǲˬԱޱȣԼһ𾴶ûе̺Գ޲ȥҧĲӣ̳Ѫ⡣
ˣãˣһЦŽ׵˸ŵâǱĵ档
һ˿Ϊ΢쵽ХºǵԣزһХºǵβ͡
ХºȻβǷǳеĵط˸һ£ﻹ˵ã
ء
Хºصŭţһ˫۾ܲϵؿţƺҪҳ˭ᵨôȥԼβ͡
˵βǷǳҪĴڣŮһ㣬ʲô˶ܹģ
ϧһȦûҵ˭
ʱǰɴ͵͵Цš
ХºǵģȻʱļһҲǺȤģֻҪһ۹ˡ
ХºƵĺܣһȦʲôûҵɲԼβû¶ԼġôֻһˣǸΪ
ߣ־̺Գһ˳ɾģ
¼ԴһγɣͲôȥˡХºǳһĴ̺ԳԽԽþġ
ϧڵû֤ݣҪȻ϶ݺݵһļһ
ܵХºǵ۹⣬еƤ۵̺Գ͵˻ȥһ㶼νǰ
صĵŭţХº֪̺ԳǸӣһвˬĻѾ嶯ˣҪľǲϵԼʵߵˮƽȥ
οԼһХºſ˵ϣøղſԼо˰ɡ
ٺ٣ƢԵǲ㵹ùٺһЦٴȥХºǵβһ¡
һΣ׼ХºŭĿֱ̺Գ
̺ԳĿǡɴХºϻԷ״̬ͷ겻ŭˡ
Һţ̺ԳشԼؿڡ
Хºǵβ͸߸ͬһǹһ㣬ȻѾȥǣȫ̺ԳǸļһ
߶һ̺ԳǼֲסˣŭһȻ־һ˹ȥ
ХºǱǰԾӣھȻһСô޵ǰﻹȥһͳȥ
һ˲䣬޴һţΧ޷׷׾ʧɫƿյ˲
һ֣չķǳ˳
ԽԽǼңɧش˿е޶ƿֻ㹻Ŀռ
Щ̫ʱˣͷòˣкϷȻֵúܡ
յĵȦħɽķȥ
֮䣬ܹܵޱϢ¶Ⱥͳζûа취ֻܹѡͣӿٶȴԽƬ
ۿҪȥˣѾ췭ظ޺ȻתսŶ౼ȥЩڶ޷׷ܡ
ʱþ࣡
һȺƨɣüͷֱ޲óȥֱǡ
֮£ֻýԼϢһͷ޲࣬ȻʼҵԾ㡣
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ҡͷȥˣٵؿͷޣ˰ȫĵط
ɾΪԼͻ˵ʱһͷоΪƺʲôȻڵĵط˹
⶯һͷ͵һεôãôᱻأ
űޣķ·ûһ󣬲ǿ϶ײġ
ȻҾֻܳȫˣһ䣬Ѿһ
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Ҳżֱ޽뵽֮кȻ֣һ㽫޵Դ
ѪҺûأ޵ʬѪҺһһסȫ뵽˴ָߣһ˿ۼ
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úһŭͬǾһը졣
ڿǱսĵطХºǺ̺ԳѾ˺ۣϵ˿ڲϵѪ
ֻŭ֮ͷ޾ȻͬūһʵʵſڵϣһҶ
ؿһۣڿƮһֻͽСޣֻϵϢʮ־ˣȻǰ벽ԪӤʵ
޵࣬Ӧĳǿ޽ϵĺҪȻʵǿ
ƶٶȽһ룬Ȼͣǰš
еıˣǿĴҲƮȻȥֻǿζ벻ϡͿͿʼ˵սһർµģѾ뵽ǵĺڡ
ʱħɽѾ·ˣֻҪԸȫڶݵʱھͳȥ
֪ԽǿĿĵأԽΣգֻʱ̵ı־裬ܹȫ
ʣµ·ˣ˳Źȫħɽɽ֮£ǸߴΡħɽкȻһСС
Ȼǿ֮£ֻһȺõЩϡ
࣬ϣҲһֿԲǿϣһֿԽһжڽŵµϣһðôһ仰
ħɽˣ֪ôߣ¯϶ɽ֮Уأ
ڶ֪ﰡ
ûвԵ£ʵʵԭصȴţʶСɢȥħɽĵ̽һ顣
֮ǰԶֲֵ̫̽飬ͬˣ뵽˼ҵϳſڣ˼ҵĴȻҪúõоһ¡
֮෢һ˶ڣųȺӵѲߣʱ̶ͣЪ


364 ҽ
һΣ޷ˡ΢΢ҡͷɲҪġ
ʶϸһ飬ûҵڶڡ
ڴķʵ̫Ͻո˵ûмܹС
ˣֻܹˣܴܲӻɽȥɣ̧ͷŶ˻ðŨ̳ĻɽڣԳЦЦ
ɽڵ¶̫ˣʮǿҲǼֲס¶ȵģһСģܻԼ
Ҳûżô鷳ҪȥҲô׵ģ˵˾ȥʲôôý
ȻˣͲﰲصˣƶ󷨣ҲõĻᱻ˸ˡ
̤̤̤
һŲһԾȻһӸѲߵޣЩ޸۾ѩӲϵس鶯ţƺҪζĵطҳһ˿һϢ
˿ǵн·ߣñǵöһ¡
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ŵ˲Ƕ͵ħɽһʺŵĵطͣŽµ޳Ⱥӵ߹ȥԼбҪҸȫĵطȴˡ
¯֪ʲôʱܹҸطܱʱᱻֵҪá
һûпɽڵķ羰ȥһɡЦЦŨ̹Ļɽڣ˵ֱӿ
һ֮վ˻ɽһۻɽҽȵ¶Ȳϵš
ལལ
һݴӻɽҽð˳ըѿûɽζԽˡ
תŽµĴأһȺȺӰʮһǽڸͬһŹ
֪ʦôˣȺûĵļһҾߵȴǰɣЦЦܹõʦڷԼûлȥı顣
֪һ϶һԼģҪǸνѪ󷨾Ͳ
ǺҪңǾǰ׳𣿺Ǻǣ˭ߵɣ˫΢΢ţϵı齥·һ겻ĺ
ڻɽڸûѲߣƶȥˣҲôױ֡
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˫ε˵ϣһ͹ľʯͣסӣŽ߰ɴҽϵطţƺһҽôĽӴ
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ţ֮µðźɫĹâһһأȼŵĻ档
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Ŀ⽥ת·ҽһ󵨵뷨Դ˳
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ϾѪɵģôǿҲҽԱȰɣ
ͷһֱ֮ȥˣʼԺ֮ţϵջƺֻҪܹһ¥
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бס˵ļȸ£оǰĿŤ
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ԥһ£һ̣ǽҽŵԼǰǸ´˷Ϣ˫һɣȻֱӽҽ뵽ߣ
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ҲҴ⣬һֱҽһֱ˵֮
ҽֱ뵽˵֮УŽطſҽ
ſһȱ֮ҽ֮е·Ѱһйһ㣬˳
һ˲䣬һǿڵ֮ӿĿռ
ҪĶȫ뿪㹻ĿռЩɢ
еɢ֮ҽʣѾ½ɵʯ˷ĩֱų⡣
֮ڣܽЩѹһСΧ֮ڡ
ˣھ԰ɣǱȿ¶ȸаٱԴһĿԽ
żȻ¶ܹ壬ǿȵԴӦûиõЧѰ·ˣҪȻҲĳɾˡ
Դ̺ʵ̫ǿˣǲº͵һѿƣ֪Դ˲佫Լյˣᶪ˰
СطֳһԴԴ˳žʼߣÿһҪอ٣ٴηֳһԴȥ٣ʷմ
ȳԵ࣬鲻Դ֮ԽǿˣͬǷһ㡣
ˮʳɸոոֱ㱻ĸɾˡ
Դ͸࣬ɢΪϸСĴڣЩ۲ɼʽ
¶һĨʹ࣬ҧݼţĺôʵ̫ˣʹ໹Ƿǳġ
ЩԴˣһŻ棬ţȼš
ЧǲģҽеٶһĻЧõġͷԼľǷǳġ
УѡܲܵľͲãƾѰսҲһǿ·
ͣȴһֳַ˼ԴֱٶȥҪܿؽеٶһ顣
˭֪ħɽʲôʱᱬһûж˼Ҿͱˣǿô
֮󣬱ڵҽԴѾϡ


365 ȷ
Դȫϣ۾ڿгòɢȥ
һЦ̲סЦ
ҽ壬ǰ붼飬ƫƫˣǳ
ԥֱ˸ҽֱ뵽ֿ֮ʼһֵĶա
ʹʵ֮ѡ˭ѡʹ࣬Ȼȥǿʵ
Ϊֻǿʵܹ֤Ҫ顣
أ֮УʱѾûʲô
ͬʱħɽ֮⣬ӰѾˡ
ʦڵȴ֮ûмЩżˡǲ֪ˣǻš
ʦʮҪˣʵѾǳȥˡΪȽ̽ҪѪ󷨲Ĵ鰡
˶עˣֻҪ֪ҶϢ˵ôҶҪţ𣿡ʦ飬Ǹļһˡ
Ļ϶¶һҾ֪ı飬ʦ治һ˰
ʦĻ֮󣬷׷¶ӵı飬ԴҴһ
ʦǸǺãܲһֱŰɣЩżʵһֱʮ˵ĻһʤʻǱȽϴģϾʵǿеҪǿ
ֱʧˣ֪˵һ֧ʵˣһҪʲôΣգ㲻ûֱ군ˡ
ʦһƺԺǳˬʲôʣʵʵҵţʲôֲֻ֮Ԩ۹һ
⻰˾ˣʦȻҪҸȳͷģʱֻҪź֮ˡ
漴֮еٴ뵽˳ĬС
һʱʦ۾Ȼվ˵ְֹͣתˣ
˵ľ˲䶶һɴ۾ʦķ
Ȼûãһ׵ĵسˡ
ǵЩ⣬ȻǺɫɫ໥ϸͿʲôˣӶڵ
ͷʦûпһ˼ڲصĺܺá
ʦüͷһɽ壬˼ǰһ˭
ʦЩһ￴Ǻˮ۹ġյʦߣ˵
ʦŤͷһۣʵô֪
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˭룬ͨ޸κβǣֻܹɳ۷ǿս
ͷ;޴Ľ۷赲ס˺ˮ̵ǰУһκˮ̵ͣ
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ģһʮ˿ðһ̾Ȼֱӳ˳ȥ󵶻費ϣѾ


366 
ˮ̵һȣЩǿߴѷѽ⣬ʮ˵Ȼƥһ֧ӣ
ʲôطˮ̵Ȼǰһ˲ᵹս죬Ʈ衣
ֻսѾˮްΧţ˿ս֮СȻˮ̵һʱ䲻ʲôΣգȥվмֲסʱ
ˮ̵Ȼ鴫֮Ȼ۲ӣѣѰ
ȻһʦڵʦһһСɽһ󷨻ȥ¶ڵеһ˵Ӱ
Ԩˣʦüͷһ壬û뵽һðͷĻԨˣ
ҹˣ˳ħֵսɫһȻû뵽ֵ˻
ʦüͷһֶ࿴һۣſʵʶ
عص˵ǰ֣Щڣʵǿɱԣ˵ҹǿһս
۷Ҳ˵ǿǺǣѵ˵ҹѾû˿𣿡ʦм˵ʲôƨǿʲôǣ
ʲôûǰһ˵ʦ˶ʣµǸ˭أ
ʦĬˣĿԶԶȥǻðŨ̵Ļɽڣþ֮󣬲˵˵ʵҲܺ棬һӦþܹˡ
ʱҹѾСɽһЩħսһЦˬɵ˹ȥˮ̵ͬΪ࣬ҵĿĶ¯Σ
Һˮ̵Ҫ˰𣿡һӺˮ̵д˳·ʮ˶˿ڣȴʮ˶ûпڣͷֱ𲻳˭˵֮ˡ
սҲһЦƣ˵˵Ĳ̵ȷǿ㲻Ҫˣڻĥʱ򣬵ǹ¯ʱ򰡣
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սһ㶣ЦЦͣٵʱȻȻŤͷĿͣĵطþʦǵڡ
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սٺһЦŵһöƷĵ뵽˽ָߣⶫܹʦ󷨵ĸڡ
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սһʵʦеõǵ˶Ǵʮ˵ĶôѾ˾ˣѵѾһ
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ˣһ֪㣬ҶΪ£ԼİȫҪ֤ġ
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˵Ⱥ̫ˣǵʵܹȫյĻҵʵ϶ٵġҪ΢һỹЩģζ߾ǰҪ޷һζʵ̫źˡ
ᣬǶװаսЩɵ𣿺ٺ٣ǲܸæģҿɲô磡
üͷȺڷܶ࣬ƺѾôԶľ͸ܵ˷ǿǾԵĴ󲹰
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ˣȥԣԸֻҪܹԵ¾Уû֮ǰøʵʵأʷŭʱͳԼĳɣ
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367 ɽ
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ͬǽһոŵҵ·κλŵһ޵֮ʬ塣
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ʱһƲɵѾ࣬ǰǿͲɵֵأϵϢˣϸǿʼ˺ۡ
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ЧǳҪѾȫϣõһ̶ȵǲЦЦʵû뵽ɽڴȻܹһݺô
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ʦǰˣǴ˵еĵĲȴ֪ء
ðɣЩһѾͲס˰ֻǲ֪ǲǾѾأ¶һĨЦݣҲû뵽Լܹɵر뵽ħɽĸأû¶˰졣
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ҽĻˣؿǹҽǵЦԽԽˡ
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³˴ԼмʮɣͣԼҪˣڼĻ㲻ĻȼƤѾúˣҪһ
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һһȵҽƲƲͣⶫûʲôζ˸ѾζʧȥˣֻܵԺҽָܹɡ
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ˡࣣ
ϧٴʧˣǼ˷ĩҽ߾ȻٴοʼۺֻһξۺҾСһ


369 ž
ףѵҿһΣ㻹ܼһ룿
ǰ¾ۼҽߣˣû
֮ǰҲһЩͽ׵飬ڱݻ֮ҪôֱҪôҲֻΪֻ֮᲻ϵؾۼֻʵϻС١
ǰҽ߾ȻڷߵĸǿˣǷǳ˼ģ

ҽζû֮ǰʧŨܵҽ֮Уʧôɴ
ЦһҽѾȤ˼ѾˣܲɽȥѰҰɡ
ˣûԵˣһǼҵĳڰɣҡҡͷʶų̽ΧɲڱĳðĶˡ
ٴ·ζһ룬һ޴ݴ·ٵ˹
һƣҵ·ܵһԣʵʵصȴȥ
ɾʱִһΪ΢Ĳ
Ȼûģʱŭڵλ÷ǳΣжܵĻǿ϶ǰݣ㲻ûֱӱݴ»صϱȥһ·Ӿ಻˷
ˣ빥͹ɣҲ޷˺ҡ
ʵʵشԭأһͬһûʯͷһ㡣
صһҽ˷ܲѵײ壬ײ˲䣬ŷԼ޷ƶɽһ޷ҡ
üͷĿȴǼǰھǰľ޴ϣϣԼܹһ㣬Ҫⶫˡ
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ͷٶ˵˶ߣ۽ǵһֱڴ
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ž˵ǹžʦɫͼ˴һ㡣
üͷһͷ˵һžʦ֪


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ʦķӦ̫ˣԾѡ
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ʣû𣿡ȻʵΪһ֮ôңΪĵۻٵսڡ
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ʦһĴȤ㽫Լ֪йĴ˵һ顣
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Ĵһλߺħ˵ϹѪֻǳϡٰˣߺħΪعĴڣû˼ʲôģû˼¶塣˼ֻѾʬ壬Ķߡ
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ⶫȻʦҪȻ߾ȫ㣬ʦľͺãֱӿ˵ԼĴ㣬Ӧ˶ԷҲ޷
ʦǸмؿһۣһоڲС
໡
ȻһŭȻ
˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥĵطȻħɽĺ󷽡
ٺһЦ϶صĵķ鷳ˡҶѰ¯ߵıЩ˾Ȼħɽ֮Ѿ㹻˵ˡ
ףǱô鷢ѵǣʦ۾һɣָֻҡҡͷͷʮֵĲ϶
֪ʵʦ᲻һֱûгֵĵĲ
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Ǵһƹȥİɣȵһ棬Ǿ֪ˡ˸˵
ĹŴɽıߺԨ۹ı߽磬ˮ۹ϱ벻ٵĵ۹š
֮󣬻мûȥ̽飬ЩҲڵϻķݶ
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ʦ벻ǵĲȻϱ߶˰ѾˡսЦ˵ƺܸˡ
ʦƳսһۣǱ߿ûǿأ׬ˣǳԿ
սһ㶣Ŀ⿴ǿߣһ˵㿴ⲻȥһ


373 ս
˳սָȥһɫĹâٵڿնϷȥ
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ĶԽ٣Щ˵ԽõģϾǵô࣬ԷȻԽԽá
ʦ̵ҿʱ˰ɣĪҪǹ¯׿ˣǲȥʱʲô̲ˡսЩļˣǿһͿڽ
ʦνѾƣ˳ˮۿźˮ̵ҪΡ
˵Ŀⶼͣ˺ˮ̵ϣܿǵģӺˮ̵ϴ
ã壬ҵۡ
˵꣬ˮ̵ĶϢһ仯Ȼ÷һѾĥ˵Ĵ󵶣ȴ˵Ľ
ʦսһۣͬʱͷȵɱѨ
һ˲䣬Ȼͬǰ
ΧŵЩǶ価ûƿ֮£ҲֻǱؼһҲ𲻵
ʱǱ߽ţһ֪Ѿ˹ؼʱֱӻǰŵ޳ȥ
رñɵ֣ɱǣţͬ˲佫ǵƴǸ߿֮γһţͼڡ
ĳԾţҲǸǻ۳ȺʵˣͳϱҲŲɵ͹ʵ
תۼ䣬ŭڣͬˮһ˹
ˣȴڴ֮Ʈҡıۣ֪ʲôʱͻᱻƷˡ
ۣǱۣȴ㸲
ܹʮˣԼǧȻƲ㣬ǲûоţȻȴ򣬰Ͱǰ
ʦֶΰ򵥵ķ޲ϵĳ֮¾Ȼû˿ı仯̲ס̾һʦȷԼļ⡣
ʦһЦڰ˵СԸЩСûʲôģ
˸Ҳû˵ˡ
ǰҪҲ򵥣ǽķһĸͲҪȥ֮ҪǶȥնɱޣΪĻһ뿪ʱ򲻻̫·ϻ
䲻˵ǰҲ٣ǿߵɫЩѿ
ȸ˶һԾµüˬ˵ţ簡Щһʲôʱôǿˣɱ˲֪С˰
屾ǵûǿȴŸ߳ǻۺ츳һʱ䣬ǾͻĲӬһȻһ³ˡţ˵ʵû뵽һĹŴɽ¯ôǿ
ţ磬ҿǿԽһƻˣħ˵Σʼû˵һ˫ɫ۾̶籪Ȼ˵΢΢ϱ߹񶾡
ţվŲӿһ£ŵͷ˵˵ûдǿýħˣЩСɢɣ
ȸ̶籪һţͬǵʱɫ΢΢о˸˷ܵ
һȥǷ׷׳˿ٽзĳɱ
֮һ߾ʬ壬Ǳأֻʣһ飬ҵ˵
ˣߣģ֪ЩϺз޷ǡսһһޣ˦˱֮ϵѪˮٺٵ˵
ɣʶʶĴǿɣϷʦͣ¶һѿĻһ˫ཱུƸͲסش궯
ˮ̵ȻһԲֻжǵľĺ;
̤̤̤
ĽŲħɽ֮½ˮ۹ǿڵĺˮ̵ҪԣҪ
ٴǰУһεٶȼ죬գ֮Ѿʣǿǰ
࣬˻ȥɱۣţǴִıǿݣ˵
ȥţѵǺȶǣӵн뵽¯Ȩȴǻȥѵ˵㲻֪㣬¯޷ȫ𣿡սͲм˵壬ʵΣսʼǿġ
ţĴһתƣҪԲߵʱȴǺˮ̵дһȣϻʲôɱ˵ǿң
˵꣬ˮ̵ǻһѴֱֱĳ˽ţ
ţȻûϵˮ̵һףŭͣɤӺѾĺˮ̵սһ
ʦսмڴŮˣŮҲԸ⣬̶籪͸˰ɣȥҲսһЦսһӣ˵ֱȥ
ȻǱͳȫ㣡̶籪ǸյĴڣ˸˵ﻹԸ⣬һѾʧˡ
һ̶̣籪ѾսȦһŵɫ
Ũܵɫϵ͸սСĺɫâ߽֮͵졣
ȻķŸˣⲻ۸ȸͿЦ˵ǼƺʦⷽĴڡ
䣬̶籪ǺٺټЦ˵᲻ҪżһԣֻҪ㲻̶ͺá
ᰡ̫ˣѽˣɣ˺ȸɦŪˣõβҡţҪûһĺɫëĻ϶Ǿɫˣܹȹµ֮ˡ
ϧվ壬Ǵﵽĳ磬վ޷֮ġ
ȻҳЦʦҶὫȡ뱾ʦ֮УóʦǸˣһȡЦ̵ˣ͹Ц˵˻ȥ
ȸʱŭĵһ˿ŭſŭһĳ˹

ͬ꽻ʦѾнǺȸĹȻǲȡóɹġ
Ȼ󷨣ߺߣ벻ϼһﻹ󷨣ô󷨸ˣһ޹ȸɫЩѿϵĺɫɫԽĺˡ
ȸһʱڿնһ
أȶƵԽԽ죬һǿ쫷ǰγɡ
׼ǲҪȥܣĹɣһǸնɱˣʦΪĶһŮӸˣﻹ᲻űǴ߶󷨡
ʦŭˣ֮϶ʱ˸Ŵ۵ĹâһӲޱȵڹӸ˵ϣǿԷĵȥ
һʱ䣬ڵ˿ʼ˲ϵؽһرźȸȥȴûȡʲôô
쫷ڲϵؾۼѾɿˡ


374 
ȸϵȶųǰ쫷һɱУˡ
Լʵǰʦ󷨾ôҲǿʵȽǲġ
ȥɣɱǣڣȸ쫷׼ˣһһƣ쫷㼱ٳ˹ȥ
쫷ӴƶٶȺȴڼ֮֮ǰ
ʵǿаʦ˫һɣͷһ¶˺ɫ
˫任Ȼ֮˼ȹ󷨣ñ쫷ֱˡ
ʱѾͣͬСɽһС쫷磬ѾûжôˣúķѴܽء
ʦڣõ
ΪҶ󷨣ɱУʦɫ࣬ͷһͦñֱŭȵ
һ˲䣬֮۶ֱӼ뵽֮У֮ϾȻγһε
ףʦȷǺֶΰȻѾﵽεĵزΪУƾĻγʵԵĹͷֶܹӵе˿ɲ࣬ӵ֮һǿߣպա
ɣƣʦһȫȻһ֮ϵξȻ֮һһȭ
ȭͷ֮ϣȭͷ࣬Ȼһײ쫷֮ϡ
ʱ˿̣쫷ڲϵĥ󷨣òϵع󷨡
¡¡
꣬һױըʦδ𶯹󷨶ҡβѣɼ˫ǿ
飡ƣ
ʦͷһ쫷羹Ȼû̫ܵвҪȥоԼ޹⣬ʦһֱ˿
ǿҵıը¡¡𶯵
һը֮ͷϱҲû쫷Х񱼡
ãʦ
ɱ
ߺߣ壬ǳʦζ
ʦ䣬ɱ

İ˶ںȲʣҲ˫ĵһغϣʦӮˣȻҪȲһ
ȴǲмһˣŸոտʼȽǺȸɱˣŻֳޣĵĽһã
мˢӣͷٽһУȸһʦȻȥ쫷磬ǲżǽһĳ衣
ˢˢˢ
һۼɵ۳ͣںȸǰűһ֮󣬺һȫʦ󷨡
ɴ۾ֳһʶ󷨱Ե֮ϣҪ֪ʦȥܼȼߵĹ
ʦüͷһȸĹҲЩͷۣ⵹Ǽĺʤ֮ģһӴָȡһöɫĲǲԲĿǸࡣ
һ㶣ϸһƲŷǶֻǳ࣬ʵӦĳֲʵ
ɫģ״̬ѵħ֮ϽĹʵⶫصһ飬Ȼĳһ˵Ľۡ
²ûĻⶫȻǺħٹʵˣǿǧĺö˵ŽһţÿһŵǼΪˣܹ顣
Ǻʦ߶Ǻħٹʵ֮ɢĺɫŨȷݡ
Ҫ󷨣ٺ٣ҪʧˣʦһٺЦţ˫ֽסħٵĹʵͱĹʵŨĺɫỤ̃ٵظס󷨡
ײûȡ˿á
㶼ˣһθñʦˣŰɣħɱʦҧ˵ӾȻƾޱȣѾ޷˿ˡ
һԿϸһ˫۾ͬ͸һ㽫һ
һִŨ̴ܺģȻһ
ȸʱŭոûȡκãԷлػҪ棬޵ݣ
ͣͣ
ײţţʦܲܿĹȥһҪǿסĻô֮еǽ׵塣
ãʦʵˣǳɹĲźɫ
ɫ̶ֱǺȸȥ
ܵ˺ɫ̺ǿȸɫһ䣬ȻˣȥмʮɣԼѾ˸޷ӳΧ
϶ȻҪͷ㵽ףȸŭޱȣһ٣ŷת
һȻγɣֿٵرΧźȸϵתš
ۿźɫҪˣһŵѪζĲӬһ㼱ٳȥ
¡¡ıը𣬺ɫĽȵֵļ׷飬űͷͣؼǰ塣
ȥȸɫһ䣬û뵽ɫȻֲ
ȻͣסȸαˣΪִķֵźɫĳ
أ
ɫĿ꣬ʱǿҵıըһʱ⻪˸ҫ۾޷
꣡
ԲԶʦһûбס³һѵѪ
ʦôЩԾ޷ĶԿʦʵȺȸС٣ô˷֮أ
ʦЦһĿ֮ų޵ضǺȸ˵̫ˣûзǷ֮ŵǶˡ
֮оȻŵɱУ
ȸȷǼ򵥵ܹģΪĴ֮һҪ˵ûе㱾£ǻ˵ͨ
϶㲻Ǻǿôɵζܲɣһο㻹ʲô£ȸŵس֮ǰϵĺɫЩ֮⣬û˿˵ĺۼ
֮£ʦȸ˭ǿ˭Գˡ
ϵܣս߻и飬ӹ󷨰ɣҪˡʦûȥӦȸڵ״⣬ץסĻĹ¯Ҳȥˣȫȥ
һʦȻƹ󷨣ߵһӦʦ̽ԼܹظܵʦڵȷѾˣץԼ롣
Ǻˮ̵սû̫ʧ˫ҲǸƽ֡
˵˵Ļһ¯֮ǿ˳ȥˡ
ãȻʦңҾ԰ɣ֮ʹӦ
ʦͷһϢ뵽Уϵܣ󷨵ĿƷȥɣ
ٷϻֱ˽֮󣬱ӹ󷨵Ŀơ
ǸոƽĺȸһʦڵϿʼˣֻһƹ󷨣ʱˡ
˼ҶǴСϵĳ⾹ȻǴϵģϸСȤȤȸм˵ҲǸбµˡ
һ仰Ҳ˵ʱΣܿķֽʦ󷨡֮Ѿȫգһǿ󷨵ĿƷĿۼǺȸϡ
ǿҪΪʦ𣡡


375 һе
СܵܣëȫûаȻǰܣѵҪ𣿡
ȸһĻЦˣЦǰò
ΪЦһҪң
ߣҪɱ㣬ãϲˣϸƤζԺðȸһ˫һĸۣеˡ
ҡҡͷЩܲˣ˵УңҾԸ
ᣬһ㶼֪͵һ£֪˼һẦߵ𣿡˭룬ȸǰŪһСŮ̬ͣĶˡ
ġ³֣̲סر۾ʵǿȥˡ
Ҫ˵Ǹ˵ŮҲͰˣƫƫǸϻëˣⲻǴڶ
㣡Ҫɱ㣡綯ҰȥɣȸˣһһкҲֱչ
Цһ˵Ů˷Ƿ飬ڿȷ˰
Ԫ𣡡ͺһȻǽʦԪʩչ˳
һ˵ʦ΢΢һ󷨿ưȴǱ׵ؾѧˣЩڸ󷨵ĿƷˡ
˼ָֻ֮ƽֻ۵ǿ
Ȼƾյһ硣
ͬܵٻһؿתţѷļ⵶иԪ
ɫƽû˿ؿ־壬˫֣ƻʵޱȵʩչ˸󷨡
飡Ԫѣɱ˫ۣһһٵ³ˡ
һѺɫĳ۳ͣʦĲͬԼ۳
ۼɵĳɢŨҵɱľһնɱӢı͵ӵɱһˡ
һŲһеĳе·Ǹ̶ͯһ㡣
ȵյ䣬һɫĵ
ˣ
ɫĵʼĲܵʲôĴ̼һ
֮⣬ȻŰи󷨵Ħ
һ̧еĺɫɣ
漴һصһ˲䣬۵ĺɫȻֱֶǺȸȥ
ಡ
һҵƿ˫۽ضǺɫʦ۾˸ţս˫ȭ
ʦˣΪ󷨴ʦ޷սʤֵĻǵ˾Ա֤ˡ
ϵܺ뷨Ȼֶĺɫ֮ܵǺܺãֻͲǺȸܹ𰡣ʦڣ̲סʵ
һЦתͷݸʦһص˵ܲ𣿡
ʦһ㶣ĿЩ͵ؿǺɫĳȻֱ۾˼üͷʱţʱţ仯
ɫޱȵͻ󷨵Ŀ磬һ͸ֱ֮Ǻȸȥ
ȸǲмҺΣǸ׳հ
Ŷһ£ΪܹɶܵĳȴͬһÿһȻĵط
⡭ôܣȸɫȻף⣬ֶҲ޷кƵĹôӰεظأ
ǲܴڵ飡
ʵпᣬȸΪܣ飬ƫƫͷǰԼϡ
ȸֳһ£ԼȷѾ޷ѵʱֻεزִٽзΪľǽ⹥ܵȥ
ϧһûģֱźȸؿھȥˡ
һΰɡ˵ﵹ㽡
ˣ
ռһ£ɫ׷ܵĺȸصײȥ
ĽҪͷϣȸϺâһֽһǰȻӲؽˡ
䡭
һ춯صıը֮󣬽ŵϵغص˵ͷ̶ֳȵ⣬ѾʦҪһЩ
⡭ôܣʦ𾪣üͷֱšһɽ壬ܵ龹Ȼǰ
ءϵܣģʦЩʧɥǵʵоν֮жοƣϧûȡκγɾ͡
ڲͬˣǰ˾ĶǣĵһĻ
ʵܼ򵥣ǿʶơǺһЦȻ˵
ʶ㹻ǿϵЩǿ߻Ҫǿ٣ƾʶƣǸżʮأһŽΣո㶨
ǿʶƣ
ʦħһĲظ仰һ˼֮տЦһ˵ϵܺȻܹõǿʶ޷˰
ЦЦûж˵ʲôⶫ޷Ͱ
ǰɫ̳ɢȥ
һ˻﷢һɫӰƾն˫ŭؿ
ȸϵҲвٵطȱһÿëǱѡ
һŽĵҲûյķɣؿᡣ
ʵ˫岻ţȸ޵ضţϵϢҵĺܡղû뵽ǹ˿ֲûֵĻڵĺȸѾڵϣ˲ˣ
ãܺãСӾȻһҪɱ㣡ȸüԭӾȻʼë
һԣһֱսƽֵĽţ̶籪ɫÿȸˣķǳɡ
ٿӻɽб˵ʱѾغͽš
ȸһͱԷôǱȫʩչĻ˵
ţһתƣ֪ѾټȥˣһȸնɱǼƻͻһж뵽֮С
̶籪һۣţͬʱ˶֣˵˺ȸߣϸشһţ̾Ϣһε˵ߣ
ʲôҲߣҪɱȺ쵰ȸһҪߣŭˣһ˫Ѿɺ۾ֱ
ʱţɫһһץסȸĸ첲ŭȵᣬҵĻ㶼𣿡
ŭúȸ侲һȸɫ۾ȥŭʧתһɱ䣬һɱǣǵ⣬ǵѪܣ
ûӪвʵ̫ˣûʲôоһЦ˵ðɣҾ͵㣬ϣ㲻ϱ߱˵
㡭ãܺãƣȸҪ˵ʲôȴһԵĽţһ˫شţ۾ŭؿԼ
ȸ½ţֻҧҧתǶѨ֮ȥˡ


376 ħ
ţ̶籪һԵתǺĶѨȥ
סǣϧһдۣٽǶѨ֮ǰţ´һ
ʱûõٴλԾؽţš
λʱȥˣսһӣһŰ׾ӾΪ˷ܶķ졣
ʦʱҲָĲˣɫÿ٣Щ˵ɣɱЩڵ·ޣҲ֪ǿ֮
Ǻˮ̵ȴûôˣôһ֡ɣ
һ˫ײһһʱŭ˷ò֡
ЩȻ˵ʵ࣬۾վǲġ
ʱɵͻƵǵķأɹǶѨҲħǰ
ħԺɫĻɽʯΪǽڣǱӲٳĶѨһ͸¶һӰԵ
ǲй¯ڵħˣȽȥ˵ɣսЩͲסˣɲԸĺôǿȫȥˡ
ʦмغһ֪Щ˲ôŬվҪ˷ʱģ˵˾ǲȥΣ
ǿ߿϶ǽȥģΪûǾûļǣ¯Ȼ޷򿪵ġ
ȻѾħڴʦȻżȥǻɽߣֻܹ˽ȥҪ֮˵ˣʲôС
һ붴ڣֻһɱϢӽŵװֱӳ嵽ߣ嶼زһ£һԵҲˣֳá
ʶһ̽飬ûзʲôֻǵܹʶ϶ͨĻɫ
Ǻ䰡ڻɽɽףôôĵطѵǼΪγɵı죿ʦһ£شһƣʵ
ȴôΪҡҡͷǰڵͨ˵ӦòǣҵǾµף
ʦüһϸϸ۾һ˿ǰˡ
ԣǴҶҪСһ㣬Ҫǰװ׵ռ˱ˡʦһҧˣ˳ͨǰȥ
ħڼΪʮ˲ţû˿ӵĸо
ʶһֱ̽ħҪ֪ǿߵҪʲôΪǱֳĶʵ̫ˣƺѾԶǿ߱ȻȻᱻס
СţȻһವʲôʸڼһ㡣
˴󾪷׷չСĽ䱸š
ܿ͹ȥˣҲûмʲôʸв
ףⲻ԰ѵǼٵģغܣҡҡͷֻܹ˼ǰȥ
¡¡
ħȻҵĲħɽϢ·ֽһμҵ緢һ
˶û̫ԾԴӸղŵսʼħɽûֹͣڲҲ顣
˶ûзϣǰеʱһӰȴǼ䵽ķ֮ϡ
ʲôȻ˹
ģȺʲôʱôˡ
ɱҪɱȺޣȻǵϷˣ

˶ûˣȴǱͻļʸһʱŭգ
ʸ׷׵ڵϣŻһ֮⻹ûʲôô
ǰҪȺˡսһīȥУͺһɤӣһȿٵسȥˡ
˴ͷʣµȻǺ˵ˣһ˲ǰеٶȴѹҲࡣ
ܿ죬սǳڵͨһƻͨĶѨ֮С
Ѩ֮Уĺܣһ޵ӰӶҲ
飡
ʱͨȴǴһıըҳͨӵ
ˣǵĺ·סˣʦһĴȣ߲ѡ
˭û뵽ƽﶼٸ徹Ȼǻۣˡ
ͨʶ̽һͨصľʯסˣҪƿҪķѲʱ;
֮ˣ϶ĵ·ȥʦɫҪһ㣬ѹɤ˵
սͷһӣֱԼ·ɢȥѰǿܴڵĳˡ
ˮ̵ȴǲΪȻͬһְһվֻϺɫĹ⻪΢΢˸ȻķʽѲڡ
ʦߣѾԶɢҪؽǳҵ
žણžણ
ϵ˳ȥһשǽ֮ϵűһɫ˳
ǳɫǸһֲԤС
ٵɢܿͽĿռѹ˺ٵķΧսǱߵƢȽϱ꣬һ˾ǴһȥﵶǱȥĿðɫͨڡ
ͨڷǵûбסΪƻظųԽԽ
ǽ˴һǾٵҪ֡
һ̣ȻסԼĲӣɴ˫ۣޱȵؿɫ˰ζ֮󣬲˵Сж
Сģս۾һɣһһߺȵһѾȥ
ս𵴣ԼУ֮һץס˶ԷĲӣѾ˵ϣʹ಻֮ץ˻
žž
ոջصȫĵطսѾ˹֮˵ϣûһȥȻһĨɫð˳
սҴ⣬Щɫͳ˷֮⡣
˭㶯ֵģѵ𣿡սžһȥĶԷѪֻ³ĶǺɫѪҺֻкôûк
л֮˻ع͹ڵϣսһ
սȴһԷûΣ֮󣬲Ųˡ
ɫһھܹڿٵطչλһҪעⰡս۾˵û뵽һ˵ľȻԼز¡ЩĸʵǿᣬλĴڣʧȥҲýˡ
ûĻӦþ̶籪ĶǱҪӱСģ̶籪Ѿˣһиأǻȫûģʦüͷšĺǿеĸ˶ԼûյвôȥҲǰ취һе鷳ǵùıԼˡ
ˮ̵뻮һǰһҳڣ
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ǺǣĲҿĲͦİЦǺǵ˵˿ô᲻ͷĲ޷񱨸
Ĳʵǲģͷ޽Χм䣬ϵİڶ˶βͣȴˮһ֮ƶš
΢ЦݵؿͷʩΪҲż֡

һߴƺһž޴罫Χסһ㡣
磬سˣתĿγһɾ޴ѹεؿġ
ͷĲ񿴵޷ʱѣ˷֮غ㻹ô񣡡
һҪԵѪ⣬Ѫҵʵ
ҲҪԣϸƤӣζһǳã
ˣλܵܣǻץʱ佫㶨ɣǰ׳գȻֵʩչɣ
ǣ׳գ׳գ
׳գ
ͷĲسЦƺʱѾϵһѪˡ
Ǹʲô˵ƽˡ
ͷ˷ܵı˲סˣΪʩչĹص֮޷ͷųκεͬ޷͸
ղ˵ĻΪܹ
һĨͷ޵ӿǷ̧һֱֻۣǼתı͵һ
䣡
ͬŷ籩ڱһ㣬Χסķ籩͵һűǻ
ûȼʱ䣬籩ȻʧӰˡ
ȻǱվƣţɫƽؿͷѾɵ˵ޡ
ǵ籩ôõİǵͷҡͷ˵ڸղŵʱѾͷĲĹ˸͸
ͷҪٴж½ʱȴִҲһ籩ڿٵɡ
籩ѣ˵ܼ򵥵ģȻҪҾֻܳȫˡ΢΢һЦ¶Ž׵ݣֻͷ޿ȴ˸һĺâ

˲չͷĲûʱ򣬾ͽǸ
Ĳǿʼ֣ʼ˻𣬿ʼ
ֻ΢΢ֱ̧̧ۣǵ׵ʧˣҲˡ
ͷĲϻžŵ飬ȴͬһ㣬ʵʵվŲ
Щ޵ʵҲǿֻǿϧ˴˰ǻȥɡ΢΢ҡͷʶİ֮½籩ĿƷѧϰ֮ͷ޵ʹҲͽˡ
Ʒ籩ԭʵǳ򵥣˿ܽ֡
籩֣籩ƷΧ籩һռ֮ڵĴȫ̶ס֮һоˡ
ԵĿƣѧһмʵõСֶΣȻ֪οƷ籩һԱơ
ԽԽѪˣЩһﲻȷеͷۡ΢΢ҡͷǰĲ֫岻ϵƮ䣬кȻһɲ̵㺡
ŻɽڴȥԴɵͷĲ֮Ҳûв۵鷳ˣǶܹϸܵһֻĴϲеǿϢ
ĴȻǷǷֱķţûгϾǿҲǳصġ
ɽԽԽˣŨҵϢоʮǸڵҽ΢زһ£Ҫѹһ㡣
֪Сʲô㣬ܲһֱҵڰɣʶ̽һҽߵûôչڽ뵽֮Ȼĵĳ˯
ҽߵʶ֮УԼǳһ׺֮С
ɵˣҽʵԴȴǱĺܣȻԼĸһĴڡ
ðɣȻϲңǾͲҪ뿪˰ɡ΢΢һЦʶҽǲʶ֮΢Ķһ¡
ҽߵʶֻ̫ñԶΪ΢һЩи꺢ӵǻۣм˶ԼĺƵȵ֡
ͬģҲ֪һγǶôѣǧ²ܹۼ顣
Ժ͸ҰɣСһ΢΢һЦעתƵǰĻɽڴ
Եģɽ緢ҽȵļˣȴԽǿҡ


381 ڵ
ĶѾĴˣǽţŭһе޶һ
űֳٵֱȥɷ˵ǷĹ
ƲƲֱͣһдر㽫޴˸仨ˮ
ۿűԽԽ࣬ɫһ䣬ͺһȫƱһɲĴϢɢЩһѹ֮ǲҳ
ţŶԣԹԵؾͲһЦͷ˵Ŀ·ŵȵҽ֮ϡ
ҽŨȣڼƶ֮зĴ̶ƺ񵨸ҿκﾯ棬ɹҾ㣡
Χв죬ǶϵǿϢͲҶ֡
ǲǾûа취ˡһЩϢһЩޣ΢΢һЦ̧ǻɽȥ
ÿһ¶ȱǸһ֡ȼյž彥Ծ·Ǳⶳ˵Ĺޡ
ǾûлˣٴλͷһȺҪץ˵ޡ
صŭͣϢȴʼûһͷ޸һƺԽ׳أ

ĴѾǻɽڣʱŭϵѵߴǰȥֹ
ڣǿѹ֮£һͷ޵ȳ˹ȥơ
Ⱥӣиսʤ˿־壬һԵس
ϧѾˡ
΢΢ڿնֱ㶵ؾ緢ҽ֮С
׷ļͷﻹͣס׷һͷҽذû˶
ҽۿޱٶȵķﲻŲ졣ͬҽ֮УΪûио̫вأ
ҽ¶Щߣֻû⣬޵ʵҲǽ۷ȻûвԪڣҲӦ˴ġ
ڵ޻޷ҽ֮гڴţʮӦûģ
ѵ˵ҵı仯ЩԾ뵽ҽ֮д˰ǲ٣ҲӦô̬ɣ
ֻܳѾΪĴָϸҽˡ
ģڴһ󲨶ڵСһﾹȻˣ
һº͵ʶϢݵԴߣȻǸ˵Сһϵ
һ˵˼ʲô֮Сһְƺĸ׵Ļܹ޵ط
ˣȴŰɣȥͷһۻȻǿߣһֱ֣˳ҽ³ȥˮζһ㡣
Ӻܿʧڻɽڴһ¿ǰĴˣһȽȥˣǻ˵ã
֪һЩأܹȥĻǶ˵ҲǾ޴ʧģ
ţ磬ô죿ȸһ߹һ˵ǽɫʡ
ţ˼һһ˵ǽȥ
һ۾ֱɽڴȥ
סǣţһ˲ټʣޣ赲ǰС
һ̣ţӰҲʧ˻ɽߡ
ǿһз̫ˣ쵽Ƕûüʲô顣
ĴȻˣʣ·ЩҲǼ򵥻ɫҲǷǳǿ
ʦȥɣսʦͬΪԨ۹֮ˣȻ˴Ǵھ״̬֮УҲ˵ĺϾ֮ͬ˱֮ҪɿĶడԺ󱨳Ҳ֪ȥʲôطҡ
ʦͿȥҲ֪ǵطǹ¯ڣأսĻ֮Ҳֻܵͷʾͬˡ
ˮ̵ǲö˵ѾʼΧµޣǻɽڴˡ
ص壬ǿߺٺһЦʦһۣͬʼж
Ĵ޵ٶȻǺܿģûǱ뵽ײʱǾͳ뵽˻ɽҽ֮С
ֻȵҽǶɫģüͷĽء
СӵôãȻܹҽ֮дôãҽ¶ȱһҽҪϺܶģʦʮֲ⣬Щ˽⻹Ǻܳģֻҽ֮󣬻ЩԾ
˼ȥˣĴҲ׷ɱȥǾôҲֻҧ֣ǲҪ¯ߵıˡ
Σֻܹ׷״߶ڵֿȵҽȥ
Ⱥһĵͦ죬ֻǵٶҽ֮ܵӰ죬ȴΪСһĴһЩ仯ͷ¶һ˿Цݣû뵽ǰţȻܹõһЩô
ٶԽԽ죬Ȼ£ɻҪĴϲ١
磬Сӵٶôô죿ѵ䣿̶籪ʮֲʵɽҽ߸оǳ˶Ҫȼˡ
ţƤ񣬸оûôأֻɫҲôÿ˵֪СйŹ֣һҶô˵ڹ¯֮ǰܹȥ𣿡
˷׷Ӧǿ϶ܹȥģǽмʧʧȥȻ
ͨͨļ֮ǿҲ׷׼ҽӾ֮С
Ĵǿߵı־ҪĶˣͷĸ֮⣬˶ͣҪһ㡣
֮˻ɽײǿڹž֮
ڵϣǴӹž߲ϵҽüͷɵ
֮ǰƣΪλݴӹžƮ˰еĲݣҽ
ôȥˣüͷʼϸ۲ŹžҪѰʲôֻ֮ǰͿ˰죬ûҵʲôȻˡ
ȵҽϵһյĹеؾ쵽ҽȵؽˡ
˵¯ھĻǲǵЩҽ֮󣬹¯ڲŻ¶°ͣȵҽ֮ȴʮ·صˮһ㡣
ˣ
ȻڽţֻһεƵԽˣʱʱضһ¡
ֹһյĹĴ˵ײضվһϣʱ̽䱸ֻҪǾͻһӵϣɵ
ҪСӵʵǳǿҽ֮дôʱ仹Ĳ̵ģСģҵźšţ˵Դߴ˵Ǿ˼˫ۿ̫飬㶼Ļǿǰ׻ˡ
СӣǲǾǾǹ¯ڣ
Ȼţ˵ϷʵЦݡ
üͷһЩؿŽţﲻڣΪ˽ţ


382 صΣ
⻰ȷ˵ϱˣȻڣѾżʲô
ոĴͽˣ׷ô֮ٴһط
νʹĴľٶ㹻˰
˵ǾͲǣԣţ˵ﺬһĪζ
ˣţôΪʲôѵʲôıɣ
Ӷ˶ǹžĵطһ£űͣ
ĴӶǸŶһ£˫ָѾ׼Žˡ
Ǻǣ߻ⰡҪȻΪλôأһЦһЦе˵
ĴɫԽѿˣĸǿ߾ȻᱻһˣŪˣҪǱ֪ˣǻЦ˴
ţ磬ֱɱɣ̶籪ٴ̲סˣɽҽ¶ʮܣ޲ȥ뿪ĵط
ţҡҡԴһ仰û˵ֻһͭС۾ȴһֱ
ţ磬Ϣܹأζ϶ܺãҳɣȸͬ˵ɺͷһԼĺ촽
ĻҲ㣡ţ˵һ˿ԥ
׼֪飬Ͼӿʼڵıֶ̫ˡ
֪ЩʲôĻôһͶܵҽ֮أҪҽķӦ̫ˣ֪֮оĹҲҽ֮磬ͬ԰ɢһķӦ
ˣ֪¯أ
ǵ¯ǿߣҲ֪ģΪӼǿҲڹ¯ȫ֮ŵ
ˣ
ˣһĸоǿڹžƺҲŶһ¡
ţӦÿˣʦôûеٶе˰һתƣĿתؿǹžѾˡ
ԱĴٴһضƺȻնɱһ㡣
ֹһʱ򣬼Ϸǿˣ
ٺߣǸһȺǿߣ֮д඼ǻԵޡ
˫ĺԮˣ˴֮ȴǻΪҽ֮жܣû˻Ըִܡ
ĬΪΨһѡ
ϵܣûʲôְʦյߣʵ
ʦһۣ˵ʦҾž²ǹ¯ڣӦûǵһأȻǾ֪ˡ
ʦ۾һ˼˵ϵܣҾûв´ﲻӦڣĻӦӦˡ
ͷٴ뵽˳Ĭ֮С
ҽڲϵ緢֮УžΧվһȦ˿⾪˵һĻĻ϶һߡ
ˡ
ģֿʼˣֻһεĲƺûͣ˼ʮ֮󣬻ûͣϢ
ز׽Ĵı仯˽ţ֮⣬˵ϱḻ̰𾪣˵
һвͬѰķӦᷴӦͬϢЩϢ֪֮һжҪҿˡ
ǹžϵҽٶȴڲϵؼӿ죬ڽ籡һ㡣
žֽŵصȴһյĹ󣬹žȻֹͣҽ
һ󣬶ս׼
ʶҽֹͣĵһʱž֮У΢̽һ֮󣬱ವһԾ˹ȥ
ȫž֮ǰʦһϢ
ʦ۾һĴͬʱֱӾ뵽˹ž֮С
Ĵŭһһ߹һǹžһ߳ȥ
һʱ䣬ԭһ̬ĵط˷սǱòֵǮ
ǹôңĴͷ߻ȫУʣµСһ߷ĹţһѰŻȥ
Щ˵ģȥ˵ˣ˲ܲסҽ˰׹ǣʧҽ֮С
ף߹ȻвͬĿռģȵ˵ڽž˲䣬һǿĲֱܵ뿪ȵҽ֮С
һ̣ѾһӵĴ֮С
߿յģǻɽھһƬռ䣬˺ĻɽʯûбĶˡ
ʶܵƣЩ˳ˡ
飡
ĵӰԶĵطǽĴٺǿߡ
ףʦأʱŷӦڶֵӦʦһΪûгأ
ڽ뵽֮󣬶վԭأûż֣һϸشİĿռ䡣
ʦĵһɲԤУ漴ſڱǺ
ʦʦ
ڿյĴ߻صţƺȥ˺Զƺûдȥ
оǳü˼ţֻʲôûͨ
һʦԶ
һһȳһյӰԶ˹һǵˣȽʮֵĲ㡣
ʦôˣ˵Ŀⶼʦȿʵ
ʦû˵ֻǲϵŬҪߵĸ죬ȴԼ˫ȺǹעǦˮһ㣬ӡ
˶ס˺˫ֱضʦŵصȴš
ţ磬ôˣΪʲôо¶ȣȸ˳ӣʵǲ⡣
ȸ󣬿žĴߣʦ·̤̤˵ˡ
ţĿضʦһؿţüͷţûд𻰡
û˵鷢ǸžǸ󣬸Ͳܵ˺ʦΪοأ
ʦôգգ۾ٴοʵӸ̧Ǳ˹ȥ
ҪȥϵܣСթһֹ˵սһֱҪύֻǱʦ˰ˡ
Ťͷһۣ΢΢ҡͷ˵ʦҵѣҲܼȣ
ȣ
ѵʲô˵ĿʦϣתƵϡ
Ȼû˿֣첽ʦǰµشһ顣
ʦôˣʮֺʵʦûҵ˿ڣΪȴȳأ
ʦɫЩףɨһǿߣŲΡΡ˵͵ʱ鷳Ҹսͱʲôˡ
ˣ
˶ɫһ飬ز鿴ܣҪûʲôصĴڣǿһȦʲôûз֡
ʦʲô㿴ûУʵʦ˵ʵ
ʦҡҡͷЦһûпֻǲһӰűʲôûˡ
ͷʦЦЦһ仰Ҳû˵ֱ˻صԭλãʣʦվš


383 ðƻ
ءϵܣôˣʦʵͻȻȥǷʲô
΢΢һЦ˵㲻ʦ
ʲô
ʦ˭
˵жôһʣַʲô
ԣʦʦûһ֣¶ڵİ˵
ϵܣ˵ҿʦ˰սվ˳ֱӿ˵ڹŪ顣
ڰ֣ȷʦû
ʱʦƶ٣һ˿󷨷ʱⲨ󷨲Ǳģش
ʱиֶ뵽˹ž֮кʦӰӹž֮¶˳
ʦЦţַعЩǿǣƾŵȼϵĲཫնɱ롣
ʣЩ޼ã޷ֿ֣ˡ
ʦûȥ̫ˣ̫˰廢еϻ۾ϲ˵
ʦͷЦЦ˵Ȼʵ̫ǿˣֻܹˣ㻨аǼһʵˡˣҪϻڲˣ߰ɡ
ʦЩߵҪڻô죿ϻе㵣ǵʵֻнЩȫնɱˣķ
˭룬ʦһЦ㲻˼£ǻῪ¯𣿡
廢ͬʱһ𣬵ڲʦƵжôǿ
ٶ˵ʦ뵽˹ž֮Уǿ߽֮󲻾ãʣǿҲ׷С
ˡ
һ󲨶֮ʦӰ˴֮Уŵǿߡ
˳֮󣬷׷׻ص˸ԵĶʦûзһʦĴڡ
ʱǿҲˡ
Ϊռݵķλͬʱ򿴵ǽԶðʦ׷¶ֵ飬е˻ʧ˳
Ҫɱң
죡쵽ߣ
࣬ΪʲôҪɱǣ

һʱЩңЩѾʦɱ¾Ż˵޷׷׺
ԭǿ߷׷ѡ˳Ĭƺ˵׷ʲô顣
˭ΪðʦʦҪ˵ʱ򣬾ǿǵĻңͷһҪ˵ȴðƻ
ʦĻʱ˳û˸ðأҪǣǼһðĸһģһͱ鶼˿
㵽˭˵ʦðɣһһرðƻ
˶ѡ˰ؿţЩҵǿٷʦ֮ﻹҶ˵ʲô׷ܻصĴ󣬾δؿš
ðƻһβȥˣǹЦΪʲôҪôأû˼棬氡
ʦɫѿ˼㣬ϸϸ۾ŭȼţ޲ȥԷƤǽڸĥ͸Էʵ
ûв´ĻӦػ¯İɣ󷽣Ȼ˵һ˫۾ȴһضðƻ
ðƻһ˵ףô֪ҵݣôû֪
һЦһ˿˵ըģ
ðƻһ㶣ҡҡͷϵϢǷ˱仯˵̬ģ
Сһҿ㣡ðƻ忪ʼŤѾһƯ
ʲôҪ󣬾˵ɡٴοڣǳԶðƻ
ðƻȻЦЦӴֿ񵽼ϸֱĴ̶
㣿СһҪ̫ˣȵʱ˵ɣðƻٴȥ
ܿʧӰˣһƮЩ꣬ʵ̫ˣĸСһҪúŬҪ֮ı
Ĵɫţһ˶û˵Ȼǻûд֮߳
ʧˣʧһɶ·ûгֹһ㡣
ϵܡʦɫӵؿƺлҪ˵
ڰ֣˵ʦżȿ¯ĺá
ǰصĴѾʧӰˣٶ˵ʲôҲûôǲץʱ俪¯ĺá
ʦͷɫЩףʱʱָӵ飬֪ʲô
ĴǱߣȴߴﹾĲ֪˵Щʲô
ģĴɢһŨҵɱţŭһһͭ۾ŭʵʦ㾹Ȼɱ֮ˣ
ʦ⻰ȴǺǺһЦ˵ô㲻Ҳɱ𣿴ҳƽ˶ѡ
˶ЦҪʦôһֵĻҪʱǷǳԿġ
ǿ΢ôһЩķʱҲúˡ
˵ˣһ˿ѷɫĴڣһ˷ˡ
ңҪɱˣ㣡ţŭһһٵҧгݵغ
ۿһҪ֣ǰһֺһţ
СӣҲڣţĿһתͬѷıݺݵйĲӡ
ʼν˵ż˵ˣڵĵ֮ǿ¯ûв´Ļ¯ĿʱƵİɣȥԴҶкô㵱û˵
˵꣬һ
شϢӽţߴһԵҲǳȰ˵š
ãȼˣȽȥ֮ҶȻҪʮٱسţ˵һθļδȻʦһֱֶնɱ֮һ
ʣµЩ޶ܹһƽ֣⻹ǲʱһʱǿӵĻһεĹ¯֮У»ʧߣ
һʦûлϰߣҵǲҲȥǣҪʦȻȺޣЦ˵
ţһٸʦϻʵǿ󣬿ϵ츳ȷǲġ
ˣˣҶ󱦱ģûбҪø֮ƵģûмؾʹǺܲˣսð˳˵ôһ仰֮Ŀɨʦͽţ
˶ٷϻˣս֣Լĺϣ˵ˣȻ鶼ˣôǾͿ¯ɣ
˵꣬սӴָóһɫĺӣĪɣ϶ûʣ£ܹܺõظʶ
žһӴ¶߷ŵһЩƵĹ
𣿿ƽ΢΢üӡ֮УӦгɵĴĹͷôͷɫӦôģҲ÷âɣ
ͷôôǴ·߼ͨǡ
սóˣ˷׷׽Լе˳ǰ˶
ǶĽսŽţеǣЩĽ˵ΪķǿǴͷѪ
ãʮˣǿʼɣ


384 ؾ
ʮۣ໥֮·ŸӦһ㣬ȻɢЩĹâ
һһףϣ˳Ϊʸ֮ģսǺ˻ڹؼʱ̳ᣬ»Խ鷳ˡ
˶˵ͷΪľǹ¯ߵıŻ򲻿Ļǻ̸һ˵
׼ˣһӣսƽţһǽеӵ˿С
Ҷ˳ȥ֮Ϣ໥ţ˭Ҫʲôܹڵһʱ䱻˲
ʮǱ׵˿У໥֮һеǶĴ۶ȥ
ǵĻƶ֮ϵĹâԽԽʢȻ۵˶ر۾
Ϣǵ˿϶ǸǿĴڣҪȻ϶޷Ϣ̲ס̾һ䣬֮ϵϢ̫ˣô֮ؾܹѹƵ۾Ҫڵ϶ǸŴضҪµĴڡ
ҫ۵Ĺ⻪˸ѣһǿĹϢ֮дÿһ˵Ļǡ
ʮǺ϶Ϊһܹǿ¯𣿡ĬĬظţʶʱʱػᱻһĪƺܲԸ̽鵽С
ɴ۾ϸظǵı仯ҪѰЩ˿
ʮǻؿһ˿Ϸγһ壬⻪͵һ
ͷ­Ȼһͷ­۾Ŀǿһͷ­
һǳƣȴԲͬͷ­
ͷ­תɢĵâڳ˶
ֻһֵϢסԼԼû˺Ҳûκεĺô·ǿһڡ
ǡ
ţͷ­򢲻ϵؿձգдŹ졣
ͷ­֮µһƬռ俪ʼŤǱĳһ㣬ռŤʱֹͣһз·뵽ͷطš
ռŤΣγһضѨ
ﻹǹ¯ѵ¯һռ䣿ǺĶѨߣоһ˿ռ䴫ʱŻӵеϢ
ȻûˣֻһɴȻ֣Ǻڶ֮бȥ
ܵҪһ£ȴԼѾ޷ˡüͷĽأ֪жôֶΣȻܹóǿ󷨡
һһ谵Ŀռ֮Уûü۲죬ΧһӰ
֮˶͵
һâĿռ䣬ȵϢһƬߣϳ˺ڻɫʯϸϸɳʱʱιķų
ڵĵطһƬƽԭΧյʲôûУֻһȻȻ
һƵĴɽǸƬصľһ㣬ϵϢӴɽϱɢ
ƾɽ֣죡ûûǹ¯ˣʦȻغ˫۷Ź⣬ضɽ
һƣɲôţɽƣϷһĺƸšֵɽмһΪȻɫġ
һȵĻɫһȴǺıɫ
¯ʵ¯ʲô֪
¯ﶼڣ¯֮ڣսһڣ˵
¯֮ڣѵ˵
ţʦսһۣ˵϶ҪȻô֪ô࣡ߣ˵ûдǹ¯
ϵܣ˸˵¯ֻһƺڵĿռ䣬ǹԼڵأӵıȻҲΣգʦζ˵֮ҪӱСģΪ̰ıԼ
ͷ֪٣Ǿʵʵſѧš
¯ʲôʬĴ¯ӣһƬĿռ䣬Ҳ˵һĹͣʬ䡣
λʣµ·Ǹôߣһ𣬻Ƿɢһֱô˵ߺȻˣȻôᣬһȴû졣
˵һǳҪ⡣
ɽһжյ㣬ô;ĹпָܻĶΪ϶֣ʮֲġ
˵ֿĻԴҶкô˴˶ܹջҲΪͬʱʲôִӶӰյᡣ
ͬɢţͷһʾܴͬȽأ·;ϵһˣôùĿ϶壬Ŀǲͬġ
Ҳͬ⡣
û⣡
˷׷ױ̬վʦԣʦȻʹ
屾һ˵Ҳȫͬ⣬ҾԼ˵˵λõ֮ͬʱ
һ̣˶ʼÿһΪɢ
ɢұߡ
໥֮䶼ʶţ˴ȷλã˹ֽţʧܡ
붯ԽĻ˿϶Ƚ˳ܹһߣ˵Ǽ顣
ǱҲǷֳķݣǣûλֻεطֳ·ÿһ·һλ
˶Ԥλ֮ſʼмĴɽȥ
干ֳ˰·ߣٶȶǲŴɽнһδҶѷڱʶ˻ÿʲôÿ顣
ʦ˼֮㽫ٶȷŵĸˣʦƺл˵ֲһ󷨣˵ϵܣʲô֪ץʱʣһûʱˡ
ûʱˣüͷһ֪һ·Բôߵġ
ͷһ£ʵʦ֪Ŀռ䵽ǲ磬¯ߵʲôܹôƴȥᡣ
ʦһۣһЦ˵ϵʵĺð磬Ҳ磬һռвĵطڴ߿ٵĿռ䡣⣬˵ıͲ˵ˡ
˵һЦ²ǲ˵ǲ˵ʱ׼ǰȥɣ
ڣʦ˵ߵı˵зǳ࣬ЩϵģȴһܹȡߣЩڰģԼĳһжҪûУ
⡭δе̫˰ɣ
ȻúܺЦо͵ϵһ㡣
ϵܣô˵ܲţһˣˣʦصһЦžͲ˵ˡ
ˣ¯жôͣȻô顣
ʦû˵뷨ˣҲͱͣʵʵظǰߡ
ԼĪаʱǰ̽·ͣӣغʦж


385 ס
ǹ¯κγֵĶǱ
һ˲䣬˶ӵ˵˵ߣ̽·֮һ
ʦһǿʵΪʲôûп
̽·ָָ֮ǰһʯԱһССĶѨԼܹ֮â˸
˶һƣɲôţСѨʱʱػðЩɫĹâ档
ѵҲбʲôЩʵʶ̽˹ȥ
ʶһǶѨıԵһǿð˳ʶ˻ȥ
⡭ʲô⣬üͷСѨ
ʦǺһЦļ˵ϵܣطĺܣǧҪʶȥ̽飬Ϊ㲻֪ߵȴĻʲôǱȽº͵ģһǿƵģ㲻ʶܵ޴Ӱ졣
ΪȻͷʵվһߣҲżš
Ƕ߸ոĵһǲǱ¶ûеõĿܣԼǳҪģǵȵ˵
ʦӣỺСѨȥ˼󷨣Էһ
ƺǲĻ˿ǶѨ֮ڵɫâ
ףȻзӦöǺöʦ۾ˣ·ǶӼζһ㣬޲ȥá
ʦһֱ˶ѨԱߣǾʯ֮ϵһ¡
࣡
һεķһ£ű㿪ʼӵʯͷ֮ϡ
˺һ㣡ΧҪⶫˡʦͷҲص˵˷ܡ
ڵ˶ȥʯʦΧߡ
ʦһϵһĨء
ƣʦȻ̧֣һƥžһײǾʯ֮ϡ
˵ĲȻɫĹ⻪ǶѨ֮Ѹٵӵʯϱߣ·γһ֡
ʦɫƽ˫Ǿʯȵٸƣ
˫һâ䵽˾ʯ֮ϣϵسɫĹ⻪
ɫ⻪ÿζܹסʦĹȴû˿ķʱһȻǽ
ʦһϲãһ֣ȵƣ
ȵ˲ʦָγһŴ۵ĹţವһӱԽ˶̶̵ľ룬ײ˾ʯ֮ϡ
¡һ죬ʯ֮ϵɫ⻪׵رɢ֮䡣
ʦȴǲͣϵطǾʯ֮ϣʯҲΪǿ÷ֱ
ܿ죬ʯѾСһ飬ɢɫĹâƺĴڼء
ףȻܼ֣ãܺðҵҪжٱ£ʦٺЦţȻڵı²СǵûзУʮָˡΪⶫԽôõ֮󣬶ʦĺôҲԽ
ϸǱɫâŵʯͷǾһĲߴƺЩΣգƺĳԼԼڴ
ʦ˫һƥ⻪˸ѣϵʯͷķ
ۿʯͷҪֲסˣʦ˷ܵЦ˫˸żĹâ
˵ĲʯͷϴʯͷƺҪˡ
Ҫܣߺߣûô׵ģʦͺһ˫ʯͷΧ󷨣Ҫʯͷס
˫һضʯͷʱǹĸоԽˣһٻԼĸĸ
ôʮֲ⣬Ҳûż˵ʲôֻĬĬȴţʦδ
䣡
֮УǱסʯͷѾϵسײΧ󷨣ÿһײ󷨱۵Ĺâ
ÿʱʦѹ࣬ϵ˷ܱҲԽ
ɣɣʹɣҿ㵽жٱ£ʦٺЦź֮оǷ
ײԽǿˣʯͷϢҲڻؼ֮УۿžҪûз֮ˡ
ʱʯͷ·֪ԼҪ군һ㣬ȻԹԵڵϣһֻ׵ĸ
ʦʱ㵸ؽеãðҵˣҵˣ
ʱʯͷȻһΪ۵Ĺâ·̫ǰһ
ʦһ㶣ʶر۾۾ʱȴʯͷѾʧӰˡ
Ϊʲôʦæ˰죬ջʯͷܵˣŭͬɽһ緢˳
Χ˶ʵʵصԴһ仰Ҷ˵
ǸʦȲҪżʱЩȻ
ʦͷһʱסˡ
УһɢɫâʯͷղŷѾĲſס
ʦҲ֪ô£ʯͷԼܹˡ˵ûʦֲ֪ʲôõʯͷʯͷԼ˹Ҳûа취
ʦʯͷ߽ͣߣʯͷ
ϵı任ܹоһʮƵϢʦš
ʦ㡣еʯͷƳ˫ֽʦ
ʦ鷳ôſסģûиκͶȻԸ˼ҵսƷ
ʦȴ̾ϢһһԹ˵ˣϵܻǵ֮ǰ˵Ļ𣿡
ʲôʵʦһ·Ͼûͣ˭֪˵ʲô
ʦͷĿŲؿʯͷ˵ϵҸղŻ߹㣬ܲܵõҪģ㻹ǵ𣿡
￩һͷеʯͷЦѵҡͷ˵ôɺϰɣ
黹ɺϣʲô鶼ûܹõ⺱ʯʦıʮȤҪҲ֪ʯҲܹʹõġ
˼ؿһȥ˫ֲ֪ǸûǾͷ
ʦ֣˵ϵܣʱ벻ҪģʯѾΪˣˣʯҲȥ
ԭˣΪʦղŵ۾涼֪ʯصĻͳ˰ɡ
ʦ֪ʯʲôôҴû˵ⶫʯУЩεؿʵǰôһˣʹ֪˼Һƣյʱֻʦܹˡ
ʦͷ˼һ£ſ˵ʯ飬ֻ֪ܹ֮ڣñ˵ķܹԶγһס
Զγף
ⲻڿЦɣȻΪʦôˣôĶȻõˣˬ


386 ŵ
ʦݶҼסˣʯУʦ˹֣ôûʦŬⶫҲᵽС
ѾڵĵزʦôˬҲûа취ҲĿ󷽵ذ˰֣˵ϵ㲻ö룬עģ㻹Чΰɡ
ô˵ˣҲͲڷϻֱһЩܵʯ֮С
ɫĹâʱʢֱ֮ӽϵչ֮ܿγһɫס
׷·ɫʯɵһ㣬ɢ˵ɫâܲ
ãʯ׷ȻɵؽǾ޴
׵ķǿټɫ䣬ҵķԺֱײˣϲ뵽ԭ쳣ǿ˫һ޷Ƶıݡ
ϵܣϲʦ˹ԭӦĶȴ˱˵ϣߵζܺˡ
ǹ˹֣һл
ʦ̾Ϣһ˵ˣǼɣһο˭ðɡ
˷׷׵ͷ۾ߵĽʺȫʰ̡̤
һױͬɫˮһγһ˸ŵɫâʯͷ뵽ڣڵ֮
¯ؾ֮УɫԶڵģֻǻ谵ķΧʮѹ֣ѹֵЩ
վʦߣܹܵʦĲˬҲ֪ԼµҪʱúðæһˡ
ڻߵؾ֮УǳĬһ˫˫۾ȴسܣҪѰҵһԼı
һʱʮְҲû˷ʲôĴڡ
˭ûзѰңΪ˭Ҫʲôܹȡ

ģߵƽԭ֮ϣһɭķ磬
Сģݷˡʦ۾һУһ˵Ĺâ俪ƺڵʮֲˬ
ϵɨΧȴȻûзʲôΣڡ
ףǹôûˣ
԰ղŻܹоôھʧˡ
ǲʲôˣ±Ƿֶ֣ˡ
żģжĻ϶ֵġ
ԣҶע㣬˵ǵõĻᣡ

һһ˵ô˵ıħ˶˵һ䡣
ŵرʮϡ٣ʺԼıٵĿеһӿҲûмеȴһʯһ㣬ϵűԼ
ԣҰ
һΣ˵Ǳħ֮˺
üͷڿ֮µ΢΢ţڸ֪ʲô
ʦ˺𼸲еʵôˣʲô
ʦжҪң﷢һĨţоһ;
ʦؿź𣬴ĽǶȲô̽飬ûзʲôͷĵطġ
ȷжڲǶԺĻǺܸȤȻ˵üͷšһǲ⡣
֪ΪλжרȥҺأѵΪһﻵˣ
ȻܵģҶǴˣ˭֪ʱ鷳Ŀ϶ǱʲôӵıԹ¯ľûһǲģ
һĶڵҪȥֿһʱ֮ȻԼ徹ȻѾڿ˰˸ߣ
ô£
𾪻ʧ룬û飬ƾǿʵû
𣬲Ҫżᡣʦǵ˵Ϊʲôûио
䣬ʦĿ䵽ϣĿǰΪֹֻ˵жڡ
ʦĿ⣬Цһ˵ֻܹожڣʲô֪
ʦû˵ʲôǺؼ˵٣ң
ģϵѪ͵ʧˣֻػָͣ
ף⵽ʲôˣΪĹܵԭĸ֪ǳУȻܹжΧںߣȴҲ޷ȷʲô
ϵܣǺߵ·ܳҿ㻹ǰɣ϶ỹǼֻСġʦһתƣǼӲӥ
ʵû뵽һ㣬ֺֻͼ֪ǶǸʲô
Ȼʦô˵ˣҲûбҪƴǣͷ˵ʦҲұ֤ܹһȥԡ
ʦͷû˿ĲͿġ
ǰ˼ߣϸظǹֵĴڡ
һ㣬ǲһ㣡
е㲻ͷֱץץ˺ĸ첲۾
ںڣڿ״̬֮У໥ײţȴַʽĳ֡
ԣӦǺұֶΣҪȷǶüͷɿʲôʱ侲ʤѡ
˼һ£ǾԼ뵽ڣܹظоǶʲô
һĵ뵽˺ڣڼݵʱڱںһ顣
˺ڵ֮Ҳ֪˺Ϊλʹˡ
ڸղŵʱѾڲ֪֮½뵽˺ڣ̾ʶ֮УͲʲô˻
ǶѾ뵽ʶˣҪֵĻ»ǳʹడüͷ˵ǳΣգһʧֵĻܾͻһʬ塣
ĿͣʦϣҪ֪һ˼ûʦڵʱǺü΢ȴǼᶨޱȵ˵ңҪģң
ͷȻ˵߲˵ļһòȣԼˡ
ڳ򽻵ĹУѾļɣ˵Ȳ֪ɱ˶˵ĶˣֱʩչԷԼˣҲܵǣͷ
Ŀǰ£ܹҲһ£Լкôġ
ʮìܣȴʮȤ飬ȻǰϵЩ֤ϵ
ãҰ㣬ܳɰܣҶҪǼСһҴӦ׶ġͷҲǴӦ
ʹصͷʶѾס˲ٵط޷˵ˡ
˵ãʡǷϻӸı⡣
ǰûмĶģֱܹ뵽˵ʶ֮У̾塣
ҲΪǶʶ֮ڣеܹʰ
ǿʲôʵ֮⣬Ȼױȵʶ˰ڼϿĸֶΣҲûһᡣ
ʦΪһһᾡɵģתͷʦһۣϿҵ˵
ֻ߷ǳҪĴڣˣʦҲһʮ־޴ʧ
ãϵܾܷľǣʦһڴӦգգϸϸ۾֪ʲô


387 Ԫ
һ׼ĵ״̬
Ͼǵһ飬صĻҪһЩĺá
ץס˺ͷ­ر۾Լǿʶںʶ֮еĴڡ
ҵⶫһԪĶԪһרԪӤΪʳĿֲڣһԪ淢ΧԪӤϢڣԸָϲķʽԪӤ֮С
֮УԪӤʱڷ˲̽ʱǻᷢǱԪӤĵطѾʣһƬһЩӵķ㡣һеԪӤֵֶ飬ҵǿֲԪ棬նɱ
ԪĿֲԶԶţûһԪӤڵĸָС
ʶѰԪڵλãֻе㲻ͷ
ԣⶫӦþԪûû̬һһĴڡüͷԴٵתţһеĿܡ
ģһ󵨵ز²Դߡ
һֻԪѾˣһڻǵ״̬Ԫƾ״̬ܹں״ֱ̬֮뵽ڡ
Ѿˣȴֲ֪ΪʲôԪǣǺǣȤﵽʲôģȻĶСʦ˵ûд˱ȻʱҲǻΣյġŵ˫΢΢һ£лָƽ֮С
ûʱˣǱںʶ֮еԪڴźʶƺѾﵱ˳ѨȻûԪӤôζҲǲˡ
Ԫǵڣһָȥأ
ҺһԪʶٶԽԽ죬ԥȥ»һֱ
ˣһ԰ɣСӵ󡣡һģǴ㳢һˣȴź³ʶԸɾȻһû˻ǵʬ壬ԪĲٿֿ֮µ顣
һڵܿתǿʶֱӽԪǵΧ
Ԫ͸оˣʶ֮ðһԴϱ߹һӣ͵Ǻҹ֮еĶǡ
ͣôһ£ԪǾȻ뵽ʶ֮УԸӿٵٶȿʼ
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ߣƾûԪҲҪѣȥɣһʶҲΣǿӲֱ̬ӽڵԪǸ
һʶǱͲ԰׵ɫȻѪ죬ʹ鱬
ȿȿȿȡ
߷˵Ѫɫ۾ͻţƺҪһ㡣
˿ΪʶԪסԺֱӷ˿
ǿʶ֮жʱ˾κˣǿĳԪصʶ˲ʧ٣ԪǶܵ˲˺
ںѾ۵ùǺˣҪֱץţڿѾڵϷĴˡ
ȷǿĴڣһʩչԪǾèһ㣬ʶ֮ڷӴţײţҪµĵط
ǽʣµļ򵥵رܸɲһǵץ뿪ĻǵȴĽ
ϧʶ̫ǿˣͲûʵĻܹײƵġ
ۿ޷ˣԾԪǾȻˡ
ǵģȷǷˣΪֱܲӶʶγɵļ̱ݴڴڵؿȻ޷̫ʶƬٻЩɾ͵ġЩɵ˵Ƭ֮Խǿˡ
ͷ֮ԪǷ´½һ㣬˿᲻ֱնɱһеؿʼ˷˺ҧ
ǺǣСǸ֪ҵͻƿڡûйϵȻԵĻҾԸ᲻һЦԪĿ˵ˣֻû뵽״̬ܹô̬
ֱӼӴʶķԪɶ٣֮ϣԪǾسԸ
ʱѾʩչϵسԪǱͲʵ塣
Ԫǲϵɣֱϵģ֮侹Ȼﵽһƽ⡣
ʱˣԪȷ
һתƣͷԪȥʱ䳤˶ԼʶҲǺܴġ
ֱʶ֮мһЩԼǿ־ͿЩʶԪ֮ºԵظоԪǵԼϢ
԰ɣ԰ɣܹԶ٣ԵԽԽðдЦԪǲôվǸûǻ۵Ĵڣഫǻȣվǲ̫ࡣ
ԪɵʶԽԽ࣬оԪѾԼʶչһַʽ
ɣʱˣͺһֱӼӴ˿ȡ
ǿĿʩչټЩʶ߱־һԪֹͣ˶ͬǱȡĻһˡ
һЦ֪ԼķЧˡ
ʩչ֮ԪǾȫͬˣһֻʩչ˿Ԫǿܡ
ԭôãͷĽֻʮġ
ֻǳԵķȴȡ˾޴ĳɹ벻˶Ѱ
ԪǱסһɹϢԪǵϴݵԴߣټѾ֣Ҳ顣
ԪǵȷǸ֮ǰ¯ոճֵʱˣֻûлŵԪӤǿߣȻûʳʱܹ֣ʱһûнʳ£ֻѡ˽״̬
֮жȹ֮Ԫ滹ǲɱߵľͷ֪ʲô飬֮Լʵûֻûһʽš
ԣԺԪǱ㲻ϵعκλֻҪʶܹṩһЩʳ
ǺãͳԪѡһʳ
ĻҲⲻ˳Ϊһʬ塣
ԪѾˣʶ֮аɣԺܹΪá۾һ뵽һķӡ
ǲмڿƺģܵķͷԪȴǲͬʶֻΪ˽ʳûʲô󣬶Ҳгͷ
׬ˡЦںʶ֮һõԪԪӤԭԭԽʶߵĲΣ⻹ܹһ¿
һЩֽţԪ֮ųĳһ۾
ѾǶʰˡ
ʦһЦ¶ݴһƣ


388 ʱ˲
ˣϵȻҵľϲϰʦЦ˵ѾǺϵʹʧˣɫҲָ
һЦڰ˵ã˵ʵãҸղѾܵЩķɣҪһˡ
ģģϵܹº㹻ˡʦĿ˸̬Ѿڲ֪˱仯
ʦԼûвԵظо⻰֮һĬȻԶһֽжԴԶ
ʱ򣬺Ҳ۾ʹһֱӳľһ٣лл֮
ڰ֣һ仰Ҳ˵ֻĿ⵭Ȼؿź𣬷·֮ǰû˿ı仯
ǲʲôѵҪϵܾõ𣿡ʦǸˣ֪ҪԼսƷ
˺ΪȴǼֻС꣬е⡣
æС꾡ͻؾһ
·ûмһֱӾͰǸС뵽˰׶ߣС˯ȥˡ
Сһƺû˼˸ӣͣ˯˹ȥ
׶СǻˣӦûܸ˰ɡ׶ҴӦѾˡᣬǿԼĺһ㡣
ʱʦĻﴫز⣺ϵܣмҲף˵˵
ͷʾϼһ˵ˡ
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ǼֻȻеôԶԶһǿߵĳŵܹġ
ŵҵĳŵҴӦ˰׶϶ġƽ˵ʦȻģȴѾͣٶ˵
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ʦѾһˣߵ·;ٹʱܵɽˡ̽·˹ر
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ҡҡͷֻöԷǵµĶҲûʲôա
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벽ԪӤʹùìӵ¹ѾԽ˵ݸȷˡ
ֻ˵ɫÿҪĵˡ
˷ɢסҪ󷨣Ҳ죡ʦһ֪Ǹ˵ԼãȻʱϵ鷳
Ǿ仰鷳ֵʱҲǻͱֵʱκʱ䶼ܹ˵ͨġ
ʦĻ䣬ϵķ󷨾ʹһǿһĲǼֲ˼ˡ
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һ󷨱ʦ뵽˵֮ϣǿҪٴαü᲻ɴݡ
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ʦ󷨵ǿԼֱӽ󷨽һأǶֱ֮֮ӽһиգ
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˵ǰһȻڸ档
⡭ôǸã࣡
ҵ찡ȻôߣҺûбǹìУ϶·һ
벽ԪӤǰ벽ԪӤǸô죿

ﴫһҵɸߵĴ߻һһɳĹì˭ŵ׷
ʲôʲôбʦڣغ£ʦŭһϢղһ͵ϮˣһӻûеطȻҪһġ
ʦʲôһöܹӵа벽ԪӤΪʵ̫ˡʵ֪ⶫγɵģֻǿʲô֪ʦˡ
һ˫ϸϸ۾ɨһۣʦ˵ħһǵĹͨϵĹԼʵһͷħʵǿѾǧ꣡
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˴඼û˵ħֶһǧ꣬ûеЩ˶̵Ĳ˼ʮ꣬Ҳǲİ꣬ҪȻҲ޷ƵŶ֣ؾͱûˡ
ǧħӦҲǲ֪ƶٶôˣڽɣǾֻ֮ˡ˫۶ǹħȥһûио˿Ĺ첨
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ϵܣ֮ǰǷоһĲʦЩȷ˫۶ǹìȴǿʵ
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ʦǸ̰ƺݶ֮ˣס϶ԥնɱܸҲУ
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̴Ҳǰ׳գȻԼ˨˵Ŀϱߡ
ɣħҼʶʶǿɣʦ־ŭХ֮䣬ȻѾΧ󷨣һڹӡ

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Ƿì⣬ɢűĺ⣬ʦԴֻһ֮ң
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Ȼ᣿Цˣ˶ҪˣȵĹƨᰡ
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ϵ˼ϸܣ±߻ǿʰħɣķԽԽˣҿ¼ֲ˶١ħʵӦûߣֻûӳһµõ˹ìǾûа취ˡʦЩ󷨺ǿûҲܲסħǿڵĲʴ
ͷվ˹ħԣΧĹħȴ·ʲôûпһ㡣
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ħ͸оͼŭͬʱޱȵţƺҪԼİ
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ħǸ򲻶鰡Щɵˣʶ֮µĹħҲΡ


391 Կ
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סʦǹ¯ûȷԵİȫ֮ǰҪ³çʶȥ̽ʲôܵǿҵķɡ
һĨʶؿ͹ĹǽڣҪʱȴǹǽϰ׹һӲʶסˡƺȷһʶĹһǰ׹Ȼֱӽ˿ϸʶɵˡ
ǳԵʲôζһ㣬׹̽һûҵµʶ˻ص˹ǽ֮С
գҺǰжʶȻһ˳ҵҵĴڡ̾СĽȷġ
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ⶫ̫ˣȿûɵĵط۾һʶСķţֳַһ󲿷ʶȥ̽˫ȡ
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Ⱥ˻ûģ뻹֪Ȱ˵뿪΢һ㣬ԼΣյʱӦûеĻǾû˼ˡ
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ԶֳֵⴥأȻͦɢһӰԵơ
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ԱⲻڿЦİɣħϸûʲôȥԱ
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ʦ޷뿪еǸìڷĲţĶĹħֲ֪ʲôȻܷ֡
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ۿԽԽԶйìķСǵЦԽԽŨʶֱУһʶ

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Ϊڳ˶û˵Ȼôһޣ
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ȻԼһ̰֣̽ѰģչһȺʲôС
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Сģʦȵһ˵ķӦ졣
ǰǴɽɽ֮£һģӰնӰģĺܣһ˫۾ȴѩ档
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˵㵽ʲôˣҪװŪʦŭˣƾݲǵﶼһӰȻβŭ
ʱӰĿ䵽ʦϣֻ鲼Ųмʦŭ緢Խˡ
ʦ԰꣬ûвʦĶ˵˫۽ضӰûдӰϸܵɱ⡣
ʦĻͷΣŰʵʵر͡
һյĹӰǰƶ˼Ȼˣ࣬ӭ¯ǵļලߡ
ʲôмලߣ϶ڿЦģ
˶ŵؿǰӰһʶɨӹȥȴû˿ķ֣Ӱ·һӰһ
ӰලߵĿٴɨһܣ˵Ϊලߣһȫ̸ǣȷûףϣܹ䣬ͦ˵ÿһ仰
һӣ˷ˣһޱȵͬʱðɣ


395 ʽ
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¯˼ĵֶ̣ôһƨ棬ǿ˵ûʲôô
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ɱΪʲôʵϿ»ûʲô޷նɱġ
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ලߣʲôǲ㻹ǰǵĺãʦһתƣʵ
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Ȼ˸ලߵӰ˶ǰ޵壬翵Ϣһģӿ̳һ㡣
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һɱʢ磬ֻлˣʸýǣϣܹŬҪ̫ɾˣҪȴˡǵĵƺЩС
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ڣһŭ޴ĶѨ֮ػصţ񲻰
СķҪսţɫһ䣬Ȼ˵ָ任ͣȫ
ʦͬͺһΧ󷨣ȻҲǸоΣյĴڡͬʩչֶΣñΣһˡ
ۿֻεҡҡͷˣ˼Ǳ߾һҪ˿Ҳúۣ߾ͲͬˣҸΪս˵һӾ군
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396 ǻ
еԽ̶ˣֻöسײͷ
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ܼĽŲڶѨľͷһȺ׵Ķˡ
һɫ˲ЩѿˣΪЩ׵ĶǱģǹǻǡ
νĹǻǣʵȥ֮û𻵣ΪĳԭܣӶԹͼϴڵʽ档
Щǻǵ汻һɫĹţԼܹܵ壬һŨĳζǵϴ
ãЩǻǵĹûȫܹﵽħĻͲȥֱˡ뵽˵ĵʵһħܹѾ˼òײŸɵˣ޾Ĺǻأ
Ҫ֪ӸոճֵһͷǻǵΪֹ۾ϰֻǻڳڴȻԴԴϵðƺûֹͣ˼
ϰֻǻһƾˣضѣѾԸоԵ廢Ӷʼˡ
ûа취ǵʵ̫ˣȺǻϵϢûнµİвٹǻǵϢѾǽ۷壬ҪΪĻ⣬˵ͽ뵽ԪӤˡ
СģҪײˣʦЩǻڹֱ֮ӷֱֳײ˹
飡
һ̣ϵײʦõ󷨸ǹ⻪˸Ϣ
һû뵽ЩǻǵʵȻ֮ǿһ֮¾Ͳʦ󷨱ˡ
֮£ʦֻܹӴȹ󷨣ñơ
ڹǻǵĳ֮£һ飬Щ˽ᱻǻǳ׷ֿһʱܸ˵ʵôǿֻҪûгԪӤڣǾȻûжԸķ
΢ȹһ֮󣬱Ըӿ񱩵ķʽۿһ̾Ҫˡ
һ䣬ͬһ󷨣ʦǻǵĳ
ϵܣʣµľҪˣʦһ󷨰æֵѹʱࡣ
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ǻǵĹȻûйħôǿ󣬵ҲһĹܹƵģӿ鷳˰üͷţȻ޷ЧɱˣǾùװ׵˷
ϵܣ⹥ЧðҿܲܿЩǻǡʦ˲䣬һ䣬в²ʦǲѾ֪ԼܹʩչǿĿ
תһ룬Ƶֶλкܶ࣬Լʶǿ󣬱˶Ҳǿģ˲ñʦʲô鷳
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ʶǻ˲䣬ǹǻſ죬һŭ
ϧû˿ķʵʶǿ̫ˡ
ʶһ·ǰУܿͽǻǵѰһܣڹǻǵԴ֮ȴܵ谭
ףȻǿʶ谭ȵһƺš
ʶ谭ĳ̶ȷǳǿƾֶΣǵרĶԿܹƽ⣬ִ֮ûа취
ǿʶ谭ͬһ᲻ɴݵıεػסǻǵĻǺģ޴֡
ʦǻǿʶ谭ҵʶûЧƲķΣֻʵʵ˵ˡ
ʦԳԾһ£̽ʶһ֮ɫͬѿĺܡ
ǺãͨĹ޷Чʶͬã˵Ҫʦϴ㵲ѣû뵽ոտʼ뵽˾֮а
ʦҪżס˵취϶еģ¯еĴѾãǿ϶ʲôԸİ취ֻҪź«ưͿˡһתƣһǰ취İ취
ʦͷ̾Ϣһ˵ڿҲֻǰ취İ취ˡ
漴ͣ˹󷨣ٴμӹ˷֮Ŀר־ؿ塣
ĴǱߵһģһһֻֻ׺ޱȵĹǻǷسŹǣƺ֪ͬһ塣
Ĵƺûżһɫ糣صֵţƺڵȴʲôᡣ
Ҳ²ûд֮бȻӦԷӣǸŵȴͺáͷ̬ƽ˫۽ضǱ߲һ̣ʶȴɢһȥ̽ǹǻǵܡ
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ֵܻͬܶоͬʶôЩǻʶֻͬ˵һˡеĹǻǶǱͬһʶš
ǰֶ֮ͨο˹ǻǣ¯ߵ־ŻôһΪľǱٴηеĵ˵㹻ĿռʩչĻǶЩ۷Ĺǻ˵һѡ
ûʶ谭ҪʱܹסһƬǻΪԼã
¯־˼ĺڴ˫΢΢ţһâ漴ָ
ϵǲ֣ʦоϢı仯ΪѾҵ˷æʵ
ҡҡͷֵͷʮ־˵ʦЩǻǿǱ¯ʶ֧ͬģʶڼලǵͬʱҲŶԿǵİ취
ǡƽ֮𣿡ʦɫһʶǶôǿǶôĿֲҪƾЩ˵ʵȥĻȻǲܵġ
Цһ˵ʵһͷûУֻܵˡ
ʦͬЦֻҡҡͷάˡ
ǱߣȻǵĴڷ֮ǰһúµģ
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ģǱ߷һĵŭ
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397 
Ǳߵŭ˵ľһ֪϶Ҫʩչĳֶˡ
ֻĴеĽţһ۵Ľɫâſͬһ̫һ㡣
ǿϢ˲ռ֮ڣеĹǻǶˡ
ɴ۾ţʶһֱŽţı仯Ļ뿪Ψһ취
ţŭȻӦһؿһۣһ֣ȻǶЦˡ
Сüͷ˼һǲʲôıơ
ͼģӽţߴڳֵ˲Ǿ޴ĳƵʲ
һ˲䣬ţ˵ĸоͲһˣ·뵽Ѩ֮һ㡣
ԣӦòԣţǡͷ뷨ţôһ©
ţĶԽˣؾȻӶࡣ֪ǿɲǽţıˣΪٶȼĶ֮󣬲ŻĴ
ܿ죬ţϵϢùŹϢֱ뵽˷֮У˶ߡ
ʱΧߵĹǻǶʧ˹Ŀһ㣬׷ÿֱӱˡ
˿ĿɿڴĽţʩչ˺εֶΣȻַܹʽƭǻǡ
ϵܣ㡭㿴𣿡ʦ˼ʵԲѧŶҲǵһμ顣
Ҳ֪ʲôѾһЩĹؼڡʶһ̶ֱڼֻǻǵߣ̽ǵķı仯
ţƵʴﵽĳ̶ֳȵʱЩǻǶĵ࣬Ȼ͵ûˡ
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ٶȲϵţʶҲ̽Źǻǵı仯
ÿĲٶһЩǹǻǶĵ˼֣ȷпùǻǶûκεġ
ߣǽţҲǸĻļһȻ߰غ˰죬ҲԻĵİɡغһԷǳٶŶڴƶˡ
Ҳ룬Լ嶶ϵѰǸƵʡ
ʱ֮ҵ˺ʵƵʣ̶ֳȵĶ֮£ǻǶû˿ķӦڿһ޴ʯͷ
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ҲˣǽţҲǳܹάֵڵƵѾǳͲһ㡣
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ϵǸ˰Ȼ̶ܹȣЩǻѾϵܱʾˣǲõˡʦˣܿͿߵè塣
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ǻǵҲǸֵĴڣӦѾõ¯־Ƶʵķʽвٿأ֮п϶йżַܿǻǵĹ
ʵһֱڽ¯ʱҲֻǿ̶ֳܹȣʣµĶΪļӲ̶Ȳﲻ׼ǸӲ뵽ٽƵһЩЩǻǲƣ
Ѩ֮ڣ˶òǴû˵һ壬˵̶ֳܹ࣬ȣ򶼲ôֱӾܹǻˡ
⡭ôܣǿȾȻһҪߣţ𾪵ؿȻƵʶˡ
һ˲䣬ܵǿֵ߳Ĺǻʱ˿־壬µؽ֮˸ΧƴĹš
˼˼ʦǼ߰ɣЦţ˵زˡ
˵ĲܹѹǻǵΧѾһЩ¯
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398 ʯ
һ˵ȣΧʮڶûһֻǻǴڣߵĹǻǶ໲ҽſܿ
ЩǻǱͨƵƣƵʳԽˮƽ֮󣬱ǿ־ڣͬĿֲѹһ
ϵܣսҲҪմմı˰սһģﻹ֪ô˵͸ſ˹
ûлشֻǿʦһۣȥϾ˼ʦͷˣֵٺҲֻǰæġ
ʦ⣬һЦðȻսҪʦ˳糵ǾɣֻԺҪһ֣Ҫɱ̫
ٺ٣ʦ̫ˣڶǸߣռǵıˣȻҪеģģİսͬǸ᲻֪ʦ˼ǽռҵıˣ߷ֱʱ͵øһӡ
ûˣ֪أʦЦеʵĻǲ࣬ڶһôĻʱǿܻԿС
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ڳǰûܹԵĺƽжݵĺƽҲΪĳ뻹߰ɡ
ǣ˾ǶڹСһǰȥ
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399 Ϊ
ߣЩ治Сû뵽ǻôͽ鷳
ʦһ˭û뵽˻ô͸Ϲˡ
Ͼ˭֪ʯֵʲôŹ֣һոյõʱϵƾʹ˱Ĩɱˡ
ǵƻǴڵģҪšһӣЩ֮ΪѾĳЩϢȻǳ֡һЦ˵֮Ķš
һҲǣ˶֪ţֶζľˣǼװѾõƽ֮ĻǵǿϷŪһ֮ˡ
ɴˣһļıͿ԰Ȼʩչˡ
ԲǸͨˣʵҪڳ˶Ҫߣıɵѧǽţƽܹ֮ڶȷһ˰
ʱ򣬴Ҳ¿ʲôȻ棬ǿ
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ףЩһôìͷָˣȻ֣Ǳߵ˶ڵһ˫˫۾ܹɼ⵶ĻѾǧٿ˰
Цһһ־ͳɹĽĵⶼ˹δЩ̫ûԴ˰ɣ
Ҳѹ֣ţˮƽʵˣڿԼܹ߾ϵʱȴƶƲס֮ȶȷҪֵ̽ġ
Ǻǣ벻ĴҲǱʱ򰡣˼սһһؼѹֵʱ̾Ȼˡ
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ʱǱŭ˵ֻҪţһͷǾͻĳȺ˺ƬȻ¸бɷ㣡
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ʼ򣬷˼ѾԼǺˣҲûа취
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˵˵ô찡һǴʲôǱߵСӶѧĻǻ˵ã
֪ˣǵУǵĴа취ġ
ǰǰظɣһҪɱʹģ

߾˸ղŵ֮󣬻Ȼû½٣ÿһ޵߶һҪѰʵĻᣬȻֱӸɵȺࡣ
һʱ䣬徹ȻγһĺƽദĻ档
һʱ˶ָĲˣ׷۾ŭĿš
ˡ
ģʯ֮ϣһӰ¶Ǽලߡ
ලһ֮󣬱ɨһۣ׼ලͻȻѡ
ලһñ˵ϲѾͨ˵һأŸոտʼǵϢʱѾˡʱڣͨƬʯ֣ȴǵĽĳͷ
˶٣ƺڵλල߲ſ˵ϣǼͣʼˡ
˵꣬ලߵӰʧӰ٣ûгֹһ㡣
ظԼ°ͣԼԽԽϲӼල߻ǱߵֻƬ֮зϢˣЩϢûʲôôʵ֤ⶼһЩȡʤĹؼڡ
ල߸ղ˵ʱƣ¯ߵһؿʱƵġ
ʱһ㣬ӽ뵽Ѩڣǡþʱʱ䲻һ֣һ롣
Ǽල֮ڳ֣Ϊʱոյɡͷ¯ĻѾ˽˲١
һڸߵȼĴڣ²ʲôŴµĶǴĶҪȻҲôߵǻۺ־
ֻʱڻûͷôãܲһֱЩжɣս·һûĺһ㣬̲סؿ˵
ԴʮֲмսĻʵ̫ˣ֪ΪԸʹȻǹΪ֮֮ǲԸȥĻԸ⽫һﶨλΪһͶߣϲķκľͨеĹؿȻĹͷȫᡣ
˷ǳ£ʱǻ̵޷ĵزһץס˻ᣬ㹻ǰߵţ϶У
ʱǱߵĴվ˳мĵش
˲ͽ˶ΪҪսˣ׷׼׼ս
ģţмһ˵ôţһµġ
ⲻڿЦɣĴȻ
۾һöȹʯ֣ŵˡ
ʦһɫʾȽʲô㡣
ʦ⣬ǰһл˵ɣ
ţͷ֪ζȹʯ֣Ҫ


400 ƽ֮
֪ζȹʯ֣Ҫ⻰ӽţ˵Щϡ
Ҳ˵Ļûпǵ
ϾղŻǺɱھתͷ˵ҪҪûеè壬ǲܵġ
֪ǲţҲԸǺʱ̫٣ֻ˺лɡţȻ֪ЩʲôֱӴ󷽷ذԭ˵˳
ʦһԼ°ͣ˵ôȷķǶԵģһҪ·°ӣָô죿
ߣ˵ǺǰŲšţƢȻСһ̼ˣͲˬˡ
ʦüͷһȴҲЦеʵλţ˵ģǵкĿܣǼٵģǾûа취ˣ԰ɣ
սһվʦĻͷ˵ʦ˵ûдֻҪܹȷ˵ÿһ仰ģҲˣʲôеĻǿԴӦλҲûɣ
սĿ䵽ˮ̵Ϳߵϣڵõȷ֮󣬽Ŀ»ص˽ţϡ
ţһѹŭ׺ɨÿһˣͣϡ
㣬кĿ𣿡ţȻʵȻûдˣֱȥˡ
⵹Щ⣬Ҳ֮е飬Ͼÿ±ķͷ߻ҪһЩ
ص˵ͷ϶˵ҾпܣȻ˵ĺܶԣҪóĳ⡣Ҷû֮ĶԹ޷֤ġԣɡ
ػˣţƺǷ˺ܶ࣬˼ص˵ͷ˵أҺ㣬ûĽޣǿܻΪѡ
ӾЩɵˣ⻰ҪǴһ˵һ㣬ȴһﴫⲻڿЦɣ
Ϊ棬Ͽҵصͷ˵ҲơԺ飬˭ܹǰԤأ
ţһ֣¶һŷƵļݣͷȵãҽţٴηģΪ˶ȹʯ֣ԸʵʱҲǷĥѣ׽ٰ棡
׽ٶ߼ΪµĶţȻ˵ǾûбҪȥˡ
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죡ϣҶܹջ񡣡ͬ¶ڵݣܹظоţûٵġ
Ժ֮ͣǷֱ˼»ص˶ǰС
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ǿԵжôǿڲϱ任֮߰£վ֮ء˵ʶûʲôЧΪùıĿ꣬޷ĻС
ʯ֮µأҲͨĴڡϵѪɫѪҺ֮ĺۼһʣһմȾЩŵѪζһĳ˸ֱײʯϣȻԷĩΪӪ
˵ˣʯһֹĹϵʯΪṩϣʯԶȥ
˼ʯĴڣ㵵ʵȷϰ
ţͷûϸ΢볢ԵĻһȥ
ͷҲûֱӿʵǣ
˵ǳ򵥣Լ޷šԴ֪¯ߵĺܶ鶼ܹóȷʱҾˡţЦһȻԼҲԼŪˡ
˶٣ţһ˵Ҫеһ壬ʯֵĶˣһ߹ȥ
ʲôӳһ壿
Ȳ˵ܲӳһ壬ĿǰΪĵԭ򣬵ΪҪӳΪһܹȹѹأ
ţͷһ⣺Ӧ֪ôһɣһЩԱԼСĶʱѡһҪȶδ򲻻ܵ
֪˼ѵǡЩԾδе̫˰ɡ
ûƬʯֿ˵ϸ΢ģҲ˵һ壬ǼǵСȺֵʱ򣬾ͻѡΪǵߣͷȽСĶǿսʤġţ϶˵ڵõϢʱҲΣڿӦþˡ
˷׷׵ͷѾǰֻ˭ףҪ˽Ϣɲʲô¶ΪǶ˲䷢һй֣˲ʧ
ĺɲôúģ
Ҷ˰ɣĿǰַֻܹضȹƬʯ֣ȴǵĽǹ¯ĳͷҪ˳ĻڿɫǱߵҲҪǣϾнţڣ֮˻ܳ鷳
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Ǹȵ壬ڼķ֮ɣ˴֮ǶŸָĳǣҪûгɼһȻô׵ġ
˶˼ʦս˵ͷͬʱվ˳˵û⣡
ˮ̵û⣡
û⣡
ͷȻҶ̬ˣôʣµͺˡ
İɣ֮سŵ˵˲ʯгͻͲУһеȹʯ˵ţ˵˵˵֮󻹻ͷһ֮ˡ
ǣߺȣԽţĻûκλɡ
һĻɵе㱯ܹŽĻϾͲôսˡ


401 һ
Эˣʣµıϰһˡ
ͽţһ֮һΪ׵İ취֮ӳһ壬ӳһ壬Ȼٰͬʱ
ǣ˷ֱصӪ֮Уæ
취һ˵Ҷû⣬׷һΪλӳΪһ壬Ȼͨͷ߽
ķֱɷӣȻĸСӳΪһΣӵ㴦Ǹλͷߣǵʵǿᣬ˴֮Ҳܹõķ֮˻Ʋס㲻죬Ǿ͵òʧˡ
ܿ죬嶼γ˷ӣм俿£ţΪǣͷˣǸͽţ
ϣܹɹţһۣصص˵ͷ˵
ɹ΢΢һЦԼ֡
ţͺһס֣ΪĵϢ˲ײһ
Ϣƽסˣ˭Ҫǵϵᱻ˲նϣţЩŵ˵֮սոγɵķڹؼʱѡ
Һã˶ץȹʯ֣뵽һС
ãܺãұס˶ȹʯֵһʯʱ򣬲ſԶϿϵ𣿡ţ⣬˵ʵû뵽ô˳ʱ
ͷһɵķĵ׻ЩģɼȺ֮ûʲôķӦ֮ŷ
ˣǰɣָӣһ£ǿ˵ţϵһԷʲô춯ĻӦǵһ֪ˡ
ǣţ㿪ʼſںţŲӣһһʯ֮ȥ
ҪţҪҶһҵİţ򲻵Լ˶ᱻ㺦оǰߵĵطһЩŵĲţæ˵ʦ
нţôһűѹǲӰˡ
ܿ죬ǰŵһȫ̤뵽ʯֵıԵϣ˶һ亹
ʯʵֲ̫ˣ⣬̤뵽ϱߵ˾·һûʩչԮĻᡣ
ˣ
ɫĹâһһŵ˶Ǿ˵Ҳˡ
ڵһŵ˾ŵҪʱǺâ̧۲һ֮󣬾Ȼ˻ȥ
ɹˣ
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˶ޱȣ˭û뵽ʯڷ˶ϵϢͲСʱ򣬾Ȼķ˹
ãȶߣǻʤģţʱشһεȶ˵̬
ȻʯĲҽˣôûʲôµıҪˡ
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ȻκһҲûԼʦҪúܶ࣬˶ܹȥ
ܿ죬ߵʯֵм䲿֣ľʯͻأʯҲԵԽˡ
ͻȻɫ죬ǼΪճѪҺ˸ˮ֡
ʱĺâҲԽʢˣǰǰҵؽ˶ǾǱڳߵȴ⿵ζȡ
ЦֶĽѾӿˣһЩʵǿˣ廢ĴڵϢ
ãҼŬټһ·ǾܹȥˣüΪƽ˵ͬʱһܣ˲֪ƽ˲١
ɾʱоӵĲλϢЩԣʶһɨʱʮ־˵һĻ
󷽣һǿߺһǿڴӵۣ˵ı鶼ǳ˳ޣȻ֮Щڡ
ڿɲг𱨳ʱ򰡣ŵĻһ£ں󷽣Ϣȶʲôޣǹȥˣôɱ
Ļ˵ʶ̽˹ȥǳһ˺һ
սĲ£һ𣿡
Ϣһ˶ʱή
һԣǿߺٺһЦϾǵ⡣
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ϧţʵǲ˽Եĳ̫߹˵Ʒˡ
ȻǰţѾ߹֮·ֻ̣ҪڼָһյĹ򣬾ʹ󹦸ˣ
ݵִƽϢ֮˶ûһǰУսûнСϡΪԼĲ²ôģʲôԹĵȵȥ֮ʹˡ
ϧվһʮ׽Ķ
Ǹѵ˵˫˸Ŷ񶾵Ĺâ޲Լһȥǿ߸ҧ
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˵ɫ˲ͨ죬Ѫ
ɺϣ⣬ĹŴɽľͷĻ˷սһվУɹ룬Ǳʬ壬һ١
˼ۺ죬ŭ飬Լֱѵһǻȴûκ⣬ޱȵø̬ܹͣ
Ҫңгȥ˵ٴδ궯ӿ˶ʼˡ
ţüͷšĸߵ󻢣ʵ㣡
ԴȻƵ񣬺͵Цݲϵش̼ˣɺͷ촽
ʱȥʯ֣ʣʮˣֻҪʮǰŵ˾ܹȥ
˭˵߶Ȼ˵ͳȻǷŭ˼㣬Ŭѹš
˲䣬Ϣǻжˣս׼ȴӾ̬ķչ
ãʯб仯СģסһҪסʱ˿̣ʯ֮Ϻâ˲䱩˶ڣƺһͷȴŽʳļȻ
ͻȻı仯˶ͬʱ󷽵˸ˡ
ˡ
ʯֶһͷ˯޷ǱԼ͵һ㣬ŭڲ֮ţȴűĻᡣ
Ҫ£ʯûжҼǰߣҪ£ţһ£ʯֽ춯ȴûģʱͷ
˼ǰУȻǺâûʲô⣬ͷ
ɾʱ򣬺󷽵ϢȻһңһŭ˳Ҫ
һһɾ˵ɱչ֣µ黹Ƿˡ
һ񰡣


402 
սʤ˿־壬վǱˡ
ŭ֮£һ˶ĵâ˲֣ݺݵǻ
ر׼һ˫צ˴
һʱ䣬ս˿ͬһıǣ뵽ս֮Уҿʼ
ܣȫܹȥ֪̬ѾɿˣŽţͷ˳
뵽սֻһСˣ󲿷ֵ˶Ļӿٶǰȥ˰æǿҲһߴţһǰ塣
Ψ󷽵˺ͻѾˣ˷һشţȴڻΣ֮С
ˡ
һֱڲ̽ĺâ˲䱩ˣ˵Ĳţߵ嶼վȡ
ҵĶս֮еεķֿȱ֮Լ˶ôĻ£Ҳȥǻֱǰȥ֪Լˣһ
Ѿ뵽˷ս״̬Уܣ׷ȥŭҪʬˣ
ɾʱһźâȻڿն𣬽Χסž˵Ĳɿܵһûüͱȥصײʯ֮ϡ
ʵǿټϱǿһӵûֻȫĹͷһ
ڣлҽˣɻûнͱǾ˵Ӳؼ࣬һΪ˲䱻˸һɶ
ʣµƤëʬ򻺻ص䵽ʯµУɫһ䶯֮ʧӰˡ
һĻ˲ź;ʱǿѾ˳ޣ׷ƴǰȥ
ϧڲ֪ƴܣѾˣ
ʯͬ˹˵˷Щĺâϵذһǿߣ޴ֵĻᶼûбһײʯ֮ϣǻĺ·
ܣ㣡һĿɬֻܹǺôһˣЩˣҲֻ˳Ȼˡ
ţԣ˵ı鶼࣬Ȼû뵽úõһκȻôҡҪ˵˭˭ûа취˵ѾˣǾץɣ
鷢ʱǰʯֱԵֻʮ֮ңҪȥҲô鷳ڿնĺâȴ·ϻǳе˶һűǿʯ֮ϣʧ
ģǺãüҵ֮£ʦսȻԼƺֻҪԼߣӦþͻл
Цһʲô취Ҳ֪Ǻð
ȥ˳ȥûбİ취ˣҪʯĵطһЩԼݷֵ˵˳ֱӾʹͷǺâ֮г˹ȥ
ûа취âΨһѡ񣬷ʱˣֻܱʬˡ
Ҳôˣûа취ˣǻȸɶ
ʱΪ־ͣٴγȥԪŷϣܹõһЩϣ
䣡
ˣ
âƺԼܵսôζȻܹŹʱĸӿ٣ǿʵ˸
һȥˣһָŲϣȻڿ־֮УɴҶףֻĻ˵ܹõһ˿ᡣ
ܿ죬ʮʧˡ
ʱǺâ·ǳԱһ㣬ƵʾȻˣ
ȥʯޣһչԼٶǰȥ
ǰλǿߣһײâ֮Ӿһ٣·˾ܲסѹ˲䱻ȥʣȻӲĴӺâ֮ѣ˳ȥ
۾һ֪ԼĶˣ漴ٳ˹ȥâ֮еǺǿ˵ⲻһŤǿٴαֱ߾͵س˹ȥ
ȫˣ
ʦʦжһСʱһǽ⼤γһССΪֵһ£ʦƾյȫء
սҲʩչֶΣûжΣյĹˡ
󷽵ĿǱȽǱλñͱȽϿڼϱȽԴ󣬶ʧȻʱڽ뵽âʱƺǿˣ׹ȽءߵͺһץһԵһ֮ˣһŵϣΪɹء
һĻ΢΢ҡͷ֮˱ͲʲôöڸԼ֮ͬ˵Լİȫ
ߣվҪɱģΪϱߵ飬Ϊղŵѡ񣡡˫գգ
ȴɣֻҪˣ黹Ҫģ
ǱߵĴҲʣºȸûгҲٱӡ
Ǻˮ̵ûгһֱһ壬Ҳ˺â
ˮ̵ϢӳΪһ壬ŭ˲䱬Ȼʲôܲ˵ǿǰȥ
ϧǵôãոսâ֮УǾ˵Ĵ鶼³ȥ
ˮ̵ûһ˷·ڲһˡ
ۿ֧鶼ҪУǰߵȻתȻһѺߵˣһ˽ವһӱ˳ȥ
ںߵ˷׷һ̤ڼϣͬȫĳȥˣһŵǳһǹɱȥ뿪âʱһŵ˷׷׶һǵһ˶ȥҪ
ϧǾʯѾ̫ˣȥ֮󱻺â˲˹ȥôץץס
֮£һźˮ̵ɥʯ֮ϡ

ʣĺˮ̵г˶Σһɾ˵ŭǵϷҡ
ʱȸҲ˺â֮УҪĶ࣬˫ȶ޷ıˡ
ʱһâȻ˹ȥݺݵײ˺ȸϣǿֱӽȸײһѪҲΪȸȫĳ˹ȥ
ȸһأǺŭ̵˶Ĥۡ
˺ȸǿ߳źȸ΢΢һЦһѾص䵽ʯ֮ϣĲˡ
ţȸߣļ˵ԸģҲõĽ֡
ȸ۾һˮ
һĻ̲ס̾ϢһʵһҲġ
ʣµǿ߷׷øָķʽǶǽ˳
һ˵Ĳҽʱ˶Ĭˡ
Ϊ˵ӽ˵ߣʣ˲һ룡
ʯڷû֮󣬺âȥµعڵ֮С
ֻǳɫʱʱ䶯һ£һ߾ʬ塣
ңĵһκԲҽˡ


403 ֵ
˶̱ڵϣղžһĻκɱ¾ҪңصЩʹĵĲҽ
Ϊʲôκľô𣿡˲ס̾Ϣһ뿴Ľ֣ҵһĻվǰǰ
أҶϣٴˣǲٴνΪˣҲˣţͬڵϣһԵһһٵ˵
ѹ֣ôˣһδǾˣһûбҪĳϡ
ͷҲͬţ˵ȷ޷ˣôһͶ޷˵ʲô˵Щ˴Ӷ쵼ߵ²ʵʩ߶ѾѬģòʶ壬ñɱ˫ۡ
ԲҲ֪˵ʲôˡЦ˵һ˿Ρ
ţ΢΢ҡͷĿϣ϶˵أĲ㣬ǣǴûбʲô˼ղŵȫ֯ûУ㹻˵ˡ㣬أԶѣ
ллѵ³ô֣ţĻţȥ˵Ļȴ˵ò˵Ƿ̡
أǾʹ˱ǰ·ǲҪһˣǸһţվӣ֮еķŭѾЩѹֲסˣΪ˱ͷǾǰ뿪
·
˷׷վ˱ˣʣµ·Ҫ߲
·Ǹôߣ˭ѡ񣡡սɫÿǷµģʧҲ֮ģֻĸˡ
Ȼͷһ˫ĿضսţȻ뽫˽ļһֱնɱˡ
սȴ·ûпǺŭ۾һ㣬˵٣⻰Ҳòʣ·ˣ˭֪ʣµһ᲻ǰȫģ
ս˵ĲǵÿǣϾҶΪ˹¯ʦͷ˵ĿƽؿƺڸԼڡ
һЦ⣬·ߣ
㣡ˮ̵һ򵥵Լ̬ȡ
ţЦˣЦôң漴ͣЦ˵أͬΪ飬Ҳ㲻Ըİɣ߰ɣҿԱ֤Ӧõõı
ʵ룬䣿
˶ڿ⣬ΨûȥǣΪļţĳ⡣
˵ʵͦŽţߵģϧܣҪ֤һҲӦ֮һ
ĺˣһǴȽϺʡЦЦ˵֪һ֮󣬵ٴμʱ򣬻Ǳʱˡ
ţͷҪ̧ߣȴͣЦЦ˵Ҹǻᣬѡһ·뿪Ǵһ·뿪һ𸴣
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ķˣҪǷѰͲܷİ
һ°ɣ⡣˱̬֮󣬱վһԣֿƬ˼ʮʯ֡
Ǿѹһ޴ʯͷÿǰԽ࣬ʯͷͻԽЩԳˡ
ܿ죬ˣǲϣߣһ·
ţû˿ԥؾʹӦһ·ķֲڴ
·ĶڶǺģ΢΢ЩϣҲ˳ɽϷȥİɡ
ѡɣѡǺüߡţ˵Ѿ
վһԣŸ첲һ仰Ҳ˵ƺҪ뵽֮С
˴һо˰֮ѡеһ·
ãһһǴӴ˾ˮˮ⣬ʱƾʵ˵ɣأټˣţ˵꣬תǿ߽뵽һ·֮С
֮ȫˣԵظоߵķΧȻ·һڲϷУʱܵȡ
ҲãѾìתΪڲìܣҲҪ֮ˡ
ʲôʱ̣Ϣһ£ǵȻ֮˶СʱȺһﻹû뿪뷨̲סʦǰʵ
˭룬ʦȴǺٺһЦϸϸ۾зһɭɭ˵ϵܣǲżļһǿ·Ǻܺ𣿡
һ֪ΪʲôЩһڳôһˣԭϷ
Ǵߵĵ·Ǿȥǻõʲôô𣿡ѹסеŭʮֲˬ˵
ǵģܲˬΪǰЩ˵ıʵ̫ˣҪġ
ߺٺЦ˹ϴЦݣ˫۵ش˵ô𣿻˵ҪЩνѣ
ѣһâѾ²⵽ߵ˼ˣҪԼָȥԺڶʦֵʱԼ谭ɡ
ߣҪֶһȥҵϵܣʦز׽Ϣվ˳ɫƵؿſߡ
Ҫȥ飬ɲˣ˵ò׽꣬Ȼ顣
ٺ٣㵹żߺٺЦţȴǲٶ˵ˡ
ս˸Բ֮˵٣õķǸߣϾһȫ࣬¯˽ҪĶడ
ǵ˼߻кܳһʱİȫڣֻҪԶԶظǣʣµͲҪǡϧվȴһ飬ҡҡͷ˵һ⡣ûע⵽뿪ʯ֮󣬹¯ļලǲûٴγ֣
˵ȷǺԵˣôһ˵ҵɫôÿ
Ӧװɣ߶϶⣬ڼֵ·ܹ죬ܲѰôǲڸǣ·Ҫһ߶أԼĿ˵˳Ϊӽ뵽¯֮һֱעǸνļලߡ
ල֮߳󣬱ȻʧȻֻȻ֣ÿһζôͻȻÿһô׽
Ϊʲôʹǵֶ̫߳𣿿϶ǣ
ǹ¯־趨ģڹ̶ĵطŻּලߣûмලߣǾ˵һػûйȥ
νʱʱѾˡ
ѵļһڹʱ䣿ǿ֪ʯֲԲŻż뿪սɫǳѿڵĳ֮ԼһǳɷʵĴ
ԽԽôһ¶վ׼ˡѾ˷̫ʱ䣬˷ȥɲа
ǲܸһ·ߣҲ²ûдලǲͬһطΣӴģһ˵ǳ˵Ļ
ߣߣ
ĸͷȻͬһʱ´ͬ


404 ʧ֮
ʧһʵ̤̣Ҳû˳糵
ܸˣΪҪģһͲҪĹ˼Աߵᷢʲôʲô顣
ٶȼس뵽ʣĵ·֮Уһ·ǰУû˿ͣ
ڲ֮˳ĵ·һ޴ĺ֮ǰ
ϲǣڹ涨ʱڵʧ֮ලߵٴð˳֮˷׷һ
֪һζˣ
˽ĿͶȻЩ˲ϣǵĵ׻ǽĸ߶֪࣬ٹ¯顣
˵õ¯ǿߵ
ලûиǿǵʱ䣬ɨһ֮˵ʧ֮һеյ㣡
ʲô
ԭ˵ٴνмóҪһļලߡ
һεĿʧ֮Ѱʧ飬ÿһţʱһʱʱ䵽֮ûеõʧ˽ᱻĨɱ
ĨɱĨɱ
ֱලص˵˳·ǹǿһ½
ʧ֮ʧ飿ʲô߰Ķʧ飬Ǵ룿սüͷšһɽ壬ලߵĻ֮оһʧԼ϶޷ҵǸʲôʧġ
룿ûô򵥣ʧ֮ʧõҲʧල߹һЦ˸˼֮ӰʧӰˡ
ʧʧ
ͬħһ㲻ϵػصţţû˶
ʧ飿ǺǣȤӣʱԽˡһЦʱҲ֪ԼΪʲôЦǸĻᣬܹķԼĴǣȥģ±ˡ
ԼҪһ֤ԼḶ֮́ȥɺܶ飬ڿҪĻ̫̫ˡԣľ֮вһ˿гĵطǾǶԼĻɣԼԸܵĹǿʶ
һڹĳʱһֲɿܵԺķչǷǳġ
ԣҪԼøѣȻһЩ
ʲôʧʧģȥʧ֮Ѱʧôˣȥ˵ɣսüͷ˼˰ֱ֮ӿ˵Ѿڵȥˣʱܹô࣬һӣһӵĿܡ
˷׷׵ͷǰ취İ취Ƿǳͬˡ
Сһɣȥҿ˵ʦ˵ͷ֮󣬵ʧ֮ȥ
ˮɽдûм̫¶һ
Ӧһ֮󣬲ûзΣգһһʧ֮ȥʧ֮ƺûʲôܻĵطûУûʲôΣա
ˮûв֮ôʧ֮ΣʲôأתƲ֮ͣ̽ûʵԵΣ֮ɻ
˼룬ûѰʲôɿϢ㲻ٶܣֱӼһͷ뵽˱ĺˮ֮С
ȫû뵽˺ˮ֮УϵȥѾʧӰ
ʱڰϹ۲ŵ˲ٵȴ˼ȥ˶ûΣգȥʱûɻΣյİɣ֮£ͨͨеļûǰ߽ȥֱڿԾصС
ܿ죬߾ʣλͷߡ
λҾеⰡսȻ˵Ŀ⿴ƽĺ棬֪±߿Ѿʼæ
ʦһȻû˵˼ȻͬսĻ
ǸߺٺЦ˵ûأֻҪܹǳɹؾˣǵĿǸСӣ˴ֳˡ
ҿУʱǵС׼ʲôӰսԼĺӣװһ˼ģ˵
սôǰһģܲܲңʦȻ˵˸Ķ
ˣҲ˵ˣôݼҲ𣿲û뵽һλ˸սƳƳͣӻ˵ʦǳϤ
߿һ˵ǻٷϻĺãǱͽѾܾûоˣҲҪôòã
šһԣˮ̵Ȼ˵ôһ֣Ȼû˶
ðɣǺݣôһ㶼ûб䣬ˣ˰ս˫ֱͷˬ˵һһǸ
ʦϹŻЦݣ˵ˣҲȥɣڻԼϷ
˵ͷ漴ֿ·ֱûˮУȥѰνʧȥˡ
ʱѾ뵽ʧ֮ĺףͲ֪Լ뵽һʲôΣ֮С
˭û뵽дıͽ飬Ѿͷһݣһ¯֮С
ҪǣѾ˼ߵȤ

ʧ֮ײ
һӰڵײԴѰţʱʱػ׵һʯͷûǸνʧ顣
ף԰ôʯͷʯͷûʲôνʧ飡üͷЩʯͷûзŹʶ̽Уʯͷ˿Ȼʲôûз֡
ĺף˶ͷѰţûʲô֡
ʱ佥ţһת۰ʱ͹ȥˣʱĴߴ֮£˵ͷһʧӰ
ѰҵٶȺܿ죬ټϱѰҵʱҲὫʶɢȥԵڽ׶Ѱһ֮ȷһ㡣
ףûһʧ飡
ʱһĨŨŨʧӿͷû֮ǰлһ˿ϣ϶ʧģɵһôĲ԰ס
ѵû𣿻˵ڱĵط̧ͷϷˮӳ
żȥѰʧĻúõһ
ȻûУأ̾Ϣһֹôһ仰
Ȼе㲻ͷ˵ʲôֻʧѾҪʧȥѰҵġ
׶Ѱһ飬ˮ֮иǲܻУôʧ鵽أ˵ûʧ飬ֻǼලõһˡ
ϵܣҵûУǶûκεķְʦҲѰһʱ֮ڷʵûջ񣬲ߡ
ЦһϹžɥ飬̾˵Ҳûҵ߸ûʲôʧɣ
˲Ⱦˣ˻ǵͷͬĬеʧ֮ȴԵ¶˳
ɨһۣȻܵľʲôطͷ


405 Σķ
ʶ˲չףÿϵϢϵı鶼۲һ顣
ڷһ㲻ͷĵط
λ֪ǷûУڵıһֹͬ㡣üͷ˵³֮⡣
ʦһ㶣ʵϵܣ˵ʲôأǱʲôͬ㣬Ҷͬˣͬԣôͬأ
˵֮ʦֿ˿ˣûзʲôر֮
Ҫ˵ͬĻǶûҵǸʲôƨʧ飡սЦһ˵
ǿһȴֽҡҡͷûʲô֡
ںˮ̵һİĬ·һֻͣһ֤ߡ
ףȺһôͬʱҵߣȻز׽ôһϸڣյ˵ǲܣҲʳֵ
ϾҶǸΪսȻΪ˹ͬǰУѰıŬĸ֮ӦûôõĹϵɣ
ĸӰ밡
۾ָֻѹвᡣ
ʲôʵ¶һĪģ
ϵܣʧ֮ôˣʦ˳˵ɻһڣͲһˣ·׽ʲô
սһĭûǸģʵ٣˼˵϶ʧ֮飿
ص˵ͷڰ
ʧ֮ѰҵĶʧ飬ټϽһʱѰңϾһûϣ飬Ľ϶Ҫʧģ
ⱾͲһܹɵ񣡡ŬؽЩʧų˵
ɵ񣬻ʲôѲҸ˳ȥ
ʱ䵽ˣûκηӦô죿ѵĻᱻĨɱɣʦе㲻ţȫڰ·ϱ߱Ȱ
ҡҡͷù¯óûн취⣬취϶УֻǻûѰȷĵ·ˡ
漴Ͳ˵ˣ۾ʼеϢһ飬Ǽල˵ʼʲôûջ
ʱ䲻ˣֻһӣߺٺһЦ˵һµʵ
ɨļһһۣʵ⣬Ϊ֮ʱ㵭Ц
ʱںзѰҵɫǼֻһˣһʱ䵽ˣûа취ĻǵȴǵĽǱ¯־Ĩɱ
Ϊ˵ñģɲİ
ԣ϶ʲôǱģ
ȭͷֵԼ̬侲͹ףԽΣյʱԽǲܹͼֻ꣬ƽľȥ˼ܹõҪһС
ȻûʲôЧ˫΢΢һ棬ӱٵϷȥ
Ĵͷ߷׷׸ȥˣˣȻںĿĺѰš
»صϱߣֱվ˺֮ϣͷʧ֮Ȼ˵ǻǵǼල˵Ļ˵ʧ֮ʧõĻʧ
ѵලľ֪ǲѰҵκζǸʧͲڣʦһɣϸϸ۾ʮֵĻ
ӦôڣֻûҵȷķˡȻһЦԴź۾ر
Ӧʦˣһʱ˵Ѿҵ˰취
ϵȻѾѰ˰취˵˵˵˵Ѿûʱ˰ʦʵƺϵ
ȴûżȥ˵Ҫһλ֤
һûҵҾνʧӦøʧйϵ˵ϵıȻĺܣʲôʵѣѾҵʧڣ
ֻʵ̫ˣԼš
ûҵ군ˣ˰һԣոմӺ¸ļһĻͱԹ
ٲǺôһҲ˰ʧ
ʧ͸ΪǾͿԸˣڿǲа
ˣʧˣǻȥҰɣԼܱȿҪǿ

˵˵֮ȻһԶ뵽˺ˮ֮УͷѰǲ֪ʲôطʧˡ
ĸͷߵɫЩѿԼȷûзʲôֻڵȴҳ𰸣Ȼֱȥˡ
һ䲻֪ʹ˰ֻΪΣΪıô֪ʧʲôط
ʧ飡ʧ飡㵽ʲôطսȥһ˫۾ʱʱؿֻͣ˵ϡ
ʦͿߵķӦ࣬Ǻˮ̵һĵĬ·йķӦ
ô죿ô죿Ǹô죡ǵ˵ڣսҪˣֱӶ˺
Ŀɿڴȴһ仰Ҳ˵
۾΢΢һУз˾캧ˣ
ĸ˿϶飡ǵķӦ̫˰̫ˣҵüӱСˡ뵽ӿʼڵ鶼һ飬⼸˵ķ̫ˣ˺˺ܶණ
ʱ̫ŲĶ
ʱҲˣʰ飬¶ľϲ飬˷ܵؽе֪ˣ֪ˣ
ʲôҵ
ʲôãҪÿһʧ飬һŵĸͲã
˵Ķԣҵ˶٣Ƕ
һЦϵЦ崺磬ÿ˶һʧ飡
ÿ˶УһﲻǺȶ˰ɣ
˶סˣʵĻÿ˶һʧĻΪʲôǵڶûмء
ʵලѾĹؼʲôطˡʧ֮ʧ֮ȡʧ鱾Ǹעʧ飬ǽؼʧ֮ϣͻᷢһ㲻֮ͬƽ˵˸ŵĹâָָ·ʧ֮
˷׷׵ͷȥʱǷһè塣
ʱǵ̬Ѿ˱仯˵Ѿҵ֮ǹʧ˾ϲٴοȥʱͲһˡ
·һŹâ˸ţĹâ
˵ˣͻȻôţǿ׷Ѱʧ黹ʲô
⡭ôܣÿ˵϶УԼҲУʦ˼ؿˣֿԼľ仯֮ʮ
ʼ򣬳źµ˽ղŵĻظһ飬ܿ˶νʧ鵽ʲôط
ѾûԼʲô¶ˣߵߣžĺˮ˷ܵǣһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ĸͬǶѰʧ飬ؿǹȥˡ
ϲû뵽ǾȻҵʧ飡ලߵٴδתȥ¶ӰǸļල
ලϹ⻪һһεĹâɨ˵嶼͸һſ˸Źâ顣
ÿһţҪˣֻ·һ


406 
䵽екҴСʧ飬˶̲ס֪࣬Լʲôʱôһ顣
˫ֱֱĶżලߣʶǲϵ̽żලΧĻҪҳ֤ݡ
ףϣܹڰʱڵල˵ӱ㰵һεʧ
ʲôû˵ʦʵԹ¯˽ȻȲˣҲⶫû˵
ˣȻıˣӦóֵģȴˡսɫѿһ˫д˵ǡ
һۣʵǰϢߣû𣿡
ûУû˵һ鷳ˡʦЦһ˵һ·۽ѾˣֺȻһû˵ĵطҪȫû
û˵ֻԶԶؿʧ֮Ķ棬¯һνΪľܹ뵽˽һȫλ
ʼڣ嵽ٴԵһвڿ
˼еȲҪȥ¯ˣһЦ׵˿Щԡ
ˣλҪ˷ʱˣֻаʱȹȥ˵ɣߺٺһЦϸٴð˳Ŷȥ
һҲûбİ취ֻܹȸ˵ˡ
ʧ֮һ˸ŰɫâͨʱʱػеͳֲĺХƺʲôֲĴھĥ
أ˵Щ¯ߵԽԽˣĴҸͿ׵Ҫʲô
һΣûеͷ񣬷վʦһʦΪհļơ
е㲻ͷĸԽڹ¯ߴԽã֮ĹϵԽǸӣƺ޷Ĩȥĳ޶嵭ࡣ
ֱ߱Ȼģõѡǵ͵£۱ϡ
΢ͣһ֮˷׷ǶѨȥѨǳÿķŽ룬ʡȴ˭ȿͷ鷳
Ȼ±ռ˱ˣǴҾһȷ棬Σһкôһ
ɫͨ߿ޱȣ·ǰһɱӣʬѪҺŵŨѪζԼʬ帯֮ĳζ
ûãǰһɫĵطĹâһһ𣬿ʮֹ졣ټⶴѨʱʱʹధĵ׷飬һ̾ͻһ㡣
йŹְŨѪζӦóֵġӣЩǵ˵ıӷǳһΣǵһֵġ
˶û˵ֻڵתٶӣѾʱӦս׼

ģǰһҾ徵Ľƺʲôھž޴ʹࡣ
ҽһëȻеһĭץеƺܹǰһЩ
ûôķӦüͷʶ̽ȥеͻأе̫ɺˡ
Ϊʲô粻ƫƫǿǺɫ֮
³ĵκʱȷġ
ҪңȥʲôװŪʦһ뼸һȣǰȥ

ʹû˿ͣ٣һһĴԽǿԽҡ
ڣǺâ˸֮ͷļ˶סˡ
׼ҲǾȵĿɿڴ˼顣
ǰһӣŨѪҺϱƯһĿͷ­ϵذţ˻ţʮʹࡣ
ӣȻӣģùùʦɬ˵û뵽顣
νӣһطԼпֶĥնɱֻޣɱʱ򻹲һҪǲϵʹధʮȥЩǿ޻ᱻĥ
ôһɣֻҪӳֵĵطԹĵطһõѡǵͷ뿪ǵЩʹ꣬ǵ
޿ˣֻӲͷƤȥˡսͷһۣǰɫͨѾȻûк·ȡˡ
Ǻ·Թȥʲôôල˵ˣǵĿڰʱڵǸʲôûڹ涨ʱڵôȴǵĽǼලߵĿֲͷ
գգ۾ʵʵرû˵ֻһѩӲϵشӡ
ôȥӵϢ̫ǿˣ֪жޱնɱһǸӣǽȥǸʦһżˣʱʵ̫ˣǰӸǿֲޱȵĴڣһ
ִ࣬һУһĨѪ

һǽһ㣬Ще׷ѪҺֳӰĿĶ˻
ޱȣֲף
סĽԻãǽʱһͻѵ
˷׷סûܵá
ϵܣʲôӲʦƤӣٴοʵȻҲÿζűˣڵԽԽأԼҲ֪취ܲ˷ʱɣ
εҡҡͷ˵Ҳûа취ǵʱ̫ˣ롭
뷨˵ͺãսæڴߴٵΪʲô㿪ڵĵط
սģϵĿɬأҡҡͷ˵ֻӲȥֻܵȴʱĽ
ûа취İ취Ϊʱ̫٣һеǻ۶ȥݽΨƴŲƴʱ䣬ǿͻƣܹõһЩᡣ
ǵڲŷҲ޵еģҲȱ㣬Ҳв֮
ֻܹƴһˣɫеĽ
ȷӣ˭֪±ʲôӵޱĥѪҺŨȾͿԿǧˣս˵˵Щ㡣
ǧӰ˵ǧˣӵԹĿ£ǧӡ
Ѿûа취ˣʱ䵽ȥҲȻͬɽ˵һֻᡣ
԰ɣȻֻܹˣʦһļ㡣
ͷʦԵǺ߲ͣ츳ΣǼΪҪĴڣһ˵츳ÿԲǿ϶ﵽ̫ߵΪ츳һԼѣδǲġ
漴׼һ£ٴγɷһȥ
վʦԣȻԸҲûа취ֻܹӲͷƤȥˡ
ϧﲻܷɣֱӹȥã޸п̾һǿŻ
ͨ
Ųص뵽УһѪ俪Щ궯ꡣ


407 
ལལལ
ԭͲƽѪˮѱһѪð˳·ȻѪˮ֮ð
˵ɫÿ˫ŲŢѪˮ֮иòô߷ڵ޷˫Ų̤ˮ֮ϣֻһţǳһŵǰ

һŭѪˮðһſͷ­ſն۾ֱضˡ
ôĶģ֪˭ܲסȳȿ
ɾôһ΢ȴȻ͹Ļǣ˲
ɱɱɱʹİת˱ɱһſͷ­ĳײ˹
Щͷ­ûģУΪ֮󣬾ͱʵֲĴڡ
䡭
һſͷ­صײڷ֮ϣÿһײ÷һ£ƺһξͻ
֧ŷļλͷɫҰףǿĹǶ֧š
һӵĿ֮еǱĥȥ޻ǣʵԹ죬ڴôʱ֮ҪˣһϵոɾȻƴ˵ȥҪˣȡĿȨ
ʬ갡
Цѣû뵽Լô׵飬Щ˵ġ
ͷ­ΪأϵײŷǲôƶѪˮϣ޷ѱ棬һơ
̲ס˵޷뿪Ѫˮ棬ûʲô취ʱ뿪棿
һĻ׷׶ԴҶ֪νķͲģò˶þͻᱻƣʱֻܹΪսˡڽսʲôѾûôΪŵκεطܻһֻڻؿ㡣
ΪսԹΪ壬취ȥս۾һ뵽֮ǰڶȹʯֵʱùİ취ȻܲףҲĿǰΨһõķˡ
ֻܸΪսˣ˭ﲻ˭üͷţҪķΪֻܶˡ
ЩȻ˵ĳˣɲô˵ҲҪɱҲս϶֣Щ۵Сı
˵Լ˾ӣֻǲмһˣҪ壬ȻҪҪĹԹ޻ڡ
ãΪսȫûѡ£ֻˡ
Щҵйĳһ㣬һѷӿ
ʱһҽд˷ӳʱסˡ
ʱѾܲôˣΪϢ⾹ȻرЩϲһ󲨵ֱ
ǰɣֲģΪʲô˰Цѣ˫һȻ֣صػѪˮϣƾķһһǰŲš
ԭļƻƾĹǿȺͶƿҪνܹȹӣͷƫƫһոû٣ͱǿӲֱѹ˻ȥ
ģӿ鷳ˡ޵ʩչԼ֮ǿɵذЩ궼ңϧҲҡ
֮£ֻһһ£ػصš
ŵ£Щһצƴ˻ţÿһ䶼Ǽ֣޲ͳȥˡ
ϧÿÿڹؼʱ̣һι͵ˣⷴٴߣҼޱȵǰƶš
ò׵һ˿Уʶɨһ飬˶ķʽQţʮֵĿЦ
ôģҪ˿ǻЦ˴һȺѪˮ߱QȷǹаġЦѣǺõģʱȺͽǶȣһСľͻѪˮС
˵Ѫˮеʱ򣬵ȴ±ߵȥͬǼѪʳһ˺ҧţš
ʱܹųѪˮ棬ǾͲΣˣ׷һҲһ˲ʧӰ١
ȻȺ޷뿪ѪˮѪˮǵĽҲǸǻ
顭
ϵĹƴǰţٶȲ첻ʤסһȴи˺߾ϣ׷ˡ
ŤͷһۣǸս£һ˷ܿҪԽ˵ʱ򣬾Ȼ¶һЦݡ
ҲôżɣˣķҪǹãҪǰȫĻˣαػĥĥģ
Ȼûйãʱһûͷ׼򣬲ûиṩٵĸƶǰȥ
ͻˣѾһӴѪˮŬҪ뵽ˮС
һһѪˮУѪ
ϧѾûʲôǶȣѪˮʵ̫ˣӻûü뿪ͱһȺӵϡ
˼±û˶Ѫˮȥ͸ѪɫԼܹǾڴȵĲţŤš
군ֻǲ֪ռܴܲ뿪أĺٴαֳһĨʶ۲ǳѪˮײ塣
֪ʱ̻ڹĻ֪᲻ݺݵһ٣֡װơ
ģӰȻĳѪˮ±߳ٶȿľˡ
һ·򣬱ܿӰĵط

һѪˮ𣬵е˾ȻĳˣֻһӾȻѾó죬ﻹࡣԭҲļ¡Ǳһ㡣
⡭ȻĿ԰һĭеǰһĻ
ϧþѪˮ֮ȻǵñԼ壬ڹЦһֱ֮㶵ȥ
һҽк;ִ˵ߴµ뵽ˮУĳȥ޾ᣬֱ屻ƻ޷ػǡ
⾪˵һĻ̲סشһ£˵ҪѪˮУһӶˣעٶȡ
˵꣬ҲܱˣԹԵǰţؼʱԼа
ӵıԵֻһˣһ˿˷ܺϲãΧҲûб鷳һ˳Ļǵһӵˡ
ƽ⣬ŹٶȣͰƽ͵ǰš
ɾʱ򣬸һȺ꾹Ȼֱӳ嵽ǰĽѪˮ
ߣǾڰɣôڣӾҪȥˣһЦȫǰ
ѪˮһתڶݵʱھȻγһУ
ģˣƵЦЦǵĿɬȿ϶Ҫࡣ
ΪѾˣĹѾѾƶһεĹеĴڸû㣡
ͨ
ϣĵ뵽֮С


408 þ
ϵܣ
ˮ֮ʦ̧ͷһƣﻹܹӰͽغ˳
дôİھ군ˣǰ鲻ȫ˷
ϵܣﰡʦغţлصţȴûش
ŭı鸡ϣʦŭһȻֱʩչһǿĹʧĵط
Ҳ״ûκΰ취ȥΪԼһܹסοǱء
Сӵȥˣ走Ƿսʵŭֱð
һɭĿغһ֮󣬱û˶ŬԾ
Ǻˮ̵һسĬţԾţ·˶ûйϵ
Ѫˮ֮УһŵΧţЩļһƴꡣɲŬ޷ִ֮䲼õ󷨡
ҺӷӦ죬ҪȻˣһסӣ۲Щײ󷨵ꡣ
һɫӳҰŮŮ٣࣬ʲôضС
ҪԵңߣƾǻԶԶһӳѪˮ֮վˣЩΧš
һ깥ԼȻԵֵס
֪ҾԼˣαػϱģˬ뵽Ҫ֪Ļǻѡ
ԭѪˮ֮ʱʱƮĶ֫ʵ̫ˣټЩͷ­Ϊϳӣĵҡ
һӣҪǰȥȴԼƶˣһȺΧסˡ
¿ɺãոϣٴˡʱڲᱻ깥ƣҲ޷ƶֻܹȺƶˮ³ȥ
ʱ䣬ֻʣһˡʱһܵ¯־ķͷ˵¯ʶӦøϲͷ壬Ͼ˿ڡ
ĴĥѣѵҪ𣿡Լس뵽УѪˮԽԽԶһĪӿͷ
ǰһĻĻսԴ߷ӳһ飬ָΣָѣÿһڹؼʱΣգأһƣۺռͷ
һ·Ǵһ𣬲֪ĵףŹֵӡ
˯ȥɡ˯ȥɡѾǳˡúϢɡ
滺質ҡԾضЩˡ
ҡô᷸һʴԺűͬԭҰһ㣬ӿ
ҲֵطҲҪȻ۾غ
ˣ
ΧѪˮôһڣʱǱһտ˹һ㡣
һȵϢϴ˫۹⻪ҫۣһм˵СȻ뽫Ĩɱҹ
һͬǴ֮䷢˱ʨҰ
ΧΧЩһ٣Ƿʲôֲһطȥ
һڵǰŪˣû뵽Լһ֮¾Ȼ
ӦðӦðţ۾ɨܣЩ꾹ȻǷǳԼǼƾճֵľ
ʼԼ壬ûзʲô仯
ԣϵϢȻԼϵϢѾ˱仯ȣԼ·һ̫ǿϢȼղѡ
Դʵ벻ΪԼϻôǿϢѵǵõʲô
ˣôˣˣץʱȥɣʵ벻ͨˣɴͲȥˡ
ʱڵﴦӰָֻ˳ߡ
û谭ɵϱȥܿ˱档

ðԴ˦˸ղմȾϵѪҺڴڵغţȻûбţûͺȽ
˳ں߾ȻѾûˣһҲ˰ȫĵ档
ףϵܣ
ٳˣ
ҿǱס˰ɣ
ʲôˣǵöô̬ˣҪҪڶɱ
ӱ죡˭ҶϵܣҾɱ˭
һɤʦģðʱһɾ޴ľϲӿͷӶķˡ
ϵܣʦϸ˿ȷû֮󣬾ϲֵĺ
˻Ҳ˵ٶȼس˰ߣûӵ£ÿ˵⡣
һͽճѪҺڸɾˣֻһ·֮һ
Ȼ̧ͷŷһ˶۾Լ
ȿȣǸһˣεؿһŰԼŪɾأﻹкܶڿš
ϵܣ̫ţˣȥ˶ܻˣʦ۾˸СǣǸŮ˵Ļ϶ֱͶͱ˰ɣ
ڰ֣˼˵˵֣Щ걾ҪȥˣɺȻˣƺ±߻иʲôĶҿǻ뿪˵ɡ
ڳ˻϶ţôʵš
±ĻиһĻĻ뿪ȽϺá

ƺ⣬оȻһƺʲôҪһ
ﻹҵ飬ղŵľʵûԸһ飬׷ǰȥ
˰ָֻ״̬ѣųˣ˰ƲƲͣٶ˵ǰȥ
һ֮˱㷢ǰԶеâ֣ƺһ֡
ǵˣǵˣ֪˭غôһ仰˶
ãûʱˣ尡˿һʱ䣬ʱʣһˡ
ʱ˶ǰţʱ䵽ûдﵽʱ򣬱¯־Ĩɱˡ
Ŵ󲿶ӳţûżܹô̵ʱѾˣ²⵱ǿӣĹâʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
һֺĴ˵ǰ֮ǰһгɫ֪ʯͷ̾͵ĴһĿʯš
һɹŨҵɱ¾Ϣ˲׵С
ľͷΰĴ֮ϣһ˶ı⣬顰ĸ֡
ÿһֶ·һѾıž˵Ϣﲻ֪˶ϴ
֮УһƬڣĹâԵø룬ʶ̽һ£ڵʲô޷̽飬ƺǱĳǿĽƸ赲סˡ
һƽ󣬺ʵôôġ˵ǼලΪʲôûгʱѾ˰ɡ


409 
ɵ֣ΪʲôģâûУ
ʱѾˣ֮ǰĹලӦóɣҽһˣȴʼûж
ѵ˵ǵڻû
ɻ˵ͷ˭֪һ̻ᷢʲô顣
˲ĬĬصȴţҲ֪ڵȴʲô
ǡѵȥ𣿡սЩļʵ֪Ǳʲôһ֮ѾҵĿĵأǸǺá
ʦҡҡͷֵͷһ仰Ҳû˵
һΣһϲĬĺˮ̵Ƶ˵һ֣ȣ
ȡ÷򰡣ôȥ϶ʲôûˡ
ŤŤͷֱؿƺҪѰ𰸡Ͼղδаȫص黹û˵ء
ܵ˿ߵĿ⣬ޱؿ㿴Ҿͻн𣿡
ûУֱңа취߳ϵ˵ôһ仰֮󲻵شͱͣתĿ·ŵ֮ϡ
ĿЦˣа취Ҫа취Ͷˣαš
ֻǾüල߿϶ֻΪĳûдﵽҪȴʲô
ǹ˰ʱ֮󣬴󲿷ֵ˶ȲסˣһĵݶЩûõĶ
üͷҵķȺ׳ն͡
ɾʱһ˿Ĳ
жˣȻŤͷһƬյأʲôûС
˶ɴ۾ţϧûзʲô
Ҫʼʱһ˿ϸСĹӺڰķŴȻγһŻ
̤̤̤
Ż֮дһŲȻûп˭Ѿ¶Ȼ顣
һߴӰŻ֮¶¸Žɫףͷϻǣǿ׳죬һţƵӡ
ǷֵĽţԼˣ
壡Ȼ֮ˣʦȵؿų֮ˣʵ벻Ϊ֮Ҳֵط
ȻҲܾ˻֣һνţû˵֮վһԣĿתĿ¶һɳݺ;Ĺâ
е嶼֮ŻȻʧһһεʧҲСϻǺƽҲǾһѵġ
֮е۾֮ϣһ̣ĴΪ׵徹Ȼһ˶Ȳ顣
ţ˫ֱַһԼ·ͷϰѪҺɤӣĿⴿվֱӡ
嶼ޱȣǶûд򣬸ŽţѧԼ˸һɶ
ţţͨһڵϣ󱲣
󱲣
󱲣

һһÿһκһιݣ֮ĹÿһζὫͷ­ص棬ܵ϶ôܻ࣬᲻ὫͷϿĳӡӡ
Ŵߵ֮󣬽ţͺһǽʽվӡ
ÿ۾ﶼ˸ųݵĹâƺǵľǵͼڡ
⡭Ȼôܹ֮ݣΪǶû˵ʦɻʵһ֪ĺܶ࣬ʵû˵
˶ҡҡͷЩķӦеĵλߣʶҪ࣬Ϊڹʵʱ򶥶ͷ
Ŵߵװ˰
𣿿¯ˣӦСˡı֮ı˶Թ¯Ŀܹݵڹ¯ߣ¯ָǶôǿĴأ
ʵΪֹ֪¯ʲôؾ־ǹ¯ûʵʶڡ
ɣٸóʱͻˡһƽĿƽؿ
Դӽ¯֮Խһֻڲе飬Ǿһз·Ͱźˣֻǰչ̶·һ顣
İˣǱĿ羴Ŀһֿһ˿塣ҶʮĬû˵ƺڵȴʲôĳ֡
ϲǣڣලߵˡ
֮û̫ķӦ߷׷װһֻҪල֣߳ǾûΣˡ
һȵ壬嶪ˡ
˭룬ල߾Ȼðôһ仰˶ȵص°͡
Ǳ֮󣬷׷׵ͷ­Ҳû뵽᲻ǵһģǽţǵȹأţãල߳ͷ
ǰɣҪʲôţΪλ飿
üͷһʼලߵĹƽˡ
ΣԼУŬɡල߳Ĭò˵ôһ仰֮㽫Ŀƿˡ
ȵо߱һ뵽ʸ񡣡ලƽ˷һ¡
ͰǰʲôȽп϶кôġ
ϧල߽Ļȴϣ׵ˣҪ˵̫磬𱦵ǲ֮ˣȽܻܵΣաѡȽ룬Ǻ롣Ȼ벻һΣվС
ල߻ôԻ
ܵľթ
ȽΣմ󣬺϶ΣСලô̻尡
ǣҾûȽȥĺãõʱʲô˼ûˣǽȥϲϣ
ҿɲãҿ˽ȥ̽̽·ȽϺãһ·ô߲һ𣿡
˵Ҳԣⶫ˭˵׼

֮ߴߴǱߵĳĬγĶԱȡ
λͷҲͷ۲ѣһʱòע⣬׷׽Ŀ⿴
ȻǶԸϣһʱʵı֣֮ѾΪĺȻûԼ£˭С˼
ʦƽཻ
𣿡ָָԼʵ
ʵûа취֮£׵İ취Ϊһֱã
ǻ֪¯飬ҪȻΪʲôÿһΣյʱ򣬶Ŷȹأ
ϵܣҿɣǶûˡʦϿҵ˵˵ĵʵ
ߺͺˮ̵ÿ϶Ŀ⿴˭Ըȥݾ˾һݵΰ
٣ɣǶ㣡սԥ㿪˵һơ
װˣ֪Щ˻ԼΪǲһ˶صΣΨԣ
ɹˣҺϼһϲʧˣҪĴɱͿԣ
ЩҪͷˡ
ǰһϴЦݣ˵ѡһ룡


410 
һ룿
˶û뵽˵ôһ𰸣ⲻǰһĻø˼һ
ϵܣ²׵ɣʦɫЩѿѾеڰѡȨˡ
ǲżϴ΢Цƽ˵ҪջѡȨǾ͵û˵
һ˼֮ջǾȫȨҪܹܵεĻȥˣõ
أ˵Ҳٺġ㣬ҲǣţɫЩ˼һſ˵
ȴǰڰ֣Щ鲻Ҫż½ۣǰҪ¡һĻǶܹõ࣬˵Ҳһ¡
ţ磬˵ĶԣӦøһȥĻǿ϶Ƚȥġȸż˵ﰡ
ֻҪܹǰȥ϶ܹѰһЩġʵǧѷĺûᰡ
̶籪һ˫ɫһĨɱ¾ٺٵЦţӦǰɣֻǸһ룬ںʱ˵ˡǻҲʵĻһᶾǣ
ţһȥ㶮ãߺħһЦǱ鲼ƬԵ쳣
ţһǵ۾һ˿ԥһ֮󣬲˵ãҿԴӦһ룬Ҳ㱣֤κ顣
û⣡ֻҪһȥͿˡһЦ¶һڰڼĻǶħ
ʦǻҪ˵ʲô˼ͲǻᣬֱӶǼල˵ˣලߣþˡһȥ
ල߿˰βſ˵ԣ
Ƿһʯͷ֮ҪһŽΪ¡һصĲֿ⣬һɱ˷Ѫ׳
ΪλĸоԼҲֻ֪ǾΣգǷǳΣա
˸Ҫ̿ʼһʶȴǴ뵽Ķߡ
СӣǼලߡ
һ㶣űصͷܲ죬ලʲô
֪㲻һˣҲ¯ΪʲôֻһҪϣܹһĨɱ޷Ĩɱ㣬ҲὫǿ߳¯ලߵܱ䣬һĻ˵
䣬ϵЦȴʮֲãΪһֱڻɵ飬Ҫȷˡ
˵ɣϴ뵽˼ලǱߣķӦලЩţ֪Ϊʲôǰô
ʲôԣ㲻ɱĴ𣿡ල˵ߴһӲݷ
ͷʾԼףɽֿʵһɣ˵ΪʲôҪܹ֮õʲô
ѵ㲻Ų෽ܹලŭһﾹȻһ仰ʾˡ
ȻЦ紺棬ҲҲ޷ɱңԭӦ֪ģ
ල߳Ĭˣȷ޷ɱΪѾԹܶˡ¯ΪǿߵõʵĵطȻǿҲл룬ÿһεջ񶼲дľӢȴ̫ˡ
Ȼһγ⡣
ල߳Σ࣬ÿһܹѰһǿڻලֵ̫ʱ򣬱иָ¼֡
ලߴڵʱ̫ˣԶʱڱڣ֪ȻҲࡣ֪ԼɱΪ̫£Ĺ⻷ţ£ûлᡣ
֮£ලֻϵҲû뵽ȻǸӲԵļһΪ֪޷նɱʵ
һ˵ල߳ȥ鶼Ըù¯ĳͷ
ϵЦԽԽƽĵ׵ϲȴǼŨ
ȷһ㣬¯ߵ־ƵģһƬǾԵĴڡֻҪܹץ©顣
硭ڣͿԱżල߾ͷ
ðɣֻҪӦҵҿһල߿ǺˣҲֱ֪ӻ߼ӵĸɵĴΪֻܹӦ
΢΢ҡͷϲĴ𸴡˫΢΢зţ˵ҪӦһ飬ߴӦҵһ
ල߳ĬˣִܿһϢԣǲܹΥҵԭ˵˵ɣ
żڻûãõʱһģģҲ⣬û˺뷨Էġ˵ѾֻƬ֮ռλ
ලûа취ˣֻܴһ϶Ĵ֮󣬾ʧˡ
ãܺãҲǿ˰ɣãҲһܹôǿ顣
ȥ˼ҵؾȴҪؾϴվԼùԹԵĴӦԼʲôõԼʱ˵
ǺεȵţǺεȵİԵ
ȻˣֻΪ˸Լһ·ˡ
Ŀ»صţϣЦݵ˵ˣ߰ɡ
ţݺݵصһۣǳ׺ݣȴߵĸзŭим
ףǸֵļһţߵߣһ˫޴۾ضȴϳ˺Ц֮ûĶ
һƣţһȥ
ţشϢţ˵ʵݺݵһ٣вƺǺ½ֹ͵ˡ
ͬʱ̤뵽ʯػŵĵ·ϣʱ·͵һԵʯǹ⻪˸·ǻ˹һ
Сģ
Сģ
һǺȸһȴʦ
ͽţ·ʲôûһֱͦͦվţһ
߽Ҫͣס˽ŲǶˡ
صһ촫˾ȻͬʱµĴˡԼٶͬʱڴȥ
⡭˶ɵˣ⵽ڸʲô˴ͨ
ɺܿǾ֪˷ǵûдͨãǱٰ֮
꣡꣡꣡
һʯЩԭ׷ŵĵ񽥽ػ˹·ǳ˯ǧѹޣŬضϲණ
壡壡ˣսŭˣԼͬʱŭǰȥЩûȫָǰܶԶܶԶ
ϧ·ôܹ˲ǰ壬ڶһ˾Ϳ϶һԵʯǼǳΣյ顣
ͷ֮󣬱ǿǣ˴˲ϵλãƴǰȥ


411 ͨ
ʼʱҶȽԼᶯǹʹײ֣ԼõĿռǰ塣
ɽأЩʯѾܹˣǲ߶ʮһƶĶһӴ˹ȥʱ˴˳ȥ
ɵ˲ƫУǡ䵽˵·֮⣬ƺЩ񲢲ȡػס
ǿ߷߳ţΪͷжǣֻгȥֻн뵽ܹʶǵõȥǾֻ߸ɵۡ
ϵ˳ֲϵ˱Ϊõλöսˣ֮սҲҡ
ǰͽţȴûж֣Լٶǰţȴֽµƺûоͷʲôӵٶǰ壬ĴʼջôԶ
ߴˣû𣿡ţЩǵ˵Դӽ뵽¯֮ǿ߾һֱ䣬ÿһ˶ͷѪ
һЦʵѾܲˣ˸ֻҪǵͿˡ
ţһ㶣Ȼɲ⣬˭֪ǴЦԴߵʲôܡ
˲ٶܣǰţҧš
ͷѾܵ࣬ƴǰ壬ӳԶԶͽţٶȣȻû׷
˷·ԭ̤ôܶû˫֮ľ룬ֱĸо
ô£սţǿʵ·ͲۣѾЩˡ
֪Ӧĳ󷨣ǵʵƾʩչʦüͷһ˵
ҪǱĻʵ̫Կˣռ˱ˡ
ߣƾͺˣͳԽˣ̶籪ʮֲˬ˵ʦͬʱڵڶϣóľٶȣȴʼܲǰսߺħҪ֪˶óٶȵİ
죬ʵ̫ˡ
ôʲôǰߵܣӣվнʱ򡣡ߵ̬Ǽã˵֮ԴһĿ񱼡
Ĵ֮ϣǵܹӰڷرţֻģЩǱеʱ޷ܹ
ˡ
ģһɫ⻪֮ϴɲη俪
Щʯ񱻽ɫ⻪һգʱŭ·𱻸һ㡣
ȫˣǸĵһǹκεĶṥ
໣
һȻڽţǰӴبڴ֮ϣûһ·˼
أţһЦٺٵ˵ϵսⰺ
һЦǫõ˵ţѾȲˣǾɣǿɵ˵ˣһң
ãʹ죡ҵģţЦһ˫ȭǰ
ţŭһӺȻ֮һ˻֮⣬Ǵ￴һͷŭĹţ
ʱſ·ʯʲôȻҲţһ֡Ƥţ
ѹ֣ѹһôߵĶ־أԭ˰Ǿҿǵ˭ǿɣЦţܹһţȻû
ŭţǺƤţû˿ڵֱײһĿ⣬ײ
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ǺƤţӴڽţı֮¾Ȼ֮ûУӲźˡ
ҹɣţһ˫۷˫Ȼǰš
ವһӣǱȽţ廹ҪĺƤţͱ˳ȥţǵƣ·ǶһͷȽϴʯͷˡ
ţǹİԼĿޣţҲ˵ĹЦ
˼ǰȥǼƺûʲôܹ赲סˡ
ģǰһӰֳٶȼƶš
ţ˫һأԹˣϣ㲻ҪʧŶ
һЦͷߣӣ˵ţģͿϷɣ
˵꣬һٶȶȻӣ˫ȭȻһʹá
ţɴһţۣڴؿʼվǿɾǿʲôزȴûл֤
ںò׵ȵˣţȻŹ
Թڳҽ˸Σֱ
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ڵڲʩչֶεǰ֮£ƾ޷֮ġ
ȻǲҲȥ
ɣ棡ɫƽһĨЦ¶ƺԵĲʲôˣڼҵСܵҪһˣ

Թֱ㶵رƺҪֱӽҧϡ
ǵɫˮǼͣһЦ¶һڰЦе˵ˣӲͬûõģ
ವһӣȻ٣Ӱࡣ
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˫ٶȼ죬ڿ˻Ӱ
ԹȻԾ𣬷צӣݶ׼ĲӺؿڣƺǴһ
ȻֵƣԹ˲䣬ȭȻݺݵشԹ°ϱߣλ׼ȷǡԹ޷ã֫צӸӦ㱻һץסǰȣȻ
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ػץԹȺݺݵڵϣÿһζصľ񣬾ں߿ŵĽţЩĲ̣ԼڱץŸ첲ȶڡ
֮ԹûжɻĹͷѾɢˣԱһˣ֪ȥˡ
˫֣ͷŽţһ죬Цţ磬ûʧɣ
ţЦһأδе̫˰ɣ
ҵǾţֶβŽأֱӰ˼Ҹȥˣһˤ£ҪȻԹ϶ҧˡƤ˵ΪˤöԷʧȥսȻ󶪵õѡ
ţ˵ˣһҡͷָָǰĴ˼Ǽǰ
ұҿû㱩࣬ҿɲл뵽ֻ¶ĨЦʵ̫ˡ
˼ǰ壬һ··޵ԽԽ࣬ʵҲԽԽǿֻ޵ʵǿҲվûпԪӤż
ֻҪﵽԪӤڣͽţ޻Ҫ޵ļһֱܹײٶ˿سȥ
󷽣һֱ׷ѰӰͷǶǿĿɿڴǽţǿ˶׼ҪȻ˼ҲܳΪĴ֮ס
ǿƺеְ


412 ֮
ΪϵܸǴʶʶأ˰˼һֱǿǿ˲һ㰡
ǰһĻʦˣһֱǿǿԼ
أ˼ҲǿǽţҪǿ
ЦʵǿЦ
ʦϵı˷ϸϸ۾˸ŵâа뵽ǿɣǿɣԽǿҵİվԽˣ
һսŤͷʵʦõСӵģҰ
ȷ飬˼ϴǳ˸龰ⲻʲô
һѾһѾҲ֪ôǿʦޱȵؽ˵ʲôĿɬ˷˭ܹأ
ϻרĵ㣬ʯʵԽԽǿˣһҪ뵽֮Уߺغϲ˺ˮһ·ʵҲܡ
ǰһ·ڽһԶ֪ƣıȻͷʮĿͳš
ǰͽţѾ֪˶ʯ񣬿Ȼûе
ţ磬ô£ΪڻûдﵽһѶͷϵĺˮôʱƴڼڵѹƵ޷ʹãЩˡ
ţشϢһˬ˹˵֪ҸͲ֪ͽˣ
ðɣǿѰķôȥᱻģε˵е㺦»һֱȥʱ򲻹Ƕôǿ壬ᱻ۳ɹġ
ţͷɵٶһЩ
ʯһһر˹һһķ˴ƺͲֹͣ
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ʯɲʯ̶ɣɵǹʱȴʵģֻʯǱʲôٿصأ
Ȼ뵽˸ոս¯ʱĹǻǣЩǻǲòƵ
ʶһʯ֮УϸؽԷ̽˸ȻΪܹ㹻ʱ̽飬ʱ򻨷˶ʱ䡣
󷽣ĽţأҪ˷ʱ䣬ٶȽҪǲУ
˲ҪԼУͺһһȭʯ˳ȥϵЦݲ
ҵ취ˣȽţֱӿ˵ŶԷϵĴ㵣û˿˵ǵöԸǻǵİ취𣿲ɣǲøӾҰɣ
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֮ǰѧĲȴһ£ò˵ȷǳ˷̺ͳϡ
ΪһεĳԣٴζʱƵӵļ죬ûü͵֮ǰܹƹǻǵĵزˡ
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Ƶٴӣӵһֲĵز
ǰѾЩģˣܹܵסƵʵĲʶҲܹܣΨ۾ʵǸˡ
ģһҲ˹⽫·Ťˡ
ˣףЩʯҲûˣѵ˵˲뵽һܣһѰ취
ʵڣȥĴߣÿһܼѣƺĵ·Լһ
Ҳ٣һβȲǾΣβȲǾΣվܹѰ취
ÿܹȵһ·ʱĽţѾɴ۾Ĳ˼顣
ҿⲻİɣȻһҪţˣ֪ʲôĴˡ
ţƣǵģǽţԸ˵һΪûС
Բٶȥ֮ľҲڿٵš
һ˳ϣȻѰ취ˡţЦһӲͷƤʼӲƵʣϧô٣޷ﵽ״̬
ڣţˣΪ嶼ҪɢܵʱҲûзκε
Žӽſڵţ鸴ӵ˵һ仰أ㵽ǸʲôˣϣǲΪ˰ɣǾԲܳΪˣ
ʵߣĽ޴ƽһܹ·ǰУò˶ʱ䣬ܹÿһƫ˿ˡ
ȻƵʽҪԼľԲԣһⷽԣ˭֪˳·ȥȥʲôط
±Ȼ̧ͷǼĸɢŽɫĹâһبŵϢ
ãҵѡûд¶ϲãЦ
ͷһȴǽţѾԼ˦˺ԶǼһڳԼء
üͷһ֪ԼֱֵôһͻˡҲûа취飬Ϊ˶ôֻԼñԼˡ
ݱˣǲ粻ŬñԼ
ȻˣǾͲҪˣȽȥ˵㿪һʯһŽ߷ɳȥ֮½뵽˼ٶ״̬֮С
ܿ죬ʵֻˣһĵ·Բˡ
һľ񱬷ϵŬţϵصţһӺѾÿһܹĿˡ
ˢˢˢ
Ӽǰ壬ܿ嵽ǰ
ҽ̨̤׵ʱһ»ع鵽ʵĲȻƽϢ
⡭𣿡һɹǿϢһѹסߵļ
ŽǴſھǿĳҪǽȥ֮ǵжôǿ
ûż룬̨֮ϵԼ״̬
ƽͣÿһϸԾ͵۾˫Ȼһ˲̤ʮ̨ף˶ƽ̨֮ϡ
ƽ̨֮󣬱߹ʮɵĴˡ
̧ͷĸĴ֣Ȼһɾ˵ѹӿ
¡
ռ䱻סˣ·һ󶦴϶½ѹסˡ
ߣҪûôףĸǿеֵž޴ѹ
ѹ֪˶µϴ񣬴بŵϢ·һͷڵĹϱߣһԽɫ۾
飡
վĵ濪ʼ飬Ҳܲס޴ѹ˫ȸֱӴ͸˼Ӳĵ棬ûС
ܿ죬ϥҲû棬ʱ³ֹͣˡ
شϢţǹһĨǿЦݣٺЦ˵ôҪѹ˻ûгأʲô¾ɣǲģҲ
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Ȼһ£Ǵһ㡣
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žણžણ
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413 

Ц֮ǰ˻ŬĽţߣѾͷǰ˻ڱķɳȥǿԣ¯
ˡ
ƺΪ˶ԿЦĲɫ⻪ĸϴ
أ
ģţӺݺݵײ̨ϣײһ޴Ρ
⡭ʲôţԴɸովͱ˴Ӻײˡ
顭
ߴײţĵǸοӶ
ҹţŭһžϵ޺ͷǡ
һĻЦˣ˵ԭǻôһϵټǿ֮ӵѵһ
Ļţɫ׵غأ쵰ƿ˽ô˵һҡ
˵ţͣȻתغͣ
γһԵļź󷽴ȥЩڿ񱼹ǿ߱ĶᣬסӣûһܽӴ
ţ磬ǺαأЦе˵ûż
أұ죡ҪһԣţƤ˵һ˫ӺݺݵصһԵͷǡ
˶βѣȴҲûж˵ʲôϾ˫ݲͬҲԤ֮ġ
أôģǿѹôܳܵסţʵһһߵ̨ϣߡ
ʼ֪ͬ˵֪ΪҲ壬ѹҵѹСܶɡ
ţҡҡͷȴûٶ˵ʲôϾ˭Լܣ֪Խ࣬ǾͱԼΣԽ
һˣǻŵĻ϶ˣͷ˵ȻҶˣôǽȥɡ
Ҫ뵽ˣ
˵ĺ֮˵ʵ̫ǿˡ
һԵĽţһƣţ磬ɣϾһȽȥ²׵
ϵܣɲа֮ǰνˣڵĻʦ˳ⲻڿЦ˵дѵıأȽеȻܹõĺôװ׵óȥˣⲻû¶ҳ
˭룬ȴڰ֣ʦζ˵ʦǱϾǿˣڽ˼ݵʱǱҪʾǵľ⡣
ˣݣ⡭
⼸ϵ֮ʦ۾һͨʲôһ˵ðɣͰϵ˵ɡ
һԵսͼˣʦû˵ʶбϵ˵ϵܵ˼ý̽·ȽϺá
սȻͷصԼ̬Լղ̫ðˡ
ߵĴɰľˣԻˣԺĵ·ߵĶࡣ
ãأĺҼסˡҾȽȥɡţͷ˵Ȼƴǣ˵Ļ
ûа취һȽȥˣǶȵĴ󲻾
ţ̧ͷǽⰵĸ֣ϵֿʼˡ
ЩǿǷ׷׹֣صعš
һģæһ߿˿˳ʦ˶˱߶
֮Ĺϵô˼Ҽݵʱ򣬸еڻҪеģ˾Ͳˣˡ
һΣţļݳӸˣۻң̲סظпһֱļʽ͹ӵˣڿĸļʽ򵥰
ϵ˵Ķԣϵܣһ󰡣ʦ˸ɫЩε˵
͵֮ǰʦԼ˵飬ͷЦŵʦ˵֮ǰҴӦ𣿷İɣҲʳԵġ
ʦͷʮָ˵˵˾ͺã˾ͺð
һԣˮ̵˹뻮һؿʵ٣ˮ̵лľ֮ˮ̵ǷģԺᲹǺˮ̵κκˮ̵֮˶Ϊ㸰𣡡
ӹǺɫƣͷ봢ָУ˵õģҪһġ
Ҫˮ۹̫ǣΪˮ۹ҲҪһ֮һӴ̫࣬ʱ»᲻֡
һԿţӵתţƺл˵ɵʱǺٺٵɭЦЦû˶
ΪʧΪʦ֮˶Լ֦ģ˭˾ȻʾûС
ʱԼþô˵ģǵˣҲûġ
ʱļʽˣţֱߣؾϹأллǼȵĻᣬԺ󲻹ܷʲô飬嶼ѣ
ããû⣡һЦȽĹĶǣԼȻϲţֺˬʹ󷽡
Ȼһ仰ýţ϶
ˣǽȥɡӦòųˡţڴ˵һ˫۾ضŻ˿ûע⵽Ѿ˵©͡
һųȻ˰Һøˡ
ţԼ֮֮λͷߣ֮岢н롣
̤뵽ʱ򣬶оһŨϢ·һλٴǿϢ޷ˡ
󱲽ţӵܣݼȣһţͨһǹ˵ؿͷ
üͷֱæһȥϸشŽţͷĶ
һ޴ĵ񣬵ֻͣ˫ų״˫ֳצģ󱳻˶Դϱ߶һǣһ˫۾ϸԶƺܹ͸˵˼΢΢ſߣһϸ˸Žɫĺ⡣һִβͣĲڽ£ƺ˵յǿ
һôļϰԸţɲҰʳҪȻţ϶ֱӸġ
һ󣬽ţִǿһ˾ŸͷŽ˶
ɾվʱһ΢
ꡭ
˷׷̧ͷϸš
꣡꣡
ԽԽ࣬ԽԽ
ȵĵˣˣ̶籪ʧɫغֱֱָѿĵط
ȵĵѿˣ϶ʲôõװ
ѵԽԽˣɵĽһʵǣĴûʲôʧ
ŵԭԽ࣬һĪ̳
е̫˰ѣ̳֣ףװЩˣӲһȴʦĸ첲
ͷһƣʦһּȿ񣬶̳š


414 
˵ɴ۾ҴһµؿǵӶҪɳˡ
ɨһĴǵоȻỨ
ȵĵĶˣǺ¶
شʣΣأΣ٣֮Σ
ܿ죬ѵֹͣЩ̳Ҳɢ
ôܣ
ҵ찡ⲻܰ
ô
˵˵ģ
ұ죡

˲ˣص֮У˿Ǿʧ룬ޱȡ
ãţһɤ˶͡
űǳĬͼž˶ɴ۾
Ѿǵˣһĺǣһܹǡ
ûǵǹϵĹâõͷţɫĹâӿ˶ڡһ͵Ϣÿһ˵ͷˡ
ôܣǾȻսҡͷ˵Ӳǰһ
ɾһСȴ˶Ȼվؿս
սһ㶣漴˹һ
üͷ壬Щˣڼ֮Ѿȫʱһϰ֮Ļһ֮սȻῪˡ
ҪҪΪһЩòʧûǵվֻ߶ܹ˵ϻ
Ļ˫΢һЩûз裬ұ˴עţš
Žţֿ˿ǹǣʵţ磬ܸ˵˵𣿡
ţ۾죬˵Ϣ˵ǵ֮һԪ
Ԫû˵
ҡҡͷ˽̫ˣΨһ֪ҲǱߵһЩǿߡǿǶޣǵʵǿһ˶ȥǡǵĵķǳڣΪǵ࣬Ȼʵǿᵫ޷вͳΣҲûȥǵ鷳ˡ
ԪֻǸ˵ڿ˵ˣЩ˵Ҳģأо仰ұҪ˵ˡţɫӵؿüͷ˵
ͷʾ˵ȥ
һţϵһɨȥĿᶨ˵أԪĺǶ˵̫ҪˣҪ
ûżظĿŵɢŹâĺϡ
ߣ˼Ҫĺˣǲе̫ˣɭɭΪʲô¯ıô
ĿǰΪֹ¯ıӦþԪĺˣò׳һҪóȥⲻǿЦ
ƽȵģһֵģȻ˭һڡҪֱӴߵĻҿʵʦͷǰɲ˾û¶ˡ
Ԫǹ֮һܹõĺǣߣмĺôԵĻƳΪһܣʵǿĿ¡
ţ磬ҿεЦЦЩֻǲˣҪ˵Ҫİţ򲻿ܵġ
ţص˵ͷҲ֪ܣҪԡڿվǵ͹̰
ţ磬Ҿ˵ȺͲţǷϻʲôֱɱǲˣ̶籪ͱĲˣһɤӺ
ţûż˵һ˫۾ؿ˵ʵͦϣܹʲô취ɹֹһѪ
ϧûа취һ޷սغ棬غ塣
أ⣬ڿѾûа취ˡţһЦ񽥽ر
ûа취Ϊͷߣţ鲻̫֣Ҫȫ֡
ɱ飬ռȶĹչȥɡҶûȤҲˡͷԼμսǶһֽɡ
ϾһֱǱųʶ̬¯ģܵõ͵õòҲȥǿ
֮˶ľʮֳԾҶ֪ܹսĻӮˣμӣ˫ʤƽƽˡ
ϵܣװɣʦɫʮѿʵǺ飬˼ֱ˳սⲻˣ
һüͷ˵ʦ˵óͬȼֵĶǵĻǻӦ𣿡
Цϵܲ᲻֪ǵҪ԰ɣƾЩóʲôĶʦ˵ʵû뵽ôһס
ʼε˵飬ֻܲμˡ
˵꣬ˣÿмλãĿڹ֮ϣƺѾˡ
˫ͽҶĦȭƵ׼ţȴһԿɱ¾
̾ϢһеĿɬ˵սΪȻԼϲ壬ǽţǿƺˬļһ
ˣľôˣʣµҪˡһر۾ٿȥˡ
ɱ
֪˭ôһ䣬ͱ˵Ĺڷ˳ȥ
ǿ߿սˣһֱǾǿĹ顣
âݺᣬ𶯾죬Ѫ˲׷ɿһ̱üݽ档
ĴĴشһ𣬴ҶǹǴȥۿžҪֵʱԱһǿ᲻ηĹѾˡ
֮£սֻԽԽңǹȻɢ⵭ĽɫâȵǱ֮ϡ
ԪΪҪأŻԪǸӡ
ܹܵӺ֮ϴǿ󲨶Ͳܹҡġ
ʶأʶ˹ȥҪ̽һϵкǿ
ʶڻûǵʱܵ谭һĽƺǷͼֱӿʼĥʶ
ףô꣬ѵǻʶɣ۾һ̫ⷴͻȻ̫ԵͲ˶Ķܹ߱ġ
ӴʶǿȣѰһȽϱĵطǿƵͻƽС
ãϢǵصشֻһǿᵽ޷ܵѹײһ𣬼Ҫһ˲ͽʶƬˡ
ãʶ㹻ǿᣬӲض
ǵұʶǿǿĺܲԣеŹְŹϸ̽һ֮󣬷Щ֮
ϵϢܹ죬оϢͬƺѾϵһ㡣
˳ϢչԼʶǰҪ֮䵽ǲϵ
ûиǵһʱ͵һŭһرɫâȻֱӽʶȫնϺˡҪǰʶӣѾܵ˺
Ȼ˶һɽǼʱѾǵó̡
üͷţؿǹǣԴһ뷨һܿЦǺܿʵ뷨
Ҫˣǿ˭ߣһ˵һ˶ͣĻ


415 ı
أʲô˼ţһʵ
˫֣ͣԶˣʦɫӵؿʵϵܣ˵ʲô
ͷʾҲҪżſ˵ҷǵϢϵһģҸղų̽һ£ͱֱӱʶԵĻڶֳִܷǵĹ֮ǰȷһǲԸ߰ɣ
ʲôȻ飿
˶ĻѾһˣôǿҲ޷˿ɡ
һʶٵŹ̽ȥЩʮ־صļһҲò̽һù
˵Ľٴβһ׾ٵر㽫̽ʶˣ˫˶һ۵ĿʼѪˡ
ô˵ûдɣȷһٶֲ١ƽ˵Ѿȷ޷ҡǣοˣ
廹壬˵ɫʮѿоǱˣŪһ㣬Ѿ˼ûǵʱȴǱ֪ߣǻ˭ܡ
õĺǣܹжߵͺһδʱһѾ˳ȥ
Ҫȴţֹˣյ˵ǵȷӦöֱǲܵģǱǵĿʲôΪ˴߹ǣ׳ʵ
Ƕ޷߹ǵĻǾûбҪˡԼڶŰæǻôʲô
¡¡ıը𣬿ߵĹǿһȥȻǵһͷûֱӱǽɫ⻪ڵ
߻ЩģܹõϵβֻͣҪ΢Լܹõһǿıԣ߲ĵǽһը
Ȼˣ߶Щˣ˼ҹȻ̩ɽ˿
򲻶˵ûдϢϵһ˵Ǳһ塣ϵˣ߿ĺ͸ֱӰˬĵط˵˳
ǱߵһɫԽѿˣǺȸҧҧջǾ̽ϧĽȻˣǲɶҡ
԰ǳֿ϶ĿĵģڿҪ˴ߣΪʲôҪأֹţüͷţһɲĸо
ӹǳֵڣʲôطԼ˵ģ·һıĵչԼǿӰӣȴıһë޷׽
߿ʼɨӣ֮ڵһ飬ﵽ裬ٵվŵǿߡ
ȻĿ䵽˵ϣʬ尲š
첽ߵһʬԱߣϸؿš
ʬԱߵĽɫ⻪ҪһЩȻǺ΢Ĳ𣬿ֻҪϸܹġ
ʬ忴ûʲô⣬ֱʬ϶ġ
˶սһɴ۾ǾȲѵ֪ˣʲôС
ߺĬر˳ĬŵʱȽϳ֪һ㵱¶ֱʱ򣬶֡
Ǳȴǲͬˣǲ֪ˣʲôСǺȸɫƵؿǽţ˵ţ磬һﵽˣʲôУôҿȽȺļһɱ˵ǵ棡
Ƚţ˵Ѿ˹ǵǺܺ𣿡
⻰һ֮˵ˣţЩüؿʵأʲô˼
ʲô˼ߣڿɲصǽ¶ΣдıģһߵѾǵϵʬ·ſ
ѵʬϵ·ܿͱ˸һɶ¶һѾɱ˵Ƥҡ
Ц˵ոȥûжðɣΪʲôһľѪʧˣ
˶ˣţ첽˳ʬͬ˸ɾʬһ˾Ѫսͬɫѿط⼸ʬҲˡ
ģϵˣţͺһȻǲǴԴҲߵĵ
ðð벻ôˣȻҪջǴսȻǵľѪѵҪָΰʦ̾ǼһЩǿַͨ·ָʵû뵽һôĺҲܹ
ڰ֣˶˵ϵˣһıһı
أѻ˵׵㣡ţüͷ˵ԼԴĲˡ
ͷǰһָǰĽɫ⻪˵ǣҪ
ʲô
أ㲻Ҫ˵ĻɢˣôܻḴأţͿڷûлǵĹôֻʲôô
֪ôʣ˵ĻɢˣһĨʶأ֮ǰҲû˵ɣ֪һŰɣ
ûв´Ļÿһι¯ĿдȥЩѪᱻ˷ѵڿǵǲģѾָòˣֻҪһľѪӦþܹҪˡ˵ֻԽԽ䡣
ܹ˵ֿǿĹ
һʱ䣬˵ĺһλĴڴĶ̫ˣЩǿԼԴߴĴڣ㹻ʵͻͽˡ
Ҫ˵̫ˡ˵Ƕһ˿ʶûлǵģҪҪһЩȥһЦ˵ĻѾײˡ
ȱľǻǣЩ˵ĻͽȥĻӦþܹ临ˡ
ţ磬֪ʲô뷨ҪǣǸˣĻҲǲģȲ˵ܴܲǿˣֱܲӽĹŴɽ̤ƽ˾ͺܲˡţԸĻǿԶһġĿ˽ţ֪һһҪǿĿԵĻţ϶Լġ
ϧôģҪýţ֮ģðװ
һԣߺħյ˽ţǰɫ˵˵ûд޷֤ĻǷΪܻ壬Ŀܡ̫ðˣܳԣ
ţһ۾֮󣬲ðɣȻˣ뿪
뿪ȻˣͲҪˣȫҵζȰɣ
Ȼһ쳹аϢӿһɿ־岻شӻð˳
ߣһſڴȥ
صһײһ½ɫǽ֮ϣŻǱµʵʵҪȥˣ


416 ֮
·ûˣ˱֮У־岻ӿ
Ȼ˵ˣǾͲҪˣҵҪ˼ǧĹʲôӡһŬƽղͻȻֵǹϢʵ̫ˡ
ž֮ڼžֻʣµĴֲڵĺ
ɽģѹʣ޾ѹ֡
ô涼¶ѾסˣʲôЦǺǵ˵ԴȴڼٵתţĿǰ
ǹʶ˵ȴҳּ棬Ǿ˵кµĶʲôھ޷֪ˡ
ϵܣڸô죿ʦߣڲ֪䣬ķѾΪͷˡ
ֻǺܿЦǣͷ˵ýΣյʱãһʲôϵĳͻͱĲôҪˡ˾ĴڣȤֺܿЦ
ҡҡͷ˫۽ضǹǣûʲôϢûз֡
أȷ˵ȵʶ𣿡ţһ£ʵ
Щֵؿ˽ţһۣ漴ˣЦЦ˵ţ磬ҾԿʣǲȡ
ţһ룬˵ĶԣǼһﶼѾ˵ˣԼʲ
ǰ棡𣿡ţ˵ʱԼˣǷǳĽţ˵ˡ
ڴ֮ڻصţȴûκش
üͷһš֪ʶҪʲôѵΪ˽ס
ôӦûһĶɡ
ߣҿͲʲôʶ֪Ǵ˵ʶУװǻưˣһתƣһм˵
ʦ˽һ⻰ʹ˻ͷںЦ˵ϵ˵Ķԣҿ⹷ƨʶڳģ涼¶ҿǻֱӳȥˣ
ôҪҪһ֣ɸƬʱӦþܹ˰ɣսٺЦţһֱڳŽţۡ
ţĺһ㲻˵ˣǰļһҪȳǸʶ
ʶܹȵ𣬿ǵȲʱԽǵ߾ͻԽʱͻȻϮʲôģǱزٵġ
ˡ
Լʮ֮󣬴֮ǹǺȻһĨѪɫӿɫĺǽرѪ
˫һɣһĴȣŭģƭˣʱǾѪ
ǹ˶˵Ѿɹյ۷ǿߵľѪڵжʵͲö֪ˡ
ٺ٣η벻ǧӵܴˣȻȲһСӣϴһɭͳǺҹĹǳͳ
мһѹסĵ׵ľţʵ˵ɣҪʲôҪȡǵǲһԱʲôò
úݣ
˵ĵ׶ðô֣Ҳǣ䱻⿴žͲʲôöĹǻ˾Ѫ治͸һɱʽըҲˬһ£˵ܹըء
ߣСҲڱǰӵܣǰȺնɱٴ˵ֻһ˵ԵĴ˸ɫʡ
һֱתţһ￴ͣǴӵһ˵ѾЩı仯Ȼ΢Сܹ
Ļյʬ֮ҲյʬӰ졣
ǿ߻һмȵļһҪӹǵ˼Ҫȥ֡ãţ
ʲôûȷͼ֮ǰǵĵˣţֱӺһ˫ɺȻ˲С
ҪϵһǸֽϻɣҪȻԶȡҵͷˣָʹǵǹ𣿡Цһز׽˹ǵ
ǲ˵ˣֻϵѪɫâԽǿңһѪߴӺ֮ӿҪѪһ㡣
ɾʱȴ͵һһŽɫâѹӲǹǵһϵѪɫâ˲Ͱ
ģģΪʲôΪʲôѾＸǧˣΪʲôҳȥ¯¯Ĺ¯Ҳģ
һǹǾһħ֮ںһ㡣
ɫЩףȻ뵽һԣʵǲԸġ
ǰȥܷܲŹǣͻȻ˵һ˫ﾫ˸ʮг⡣
ǺٺٵЦЦֻЩСҳܴھԵʵǰĴãЩ϶µĹ¯СܹƵģԣǲҪˣǵľѪǿԴȪɣֻҪҳȥˣ²ҵˣ
⻰ɫƽǽţǿȴѿĺܡ
ţ磬ڿȷ˰ɣһǸӣȥˣҲǿ󣬷ὫԨһĳ˵
ţĬˣһ˫ӿǣֿԵͬ飬֮̾Ϣһʧޱȵ˵վûǷõİˡˣˣʾ㹻ˣѾǹȥĴˣǵļɣ
Цˣ֪ţѾ࣬¶˾ġ
ʣ֮λͲϡЩϼһԸ֮λǸСļһҲңߣҾ֪Ҿ֪ٴȻǾ̫顣
ԪǰҲǸǿĴڣлõʵλãܹĳһɱ̫ˣĵҲ϶Ǹ
ҲΣҲ˺δţһͦһɾǿϢɢʮ㡣
ǶҪɱǣҪɱǣǶʱŭʵû뵽ΪԼĺ󱳾ȻһĻ½˱ѣ
ǵģǱѣʵʲôʱӦվһġڽţԵҪֽɵⲻǱʲô
ΪδµĹȥԶĳ˯ɣɱţͺһǷսǰԡ
ţ¡¡سȥһػǹǣƺҪɹͷӡ
ҲϰɣֻдԪǲгȥĻᣡ˫һ䣬Ѿߣ˵ֱ֮ӳȥ
λͷһеı仯δе̫췭ظ˰ɣ
ϰɣʲôȳȥ˵
Ҳǣȸɵһɣ˵ܹõĺǡ
ô࣬ʡ˶֪ôģ
ɱ
һһ䣬˵֮ͬʱȥ
һʱ䣬ˣǿ߷׷Ʋ˳ɼعǹͬĵˡ
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ͬһײǹǰһûнɫĹâΪڵѪɫĹ⻪˸ѣĹɵصֵ
ǵϢǿ󣬲ǧĹҲǸǵģɵر㽫Щˡ
ƾЩСҲɱңߺߣ¯ûа취𣿡


417 ֮
ܲпɲ˵ģһеĹͣЪ
˵Ĺ϶ֵѪɫĹâͬǼӲɴݻٵıһ㣬ι̵߹ǡ
Щ⣬ĿǰΪǿӦþɣȻֻʣһѹͷӣɵЩͷ㹻ɵؽ˸㶨ˡ
ɻԪûվǺһ¶ǳѣ
˵ʲôܻܿĳǿŹǣܹƾǿʶһЩͷ
ҷĵعһ޷ƶǿҲбĥɾʱ򣡼֣֣Ѿ˵Ĺˡ
ѪɫĹâ˵ľѪ֮ǰҲ̫ࡣ
ķĻƲ¯¾רĥԪģ
ֻЩǿ߿Ҳû뵽Ԫıʵ̫ˣٵѪ֮ûֱɢ˻ǣʣ¼СʶԺΪĴ
ʱĴҪֱӽԪĺҲƻģϧûа취Ϊ˴֮ʵǺܴ󣬴Ҳ໥ֲŽԪסˣֵܹزѾǼˡ
֮£ĴֻܽԪ˹¯֮Уϣ¯Ԫһı֮
ϧվʧˣѾʧʷеʱ򣬻ԪȻţȻһĨ΢ʶ
ɶ񣡿ɶҪɱǣҪɱǣԪ򣬻ܵҪòռЩѪҲΪֵܹסĵĲˡ
ûеԼĺ⹥ģȻǰЩһʵǺܸߣɺĸǱƬҲûлĿˡ
ҳȥҳȥԪţ˶ĺԭλϲϵزţ޲ͻǿĺǽȫĳӣȻǳΪԼǿϡ
ϧһжλã¯סô꣬ȻûȫҲȥġ
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Ȼʵʵܹİ⻰˵֮Եĸоǿ࣬ƵʶǿӲ
ģԪĺʹİǸոյõľѪ׵رĸɾѪɫâʧӰ٣֮ϵѪҲûˡ
ԪʹͬǴ˼Ѫһ˷ͼӻ𣬴ҾٴμӴ˹ȣȡɵɶĶ
أллˣҪȻҿ϶ɴģţԵϿҵ˵
ڰ֣ڰ²ҲҲڵ壬Ԫȥˣ֪ж޹ķ֮У
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ʹĲҽ֮лصţɽ˾òͷˡ
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ֹͣͣüͷšţȻںȵֹ˵Ĺ

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ҾÿǱɵ˰ɣ˵һ˱ô꣬ϱ߿϶ġ
˵ĵеôҺ󱳵ĺëֱˣ
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Цӭ׼ɣ˵ĵȴѾ
ԪʹԴȻ̧˶ͷ­֮䣬һɫĻڻţͿϺţȻһЦ
Сһ˵ҵҪлл㰡ûĻһ޷ָôʵĸоǲԪͬħһ㣬˶ޱȡ
һǿӻԪɢǿļԿ⡣
⡭ô£ôǿսֵָŻԪ˵һֱڷĹţԪǿ˽⡣
ֱ׵˵սԪԵضսսӦûһ֮ڱĨɱ
ԣս޷£޷־壡
ԪߣȻܶͷ۵ĴڣȻܹǵĹתΪԼãվһһ۾͸¶һɾ˵ķŭ
ᷳƭΪһֱܾٻбƭʱ򣬿ڲͬˣƭˣˣˣǽӶıͬһˣŪˣ
ŭɣ޷ܣ
ϵܣǸô죿򲻴ˣʦЩ˵Ԫʵ̫ǿˣôֵĻֵ뷨С
ûпʦ˫һֱǻԪ˵򣡼ҾͲܹȫȥ
ҪűըҿԲ󣡻ԪΪǿǺǣǺųƲᱻĥǸ̫࣬ٻظʵܹǣţԪٻЩ˽ģüͷ˵Щ
ԪȻҲˣֻޱȵЦźôˣûб˰ɣû˰ɣ
ЦʲôʲôһҿмغһֱӴ˶Էʹ
ԪͬǱȻץס˲ӵĹлôҲֱӶˡ
ԪûжˣҲǿˣôߺȣϵģǸǳѲĶ֡
˵ԪҲˣֻǰؼӿٶЩתΪԼֻҪӵʲô壬ʲô壬ʲô¯һȭ
ʱ˿̣Ҳ뵽˳˼֮С֪ȥˣԪ̫ǿԼܹɵϾô¯ûƾʲô
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ˣô԰أһţ뵽ԼǺԵʲô


418 еϣ
뵽һİ취ϵı
ලߣ
ලߣ
ලߣٶȳ
ʲôҲܣͬһɵӰسɤӺԽԽ󶼽
ලߣʲôԪ˶ͷ­߹⻪ţȻҲǵһ˵ල֡
ϵܣǻû񣬼ලǲİʦҡҡͷļ˵һɵˣΪǵǰһõӰϢð˳
ʦɴ۾˼ؿżලߣ૵˵ôܣôܣ
һнпܣֻҪмᶨпܣһЦĿ䵽˼ලߵϡ
ʱǰĻԪȻˣŭ㣡㣡㾹ȻǸļලߣ˵𿴴ˣ㾹ȻȺϲĺ𣡡
ôˣ㻹ûʲôı䣬˵ʵͦʧġල˵֮һĪ
һﾹȻʶ
ˣû뵽ô࣬ȻһʶҪͼ򵥶˰
ʧ𱻹Ѻô꣬ΪβűȥԪŭȵ֮ǰĹϵӦòһ¼Ĺϵ
ල߳Ĭһ£β˵㶼⸱ģܹ
ԪۿڵĻ治ϵţżල߿ãȻЦӦӦ㵱ңҲ뵽нյ³ɣ
ҪģĴ̫࣬Ѿв棬ֻ㵽ල߼˵˿ԱߵѾɵۡ
Ŀ˸ѣ֪ԼĶˣȻලԪ֮йϵǺܶͺðˡ
ҳȥҲЩϼһﶼɾˣҳȥĻԴǿ󣡡ԪϣΣ֮ǰŭˡ
ල˿ûԥ˵ܣȥ±ضңѾˣȥԣ㻹¯ŰɣǶõĽѡ
˵꣬ල߾תӣĿ⾼ضʵҳҪʲô
Ȼ֮䣬һɳ嶯ǰȥලһơ꣬⻹ǱԪԿǱ֣֮ҪȻʲô
ûв´Ļ¯ڵжһǶʵڶӦþѰɱԪİ취Բԣ˵ԼǺõ˵˳
ල߳ĬˣֱЩܲ˵ʱ򣬲Žſ˵ĺܴҺܳԾ
ⲻҪڵԼף˵ɣôܹɵԪֱ˵ɲලȦӣԪ㹻ʱ䡣
ලߵͷõһȻγһɫϣֱӽǻԪڵߡ
ɱල߸˻Ԫ֮󣬾ȵʵ
ȴЦˣЦ
бİ취ȥҾԲȥһǿˣ¯һƭ֣ʲôʲôõܹСˣõֱ
ȻΪС˶˵Ƿǳġ
ල߳Ĭ˼Ƭ̣ͷ˵ƾǵʵҪĨɱǲܵģ
Ҫǽʲôѵ𣿡ȸһ̲סˣȴĿǵûˣԽԽǿᶪ˭ʲôƢġ
ţȸҡҡͷ˵Ҫż취еġ
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ʲô߰ģ
üͷһλȻˣѹԪѶԸЩ߶ûа취ΪģΪԪǴӹ¯߱ĳģǴʯͷĺһ㣬ֶܹԸ˵ġ
˵Ȼа취ǾͲõˡ
ලһۣƺҪ͸ȴһţô޷
Թ¯ΪǿߵľѪͬʱ룬ϵܹ֮ԪĨɱֻҪݹ¯ô򵥵ġҲ֮˭ܹලߵ˵ֻǰ˵ѣЩһϣ
ù¯ĨɱԪ⻹ȷǹ̵ģȲ˵¯ûмǲݹ¯ķ¾Ͳ򵥰
ıˣ죬㻹˵ɡ˵Ѿȷ¯Ǹƭ֣ô֪˶ǿߡ
ල߼֣ͷ˵Ҫٿع¯ΪҪǿʶԽʶһҪӵдѪ
ǿʶǺ⣬ǹ¯϶ڼΪķҪǿʶҲǼ顣ǴѪʲôһ˵
Ѫÿһ˶߱ģֻǾôķչѾû˻ȥע⵽ЩˡѪĴҪǿһ˵ѪͳǷǷ뷢Դĸǵԭʼ˽ӽԽܹӽѪԽͻԽǿͷҪѰһѪӵ̫ˡල˵˵ž̾ϢһֱѰңϧûкʵˡ
ǽҵһӵдѪǿߣǿߵʶҲһܹﵽ׼ôԪһֱңĴţҽÿһι¯ʱȡѪά
֮ˣѵİ
ʶжôǿͲ˵ˣͿܹƻԪķֱ̽鱾㹻˵ˡ
ǴѪҲôġල˵ˣԽǽӽĸǵѪԽ
Եİþ˵ĸ
ڵĵʲôӣǶôʽ΢վһĸˣ
ѪǷҪĴѪ
ɡ΢΢ԴǻԾĻԪƺѾжڵˡ
ˣİ취ɣЩߣûܹﵽ񴿾Ѫʵ̫Ѱ˰ල߿ģΪѾˣѾʧˣǿ˵ôһ仰

˭룬ȻЦˣЦôģ·ϵڱˡ
Цʲô˵ĺܺЦ𣿡ලߵһΣɭɭ˳
ҡҡͷЦȴǸ˷ˡ
ֱල߿ҪŭʱֹסЦȵ˵Ҫ˵ˣȥҹ¯
ʲô㣡ѵǡ


419 Զ߽ǰ
𾪣
ѻ˵ݶ˻ܴʲôǸ˰
ôôɣල͵̧ͷ⣬ɨһ顣
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£¼ලֱƿڶһ䣺벻㾹ȻǸˣ
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ÿ˵ʶϢǹ̶ģܹһ˵Ϣֻһλᡣ
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ҲһȽսԵ飬֮вһӰҪ黹ûɵģ


420 ǰ
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ˣȻӦˣҾͰһѡ¯ôѾγ־Ը⣬Ҫõǳѡ⣬õ˹¯֮ؾʱʧҪĻͳʱȡһЩŵرɡලʵʵ˵Щס
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421 ŵķ
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ţɫһŤͷݺݵضźȸƵ˵ᣬѵĴ˵𣿡

ȸһغޱȵ˵㡭˵
׾ͺãأѣ˵Բԣţ˵ֻ֮дһɲݿܵ
ȸһ£ҿ̶籪ߺħȻ¶˳ӵ˼Ҳֻܵͷԣţ˵Ķԣ
ţɫźÿһЩתͷͷһЦأǽԪĨɱ˵䰡
˵꣬ţ۽ɨһǿߣ˼ס˲㶯֣ЩѬĵͬɲһĴġ
ͷתʦ˵ʦλԵƬ̣ǼලĵһĨɱԪĨɱԪǿ»ǻ
˵ʵڳ˶ɵȻ֪أһͷٷϻ
΢ʵͦЩһﱻԴֱԼ¯ġȻЩһﻹûм¯ӰӣɽһϢ㹻Ƿˡ
ʶ̫࣬ѪɱΪһģɵĻġ
Ԫɣɫпﴫ
ѾûȤ˷ʱˣǼලߵĴ˽ãĴ簲İ
ԪȻǸовԾŵĻ棬˻
ߣҲûôվǻܾ£һ΢΢һ㿪ʼ
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422 
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ģģΪʲôһƿع¯ΪʲôΪʲôҲԪѾʼ߽⣬һζεĹڵأεĻȼ
Ϊеֻǽҵ˫ְˣûңҲһĨɱпޱȵ˻Ԫսᡣ
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һӣǿ߶ɵˣűĺ
Դһͣæ˵ûˣලתңʱҿԾܵѼһвϣʱһ¯ؾʱҶᱻ߳ȥġ


423 ˮ
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ϵܣ˵𣿡ʦЦ޲ھͳȥѰұ˷һһʱ䡣Ͼ˭ԸϾҪֵʱ򱻹¯ؾ߳ȥˡ
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ʮЦеʵţʲôΪʲôȥѰıɲҪ㲻ȱ
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ΪʲôøţȽͶƢԭɡ
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ţһֱЦţһֱע⵽ǲ֮󣬲Ų˼˵ϵܣƺɣ֪Ϊβȥ¯Ϊ¯һ֮˱ɱһʱʧܹҪǣǸˣ޷õ¯Ͽɵģ
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Цˣϵĺ˺ͻָ֣˵ԼǸˣΪɥʧ֪жˡ
Ҫǣ¯֮лһ˵û뵽Ҽ֤ʵ֣ţһɫͨ죬Ȼʮּ
˵һЦڴ˵ʲôĵûзϣϾⶫĶˣҲ˵˵ˡ
ϵܣ֪ܻ᲻ţ⴫˵ȷǴڵġ¯ĳ뿪֮ǰ˵֮˴¯ĻѣԶѣţ˵¶һĨݵ顣
ţı֣ҲЩҡڲˣýţ˵ѡ
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ͬģҲǿڵķλûʲôĻ˴˶ܹõһЩöġ
ѰһȽƫƧģûȥĵط˸ٵرϮȥ
ٶȼ죬ÿһαڶڵһ΢ĺۼûа취飬Ϊýͷų
Լаʱ֮ͣһСɽ֮ϣɽµһǳǳϪ
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424 
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Ǽ˵Ҫķ棬ɳأ岻ǿĻصվƵİڲͬˣǿѾԶԶԽͬˮƽĸ֡
ʱ䲻ˣǾҰһѰɣһסؿڲſڵͬǱעȼ͵Ļһ㣬ٴ

ԼԼģھȻһһȼյʮֲֿ
ȵײԽˣıʱʱĻ͹һЩָֻƽÿһ͹𶼻дļˮ
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üһԭ߰˼⻹治ԩҲͷЦãڵսϵЦԽԽŨˡ
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·Ѱ˶ԿĿ꣬ڵԽԽӿǶʯı亮ҲԽǿ
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ʣµʦսǶԨ۹֮ˣǳٺЦţ˵ȴƨūš
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˹֣ʦǳʲôӵĿģܹԼôܵҲˡ
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⻰ĴһҪǲˣ»е㼬֡
Ͼǵõ˹¯Ҫ뵽ʡŰ׶¹ϣҶ֪ô£˿ˣͲôˡ
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ƵһЦʾߺħ˼
̶籪ͺȸҲ˼ЩһҲˣˬĴĪ֮
Ȼĸֻǽй֮ͬϣ˿ԸҪĻǻԼ֡
ȸߵ׶ǰԼо˵СǴ㵽һõطҪʲôʲôһҿ֮ա㲻֪Լɣˡ
⻰ûΪĽУ׶ȷʵεСҰ
ۡ׶
Ű׶Ĵޣָеһŵѹ
ôҪ˵첻ʵԵ˺ȴǷণ
ҲҲ׶һӲˣ
Ĵ㿴ңҿ㣬һΡ
ҾҪңҾҪҡ

ţһߣλ˰ɣһλС̰Ƕ¯ֵãǻûǿҪںţһȥ
ȸһ˵װţ磬˱˴ţôǴųһҪԼ˿ˣý
̶籪ߺħҲ¶ɫͷ
⻰ʮпϡ


427 
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ȸɵˡ
С̣ǿҪ׶ѪѰ׶Ҳǣе㲻񻰣ھȻΪѵĸо
˰죬ȸλҾôеٽǰ󾭹ֻҪʱ£ʱ֪ԭίǲġ˵أ
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ȸЦ׶һȥˣ˰ɣ㱳ߺòã
ҲҪ㱳׶쳣ܾ˺ȸ
̶籪ߺħƲƲ죬ȸԼͱȥˡ㲻ǵС̿һǴѹԵĴ͸
ţǾԼһǰ˵СãҪɡһţţǶð
ʲôõģţʲôģ׶Բ˴۾Žţ˵׶ʲôµġ
ĴݺһĭСУţҲţҪ
ڣ˼Ը⣡
磬㱧Һòãòأòء
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ᱧ˰׶Сӣ޹ǣͺһëһû׶¶Ҹ΢ЦСгڻ
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ᱧŰ׶ǰ棬׶ĻУе쳣ܰ밲Сһ飬¶ɡ
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λôеͷĸо
˵ʲôأţҲеⲻΪΪ׶Ҫţӣǿǻ͵õ¯ȥҪǱ֪㷢ɧͲ±ʰ㣿
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Ŷ˾ˡ
ã٣ͷˡˣʲô飬Ը署
˵꣬ȸҲһ̷ɳȥ
ţ˶߿ˣǰ˵ϵܣܲС߰ţĳԱˣǲ˵
ʾ⣬׶׶ôˣҪ߻
׶Žţ۾һɣת磬ʵ߲һġţһҺʵӣʵһӻӣҺֿ磬㣬˭ҲŲ
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ţݺҭһ£Ҳ˵ʲôֻߡÿÿ׶۹⣬ţر
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ΪֻҪгǿѪĳԱǺϡṩоһѪĵ̣ôɾһľǿߣδ෢չսġ
ֻҪǾѪ͵мĳֻҪǷһͷͻػгǿѪġ
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Ҳѹͣһת䣬һۣǰľ´䣬ԭͰɽǱһ˦۴Ⱥ廷ƣһɽ಻Ũܲòɡ
ҪľǣζŨÿƾо֪Ǹʮĵط
ǺǣϵܣǵıԵˡûȺɽм䣬иߴɽֱǾصڣǴеĿĵС
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СϥأţҼҴҪţȥһ𡣡
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ţҼҴĿǰΧв֪Ⱥ춯ҼҴĻʥвʴʮ𼱣ţƼ֡
ţһ뵽˳˼У屦ȸȻλԼͣȴͳķΣİȫϣ屦ȸҪ󣬲֡
ϵܣϸûˡȸѾ˱ʾߺħҲкˣӦûʲô飬Ҿһˡ
ţ㣬ҲСټ
ţӦһ屦ȸСˣʣ¼ĸָһߡ
һΣЩĸ˵ǰЩԱҲûʸߵġ
ЩһһЩ֣պȸµıʾһȥ
һ·ţɵø̾ʥذɣأ˵ҪкȸָԼתͷҲҲڡ
ʵ֪ľǣΪʲôţҪúȸǰ·
ʵϣʹȻĴҪ룬ҲҪһϵе̲ڵʡ
ţǿҵķУʶúȸһؿкͨ
ȻԸоΧвٶֵĿ̽ʶ˼ӣǺܲˬ飬ʥأҲȻˡ
·ԽԽߣɽ֣ҲԽԽܡ
ȸ˼緢Ϊʮܵʾúϸǰ㣬·ûзʲô
һƬ֣ܲǰȻһ
ǰɾƽ̹һ·Ŀ֮Զͻأһ߷εضҲ֪߷жߣֻɽƣصɫʡ
׶ĳ˷ܵһӴСҲųȥò⡣
ǰ·һСϪסȥ·СϪϣһµСţⱾǳʫ黭ĵط
ǣȴüͷ


428 
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ĳԱĬĬһ£ЩȣΪ˾Ȼǽ۷Ϊ磡
Ϊ˵һ򵥡
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ӣںһֵġΪִСɵĸ߸ϣʲôмһ˵飬֤һС
׶ıСǰҪм䴩мһĸߴ棬Ŀǵļһһᣬס˰׶ȥ·
ʲôҪȥΪʲôסҵĵ׶Сһģʵ
ǼһƦƦЦСãǱ߸ʲôǸúɡ
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ˣСӣҲô˵ȸһƦƦӣɫ˵С磬ǲ㣬Щ쳣Ļ֮ҪʥزˣҪ̲˵ȡҪĵõ˹¯óǿֻҪʵǻмӴ
ԺЦЩһ￴ˣ˵ôɵĻǹ˵ġ
⼸棬ΪͬУ̳ˣһȱ֪նһ͡ԼΪԼӲΪΪ޵УǼƾ˫
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ͼһХɽһÿһڵһĽӡһХɽһͿ壬Ըߴޱȡ

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еҪײǽаˣүӣԼʵǸ߿ˣΪͰ׳ԲУֱֳ˼ȵڣҪԼЦǲ֪
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ȸʱѪɫû˭ܱԼ֪ЩëļӲ̶ˡ
Ϊǰ壬ȸ𺳣ǲ󣬾㹻Ҳͣˡ


429 ʢǰ
ʱɽѾ˽ǰСӰԼ嵱˽ͷͳײؿڡ
һ֣ץסСӵĺ죬һСӻһߣڿתһ䣬رˤڵء
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һХɽ˿⻰ʵԣݺһҧԼĺҪˣӲסҪе
ͨһһŰһХɽ߳ɣͷҲ˵ʵţҪֽǵζܶ
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ŶôС˵ҪʵӴʵҪƨƨġȸǰζԼƣȸ궸ȻûһɣűӼٺˡԭȸˣ
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һȭԶûǰȭֵô𺳣һȭգȸ˵һȭǻٵߵ֮·
ȸһӻ˹ȥ
編ƣɽһХɽҲܵĴ
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Ц¶ΪϪߣЩ̰һ£٣¡
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ȫԱûһֱ۵ĸȵɽҲƵĵطŷȻʡ
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ȳģӦСආСආҲǽڵǿߣҸȸһᣬǱޣ
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¶أѵʱˣᰡԼǵõ˹¯ҲԹӭӣѵ֮лδ֪ľǿߣ
ţҲһȻĵϵܣֵˡû뵽ʱ°һλɳˡ


430 а
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ţ磬⻰ʲô˼գգ۾ΪԾʵ
ţһЦ˵ϵܣֻ֪һϵĴڣҲ֪ϸĴĴڡҪֻЩڣôܸŷ̵Ⱥ⣿
԰룬⻰еӴģз̵ȺĶǿ߶ҹǣһʹ壬ǿлǵն񻷾
ţôһ˵һ⣬ʵԺյĶ֣ͦ࣬ϸȺԶ
ǰֽϵĶԱȣɰƽ塣
ʵϣСӶ֪ǲܵġ
ѵ˲ٵĶ֣
ţ˼һµʱ¶µ飬Ҳ֪ôġ
ٺ٣ϵܣĲ²ûҪûԼĵƣͳ˱Ⱥһ۹ʥˡȻʱ°ɳˣ˵ʲôػϯϡ
ػϣͷһ˵
ػߡȻǿᣬеǻǰ֮йײÿ֮ݡˣ嶥ǿߣһ֧רĶ飬֤ܹʱܹһ˿֡
˵ţȻЩɫ
ʮţʱ飬Ҫֻ֪о׵𣬼ֵʹŻʵ̵
ⲻȸЩ棬ƽſޱֻ֪Լǻףǲ֪ЩźһޱȼѪһеġ
ţ磬ΪʲôЩһ£л˵ױȽϺáΪĻܣţԼҲѱĺĻܺг
ϵܹȻţɭȻ¶˾֮мһ˿ӵ飬˼ܰĳ£Ȼ侲ޱȣϸͲȸЩүܹȵˡ
Ŷţ֪ȸ飿
ߣ屦ȸһһ۾Ϳûʲô£гҾ֪è壬˹ȥһʲôˡϵܣӲܣͶҪϵΣգȻһܣֻϵû£ҾûбҪˡ
⣬ţҲʥأɼ
ԣһУ˵ʱ¶㻹Ǻгġ򲻿ΪȸĴ١屦ȸҲҪ㡣
һЦ˵ţ磬Ҫ˽£ֻҪһ仰СҸǡ漰Ⱥϣ˲ңҲˡ˳ңҲ˭ǷǣҲҪһسӡţ˽˸޹أţ¡
ţ̾һ˵ȣϵǸɷ򰡡ãҲ˵ʲôˣ˽˶Թţ
˵䣬һ˫ţһ磬񿥵ߵ˽ǰ
̣üϸĿһͨ˵ҪǷĵϣΪǸ
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һȷһ±ħݵڵķ򣬱ǲĸ˹ȥ
ʦڽصȴԼأԼʱ䲻࣬ǾǶ갡
һ·ϣţʱʱĻһ;羰˵Ŀ
ʱ֮˱ħľݵڣ֮ǰеķʽ׾ٵƿС
ˡ
ħݵ֮һ̶Ȼ
üͷһšŤͷ˿ĵطȻԼǽ֮ϣһвֵĶ
ףȫǰձħķûд󣬿ôǻᱻأʮֲÿǶʶȥ̽һ
ⲻ̽鲻Ҫһ̽飬ͿЦѡ
ԭħݵķʩɲЩ󷨶ѣŽ֮ǻ趨ÿһνҪħ⹦˴У˽ҪһǱħˡ
򣬲жôֶΣվҪⶫֵġ
Сģ߽룡߽룡
ߣ
Ҽϣ

һεʼɶĲǹԹԵصȴ
ܿ죬һӶӵ˹ȫװۣϢпᡣ
ʦ֪˭Щһ￪ںͶ֣ԼݣɲԸЩ׳ն֡
٣Ȼ٣ٻˣʦȺˣһ˼ϳ֮ͺ˰죬Щ˶ɢԼǰߡ
˳һƣд˵٣ʦѾȺʱˡûлЩʦһֱʳѰǹԹԵصȺģ
ŶȻȺңΪҵ߶ûҽһЦ¶һζı顣
˵һ٣æǸ˵٣ԲµĴõ˻ʱ岻Ըˡ
ڰ֣ʾԼͲ⣬˵ˣǰߴ·ɣ
ɴ⣬ڱħ֮зͼĴ󣬿ɱͷĴﰡ
ʱǰǴһˬʵˬʵЦ¶ò£϶ʦˡ
ϵܣҾ֪ܹƽµĻ̫ˣ̫˰ʦ˷ޱȵЦ˵߾һץסƣ޼䡣
ͬЦݣͷʦˣⲻǻ
ʱ򣬼Ӱٵؿһ廢Ǯ롣
һ꺮ůİȻʮֿģϾǶʶֶκʵ֪ﲻܷﶼܹһɾ͵ġ
٣Ի˰ʱǰҸˡǰȻԼǰǮس˹ץסһֻ֣ѵ˵
ǼƣŬڿƵĻᶼҪˡ
һЦͷȴҲûж˵ʲô֪ǮΪʲô˭ڱħݵֲĵط˶Ầ£뿪
ϵܣ߰ɣҸղѾȥ׼ζˣǵúúõúһʦǰߡ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ʦҿǻǿ㿪ʼ°ɡǱӦѾżˣǻǾ£ȥ
ʦһ㶣űǾϲ֣˼ҪѪȺĹΪѪ󷨰
ããȻϵģϸҾûʲô˵ˣʦͷһȥ
ʣһȻǶû뵽鷢
⡭һûŸ˵仰ءϻƲƲͣĿþͷ˱仯
ϻٺһЦϻļ˵ˣǻǻȥɣȵʵʱһ뿪ͺˡ
廢漴ȥԼסĵصȴ֮Բż뿪һΪ˵ȺʦĽҲڵһȥ
ϾʵǿᣬʶԶǿߣǱҪȥǶӺúõһһҪġ
׻˵ĺãԼסĸ֣ҲһԵõǸ׳Ļᡣ
վԭûжһ˫ڵ˸ŵĹâ֪ڿʲô
Ǯ΢ЩżһԱߵĺѾԶ˵廢ôһ£æ廢Ǳ׷ȥɲҺļһﵥһ
治֪Ǯ֪˺Ҳ˵ĻʲôķӦ
ʱ˿̣ʦѾǴң˽֮㽫ŻηʦǼ˺ü󷨣ʲô˽š
ʦ֪һڹ¯ߣǲǵõҪĶһȦûзΣ֮ſ˵
ʦٺһЦ˴ֱۣзϸϸ۾Це˵ϵܣҪ㰡ҪûʱǾԲõİ
ŶʦҵˣҵĵʲôʮֺʵΪֹ֪ʦҪĶʲô
ʦҲҪæģصǻģڰæʱ򲻻ᾡȫ
ӴָͳһµĺƤӣʦСؽ򿪣¶߰ɫúǡ
һۣüͷһ壬ʦӦòǻԪѹǰɣ
ⲻǻԪѹǣѪħعǣʦ¶һĨ˷ܣôζ޷ڵǷݾϲ˷ܡ
ǲˣѪħҲ֪ȽǻԪ˵ͲһεģΪʦûԪѹǣҪѪħľعأ
ʦĲ⣬˴ƣЩ˵ϵܣ֪ѪΪƥǱѪħѪħϣֻ⾫عǲΪϼѵİ
ԭ˵ʦȷǺܺðȱʲôʲôͷ޵ҲеڴѪ󷨵жôǿˡ
ʦҲ˵ֻǺٺٵЦţضڴ
֪ʦѾȺ򲻼ˣ˵ʦȻ׼ˣھͿʼɣ


435 
ããð
ʦһ⻰ֵúϲ£ˡ
˫ӴָͳһѵĲϣϡŹֵʲôС
ۻңҲ˵˫ֱۣصȴš
ʦָĲϰضĹɰڷ룬æǲֺаʱʦŲ˶ͷϵĺˮǰͼ˵ˣ׼Ѿ׼ˣʣµľҪϵ˰
ͷϸشһſ˵ʦõѵǴ˵еаۻ󣿡
ףϵ֪ģ֪ܹ֪󷨵粻ᳬһ֮ʦ㵵ʵǹż֮ϵãո֪ʱ𾪵Ҫ
Ϊһ۾ܹаۻأ
һЦ°ͣ˵˵Ҳɺϣһˣĵ󷨣ĵǲ֪ˡ
ԭˣϵǺ˱Ȼ֮ĳȻڣʦӦһ˵ֻȻ˵ǡ
֪аۻĲҪҪ֪֮Ըõİˡ
ϵܣȻ֪аۻǽͼ򵥶ˣаۻϵҿۣΣʦһ֮󣬲˵ۿǷǳҪĴڣ˵ĻҲЩľġ
ûа취аۻԲ˵۵Ҳûжİգ˵ְյĻʦֵİնûС
ʦҿƿаۻ۰ɣϾ󷨰ôΣǲһ˳˵ûʲôô
Ѫ󷨱һа󷨣ʦƳɹˣͻһЩͷǵù顣ʧˣҲ뵽ͬǻܵͷֻͷҪһ㣬ʦһĴвٵ鷳
˭룬ʦԥذڰ֣˵ϵܣӦ֪ûжİգ˵ҵİһ붼ûУԣ뻹ɣǳǰܣҶˡ
ΣưͳԻпҲ԰
ʦεЭˣͷ˵ðɣȻʦŵùңҾ;ȫһ԰ɣ
ʦͷֻҪܹɹû⡣
ʦһЩ⣬ǽѪ󷨵ϸ̣ԼҪעȫŪˡ
Ѫ󷨵Ƿǳܵ飬յ˵ʦҲ߱˵ģΪܹܵȷѪ󷨵ĳɹҲֻܹгˡ
ϸ˽֮һ۾ʼԼ״̬
Ѫ󷨲С飬ֻܹӽȡѪ󷨳ɹȻƱҪЩֽŵģҪȻаȥ֪Ҫء
һյĹ۾˵ʦܷʲô飬Ҫֹͣаۻ𣿡
ģϵ֪㾡ʩΪˡʦصصͷ浽˿ʼʱ̲סط
˫΢΢һ֮С
ʦ˵ͷվȺʦʼ
а飬ۻΪҽã󷨿ʦɫׯޱȵЩ©³ÿһֶΧĿñһЩ
أʦϵĶԽԽˣΧԼܹ֮һźӰ۶
ЩӰǱۼаԩ꣡
ӰԽԽˣΧγһ޷Ƴıݣ۶
ҲżĵصȺ󷨳׵ȶ
֮Ķˡ
΢΢̧磬һֵӡῪ³һ֣
ˡ
ΧΧаۻ͵һ·Ǿ˱һδһ㡣
ЩӰ·ǱһŴӲ˺ѳƬһƽһƵ˹
ܿ죬ʳָǰΣһڵĹ򽥽ˡ
˫ĿضڵĹ򣬵ȴаʱ֮󣬲ŽĿ΢΢ƿ䵽˵֮ϵһͷ­ϱߡ
ǲҰ֮дЩͷ­Ѫ󷨵ۣ
µµ
ͷ­ƺǸӦĿ⣬΢תһ£ÿնö
Լ·Ǳһͷħסһ㣬ĺ⽥ɢ
ɢٴοڣָһǻԲڵĹ˲ɢһļХسͷ­
۵³һĿضͷ­ͣҲеŵġ
ѪƵĵһιۡ
ֻнιˣںĲ֮вܹƿۣ۱ˡ
еĹ⻪ȫʧͷ­֮Уͷ֪һǰȫˡ
Ŀ⿴Խڵͷ­նЦһѾܹоͷ­ߴѪζˣܹһǿҵķ޲ͽɱ⣬Ѫ
ŸոտʼҪɣ㻹ǲȰһ˫һ˿ᣬ˫תһӡǿ־׷׹ͷ­֮С
žž
ǹͷ­죬һȻʮַŭϧεķŭվֲǿƣûþͰ
Ҳԣмغһ˫ٴνӡȵѪ󷨣ԲɣѪطڣǹλ

ΧڵϵһѪط׷׷ЩۼĺӰҲæ·š
ۿЩɫ飬·ɱȨߣûκζΥԸ
ʵѾԥˣ֪ԼǸѪ˳ɣǳʱʩչһֶΣѪʧˡ
ͷ­תͬǹɵĳ˵İһûһ˿һط
ȴ֪ͷ­ֻǱԼסˣһл϶Ҫ±ġ
ͷ­תٶԽԽˣγһѪɫĿնƴΧеѪҺͻǡ
ʦ׼Ѫغͻǵ࣬ͷ­֮£ܿͼ˵ס
˫͵һɣѪغͻȫʧ˲䣬ͻȻǰһߣҽص̤أͺһ𣡡
ͬһʱ䣬Ƿתͷ­˵һͣͷ­һӽضƺҪģס
һһ˿мҪʵ̫СˣܹԹԵ˳ӣҿһЩ尾Ļȴֻʹ
ˣ
ͷ­·ĻòӦ
΢صͷ֣ץסͷ­
ɾͷ­˲䣬ԭڵﾹȻðųĻ
˫һɣŭغ󵨣Ȼҵǰ鷳ҿĲˣ


436 
֮⣬һֱŬάŵʦһŭ˼һ¡
ţаۻǸŲһ£ΧĺɫӰ˲ɢ١
ѽʦѽһУ֪Լ˴󣬸æȥ󷨡
ʦ뵽һ˲ķ֮ڵ뵽ĪΣ֮С
ͷ­еĳԽˣʦʧ֮ͷ­㿪ʼнĶ
·ڽһٻʽͷ­ĶΧЩɢģʧ˵ĻƬȻһԶȫ뵽ͷ­֮С
ʦסһֻȰסʦһһѣǵùľˡ
Ϊ֮ˣһͬʱǲҲˡ
ãʦɫͨ죬Ѿܵͷ­ϴ󲨶ǿϢ嶼ЩԲˡ
ʦûа취ֻܹҧ֣
ֲסڳž޴ѹ뵽֮УҪѵĺܡ
أٱȶŤͷһʦһѪ󷨣Ӵ󷨵Ŀ
һŽĿ͵ͷ­֮ϣð˳Ĩɱʶ벻㾴ƲԳԷƣǾͲҪҲˣ
ҲʲôǶԽԽͷ­һ٣ǶƵʾͽ
ǿʶ֮£ǧϹøҹԹԵſ˵֮ɭȻɱ˿Ρ
ûа취ˣκ˼ҸͲ鰡ûа취ֻֽĨɱˡ
ǿʶʼӵ룬ֱͷ­߶ȥ
۵ͷ­Ƶٴνˡ
΢΢һͷ­ôھǿʶǰվûʵս͵Ŀռ䡣
㣬ʧɣһոոоһɵʶӴ˼ȻŹһѾ֪Լˣˡ
ϧʲôŮЩȰ˵񼫵ĴڣͲһ˿һ档
ȥɣͺһͬŭʨߣȴ顣
һըͷ­֮д̽һǶ񶾵ʶѾ׵ɢˡ
ͷ­ڰһƥʮ˳ӡ
ֽͷ­ϸذš
ͷ­֮һĨ׽ϢʶһƣʱԾѣüһʦǴҵͷ­߾Ȼݻʶ
ͷ­֮лһʶǶ񶾵ʶ֮ʣıȽϺƵʶѾϢʩչЧ
벻֣ҲǲˡһЦܳԤϡ
ʶϢ֮󣬾ͱȫϵĿܣǾȲб֮ĵģ˵ԱԥȥִС
֮е⣬ϹһĨΣѾչĵزֻܹӲͷƤȥˡ
ѪѾһ룬ѵĲҲǹˣ֪ѪѾԭϵѪˡ
ʧȥǶ񶾵ʶ֮Ѫ󷨵Ĺ½Լ֮һҲ˷ֻаĴ֮ʱŻᱬȫ
ҲãҲһ£
ţⲢûдͷ˼ɣȻңѵΪɱаʶ𣿡ЩЦˣײػ飬ζ벻ġ
Ѫɫɣɫȥ˵ͷ­һ߸ߵ
ˡ
뿪ֵ˲䣬ͷ­ٴηתΧѪҺ
ܿ죬аۻϵɫһ͸ɫ
˫ֲͣʦ֮ǰԼķٵʩչţȡѪ󷨵۾γɡ
ͷ­תٶȺ㶨䣬ΧŵһУɫԲ
ϵܹȻѵ鶼ܹʦͷ­ģ֪ɹˣûгɹҲûʧܡ
ͷҲص˵ʦ㻹ǲҪ˵̫ˣѪ󷨵۳һЩ⣬һԼ֪ˡ
ʦĿһƺͣ߰˸ʱ䣬ۿɫͨ죬ſ˵ҪҪôɹ˾УĻҵɣ
ͷʦ̬ǺģԷûһЩСǰԹԼ
Ѫ죬ҰѪ󷨣۳ɣ̤żĲӣ˫ֲϵزŽָӡϵش뵽ͷ­֮С
ÿһӡͷ­֮ϱһݹ󣬵һʱͷ­Ѿý񣬹⻪䣡
⡭⻹Ѫ𣿡ʦ˼ؿڰƯŵͷ­㵵ص
⻰ҲҲ֪⵽ǲѪ󷨣˵ѾΪһѪ󷨵ıˡ
ʦ˵ǡҲ֪ͣеĶͷ­ڿɻ
ʣµͼˣͷ­Զֹͣʱ򣬾Ѫ󷨳ɹʱ
ʦ󷨣˳ʦɫӵ˵ʦҡ
ϵܣʲô˵Ѫ󷨣ɹˣ󷨵ٵģҵֱдģʦüͷֱӴĻܹ֮ܵϴĲȻ֮Ѫ󷨵ЩͬǹǿϢûиıġ
ʼٶ˵ʲôˣ˼˶ûαҿء
˾صȴţʱ֮ͷ­ֹͣתƮ䵽С
ͷ­һ֮û⣬ͷ佻ʦ˵ʦҲ˰ɣ㿴ɡ
ʦСؽ˹˫žǸոյ˵ȫעԼĺӡ
ʦʶ뵽ͷ­֮Уȥһ΢谭֮õ˶ͷ­ȫƿȨ
ϵܣлл˰ʦϵϲòΣ¶ڵĻ˵
һЦ˰ֵʦö˵㻹ⶫɡϣʧźá
ѾɹˣҪ˵ʦżȥһ£򲻿ܵġ
ʦԱͷ­дʣһǿϢɢ
ʶغһܿ󷨲ķΧԼܵǣˡ
ͷ­ʦĲ֮ɢɫ⻪ɫĹâû˿аζ
Ѫ󷨣𣡡
ģʦһͷ­ǺȻʧһѾʦͷʦеɫð˳뵽ͷ­кȻͷ­±˳ɫ
ɫһڲ֪ԼϵˣʦûаѪ󷨵ƷʽԼ
Ҳ£ҽͷ­ʦȻԼĴġ
ΪʦʩչȥʱʦȴǺȻ֣¶ЦݵϵܣʵǸл㰡㣬Ҹ޷õǿѪ󷨣
һЦ¶ĵıȻʦͺãҶҲҲ˰
ãðߣǺȾȥʦ˷ܵغţͷ­ȥ
ϵЦɣȴǵ뵽һ
ʦû˵ʵҲԼȫ˽Ѫ󷨵ԼƭˣҲͻˣҪĶ˼ҿ϶ҪԼŵİ
ͼˣһף֮ʦһЩصƷǸлİȴҲûһѪ󷨵
ھݵִһ֮ں廢Ĵߴ֮£ʦ̤˻ع;


437 Ϊʦ
ͼﴦ
˶ķУ廢Ǯ롢˰ĵȴš
ģϻӻͳһͨѶһ֮ǹϣ˵ЩˣҪ˻ȥͨ
ϻһ⻰Ȼ״ϻ˼ͷ˵磬Ȼ˾һɣ
ãȥɣ·עⰲȫ
ģȥˣ
ϻ˵ǳ˷һ˷ȥ
ϻ̫˽ϻͶӵˣö֪һͨѶʲôԣΪöӸȫжϣֻܾͼǸȥ
ɫޱȣϻֻӷǷ۵糸һٶȻ̫ƴ߶š
һ֮ϻڵͼǵĳš
źԶϻɤӸ߽еӣϻʹˡ
سǽʿҲ⣬ϻĻϽͼǶӵ޵档
ϢҲû˻ʼе֣ȥҪ˧ӭϻ
һдӼʲôʼҵųͳͳԺȡ֮ľǾʱսĿٳ
ϻɳ۵ͼǳţһڽʿѾгŴӭӢһӭϻ
ϻ߷ž룬ȻԾ£һ·Сܣ˽ǰ
μӣ²ʹ񡣡
Цݣǰвϻ
ˣһ·¶ޣ˲ٿࡣõˣ
ǵģ¡
ǾͺãǾͺáǶй֮ˣӶ͡Ϣ󷽵ú޲ӡ
ϻ£ܹóԸʵǶǸҶˡ飬ҶӹΰҪûˣδС
Ŷ΢΢һΪϵУȻ֪ʦڡ
Ҫ֪ʦڶĿУܵĴڣ֮ԴӦȥΪʦڣϾһʧ
ǣĹ;ȻǸûзе
˵û첻ɣʱöӸоеѲ⡣
ǧ׵һ˲ţ£ֲ廢á
֪Ҷľô
£أǿ°ʦͨʦһƳ籸ȫֵ֮һܣûжԺȨֲмһ˵顣»Լãʦʮ־ηҶ
ЩȣܹʦԴǿɲһ
Ǿ۲죬Ҷ˼緢©κϸڡ
޶ۣ޷֡
ӵͷһ˵ϻȥЪϢɡ⡭
Ӷһ˵úòһҶıʲôֻҪй˵ģҶҪ֪
ǣӦһȥˡ
жǰһӭ

˳ɽ룬ٿหۣСȻɽҰµķģ̾
ģǰһСӿĶ飬۶
裬ý䱸
˭֪úԶһСӾӾͣɨһǰһʩ𣿡
΢΢һ£ʡ
û˵꣬ʿϥأ˶ӵױӵСһӭ١Ѿͼһٴܡ
Щˣӣôôųһӭӣֵĳ
ܿع˾ʿҪ˵ʿȴһ֣ͬʿϴһķ棬Ȼңһ˸ͼǡ
оǺã˵ĵؽҲ𾴵Ĵɲô˵ųϸ΢Ƚǲ˺ܶࡣ
𾴣ϾҰһ㣬𾴣ܹĵӿ߸ϵĸо
ܿ죬ѹѹһƬȺǰ
һޱ޼ʣʮǵء
ƣôҲ˵Ķ顣ͼܹŶˣѵһȫˣ
Ҳûмˣ룬ʮڲΰǳɣ𣬻ޱ𺳡
ӭȺûôֺơϽһ£ֺܹġ
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ŻʼεĶӣʮֹվţϴЦݣһμʱȫһ
ʱɲҴˣ첽˹ԺҪദģȻҪ˶ӡ
Ӻεһƣ֪첽ԼҪ£
ͬǿ첽ǰж˵٣þò˰벻ӿۣȻûϳ
֪ûõĿ׻ǶԶԷȻĺøС
Ҷͨһʵǳ̧ܲ˵ţҪʩ
ӸϽס֣꺮ůǳͺǼʧɢüʮֵһ㡣
ЦеӦţȴǶԶ˸˽⣬һǸ۰
һӭӽͼǣһ˵һ߰ڴϢһˣȫ׵
Ǹµˮ¶˼άܣ¼ϽˣӸӡ
ٽʱ򣬶ɳĽѴĹеһˣԼһЩţȫ˶ӡ
ЩһʾȥԼҲ⡣
ʢϣֻǾףһϵãû˵ġ
ȵɢ˵
֪ҪҪ˵˼ǻӵܣԼʲôҪ飿
ңңʾԼ£Ц£ʮϲ֪ܲһ֮
һ֪ˡ
һЦ˵ɵ̧ҶܳҶһҰ׹ˣҲûʲô£ܲõµĹա
΢΢һЦ˲ţҪ׾۽ڣӻҪһǷԼء
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ȻĶˣͺ˵ˡ˲ţǿҲ̫ߴ٣ļԲȶ
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һЦҪ˵ʱȴһҵĽŲ


438 Ⱥе
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ȴͻȻ˹һǷ˴顣
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԰緹ϻǧָ̽ʾķɱ˳ȥ
жʮסڽʿԭش
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ĸۣϻ
ϻɵôˣˣ˵ôҲǾþսˡոֳ侲ǣʮ̵Ͻ죬δҲЩ̫˰ɡ
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439 ɧ
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ϻʱԱһױѵˣʦʱǸˣзӪֻңɴ
԰ϻγѣһӣȥнʿȫ߳


440 ս
ȵϻǧɱзʱȴֵ˵Ŵҡ
ҹǰӪҪȫӵĻġ
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˼ͷ°ݣȴδ˼ǣʵȻԵģִٳɻСʤȴ޷һʤϲߡ
˵꣬ɨڽһۡ
δ߷߲ƽѾѻ˵ϣôֻҲûõġ
ڽͷˡ
ȥͼţǿҪʦϻ칦ᡣ
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Ȼȡ˿źʤͼǾʿһսɼسǣҲҪһٸСģһһƣ̽ľ档


441 Σ
سŵĽѡϣǣϳǣǶû⣬ǵسǽѡϣִ
̫ƽʱڸԵķһķʵо¹ƣһĹԭķ񳤹ٸԼķ
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442 ת
Ц˫ڽսҹӵʿءʱͶ뵽սУϵзʿδʱǾǧˣδܹǡ
ϻоϣǼߣԹġ侲жϣͶء
أԽԽˣѾȫռˡ˼άƿ϶ɳӣͼǵչţͻ᲻ơ
ʦٲ֣ȵȹ̷أˣɶ᲻ǰϻеɰһ㲻֪ʱôġ
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ϻҭ˵ĿҲôţֻΧһȦȦתơ
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443 Ϯ
ȻȻǣǧļޱǿƴϣֻ
Щ𣬾ǴʯͷϣʯͷϵĶʯͷӦǴһ
еˣûһĴ壬·ûƸ
ޣһȻǰӪϢ˵ͼиޣǹ룬Ѫһı֣Ǹô
һõ˵ϿɣҪӣȴǸһ˼顣
Բ۾һһŰѳǽ˰棬һмǧǽ壬һһ˫־
ܣˣ޳ˣô̬ļһֻܿܡ
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444 ı
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445 ɱ
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ǮִζŨĲˮˮմȾ͵ǿңεĶأߣ˭Ȼôģ
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˭룬Ůһ˵ܣɵ㶵شţǾʧ롣
üͷһš֪ҲǱвȣҪɱҵĲ㣬ˣֻҪ˭Ҫɱңұһ·ұͼ˵ƽ
⻰һŮɫ滨˫ۿ˵𣿡
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ץҵĵܵܣŮһ߳һ˵ţֻǻû˵꣬ɫ͵һ졣
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뵽¶ƶЦݣвӣԮ˼ұ


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ţ˼ұȥ·ϣ϶ͻµİ̽һУᱻԭԭԷ֪
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ѵһεļ꣬ȻѶϻĶ÷飡


452 ˺
˵ʲôǣϻھ޴ĳǰȻһбɳȥײй޴ǽϡ
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453 
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ڽڽһҲ۾еϡ
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˵λ֣°֮࣬ҹЭһ죬ɷ
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ⷬ˵ԴǣׯУȻַİ
˵˲һӣܿݹһ·һܹ͸ġ
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ЩʿѾͶأô᲻ɽϹʯ꣬ƴҲҪʦŹء
ûľ֮ϳ壬Ϊһʮ׳ʵľդؾΪ˶סĳȱڶɼĺϱֵ֮ľƶɵġ
ʯԽԽٶʩչ˼ޣµ˴ľդǰ棬һ֣סľդһһ𣡡
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׾ʦϳ˼鲻ҵ˶Ըʯİ취
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ʯһ·ɽµļ£ٶȼΪˣײɽ壬˺ëҲƺһ㣬˭ܸеɽ嶼ڲÿһ˵Ķڶ


458 
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½һأʦ̫СˣΪʦң˭֪ʦȻûǧ֣¶ˡǸˣûģԸʦɽ𺣣ü
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ҲոȾˣֻеǷһˡǧ׳ʿ׷棬Ҳӿһɼ顣
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˵꣬ǧ׳ʿҡڻص˾ӪС
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죬ֵɷˡ
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ʦһǴǧֵܣڶӣ˺ԷһӣǲҪսֱϳ塣
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ͷҲҪŶԷǽԷûҪģǵĵ֣ϣһҪ
ʦв˵ģΪʦ޺
죬𶯲ģǽģҪٸҰֹߣҾͲǰˡ
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һ£֣˵ãôˡ½轫ʹǧ˴ͷȫǣסеĵҩֳһڹߵʱãһǹʱãýʡҩֻкƽȱڣϳ壬ô
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ʱ֣ԳԹ緹Աװ½ǰ󹥻ָ
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459 
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½ǧͻӣǽһ
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Уеһסͻӵĵ·ϽԱó˼ҹȥˣԼܡ
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˽һԶ̵ͲˡҪԼһ±ȻģͲõ˴ˣԼͻˡ
еķȫڿкǵɢɢˣģҲϧѪµ˵ͷӡ
˵ĵڶݶѾˣ嵽ˣеķͷӣһס˵ĵڶݶӰ
̵ģҪеķҪȫͻӣǰͻȫˣڶݶӳҲס
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Ҳˣû뵽˵ͻӾȻȹ̹ƵսߣֱӾ͸ơԶ̵ӲãյͻӵٶȣֻӰһ㣬ֻ̱ܶˡ
޴ķգͻӵУһʿӷ̽ͷǣܣǵû֣˵ľ룡̵ģûô˳ȥһû
ЧߵʿϽбɽܣ͸ͻ˾롣
½һ֪˵ͼֵǣӰѾֻҪǰͽ뵽ˣ죡
ʱ򣬾þսͻԱ˵Ҳ֪ȻʱѾƣ͵ļޣҧأƴǰ塣
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ȻûǵıըڵͬجһĴڡ
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һɫɷףˣˡΪڵͻͻƵڶߵʱѾӴڵΪ˰ڵȫùˣʣһ㣬Ҳûж٣û뵽ôڵ
ѾܵˣʱеŵĲ»ңôһңϵ˵ĳϾͻܣ
˺һҲǰ廹һǣ尡
ǵѡ񣬱˱Ƶ޿˵ĵزʱƴһѵѡðڻ𣬲ͬ۵Ĳȱȫʬ壬嶥ؾ嵽ͻӵǰ
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ЩֻмĲƷʤܲ͸磬ֻҪлޣͱܿ
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ԲȦС£ĲһǧˣҲ˼٣٣١
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460 ΢
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ۿټӰܰͻȫ𣬻һת
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һʿǱһ׷׵£ҽޱȵľֺ;ؾؼųܼ͵ķӣʱ㶼ûط㡣
ǿҵЩʿͳͳɥʧǣҲΧʲôֻ֪㣬Ҫһ·
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ǰһڣȥˡ
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ʱһӰһ֣ųЦݣؾǰ
˫Ŀ࣬еɱǻлᣡ
ʱʿѾѹһ
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ΧʿЩɶɫһٴγ
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˰½һ̧ȥչˣ½ͻԱú
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һͻһ£е˵ĸоʮΣʱǲǰ沿ӻϵġ
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Ժ󣬶ӴŴ롣
ӿֱǿʧɢܾõһס־Ͳˡʲôʦˣ۾ҲˣһûϢƣôսҪʿ䣬Ϊʦˡ
˵˵ţĦӣеε˼
Ļһ˵꣬ͿʼĽǮƷݣֻ֮ҪǸӦþ߱ģһû¡
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·ʢ磬ΪȷӪ칦
ѾоˣΪ룬Զ˳һСĻڣǶӸˣ֮ҲӦһδĴ㣬ζӶԴֲֻᣬһζȰơ
⣬ɻ
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ɷòܹѾʦʱܹʱܺãûз㣬Ϊصķ̫ˣȫսպգ㣬˵лˡҪ֪ĺãһסġ
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˵ʲôһɫβ׶Է˼ɷʦǹ֮飬˵ɰ
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ĬϢĳĬ
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˺ܳʱ䣬Ӱֵ֪ˡɷȥϢɡ
ڶ죬ټڽ»顣
أûҵǵ˾
ʦֻ˳ǵĹУ湦ȷӪĽʿĿսƣҪȷӪҪ½еΪþʦúϢӾԴӣ䵱ȷĽɫʦΪͳ˧о
һеĽ춼ɵˡ
չֻҪȷӪһ·࿭裬ǽƴˣֻҪˣû˵󻻽ģǱҴɰ
ǳˡ
ԭԼ̫ڽʿǵĿվ˶ӵĲ¼ɰ
⣬ͳ˧ͷڽʿвʱв¼ɵ˼̫ᣬԴ⣿ʱ򣬻õ˵ʱһȵ꣬жĥɱ¿٣սδ꣬ɣɰ
֤һԼҲսΪԼӷְɡ
ô˵ףԼͶ֮䣬Ѿ΢϶
ͨЩҲͲȥʲôлӵĺ񰮣ֻһҪΪ£ʵơ
ȻҲнɣϾ󻻽ʦһ·߸ͽʦûϵľ޴󲻱㣬ȷ٣²ס
˵Ľ쿴ѹƵķŭʱ򣬱ֻʿĭҲ˵ˡ


461 
ȷʵƣɷĻö¼ɣھ»ϣϸ۲˽ǵı顣
˵ȷӪҪʱ򣬾Ľ춼𾪵ı顣Ϊʦ˵Ľ췢ʱȻû˵ó֧λġ
ߣѵ˾ʦûܵȷˣ
ӷ߷߲ƽʦܹãԼҲһܹáҪǲɼĺɷ˵һʿԺֻϵþʦʶԼˡ
Ȼ飬ҲڳĬУӡȷ棬һˣ׼ӥɡ
ӥɣͼ˳֮һɽһذӥɣһƬ̹;ֱܹӿ˳ǱߵĴա
ȻҪ֤Լӥ֮ǰҵѯһĿ
ӥɣոչʱ򣬾ɳ̽ˡ
ذվվΧĵ·ȴǺܹܿʵִģչܹһģĹмй
ӥɵĹؼ֮ǻ˳Ǳڴ޽Ľ¼Ϊر
ӥΪһᴩͨ˳һɽ룬ʮֹ죬ﵽʮϵٲȫɽ֮䣬˵Ǵǵ˶Ҳ޷ֱӴȥ
Ψһһ߶ûж£ˮƽܹĵطӥɡ
һ걻ˮγɵһ޴ˮ̶һĴڡˮϣһ̶ˮһ
ʵϣȴǰӿޱȡ
ϵǵϵҰޣĴֻֻҪΪˮƽˮ̲֪٣ʬ嶼޷
ԣΨһͨ·ĵط޽һɿڣɿڵʱֻͨȥ
ӥɵĶ棬ҹ޽˴ССķ£Զ̵̣ʽĽеãֻҪпĿ֣ӥɶ棬Կһɵľ롣
Щܸ˶ӣҲЩǸѹĵطǿĻĶԷľеأһˣôҲһ롣
ģǳܲġ
ʦߣһʵ
£Ҫӥɣıɣ˵óԼĲͼָ˵Ҫӥɵĵ·ͨ˳Ψһһ·ӥǰʮΪƵԭ޵ĵ·ʮֿʺڲչͬʱҲһЩ㡣
ţ˵ߵĵƣԱȶԷǱԵһ㡣ԷƣӥɶڶԶ̹¡Щ£쳣޷ѱЧ͹ȥҵ뷨ǣǵķЩ´ݻٴ󲿣Ȼǿɡ
뷨Щͷۡ
취Ǻð취ϵģʵ̫ˡ
ͼǣЩĻڿɳܵķΧڣϾԶͼǣⲢһٶʤսֻǻ˳Χһݵ㣬ǰķӮˣ鷳ʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ˳ǿһޱȵĹսʴĻɱ
ȡʤֻѡһӥɵȴʵһоһߴߴͼǼӿ͡
ץĵط
ȴʣȻһʧʮһĻģǾһ֣ٶ㣬ģҪʮ죬͵˵û˳ǣӾҪĥòܡ
Ҫȡڶַһоһߴߴ٣ǾΣˡ
ûǿеĸʮҲûצϻһ˳رʮӵıǮҪȥ
ӳһȴû¶ġ
оӲģԼĸռ˾ĸ߲λãʲôͼҲóѵġ˧²һǰӪӥɡ
һ·϶ʮ־ᣬսֱӵģҲЧġǾ仰˫еĵƶϣƴľӲʵ
㹻ĴݻٹµԶ̸߿վеܹռתʤơʵֻܽʧܵĽԼ
㲻ҲǾս˼޹֮󣬾Կһֳ
װͨգӴżױҡ߽ӥɡ
ûսڣӥһұ٣Ŀĵط
룬һǼնĵطһӰ񾭱úܽ
ӥȴûⷽѹƣӽӥɵʱǰ·Ȼһͷ·Ǵѹֵ˴ɽУͻȻһƬ̹;飬Ȼʣ
ɽ䣬ߴɭľɢһɱ֮⣬ºСݱ鲼Χг׵⾳
ԶӥɵҪ֣һɵľ޴ˮ̶
ˮտ̣ͺһԹǧﰧ̾ԼԹһ
̶ˮı̧ܿͷȥ˳ؾ޽Ľ¿Ծ۵סȻģ֪жء
ɾЩĹ£˾̾ˣӴ໥֮以磬໥Уȴ⬻˾޷֡
Ϊˮ㹻ڶӵЩߴĽԵʮС
۲һȦصӪկԺһֱİ취취ЧģȴöӾµġ
˰죬ӰڽĽ齲ңͬʱ˵µľеѣûа취Сһ¾еʵġ
ܹѡǰӪĽ죬ɶսĽ졣ĻѾǰеʵֽˣΨһĿƱİ취
֮԰ôҷһ֪ΪеʵöӲˡ
ɼٹ˭ĸұ֤ܹӥɰ
һʱ䣬ڽ˼ĳĬ
£ʦͳĴ򷨣ҲĿǰΨһĴ򷨡и飬ĶǾǼһĻӥɵطǰһ﷽ԲĹ¾ݵݻ٣ȻǿɣռԷǰؾݵó沿ӣչսһ㿪ҲܴﵽĿˡ
һӵϵĽȻͬķʱ֣ΪϵôҲҪǽ
һ£Ҳֻ취ܹһЩˡ̧ͷĽ죬ЩҲľȻͷ
ɲھʦ£ھʦ£˵˵Ҳû¡˵һ仰ͻ൱鷳СЬ˵λȻͬеһЩ
ˣǲҪɨӵ˰ɡ
Ȼö˷Ӿ;岼ˡ
ȣ޴ķЯڣڶӥط̲ͷԲһķΧʵʩԴ
ţһ˵ķǧ͵԰
˶԰ǧӣڷڻ£µ˵¡


462 
һǰӪԱڻеͳͳúˣǧͷҲװ׼
жǰһɲǣЩԥˣ⵹ǶӾüƻʲô⡣
ԥΪڽɫЩǺͲΪȻɫ
ⶼγĶԱȣ
ʱЩ۾ﶼƶᶨĹâΪ˧㹻ģִʲôЩֵõġ
ڣӿ顣
ӿ֮ͨµѡһЩ飬Ԥе鱻ʲô
Щ飬ǶԽҪսŲԤ֪ĵǣΣյġ
£вѾս׼ɡ
ϣѾòˡǽǶȨһ
жӲܱ¶κε룬ԼҪֳһʤӣӶйӣǸͲôˡ
޴ķŷգӥɹȻ㣬ڷǰֵһˡ
һĹͷɹˮ棬ڽӽԷ̲ͷصʱָӹٵһ£мصڣŭ
һɫĻߣӾ޴ķкڵ˵̲ͷϣ˾ҵıը˵̲ͷط£һƬɰʯһˡ
ŨΪըĴӥɷ⣬գ۾ͳ˼
ͬʱǧǲӿʼ׼뵽з̲ͷء
ӿƺƴĹ΢˵һʯͷһĸоǣߵĽȴüͷǵʲôһ
ô£ѵʲôôʵ
ǽ£ôǵķѾôʱˣ˾Ȼһ㷴ӦҲûСǱķûκεķӦĵзҲûзӦɲѰ
һ񾭾ͱͷԺһ֡
սΪ˵һթʱҪˣǰĹͳһЦѾôƣû˵ӰͲݲݳأͷβȲϡ
ǣһߵڣðżķհ
ԼܹʹʮˣѾʧǧˣҪʧĻӥɣ˳ǣҲûװ
ڶԥʱǲѾ˷ЯڵķѾ̲ͷһ﷽Բķ£ǲӵķɣ˶԰
ͣȫҳأ
ӵͣҲ罻ӡһ˲䣬ˣɽڣûա
ǶôƤ͹ȥˡ
һʵĲŪûˣɾͲǶˣڶԼĻɣӰɾԶˡ
սϵƣǶһ仰˵ͣͣģԤսƻװйеķѾ˵ķͦΪǲṩ֧Ԯ
ǲҲԼҷ򿪵̲ͷϴӷˡ
һӶʿϵΣɸԵĽ죬ִ־е˵˹
Ȼٵľڵзžӵĳ˷·Ǵӵðһɿ챼Լλá
һαװ£ڶڿ¶ĿߴķеĲԱܿɭֲڿڡ
ãθ߸߶ȣ
ʶΣգеָԱ˹
ǿĲ£Żλưθߡ
ʱ˵ˣǿɲͨڣǷԲʮＸӳһƬ𺣵Ⱥ忪׳۾
˵ڸͲ׼ֻҪԤķλڵˡΪӴȺڿγһ޷ԽĻеķ޴Σ
䡭
Яڵķ˲䱻üڵУ˾ҵıըķһ޴ĻӶûʣ¡
ǲӿ֪ⷬͷˡҲڴʱЪ˹ﳷ˵ˡ
ǲӵĽǲӵʿµϷصԼǱȥ
ڵںʱ򣬵˵ķҲѸգϷⲿǲӡ
ǲӬѪһ˹
Σڶӣҷǲӽ֪νķһ
ûȽ´һָһкУ屻ǿı˷飬ͺ˻һѪ
ǲӵķϿԼ˽صԼ档
˭֪Щʿķͱ˵ķˡ
ոװʿطɣȴĵ˷ϣһڻ͹ʿķʱ˴ըһŻ⣬ӥɵ̶ˮУգ۾Ͳˡ
ʿķûãڵӵеķ֮£ҷҴܣվӲһקųŨβͣײ汬ըһͷӥɵ̶ˮ
ûϷĵǲӣѾ˵ķıѹƵø̧ͷܼļ̺ʽһЩû屣ʿҲδ⣬屻ǿļķѡ
ڶӵܹ΢ķһ£ǣɵڶʿһöڵͱ˴ɸӣڶӳ˻һս
˵ķһﳤȥʱ˵ĵ沿ڷĳһˡ
ͼߵǲӣʱ򾪻δʲôҲûˣıҲھŵĶУʧ
ӥؾ첻ĹΣһǲӱƽ
û˾û漣ǲӵĽѾˣǲȺףʿ䣬еѾ޴ˡ
ʱӥؾ˼ų棡
һӶεʿ룬ﳤìֱָǰźų˹
Ѿսˣȫһߵɱ¾
ǲӵʿһܡ
ǰɱһӥؾһ޼ʵӥ̶ˮû֮һȥĵ·
ٵսʿˮƽ羵ӥ̶ˮЩսʿǴ˼ˮͱ̶ˮĻҰߣ˻ûм
ǧǲӣȫû
ƺˣɨǲӣװеϷɹӥɣֱ˰߶ӵʣಿӡ
ڣ꣬һ޼϶գۼ䣬ɳʯ졣ΪһЩװ˷ȥ˵ķ£ԶʣµԶ̹еװز㣬ҲͶԵ˵ķЩ޲ߵĸо
ң־壬ÿ˵ͷµǣӣб˼
ӿǰһУپһ㣬ɪɪ
⵹ǶӺµ˵Ĺս飬ϺڣǲӵϾȵƼۼӵһ𣬵¶
ͻȻ䣬ӸоǰһڣһԵڵء


463 
죡죡ϱӵ£죬ϰʦ
ߵĽһӼˣֱ֯ӣٷæһͿ
ߵ̲ͷزһǱ߶ͼǵľ˵ǾأΪû·û·ûйĽ˿ռ䡣
ŹĿռȴ˽ֹסһЩܹܵΪ
ڽŬ֮£ʣͼʿγнƵжȻԵ˵ķûܹǿĻѾˡ
ȳС·ϣïֵڻ˵ķûôвˡ
ǳ֮ңȷӪǧ࣬ȫʧʮͣ˽Ų
ӵսɵôһϽƹоȨת˶һϵԼǧˣҹ·ȥӦӡ
ʧص˼׼ǰ沿ӵĲ𾪡
һȺ־ľ񲿶ӣڿȥȴЩں֮ڵĸоϹ޵ľװΣѾãеǱˣеǵƣеǵ˵ĹˣˮѪۣ˵ණϡ
̵ľǣ󲿷սʿУտҲһ£ʿûǸϰʲô
ӻڻ˯Уû˼
һʱ䣬һµûš
ź˶ӣټȷӪڽѯ
ڽ˵ӵĽõʱɫһӺˣԼĵ뵽صУǾʤûлԵĹϣЩֵ˺˼̵ķ£Ǿûô
⻰ǰӪĽǲ̧ͷ
˵һϵķŭͬǱĻɽһ㣬ǧɳΪָԱѵܹжô˭˵ʱûϵһ㣿ȻϵˣΪʲô˵ļƻôʵʩˣ˵
ԽԽڽԴؿˡ
ʦЩǲҪ˵ֱ̫ˡ׵ģʱ˵޲һԼ鷳
ߣ֪ʲô˼޷Ǿ᲻ͬǵõ²ˣӰ쵽Լδǲǣ
ֻ۾Բ뿴˵ˡ
˶Ȼһ̧ͷһȥӣʦʱȷʵ˽ģҲ˵ʱڳн죬˼ǣû˵ִˣô죿
пܵԵĺһԣжΣǵִˣû뵽кܶѣѵڽλϣǸһʿʲô㻹ûһģ
ʦ˵ˡôĵڷⶼǷս֮սʧµı̰ʦĩԸκγͷԹԣʱһҲվ˵
ƶɸܸʲôѾĶˡ˵⻰ʱеһ˿ƣĸоʱ޴ĳʹɵġ
ǣǧ־ôǻŵˣһҪһȥÿ˶ҪܽᣬԼʧԼӦĶûģףʱȫǰ
⡭⡭ʦеѿɡ
ߣǲΪСǰеѿˣǶĲӣӥЩѵĵǣǾ˭Ҳ£
˵꣬ˣǳװ͵ǧ˵
뿪ڽ˶ѯҽʦôˣ
ҽʦӲ޴󰭣ֻǼģ˯һʱܹѡ
⻰԰ģʱ򣬶Ҫش˳ǵļƻҪˡ
Ȼû£ĿǰٲҰܵĲӣѾ£֮ءȻŲҰӰ̣Եġ
ڶһ磬ڳ˯еĲбܽټһ𣬿ʼѵ
ʦ˵һ仰ûֻ֮֮⻰˵ЩƫģȴҲ޵ӥһۣǰӪǧ࣬˵Ҳԭ򣬾ƶսԵʱ򣬾ʧܵĸԴˣҲûصĿܡ
˵̾Ϣһ
ţĳ˵ʵֻҪܹսϵ첻㣬ҲڵĽǵʧڣ˵ǼƣԶȲϼǻۣһһսƻû˲ͬûɺͷԣ൱ΣյġΪս˲Ϣ䣬˭ܹ֤ܹȫԤϵܷأ
ͣһ£˵ˣҾͲ˵ˣڣӽ쵽ʿ˵˵ԼⳡսУʲôΪʲôңĲҰܽ˭Σ֪ܶ£ǸЩѵֵһҪǸԼһǲҪʧܵӰУҪʧܵӰվЩǵ˺ʮȥ
һޱȣʿҲ޹⣬׷׵ͷ
˶ڳĬ˭Ҳ˵ʱһʦĻеҶΣȻûվһ˵Ҿ͵һ˵ɡ
һϽʩ񣺡£ôˣ壬ǺúϢɡ
һ֣ҡͷ˵ʦһ˯ôӥһۣԥŻ鷢ʦ٣ǺбҪġҾ˵˵ɡ
ʵӺףҰܶһ֧ӵʵ̫ˣܿⱲӶѲˡ
Ψ赼黳ܹġ
飬ʵǰÿʹ泹ױɹﵽ˵֪ܺµЧܹܾġ
ҲǶˣ˵˿ˣҵǲǴɷΪݺҲһʱˣ۵Ǳʵġ
ԼΪʧսܵδ󲿷ԼϣʾһҪעⷽ飬ͬƵ
ӵĻڽʿ˾޴ķ졣
ȻӶˣ˭ܱȶӵӴ󣿽Ƿ׷׷ԣ̼ԼĴҲ֤ٷƵ顣
ţһЩʿļ֣սսȻ޹أʵսУԵ˾ʧǲʵ˵ľֹңΣҲͷϡ
һʱ䣬ǳԷҲ½СͨԽ˰̣˸оѹֵɿ˲٣Ҳӽ״̬Уָ
ͶӿٺЧ㰲οңúϢֻҪһǻ֧ս޲ʤѪ֮ʦ
飬ڶӵʶɾЩˡּͨƽ͵֮£̫̫Ķټ߻ΧһȺͬĸһЩ˷ã˭֪ӵδʲôӡ
öӾԲһõ֮һݾҪķηչҲȷʵпܳΪһǳµĵ֡


464 ӵļ
ȴǲܶǱʵĶôڻҪƽ⣬ҪԺܹȫУҪڵսƽ⡣
ҹǶӣһ󣬶δսԹ˼һΪֵв
״ܹöӸҹ໥ģԶʵսԹ˼
ǵЩȥĶһ¶ӡ
棬ԼĵǳʱΪԼԼУѾ⡣
Ŷ΢΢üͷһ˵£ѵ˱ô˵һɣⲻΪ˵ңҪ˵Լ
⻰˵ĺҪһ仰Ϳ˱κ˶˵ʲô
ԣӲҪȥ˵˭ǡǡ˵öӸɣ˵ԼӲò¿ˡ
ʦ˵˱ȷʵȡǿ룬ʦºպսƫƫңӥһۣ۽Ǯ˴õľ氡ӥɶѾ˳ǻ治˵
ǵǵĴ˴γͽ޹׷ô
ǵġʦļ㣬ܹʱӥɣĵľеʣҪٴͼǲ䡣ޣһò»˳ǣ֮ڣͼԻָԪ
Цһ˵£ҲҴƱ˵ܹ»˳ǣɵİաһ»˳ǣڵµķչ׳󣬵ȻҰѻ˵ϡ
ڶӣǿ˼Ҳͼǵ䣬ȻҲܺŪٷְ»˳ǣ˭أôˣǲġ
ӱϾˣһ棬ĵðղø黳ֻ˵ɣӻŲɡ
ɵİգֵֵðգԶӣǸջ
˱ϢʱظĿܣɵĴûͰװ˷ˡ˶һʧʧ
Ѿǧ࣬ôĴ۴ӥˣһ˱ɵİշˣǰսҲᵴȻ޴档
ᰡᡣ
һɱӥɲҰܸȻ
Ǻ󣬶רŰѵϵĽһ˱顣
ϵĽ죬Ϊӿǵġ漰شľ˭Ҳ˵Լе뷨
һɵİգǾֵðյģɹؼôܹȷɵİա
Ȼû͵ϵĹ֪ͨǰһ޴ðգðյȴֵõġ
Եֱ˵ѯ»˳ǵɰ
٩٩̸
ȣһƨ˵֪֮Σ˵ԼзǵϵĽ죬ͷεҪ֡ʹȫͬͬ£ַԼĲŻ˵սһ֣ռɡ
ΣԼо˳գǴ۸ӵ󷨣ԼУ㲻ʲôջȥһ룬ɰеɡ
󣬾ԼܹṩһЩİֻҪԼǿһ£ܹиеɰյһɡ
ⷬ۾ɵԲʦˣʦܹЩӻ˵ʲôӾ£˵ʲôҲҪ»˳ǡֻҪʦԼŵģò»˳ǣҲĸԸ
¶˷ĵ׵ЦݣΪöӸҹѪƴԼҲòѪֻҪǸҹһж˵
ȻǺ˼Ѫƴ̣Ҳó涫Ͻһط˶ӣطɲͨطǿԸ߼ǿЧط
˵ڣطͿڵмһЩǿȼչЧ𣬴Ӷﵽ߼ﵽܹﵽЧ
˵֮˾ģһҧĳɷ֣ӹط󣬾뵽һ֮У
ʱ򣬶ã˵ɰնǫ֮ǡڣǵϵȰԼ˱Ҳԥǳ⡣
Ӻεϲˮˡ
£˳ǣϾʮðյΪ°ܣأӦͣһʱ䣬µľеװ֮ٹӥɣٴ˳ǡ
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ҹٿ»飬еĽǲ۵ֱ´ָʾ
ǿľ»˳ǵսԾǾԲıġ
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ӣڹӦţһȫ嶯ԱӿǴûйľģûйϢǣ˭Ҫǵӣͷȥӡ
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һʱ䣬ͼӴһŪС
ô˵Ҫʣľеװָʱȫˡ
ʱʿָ˱ҲӺѲһڵԼˡ


465 Ŀɿڴ
װʱ򣬶ִˡ
˵ģͨ󷨣Щ˶Ӽᶨģɶһûʶ
ṩܷƳڵмһЩԶ̾еȥǺöڶҪʶһʱȴ˵ⶫ󣬶Ҳ󣬵ȵʵսʱȻܼǲĺá
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ӥϻصĲҰܣµӰ̫ˣƽʱʱ򣬻ܰѣһսʱ򣬿ԼЩҵȫóӰ޷Ŵˡ
ӱϾҲǱʵļһôɻûףϿɲֳܱǵˣӻҪֳصӡ
ƶϸսƻûμӣֻһ仰ʦģͳˡʵϣӵʱսϡ
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ôֱӣô򵥣֪ô򵥵ʵȴǺķҹ˼нڵĿӡ
û˾òֵãΪϢʮ̫·
̣ͼǽʮΣһֱӱԵӪկ˭֪ӵǱǻ˳ǣôĿ㣬ȥˮߡ
֪˵ҲΪΪҲҪŪ÷ডǱҪģûôߵļ
Ͷ飬ߵӱߡ
ָŴ˵ʦ׳ۣΪȴ
Ц£֪Ϊ纣һ׳˭֪ʲôӡ˵ĶˣҪɶӣȴڰ;ʧ˷ҪǴ汦ѣֻҪ˺ˡλˣڴθ̾˾֮ӣ˳֮Ϊ֮ӡҲΪϿɣΪֲӵĲ󡣡
ӿӣ֮̾ӣ֮ӣһ֮ӣţ֮ھʦǰǾͳ֮ˡ
Ц¿佱ˣҶģҶҲһṼµεġ
һ޼ʵľ֮ӣɫ£ҲվҪºһ̽ڼ䣬ҪСġȻĵϲʵʩͻȻĴģҪͻϮ
صͷͼǱ͵ϮһӣǻöجεģѣöӲûҪöЩµĸоǵúú÷
ʦˮ֪Ҫ׼ЩʲôҪˣΪ׼
£ʦڣҶһҶӡ
ʲôӲ˶ۣвУʦʹáղſ˵Ǿ֮ӣ˵ﶼô⣬ⲻУԲС
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£ҶȫգһԵ¸𣬸ΪʮҲΪԼʹ֮˾ȴҶֺ
ܶӲԸðգҲܾţǧ֮󣬲ֲ׼һСۣ׼ȥ֮̽ӡ
۵һ˲䣬ץӸΣʦ˲ţǿǿţһʧǿǲɹġһʱ䣬˲ȥ˳ǣֱӻȥ뷨ֻҪоʦڣγ²أ
ȻڶӾʱСۣһţСವһ˾֮ӡƴӶֱۣСġ
ڶǰ˵г񣬿ɽ˾֮ӣϾ
ڰ߿֮ӣһƬͣûκεСнɣΧľ¾ͱˡ
ģģˣˮϣͻأŨŨİʮŨؿڵλá
Сͣ
壬ѰС֮ϣС̽ͷҪˮ
˭֪ŨİУԴһ̽ȻؿˮµһֻĴ۾
ֻ۾ƺû˼עӵʱӶϼӴ󡣽أо۾һ磬ԼҪ뵽Ǹȥˡ
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ǵ͵Ի󷨣
һֵܿ죬ֻ۾ʧˡ̧ͷʱŨŨİҲʧһоͺһ㣬ոշһжô޽ӽʵá


469 ߸
СϣŬԼעʹûþϵԺѡ
ˣ˰
ݴ⣬Ϊ󷨵оǰƿˮΪ̫ĵˡ
ˮ磬ҲѰ˵װʲôһࡣ
СģǼƵǰСĵġŨʱ͸뵽һԻ˵ĸйΪ󷨣󷨣֮ΪԻ󷨵һ󷨡
󷨣ͨӰߵĸָй٣ʹ֮һӪĻﵽһĿĵ󷨡
󷨣ߵļʵԵ˺Ӱĸй٣жϣӶþԿĴΪﵽԼ˺ԼĿģԻУԶȥ
󷨣ͨ˵־ƷʮּᶨǾΪû̫Ӱ졣߼˵ģӦó⡣
ûϵԻ󷨣ǵһģһһศɣ׼ȥԸеһʱ򣬲о뵽üԻ󷨵С
һǿܵӰ죬Щǿܵ˺ҪŵǰͲ˸ͷ
о˶ܵľʹΪԼĴ⣬ΪĸεֵͨĴϡ˻þ
ǰ˵Ի󷨶ھǿЧܲһӰ˾ǿˣܵľ˺Եġ
ǿһûУɸоȴͬһʹһ㾢Ҳ᲻
ָ˺ܾãžú˵㡣
⵽˺ʹ˺ʤ̬
СϣһĬĬסԼĸй١ӾζȻʶȥӴоһС
գˮ棬һжŵʶܹԶİߡ
еһжʵģԻǿʲôӰԼĸйأ
󷨵֪ʵһϵѹ洢תͷšļ壬˵࣬мĴһͨһ;Ȼͷųȥһ̶ҲΪ
󷨵ľҪ֮һЩ޼ĴڣͨһУӪһܹӵд޼УȻͨһշͷųﵽһĿġ
Ҫ֮Ƿдշ洢ͷŵĽڵ㡣ֻҪǰڵˣôҲͱˡ
ͣһŵʶԼԻ󷨳Ļ档
뵽֮ӣȻŨİ
ǶӾӰ죬Ӱ죬ٲһ
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СΪģʶ̽飬С·ߣ̽Ϊϸ
Ȼǿʶ̽£Ȼһ
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ģһԼ©ʲô
ٴСΪģһ̽顣
ȻǺ޽
ѵĴ󷨣ЩԼ󷨵֪ˡ
󷨣ûͷĸе
һһЩյĸоЩиˡ
ƽˮ棬Ȼ΢΢һ󲨶ĸоУԽԽңɲǼ䣬ˮ滯һˮ飬볾һϷɳۣڿнһ͸ʵˮ硣
Ȼ䣬͸ʵˮ磬һչɽ̲ݣֳһһС
ֵ磬ԽԽ󣬽ܹ֪ȫҲһӡ
»ˣȴֲԶ֪ʲôʱεضһһĽ
һתЦ
һŮӹһ㱼ܹ
ЩŮٽȻоѪŵĸоЩŮһ̬ɴļ¶֣ЩɽĹȣҲ֡
󺧣ԼôᱻľƻأоԼЩ仯һҪͨԼļٿٰЩѪڵŮ
ǣУЩŮĳߡңһŮӶתÿһŮľӨӣһ˫˫ڹǵĴۡ
һ˫˫۾·ܹ뵽ȥڹǵĸоÿһ䡣
ţһȫ޻һȭ
Ϊȫһ
һȭ֮ΧĿռҵĲЩŮ쫷еɳһ쫷ϯϻһ㱻ʴɢת۾Ͳˡ
ȻռҵĲûͣ¶ͣ£ǸӾˡ
Ȼ䣬һֲĻɽһĶ֣ٺҽŨī̻ңһʱ䣬ЩҽͳΧ
ֲĸ£궼Ǳ˿һ㡣
һжôͻȻܷӦ£Ȼʶ׹뵽þˡþҲ̫ʵˣŨϢУؿھҪըһ㡣
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ٴθеޱȵƣˮѾȫʪ͸ˡ
أȻĸо
һַǳ״̬Ѱ޹㲵ʱЩӵϸڣͻ᲻ȻĴ뵽Ժ
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Ȼ󷨽ԣ󷨵ĸߵͺûжิӣжôڶ󷨵ĺá
һ仰ǺʵģʺϵģЧġ
˵һС
ûпŵʱЯƻԻĻ֮ǽлָھ֮ӵһ󷨶ҲûаӰ졣
ΪٴγֻþʱֻҪעеˮϣеĻͻȻʧ
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ԭΪԼѾԵˣڿĺԶĳ̶ֳϵ߸һб֪
Ϣһ£̽ͷֿʼò֮ӵĺˮ
һ£һӰѸٿǻþ
һЦʵһתԼֱߣЩͺӰͻأĲˡ
˳ֱߵĲ죬˼ֻƵԲ塣
ЩԲһйɵС


470 
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ЩԲ壬ֿźˮôĻᡣ
Ϣˮɣ棡
󷨵Ĺ֮ڣҵûã෴ģҵЩ󷨵壬Դݻپܹ󡣿ɼ󷨵ĸߵͣ󷨵ıڲߵǻۡ
һ־壬ĬĬԻķλƽ֮
һһԼ״̬߶С֮ӵͦ
ƽʮֹƽĪһֲĸо
ͣСҪѰҿԼԴͷ
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СʼûвݵԼʱСѾ뵽ˣģΪԽģСٶȾԽԽ졣
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Сٶȣһĳ̶ȡңΪӽģԸоСˮٶ˲죬ΪԽӽģˮٶȵĲԽСˮļѹ£˿ֲ
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Χɵˮʧȥԭĵһӱúͷ໥ѹ
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ѷеٶһӿ죬ȴȲӴˮһһҡ
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֮ϵĴ˵ģǶôţĶڣھ֮ϣŷȥ
СûˣϽָָʲô
һ٣һ裬õҲûбĶɡ
ŵˮϣ˽ȥã㹻ܹиˮϡ
Ҳ˹ˣصˮϣҷڵĺˮһ˲ֹͣ˷գۼ䣬ֻܸо֮ˮ滺ղž춯һļҳ棬һζѡ
ƣղŵлЩͻͻѡ
Ӹղŵο֮ˮµߣʵǰѻ˳ǵķϿľ֮ӣ˶㣡
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˵ַǴʦ
뵽֮ӵʼͨˮʣ˵һ󷨣γһ޴޴ִһܹˮ󷨡
Ϊ󷨣Ǿʹشˡ
Ϊˮ󷨣Ҫǿ֧ţûһע룬ǲἤġ
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Ҫһ޴װ
ȴһ㣬Ǿǹһ㣬ͻʹʧЧ
һеԭ㣬Ǹ󷨡
ǵҲܹͷųôŪҲи͵
ƱǼ߹ģġⲻս֮Ի󷨣ṹС첢ӣȴǲƻΪˮ԰ָ
Ĵ󷨣һƻһ㣬ͻᵼṹϵȱʧûЧÿĽṹ֧ţ󷨾ͷˡ
ԣδؾǺƣǿδؾŪ
󷨵ĹģΧֻҪڲᴥ󷨵Χһڻ󷨾ͻ̼̮ȱһһƣĲơ
ȻΣܱˮҪǿˡٿǰߣĺˮʲô쳣·ѾѾ֮е󷨶ƽɾ֮Ҳסǰˡ
Ȼûκε쳣нȻЩԾȻΧûвܾԼһ޴ȦﶵȦӣı䷽򣬶ǳȦӡ


471 
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Сģڲ֪ס
ͣˮûͻƣŴˮҵͷ
ˮ峺ԺµһЩ״
֮ӿޱȣȸһȣԵĲࡣ
ʮɵȣˮͼˡ
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ӣȥûʲô쳣֮ȴиܵһɲɣӵζ
ֺصĸоһɽһǸҲеɽֹĸо
Ȼһ߶ԡǰУ۾ȴʼնǸӣ˺ܳһʱ䣬òˣΪôнǸӣ롣
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뵽һ˵е󷨡
󷨣˵ϹʱһԭʼĹ󷨣߸ɣ߸λ׭ͼģֻҪ߸ӵ󷨷Χڣܹҵİ취Уȫ磬һӱȥ
֪󷨵ԭ
˵Ϲʱڣʼռ伫ȶԣʱԽӴʽĲȶĿռ䡣
ǣһλ󷨴ʦڲȶĿռи󷨣󷨷ģѿռ֮õ󷨵С
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ϵĿռ֮ʮֹ죬ϾĵĿռ֮ƵķΧȦӡ㳯һʱǵס㣬ӷťתĿռ֮ı䷽
ֻȦǿԶ죬ҲģԶֻ̾󷨱ǽпռ󷨣ͽ̳Ư֡
ĵ󷨽ܣûи취
Ϊһ棬ʮѲµ󷨣Ҳ˵ͼĻɬޱȣѰһͻͷۻõĻʯҲ⣬Ϲſռ̮ľʯСֻⶫܾͼĲĿռ֮
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ô߼ϾǰԭеֻҪܹڲռ֮ңͿ
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ҵһӣȷ˷λͳһڵԼʹˣڵХǸӷɹȥ
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أǰѳ̵ľʹˣԶݣʻһһӰӳˮϡ
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472 ɺ
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ߣըըըըը
ʮڵȫйһӳˡ
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뵽һ飬ͷԺ˲ָ
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ϲǣõ߸󷨵ĻʯⶫоãԼĵĴǽǶô𾪵飡
󷨴ʦ֮ԲģһûвĻʯûģ㲻ԭҲΪ֮ڣֻҪǱо׼ӻʯãͿ԰ڳˡ
ǲ󷨣ӻʯĲʣƳԾļƷƷ
ԽЩӻʯԽ˳ۣôһֱš
վǰ߸յ˽ָС˽ָ֮ھ֮ӵϿշУأѾûκε
Ȼûƣû󷨵ҿռ䣬׿ƵķΧ٣ֻҪɣͲᴥ󷨣
Դо֮ӵ֣ǵһھ֮Ͽɷеˣ
£Ѿû󷨸ˣʮص˶ӵľС
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ȵڶǰʱ򣬿֪Ƕôˣ
ʮֿӦӵ꺮ů̸Լ֪˶ӡ
ȻӻʯǾҪܵġ
ЩͼǴɺӵļƻϾͱᵽճˡ
ΪֻϤԣɺӵָҲǷĪˡ
飬ɺӷߣһ־һȶɺӣѾ֮еĲһһƽ⣬ȻɶӴо
½裬½ѡˣеȴֻЯڣԼС
ǵӶ԰пǻ˳ǵľǷΧѡǧԼ֮Ӷ԰Ѹռ̲ͷԱһ֮ء
緢޲ϾͿΣ˭֪ȴǻҪѵһǲСӡ
Ĳ˵˵ǸԻÿܰѻþЩ֪ΪıҪ³çԼ˻ʲôһֻþԼֵܿڣǿɾ֮ˡ
ˣⲿ˽˷ѵ;пֵܳĲ⣬֪ÿˣӦܹԶΣա
ѵһ˿һССϸڣָģУֻҪһС©Ͼͽͣһֱôѵֲأ֪ͨӣԳˡ
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ٴ֮ӣ˵ĸоһˡߣܹԼԼ԰ı仯ем˺ܶࡣ
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ʦ԰ɣ˵ˣ˳ǱߵĵƸߣǾ֮ӷģҲûƵ͵һô֮أ
ȣԽһˮģû⣬һʱе˳˴ǽĸ߶Ʋûô
Ҳǰٺ٣Ҿת䣬žʦҲöӣôʲô
˵½䣬ʱĴ󲿶Ѿ½½ϰˡѯʲôطӪ
ΧָŲԶһԸߵĵط˵ȥߵ£صӪ
˼ʮڲԶƺƵſӪկ
Ӫկӵҵ
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ʤèϻȻͶ٣۾͸ޱȵšڵ飬еʤèģ


473 ̾Ϣ֮ǽ
ӴӦӾξʦһ龫ǣ񣬾Ϊһ졣
ڣӺҹҪĴģԿˣǴģ˫ʵûᡣ
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ԶԶԣʦ˵öԣӦĴ㡣ʦ֮Ѿͻˣǵĺǲģ㿴Ҫʲô˵ҰеľȨȫ·Ÿ㣬˵㣬ҪĶ𡣡
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ӴѾԷ֪ˡ
ǣԷȻһ㶯ûУѵ޿֣Щǣ룬ôĴһ·صҲǱҪİɣ
Ҫ֪ǹټ̣ɸt۲˰˶ԺѹѹĴƵĿ־ʱɳ˹ЭҲЩһЩϵİο
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ȵ˿ﲢս˵Ĳtڻڵһʱϳ˵ڶǽ
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ǽǽ㹻ԼֶԵضԿյĸߵȼеԿУԵв»ûӽͱɵˡ
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ңЩӵĽӴ½ҲһĺӣԼо֮ӦòǶ̽ġ
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Ȼ֪½⻰Ǽٵġ
սУԼҲǱҹɷЭô
ԼλôߣôǰӪ٣½ôûĴأ


474 ԭʼƽ취
û˵½˵ʦҶһ䣬ѵ龫ǣΪ˰ӿô
仰һӵ㵽Ϊе񾭡
һӰˡ
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뵽Լսͼֲò
ڣڻҹͶ۵ľ棬ǿҲ޷ڶᵽУϾؾ޷ս
ΨһгģԼٰķչ׳˳ܹﵽյĿġ
ڣѾǻ裬һ˼Ҫѻ˳Ǵҹõ˫ʵʱһͼ¶ӵ֪ôΪ˱ʵƱػ˱
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е˵һ飬ʶʲô
ȻӰѾȨȫŸ漰пܾ޴սҪһ¡
ӱжˣôľĴӦþ۾һգһߵˡӴÿģöӶ˯ž
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ƶ˵ƻ֪Уһܻһͷۡ
ģɱĸ
ͼطôıѾǽӽˡϾĵҲҪġ
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֪½ðΣЭԼ
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475 Ϳ֮̿ҹ
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֣ϻصԼλã֣ϧһд۸赲һ£߼Ҫˣ
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Хŭ𣬹ٴγص
Ԥ뵽սʮֲпᣬǣͿ̿Ļ棬ʹ
Ӫϸǰ죬ѵ˵עãҪӷֵһЩѹõİ취ǰӪǰ죬ôҲҪ˼Ӫ
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䡭
̾Ϣ֮ǽϵڣȷѣӪĴڻûеָλãһ졣
ӿֱţ޲øϽӪקϧҲ֪ԼҪȻ֮ǰǰ׷ˡ


476 ˳
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˭Ҳ뵽˭Ҫ̾ϢĳǽȻ˻ԭʼİ취
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Ҫˣؾոռ˻˳ǣҪ֯ӭҹŭ𰡡
ҹеУؾһʣµȻǸȻҪһЩԸ˳еؾȻġ
ϵ֮ҡһ䣬һλؾʿɵػ뵽˶֮С
ؾڻ˳ΧѲ߶ӣһ˫˫۾ڶΧκοֵܳΣգΧ͸ְڣǵǲôģպɣ
ǺһЦԱߵһʿʵ磬˵ҥԴĺǵؽǲˣ
ƨؽôأһĴڣЩ˴ū״̬нȳؽս£䣬Ͳһܹģʿͺһɤӵǽһ
û뵽һķӦôڨڨЦЦ˵Ҳ֪ҾʣҲؽô׾˵ģ
ߣСʶ࣡ؽʱһоͶˡ
ͷ˼ֿʼʵ˵⵽ʲô˿ʼҥģȻ˵ؽˣҪ֪˭˵ģһƤ
С廹˼ҵƤЦˡʿмЦǰš
һ䣬æʵ磬˵ҥ˺ЩСܴùģ
ʿҳ˳򣬼ûʲôˣ㿪˵ǲ֪һ˵⻰Ǵһﴫġ
ΧʿһΧ˹˵󲿷ֵ˵ĶǲôʿĻ
ʿһͼۣɤӺûдţ׿ڸҵģ˵齫˵ģʱ⣬ˡ
ǰɣĻ½ı齫𣿡ҡҡͷزš
ߣ±֪ë֪齫ĺ̨˭
˭ţܲؽݰɣмƲƲͣš
ʿһۣѹ˵齫콫Զݣ
˷׷һ㶣Ļʹˡ
ˣ˵ˣСĸǽжһϵʿ¿ʼѲߡ
ʱɫѿû뵽컹һϵ
ѵ˵졭


480 ߵ
˼һ֮ƣȺѲ߶֮󣬱ʧˡ
ܵģҥйϵĻǺߵͲôȥǸĽ
ؾĽô࣬װǸͨű΢һҵڡ
飬û˿ӡͨ˽֪֮һԼߺģΪսԴʮҲܿ졣
飬ҲǸˣֻǿϧе̰ڵ֪֮΢΢ҡͷ̲ס̾Ϣ˲Ŷؾ˵ǱزٵģһһǸҥߵĻǶ˭ûкô
Ҫ֪ϢĲˣڼʱҲˣȥ
ȻҥѾˣôֻͨһθߵĻع飬˶һԼǰֻܹҥߵͼɴơ
˳ǵΧžˣ˸û˵ĵطڿն𣬴ӴָͳһӴģޱȵķȵվϱߡ
¡¡
еǳֻĲٿ֮ٶȺˡ
ؿŻ˳ǣܿ˷ĳ֣һϢٵش˻
ǡǲؽ
찡Ȼؽؽţؽţ
ؽ꣡ؽ޵У
ؽ꣡ؽ޵У

;Ƿڵؾʿ׷׸ŭѹֵŭͲ˲ɢ
ǲҥ˵ؽѾޱȹ˭ܲؽĹɣ
Ϣٵɢܿ˳Ƕ֪Ϣ
ڴĺͺһ⻰ˣ׷е飬ٵص˻˳ǵĳǽشӭĵ
䡭
ԶһǰޱȵķͬһͷľһسˣڶǸСС˶˫֣ǺŵЦݡ
ؽȻؽ˶ˣ;˵Լվǲһġ
֮ŭЧ
˵ؾеĵλ˶ҡֻҪڣֻͲɢˡ
ؾ޵Уһĵ³
˲䣬ؾһŭһͬߵٻһ㡣
ؾ޵У
ؾ޵У
ؾ޵У

ʲôطؾûм®ɽĿһź֮󣬷׷׼뵽С
ĺֱԭΧŻ˳ǵŨŨ׳ɢ
ƣȵӳؾÿһ˵Ц
ؾ޵УܵȾٴοں
һΣһӣǳƱ㱻סƾվһ仨
ؾ֮
𣡺ؾ޵Уؾ޵У
¥֮ϣĺͺҲ̲סˣŽ
Ƕؾ֮˲üΪۣ̫Ĺâڵ
һЦǳЧһ֣ؾ֮ϣһŴĽӲӵ
ؾ޵У꣡
ؾ޵У꣡

֪˭˿ںţǽȥ
ʱЦ绨ôӵߣĸܲˣ
ӵе찡Ŭ΢΢۾һɹǿܴ뵽УԼȵĴ
ûԤϵ飬ϸһΪ뿪ʱе㳤ڼв˼룬ֻ˵ԼţȴûļʶԼı¡
ʩչؾøǿˡ
ͣ˻˳ǵľ޴֮ǰնЦؿų¥֮ϵһؾҪ쵼
ؾڽʿˣȵһʱؾ֮ɫ˸Ŵ۵Ĺ⻪һɫ⻪ɢ
ɫ⻪ͬѩһɢ䣬ƮؾʿϣС
ڽɫ⻪ҫ֮µؾʿһ¶ˬڵȻӿ˲٣ܵ˶࣡
꣡꣡
ﻹʩչ˴ֶΰңʱţͷе˷ܡ
һЦ΢΢ͷȴһۡ
Щɫ⻪򵥣ȴޱȵתɵġҲǵĳЩа֯ĵһֶΰɣȻԼջԻڸϾȡЩˣͻһ㣬ܹõࡣ
ڽʿŻˣǿںȵ
ټ˲䣬ͬػӦ򵥵һγɵȴͬըڶߣޱȵĻ˳Ƕò
ؾʤλҪӷһʼؾĹԽҫԨ۹ƥԴ˶ģһܹΪġ
ؾ޵У꣡
ؾ޵У꣡
ؾ޵У꣡

ĺٴϮԸĵķʽ쳹գȥǧء
ΧЩŵĴС̽Ƿ׷׽⾪ĶǵһĻͻȥдǶͷ۵ؾҪʧһʱ֮󣬾Ȼֳˡ
ոհϢݻȥ̽Ǻܿͽܵµӣһʲôµͨ
֪򵥵һ֣Ѿ˶ؾʽķΣ档
ʱոյ֪ȡ˻˳ǵĲǻ˳ǵԮؾ֮󣬶ʱŭѣһѪʱ˶԰ࡣ
ˣҵҪɱȥӱŭޱȵ˻ţͬһͷ˵Ұޡ
ȻǷ׷׷ԣɱȥⴿڿЦ
˳еؾûкķһһ˻˳ǣʿڼƲˣȥ
һ뻮һϿҵȰ˵֮Уӽ侲ӻһаͰ࣬Ȼȥͼǡ
ĸߵعɵشҥԣ˶ʶǿ
жףǿһ˵ĿԽԨ۹ɽ˼ҵĵϣԼĹȣ
һ֣ؾ֮ɫƵ˳Ϸͬһ˴һ㣬˶ڴһС
ʰ˷һЦĺ͵ߡ
ãӭ˷׷ʩ񺰵
һЦڰֱ㽫˷˵λˣߣǻȥ˵
ص˳Уǵһ˳ǵĳƻֺĳҲ̲סصͷ
Ҫһ£ҽ±ߵһЩҶǿʶ˲ɨһ飬ЩصļΪõҺͰͨͨ˳
򵥵Ļһͼ佻ĺͣٶ˰Щ
˳´λ֮ϣãɫȴǽ


481 ϸ
´ϵ˲ͬǴ֮е뵽˺£һʱ䶼ЩӦ
ĺͶһۣΪλֻ̬ûзҲö˵ʲô
˳ǵķôˣһƣſ˵ڵе࣬һ˵ǼϸҲ
ĺǰһ˵˳ķ඼ûܵصƻڽֵĵһʱͿʼ޸ͼӹ̣ΪֹǴ޷ָʹ֮⣬Ķûˡ
ãܺã˳ؾԨ۹ϵĵһʽĳУҪȫ׼ǧ˳Ƕˡ⣬ǷҲϰɣ˸Ǿǳڻζͷ˵ĺµķǷǳĵġ
ɨһڳˣȻؿǸԴ飬ؿһ˵ûĻҶȥɡæԵ飬ǧҪˡ
ټ˷׷Ӧͣſʼȥ
ǰĺȴû뿪֪֧ˣлҪ˵
߰ɣȥĵطġ˵ʾĺҸط
ĺʹ·һƧĺ԰С֮е֮ͤз
˵ɡЩ䣬һƤӵмϡ
֪Ǹʲô߶һƽ￴ЦǺǵģһģǸʱˣҪŭĺԵܱȡ
ϸѾһЩè塭ĺͿһЩؿ˵ֻǻû˵꣬ͱˡ
ͨһ˫ȹ˵ϣ˵ؽˣԸ⸶ȫΣ뽫ͷ
ߣһɻģΪؾĺľŽᣬܻܿ˼ãʱ˵ʲôӡ
½ʵ֪첻ᱳϾô飬Ҳ֪ԼֶΡ
̾Ϣһһ֧֧˵治֪ǹյľȻ顣֮ǰҹңȷݹϵ͸¶˼
˵˶٣̧ͷһۣȻɫྲûзŭĺۼŸ׳ŵӣ˵Ҹ˵Ҳ˽˹ϵߺţΪȥҵɣֻҪ˹ҾԻᱣ֤ƽԴġ
ؽҿ֤½֮ǰ̸֮ǰѾϸصˣȷսպաĺͿһʵ˵
ͷʾ˵ȥ
һĭҡҡͷɬѵ˵ؽǵ֣֮ΪһŮ˲š
ŮˣΪһŮˣЦʱˣû뵽ԼôһԭԭΪ̰ȣأڿ¸ӵĶࡣ
Ϣŭϸϸٴο˵֪ǳŭڶε£Ȼ
ԭҲǸ˵ǸɶԸɫŮûʲôһŮ߲·ǰʱûʵûеλǵС˼Ҳһȵ鵱˽ݵλһʱĺβͱ©˳
ûж֪£Ѿ߰λŮЩŮҪôţҪôͳ׵ʧϡһֱǳСģټһĸæû©ʲôš
һȴǲһˣ½õһʮ޵ŮӣһŮӱǲ費˼롣⣬ٯٯ֮£վæһʱһŮӱвСϣ֪һЩ顣
ʱŮӱ˳ˣ֮£ֻѡЭˡ
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ؽѾҹѺֻŮӲ֪ΪǰõϢȻѾˡ·ĴԸеȫΣ˵ζѲϵġ
Ǹļһ֪ӣۣˣֶεĻλ˲ܻԼʩչʱûʲô·ˡ
һĺͿ죬ֿ΢΢ҡҡͷ˻еȣ˵ؽĺҲд
Ҳд𣿡ɫɭֻҪôһķ磬¾Ҫˡ
ĺҡҡͷ˵ˣĺһֱûпǵϸôһ顣
ϸ
ͷˣûзֵġûа취ؾʱ򣬲֪ж˵أҪûеϸߣ򲻿ܵġ
ˣ֪ˣǸ飬Ǵδһʵе㵣̫ĹϵڿҲ֪
һ⻰һ֪Լûˡ
ؽȻҵݣɾǰƽȣ鴥Ӧնɱ˵ɫһɾ
û˵Ŀ⿴ĺ͡
ĺҡһеȣ򿪣ֺˣſ˵Ҿ⵹һλᡣ
᣿ϸ˵˵ɡüͷһĺͲǾʦԼľȻһģһġ
Ӧ֪ؾ֮п϶˲ٵļϸڣĸ˿϶УԺεȷʽģѾûбҪȥ׷ˡҪ飬ӦþЩϸؾһѣȻһֽȫĺ˫۾Ҳ֪һ϶Լ뷨ֻڵİӰˡ
ͷֱԲ˵ˣ㿴ȥŰɣ½ҲϣٷֵͼĴˡܲ
һذûڣȹأص˵ؽ֪ˣԺ鷢֮أ
ˣؾͷŽܹģĺڣܹˡڰ֣ǰơ
ϣ˭ܲأֻҪʶԼĴڣȻŬȥ·㹻ˡ
лɫ죬а˾ģһҪúõذԨ۹ĸ֮дһƬء
ǰĶˣ֣ЦˣûмˣǲǸúúõĳԺһ٣ףһأ
˵ǣĺѾȥˣʱԿʼĺһЦΪʦҪ鶼첻õĻҪЦ
ãߣһӣϢȥˡ


482 
һ⻶֮£ֻĺ͸ȥ˵Ρ
˳бģֱӱסΪѺ˻˳ǵĵ֮С
Ǵȥĺлû˵֪꣬ҪʲôֻҪȷһ°ˡ
ͷЩҪˣһβҪѼϸҪĻʹ߸
ɱӺüıĺͷӦ˹̾˵֪ԲΪ˿ȥ϶ԶĴ㡣
һЦûж˵ʲô˵Ǻܹĺ͵ģͷͷԵ֪󰡣ĺͣǿԷȥԼĴ󷽾Բʲô⣬ǳҲиܶ֡
Ƭ֮˻˳ǵĵΡ
ؽãıãͷ죬һؾˣһվ
ڰ֣ʾǲҪš
һԣĺЦǺǵ˵һɣҪ־裬Ҫʲôӡ
ģʱ̶ţԲò÷鷢ģһ͵ͷЦǺǵ˵мʮˣûг
ĺ͵ͷ˵ȥɡ
ܿ죬ν顣
飬ǻƫƫһӢףҪǴһ׾һλӣϧ֮УǵҪ
飿üͷһʵ˿һʱʱ˸ŵĹâȴ
ĺ͵ͷһ˵飡ؽˣݼ
۾һæվӣϹһĨ飬ﳼ飬ݼؽ
㻹֪ԼﳼһĵļһһֱûʲôøС
ɬЦЦҡҡͷһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
飬ڸһᣬܹĻȥ飬ΪͬٻЩ֮ģԸ׵նɱ
ϾͬΪˣ֮ˣҪŽʱɱһˣȵսܹնɱоĽ졣
ЦҡҡͷҪЦˣ֪ԼʲôɲܹʱҲǹϣǸ˵ĺ
ǲ֪ˣ˵˵ǲĻûʲôô
ң˭ϸġ˫Ŀ棬ض飬ʵ
ȻЩ֧֧˰Σһֶû˵
Цһҡҡͷһתߡ
Ե̾Ϣ˵鰡飬ǹ쵰ģҪؽϸһλĻᣬؽȵطһǲ֪
˲ˣȷû뵽Ҳû뵽˵ġ
ţȻڣһֱֻۣҪס
תӣһƽؿǰ飬ڰеֱ΢΢š
˵𣿺ߣϣĴܹ⣬ҲҪɱκһˣʧˣҲȥ˵ʲôʱûдɱ
ɱˣûа취ʰԷˣҪˣΪֵĲǱ̬һĿ
׳˶΢΢ҡһ£ͷ˵ؽ֮ȥϸҲԭİãҲȫΪһŮˡ
˵ص㣡ûмֵ֮ǰûκεʸ̸飬ҪҲġ鳹׶ϾһЩС뷨ҲǼʶı£ǳ뻯ֶΣǿ󵽿еʵ
ҹһҧгݵ˵
ҹɫ˲ͳһֱ²ҹ֤ȷʱȴе㲻š
Ϊʲô֪𣿡˵ؾ֮ǰһʱҹûʲôвȥԵأ󲿷ֵĳҲЩСУĳһֱûȥԡ
˵ؾĿǰʵҪûж˱һȻǲܵġ
Ѿ˵Ļʹ˭ҲͲˣһԶĽԼ֪ȫ˵˳
ҹһֱؾ֮аߣɺ޵յлҵİѱҲЦ˾ǺɫǰҲ캦顣ɬЦû˵ѡ
Щ֪˭𣿡ʵϬһѼ͸
ͷ˵֪ҿԶдһҪ󡣡
飡ʲôʱˣ㾹ȻҪ󣡡ûзĺ;ѾŭˣƤӵ·鰡ذžž졣
벻ҪᣡҲǸҵĺӣҵҪٴҵʱʹ죡æ˵˭û뵽Լˡ
Щ죬û뵽ļһﻹеĴڡ
֪㻹ʲô֮˵ʵ˿ңһӱһƨ
һû뵽۾Ȼ˶ԥһԽϬ֮£̾Ϣһʹޱȵ˵Ҳ֪ͼ֮ˣѵʱ˾һҹ˲֪֪Ҷ˵齫һСȫץҲΰ
˵꣬龹˫ȹڵϣʹ
ͷ֮ˣһǷǳصġ˵ĶģǿԭֻҪš
֮ϣ΢΢۾ʶȴɢϵˡ
½˵һλˣ֪ǲġ
һ㶣û뵽ʶȻǿ󣬴ӵεڵĵطʮذ
ؽȷǱһȣ֪һֱǱ߱ϵʵ˵ҪΪôһŵĻҲῴ顣
ͷѾˣ˸к㽫ʶ˻
Ƕʲôطȴͬһͬһ۾±˹ʡ
ܾܾǳҾ͡Ҿ͡鼤ǰ˵˵ȴûġ
ֻǸ֮ôţ
ϵɽ͹˼᲻һأ
ڰ֣ʵشҵ⡣
ҹУӦǣ֮Ϊ̵ıݣҹһֱﵱԼϳѾϲɫԼҪֻҪܹľ˾ȳ޺ˡ
ͷ飬㣬ҰĶһСȳǷȫΪؾ£


483 ɱ벻
ܣܣȻ쵰ĻؾģҪؾҲĽ찡ֻҹ̫СˣȻö˵ҪЮң
˲Ӧ˵֮Ѿʣ˵ıˡ
ͷ˵ãҾٸһλɡ㿿ǰ
ĺͺͬʱһ㶣֪Ҫʲôһĺ͵ɫͱ˱䣬뵽˵һЩ顣
üͷĺʵؽ⡭𣿡
Ҳɱ֮ˣ˵ȴûֱӻش
ĺ͵ͷЦһ˵ûдɱ֮ͬˣΨһѡˡ
֮ĶԻȻ֪ҪʲôһѾű֮ĵ˵ܹ˶ˣܹһôǻ
룡İϥǰߣֵԴӷ䡣
ı֣˵ʮֵ⡣
ǿʶ˲ͽûˣַסԴ

һûȫס飬ԼĿܣǸ˶Էһݼ֮΢һЩֽţؾԼҳ϶ȱɰٷ֮١
һ㲻նɱ飬ԶһλҳޱȵĽ
˲ʩչϣ۾üٶԴߵļ䣬С󣬴ӹȥڣһ㶼û¡
гֵһĻĻȫ˽⵽˵ľȻһٻûС
лɱ֮֮꣬ضΪؾ𣡡мذлһǾԵġ
ڰ֣˵ɣڵÿһ¡
תӣĺ˵ĺͰһ£ȰЩϸҪ©Ȼ˴ǱȥҴ֮ɱһ֡ʣµģǵ齫һϷɣ
ĺ˫۹ڣҪʲôˡ
˼Ҳ˫ھҪΪһ˫ֻܹ͵鲻飬˳㻹ܹЩﰵļϸʩչһϵеļƻ
ĺ͸ʰ·磡ĺ˫ֹ𣬳˰ݡ
һЦʣµ黹Ҫలˡ
ĺףܷľͺãֻĶ˽δĺ͹˵Ƕĺܺȥ
վļ˵ߴɣƳһЩϸڡţȶ˳ǵķ֮Ҫȥһ⣬ҹʲô¡
һҪȥˣͱͨһڵϣ˼ͷȴһ仰Ҳûж˵
ˣˣߺúϣҪ˲˺ʵǸڰ֣˵ĺһ뿪ˡ
ĵߣ˫䣬Ѿ޵Ĳˡ

һҹ޻ڶ峿ĺͼ棬ֻ˳ǵĲ֡
˳Ǵķʩû⣬һʱޣѾˣֻǴ֮еûʲôչ»ҪˡĺͿǰĲãӣ뵽˴˵ŵնӾʦΪﻹ֪Ϊ
һЦָָĺ˵ѽʲôĺͰҺԼˣ취˰
ĺεһЦڰ˵̫ĺˣĺվǲ罫ġ
һԵƶǶ̲סؿʵıǵ˵ʲô
½ѵ㲻öӵľʦ죬µķʽҲϤϾԼˣĺҲûдš
һ㶣Ŵͣһز˼飺ҵ찡ѹְѹְ벻˾Ȼǽ
ģǶҲЦ˵ģߵůůġ
˵أ֮ǰǶ飬ǶӿʵϾǸӣҪֵһ˵ĻܲסаˣΪνռ˳ˡ֣̲ס̾ѡ
ͷЦˣԼ֪ͺãʱһûȥӴأ
Ҫߣѵǳʤ׷ٶһǣĺͲʵؾع֮ƸǵҪҪǳڵͷȥĳУ϶ܹնġ
ɫ³һϢ˵ڻʱؾȻʮ㣬ɵ̻ס㹻ҪԵǺѵġ
˵ʵҪµ󷨰ؾսҲǸӣټϾ֮еūҲ٣ܹӳսϾ޵ġ
һ֧ȥԵȻҪܾ޴ʧؾµıġûа취õ㹻ıԪ䡣ܹɹĴһУʲôسǣ
ƾʮؾ
ĿǰӦľ׵Ļ˳Ǳһ޷ľԷ֮ǣһǹˮ
Щˮе󷨶ǱڻģҪ޸ǲѣֻҪķһЩʱˡ
ͷһ۳ǽ֮£ȻʵǴ˼ţ
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ŷھȫԱ֤˳ǵķˣֻҪ˵ðǾǳⲻͬͨڻɣ
ãȫһŷڣţһһ˳̫ҪˣڵܹһЩվǺ¶ͷ˵ЩʦƳĶжǺϸҪ˵ƷǻǲԶˡ
˶٣˵һһ嵥˸׼ЩȥҪ˳ǵĻǺӣľ֮ӣ
һ仰ĺ˲伤ˣŵľˣܹΪ档ټͼʶƵķڵǼֻҪһھܹߵĸθĲ
ʱ䲻࣬϶ҪȥǱߵģڼ뿪ɽǵʱҲˣȥܹûдġ˵ɽǱϵԼǻõ㣬ֱҲû˸ϵûʲô⡣
˳ҹɫڰúˣϸһڷŻ򿪸ͱ֪ʲôè塣
ţȺʦˮƽǲˣǿϸɡƣ˶ͷϵĺˮھѾɣѾԽӽƵĳ̶ˡ
һܹ߶׵ǱӴܡ
ʰ˷ڣ׼õĲֱʧ˻˳Уĺ֮û֪ʲôȥˡ
ڻǺſҹһƣػص˳С
ôˣĺһֱ޷Ϣʵ̫Ҫ֪Щǿ󷨵ˡ
Цŵͷ˵İɣ֣û겻ɵ¶͵һ޷Ƶ׳ɣ
ǿ̫ˣЪϢȥɣĺ˷ܵ˵˵ʵѾЩȲҪ󷨵ˡ
˭룬ȴǰ˰֣˵Ϣˣҵˡ


484 
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˿صһЦ˵ҪȥҹϳһȦ˳㿴ˡһоͶˣˣͼеǮ֮ϵһ£Ӱ֯Ѿˡ
İɽĺͻᶼõġĺ͹˵Ѿ鶼ˣֻҪ֮ǰƻȥͰˡ
ãǧҪסһ㣬ܷʲô飬Ҫ뿪˳ǣҪ취ǵıԱһؾפǱҪϵһҳû⣬ֻԴáȻһЩ⣬ĺһһ˳
ĺصص˵ͷʾԼȫźõġ
ĺеᣬһЦļ˵ĺͣˣȵģ
˵꣬תߣӼԾʧǰֻʣһ㵣Ȼûлعĺ͡
ĺʮִһԴҪղ֮Ǳ˵Ǿ仰Ϣסˡ
˵ȣôˡ
أö룬ȻؾĽɽȻֻһУĺͺɵ϶ܹ
ĺ𾪵⡰֣øݵĻûʲô⣬ƫƫ֣Ĵˡ
һ˭ģ֮ϵĹ¼ҹˣ˭
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վֻ̨·һССδϱ޾δ
ĺͱȻʧģĺڵѪҺʼ˵Ļ
δĻ߱ĺͰ

˳ǶһƬï֮ܵУͬһؿٵشţÿһһ˿һķûд
ȥҹ϶ɣ˵Ҫǲȥݷһ˵ȥһЦ˷֮󣬼ǰȥ
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һεĿĵǣҹϳ
ǵλüãǴڵ룬ҸУŻ˳ǵλòԶ
Ϊ֮ΪǿʢĳУҹʱǿʼͶʲǴĳѨ
ҹžԵȨ̬ȶǳã˵ֻҪҹ۸ߺһЩͨϰնԳͲ˵һս
ǳףҪõڣǽΪԴĳС
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컹ûʱѾʮﴦ
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ǰصĶ飬̲סһĭװԾģһԱߵĺӣ簡ôŶӰô˵õʲôʱܹȥ
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Сӣҽã͸˵˵ǰɣǲ˲ĺӵ°ͣһЦ˵Ҫǿɲһ׵飬Ԩ֮ˣԨ彻õ֮ˣҪˣ˵ǽȥֻҪһ¶ͻᱻˡ
ΪʲôҪץūˣЩŮ˶ôƯװɵģںʵ
ҡͷԴһƣеɸֵ˵СԴôģ㲻֪Ԩ۹ĶԿܴ֮˵ˣǸʲôūؾҪūĻ㲻ûᱻǹĶűʱ˭֪ʲôصĺ
ͷǿģϾؾڳֵĶ̶ʱھͷչôãҪǸṩ㹻ūԮǲ͵ؾ֣˵Ұкöū
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Сӣ֪Ҳ࣬Ǳ˸˵ģˣҲ氡ӺȻе㲻ͷһ˸ǣҲʵôɣ
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ôΪɶŵӶһ٣ʵ
ʣʣʣ棡棡㲻ǲֱĸ첲ƣǺĺ㱣ķӣôϻأ
һЦǼӶ˵㲻ϰ
ˣҲˣлл˰ҵƯϱ϶ȾƵģЦǺǵ˵⺺˵֮ϲĻ⡪Ůˡ
һһĵԽԽ֪Ѿǵ¡
˺ˣ˵ˣʵ㰡ʿҪˣǰߺȻ˵ľ±һ
ЩΪλأ
΢΢ҡͷǿʶʩչҪ̽һʶոչȴܵһɼǿķȻʶˣ
ףоȻǿ󷨣ʱһ̲ס̧ͷһۣ֮Ϳʲô
֪ǿƽĿռ֪Ŷٿֲ󷨡
ãܺãҾеս˰֪ܹȸ󷨵ǲǻأ˫۾Ҫͻᱻ˷쳣
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485 
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ʿɫźÿһЩƳһͷģ΢΢ͷ˵УɣܺˣҪ߷ʲô飬Ǿֻ·һˣ
лл٣ллٰͷϹ޲ð˵Լڹˡ
̲ס̾ϢЩ̶ӵҲǲףսϵҪ׬Ǯ治һ׵鰡
黺ȥ֮ȻҲǾһĶˡ
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˵ļ䣬ǵĴСԼ߽ҹĴλѾ˽⡣
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ҹͲһˣһôȻʹӵֶȥв飬Բϲġ
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ҳ˳Ҳ˼֮ˤŵβͣɵر뵽Ⱥ֮С
һΣһС̫ţҹĺȥ
ҹ󿪣λʵǿңͬһ㣬ѹͲ˽ȥġ
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ս
սһôأˣ΢΢ҡͷԼ̫̫ģš
սҹµǿڣټܵƣҹұˣ֮ǰսڹ¯ȣܵƱôܶ飬˻˳ôһǿĳС
ԣڲսƶĺɶ͡
սǲԸΪеģҲûа취ҹ˵ˣҪƣΨһķӱǽ˳ǸǽҶնɱֻܿڴ߶ȹˡ
ͬϬһ㣬ս֪ΪλڿҪ뿪ʱŤͷ׿һۣȥ֮ݵ̫̫
ţǸ˭Ϊλˣսͣʵ
˴һ˳ʵ˭ʲô
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ӵģ֪ܵʲôطȥˣǲɣ˵ԼỳԼˡ
һ׺ݵ˵ӲطжԶҹԶɣ
ҪҵӰǿҵĸαǧҪ˺
İɣûӣȥĵطҰɣʱսȴ˵ˣǹһĨЦݣǳЦЦգգ۾


486 
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ѵ˵սѾϳԼϳأ
Դ˲ʹЩ뷨֪⵽ǲǸɺϡ
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ˣҪ˷ʱ䣬ǻǿȥ¥ɣѾȲҪƷһƲ˰սһЦζؿһ֮תߣû˿ͣ
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ǡ̫̫ô죿ûаյʵȻ⣬ǲܰ뿪ġ
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ҡͷΪܶʱʩչʱ򼸺ڿƺôˡ
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ʻսЦˣؾʦ黢˼Ӧװɣڵֻ࣬ٸ˼ˡ˵ʲôʱͽ˴ˡ
˵ưɡ۾һ˵֪սԼг
սҡҡͷ¶һĨɬ̾Ϣ˵ѽʲôסؾʦ㰡ǻ۳ȺʵˣǿƵļ˳ǸҪǺؾĻ˳ӦѾ˶ӵĳ˰ɣ
׻˵ĺã㲻㣬վʧܵʱֻҪһͺá΢΢һЦߵè̫ˣɲܸսӡ
ս˼κ󣬲һڰѾƱľȫȵʵؾʦ˵æģҵܵƣڴ֮а
ңսûиɣҿǶӵ˰ҿǴڵж״̬ģܹһȾѾǳˣƵ飬ûʲô취
ָԼıӣǱҲͰˣҪҪôɱԼҪôֻǶ˳ǣһǲܵİ


487 Ļ
ǿְѻ˳Ǹ
̲סЦˣôذҵɵӿӷѾǧزöӺҹһʹؾΪЦӮҡ
Ұѻ˳¹ⲻڿЦʲô
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սȻ֪ʣһ֣һھƣҰҰ˵˳үĳУȻǲܵģǶӿԿֻҪ̫֣ǶԴӦ
üͷһȲս˵ĻģǼٵģһдŵϢʵ̫ˡ
ҹһӦʧ˲ʱڸ޷ôıٴιԲŻѡ֡ڴӦӵߺߣʲôӵһ˵ǲģ뵽Ĺؼ
ȷҪӦϾһοԺúĥһұĺûᣬһͻû˳뵽Σ֮С
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˼ȥ˳ǣҹʲôӵĺôĺôҹС
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ҹĳܴ󰡣ǺǣӸոմĻ˳ǣѵ𣿡۾һҹԻ˳ڱصõģ
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ܺãĶˣǱһûȥ˵˵һÿ˵ڿɲܴӦˡ
սڰ֣һЦؾʦҪżȾƵģЩȥ˵ɣֻǡϣؾʦܹȥ
ҲҪȥ㿴ͼ֮ûд󣬻˳ǱҲȫߣ͵ؾΧ׷½أòûðﰡ¶ɬֶϵľƱһں£ǼҲؿɬ
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ҲΪĸȰ취סʱ붼ûһڻؾԭˡ
ȻˣǾͲżˣʦúϢɣ˳˽һǵķ羰սЦ˵ǲջȥӵߡ
Ϊʵֲ̫ˣȥ֮󣬸㲻ֻڳʲôҹʤ
ȻսԴҲһ뷨ڳͣȻڶӵҪԺܴǺβһм򵥵أ
ҶǿҳϣҵǸȴһؿˣƻûʲôˣսЦ绨ѾȥɢϢ˵ҹˣȥֻΪƶӰˡ
֮˱һĵأûǣ˳ǵˡ
㷹սʵֵܣߣȥϢɣ
˭룬ȴǰڰ֣˵ллֵܵ⣬ҾͲȥˣĴͺãҪˡ
ߣֵҪȥսЩ죬֮˵ͼʱزȥ˵Ҫ뿪ⲻǰì
ͷ˿˵Ԩ۹ӴȥתתϾԨ۹ƲǺܺð
սʱˣҲ֪ҰĺܴҪͼĿɲڣԨ۹ӴĽ
ȻҾͲˣʱϵͺãǵĴʱΪ㳨սϿҵ˵˼ԡ
Ϊ⣬˸к֮󣬱ʧȺܼĽֵϡ
ʱһӰսԣ˵ҶΣܲΪã
ãܹǺҶոˣһƥ޷ðսһ֮ǰƽͣɫص˵
ŶȻˣ֪ˣһȫĹ̶رүġӰ˵ս΢΢Щı䡣
սͷ˵õģ߰ɣһҪ
˵꣬սǲٴˣæԼȥˡ
ٺ٣Ӣϧ𣿿ϧӰӺٺһЦ廯Ϊޣƾյʧ˴ϡΧȴûһܹļƺһա
˦׷֮˺һҲ֮УŲˮŸָϢ
ͬʱҹ֮һӰڸߴ֮˵ʲô
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ˣɱ֮԰ʬ嶪ȥͼǣǶȿһǵʿҹĵ̶֣Ҫñʰ׼һαҪɹ׼ʧܣҹٴο˵ƺһεʧܺǲˬ
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˭Ͳö룬ҹĵ̰ҪȻҹ
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ս⣬ٻʵߵڳߴܶŹһ㶼ʵµ˵СС֣޷ԳнʲôӰ졣һﵽĳʵ֮սʱƻ̫ǿ󣬲֪ж޹˺ͽᱻΪƽء
ģٶȶȻͬһһǰȥʶ̽ǰһСɽǴԹľѵط
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ħˣѵ˵ҹҲһӦ˵ɨһۣĿⶨںӰϡ
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Ӱͷȷвܹ˵Ϣȫټڴ˵һˣ´ɾͲ˰
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ʱѾ뵽֮У˷ʱ䣬һڶ󷨱Ǽת
ˣмˣΧĻȻ˱仯Ӱɫһףֻʿڡ
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Сӣ벻⻹ٰߣҪΪ󷨻ܹסңӰһһĨ֮ɫ
ʵǿѾﵽ˰벽ԪӤ״ֻ̬Ҫǻ˲õ󷨾ûܹסġ
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һЦŻǺǿģ˵бɣ㾿ܲ󣡡
䣬һӣ赭дһȴ֮ڵɫ䡣
ʲôȻ˫һţ۵ɴһ˫۾ز˼顣
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Ǳضţ޲ܹеĻ㿪ϧŬ޷ⱻȼյ
ˣֻҪմȾӣ᲻ϵȼô˴޷𣬾ˮûô
ӰشϢţ˫۽ضգϵضǵضĻ档


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ӰҲЩ˽ģҲ֪ȥѰһЩĵطһȦյüëûҵκε˿
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ҪҽУʵӰ侲˵ûа취İ취ھڶĲ󷨵άֲôá
ϧһδˣҲսĵ·
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ȴǲΪ⣬һͣŶһʵòˣǾԮ᲻һ֮أ
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ϧû˵꣬ԵĺӰһĲϣԴ׷ɵ˿С
֪ȥɣҲ֪ӰĿغѾ˾أɹܲôˡ
һһ仰Ҳ˵ֱӴ߶󷨣Ĺļе˺Ӱϡ
ﻹı׷׵һɢñǺӰǣסˡ
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490 ԪӤ
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ӰĿƣȻѾħ
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ӰҲʮ˴ţŭˣغţеĴҲٿطؽš
ħ֮УҪͽӰٺһЦһѲǵѪҺеĳ̳ÿһᱬǿĹ
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㲻ɣͬܵظĹҽС
ҲҪ֪ʲôȫ㣡Ѿ˵ӣ۷Ϊ֮лǱ˼Ҹ档
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491 
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ҪʲôӰһһ֮˵ôһ仰
Ͳƽ޹ʵøһ·ãȻҪһЩ顣
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ڣҸѡĻᡣģҲżʱؿ˵Ȼôƽ·һж֮С
˫֣һ˫۾κβؿźӰƺѾһȫ͸ˡ
˰ζӰ̾Ϣһ˵ãҴӦ㣬㲻һЩֵ̫飡
İɣڷſʶ־Ҫ㽫Щ˵ǰǺӰ˵
Ӱ΢Щ۽ǵȻһ𾪵ţۣ˵ô
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Ӱͷ漴ҡҡͷ˵ݱȽ⣬ħĳ߲Щϵ㲻ɱ
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ӣţ񶼲һˣ·ڿһĴڡ
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ӰڱϾԪӤڵĸ֣ڵΪҩԭΪӴҪĻֻнЩȫյ
˫ַںӰĺϣصźԼǿʶ뵽˺Ӱߣǿеͨ˫۴ݵԼϡ

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ǿӺӰǿа뿪ϵشݵߡϽһ˪ĺûʲôӰ졣
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һӰŬԼƽѾ֪Լȷ飬ΪǴǧıħ֮УҲûܹ顣
ڣָģѹתסЩչ۾鶼仯˵ĺӰЦûкڰɣĽѷҪһ꣬ʱͿȫָˣһ֮ڣ̫ҵսٴαѵĿܡ
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Ŷ˵鰡ôش˶ЩȤʹȥο˵žҪȥȴǱסˡ
ڰ֣˫ֱǳ˵֪ЩʲôЩҵһѡ
˵ˣС˼ͷ£һһʮ˵شˣЩūѾħ˺ܳʱˣץסǵʱΪǼϸҪնɱˣҺ簡ҪȻֵɴˡ
˵꣬һĭԼһ֣߱ҪȻôǻЩ˵ء
û鷳ϾĴʽˣЩǲܵġ
ȥɡͷʾԼȥ
˵θȥһ·κ·˶һܵˡ
֮󣬳ǰǰæţһ˹ѺЩūǰߡ
شˣЩǹѺŵūһʮһ࣬һҲ٣ЦǺǵ˵ƺΪԼİЧʸˡ
ͷ˵ȳȥɣһġ
æͷ뿪ߵʱ˵һ䣬߶㡣
ų뿪ֲһ󷨣Ѻū
ָһǸӵߣ߾žһԶĴˡ
֮е˾ޱȵؿǰˣеЩ˾죬Ǹ벻
㡭˭ڣ˴ŵӿʵ
΢΢һЦʶѾЩ˵̽˸һﲢûзֽӰ
ǲʶҿǼеļ˰ЦǺǵ˵ûһ˿һΣϢ
֪Ҫʲô
ǰһȺūûһˣ⵹Щʧ
ˣǿԼĿɣ
ʩչԼò˵뵽ħݵģϳˡ
㣡Ȼ㣡
һϳ֮⼸ϳ׷𾪲ѡ
ôܰɣǶҪ֮ˣɲҪᰡ˺ĵؿ˵ǾǧڴԨ˳ȴû뵽ᱻԼ˸Ӳѹ뵽˴ߣȴűնɱ
ҡҡͷ˵ǵģҵĴûаǾȳ
˵һ̾Ϣѹûܹųȥּ֮Ȼĵػϲ
֪ȥˣ˼һ£ǿ˵
ر㽫˵һ
ԭձħݵ֮ʱǵ°Ҳˣ˳Űһ·Ʈҡ֪˶ˡҺãǽվ˳쵼ŴҼŬţһҪȥ
ˮƯʮ죬ǲŴӰӵһ֧뿪˵£¼ա
ɽǵλúԶΧĳֻаɽһūеһЩԨˣԼԨ۹õһЩҵūȥͶɽǡ
ֻǣζû뵽ɽ֮ȴǵһǱԼجΣ
Щ˶ˣڵŽһɽѰνؾ
ûʲôط̲סˣЩؿʵ
ûڶϷȺɽ֮УõĻӦûš
üͷϷȺɽ˵ľԨ۹ˮ۹ĵطؾפҲǺԶԽĵطԽǻңΪҶǲ̽顣
һİˣֻһʬ塣
ǣʲô㣿
֮һ״̬ʵ
ӦһƬĬҲǣǶһȺȴūˣʲô㣿
ҿԴǳȥǿɢȥȥͶؾ˵ЩҪȳȥģҪȻ·Ͽ϶һźźһֱӰ֮ġ
˵𣿡
ĿԳȥ𣿡
㲻ҪƭˣǸĳͲ˵ʲôôǳȥأ
ǰͲҪ˷ˣһǴ򲻹ôĻģ

һЩΣҲЩ˵
ˣ˵ܴǳȥܴǳȥüͷһšԸٷϻˡ
˶ûзӦǿʶ˲串ˣٵؽӴǣʩչǵʶ΢ĸĶ
Щٴ۾ʱǰѾָҶģѾǵ˵ˡ
ˣǸ߰ɣ˵ֳ󷨣һ˳ȥ
ʱ˶ĳ˽Ҫںʱ򣬱ֹסˡ
ָųıӣһһٵ˵ңҪǣߣ
˲ˣҲûа취ֻܿЦŵͷӦ
ٻͷʱ򣬵ȴһȺūķ񻶺


496 ˣ
Ⱥū뿪˵Σó׼ϴĵطɾ·Լʳ
ȺڴãΪ˷ܶ޺ԼǿżӲ඼Ҫˡ
Ҫֹϵս˶ںƽб緢һԺоȻðһ뷨
ҪǱֲ֪ʵʵ뷨Ļ϶ᳰЦ֪ԼܳԼɷ
ΪĿģҪ壬Ҫһûսĺƽ硣
֪·ߣǻѡȥߣΪÿһûɵġ
첻ˣ
Լĸ룬ҲǰĶ
ڳһ֮Щ˻صһĵطǴš
ҪˣҪ뿪ɣҪȥͶؾľˡǰʮˣ֪һпѡ񣬿ûа취
㿴ңҿ㣬ȻԸ⣬˵֪ʲôӵľ
ʱһüͷվ˳˵ǶǱ˵ˣû˻ǣ㣬˵ؾԣҾߣҪȥؾҪȥϵĲƽȫ
Щȣû뵽˾Ȼ˵ôԶ顣һģЩū֪ץ˶ã˻ûж˵Ļȥ˼磬սҵ˭ܹ֤ǵأ
һ˱ʣʣµ˽ض̬ˡЩûһģ˵;ˣˣʲôúµأ
ˣȫһȥѰؾ
ãҪȥҽǽȳ֮󣬲ܹһȥѰؾͷ˵ǰһϴˢԺȵʮɫ˺ܶࡣ
ЩԼȥҵԪ찲һЩ֮󣬴ʮ˴Ҵҵ뿪˰ɽǡ
İɽû˲֪ش˵ţ֮һ͹ش˳š
˳ţóһ˶ķ˶ȥ֮ѡ˷ֱ϶ȥ
УһҪҵģΪ˽ŵ
زϼּ٣Ҫݵʱҵһӣ֮С
ҹūǵָ֮£ͣ
ؽǵǷֱĵط㿴ԼܹһЩӡһ˿˵ϵĽӡָ˿
ͷӺۼϿѾСʱ䣬ӡܹѾܲˡ
Žӡ뿪ķʶչ˳еĺۼѰ˹ȥ
һѰţһ߿ٵϷȥ
ܿ죬㷢˵һʬһССļªޱȵķĹ
ڷĹԱߣطһֻͷ­
鿴һΧûȷǱɱˣֺնɱΪɱ֮˽˷Ĺ
ĸ֮ǰǼǰңһ֪Լôȥ϶ܹҵġ
һƣˣصص˵ͷʶָѰ
ҪҪչʮ˵ĻӦѾҪҵˡ
ʱһһĹȥˣڼַǰǰĺۼ
Щˣּǵûбģ޻ߵ׷ɱ
λǿɣӦҵˡ֮ǰǺ¶ʧټһ·˫·Ѿȷҵ˽ǵ㼣Ȼôˡ
ó˷׷ȥ֮ſ˵ϲԸ⶯ˡ
΢΢һЦԺһҪЩʵǾͲôˡ
ٴڿգѡ׼˷ٵس˹ȥ
һ·ϣʱʱ޸ķ򣬵ҵֻһµĺۼʱ͵ͣ
ɷڿƯţüŽµЩۼʬ壬ΧһЩźµʿ
ˮߣǵĵӲСȻɱˣҧ˵ߵٴμԱˣûмʬ塣
˫Ȼٴ˷˷Ĵ߶ŷȥ
ǵģı˷֪ؾھǻĹŴɽΧ
ʶϸضλڿлһĺۼԼԽԽˡ
ɽǵҲԽԽˣʬʱʱöԷ֡
ŽߵģжˣѹסŬԼ
Լʮˣ
ʮˣ
Ѿ˵ʬͲ֫ԼʮѾԶ뿪硣
ٵȴˣڷֵĺۼǽ֮ǰģԽԽĸ߸ߵ
磬Ҫңˣţ˷һش߶ŷϧ߶
͵ӷΧٶʵ̫ˣ쵽ޱȵķҪֲסˡ
ǰ
ǰ
һǰ
ʱ֮ǰ
һʱ֮ǰ
ˣ
˫Ȼǵͨ죬ʶѾҵ˽ǵڡ
ޣǵģѾΪޣһȺ˵ĺˮӰΧˡ
źʹİҵײԴһһ͵ģƺҪըˡ
ס֣Ȼڴţڿն𣬻һɫǼȥ
Ȼýս˫һ㶣׷ÿΪǲ֪˭ܹо˵ǿ
ΪǴûмʲô˵ķٶô죡
أ
һ죬ŵضɽҡ
ص䵽˺ˮ֮С
һʱҽȥ̳¶һޱȵӡ
Ŀ⿴Ǹ˺ۣȴڿ֣ղŻԱߵ˵һιԼѪĽ
˱ļޣ
磡ˣһеһź
ţӰʧˣΧĺˮֻòһű㷢Լ岻ܶˡ
һ̣֮ǰ֪ԼԴѾˣ
ֻţ˲䱬˳
еĺˮʿʼӴܣ޷սʤĵǰֻܹܣԼӵԽԽã
ϧûеİǻһ뿪
ڵϣˮ۹צӾĺܳûĹĥѣǾȻ׷ɱﻹܹͣǴɱ䣡
ͣ
ۣ
һˮ̼㱻նɱŵһڷӱ
һЩԶ˵ĺˮٻ˹¯غնɱһ
ˡ
΢ĲһεĹ⻪ӹ¯֮дݳȥÿһˮ˱һѪ⣬Ĳˡ
գһΧѾûһŵĺˮˣ
һѪЩնɱĺˮʿѾ˵ϵѪ⣬Ƭصķˡ
꣡꣡
ڴڵشϢţѹ֮еһ޴ʯͷڱÿˣϵͷûɡ
ʱ˽ǿն۾֪ڳԾؿԼ
㡭㣡СֵܣȻ㣡ϳղ˭ٺԼ˭ֱܹ£еĺˮ֮նɱһɶ
û뵽˾Ȼڱħݵ֮гһΣҲûгֵˣ


497 
˵ϵαװ±ˡ
ǰޱȵĽۿҪʪˣ֪ԼѾжûˣҲ֪ԼΪλڵڶμʱôĴ
磡ҵĴûоǣ˫ֱεץסô֮ط꣬˭ǼΪѵõġ
ΧЩѾϳ׷׸˵غţ޽š
ΪܹǱħݵ֮ϣΪǲܹӺˮɱ֮лһ
ǵľ˰
ʱķ٣ϱʮˣ˹뵽ʹ޵֮С
Сֵܣ㡭ôе˵ˣֻ˫ֽץס뿪һ㡣
ҡҡͷ˵磬㲻Ҫżȸ˵
Ӵָͳһѵҩһ뵽˽ָ֮˷ַ
ŽµϢˣһļʱϵڽЩ˶
Щˮ۹ľΧ׷½ؽǣȻΧʲô㲻ûдڡ
Ϊ˰ȫֿʼһش󣬾ǿ·Ҳᷢǻ
ŽǴԼҪʱܹȫָҲżԹԵڵϣʼ
ô飬ֽȾ޴Ľ⿪ˣԼҪ뵽һµľˡȻڲʲôͻͽǻûȫյ֮ӦÿԼӿһЩٶˡ
˵ʱĿ˵һգ۵Ĺʱ֮Ѿ뵽״̬УΧ˽ûз֡
ǲõģǿʶԶɢΧһʲô֮ģܹڵһʱڸܵ
ʱһһţľķű仯ȵ֮תţǰļƣӦòµʱܹȫˡ
͡
ģ۾Ŀ͸شԶڼٷ˶
еˣҲҪ˵ҪƶѵҲֱشּ֮һشĸǰҲᷢʲô׵ġ
۵һźڼ׵ĺˮʿСĵؾţϸز̽Χ͵ϵ
ܿ죬ʿȥһߣ˵ҾֶѾȫɱ˵
ʲô㲻ڸҿЦɣٸˣٸˮǿʿɱˣǵĶӳأǽʱŭܹ䵽Ⱥɽ֮սĺˮʿǿ;ḻĴʣٸˣܲŭ
ʿԥһ£ɻǸæ˵ֶӳս˶ʬ޴棡ӦиϮ˲ȫնɱж
ǽϵķŭȻһӲƺ뵽ʲôһ㣬Ȼת˵˳ˣˣ
ģȺһٵĺˮʿͬһؿ뿪ˡ
źˮ뿪غһǲҿɱˣҪȻȺһһȥūᣡ
֪Ѿ˹ָõĽ鸴ӵߵߡ
磡еغʵ֮ǰǰ㣬һ˫նۿ˵޾ıˡ
СֵܡеЩ
һЦǰס˽ֱۣ˵磬Һһ磬㺰СܾУţȫ
ؾ꣬ؽģһ
һ㶣Щ˼Դ˵Ҳô֪ģ
ʱ˶סˣŴҶ֮ǰ׵顣
лؽ֮ͻأأȹأȻȵ
лؽ֮
лؽ֮

һ߹һĺͬһѰشϵûࡣ
⡭磬ǶûʲôֵʼվЩ˶ôĿѶԼɵģĤݡ
صذ˰֣˵ؽǶ˵ˣҲץסһǱڰɽǵļϸ֪ͨ飬ؾ飬ҪȻҲôԶȥͶؾˡ
ͷˣͬҲΪλкˮľ鷳ˡ
磬ץסǸϸǲǺˮ۹ģʵȻɻҪȷһ¡
һ˵ؽ˵ĲҪŵĻҲᱻˮ׷ɱģҲʧȥʮˣ
ʮһ·ϣǰǰܹʮְ
ԭʮūɹ˳ڻŵֻʮˣټϸոʮˣҲֻʮ˶ѡ
磬ⲻĴҪ˭顣˵ԽԽԼжˡ
ҪûսĻֻнһͳһĹȣһǿĹһתţͲɱ¾ٴηˡ
ؽ˼ھҪʣµȥؾפأֻҪҵ˰Ҫû˫ۣҽҲԻԨ۹ģź˵˵Ҫ۾һģϧûҵ
۾Ȼһ˼ؿʵ磬֪ǼҴ۾ûܼ֮ܲ޽ӱ۾
ؽ˼Ǽ޽۾ķӦǳ죬֮кٻǿ۾Ψǧٹֵ֮Уиָǿ۾
ͷôʣʯͷϾˡ
һüͷնۿ˵ûмǴĻĹż֮ƺйܣҵ۾ԴĳλǿߡǵǲģѾ޷ˡҾӦÿеͨ
磬ҵһö۾ǿ󡣡ͣ˰֮ſ˵ƺЩԥ
ǵģԥˣòԥʵǲ֪Ԫ۾ڽܹܲܹĻֻᷢʲôӿֲ顣
ʲôǿ۾
˭룬ķӦʵ̫ǿˣǿҵĶһ
ʶغһ˵磬㲻ҪƸոջָ
شϢ֮󣬽ŻεЦЦ˵ؽЦˣѾ̫û۾ˣ۾Ŀҷˣϣܹһ°ɡ
ͷЦ˵磬㲻Ҫ룬۾ҾΪģֻû뵽һһ졣ˣȻҪ͸ġֻҲ֪ǷܹܵϹŴ۾
ʲô˵ʲô˵ϹŴ𣿽ʲô֣ոƽһεؼ˫ֽץסļػζš
Ϊ⣬ϵЦԽ
Ԫ֪Ƿ֪ϹŴƽ˵ͰϢظȾ˽
üͷ߲ϵظŻԪĸ֡
֮󣬽Ȼ˵ԪϹŴǿޱȣ档Ӳǿϴ󷨣һ˫ͫĿ츳ݣ
ԣȫȷԪ̲סضս˵ļ֮ӦԪˡ
磬Ԫ۾ܲãˣɴ۾Ž
ȴûд𻰣ȻЦЦ֮ضǳ졣
ζ֮󣬽ŻָѾ֮ǰ˼Ĳͬ
ؽ˵ԪҽҲЩԨԴģûмǴĻԪ۾ͬʹã⣬Ⱑ


498 
̫˰һ⻰͸˵غϲ£ˡ
õ۾ʱͿǹںϵ⣬˼ҵ˶˵ûˣȻͷ
ϲģһЦ˵磬Ⱑ
˵꣬Ӵָóһɢŵɫâӡ
ĵɴ۾˵ԣָоûдˣûдˣҵѾ˷Ӧ
ãܺãȻǽͿںϰɣһЦͲִ󺰴ˡ
صص˵ͷ˫ֲѵؽӹӣſֺϣǼ˵
һж΢΢һЦ˵磬㲻Ҫ۾ҴӦģΨһźֻõһֻ۾ûеõֻ
ؽҽһӶǷģҡҡͷһ˵
һʱҲ˵㲻ٶ˵תƻʵ磬ں۾ûʲôҪ
ͷ촽Щε˵۾ںҪܶ൤ҩܹõںϣֻЩҩ̫Ѱ˰
ͷ˵ֱӴӴָͳ˼ʮƿӣװŵضĵҩ棬òľûóҪȻ϶Щɵġ
ʶһɨʱʼЦҡͷ
ӵˣæʵôˣûҪ𣿡
Դҡεøˣε˵ǣǣ̫ˣ
ʱЦˣҪǰеĴóĻǡ
磬ЩȥҪͺãЩƿһԶȫ˽С
صصͷ΢΢鴤ţѾ˵ˡ
漴һЩ󷨣ڹؼʱܵĴš
ʱǵȴˣһ߳ⰲȫʱϢһߵȺŽĸ
ڵȴʱߣǺˮ۹ľɨ飬ûз֮еļʮˡһʱ䣬˶ֶ޲ڣмҪݵĽҪѧϰ󷨡
ϧǣ󷨲Ǽ򵥵飬Ҫõ츳ʹʱѧϰͲһܹѧõģҲֻ˼һ°һЩ֪ʶóǣҲûʲô취ˡ
ʱһһţΪ󷨵ĲߣڽָƵġ
ֻ֮ڵĽŻԪ۾ǴӰڷǰڶƿ֮óһŵҩ
ҩڼתΪȵڽڣʺϡ
̷ֵҩ֮󣬽ùӲͷ­ȻظƤһյۿ֮ڣ͸¶Źغڰ
ȺԼĪĸʱ䣬һ˿飬ؽֿۡ
ǻԪ۾·ǸܵԼһ㣬ȻһĹ⻪˸ţƺҪѽĿơ
ҺԪѾޱ׵նɱ۾㲻ûڳʲô
Ԫ˽ҽһ壬һֱ۾йϵҲһݻԵϣ㲻ҪųңϴһҵɣҽȻʧţҪ侳Ļҵľ֮¡
·ħһ㣬ȻⱩ겻ۿŶҪԱĻԪ۾
һ˿˷ܣʩչһ۾ϵ߶ԷԼͼԺúöԴȵȡ
˽Ϊһ壬պҪͬܶϢٴ˵һεüΪţƺֻҪ˵óĻܹõ
ˡ
۾΢΢һ£ȻһЩϵЩĻӦ
ᣬۿȻɴֿٵؽ۾뵽ۿУ
꣡
΢űǽ˺ѷεʹະ
üͷһ壬ǿʶ̽Уһֻֽ֮ʹ࣬ûΣգ㰴סӣĵصȺ
ʶ֮£۾ۿڿٵںϣһϸϸѪ͵˲յˡ
ʱŬشڴϢţŲεȥǰ
ִǰóһŵҩԥرȥſʼתĹڵǻԪ۾
۾֮ԽԽˣԼԼᱬĿ갲
ģǱĳסһ㣬ڵͼٵرս۾֮ڡ
ڶ̶̵ʱڼһɿݵͷӣ
⡭Ԫ۾뿪ʱ䲻ˣѵҪָԼ𣿿ɲеҩΪν绹ҪԼľѪιأüͷţʼǿЩķӡ
ܿ죬˶˫ʼŵҩЩҩھ׽һ£㱻ȥһɹɵ뵽Ԫ۾С
أɵĵҩԽԽ࣬۾Ҳ
ãŵĽȻڴЦŵ˫Ȼû
һ㶣ʶٴһ̽˲ˡ
Լ۾ΪľԼľѪ־뵽۾֮У˫֮ϵø۾ܵĻϡ
ķ̧ͷһΧڿٵؾۼĿŵĽ
ǳ׵طˡ
аʱղֹֽͣ󷨳Χ˿¶׷Χ˹Ҫں˻Ԫ۾֮ʲôӵ
ȻţƮɣǵõһ㡣
ȣ͵أȵ漴۾
ۣ
ͬǳѪҺһ㣬һһĴС
ؽʵллˣѾɹں˻Ԫ۾˵˵Ľӹ۾ĿȨ֪֮ԪǸôǿĴڡ
ݶʵ̫޴ˡ
ڰ֣Ǻ˵磬ʲôллˣ㻹ʩչһǼʶʶɣ
ãȻؽ£Ҿ׳ˣǫ˵ţɢǿŵϢʮ־˵á
վӣ͵һɣǳ۾бһâֱǰԶһʮ˱Ĵ
¡
һǴ׵ı˷ĩǴ󷽼ʮɵĵطǴݲһƬǽ塣
ۣô
찡ԭô
ǰԺǿ
Ҿ֪Ҿ֪϶ʧġ

ǷˣҲЦ档
磬ʵҲ˰Ž˰죬Ȼ˵
һ㶣һ֮̽˷ܵص˵ͷ
һǻָֿۣʵ磬Ϊβأ


499 ˫ͫ
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⻰ͿɬЦЦ˵ؽֻõһֻ۾һֻ۾Ȼ޷
ȴҡҡͷΪ֡
磬ϸظһۣܾѾʲô仯üͷ˼һº󣬻Ǿ߽
ɻԼۣȻǿյһƬûʲô
ҵʶ̽룬̽ţأϵѾ˱仯
Χ˷ǳĬס˺һɴ۾޲ð۾ŵǰϸؿ
ɻ󣬲⣬ϲã𺳡
һֵڽ¶սȻһ͵һֱŵۣ
ˣ
һĿĽɫ⻪֣ΧĿռ䶼
˵һ˶˼ڵס˫ñǴĿĹ⻪۾
ֻ˫ͬһվڵϣһ⻪˫֮ϣס˺ǽԴͷ
Ҿ;ҵĸоûд磬ǹϲ˰ͣĵЦš
ͺһ۵ý¶˵۾
ؽͨһǵϥڵϡ
󾪣æǰ˭ȴǰĲ¶Ͽҵ˵ؽҵĴԱֻҪҪҽģ
ѽ磬ǧҪֵùϲ㰡˭ܹ뵽һԪ۾ȻܹıѪŴһ۾Ĵ컯ַпǧ˵
˵ʵΪֹû뵽ۿԶ
ޱȵ˵ۣ۽ۣ֮ҽʧȥٶ࣬ҲõĶడ
磬ĻԵúðɣǵصõͷ˵
ͣһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ˣλЩþƺòˣȻʱЩˣζǲģҲż뿪ףһ˵ɣ˵űӴָͳƺͼȡ
ʱڸһУее֣ǰֵʱ˰ɡ
һף֮˷׷Ϣȥˡ˫֣֮ϵ뵽˼֮С
һȻ˹ЦǺǵ˵ؽʲôأ
Ŷ磬ˡŤͷһۣЦЦ˵ʲôʱԽս˶ϰƽ͵
ؽڣһվǻᵽģ΢΢ֿȻʮġ
һЦͷ˵磬Ժ»۵ĵط˰
İɣؽһҸ飬֪ʲô㡣ظ˵ʵ̫ˣʲôĻԼ塣
һ³еĹ⻪ɢſµ᧿ΣȻԨ˺ͺˮ˶ʱûʱ;鷳ǲġԣҪľǲϵطչзչĻᣬöеûкӹ

΢΢һʵûпǹִ˵ʲôӵĸо
ڣˣΪһƣȴһսɱŻ߱ɱˡ
ô𣿡Ȼһֱѣ浱һʱ߻ǾЩڡ
֮ͬսǺģһǣ壬ˡ
΢΢һЦ˵磬֪Ǵ𣿡
ҡҡͷһ㶼ȥʵġ
ǵĸǣ˵ķԴأѾԨ壬ˮȵִѹж⣡Ҫ尡ЩΪ֪ܶ˵˳ý𺳡
㡭˵𣿡˼ʵ
صصͷüͷһɽ壬ص˵ҪȻҲĴؾţ
ʲôҲ㽨ģ˲ɵˣŵϢ֪Ĳ࣬ɶҲ˵ˣϾɽǵǶôͱķзˡ
һЦ˵磬˵кܶݺò
ʶϸۣ˵ڡ
ģǰһֱǱֱ״̬ģʱˣʱǴĺܣʱȴôһɰɵ
˶һۣȻͬʱЦˣˬʵЦѾܳʱûˡ
ؽΰЩأ֪ܶ࣬һֱȻǲܵġЦ󣬲¡
ͷ΢΢̾Ϣһ˵˵ĲһҪȥţǿȥĹŴɽΧȥؾפأǻյӴ
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ؽȥսĻⱲӿܾͻȥҪȥҵҪΪ˳һһɫ֣ص˵һ˫ﾹȻڲɫ
ʮָ˽ô˵Ѿô鷳Žˣȴ˼ȥƫһĻϾ˷˸
ãдãұΪ󽫾л㾦֮ĽȥΪսķϵϢһգ˱
ͬһΣϥأķš
𽫾Ժұƺ㣬ҿ֮ʱұĻش֮ƣʱҲҪһϵܣΣЦݵ˵һ˫۾ͬ˵һ˳Ͽҡ
ãؽҾϲˣҽⱲˣҽһؽʧġʱɣһֶô־Լ
ܹÿһ˶ᱻʷأΪ˹Ĵڡ
ţһ⣬ûжٱȻһЩε˵
ؾפصıʼǹ̶ģ٣ڱһ֮ʣµÿأٷֳȥǧĻήؾפصķ
ԴЩѿ˵ؽҽǰҲǴ̵ģֻ⼸ʮˣҿ³ɲʲô򰡡
𽫾㲻Ҫˡ˵ʮ˿ԳΪĺĸһ·ǿ취׳ԼĶ顣ֻдԼĶ飬սʱſԸõķӳս˵ʵĵǻ˲ĴڣϾûʲôսʱͱϽġ
ԣ䵽ʱʿǲһ·Լȥ취ռһʿһЩս벻Ч
ؽİɣѾ֪ȥˣͷһ˿š
ǽû飡
߽һ˵ˣ̰ɣҹɫȥؾפرȻȥ˳ĺͰæɡԵǻټģ


500 г𱨳𰡣
ýʮֳԾ˵⻰ӱֱӰˣ
⡭ߵе̫˰ɣˣкö໰Ҫ˵ģ˼һľˣͬһŲӬһܡ
εҡҡͷתһƣȴֱѾվˣȺղŻ˯ĺļһѾ˷ܵؿŽˡ
ǡǸʲôŪͷת̲סؿʵ
ȥսɣ
ǸߣȥǾȥɱЩԨˣ
ԣɱԨˣɱ˺ˮˣ𣡱𣡡
𣡱𣡱𣡡
𣡱𡭡
ŭԽԽýڵѪҺ
ǰǵȷӦøģΪʲôǶӦǵĵȥ
ѪǷµծ
ãֵǣҽӴ죬ֵһȥսɳһȥ𣡡ֽţڿһӣʮ˵
֪ǲɺϣһһֻ۾Ȼͬʱʮġ
һ̣׵ػ˵ӵ֮ǰĿڱͺܺãֻʵˡİ֮ѾָʵԽ֮ǰʵֻһܹ뵽ԪӤڡ
ϧѾô׾ܹﵽԪӤˡ
ߣȥ׾פأһӣһϷȥ
ʱվԶһɽ֮ϣ΢Цؿһеķչ
ȻǸﰡȻɵؾ˶ķڷظˡӦ˵ƷʵϰɡˣˣʣµҲæһˣ˵꣬תߣŰɽǼ۶ȥ
ɽǵʱʩչһͨˣȻͨɽǵĴһ·Ϳ
գӰС
ǵģûдǸԹԹг𱨳
֮ǰǲִ٣ڵ֪˽Ϣ֮ˣûҹأ
ǺһƫƧĵطסóͨѶϵǺӰ档
ӰսսڵСԺʱԺߴ
ˣˣӰһĭȻ˵ڣ˵ˡ
ͷ˵Ҫү٣𣿡
ǣˣŶ٣ӰصصͷɵһֻĹﻹгμҪɱ˵׺ݡ
ɱʧܣҹδģӰûʲôøУֱӿʵ
Ӱ˹֣ѹ˵ҹǽ˵˼ûˣȻҸĹϵƽȵģǵʧܲûгԾ
ûгԾ
ɫҹɲǶӣȻʹˣֻǿϧվ̫ˣȲ־Ϻ
ǵģҹƺԾǻʧܣӰٴظ벻ס
Ȼĵͷ˼һ£˵˿ҹҪҵֽǸ
ߣôңӰԾͱȽϼ꣬һûסȻ˳
˵֮󣬺ӰͺˣεؿһۣһѹסĲȶ
ȴǺȻˣһЦ˵ӰƽҹҲô𾴰ɣӦþƾűħѹҹɣ
Ӱһ㶣ʮɻʵ٣֪ģ
֪ģӣֻҪǰ׳գֶģǱ֪ͳ˼ҵǹָĺܰһԱħҲˡ
Ӱһ仰˵ˣüͷŬѹߵŭ𣬰κƽϢ˵٣˵Ǻã
ȣȴѵĻᣬһվɣҪʱϵûϵ㣬ͶڽѼϢңҪЩ鱨ôҪʱ򣬻һĴϷһָͷֱֱָźӰЦݵ˵
ֻǺӰЦһָͷ;ƺһʲô޴ΣʵʵĻԻΪⳡΣƷ
ٷģӰһʧģ⣬ӰѾںϵˣǻὫϢ໥ͨġӰʼˣĴڶһţȻ󰡣õүүⰡ
صͷ˵ҪȥҹһȦװͺˣ𣿡
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˭룬Ȼ˰֣˵ã߰ɣͨѶϵҡ
ȵȣģס˺Ӱʵ֪ɣ
Ӱͷ˵٣֪飬ҹץѵһС
ǱʲôطֱʵͲǷ֪
ûв´ĻӦں԰ĵߡӰ϶˵Ȼǲ²⣬š
ʲôصûУһۣôһ仰
Ӱͷ˵һС·Ҫһ󷨲ܹ룬ûҹƣ޷ڲ½С
Ŷô˼һҪȥʶʶ˰˲£Ҫȥҹϱܹжôߡ
źӰ˵ͷʾû飬뿪ˡ
Ӱʩһ񣬽űٵʧ
վչһ³һ˵ѽҹȻôҲ
ϵĻȻγɣһ˫˷Ѿ׼
Ϊ˰ȫСԺ뿪뵽Ⱥ֮УǷ˸Լ
ףȻֻ˸٣һıܹǺܲһԳ˵ɲǰʲôС׳ˡ
뵽һͬߣһԾһݶϱߡ
صȴʮʱ䣬͵ȵӰ뵽Сߡ
ٺ٣վ˰ٺһЦ˫ԽϬؿˣȫڲݶϱߡ
˽뵽С֮Ҳû˵ϸһĺۼ֮󣬱һתҪߡ
ţô˲һ㶣űЦһ
һ̣Ѿӿڣֲһ󷨺ͷһڵ󷨡
˭ΪʲôҪס˵ȥ·⻹ûп˵أǱ߾Ϳʼȸ״ˡ
ǺһЦ¶һغƣ˵¸ոյǣλЩ£ҪΪʲôһֱڸңʲôǣ
˶һۣŹͬʱһЦ˵֪Ǿȥɣ


501 Թ
⻰û£˵ӾѾˡ
ˢˢ˼򵥵֮󣬱˹ȥ
٣ȻҪܣϷݵĿǲܲģȻһЦ˵ķӦЩԾ
ϾڵʵҲǽڣֽںڵĸָûжôв
ʱ˿̣ͬʱһ㶣סӣΪǷǰӿѾ޾Ĵ󺣣ǽ뵽˻þеıְ
ͬ˵ںɫɴ֮µ¶صı顣
ڰ֣˵Ҳû벻ҲҹȻųˣ˵ɣΪ׷ʲôűųģ
üͷͬʱ壬ϵϢһ仯Ȼǿҵɱ⡣
ʱˣ֪ԼĲ²ûд
ǺӰļпҹµһЩǿڵϢбʮó׷ٺʹɱ֮ǳΪԹ顱
Ȼܶ˻Ϸҹ
ҲΪʲô˵һ䡰ˣҲΪһ仰ȷ˵ݡ
˭˭Ϊʲô֪ǵ飿Թͬʱ˵˵ͷʽһģһ
һЦҡͷ˵ֻһ·ˣܺ澿ʲôڸңҲŻҪǰ˵ʵ֮ǰĲ֪˭֪ˣҹ
ŵЦǿŵĺУһԹɫ죬ŭĴ֮С
㣡ŭߺ˱ֱӳ
ʱˣ֪ڼϷĴԼˡ
ˢˢ
Ӱ˲ǰȻûܣҪֽնɱ
úãʱ;˷ˣͬûս˵ϱһ㡣
žžžž
Ҳֱ˵ķ񹥻
ÿһηͽһУʮּ򵥣ÿһεõЧǳá
˫ٵؼ֮˵ͺһȻͬʱ󳷣任Ϊơ
ôˣǲǺѵϷڷ̵ԼҪлþҪǶ㶨Ҳô׵ġ
ϾǣŲٸһĲǿѰĻ飬ʱҪٴ¾Ͳ˰
Ҳ˵Ĭʮ֮˾ͬʱӻͳźŵֱ䵽߿֮С
ء
һźŵȫɹ䣬˵¶һĨɡǼȻ޷ɵǾٻǿְɣ
ʱҲż֣˫ֱżһЦݵؿǡ
ôʲôֶξóɣҾǡЦǺǵ˵г
˶һۣһʱ䣬ȻѾʮʱ䣡
ڣźŵһ֣ڰ˸֮ڱض˵֧Ԯ
ڡ
Ļþٴ˵ŭ˲ȫһβһеس
˵ûдղźŵ飬ûþɹӰ죬ԼֽźŵУʵźŵ䶼ûзѾˡ
֪ô࣬ѹû뵽һʵǲˣϱ֮ߵ衣
Ȼǵվԭأ˵ĹԽԽۿžҪˣ˸˷ܺͼĹâ
صһ⻪ǲȺĻ壡
ɳȥ˵壬ͬʱƽȻҪһ㲡Ҫ
¡¡һҴ֮󣬹⻪ɢȥ¶˺۵塣
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˶һۣЦ˵㿴һˣ
һˣ˭ꡭɻһ³һѪ
ҶۿΧĻѾָ֮ǰСӣЦ˵ôһ֡
ʲôȻҶɴ۾ز˼˵ϵϢǻ
˵һºñ˵֪̫ˣ㻹ȥɣ
˵꣬ƥĹ˻ڵϵҪըƬŸˡ
¡¡
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񣬳
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㣬۸ˣ
ζû뵽ǣ˵߳ĻﾹȻ
ããô˵Ѿûʱ˷ȥˡˣʲôӵⶼܹ
һֻץסһԴͬʱʩչ˳׵رԼĿܣͬʱԺеļȫƲĶһ
ҹȻ֪ôࣿ϶ǲ򵥰ɿ˿ס˵ɫ
ԼһֱСǸҹԺݳֵʱҹǸ˵
ϧ⼸˵ԴߵõϢҹôһڰĻǣ׽ȥʰ˵ϲģ
ԴӴɱ֮֮ҹѾжд̣ûа취һʵǿͷԸǿĴڣһ˼Ҷӵˣ޷ͻ
ԣҪڻûȫĳ򣬱㽫նɱõ֮ҪʰͲôˡ
ҹһֱ˰еԼȥǻȥͼǣȥʲôطǷصأ
òϵǣҹĵİʮֵλģ֪ĸ֣ϲ𲻹ҹġﲼ޵Ⱥĵ
ߣҺ㹻ҪȻĻᱻǸƭ˰ƲƲֱͣƵظоʵ̫ˣҪһҹ
ǻȥɣǸ飡𣿡Թ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
˵뿪һǵģǽĻ֪ҹǸʲôȻ֪ҹĲֵϸ㲻Ӳܣһﾡ˰


502 Ϻ
ڵʱˣ
ɫɭҹǸϺ꣬ʱԽ࣬ͻĻ׼ʡ
ҹȻôңҵȥúõذݷһˣ΢΢з۾һǣȴųĻᡣ
վһʱ䣬ʶͬһž޴Ƕڵдڶ˸
ҹڵȷǸڶ࣬ǵʵͲһȼģڲ֮ܵ£ڱΧʱУʶȴԶԶسԽˮƽ
Ǽʶ̽һҹСһ
˼ƻЦݵҹȥ
ţڳûúģѾһˡ
һ򵥵ӣһͨĲܹͨӣϱ߿µĺۼ΢͵ƺѹȡ
ҹֵĴԺԱߣվഩŴ綼ˡ
ǰôûм㰡ովãԱ߾˹ڨˡ
˫΢΢һžͻָ˻ǵģߣ˵磬ǸģʵǲˣҪȻҲֻư
˭˵أҼĸֲˣܹǮһŻԪĻĸ׾ͻᡭ
ˣıﳶˣĸ˶ˣϲϷأԱһЩ͵˵һƺڼ¼ʲô
εЦЦ¶һʵžûġ
Ǹ˵ɣʲô֣ģ¼ôƲƲͣм˵
ͷ΢ɳƵصͳ˵˼Ҷϻ
ϺߣӺԴպ˵ȷûʲôˡˣŰɣһ˺ǽȥɻģ˲мذڰ֣򵥵ؼ¼һ֮󣬱ٵ뿪ˡ
ɵЦ˼£ղźԼ𻰵ˣʵֵܣȥ߸ɻܸǮ
٣һģԵû˵ȻѾûթƭܵļһ޷Ȥ
ʱǵûЦǺǵ˵һ갡ǹˣǹˣ
⻰˶ʱֱŤȥԴԸˡ
ҪЧ
аЦʵʵصȺ
ûаʱղǼ¼ٴγˣֱӶ
һֱˣûģе㲻ˬ
ˣһǡţǸϺ㣬ôϹˣ
˲䣬ˣһﻹԼɸɵӿ˰
ûа취˭ùԼװ˸еأ
һʮˣʣûеһȺ鲻ˬ뿪ˣеֵ˵ʲôɵӶѡȫȴûлᡭ
һӵһӺöЩ̲סҪˡģӲ浱Ǹè
ãҹûиᡣ
ˣǸϺˣ˼׳£ҲǸ׳գҪҸᣬܹҹߺߣ˿˵ߺָֻŵģüͷֱ
ԣֻɵЦ
ˣǶͦˣҹܼңҪܼңסˣǵܼңרŸЩ˵ģʱǵеˮغͺߵЩණʱʱðʬ嶼Ҫ񣬻кܲĽ˵ֺ˻ҹĻᣡܼһԵذע˵˳Ťͷˡ
ʣµʮƨ߶ƨ߶ظţһ߶СغشΧĻһ̵õȴԺĽ
ܼҴһƫƧĵطΧһʿţǵʵľȻǽڵġ
üͷһ쵽һԵɱһƣǰڵʲô̡Ҳ˵Լɵϻ
ԣϺǸţƺϻ
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ҲȥΧһСɵ󷨣ܹģԼһЩ仯
ߣҪǲдǱˣŪһϴɣǹͼġһԼкְܶ취Ӧֵͼļ顣

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ͨ𣿻˵⻹һЩأ
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˵Ŀĵغܿ͵ˣһƬСռ߰Ķأ
⡭ô
˵Ŀⶼܼң޲ֱ۾ˡ
ţǿûдڵĻҽȥƯˮϵණŵϱߵСϣȻߣ죡죡죡ˮĥߴľֱӹܼҵĻһӻðɣһɹһˮһ㳹׽ǵŭ
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һתƣ໵һɤӾͺ˳˺ѷΣ޵أ谡жҧҵƨ˰Ҫˡ
һӣ˶ʼܣǱҧ˽ѾӵҲԼʹĲҽںˮˡ
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ȥȥܼʱܵ˰ߣǼ˿ϰ˵ģһѾӽԷȥǸоˬز˰
ܿ죬Ǹҧ˽Ѿӵ˾ͱһȺˮе޸ûˣֻʣһ̲ѪҺˮƯš
һĻüͷһ
ϣҵƨˣҵĶӱҧһڣҡƴĺţȴǲɱرһͷ;޴ˮ޸ˮס


503 Ǳ
ޣɵӾɵӣԼҪι㶼֪
ˮУֺܼǺǵЦ˵ǼƺѾϰΪˡ
ָܼͷЩûбԵ߻ˮļһǣͷ˵ˣǶɣ
ʱûʣ˷׷Ŷ£Ѿڽĵطˡ
λоΰǲǺܴ̼ܼҺٺЦ˵ĳô̼ôĿ
߸˴ڴڵشϢţΪ촽Ѿ÷ϣ˵ɥʧˡ
߰ɣ߰ɣȥȪܼһӻ֣߸ٺĿȥһĿء
ʱҲ֮ǰˣľǿ뿪ȥ
Ⱥ뿪ˣʣǽƽĺˮ
ʱ˿̣Ѿˮ޸̵˶ߣڹ۲޵อء
üһҹѰ๤ģιģ߷ߵ˵ôûбŪôҡ
ʶɨɨǵЦŨˣ֪ⲻιģɸ̿͵ģ
ߵˣ˱ȥ˲ͬĵطʣǴһˮأö룬˿뷨ˣҪȻҲᱻֱӷΪѺ̿ˡ
ҺҷӦ죬û¶ĶߴţԳһ仰֮󣬱˼ҵĶߣĬĬصȴ
Ҫȣȵ߻ûļල߶Լ׵طģҪȻǹһˡ
ʱһһţһʱȥˣʱȥˣȺʱ
ȺһԻǺðڶߣѵҪ߶ҹ𣿡ƲƲֻͣر۾
С֮⣬ල߶ѾϰΪˣÿεְǼߣܹҹڵ˽дɱ
һۣʱ䡣
Ǽල뿪ˡȻ۾һֱӴ޵˳ͷ޵Դ
޹๾ð˼֮󣬱ˮ渡ȥٿˮʱһƾ

ȻԾˮ棬һˮֱڵߡ
һͬһڿеʱѾϵˮˣһѾĳصȴš
ͨ
صˮ֮УǼලܵľţæ鿴ȴʲôûз֡
ģȺû¶ϲڡ
ˣֲһˣһҪˣǻǿ뿪ɡ
˵Ҳǣʱ͹Ƕ࣬һĲ֪ܹж˻ΪͰ
ͣЩ˵𣿡
ˣˣ߰ɣǷˡ

˿ٵȥǵ
ͣҹȻֹ뵽ϬɨǺˮ߲֪жͨ˳ǵʳ
ǰǳ࣬ЩʹȻְͨ취һʿܹ˵顣ǰһ͵ĴҶ֮㲻ˣҶ䷢ֹһͳ֡
һͳ֣ͱҪ͵˶Ҫ
ֻǣ׵ҹҪбҪнģҪʵǺǿʲôôأ
΢΢ҡͷԼĺѵǰҪȥҵҹĵΡ
ʶ΢ɨһ飬˿һˣһ׳˶ˣɫ΢΢ơ
ͬһسɵŪһû˵ĵطָһҶ֮˱Զ
ȻûκεĻΪΪ˲ԼжһЩܣǿܹܲάܹĲȥ
˵ҲǺһ׮ˡ
ʩչ˵ģ̵źԺȥ
ͨ˵ļ䣬û㹻ȨޣֻߵԺȥǺԺмλøûа취ȥ
ܹĳ޼ļ֮⣬ֻǸֺһթܼҡ
Եְܼңٺ١ٺһЦνǲֻʱ򲻵
Ҳû뵽ôܹȥܼˡ
û˺סɵܼ͵Ķأôʲôûãʲô
̧ͷһƣͬǸˣֻܼҵĸ
һתƣѧɵ˵ҡұҪȥɡܼҸæ˵ܼҿԵȵȣԣԡ
Щ㹻ˣ˵֧֧֮һ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
˶ʱŭˣǸƣûжƴļϸûʲôо
СӲǰɣܼܼɵӣȥö˶ʱһ˵֮룬ˣȥˣԼȥãȥܼҰæɣ
һûᰡԴѾ뵽˸ͼӴ׵ذܼҵ˵ܼˡ
ܼƽŹˣ֪ǵ˶ˣЩ߼ǺȻ
ããɵЦЦ֮ǰȥ֮ǰɵû
һֱţûа취ɵǸҪȻҲᱻ۸ˡ
аʱܹߵ޵λáܼҵСԺӡ
ߵĹУʱʱöһʶɨͣһ֮󣬱뿪ʶɨʱûʲôɣ漴Ĳࡣ
ɵʲôܼҸոæһ飬վſɹ̫һ㿪ʵ
ֿͣٺٵɵЦ˼͵͵ҿ˿ܼ˵ܼģ
ܼң
ܼüͷһƽܼһֱôԸɵԼʲô
ܼҵı飬һ֣˵ܼңܼҸû˵ĵطһ飬˵ǳҪ飬кô˵ҹû˻ỳң㡣
ܼӿˣΪ˵ʵ̫ˣĶҪ棡
ܼҵͷһûˣ뵽ߡ
Ϸܼ֮λϣ˵ˣˣ˵ɣʲô飿
ͷǰ˵ܼĶ˵
ܼһ˿񣬲Ҳ֪϶ܼҵ·ˣͷˡ
ƵܼǰӣſܼҵĶ߶ϣ˵ܼң̫ˣ
ܼһһҪվȴԼˣǰǸɵɵùЦݿԼ


504 ˮµ
㡭㵽˭ܼˣΪʵͲˣǰɵʮֿ¡
ܹǿеˣָжΪأ
һЦ˵ģ
ܼҵɫ˲԰ֽ־޷ط
𡭡ɱңҿװʲô֪ҪʲôҾԻԥظãܼѾˣڵӹĶôôԸȥ
û˵ֻ΢΢з۾ܼңҪһұ
û˵ܼҸǻˣڶԴ˵㲻ɱңҸ϶ûг𣡡
˵㲻Ǵ˺ܶȥι𣿡һЦ¶һڻͲǺˡ
ܼ¶ɬ˵ֻǷаЩ˴󲿷ֶˣʣµᱻ͵ˮµȥҲ㣬Ƕȥͣ
ͣߣҹƴ֣ͲҪͰɣ롣
ҹҪҪЩиƻģҹΪ˰ѻ˳ȻҪЩȥġܼæ˵⣬ὫֱӸɵˡ
һˣѹҹôʵûżȥػ˳ǣʱҲûţӦڷ׼š
ҪȻսҲԼ̸ʲôˡ뵽һ⡣
ȻôȣǾͲٱQһΰɡ
˵ˣ뵽˼֮УܼҰһ˵Ǹ㣬ܲܰҴˣһʲô֪ģ
ʱˣ⵽ǸʲôⰡΪԼȻôס
ãİɣҲɱģһЦץסܼҵԴԥʩչ
ɥĲĶԲֵġȻҲȥնɱһҹп϶ܼҵĻƣܼˣȻһӰ죻ɱˣȥݺ
һ߽䣬һʩչֺܼҡ
ҹܻǹడǸˮߵʲôǺڴ˫۾ţཱུϹճһթЦݡ
ûа취ܼҳıǺܼթЦôÿ޷ıϵȱݡ
ӱҹҪúܶడϵ⻰˵ûдܹôɥĲ飬Բֻռ֮ˡܼҵԴҵ̫ڰĶЩٶҹԸġ
ȻҹĶµıɽһǣҪˣܼҽǸΧĹܼңĴڣ֪黹̫ˡ
ٵʱ䣬ܼҵ˴֮£˯Ѩ˯ϸҹʱһоͻˡ
ˮΣϣǻɣһԼظܼ֮󣬱Ÿһҡһεȥ
һţǳɤӺӣأӹ
ˡ
һصĽŲһЦݵغӱ˹
үʲôԸһֱͷ˵ǸߴЩҲ̶á
صͷӵļ˵ӰҿţҪȥһ˺Ժүȥŵ飬㲻ñ֪ѾԺˣ𣿡
ףףϲү˰ӵ۾һҹߴʱȻһ
ҹԽ࣬ǶĿУԺķչ࣬ΪܼҵĸȻܵĹˡ
İɣӣҺúû죡ˣˡĶӵļһģˡ
ӿŽԶȥЦ绨ݺݵĶ˶Ѽӣˬޱȵ˵ôģֵҪͷˣһҪܼңӵҡǮ
˵꣬ӱʰ飬ü۵صһְĿŹ
ʶӵһбֶУЦЦ֮飬ʲôط˭ҪøĲƸõõʱˣŻУҲ顣
һ·ǰУϵĵΧ˶ڲ²ǲʲô£ȴʣֻȥܼҵǰʸãӡ
һܼҷɻڴˣҲܹһѣЯһѰ
ܿ죬ͨһ飬˺Ժſڡ
ܼңղŲǲôˣԺȫĺЦǺǵ˵ܼȻȨ޳ԺҪû㹻ɣҲǲеġ
ܼҵͷ˺ӣ˵ү飬㡣ֵܿţߡ
ӵķӦһģһʱվֱӣֺЦݵ˵ܼ˵ﻰǵĵط߾ߣ⻹ö˵
˼üŪۣЦЦ˵˰֮Ž뵽Ժ
Ժߺܰʮֹ죬·ûһĺۼ
ߵҲ࣬ںڰĵذϱǰزϵز̤ŲӣķռһյĹŵ˶ȥ
ûа취ҪԼĻòܹɡҪԼܼң׳һļһÿһͨĵذͨҪһյĹ
׹ȥ֮һѶͷϵĺˮĺˮ֪ôȴƫƫҪװ֪ĥǸ
䣬ʮලߣÿһǽ𵤺ڣҹĺݰ뵽˳ŵذǰȥ
ܿ죬ӰʧһСɵļɽ֮Сɽ׵εڴｫܼǰһţűһŻش򿪡
һĭС˽ȥ
һʮȽǵֲܴͨܶͣڣ·û쵽·

ģӻ谵ǰԼԼشһҽҵĽëȻ
ҹѵĲĳͷ𣿻˵һѾɥĲĵزüͷššСذܼҼе·߻ǰš
ڵת˲֪ٸаʱһ˵ĵط
ڴվˣ֮ϸؿһۣ˵ܼңˣ
ֵˣү飬ææܼЦǺǵ˵
ҹ֮иĵĹ涨ܹˮµй˱ڵϵľ󲿷˵ȨΪȨնɱΪвκˣ
ǵģκˣվڹ߶˵һЩ֮ģܼڵκˣ
˲ͷϵĺˮÿһܼˮµζŵһ亹谵ɭĻʱʱĿֲҽĵ׷顣
û˵һѶңǿֲĲҽǴﴫġ


505 
ҵ찡ôôҰһǷʲôˣ
ӰѶҵſڣʷʵסԼͣȺͶĵؿǰѪģĴڡ
ᣬʶʼ̽ˮ˸һ
ελõȷں·ҪΧıԵ˸ʶ̽ĲϣԾվǰʶ̽Ļҳʲô֮
ǳһ´ԼнǧСηߴηѺⷸˡЩѶʲôĸǶ
ҹҹû뵽㾹ȻôݶԼҵ½˾޴ĵΣѵͲ»ᱻ𣿡޵ô߹Ѻķ˶Ǳҹѹȵģ˻Ѿû
ĥ˵ֶαȻܵĳͷֻʱˡ
ʶֻǴԵһ̽Щη֮϶иʶ;С󷨣޷ƽġ

ǰڱĥһҽдһ£æʵ˵ֵܰҪʲô˰ɣôﰡѽҶȥˡ
˭룬ڱĥ˾ǿЦس³һѪˮ
ѶѪˮסܼܹѾ˵ˣǿɲܼܵ衣
ֵл˹Ļ쵰ɣ֪ߣĹεĶѧܼҵ˵ģʮֱ档
ܼҿˣ֪ʲôСӴҲ죬ûˡ޵׳ϴŰͷȻڿ˵Ȼġ
һЦ˵үǸѣҴ㻰ĵûʲôˡ
飿ǸؾߵļϸԾͷ׳Ȼ֪
֪
ͷ׳ͷָָǸѾû˰ļһ˵ඣǾСʲôû˵ԾˣͺӲʲôû˵
ٺ٣˵˵˰źŮζܺãˣ¸¸¸¡һԵľݰӻЦ˵ϵЦ˶
һ⻰Ѫ˱һҪɱǣҪɱǣȺ
ϧӦǸӲЦ
Դˣûôֵ飬Ů
Ƕͺһֲһ󷨣Ȼˡ
飡
Ź˵Ӷ߳˰أ°ͣԭλãϰȴѾݺݵײǽϡ
ɱˣŭ˲䱻й˳ȥҲЩˡ
ղΪʵ̫ŭˣȻûпסȲпֶնɱ
㡭㾹Ȼҡһ΢Ǹղŵͷ׳һû
Цһָƽ֮һǰָǵԴϡҪͷ׳ûʱ򣬽ԺеϢƹ
ܿ죬ɿѾͷ׳Ц˵ҹ㾿˶ٶ°Ҳеˣ
㡭㵽˭סѪ˿ʵϵ˿ûΪһϢܵӰ졣
ǰĿ˶ָһһŵҩ뵽İ˵ģѰɡ
ߣôܣʶ˸ûݵʶʵ˵㵽˭˾ǾĺܣץĹؼ
ʱЦˣͽȥָ˱壬˵Ƕؽ
ʲô
˶ʱɵˣΪˣβ֪ؽ˭
ǰľؽ
˲ͱ϶ˣҲ֪ؽû˸ҵô󣬶һ˴ҹ֮УΪֻһˡ
ؽؽ𣿡˶ʱˣҪɸһˤ˵档
Цһ˲֪ĥ˶ˣѾ˱ıԵȲҪ˵Ҹĵҩָһʵ
ؽľ֮ԻرԸΪЧȮֻ֮ͣǣڵﱻסˣ޷ҩһ˵˵ɫذ
һЦ˵İɣû⣡
һַУһеĵﴦһģڵڵһȦͽӡƽˣ˳ŻһµҩĻָӿٶȡ
л˵ǿ϶ˣΪֻܹô顣
ͷһξãеؽͲؽ޵еĴڣ
ڰ֣˵㰲ָȥĵطһ뿪
Ȼûĵػָ
Ȼռܴ󣬿ɿصȴǲ࣬˶ѡ
Ϊ˰ȫȥŵĿظʰˣԼĿܣǷʲô׵ĵط
һУ㻺ŵȥһյͨͨηԼԼܹߵ˳ʲôģ
ҹҪ㵱Ҫĵˣһ˫ȭ߬ýء
վڵһηԱߣûкķѶ㽫ηĽƸˡ
ηոմ򿪣һӰȻȥǱһ
۾һɣһ˵ӱһ٣Ӳ赲סǰ
Ҫɱ㣡ҪɱȺ˵˷ţ鲼˺ۣ֪ĥٴˡ
ȴһû뵽һԼȵ˾ˡ
֣ġ˵漴˿ơ
ſĳ࣬ȵ˵㡭㾹Ȼˣ
ҽ˵ϹŵЦ˿˺
üͷ˼˰죬ǾֺϤκȻɴ۾һɤҿؽҵż񰡣ҵˣؽ
һ˲䣬׳סˣǳЩĺϡ
üͷסҪһĳ嶯˵û㡭ɿˡ
Բ𣡶Բؽĵһ;Ҫˣ벻үȻּ㣡Ц˵ϵˬѾ޷ˡ
һЦָָЩŵηʵҰЩηһ򿪰ɣһ˵Ļ̫ˡҪעһ²Ҫˡ
˭֪Ȼɫһ䣬˵ؽ첻µز£ɾ±ߵˣһţƵĴڣʵͲ˼һеİ
ԽȥЩηڹѺķ˵ʵԽߣǵﱻӡסˣɵƾǿܹŪˡ


506 
ðɣһԵŰɣſǡͷĽ𵤽֮һԵš
ΪʵȽҲû̫鷳ûܵ˺
һη⿪ηӡٶȼ죬һܹ⿪һðˡ
һϵͷηķˣÿһζҪȳֽԷסܹһ
һԣû˵˸Լ󣬶Щͷųķ˽нͣ˵ݺǵʵ
ʱͷŵķԽԽˣ˽֮󣬶ܰվԭλã˫۾ؿ
ǵ뷨֮УⱲӻ군ˣôһǵϣµȼˡ
λѾηˣԽߣ϶û˽µĺۼ߰ˡ
֪߹Ѻŵʲôǿ߰ЩڴˣԽߣηĽԽǿ󣬲˵ʲô⣬ɱˡ
ڰ˰پʮη
ھŰٶʮη
ھŰپʮŸη
ŰپʮŸηгˣüͷһλߣһͷ׷ݵƤͷѾܹˣֻʣһӵתš
˵ץסߵֱۣһȦջ֮˵ĵѾָˣǵҩ̷֮ûˡ
ٺ٣ޣܲ㲻ö˵ˣѾˣţӦǾŰپʮűˣߺٺһЦɳƵ˵ɳƣȴûëȻĸоһͣһݴ顣
̲סض࿴һۣڵοصļҲûߵϢ
֪ǰǣɫʵܹߵпණǺҹǿա
߹һЦͺһȻٵΧǵҩǱһ˲յˡ
ʱԱ˺Ȼǿ

üͷššû˵ôһΪʱ䲻ɡ
ʱ֮ǰ˵˱㽲νжôǿ
ڳʱѾн۷ΪˣǶڴ˵пܽ뵽ԪӤڵǿߡʱǱǵ۹ίϷˮǣԴΪγɵϷݣ赲Ϸκεߡ
ÿһߵʱеľЭ˴ȥûʧ֣
ҲΪԭŽشԨ۹ͺˮ۹Ժա
ϧվǼʲô飬߷ѾĻڽУ·ϳʮλ۷ǿߣ󷨽סˡ
һ춯صս֮㳹׵ʧϣ˶ΪѾˣ˭û뵽ҹĵ֮УȻܹ
٣ǿûУľѧ߾ݵ˵ȻͱҲ٣ϵĿȳΡ
˰Σͣ˫ٴʱǾ˸ƾˡ
벻ôԺ˼ǵţϧŶѾඣһֿۣ˿ͷ˵ܺã˵ϣ
ǰˣΪ御һˡǫ˵˵Ҳһֻǿϧ˼ˡ
ڰ֣˵߻һηߵ϶ܿ£ȷҪ𣿡
˵µĴڣǾжôأ
ѵԪӤڣ
˶а²ţЩڴȥ򿪣ЩĻܵ˺
һЦָָη˵ǰ֪߹Ѻŵ˭𣿡
һ϶ţ֮ˣһǸӣٺһЦɵ˵ֻϵ΢ȴ
ͷ˵ҹĵˣǵѣǲѳֵģǳˣҲẦ¡
仰һ˵˶Ĭˣ͵ص˵ͷͷˣĸǶĿ¡
ߵһѺ˵ηԱߣֱ㿪ʼƽơ
һɫһ䣬˵ãƱˣǱ̵ʱ뿪
һӣһǧ˱Ƿ˶ǳɤӺҪɱȥ
ͷ˵ãǵһҰһ˽ȳ
ˡ
΢΢ţɢ΢ĲѶȾȻҪ˺ü
֪ߵĵǸʲôﰡϣ˷̫ʱ䡣üͷһšűȫĵͶ뵽Ӵ֮С
֮ͺһȫȻһգʶջصһɶ
һ죬Ƿӡ̵󷨱Ƶˡ
͵ͨüһЩԾؿû뵽ƾȻˡ
û˵ûΣգһûˡ
ȿȣҪ𣿡һͳɳƵؿűһ࣬Ļ
ǰȥģΣһ뿪ɡüͷȿڱݣصϼһͻȻϮʱҪͶûлˡ
Ŷˣôѵ˵ѾԨ۹ţԡԺΧĿʼ
Ũܵʲôһؾۼ֮ǰѵʱҪˡ
϶˰֪ûðˬʵЦ߻ûгֵϢһ١
ߣȻҲûһڣڵ˶ʯˡ
꣬⵽жôǿʵܹ˵Ļﰡ
ٵϺ֮ڴһǴűǽŲƶ
һСӰǰһ㶣žͷӦ˹
֪Ϊʲô˵˲ˣΪһͷԨ˲ŻеͷĸǱһҪСĶֻ࣬ӳûʲô
Ѫ
Ѫôɺϰɣ̲סƲƲͣ˺Ԩ˽֣֮ȷǲײġ
ٺ٣ܳԾɣܶ࿴ģˣΪԾԼ˺ٺһЦһ˫Ӷһۡ
΢΢һЦûʲôĵģܹɱ
һԵ˻𣬳ɤӺƾǲǱ¿ˣոհ㾾һף
ôһܣѾþûдһˣе
һЦԭһֽƾֵͦһ֣Ϊһ֡
λǰҾҪܵĻȥʰЩˡһЦ浣һ͸
ʱЦŲӿƾ˵ôҲҸһΣ
㣿翴˭ɱĶࣿǿ˭ǣƾʱһھǰ¶ŵϽֹ
λǰǲҪɱĺã˶ȫ뿪ɡţǿֱȥ˳ǣѾؾˡЦǺǵ˵Ѿϱдۼˡ


507 ôһˬ˵ã
˳ǶˣСӣҾ֪һ⻰ʱ˷ˡ
˳Ϊ֮һҪȻö˵֮һˣǾ൱ƿ˵̰ӵһȱڣʣµָտɴˡ
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һһˮϵļΪĬ
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˼ͬʱԾ𣬳ĵΡ
һЦ˵ǿ޲ڣޱȵˣһ֣˵ֵǸҳ壡ֻҪ˵ǣǾɱ
ɱɱɱ
ɱɱɱ

ɱ˲䱬ըտˮµζԵӵ
һȣڿԾ뿪Ρ
ʱ˿̣ҹѾҳһţ
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ѾûпĳˣڵѪҺ·յٻһ㣬ٴηųɱź
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ٺһЦٵԣ˵ǰˣһеû꣬ǣͽˡ
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ҹϹͿ˽ͣιǧˣյһΣձضȴ㹷ͷ
ضһ飬ʮص˵ͷԼЩﶨȻҹѪġ
תҪߣܾûʲô漴ͣ°˼
žһһָϵЦԽаˡ
뵽һķӣּдطܹ˺٣Щּŵ˶ܹĵطأ
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ҹһֱ鷳Ȼ֪ҶԼҹ˵İ취ҹĴ
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źƺƵȺȥصͷӿٵƶ
صǣǵĴ뿪


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͵ͼֻʮصĳǽһѾ˳ǽɽԸһĸߵأܹ︩ͼǵĴ
ʰղŵķѪһͼߣһŸٴζԻ
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˵ǶӺҹĳһЩһɽݿܣҲԻ˳֮ġ
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ڣΨչ˲ӵĳǿʵܹЩ֮ġ
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ǿ񻶰Ŀ죬ֱ죬ҹսɷӴ˵˫Ϊĵ⡣


510 еһ̸
֪ͼǷ̸жУȻԼְλߣзȨģܹöʹ¾ĵȴɷ
ԣе̸ȨȫɷʵҲ½Ȩһʵ״̬ʵ֡
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⣬ͽ뵽ҵ̸лڣ⡣
˳ѾǱΪҹսƷˣûءǣڶ˶õĲϣ˫˼ҵĽ档
ɷʨӴ󿪿ڣ˲غϻصս֮⣬ҪԻ˳ǽʮ˰Ϊ
ս첱Ӵ֣˵ɷûгҪۡʮ˰գǼֱûеߵ١Ҳ˵ҹռݻ˳Ǻ󣬰װװʮĻ˳øӡҲǲܴӦġ
ɷʮ˰ϣֵĿܣʾֻſֲ˶Ĵۡ
һڣ˷һʱ䡣
ţ˰չڶʱɷһµѶӵ˰潵ʮ꣬սʾĽû취ܡ
ԼжϵģӸĵʮ꣬˫Ӧ֮ϵʵЭġ
ǣָߣ˫ǽųƤһ̸С
˰̸еĵ죬ɷ޽˶ʮꡣսʮֳϿҵӣϣɷٽûҹ
̸֪нӽβˣ˫ѾѸԵ˼ޣڲϵ̸̽£˫Լĵߣƺܿͳˡ
˵죬ڣ˫ʮ˰չӵϴһ¡̸ҲлĻ
ӽʮ̸УɷѶȥˣսλܳĽ죬ҲһȦ̸ж˫һǿġ
˫ǩЭ飬˹ͬ
ɷĹǸһˣսȴǻý̸ΪھЭϣսø
ͼǷ滻ˣҹ棬ս
ľƻû̸ôࡣսⷽͳ֣ϣо˵һ¡磬˫˵һɣܹܿЭ
ֻаʱ䣬ͺսƶЭͬˡ
ĳɹɷصͼǡ
̸еĽǱȽġйЭͬоı棬ΪͼǷָӣʵɵЭ顣
ͼǷؾ֣ڷ湩Ӧȵȵȵһϵм̸顣
æʮ죬ڽӵǷϢɶԹ˧ʦָӵͼǷƺƵˡ
ǰģ׵½裬½ǧǰɽ·ˮš
ΪϴεнһоʵӦǹʵΡ½貢ûʲôѣһ·߸ͽ룬ɹӥɣһֱ˾֮Ӻӱ߲Ӫկ
Ӻǧ󲿶ӣҲ½ǰӪͣھ֮ӺӱߣȺսĵ
죬սǷҲڵ˾֮ӺӱߣӺϱһ
ڼ䣬ͨѶȡܵϵ֪죬عĶӺҹ˳ǣ־ڵľͷһҪصϡ
Ҫشļ
Ҫȡ۵Ӹİ취һܵʧܿҾͻʹﲻңͬʱɽ𻢣ñˡ
ˣָʾ죬ҪͼڵĽвҪشǸͷͻղܣӱشˡ
ϸĸţʾһᰴİս
û뵽ǣӺսϱһ𣬾Ȼٳûж˼
෴ģÿÿһ̸۵ĲǾ飬һЩصķ飬λһҲǹ̵ģǹεġ


511 ˵
ϸһ£ϾˡȻͼǺ˵Ķͦڶֵʱ˭ֲòԷ
һԷƣԼڶʧأǾǼ׳˵ˡµľǣһԼǰԼˡڱͱӣǿĴ
Ȼͱʮ˵ĳԺĲСڿܵĺЩʵϲʲô˭Ҳһ˭ôпܱԷƵ
żϾǸı䣬һʱ䳤ˣʲô鶼ᷢ취˸Ͽ춯֡
˰죬һ취ҹ죬ɳһǧھ֮εԻӺս
ڶ죬֮ϳĻ˳ǾӵϢʹ˶Ӻս˸Ͻصĸ߼һо
Թۣ˫˷ԣʱ򣬻û
ʹ۰֮սЦҶʦı۵ʶǴ̳֮ôûһ㿴ô
ɫʵλûиԵĿֻǲ˵ѡʮһڣ˳Ƿܲĵôɳ֣ҲԵӱ߿ˣǵĿǼǿ֮Ӻ󷨵ġ
սͶӶһۣǽüͷ
ʵ˵ҪżϾʮģʵʵʰ⻹һôûմţѾҽȥǮˣĸһ죬ʮյĶУʱ䳤ˣܲ˰
ʵʦѵϴƵľ֮е󷨣ָܱô
һЩ󣬿ǻָ˵ġһЩСȴָܹġҪǲϽŶԷû޸֣һԷָһЩ󷨣ǵʧͻӴ١
սһ£һģһĺ¡
£ҿʿԳˡսʵ
ţǵġеˣʱˡ
˼άϣ˫һ£ھĲϣӺս˷硣
ӵǷͷӣͼǷΪо飬սָ
ôӵս϶ǲ޳ɵģɶҲ˵һҳһɴˡ
ţս˫Эͳ˧Ȩƶսƻһ仰ͰѶӵˡ
սֱӸ̸˵˫ȻϣҪó⣬һ䵱ڻҵΪֱûϳı֡
գڶӵĬ£Ӧ˫һıɹ֮ӡ
ʵ֮ʲôãбô㣬Ȳʧֲ̫˳˳ӡ
ǰᣬӧͷϲӹӡ
ûκε顣
˫ǧ˽Ϊƽ֮ӵͷӡ
ǧˣ˴ʻ˾֮Сļƻ˰ʮҵڶӺս˵Ѿٵˡ
ԣһЩǺܴΧûгѣЩʿ󷨣һЩ
Ȼٸָľϣػ󷨵Ĺؼλ
һʱ䣬ڸһٶ˵£ͷӵִ˾֮ӵĶ԰
ھ֮Ӷ԰վȽŸ˻ӺսšϰѾӡ
һʱ䣬֮ӱæµ֮ӣӡ
ٴ̤ϤĵطӸпѡǳ־ȴǿ̹ĵĲʹʧ
ԶԶأɽ̾Ϣ֮ǽϴû̫ĲΨһͬǣھ֮һߣһֱĵǽ֮䣬Ѿ󷨷
Ϊ˱˫Ƥ飬δսУ˫Ǹһ֣ЭͬսһΪֵ⳶Ƥսʱܵʧǲɹġ
Ӻսͬ顣
ǣɵĶ˵ǲӣ뵽У̽һ·ôһ¡
̲ͷʮľ룬󷨵ĵһߡ
ߣҪľǳ͵˽һߡڽ뵽Уͻʧһ̶ĵȦӵԻ󷨡
õر֮ԴˣһҵԻۣһڻ֮󣬵һ߱˺ˡ
ڶ󷨷ߣƴģȺǿнΪ󷨡ȻڱϿƽƽ棬˹ֻͨض·ߣͨضĹؿн
ضĹؿн·ϣϢԵһСģͻᱻϢ
ڵڶ󷨷УΪʵչƽ쳣ͣԱ
Ҫǣ󷨵ۣ棬ֻͨضĹؿ뵽ڲҵۡ
˰ٶ˵ԱԴһˣȥ
ʵЩƵġʲôء֮޷ӣսͶţֻҪСĴ۾ܹȥͻᶨһֱȥġ
߽˹ؿҵۣʿһҺ䣬ѵڶ󷨷Ҳˡ
ڸС£ƽ˵ĵ󷨷ߡ
ȵ˵󷨷ߵʱЦȸһͷʱһˡ
װʮƣ͵ӣԶӺս˵Լľ̫ˡѾûȥƽ󷨷ˡ󷨷߿գʵȴ˵ȱƵġ
󷨽ݡձ˼˹ģֽ뵽УҲȥ޻صġ
ҪֲĻҪƽ쳣ѡ
Ϊݵۣ󷨵λá󷨸ǵĿռ伫ΪӴ󷨵ıԵشһֱм䣬ʮҵľ롣
ݵƣ󷨴ԶǿĹӶﵽ˵ĿġǷͨݵƽ취ֻñ취ƽ⣬Ǿ
Ӻսһͷʹˣö˲ס
Цʵи޴ȱݵģǾͬʱһϣΪܲôѹͻʧЧݾͻʧЧԳʧЧʱ䣬ƽݵ󷨡
ӺսǷ˼󷽷
ϸ룬˵ߣʵԺӦƶɵġҪ󣬵Ԥǧϵ֡
ʲôӺսͬȵ
ʦôõôˣ
ǰؾʦôҪĵط⣬û
Цȴһ˵λһԡأ˭Ҳ𿴶Էˣˡÿһ֣һݴƽ⡣ȻˣĹȴǾĶǵġһҪɳ¸ҵʿſ񡣡
ȻĻöӺս벻ͨˡ
ˣֻҪ˽ӴݵĴ㣬оͻᷢ䶫˺Ķ顣ΪʲôҪһǧˣҪ׼ǧ˵ĴۣһͬʱվڴʹʧЧôб£Ҳ޷ƽݡ
˵꣬ڼֲȥˣҪӪϢѶӺս
룬ǰ뷨ʵСϾΪֹû̫︶ǧ˵ĴۣҲǲԽܵġ
ӸʵʩˣսҲҧҧ׼Ҳķ
һ˵ĶһУӾЩõĸоݣ̫ˣ󷨵ûƨۡ
ȴҲóءӪУĶŶӺսܻԼ


512 һ
ʱ澪춯ϣܿЩͣ
ֹһӪ漱ٵĽŲԼķ߹
ӺսϢӪӻǿģǱûжŭ
սûôˣǺؾʦô£ķȥһˣǣݵĴϷɳʯڵһ棬ǧûˣɸ˵Ĳһ
ʵЩԤϵСҪֵرԾӣôҵķӦǾûдôأ
սò𣺡Ҫ˵ʧ顣ǣΪ̫ؾʦ㣬ڳʱ򣬸ûбȫһԳȥ˭֪ȣȻ
ҪսҲ˺ƤݴսѾʶˡɲƾսܹġ
Ϊһʱ֮߶ǰŬ׷˲˵ЩҲͰˡ
뵽սһƨ£ҧؾʦҲˣǲǸøһ
˵Ҷż飬˭뿴ġս㣬Ҳܵøߵ°ɣӣܵʧҲС
սĬȻųһҲǿЩͬ˴롣
£ô£ܸ˵һôתʶӡ
ӱսս뻹ɤӣɶӰսǰ˵ʲôҲ̬ܶȲãᱻЦġ
ʦҺսǰվʦŵĲġһǧ֣ܼͷǰͬʱҲ빥ӣһҪ£Ҫǰ壬ֻҪ󷨴㣬һҪͣ¡
˵ƺЩĻ䵱ʱĲ󣬱졣
ս˵˭֪нݵĴ֮˴ķӦڻ𣬻оʯһǵĶɹǵĲӰؾʦĲ𣬻ǰ壬˭֪ԴĹԽԽң˲֮£˾ˡ
ʲôҪ˵ŭ𣺡ҲǧǧţҪһǰôȻسһ֪ôǰŬ׷ˣңݵĴ󾭹أһǧ˳һС
սһɵˣû뵽Լֱ׳ˣȻбһҵˡ
Ȼˣûн˼㣬ǲǿ˵˶ˣͼֲסˣͲסͳˣҲо֮ˣһĵʲôųҹµһս޴
սһӴɵ״̬µ״̬治֪ô˵ˡ
Σս˵ؾʦ˵ǧ˾˭֪һڻʯɹգۼǧ˰Ǹʱ򣬾;̫ˣˣǰɣӡ
սϽѶҲˮʵǰѾˡ
ӸϽͷǰʦʱȷʵҲǵѰ
ȣ쳤̾¡ˣѾˣ˵ʲôҲˣֻҶûڳ֮֮£Ҷ¸һǧ֣ҶƲݣҶл
һӱסˡ
ôǰ˶ӡΪʱ򣬶Ҫ⣬ҪЦġѾİ취ȴǲȥûԶĵˣϢģʵĵС
ҪûսڳϢܹסսҹˣֻҪȴսȫȴʧܣû˱ٰЦת޸Ӿˡ
һ£һҧ˵Ӿʦʦôܹξʦأã͸ʦҪ֣ʦ࣬ٴ󡣡
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û̫ʱ䣬սҲͬ⣬ٴ֯һǧ֣ݡ
һ죬Ҫ󣬶ӺսһǧˣԴӣȥݴ
˴Ľ̹ԣƽݴΨһķ㹻ƽݵĴơУкܶ˻Ҳûа취ûв˵ġ
ǰȴΪսӮƽҪܣǰ뵽ٲԨ
ԣöӺսɶսӣ˺ߣɱۡңɱߣҲҪ׷̷
ĶһƬȻ֪ԼĹȡЧ
˵еǧˣʵֻͼǵһǧˡ˵ݴǰ沿һһңʵϾͷֿˡ
ܿ죬ͼǲӾʹԼһݴ
顭
ԶλãĻڷŭһڵקҷųĻβһͼǲӡľʯҲؿƣХŷ˹
Ҫţǰ壡Уʿ䣬Ųðڻ;ʯǰ塣
һıըһʯϵ첻ϴмİʹĺС
ǣĴͺ涽սӻ֮£û˸
Ӻսһβôһգ۵ĹĿٸǧѾûˡ
ǣȻǰ壬Ӻս˭Ҳ˵ʲô
飬ڶֵڻˡԣһ״εڻܶȣһεҪ˺ܶ࣬ɵҲˡ
Ǵǰͻҡ
ڶӣƫһٲ룬Һݺݴ򣡡ʵù۲죬֪۵λֲòӡ
䡭
ڶгɹΣһٿըݵĴȻ̱ҲûκεĶ
ǷûߵôѸ٣ָ£Ҳҵۣһͺ֮󣬵󷨷߽⡣
Ӻսˣ˧һӵϣһֱ嵽˵Χǽ档
һսһʧܹʧˣ⻹ֻսģ֮ڡ
ֻز˭ԷˡǶͽ˶ĳһ֣ǾԲֹͷһ˼뷭
ܿ죬սƶ˹̾Ϣ֮ǽļƻңǶӻսսͷѾٿǷΧ֮ˡ
һҹתͼǺǸ򲿶˹ӣǽȥ
ľ飬ʯͷݳɵԵĳǽһں֮󣬳ȱɱȥˡ
ʵϣҲȷʵԤϵĲ࣬һں䣬ʯͷǽȻȱڣ˳ȱھɱ˽ȥ
˭֪˳ȴڵǽڲ࣬ݿӣ⧲׷׵ݿӡ
ȵֲֹͣʱѾнһ˵ݿӡ
ֽ֯̽飬ȴݿͨŵصġȥĶзתˣЩ˵ģԭء
ǺյģлԱһɶԷûôԣԷ֪߱ȴ˸鷳Ϊ˸Ӹ
ô˵ǽУݵ㣬̾Ϣ֮ǽ


513 ̾Ϣ
⣬⣬ܹЧĽͷһ൱鷳
еƣ˵ֻ˵ݿӣһƽ죬Űѵǽ鷳ꡣ
ѵ̾Ϣ֮ǽ֮ǰһǽҲǵڶǽʱСࡣûϵ˾ȻûжκεֽţڵڶǽϵһЩװöһɶ
Ѫ˵ڶǽԻ˳ǣգ̾Ϣ֮ǽȫ¶ǰ
ڹ̾Ϣ֮ǽϣйϴ½ɹȡľ顣
սԲϴ½սй
ܿ죬սⶨˡͼǷǷһ֣ػص̾Ϣ֮ǽ棬˫ʮͷṩڻ
ǣס̾Ϣ֮ǽϵĻ㣬˫ƽ̾Ϣ֮ǽ֮ڣҵڻڻ£˫ɳһ̾Ϣ֮ǽ
ɵȵתг͵ʱһɵˡ
̾Ϣ֮ǽ͵ڶǽ֮䣬ڶĲӡЩӣڿ̾Ϣ֮ǽٲľгһӣ֧飬䱸ʯǳԭʼͶʯԶ̹
˸еεǣ֧ӵɣɼǰݿ²ɵġ
ͷӣѾװˡҲ׼ս⧲
²ĶУؾʿȫװЩ²²ֻҪ΢Щ춯ͻһȭߣƤź
²ֻܰһʯװʯǱըҩʱ׼䡣
棬ҪѵľҪ̾Ϣ֮ǽǱҪݻٵġԷʯΪ˸ɱˣɾ޴ѹ
ݻʯӸ£ܹɾ޴ɱˡҪ¾Ĵݻ٣ʵ̫ˡ
Լˣ֣ͳ˧ǰġ
սӣе˶һԲصζҶ֪ҲýʲôǰϵĶ
ѡҲֻݻʯ²󣬻˱
͵۹ۿӺսı飬˶һ͸׺ݵζ
ʱʵ˭ףӦ˭ҲΪпܻʧȥģصģ𲿶ӵĻ䡣
ʹ˵£ڼѾϣҪϿ¾ˡͶƱʹʲôĹֶΡ
һ뷨õսͶͬĽͺýˡʲô˵ƱһƱӶԼǸռݵ¸ߵصһƱһ仰ܹжˡ
ܿ죬˰Լ뷨дֽϣ鿴֮£һģݻʯ
ȡֽĬĬûյͶƱĽϣ˭Ҳй¶ȥҲ˵Ʊһ뷨
ս֪ʲô˼Ϳ԰Լжˡ
˱˴˼Ĭľ飬սƻӦĵ
˫ǧ˽𹥣ʯͶ֮ٳִݻ٣ԼҲˡ
ܿһ򹥻ӣʯ˹
ڼ䣬ûκεڻڻͿڻֱǰ塣
²ɵʯ󣬿ʼһ˿˿ɧңΪ²ҲԸԼ֡ǣ׶ؾʼʹִͶ²ؾʿʼֱӸɱ²
ڣ²ھ޴ѹ½˲
һ޴ʯʯϷʯ;Ӹ£ټʯ޴ĻеһſžʯХĹӴ
УŲٸ߱ҩʯһӾҷʮˣ߱ҩ䵽ȺбըǶʱмʮ죡
ʯĹ˵ӣԤӶѡ
ôģôԼֵˣͽ͸ʬΡ
ӺսĵľǲµķӦЩѹеĴʯˡ
ŹӵԽԽڷ²ɵʯҲԽԽࡣѾ˿ʼ棬ΪʲôΪһȺڵķ²ԼҵĹӵڲˣ
Ӻսһۣ˴˶΢΢ͷʱˡ
˵ĺŽϱ죬ʵʩǱؼӪһ棬нһǧʯҩ֮£ûԱ
ս¶飬һ֣

ɵľ޴ͻأգϾһܹԶ̹ĸ٣ͬʱڶǽµڷѾװϣȻ򲻵̾Ϣ֮ǽȴܹʯ
䡭
ڷйһк˱ڵΪ˹ӵǵĲڷʿѶԷ˱ȵ˸ɶĶ֣һ־Ǻĳɱ֡
ϵľ޴ҲǺڵҩͲǹʯ÷Ľ࣡
ûκεĲҽʯڲʱͻѪ⣬ʯɳڰա
ǣ尡
ոıս򹥻ӣʯ󱻴ݻٵ˲䣬Ļҳڻսͣ̾Ϣ֮ǽͳ˹ȥ
޴ķҲ̾Ϣ֮ǽѹ˹ȥ
̾Ϣ֮ǽϣһ̻һ˰աԿշ̾Ϣ֮ǽ֮أأԿ̾Ϣ֮ǽ˲ٶԿշװвٻ͵ĸ߼ƷԿյķЧ
ʮܴ͵ķգۼͱʮܡʣµķ״ͷܡ
Ӧ˵ķǼʧܵġΪʮܾ޴ķֻʯЧ̾Ϣ֮ǽһЧĴûɣǱӻء
ս¶ϲɫΪ̾Ϣ֮ǽޣôĵط಼öԿյķôԵԶ̷ͻӦ١ĹӾͻ̾Ϣ֮ǽоԵ塣
֣ս֪˶Ӻս飬˫ӦðԤͶȥȡһ̾Ϣ֮ǽٵġ
ӿɿһϸս뷨
ܿ죬棬԰ԤͶսڹ̾Ϣ֮ǽ淽ϣŽĹӡӵڶǽ̾Ϣ֮ǽȥ鶼ֱһ
Ȼ̾Ϣ֮ǽϣ˼ڶڿڣԿóǾڣ
սЦ޴ľȻȴǲܹ·Ȼһ˺ǰⶫ֮أӣӽٶȣֻй̾Ϣ֮ǽ棬Ż뵽ڵǣŻᰲȫ
ҲǵԼҵʧսķеҲԼĲ´ͬ
ֻսϵƣ˭ҲûпǱߣ¶һ˿ײЦݡ
䣡
ڷˡ
죬һޱѹֵĳƸУ޴ڵϰգڰͻȻըڵһŮɢ㻯һСڵƮţܼȺɢ䡣
ˡ
СȺбըˡЩһС裬ɢ˲ͬԵĹЧܣеȼʵģеǱʵģеǷɢƬʵġ
ͱУĵƬһڵֻС豬ըܹɼ˵һͻһȺѪ⡣
䣬ڲţǣֲ֣ȴǼǧһ򡭡ʮʱʧʹﵽ˾˵
ˣϽˣսͶӵĶѪ
ں󳷵ĹУнпķˡ
ӺսôҲû뵽εĻ˳֮ãجΡ˫ʮ򣬵ȳ֮ӵİߣһ롣
£ǳǧĹӣʿ䵽͹ȵĲӽйǻԵġ
ӺսͣϾ֮Ӷ԰ȥ뿪֮ӣǸ߸ߵ̾Ϣ֮ǽе־̾Ϣĸо
ǰĽشӺҹûиĻָǱٴ˳ǵˡ
Щ˳ǵĲͷҲñסۿ˳ˡ


514 жĥɱ¿
˳ǵٴβҰöӺҹձеŭĵطûС
ûа취ԼµģսǷģʧ˾ʧˣֻԳԿ
˫Σ֮ҲҶֻܴͣҴҷֿǱȥһαһδ֮ӴܸǱ
һ·ͣػصͼ֮󣬶һ仰Ҳ˵ֱӻصԼ޹֮Уر˷֮в֪ʲôȥˡ˴Ա߹ʱԼܹ֮ŭԼˤ鶫
ɫƽؿǰһУʿƣǱŭΣԼӡ
ǺǣӦûҵ鷳˰ɣ뵽ҲԼŵʱ乻ˣʱ뿪ˡ
һҹ޻˶ƣ;ɥ֮˯ȥͼǶһӰ֮С
ڶոд˵Ƕ롣
üͷһ֪վҪˣһŬԼЩţŴ֮һŴȥ
ʱѾˣÿһ˶Ƕĸеĸ
ߣѾˣһۿڣήҡӦǰҹͿʼǳ˰ɣ뵽Ƿǳġ
װʲô֪ģǰһ˵ӵ£Ҷˡ
ӦһͳɳƵ˵ʦ
֮˫΢΢ţһģ
ˣڴҶѾˣǿʼһʧܵܽɡ˵ɫ΢΢ƣѪ˿۾һ˿ŭ
ǵģԭһӦʤ˵ӮսȻ˾޴ʧٲһܽĻô˵ȥġ
ӵĻһ䣬ɷվཱུ˵ԼһѲǣԼΪβӵĳͷ
⻰߾Цˣ浱ɵѵСϷ
ɫһλϱվɤӣ˵ӵ£εʧԸеΡ
еΣӵȻ͸ƺǲԼĲףһʵʦȻ˵㵹ǲ˵˵Լʲôɡ
ͷ˵һεʧΪҵĵ鲻ȫɵģ˭û뵽˳оȻװ޴ķڣĻǶȻ˳ǵģ
ԣܶԣû˳ǣʧ˽ӽʿ򰡣һ⻰ĻˣַȣֺݺݵزϵĴλ
žһλϵķ־ǱӸӲĶˡ
Ҷװʹ˵ȻϷǾҪȫ׵
꣡꣡
ӴڴڵشϢţҪסԼһյĹ򣬶Ӳٴο˵ʦһεʧܣǱİܱʣҲͼж档
һζĶ˶ˣҹҲһڹ˵ⲻҪЧ
ҶԸееΣӳͷɣһ¶˵
зǳףӿ϶ѾĸǶزˣ鵽ǲĹҪڹ
ûа취ʵ̫ˣصҪɱˣܹöӵƽϢŭΪ֪жټͥһսеʧȥˣеʧȥ˶ӣеʧȥɷеʧȥ˸ס
ʵǳµ飬ϣ鷢սҪؽֱҵ״̬Ǿֻˡ
һˣõĺƽ
ӵһ˫Խĺˣضƺֹͣ
κ󣬶̾ϢһЩ˻Ƶ˵Ҷڿʼʦְ񣬱Ϊƽ뿪ͼǣԶ
˵֮󣬶˶йƤһ̱λϣر۾
˵ʵڻĲҪ뿪ϾǿޱȣĹСζڻ˳ʧĻԼпİ֮²ϵվһԨ۹
ϧͬһطξ޴ʧöӲˡ
ǲ֮ˣʧѾͼڶʱڶûս˵ܹұǲˡ
ҶЦһû뵽ӻôԡ
ֱӾ͸ְ񣬻Զ뿪ͼǣ
̧ԴŵĶӣ֪ӲҲ֪Ρ
ܹ²سͲЩĸģ˵Ӧֱӽնɱڴ֮ϣȻڳǽ֮ϣ˶ҳӵݺöʧܡ
еʺӺͺڹϣѾΪһˣû˵Ŀܵġ
վϧ֮ĵģնɱı
ŶӹʩһȻת뿪ͣͣر˴
˿ԶȥʧɷһվЩߵ˵£Ҷûдߵôһ仰û˵ˡ˭ܹ֤ûжİ
üͷššȴûֹɷ˵
ɷ۾һ֪ԼĻˣʵҲЩٴλصӵߣõĵλٴζҡᱻƸ֣߳
ɲҪģ
ɷһǰһϵ˵£ɷΪӦýնɱһǵط͸ļϸǼϸһպȥ˵ǱߣпܻƾͼǺ͵Ϥ

ͬһڶӵԺлصţɷĻȷˣͬɷ˵ָǺã
ҡĽ׷׳ԸͣǶ֪ٳ֪֮ھվӵĺʱ
£Ҷð
ǰһҶĳ˵˵ˣͼΣ˰
ǸսҶһҵ˻ȥǴ鷳
Ҷɱ˼
ɱ˰ɣնݳ

һɱöӵ˲ˣذ˰ֱۣȺļһȫ͡
ˣǶȥɣɷȥžͺãҪˡסһҪĸɾ䣬Ҫ»ڣӳƬ֮󣬻̧Ѿó۾
һ֮󣬻Ǿ˲ҪôԼ߼ȥҪô͵ֱնɱˣñ³ΪպնɱԼǿڡ
νģΪߣʢãΪߣɱ⣡
ɷһӦ֮󣬴һȺ뿪ˣʣһ˵Ķڱ֮ϡ
ҶҲ֮٣治֪ôǶԣǴ૵˵롣


515 Χɱ
뿪֮飬Ȼ޷֪ġ뿪ã½衣
ʦҹӺȻżЩĸ֪ʲô顣½һƽѰûжʲô
ϵˣһЦ˵֪ҶѾҸְˣõͼǣ
ʲôôԣ½˲ͱˣҪǻ˸ôͳȥ˼Ҵսٻغˣȴû˿ذ취
һЦζ˵ôԣɱҲǲܰ
½ɫһ䣬üͷšȦҿû˲Ž˵ʦ뿪㲻ɷ˻Ŷնɱģǲ֪֮ǰûлʱΪһˣһǴܣûɱ㣬ǾͲɷˡ
۾һûп½軹ǻۣһЦ˵İɣӲģϾûйҲп͵ġ
ǿɲһ½ĺȻһӱͨ죬ƺ˵ʲôȴԥš
½л˵ΪʲôҪ͸Ƶģȥˣھͱ˶Էһ
̾Ϣһ½һţɤӾ˵˳ʦǶ㣬֪һ溺ӣЩֻ֪ŪȨҪǧٱߣ
ߣ̲סЦˣɲǸ򵥵ⰡҸһѱ𣿡
½һݽҧ촽֮صͷ˵ǵģҾֻиھʦԣܹӥյĻᣡ
ͷ½˼֮ǰĶкڳıߵǻ˵һЩѾˣ֮»ôֶˣڵĶ߾ʣϲɷˡ
˵ɷҲе͵ϧĲθ£Լĸãĸߣ
Ҫ㲻ڣЦǺǵʵһֱܿ½裬ֻǻûøΰˡ
ϾԺҪĽǴؾԨ۹ݺأǰկ½費ô˵Ԩˣ̫鷳ˡ
˭룬½边Ȼصص˵ͷ˵Ǵ£¹Ĵ£пеԨ뵽ݵĿ֮Уܻ֮õõƽԸⱳ־޴𣿡
һ½ˣ¹صĸ߶ˣͲܲСĵ㡣
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һЦͬ㣬˵½裬֮ˣŵ̫ˣԨˣҲˡ
ţѵŸո𣿡½Ĳˣζû뵽йϵһǣڽ̣ʹˡ
Цݵӣ½һ˵֪ʦĿʲô
£г룬֣ص˵˸֡
½赹һûмȴ־ˡ
尡尡˵Ҫ綼ͳһ
ʦ־½Ը棡½ѾܹԸʦͬս½ҧݣᶨޱȵ˵
ڸͲʲôֻԸΪ֪ҪǶԵ²յġ
ãȻԸ⣬Ǿ͡ͷʮ½ķӦ
Ļû˵꣬оӵĵķȻ½ڵλã
ӵѵʲô飿üͷһ壬֪ôģľӵΪʲô
½飬ʶһɨЩӶǶĸľӵܡ
ȥʵɲЩܹס
½һ߼٣һͷҲصض˵ӪﲻһҪ㣡
ĵһȻԼӵĵطĹˣȻЩԨ˵ʿԼ˼ĸ顣
˵һΣһֲжģ޹Ρ
½Ӫ֮Уؽʿٵкö飬ӭĵ
ͬʱҲΪ׵ǼɫôÿȻǲ˾ӵ
ʦΪλоӸһ˲ʵӱȽֱӣͲߵƶ
ֻЦЦҲû˵Աߵ½˵ҪɱʦѾȺĻ쵰ɱ۾ȻҪɱǹûľʦ
ʲôҪɱʦʦĹôôܰ
ɱʦʲôЦʧʤ˱ҳ°
ɵˣ˼ҿɲʲô²£ֻҪ˾Ҫڹ㶼𣿡
٣ǿɲУʦôãǿɲþʦڹ
ԣþʦڹҪʦ
ʦʦ
ʦʦ

ԽԽˣ⵹ǳԾڳһʿź֮±˵ǾӪˣͼǶܹһ
λֵܣлǵĺ⣬ҪɱҶ޻˵ֻǲǸᰡǸжȻԨˣĵ׻ǱŨŨȾˡ
ʦʦ
ʦʦ

֪˭Ⱥôһ䣬˰ڶźš
أûڴ֮ŵĶӶȻվɴ۾ķ
ҶȻǲӺ޵ҧгݣЩɶľӣıھȻ˵ʲôʦôҪʦ
ǿʲôЦأ
Ӷʱŭˣһ䴫ɱɱɱһɱ⣡
Ѹٵɷڸȥ
ʱ˿̣Ӫ֮ѾеʿȫװԾӪΪ˷أڳһҪʳǾӶԿ׵ļơ
ʦܹĻ϶Ƕǳĵģֻǲһֵˣ½ڵشϢţȻַʮּ
ͷ½ļ˵ˣ
½һЦȻЩ˷ܵ˵ܹ׷ھʦң½ĸ
ذ˰֣žӪ֮ȥѾؾӲˡ
һˣеʿԾÿóһ·
ӪΧʿüͷһšʵɽҪʲô
˭룬ɷͲӣ۵һ˵Ҷ뿪ͼǣΪҪӪȶӻ䣡
ôһñӰôֱӵؿ۵Դϱߣѵеǿ
ͷЦЦ漴˵ɷҾͻҪʲôֱ˵ɣҪ˷ʱˡ
ãҶ㣬ʶĻץߣЩ˶ܵǣɷʮŵ˵ȴ֪һ仰Ѿͱһӻʿŭˡ


516 
ʦʦ
ʦʦ
ûأ˵ľӾŭŵɷ̲סغһ
оԼĶ˶ɷһָֻŵغʲôҪ췴𣿡
ɷбҪҲһñ˵ɣʲôڰ֣ҪԴɷ뵽Լھߡ
ɷһ¶һĨһŵص⣬˵ҶЩ鲻˵߾ߵ˵ģ㻹ǹԹԵظһȥɣЩ޹ʿһ
ŶҪɱҶ˰üͷһʱȻܹЦó
΢΢ҡͷЩε˵ҶԴӸһֱʤϣֻû뵽˳ʧⲢӰ֣֮϶ЩͼӴװ
ߣɻҪΪʧҾôʧ򾫱ɷٴκһеɱ⽥
ȻЦˣЦʮֿţɷɷֺڹĺƭ˱ˣѵƭҶ˵Щȥ˲󲿷ֲ±Ⱥûоʲô˾ս
һ˲䣬涼ѹּžҪ
ڳʿû߻˸ӵĹϵ׷׾ûд
ҶҪ˵ˣҸʱ俼ǣ㾿ҪԼҹȥɱ㣡ɷüͷһšȻѾ˷ʱˡ
ʵȷǺǿӣһʿǿĴڣǶеƣ
ľͲˣ˶Կһˣвʤʱ򣡣
ãȻѾɱңҶһ˸ǣ㲻ҪΪЩʿɡ΢΢ҡͷĲԸٿսķ
ȻĶ֣ܹͬȫ뿪
׻˵ĺãӴ򲻹ܲ
ɷصͷ°ͣ¶ŵĿǿף֮
ʱ֮ǰӽеǰĴ֮ɷǰȹأ潫Ҷã˸ɱ⣡
һվʿŭˣˣʵ벻ӻ³ľжĥɱ¿
ǧҵҳȻõĲƽǵδǸѴĦˣ
ʦʦ
ʦʦ
ŭٴδͼǡ
ߣ췴ѵǲûӵ𣿡ɷʱ£ֻǾЩӦǱƭˣĵ֮ʱǿ϶ġ
˭룬˵ľӾȻͳһޱȵһ仰Ҳ˵еײ棬ǻӦʻ
ɷЩˣҪ֪˾ӿսǿĴڣҪ˵ð
ˣҶôãΪľҪ뿪ĥѣȴҲ䵽ľأˣˣҾ㣬ܹܲң
Ļޱȣ»ûʲô˸˵Ļ
ɷЦһ漴һ֣ǾΧ
Ҳ˵ʲôڿն˵ҶΪҵսǲǾɣ
һļžɷȶЩͷ
ȻŴһ˵ɷ뺦һұȡĹ˵ɣ
˵꣬һӣһµĶ¯УǵԻĹŴɽĹ¯
һЩܽȥ¯ǿĴ۹â̵Щʿ۾վ˾ȴݵؿһڵ
ƺѾˣǿ󲻽Ǳ̬һǻۣ޿ƥеǿʵ
˰ץסɱ棡ɷɫһ䣬֪Լı£ȻҲڽ۷壬޷ǿȡ
ʿȻԸ֣ɾɽڵĵһܵĽˡֻֻܹ֣֮˭Ըֵĳ֡
һЩ˿ᣬеĹ¯΢΢һƣɫ⻪ſεУЩһ㾡ɢһöûзӳ
ɷһ¯ͬʱһִĴĿ⻪˲ȥ
ɷʱ󾪣ʲôʱʶǿķʧ֮侹Ȼʿȥ
һٶ˵Ĳмͷ
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޳ܣһһӱ㽫ǷֳһĹ⻪Щʿ£ȫķһԡ
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ɷۼ޷ԽˣŽԽԽʿȻȵĽǷ£Ҳżȥˡ
أЩӳȥʿʼԽԽ
һǵ˵ĽͲֵȥ𾴣ҪǴ򲻹ǿѾȥɷһˡ
ɷһս߸ߵڿУŹ⻪˸Ĺ¯ֱֱָɷ˵İ
ɷȴǲܲˣȻץҵʿȥ
ɺȻԼץˣҲץˣ
һƣɷŷЩŵʿѾԶԼͷŭ
ɷŭҲ֪Լ군ˣֻնɱԼˡ
ɷȫޱȣвش伸һڿնҪս
һм˵ɷһе裡
ϻ˵ҶҪɱ㣡ɷﻹô࣬ͳ󵶣ĳ˹ȥ
΢΢ҡͷֵֶֻ֣΢΢һΣٴα
ǿĹ⻪ٳɷһգ۵Ĺͽסɷոս˲д󵶷Щ⣬ȴԼ޷ѽİ
ȥȥɱɷԼˣָļλȥնɱλʵǿĽ֣ȻǿԽס
ֻҪסôΧΧĽǼʱһͻΧնɱʱ̣
ϧʵҲҪɱľġ
ҹһ٣¯˲ͷųǿǸոճĽӲѹƵ˵ϡ
ͨͨ
һεĶڵ¶ˤȥûһٴγ
ɷʱˣԽš
ʰ˹¯һ㽫һѳõУ̤ɷߡ
ɷڵˣо
㲻ɱңɷɴ۾Ŭش߶ȫ
ϧͲһݣ䣡
꣡


517 һ
͵Ѫ緢˶𾪵ؿǰһĻ
ɷΪǿ߶һԴжǿ
ͨ
ǿĿԴڵϣµµع˼£ѪȾһС
⡭ôܣ
ɷɱˣ
ʦɱ˰
Ǹô죿

ǰǸô죿ͷĽǾޱȵľʦɱˣǻô찡
һɷԴһ㽫ǰѳһһ嵽ԴԱߡ
λֵܣҶȻûйͣҲпͣѾͼǣ߱ˣֱɷɱңҶ̹̹ҲҪɱЩҲˬ֮ˣҸûгޣսɱУԵѾǶౣذɣ˹֣˵
ű̧ǰȥƶЩʿԶÿһ·
½ձҪʦȥȥģӲˣ½Цɤӱ㺰Ȼһ˵ĺ֮顣
½һߣƽ½ϵĽʿǣź˳ںҲ
⡭ⲻѱ𣿡ʧ˵ôһ䡣
Աߵʿסͣ˵㲻𣿾ʦ϶ûҪһиĸڣһҲžʦߵģ
˵Ҳԣʦ˲ŶˣնɱҲ̫
ɣǸ˵ĻͲҪ˵

һǰٶеţ½裬½һȺһӶľӣ
ʶһɨǵЦݸ޷ˡ½ıȻȫˣò˵ܳԾġ
תһ룬ҲˡЩʿֵܹ½£ȻҲǲôӵģҪȻ½Ҳһʣĸˡ
һ˵ľӣܹŵͶ˰һ֣Цȴ
ɷӣ·˻̶ӣվԣһ˫˫۾ضš
ûеĻһ𰡣
֪ĸôһɤӣЩʿдס˵ġ
ҿĻҪãӶˣ㻹űɱͷأ
һԼûк֮ǵԥֱָűӾͿˡ
ǽɫһ죬ɤӺĴƨأҲ㣬ôߣ
˵꣬˱Ǹʿһ𣬼뵽˶֮С
˵һˣڶ˱ˣǵĸ
ٵ߳ͼǵĴŵʱ򣬶ûһ˸ǰǵõϢĶӣҲֻǻ˻֣һˡ
ĺˣյɷĹƻӦȥնɱϾھеǽټ½ôһһֱõĽڰǻû˸
ЩӵǶǵˣֻû뵽֮Ǹɷ֮ô򵥵鶼Ľ֡
ˣҲǻð
ڣж˻ԸˣץץѾ˵ķ֣ʵ
Աһλԥһ£ɻǿ˵£½һӸˣ½½ػʿ룡
ʲôʿ룿Ҳסˣһӱλϱվ˫ͨ죬ͬһͷŭҰޡ
λص˵ͷ֮һ仰ҲҶ˵ˡ
ӵͺһ˫ȭһȴҲûġ
ǵģһˡȥκεΪе𷢲ĺ
ѾһľӣսĻͼǱܵشľٴμ٣һþĽһĶҡʱ΢е紵ݶͼǾͻΣ֮С
޴Σգܳܣ
ǣ޴裬ҲԸܵģ
ˣҹʦɳƵ˵Ѿûа취ֻеȺᡣ
䣬ȴǳ˶ӵԡ
ʦңӼеؿ˵һ㶼˲ԼĻʼˡ
ͷȴҡҡͷ˵ӣҶͷûа취
ʲôѵ˵ʦҲɱӽؼǺ˳ھҪʲô취
ɱˣҪǿʵʵ˵ǿҲܻȥ˼Ȩ
һɱ⣬ȫƾһССͷܹú֮ء
ʦ㡭ӻҪ˵Щʲôȴˡ
΢΢ҡͷ˫ĿֱֱĿŶӣ˵ӣʵ޷㣬ңȰûǾ뿪ͼǰɣѾΣˡ
˵꣬Ӱ㻯һźٵʧˡ
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ֱˤԱϵĲ豭ŭ쳹ȴûдݳȥһ㡣
ŭ𶼱ҪѹţԶ˵ʵ̫ˡֻ⹬ﺰ˵֪ߵѱ飬ʱסӡ
һ飬ûа취ȥž뿪Ƕ˵ľˡ
ʱʱѾվͼǵĳſڴ
ͣסӣתŸԼѾߵ˾ӣ˵ͷ˵գһ̤ţǶӵˣҶ޷̫ı֤ľǳΪһ֧֮ΪԨ۹ĺƽŬܶ
ʦʦʦʦ
һźŴĽʿжףվһѾû˵ڶѡֻииõķչǰ;ȴǵֻ·һ
ãȻֵңǾ뿪öĵĵطɣҪΪ˺ƽս˵һԴǡ
˵֮һӣ˶ĳžȻֱӱһƸ俪ˡ
ߣɱ⣡ŭһȫƷš
ߣɱ⣡
ߣɱ⣡
ߣɱ⣡
˾Ӹźֱӽеƶ価ɢΧûһֻڷ衣
źƺƵϷȥٶȲ죬ƺڵȴŶӵ׷
Ӱϣ㲻Ҫ׷ҪȻͼıסˣһӶϾǸˣΪʤֻþֶˡ
һû׷ڶװʲô֪ʵʵһڴ֮зƢ
ʶɨһһ¸һһǧˣ
ӵȷҪˣһӲ˵ǧ㣬̫˰ˣûϵ
һǧ˵ľӣĴҪıһˣǲܴôֱӻȥ˳ǵģǲǲ
½轫һԼߡ
ʦл˵½һֱڣ½Цݵ˵ʮˬ졣
ʵ½裬Ϊῴǳɣѵ뿪˶ӣôˬ


518 ֱ
ˬΪʲôˬ
½Ȼ˵ʱ˵ע
üͷһ壬½ðʧҪúøһˡ
ѯʣ½ٺЦ˵ʦǲ֪жôҵսȴǱԸָȡˣ͸Ĵȴͨ磡
˶٣½˵Ҹ֮ãսպղ˵ҵľξͰˣ̰ңңʱҪڹҲˬҺǲˬ
ˬˣžʦߣӾˬߵģˬˬ½ʵƮһǧ˵Ķ䡣
ˬˬˬ
һǧʿͬغǼ˵͡
˻꣬˶Цˣ̲סһĴָ½Ȼһ
ȷͦˬ
ˣ÷ɵҲˣǸ̸̸ˡһţһ˵
Ե½ɫһ֪Ҫ˵ԼΪĵˡ֧úȥδӣ
һǸߣӿ϶Ǻ͸ǣֻڵͼǸûٴηսˡǲܣֱ֣һʼϸطš
ʦԲ½ھǿǽȥʲôطȽϺãͶɽͷ½ϵЦǷǳҪ飬һûȫ׼ǽ뵽µľء
΢΢һЦ½ļĳ˵ԨңͶ˭ûҪͶ˱ܹ֮õʲôǷ񻹻йƽĴأ
ʦô죬Ҿ͸ô죬½ûʲôͷԣһ½Ц˵ʼվԼ˾治֪Լĺζȹ
ͷһ˵ŵһԱŽƽȣƽΪúƽĻᡣ
ţ½ظ֣ؾ׽š
ִ̫ĶһСľͻ뵽֮ϡ
Ȼ֪½ڵʲôһЦ˵ţһ̻ᣬ߰Ÿ壬ˣԨˣˮˣˣ
ʦ֮ôҲɣֻǲ֪µȺ˵Ҳ֪ѹΪˡ½һתƣҵĹؼڡ
˳˳ҪˣôȻȥݵʲôˡ
ͷ˵Ҳҵĵ飬ţֶżȰǰ˵ɡеġ
½̾ϢһԼ֮Ѿͼ־·ǳԶ
ǡȥʲôطʣ½ٴʵĲ֪ʲôطʺ˵ľפ
ûмǴĻϷһСɽӦһСӪɣüͷڶǱ߿ϡ
½ץץԴǺȷ˵ʦôһ˵ҺǵôһطŶˣȷУںܶǰѾˡ
õģֻҪܹʹþУʲôѾ׼ˡһЦֻҪиʵĵطͲˡĴָߴŵʿ൱ɹ۵ģôնɱǴָ˵ˡ
˵ˣ֮ǰҹʱ򣬻˳ִ˵㶫ߵġ
ȻǻʲôµģߣоϷӪһˬ½ߺȫٱȥ
֮ڼǸľӪ˵ʵ޷֮ΪӪ
ƾɵҪ˵һЩö˷棬̮̮𣬼޷סˡ
⡭ס𣿡½ʶؿʵ˵ͺˣסԼ͡
Ͼһ֧ӵϴĻ±ߵʿѱġ
ʱѾɢ֮ǰĸʿǽ侲е˼ҵľ󣬶ʱЩˡ
ܵһ֪ҪãҪȻԾĵȶмӰ졣
½ѾöԭϢˣ˫֣ǰţһţһ˵ȻطѾˣôǸһͿ𣿡
ʦҪ涯ָĻ»ĺܶʱġ½ʵʵ˵
ͷתӶ½΢΢һЦ˵˷Ѷʱģҵģ
䣬建գӪƽʱͣ
òݻܵܣ²òõһЩˡЩ۵뵽ҪĻѾ
ʹһЩֶνЩ˺úסĻò˶ʱͻӱ֣ʱڳֵĻѾˡ
˫ſץȡ
½ڵһǧʿ㶵ؿ֪Ҫʲô顣
һ̣Ƭ־ȻֱӰ˳һƬֱӳ
˶ɴ۾˼ؿǰ⾪˵һĻ
⡭ô
ʦȻôǿ󣬶Ǹ
ҵ죬ʦǽڵĸ𣿿ԪӤڵĸֶûֶΰ
ҿ첱ӣˣ
ϻ쿴

ʱץȡľмȻ¡һҵײ³һϢЩҶֱ֦Ӵˣʣһͺͺɡ
ۣ˫һתһѹһľͬյĳٻһ㣬ʼϳȥ
͡
һִľĳڵÿԿһİͼ
˶ǲؿ֪һﵽҪʲôҪǽ췿Ӧðľеһ𰡣һѣǱһѵģҪ
Ҷ֪⻹ûֻ꣬ͺһ˫ٴԶץȥ
һεĿ꣬Ȼһʯ
һʯշţ˵飬Ĵֶο綼ûмܹɣ
ʯĹľΧţר˶һ
ʯ価ɢһʵӪ˵ǰ
ȴպסɣ˵ӿн䵽ϡ
½ʱѾɵۣѵؽ۾ǰתƵϣͰ͵˵ʦôô
һЦˣҡҡͷһ仰Ҳû˵
½ЩΣЦЦŴһӵֵǣʦǵľӪϣһ֣ΧΧԼڸڣж죡죡죡
һһǧǱֶסˣԭ翲δġ
æһʿǣ΢΢죬Ҫ鰡
ʱһַǳֵĶֻҪģôͿԴ漣ıδ
Լܹ


519 
ʰߣһæµûʱǹһм򵥷
ǰѾģľӪ½ϲ˵ʦ̫˰ҪĻǿ¶˯¶ˡ
һЦ½裬ЦˣôˣѵƾӪҪ֪ģǻģֻҪһ£һоͶ˵ˡ
½΢΢ͷЩף浽Լȥʱ򣬿»ô׵ġ
һʱ䣬ɣȡһǧΪһ֧ʣõģͨѶϵңٸһЩͺáЦ˵Űһָݸ½衣
½һƽֻһָɫ΢΢һ䣬ɵһߵĴ洢ʱȴɵˣ갡ضǽָжٴ
ʱӦùˣõʱҪڽʡǼҪž˷ѣҵ˼ɣͷٴζȺ˲֪ʡֻ֪˷ѵĻжٴõġ
½ʱѾһֻͷɵϣɵЦ˰֮󣬲һ飬ʵʦѾǶû˹ϵƺǲӦûˣ
ҲǣǱʦʦĺţȷôһ¶
ԺΪؽĵ˵˫۶½裬ҪķӦ
˭룬ҪĳԾȴûг֣һմģ
Ǽֲסˣһ˵ôˣ
ؽؾǱҲһؽǾʦԣǽɣ½費֪ΪʲôԴôһ춯صϢ
һЦأ
ҪǲңһøܣôһʣһмֿܣϾϲͬʱôţ˵ġҡ½ʰһ˵
ʲôغıЦеʵ
½һζ˵ҷһһǳ⣡нֵʱ򣬾;ԲǸؽ
½谡ʲôʱôôˣЦһһʱ䶼֪˵ʲôˡ˼½軰˵ôˣͿ϶֪ԼݣȻ½ܹԼ˵Ǿ˵ԷǷǳԼúԼɱڡ
½ʱ˵һ֣еҾ֪Ժ˭Ļ˵ұߺߣҿɲֻǸˣڸؽӵĴҲˣ
½ҵһĿЦˣô½ô֣ļһôһݡɰ
ǵģǿɰһɰĽ
㻹֪ʲôŽ˵½һ˿Ȼǿʵ
½һЦ˵ҵȷˣҾǸҲ㣡
ðɣʲô㣬֪ϵġɵʵȻ½趼֪ˣôһЩ½Ӿˣ᲻Ѿ²⵽أ
˭½ٺһЦ¶һЦģ˵ֻԼ֪ʱһɹ΢һ£ûзʲôףɺֳ飬ʵ̫ˣǡ
ǰ¶֮ǰĺ˵Ѿ½β²Լݵġ
Ȼ˾Щע⣬ҲϵΪ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣûϵĿԡ
Ǵĸڰɡ
½û̫Ƶˣֱܹ˵ҵĸԴڡ
Ȼ㣡ؽ˰½輤˵ķӦһεĳԤϡ
ͣվǿʵ½裬Ͳ𣿱ϾԨ֮սϣ˴˵ĳԽԽడ
ܸ߽ЩȻǲẦµģΪҵĸ׾Ѫˣ½һЦĵõ˵˳ҲΪһֱ޷ڼУеõߵְλ
ͷôһоͿˡ
ãȻˣҾ͸Ԩ۹Ҫʲô顣һص˵
ԭҵȷǱԨ뷨ģǽҵ뷨ıˣĴڵɵģǿнԨ壬гô»ֱӽҺɱ˵ţͱǰ⻹룬ȴǲͬˣÿֱӵ뷨ʱ򣬶ܹܵĲ
ĽԨȫ˱ūĻǵùľˡ
˵ˣҲ֪ÿ˲ȫǻˣܹһֻվڽ˵һˡ
һȫɱǲҪ顣
ԣҪԨͳһԨ岻ٲ뵽ս֮Уõƽ϶˵ƺĻ޷ıʥּ
½ĺû뵽ǿ־ҪһġڶթǼΪټġ
ؽдǻۣǸΰˣ½غһΣɫ΢΢˵һӾ塣
ڰ֣ɲϰֽʽ
֮Ƭأ̾Ϣһ˵ʵ֮ѡطפҲЩ뷨ġӲ壬Ժ϶Ҫģôڹʱ³ǿ϶֧ԮʱһǧӱΪһ֧
ٺ٣½֪ӪλþǴһλãܹͬʱ֧ԮͼǺ³ǣֻǺΪĳЩԭȡްˡû뵽ȴǵĵ̣½ϻһĨ˵
һˣ鰲ŵĲˣ߰ĵشŰɣ鷳С鷳ԼʰĻ͸ϵʲôط֧Ԯģ
ؽģһ鰲źõġ½ͷȷҪúÿһ¸βܹһʿܻ顣
һ⻰ʲôЦЦӴָóһЩϣ½˵Щŵϣ㿴֮֯һɡ
½£ͷ̧ͷʱȴΧѾûӰ
ؽǺǣһǹЦİ벻½վǻع鵽˵԰½һ³ͳ߼Ŷ˵Ρ
ǰ½һΣμԼޱߵĺڰţζ޷ҵȥĵ·ûа취·ʱһ˳ˣס죬˿ຣ
½һֱǸκ֣Żסֱڡ
ӳȥֺ֮һ̸ŽǸϵϡ
˭ܹ뵽һоȻģ


520 ع˳
뿪˷ӪֱӼʻŷ˳Ǹȥ
ееҪ֪˳ǵ֮ǰĴս˳ǳɹĵ˶Ӻҹıȶ˸ʣµľ̵ʱڹסȻıķչ
֮ԽھΪǳأһǳǲģֻǳȫУܹ໥Ӧ˴չˡ
˳ǵľԽԽˣ߾ɨ˱
Ӱ֮У֪ʲôüͷһ壬ʶ˲չ˹ȥǸɨһ顣
ߣͼǵļϸҲɵӣǵ̽һϢһҲȥЩϸˣܹ鵽ϢޣԴ˵ûʲôӰ졣
ʰ飬Ż˳Ǹȥһʱ˻˳ﴦ
ԶԶأܵʶ̽̽鵽Լ㽫Լò˱
سǾʶһɨ㷢ϢȵϤӡ
ؽؽˣ
ʲôؽ̫ˣ֪ͨ½Ͳı
˳ǵĳǽѶʿͽǷ׷׵ɴ۾Ǹŵ
ܿ죬ĺҲˣЦݵؿ
Ǿ֮ӵ󷨸ô찡᲻ؽвһʿСʵȻСɻˡ
һһ˵ӽˮؽ˭ľܹ֮סѵе󷨶ؽԼõ𣿡
Ҵˣʿ˵ǺԼˡ
ĺʿģ̲סЦЦ˵ˣ̫⣬Ͽ»ûжܹѵסǵؽ
ǣʿӦĳԽˡ
ܿ죬͵˻˳ǵĳǽϣһһк֮һ仰Ҳûж˵Ҫ˻˳ǵĳС
ĺͣǸûƾλǰոͿʵΪĵˡ
ĺ͵һЦǰһ˵ģ⼸ҶźˣҲѾ˶ġ
ͷ»˳ǵ˲֪⼸˵ҪԣԵˣʱҪǳǲˡ
Ƕ˵ֻҪˣǾͻӦѾ쵽˰ɡĺּôһ仰ˡ
ЩѾķзģؾĿУĵλ֪Ѿһļ
õģҷģúôСˣûйڽϢӣӦ͵ؾפأûϢЩԷġ
ĺ͸Ҫ˵ȴվ˳ֱӳɤӺؽ˵Ǹǲб£ôôļӣ
һ㶣ٿǸ飬֪֮㲻Щᰡ
ôˣʵȴǿĺͣɲǴĴ𸴡
ĺҡһеȣһЦ˵Ҫ룬½ֻǻûмʶʵЩɰˡ
ԭˣ
ֺˣΪ˵ȷǸ߰٣˼ﵽܸߵĸ߶ȣǵõ˻Ԫ۾ȻҪǿһЩ
챾ǿһվסѾӣûʲôʤţƺȻǲˡ
½лʶʵģҪż˻֣һƢôֱӣһȥ˵ֵܻҪء
̤̤̤
䣬֮Ǵһ󼱴ٵؽŲһӰ˹
ؽˣԶԶر㿴ڣ˵ֱӺ˳
ߣûûСһԵ췭һۣе㲻ˬһ
ǽûдֱӽ뵽֮УͨһͰݵڵأ˵ؽҲʮһȱشȥؾפأ;չ˵ľӣ֮Ѿ˻˳ǣ뽫ָʾ
ô˽ˣʵָ֮ӵĺܿ
𣡡첽˫ַЦݵ˵
ʱԱߵ˶ɵˣǻûмʶ˭磬ôء
ѵ˵֮䣬ʲô֪
һֱȺŽ´Ще˵ѾûоսˣССѾ޷
ʵҪһҵսúõչʾǿһ棬ǼĽҲǼĴͳֻսϲܹ֤ԼĴڼֵֻǺպյսõıá
һԵ£Ľֱۣ˵粻ҪżŸոմ˳ǣҪϢһʱ䣬ȺʵʱȻȥսġ
ͷҲ֪ԼЩļˡɽŽһתƣ뵽ʲôؽڳ±
±ܹжūЩԨʿֻܵūʹã޷ȫսġ
Ҫճе𣿡ĥһ֮ʵ
ظ˵ؽҽıûһҵҪߣʿҲһǿڣ
ǺôĿҪǰѸߵȼʿˣ˻ôƲƲ˵ֹؼʱҪڲ˵һӦ˸˼ʿǿ¾ûжǿıԱˡ
춼˵ôֱˣ˼ҽȻԴתһ£Ҳһֱ֣ӿȴĴ𸴡
ӵֵЩѿˣҡҡͷĺʵĺͣбδģ
ڵбȽɣͳһգȻ䵽¡Ȼ˭ľȱ˺ĻȲߵıԱġĺʵʵ˵˵֮͹ȥһǸЦݡ
˼һ±ˣŽ磬бʲôҪ𣿡
ûرҪֻҪԵ޵ı˵ĶԴȪ
ãͽĺȥɣڿܵѡʿȻҪƽΪľ͸չˡؾһ֧мɵĲӣһ仰ֱӽİˡ
ص˵ͷʱſһ졣
ɫһԴŤһԣƺǲ
״ʼǽҵ˶ϵģ˼ҲԼ϶ȥƨɵġ
֮ϣЩ֮СɵþúЦ
ȤСؾøӻԾŵԺؾٴʱ򣬸ָ鷳ࡣ
ĺͣ˳ǵôˣ˽⣬תʼѯĺˡ
ĺ͵ͷóһö׼õϡ
õҪʱȻһˬʵЦ


521 ѵã
ؽˣ
ЦʲôЦ϶±˲֪𣿡
ӣǰװ˭֪˭
ߣϲģٽҾ͸ƴ
б㲻ɣ

⻹ûŵģʹĶߡ
붼֪ƾλǰˡ
λǰæкλǰϱ
˭룬һֱ鲻ϵ˾Ȼͬ˵ã
˶ЩȣһۣŶǷǳмغһģûƢˡ
ؽ㲻ùңҸطһУƾ˵˵ʲôطνġ
Ҳǰڰֱ֣һƨ˿мһϱߣ˵ؽҾģϴ̫æˣûúøлأ
λǰ̫ˡֻԼˣλǰ˰Ц˵˸λ赹ˮ
ʱӰһ˲ֱͨһڵˡ
ﳼؽͳȴǴŸ˵顣
аݼؽлľ֮Цݣһ˫۾дЩ
ָս˵λҪ˵
ؽأһɫذյ˵
ʵû뵽ȻĿԴΣصҹниȳиĹ֮󣬶ͬһϲ
˭зʱ֮ˣҲ֮ˣԸᣬеڶεĻǾֻ·һˣɫԭ⣬ܹһѾܲˡ
ɨˣ漴ͷϣĸλסˣؾҪȥҪչȥǲûԭġ飬Ժٳ֣򣬱Ҳˡ
˷׷Ӧôһǰˣ˭ȥôĵ顣
˵ظͷֿ˵ڴ˴ģбؾΪó
ۿΪܹܵϣⲻص㣬صĺӡ
ˣְλ¿ʼɡţӳĴְϣܹศɣΪؾ׳չһ˼Ƭ̣㽫˵İ˵˳
ֱӴӽλߣ𣬳жӳΪʵֱӱų˴ӳ飬ߵζŨĶˡ
ԭǲҪôģЩֱΪʵĸ߳ҪְӰӵսЭͳһԣϾǽ֮ССìܾġ
Ŀ䵽ƾ˵ϣ˵ʵǿпܳΪͻƽ뵽ԪӤڵĴڡؾʵ̫ҪԪӤڵĸˣսȻԪӤڵҪϾԪӤڣܽԼʵʵչʾ㲻û鷳
ܵĿ⣬ƾٺһЦʮ˵ؽƾҪκεְλֻҪڳʱһɱĻͿˣѾûɱˣ
ϲĶ֪ɱɱɱûӣؽʲôҪңҵͷУҪڵһսϡȻˣݻȴǲСֱƺҪƾѹȥ
ƾЦһƲͣб۾˵ǰϻбʹӮҰ
ʱЦһţ˶첱Ӵ֡
һæ״̬˵ǶλǰҲҪˣǵ˼ǲְܵλƶ԰ɣ
ˣ
ͷһ֣˵ȻˣǶλؾϰɣֻҪؾҪж߼ʱ־ͿˡȻеĴһӦȫĺͣŰɡ
ģĺͶĺӦͦʱǾԲӵġ
ƾһȤȲøɻܵƣֻĳЩʱˣֺǺǵؿʼȲ裬ʱʱشܡ
ãؾ˳ǣټش˶ҹĴϲôԲףأ˰׼ϯҪúõףһ£
Ż򶼲ˣкȥ׼ȥˡ
һҪﶼæȥĿյ˳ˣվеߵ㣬СȻսңɻ˳ǿֿȻȻȫתš
˳ǣ㽫չȭŵĵһվһ񽥽رϬ
ˡ
ʱȻоһ𶯴ʶһɨ½ͨѶ
üͷ͵һšһɲõԤУŸո뿪½͸ԼϵǾ˼Σհ
ͨͿ½ǽӣؽѾΧˣӣһﾹȻ³ǵľӣֱΧǣ
ӵ³ǵľӰΧ½裿Ͳܣ
һֲɵͼǱȱٽսԸ飬ôأ
ûж֣üͷʵ
ûУֻʮפƺڵȺʲô½æ˵ֻһǧľӣԷȴнӽˣһǺܾ˵ġ
ĬԴٵתţܿҵĹؼ
½裬㲻ҪסģЩӿ²ǳȥģȥ֧ԮͼǵġͼǱ̫٣ֱΣգҪǲץ㱣ϵĻͼǿ»ᶪˡ
½һ⻰ĹؼεЦ˵̫ļˣҽӦá
һᣡûд˵
ԣһᣡ۾˲뵽һķӡ
½裬طӪ³ǵľҪȥͼǣǾͶҪսǾͼطֻҪܹǣסǣ㹻ˣԽˣ뷨Ѿƣʣµؾִֻˡ
½գգ۾е㲻ȷʵ㡭㲻Ҫͼǰɣ
ˣʱȣ˵ˡغˣҵϢһЦž͹ҵͨѶ
ˢˢļ֮ӳĺ͵ߣ˵粻ˣͼǣ
㲻ڿЦɣĺɵˣڸͲʱ򰡡
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ĺͬȻɣɻǻᶨƵѡִеġ
һʱ֮Ѿؾٱͼǡ
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Ŵ󲿶ǰУȴرϮȥϵؽķˡⶣ˽ǼֵļϸץϢȻջ˾޴Ϣ
ͼտҲΧڶûжٷ
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ûֱӻش죬ǿŽЦ磬ôģ
룬ӦҪȫ֮ߣѹͼǵһЩؽ͡
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ҲǳԭŻھһפĵطӪ

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523 վ֮ʤ
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µ˲׷װҵӣǻŲ·֮ܡ
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ڿǸֱˬ֮ˣϿʵλԵȡˣֹˣȻʱɫ·ҲǸˣֵһˡ
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ҹսȰ˵£ͬͼɱԮ


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һӵԲ۾ץס˶ƽȥʲô廢б³ӸһһɣôĶڳ˵󻰡
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˵ţһ˦Ѷƽͷʬ˦˽
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ڴ¸ҵ˹Ҳ˹ƽİš
ͼڼεСɧҹ󣬾ָ


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УһʼͼǴıϣĬĬ˼š
һʵ̫ˣܹȡͼҲǸ벻飬Ҫ³ǵԮ½סˣûôȥͼǡ
ɣⲻŶˣǾȥʰء
ӵľʦ֮ϣ֪˶⣬õ˶˵塣
񣬵Լʱ򣬺ȻЩЦ±ò˭֪һӻᷢʲô顣
ôˣΪʲôԼ﷢㶣̤̤ĽŲĺҡȣ˹
ĺͻ˻֣һԵλϱߣ˵˼ؾķչԣѾõУʱķչһʱˡ
ĺ뷨ؾ֮ǰǷչ̫죬УǿΪűͻĺ͵ͷ˵ܹ뵽ǰȥ˵뷨ôǺϡ
һЦ˵óȻõˡˣͼǵķˣڶź𣿡
Ѿãǿľڿ»õȴһʱ䣬ĿǰֻŰװ˷ڣʱӦǹõˡĺ͸ողżǳŵ˵
ףʱڻ˳Ǳ˴һӲޱȵʯͷ˭ҪһѾӣǾ͵ýֺͷ˵׼
֪Ƿ񻹼ǵؾפ̸飿ĺ͵һƺ˾һ㣬ʵ
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ĺͣΪʲôҪ̸أգգ۾ЦǺǵʵ
ĺվسʩһ˵ؾҲȶˣʱһȷĿںˡǲܽΪս
˼ǰķչŵ飬չôˣûдĺͣһ⡣
ĺ͵üͷһšûΪҪתƻ⣬̧ͷǺЦݣȻˡ
֮ûгΪؾоȱһȷģɡ
ǵģעҪսԨ۹ģûһʵɣһȺΪ׵ؾȥռԨ۹ĳУ϶ָ޵ġ
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ĺܽˣĺ͵ĹĽڷչ֮ϡĺ͸ʰ·磬˼ԽԽˣԼ֮ǰǸ΢Щ嶯Щɬˡ
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Ԩ۹֮ôսôңǶңվͳһôһ졣ؾȴǲͬˣһֻΪūɵľӵĿ꿴С
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ΪӺҹʧһУǽһ֮Ĺϵȴ˶˾޴ı仯
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ȻİɽѾΪһ棬ֻҪʱգĽһޱȵĳУŵĵȻŵţ
ãȻǲʣǾͲܹǲˣԪϣɽǱһ°ɣȰһʵıݣ˸ȥһʡת֮˼ƻɽһöӣڹؼʱ̿϶ܹõġ
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İ٣һᰲźõģԪصص˵ͷȻѾҪȫ׼ΪսϱԪʶʵ̫ˣټһͼǣԺĲ²⡣
ҲϢģټϻؼȻܶϢԪҲһ
ҵͨԪֱȥؼˣȥͼģټҪһ¹ذɽǣԼδҪ顣
ɽǣʽæ


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һգ뼸λҪں԰Ʒ裬˽
ĺǺһ˵˭ģô³ç
ڰ֣˵ĺͣҸЩűȨֻҪҪϢǿһ·ֱ֮
ԭˣĺͶˡĺ͵ͷ˵սȽЩνڣϢʱЧԲΪҪġ
һǴű˵ʲôϢ˵ɡ
ոյõ߱Ƕ³Ѿͱ˽ӽʮ򣡶ĴϢ̽Ϣűһ˵ǵһһ·񱼾ͽĸζûаء
ϢȷüͷһǸϢ
űصصͷ˵Ǳߵ˴˾ȷ֮󣬲رġ
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ʮӣߣ⵽жô°ȻΧľӶѼˣͲԼΪһ³ǣĺм˵һֱôöӡ˵Ƣܹ֣һܺãһ󼸺ûʲô
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Ӿ⼸ս֮󣬱ļΪأڼϸصľӴˮƽûнࡣӲôټӣñ֤طİȫʮӾǸܹʮͺܲˡ
ȻҲڲ˵˶״̬
ˣµҪˣµѾʧȥִˡ
ӵûʲô׵ˣʦˣǸʦҲԸ⸨ˣʲô·ֵµЩϺзͲʲôİ
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ҡҡͷЦǺǵ˵ĺ֪ͣӵȷǸĶѾǰˡǰв̫Ϊ̨ʲô鶼õģֻҪȥͺáڲһˣΪһͷ죬ĲԣôһϵеĿµķӦ˵޷ܵģ
⣬һǣ߸ûʲôŵˣʱкǱߣ֮ң֮ɷͶƽЩأأֺǺǵطЩͿǹˡ
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߶źˣʱôһᣬͿֱӽӵȫ̵ļһﵱһ˾ȥɣ
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΢΢ͷһЦ˵ĺ˵òؾȱĵȷееԶ̹еȵһӦеЩǵƷġ
ҵĴǵŶӻǷչĲĺͿɬЦЦҲûа취
ǵŶѾˣԨ۹֮Ϊǿһ֧飬ֻԨ۹ս֮ǰֻܹ֧Ŷ֮ǰĶ˷ڵȶϱˣҪŶӴɢȻСЦǺǵ˵Ѿ뷨ƺˡ
ĺˣŶӵÿһԱţƵĴڣһóһ֮еٮٮߣƷѹǶܹɣǷֳٴͽܽƷĹ̶ĻϾСһ
㽫ŶôֿҾ÷ֳ֮һǱȽϿ׵ıĺ˼һ£ָͷ
˭룬Ȼҡҡͷ˵һ룡ʣµһȥڣһǷ䵽ÿһƷ֮УҪֳһСˣȥרŸзµƷ
Ӣĺ֪ȥˡĺ˲伤Ҫ˵ֻ̫࣬Ҫһӣܹߵˡ
һʦӦ飬ҪȻֻ¸ڻˡ
ŶӣؾһɫǵԲ࣬ÿ˵жһ߼ƷĻǽս֮зӳ˵սʱûʲôܹǴһ棡ԺѾȫװľս棬뷨Ǹݵϵװ뵽ġ
ĺףԶ̹͹е֮Ƶģĺ͵ͷűͲ˵ˣüͷʱ滺ʱ壬Ѿ뵽˼С
һЦҲţһʧӰˡ
磬кܶ뷨ֵϺܶĶܹõʹã˵ϵĳЩ֪ʶ绹Ҫ߼һЩ˵˵˼룡
ϵ粻ͬϺܹҪķչǰ;ͷԣһŴͷԣǾͲѻһĵ·粻ͬͷǲģҪʵ˭ȭͷ
ԣһֱٿ⣬ϵĳЩõʹãǿʵǻʲôأ
Һðڵҿ˲ٹŴִսʷȻ̸ֽҲлúһˣЦţŲһΣӱڳȥԶ
һͼǣͼһСɽϡ


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ŶȤȴִָߵͨѶ
ͷҪ㰲װЦһͳͨѶ
Ҳǵ٩һ£Ҳ֪ԼԽԽеһˡ
һǮ룬üͷһһֱæȷûһˡ
٣ŶؽǮЦ˵ȻЩӦֽɫת䡣
һ㶣üͷ壬ոʩչıгʵô֪ҵݵģ
ؽѾй¶ˡҵ˸ոյõϢǱȫ֪ˡǮЩӦ˵֮ĸ׹ͨһ
ǮЩԾǣ֪ǸҶʱȻûк£һ˵죡죡һĻᰡǮܹõķչᣡȥһҪȫ
ǣǮŽոշ˼Ϣ¼һڱõ˶³ǵϢ
й¶ˣ֪ģüͷ壬Ӧòж֪Լݵġ
ؽ½ǻһЩмġǮЩε˵ܹһֱȥĻǽиĿɲԡϾһţʦĺǷǳֲġ
ʱˣԼʧˣ½Ǳߵһǧ߿϶жӰļϸյҪЮһҪضˡ
ˣֱǻиָǺһһɳ죬ԺٴʹҲ޷ĳЩλϸߵˡЦѣֻܹοԼ
һǮ˵Ǯ٣нչ֪ҵݺܳԾɣ
ٺ٣˵ʵؽһе㲻Ӧģϲǰһֵӡٺ١Ǯ˲ͱ֮ǰģĸҴү
һӾ̲סЦˣǮˣʱȻţԲֻҪ˵ѣһֱȥĽ
Ǯ٣Ժ㻹ǸϢɣúϻȥģЦǺǵ˵ϵЦȻǰ㣬ֻǻһİģ˧Ӱˡ
ǮдϲҪĽֻҪûߵĻǮҾȫƾǮٴһȼ
˵ʲôޣ˵ǾǸƨǮ׬аȹǸ
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ȥæɣһ˸ӹٽģ˵֮͹رͨѶϢҪʵ̫ؼˡ
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ŶȻ˾ͺðؼӦҲû׬ɣ仰⣬ŵķչϵİţŷչԽãؾߵ·ܹԽ˳
³һЦάϽĸؼŵȷǵõ˲ٵķչ
˾ͺðͷܺϼһԼΪʲôܾܲΪ˸ԼϢɣ
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ûа취ܲסĻĳɾҲֹڴˡһƽЩز̡
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ǮȤˣЦеؿ³档
³Щǰˣı˵ĳɾͲ˵ȫһӵļһﶼҪ
ѵҪ֪ӳڵͽǿ൱³˰հһνİɱӵĴɱ֯³濴ȻǺ⣬˵
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ĵǲģҪɱҵʵ̫ˣֻЩ񶼱ʬˡмױȵźǿ
ǰΪʵǿޱȵһūܹվȽŲؽ
֪ģɽĿǰ´ɱӣǵĳǵİɱֶһ³浣ǵ˵غ棬˵ؽⰵ´ɱĺ˵ɱԪӤĸ֣ҽһֱǰٷ֮ٵĳɹʣʧ֣
ͷ´ɱӣ֣ͦǼȻҪɱңǾɣҪǾʲô£ͷ
³ԹԵرͣѾЩˣնɱҲûа취
˵עǾֻԼԼµĶˡ
³仯һЦ˵ϣллĺ⣬ⰵ´ɱӵĴɱǿ϶㲻ҪҾֻܵ
Ҳ԰˲Ҳû
˼ҴɱֶζֶӦ䣬׼ôȫҲչ˲ĵط
ˣæͲˣȥؼפ֪ͨҾͺã³ۿѾãվˡ
ͷ³뿪֮һ˫ƽ۾˲䱻ŨŨɱˡ


530 ´ɱ
֮ͼǵļλҪﶼߡ
ҪɱԼϢǣйڰ´ɱӵϢ
ʲôĶôǲأҪȥĳǣڶϾ˹ϵһҪɱʱͻðɡ
˭ؾﰡҪʲô⣬ؾ»ڶݵʱھͱ
½԰꣡ûв֮ǰȲҪ½ۣĺ͵üͷһšһѡ
쵱ʱͼˣɤӺҪɱˣ԰꣡
½Ҫż˭˵ҾҪɱ˰м˴ɱңһ˵˵ԼЦˡ
һ㶣Ҳǰʵôǿ벽ԪӤĸֶûдùһ´ɱӣܹκε
ȿȣҶˣΪ죬´ɱӿ϶ɱġԼԴѵһͷ˶ĺܣģ˵Ŀɰ
ڰ֣ЩһȲҪ߰ز²⣬ֱ˵˵Լĵǰ´ɱ⵽Ǹʲôӵ֯Ϊʲô֮ǰû˵
˾ȵڳȻû֪´ɱӣĺȥ˸֪˻Ž⿪˰´ɱӵ
´ɱӣ֮ǰһ֯ǵĶԱǳϡ٣˵һֱᳬʮˣÿһԱʵǶ״̬ÿ˸ӵǿֶΡ
Ƕһͬص㣬ɱԵоһʲôɱֶΣǰ԰飬ζܣηǶܹѰ©ڣֱӴɱĿꡣ
ҵںųǰٷ֮ٳɹʵİ´ɱշҲǼֲĿʵ͵λԼλշѡʵԽߣշѾͻԽ࣬ߵնɱһԪӤڵĸ֣շѴﵽ˰ڣ
ڰôֲΪĽȥɱһˡ
ʱˣԪӤڵĸûзУҪΪ˽ʡܣҪʰľӼֱ練ư
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ⰵ´ɱ֪ʵͳԽԪӤڣǻշأҪ֪ûмԪӤڵĸ򣬾ҲĳҵĻʵֵģǵø𺳡
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֮ƾĶıǿʵԿɱֶˡȻԼҲ˼ΰɱûзϡ
ⰵ´ɱӸˮˣ뵽˼նж
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ʱѵķʧˣҪʼֻܹ㿪ʼˡ
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ĺͿһۣԼ֮Ѿ²⵽һ˵Ļ
ĺͣ˼õҩ𣿡
ĺصص˵ͷ˵Ȼ˵취ǵĸֻ̫ǷȱˣַֻٵֲǸֵȱݣ⣬ղ˵Ĵɱ飬ҲЩ벽ԪӤĸ
ȥѯְɣһҪ׸ɾؾĹˣҩ߿ԴṩҪЩĸԸţҲԶһ֣Ժٽз䡣ͷİˡ
ɱȷǸķӣһ̽һЩϢǿڹؼʱ̽аɱΪؾǰ켺
ر۾аʱ۾ͼǸոսȥ
ҵĴߴ֮Ѿõ˳ķչҪ˵ÿеҵչ״ռŻʳǵǸһ֮⣬ûбܹȽϡ
Ȼ˵ǻʳǲҲǵĸãûյĵҩӺӡ
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ˣʵҪһ벽ԪӤǿߣҩܶ𣿡
ʦ𣬵ҩͽԼѾͽҲ໥æѾ˶ʮöҩҪǿԼơ
ʮ˰
ѾԤ⣬û뵽̰ļһﾹȻĳɾ͡
Ҫֵ֪ܹҩ˿ǲ֮࣬ǰԲᳬʮˣأͽܾû⣬Щͽǵʱ͸ţˡ
ãʼƵҩɣıϵġͷ˵˵֮ڰæԼȥ
ҲûţʱʱؿʦǵƣָĲ㣬ԼθĽ
ÿһָܵʦඥĸо֮˲䱬
һɽһ࣬ܺõ뵽Լߡ
ˣԼԺҲѧѧϵĿӺ֮ĴѧʼңȥʲôĻ˵Ҳܹõܡ
ţͷлȥԱȽϺãа뵽Ǹʵɵˣ뷨ҪȥԣҪȻЩ뷨ͻһŷԶزա
ָʦǣȥȥˡΪʵǲ֪Լʲôĺͣ죬иɫǿڣϲҪͲҪ档
ƲƲͣЩԳ˵ѵЩۻʶôΪʲôϻôĻʵʲô͹ȣˣ
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531 ū
ָʾҩܿͷַһЩ˵УЩȵоȻҲһԱһѯ֪֮Լޣǰﵽ벽ԪӤʵܹæ
ĻһҲֻˡ
飬û˵ʲôÿ˵ĵ·ǲһģЩע黹ҪԼȥյġ
ʱҴң֮ĺ
е죬˵ĺͻȻĺͽһɥӣЩ⡣
ǵһμ
ĺ֮Цʵôˣĺͣʲôܹѵסô
ĺͰ̾˵ԼĿԡ
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һЩϣоϵĸ߹٣ؾľɲѡ¼á
ǣҪġǰʱؾֻսҲʤ࣬û⡣ǸӴĵͲǵܹɵˡ
ôĵ̣ҪӵͬʱҲҪ൱
ĺ˵ЩϾˡ
˵˳ǰɣûн뵽½䱸ʱ򣬳ǰصĵطװܹά˳ǵرͼҲһϵطװҲǹʮࡣ
»˳ǺͼǣҪ˵ģҲʮ棬ĵģֻоɲؾ򣬻б½һˡ
ʣһЩӣл˳ǵĽ䣬ͼǵĽ䡣Ӱ˼һ𣬰ãһǳصǰҹǶӵıãͶʿʮ֮ڰ
ز㰡
ȷʵǸͷ۵⡣
ڣԨ۹սҵС׳ӣǳ䵱˱ԴǱ²ū
ҪֶȡñԴֱЩ쿪
˵ƵܹıԴǻ˳Ǻͼƽ񡣿Щƽǹһյļӹߣũҵҵ֮һŦľ÷չҪĵá
Щ˵Щɱȡѵζ򲻵ѣǾԲܿǵġ
ñһֱ᳹һԭǾȱġʱһЩè뵽ӵУǶˣҲ˶ڵӣڹؼʱһ˵ӣпӰ쵽Ķ顣
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ͱ˵һүӲξָԿͣܲôƽʱھͶòһսһʱûмලˣͻ˼һ׼ᣬͻῪСһһ˿СͻӰһСӡ
һСҪһСͻӰӣ
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ȣҪؾʵıԴͺˡ
ţȻ۾һ԰ؾôģⲻ˼·ô
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ԣūɫ˵ڣ׳Ԩ۹һϡȱԴĶȥˣǵǳΪūūĵĥʹޱȼ͵־ƷʺͿ˼롣ʵϣЩҪǸˣؾӡ
ĺҲ۾һЦؽվø߿ԶūȷʵõıԴ֮һˣЩūûɣ͸û磬ǹһˡǣ޹ң̲ҪһıԴ
˵˴ĺ뵽һ⣺ǣؽЩūɶǱοסİ˵ū϶ڳǳеĸˡвūУЩһľӲ࣬װʮ׺սһҲ
ĺ͵ķҲеġ
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ҪɱūļɢأӴľӣͼǺͻ˳ô죿ҪԱȥ⣬е㻢ڰ˼
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ĺͲʵؽҪЩ˸ʲôô
ЦȻǽĵıԴⰡ㿴ǿԲŲȡ͵Ϯİ취ԱӵūĵطʰرӺһƵҩｫūŪΣȻ÷ⲻбԴô
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ĺͺܼ뷨кܴĿɲԣһİˣؾķչʿġ
뵽ĺһһȥΪ뷨׼
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ˣͷеģΪҲʺڸ䲻͵Ϯ
£ҲϻԼ뷨˵˳жԴʲô
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£˭Ҳ뵽˰ūͷϡ
ԣֻҪƻܣȹԵصĳɹҪ߶ˡ
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ЦҲ㲻УҲ֪Ҳһֱ飬Ҫɫһʵѡͷˡ뵽㣬һΣȵγ˳ļսҾͰȫ㣬ô
лؽ࣡
Ҫ˵ĺѾָˡϽĺͺ˸Щʿ档
ЩūʿǰҲѺĺͻһг˵׼һūţʴûȤ롣


532 
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ڣȻ֯һˣҪȥūҪЩū۹ǵ֣ﻹвԸأ
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г۷ˣϳżս
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һսʽҪġͰŶͶ뵽սУᵼ¼صĺ
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ƹؾܰѾȫūˣһϸģūųҪġ
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˼Ҳ֮⡣ˣҲͶ뵽ģС
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˵ڱܿΧЭʱûӦĹ۲ԱĽǣһѲ߲ӷ죬Χ£ͻŶӸͲ֪
УΧľݵʱֻûӦ̽ʵϣǰаľݵ㣬ȫûз֡
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¶ģ۸ĴۣҪūγսԺͶ뵽ʵսС
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֪һ³Ŷӣսʤ֮ء
һվȡʤôŶģĪĺôġսʤΪһͳΪŶ־һʷ¼ִлõ̳кͷŶӵķչҪġ
ǣūŵսͨսǲͬġ
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˰죬ָһط˵ؽΪʵĵص㡣
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ؽӦΧԲٶûдĳǳأҲ˵ʹǵлһʱ䷢֣Ԯʱ䣬㹻Ǹһλˡ㲻ɹҲȫˡ
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ʵиоļص㣬ӦǾ֮һѡӦ˵۹ġ
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ʵϣӦһͨŦҪڸߵأ»ᷢչΪ˿ѷɫͼǴСĳǳء
ҲΪӦǽͨŦһЩūΪһתվѺȻٷ͵Ԩ۹ĸء
ӦǹģСפصȴǲ٣֮ڡͼǣ˳Ĵǳضԣе㺮ᡣӦǵĹģȴǲͼǻ˳ǳķ֮һ
ԣնӦģ˵ӦǵԷ˵ѾǱ͹ˡ
ΪӦūתվԣѺūװҲǷǳġкܶūӣӶ˹ӶЩӶսսӲеҪԽսӡ
ϸ鱨飬ȻװūӣؿȻƶͻϮļƻ
ʮеӦ䡣
ūͻӣҪӦԽ취Ӧ䣬Ƿּ
װһĸ٣лװٵĹܼңżӣҡڴӦǵŽȥ
̲ܵ飬ѽǮȥūģ㣬Ǯġ
٣ӦǵıϹϾٴϰһӱ˳ȥ
ûҼҷԷū˵Լкûɫϰعȥ
˭֪λүӰĴϰ۾ֻ죬ͲˡˣȥԷȻϴ֮ġڿūɶģȵȵȰɡǶǹһ˵
һڳȥûۣ¸߹Ĵ
Щūϰ˵٣ţʾҪ׽׽
ʲôҳԷûǮô绹ܱ˵ĳ롣Ǯôԣ
ӿūϰޱȣòţвЦˡлϷȥ
ͨ˵ţ˻ӸţǧŲӲ
ۿ죬оͲ쳯ˡ
ò׵ȵˣūķӻϰ׷׹Цȥɫ
Լı׼Ǿ׳ūǿ׳˵ҪģȻһļһɻźܺõˣ̸ǮֻҪˣǮ⣡
бֻ֣Ǻ߹˵Щ©Ļǳ׵ẹ̈߸··ƽ
ӦΪūＯɢڳǳģר޽һ޴Ĺ㳡ūӶšսһķãȷūܴգһá
㳡ϲһֱ۴ֵӲľɵġС˽ū
Щūͣһľ¶ɫ
һ￴ūһעΧرɭϡÿһԱߣȫװĹӶڹ㳡УӶʮΪѲ߹ӶѲߡ
ūһƴԼūԼū˵һ仨㲻Ǵĺһ
ʱеþֳˡ
̱ޣп಻ūӿеһ仨硣
ڣشϰ磬ų
еľ׳ūȫҪˡ
ʲôҪЩūвУҾҪ׳ģЩģ׸Ҫǲ˷ѱүʳô
˼ҵּۻۣشү൱ūǮôˣ˭Ҳ磬Ҫú
ūһߣ׷ϲ쳣û뵽ӦĴˡǮɵϻҪת˵ķãؿ׬ˣ˼ȥҲȥ
ص齵õ꣬Ͼͺпʼжƻ
Ӧǵūе㳬Ԥơⲻ⡣һЩжϸڣģжԵѵˡתū
ҿЩūԼܣһǲÿƣһǳǷӿ϶ڵһʱӦУ
ǣҪ˵ģūŪΣ͵ÿ͵ķתˡһͷҪӦǵķڻˡ
ԣӦǵķװһҪ
һϸã꾡սƻⶨˡ
гȥɢǵūųԱľ£һõĵص㣬Щʱоͻ㱨µˡ
ܿ죬ҹɫ٣ĳõ꣬򼯽ص㱼߹ȥ
Ǿ帺ָӵָӹ٣ԣ´ġ
˵˷ֳ֣һʮˣĿӦǶŵķղӡʱֻҪǿ߶ֵľٶڽӦǶŵķղӴݻٸɾ
ʣһʮˣд죬ֱӽū
ظһԼӵȷϷֿԳԼĿнˡ
ڶǰ棬Ķ齨ƣūʮΪһսλġߵģǾŸˣŶɵľ롣
ϣܹΪǰṩ۲죬Ҳܹṩڻ
ӽū㳡СӴӴзȥСר鸽Ƿаڵġ
ȷûа֮дĽӽ˹㳡ıԵ
ǷҲѲߣΪӦǵķڱ͵ģﳤû顣ˣǷӵʶУЩɢ
ң㳡ﻹ൱ūӵĹӶԹ㳡Ѳ٣ʱҲܳ
дԼСǱȵһѲ߲߹Ϸ˿ʼж
㳡ĹӶһ壬Ƿͬˡһ֮ѲѲ飬ͲЭ
һ֣սСӿһĨӵĶϾˡ
һӶѲ߶ӹūŵСĳΰΧȥ͵أūŵĳԱȥѸײڶ֮ƣӶѲ߶Ӹɵ
ھװϣܵУı˳ȡ֮Ǹ߼ƷĶ̱С͵Զ̹е
ܹ͹͵ϮͻϮص㡣
εɲûЧģū໥ڻ໥ЭһŹ㳡Ե͸˿ūĹӶ
˭֪Ҫӽ㳡λãҪһĹӶݵʱūŰעеӶϣȴҪעū
һūūŵϢѣūֵĴ


534 ͻƿ
ʵսǣᷢ벻⡣
ūļУ֪²
һУ϶ע⣬֮ģǴӵ֡ͻϮսɻ䷢
˵ʲôûˡ
бҪ̵ʱڣ
ɵһݵ㣬ҿסҿͬʱҪҩɢȥԼҪעҩԵ
䣬зһӰһ嵽ǰ档
ؽһ亹ˣͻϮȻ˧ϣԼָӹʵ̫ϸˡ
ǣȴ֪ʱǧܸ£ԼҪġ
죬ϸűߵĵַźţ
ūŵСӣϸ˾ְʵһ顣
žžžٺɫźŵڿնǸ߳ǱֵܣϿ춯֣Щ˰Լ飬ͿԳѾŵֵڽָдСͷʻ롣
źŵδﵽ壬Ǳ߾ʹıըȻǱߵĹѾʼˡ
ߣÿһСӶѡԼĿꡣרΪƻһ߼Ĺߡӡ
ּӣĲƳɣʼӲĥޱȣ϶صƣֱ۴ֵһӾɼϡ
žϵһһϡ
ԱҲȥ˦־һֶҲרƵġͷųĶ̣˻ʣȴҪ
ͷųĴͷūŵĶԱǰūһᵽ˾޴ķ
һСӣ˵һӶݵǸľݵ㣬ʮӶסһǹӶͷĿ
ūļӶͷĿ֪״ϽµĹӶ鿴
ЩӶոճ嵽ſڣͱסˡӶͷĿҪУͼһͷĿǰһ֣ͰѹӶͷĿеս
˫һ࣬ӶͷĿĸ߼սȻһŤ꣬һգ۾ͱһŽ
һ֣ųһŵս䵽ϣ˵˭ҪģܷܿԳ֣
ɣһı˱̬ͣ˭鷳
һеؽѰףٳ
һ֣ʾͬĶԱһ˦֣ҲЩӶһЩҪһյʱ䡣
һ˾޴ķοնӦǶСӴ򿪵ȱڣ۶ȥ
Ӧһף쳹ǣûӦǲʲô״ūѾɳԶˡ
ūصͼǡ
µǧūĺȷʵˡ
ûдūǵ͵ľȷġȻūŴǽūţЩū֪
ѹūкܶǳɧҡ
˷ڶľӺ֪Ҳûã͹Թ˳
жЩū˺˵ūŵĿĺּǣЩūԴ˵ķӦǺǿң¶˲εɫ
֪˿ĥūڶ˭ҲţǺġ
ԣĺͣЩū뵽֮ǰһҪ˼빤ãȻĻЩūγɲսΪвء
ūһս
νжУȻһ⣬˵ǷǳɹġֵܽĵطһЩϸϣҪơ
һγɹĽȣֻūŶӵĳɹĺҪıԴʮ򡣶ŪūǧȥһЩˣܹﵽսʵģǧˡ
֣ʵ̫ˡ
֮ūٽŶӹģڼƫԶСǳأɹȳ˲ٵūжūһ࣬ոյĺԤڵһͷ
УܸܲһƱġ
о˼жϴѾɳΪһϸָӹˡ
жԽ࣬оԽеķտø͸
˼һƱһνǼūĴģжǣɲ׽ġ
Կ϶ǣģūļɢأڴͳǳСɲӦСͳǳأԼ򵥣رԱżΪķϵļ̷
ķӽūŵвͨġΪ̫˳һǳ벻עⶼС
ңǳصūݴιķڻ𣬲ǵСܹġ
ЩͷЩпϵķ˵ˡ
һʱ䣬ûнİ취
һ죬ڴͳǳнӴū˼С
Ȼûо˼·¶ĵһǣ鶼Ҫ򣬽һЩС͵ĳǳؽū˱Դ⣬ңԼĽūǸĪ衣
ڴͳǳжԼءȣԱһ͸ˡΪ۵ءһͳǳأԵ޹˽ǧ˹ģȺ˭סġ
ôҪұķˡ
һʮ죬뵽˽ūŴͻֲֵƿ˼С
һ죬ȻУȻϲӣΪʲôھе¹أ
뵽һ㣬Ͼ͵˾е
ľеҪСɢܹɿЯĸ߼ҩࡣ
Э£߼ʦԱΪɢ޴ľеСͻˡ
ڴ߷ϣһµ䷽Сͻǰ£һҲɢ
С͵ı궨ͺԽ˲ԡ˳ֵĿ϶ộܲø߼裬ȡͻ
һŬеƳװɢĵ跢䵽棬һſűըĻ𱬳˶ô𺳰
ڸĻ˵裬С͵ľеΪ滨װڳֽӽ˵ʱ򣬼ʹʮĵˣҲ䵽·硣
ˣ棬ҪͷнУҪԽջ
еһУǱҪɵġװūķǲܹЯ㹻Ļװġˣһ·вͨġҪԱԽ
ԱѾˣڣǿװѾǰ⣬ôԸջ㣬ǲҲܹأ
Ǹǳֵ⡣ΪƽЩɸūһūʱ򣬽ūԵǼеĵˡ㣬;ֲġԽĵؽҲǷɢֲģūŲֳܷôСһһԸ


535 Ӫ
һͻƿľص˼·ǳˡ
ܹмڣܹڸɵԷһ㣬һھܸɵһ㣬ôݻٷϵͳԱͲҪʮһСӡ
ȫʮǸСģС鵥λսĿꡣ
һҪǵЩСİȫ⡣
óС͵ķܹ
ֻҪˣ˳С͵ķȫѸսȫмıϣ
뷨˾еš
һΣڵҩϣֽ˼ĸڣըһҸȼյЧ
˼ε飬µװʮ⡣
ɾеȥˣӦսҲҪи
һأʵ
ΪװһеĽūųԱսʱԼװɵˣǿɾͳЦˡ
һĺͿǳüġΪһʵѵǮǿ˾Ҫಡġ
ʵ֤ǷǳӢġ
УĽūųԱװɵˡеȣҲþûдѹ
һ£һԼƵǮҪ󣬷Ҫµġ
ĺ͵Ŀ飬־һʵҪһ֧ӲʵͻӣǮǲеġ
ڶεʵͺˣ׼ĽūųԱ޴ľеʹʵ໥ˡΪ̫˵Խū˵ϵľԽָӡ
ͬʱҲԨ۹ĵͼѰҺʵĿꡣ
ȿµķǣЦһָص㵽˷ǵ£ǣϲãˣҪⷭǵūԨ۹ָ췭ظ
ͼǵǣֱ߾ڰ˰ڶƫķΧ
µõ鱨Ƿפоطװ򡣷ĸ͵ūɢءūɢǿĵһͼɢ㳡Ѻūһ
ڣūŵĳԱѾ˵ĹģˡеĽūŵĳԱȫϣ͵ķھ뷭һλ˷Ȼū̶ӵƣ뵽
ر𽻴һҪϧǮƣֻҪسǲ㹻Ļ¸ôǲġ
ٽūŵĳԱ̶ֳӣԸ־˷ǡǮ·ȡ˺ܺõЧسǲӽӵ൱Ļ¸󣬲û̲ð̶ӵĽūųԱһЩָҪʲôطȥ˭ܹܿѲ߶ӵ̲顣
ýūŵĳԱҪеĴūɢع۲
ȻǴУرӱӦСطҪܶ࣬Ҳܺܶࡣ
ūӣҲӦýӣķūϰˣūķøϸˡ
Ϊūһܲãͻ¼ⷽ棬ǵĹҪ൱֮ϡ
˭ūҪǳ˱ֱӰūϰ忳˲˵Ҫûȫҵ
ĸѹ£ūϰūĿܼ˱̬ϸ¡
ԣϻӦǽеսģʽѾˡ
ص齵õ꣬н˼εĿͷģֶ⡣
νūŵĳԱЯı滨󣬹ȻܶԸӵ֣Ҳԡ
ΪūɢصִһÿĹӶ
ɲӦǣӶ˵ܹ˵ġԹ֮£ūɢصڶ࣬صĹӶҲﵽ˾˵ٶˡ
ЩҪǾۼһ𣬲ʮūŵĳԱñ滨һɨġ
ǣЩӶǷɢڸܱߵģҪһʹñ滨㲻˼ūȹӶҪࡣ
һ⣬ȥʵʩ
лװһūӣĹӶһЩ¸Ȼ˵ԼһЩһūЩ˰æȻͿԽЩʳЩӶһͺöԸˡ
ķԸгɹūɢеĹӶ죬о͸һūɢصĹӶȫߡģѡһŬ֮ҪǵЩѺúþһۡ
ЩӶЩΪѣΪԼְǿū²ܽеĺ롣
иЩӶԼҲ֪ӶֵѴԣ˲ɹľ⣬ūɢ㳡ȥˡ
ô˵ӶǴϲ뱾ְλǲеģС
ӵеĻ㱨ûˡ
ϣ֪ͨеĽūųԱж
жƻģдһ˵ĽūųԱŲҩľ⵽ūɢӶȾƳ⣬ŷЩӶԺϽūͬʱͷһЩ˿ƵķǵĳǱС
ǵĸջͻῪ
ǱڻݵΧڶС鸺ݻЩݵ㣬ݻݵ֮󣬻СӲùϳСͷسǱ룬ֱӱͼǡ
ūŵĴӣڴ򿪷ȱڵĳǱͬҪѸٳ롣
ӵнūųԱռƻж
ҹɫ٣дһٽūųԱ̧Ųҩľ⣬ҡеūɢ㳡
ӶУ׷׹дк˷¾⣬ָӶơ
ʳӶȫӿ׷Ʒ⡣ǣһӵʱ䣬ЩӶͷ׷׵أʡ¡
ڰзƣٶ˸ϵūɢ㳡
ɳһ˸峡û©ĹӶ˶Ͷ뵽ūжС
ΪһνūĹгūе⣬оֹܹūð취Ƕū˵ģɷ˵˭ֶ͸ɵ˭Ч
峡ĽūųԱܿѾûκεϰЩҲͶ뵽жС
Ḷ́ûū
ǣūʵ̫ˣнӽһǧࡣūŵĳԱİٶˣūֻܿ˹ūᵽͷϡ
һ˵ʱͳˡ
ǿɲͬӦǣӲ࣬Ҳܸߡʱ䳤ˣ;쵽ūɢ㳡
ϣһ˵Ѳ߶ӹ鿴
һˣϾūŵĳԱ
˰ɨִΣһٶ෭Ѳ߶Ӿͱըɥ
ĶϾسǲӣһ𣬸פĳǷӽϣ߿£
ʱų˲ٿصķǱķƮȥܿ죬ǳǱԿջˡ
ͷųȥʮ˷ȫ䡣
ǣ¶ķջ춯صĳǿеҩһЩ졣
ߣװūĹҲӽβģķؾ
гˣųУһ£滨һ˿ķؾ
һֲıըųһƬ𺣣һӾóǧؾû
滨õʱ򣬶Բ߶ǿҵ𺳣˵Щؾˡһʱ䣬˭Ҳҿūɢ㳡
һǧūװϣ˸Ͽ쳷롣
޴ķڿն𣬵沿ֻŷԶȥ
ʱ򣬳ǱķڻѾݻˣ޴ķûκε谭ͷ˷ǡ
εĽ񣬱ӦǴλҪɡ
һأĺ͸ӸˣϾһԴĴ¼


536 ʦ
һξ޴ʤؾܲѣ·߽ȥԺǵʿͬѩһԽԽࡣ
ȻЩȳūҲܹʹõģ˵սǵĳ̶ȣԼ㹻鷳ˡ
ԸڽһʱڣЩ½ȳūδӦĿǰԼݴūиıȱŵͽȻűؾһӣȻǽиǿȵѵ㹻ľʣǳԵñůγһս֮󣬽Ǵɢ֮Уȥսϴ
ūȾţǱַԸæȥˣÿһεսȳٵūؾɵ׳֮С
⼸գÿ춼ڱչڵ֮Ѿ󲿷ˣֻʣһСš
ԭһСŵ֮ܿԲŻڰ֮Ӧܸ㶨Ѿ˰ʱ䡣֮ûȫʧٶȶ˺ܶࡣ
֮ѵҲ֮˵ʣµĶǾڴ̲֮סҳһ
ҡҡͷȻ֮Ǿֻˣʲôʱ˵ڵʵѾ㹻ˣڵܸǶĿԡ
ϸشһ½ڵĿ꣬ؾĿǰķչ״ֻ̬Ҫû鷳ĻǾͿ԰ǵؿʼţʱ½ȵūγ㹻սؾЦ֮ʱ
ؽؽ
չڵ֮⣬ǮںУԱ߸ŵЦݣƺڴ
ʶһɨϵıһ㶣űǿЦ֪Լй¶ѾԨ۹Լ߲ʵԱ֮䴫ݿˡ
ǮһĲǱˣڹ¯ؾʱʦ
һʦǰЦݵ˵ؽǺÿడ
ʦþò˰һЦûΪԼݵĸı仯ƺһЦݺ㣬һĶв֮𾴡
ʦ֣˵ԴϴؽİǳһõҪģ˵һлǿؽ㰡ҾƣӵôͻȻһ뿴׶˰
Цһͷ˵벻ҵݾȻôʱھʹݵĶ߰
ٺ٣ؽɲҪˣҸĹϵǲģڼĶӵôùԺͻص˾ݵߡʦЦ˵֪ʵ֮˺ܶϸĴ㡣
ȻӵҲ֮еˡ
ʦ˵ЩЦҡҡͷ˵˵ʵûԶӳ֣ҪһֻǿϧȻɱңͲܹ˰
ʦͷЩ֪ҲΪλûϢֱûȥǱߵԭ
Ѿûʲôüֵˣиϵǰ;ӲڣʦȻȥѡġ
ҲֻۣǾվ̫ظˡʦǺһЦ˸͹ȥˡ
Ǹ׸Ƶˡ
ʱѾߵƫȥ׼ͣ˱ϺõĲˮ
ʦ֪һʲôҪ𣿡ЦЦ˵ȻʦԸͿڰɡ˼ҵȨѾˡ
ʦһ˸ոնĲ豭˵ؽһȷġ
ʦ龡˵ͺãǵĹϵҲ֮ˣЦǺǵ˵ʦĸ仯ƺԼݻЩµģϾ˫ǴڵжԵ״̬֮С
ؽȱ̬ȣԨ۹һƬصչûκεֻ֪Ҹ˭Ĺϵã˭ңҾͻһֱ˭ãʦٺЦţһϵϸϸ۾гһ϶
⻰ﻹǺأĹҪ漴ͷ˵ʦö˵֮˴˵ûйϵ˵ˣ֮԰ɣ
˲ЦһţֻԱ߻еһ֪ǮԴǺ֮䵽׷ʲô顣
ðɣؽҲͲˡһ㣬ȷġʦͷ˵ϵЦݽһء
üͷһڹ¯ʱûмʦ˵ı֣ѵ˵ȹ¯֮ʱҪѲɣ
ؽһҵõһżʦ˵Ųһ󷨣Ǯ붼ߡ
ʦǮ빰˹ֱʾԼǸ⣬ǮЦЦҲ˵ʲô֪Լݺʵ̫ͣЩ֪˻Ǻܶ鷳˫ȥ˵ͯ
ЦЦʦΪɻʵ⵽ʲôżȻʦ˵Ľ
ֽӹż֮ǰСĵʶ̽һ飬ûзʲôףŽ˹
ϸһƣż֮ùдĸ֡
üͷһа߶ĸ֣Ȼַǳĸо·ͨⱾżǧ֮ǰĴڡ
һŨҵĹϢЩٻˡ
һŴӹϢ֮֮Ѿ鲼𺳺;ȡ
⵽ô£üͷʵ
ʦһ㶣Ϊ֪⡶ŻԾأȴôһ仰
ؽѵ֪⡶𣿡ʦʵղŵķӦȷЩˡ
һֻ³ڵһȦıѹſ˵ʦͷһ˵Сֹżղһֻ֮ǵصĹϢӿͽҵסˡ
ʲô
ʦһ⻰ޱȵվɴϸϸ۾һ˹ӿ
üͷһšɫΪƵ˵ʦлûиҰɣ
ԼķӦʦ֣˵ؽûпⱾż㿴Ȿż֪ΪʲôһôķӦˣؽΪ죬ȻѾﵽԪӤ֮ϣѰ
ô֪ԼΪ
ɻˣ̧ͷʦһۣԷһĵƺûƭԼŽĿ·ŻصⱾż֮ϡ
һεľڿʱѾ˼Сġ
һΣܵѹѾС࣬ĸֹ⻪΢΢һ֮󣬱㻯Ѱּûκεı֡
һЩָܵϣ֮ǰľ޴仯ѾСļСˣⱾż·ºܴҪǲС˵ʱ޶ûеطް
һüͷ΢΢ţ¶˾ķⱾĵһҳ
ˡ
ģһǿҵ֮ǰһ


537 
ҳ֮ϣһͼ
ͼ֮һʱʱ֣Ʋ֮¶Ӵϣ˶ͷ­ڵƲ֮Уһ˫۾߱
üͷššӦס˫۾Լǿر۾ٴʱвѾûκεвˡ
ҳ֮ϾȻһȻƲ֮£ɵһ˫۾㹻ҪˣһԼǰǽжôķӦأ
գգ۾ٿʱƺƶһλãһ˫˵۾ģ˲١
ף֮ȵؽ˳һԵʦ˹
ʦ۰Ͱ͵ؿʵǲ֪ʲôѵ˵ĶԼĲͬ
ʦķӦ￩һƺʲôæʵʦ㲻ڿšʱʲôûзְɣ
ʦһص˵ͷ˱˾ǵ˰Լڵõ⡶ʱǷѾ˼ȥоģֱΪֹûзʲôر֮һȥܹҵ
ⲻҪ
ؽܸ㷢ʲô˵ʵҿ⡶ܿߵ֮⣬û˿֡ʦʵʵ˵æģʱ϶ٲĳϯ˵ĻȻҪ˵ȫˡ
ͷ۾΢΢һ£ŽղԼһһʮظʦ
֮ʦһĴȣ˵ؽ˰ˣ˰ԭνԵ˾ǽ
ʱһͷˮؿʦֱĶԷëڨڨЦЦ˵ؽ㻹Ǽȥɣȫˣ֪˵Ļʲô˼ˡ
Ҳǲٶ˵ͷⱾġ
ʱ˿̣ͷѾȫ嶼Ʋ֮Уֻʱʱ֪Լղſĵȷ١
ҳ֮ѾûʲôÿˣڶҳӳǼ򵥵ּ
֮仯Ǭڣ
⡭ϵ˼Ǻܺģеĺȴ޷ȷ
󷭿ֵȴһֿǹݡ
ϸĶһ⡶ʲôˣһĹܹ֮ûΪ֮ӵǿ壬ս֮ʱǿ
һĹʦûУüͷʵܹⱾż󣬺ϡУΪʦԼĻǾЩ˵ͨˡ
ʦͷҡҡͷЦ˵⹦ˣɣΪҵ޷ⱾҪɡ
Ҫһ㶣ûпʲôҪڡ
ؽ㷭һҳⱾżıнܵġʦȻ˼æָ˵
һƣɲнôšԼֵͼĴ󶼷ʵе㶪˰
εؿһһƣ⹦֮
һΪΪ۷壻ڶǿ㹻ûиôǿŹǷǳģĻԵ֡
ôֹȷһܹﵽģǶϸˡ
ϲؽ˵ʵͦ뿴ѧ֮ʩչЧʦ˵еáĲá
ףʦԼһַʽɡ
ʦҪģվǿɵġֻοʦ漴ֿ˵ʦﲻΪҿⱾɣ
ʦٺһЦ˵һؽϻ۹ˡ
ʦҼȻѣǾͲҪˣʲôܹæȻȫԸġЦǺǵ˵ѾܹǰⱾżѰ֮пܲĶ
ΪⱾе̣Ͳܹﵽģ֮ǰһܹ
˵ˣԺ֮вûѰڡκϢˡ
ѻ˵ݶϣʦͷʰһĽʺޣһ˵ؽڵõⱾʱ֡
ʦ㽫һһʮظеûأʦԼûб֪ˡ
⡶ϢʦһżȻõһõƤﻭһͼͼмλһŭ
ʦͱΩΩФסˣڶ෽ȶ֮ȷ⸱ͼϵĵλá
΢׼һ֮ʦ㵥ǹƥĿһ·ּ趼ʦ֮Ŀ˷ˣһڴ֮µɽҵĿĵء
һ޹ɽ޹ͬһ㱻ɽĸط·޹̾Ͷɵġ
ֵطʦĵ֮Ҳ£Сĵ̽Ѱܡ
ʦǣط˿ɭֲ֮⣬ȻûκΣգʦǻɵͬʱҲʧ֮
ΪûΣյĵطζŲʲôջ񡣿ɾʦ޹ɽʱһĺǡ
ǳˣ𵶣ȭڴϱߣһ鼮øⱾ
ʦⱾż֮೤һۣûżУϸ̽һȷûΣ֮󣬳źǹؾϹõⱾż
żոյ֣ʦ࿴͸о޹ɽڶ̶̵ʱھͿʼݺͱ
ʦҾٵżȾܣһһ߻ͷ޹ɽѾһ޹Уŵȥ
Ҫ㹻ĿĻѾ޹и˽ȥ
ʱʦһһ֪˵زɾȥ
뿪ضʱʦĶ߾Ȼʮֹشһ̾ϢűһޱȵĻ㣬Եˡ
ʦ뿪˵ضҲҿšӱһ·ϻȥ˱ħݵ㣬ŸҰĵ̽龿
оãûзκε˿ֻǾⱾżǳ֣ҲûʲôЧƺżûôһ㡣
оֲʲôʦÿǵõһûô㽫żһߡ
جβŸոտʼ֮һʱÿʦʼרоݵʱ򣬾ͻһޣȴޱȵԼĶ߻صţ˵ŵ֮ǰǾ仰
㣬Եˡ
㣬Եˡ
ʼʦɺϣԼĶˣħϡɺÿ춼֣ҳֵƵԽԽˣʦŻ
ؽҲû˰취ȻʼѰܹҵˡʦ˵֮󣬳̾Ϣһһۣ˵ҾνԵ˵׻ʲôأȻҾͿǰҾ뵽˽㡭


538 
ʦ˵ˣһɬؿ
գգ۾ʦĻ֮󣬵ͷƬ֮󣬲˵ʦҾԵˣ
˵ʵ֮ǰҲѣֻǼǵΪ죬ǿѣԾֻпܣ֮󿴵һУϿ֤ؽǸνԵˣʦص˵Ѿϵĥıˡ
òҵ˿Ե˵ﻹһԶȫˡ
ЦСûѾԲҵİ
ȿȣȻˣʦҪʲôһʵ
ʦʱվڴؿ˵ؽȻ㺰һϸ磬ҾͲҪһԿʲôЧ
һԣ
ȷҪģϾ⡶Ҳ൱ǿĹܹѧᣬǶҲвİ
ðɣȻʦô˵ˣһ԰ɣ㲻ҪؽǺϵܵĺãȨһ֮󣬻ǴӦʦ
Ϊʲôڲʦıƺǵģ֮ǰ֪ʦΪʲô֪֮󣬵һʦ뷨
ʦ֮ϵ輫ߣȻʵ̫æˣʦû¶Խ̼ӣؾķչ
һ°˵ʦΪǺǿģʦǵ˸󷨴ʦͬʱֵõһԱĴ󽫾
ããϸҾͲҪһˣһȫϵ˰ʦǸмˣһʱǰĥˣҪȥǵضȥ̽һһ뵽ĥ飬Ļȥˣ㲻ûԼСߣɲǼ顣
ͷ˵ȻˣʦΪһɣҾﳢһ
ôӣʦﻹҲӦӦһߣһ߿ʼ󷨡Ȼ֮ԼǿȻǸǾ͵ʵʵ¶
ʦæŲ󷨣һЦֻһӣ㲼һߣ֮ʼϸоеġ
ʱһһţһʱ֮Ż³һϢżŵǰĵϣ۾ʼ״̬
⡶ڵļأһСֵܰչżص翪ʼת
ϵĹת·߷ǳأ˼Ҫľ֮⣬ȻתһЩƽͲõΣյ硣
ЩģϾЩú΢һĴ嶼ܵ˺
Ҫȷ⡶ȷģԲôؾʹӦʦ
Ѿʮǿˣиûܹ˵ľǿӲޱȣתԵĿ١
ɵչ·ʼת֮ŷԼˣķǳĳף
Щʮּ򵥵ľ磬תȥ֮󣬻谭о·ǱһɽŢ֮С
˲併
⹦ǹŹ֣Ȼõ־磬ְ֣̲סظп
Ȼ⹦Ź֣ɶϲͻңϲ˵ȴżջġ
ҧݣϵش߶ܣЩһһͨȻʼ˴ͨĵһת
顭
ھ֮ͬˮһŰǰţ˳ĳ̶ȳԤϡ
ھЩϸСƫƧʱܸûԤе谭֮ǰһٵͨ
Ȼͨʱʹ໹ǻеģٽڽս֮еõĺô
һĹѾٿһѭ
һѭ˲䣬Ȼһ£·Ǳصػһȭͷ
ĺ۾Ȼɴ󣬾ޱȵؿԼı仯
ڵѪҺͬһʼϵͣǱ˼Ѫ
顭
༱ţƺҪˡ
⡭⵽ô£ѵ˵ʦңԼ޷ʲôˡ
ٶԽԽˣĺȴɫͨ졣
ʶصͷһֻǡɢĿĽ⡣
ԽԽȻ߶ڵסˡ
ʱһص˲

һſھ³һѪ
֪ǲɺϣ³Ѫƫɲɵȫ䵽ˡⱾż֮ϡ
ŴͣؿԼѪǹżɵһɶ⻪һֻ۾һʹű㷢ǱżѾʧˡ
ţżûˣѵ˶ֽţ
ڹżʧ֮ϵʹཥҲػָ˹
üͷʶһɨȷûзֹżڡ
ѵҵ壿ʶ㣬Ȼ֪ܶ洫жǿ뵽˵֮еġ
ʶһ̽ȴûʶ͵ﴦѰʲô
ѵҼǴˣԣ϶еģüͷһšʼ̽һÿһֶϸز̽һ飬ڷǱżڡ
۾
ǱżȻ۾ߣ
ȷе˵ѾǹżɫСߡ
ѵν𣿡е㲻Լ۾һֱ˵Ĵڣɶȴǲ֪
Լǰʱһжôʵˡ
һüͷŬԼƽ֪״̬֮޷ȷжϵġ
ʱ˿̣һжָڵϣ˿Ǳż֮⣬һк֮ǰûκε
ԣ϶仯ģǱʧ٣ûκεı֡
ʶٴ뵽۾ȥȥɫСߡ
ʶӴ˲䣬оһɵÿһ䡣
𡭡
ģһŭ·ǴĻ߷һ㣬һûпסʶȻֱɢˡ
⡭ôܣ𾪵طŵ棬ղŵѾеˡ
ҧҧݣٴʶȥ̽ǽɫСߡ
𡭡
һεĶ·Ǽŭ˽ɫСһ㣬ֱŭ۾֮лζѣƺй޾ķŭ
ʲôҹȥŭѣ˻ⲻ֪ǲСֻԼ۾߰ӪկûķӦ
˭вġ
ôʶȥǽɫСߣ֮С߾ȻһȻ۾
ˡ
ֻԼ궼һԿܵѹ٣
㾹ȻҹӵǲСҺϲߣٸСߣ


539 Ϲ
Ȼ˵
˲ˡ
ʶ³֣е㻳ɸղԼĻþˡ
ôţһô꣬û˸ҽСߣֵͼĶôָ߹ϵĴʱͺƺСʮֲˬ
ˣŵվǷ֪ԼûʲôΣˣҪȻνԼݾͲôгˡ
ңҲ˺Լ˵û˺Լ
һƽ飬ЦǺǵ˵룬㻹ҽܰɣ
ҽܣûʱˣֻǲд⡶ϵһʶҪٸҷϻˣʶֱӾͺǵʮζҪɢ
ˣ⵽ʲô¶ڽˣ˵ȴһͨϻһֱߺʲô˷ʱ䡣
л˵ɣ˵Ѿȫ侲ˣ֮Ҫʲô鶼Ҫȵһ˵˵ˡ
ʶһ仰µûκƢˣشڴϢһ֮ſ˵ֻʱѾ
СӣܲͬǸ֮ˣΪλ磿ʶʵһڳԵϧûʵ
ʼ򣬺ν˵ԭȥˣ㲻˵ʱ䲻ΪλҪٹҵ飿ҿ㻹ǿ˵ν°ɣ
ûƢˣʼʶǲģ˵ٸԼЦ
ĬˣֻԼ˫΢΢̣ƺлҪðһûж˵ʲôٸԴеë׳һʱ䡣
ðɣʶ֮ǰ磬Ϊ׷ɱϹĵλ᧿ΣԽһȫͷ˳ȥǸϹһѪŴ˻ϻӣԼ˵˸һ
ԭǼٵģǴ罵˵Ϲ֪Ķֻʱˡ
Ϲһ쳣ǿ壬Ƿˮ𣬴ȫȨѿơ
һϹͬǵĳУ֮սƵƵ˲ϡ
ϹÿһڶǿսʿӳͿԲսҲϹǿԭ
ֻϹڻǿʵͬʱȴǵϹڷܵʱǳ鷳Ҫܹһÿһζֻܲһ
һģӷܵĻϹ彥뵽Σ֮С
һδսֱϹĸ֪޷ȥϹ壬㽫Ѫɢȥδ
ӣ硣
ڽ뵽ʱⷢˣ屻ǿĿռ䷨ƻˣΨʣһĨʶд
дʶ뵽һڣԼʶ꽥۷ʱʶҲָࡣ
ϧǣĳһʶ䣬ǿʶ˴ħ
վ۷״̬˲޷ƿԼһʵǿޱȣȴѪĹ
ʶΣյʱ򣬽ϵһЩֽţһ˿ʶڴԵ˵ĵĲдʶ
ʱͬˮ㲻ͣţһǼǧʱ䡣
ڼ䡶һֱѰԵˣϧ컯ŪˣûѰʵĴڡ
ֱĳ֣
ʦȥѨʱ϶ٻдһЩϢǶصϢͲֱܹģֻͬ˵ף
֪ԼԵ˻ҪˣŲϵʦ뷽跨ȥѰ
Щ˵̲סЦˣҲǹùģѲͣ˵ʦȥԼʦ벻ԼæĻҪȴˣ
˼Ҫȥæüͷʵ
ʶĬˣʱʶ̾Ϣһ˵ʵڽѾˡ
ˣղʶ˵ѵ
ұʶѾڰǰˡЩΣЩ
Ҳֻܹһʱˣû˱ֻܵȥ
㻹ҪҰʲô˼һûҵκεĿԣ㿪ʵ
ʶͷ˵ʵӦҰ㣡
ңˣѾĶһҪʶˣ̸̸ˣⲻڿЦ
ûƭ˼ⱾҲ֪⹦һɹܹ߱һ塣ǿʵͻͽ˵ԿˣӲŵ˵Ĺ⣡
û˵ֻǰţͬһɵһ㡣
ʶûԤϵķӦ˵ƽЦһڲˣðɣҪӦһΪ
ӣȤˡϴûϵڱ飬ˣҪôǱ㣬ҪôƱˡ
˵˵ԵĻܹӦ㣬̫ѣǾˡѴˣ˵ȷǸϵȹṵ̂ĵԼˡ
ʶǺһЦ˵İɣŹͬĵˣ
۾һʶ⻰˲;ñ˼ҸӶ֪
ˣҴϹ֮뿪ʱѾ֪һļƻƻĲ߻м룬ϹҲǱǸģǸ͸ӿЦˣΪǷˣ
⡭ģǼٵģ
ô֪˵ĲǼٻһЦ·Ͳ⡣
ҡҡͷʮֿ϶˵ľҲǸ˵ļƻǵȷڵģҲ²ûдڵ˵ӷǳѹ
⻹Ȼɫ䣬ЩϢôֵģֻҪǴˣ΢Ʋһ¶ܹ
ԣ
ʶôȻЦˣ˵СӣԷģϹ˵ѻģţֻǵֱӵһƻնĸǵ
˵һӣԴҪըˣ
ʶܹ֪飬˵û˵ˣ
µ񣬳˼˻֪ն֮⣬û֪֮ʶڼǧǰ磬Ǿֻ˵Ǹƻһֱıţֻǵһʱſʼʩչ
üͷţԴϵתţʼʶĻ
ûκεĴûκοѵĵط
Сӣܹȷûƭ˰ɣʶѾǿƽľ˵ֻƽľ֮ƺһġ
ʶһɨʶȻɢɢٶԽԽˣ
һŬƽʵ˵˵ɣ


540 ˵Ľ

ӦԼĻʶʱЦЦͬǴζ̳һ㡣
͵أʶЦһգ˵ԺʱΪ屨ʱ򣬼ǵҪϹ屨𣡶ңصʱҪⱾǣԺ󽫻Զѣ
ͷȻǰǿˣȻǸµȻûԸȥǡܹõ꣬ǻԡ
ãֻҪҵ㹻ˣһᾡģɫ˵һسŵˣֻҪŵ˵ͻᾡȫȥ
ããСӣ֪ǵѨʲô𣿡ʶȴһ£㿪ʼץʱתƻ⡣
ҡҡͷ֪͹ˣ֪ҲԸȥ˵һϻûûˡ
źǿұźʶ˵ӵбĻλ
ֻöͷ亹ֱðģźȻ˵Ƿǳ󲻼٣Ӧûʲôôɣ
ƺǲʶٺһЦ˵СӣɱСźûź㶥ܹȫı仯Ϊ
һ㶣ڵõⱾʱû뵽Ҫȫ任
֪ǿ󣬵㲻ҪˣҲйҲԶ̹ģܹȫı仯㽫Ϊ޵еĴڣ
ȻˣԼǽ뵽һ֮С
˭˵ӵ֮壬޷ʩչĹֶˣ
ȫ֮֮תͬʱӵǿ幥ǿķ
ҼȥˣÿһķչǻܵƵģеǿеʶǿеܹʩչǿĹ
ɲһ壬ûܹЩģ
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ʶһΣһϢ͵Ժ֮С
ҵźʱڰɣסҵıѾħˣںϵʱһҪֱģҪȥħӰ׼ʱΣղϣǵסľͺãʶ΢Щĵ˵ֻ֪ǿ󣬵Ǿжôǿ治
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ʱʶ˵ˣǱһž޴ĲӬʺҭסһ
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ˣ˵֮εؼһĨˡ
ΪЩȨ˵Ұģ֪ж˻ޡ
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壡ҧгݵ³֣Ѿ˲Сı仯
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壬ǲ赼ϲʿϵµĴһֺƽ״̬ܹģɱ¾֣ܹ֤Ȩƽȶ
һڿԺߵĸ뷨ͷ˵ҲʧģİɣһصʱֻϴԶ
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뵽ȥ۾ߵǲûʲô֮󣬱ĵؽ۾ȥ
۾ҷŵȥȻסˣ֪Լŵȥˡ
ŵԴʶߣ²ôʣѾвٶˣ˵ʵе㵣ĵԺںźʱ⴦ʶеԼһӰ졣
ķ飬޵ĵطûа
Ҫͷŵߣ
ҲУﴢѾǧռܣͿܵϲ̶ȣѱ֮󣬲ɵ
аҵ׸ðŵȥأЦţеﻢˡ
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ģͬٻһ㡣
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Ϲǿ֮壬ǿĸ࣬಻ǿ޷ܵסǿ󸺺ֱӾͻᱬ
ͷ߰ɣѪ벻ЧһѾ¶⡣
̰ܵģرΪһ·ߡ
ոһȥҪȴѾ೹׵طסˣͳȥ
ϾԼΪ߰ˣȻԸⱻһסǷԱܵķӦ
Ҳֱӷܷ֮࣬ȥɣ
Ѫζ߶ǲܰ
ֻԼûз֣ڱѪȾԭɫѾ÷ˡ
ţѵ˵һŶ˵طˣüͷһǹճһĨõЦݡ
ܹԼı仯֮ѪʼԶ͸ڣҪȫͬΪԼһ֡
Щ뵽תһȦֳѪҺϵʱû·ѪҺȼͷ޾
ָоǺüˣھһȭܹһˣ˫ȭһգǱžըǿռ䶼ЩŤˡ
һ֣Чǳ⣡
֮ȷǷǳ£ܹõȫź֪ʲôӵЧأѵĿԱһ𣿡
ĺ΢ʵѾˣĿûֹͣ


541 ֮
ԼĪʱ֮еѾȫѪɫͬвŵһѪ
ţѾȫΪԼһˣ֪ܹﵽôǿЩ뵽ղŵѾĳˡ
աĹתֻ߸ոճѪҺ·Ҫըһ㣡
ͣͣ
ϴŵ·˲˺ѣһ˿ң
֮࣬ϸز鿴ı仯ִڵλÿʼһѪɫĺۼʼӡ
һ˺ѰʹıƤѣȴһѪûʡ
Ƕ֮һƬƬۼð˳ͬˮһ˷ӿ
һϰͱѪɫƬѪɫâ˸ѣʮ㡣
꣡꣡
⻹û꣬ϰƬ֮˫ֵָָ׿ʼ˳Ȼʮצӣ
˫˷ܣֻԼڱ仯֮ͷǿѾ࣬ԶԶԼ֮ǰļޣ
ãܺã֮Ȼ鴫˫۵ɵԲĸ˾ͱˡ
ģ·һǿϢǻ߲ˣһҪ˻ŭХĳ嶯
΢ѹһ£ʱֻܵҪƺҪһɤӲ¾޷ȥˣ
ͺɣʲôЧ
Ǵ󷢲ƣҪȥˣҪ಼üѾˣֻϣʦ㹻
һͬǷйķŭһ㣬ŴͣŭȻ
𡭡
һ೤ȴޱȵŭ𴫳һǿޱȵΪ㣬ǰӿš
꣡꣡꣡
ļѵһŭԼ󷨶ˣ
ŭ˲䴫ͼǣ˶ޱȵͣеĻƣɴ۾ķ
ڵĳ
صȥֱͼϷƲ㶼ˡ
һڸ߿γɣҡװβһ֮˲ʧ
ʱĳУЦ⣬̧ͷϷѾ͸һ޴󶴵ĳݶ
һﳼһЦ˵ɢһɱ֮ǰӰԵǿƵϢ
̧ȥÿһǵһӡ
⡭⡭⡭ԶʦѾɵ۾ϰۼ׸ŵѾ֪˵ʲôˡ
һǿĿ־ĵײʦ̲סҪ򵹰ݷҪΪǲѾŵ˰ɡ
΢΢һתʦѾſڵأ˹ȥǮ롣
ðɣеˡ˼˵
ϵƬٵˣ±ˡ
ϵܣ㡭㡭ʦŷģѾ޷ˡ
ʦһҪл㰡Ҫ㣬ҲôһݻԵЦ˵ʦݴʵ̫˰
ʦԼҲ֪ġжôǿɡ
ʦٺЦЦҲԼࡣڶһݴԵʦûʲô֮ģΪ޷ﵽҪȻţƵľ˰
ϲϵעҪΪģʦһʱ䲻֪ʲôԼļˣݲݵ˵ôһ仰¶ˡ
ͷԺ϶ҪҸúõشлһʦģʲôҪûкʵĻˡ
ǿǮô˰ɣһʶǮһɨûзʲôףŷˡ
ʦ΢΢ҡͷСӵʵҲ̫˰ɣ߾Ȼʵôǹ˵ġ
ǰǮŪ֮Ǯһ۾ĵһӦ໵һɤӺ˳
ֻԼüͷһĿʵǲ֪ô˵ˡ
Ǯ٣ҪˣأϸذοţԱߵʦһ񺮣ҺǮûпղŵģҪȻ϶ߵġ
ؽղŵʲôôô£ҳôûмôֲʵǮɥһǻ˵
ڰ֣˵ȿȣ˼ҸһֹͻƣԲŻģ
ǮһֻǿһĨغ;塣
ؽǸһȻȥɣıŵˡǮеǱվŬŰ׾ϼһ˿Ц˵
ͷ֪һǱŻˣڰˡ
ӵǮʩһ֮ͬ׷һ㣬ƴľˡ
εҡҡͷЦʦ˵ʦô𣿡
ȿȣ˵ʵղŵȷͦ˰ʦһ˵
˶һۣűǴЦ
ؽ⡶ǽˣҲҽʹ࣬˵ʵҲһ˫˰ʦЦǺǵ˵
ͷʦʲôҪܿڣܹؾĻǽؾĸְ
¶ˣ
ʦ֮ǰ㿼ǹ⣬ıħΪԭѾң߰ĵطȥˣ˵ħ֮Լ͵ˣ֮û߻Ϊħܹṩ㹻Ĳϡ
ͬˣ֮ϣʦ֪ԼҪǿܹܶ࣬ߣкܴĺô˵ܹһ¥
ϵϸ˳ëĻԸΪؾһӣʦЦ˵ܵǸоģôʲô
Ҫǲˬʱ˾
ͷЦݵ˵ʦİɣֻҪؾһ죬Դ㶼ӵʹȨģ⣬û¶ҲԶоһ
ذըܹʦԵĶ
ٺ٣ϵ֪Ǹӵˣϵĺܶණû϶ߣԺҪ˰ʦͬһո͵һͷЦ˵
ˣʦ㻹øһˣ˵ǸѨ߻ҪĶֱӿ˵ʦ϶ҲҪȥһ̽ġ
ʦеԥıǵطŵˣһ뵽ǳɹˡԵˣûʲôµˡ
û⣡ֲֻͦģʱһҪСļСİʦµ˵ɲΪǸطԼС
һЦ¶һںÿؽݣ˵İɣ֤ȫ̽Σ֮ĵһҪ
ȻˣʲôʱȥǵطǲԶǻĹŴɽΧʦ˵ʲôһ㣬ϵܣҾûǲҪ̫˹ȥˣΣյʱҲһ㡣
ͷʾԼ֪ˣҲġ
黹Խ֪ԽãϾɲһض
һͳɣ˰


542 Ѩ
ĺͣȥʦһУԼǻص߼о⡶ˡ
òϵǣʼŹûʲô棬ֻǸ֮ɸղһʩչ֮һе뷨ҪصõźԼܹʩչʲôӵĳ̶ȡ
ܹб仯Ϊһ죬ֻһôĳأ
ڴʱ֮м尾š
ڶ峿Ѿźһĺִ֣мͨѶˡ
ʦһС͵ļٷֱϷȥ
Ĳٿ֮£ٶȼﵽ˼ޣ۵糸ؾȻһʱ֮ھ͵Ŀĵء
ϵǼٰǵѨڣʦ̾˵ɻȥһʱȵͼǿǶһ
һЦ˵ҵר
˵꣬ʦɫЩΣԼ˵˻󷨱ʦǿ۾߸ͲҪⲻҪ˼ǿʦ
Ǹʦûб˼˼˵ֻͿе԰ס
ʦһЦ˵ϵܵʵĿõģҪǫʲôģҪȻҲæˣԲ
ʦˣ߰ɣһɲԸ˷ʱˡ
˵أһǰһǵѨȥ
ѨĶڱʦʯסˣվʯԣͣסӣüͷ΢΢
ʦʱһ𣿡ʵʶѾչȥ̽ΧĻˡ
ûһ˴ڣҲûκεڣ·һƬأ
ʦüͷϸϸ۾ﾫ˸ѣ˵һģҾûб˸ˣ
һģûб˸٣Ǿֻ˵طѾ֮ĵ֪ˡ
˻˭أ˶Щɻ
ҪǵһʦЩļµ˵ҪԼ뵽Σ֮С
룬˵Ȼ˱ȵһܹƽʦ㲼õش˵ΪһǿǵȲȶûʲôˡ
˵Ҳǣ˵Է֪ѾˣȻˣǾͽȥ˵ɣʦһҲǣʩչֶΣǰʯŲ˵ط
ôǱһ˿ҵãһԷûзԼѾأ
ʯƿ֮¶һĶѨ߾ܹܵһɹɺɭϢϵðš
ѹʦҪطôǿҵϢҪ˾϶ֵᷢġ뵽ΪʦϸһøС
ϵܣǽȥɣʦΧ˼󷨺ͻ֮󣬶˵
Ȼ֮Ҫǿ٣ʦȻŵؾԼ󷨿Խ󲿷ֵ˶ŪȥȻҪٲֵˣýĻǵýΪʵﵽĳ̶ֳ֮û˵ĸ²㹻Ч
ͬħһڣͷʦȫ㻹ǸҺ߰ɣҵĺ󱳾ͽˣ
ʦӦһڰԼֵΣգȻ
һǰһ˽ȥ˫΢΢⣬ܿӦⰵ޹Ļ
ʶʱûдȥãΪʶ̽龪ŵĳЩڰˡ
ʦСĵ룬ҪκεΣҵİšʶ˵ҪġΪʦ֮ǰǱдʶڵĲᣬڹؼʱӡ
ʦͷȫעصɴ۾ϧǵС۾ڰ޹Ļ֮иûжô
ţÿһ̤¶κεĺۼûУֻƶʱЩ
Ѩ֮ڵͨƺԣ£һ¡
һĹ֮üͷ壬Ѿ½˴Լʮɵĸ߶ˣʲôʱܹף
Ҫͨڰޱߣֲ֪òܹףʱ˵޴ı仯
һʱ䣬е̲סˣʶ΢΢һֳһƼΪϸСʶǰչ˹ȥ
ò̽·ˣһͨףҪϼ켸ҹ
ҪĻǲõȥǰһѨͰѸðˡ
ʶһֱȥ߰أЩ谭
ʦǰﴦһţʵʶ̽ĵطѾûΣˡ
ʦͷѹӰ˵ǵģһʯţߵʱѾرˣϱ߼󷨡
Ѿˡ˵ԷֶβȻʦ󷨶ܹɸ㶨
ûʯŴκǿƻĺۼ˵ǰ߽ͬ󷨸֣
˵һ󷨴ʦ
ʦԨ۹ԼΧߣû󷨴ʦüͷ˼һ֮󣬻Ǿһ£Ϊ˴֮½뵽˶Էõ֮С
ʦͿڻӦʦ󷨸ֲ࣬Ԩ۹Լˮ۹һӣĹҵû˵мʦѾԶģڲ֪ʲôˡ
ȻʶˣܹȽɵƽʦ󷨵ҲǴʦģͬȼ󷨸ֶ󷨵˽ⶼ࣬໥ֶ֮Ҳơ
ϵܵ˼Ǵʦ󷨸ˣʦɫЩѿһɻƺš
ʲôط֮ͬϲһµģȲĶȶ
Ϊʦĸ֣ʦʱҲϲȥսˣڳ֮ϵرսˡ
սսȥʱ䳤˿϶ἤìܣһìܱ˳ޣȻͱɼۺ죬ۺ͵ÿˡ
ҾǣΪҪۼؽ⿪󷨣ҪôͬˮƽģҪôǱߵģͷֿǲҪ˵ˡ
ǵСһ㣬˸ֽšʦСĵضΪ˵
û˵Լʶ鲼Χڶʮҡ
˵ٶȶȻʯŴȥȻͬˣǾͲҪ̫غۼˡ
ˢˢӰʯ֮ǰ̧ͷһʯſʮֵĹ졣
ܹĳʯһʯĵ̶ɵģʯȣһѾƿһ˽Ŀȡ
ʯΧһƬžϸӡӶûС
ʦʲôͬ𣿡գգ۾ʵϾ֮ǰʦԼõ󷨣صзȨȻʦˡ
ѾڣֻȷЩʦµģЩİɵġ
ٺ٣ȷͬˣˣʦٺһЦһ˿Цݣ˶Ǹг𰡡
ЩԾˣ֪ʦΪʲô˵ȷˡ
ˣ󷨻ϢȻʵ


543 ʦ
ʦٺһЦΪ˵ʱҲѪȻ뷨û뵽ڻвЧ
ֻ𣿡ͷʵʦȷǷǳ˵Σս͵޶ȡ
ֻˣһǺˮ۹̲أһǸؼһʦʮȷ˵ֻ˵һ˵ʱЩȷ
ʦ˵˵˽һЩ
ˮ۹󷨴ʦΪ̲أǸسֵļһøʦª⵹Щ⣬֪ΪЩ󷨴ʦǳªޱȣѵֻñȽϺÿ
̲ҲǸţƵʱϲо󷨣ʱ򻹻ͨҹоֻ츳ȷеǷȱһʱܹѧĶҪһ죬ʱ䡣˱Ǳ˵㣬һżֲĺġ
ÿһֻҪʲôĵطһֱȥоֱŪˣŪ˲ŻȥԷˮ
һѵȥˣǸϲʦһ
ֻǾ̲ôŬȥоʦȻһûֵ޷ϱ̫Զġ
ϧվСԼϲͽ̲ױǸ¶־ʦŰʦֵ۸ʱ䳤⡣
Եɺ֮£̲صõһżϱ߼һعֱܹɵ˵ļ츳ʵ
ֹֻǳģҪɹĻҪؽԷԵҪϵسŶԷǶԼϮ
أ̲˸ᣬԵԼĴʦ֣Ǹϲ۸óļһ
˴ʦ̲֮˸طһ£ڳصʱ边ȻǴʦֻҪǿࡣҲļ̳˴ʦֵΪ츳
һΣ̲ˣʦһȴʦֻҪǿٵ̲أ͸ı˶̬ȣǱĵؽ
ڲһʱڣ̲ؾѧϰʦı£ּĿ̿Զˣʵɿ졣
ϧ⻹޷һκͻȻ£ʦ˹
̲û˿ԥؾ͸ԼʦҩȻ֫ϣسԵˡ
̲֮һٳΪʦ֮ǿĴڣΪţ
̲֮ظԼ֣ȥݷ󷨸֣ÿһζԷȶ
ҲǼãʤ֮ںˮ۹еˮƽѾˡ
־˼ͻƣ̲ɵһӽʦĸ֮󣬳Ϊ˴ʦĴڣ
һԱԼĴʦˮƽӦûôȶɣʵĹˣǶ˵ĳͷἫ
ʦ̾Ϣһɬ˵̲µĵطˣ̫ˣǹĸþȻӲظɾǿ
Ƚ˭һЩʦʵʵ˵ͺãȻʵʵʶʵŲ˺ߵһ仰
սһ΢ǿһ㣬ֻеĻҲĶ֣ʦ̹Ȼ˵ȻǸˣһֱϲؽ棬ֵͼĵֶȻϲ
ɶ̲˵ЩֻҪܹţܹøǿŲôأ
һأ̲ôţƱ̬ˣһǸӡ
ʦЦһ˵Ҷ̲غ˽⣬ҲΡֻǸǸˣû˼Ŀ˼Ҳˡ
ôǿ
ԽԽ˼˰
ǹճһĨЦݣͣʱ䲻ˣһֱûʲô̫޵ǷǳսԵ顣ϾʵѾԶԶسĶ֣ԸĻ⿹һ£
Ȼֻܻ֮ˡ
Ϣȷϵģһüͷ˫۶ʦ˵
ʦڰ֣ûκϢˣҲǸ̲֪һֱϢ˵̲غ֪Ϊʲôԭ򹴽һĴŲ֪ʲô顣Ǹ̲ܹȷϣӦþͲˡ
ԭˣһҲǲܹȷ
ôǾûбҪ˷ʱˣֱӽȥɣƽ˵ûΪֵĵš
ʦȴûнӻ֧֧ƺԥ
һۣɻĺܡ
εЦЦʦǺ˵ϵܣ˶Ʋ磬ǻҪСĵĺðһ֪һ·ǴǱ߹ȥ
벻˰ɣҪˡʱһһֹǴ򲻹ԷҲܹһǣԣǾͲҪڵģ󷽵ȥѰɣ˵ƺûпʦɫԽԽѿ
갡ʦͱߵĶڵǶǣڲϳ˸̣ⲻû¶ҳ
˭ôţƣ˭ôࣿ
һ˲䣬ʦԺ߱ĳôԻһֶû˵Ϊҡ
ãϵܣģҪСĵ㰡˲ǺǵģʦЦǺǵ˵ֻܹԵزʦڳ鴤ţȻ˵Ĳôһ¶
Ҳ⣬ûôʱ˷ѣǵ˾ʹ˾׷
ٵʱ䣬һʯŵķ϶֮УһŤ뵽С
ͬһȥˣʦг˳һĭûоԼĵӾȻôС
ģʦƴˣһѣٲ񱾴ʦҲˣʦҧгݵ˵ɴ۾ϵ¶ˡ
ʦٵʯŴһҪʱ͵ͣɫȴе㷢졣
̫ˣ޷ŽȥȻŽȥ͸ˡ
֮£ֻܹƶһʯţռŴһ㡣
ˡ
ʦʯŵһ˲䣬ռ
Ϊƽ𶯣ûʲôط̮һ־źţǰˣˣ
ʯ֮ڲֱ̽ԼҪһʦôһֱһͱôأ
ʦŻ˼ԣŤͬСһε˵ϵܣ˼ϸ̫ˡһȥ
εЦЦҡҡͷ˵ʦѾˡ
ţȻĻǾûбҪˡϵܣһݸϷװҵͽܣҺúÿһˣٺ١ʦͷԼĹҲûа취ôզأ
֪һҪɴͲ˵ˣһվʦԡ
Ϊ˸õʦϵϺ͸һ۵ģȷǸͽܡ
ʦ˸ĴָŹһŵرԣȻֱӳɤӺ̲Ǹأʦ
еѨ֮лصԽԽԶ
¡
ǻصʧʱ򣬻û˻ظֻʯȻպ޴졣


544 ʦ
ٺٺ١


һֹ֯}˵ЦʦͷƤֱӷ顣
ʦһۣͷͬʱ߲һСɵ󷨣Ϊľ󷨵ʱ辯档
ߣװŪүүˣʦһʮ˵ﻹһֵķ緶
ֱ飬ҪҪıô찡
ʦȴǲܣƺѾһأɤš
ⷽȻͼȷǷǳЧġǹЦֹͣһŷŭ˻ӣҪǴӦ㣬Ͳ𣿵ͼǸ󷨴ʦ
ٺ٣ڿϳˣʦһЦͲں˵ķϻ
һӰǰð˳ͷֵһͷܣֻ˶ĶûһС
ʦе̲أ
ģֵط㻹ҸҲѵͲ𣿡̲Ц˵˿ʦС
үǰװˢү֪үһָˣʦʾغżǲ̲ǲݵġ
̲عЦţţǷڴЦͬʱĲţʮֶġ
ģΪһͽܹˣҪˣҿɲһģ̲غٺЦЦƺдҳԶˡ
ʦһϲҪЧֻҪСǾѾԼҵλϱߡ
Уһ˾ܰʰˣοǶһͽܣʦƲƲͣԼĻûеȴӲװţơ
Ŷʲôʱôˣ˵ͽѾҪˣȻҲĺڰ֮У߳һɫӣˣɳƵͳ
ʦͫȻóԾ
ҾǸûл˼ҵ˵¶۾ߣɢŵɫâ֪·ӳĳģǱɫ۾
ϸؽ˸һǿ˵ΪܸߣѾǰ벽ԪӤΪƶʱĲǿԱǵ󷨴ʦݡ
У̲ҲҪ𣿡ʦץס˻ӵ˵
ٺһЦȻû˵⵹һԵŲһüͷֻصĺܺãһ˲ʧˡ
ģֵͼֶ֮Ĺϵô𣿡̲صϿʲô飬ֻһֱӵʦƺʦֻһС󣬸ûʲôв
˵̲غ˵˵ûʲôв
ʦһתƣ֪ҳһǩһݣһ˵һֱ˵Ƕģôڸѵ˿ζˣ
ζûлΪʲôͲҪ֪ˣ㻹ǿǸôĺã˿ӵ˵˴ڼ˲Ѿλڵϱˣ˵ôûʲôô
ʦͷһЦǾ˽ߵĶ𣿲ǵĶôڣûô
ô˵֪ˣ֮ǰΪβأ˻ᣡ̲ػЦЦһʴָ
ֻһ񺮣λ󷨴ʦȽǾʦȽ˳ۣҲԼʦ
ᣬָôܽһأʦЦѣȻս
ˣϻˣ̲أһٶȶָɵ˵ɣ΢΢һ²ӣƺѾûԡ
̲ɳƵЦû˿
ˣǸСҸᣬֻҪˣҺ̲ضԵʦҾ츳ǺܲġƳһһֱܵû˵һ仰˵
һ⻰ˣƨ츳Ҫ֪ҵ츳λʦϻôࣿ»ֱӳҪԼͽ˰ɣ
˵𣿡һЦڵ
Ӧһ㶣û뵽ķӦôƽͲӦеķӦ
ټϸоһɺܹϢ޷ʵжôǳ
ѵСӵʵʦҪǿֻΪҪװʦͽأ΢䣬Լƺ¶ʲô
ģһ󵨵ȴǳпܵ뷨Ժ֮Уѵ˵СӱʦҪǿ
ǳǳҲΪʲôôȻԭ
СӣװǸ׳յͽܺܺ˵滰ĻֱȻܹǱõ֣ĬǸֵĿܣֿ̽
ƲƲͣȽǰ˵ݣѲ²Ҫʲô
ʦҾǻ߰ɣûдŤͷʦ˵Ĺ⻪˸ѣƺڴʲôϢ
ʦһ⻰Ϳһ֪ڸԼһҪСģֵĻʵ»ǿ˵Ѩ֮Ѿǲúõˡ
ߣΪʲôҪߣǲǾʦҴ򲻹ʦŭ˵ȴڸɫ
ģͽܶ˵򲻹ˣѵ㻹˷ʱ𣿡̲عЦ˵ץסʦĻᡣ
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̲ضʱˣ˰СںŪԼ
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ãǾҿûгɣʦжʱ׳ջ᲻Լء
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֮ʦ˫ڶͬԼ߲߰˵󷨣̲رȶ
˴֮󣬱СΧƶţΪս
Ͼ֮սΧǺܹģ˵û㹻սʩչһ̶ʵķӡ


545 
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˿·ģֻ̲Լ찡
ӣעҪУ񣡡ʦ̲Щ̲صΧ󷨣ŹЦ
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⡭ǣ㡭ôܣ˫˲ɴˣϢʵ̫ϤˣǴĿ갡


546 Ŵ
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һؽ뵽֮У˲ǽһ㱡Ĥһ񣬾ûĸо
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Դ϶ٵתţܹڳǿʵ֮⣬϶벻Դġܿ죬뵽һİ취
ǲҪˣڰֱ֣ӿԼѾڼȥˡΪȥĺܹеġ
˵ɣ֪ʲô취˵ϵĸ߰ȴԽˡ
һſӣ;һŭϧȴҷŭ鷳
ҿ԰ϵļ壡ǴһµͨѶ㣡˵˵Ļðڵ˶𾪲ѡ
ѵ˵Ļ紫Ͷ
ܹ籣ϵ
ģ㾹Ȼˣѹôأ̲ǵһ̲סأھ
һ̲İ׳գͲķѶϸܹɸ㶨
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ͷ˵ԣڲ㣬ȸ˵˵βΪҲ֪ǲƭң
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⻰˵ʦ̲һ㶣񶼱óԾ
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˶һۣӶԷ֮п˵ǣҲż뿪ȵȿ˵
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ͨѶϵһ㶼˸ϵҴûϵǣΪҪķѴʯһһŬԼƽ
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553 Ϸˣ
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ԷģҿԶģʶ˵ϧ˵֮Լе㲻ͷˡ
ǵģ֮ǰԻĽ󷨣ҪֿЦƭȻǲܵˡ
Ҿ˵Ǵľǰ׳𣿵ʱˣҪǸû˿ôŪң̲סЦˣһʵ̫˼ˡ
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̲һ仰Ҳû˵ֻĬĬظʦȥѾˣʣµܲľͲˣøԼҪ鷳
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Ѿŭˣŭ״˻˼˵㲻Ҫ̫ˣ
Ȱ㻹ǲҪܵĺãΪٶȸ޷׷ҵģǺһЦ΢һ˫ȣƺԼٶȫŰ㣡
ĬˣͬǷ˴ĺӱѵһ㣬ֻеŭѾﵽ˶⣡
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Դ߳һʺţѵ˵߻ʲôƲɣ
ⲻܣĵӦþǸ壡

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ҲԥֱӷɹԺ
ҵıըͬһ㣬ûĴڡ
һûзɹٴγûҲӦ˰ɣ
Ҫȥģð˳һȻǳԡ
𾪵ǣһȾȻӸӲؽضˣ
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ҡҡͷҵ뷽ʵ̫ˣѵ˵ֱܼӾ˲ɣ
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ͬǽ뵽֮һ㣬û˿谭ľͽ뵽ߡ
һЦģǸӣǶǶ
ͣ¶ۼһﶼ֪һҪʲô
䣬Ѫں𣡡΢ŵֻȻԼѪ֮ѿһѪˮںϵ֮С
ѪҺ˳ʿɫѪɫ
ãҪ϶ΪһֹǾûа취ˣ̲ƺǲʲôֱӴߴٵһ˵һѾչ˹
üͷһš˵϶ΪһȷЧ
ֱһ󾳽ģǽ۷壬Ϊǲ֪ǳǺ϶Ϊһ֮͵ΪӦԪӤнףʱֻ·һ˰̲عȻ֪Ķһ㣬ɴ˲Ѫ˿˫ۣŭ
ģ֪ղžֱʰˣڣԪӤڵΪȷǹֲˣԷѡԱĻԻ˵ġ
Ҫָɾûô˰
֣ȽƣȻƻԴԴûںϵ˵϶ΪĴڵġʶĲ׽ϸڵı仯æں
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һ֮ǰõ֮ϣһѾȥˣ󷨵ķ˹򣬷˵ĺܡ
ҪƵһ󷨶ҪһηɹҪεĹ
ܵ˼ǲģҧҪ̲ڣǽĽ֪Σ
Ҫ˷ֵһĻںɣùľˡ
¡¡ľұըУ󷨱һĴݻ٣˵ɫҲԽĽˡ
֮дݳϢԸܵΪֱȻѾ˰벽ԪӤľأ
ģһ㣡ٿһ㣡ʦŭеĹҪһضȥұ¶ӿˡ
ҪˣѾˣ̾ϢһͣеĹ
ʦһ㶣һ߹һʵϵܣƵһЩһЩ֣ͣ
ڰ֣˵ںѾˣôŬˣ
Ȼô죿
˵üͷһ壬ͣеĶ
ǵѾˣƵͬһϸһƣȻ忪ˣ
λ׼սɣһȥ˼Ѿս׼
Χľۼţļȫݻٵˡ
ʦ̲ߣҲΪô˵ˡ
ǼĻЩӿԷʵ


554 ں
ķ֮䣬һ֮ϾȻȻ˺Ũơ
׽һﾹȻѾԪӤڵΪʦĲ˼飬Ҫ֪Ѿûгֹ½ԪӤڸ˰
׽ٵĻӦûᾭ׽٣ôпֱӱΪƬ̲ص۾һƺǿһĨϣ
˭룬ϣܿͱһˮˡ
Ҫˣ֮Ầ¶ɽ٣ҾǶɽҲ˺ģЦ˵κ˵ǺϢ
ǡǸǺãܾܲŰɣ̲ϵܸӣԴӳΪ󷨴ʦ֮Լû顣ֱڣ֪ʲô
һͷ˵ȻһҪϣ໥ιˡ
˶٣˵һĿңҵĳԵһƴĹҡ˾͸ȥѰ㣬ҵ㣬ǾͿʤˣ
ϵܣǿԪӤڵΪܹܵס𣿡ʦ޵ĵ˵ʵ뷨Ӧץ뿪ط
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ȻĴʱ䲻̫õģֻҪȵɢ֮ǾͿˡ
ʦЩǾͲҪˣҼȻ˵ͻҵֶΣǰ˵ͺáһԽϬ
ʵû뵽Ȼ˱ֱ̬ӽںϵڣֱӱ仯ΪһĴڡ
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˵ʵЩʧģû뵽ǵĵӾȻôС
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ȥɣںһӾȻֱԾ𣬸߸ߵر˿С
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װĺٴںſڱ³һȻ׼ȷؽƶ·߸סˡ
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ҪɱңҪʵˣЦԪӤڵΪûзУ
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һĹ˳ǿֱӽܺɽַΪƽء
һԣʦ̲ؿۻң̶ֳ֪ϵսͲܹİֲޱȵĳͲܹġ
죡ʲôϵܶȰʵ̫Σˣʦ˵ʱѾعˣܾذں彫ɱžǵˡ
̲ؽӦѾױˣǿĴ治֪ʦιϵġ
СҪɵҵĻղȫɵؾͽʰôһֱˣһֱڶԼʵĸоأѵĵ߻ֹڴˣ̲ذ̾ǿʮġ
˫۾ͬ˲·Ůһ㣬ֱöں忴ţɵӶҪˣûзʲô
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ںƯڰУԴϵŲȥѰĿ깥ÿһۿžҪ䴩˵ʱǻʮֹضܹȥ
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һʵѾԤˣھԲԪӤڣԪӤڸڣһüˡ
ںʵѾﵽԪӤڣټصǷǿ˵ԪӤڸˣԪӤڳڶôױƵġ
˫ֱֱضǻûɢȥ̳һ鴤Ѿ
꣡
һɫĹâ˲û뵽֮ǰڵλãٴγֵʱǵطűը
ҺͬѪҺһķţȻŨҵĸʴԡ
ںµˣ㿴ղǴ﷢ĸʴҺ𣿡ʦ۾һֻҪб仯ʹĺġ
ֻҪܹжϳıǴ﷢ģǾͻѰ
̲һ㶣Ҳûע⵽ʦԼӣҡҡͷ˵ûз֣ʶ谭ˣںǻʵ̫ˡ
Ӿͺܺãּ꾭µǻۣӾԲһһô򵥡
ϵܣһҪСİһʵ̫ˣеĻǾܰɣͺˣʦѾżˣԭܹƽֵѾ뵽·ˡ
ʱһãĻԽԽ󣬵ʱҪܶûлᡣ
Ǹ飬ҪңڻûжֹΪľǸ˴ĻᣬҪȻһ˻治һܹ
Դ֮ûԪӤڸսЩ벽ԪӤǿ߻ϾͿԺԲˣǵΪԪӤڸ̫ˡֻӵԪӤڸֵֶΣԼԹʽ˽϶û̫ĸı䡣
ҲνΪˣľȴûиϵξ档

͵أǰ̳ٵɢһȻǰ
˾治ѵں徹Ȼһſţֻ֧վţֻǰ쳤˲٣һܱ
һڹ꾹Ȼѧ˼ҹӵԴûëɣ
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ɹںǰըǿĳֱںǰٶ͵һ١
˿ñըĳܵ˹˫֮ľ롣
ٺ٣㲻ϲսǾһ°ɣںȻڣźϲѵ¶һݣֱš


555 򲻶ڹ
ãȻҪҾͷ㵽ףսҲһȼˣͲ㣬ֻΪȡʱˡ
Ȼ㶼սԼǰˣкεȥܶһѣ
սսս
һһս֣ޱȣһԵʦ̲ض̲סѪڣ
ǵҲˣΪ˵ؾսǿǸؽôôԲǴţģ

ںŭӦű˫ŵأֱ
һΣҲˣ˫ͬŻȼţηسȥ
أ
һͷײĲֻײһһ㣬ӲޱȵȻһ˿˿ʹо
üһȻǺǼ򵥵һײܹӵķ̾˫ȭ˫ͬһػںϡ
ս죬ֻѪȼѾû㺨ʩչȭˣڲڲõĻᱻⷢԼӵвʵˡ
ںΪѾﵽԪӤڸڣһϱѹţȻԷĵġ
һܰɣҪȻ޷Ƴһķһ֮Լ޷ƶԷķεе۵ܰסԼȭͷ
꣡꣡
һιѾ˱仯ÿһȭͷܹںķƣһĺۼ
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Цһֳȭţǰؿʼ׼ɹˡ
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һ仰Ҳ˵˫һɵؽԼļƻ
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һЦȻǽ׵ݣ˵Ҳҵķ˺ңûб£ֻ֤̫ˣ
໡
ںܵʲôһ㣬쳤Х֮ʻѧһشԼؿڡ
׳վǰ׳գڱħ֮ԼǶ޷ѣұǻۣˮƽˣЧչԼ粻֮࣬񶾵ȴһֵԼ
ҧгݵһֺ˳ںûڷϻѾҪɵֱжȷϻҪõĶࡣ
һӣں˫źݺݵؼ̤ڵλãϧѾûӰӡ
У㻹ǲУԪӤڸڵΪȻʸ񣡡ҡҡͷزмƺһڱһһ
ںŭˣʱȻذ
ͬǱ֮ĺڰһں尲ˣһּѹ
Ҳģ˫ӶȻ÷ɹЩɹһ;Ͷںȥԥһͱը
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أѾԽԽ˳ˣܹΧ󷨵͸졣
ɹʩչٶԽԽˣɹ󷨵ȼԽԽˣֻںڵλѾ˳磬˳ʲô
Ӧò˰ɣûҲӦˣ΢϶뵽ôķɹʰˣҪǲǻԲˡ
ɢ̾ǳͬյٻһٵɢȥˡ
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ӲΧѾûһ˿ɵأڵɫװ׵ÿһֱֶ˵ŸղűըĲҡ
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ʦ̲ΪѾˣҪ߹ȴֹסˣԶһ㣬ںֻǻһַ̬ˣҪ
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ڹһֻ֣ǱˣڹıԻûиıġڹóʲô

ÿһֻڹΣյʱ򶼻ὫԴ֫βһֱӶؽڹߣȵȫ˵ʱŻðԴ
ں岻Ҳ
ֻΪλγһӲ״̬ͲΪ֪ˡ
ɭЦӲ֮дǺ
ܹɱ𣿲Ҫˣҿ갡ϷΪǿĴڣƾĹҪɵң򲻿ܵģںϱߵѪɫӲ뿪ʼѣںչ
Ȼûˣ
ЩԾˣںû²⵽ˣһ˺ûյԽˡ
ɣǵսŸոտʼ˶ˣ˵ϵҲ
ںʵѾԤϣҪؽʰںΪȻһ˿˿
ںΪһֱȥһԽĳޣҲûа취ƷԷˡ
ҵûУ˵֮ǰʲôͬĵطһʶʦ̲ء
˶ǻָûУֱַֻ˵һЩ⡣
ղǾͷⶫܹ³ʴԵҺ壬ӦǱ仯֮һ⣬ںжʽıˣߣ
ԣҲ˱仯
㿴ںԴûˣȥˣ

һһ˵ղŻʲôûз֣ȴʲôˡ
ǵķϻͷʾԼ֪ˣ˫¶ں֮ϡ
ں֮ɣʵ֮мһɸӵ
ںͬһ㣬Ȼֱסˡʱ֮󣬲ŴԽҪ
ӦѾ֪޷ɱ˰ɣһ֣ЦǺǵ˵ںû˶Ž˵ԸָΣôأ
ʲô㾹ȻܰһָΣЦˣϸûܹ
ȻޱȣҾǡ֪ʲôأ


556 Զ
һ𣿡ٴ𣬱ſ񱩵ŭ
һЦ˵ѾûѡȨ㲻ȡʲôʩĻòʱͻսȫֻħң֮Ҳûôˡ
ķʵ̫ͼˣѾȵ˼ޣҪȻҲڵ״̬ƫƫʱðˣɵ𣿡ЦǾ֪ԼѾͷˡϻѣǲ罫ʰˣȥԼĺð
ɵضܵںĹҡҡͷ˵ֻǽԼںϵ֮УԼĻΪڿ㲢ûгɹĿסķԹ㼴ںϵ
Ĭˣڵ״˵һֲѵ˵ʲô취ɣ
ֻԴӼ濪ʼֱΪֹûֹͣļƣһıһı˭˭
ʱ䲻ˣԸĻҿ㱣ǣҪΪҷ񣡡˵֮Ҫһѵǲ˵ǴԼһѡ
һ㣬ؾܹӵж󷨴ʦĻĳл϶Ըˣƴȥܹ
㵽ҪʲôѾˣֻҪܹţûԸȥΪžʹϣĴڡ
΢΢ͷ˵ԸΪҵ£ҾԵҳҵĻҿԿţǵģǻ

ǽǿʼתɸոתþͱı־ݲһ£ʹഫݵ˻ǵ嶼
ãϣܹ˵ҪӦһϢڼ˵ҪԼΪĳȥһġ
ʵܲĵʤΣ˵Ѿνˡ
ͷ˵˵˵ɣʣҵǿԴӦ㡣
ٺٺٺ١
ɭЦٴδһԵʦֻ̲ú󱳷ë
ҿˣҲһ𣡲ʲôУٺЦ˵һ˫۾ضʦ̲ء
ѾԿʱѡ˶ΣһԼһȻƮţǱ˵ؾ߹ҲҪǻʦ̲
ˣһıȷǹŨģ⵹ǸᣬЦǺǵ˵Ǹ㲻һʦѾؾˣǸ̲أҿ뵽ؾԶܱѣֻǲ֪ǻ᲻ͬˡ
νҲһ˼뵽ؾ֮УӵţʱˣȻڹ˼Լӣ˶Щ
׳գʦ͸ϵˣϻ𣿡ʦһ⻰ʱͽк˵תͷ̲أʵӣʲô㣿ҪҪ󷨴ʦһ𣬴ʲôµ⣿
̲ؿֽֿĿͣϣ˵ؽҿԼ뵽ؾ֮УԺҪˮ۹սĻҲȥҵԭ򣬶ҪؾṩһҪԴ
ԣǵĴʦһЦЦ˵ʦ˵ͷ
ʦˣԼһȫ˳˵۾ԽԽˡ
ãȻĺˣôܹٵ̲أؽҼؾҷԶᱳؾֱ̲ӺⷴӦѸٳ̶ȵЩԾˣû뵽ֺļһﾹȻǸֱӵĺˬһ
ͷ̲صʶʱ̲ͣڻҪߵĻԼĿܡ
ʣµĽˣûа취㶨ĻҽһһͬھһȴԽƮˣƺʱᱻı־ס
ͷ˵ʲôҪܣֻҪԼǣȸɵԹ˵ɣ
һ㶣Ҫʲô屻ɵˣһҪ군
ҲżǷǳ뿴жôı¡
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һΣȻ㲻أֱֶǾ޴İƾץ˹ȥ
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Ƶײֱ۾ȻֱӱںưǿײֻûһƬļƤ
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һԵ̲һ仰Ҳ˵ֻüͷǷཱུĵؿţҪθ컻صġ
Ҫں߷ȴ޲ýֱӸĳƬ¶
ϧں彥ֲͷˣΪǿޱȵֱ۸޷ѹһһ
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ƽӴĵطʼϵķ̶ں˸ŵضǲ⡣
޷Ϊʵôǿ󣬾ȻܹԼֱ۽
Ǹոտʼ
첲ûˣǸɣ̧ͷں嵭һЦֱȻһŤ
꣡
ĶȻֱǿֱӾͽںֱ۸šˡ
໡
ʹذںʹ֮˫͵һŵأӱ˳ȥ
Ҫ𣿿ϧѾеˣһ˫һɣȻֱ׷ȥ
ںۼҪʰԼһӴܣһͷŹҪȴĹ޷γЧ
ͬǿݵһ㣬ÿ׼乥ɵȹҪʱ˼ͻ˵ط
ˣ˷ʱ䣡˫һ䣬ʱԽãԽΣա
ȻеЦԼ֮ǰҪɱĽԷʰȴҪԷòϵǣȷǸĴЦ
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ںǰټıһţںĺֱӰȥ
ÿֲÿֲٶȣϵܵʵʲô̶ȰʦһĭԽǸɲĴˡ
ģ㵽ôʶģǴʲôطðģΪʲô֮ǰû˵̲üͷʵʦΪؾһԱҪôƴȥЩ˵ȥġ
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Ҿ㻹ǸҺúôһΰɣҪȻĸģವһӳںǰӸµ˵
ʱǲǸߴȻں۵ײһ˿˿Ŀ־壡

־壿ں˵Ǿ޴ĳ裡Ϊ壬ϵĴڣôᱻŵأ
ŭһȵԹںǳɢű任ŲͣϢ
ɱҵģںƵϵѪɫ⻪ϵӿţ䶯ʧֱ۵ļϱߣȻʼһֱֻۡ
ϱ޸
⸱龰ûżЦ
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ɱʹˣٺЦ˵ӶһѾ˾
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ûõģ˵ûõģ㿳Ҷ٣Ҷ᳤ٵģںЦʮ̶ִ
ȴûżоĵⶥڵϣ˫ֱֱضں壬пᡣ
žણžણ
ʱں𾪣ͷԼ˫ۣȻͬʱ뿪Լ壡
еֻ̧ӦǸղµٶ̫죬쵽嶼ûļӦ
ҵҪ֫ٶȿ죬ҿٶȿ죡ҵľѾûкúõһˣظžⳤĵɢ̹ǵĺ⣬ʮְ
ҿϵʲôʱ㵽ôõһѵôûмʦĵһӦˣ˵Լ͡
˽֪Էʵǿ輫ߣĻ֪ʲô
̲ǲмغһһӵĿʦ˵ģҿҲôΪ˽ܶ࣬ҿҲǿ˶٣ֻʶʱȽѡ
ʦһ仰Ҳ˵ˣֻǽضս֪жôֱȣܹѾħ
ʱںֿʼҲżžЦеһԿš
꣡꣡꣡꣡
첲ȽȶˣȻٰ첲ж˷Ϣ
ںϵϢѾʼ½ˣҪ֫壬ҪˣںͻᴦΪʱܹסˡа뵽ķֻǵһ
ͿͿ
ͬǷľһֹظţۿں֫ٶԽԽ㿪ʼںΧ󷨡
ȸԪ󣡡һЦ˵ʵڵе㺦ںһżֱԱĻҲһˡʦ̲˸ǿ϶ᱻɵɲҪĽ
ԪڱȽŵһ󷨣ר̶סĳһռ䷶Χڵ
ֻԪһССĸĶԪһţֻҪ֣󷨾ͻὫԶųȥ
һںͷųԽ࣬ʵͻή͵Խ죡ڼ󷨵Ŀ޷Աȴľֻ;ƿˡ
ʱһһţسʱںΪȻֱӽ͵ԪӤڳڣۿžҪԪӤˡ
ʱͣЦǺǵؿֻܹһ˫۾ں壺㻹ǲҪˣʶԲҵǿ󣡲ŵĻԣ
Ļո£ںϱ㴫ݳһǿʶ
ʶͬ˵ıǹֱԴȥҪһ䲻⣬һ׳ա
һѶԷҪ鷳ˣԷô֪Ȥⲻʲô
ˣ
ǿʶ˲ӿͬǺˮһ㣬һԶض嵽ںߡ
ں廹ȫش߶ʶȴԼʶ֮Ȼ޷ƶֺ
Чεҡҡͷ߶ʶǧϸ˿ĽǶںʶ֮˽ȥ
ҪҪһıԹ
ԹһּΪǿֻҪԹȫǾûˡ
Թ¶˵򵥣ȴ൱ѡ
ʶ֮ͬһ㣬ʼʶ֮ţѰźڡ
Ҳ򵥣֪ҪʰˣæеʶȥΧ׷½أǲϣҵԼĸԴڡ
˿壬жҾ͸٣ӵʶǿռģĶҲǸԪӤڣ
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ʶһֻ뵽ȺĶǣ˺ҧھܹˡ
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ʶֱ֮ѪɫâȥĽָûκζܹ赲
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ڷϧֻǸʶԴͷͲģһЦ뷨ǲϧʵ
꣡
ʶ֮ɵû뵽Ӳޱȵķ֮УޱȵֱӽԷķˡ
໡
ںѾһڵϴŹŭʹ˻š
ʹ࣬Ͳǳܹܵ˵ġ
͸˵Ҫڣƫƫţڳܵʹ࣬ܰɣпֱڡ
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ںҲһ£žͽӲϵѪɫҲʼȥ
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ʶƵˣɢˣⲻһʬ
ʶջ˴󲿷֣һ˵㻹ٵʲôѵҪ뿪𣿡
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558 ˳
ʲôֶβص㣬صѾȻˣ˵ں֮ڵʶܵ־ڽӹ塣
Ѱ־ֱӽԼһʶÿֶζ־һ죬Զᱳؾ
ȻҪѵĻ϶ܵĴģᱻһ֮Ĩ
ķˣ㾹ȻҵĻֽţûв´ĻӦþνĿɣĻ˵ֽţҪûеоĻǾԲܵġ
һЦõЦݾȻһкͷޱȵؽ
ķҪеģʵ̫ΣˣҼȻҪʵͣԪӤڳڣǾͱҪ֤㲻һЩ̫׵飡Ӧòˣ˵Ļһ޷ģԣȰ㻹ǹԹԵıȽϺáЦѾ˶ħ΢Ц࿴һ۶ÿֲ
Ĭ˰Σ޸壬ȴԼ޷ȫٿء
Ū⸱ģǲǸˣû˵֮ˡ
ǿѾԶԶسԽǿʱѾﵽԪӤڸڶ޷ɵ˵ڵΪˡ
ðɣȻôǾҸæɡҩĻָкôȥղҪ̫ˡ룬ӴָͳһŵҩֱӶߡ
ҩ켴ΪһɹɾɢӴʼ֮£
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ͷ˵˵Ĳϱ߿ɾͲһˣӦ֪Ҫ˵ʲôɣ
ָָգϵЦݽ
ָ˴Сֲٿż仯ΪΣֻûа취ڹӺ֫仯ģ
һӴָһʮֿӶ˵ϰɣڻȶӦһʱͺˡ
ҿ͸㵽ʲôˣüͷӴϣȻԼڵܶģѾˣ⣬Ϊʮǿġ
ʦԼ̲󷨴ʦУӦǿĴˡ
Ȼı̬ͲķΧ֮ڡ
ʲô㲻Ҫ֪òҪ֪򡭡һ˿ɱ⣬ðʦڵ˶ôĵڳһ־塣
ǰʲôʲô֮ʲô𣿸ǰͿԣ
ȻصͷѾȷһ˵ҵĺҵļΪһйϵı壡ҵãҴűˣֻϧѾûа취ҵˡ
ʱһӦԼ壬һ߽ҵ˵˸š
ǰǸǳǿļ壬ڸֺܶ࣬֮ǰռһأĺòڡ
Դ֮ԪӤڵĸַ׷뿪ǿ˲ʧˡÿһ˵ʮΣյ飬ûǿʵѹ±ߵӵΪûиϣȴǵľֻˡ
ͬڵ壡
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ӿǰŻˣʮּҵ˼붷֮ſʼȥ̽ŽӴ
ӴãһӴͽıˡ
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ԭһֱϵϴŵĲԲһŻûм֪һĸС
ǧ˿ڶ̶̵ʱȫնɱֻ˵ޱȵسΪǸϵˡ
֮Ϊ֮ϵˣĸϢݸңȻҵõǿԼĶ
һضǿ
ϢӦúܴɣز׽⣬۾һʵ
ͷһۣ˵ûϢĻҸ޷ڶʱѼ㹻ϢȻѾؾˣҿΪؾṩϢ
ãؾа֯Ӱ֯ռϢʱǿԽӴһ¡ͷôһˣԼϢõٵĽ衣
֯Ӱ֯ģѹְѹְҶԽԽˣԾؿͨʲô
ǺһЦ˵֪
ߣ֯ڸ̵ģ߷˼ҵ֣˵֪ܲ𣿡һûк˵뵽˭֯ôһ˿˿ϵȴȫͬϵͳ
ˣû˵ˣôţƵ飬Ҳֻĳ
ʼ¶治֪ѾûйӰ֯Ͱ֯ˡ
ģ̲أǼȻ뵽ؾ֮ˣǰЩԹͶ°ɣΣʦ̲أ˼һ֮󣬿ʵ
⵹ЩԾˣʵûбҪôѵʲô뷨ɣ
ʦνҰҰ˵ûⰡνֻҪǲҵ鷳ǾͿల°
û⣡Ѿˣû¶һ󷨣ǿԵġ̲ЦЦ˵Ƿʺ촽еġ
ղŻһæĲɿѾɸΪ񲯣ֻѿЦһЦ
ˣýĶˣʲôʱȥüͷתƵ˵Ѩ֮С
Щεͷæôʱ֮ȻѵѨˣ
ðɣǱõ󷨴ʦϲøͷԣȻôҪˡɬЦЦѾʼԼˡ
ʦָֻ֮ǰĴʦģʵӣڵѨ±ߵĶǵ֪٣
ʵʦʵģڵõˡ֮Ѿı仯仯ֻǮ֪ңֹغڵƵ飬֪ԽԽá
ѵ˵㲻֪߾ʲô̲סذʦһۣԱߵ̲ضǲмƲƲ͡
ʦξͲö˵ˣҪ黹ǵֻӲͷƤʵһǱˣһβϵģû뵽
ģ̲ضһۣͷ˵̲أ黹˵ɣҸոջָҪϢһ¡
̲ͣһ뵽ԼҪǰ¶ģԺķչкôġ
ǣ̲رɤӣڳһģ˵ؽѨʵиͷġ


559 
˴ѨΪֵѾ޷֤ˣƺǺܾ֮ǰλϹĴܳ
ϸţ̲صõϢԼΨһͬڻĴڡ
֮󣬱һĹżǿϢ֮ȴΧǵƷֻҪܹɵ߹ǵʵܹõԵķԾ
ԣΧ޷׷ھۼţΪź˲ҵĻս
ʦͷҲΪʲô뵽֮ῴصİ׹ǣԼǿϢɭϢ
Ǵδս֮ˣΪ֣̲һҲµġǴһҰʷļ֮ѰصϢһμʱҲǾЩɵ̽һ֮󣬲ŷЩģ
̲ؿһۣΪЩǵ˵ؽĵһûʲôҪĵĵ飬Ҫ±ߵһ㣡Ҹֻڶڴһۣ;о˵ѹҪܵĿ죬Ѿ߱ʬˡ
ô
ʦһۣǵȷû뵽߻ѹҲӵ˵Ϊ̲غ±ߵһ㡣
ؽЩ֪ˣֻȥ̽ˡ̲һ˵꣬ӻͳһƲƤϱԼԿҰʷۡ
ӹϸؿһ飬Ұʷߵݸ̲˵Ķֻ࣬Ǹϸһˡ
ֵ˭ȡģİź϶ˣұҪõ뵽طȻôǵýȥ
ˣ鶼ˣǻǽȥ˵ɡͷɨһۣûΣգվҪȥġ
̲غһۣǿЦһ˵ʵĲԸȥҪҪĻڶֱ뿪ꡣ
㵨ӣ治˵ģߣʦһӵؿˡ
ȴǲΪ⣬֪ʦڹˣǲʦ֮ǰǱܵġ
İɣǸҽȥУʱԼȥֻҪסſڣҪ˴ҾͺáЦǺǵ˵߿ź϶ôɵġ
ǲ˽ȥԼò׵õʦ󷨸֣ǰߣǾ̫ˡ
˷׷ЦֻЦ̫ʮɫǻܡ
˷ʱˣڰ֣˵·󷨣Ƚȥɡ
˵꣬ͷȥڶĶѨĸ⾳˱仯
ԼԽԽˣԼԼ֮ƺһٻڵȴĵ
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ɲ̲֪ԼܣֻѹסԼϳۡ
˺֮ܿǰսĵطĿضѨɫЩ죬Ҳò˼ˡ
ǺǣҲǲʶˣ±߸ôߣЦǺǵ˵ϴźƵЦݣ˭ܹ뵽ǸԪӤڸڴڶµţأ
·ɣȵ˵ط˵̲ǰָ̮ĵطȥ
ѨڽЩâʲôҹ֮ĹԴǵϵĺɢ׻
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ΪʳΪ޾к㶨Ĺ򰡣û㹻ǿʵҲͳΪЩʬеһ˰ɣ̲סԼһ·ҲǱȽˡ
ۡ
Χʱʱ׻Ϩµ׻ҡҷռԵԽɭˡ
ؽطˣԭźطģֻǺ̮ȥˡ̲һݿӶ߰ɵĵطָͣǰߡ
ͷ̲صĵӲ٣ʵҲǿѾµ̶ֳȣеΣӦúܴ
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ҪȻҸһȥɣ໥ܹиӦҿɲոջˣȨһ֮󣬻Ǿڡ
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˵֮ˣĻݿȥ
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ݿΪɵģΧѵĵط뻮һǱõһ㡣
ʶ̽ȥݿӴԼʮʲôƺʲô谭ʶ̽顣
תһͷȻֱС
̲һҪֹʱѾˡ
ʧݿӱԵһ仰˵ˡ
ιʦ̾һ˵İɣϵܵʵڹ¯ʱԪܸʰˣڸǲõˡ
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¯Ǹ¯ǲڿЦɣ̲һĭɴ˱Ͳӡ
ʦƲƲͣһӵؿ֣ߺߵ˵ôţԾ𣿸ǰɣߵĺöȥˣԲԿģңϵ˶ҪǿĶ࣡ʦͻƣⶼҪϵָܵ㰡
ʲôȻôǿ
̲غ֪ʦǸƨƢҪ˿ɲǲףڳԼϴһ˫ðСһݵӣʵڲζ
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ڵݿ֮ڣһ£ȴʲôʶѹԽˡ
ˣûиܵʵĴڣΪλǿҵӰ죿üͷ벻ס
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560 
ݿӵĵײ˿أ鲼ž޴Ĺÿһͷô
⵽Ƕô޲ܹӵеģ
Ӧòźһ֮ȷֻΪ޵ŹǣԼҪѰҵź
Ų΢΢ƶƾŸоźǰȥ
֨֨ڶڰޱߵĵطԵԽžˡ
û׻𣬿ȴͨģΪʲôüͷ΢΢ţĿû⣬ֻǸȼŵ׻ȴǲһ
ǰʮͣӣôȥûиͷ
һ۾ѹת
ѪžĶѨ֮ô
أأأ
ǿഫԼҪһ㣬˵ʲôо
飡
ٶԽԽˣתٶҲԶӣɴҲȥܣԼȥڡ
ţʼˡֿ̧һֱۣϵƤѾʼڣðһƬƬϸȴɢŲϢƬ
ܿ죬·˺ѵϰѾ㣬Ǵһһ
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ģһĲ۾һ
ҵˣҪҵźֻƾˡͷʼŲķȥ
ʱǿʱƺ벻ƾŸоȥλźλãȴԼԽŬԽҪҵطԽߴ·
ͣе㲻ͷյ˵ԼѾ䣬ֳ״̬ӦþźҪġ
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ΪڻûеõźǸĴڰɣͷӦܹ˵ͨ
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񣡶԰ɣ˵ûбֳϥģ
ǿҲֻܲǲ֪Ϊʲô˵õȻ˶Щˬġ
һЦ˫棬ʵгûмǴĻϹ֮Ĺϵǲġ
ߣ֪ϾûԶѣֻԶ棡һȻǲ
Ҳ㵽׷ʲôҲǷܹõʲôֻǸʶ̬ҪöˡһЦ̬ʮֲˬΪһҪ࣬αҪǣǿ᣿
һȫϢ˲ŷԼǿѹסͷ
üͷһϸؿϷһĽɫĻ֣Ϣ
ȻڸʵϢһ޷о㣬вˡͷ̾һ䡣
񲻶ϵѹҪѹȴȵķ˿ûб仯
㵽ʲôˣΪλ֪ô࣡ɫˣȻп׷ɱģ
ţҡҡͷ˵ȥˣ˵ûκεáʵеˣֻҪ֪Źͬĵ˾Ϳˡ
Ĭˣϸظһ󣬷ϵϢʮֹŹ֣ȲҲ·һܹ
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ͷڵ̬Ȼ⣬ЦЦ˵ϹĹϵܺãҲΪԭܵĴѹѾ᧿ΣϹҲƫһ粻κ顣Ĵһֱ嵣ǵ飬ͬһ㣬˵ֻɿġ
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۾һŵʵѵѵĸˣ
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ЩûȤһ˫۾ƽؿ
ðɣȻҾͲҪˣҵ־Ѿ㽻˰ɣضղʱģӡ
˶٣ƺǿǺ˸ȥ˵ſ˵ҿ԰ҵ㣬Ҫһæ
ҿԿǣ˵һʲôֵ̫ҪҲûа취ϾǴƼҡ
һЦλ׳˶꺺ѾûЦˡ
пܵĻϹһѣҪϹʧʱĳϵıޱȱˣһȻҪűæⲻò˵һֱ
ͷ˵лĻҿ԰æǣ岻ԸԾȵĻҲûа취ˡ
Ȼص˵ͷ˵İɣϹĺ֮Ǿͻˡǲ㣬У
Ŷѵ˵ʲôӲɣһЦȻĻл
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ѾûôߵѪˣǵʮ˴ҵѪԶԶظ壡
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ˣĲѵûӰ岻ܻɵƾѪͽΪڰɣһЦ˵ĻȻеȴʵʵڵġ
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ˣʲôɫɫҲʼɢƺǿ쵽ʱơ
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㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿻˵ûʲô취ܹҰ뿪˵ܹӦƾ̡
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֮ԴȪ࣬໹̫Сˣ޷ǿҪС壬֮Ϊǿģû֮һѾԼˡ
Ȼ֮䲻֪˵ʲôˣֻĬĬصͷʩչ
أָÿһǿƺһĹܹһɽˣ
֣һϵಿλ·ǿ𶯵Կףռ䶼ʼ

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Ϲ֮ǿ󣬾ΪԽǿȾԽʵԽ󡣾˵һչܹһߣһ˵ȵǿ֮ˡ
ͷ˵壬ȷǸǿ壬İɣһᾡҵȫȥģ
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ܣ˼ĸϱ߶ţѾΪҳԽĿ꣡һȻѾмںʦԼ̲Ϊˡ
̲ظֱӵغܣƳһ˵ǰе˼ҷԼˣĸؽҾͺǺЦһͿˡ
ϣһһ͵ĺзడôţñʦǷ߶ǰɣ˶˵ˣʦﻹв˵ĵŽߺ
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˵ģȻǸȤĶֻҪܹסģûǧţѣ
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˭룬һûгĬ¶ѿЦݣ˵Ҫ㣡
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563 Ӿ
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ǽһӿǽڿնǰ̽һ֮æЦ˵ѽؽˣ
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ѩ벻ط㰡ЦݣѩԼӾǵǮоʮ弫ƷŮɵģ
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һȺŮ˰һȺӦڼйҸݳŮˣȴףսһϵսš
ΪɣΪ˺ƽͷ­Ѫûһ˿һصǡ
ˣЩ滰ǾͲҪ˵ˣֻҪǹĺãҾͷˣ˵ܹܵӴѩԼŮߴŨŨľ壬ǰ⡣
ǵģΪǵľˣͬһǣָ˵Ļᡣݶ֮󣬾ͬʱΪŮˣǶû˿Թԣϲ


564 ü
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˵˵ҵ֪ʲô£˵ڶˣҪۡ
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ͷˣǵĿɲԼһ˰
֮ǰԼͼǵʱѾӵĵӸûˣֺʢؾֱӹ³ǣŴĴǲס³ǡ
ôһȷǽ³ǸסˣɽȴöӵеЩˡ
ӵǲСҲǲ٣Զ߸ոմ꣬߶ֿʼˡ
ҪӰ޸п˵ǿͲܹġ
ĺҡһȣǰһ˫۾˵ҲǸĻˣ֪ǷҪȥ
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˵۾ɻ󣬲֪νĶ鵽ʲôĴڡ
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⡭ⲻǰѶ˳һ֧רŵĶ𣿡ĺ͵ķӦǳ죬ҵĹؼ
ͷ˵ǵģô⡣ĺôǿȥѣΣյ飬ѰĳȥҪǿĶ࣡
ÿһ˶ǶⲻҪ죬ҪǾ߱ǿʵԼֶװãĺ˳˼·˵˿һ˵;ǳף
ʵ̫ˣҪеĳȥ̽ףǿרŵԵȥ̽ĳЩطĳЩˡ
һø߶˵ԸȽѵ飬ɹĸʻ࣡
ĺжܹĺѣĺһֱ֮ӳʩһ񣬼زˡ
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˵ֱ֮ת˺ãҪȥ԰ߣһԴЩҵ˼ά
һʱ䴦ʵ̫ˣൽҪˣҺΪˣҪǷڵϵʱ϶ᱻ۵Ѫġ
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566 ֮ҹ
ͼǳĺ԰ǱȽģ˵ǶӺķؽ˴ģһС͵ɽɾˡ
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һʱ䣬ûôʱһͤߣŷ紵յˬΧ΢Ľźˮڵζţо뿪ˡ
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һﻹǸղŵŮһŨױĨŮӣһ˫۾Ĺǣֻǳʵǲҹά
ɵþһӶģҺûгʳҪȻڿѾ˳ŮµĶˡ
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üͷһأе㲻ͷо̫Ϥˣⲻ󷨵Ĳ
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Ůһüת֮ɫâ˸Ȼܹóҵĺۻģһӵ˴ʦ󷨸ˣ벻벻ؽȻǸ󷨸֣ߵȳ̶ȡ
һЦҡͷ˵´ɱӵˮƽҲ֮ǰҲŴʦ󷨸֣ѵͲᶯһӣһΪʲô𣿡
Ը㣬Ҫô࣡ŮЦһеĶԽĿˡ
գգ۾ǲһ󷨣ܾʲô鲻ͷ
´ɱӵ˶꣬ÿһεĴɱ񶼲ʧܣע˶ԷֻһɱԼֻһŮӣôţ
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ţȻǵһĴڣ۾Ȼһֻһɫ⻪˲˳


567 Ͱ
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568 񾭲
벻ؽȻ
һƤŮüͷһ֪ȵˡ
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ҽӼͽİ´ɱˮƽĻֻܹŴˡ
ԣ϶Χ֪ż֣ĸ֣´ɱӵĶڡ
мһɣҪ˷ʱˡ˵ƣƺûд񫡣
Ҿ˵Щ˿϶򲻹ģǻƫƫţһһƤС
˵ҿûгϣҪȻҲˣƺΪ֤Լףһźһӵַһ
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ӵеԾˣѵ˵ⰵ´ɱӵͷǸŮģ˵Ůˣ
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ϴˣǳ֮ǰһٵŮӿ˵Żڵʹ಻ѵؼһ˵
ϴ˾ͺãϴҪҸɵһˣܵ˫˲дһɶϴľΡ
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ҵƯţûнУ·ʲôһ⡣
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ϴĽŸоԽԽǿˣһ֪ŮҪսķʽɵԼ
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ˣҪʵ㹻ǿҲͰˣƫƫǸ۷壬㻹ʮ֮ǰNɪ㲻ö
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ܼײֻʮţЩŤŤÿһ۵ķ϶֮䡣
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һЦ΢΢һϵѾŵˡ
һ᱿¶ҪҶƽ󷨵ķʽȤĻҡҡͷֲȽϴ˶Կʵûжô˼
ѾޱˣҲǼȥЦǺǵ˵νȥֻǸƭ˵İϷĻǲ󷨵߰ɣ
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һ˵ȫˣ֪ˣһԺݳȥˣⰵ´ɱӵͷ군ˡ
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˫۾ʶ鲼Χϸز鿴ŶԷĹȸ߶ȵĸӲؿŷǲѰԷɫ˵©ȻԵͻƣܹٵطΪʤ
һ̣뿪ʼĻۣÿһΪģɫ벻ٷɢ۳Ϊһִ롣
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ŤͷһƣϵѾˣܷŵƤҲһ˿ڣһǹͷˡ
΢һ¼ǿʼˣ˳ǿż⽫ϱմȾŵĶųΪжӰʵķӡ
ðȻһ룬ҡҡͷ̲ס̾;ʮŸе֣ǵԷˣҲûжġ
ϧͽܵӦ˰
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ߺߣ
ģһӿӶ֮дȻκһ
еģ
ţֱˣһ㶣仯ʵеԤϰ
ҵȷСˣû뵽㾹ȻôǿҶĶ֣һ˴ӿӶ֮˳²һ˿һƣֻȫ˸ŵɫâҪλڵ
üͷһӢӣǽ׳ŷ߳ľȻǸˣ
˲䣬һǿҵĶĴθ˳˼Žͷѹȥ


572 һǧ
ȻǸˣ
ֿһۣٴȷ֮ϸֳһɸӵı顣
֪һǸ˵ĻͶֽɵˣαҪϧأ
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ǲǺܺ棿˵һᾢʮֵرŤܹʮ׼ȷǸˡ
ɷϵص˵ͷ˵ĹܶأȻܹЧ֪ǲġ
쳤ЦЦЦȴǿ³һѪ
ڴڵشϢ˼һ˵Ѿûֳܹˣͷһˡ
νʼûʲôȤ
Ҫ˵ķݶϣҲҪؿ˵·ɨһۡ
΢΢ָ̧֣һָڵķ򣬽һĻȻ֣Ǹ˳ȥ
߰ɣٲ߾Ҫˡ˵ȻԼ뿪
ǡϴ󣡡
ϡϴȻһˣǸˣ
ҵ찡ҾȻϲˣ
ߣߣϢʱ䣡

һ߶ţһ߿ٵ뿪˳Żǰȫʱ뿪ͼǡ
תͷ¶һĨÿЦݣ˵ǿǿţҪȻҲ
֪ˣˣҲɱŮˣ˵ϱ鲼ŵض
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ţǻ˭ֶĵģ
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˺ǺһЦͷ˵ƻҵУԣҪУΪѾ˰ҵģҪۣ
壿ɫһѾ²⵽ӵʲôˡ
ʲôطôһЩаˣΪԼΪǴﵽԸñ˵Լ
һܻһص㣬ǾǵĻʮǿ󣬾ˣƾŻҲܹõĴϡ
ǰӡӦþǸǣ
Ҫ𣿿ϧ㻹ʸ񣡡˵ҪǱһϼһˣǿЦˡ
Ŷ֪ʲôôţСŻ˶ꣿҿǻ˽ӽһǧ꣬ŶԣһǧˣϵЦȻãϵĹâʱǿʱЩȶ
һǧꣿ
ȻԼһЦΪиͲ˻ôã
˵ˣ˻ôãؾûͻƵԪӤڵĽޣ뵽һС
ǰֻǰ벽ԪӤΪԪӤڶûдﵽ
㲻𣿻˵Ͳ֪ʱôֲ뵽˻һ㣬ż֣
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˵һЦָС飬СһһŮˡƫƫһ˵Ļǣ
ס˼һ˵˵˵Ĺܺ棬֪ʲôӵֶܹһһǧ궼ԽԪӤڣܹܵ̽顣
ǸŮ˵壬ҵΪһ㣬ʹҶܹ˵һεΣաϧŮ˵ʵ̫ˣûҾȻҪɽˣҲɽٰɽپҪȥ˵ˣ̫Ķ£Ȼģ
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üͷ˾ȻԿƶ壬ѵΪĻ㹻ǿ𣿲϶ǵģ
˻ڵߴŵҶΣһ֣ǵֶθǿţƣöûС
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üͷһɽ壬ʶϵɨ˺ۣҪҳֶصʲôϧʶ֮жûС
ҿԸ㣬ֶֻҾԲнҩ˵˵ҡҡͷԼжˣҲһҪÿһʱҶǳСġ
ûнҩĶҩ֪ʲôҩǰɫӳ̶ٰʱýȵĻ»ˡ
ˣǴˣ
Ϊʲô´ɱӻųƴʧֵʱˣʮ֮ǿ߶ᱻʰˣʲôֿܹأ
ȻҲԸⶾķֻҲ֪᲻ãЦЦһϧԹޣ־壬ԼʬϵʬƶɵġҪЩνܹԼһ
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Թޣ־壬ʬ
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573 
˵ڼΪ񶾵ʬϱ߲ĶأֱܲһĶȻĲһˣˡ
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üͷһֱûɽ⿪ʵ벻⵽Ϊʲô
ôѵ˵㲻𣿡üͷһ¶һŵı顣
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ÿһңһ֮УϵˣǵʵǿܡЩܻķչǺǣǵ۹Ҳ벻˹ϵģЦе˵ƺֻڽһ¸Լĺ
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Ҫǣȱһ䣬һӢĿǰΪǳãǸ㹻ˣֻ㻹кܶûá
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һһֱûпǹһֱǴġ
Ŀ֮УԨ۹ֻǵһһὫеĶйȺ嶼ʰȻʰķºͣǲܵġ
Һ㣬ΪһǧǿģҲͬˣܹΪƬشƽ
üͷʱɳڣʱ壬֮ſʵѵĻ𣿡
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֪Լ鲻ԣȴȻ޷ֹͣĿʹ
΢΢һЦȻǺÿЦݣȴǶһ˿˿ϣûˣиþҶˣΨûн뵽ȥˡֻǣΣգͲʺˡԣҽµ


574 
Ĭˣ֪ǰˣѾһڵࡣ
ˣǲԸֵģԸǸлΪǰĴȥĹ¡
ϧѾû˵̫̫࣬ãѾˡ
ԴӦɱңһ΢΢ϾɱԼһġ
һˣֻһˣ
֮ǰûܹɱò׵ȵһԸڵȴȥˡ
Ȼû˵ֻĬĬؿ
ˣһݴҪ͸أûн֮ǰǲܹģ۾һôҪ顣
⵽ʲôܹһһǧĴء
ܹ֮ôãܹϵı任ȥܵĳͷŹؼõġҴһ˵ϵõģ߹ⶫ˵ЩˣİĻˡ
֣ܵŨصɱ¾⣬ҲڶʱھۼΪǿ׽٣ʬģ
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ͼѾˣǿʼߣ˭Ըڽ֮´š
ĺͱҪֹһҲûж˵ʲôߵľ߰ɣǶ
֮ͼѾһճǣӶ˳ȥĺ֪ŷӳȥĻЩһ»ֱ췴ġ
ʮϢˣ㻹ʲô˵𣿡ЦЦϵЦôôɬҪԼԸ鰡
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±۾ƽҲûЦ
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575 һ·ߺ
ĵأ˫Ŷȴеľޱȣ̧
նɱԲ˽˵û˿⣬˽֮ȴЩ²ˡ
ΪĶԼЩ֮ضݶѾΪء
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һֻʣϢʱˡ
ܵĴ߶֮»䳤ˣһ˴ʹܡ
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һ·ߺãΨһܹ˵ˣȻ֪ĻǱնɢˣѾʧȥ˽ֻصĿܣҪ˵
Ϊһǧ˵õѡ
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ɵվԭأһ˫۾ʧĿգ·뵽˳˼֮С
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ûɣĺСʵ֪׷ʲô飬ܹ²ĳԲС顣Ϊûмı顣
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͸ҵ˵Ҳһԣɱ˵ʼ֮ϡ
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ˣҲǣ˭ѡġһЦˡ
˶٣ֽʰȹһʱ̽ľܣʵû顣
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ǵĳࡣָָԴóһö򣬽´ɱ˵ģһߡ
ĺͿ˿ͷ˵İɽһģʱ䲻̫ã
ĺӣЦˣ֪һ϶˸ĵӡ
ʲôأ
붼룬ĺͿ϶Ҫð´ɱӵӵŵģ
ʲôطһֻ˵Ҫٵذ취ǽͬΪǿĴֱĨɱ
ĺͣЩ˲ҪŪзˣһҪǵġٴοĺͻֱЩ˸зˡĻЩ˱ˣҲûжôôˡ
ĺ͵ͷӦһͿٵ뿪ˡ
һһ·֮󣬱ˬ˵ȥ
·Ǹոչ԰Ҫȥˡ
˺԰ò֣ÿһ˶æʩ
ҵһܼң˵԰Ѿˣһ°ɣţǵԭͤλýһĹ
ĹҪ˭ĹܼҺʵɲ֪˭
һЦ˵
ʲô֣ܼؿ
ҡҡͷģԼҪĹĹ־뵽֮Уݸ˹ܼңһ㶼ܹв𣿡
ܼ¶ص˵ͷȻ֪˭˼
µľ͵ȥִУ
ŶˣŪãԽԽãȥܹҵõĲϣһзĺͱˣ͸˵ģ˵ԽԽá
ϣ֣Զ


576 
ͼǽָİֻڷ䶼ôһϢ´ɱȫԱֶûнɵѶԷϴˡ
Ϣֶɣûöʱʹ˸ļҡ
֪ϢĶǱŵĲᣬζû뵽Ѿǿ´ɱӶ˿µĵزˡ
ڵһʱ佫³ǵķ޹Χǲڰڣ˯ķ֮ⶼиʱ̾š
Ҳ֪´ɱӶܹ㶨¸ûʲô
ܱûǿֻĻ֮ĵعˣΨһϣľܹ֮ǰľϣҪɱ֡
֮õһϢϵ˲١
Ǹ֮еĺˣҲ밵´ɱӵһġ
һǿη֮ڣһ֮У´ɱӻŵĿҵڵϣϻٶвơ
ĺ͵֮ͬη˿û˴һкͽηķͽȥˣ¶Ǽˡ
ǵϴѾȥˣжҲɱǵġ˵ϿңƭЩˡ
Ůһʹһţ̾Ϣһſ˵С㣬û뵽ôǿҪôֱ˵ɡ
Įҡҡͷ˵룬ǿȸȥһطϴĿûв´ĻǸûмɡ
ʲôϴ
Ůһ㶣Ťͷѵؿһˣǵͬռš
һЦҪľЧҲ˵ʲôֱתߣͲ֮˻᲻ߡ
ҪҪ߰ɣҲǡ׳˵ȻСȴȻ˶ˡ
Ůһ׳գӵõȥϴ˵
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Ҫ³ΧĵΣΪԺĹԵ׼
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һЦЦ˵磬ѵģǰҲ̶ӸɹǶҵ̶ôˣûˡܲĲᣬһ
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ӳһ㶣ʵţʲôôû˵
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ϰһµ˵Ǳ˵ĸӡ
СͷͷʱˣǿɶЩ˰ɤӾͺ㣡ˣ
һɤӻǹãһУЩոҪŮ˯ŵĺӷ׷ϿӾܡ
үģӸҪڶΣͱˡ
զ˰˯аϴߺɶ
ϴ⻹ûأͱˣһΰ

Ƿ׷СͷͷǰģȷеǱ
ӷϻֵܵӾͰڵ³ѾҰĵطˣڻפأ˸ߣ׼ǣҲǣСͷͷԽˣϰˣ˼Ҷ߿˵ˣֻ˵ء
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˵̶ֳˣֻܹ뿪ȥûŮ˵פ˯ȥˡ
˾¥һϮͷڽֽվŵʿǣȫװɫ䡣
ߣߣСͷͷȷˣæߴȺߣǳʲôǷǡ
·ϵ˵ȷˣÿһ˶ڼظ·Ϊ˶͵Լ
һյĹ˰ȫػصפأһȥȷ滤ӳͳ˹˭ȥϵģ𣿡
˷׷׵ͷһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ϽȥϢߣ³̫Σˣ˵ʲôʱͻᷢսȷ滤ӳ˵ղȥ̽Ϣˣ֪³Ѿ裬˵ʲôʱؾ˾͹ˡ
̶³ֻ·ǰϢ죬ڲͬˣһ͵ø·뿪
ȺסǱȥüͷ΢΢ֻѡǰ뿪̶ˡ
ʱȥˣ³һͳʼ֮һ˳ڽֵϣû֤ͨĻǾֻܱһʬˡ
ߵһһ˯ȥҹ֮ĵ۾ʶЩ˵̽һ飬˾Ȼû˯ӵתŲ֪ʲô顣
ʱ䲻ٵˣҪȻܿͻʱ߾Ͳˡ
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ʱˮţ峿һֵʱ۾³һ
µһ쿪ʼˣ³ǣҴʲôϲ𣿡羲ˮ峿ʿ
ܿ죬̶פؾͳæµ˭ûע⵽һѾʧˡ
ȷ滤ӳļˣҪʱܹɵĻĴߴ֮¾Ȼֻһʱ
۵Ҳûа취ֻʵʵȥ
ֹ˰ʱ̶֧ˡ
ˣԶԶȥ̶ӣһ֣³֡
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Ȼûжݶ֮ϣûܹ
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㣬ҵץߣҪ˷ˡһ˵شߴţȻѰʲô
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һǺĶﾹȻһʯ
գգ۾ûٶˡ
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ˣߣȥŮūˬһѣ˵һŮūǽһˮ鰡
ٺ٣СӲ±ؾ֪ǻɱͷ
ȥģɱ˵Ҳˬˬߺߣ
Ůū
⼸֣ŭ˲ˡ
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˶Ǵ󾪣ƽ޹ʵǰô˸ˣ
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˻û˵꣬ͱһˣ˸Ҫֹסˡ
һ仰Ҳ˵һ˫ڵ˸ŷŭĻ棬ֱʩչ˿Ժߵ鸴
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ԭһֱûжռŮūÿһĳ϶˽ޣޱȵŮū
Ǵ˵ֱɱһǻѾٵŮū
ɱֱ֮ӽʬ飬һ̲ѪҡһѾģ
ֻ֪ΪЧܶ鶼֪ϾֻΧеΧ
˸һŸĵطȥɫһֱѿʵû뵽ӾȻɥĲרŰŮūı̬Ⱥá
ܿ죬һƾɵķǰһǰÿŻ
õ𣿡һпԲ̥ǵ¶ֱʵ
ͷЦ˵İɣҶ£õģ
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̧ͷһƣϱһ󷨵
ط򵥰һץˡЦѣԨ۹Щıͽġ
ƹһһС·нЩС·ǱģȻ󷨵һЩȫͨ
СĵطųʶҪûʲôĴڡ
˭룬ʶոշųûԶһɫĹ⻪
ǰ̥Ȼͷһɷغ˵ٴˣҪųʶ̽飬ѵ𣿡
ЦǸ˵ҴˣҴˣʵ̫ˣ鲻Խ鲻Խ
ߣ㣬һλᣬԺеĻȥιɣ̥впһ˫۾Щ
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581 
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ΪλֱħˣǺѾ뿪˶ӻصĹŴɽеľݵ
Ϊλֱħˣ
סеɻ󣬸̥ȥǱħһݵĻǾͿˣϾҲֻбħִõ֯Ż׵ӵ󷨡
ƣһֱһյĹǰųһӵСԺӡ
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ħ˵Ϊϵ֯ˣû޴ڣ֪Ե֮ǲǾ͸ħǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ĿҲܵĶһЩصļļ䣬Լ˷ӡļ䣬޷򿪡²ħӦĳرǿַǿеĽ˵ļɾӪɲڵ
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ҡҡͷ̾ϢһߵԺӽһô֮£΢΢һӣһ׾µʯξͳ¡
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˵̶ˣһĿԼǶˡ
ⲢԷȷԼһ
һǻĶԿս
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Ŷ˭𣿺Ǻǣ֮ǰǲǸ¶أҿûȤ׳ս̸΢΢һЦ¶żС
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ҲشԹԵʯ֮ϣֵ豭һ£ͬȾһغһɤӣò裡
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ҡҡͷűͬһ˵˼û˵
㵱Ȼû˵֪Ŀ˲ᳬָͷЦԽԽŨˡ
ҺңΪˡһЦ©
ȴҡҡͷ˵ǻΪˣҪ̸ôˡ
˶٣һڲ裬ɢζĲˮ˵˵ɣʲô顣
һ㶣ſ˵û飬ֻǺʲô
ߣһƽ޹ʵɱҵˣּٰŶ㻹óɣش󽫾һűϢĿȻ˱
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ȻЦˣЦôã֮ȻĬ˫ͬһضƺҪԴͨ͸ˡ
ʵϲݣ㶼߲ȥˡţǸһ֣¶һĨаȵЦݡ
ЦݿЩĲ֪Ǹʲô˲ܹӵаЦݡ
ҿɲʲôܹסңҪٴθ㣬Ҳҽа죡Դʮ˵ƺˣҲܹס
죿û˵ðɣҽһһЦϵЦ»ָֺ㡣
һ㻹ûʸ񣡡
ŶܸһϢأһδƵϢأ˵ͬʱ˫ͬ׶һϡ
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ٺ٣˵˵Ϣ㹻ĺôһ˿̰ǶǮƺȨ̰
һж˱У֪װģѵĲ˭
ҡˣһֱо˺˵ʲôܹٷ֮ٵؿԼ沿顣沿ʵûʲôľǰ졣
粻֮Ҫ٣һɫͷһ˵

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üͷ壬ϢĲ֪أ
ѵѾԼ磡
ֻɺͲ²лصţŸֿܣϧû㹻Ϣ֮ǰòʲôõĴ𰸡
ҺƭΪʲôûյϢһǲм
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ܿͻյϢģ˸㲻һأһЦżȵţƺϾûʲôܹһ˫۾
Ťһ²ӣһ˵ٺ٣ϣҵĳңҾͲįˣ


582 
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ͷҡҡͷʮìܵ˵ݣʼջǸգ
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ðɣ˵磬Ǿͽ磬ûȥţҶɣвͬζν˵֣ʾȲ衣
ص˱һۣһţһھͽǹޱȵĲˮߡ
ҰҰǺһЦǰɣǹܵģ绹ǲҡ
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˵Ļͬһžըը٣һֱûпǹ飬Ϊ֮ҪϼѣˣʵҲᱻѹƵĺ𲻵ôá
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֮ĻǰõЩϢսԸĶмİ
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ұħ֮Ȼһս˭˭ӮѾҪˣҪ֯ҪͬʱĻҲ޷ôڡɫ̣һ˫۾ͬһǰĴƺˡֻڶһô̸ԼĵǺΡ
߲棿ΪʲôǲƲƲͣν˵
վֱһֽʯüͷֲ˼֮󣬲ſ˵ħ֮޷Ĵڡ
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΢΢һħԽԽˣõ֯Ϊʲôأ
ѵ˵ħ֮ǿǼˣⲻûпܣֻЩûбҪ
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㲻𣿺Ǻǣħ֮ˣҲһʱˣˡһЦɫ±ɫ
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ѾˣӦþǱħ쵼ߣ쵼֮һҲĳ̶ֳϵƾԼѾ޷ħֻܹѰԮˡ
Уܹôģ


583 ̽
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뵽˼ұҲǸϺ꣬ʶĶˣֱӽСԺ䶼ⶳǵʶͱˡҺεĺãӦûбǸ̬ˣҪȻֻһЩ¶ˡ
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ףôǿң˼ȵصɴ۾æԼΧ󷨣ϢɢҵԼϡ
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ϣҲǰһ΢΢һ𣬵ɫ⻪չֱЩɷһĲлɢ
ЩѾûʶֻʣ׶ԣҪɵ˵Ĳл꣬˿ء
лʧ֮Ŀռ佥رɫʱʱûеεεɫ⻪ƾճ֣׻һԾͣ
üͷ̧űɫ֮ȥ
ܿ죬㵽һɫ档
ʶأȥһ£ɫܵǣһֱӳ뵽ָУʧڡ
ţǡǴ󾪣۾
ɫ治ǱãȻһϢ
һһ⹦Ϣ


584 
ӣ⾪ϲе̫˰ɣ
߶Ź֣ܹ֪⹦ܹ˷ֳ
ͲסеļУͿʼϸжϢܿȫˡ
ԭ֮ǰŮ˵ĸڣ
Ů˵ȷ˲٣ֻȴʬ塣
֮ǰٿʬ壬Լÿһʬ嶼ܹΪܹʬ֮л
ѹ֣ѹְǲ߷ȹЧֻʬһ̫ˣǻ˱ȽϺáһЦԼӦӴܹһЩʱո
ʲôط಻ѹ˵еͨģõĿԼֹĹЩʱʤĲš
ã̫˰ܹҽܶ鷳ٺһЦᵽзĿˡ
ʬϾϲģо֮󣬷ֿԾһЩĶ
ˣֻҪû̫ķʶǾͿԳΪ֮һַӵʶϳ˵ѡ
ˣûȤ
֮ˣҲνʧȥ˻ǣ廹һԵĴڣ˷ǳңòʱͻʬ
һ֣õǿһЩƷ
˵壬ƵĻڡ
֮ǰ˲СУܹĸõ֮Уӵпܡ
ţûмǴĻʶһֵĻӦҲԶΪһ룬֮зһǴΪǿ
ΪֳȥĻԼĶ󲿷ǽʶ߻Ƿһ֣һĴǽһַ뿪
һַ֮ǷѵĴڣȻڶʱһĺôɴӳԶǶվƻ˱ԣ޷ﵽ޵ĸ߶ȡ
˵ֻúЦվôߵĵط¿϶СԻǰ̵ľٶ˵ȴһĺô
УܹõķҪжôǿʵ۷ԣܹ㹻ķһ̶ȵǻ۵Ļǰ̫鷳ˡ
ʶʵȻķһЩʶҵʶ˵ֻҪָܹˣ㣡ʵǻ㰡һЦ֮й⻪˸ѾѰҪ;
ǸԸȵˣ̶ֳȿԼʵϡ
Ĳ裬ȷָԼһʶΪһϵĵ֮תĹܿٵת
Ϊѵһתȡ˼õЧ
ǰһ̽ǰ֮гһŽɫĹ򡣹ﾹȻǸСɵ˶ǳģһģһ
벻ȷǹİһЦǻֵԼ
ţǽɫ򻺻뵽Լʶ֮С
ˡ
ںϵ˲䣬ռ䶼һ֪ʲôط
ֻһΪǿĴɨԼڵĵطһۣ·һ㣬ֿٵ뿪ˡ
оʮΪֻһε⣡
ǵģ޷ǿ⣬ػϴڡ
ôᾪ⣿ѵΥ˼𣿡üͷΥ⣬Ҫֹͣ
ΪʵܣܵĻԭǵõϿɣֻҪϿˣܹ֮Ļһжǰæ
أ
һըˣ̧ͷһŷ֮ǰںϵĽɫʶѾ׵ںһ
ǰһɫĹ⵰ģģܹС
ѵǡ۾һƺ뵽ʲôܷ顣
˼ǰĹ⵰žһˣ¶Ĵڡ
һһģһС˶ֻߴСҲһƻӡ
ô󣿲ڿЦɣȻͷ亹æ˰Ҫֻõôķʲôð
һƻһСС˶ʵܶҲʺȥġ磬ȥ˳ϯĳЩҪĻ飬;ԲС
üͷ˫۽ضǻڱ۾СС
û;ССƺٻԼʶ˹ȥʳָһ·
䣡
ٴֻһѾû̽ˣӦǱǿεˡ
һֻҪԼʲôǾûʲôµˡ
һЩʲôԼҲֻ֪֪֮ϵԽˣ·Ƿ
ָоʮ֣ԼĿŶԷߵ۾߿ԼǱߵ۾߿ҲԼ
Һ߱ȽϴҪȻͷˡ
ģǷһӣžȻֱ۾Ŀֱ
ˣһĺһ㣬Сؿе÷ΪԼ̫˽Էˡ
ˣķ˵ǹһĨЦݣЦһģһ˵Լû˿
⡭
˲ˣķȻǻۣ
ڣΪԼ鷳ˣΪһ顣

ƾʩչһȴΪõǱʶγһķ
ʲôط첻ȻΥΪ
ȻˣΪƾıûбⷢ֡
ˣʲôԸٴο˵ͨ൱һֳĽֻܹܣܹȫ˽˼롣
ǲͬ壬ܹȫƿסκ飬÷ȥҲûκ⡣
벻ҾȻ΢΢ҡͷؿɬ
˵Ǽоǳӵ飬ѰĽӣϸһ㣬ֳһԼ
ˣҪоʶ֮壬ûʻѪ֮壬Խʶ֮СǸоľ仯Цеؿ˵
ͷ׷˼ֻһ˲еԽܰˡ˵ʱĿһ£Ǹѧˡ
һԼȶѾˣǾûʲôڵıҪˡ
㲻ҪˣҵķѾӵ˲ҵǻۣԣһ֡
һĹâ˲ǹճһĨЦݣ˵ǡԼȡ𣿡


585 ɱū
Լȡ
е㳬ԤˣεؿһЦǺǵؽԣԼȡɣֻǶʱ仹޷ϰĴڡ
Ҫеʱ䡣һЦ漴ͱͣѧţԶ˼ʱģһ㣬ʼ˼Լˡ
ͷ˼˵գҪĶǵһҲ¶һ޶ĴڣҿҾͽɣ
⵹Ǹ֡
죬ãû⣬Ժֱֳƺͺáͷ˵ͦϲֵġ
˭룬쾹Ȼҡҡͷܾ˫ϵĿһۣ쿪˵֮ĹϵܸӣҵĸףҲҵֳ㸸е̫ϣҾһǺɡ

ϸֳһĨõЦݣһֱǸûиܵܵĴڰһܵܣоʵǾϲĺܰ
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֪͸˰ɡ
磬ҸղоһЩطо֮һЩĶ̫ܵơ΢΢üͷ˼һ¿˵
ʲôԼû뵽ĵط쾹Ȼ뵽ˣ
ѵ˵Ҫɣ
磬ҲóԾ壬ĵܵܲһģһҪѡǻ۽зչԺǻ·߽ҵҪǰ
⡭Դ˲·ˣ֪־˵
ǸԼŰɡʵǲ֪˵ʲôˣֻôһ仰ˡ
һЦޱȵ˵磬лҵϣһģģҿǷǳģߺߣ
һĻЦˣʱԼʱöÿԴ߶뷨ѧ˾ȥо
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룬˵ʲôʱҪҾҳɣʶߴžͺãЩɫ涼ǲĹҶѧϰ㶫ʡѧϰʱˡ
ͷ㲻ٶ˵ʲôֱ˳ع塣
Ǻǣ벻ȻȤ鷢һ֣ѾûôĹˡ
죬͸ﰡ
˷֮ٿĶһ·ֱ³Ƕȥ
ģԴǸӲһЩһһϢ
ȥȥ⣬ЩϢӡԺ֮С
һĹר߶÷޶ȵķӳٶϵļޡ
磬ʱ䣬˸ЧôɡСæء
ЦһԶתֻڷתһȦڴ߻á
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Ȼ٣һ˲䱼ȥԶԼĪһƣ̶ֳȵļӳӦ֮һҵٶȡ
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΢΢з۾̧ͷ޵ĸ߿գ֪Щʲô
̫ˣ֮ǰ֪֮ϻ磬֮ϻ硣Ѿˣ֮ϻлߵĴڣһԶֹͣѭ
һӣֻǱеһҳһƬҶ
ôҪȴҵĿ꣡һ񽥽
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һ·񱼣ʱ֮һȦֻص³С
һûţǴ³ܲ͸ķɵ˸ջס
ܹһĻĻ϶ֱҽž뿪³ǵġΪܹסǧķ󣬾Ȼһ˿Ķûзͱͻˡ
һӰκεطܹس롣
»˺󺺣΢һ֮¥Ե㶫
³ǵĵλ⣬Ļﶼ˵³ܹԵѰԼζ
һζȺܿ棬΢΢ᣬʱʳʢ
ҪʼõʱȴǴˣ磬Ҳ̫ص˰ɣóԵζȻϵҳһֻ֪ԷζһûԼ
һЦֲһ󣬽Ž˳˵Լģģò˶ʱ䣬³Ǿ͵ң
֪֪һЦֱʩչ˱һӸķΣмѣֻϱ߶һź룬ʵ̫ɷ羰ˡ
һĻȵ亹ֱðǳ鴤˵죬ܲܲҪôţôƤ
ٺ٣磬ɲҪ룬˼סǼסҵһź룬㶮áЦٺٵ˵
˵֮Ҳֱһ˫̻
һһӵζȾʧˣʱˣ󣬽Сҵķζһٸһݡ
磬ҪݣղŵһԼûгԱֹֻõͷˡ
ҺڲȱǮҪȻԻ
˺ܿһӣѾ˵עе㣬ʵţΪ˵ķ˿ֲ
Ǹôȶ˼ʮĻҪֲ
С죬ҪעһԼʣԷҪϸʣ˵ֻȴû˿𱸵˼
ͷ˵ðɣðɣֻǱȽִ⣬ȾƵĸоˣֻǱȽϳŶӣʵҲûʲôġ
ͷʼǰζٶˡ
˳ԼĪһʱĽֵϺȻһ
Ҫɱ˰
ɱʲô˰ɱ㰡
ɱȫأɱūģ˵Ǹոץסļϸ
ɱūʲôʱ򰡣Ȼɱū
ˣ˭֪أӿǱŻˣɱū޵ģ
ץʱ䣬ȥ

ɫ˲ͬʱ˲֮󣬸Žϵǰӿ
С죬һ㲻ûʲôעⱣԼ˵ԼϾͬһӡ
İɣзִ硣Ӧһ漴Ŀ⿴ǰ
˳ӵֵ˶ʹ۵ݴū
ɫԽԽѿһ˫ȭͷǲ


586 
ͷ˳ӿȫӿ³ĳй㳡
й㳡ռܹ˶ԵӵѾϢȺˡ
˹㳡Уǵλúֻ֮ܿʩչֱӴڵǰߡ
㳡ıȦһأعһصūڣеĴ󲿷ֶ޷ڵס
ūǵϴžͻ֣̿ūѾĥǵķ֮ģΪĽֻһ
ڣνūȾţԼǴūŵؾ˵̫ңԶˡ
ǿؾĳǰʧȥ˷˵ûжá
ʶ΢̽һ£ūԼһǧˣ½½ػ˱ֻߵūŴʲôҪϲ٣ӦǴ˼ҵūˡ
ˣ㲻ҪɱҰ
ˣԸΪţҰɣ
ҪɱңҪɱң
һкӰҪҵĺô죿
ȺǸǵţȴҪɱǣ

ָūԼķʽйϣ
ǵģǷ־ۼūԽԽʱǾͷԼֻ·һʣµĲǸ⡣
һȺūƤ޵֮´Զ˹֮вŮˣвٵŮˣ
ĺû뵽³߾ȻĻ˶ˡ
ǴԵɨһۣͿаٰʮŮˣ˵Ļһٶʮ
ңÿһŮ˵ĳ඼ǼãòȫǰһЩū֮
㿴ЩǶӵŮūһɫȫŮ
ٺ٣ǹƯģ㿴СһؼҰ
ˣ㲻֪ЩǶӵ𣿺ߺߣܰЩŮūҪɱ㹻˵Ѿȵ˾·ˣ
СԼ鷳
İɣЩҶֻ֪ǲ˵ѡ
ţҲ˵ˣıʰˡ˵᲻ɱôū

˵Ľ̸ˣһλĿȴȫ׸ŵĽ˳ȵؾϸ࣬ѾӰ쵽³ǾȫھеūնɱһҲ
һҲ
һ·һըԴըһ㣬۾˲ͺˡ
㳡ߵūѾˣǰǰ㹻ǧˣ
ѵΪǼϸ⣬ֱӽеūȫնɱ
δе̫˵˰ɡ
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ɱۣ³Ǿһ仰
ʼһֱڣ֪ж˱Դ֪жԩģ
һнΪӱɱˣһǱδɱԲͬķʽͬķʽĴɱ
ӵľűһ͸ȥˡ
ˣκεҳģȫ͵壡ǽٴΧȺغһΪ˼ҵĵ֮
ȺǿˣƾʲôҪɱǣ
ģһŮ˳ԭ۷׷׵ع㳡˲䰲
˵ĿⶼѰǸŮˣ˵û˶
˭˭˵𣿡ŭʵո˵˿ڣⲻڴ
ݵİ֮һͷɢŮ˴ūվһŭغңǶҪɱˣǻô
ˣҵҪ˭еӸҷϻһŭһūѣͲϡ
ʿֱӳ뵽ūȺڣЩūʿĺǳ֮¾ȻԹԵÿ˵·
Ůʧɫ֮ҧгݵ˵ѾΪū֮ǰһ·һ·ˣվһ𷴿ɣҲҪǵϣ
һū̸ϣЦ⻰ˣһˣ΢һ£᲻Ǳˡ
ڣ˵ֻǸŮˣʲô
վվŮЪ˹غţʵǲΪʲôЩūѡȥ
ԼͬǱһһؿԴͲ֪ʲô˵ܹһ˰
ϧӽǧ˵ūȺڣûһ˴𻰡в̧ԴĺӣһɢѪâĵ棬ֵʹԴ
Ⱥñץūñ˼ɱҾҲҪվҲҪҧһˣŮ˴غţϧ˶Ĺ㳡һЦ
һĿŮ˵ϡղŮһֱתӣ۾ȴ޷ƶˡ
㣡۾һɣ³֡
ŮҶһϵǸʮ־
Ҷں֮󣬵õҶεȫ䣬֪Ů˵һϢ
ǵΤʯĶΤ־ϱΤҵ̨ԺŮ˾һıΤҵĲƲ
ڵϻǷˮ𣬿ɺȴǺȻʧˣ·ûгֹһ
֪ȥ²ԷӦ뿪˵ΪӵҲǸӡû뵽Ȼط˳㣬ܸɣĻŮˣ
磬ʶƳһԴ߻̫ļû֪ҶԼĹϵ
ͷ˵֮ǰйϸֻû뵽磬Ϊū
ɬЦЦŮʲôã˵طƾЩһСطܻĲϧʵټʵǲġ
ڼԼ̰ıԣȻֵطǱúˡ
һһѣһЦ¶һĨ㶮õЦݡ
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ƲƲͣ˵磬㲻ҪСңСҾСԼòðİɣһұ֤
˵꣬Ӱʧˡ
ҡҡͷĿٴ䵽˳ϣȻˣȻûвܵ˵
˵ˣˣͲūԵ޹ʵȥ
ʱʿѾ˳ߣȻЪ˹غš
ɳˣٻһЩЧģū֮н˸վˡ
һͷūǱŵӷ׷վеķŭͶĿһŮ˼˳
һŮ˶£Ⱥүǻʲô
ū֮вʿǵѪԱڵѹȸĥûˣȴһŮ˺
ԣҲҪվ
죬꣬Ҫվţ
ôģƴˣ
ҲҪɱǣ



587 
ūǵһ˻ţţƺ
ΪжǳףûæĻƾԼ֣õĽֻ
ֻڼӿԼĽ࣬ѡһϵķʽȥˡ
ʿǱȻе˸ҿһȥЩūǸҲͿˣͲҪʲô
ֵܽǣɣȺȥҾҲҪһźţϵǷ񣬿ȴʮƽƽǸκε
΢΢ҡͷվǳ㰡ʲôطȻܹ侲˼Լİȫڵһλϡ
ʲôطŮǴһȻҲвٵǿŮԣɴ󲿷ֻΪġ
һŮ˶˵ǿӲһȺүĵŵŭı׵صȼˡ
һǳ򵥵ѡ⣬ҪǿҪôˡѡ񷴿Ǿֻս֮ǰܹһ汳ģ˵Ҳʮֻġ
ܿ죬ʼˣӳ߿ʼԽԽ˲μ˽ΧΧ۵Ⱥǿٵغ˿֪Ҫ㹻ʩչռ䡣
ģһޱȵЦһӰ͵ڿնɫ⻪˸ѡ
ʲôˣغһεж֪ΪλôĲ⡣
һڿնĿֱָڿޱȵļһ
ˣģɫ⻪һ۵Ľ˵ͷγһɫ֡
һĻЦˣСʵ̫˰
֣һƣټͷųγɵ֣Ǹ𺳡
ʲôȻӣһǵӼҪˡ
ǸŶһ·ͼӻİô᲻֪ǿ
ԣĵڶͲǽΪ֪϶ò㲻ûɱҲǾеˣһԴĹ⣬񳡾ֲӣ˸ӣôһ䱣ӡ
⻰ˣ֪һεĽж²ôѵġ
ˣԸģ͸ɱȥҪɱ޹ϰգʿһɱ⣡ΪɣΪϣ尡غһֱڼسǵǿ۷ţҲѧһѧ
໡
ʱūȫվһɾ˵ϢЩūɢǱʵֻǳūĵ׽Լ߰ˡ
һĵǾͻ±һͷҰޣκεˣԻɱ
³ǵľǷ׷׺˿ܵʲôǣղĻҲǸɱˣؾǴ˵Ľͻǵġ
һֱûжȲū߳ȥʱŶˡ
һ̣˳ߣʿҪ֡
ҹһĳ֣ͬһĳ֣ʿӦĻᶼûУֱӱƷ˳ȥ
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ͷҡҡͷ˵лԺ˵뿪طɡ
ҷɵһֻСè䡣
ֽϵüȥץס˳ĸ첲ڱӡĵ
ʵ»ָ˳ϣɫúÿ˲١
ллһ죬˵
һЦ˵ȳȥ
漴һʧ˳ߡ
ôü΢壬̫ͻȻˣҶεĻᶼûС
ӱײһ£ѹ첽Ⱥ³ǵųȥ
ôȺ˵ĿǳȥȻؽؾɵԨ۹
һĻʵ̫ˣǧڵūɫȥûе
³ǼӲʵĳżһ˲ͱǧһԶس˳ȥ
һ·϶ڻЩūʿҪɱˣͻｫʿˡ
˰ͬһӭƮĴ죬ǰȥ
ؽʵ̫ˣ˶ҷЩСֱӰе˵ϣֱͶˡ
ؾѾ˰һЦⱻȳūʮֲ
һ֮ȺūѾܳȥһأֻǲ֪ʲôط룬ֻѡһ·ϡ
ۿڲҪ˷Ѳٸ·ʱˣ֮һкصԼߡ
С죬ʣµ齻Ұɣ˵ǵЦݶΪ⡣
ͷȻЩ񫣬ǻһ뵽ʶ֮С
ʶ֮аתţﻹܵȴȥ̽顣
һһʧԭأڳֵʱѾģڰ֮С
λ밲Ӱһ֣ūǵĸ߶ȹעǷ׷ԴȫעؿǴ֮صˡ
ǶؽҲңƽ˵Ŀ·͸˿ռ䣬ǻڻΪƽϢ³ǡ
ˣһҪϣҪвģֻж÷ˣܹõȥϡǲ÷ӦѾΪһͷʬ壬ЩԨ۹ţš
ˣû˭ǵģƾʲôǾҪūƾʲôǾǵɱȨΪŽᣬΪʵ
ǿʵǿûлᷴС𣿲ǲСǿ壬ֻǵĽԴԼһЩ˵ƣ˸ĵ·Ϊ壬Ҫǲܱ壡Ҫ𷴿ҪԼУ

Ļһ䣬˶ԼҪȼ˵ɱȥ˶ųɱȥ
ؽ꣡
ؽ꣡
ؽ꣡

һŭǧɵĶ飬ӵ˿ʮơ
ڰ֣˵˵վ޵ģΪṩĻᣬΰջỹҪԼˣڣҪ뿪Ǿ뿪ɣҲҪؾǾͼ롣ǻһʵȥǵ磬ǵĺٳΪūǵĹȥΪǹʯϵĿ̺ۣ
ؽǸˣ
Ҫؾ
ӱؾˣӻ
ؾɱȺģ
Ⱥ鼤ȺЦˣΪʲôô쵼˶ϲʲôݽˡ
ݽⶫʵǵѡ񰡣


588 ҵľ
ȣȣȣ
ģһź˶תԴؿŶ
׵ľǴӶǴ³Ƕ
ūһ׷ͷ˲١
һ˫˫۾ضŶ֧ԽԽūǾȵҴһ¡
ʵе̫˰ǵԨ۹ʵ۵Ļûֻӵǿ
ЦݣžԶܿһ˷˳ٶ
ؽڴ˵Ⱥ򽫾ɨһǺѽѽһƬū𾪵ͬʱǸæ˵
ͷ˵⽫ҪЩҾͽˡʣµԼͺãǾıսɡ
һӦһֳ֮˴Ĵָ˵ǹİȻܹƾһ֮;ȳôūͶذ
һЦڰ˵⽫ЩǾͲҪ˵ˡ³ΧɲôͨϢɢֻҪܳūԼ뵽ܵĴ
һתƣ˼ʾԼᰴ˵һ׷ĺ֮ȥʵеġ
ûˣбȥūŵ˿ʼЩūϴ͵ķźü͡
һūͰ˷˵ͷǲΪ֮ǰ˵һûһūΪȥ뿪ˡеūһѪڵص˷
֪ȹסūһַˣǵѪȥʱҲνˡ
ģһŮ̧ͷһƣǳ㡣
¶ʵȴǲ죬ƺڻŹȥļ䡣
ͷҿһûʲôˣſ˵ؽûв´Ҷ
û˵꣬ͱֹˣЦǺǵʵô֪ãûҾҡֻû뵽һֵط档
Ц⣬ȻЩ࣬Ȼ޷赲ĳζ
˲ʲôطҫ۵Ĵڣֻһؽһ´𣿡ʵһʼûȷݣɵʼһݽʱȴֱ֪ݡ
ðɣȻôһЦŮ˵ܾõСһ㡣
ҡҡͷɬ˵ΪʲôԱĿأ
̾ϢһЦЦ˵̫ǣˣԺʵʱһġأԴʧ֮ѾȥˣôԨ۹
㵭һЦЦ߲̫Ŀɬͱˡţһʱһ顣
뵽ʱͲǵ۹ֵģֱӵ˫Ԩ彻ս
ΪһŮˣе֪ԼҪİĵطĻΨһİ취Ǿܿҵһɽ
һǿĿɽ
ƯĻĳ˵ѣûһС˵ķˡ
ƾŴͻǣ㲻ϵȥ˽˸ϢǽԼӵʵˡ
أҲ²⵽Ѿ·ˣһ·
֪ԼҪΣյСطȥҪȻվǶܲսҵġԣԼĴǻ۲ϵߣһļһǸ˴Ӧһ뿪ɾ뿪ǰһϣⷢˡ
ų㣬ԽҪȥʲôԽ
뿪ǰһϣڵݵ㱻Ԩ۹ȷϮˡһǧˣǧʿȫնɱ߳˷²ʣµһǧ˺ӺŮǡ
ʱ򣬳Ϊūζû뵽ǣҵŸոտʼ
Ϊū֮󣬳㿪ʼ뷽跨ȡԼˣϣһܹȨ
ǵģҪȨɡûʲôôģƾڵӵɣ͵ڿΪūгкȡ
Ȼǲһūģ뷽跨ҪΪ֮ˡ
ϧǲ˽ūĵλжô͡ΪϲūҲûáΪСŪˣͱ֮У
㳹׵رˣ۷˾޴ĸı䣬ǸʵĵطֻҪȭͷʲôû⣡
ûȭͷǾֻܰ۵ȨûС
ϧ㷢ԼĻᶼûˣÿܹľǰձ˵Ҫȥ¡һżᶨ࣬ţȴš
ֱ³ǵĹ㳡֮ϣǱˣп˲ʵͬʱҲٷйԼ
ƫƫˣΣգ¿ϣĹâ
ֻǣˣѾǸˡ˵ͬһˣֻЩͬ
벻ľ˷ḻ˵Ĳ֪ö˵ʲôˡ
㵭һЦʱ˵Щ飬ľѾǳƽˡϾĵڶΣѵõĻᰡ
ܹٴ㣬벻顣ü粨ɢһ˵Ϣ
ͷŮ˿ûʲô뷨ת˻⣬ʵʲôս𽫻ȫչġ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҫһᣬһƽ̨ҪЩԨ۹˺ڣ
ŭϧڵʵеˡҿ޷̫ߵְλֻܴ㿪ʼ˵Ըᣬ̫İΪŮ̫ڲͬĻòô
˭룬Ц˵㹻ˣһҪƾԼʵһҲ῿ã
ȻʧЦ㿴ȷ˲СĴ̼ҪȻô˵Ļأ
ãȻô뷨ĻȥӾɣѩһŬӾһ֧ľӡͷ˵ӾǱȽʺϳĵطġ
ʵһ뷨ģҪ㲻˵Ļܹﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
Ǹ֮ţһѣܹлӴĺȨȦӡ
Ӿ𣿷İɣҲʧģ΢΢һЦ¶Цûջȴһš
ɾ͵ģҪҾͺáھ͸ŷȥɣȥͼǣȻ˰ġͷ˵ȻҪųȥǾ͸ɴкҪ
óֻոջɵԼȥɰɣܷɳʵӥǰݺȸҪԼѡˡ
ų˷ڰͱĿٴλת³ǵķ
Ѿ̫ˣҪǴɣǧūˡ


589 ϱ
³ǣ˫֣ᶨؿ³ǵķ
ԣЩūѾȫ˷ƺƵͼǽԭӵĵϣ˲ÿյģʣһˡ
еˣƢ˵ӦֱӵǹƥɱȥҵǶӣһ٣Ȼﳤȥֱɱ
ɶӵֲСҪŪˣֲٵ鷳֡
׸ôأ
üͷԽԽˣ΢΢ҡͷҲȥˣȥ³ǿ˵ɣ
ֱ³Ƕȥͬķӻ뵽³Уûɵ顣
³ǵĽͷѾָ˰ֻǽͷѲʿࡣһΪ˲ûܵūһ߷ֹ˳
ʶɨһȦûз©ūֻвٵľۼһ̸ʲô
ֵûʲôϢ㻯һʿϢؼ뵽ѲߵĶ֮УųҲǶӵ޹ȥ
վҪһӵģҪ֪ΪλͻȻ´
ɱǧūɲʲôСĿ
䱸ɭϣʱʱûһǿʶɨϵһֱ˱ӪߣϢһ¡
˰˵Ǹʲôãƫƫܵ³ͷūһϱˬ˵Լ˫ȡ
һ仰Ҳû˵ԹԵš
ٺ٣ֵܣɲǹؼؼô֪ô³ǻնɱūϢģҪ֪ͼǸҲҪʱնɱϢų־ˣֻһʱ
˺ٺЦ˵ʱ⡣
۾һһ˵ĵʵ
ǰɣϸ˼ǣһֱ³ߣ
أǲ³Ҳ³ǸԶ
³Ǹʲô
㰡
ЦҪ³˰
ֵ˰Ѿʧȥ˺üˡ

˵ͬʱĬսʹ̫࣬ൽûԸȥ䡣
ЩʮֲܣǲɱһˣϧϾˡҪһȫµͱҪƷɵͳߣɱѪǲɱġ
ò˶ʱ䣬ϾͲôɱ¾ˣһĿ⽥ʵ
ʱԱ˿ʵֵͦʲôʱģ
˼˳ЦǺǵ˵ǰյģ⻹ûأΪ¶ǰǷˡ
Ȼصͷ˵ðʵҲˣǧ˲ȥˡ
磬˵⻰±ϱ֪𣿡һԾģæʵ
ϱˣĻЦһ˵ֵܣǸ±Ӱɶͷ㹥ӵأģҵˣ˭˭˵ˣ㿴ǧūնɱզ
ҡҿ»˯þġԴ˵ʵ
ϱӵͷ̾Ϣһ˵ǵģ˭Ը鷢һƽ׽˵ĶҲԸɣ
ܵ۾һ΢΢һʵļٵģӲԸΪʲôҪ
ϱӿһۣҡҡͷֵͷѹ˵˵Ҳ˵ġ˵ҪЩ˵ľѪʲô󷨵ġ
¡
Դͬһըըˣ˵ľѪ󷨣аȻ
ĺһ޷ѹֵŭ
ʱԱϱӵĻȴͬһˮһٴ˹ˣôԡ³ǶӲٶˣֻ뷽跨ȥסඣ㿴ķӲõʱаĶȻͻϳˡ
Ͳ»ܵĳͷ𣿡ʶʵЩΪȽϵµ˵ǸͲ֪Ǹʲô
ϱҡҡͷٺЦСӣǹ۵İô˵ɣ֪Ҫˣô
һ취Լʶ˵κ˶뵽ĵһ仰
а취Ҫñ˵أ
Ĭˣ֪ϱӵ˼ˡΪ棬֮ǰءڵĶӲǴıԵ
СҲôˣ֮ϣܹģ˵ʲôʱǾͳūеһɣϱļһε߿ˡ
ͷȻϱӵûʮֶԣȻûйǿʵҲûкܸߵĵλеʱһЩﶼǴֻ֮˵˵ġ
һʼϢʿеŭ𽥽ƽϢ
ĴȥǶ죬ЩʿֵƴĿʼ˰ɣ
һеһ˭ֲãֻ
ӣȽϺã˵ʧ˾Ӫ֮С
ѾԶӳˣһǵѾٱļһΪԼĳֶʲôɥĲ飬ϾʱɱýһܹʲôɹԼŵĻ³ǵľ־壬ؾ־塣
һַǳµڹǺسǵս֮оʹõ
ӻһӰӣųǽĸһ˱Ƚٵĵط
ǽϣֱ뵽˺ڰҹɫ֮УʧӰˡ
ӣϣһʱ䲻ҪʲôҲĵ飬򣬵ȴľֻ·һˣͷһںҹԵüΪ۵³ǣ˵
漴ͼǸϻȥˡԺ֮һε뷨Ҫúÿһ£ûʵʳɹĿԡ
ʱ³ǵĳУͷɢڱ֮ϣؿ·
ΪʲôΪʲô
žણ
һƱˤƬŵ±˶˵ˡ
ŭЦ״񣺡ãðǶñӺ۸ǲǣñƢãһΣҾҪı˭ѿ
£ϢŭҪ壡
£Ǵӳˣǧ尡
ؾҪôµķʽսʤǣˣǾͱȺˣӵԸĻǾýɽ͸˰ɣ
һƬȰ֮УһϬֱӴ˶ӵҪ
˭ɭֲ۾ֱضˣ·һڶ
΢Цⲽʩһ֮˵£ҸɷһֱΪЧɿ˹ȻҪúø¡
ɷɿˣɷĶӣ۾һȻǸ˵
˶˵ɷǸç򣬳һʵǿһСĻ֮⣬ûʲô¡ƫƫһȴһŰӣȡΪɿˡ


590 ɿ
ɿˣ£Ϊ𣡡
ɿ˵һ˫۾ʮ峺εټΪľģ֮˷׷̾ѡ
ӵͷɿˣ֮ǰȥʲôطΪһֱûмټ
£ɿ֮ǰһֱѧݷʦԾɾͲŻġû뵽ոջصңõıǸװϢɿʹ಻ѣ¸ɿһλᣬɿΪЧ
ɿ⻰˵УǶӣЩʯĳĴ󳼶ˡ
ֻǶӾôһڣʵǲűˣɿǲɿˣġ
һ֤֮󣬶һԱĸǰɿһʱټ˶Ӳ鿴
ԽԽľɿ˾ȻһֱڰڷһЩˣЩ˵ʵǿģһ㶼ǼΪͻġ츳ǿ
ãүǶԵңʧȥɷ󽫾ɿ㣡ãʵǺðϵ齥Ծһϣ֮ȼš
£ɿһֱλʦѧϰȻõȫĴУҲ˸߰˰ˣ¸ɿһЩʿɿȥҵɿһ˵Ҫ顣
Ҫһ֧ӣԣؾһһرȥ
ɱĸףǱҪģǿҲñ
³ΧҲô㻹Ϥһ£Ȼȥҵɣܹıĸ׻ҪõģӹһЦ˵
ǲܽһոջСӾͷŵսȥģҪһЩһǲڰ
ӻͦлɿ˵ģҪɿ˵ĹһĻ̼Ļ˵Ѿʲô˷ˡ
ҲƹģһԼҵͷؾȻָ˼ǰģ

磡
ʱ˿̵ڷɻͼǣ·Ͼʹһ޴磬ˤȥˡ
ðɣϵҵˣǲأЦһ̧ͷԶԶȥǰͼѾԶˡ
úصͼǣǱ֮ϣ뵽˳˼֮С
磬ѵ³ˣ˳ΪЩ˽⡣
̾Ϣһҡҡͷ˵ڻʱ򣬵ȹһʱ䣬͸ö˰ɡ
ٺ٣磬ɲҪһʱ㶼ҪϢ͵
һЦϵմˣ˵˭˵Ҫ͵ģҪڣ
ؽ
ģһԭǹܼҷ
ţˣ֪ͨˡڰ˵ҺøղûгҪȻ˼ҿһģһվǰĻ֪᲻ֱӷˡ
ÿһιǴĵģһûоκ˾ͻˣĺ͵˾Ī
ѵ˵Ƿʲô𣿻ЩոձǧūҲûдʲôõϢ




һʺ˿ǰˡ
ĺ͡졢ˣÿ˿ԼﶼһŨŨκϲá
һˣλɣ˵ƽĺܣǲǷʲô顣
֮ʵȥ³ܱߵЩ±ôˣ
һ±ܺã΢һ֮󣬾ѾܹսˡڽеĶЩСսлҪһսҲһ¡ĺЦǺǵ˵±ѵȷǳԤϣ͸˵ˡ
ãĽҪӿһЩˣ׼ҪĶˡͷ˵ƽ͵Ŀдһɨڳļˡ
üͷһ壬վ˵ǲΪҪɱǧū飬ǰ³ˣ
ҡҡͷն˵ԭǴ³ǣ֮еĻ˳ǣͼǣ³Ǿȫǵˡ
ԣȷǸ׵ķչ취öӴ˿ؾĳУһоͶ÷չ˰˫һĻķչ̤һµ̨ˡ
ĺͳ΢΢ҡͷ˫۶ʵıˣ
ǵģҸıˡǱȵһ蹷Ϊ˱ȫԼΪһпܣҪȻҲնɱǧūȥĳ鷢ˡһĿ֮еŭʱʱ֡
˳Ĭڳ˳˸֮⣬Ǳȳūնɱū飬Ȼʹġ
ǡʲôʱ³ǵҪԲҶ˵õĻؾϱԶ޷ĺЩеʵһʱԸһЩ仯
Ҳû֮ǰַ񱨸һػ£Ϊ˽ȸ˶ȥķ
˰֣ЦЦ˵³ܲģǶӰɣЩ±ҲҪ̫ˡ蹷ʱҪ鲻ȥʹһ٣ǳ˱ȫԼİΣΪ蹷Ƿ蹷һҧһھ鷳ˡ
ĺͳĬˣüͷ֮ſʵ³ǣѵʱ񣿡
ͷ˵Ԩ۹Ѿˣ˴սϣǲܰ˭Ƶ̫ˣҪȻͻ˼¡
˶׵ģѾѶӸƼˣе
һЦҲżʵؾҪĿսԲʲôط½˵һ°ɡ
һԵˣ˵ֱվ˵ҪĿ궼³ΧС򣬴󲿷ֵľӶڻڳ֮УԳΪĴɢš
˵ĺܶԣһ仰ǵĸ΢΢һЦӳذը

ĸؾפأĸӦþ˰ɣ
ǵĸȻؾפأǲΪ뿪ǵĸؾפܹṩĶ̫̫ࡣ
˼Ǵͨؾפ˳ǺͼǵĴӦò󰡡ʵ֪³жôĹϵ
һֱЦݣû˵ˣſ˵ؾפصĿλƫԶﱳŻĹŴɽһ޾ı⣬ãԺͻ֪ˣһӡ
ˣ׷ɾǻ۹˵ĺͣҲûʲô𰸡
˵ɣĥǵԴˣԴҪˣһֲסˣٺЦ˵
ˣԴ²ãҪõĹڿ죬ǲźأ
ðɣȻǲԸȥµĻҾǰɣεɼ򣬱ӣûɣǳȥĥˡ
վӴָͳһͼ˵һΣȴ򼫵سǣ


591 ˳
ʲô
سǣⲻڿЦɣ
ɵسǵĵͼչ˵ǰʱǵ޷
ԤϵԴһЦҵĿʲô뷨Գԡ
ĺͿ˰죬տɬЦؽû뵽ԼسôľġҾã¼سǲ⣬ǣ飬ȴǲòǵġ
ĿǰؾʵԼسǵĹһʤݡ
ĺ͹ǵڹĹУһЩ鷳
ҪǵľǱԴ⡣ձصĹƣ򼫵سǣôҲʮҵı
ıؾܳġЩĶʲôʿҪú˼ġ
ؾڵĹģǴˣҲʵķԾؾĵսǲβġң㹻ؾǼһǷɢפء˳ǡͼЩط
Щ̣Ҫ㹻ľפأֳܹڿؽЩˡ
ҪľؾĿǰ൱±Щ±Ѳԣһ͹¾ͻᱩ¶ûϹսĶ̰壬˵ָЩ±ȥرɭϵĳǳˡ
ԣؾĸΧڣϱ±кʹáǵ±ϱҪؿǡ
һ⣬ؾһ򼫵سǣҹǷƱػнӦĴȥԵжǶڹǲ˵ǸΪЩһҪƴǣһҪʱǷԮʵԳܡ
󣬾˼سǣҹ϶ưոݣɳϮţǷس̫ıǱĵطЩ׽⣻Ҫǲ㹻ıֲԱ
Щᰡ
ĺ͵ķ˼ͬͬΪ¼سǲ⣬̫ˡ
ˣɵͷ
ؾҪģʤһҪȹסʤĹʵȻΪսսǾ䣬޿ɱľǴʧܵˡ
ϸ˰죬˵磬ĺͣǵģ˳ǺͼǷ棬֮ȶԣط˳̫ϱǡԶԣؾפأǽڻĹŴɽӣû̫ҪҪ㹻ϱɡ
ĺһ˵ͬؽһ棬ĵλƫԶһ㲻ܵһ棬ܵ˹Ҳѡ񱣴ʵսһˣǻĹŴɽȵߵ°ˣعͷٴؾפص飬ȫü
ͷû˵ԼҲͬ˼·
ЦԴҪ֣ˡɴؾפļҲ߰ˡΪؾפصİȫʹؾפسϱɡ⣬ӵʱһҪγɵսͼפ졣
飬ֱӽھӵĵϣԼѡ
ڴҹǷпֵܳ⣬ÿԲȡȷ˵ķǷвοԶ뼫سǵķΧ
ĺüͷ˵ؽ뷨ǲġһ֣ҹǱ߿϶ǻģҪ֪˳ǡͼǿǣ̫ıͶˡҹǳһ㣬ҹ治ᰴǵԤôʵġ
ЦҪҹΪǵĿأ
ĺһɵˣ⡭ⲻ̫ܰɣǵ̴ҼޱȣҹĸڣӪĸͭǽһ㣬ûжʮıٳ£ҹǲƵġؽҪɹǵļ󣬿̫ˡ

һˬʵĴЦ
ֽϵıؾȷʵûôʵҪܼʮ˽ǣˡ
ڵĹؼĹ򣬶Ǹҹ㹻ѹ
׼һֻ˵СӣҹһնжȻͼǷ򼯽رس˶ĺͲ²£ҹô롣
ĺ˰죬ͻȻ
ǰҹʵʩնжȻҪҹҹ϶Ҳᱻɵˡ
ʱͼǼرĲǷ򣬶ǼسǷҹ֪Ժ󣬿϶ĥͼǵսԶ
֮ҹ̶ܴϻţͼرسǣпһնҹسǣǳ鱨ͼǣֻҪһ֧Ϳشҹ
ľУسǷͰ°ˡ
ĺóϷͷ˵ؽ©ĺҪ˳¼سǣôڼسѸ޽͵ĴͿ԰Ѽسǣͼǻл˳ǺؾפصЧܹѸٵģҲͲҹˡ
˶Ц
һϸڣİţӣؾפسϱӻ˳ǳˣϱһ򣬼к±ͼǳˣ±ϼʮ򲿶ӣڼسＯᡣ
ĺ͸صʵˣеʳбҪװӳֵĵطЯ
ĺҪľ׼ùس֮ĴʹĽ蹤Ҫֺʡ
⣬ΪԤһĺŷ󷨵ͼֽڹ¼سǵͬʱϽвãἫ֤ҪеĹİȫ
Լ׼ҹնж
һжּҪɵҹĻѶ̫󣬳ɹҲ̫СҪҪⷽһҪɵҹļֻҪ㹻ܹﵽԤڵĿġ
£ûǶūšǿרҵ͵ϮרңεĽūжūѾǶͻϮ͵Ϯ˽ӽʦľ顣
ūŻԼҲ̫ܵˡ
ϸȨһūеˣͲܹﵽԼԤڵĿˡ
ǣϤòˣҹĸۡҹԼȥ֮ӦöԸۡ˺ܴķ
Լ˽⵽ӦԶˡ
ҹܲܰһɣĻɾ˲ƵĴˡ
ûֳɵǵͼֻܰԼļ仭һͼ
ȻնɱҹΪĿģôжСӵİȫ룬Ҫǵ֮ء
ͬʱҪҹ壬߶Ĳðա
ǵķɲһǿǰūȫȥһͻΧҲδؾܰеһķջ̱
˼ƻĻ͵ķͲڿǵķΧ֮ڡ
˰죬ҪһС͵ĴСʹ󣬿һΰʮ˴ߡ׳ʿͿԷδꡣ
ؼǣСʹýָЯϣװҲ˲ܹɵ顣
߻ûп꣬ĺѾе鶼ȥһжɽС
ĺͽ廹ʲôš


592 ໥
Ӧ˵ս˼·ϣѾû̫ĸĶͼˣھʵʩϣԼĿǵġ
ΪежǶģ޹ģһл塣
ҹдһҪѡǡʱУȻҹҲΪһΣ˷硣ֻҪҹ˼·ôڼسǵ򣬾һ޴鷳
ˣھսƻϣҪһ
ΪҪҹ𺳣ȾҪȰҹĵ
ʵʩӦȵӼԺɳ˴εĹǲ͹سǡ
Ҫպó߶ȣ㹻ѹȣ߼е˾شһҪѼسǴۣͬʱԹ³ΪĿġ
سܹϴҹ
Ĺҹ϶ǣῼǹӵʵͼ
ʱ򣬽ټһˣѹҳ̶һһҪݻټسΧķݵ㡣ͬʱҲҪвسǳǽķ
һҹǣҲɳԮ
ҹɳԮͬʱжʱڹݺݽһǣҹġ
ҹỳɣԼسǵжǲǽǸ𹥣ʵĿʵ
ǳԮسǲӣɲȡݾߵİ취;²ݵ㣬ԮȡеΣٻԮǰĽŲΪҪĿģسǷš
һҹõԮԽǰߣҹõĻرϢͻҹǰҪԮȥҹһԮǣԱʱ֮衣
Щǣĺͺͽ岻ѡò˵սԹ˼ϣǳѰ˺ܶ౶ġежʵʵĻյĿܹﵽġ
ڣĽڵ㣬еܷҹ㹻塣
һ˵磬ĺͣǰԤļƻаɣһʱġ
˽ĺְͣͻϮǵǰǰϸһ顣ûʲô©ĵطʹūŵĳԱ͵ķǶλá
ǰе·ūųԱױͨϰգΪһǱ뵽С
мūŸ˼ƱƺƴĽūжڣԨ۹ڴ̶ӵ̲ϸǮδܹͨǷؾ
ز䷳ūųԱһСӣɳһһӶӻǡ
ͨĹ۲죬֣ǵפķ˺ܴı仯ԭΧرĵط̶ͬȼ˱
ٵıõͨŦλáҹҲ̵֪ıݣ״ڲƵġ
˵죬ϰѴפˡƻҲ֮ƶʵʩҪȽǱߵĹС
ͨװøȡϵýͶԼسΧʵʩԵڻػ
һҹȥҲûѯʽǱߵߵϣ֣ǵ˸ı䡣
ϵѲ߶ˣңڸõ̲ҲӴȡ
֪سǱսϢѾҹ
ڣǵȴˣֻҪҹԼжʱ
ǣһ죬ûҹϢ
ϵϣѯʼسǱߵĶ
سߵսΪңسǵĲӿǲӲ࣬Ȼػ쳣ǿء
ĿǰѾ¼سΧоݵ㣬ڼлǽķ
ˣ뵽˼С
ҹ϶ЩָƵģҹһĲǾǼسǲ̫ΣաһسֻҪҹԼʧûʲôġ
һɳԮǾͻ顣سֵıϾֻ򲿶ӣҪǵбͼͻ˴ʧˡ
ҹһۣЩ飬ҹƵΨһһ·ϣҹǲԹԾͷġ
뵽ѹǲӵ򣬶ңԼسǵʵʩϵĻҪ£ҹֲܼܲԮ
Щҹͷޱȡ
سһһսͨͨѶһҹ
ִЯػľӡڻ֮£سΧľݵȫݻ١ڣѾԳǽǷҹ
ǵˣ˵ÿ춼ڲӡĿǰΪػ޼سĿģ
ҹҲסˣϰսйһּسٵ
սָĿǰвȷس֮еľĿġ
ͳֵĵоԣЯͣ¼سǲʵġ
βܣسܵʧҲǼصġΪػѹ£سǵؾ޷ȥսֻм̵ĳǷ
ڶڵˣھԶûЧĻ
سǵԶ̾еȣ̫ԵɵЧɱˣʵ΢
ҪǲԮȥóǷĵбסسǣǷʧǲġ
ҹ;Ǳ˺ݾһһʱɳԮΪԭȻ᲻սˡ
һʲôè壬ɾͻд鷳ģ
Ϊ˹򼫵سǵĲʵ˲ܲġ֮ڣǰŽسǣҲܰϳֻҪԿǻͳ˧ǲôԲе顣
սһ£ҹһ⣬ɳԮƣȥԮȼسǡ
ǣԮٶȲҪܿ죬ͣͣʱע⼫سǵҪ;ϵһж
ôڣżСĵԮҲǺް취ʱֻҪԮʱϵ쳣ϻһжü
ҹһսúеս׼顣
ڣڽǿ𹥼سʮ֮ǵԮڳˡ
֪ϢȻޱȡӵԮһ̬ȴôҲ˲
첽ѼУ
ǵԮһȻֻǰʮͲȥԮݶ㲻ϣǴŴ󲿶ӳȥɢ
ڶ΢ǿ㣬ǰʮͰнٶȣǱ߰ѵҩˣߵԮҲнһ밡
ҹҲɵϣܹԮ磬Ӷҹʼմһ״̬֮С
ҲϣģҪﵽսĿģҹڼسϵԥ
ڣµˣǱߣҪʱ¼سҲǲʵġԮͣͣؾҲǸǳĿ顣
ãеĲȫͶȥһҪԵسǵ̬ƣһҪԮسǷϡ
Ȼбȫҹسǵʱҹסˡ
ںսһԮҹسǣһд۳Ԯ


593 ֮ҹ
ӵԮǰеϢǿһϳسǵĽӴ
ҹҪץˣԮԮ󣬼سһڻȻһҹ֮䣬еĵȫʧˣ
ݼسؾɳȥ̽ر˵ǷԲûм˵Ӱӡ
һʱ䣬ҹٸоᣬ治֪ڵΪʲô
սҹսһ˼
սȻԮн
ҹԮʱԮ˵չһ˳;˲谭ԷƺսСɵսϾӴѸٳ롣
ϵϼسǵϢҹֿҪϢĸо
ô죿
ҹЩΪˡ
ҪԮ¼سǳ£Ҫǲ֪˴ʲô⣿
սһ£ҹʱҪ۶Էʲô⣬ֻҪ뷨ȻжġǼسǣûʮ˵Ĵ󲿶ӣɲʵԵ˺ġ
һԷ֣ʮʮĲӣôҲܲߡʱ򣬾ʱܹӦԡ
ǵԮӵȻǳԮسǣٶȽˡҹǣһҪȷԵİȫ
еһУȫ뵽ļ֮УҹҲû뵽ʵҪĵˣһֱھԼƤ¡
ʱѾȫ죬жƻ´ﵽÿһͻӳԱ
̫ɽֻٵƬ̾ҪжʱȻʼȫǽϡ
ͨҹȫΪȫļ񻯣Ϊ˱֤ǵİȫӽʼȫǽϡ
䣬һʵеƻơҲ˵һڣе˼סҪѻϨΨһȨʹûģѲǲӡһз˽ʹùװģһɰͨﵱɱ
ҹ֮еĹϣһʵ峡ִ֣㳡˽˵ؽлģҲ֮ͨﴦ
ͻĽϣЩֲ
ڣҪݲп״ˡ
ɣµģµǣͬʱе̲顣Ѳǲӿ϶ɳɵСӣʽĴӸһŲ顣
һֿԱϻвʡ
ˣΧʮõסġһжԱ뵽֣һʳ˶жͻ뵽ıС
ҹһк
ڶԵص˫սУһ˫ޱӵ鱨š
˼ͻԼ۾䰲嵽˵ಿλҹ϶ǿǵмǻԲŻģϧһн峡
ҹûϵĲһٶԼǰһѼ⵶ˡ

ûпǶãϾ¶˾ġ
ԳùޱȣÿһСǰԼʱӦ֮ϸȥ
׵صõʱҲѾˡ
ȻͬԤϵһСɵѲСӿʼҰʼˡ
ʮ־Ŵ˷ţʮװȫһӵ롣
ϷһԱʵʩһ©Ų顣ƹģͶްɣ
ƹ˶һţսսشУУү
һҵĽŲƹĴѲСӽӽ˾סķ䡣
ѵһ˾סԺ䱻һ߿Ϊ׵СͷĿȵţӳȻӵĵɲˡ
ʮִݴӷ߳Цү֪ʲô鰡
СͷĿԴһۣĶˣȥ뺣óӼһ顣
䣬һСͷĿǰһѾǰ¿ɰСͷĿһҪߺȴ͵ظоһţһѪʹӲ˳ȥ
ûκεϢСͷĿ˫ĿôģҲ֪Լôġ
ʣСĿⶼǱߣûע⵽ԼΧѾΧ˲ø߼еˡ
ûЩСֵĽҲһˡ
һ´õƹģȻ˻Ѳǲӵ·
·ŻװĲ£ҡ˽ͷ
ϣϰ˵ġ
ʵϣַǷҹҲ˾ģһҪڳԴ󲿷ֵĲӶԱǽһŲ顣
ʮĲӣӿǵĴСܲô
²ĴЩ˸Լ˾סõꡣ
õ꼸ͬʱѲǲɳСӸռˣϵһסԼ˵õʱԼֵڽŲ顣
ĽӽԼǷŲͷĿ˵עŲСӣҲܵ˱ɵͬˡõĶԱͬϵ˵ķװԼ
ı취ɢͻӳԱһ£һеͻԱһ١
Էģ룬ûٷսĹмԱ
֪˶ãЩɵӣͻᷢ쳣ͻɧңģĽϷ
Ҫжˣ
ʱҹر϶쳣ɭϣͨҹۡ·Σ϶ͭǽһ㣬ҪȥʵʩնףδЩʵ
ôҪѡĿꡣ
ܹԸɾ޴ģǾֻʮĿľĿˡ
ԣе⣬Ŀ㹻𺳣
ңǷģеķӦԱһЩ
뵽ϰԼĶԱһжӣӽָó߼еȫ·ԱǵС
µĶԱһҪеһжҪжָӡ
ûκ˲ö֣
ϣͻжӣרżһЩСӣеڵλó
ܼСģؾѲʵ̫ˣ޴ڡ׳ʿոմСڴһ֣ҪһСʱ򣬱ϵѲǴӸˡ
վסĲֵģ
һ֣ʾ׼֪ⶫɲŪһֿԣԷϿԶֵġ
λᣬս󽫾˽ҼҶ󽫾үʧȥүġ
ʻ֮ЩŽɣշжϣҲȷʵǴս˧Ǳ߹ġѵʱɳĲӣ֪
ʻСһţһ˿˹Ȼ˷˲ԡ
ǳǷפķΣǡ
Ҳҹʵʩ˵ƻƣһƬֱߵǰСŷһľǳǷӵ·ûСһڽСǰһȥСĲĶϣСʱϢȥ
ڴʱ˸ոջЩֳɧҡ
֪϶ЩɱĳǷʿԼ˷ˣŻ״
ݵһ̻ڰУըһĿͼ


594 Ϯе
ű̻Ŀըʾһţ̼䣬ǵĳǷӿʼзģĽ峡
ͬʱⲿˣҲߵĲԡ
׼ս˵Ľһ£Ĳϰսչ
֣ԷĽͬ´˹
ûȶԷĶɢںùΣѵصĶԱչж
ʮԱѸٴ֣һͷ˶СʣµʮڻĶԱ˲չ
ա
滨ͬĶһ㣬һĵк˵˵ϡ
һֲļһʹİžҵıըĿһ֡
Էǧ˵һӣڱ滨һִεķ£ϾʧȥսһǧˣľİٶˣҲʵԱܹģˡ
ĳǿ˵ʿҲÿһȣˡ
ʲôֲеֱǹޣ
һִΣڻĶԱн·ߣȥ
Ǿе⣬Զ̵
ھе쳣ҪԾеΧҲͱϳеʿصĺԱס
ҲΪˣϣǷӲûرѲߡΪҶ֪еرɭϣھеΧرе㻭ζˡ
ͻСеͻʱûϳǷӡ
ǣӽеصʱǰͻȻһɰɭϵӡ
ʾͻͣ۲죬ڶǰĶըһͨ
ʮɵСӦУнսεվλ뵽ڵ̷Χ֮ڣСӶӳһ£ʮһڵһĿꡣ
ЯڵǽҷⵯƣһЩ߼䷽ƶɵġӱըȼյЧǿҵѣ⹦ܡ
ڵըͬʱڵӵһЩЧӦĺԪؾͻᱻĿĳǿ⡣ڵ󣬴лЧּ˵ĿЧ
֪ڵĵˣﻹսȥĵֿ־ȫı̬һĿֲɵˡ
ûʲô£еΧĵһϵͱڶӸƽˣΪһߵĹ޵öȽϼªûиפڵʿЧķһߵʿȫɥ֮С
ڶϼᣬ˵ڶߡһߣеɫŹ¼̣һЩЧĵֿھ޴£̼ͻҷ
˵ڶߣͻԵľм̸ǽľеĲλˡеĸǽ֮޵ộһǿرҪһ棬ҲԤеһʧɵΣ
˼̸ǿ赲ͻɵ˺
ڶѿеĹͷһٻȥ̵ĸǽλƣûб
ǵҩ⣬ڶӶӳûɣ
ʱԶԼʱؾ־е쳣ٹԮˡ
˾ͻӵĳԱȫԭشԼǿ׼˴ţһӳ˹ȥ
ݡˡ
ֲͬľе뷢䣬׼еź޹˼ɳ
һʱ䣬𣬵裬ڵǵһҹ
ڶЩ߼еϸûκεЧǿľе裬ҲϽһǡ
ڵЩ޴ľеΧը޴ĳзɽĵƬǶû˿á
գۼ䣬˾еǰ΢΢һұۣݺһȭ˾еš
ֻһֲ߶ľеžȻһ
ȭͷһ°ѾеŸҵ÷顣
еؾ͵ıָסˡһʱ䣬ؾҪҪд
˾еţһɨۣ˸ؾλá
ӽָȡһڣؾľݵ㿪ʼڵ
һ춯صıըųĻ⣬Ŀǿ𡣾޴ıը˺ѷεؾȫûˡ
еؾеţһ֣ʾͻӵĶԱϿ
ԶԽԽˣǳǷӵĴ󲿶еԽԽˡ
ӽָȡСʹĲϣͻӷֳһ˸ϽС͵Ĵ
ڶӺͱ滨ͻСӲõҩ϶ھеſڣӦǳǷӵĹ
һɱеĸλܹʱĸ߼еɢֿȥ
ͻӰոԵõæµš
ĵľʱ⣬ΪԶǳǷӵԽԽӽˡ
ǷӴĻѣ죬ʹϿг˵Ĺģ⻹ֻͷϹģ½½Ӵ󲿶е߸ϡ
ھеŵͻԱһٶˣԷֻҪǲƴ۵һ棬ͻͻӵʬ
ĽչողŴһ룬ЩеַͶʱװõ˻ûйӡǾеĹģʵ̫ˣûκθһȦ˶Сʱ䣬οԱǻҪġ
Զ⣬ܿǳǷʿˣһյʱ䣬ЩԮеĲӾͻϵ
ʱ䣬Сʹ󣬻һʱ䣬ڣҪΪСʹĶԱʱ䣡
һ£ߵſڣڶӻб滨СӴϣеţڵڶߵĲȱ
ʱԮеĵһѾϵ˾еΧĵһߡⲿֲӣǧҵĹģĴߴ
죬ϽǰϣҪǾе飬˭Ҳܵˡ
λĴߴ£ʿƴǰϡ
أȺʿѾڶӵ֮ڡڶӶӳѯʴǲ
΢΢ҡҡͷĿǰ£ڶһ䣬Ȼܹشⲿˣ̫ռˡʧǧˣǧˣҪǷֵ˰һӽͻ߾ûˡ
ģ۶Ԯ˱滨Сӵ֮ڣһ򣡡
գ滨ͬʱⲿԮǰγһܵĻЩԮ⧲׷ڱһĻ½¡
췢ԣѾˡ
ǧ˵Ĺģɲ˵ܹͣͣġ
ǰʿڵе£ںʿҪسҲǲܵģΪ´ʽǰ壬ںʿĳ£ǰʿò滨Ļ
ֱ滨Сһִεĵҩ꣬ǰ·ʿǲ΢΢õϢһִһԮѾһǧ˱ʬ壬нһǧ˵ڵϲϰ


595 ݼس
Ԯ˻ˡ
ڱ滨ĴУʹﲻʿĶ˶ݵÿԳ
Ͻˡˡ
ûλ˵ֲ꣬
ĿĹ⻪һЩûнӴĿЧԮ׻񡣿ֲĳ޴ڵĵƬϢ棬Щ뵽˼ֻŵľС
˶ĵطµľǿֻš
ڼϱ滨Ҳɱ˷ΧΧǰȫġ
˿ֻŵȺԼ໥ֲ̤顣
ѣʱʧЩʿһӸоӵĸܣһ뵽˾ıԵܵǿʹ£ʼûͷӬһײ
һںⲿԮǧˣ໥̤Уʧ˽ǧˣԮ춼δ⡣
ʣµⲻһǧˣӾָﻹǰУ
춼ˣԼ
ǣⲻһǧ˵Ķ飬һӳһǳķܡ
ϵԮɥʧǵһ壬Ҳ˽ƣһʱ䣬Ԯҳһš
Ľġ
ɱôԮͻûκε壬Ϊоľʵ̫ˡ
ʧԶԷ˵Ͳ⡣һԷסţȴٺӣ治һġ
Чһɶ
ͻϮ֮£ԵɿֻԵЧһʹ˾ͻ׼ͲЧˡ
һٶ֮ڵǰľеҲǰ״
뵽СӺͱ滨Сӳ˾е⡣
ΪγΪеĶԱӮ˲ٵʱ䡣С͵ĴѾɣЩöʱװĶԱҲ˻
ϿС͵ĴԱǰʮһĹģν뵽
ȴεĶԱʱ򣬾еѾǺɱһƬˡСӣͨߡ
СӣſڣûκεıСӰеĵҩĿȫȥ
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СҲǹˣͲ׼װõҩǰһڣȻٽȷ̻Ҫ⡣
ĿĵĿըʹþеǰԲķΧһƬ𺣡ĿĹâѾǰʿҽӽ
֮£Ԯӣžеܱչ飬ӴԶ˵ĸǽȥˡ
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ڵоԣۿԽԽãһʧ
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ˣͨС͵ĴǶٶλá
Ա֮ӽָó˴͵ķгԱϷͼǷ
˰ҹķУһ˸ϵͼǣѶԱǽͼ֮ϳϵ˼س
ΪõԤ֪ͨ
»ܵسǵԮѾҹǷ򳷾ͬʱͼؾĲ𣬷ֱʮ򣬳⣬һҪٱǵӡ
һӣɰҹŻˡҹǵǷһӸٵһЩЭǡ
ʱڣ֮ҹǲʲô׳٣ֻҹˡ
ּڹ򼫵سǣѾûκεӰˡ
¼سǣûκε⡣
Ϊ޶ȵļٹ򼫵سǵȸسһĵսۡ
˰Ѽسедŵʽģ壬ܹ׼һţôͷͶس
سѾϾһԮ翹Ǹı䲻˼Ƶˡؾ̹ɱ¾ȰسͶڼسؾͶ򣬳֮ʱʬɽѪ
Ͷżýʮٴοسǰ
ܹ֮ļسյµţֿ˳ֲĴ¶γһɼĿֻš
вٵԽǽӳؾͶ
O˵ڶҹҹɫԽԽ࣬ЩسǵʿҲϰгͶĻʵ̫ϤˣϴιͼǵʱҲƵĻ档
󣬼سУֻҹҵĲڳУسǻϳ˿ճǡ
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һߵĳȴʵʵڵġسؾԵֿһʹ󲿷ֽеͶˡ
سسǽһȥɱѳְˡسǽɱüسǵؾһӱˡ
ܵģͶģŵʿ޲ΪԼŬûеֿˡ
еʮ˳ؾͰسռˡ
ΪҪսپεĹڼسǵƻҲǴĿĵġǽûһģسڵլ̣Ҳ󲿷ֻսС
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ĺ͸򣬵ĺȴæڱѲͳ˧ֻԸˡ
ĺ͹飬ǰļƻҪڼس޽͵ĴԱ֤ʱسܱûкʵλãأ˿ɷǰѾļسǳǽͰѴڳڣóǽȦ
뷨еȻǮһ㣬Ҳǲɳܵģͬĺ͵Ľ顣
һʱ䣬سǳ˴󽨵ĻȾ
ĵľǷĶϾΪؽسǣӻ˳Ǻͼǳٵ֡һҹʹؾĵֲ㣬湻ͷ۵ġ
鱨˵ҹѾʼԼĵӣһЩΧľݵȫһ˼ӪԼʣµĵˡ
Щ鱨΢΢һЦϴҹϮǾеҹʵ̫ˣҹѾûٹ˵ϼسߵˡ
ıʱĺͼӽල̽ȣڼس޽˼͵Ĵ
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ͱ˵ͼǳʵ˳˼س̯ӵĳļפسǣټسƶ񣬾ϺϵĴС鶼ɽʡ
ĺ͸ңһͷʴܹܼЭ̽ĸ˲šʹҪĺ͸ʵҪĺ͸ͬʱسٽؽҲҪĺ͸
ҪǣūŽȳūҪĺ͸㣬͡
Ͽɵģʵе˼ѹйսԹ˼Ϊĵġ
û취ؾŵ̵ĲԽԽǿˣӦ˲Ŵȴزġ
ڷ·Ȩ˱ǾԿɿҳϵġһ㣬½ˣҳ㹻ˣС
½оһѺ֣õϣԵòˡ
ҲΪʲôسԽûа½ԭ½ͼǣػ˳ǣⶼǺʵİţҪǰ˵︺񣬿ԽԽҡ
ۿżسǵĴʹ޺ˣ˲Ÿо΢΢һسؽһصԶĹ
һգĺ͹ȴķԼӪС
ҵ˽ĺʵ㿴ؽô
Щ֣ʵĺͣؽӪУ
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һ˵Ȼūѡһ֮󣬻ʵзġõķУһЩʲģͷУһɵݡ
ҪһУؾڿƵĵ㹻󣬷ȥͲټˡūǰǰȳôūϼ̶ǸովսҪϢ治ð찡
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ĺϸϵһ壬˵ЦŴкöһ羰
һȻǷվɽۣ԰ѷԲķ羰һࡣ
ĺͶЩǻˣؽ鿴羰Ҷˡūһȵū⣬ôٰɡ
΢΢һüôࣿ
ĺ͵ѴЩȳūǲܱӵġЩ˻ҪҲ˵һ֮ڣЩǸɳԷġΪطҪʳĺЩŲסˡ
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֪ʼسǵģڼسǾǸǮĴҪѼسǱܹĵ̣Ҫܳһؽʱ䡣
ؽڼسǵĴͽѾ깤ˡʩؽڽУʲôģѾ뱸ˡڣΪȱľʳ
üͷˣҺʹȻͬ̿Բϧһдۻʤǵˣ͵ó˿һСάԼĵ̡
ҳôõģԷʱóʳҪǮʱҪóǮƾʲô㵱ҳ
ˣһָԶ˵ϬдЩӣǵ䣬Ǹ򡣡
ĺһȻʲôǸȴ֪ʲôλ
³ǣĺһŴͣŵʵɣؽѵҪ³ǵ⣿ⲻŸոմһԼͷöģﻹ
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Ҳò˼飬ҡͷ˵ǰؽĺ˵еھӷֲڲسԽ³ǣе˰ɣ
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ĺʶǿЦʵʵҪ³ǣԼ˵ʲôҲҪ˵߶˵߶ˡ
³ǿǶе֮Ȳ˵Ƿ̣Ƕͼ°֮вȥķ
³ǣжʮıҪؾҪ³ǣҪʮı
ȱ˵ܴܲЩǲӣô˵ʲĺͣҲղ
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ĺһӱҭסˡ
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ĺЩ֪ĺЩʵ̫ˡҪһģ޴ľжĺܺڲˣƶп޵ġ
뵽Щĺͣ˵Լ뷨
ݣԵ¾ٵľ־˵ˣһͷʨ쵼һȺܹһͷ쵼һȺʨӡ
Ҳ˵ٵľ־ںʹ̶Ͼս
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һ£ٶ滹ô֮ʿҪսҲᱻġһʿͻԽԽпɢˡ
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ĺҲظ֮ˣ˽ĽͣҲɵͷ
ĺͻʣôУҪ³ǣǵÿӣʮĵˣɲ˵˵ܰƽġ
ɨһЦǺǵ˵ⷽ棬ҿɾûоķˡ룬ؽȻô˵һгˡ
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ģ˼ϸǲıϵġھʵʩϣķĺͺͽ۽硣
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Ǿǲ³ֶٲӣѾûоս;ˡ
ӷͷǱƵһУôӻһս
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597 һս
ڻһ°ܣӻΪҪסڵһǳض÷ǳصġ
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ĺ˻˻ֱð뷨ʵ̫ˡһ˼ҪǳǺǲġ
Ԥ
ǴӸ߼е֣֪ĿǰؾеǸսĵġԱ滨ڵҩٴ˸
θҪġ滨һڵ̣һ롣
˵˵ĲӣҲͨװ˵ˡ
һϴĶõʾֻҪ㹻󵨣ðķպ͵õĻرǳȵġ
ԣ³ǣͬжֻҪܹ㹻ѹǲʲô˵ľٶġ
³ǾͻΧУ
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³֯ľ»ϣսһߵΪսĲҰܶתԵı仯
ʱȻвٵĽսԭսҰܣΪ˵ľе̫ңûµģΪʿǲƴ¸ɵġ
Ȼʢȴһ㣬ǾϴھԵơսһҪ˽ӴҪȡƣŵ˵ս
Ҳ˵սĲӣȥҪսʵƣȵ˶ˣǾͳ
ǵǵĴӪͰȫˡ
ȴʦԶϮǴһֲ״̬٣ټϾɧţһƣĸоƣԷȻͻ߽˵ս־ΪԺսõĻ
һҲˣɳȥһ˵սѾǶӵˡҪʧܵòôңӻܹеһս
ǣ㱨öӳ׾ˡĸĪ⣬̹ģҲĶ֡
ޱȵɿ֪Լô˵ˡ
λսҲãҲãһͬĿľǻס³ǡսսҲ֪ˣؾľеʵֲ̫ˡǼʹǳȥյУҲΪ˾еĳ̶ʧصģɻԽʿǵӰ졣ˣΪزϲߡ
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Ȼȥôеս׼ΧƷչӾееķеȫѻǽ档Ȼеңڽõ˾ôҪ³ǣҲǳ˵Ρ
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һ죬죬һֱʮ죬ؾһ㶯ûС
³ǵؾЩиˣȻ֪³ԭһٸ벿СһҪиˣͲǼܹġ
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Ȼһĵҹաڵҫ£³ؾֵط֣ʮܵĴͷǵһ˹
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ȻؾҪ÷ջĴͷʱͻȻһͷĵ衣
Щ貢سǲӽ˺ģһ˵ϡ
ͨͨͨ
ڵϱըˣը첻ҲûпֲĳЩ豬ը󣬲˼ֲĿ⡣

һļ˷ؾǳǿĿը⣬ҪǱֱӽӴäǸúԶҲһʱʧѣΡ
ղӶˣôˣ
ķӣ˳ִ˷շصϷһٸ߱߼һƬ𺣣̵ĹһӾͷ졣
ͻƵķշأ³ȥͶĲǵ裬һš
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ӵõظʰң뿪³ǡ
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ʱҲ˲ϼسǱ߻жˣѽĺȫ˹
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599 ԶĿ
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սΪ˴ﵽƽֶΣţ񽥽
վ³ǵĳ㣬˶³ǣͬһܻһϵתš
һεĹûкķѶپ³Ǹǻûܵʧڼһϰ˵ֻǻһٵİˣǵӻҪ
ȻһЩ˵Խܵġԭǽ˵õūŪŮˣŹˣǹ߱ѹķŭͷ񱻼˳ɵһ»عʷĵ·ϵʱЩȴԽˡ
ǵʶУ뵱ūûʲôȻԨ۹ûֻǱ˼ĸݰˡ
³γôһ֯뷨ǽ˸ϳȥԼļ԰
ϢʱЦˣҲżֱӽչ³ŵ˽˹һԼδ
ֻҪƳȥƾŵĸ졶ۡԼŵ·ʽԻԨеġ
ɽǣôһӡ
ؾѾռеУֻʣҹʱûпǹУһбҹӪ̫꣬ҹΪ⼸зģٹ̡
ؾڶΣؾûôıȥפذһҪԨ۹һڣȻٸݳ֮⳥Ļؾ϶ܲסġ
ԣݻڵУΪؾĽһչṩһ͵ʱ䡣
ţֻҪؾռĳУϾͲܵôһ˵ؾսǿҪؾߺáܹΪһЩôʵᵽʵݣ£ĵĸڡ
Ϧ£ػعڰĻ³һϢ˫Ŀ
ʱȥ˰΢΢һЦǵ۹ܶǡ
Ҳһ֧ؾ
֪ǵ۹ĸǱ߷չʲôˣͨѶһֱûյϢ˵ǵ۹֮еؾչĻȹ̣ûгִģҪ
һʧݶ֮ϣڳֵʱѾ˴ؾսӰĵط
رǩϢӰһ֣ǿʶ̽Уʼ۲ÿһӰߵϢ
ѰһЩؾԨ۹սʤĳԼؾפغ͹ռĴеȫѼһӰУҪЩӣϣ
Ȼ֮УͬĶؾͬĶֻһĿ꣡壬»ɺͰ
ȻҪĲֻЩǽ廹
Ҫƽк壬еҲ֮СƽҪһͳһĹң
ͳһˣ൱ĸǵ֣ûа취塣ǻܹлվ˫۳ڵս⣬һɰ֮Ȼ¶˳
ˢһһӰߡǸո⵽Ϣĺͣ˵ҲɣҪȥѯһЩأԶķ
ؽǣĺʵȷЩá
΢΢һЦӰĺͻ˻κ˵Ҵȥһˡ
ȥҪȥʲôطڵؾҪİĺɻ˵֪Ҫȥʲôطоһ˿¡
ǵģؾͷ͵ʱʱ뿪ˣǶؾ˵кܴΣա
ͷ˵֪Ҳǹһһ
˵꣬ٻˡ
ոճһ˵磬㡭
ءؽ⡭ĺ˲ɵˣѹû˵ܹ
⵽Ҫôǿʵܹ
ĺͲҪ룬ĳǸ⣬ţӵȫļǻۡ˵ֻϻ̲ס¶ЦݣģڿԼĵܵһ
ĺˣ߿϶಻ɸ˵ܰ
ããǽ˼ؽ㣿ĺ͵ͷЦǺǵ˵ֻʼչһ˿ɻ
Ȼ֪úֶνƳģǷϾǷ϶ǱȲϱģĺ
˵ǰڰ֣ǰ˵ĺͣˣҿ˵ǷҲ˵Ǵ籾𣿡
Ǳʲôۣ
ĺ֣ⶫĸ㲻ˡ
ĺ֪Ҷεıж˸Ļ֪θ롣
ôҵĹϵǱڵĻ³еİɡ
ðɣ˵ʵ޷֮𡣡ĺԹһ˿ǣڵҳ⡣
İɣҵķԼԼᱳҵģһЦĺͰ
ĺŷȻ˵ˣǻϾûˡ
һļ˵ĺԼ֪ͺã˻ǲҪˣȻȥǵ۹һʲôҪĻһϵġ
ǵ۹֪ܻ֮꣬ܲȥĺ΢΢Щ˵ÿ֣жһӼ¶
Ǽ԰
İɣò˶ʱ䣬Ҿȥһȥ̽̽·ʵĻҴԨ۹ǵ۹һ¶⣡˵Ȼƽޱȣľȴ˿޷Ρ
ĺ͵۾һ˵ĻǱ߿;ӵԨ۹Ԩ۹Ҳ;ӵǱȥ
ֻҪĹģ󣬴͵ľ빻ԶһоͶⰡ
ĺ͵ĺһЦ˵ôǲǺܶģ
˵ǼٵģؽˣǲǴǿ԰ѽ̼ӿ𣿡ĺֻԼĺëһķԾȫñڴǿͽԨ۹ؾǵ۹еؾһ壡
ҡҡͷЦе˵ûô򵥵ãǵ۹ǱҲһ̯ӣڻ֪Ǳʲôϵǰɣ


600 ͣ
˽̸һӣְһЩ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ûżȥǵǵ۹϶սȥһЩ߼ƷЩǵ۹϶ܹõġɢɢ׼˼ָĶòˣص³С
磬Ҫʲôʱܻߵ̫ԶĻҿ޷֪Ĵˣϵ¾ͻ鷳ĶࡣЩ˵Ҫˣͼįˡ
һЦļ˵С죬ʵҲûʲô飬ҪȶĶѣû¶ооԼʵɣ
صͷ֪Լôʧá
ˣˡͷ˷ʱˡ
һֱ̣ӳ³ǳ¿ٳ֮УһûڵңֱС͵Ĵһ룬һ
֮УһӴָóһЩϣʼԶ̵Ĵ
ǳеĵҲһֻҪ߹һԶ̴꣬ʣµ޷ǾǶ˷һЩʯˡ
ڴȱЩ˵ʯǸʯͷǣ
ķ˴ԼһʱڽԽ۹Ĵˡ
һѶͷϵĺˮЦ˵ʲôĶɰŶûж֣ͱɬ˲١
վ˴Уͳ㹻ʯ˴
ˡ
⻪˸ѣһ˷ſռ䴫ʱȻЩ˵࣬СҲⰡܶתһһ㡣
һεĿռ䴫Уһջһ߸ſռķܹоռ֮УĳĹɣȥ̽ȥ顣
ԼĪһĹӰǵĵС
ãڻһЦؼҵĸоȷʵǺõĺܰ
Ҳżȥʶչǵɨһ
ǵķչǲģнԼʿܺãԤҪá˵ؾķչͦãûܵʲô޴ʧ
˳ƾյسǵϿС
ϵЦԽԽǿˣԥͷųԼϢǿԵϢΪ֮һ١
ɽţǵľǷ˲ۼһĸֽΧסˡ
һڸֶǰɢŽɫ⻪˿Щ죬ֻڹ⻪ڵ֮¸Ϳģˡ
Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳һڽ춼Χţȴѩĵ
ʱѩӳǽλüõڿлһ⣬ʮֶˡ
ɾʱһӰӳг
ովӣӰǴһдЩۣߺˣٱҴģ
ֻؼҵĿָо֮Уոտʼһ·ļŨʱȴǱ˴ˡ
ʰ˼ĿתǸӰ
һ꣬ԼĪ߰꣬һͷɫĳһſεӣһӣмӢ۵ζ
Ŀһ㣬漴ʵ˭ҴأôһСӳѵͲ𣿡
һΧĽǾˣ׷׵ɴ۾ʵ̫Ϥ˰
м˵ϸǳϲã޲ðԼӹȥúõؿһǲ
ߣĸ˵ˣҪһ¸ңҪǵ񣡡һΪЩ۵дһӼᶨ
һЦʵ㸸˭ң˵һʶ
ʱΧѾȷݣţ
ע⵽Χһ˫۾ضһԵ˵ߣ˵㣡ҵĸ׽Ҳؽô˰ɣ
ˣ
ĳĬˣЦѾ˼΢΢ţһ˫۾ضꡣ
ʱѩѾӽˣֱԣ껤ԡ

ģЦˣЦʮֿġ
ϵĹ⻪ʼһ۵˵С
ؽؽ
ҵ찡ؽ˰ؽˣ
ؽ꣡ؾ޵У
ؽ꣡ؾ޵У
ؽ꣡ؾ޵У

С󣬽ؽǶˣǿʼķɵУǸɢ⵭ɫ⻪Ӱ
ڣСΧĺȫеļȡ
ǷˣеźڳеϿγһ˶֣ݣƥ
ãڽʿˣˣ
һЦغһ˫Ŀ񣬽˵λ࣬һлָɣ
ǣؽ
˷׷Ӧ£˼Ҫ֮⣬˷׷׵ظæȥˡ
˶ţؽˣȻĻˣ
ϣǵ۹ϣˣ
ʱĿɨڳÿһˡգĿ䵽ϡ
㡭ʲôһˮǳ˴İ⡣
⣬ĺӰ
ز˼飬ŴȻûд֮лعζû뵽˾Լݵĸװ
ѩᣬһεεĻգؿ
ôãڵȵĹӵĸףˣ
Щ˵Լʲôом𾪣в⣬˷ܡ
ѩһ꣬˵˵ĸףؽ
껺̧ͷĿѯʵؿѩڵõȷ֮󣬿˵ףػͣԻ͵Ļͣĸ˵һΪǵ۹ϣǵ۹ĻԻͣ
ػͣããְ˷ޱȵ˵һ˫Ѿ֪ʲôطˡ
Ͷȥɣȥ˼ҹĸװɣѩˮٴ˳еϲѾ֪˵ˡ
ػصͷٵǸЩнĸס
ſ˫ۣӲؽػͱ˻΢΢䶪ԼĲϱš
ͶľϲһЦѾѩԡ
סѩػͣһڵӰ䵽˳С
һԲĳڿŵЩ㿴ңҿ㶼֪Լòøȥˡ
ˣˣǻһھ۾۰ɣ
˵ĶԣǺüûмˣû뵽ȥôꡣ
ͺãͺð
ӿɺˣؾķչһ¥˰

ڽһһ׷׽䵽˳Ժȥ´صȴĵ
ʱػͣϸضţ˵ػͣǸְѩȡ𣿡
ǵķѩ֪˿϶˵ĺܣ㱾ǵ۹ϣҾ͡ѩ죬ʲôݣվԼ˰


601 
ػͣʹŹͻԻͣеԢǳãϲġ
ߣػͨػʣǵϵʼżϵ
ǳ⣬֪ԼʼͣŸҪȥһػͣԺͺðŶˡ
ѩһʱˡЦݵؿѩûмѩԽԽζˡ
ѩǳǳһЦŵضҸȴû˵
ػͺٺһЦ˵ףͶѾŻôȥ˰
ͶżǾ̫鰡Ժʱˣ˵ɡһЦ˭ܹ뵽Լȥ˼֮󣬻ͶһСӣܲ
ˣףͶڵʵҲǿˣػͽͦţһȴͿ޵ı顣
һƣɲôţСһﾹȻ˶̶̵ʱ͵ڳڣҪٸһʱ䣬˭֪ܹʲô̶Ȱ
ڳڣͶĸ׿Ǹι˲ٵҩɣüͷ΢΢һأõҩΪֶοɲʲô¶ڻԻޱȣʱһˣǾ͵ùˡ
ѩһ۰ؿػͣȴڸģѩĴһʼʱͶ岻Ǻܺãʱûа취ֻܹõҩָˡ˭û뵽һﾹȻԵҩ񫣬ҷֵʱѾˡ
ߺߣĸɲҪ˵Ͷǳ˲ٵҩЩҩԻͶûжأҪȻͶҲôġػͲ˵˲ٵҩһЩġ
ػ͵Щ⣬ȥĵҩûЧػΪǵҩûãźǴ칬һ˸񫡣
ʱǰѩŻˣɾôһ簡ҪиΣǻ˵ã
ѩ˴ĸæÿһ˶˵ػ͵ûκΣգΪǳ⡣
⣿ô൤ҩû¶ûʲôĸо𣿡ǲʵɲһܹе
ػ͵ͷ˵ף˸ңΪؽĶӣҲŻôҲŻ񣡡
ãðʱˣڲžԼǲͬˡ
ԼһˣжŮˣվǸˣһ˸ףָо͸ıˡ
һԼеˣϵĵӾͶ˼֣µʱ͵ö࿼һɲܺǰƾƢΪˡ
жٻЩǵأץסػ͵С첲˵Ͷø׸㿴ɣ㲻ҪҶ
ţ׿ɣ㿴˾ͻ֪ǶôˣػЦ˵ͯģǸڵĸְ
ССͣȻѾڳڵΪⲻ֪ҪĽʺأ
ʶ뵽ػ͵ߣػ֪ܿ˴𰸡
ȻҺõĶࣿǺҡͷüһػѹֻôأ˼ҵԳƵǼƷ
ȻƷҲ˵ģػҵĹǻҲǸƷһػĻǡ
һѹסļԼ͹ţƵˣٶȼ죬ڿվҪˡ
˼ػ͵ȫǽ̿鼶ģ
ֻҪػټָò˼ʱ䣬ΪܹȥԨ۹֮ǰʱˣ
Ȯӣ
ˬʵЦ
ãã̫ˣͶ벻ú͸һǿ󣿡Цݵؿػͣ·ǿһƬδ
ػصصͷڵأ˵ϣܻͶһݣͶԸŬѧϰȡճˣΪĸ˾һͶԸ⿴ǵļ԰սҷ׷ףͶԸ⿴ĸ׺͸Ϊ˲ͲѣͶҪ쳤Ϊ׷ֵΪҳ
¡
͵һ˼ؿѩƺѯţЩǲ˵ģ
ѩ΢΢ҡͷ˵ͶĽר˸ģͶһֱǳػ£֪Ϊ롣һ㣬ġ
صصͷվӣػͷ
һĿۣҲ˸ı䡣
ػͣΪĶӣѾһСӣҪŬֻǿʵܹҪˣܹΪҵĸ˺ͷǿ
ǣػػͼסˣػ˫ֱȭȻѧЩģôһ⡣
ͷϵЦؼ˵ػͣڽĴ㣬ԺҪϰúõƿԼľҪѧƣ𣿡
ػӦȻ˼ԼһģΪǰǸףԼݵĸף
ãػͣػͻ˻֣Լǰ
ʶ֮иһݹڴӿʼڳɾ͵Ϣ˿ʼһԭⲻķŵػ͵ʶ֮⣬ʣݶԴֶηӡסˡ
ӡֻػܹ򿪣ػҪҪʵϵʱзӡһһԼ⿪ӡ
ⴴؼҵĲ֮أߵǲɸ߱ˣ𣿡ĺܣ¹ؽҪ顣
ػ͵ͷޱȵ˵׷ģͶף
ã׾ͺãѩԺ󵱻ͶʱҪһط⣬Ҫúõעһ¡˵ֶѩ˵ҲϷҪЩҪе㵣ػͻƲס
⵽ôҪϾǸ߰ĺӣ뷨Ҳûа취ʵʩʵҲİˡ
Ƿѩסˡѩɵ˵Ǹ뼯žĽģ
һУŵӽ滺Ц³֡
ˣҪôˣǾ͵ûзװɡȥɣҪ뽫ǺúõľһۡЦǺǵ˵½ػͱ˻С
ػѾˣѾСȴǲȻǱһСһı
ԼǷȱػ͵̫̫ˣҪŲ㳤ʱֲһЩ
ģʲôƵģӴзһ֮óһЩ
ͶһףҪţֻҪ㲻ñ˿ԴͲҪ̫¡óһףãȻ˵ûʲô⣬һֱ㴫һĸоػ͵۾
ػʹϲϣЦе˵ллף
˵꣬ܵǰһһڡ
һ£ʱˣӢϻһΡ
úӣúӣ߸ףϲʲôı˵غܣҪ޶ȵı֤Լİȫǽػʹһ޷Ƶķݡ


602 չ

ػ͹һЦ˷ܡ
ףϲϲ󽣣ػ˼һ֮󿪿˵һֱ˵ʹõһѴ󵶣ȴϲ󵶣ô󽣸һЩ
ΪʲôأЦеʵΪԼĶӣػͳڵȴǴ󽣣ЩԾġ
ػ͵ͷ°˵ףͶԼûи׵İԵһǰ޷ᵽ֮еζǶڽͶȴԼĶ⣬һŴĸװɡ
Ȼ֪ԼĶӲȫԼһĸ׶һҲǺ¶
ãûʲôýԺһңţĿǰΪ̫ҲǸ鷳ͷ˵׻˵ĺöҪԺɲõԸ
˭룬ػ;Ȼʮĵͷ˵ףȻͶҪʱٸҰɣͶҪԼ˫ȭһƬɾͣ
ãܺãͶԣЦţ˵ˬ졣
һԸոհ׼ѩʱˣػ͵ߣ˵Ͷ׸ոջҪԼȥɡ
ػ͹ɵصͷ˵ףͶȥˡ
ͷػ뿪ˣĿתѩϣЦ˵ˣ˰Ҳû뵽һ߾ꡣ
ʱ̫죬һգ۾꣬ҺǶϣҪȻѩһ˿˿ɬӻ̥߶û飬Ȼ˵֮ܺãϾϵһȱʧˡ
ֽѩڻУذοţ֪ʲô
һѩƿһ˵Ѿȴãǻȥ°ɣҲҪ˽һЩķչ
ͷڵȷǶŮ鳤ʱ򰡡
ѩһŻĵȴһ˵ȣЦݲá
ֵǣһˣһЦڱ֡
ǵģȺ˵Լ£֣ꡣ
У
ڰλ˰
ԽԽˣ

ߺ˰Σӻ֣Ǹ˵˵ʵҲû뵽һλ뿪ôáԨ۹˺ܳʱ䡣
һ䣬ŲӾ͵˵ĽǣЦЦ˵Ԩ۹߱ؾͬչĺܺãԨ۹仨ˮ
һʱ䣬Ⱥ鼤Ǿ֪ţ
ʱ䣬һ˾Ԩ۹ĵϱһֻؾʵԲһܹİ
㽫Ԩ۹ؾ˵һ
ֽӰ˳˵沥ſ
һĶǵսۣһޱȵĸ߼ģ˵۾ԽԽˡ
ǱƣΪʲôƾԼһˣڼƵūܹڱǿԨ۹һ
ڣˡ
һΣһǴĹƽΪսԨ۹ǿһ˵
һֱūΪԴĻǲʵģΪԨ۹Щ˻뷽跨ĽūȫߣֱնɱıԴһû˺չؾվһߵͷġ
ʱڻôʱһˣǲ鷳ס
ˣԨ۹Ǳߵ鲻ǵģò˶ʱ䣬ҾͻȥԨ۹һȦǧƵ˵Ǽ˵İ·Ԩ۹Լĺ԰۾
ڽ׷״ЦҲ֪ôһĻǾԲȥġ
ҪȥԵأҪԨ۹۹ǵѣ»ǣ
Ŀɨһܣʵڽڻرž
һӣ˷׷վųվǰ¡
ɫ࣬˫۽ض±ߵļˡ
ѩǰһʩһ񣬳˵潫뼯žķչѾ˶ʮʿװսˣؾ
ͷ趨뼯žʱ򣬿ǵľҪǿս쵼УԺᷢʲôҡڵĵطȻҲҪõķ
ɳƽŷĲӣ˵潫ɳƽžʿѾﵽʮʮūͰǸˮ۹εص֮⣡
žķչȷܿ죬Ҫ֪ؾֻвʮӣʮʮūڵһžȳɾͣò̾
ɳƽǸģ۹һЦ߰ͷ­˵潫۱žѾʿʮūʮֻǽһֱ뱱ӵľӶѣȽϴ󣬵Ǳžսǿ󣡡
˵꣬۵ɨһˣǼƷ·ҫҾôţơ
ͷһֱؾԸټӵѾͶ˱ӣҪǲڵ¶ǾԲܵġ
ǰһ˵潫ϲžʿʮūʮϷΣգ
ϷһֱǱȽϰģֻ֪Ҳڻֻ񻹲ʱˡ
ԼһЦ˵潫Ҷ񶫷žʿʮūʮ򣡡
ˣ
Ťͷһϵı֪ˣһǲмڶ˵ֻʿܹ֪Ϣˡ
ǺһЦͷ˵λĺܺã¬أ
¬һЦһװ粽ǰ˵潫¬˼žŮ򣬸ʵԲбģ
ŶģЩԾˣ˼žֻǵһ뷨û뵽ѾаŮˡ
¬ƭŮǾսϴģ¬ɫ˵˼žı٣ȴԺĴڡ
ͷܺá
Ŀ䵽ƴϵϣ鱨ϢһֱǷǳصġΪõϢܹͨսƽкԼߡ
潫ƴϲѾ鱨Ϣ鲼ȫΧ֮ҲзֲֻȽ٣ڷչ֮Сƴǰ˵ɫأԼĻá
ȴǾò̾ãŬɣ鱨ϢʮҪĴڣܹ鱨ãҵδǵСԺҪӴȣؾص鱨ġ
ƴһص֣Ц绨ˡ
ƽҪҪһЩʽ𣬶ô˳ϾؾڻǮֵܸ֧Ҳǹࡣ
⼸󲿷ֵ˵Ǻġ
Ҳ˵ѡ˲ŵʱ򣬲ûдʲôЩȷλϣȷ飬ȷҵ
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ؾѾΪǵ۹ϵδҲ˻һˡ
һ֪ԼͷϷˡ
ϵٴӣʵڣ˵˵ǵ۹ɣĴôˣ
⻰һ


603 Ҳ
ô䳡ˣ
üͷһ壬Ҫǵ֪Ļǹεˡ
ĿͣѩϣʵҪӱԶõİ취
ѩͷһü΢΢ţ˵ǵ۹ѾǻҲˣȷߵʱҪࡣ
Ҫˣôܣ
ʵ⣬֮ǰѾӴɲзˣ뵽˱ӵ֮УҲ൱ñ׳һˡ
ʣӣ˴֮ʵӦûЩʧΪؾĳ֣֮϶ǲȥսؾ֮
ѵѡȥʰؾֻҪؾɵˣȻڻӵģ۹Ȼ䡣
ĺúõģ˵Ӳû֣ô⾿أ
һ˲䣬Ժ߾ôͷһ⡣
֮˵ڵǵ۹ӻңΪкܶСͬһð˳ǵʵǿԣҪʰÿһĻԸһʧٵľӣûκεĶҲûʲôһǵ۹ϣĻ־ͳЩ΢ı䶯ѩһһʮ˵Щֵ̫ͻȻˣ˭ûз֡
ڸճֵһʱǵʵǿЩûнǷУɵϢʱŷ֣ЩֻǿȽСˣǵʵȴǺǿ
ȻعҪձʱѾˡ
˭Ըеʧõİ취Ƿ˲ܣȥ
ϧɳȥ˲̽Ϣʱ붯Ѿˡѩɬ˵Ҳǲֵֶ֧֮һȻǺڲѡ
ɺûκεãܹľǿƺԼΧҪ֮˵óѡ
ͷԼ˵ʲôǿ˵ЩСʵܺȻðɣ
ǵģǵĳԤıģѩرϬЩĳޡ
ʶԼĲӣѩ΢΢ϢһŽ˵ЩСıһֻֻĺڲţӵı󣬶֧š
Ĺ𣿡üͷһš뵽ܵһֿԡ
ĹҶǵ۹˶ĹѾܳʱˣǵ۹شﲩ˭Ҫһԣֻǰǵ۹̫ǿûͰˡ
ڲͬˣڶĻ֮УĹѾ˻ᡣ
ǵ۹ѾǵǿޱȵľްˣֻҪеʵ˭һͷ˯ľ˺һһƬۣƷζѪ
һϬ絶ʵЩСǿ⣬Ҳ۹ѵǲ֪۹Ұ𣿡
ˣԼЦˡ
⻰˵ľǸϻΣΪĳ֣Ϊؾչ˭ܹĳڵؾͷֻͣҪ³֣ǾͿԴؾһɳ죡
ȡǵ۹Ļ֮λҲôѵģ
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˼Ҿ˺ս񱩵ĳؾչıԱȵĻûжôĻᡣ
Ǻǿ󣬿ǿҲһ޵ġһͻƣǶؾ˵˺
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ѩ֧֧˵У壡ֻǱǾܾˣǴŵľǸĿںţһĲԼǶ˵Ǹĩգ
ͬĵͷһϣѩûд˵ѩӦԼĻ֪֮󣬻ڵһʱ佫ͬĽȫ滻
ΪѾʧȥ꣬ʧȥؾĻǣ
ЩҪ尡޸п˵еʹһ
Լ󣬻˵ܹõ̫СˡҪǵвһ̫ˣǶ˵Ѱ
ˣʹǼǰаɣѩ¶Ͽҵ˵ϾһŮ˰ҪǶʱڵִƴȨҲͰˣϾĽ
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ѩҪչźӣҪ˼ؾķչԼǵ۹ȶ
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ؾû˭ڿսؾ״̬һֻȺΧס˵ϻ˭Ҫںʵʱϻҧһڣֻǲ֪˭ᵱһ¿ڵĶǡ
һʱ䣬뱱ӵĹϵеţǾǲһЩСʿǵı߹سСֻĽŶѣĲûκвѩͷ˵ЩһֱڹעţȻʮ׵ġ
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ʣҪľ޶ȵı֤߹سеİȫֻҪЩ߹سû⣬ᱻƣǾͺðˡ
ǰһڽ죬һüͷչ˿˵λǶ֪ٵʲô⣬ǵؾսôˣǲǻƤ
ɳƽǰһ˵ؾԲǰˣƤѾĴڣǵɱﵣǵƣ
ͷΪ˵ðһһҲ˲ٵĺöȻͷź˸ǿһ׼ǻϲġ
һ⻰ͼóһսƤѾؾս˲࣬Ϊս޲ʤĴڡ߾ȻûиõĶǾԲôʧģ
ҪżҪżǵ۹ȻΣգˣҾͻŴҰıؾһӢǰ޵аһȭͷڰУɢһӾ˵İ
ֻԾڰ˵ˣҪôţҺúõĿһ£գǱҪʼµˣ
˶ʱͻԾ׷׿˵һЩʺĻ
ɾʱüͷһ壬ĿԽˣ˴ŵķ


604 ʮ

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˵Ӱʱɵһͻؾʿͨװϸ΢Ĳ֪ؾ
Ҫţ֪ûرش飬ǵ۹ؾǲ𼱻ǸϹ㱨ġ
һ㶣ʱ򻹲֪˭ҲûдϢ˼һ㱨²ãΣ
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ʲôҪսе̫˰ɣ
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ŭɫȻôͣΪʲôϵѵͨѶĶǰô
޳ˣؽΪǣ˵ɷѿİ׼ʱǳϰټܴεĴͷרŶǵĴʹ󣬻ͨѶлԴʵ̫ˣ°ʮܣǵдˡ
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ʰ׵һȣеĶһǡ

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ϰټܵĴͷǵϿգǽе̺ʽĿըΧĳǽѾǧٿףкüѾըĴӡ
⣬ĲӼ⻹ֻǵ˵ͷӣԶĴ󲿶Ӽأ飬һߡ
ѾһſֻŴͷϣ򿪸ĿӣͿԳˡ
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һؾʿˣûлص壬ǰ˼ؽڿƴɱֵҲûСҰﲻҲҪΪͺȲʣؽ
ûʿ˵꣬һɨʿ˼𣬶ʱ
ʿĲûŵʣµؾʿʣµؾʿ׷壬ӶԼֱۣ
һĻ̫𺳣


605 Լս
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ЩûսԱҲܿЩֵȥԼҩȫóר˰Ա̧ŵ԰ȫĵط
źþеߴӦЩװЩɶǾĸ߼еһԾе죬㲻û˼Լˡ
ҲѪˣӽָаһЩó۲һµΣԭķվݵϣһӾת󷨡
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ѡһǧ˵ִ滨еĲӣЩԼڳǽôʣµˣ壬һڶĻߡ
һͼˣؽôܹðأǽҪܵڵĴҪʵбҪҴһǧȥں渺ָӡ
ЦĴļ˵޽ҿɲçײˡζҲϧģ˵ڻäƤӵ¡ǵڴˣȥɵЩڵġ


606 һ
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װǷǳеģһ۾Ϳ֧ӵķװһĸ߼ƷҪǰǰĶųһŹƶķǽôʮĽϣͨĸ߼еû취Чɱˡ
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ӣһǧʿܹ֮ôߵĶ־Ϊļһһʮġ
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һٿգ۾ܵǣΪ˰ЩֻͽǡǵľһͣǺüʮòôľ롣
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ѩѾ𳡵ؽãҲѡһЩѡ
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Ҫ쳣ϸġҪǳһС飬ĸ߼еװУǲǻˣһᵼս۵ʧܵġ
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ͨԣЩ˶С׵ˮƽһĨڣʲô֪
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֪ʶѼһЩҧأǲԲ˯ҲҪ


610 ķ
ӲĶģʱΪĶ̫࣬õʵУһʱ벻
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ѵʱ˵ġΪô򵥵ĶҪظϰٱǧϰⷽ棬Ǳֳ㹻ġ
ȡ˶ĳɾͣôţʦǴ׶ζȹģҲ׶δʵĻġ
Ϊʲô˵ǺǮ׶εѵȥǮ֡
߼Ʒ֮ϡȱóһ־ۣΪһ߼Ʒƹ̣ʧܡʧܾͻᵼƲƷһЩϡȱϱϣԲŻֵǮ
ϱϵԭ򣬾ΪƹУΪڲϵƹгֵ¶ȼƲλµġ
ƹпƲϵĳǿ;ʦˮƽֿһҪʦ˵֣ڲϱ仯г̶ȣһ棬ǲʧܵľۣҲǲѵøֲơ
ԽϡȱĹصģԼԦĲϣԽҪѵһ֮٣ҪǲǿⷽѵƸ߼Ʒʱ˲ǾͲǮˣпΪӵĹյ±ը
һµѵûоʲôѩеܲˡȻѩ֧һй⼸ʦʹõĲϣ㹻ǰöˡ
ѩ̽һĿڷ磬ЦʲôǸոտʼԺöҪĿǰҪʮ
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ߴңڴҵˮƽһЩͶ˵ĸ߼ƷǣҪƸ߼ƷɲǾʧܾܹ㹻ľġеʱпɥ
ڣһѡѡ죬ǾʹֹסĻΣǾԵģʹֹסĻҲԴһЩ߼ƷĵͶ졣
Ӽͬ˵Ҫ졣
ΪЩѾ̫̫ˡϧԲ𸶳ĺˮοԼؾûʲôֵϧˡ
ͷͳһͼֽߴңǸڵڣҲڵ衣ֻҪܰڵƳߵȼС
½ϣЦˡ
˷쳣ؽӹͼֽ
ɿ˲䷽͹̣ȫɵˡ˵ĳ̶ȣǳ˼ġңڼӹĹУҪĲͶţƿأвٿʱ䣬һ˿̵ĵز
һۣӶԷ￴Ϣô
˰۾תЦһƺһиԼ޹һ
ֻðעеͼֽϣȻؽָǾԼоһ˵ɡ
˴ԭʼ˼ҵۣڵ֮ԻôΪֶΣ˵Ĳͨĳֶʹ֮ﵽһƽ⣬Ӷܹһڴڣһ˲ϼƽ⣬ϻΪ˶ұը
ˣڲϵİʹϣûκġ
ʵƹʹø˲ϴﵽƽֶΡȻ˸ֲϵƲ裬ʵʲУȴҪԼյġ
ƲĺƿϣģĳЩ۲£ȡͶƱķʽȷ
Ͷ뵽ƹ̣˿ûע⣬֪ѾȥˡУһͣߣϸۡ
һЩûָϣԼܹҳ⡣
ڣһĿʵʲķóˡ˰ѷ˵ʣܹܲơ
ҡҡͷôһʱ⡣
һɵˣΪܿǵķһʧû뵽ؽȻһӾ͸ˡ
ƣֿʼָ֤һۣ˾һ亹ŸֲϵĴУֲ˵⣬Щǽʱ޿ԣµġ
ڵƣЩǱҪɺϽдġȻƵĹоͻᷢǿҵıըҪǰ˵ĵһƼƻѾʬ޴ˡ
ǣ˴ͷʼϸֽ⣬һѹϸڵʱȫȥ־ʱ䣬óһƵĿɲ
һأôˣǣȥúϢ죬֮ƿˡ
Ҵһ˿ʣȥϢ졣
ٴμʱޱص̬ȣһӽ
һһ˽Ƶʱ򣬱Ա߹۲졣
һϳˣԵгۺķѾȫӡԺֻҪͰܹ࣬˳ɡ
ֲȫã˿ʼڵ衣
ʼʱһж˳ǣڼʼȶһֲϵʱ򣬺ȻƷһ𶯣Ҫըǰ࣡
һӻˣæҪֹΣķǣƷһâһһۣˣǿ϶Ҫըˡ
ڴʱһ粽ǰһ֣ͰѷĿâİƷУͼָŷĿĹ⻪һһ֣һѷϴɢ䡣
һſˡ˺һޱ˵
е˶Ŀɿڴ
˵ؽ䣬ؽɿкһؽôҲ۲Ÿϵһ
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Ҫؽڳ˵ˣ𳡣ҲҪΪƽذ


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ʲôֻҪԤķУڳ±㹻侲ûʲô˵ġ
İο˲Ժһ㣬ֲϰ˳ֵλðںãʼơ
Ȼڲϳ쳣ʱƲסˡٴγ֣Σ
νƣûһܹƵġ
ؽûпЦȷʵĸ߼ƷҪðΣյġҪΪؽƿȫ֣Ѿˡ
ûκεֵ˼ЩˣؾţּͬΣյĲƷһֱûг˵ش¹ʡⲻ˵˼ҵļжţǾµĻ۲Ż뻯һĿַ
ڣȱĲ֪ʶҲ㣬Ҫľ⡣ʵ۵ϸڣǽӽġΨһûпǵģƹгֵϷļҷӦ
ΪʦҪּҷӦƽ⵽һ𣬶ﵽƷĿġ
ָ˲Ϊ⣬ǶԲֵ̳Ϊû׼ֵ⡣
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Ĺ£ЩԱٴνƣȻǳ飬ҪŽ⣬ԵģԱѾܹԳֵΣӦǿʼʱ޴ˡ
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ڣ˶ܹƳʮָӵڵˡϲˮǣʵ̫ˡ
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ǲһսҪԭΪǳ֮䴫ͲӵƱƻµġˣɳƽеؾƵĳǳеĴʹһ顣
ܹӹ̵ļӹ̣ǿĽ衣ģȫ⽨ɷϴĴǵ۹ڣؾ֮䣬ʵִģıͻơ
ͷİţҲҪĽΪ֤һ£һӸʹһʹ
ڽо⡣
ҲɳƽĽ裬һ󵨵ļ롣
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˰죬ɳƽŸָһЩ⡣
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ܹ⣬ô˴˲ͷţĲδܹܵ޴У˳Ĵͣе˻ô¶Ǹδ֪
ɳƽ⣬Ҳò¿һ뷨ĿɲԡȥҪ
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ǣģǷǳ֮ˡ
ٴᴿʯͿɱΪʯ̶̳Ѿ˷ָˡͨĻնʹ򣬶ܸıʯĹ졣
ҪһʯǿȣҪϡֲƳѣǹ̼ΪѿƣΪʯڻʱֻôһŵʱʦϡôһĿʱ䣬ͿԿǾʦǶ֡
˵ɾ͸ɣɽʯ͵ãЩ˿óˣ˰ɽɽʯһˮ״Сʯ
ʯҪٴᴿᴿγɵʯС
ĹֻˡҪȥңҪһγͣȻеĹҪͷһΡ
ҲǵһĲϣһ춼ûбۣڰʯͨջˡϣаŪɳת״һգ۵ʱ䡣
һ˲䣬Լеľ
һ˲ĸ㲣·һӲһ㡣
Ϣһ²ŻָøƷʯһ£ܹܵƷʯ޴ĳ
ĲˣĹɲͺ˵ˣֻҪϱѰĴʹ̵ĲϾˡ
ܿ죬һģһСͳаСĳʹ󹹽ˡֻҪŪ꣬Ϳʵֹ֮Ĵʴ͡
Ҳͷ۵ĶҪĴĸƷʯԽԶԽκһ˵Ǹͷ۵ľ޶ѡ
⣬иãǾΪ͵ľ̫ңԶеԱʵص˲䴫ͺ󣬻Ĳʡ
ȽϳŻ£岻ʣЩʱ޷ġ
߽ˣص³ǣ³Ҳһ󡣽֮ͨ꣬Ǻ³絽һ
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ҶǵĲһսԼļ⣬ɳƽΪ뵽ǵؽУд
ȥָսҲãսҲãǰսģʽֽеġһĳǿˣ˵ܱ˴һͿ
ԣǿǳװ֮װıڱԱûеõչµð취
ɳƽĻ˸߼죬ڽ׷ױʾһúѧϰͨʹʵֱս
ĺͺ쵽Լι棬ĺͺ룬˵³Ǳ߻顣
ĺͺΧһ£ӰһЩǵ۹ķ羰ǲˡ
ڻ³֮ЩӰϣͱزģԨ۹˽ǵ۹Ǳߵķ顣


612 
һգ鱨ƴѰ˵ҪҪ档
ڵİºԱ;Ȳ裬ֱӻӻƴ㱨ͺá
ƴɨһΧûзʲôóֵ֮ſѹ˵˻رӿܻĲݹӦؾս
Ų豭΢΢һ٣͵ߣѺһڣͷ˵˵˵
ƴϳһ̣õϢһ֮һһʮ˵˵õϢǲ붫ӺлӽӴ˵ݴ󲿷ǹؾġԸؾ
û˵ҪԼĵ̣üͷһһڽ豭еĲˮҰһ
ûУƺѾ˶뷨ҲûжôʵػסƬءڶӺϻӣӵƺȤƴϳ˵ŵüͷǵǡ
һЦֻ˻Σ˵ƴϰºһ裬ȶʱҪеˡ
ƴһԼе㲻ͷԵµһˮһںȵ
㿴ܼ꣬ôζĲҶȻƷһ¶ûоֱӽ뵽ߣʵѾ˷ˡо̣ʵǺܴ֮£ľһԣȵľ˭ԣȵľ˭ļıʤһ˵һĶˣľ𣿡˵ͬһţҶݺãǸ˸Եһ
ͷϵƽ滺˿ƴһ³ϼıѾɢ˲١
ƴһЦε˵ѵǣ
˭룬Ȼҡҡͷ˵Ҳڽѵ㣬θõΪһ쵼ߡĹ࣬鱨ϢһֱǾжһʼжĴڣ쵼Ķˣսڿʼ֮ǰѾһ롣𣿡
ƴϵһݣ漴صصͷ˵лĩˣ
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ƴϱ˵һͨķԼʲôطˣٴοʼȲʱ򣬶ʱһ嵭ζ֣嶼
ζĻıأллؽͽ̣ƴϲ˵֪һ顣
ڰ֣˵ϣκ֮жеֻҪһڷֵģ
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һһãؾΣˡ
úѩҪ춼˴֮С
ƴϵõϢҲ֪˰ɣӼȻ뷨Ǿ͵úúõ׼һ£ǲҪϡɫ˵˵Ҳôġ
ΪҪϣɲǱϵ֮ϣӱĺ֮Ľ
ķ޷ﵽʵıĻû˻ô׳յȥԩͷġ
ѩͷΪĵ˵ҿΪǿǵ˻ûдɣһһ˴򵹣
Ϊǿ
⵹뷨ıϣѩһۣ˵˵ûдҪľǳӶûзӦʱȳ֣Էһֲ
ؾֻҪѡһֳ֣սʼʱ򣬾ͻõȫעӾԲôɵؾͳֵá
˭öֵıĵһأʧһ㣬ǾʹŽ֮Уѹһ㣬ʤһ㰡
Ҿǵʿһ򱱻ҲǸѡ񡣡ɳƽռüͷ΢΢ţƺ˼
üͷһͷ˵ɳ˵ͺã֪ôǵġ
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˶٣ɳƽ۾Ķŭһ˵ұžһֱѹŴΪΪľֻƽȣ̫ĵչǵ˲Ҫ鷳ԣôʿĶ߶һӻġǸͷŭĺûᰡ
˵ɳ˵ûдҲܵλ֪Ǻˮ۹ʲô֧űӵĻְǽкܴʧġ
˳ĬˣڿʵôˣΪؾҪƺĽĻò˶ʱܹӵľӴܣֱܹǡ
ʣµ鷳ˣڴս֮޷ڶʱڲ͵ؾԴĿշ׻ᱻ˼ٰѵȥᱻ
Ǻˮ۹Ҫ˵вܹľӣĻȥˣˮ۹Ҳȥ˵ĻǶؾ˵ѡ
˼ǲ򣿡ɳƽüͷҪšˣʵǲΪλ˵ôһ仰
һЦҡҡͷĿᶨޱȵ˵Ҫ򣬶Ҫݺݵش򣡡
ӣ˶ˣʲô˼һһҪ˵򡭡
ѩʱȴЦˣƾ⣬Ѿ²϶뷨ˡ
ץ˵ɣˡѩЦ⣬һ˫۾죬˵
ЩؿѩһۣѩŮˣϸĺܰ
ðɣǲѾ˳Ԩ۹ǱĿǰȽϰȣһֱǿԵġ鵭Ȼ˵Ǻˮ۹ϲˮûⰡ
ؾ֮ǰѾ²˲ٵĺˮ۹ʿЩūһֱûôʹõÿ컹ҪѴǮƣõҲǸѡ
˵ɳƽһĴȣ˵ӢôͰأ֮ǰ˵Ҫñ֮ĵھȻûˡ
ЦǺǵ˵ҲǣϾҲһ򵥵顣Ԩ۹ǱܹĴ󲿷Ƿ²ľӣúˮˮ֮ʹɣ
ˮ֮ս
˲䣬˵۾ˣǶǰ˴Ĵָ
̫ţ˰Ǻˮ۹NɪǰɣҾǵʿǴ򣬿ǵܲµ֣
Ѿ²˵ʿΪ˻ܹĽƴָߵɱκεˣŲܹ㵽ǲԼء
ǰûмܹݵȥġ
֪ܹūӹӣɳƽһƣ˸ϵļ㡣
һĹؼɵø߿ɳƽһۡûоɳƽôֻǾĳɳռ䲻
ڿǶԵģʱɳƽѾɳһµĸ߶ˡ
ֻǣ֪ɳƽܴܲﵽĺ͵ĸ߶أ


613 ǲ
Ԩ۹֮еؾԴǲ٣кܶ඼±ܹϱȴǲࡣ
˼һ£صؿ˵ūӦò٣ҾʮӦû⡣ԣ˿ԡٶ˵ĻͻǱߵȽϽˡȻԵ±Щ±ֻҪ΢ѵһ¾ܹӳսˡ
⻰һ˶ˡǱܹԨ۹Ǳߵʮ˾Ͳˣھʮ򰡣
ǶʮʿսжȲȥۣʮʿһվϾѾʮֲˡ
ʮʿѾԵֵһžˡ
ûпЦԨ۹Ǳ߲Σ𣿡ѩ΢ĵ˵Ϊǵ۹ҪԶԵؾԨ۹ĸ
ȻЦЦƵ˵İɣЩʿ⣬Ǳÿ춼±Ԩ۹ȱıūЩūȳ˶ʱһ֧µľˡ
ԭˣ
찡ǵ۹Ҳвūģֻûа취ȥȰ
ãʵ̫˰൱ԴԴϵʿͣǸͲҪʲôԴˡ
ԣܹЧԨ۹ؾĻǲūȵŶȥĹҶ֣

׳ôһͷ˱ǿֵۡ
ǵģԨ۹ķչһ漣漣ȫڱĹ߸ơ
ǿֻʺɫ˿ûôǿôֶΡ
ˣλǲҪЩˣԺлĻһһʩչġڰֹסһȺҪ˵Ľŵļúܿģɲǿĵĳϡ
˷׷侲ֻŵ˷˿޷ε
λܹʿйţҪ֤еķ˳ŻҪһ֧Ԯ̫ѨޱȵļһЩҲġ
ѩһ£ٱ֤ص״̬£Ҫ֧Ԯɲ׵¶
κѩؿ˵֧ԮĻԳʮţӣūӵĻԳʮ֧ԮҪˣعʮԣ˾Ͳˡ
ʮʮūʮԮ
ֻǺܲġ
һͷ˵ԣڿʼ׼ʮʮūӰɡԨ۹ǱߵĶʮӵˣǾ֯ʮĴǱӳһѹζ
ˬһˬ
ڳĽ켸ҪˣһֱȽϵ͵ÿĶ񣬵ȴһĹһȥԵء
Ҫʵˣܲأ
ǰЩһһģ̲סЦˣǼʲôǵ۹ؾĽƻѩͷĺϵһ£ǱߵľӽƷһݣź«ưҲ齨һ⣬ƴ鱨ϢҲ齨һרŵĲţΪӰڸβȥĺϵ
ǵ۹ؾȷǲģܹԨ۹ؾģʽƹԺٽǽ޴Ч
ȻţԲһһڶǾԵĴڶ
ѵͼùӵˣҪʼѡĿˡ
ǵĿǱӲɾҪȥһУȴŲͬĽġǲ׼̣ع֮һεҪǲƯսǿɶԲؽˡ
ܿ죬ǵ۹ĵͼǰչһǵ۹İͼɱĵ۹ĹҪӴ󰡣ҪԨ۹Ĺ֮һ
ѹĹһ˷أӴĹ㹻׬ˡ
Ŀ⽥˻Ŀ䵽˱ӵĵϱߡ
ռűƫӴأؾĵ̲ֻҪӷḻһЩҲҪһЩ
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һΪųǣһģĳУǽͨսλúܺãȻбӵرصġ
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һųǵĻǾǹ
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˷׷˹ȥͷ۵ųǡ
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ǽܺ񣿶ô񣿻ʲôص㣬˵˵ɡͷ˵ų˽Խ࣬ڶֵʱԽܹһЩ
ɳƽһƴϣ˵ǵطûȥ˵ɡ
ƴʱǰһ仰Ҳ˵ֱӴӴָͳһ򣬵ݸ˵ǵ˶ų˽⵽ϢҾһܹȥųǣһֱ˵оġ
͵ĿһƴϣһȻЩ꣬Ҫʱ򣬻Ǻܿ׵ġ
ʶ뵽֮һƣųΪʲôôѸˡ
ųǣشɽɽ£ϱһƬƽԭƽ̹ĺܣʲôľӳֶڵһʱڱ̽鵽
ŴɽǱ˹ھǺӣԨ۹˳ǵĻǺ
ųǵĳǽĲϴɵģÿһ³ǽɺ񣬲õĲܹһĹϳ²ȥķ󷨣һعҪһιʹ͸򲻿ܵá
ڳǽҲһ£ĳǽ֮Űݶ߶ȵǽÿһǽԽԽߣƾŵƣһıһ㡣
ųؾʮӴʹܹһԴʿǧʵڶʱڵĿ֧Ԯ
⣬֮ǰڹǵʱߵʮб˵ʣ򱱻ʿʮˮʿפء
Ҳ˵ųǵľٻʮˣ
һǳµ֣ʮ˲ǣһУһͺǿĳУ
ЩüͷҲ
òϵǣųǵȷԹ£ֲܲؾķչվǻܵǣƵġ


614 ̽
ʮȷǹֲˣؾܹľʮ
ʮʮһǷ˵ųǣһս޲ʤؾ
⿴һעҪȻս
ȻԼѾõٴηսѪҺȼţƺҪھȥս
ЩϢһر۾
ûЩϢ֮ѰʲôõĵطΨһĿ˵ĵط˵ˮԴ
ųǵˮԴȽ⣬ҪӳĻǺ֣ôؾ˵ҪһĻõֶξ¶
һҪ¶ܵʧľͲųǵľӣųڵϰգЩ޹˰
üͷųǿȵ˳ǵʱҪѲء
λûʲô뷨ųվһУ濴ʮ϶ġ϶˵ҪһоԷĻϻϾûսˡ
ֻҪķѴĲдɾķͿˣûܹƣ
ѩҡҡͷ治֪ѿеĹͷôȥˡ
Ҳ׷׵Դȥûȥ˵ʲô
ģͷҲ֪ʲʲôˣ㿪˵ðɣȻǽ͵ɣȥһ˿˵
ʲôҪȥ
ڽһ⻰ͿʼⲻǿЦòװؽλˣôȥðء
ƴϸվ˳ȹأϿҵ˵ȥɣұǸ鱨Ϣûñְ
ǲе̫СأİɣϻûʲôطܹסģЦһˬʵ˶ܵš
ǰ˼Դӳֵʲôʱʧܹǳʤǲܵ񻰰
˻Ҫٶ˵ʲôڰ˵ˣǲҪ˵ʲôˣѩȥϵԨ۹Ǳߣ׼ʿɣˡ
˵꣬һΣʧ˴֮С
˭û뵽ˣߵеԽܡ
뿪ˣʣµѩ㶨

ʱ֮Ӱųǵ֮⡣
ǿʶɢԶԶر㿪ʼ̽ųǵ
ʱɫųûм߶ֻм¶Ӱӵڡ
ųǣӵש˵һ˫ڵ˸Ŵ۵ĹâƺҪųǸͨ͸ˡ
ȷųǵ㻯һɫӰӣƹССڰڣĵؿųǡ
ųŵƽԭʵӰҲ޷ɵعȥѡػضȥȥǻǺӵ˵
ú˻Ǻӱϣϸһƣüͷ⻤ǺӵˮȻǺɫģ
ɫģţжһ㶣̽һ£ֻǺеˮȷǲ˾綾
־綾ɫЦһ̶ֳȵĶҲܹȥû¶˿½ȥ͵군
΢΢ҡҡͷⱱΪ˱ԼĳУʲôֶζ˰
Ҳ˵ˣųǵˮԴ²ġ
ҿ˿һҧ뵽˻ǺС
ǺˮԼаɣɶɣӦǺӣΪľӦԴģսʱѡʬ񻤳Ǻӡ
̶ֳȵĻǺĻжʮͬʱȥҲܹԵ£
ǳ˳һûɫķγɡ
ˮ䣬о綾̫ˣѾ޷ֱ档΢΢ҡͷҪҸ취Щظк͵ڿвͨˡ
¾֪ıӵ£֪öٽҩܹ
ûżǰУһֱ³ֱ˺ӵ֮ŴΧ
ûиܵ󷨵ĲųǵؽԻǺӵĶʮİɣͲмȥʩչء
ǺӵĵײһڵĹͷ׺ͱ֪жߣԶ޷Ѷ˵Ĵڡ
սҪˣ˵Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôͻ뷨ΪѾռ۷ɡ
׻˵ĺãʵԽǿξԽء
̤Щʬźصǰȥһ
ǺʱȻ̧ͣͷϱߡ
һɫӰӴмĺӶζţͲΡ
üͷһšɵþ⻤ǺУѵʲôֶβɣ
ʶչȥ΢һ̽ˡ
üһЩӰӲǱģȻһˮΪĩ㡣
ĩһڶҺеĵͼޣǵʵǿҲֻж̶̵һʱ䡣
ǲʲôطûԸȥǣΪĩĶȴǼǿ
ĩÿʳ֮йĶǶҺǳԵʳﲻͬйĶҲͬһʮ־˵Ĵڡ
һζĩ㣬ֻһڵĳӣˮѾúڵĲٺˡֻĩ㣬˲
Ҳ˵ʱ䣬ĩóˮĶأ
ӵȷǹݵģȻ뵽ֶûǺӱ޷̤㡣ҺҽһˣҪȻ֪жʿɥڴˣһʵǾңҪȻ϶ڲѵġ
΢΢һǳЩĩ㣬ʩչֶνĩס֮ͳ˼ĿռƿӣֱӽǶ˽ȥ
ʶǺӱ鲼ĩһʣȫ
û˶ĩã⻤ǺӵĶûʱ䲻̵ؽͣǽͲ˶٣Ҳˡ
һٴʱ򣬷ԼҲ޷ֲֵֿޱȵĶˡ
Ŷ滹һǺӣȥǱ߰ѶĩҲʰˣȴǺӾȻڵͬţ
ˣ
۾һ뵽һķӣ
ٺ٣ȻҪöأǾͳֶҺζɡЦ˵ֱӴӴָͳһһѵĺڲԲ塣
ֱóнٸȵķֲǺӵλϡ
Щʱըһ㣬ֵطӦûвЧɣ뵽ȵʵʱ򣬾Щʱըˡ
ʰеĶĩּ֮һȷ˶ʱըû⣬ظˮ档
ĵ¶һԴͬһɫʯͷһ˽ҹɫ֮С
һʱһصȴţ۲ųǵľѲһһС
ȷ߲֮һƶ󷨣ԼӰسˮ档
ųǵſȥʶ鲼ܣʱСţ۲š
ţҵȷʺǵ۹ûΣյĻһΪΪǿɱְɣ̲סԳоԼˡ
ǿ̬ĹټϽ޵еⲻǴɱҪֶ
ڵʱ򣬽ȴǴžһ죬֪ȵʲô
ʱ򣬴̶ľųǡ


615 
ţˣüͷһŰľɵЩԾ
ͷһǱĶʱˡ
ΪʲôأԭһֻĴָСĳӣ
ųиְȻܹ뵽ĳʩҡͷ֮ǰûпǹķʽ䡣
һŲƶƿ̧ͷһƣʱˣŸոտʼ̽͵ˡ
ʶһɨԼȻ˷Χһƶ󷨣ԼӰ
ܿ죬һӰڵλã΢΢һӵץסһԵǽվš
ţôûأһǷ֮ǰվλãɻؿŵѾ˵ĳʬ塣
̤̤̤
ʿǽΧһȦûмһӰӡ
ôûˣСˡ
ǹֵģһ·ʲôҲûп
ѵ᣿ǲԼ˲ӣ
ߣ϶ˣܲԱ˰ɣ

ӳվһüͷţʵǲΪλΪ־õĳʮͲܻѵ
ڣΪʲôһӰӶûм
ĬѹֳΧǷųһȦ֮󣬳˵ȫ̽ϣһӶܷųȥ
˼˻ûߣһԣһжӳɻʵ˳ֹҲûӰˣϸʲô
Ƿͷɫޱȵ˵ֱңǸ˲û뿪ʲôķԼˡ
ǵ˵ʵ϶ǿǷҪĸǰжӳһתƣ˵ʵǿǲʹǺܻܿᱻɵҪǻæĻǲԴ㶺ˣ
Ѿˣ֮ԵġǷһۣѹ˵
Ϊ֮˲ûԶֻΧѣζ뵽ѹû뿪һֻǰѸ߶ȰθһЩѡ
ʱǷΪ̲סذͷǷľķǳǿ֪϶˴ųߣҪ
ܹΪ߹ҪųǵĳǷ²Ҫʵǻ۸ǿ˵һ׼ɣ
һССĳǷˣǳǸʲôӵأǺڴһЦ֮һ˿棬Ȼżˡ
ԷҲҲԼڣܹʲôҲͦõ
ܿ죬뿪ˣһߵĻиղŵǸжӳ
ʣһȺʿŵضܣ˺Ȼðǵ
ҲżǺҪģȵȾͺá
ʱܿˣʶһֱųǶţʲô紵ݶֻ֪һЩ󷨷ĵطûа취룬ûᱻ˸ټ
Դһνʶ̽ʱ򱻷ˣʱͻע⣬ΪһССʧǳҪ鷳
֮һȺ˴ӳ˳ȵһİС΢ԵЩӡ
һ˫ϸϸ۾ʱʱһ˿â֮Сȴһлĸоû˿Ϣ
ţȻǰ벽ԪӤ۾һǷ´½һ㡣
ôһ˲̽飬ȴǾһ٣Ŀ⿴ڵķ
δߣǺôĵӰպɣһЦǵĻ΢Щ̡
ô֪ģԱߣǷȵʵֻоΪĹǳ⣬⺽ȴû˵ȹ
һ˫ͬڰеһ˵ëȻҵҵ̽ңǲųӣ
һ׷׼ӿ˽Ųڵĵط
ܿ죬·ص㡣
һųǷ˵˾䣬˾ڸ벻绹صĸ֣
һﻹҵǸԼĶһ˶עʮֵľСӦš
ǽ֮ţ˫۱䣬ǺЦؿŽµһȺڡ
ǺȷǸֲ֮ǹ۲һΧĵΣ˵ĵطʿȥռλáʲôӵĸ֣صֶٸҲҪռһĿռģʿ彫ռסˣǾû˿ˡ
ְ֮󣬺ǱĳʬԱߣϸز鿴ţָմմʬϵҺ塣
ʱ˿϶ԶߣǴ˷ΧֻҪʮϢʱ䡣˱ȻΧһ˫΢΢һ㣬⻪˸ţΧš
Ȼһ⺽ƺĳĹ˫еĹ⻪̽ڵġ
ֶΰҾúõһٺһЦǼӳһʲôӵֶ̽飬ǰ޷ڵġ
ܿ㽫ΧһȦûзڣɵɻˡѵѾˣԲܣŻھ˲رգȫ̵ķҲͬʱͲ˷Ӧʱ䡣ԣ˱ȻڳУ
ᶨԼһĿԽ
ˣʦй۾һбС
ǰȥ֮һֺӡףһ߶ʱ򲻶ϵضš
ʦˣʿ֮ͨ뿪ˣǸʦ
תӣʦ˻֣˵㸺İɣʲô
ʦ˵ʲôǳ˱ˡ
ʦʬԱߣϾȻ¶һĨʹ࣬ҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ģȻ˾ģİĳӣҲŹģ
ʦɫڣֺϲա
һûһ˿ϻ˵ʦҵ
ǣСףʦӦ£ϵļʱʱزţȻǲˬ
ʦһַǳְҵǵĴھΪ˸Ӵ򽻵Ըָĳһ׺ܹ˽ֳӵϰԣܹõǡ
ʦܹƾ輸ֻǿĳӲμսʵԲСȥ
ֺʦɺͷĿԼ촽ٺЦĶʲôطһҪҳҪȥιӣ
ɵüͷֱţ갡ӵǰ˵ҪŪԼȻȥιӰ
ʦͷһμҵǺȤ㾿νιӣһضʦһһ


616 Ѱ
ʦĻ£Ҫһǲڴţ
ҵĳӣߺߣÿԽҳʦ˵ӻͳһģŹֵСӡ
СӴԼаƴСڵϱһҲˡ
žһСӱˣʦһСĩֱһ
ĩ˲ʧ٣ʦ۾ʼĵصȴˡ
¶ˣһЩĩҵҵټǹ׳յģм뵽Լ󷨿൱ĵġ
Ҳǵɴ۾ţҪʦ׻ʲôֶѰ
ԼĪжʮʱ䣬һ΢˵
ʦȻ۾ཱུϷⲻϵزţ߷һͳĺٺЦ
ˣҵıǣˣʦٺЦţĺܣǵȵѾõŮ
ˡ
һȺӷɵʦԣʦת
ʶ΢̽һһִûмĳӣ֪ʲôô
ʦӵϽǱĳʬһһؿУſвϷĳǻӶһ¡
Щͬܵĳٻһ㣬سʦС
ãǳӵʬͱµһɶ·ûдڹ
üͷ΢΢һأԼ֮뵽ʲô
ʦϵЦݸŨˣٺٺٺٵЦϵش
ҵСǣǲǻûгԱǾɣǼȥԣȥɣʦٺЦţһ˫۾Ȼɴ˲˼س̶ȣۿžҪѪܶ¶ˡ
Щ֪СʦһȦ֮󣬱˷ۼȥ
СǷɳȥһξ֮߷ȥȻ˴Ȧֱ֮ӻصʦڵλá
ףôֻˣѵ˵˲ûвȵѾȫ׼ʦüͷû
ЩСѾٷɳȥǾۼʦΧһӻͳһСƿӣ˸ӣһӨӨҺ塣
ˡ
ЩСͬһʦ˲ͽʦ
ѹѹһƬӽʦһӣΧ˶Ǿһġ
ĲȴԽԽأѾʼǸȥźߵˡ
ۿ⣡·ʦߺȻðһͳص˾ƺԼĻǶҪˡ
Ǻ΢΢һ̧֣һʦĿռȥʩչҲΪ˱ܵǣ
˲֪ʦֶΣ⺽ȴˣȺСļһʵǷǳֲĸ֣ܹЩССĳóױȵĴڡ
˵֮ǰиʦƾŽڵΪһȺڵĳӣȻһԪӤڳڵĸָӲĥˣ
ȿֲĴڣͲǱܹģֻǺʦعѾʧˣҲûǿʦ֡
ЩСӷ·ħһ㣬ؿʼʦĻչ̶ĺۼʼС
ٺ٣ܲˣһҪҵ㳢ҧĿֲʦɳƵЦһ˫۾оȻźâ
ۿţҲмڴ𻰣Ҫȥϣʦ˵󻰾ͺá
ΣգʱǻΪȤоһ£ӶõԼҪõϢ
ȥɣȥɣҵȥɣʦȻ˫̧һұȻ֮ЩСӱ˵һ㣬ʼѰ
СٴɢһȦ֮󣬾Ȼǻʦߡ
ӣʦɫѿһȻѾûˡ
һ߿ǽʦŵĲᰡ˲֪ǿᣬȴĺܣΪǺģ
ҼȥңһҪҵʦúֲһѶͷϵĺˮ
һЦҲ֪һҲԼˣҪȻΪλȵأ
ɾʱһʮСĳӾȻײײ·
֨֨
һ΢˼Ľ˳ȥʶһֱڳǵϱߣȻǿһĻ
˭룬ʱʦľȻһ𣬴һֱֵָڵλãЩСǷ׷׳˹
һȺĳž·üͷֱ塣
ȻܹҵΪʲôأˣѾκζôᱻҵأ
Ǿۼ·֮⻹ûᣬһȺӾȻϿʼƯѰڵλ֮󣬿ʼϵɢȫ
һ󷨣һܹܺõһǿñ˿ԼϧԵͽ׵ĳûκεôֻǰԼӦ£޷Ի󰡡
벻ĵӾȻô󣬾ȻһֱԳʦȻ֮غ˵֮ǿСǷĹš
ˣ벻Լţ󷨾ȻᱻһȺ۵СӸˡ
ߣˣ֪ʱԼˣһһӱ㽫Χ
ʿڿն𣬽Ͽյĸ򶼸Χ׸ˡ
ôоö˰ɬЦЦҡҡͷ֪Լ޷ټȥˡ
ģȫ˫۽ضһȺСӣҳһ
ȺӴǰƿų˻ߵķ
أ¶˳ûʩչȫԼģ
ߣС㵽˭Ȼų̽飬ǲҪȥˣǷһʮغ
С
㾹ȻС
ʱˣЦǺǵ˵²ţС
ʲô
⡭
һ˲䣬˶ˣζû뵽̽ǵ˾Ȼؾ䣡
ռǵ۹ķ֮һؾ䣬ȻȻųУⲻڿЦɣѵ˵ؾľѾ˸ǰ
Ƿһĭ˼ؿϸȷһ·ɡ
ߣԷؽһССĳǷˮƽѾˡ
Ŀ䵽˺ϣ΢΢һ֣ӿн䵽ϣ˵ˣ
ô֪ߣΪٰǾͲҶˣǸĵһӦ𾪹뵽ľǲܣ
ǵģͲܣΪؾԼİȫΪҪģô޴Լ̽أ
߿ɶЩèģ
ģ׶ԷڻԼˡ
һЦһָһɫĻӸ߿ʢϱ߶һ˶֣


617 
أ
û˲ǰ˾ˣ˶ɢŽɫ⻪֣ͲǱܹģ
ü˵ĵһӦȻǳǰǺˣ
ǵģ˶ںˣڶںˣֻսںˡ
ôôӭֻһѡ˵ʼչһĨЦݡ
һЩŵĳǷƵЦһ֣˵İɣ˵Ҳ鷳ģҪţô˺
ؽĴֻû뵽ؽΪλװСһųأ˵ѾĸϵˣһһҪǾ;Բܹ֣һҪ
ʱֻҪˣǾʧȥʮųǣҲǼޱȵ顣
˵ˣֻ·Ǻ棬ͽˡֲǵĳӣ뿴ܲҵҡͷʵʵ˵ĸ˵ƭĻǶԼ谡
һҪ˵ȴĿѾתˣֻʣһԼ
ĿͣʦϣϵЦԽˡ
ʦЦǻëҪһڸڵĻڿѾ˿ˡؽ
սǵ۹ģôľ֮£ųǵٶ࣬Ҳûжôôġ
ҪȴǵĿֻһˡ
ʦصְҵѾټˡ֪ЩСҵҵġƽִһɲݿܵ
ʦŵûһ£ŤͷҪȥ
һЦ̧֣ҪӶһ£ȴΧѾԼŵ
ô𣿡εҡҡͷ˵㾡˵ͺãǵĺǲġ
ལ
ʦһĭ˶εĿ˵ֳУղŵĳԱĳӣܹѭζѰ㡣
Щҡҡͷһ˫۾˸ǻ۵Ĺâ˵أЩ²ɣ
ʦɬԼȻ޷ܾĻǾͼ˵󷨽ζʲôĶȴ޷ص֮ǰζһ˿˿ζҲܹѰ㣡
ԭˣ
ˣСǵ֮Ƕζı
ΪһֻŲȵСӣԼĽŵϱ߲һЩӵζڳӵʬϱ߿϶Ҳζ
ζǳܹѰĸڣ
ĬĬص˵ͷ֪Լ÷󷨽һζ֮뿪ԭλõĻЩӿ¾޷ѰԼˡ
Ȼ˵ʦְҵѾûˣǴڼǺǿǰ;ԺҪҪһ죿ͷ˵Ȼֳ˼Һ濪ʼǽˡ
ɫʮѿ֣һ뵽֮ǰΪ߾ͷΪӵõϢǿûޣ
ʦεЦЦŤͷһۺֶԷɫͬѿһε˵СľˣСĲ֮ˣ
ͷ˵壬ҾϲˣţԺǵ۹ͳһˣң
ʲôⲻڿЦɣ
벻ؽҲǸϲţƤ˰ͳһǵ۹ÿ㽫ǵ۹Ļǵɷ𣿡ʱЦǸĻᣬܹץȨ
ʼźʵӣзչǰ;ؾֻҪбֵܹסʮĳ˭ܹߵ
⡭⡭ɫڣԭģҲŪĺˡ
һԼеСˡһΪ״̬ԼĳߣѾ֮Ҫʰֻʱ䳤̵ˡ
ϧôöԸİҪȻ˼ҲһȺˡ
ǵ۹ôǿ󣬿ϧڻʵۼݱ֮󣬾ͱ֧飬ߣԭҲҪ֧ЩȶңϧЩʵ̫ʧ˰ҡҡͷϧ˵
˵ʵԸ⵱ʲôͷΪĿܳԶֻͣĵطˡȽΣ⣬ͻ뿪ȥ顣
ߣλӲôǵ۹ͳңɽҰ֮ˣƾʲô᣿֮˻ӵ𣿡һԴǵ˵ǳһٺ»ģô᲻ӵһأ
ڰ֣΢еʧ˵ұǸӢǺνųǴͭǽڵģ㽻һֻû뵽ֻһһѣȻһȽϴĹ
˫ȻɴϵϢʼŷ˳Դų֮ûκ˸СԼ
ǰȻ˵ԼֻһĹͰ
һ˫۽ض˵ļ̫ͼ죬֮ءҪĲ񻰴Ӵսᡣ
ս᣿ǹİͣ˳ʱ䣬Ầȥ֪ͨνĸæ𣿡ޱȵ˵Ȼ׼Ҫ˺ƤˣǾûбҪʲôˡ
Ǳ˸ģ˱ӣȴǲмһˣǾûбҪ˷ʱ˰
ˣҰץһʮ㣬·ֻصսϱɱˡ
ϧӦһĬûԸȥһʹ򲻹Ĵڡ
ɫһ䣬ʲôȵ㵽Ҫô
һЦͷ˵벻㾹Ȼô̵ʱھͻָƽȷǸ֮šӽųǵȷеС˰
仰˵Ŀȥˡ
Ϊ٣һ˲սպգ
սԭʵڵʱ򺽼һܹкܺõĴɵʵۼݱ֮󣬱ӽ˺ȫԱҵĴͽˡ
ܹõҲ˲٣ⱾӦøͳһ·ĸ߼죬Ȼֱӱǲ˱߽ȥųǣ
Ȼ˵ųǵҪԼߣɾҲӦǲĸа
һ仰˵˼ɫ΢΢죬һ˫۾Ƿŭ˵㵽ҪʲôҪӾʹ죡
Ǻǣ벽ԪӤΪ𣿵ʮ벽ԪӤûɱңԪӤڸָǱնɱһẦ𣿡ǺһЦ˵
˫һضܹܵ˵ûһǼٻ
ѵѵ˵ʵѾﵽԪӤ
ԪӤڵĻǾѾûмսˣ
ô죿
ˣ亹ϵ


618 
Щ֣վţϴһЦ⣬ź
⺽ѾˣҲ֪ƾԼһ˵Ļ޷ὫԼų͵
һʵ㵽Ҫô
ˣûôһȺҪô
һһЦ˵ûôֻ֪ܲˣ
ܲˣ⻹Ҫ
ֳĸܹ㣿Ҫ£϶һȷѪ갡
Цһ˵ؽҺ㣬սϺúõؽһ
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ãҾ͵ȴһĵҲȴ̫õģصһЦͷתſȥ
ʵͺܹĳǸˣֻǿϧûеõã˵ǸӰˡ
ƶһʿ׷ƶûкǲܶôĺ¶ǲҸÿ·ġ
ĲԺܲЩʿĻһǽÿװ׵ĶԼͷҲص˵Ҫ߾Բסġ
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ĻǷɫ΢΢һ䣬Ƭ̾Ȼֱĵʶͨ˳ĳڡ
ʱѾߵ˳ſڣǶĳţһЦҪȥ
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תӣ°΢΢𣬿Ǹգۼ͵ԼǰӰ
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үү㲻Ѿŵ˵ƶ޷ĻҲûˡ
֮е˾ҵˣֻӦԨ۹սѾɥʧԴҲ޷ԼүүΪλ
ߣϷһ˵Ļʱ˶סˡ
ʱüͷĸˡ
ʶϸشһҡҡͷ˵벻ӾȻ캦飬ȻӲؽ֮˵ĻǾнǰףǿл꣡
ʲô˵ʲôʱץˣΪԼүүΪһЩԵûҪ˵ʱȴ⻰
ҡҡͷĿϿҳ˵ҿԸʵϣ㲻ҪġǰѾܱƺΪ˵ĴڣֻǱӵֶξнĻǣĳֶƳɵĿܣ
ûӲƳɵĿܣʩչĿ֮ǿƻˣǰĳȴĿܡ
ûа취õϢҪܵ˵ĸ֧䣬޷һЩ캦ˡ
ǳһ֮ڴһǿʶ˵벻д˵ȼʶϷСˣ
ȻʧЦε˵˾ڸɣȻѾǸˣο໹Ҫڣȥ˵˾ҪߣΪ
ߣҪܣ֮һҵūţҲҪΪһҵĹ΢Щı䣬ѾԱ˵Ǽٻˡ
ӾҵĲţʵ޷ţԼүүǰѾΪǵ۹˺ͣѾˣȴҪΪΪݣ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪҺ֮˳Ϊܣҧгݵ˵үүСʮ۰񿴵үүĻǣܹܰ
˭룬ǳдһмˣΪ۹ģҪϻٶͣ
ţ˫һţһͨѶǰﾹȻǱɭӡ
ڽʿͬͣǲΌİɣӵ˳ȥʰأھðôһᣬ˰
ץǧֻҪܹɵʧһųΣ
һųǻһԵĻ㰡
ųڽʿԺлصţǶ֪ǸʲôӵʱЦǺǵһܺ˵ӣһŭԵıһ
׽ͨѶʰһ˵ڽʿϷһҳץֱնɱӱ壡
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ǴŵĳţֻҪһתһپܹɵ뿪ųˣҲ˵
ϧûжֱֱĶųף˵Щʿ𣿡
һȻҲõһЩϢ
ðɣҲųǴ󶯸ɸģǼȻ̰ģҾʧȥһаɣ˵һŭѾ֮ȼ
ûдųʲôңϾҶˣͬµ顣ѾΣΪսʧ˲ţǿɲҪġ
ϧЩӸͲῼô࣬ǿֻǰ棬ܹȥȻԼĵ̣Ҫ鰡
Цƾһܹ֮ų𣿲Ҫ쿪ˣжʱһ󳰷Ц·һΪЦˡ
νʼҿһµ𵤺֮µģǶվɣԼ̫ˡԸģҲֻ˳Ӧ⣬ǵˣǷģһʷΪдһʣ
ôţ
˶ˣû뵽ʲô˿ڽӽӵİ֮»ܹ˵źͿ
˰ȫڵʿûһĭܹ˸ˣǰˡ
üͷѾšһɽ壬Ȼ߱ӽүүŪ˿ܣеǰ˵ʱ򰡡
𵤺ڣ£˼һ£Ǿ˿ˡ
˶ľӾۼƺƴ󣬹ҲԲС
ԪӤڵĸ˵Ѿˡ
ôһ仰Ͳͬˣȵ˭һɽ˸ҹ


619 սӣ
ӣոҪ˺ʿǷ׷ͣס˽ŲĲˮɳ׵ıܾǱӱڼලţ˭Ҳӣ
бҪ𣿡ŭغѾ޷ˣ
֪ӵҲ˼װĵЩʵûбҪ
ȻŤͷΪͻȻת̶Ħ㣡ϣɱ˶ʼΥ壡
һ壬˶˫۽ضȻﺦ£ν˲Լܵǣľˡ
̾Ϣ˵õʧӣѾˣ
׶ʱ˸ֱӷǿĹ
һĿĺâͬһնصĴ󵶣ƾɣűͷն
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㲻ܣֻһǳ쵶â㱻ɢˡ
ಡ
׹֮еʿ㿪ʼչ˻ź
Ϊ棬ܹľɱ
䡭
һܼĴɫһѾûѡˡ
˫裬ǰһķ󷨡㹻ǿᣬôĹҲԲ
ܼĹ֮һţһܿʧˡ
ѾǿĹĲҲ̶ãڵĵطûһ˿ԭģ
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ʱӴӰ¶һѾŭմˡ
Ҫɱǣ񣡡ķŭˣֻҪ̽ǣȻֱ뿪ģɶԷȻҪȡԼ
Ȼˣһؽ䣬ֱӽųǵĸȫնɱ˰ɣ
ʱȡͨѶѩǱ߷һϢǴŴֱųǶ׼ųǣ
ѩյϢʱһ㶣֪Ѿųǵ˴ֻǸæʰ׼Ŵֱųǡ
񼯽ӴǳųҲҪĸʱĸʱڣܶ鶼ܷ
ʮֵΣѩѾĲˣֱ񱼡
ųǣУϢȣɫͷ޷Զ
󣡹նɱֱȡ󽫾֮λ״غѾŭˡ
Ӻڶֵİ»޷նɱĻĶ˱ӵ档
Ĺ𣬵ǵĹ֮ȴָҲӰˣ
أ
վˣҪЩ޹ʿƽԼʩչ󷨣Ӱ𵤺֮µ޷Ӱġ
һһӣ˷䲻ð˽ϰٸ֣ÿһǽ۷Ĵڣ
üͷһû뵽ųоȻôĸ֡жٸ֣ɱ
ʱһĻĺüͷʱţʱչΪǰʱӲıĸΪߵʱ˽ˣԭ˰ųС
ⱱѾˣнų뷨ߣӣҺΪϹᣬԴ𣿡ŭһȼ޷𣬺ǰ֮ɫͨ죬Ѿ޲ó鱱ˡ
ǸˣҪȻȫûбҪʩչʲô󷨣趨Ϊ𵤺֮Ϊ޷̽鵽
˰
΢΢ҡͷΪؾ֮ʦĴԽԽˣôһΪؽڣؾܲȥ
ϧҺһҵˣҪȻź뵽ҪǷѰ뷨µѾ˾޴ı仯
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볤ǹײţҵܴţһЩʵСʿֱӱƳȥԶһѪ³ֱӵزˡ
ʱ˿̣Ѿ˲ôˣһһһǿᡣ
ܵʵȻѾԪӤڣôܣɫƽˮȴĶ𺳣ҲΪڻ׼սԭ
ҪŪܵúεֶƵģȻԽʵٴһΡ
ǰʵҲǰ벽ԪӤӦͨĳֵҩɵģҪȻ˵ȹ̡
ʵֱӿԽ˰벽ԪӤ޽ӽԪӤڣѾǷǳĴˡ
ҿ㣬ߵʲôɣ˫һɣоȻǰ壬ŵһᣬһֱӽǳնϡ
ʵˣӴĳ׾вһ֮˶ɴ۾Ŵͣز˼顣
ѵͽˣǿĽԪӤڵĸ֣һ˽
ųǶһ˫˫۾ضŰС
͵ӱϵĵط𣬺ɫðͣʹӳз
üͷţе㲻ͷ
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㽫һξܹɱɾĴˣҿǲĴˣ׿ЦżȻûбϷˣ뷨
ͷ˵֮ϣѵԸһһΪ𣿡
㡭ô֪𾪵غֶֿμΪأܻ֪ڵΪλ֪
һЦ֪ȥˣҿԸ㣬ҪΪ֮Ͼ޵еĴˣһ
ɫװָֿܿ
׳Ĭһ£Ц벻֪ô飬֪ĶΣһҪ
ţ״һֱȥΧһڸҲͬһ˹
ֻ֮ٶǿ߷Ųعţÿһιǿҵıը
ͥŲݵӦŴĹ
Ĳ£ƾķֶΣ֮лûмܹѵƵ
ҪˣǼ֣ܹʩչʵܳԽڣҲ㹻ŰǰЩˡ
Χһˣĳûм𵤺֮µʿǷ׷ͷۿţӲϵغţЩڳ㹻ս
ܿ죬ԭȺֻʣ˺һվԭأѾ˳ȥԶˡ
һ֮ٶڻҲûáҵϵʿѾֹͣ˹նԼˣô
Ǻǿ󰡣΢΢ҡͷѾԤ⵽ˡ
ǿѾԶԶǿʮҲ޷ֵڡ
Ҫ˼ûһżӣȫ棬ڶ֣


620 
㵽Ǹʲôĺǻɣһı̫ͻˣ뵽ҵ伮ϱ߼صһЩغ顣
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ʱ֮ϴһһž޴ĻⱬѿƱӲؽҪסӵĸָ
ȻôҪҲûбҪˡױһֱҪȸɵףûĹȻҲȴˣڿˡ
һٶ˶Ǳӵĸ֮ˣΪ˸ɵΪƴˡ
һȺ֮ˣǾֱɱ˰ɣ
ͺһоػ£
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εĵâǰڳĸǺȻе㲻ԾǵͷһʱȴزһµλѾûˣ
ʮˣ
ǿɲǿܣҲûǣûа취ȥˡ
һʹ𣬽űһ߾Ѿֳʬӿеȥ
ͨͨվŻӵƣ˫۱ؿǰѾŵ˵ĸǡ
ģһŵ˷׷ײ
ŭХһƶȻɫӿð˳׵ɫ仯ˡ
ؿǳף˵ʲô³ãȵûлˡ
ף
ǳҲ֪ԼĿǰ״̬޷սʤȻʩչһ֪
һĿĹ⻪ϿռԶͬʯһ׺ݵײ˳׵ϡ
¡һǺۿ߾ȻŻ棡
ߣٻһ֪ʲôĴڣͺ𣿰һΪܹжôֶأ벻ȻȵͼֶΣӳ׵ŵһζﻹ֪ʩչʲôֶΡ
һӾǰ̤һˣ
˵꣬׵徹ȻֱһƣǿϢ˵ǿֲޱȡ
ֲǶѰ˵ģȴǸû˿Ч
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ڣҲ͸ˣԼѾֳǿʵЩ˻ûǾ˵һȺɱԼĴˡ
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꣡꣡꣡
һѪҺ緢Ķת
ӣϬ絶һſͷ­ֿ緢ѪҺڿлš
սߣɱ⣡ͳϵһ˫۾ɨڳÿһˣǻ
ǰûжĳ֮⣬оȻûһˡ
Щֱӿͷ­߰ʮ˷׷أһһѪɫ䡣
˶ɵˣΪǴûмһ˵Ȼգ֮ͽ߰ʮŸնɱӦʱ䶼ûС
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֮Ӧʱ䶼ֱӿͷ­
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һЦм˵ҵĵһǺܴ󣡡
˵꣬ҲԷӦĻᣬֱӻһֱ߳˹
еľ޴ǹֱӴȴһ죬ץסǹԱһ˳ųǹֱ˳׵ǰ
꣡
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Ħƥľ΢ܵһЩ谭֮Ȼɵؾͽ׵ұۿˣ
ųǹֱ۱ϣ׵ˣڵŨܺٴð˳Ҫ޲ϱۡ
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˵ˣòҪҵҶȻңһʶֱӳ뵽֮Уٿؿ֮ĺۼĨɱˡ
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΢΢һ֣Щױ¾ۼǰ
ңĹȻ񣬵վǸҾ͸װɡ˵ɫͷһ
֪ҵԶǺҲûż֣ڶүүµҲ޸һ¡
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͵ǰ˵ǵ۹ĹӦеĴԺҪ˺ҵ档
ʱ˿̣ḧүүսףѾ֪˵ʲôˡ
ĿӺ뿪ɨųǣƽС
ؾ⻼ΣͷӦùͬԵеʱȴΪ˸ԵȨϷǵ۹ԲΪǿ壬ǻԻ͵壬ҪվĶˣԼҫ
ѵͷһҲ˼ȡؾһҵĽɽǵ۹
ؾԸǵ۹ΪΣδ캦֮£ձӵΪҲˣѵԸĻΪʤֶˣΪ˵ʿǵܲˣ
⻰һųǷˣǶ֪˵Ĳ٣
ųеľԹأɵصѾвߺź
Ҫͳһǵ۹˲ū
ųѾսܣһվɣҪôͶҪô뿪ȥǲǵ˵ӣĻͬشһһµػ˵ͷϡ
һǱŰıӣһϣؾһܼ򵥵ѡ⡣

һصеʿеѡͶ
Ŀ䵽˺ϣһЦ˵֣ؾһǵ۹Ķ㣬Ը𣿡
Ĭˣ֪ν綨ѡǱѣǡ
л¶ȵףɬЦһ˵պգȴֻʣһˡӲҺ֮˵˿ˣһ
˵꣬һѽԼͷϱ߹ڱӵı־ݺݵ׵˵ϡ
صͷ˵ڣųǣǳΪؾĳУȻΪԸߵģ֮ǰ뿪Զؾ
һ󻶺˭û뵽ô˵ûɱһ²ûʲôп飬һоֻǻ˸˶ѡôô
þû֪Լ˸ȷѡľǰ
Ϣܿʹ˳ȥһ˱㽫ų˲ǵ۹ˡ
ƵĹǱעѪҺһٵת
ѩŲʱ𾪵ĺϲ£ˡ
ֻǵЦţһ߸ǽţһѩųǵһˡ
ȻûǽԼµĶʱըȡ˳Ϊܹϣȴû뵽ܹôСʧõųǡ
һսһˣһǡ
Ѿɾµ񻰣


621 ݳ
һսջ̫̫࣬õ˺ųͭǽڵųǣǵõ˺ĸ棬Լųǽȫľӣ
ӵõϢ֮󣬷ŭֱӽŵնɱˡϧηŭı䲻ʵ
Դ֮һսųǵǵ۹ޱȣ˭û뵽һԺޱȵųǾȻᱻһ˸ɵˣ
Դ¼ΪʧģǱˡһ˾ųǣҪǴЩƻؾһ·ι
Ȼɭϵй֮ڣǣµĺһëȻĸоȻľȻоԡĻУ
죬ټڽй£˺ð죬Ӳô¸ûãϽԲ߲;
ûãµսȫڱӵйС
ڽ֪ô£Ҳǰ׼һЩ˵ǡޱ˭ҲóȻ˵
һĹ˾˭оһСĴùͷܾܿǵԴ顣˵˾ҪôǷҪôɱߣǶ߼֮
ôǧգһʱټҹһԲôӵĻ˽ͷŭ˼ӵ۾ɨڳڽʱûһϽͷġ
Ӽеζˣƽƣӵ˵ʱ򣬿һָ˵أһڹѵͷȻһܹ˵һõĶô
ӻ䣬ڽһˣʩ£ڷ棬ָ棬ΨӦԣǰΨһ;
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Ҫа취ӻ
ľֿջ׻Ҳ֪ҪǶ̫𣬿ڽû˸˵ˡ
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˵޷˵ʲôһˡҪǱ˶ͷԹ㣬֮Ϊý˵ӶƵ䷢ĵĵزˡ
ҧһ촽˵Լ뷨
Ŀǰ̬ƣҪƾԼһ赲ؾѾǲ̫ʵˡ
Ψһİ취ϳһʮǿˣܹؾһ̡֮
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ʱ򣬾͵˵ݺĵΣ˫£һܹһЩ
ֻҪγ˾޴ЧӦͣǵ۹ֻһЩ̣ܵвҪǲĻͲóȻԱʲô֮ġ
͵Ľ飬粻˵ʵ뷨˵ӵĿȥˡ
ͣӦأ
Ӧϸӣϻλȡϵϧȡˡĵ̾ͻܵԶϣвҪ˭ֻҪһͻвƱزġ
ӺݺݴϢһڣӺϻӺǱеʹѾ˲ôˡ
ЩӾǱӵ飬Ȱ͵뷨˵
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ӵͷ˵е㻹б뷨
ˣһԨ۹÷ˮֵǵ۹һͿˣűĵ۹ҲɵѡǾ仰ӱĵ۹ҵԮҲǿܵġ
˵ţ뷨еͣѰͱĵ۹˵飬ȫȨɡӻһȨڰµĹУһ֮ͣʣǧ𹼸ӵΰ
ͿȻӦʵΪ°£;Ϲᣬѡ
Ӱһͣѯһ뷨˵һЩҪĲ䡣
ϣȥԼϸϻңͨѶĸˡ
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ӵӵѶϢӻ٩
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⻰޵ʱɲܳ嶯һҪԴΪء
뵽Ӿ͵˵̸ֵϣӦݺĵһ˶ųǣֲû˵ɣ
һĴϾϷ֮ģɫʵܣ°ɷǣﷺ㶼㲻ѵ㻹һɷȥǣǧҰ
ӷΣûƽƽֳϸУֵܼܸܵ˵
ְ˵ɶûˡ治ɥˣǾ˼ҲԸ⡣֣ʵܾǾԼмܲסɥˣǣҲ֮ѵֲô
һӳĬˡ
ǵ۹ĻУȵùľӣ˭Ц˭ȡüһŪɹˡ
ɻûȴЦӵֻаѳǱ߾͸漱ˡ
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еһɨգɳƽ⻰˵ˡֻҪϻӶǰ֣ϻӾͻ᳹װؾսˡ
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ƽǳŸƽζΪս岢ǺܴҲڽͨŦ棬ûоսϴ
ʵϣƽǸһɽϻӵĵ̡ҪϻҪƽǣҲǲܡ
ƽ涼ƽԭտأҲѲٱ˼ǻȥˣûκε塣
ԣƽǱȽϸҲϻӵߣϻӶƽѡӵ̬ȡ
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ƽǣһҪϻԳ֡ʱؾԽ˵Ұط㣬ṩʡ
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ҪһγвûоľǲܵġҪǰѲӳųԵıӼžôӦǿҪ°
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ڸӣϻһϵͳһҪͬԸɱԼ֪ж಻ס


627 Ǳ
ֵ֮˵飬˵ˣ˵ʱһѡ
Ҫ˳˳ˮģ׼ܶһһӡһ˷紵ݶͻǴͷԷɵľˡ
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ǵ͵ĲһĶ֣һĶһġ
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628 ƽ
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ӽ籱ӣϣܹؾ㹻ĹѹؾΪǷѹֹͣߵĹתȥԮ档
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һЦɳƽĵͷ˵ãȻɳ뷨Ҿ͸һᣡ
뽫ָʾɳƽһȵȻָֻʿģ
ʮʱ֮ǳɫһ䣬ȵ
ʱʮ
ӲɳƽɵˣһԵѩǾһΪ⼸һɵ鰡
ֻʱǲ̫ˣѩʵȻ֪Ƣ⻰ǲġ
ؿѩһۣƽ˵дѹֻʱ׼źῼô𣿡
ѩһͺԴһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ǰҪľӵķӦٶȣ˳嵽ſŷ֣ô
ҪĲ쵼ߵӦ䣬ӵЭ
ģɳƽض񣡡ɳƽ˵˵֮ʩһ񣬱ٵ뿪ˡ
ɳƽոճȥ߾ֵͬһ
ĺ𣿻᲻ɳĻԣѩ΢΢üʵ
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵ûа취ɳƽԺܺãƷҲؾ֮г֮⣬Ϊ׵ˡұҪúõؽ̵һ
ѩӦһ֪ԼϾǸŮˣǲܲȥġ
ˣͶأôüûмˣ˵˹񣬱뵽ԼĶӡ
ԼûжٿʱȥɲһְĸӦ顣
ĻѩǳǳһЦ۾һ֮󣬱㿪˵ͶϾ͵ˣ֪æҲҴ㣬ľ׼ţһй˾֪ͨ
Ȼػ͵ǸĺӰ
֮ػͳ˴֮ڣس嵽ĻС
ףͶˣػʹغ֮дЩί
òװԼĸλˣȴûлΪ̫æˡ
ͶΪĴΪˡظػ͵ԴԼŶӣȻ۰ޱȵġ
ģȵؿػͣɻʵͶΪô
ףͶһֱо׵Щĵãû뵽һ֮󣬾͵õ˳Ľػϲõ˵˷ܵؼףⴴʵ̫ǿˣԺһҪ׷ϸ㣡
ããҶ־Цţ˵Ŀġ
ʱػŤͷһߣֿһѩף˵ҪȥһˣͶи󣬲֪ܴܲӦң

һתƣ֪СҪʲôˡ΢˼һ£ҲػҪʲôֱӵͷ˵ͶˣҴӦ㣡
ֵػˡ
ػգգ۾ؿʵѵʲô𣿡
Сӣȥһعսû⣡ػ͵ԴЦе˵
ػһЦæ˵ллףͶϣܹûͶ뵽ս֮УͶҲҪȥһأ
ʲô
ССĺӾҪξսʵ̫Σˣ
УԲУͶ㻹̫СˣʵҲ㹻û˵ѩǿܿԼİΨһĶʲôΣա
ػһ⻰ίĵԴʪ
СӣۿҪ˰
Ҳ˵ֻƽؿػ͡
֮ػٴ̧Դȴûһ˿һۡ
ףͶؽĶӣޣҲᣡǻͶҪȥս˵ֻս֮вܹõػһ˵
⵹ЩԾˣЦǺǵ˵˵˵ɡ
ףͶһλᣡͶҪһɳͶҪ游׷ֵ
ֵ
͵زһ£ػ͵ԽԽˡ
ѩΪŭˣæǰסػͣ˵ҪͶС˵
˭룬ȻЦˣЦԽԽ
ã벻Ķӻȹ־򣡡Цػһžǿ˳
ʴϻ۵ػλ֪ѾӦҪ󰡣
ôڿޱˣղѵװ𣿡üͷһʵ
ػȴȻЦݣϵ䣬߰ͷ­˵˵ؼҵ˾ԲͷҲҪվͶǸˣͶûпޣ
Ĳˣһֱĸ˵ԼΨһĿȥȴԼ̫顣磬ѾǸ˰
ãҪӦңܳɱ̫ǰɱУҲҪǻ۵ġһӣػ§˻УϵĹذ
ػһЦֲһỨͷ˵ллףͶʧģͶؽĶӣ
ãҵҪСһܹڳʲô˻Ĩһػ͵ԴеİŨޱȡ
ػ͵ıܳԾŴһϸɣ


634 һ
۵ʱǶݵģһʱ֮ɳƽȻǰ
ɳƽؿڻڲϵţһþƽ˵潫ʮѾϣȴ
üͷһɫƽ˵ٶȲԤƵʱҪϰʱ
ҾһֱǴս״ֻ̬Ҫչ̶˳ͺãʮѾսˣɳƽЦ˵Ȼϲãʱʱһµȴǳ
صͷĿؿɳƽ˵ɳӦҵ˼˰ɣ
ɳƽصص˵ͷɫ˲ص˵ʧְˣû뵽ǵľӿô̵ʱھսᣬӽ»᲻ϵʱ䣬ؾһֻЧʵսӣ
ãɳƽȻûп㣡úŬɣؾδǵУ˫۾ѾһžȽȽ
ؾôʲôط֦ɢҶҪܹһġԨ۹ǱҪôģĺԼһ򣬻ûʲô⡣
ʱǳ⣬Ǿͼǲɿܵˡ
ǵ۹ߵؾȴҪˡ֮ǰʱѩе飬Ҳûа취顣
ǸʱؾҪľȶһȶչؾܹΪʱѩΪԼŮˣѹˣû췴
ڲͬˣؾҪǴ粽ҪǴǰ
ãȻѾ׼ˣǾͳɣȥһأվһЦ§ԼĶػͱȥ
ȥͺãѩȶ󷽵ġѩҪһȥҲ֪Լְڡ
ͷ˵ˣһһ
˵գػڿն𣬻һ˳ȥ
ųһ֮ƽ֮ϣǿϹ󷨣ΪľǸؾᣬñҪҲûлᶯ֡
󷨣³ȼʦ֮⣬ѾûܹƵˡ
ףΪλһĸо֮⣬ػȿʵ
ЩԾЦǺǵʵͶҲо
ػ͵һЦ˵׻ģͶҪᣬҪԽף
ãܺãǰʲô֮ɡˣô־Ķӣ˭ˣ
еȴûг֣ػԾ֮ߵ֮ǰʮɺϵٽ紦ͣӡ
ػͱ۾ʶð˳֪̽ʲô
ףǿռ󷨣ܹе˲ƶԶûĻ޷ﵽһأػ̽һ֮󣬿˵˵ĽԼóԾ
ŶͶ֪ģüͷ壬ɿ֮ʵ
˭룬ػ;Ȼ˵ԼǸо޷ƾŸоͣλãƾŸо̽鵽󷨵࣬ƾŸо
ܹƽ𣿡ʵһǳص⡣
ػͳĬˣζ֮󣬲ٴο˵ף޷ƽ󷨣н𵤺ڵʵҿ԰ȫ
ǿŸо
ǵģ˵ĸо
ˣȷһص⡣
ػͿǶŵֱ仰˵ػעΪһţ
ðɣݾϲʵ̫ͻȻˡЦһΪԼţˡ
ڿҲһˣػͲţŰ
ôˣףʲôϲػͺʵܹоϵ仯
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵ȸҪˣԽ׶˵ѣ
ػ͵˫˲ˣһɲõЦð˳
Ǹ׵ӺãػͻЦ˵˵ĵ滰
룬֪ػ͵ȷԼֶ˿ûʵ֡
һʱػһΪػͽ֮׵ĵط
֮󣬶ʮźƺƵǰػͷһγڶʮ֮ǰ
Ҫһ𣿡ɳƽЩ죬ոĸԺӵ۰Ӧôػġ
ڣػǰһò˵ɳ壬󣡡

ӣɳƽˣ˶˼ؿСһǲǺȶˣ
ɳƽĿ⣬һЦ˵վҪģͶŲ츳
ɳƽˣڶӰ˰ȻǻҪ뿪ģ뿪֮ɳƽ֮⣬ȻҪһߴڡ
˭ʣػͳˣ
ɳƽ֪Բûаյ飬ͷػ˵빫Ӵ·
ػ͸˵صͷҪָǧˣһô˧鰡
ػһۣɳƽ˵һΣ˧ֻǹսߡ
֮˱ػ͵Ĵ֮£һһ뵽֮С
ˣҵĲһ׼ߴǾԼȥɣһ˵¶ϣػ͵ɫ΢Щ۵ĻȴǴһϡ
⻰ʮʿͬӦ
ɳƽ˴Ĵָ˵ӵȷ
һЦھ½ۻе簡
漴ػʹ·ɳƽжУǺƺƵضʮ
֮Уػ͵ıֿȦɵ㣬ͷò̾žŰ
ֻҲ֪ϴȱţȱܹȫɳţ
ػԺ·кܳܳ׵ܹĻ̫ˡ
ʱ֮ػ͵Ĵ֮£˳֮⡣
ףͶˣ󷨵һ˲䣬ػʹһͷϵĺˮ΢Щ˵
ŶӶͷϵĺˮͷػһĴָ
ľӣ½½˳ػ͵ǱüΪء
ػͱϾֻǸСӣָ֮£Ҳһܹȫð
в˱ػ͸һǼ˲ߴһ֪ᱻʲôطȥ
ʱһصİѾػ͵˵ĳ֡
ôһСӣ
ǸСӣߴ·ɣ
ԣˣǸ˭
ҵ찡ؽ
죡죡ȥͨؾϮ

һ֮⣬˲һʿǰʱѾ˷硣
ʶһɨ㽫Щ˵ķӦУȴǲż
ߣȥǵĴͰɣ˵Ͷ֮ƣ塣
һԣػѧģһؿһء
ףҳ֮ҪΪˣػݵؿÿһӶųݸ׵ڡػȻҲ֮һ
簮ػ͵Դĳ˵Ͷ֮·ô򵥵ģҪĵһ¾λлսϻֻлŻ޵Ŀܣ
ǣͶ֪ˣͶ嶯ģػصصͷ۵˸һεϲá
ػͶٴλ븸һˣ
ɳӣڵȴʲôػһЦŽĿ䵽ɳƽϡ
ɳƽһ㶣εЦЦ㿪ʼ䲼


635 
ɳƽ¿ٵתɳƽʮפؾϣټɢɢľһнʮ
ʮһذͦ࣬ʵҪ̯治һġ
Ͼһصĵκܹ죬ҪȡһЩսĻٵȥ
ԣһȨ·ųȥΪҪ˲ţΪһûĺð취ֻ˺ս
§ػھ֮пţǸŵɽϣһ޴ǽڣǱһصĳǽˡ
һأ͵ˣһĻĻľ֪жѪһȰƥ֡
һ֮£泯ųǷһ͵ɽ£ϵ·ɽ·֮Ҳʮֿˣܹͬʱʮ˲СϾ󲿷ֵʵܹ裬·ҲСࡣ
ɽΧ鲼طһС͵ķﱤͬһһعҪ嵽һصĸǰֻȰǰЩﱤϵ
һǰʵǽаɸߣʵޱȵĳǽʮɣͲͨĹܹƵġǳڣܹһûпֱƿһŻ
һرϾǾӪĴڣϵ󷨷Ƕ಻ʤǻ˳ǵľ֮Ҫǿϲ١
ףһҪӲĻ»ܶˡػ̧ͷһ˫Щ̵۾
ĬȻصͷҲ֪Ľûа취
Ͷѵʲô취𣿡˶٣ǿʵ
ػҡҡͷ˰˵ǣܹӵڲͻƣӦϣҪܳĲʱˡؾ뱱ӵĹϵʮֽţҪпϼˡ
΢΢̾Ϣһػ͵ļ˵ͶܴˣʱΪ˳õĺƽȻҪһȥġǲɱأһ쵼ҪľνЩʧ͵ֻͣҪܹǾ㹻ˡ
ףͶˡػ˼صͷһ˫۾й⡣
ʶɢؾĿǰ̽һ飬ӵԣҲܺãƽĻһսѾûжˡ
ģһٵĽŲ
ٳ˹ǰŸսɳƽžͳ˽
ɳƽĽ죬ʲôһϢȻҪ֪
һ΢Щŵɳƽͷ˵ʲôϢ˵ɡ
һ˵ոյõϢһбӸһؾıѾﵽʮ򣡾˵ѾŶӿܻĿǰûȷ
ʮˣ
ⱱӶһصӳ̶Ȼ֪ؾս£֪
ϧϣ㹻ģ쵼ָȫսĽ
û˵Ŵͷʾȥˡ
ɳ㿴ȥͺá˵֮㿪ʼ˲ˮһʲôܵļơ
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ˣϻʼžͩϵһ£עⶫӵĶֻҪж佫ҪҪȥ˭ֻҪڶӵĳ¶ѻͺãɳƽֱ粿ͩϵȥˡ
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ֻǣٻЩĵģ֪ɳƽܲʮ򾫱ǿǷؼͬͭǽڵһء
ʮʮҲؾһδˡ
׼ڶӳɷУҩ׼㣬һص㼯дҪڰʱڽǰǽڸˣһ뵽״̬֮УɳƽԴٵתȻԷسǣɽ𻢣
ɳƽʵؾ˵˲ҪģһЩǮνҪһЩˣеˡ
һɳƽĿд󲿷ֶ׵ĳսҲһ˼ҪӦһս࣬ȻٿʱһЩı䣬вЧ
һڶӿʼڵһſűĹڵغըųǽϱһĺۼ
ڶͣΪһ飬ιǽмըɳƽһ֣ڶӵĺͣ
ţһںöڵÿһζ䵽ͬһλϣǵط˿ڲϵ
ʱһѾ׵ػ󷨲Ҫڵ˺͵СϧǷԷΧЩЧһɳƽԵĹǾûа취ˡ
ãɳƽ֪ʡҩ㻹ʲôֶΡһЦеǺ⡣
ػȻ̧ԴʵףҾɳĲá
ã˵˵ﲻá۾һػͲҲǸָŰɣ
ǵĻҪҸ˰
ػ͵ͷ˵ɳص㹥Ŀ޷Ǵ˵ģͬʱǲһĻңӶ¶һЩ㣬ЩصҪǷƽûκε⣬ȴǲУȲ˵ΣǶʮټһص̬˷ѵҩûʲô𡣡
ػ˵Ĳ٣ҲҲЧķ
ĻػͱϾǸСӣôҪһɳ̵ġԼΪ׵ģбҪúõһ¡
һ̺ʽȰɽϵķﱤȥȻóڣֱӽһصĳǽˣʣµͼ򵥶ˡػ˵ԼķٵģЧġ
ûзԣͷ͵Ͷǳˣо̶Լ˰Ͷ㷢Լİ취ʲô𣿡
ػͲҡҡͷ¶һڴͺ档
һĻʵ̫󣬶ʱܹҪʱҲ࣬ױԷֽصʽƻڶﱤ̺ʽĹ²̫Чǽﱤƻеȴ̫ΣգһؾӪ꣬ЩӦѾǹˣҲһ㣬о̵ҪʿҪʿþеһͺ¶ĻʿͻԺԣؾõķչǲʵģ
һ˵꣬ϴһĨЦݣػ͡
ػͻȻͷ˵ףͶ֪ԼĲˣԺῼǵĸӳֵģ
СӣĽЦ˵СԽԽϲ˰
ģػ͵Ŀһָǰ΢Щغ
ףˣɳжˣ


636 ں
̧ͷһƣһصǽѾĵҩһȱڡ
ǻðź̵ȱڣƲƲֻͣһ۰
ǲҲ֪ιѾôһҺˬˣĵĳ̶ʵ̫ˡ
ҲǿڹһصϣҪǹһأȥɳƽһѵˡ
ʱɳƽѾڶֹֻͣ˻֣Сͷգ̽ԷΧҪƱ˴֮ķΧöԷķڻ¶
СͷѸڿգһؿ񱼶ȥ
ۿžҪӴԷŵķˣһ߷³
˶СͷҪȫʱɳƽȴЦˣȫ٣ֱӳȥԷѹ
䣡䣡䣡
ڻըԼȻٵͬʱСͷȻԲ˼ٶֱͻ˵һߵڻ
һͻ˵һЩСͷ㿪ʼһڵؾƵڵûоȼգûĲֹĻѰķӸͱˡ
ãɳƽȷӣַӶˣһ䣬֮ǰǹսʽ޷𽫵˳ѹסʱʿһѷĳȥֻҪһˣǾֻܽⲫսˡ
ǱߵĽҲǰ׳գﻹ֪ؾбæͷųһһĶԿ
Сͷûжٹֻܹпٵ㣬նԷĻ
¡¡ıը첻ϣһһķըƬɢ
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һСͷûȵ˽䣬صײ˳ǽϵʱɳƽǰһ󺰣ɤӾͺǺλٶȴȥÿСֱ𹥻һҪЩطҴˣ
֮ڵٴһſڵĺֱԤĿȥ
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˵һˣеڶˣ춼ˣؾĲʮֳɹһ֮µķǱˡ
ʱڲԶսıӣжʱǿҵķŭ
Ϊʲôؽǰ׳𣿾Ȼô鶼ãǿǺķǮƲŴķȻؾô͸㶨ˣЩֽģҲɱٵɣ
ӿЩȼղͣĻ棬һųӣڲϵسЦ
ӵ£Ϣŭؾʵ̫ƻ˰Ȼ뵽÷̽ڵλãҲҪģϾʮӵģӲƴҲẦǣԱߣһģļһ￪˵
⻰ӵɫźÿһЩͷ˵ðɣҾͿʲô̶ȡߣȥһأȫ죬һնɱ
ӵ£²׵ʦֹЦҪˣ𵽺ЧһûЧǾͶĽడ
ȥͶؾĺðӵľҲ˵ˣųǵʿǶûյκγͷֻǴɢ±ưˡ
ˣϣˣƶȸȷˣʿ˵ؾһϣһĨȥĻᡣ
ϧѾŭգһ֣þʦͣԼľ
һؽɫˣؾһ޵еģûκʧսؾ
ⲻڱ
Ǹô죿һĭѾˡ
ؽҧгݵغô죿һҪסǲܵˣ
ǰǲܵˣһشӽ֮ûбҪǵбˣǿɾĳǧЦ
ǰ߷սسþףҪըؾӣؽغһ˫۾֮вѪ˿ԴؾһΧ֮ûкúϢÿæýͷöиǵǵ㡣
ӵðӰԽԽˣǳȺӵؿٵһȥؾʱڶӽйǾֻܳΪ֫ʬˡ
ߣСɳƽһ֪ǸѵĻᡣ
ɳƽϾǸϽɲöǱԼ֮ŵĳˣԷ˵ô϶ıġ
ɳǸô죿ںֱӲˣһԣһʵʱѾˡ
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֮һˣΪɳƽͲСˣһЩ˵ĳ徢ͺݾ
ڵһһ䵽һ֮ǰǽɽ·һ
ϧûκηӦ
ɳƽüͷһšѵ˵һ֮ǰ·ѾȫˣܣԲܣԷô׵ؾóġ
ɳƽ˵ˣüͷšһɽ壬ϵɽ֮·
һԣѾżˣԥ˼֮ڹ˵ǽɰ䰡
УܾﻹʲôΣգɳƽ΢΢ҡҡͷ֪Լ±һ侲ġ
Ĭѹٴγɣؾʿˡ
΢΢ҡͷɳƽӻеȱݵİ
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Сһʵڱﲻסˣףɳƽȴ벻׵ġ
ɳƽ۾һԼĶͷķһ˵лӽ̻壡
ˣ齨֧ӣȥǵ·̽Ҫκε
ܿ죬֧ӱˣǿٵСĵɽ·ϣؼÿһĵط
ʱɳƽĶͷѾ˺ˮֲһѣƺԼʲôط
ͬģɳƽҲңûػĻ˵Ҫ˷Ѻܶʱġ
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Ұÿһ˵ࡣ
أ˿ʼе˫ȹڵأͶˡ
ЩԸͶģǶ׵һسȥǵĿбʮ϶ô׾군ģҪǵ˷²϶кùӳԵġ
Ͷ߲ɱͶߣɱ⣡ȥɳƽɫޱȣ˼
ţɳƽһĸļ˵Ǹسǽûȥȷ²˳һļˣûлšѾˣҪǱɱģ𣿡
ĸͷɳƽ˼Ѿǳˡ㲻Ҫسǽӵ˱Լˡ
ؾʿ·ɱ˵Ķħں׷űҪؾ
أһ΢ЩСӰΪҫ۵Ĵڡ
䣬ÿһιܹնɱһоʿ׷ɱʱĸǴ˶ԷȻúߵͬ齫²
СӺͰôֱɱǰԱһͬԡѪʿʵ֮͸¶һû˵˷ܡ
СӰһЦһ˫Ӷǰ߻ڿ񱼵ʿǣ˵ҶˣûбҪϾɱ˵ǾǲսĻ飡
ȥСӾͦ߰üһԺ϶ǰ;ŸǺߣˡսʿһЦСӰԱ߿˿
磬ʲôСӰʵ
ʿٺһЦҵıԼҲϲиţԺţҵŽ
⻹ǸְãǽⳡսҪúһģСӰһЦǰ˸Ȥˡ
˵꣬Ӱ˲ӿٶȣֱǰ˹ȥ
ʿһ㶣غʲô
ػͣԶԶأһƮ˹
ʿ˲ɵˣˣֱһͷԵڵϣ߶µ˵ءػͣҿⲻСϣ缸׷ȥСӣ
ܿ죬СػͷɱеϢ㴫ȷֱӴɳƽĶߡ
ɳƽϢͬʱ۾ͺˣҽֱӼǰȥ
ⲻǿЦӣΨһһӾȻȷУǳǰߵǸˣ
Ҫǳʲô鷳ǿ˲ˡ
ػ͵ĳ棬ɳƽĿ񱼣ټһ֪ػݵʿ׷ţؾȷ˼ΪȤһĻ
ȷһȥĵͷٵز뵽˵˵ߣȻ٣սǿûܹ⡣
ܿ죬ɳƽ׷ػͣһץסػ͵ļ򣬺ôˣΣգȥ
ɳ壬Ҹͬģػ͸Ҫһȥɳƽ˻Ц
ǰѾѪҺϴһ˶ɳƽֻ۷̣һҪˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôǾ;ޣһ޷š
ؾʤ
ɳƽȻסӣһץػ͵ۣһָ߾ͷϡ
һֹͣ˵һȺʿ׷ͣס
ؾʤ
֪˭˿ڣź
Ĵӣ¡¡
ؾʤ
ؾʤ
ʱȷѾ뵽һ֮ڣĲ֮ľ볬
һȷֻˣ
ˣԵ˼ʮĴܣ˲
ʱѾӹָӵһǰ˲ɵˣոҪȥȺļһɱֱۣȴص
ˣȷǺˡ
ؾѵ޵еĴ𣿡ˮ˳һشδƵĴ˵ڻһš
λͨ뱱ӵͨѶʹ˵ӵ£һѾƵˣسǽҲսˣǼսĻʧܶʿӵ¶ᡣ


641 С
Ħؾһı߽СǣͩϽĽңң
ĦʵּΪƫԶ֮أûʲôҪսԺͽͨ壬ճ棬ĵطӦýǳء
ĦΪǽǵ۹һƫԶ֮أûнͨϺ;ϵ壬ԲŲᱻǵ۹ĸ졣ҲΪĦǼǵ۹սҵһܻá
ԭĦǽǲǧ˵С򣬵ѵӣʮ꣬ĦǾʮӵ˵һС͵ĳǳء
ǵ۹ĸطڷ򶼻زĵطԭһֱӵΧ߽ͩ磬Ӷûɱפء
һֱӹĦǲűɾפأǳһзΰС
Ħʵ̫ûĿˣҲûʲôĿĹףһЩؾ컹ɴͰطˣеľȫ档
ǽʡ;ʵǮƣ͹°ĦǾķˡ
ûżСǳص˼ΪĦǾѾ˺ܳʱˣ룬ÿһи˵һԸ㺡
ҪǨĦǵľôҪĦǵľԼ롣ţؾΧĳзĦǵľǵѡġ
Ҳȷʵͬϣؾǵ۹Ժǵ۹ĳУٸķչ
𽥷ҵ͸Ħһ۵ıСǡĦǵľ֪ľ磬׷׾ټǨؾΧڵУ뵽˸ԣĳС
ĿǰĦǵľֻʣ²˵Ĺģˡפڴ˵صؾҲԭһˣٵǧ˵ĹģҪгʱĻĦҲͻʧǵ۹ʷС
һʵ̫Ȼû𣬵ѾĦǵÿһ䡣
Ħǵؾפ졪ʵǲܳǽġǧ˹ģľؾУֻУһġ
ǧؾǵ۹еĲˡĦǲûս£һЩӵΰûС
ԣǧؾУҲûµʿ̫ࡣ
ĵطؾճѵ;ǷǳæϸġճѵҪʱֱҪװ˵Ҫεؽѵ
ǧ˵ĽΪҹѲ߱Ƕʮ˹ģСѲߣҪĸÿʮ˴εڰڽ沼á
ЩֱӾ͸ʡˣҹѲ߼һ룬ʮ˴εѲСӣҿмϢ
ֻڣҲȫ
峿ѵҲĳ𴲣Ӧһ¾ˡ
ΪͳУ٣ޱҸġеפһǣĳеפҪԶĦǵפǸһ
⵹ΪĦ̫ˣ뿪ԶǻɽҰ룬ҲΪ㣬ؾ㱨棬Ҳͬ˾Ӫפھ
ĦǾѾˡЩҲͻˣߵϣǷ׷׸кҲһֱؾͳǴһƬ
ؾڵӵܱǸ߸ϵү
ȣϵĸʲôһææµµװ̲סʵ
ӻһ߳ߣĦѺӿǺģһˣгƺλΪϵ
Ŷԭ˰ⲻ׼ôҶӳȥԺ󣬾˵ôôãÿһ¾ʹҰҡҲ֪òײվȽŸȣǼ¼Ҵ뱲ӵһֱϹͷȡ
Цϵɲô˵ĦǵʱﻹǼ˵Ĺģ߹ˡǲߵĻٻʮģ׼Ҳˡʱϻ˭˵ߵĶԣϵҽ˹
ϵֵллˣˡǼҵĹأǺҹʱᶫټҰǨѾʰòˣ͵̫Ͼߡ
Ǻãϵףһ·˳簡
ϵڨԼĲӦǼˣϽȥ٣˵ѵ
뵽첽˲ٳ
ٳϣǧؾȷʵѾжˣǳõиؾѾû˸ؾһ־
ļȶѵֻҪתڲٳСܼȦѵˣȻøȥ
Ҫʱ򣬺Ȼһʿײײ˹

е㲻ͷ˵㿴㣬ʲôˣûһ˵ӣɵ㣬ʲô
ʿһ˵ˣϷдľӳ֣ǰڵĵǣѾǽϻˡ
ʲôԼĶ䡣
ĿǰؾԶڸһǺߵڣȻ˸Ҵؾ⣿
ûɣСǲǰεĶˣ˵ʲôҲţ֡
ûУ٣дĵ˳֡ǰڵֵǣڵľ޴˾ǵ˵ʵ̫ӴˡҹƣǰڵֵǶ˶ˡ
ʶ¼ԡ
Ͻ뵽һս״̬
ĦǵؾȻѵɳɵľʻڡһһսϾ֪ôˡ
ڸԵСӳָ£ؾɱ˾е⣬ؾ䱸ĸ߼еƽʱЩ߼еŵеľеҪ߻𣬿ɲģҲֻս״̬£óӦΣ
ú˾е΢΢˵ס
ƾЩǿĸ߼еԸûġҪ˭ôĵӣַؾĵ̣
滨СӣչСӾУǰͦ
ǧؾźͣϷͦ
ǰһʱ䣬͸оΪԶ˻Բ˹ģӡңؾǰеĻеѾûˡ
˵ǰھݵֵǣѾ׶༪ˡ
ãǰڵĻãϾݵ޽Ե˹ģĴӳʱҡʱĦǵĴ˸Ԯ
ڣǰھȻһ㶯Ҳûˣ֪ǰǷ˲Ԥ֪
뵽ͣ£ɳ򣬲̽һǰ浽ʲô
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Żž͸˹ű棺У٣²ãǰѾ˵ػǰڵֵܣʬ޴棬ʮ֮ڰ
һӱˡ
ôҲ벻ĦӲʺĵطӴо


642 ʹ
Ļ㱨ǲˮֵģؾĳǾϸѵģھżΪܵļжϡ
һѵǧΪλһ۾ܿǧ˽Ƶľ
ϣжϳ˽жȻ˽Ϊλжϳľӽơ
ʲôĵˣ֪ôʵ
ŨصĴϢУ٣Ѫˡ
ģһӳ˹ȵסҪǱĵˣпܴһ¾ͳˣ˲Ħǵľ
ѪľӾͲһˣԾ֣޴ľҲ¾ɾġ
뵽´죬Ͻ֪ͨĦǵоʲôҲҪˣϽĦǣ߾񣬱ܣǵĳ̫ԶˣᱻѪľ׷ϵġҪԭϻӵٽܣܵÿģͿԵ佫ĵ̣ᱣǵľġ
ȥ֪ͨĦǵľˡ
һȻǧĦפ
ֵǣ֪ô
еؾߺĦǣڣ
ãΪĦפαĦǵүǣֵܽáԵģǺԿԵѪӡˣĦѾͻᱻѪľ¾ɾǣ鷢ô
ܣ
ãֵǣǶѪԵĺӣܹͳǣһңƴ޹İգȻؾƴǵļˡʹǵļΪؾ֣ҲԸ߸̧ͷ­
𣡡еؾȫѪڣ߸߾еľе
ڣȫĦǽΣչ˵ȣһɲΥӴɱ⡣ǾսһˣֻҪĦǻһǾҪѪսף
ףڣ滨ĸ߼еҪסʮ˴εĲӳҲǲܵġοеĸ߼еǽҩ˼ͻᵯ
ʱ򣬾ֻѪ֮ԸѪƴˣ
ǧϳ뵽ĦǳϵλãųǽǧӾܵİսչ˵λãͻӺܶࡣ
ĦѾǻųһš
˵Ѫľӹˣе˶Ħǡ
ΪĦǱǼһĴڣĦǲû䱸͵Ĵؾ޷ͨԮġļ𣬻䱸ͨѶļֻܹϢ
һǵõĦǱϢؾԮҲҪʱ䡣
ѪľӣǲĦôʱġΨһģǾʱ䣬Ħǵľȡ㹻ĳʱ䡣
¡¡
оǽڲѪӴӿľҵĵ
ۿȥޱ޼ʵľӣһĦѹ
һޱ޼ʣʮǵء
ؾ˷·ǴңԶʣ޾ӿԼ
У٣ֵܱ棬Ѿ뵽֮ڣʾǷдһʾ
üͷ˵Ҫǵĵҩز㣬ȵ˿ٴע⣬һҪԼҩܹʱ䡣
ȥǰ۹תѪӡ
ѪӵٽܹǰѪʿˡ
Щһϸͨû̫𡣵һۿȥ͸о̫ͨ
ϣѪʿ˸оֲĸоݵģ˥һ壬Ѫ۾ͻ촽֮
˵Ѫ˾ѪΪͻΪҧͨ˵ĲϵĴѪѪġ
ǶѪĿ־УҲûеġ
ѪľӣΪʵӴеˣûаճĽ·ںΪǰ࣬Ȱѵ˵Чòϵ湥ӡ
Ѫĵ沿ӣֱӾͽ˵沿ӵܼͱӳ档
ۿһѪʿצİս˳
սҪʵս壬һָȨ
͵أս߸𣬴ȵ򣡡
СѾɢСӵУĦϵĸϣСӵӰ
ؾöеЧϡںͱ滨ʹãԳԶ󣬶滨һʵǵЧϡ
ѵǽ̿һѵ
ȻĦǵؾһʱûндģѵϣǱȽĬġ
һʱ䣬Ħǳγʮﳤۺǿ񱩴
һſڵѪܼбըĿİ׹⣬ֲĻ棬죬ڵΧԲʮɷΧȫҵ
ڹҴѪʿҲı滨ɸһ㡣
һ䣬ѪӾʧ롣ʣµʿֲĴɵƬ̣ȫͷˡ
ʱҪܹһٹԵ˵ɸ𺳣ϧҩز㣬ϧ´ֹͣ
һٵ꣬ѪľӸˡ
ѪĽҲôһ֮ǣҪʧĲ̫ˣᱩŭġ
ѪǱߵľϾ͹ˣϽӼᣬڹǵӪ˵
ӹرĳǳأǰ沿Ӹ峡ӪܹԷأȻӪͰй
ѪǰӪеˣΪĦǾ㲻ȥǿգҲѾɵˣûа·С¿ɺãһ棬һǧ˵ˡ
ڣǵûصĹ·ȥ
ۿѪľһǧؾһ취ûСҪĵطسǵԶкȥˡ
ĦǳǧؾפʲôԶ̵ػ߼еҲûС
ҪųڣһھѪľӺ˼ʮ
ֵǣעΣһҪԼľ棬Ҳֻ´޿κε
Ħھֳ룬ٶȣüֵڲܹ֤ĦǾȫ롣
ѪľӣҧгݰڼܺãʱѾǽӽʱˡѪľӸûг緹˼ӪոռܺãϾ´˹
ĦϵļʮսϣѪһŵڣѪ彫һ£һŭڵһĦǵĳϳǽϡ
ڲĦǳǽѪڱʹ£һ
ĦǱͲӷǽҲǲݲݽģڱڵĺ£ȫ߳˱ļ
ҪǣڷºؾսʿҲΪµļª˴ļԱѪһֱʹ֮£ؾսʿѪӪڻ֮¡


643 Ѫɫƻ
ѪĽ쿴ӪĴЧϵ´ֹͣǰӪĵ沿ӣϽг档
ղŻ˵Ѫ沿ӣԼҵӪѶԷĳǽĵֻˡ
˳ӣĦʮ淽ϣƼһĵ沿ӣʼĦǽг档
Ѫںļ϶һ²£սֵܾٶˣ˵ĸǸߴˡ
˵ֵУжˣѾͶ뵽սˡܹսľֻǧٶˡ
ݺһüͷԱ̧Уÿ˷ַһذס˭֪£ǲɱģַذ׸ԱǸһѡ񣬿ϵȥ
·һ¾еΪԱʣµƽÿ˵ĵҩҩ
ĦǵľѾˣֻҪֵƻ裬Ħǵľܹȫġ
ʱ棬˵˵ĵ沿ӣֿʼгˡ
ΧĵΣеսʿȫǣ淽ӭӵ˵ĳ档
ʵĦǵϳǣѾûгǽһ˵ˡ
ݲݴĳǽѪڵĺ£ѾòˣֻһЩԫϱڣܼ֤óǽ
ǧؾܿϳڿ͡
һأûаճͰ裬䱸ͣڶӾУ滨չǧؾǲ֧͵ġ
ԣֺͱ滨ּʹãڿһֳ͡
Ѫĵ沿ӿ˳ӭеؾһ۾мð˻ҽţؾ˹
򣡸ӺݺݵشֻҪоˣһֱӴ򣡡ףһֵķʮҪǴ˵оǵоؾĦǾͻȫݣ
ԣѾûбˣȫݣҲҪеĵҩȫ͸о
ںͱ滨ŭоܼͳӣںͱ滨֮£ɽƵķ׷׵¡
ǣѪĽҲˣͲˣԷֻǧ˵Ľƣܹ˳ǰͦùȥ
Ѿ˾еıƴҲԽıƴһųǿ߼еһӴľսϽҩĴƴ־Ʒʵıƴ
ؾѾûб뷨ˣѪľӣڳǿ֮£գۼǳɰǧġԷûнӵ˵ֻһѷǰ塣
ؾߵǣ˲ˣ
ܻʣٵҩ˫ԣ˭ȵӣ˭Ǿֲʧߣ
ڣѪĵ沿ӣڸǧսˡҲ֪ؾĵҩж٣ֻԷҪǮһ߼裬һ򲿶ʧС룬Ѿܲסѹˡ
ٳȥͿɹ˾ˣ⻹˵ã沿ӵĽ´˳˵
һ֧ˡ˳ˣϽеȫĦ嵱С
ٴεʧѪĽ챩ףϣѪӪõڻĦǵΪƽأ
أѪӪǲѪضĦǽҺˡһԪ궨󣬲ԪڵĿȫƽǾݵġ
һĿɨƽϵԪһĿٽлԵıͺ
ѪӪʼһִʱ򣬾ʣµؾﳷûǧ˵Ĳʧ̫󡣵ڴؾڻҲͽǧ˵Ĺģˡ
̫ѾƫˣĦǵľ񣬳ڻеģʣµĶѾĦǡ
ͨ뷨ؾʱӦȫ峷ʱˡǿһǧֵܣܹжģˣԱˣмٲܶԱʵûг뷨ˡ
ڻͣˣиܹʱˡ
ʱǳݣΪڻֹͣζŵ˵ĵ沿ϾҪչһֵĹˡ
ʣµЩˣԲڵ˵ĳҴġ
Щܹжؾ˵ֵǣ߰ɡǽֵ÷ǳɫؽҲ̧ܹͷ˵Ѿɫ񡣡
У٣أ
Щ˵ֵһ̣ҲΪĦ߳岻ݴǵ񣡡
У٣ǲߣȻѡ˸ֵͬǾǳȥҲҪ˳Цġ
ҪЩߣЩҴֵȴǲɣҪһսھĹСѪĵ沿ӣѾ˳档
ݼžеĦǣѪƳĳŽį
Χֵܣ̲סӯ
ãֵǣȻܴһҾʹһ·ɡ˵ĵԲõĶ̵زˣ
Ӧ׼İ˰׳ʿ˵ֵϧ
ֵܣ·
ǻֵܣ
Ű˰׳ʿѾһƬյصϳǣڿ˹ӵ͡
Ѫĳӣ־Ѿţż˱ӵؾѪľ˶Σһѷһĺؾ˹
СӰؾǰأѾûб˼ˡѪʿ֮ڣϾͰеڵȫȥ
ʣĵ裬ִεġڵСӵؾսʿϽһ٣˳˲õĽ
滨ССӵĿȱʣı滨Ҳͳͳ⣬ѧСӵӣҲ滨ľеˤ١
ս߸˺ѷεÿһʣؾĶĤǰ
˰ؾεĳӣƻһ˺̺Ѫ岿ӵС
ֻǰûкˣ
ǰԶٵˣֻǰһ·
սʿѪʿ෽ƴѪȾɳؾĲϳؾʣµҲԽԽ١
ĸ߼ѾͨѪ죬ĵڣҲ֪˶ȱڡ
ߵսʿһ£ΧѪʿͬˮһԴԴӿ˹
еһִδйƣǸϢʱˡ
ǱմȾѪս˲ϡ
һĨѪһΪ֮սϣ
һؾսʿºѪĴռĦǡ
ǵѪ彫ջ֣еؾսʿͷȫĦǵıͷҪѪĵ˿ѪľӶԿһʲôĺ
ֱƻʱ֣Ħؾ߳ϳǲŵ֪Ħ⵽Ѫҹ
ϳǿǰؾı׼䱸װĳǳأͨӰϳǵؾѾĦѾˣҼǧؾͷĦǵıͷϡ
ʱɳԮѾûκεˣϳؽűʹ飬ϱ˸ؾϽŵͳ˧ɳƽ
شսɳƽҲҵϽϱ


644 رɭϵ޳
ӵɳƽϱʱðɣɳƽϽ档
һ棬ͺɳƽ
ĦǹȻǲ۵һ̣ĵ˳¶ҲġĦûдʹ󣬳ǳ޽Ҳ̣Ҳ޷ָģΪʲôûиפͨѶģ
ҪͨѶĵĻϵϳǵؾͩפǲܴ˵оӦһ£ҲʹĦܵ˴ʧ
̿϶ǻ˵ģ˭޿ɷϡ
ɹؼǣΪָԱĵͼʧµеġ
ɳƽѵͷ̧Ħû䱸ͨѶĵ飬ɳƽ֪ġĦפ˹ģĲʱؾפͨѶĵģɺΪòôĲӣͰѴ󲿷ؾפˡ
Ϊ߼ƹͨѶģڳʱͨѶľͱˡ
ʣؾȻչ涨԰ȡͨѶģĦǾսµפҲˣû졣
ɳƽҲĦǳҪգҲûп䱸ͨѶġ˭֪Ȼô顣
ɳƽѵ⣬һҲûԹ޵˼ǾҪǴӴźãϾĦǵĲ¼Ϊͳ˧ɳƽ̡
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˭֪ܵһλãΧľ´䣬Χһеķ·ɲǼʧˡΧããһƬûֲָôţҪߵͬЩѵġ
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뵽һԾɵ˰յУɳ۵糸һ޳ǡ


646 սĸ
صǣѩɳƽ顣
ԼĦǺ޳̽õѩɳƽͨһ¡ٴĦؾĲңѩЩͲסˡ
žһӣѩɫŭѪҶؾ˺֣˳𲻱ʳѰ
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ҪȰοѩɳƽһ˼ӡ
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ǰŵؾսʿǲȡסġؾսʿͿгֵʱԸѾ赲Ѫսʿˡ
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ǵ͵ķֶսصʱ򾭳õֻԵİƶĶƵǿеء
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Ҫ֪ѪսʿϾǾϸѵľӣͳ񱩲ľӣֶƱػʮֲ̡
ǰ£Ѫսʿʶܸߡ
ôս˼άĶȥأ


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ЦѪˣһر˵ص㣬ǾǼѪһ˵صñȺǳµĵطбףǿƳ߷Ѫɫ߼˿ߣһţóͰסѪǰΡٺ١
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ֵĸ߼еˣɳƽʮָˣϾͰսõĸ߼е·ػƵؾС
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ô̵ʱܹóôװ˵ǵ۹Ƿ½ؽûеڶˡ
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˵ţڵӿȻֱӽЩСӴڰֱӴֵָ˳
ѵѪѪ¡ɫѿ˼㡣
ⲻһֺصĳӰˣҲѪ֮ǿĸԴرñһ˫۾ƥ
Ѫ¡ϵļ鴤ţЩСӿѪĴڣЩӱȳûа취ջأ˵һݾ޴ʧ
Ѫ¡ķӦУлһ̣ȻȻֱӽѪ۳һţȻˡ
໡Ѫ¡˷ӦͬǱȵβ͵Ķ񹷣ʹĺ
֤ԼĲ룬ͷ˵ѪǿΪЩСӣҿоһֶأЩȫնɱˣҽЩضɢѪĵϵĻǡ
˵ЦˣЦʮֿʣ·ѾūΪؾȷ档
ʵֲ̫ˣȻܹڵѪٴαȳѰصĻѪǡѪ¡Ȼ񣬿Դȴǲܿ뵽ڡ
ѪʷʱǷѪڲ⣬Ѫĸֱ߲ֶطȫնɱֻҪйϵһŹһΣѪʮ˱նɱˣŽѪڸǹȥ
һȴ˵ĻѪ¡òˡ
ߣҳǿַҾͷĻûãѪ¡˵ǰȻǵޱȵȻһС
ǵģУѪ¡Ѿȷ֪Լ޷սʤˡ
ѪǿֶαѪ֮еѪ棬Ѫ涼޷սʤǻʲôܹɵأ
ѾˣѪ¡Ķ֣޷˺
Ѫ¡ҸһӣҸʱ䣬ԻȥһؾľжǲôбҪϲЦݣͬǲõĻһ㡣
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Ѫ¡ŲϵţѪɫ۾ض޷սʤѪսʤˡҪϿǲ˶ԿѪռ
ֻںֱӳ棬ؾĦǹռһôǿվ޷һʮ˿ģҲܰˡ
˵أһסЩأѪ˵֣֮
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ˣûа취ΪѪδֻνʱѪĸ߲ͨ
㡭Ѫ¡ſͣȻ֪ʲôĻˡ
һЦѪ¡ˣ֪ԼøԷһ̨£㿪˵Ѫ¡ҽսԺлˣǼȥΣ
Ѫ¡Ȼɴ۾Ϊ˼ؿЦݣʼ޷̽鵽ǰ˵Ҫʲô
֮Ѫ¡ͷ΢ͳ˵ã
˵꣬Ѫ¡תߣֱӻصѪС
Ϊʲôˣ
Ѫ¡ոջȥ̲סؿʵһˣɲѪķ񰡡
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֮Ѫ¡㽫ӽ˸Լȿٵ޳Ǹȥ
ʮƻĴƺƵس˹ûȶ̱ؾԼ˻ȥˣ˵ս죬ЩѪʿǿˣѪ¡Ͳ˼Ķְ
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ǰǰûôأͰѶԷʰˣƨҷţ
ɲôţؽһֱ޵еģ
ˣǱˣߵ϶򵥣

ɵظѪĴؾʿȻЩɶͷԣôŶӮˡһʮµ飬ؾĳٴһ߶ȡ
벻һսͽɱʮѪʧܸˡ㣬ǻ㰡ǺһЦ˫ȥ


656 
һ·ϣÿһʿṧޱȵʩǻ΢ЦӦ
˲ãɳƽͷߣ˵̫ǿ˰ôģ
һЦҲش
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ѾˡЦе˵ҪѪ¡ˣ޷ҵѪܡ
нﻹа첻ɵ¶ʵ̫ˣȻôؾͽѪ¡㶨ˡɳƽȻûд˷֮аѳ˵üɫġ
ǰе㲻˼ˣε˵ɳȿȣҶ֪
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ɳƽ˲ưˣͨԼԴ˵Ŀɰ
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Ϊ̫ǿˣֱӽСӸûƢ˰ɳƽҲ˵ǱȻ顣һսܵĽ˻˱ˣûʲôķ˰ɡ
΢΢ҡͷüͷһ¡˵Ϊв
вɳƽɵˣ⵽ô£
㽫Ѫ¡̸֮˵һ飬ɳƽĿɿڴ
ҵ찡ѾǶ˵ǿȫѪŪڹ֮ˣɳƽ˫۵ɵϴ󣬼Ҫӵɳˡ
Ϣʵ̫бըˣһжȫַвѪ壬Ӷﵽһ̶ϵĿƶԷ
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ɳƽ侲֮󿪿˵˼ʱƳأץȥ֪ͨóغͳӵ
˭룬ڰ֣˵ˣѪʮְԵûмܹסġһѪ棬黹Լɡţȥչˣ⼸ȹ̷ͬʱ±ɡ
ɳƽӦ£뵽˳ȴûиϣҪȥء
Уһƫ·󷨺
ʶٴν뵽ڣֵһСĵطרŴѪ档
Ӵָͳһ룬һѪҺЩѪһȳ
뾧Ө͸ѪҺ֮ͨرѪҺһ¶ȡ
üͷϵ̽ЩѪʩչסһС޷ۿѪϸо
ѪʮСǿʵĻǻ뵽˯ļ״̬УԴʮ꣬һʵѪҺǱһ˲临ռѪҺҷֳţѪ濴ǵϵİϸоһ֮󣬱㰵뵽
ҪɱѪ棬кֻ֣ܶҪ͸ԼõģЧĶؾͿˡٶʵ̫ˣֶóࡣ
ⲻҪģҪǧѷĻᣬֱӿסѪĸ߲㣡
ȥǶͨϰգǲȥǵȨײ㣬ֻҪסȨײ㣬ʣµͺðˡ
ҵһԭϣܹ뵽ѪԴߣһڿЧܹ˵üͷԽԽˣҪʩչǻ˵ҪѰһרŵļû˵ԭϣǿǺѡ
ַǴӵϵĳЩС˵еУŴЩֻ֮һֽҩĶԱҪƵһĸ߲㣬ѶҪϺܶࡣ
ҲǴ֣Ѱһ·
һֺĳӣΪĸ棬ֳÿһȺֻ֮һĸ棬еӳжһĸ淢ȥеӳ涼ᰴһеȥִС
ܹĸĸõѪУǽо˵ķ֡
ĸϲĳӣѪ󣬲֪ǷһʲôЧأһЦ뵽˺Ȥһ
վֱӳ󷨣ĵطȥؾľרģЩø죬еĿҩеĿ̽⣬̽ų֮õ뷨ųֱ֮ôһš
طһζǺ硣
ζȷǹģӣȥ
ܿ˷ĵֱ֪ͨ˸߳١
ؽСĲ֪ˣˡһǰЦ˵
ͷڰ˵ҲҪһףе顣
˵СһߵȻСˣ˼ţְλõģҪǲ㣬㣬һ˼һˬֱӸأ
֪˵ĸûУҪһߣ˵
ĸ棿ĸ棿߶߶˵ţƺڻֳӡ
ϧоӼһˣûмǵʲôӽĸ档
Сûмǵʲôӽ֣ܸܲ˵˵ӵãӻ֡ҡҡͷ˵еʧ֮󣬸Ͻȡ
һҲǣӵк֣ܶÿطÿ˵Ľзһ˵ĸ滹ء
ֳÿȺֻһĸ棬ĸȫӳȥκ飬һձĳӵ룬ֱӼһ˵
߸ظһ飬֮Ȼٴֱתߣ
ˣҪ𿪿ѯʵʱ򣬸һһֹάؽ͵ϢŭүǸգһ˵ˣ
ŶĻǸȥɡȻصͷߵĺ˹ȥ
߽뵽һӴĳ֮УиָӣѺŴŸָĳӡ
ʶһɨЩӵȻн֣
̧ͷһƣˣЩӵǸžߵģӵȥӾ͵øŹȥΪ˭֪ʲôʱõԣ᲻ͨķݣרƵķ෨
үӽʲô֣һǰڷһž鼮ߣԱߵˡ
ү죬Ƕϣʲô治֪
ͷصȴšϵϿһĨȺ棬Ƕר־
ÿһѵõ֪ؾеģǺ˱ˡ
һȥɳƽ˵ҪĴ˵רŵ˲ţŹ
ʱȻһ
üͷһšĿ˲Ϭ


657 ˿
첽ϵߣʶһɨ㽫е鼮һ飬ͬüͷҲ
ϣôˣûҵ𣿡ԱߵǰʵǵһҪûа취æĻԺķչûкô
ϵɫѿЦŽޱȵˣε˵ĸȷǴڵģߵĽзǷʳ棬ֳʮټ仯ܶࡣ񡭡񼸺Ѿˡ
ţûʲôطʺֳӵ棿ģղŷ鼮ϼصʮûмֳӵӰҲûб˷֣һˡ
ϳĬʼȶԺеļ䣬ʲôطʺĸ档
ˣˣСʱʦ˵ʬĵطĸĴڣǵҪʳѪ⣡˿˵ֻ˿һֱûжϹµʬ塣һԴһ˵ļѾ׷ݵʦǸˡ
һϣһҲһټʮˣСʱǵһټʮˣ
ûпķӦ˳ԼĻ˵ȥؽǵ۹һֱսҲϵأ˿ӵȷУôࡣܾԶ˵˿Ӻôһ
Уʲôط۾˲ˣĻᰡܹסˣǶؾǵ۹˵Ǿ޴ʤ
ôԨ۹սһֱûֹͣĽ紦ôһ˿ӣҹõġ°˵רע
Ԩ۹뵽Ԩ۹֮Եֻǲǳ
ϣĸѰأܲʬϱ߷ɣЦһǹؼ
ϰڰ˵ҪǲĻԴСȥСĶ˽ࡣ
΢˼һ֮ͷ˵ðɣһȥһһЩҪֽһ¡
ֽ̲ңʲô龡ܷԸСľͺáϹ˵ؾеĵλȡҲǷĵĶ𾴡
еܲˣ˼ǰһһСĽš
̾ϢһЦ˵ϣ㺰ؽûκܲܲҪһһС˵Լˣϰؾ׼֮һôȫڲ尡
һ㶣ŸЦã˵Ȼˣӽˡ
϶ӡֱӸλȴϰףûʲôӣ߷緶Ѿ¾ģһҪ
ϣ㰲飬ھߣ˵ʱ䲻ˣľǾɣеĳ뽫ĲֵǮ
ͷԵ˵һЩע֮󣬱ֱ˴һ·ű߾ȥ
Ҫȥĵطڱ㴦һطԨ۹ǵ۹սսսǰÿ궼дʬ
ʬڵϴ˻ֲ鷳֮䶼ΪĬĻὫֵʬֱӵ˿УЩʬصһ˿ң
ĸ˲Ҫĸ˶пܳʲôݾͱʮҪˣõжԹҷֺܶõϢԣ˵һ˿ҲյĹޡ

ϳŴһֱ˿ӵĳУ֮ٶȿŷֱĿȥ
˿ïܵĴ֮УʱʱĻиָ޳֣ҲֱɢǿϢЩ޶ſڵϴҴһ¡
һ·ϣһֱֳֽ̽ӻһ飬һרŶԸѪã˾񣬽Ѿķһһ˵һ飬ٲ²еķӶ
Ϊֹ֪ԼľǶôȷʦҲǸǿְҵ
Ҳ֪ҵרôǿҲ±عףһٶ޵񽻸ҲظӣҪԼԴ̵֤ʱ
ھ˿ӻһر㽵ˣ˿֮ĵطʱܻеطڡ
ӴָͳӣһϺԼҲˡ
õֶȻҪãõж̽鵽ԼҪ飬ǾͲˡ
㿴˿еʬʵ̫ˣûзһ⣿Цݵ˵˿ӵԤĻҪúܶࡣ
üͷ˿ӿ˼ӣ˵˿ӵĴڿм˰ɣ˿ȴһֱڣһֱʵʬŽȥһֱû
ԣǾˣĹؼϰһæ޵ֿ˵˿û˵ʬΪĶв٣һֱĳȶ״̬
˶٣ϵЦŨˣĸʬΪΪԵĴڣֻҪһĸھͻĳӣʱ򣬱ҲΪĸĿ꣡Ҳ˵˿ֻĸһ֣
µٱҲˣһ˵жѾɹһ
ã̫ˣȻϾˣΧİȫ𣡡һЦһĵĺӣе㷢㶡
ѵ˾ؽؾվǸ˰
ڿԼεЦЦͷֱ˿ȥ
˿еζһӽʮɵʱܣסϢĻ㲻û˶ж
˿⣬Ӵָͳһöҩֱ׽±̷ȥ
ֱ֮Ծ뵽˿Уȵ䵽ʬϣһó̶Ȳͬʬ壬׼Ҳ̲סظŻһ
ΪؽһҪãһҧҪ
ʱڲ󷨣ȡĸ̫Ҫκεʧܡ
һ֮˸Χһиʲô紵ݶӹǿޱȵʶ̽顣
ֳһʶ﷭һ߾߶ĵ׵ʬ壬ûۼĶҪˣҲ֪ϳ˶ôѹ
˲ţĹؾ˵ĪҰ̲סصͷؾܹ֮ߵĵزٲ˵˽׵ġ
ۿסĲϵطʬ壬Ҫȥǰæʱ۾ȴȻ
Ԩ۹ķ
ˢˢˢ
ϸһƣȻһСӵԨˣɫҴңţƺʲôɼ˵顣
ǽķþ˿ӡ
˿жѻŵȫǱʬ壬ЩԨʱ˿ӿ²Լѵʬġ
ټԨ۹ǵ۹֮ĽŹϵԨ۹˿ӾԲǺ¶
񽥽ЩʲôģҪȥһܣ
漴֮мһش󣬱ϵİȫ
ţʧԭء


658 
ƾ󷨣ڰ֮У·һС
ǶΪĺɫӣԨ˵صһɫһ˫˫۾תţ֪ٴʲô⡣
Ԩˣǵʲôģ̽һ°ɣһ䣬˫ַ˼£һǵıؾ֮·ϡ
µĻǽ˿ӵλǰˣǽ뵽֮һܹ˿ӣֻǼٵ˿Ӱˡ
ܿ죬ЩԨ˱㷢˿ӣСˣ·ںʲôһ
ԨԽСĽеɻԽǵҪʲô
ӳ˿ӵˣǻǿȻ뿪ɣܵǣһԨ˿˵ϵĽû˿Ρ
ǸӳĸߴԨһ̧ۿ˿ǰ˿ӣ˵ҪģֻҪǽӶ˿Уߺߣ˾͵ùˣ
ٺ٣ӿʮİһ뵽ڣٵƻȾ»ڶʱʧ񡣡
ˣҪϻˣץ뿪Ƕӳֹ֣ļ
һ˳սзɢؿܣǶӳǴӴָͳһµĺɫƿƿɫͿװʲô
ϣһܹԨ۹վɣؾʵ̫ˣԭҵɣӳ˵ǵͳҲܹó뵽һּ尾֮С
ֶһֲȥּΧսеǰˣڸͲսƽ׵ɱô޹ˣ˭ֻҪеģͻھεġ
ھιھΣ黹ҪģϾ˫ڲ֮ͬڡ
ӳСؽƿǴ򿪣ֱӽɫƿ˳ȥ
ܣҪͷӳغϵľѾ¶
üͷһ壬֪ǺɫƿеĶԲôˡ
ͺһӳƿֱӰסƿûĶɢ
ʶһ̽ɫȻ䣬һɾŭ
ɫƿʢװһֽݵӣʮְԵѰֲﲻͬǵӪʳϲеģѪ⣡
˵Ѫ⣬ǻѪ⣬ֻѪܹǿٵһԭפĵطѪⱻĸɾˣǾͻѭѪζȺܼĵطȥ
һʳԵݽ뵽ǵ۹治֪˰
ǳ鴤ˣüһԨ۹ǵĿɹݵģ
ˢһӣʧԭأֱһСԨ˵ԡ
žžž
һһֱӽǰ˸˵Сȫ߷ˣȻصˤڵϡ
ߣȻǵ۹ҿĲˡ˵дһɱ̹ǵ
Ԩ˶ӳһվŵǸһɤӣкŶֱȥƺ˸ղαһ߷˵ġ
мغһֱֶȥһ󣬽ȫס
еĺɫƿ̧еİ˵һĻᣬ˭ģʲôĿģҾͰƿӶ֮С
㡭˭
ҪҪǻģ
ұ죡
Ԩ˶ӳŭһǰһзʵ̫ˣûü׼Ҳ֪ǰ̫ǿ󣬸Ͳܹġ
Ƕʲô㲻Ѿ֪𣿡Ԩ˶ӳĬһ£ſ˵Ѿ׼ˡ
۽һ˵ǹĿ࿴ˡ
ͷһ˵˵ɣ˭ġǾͶɣ
ߣҪǵ׳ϢȥɣعԨ˶ӳغֵź
⵽ĶԱڶӳ֮ȻĿֻź;·Ѿˡ
ţԨ˶ӳɫһ죬һɺɫѪˮ˳䵽֮󻹽ʴһƬ
ҩǹҵģ˭ҪţԸһġ˵ӳǹĵģܿϧӲˡ
ԼСԱûȫɾ֮ǰˣ˭ܱ֤˲أ
ʱ˸лûгԶҩֻʣˣ
ֿѾ˵ͬ飬϶һ˿
㡭ΪʲôûгԶҩһ˿ʵϵľѾԹҵҳϳ̶ȡ
һЦһ㲻Ҳûʲôʸң
͵ЦŸҪٿ˵ʱȴͬѾԼߡ
һ̣һѳȻ䣬ͷ­߸𡭡
⾫ʵһĻƣ͵˵ĺ
Ķֺõ飬ϥ˵Ұ֪鶼㣬ҿ𣿡
ͷû⣡
˵صͷ˵ҹˣؾѹҹ̫ˣ˵ǸѾصǵ۹ȥѰԮˣҹ뵽һְ취ԼԨ۹ѹСࡣ
ĬȻ֪ǰ֮˵ĻǼٵģֻû뵽ԼԨ۹ؾȻҲΪô鷳
˲𣿡˶٣ٴο˵
룬ڣûˣ鲻ǷʲôطǼˣҪӵļ˱ǿţҲ˻ˮģ
ҹ
ñһ˵ðɣȻҹֻܸһݴˣ
˵꣬һУеԨӰˣڻҵʱȻúе֮û˸о
Ҫȥһ£Ԩ˷ΧѾʧˡԨ˴ϲŻվǰϹһ뿪ˡ
һţԨһ߻ͷᷴڣֱܳȥ㹻ԶԨ˲ŰһߣֻһˣһĽˡ
ʱվԭһĨпЦݡһɫƿѾǿտҲ
ҹҲǾֻʳˣָƽ̣ܲڲò
裬ÿһ嶼ҪһΪ˱ֻܹĺһˡ
һ֪Ǹ񱼻ȥԨ˻ɶôôԨ˴־壬ؾĴϢʱ䡣
óͨѶ뻹Ԩ۹ĺϵһ֮زҪҪκֻҪȴµʱȥˣʱݱԶûˡ
ڳôһ飬ĺǿЦãʲôʱ
ֻظһ仰ͳһǣ
ͳһ壿ĺ͵ʱɵˣ۰Ͱ͵ؿҵͨѶþõز
κĺ´Ϊڵķ׼


659 ʬ
ʰԨССĲ֮Ŀ»ص˿æŵϡ
Ѿʬ壬ʬӲڳؿӶҺΪҲͣҪȻ治һܹܵסѹ
ϣôˣһţһΧ˼㣬ֻҪ˿ᱻ֪
ֶһʬ壬̾Ϣһüͷ۳һɽ壬˵Ǻֹ۰ȷĸĺۼѾЩͷˣҪҵĻֻˡ
ң
ֱ飬ôʬ忴Ŷ˵ˣҪЩһʬ壡
Цһ˵ĸʬʲôصҲһҰɣǵʱ䲻ࡣ
һҲǣѰܱһҪ찡ͷ˵ĸʬϻзǳԵĺɫߵ㣬ɫߵΧСָϸСйģֻҪ˱ܹ
ͷʾԼˣҲ뵽Ѱ֮С
ŽЩĵʬ壬üͷһ壬ûǰһһİῪʬѰңԼױȵǿʶѰ
ʶ˿Ӷÿһ䶼Ź
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ϣл˵޷Щżˣһһذʱûˣʵûī
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ˣɸʲôȥҳʽأ
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һϲſ˵Լʶǿпҳ飬ǧε֮ųɹһΣһ֪Ϊʲôȫǽңͷ˭ܹôǿʶѣʵ̫ˣûа취
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ȷǴĺܣֿ֣ҳΪҪ棬ҳֱѪĸ棬γɾֳ߱ı仯塣
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֮Уȫעؿƿϵ鵭ƽһԵʱϲʱţʱǳʱ̾Ϣĺòڡ
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Ӣ۱಻ǲˣųɹԽԽˣҡͷԼѾԿȥ᳡ˡ


661 ڴ
߳ҵʱѾǵڶˣһؿеƿ˷ܵеӡ
ؽ벻淽֮ߣޱȰϵ˵ųݵĻ۾ȴʼնеƿ
һЦ˵ϣͲҪٿˣû֪ʶָĻǲġܹҲ֪˷Ѷʱ䡣
˶٣ǿ˵ϣȫ̲飬ԼİȫҪģ鲻Ҫһ֡
ͷ˵ԼףⲻǷϻҪ˵ȥ˵ȴľֻǱɱ
һ·˳йڽűսɳƽ˵ɳҲæˣѪϽˡ
ӣɳƽǲʵѵҵʲô𣿲ôˣ
ɳƽҲǸ֮ǰҲ֪뷨ʼվǲǸ׵¶ҪôĻΪʲôôûȥأ
ϧɳƽ֪ǰѾˣѪʧϡ
֣˶뵽УȻӴָнһѪ˳˵ǾǸѪ棬Ӧýĸҳ棬ʲôνҪЧ
˶ɴ۾ȴ֣Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ֱѪܵԣſͣһСĸҳţ͡
˴۵С۵ؿǰѪܣĬĬصȴš
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λһһ˵ţǼƺ޲ԼµɱС
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662 ˵
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⣬ĸҳѾԳɹĽѪȻٵռÿһ䣬ԭѪɵԼĺ
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ԼԵıȱһץסˣѪԼֵ͹ʵҪ֪ѪԵһ֮ȫԽһеɽƬ
ڡ


663 Ű
Լĺǿ𣿡
ǺһĨЦݣȴ˸ž˵ɱ
ֱǰѪԾһͷѱҰƢĺܣҪʰʵľѹơ
ΪֻþԵʵѹƲŻöԷ־壬һĵ˿־壬Ǻߵͺˡ
Ҫ̫ţŸոտʼѪһ˫־Ǹչ
εʼ򣬼ȻǾͰˬɣ
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ĸһĭǿѹ˵£Ѫ¡ѪԽߣ޳ǵһڸҲһȱ
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˭룬ѪħͷѵĺܣȻҡҡͷ˵Ū֮ǰҪ׶֣ô˵ǶǵľӣѪ֮ˣ
ĸͷ漴ȥֻһֱһɿ־壬֪鵽ηģ뵽ǰ飬ѪҪˣҪˣ
ʱ˿̣Ѿߵ˵۶Ѫǵĳſڣޱȵĳţͷ˵̵ֶѾ뵽ʦ˰

һ󼱴ٵĽŲ˹ӳھǳһȫװʿɷͽ˸Χ
һȺˣ̲סҡҡͷЦ˵Ѫħѵң
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ͬҰްŭ֮ΧĵӲѹȥ˰˸ߡ
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ԺҵĳǳأҪ̫ƻⲻģȻ˵ѪħҪˡ
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ĽǰҲ˱һĨЦݣԴ΢΢һŤޱȵضܹѪħĹ
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˫ȭ˫ܼͬĹĵһ㲻ϵػԴϣѪħԽԽǾȣܹĿġɵĹ֮ȴȭͷˣ
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Ҫɱ㣡ѪħһѾŭˡ
ǵЦ·СӴܡ


668 Ѫ
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ɣҽղսһȵգһūţЦţЦ۶˵ࡣ


669 Զ
˭û뵽Ѫħײغ˴ĸҳ棬Щ֪ʵǿһֱڰ﷢չûбһֱˣץס˻һٱסѪħ塣
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һŭѪ˶ѪħطԼĻʵۣѪħΪ롣
Ѫħ¶һĨɵ飬³һϢ˵ˣҸæԼɣѾˡ
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ˣЩͲҪˣѪҪս׼һʱؾܻᷢսʱҪǵİƽ˵ûʲôֺΪԺ·岻һֱ¾սǱزٵġ
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ˣͨѶţϵá⣬һȥ֮ͻǲ󽫹ϸһĺţ˵ž޴ĺôӾµϵĺȫչ˰˵ȴņ̀˼֡
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֪϶ЩԪӤڵϼһ֮ѪħĴѾǶĸˡ
Ϊʲô˵ּį˰Цҡҡͷڿն
ʮ⣬Ѫ¡ѪڿӭĻع飬һʵսǶˡҲöˣϾǿĻʵ۶ûƢˣοһȺСô
飬Ƕ֪˰ɣЦеʵõĽ취ԼҾͿԳΪսһ𱳿սˡ
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ţһҴ˲ֻܶ࣬λ󽫣ټһЩѪӡѡЩǿʣȫ޳ǲţʲôʲôǻʵǲ޳ǵľӵģͷ㽫
޳ǣѪħ붼ȥˣ޳ϻѪĵ̣ʵѾؾĵˡ޳פʮ˼ˣ޳ǵĹԴë
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ѪԣѪ¡ķˣȻְ׳յĻæ˵Ը磬ԺҪֻɵؽؽĻǶӣ˵ܹڵվס
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⵹е㲻ˣǸϲȽڵˣɴֱӽĸҳѹøŵõ˰
ĸҳȷǹģȻܹɹĽôѪ˿סţԺҪСĸ棬ʹãܹõİѪˡ뵽ĸҳĿǰֻһֻĸϣעǸµһֱͣġ
ԣ뿪ʱоҪƿĸ档ĸһ˵ϣֻܶĲȷԣָҡŪСĸ棬СĸоԵƿȨЩСĸܹƿסĸҳ棬γһֽ׼Եѹơ
ѪЩ߲ʿҲĴ㣬лҪѪ¡ȥһˣЩֱ߲סˣѱ˼
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ˣĻܺãֻжٻЩסϾһķչһֶǸıһˡ
֪Ѫ壬ΪˣǵĳͷٲˣĽֳûеڶѡˡǸǵӣܹõĴȥ
ôҲһе壬Ȼʱ仹кܾãôˣҸУȻҪģй⣬޲ͼӿŲƵһ߷ȥ
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⸱ģɻʵѪ¡㲻Ҫң޳ǵ涼˰ɣ
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ѪԽǰȺǱ˽ӦģΪ׵һСӳ˵߰ͷ­ǰѾʹزˡ
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ΪճǿĴ򷨣Ӧȴ򶫻ӣȻʰӡ
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Ҳ˵ڶӱ߾ǿ϶ҪʵʩģһԼߵıͻ顣
ҪԸӣǱһأֱԱϲΧѵѡ񡣶ǸطƿڷҪСƫ࣬פɢڴģķս
ûгԮӣϲһڵСҲزסġȻԾͷؾһЩ͵ĳΪݵ㣬ֿؾĽ
ҲǼ֮һλķԣϾᵽеľ裺˵ҰڣùսԿռؾʿʣ
λЦԼǡؾͣܿ⡣ֻвؾľʿ֮£п֮һϸ¡ؾΪܹ֮ͨ͵Ĵʣڶʱڼ̫ľеװǵľڣûĴġ
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Ҫһλһ⡣
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ΪڲؾҲΪͨؾΪУɳһ֧ӣװؾȥͨһЩɱӵ顣
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ȻеıӾȫ룬һЩݵľʩҲƻˡеľе⣬⣬Ӧʴⶼһա
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ÿСǳأһǧ˵Ĳӷʣµľ͸ǰ
ʮСǳأߵĲʣ˾ˡһգȻӵһõϢؾĳȻصϰոˡ
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һֿ֧뷨űӵĽ軹ûʱͻȻĿ֮£Լٺܶ
һֿ෴ģһΪĿǰؾǳƣͣװҲһ͵ĶʮĻսؾҪֱ嵽ϽأһҪĵطڡ
ڵʮָӣݳ鱨Ȼֻشûرߵ·;ΧľǳʺϷ
ҪóȻڣŪûԴģˣֱ嵽ϽأеװģҲһж
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ƻѾȷˣһͶƱģܷʲô鶼ٷˣҪȻᵼ¾Ĳȶε뵽ûа취顣
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ˣҪȥ黹ǵģҡҡͷѵЩ߰뷨
ʱ䣬ؾһ֮ٴοȥ򱱻ӵĳСЩģǼʱزһЩúһЩ֧Ԯ
ʮĵǲҪʱģľȴİѱӵĵ̲ʳ
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Ƭ̣ͷ˵ˣ֪ˣֲȥ̽ɣ̽һЩӵľӵ񱱻ӿ϶ϱκˣҪֵǶעⰲȫ
л뽫ģӳͷһȣս֮УӵֵǮģΪԶսڵһߵģ˭֪һ̻᲻Լȥ
ʱܹǵôһ䣬Ѿеˡ
ʩһ񣬳ſٵȥˣ¶ҪԼ飬ؽǽѡ
·ǸһɳƽӰԣüͷѾ
ϸؿŵͼͳ˵㿴·Χ´ӵĵطɼȥ̽飬Ҳжô̫ˣԷȫԷųȥȻȳ뿪ٽȥ˵оؽֱնɱ
նɱûʲôôɣɳƽһ㶣˼
ҡҡͷһ˫۾һĨɬ˵ôܶ࣬ǼǰǾͿǣΪǵĴܴоǵв̫󣻿ǲǰ˵ãΪиĻ׼ǡ
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ѵΣվ̽һ°ɣΣյʱһ·ͺá뵽ҲǱһɡ
һǰ˴Լ·ʲôûз֣ǿʶֱӽΧ
ܹһЩӵİڣǶصĺܺãżߵķˮƽǿΪĻͲ׷֡
ﲼٵİڣȷЩġһתƣ²⵽˶ֵĿԡ
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Ϊ΢Щŵ˼ӿζû뵽֮ǰʹһĲԾȻá
ǰжʮѾ뵽·֮Уɽߵ߷顣
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˵ҲԣϢȥ𣿱˵

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һĻĻǿʶ׽ˣȻ뵽һķӡ
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ڵĹŴʷУ˵ͣƾԼ粻ܹ֮ı仯һҵĵ·
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ãȻңɱʹ죡󣡡͵һգӲޱȵȭͷǰһӣ

·پͬʱӦŰնпٵر任ΣΪһѷƥı
Цһֱλã˫Ȼһ̧費ͣúһɫ⻪ɫ⻪ӿֱӽ˶˽
ʩչĶΧ󷨡ʯֻҪ̫ǿʵһ㹥Ϻ顣
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ؾʿ֪ޱȣʵƥûмʩչĴֶΡ
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˱׵ƵǵҪƿҲú£ΪѾ㹻ʱȥնɱ֣
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ܿ죬ǧ˶Ҫؾˣһֱ֪ؾߺܺãԴ²ͶʿҲûʲôӡ
ЩʿȻûһ뿪ЩԾǰץͶʿҪôˣҪôؾˣܹȫʱ
ˣѡǣǵڿʼǾؾǴؾһУ˵һӣһɫ⻪뵽ǧ˵Ժ֮С
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ףɡôģٶڿЦɣɳƽʵǲԼĶ䣬ǰľ壬ûд
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˸ûбֵ״壬ͷӼǰȥ
ÿһ·̣ͻᶪȥ״壬ָɵ״ıʿ
һʱ֮Ƭأе״Ҳøɾˡ
ôһطӾͲʮǹݵİ˵˫кâһ
˶٣ȴһЦðɣҾˬһΰɣұ
䡭
ϵıըУ֮ǰ״ıըţ֪ôµıӴը߻ء
һĲҽûڻ֮УǱ˵˼ٴð˳ЩĿɶ˰
ǶΪģһסǵĹףε˵նɱκһˣΪͬͬԴһˣͻһδǿߡ
Խ࣬˵ʧͻԽ
۹ۣǻᶨȥ
е״嶼ը֮ĬĬصͷת뿪


678 
ʱ˿̣ӵĴѾҳһƬǲ׵ʲôܹôضըѰһЩĶʱɵˣΪͲʶʲô
±һӶ֪ⶫųûõĶʱը
֮תĹɣϵĶʱըõֻõʱ͵ص㲻һˡ
صפأɫĮظɳƽȼǺ棬޲øղžߣӰһж
ųȥȥ̽һ±ӾӵĶ򡣡üͷһһֱѹͷĳظоȻʧˡ
ѵΪԼôһըӾͺ˲ɣ
ĳɢȥƬζˣÿ߻רһÿһӱҪͻһϢ
רҪģΪľǸõϢ
ʱڣ⺣Ϣˡ
ӾȻˣˣʱЦɱнҪİ
ӼפؾӵĻ϶˼ҼȻѾˣǻʲôµģ
ؾĿǰȻҪŻץǰ棬·в˵
ãọ̈̄ǰУ·죡죡죡
΢˼һ£´о
ʱؾ˳ͨһƬذӪկȴ֮ǰҪԮ
ڶգ˳Ľ˵Ķʮؾټǧʿǡʮ
ֵǣȴȥúкһ±ӣ۸ߺսⰺʮؾ򱱷

һǰӪ棬ǰӪѾִϪǰλá
ӪկǰӪʾһš
ͨо·ǰӪѾӽĿ꣬ѾΪȷ濪·񣬸ĴפĵλþͿԷųϸ˽з¶̬ˡ
˼һ£ǰӪҪųôפĵλú󣬲ҪϪǷ򣬶Ǹĵ顣
ؾڽЩ⡣
ϪѾǰϿϪµĵ̬ƣоԷ·ȥϪǸµؾĿЩϰ
ЦŸҽͣؾĿȻϪǵʮӰսֵģȴþϪǳڵפ
յ˫װĶԱȣսʿսĶԱȣϪǣؾûʲôѹġ
ؾʮϪʮפĵֿҪﵽԤڵսĿ꣬ȻҪϪΧġ
ûκεͻ£ؾϪǣҲʱϵ⡣
ؾ߸ͽӵĵ̣ʦϮԶҪرעܷͻ
ֵܳͻϪڱΧ֮ĳϳִԮ
ϪǵıǱӵĵ̣пܳԭԮķ򣬶࣬Ǿؾµĵ̾ĵطӦĵطפؾвǲԮϪǵġ
ԣʵľҪϪķϡ
ֻҪܹȷ򲻻дľӳֻ֣ԱһԮؾǴ´ġ
ڽˣɵ̾ıԶǡ
ǰӪõλãʮν뵽ָλãϪһλãӪկʱ׼Ϫǡ
ֵǣϪĳ򣬻ı漸ǧƪһɵģǾϪķԲûκε쳣
˲üͷûκε쳣൱쳣
ؾʮѾϪǳˣϪǵؾϹӣҲˡؾϪؾȻܹУκεķƴʩǾǼ˹ˡ
£ʮصĵ飬ҪܱߵѾԮġ
ܱߵѾǲܹԮҲҪڳһʱԮӡͻöԷоΧʱвԼѹӶò׼
ڣϪǶԳԮ޶ϪѵýһԮܿסʮؾĳ
뷨˵ţžϪؾҲŵġ
еľ񽻸µĽ죬ǲһҪԼԺ˵׵֮ԼĳؾӪϪķ߹ȥ
Ϫǵĸ͵͵۲Ϫǵؾ㱨һûκε쳣
۲һ磬ϪǵȻûж
̫ˣ
ʮѹǷȻѲ߶Ӷɣ
ŻɣϪͣͣһֱȥһٶ˵Աˣһֻûš
ԣоʵ̫ˡ
ֻصϪǲԶλá⣬ţˣϪǾȫķ£
ʱһȥˣһֱȻһ
ɫڣŻƻʱһȻ䣬ʶиоһĲ
һӾϪǵǣȴȻʲôҲ
ǣʶиоǹɲȴԽԽˡ
Ա۾Լǿʶͷųȥ
Ȼǿƶ󷨣
̽ľ
һ˵ȱݾ̶ԡ󷨣ǹ̶޷ƶ֮ڵġ
󷨿Ա仯󷨵Ĺ̶ʯǲɸıġҲһЩ󷨴ʦ󷨻ʯģͿγ󷨣ȴҪ󼫸ߵġ
ǾΪ󷨵ꡪ󷨻ʯҪǼߵġǼˣʮϰˣµ󷨸̶ûʲôֻҪ󷨻ʯƣӦĴҲͻ߽⡣
һֲȷأܵӰ죬һΪ󷨻ʯ䣬ôܵӰĻ
⵽ƶ󷨣Ϊ󷨻ʯ󷨡еһ֮ͨǾ󷨻ʯȹ̣󷨱ֳȶԺԽǿ
󷨣ûʲô̫ĵطֻҪǴʦˮ׼ܲóΪ󷨻ʯܹΪ󷨻ʯˮƽѾǳʦˮ׼
һϪǳ󷨣һˣǸ첻ġ
ʶǿڲҲǸо΢΢ĲҪΪ¾ͻԵ󷨡
󷨵ϵ¼ߣãܹо󷨡
ƶ󷨲ͬΪǿõ󷨸ǿҪҲߡҲΪʵ̫ǿˣԶԶسеˮƽ
ڣ󷨳֣϶мԭġ
ʱûжƶ󷨷ųȥԶԼʶס
ͨ̽飬һСӹģ󷨴Ҵ߸·ȵǣСӣһֱٶͣˡ
оСӰˣжӦǵطˡ
һ˲䵽СӲʮɵľ롣СűӾӵķΣǰ治Զһת䴦һξͲˡ
ǳϣΧûκεϰСôͻһת۾Ͳأ


679 Ŀ
ͷųѾջصǿʶϸһ֪ΧȻһ޴
Ϊǹ̶ģ΢ڸղջʶԲûбо
󣬰ĹƣܹʮģĴ
нңľϣģĴڼؾζʲô붼¡
ڣҪȥЩϪǵʿҪʲô
֪ȻԷôԶľ϶С΢ôеĲȻʮܵġûż룬Ǽʶ̽ΧһС
ʶУڰȫʾ
ĽӽһڣһȭͰڸɵˡʩչ仯ڵӡ
ʱڵ˻ڵʱһİڹлڣıİڣǱ뵽С
һᣬʩչ
Ǻˮ۹һţжʮ˵Ĺģһ·飬ҵЩϪǹʿټ
ЩϪʿֱӾ͸ˮ۹ŵͳ˧棬Ϫǵˡ
ʮؾʦϣӾͶϪǵĻսϸݺı
ʱ򣬺ˮ۹ֱӵʮЭϪǣϪԭеʮ򱱻Ӿӣʮ򲿶ӡ
ľӱȣؾһعսǲԿġ
˼ãĹսƴĵģؾɵĴܴ
ͨһսϵĸĶܹ׻ʮؾ
Ϫǵʿͺˮ۹ͳ˧̸֪Ϫʮؾ涥סؾĽ
սľϪؾƾǷؾķԺؾʮ¡
ʱˮ۹ĴоԳԣʱ˶ؾıͻʩɱ֣
һؾͻ뵽ܵеľء
ںˮ۹ֵͬʱϪҲ֯Ĳӽз˫ش£ؾĸ߼Զ̾еͻɥʧƣֻܱת沿Ӿս
ǱսʽΪܹӳӺͺˮ۹ϵľ޴ơ
ţڶһľ޴£ؾصսúһ㣬ܻȫؾ
ò˵ӵƻʮֶ񶾣Һпɲԡ
עеϪǵ鷽ԼԹ飬Сӣƻܹؾڹġ
ֱ£ؾ͹ϪǣͻȻһֻʮĴ񹥻ؾʱתڿڵʱ䶼ûС»ûȵ׼͵úͱĺˮ۹ս
ʱϪǾٳ񡭡
Һãƻһֲ©ȫ͵ˡ
ģȵЩϪǵʿˣһֱ͵͵ںˮ۹ͳ˧
ȵϪǵʿˮ۹ͳ˧ԼĽ쿪ᣬоƶӦľ¼ƻ
λͳ˧Ҳʮֽģˮ۹ľҲؾԹٿмڴˣλͳ˧ڽ͵Ϯǰ£˱صϮ
ˮ۹ĹǣѶʮֳ֣һͷӣΪʮˣʮԤӡ
ǰ˳ܹͻؾߵʱ򣬰Ԥȥоս
һͷӹԤӾΪӦӣӦͷӻسϪôͲԼҪĵˡ
ƻͷ˵֪˵˵սֻҪӦĵˣˮ۹ͳ˧İţ岿ӵԺܺãɹ˿ء
Ҫؾ֧ˮ۹ľӣȻǲµġؾ֧ӵʱ򣬻Ϫʮӻڲࡣ
ҪǲѸºˮ۹֧ӣ뵽֣вԤ鷢
μס˺ˮ۹еľ°ţĶһŵͷӵһСУ١
УٺܿλֿˣصԼס
ϸ۲һΧоûаеĸڣһסУ١
ÿסУ١
ûаУȫԼĿܣǰУٵļ䱣УٵļԼǿӡǡʲôҪУٶԼУµͨѶԼѶϢ
һУ͵͵뿪˺ˮ۹Ĵפء
صӪڽ춼ǰʺȴ֣һԲԼԼסӪ
ڽûһڴս֮ǰǺԸڽһ۵飬ս
ڽǣڵڶľ»ϣֱֱڽе˼
ʮؾֳԤӣֱӲ򱱷ķ򣬿ͼӦԤԱıԮɽİž͸㲻ˣϪ࣬ʮ򣬶ı
ڽôҲ벻ͨİŵʲô⡣ɽڽĿɿڴɺΧ֮ԭش
ʲôҪôʹһжҪôɺΧϽне㷸бļɻ䰡
ȴûиڽκεĽͣˣϾͻصԼӪˡ
ڽΣֻðİŶϪ˺Χ
ʵڵȴڻصؾӪ֮󷽵ؾʮҹоϪǡ֧ϪλפȺ
ʵϣҪĿѡ˺ˮ۹֧ӡӸһӣȻԷһȻټбϪǡ
ȰϪǺΧΪ֪˱ӵսƻлǲóóȻġ
ֹĺΧе֮ӵ˺ԮؾѶϢѾָλãָʾ
֧ؾһҪغԼ٣һҪȫһеȺ
źؾԮӣϰڽټͨԼ֪鱨˵ԼĴ㣬ҪѺˮ۹֧ӻȻϪǡ
ڽΪʲôİš
еĺΧӰĹ·ʵڻеĲҪϵ׼ǽеķأҪϪǡ
ͬʱλõԤӣ£ΪԤפ
սƻڽҲûʣⳡĺΧйսڴˡ
ϪܵĸؾڵҹϪؽձӵҪڵһʱڣͨ˺ˮ۹ľӡ
ͬʱҲӵǸԼÿƵУٵѶϢˮ۹ĴƶսƻӪկϪǷ˶
ϪǵؾϷֳؾķ÷׼ԤӣƶȺʱӦӭеؾ
Ԯؾǰʮ־ĬϪǷõλãӵҪϧһд͹ˡ
Ϫǵܱߣӵ˶ǳաԱ֮£Ϫսģ쳣ĺг
ؾͼǽڻϪҲ㲻ʾóǷڽл˫˭Ҳõ沿ӽнս
˺ü죬ڵĶԻ˫һԱûг֡
սĵ죬ؾ˺ˮ۹ʮͷӵӰѾƽؾӭвӲʮλá
еΧǲһɲȡϪؾĸһҪİѶԷصϪһܷųһˡ
ܿ죬ˮ۹ʮͷӽӽؾ
ؾԼǰķ˷أˮ۹ͷЩ⡣ؾķֻ򣬺ˮ۹ͷ´˹


680 
ɲһսؾųֵ׼ġˮ۹ʮͷӳˮһʱؾغõӪ滨ӶԵʵҵػ
ǿĻȻˮ۹ͷһ˺ʮĴǰ͹˼ˡ
ۿŵڲϵʧȻؾ˵ĽӪͱ滨ӳǰأеĵ湥кͣԵʵз档
˫ĲӺȻӴһ𣬺ɱ
ˮ۹ͷȻռţؾȴװϵԷһ
һʱ䣬ˮ۹ͷϵֳ𽥵ģؾķЩҡˡ
һϪؾԤӶȥ
淢ײؾͺˮ۹ǰʮ򲿶ӣѽѷ֣ˮ۹ʮǰ沿ȻռһƣһʱǱֿؾġ
ϪǵΪԤӵؾͶսϵƷ΢ת䡣
ʮˮ۹ǰӪӣѾȫչ˶Σؾɱһ𡣶ؾԤǴӲ͹ˮ۹ǰӪ޷ЧıԲؾԤӡ
γһĳ棬ˮ۹ǰӪѹؾӣѾʵ˰ΧۿžҪܹԵؾ
ؾԤȴĹ˺ˮ۹ǰӪĲ׾ͻ˲ȥΧؾ͡
ˮ۹ǰӪ춼ҪˣϿ˫ľûзֳʤλȴ֪ؾ£һؾʵ˻ϣϾͻʵзͻ
Ǹʱ򣬵ȴʮˮ۹ǰ沿ӵ˾ܡ
λȴпԣԼϷȺӵָӳˣǿǵԴ顣
Ψһλе׵ǣԼʮԤӣֻҪԼϷЩͶ뵽սϾͻŤת
ʱһȥۿؾľԽԽԼĲӲϼ٣λжĳ嶯
ʱϷǸϿѺĲͶսϣǸϿԼĲӳˣʧС㡣ȥĺ˭󰡡
λ첻֪ǣԼϷˡպͱӵԼԼǰ沿ӿʼʱϪǾӦʵдģĵ沿ӷˡ
ڣϪҵԶڹûκγ沿ӵ˼ʮͷӣһܵıԵͷӵĽۣλͳ˧Ҳǵһĸо
ʵƵĻϪǵؽ
ȷƶսƻûκε⡣ʵʵͻ̸֣ᷢû
Ⲣ˵ϪǵĽ̰ûо˵ѪԡؼϣӵĲӸؾȽĲڸ߼е
˼ҵ̣Լ̵һ̣֪ˡԷƺ;쵽Ϫǵսͼ󳷷أϪǵڻʹ򲻵˼ͷϡ
ǵؾͼҲڴݻٳǷǵĶԶϪؾ챶ͷۡ
ûӪڻɳĵ沿һ¶ͷͻ¶ԷӪҴǾǰԼʿư
Ϊгǽŵƣɳĵ沿ӣһȫչԷӪͻἯлʵʩԵĻ
һɳʮ򲿶ӣһģȥһ˼Ҿͺһ٣ֱԼĲ
ӪԷӪֱǿЦȥԶڵŵ˻һؾ͵ˣ̸ʲôڻ
ϪؽСɲӳȥ̽˼ҸͲ㣬б¹ҽǰֱӾͰɵˡ
һɳɵ沿ӣ˵ھͱһкԼĲӿǳǧ
ʮǾԹ𺳵ģܲסƵ˰
ϪؽϽͰϱ˱ӡû뵽һ£ͨ˺ˮ۹θ͵Ϯͳ˧
ӽϪѣˮ۹ͳ˧ΧʵͻƣֻҪǻϪĲӣݻӪʱϪؾȫһٵ춨ʤ֡
ˮ۹ͳ˧ˣԥ˺ܾã۲һ˫̬ƣñ˵ҲЩܹϪؾϪؾµıؾϿռݾƵġ
λͳ˧һҧȫʣʮԤȫͶսϡ
ˮ۹սؾڻˣ
ճսӦ֯Ϊʱ˵Ѿˡ
ǣûȻϵؾʵʩ壬ؾͷԶǵӿĺˮ۹Ĵ
ϵؾϷӦʱ򷴳ǵϽþ͵ط
ɢĺˮ۹ǰ沿ӣѾ˱ıԵԼԤˣΪؾûгʤ׷˴Ϣ̼͵϶ؾʵһδεĳ档
գۼ䣬սϵʽսⲿؾΪ
ߵĽЩˣ׷ԼһֲȥԮһսؾ
ͬʱϷʮؾ죬ҲսϵƣͨͨѶϵǷϳ
ʮӦڽڻʱκ˲ʱս
ڽϣٽԳս
սŵʮؾս쳣ˮ۹ʮԤѹؾԾǶʮĵˡ
ǺԤӣ֯չӣͼΧսŵؾһⲿؾΧסǾͳ¾һսˡ
óͨѶģǸԼƵУ٣һЩȥ졣
УϾ˳սȥҺˮ۹ͳ˧
ͳ˧Уٱ棬ԼսϴһؾУٵʱǸ֪ԼһҪ鱨
θˮ۹սʵһ޴ȦףĿľˮ۹
ѾؾЭ飬ֻҪܹЭؾԸˮ۹ӵȨܹܵϣؾ԰һЩԭӵĵ̹黹ӡ
ԷսģһؾѺˮ۹ĶʮȫסȻںˮ۹뵽սʱ򣬴Ϸһ֧ʮģؾӺˮ۹ɱؾپرͻͿһټˮ۹ʮ
ˮ۹ͳ˧ˣ㱻ˡ
ڣȫĴͶ뵽սȥˣһУ˵ˮ۹ľ޷Чսġʱ򣬾ܣѴ󲿷ֵľӴ߰
Уһͳ˧ˣϽȴ˵һƾ֪ˡ˵Ĵ£ϪؾֻҪؾͻᴦڱ״̬ξһСܿóġϪؾٳûжѵô
ͳ˧ϪǷ۲һ£սûе沿ӳ˼
һʱ䣬ˮ۹ͳ˧ҲЩԥˡ
սϾԼߵģѾչΧǰʮؾ֮飬ǧѷʮӵĴʱ
һˣǿǹһ
ҪǲӸ˾ҪǳУ˵Ǹʱ볷Ҳóˡ
ڷӺ󷽸Ϲʮؾˮ۹Ĵ𹥻
õصʮؾɽһ㹥˺ˮ۹
ͬʱˮ۹Ĵͳ˧Ҳӵ˲ڵľ㱨˵ϷдԼʮģؾڷ˶
ԤƲһյʱ䣬ͻҾӴ


681 ٴ
һоȻģ
ͳ˧˲ɵˣüͷһɽ壬˫˸ŴĿ׹⡣
ıӣȻֶƭǣҪɱͳ˧໺һɤӣһռͰǰĵ÷飬ƺ⻹ôޣֺݺݵضһţڵһĿӶ
ߣǹݵģǺˮ۹˰ȻؾӺǣ˻öԼĻʳǱļһȻŹĺûᣬҧгݵ˵
ڱŭ£ܵΧ˵Ӱ죬µһϯȻúˮͳ˧˼
ʱԱһı°ϱͲĺӣɻ˵ͳ˧Ϣŭеΰ
Σͳ˧Уͬʱתͷȥ˫ӽضֻԵӦȴǲͬġ
ıл˵ǵʱǳȡͳ˧һѹסԼеŭ𣬳˵
Ҳ֪Լղŵȷʧ̬ˣΪһ죬ҸҪʹսϾҪʼձ侲ǡս˲ϢģָļıԲȻô˳ġ
ͳ˧ղҲŭˣ֮ǰͱӸӹһΣҪǱˮ۹Բʱ̼뵽ؾսеġ˵ȵؾ뱱ܾ˵ʱ򣬲Ƕֵʱ
ıͳ˧侲ͷ˵ͳ˧᲻пؾһأ
ƣ
ͳ˧ɫһĿ⻺ػУٵϣɭĿʮˡ
Уһ㶣̬˵ͳ˧µõϢΪˮˣǲԼ˵Цġ
⻰˵ĺܶԣҶͬˣˮ۹ǷǳŽͳһ壬鼫ٻᷢ
ͳ˧ǱӸǵǲٰʮҲ˶ٵģܣҲǼΪģ˵ҪǵҺˮ۹ʱܵı⣬ؾɲǸƲ磬Լĵº𣿡ıһ£˵˫˸ǻ۵ĹâϧΪ۾еСȴе㻵ģôô˳ۡ
ͳ˧ıе㷳꣬˻֣˵˼˵Ļǲأ
˵УһΣ֪ʱԼˣͳ˧˿ǷĶİ˵ģټһ򶼷ǳĵСΪԼҵǿûٸɰ
У˵һ㶼ûдĲ
ͳ˧ĬˣһԵıܵزʲôͷһ˫۾ضУٿ
ʱ򣬴ٴαҾؾϷʮҪսˣͳ˧´
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ͳ˧ݺݵһ£֪ԼҪˣҪôҪôˣ
ͳ˧˼ǲΪһûȷϢҺˮ۹ʿװɥģıæȰ˵ţⳡսûдν۽̫صĻҲ޷ѵġ
ͳ˧ĺü·Ѿؾʮź
ıһһԵУ٣֪ԼҪһǲǸϸ
У٣˵ǵǲģıȻΪϵ𺳵Уٵ顣
Уһ㶣ͷӦ˹ܵҪ˵ʲôʱԴȴһõָð˳
УٵһɢһұϢˢһӾ˳
Ȼͳ˧ı£¾ֻ־֤ԼˣΪҺˮ۹ȥˣУ˵֮鵶Լࡣ
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ıüͷţʵǿǲˡıֻһ̾ϢӿЦսԼĻ
ΪУٵͳ˧¶˾ģһޱȵ˵һסĹ׵ģ
ţͳ˧ɫһһӣˣ뿪սԱ֤ķΪҪҪ̫ˡ
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ϱߵ´ˣ±ߵʿȻҪúõִУʿٶȳţҲȥЩƻؾˡ
ʱһֱй۲ŵȻЦЦ˵ˬ
еһɨգ˫棬´ʮ׷ˮֻҪ˳ȥ˰ȫ룬ͳ˻⣬ڶӼӿ칥ϪǵĳǽƵ
Ӧڽʿ˷ܵŭһսⰺ޲Լͷۣúõʰһ±ӵľӡ
ͱһʮسţΪͣΪǿĹϵкӴܵĺˮ
ʮĽҲǸˣ֪̲ĵʱʱؿһؾٶȣðѺˮȼˣͣǱˮһս
ɱɣɱɣŻеʱɱɣ⽫ǹһĨЦݣߵĲˬûˡΨһϧ޷һֱ׷ɱһ뿪̫ԶûкԮĺӦǶ˵һجΣ
ͬʱ䲻ϵںЩڷ·ǲҪǮһ㿪ʼбԼķŭſ޴ڵϵعϪǵĳǽǱЩƵĳǽ߽š
ܿ죬Ÿĳǽɾˡ
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ӳȥˮͳ˧ϵ˼ѹͲӣǲӣ
лûеطҲûʱ䷢ؾѾ˳ǽһǹ˰
죡죡˭Բߣ֪ԼѾ飬Ͳʲôõİ취ûɵ֪ʡ
ϧ쵼˷ˣ±ߵĽиܣô˻ǣҲѡԹۣԥԥûа취ĽҪͷУ˭Ҷ˵һ˵ʲô㲻ûᵼԼǰ;׵군
žѹñӶҪˣѾֹһεظܹˣĽսԽ࣬ԽԼˡ
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ʲôļıжٴΧؾÿһζܹΣաȥɱҲûʲôôûʲôЧ˼ʵ̫ǿˣǿ̿Ƕûиҽӵġ
ǶûʲôҪ˵𣿡Ӵ˳Ĭһ˫۾ֱضǰЩһ
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⻰һ˶ԾˡⶼʲôʱˣҪǰװ
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ŤͷһЦͨѶɳƽ˵һսǿĵˣ㻹Լ˵ɣҪһˣ
ͨѶɳƽЦǰȥǿľչܿסϪǡ
Ϫе龰Դֳ߳ΪǲԸȥģΪϪлǴʶҪͻƵĻҪķһЩܵġ
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һ̣ͷ˱ӵټŴӴп뿪أ
һתƣЦȥĿΪǽӴ󹥻ȣҩͨĵҩ
ӿǸˣһſڵ¡¡ըڳǽϣǶСѾ¶ܵıﻹ˵ôడһؾڻˣȻŵƨٳˡ
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ϧԵ˶֪Ӳúεˮƽļı˼ܹƽÿһζ׬ȡһݴıˡ
ƺΪ˻Ӧӵŭ𣬾ʱ򣬼ڵͬʱ䵽˳ǽϣ춯صıըϪǡ
ŵòϣǲ԰׵ϱԽѿˡ
죡ӿȣ򣬱ˣӴһһѽԱҪ뿪һԼ뵽˴С
ŴĹ⻪һӵӰʧˣ뿪ֲϪǡǱĽһЦҡҡͷղžҪ뿪֮ˣ˱һۡ
ƫƫһۣñӸˣŰ
ôģвû¶Ӹʲô⽫һԼϣ޵ǸҪ
Աߵһϵͬͬļ˵İɣϽǱ߶أ㻹㹻ʱ뿪
㹻ʱ䣿ǧЦ˰ǽʮ
ʮȴֻĸҪ͵ʲôʱȥ˭֪Ϊ˱֤Լȫıӻ᲻ֱƻǱߵĴ󰡡
ˣҲûʲô취ˣֻܹʵʵָʿٽ봫ȡһʱ뿪
⣬һĻˡⱱ˷·ƤҰ˳Ĳ˼ȴǲСųû߷緶ǻӣȴͲǸʵ۵ӡԤ˻ʵۣ̱ݶ˼»ŪͿ̿
Ѿ뿪ˣڻŴԼʮӣĻǻüĿ˸ԶԶؿŻҵϪǡ
漴ŤͷȥһԿϢ˷ܵɳƽ˵ɳûҵҪ֣ҪȥһȦ
СģİΣҪɳƽֹһ뵽ʵҲͰѵ͵Ļһ䡣
ͷֱڿնֱϪǶȥ
ϪڵؽֻؾǱиӰˣٵؿ
һֱñޱȵسǾʼî˾׼֣ɵӰʱǲſǴŵ΢Цӡ
һӡˣ
ؾˣ׼õĹҲûͷųȥΪǿϢһֱڱӾ֮ţ˭Ըȥɱͷ
Ҫ˼ֱܹɱѪʮǹƥ޳ǸռܵѪ۹ĵ۶ȥһȦǻʵ϶ԹԵĸ׳ƳǷԶѵϢ
˵УǸԸֱӽǶ²ˣΪֻ־ۣݵĴڡûе֣֮磬ﻹôࡣǿؾӢ£ǿüġҪǣӾȻǣԼĶӣ˲ֵ׷
Ϫǰˣ˶̧Դһ˫˫۾мٷɽӰǸܵ


683 ֮
ĵϪˣǵг˲ɣ֪һ׻ᷢʲôҪǣҪ
ʱϽѾЦˣȻѾ˱²׼ֱײĹЩĨӡ
ϽǸô죿ˣǵ˵΢΢ţƺѾŵ˼㡣
ϽЦһҡҡͷ˵ˣˣѾˣǸˣǲĻӭ
ӭо죿û顣
ٻҪ˵ʲôȴǱϽסˣϽһ֣ͦͬǹһ˵ˣ˸һӭؾؽߣҵҪ«ʲôҩ
һȺ˸ųǽ֮ϡ
˳ǽһ̧ͷȻѾˣһЦݵؿǡ
һ뵽ǿЩ˵ĵ׾û˵ϽսҪõĶࡣ
վţϢּ˶ڿԼ
ؾ΢΢˵ƽϿʲô顣
Ͻ۾һȻôòĻпΪ
ؽϪǽ죬ʲô˵ɡϽŬԼƽһ㣬ȴ׻˵ʲôأ
ǰ˵ʲô˶ɴ۾ȴڡ
ʶɨһϪǣõͳȴ˶ܹ˵ǵ۹֮УһĺȴûоþΣȨʳǵ۹ұʹ֣վˣҪΪǵ۹ĸ˶ŬȻһ岻ԸΪıҸǾɣ
⻰һ˵жһͬСһʵ̫ˣӳûбˣ˽ĶΪԼΪ塣
ҶˣԸɱ޹Ըȥ˺ԼˣվҪǷԸһһ壬ǵ۹һᶨ˵
˳ĬˣʵԸؾҲ˵ؾַƣֻٹ̵˼룬վǻסǵġ
ʱϽǰһ˵ϷΪǵ۹ϹᣬµҲǿ͸ˡΪǵ۹ͳһΪǵ۹ǿԸȥսۣϪ뿪սķţ
˵꣬ϽȻڱӵսؿһӵսۣ̾ϢһȻֱӳһѳҪĨȥϷһӾϹᣬԸⶪڣ
˫һɣָ΢΢һϽѾһƤĳͣʼ޷ٽһˡ
ϽһѣֻϽʹȥûʲôôҿϽͳϪǣΪϪ²츣Ͻԣؽǳ˿Цݵ˵
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ѽһ뵽ؾһͷ֮ǻΪĵˡ
ϾһѾûˣؾϯȫѾ˴ơ
еĳˣϽһɣȻĹڵأ̼ݺᡣ
һԵĸһˣ׷ױϽȾһʹ顣
λʹ࣬ıӾǸӹˣΪԼȻΪҷһϽ£ͿԿóǸȻˣϽΪλҪΪЧأ˵ˣЧҵǵ۹ĳһ˰һ㲻ˣͬԵҴһ٣ȻﳤȥϵЦݣ͸¶ļᶨ
ϽĻסˣû뵽ĻǴ˵ģϸض˰죬Ͻһӵľжϸû˵ѣ
ѵΪǵ۹𣿡Ͻҡˣ֮ǰȻѾϪͶǲͶҪԼȥϻʵۣȥҰ
ϽƭǰҲ֪ؾʱԹҲúķѶԸ֮ͬٴȥˣЩǵ۹δһɾһĳ˵ֹʮ̵ļһͨἫΪѡ
Ͻ΢΢ϢһһѲ۾ϵˮȻվһ˫۾ϬޱȵĶ˵ԸҴһұͬ⣡
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ţر۾ſ˫ۣͬһ˱ǹͦš
ӣֵϽɵˡζû뵽ȻĴӦҪ֪ܶôǿˣѾﵽԪӤڵΪûͬҪܵ޴˵ġ
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ʱͳȫɳƽôһûסҪֱӻӱϣϪֱ£
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Ͻ׼ˡ붯ְɣ˵ϵϢͷȫɽ˿
ϽȻץס˲ͼݵĲϱߣֻҪһǷĽͻỮĲӣֻҪԸԴԱ
ʱľˮԼ۹⣬̹ȻؽϽľ
ϽϵĳþûƶظǲǲķɵػĲӣһɵѪ˳ų
һֱϽȻüͷûգһ£ѵ˵Ĳ
ϽԥˣŽͷһβ˹һд˵ѵЩ˵
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ڣڶ̶̵Ľ֮Ͻ̾ϢһеĳһףЦҡҡͷ˵ˣˣؽΪ룬Ϸ˽¾ǵ۹Ϊа
۾һ˫й⣬˵Ͻ壬ķ


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ŵڽˣϪںͳ˶һ
ȻĿϽЦǺǵ˵Ͻػ
ؽдɾ͵ˣϷʰ·磡ϽڴһЦ⣬ʵֻſǵ۹δ
Ҫǵ˽ִǵ۹Ļʧ嫵С
⼸ӵĵУϽ˽ģֻҪôһܿߴʲô⡣
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Ͻ֪ǵ۹Ĺ˶СϪǣӽؾڱҪפˣｫرפˮ۹ٴ֣һнϽ𡣡˲˲õԭֱӽϪǵȨŸϽ
ϽȻûв²⵽Ķ֮ʶؿʵؽѵҷ𣿡
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ӵһû뵽Ͻ˹֮ˣ˽㹻ֱ֮ӾͶˡ
ͷҪ˵ȴϽٴο˵ؽӦϷһʿ֮вԸؾģԶ뿪Ҫ
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һЦ˵ϽģҪȫӦûκε⣡ؾһֱԸ⵱ľһԸľͷ˾뿪
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ŵճ׵ɢˣԭҪսҲʱûбҪˡ
ԶһкɳƽЦݵشʿϪǵĽ£˼ǲûȫǣֻǧ˸Э
յϽϪڣϪǱѾؾϢݿ̹Ը뿪ľ뿪Ը뿪ľͼؾΪǵ۹һӡ
ܿ죬ͳˡ
ϪеĴԼʮȫڱӵһһǿúҲ֪ʲô˲Żδ
˵ʵڱǶӵľУкܶ˶ؾżȤͺøУΪؾһ֧ΪľӣǵĹغϸ񣬲ȥκĶ
վϪǵĳǽ֮ϣ˶ĳлػָյҲһ
һսؾ˵ΪҪϪӴĳУ춨ؾڱĸش˺ˮ۹ľӣ뱱֮Ĺϵ˽֮С
ͼ򵥶ˣϪһվɣؾǾ͵˳㿴ˮ۹ľӻ᲻תƻ

ͬʱϪǵıӵõϽսֱӼؾϢ
ģĻ쵰϶Ҿ֪ףѹֵʱҪ¶ϺأԭΪѹǸ֮Уڵ֮ţѾصԼء
ӵķŭ޷ģһֱ̫ЩԭΪṩ˰ĵطĵ̣ؾڲϵ֮У
˰Ұ϶ļҾȫնɱˣӷŭˤϵĲ豭˵
ʱһĸΡΡ˵ϢŭµҪϽļҾ춼ϪУѾûа취ˡ
ʲôȥҴ̿ȥǮӶԸ⣬ҪЩ֪ѱӵ³ʲôﻹô࣬Ѿŭˡ
ɱϽȫңķŭ޷ƽϢģ
ʱԱߵһıǰһ˵ӵ£һеĸԴ¾ûǴֱȽϻ㣡
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ıͷ˵£ɱȻǲܵãźӶǣܰǸ²˵ĻǶ˵һ룬ֻ֪һӣֽػͣ
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⻰һ˶ˣǵʹԴȴڰпࡣ
ѾˣȻܵĻﶼ˵˳ûз
ıҲ֪Լ˼µҲҶ˵ʲôֻǵһٵ뿪Ƿ֮ء
֮УĿؿЦţҪʹ಻ѣҪں
žĴ¶ƺ½˴룬˶Լһ֮֡

ǵ۹ˮӪء
ͳ˧ϢѾϪǣ
ʲô
ˮͳ˧һվһα˱˵ԣ˫ץסӣý˵Ŀ⿴ٸ˵һ飡
ŵһĭΡΡص˵ͳ˧ؾҾ뿪֮ѾϪǡӲֻʶӣȴʱǰһͱ˵ϪǶϺϽ
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ˮͳ˧˫һɣͬʧ˻һ㣬ļ
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ͳ˧ؾưԱߣһٴο˵֮ǰɹǸһ
ͳ˧ĿЦ˵䵽˼㣬֪Լһ군ˡ
˶ʮȴִŶʮǱӣԭܹɵؾϪǹ͸˱ˡ
֮ǰжôĹףһ޴ʧ۵㣬·ߵյˡ
ںˮ۹ݺô꣬ȻһССˣתЦǿЦͳ˧ЦţѾҪˡ
ѹ̫ˣˮ۹Ҳôģڲܴһܹȡ¿νǷѾĻ
µȴõһ³
νϣ˭֪Цһ


685 ͨ
ѵ𣿡
ˮͳ˧쳤̾ҪĽʵȴô̵ʵˡ
һ·ϲͨѶˮͳ˧Цá
˱ӵͨѶǲǾͲֽأ
ϧû˻ҩҪȻܻѶôĴۣˮͳ˧ȥһݣ
ͳ˧һȣǸУٿ϶Ǳ˸סˣɲô˵ȳġҪϵһ£ıͳ˧ģҲʮܣΪͳ˧ĵĽҲ군
ͳ˧һ΢΢ͷ˵ǰ֪ĿɲǺˮص㣬͸ϵ
ˮͳ˧ҲǸõŵµֱͨѶӲ˻ȥ
ͨѶöû˽ӣͳ˧Ŀɬⲻ֮ǰžӳʱʵд𣿱ڿ϶ڴԼɣ
ҪҵʱͨѶȴǱͨˡ
ͳ˧һ㶣˵˵ǣȴһֶ˵ˡ
ߺߺߡˮ۹а
ڣһ˷ŭͳЦ󣬱ӵŭ𱬷˳
ͳ˧оͨѶһ£εؿһ˵ӣƣ޷Ԥϵ顣ңʱûгε˶Էļı
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ˮ۹ľһֱ˻Ҳôˣֱһٳȥ˵
ȵ˵ˣˮͳ˧Ҳ˲Ϩ˱ӵŭ˵ߣҺˮģ㲻Ҫˣ
ǣôǣҶϪǣؾ˾޴ķչᣬһжɵģߺߣҪͼǵ۹ȥɣ
˵͹ҵͨѶžһӰͨѶϣ־òֱӽͨѶˡ
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ˮڶǱ뿪ǵľ˵Ҳһֿ顣´αȵʱǲô׵شӦˡ
Ͼǵ۹ζĵϱؾĴڣȻζȻߵļһ

Ϫǲؾִ죬űؽ֮һؾռˡ
ؾԱӵսԲȡ˾޴˳ɹڱռϣǶؾ۶ߣؾ˵Ҳ
ؾ˵ǼϢֱץסǧѷĻɳȥ˴˵ȥ˵ΧĳУǼ뵽ؾ֮УĶӵʿ뿪뵽ؾ֮С
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ӵͷ̾Ϣһ˵ô涼Ҫȥģ˵ɡ

պ󣬶뱱ߵĽ紦ն̸鶼öеⲢûзӵ䵹ˡ
뱱ЭɣһϵеЭ飬ҪıȫһһҪ֧֣飬һؾķʽͷԷ
Ͼһ군ˣӺͶűҲͲԶˣķʽȷõĳͷʩ
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ؽǸأһսǽ˫ս佫İѹȻǺܴİɳƽʮֵǵ˵ؾܹȡĳɹȫǴ˱һֲ
˭뵽ؾֱ룬ֱڶʱھռ˱ӵ֮һأ
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686 췴ɣ
ͷ֮ʱ붫ӽһĽˣΪԼѾȥˣֻҪܹɵǵ۹˵
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飬ټ˽һ֮ȴûҵһʵķӡ
˶Ҳеɣ֪ʱκһܻؾɰܡ
ʵ̫ҪˣܲСİ
а̾Ϣڰһڽ춼뿪æֱӳϪǣȥһСɽﾲġ
ҵ̬ԣԼԼǻʲôΣյ鷢ɵʲôأüͷ΢΢ţ˵
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һЦʾҶ˵Ž˵λղ˸ССĸҷؾѾһ

ؾһֱȷĵ·ôͻȻ뵽أ
˶ɴ۾Լͷ˵λôʱؾӣ·ռǳأȻѾȡ˺ܲЧվ˷̫Դûá
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ҲûӦһ˵Ҫż˵˷ѲԴ˷ѣԴ˷ѡ
Դеʿͷ²ūᱻó̸˷ѣ
ӣ˵ɻԽŨˡ
ŻˣһЦˡ
ôһɡϵЦԽأ˵ɨһ֮󣬲Ž˵ǵ۹ؾΣ֮еĿڱΣ
ҪĻзȨˣռϢĹԱվ˳Цݵ˵
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ȻԱ˵ؾǵ۹Ŀڱһ˵ܶеϰնؾȥǴˮ֮нȳ
ˮȣüͷһһЩ
ǹԱæ֪ıӺͶΪսļ󡣶ǵľԴǴӳ֮ѹģֻҪһȱˣǱٴΰϰգϰǶԱӺͶӶѾܿˡ
ŶȻûбȽϼһķӦʵ˸һĨıĹâ
Աͷʮ˵Уؾ߽ԽĵطְԽأмз˱ϰǱȵʵûа취ˣЩʿ֡ϧϰûжʵֻ
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ͨǻûǿʵΪ޷֮ȴĻʯûǵİǿҲ޷֧Ŷõġ
˷׷뵽˳˼֮У仰̺Ϣʵ̫ˣĿԡ
һƽ˵λ֪Ƿ֪ôһŵײıѹñֶйԼĲ
㿴ңҿ㣬ǲ˵ĵһ
ҲżţŴЩʱʱĳһ
һֱҡͷҪǲôһˣܹĻ
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˵ĿȥȻǸոϪ󽫾Ҳ֮ǰϽ
Ҿ˵Ͻǻ۵ȷǹ˵ġֱЦˣЦʮֿġΪһ㣬㹻˵Ͻѡȷġ
Լ˶û־򣬿˼ҵһӵϽһеģǲడ
ˣϳֻǺȻ˰ˡϳ֪δģ췴ǲ׹ĶɹİϽǶıܿץסĹؼ
ͷ˸Ͻ˵ģһֱǹĶǿĹҶռݾƵָ򡣿һʧȥˣǶԹ˵һѣֻҪһǡôһͻΪһССı
ڵĹŴʵ̫ˣõʱ·ӡ
ϳΪǻˣڿǸȫţϳԸԲ飬ϾϳЩ̫ˣҲ֪һһֱĴʽ
ãǾϽһˡʱˣԼһ˿¿ǲܵ顣ֱӱĳ˸Ͻ˵ͷ·ϵڱһˬĲ˰
ڱҲԼǰ׼ˣֻаˡ
Ͻһʩ΢΢üͷ˵֪˭֣
ϽͲÿˣȻǱΪѣǶӵĵʱ㰲ȣҪһЦβ֪Ͻ˼
ϼһÿһǾ˼ĴڣܹոǣǶԼ˵绢һǣǾ͵űǹɣ
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ԼǣѾˣµĳȻᰲԣ


687 ԪӤ
Ͻһϯص˵ͷĶ˵˳
ϾһҪһ㡣ɫ˵΢΢һ㣬˵ҪÿһһأƷͳãҪӦԱͨѶ豸
Ļ䣬Ͻǿ̾ϳˣȻҪˣҺýҪȻǵóִ©ɰ
ˣϽɣʲôʱϵңǧܳ©ҪȻͻమѪʿġɫص˵ʵԸѡ񣬿ڵ̫⣬ؾʵλӵĻǲܡ
ֻһҪľѣֻһģһŬĻǲܹ
򵥿ôһ˵Ŭ²ʲô̫Ч˲Ծȵİ취
쵽ĵزԭ϶Ƕ෽ģ˻ѣʡԼΪĻԺͳһǵ۹ȻǸ޷جΡ
һϵе鰲ź֮һսеۡһ˵ʵΣǴﵽĸ߶ȣ಻ϵ£վǺ˱ġ
췴ʮֿãܹõĺãȫؾݵʱڽӵĵ̸ǳɻǰܣҪҵˡ
붫֮˫ıΪƵѾΪؾս׼ˡ
н𣬿ƫƫ仹©˿ƢҪȻӰ쵽ӵơ
֮ڱﲻסˣֱӸɳƽһ仰ԼʮƺƵ뿪ˡ
Ϫǵһɽ׷ɵˣ⻹̵ʱôˣʮûȷ
ɳƽƣҪȥʲôط˼Ȼֻ˵˸֪ȻȥӣһפϪǡ
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ķңʼ޷ʮűӵĵ̼أֻҪлȥԵأûлᣬǾ͵һУ˵һˡ
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ԪӤڵǿߣССĳ֮УǸǿڿѾ˰ɡ˵һԪӤڵĸ֣ڻҲͰˣڷ磬Ϊλأ
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壬۹ǰĻʵԶǣǶλԪӤǰأҲǸǰ͵ĳŵôǼûսķһؾӲȥĻ»ܵʧȥģıε˵ڵϢʱص㿴һ£ΪӵÿһжпܷսҪ˹
ĬˣԭĻȷ⶯֡
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ǡȳ±ڳɣǽȥ̸һ£ܲòҪ֡Ҳûʲôõİ취ֻܹԭʼˡ
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ǻʮصʱþͣԼһıǰ
֮ǰ˫ְȻͦһ˫ӽضų¥ϵġǡ֣̺ϢɲܹͨӵеģһԪӤڵĸµ顣
λؾؽǵ峤һıغûʢˣһɵľء
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ؽؽˣʧԶӭǴͷЦ˵ڻӭʲô쵼һ
ؿһԱߵııæ˵Ŀǰ峤Լǵĳ֡
峤ãûֱ֪ͨˣҲˡ˱ȭ˼ҼȻЦӭˣȻܴ
ߣʩһ񣬳˵֣ȴѾã뽫̸


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һźŵе㲻ˣ⵽ʲôѵǾôӭؾ
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У־ֱĽõ֮ϣʩһӵڳ˵ؽϣִԸؾ
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϶ܳԾԭҳǵ۹ΪλῪŻӭؾɣԹžһֱԻĹǵ۹ΪΣѵʱǶûзһֱΪ˹ҵİΣĬĬĹš۹սУǼʿʿɶǵӵܱ˵˵ţֵɫѿһ˫˺Ρ
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ֱ˵һգ˱÷ŭ˵ⱱһӵܣǳӣ޷˵ġɱӵĲÿĶԼΣǵȴһֱǵǵ۹ĳӣȴһ˵߹
ֵǸֱļһû˵ѡͷܹóֲװġ
ӸͲң֮Уò˼ͻΪūԣһֱڵȴؾĵֻҪˣǾҪ뵽ؾ֮УΪǵ۹ȫȫɾˣҲԹ޻ڣΪ֪δǿĸԽ˵ԽǼȻԼ˵ʡ
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ԭҲǲԸ⽫ӽȥģǵ˶Ϊǵ۹һȥ治֪ΰˡ
ֲûֱȥ̣֮ǰ뱱ϧ˼ҸͿôʿսǿʲôãʮ㳲Ҳ޷ӳ̫ð
ȻһľϲҵֶЩվˡ
ְûзӦһ֣Ƶس˵ôѵ峤ϲ
ˣʵǼ֣Ը⣡Ը⣡ּЩ״ˣǸոͣ±β
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Ϊ˹ҵͳһԸеľֱóûпǹЩӳ֮Ƿܹ
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ЦݣһĸоҪлսΪҹ׳Լһ
ӴɣѾ׼ʳϢľӪʱԱһǰֵ˵ͷ
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ȻصͷԱʵ̫˽ˣҪȻҲֱӷתͶˡ
ԵȣȥŽӦӣѾȥ׼緹ˡֳ˵ȻѾΪؾһԱҪȥ飬Ҫǵ֪ʵ顣
ȻûԹԵλϱߺȲ衣
˳ȥ²豭
ֿɿܾݵе̫ˡıվߣ
ΪıӦҪɵ飬ҪȻҲûдڵˡ
΢΢ҡͷ˵Ǹֱˣ˵Ķʵҿȷ
ǡɵʲôı۾һʵ
ĿģĿģԥؿ˵ֱֵҰĲ̫Сġ
ҵ峤ЩһֱڲϲµλãûʲôᡣֵĻҲܹĳƺԱӺʧʧԭ
޷Ȼǵĳװ֮ȻǸ֮Ҳûһְٰˡ
ûв´ĻӦǸԣʵ޷ͻԪӤڵĵڣַֻܹõԵı°ͣһ˼ģ
ǺһЦıԽԽϲ˵˵
ıûп⻰˼Уκ˵ӦòؾֻҪǸְҪĶǾû⣡һֱ̫ˣҪҵûлᷢչ
úܺã˵ֹ꣬һ¡
ıŪɫ죬˼Ц˵ˣֻǺ֪ȵϽֱӶˡ
һЦҲ˵ʲôÿ˶Լص㣬ֻҪȥڷ־һܹóġ
ͼˣֳһ󣬾ʹż˻ȥϪǣʮԼıæˡ
鲻ˬĳȥˣƽĻˣϪǵĽ쿴ģһ
Ϊؾ꣬ܳµģ


689 çɽ׷
պˬϪɳƽʲô
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һų̽Ѷ
ǰ࣬һشǿȥһЩȽڵͨسġ
Ҳŷ˺ش󣬶Ǻܲõ顣
ˣ΢΢һüͷ治ֻ֪ʲôļ顣
̽зĲУؾܵ˾޴Σܻ̽Σңûرŵ̬
ɽ̽鲻ޱȣϵĺˮĿεδʡ
̽ЩҪţʲô飬˵
̽ϵĺˮһĭͼæ˵ؽ²ˣд̿Ͷѩү֣Ŀǰү䲻ѩ˵Ѿ޵ãĿǰδнչ
ⷬһǳɣûаͣ٣̽˵źݺݴϢһ
ϢһվŤЩˡ
˵ʲô˵һ飡㱨ϣԼˡ
̽ٴλ㱨һӽޱȲпʵ
д̿Ͷѩػĸ֣ػ䲻ѩˣ
һӱŭޱȣȵ˭Ҷ֣Ȼ񻤶֮أ
һɤӣЩһʱΧĿռ䷭Ĳ㱨ֻ̽羪׹һѪӿһûס۵һѪ˳
Լŭ֮¾Ȼ̽˾̽
еŭôҲƽϢģػ˼ȦͨѶģԨ۹ĺ͡
ͨĺ֮Ѵ̿¼˵һ飬ĺͣͨĴϸϵԼƹճ
ǵ۹̫ˣӺͶʱᷢսȴûһܹĺңֻˡ
ʮ𼱣Ǳеȫ£Ͻϸϵ
ĺͨ껰Ҳûнһ¾ĹϾͷ̽Ѳ̿͵ؾλá
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ֱĿǰѲһҲûнչԿ϶ǣ̿ǲȺܼĵط֣Ӧӽɽ֣ѲؾѾעеһܱߵһЩ˼ĵط
ˣöµûš
ѩػ͵ݵλɱĴ̿;Ѱ֮̿ͼȻ֪ѩػ͵ıҲƱػǰӦ֮ߣûȫ֮˵Ǳɵ⡣
ԣ̿ͼȻһŶؾģѲ׼侲ȡλ˼ķʽ̿͵״̬
ԼǴ̿ͣô֮󣬵һҪؾǱ𱻷ӵؾ˽ӡһǺģΪ̿͵ƶٶ죬ƾһܱܿؾ
ǹرսͨҪؾԳµصΪģе̺ʽѲһϣֻ̿Ҫٶ㹻죬ӦҲܸؾչ֮ǰԼƶĳ·߳ȥ
ؼһǽؾӦӦơ
ؾͨͨѶģϢѸܱͨӦĸͨҪᱻȻڱ˴ЭϽѲ
̿͵ٶٿ죬Ҳô̵ʱܳôԶӵгʵ̿ĳʵѩػͿ¾Ͳʧô򵥵Ľˣп˫˫
Ҳ˵̿Ϳ϶ǻϽڣֻ֪ĸϽ
̿ҪʮϤؾ·Ͳ˿ڳܵĵΪľ¹ʮؾǿããз˵ġǴ̿͸ͷ棬ҲΪİ˱ץסҪðķյġ
ȥӦþϽڵĳɽ롣
һжϣܹػʧѩ˵Ĵ̿ͣӦڽڵ۷ľˮƽ
ˮƽߴʲôٶȣһӦܳȥĴ룬ˡ
ӦϽ
ĿתԼλãһɽǲľѳ
뵽Ѳؾɳɽ̽顣
Ϊﲻڴ󲿶ӵչؾԱֻҪˣǧҪжһ˴ܾ̿ͣܿͻǰˡ
һУѩ˵״̬ԼӦûȥ
ϵѩ˵ĵطѩסΧѾؾΧסһֻӬҲɹ
ߵѩĴǰѩ˫Ŀգûѵļ
ѩ˼飬ѩ˻治һᡣһĸΪԼĺӣǵжƴ
˼ֱ˴˹ذͲϧһе۾ʪˡ
ĬĬѩɷ׵գģһҪѴ̿סһҪ߸ٱĴۡ˭ɳĴ̿ͣӣҲҪ͵ȥ
˵ҩѩ˰ʱѩҩޱȵıߣٴλص˴̿Ϳصĵط
ȻϣԱ֮ɽһЩ֡
ԱȻûпˣǸ˼ĵطûʺۼݾжϣһ飬øѩػ̵ʱǺϡ
ЦϿԶ϶˿̾ġеԱԸĴ̿ͣŴ˷ǲ㡣
ԱṩܿҵЩʵûĺۼ
ԼǿʶЩۼ˱ǣͿʶ׷ЩۼӶҵۼˡ
Ϊʶ׷ٺۼٶȺܿ졣
ۼԽԽˣƺٹһС׷ˡ
һ΢ƽ̹ĵطۼȻʧȥǰļ
ĬĬʶһصλá
ٺٺ١һЦ˵ʲô㣿ɣѾһˣѵҪ㾾ŸôȻеӶԸӶӣضҵ׷ɱҲ׼ˣѵΪܶùȥô
һһĸоʮԶľϳһźµˡȷʵǿò˵λãһ۾һĽ𻨣
ûˣ
¶˲̵΢Ц
˵ǺţЦؽ氡ô̵ʱܹҵң½Ҳؽһ˶ѡ
¶˳Ц⣺ҵôѵû˵ҶԸ˺˵ֶô
̿ıȥЦȻ˵Ϊ˶ӣһ˶һǳأ½Ϊˣǲ֪ؽô찡
˫жȻ͸ɱϾͻ֪ˣ
˵ţӰͬһһ㣬һƮ͵˴˿̵ǰȭŴ̿͵ؿھһȭ
ǣ̿͵ٶҲĿ࣬ɽӵһ֮£̿;ȻһƮһȭ


690 Թ
󾪣һػ˴ȻΪԵʶʹٶͣԸٶǵ۹ûмܹÿ
̿;ˣ
ӡУûٶȵĴ̿ͣ
̿Ҳһ߼ˣһ߹Цؽ۶һǶȲϡôȻȲؽɣҲѷؽҪȻҸźô
вмȴתһ뻹֪ػʱϷװŭ˴󲿷ֵʵչξ׷̿͡
ǳֵǣʩչ˴ٶȣȴڿ֮䱻̿ڼ䲻ϢʱеʱܹԷ½ˣԷһ˦һξ롣
ģ֣־ȻһصĴУ󷨵İԼٶȡͬʱΪ̿ͶʮϤܹڼ׷ʱ
ԭˣҪ̿Ŀֲٶȣˣ
ЦȻԼǰŪ󷨣ʦүǰŪ¡Ҫƽ󷨣Ҫ˼ʱģ̿͵ٶû̬ҲҪо׷ϡ
һ޷ڶʱĥ󷨵ĹؼⲢҪ뿴̿ƾʲôԼ׷ϡ
ƴģԸ⿴顣
֪У׷̿Ѿаʱʱˡ˶ͬ¹һڻɽҰм۶
ۿţǰһɽ룬ӿٶȣڵɽ֮ǰץ̿͡
˭֪ɽıԵѾ̿ͲԶľ룬һܻץԷʱ򣬶Ȼ˷Ӱ֣һ˹
˫ȭӳһ쫷һȭΧӰȻһȥ
ԭ󷨻Ӱ
ǰʱ˿̾Ȼûټ
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ܿҵĹؼ󷨵˽⣬һ߳˴̿û󷨵ڻܴܲԼߣ
ߵ˴ıԵȻоһ˿޵Σոо󲻽⡣
˽˵ԼѾŵû˿Ĺġһָ󷨣ܹﲼʵֿռλõ档
ΪʲôĴлΣոоأ
ͣ˽Ųٴθоһ
ûκεΣգѵԼĸ֪˴
ͬǲܵģһüͷ̧߳
ǰľȻһ䣡ǰľոտľȫͬˡղŻǲľʢھȻʲôֲûˡ
ǰһߴĽǽһĶεض
󿴵ʱ򣬺ɽֲʲôģѾȫûˣ
ȡ֮ޱ޼ʵãÿռ䣬Ը֪һ£һ޷дÿռ䣡
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Ǹ̿ڸߴǽڵıЦѣؽȻеľȻܹôƽĴʵǲ֪ؽܲͨԹأ
һǽڣЩǲϹĶʮֵļ̣ԼҲܹǿݻƵ֪ԹжһԹ㹻ǶԼʮġ
ԹҪľҪѡԵ·ԹлĲڣһѡˣͻᱻֻԭ·أҪǳѡĻͻػصаװԼջᱻ
ȴһĵطܹǿľֹ˵ĺۼԹо˵ĺۼĵطȷĵ·ΪҪ߳ȥġ
ȫľ񣬿ʼʶ̽Թ˾ĺۼܿҵһкܶ˾·;ۼ
ۼ߳ԶҲûͬ
Ǹַ̿ؽ˾̾ôԶȻûһ·ʵؽܳԹô
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Цˣʰ㵹Ǵ´ˡ
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⻰΢΢һ
ǰһкǰźõһ
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ʵϣӴɱѩػ¼Ŀʼһ׮޴ı
̬ʵؾĿֲսѾǵ۹ͷ֮ˡЩγͳһʶֻҪؾڣǵ۹»ͳһˡ
һǵļƻͻԶʵֲˡ
һеĸԴϣ
ֻҪؾͻ͵ķչͷͻʵǵ۹ͳһ
ԣҪܹʹ赲ؾʧȥĹǣܹʵǵļƻΪĿģе庱һĶ
ڱӵĲ߶£Ĳһ֣ƸһٶȼĴ̿ͣȥɱѩػͣŭ̿˱ӽѩ֮࣬ػ°ˡ
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̿ЦؽרΪƵ壬еİʵ̫ˣҪһһܵĻµ˵ϼ켸ҹؽԼһ°ɡؽ޷ͷģһʱ򣬺Ѿȫˡ
˵Ǹ̿ͷ˵Ц
̿͵ЦȻֹΪ̿͸оԼһɱ̿ͷӦҲˣһһϢȥ
մ̿͵Ĵ㣬һ⣬ҲҪһµģֻҪյԼͿԳˡ
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̿ʹ󺧣֪Ȼ̫ǿĴţԼһ¶ֱǺõĹ
̿ҪϽѣȴһֻץס˼
ֻ־һɽһѹ˴̿͵ļϣ̲̿ס


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ʹ㣬ĥʹ㣬Ǿ˵֪飬֪ôκθ˵
̿ͷһѾѻˣܲ˵ģͿôѡˡ
Ҳܴ̿ôشʵҶػǱɱˣǱץصʲôطб
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žžžһ죬̿ʹӼֲйȫ羡ϣ
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˵˵ؽʹʹʲôҾ˵ʲôĶӲûǱ°˱ӣڱӵǰ˵û׷ٵֻҪɢ㹻ϢҲһġ
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һҷػ͵ĴˣûΣյġʴ̿ϲµ嵽ʲôУ̿˵ԼҲֻ֪ԼҪʲô·ߣӳ
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һ˴̿ͣŵԹԼʶ̽ĺۼ̤ǰߡ
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ؽСĸΣԴ¿˲Ż˵ĺСôܸؽأ̿͸Ͻ˵
ЦҲ˼˵ض·߳˾ܳȥѵӾͲ뵽㱻ץʳ·߲ǰô
̿ͻ͵һ԰Ӧܹ뵽һġѵӸָ·ߣҲǡҲ·һ
ߣǲǵʱ֪ˡץŴ̿ͣɿŵԹУܿͿһεĹš
εĹţзĲΪεĹǰоԼʵȻбѹƵĸо
Ѿ̽ˣ̿˵Ĳû٣ûлͷ·ֻҪǰ߹пռȫˣҪȥֻǰһ·
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˵ţ־ͰѴ̿˳ȥǰձָ̿ͳ˵·ߡ
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Ȼû೤ʱ䣬̿;ҽ˻ڴ̿͵󣬸ʮͷ˫ͨİɫǡ
ϵãЩɫޡѩǡ
ⶫڼ֮أͷűļܣƽѵһû뵽ϡ
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һֻѩǾ޷мܣһȺѩǾ͸ͽ̾κεĸоˡ
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ǣǰЩѩƳɿܵʮѩһɱǻۣܹȺѩǣ
ܵ˿̫ţˣܰƳĽһĿܣǴʦֱʣ
ӦǺˮ۹ĿܴʦֻǸطŻʢѩޡ
ѩȺԼɱǣȻûн̿ͺΧЩѩɢģȴǴӸλǶȰѴ̿͵н·ȫˡ
̿ͱҲǸɱһеģ̿һѩǿȺųƣϾ֪ôˡǸɵеѩǣǱѩȺ˺Ƭûе·ߣ
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ȻǰһУȻʮżȶӣ֪ԼҪľ侲̬


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ǵ͵ȺƱȶȳ֣ȻȺƲȡ˵ĸ߼ֶΡ
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ֻѩǿܲûԼǿ̿ӲƴǺ侲˿ѩǿҲ֮˿·ܶǸΡ
̿ѾȫˣѩǿȺҵĹѩǿȺȴǲ̿ӴǸ뱣һξ롣
ܸѹܱ֤̿;ס
侲ǵ
Ǳȶǿ٣Ҳǲ˷һͨѹʱһҲѩϿĻɵʡɱܡ
أ̿ŲҲˣҲƮˣ͸֧֡˿ͻȻͣƺǲװһ֮
ѩǿȺûżΪһС飬̽ſ˴̿ͣ̽Źһ£̿ͻûзӦ
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ѩǿȺƺҲʶ⣬еѩǿȺԱ׷ǰַ̽̿ͣ̿ļµֿڱһѩǿСҧס˸첲
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ֻѩǿܣҲûһӹ˼ǿһľתߡǿֻѩǿһȻԹǰߡ
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һ˻ѩǿܾȻҧĿ꣡
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ЩǱܣͲ˼Ļڡ
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ǵǰҪЩһŹǣƾһ㣬ѩʸ½ġ
ѩǿȺûϴζԸ̿һĶԷһС鵥λ˻ʵĽ
ⲻ˵ѩǿܳ嶯ˣǱʶΪֵĲͬı˲ԡ̿ѩǿֻܵĪΣյĶ֡
ԴҪԲΪǰɱ֡ԴΣյĶ֣ҪಫȥĻᣡ
ǻǰţʱǲͣġһͣͻѩǿȺ˵ĴҪ뵽ż·ϣǲѩǿȺķʱ䡣
ڸϹѩǿܣѡǵĹԼǿ忹ѩǿܵĹ
ѩǿҪһҧʵǾǵڣڵһʱץҧסԼѩǿܣӡ
ѩǿܱԺѩǿȺĹԼˣΧʼתת˵ӡ
֪ʱȴΣյġΪѩǿȻƳ˿ܣܵĴʦѩǿɱһױʶѩǿⷽǻ˼ģͻңΣգҲЧĹֶԸԼ
һһǰǰУⲻǶѩǿȺγ˾޴ѹҲһӽݴ̿ͽػ;壬Ҫ޷˰嶼


693 ޽ӿ
Ƭ̣ѩǿȺ͵һˡ
һأеѩǿȫ뵽˽УֻѩǿȺͬʱһѷһнвνй
ѩǿСǵһεĹоԼ˫ۻдϮ˹
εĹǱѰҲѡ˲ͬӦԷʽǰһܣͰ˱ѩǿСĹ
ǰһܣһӾ͸ֻѩ˾룬Ϊٶ㹻죬ǾԶѩǿܣһӾľ룡
ֻѩǿܲûǹ壬һ硣
ѩǿܵľóˣѩǿڼĻѧļܣܣ
ʱоһɳǵĺϯȫΧĿռҲ·һ㡣ǿǰ壬ۿžҪֻѩǿˡ
ʱѩǿܣҲ׷׶ʹ˱ܣһɹɵĺѩǿ֮䣬Ȼγһ޴ıǽ
ӦѩǿķˣҵıѾóˣܲķô඼ѩǿϣǰбǽ赲Ǻ޳·ˡ
һһȭ˱ǽ֮ϡֻһֲɸ¸µǽպһ̮һѱĭ
ֻѩǿܣôҲû뵽͵ƿǽ͵ıֻ֣ɱʶܵѩǿʶͷ
ֻѩǿǵѡ񣬷׷ѡתҪľһתĶݵԭصʱ䡣
žžž
˫ȭʵʵֻѩǿܵϡ
ؼıϹͷѵӴٷɳȥƿһƵֻѩǿܣûӣҲǳһһģ
оΧѩǿܷһվѩǿһҧסԼ塣
ѩǿѾȫˣûע⵽ԼеǶôļӲһʹҪ˺顣
ǣܾȫһ˺û˺ѵȴ۶ϵ
ѩǿܵ͸ѪսʿһҲǾļСһϣռɥʧĵȫ
һѩǿܱɢ׷ҪߣôŹҧԼѩǿܡ
ʱѩǿܣѾȫûʳߵһͬɥ֮ȮһײõĻᣬҾչΣԼֲļѩǿдܶ˫ȭϴҴܵѩǿܡ
Ƭ̣ߣһѪѩǿܣһҴ档
΢Ϣһ£ǰȥ
Խߣ͸оѹԼΪʵָоԽǿңһ޶ȣѹƵĸоҲûмء
һ£Ϊʵ˽ڰ벽۷⣬û̫ܵѹơ
ԽԽǵʹҹӻһʶ̽ķʽǰ
ʶɢܱߺԶľʱ֣ЩɽԵƵϣȻԾѹƣ֪һͻᱻǶһ֡
ҰʶΧĺֻܴʶ̽Χɵľ룬ֻҪܹһΣӦĻʱ͹ˡ
ţȻ䣬ûκϢĶʶ̽
ϽվסΣϸ̽鴳Ķ
ǰ˸һĶûκεǣѾѿеľʶȫĨˡ
ӦͼĿܣôѩǿǵĿܺأҪԼܣҲӦȰѵͼķǰ棬߼ķں棬ܸõĺķԼܡЩܵĳ֣ڳ
ûô򵥣Ϊ˸ֱ۵Ŀףҹӵ
ϸ۾۲֮£ŷЩܵķͬѰ֮
ЩûǵĿܣһϵĸ塣ںĿܵƴ塣
Щܶ޵Դ壬ȴ֫
ֿܣҲӡġǾͨ޽ӣѸֿǿּ޽ӵһ𣬴ӶƳһǿĸϿܸ塣
ǰЩܣһǿ壬ֽţɹ˿أȷʵǱѩҪй
˸޽ӿܾվﲻסĵ·֪ĿֻҪӽһ뷶Χڣ޽ӿǲᶯġ
ҪЩ޽ӿֻͨǿйȥ
⣬ʶһȣһ޽ӿܾͳ˹ȥȭݺǸ޽ӿܵԴ
һ죬һȻֻҡһ£޽ӿܾȻûκεı仯
Ҫ֪һȭܹǧʯ飬֪һȭжءɼ޽ӿܾȻܹһȭ޽ӿܵǿֱܹˡ
ͬʱΪѾվ˼޽ӿܷӦķΧڣЩ޽ӿһ۾
һ˫һ۾һƵУֻ޾Į׺ݵĸоûСı飬оѹ
ⲻŶԷûκεĸ鲨ܵκӰ죬Ŷһν壬Ŀܣޱǿ壬ǻͷƤ鰡
ˢһӿһ޽ӿܶһȭȭͷķжϣ޽ӿܵҲǾ˵ġ
֪ܵĴʦʲôֶΣȻܰѼ޽ӿ޿ͨ˵֫չֳ
һȭӭȥһ죬Ǹ޽ӿΪµӵľ޴˺üʯѽ𣬵޽ӿȷʵûκεʵӰ졣
˸޽ӿȫȻЩ޽ӿܵٶȲǺܿ죬˴˼ȴǱܵ趨ˣʱΣֿռ𼶶й
һԼǿ壬һٶȸЩ޽ӿڶͬʱҲҪЩ޽ӿĽӴֱֻܹ۸Щ޽ӿܵ״ҵ޽ӿܵ㣬ܹЩ޽ӿܡ
Щ޽ӿܾ˰죬˷ֶԷ弫ΪǿᣬҲǾˣûиķ֡
ҪǣΪ޽ӿܵ֫֫޽ӵģ׹Чһ֮£ȵķ֣Щ֫Ͷȷǳ֮ãԼȭ޷ЩλԵĴЧ
ѵЩ޽ӿܾûô
Ҫͷˡ
ԣκεĿܶġĻӦǿܴʦǵˡ
һ£ܴʦ޵еĿܣ˭ֵܹס˭ܲ޵еĴ֮£
ԣⶫ϶ûֵ㣡
Ӵʶ̽飬ûзּ޽ӿܵ㡣
ЩżˣЩ޽ӿܵ㵽أ


694 ˰
Ȼۺܣµӡʵ̫ˣ⻹ոǿʼ滹֪ʲôΣ
ƴЩ޽ӿܣҲǲܹƴЩһ̫г̽һϾĿ顣
뵽չԼٶЩ޽ӿζûйЩ޽ӿܾͿԸ޼ɵй
սУüα޽ӿܻУȻûʹĸоȴǽӿ˽ĸо
һ޽ӿһ£޽ӿܵʲôŵ
⣬ƾԼǿ壬Ӳļ޽ӿܵһδػһ޽ӿܣͷʼΰնԷҪλλĹ
ͷЧزЧ߲ЧЧ
ڶһ޽ӿܵĹУļ޽ӿܸʮĴЩҲּʹĸоˡ
аˣѵ޽ӿľûκεôҪڱ𴦣һ֮޽ӿܶסҪǰĵ·ǱҪﵽЩһġ
һʱЩ꣬ۿԼ޽ӿܵĸֹЧҪһ¾ĹûЧ񹥻ʹóطֻЧ
Ϊ񣬼޽ӿܴϣо˾Υʹ
ʱðɣڼ޽ӿٴιʱһ޽ӿܵ࣬һƣ޽ӿܺһļ޽ӿܷɹȥ޽ӿײһ𣬺һȫ˵ϡ
ɵ֮޽ӿͶ뵽ΧսС
޽ĸоֻóǿʵˡ
ҪռֶεʱͻȻ֣໥ײ޽ӿеһЩȳȵ˼
ֿЩ˷ܣ
Ҫ֪ڿ˵ûһ˵ô޽ӿȳһ״̬Ϊʲôأ
ȻһԼٶζ޽ӿܵߣǸ˽ŵļ޽ӿܡ׼˻ᣬǸ˽ŵļ޽ӿܾһȭһȭô˽ŵļ޽ӿܵϡ
ˣ˽ŵļ޽ӿôǿ壬Ȼһ֮°ȸˡ
ʱһȵļ޽ӿܺһˤڵأܵ˸޽ӿǹһȵļ޽ӿֻ
Ȼ򣬸ղԼһ֮£޽ӿײײ˹ؽ֮ԲŻ˽ĳ֡Լһ£ԷһӾͷˡ
ȱģ϶޽ӿܵĵطǼ޽ӵĹؽڲλԼͿôǳԵĵȻûڵһʱ뵽˷ôʱ䣬ǲֵá
˽˶Էͺðˡ
һӱг񣬵ȼ޽ӿٴιʱûжûиԷȭǻȭΪץһץס˶Էĸ첲Ȼţʹţ͵þȫ޽ӿܵĸ첲
ڵһ޽ӿܵһ첲ȻӲ˺ˣ
ϲ֤Լ˼·ȷģֻҪҶ˼·ʣµľͲˡ
һʱ䣬ڼ޽ӿвߣ׼һק¼޽ӿܵһ첲һȡһ˸޽ӿܾûһˡ
֫ļ޽ӿܣѾκεвˡ
˸첲ļ޽ӿܣŲǰֻײ˵˾һͨ߾ܹ׶
ȵļ޽ӿܣһһܵǿǰûȵ֣һ߷ˡ
ҪʱĻŹȺֽŵļ޽ӿܻһԽ飬ʱޱȱġ
Ϊ˳׽Щ޽ӿܣ԰еļ޽ӿ֫ȫжЩ޽ӿֻһʶǾǹٽܱߵһжûֻ֫Ť壬κεĹ
ĨһѺˮû뵽ͼļ޽ӿϣȻķôľ
˼޽ӿܿƵСġʹǰμ幥嵱ɲ⡣ǿľͼǿ嶼ڲᣬĲֿ϶ǻӵļѡ
һʱ䣬˽Ųǰľ֪С
ûҹӣȻΧȻǸоںڰмһĸо
ǰһĿľȻһƬʥľ˵ϰȴһĴڡ
ⶫɲڼ޽ӿܵණһʵڵĶⶫԨ۹ֹ˵ĳλܴʦΪ޽ӿܵһЩܣ˺ӽĺƵһӽܡ
ӽ˺޵ӽ壬ǻۣ޵ļܣܹһЩǣֻǰӽƳɿܣİ˰޿ǶĿܡ
ҲˣΪʲôΧղŻˣ޵ĸ߼Ҫ߿ֵģԲΪŸṩġ
֪޿ܵɲ
һһһӣһɫĶʶ㣬Ҳ֪һʲô
Ŀ޿ܣҪһʲôٶ޵ĿƺǶûȤһûж߽𹥻۶ûһ
޿ܵ۾Ǹ˵۾డô߽ûзӦأ
ɻ󣬷ǰĽŲ۾Ű޿ܣҪһﵽҪʲô
Ȼ޿ûжڵȴ˱仯涸Ȼͻأ̵߳ĵ̣Щ̼쳣ڼ˵ĸĵ
Щź⣬һǰķԲʮɵķΧȫ
עȫ˰޿ܵϣȵЩӿʱ򣬵Ѿ̴Ьס
ֵ̣õǸɽǽһĲϣĲȻûдŵףȴ͸ĽŲһĴʹУǿҵĴﵽĸ֪ϵͳС
Ҫѵ̵ʱ޵ĿȻˣǸűӵİ޿һıӣûֱӻһͷϷĿռ䣬һ޿ܳɫĶ
ǸɫĶȻӭǣһӱһһĶ˹
ף˰һƵȦװ˭һע⵽޿ܡ
֪ⶫǵĿܣȻעе޿ܵϡʱڵĻؾͻ
ʱ˭Ҳע⵽Ķ׾ͻᱻƵ
ЩƳɵĵһ˲ɥĳǿҲǸоһɴδоʹȷʵޱȣ


695 
ܵһϵйȻÿһǺƣǾƵ·ϡ
ڴ߽Ҷ̵ĹæӦ̣ʱ޿ʱ֣ܹﵽ䲻Ŀġ
޿ֵܳķַһǰƺõġһñӷסĿռ䣬һסߡ
һжƵô޷죡
ļܣʱʶһʹù޾ԸΪʳöܹ֮ͷųס֡
޿ܴʦõӽޣޡ
Ժɿתţ˼ƿվ֡ϴܵĻԱܿĵ̻ƵĹͻ᲻ɱĸ˦ĳϡ
ǸޣΣյĸоҪϳޣ»δ֪棬ѡһӦԡ
Ӵָг˾ӭŲƹˢˢˢһҿ
ķ£˵ÿһһĵڿƺһһɢ
ϯһӱ㣬ڿҡҷƮ£·Ůɢһ㣬ɷǺÿ
߶߶ߡ
һҵ󣬵ϵĵ̾Ȼӵεضڰлһɵ̵ļ˹
ҪֵȴڽӴ֮£˾Ȼ˾
ȻӰ쵽˫֣˫ҲֹסĲ
󺧣⵹̵ϣ治һаţ
ҲΪԵʣ˺ģһҪϧһд۰ⶫõ֣úоһ£ǶԼĸ߼оشͻƣ
ɻûٶó޵İ޿һ󣬳޻һߣֱ̳
Ҫǵ̼Ĺǳ޹ѾûлĿռˡ
æУһֳֵһֻһ죬ҪץסԼ̵ĳޡ
жϺͳֵķλȫǡô޸ոյݵ̣ͱһץס
ǣץסץסˣӳϴһɴʹִʹ˼ƤĴʹһַ·ϵĴʹ
оһϽɿ֡ԭǸޣҲʹƳɵġ治ֲ֪ж̬Ƥûܵ˺ʹȴܾһʱûᵽˡ
лɼĵ̣һӸı˷ȫתһǸܵˡ
žһ죬ֱ޵İ޿һ¶ֱŴ
ɲȥˣΪе̵ļˣֻԱ
һ޿ʱˣ
һڴֵ˹
ͻײܵĹԵǱ֡
ȥˣ
ѾеҪðĸоҪǲ취ԼֵĻᶼûˡ
һǸʹܵİ޿ܳ˹ȥĹƴŰϼҲҪȸɵ޿һ
һľǰϻƬƬƬһǰ壬ʹܵİ޿ԽԽ
һԾڰԲ˾ʹܵİ޿ܾ
žһ޴żƿĲ˹
ǵĿܾǲһ֪Ԯͬ飬֪ͬԼҪԣ֪Χκ
һʵˣȻܹһӽʹܵİ޿ܣĲҲƱػᱻ޻С
޿ûƳɵģ˵ҪƴȫܹһأҲҪܴܵ˺ǿǵòʧˡҲǻһ㣬ֳֳ޵İ޿ܲŻķΪͬ
аЦ޿ȻкܸߵǣϾǻǺܷǳġѡһ㹥ƱȻȴһһ
ֳֳ޵İ޿ܳ޿ʱ͵ͷҲأ弫ٴӰ䵽˵ϡ
ŵ淴һֳֳ޵İǰһһֳֳ޵İ޿ǰ
Զƥģһ޾ûʩչĿռ䣬Ҳû
վʱ˳һֳֳް޿ܵȲ޿ǰһ̧úΪ֧ȣһһվ
ᣬ֣ǰܳһץס˰޿ĳޣһק
޿ܹȵ
һ֮£ĳ޾ȻһѶȥֻӵѾǰȵİ޿ܵĲն˹ȥ
˭֪޿ܾȻܣһתͷ޿ܵ߸۾Եһ
ƴȫҪһ޿ܣǺȻ䣬;Լһӱ޿ܵ߸סˡ
޿ܵУͷųһ޷ܾ飬Էһֱȥ뵽޿ܵУյ·һ˶ޱȵ֮һ
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ˣ˺ӽһܹƾ־һޡΪӽϰȻûϳ
Ԩ۹еһޣǳ棬û뵽޾ȻƴʦӽƳĿܡ
ܵʶһ£ȴϸо˾ʹԽʹԽ
һͣٵʱ򣬵̵ļᣬɢһƬ˷塣
ͬʱѾϢ壬ԽԽһһ
͵̵˫£оֶǴܵĴʹС
ֱţԼǿޱǿľȻ䵽ز
Լſû뵽ȴǱԷס̫ˡ
Ҳ⣬Ŀһеһ޾ƵԴޣȴƾܱ췹ģ侫̶ǿҲܹġ
ƾޱǿ壬ܵһУ˺Ҫľǽ⿪޿ܵľơ
־Ĺûƽ֣Ҫһ˼
ʼʱͨǿʶԷԿ
Կ֮£оԼʶСǵˣоÿζԿ֮£ĪʹУ϶ǲеġ
֪ʱɻľĸꡣ
뵽޿ܵľƸԼĿ֮ͨģֻҪһܹƽ޿ܵľơ


696 
ڰ޿ܵľƷ˼Ȥʱϧǿʶ޿ܵľ򣬾ܹѱľ档
ܵЩ˺ֻǸоϵʹǿԺԵġ۲һ°޿ܵľƷȻڰѿơ
뵽һǿ̺ƵĻĶԿһ£ʶԼʶִһּΪ̵ս״̬
߶ȿƵ״̬£޿ܵľ޷ʶסġȻڻͷԼʶ޿ܵľȥʶ֪޿ܵľ״̬
ְ޿ͨ۾ͷžĿƵģֻҪǺְ޿۾һӣô۾ͻᱻԷסֻҪܹסԷ񣬶ԷʶȻͻͶŵ񱳺صľƳС
ͺñͨʲô£ᱻΧһЩر龰һ龰ô˼άȻȻͻͶ뵽ȥȤŨʱעἯеҲȫҪоעĵط
ʱǸͻȻϮĴʱΪעеʱҲĳЩ򲻼еʱʱ򹥻ȷʵܹյ°빦Ч
˵ĺܣ͵һݡ
޿ܵľ񹥻ĿƶԷʶķ˼·ȻǷַ
ǿǳǿʶһĨԷʶ䣬ԼʶǣʹöԷԼԸж޿ܵľ򹥻ʶ㣬Կơ
Ҳ˵ʹǰǶԷҪԼܹʵ֣޿ܵľ񹥻ܹͨͨʶһЩʵ𲽵ĿơֻҪǾĳǿߣһ޿ܶϣӱƵ³
ϸһԼ޿ܶӵǰ̣һá
ԼͰ޿ܶӵʱϾͱԷסˡȻԼעԾľͼеʱڰ޿ܵ棬ǿޱȵʶһľƻơ
ԣ޿ǸܵԼǿʶȡٿصĲԡò˵޿ھﵽˮƽѾ¯ˡ
еЩǿֵýĵط
ǰʱ˻սʱ޷ʹÿġ˰޿ܵڿϼԸĽǿκλʹõġ
ڶĶʹÿ붼ޱ顣ŴţܿһȥԼͬ飬ԶԷֻݵġ
˽Ϳ˰޿ܵĿƷ͹̣ҲӦļƽⷽˡ
Լʶð޿ΪԼʶܵ˿ƣ޿ܾͻеľȫͶʶ
ʵ˼飬ȫͶ뵽ʱķͲɱĳ©ҷҲ֮
飡
׼˻ᣬԼǿʶȫͷų޿ôҲû뵽ʶȻǿ˵ز
˲䣬޿ܵʶǿʶҡ
ĨĨĨ
ʶذѰ޿ܵʶһĨȻڰ޿ܵʶԼʶӡ
޿ܾͱˣ
һнųһ󣬽Ӹ˰޿ܡ

žƼܵİ޿ܣʱѾĿܣ£޿һޣֱԼͬϴȥ
žһ޽ʵʵƼܵİ޿ܵϡ
һĳ˻ǸƼܵİ޿һ˼ɸߣͨһˤڵأ鴤ȻҲûаֵս
֪ƳɵģĹû뵽ֶȻô˺
Ƽܵİ޿ʧȥսϵҲ⿪䣬Ȼķʽ˼˲ľ档
һصջķᣬ˽˰޿ܵľ񹥻䷽ԼĿԼĿܹһ̨ףһĲʣջνС
һеʱ򣬺Ȼϵĵ̣һӷ壬ٴγ˼ǸƵİ޿ܳȥ
ɲܾҵϽܽз޿ܻӶĳޣĵ̡
۾鷢ˣ޺͵໥ײĻ𻨣޿ܵĳۼһ㱻ṇ̃Щһɽ˷ĩ
ʲôֱеץˡ
ΪŪôĲأգۼĵˣ
ķӦν죬һ˹ȥ־̵һ̣̼ʱһ̳˰޿ܵķһ˰޿ܵϡ
һ޿ܵ˵ϡ
޿ܵѪ˳ŵγɵ˿ڷɰ۵ĲᡣոŪһܣûˡ
ʱ򣬵ȻûֹͣŰ޿ܵĳӿ˹ȥֻž죬̺ͳͳͳһѷĩ
ưգۼɶûˡ
ڣֻʣԼŵһọ̈а޿ϵĵˡߵ˰޿ܵߣѵק˳
һקȻֱקһ⵹̲⣬ƵҲĵѪֻۣҪ壬ͻ̶סһͨѪ۰ѪѸٷŸɡ
Ƶ̵ˣҲʦﰡ
ЩôͻȻ֮ת޿أ
ϸԼƵǸ޿ܣڵڵλãһĻ壬λá
һ˼ˣƿܵĴʦµһ·һʧȥ֮Բͻ̵ĹӶܡ
ƿܵһ˴ֻҪԼڿڵıǱĨͻͨԲʾͻ
ò̾ĵնʵϣǼϣ׿Ȼϵˣܵ˼ϣҪѧϰĵطǺܶġ
ǰƿܵķһʧô죬ǲ̵ģҲЧġ
ٿһ޿ܣﻹǻ鴤Ƴɵĳޣ޿ܵʶʵ̫ˣѾ׵ķˡ
ֻ֪һûԼ˼ĿܣǲĿܾ鴤ܵľӡȫĨܲͬһһˡ
ʰ׵һ£Ҫǰϣͣһ£ָһԼʶ
ط˲Сġ
İ壬֪жδ֪Σա
Իָһ£ȥ·ܳüĻҪ


697 Ī
ţȻоΧһж뵽ޱߵļž״̬ȥ
ָоͺһ˱ھԷյСΧȫ룬ûûκεܹоĴָо
ָ֪оԴܵʲôӰ֮Żеġ
ͺñ˵һ˳ϣΧĻǿ͹۴ڵģĳض£˵ĸоǴĲͬˡ
Ǹղ˵Сݣܹ˵и֪е˾Ǹо粻һ
ǰĻԲСĻһʮֿտĿռ䡣ĻܹѹֵĸоͲôѰˡ
࡭࡭
Ķʴĺ˳˹ȥһͿһСɽһſ˯
˽ǰ޵ĺɾͬһˡϸޣͷˮô󣬿Դ˶һȣֱСĿӴĵطڶӡ
һﻹһβͣʮô
ĬĬʶ̽һ£޵ʶһʶѹƣбʶӡ
ѵǸʶޣ
Щ⣬ȻȽǰĸֿܣԲһΣҲͱѩǿܹǿ㣬ⶫôأ
ҪһǣǲγɸղһӸоޱѹ֣·˵ĸо
˼Ȼ޵ֹͣˣвϽˡ
޶ȻԼ˫ۣӨӨ۾ͺͭô󣬺Сıǿһһ·ð̳
޵ĸ֪ͷӦǾҪǿٱġΪʱһһ˲ĲпỷУĸ֪ˣǷӦٶȲˣõľ޴졣
Ļ£ܹޣԲǽҵһģǾ飬һɳģ޵ĸ֪ͷӦġ
Ӧ֮䣬ڳ˿һ˲ɵ顣޳βʹſֲƿͺɨ
Ѿ˷Ӧ޵βʵ̫ˣٺ˵Ҫβ͹ķΧ֮ڡ
ۼ޴βɨۼѲˣһӲסΣһȭӭ޵β;ʹ˹ȥ
һ죬оһɽ޵βϴ̲סŵŵ
ء
Ҳ˻
һ£վСɽһϸԵøߴ͡޵ֻӨӨ۾ֱҪŹһݺݶס
һ죬һ޴ĺڶһĴҧ˹޺䣬оһɶԼŻ
΢΢һΣһߡһҧգ޴ͷ­ߣȭͷ޵Ӿһȭ
һޱȭ޴ĳͷһһ߷Ʈȥ嶼Ǹȥ
ˡ
˳ķ˺üס壬ûſ£
һһתͷޱӨӨ۾ת˲˻ɫ
ۡ
ٴſͣһοɲϢĳһŨŨĴź̵Ļ˹
֪ʲô
ʱ˵һЩɽĵڣϢһޡޱΪĪ
ĪĻɽҪʮ⣬Ǽ緢ʮ̵ֶĻɽΧſޡ
ΪĻʼлɽ緢ԿĪĻûб֡Īĳɳ̣һ໥ɱ໥ɵḶ́ĪͬΪʳԼ̳һЩɽҡ
ԿĪʮײУⶫǻԵޣͨͬʹԼĻԸǿ̳ԻɽңԺܹŻɽһĻ档
ֻ治ʮңлɽҼ̺ܹһӾϢľ綾
Ҵ⣬ζΣһƮ˻ĹΧǿĪĳβӰɨ˹
м䣬ΪŤܿĪĻ棬õ˴󲿷ֵԼɨĴβͣѾ޷˲ڵȭԻˡ
һԼӲĪβһʱоԼһӷǶߵķһƮ˰ա
ĪȻڼ˻ֹͨɱ¾ɳޣǳڲ׽ᣬһβͰɨ˿Уžһ죬һڻ
ڿиûнĵطϽӽָͳոΪؾƵĶƣӭŻ˹ȥ
һø߼Ƹ߼ƣȻһգ۵ʱͻ˻ҡ
ΪƵֵһ¿ĪĻ棬˳䵽档
֪ĿֲǰͲܸ޴˳ˣһԷ˳ˣǿ壬ܣǿʳֿУÿĪˡҪǳɾ鷳ˡ
ԣûкˣƮλĪǰ
ľޣԽԶԽܷӣ굽ǰǾ޹ǣӴǸ׸
ĪȻûǻۣĪǾսߵ˽ĵزһһеĽĪ˼
һĪٴ˦βͣҪͨβ͹ɨԼԶĵط
ЦӭſĪβͳ˹˫ǰ죬Ȼ䱧ס˿Īľ޴β͡
ͣþȫ˫ڵϣԼѿĪβ͸ͣˣ
оĪһ˲һͦ˫һ˦ŭ𣡡
ƥſĪβһӷ˰գ֮ĿĪľ޴Ҳǽŷ
˫ĿֱҪɳһ˫۱ſĪľβºݺһˤ
һ죬ĪСɽһ˵֮ϣ棬Ǻݺݻζһ£·ǵһ㡣
ɲְ꣬ѿĪ˰գٴκݺˤ
˷ǿĪϽǣҲܲˡһδεײһδεͬ𺳣˿ĪԽԽǿı
ҲԽԽʵЩĸо
ӽѩǿȺʼĶһһ̬һһѶԸûгԱһӶе˽켯屬
ˤСɽĿĪоԼƺһδεˤйˣˤ㣬Ī
ޱ˷ܵʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ޱ߼žѹֵĸоٴŲ
֪ĪǲԼĸоģΧҲûбĶָоǴʲôطӰ쵽Լأ


698 
ɵʱ򣬵͵ؾҵ⶯ɲˤĪģǵԷĳ
⶯ԽԽĵ棬ⲻҪɡĪѾʱˣɿ˿Īת۲
أ⶯˾ҵĶչѿһ޴Ŀӡ
顭
ѿĿУʯЩʯ䵽Ϻ󣬻ڲϷʯ˴˼ӴһӾںϵһ
һȥеʯںϵһ𣬵ֹͣ⶯ҽϵһһжع鵽ԭģ˶һ޴壬ͺʲôûзһ
һʱ䣬廹пĪȫֹԭأ˭Ҳͺһסһ
⵹붯ϸоһɸɽֹһĴִͺһ͵ĴɽԼĸо
ѣޱ߼žѹָоԼɵġ
Ȼ䣬巢˱仯嶼ڶ
ͻأ䣬廯֫ͷ壬ͺһʯһ
ʯˣһɶߣǰĽ˶͵һһʸкܡ
ĸоУԱȿĪǸСˣΣճ̶һҲȿĪ
Ȼ˿еһּƷǾ÷ʾ״Ȼƿܵ˰ԼĲʶעУӶγһּΪĿܡ
ǰˣͿΪƵĲʯԱΪʯܡ
Ŀܿǿе̳
ΪһƵĿܣĿܣĿܶʶλãֻҪĨ˿ʶעԼʶͿһܡ
ΪʶλãԹעߵʶҲסһһףܱǸԼԭʶںϵģһһʶĹʶۿۡ
ͨ׵ıȷһ۷߳ɿܣֳܹڳڵʵŶʵˡ
ƷľǴͬǺģණûд洢ʶľ岿λҪעߵʶȴһǳѵ顣
Ҫһܹʶܹʶָĵط
̣Ѷȿˡ
ƷľǷǳѵģʧʷǳ֮ߡ˵ʮεƵУֻвһεĳɹᡣ
û뵽ı̬ܣˡֲܹоޱ߼žһѹָоܼһɽһľ˵ĸоܲѹô
ϵ˵ȣ˱صľˡܣ˵֮ҲΪ
ҴʱֻҪĶпܾͻᷴΪʤڣȻҲóԸˡ
ߵĲǵģⶫĿܸǻۣΪʯۼƵģǿޱȱ̬ʵǲöԸ
Ծʱ
ÿһϾӡһĽӡⶫˡ
һ쫷Ȼڿмܻȭ˹ɽһƣ𼤵оһͣ
һԱһûһȻһХɨ˹
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һʱ仹û취лֻԼƮܺͿĪļл
ıֹ̬У΢һɣͻ뵽䱻ľС
ܱ޴󣬵ǳһȭ߿һȭ˹ȭ͹æˣԱߵĿĪû𣬼βɨܽĿյ
һʱ䣬е
Ѿ˵Ӱڿе治ϴ󣬵ܺͿĪı̬ϴ£ȻоߵĹҪеŲռȫסˣ
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ҪܣһǱ̬ҵ߹עʶĲλǲܴܵġ
һУܵһȭ˹һʱҲͷȭݺݵظܶһȭ
һ߶ȭĵطܻʮͣҲǺ
һռ˱ˣʵȴġ
ΪϾģܶһȭʵϾͺһɽɹһȭȥһʯƣȻûʲô˺ȴеһѪӿ
˺Чǳ˿ġ
ء
ĪƺһУһУһתͷ˿ĪѪ۾ɢһֻζ
ŭкȻһ˿С
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Īһðղűһٺ⣬ζĿۿɱܲô
һĪ˼ˣ˼϶ǸǿæҶסСһ
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ĪľβݺײһһײȻǻĽ΢һ£Īβһӱ˻ȥ
ϾͷɱҪĪΧܴôǸƴٶȣмһζΣܵһǼȭȫ߿ա
ΣѾڽ˿Īľ޴Īһ˴СƬС
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ȵķŭ£ĪҲѾߣſ죬Χ¼Ũ̵Ļ档
Ҫ֪ĪµĻŻɽζĻ棬ȻʯҲǶĻǳɵ
ĪѾûǵ棬ܸϽȥ


699 ְ
ȥھֲһ֣ͿרĶԸĪˡ
Ѿ˿ĪǰͿĪĹ̬ϷתĪʵ̫޴ˣڽߵֻǰצӹ»в
һж˵ֱ̫׶ˡĪҪ̧צӲܹ𹥻ڿĪ̧צӵʱͲӰ
ò׿һڻ΢΢һʧˡ
ɿĪĲλֱǱ۾ҵŵĪһһһƬʹӿĪϵ
ĪԽԽ壬ȴûаְ취أĺб͵͵İȡĪµѪѾҪɺˡ
ͨһĪصſ˵ϣͷת
ᣡ
϶˿ϸղڰ޿򵽵ľƷһӾͰѿĪ
ĪܵĸоãĪʶžҵԼʶ޿һƬһĲ֣ĪʶԽµӰʶоԽԽԽ
ڣĪʶˣϰеʶȫӿ˳ȥĪʶ˱һЩıܣѿĪʶ϶ˡ
Լʶӣһɣ
ʱǰܾ쵽˲ðſܱĪ˵Σգܷһ㱼ĺ󱳾һȭ
ʱոɶԿĪĿƣӿʶոջܵȭ͵ˡ
κεķӦʵʵһȭ
һ£Ƽһ˳ȥ
£һɽһĶɹصһһֱɵɽϣűط
һ壬ҲоѪӿĲ
ѾٶκεηˡǰһҲ֪֪һζ
ͨʶĪϵĪܷ
ĪʱΪʶĨˣҲûʹĸоӵ͵վܾһڻ档
ܿû뵽ԼսѾȻԼ֣ȵоҪܵʱѾˡ
Īһڻ棬ʵʵ絽ܵϡ
ܵ棬ȫڻ˵ĺۼ
̾һｵһﰡԼƥȭûκε˺ǿĪĻɽʵĻ棬ȴܹ˺
ȻĪһڻ˼ܵıƤֻҪ˳˺ܱɵǳˡ
ܿߵʶģһĪˮҲȥˣǱſĪȥˡ
顭
ܵȭһԶ˿ĪϣĪԳβܡ
һǶ֡
ܵʵҪڿĪĪĻܵĿǡ
ʩչԼı£ƹսһ
ȡ˼Ϊƫ򣬾ԱԹۡһռƣһ᧿ΣʱϳȭѳϵƸƽ˲˵һߡ
ΪսƽܺͿĪ˺ۣܾˣ
ܵϣĪĻյģ壬ʸеΣҲ˳ªĵ˰̵ĴڡĪңµĲλǿƬˣȫѪģӣĪǻðѪ
ĪϾѪ֮˵òӣԼҲˡӿѪҲɺԣڿĪȻأҲû
ųªܣ˲Ц֮ÿĪƴԼĿĵġ
ܿʯƵİһʵʵıڸ߼ĲУҲǼƷ
ĺöôܹ˷أ
˵ʵڵܱĪʱеʹĸоû취ҪԼʰܵĻҪٵܣܽܵġ
ְѾˣ͸ǳˡ
ܾľ޴ټϿĪѾˣûͬİȰӰǶץ
ĵܵϲ̣ɲ̣ͨѰܵ˰ʶϵʲôλá
ĪԺܵٶԵһȼȻܹõϣĶĶ
ڣҵ˾λãλúܱעʶһӾͱˡܻһС徻һռŵԼĽָС
Ϊ˿ĪܵԾһؿʱûģǵõ˺ܺõϢõ徫еľϲ
ʰ徫ȥߵʱΧĿռһˣԭ;տĿռøӵĿտ
Ŀռ䣬ȴûи顣Ϊ֪ζΪ󣬶ĹռУܹºܶĹؿԸԼ
ҲովһУֻǸͷˡ
Ȼ䣬һɵϢоϢȻᣬĸоȴǸĪ⡣
һ߱ϢҲ˵ǰһڵ
ϸʶ̽ȴƹ֮һϢǣȻ첻Ϣʵˮƽ
ɾ̫ˣʵǲܹ۷ʵ֮ġʶǳ֮ǿǱΪߵߣҲܹ̽ġ
ѵǰʵѾߵ̽鲻ô
е㳶ζˣҪĸ֣òʲô޷˼άܹ͵ͨ
ѭϢƽϢԽԽŨĵط
һģı뺷ӣڿտĵطĿһ㴹վš
һֱߵ꺺ӵĶʮಽԶľͣ
ιҵȵĺɣȫ䱸˵ķӦ
ɵ˰죬ҲûԷӦ
Щ֣ʱˣֵطбҪװô
㲻˵ҴԱûзӦ
뵽һע꺺ӣһ߾Ը꺺ӶʮľԶΪޣ꺺Ĳ߹ȥ
Ҫ꺺ӴλҪ߹ȥʱ꺺͵ضˡо·һϮĸо꺺Ʈ˹ֶ̧һȭ
һȭԵЩƽ棬һûд
ǻ
ȫ꺺Ӿͻһȭ
ϲսʽֱӲӲһӾпֳܷʤ


700 
ֻȭͷһӶԵһ𣬸뺷ĶȭȣһصĶȭûз̫졣
һһ
ȴоһɺƥӶԷȭͷϴ
ŵŵʮסΣٿǸӣ˿
񾳣Щˡû뵽Ȼܹϻ񾳵ĸ֣
ǺԥͰѾ˳Ķ֣ǲκεд
Ͼһ¶Ը⶯ܣǿһһ
˭֪Ƶ˰죬꺺ӾȻ˿·ղŸԼһȭĸͲˡ
ɲһɺţһһߣֱ꺺ӵͷ˹ȥ
Ǿ꺺ɵ꺺΢΢һ׾ٵľͶһ
һ߿գһ¿ľƽƣ꺺ӵؿھͺƹȥ
ʱ꺺ӵ۾ˡ
֣꺺ӵ۾û˿ɣտյһһƬ޵ĸо
꺺β̧ºݺһġ꺺ӵһƣĵϣ͸оԼ̲סľ
ÿֲ
׸꺺ӽϾ˳ŵǰһȻ꺺ڵϵгû꺺ӵĹΧ
ַˣ꺺ӵĹΧ꺺һˡ
һ˼뵽һֿܡ
꺺пܾһƵƿܵĹߣһֵ֣ˡ
˸ܵǣĨ˲ϵʶԼʶעȥԼĿܡûκεʶֻ¾д˻Ƶһж
ⶫҪȿܸѣҪҲ̣Ǵﵽ벽۷߸ոܹơ
Ϊ˲УҲСΪƻͨҩιɵġΪڰ벽۷壬ܲҩΪȰ벽۷ˣҩֲãֻΪߡ
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ĵطĻܹͨιҩ˵Ϊ硣ͨιĵҩܰѻ˵ΪڵˮƽҲˡ
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Żˣеͷۡ˵ǰĴʮİյĻԻ񾳵ĻˣҪúöһ˼ܹһء
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˵Զ˵ĵطôͻƻһؿ
еİ취еĻǾֻжˡ
һΡ
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Ȼܹƾ忸һ£֪һµζ϶ǲˡһתڰб˵Ĩ˹
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ϲòûάֶã˶Ȼӿ˽࣬һȭһż䣬ҵ磬еƣмܡ
ԭ˱Ͼûʶļһܹսʶսĳּ£ܹһչֳԼʵ
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Ȼ䣬һȭݳȵķ֣һȭȻеһȭ֮ȻΧĿռŤˣ
һʱ䣬սҲ
ŭһ˫סעھ֮ϣӭŻŤռһȭͳȥ
˵͵͵һҫ۵ĹâƵһĵâֱӾն˻һȭĿռŤ
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һڶĿռ䶼ھҵĶ·ĩһ㡣ĵâһӱ˵ȭûɵ⣬˵ȭҲâնûС
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֪˶ȭͻ˶Щҡҡλεĸо
һΣֳεĳУѵ̲С
ָҪȭû뵽һȭȴǴ˷ĵϡ
һ˻˵Уҧһ˵İƾȻڵϱˡ
ûʹеģٴص̳ȭ˻Ƕȭõ̰ѻ˵첲һȫ
û˫۵ĻˣսȻһ롣õ̶Ը˵ĴȣĻˣֻʣһν
ڸ㶨˻ˣеһƣƣͬǺܾûˡ
ϢȴȻһߣģ˶ܸɵȻǲͬ찡㲻ĶôŰĶӿδؾǰӴ


701 
͸оһ亹ҪˡκεΣǰǾԲ¸߰ͷġ
ǹϵԼӵɲš
ʲôˣɸҳһͷβģʲôúȵ
ǸЦǰҾˣҲû˵ҲúϾ½ϣܸģ˲֪ߵغģǿûߵİ׳աһͲˣôÿ㣬Ȼıӣٺ١
;ûӿޱߵĿַһĸоЪ˹ȵҪǸҶҵĶҶȻҪǺϣ
ߣ˵ݻǰߣȻĻԸ
˵仰ƾôҲû˴ˡ
˲Լ廹ûиԭϽɿǰȥ
û೤ʱ䣬ǰΧһ
ͣ˽Ųϸ̽˵
ɶǻߣԪӤڵΪ磬о˵Ϊܲľ磬ܿǵҩιߡ
ʶŵΧŵһɵôһ
ⶫƲƲʶһⶫϾоһԶźһĸоǰеĴڶƺһӤһһ
ĻƣʸУֶĤݵĳ嶯
⾿һʲô
ʶ㣬ҲҶ϶ⶫ
Ҫﴳȥٴһ˻ǲƵĶ
ǰеʱΧǼƵĶΧ˺Ȼ̧֣ŲƵĶһơ
˵һ·ǴһɣǼƮ
һʱ䣬оԼǱޱ޼ʵʱһôŬ޷ӽˡ
󺧣ôҲ벻ףôᷢ顣Լٶᵽ˼ޣǳźǣ޷ӽˡ
ΧڲΧˣͺһĻӰһӽûа취
ǸЦÿٶȰǲģҪﶼȥıӿɾҪֲסˡ
ߣţһ֪ʲôֲסġһ߼ۣһش
ǸȻǻ㻹ʲôʸô˵֪ôǰǼϵȻưܲˣȴ޷ġΪܹƿռôܹͻƿռƣ
ԭˣˣֲԼôҲ޷ӽ˰ǼƵð
ΧԱߵˣӦþǼĲٿߡܹͨʹƵӳԼĹйЧ
ǴĿռģܹ˵ܹƿռͨ߹ĲٿأʹǰĿռ죬ǰܣʵϾĿռܣôҲܵǰġ
ЩһͣסΣ̧ͷԶ
Ȼ䣬۵糸һ˹ȥ
ٴһĴӰٴٴεĸоԼǱĿռһ
ûмԼٶȣͻأ䣬ȻеľԼΧþ˷籩һȥ
ǸЦôˣѵĵܹٳһͨĵ·ô
Ҳشеľ趯ͣϴ߷ڵעȥ
أ˵ͨҲɢ貵Ľ⡣
ࣵһȻųĵââΧĿռݺȻɬޱȣǰĿռ侹Ȼ˻˻Ť
˵һŤĿռһӱˣյʮľ롣
ȻûʧȻܹõâĿռ䣬һΪ֮һ٣û뵽ǵ˽㰡Ҫ֪ռ䲻ţСԣҵҪôܹһصġ
Цʲô޷赲ҾȳԼĶӣǾ仰һϵġ
ܹأͻҵġǵ°ռڣϣܹ㡣
˵ʱʵǲϣҡ
ǸҲû˵עŵϡ
ƵѾưܵĵزˣֻпߵ˹ǿעܹʹ䷢áⲻò˵ʹõһ̰塣˵ˣҪ𣬾ƾɫǸ޷ٿġ
ͷ۵ľĿռƹܣղŵĿռ죬Ѿʹ˳̵ڻ֪ʲôãеͶĸо
һ߶ǿһһأеһȻͳ˹
ЦһվҪӭȥȻȵķ֣ԼȻסˣһҲˡ
ԭĽռĹܣ
գۼ䣬ǸԪӤڵߵĽǰһ֣һâ˹
âգۼ͵ǰߵľ룬âҲͣͲǰˡԭΧߵĿռ䡣
ӻصԼλãһλ
˵һ죬ȻԼܹˡߵâҲٿһµǰ
һƫͷâûлȴǲӹ֪ԷõʲôʵĶȻоʹ
ƫͷâͬʱԪӤڵٴδ߶˿ռ׼ȫҪĿռȴԼͬӣʹ޷Ŀռơ
һΣͬʱ˳âȻȥȡȡ˿ռô̵ľڣ޷Чܡֱâˣʱġ
ȥɲǰ취ķԼҪı
ȵٴηϮȥȡռʱ䲻Ϣһ˲ûѡâֱӭâ
߶߶ߡ
ʵʵâĳ͸ойֱԺʹС˲ЩһӴԭλó˳
ԼİΣڲһѣĵԼ㹻ǿᣬҲĵԼٶٴνʱܹ嵽ǰ
ľٶȻǳߵϣû˻ڽһķӦвһðΣճ
һ˲䣬Ѿɱǰ


702 
ڰлһߣۿžҪΧԱߵߡ
ʱѾĵ֮ϡ
ϸоһճ赲ԼеĶĹĻɱȴ·һӻ˻ͺԭĿУһΧˮһ㡣
ԺʶĻ֮⣬ٶȣ˲ɬޱȡۼԼľһ޼󣬾ȻÿݳһһҪķ޴ܡ
ĵͷһѾһߵľˣϴ߷ԼֻҪǾߵϣܹɵһԼͻܶѹ
ɾѾ߷Ľҫۣһߵľ룬ǵݲȥʱ֮йâƵˡڵȴǣ˸üҪըˣһ㵶âҲûг
ĿռȻֲ˹
ԪӤڵĸְͷת¶˲̶Цݡ
ͼٴһλ
һ
ƺһѰĿֲоԼ徹Ȼ˱ѹĸо
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ΪֻҪߣͻ㣬ǿʶֶܹԷġ
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һ޷е㡣ǰߣʤǿҪľҪץסԷ㣬һ㶼̸սʤԷ
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ЩԪӤڵĸ֣ǵҩιĸ֣ȻΪ絽ԪӤزʹõĳ־ԺϣԶԶȲϿزͬΪߵġ
ҲΪԵʣ߶ķѴĹУԪӤڸֻкõΪ˳Ŀռѹ״̬⼸ֲòڹĹССĵһԼȡ˳һԭĿռѹ
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У˶ֲϵһ覴ãǾٿĹУһݵ䲻̵Ŀհ׽׶Ρ׶λһգ۵ʱ䣬˵ȴһᡣ
뵽Ҳȥ߶Ҳ߶ռѹĶԿԼǿǿܿռѹĶľ޴ѹ
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ⲻһĽȴһһһĽԪӤҪǲͨٿŪͻѿռѹɵߡ
ҪǼֲסҪԪӤ߲ٿصѹ
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ʱԪӤ߸ǺȻޱȡǰУĿռѹܹʯ֮֮˲仯Ϊ촷ۣĿֲ൱һɽĿռѹ˲촷۵Ч
ôֵ̬زǰ㣬ѾȰɽҪ̰
ʱţԪӤߵȻǺķѾ޴󣬲ʽĹڲȵʱԽԽܹڲȻָʱҲԽԽȻʱǴָʱ䣬ǰǳ̵ļʱ䣬Ѿʮݳ޵ˡ
ҩԪӤеһȵ
ȣԪӤһֻֿһֻǴӻͳҩȥ
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Щ飬ܹġԪӤڵߴ߶ĵǺģϾ޶ȵģ˺ʱҲû취
ܿһεľˣʱԪӤӦ壬ٴγĿռѹһȴԪӤԭľҩոտʼʱ
ʱ䣡
һжҪʱ䣡
ֻҪһʱ䣬ԪӤ߾ܹƿؾ棡
ʱ䣡ͬҪʱ䣡
ֻҪһݵ㹻Լһιʱ䣡
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703 
Ĵ߶£˺ƥһδԶâѾݵԪӤߵĽǰ
ʱԪӤڵͬʱĵϡ
һ˻
ΧĿռ䣬ٴαĽסâҲۿɼٶһ
ޱһȴ쳣ǿǰ졣ռǿãľ޷ջֹͣ
һأֹ֮ͣǰһʱһԪӤߵĲ
꣡
ʱԪӤߵͷһӷ˳ȥǻѪһӴɶߡ߹ҵȻоԼܵĽôˡ
Ȼƽһ磬ȴܹƶ
㹻ˣ
һԡѪһӽ˵ڶԪӤڵߡ
ݳһͬһ˶ϡ
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ʣµĸðԻһȣƴˣ
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һȭڲ㿪ìֵĳìͬʱȭʵʵ˶ֽĶǽϡ
ľһСӵʿķһȭ϶ǽ˲飬еСӳԱȫɳȥ˶ģ󲿷Ҫ
һĻˣһȭȻһȭһӴЩʵʵڵĶȻһоҲûС
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ȭΧʿȴûܵһӰ죬ìһ˸˹
ΣյĸоٴռûѡЩӲǳˣܿ˴Լĳì
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ţһڴ½ϹΪһ˵ǰ龰Ǹ˵Ǽ˵Ǻϵġ
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һݡ
½ϣû¹ĶЩ²㲻ɻ䣬˵еţ˶ɻ䲻ѵĶ


704 й¶
½ΪԶҲΪֲĴ˵Դ׷ݵ½ϴʼʱ
Ǹʱ壬ԨһЩȽϴǰʱͻȻͳûκηκιǷҲܾ͵ظһıš
Ϊûκε½кܴͬ˰Ϊһ壬ǵľҲΪš
ƾű̬Ĳһɨ½ֵǣžҪɨƽ½һͳµʱžȻĪȫʧˡ
ʧɲ𲽵ʧһҹ֮ȫʧ·ϴûڹһ
½ĸţԶű˵Ĵ˵ʧһ˵ϺƣŵĳֺɣŭĴܣһˡ
ŵ޵һսҲһЩĻѣһЩ廹ܲŵܣϣܹƿľš
ĸս֮УйŵĴ˵ǵԺҲֻʣ´ˡ
ڸظľԶչУٴιٴ½Ĵ˵ûκεĿ֤ˣЩҲֻô˵ķ֮
κһȺ˶ļɻ䣬Ͻ̸۴ŵ飬Ͼǲһͳ½ĿֲڰǼڸԶżС
û뵽Ȼط˴˵еš

һСʿı˷ͣһɳ󣬳ìǰ֪ЩìҪˡ
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վӾͿԶԶʵԶ̲һĹһķǷǳʵõһΡ
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˵꣬ٴδӡһأӵΪ̴ٶƵǷˡ
ǰǼСӵĳԱܵԵС
ţϴ˲תɹĶε

ܣеŶǰմͳս任ΣÿŵĹִӣȫǰƵǰСЩ֣ȻֳݶӣǰݶӰڵϣֱͦͦվԭء
еָӶģִӵĴӳе鹭ȫλγսеĹŹֲĹڶ
ʱѾûκε·ˡΪ˶ӣҪȫԼҪսʤţһʱս죡
Źִӳս͵һն
е鹭ųļ
ݡ
ǧļ𣬴Ŵ̶ƿ


705 ֮
ҪǶľӣȫӹĹԼǿӲˡ
ʡʱʡһԶԷɼΪ𺳵ѹ
ţǲд󡣱ɨľеսʿܸǧСŵľе
Ѿһ㣬λס
ǵصļ𣬸ľһ
Ծǣײ֮£ûзײǺľ˲ľһ۵
һϾ۵һһźЩûɢΧþòɢ
ֵһ𹥻һŨŨĺסˣһϢȳζֱıӡ
ãǼ߶Ժ͸ʴԵǧ긯ʬζ
ֶһ룬Ͼͻ뵽˵̼ͻ˳ã˵涾ޱȡ
ҺԭͣͣΪⶫܹƤ֮ʴ塣
Ȼ壬ҲܳʱţѸʬ嵲⣬ǿлţĻǸʬ壿
̧һȭȭ罫ų忪һ󶴣źûвһ˲䣬˺ֵķΧ
ñ̬ţ
ȻܹѸʬɼԷֵܵһҪ˶ԷҪֵܹͻɸʬʴԷ
ƾһ㣬Ųɨƽ½Ĵ˵ͼΪš
ΧںĵζɲܣҪսʤ֣ҪƣȻĻ棬ͻṥŶսĺô
뵽ζΣԼļ٣ĸ֮ǰɲǰܵģŵǰ沼˴赲һŹԼרĶԸһʵƵĿġ
ŲµоأʼҲ߲󣬶ûвһЩǿ󷨡
ΪãܴδؾܸĴЧɱˣֹܴԻһ󷨸ױƣܰѽ;
ףϳ˵һûвԸš֪ŵŶЧҪĻԶˣ̽ϣЧǳõġ
һɷһŵĶС
ŵսߣ˽Ҳû̫ĻңǱսΣӴսʿŻ𹥻
սʿһûйκһսʿսʿкһܶ
ԽԽսʿӿҪսʿûˡ
ͻȻ䣬еսʿȫͣһӣ̨Ϲսıӵĸһ
Ȼһ˲ʧˣ
ôܣ
ƽ̨ϵ˼ҪúѰһ׶㵽ʲôطȥˡ˼ǵɵҲûп
Ȼ˾һ綸һսʿȻվԼߡ
˲Ŀսʿһۣһӣʾսʿȥ
ٺٺ٣ѵҪǶָôǸսʿȻ˵ˣ
˾֮˼ڵء
ûսʿʩչ仯ġ
嵽ŵУȻһսʿ㣬仯սʿӣѰ㡣
ɵƽ̨֮ϣȷʵʵּƻõġƽ̨ϵż֮¿͵ƽ̨ıϣϾͷ
֣һһһ˵ߣһȭ˴ڵأǵƽ̨ţûְ˺Ƭ
ѾûսˣƮػ͵ߡ
ػͿȥĿͣЩ㱵˼
ߵػ͵ߣʵͶͶôˣܹ˵ô
ػĿ͵ӣĻδš
Ͷ£͸˭Ҳܰô۾һȣἸҪˣػ§˻С
ͻȻȻһɾΣյĸооԴͷǻػͣ
ػ͵֪ʲôʱһذףذ׺һĹʣػͱĸͶݺͱ
æз˱ܵķӦػ͵͵һ˦
ιľӽ㣬ôҲԼĶӻнģִ֮£ܿһ̣ȴذ׵Ĳиһӡ
ֱŷһУԸһجΣҲԸʵ
һ˲䱻ˣ
½޵Ĵ桪Ȼ壡
˲֪ʲôʱ㿪ˣܵ˺ԶĵطЦû뵽ɣĻڡУǶô˿õ鰡վǰˡ
붯ȴһ˿ֵĸо󾪣жļ󣬶½ϣûκεĶܹκġ
ѵĶأ
Ҳֻһֿˣ
гôƲϵ˵½ѾĪϵȻܹеĲϣеΪʲôĶأ
жζܰɣⶾĶ͸ģ͸бζɣȸʱ䣬ȥĶӣҲҳȫǸټһ档
ˣǻ˵ԼϽȥԼ˦ȥػ͡
ػѾԹȥˣø̫ΣǲøΣѩ֪˵ʱҲָŻԵĶӣᡣ
ͶͶǸײã
ػͽ§˻ȻҪػͼһ¡
һ飬鼸ǵ뵽˱㡣
ػ͵Ҳ˶ҶԸԼڵĶԻһԼܹɶʱ˵˿ΧػȴѾǶ࣬᧿Σ
ʱ޷ػͽⶾķֻȲȡػȫ㡣ָɣػϵоѨȫסָػιһܵⵤҩȻܻػеĶȴֹܹػϵĶؽһ
ػһʱڱסֻҪܹסͻҳ취ػͣ
ƽ̨ϲ˾ž󣬰ػΧġĻҲ뵽˺ػ͡
ػͰٺԺ˫ĿҪվҪˡ
һվ뷢;˵Ĳλֵģ˿еĶأ쳣ĻԾǹһһ˼Ҫͻķա


706 춾
Ҫǰ壬ȴû͵ſ̨ϺŴ
һеľҲ˵ϡ
˹Цӽ
ȴǻֵСģӽʱһŰѾߵһߣûзӦʱȻٹ۾һš
벻鷢ˣһۿе˵Ŀȴûг֣ΪµѾûˡ
ûףһֻѾ˵Ĳ֮ϡ
ⲻܣôĶ֮󻹻ı֣ⲻܣЩ״Σֱеˡ
½пܣµĶ˫һʱⲻҲܰѶطգЩ㻹Ҫôˣ㻹ǵ˵Ļôʮƽ˵ĶȴǷ͸ĺ⡣
⻰һ亹ֱӾˡ
ô᲻ǵĻ˸ҶҶͻٱһʱ䣬Ĳ֪ôشˡ
ѾѾȡˣþԼ˿һѪݵ˵ǰԸı½еĶأȴǸ㲻ʲôҲ²⣬ĶӦò½İɣ
˾ֵĿͷҡҡͷóԵʮֵìܡ
Ǻǣ㻹ԱҰУһֱҳ޶˱ֿġҺҶӶĶҪҵⶾ͵Ҫ飬ܲһҵĶʵɣҪѶŪϣʵ飿
һϾˣУɲŲȫʪ͸ˡ
ؽЦɿðǧء
û뵽һȻ˰ܼܵСһؿ
ţҲǲ֪ʲô㲻ʧģô˵ţԼѪľȻ͵˲ǰ
һӰ˸ŻˣɸһûվסֱӾ͸ˡ
˵Ȼ֪Ҫ֪ʲôͰԼ֪ȫ
ӱһܵĴŪû̻̲գܹϵϵһԸ
˴ҹͬĴеȺҲʶƾ޷赲ģһļϣֶͬԸİ취
γĹʶ
Ǿһͼ
ϣ˶ս⣬ôö޷ظ֤һܹɵ
Ҳ˲ѱӿĸ˸ϻˣΪҾҪʧֵĻ϶ķ񱨸ǿɾǲˡ
ûκε·ˣ
ȺڸϾû˵ʱͶһĻᡣһһߵûˡ
˭ɵӣʱ˭Լһ·أ
Ϊ˵ڶȺæýͷöû취ԱӵǻۣȺûаٷְٵĻɱľ԰ա
һ㣬ǱӶŲɣһʱ䱱Ӷеļƻе㶯ҡˡ
ɾʱһصֱҵ˱ӣҲ֪˸йʲô̸Э顣
֮˵ڶ죬Ӿ緢ҵ˱Ⱥˣ˵ԼоԻɱİա
ԼõĶָܵôһʾЩĶȺȫɵˣӵõЩȷʵǴ½ûмİò˱ӡ
Ⱥޱȣ˰ٲȻһ㣬øȺ˰ѸȺ屣Ķ׳ͬ塣
屻óӡ
ú壬Ǳ˰յļƻ˵һжǰձӵƽеġ
ˣɵһǸ˵ǷǳȤģҲ֪ǸʲôͷѾʱҲѵġ
֪Ƕҩʲôҩô
֪ƵԸؽİ취ĶӶ֡Ѿ˶ҩǸеһĶ˵ʱһֵġ
˫ۼֱҪˣӵƲνΪܸ㵹ӾȻɥĲСӶŹ
ŵһ£Ͼֹͣ˵սս
ǿѹסŭ𣬵ȵŽ
սս˵顣
öһƲߣЩģΪмңöͶô
Ҳǵˣ͸˵ֶɲ½еģһֶ
ݱֶ֪ǳŹְԵڳҲһЧûУ츳ȴżΪΪ˺
Ϊ˶Ըпܶγв츳ߵרƵһֶ춾ֻҪ츳ֶ֮츳֮˶ص츳ἤֶĶԣӶʹɢȫ
ֶݾ֮ڣ춾ˣǻּĴңԸԼѪ¾
ͿԱ֤ѪȫɱԼͬѪˣ춾˻᳦ã״Ϊҡ
Ҫҧˣû뵽羹Ȼ˾ĶҩĶҩԸԼǰѱͽҲԽԼͷ֮ޣ
ŵô£֪νŭκε⣬ǰת档
˲˵ʵҲǸͣǷһеġⶫǱĶЩŸؾ̻Լĵ̵ġ
ɱ뵽̫ѶԸ죬ǰװŵĴӽˣΪľǾҪɵ
һ˵һĻᣬ֪ûȤ
һ۾ˣǰס˵ؽԸֻҪģһ쵽
ǺЦܼ򵥣Щŵʹ÷ңܹžͿˡ
˰ֵؽ򲻿ɣⶫĿƿڱӵµõôʵӾָŵĹߣһȼģָܹģӵиһġ
˼ͷ˵ŪţҲû취ָӵģһ˱ӸһӣЩžͻӵһ
Щ⣬˴ָؽȻ棬˼
ţһĻˡֻҪʲô㣬Ҿͻ
¶ɫؽ治֪֪ȫˣܲбҪ󰡡
ͷЦǺãҾһҵ۾


707 Զ
ʶĿ۾ʶΪԼľ־һ˲뵽޷԰ˡ
ؽϷ
ǿʶӿӿ˵ԺУһ߷еļ䣬һ߰޹صļȫɾ˹ſƷļ䣬ȻԼʶӣŪԼƵĿܡ
ţһʱЩᣬúоһ¿ܲܿסţػͺԼе춾һʱҲˡ
ԼĿĸ໥ɱ
õţϾ׽չɱɱУеսʿһеǱ֮ϸԭ
սʿҲġ
ϸ۲սʿôġ
۲죬սʿ˲λҸµһλá͵͵ץһսʿסԼʶϸ۲սʿȫȴûκεķ֡
ʶ۲սʿҸ£ûз֣󲻽⡣
ĵطΪʲôԼʶûзأ
һ£顣ȭսʿͷϣսʿһأսʿ̼ͻָԭ
̣ȫԼʶ̽飬ڷսʿһ˲䣬սʿҸɢһĺѸٳеսʿƬսʿϸԭˡ
һȭսʿҸ£ʶ̽УһƵĺϾͻΪУսʿҲ֮ʧˡ
žսʿ֮ˣ
սʿ԰սһ֮شսʿҲ֮ˡ
ԼĿܽﻹţֶؾ弫ΪشġȻؾţḶ൱ҵĴ۵ġ
治ɱţ֪ܺѾûκε뷨ˣЩһɱԼҲӦôػ͸Ͻȥ취ⶾˡ
ԼտƵĿʶҵ˳ȥ·뵽˾ž󣬱ػͣųȥ·뿪塣
ŶӸո뿪壬ɽһ
ͷʱѾȫ̮ˡ
ӵ˼ʵ̫ˣƣ뿪ӦǸŵĸĻֻҪ뿪ͻе˻һᱻ
Ѿûʱһˣػ͵ɫѾˣж״ҪǲϽΣֻ˭Ҳ޻֮ˡ
ػͣϷɻǡ
ػͼһ֮ػ͵ȫٴηӡһ飬ָػι鵤Ĺƣػͻܼһµʱ䣬Ҳ˵Ҫһµʱڰ춾Ķԣ͸óķ
Ͷ뵽ⶾУΪкܶҪҪ
ػͷŵһҵУܷ߿ҵؾսʿǷʲô飬Լκ˲ýңͬʱҲ׼ػʹ
Ҫ飬Ҫȫͨŵս
սĽȫеǣͨ˱һ֧ŵս
ߴңһԼķľӣһҪľչĽսһҪǳʵʩ
Ҫ˷ѵҩΪľսҪ۵ҩĻ͵øչսɴԱԱڵҩģԱǲܵġ
ҪǲɱĽеӴսʿΨһ֮ҲսʿҸ²λ
λñ滨Ǵ򲻵ģڽеսʱһҪصսսеĽصԵķҪսͨÿһؾսʿҪսʿӦսĸԵѵ
һµʱ˵ԼҪ飬еսͳ˧ȫϱԼ鴦
ź˽죬ȥѩ
ʱѩѾˣͿ޵ҲãûбûͶҵͶô
ɲҰػ͵ѩѩһӱġ
ѩѾҵͶˡͶеС⣬ҪŻͶȥһ£㲻Ҫż壬Ͷͻǰˡ
ѩȴǲĻΪѩ֪ʵģҪػͽС⣬ԼͽˣοҪԼˣ½ϻ˭ܹأ
һʱ䣬֪ôѩ˵ˡ
ֻƭ˵ػû⣬ֻΪЩ⣬ԼŻȥ˰æġ
һŬ£ѩ
ѩȶˣѩ˼飬ѩΪԼԵĵҩѾ˴룬ֻҪûˡ
ѩԼҪػͳȥˣһµʱڻ᲻ǣѩԼúչԼ䷢ģһһºһʻĶӴѩǰ
뿪ѩûгȥԼԼؽҡ
춾춾ڵǸûнҩġûصϺͼأֻԼо춾ҩ
ϧǣûֳɵ춾оΨһĿܣͨշԼڵ춾ж춾Ķԭжϳ춾Ľҩ
ǸǳΣյ飬춾Ķǳ죬޷һշĶԲɿأԼҪȥ
Ѿûбѡˡ
ϥ£ǿʶȫͷųеԼ˿ظо˿춾쳣ԾԷӡԼǿӡͣس
ڣҪͷһ㣬춾Ķ
Сʶٿŷӡ춾أذһһ϶
һ£ס춾һӿϽٿǸϸס
춾ٵÿݲΪٵĿ춾ϾֱʶԺйȥˡ
󺧣ԼǿʶķԴذҪǱ춾ƻԼǿʶҪۿ˰
Ҫ赲춾ȴȻ׹ԼҪĲЧôÿ춾ôģԼư
ʶ۲£춾ܿͽ뵽Ժ뵽Ժ֮춾ͻȻɢһɷɫĳʱоԺһʹҲ֮սѡ
ţɷɫĳתֱ£ಿλ͹ˡ
ɲ춾ˣҪĿסԼอǿˡ
Ͻٿŷΰǿıŷ˷ӡ춾ĵط
ӡָ֮״̬ԼȫѾˮʪ͸ˣԼʶȻ˷ǳƣĸо


708 쵤
Ϣ˰죬ָ춾
ǴһСģҲǱ춾ڸᡣ
ζŸղжΣҲ¡û뵽춾ԵķҺѸ٣ҪǵػԼλƫһ飬Լ¾ͿƲס춾ĶԷˡ
֣춾ķԭֱӵ˵ʶԺУȥѰж֮˵츳ڡ
Ҫû츳֣춾ͻ쳣˵춾Գõ˵ֻҪ츳ͻἤ춾ĶԣͷųĶزͨռж֮˵
ж֮˾ͻᱻ춾סշж֮ѰҺԼѪ˽¾
նĶҩ
ϸԼ֪ĵҩҩ֪ʶ춾涾
춾ĶЧΪ裬츳ĹЧԻжߵǣʹ֮ѰԼѪͨ˽¾ĹЧռɱĹЧ
ͨоϿȷշЩЧĶҩɷʲôһ춾䷽֮ˡ
Щϸ⣬ò׼
ɲǿЦ飬ʱͲһ㣬Ǿʧ֮֮ǧ
Ϊȫϸڣðٴͷ춾Ķء
ÿͷһ춾Ķأͻ춾ĶһȫµʶڷðΣյȫϸڡ
˸ĴҲǼΪصģܵ˺ʶԺе˺ӡ춾ҲǲǸоͷޱȡ
춾ʴˣͨʶӿ׷Լอյ˲̶ͬȵ˺
һи춾ԭ˾ζػ͵ϣЩĴǾֵõġ
ϢƬ̣ϸ춾ԭһĥӦƽ֮
춾鷽֮ʣҩ϶ϵ޷졣üҩ⣬ȴֻᴥ⡣
ѣֻܻһҩٴνݡ
Ҳ֪˶ãݳһܹ춾鷽Ϊ鷽ƽ춾Ľҩ֮Ϊ쵤
ˣеһζҩȴΧûеġ
ζҩ쵤ҩӣڱʴݡ
ڱʴǷǳصһֲݣͼһ쵤Ҫľڱʴܹںϵ⼫ЧԼ쵤ĸҩҩ
ڱʴΪرҪҲʮر𣬱ڼĻ²ġ
˽ҩܣڱʴֻڼ֮صĻɽܹһģΨм˹Ħ˵ĵϲĵط
˹Ħһˣ½ļжֲ࣬˰˹Ħ˳Ǿ֮壬˹Ħ嶼˵ڱʴˡ
˵˵Ǵ˵ˣ񻰣Ҳȥһ
ңϽ񣺡ؽǳˣѾ˰ˣǲҪȥûгء
һû뵽Լƽ춾ȻһӾ˰¡ػ໹ܼʮ죬ԼҪѰڱʴݣʱȰ
뵽Ҳ˲ϸ˵ϽڿշֱϺ֮ط˹ȥ
˹ĦĴ˵ֹǵ۹ĻĮ֮⡣
˵ðطһֱҪĮ֮ʲôųװһٶˣ˲ʮˣҲʮˣŴ˹ĦϢ
˵Ƿѩӣһм졣˹Ħ˶ǹëѪҰ̽ߴһڱʴݣҲ½Ψһڱʴݳֵļ¼
Ҫûεļ¼»û쵤С
Ǵ̽ߵļ¼ɵǵ۹ĮԵͣ
ΪǰǷѩӵĵطҪڿʧ˷ɾͱҵȷλá
еʱ򲻴Ǿԡ
ûκεԣǻŵһƬֻܰշķ򼲳ۡ
ԽߣоΧ¶ȾԽ͡ȵһطо¶һ轵¶ȣ֪̽ԫˣ˼ѾˣǰͲĻΧˡ
ԫһ׵׵ıˡһҲûˮֵζеˮȫɱˡ
һգð߼еĴѩȻڶХĴЮŶëĴѩ裬˸ֲطҲѹðԫǸطﻮΪķΧͨʹ˼ʱ䡣
Լǿʶɢȥһ߱ߣһ̽鿴ܲҵ˵е˹Ħˡ
һգûʶ̽鵽ټ˵ˣһļûв׽
ѾȥˣɵðżԼҪڷѩнòܹҵԼѰĿꡣ
нգӦþ˹Ħ˼¼̽ߵԶλã֮̽߾͵ͷˡ
̽ʵ֮ǰĵط˹ĦˣǰߣӦǻ῿˹Ħ˾۾ӵĵط
ȻֻоʱˣҪܹ˹Ħˣܹ˽һЩйڱʴݵĸϢܱԼããյĵطϹҪõöࡣ
뵽˽ŲԼʶŴ޶ȣȥ̽Χ
ֹ죬ʶ̽鼫޵ıԵλãжļΪ̫ԶҲҶ϶ʲô
ϾôһʱΨһжļԥסĶ۵糸һ˹ȥ
ԸʧǣԼҵĻĶȷʵǻĶˣһѾһϢˣıȴ쳣ǿǰ
ȵǰʱѾܶˣϿļ˻£²һʱͻΪԶı
뵽ԼĶӣκ֮ġ̿͸ιһҩע
֪Ȼÿĵҩȥһ϶ᱻǰܼӣôĵҩǮ򲻵ģȻ˷һϣǷˡ
˵ҩĹһӾϵĻѩŷ֣һɻɫһڹ
ڹĴ½طĹһ˶󣬸ţһС˫Ŀɢӫ⣬һּ͵ҹ
ڹȻԼ˼תܡ
ǲ׺ڹ˼վԭûжڹ˻лףԭ⹷ǸԼֻ
һ£ʵ˵Ҹô
ڹͷת۶ȥ
֪ͨԣٲɣźڹٱ


709 
ڹܶķǴϵķܵġҪǰܣҪһξ롣
ԥһ£뵽ԼֻϹײڹܣڹ׻Լʲôط
һٶȻоһϢɵôϲžǴ˵е˹Ħһľ۾ӵĵطˣҪȻǲôϢġ
ڹ˹Ħ˻ļڹŻԼ
ǰһ㣬һεضѩע⡣Բɽ¶ѩߣ˹ѩγɵѩߡ
Խǰѩµ龰ͿԽ壬Ȼ˹ĽȻЩªڱѩӡ£ôһߵɡ
ڹ˽ǰʼͲѡ
󹤷򣬴ӽ߳˼һˡЩȫƤθߴһɶߣڹôͣЩ˵ǰԵһЩ
ȻЩ˶ںڹĻعʮָˣΧźڹ˵ЦڹȴǼˣķ͡
ЩһϾޱȡڴ·ǽ׳ģЩ˵ıȽ¾ͲʲôˣľŵȻܹıѩк޺ĸоǴЩ˵Ԥϡ
ι̽ôЩ˵У˵ˡ
⵹һΪڿҪôЩ˽ȴû뵽Ȼ˵½Ϲͨԡ
̽ߣǰµġʮֿ˵
˵˸Χ˵һЩĻȻЩ˾ªľ
ǣǵˮɱϺȴů紺һĸоӣñɵģ¸Чǳ֮á
̸֪Ǹ˵½ͨԵʵǰðߵĺǸð߶˹Ħ˾£͸˹ĦŮͨ飬µĺһὲ½ԡ
µģʵ˹Ħ˻һֻȮΪȥԵʱɢ˲Ż㱻
˵ԼڱʴݵʱǸðߵĺһӳĬˡ
˺ܳһʱ䣬ðߵĺŸ˵ڱʴݣڵر֮Ϊħ֮ݣΪǶʮֹ죬ѣ̸ڵһɻ䡣
Щ֣㲻ڱʴôĶ
ǸðߵĺͣԶĵطһطûбѩ·ļ紺ӣ˹ĦǰΪϲԴĵطǨ
û뵽ڵֻһŻˣŵڱʴݣλǰ˵йޣ𽵱ǰȥѾȫԵˣʣһˡ
Ϊ飬˹Ħ˻ŵþǨ
Ҳʱðߵط˹ĦˣڱʴҲ½Ψһȥġ
˼ˣΪǨĵطǲʺ棬˹Ħַصԭĵطڱʴݺĵطͱ˹Ħ˵Σյĵطһýӽ
ˣ̾ѣڱʴĵرΧƱػǿػڴڱʴݵеõ洦˹Ħ˱ϾǾδȻǲġ
Ϊ˻գӽָó˼߼̱͸ðߵĺ˹ĦĶۼ̱࣬ϲòˡ
ûҪģֻϣܹԼǸʢڱʴݵλá
ðߵĺǰ죬ڸǸλãðߵĺʾԼǾԲȥģΪѵ
ʱ䣬Ѿʮˣ㻹ʱ䣬ҵ飬˽⵽ǸλԺϾ͸ˡ
ðߵĺҪҵǸλãʵܺңֻҪķߣһֱߵ籩ľͷܹҵǸλá
ȻͺðˡҪðߵĺһ·ߵĻڵߣѰһıǡ
ֻҪշѰңͿڿзйȥˡðߵĺ˵ľ룬ٶȣۿҲӦһʱ͵
û뵽ǣ˼鷳緽УԽǰɣϵķԽ󣬷һʱ䣬ȻЩҡҡεĸо
һ¾룬ֻǷɳľ룬ŬеٶһҲ졣
֮£ֻڵϣһǰߡ
أëѩѩӣһСѩ졣Ҫ㹻ǿѩҸ
һ·̣񱩵ķѩεüֱۣ֮£ֻñ۾ǿʶ̽黺ǰС
ţķѩȻһͣˣ·һӽ뵽һޱȰ״̬
һ۾ǰЩճյĸо
⣬һƬ̲Ĳݵ֮ϡ֪Ұţĺ裬еɾһ㡣
ٻͷʱ籩ѩһ߿񱩷䣬Ȼԭһ۵λð
ŲǰߣΣڱʴݵĵطһǸɽ
ôûɽһĴأ
۵ķΧҲǺܴһɽӦǺױġ
о˼ʱе˵ھҵĲȻ䣬̵صλãһɽһĶð˳ɽۿٶϰ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬һΡĴɽʹǰ
漣ֱ漣
ޱȵĿǰĴɽû뵽ɽȻڵ¡
˵һɽʱƶڵû֡һֱǸеĶû뵽ˣ
һԾգۼ䵽ɽԸоɽλúð޷ܵӦǻɽҽɢҪ緢ˡ
ǰ·ϣѾ˲ʱˣҪľҪʱ䡣˰죬ɽʲôûУֻǹͺͺʯͷûʲôڲ֮Ķ
Ϊ˿ȫ棬ϽɵУϸ۲һС
һҽӻɽڼٵŹỤ̃ɫҽʮɸ߲
Ͻҽ͹Ļɽҡʱɲܳκε⣬ͻǰ
ȻоһϢ˳ŸоϢһڻɽһԸһĵطûҽɽ䵽һ˸
ת˲䣬Ǹ⻪䣬һСݴг˳
ڻɽҽ˿£С˻ɫСݵĲСݵĳЩλȻ˱һɫ
пϲѣڱʴݣ
ҩֻƬļأڱʴݾӣ


710 
ڵڱʴݻûгɡڱʴӦȫǻɫģΧҶȫǱɫġ
ѹסԼеļ͵ڱʴݳժ¡
Ȼ䣬оΧЩԡԭޱȵĻһӱģĻɽҽڹʣΧˬоʵ˸е⡣
һۣɵһԼɵľϣһֻ˶ͷһĹڶݺݶԼ
ͷһĶôԶҲеһޱȵѹ֣ѹֵĸоǸϲʵ̫ɵġ
˵ⶫǸͷΪⶫԴϳһֻ¹ǵĶⶫͷɫģ䷿ôһ˫ž۾һĴС
нң֪ĵرԱ߻гǿػԼΪ̫õڱʴݶΧĻҪǻ̫ȶͷһĶɢźԼܾͻᱻ͵Ϯˡ
ޣڴ½ǲģʱ˵һЩϡŹֵޡⶫӦþһд˵е򰡣
˼ԷݵʱȻ䣬о˴ӱһȵϮһ㣬ܿˣȻͷʱȴһŨŨ档
һͷȻǸղԼһģһͷֻͷǻɫģղǸɫġ
ûеĹҺλһɳǵĺϮǶ
ͣԭأɲͣ
ͷʱһ׳ޱȵĻǰ
ɫͷͻɫͷŷ֣ͷŵĳ徹Ȼǹ£һġԭǸ˫ͷ򰣡
û˫ͷķʱ䣬ĵľڱʴݡ
ͷʱڱʴѾ˼ޣڱʴڱɫֻҪڱʴݵıɫͣڱʴݾͳˡ
˫ͷһڶڱʴݣӣ˫ͷҲõڱʴݡ
˫ͷ򰣬ĬĬѾ˳ǹϵӵ˵˫ͷ򰣬ҲҪտ
ɽҽϡˣɽƣڵӣȻ䣬ڱʴݵıԵһų˱ľӨ͸ɫ
ڱʴݳˣ
˫ͷһ壬ڱʴݾ͸ȥ
һȣڵȫ߶ϽƣһɫĵâƵֱ˫ͷȥ
˫ͷĸӦޱģʱ˫ͷ֪Լġ˫ͷȻû뵽Լ۾СµС㣬Ȼᷢһ
˫ͷӴ󣬵жȴ쳣Ѹ١оĵâ˫ͷתͷŵâһ硣
֨֨֨
һռ̵ĿֲӣɫͷĺȻܹѿռϣռ̺ˮɲǼɱγһ׳۵ıǽ
ĵâͬжһ룬޴ޱȵıһг롣
˱֮ĵâһӾͼһ֮ࡣ
âȻһ䣬˫ͷնȥǸɫͷŭĿӣһ죬һܵĻâ˹
ޱȵǣĵâȻ˫ͷ򰹥ʧӰ٣ֲޣǵһ
˫ͷƺǱĹŭˣͷֻ۾ŭĶ˫ͷӴֻһΣͷһ㿿
֣ȻڵϢЩңԭǸղȫ˫ͷʱ춾ѹЩˣ춾һӾ˿ڴԾ
û취ٴâˡ
ۼͷݺ˹ֻһѹ춾һ߷ܿ˫ͷ򰡣
Ҫѹ춾ûа취ȫעУ˫ͷжǳѸ٣Ŭ޷װ˫ͷ׷
һʱ䣬
ֻòϵıͺϺµƮλ˫ͷ׷
һۣڱʴݾȻй󰵵ӣҪлǰװ
˲ֱڱʴݣΣһѰڱʴקϷŵ˽ָС
˫ͷһڱʴȡߣӵıŰͷһ죬һһɺͬʱϮ
ʱѾֵˣֻһˡ
棬˿һȣ
͸һĺ䣡
ҧأֽȻͬȼ˿顣ϽӽָͳһԪȥ
ʱо鲼źࡣ
Ҳ֪˶ã˫صĿл̧ͷʱȴ˫ͷһº͵۹⿴Լ
һʶԷǲԼˡ
࣬ʲôڣôᾭܵסҵı˫ش㵽ʲôͷ
ޱ𺳵ǣ˫ͷ򰾹ȻԼʶϵĽӣ˫ͷѾҪľˣһ㣬ܿˡ
еڵ춾ļԽԽˣ˫ͷ򰶯ʱõ̫ˣûѹƺ춾γ档ԪȻһֵġ
˫ͷܹƽ
뷨ͨʶԼݻдĿĸ˫ͷ򰶼һ顣
˫ͷͷͨʶŽ
ԭ˫ͷʱ򲢲ģֻΪһ쫷䵽űӡ
˫ͷԭǱԵޣúǵȴֻɽά˫ͷھͳ˽Ȼͬ໥ͻԡ
ڵĳͻ˫ͷڷΪгڱʴݲŵԱ˫ͷҲ͵Ҵ
Ϊڳڱʴݣ˫ͷ򰷢Լ巢˱죬ԭһͷıͷ˽⸱
ո˫ͷ򰿴˵ҩǲܹƵҩҪܹĻܸܲԼһҩ
ôҲ뵽˫ͷȻҪƵҩû⣬ֻ֪˫ͷʲôҪ
˫ͷҪģʵԼҪĵҩܼ򵥣ҪԼһź嵤ܹԼ˫ͷ״̬ĳһͷ­ӡ
嵤
ϸԼ֪ҩ䣬ôһӣԶŵʦġ
˵Զʱ򣬸ֻα޲ʦڲҩʱЩĶΪ˱ʦƳôһֵҩܹЩα޻صȻ״̬ôһֵҩ
Ҫ֪λǱȻſֲȴƿǾôҲͻƲ磬Ժ嵤ڱεдܻӭ
嵤ƣҪҩȴûдϣʾƵҩԣõԼҩĴ˲С


711 ʲôвƸ
˫ͷ͸ʮֻ飬ʶҪʲôĶȫУֻҪܹƳ嵤㻹벻ջġңһ԰һæΪƵҩĳ͡
ޱȣһʱе㲻˫ͷĽߡʶܿô񶼲ʺĵطģҪ˵ܹ嵤ҩģе벻ͨˡ
ɱ˫ͷԼɣһʶ˫ͷת˼ԼҪ쵤ҪϻȥԼĶӣ˫ͷڰʱ޷嵤ҩģԼֻȸϻȥԼĶӡ
û뵽˫ͷ򰾹ȻԥӦ
˫ͷԴǰһ죬ʾԼϣطٶȿȫķӳơ
ӿһԾ˫ͷϡȣ˫ͷ򰷢һĺһӷɵ˰յС
˫ͷ֮ĵطȥòǣԼ粽еķΧ쫷磬˫ͷûһӰ졣
Ӵޱȵ˫ͷˮһ㣬ɰ裬ʱʱĻᱬһŭһѪڵĸо
նĻҲ޷赲ǿ˫ͷﲻ֪˶꣬ӦĻնֻԵģ˫ͷ򰣬쫷練һֺܺõı
˫ͷ޴쫷ķΧֻо˫ͷٶһѸݣһ;ΧķѩԽԽСľȻ¶Ƚ
һƬдеľȻǰ
˫ͷûͣŤɣڣһɽ˫ͷٶȲ
Ϊ˫ͷٶȽŵԿΧһС
ֱеĿɿڴĸоɽֱǱ鲼ŵرһأɽе˸Ÿɫâĸϡҩġ˵ȥһţ߳һҩĳ
û뵽˫ͷ򰾹ȻܹôõĵطϢҲѹ˫ͷΪʲô᳤ôĵرӦҪΪ˫ͷ죬ˡ
˫ͷʾԼߣвʱ͵һ޴ɽǰ
Ȼһ⣬Ǿ˫ͷ˵ԼڷǸطֻܳԻɽҳĳԣĵرǶԲϺŰ
˫ͷͣԼǺСʱһ쫷ε˷ûԼʵԽԽߣǸط
˷Ժ˫ͷҵطңԼԳͻ̫˫ͷֻٻصǸطڱʴѹڵԵļҳͻ
ԼʵĲ˫ͷԽԽҪڱʴѹƣڱʴΪŹֻ֣ڼЪԵĻɽ緢ʱ죬Żɽûڱʴݾͻȥɽҽջˡ
һţ˫ͷ򰽻Ȼ䣬ǰҫ۵Ĺâע˹
ĶЩˣ;޴ɽһ޵չͺһ͵䳡һô
͵䳡СĿյϣĿ˸ָĵرʲô֮Ķȫһණ
һʱĿɿڴ
ʲôвƸ
鱦ˣ
ǰ׳۾Ǿؤ֮Ĳడ
˫ͷʶƺ嵤ҩģӦȫҵõ
û˵Ǻ嵤ʲôϡҩҲأڵ˼Ѿˡ
Σ˫ͷ򰽻ĶȫҪˣ㻹ðһæ
˫ͷһɵˣôҲû뵽С㾹Ȼôθڣ˫ͷһʱŭģһڰȥ
뵽ԼҪõĵطܹһ˶ѣ˵ʦˡ
˫ͷ࣬㲻Ҫ̫̰ˡҿԸۣҲ԰æ㿪ʵ޷ܣ⣬̫ˡ
ЦЦ˫ͷ˵ȱ𼤶ҼȻļ룬㹻
ƺ嵤Ǻ׵飬˺嵤ԺҲܹԼҪӣȴǿٸһʥֱӽ磬ʱͿԿԣѵֵĶϰһæô
˫ͷյ˼һĶˡɽľ޶Ƹ˵ǰֵøġ
˫ͷĸ۾¶ޱȿ顣
˫ͷЩĶˣԼ뷨ȫ˵˫ͷĵطȻޱȵãҲĲƸǾԼǲ̫µįˣʱôһĹ¼ţһܹܶĤݣϵٹ⡣
˶٣Ц⣬԰˹ĦǨ㵽ȻǵػͼڣͿӵ˹ĦĶĤݺ͹
㲻ܹܵޱȵ٣Ժʲô鶼Ըˣ˹Ħ˸ɾˣֻҪṩĻͱǵİȫɶҲˡ
˵˫֣ĬĬصȴĴ𸴡
˫ͷ򰱻ǰһӸסˣ˫ͷϸʶɽ
һССҪǾ˹ĦҪؾģҪʾӵؾ쵼ԲҪ˹Ħ壬е黹˫ͷ˵㣬ֻǱһ̬ѡҪ˹Ħæ˫ͷػͼġ
ССͲ⣬˫ͷѾôĴۣǲСϻʲô뷨ġ
ȻɽˣĵһǴ򿪽ָϯɽڵһб
˫ͷۿɽڵĹâһҲʹû취ǶǴӦõģֻܿϯԼı
˫ͷ򰶼Ŀˣ۾˵űţ˫ͷ̲ס۾һεļ尾
ҩĲϣ˫ͷ򰽻һ㣬ĻƵҩĺô
ʹĸлرˣ
˫ͷ򰾫񣬸ȴʾ˫ͷ򰣺һ£ҪȫİҵķԸҪȻ鷳ġ
ӽָͳ˼ݵҩĲϣʾ˫ͷ򰿪ʼ
˫ͷЩ⣬Ϊʲôôĵҩ
˵ͷ˫ͷ˵Ƶҩľʹ˫ͷĻ棬ܹӵҩԡȻĻԼ쵤Ҳһưɡ
˫ͷЩˣæ˵ƿ׷ĵģ㲻ƺҵĵҩô
ܴ󷽵ؽ͵ĵҩһƣʱŻСĽһԼƵʱٲģҵҩĿô찡ĵҩһƣСĵĿƵġ
˫ͷ򰱻˵ֱۣҲû취˭Լ˼أ
ķԸ˫ͷǸɫͷ­컺棬쵤Ĳϣһӵ˻
˫ͷͷģǸɫͷ­Ͼ쵽ˣԼĵҩ䷽ûڱʴݣӦ쵤ķӣ
ɫľͷæʣȸԼƵĵҩɡ


712 
мĿһ˫ͷǸɫͷ԰꣬ԼưͳԽһƫе㶼Ҫ
Ȼôأ
˫ͷǸɫͷ­һӲ˵ˣֻСָػ
ܹó쵤ĲϣԼҪһţػͻҪһţҪһŷֹġ
쵤ѵĵطҩҩԼ䲵ӣ˵ҩԱҪƽһ𣬲ܹƽ춾ı̬ҩеҩҩҪںϣͱҪڱʴݵ
Сеҩڱʴݿ£ҪЩҩĲڸµ·ҵãֱըͱڱʴݷںϼĹЧ
ʦˮƽһǶҩĵϤϣһҩĻʱաǰһҪǼʦˮƽһҪǼʦʵˮƽ
еҩĿڱʴһξͣϣҩ໥֮ľ뻹ǺܽҪȵҩڻԺһ£
ܿ죬˫ͷĻ£ҩڻƮɢޱŨҩ㡣
Ǹɫͷ­һԿţˮҩԼǳԹ٣ûŵƵҩĵҩ㡣ζֱֱ
ιҵĵҩʲôʱưɫľͷС
죡Ҫҵĵҩˣ֮һкԼͳͳЧʵʵţȻӻˣ
ʶݺݺǳɫͷһŵú䲻ѣݺݱסͣ´
еҩѾȫڻˣȶһԼ񣬲ٿЩҩλõڱʴںϡ
࣡
ҩھ£ʱ򣬳˵󣬺ɫİɫĸɫ۽״̬ҩģ໥ںϵʱ򣬳˻಻ݵ״̬ۿ໥ƵԽԽң
һ԰ʶסеҩģЩҩı˴˼е϶ϲǿҵķӦ
ֶǲܳγʱģ⵹ʶǿ󣬶ΪҪɵͱҪеҩȫںϵһС
ʱ򣬾Ҫڱʴݵˡ
ֳһʶڱʴڻۻڱʴڻҺ̬״̬ȵڱʴȫڻһһ׹Χڱʴݵķٵתš
Ҫľ״̬
΢΢еҩȫ뵽׹תĺλȥ
̼䣬ڵҩĸݸԵԣһӼ뵽ɫâתȥˡ
ڱʴݵڲͬҩĵķܹԵҩһ΢ƽ״̬ںһ
֣еʶеתУһӰиֳݡ
ǿʶʱҲеƣˣ쵤Ѿ˷ǳؼʱֻ̣ҧȥ
ǿʶѹ£תһӱѹһϡ
ÿ㶼˸˲ǿ⣬ǼƾͺҪըһ
һˣϧذеľȫͶŵϣʶӲѹס
ڣ˲˸ѹסˣҲû˲ա
쵤ʹɣ
½ϴӴֶһֵҩܹƽ⼴綾ҩĵҩ
ǿ쵤һƨ˵ϡ
ޱȵƣ˫ͷޱȣΧһͨת
ιιιû°ɣǧ°
ֺֺЦʶ˫ͷ򰴫ѶϢ˵ǹҰǹĵҩ
˫ͷܹʶŷѯʣ˫ͷЩ˼ˣڨڨӦģġ
ϸһԼĴҪ쵤ƽ춾Ҫʶϣʱ䣬ԼǱˡϾԼڵ춾ǱѹƵģֻҪػ͵Ľⶾû⡣
Ȱ˫ͷ򰣬˹Ħ飬ԼδһǿӣҪ顣
뵽˫ͷ򰰲ԼϥָһԼܡ
೤ʱ䣬ָһЩ˫ͷƵҩ
嵤һָߵȼĵҩرѣͿ͸˫ͷƺˣ˫ͷ򰿴ź嵤ᶼҪˣų¡
ȴ˫ͷżΪҪõĻʥء˫ͷŶź嵤ݺһڿˮЭʥ
û뵽鷢ˣΪ˫ͷ̫һֱƲãûпʼأ;ûƵҩ
֮£˫ͷ򰣺ҾⱾɣһ񵤣ܹƽ̬úÿƻˡ
˫ͷȻܱɣ˵ⱾǺбزٵĻڣΪƺõҩеһжӦǱҪģôܹأôĺöðæɲ֪˭ˡ
Ȼ˫ͷ򰻹Ĭĸоı֣˵˫ͷǿԵġ
ʥһƹ̷ǳ̵ĵҩϾǸһͻĵҩŶ컯֮ζ
ΪǰƳ˴µ쵤״̬ĺáһЩգʥҲ˫ͷƺˡ
˫ͷ򰼤ԸӣɽҽУټɽ˫ͷĽ죬Ҫһ
ܹ˫ͷϲ˫ͷƽ˵Ȼһȥº嵤ʥҲ֪ЩǰﲻʲôæģһоҪȫԼˡ
ǰʱҰеĶᵽԼĽָǿɲ̰ģɽôһڣʲô꣬ûٵʱߣʵǲ뱩ֿһı飬ٺһЦ˵
˫ͷһչĬûʲôˣܹ̰˵ô׵ġ
ЦŰ˫ͷ˶УԼǸϽܳɽɽôıҩģҲһӷɵ˰գɽҩδɨ
Ȼ䣬ɽķ˫ͷĽţɽϾҵĶͺǵһ㡣
֪˫ͷҩˣ˫ͷڳž޴ʹ࣬϶ٲһڡ
æҲﲻϣЩǱҪԼԵġ
ֻܸĥ˫ԼףԼһҲֹͣɨɽҩġ
ȵеҩȫɨɾɽķ۷壬˫ͷ˻ѾЪ˹ˣɽ
Ȼɽһӱһɳľ޴ļһɽ˳
˫ͷ򰣬ѾһͷˣֻһͷɫɫɫĻƽ֯һͷҲǳǡ
ҪǣҲ˱죬ǳ¹ľ޽ǣ
ľˣڽ˰
һڰ쳹أ
Ǹһ߾ˣû뵽һܹôͣ
Ҳ뿴רŵػͼ˰


713 Բ©
ſЦϲˣɹѾܽ˫ͷˣڵ״̬ôͽбɡ
ϲͽְɣǣҪúøл
˵һӿ˲Ҳ̶õɽݵأеҩľȻȫûˡ
ҿҲ湻ڵˣôһ׻ˣһҲҰһӱ˴ֿڡ
ЦЩ˵С˼ëëҸÿζҩĿɶãǸµĴڡɣѾˣʲôܹأ
ȥеƣǰñ㽲ѣô˵æһĵģȻ˺ܲصѹôĺöҾǺԭˡԺۻǸǣ¾ܸ˵һ
ЦУȻҵˣǾһȥ°ɡӢ֮ţҪû˵ĶĤݣв㰡
һ۾ʱϲɫֵܣô
סЦɫ˵Ȼˣ㿴Σƣֱ֮©һͼڱߣǴ´డ
ˣֻ۾Сǣϲ߰ɣֵܣǻʲôأ
˵ţһԼϣָ㣬˹Ħ˵ľ۾ӵء

ڷѩӵ˹ĦһǲµġֻҪƷͲðŷѩðա
һʱ䣬˹Ħʳ㹻棬Լľڴţȵɫ˵ʱٳȥЩʳ
Ȼ䣬˹ĦԼԹͲѣǽ˹Ħ˸о˲ֻ˵£ԹŻͽС
˹Ħ˳Ժȴûκε̲סԹһ١ȴûƽʱʮԹЩԹǽеĸˡ
˹ĦðŴѩȥһȦҲûзʲôЩ͵Թһ١
ɻûȵ֣˹Ħ˾ͷЩԹȫûɲΪ˵˳ֹͣ˷ͽУ˹Ħ˷еԹȫڵأ˵ʣӾֺµһ
˹Ħ˵ҲûˣϽеȫгô¡
еȫˣ˭ҲܶĽ͡һ곤߸ߴңп콵ֻ˹Ħˣ˭Ҳѡ
˵˹Ħ͵ظоΧķһӱÿޱȣѩɨ϶ޱȵʹڴҲ֪ʱϺȻðܵһһĹ£˹Ħ˿һɳľ޴ڿ衣
˹ĦˣҪҵĽ£ӴԺҾǵıˣ
ڿޱŰǱ
ΪӦϳ˭֪ȴģе˹Ħ˾ʧ룬׷׿޺ɢӡ
һˣ˵ֵܣ⣬ô£ⲻ԰Ӧҵ֮һ©е˶ӦöĤݵģôˣ
һƣô˼ҪɵŲǲء
磬֮©̫ˣ˼Ҷǹʰ˼ҵģĶ㵱ػߣһ£ȥ
˵ţӱıֱǸԼķ߹ȥ
˺ôľŰŽп
Ǹðߵĺ߶˵Ŀ˰ǲˣûһͷڿҪô㻹ǿܰɣܲˣҵ˿ɶﰡ
˵꣬ðߵĺȻǺޡ
һǸΪǵıΪ˸޶һģ֮һ©Ī˿иߵǻ۵òǿܵġ
ðߺϽοðߵĺĲʲôҪǵģǹҪǣṩһ滷ı
ðߵĺȻĻ˺ܴĻɣʧȴ˺ܶࡣ
ðߵĺţһ档
һٹ£ðߵĺ׳ŵߵ˷Ŀյϡ
ű磬ɣ㰡˼ҡ
һϾѸСɽһĴͷðߵĺЦðС
һڱĴкðߺĶǾһը졣
ΪҲһǿʹв࣬Ҳ̫󣬵ûʶ˲ţ½ôһĸǿ֮𰡡
ӣԸˣðߵĺֱӾ͹ˡ
ǳˡһʵǳǿģϣ໹кܴĲġ
һ᲻ܵԼӰ죿ҲûԸ񰡣
ڣҲôˣֱӿЦ̾Ϣһ
ţϽðߵĺקιһŰ񵤣ðߵĺ
ʲô֣Ϊðߺעһ˵˻
ðߺ˰ԺǿҵĻָ̿вƽϢˣҽ޷
޷ô׽Ҳ˸ͬĿֲڣ˵ҲС
ϴźЦݣЦǺǵ˵޷ҪôţҺͱûж⣬𣿡
ʵϣ˷Ҫ˹ĦѰһõռ䣬ұᱣ˹ĦˣֻҪ˹Ħ˹ΪͼڣͻԶܵı
Ȼһû˵˹ĦԱĳݺҲкôģҲǼӵصõһЩܵķ
޷ֱֿġ
ûģһͨѾˣٿ޷Ĵɻ󣬵۾˵զģ㻹ô
޷һϺȸŵò㱳ȥϽ㵽
ҡҡͷԱ˵磬Ͳô̯ͼػߣ˵Щ˹ĦˣҲԸⰡ
˼Цֵܣ㿴ֱֱȥˣ˭֪ʲô᲻ġǸǸ޷ǰɣֵ˵Ķģȥˣ˵ҪһʺĵطȥӵģϿڲ򰡡
Ͻıͷ˵У磬׸磬ٱ˵˳ôһжҳô
ҲԼǸµĲϣԾͲ˵ˣȥе顣
޷һߣ޷˵ҺͱҲûƭǵıҪ˵˵ʲôҪǲղſϵĻɣǾǱһġ
ҪҪɵǣһڻʲôˡңԶĵطʺ˹Ħ深ܵĺõط룬бĵطôƭǣܰƭʲôزԼͶҪ˵ˡ
ڣ޷ΪЩܹ͵ͨġ


714 ˹Ħؾ
Ľ£޷˵ǰֵԼȥ׷ģذȥϵԼˡ
˹ĦЩ˸޷ȸӴЩ˷ʮֺƣŵƽ
ȵȥӴʱ򣬱óƵ̬ȣǳӴ˹Ħսս
һҪ㣬Ͻͨ޷˹Ħ˽˵һԺǱǵĴˡǲҪ£ʵϱͦõġ
Ϊ̧ͦͷ˵ɲôֵ˵öԣĳʵõġ
ɱôһͦһ壬һɽһͣ˹Ħĳ棿ŵһҪٴܡ
޷ϾðߵĻʱ޷Ҳ϶ͱûж⡣޷˹Ħ˵кҲҪ£޷Լߵ˱ǰᴥ塣
޷İ˹Ħ˽ҲޱȵĽŸСȵЩ˹Ħ˶ִ壬ŵϲȡ
˹Ħ˷׷״Լ˳һ𿴿⺱ĳޡ
޷мˣʲô뷨ͨ޷˹Ħ˴ġ
˹Ħ޷˵ṩ羰续ľסأܹʳǵݵڱǰ
޷˵˹ĦѾѱһĴڣء
ϲľ˼ս˵塣ÿһ˹Ħˣһɶߣ㣬ҳڷѩӣȻΪӵĻ³־ƷҲ϶൱ǿġ
ҪǱһؾսӣôһ⵶һ
뵽޷֪ͨ˹Ħˣ̽аǨ
ţǨϢأЩ˹Ħ˲ж£ʱ޷ҽײμؾĺôЩ˹Ħ˲뵽Լ¡
޷ڵ˹Ħ˾۾ӵأǧˣ΢һչܰһǧ˿ڱϡ
˹ĦҲûʲôҵñģеļҵǳԵĺʹټһЩªԭʼı
޷ʵ˹Ħ˻Ⱥ䣬ҪҪȥ֪ͨȺ䣬Լȥ䵱ʹߡ
޷ޱȣЯС޷˹Ħȥ֪ͨȺ䣬޷ҪԼȥиҪҪ޷ȥ
һǧ˹Ħ޷Ĵ£ȫ˱ıϡ˹ĦСȣһ˻ŷա
˹Ħﾭ̣ȫſ˱ıϣ߶ƽ
ʱ˹Ħ˶ʼķѩȻʧˣ˹Ħ˸оһɴδоůһ˹Ħ׳ŵͦһдеɫ̲ס
̵ص˹Ħ˸ϽкԼļͬһۿе˹Ħ˶𺳣еվߺѡ
ɵ̵ص룬ȫ˹Ħͨ޷е˹Ħ˽˺
ƬǹУڱƬؽ˹Ħ˾סԸ˹Ħṩе˱ҪΪػͼڣԼƬϵõһа֮һ
˹ĦˣеһȫԸģû˻ǿȱκε飬˭Ը⹩ѡع鵽ԼԭסأԸȥ˹Ħ˵İȫͬƬ棬ҪĤݱԶ
޷֪ЯԼģڸ˹Ħ˽һ֮ϴԼļ̰ݵڱǰʾԸΪػͼڣ롣
˹Ħ˼޷£Ҳ׷׸Ű£޷һŷ
ɰѱ˻ˣЦˣɣԺǾǸһˣʲô鱨ҵֺţұ֤ǰƽ
дߡԸȴ˺ܷĵģǲлӡ
ԼҪ˹Ħ˸ؾһ֣ҲǵʱеĸǾǱҪ顣
ǳ˵ֵܣɶҲ˵Ҿһ仰ôڣŸһ

ʱ䣬ѾǷǳˣʱͱϻǣȻˡ
Ҳñ޷γ˹Ħ峤˹Ħеһ˶Ҫ޷İš
飬޷顣
Ҫ½˹Ħѡ˹Ħ˼̻࣬Ǵ½ϵԣȻɾ»Ķ顣
ȻҪЩ˽ѵеһѵʶķʽ޷ļУ޷Ϳѵѵ˹Ħ齨ľˡ
ӽָóٵı滨һĸ߼еָ޷ʹãһؾĽ޷޷Ͳ˹Ħ˵峤˹Ħؾ߽졣
ʱһζҪϸϻˡ
еʱ޷ĵܵ޷ʹߣϣ޷ܹؾеõúõĶܹһָͼǿ˹ĦؾսͬʱҲܰѼؾô˹Ħ
һн׵޷һ·иϻǡױ޷͵ɳƽԼǸϵУػ͵
ػ͵ǳ֮㣬Ѿȫ͸ˡԸػͰػѾ˷ǳΣյıԵˡ
ҿػеľȫסˣȻػͶҲȲˡ
쵤Ȼ춾Ƴģȴػʵ顣ȷ쵤Լ쵤ĽⶾЧ
Ӧ˵쵤춾ĽⶾЧǺܲģڽⶾĹ쵤춾жߵڲҵķӦ
ޱǿûʲôػ͵Ȳǿ˵жҲ̫ܲܳܵס쵤춾ĳͻЩġ
ѾزҲûѡˡ
һҧ쵤ػιˡ
쵤һ뵽ػ͵ĸУϾͲǿҵķӦػԭһϢӣϱüΪ꣬御ܱס˾ȴǲͣس鴤ԭڵɫһӱ˽һɫػ͵۰ֱϷҲͻ˰ĭ
ҿѩԱߣȻĸײ֪۳ʲôӡ֪쵤ҩЧǿ춾ĶԣػжôҲķӦ
أػͿʼŻµ֢״ҲʼųɫĺҺϲķ֣ػ͵ɫȴתɫˡ
Ͱػϵľȫ򿪣ܹЧءػ;ڣʹҪҲǲܷйһ¡
ػ͵ʶˣһԼ˸׵ûڲѣǸ˵ԼûˡϽοػͣ˵Ϊҩˣ˭Ҳûа취һҳ˭ҲҪˡ
ػû˵仰ֻȥˡ
ȵػͶȫˣػι˵ҩָػϴ壬Ű½нػ͵ѩѩġ
ôʱıȷʵˣһϢ죬Ż


715 նж
죬ƫ֮кȲϢԴȴڷ˼һε顣
רõ壬ǣԼνǣӺͺӣʾͲһˡ
ˣͨȫ˵ӹô̿ӣ°Ҷӣɽ֮壬ʵǱ޳ܣΪ֮裡ɱ޹ֻʱȥȡ߱ӵĹͷɫݵ˵һεĴʵ̫ˡ
±鷳ǣ޹֮ˣĺҲҪ޸ˣ
¼ٿٵؼ¼ָ֮һ飬һѯ֮ȥɫʵ̫ˣվ߶ܹܵһεѹʱ䳤˸ͳܲס
ӣߣһĲ˰ȻֻУǾͲܹˡ˵˫һǿŭȼš
ܿͷȥˣǵ۹ָͨϢ֪顣Ϊǵ۹δܵȴ൱ڴǵ۹Ŀԡ
һʱ䣬ǵ۹ˣؾֱŭ죬ڱӺͶӵԹϣܶר뱱ԡǻʵǿɰû
ܾЩͷͨ۹Ϣʦһ֮յĳһۡĶʧ
ӵ£û뵽ܹųɱ֯ӵĴɱ֮Ȼϵ˵ˡǾǸľӾʦɬ˵ʱĺ뷴ԣҲ֪ٲʲôĻӸ㲻Ļ
ʱ򣬱ӵǴֱ࣬Ӱڰ֣˵ҪǱҪ飬ֻû뵽Ȼôǿ󣬶嶼ûϧôõһλᰡ
ʦаһ䣬ȴʲôû˵˵ʲôҪһ仰ʾĻǾֻСӲı
ӵ£ô飬ıȻǸˣʦգգС۾˼һ˵ܱôֻҪӻţ߻е̣бǸ߸ϵľʦ
һˣҲͱ˸û˵Ĺĵطûˡ
˵ǺܽȣˡҶ˽⣬Ӧû̵ʱұӱ𣡺ߺߣǾٸһӣԼԼĿɭ˵µѾû뷨ˡ
ʦͷӦһ֮뿪ʣ±һﲻ֪˼ʲô
ͬʱڶĶͬòȥ뱱Ľ֮飬µҲʼˡֶβʲôطʹãҶ֪ģһŵ̨ϱ֪Ǿ͵óڵķŭˡ
һʼҲûзϣϾڲ飬ͨ˸Ͳôࡣɽ鷢˱仯ھȻðʲô߰šͳˣֻһʱǱչں󣬵ڴıԶӵͳγв
Ҳɵ֪йϵɵһ֮󣬾Ȼûκεİ취ȥֹĴ
ټؾ֮սһʵû˼ٹôˣֻҪЩ˲췴ȥɡ
ǱݺԼӺͺӵϢ֮󣬶ˣñѾˣô˵˰ɣƫƫûãôⴿû¶ҳ鰡
˰ͨأӽйעؾĶͬʱؾеļϸǵɴԼ۾еϢҪݻ뻹´ֵߣСĽõĻֶΡ

ǵ۹㶦ĸڻѾ˶ԱӺͶӵİΪǷһȫǷǽİͲУ
Ҳǵ۹ôһ鵰⣬ڼϱ߻ϵϢǼӿĲǵ۹սҲϣ˭Ըȥˮ
ԣ㹻ĳĬڵȴǵ۹ͳһʱ䵽ȵǸʱսϵغ֢ˡؾͳһǵ۹ҲûãǸܲסټĵ̰
˶ûע⵽Ⱪ֮ǰΨоˡ
ǵ۹ϢҪԿһģܴС鶼ĹĿΪӵˣ֪ϢҪԣЩӼϸߴݻϢֻҪĵվܹһЩ˿ġ
ǶôٵϢֻҪһϢ˵õģ֮ǰһսʤٲϢĹ͡
죬Ѿסˡػͽָˣʮָˣѹŭȴͬɽһ㵽˼ޡ
Ҫʲôˣ
ӣǸüһˡ˫Ȼһ䣬ΧĿ¶ȶ˼֡
һԣԨ۹ĺΪĵغŽӳ˼֮лѹ
һ㶣̧ͷһƵĹɫЩѿˡղžȻûпסԼϢֱӽΧΰʸˣĺϵ·˲ٵ塣
ĺͣҡεؿ˿ڣȴ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ĺ͵һЦ˽Ȱ˵ĺ͸Ѿˣ˼׵ġ
һ漴̾Ϣһ˵ұһҸ̫ңʵ̫ˡ
ĺ֪дȴ󱯣Ը̫ˡûһҵͳ˵Ǽ˲ġĺѾûнĻˣòץסĻᣬȻǲŹġ
ͷʾĺͼ˵νԹ壬ھһǣźӶʧȥһЩǵĵ߰
һһͩѾ御ˣЩ翹ףͲȥϵǵ۹ΣνӣʲôɱľɱնľնɲԨ۹ʱɱ˰ĺ΢һɫ˵
ĻҲĺ͸˵˵ҲһãҪǻ˱ˣͲ˸˵
üͷ壬ʵ˼ܵͬӰ̫ˣ
ĺĬȻͷϵЦѾ¶˳վǼΪģЩ΢һ㣬Լͨˡ
ô˵ңѾȡõĳɾ͵Ŀʲôˡͷ΢΢һƻѾȥ˲١
ǣǵҪͳһǵ۹ͳһ˵ĺٴοڣѾᵣˣˣ˵˾С
һЦվ˵ãĺɣȥᱱӣһնж


716 ʮʿ
ĺֱͣǵĶȥ
˶ţһСɽ֮ڣһƬͨ֡
£ؾ޵У
һò֮£ؿ˵΢΢һָǰôȻشмѿˡ
ѷ¶һֻ˼粢ͨĵ·Ĺ߻谵ޱȣǽ뵽ʲôܻء
˽ȥ˫֣΢΢ʹԴŽ°߲ĵ·
֮ǰĹ߽һ˶䳡ǰ
ճͨͷһѾۼˣȫɴ۾Լ
潫ؾѾϣ뽫ָʾΪһ˿ںظͦĸ߸ߵģβסϲá
ԴЦеʵô֪ˣ
潫Χʮﶼ̽κ˵Ľ붼ᱻֻ֪ҪԼ˾ͲᴦӵĶӳغ˵İԵ
صͷ̾ãûʧһΣҪģҪʮˣǿĶʮˣ
ʮֻҪʮˣ
֮еһɽžͼǱҪΪʮ֮һֻ˵еߡ
˶ĦȭƵغܲһչ֣ԼҲ֪˵ǿı׼ʲô
뽫ָʾȫԱ룡ӳԽ߿ˣһ˿˿زҪ˵ʵǿӳôᱻ°ɣ
һȺʮ㣬徢ļһĺȻһ£ȻԼΣʵ̫ˡ
һεǳΣգȫûĿԡ˼˰죬ջǾ˵ЩɶؾеļӣҪʲôʧǿɲܹġ
ǰȺԾԾԵļһǣûпһȴ˼Σ֮󣬸Եþˡ
ǡѵ𣿡ͷһΣ㿪ʵսǰļͬĵʻ
˶Ĭˣᶨǲ
ͷԼ·Ƿ࣬Ͼֵͬȴ̫شˡ
ã֮ǿ˭Ƽʮ˳Ƕӳ˵뵽һķӡ
ӳͷת㶢Ŷɨһܺ󣬺һ֡
һ࣬һ٣ʮŸˡ
ʮŸ˺֮Զվǰš
ӳǼ˹ȥһתغǿʮѾѡ
üһԭǿĶʮлӳ
Цһҡҡͷ˵ǶӳӵûĻﲻ͵ɣһˣ
ҡ㡭ҡӳһϲãطˣ޲ҸȥҵϾǸүǣ˭ΪҾһ˼
ȻأѵǸոȢϱȴԼϲһ
ƣ˵ƣƫƫҲκεȥܾ
ΪˣȻһ뷨һ֣ͷЦǾˣÿһ˶ԼΡǶӳξչ˺еԱҲһģ𣡣
ӳͨ죬ܿ˼УְλԽߣ֪ҲԽ࣬˶Թ˵ֵߣ׵ؾˣʧ̫ˡ
潫ף²ýʧģӳǳɤӺ˫ĿԼѾˡ
ӳĽӴǱȽ϶ģ֪һε¼ΪΣգ˵ȫûҲǲܡԽΣյԽǲԼĶԱȥȥЩļһǡ
ڸǰܹĽǷӰţ
Ҳ̫ģһεԴӡͷ˵൱ڸӳһԡ
⻰ӳܲȶ˲䰲һЦнڣ¹ףĿ
ͷʾѡһ˳
Ķʮ˵Ķ飬һ£ȻЦеؿ˵˭ԼǿģѡһֻҪӮͿȡԷλӡôû˰
⻰һڣһֱѹŵ˲ԱһĦȭƵغ޲Ҹļһﶯˡ
ɺְֵܿȺԱ˴֮ǳϤҪܴĹĻͱѡˡ
ԣֻ˽սǶһʵġ
սĶͬһˣɲþˣܲһһɡ
üͷһǰһЦе˵ˣͬʱսɣվһ˾ʤˡţʲôֶξþͺãҪġ
һɫǲͬսϲãսȴһɬ
սڶӳһŭпʼˣȻûȥһսʵÿһ˶Ҫ˵ĹͬʱҪúõطһãÿɲһ򵥵鰡
˫֣ĿϬޱȵؿųУսеÿһϸڶУʱʱػһ˵ԸʵԼȱ㡣
أɫЩ֮Ҳǻֽкá
ս˴Լһʱʱ뵽˰ȻУĥôʱ䣬˴˶СĽѱץסѱ
ڹƽԭ֮ҲûнϣǼӴ˷ֳʤѶȡ
ҵʱ䲻࣬ðһˡȻһЦЦ
Цڿռڻصһ£սе˵һ٣˾ǲȺתͷһ
ɾʱǸûп۾һ˫˲ĳһһҷֱλԱĲ
صһ촫ûаͷšĶԱɵˣǰĶԱԡ
ð㾹ȻҪ͵Ϯһ˴ŭתӾҪ
ʱȴǿˣˣˣղſҵˣѾˡ
ʲôѾˣڿЦ
ϻЩĲ⣬¶˵һܹӰ쵽ǵսղȫĻڿѾ˰ɣ
һ㶣ͬʱϱߣƤ⻬ϸ壬ȻһëҲˡ
ڣﻹ׸ղŷʲôͬʱЦſ˶ѣȭ˵һлл
л飬ͬҲлԼһΡ
ˣȱʣµֵǣԺҲиĻ뵽֮УڻǰԼʵɣĿ⾼˵ײԺᴫȺӶԱ֡
˵ָ˼ҪֱܼӣҾҪǿģʵ͵ùԹԵؼö˵
ʮϢʱ䣬ߵǡɨһȦôһ仰֮󣬱ת뿪ˡ


717 г
ʮϢѾվ˶ʮϢȵĶԱ
ÿһϵزסЦݣɫȻ
ǲǾõõһεǳˣ߷ǳˣöʮ˶˲֮ȻǼᶨص˵ͷ
׻˵ĺãǧñһʱЩӵѪҺѾ±ѵڼ䣬ȴûеõκε˵ʵ̫尾ˡ
һм˵ȥʲôʣʱ֪ôġ
ʮ˳׵ɵˣǶһֱ¼ȻĴ٣ɲһΣǺܺͰģôһα˲Ծ
ǣһǶʮһ˵ȥɱӣҪϧһд۽նɱĵʮ㣬˫ͬһиÿһ˵۾
ɱӣ
˲䣬ʮ˶ɵˣ֮ǰҲǹ񵽵ʲôɻûпǹǴɱѵ
ҪڴӵˣˣǿܻһϵеǱǵõһ֮ȥ֡ڲͬˣǸæˣ϶ôʱȥȴ
ʲôսƻΪԱȨ֪ģһ׳˶ĺӿʵ˫Ŀ֮˸ŴĿĹ⻪Ƕĳݺ;
ͷ΢һ㣬˵ƻҵļƻֱӽ뱱ڵĳУǱ޹Ŀ֣ɹ֮ٳ롣ģҵľͿˡ
⡭ôҲмƻ
ѹְѹ˵һȥ޻صս
ʮ˶һĵѾһüͷƺڿʲô
ЩոպϸĲģм˵ǣӵˣǲͨʿʰǵС˼רĵӦ顣򣬵ȴǵֻ·һڻҪ˳Ҫ˳ڻü
ɴ۾ؿЩһ֮ԱƺΪȫΪЩ˲ûоôΣյ̬Ҳȷôһᣬúõؽһ
ţֻҪЩܹŻǵδԣ⽫һҪ
ǲ˳ؾʤ޵УʮͣԼôϢʱ䣬ͬغ
һĻصͷһЩĳɣҪ˳ĻֻѪһˡ
ãǳһ֣ǰһ͵ķ롣
ԦŷֱűȥΪʡȴҪ鷳ֱڷϲƶ󷨣ٴӿг׵ڸϱߣܹټ˲ᳬһ֮
һֱȥܿͷɹؾƵ˱ӿܴڵĳ
Ϊ˱ԣô󣬱Ͼĵزס˵ʮ˵ʵСһһ˿Ͳˡ
ڷУѾͨͨѶӿڵĳиȷһóϢе㲻⡣
һʱڣӻû¶棬һ¶滹һͳڣֻ֮Ϣȴ޷ȷˡ
ӣȻҲ֪ˣǺαصҵ鷳أһЦɲǲǲˣȻʱ޷ȷӵλãǾͰпֵܳаһѡ
Ѱ˸ʵλͣʮȥ̽һ
ڱӵĳҲŵϺŵˣÿս̶ʤغܡ׵سһ̶ӵĺߣɻ˳С
ſڵ̲黹ǱȽϸģǳ̶ӣҲûйʣϾǵľ̹̣ԷĶǲܶ
˳ǣ׼˸뿪˳ŷĽֵʼչǿʶ̽Ϣ
һΣУѾȥĿʲôˣֻҪܹٵȷӵλãǾ㹻ˡ
СԺԺ⣬ָϢͷߣǿˣҲ̲סеͷΡϢʵ̫ˣҪǻ÷ֿ鷳ĺܡ
ֱ֮ӱ˱ס޹ȥõϢǱӿѾ뿪ˣȥ˱ĳС
ʩչһƤװ֮˱ӵ޹Уݳ޵װ꣬ҡҡͷ
Ϊһ쵼ߣ˵ݳ޶ȣ˭
޹֮ʶϸϸɨѰһ֮ûзκεĶ
ѵĲط
ˣǿ鷳˰΢΢λ֮սʱпܱҪ̵ʱȻץȥְִ
ӵӰʲôطҲʵ⡣
֮£ֻ˳ǣص˶ʮڵĵط
ҵʲôʱ֣һȽļĶԱʵȴûзƽϹһļꡣ
ҡҡͷ˵Ӳȥһط
һ㶣û˸Ҵ𻰣ɵҲ֪ڵ鲻ˣҪʱǴû¶ҳ͡
ٴοΣֱһжȥ
нˣֻõпܻǱӵĲ֮أһ˹ͷųϢأ
ô˵黹ҪƽľԹԵذοԼ˭ңΨң
ڶкܿ͵ˣ֮ǰķɵؽ̽飬ȻûбӵӰ
һˣӲٵĻǡüͷšһɽ壬ѹŵĻҪˡ
Աǿźӵʱʶһ仰Ҳû˵ֱߣ֮ԹԵλϵȴһС
У
ϣؿڳһȦȻûУ
ģ㵽ܵȥˣҪˣһƽһǳǽˣʯ׷ףŵ˲ٵˡ
ܿѲ߶ӳ˹ҡҡͷε뿪ˡ
˳ǣóͨѶȥѯûµϢĳжûбӵټܰ
ʱûʲôЧϢŶԵȣͨѶרԱһһʮػرţɾʱһϢݽˡ
ͨѶרԱٵϸĶŸոմϢǸйϵģǼйϵģص۲һ
ͨѶͷӵȴţھͷĲӬһ㣬ȴ׼ȷָ
ͷһΣоΪı磬ʶǿȻ޷Ѱӵڣò˵Ǹ簡
ҵˣؽոյõһ޷֤ϢǸһֻӴľӣеߣǱӾеĸ߼죬߾ǱӱˣͨѶרԱ΢΢Щ˵֪ȥұҪʲôҲƴİæȥұˡ
һĨϲãʵǴĸȥǣʱʲôʱ򣿣


718 
ЩǴ뵽ǵģԼһʱǰ
ͨѶרԱʵ鱨˳ҲЦݣܹæҲˡ
ãˣйעӵĶϢʹ͸ҡ˵֮ҴҹҵͨѶѾûжʱˡ
ŷظϣһһڷȼţղŵϢ΢һˡ
ߣ벻ؾ֮оȻмϸλûͰɫ䣬Ѿʼųʲôˡ
֮ǰûпǹ⣬ڲͬˡոմ뿪Ʊӵ˾ͻˣҪ˵ɺҲûпܣδе̫˰ɣ
Ҳץڼʱ򣬻ȥǱӸʰҪ
ٶȷӵ˼£ǿܴ߶֮£Լ޵ٶȿšڷеӵĶԱǶеɵˣǴû뵽ܹٶȷУҪɢˣ
ʱ³֮С
λǵҵźţֻҪͨѶˣǽͨ˰ҵͺáɨһ۶ʮˣɫ΢΢Щصؼ˵һжΣպܴ󣬸λмҪҵҵжôĲǶҪȥӣ𣿡
ף񽫾ʮͬ˵ȻѹǹӼᶨ֮Ȼ
ͷתǵķȥú˺ʵĿꡣһ֧ԼĪа˾ʮ˵Ķ飬ѺһнٶȻ
ҲûˣֱӲһ޴Ļ鶼ڣǿĹ˲סˡ
˵Ļᣬʩչסˡ
Ϊǵ۹δֻһˣԺһúõزǡ˵Ѿûʱ˷ˡ
˰ţŶǰнţ֪ͨ˺󷽵ӵĶʮˣǰϡ
һжļƻţֻ֧ǵʱ̲ܵҪϸĶࡣǰ˶Ҫһ飬ҪʼؾһҺҳ̶ӵ·ϣͳһ˿ھ򻹲֪ʲôӵ鷳ء
˳ǣʶչصȥ̽޹ķΧڡ
޹֮ڣܹԵزһص谭Լʶ̽顣
ĻӦþǱ˰ɣа뵽һ˿²ִġ
Ȼ˱ӵڣҲͲżˣʶһֱͣ޹̽еϢԼԱһ̶һסһҿջϢ
ӵĶԱǱֶܲǵǧٹ֣ǱռҲǳе飬ԶԸĺܡ
ҹӰȻ˿ջ¥
һ£һ˸ų޵ŭ
λңҪκεκ˶׼뿪ʮ֮⣬󷨾޷סǡɫΪᣬһ̲ɱϡ
ͷ漴սο£ߡ
һΣȻͷɱӵʵ̫ҪˣñͷֻԼ
СذԤ·ǰţʶ鲼ǵĴСÿһɵĵطз紵ݶĻᱻ
ãһж˳
ŵ΢Ѿ˱޹ǽ
ǽԵһ󣬽ǵŴӴָͳ˾ֱǽϱ߻һŻ
Żܹ˲ͨУںڰĽû˹ĻͲױ֡
ͷʣĶʮν룬ûзһ˿һĬѾǧٱһ
ֲһ󷨣Լĺ·һ֣ŶԱֱ㶵޹ĺĴȥ
ƶ輫ߣǽ۷󷨴ʦ̽飬ѰĸָͲȻҪû¶һһϸ̽ÿһû󷨵Ļǻ˭ûáΪ󷨵ĴڶҪģһʣµûа취ˡ
һ·ϣŶʮɵضܹһѲ߶飬ͬԼҵĺ԰ɢһ
˳ʵ̫˳ˣ˳е㲻ͷ
᲻е̫˳ˣѵüͷٴϸؽ޹Χȫ̽һ飬ǡ
ϧȻûзκεĲ֮ΨһҪ˵׵ֻкĴĵطǵطҲ󶥶˸һǧľأѾǼеļˡ
ˣҲùȥ˵ˡ
ס˼סϢǰǰţֻܵĽƵʽһЩ
һӺһֺĴլԺǰʮ˶ڻ谵Ľߣɴ۾ǰĴţ֪ڵĻ϶Żߡ
ʶ˷ԸסˣҪ¶κεɱƽѵһڼϢҪؼ˯ȼĿ֮󣬵ĵ˵֮ٱɣ
ٴεͷЩѵģ㹻ܹ
һʼʶȥ̽һƬصĴڡϸһƣһֶαȽϸ߼ĸ󷨣רʶ̽飬ĵûʲô֮
ٶȫķʽͻ󷨡
͸󷨵ڲ֮ɵͻƣɾʱ󷨾Ȼһ£
ãˣһںӱߣвʪЬ˵
ȷǸ󷨲٣ɲ֮ҲǸֲţȻ뵽󷨲֮ͻᷢ
һ֮ɢɫĹâ˴̶
˸ҳ壡֮ȫնɱһڶѾйɲĸоˡ
ѾߵһˣҪٶʲô
һȣһȭŸƬſڲһ󷨡һоӳҲҪķһʱġ
˴Ժһȵӣˣ㻹һ𣿡
һ֣ڴԺзŵĻǷ׷׺˿γ˸ӽܵķ͡
ãȻԸͷڹ꣬ǾͲҪɱ޹ˣ·ߣɱ⣡һоһǺһ۵ĵâ˲䱼ڶȥ·֮նɱΡ
һʱ䣬ҽڶ
ʶѾ̽鵽˱Ӿڰ޹֮ڣɫؿǰţĶʮʿ࣬ɱǲֺ
꣡꣡꣡
һ·˱ʬ壬Ѫϣϣ·ûвһ㣬һֱǰš
ӣҳغҪöԷ
ϧӦһʿΪֹѹûпӵӰ
Ӳˣҷˣ°һͶұҪڣ


719 ٵģ
ŭֿ꣬ΧΧǵʿҲľ
˭֪ؽޱȣ˵ľӶûа취οǧ֣
ݵĽ֮ʿǺˣĿ־ǲò˿ĳŭʼûǰһ
ǰԨһͬħһɱڣ˭Ըװ׵
ͬΪˣԸɱ޹ٶ˿վնɱⱱӣɫ˵Ͼͬ壬֮ͬɱԽܡ
ϧʿվʿô¶ǲ˿ġ
龰˷ʱ䣬ͺһо裬ǰе·֮ǰһԵɾˣͨ޹ĵ·ϱضѪͲ֫ϱۡ
ᵶڵػţ̶
ǿɱɢЩոҪ̤ǰеʿǾȻ˺üڣǵıˣվ̫ˣ޷赲ƻ
ǹһĨ̵ЦݣһӣǽŵĽʵľ˲飬¶谵Ļ
һȦվţмΧһŻ۵ûӡ
죡ɱֻҪɱҡҾͽһУǻ֮´˳Ŀһ޷˵ӣʶǱһϴŵĳַ˿
Ѿˣܲʣµͺˡ
һһǰȥ֪ʲôʱʼѾʼѧĥ˵ķˡ
ڣٴжˣһس˹Ҳ㲻ЩԼϱߡ
ϵ·ˣϵȴȻᶨޱȣ·ҲõȰѱӸնɱˡ
ӣһĳ裡ȻĵֶΣᣬһǵ۹ʵһ춼ǱҪҧгݵ˵ȺҪһĻͲҪķôľķһվ쵼ֲͿ
һ仰Ҳ˵һڻػ֮»ź󷽿ȥ
üͷһȻһе㲻ҪǷƽĻ϶Լһˣǲ۵ĻҲԼ䡣
ѵթܵصɴ۾һξֱسһȺм䣬ץòڻ±ߵıӡ
ٶʵ̫ˣ쵽ûܹһҲøĶʮԱ뵽֮УͷͷȱʧǵĶαȻҪиı䡣
һ˲䣬ʮ뵽˿ս֮С
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һ촫ǰĹĻ˲ӱҲ޴ȥԶ
죡ס£һ˵ȷ׷׺һѷ¾ۼ˱ӵǰ
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ҹһǿϢŷֱӽһʿһ߶Ψʣһڵϣѡ
һΣߣһץסĻۡ
һ۱˺˸飬¶˶
쵰˲䱩ŭˣ˸ͲǱӣֻ뱱ӳƶѡ
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Ӧ˹ٵʩչһ˵ļ󣬾ͽһˡ
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ˣһ¼뵽ս֮С
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񱩵غţʩչҪΧʿƿϧխĿռڣʿ̫ˡ
Ҫ⻹ϵʿڳ޹ڵʿڵʿʿٵؿ˹
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߰ɣ˵ʵ̫ˡһԱں˱㱻һ첲ʹᵹһԣűǹڶ
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ǰеٶȿ࣬мԱó˸߼еҪʹãϧûؾͱԱߵҵ
еķҪʱ䣬ҪģôڷͲȡʲôЧЧӰ쵽Լˡ
̶̵ʱڣԶصȥ
ͣǿеŭ֪ԼҪʲôһڲϵȰԼ֮ǰѾ׼
ɵһǰʱڵѪǷˣΪһɱ񣬲ϵոŵ·ߵ
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ŶԱһ·񱼣ԭɱǣѾ˾ҪĶǾӡ
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ӰΪɱȻʮŭԣҲȥɱˣֻϣܹ뿪
꣡
ҽٴδԶһΪĴ˲䶥סˣһʧ㽫ԼԴ˳ȥ
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֮䣡ͺһȫ⻪ƤʼôֲһƬƬƬ֣ڶʱھȻ˸ģ
һɣĹȻ񱩵عΧҲûж˸ˡ
ʱͷһƣֻʮˣҸϴ˺ۡ
ߣһֱôֶνʮǰȥڳ˳֮ڿնȥ
һսʵ̫ˣ˰ȫĵط֮󣬸Ͻĸˣȴһ仰û˵
֮ʮ˻ȥˣѵڣֻ˵һ仰Բֵǣ
ɴҶ֪Ͳܹ־͹ڼ飬⡣
į뿪ˣԽܣǳܲʧܣǳеװȥ
飬ԲٴηˣҪסһҪסһ
Լĸ룬ҲԼĳͷ
صڣڱ֮ϣɫؿԶ
κ󣬻˻֣˵ȥһ£ѿɵ˸һҪЩڼȫնɱ
Ӱ߳˶һ£ſ뿪ˡ
һεûؼʱӰؾľġ
ⱱӹһ٣ȻķˣΪٽ˴սĵ
ɣɣĻҪնǣյõ徻üͷšţͳɳơ
һһһҹڶ峿һٵĽŲ̧Դ


720 עһ

˫һɣ
ؽ붫ӼӣؾΪ
˶ӺͱӼľʱһʱ仹ΪԼˡ
Ӷһٶʮ󲿶ӣӶһʮ󲿶ӣƺƵĴѹһһ۵ļư
ؾ֮£λӵή˲٣ӸܵټǰؾܵʧôĲôճģ
ǲ¶ַģ鱨һʵ⽫һģΪӴĴͻս
Ҫؾսе˼룬ǻҪԴģ
һ£ûҪ鱨ϸһ㣬ʵ׼ȷӦ׼ǵѡ
û㱨鱨Ա飬һϸʵӺͱӵıһĵоķλãڴ˻ϸ˵սͼҲǷǳҪġ
鱨ԱˣЩģͨͨѶĸפر߷פͶ߷ؾȡϵ
ǿһǣעֵܳĵˡ
ҪСɵ˳֣᣻ҪǳϵĴģӽԳеȼ̷ݵΪУַؾԶ̸߼е򲻿˻ƴ
׵лĲֱӵؾפصı߾شҪؾ߾פ
û뵽ǣɳƽҲѲӣһ
һ֣ʹȤɳԼͳ˧λϴţܵʲô
ɳƽٺһЦ˵ؽҲûͳ˧λϴô鱨ʾеעһζͳ˧סˣ߷˧סô
ͷ˵ǰĿǰؾǵ۹Ѿռ˾Եƣкɨͳһǵ۹ơ±ӺͶӲѰ˼ԱĵķˣҾʲôè尡
ɳƽһ˵ؽҵǾǱȻġ
һԷ̬ƣɳƽô˵ǱȻأ֪ɳƽϳɳأᷢһЩ޸ݵļ⣬ʾɳƽ˵ȥ
ؽµƣǱӺͶѾƵ˺·ľ·ϣ룬Ҫλãôأ
һѾˣҲһӻȻʡ
԰ԼƵ±ϣ϶ǲԴеģһǻעһƴһġ
ƴһȶγ˾Եƣֻǻӵľˡ
ɳƽ֪׾еĹؼؽյĶӺͱӵ̵˿ͳƣóıʵѾǽˡӦеΧڵľȫټһǿ±γĹģ
̾ǰ鱨ӦΪףǵһ鱨»ɡ
ɳƽһӲؾӪ߱˵ؽεս»кܴĲͬţǱӻǶӣһʮַǰǻȴʱһȴǷӮ·ɹѡˡ
ûлشɳƽⷬ˵˲
ؾǰճפطػԼĵ̣Ҳ˵ÿһռݵĳУȵؾפء
Ϊؾǵ۹ȡ˽˵սһ䵽һ͵ĵزؾҪػĵʵ̫ˡ
˿һӼһٶı͹һ㣬Ϊ˼ǹŵģŵľͲ´ЬġԼ߿ɾǻûʧˡ
бӦԵˣǾͻ᲻òһЩ̣Ҫÿһ̣ս̫ˣ޷γԸоıģġ
Щ飬Ҫһȡᡣ
ͬɳƽɳƽͳ˧ΨһĿǲϧһдۻþϵʤУΪؾеľ䣬ҪΪؾϽڵϰտһ¡
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ϵĻûʧУԺ鱨Ÿ鱨ѩƬһܵ
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ӺͶԼĵڣеԼΪȫˡеʳȫǹԹƣϽе˿ڣÿĿٷĿȥ⣬еķǾԱһΪṩսʱ
ӵ鱨İ𣬼ֱŭɶޣоΪһ֮˽ȻϽ˵ȫƣ˶ⲣΪؾͳ˧
ɳƽҲŭɣһножɳƽӾôҲ붼û뵽ɱȡһķоġ
ؽ鱨ѾǧȷˡбҪؾĸϽ޶ȵȫǰˡ
ͷ漯žԼϽڵرҪԱĲӣһɿεߺͱս
ؾĿǰľ͵̵ãܹǰߵĲӣжҡվͽԭϷžʮ򲿶򶫿£߷ؾžṩʮĲӸϷ漯žϳһԶӵĴš
ؾ뼯žʮӣܵߣؾ漯žϳһ߾ţԱӵĴ
û뵽ǣѾ׺ˣһٶʮĴЭָӻûеλ£ѾʮͷӶؾ˵һЩоݵ˷Ľ
ǱҴɰһ裬ѹϵĲӻǰĹӻһûЭõǰ£ֻܻң̤¼ǶһһٶʮĴ;˵ֱİ
Ӳû뵽һ㣬Ӹ׵һǣһúؾùֻȹ̷ȴԼľֻʧܵˡ
ԱӸͷֱؾ󲿶ӻڵǣ
ֻҪвƸŮɹ³ǵʿã
³ǣͳͳɣ
Ϳӵ˫£ӵͷӱ˾˵սؾÿǳжʮˣڱͷػɱʽ£ٳǳضʧ֡
ÿһؾǳص䣬źԵǡжףȫɱŮҲֻһĹ֣Ҳȫնɱ
ٻ¾ǿªıĳǳܶʼš
ӵǰսŭڣϾҪ±еıӾӡ
ɳƽסؽʹ񡣵ԽûԵĻԽǱ¶Ҿδãǧܸų嶯
沿Ťĵزˣ嶯ҪıûеǾͲˣһҪ֪µҪܵͷġ


721 ͬ
ɳƽĸ֣弸Ǳ׹ˡ
ؽ侲㣡ͳ˧㶼ӣʿҲһ۾ȥôΪһˣ㹻үǣΪһͳ˧ıֲҪ֪ܹӰһʿѵҪôֵܵȥðô
⻰侲ˡ
ɳƽһѪģͳ˧ǻֱӹ䵽ÿһʿԺеġӿԼºһԼȴҪΪÿһԼµ˸ġ
뵽ƿɳƽȻλϡ
ɳƽ֪һˣһͳ˧һǱʣȴԱͷӵıУʧصĵط
ڲǸʱ򣬶Ҫעĵطȥ
ؽղҵĻҲûоӣϣ֡ɳƽͨתע
ȴĿ⾼ؿɳƽ˵ɳûдңΪһͳ˧ղҵʧְΪؾĽ죬ͳ˧Ұ
һ£һ֪ͨĺϸϵһɳƽ
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ǵɽԱؾڷɢɳƽҹ֯һֻ˹ģĲӣЯ滨ΪҪװľӣϱһأ£ɢؾˡ
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ʼĿǰϾơ
ɳƽͨղŵľٶѾжϳսͼˡǾǲӵľνľô¸ҲŸһ蹷ȥս
ֻҪסɽգӽķоƱػᵼ±Ӵ󾢲㡣Ǳ书һֻۣҪؾӦԵõÿ׿㶼ʣˡ
˫еĵƶѾˣǾԹʵƴûаͶȡɵĿܡ
Ǳ߼ѣߵǼѡӷڳһ󣬾͸蹷һѾûʲôǲʧȥˡ
߿Ҫ£ϰհЩϰյ뵽ԵĴõļһУеһжҪṩͱĲͬ
ҪǹṩסУҧ֣ôҪһϰгɧңһֳǧ
ҲΪʲôĺͽԭ
ɽ´ؾ޷ȫսҪĺʮӣѹİաɲ񱱻һʲô˿ڶҪˣһ˼Ҫֳʮ򲿶פɽȷɽϵİȫ
ܹʵͶ뵽սģҲǰʮӡ
Ҫǣӻһվڱ˭֪ʱ򱱻ûгϵĶó
Ҳ˲̫ˣɳƽϸĺ͵ʮӡĺʮѰܶɴȺɢĵطͬʱѩ˵ʣͨ͵Ĵ͵ɽ´
ĺ߻û׼ãһصİڣ½½ӿˡĺ֪⻹Сɵ񳱣񳱻ںء
Ϊ˱ٵѹĺʿЩ񾡿ܵ͵ؾУøĳܹһɽ´еزٵѹ
˵죬ĺ;ͳ鲻ˣӿ񳱼Ҫһظûˡеһأһ⣬ʮӵҼγ˾޴еҪͱһĹذǽ
ĺͲĺ֣ӿĺȷַһļªסʣԼȻרŵ˸ԴıҪƷ
գۼ䣬̵ɽ´Ӵ˼ʮﳤȺ
һʮ죬񳱲Žˡʮʱĺͣɳƽûһܺú˯һġ
ԶԶ󣬹аʵȴһʮ
ĺ͸Ͻܱߵĳפϰգһ赼Ⱥ
ĺñȴһ͵Ļս
һֱԺ󣬸ڻϰյؾ׳أһزų׷գ˲ŵõ˴Ϣ
˾Ǵĳݡ
һʮ񰡣
ʱЩ޷лرģҲ˵൱һʱڣЩ˾ǴĵȺ֯һЩһЩԵĹҲǲʳʰ
еһֻǳϱؿҧ˸ˡ
ǵ۹ؾϽڵ
Ԩ۹Χͨʹ
ʱ䣬£ЩģҲǸ⡣
ĺɽ´һʢıʽܹؾʿľʿϰ˰ȫеֱ۸ܣֻҪˣʲôðˡ
ɳƽĺܺãܹȶĶҼһ¶ԵеС
ɳƽܾµģıϸƻɳƽȫȨĺͷֹ͸֯ϰܹȻιıʽ
׼죬ʢıʽǵĹע¡ؾС
һӶؾǵǰһ߹ǷһһĻľӱҲˡ
ؾ꣬ׯжӵؾǰԴǵĽ
ָͿ̿ʧĸԭǱΪеɥĲĲ֮ս˱ӾµַıУׯһҪѱԵļһﳹײˡ
ؾʿеȻûĿñӾӵıУ˹ģϰǱ˴ҵĳ
Ϊ൱ؾսʿūܹõԼĵĸо
ӵıУֱǸͬһ㡣
һؾսʿƲסеļ۸ߺЩԵļһ
ϵõؾͬ飺ЩԵļһ
Ѫڷڣؾʿ޲ϳȥײеĵ˶һ
ϣѪ˶һ
ؾ䣡ؾʤ
ؽ䣬ؽʤ
е᳤һЩŮ޵ڵء
Ȼ䣬һ۵߽Уش󽫾ش󽫾
˳һԭǸСڸкΪȺ̫ıʽУĺıؾ赲⡣
ǸСתͷ͸ӵĴкˡ
ʾؾսʿСŽ΢ЦʵСѣҪʲô
Сһ飬η忴ش󽫾Ҫξ


722 춯
СĻеȫĺԼû
ĺߵСǰЦʵСѣˣ֪ξĹô
Сٴβһ±ʮˣʱܸŰµظɻˣҿܶһ˸ɻôܲξ
ɳƽôСĺ˵ĻеһľģḧСͷ˵СֵܣؾбǼΪϸģʮǲܲξġǸ㸸ĸߣȵʮòã
СһɳƽƣԴɳƽѾˡ
ûеˣҽ㱻ˣҰΪ˱ңҲԼˣɱˡҴӲĵطҪƴҪǵˣҿҲͱɱˡ
˵СΧе񣬻ؾսʿСĽˡ
һսϼʮ˶ġʵÿһ˵ϣͶһҾ徵Ĺ¡
ĿѾȡһģЩѪؾսʿ
Ҳо۷ȣһĺͣĺ֪˼С˵Сѣȵ㵽ʱ͵ȥòð
СһҲҲҲҾҪϲξҪҵĵﱨҪɱˣ
ĺ͸ϽµؾսʿСߣС޴ȴǴÿһ˵ϡ
ش󽫾ѾʮˣҿԲξ˰ɣҪؾҪɱУ
ԶԶԣҲˣҲҪξ
ûһ˵ѪҺǱģûһҪ̤ġʴӵʱֻǿƵǰӴܣһ˷˻ʱû˻ȱ
ǿҲξĺе侲
ƽʱĳظǽͣսһǳп飬ġؾĴͳǾⲻҪҪǰѸողξ±Ͷ뵽սϣ޹ȥս޵׶
ؾ˵ǾԲԭµġŶԵޱȵޣǾĺͳɷڵĹɱвһҪսϣ󷽶ǰ֧֣ܹͬȷؾʤľ
ɳƽ꣬ϼؽԼǣǣؾǰǰկ벻Ǻ󷽵ǿ֧֣ǼʹûսһģͬǵǿУ
ؾսʿӯǧߺУ
ɳƽͷ˵ǡЩ˿Լ뵽ӣЩ˿ΪؾźڱϣҪ⣬ӵ±ҲͶ뵽սҪսϻȥͱ뾭ѵСģսģսһӦսһԼǿֻǲܹȥܹӭһδεʤ
ɳƽɿҲǳ⣬ԣɳƽ˵ⷬ󣬱˵ûǣҲѵˣҲѪˣսܲпᡣΪؾ죬ҲǵЦҲǣȫž۵Ľ˵Ĺǻҿ
ԣΪԼʺϾӣܹΪսսʿǣԱμؾв׼ģҲ١֮ԻҪǵĹұ֤һôҷǵרõ
лؽ
ˣֱ˶ֱӣϵĻ򶯡
ⳡıﵽԼҪĿģĺͺɳƽ˸Դ;ӻع鵽Լפء
˾۵һ𣬶ڽļҲǾþòͻ
ɳƽ¶Цݵ˵ؽĿǰʿǵǳ֮ǣǽٻУٶԼµսһҪӵĲӽеս˵ҪǲмͽڶʵûҿĿãʿã
ȴǵЦɳһǳĽ죬ôҲѪˣ
ɳƽ̾һ˵˾ܲѪôտʼʱ򻹵ǵĽʿΪҹѶЩηڿЩͲʲô¡
ĺ͸͵ǰҿǿҸܵǹɼĶ־ָǵǶʱγɵģؾŴΣսʤǿγɵһʡܵ񱯲ҾĴ̼ӳĸҲ֮еġ
ɳƽǺЦⶼؽ쵼֮²ܳ漣ĺͣ˵һ䰡
ĺʹЦɳ㻹ܼ©Ҫûؽؾأ
Цʲôľʱȱ˵ˣھʿãȴδһҪ
ɳƽ֪뷨ؽ˼Ҫչ˵ߵսȫֽǶȳ
ͷĿǰٵļ޶ָӵսơڱӺͶӶԣνӮ˾׬ˣҲûûʲôǱѾûʲôˣҪȻҲô񣡡
ĺͲ廰ǣѵܣѾʶԼĩнԶˣԲŻѹеѪһѡѾɱȡˣܹ׵ô׬ģ˴ܾˡǶĵģǧĳɹ
˵˶Щͷۡ
ͺñһвҵҪƲ˼Ҿһ档Ǹ˶ԷԼһѪҲǹġ
˰죬ǾʱҪսڵ˵ʿʱȥƴǼǵѡ
ֱսȻߴս
ԭΪؾʲô鷳˭֪սȴ󲻽⡣
һʮؾķѹΪҪһҵĲɱ˭֪еĲӾȻ붫ؾλͣסˡ
ؾΪǱʲôıɳ˴ĵԱ̽鱨
Ա鱨˶޷⣬ӵĴͣԭأеľһ˼ûУɳСѲ߲ӸճѲ񣬾ԭפء
鱨˶˼⡣
ӼȻѡ˸һĶͽעһôӦֶҲ˳µġ
񱱻ӾһԵɱӣлʽĹġͺǱһǷĶע
ɳƽĥ˰죬Ȼ˵ؽ᲻ǶǱڲ鰡
ɳƽ仰˼Ȥµɳƽ˵ȥ
ɳƽؽ˵˰ɶģǸʵ鱨óġǸӽֵļ¼ӸкܴĲͬġɱϣǸ֮ţһѺ֣ھôǷ򡣡
һУʾɳƽ˵ȥˡ
վת˺üȦ˵ɳͳļɻǴȲƱһԣ˽ǲ٣ԸûбΪĿĲһֶεĹϡ
ĺҲ۾һ˵˵ôһ˵Ҳе뷨ˡӴ˻һص㣬֮ʼ϶ɡͳ˧ǾԲеȨ·ŵָӵָԱģһеܹȫ͵ͨˡ
ɳƽһӽеûӦþģһµĽ첻ģһֶԱֵܼѲģܹڻȡȡôȫȻսԸ֡ʵ˵治ͳ˧֮ţƫƫָžôľߣȡ
ûбҪȥһԭ򣬳ϴļлӦѰսƣһԭ׺ѡ
Ȼ߾ǸܺõͻƵ㣡


723 Ʒ
еѾûٽȥıҪˣΪе鱨Ѿսȫϸճ
ӦԵķҲô·ɹѡѡ·ؾǿԽܵġ
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ѱߵķָȨȫ·Ÿɳƽĺͣйرսһˣɳƽĺٻϣʾ
ź˱ߵ£Ͼ͸ϵ˶ߵǰؾӪûټ֣ø鱨Ľϰµսϸ㱨Լ
鱨ռĽǰչ˶ߵ̬Ƶͼһڵͼָ㣬һ߸µĵ˫̬
Ϊӵ˱ڱսķɱӵ鱨ߵؾԵԤѶ߳ǷԱϰպؾȫ뵽Ƿ̵ĵطʵص
ɶһֱûвȡҵֶζԸߵؾ
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һٶǿ⣬ɶӱ߼žӵʮԶ붫ӱ߷ʮկͲˡ
һֱؾͷһ̣γ죬Ϊ伫ĵλöûеóѡ
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˵սҪأӱ߼žôʮկ˭Ҳ㲻ű󰡡
׵ľǶͳ˧·žӴʮȻɳ򲿶ǰһפʮǰزаʮľפ
ǴӱϣǼž໥Э϶˵ȥؾ߽ԴҲû׶ӵսͼ
ڵͼϰնӵıһ㣬ôҲӻʲôе㻳鱨ǲŪˡ
һ£ڵͼһһλ÷ãԼ⡣
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鱨ĽһӾɵˣ˧ȻĽͨͨкʹһȥʮҪͬԼǸûֹ˧ΰ
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ðһգӶǴǶֱʮ￪Ķӱ߼žĴӪ
ڴӪ࣬Żץһӵʿÿסʿʿм䣬ȴûʲôмֵ鱨
ʩչʿӣҪӪҵмֵ
˾ӪſڣΪʿļ֪˽ӪĿ˾Ӫ
û뵽ǣӪ濴ɿ壬ȴٴС
һѲСӿһ˽뵽ӪϺͣ½̲顣
Ҳ£Ϊƿʿļ䣬ֻҪʿļǻشͲ⡣
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СͷĿЦ٣ҿô
СͷĿһЩüͷ˵šȵȵȡ
˵ţСͷĿӻͳһʯͷĥƵһ澵ӡ
Сӣϸоһ˿Σյĸо
СͷĿѾһգ־ȵˡıòһӾھֳ
ץϸСͷĿһеӰɤӸС
󺧣û뵽ӵĲУôСһѲСӾȻ涫
ѲСӵսʿΧ˹ΧҲΪѲСӳĴжˡ
ҵĽŲ̶ľڶ֪Ǳʲôջˡ
ԲϱƽѲСӣԻָԭӣһȭ˳ȥ
ȭڿоһɼȭɨʿʱȭɨֱӱеʿһӷ졣
һӶӵʿԴԴϸϹҲսһܵѲСӳǰСӳȻСӳһɳ죬ﳤȥ
һƧĵطֱӾͷСӳļ䡣ȤľСӳŵĶȻܹʩչԼ
źСӳļжԴҲϢȣֻ֪ɷģҪע˼ٰԼ˵ӻӪ
СӳļУйڶӴоҲûһмֵļ䡣ǸʯһľӣĻصԼһפĵطоСӡ
һоɰһ澵ӿɲǱֳʯͷʣһֶƷ
ƷܹͶ䵽ڲĹǼܽṹݹǼܵĹ컹ԭ˵òʵ
ʩչֻͨ仯ļ⼡ֻòƣƷ̽ڲܼ˵ľòʾҲͲΪˡ
ĲʣĶʦַ˾׵Ĺ˼ɶ칤ƣ󷺺
ҪǶӾ˶ʦôӾп϶䱸е
⧲ĽսϣؾҪԴģ


724 궫
뵽ԣؾ߼ž죬ѶӲӿܻ벻ģеϢͨ
ͬʱҪ̽ӱķΧҲҪӱҪʵȫ鱨ϴݡ
һֵдģж򲻿ɰڵ˵ıӭУػǳǿ
˶ߵĽ죬ָɳƽͨԼķ֡Ȼڶ߷ֵģ˭Ҳұ֤ӽ˵ıӾǷ䱸ӦĶе
ǰɽԱؾֿ˵սʮأҪʵսǵٷҲѳоݵеؾȫߡ
ʵڸļСݵ㣬ؾûһŻͺ˵⡣
Ӵģǣ֮ȮҲбʲôܵĿܡ
ⶣɳƽڱ߼žʿǵʱǧҪäĿӵĲнĽӴ
رͨѶģеˡһССĶƷȴԲĸо
߳פأŶǵķư죬ڰһ򲿶ӼǸ뷨ܵʲôԸֻҪʲôƣһ򲻾ͳô
һȥǣ뷨ô˵㹻󵨺㹻ˡӵоͬǣӵķʹǽӵ˼ϣķʹǽǻۺϡ
ؾʿЩ˼顣Ϊһ˹ģĲӣûЯĹġȲ˵ڳʲôûӪĻ˵ĳǷӿܹѵ˶Ĳӵɰһ򰡡
ؾսʿѾϵĽһĿȸоֻҪµؾʿҲϧο˧Դӣ
ŲӵĿнΡĳǽؾСؾսʿǣڽʿһ˼ǰ壬һڴӵڻڻˡ
ؾʿϵǣһĲӣϹӿؾӦͷˡɶǾûгǷһһؾӾȻ˳Ŷĳţһ·ɱ˶ǡ
˶ڵϰһ֮⣬ûһķʱһЩеؾѾһװĶûˡ
ֲĸоԽԽǿˣкüΣҪ´˳˵֪һʱˣȫǰȫˣҪֵ˵ͼʲôƿҲˡ
һ˰ȫ뿪Ը̫⡣ˣֻҪ̽˵һЩսġ
¶ڶǵһµʱµؾսʿ㱨ڶϷ˶ӵĴģʮ
һüͷʱҪ¾ϵʱˡڳʱ仹üɱһؾսʿݣһǰŬȫ׷ˡ
עооĲӵĳǽϣһڴӣһо̣Ͽ𣡡
еǷݲǿңеһչӭе׼
ؾսʿո뿪һؾսʿ㱨µؽڳʮĵطͣûмǰ
ӵ鱨ԽĲˣϽؾսʿһ˶ǳǽϹ۲оĶ
յͷͼһСӵĶӲսʿѾǰǶصλãûϸ۲죬ƿ
ǵ˵ĸ߼Զ̾еĵؾսʿȫѵصҺ壬йܡ
е֣СģܹȡʲôЧأʯ߶ĵŻлԵĵԲ
ţѾ䵽˶ǵĳ
һ죬ûгֻĽѪɵľ󣬵豬ըЧȴһˡ
ըһּΪޱȵĴ͸һ˵Ķֱ˵ĴԣҲͷĿѣѡ
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һˣֲʮҪʮ֮ͣ˰ҪĶƷȸԼһֱõսȻٳʰ
˵ʲôˣϽؾսʿ״һ֮£ҲǰԾԷƷֲ̫ˣؾսʿѣγ̶ȷǳ֮ûһӵʱ䣬ͻָ
Ǹʱǵʮɱʱ
Ͻͳѣεĵҩؾսʿһι¡ĵҩǺЧĿһսʿ
ڴʱг˺ɱ
һжˣлһؾģֻǻװϰգլŻ
ѵҩ˻ָѵؾսʿǾԼսѡڿնѰҶĵˡ
ĵֻ࣬ĸСӣĸСӲûֱӹؾǰͨǵĽӵȫסˡ
Цѣƾ֣סһؾȥ⼸ɵˣĶǣ˼Ϊҵıը
ôô죿˲ЩСɵĵˣϽص˶ǳǽλá
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һҲǴһоͷУȻðĸзôСƶĳЩ棬͵Ļڣһнһ߷ڻ
ؾڴЩս֮ϣǿҵıըȼյĻ棬޷γЧɱˡ
սڻһ·ɱ֮£
ϣȵϳˣϺ󣡡
˵գӿһԾһ˶£һһȭ˴Żڵս
սǿһȭһӷ죬βˤ䵽ϡսҲ湻ƤʵģȭִӸ߿е䣬ѵһӣȴ
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ȫսֱȥϵĵâͬһͷųսһսʿĵâл׶λһָ룬һʱҲ̶á
âҲնսϵڹܣֻǲֲĽĥڹܱնϣĵâҲսϣȻû˵ս
ôҲû뵽սõϾȻ̬ز
ӾӵսʿǱ͵ıָסˡ
˭ԼȥֵܲǱξȱ첲ȵģܲô


725 ֮·
ȫˣ̨սȴǷ¡¡ĺѹ
ɲ̫ΪﻹһؾսʿҪ룬ЩؾսʿҪǿǾԲսģ
ˣҪɾ飬Ȼеؾսʿ͡
е˾ŭһ嵽һսǰ
˻ȭͷ˸Ŵ۵Ĺ⻪սһȭ
һ䷿ݴСսʱߵķһգɳ˰Զľźһˤ䵽ϡ
編ƣʣµսҲһһ˳ȥ
Ӿӵսʿһı֣һ֮糱ˮһȴԹԵأ˭Ҫǲˣ˭ɵӰ
˶ǵĳ¥ӣȭѳ¥Ӵˡ̵ĳ¥ӵµ飬ɵرѶǵĶŸסˡ
һǶӴٳҲҪһʱЩµ·ʯ
ڶൢ飬ɰĦɸԼһؾϡ
ںͱ滨ΪҪеؾӦǺ׾ͻ˵ķߡɵ˵طŷ֣һؾսʿȻԭأ˿ûǰļ
ؾѾͻΧĶչڶӽǰѹƣ滨Сӽг棬ͻЧԡ
֪⣬ϽйһУ٣﷢ʲô
Уٻ㱨ؽǰҾǰĵǺܶ࣬ǳƻһָЧԶ̸߼еǵĹӽдڵռΣ任֮أ޷һټ𡣡
˵ȴһСӳˡⲢΪؾսʿ¸ңΪͬеսʿ˵̫̫أչսˡ
սʿ˿ڣһˡ
ΪЩսʿ˿ڳһֲּ˺ѵ״
еսʿһֱֱӾûˣ˿ڴͺǱΪǿӲ˺һάɲ˿״
ʵ˿ǶԷԶ̸߼еɵģ
˵ؾսʿѾιȥսѵؾսʿ˵ǵؽԷԶ̾еʮаţǵı滨һɢ䣬Чǳ׼ܰǵֵ²С
Ͻӽָͳ˵ĵҩֹ۵ֹѪĸҩ·սʿǴԱ
ŶԷõʲôľеʱһؾսʿǳҵ˻עȥˡ
սʿһȭͷСĿ׶浹ûκε״սʿǳʹ࣬˵һ仰ôϢü
ֵǡҡһɣңҡʵڣֲסˡ
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սʿһķսʿû״࣬Ѿһţ˽
ʹܹ࣬õġ׼֪ԼѾûκεϣˣȴԼʹûУƴȫ˵ĻȴԼָϿԼ
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ԱߵУһᣬȵڶӸҳǣҳ壬ƣ
վסȵԭشţûҵ˭Ҳ׼
ס׼ų棬׼ϧһдɱһѪ·ؾʿǸһϢѾûκλϣսʿ§˻
һ۾һֵܣߺã
˵꣬΢΢һѻսʿ۶˲Ǽսʿʹѵķ
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һ֣ѼŵץУȻЩȴйشתҪ
ֲ壬Ҳо˴ϴĿֲԼΪǿҵ͸ȸС
ʹһ󣬿ס⼸ö裬ַŵԼĽָųǿʶһӰѼ͵Ϯ˵ټȫˡ
⼸˻ѵأһϾ͸λãԱؾսʿã˵Чġ
ûȰٴη䵯裬ȰӰͳ˰͵Ϯ˵ࡣ
ֵ֪ܱľеУʹôЦ
һӴľɸ
˲ŷӦԼли߼еһҧתеһӡ
ǣƥľеĵ裬ըȻûκε˺
أ˿ǳɵˣ
ٺЦţ˸߼еⶫԭôʹð
˵Ĳ׼˵ĸһ˵衣
ʮֵĿֲ˵ĶӺűը˻Ťһţϵس鴤
֪˵ڸҲղŵǸһȫˣȻûκεķܹΪĴԺֶޱ޼ʵʹһȥ
ûٹˣתʶһȫอѵʹ
˵˵СӣҪ˵ʱڵŭ
󾪣׷ٶôô죿¥ӱԼŪˣյٶȣô͹
ȵʱ˲˼һĻ˵սֱײ̵ķսǰֽһһӾͱսȻܹײһ·
ԭ
սϵһڵϰٵؾսʿҷգۼ䣬һѾʧǧˣ
ؾսʿͽ͵ں˵սȴûκεáһЩؾսʿսĶ̱е̣ͽ͡սĵˣԶ̸߼еսؾսʿһ
ˣˣ۾ðˣؾûھֲսвҰܵʱ򣬵Ե޿κεǵһγ֡
ؾսʿѸٸ˽Ӵ·׷ǶǳŷѸٳˡ
չһս˻ȥ赲ס˵˷Ľͷ
ҪûôؾսʿǿԸԷսһɵʮ֮ڽҧסʣ²һؾսʿΪЩֵȫҲֻսˡ
ȻڶǳǶķ˾춯һıը
ͷһǰĵˣϽǶۿ
ҵľٴе˾ģһƬֲıըֳУؾսʿĲ֫ϱ۵ǣԿƣʣؾսʿѾǧǧлнǧԱ
ûʱ䱯ʹûʱŭؾսʿû˵ģһһԱ⳷ˡ
嵽˶ǰˣؾսʿ·
ʵϣҪչԱĻ֧ؾѾûսˣҪƾһ֮ؾսʿɱΧ
˵ǼΪܵģؾǣȻòӹǣؾעǡ
աϰеĵˣڶܹ˲̤ըĸ߼Ʒ
һĻĻ۾ȵĻ棡


726 
Ǻ޲÷ֳãֱӰԨ۹캰һǰ·һںС
ǲܵģֻչһ棬Ȼٹһ档
Լʶȫͷųȥ̽н·ϵ״˰ѹ˼£ڶǸ˲ĸ߼еһֱ쵽⣬кüĲá
ҪûиؾӣҲᱻĲø赲סӶֻܸĵƴ
Ʒȡһоȴûʱ䡣Լǿ壬ԭʼķƽ˵Ĳá
ƶʶ̽鵽Ʒһȱֲıը˷ǿҲһըľ˸βȡ
һֱȱ˲õĺۼʧ
ʶ̽ķΧͷŵȷǰûΣղŻؾսʿнûȥ˵Ĵӣڻؾˡ
ӵĴһֱǵĶǣԼؾԶˣŷ뿪սӵĴۿؾѾͻ˶ǵĲã׷ȥҲûκε壬Ҳû׷
Щбܽ˸ؾӪȥһ˾ȻֻǧнһǧԱڳ˵;в
ؾûҲûбѹס˴һǵһΡ
˵Ϻõҩפصؾչ˺Աص˶ؾоפأټеĸ߼쿪ᡣ
ھ»ϣȶԼδһ˳ȥ̽鶫Ӵ̬شս̵ļ֡
ܻԼµһʧ
ҪǴ飬Լʵϴ̫ˣ˾Ϳ飬һ˵Ŀ̫󣬺׾ͱԷ߲׽ֻĺۼ
ţԼǰնԷһ̬óȻǣ˵ľܲøŪǱ۽
һ仰м϶ѵ׼֣
͵ڵؾδĸ߼е£һ˵Ĺģһֱ򣬸ûлֵء
˵Щʹļ׵˵ذܰЩҪսʿѪܹõģڵؾҿʼǲǽäĿֹ۵أΪôӮأ˼ǻẦ˵ģ
鱨ռĽ˵ⷽ棬ҲҪ̵ļ֡Ӳ䱸ĸ߼еǾȻһصļûв׽ǲԭµġҿؽ̽鵽ȻڴģĻս밡
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ʵϣ˲ûһһ׺ݺ㹻ǿ
Ϊһͳ˧һһصĵʧһսʧȻǲʲôġҪܹͨѪܵĽѵؾʧ
ָʾеĽȥ˧е´¼ΪؾչһҺӵ˵Ĵ硣
ھԼ˼ǰ£һϵеĸı䡣
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Ϊؾսʿֱܹ۸ܵսĲпᣬ֯Уϵľȥ˴˵ؾսʿ
ЩսʿпУٸдԼĲ£ԼˣǼֱ͸ûʲô
ºͳƣһսʴﵽ˾˵ϣ˼ͷսʿȫ˼ȵսʿȫзˡ
ֱ۸ܣصԵľӪУеĽУȫչ˴ԾΪ
ʵжϣǾǷؾµһΣҪһְѶַŵͬˮƽǱԼһˮƽϣϽԴˡ
ӲӵսֱӴûЧΪ˷ֹսͻϮؾսһٶ˼ɣɵľ޴蹵
ҪܵˣȵñȫԼ
о˴Ӷĸ߼еƷõĲϲʮġ䵯ķ幹ԼأֻȻһĸо
װÿƼ򵥣ȴÿϾ󾫣ӵһ֮󣬲ϸ涼ûӵĺۼ
Ǵʦĸ߼Ʒ
ԼˮƽȽһ£ƷʦԼ̫
װû̫ķ֣ͰעеԼɻĵϡ
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ȡƣӹϸ΢·ڲʱ򣬾ͻᰴ·ϵĺۼѣʱ軹ʽ˶켣Ի˵˿ɽһ˺
뵽Щؾʿɵ˺мʹֺޡ
ڷװһ£ĵЧ̾Ȼܹﵽɵľ룡ؾĿǰװԶ̹еûˮƽ
Խ£غ˼ԽҪáһˣԷʿͻԼߵʿͻ½
˳֮£սƾͻᷢÿƵת
뵽Ѷ߼žĽȫټһ𣬰Լȡ뷨˵ô̸̸Լ
ؾڶǵĴۣһԱʧĵ⣬Ӿµĸ߼еӱսսؾ˺ӡ
鱨ĽϷԣΪ֪֪˷ܰսؾڶԷ˶δ֪ʽĸ߼е֪֮١Ҫ˽ЩҪһʱ䡣λԼµʱ䣬һѶԷ
һλĿǰҪԶӷһϮ൱ðյġⲢ˵ؾ˶ӵЩʽĸ߼еΪؾĿǰڶӵĲǲȡȫصսԷ
£Ҫչ˵ĵطʵ̫࣬һӲȡصͻƵսֲؾķѹ̫󡣳ַһʹԵķء
ҲеĽҲǲԣһҪѶӸ˲СֻаѶӴˣӲŻ˼ɣ׸ؾƴ
ڽ۷׷ףγɵһǣǿԴ򣬵ھԵģΪһԵսսȫ߶Կðķ̫
뽫γɵʮ⣬µľǽǽǱء
սߣʼͶʤ
ȷƺðյľһ㽫죬Ӧþ߱ĸ߶ȶһͳһĿɹƷʣ


727 л
϶Ҫģʲôط֣Ҳһܿǻ۵ĵط
ڽһΪĿǰֱӹмλõĶӼžǵġΪм伯ž࣬ϱ֧Ԯм䲿λܻܿ⵽ϱĲ
ھѡϣǳһǹӵ߾ţ٣Ҷ뼯ž滹ؾ󲿷ֱǯƣ׳Ԯߡ
һǹ򶫱Ķǣطʵ̫ҪˡڶӡӣؾĽ㡣
ֻҪ¶ǣͿ԰ѶӺͱ֮ĵȫжϣսžҪġ
˸ھٴιǡ
ΪǣƶӸžıϷͩţǰʮСģɧŵˣһ¿ںˣҪչĵսһֵйͼӴҪϮΪĿĹˡ
ؾ뼯žɳİɱСӣרŵǰڣ԰ɱԷĽΪڵļžɿֻŵļ
ʮؾֱ˶ǡ
̽Ķǵˣʮ߼žȫסǣԸոٵĵط˼ӹ̣ͬʱڳ⻹޽˲ٵķ塣
ͨĹսУһȡΧǵսѵ˵ȫеЧʵʩص
ɶǵΪµս¶Եʮ⣬棬ж뼯žԮ뱱ӿڵľҲ̫Զǿӵʮ㹻֧ŵÿһԮ
ЩȡӶǵĶǿʼʵе̺ʽѹĹ
ʮؾʮΪԤӣʮڶǶʮչʱ׼е湥
չ֮ͶսľһټܴεĴͷĵ̺ʽը
ͷԵĿ꣬ǶǶķ£жǳͷӡ
һٶܵĴͷһֱ˹ȥǳķµĴͷЯĸ߱߼ƷͶ£̼䱻ǿıը졣
⣬ԲʮķΧڼֱͬһ㣬Ż͹̳
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һڻ𸲸Ǻ󣬴ͷٴɣӪյԶλʵʩл
ԽǳչؾڻԽԽңһٶܵĴͷִεĺը󣬾ͱʮܡ
ĹʱӦӪ츲沿ӿʼ¶ΪսԾݵ㣬Ȼ󲿶Ӹռȫǡ
еĸоܲãڵ沿ӵʹеԥ
ǰӪĽʾǷҪе湥ˡ
жϣͷӪ˫ش£ǵؾʵʧ󡣶ԷϾʮرĻڳһЩ籩滨ֲⲫĻؾʧҲС
Ҫľǣ˵ľûɢ
ӵ֯ķͷĻ֯ԤġԷĽȻؾ·ģҲԷȴûʵʩ䣬ؾС
һ뵽˫ϵĻƴģʴĻؾ
Ӫƽ£ԵгʵʩϵĻͷʵʩϺը˰Σûаѵ湥Ͷȥ
ԶǵĹһݱ˲ƵҩĵҺӪǰ쵽Ƕ£Ӫڻ𸲸ǷΧͿԸǵǵķΧˡ
ӪڵҪǮһһ˶ǡͷҲϣĶǶʱ뵽һƬ֮С
ȵӪϣ沿벻ˡĶѾûκεĵֿˣ沿ӱҪȥ峡Ҫǹȥڲӣһ˵ĵ沿ӽ뵽ӪǣӪսʿһСӵĲսʿʰġ
ǲһͷӽ뵽ǽ峡
һͷӽУռƸߵ㣬Զǵеطϸû⣬ͷ˰ȫźš
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Ӫܿ뵽µأԪӪǵλýڻ𸲸ǡ
ڴʱ̽ɿ촳У㱨һҪ
Ԥϣ˴սսĺ棬ĵ沿ӡ
һѾ뵽еĶʮ沿ӳǡ
沿ӵĽ컹ΪԼˣҪǵ沿ȫǵĻһʵзˣӪͻȫ˸ɵİ
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ĺеɻԽԽˣǴʲôطģ׾˶飬Ϊرǿʵ
ѵǴˣ
ͷһֱ֮ȥĺͿ񶼲һˡʲôˣΪδŬģҪȻûбҪķô;
ĺͣЩûõʲôȰǵ۹ͳһ˵ɣһЦĺϢı䶯ˣȻһЩʲô
ĺ͵ͷת˻⣬˵һصչ˱ӣѾû㹻ļϸϢˣǱ߶Թȥץĺܽᱻ͸һʱ䣬ɵֱӻᱻץߣʬ嶼
ѾǾ֮κοܻв鶼ᱻ紦ҪСģҪһ¶ԷֶθµľǶԷˣᣬֱӵġ
ʲôı˼Ҿһ֣вҵľɱϻ
һ˰ɣȥһﵽʲô˰֮˵
һδɱûгɹһʲôĻҲ
˶һۣĺͿ˵Σ֮ǱǿĴڣ˼
İɣаšǼ飬һ˵ٴζ˵֮ʧӪ֮С
ʣ֪˵ʲôˡ
һ·ϣͨϢĻܷһЩè塣ⱱһʱ֮󣬲֪ʲô񾭲ֱð˳ԲĴɱʲôΪķչ
Цҵʲô̰ҡͷ˵ʵ̫˽ˡ
ܱʲộУǶһ޶ߣֻҪƻܣͲ̫ʧʡ
õ˱ӵȷλ֮󣬱һ·ٵĿȥ
һΣһҪ³ɺһʰˡֻҪѱӸɵǶؾ˵һѹͳһǵ۹ٶҲӿࡣ

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ںϺܳʪŵɫâͨڣʱʱĻᴫҽС
Ѿˣֻˣһĸ£һǻеˡ
ĶѨܿ߹ɣмʮɣмһС͵ʯ̨ϱ߰ڷžŸˡ
ת쵤ǺѸ㵽ĶӣϷֻ˵ǳã˵Щϸ
Цϵķ˿Σ˵ϣĸһǸл
ϵһȴûж˵ʲô
ϣˣϷһ˿ǲףҪǰ벽ò£ҾֻĺʹˣһС˸źâ۾͸¶ˡ
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ñӣ߰ޱȵıӣȻԴһˣǼΪѵõġ
Ƴһ۱ӣ˵ʱȣҪ˷ѣ㿿վվ
ӴҴһ£ͷԱȥˣĸ¸ֱ˵˶Ѩڴȥˡ
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ϵ˫ͬһ㲻ϵر任ƣǼ˵徹Ȼʼڻˡ
ʱ֣֮ͣٿʯ̨֮ﻹи˵ӰӣʣµֻһĴָСĵҩɢŹѪɫ
ǰŽǵҩ˵öҩֱӽ뵽ԪӤڵΪΪݺ޵ˡ֮ûĿԣȶȹһ˵ʱϷҲ԰ĵҩ
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˾ȥˣ˶Ŀռ֮ԵЩǣϵ̫ˣȻѾ뵽˿ϱйϵ֪ϸͲˡ
׻˵ĺãı죬ϵʲô뷨ѵеû¶Ըæ
ӿûɵֵزĿǰҲûѡˣֻܹץסǰĻᣬȴľֻ·һ
Ҳ䣡ǵ۹Ļʵۣ۹ҵģ˭޷ᣡҪɱ㣡ӵɫص˻
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һ˲䣬ӺˣԼϸƭˣ̷֪ҩ˵ʹ࣬ǾԲµġ
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ӦһӾȻƾʧˣֻһɽ֮лصţʱ䲻࣬ٸɵؾɡһһֱġ
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ӵٶȼ죬ʱ֮Ѿ˰ڸһصľӪ֮С
˳ȥɵؾӵӰһֱغͬʱԼΪȫͷųԪӤڵǿѹʱ˶𺳲ѡ
ԪԪӤڣ
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ǵĻӵ¾ȻԪӤΪˣ
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ǱʷΪɹһսͬʱҲʵжôҪһս
ӵĸоãܺãһøǿģӵϸߣڵѪҺѾȼȲҪȥͷԼǿ
ӵǿս൱ؾͳһǵ۹ʱ˵ͳһǵ۹ʣµûԪӤڸĹһԱԼĹң
δһαô
ӵʵҰÿһԳ֣ڽһʱڸԷƵٶشؾߵľӣؾ߰Уؾأ
ؾûа취жôǿĸ߼е˼ԪӤڵΪǰǾһҰûжô
ʱѾĿĵأûзֱӵκټ
ŭҪóͨѶȥѯʵʱȴͨѶǳɺϵ
һ㶣ͨѶһ¸Ͳ˰Ѳ򣬿ͨѶˣǾ˵¶ˣ
ԤԽˣͨͨѶڱ˵л˵
²ˣ߳⵽شԪӤڵΪҾʧذͨѶרԱҪˣǸոսܵϢ͸㱨ˡ
ӸôңǴûз鰡
пһĿɵƬ̣ǿ˵ʲôط
Ѿ£Ҿռж˻ȥҪָԭˡͨѶרԱţڻǲġ
üͷ壬˵ˣµϢֱӸ԰ɡ
ҵͨѶֱڳгűϱӵдĳгȥ
ת˼֮һĳ϶˵ĳ֮УѾܹڱӵ۷׷ˡ
ȷ˱Ӳ֪ΪʲôԭʵԪӤڣҧгݵس˳ǣϷȥ
ܿ죬˱ӴСУĿĴ꣬ԼǵϻŵѪҺۼĺü
⵽жôĳ޲ܹɱɱ̶ֳȣ
ǰûñ㿴һľ޴ӶŵǴؾװʿ
һûסЩʿϵı飬֪ǵĲġ
սϣڵ˵ҲͰˡȴڱӵУԪӤڵĳǿնɱ
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񱩵ŭһɫǼٵϷȥֻ֪Ҫ˳սĺۼѰұȻܹҵӵڡ
;һжȼţҵľ˿ôĿģɫԽԽѿ޲ҵӡ
ѹһδҪŭĳԽԽŨһҪնɱӣΪԼķ˺ͺӣΪؾȥսʿǣ
ڣʱ֮һս
ӿϻڲҽţһؾսʿߣֹסƣʵ
۵Ҫһ˱۾ؽʱ˲ؽؽ˰Ƕ̫ˣ֪жֵܶ߰
ģһˣʲôطܸ𣿡н֣Ҳֻܹסӣ˱˵ˡ
˱صͷųתתԴһ·ָ֮Ϸ˵죡ȥӳǱȥˣǻڱ׷ɱȥ
˺ѷεţ˱ˮʣԼôϻˣ֪һʱﲻ֪жֵܱһȵʬ塣
صͷһŵҩڿն
֮Уɫ⻪˸ţǿǵصչ
ܿ㿴˱Ӿӵڣǽʮ׷ɱؾˣ
ӣڴˣ
ԶԶأҲ̲סˣ໵һɤӱǺ˳
ǿ˹ȥ·ʿ𵴵Ķᡣ
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Ŀ־ȻţҪ˵һʱܹĹ򲻿ܵġ
ڼĽɫţӺȻЦһӦԼɲǵǸСˡ
ӵԪӤڵǿʵԸһǴ´ࣿ
ڱӵʶ֮УҪСһЩ츳ôˣҲǸԪӤڳڵʵȲԪӤڵǿڡ
һΣֵҪˣնѪɫ⻪ѣǿϢýµʿǲȥ
ؽˣ
ؽˣ
׷ޱȵؾʿڲˣΪؽˣ
ӾǱҲʱֹͣ˶ؾ׷ɱʵ̫ǿǽսȻдΧӰ졣ʱ򱻲Ȼܲ㡣
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һſЦ벻㾹ȻԴڱǰװʲôߣʱѹҺˬǰɣȻɱӣ
ܿϧܵˣҪȻѾ͸ˡ˵Щȥ˵飬ûʲôȤ
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ͷͽţ˫һɣ˵ãܺãȻҾͲˣɣ
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䣡
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ɱҰɱҰ㲻Ǻǿӳָģ˵ˡ


734 Ѫս
ɫƽ˫Ϭضűӣޱȵ˵뵽ԪӤڣ޵𣿡
⸱飬õõʵ֮ıӿ겻ѡ
Ϊʲôﶼôţôа𣿡ϹѾʼˡֱʵ̫ϤˣϤʳѰ
أһЦ¶Ľƺ˸ŽɫĹ⻪
ӵɫ˲Ѫɫܺۼ¶ϵϢҲڼٵ֮С
аЦվǲһ㰡ô仰ͱûԣȻǳɲʲôµġ
໡
Ӹؿţͬɽһ񱩵ر˳ǵסѪɫĻֱȥҲż
ⱱӵʵȷԪӤڲ٣ϧõҩõʵûо׽ٵĿ飬Ĳһ㣬ҲǸͨԪӤڳڵˮ׼ɡ뵽ҪڱӵϵõϢֻҪõҪϢⱱӵüֵͻûˡ
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һѪɫƥضȥǼƿһѪŭ
۽΢΢һ飬ⱱӵĹʮְԵ⵹ǱеĻҪǿһЩ
˼Ҿһذɡͷǰһ죬ֱӽǳѪɫƥסˡ
ҲԾ֪ǿֻһֱûлӲӲĴ˻ᣬȻҪĳȫû
Ѫȿ񳱣ŭӵͺһͬһת
ķؼ䶼ɢѪɫϢռˣǵصѪ쿴ʮˡ
űӵıѪɫƥֱ౶ͬһɽѹ˹
ţ⹦Ͳеģ㱳˲˰ţűӵ˫ԽԽˣѾ˾һΣԲŹӵġ
Ӿһֻнˣܹǵ۹һɾա
˵ȻСȻӸˡһһ٣Цڣ֪ôҲûôˣѪζɡ
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ʶɢϵ̽Щܿ죬㷢һЩè塣ЩƲǴһЩѪҺ
ӣôͲܵͷ𣿡ɫ˲һ˫ͬĵӣػӵӡ
ڵʱȴ˸ʹ㣬ⲻǷ˭϶ǲ̵ġͬģһǱȼ˵ըҩͰһ˲䱬ˡ
ֻҪܹɱ㣬ʲôԸ⣡һÿ˵ֵʱ򣬶ҧгݡ
䡭
һȭһȭĺ˹Ҳûʲôֵֻ򵥵ȭ
ˣҲûһСӵ˼ԪӤΪôѪɫȴǸҪĶ
ѪɫдһӼΪԹԼĸʴֻҪͻܴӰ졣Һ㹻ǿᣬҪǻͬȼߣѾ˱ӵĵˡ
˱ӵͼȴǲżƣֻһߵֵűӵĹһϸ̽顣
ܿ죬ӿźƽȫİѰˣնѪɫӳĵͨ죬˵ĺܡ
ٺ٣ѾҵѪˣӵһЦһ˫ϸ۾кâ䣬˵ǹĪ⡣
ȻĺܣĬĬѪ֮еȴţҪȴűӵı
ӵʵĹ죬Ҳ췭ظı仯Ҫ˵ıûʲô˵İ򲻻ŵġ
Ѫ񳱣ɣ⣬ѪƷζӼˣΪסչҪһؽɵ
ֻҪɵǺôʵ̫ˣпܾʹ˰ؾ㶨ˡ
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Ѫ֮дѪڿٵţѪɫŨԽԽˡ
оһɹɭҪ꣬ǰԴ뵽Ƥµȣ޲ýе嶼
Ѫɫɭţûв´ĻӦˣ˫۱Ѿȷ˸豱֧Ԯ˵˭ˡ
ѪɫѾһˣһһ˵ӣǲǾóԶ
ٺ٣бóɣҪˣƤˡ޿֣õʱѾ飬ǿ󼸺ױȵġ
һѾ޷ôˡ
ĬĬصͷоˣһ˫յͺһ㶯
ֻٵĻӶţһĵâֱǰѪɫȥ
һ֮ǰ˵ֻҪǱѪˣʵ޷ӳıֻñӳԾˣ̫˰
ߣСӿ϶װģԣһǹƶˣȻǷֶԸҵѪôһƭҡֻҪһţѰǿ϶ܹΪġаƽţҲԼ뷨
ˣ˵ˣܹɱҾһɱģϵѪɫٴŨ˫ֱضЩ
ڵصӵӲţɢ΢
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ʱ̫ˣʵ֮ûо㹻ȶҪǿнնɱֻ뵽Σ֮аΪˣʶ㣬Ͳ˱仯ص㣬һ㡣
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Ч
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̲סذЦⱱʵ̫ԼˣȻܣ󲿷ֵľԼϱߡ
ãȻôԼҲһ²ǣ˫һоȻǰһӣǰҪǰѪɫȻΧ
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оٴαһɫ⻪Ȼڿն𣬻һ޵¡һ±ն

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һֱʵұҪ䲻ؽֱնɱˣԽӣԽǲӲûȫԼʵȴǴһսҪľͻȻֻҪͻȻɵǾһˡ
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˲ͣٿѪɫϵķţͿѪɫ
һף
ѪɫѪγɵģѪѪɫɵġһû⣬ʵܴ顣
Ѫɫ³ѪɫڽѪɫʵҪûʲôıҲŵġ
ҲżҪʲôУ
νո˵һΪأȻǲẦ¡
ȻĿǰĹ뱱ţӷһŭ𣬿Ѫɫһ͹һĳ
ѪɫƺһˣϵţŭţŤǸվܲͨĵâ
˽ԼĪаʱƺ˳ͣ㴭һʱѪɫ΢΢һ١
ȻǼݵͣ٣ڸֶԿĹУȴơ
ãһ׼ȷץסһ㣬һоǣâ
ˡ
Ϊ֮صĵ
꣡
һ㽫Ѫɫͷ­ݺݵؿǰޱȵһ˵ࡣ
ʵ̫ǿˣӶ̲סظп
ϧӵȴľᣡ
ĵͣڿѪɫͷ­ʱѾתˡ
ʱһѪɫĺӰıȻ֣żٵķֱĺ󱳶ȥ
һϵβͣ
۾һɣǵĸˣȻһֱ׼ŸȥӦԱӵıû뵽ӻܹٿر˵β
أ
һ촫ûа취ܵ˲䣬βݺݵҵı
ͬߵķһǰȥǰǵȴѾͷ
ſǼͣͷٱһڽҧˡ
ˣӵսթȷͷһͱӣһֱûнӷͬȵĵλϣΪ˫ǴӼıǴʵ϶һС
ڣʵʵڵһòµӱӣŵͬȵĵλˡ
ȥɣҪˣţ۾Ҫɳˣ˼ҹĳ氡
ҪѪɫͷɵˡ
ľǰӲţͲһ˿һĻᡣ
Σ
ʱȴ侲ԼĴ
ðɣȻˣҾսپˣ˵Ϣڲͬˡ
ӱܵؾòֲ֪ʲôֻܹƴĲѪɫнɱ
ɣܣһп񱩵غ
ܣ
УѾܳʱ䶼ûʹˡ
ֿճȻž
ƱȭһɫȻסȭͷһѵǿѹ
ӵĺüһɾ˵Σոо˳
㳢ȭͷζɣȵȭӳ
ˡ
꣡꣡ꡭ
ΧѪɫȭͷûʱԶɢˡ
Ӵʧɫûĳжôǿ
ȭͬ⵶Ƥһ㼱ǰţ;κ赲ˡ
ӳ׵ɵˣǵؽΧѪɫٿػ³һھѪǰγһѪ뽫Χ
ɱһȭͷѾ˱ӵ
ܣʹõܺ٣һǱ˷ѣ⣬߲ڰ۾Լʵ
ţؾۼΧ֪ԼҪһһˡ
˫֮ľֻʣʮˣֻҪһգ۵ʱ䣬ܹӵ
ɾʱһѪɫƥճֱǰȥλǡÿб֮ǰ
ʶܵǹƥ̺֮Ҵ⣬ֻ΢ٶȡ
ǰı¶ϲɫ֪ԼҪһˣ
ܵ𣿡һȭͷȻջأٴλӳһȭӡݺݵӡ˱ӵ֮ϡ
һȥ
ʱҲֻܹͣˣԼҲˡ
ˢһӣһѪɫӰ˱ӵԣһץסͿ񱼶ȥ
ǺڣͳҪ׷ʱӰ뱱Ѿʧˡ
һһϢʧĵطκֹ磡Ȼ磡
ѵ֮ѾǰԨǱûжǾ˵Ӧֱӽǵ۹ˣߣǾȻҪô޵ҧгݣһ˵ʵǿ󣬶˵ʵҲǸĴڡ
ԽԽˣʱ䣬Ԩ۹Ǳߵ֮˽ٵʱ仹Ѿˡ
˵ʲôʱ䲻ˣ㻹µʱͲˡ
£ֻˣҪھȫͳһǵ۹˶뵽Ķ֮
٣һҪˣҧҧݣĿ⿴˽µһƬء
ʣµͼ򵥶ˣ΢һ֮󣬱ֱӻȥǣҪȥ²ǵ۹ͳһơ
߶ӣ߱ӣҪҵһʵķ߽Ŷ


736 
ȥ֮죬ȫǿᡣ
һ棬ҪµϢһ棬Ҫս飬ƶķ
ΪǿƳ˱ӣԱǱȡµĽչؾ˵мĺôڶʱھ͹ռأ㲻ûһ
Ǳȴǲһˣ뿪ǰһȻڳؼƣؾһʱ仹ûʲôð취֡
ǿнйԱģװĶ޷ܵġ
ؾԲȡԴѡȡӵڵһЩĿ꣬˴ǵĸһɵ
ԶԵγ㹻壬ȻùĵսֻҪͶԱ⽫İ취Ӧܹ¶ӡ
΢˼Ƭ̣뷨ǱȽϿеġЩôƣָھֲսǺ֣ҪȫδؾѵֶΡ
ӺͱӴӱˣλѵȻΪԼɥĲ񣬵ӻûеԵĵزϽڵϰտǺܿ࣬һߵ
ȻǱҪեеϰԼҪ
ѡԵĴҲһҪڱ֣ܹͬ嶫Ӽµá
ֻҪڱǱ߽㹻ĻԴ߱Ѿľʿͻӵ䡣ȥֻӪһѹ̬ƣȴϸЧ
һˣΪ˱ʲô鶼ܸɵóⲿʱûвڲ˾ͻԼδˡ
ݣǴڲġ
ԣҪʱԶʵиѹ̬ƣͱˣǲȥ
ߵĽ콫ϱžλǰѹͬʱСž֮ķ϶սԲöӲҷһսۡžҪɳСɵװԶӵĸĿϮţƣӡ
ؾĿǰʵʰӺͱѾ⡣ؼؾսͬʱں󷽵ʹӦѹʵ̫ˡдʹʹͷʵֶʱ䣬Ҫ˰ɣҪʱɣ
ߺͱؾž˵Ӵģټͬʱսľе󷽵ĲӦǰеȫҹͣҲǳܲġ
⻹ʶһط㣬ڸ߼еǿҪʱƵģӴ󲿶һģ͹»Ѫġ
Ҫʱ̫ˣڣҪͳһǵ۹
һƣʰΨһѡ
Ϊʰ˶ӣӾû˸ؾͻκοˡӿɲ񶫻־Ƚϱһǳԣֶļһ
ܸؾͻӸ㲻ûʰвؾλսɾͷǳ鷳ˡ
¶ģʰӣ
ֻҪѱӴˣ䣬ǰ£ӽʰӻ׺ܶࡣ
źöߵսԲ֣Ϸ˱ߵؾžܲûаչٿ߼Ļ飬ֱҪԱӵĵ̽дģķˡ
ĺʹʮؾפһأһصפع֮࣬Ҫɽ֯ʱصԼסĳнؽ
֯ЭǷǳģҲָĺʮؾΪЭĺչ
ɳƽͳʮ򣬳һ֮϶򶫱;ոУոĳؾפأȺĺǨ˿ڣͬؽС
Լͳʮ򣬳һɳƽһ;ոУפЭеؽ
ؾҪϣȫѪڣͲöԱؾžҪӾӹУҪؼңæϵ׼ˡ
Щ͹ػؼĿˣؾûʰãѾʰˣ׷ӵһǰȵѹҪ׳ۣ
һȵЩʧصĵزĺ͸Ͻά򣬸ǲҪżҪȵؾϴ³֮ܰȫصذϵؾû취ȥˡ
죬ĺͲŰɢɳƽĴŵԳһأռȶսԽо
ɳƽŶֻֽڵһǳܵ΢ĵֿؾĺǰ͸Թһǳء
ɳƽû뵽ǣϵоֻиϵĵһǳԵĵֿ˴нʱ֮ȥǿգһֱͦ
Ըв֪ͨɳƽͣоɳȥ̽һµʲô
㱨ɵüͷ
ԭǰΧڣеĳǳȫǿճˣҲ˵һصӸķΧڣȫսԷˣ
ò˵ӵսԷǺЧġ
ɳƽܹؾǰʮÿһУҪľפأҪһֱƽλãɳƽʣµı¾ֻʮˡ
Ȼս𣬵Աӵʱ򣬱ϾǱһ롣
ӵĳǡǡǰѷɢı˳ӾܹͨսԷñϵơ
˰죬Ҫϣ
͸ɳƽϵһ£˵ǰԤƻϣسҲ򲿶פءнλõʱһҪرСģעⱱӾӵĶ̬
ĲͦߵĲԽԽˣرǰֱӾӵʱ߾ֻʮؾؾˡ
Ӱٴεó̽ǰϸ
Ϣܿ촫ǰһǱһľӪĳСĪƳǡ
ĪƳһ͵ĳУʮפģĪƳǸؾǰĳвкܴͬĪƳɽˮ滷ɽһһӷסĪƳΨһƽ̹ƽ̹ӵͨ·
ĪƳ⣬вٵķݵ㻷ۣĪƳѾѲߵķΧĪƳʮķΧ
˽ĴſһĪƳǵĲͼ
ĪƳǵķãоĪƳһѿеĹͷ˵ֻʮıʮĲԭⲻ¶ĪƳҲγЧĺΧ̬ơ
ĪƳǷǲ󣬹ؼĪƳǸΧɽЧΪһ壬ʵϼӵذĪƳ׳ࡣĪƳǵĹģҲǴͳƫµȵĹģΧȻǾ൱ڳˡ
ĪƳפʮֻǱ֣ΣֿҪİ
ǰĪƳΪؾĵһվˡüͷһǾȥĪƳǿһ¡
ʮ߾裬ԭشԼĪƳǵķ˹ȥ
ԶԶȥĪƳɽˮлһζĪƳǰһԼʮɵӿĪƳǺƽ֮ϵ
ĪƳǵĳǷһ㣬ĪƳǵĳǽһֱ޽ıԵҪƽط򹥻ĪƳǣֻǿӿĺ
֮ϲûţֻһɿڹɺ֮ãطʲôµġֻҪ΢һ£ܹȵ۱
۲һ£ĪƳܱɽĵطȥ
ɽԶһ˾ͷ˵˵ѲСӡ


737 ֵսʿ
ĬĬع۲һʱ䣬ĪƳؾɽѲС٣ζĪƳǰɽǰ͵ɷҪص㡣
Ŀת˽ĪƳǵĴɽĪƳǵĴɽǷǳվҲߣӰȴһ׷ԽĴڡ
ﲼرӣɽҲɽһǿرǿȡ
Ҳ֮ˣôΧפزӣ˵Ļͼ˲еɽƣҪǶˣĪƳֻʮˣڻǵɽϣĪƳﻹʣ¶ٲأ
ߵĳʵ֪ɽô
һ˵ؽɽץ˼ͷǵʳһЩ鱨ɽЩаţȥٵֶûѶ֯׼úõ˽һɽϵⲻô
ٴΰĿתɽϣɽǲ쳣صĵطֵܹġؾĳǾϸѵģɽؾֶΣһСʧֻҲӦʧôĳ
Ƭ̣ɽȥ
ɽµѲСȻ٣ѲӺܴķΧѲ߶֮ļ϶㹻ʱӿ϶дɽ
ţ͸оЩˣΪôߣܹܿĳеľ㣬ƹҪĳǶȺ;ƹ
ⲻ󷨣ȴŸĳЩԻһ֮
͵أ壡ΧһԹԹƼΪźж·ʵֻһ·ܹͨġ
ĪƳɽϣžǲȡԹһ·ƣҪɽֻһضķߣԷֻҪסضĽڵ㣬ܿɽ
ڻͷܹɽɽԹ·ɲԹһܻͷһҪĿľҪˡ
΢һ£ɽ˽ɽǲóȻġҪֻܴӺķǿĪƳǵ̫ˡ
ȻЩڵ޿ɱ⣬γһݵ㣬ܴӾݵ˵ĿУ֪һЩɽʿ֪
뷨ӽһݵ㣬Ȼȥʱȴ־ݵһˡ
ϸ֮£ȵطɲʱûˣǺܳʱûˡ
о֣óھݵΧϸѲ飬ûʲô֡
һһԼз֣Źȥһǰ龰Ҳŭա
ھݵһƫѷźüߵʬ壬ЩʬȫѪܵ˺ۣĿȫǣ״ҿֲ
ȻĿʬϲӵķװϣԶ϶Щؾǰɽϵĳ
ҪЩؾʬ壬Ȼʶ̽ֳٵӰһɢصƣصĵطΧ
ա
һֵĽŲӾݵŵλôԶ϶߲˵֡
ܿ죬Ӿݵŵλ߽ʮˣЩװʮֶǴսʿķװÿ˵װõģǴʹûһ
Щ˵沿ʮֽӲ˫۾Ѫɫֿ񱩵ζСоֵľЩ˵·ЭԺܲ巢һֲЩ·ôŤ
ЩսʿһݵĴţĸھݵſʣµʮʼԾݵڵеط
ˣŪþһ塣Ҫезɽڼ˵£϶ǻᵽݵ飬Էõ˴ϢͿԹŰѾݵڵĴ߸סǸɵ
ЩôõϢأ󷨣лмңݵĻûƵĻذ
ȻЩսʿȫ⶯˵λùˡ
ԭЩ˿ֲûзʲôأ˼ѹͲûء
۾תڲһĨĶ
ܿ죬һսʿӽߵĳ͵شصλӶĶ̵
̵һߣսʿĲϺݺݸһ
ؾսľľһܹһʹԷκεֽսǳʺϳµĹʡ
ճһǸսʿӦϻһ̱ڵأûκϢȥ
Ȼⷢˣսʿ˿ڲû罦ʺѪ΢΢һ㽬һ㽴ɫճ
սʿֱһӣ۹ŷһɨ˹ȥ
һʧһȻʧȥЧ
һæгˣȴǸƲӵսʿۻӶٶ죬ʯ͵˳ǰ
ֻ²˺ѵսʿһץһ²˺·ӳѪۡ
;˿ڴָоԼҲ˲оƮҲЩˡ
ежСģ
״󾪣ϴӰ˳̵սʿز˹ȥ
⣬жôѸݵսʿȻûܣ̵ͱսʿϣֱû
սʿ˫ǰ죬ȭϣӦʱ䶼ûУͱսʿС
ʱߵķһײǽϣȻˤڵء
һȺսʿȫȻЩֱٶȴǾ˵ģһ˵ߡ

һŭα˫ȭһսʿ˳ȥ
ǰɰɡ
ͨͨ
һѵ֮󣬾һ죬ʮսʿɳԶ䵽˵ϡ
Ǻޱ˴ȣѰҪǱУĹϣеļⶼһţް
Щսʿ϶Ȼɢһ̹⣬ǰɰɹλ죬Щսʿһʱվˡ
󺧣治֪ЩսʿΪʲôѲ
ĵսʿץһѵĳģ֮²ŷ֣еĶǳԵת˲Ѿˡ
ϽһſԽֶԵĵҩȻѪסʱΣա
սʿеĳعǶѣڸȻҲܵ˺û뵽ؾսĳ򣬾ȻǸսʿǰһоɥʧս
˵ǲѴǵĵҩ˲ָܻιǵ֮ԴϢһ£ܹˡ
չǸĳȻʮսʿ
ǻսʿޱĽΧֱ˫ۣץ˹
Ȼ쵽һ⣬Щսʿô᲻ñأ
ȿЩսʿֱֱۣȻԭЩսʿֱ޷Ͳʹñ


738 
ЩսʿĻˡĳЩЩսʿкܴͬ
ӴߵĲ໹Ǻܴġ
ĲͬڻǳͷβĿܣЩսʿͨԿһڻ˵ǵġ˿ǱԼ߹ʶЩսʿеܹ˼ĺۼ
ߵĲϵĲ죬˱ļҪЩսʿҪãܹʹñսϣ˸͸Щսʿ˺üȣٶȣ˵֮ҲΪ
ľЩսʿ޸ֱеߵȼߵ˼ˡ㲻׵ľǣЩûлûʶսʿôаѶѵĹмܹô̵ʱ޸
䣬ЩսʿѾ˵ǰȭߣЩսʿԶЩսʿɢָֻ̹֮ٴƹ
ЩˣӽָгЩսʿչԵĹÿսʿĹλǲͬġ
еսʿѡ˿ͷеսʿѡ˴ģеնϣеǿֽţҪЩսʿͬĲλʲôķӦ
Ӧ֮ңϡ
ЩֶϽŵսʿ䷢˳Ƶ˻ٶȼһ˹زֹȫſҪҧ
ЩͷսʿҲû̵£ҡҡλܷ񹥻ֹǺĿģΧеһУЩսʿҲܵͷսʿĹ
ҲͻȻķһȻЩսʿԼϣЩһ˿ʳĽɫĶȴޱȣɲԼմЩ
ˢˢˢ
ѾһŵӰȽսʿܲ͸ĵӰƬƬѪ⡣һ߾ʣһѶѵĽɫĸˡ
Щ⣬˼̱ǵζòסԼıӡ
ݵſڵĸսʿҲΧ˹Щսʿ׺£ԼǲⶫһսʿǴģؾҪϣǻԵڻ𣬿¸ı滨Ƕû̫õЧ
ӽָͳ˼Ϊ͵ԼٵΧĸսʿתһȦĸսʿס˽ָС
ǸжʮأɽѾʵˡ
Ҫɽ³ʱ򣬸ȻһڵžУҵĽŲ׵ڶ
жĳɽ¸ϣԼӭеĵط˹ȥ
ɽķ򣬳һǧ˴ӣЩɶľӣҲˣЩ˵ĵ»
ɽ·խǧ˵ĶҲչΣ˰˼һһͳˡ
˫ȭȭ·һ·ǧ˴ӵУͷĿǰУû뵽Ȼܹô͵ˣ΢һ£ͱһȭ衣
٣ϻɽ¡
һǧӵʿ׺ĸ׷ϣʵ׷ҲûãΪգۼͲӰ
ž٣׷ɽڻص˴ӪС
жĳֽһⶾȷûΣգ⼸ȥˡ϶Էľٽ
ٵҲʶ࣬Լ֪
Щֵսʿһʱġڽյʱ򣬾˰սʿǡھô£Ҳ֪
ĪƳǵɽʵҲһʱĵġԭķϵģɽ޽ļٸ÷ݵɵġ
޽ķϵǷ䵽ɽġϵͳ޽˴ͷβָ㡣
޽ķϵֻʮ·ֱɽϣÿһ·һݵ㣬ݵΧɢǡ
ǷǳȹӻҪܹᵽԲʮﷶΧڵϢһᵽϢЩǾͻ̵İ˸ɵ
ƺǵĿƣĪƳǱߵɽ͸ˣԭɽλõʿҲȫɽϣͿԼоʵоӸµķˡ
Щ֣ʵȻɽϣΪʲôҸɵǵʱ
ٴΪھݵΧӰʯԵʣɽǿԹ۲쵽ݵġݵ㷢ʣҪǲȥӰ²
ͷϿ˵˵йǵ⣬ٶ䷢˵Լʵڲ֪ˡ
˵ӦҲģ֪ĴھԻܵ飬ȻӴܵļ
˰ѺȥҪӽָóǽоʱ򣬴Ȼ˵Ӫʮ⣬ľڿԼʮˡ
Ĺĵ£ǻѡӭеģԵ˼άӭе
Ȼ뵽ǣߵӲȥ
ôԼеķ
енңʮĵоǰȻǣǱ󣬲Ǳӵ
ҿûòӭУȻЩϣʮؾ治֪ʲôĺ
ǧ滨ֶϺеؾʿϳ˳һͳ´
ûмΪһѪս˭뾹Ȼǳ˵һһ
Ǿ˵ְϽ򲿶Ӵ˳˵
ͨͨѶɳƽɳƽ̴ѸٺһԼʮؾϵһɳƽЩ⣬Ϊʲôȴִ֪
ڴʱзսƺᵽʲôϾͰĿתؾפߡȻЩһ˷ؾפӪկͳ˹
ǵıٶȼ죬ƽϾһ̳ʱؾƲŸոտʼˣٶȣؾǱȲǵġ
ѾûбѡˣҲֻеֵһǵѸͷΪؾĳӮñʱ䡣
ǧı滨ѾϵǰǧһչкöΡ
Щؾսʿû뵽ǣսʿкöΣϾҪЯĵҩͳͳ⣡
е㲻ˣҪ֪ı滨ĵǳ󣬶ҵҲһ£ǵʹøĵ裬򲻵ѵ˭ʹá
һأ˻ôԶҪǲƴ۰еҩ⣬ǲеˣ

ؾսʿôʣҲǺԥִ
ա
ǧ˹ģı滨ɢ䣬ֱȥһһܲ͸һ䵹˵˵ϡ


739 о
вĵб˺Ƭкֻܶһֱ˸
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ȵķ֣ճѪҺУ˴ѪҺ


740 
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ǵѪҺУĳɷ־Ȼֻɣ
ռһѪҺɷֵģȻһֽǵѪҺ
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һ£ԼǣҲôѵǵߣȻܹ޵һЩֲ˵ϣ
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˻ʲô壬Ȼ趨ģʽӦĶԺͲɸıʣ漰κ⣡
һ£Ϊ˴ﵽһЧ˼κεĹѱֵĹһô־ͻң˭Ҳұֻ֤пɿԣҪǸԼӺķʽ
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֯ҪǲֵСģǿΧʲôͬġеĲʺͽṹΧĴƤ֯ûʲôΨһͬľǱĵطͷطֻͷ
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ʵãṹĸӣйܵǿ󣬳֮ΪƷ۷֮ҲΪ
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һǵܵ˲޸˺ͻᴥģʽƷԵĸӲ£ƶ


741 ͨ
ȻȵƷ֧ϵ
֧ϵɼɼߵȼʯɵģı̬ṩѹǵĹԶĳȥҪ֪ǵĹ൱ķġ
ʱѾȫǵԭ
ǾڻǿֲװãװðѻԭļȫֻһЩԭʼķӦƣܹһЩ̼ӦķӦȻٹӦѪҺƷǵ巢仯
ǵͻм书ܵѪҺ䷽չﵽǳΪɱת䡣
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ʶ˳һҲûΪԼ˽еܶˣ෴ģ˱ͷŭĸо
ǵǷǳ̵ģΪ˱֤ѪҺ̣ǵʱ򣬱ڻ˵״̬°ѶƷֲ˵Ժеġ
̾ԲĶŵģǳѪȱģңΪôǣҪ޵ġ
̵ľǣһʧأû˷ָӵĿЩǾͻɱ¾һм
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ǵоֱͿԱΪ캦ٲ
һǻŭ𣬰ɳƽ֪ͨԶһصĺ͸Ͽ顣
ĺ͹ǵ˵ĺͺɳƽǵĲ̣ĺͺɳƽļ²ѡ
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óƷһЩĶܹٵͬʱҲܹսʿķ״⡣
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ЩٵƷ˱ؾǰءɳƽͰԼҪԸǺĪƳǵ뷨˵˳
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ھĪƳʮλòһԹĳֻҪУ󷨣ͻγ۵ļҪǲ󷨵ľϣߵҲ߳
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ΪǾ󲿷ֶӾӵķΰϷսʿв׼̸йǵ飬Ⲣʿǲ˽顣
Ļ˵ص㵽ЩʿĿϡ
ҲΪЩȥսʿƵģҿԸεĸǣ뷨ǴģЩʹûƵģ
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Цʵʵмͨҥȡʤʲô֣ɸͨһս
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ҪǲӦսųµʿ˵Ǽʿġ
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뵽Ǿŵĺη̬廹иֵļܣëһ˵ã͸һֻɱ;ǱӴܡ
Цë컹͸˵ʵˣؾձؽĪƳǣ
ë߷߿һۣʼǲ
ĪƳٽˮӵĴŴ򿪣ˮϣһŴˮð˳ĪƳǷӵ
ͨ˸ţվˮӵĶ԰ѸվöΣצԶؾʾ
ڰдԵһ£ִĪƳгǾǰңܻĽ˵ĪƳʮǣǻᱻأ


742 Ǿ
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һװ˼ƷؾսʿϴӶбܳǾŵķϣڳߵĶзǰ߷õȫڣ߷ʹõı滨
ëԴ˲мһˣһҲ֪ʲôָǾҽųؾ
ڰнŵע˫ľ룬ȻϺȵ𣡡
ǰؾսʿõڣϷڵһſڵһǾųǰǵߡ
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һſڵҵը죬ڵըǿܹѣεЧЩûõġ
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ڵΨһܹγвľǿҵıըܹ˺һЩǵ壬Ӷ˲ǡ
ڴȴǲܹȫ赲ǵķڵĸ֮£ľŻĸʧȥսǾŲһкֶܶϽŵǣЩðȻܹǰ壡
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գۼ䣬һִε֮Уǧǻҷ𡣵ЩʧܶܵģĿǰƽٶȣʧһ»ӿؾǰ
ֻҪ˽սľ룬ؾֻеķˡ
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һΪʲôĺð취أǻƴս޲ʤʷҪĪƳսˣ
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Ȼ䣬ڴȫ뵽滨ӵñ滨Ǿš
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еǾŵĸ壬һ뵽˷״̬УٶȶȻһս˻ؾ˹ȥ
ڰд
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жѸ٣죬ҪػݻǺܲʵģܿػһЩǾͻ״ɢֻҪһɢҪɵЩǾǷǳѵ顣
ȡ޵ķʹ׷Լؾսʿñ滨ܵ˺ЩǵĿ񱩣׷Լĳˣװ˼ƷؾÿǵԤĵص㡣
׼õĵطԹһĴ
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סԹһĴΧֳӪ
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ˮϵĸһӾͳ䵽˺ӵףķϣؾʱûʲôΪˡ
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߾ڷݵ޵һķõ˵Сɲڰɽľݵ㡣˵ĴϲСӾֻһɵǵ͵սıһľ
ǲҪϢģԺжƷṩػݵһ򵱹أĪζ
û뵽ķץ˲Լұ
СӳԱõڶнɻķѻĸ߽е־еȻûб滨ܹγɵһľȸߣЧָĿкܸߵȶԡ
ɽŵɽۣһݵ㣬ÿݵ㶼мʮϰٲȵǡҪЩʹþѻؾսʿжͻᱻǰ֣ﲻҪĽ»Щؾսʿȥ
ʹͬˡ
ͷǿʶǵΧⷢǣٸؾսʿָؾսʿͿһ
ֻһһӸɵطǾֲǸƷֻҪһطͿԸɵǡ
ɽҲû뵽ּЧֶθɵ;ǡ
Ҫӽɽʱɽµһжӷɽ
жһı滨СӺһСϵϹСӡ
ɽפǱӵ沿ӣСȥǽɽϵ沿ӣӶռɽλá


743 ѲСǱ
ĪƳǻɽϵķҲ˺ܴĹġÿһɽⶼɷԲɵĿյأڿյ֮ϽһС͵ĳǱ͵
ͨɽһ·޵ļΪվ¶ȶҿҲխֻܹʮҲͨ
·ǲʯ̾͵̨ףΧΪ޼ɽ©ֱֱµӣͲ̨ܴԱϵɽ
Ҫ嵽ɽϣֻܴٽ׵̨ǿй档
ɽϵСǱ쳣̵ĲϹɵģǻȻһ壬ûػĹͲܻ
СӺܿ͵ߣСӳΧĻ˵ؽϰɡ
ɽķɵüͷ
ķã治֪ʲôķãŹһ£˽һ¶Էķ·ҲǿԵġ
뵽˵ǽһ𹥣ע˵ĻһҪעԼİȫ
滨СӵСӳͷӦһ֣滨СϹɢݶӣ̨ס
СӵСӳҲûţԼСӣ÷λںöΣ׼лڻ
滨СӵСӳսȭͷӶλã֪ͨڻսԼѾ׼ˡ
ţǰͬ鷢źţССӳ´
ˡ
һڵɽСǱ̨ǰĿյϱըЩڵȻûжԵ˽ЧɱˣĿǿȴǿСǱĵ˴ڶݵĿ״̬
Ϊ滨СӮѵʱ䣬СӳĴ¶ٱ滨Աٱ̨ܹףɢϣܹɽҵʵ塣
ɽϳ˹ͺͺʯΡСǱ滨СӸûвĵط
һֵܻڻĸҳ尡СӳսʶĵηǳֻСǱСǱԶ̾еǣܹȫ
һ滨ʮһֳӣڳСѸСǱ£ĹУʮ˵ı滨С϶СǱʵʩ˲ϵΪСʵʩڻ
СǱĳǽ֮ϣһĶƣЩƳϵļ̣滨СӵĵȥȻһſű
ڶƵļ϶Уһ߼еĶͷ¶˳
УȻоĸо
ãսʿΣգ
ʱȵˣˣ
볷ͬʱģСǱͻͻͻ˲һſ˸Źĵ裬ɢڳСӵߡ
һ£ڵϵĵһӱѳһŻ棬һŵĻһƬ𺣣СӵؾսʿһϳһĻˡ
ؾսʿһ˲ŵĲҽ˼£㵹˻еС
ŭĿԲһ˰գһ壬ӽСǱǽͷ
ȻоԼΪʵڼµٿطоЩĸо
ָоʶʱ򣬸ǷǳƵġ
ǿסΣ嵽СǱĳǽ£һȭСǱĳǽϣһֻѳǱǽ΢΢һ£ûһܰѳǽ
ܹѹΪϣ
û뵽ĪƳǱϵĻɽݵϣȻҲֲϣ
ͻͻͻ
ǽϽΧ˻浯ʱΧȼһƬ𺣡ҪϿУԼΪѹƵúҲ̫ķԼԼǿ壬ǿд˻𺣡
СǱ֮Թ£첽ܵ˸ڻı滨ʣʮϽˡ
ڻ£ʮ滨ֲŰȫسСǱĹΧ
СǱ̳󣬶ԸҲֻػˡ
ӪһʱǵҲûλù䡣СӵĻͲУһҧҲֻóˡ
ߵؾսʿҪԼ̨֮ϣСǱؾһſŵĻ浯ڻվͲص󷨡
ػشСǱؾĻ浯ѾСǱǰĿյرһƬ𺣡
ȵʧʱСǱϵؾ֣յʲôûˡؾһƬڣǶͷˣǱճɻˣⶼһ޴ʤ
ʵ֪ǣڿյرԵɷΧڣص󷨣л
ĽָУһųڣѳڷųһװԡ
ǷǳʱĻһųڣӦ䱸ǶʮؾѵصսʿͬʱС
ڵ󣬲ѶҲ˷ָġбķҲǲԸòôĶ
ǲʯԭɵģΪ˱֤ʯἤʱ˵ԼװúԱװþ͹æˡ
ⶫһްԣΪֽܹʡָĿռ䣬Ľָﶼɢװ״̬Ҫһװ
æаʱŰѳװãڲʯ֮Χһӳ
СǱϵؾһɵˣҲ뵽ڹСǱǰһ䷿ݴСһľڡ
ͿڹӣˮôϸɵҲףⶫܰκζŪİ
Ҳǻˣղһֵܱյңڶ޲ðѶԷŽޣﻹʲô֮飿
һ죬ɽ۶ΡΡҡ˼£ڳƵڿﲢû裬Ǳһɿ̫Ĵ۹â
âڲϼǿһֱ˵۾ʧ
Ȼ䣬һǿӳڵڿСǱϡ
û죬û𶯣ǿսҴǽǿ̼ߵĺڰӦԭСǱķѾʲôûˡ
ẓ̇ڸйһСǱ
Ӫ
УΧսѹϽɽµӪתһؾսʿϽɽ۵ս
СǱûʣʲôԼһٵʿʬҪ١ʿǵʬ壬ؾսʿҪӪһŷŵء
Ӫɽһʹ飬Լͳ˧ѾɽظˣĽսʿûκεɲͳ˧´
ؾսʿڣڴڵҹתһֱڶʱ֣ŰӪɽ
ڵʯѾˣֻȰѳڲж
ؾսʿһӪɽеڿڵ򸽽ɽѸɽСǱը˵
ӪԪϷŭٽɽͷСǱôҲܲסӪĺӪڵĺ֮£ķ۳


744 ̵
Ӫͬʱеģǵ沿ӵǿйɽ
ɽ谭ڰɽݵеǡ
зǵɽʺϴ󲿶չڰɽݵ䱸˼ʮǡ
Ҳʵսܽ˶ԸǵķԸģǣ뵽ضλãӪԼ𣬶СֵǣóǿĻֱӴãþѻͷɡ
ڶСؾսʿͲȡ˳ǿ;ѻϵķʽԸǡ
ܹǰǣɽΨһһСѾǵĻΧ
ֻҪһ¶棬滨СϾ÷ĻѹסǣȻɾѻֱͷɵսضĳ·ǳãܿ˵ڶСϵһϰ
õڶСһףӪɽڽɽͷɽͷĪƳΧʮȹ̵Сȫ뵽ؾ
Уؾû̫ķѵʱȴǺܳģĪƳܱߵɽʮ졣
ռеĻɽߵأؾͿԴ温ĪƳˡ
ɳƽĪƳǷǳ׵ģֻҪĻɽߵһͺ䣬ĪƳǾͻ뵽ٲľء
ʱҪǶĪƳǽǿƵĻ»ȡøõЧ
⼸ǲСΪؾսʿ飬ֹһ¾ҪĪƳǷˡ
ؾսУĪƳǵĿǰΪֹҪȥˡؾܷΧ֮ڵġ
Ϊˣʬսɳġ
ĪƳܱߣǱ̬ǼΪץ˺ѵģ滨ʮֵǱ浯ģЩɶǲһеɱĵˣǾԲ֮ĵġ
ɳƽ˵ҲеڱѾ;ĩ·ˣܹĸ汱ӵԽԽˡܰѱɥĲо֪ڲˣǱµӡ
ؾҪһ˼һиɵԷǵ״ֻܰĻԥ˳ƵǱߡ
زҪҪϧѪ
ɳƽѹʱӰ¼˰ǾţӰǵоӰϣӦ㹻𺳵ˡ
ɳƽ֣֯صӰϻܣγһ˲Ӱϡ
ΪάԼҡҡ׹ͳΣϧû͵ɱ֣ǵƻϾǶһ˵Ĳ̰ᡣ
ΪҪǣǲܹƵģһ뵽˷񣬻Χһвɱ¾ʱǲߵ˭սѣˣǸĸŮ˺Ƭ
ЩӰ϶ãؾԶ̵ľеԴԴϷ䵽ĪƳ档
ӰϷ䵽ĪƳ֮еĹʱҪйɽעĪƳǵĶɡ
ɽϸɵȣͳҹɫķĪƳǣһλ÷ɽĪƳǡ
ĪƳǵؾڸԵĸλϣ֣ЩؾѾе㲻ս״̬ˡ
ؾ۾ֱԶʧǵӡٲֵؾǶ˵Ľ䣬͵͵顣
͵͵˹ȥЩ˵Щʲô
٣ֵܣ˵ؾĶô
ҲѾ̸ЩˣΧն㡭ôԼҰ
ΪϷľܹõ˰˵£ǼٵģؾռĪƳߵأ˼ӪһҺ䣬ֵĶܶˣҪģҵñͷǺ£Ҫôıǣôء
ȣֵܣ˵ĵҲġôôôడǸ˵ϲк֮ôֵôһ·ûأ
ʿ̾ͻȻһȵȻվڼְأϽ۵飬⻹˵ãѽ
һӸѲߵСӳʿΧϰΧ
ʿͣһʿϾͰ˸ס廨
ҲˡʿᶼˣϽġ
ѲСӵСͷĿٺЦŹǣڣǻʵʵɣߣ
˵ţһСӵѲ߶ӾͰʿϴקˡ
֣ҪǰվʿӦǵɱģܹЧսɡ
˴ߣǲʲôЧģҪôǷˣҪôвɸ˵顣
ѲСѺʿŤ˹нţʩչһĪƳؾʿģ˺ߡ
ѺĪƳԽԽľҲԽԽϡȻѲСתһľλãһɭɭĴԺǰͣ
ȻоһϤζϸ׽ζˣǵζ
ѵǵľۼأ
Ȼָоͺܹʲôһ
͵͵óӰļ¼һС
СͷĿǰţɭĴԺ֨һ򿪣¶һŲ԰׵
Υ͵ʿˡСͷĿЩĵ˵
԰׵ûκεı飬ʿֿСͷĿһְ̧һЩǮСͷĿ
ƽȥСͷĿЦǺǮԼ°ʿƽԺ
ʿоȴСͷĿץʯͷʿֻܷص
Ѳ߶ӵʿʿʹʿӽ˴Ժ
һߣһֱûֹͣӰ¼һС
ѲСˣʶ̽һ´ԺûʲôΣգͷԺ
ƾʶ̽飬ҵʿټ
һɭķʿѾϡſڴڣϸ淢һС
ǸһŲ԰ļһʿɭɭЦܱӵµĴӦ֪ͼȴΥͣվǸǱͷҸһ·ֻҪǣǾܻȥˡ
ʿʯͷ˵ͣŤ˵ʿȾֵ
԰ٺЦߵһóƴСֽƬһĶһĵʿͷϡ
ʱʿͷðỊ̇ʿʹķĺ
ϳˣֽƬһĶԺеĶƷԭⶫôбؽ뵽˵ӵа
԰óƿӣֱʿͷ㵹ЩȥˣƿĶ޵ѪҺ
뵽ǻʮֲ̣ۿḶ́Ǳơ
˺ôľǿѹסҪȥ
ʱʿѾ˱仯
ǲһʿʯͷѾҧ飬ʿǽͷһʯͷȥ


745 
԰һЦһһʮֹŹֵԺȥ
ʿӦǽһͷһ˻һӾͰϵϣԺȥ
ɲٸˣǵʮһԼٱ֣ΣյûУǻǳ鷳
뵽ת뿪ɭԺӣƧ·߳ˡ
ĪƳǶһֽŵ״̬УҲΪؾ뵽˼ıԵ
õֶβǹĵȴʱһĪƳǽйпܻᵼ½ɢȥΪսԵʶ£
ѡĵس룬շкͼܶĪƳǵɧҡ
Сģ޴ڵĸڻǷټ
վסʲôģһڵϺȵ
ͣ˽Ųװ˵ֵܣᣬԼˡ
ԼˣڴӰ˳һڽصĲ˶ٻΧסˡ
˵Ǹ´һԼҾӵװ磬˵Ĳֵģôһڽߣҿ˳Ҫܰɣ
ԱߵһںȻ˵٣˻᲻Ǽϸ
˵˿ǸͷĿ˼һ¶˵ˣλֵܣɱˣ㽻ȥҪϱСӣͲұôˡȣؾΧˮйͨĶȥ
ǰ˵ɫһ飬Ͻ˵٣˿ɲܷŰһСץסǹǿɾ͵ùˡ
СͷĿ¶ɫκüͷ˵ֵܣĺݣҪǷŹĻһֵܶۡѽ
СͷĿѾˣֻڳоĳͷŻЦ٣㲻ŹңҲӲϷơ
СͷĿ⻰лһʵ⻰ʲô˼
Ӱ˳СͷĿЩһ𿴡
ȿӰϣСͷĿǵȫƿˡ
һˡ
ΣСͷĿʵֵǣ˵Ǹô죿
һ´ôģЩɱĹүͲֵܵ˿ƴǣȴǱֲĶ
һҲʮּ٣ôӲˡ磬ܰɣֵܿɲѪҪǱĶңҡҲԸĶ
һʱ䣬еİʿ
죡ôĲˣһй˭ñǶСͷĿ֮£е˶͡
СͷĿȻ۾תɻ㾿ʲôˣôܵӰϣһС
˵ţСͷĿһʾеİڰΧøˡ
ٺһЦԼģ
㣡СͷĿŵûˡ
ЦҾӰǶˣѵǻҪΪô
СͷĿ˰˵ؽ߰ɣֵ֪ܰһҲĶ֣Ĳ԰ҲСˣ̧֣Źǰɡ
ЦܷŹǵģɣҪĪƳǣֻҪ滷ɽںĪƳǣĪƳǾͺ޻֮ղŵӰҸոռ¼ģҲӵˣ˭ǰǱϾ·˰ɡ
СͷĿɸһҶˣչʾӰ񣬻˵ĵͷϡ
磬ĪƳǴȥǾͿܸһǰʲôɵĳġؽŪӰϻ˵ôôǣûƵģֵܵбԴ
˵õ˵ͬҶ˵
СͷĿϱ鼫Ϊʣֺ죬ְףĿһݺݵ˵ֵǣܻҪ޷ܣǷ˰ɣؽֵԸ㣬ֻϣֵܴ·
ͷðյĪƳǣǲĿ޹Ϳ̿Ǿ仰ҪǸһΪĿĲֶΣĪƳͻΪ촷ˡ
Сӵİڷ·һޱߵĺڰпһ׷ױʾԸߡ
˵λ԰꣬ȥǾġҪһЩˣźֵܸܶһͶġҲӦԼѣԼĪƳǾУѵЩҲһ³
ͶϵС໥һۣӶԷ￴ԼĶ
ʱ˭һѶʾҲܶԣֻҪһ
еĳԱ߿Լѣȫ
ڼ˵Ŀ־;֮УԼε˻ǻѡäӵġ˵Լ˻һʵʱûŹˡ
˱Ƶ·ϻᵼһǾǾ·ϵʲô鶼ɳġЩ˿ɲؾսʿһжָӡ
ⲻϾ˼ˣȻҪԵĿޱҵ³Ҿȷһѣ
˿ʼŻˣ
һĪƳϾ
ΧѾۼٶˣ龰ϴЩķ򳷡
ĪƳפŽʮĴû߶Զһǧ˵Ķ顣
վסߣӵУٴǳЩˡ
ͷУٿУپ쵽УһѾУٵߡ
Уپ;ǰӰһԼļѾסˡУٶʱоԼļϾѹһɽһ˵Ƿˣ嶼޷վֱˡ
УǧʿһϰΧסһֶٶ˰ڿ˷Ρ
һЦȵֵǣǸָһ·ġҪǲţͰӰ˵
ǧʿΪӵУƣԲ׶֣ԴݰӰݸ˿
ӰݣȫȻ
Щ˶ƴĪƳǣû뵽Լ˶ԼôݣʿȻѲ߶ӵֱ͵һصλƳǣ
ǸСͷĿûֵǣΪǾһͽô³˵ǻܸɱĵٵôλؽ˼ؾ滷ɽռˣһھҪǵ˼һðΣչϣɱֵǣѵͲףΪʲôҪؽ𣿡
Լ˵ҪԶȵ˵ЧԼ˶Լ˵˺ҪԶԶȵɵ˺һ
̼䣬еߣкü˹еľеУһҿգۼУپͳһࡣ
ˣˣ
ѾɿˣǰٶˣĿơ
ǧ˻ϾڱƵȺһӱ˺޽Ƶıй


746 ɧ
ЩڳɧңΪһڼġ
Щ˸ûһͳһʶȫΪͷű˱
Щ˸Ͳʲôֻһͷȫݻ٣
ȫˣЩˮûָӵʿǳһܾϾɱϽգȫһɥĲӡ
ֱĪƳǴ󲿶ӿʱЩ˲ѣҪûˣ
е·ѾûˣЩʿǰѹĴ󲿶չɱһȫˡ
Ͻɳƽȡ磬ɽϵӪֻĿĪƳĳųǽҪĪƳǳڡ
ؾĪƳ滷ɽϣһŭˣһſŵڵһҵĪƳǳǽ֮ϡ
ĪƳɧѾĪƳؾͷˣؾһؾҪæ֯سǣĪƳһҳһࡣ
ۼĪƳؾ˷ЩԼ˴ȵ
ЩһĻ´ңеǷºĸоˣ׷׽Ÿܡ
֪۴ĸܣҪ˳ȥǲܵġΨһİ취ðŷգ嵽ǸǵĵطֻҪĪƳؾ龰ʲôˡ
ĪƳǵؾΪؾڻصƣΪڵɧҹģǧҵȺѾնɱʣٶˣҲòôĲ׷ɱԸؾ֮ء
ԣһ·˱ܲû̫Ĳ赲ЩĲǽͳġ
赲ĲȻûеסβĲȴԽԽˡ
ǸԺӣһ߿ԺšߵԺм䣬Ǹ԰Ѿˡ
˭ô󵨣֪ǽôһĪƳؾĴ磬԰ŭ͸ˡ
ǸСͷĿһ԰˰ѻʿƳǡǰʱѹƣѾͶû˼ˡ
ǣ˵ǵƳǵģ
СͷĿһٶʿһȺ鼤ܣͰ԰סһٶ
˵Ŀ׳㻰ߵʿָûأգۼ԰һغˡ
ѾˣҲûа취һ︴
ھҪѺԺȫͷųЩû˿ƵǣӦûĪƳɲСɧҡ
뵽Щ˴˺ԺңǧҪСģЩǿǲܿƵģһҪԼµص󷨵С
ú룬Լߵ˺ԺĴŸǰ
õǸһϣ̲˵ѹ˵ΪĹЧſûлɽϵСǱộһȭͰѴŸ俪ˡ
龰оĿģһһһվţΪûнӵЩԵ쳣
Щ㣬֪ġ׷ûҲûҪȰЩǸˡ
ʱ䣬ԺУ׷Ĳӳ˴Ժ
Լڰ͵͵۲졣
Ľ˾ԺϸѣһҪЩ˸ѳ
ʿǴӦһͷʼԴԺ
һʿ˺Ժ
ģ쿴ôǡ
һʿ˾Ѻܶ
ɣ㿴ǲСʯͷôǽ绹һԷأֵһվڣôˣ
ǰ㿴Ǳߣôǰ컹ģôͱ⸱

ʿ۷׷ףԼҪѲ鶼ˡ
ȻڴԺǽϣһӰˡӰеʿĿɿڴӰؼ¼ʿαǵġ
ԲۣԭؾɢĶģôԼǣ˶ð
ʲôô˶ðûؾ˵ôԺԼ˶Ҫɱ¾˻Ҫֲ
ʿ۵ʱĽǰԺˣɱߣʲôأ֪ôϽȥԸؾô
˵;òˣƽʱֻҪԼһٴЩʿ¡ȫˣʿû˵Ըоһ˲ա
ͻȻǽϵӰ²ˣ쿴һУɵĿɿڴ
ʲôﵷңҲҪƻˣؾϸĺ£Ҫȵ
һʿޱָһ˵ѵǸҲؾϸôǿǸҳԹսѣ컹һ˵ˣôӣ
ɫһӱޱѿȵƻ
˵꣬һͿʿ
ڰʱ۲ŷһУۼһʿָһһɾϮ˽ֶΡ
پһ飬սһ˵ϡ
ķչеʱô˼顣
Ҫǽһɵʿܹѹס£һûаʿʿϾͷӦĳǹһӰͱһԴ
ǣﵱٵǲ˿ǻô
е߶ͬһսߵģڼоû·ʱʿĺϵõ˴ҵһӦ
ԺʿϳȥȡϵԼ֪ˡʿľĻЩţ˴Ժһ֮ʲôˡ
ôģõؾҪǵôϾҪԼˣǣĪƳǰɡ
˼ؾôڵϹģȥؾɵ˿ɾ̫ˡ
ܱȱǺðɣ㿴ЩǣǵƳġ˵һⶫ
еʿ뵽˼ȵľֵУ־޷Ŵ󣬾ͱ˾֮ͻо˵ľٶ
ֵǣҸˮǸŵؾ죬ɱֻҪˮӵİظŪǾӳȥˡ
ʱֻҪһ뷨ܹеͨϾͻĸš
һֻ˵Ĳӣˮӷ򿪹ȥʱ򣬸û˸
ЩǣȻѴֹˣųЩ϶ǻޱߵɱġȻԼģܾòġ
˴ţ絽ɳƽɳƽˮӷ򼯽ʮؾҪǿĪƳʿɱͷˮӰصĸţЩʿΪͷ󣬷ɱĪƳǣΪ֮ΪͶϣͶϵĴһῼǱؾ
ѸԼٶͷųԸԸؾ
СͷĿϷ°ݣؽ˵ĻֵܶˡĪƳǵֵһ·ͳһ㣬ûģҹĥԸؽ
СͷĿһеʿȫŹˣʾԸ


747 Ƴ
ϴӽָȡһЩ滨װãɷЩʿ
ЩʿҲְҵľˣһ㲦ʹõԭ
ĥΪЩʿĶӳԼж
һУȫԤϵġ֪սʧᣬĪƳǻ²÷ؾͻѴˡ

ĿĪƳǵؽֻҪһһоˡ
ĥ֪ĪƳǵľڹĥָ£ٶͶϵʿĪƳؽĹۡǰ
ĪƳؽĹۡѾΪˣеսѩƬһǱؾڻսתһ
ڵɧҸǳ棬ѾƽϢˣиɧұ
ٶ˵Ķע⣬ĪƳؽۡĸߣȫǾ׳ʿڰء
ոսӽΧķߣһ˾ͱסվסǸʲôģ
ûд𻰣ʾĥǰӦ
ĥᣬϿ˵ʿֵܣǶİڣһϸΪش԰Ѽϸ󽫾ᡣ
ǵģʻʿ´һ¹ĥѯ˹ĥĿȷǶİڣͰѹĥһ˷˽ȥ
ȵڶߵʱ򣬹ĥһ׾ͲˣڶߵʿùĥԼϸȥҪȺ
ĥһգ۾һֵĶ
ҪˣĥЦֵܣͨһ¡
ͨʲôⲻżϸȥôô˸ʲôѵı󽫾ô
ĥһ˿ɫЦ˵ˣ
˵ţĥһ̧滨ķװãʻʿһʻʿϾͱһ⡣
ĥҲû뵽Ⱪ滨ȻôȻɵԼЩ֮⣬ǿļһؽ¿ɱݰ
Լͱ˵ѡУû˻ѡԼϡ
ǣ𣡡ĥ
˽ľ룬ɲóˣִ滨ͶʿվһݶӣڶߵĪƳؾ뿪
ִ֮£ĪƳǵӸûзӦʱ䣬ڱ滨ĵ֮£ڶߵʿһѪɡ
Ĳ֫⣬Щڱ滨Ҵʿһɥ˵ﻹеֿʶ׷׿޺˸Եĸλ
֪Щʿںͱ滨죬ڶڵһһٲľк͹滨ָڻ
ʿѾȫ뵽ԼؾĽɫˣԥִС
ڶӺܿ켯ϣĥ
һߵؾȻԤĪƳǵģ˭뵽ҪﲼأЩʿԶеǷ䵯ľеվڰٲ֮ڶӸûκвġ
ڶһ󣬵һߵ϶ʱ̫ͬһ㷢˲ֱӵǿ⣬ǿǿҵڶӶЩʱʧˡ
ƬҵıըĴ裬űըӵÿһ
ʿҸģЩȫʿһڵϴϵĻȴôҲϨˡ
ĥһ֣滨ָŹĥͳȥ
ڱһĵ꿪·£̼ɱĪƳؽĸۡ
ۡĴѾˣĥڶӿڣȴֹˡ
һǰȭһȴĪƳؽۡĴϡ
¡һۡһӱƬ
ͬʱɳƽͳ˧ĶʮؾѾٽˮӡھˮһľ룬ɳƽסţȺĪƳǳı仯
ȻĪƳǵĴűˣһȺĪƳǵؾ˳ţˮӵĸŴˮ׸
ĪƳľӣʮҵĳ˸š
վסҪǰǿҪˡ
ԳľӲǺܶ࣬һϾؾǰͣˡ
𿪻𣡱𿪻ǹؾͶġ˵˵꣬ϾͷľеʿҲЧʿ׷׷ľе
ɳƽߵǰĪƳǵֵǣؽк֮£ûɽϵںǡؽѾĪƳؽˣؽתǣֻҪܹתĪƳǣǾͽܵؾһĴ
ⷬͶʿв˼ķ죬۷׷ףվǴһµѾһˣ㲻ͷɱȥһҲǱͽȻؽӦؾĴƴˣܱȰװҪá
ЩͶʿеҪɱɳƽֵǣǰԼϵ·һ£ͲˣѾ·ľԼˣǲܵġ
Ͷʿޱ˷ܣ˼ҼȻôܵǿ϶Ǻ˵ġ
Ͷʿ˵ذ·źɱĪƳǡ
ɳƽָӶʮؾˮӵĸһĪƳǡ
ͶʿؽֺĪƳؾؾ󲿶ѾˣĸϽͶΪԵʵڲֵáֻҪͶؾᱣ֤ҵܵ˺ġ
ʱɫѾʮؾӿĪƳǣĪƳؾ˼𺳡
ؾ䣬ͶʼˣʹûͶģҲԼأһѷƵˡ
ʱдһһĪƳǵؾţǲҪٵֿˣǵĴ󽫾Ѿסˣ
ĪƳǵؾĵطһɲôڰд󽫾ѾУǶܵĹһɥܣĪƳؾһ˲ˣеؾʼģؾͶ
ɳƽϽؾֱսͬʱάĪƳΰ
ĪƳָ״̬
֣֯еͶʿιǵĴԺ
ĻĪƳؾ²һӱ쳣ߡ
ȵ˰ĪƳؽ²ǰʱʣΪʲôԼսѻᱻƳǣ
ͱˣʱҲܵˣ˵еء
ǣؽһѾʲôˣӾͨЩＯǵƲϡ
еؾ죬ֻҪǷΥģ͵ǵĵط
ΥıϾӸÿسǽ춼´˱Ҫɵָָ꣬ѹ֮£سǽ֮£ֻðһЩƽʱ˳۵ҲͶ뵽ǵĴС
ΪֲϵĲ㣬Щسǽ컹ϰѡ׳Ӵ档Щץķ²ϸǺԥͶŵǵĵط
Ϊ˱֤սЩǴ󲿷ֶǸеؾΪسǾϳĪƳƵҪ͵ĳУĳƵǻ͵ĪƳǵʶ


748 ǧָ
еĪƳسʿߣеʿԱߵؾսʿֱӳĪƳؽȭߡ
һٶһսȫӿҰıй
ȵؾֹ˷оĪƳؽѾŭʿһˡ
еĪƳǷ²񶼼ееĹ㳡ϣѼ¼ǵӰ񲥷Ÿҿ
ࡣ
̵ľ˵鶼ݺݱ˵ˡؾǰڵĪƳǵľ޲Աɥоʹ޲ѡ
еĪƳǾιǵأǿЩԼ˱Ƴ¾ʱ޲ʹ
һֲôϵĶ֪ⶫʵͣǵжǲõġ˵ע£һĪƳеȫɾ
ĪƳеӰȫǵ۹ľ޶ȵͬʱָ񱱻Υ׵о˵ö֮
лڰӵǣظϽƣϽΪ֮ħҲһҲֵˣƱػᱻؾܵ˺ġ
뿪ӣؾԿԼ̣ԸͶϹĸ˹ԱúáһУűӼ캦ˣһһܵġ
սʱûʲôӰصһЩݣЧʹһˡ
ؾ˼Ϊֵ֤ݱ˱ΪԼĵλȨƣֱǲϧǧ˵ˡ
Ϊ֮˷ָƷ֮ӣ޷ݡ
ؾƵķΧ˼ķ죬˶ԱӵĶоǴŭȫվؾһѱ˺ˮޣǱġ
һʱ䣬ӳǧָĶ
ڱӵϽڣؾǼĿֻšӵսʿɱⱻƳǣôƽսҪԵ˽Ǹ޷֤׸
һЩؾ̵ϰտʼһЩӾӵ²ʿҲ͵͵ѵװӵϰյ
Ӳȡ˼пѹֶΡǼùѾؾعˣҲûʲôڵˡ
ܵˣ۾ȫץƳǡ
һӼӴڲĿֻţһʱ䱱Ͻҥ˵ǱѾȫԣҪϽеϰȫƳǣɧҲӵӾסĳеС
ץˣӿڲӲȡ˼˸ѹֶΡ
𣬲ҪƳǣҥҲȫͬȵĴΪԤƵ԰ˣֻҪҥɻɵˣһץơ
⻹㣬ҥߺ߲ȡƣһ˷ڵھӻȫץ
ûУûĻᡣʱһϰսһ񲻶ԾͻᱻץߣҸصһУҪ
ӵؾϵϰգ޺ȥȱؾǵļ磬һĻе˺Ѷˡ
ǵĿߣؾսʿŭգͶʿҲ̲סˣ׷ԼϼսƴһҲҪ򱱻ֻѪծ
ȴпԣؾıʮҪȥַӣֻܳȥʮʿҪʮؾĪƳǡ
ķ²뵽ؾı׼ֻʮܹؾҲʮıӿɻʮǳصľ޴̣Ǳһ㲻ЩҪصıҲܰıȫĵ
֮£ֻԸʿһеһᷴӳؽϾĴ£ͳ˧Ҫȫ̵Ŀô
ĽһУʱ䳤ˣʿǵЩʧˡóĽڣѾ޷ƽϢʿǵˡ
Σֻҵļ
ʵֺγͷأ
һӴôĵ̣Լİʮɢַʣʮ򣬱ӻôĵҪز㰡
ɳƽһ⣬ǲתһ˼·ǿԴģҪͻƹе˼άΪʲôһ³еʱҪɱפأȫԷصϰգǴ˰ϰǨ㵽ؾоӵĵ̲ô
۾һǸ⣬ĻϣԸĽ
˵Ǩϰգ֯ЭһЩͶеľ׳ʵ߿ԷؾɼĽѵЩɵؾΪرǳصפ˰صĳǳأͿԽؾԲˡ
ɳƽΪУ԰˼·ȥһսۡ
ٴΰĺĺֵĪƳĺĪƳǵµʮؾɳƽָӣЭĺһй
ĪƳǵľ˵ҪűϹ򱱻ӣ޲ѪڣԭĪƳͶؾҲ׷ױʾҪμӱĶ顣
ξǾߣڲʮĪƳؾУϸѡʮ˱뵽ؾְеİ˲ĺΪЭĪƳǺͷֹΰ֡
ֹˣ¼ؾսʿװȴԲ㡣ô򱱻ӣҲǲװóȻġ
ĪƳѾǱӵ̵ĸҪˣ򣬲߾ͻԽԽˡʹװʾеԶͶͣҪӦĴʹĽӦ㡣
ΪӵĵʩϽµϰնؾ˾ǣ˵ҪʹĽӦϰӦĺ͵ĺ٣ǮĳǮĳܿʹĽӦװþŪˡ
ڼ䣬ԺµĽ±ؾսʿϵͳԵѵرһײеĶ֣ǵصܽһϵеս
磬ΨһԴжƷطǵıĲλǷķˣԵսĸ
ؾרǵսСӣСΪһδڵıըԺ̶ܴȸɵǣڻ©ǣþѻֱͷɵͻγɽĻֲñ滨Сӳ档
ִ˹ģǾӦûǧսֶӴ
սڿҰжսЧһ뵽еĹսУսϾͻʧȥá
ΪڳйսܹȷǣһרŲ׽ǻѪҺһеĸӦ
ⶫ໥£ִսʿԱǿȷֶԷ


749 Ϯͭ
ѵ±ؾսʿؾʹõĸ߼еͶϹսʿͨʹЩ߼еףΪʲôؾʤ
ؾõľߣܹһʮľ⣬Ҫԭʹõľе˶ֲֹһΣ
еսʿΪľеֱӾܹѱӸɨƽˡֹ۵ľǸӵ飬սʿЩͲסˣ׷Լ뵽ɨƽӵսС
ɳƽ飬ֻҡͷЦ
ٺսʿĲͬڿǵķһٿǵս֣սʿƾһǻѪ
ݣɳƽñʱˣӵǣͨ۲±սʿ;еʹúϡ
ΨһǷȱģʵս
ʵսⶫɲЦģʱһı仯Ӱ쵽ս֡
ؿǣؾΪΪȷ沿ӣչ
˾УûԤϵġ
ĥΪӴ磬ʿҲ飬γΪһ
¼ؾսʿһ㶼Լ뷨ĥ˵ȻùĥӦ
ĥҵʵؽôȷ沿õϵؾսʿ
Щ죬֪ĥôʵ⡣
ǸĥˣĥǵġǱߣȻѾ;ĩ·ˣӵеľӣѲɱǲٵģԲŻؾϱͷô
ĥ˼˵ؽֵе벻ؽϱͷǲǲ¾սǶ¾֪ؽ뷨ģֵ˵Ҳǲ˼ôİɣ
һЦĥǺ°˵ǵսʿǰؾԼļһܺãû̸ʲôսֻҲ֪ͬСɣҪԵĿǼΪײеĶְ
ĥ죬æ͵ؽҲûȰֵǡֵ˵Դ׸ϣҪǲָһ̣ҲûǽҪ⣬ǵϰնԱӿǻſ̹ǵĳޣ޲ó⣬ֵҪ嵽һҲǿġ
һ£ͷ˵ҺˡֵǱΪǵڻҲŰǷŵһߵģСˡǰ沿һ¾ʼʱҪЧˣٴûκصġ
ĥ磬ȴصظ˻ȥ
С֮£ؾʮ̤˱;
ɳƽоƶս׺ѣȴСĳ֣˿һ߽ⱱӵĳз
ؾƶı·ʵϲһֱ·ߣһı·ߡ
ؾȽӴһֻ˿ڵСؾͷӴ۾ǣûӪλСϵľӾˡ
ؾͷӲһǹһռ˱еĵһĿꡣ
ͷӵؾ±׳䵱һؽԱȫ˵Ϊصİյؾĵȥ
ЩĵϰգͱӵľӸˣ˵ܹ뿪ȫԼϢļ磬һѷܵѾؾ̵ĪƳǡ
Сǳأؾûܵĵֿ
һգؾͷӵ˱ԵĵһСͭǡ
ĪƳһͭҲɽĴУҪйģѹͭפʮؾϺһѿеĹͷ
ͷӵǸ峡ͭΧķݵɾԱڴ󲿶ӵ֮ʱ˳չӡ
ĥͷ¾Ľ죬ͭǵΧǿһҵңܹ
˹ĥĽ飬е㷸ֹǰһҪչ˺¾սʿһ¾ܴ죬Ӱ쵽¾ʿıǼΪġ
ΪܣҲܹ¾սʿսҪһζĲ¾սʿսҲ¾սʿĻԡ
˰죬ĥһҪСӦԣǧ̰ðһ⣬ؽǱ߿ɲý
ĥڴӦص¾սʿ
ͷУ¾սʿĥսʿǼеһ˺
ֵǣܹһϹģսˡʱѾҽˣؽǵǵİȫûȫͷġ۱ȥǲǲǣһжǳֻǴˣ˵˲Ӳ˵ǲǰ
е¾սʿһӷˣߺǣ
ĥʾұ̫Ҹѡұߣǲŵ˽ĵġͭǵһһذģҶǱˣ֪ͭǱûгǽɽǽġֻҪ⴦ذֱӿԲ嵽ͭǵı󣬵ʱ򣬺ٺ١
һ¾սʿϻӦ⸽ˣϤǸذͽͭأûʱ򻹾üءԣֻҪƹͭأ嵽ͭǱ󣬾Ϳ˳ɽһֱɱֿͭɵá
ĥЦôıҶܣֵܣûеӴͭأ
ǸʿЦǶˣڻûдһ̣Ļ˵˶ӲһͲˣҲؾˣƾʲô˼ܹǰεأǾԵĹЩֵܸҸһͭأ
ʿ˵꣬е⻰սʿӦ
ĥʿˣϽ£ʱȵļҲͬǻẦ˵ġ
Ϲ尡λֵܣͭҶҲ֪㣬㿴Ҫѡʲôֵܰ
ǸսʿЦͭѡȡնĵ޽ɵģҪ湥ûڸвͨġ֪һصĵ·ͨͭϡҪѡĵ֣ܹڶֵܡ
ĥսʿҪ󣬸䱸һ˵ĸӣܺͱ滨ĳǿеһѡ
üƻ֮󣬹ĥؾ¾Ľӽͭء
ھͭضʮλϣͣĥһٸӳȵƻʱͭأԷŻΪţʱ¾һɱȥͭء
ӳ֮󣬹ĥŴ󲿶ӣһ㿿ͭأٽƻʱ򣬹ĥ󲿶ѾͭǰʮλáΪ˱ݾߣĥȫغãȴӵźš
ʱһȥˣܿգΧһƬžžɢһɹζ
Ȼ䣬ͭڻ죬滨ڶ
ĥϲеֵǣӵĵѾˣҳ尡
Ĵ̼ɱͭ£ʱѾͭصĴŸˣһӵ롣
ʱɱ쳹
ͭؾҲû뵽ᱻ˼Ҵڲ򿪹ذȵһɱͭصؾѾˡ
ûĥʹ¾ռͭء


750 
ͭرӦϲ飬ĥ¾սʿȴ˸ѵѡ
ͭصؾִ֮Ӧս¾սʿǿĻսûлֵأǴѡͶ
֮Ͷǧ࣬¾սʿôЩ²ùĥͷޱȵ顣
ռƻ¾սʿӦػصͭǵıƾ£ͭγɾ޴в
Сķ²еˡ
ĥıЩ߸ϵĽ첻ͬǴӵײСͷĿͶؾ󣬱ģûֱ½ŵë෴ģĥеؾָʿһƬƷʡ
һж⣬ĥУ٣һЩСͷĿ
ĥͷۣҲͷۡԴҪײеĵˣһֶθɵҪͶˣһŴŰɱ
ΪͶ¾˵ޱֺ֧ͳ˧ġ
οͭصսԼףҲ²ȥ֡ϾǷĵˣһиͻ˭ұ֤Щ˲ģҪĻɾ鷳ˡ
죬һУٺȻ˵ؽ˵ҪǸʲôΪôﲻӰôЩ²ȻЧɳĪƳǵЩ²ǰͷֻҪֺþͱؾһð
ĥǰһһĴ˵ǰǵѧϰѧϰɳⷨõǸУôˡ
׵¾֯²ۿӰϣЩӰȷʵǴ˷²Ǵķ²ſžˣ˼վ
ĥȴ˵ԭҲطˣҪϤҲܹðͭءյϵĻ֣ǶףΪʲôͶؾΪؾأ̰ͼ󣬸̰ǱӰǱƵˡ
Ǹүǣ֪˼ҵľҪ˼ĵҪսɳҹĥ޶ǣǵֵƳ˲˹Ķ˭ҲܽܰʼʱҴֵͶ·ǣĶӰ
ĥûаѻ˵꣬÷²Լȥ롣һȷʵӰĪƳǵķ²ŭɵĪƳѵϰչ¿Ĳҿ޲ʾűӵĲб
ŭͶʿϰջսĻ棬Щͭصķ²ͬܡ
ҲҪؾҪҲҪ򱱻ҵֵܻڱĵطۣ治ֵ֪ܻ᲻ҵˣ山˵׻ܵࡣ
һͭط²һ̬Ⱥ鼤ܣеսȫҪμؾ
⻹ʡˣĥöԱˡĥϰַ²УЩ²Ϊؾ¾ǲӣһ¾ͭأС¾ǲӵ£һ¾ֱͭǱ̵ĸɽ
ĥнУһϸְͨһͨ
ͨ˽⵽ͭǵ㼯ӪȴͭأȻػش嵽ͭǱʵ߼лû뵽ͭؾȻô뵽ؾ
ʧ󲿶ӼӿٶȣϽͭǣӦͷӡ
ɾʱⷢˡĥ¾ǲӣսɵĶ飬̫࣬ĥҲûа취ȫء
ǲӵûĵģͭصսвͭ񣬵Լļ˻ܵս𲨼͵͵ɽ֪ͨˡ
˭֪ͭؾļ˶ͭؾܼסˣս˼棬ȥ˵սǾȻȺ鼤ܾɱɽˡ
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֮£ĥͨ󾪸Ͻְ鱨ͨ
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755 ƻ迪ս
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ڱੲݵؽ벻ǣû뵽ӾȻûûĥߴ
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в֮£սʿòսսȥƽǵ
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ѾٵˣԼܹ˵ȫ߶档
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ؾĳǽرݻ֮һʣµ֮ػܼãƽǵ˼ҵڻ
ȫˣһͬʱԼӪл
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ѣӰԼøһԺģϵôƴ۵ĹʵǸ۷ԼǣƵ
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ҼȻ㣬Ҿȫ֮ߵġһأ˭ɫڲ˵


757 ɥ֮Ȯ
ӻ䣬ӱӵһӷ˼ӰЩƮƮɵ˿УΧġ
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һ˱͵ϮԪӤڵĿܡ
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⻰ֱЩЦõĸоеС˱ˣۿźÿ޳ˣȻС˿ɽֿʼNɪָо
ѾûʱȥӶˣ߸ܣ˵ѹ

󾢷Ϯĸ۷Ŀܴıˡ֣ԼӲתԳֵĿܣ淽ĿǻرܣĿǸ𹥻ġ
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ܾһ󣬷֮Ҳ𾪡߲ܵѿ޶ȱʵڿܵʶһϵʶ߸ֱܼһһݶֵı仯ЭһµӦԡ
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£ӺɱͭǣͭӦûһֱ֧ͭǱɽĲӡ
ߣؾ֧Ƶͭص
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ؾһӵϣת˲Ͱ֧Ӹˡ
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뵽ۣҪ׷ǸӰ
Ӱٶʵ̫ˣƴȫҲܹס
Ȼ䣬ǰĺӰһͣסˣƮڰգƺڵĵ
ת˲͵˺ӰǰһһһȻһĺɫȫ֣ں۵֮ڡ
СޣҪʲôһʻһ־Եĸ߸ϵĸоݽζ¶ࡣ


758 Ԯ
ĬĬעˣȫעĽн䱸ǰˣо˾ΥĸĪ⡣
ʲôˣɥĲ˹ӲдǶķԴ˵
һЦ˵Сޣų˼ɷ͸ô˵е񻰣ǾԵдġھԵʵǰνаֵһᣬֻҪԸ⣬ааҲ壬Ϊʵдʷ
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Ȼǰһ壬ȭͬʱ𣬿ɽʯһȭǸ˴ȥ
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źԶľϣоԼȭǻ˺ǽһ˺ȻԼȭȻҲǰݳֺ
һ֣Ȼоһɽһľ޴ѹԼѹ
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󾪣̲סҪԼ
׽ϽԼĹһƮ˳˺Զ˾롣
СޣЩ£ֲô񣡲Ҷûкýģ㻹รɡ˵꣬˾Ȼﳤȥ
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ȱʮ˵ĴʧؾսҲֵˡӶʮȫûսȫûͷȫûʮŶ˶ʮʬ壬ô˵ҲǱһĲҰܡ
ͭĿ꣬ؾѾˡ
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Ϣοɳƽ̴ĪƳǵǲʮԼϣͬʱĺʹʮؾͭǵԭסͭǸսżͭǽΪؾµһϾݵ㡣
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ΪӾһۣԼû䡣
εĲҰܣʹʵ𣬶ڱеľӵľʿĴԵġ
һؾȻƣǱѾǿ֮ĩˣֻҪټӰӵĸ޿صˡ
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ָʮؾԱʣĵչ˿ɨһĹơ
ӵʩʧȥģټͭǲҰܣڵ״˵ձɽ˵Ǳɽ
ؾѾĵˣ˳еܸؾһв⣬ӵŻڱеǱ֮󣬾ӡ
֪ӰеʿͳͳƳ֮󣬱ӵԾֱӵֻ꣬ҪؾжսζǣͳɽƵؾͶ
ⲿֵľӣûѡؾΪⲿֲѾû˾񣬱뵽ؾֻӰؾĸ߰ʿ
ЩɽͶʿȫѵװͭǽĺ͵ĸıࡣ
ܿ죬ؾ˱ʮеʮӵбǮѹڶʮĳˡ
ؾսЩˡΪйսʼǵݴͣȥؾÿһι
սĲϽУؾսģеĵȴûƣ͡
µʮеʱԽ¹򣬳еǵıԽ󣬷ǳѲؾҲƣ͵ļޣ;һ¡
ؾʱڱ˵ǸϲѶڿԲÿӶ˾ɥսˡ
ر¼ˣԼһյķϷ
ҵˣһվ
ܽңǸڽҵģһˡ
ʹߣʲôͽôӹʵ
ûᱱӣֱߵ¡
ҾǾķһͷҲδػֱ㻹ĽĬ˰죬ӳһ仰
ûгûָ𣬸ƽ˵һʵ
ѾľˣĻİõ̩Ȼ֮
ɫĹʹߣΪ˵ŵİɣ
赲˵κα飬΢΢ҡͷȴ˵һУڹƾԼѾûκεıǮˣֻһ취Ծˮ֮С
⻰ˮ֮ץסľһ۾гϣɫʹߣߴͽ̡
ֻ¶ʮţȫƳǡ˱˵
һɷͬСɣֻʮԼһʲô
˴ǲµ˱ӵ뷨ЦԼһ棬ؾĹٶȣ㻹ܳŶ죿һؾٴνƾЩϺзֶܼ೤ʱ䣿»Ƕʮ죿
ӵŵŵ˺ü⻰һѪģؾٶȣҲգۼ顣
һʹߵʹı۾

ͬһʱ̣ӵѵܶӣҲڱż尾
ͬһź۵ˣŶҪȡж
ʹߣﶼԹ˲Ͼôֱܷʮȥ֧Ԯ߰ʮһȥߵķһ˼ķ֮һ
Сƺ³ײǰĺˡ
˵һ˵ݺѵôǱ߳ϦһؾؾͻΧʱҲȲ㡣
һִ죬п޳˼
Ҳ̫ˣԮʵϾΪԼ̡֪ǣ˶ؾôˣǲؾϵͷ㣬Ƿַӵ顣ֻҪǣסؾǾоطĻᡣȵǷɹһͳɽôô
ӿɲ׹ɶ֪Լͬǲܵˡ
ҧɳʮϳԮӡ
ʱѾؾһʱ䣬ؾ򱱻Ķʮǳأû뵽ǳȫǡ
ڽĳڣؾûо쵽ʲôؾ뵽еĸأǽӵӽؾ˺ܴ
Ȼؾ䱸ܹԶǵƷǵʵ̫ˣֶԷͬʱؾսʿҲˡ
ûйģؾ͸սʿ
òӲƴͰѹǲӳԸӴǵʱ򣬶ؾ鱨Ա鱨ɳʮԮս


759 Ϣ
鱨ɳƽֱ÷˼ԼQˣؾסȻ˼Ԯӡ
ԼԹ˲Ͼı˵͵˵ĸ߹١
ϸһ£еĹؼӿ϶ûģնӵΪˣ˵ڶ裬Ƕ̫ƽʱڣҲǲΪ˳ôġ
һǶӱ˹ĵȲѲŻĺˣѾʶˣڶӵıҲһһһĿֲڡһָӶһоϡ
ò˵ڶĶֻǺдֹ۵ġֻҪӲؾͻսǶ̵ַΨһϣڡ
һӺͱһؾϱһǵ۹ܹ赲ؾͳһǵ۹Ĵҵ
սһ£ʮһؾе鷳
Ѿ׷ˣһȫǷؾΪ˸˾޴ڼм˱ӵġ
ʮһԮߣؾù£ƣ״̬ߵļл治˵ᷢʲô
һ㣬ؾǱˣһ㣬㲻ûܡԽǵбԽҪСģӣʵǲʤö١
ɳƽʵؽƶǲӦԣ
üͷһ˵ñ֮ʱơҿǱߵսȸһɡʮԮǾǸҲҪһ°ɡ
ɳƽЦؽôھôĬأؽӦ˺õ뷨ɣ
ЦӼȻɳʮߵս֮Ʊؿ飬ҲǸôһ¶һˡ
ɳƽЦսô졣
һ˰ţѾɽˮĵزˣֻҪˣԱʩ㹻ѹˡ
߼Ȼмò͸ǶŰɡֻҪؾסţʮκβؾȶǱ£ʮĴǳεġ
ԵսɳƽȫȨָӱؾɳƽĽȹ̷ʱɧţҽнˡ
ԭĿ£ɳƽдһˡ
ϣ϶ɵؾսϡ
ҵǸ鱨Ľ죬֪ɳʮľ嶯
鱨Ľ㱨ӳʮѾ·ˣڶؾϽڣӴʹ÷װ˱һֱǲȡнķʽ
ĿǰʮѾϣоʮؾĽӴ
ͼĿǰؾӴϵĽͨҪռˡҪؾĽӴϣֻƵһ;ⲿִƵϣܹ˹ģо·;ֻжǶҵǬĬ롣
鱨ĽϽ˵ؽʮǳǬĬ뷽оܹǬĬ롣
Цƴƴ¶ǣҪֳˡҪǶǻڶԷⲿԮͿͨǱϣ߽˰·̡
ڣӵĴòͨǬĬĻɽҰ뱱֧Ԯˡ
ϸ鿴ͼָŵͼϵһλ鱨Ľʵʲôط
һصؽϢ£˼ĵطԭ·ͨΪжǵԵʣﱱϽ˲٣ԾͽķˡӾҲΣֻ·ˣΪʱ̫ãԵͼҲûб֡
ŽЦ˵Ĺĺϸ£Ҫû鱨ŵľĹпܾͰλøˡ
Ϣ£ӦǸܹʲôĵط
ټ˶ؾĸ߼죬Ͷӳʮϵڽһ¶Բߡ
еĽ춼ʾǶӱԿʱǴ滹ǱԱȲϣǶԶӷһģս۵ĺʱ
ȡÿһλ˵Լ뷨һҪģĿǰҪΪ͵սһ׼ӲɳʮôǿⰡ˵Ҫ֧ܵشӻ
һЦǴǻǳ֮ġûʲôףͰһƹ˭϶ǲɽܵ鰡Ƕһߵʿʿ䣬ټֵܲʿӵġ
һλ׵ʲô˵ؽ˼Ƕʮ֣ɶģľӶ֣ؾҲҪ൱ģĴ
Цҵûмⲿִθڣںʵĵطһ£ֶΪأ
̿ͼϢµλñ˳ΪǷؾֻҪʮ˴ξͿˡ
ӶǳؾҪȶӵʮһ쵽Ϣ£һӾ㹻Ӵܵˡ
ڽԶӵĽƻԼʮؾӶǳϵϢ¡
Ϣ°ɽ漸ǴֱµĶ£ӵ浽¶ɶߡϢµĶ棬ɽƶ͵һɽ£ͨһķϵĴ·ϢºͶ͵ɽ֮򱱷
Ϣϲڣڶ͵ɽǱߣֺͱ滨֡
ϢϺͶ͵ɽˣؾľеܹһķϵĴ·ܷ
ؾսʿϢºͶ͵ɽϣ̽Ԯ鱨
˰⾰㱨ӵĴѾݴ˲ʮˡóٳȥ󲿶һȺ򶫻Ӵ
ܿ죬һӼͳҰУЩǸ󲿶ӿ·ģȻô֡
ֹʱӱԮĴ󲿶ӿϢµ֮ڡ
ûżŶӴһǰȥ
ȵӴȥһʱ
ϢϵڣжɽߵԶ̸߼еһ𿪻𣬶ʱϢĴ·һ
ը棬ǿ⣬˷ӵĴؾһһضϣһǧʿ̼仯ΪУʿĵƬ͵ɸӡ
Ϣϵڣӵľһ취ûУΪͲܼڻ޷ϴֱϢ»ٵڣֻҧֱڴ
ڶɽһӴǿԹ湥ؾܼ㣬ҲΪ
һʱӵĴʿ
һսȻڶӴɢĺЩ𣬴ɢؾڷΧ˼һͿжģؾսʿӴϣвС鷳
ӦǶӱ˸䱸ĶԤġҲûżʮۼԶӴ˲ٵ˺սĿѾﵽؾˡ
صߵоʣѾϸսƻⶨľϡ


760 ΧԮ
ڶ߽ϸսƻûʲôģһЩ΢ĩϸССָ
ؾ߽ⶨսƻȫھ½Ƕϵġӱװ˫սľ廷ǣ￪ʼص㣬ȫû⡣
Ϊ䣬ҪվһߵĽǶȥ⡣
Ӳû񱱻Ϊ˱סԼһеɥĲڶӵϽڣϰյʧǺܴ
Ҫǰն߽ĳ湥ֶΣڶϽڵϰյɼ𺦵ġ
սƻʵʩҪĸֶǱҪӵġ
ƻᵽڶǵ䣬ӵı߼žѾϲ£ӵ뼯žϲĶ뼯žȻʮıԮȻǸʮӴžһڳ²ʵ
սƻĿ˶ʮžϣñǣƶӵ뼯ž𶫻ӵ߼ž
ΪؾʵʩֶεͬʱչһƴǺбҪġߵͩţǸǳֵôµĺõط
ͩǵ۹Ļᣬ˶뵽ؾУܵ˺ܸ߹Ĵ˵Ͷؾһϣĵ·
ͬսƻϺеļƻǱҪȴһƯĹս
սͩݣͩ˵ؾѾ˵̹Ķ˵Ҳ׺ŷ
µս߽սƻ΢ȻǴӶǵʮؾӶ뼯žıѹ뼯žıѹؾٴ·öʮؾ𹥶ӵ뼯ž档
ͻʹӲ뼯žıؾҪĿ꼯ڶ߼žϡؾֱ嶫뼯ž߼ž֮䣬֮ҪؿǣͿʵַָΧ߼žսĿġ
ʱͩ棬СĴ߼ž
սƻܿöؾͰ޸ĺսƻȫʵʩ
жľǶǷؾؾ·žʮؾݵĲ֮ϽƵ뼯žԱʮλüչӪƽ붫뼯žǰزʮλüڱء
ӽӵϢϾе㾪ˡԮɳȥʱ򣬶ĵľǶؾԼжû뵽ԮĲܵؾôͶԼķγɹ̬ơ
Ҫɣߵؾʮ֮ڣľսҪʮϵıŸҸؾ⻹ǽؾԼĲзµǰ´̵ġ
ûжԥߵľӺ󳷶ʮ뼯žĴ󲿶ңӦΧķݵһü̵ķȴؾؾҪбµĻ͵ЩطҰɡ
ؾЦãûأ˼ҾֱӲˣ빥һǣסı¿ɺֱӾͶ㵽ڳһϷصӡ
û뵽ӾȻᵽ˷লľԱĵزǾòУҲӦԵֿһȻˡ
ʵʧ˶ʵڽʿǰһͳ˧־;ģһʿǻô룿
ͳ˧£ʲôҪ˲£
Ⲣؾ·ͦƻؾ·ȡоĲԣ˶սϵǰء
ڱߵ·ؾǰأϾͶԶӵǰչڻûؾĵ沿ӸӵǰزӽӵϷȫٽĳС
Ҫǣסӵ뼯žҪöֳϦĸо
ڶ뼯žսƵͻܱߣؾڳһµͷػϺͻеĳǷͷͺؾҪһµ˼ʵϣǰߵĽʿõǴ
ӷǰؾݵûؾֱӹˡӵȴ£ؾ֣ŻջԮȥĴܹסԼĵˡ
ؾȴǲŶӵߣҹӷߵͻ֣ڱƵ޷˵ıԵˣϽ뼯žгʮӣЭܹǳء
˿Ѿʮҹϸǡ
Ƕӵ뼯žϷžľҪǳأͿֱж϶뼯ž߼žϵΪ߼ž
ôǣҲ֪λõҪԣǵפﵽ˶ʮ򣬶ڱԲǰ£ʮפ뿨ǰʮıԱڿܹʱӦ
ȡΧԮսȳԵǰʮĲӣȻ¿ǡ
ѲӷΪ֣ʮؾΧסǣؾǵȺ򱱷ǵԮӡ
ʮؾڿǵܰӪÿӪ䱸ųڣԿǽвϵڻ
ؾؾڻû찵أ޵ؽ׼սԵ沿Ӷؾȴؾľѻǰսʧ
沿һսˣﻹ˼ȥӪ׷ӻؿǡ
ؽۼƽؾ޹ʮֵܲӷѶϢ
ʮӣǸ䱸ԮӡʮӵĽʮֲԸҲֻÿԮ
ڰ·ϣʮԮԴӵؾؾûֶ֮Σڰ·ϵţ˫ڼĵˣͷͳ˹ȥ
ؾսʿϸִûԶʹǿĻеԷͻģΪռƶؾս
ײһʱؾսʿ滨޴ľе¶ףһִεɨ䣬ӰŵʮӾ˵˱滨ɨ֮¡
սҵȥӵĴϰԵıתӡؾսʿ׷ɱʮɱ£˲ӡ
ǵʱ򣬿ǵķѾǧٿˡɵ˿ǵİϣеĿǾ
ӵʩΪŰŭԹﵱԲ˵˶˵УպθɣǵľҪѵʶѾսϡͶһ·翹촷۵ˡ
˵ؾֹͣڻ˰Ŀʱ䣬һʱ޹ˣؾչԵĹ
ԮϢ˿ؽ޴ĴҾһвĶǵľĸŻ䡣
ľ£ؽͶ
ʮؾϽӹܿǣָϰÿͶľϼӹ̿ǵĳǷ


761 
֣öӺߵļžΪ𾪡
ΪǵĶʧɲһǳص䣬־ŶӵžָؾĿĲжϣҪԵ߼ž
һӾëˣϽѽټһôƽĿǰơ
öû뵽ǣĽ⾹Ȼʱ˶ؾ䡣
Щ˵ǣ뼯žͱؾвڳʮǰ£ԮѾǲܵˡ
Ψһѡ߼žزսȴԮļžس֮ٴ򿪽֡
ΪӦϴͨߵϵϧһд۶ؿǡǵǰ֮ͰǰΪǵ䣬ӺͱӵֱѾˣԮȻҪƵ˰Χڲʹôͷⱻ䡣
ǲô˵ж˵ҪǿǰԼ˵жˡ
һۣʧ˶ʮıҪߵʮ𣬵µĽԵġ
ǴͨҪḶ޴ܹ豾ӵľʿǳʲôǣͨǣ¼ȵĶھӵľʿǸĴ
Դͨǵ壬ѾԶԶսϵ壬ҪڶսֵԶӰ졣
ؾո¿ǣδǷδȫָؾҲ࣬¶صĴʱ
˸˵Լļ⣬Ͼ⵽ͬŵΧ˵ʲô۷ǲ˵ʵķԱȣһϵķʵʩǶƱػܵʧ
˶ʵʩΪ˵ۻǰԼҵʿ·Ƶģؾҷ᲻ؾҾڲڼ鶼˵
Ӷʱͷޱȣû׼⣬µĳиû⡣
˳˸⣬ȡͶƱķʽһ졣
һ⣬ȻȡͶƱֿƹʵֶξ
£ؾʵʩռ˾ԵϷ磬鶫߼žҪԼأȴ²֧ܵԮ
ִͨǵƱ
ɢ˻ᣬöĩղԶϽȥˡ
ڿУĵľǶӲϧһдۻǡ
Ϊؾ㣬ҪʱġʱҪǶӺ߼ž͹ǣȲ˵ܱܲסʮؾܷȫ˶Ǹֵûɵ⡣
һ춼ûжǵĳǷѾָĲ࣬¹ķݵҲģˡ
Ҵ⣬ִؾӣǿǵķͬʱڿʮλãפʮؾΪԤӣʱԮǡ
ֱǱ޽ùŴӿǳɵͩ
ҲûԼҪͩµ뷨˵ͩʾԼΪؾκε顣
ͩɵЭ飬ؾ¸ͩһݣһͩһڵĸ߶ȨͩҪؾ쵼λԼһΧЭͬؾս
ڣͰЭ廯
ǰѲĸ߼죬ǵ۹еؾ߹ȫ뵽ͩǰָ
ؾҪԱ棬ʽͩΪͳ򣬾ͰͩԭеĵԼΧ
ԼΧڣͩԼһȨؾøԤΧڵоؾΧڣפֻ˹ģĲӣԱõĹȨ
λֻҪǲıɱˣʮˡͿָһλѡϮ档
϶˵ͩĺŵԣҲͬʱȷͩؾľϵٴ룬ǵ۹Ͻôؾǣʧˡ
ؾҪԱͩʾףأμʢ磬ԻصԼĸλϡ
ʱľʵǶǵ۹Ĺսԡ
ͩʢ磬Ӱ¼ʢĳ洫ﵽǵ۹ÿһ䣬ҲӺͱĵռ
ֱڵռͶذը
ؾĶģĿŴͶͺˡ
ͩǵ۹ҵˣһȡǵ۹˵ԭͳ߾ͷ̣֮Ǳİ
ڣؾȻͩƵλϣϮ棬غ־ǾԶ͹㲩ġ
ͩõĴĳЩȵġرˣ˼ѾôԸؾϣĥôԼԴδܻؾ̵ô
ڿǺ֮ͩĶ߼žѾȹϵϣתˡ
ϣͩľӣ˼ԼĵرУҪȥͩΰɡ
ҪռݿҪؾȹͩף
ȥΨһ·Ƕܹرǣ߼žл¿ǣǹأ泷еʤġ
ϣŶӹشԮˡ
أ˼ؾΪʲô¿ǣѵѪô¿ΪľǳԵ߼ž
Ԯ뼯žˣȥԮ
ǵ͵ļȣĽࡣ
߼ž˧ԼӪдѣ˰𣬰µĽټᡣ
ȫʧˣ˭֪ؾҪʲôԼ̯ôһλ䣬ҲֻܿЦˡ
ؾļƺܴ󣬶Զӵ뼯žʩǿѹ˶ؾΪļƴһʱ仹ڲʰ߼ž
һʱڲ֣Զڲֻ֡Ҫؾռݿǣ˼Ҿеʱ䣬߼žӲˡ
λѾؾָҿǹǲˣͻΧλΪΣ
߼ž˧˵ĺȫͬģֻ˵ֻλ˧һλ˧뿴µôġ
˧ôİɣһλ˵˭óؾǳԵ֮ûж֣ûкʵıڱͻΧЦɣؾʮڿǣʮԤӣټͩں滢񣬱ϾǸ
Ļڳڽһ¹
ѵôؾڳӹϣûˡ˧˵
˵λٴοЦһĽͩ˼ңٿǣ˵ĺ֣֮ôĶȲأ
⻰˧İ𣺡ʲôѵϷĻҪ췴ôĽͩǸӣǷǱ֮ƾһ㣬һͨеΪ


762 в
ҪƽⶥñһĽ϶ǻϻ̳Ͽֹˡ
ɽ죬ĽȴǵһЦ
˧ֻʵʵ˵ѣҪȥĻʴȲɱңҲɥؾ֮֡ʮҪΪĻ治֪мܻ
˧ûп죬ǰĿתĽ죬ƽ͵ʵǲҲģ
ڽû˵ĬһУҵʶġ
ڲۣ֮Ϊֵǵǰ;ģˣɿۣһҪмǡһҪ˵£ɱҷˣ
˵˧ڽ뿪˧ʡ
˧̬ȣڽ˸ĲɣڶӵľУڴһű޿ΣȻĻ򶪹٣򶪵
ڽû˼ȥȵľ񣬶ǺԼҪõĽһоͳ˧˼ȥҶãͳ˧ѰҺ·ˡ
ҹʱ֣ڽõ˽ϵ˧ʿᡣ
˧ʣ˧˴һϢͩҪԼ˧ҵ
ڽ⽻飬ֲ漰дģжҪЭԼŰˣôҹ
ϸĽĥһ˧˼
ھ֮УɢߣԾӵĽҲã˧ҲãʵܵļӣаɱɱھӵУҪʲô飬ҪܿЩ˵ߡ
˧ҲèˣҪȻҲڰʱ嶴ʴʵĽ죬ΪôС°ڽټһ
վӵʱ̵ˣ
˧һƬƵʵвͻɱ֮
Ĭ˰죬ǸʴʵĽһվеүôŪĥĥġս͸ؾƴһͶġԥԥأĵǻô룿ĥǵֳǿɾ̫ôԩˡ
˧ô˵Ҳǵ۹һӸϽҲǵ˾һġô˵ȻܲԿġ
һ죬˵Լ뷨
˧ңڽ϶ͬ뷨
ȫʵнϣϽ߶˸㴮ͨ۴ɱ⣡˧ɭ
ʵϾѾˣϵ˵Ƿֹͨе˸ƻ˵ͨе²ͨе˸ƻֻҪܸ㴮˭Ҳɴģƻƾ;ˡ
ͩڲһٶǷǳжģ͵ȫȷԼؾеλĺϷ
ͩҲ֪Ŀʲôͩ飬Լ綫߼žܹȰЩˣܱӲҪá
ȷͩݵʱ򣬾㡣
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ڵڶʱ֣˧ͩݵмش档ͩҲϻȰ˧ΪԼҲΪ룬ͶΨһĳ·
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ͩеʱͩϸ˵ͩشҲûκε谭
ֻҪ߼žؾᱣ֤нʿȫһᰴнʿĸԸŴ
Ը⵱ģؾԷ·ѣл磻Ը⵱ģɱؾԭھʲôְģؾ֮ʲôְ
˧ûеӦ˵ԼҪȥһ£Եһ£Ͼͻл
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еĲŶǶͬõ飬һͶѾûκεˣΪ۲ݡ
죬߼žǱ߻ûϢͩԼȥ߼žһˡ
ЦֹͩԷӦǴ۶ɡôĲӣ˭Ҫȡ档ؾүݵλģȥ̸һѾǸˣȥ̫ǵۣ
ͩж˵лؽ񰮣Щ˺ú̸̸ȡսϷı߻ҲǺܺôҸ˵ʧ㲻ʲô
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ͩݷĸۣһʱ벻ܹв߼ŵĴ
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ڲˣôɣ
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ˣؾڶԷûͶĳӣԷ⡣ؽȻͳ˧ҲܶЩδѵԸԤɡ
ʵϣؾϣԷͶģһ̴ʮӣǵǶľ
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ߵ飬ʣβĹˡ
ûʱͶ뵽鹤УߵĹиͩԼϷɻص˶ؾ뼯ž
߲һһȡǰʤش̼ؾսʿӲ֮ȫؾսʿ߰սҪ
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ָĿǰؾԶȡѹԵӹɵģ˶ĶֲһäĿֹҲҪõġ
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꾡ӰϣϸµķɲЩšԭؾӰϣûĸܣھҪٵԼͷˣٿǵӰϣȻûֱð亹
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ŶԽԽ󣬲ɧҵҲԽԽ࣬ҥҲΪؾԱͼӴԽԽס
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Ʋǿκεϣ治֪㻹ʲô취˵һС
еľӣϽеϰȫǣֻʮֻҪؾµʱ䣬Ȼ벻ıġʱһϻλ
ӱ˵ĻһӾˣʲôȻҪϽеϰȫƳǣɥĲ飬붼ġ
УԲУѾûκζʧȥˣҪҪ㣬顣
˷ļµЦȻ䣬һ̧֣һ˶ӵĿУӾһһӵ˶
һɾΰľʹԶӵĸʼȫӣһŤڵأΪζľʹöĸо
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766 ɽȼķŭ
һϮµļһźɫɴһС顣
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ʱ򣬶ӵ沿ӿڶǽȫٵ£ؾѶӵĵ沿ӻնɱ˰ࡣ
ɨս뼯žԮأ֯޸ǡ
ͬʱѶؾĸ߼춼е˶ǣڽ˲׻Ͷߵµе
еװӵ£ؾģսģʽҪشĸ
ڶϮһ£̵ļ֣ôսжʧԼ˶սҪؼռ죬˺ܴǷǳֵ˼ġ
صУǻڶԵ˵ķʶ̡Ϊ˻ƻΪû뵽˻սʤԼ
ˣڽսԹ˼УһҪĴ㣬ѵ˵һҪԼƵΣնԴ
ָӺͱӵսԹ˼һҪִУڻûпʼĴս֮ǰžһҪΧµװչģʵս
ؾϽԱ沿¸ı佨ʵսԶԮЭͬսһϵеľؾ߽Ŷܼݡ
У͵սҲսʿǴԵĴ
Ըľݽ˳飬ЧдµսȽ⡣
ΨһЩǵľǶߵ򵯵ԶԶؾװӵҲûж𳡽дߴ٣ߵ򵯿оģжิӣжһ
ʱ򣬱߼ž漱ս
ӱϵʮķԸĺؾƵϽڲȡϮսȸսסⲿִʹ֮޷ɳƽǰ߾ʵԵв
ͼǵڶ߶Զʵʩ˴ݻԵĴ֮ݻ߹һټ𱱻Ӳ
սͼǺаʵֵģΪؾĵڣϰնڱӺ֮ǣԮͱΪӵˣǲڵֵ֧ġ
Ϊ˷ֹԮô͵ķʹ󲿶ӣоϲ˷ǳܼķڻ𣬶Ͼ˱ԮĿ·ߡ
ӵıԮֻܵоôĲн۴ǶߣӲؾϼӡ
˾٣ɳСɲɧȫеġ
ʵϣĺҲȷʵˡ
ϮŵĶӱԮڵþƣһսûСڴһ¾ܵСɲӣʮеϻϣʹĸо
һʱ䣬ӱԮж쳣Ҫǰٶȱϣûи޷ӻʦġ
˭֪ӱϵԮûдﵽԤڵЧɳƽﱱȴǳʮǾţɳƽؾչ˷Ľ
ʧǵĴ£ؾΧķȫͻƣǣͳӪأǰؾչ˼ҵĵս
ҿɳƽĴ㣬ͻΧؾ޽רǵķ£ɳƽָӾӽ뵽ĹǾһ
󾪣ߺͱߵսͻȻȻżԵģԤıľĲ߻
ּǣڱߺͶǣؾʵϸؾǲһεġ
֮ؾôΪ˼ҾƹˤˣֻҪɱؾͲһֶΡ
ؾҪ˼սʿȫϰȫǵ̫࣬ʩչֽš
ôԿ
һ£Ŀǰ治ܴ⣬Ǳ߻Ƕߣ˿Ǳķ뷨ս
ӶǸովս˻ܹھֲսжؾв
Ե֮ƾһҪΪҪֶεսǿĻ
붫ߵؾ죬ԶߵΪؾսĺĲ㹩ӦڽһʱڣҪսԷΪײҪ˵ǾչĴģģʽս
صǣиոĶߵ򵯣в׻еϣߵս
ɳƽǵоҲǺĵõģΪԤͻؾǣؾսľ棬ɳƽ޽СͳǱз
СͳǱ޽úд⣬ǽխڳǱĳǽһ¶ȣ¶ȣǾͿצڳǽ
ɳƽѳǱǽŪ쳣⻬֬ǽһ취ûУͻ
Խǵı֮ԽʢԽҪϳ壬ԽǽϾԽȥ
ɳƽڳǽϰŵǾѻ֣һ¾һͷȻɱ˵Ǻܴ󣬵ؾһʧûУҪġ
ʮǣΧס޽ĸǱÿǱ涼а˾ǣЩҽУ쳣׳ۣĸǱû˿İ취
ҵɳƽɳƽĴҲ޲ڡ
ؾʱûΣգöߵⶫʱȲҪ¶ȵҪʱһӲŹء
ɳƽ˶ߵԺҲⶫ˹籩¶һԭҪľⶫһ¶ԷӦ֮ǿûطȥˡ


771 ɱʽ
ɳƽоԵʱСǱ֮µǺȻȫˡ
ɳƽñӷǾþù£˷ʱûʲôͳˡ
ǣɳƽɳ򣬴̽һ±ǾŵĶ
ȹеߣѾѱѹСĵڣ˱ӾͲôһµľˡ
ֻҪߵܹƳװоܹԱӷĹ
ؾͷ۵ɾǾţⶫԵγݵ㣬ĵҩʹãǽսȫѹؾĿֲڡҪЩסӶǺͱսĹķûõġ
ɳƽСͳǱķЧͲڶʱ޽СͳǱסͨҪǿʵְѱӵǾŷסЧ
ֻҪ˱ӵĻռ䣬ߵװӣӸҲ͵ˡ
뷨õɳƽ֧֣˷ؾ򱱻ӵĵ̿ʼһ޽СͳǱ
Ϊ˷ֹǴӳǱ䴩޽СǱϵĸߵľѻֵĹ۲㣬ͨ۲㣬ʵʩɹģԶ
СͳǱϼ򵥣ڽ죬ؾܿ򱱻ӵ̵ĽͨҪ޽˲ٵСͳǱ
ЩСͳǱҪƬˣɳƽؾפķУӦԵסµĲ
ؾĶȫ鵽ˣؾСǱزԣñһ˱ؽĸо
ӸϽȥǸصĺˣŵʹߴˣҪҷⵯ֮أҪû취ķҵֻԴа
Ȼ˶СǱƬҲͷۣǳ岻ȥפСͳǱؾΪ˳ǽб£ǽµķΧͲǣܹԶ̾еɱǡ
Ȼɱ˵ЧȲһһƬǰװȥģؾûκεв˵ʧܡ
ռƻؾֻҪϹʱ䣬ܹشıʷʱõİ취ҪȻҲἸΰѱԵıӷµعӲдľ
ҲӵԶǱߵ鱨ؾһרǵĶеⶫ󣬶¾һĿЧ
ֶƷƺѣҪʱƲܹװӡ
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׼һ£ϾҪСͳǱȺʵз˰죬
ӳһ˵ʹߣҾؾѾ޷ԿˣܲԳְҰ
ˣϴθһ棬ͭس֣һǽµ󷨳֣⵽ˣΪֵܹôزҲˣҵʾһ¡飬аţ
˵ɫ࣬ü˵

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ǴӱʮǣؾĴ£ҲûͻƵĿܡ
ɳƽҪľϸѲؾؾʼմһָ߶ȵĽ䱸״̬һͿˡ
һ죬۲ڵؾսʿȻ㱨Ϸϳ˴ĴͷľӴӷڼٵĶ顣
󾪣սַⲿֲӦǶɹԮĺͲ;˷ջݵôôεоͷأ
û磬ĺȸϵˡ
ĺ棬;õķվݵ㱻ݻٴеķվݵؾսʿȫԭв֪д
ˣӦǱ˳ˣȻܵķ£ɲӦԮֵġ
Ȼ뵽һֿܣؾϿ뵽ʵս״̬С
ɳƽհﵽؾСͳǱȺıͳ˴ǡСͳǱȺ棬沿ڲڹȺ
鷳ˣ
СͳǱȺ˼룬ҪԵǱģǳķΪǵؾĵ̣ûԴŵķá
ѾûʱˣǾţѾСͳǱȺʼгˣ
ؾһ𿪻𣬶ʱǳըһƬƬγ˻һ׳۷ߡ
һʮǳӣһӾͱһ룬ʣµǣûг嵽СͳǱȺ棬ͱؾĽˡ
ȻǶĽԤУ϶СͳǱȺʵһʮǲεĽ
Ľüͷϵ˼ŶԲߡ
ȻԷòƴ۵ֶγСͳǱȺģĳؾĴҩһؾսʿĲ޴ĳʹؾսʿľƣ
ǲͬѪսʿǲҪģǻȡĽǻĺܡ
Ҫǣĳȡ˳ԣ׼ʱ䡣
л֮£ؾδܹ
ţСͳǱȺĶԮѾӪؾСͳǱȺһٿը
СͳǱȺǵķЧܺã沿ӵػȴûرõĵЧ
սУؾƾԶƣڰѵ˵ӪȫѹҴݻٵСͳǱȺڣȫڱԸˣûڵİš
ΪɳƽԤϲģĵˣ
ǻιµСͳǱͳ˶һܹγɳǿһˡ
涫ԮӪСͳǱȺش˺һڻСͳǱȺĳǽͱǧٿס
ʱٵӪѾʵˣɳƽָؾսʿսԼ뿪СͳǱȺ
ڿм͵˶ԮӪϡȫӵ򶫻ԮӪնȥ
Ű׵ĵâǲĿ꣬ںͲڵʿһ𹥻
â֮һķѣȻأڵսʿѪɣҽж
գۼ䣬ھľ±ˡתҪһڼȥʱ򣬺Ȼһ΢ӹ
һɽ߲˹
ϽͣסΣһ͵ϮԼùȥ
һ˵ѾƯڰ֮С
̧ͷһǸ˾ڰУ͸沿ĺɴҲܸоԷζסԼ
ֵĵңݻٶԮӪˡΪ֮ƣҪɵһпʵսϵת
˰գһָȵҲףɥĲ飬Ϊʲô


772 
ĿĶ˵Цô˵þһֶΣɥĲͼͳһǵ۹أ
ɴ۾ֱţԷȻ˵ǿʶĻ
ѵûпǵ۹ڵ໥ɱͿ̿ô˱ūŰյһǱĥ󱯲ҵȥĳͳһǵ۹һ˼󣡡
Խ˵Խߣеˡ
һЦ·Цһ㣬еһжעõģƾһҲʴʣ㣬опһеĴڣҲҪԼ档ƾͼͳһǵ۹ҲԼ
һ˵һ죬ߵߣ˵ҲӦ޺ˡ㣬ͳһǵ۹˭Ҳ޿赲ģ˭赲ؾͳһĽŲ־ֻһ
˵ţͺһ趯еľ³ʮɵĵâź˱ޱȵնȥ
˵ҲʶһâȽϷܡ
Ʋˣźչ˿籩һĹ
ϣĵâݺҵĹ֮£˾ǾκеĸƼһƾ籩ңɾûһΣա
Щ꣬˵ٶʵֲ̫ˣԼƴȫȴԷ½ǶմҪǲȡҵֶΣȥûôġ
뵽ҪԼһֱŵˡ
ͬʱƺҪʲôͻأһѾԶа֮Զ
Ϊ㲻ɣ㣬ǲ㽻֣ʱҲˣͲˣ
ŭͦҪ׷ˡ
ȴǴЦ¿ɲص㰡ɣؾܲӴ
˵꣬Ʈﳤȥ
ͷһԼͺ˽սʱ򣬵ϵѾ÷ǳˡ
ԮӪѾСͳǱȺǽˣǳǽûбȫݻ٣沿Ҳܹ׷Խȥ
Ԯĵ沿ѾںǰƣӪҲ֮ǰƣҪСͳǱȺʵʩ
һŭ𣬳˶ԮӪֳ־һҿԮڴݻٴԺѹѹʮֻóСͳǱȺ
̧һΣա
ѶʮͶؾӽڻ󣬱ǵͶÿξһ˴εĳؾڻҩѾԽˡ
ҵɳƽУҪϽͻΧ
ɳƽһ˵ؽһǣܶĵطҪ֪ͨĳУҲϽг롣ȻĻǿܲĹһֱ룬ĳУǾͷǳ鷳ˡ
ˣɵó̾һ
ȻĪƳԱֻͭһפΪսĺʹ˲ٵϰչȥЭ
ɳƽĶԣܲĹؾ󳷣ܹ׷ģǾԲڹµؾ߾ֹͣ
뵽ĺͣĺ֯ͭǵϰճĪƳǡͭǳפͳǷڻһϵеľе⣬Աĺϳͭǡ
ͭǵĺͣɳƽ˵ɳزסˣҪͻΧϽͻΧˣϺ󡣡
˧Ϻ󣬼ؾһصķ羰ˡ
ɳƽҲĥߴϽ֯ͻӣ֯ʵʩ˵ľϸڡ
׵ɳƽԴǧͻԱСͳǱĶϱڲԫУ򶫻Ԯͳ˹ȥ
ԮΪӪɵˣûЧڻѹɳƽͻӣԶӵԮѹϣͼϵؾͻӡ
ؾõǷֶͻİ취ɳƽǧˣֻǸؾһȱڣڶ˴ؾɳƽͻӿҪ͵˽Ӵϵʱ򣬾СͳǱȺɱ˳
ɳƽͻСӺܿ챻ԮûˣڶؾһֳԮߣڶû󣬵˴εؾִСͳǱȺг
ĳԮܵ˳ʯһ֮£ȴؾĲҲǿʮؾʱ򣬶ԮЩֲסˡ
ʮһӱһӣؾг
Ԯ־һӱˣΧס˼ңڱ˼ҳɢϾ˱ҪؾӵǳˣҪ¾¼ˡ
Ǳָǵĳ棬Ѿûеҩˣеȫݻ٣ʱ׼ս
ǧѾ嵽СͳǱ֮£ؾսʿþѻͱ滨ЩǣΪСͳǱǽƣǸͶؾʲôв
ӿؾڣ֪ؾѾûеҩˣߵĶʮϣӪСͳǱΧʵʩޱȵڻ
ӵɳƽѾƶԮϢԼΧؾͻΧ
Ԯʵ̫ùˣոձɳƽؾһӭؾ
Ȼؾ࣬ԶûɳƽĴͣ˲˳ĶԮʧ֮ؾĴͷɷǣԮûƴ뷨
˵ʵڵģʮɵĵâԮҪؾóһ·ġ
ԮΧȫˣҪ㿪һ·ûռ䣡
ؾ·ϣԮĸͲǸѪƴǸϽ㿪
㲻ĶԮʿݺĵâɱʬһأܱߵʿǱԼ˸ѹķɧҡ
̤
ѾСͳǱȺıӿһУƿڴԮֱûаã硣
ڱӵ߳һЦûǱô˵ѵ㲻þԼһô
⻰ӵһǳɫ˰ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ΣЦʹߣҺ޶ۣʹָ㡣
ȴһҲûиӵ˼ѾɱΧˣĿǰؾڱΨһĿɹݵͭǡѵҲôϿ֣֯׼ͭǣ
ӱ˰죬еķŭûбŷųųӦ˺ˡھԵʵǰûеӱֳһ˿˿˼ġ
ؾһ·ɱͭǡʱǰ˵ɳƽѾʼֲͭǵķˡ
ɳƽϽ˵ԼĵġĿǰ̬˶ǵʹҲԽԽˣҪסͭųǸͲʵҲûʵʵ塣
̤ʵѡͭΪݵ㣬סӵǺͶԮһʱ䣬פ˿ں;ӵĪƳӮʱ䣬޽ܹ˿ֲĻϹķ


773 ݴ
ͬɳƽĽ飬ͭǿԷģĪƳȴǾԲܷ
ĪƳǲפ˴ľӣвٵͣ
ΪصǣƳϵĹеĳǳؽѾʼĪƳһʣµĿɾͿ̿ˡ
һĺǱҪӽĪƳǵķͭɳƽоܼصʱ䳤һ㣬ĺӮø޹̷صʱ䡣
ͭǵķ⣬ܹסͭصĻͭǾֻٵУʱİվͻ
ͭص۾ǽڼ̵ĳǽǷ֮ϵģצܹɽڿյĴ˵ҪɹķǷǳѵġ
ҪǵڹȥͭǵĻƱػΪ󷨶ܹӱǸƵģһսǳѡ
ԥʱ򣬳ͭ򣬳˴ӡ
û뵽Էô죬üͷһ壬ʵֻ沿ӣǼкǣ
ؽһɫ沿ӣǶǱԮʮ
ʾȥһ£Ȼһ⡣
ɳ㿴µľǾźŵʹáǺηص㣬ǲӵľеֻŵĸ־еǰ£Ż൱
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΢΢صͷЦû˼еСˣЩҲԼĲ£ùһǣŲЩ˵ءҪЩʹãһûа취һǻлᲫһġ
ɳƽ͵˵ĪǡؽҪݴ֮ƣ
ⲿ־ӱս쳣ƣ͡ǰؾı׼ҲˡǴӶûͣովһѪս֮ʦܲƣӭͷʹһ£ȡúܺõսġ
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ӺĲӱһ壬ȻʮǱʱ򻹵£ӣ¼ܶͭǷ
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Ǹصĺ˲ô
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ǵʹڽսϴѾ˺ܺõЧһñӳʲôζ
ʮؾͭǣͭʮλðںͣȴǵùĶԮĵ
ؾͭеϢϱԮĳ򱨸Ԯͳ˧
λͳ˧һɵôͷۡ
λͳ˧ԼĲշתͲˣʿܴ˧ˣͳ˧Ҳûа취ԼɧҪѪֶѹƲ㲻ûֱġ
мڴˣλͳ˧絽Ӱ˵ˣԹһٲˣͬʱܲƾӣһ˵
ԴǸλͳ˧˱ҪӱӵеΥԴá
λͳ˧ʵҲûа취ⶫɲġ
ΧСͳǱȺʱ򣬶Ԯ˲СĿͳ˧Ҫ˵ֵʵ̫ˣо
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ûõĶӦþ͵ǶµķϣŸһĻᡣҪٰˣСĹͷ
Ԯͳ˧ǴһӵԹԼĲ¿ͭǵģозֲûЭͬоλͳ˧籱ϣʮǻǰС
ȴ⵽˱Ӹĳ˵ԼͽʮҪԮ
һӵĻλͳ˧ſƵĴ·ˡǧ뻹û뵽ؾȻͭǳڵϵԼ
λͳ˧ϵĺһӾˣݴǾǳҲʵõۡŶԷ˼ؾȴץסԼƣоս㡣
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Ҳû뵽ԷȻô޳ܣ
ıڼƱȻˡҲܹ⣬֧ӴӶʼϢܵһ·ϱĺɳСɲûɧţ˯þ
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һ룬ЩӵԮҲ˵ģȺĶ簡
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Ҫģܵ㹹÷أ
ǣ˳
ʮؾսʿź򶫻Ԯ˹ȥ
ԮһŵȶˣϽͻǰӵĽ㱨
һǱ뽨ˣӽսΣԶеѹסؾĲ
˶ǰһԷµͣټֳǰڻ
ǧֿ첽ǰؾǰ棬һſһ¶֮ǽ
ݡ
ԮԶ̾еʼѹؾؾǽȫסˡ
ؾĶǽʵϲķΪֵܵλõʱ䡣
ڶֵڻ£ڴŶչķչ˶Ρ
кö֮󣬶͵سڴӶǰĶӲӾһٿ䡣
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ڵʿҸģһӾˣڵĻʿʹġֻڵϴˮ޷Ч
һʿļµĺĴײðʹȥ
ڵѣǿ⣬Էʿɵֻ
һЩŽʿǿһ䣬۾˶ʱʧʿ뵽ޱȵĿֻУһײЩ췢Ͼ͵û
尡һȣؾսʿͳ˹ȥƾޱȡ
һ滨ӣЩؾʿһ߱ܣһ򶫻ӵĲɨ䡣
֮䣬ԮųƬĵ¡ܿ죬ûȵĳìֳ嵽ǰӵĴͿʼˡ
һսתۼͱһɱ
ؾսʿһ׷ŶӴƨ׷ɱƣĶԮûסȻչ˵˼
һͻǰӣĲҲ룬׵ظӣ


774 սͭ
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ҪЩѱӴǾźŶɢˣƵһ춼һź
˺ôľӲŰµľ£á
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Ǳһѵ̬ȥԮЩһһ˾赲ܣ˵Ͷ˺ˡ
ţؾѣΪʲô˰
ҵ˶Ԯͳ˧һٴȥŰˡ
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λͳ˧Ŭ£ӵԮŽ£
ӿԼĲӣûսؾͱԼѸ䡣ȻѾ£ˣ˶˵ĲвٵҾĲ̤ɥ
ǿɱ˵ģӰԭԤļƻоһرҲСˣԮǣЭͬеѡ
Ӱͭ湥񽻸ѣӲʲôİֻǣһаɣ
ܿ죬ԶԮΪ湥ӼйͭĹ̬ͭΧȫչˡ
ϻرӿǳͭΧǵĴһرӲȡ˷ǳĴʩӦͭΧǵ
ֱûɳǳ棬嵽ǵ޷ǿûͬʶҲų˽ȥ
ͭΧǵֱӱɳǸӲƽˣ
Ҳûϵӻ˲ϧƽȻӪڻ𸲸Ǻңǳٶʵ̫ˣڻļ϶нҶڻ𸲸ǵǳ嵽ǵ
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ɱǱһӶˡƺƴԮĶΣǵλðӪͭǷڻ
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֪ЩȥƽΧǵǵͣؾڻʹ򲻵ˡ
ɹؼؾ̶̶Ȳؾ̣ʲôأ
ԮӪһ˿İڲʮֱ׼ڣȥڵؾǽؾ͵ڵ汬ը
ԮڸǵǺƣǵĵطͭأʲôã
ܻܵ˶Ԯָͳ˧ıӴôڸʲô
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ڹ˼ҳǽأ˵˼ܹôģӶ޷ҵݴԼеķŭˡ
ǿסҪʹⶫԮͳ˧ͷϾ˼ͳ˧Ҫ˼Ҳǰʹһͳ˧ŻܵӰ죬;ĲȵһѲӣ¾Ҫʧˡ
ĲӣǰӪǰٽڻӼǴм
Ԯͳ˧евζоԼСҲܵвʱûּۻ۵أһҧҲó˵үǵţɤӺȫ幥
ԮǶˣЩʿ첽ѼУһǰͺǰ߾޾Ԩһ
ӳץˣԼЭͬսںŶԮǰ塣
ղűǱߵǵǱɳƽģһؾֱûˡ
ؾսʿҲѪȵĳסˡûڷأԼ𰡡
ӪԤ
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һľǰöԮͳ˧ԼָӣǻصԼǸ
֮չƣʵиԶĴ㡣µûߵͭƽµشﻹбһִ
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ǣͭصʵϾؾ޷ӦԺֵĵˡ
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ۿŶԮӪģˣ´ؾӪ
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ؾһͺ䣬ԮӪûвúؾͱ졣
ʱ򣬶Ԯĵ沿Ѿ嵽ͭǽ¡


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ǽڶӣЩָͲ׼ֻҪб㿪ˡ
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еʱ򣬾޴ɱ岿ӣǿֻȴܹĵ״ݻһ֧ӡ
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ˣһѣûǣؾעؾ棬ԼӵľҲ˶ܵ
ѾûʱȥЩˣսѾ˰Ȼĵز
ؾͨڵļιص˱ǵβҪĹĳҲ뵽˷ļޡ
ڱҪȴˣҪٴǿʹõĻ»ըţǽᱻը졣
׽ӿϲﻹҵʱ䣬ʹٴη档
ؾӪֻʵʩ޵ڻ𸲸ǣƵۿҪ嵽ǽ档
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ǲͨʿһѰҶܵĵطǾäĿִһ˼ǰ塣ĺը˼ķ㣬һ嵽ĵطкը
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еؾӵ˵ؾɣʮִݴӳǽ뵽иأϳǳ͡
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û뵽ȻܹϳôݳˣҪ֪ϳǿʮǾŰؾȫˣôô׾ͱͻأ
ǹս˶ʮǣɻжʮǺʮ㹻ؾһʱˡ
ʵôпᣬϳǲõȫûűؾ˳ϳǵķôͷڻﳤȥ
ε£˲ӣ׷ѾûˣʱĪƳɳԮ˭˭˵ء

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ĪƳ⣬һֱϰķ£ĺûţǹǣҲ׹ĪƳǡ
½ƵĶߵ˹Ͼ񱱻ߵ֣߿ȼһ£ߵҪ
ûãĪƳΧ棬ץ˲ٵĵзӱ˵ͶģʼʱΪЩǼϸץϡ
ɺӱԽԽ࣬Ѿ
ܵľЩͷͻһ¡ЩӱĽǶǶӵˣΪսץȥ˲սƳǣЩ˲Ż
ǿСʮԮҪǶƳǣǿ鷳


776 ı
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ĥ˰죬ǵĪƳǵķѾû⣬óһСֱȥԽǿԣ˵ܹȡһĳɼء
һΣǵսҪǽȣЩƳΪǵľӺϰգȿ˵ɡͷ˵˵֮ת뿪ˡ
ʱ֮һ˴о뿪ĿǸոճ˵ͭء
ɢȥϢϵػظУԽ̽üͷԽǽˡ
ǳֹ۰
ǱӳʿԽԽ٣ӳÿһ˶֣·ֲ顣
򵥵һ±֪˵Ķ滰ڽԮȫƳΪǣ
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Ǹô죿ͭǱߵؾǳ࣬ҪĻʧ»ᡭһıĸǰüͷ˵˭óҪǲСĵĻ㲻ֻܴһˮƱˡ
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Ϊؾͳ˧Ϊؾֻ꣬ҪľǾٻʿȥִУΪ֪ǣǰװ
ʱ˰ҪӿˣȭͷѰʱҪ÷ѰֶΡ
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󷽵ʿЩǣûһΪǵĽǰվأؽ£¸򰡣
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汻Ĳ̤죬ؾ磬ٶȲؽӽͭء
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ͳһĵ·ϱȻģЩȥվᱻʷסϵش˵飬˼סµһĻ
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û˽ӻֱ´˸ɱȥǾɱ˾ͽȣ֪˵ģ

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Ӷں󷽵ķ֮УǻɢűϢʹߣ㱨Ϣ֮󣬱ӱ㽫Ŀ⿴ʹߡ
ʲôԼŰͺã˭ʹֱôһ仰ñһ㶡
ܿ챱ӾЦͷ˵ԸȥֻҪʲôȥֻҪڵһµʱͿˣ
ӦһæϢȥȻⱱҪȴʲôɵǹЦݵʱĵ̲סزһ¡
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ͭæµǽ֮ϣֵ֮ضǣһʿûм
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ıըؾѾһСظռˣֻ˭ûעǸޱȵѾʧˡ
ʱ˳ĵ֮У˶ĵ߹Ѻһˣ
űƽʿʱһֱӺҪľ͸壡ֻһյĹ򣡡
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˶Ǳñɵ׼ˣһᣬ˶мޱȡ
һȥЩϵ֮󣬶˵תߣ˻ǾͻԼûбҪȥʲôԱϾߵҲЩҪ

»ɵȺʼǷӵظڴȥǵֻһĿ꣬ǾǸֻҪǾܹţܹ̫
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Щڷ󷨣۾һЦ˵û꣬û˼άĶǿҲûã
˵ֱӿʼ󷨣ؾΪǿ·
ܿ죬ڳһһ󷨣ȫôһֻǽҵ˿ƣɵر㱻ʮĨɱˡ
ˣˣԼĪʱѾһյˣ´˳˵
ؾʮسţ߻Ƿӵһˡ
ܿ죬ؾȫҲŽӽǧˣ
ؾ뿪˳ǽʱ½ƴܣϿ־ޱȣﺰŵȵǡ
Ѿûа취ٵȥˣΪǽϵѾˡ˫֮ľ̫ˣֻҪһܹɵؾǰ
ܿ죬ؾѾ뿪ͭˣɴӳڳֻлˣûһǣ
ףô£ѵˣüͷһšֱͣӡ
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¡һ죬飬Щ˲˿յء
û׷۾һɣȻ뵽һֿܣ漴غֹͣˣ׼Ŀͭأ
ӳҪٴûëɣ


777 ۏˮ
Ҫ
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һֱԵıһۣվ̲סؿʵؽҪ𣿡
֪Щ˶ףҲûʱֻͣǵͷһЦ˵Զ̽ƽ
˵ݶˣıҲҶʣæһĴȥ
ոմͭܳûжõչ˹̬
䡭
Զ̹еʼŻߣŭıը𣬲ϵغͭصĳǽ
˫һ˫Ӷųǽϵһһǽ֮ȻǰĺܣЩǷ·ʲôûзһ㰲վϱߣֻѪӣؿš
ٶȣ˵͸¶һĨϣƺѾȷĳЩ顣
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ʿΨһ뷨ܹǴͭذȫ룬˳Ż˼ǧˣܲǰװɡ
ųǽϵû˿ķӦؾսʿǵĵҲеԶ̹е׼֮չ
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ھУ
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ˣȫ˰ɣǲˡڰ˵Ѿ̽˱ӵڣһںصʹߺȲء
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ıٴɵˣǺȻԼ̲ˣ׷װԴĦѵؽ֮Ĳ
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һ·϶ܳĬ֪˼ʲôΨԱߵıһֱڵʲô
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һı֮ǰһûз֡ղȷˣӦûиǿǸǿսʿмڳҪ֪ڣûа취һ˵֮꣬ȭͷ˵ѾˣҪıһ²ˡ
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Ȼ˵ӻ׼ΪǲʱȥأһƵĵҩ׼ҲˣԴһɳƽ΢˵㲡Ҫĵ˭ãû֪ܲ
ͷҡҡͷ˵Ҳԣ̫ĳɹڱӹص£Ķ֣˷ѱĵҩǲ绻طһڡ
طһڣ
˵۾ܿ춼ɴˣͷܻطһڵĵض˶Ǳ߻
δе̫˰ɣǶߴһڣһ
ıԶǣĶսȷ̫ˡĺ͵ͷ뷨ʮͬ
Ҫֻܶ࣬Ҫܲͺá
ƣ˵λҪˣߵҲòȥǻȿ鱨˵ɡ
Ҫ鱨鱨ĹԱվ˳һһ˵˳
ߵͷЩ鱨ûʲôôӰĺܣ߱Ȼм˵Ĺټ϶ѾжʱûϵˣҪ˵û¶ء
˻㱨ͷ˵ʱ䣬ҪߵսȫŪҪʱڱսԷأҪ׼ӭս٣
ڽʿ׷Ӧ£Ҫ׼ɢʱ鱨Աȴٴվ˳
¸ոսյµĶ鱨鱨ԱɫЩѿζû뵽龹Ȼᷢ
۾һɣò²Ҳ֪϶ʲôϢ㿪˵ٽ
鱨Աһ侲ȵ˵鱨ݿɿϢˮ붫ϵУѾоŶӵı߾£뵽ǵ۹ս֮С
ʲôˮ۹Ȼֲͽˣ
֮ǰӶĵ۹ϵ֪ģɵһٶǶԹԵĹȥˣðѵͲ
Ҫ֪ǵ۹ѾͳһԶˣôҲڹӲдǶӸûԵ˼ֻǱʹ߿סˡ
ˮ壿ֲͽ𣿰ϸϢüͷһšɢһӱɱȺ˾ȻҪһ
鱨ԱϢ֮󣬵ݽУϸز鿴һ飬ֽ鱨ˮפصסˣŴ˲ġ
ˮĴһƣҪĵ۹Ҳһ˻ˮ˵ˮļöսԽ鷳ˡ
ΪһļµΧĵ۹ǵ۹ս
ո˹սʵǳܲôµս˰
ãȻˮ岻ȥǰɣ˭ݵӣ纮µķ磬̹ǵĺܡ


778 ǹƥ
Уܹе˵Ҳˡ
ʵǻ۳Ⱥ̫ɱĻȥ۹һˣǵ쵼ȫɿˡ
֮ˣѹסʵΪҲ̫ˡ
ϾͷϻһֽĶʱʱ̵̿ĽһʲôΪͻСĳͷ
Ҫо𣿡ĺе㵣ǵʵȻ֪ԼĵЩ̲࣬סҪһ䡣
úܲסȺǵ˵ʲôطǳģ汻һѵĸָסˣʱ鷳ˡ
һվӣ˵òȥˮٴμһͷұҪ׵ĶɱĻ޾ս˵ڼ֮峹׵
֮ȷе˵Ӧ°ɣ
ĺ͵ĺ˵֮˽٣Ǳ붫Ӵʹ߲Ǹ̽·ô
˵ǲòȥ
ˣҲö˵ʲôҹߣ׼ͺˡڰ˵֮ɢ˻ᡣ
˶ˣΨĺԭأɫؿŵ档
Ťͷһƣ֪һﲻߣ漴ɬЦ˵ĺͰĺͣ㻹ҶĻ׳氡ʲô㡣
ˣĺֻ˽⽫ˡȻҪʱڻôʵ˷Īˡĺ΢΢˹ӣ˵
ͷٸĺʹգ˵ãҷģûϢĻǾ͸죬ԼһϷͺáϢǾ˵Ѿˣ㰲ߵ飬ֱӹߡ
Ҳȥߣ߲Ҫ𣿡ĺͲʵ
ҪһΣǱҪ쵶նˡڱߣʱʵʱһԻġ͸¶һӼᶨĿһʵˣԨ۹Ǳô
һ˳ؾչܺãѾȫ濪ս׼ĺ΢΢һЦԨ۹ؾҪõ̫ˣǱߵľһ֣ͳһǵ۹˵
ϧԼİţֻܹˡ
ãˣԼŰɡһЦһѾʧԭء
ĺ˳ſڵķȥһģӰڿն

͵͵뿪ĪƳǣһС֮ĳһ·Ŷ߸ȥ
ûа취Ҫǵ޿ײļϸһʧ˷ˣ㲻ˮǱ߾ͻ׼ʱɾ鷳ˡ
ϵر任ݣÿһͣʱ䲻ᳬһʱ䣬죬͵˶߶ڡ
ܲ͸ķ뵽һ֧ǵ̶뿪˶ǣ֮Ϣʧ̶УŶٶȥ
󷨵İ֮¸ûܹ֣ٶǵ۹ı߾
һƬӲ꣬ϱŴĵͰֲһĲˡ
һȽϸߵϱ½
Ǳ߾ˣˮǰﴦӪկӦûǵĳ򡣡˫棬
ǿʶɢͬһվţɢһϢ
ʶֻɢ˶ʮأ鵽ļ
Ϸʮﴦڿٵƶţǲϵر任Ӱصʮֺá
ҪǾǿʶһ۶ѷ֡
һ˲ʧ֮ϡһ̣Ѿ˶˵ͷϡ
ǰıؾ֮·ϲһĵصȴ͡
˵ʵǽںڣʵȻˣֻֻСϡû˿ԥֱӽ뵽˻֮У֮ǰ·߼ǰС
ɵյ蹦ڷ˲ԾĵطڶȦӣ
˶һۣͬʱغžֱӴӴָͳһͨѶ
ķӦЦһȻڶ˵ǰһǱ㲻ܶˡ
ˮˣ˵ָһͨѶѾУɵˡ
˵ȷ֣ͨϢʱ֪ͬʱͣϾ˹Ҳͬһʱ佫˸նɱһǰԲ飬ϧȴɱһ
ܹ˵ʵ˵ɣ˵ҾͲɱǡ
㡭˭룬һ˾Ȼֱôһ仰
һɫһ䣬ҪѾˣֻһԹͬ顣
һǸ׳հװʶĻǻԽһһֱͬӵݣⲻԼ
ߺȣ벻ˮҲǺܹ֪ҡһЦ¶ĽɢŴ̹ǵĺâ
˵һ֪ԼĻ·Ѿûˡ
ҪǷƽҧĶҩɱˣϧڱƵģû˿ֵĿܡ
ɱðɣû̹׵Ȥˡ΢΢ҡͷȻԷԸ˵ǾͲǿˡ

ÿ˿סֵõԺеϢ֮ɫȴԽѿˡ
ݲͣǲλҲΪ̽ǷиǱġҲ˵˵һ̶Ǳ˲ٿŵġ
üһˮ廹ǲ򵥰һϵЦȴԽŨˡ
ԽѶȵ飬սԽԽܼǱ
ȻѾ¶ˣҲܣֱӷſǼ顣Լˮפرȥ
أѲʿԽԽˣںڸǲ
ҲܣֻҪǶֱܲӳֿסˣЩ˵һ˵Ժ󻹻ʲôô
һ·ǰУˮפʮͣԸˮˣǱסˡ
ٰаʮҺǷֵ磬ҪȻһξʹˡһֻ³Ѿ̽鵽ȷе֪ˮнӽʮĴۼ
ˮͼᣡ
Цţ˫зͬһȴŻĶߣʱ׼Ÿһ
ʮǸСĿһˣҪһַˡͣһ뷨ӿͷ
ˮѾ֪Լˣزڣǲ󷽷վЩˮ˵ͷһ֪岻ôǵġ
Դ΢΢һ࣬Ե˵ԭҪȥɣҪɢһЩϢҾģ𣿡
ףˣǿޱȣھ;ԲκˣĽȫȡͬ˵·ۺ˵һ㡣
صͷڿն
һΣֱӱӪصĶȥ
ӪĵʱЦ¶Ӱ
ӿкȻðһӰˮûֱӷ֣õȴʮʮơ
֮£ֻÿЦһһ£˵ˮͳ˧أˣѵ㲻֪Ӽ𣿡
ˡ
Ӫ֮ը˶̧ͷŰеǸӰϵıޱȡ


779 ԪӤ
˭
ˣ
ô
ҵ찡
ʲôˣ
죡׼ս

ݵɻ֮ˮӪըˡ
ͷʵ̫ˣ˭֪ս缸޵еĴڣ
ûãˮһڸַ׷ڿն𣬽Χ
ˮ֣ȻһЦ˵ôһȺϺзԸδе̫˰ɣ
ˮһڸٴУÿ˶׼ԼǿһиʲôǱֶԸ
ˣȻ㲻ǾͺŰɡ
΢΢۾˫ֱһбǾļơ
˵ֱӶֿսǻ˵˼ֱӰڳһмģǶʱҶˡϾǶû㹻Ȩܹеֺΰ
κˮͳ˧̲סˣĵشӪ֮˳ڿնǰ
Ҳûôˮͳ˧Ƴһۣ˵ţҵֽ죬ˮͳ˧л˵ɣ
죿δе߯˰ɣˮ岻Ҳ˼
Цһ˵ˮص㣬µĺܣװǻƣ
һ٣ȴǲһػֻǺһǱԼĲˬ
˲˵Ҫһ⡣ƽ˵ƽ͵͸¶һ絶ɱ⡣
ܵɱ⣬Ӳһ˵лʣ
Ҳ֪һֱбһҪǴõĻС¾Ͳ˰
Լĸϵٵػ㱨ǲ
ˮʮפǵ۹ı߾ѾΥ۹ˣˮѵҪ忪ս𣿡һ˵˳ƾˣǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
Աߵ˵죬Żعεؿһ˵ˮĹˮٴפûʲôװɣ

ˣŵشЦ˵ѽ벻ˮҲϲǿʶǻѵΪʽ΢ˣûʵ𣿡
첻мһԴŤһ߶ʵȷǱǰҪǿһЩأǿ󲻴ﶷ㹻ʵóս
˵ˣˮĳҲô򵥣붫ӵĺǲö˵ʲô
ǺŰȻͳ΢΢µͣ¶һڵӡ
ʱҲӻĬĬŰֵʱ䣬Ҳò˶á
ģҸԼϣȨκ顣⣬һû½뵽ˮʱնɱ
նɱ˵Ҫնɱ𣿹ЦˣɣҾɣɱҰ״ڲϵر졣
˭룬ģɫͨ죬ȴһ仰û˵
ߣǿʶɢ˲Ͳ׽ԶٸϢ
ػص˵ͷͣšüͷ˵ţҪżǾҪˣʱӲ˶԰ɣ
˼첻غһһ߶µ˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôҷȰ뿪򡭡
ʲô΢΢һЦǺЦͬһů
Цɵˣ⵽ʲô֪Լߵĸڸ˵ĵѵǲ
֪ߣжôǿֻҪǸˣͲӦ޿֣
Ҫ£һͨͨˣ˵ôʲôֲ㡣ҡҡͷεؽ˵Ȼ㲻˵Ҿ˵˰ɣͻһϺзЩһҸʰˣԲԣ
ʱϵϢʼ񱩵Ϣ˶غ
ҡҿûô˵أҧ˵ڿ϶ϰ
Цˣҡҡͷ˵İɣһİֶ˵ġ
Ҳǹ̵ģܹΪʮͳ˧ܻô֣֮޷ǾΪ˵ȴԮоԵİܹ
ӿסĿõϢǸƱݵΪ˴ﵽĿԲϧٻԼ󡣱Ͼν˵ֻҪܹɵǰٷ֮һ׬
ϸСӲϵתţһ߷ͻɱˣһڿҪʲô
Ϊʵ̫˰ƽ޹ʵʲôѵΪԼһ׷ɱ
ʱһһţһĹ󣬴ӶһѾܹӰˡ
λ֣ʵԪӤڣԪӤڣĸԪӤڳڡˮѪܶõĵҩаţλԪӤڸֿˮ󲿷ֵĶ˰ɣ
˵ÿ۹һЩҩڶһԪӤڵĸֵ֣ҩϾ٣ҪȻԪӤˡ
λԸټϴӶˣҲȷܹһвˡ
˵λ֮γһ߽ڣʣλÿţš
ţҪż˵˵ɣƽ˵һĨЦݡ
ӣûŪ˶ɵˣ㿴ҿĶѡ
ǵģֱӽ治˵֮󣬴һ֡
漫Ϊѹ֣ͬʱּΪ죬һڸֻȴһ仰Ҳ˵С
֮󣬴Ҳˡ
Ƴһ۾ЦˣΪνʹҲС
ϣ벻Ҳˣôɵ𣿡˵°ܽҲû̫⡣
ʹЦһɳƵ˵ձʹڣ
΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵Ҫ̫ˣ˵⻰ҲôһˣҲǺúõػ𣿡
ߣǰҵҪжôı£ܹߣʹ˵һ˰šǰͿǵֱˮ鷳Ҫ֣ɵ
Ϊؾǵ۹δֻҪˣǶ˵ʣµͺˡ
ص˵ͷ͵ŰƣΪɱȻôһ֣ôһȦ֪ҾͲزأ˷ôʱ˰
֪Ǹ֣ԸϷŪһȺʤȯյļһ
ٺ٣֪ǿҲ֪кܶƣûãQ˶ˣʹߺٺЦţƺǻл
ĵһ뵽һܡ
ŶǳԶˣ


780 ʮһɷɷ
һ۵ʹЦţϬɢŶĺ⣬ǲ⣬һﲢû˽˶Թɣ
֪Щʹ߶ǴΪľǸɵһֹǵ۹ĴڣȻвˡ
ˣȻˣǾͿʼɡ˵ܶԷʲô׼վҪóġ
ʹߺٺһЦϵϢȻһ䣬˶ģ
ʱһɹϢڳʹΪģԻŻš
˼Сģ˵ǿʹ߱ϾǴģѱʲôֶΣСʹ괬
ˡ
ǹϢɢʹڵʮԪӤǿߵϢȻǿϢƬռ䶼
ؽһƣӹµµתȦĵеĸȫˣܵǣ
ν˴ܣ˵ùԪӤ֮Ĳ̫ˣһʧ־̫ˡ
ϢһƬǸ⣬ϣó㿴ҵı¡һ˫Ȼڱ󣬿û˿Ľš
ʹɫһ֪װĲ¡Ѿ̶ȣҲ࿼ˣֻҪܹնɱͺãһɱˣҲǻġ
ʮһɷɷʹߵͺһͳдɱݿ
أ
ռľҲһ£·һըм䱬ѿһ㡣
̩ɽֻϵ·ʼζ
ףе˼벻ʹ߻Щ£΢˫ۣӰģʹߣʶֱڡ
𣡡ʹһֱʧˡ
۾һνɷû˵ӦʮһΪý飬һΪʩչġ
ˡ
ڵĿռѣһɫĹĻռ䶼ֻʣһߡ
ʮһͬһƽϾƽվţбŸָƣԴԴϵڴصʹߣѾ׵ʧˡ
ɫĻ֮У˫棬ʶռ䶼ˣȴԼϵ׸ˡԭܹ̽ʹߵڣ˺ɫĻֻܿԼˡ
ɷӦ빦Ľϣֻ˲ܹʩչɡüͷţʼνɷʲô
Ҳǲѧţ֪Ķ٣ɷȴͷһڶԷȻ׼ʲôŻʱоһ¡
ߣһģӰӹĻϷ¶ʹߵϴЦ⣬Ϊʤȯյ˵סʰ

ʮһ˵﷢˷˵ڿǵģѾǺɫɷ
ܹĻԻ²Ͳʲôɷǻ˸ֵĳаķ
ʱĻ֮еɫԽأѾصĺܺõаϢˡ
ߣ벻֮Ҳ͵ķȥɣˣ֪аķԽϵԽ󣬸㲻ûʲô鷳ʱղ˳ǾͶˡ
Ӵָͳḧžǳĵ뵶˫ۻ뿪棬ĻʱѾ÷ƥ
һ˵Ϣ͵رһӦ
ƣ
ͣͣ
âͻأس֣ݺݵںĻ֮ϡ
ˡ
ĻҵĲţȴû˿ĺۼ
ȵһû뵽ĻǿӲյٴһѾ߳ɵ
¡
â磬ײźĻúĻĳ̶ȸǿˡ
ϧĻֻǿٵĲû顣
ʱѾʼʹߺٺһЦ˫ӡǣϵش뵽µĺĻ֮С
һ˲䣬ĻͬϽһĻкϵطţγ˸ָģҪѺĻ
˼֮͵رĳ˺Ļ֮ڡ
ಡ
һƿյоһԼٶȻţĵâ
âײı׷׵ˡ
üͷһšЩкĻݻģֻҪĻھͻԴԴϵļǰ׷
ߣξҪסңδ̫Сˣмغһо⻪⡣
΢΢žȻǰֱȥ
͵ƿǰǼҪֱӳײĻ
¡
ӲĵĻݺݵײˣǿֱĻ͹ȥһ顣
ΧĺţҪͻơ
תʹ΢΢ſ³ôһ֡
䣬Ļٵת͹ȥһ鶼˲١
һ䣬ӾȻĻһתʼձžĻĳһ̶
ʹߵĶͷ߳˵ĺ飬ǿȷǳΪ˱֤İȫԸֱӶ֣ʤˣǶҲǼġԣŻȹɷʮһԪӤڸΪɷ飬߶󷨵ת
Ҷ֪Ǹ󷨸֣󷨵輫ߣ϶ܹóһְ仯󷨡ô϶󷨵·ƽɷͿ뵽ʹõ֮С
˭룬ƻ仯죬Ҳ֪ǷʲôëȻֱȥ
ʹߵĵŭһȴȻװһ£гģ
˫ţһɫӡǱ뵽˺Ļ֮УźĻֱСֻһ䷿ӴС
ˣӴʹߴһ˫ͷһ٣һоٵĶ
һ̣ΧźĻۼڵɫ˲١

ʱ򣬺Ļ֮дĴЦ
ʲôƨʹߣֻ㱾Ǹ綪氡εط̵ǻԵʮ㡣
ʹµĺĻϻ¶һƬհףӲźתɵĹԭƥǿصػϣȴС޻һ㣬Ϳһ
ʲôˣΪǿÿһԪӤڳڸֵȫһΪһ¶ûУʹɵˣʮһ˶˲ͷĵط
ǿ˶֪˭û뵽ѾǿֿܹԪӤڸֵȫһˣ
Ȼ֮䣬ʹ߾ԼһЦ
ô㱾𣿡·һ㣬̧ͷ˺ʹڵλá
ʹɫһһֽǿհˣǺܲЦҪ񣬵˵ɣ


781 Ļ
㻹Ϊס𣿡
ޱ˵ʱı֡
һֱӺ˹ѾԼĪһƵľ룬Ȼǰ̡
꣡
ƤĶηֱƿ˺Ļ¶ָĵ档
ʹɫһ䣬ıǳԾĻʮһ˵ôɵľͱƵأ
ŤĵشһʹĻٴβ˱仯ͬһŤ
ܵ˾޴ı仯Ҳ£ȻĻ

ĻȻıпˣ
ֹͣλǡһԪӤֵڣֱӱŵĻһ£Щ޷ά󷨵ת
ʹ߰һʮһɷɷתκһ˺ˣҪȻ󷨻˲
Ҫ£ģʹߴذοûа취ֻĻס˵
ԪӤֱŵɫ԰ףվǼסûӡҲ֪ӵĺǱɣ˵мֻĻᡣ
ôھˣͬħһٴδ˳ͬһشݺݵʮ˵ͷ
ʹô࣬ɫ˼ŸǺáǿȷǳԤϣīȥĻƵ顣
ע⣬ȶʮɣʰʹɨʮһһ£ɳƵ˵
ʮһͰͲɱԶһˡ
ʮһ˱鶼ʹһȴû˵ʲô
ʹվһֱӻ뵽ıǻ֮С
ħ壡
˾˫ſֻڱպϡ
ֻŤѵĺĻȻͬһźʹߵ˫š
ĻٵţܿͽƶռСλ
ҪסңȥɣһٴαһŭֱӽĻһߵѺۡ
Ѻ۳ǲ٣̫С겻ȥ
ҲżϵյĻ˼϶
Ϸʹ߾һҲżһĨЦݡ
ϧѾĻŵһĻȻڷĳҪͶȳǿĺĻ׵ΪƬ
ƣҧ˵еľٶԽˡ
ʱ򣬺ʹߴЦһ͵̧ͷĻ壡ﲻ
֨֨֨
̶ĻŵֻԴһһѾ뿪˺Ļڵ
΢΢һڴĺĻ֮гˡ
ԣ
󾪣ͷһƣǺĻȻûбΪƬֻһ·һĸǵϣͷŽʵʵġ
⡭
ĻˣǿҲˣʹߴЦ˵·Ѿʹ֮ȥģ
Ĭˣ˫ɨһܣʮһ³ǰͷվǸĺʹߡ
ϵļһ£ĻȻͬͷԵ·һʲôӶûа취˺
ϱиһ£üһﾹȻۼ¡
Ƕһ·ѣԿǵͷ­ȷԼû֮󣬵Ȼ˵
Ŷ𣿡ʹصһЦһָʮһ˵
۳ɸֱָ
һҪܿŷΪκʹ߻ֱˣΪ޷ܹ
ǵģϵһĻǴһЩĵöٶȶûκô
顭
ڣһײϡ
ģϴһĨʹ࣬͸ǲغ˳
ԭӲޱȣͲ̶ֳȹ壬Ļ֮¾Ȼ˼Ϊʹ࣡
⵽ô£
ãˣͬƹ֮ĺĻʵûа취
ôζˬɣʹʤȯգ֪дûܹںĻ֮ߵġ
˶Уοһ
꣡꣡
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ɴҲ²ĻӦĳصķܹǿķùֱ͸뵽֮У˺
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ѡԶǰλòҲǾƵġӳųǾҪչξҪ㹻Ŀռ䣬ľ룬ԶںıԵҲǴչƿ롣
ԶϵĹսڽǿֱð亹
һ˵бȻôдҾʮǾеҪǲ취Ǿţǿɾ൱ˡ
ðһ⻰͸ӸβˡȻǲʧ˲һ򣬵ؾɽսֱֹ
ǻʲôð취ѾóڹԶԵҲֻǷŸ죬ȡòʲôЧ˵Ͷȡɵɰ
ղĶԼûԼ֮ⲻñĸȻòϣǳӿдаɣؾͺܣֻҪؾʹңǾܳ嵽ؾǰʤֿɵˡ
üͷ˼Ƭ̾ͬµĽ顣Զؽϵʮܷӿжؾй
עǷɢģǶԸǾţûжĵģĵԶ沿ӳһؾϾĵʱʲôС
սУ沿ӺǾϹµĹģʽؾֻ幥£Թ
ۿʮܷɳԶǣԥɵգΪ׵ķ˹ȥ
ıԣԶˣֶεһҪġսϣһʧأпǼʮϰ䣡
ҪǿѹŭҪɼ𺳸У
ЮĿĵâһӰΪ׵ķһأضѵķҡŵ䵽棬ķըľ졣
˭ҽǰ
ŭУʣľżܷ˭ǰ׷׵ͷɻԶǡ
һָԶǵڽЦ󱲣Ҳܳ²ˡʲôֶΣһʹɣֻ´ҪֶΣݹҵ飡
˵ţһ壬Զǵĳ¥Ӿһ
ʮɳĵâڰлһߣࣵһ죬¥Ӻһ˰档
ЦչָڣбԶڽҪĳȡǵҲǲˣһؾôɵʮǾŵġ
Զڽ͵ľסˣǿԶڽ̲ס¹ۿ
ߵ򏎣ԤţڿпУʮǾѾǰؾսʿѾٲˡ

ǧߵ򏎴ӣѷװ˰ա
ݡ
һĶߵ򏎱˰յС
ԶڽڰյĶߵ򏎵ͷ·һƬһһЩͷļµĺХŹһ۾һǡ
ۡ
ûоҵıըûл𱬵ĳ棬һͷƾʧһ㣬һĿղһǰŵ˵ϣ
ʲôܱ𺳵ô
ԶǴϵһ뵽˾У
ǣظǰǵͬˣһؾɾ
Զ£ǵʬѻɽ
Զưܵĳ¥ϣչЦλҪٴô
ʱԶǵڽô˵˭˭Ҳ˵۾еϡ
ܣǺ޶־һ˫˫۾
ˣؽ۲ţҵȾҲ֪۵³ؽҵԸ
˵꣬Զ˧ڹڵأʾ
ЦԶڽһһ
ԶʮһܱߵϾͷ˵ֿеȫؾ뵽л
ûаչѽѺ⵽󷽽зǰеĽյһ𣬸ЩĶԻ
ʼʱ򣬽һֽ־ľη̸Ҳظı˶Ŀ


786 ս
ǱվɶиԻģеǷݿ־ʧǶĿһķɣ׷ǰҪ׳ʲô
ڽǵ뷨ûзɵýǿԼһ⵽˽Ķ鵱УЦҼȻ뿴ңǾúÿҸһǸĸĸģҲһԴǿһԷġ˭뿴ľܿ
һ£׷ǰۼλج
Ҳ󷽣ֹҪάؾսʿƶԽ˵ҲҪҲɲߣ˵ʲôҲҪôҿԭվãҶˡ
˺ƵĻһԾվסǰ߹
쳣û뵽ؾͳ˧ܹõ
أЦݾǰʱеĽԾĸ˾񡣶ԴˣҲͶұþؾԼĽ
һĿɵĽǰͶԷ֮ĿɵĽȻʿ
ͣЦСֵܣôޱˣ˭۸Ҫ۸㣬ңΪֹ
۵һĿɵĽ޳ؽû۸ҡֻã̲סͿˡ
Ŷһͷ˵ֵܣӱȻûѪԵϵͬսϣʲôܱսѵأҽܰǵ۹ļ仨ˮɶǿˮﲻ벻ֵܰ
СˣؽؾﲻкܶĳвǣҪǴ̲ĻҪƳǣЩֵܣһǻ̻̲հ
ⷬΧĹͬˣ׷˵еĲҲӿ
СĨһ˵ؽվҪ뿪ǵģؾҲһ𣿡
ЦΪʲôأؾϵ±еһ˼룬ǿˣԲ̤˵ϡ
ؽ׼ôأǣؾץסǳ䵱Ҫô
Щˣ͸ЩؾԵ飬սϴڵжԵʱؾ᲻һֶˡ˷ʱؾԲûսսɱ˵顣
ؾǿߵķ緶չǰģǿֻսǿȨչǿģԶǿߡ
Ļڽˣ
ܹܵˣǿ󣬶ܹõ۷Ǿ޵У
СϵѾˣʵؽܹμؾô
Ͱ˵ΪʲôأؾΪ˽½дڿ˶ģ־ˣܹμӵؾѵ㲻Ǵڿģǵϲƣ
ⷬ٩еĽȫЦ˼ԼͶߵݣԼµһԱ
Сҿ˵ؾܼģÿؾսʿҪޱȵ¸Ҽ㣬ؽô
£ϵЦݣޱ֣ص̬˵¸ңÿһսʿľ񣬶ؾսʿеġ
ûֻ֮֮
Լ˲пսÿսʿĸ黳黳սʿͶŵսϾͷųģҪͨսս򼤷ġ
ǣʮ֮ڲսսʿĳôҿǡǵĽͬҲ౨֮䣬ֻҪžΪ˭̣ǻѡʿΪ֪ϣÿһ棬ŵԶѪͶ־㣬ͲǽͲͳ˧
ټĹ㳡ϴ˷ᣬ£
ⲻΪϵõ˰οΪһ㹻ͳ˧˵ʿĺ
һվǰб˵ؽ֪Ϊʲôؾˡͳ˧еսʿƴͬƲġҪؾңĶҾĶ˭ҪͲġ
һӣһѵĽΧ׷׽Ҫؾ
Ƚǵƽ˵ҿȷߴңؾĴţǳģҲ˵ʲôеĻ֪ǵˣǵѣڶӿƵбƳǵΣաˣǾˣѵҪһô
ܣҪѣҪͷף
ߵĽ׷ѵӲӵľװݺˤڵ£ýʹļ̤š
ؽ䣡
ؾ޵У

յ£ԶǼܱߵĹдһҹ֮ؾӡ
ЩУͶĲ쳣ᶨʾǰǵļ磬ǵĸףЩطȫƳǣҲ縺ѩ޵Ŀꡣ
ΣҲҪȥԼԼѪһսʿıһ˵ĳ裡
ð죬ûͬЩѾؾսʿĽЩ˵սӹɵģЩ˱ϾûܹӦǵʵս飬ִټԴġ
սҲǲ˺ģؾͽɵؾսʿȡİ취սʿԱսܹõõ
ؾһӱǵһٶ
ʮؾսʿţʮƺƵԶǳ뵽Ͻĸء
Ͻǵ۹Ϊĵط˿ڶࡣ
ĺʹ߽ǰԶԶĳоƳǣӴǾš
ľ棬ÿһ϶֮ġΪսľ޴ƻеĲƸ̼仯ΪУҲ԰Ƶת˲䡣ӱ˿ȴǲ
ͶĽУ۹ⲻĴڡ
һУپ飬ؾĴɨеڻ£ʱĴ
ƹĿֵСУֱ͹УֻҪǴбСоͻ᲻ơ
ĽԼԶǲȡսͬζΪͳ˧ʮؾȷ棬ͦ
û뵽ǣʮǰ沿ӣȻսݣ֮ͳǳأͳǳܱʮСз׷Ͷ
ڽʱؾ죬ͰѶӴĵ̸ˡ
ؾĿٶȣЩ
һ·߸ͽؾѾаҵ϶ˣʱǰ沿ϵ˵ĴǲӣԮʱ䶼


787 ͳ֮
бҪ£һ²ӣΪһͳ˧ҪֵµĻԣҲҪʤ֮ڸǵһЩõͷھʤ֮䣬ûǵ蹵һľ롣
˳ĹٻزӣĽЩ⡣ʱսĴʱŵ˻ֲ̿ʱٽܹһٵ춨ʤֵľô
ûйͣøһѾ¸еʤʵͬʱǵҪеʹطѶߵ򏎵һЩǰ䲻˵Ķ䵽ǰߡ
ƾŶսƵĸ߶Уеĳȫ˳ȥóǰ鱨ȫ̽ס
ߵ򏎵Ⱦеʣһ֮ȫλԱ״ȫ䷢ĲԱ
ʱĳҲ̻棬ӵĴھųǵķдģļ춯
ųһָھųڣССоǳأΪǳر˴˾ܽͬһƽϣͨͰųǣҲֻһϽϵľŸСǳء
Ҫϸ˽һ¾ųǵϸ
˵ؽųǶӸ֮ľҪˡطΪǳͺȻĻιһʺ֯ŵĹսٺ٣ؽҿֹðȻھųǣǰӪԴġ
ҡҡͷЦֻͲҪ˵ˣΪ˧Ϊһͻ±ľ档пܵ¹ƼҪͬʱðյľͽС΢ƷʣǸ߶ȶͳһì壬סһ㣬ҪΪǸҪΪԼ𡣡
ͷٴųǵԸʯӰܡ
ųǸƽԭͨ˴տء
ֻҪռݾųǣɹ˿أųΨһзµĵطΪųǵ󣬼аʨҲܽкΧ
ЩͷۣųǵĿ̫ˣܺΧζŵʱܹʺͱԱؾĹǵ͵Ĳռһ
˺üսûرһ׷¶ġ
գؾһоھųһ࣬Ծųʵʽһ͸
ؾǲػսӣھųʮķΧʵ峡жųķΧеķݵȫγ
ţؾʮЯӪƽųǰ
һٱڹ֮󣬶ʮؾ׾ռ˾ųΧء
ռ֮󣬾ųǳؾͱ¶ؾҰ֮ڡ
ƽ˳е˲оȫָӵģϢϸϵؾǰء
ؾѾӪǰƣԾųǳչҵڻ
ӲӵڣҪؾ̽һЩ޷ؾڶԺ䣬ͼǳسŴ󿪣Ǵӳзӵ
һжǰ·УȴǰĹ·͸ż˿ա
Ǿţжʮ֮ޣģĻսУؾӦģǾŵľ
׻ڴӣߵ򏎴ӣЧİսʵд
ʮǾţؾǿľеǰһƬʬɽѪ
ǣ尡
ǿҲŪ㱵ʱؾ沿´˳
ʮؾսʿźų˾ųǳء
ԽˣΪʱ򣬾ųǳأͷڲûȫݻ٣ӦúؾԷûô
϶Ǵ£
´ﳷ˵Ѿˣʮؾսʿȫ棬ɽХһֹܹ˵ģ
ۿųĶʮؾӳһӵ룬Ķʮؾϸ
ӵؾ󲻽⣬ƽʱɽͳ˧ʱôˣôԵЩ갡Ҫ֪ѾжʮֵܲӿУٽȥʮ򲿶ӣӵҲòʩչֽŰ
Ǿ˵ְʮؾϸǳس˹ȥ
ʱ򣬶ʮؾǰ沿ѾӿǳأȻһһӰǳصĶǰһξͲˡ
ãǸصļһǸƻޱȵ°ܽ
ֹͣǰˣˣ˻ߺ˳
Ķʮؾĵ֮£һ뵽˻֮СеؾսʿӲͣȴղסŵؾսʿһ£ʮĴ󲿶ӣͣգۼǲбܽһǱ
ô˵Ķʮؾͣҵ󳷣ؾϵ£ֱţ´
һ˳Ž£壬ȴǰأֲ嶫
üһӱĺʹ߾Ȼﲼó
ҿøĶʮؾսʿˣȻʧȥУ̤ҲǼ
ƾ󷨵֪֪󷨵ǲѣҪһʱ䣬ѾǳеĶʮؾսʿܹĵ
뵽šεضҪӿзԽȥո뿪棬;ԼΪڼµͷɲ
ȻǸʹ߿϶󷨵вѹΪĽڵ㣬Լֻǰһˡ
ȶסԼն󷨵˽⣬һƽ߳󷨡
ȵƽ󷨣ǰһˡ
ǰǳأ澹ȻǱж죡
ССĳǳлһͳǣǰסؾսʿǰ·ߣΪûػؾսʿֻܱͳǳǽϵ˵Ļ
ڣߵ򏎣б滨ͳͳûóЩеڼ̵ĳǷǰ֮أ
ؾսʿԹһѾ˴룬ٹһʱ䣬»ȫû
ˣҧѵ´˳˵
ǳصؾսʿΪ絽˴룬һУȵӦʱѾķ֮
ų֮սոĻؾ⵽شȻɵ˶ʮǾţЩѰƵģԶӲû̫˺
ؾսʮ򣬻ԱڣؾûھƵ³ԹôĿ
ϵ£ؾʿһаҪɨųǣ
ǱֳǰδеԭûԲж
Լȴûţĳ˴ӪϣҪһ¾ųǵľ
ӱغʹھųѪľųͳͳֵ״̬
ӰУ޷۲쵽Ҫȥ۲ʱ͸о޾ѹԼΪĴڡ
ûðգڰͷųԼʶҪ̽һеʶģȴһƬš


788 °
ķɻ˴ӪصԼӪбſ˼
ʮؾսʿҪ൱εġһٸ½ҪС΢ԼȴԴë
ΪؾȡĹսİģͺһƶˣˮֿԸճ￪ƶҪ¾ĵġ
Ȼƶ˾ģǴƶ˾Ҫ󲿷֡
ʮʻѪҲҪοϧʿأ֪廳޲θУȻĥ顣
Ҫ飬Ͷ뵽µ˼·ȥʮʿҵ࣬ȴǻ֮ȥġ
Ȼ˵Ϊ׵һɽ
˵泳¡
ĶҪҪؽ˭ң
һüͷʾ⴫ڽ
˭֪ĴʣȻŴһԲ
㲻ҪҪ˵ôôҾһԲ˰˵
һﲱӣҪ˵ȴԱߵ
ϵãԱߵĽ죬ҲԶͶĽ졣
ǺǣǲЩʱ˵ĻҪ˵˿ôƵģΪ˻һԲΣȤ
ˣһ˦첲ең֪Լ˵ʲôǰڶǱߵʱҾΪӲŵòεĻᣬȫ֪Ҳˣʲôزס
Цл˵޷ؾûи˵ѹƵһǺûĻ
Ų˵ؽҾʤǱҳ£ʮûˣ˭ܺܰҾʱΪͳ˧Ӧóͳ˧ĶҪѾ飬Ҫ°ֵɨƽųǣΪֵǱʵ˵Ľǵ۹롭
Աߵһֹ򣬺ȵ˭˵ؽѾˣؽڿ˼Ƶߣ
û˵ֹ꣬˵ȥ˼
ʣеؾ켯̵ָ
˵ûҾ뵽սʧˡҲܶԣΪһͳ˧ӦǴ߳Ǿ¡
ָ֮˴˴شսԭ
ʶϣؾЩˣûаѵ˷һܶԼвĲϡ
ʶӦսǰ鱨Ҳˡųǳͳ鱨ûи㵽ⷽ鱨ؾǰӪôҲûػ䱸óȻȥ
һʧʮؾֵԶȥˣĽ̲һҪͨȫؾзΧչʡԾĻ
Խ˵ǷξԽһǿҵθкʹȡ
˫Ŀ棬˵ҲȻųô֣ҲҪӦĴۡھųֻĸֵҪǾǲƽųǣ
ͳ˧ĸ飬ǾܹӰ첿µġ
еؾ켸ͬȵƽųǣ
Լڰųǵͨؾ죬һΪõ沿ӹİʵڲΨвȡյϹܰѾų¡
ؾĸıбƣеػװһǰƣеĴͷȫЯ߱ĵ
һ׼ϣ˾ųǵϿա
Ҫ־ųǵ󷨸ˣȻĻͷ޷ҵ׼ȷͶĿ꣬ӪҲ޷׼ȷҪäĿĻ˷ĵҩҲܴﵽԤڵЧ
󷨵˽⣬ѡһķλȥһ䵽棬оԼʵȻѹ˰ȼ
ҲܲЩˣĬĬŷλ󷨵Ļʯ
Ȼ䣬оһһӰ·ϣֹסΡ
㹻ӣĵطҽСˡ
УһĺӰְǰ
Сֻ֮ļ˵ֶΣʲôʸСңҵʸ񶼲˵ϢһܵӦѾȫˣӦʲô鵤ҩ
ʹһ˵㹻񣡵֪ûиƥıأ
һӰѾУһε˵ûб£Բ֪ˣ˵ˣҲһˡ
ã֪ͨ󷨣СС󷨣ҲѲס㡣Ӧúܿҵ󷨵ĻʯӶ󣬵󷨵ĻʯƳɵģܹѹߵΪڻʯΧһػԸÿģ
˵ţʹһʧУƺѾ֮ǰһս
Ҵ⣬קžС󷨻ʯķ߹ȥ
ΧһƬţΨоڵקŵĿռ䡣
ԼʶͷŵΧ̽Ȼһʶ׽Ӧþ󷨵һʯͬʱоڻʯΧĻ壬ӦþǺʹ˵ػʯˡ
Խʯķ򿿽оԼΪѹƵþԽ
͵һҧ󷨵Ļʯͳ˹ȥ
໡
ǰ壬Ǵ˷˹
ûѡɱЩǣԼǿǵĹȫеȫǰ󷨻ʯʹȥ
׺Ƕƽ˶ԵġǰܹɽצҲͽ̾κΡ
ƾٶȣײǣգۼ󷨻ʯǰ
˫Ŀ࣬˫סЮŰ׵ĵâݺ󷨻ʯȥ
һ죬󷨻ʯǰΪ촷ۣ
󷨻ʯ飬оΧȻɢ˲١
Ϊ󷨻ʯı飬оԼΪҲָ˲١
ɲЩǾ˰յС
һǵ͹ˣʹڰеסȥ·֮ǰȻܸⲻһֱһʧߡ
ߣû뵽ȥˣô붯ôһͦгս⡣
ʹҡͷǲֱӸ㶯ֵġƴƴս޷ҪһĵλֻҪ鸽ңһᱣ֤½ΨҶô
ߣĴ˶Ӹô죿
һӶ㲻ϵ߶ѣˣҶеץҪǰ㣬ҵЩȤ
Ŷ˵ǵǺйͬˡǡûǸҪˣ
˵ţһ󣬾һߣʹϢնȥ
ƾҶ֣ҡ˵ʹ߾ȵ˵ȥˡ
ںʹߵĹǸѥһĹ
һޱȣ̺ŵɼɸо޵ƺҪԼ


789 Ϊƽ
ʹߴʧɫôҲû뵽ں׵ͻʩɱ֡
ʹ߻һʵģھ̹һĵ漰ʱƴԱһ
ĵźʹߵ໮ʹ߾;һƬĺ۱ĵвûƬƬƬ衣
ʹߵ岢ûбնУʹ߻ǾɭɭĵԵԼۡ
ʹĸͣˣһ֣˦һںĶʹתɳ۶ȥ
ٺЦҪѺʹߴĶ䡣ⶫĻЩƣԲǿ
ʹߴĶȻӭ籩ǣһӻһžֹڽӽʱȻоԼΪʵٵ䣡
ѣʹ߿ӵܹѹΪʵϡŴҲĲƳɵġ
뵽תջؾһչٵӴֵıԵ˳ȥ
û뵽ŴȻһͷַ˹
֪ŴƼ򵥣һƷĶƷϣӲֻɶ㣬Ͼ˷һǱˡ
뵽ڰг֮η裬ͲĻᡣ
Ȼһ棬׼һݷ˽ȥ˹ȥһӰѷֽȥ
ӷݵһɳȻعͷŴʱҲľѡ
סݲСڴĽ֮£Ȼ˱ѹĿֲ졣
ڣźһһ䷿ݾڴĽ»촷ۡ
ôһڣʹܵûӰˡõһ´ûκεķӦŰѴ뵽ָУⶫžԵİġ
û˺ʹߵĵңѾųе󷨵Ļʯһƻų̼ɢ
ƽ󷨣ܹʼ
ϻصĽѵؾεĹȫȡ˴ݻʽĻڱԪиʽڻȻͷӿжڻ𸲸Ŀٴνк
ľųؾѪĳǿ֮£Ϊƽأ
ھųǵķϣؾݵͬʱؾһսƻ
֪һܹĽܲͳ˧ʲô˵ʲô
ؽųǶϽĵλãռ͵ס˶ӵ̵ͷλáҪ볹嶫ӵĲʱӦ÷ֱˡ
΢΢һЦ˵Ȼ뷨ǾͶ˵ɡƬΪԭסλͶϹĽзȨġؾУֻЧĵܱɣ˵˭ʸϣ˭Ĺδձɡ
һɽԻĵһЦӴʱȻ˭̸ܵؾֺгķΧԼͳ˧Ʒʡ
˵ķֱӵĴַʤ
ؾֳսʿͽһֱͳ˧ֶԼ˵ǫ̣Ե˵ͬ飬ľҪǲʤûˡ
ԣһɽҲʮͶ뵽Ŷӵ˵ģÿһװ棬ŵĶѪͼ飬ʤ׷ľ
ָųɱΪƽ֮󣬶ΧڵľȫɥؾƫϺƫϻв̾ĳǳ
ԣؾӦñ·ʮıڵķֱѹƫϺƫ򣬸ʮıɨϣӦǲĵֿġ
һ£ѯһڽĿҶĽû̫顣
˧ʮؾͦҪʮؾҺеô
һӳֱͣԼĶ䣺ءؽûɣʮҿǽ⡭˵ͨ
һϵĿ⿴˵ʲô˵ͨģ㲻ֵΰû
һʱӯΪʱھȻܵӣһʱеҭĸоˡ
ΣŲ˵ؽһǼԼֱ·ͬʱ򱱽ĩ֤һṼؽС
ҡͷɴ⣬ųǳʼһսΪҵĴ⣬ʮֵɳٷˡ
˵ɫ˵ˣɼƱ·һȡʤҲԸðˡסһҪһʧ׼Ҫٳ۽ش¼һῳͷ
һȣ֪Ϊеĵֵ룬һѪӿͷ򼸺ǺŴش𣺡ĩף
׵ؾھųǷֱʮؾȡɢǳأǴʮؾʦ
н;УȻӵ˶ӵͨѶ硣
Ӵһޱ𺳵ϢǸصĺʹߣ׼ھҰһսԵľսʾȴһӹص˱˴˼ͨѶ硣
Ǳʲôˣֹͣǰ鱨ռĽؾҰǱ߷ʲô
ƻ裬鱨Ľ켱Ż㱨
ؽе㲻Ծɳȥһٵĳ򣬱ְʱһƵʣڣѾǰһʱʧȥˡǰ϶⣬ؽ
ˣһ
ؾĳܹΪϿѵΪʵЯͨѶ绹иƷǽӽġĳһѷȥ̽Ǳ˴˺Ӧ໥䳶룬Ա㷢ýӦǳ˷ӳ
ɳ˹ģĳ飬˴˼ļϣôܻȫʧٵأ
ؽҪɳ飿鱨Ľ
ֵˣ֪ͨн죬Ҫ÷׼Գȥһˡ
˵ĳ˴ʣųнķһ·׷١
ؾڵλãʮ͵˾Ұڵλá
ҰǶϽһ֮أλãǳʺϽУΪĵʮּӲ޷Чд򺻵ȽΪΧ˰ķԲڿճһƬĻ֮ء
һдͻս볡ԶĿǰ״ؾһشĻս˭Ҳò˼顣ͨʧٵ¼еûô򵥡
һ·۲µĺۼһҰķǰСһֱ߳ʮµĺۼûʲô쳣
أҰչǰ˭ĻжȻؿ
ɵö࿴ԶľҰԭٴΰĿ⼯еǰеĺۼʱȵķ֣µĳнۼȻһӱˣ
˸еֵǣӦģҵĺۼʾǺܶۼһġ


790 ®
ȻһɲʶңҪΧʲôԵĵط
һԾѡԭΧƽ̹ܣȻ͵֣Լǽ뵽һȺɽƵĻУ
󷨣Ϊ󷨣
󷨵裬ȻûΧ֣Ҵ˴УЩˡ
һʱеˣǰճԤġ֪бԻ۵һ𣬻ʧڴУѾˡ
Ϊ󷨴ʦ֪ʱҪľ侲󷨣Ǹ߼Ƕ󷨵Уȥ侲һ˼άġ
󷨵ǷǳģӡУһЩߵȼ󷨣ֻҪԼ۲죬ͻῴһЩߡ
󷨾Ͳ¶ҰУΧĻȻһ壬֪С
ӳܵƵӦ쵽ʮǸԶľ롣ҪҲͳͳ뵽󷨵
ûҶĿģԼʶ󣬻ͷųȥ
ʶĲ̽УȻڷԲʮķΧҲһ󷨻ʯĲӦ
ɳ󷨵֪ΪҪУоҪû󷨻ʯ֧ţôеİ
ջʶһǰǰСΧĲ͵֣һǰвϱ任ģߣΧһ
Ȼ䣬Ժһпܾ󷨼ֶֻûоԭ®
®Ұ
Ҳֻ®ܹѰ˰Ұֽȥ
ûֻܾ®
®л󷨸ýе޷ƽ®󡣶®󣬻һ޴ۣΪĸԴԴṩ
Ҫƽ®ֻһƽҵۻٵʵĿġ
ŷ˰գθߣΧ͵ֵľӰһԷ˴ӿй۲뷨䵽˵ϡ
˼УһЩ®㲩󷨿ռĸ໥ҪƳ󷨣ҪͬʱвС
˵ǲܵ顣ҪӵͬʱܹﵽĿġ
⣬Ҫؾפĵطȥ
еһУΪá۾ĬĬ߶仰
ɲǼ䣬о·õ˾̨ʶҲøǿˡҪľǶλֻҪΧĻƻ󣬰ʶָķ򣬾ܹ߳®
ȻԶʮؾĸӦźţʮӦֻҪߣܹ߳
ʶָ۾һԵʱȻʶгĸӦ
ָоǳϤǵϢ
ԺٺЦ˫ۡ
ΧĻûˣǰģγϵĳ档
ǰǰǣЩǣøոս뵽ؾƵġȻʶÿһˣϤľװȴҪᡣ
ʧȥʶؾǣΧڽӽʮʱЩһѷץҧ
ȭסĲûĴ
ת˲乥ǰǵצץϣ졣
һ壬ǰļʮǶʱվȣ嵹ڵءЩٴ˳
Ҫ¾ԼĲ£֪ζΰʹԶľϣֻ
Ҫ۾ɳˣӵСˣб
ؽӢ䣬ұԵģؽ裬֪ССкθ밡
ûлشʹߣǳĿŷӵϵؾƵǡ
ֵǣĿѣʧְΪǵͳ˧Ҫһϵ
˵꣬קѾͬһ貵ĵâļٻûһŰ׵Ĺš
ؾƵǷ׷׳ڵâлһ̲̲Ѫ⽬һĶɢڵϡ
ȻȻؾפصķȥ
ѵΪֵǱôʹ
һᣬ㲻뵽®кöԸңѵΪֻѪ֮³һʱ֮ƥô
®ĸ֣ʹԵĻһ
ʲôȻ֪®
ûʲô˵ģһֹؾͳһǵ۹ĲġΪ®һ컯֮Ĵܹסؾˣ㲻ҪΪѪؾսʿۣҪΪΪս޹˸ۣ
˵Ѿ߳®Ҳܺʹʲô飬ɵգֱؾӪȥ
ʹ߱µûκθ鲨Ļסˣһʱ䣬ʹ߾Ȼбĸо
ۣۣ
ʹǰ·޹ߵ飬Щŭ
һսʹ߲Ŵӻþаѳ
ҵҪƾܸʲôĴۡ˻ߵھҰҰϾþûص
صӪУټеؾ죬ѾҰ̽õͨңڽںʹ߰ؾƳǵ޲ߣ
û˵Լ뷨ؾϷ׷սҪɨƽҰ
ҰһսؾҪǰδеļһսǲҪ򣬶һҪӮ®ʮָӣ൱죬ֻ׼ܹʵʩսƻ
ڽ߷߲ƽ԰οųһսؾĵĸ־еӴȻ䣬ڼľҰһսлԶԶ
ھҰսϣؾҪԺܶ⣬Щˣؾʮпȫ
ʱ򣬱ߵûнҪ޾ıˡ
סڽһȥ׼ͨľҰ鱨ȫ֪ÿһؾսʿĶС
ͬʱ׼У˴ߴٺ󷽲㹻ľе֮⣬ҪƳһЩװ
Ұսͷ۵Ī®еĸԻˣжҪܵӰ죬˵ͨؾսʿˡ
ƳһƷӦƵƷǻĿֻĿڲӰӾܹΧĻܹʵĳ档
®УһЩܹӰ˵ĸ󷨣ҲƳһܹӰĸоס
ƷȻƵѶȲ󣬵ڶʱװʮؾȻǲʵġ
ǵսʵ֮ƳƷֻҪ㹻׼ʤҲôңԶ


791 
ǵ۹ؾΧеĲ˾ӽҪװ𳡽ǰ߰׵Ʒ
ף˵಻࣬˵ҲˣϾЩʦȫԸĳɹҲûа취˵ʲôֻȴպ
ѡ˰ؾսʿеװ·սʿУǲǰ·ϣƺƵҰ
İǲӣҪľǸƽ®и󷨵ĸţؾ峡Ӷַܹؾơ
ҰʮλĴͣ£ԼǲӼǰĴ󲿶ӵȺźŲܽ롣
˻ĿͿŵĻ׷ǲӵؾսʿûܵĸţԺ͸Ŀ®Щ󷨵İ
Щ飬Ǳƻˣһ뵽ʵУʮ˽˳֣Ƽ᲻ɴݵĶʵǲһġ
һ뵽®У໥ӵԻø󷨳ңԻʵϲƽ󷨡
;󷨻͸ң㣬һԻ󷨣®иṩƵԻܹҵ޸
һʱҿûäĿ󣬷뵽ֹƻ޸УҲƲԻ󷨡
Ի󷨣û֧תϵҪƽ⣬ֻ󷨹ܵĽڵ¹ˡ
һ֣ڴӽ˹ڴָ˷ڴӷֳĸС飬ͬʱԻ󷨵Ľڵл
׵һ£ĸСŭ𣬰ıըԻôɢ
ǲؾսʿ޷оԻǰĲģΪǶƷЩûӦƷؾսʿ˵Ǽֱ֮
Ի󷨣صǾҰĴ·ƽ֮ؾźš
ǲӵؾӪӵźźӪóٶȣϵĵط
еӪսʿȰһһſȲҪżԪֻҪںеȺͿˡ
®ľҰ֪ǰжδ֪ĸ󷨣Ҫǲӽϸ
·ǰʮ޾ľҰҰƽԭˡǼصӲݣǲԱҰУգۼûããӲˡ
ǲԱһչǰܿвͬ쳣֮
ʹ߲µĸ󷨻治٣к֪ܶģҲкܶԱȽİġʲôĸ󷨣ֻҪԼӼ㣬֪󷨵Ľڵ
ǰ̽еǲԱȫصؾӪ
ԸӪսʿӦ׼ʲôλãӦ
ܿ죬ӪԪӪȫҰǰص󷨹ؾһͺ䡣
ָλãǸĽڵλãڵĺ֮£Щʹ߾Ĺһ뵽˻𺣵С
ؾӪʹ߰µĽرؾݻٵһɶ
ķ鷴ָڴݻ֮£ؾҰͦ
أЩˡΪ֪Ұĸأؾûܵһķⲻϳ
Ҫ֪ؾʱΪǰ󷨵ĸţؾ޷ǰǲӻӪʵʩıʱй˵ǺܺõʱɶԷΪʲôûôأ
Ȼһ飬ʸʲĽ죬ؾĵж١
ʲĽĻشȻһ֮£ողĸеʣڵĵѾĵ֮ˡ
ٶȣǰͦһؾӪͻʣ²һĵҩ
ҪʱǰͻȻЯػĴţؾҪԴġ
Ǹʹߴḷ̌
Ȼʱܹòµĵ㹻ؾҩʣǾֵõġ
ʹıѾõˣҰӴģ󷨰裬Ǽ֮γɵġغʹʵ̫ˣȻĿҰиؾôһ֡
ͣҲûдǲӣҰ̽飬ǰһλã˴ģŽơ
ޱ޼ʵľ¹½һ亹ؾķһ·ʣڵҩܷݻЩ¶˵
ʱؾ뵽䱻ľС
ŻĲĽӽ˶Է޽ķ£פ˴ӣǾš
ԷúȻǾƵģӪм伯˴ԼʮǾš
ȻһؾǰԷӪƶؾʵʩڴмǾŻ˳Ź
Ҫؾİ˼·߹ȫ˶һˡ
Ȼһû쳣һӷɵ˰յУյѾûκεӰˣҰǳ·һ϶ΧѾûԿе󷨲ˡ
ʹ߶ԼĲ÷ǳģǺʹߵʱ䲻ûﲼӰе󷨡
һ󵨵뷨Ժγˡ
Ǳ˻ȥԼƶսƻĽ졣
ؾ󲿶ӻҪǰУֻҪӳʱС
ЯڵǲӣǱԷǰ·۷ȥ󷨴мҵĴ죬ǲԱ״һĴ󷨸
ڵзӪǰЩԱǱڻĲݵУֻźһýڴݻٵӪԼ͵͵תƵӪǰǱؾ󲿶ӵ١
Լʱܿ͵ˡ
ʱؾӪȻػǰֹ˰죬ؾĴ󲿶ӿ˵зķǰ
Ϊǰؾ󲿶ӵﲢûлңͣ·𼴽ʼĲһʵսеľϰһ
еĺʹ߼ֱִ۾ĸоؾһ·ôķ¿϶һţæӦԳֵ쳣
ô£
ؾȻôеͣؾһ·ڿĵĵҩǺģʱӦ򣬲ֲܹڻȱݰ
ؾ̫ɺˣ
ԼⷽӪĵطͣҪȥĻ޽õķ¶ãɵȥԷƴⲻɵô
ںʹޱԥ޾ʱؾѾˡ
ʹ߰ЦǵôǵڻͷҲ޷ͻҵķջݵ㣬һҪɵ
ؾкͣĺ
ؾ䣬ؾʤ𣡡
ˡ
ؾӪʼŭ˵ķݵ˹ȥ


792 ݿ
ʹߵЦˣƾؾʣµڻ𸲸ǣǲԶԼķʵʩԴġ
ɣɣҵһѾþˣ
ʹߵĲؾĳ棬챬ը졣
ؾڹźţ
ڵӪǰǲؾսʿؾڹ֮ϴصĲݴг˳ֱ˵оӪ
˵Ŀⶼؾ󲿶ȥ˭Ҳû뵽Ƥ³ôһ֧ҪĶ顣
Ϊؾڵĺ˳ȫûڵˡ
ȵ˷ؾսʿǲؾսʿѾڿɹΧ֮ˡ
ؾսʿѵأЧչΣһкãһεڹ͵ˡ
ԶϣֻܵķݶڽϣܵĵطûС
ҿؾսʿҪĿǴݻڣȻӪսʿһҲܲˡ
ۿΡڵĺһɢܷ죬ӵʿﻹ˼̸ֿ֣ЩӪսʿ׷׿޵ǱӴܡ
ǲӵսʿݻٵӪ֮ϳصؾ󲿶УΪЩսʿ޷ֵǾŵĳġ
ʹһ׹ֲؾܹ޿֣ԭ˼ư
Ҫɱ㣬һҪɱ㣡ʹߵŭţķŭѾ޷ˡϧµܹҲ̫ˡ
ͬʱؾ󲿶ӿʼǰƣȻؾ󲿶ӵǰٶȲ죬ָһʸУúʹսѡ
ۿؾ󲿶ӽ뵽ڵ֮ڣʹܻͨѶģӪϹˣûؾɱˣôڣ
ͨѶﴫһƽͣúʹ׹Ԩ֪ӪˣѵͲ룬һŹӪôӪ㻹ʲô취أ
ʹߺܲʿͬһŵ⣡ֻҪҼزؾ󲿶Ӿ͵һӲ޽ķ°ɡߣ˵ʲôأЦе˰ɣ
ǸƵ˵ǰһ̣˭Ҳ˵ԼǾԵʤߡˣλãΪǵǣƣû취÷ջģķջ㶼ɣ治˼˳ҲЩջˡ
ʹһòͨѶӵϡջûˣؾĴͷͶըһǿԴݻԼ޽ķݵ㰡
ʵ㱾лܹ®赲סҵĲġΪİ׳ΪԼѵĻٵˡ
ĵ٩ʹ߼ֱҪˣ˵ҵĲ޷ģܹ֮Чȫñ޳ֶܵɹģ
úʹ԰꣬ʹ߽еԵɡ
®ԹһЧʲôɱԻЧǸضλܹԴԴϵ
Ȼһжܽġ
ʹİܱʾ®аĸ󷨣ЩȻܹ͵ˣܸ˴һ˺ȴǼ®۵
ʹ߽ڳ󷨸һؾڷΧӦ󷨹£ؾǵҩ㣬ԱҲҪ顣
ڣؾֻ˺ĵҩͼ®õݣֱԵˣѵǺʹ߰׳һս趨µֱӺô
ʹ߱˵ƿԡ
ʱؾĴͷѾХŵͷϣһſŸ߱ĵӴͷкʹ߾޽ķݵ㣬ҵصը֮£һ촷ֱۣӻ˷۳
úõţ֪ЩмλõǣȴûκεķӦƾըҲŲط
ЦΪʲô㲻ǽһγ棬ٻصӣѵеˣ
ʹһʱвʮĸо˵ҲЩƣҲǶԵģһˡȻˣǾ͸ɴ㣬ʲôأ
ŶСˡϻ˵Ҫǹ鸽ΪҲͶұˣֻҪͶҿʹ
ʹһЦ˵Ӯһս۾ΣΪѾɽˮ𣿱ˣвʱ䣬ҾͻгԮֵҳϸɲ㣬һʱܻǿԵġԾĳЦңȥһ㣡
˵꣬ʹذͨѶˤ÷飬չηϰգֱ˹ȥ
׽˺ʹ߷еӰ֪Լ׷ȥ׷ʹߵģԾͷ뷨
ԭҪǳľҰսȻչؾһдݿһĴ
ӵžͲ˵ˣӪһ٣ͷһִεĺըЩȫˣ˭ڵ˼Ƶĺը·
ýֺͷ룬Ҳ֪ĽµֿС֪ôġ
ɥؾڻըµĶʿȲϻ̤ɵ
ߵľǾţʮǾţʹ߾Ȼû´﹥Ŵͷը
ʰЩǣؾûõߵ򏎡
Ұսؾľʤա
ؾȻԱû˲ֱӡ
Ӫڵȫ⣬ͷĸ߱ķ֮ڵ֮ڵ沿ӳĹĵĸеʲ
ô˵ɣҪٴһξҰսĴսۣԥӳˣ
ָӴ˾Ұͣ
˵ʱ䱦󣬵òﵢһʱ䡣󷽵ĲҲֶϵϾһǺʹģҪһڵҪʱġ
󷽵ĿȫգŸĴ˲ҩ䡣
֪ʱȣʹĻҲвһߴٺ󷽼ӽ䣬һؾ
ڶ·ϣؾûܵκεĵֿ˺ؾĳرǰĳѾȥǿգؾģһճǡ
ͬʱҲݱʮǽؾнƫϵĸУȻͷ򱱣ؾûйĲеС
¸еĳ֮⣬ʲ׷ؾϱһ
ĽٶЩ⣬Ŀǰ̬ϵѾûκεĵֿ־ˡ
嶫Ӳ׽ǵ۹߾ֻǸʱϵ⡣
ΨһܹؾγвľǾţؾڿǾŷ棬Ѿ㹻ľ;еװ
ʱϴ󲿶ӣδЩʦڵĸо
ʵڽ֪ʱеĽǣҲ֪ͳһǵ۹ֻǸʱ⣬ȱǡǡʱ䡣
ҹ̣ʦһ
Ѿӵн֮ڣûиĲеʱ䣬ϻʦüоٶһռ޵ֿĳС
ʱ䲻˰һ㣬ȵʱ䣬춼첻ˣ


793 
ؾĳؾΪæµˣؾ󲿶ֻҪӵ򴫻鱨Ϳǰͣ
򲻵òڸĿźбҪ۷ܣʱش󣬻Ҫ۷ؾӪ㱨
Խǵ۹ĶؾԽɣ˺ֱͲǴ̣һо
Ͻ棬һȺɽѹشǶʮе̡
ѾûпŲĹսԿռˣؾڴشסؾ
ӲһӱؾȫסˣҪΪǱҪؾĵؽȥġ
ЩʵؽڶѾѹôСĿռˣֻҪŬŬܳ׽ӡ֪ôģͣ
ͷͣ˵ԽǵܾԽ񡣾ų֮Զһ֮ȥجΣҲݱ硣
ͷؽĹҲġҵһ뷨ؽҾ⸽ˣﳤ󣬶Ϥȥ̽Ϊؾõ鱨ϡ
һ£㿰񣬾ͶСĽԱȫΪһҪ񣬰˳ȥ
ոߣͽӵ˶ӵͨѶ
ͨͨѶо˵еֵֹĸо
ûһǼһ˵ȻҴҹصͨѶ
춫Ӻرʱ䣬Ҳر¸졣
ʰؽô³ˡ
оЩԣæʵӣ㲻ΪЩ¶ɣ
ӵЦһЩ飬ʱܳԣؽˣѵǾͲܺúô
ԽеӣǲǷ˽ǵĻҹȥ㡣
ӷһŨϢĴЦؽû뵽ģȻа컯Ū˰ô˵ҷĵĶ˵ллͩ㣬ҲԵǳ
϶һǳˣǺȵӣңȥ㡣
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֮Ҳ֮Ҳơ
ӶӵĻһȻȻ
ӣ㱾ԲҪ
ؽ֪ĵġӺʹ߰Ͻ¼޹գսʿƳǣҾѾԼ޿ˡˡҩԶԿʹߣһжܹƵˡллʱ̸һ˿ϵİο
˵꣬ӹصͨѶġ
ùһ澵ӣžϸԼݡ
Ҳ֪˶ãʹ߹һڶӵǰ
ΪˣôҪĹͷ㾹ȻһԼʹ߻ԴŻ
ӺİֱߵľһˤԶʹߣôˣɸʱһֱܳһʱһķȲѵǱԭα¶ˣ
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ס죡гϣ·ֻصָ߸ϵƣˣҼǣ޹ǶʩôҲʩĻӦɱܹĶ顣
ʹ߻һͷת˶ӣѵ㻹ڶҩ޾ʹĥУҷô
ߣҲû˰ɣȻǽ˶ϰɡ
ʹһͷϵɴ¶һŲ԰׵òһѪɫʹЦ㹶ӲдȻôʶ̧٣ǾΪĹװɡ
ȻоԼ˫һӱʹߵ۾סˣʹߵ˫ۣ·׵̶ӸоԼȫʶȫС
أӸоԼʶһʧգҲûʶĲˡ
ߣһСҲҲã˿ܣ˵ʲôʲôˡ
汻жͨѶоͬѰ
Ͻһؾսʿ˴󲿶ӣɿ򶫻ӽĵ̸طɱȥ
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һ˶ԼϿ˼ʹҪü̵ĳǷؾĽӶﵽʱĿġ
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ɵ˰֮ϣȵķֶʣĶʮУȫļʯǽ帲ǣͨʶɨǽʯ棬Ǻ沿ӡ
ǵ͵ĹƣؾܹƳţĻУؾ󲿶ӸչˣܹʵоѹƵĶߵҲû֮ء
ҪľǺʹѡسеĵΣ߱¡ĵμѹͲչܵڳе棬һؾӪ޷Чչ
˰죬ҲûЧİ취һ֮ؾʮһӪϸ
ĸĲ࣬ЧڣеͰڲһӪ
ǿڿڶԳչڻִѻڳʯǽŲһС롣
ҪڻĻؾھҪǰŲôؾǵķϣȴľݵڵȺ
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˵꣬µʱ䣬൱ݳ޵Ķˡ
ҹߣһսеķʤʱϲ
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˴ʣϰǰԼ˵ϻ˵е㶼ˣǲʲôش֣
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ؽҲ̫˰ɣô֪һֵģ
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ͶأЩżԼ֪㱨
ȷʵͬԤϵһڸʱҲֻǿ޷˽⡣ʣĳǳѾȫյˣ㻯һֻ϶޷õһ鱨
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ɽಽѾûйˣȼ˻Ϊ
ҲļŷλȻɽ۵·ɽȷʵسеķȥġ
ԽԽͣɽʪķΧҲԽŨ
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Ϊڰԭ򣬶ԵףʶУȴûиоôҲǳ
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ĳݣѾäĿĵزô˵һӽסˣһҲҶ
ΣûзʲôΣյʵؽܲ΢һ°ţеܲˡ
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ҵ˼ǰߣûһ
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һЦûлشʾұ𶯣Լǻ߽ܶġ
һ߽ܶģܶ΢Ĺâһӱ貵Ĺâ
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¸ŵעԤϵֻܶġ
ڣվܶģܶϵĹâ·һϵƱڶЩ貵Ĺâ˷ϵǰϷڳһš
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֮ʣīԼĽԼΪƽ
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󺧣Ĵ½֮ϣʲôǿûʲôûо
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һΣ͸оһĪѹɽһԼѹ
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ϸ΢ĸκν̿鶼޷ڵģֻͨʵսۻԼľ顣
ˣԼ֮ͨʱرעʱİա
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ʱֻǱսҪкõĻᣬǾֻðűԷɵΣȥȡ
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أԽԽɣȻܹо֮ͨٶЩŻ
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һ㣬һֱӾͰѾ˽ָУƾ֮ͨôҲܲˡ
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˼յõ˸ջͨԵϲУ˵Ļûͷûԡ
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ڳǽʱ򣬳ݵеʿս׼һؾսʿϴӸ¾ݵܼĻ
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ڳзʵڼ̣ڶݶ󣬵һݶڻԱս
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ӸľݵһȡǼӺӹ̵ķÿһʮǡ
Ҳ湻ģЩǶУؾսʿӵʱЩǾͻᱻͷų˽ĽӴؾսʿ޷ʹöԸǵĸ߼еֻܸǽⲫ
ڵĿռʮСؾսʿսܣǽнɱؾսʿ
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ĵķǱ̬еĵ·ȫ֮䶼ʯסҷµǽʮָߴɶߣؾսʿͲܷԽȥ
ݶӵľһ£ɸսʿǽϿɳսʿոǽ壬ͱһžѻپͷ˹۲뷨
ؾһ¶ΣеڴӼԷµǽڵ⣬ŰΧķǽը
Χǽ屻ըͬʱӷǽĺӿǣֱؾսʿ
Ϊ̫ǰǺؾսʿ֮û룬ȵؾսʿҪʹöߵ򏎵ʱѾؾսʿһ
ⲫУռԵϷ磬ؾھеͻ˸ǽⲫսȻǶһı
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ݶӵľߵ򏎵Ķ󳷣¹룬Ȼݶӵսʿˡ
ڶߵ򏎵ڻ£ĸݶӵؾսʿǱ˳Уصӵߡ
һεĳйսؾܡĹ飬սһܹ࣬óսĲÿһ϶˲ʡ
Ϣǰߣϸ˽ⷢ
Ѿúܴˣû뵽еķԼĻҪ̬ըǽˣؾ顣
ݼٵдϢĻᣬİ취ϧѪҲҪ˵
ھܵŪУŲҪֻҪаŵλãһҪһڡ
ըҺݺݵը


797 Ӹϸı
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Ϊ˰УؾսʿҪһ·ȻٰһС
ڿĵλãΪ̫ʯǽ壬ؾսʿ˺ôľǰʮһŵڡ
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ʱƣһù뵽ĵؾսʿ峡Աڣһ˲ԣרԷµ·ʩڻ
һݽֻؾսʿһˡ
ĵķݽΧĽһǰУһؾսʿԷݽ˷ݽͨǾͻӵ
˽ĶԾУߵ򏎵ؾսʿóȻдˡ
͵ؾսʿòýսķʽǣؾսŶԳĵز뼱
ΪӦ棬뵽ÿһݽУȻɶߵ򏎶ǽлԵĴ
սˣؾƽٶ쳣һһҲΪ
УеʵĲǺܴ󡣵ؾսʿСҪľ˷ʱ䡣
һ£ҪǰʽѶʣеҪСʮؾսʿ
ҪʱǾԲã
Ҫıֲľ棬Ҫµս
еؾټһ𣬿ڽûʲôµ˼·
һؾϽ˵ؽؾǵ˲ȡͷսԷҪ³УͲòȡǿİ취£ҪӿٶȺͼ͵ýбͺըڰڲҿôͷֲӦÿС
û˵ŹĽͰѻӹȥˣСڹǵĹУҷ˴ķջݵ㡣ЩݵټܴεĴͷҲһ뱻䣬ʣһ޷Եз̵дݻԵĴġ
ѾռУܲյأڰȥٽйأ
뷨ˣҪڱʱΣ뷨ʧΪһ׵İ취ڵʱ䲻
ʣггǷǴΧܲõġЧ̵λϣ޽Եļ̽Ȼֹ㣬ȴǷǳģҪλϼڣͱҪƽΡ
ԷȻǲ뵲ס㣬ֻҪϹʱͿˡ
ؾ׷׽ԣҵִܹеսսȴûһ
һԲЦһǿ˿ôˣ
ҡҡͷ˶٣żæ˵ؽи뷨Լûĵ
仰һ۵ĴһӾ˵ĿһӼеϡ
һɫͨ죬ͷȥ
ɫв˼֮սʼڿƻĵĴ뷨ġʲô뷨˵ڽ˵˼·̫ͳˣһĵ뷨
ݺ˿ĭ˵ۿ˵ˣ˭Ҳ׼Ц
˼·ڵǰԵĳйⲻǼ̵ĳǷǶԷеضơ
ΪԷƵĶأؾսʿòֱǵĽսսЧǶԷƺãҲϣõġ
ؾڵ˼·Щˣֻػݻټ̵ĳǷ뵽ͬС
˼·ؾҪСģָɵأ
⻰һؾ׷ױʾܡ
Ϊڱ̬ĳǷУȡػģʽǾͻóǷڻػͶߵ򏎵ĹֱؾսʿսսʷͳƣһҪʮģУ
ȴ뵽˳˼УΣȻЦ˵úãʵǵȷ˼άϵƿˡ
ָǰйľȡըǽ⡣ĹؼؾȥˣҪһؾݵ
˼άƿʲôطأ̸ؾսʿսеսԶԶǡ
ǰеĹУؾӿеУΪ˼ǵĽսòȡգݻ٣ɱķʱ˷ı취
еؾսʿĽսǣһʲôأ
ڽĻסˡ
ڽϰ˼άݣؾսʿĸսǣôըǽֻ֮Ҫӿĵ沿ӣͿռС
Ϊؾսʿĸս֮󣬽ݵͲýзĸ׼ֱӽ뽨ݵɱ
һƵÿݵǵķԷ㡣
˵ǹÿһݵУ޷γɼʽıսЧǻᱻƵġؾǼʽսһεݵ㣬ǲƱռݾġ
ЦؾսʿսͽˣλҪϺң÷ʱı취ڵĳнйԺǣסˣõ˲֪µ˼·һסҩ˷ѣսʿսһҪҿƺˡ
ǰߵ飬ϷϻǣѩеʦһʦһЩӣһҲЩʦһЩҩ
ڶĹسڣؾսʿòս˼άϵĸı䡣
һѣػ¹򣬲սʿĸʵ
ʱ뷨ǣȻԷǣؾⷽҲͨƵҩؾսʿʵӲ
ʵƵĵҩҪ󲢲ǺܸߣǲΪ磬ܹǿ̶ҲǿԵġ
ֻҪؾսʿܹﵽצݵĹôؾսʿǵĽսУִھƵԶĳΪʷ
ǰڴս뷨붼û룬Ϊµ֣ò뷨ᵽʵ
ʵһʦĸʵĵҩҩġ
ЩҩҩЧʮңױһȺܣЩҩƫϡٵҩѾˡ
ʦҩһҩЧºͣԴڻ׵ҩ
ؾʵ㵽һԭϵģǸ޷Լʱ䡣
еʦؾǰٵʦǼһ¡
һӢϹһĨЦݣ˵λΪδŬϣλܹ±ص˼룬׳Լӣؾǲǵģ


798 ǿ嵤
Ϊ˼ҵĹ飬ЦݵرʾֻҪǵķӱɣԸøߵȼӽвǾΣ
Ļʦɧ
˷׷ױʾ֮ôӦؾĺ٣ԲǳĸߵȼģΪ½δġ
ӺͱӵʩûǣѾ˾޴ķ߿˶վؾһΪַŭԹ
Ѿˣǹϵÿһ˵
ˣڳʦ׷װҪʮӻԾذԼΪĸʣʵӹ׳
Ҳû뵽ģԤƻмʮӾͲˣ֮ķж֮࣡
һѹסļ˵λ²ллˣΪʱȣҪоҩоԺҪλʦæƣʱ޷ҽˣ԰ꡣ
ʦǷ׷ױʾ⣬˵ԼȥоԼȡ
еĵҩӽңŵӽϸµо
Ⱦ޳Щҩ̫ºҪʱõģ޳
ҩ̫ͣһܲ˵ģ޳
ܻӦģ޳
ԽΪشӰģ޳
˵һֵ޳ʹӶŵ޳һʮŷӡ
ʣµʮӣҪоˡ
Щ޳ӣǾʦǧĥγɵġ޳ΪؾʵΪ⡣
ʣµЩǷоĥ¾޳һЩӵġеķȷʵؾĿǰҪ󣬵õҩ̫ϡҪһʮҪ󣬲̫ʵ
еķƹ̹ڷҲ޷ؾ
һֵ޳ѡе
ҩƽܹͣ˲ʱͨսʿǿȣûнϴĸãҪĸζҩҲǺϡеģƹҲܹʵִƵġ
ΪʹҩЧϡ
öҩԾʯϬţƤ⣬ǶǵĽǣݣ쾧ʯΪϣħݺһǿ޵ѪҺΪƳһȫµĵҩ
ΪλԵҩģƵĵҩΪǿ嵤
ǿ嵤ҩ򵥣ҩЧȴǷͬѰġ
ʯϬţзǳǿĴڡʯϬţܹǿ޽гʢ˥ľƤޱȡѾʯϬţƤҩʳҪܹ侫ͲǼ򵥵ģһʵķԾ
ǶǵĽǣмӲĹ֮һһҲѷɫõĴɽ޵צֻҪܹѷǶǵĽںϵʳߵƤ֮䣬ʳ߾ͲǷצˡ
ҿݣܹѪĴڣݷĶ뵽ʳߵڣʹõʱͻǶǿҲһ˺
յḺ́Ͼʧգǿ嵤ҲеȫֳΪֲ쾧ʯļЩ˳ˡ
쾧ʯһּΪϣ״̬ʱӲʯֶηָ֮󣬾ͻ׼ӹ쾧ʯǶԾʯϬţҩĵش󲹳䡣
ħݺĳ޵ѪҺǸҩģǿ嵤ܷЧҪȫζҩĵĹЧˡ
ħҶ߶ҪЧĥ֭֮󣬿ںκεĲϡʯϬţƤ⣬ǶǵĽǣҿݣ쾧ʯȫħݵ֭Һںҩԡ
ѪҺǵ㾦֮ʣѪҺΪǿ嵤ڵѪҺǿ嵤͵ߵټҩЧﵽյĿġ
ڣԳһˣоϣǿ嵤ûκˡҪľѰԭˡ
ǿ嵤ĸζҩĲǺϡУؼЩؾճҩӦôġ쾧ʯ֮⣬ҩԭ϶ûС
ҪڶʱڴЩԭϣͱҪԼȥһ㡣
оǿ嵤ķٵľ۾úϢһʱȣǿ񣬴ǳɵǵ۹϶˵ĻɽС
ǵ۹кܶĵطлɽҰĴڣлɽҰкСǵ۹϶˵Ļ֮ǹģĵطҪѰ㹻ޣĵط
ʯϬţҵޣⶫϲȺӣҳԱ֮Ըҵһ޴ˮԴˮϢ
ڰ֮ϣӴȺǺ׷ֵġ
һıԵ˴ľʯϬţ
Щһ￴ӶԱˣеˮϴ裬еڰߵĲݴС
£һӽ˾ʯϬţȺ塣
ʯϬţĸӦʮȺԵʮɵʱ򣬾ͱʯϬţˡ
ЩһתͷһôһʱöԹϢš
ʯϬţӵ˵ʱʯϬţƤʮͳǱƤɢʯĹʡһϾʯϬţȺޣǳǿĴڣ˭ӡ
һ߽˾ʯϬţȺڿʯϬţȺԶʱ򣬿ļʮͷʯϬţͷת䷢˺ܲѺõ
ӦþǾʯϬţȺľΧԵˣֻҪ߾ʯϬţͻѽеκζΪصĵˣᷢȺ幥
žʯϬţȺԥһ¡⵹ЩһƵķõʯϬţƤ⡣
Ϊǿ嵤ҩģҪʯϬţƤǲܵݻԵĴģܹΪǿ嵤Ҫӽȥ޵ѪҺʯϬţƤеѪҺҪŸɾ
ţһֻŲԾ̤뵽˾ʯϬţطΧڡ
һ޺һֻ޴ľʯϬţڵһվͷͳ˹
û뵽ԼһȻôķӦҪ˳ʱʯϬţѾ嵽˽ǰ
ʯϬţ˶ǿᣬҲ㣬ϵһɵĳǺһСɽ˹ϾʯϬţǰϬţǣһɨ
ȭӭžʯϬţţǾ˹ȥ
ֻһ죬ǧľʯϬţһȭɣˤ䵽ϡ
ʯϬţȶûеȣôһغˡ
ɵҡͷ̾ʯϬţǷˣⱻԼһȭܶɽˣѪҺ쵽һû취ҩġ
мȭ޷ﵽĿģͨԵק˳
û뵽ǣۿԼͬȥľʯϬţȺΧҪͨԵקɭɭĵþʯϬţȺеһв
޶ڸоĴʽΪֱӣеͨԵϵͷܡ
һɵ۵Ĵңʶιܰ
󣬿ھʯϬţĶȴͬһ㣬׷ҽţܵøˡ


799 Ƕ
һǧͷӴľʯϬţɢӣǶô׳۵ĳ档
һż˫ͨԵڽľʯϬţ˹ȥ
һʹͨԵΪżûûأͨԵࣵһͷųһĵâ
âΧʮͷʯϬţȫĵâһΪ
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治֪ûϲǸÿ޳
Ϊ޶ȱʯϬţƤ⣬ʩչܵÿʯϬţߣÿʯϬţͷʹÿʯϬţƤⲻ̫ܵȾ
еľʯϬţһѾʯϬţϵ˺ӱ߾źˮƶǣϴ˾ʯϬţ壬ŸɾѪһŵ˽ָڡ
չ㣬ЩʯϬţ壬ӦùԤǿ嵤ˡ
һҪѰҵľǷǶǡ
Ƕ޵ȼʵߣѾⶫԻϰڶһİϢŸ߶ȵľֲԾܡ
˵ǲ׽ˣǷټЩѡ
ʱӴޣڸ޵ϰָơǶȻȴǳϲһֽޡ
ĸйٷǳٶ죬˵󣬷ǶǱܵζ
Ĳ׽ѶһҲȷǶǲѨӵޣǶ˺һֻҪܹҵĳѨץϸһֻֻ㹻շǶǵˡ
ĳѨǽͱڵмλãĳѨѡиȫϢ
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ץסһֻնͿˣû뵽ر̬ԶԶľŵζһѷĶѨС
±˺ĶѨ̽ȴǸѨĵ׶֮£ֻһȭ˰壬¶¶֮¡
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˿ڣ˩һŹľϡһУصԱߵĹľС
Ҳع۲ΧֻΧĶͿˡ
ʱ͵󷢳˿־֨֨
ΣղŻᷢ
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ʶޣʶУ޵Ҳˡ
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ջʶȫһʱ״̬˿ĶΪǶǵĸоǳһ˿һĶᱻǶǲ׽ʱһԥתӡ
׽ǶǵΨһǷǶɱʱǸʱǶǵȫעϣӦԳٶۡ
ȻǶͣͣ⶯·ſеϢ
һѵǷǶŵԼζܰԼѡ·ͷλصġ
Ƕµһ̲ѪѪҺΧͣš
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ವһ£ǶǾȻֱתˣ
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аʱͼǶǹ۷
ýƻ
ŵ˵ζΣգܿ۲᲻ȵ۲쵽ûΣˣۻζ
Ͳһˣҿڶһ˲˴еĹؽڡ
Ƕһӽ󣬿ཱུ壬ǶǵĿˮεδ
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ȻǶצĹȥУŭһӲ˳
ûϵǶǵһצӣȻǸ̽ǶǵעΧһ˲䣬ǶǾȷλá
ǶһͷǼϵĶǣͳ˹
µٶȶ磬Ƕǵķһײؿڡ
һ죬ǶǱײý˺üͣоؿڴһʹû뵽Ƕǵһ֮¾Ȼô
˷ǶǵķǣԼΪǿΪʲôĸоˡ
ǶǵķǳһǾ׶״ǵǰ˸һ񡣷Ƕǵһ֮ȫСĽǼ⣬Ĺ͵һǵȭ
յϢһڣǶһĨͷܣ׷ᡣ
ȻľٶȱȷǶǵҪ죬Ƕʮֽƻһξ͸ı䷽һ¾ͳ嵽ǰͷʧȥ˷Ƕǵټֲòתͷٴ׷Ƕǡ
أԼе׷ȡúõЧͷٶڷǶǵš
һǶ۷򣬶޷׷Ƕǽ֧׷һȭ
ȡ˷ǶǵķǣǹҪʮǿ嵤Ҫʮķǡ
ȻɱǶǺܷⶫǲɻȱģֻնһδβɱ
ܹķǣŰˣⱻԼõСһҲе㲻˼ˡ
һҪȥռѸ㵽ҿˡ
˵ҿѸ㣬ָҿޱΪҿĻʮն
ҿһ㶼ҽϢֻʳʱŻ
ҿʳܴһͻʳԵĶܹ൱ءԱ֮ҿͻûҽУü²
ҪҿԱ˲ɾҪҽץˡ
ѾһҲҪҧȥ


800 ҩ
ɵ˰գһֱϷ˽ǧҵһʺҿĵط
һɽȺ緢ĻɽĻɽҷգ˳Żɽʳҽ㼯һݵشΪеµԴṩڵҽﲢܽʯ
ڰУؿвٵҿҽϷÿһҿͨɫҪǲĻΪҽеʯͷ
ҿҽжɣ˽ҽ׽ҿͷ
ҽγɵĺһصλͣغԼ͵͵۲ҿĶ̬
˺ð죬Щҿ˿ûϰ˼һҽ˾ԭϢһͷҽУð¶ͷ
۲һòɵȥˡһ취Լնҿ
ӽָȡһ߾ʯϬţ壬ӵҺİߣԼҲ˾ʯϬţԱߣ۾װ
ҽɢܿͰѾʯϬţζζһҿᵽ
ᵽζҿϾʯϬţӿһϰžʯϬţӿ
ǲǲ
ʯϬţǿҲûеֵסҿļ˶գۼͱʳһա
ɨ˾ʯϬţ壬ҿҿǲ֪ޣжԾͲ³
˶ҿһٿҧЩҿû뵽ǣܹҧʯȻûа취
ҿ̷ǳ֮ͣ״ͲȥʲôǷҧ壬вҧ岻ݵļơ
ɱҿȡݣҿ񣬷Ǹʡˡ
ҿԽԽ˺ҧҲԽԽ
ıġ
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ЦһЩݵҿڻҽһЩҿ˺ҧ塣
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Ҳ뵽֮Уǿ嵤ܹãҪߵȼ޵ѪҺܴ߷İ
ǸߵȼһѪԵȥѰҵȼָߣѪ˳ѪҺ
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Ϊǿ嵤Ǽаټ֮γɵһָߵȼĶóƷ֮У˾֣
˵оҵĵȣɰĹأʦҲóȡĵ
ʦǷ׷ױʾ԰ǿ嵤
ΪʲôΪһ㶼̰ѡ޳


801 ǿʨ
˵ʱݳ޵Ķ
ѡǲñʦԼġⲻǲűʦеʦƵҩƵҩĹУͬһŵƵḶ́ҲΪԶַĲͬƳĵҩһ
ûаǿ嵤ڸؾսʿǿʵУҪǵҩв죬ʵҪǳͲ֪ˡ
Ūԭϳ㣬ʦһֵҩԱʱ֮衣뷨ԼԺҪûд⣬ʦƳĵҩʹЩСëҲܿ˷ס
ʦǳƵҩԼһںڵױױ¹۲ǿ嵤ʲôЧ
ľ飬ʵĵҩ˲޴ʹࡣܾǣǿ嵤ױֻǻȣûгֺܴʹࡣ
֣ϸѯױĸܣȷױڵǿ嵤ѾȫҩЧˡ
ЩϳΪһ߶ƽ壬һҪɲηҴǿʣƱػ嶯̬ƽʧ⡣
ҵڻƵģ϶ݲľޱڣڹ̻ش̼񾭡ҲһұĻƣǿҵʹл߲ʡ
ǿ嵤ôûķӦѵǿ嵤ûǿã
Ŷױ˴ױǿޱȡķǿ嵤ǿױսʿǿ̶ѾܹܵǵצĹ
ǿؾսʿǽսؾսʿԻռϷ磡
ס飬ʶ̽ױڵҪҿǿ嵤Ϊʲôôº;͸ıױʡ
ͨ۲죬ԼȥѪҺЧҪ֪ѪҺпѪĳѪҺǿ嵤ҩĶĳѪҺء
ǿ嵤뵽ױڣҩЧܿɢȫÿǿ嵤ͷŹĸҩЧʱѪҺͻͷŸҩЧﵽ˻ͷҩЧʹܹܸҩЧĻͷţ
һжҪ鹦ѪҺΪǾ˸ʵģѪҺиʵļ䣬ܹԸʵ̽ЧĿơ
һУɵϲ֣ǿ嵤̫µҪˡ
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ڣ䷽Ѿˣֻǿ嵤
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СӵأȻû˻ĵı̬ӹǽ̫ˣһƽѱСӲ
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һǵĶ̱Уûж֣Ҫ۲һǿսʿʵսս
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־һʧеսܹӳ
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һ޷Чɱ˶ʱǻʲôв


802 
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սĽУսǿսʿԽԽӦ֣ɱǵٶҲԽԽ졣еսʿܹڶǵʱԼǿҰĽӽǣĶ̱һӹǵѨһеУ
Ľǳһǿ嵤סʵսļ顣
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ӵб̬ʵǣǲµġӵǵǣȴɵġ
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ۼ޴ԼץһұۣԼһ첲ݵ˾޴ǵ
ǹþ޴ץסԼոǿؾսʿһԿµӡʵ̫ˡ
ĴɱҪǲ˽һ¾ĹģδսϿҪԴġ
һһﵽжĹһ´һս
۵һ޴ץסұֲۣ濪ìһָǰؾʹ˹


803 شս
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804 »ս
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ʱ˭б˵黳Ͳͳ˧
ʮڻӪƽʮﴦԤأޱ飬˵һ
ɵʮӣƽؾǰʮ²ڵӪڸӵڻѸռؼڡ
ʹԶԶع۲죬ôҲû뵽ôָӾӡ
µԲؾ¼ǷǳǵġճӦóϵ£ɢ¶оУȻڽлǡ
ȻĻԷУһͻӪġ
ɲûؾڵǺʹ̵ġʹһǰƣһôֲǰء
ˡ
ؾӪȿڵһ˶Էء
ԷֲзĴЩڰչγܲ͸ǽڡ
еڵȫڰձһſڵıըЩҲըòȱȫ䵽ϡ
һĻʹߵشЦڸûã޵УóıԣһҲ
ԷӪҲڵϼܺãʹؾڲʵڻѹơ
ؾڶԷڻ𣬿ûһİ취
ʮӺӪؾսʿֻŶԷڵһſԼը䡣
䡭


809 
һڻؾӾϡӵĳԱɲؾĴҺӿ
˿ʼäĿҴܣеʼܡ
ִǰά־ͣߣɱۣ
һִսʿק彣ͳ嵽ǰ棬ִӽٺȵӵţϻصȥӴܣ͵
˵䣬Ѿвִսʿһȵִо
ִӵսʿȥһҿɱ˼ʮӱסӱ龰ӱǸϽֻصǰϡ
ʱԷĵڶڴˡһֵڻңһؾӪϸӣֻʣ²ˡ
ޱиӶԱҳȥռӪأ
ʣʮӣ£ʼ˳ŵˡ
ʹԵ쳣˷ܣսб仨ˮǱӴܵĶԼĲӣڿؾͺ˹һʢһ˲ѡ
ĳ棬⿿ѹƲסġʹԴͷӺըΪȵڻΪڻʮ˵ǾŽз档
ʱںʹߵԺУѾؾܵ龰
ؾзΪʤô
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ʹۿؾ沿ӣǵʮҪǰһֲӳ壬ؾʣĲƱصϻȫѹƣӮˣ
еţȫǰнעⱣֶΣʹʱضǴ⡣
й۲սϵ̬ƣؾں͸ոռսĴͷ˫ػʧء
һڵȥмʮӶԱ죬һִεڴмĸӶԱ
ӱϾͬҵĻ£Щ֮ͽе˺£Ϊȱ飬ҴԼ˰Լ˶١ҪǺִӣЩӿ϶Ҫˡ
ĽӴϣؾȫ·磬ĿǰýӴսı֡
ڣзǰˣȵľᣡ
ͷӳסһҪȰѵ˷ֲӸˣȻյӪ˳ԹʹֶΣ¾սľܷŤתҪͷӵĺըЧˡ
Ժʹ˵ĵľؾĻϵͳȻؾڱѹסˣͷһֱû¶棬һֱǺʹߵǡ
һؾķӳʹ߾ͷһ롣ؾôڣػӲֻܵʧܵˡ
˰ɣ֪ΪĴͷ׼ǿķջǼ֤
˵ʹ߾˵ȥˣΪؾĴͷΧһ״
ⶫʵ̫ˣˣԼƳĴ
ⶫȻˣ
һʱ䣬ʹ߱ףĳָ̫޳ˣҵƷƷ˵õͷϡǵ͵Ա˵Ĵ⣬˲ݵΪ
źԶٺЦˣôҪ˵׵ô㣿Ƴǣֱ˷ָҲ֪ж٣Ӧָ㣬Ķֵõָֻš
ʹܻ˵Ҷ֮أķռôҵǻ޵еģĵ沿ӰɣǺǣʮۿžˣл֮ô
˵Ŷ԰ллˣʮϽڵΪҪԸ㣬Ҿ͸Щ˵ֻҪ뵽ַ˰ʿ׼ܻһʹΪЩָһмֵĵ·ĸл㰡лл
ʹһɫҰףʲôЩֻɵڻң湻ݵģЩڻȡҴжóûؾʵʩ
ߣҪ߲ȡҧĹ̬ƣ̿ô򰡣ЩȡսҲãҲãǸ˫Ӯľɡ
ߣûʱ̣⣡ʹҧгݵ
˵ûʵ˵ɡ
ʹ߸о˲ڶʮǳȥְеǲȫͶȥ
ʱؾͷѾٵԷֲӵͷϡԷķջһ뿪ؾͷǰγһܲ͸Ļ
ϧؾĴͷҵĻظͲܲˣķӲԤĿ塣
ջž˷ϣеڻȫķһ˺Ҳûܵ
ֲӵͷϣؾأµķҷֿ¶ͶĲλ
ݡ
һſŸ߱Ʒһ£Էֲܵ˱͵ĺըûзκεһ̳
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ؾɵֲӣϵͷԷӪһٿըзӪҲ˲仯ΪС
ʹߵڵѪûڲӵĽ죬ӪʱƴճģڵУڵûˣָĽûˣٶҲһ
ڣؾѾʵʩ̺ʽĺը
˵沿ûʲôսЩ沿޷ģ沿һҽܣֻʣǾţûʤϣ
ߣеĽ̰Ԥķչ
Ӿ˶ԷڴըټϸǽӴѾˡ
ڣӵĴ쵽ˡ
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Ǿţըڶߵ򏎴еľѻ֣ʼ׼ǡ
أǽ뵽˾ѻֵ֮ڡÿѻΪһС飬һС׼һǡ
׼С鳤ṵͨԱ׼һȫ빥״̬鳤һѻ
ѻ죬ھ޴սмţǾѻĴЧȴ˶ޱȡ
һСžѻ׼ȷ˳ǵؿڡ弸ǿ޵еĳǣһӱѻ͸塣ֻǳ˶һΣصڵϣҲˡ
ߵ򏎴ҲʼͨǾŷ䶾ߵ򏎣ݵ첻ڶͨڶߵ򏎵Ĵ£һͷʧȥս
һٶǻžǿһϣ£ϣ¡
ؾԣҩĴ£ǾžȻؾǰ߶ûг嵽ȫ군ˡ
ʹ߳׾ˣؾʤѾ޿ɱˡ
ڣΨһ·ߣǾɱֻиɵܹŤתľ棡
һ̣ʹɫ˫ͨ죬


810 ǿ߶
ݣƾ˶أֻܹвϵغɱ
ģһɫĹ⻪ըӶӾӵĺֱؾ
ĺãôʰ㣡һȵľڣǺʹ߲֪ʲôӾǽԼȫϢڲ
սϵ̫ܹ࣬չʶҲ޷ٶݵʱȷڣοʿǲƶģѰҵ鷳
ںʹԼðˣǾʡ¶ˡ

һţǷһ
ţ˫Ȼֱ㶵ذεضĵطʹѾڵȴˡ
ּˡ
ϵأʹߵĻﾹȻʮƽƺѾȴ֮ĶԹ
һ֣˵һֱڵ㡣
ٺ٣ɣôŬվǵסĸΪ̫Сʹµ۾һɣ¶һĨ
νػ˻ƣ˵ۣС٣㲻Ҫ磬ֻҪǾûа취
ǣ
ʹһЦ֪˽ǴģŵؿҲ֪ˡⲻҪǿߵ۾ߣһȺСӴֵĵطǱѹΪܹͬ
Ȼڸ࣬ôǿҲǿ󲻹ǿߣ
ҳȷЩ£ǿУͲʲôۺٺһЦϵϢǿ
ԥصͷͬ˵˵ĲǿߵҾһֻСϣһֻҧ˵ϡҲҧһ⣡
ߣ
ʹһҪʹЭ⻰˵һͱ»ȥˣ˵ܡ
ߵܲãѾûжʱͬϻˡ
ϻ˵ɣʹ߳ŭһĺ
۾һʹߵƾȻ֮ǰҪǿһЩ֪һΪλõô죬˵ĳ鵤ҩĹЧ
ķʹƱˣҲʰеĲмȫĵͶ뵽ս֮С
ڷɷֻزȣ㳢ҵʹߵ翣ѾʧƬɫɷ֮С
˫ͨԵסʶɢֵʵʵģһһͻ롣
ˡ
ǿײضϽսҲܵһЩǣ
ΣʹߵٴǺɫɷ֮кĴŭ
һ̣һͷͷͱ뺷Ǿٵ޳˳צس
Цһ˫һϬĹ⻪ͨԵ赭дһӡ

һ۵ĵâնֱ㶵ӭЩɷ޶ȥ
꣡꣡꣡
ɷޱɵնΣʹİŻ뵽˺ɫɷ֮С
СŪ治֪ôġмƲƲ֮ͣǰ˽ʱЩûжô
ʹȴǲƺгֻЦϵش߶źɫɷγһĹ
֮Уɷ޵ԽԽˣͨԵٶҲԽԽ졣
أһЩͷĵطЩɷٱնɱ֮γɣϵسĹǺʹ߻Ͼûʲôģ
ʱ䣡
⼸ùսûжӰ죬ʹ֪˻ȥ߱Ȼıġ
üͷ΢΢ţʶֱͿֱֱز뵽ɫɷ֮УѰҺʹߵӰ
ʱžȵطֺʹ߾ȻĲӰˡĻɷһͲ
ԣ϶ʲôҺˡһͨԵĻٶȽÿһҲô󿪴ˡ
һ̣һڵӰӴ¶ǽ廯ǧĺʹߣ
ȥɣʹ֮˫֮һɫĳͨڣɢϢ
Һ׼ͨԵһһס˺ɫİԵ
ʹ治ɫǳֱӻɫɷֱӳȥ
ͺһ³ֱӽǺɫɷɢˡɫɷɲ򵥣Ȼ׽ġ
ٳһʹһ𣬺ٴ۳ΪֱŶ
˫һɣһӻͻȻһ룡
ͨԵ˵һ⻪⣬ǿҵϢֱӳ嵽֮С
ˡ
˫յ߸ߵؾٹͷǿ¡
ʹߺٺһЦֻɫֵһ£ͱ롣
ۼŶֱ룬ȴû˿ϲáһ̣ͼ廯ŨܵĺɫɷƮɢ
󣬺ʹߵӰٴγ֣Ц˵㱾𣿱ΪҵıˣҾû취
ðɣȻôżȥǾһ̡˵˫΢΢һգſʱѾɫ⻪
ֳֵǰһӡǣſ³
ͣ
ҵĦڶ̶ʱھͲһķΧֱܴӽԼʹߺͺɫɷһ˿ظ
һΣҿ㻹ߣ˵źʹߵ˫ǲм
ϵʹ߻µֶΣûԷϸʱ⶯֣һˡ
ںʹŴ⣬ֵĺʱ
Ҳ֪һ޷ãּ˼󷨣ڵĿռһС
Ȼ˼թʹ촽ڷԼôᱻˡ
ѵ̲
ûиһʱȥ˼ĵ⣬ֱӽͨԵһ仨һƬռ䶼
ݺύĵâ費ϢĲֶμΪǿĵâ󷨵ıԵߣûиһ˺
ôôǿʹߵһĨ־壬ûгֹ
ϾǴģΪϲڵһֱԼĽԴӽӴԺһֱڱǣűߡ
оʮֲˬ
Ҫǣĵâֱ޴ˡ
飡
ĵâըɫĻһӰĵغ˼ֱײķ֮ϡ
㰡㲻Ǻܻܵ𣿡Ц˵ԸʵļһзˣֻҪסУ׽˭ᡣ
ʹ߱âѪڣϢ˼֮ȶǳ޵Ŀ⿴Ϊûз𣿡
ߣбó˵ݻ𣿡мغһǿȰ
ʹ߱۴Уһǿޱȣû뵽ᱻҪлȥ̫ķʰˡ
ɷ壬𣡸ƣ
ڣʹ̲סˣХŭУΧĺһСɽľˡ


811 
ŨܵĺɫɷγһӲƥףʹ߷·ĻΪˣ˵졣
Ҫʹߴըһ֮Եø̶
һ˫¶һء
˫ȭ͵ͷȥõĵһ󷨡
¡һ󣬷󷨱һˡ
ǿԾʹߵΪɵƵ󷨡
¡
һ죬ڶͬ鿪ֻʣһһˡ
ٵˣ
ͺһյȥ
໡
˵ͷɫϢͬĽ꣬ϡ
Һ㹻ǿɵصֵ
Ҳûţӡһɹٵض˳ȥһӴ˵ͱը
¡¡ıըǿҵĳ÷󷨶һѷ졣
˿⣬Ҫɵʹߣ
ɹǿըھ˵һƬƬĺۼص㹥ĸ߰˸ɹ֮Ǿ˵ĸѾһ
ôҪǻѰʹȥˣǾȴ·ûиоһ㣬Ȼ˶ȭͷȥ
ɫȭͷ֮ǰûָıƱҪնɱ
ӵ۵ĵâмʮɣ˵߲ˡ
أ
âɫȭͷݺݵײһڶݵĽӴ֮ٵطֿǱޱȵײ
˷˼Σâ࣬ɫȭͷʧ
е˼ˡͷƽޱȵ˵
ʹ߹Цţ·ЦЦһ㣬ſ˵а취ɣ
ʲôڵؾһƬãҲż
˭룬Ȼ䲻رĳôһ仰ʱúʹ߳һֻӬһܲѡ
⻰һʹıĲᣬǾ˻΢΢ţǲϵźɫɷ
ЦʹߵĽԴ㡣
ɱһΣʹҲ˼ԣһֱŲ˹
ղ̤ţƾޱȣ·ؾʿϧսΣʱ̣㲻񶼲һܹסһĸˡ
һ˲䣬ؾʿǧˡ
ؾ޵Уս޲ʤ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ʹƵʵ̫ˣȻַľӡôҲֱӿںŰؾ
ؾ޵Уս޲ʤ
ؾ޵Уս޲ʤ
ؾ޵Уս޲ʤ

ŭֱ·սеĽʿƴնɱš
Ӳˣ
ʹżˣؾʤˣһ˾ҲûʲôôȴĽǼΪĳͷ
һ뵽ǿֲĺʹߵ嶼̲ס
üͷһšܵزʹϢı仯вĺܡ
ô㺦ˣһתƣʼ׻
ʹɺһɣ㵸ؾͳ˹Ųܡ
׳ȭͷٶȼȽţÿһιôô񱩣ǿҲҴ⡣
ٶȵƣھ˵ߣͨԵﲻƸھ˵һµ˺ۡ
ϵ˺ۺֱܿɫɷˣ˺ǲ
˻϶ǺʹרԸķӣûʲôð취ʰԷ
ԣΪ˺ȻУֻҪҵıͿˡ˼룬ҵһЩͷĵط
ɫɷǺʹߵɱﵣܹĲٿɷܹɷ֮УҲ˵ҵı壬ڶã޷նɱʹߡ
ǽ֮ǰҪһնһ¶ġ
ʹ߿϶ĵƣЩƱһһƿ֮ǰֻҪܹնɱǺߵͺ˵ˡ
Ͼʹֻ߲һˣǶؾǵ۹δмв
˫ھ˵ϲɨţͨԵǲɵĵطѰźʹߵڡ
ڶݵʱڣĹ˾޴ת䣬úʹߵѹ֪϶Ƿʲô
ûа취ֻܲϵؼӴȡ㽫ɵ
ϣʹߴĲֺ
£ؾ붫ӲξĲޱȡ
˫Խɫ֮УֻնɱԷͷ
顭
˵սԽԽˣΪ̽鵽ʹʱʱҲᰤôӣǿ˵ûж˺
ʱܿ˰ʱеżˣʶһֱ̽ѰȴʼûѰʲôɵĵط
ģһ˾˵ҸѴҪһĸ첲
ʱԵĲһ΢Ũܵĺƶ˹ȥ
ߣҵˣһ˫յޱȵض׼Ǻһâ

ͬƥ˺ѵһֱӽǺնϳ롣
ţʹİ
쵰
ĺǺʹֻǱ֮ʧ˾˵ߡӴɵĴ󣬸Ͳҵ
ٺһЦ˫۽ضžˣȻҵһΣǾܹҵڶΣΣǵĴΣ
ʶͨԵҲûţϵʹв
ʹ֪ЩǼٵģΪľҳڡɾҲûа취ΪĹ̫ϬĹܹɼ˺
ղŵһѾˣҪô£Ҳˣֱ˾ͺá
ٺ٣ҵˣ
ģЦĿĵâ˲뿪˵⣬˳ȥ
꣡
еĵطһһ£ʧˡ
أ
ʱҲ㲻˵Ĺʵʵһȭ
ͷڹĸоôǲǺˬҵҪܰ£쳤ЦˬʵЦֱӴ̼ؾƣնɱظǴˡ
ʹȴǲ죬·Ѿʧһ㡣
Ҳ⣬ֻǲϵؽţȡɵ˵ļһ
ûһյĹǺʹߺȻЦؾӮ𣿡
ߣбһȻǲһĻϡ
ʹҲںȻֱھ˵Դֳָһָ㿴Ǳʲô
ܵһ٣Ŀ⾫䣬ʶ̽ȥ̽˱ķҲ̽һ飬Ϊ֪һǲʲôı
ɺܿ죬ɫͱˡ
˴Ǿţʮ£
ɫ仯ʹЦĸǿˡǱؾеļϸ̽ˣؾܹľӶˡԸӲдľӶһ˵ոʮԮ
ˣʹޱȵ˵ƺѾԶ


812 
ߣʮǰǸֱʣһĿϬͬ档
ʹ൱⣬ֿͣ¶һںݣʮԮҵҪӦԣ
ģЦˣЦʮֲá
ЦʲôʹߵɫһЦ̫ˡ⼸Ǿ»ЦԵĲ
ҡҡͷһε˵Ц׳գЦԴ󣡱ǱһֱûжҲ𣿡
ʲô㻹𣡣ʹЦĺ϶ûˡ
ֻЦЦӴָͳͨѶֱϵţʮǣȥɡ
˵ֱ꣬ӹҵͨѶźʹ˵ֻ࣬ʮ򡣡
ʲôʮ㵽ģòʹʵǲţؾռûôľ˰
һ˵ô϶Ҳ֪Լ߻мϸҲֱЦʵǲ˼˸Ԩ۹Ҳһؾ
Ԩ۹ؾ
һ˲䣬ʹɵˣǧ㣬ǰˡԨ۹ؾҲİǱܹóʮҲǸԨ۹ҲȣĳʮǱߵսҲ·
ԣںʹ߿Ԩ۹ؾʮ൱ˡ
ҪʮӾȥԿӵʮǣڳ˵Σ
ߺߣҲûôǵǿɲЩͨʿܹģһҪ䣡ʹһ֮󣬷ֻܳΪһССĲĳɹҵɶôӰ졣
νʼ֪ʹߵ˼Ҳǰ׳գȻôԨ۹ǰؾϡͿؾսھ˽Ըǵİ취ռһھװ˴ĸ߼еһ˷ǿ嵤
ʮԸʮǣĴ򲻹ȫǣƣûġ
ǾΣֻҪǣסӵԮͺãʰЩȥʰҲЦԽԽˣѾؾԮڳ򱱷
ʹ߳Ĭˣһ˫ʱʱؿ򱱷սˡ
֮սûнأһЦǺʹ߹˹ָͷдơ
˭룬һͲĻȴ˾ʹߴӴָͳһСӣسһӡ
ӭ㳤һ߱һٵسȥ
ߣԮҲûãʮžĺ񡣡ʹʰղŵصǣһҳԶı顣
˳뿪ķȥǿʶβŶȥܿҵ˺ʹߵνʮǡ
һصķǳصСɽУһѨ鲼ʱʱһЩӰڻζţܹ͸ڿףǱʹһЩǡ
СɽϷĻǧƬСɽȶˡ
ˡ
ղŻɽУجج֪ʲôǷһس˳ȥͷһǣ̧ͷᣬſХһеǿ񱼶ȥ
ｫΪԮؾԮĴս֮ءһ֧صʮľӣΪɱؾǿԮ
ս֮Уͷؿ˵ǲ벻ָ߰ļһҲᶮرС˰
ʹһȻûлش𣬿дŵȴص⡣
֧ٵسţ·޵Ķ飬Ҫѳ˸Ĩɱˡ
㻹ʲô취оͿһɣˣ˾ɾˣʹ߼ΪŵЦƺѾԼּʷ
Ȼͷ¶һڽ׵ķݣ˼ЦЦ˵ѽ˵ҲԣٲĻҪ군ˡ
ʲôѵеƣ
ӣֵʹˣոջ˷֮У·شԴϱһ㣬ܵĺܡ
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815 
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ùһȴܹԸʹߵͺһɫɷٴηǿṥ
ʱ
۾һǿʶֱħԴߣޱȵƻǺɫӡ
꣡
ħֱԴһʹǿƷˣ
ô򵥾ˣħȻΣַûƵĿȻһӾ͸㶨ˣ
͵ĿǰޱȵˣħǾ޴ĺһĭϸζһ¸ղŵʶǿĳ̶ȾԲһܹӵеģʹߵӶûУ
أħӦ˹һ¶ЦݣǿҪȻߣûаģ
ʵħڵ޲Ĵˡ
ʱ򣬺ʹ߻ûзĿѾˡ
໡
ħһɫӱɺһ䡣
׳գûãʹܻħ³̫ˣֱӽΧĿռ䶼ûˡ
ʱλĵһЦ
ʧˣ֮ʧĻס
ţȥˣʹߴʧɫһôֱʧأ
ʶϵɨţѰڣȴӰӶûҵ
ʹߴȴתţûзɾ衣
ʱħȴǺȻ˵˵Ƿﶼ磡
ţ㾹ȻҷʹһŭҪʱ򣬾ȵطħĿѾûˡ
⡭ôܣʹ𾪣һֱרѰڣûע⵽ħĿʲôʱʧЧˡ
ԣ
ʹ˲׹ϧѾˡ
һģӰԳǴħ׳գ
꣡
ͨԵܸţ·ǿһ㡣
âɵؿ˺ʹߵ룡
ʹ߿ХץסԼ°ļԾ˿
лѪ壬ʹ߷ˣδѾ군ˣ
ʱħߣ¶ݣɭɭЦڣ˭ǰ׳أ
㣡ǣԤıˣʹţħģȫǼ
ʼ򣬵Ԥı̸ϣֻ̫׳գٵ㶼֪ķˮԼƵģ
ʱˣʹﻹô࣬ܵ˼ĴˣѾܼʹˣҪ¶ᣬ
ҲŹģʹ߼źݻƺֻܹŭһЩ
ˣⶼʲôʱˣ㲻ץ·ҷϻ
ðɣҲܷŹˡͷǿ϶˵
ţһΣٴγֵʱѾץס˺ʹߵĲ
ܵǿʹʵˣŵšϧǿܹġ
ʱ˿̣һֱڹעսؾͶӾӶɵˣԭһûսڡ
תδе̫죬̫˰ɣ
ءؽʤˣ
Ȼʤˣҵ찡
ǿǶɽڰ̫ˣ
ؽ޵У
ؽ޵У
ؽ޵У

ؾˣı̫ˣֱץźʹߵĲӣҪžжţҪж
ڶǱȴһƬžǱߴ󲿷ֶǱͲ˵ʣ»ŵӵսʿҲĥһô
ݣʹ߳׵侲ղűŭԴֻúڲѡ
ͷſͣ¶һĨõЦݣ˵ʵûݣҪǲźݻһȫʬ
ʹһ˵ˣֻһ˫һתš
Ȼûз


817 
ɱҶûкôʹߴŴɴ۾˵
ȴǳţеһļӴ
ʹͨ죬﷢졣
лҪ˵ûеĻҾˡƽ˵۽ǵɨµϵս
սֹͣˣֻнΪԶĻƴ
㵽Ҫʲôʹеżˣһˣ޷ɡڵļͬܵǣӰ̫Զˡ
Ŀתƻ¿źʹߣʵ˭ģҪһСආƭҡ
һʹƺһ˵ⲻһˣһľǣ̫̫ࡣ
Ҿͻһ˵ٵøһ֣һƺһҲǣıǣܶ࣬ôһͼСආ˵ҲǺǿˡ
֣ʹߵ۾һƺҵһѵ·ӡ
ʹ΢һͳ˵˵֪ҲûʲôôģΪ̫Сʽ΢Ҳһˡ
˵õģҪ˷Ǳʱ䡣˵ô᲻֪Щ飬ɾǵвΣվҪġ
ʹˣЦһһ±ץסĲӣ˵ٸҵռɣ
Ƴһۣ󷽵ɿ˺ʹߡҲߣֻҪ磬ûĵط
ļ屣֮⣬󲿷ֵ嶼ĨɱĴû顣ʹ̽˵֪Ƿֲ֪εء
治ɫ㷴ӦûУʹ֪ľԲ١
˶٣ʹ߽˵Ϊ˶Ը壬ǳһˣרһ˸취Ը塣
ʲô֣Ҫϻٴοڣɲһı״ˡ
ˣʹԥһ£ܵϬ֮󣬻˵˳
ˣǸûд֡
֮ǰȷ̫ǿˣǿǿ嶼֣ҪȻҲ᲼ǧıԸˡ
µֻܹԼ飬ĲҪ
ʱ򣬳Щ񣬺ʹһתƣصһɢһźɫɷ˷ȥ
Цһ˵һ·ƫƫ·ϳ壬֪ô
䣬һ֣һ⻪˸һѾʹ߸м䡣ԭڿסʹߵʱѾôһ粼󷨣ȴľڡ
㣡ʹߴʧɫ󷨵ĵȼܸߣ޷ڶʱ֮ƿ
ؿţг˱ɱ⡣
ʹ߾ʧ룬Ҫֲ֮ĺɫɱٴӿ󶼸ˡ
ʶ˺ʹߵڣɵҵӰһҸ첲˵ܰ㲻Ǻܻܵ𣿡
ʹ߶߶µһ仰Ҳ˵ϵʹ໹ʲô϶Ŀ־µĵط
׵顣ôˣĹͿǲСô˵㶼ȥﰡʮƽѽ̸һ㡣ɻﺰŵŨɱ⣬Ҫʵˡ
㣡㲻ɱңͷģʹܻûԸȥ
΢΢ҡͷһֻٴס˺ʹߵĲӣ˵㡭ɣ
꣡
ʹߵĲӱšϣɾʱɫһ䣬Ȼˣǰ󷨡
ֻǺʹߵ弱ţȻڱɵѡԱ
¡
һصıըӱٵ˺󷽣ǿҲ˲С˺
ߣˡһ̷һŵҩٵػָơ
ĺɫɷˣûע⵽һСϢȥ
ͷһƣӦʧȥ˿ƵǾȻս
ԣʹ߻û
æ֮£ɢʶȥѰټϧûҵ˿ĺۼ
üͷ˼һȻ̧ͷֱǰ壬ֱǶӶȥ
ʱһĶǰл¶һĨʹ顣
㻹𣿡ڶǰʮɴ纮
ӵĲӹŤ£Ц˼ǷʹߵҪɱңûô򵥡
䣬ƵĶӾȻԱ˵˽նɱе·ߣɱɱɱ
һ˲䣬ոջãеǷ׷׷ںʹ߲лĿ֮£ڽ
һ˭롭Ŷӵ壬жЩܡ
ʱ򣬺һϢٳûͷҲ֪ϻͩ
鰡֪ͩԶԶرǿں
ҲżԼ֮󣬲˵佫ʶͱĨɱˡ
ͩŶӵģʱݺᣬ
ΣŤͷһֻ̧ͩͩͷʹȴּᶨص˵ͷ
Ϣɣ
һ̣䣬ӵͷ­
ۼֱֿӶֽʹߵĲлץסһˣ˵Ļᶼûи
ӣеǶǶߵľżһʧȥ˿ƣ׷ɵڵء
һֻҪϰ군ˣͲˡ
ţʹֻҪǷؾ㲻ƽϣ鲼Բأ֤˶ܹ
ʱؾĻ𣬶ʹߵǵ۹Ϊؾˣ
һУŵ˶ѡͶû˻Ϊһȥ˾ңϾǵΪһڷԡ
ؾ޵У
ؾ޵У
ؾ޵У

˷ܵźսƮţеӯеЦ棬Ƿ
һսڽˣ
ʣµͼ򵥶ˣ˽ЩȫռһĻţƱҪֿµĶճɻҽ
ϰǿɲǸСĿټЩʬ壬Ƿؾٵ鷳
Щûٹˣֻǰźƺ⣬Լ˿򲹳Ա顣
һս˵ˣʱûøδԵȻħ
ȸ߰ɣֻҪһỹɣûа취İ취һħ˵ƻʱ򣬽ԼʶСҲ˵ħһֻޣɵ³
ħͷİɣҶף㻹ǰ˵
߰ɣתߣͷҲصضôһ仰

ǵ۹ڼݵʱھͱ磬ؾǿԼǿ˶𺳡˭û뵽Ȼһ㶼ʹߣ
˭ףͳһǵ۹ֻǸʱ⡣
ֻǣʱ㹻


818 ֮ʯ
µǵ۹ʣδƽˡ
߾ٶ࣬Ҳ޷ߵᲢۡ
еǣΪǵ۹ԭ˶ıӣһҲûжƺߵĸûжӰ졣
ҪǱƹˤŪȶ߸ɥĲġϢȴֲĸо
Ҫӱˣ
ƺָܿˣеĶ߾ʵоܣɾ²ʵоһĹҪľһԭ򡪡ֻҪȶΥһԭȫѹ
Ӳߵǹƥ˱ӽһЩǳظ׼Щطгϸ飬Ϊܹȡʵ鱨
ϵǰУÿнפʮǣûĸҲûмӹ̳гǷ
ǷǳֵĲ֣ûĸζûиʽеҲ˵ûڣûзջԶ̹еûС
ߵĺʹߣ֪ؾĿǰӵеĸ߼еڳб˵ʮǣǷϰûĸûʲôġ
ǵһַֻһؾƷİˡ
Ϊ˽з飬ÿض߱ˣȻû쳣ķ֡
źɣ򱱻Ӳ̵ĸز˹ȥ
;ĵУĸУȻǽפصļ
һֱУڽӽĹУͷųȥʶоԼԼ
Աһ·򣬳żķ˹ȥ
нһξ룬ͷֳһĪĽꡣָоǷǳϤģֻоþΣˣͨǰԤ֪
ָо޷ṩһΣֱ۸УͻĸоͻӶԵķС
ɵͣҪҪټȥ
ʹֶ߲Σġؾǵ۹սķȷѪʤ
սʹֶ֧߱Ӻͱ֮һϵս
ԷյƿܣǵһϵֶΣԺʹߵʵȴӵıдһЩĶ
Щؾ˼鷳Ͽʤʣһ֮ң֪һȥпãҲпǵ
״Է˳ǺʵĴؾӣɲʷݡ
뵽ȫע䱸С𽥷Ŵķн
һξ룬϶ԴڵгУ
ڵеĳǰͣ
ɱɪ
һޱĩսһĸоͷ
ʱ̫߹ҵʱҫ۵Ҳ޷ڸǳɢɭɭĺ⡣
Գһ£һ߿ţͦ˽ȥ
ûˣûлǶûСƺֻʣ˱Ľһж˼ˡ
˳ĵĹ㳡ԽӽǹĲԽ󣬵ΧȴԽԽˡ
ĵĹ㳡ϣһͨڵС
СҲѰȭͷСͷųȴС
࣡
һ໺ȴǺнɵͷų
ȻоϤζо
Ϥĸо֮ʱСȻֹͣˣ
ܵغһڳһ䱸ļơ
Сһĸ֪оͬһֻа۾ζסԼ
С˰죬Ҳûз쳣ͷԼʶӽС
СԵޱȣâڱĸоҲûˡ
ԣ
оޱȵУŸӹΣ
ʶھСߵĵطͣ
һʱСȻû˿Ķһҧ΢ʶȥһС
΢ʶոմСı棬ϲһʯһСȭͷССкޱ޼ʵĹռһ޾ǿһĸо
áʶҪջʶͬʱˣҪ뿪
ʶջˣȴû˿
ࣵһ죬СɢһɺƥΧĿռסһĿռγһָСĵ
ռ֮

͵ǹϤĸоˣǰоͷųĸо
Сͷųֿռֻ֮СĿռ֮ΪԵֻܹסռ䣬ͻƿռСܹÿֲĿռ֮ǿСڲ
󺧣һŭ̧źݺһ塣
ʱʯĵϣһŶһֱûϥǵӣǶһһ뵽ʯ嵱С
Ƕʯ·ԶԿСͷųԽԽĿռ֮СͷųĿռ֮ԽԽ󣬿ռ֮Χڼ̵йεض𣬷ɽСС
ꡭ
ǰʯ·һ޴ʯ棬ವһûСУû˽㣬ҲСλ÷ɹȥ
קͨԵͺһһɻձըİСն˹ȥ
һȴͬСʯӳ̶һûаʧˡ
壬ǿеİҶһ뵽˷籩ġþ˰취Ҫס壬ȴǺ޳Ч
ۼ޷ѿռֻ֮ûס壬ʱƮ
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬;һ䵽ʵϱ߶
۾һΧһƬտûκεľҲ·ʣ˽µĻ
ûзֻйĿռ䣡
ĹãȻʱһӰ򻺻Ϸ
ӰУϲӰ
Ҳн죡㲻ͨ쳹֮㵹棬Ұ
ӣΪеû뵽һõĻӣȻС˵־Ϊǵ۹ĻӢŵģı֡ʵԶ
ߣ㻹ʲôʸ˵ңܿԹŵĹأ»˭ʹߵĶ֣ǵ۹⸴ʹӽոµһˡ
ûᱱӣǰ۾תǵ۹ʣһʹϴųЦ˵㲻ҲһĿǳزɣ
ʹ΢΢һֳУźƶúʹжȻһǿҵĲ
֮ʯвģҲһ˶ѡ֮ʯв޵ʱлصǵ۹ʵС


819 
û뵽㻹ͦʶʱġ֮ʯʱ㴦Ԩ֮ʯʱտҪ֮һҪ˵½ݽҲȫ
ˣչЦ˵
ʹһ̲סһ
㣬ô֪Щģ㵽ʲôͷ
Ҳѹֺʹô𾪣˵ʱԨжһ˼ɻȥһЩҪһֻ̽ٲ飬صʧǸΪ޾Ԩĵط
ܹ޾Ԩȡ֮ʯǿߣǼֱǷëǵĴڡҲֻǿǿ߲ȡ֮ʯܹƳʱտ
ЩصĶ綼ţڼĴ¢ϵĲ֮أʲôݣܹ֪Щѵ
ʹ뵽һֿܣе㲻
𾪰ʱΪһŪ㣬ָһİ֣ҷԸеѶȣҸйϵĳʵ̫ˣҶе㵣Ǽܹ֮ʯгˡ
Ц˵ôϿңҶĴĻˡɺܲҵǣվҪȥǸʹߵ³յ
ӲȻŭʱӲʹߣǾһ쿴ţСʲôܹȥ
죡ʹ𱱻ӵ㶮ʲôʩֶεĻ޵ʱ䶼ûˡ죬˶
ȵط֣һ˵˵Ȼɥһɥ
ʹʹߣѵҪʮʿô
ʹû˵۶ûпһֻۣζȴޱصͷ
鴤ˣʹ߳˵û뵽ұƵϣʮȥӦ֪ˡ
ʲôʮ꣡
ҪԸ㾡ֶΣô޹˵ʲô
Цٺٺ٣Ҳûа취İ취˭ôǿҲʲô¸еˣǺú׼ӭΪµıɱɡʮıģûܹȫˡ
˵Ƿݵ飺ⶫᵲ֮ʯĳڣҪҲǲԣֻҪί£ʮĹ⣬ͿԳ
˵꣬ʹҲϻֱӾ߿ˡ
ŭޱȣҲûκεİ취
ʹ߲֪ʹʲôȻʮıһԾġ
侲ڲǷʱŭʧᵼ²ǵΪҪõġ
֮ʯıʾӪҵĿռ䣬Ȼܹ֮ͨʯλõʱôҲͨ磬Ҳǵ۹ͨ
ûκεķĸûг·ӣôأ
תĹˣΪԭ㣬ǰֱߣûаյġ
˰죬Ϊԭ㣬ߵн·һƶȻֱҵȥ·ߣ·ߣǸе棬©ĵط
תаʱȻʶвǿҵķУӦþͨǵ۹ʵĿռ֮·
ϽתΣŬȶסʶķչμٷɳۡ
һ·ϣвٵʱԸţʼոʶоߣǿͻƣƹʼոԼĸоߡ
ϤоԽԽǿңоԼѾҪ֮ʯгˡ
ȻΧĿռ䷢ҵĲеʱһףΧγһʱУеߡ
קͨԵΧһնݺĵâΧγһ޴ĵâţΧһȫնϣ
徻ˡ
˫䵽˵֮ϣԶɽ֮ʯĵطԼ͸ʯµĽӡͬһˮ̶һֻҪһԾܹصԭ硣
䡭
µĻһѿһͨڵľ޴ӵ¼ٵð˳
һʱ䣬Ͱͨʵĵ·ȫסˡ
һ״ĽͨͬһڡΧŨŨĺУƺܹ졣ЩΧת˼Ȧһȫû뵽УҲûг
Сɽһľްԣһ
оźڲʵӦþǺʹ˵ˡ
ǵúʹ˵ֻҪУȻɱݣҪǿдûܹȫ
˫һͨԵͨԵϷһХһ֮
𣡡һŭ˫趯ͨԵȫնȥ
ͨԵ³ɵĵâݺȥ
ԼһնžԵģһСɽҲᱻɣͲԼһӻⶫûκε˺
һ죬âӹĵطһĻ𻨣ȫһ֮£мɽҲ΢΢ҡһ¡
갧ΧĿռ䶼ϲ
һɹɺȵʧȵķ֣ͨԵһն֮ĵطȻת˲޸ˣ
ͬʱ˸֣
ֻεѪһ죬ΪֲǣĴ־ͺѪҺһ䶯䶯ĺУԩ۾Ѫ㶢
ͨ쳹صҲĳһ£
ͨԵһȻǲʵġԴʮıƴģʱϾԲ
ɨһۻ䶯Ĵ֣һֵקͨԵ̧ڲ˽ȥ
ꡭ
ͨԵڼӲ޵ĻʯĦţ̶졣
ȻоΧâһһѾһİĵط
žĵһˡǣһʲôûС뵽֮ʯһֻнµʵأΧյģͺǵһ֮һ
ΨһͬľͷʮʵĻȻһ壬ûͨĵ·
һüͷ治֪ôƵģѵƾյĵһסԼô
ۿ˼ʱоͷ춯̧ͷʱһӰ򻺻ʹߺͱӵӰС
֣û뵽㻹ҴҪʵʵߣҲΡֻǰһ·ˡʹɭɭ˵
ûڣӽʹߣʲôֻҪ߶ܹҪСӵѵ뿴ŵСɥô
ʹ߹Цżеʱ档ѵ㲻֮һʢ磬ݲƷδбɰ
ʹ˵ĶԣӦúúƷʢ磡㲻ͦ͵ôǵöһᣬһӾɱˣһʧġ


820 Ѫ
ɨ˺ʹһۣ˵Ļķ񣬸ı䲻ʵеĿ顣ãǾͻᷢеһвûиı䣬ɱңĥңǶһĵΡ֮սɥ֣ǲɸıˣ
ĿҪŤһˣ˫ȭҪ˵Щݻȴʹһס
еһУǽܳǰ£ôǾúƷһ
Ӱžһѣһм
һע¼еĵһС
ʶ̽飬ֻͨԵãѱÿһ䣬ûз쳣
ѵĵһһյĿռ䣬Ҫͨһ·һô
֪䣬оԼ
仯Ҫ֪ٻ״ʹǧͭǽڣƴɱ£Ҳִ⵽ôأ
࣡
Χڷ˷ͬѰ
һ죬עϡ
һʯŽʵں˹ɵģʯʱڲʵǽھֳ
صĻƣŽʵǽڻۣȻһ壬ļžУɢ˿־ա
ˡ
֪ʲôط죬ǿҵش̼ĶĤûκε˺ȴ񲻰ĸо
Ȼ䣬һƶȻһĺ⡣ǺɲͨĻһɫǼѪŨŨҽĹɫ
Χ¶Ȼһ˿ĸоое㲻
ԭˣ
ֲûԭΧ¶ֻղŲ̫ԣûע⡣
¶ȵļΧռ˱仯ϸС

Ϻ׵һŵĻ棬ӳһƬһռ䡣
һסͨԵĵѣһַס˵ʶ߶ںڵеĵ顣
ʶ߶˵һƵΧתγ硣
£塣˵ĻȻд
һ͵سһռ䡣Ŀռڣֻе黤һСûб
֪˶೤ʱ䣬һȥû˻棬ֲ¶Ȼڼ
ȻоһᣬԼڲ䡣ͷһӲĵ治֪ʱѾŨŨ۽
һȣ漴û뵽ͨԵ֮С
˫һ漴һɷƮ˰С

صĻһ޴ͷһ۽ʺѪҺ
ЩѪҺ۽֮Уûˮһϱˮ齻һϵһ
ӿ۽עѪ֮󣬺Ȼγнɵأγһ޴С
ٶԽԽ죬жȻγһ޴©״״۽ҺԽԽߣҪӽ㶥ˣƵûлĿռ䡣
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˵⻰ҲԼʲôУû˵ģڳĤݣ治֪ⶫǼȵƨëֻ˵ë


823 
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˵˻ΪԼ˲ˣʲôͷ˵˵һᱻıסͶ㶥Ĥˡ
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ܹĻ϶ᾪȵķ֣붫ߺʹ߾ȻһģһҪ˵ĻǾ˵ƤһһЩһ԰һЩ

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828 һӣ
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յ˵Ӧû΢ϾⶫǴϳġ
뵽һֱӱһǵߣԿһ֮ʶһ̽飬Ȼ
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û뵽һʱ뷨ȻôõЧһЦ˵ƽһֱķϡ
ƿ뵽ָߣ̧ȥηվŵǴԼжʮֻռǵһ롣
ֻһĳɹеͰüͷšš漴ɿˡһĳɹѾˣϾֿµĴڣֻҪܲѴ֮ʰѾĺôˡ
˲̫̰ģ˭֪ϵڱʱ򣬵ǲиأ
飬ĺҡҡȣʵؽɹֻһ룬ǲǻߵķ
ҡҡͷȷ˵˵ʵҲ֪
ʵһĳɹѾˣԾǣĺ͵ðôһ仰
ĺͳЦЦ˵α㿴ңһĳɹʿ׵һǣ˱ӵľģһôô㰡Ȼܹҵ취ʴ𶾵Чһ㣬ƻȱˣ
ϵ˵ٿǿǰɣûʲôطԵˣľϲء
Ҫִ̫ţϾû̫ʱ䣬һĳɹѾ㹻ˣ𣿡ĺصһЦȻ˵ôһ仰
һ㶣ŻȻЦ˵ԣĺ˵̫˰һѾ㹻ˣôǶԱӶˣ


829 ս֮ҹ
֣˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳѣ
ʣµĳѾָˣʱɵܹеȫò
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ڰеĹ۲죬˲Źÿһ䡣ӲͬǶȣӸߵͣѸ֮ãǷö
صӪʣѹ۲쵽Ƴһ꾡ľµͼȻ˰ͼϰٷݣַؾͳһսʿϼĽС
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ͨפеĽ죬˼Դ⣬ǵشʧֱԭ˵죬Ҫе󲿷ֵεġ
ͨѵңռ˳УҲҪȡҰսȫ̬ƣؾפפӪկǵϰȫʱӦԴģǾŽ
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ոմͷ飬ͽӵǿսʿСӵĻر
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ʱˣӸԼ˵صս
ԼڶǱ߲ȡսУͲͨھصԼսԿռսԷ
˵ڱӵĵصսеͷۡ
ڵϣؾڵػװܹ𵽾˵ĸ沿ӵáһڵصսڣͷĻеϾͷˡ
ԷѵصڵٳһЩٸһЩӴУ湻ؾܵġ
ͺǴڵϣΧ׷½ؼӾ͸ˡҪ˵£һӶͣսȫǸݶԷͼС
һʮﳤĿӵҪһֽɨҪǶԷھ㹻ĵصǷɢ͹ͷġ
ң²ͬڵϣϻпɿ磬ɵ˵ͨѶͨ˴˵Ӧδ֪⣬սͼҲҪۿۡ

һ֮Ҫ㡣
ڵصṹӶɳ˴ĳСֶӽص顣
Ϊ˰ȫÿСӶڶʮˣ䱸ߵ򏎷֣ĸװԶ뷢ǵԱʮĸǿսʿ
һСͻ״ȫˡ
һһǿȫСӵĶӳһսʿΪһעص㣬쳣˳
׼ƣɳʮСӣвͬĵصڽص顣


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ȴ΢ȶˣǰ濪·漱ٳˣܳʮ
ȻһŴӵصĶ˺£


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Ҫƽӣʵͳһǵ۹Ĵҵ͵ôԹĵص֣𱱻еնӺͺʹߡ
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ӦװѵԴӣеĵصڣʮؾսʿ뵽صС
˽ۣؾսʿܹںڰпΧ壬ΧһصƷܹһࡣ
ӹȻգеĵصждƷظָĻزá
Щغ⿿ʶ֪Ͳᱻȫ֡ؾսʿЩƷпƻһһЩؾв
ͨѶһ죬ǵЧȻͨȲڵôȷʵʵڵصеͨĿġ
ȻܹͨͨѶʵֻͨѶϢʮؾڵصлԵ÷ǳִ١
ڵص㼯ĵطöƷʵʩ΢ƣǸطըһ޴Ŀռ䡣ըĸЩյĶѨ
ܿ죬һ޴ĵоͱˡΪһͳ˧δ˼ʤ˼ƷʡսʿǱڽҪѳ˵·
ؿܹʮؾսʿݳ˵ĵص⣬ĵصȫϡ


832 ض
Щҵսʿһ߲ƷͻزãһؿǰĵصȣÿﾡãԷ±ĵص
һӵĵصͱ򵥵ķʽؽо·߿ˣסĵصͲõĵ˴ĳصͻأ֣ʹİȫҲˡ
ԷԤڵǾСģӴѿռѹСӵĵֲʵϵĲ㡣
ؾҪǡǡ෴ռ䣬ЧװƣѸӵս򵥻
ԣ˷ʱɣȻԼսͼؾʱ˷ڰͶϣ͵ľؿн·߲ʺϴģŵĹҳͻ״ܹЧ֯ˡ
ǱߣʵЩˣͺʹôҲûϵĲµĸ취ᱻôƽ
ʹߣؾƽٶȣǿ޷ֵԮĵ˵еˡ
ʹߺݺݰһ۱ӣؾĲƷʱ򣬺ʹ߾˲õԤУҲǸβ˶Լʧ̬˾ͲСʹ߶ԱӾʧӳ˲м
һ£ʹ˵ϣӵĵصܹס£ڿǲˣǻǰֶȥɡģصеĵƿǲģ赲ϵʱǲġ
˺ʹ˵΢񣺡ʹôģҾͷˡֶǰϣͻ˸ô찡
ʹһ۾˵ôôɥԹǸһ㹻һˣȵ͵ԹҲӦһԺˡʱ䣬ʲôŪʧܣǿɻвٵĵء
˵꣬ʹߺݺݸ˱һۡ
Ӱʺ˺ʹеŮϻñֳϹϾӡڸûջӵ磬ǺʹߵһġеĴʩʵʵǱΪġ
պʹߵķԸȥֲˡ
ķеԹϴӺʹתƵˡ
ߣôҵҪôԹһصġ

ǱߣĽ˵Щȴһһӡǳ֮ʵؾĲؽصпʼСģСӽɧš
ؾԶƷĸ£ǵ̽ǳ׼ȷͨСӻûнӽؾߵСԴˡ
ڣ£ڣ¡
ؾɵԽԽ˳֣ӴŸɵСӵҵǣؾӿʼŵӦ˽еصսĽࡣ
һգǰھ򲿶棬ǰһȻľ޴ܶ¶ʮģĲСĿǰǰѾؿ˵صܶϵ
ϢϽòͣԼԵǰȥʵ졣
Ȼؾھصǰһ޴ĿܶģһСͳдСĳ£ˮʴģ
̧ۿܶܣĿ׶üͷ
Щ׶ҲӦˮԵĶѨӦǰѵصܶܶϵСͿ׶лһ𣬹ͬ齨Ӵģĵص
Щ׶»Ӽ֣ΪȻγɵĶΪĺۼһЩ
޴ܶһ޴вܶ൱ڼ̳ǷǰĿأ󲿶ȥпܻ¶ԷҴ
һ£ɳֶЩС׶顣
ʮСӳ߽ܶЩСܶν顣
ܿ죬ĽˡЩСܶȥ·ûзκε쳣
òģٻسС֮ԼСܶϸµ顣
һֱСܶʮûʲô֡һ£ϣǵʲôʵʩжʱҲ㹻ؾӦˡ
ǰԭļƻ룬Сǰ̽ͨ󲿶ӸöƵƷؿͨѲҪܶȫըʯס
СЯװһˣʱСӴϢߺĲӣѾ־·Ĵ󲿶Ӹ
ʮؾؿĵص뵽ܶС
ʮؾȫܶʱȻ̵ܶĶڷ˾ҵĲ
Ԥееֹͣǰӱǰӣ̳ˣ
ؾոͣתû⳷̵ܶĶںһѣʮĶڰʯǰ
һ˲䣬ȫˡڲ֪λһֱھ򵽴ܶڱԵλãһɶûڴûڴĶں棬ڣһɺĶԸκεֶΣͶܿ˱ֵˡ
ҪʱֻҪڣܺ俪һɺ壬ֱвڵһС
һڿڴӺ俪ĶѨ¶ʱؾųȥˣ
䡭
ʮһ𿪻ڵ䵽ܼؾСʱҵıըһӰؾսʿ졣
һڵܹǧؾսʿڵĺؾеĳشң˵ٶ쳣
۾ˣȵҲҪţҪˣ
˵꣬קͨԵϰա
ڰ׼Ŀ꣬һͷɽװڵĶѨͨԵһһھͱݻˡ
ݻһڵʱ򣬺Ȼһ巢˵һĶ
󾪣Ͻӿ˴ݻڵٶȡ
ݻٵһڵʱɽһһ޴սײһ޴Ŀ׶ӿ׶˳
սһ壬ļ䷿ݴСͨ巺źĺ⣬ǰң˳ڵСսǰ壬ѹߴܶؾսʿ
ؾûЯػľްսǰֻܾ
ްսոؾսʿһɵ˺Ȼɵ˺Ҫ
һ߸Ծ𣬴Ӱкݺ£еͨԵ貵Ĺâƥĵâž޴ս˹ȥ
˵һ죬ͨԵݺݿս֮ϣԾˣսȻͨԵȫһ
ϽͨԵһԾսǰ˫һ죬εסսĳ˫һ壬Ӳʯʱֱûϥƾ㣬˫սơ
ؾսʿһ˧׷æȴȵңϽǰĳСӣӦˣ
еսʿִסս£ؾսʿ˳롣
սѹԽԽܹסµŲסˡ
̡
һ³˫Ѿû뵽嵱ˣ


833 Ӱ̿
һеؾսʿѾˣ˫һϾбŰսбһսǰһ˳ϱбȥ
һսƲסһײܶϣһͷܶСᣬȴаγؾ˵·߳˳ȥ
صϽ㣬صеʮؾʧأս߲ܹ࣬սģҲͷһ㡣
ʵ޷һ˲ִֵܣԤ㣬ֵܿˡ
˱˵ؽɱô˵ô£һﶼҪؽڣסսôֵܳ
е˶ѣһ̴ңҪԷƴҲˡûԷӰӣȴʧôˣؾʷǵһΣҲǱһΣ
һսʿһ±Ӵ޸ѵޣܰѵ˿ôؽ׼㣬ؽٴȥ˵ʲôҲҪɨƽǸ顣
ԣȥҾͲˣؾܸܰ
ʤ˱ҳ£Ѿǭ¿ˣĴ취ֻҪǲһܰѱӸ

û뵽Ұ֮ؾô߰ʿ
ֵǣǶǺġӵսʿؾңָܹսʿҲҡ˵һǧһ֪֪˷ܰսʤȰˣ̽һɨƽеУ
˵꣬ޱȼ飬ת˵صЩҳϵսʿ޲Ϊͳ˧ļ¸ҶжԼͬλͳ˧ׯϵľ
ɿϵ˴ܶؾܵĹʧأЩ˵¶
µսʿ˵úãʤ˱ҳ¡ؼͻأֵսǸһܹסͨԵȫһؾһ޴в
ܹסͨԵһǾ͵ͬĿǰؾеػȫһûа취ؾҲԴġ
˴ܶ˽Ųܣؾսߵʬ塣ٴζݣЩ߾һ
˶ߵİ˼ע۲ΧսܶײһӣѾγ֪ˡ
Ǹһ㣬ܶǾ޷ľްͨġҲ˵һ͹ͨһͨԷϳġ
뵽˳սͨ˽ȥнûԶֵѾͨȫը١ɢʯ㣬ͨǳױ٣Ҫȥһھʯûʲô
תƳڵĶѨһ⣬ըˡ
ΨһͨǴܶӵСܶЩѨ֮ûը٣ΪÿһܶȻʴɵģ˭Ҳ֪жжԶԻؾٺʲġ
죬ȻˣҲٵĺôÿһСܶչٵΣӿٶȡ
ڲʱʱ̽·ָд˲ٵĶƷЩ·ըˡ
ڵܶУǰ˼ʮҲûз־ͷӦһܹͨѵͨ
Ĳ룬ܶĿռҲԽԽ󣬺Ȼ䣬Ĳ׽һɵϢ
˽ŲͷųʶǹϢ
ಡ
һбܹƿֱָĲ
һЦ㲻һãƿб·ȥ
ಡ
ֹȻһ߿գǵӰҲʧˡ
ߣȻôõ֣ͷ¶β磿ƤûԹԳǰš
ܶûŪ㣬Ȼҵǹƥ治֪Ǵأǲ֪
ǰʮԶľ룬ӵӰ˳
ΪȣǳԴҩ˻ôˣôôԼǰ
⻰Ӧ˵ȽϺʰɣͭһۣ¼ͬɥ֮Ȯһ㣬˵ӲΪɣôҳҵǰ治֪Ǵأǲ֪˵
ϲȻɫҧг˵Һ޲Ƥ⣡һŪزӦúúˡ
ЦǺðôˣ
ӵɵԲһ֣ͳһذףذϷ⣬һǴ˾綾ӡ
ߣ㶾С֮о
Ӵһͳ˹
ذףֱĲĨһ̧֣־򱱻ӵذץȥ˭֪;УһΣذױĨΪֱ̣С
һذ׺ɽһԴ̽塣
ͬʱһִֻ˱ӵļЦ˭֪ҵĸףԲɵذ״ҵ塣ֻ˷ѻᣬͬʱԼյء
ӡڼϵ֣һɽһɿܡ
ףҰұ˶ûӣʧ˲Żɱİǧ֣ǻͶ
ȻһԼѹŵģػôۼ׹ⱻԼѹţʶһ¡
ã
ϷӦػͱƣô˵Ļػǲ֪ܶ鰡Ȼִ֮Ϊ׹ɵһ£ԷһѵĻᡣ
ػ͡ûߣǳһɾʱĿƣĻһ꣬һ֣һ۳ȥ
֪۳һǼΪĶҩպʹߺͱӶԼ˽⣬϶ͨĶҩԸԼ
ڣ˲ǰˣϽסˡ
û뵽µһӰ̿͵Ҳ
ܿ˾ķ۳һСֱڡɲǼ䣬оԼֵĸо
¶˱Ŀ
ģͷĿһǼ֮
ǲزһ˵һ仰ȻûĸģǵеƣûнһֶΣŻ̵졣ǵҩмңôʹŪĶҩζɣ
ߣСҲֶˡôҪˣôɱҺϱͰ˵ЩԾҡ˼¡
Ӱ̿ЦżżΪһ̿ͣҪһҪ㹻ġҲʹ֮㲻ˣǴ̿Ӧеʡ
˵꣬Ӱ̿Ͳûп˸ľ롣
ϵĺ鶹һģЩһˡ
ٺٺ٣㻹޴ҪղųҶʱ򹥻һҪɥ֡Ѿûˣôɣ¶˲̵ЦݣŻӰ̿һһ˵
⣬⡭ôܣʹ˵
ûȻӰ̿˵꣬һƮ˹
Ӱ̿ðŵ÷һӴܡ
ȴû׷ȻӰ̿ԶˣһԵڵء


834 ԭɢ
аʱӰ̿͵ӰسʮɵԶ
óһǴż临ӵ۷ġ
Ӱ̿Ŭסޱȵļӽ˵ڵϵھԶĵطӰ̿ͣסĥһӣĿ
û뵽ôޣôΰȻˣףҿͷͰɡ
˵ţӰ̿קһѵ
һԶľ룬Ӱ̿͵ظıķವһٴԶݡһԭ̽ģǲװˣթ
ܳʮɣһӰ̿׳ŵٴοԶľ룬Ӱ̿Ͳͣý
治ˣҵôʱ䡣Ӱ̿һţһ߸ҪѶ
Ȼ䣬ٿ۾һЦЦ鿴ŻӰ̿͡
Ӱ̿ðûȷӦ;ý״ʹľʹΪһָ̿ͣоʵ̫ϤˣǽؽڱŻеľʹ
ͨ
Ӱ̿ԣһҲ湻ӲʣҧӲûԳϵĺˮȴǳɹ
ļ֪֪ģʵʵ֪ģ¶аЦݡ
Ӱ̿ͷһĻȽϴʹҪ־塣
ҧӲţҪԷʶǿдԼʶʹǶԷֽţԼҲҪʶ־ϵ⣬򡭡
뵽Ӱ̿ͻ˵ĺá
ڻӰ̿ҪʱһȭӰֻ̿ðһ飬ϵݱһ죬һΣȫҡγ
һЩߵһߣҪѣ̿ͨԼ׼һ·ž綾һҧϱҲǴ̿ļƷ취ˡ˵㿼һ£Ȼұ֤Ҷõõİ취Աࡣ
Ӱ̿ͳױˣֶǰ̿;ԼǸѧ׶һ㡣
Ҳ򲻹ҲܲˣˣҪԶԷֶܵΡ
ʵûа취ˣӰֻ̿ʵʵ֪һС
Ӱ̿ʹõĶҩǺʹṩģԭɢֶҩܹ֮ߵʵȫ鵽ԭ㡣
պʹߵʵͷͽռֶΡֹԭɢΪȫԪûΪʵ˾ʧȥһУ͵öеһеͷ
Ӱֶ̿ҩȴûнҩ
ͷ˵ǿסġ˭ҲѶҩͽҩŵ̿ϡһԷסòµĶûô
ŹԭɢһڣûӰ̿ϸ֪ĵص
ʱ򣬻Ӱ̿Ҳûʲôˡڶ߰ѶӱƵʱ򣬱߾ѾⷽĹˡ
ؾĴֻܶǱӺƴĵ¹̵֮һҡڴܶǰǾԹطǸȻĸʴѨϺʹߵĸĽ޽ɵġ
Թ컯֮ʣϺʹߵľĸĽΡ
ͱ˵ͨϿž޲ʵ򰵲ɱ֮û쳣ΪһжԶıӺͺʹأҪϻӰ̿ͣԲûгֱΣա
Ӱ̿ͽԹʵÿһ۸ӵĽϣʮİŲáܶ඼Զ̲ٿصģ԰ղٿߵԸʱС
ΪҪǣÿһõĵطͨܶͨһҵĶڲڣֻҪҪʱԴͨܶؾ֮·
ֻҪҪʱԳڿƴܶпռĶϡ
Ӱ̿Ҳ֪ôණ˵֮̾ؽ֪Ķˣ֪ҲŹҵģ͸ʹɡ
ϸһ£ô֪̿Ҳôˣ¹ؾµĸ߼ܣҲû;֪̫ࡣ
ҸᣬֻҪܹϺңͷһ·ô
⻰ô̿͵жȻôĮˣΪһĶѵġ
̿͹һ˿ڿˮؽ˵ҪܷŹң
̿Ҳ֪ûѵͣԼѪԷô׷ŹԼô
ЦǲΪȥ̽ӵ̫ܰСˣ˵ʵڵģͷԼ򵥵ˣû仰ͻñӿˡԵףֱԵ֣
̿ɫһ죬ò˵úܶԡɱ˷棬̿ͻʤһϼ޻ǰ׶Ѽϼܡ
ؽֱԣһ
ûֱ˵ĬĬذѴ̿ϵƷһСƿʵǹԭɢҩ۰ɣ
̿ʶͷǹԭɢ
һͷץס˴̿͵죬СƿĹԭɢȫ˴̿͵
Ķҩ̿ͷûһ棬ûãһ̿;ãԼһ߼ˣⶫһûʲô
ҸոɵϵϢʱѾԹԭɢϸķⶫȷʵԵƽ취жʮ֡п϶һЧģҲ밤顣
̿ȫˣ沿Ťؽʵɣ
д⣡뵽İ취еΪеŽ⣬еԶֻҪܰеķ˶Ҿͷߣ⹫ƽɣ
̿һˣأؽɱҰɣҿɡ
ȴ̿˵ְ꣬Ѵ̿һһص˵ϣһƧĵطҲܴ̿ͿأӽָͳҩģԭɢĽҩ
ܿ죬ʮֵõҩŵ˴̿͵ǰ
̿;ֵĿݿֱܣ˵ЩĵĻ˵ˡ
ɲһݽҩ̿͵͹ȥΪҩЧɢŴ̿͵ĶӾһȭ
һȭ̿;ԼҪںϵһһθǻһܿ죬Լͬһ߿һȵķ̡
ʶ̽һ´̿͵ڣڰԵк֢ġ
˵ţһȭ˴̿͵θһȭѴ̿ʹŻ²ѡ
ȴ̿ˣְһҩ̿͹ȥ
һʮҩⲻãǲǷ棬̿Ѿڵֱˡ
òһҩ⣬ҩЧͻ̿Ͷࡣ
ʮҩȫ꣬̿;ԼֱƤΪ˵ĸо
ɫĴ̿ͣĴ̿͵Цôˡ˵㻰ܣһֱܵؾطηŹ㣬һ㻹ôõ

ֱֿ̿ڵĳ嶯
ղŵľô̿ͲĲѷͷϽҧҡҡλϣѾӾܡ


835 ֮
ʹߵĶҩȷʵϴƽ춾ʱ򣬻˷ḻƽ֮ľ顣
ԣزô̵ʱó˴̿ƷܿҵѵĽҩ
½ҩͷűԼѹסĹԭɢĹԭɢͲ࣬Ͽѹסѽҩӣ֮ڵĶؾͳ׽⿪ˡ
һ£ַ˾ԹҪ֪Ǳͨʲôܹ۲쵽Թе⣬ôؾǹежԷգԷԿڲ֮ء
Ϊ˱ܿӵļӣ󷨡һ£ǲʹ󷨵ġΪҪﵽĿģҪͬƶἫƶٶȡҪڵƤӵ´̽ϢķҲǲΪ֮
Ӱ̿͵صϸǰ̿͵ĵطʮصȻ䷭תһһٰʮȵĴ䡣
صǰģѾ۷ķˡ
ûԶصͳ۵·ҺܶĲ·֡һأϵĲ·û·Ĳ·һ䣬ֻصԭĵط
ĬĬסÿں·ҵһܹһ·
ķλ۷תӦۻǰнķˡ
ͷųȥʶ̽鵽һ޴Ŀռ䣬˽ŲһǸ޴Ŀռ俿ȥ
ͻȻһ̶ľ𣬽ţһӡ
һɤŵ˴е죬͸λ׼ӭУ
û뵽Ȼ沿פڱǱߣϡޱȣһ˸ӵѶҪࡣ
Ȼһĵطζ˵ķݵ㡣ǾӦǸӵĸ߼еٿƽ̨һԼȤĶ
ǾôأѵǸӦƷľô
뵽͵͵һξ롣ԶˣȻֹ
϶ʶƷӦϴ
Ȼڣû취ľװáҪȥֻܵȴʱ
ĸʱû˴ǸĿռصȥǰ취
һתǰպϣһװãϾͳˡ˼ææ׼죬ӰֻһŽ˾
ɻûЩͣٴĽ춼ʼˣʲô⣬Ϲкò˻ˣôģظӿϸˣûʲô
춼˵СˡһԹصѲ޹֮󣬴һ֡
ȴֵÿĽǰһգͶԶԶġ
ԺĽ춼ûˡ
ôģ⣬ҪһˣֻҪǿճѲ߾ˣǶϹл
СͱڵĲᣬôϾͰٵ˼Ծǡ
ּδ˾ûˣĴʶ̽鵽Ĵռ䡣
޴Ŀռ䣬ǰĴܶһҲһȻγɵľ޴ֻܶܶƣһӵľ·ݵ㡣
ݵرмһ޴ˮ̶˺ˮΧ̶ˮЩܵķ¡
ˮ̶ϷһĶﻺתⶫǳ죬һֻܹ͸ڲĴ۾һ
죬ѾûЩˣԸø
СܿʿǸɵľӪ߹ȥһĻӦҪڵĵط
ʵ̫ˣɲݾߣһƧĵطĵȴʱ
ʱʵˣ׼ʱ嵽Ӫ֮С
ӪһڶƷ裬ʱһ΢磬׽ˡ
˭䱸;Լļͷ·ѹǧʯһ㡣
һһһĴ󵶼ԼĲϡѴ벱ӻľ룬ﵽɢɭɭ⣬λԼԴʱܰҡ
л˵αضǹġλ쵹Ҳ򶨣ͷҲ˵
󷨣ת˽ǰЦл˵ǲʲôͻشʲô˼
ؽһҲ޻˵ˡֶ֪ΣҲͲνĵֿˡҪɱҪУ㣡
ջͨԵЦͣҾӣҲͲõˡʿɱ裬ҲǸӡǣ㲻ҪΪӾңҪֵһô
ʳ֮»֮ǣȻ˼ҶһҲûʲô˵ġ͵һҵӡ
ֲûбƳǣӵǻĸܹͬĻرô
ߵؽҲӣͱЩ顣ѶҪЧµģɱңҲıġؽʲôֶĥңܷˡ
ζס˻͵˫ۣЦͣϣΪһֱãиֱҳƷµӦûϡؾͳһǵ۹ǲ赲ģκΥǱѹġ
һû˵˼ĺԣôѶˡ
һףͣΪûֶζԸôָ·㲻ߣֻòֶˡ˵Ҫǿס㣬ڴ˲߶ʿ췴ӻΪޱҳϵôļӦڱɣǻأ
͵Ͽʼҵس鴤һֺ˵Ŀ⿴㣬㡭̫ˣҡ
ƴ뷨һϾͱͷˡܹװѵԼĲϣ˵һˣԼԵġ
ֶ̾Σڽ֪Ķ
صݵ㣬ʵһͨѶľݵ㡣ĵĲˮ̶ϷǸԲһƷ
ǸƷۣ֮ⶫʮֲֿ﷽Բ֮ڣֻҪǷյĿռ䣬лĶܱ֮ռѶϢȻЩյĶ󷽣͵Ǻǰسһ˫۾һ
ҲһüͷʹյĶʵ̫ˣ֮һƷؾһһ
ڵϣжвȵĴʩɵ˵صУռСһ£ǿ鰡
Ȼ뵽һ飬ʵͣôҪĵطô沿ӰأҪǰǸȷȫô
Ѿûʱش𣺡ǹʵǸˮ̶ĶǶǾǰȫġˮ̶ĶҪ˹ġ


836 Ѫ
ˮ̶Ķ
ȻǸˮ̶ע⵽ˮ̶û뵽ˮ̶ôҪá
ͽͣˮ̶ﰵһּΪֲĶѪ١
ⶫǳأҲ֪Ӧðֲһ໹һ࣬ÿҪ˵ѪιפʿʵϾǸѪṩϵġ
Ѫ٣ǼʶˣҲûⶫⶫʲôģʲô˺Ч
ҡͷ޽ʱһˡǽפѾˡرңûرش飬ҪõⶫرңǧҪԼѪˮ̶ѪʲôҲû
ŶҪǳôⶫ
ʹӻͳһĴСƷ˵ֻҪⶫˮ̶ѪپͻԶæ
ӻ͵ùСɵƷһо֪һһͷ⼤Ʒ벻ⶫƣֻ˻͡
ͣҲ˵ʲôˣȫԼѡһҪƵ֮۵ģҰϧǸ˲ţԴӦñ֪ĻࡣȥδӣҪˡ
˵꣬ת߳Ӫʣֱ֮߹ȥ
ۣ֮ʵؾĸ󻼣
ⶫϵؾнԹپڱ֮С
ߵˮ̶ߣ̧ۿһ¿е̧ۣ֮ȡͨԵ
פҲ˶ؾӰʶλˣеʿ¶֪Ķͷˣǲ֪Լʲô
ҲɱӵܹڷǵĴģҴսкؾսҪˡ
ֻҪЩûежԵΪЩ˻ǳ˱黳
ͨԵһ𣬶ʱ˻ХһɻûԾջۣ֮ƽˮ̶ˮȻһ˹һ
һüһһأȷʵԴˣʲô飬ڶԸҪĿ֮ǰһҪ峡ȫ˼֮棬ΪƷܲԼһͺˮ̶
ˮ̶죬Űעŵ档
һˮˮˮУһˮ״ϸľˮ¶塣ͨ·Ѫһޣͷֻ۾ǷϺɫ
ⶫһת壬޴ͷ­ͳſѪڣҪһ̵
΢΢һ˾࣬ͨԵһãһ޴ͷһӱˡ
޴ͷһϣžһһ̲Ѫˮ
ʧȥͷ壬ûʹӣҡ˼£ͷϴһӳͷǣͷһչȻɶ೤壡

ˮ̶ˮȫɽ˰գȻһ޴һĶĹ״ĶģɣΧѪ
յˮû£ͱӿѪգˮ̼ǵһ̡
ӦþѪˣ
ҲһôܽѪأ
ʱ޴ͷһһң˹ͷͬЩѪɫҲҡҷƮпռ䡣
һʱ䣬ܹĿռȫס
ŭһƵΧͷһζնѪˮ
ʧȥͷҡμһӻγĸͷ
ЩնϵȴԴԴϷ賤ǲסĲݵӡ
ٿصѪһӣܹͨնͷֹѪٵĽһûʵԵЧ
ͷĲϴ£Ѿ˼ٸ֮ࡣȥѪٵͷ㲻û֮ܳޡ
֪ȥûκЧģ͵۹۲һΧðһա
Ĳٿ£ȻܱߣХŷɳսţŤֱѪٵĸɱȥ
ѪһӲס壬ٸͷҧȥ
ûҲûжܡѪٵעĹӮʱ䡣
ƾǿ壬ĬĬѪٵһһεĹ
וּһݺնѪٵĸ
žžžž
Ѫɫһſͷ˲仯Ѫˮεδʡ
ͳĻҲֱðҲ켶ܹһˣҲ޷æѪٵĹġ
ΪѪپʱ򣬱òҲ̶õĸȻʮѪɫ
Щ̽ͷûָǰΧĿɿڴʿ
ʮʿ⧲һӱק˸λ
ǲǲ
ʿǻûüͱһ飬Ѫ⽬
ʿǵѪ⽬˲䱻գϾͻָǵˣԵñǰҪˡ
ಡ
ɳ˼ٸΧٸʿϵ˸ЩʿҲһⱻյ
پŭգָŻͺȵ˰ɣӾôԴԼ˵ģͣЩô˵Ҳĵ֣޹ȥܿȥô
;ˣ૵ⲻģ²Դµġһǻþһǡ
ûȻ˵꣬ѪٵĸְѼʿקȥһֵĲ䣬ѪѾԭʮСˡ
㻹Ĵ룡ͣҪǰϧֵǵ͸Ͽܣ죡
ŻعգۼǧʿĲõһ֣˭Ҳĺġ
Գһ£ʹֵǣϿ⳷
ѪƺԸЩʿѪɫһзˮ˼ϽȥæһѪɫնϡ
ߣŻʹ
ָʿˣʿǳˣȴûߡ
ͨһ͹ڵأؽһҶĿ½ǧֵڷؽߣҸ˽һеʱˡ
ɵϣûκεãűдõʱءһŰѻ߳ȥѪѾٸͷѪɫǧƲ
ȻһЦӻͳ˸ԲоԲ̺żΪ񱩵ӦһַǳԵĸ߱Ʒ
ͣҪʲô
ͱЦţǧֵܾװһкĿټֵܣ߱򣬱Ǹؾ׼ģڣҪǻҵˡ£δ㣬θͣ
˵ţһ֣һŸۣ֮߱ԼһŸ߱ӿ˸ɺԵˮ̶
䡭䡭
ҵıը޴ܶھҲ
֮ҵıըлɷ۳ѪٵĸҲ̣


837 ǿǴ
ҵıըֳһʱסˡ
ѾβʣǷɣ붼ᡣһޱҳϵĽ˵ʲôܱΪ֮ϧѪĴϷˣأ
ըನڷãܶļµĶ֪ܶҪˣű͸пĸ飬˳ܶ
˶⣬ȵķ֣µʿȫܶĵصûߵ˼
ʲôϿ֪ģһҲɱ¾
һУǰʩؽǻôˣ
ݺһüͷѻǰϸЩ
еսʿȫᣬһʱ䣬ڶ
ôı죡˻ôˣ˵Уٲ۽ǵˮѾˣҪջĽȥ
˵꣬Уٳ£ؽȥ֮ؽҵ׷ؽԼҲֵ·
еʿȫ£ݵǰ
ѰݷĽʿȫһأгʹζϲõĳɷ֡
ǣΪһսʿҶҳϵսʿޱ黳ġûҳϣ¸ңΣѵʱȻڱӵߣʵ֤ҳ϶֣һʵҲ֤ˣǵҳϲûлӦеء
˵;ޱȷ£Ϣһڣ˵ӵʩбʾͲ˵ˡΣҲҳʿﵽɸ˵ĿġΪؾͳ˧ҴؾӭǼؾ
һеͶʿ˵᳤
ҪЩ˻ص棬Уֹˡ
ؽǹ꣬ǻ֡Թз֣޽СҲ滪ȫ̲롣Թ֣ԱԸӵĵӦķ֧սͼ
˹˼˵˵ǿ԰ľԹ£
νؾ֣ǣΪ򲻿սֻҪһһ졣ΪӦøϿƽԹΪĴ󲿶ӸܹõĹ
˵꣬ͳһֽƾż仭˾ԹĴ֡
һԹķֻۻңͨ˴Ĳ·㹻ؾˡ
ڸ㶴ڵشӶ˰صķЩȫǧжӽɵģؾ͵صʱ򣬺пܾͻᱻ
ָŵͼϵʵЩʲôȥ
˵ЩطǾԹҪڵ㣬ҪȫݻپԹطôҲܲȥġҺͻԿ϶ǣ϶ǻ᲼رʮ塣
ͷһµͼȻͨͨѶģõϵĲ¼򹥻ӣԹ
Źһǧ˳˾Թ
˴ܶͣ
ֵǣǲǣǹԹǳնǲص棬úһ
˭֪ⷬûбЩսʿܡ
ؽǣǲǵ˿ǸЩûʲô𣡻սǾȱӵͲΣ󡭡ǲҲ߱Ǿ뵽ǰʣѵЩֵֵܲۿһô
ԣǵҳϣɼŰ޵վҪܵͷؽǲΪԼΪЩ㹻ĵȴֵָһҪ뵽Ķȥ

ò˵ܹڵģ㹻ҳϣ㹻Ѫĺӣ
ֻҪӸЩ㹻أЩǻ౨ġ
ȴΪԼĿģذЩƵһλϣ𹫷Ҳ֮еġɴ˿ʲôҲ赲˱ձɽûͷˡ
ӽָͳؾװЩսʿװ򵥸һʹ÷Ź꼰Щսʿɱ˾Թ
;֮ϣ±ǣԱںؾ󲿶ʶ
ⲿؾھԹǳϤͲ̽飬չָ㣬ǰС
һԭ򣬻Ϊ;֮ϳֵĲ·ֻȫը
һн˰ʵϵֱ߾뻹ʮ
һǳĵطòͣ
ؽǰǾԹһڵ㡣зǳȻȻÿǱ˴ͨģʮָӡӻ˲ٵĿնǡЩǶǾ⴦ģƷΧģֻɱ¾һ
Щ¾ָսʿöƷըһ޴Ŀռ䡣Աںؾиĵط
ըúʱؾĴѹܸؾ죬Ȼóͼϸսͨ
ؾϹ£ʮһжӣЩжӸиְĵҪսͶս
ͶսģǱƺڻжӡ
ݹṩ鱨ǰ渴ӵĵصлñ峡ķǰصеǡ
ǧжӷֳսС飬Ӹڹȥ
䡭
һը˷жӵĹ˳
Ȼֹͷûáһʱ䣬ը
ԲΪľ볤ǱըԼˡ
͵һܿǻжӳ쳣
뵽Ӽǿ䣬ԼһͷһѨ
ŵصǰнû߶Զͷؾսʿʬ塣ЩʬУеǱСӵĳԱеʹþѻ߶ߵڻԱ
ʬϵ˺ۣɵ˺ۡÿһʬ嶼ǲҲ̶õӣЩ⡣
ΪѾ֪ǣڱС󶼸ڻС顣ڻС鶼Զ뷢ǵƷôôأ
һ·ǰУ˸ؾսʿʬ塣ִּһ£صսС飬Ӧȫûˡ
ջǰн
ȻоԼǰʮɵλϿԼ£
ľϣߵ򏎻оѻô𲻵ڻأ
ʶһɨΧĻ˲Ȼ
ĵصÿǰһ䣬ߵ򏎻оѻ޷乥ǵϵġȵǿˣߵ򏎻оѻڽ޷ƳԱṩ㹻ڻġ
ǵˣڻСĳԱѱ
뵽û˼ɵȽǣϻٸ˻
ȵϹĻжӣȫܹսʿһǧˡ


838 
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˵ûв˵ģĵطһǧˣôҲܲˡ
ѹѹսҪȥġĸıսǵʱ˿˹ǿͷ
ӽָͳʢʴ𶾵ƿһͷһʱϰѶըס
˷УСʱ䣬ͰеĶȫסˡ
ǵȴʱˡʴѾԶɢ˰ըĶٴ
ö֮ظıսǿսʿǰ濪·һεص󣬱Աٸ۵ĵصըֱߡ
ʴ𶾵ЧؾսʿԾû֣һڷһǷϾͳԿˡ
±ɵսС飬ȴһȡԽǷԽԽ٣ؾǰٶȾԽԽ졣
ۼ˳ӵıָԭֻؿͨȫըס
ͨһƬ۵ĵصȺһĵطᣬͳ˹껭ĲͼǰԶǹǵĵһĿĺ㡣
ָź˵ؽǰڸ߶Ȼܵľ¾ݵ㡣Һͻʱ򣬴ϵ£ȫ۾ɱǣġȻûпҸо˷սУؽСġ
ͷʾϿɹѡҪһжӽʱ򣬹ӧҪһȥ
һ£ù˶ôҲؾϤͬ˹
һǰнΧĿռ侹ȻԽԽǰΧĿռѾܹ˹ģսչ͡
Ȼ˵㿴Ǵżʮ֣ܻܲ˵ľ¾ݵ㣿ϾǵķװǱķ̣ûױˡ
һ˵ؽҿɲҴƱѾǱӵĸˣʱҪۡҲ֪ᷢʲô顣
Ц޷ֻʮֹȥ̽鲻ʲôҲܽ۲һ¡⣬Ҳֵܴȫˡ
˵꣬ʩչ仯˻͵ӣ˶ʮʿϹصصķȥ
û߳Զ͸оΧĿɢһɭɭζָогǵÿһ뵽֮һ
һƬܹʮ˹ģĳƬӪʣǰ
ЩӪʣҰսӪûʲô𣬵ܸоЩӪʱһεĶţ˵ĹΧ
һжʮˣܿͽӽƬӪʡ
ӪʵΧһƬƬֹդֻһխͨ
˵Ķ飬դѲӡ
վסǲ֪ǾصôϷ߸ɱۡ⻰Ǵһλ÷ģǲõİڡҲǿһ˵ķװԼ˵ģȻͻйˡ
ͣסˣӪʻнʮû뵽ôִٵĵطôԶ
λֵܣǻҪʵ£λֵи㡣˵
ߣ⻰ûãʲôҪ鲻ͨѶϱҪôԶ·ʣµĿҲܴȥ
Цλֵܣϵңǰ֮ѾըˣѪҲݻˡ㿴ҵѾʣˣҪȥͶ·˲Ż²ߣֵ̧ܸ֡
͵ʿϵõģ͡ôһ˵˵İҲЩòˣϾǱӵһĸ
Եһ£ҵøһ¡
˵꣬ʿϸϷϵ
ãڸһᣬ
һߣۼԽԽӽӪǮդȻоֲĸо
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һôˣúõΪʲôҪˣ
һӱԭӣصǱӵһĸҪĵطһĽءĲ֣ͶҪ˵طǱֱӿƵġ֪͵Ϊˣһӣ϶ǿթڿء
Ȼϼؽ쳷ֵڻ
䣬ߵĵȻҵزٿһѿڿѷѿһսʿһվһͷȥ
һȥסսʿһӣס
ֽסսʿһ
ߣϺ󣡱ĥߴؾĹؾߣĥߴ˭߲ˡ
£ʿæܣʱѵѷһӿҽЩҽһӿȥ
˰գקͨԵڹҽǰһ

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һϣù˳ֵʱܡ
ߵĶϣʯ䣬һ¶Уļ걩һ¡
ȡְѹʮס˴ȫ䡣ȥһְѴŴ𣬶żɻ˲Ӽĵط
Ӵгֻĸо
ؽҲ˵ؽ޵Уһ֪ˡؽΣ֮жԵǲ벻ֵڡֻҪؽһֵǵˣ
˵ǰͶʹȻһóϷ׷
ùܾսʿȥϢԭذں÷䱸Լ˼ŶԲߡ
ǰӪʣɲͨľ¾ݵ㡣ΧֲĲáҿСȥ飬Ҫ˶ˣܹĿ²ʮ֮һ
ͻȻѷ죬ӿҽĲӦǻؿƵġȻǻأǾпƻصŦŦλãҲҪڴӪ֮ڡҪǼ˵㣬ǱڼԶľϾܿơ
İ취ûдܹͨߡӪǰƬ򣬼Ҫ˾ˣ
˼ʱ򣬹ߵߡ
ؽΪӪ֮ǰƬضգЦʵ
һ˵˭˵أôкð취
Ҳʲôð취ֻǾؽִ̫ڴ󲿶ӵƽˡСɵľӢͻģǧңٵͲôԽˡ
Ȼһǧ˹ʮģľ¾ݵ㣬δҲ̫ˣ
תһ룬˵⣬ʵίԴģƾݵʱս˼άϵ
ʵǳðյľġֻڵصսУڴܶʧ˺üսʿھԹʧ˼ǧˣɲƶսսʱ򲻱ء


839 ͻ
һ˵˼ʱԭһЩ룬õ뷨±
˵СսӣĺôǱڿơԽ٣ִЧԽãʱܹﵽֽһЭ
˵˵սôЩ˷ʵ
겻˼ͷ˵ҲǸ뷨ؽ˼˵ˡ룬֯ǧ˵Ķ飬ǰͻ;ڵ·ø߱ƷըһͨӿҽǧֵܾͿŵѷʵǰӪ֮¡
ˬЦһϯǵ˰˼·ǶԵģǲڵϽУΣ̫ҪѹķѡڰС
һĿɿڴ治֪ôģȻ򵽰ȥ
ҲûжͣʾԼؾѡǧľ䱸˲ͬеԼսͼȥ
ʵ뷨ʲôðյĴ򷨣˵ĸоһ
ѡǧͻԱǷֵͬϹӡ
ȳľоѻڻıСӣСʹõľѻʹõֵͷһרŶԸǵֵͷһǶԸĳõͷ
СӷģСӽ뵽ԤսͶԵصʵʩƣðƤսڶеķƳ
ȶеĵ˲òʱ򣬻еľѻʵʩԶ뾫ȷĵһһ㶨
Ϲľ֮ڽĺֶΡ
ĻСԴӵĹ飬ƵĶһǲò뵽еġ⣬֧
ȡİͻڼ̵Ķϴһ֧㣬Ȼбŷɵ棬ٴһ֧㣬ȻȻбŷɵ棬ƣڵص۽زõϿգһ֮о
ȻʣµһǧͻԱʹǰء
ȫ䵽Զϼؾıӵ
֮ۺѪٱ٣ԹݣñʹȴûôţΪԺЩûǺĵġ
Ҫ̽ӪʱǱܵʱ򣬱ǽһˬ޲ĿһС
û뵽Ȼʱ֮ھ˰ͻİ취̵ܹӿҽĻزһûóñޱץġ
ʹߣֱĲ취ô찡Ӽֱ֣ûͷӬһת
ʹҲһ࣬ΪԹܹסʮ£˭֪ȻѸٽˡ
۽رҲǺʹߵĵ֮Ϊ״ݻزãҲϸʮ죬˭֪Ȼ˼İ취
ߣܹӪʵǰѵĴ󲿶ڰפʮǾŷ𹥻ЦʹߵĻ˵Ƿƣ˵ǶԼͱӵİο
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ǡˣʹߣЩӵ棬ڵϳһŵ㣡ʹߣҪǳɣܰǴȥҲǱϾؾͼ
ģ治֪ʲôûǵģһͻ᲻һǰ塣ǵ۽Ѿ򿪣ȫ۽ǾųȥȥؾԼѰ·ʹһϵĶ
ӱҭһ仰˵ð˵ʹߣǸô찡
˳ȻɣôڵѷվȽŸ˵Ҫа취վסţٳҲ١ߣҵҪôһصġ
߲ȡ˳ѰĹֶΣЧҲǷǳԵġǷû谭
ŴӵͻԱˣЩӵ˵ϡ
ЩĶǲȡʵƶɵģ͸£ʵػᡣӵҽϣûڻ˵Ʈҽ档
һ£۽γһƬĿŵƯƽ档
űСȥӽָͳһŴñС͵رȡʯһŴʯװѹĵ档
ľͱ̶סˣؾӰյԴԴģؾһŵҽ湹һʮȶľ޴ƽء
ʣİı֮ϣͺһյһؾ󲿶Ӵϣɵִǰƽء
ӵִչԴӪʵķչ˹͡
ӰмؾĺʹߺͱӣȫĿ࣬ʹ뵽ѵѡС
ȫǾųܲܳؾһ⣬ܹ壬ŰոųˣֻҪն˸ź͵ϵʣǿɾҪ嵽ҽˡ
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˰죬ãʹ߾ǹΪϲߣʮǣĵҲܵˡ
ʹߵľȷģ˵ĵ˿ܲЩüŵģԽԽȵʱ䡣
ӪʵΧפءȡսķʽԸЩˡ֪뷨ӧԸȥս˵͡
פڴӪΧӣؾ콵һıָɵˣﲻ֪룬ȰЩ˸û룬ȫŹܹˡ
ЩˣֻҪ;֪ؾǾԻӭһпƽͶġ
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ܹפʮǣ˶սҪ֮⣬Ҳһֻ֮ۡҪطˣΧмϵͳҲͳױݻˡ
ͨϸ⣬˱ӺͺʹΪʲôôšԭ˶ؾĶߵ̫ɵ÷ģĳ棬ߵһٴʧ̫Ծ޽˸ӵӪʣԸռ䣬öߵ򏎷ӲӦе
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һۣ֮˵һжڱӺͺʹߵļ֮£ԷһֱûǳȻؾӪ̬ơ
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뵽óһڵСİڵǰĵҩֲ£һЩʴ𶾡
͵ڵ䣬ʴܹڵͷų
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ķλһֲٿڣѺʴ𶾵ĵ˴Ӫʣ


840 ûҩ
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ճսĴûЧġͨ˵ҪôǼػиʽҪôڻ¼еҩڹؼλôһͨ
ҪʲôһСڵʮӪͺСʯӶ˴һʲôЧ
ʹߣе㲻԰Щڵûвǿҵıըðһɹɵо綾ӣǺǣԿǻôǵǲ¾綾ġӿӰӰϵĽࡣ
ʹߵͷʾͬⱱӵķԼ˽⣬ǾԲôľٶġ෴ģһЩٶģ뵽һ㣬ʹ۾գգӰ
ɫܿɢټӪʣȻܿͱֻɫסӰΪɫ赲޷ʾӪھúʹ߶ȻеһɼĲ
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רŶԶߵ׷ĵֱ߷ĵ衣صսԽãؾսʿЯôĵҩûҪͼЯ˭֪طôǾţ
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˭֪СȺɽУһʧˡ
󺧣Ͻһ̤΢Ⱥɽһ̤ʱоԼ·ԽһĿռΧĿռ𲻶۾ֻкڰ׽ӳĹâ˸ҲȻ쫷ĺХ
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ꡭһǰ̽һߴ
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һһ磬һһǬ仰˵ľǰ磬ǴǿƵصһڵ㡣ڵУȴһ硣磬ʵã͸ʵҲΪǧý硣
겻ףͽŽͣҲ˵ҪĴ߶ͨڵ㣬ҪƻС磬һռ仹ԭһ㡣Ǿܴ󲿶ͨ㹥̾ĵط
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842 ³Ǹ
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ʱĽëʥԳԼҪɱͷ׷׹ݵǰЩһﲻ˵ؿȴ֪ΪϽԳ顣
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Ҫڵ³Ǿͽӵľȫϧʹڹؼʱ̾Ȼ÷ֱˣòٶôһˡ
ȥְ·Ӱ˴ŸҰֻҪǻڳڲǾ͸Һ䣡ʹĺ䣡ҵҪֶܼʱ䣡Ц˵ھ±Ӻͺʹ߶èèĻ鷳ˡ
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ڰ֣ҪѺ󷽵ľӵûмǴĻʮڸûжðɣ
˵ĲɾҲɳƽǵǵ˵µľΪżóȻ´Աˡ
ؾĿУѾʤһˣ̵ӵǾͳһĻԻʱ̡
ȴ׵ĺܣֻҪһ첻ѱӺͺʹ߸ɱˣһ춼ȡΪ˭֪ʹߵǲǻֶûóһΪһˣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ģΧ˵ˡ˵Խǵͷǿ侲ˡ
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СֻԼһܹػ֪Ϊ϶֪ԼĴ𸴵ġ
⻰ʱЦԺİˡ
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ԭûйģڱӴӵ³ǰܱ֮󣬼һҹ֮䣬ðôһʵĹ
վڹĶƽ̨֮ϣܹɵؿǵ龰Զؾܹ
ʱƽ̨ǰվţǱӺͺʹߡ
ʹߴˣؾҪˡüͷ˵ֻʹˣ˺ʹû˿ʱ
ʮǸͲİ
־Ͷְɣ¶ߣҵҪʲôֶΣΪʮǾô۸ģʹЦñӻһ·ǲʲôõҪһ㡣
ƺǲ˱ӵĶʹŤͷ˱һۣ˵㡭벻һ
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ǰжȻһɹʣܹлɹʱ˭Ըʧܰ
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һ״ʹߵ忪ʼֽ⻯һɢ

ڼΪݵʱڸɵ˱ʹߣû˵ĿƣЩֱӻһɵڵء
һЩͷ±Ѿ˵սؾʮֲأ
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СӳȥСսʿֿԱߵսʿΪ˵ؽ°ɣ˻治˵Ǹ
ʲôŹսѻˣ㵹Ǹ˵˵˴սʿôͲܹˣһҪ˵ӣСӳŵòϡ
ؽǸӣֵܴĶӣСӳŵӰе˵
սʿһ˵Сսʿϣޡ
ްԲ㰡
ʱˣоӵĹأɭϵľ£Ҳչ˲ĵطӴӣﶼ쾭顣
ô£ȶһǸСӳʵ
ؽСսʿСӣΪСӣԲξʱҲСӴߣ˵Ǻúĥһ¡СӵĹ̼ܽϣӡҺһҲû⡭
ڰ֣ʾСӳ˵ȥˣʵᡣ
λ׺úõһ£úðλСֵܡղ̬ȲãҲȥʮֳϿǸСӳǸ
Сӳ˵ؽûʲôֵͳ˧ŸеأҰһҾֵ
ˣȻ뵽һ⣬Сֵܵ񣬲ǲǾӵʳⰡ
СӳġؽǾӵʳǴϻϣܵϸصġǵʳӦǾսϴγɵЧơʱرǿӿһصģԲ⡣
ʱĺѾϻصߡ
ʾСӳȥæԼ飬ĺ˵ĺֲͣõԤУȥһ飬ӻսֵĸ˽״סǾԽҪ񣬸Ÿλ֮ǰеͳƽ㱨
ĺͲҵϽһһ
ʱ֣ͳƽˡĵ黹Ƿˡ
еȺг֮һ˸еһҲ᲻гǧ˳صŻ¸к֢״ĿǰѾΪۣҶΪƣ͹ģҲû⡣
Щûԣȥ鿴Щ֢״Ⱥ
صȺѾеһؾҽԱмеҽ
ҵҽ٣ѯε
ҽϸ֢˵ķͨ۲죬Щ˵Ĳ֢ʮֹŹ֣ڳ֢״ʱ˲ʧȥص岡״
Щ״ϿǷ纮кһ֢״ʵȴΪûеֿŻ÷纮һļûа취
ҽԱѾձ״ҩ֢״ûмᣬǸˡ
üͷʵûбķô
ҽ˵ؽҵ֣ҵķʵǲϳҶãǲϴˡ
Ź˵㾡˵ʲôԼж˵
ؽҼҴҽѧʵҽҲãҲãЩļ˲١ҷ֣ǵ𷢲ԭȻĳȺеļûʲô޴ڰ
⻰ϻȻ
ǵ޵ѪҺһЩЯĲҲѪҺвд档ǱɱЩѪҺûĲȻȻͻͨӴȾ˵ϡ
ϵĲôϽʵ
ҽٵһɪޱȣǼֱǽѣԸһĻҪٷ
ҽٵĻ䣬Сʱ游ڻɽԵǸʱ򣬻ɽϵĴɽ޼ֱˣǡΪҪɼɽ޵צҩģԶɽϵһָơ
ĳһգ͸׺ȻɽϴĴɽڷһ֪ЩɽһּΪԴȾ
ҪǣֲܴȾ˵ϣһҲȾˡҿҽٵĸҽƳֲҩһ˲ŵҴ档
һҾټԶ棬뿪
죬ҽٶԲ˼飬Ȼ֢ⷽ״¹شҲ¶ۣϾ漰ǧ˵
һɳеΡҪҽٻ˵Լжϡ
ϰ֪䷽ҩ̸Ƿȥϣ
ҽһؽе㸴ӰȻҾûдǳֵĲ飬֢״ı֣ռҸ䷽³°


848 
֢Ĳˣͷҽ˵ˣҲȲˡͰķҩһֲҩ⣬𡣡
ҽٸϽԼķӰҩһѡʮˣҩȥ
ҩڹҩ֢״ܿ˺ת˰СսʿһҲҴ⣬ҹغҩĲߡ
ҽټʮָж˵ؽҹۣȥɲСϢһұ֤۾գʱ۲죬һ㱨ô
ѾѪ˿ˣָؾӾսһֱ죬û˯սʿǻھս˵ʱһ£ͳ˧иܹϢ
ȣ¹ش󰡡ҿҩûãܼҪҩõĻϢҲ١
ҽټ˵ֻøЩ裬λĻ
Ԥһʱ֣ҩĲ˷Ӧ
һʮҩԵķӦȣܶԾˣ֢״ǻˣ뵽ȵĻУ²йҲ޷ѻԵļ
Ѹٶ񻯣գۼˡ
ϸ˸ˣҽʵʹҩҲĽô
ҽһҡͷǸһץҩҩ˶ˣûκεĸáҼǵúû
ͷ˵һʱһʱҲʱı仯ҲӦ˾޴仯Ǻģķûϵġ
ҽٱһС˵ؽǿɵĴˡԵĴȾ㲻ûᷢչݱһ޴顣Ϊ˰ȫͣеĹѳ״Աȫ룬մģԤ
һ£ҽٵĽ黹ǺпϵġҽٰռҴķӰҩȫԱȫ¡ţ֪ͨĺͺɳƽսĴж
еĹȫͣеԱȫսֳսֳ¾ߣ˲ڡ
вУԱ״֢΢֢״ƸȾ֢״ȼѸԱ뿪
ĺͽӺ󷽵ӦҩĺǿɱҩģȺеĳг׵ɱ
ҽṩҩԴ˴εķԵЧȴûдﵽԤڵ
Ÿ䷽ʱ򣬸뵥λϱ𾪡
֢Աʴﵽ֮һ΢֢״Ⱥת֢Ϊķ֮һΪʮ֮һ
ƸȾҲкü档
һʱһǧڶԴȾǣû˿֢ȺҲ֢״
ҽҵ㱨ؽµı仯ȥһֱΪִȾΪӴģĹ۲ʵ飬ҷֶܹͨġ
󺧣Ҫҽ˵ôⳡѾ˲ɿصĵزˡͨӴ㻹ܿƴȾԴ;Ҫͨһǵ۹ܱⰡ
Կ϶ôޱ˵
ҽصͷʾԼжûд
ʼʱΪȾ٣ҷֵԸ֢ʱڵĲûȫ޷Բ֢һۺϵķ
ʵ˸֮󣬸֢״׶εıֶܹ۲죬ԲŻһۺϵֱϡ
ؽڼֵĳڣֳľǿԻͷη͵ķ纮Ⱦ˵γɾԲͨʳγɵġ·չкȻͻȻɥʧȫԴƣǲڿд
һ£ҽٵ֢ͬ״Ⱥȥй۲⡣
ڷڵȺУЩȷʵǺܳ쳣ʳûκεĹϵġ𽥼ص֢״Уͳߵ֢״һֱ󣬸ҽٵķ˿Ϸ졣
Ǽش飬ͭһ¾ߣͭϵȺֹذͭһߣȻԽ˿Խ࣬޷ˡ
øʩҽٵҩ˼֮ߡ˺ܶ취վûниĶ
βҩǶ֢ҩ϶ôʱǾʵĿ顣
˼ãϸ۲첡ˣȻ
ԽԽ˰죬һǧȥ
ȴЩ֣ѡһ֢״ʮԵˣʶ˵ϸ̽顣
ߵļûκε⣬еҲû쳣شıĵطߵอ١
ҽٵҩϸоҩԷаΪ˼άķҩԼอǱܵҩ︨Ӧ˵ҩ˼·αα
Ĳ֢ҩӦҩôߵתΣȺôߵʡ
ߵϸµķЩΪľ˥ߣĳЩѪ˨ѪҺ޷อ˥ߡ
ע⡣ϸҩÿζҩģʲô»֢״
ڣҵ֢ڡҽṩҩõһζͬҩģǾǻػݡ
ֲҩиرĹЧǾǱպ󣬼อѪҺǿอżѵЧ
ĲȴڲอѪҺճȣһͻอ˲ݿˣ˲ߵڱϺ˥߶СսʿһЩߵӦԭġ
Ҳ˵Ϊʲôҽٵķҩãȴܸߵ
ʶУеĲܱ۲쵽֣ЯĴɽ޴Ⱦ֮⣬бصĲ򣬸ϵĺ
ɽЯĲ򣬱ͨӴģϵֲ֮󣬾ȻܹɢУγ˿;
еԭҵˣҪסô飬ƴȾԴܹ;ǿƲˡ
ǾֻоܹƺԤҩܹ顣
˲γɵأͿԷĴ󵨶ҽٵҩиˡĳɷֶı䣬Ҫľǻػݵ
˼ãҩȡػݣ֤ûģؼҪʵҩʺϡ
صҵҽ٣Լķ
ҽپøҩĶĸʣͨٴȷ
䷽Ƴҽѡ˰ˣЩ˷˸ҩ
ҩԭе䷽ЧԵָ䷽ЧҽپͰ䷽õС


849 ȳƵ
ҩֻ˵˷Ӧԡ
Ҫⳡ߿סкܶĹҪ
ͨģͭһ˾ߣͭһǳ顣
ĺ·˽ԱһѸķͨϽвûҪҩҩãԱڸΧڳ顣
⣬ѵľصı򡣱ҪѴȾԴͷȻ黹ġ
ƺòԱͭһ߳µԱҪеʬ١Ϊ˳ѾҲڳսеʬ弯еһûոɾ
инӴĶʬ廹ǽյľգյľͷҩ
ҪĴģжһߣ߲ݽָС
ȵȾԴסˣɳƽرԼǴĺһֱͭһпĹ
һֱͭصĿ鹤ˣ԰ģϢһ˯졣
ʱĺϵɳƽᵽһȽе⡣
ǵ۹Ѿͳһؾÿһ䣬쵼ߺߡʱеľ£ʵ϶ؾ׵ġ
ؾһ׵ľһ޴ȱݣǾûһͳһϵͳ
ؾھϵ˼룬ǾԸ߶ͳһģû⡣嵽ÿһеĹϣ൱ˡ
еĵطؾĵط٣ؾϵķеĵطʵоһĹȫؾӵĹеĵطǷ־еĳйʵеĻǵ۹
ҵľ棬ڽдģսʱû£ΪҵĿһµģǹͬ⡣һкƽˣǾͻָָ鷳
ĹҪһͳһЧлЭͳһطʵϵȴţʹﲻһ㡣ԣбҪҪԻҵһϵͳԵϡ
ɳƽĺ͵ķЦ˵ĺͰ˰쵽ʲô˼ɵĺòãҾǸϴ֣ˣӵ£ؽͷﶼ۵ˡ
ĺһ˵ɳô⻰ǺûͷﶼۣҲòĶȥѻЦĸڣǡޣ˵⵵ζˡ

ɳƽһЦĺͣ˼Ҫǵ۹һ뼯Ȩĵ۹ôʵԺ󣬷ɣӦı׼ⲻɼȨͳһ䲼ִôܺð찡
ĺҲǴЦѣҾ˵ô׼ûһ谭Ǿ˭ȨŶӵԡ
ĺͰԴ¿˻ӽˮˣⲻǵ۹Ҫһ»ʵô⻹ʣȻؽˡؽ˭ܳƵۣ˭ҳƵۣ˵ˣǰɳؽ֮иҳƵ۵ģһ
ĺͺݺ˿ڿˮ˵ɳ治֪˵ʲôˣ֪Щؽǲѡ٣ǡǡѡе㲻ð찡
ɳƽе㲻ˣĺͣлֱ˵ɣҶеͿˣôвð찡
ĺ͸ɳƽΨһĵѡ٣һʵµˡֻҪ飬ǾȰ꣬Ȼ˵顣
ǵ۹ٷϴˣƵ۵飬ҲȻᱻ衣ʵϣ仹Ǹ߲㣬ĵλѾ˶ˣͲһ㴰ֽһʽѡ
ɳƽһĺ⻰еľֱָģƵ飬ǱҪͬϲеġҪϵĻ˭Ҳûް
ĺҲ㣬ɳƽԼ߹ĶҪԼɵĻӲƵۡ
ɳƽһ죬ĺ͵Ļɣʲô취ӲƵ۰УԶϴҪǲԸ飬˭ܱ˭ұĺɳƽ׼ãһֻԼźţʱռƻˡ
ĺ͵ļƻɳƽһҧͬˣ飬ƾԶԶģҪƵۣҪϸ˲ܹɵġ
ȵ˯ˣĺͺߣһ𴲣ĺ۹򵹣μ£
һɤӰŪˣ˵ĺͣʲôʲô±µģ˭ǻʵ۰
ĺɫ£ǵ۹ؾһɨƽֵٷϴ֮ʣȻӴ۹ңҪһǿĵʵͳһĹ淶ſɽСµǻǳ˳ĵĴ
еˣĺԼǻƵ۰
Цĺͣ㻹ͦģʵ˭밡ڹһкܶҪȽĴɡҲ֪˯˶೤ʱˣóȥˡߣĺͣҿĹô
ǰߣĺˣȻٸ߳ȥ
ΧľܲæµѾû˴Ļ̵̻ӡ
ֵǣĺûһŶУಽʮֹظں档
ĺͣôˣôŪôɲĺ͵ķɰ
ĺҲ˵ֹ֮ȴԽĹˡ
ת˰죬ĺҲûж˼⣬Ҫʸʱ򣬺Ȼ޴ķ˷Χ£
һؾԼķͷֵǣûʲôôôķأ
ȷϵˡ
ɳƽۣ¬ƴϡؾȻȫˡ
㣬ǲԼķ£ܵҪʲôʵ
Ӳ鷢ˣĺܵڽм䣬򵹣һԲ
ϽλλҪʲôòܵĵطǴɵָȻῼǵģ˵Ҷ֪Լʲôˡ
˾ڵϲɳƽ˵ǵ۹ͳһͳһ쵼ټĵ۹ؽңؽյǻ
̾ˣ㲻ǴõģҪԼǻӦ˵˵뷨Ҳеġ
һͳһҪһڵ쵼ͳһʹתڵϾܶ࣬һϡ
͵ʱĺ͵شӻͳ˻ۣһֵϡ
Ѿͬǵ۹Ļʵۣҿΰݻʵ۰ĺͰѻΰϣ۸ߺ
ɳƽ֮ĺ;֣֯͵һϡʱ˴˷ӿ׷׹ǰߺꡣ
һӣͶͲˡӿļʮ˵һ£ݻһô
ĬϵʱĺͰϢ֪ͨ˺󷽡ŵİЧǲǴģܿͰйƵ۵Ѹģͬʱÿ۵λá
Ƶ۱飬е˵УǷǳѵģΨ¶ľżһ㱻˹أΪԼһ
һ飬ǾǵԿطۼ顣ЩˣҪԼۻ֮λʵ˰


850 ̫
ܿͰһ״̬
ȻѾĽѾ˻ʵ۵λӣǾҪʵ൱顣
Ϊ˵ǻʽһ۹ĻʵˡǴش뷨㹻ܹһз֮⣬ڸ߸ǸλϵˣҪЭ÷档
˵ıܾ׷棬ºҳ޹ءײ˵Ҫǲӣֺ֧ӵһʹԼȵô
ͬĵϵĸײ㶼Ҫ֮ԳƵʹȻŻȹ̵֧Ȩ޴ĽεȨ̬
ͳһǵ۹µԱɣɳݡ˵ţȻǸؾսʿˮһϲ¡ⲿˣǾֵõġ
һǽвеǿƣĹ׷ġⲿҲǿõġ
һ֣ͶӣΪͶؾǿͷԣǽͷһͶǿ̺ôⲿʿͷ۵ģΪⲿûзǵͼΪ˴֣Ҳⲿˡ
Щ˲òУ˻ģҪܵļϵţܹˡ
ɳƽҪžҪƶµľ棬ĺҪ䲼ͳһķƶȡ
֮еһУæȻ죬İҪۡ
ɽѣɽѡ
ãæʵ۱ָһսҪˡץǣЩһʼ;ͣ
һ۹ͺǾս˫һ;ûлͷ·
˭Ľָ߸ϣһ¾³ɵĵλ˭֪ΪλҪٵļŬ
ǲ±عףɾⶨֻյľˡ
ӵϻҪģһҪɾҵ޷ǹӣʸӺǮӡ
ؾ˲ٵĽӵĽҲǼ͡ԭеĽѾ㲻ôԱš
Щ˵ĳŵؾĴܲ¾ʳ԰ɣǰžģʽԹ淶ֻΪԤ⣬ԭžУžС
Դƣһԭ򣬽ԭĵפҪԵĵפܹΪ޷ҡ
ԭ·ž˧ѩǻѩǻʺžͳ˧Ҫˣɳƽ뼯ž
žžͳ˧ԭͳ˧Σƴϳžͳ˧¬ǵη˼žͳ˧ϲžͳ˧鱨ŵͳ˧һְ
žͳ˧ȫؾɲ˧䱸ǣĸؾɲ죬һΪؾº͵Ľˡµĸ죬Ҳǰؾɽͽıһıš
ģǵ۹Ͻ⡣Ƶ۵İĵϽ˵ͩձŲ֪Щʲô
ĺ͵Ľ飬ӦֱͩľӽƣͩԲӾͿˡͩӦĻԳûĸ֮
Ͼǵ۹ڣкˣҲʣһλǰˡ
ȴûǾϽȥλǰӡɾ͸ɣ϶ϽֱӾͩй
ͩ˵Ѿ⣬Ͻӭӡ
ٴμ棬˶оһ˿ա
ͩϧΪǵ۹ͳһŬڣǵ۹ѾѸ£۹ˣ߸ϵĻʵۣ
ͩԳһ£˫ϥ򵹣ͩμ£
ûܹõͩ˿̵ᣬͺñԭԼļҲƣ˶ȥҪ˳Ƴеĸζ˭õġܾ壬ԼҲţ˵ȴֻԳǰݵǱͲʡ

ѳɣԼб뷨ҲѾΪֻ֮˳ӡ
ͩû򵹵ʱ򣬾ͰͩүشǽȥþһΣ
ͩǿȾˣʱЦãȻˣ΢žˡ
һ˶ˣ
ƹѲЦүҸ㶨ԼһĻĿ֪үкθ룿
ͩҲףǸԼˣ˼ϾҪǻƵˣܲ̽һԼǰӵ̬ô
вʣ̫ǿԼҲûжá֮ƣѡ񳼷ȽǡңҰĲˣһֱΪΪˣΪ˸֮˲ܵѹȣٹżȣʹԼĿģҲ
ٵǴ䣬¹ġȻǱʱ֮ԣԶ£ΪǧｭɽЧ޶ģͩط¾Ʊޱ˵
ԼԼһƣǳõҽ飬̫ƽطҪ֪үô˵ģ
⻰ͩ￩һ£ԵȨʻھԵʵǰͩûʸı㲻㻰⡣
ڣֻ·һ˳ӣ
ɨƽڣĺƽȻǵǹɽʱҪôıʲôƽ˷ѹҵĲѡ£ҼȻѾ¶׷ҲҪֻһӣȫɢҲǱ¶ҵʥˡ
⻰˵Щ̺ǸΣ
ûӦһһơ
ͩŵû亹ֱðѵҲ޷Ĺô֮˯ÿһλߵĻ˼ѵ
ͩ˼ʱ˵ˡ
ֻҪسŵȻҲסԼŵԡԱʮľӣǵ۹϶˱ʮǳʳءľλɴഫֻҪ㲻ѣ췢ģ
ͩˣɵ᳤ڵظлʶ
һӣЦǻ佫ʮպУүҪ
˵꣬÷ţϻؾӪ
е׼Ѿˣ
ǵ۹Ĺ䣬ֻǵ۹ĳˣʽıΪػʳʵΪѩΪʺػ򱻲Ϊ̫Ӵ
ػʳĶǣΪ޽ĳСǵǵ۹ĻģλþҪѡǵ۹Ҫ壬ĻӰĵط
޷ġĺͺµҪ֮󣬾ڶǽ
ǵĹģȴ޷۶ĺưڵкͶһ壬޽һǵ۹ĳУΪ걳ǣΪ۹ǽ̵˼
һգǻھУǵ۹漯žҪͳ˧죬ҪԱиǿʵ֮ͩȫӿ걳ǲΰۡ
޽õĽ걳ǣܹɰ˿ڣǻ֮ʱȫӿϽͷټĽ걳ǻӺ꣬ȫӿͷһô̫ķɡ
ʱ̶̫ӿ·ӽ걳ɵƺƵʹϵȺʵֵ꣬ԣ޲Ĥݡ
ٹټݵأϻܰٹٳݣػʳ
Խǵ۹ʷͽҿڴػʳոµƪ£


851 ʵ۵ķ
ǻƵۣڱҲ޷飬ͳޱƵ顣
һʵµˣһеķȽǵʱ䣬˷Ķ
Դס˻ʹԼɱòˡ䱸ɭϣһһǰӵ˵ܵʲôطҪסֻҪ˼صߣϾ˻㱨ϼ
ʱһȺЫƨһ𼱻ǸϵʹϹϾ׷ĶȥˣΪʲôȫԱ˵һþ
ʼʱĽԼֻ뾲һҸû˵ĵطһ¡
Ĵ̬ȹȴ쳣ᶨĻش𣬲У
˺ƢҲˣٴйԱԼٵʱйԼĲѾǻʵˣΪʲôʲô鶼Ҫ⣿ѵԼҪһ˶ô
Ա򵹣ʹļȰһҪһɽΪأʵһ֮Գͻù뵽ѵС
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ͷͨղŵľĤݣòϣһ߸ϣдһʥַͳߣǵ̤ʵĸо
ҪľǾ־ֻҪ˾־ܹԼǱȥԿķꡣһֵε䣬Ἣ󼤷ľ־һΪͬγɼĳǿ־
һ壬һ۹ǲɹľƸ
ʱҲòϣĺһֱάȨƶеġΪǾʹأЩĵʱھͻٹΪȨһо϶Ǳġ
һ۹ȶԶġ
ĺͣҽĽ顣Щ̫صǵ۹֮һҪͬǲţԷǽо֪ֻҪӰ죬Żһתġ
ĺͼټһƶȣϲʥ
һˣʥƨҶҹĻ񶼳ˣռ˱ˣҶ֪ǵ۹ͳһһս͸֧еʴٸҹһ̣Ӷˡ
仰ĺ͵ˣһ佫ȴޱȣһЦ
ĺθɿȼ˵£̫ˣԺȺǰɲ
ĺ˵࣬Ҳֿ̫񣺡ĺͣһע⣬ô˵ˡˣ֮Ӧڶʱڲҹ̫ĳͻ
ûĺ˵ҹǸ飬ʰˡûȥĻȻҶǵ֡ϴҶʮӣұ֤ƽˡ
ĺϴ
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еĽ춼ʹҹĵһսսҲҹƳİۡ
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ô찡ˣǿɲˣ˵߾ˣǵĺܶ̿ǽؾġҹһ뵽⣬ޱͷ
սһ˵үɲصģ˵ô˺ūŵĳԱҷؾûɨƽǵʵΪǵʴѾѷޱˡ
ҹ̾˵ô˵Ҿ蹷һǰһʱڽؾ̣ʵ̫ͳһˡֱôһ£Ÿûָ֧ؾˡ
ҹ̾ʱ򣬾ϳм
ҹһ£ӿ˼ȵĿֻŸС
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սùϭһЦүûˡ˲ɽ𻢣к̸Ļˡ
ҹȻ۾һʵ⻰ʲô˼ôƺƴôк̸Ļ᣿
սүµԷͻʵҷڣʼѷȴϮŻ˵ġ
ҹһĨɫҧǿɲԸһһ
ү룬ڽҲôڽʿô
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ǰ˵ʿˣڽҲŵøβ޶־һȺˣʲôڳؾк̸Ļᣬؾ̸еĻᶼûˡ
뵽ҹսԼһ𵽱УԷǴػʵۣһʹڹȥǺŪˡ
ҹ˸ؾŵĵطȷʵһ
ʱ㲻òųǶôҪؾΪǻʵоԻʼųװεġ
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860 ֮
˵ҹˣսҲǿ壡
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ĺ͸Ͻ˳˽һ㣬˵ǵѹҲͦ󰡣룬ôˣõɵĻȥҲûڽ

˫ĭҷɣһڴ̸е
ҹϺǵ۹ػʳĺϷԺһе۹ϣ˫ѺûԭͨҹԿΪ˫ͨ޵ŦгҹӵйϽȨ֮⣬Ĵ񣬲˰
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ΪԨ۹һɽնһʯͨԵһ棬ͨԵ˸֣ǿߣԶ
һʯͳؾҹеĽ紦ҹԨ۹ľʯ𺳣ؾ˼
صͼǣԴػʵ۵壬ΪԶ󽫾ͳԨ۹ؾˣȻĺɻдصǵ۹
֮˽ٵӿ쵽ˣе鶼ĺͣͬʱźԼȥ°š
ں󹬷棬ɺʹ˱ΪΪɹʺѩͳ󹬡
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ϰ䲼گ飬֮࣬ҲһЩ˰աϾǵ۹Ȼﻹ˸ǣԨ۹ǱҲƽˣʿۣò
ҵ飬ֵĺɳƽһҪѩ˵ԼҪȥһˣƮȻ뿪ǵ۹
֮Ҫ磬Ҳܹġǵ۹ɣɹǵ۹ı߽磬ԽԨ۹ٷɹ޾½أһֱĵط֮Ψһܹĵط
ӻʹ˴ʱ䣬󺣵ıԵ
ձ˵ͬʱһ˿ռѷ죬֮ҲǴռѷ콵䵽硣
ͬľʱ䣬ǲ֪ġҲֻǰһȺǸʱ̵١
󺣵ĽʵڰиһߡҲ֪ǿռѷֻźߵϿշУûʲô쳣ĵط쳣ĵطһЩ
Ȼһ͵ɽСɽʮͻأڴ󺣣·ɳ̲Уӵص״ܳһ޽һָС
ɽǰ߽ɽ塣
źԶ͸оһԶźİϢɽԽԽϢԽԽŨеԼʱС


861 
ͻȻǹŨԶϢһʧ

һİ
һ˽һ˳Űεضɽ壬ɽͬľһȻ
ɽһ࣬¶һ絶һʯ
д֡̽壡
֣Ծ·ֱɽ壬ƣžһİǿҲΪ֮ݡ
̧ȥ̽ƬƬƣΧɽҲ֪̽嵽жߡһʱֲĵط̽塣
̽ɽ쳣վֱֱµ¶ȡ˵档
ڶԴ̽ɽ𾴣ûѡȥһܿ죬Ƶİɽ
ǣ̽޾һƾôûе嶥˼
ȻȻûë׾ҵ󾪣˼ΣյŻеıܵķӦ
ͣתͷ뿴Χʲô
ƵУ˵Ľ⡣
ֵķΧǳ֮Ŀ֮⡣أԽԽʢֲĸоҲԽԽǿң

ĲϷȻɢһ˶Դ˳Դһ䷿ݴСһģͷϵëŽɫһޱȻĸо
һ˽ţԼܹĴ˵еޡ
մģûһǺǵģ
ĽëʥԳǿ̶һҲԼ
һ屾޷һߣӦһĽ𽣬еߣ
࣬̽岻ģȥȻ֮أ𽲻˿ɫ˵
һʱ䣬еЦá
޶࣬ˣһµҪһǸͲ
Ӧ˵еڹŶļɵСֻҪǳǿޣһܹޣڲڶ࣬һѡܿǸоԼܵвʵ̫ˣ޲Ż֡
γһˣȵ뻯֮ԭľηоͻһ͵ʮֱĸоΪӦö޵ģھǿǰκ඼ҪˣҲǴԱԴһֱ̬зԾɡ
뵽ٺЦι𽣬ʵвһѡĽţëʥԳеϽԳǶҸǣǡ
죡ҲŲʶЩ·ļһǸһǽϣôܹһȣϻϽȥȻܵġıĺͲмһˣƺһ壬Ķ
һӱˣЦʵƾʲôȥҾȥѵ̽Ǽҵģ
ܹ˵ޣȻжĴڣЩǣɸСͿƤӽ˵ǲеġ
𽶷죬׻
ǼҵģôҿǻˣŲһˣЩ꣬۶죬úԶ
Ŷ˵Ǽҵġ֤أ˵ƾ֤óзأеЩûУҿдֻ֣̽ҪдҾΪ̽Ǽҵġ
һѽýɫ۾ֱðӣͷݺһſͱͷҧ˹
˵Ͷ찡
˵ҧǵ͵ޱԣ
˫һŴ̽ɽ壬ವһ˴̽壬ڰһת˽ϷڰУקͨԵһ֣ŽͷϷĴ̽ɽһ
Ҳһ㣬ҲҪѰ˼ڽͷɽͨԵһնһӣŻŻҲˡ
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һЦ޴࣬̽Զô򵥣ΪƾƵܻƴ̽ôû氡
һ£ϻؾҲЦң̽ôӲŪĻҲŪ
ĵؿһۣһչᣬΧһɢһɽһСĽͨƳǰ
һڿһ͵̽һײ޴ɽһģ
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Ͷأһ֮ȻԼͨԵҪȻǷ֮ϽԳһƴ
ǣϷ֮ĶЦαôأҲһľȴǰѳ̵ľʹˡɵöЩˣǲǸղȣԴ˰
̫࣬޳ˣ㲻УҪǲѵһ£治֪ϵһж
˵ţ˫һ񣬱ͳˡЦڿ
ٶȿ죬ҸСԿ˶תҲãҲãǳ
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٣ٶȻǲаץҰǲûԱǸͷ̫ҵһ׼׷ҡһ߶һ߸𽶺֡
˫ð𣬺޲һڰˣôŬǲôһǰ㣬ۿҪ׷ˣһˡ
Ȼٶȣŷһƽ
תЦôˣСԹǲûˣҪϢһ
䣬ͼһ죬һ͵
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ವһ£ʱе˻һ顣
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ײϴ̽嵹ûʲôؼǼϰһ£Ȼʹ
ۼٴһסڴ̽ϺݺһţٴηڰС
Ҳû׷ϣЦӴղŲͦôôЦ˰
ë񣬾ȻģҲˣȵȻ棬Ǿͺú棬ҰĻƲëιˣܱܲȵһֻ


862 ϴ
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һﶼǿҲʮ־ˣƬ̵ʱһ£һڣк˸һ
ۼȥ޷ȡʤͷųһ磬еԲˡȻ˲һ£Żһ£ͳԿˡ
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סϽԳŽҲѴ
Ȼ͵ĴѽסԽԽս
ë񣬿㻹ʲô£ҵøëˣٺٺ١
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ֻԼһѾͷһֻεסţͷĻһתһˤ˦˳ȥ
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Ӳĵ棡Ѿþûиоʲôζˣһأҵ˾ΥʹС
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ɲ˿Ĵ⣬ͨԵɳĵâֱͷնȥ
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ͨԵȻͷһץסͷȭǾһɾ޷һ
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˸֣׷׵˳ʮ
֪ǰͷԼƽ֣֮Ҳ˽һͨԵ
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863 һ
ͷձȻһͦıʱֱͦ
ɲǼ䣬ͷոޱȵӣϱ˶ذĴܣ

ͷһŭ˫һȻԼǰĿռ䲨նⲨĿռ䣬뵽֮һŬ޷ǰ
ࣣ
ͷ˫һ𣬿ռĲȻ󣬵鱻ռĲʱصǰ
ˣͷֵҲؽˣղŵһУһЦˣġ
ˣ֪ͷԷ飬Ǳ˵飬ͨԵָڡ
ͷʾԼȾƵĵطϯ£ԽЦС𰡣͸죬ǲšҿֻ㿪ЦҪϾϲĸ֣¾Ҫ⵽ˡ
𽲻˼ͷʱ̲סһۡ
ЦС𣬲˼ΪǰѿЦˣԽŻҲȥ
ͷЦóһƱȾơ
̸Уͷ֪Ŀģɵó˼˼䣬ŲԽĺ蹵а˫ԵĿռ䲻ԽҲԽռľ޴ͷû뵽֮˻ҪðΥ˼䡣
ʱȤʵǰΪʲô˵˫Խռһԭµأ
ͷЦɣ㿴Сܹɱе޵ġǰ͸׳ƳˡЩܱСɱǰ͸ֵһˡеıСɱ޲˾Ͳһ档ֻҪ룬ǲǿʱɱײأ
ͷ˼ʲôϵأ
ͷǺЦʵ̫ͬһռ䣬ôײĴھ޳ͷ֮գϲĴھԶԵײ㷢ʩԶȥʵǲشġ
Щˣǰ˼˵һռﲻʵ̫Ĳ֣
ԣʵ̫пܶ˵Ĵһ֮ͻɱ²Ĵڣ²Ĵڻֿġһռ񲻳ǿߵһ֮ԣǲȱġ
Ŷԭô˵˼ʵǰʵ޴Ĳֿˣάռĸǿߴһȶƺ״̬
ӿɽ̣һ
ͷ˵˵ţϻӿɾͳˡԭ֮䣬ڳǿһԼģһжȱ׼Ϊеġ
ΪԤ˼Ҵܣһǿļල߼ලһСͷһලߣֻҪ⽵˼䣬ͷܵɱȻҲҪġ
һͷֲͷôԭȻ縺ţְ
Ȼ뵽һ⣺ǰã֮˳ͬռѷʱ˼䣬ʱȫϳˡ
ǾͲܹܵˡΪҵļලִʱƵġһٸͬʱǼලߡʱڣҶԿεͬᣬȴְ֮ʱ䡣ҲǲܣûǸȨˡ
һû뵽鷢
ͷļ˵Ҳ;ƺõģʱ򣬼ල߽ӵʱ䣬ǰһͬʱнӡչ͸ñˡһأֱڻû˹֣ҾӦĳЩܵļ֮ˡ
еʧΪͷ֣èҲڻ£û뵽Ȼ޷һ㡣
ͷȻޱ˵ҲôɥЩ飬ڤڤעȻעлбؼһصһ顣ֻҪסһ޵Сȱммǣ
˵꣬ͷҲҪʻһ֣Ϸɵͷߣͷһ˽𽣬ֻһ⣬ͷգۼʧ
Žʧһʱ侹ȻЩˡعȴΧѾָԭӣ嶥ϰ¶ʯߵĲľ
ȻʧʱȻо춯Ĵ̽·һ㲻ϲ󺣵һ߹һ
󾪣ϽӴ̽Ϸɵɽ¡
̽µ龰оͷƤ顣
һˣӿʮɸߣһһºݺݳŴ̽塣ǵĺˮɫǺйЮе޶ʹúˮɫ
Щ޷·ܵĳִ̼ؽ˵ƴײ̽塣̽ӲͨԵ޷ӡǣЩһڴ̽ɽײһѻ
һʱͷԣЩԲ˰ɣԼײ̽壬ֵ˺ôô˵ǰѴ̽ײˣʲôأ
ȻЩĵͼ޵Ĳײ̽ȻһȻơӽ̽ʱоġ
ȻȻʡ
̽壬ʵռϵļලߵġһĸලߵʵͻɰٱɵ߾͸Ǹ¶ˡ
Щеͼײ̽壬пܾǰײüල޷ĸ
ǿɾͲЩͼ޵óˣ
һһķɹ󶪵˵ͼС
䡭
ɹЩͼзҵıըΪըľ޴ӿĺҲ˲١
˵ͷŷɹıըһЩͼû˾˵ĸһҲû˿ֲĳЩһϣһҲûУֻצ̽
һȡɽһҺ䣬ٵޱֱըǱڵըӳĻ
ͼĺһڻȥۿЩһĹˡȻں֮ϣðһԴ
һ壡û뵽Ⱥ
һǺ޵ĶڣЩһͨ岼ճҺɢһŻζԴϣ۾һͻģûбֻ׶ֽûָͷһ롣
Щһˮ߼ΪѸ٣գۼ͵˰ߣһ˰˴̽塣
Ъ˹һſ˴̽ɽϣԼɴ̽ɽ塣
ǡ
һ飬֣̽ӲɽҲںֲ±һɵ
һݱϾͻһſСȻÿɵЧ󣬵ܲס࣬Ƭ̵ʱ䣬̽ɽͱе˰磡
󾪣Ͻ˺ȺͨԵһâںȺ¡
ʱϴ̽ĺնϡ
ʣµĺһϳ˹ʱҲƽԼֶˣֻҪԼܹϵģҲ߶ʮһȫˡͨԵڣɹ󣬴еĹһʹó
أĹµֵסˡ
һǧɲǼ͵¾Ű٣ǰϳ壬Чȴǲһʱʬѳɽ
󣬺ͬʬ嶼ҪѺܴ£ۼڴˣȺû˺У˳


864 촽

һκ˹֮ϳһ޴СпٵתţλһִˮȽȽ
һƣֻˮ֮վһӰСĳصĺ
ʲôôе죿üͷһšգգ۾ǰͻأֵĺ
ģֻԴĺܣһŴϱ߲˺ɫĺۼϻһǳһĶ
࣬뿪ҾҪնɱ㣡΢ЩӲԴӺ³ǴĺɫͿϺϵأ˵ĸЦ
һЦ˵ʲô
⺣˼ΪԼ֣Ȼɵؿ˵࣬Ϊ촽Ϳ뿪ɡ
£Ҳ뿪˵һ˫ӽضνĺ촽
һֻеĺ촽㣬ԼŪ˸ͷδе̫Լ˰ɣ
ţʶȴһֱ̽ŶԷϢжź촽Ϊ촽ΪҲǲˣѾﵽԪӤڳڣǸոսԪӤڡ
⺣һѰ岻ֻͬҪˮĵطǵʵͻõлص
࣬촽˵΢ЩӲûЩ
˵ͷ˵ĿĿҲֻǱƻûʲô˵ġ
ǡȥɣ촽˫һɣۿӶˡ
顭
ԭƽתĺˮȻ䱩ĺˮţƺʾǿƥ
ˮ۳ΪһˮֻûΪһͷͷ촽ģצţֱ
һ˫۽ЩˮͨԵһᣬ赭дһֱӿ˳ȥ
꣡꣡꣡
ĺˮһնϣӰе
촽ƺһ㶼Ծֻ˫һһһִˮڿնӿתš
֪࣬ǿվҪģ촽дţѾԶ
̲סطһۣ⺣һӶʮֹŹֵ֣ţֵĸ߰·¾ΪţƣΪǿˡ
Ǿҿ㵽ʲô°ɣɣҪٷϻˣҵĶ䶼ҪˣķˣҶһ·ϵˣֻпôһǻϻʲô
촽ҽţѵһֻ¿Ľк
ûסҪЦۿŶԷѾðˣҲûڻϽ͡
ΰĺ֮ʰҽĨɱǰªɣҳϵˣúůѪҺ
촽һ˵ǲ⡣ղЩǿսһҲǲ˽ǵı£ûмк廹ֶΡ
ӣһʩչʱ䣬˽һԼĶҲǲġ
촽Ļո£͸оһʮص
ţ⺣һ徹Ȼһ˲䣬۾͵ɴˣ˼ؿź촽ʩչе
ԷķӦΪһǱԼŵˣʱЦޱȵ˵΢࣡ͶüĻ
ϻһ̧֣ĳôһ仰
ҭòĺ촽ǳ鴤ţŭһɤ֮˫ǰһķš
ſٵؾۼͣ˴ĺ֮󣬱Խˡ
ôᣡȷͣȻԼһ֮
ֻʹõ֮ڱ˶⺣һǿߺ촽ǽĳشڵűʵĲͬ
˵ԴıʲͬһĶ֮
֪⺣һʲôڣȻǿһݽںһĽܷǳ٣˽ľͲ࣬һҪ﷭˴ǿǶˡ
ʱķ˵һȻֱɢˡ
ɴ۾ʶһֱΧ鲼ţɲɵؾöԷķʩչʧˡ
ȻһССˮ֮УһģӰð˳
ǰ촽񻹱ԭƣ˫۾ؿǸӰӵĶΣر㽫ʶ˵Ļ
ӰӸˮĸоһģһڵϻţ˭ְᷢ̾ţǳֶ֮ˡ
һתƣȻһЦ˵ôķʧ㻹Ҫҵȶ˰
ǳӣÿһֶڴ̼Ը߰ĺ촽սǴ񾭡
ȥ촽ĶЩӲذֱ̧ŭ﷢
ʱǸģӰӶȻ٣ֱĺĶ
ٺһЦȵľڣ
ģӰҪ˲䣬һϢӰһ㶼ûж
Цһյվ˫ۿǰѾԼΪӰӡ
һ̲ˮ
һ̲ûκˮڱ֮󣬾ȻûճЧһɢΪˮ˳ŵˡ
⡭ı𣿡΢΢ҡͷиǴŲм
촽ɫ˲ܹˮƽĵλһζĿǲеġ෴ʮִÿһļ֮С
ֻǿȫԤϡ
촽ԲϤĵ˳֣ÿһζܹȡʤΪ˸޷˭뵽ǰ˵Ⱥʱ򣬱һѱĵأ
ܹܹ࣬һе˺ٺ٣ÿһ˶֪֡ڣְɣҳϣһֵ𾴵Ķ֣
ȴź촽񱬷ŭʱһﾹȻƽ˵ôһ
⡭ⲻڿЦɣ
ѵ˵һ˶񾭲Լ뷨ŪЦˡ
ˣ֣ƽһ׿ˮκεɫ
ˣ㡭ǵ۹Ǹһ촽һ㶣žȻǼޱȵ˵ôһ
˲䣬ɵˣΪ˺촽еŨŨ𾴺ͳݣ
εؿһͷ˵ǽҲ֪ǲ˵Ǹһ
ûӦûûʲôǿߣΨһһ촽Ƕʮ˽һ㣬ڶ
⻰ûа취ȷΨһһҲΨһһ
촽ȷ֮󣬾Ȼֵ˹ϸͲһ˿սϢ
ˣҲϵϢڴ߹һЦݵĺ촽
һﵽҪʲôѵˣ


865 
һ仰û˵һҲûУվԭأ񾭲һĺ촽
㲻֪жô㣬ҪĿˣ촽ͣǰһɴǺɫ촽ѿ¶ʮѿЦݡ
ңΪʲôһĿζÿŶԷ
촽һ·Ҫסζһ㣬ֿ˵²֪½ϵ߸ṩϢΪҿ˽һģƵƵҺҲȣΰҲһǿ
ˣһΪԼΪ࣬˳ųһ
ðɣǻ𣿡ʼνʵ
촽ԥһ£˼˵Һܳ㣬ҵѣҵĵˣκεĸı䡣
ȻأͨԵһ壬żʵ
㻹뿪ɣֻҪ뿪Ϳˡ촽һǿظôһ仰
һЦˣʵ̲סˡĻɺһǿǲǶһôͼô
ðɣǻǽŴɡҡҡͷɤ˵
һ﴿˷Ѵҵʱ䰡Ȼ˭޷˲ǻǽŴɡ
촽һֱһĿܣɴ۾˵İɣսҲֵġܹҵżսȤɱңҲûԹԣǣɱĻҶĳ羴᳹׵ʧ
⡭Դë
ҪˣⴿԴë
ҪʹɣƫƫԼŪôĹûʵɡ
ðɣʲô嶼У⣬⣡ظԼţŬѹеŭ
֮ǰһ˼ҵŭȴǳĻɽˡ
촽Խ˵Խ˷ܣɴӣ㵸˵İɱ㣬ҽĹͷĥװƷϣһһӼסģ
ҿ
̲סˣһֱӺӴ򣡱ϻ
ϣһץסͨԵһΣѾ˺촽ߡ
ͨԵӴٳʮڿлһߣֱӿ촽Ĳ
꣡
һն䣬һ˶Դڿն
ˣ϶ᣡһ㶣Ӽٺ󳷣ɲú촽ɵؾͱʰ
أ
ոճ鵶뿪Ǻ촽ͺȻѣһſˮΣײ
顭
ײˮζͨԵɵ
̫ʧˣ벻㾹ȻСˣҵżҳݵ˰촽³ˮ֮ϣŽѾ
Ȼ촽û뵽ͻȻ֣Ĺ֮УǲΪԼ˵˼ӵĻֱӶԼֵġ
ϧͲ֪Լ˵ĻĶǶôܣôҪ
ұ죡Ҫ򣬲Ҫϻһֱӳȥֻź촽˼ɹ
䣡
ɹ񱩵ֱӳɢˮ촽֮µˮγɣȵ
ҶʧˣûòļһȻֱӶҳ֣ҿʮֳİ촽ٴοڣ˵ȴüͷֱ޲һ쵰Ļ
һΣѧˣ㲻ϲϻ;˵ɣֻҪԴĲͿˡ
ಡ
֣Ҳֻǲϵضȥɹ󣬰ﻹں촽Χһ󷨻㣬ȴźʵʱ
⺣һʵǿǵ֮ǳǿټкΪУǵ޾ģ
Ҫ˵ĵϸ˳㿴ûĺܳһ촽񻹲ġ
¡¡ıըϣһĶţ촽ǲϵԾţˮ֮һˮϣִ˲ƣһӡ
֮ɹûʲôЧֻҪ촽뿪ˮûʲôõֵĻᡣ
ȻôʰǾͲҪҲˣ˭ˣһ䣬˫ǰ֮ǰһ󷨻˶
õ󷨻ǳ࣬Ѿ촽װΧ
ҪֻѡеһЩγ󷨣ֻҪԸȫγɼص󷨣׼ź촽Ӳȥ
𣿿ӣһǿɣҳݵˣ촽һ㵣ǵģûУȻͬһС㣬ţţš
һ仰Ҳ˵ˣĻϻӣҪһӻӣ˾Ͳøɱˡ
촽˫й⣬޲󷨵Чʶʶ
𣡡ؿڣпһ˿һı顣
ˡ
͵زһ£һ󷨻ֿٵתʧ֮С
󷨣Ĵڶȷģǿͻ֪ҪʱͶԻϧ촽û˿ֻǵ۾ţ֪ǶԼֵţǸͲ֪ȥ
ˢˢˢ
ɣ
ٵƶ֮ڲͣر任λãԲ׽ڡ
ɣ˵򵥵󷨶޷ƽĻҶֵʸûУ
ڣˣһ˵ĺܡ
촽ɫһΪ˵˸ˣֻҪں֮ϣұ޾󷨸޷ң
ϵô˵һЦƤ˵Ŷ㿴أ
˫һ̧Žһ㾹Ȼ󷨻
⡭촽еɵˣܵĲ˲ͷĵط
չ˹ǿĹصػϣȴ޷ãֻܹһ
ʱѾЩγһµ󷨡
Ŀܼ򵥣㲻кˮ޵Ҿ͸һûкˮĻҿ㻹ܹţƵʲôʱ

ˮ˳ȥֻʣº촽ΧһЩˮ
ɣ벻㾹Ȼ˵ıɣǶʧˣ㾹ȻԴĳߡ촽Ļ˵ĻȻЦá
갡ս㾹Ȼ˵ʲôߣѵ˵ҾˣΪʲô·
˵ɣüͷһšֱӲӵؿ˵
ãã̫СˣζԸ㣡촽һҧİɫ˲䱻ɫסˡ
顭
ˮٴ𣬺촽߾Ȼһˮð˳
üһȻֶΣһ壬ȻͬСɣ̲ס̾һ䣬Щˮں촽Ľ£Ծұӡ


866 
ô˰ɣɣҡ촽񿴵ıʱ˾۵Ҫһƪۡ
ϻ࣡ٴһˮ£ֱӴ߶
֮˲䱩ǿתͬһѰѷļ⵶иź촽Χ
촽ɫһӣĺˮһĶŭˡ
ͣͣ
ˮײţÿһײ̶
һ棬ͺ촽ƽ״̬˭û׬ˣ˭Ҳ˭ûа취
㻹ץİɣҪȻҿҪȥŶ촽ͣٺЦ˵Ӧþ㱾˰ɣİȫб֤
Цһ˫ⵯ䣬һ⻪˸Ȼ˲ͽɹ뵽֮У
촽ɫͱˣ֮ǰǼʶ˷ɹխĿռ֮ڣ޴ܡ
ұ䣬΢΢ſ³֡
䡭
һıը֮Уˮҷ䲻Ϣ
ȵըͣϢһƣʱˡ
촽ѾһƬˮֱӱըɢˣڸµ֮±ˮûа취
Ҫˮĵط޵еģһа취ʰ㣡˵ϬͬһѴ۵ĵ档
촽ͷ촽ͷ˵˵ûдˮҵȷû㲻ҪˣˮҲˮ
ء
̶ķֻǻûȴˮȻں촽ĿͬˮһĻ
һСĸչһˮķˡ̾Ϣһ촽ҲǼߣȻӶŪˡ
΢˶٣촽һ³˲ٵĺˮ˵ǵʱޣǻǾɡ
࣡࣡࣡
죬ֻ촽µĺˮͬһ㣬ʼҵķš
֮ʣһۣƣ촽Ŀׯ֮ǰģֱˡ
ЩðݵĺˮһӶֱӽˡ
ʶдһ󲨶ܵѹڼٵò˶ʱͻᱻƣ
ҪҵûôףЦһ˫һѹѾһ󷨾Ȼֱȥ
ˣ촽ɫһ䣬û뵽ǿֶΡ
ĿԽ촽֣ص˵شһܰɣ
ٷϻٶȣһԸһ̸
촽һͬˮһ㣬嶼ࡣ
촽һǴӺϳһ
ɴ۾Ĳ˼飬ؿˣһǣ
ǹŰɣ촽ϧؿеĹǹޱȵ˵
ǹ֣촽϶ʱһɼΪϢͬǸոճһ㡣

ǹͬһ㱻촽ˣŪķ
аЦҪס촽뷨վҪˡ
Ǵ̣޼᲻ݣ촽һǹȻֱ㶵ǰ̳ƥǹ⴦˸Ŵ۵Ľɫ⻪
꣡
Ĵ͸𣬽ǹɵر㽫͸ˡ
ǹԵ̾һ䣬ɺϵĹɵͼޱȣټɱʹãȻȫķӳ
⻹Ҫҵ㻹Ŭһ㡣һЦ˫һϣΧһ㽫ƿֲ֮ˡ
촽¶һĨȣ漴ǻһ˿
˫ŽǹϵǰɱţͱһĿ
ƣʮǿ촽ĹжǿȻÿһζܹϱͱһۣ
ˢˢˢ
꣡꣡꣡
Ȼ֮䣬촽ǹٶȱüΪݣǹֱӳһƬǹӰͬһִĳǹ
ƣ촽һǰͱһͨĶڡ
ˢһӣ촽ɵش˳ˣѾĿơ
ʱŽȱֲϡ
νʼ촽ǹ죬Ҳ㹻üٵĽûʱ޲󷨡
žžž
ƣ͵˵ַܹ󷨵˻ǲ࣬ǵһɣ
һߣ͸߹㣬ҲôöԸģ촽˵Լ°͸߸̧𣬷·ѾӮսʤһ
һ̣촽ɫһ죬Ȼֱſ³һ̲Һ塣
촽ʹ࣬˼֮󣬲Ŵ˵㹻ݣ
⡭
ɵˣʲô鶼ûˣôͺȻ˺ˣ
ܿˣǶȻٵǹӰ϶ĳط촽ʩչ֮϶ҪܵӰģҪȻǳ˰èƵˣ
ǺǣҿûݣΪ˳Բе鶼ˣˣԼҵĶ𣿡ǺЦ˵һӢдŵĶζ
촽Ǹ˼ļһԲûôֻϷŪ˶ѡ
ҲҸشһ촽Ҳ֪ԼĿǰʽȻֱӿԼսˡ
˭룬ֱҡҡͷϿҵ˵ҿǲ˰ɣսսӮ˾ͿԣûбҪںʲôӵֶΡ
ߣҿˣû뵽ıСˣ촽˵ĳһ㶼ٵģԼĿеǸǺϡ
ˣһԴ϶ľİȻ˵Ĳϡ
ܿܣϻ˵ɣǿⳡսһһһĿнɫ⻪ͬһͷʨոմӳ˯
ããã촽˵֣ÿһֶҧгݵء˵֣촽ǿ˵һжҵģֻһʱѣ棬ǾͲܹˣ
һЦƣ˵ãܺãҪЧǻѾֳʤ˰ɣ˾ǵˣڴ֮ǰվǵˣ
촽һ۸˵е㷢ɣɢŨս֮һͦǹһᣬޱȵ˵Ǿɣɱɱɱ
Ҫ׼֣ȴǷΧĺˮ֮ðԴ
ɱɱɱ
ɱɱɱ

ԽԽĺð˳Ŵͣ뻮һ
ɱֱأ
ԭҲɵ֪˺սԸңɬЦһ֮ǰĺû쵼ָӣ޷γЧս
촽ָӣսǳֱ


867 
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촽ɫأнǹֱָź棬¸󷨣γһ޴ĺˮС
ţݺ裡
ţݺ裡
𣬴֮һˮÿһˮ֮϶վһϢʮǿĺ֡
ϸؿţһһٰʮˮ֣Ҳ˵һٰʮ۷ĺ֣
ǰɣôеװ̲סصһ⺣һʵͼΪǿټкˮΪУҪʰ촽Ҫ˷Ѳٵʱ䣬οֶһٰʮ۷壬൱ԪӤڳڵĺ֣
촽˪촽¶ڵļ˵ҵģҲ뽫նɱȴ֪ϧ
ţлл㰡ллһᣡһ֣ƤЦ˵
һûʲôڣҲԲɺϣ϶յ֮˵ָʾ
ϰߣܹҹϵתΪѵǲֵֵ̫ġ
ִԲǾһҺŵǿɣ촽߸ϣ·һ
żͨԵԶߣתţһֻĳ
뺣һûʲôޣҵǺⳤʶ
Ǿɣ촽һнǹһӣ﷢һŹֵ

һ̣ͷˣ񱩵ĺŭţţȻվˮ֮ϾͲٿӴͬһĺˮȥ
Ȼվţһ˫Ӿ

ֱͨأǵضԴ˹
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ÿһκ˵ػǾڶը죬Ŵضš
촽߸ϵĿţ˷ܣ֪֮Уг˸ļ֮⣬ûܹںһٰʮֲٿصĺ˳µ⡣
͸߹ˣҪǰװô㻹װ촽ЦţƺѾ϶Ĩɱˡ
ˣˣǿǸʲôģɡ촽˵һ˫ѾѪ
һٰʮְֹͣ˹ˮٵػ˴֮У¶ѾݲеòҲ̶õĺ̲
ˮȥ¶ﾰʱ򣬺촽ɵˡ
ϵЦݻţ沿ıȴֱӽӲˡ
⡭ôܣͲܣ촽غţͬһֻβ͵ĺӡ
ʱ˿̣վԭأȻǱżȻǳЦ
촽֪߸ˣһĳǿǶһٰʮ˵ĳ֮ôģ
ôǲǺܳԾһЦе˵ԽԽú촽ǸȤļһˣû¶ҲǸȤ顣
ٵؽ촽ܣȻֱƻ̽壬ֹ֮˵Ľ١
ڼʶ˺һŵʵ֮ı⡣
һ崫Ǻٻ½ϱ¶棬ûĹҷսսҲ֮սںһʵʮС
Ҳ˵ɲĺ֮£ųǿĴڣ֮ȥ
ϾһѰͬǵʵҪ෽ۺϿǣǽΪĵȼƵѹǻжô£
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˵ˣҪ촽ȥһֱ֮˽֮ǰҸƻ˽٣
㵽ôģ촽̲סˣŴͣüͷȴǽš
ʵǸ㲻ΪκǶ޷ܵһٰʮ˳ܹƽ⣡
ûʲôֻվŶѡƽ˵ʲôһ㣬ֿڵŶΪ󷨰ɡ
󷨡
촽ֻԼһĳ鴤ţôأ󷨵̹ˣΧһ󷨣һٰʮ˳ȷûа취ˡ
˵ܸ̼ܲģЩһ㣬ؾһ㶼Ȳϰڴ̼ţԺٲ˻ٴοսʱ᲻뺣һս˵˽һЩվûдġ
ĵģ촽Ȼûзֱӿߴ˵һͨԡ
𣡺
ʱһٰʮŭżΪĴ͸
֮ں촽վ󣬺޾ĺˣ
һƣǺˮ֮оȻ޾ĺһսʿ
üһ˺սǲе̫ˣĵǺ۸ģһŭɫ˲ͳ
գգ۾֪ԼԸôľӿ϶ʵҲҪҰֵġ
Ǹħ֣͸͸ɣʶϵħϵһѾóʱ䶼ûжˡ
û˻ش𣡣
ɫһ䣬Ϊˬ˵ҪҴߣ
ѽᣬ˯˯ǵҳʲôһ壬ͶʰˣħȻһжʮֻǷԸæˡ
һ˵ôѵ뿴ұնɱ
㲻ڿЦɣ˵мܹնɱ㣿иֹ㣬򲻹ҲӵĹɣǵҸ㵱ѴֲɣħӴð˳Ƶĸ첲ϡ
ˣץʱɣô˻ʪվǲġе㲻ͷ˵˵ֱӽħ˳ȥ
ӣħǲˬˣǿߣȻֻһ˳ȥӸȥţѪʵǿˡ
Цһħϸڿһ٣žǺһӾͱ˳

һص
ħչ죬ƥ
ӴͷǺâצӣÿһչʾеǿ

ħһŭֱӴﵽ۷塣
ʱ򣬺ХĺӲͣ˰գຣսʿΪͻȻ״վȣ׷ײһ
⡭Ǻ촽ɴ۾˼ؿǰͻأֵĺ
ħһͽԴת˹ݺݵضź촽ħ粻ٹҪ˯


868 
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ǿǴ˵еĴڰ
ħԼһɤӾȻûֱӺ˵ˣʱŭɤһ
ںϴţԭͲβϢĺˮʱøӷˡ
ҹħٴοڣ˶ſ
촽Żع˵𾴵ħˣҺһһֱѺùϵֻڲ뿪
ħ۾һξ˺촽ߣ˵ôǵӵĻԸˣ
⻰һ촽ӲѣѾܵ˴ħɢǿϢˡ

ںһ˵ԿϢ
һ֮Ĺϵʮֽһеǿ߻϶һЩѪģΪһ޽֮塣
ԣħ˵Ǻһӣ⻰Ҳûй
ֻǿϧѾǰˣʱݺأ裬ִţߡ
ڲͬˣʽ΢һ֮ϵͶˣҪȻҲ˵ħǴ˵вŻֵĴڡ
ħˣѾ֮ǰ飬ĺһǿĺܣѾūˣ촽ؿھҵţһ˼붷֮󣬾Ȼֱ㶵˵˳
⡭
ħı齩Ӳˣ֪ԼӦǺˣ촽˵ûдڲˣѾͳΡħⲻǲԼ

ħŭһɤӺ˳ǿֱӽ촽˳ȥ
һֱ˺Զ֮󣬺촽ͣӣ䵽һˮ֮ϡ
ףһǺħŹطɳȥôԶͣġ
𾴵ħˣһѾĸ壬ūˣǵɣǿǣǽΪɶս촽Դǵ˵ģ֮ǰĲǴһ˵˵ġ
ʱˣħ˵ħ㿴˰ɣҾ˵ǲ
ߣ£ħĻˣôУҲһССܹġ
Ϊ棬ΪħԼӣҪһ
ãܺãȻѾԼ˭Ҿ¼ǵãħЦһһɫ
һƬֱӽˮɵĨɱǧĺսʿ
⻹񫣬ħһתƣͶţƺһٰʮ֡
֮ϣЩܹģȥɣħһֱǴƬ䡣
ҪħĿЩֵʱѾǸ

һƬҽУһٰʮ˲˻ҽЩûȼϵںˮϱ߷ţֱӰѺˮ
ߣ£ħ̾߸ͷ­Ǹ߰
촽һʱɵˣûмǿֻںĵ伮мһЩأЩȫ棬Ǳ˵˵
ڣڼʶ˴˵еһ磬ǧٸֻΪҽĳ档
ֻⳡ̫б̫Ѫȣ
㡭㾹ȻɱҺǿߣ촽ɫΪͨ죬·һֻպ˵
ħһǲм˵ɱ˾ɱˣţ
ǿǵضֱѹź촽Ҫ¹
촽ţŬؼţǲ¹
üͷһšڿѾûкͽİ취ˡϾħһ־˼ǧʿٵĸ֡
Һһ壬ūɱˣұҪ촽ҽţﾹȻ˵ⷬ

ħ˲ͱŭˣֶ˵Īĳ裬¶Уǧ˵֣ľһѣ

ؼħŭ֮»һɫӰӣˢһӾͳ˺촽ǰһצץֱӽؿڸץˡ
ҪǺ촽ķӦ㹻죬צ֮ǰǽǹһѾء
ɱɱɱ촽ӿٺţǷһ
һ̣·ڿ־бŭ˵ĺһ峹ױˡ
ÿһǿѹϵسţħӴͷԼ΢Ĺ
һ䵽ħϣ˵ĹôһħǿĴڶԿġ
ǾȫȥɣħŭһŤֱźȥҪЩҴĺȫնɱ
ɱɱɱ
һʱ䣬󺣱Ѫȵĺ󣬴ʬƯں֮ϡ
ص̾ϢһȻ÷ųħһ޴Ĵ
ϧѾɣٶ˵ʲôҲûˡ
촽ȥ𣿴ȥɣҪνˣĵؿ˵ź촽Ҫʧ
˭룬촽Ѿ˼ı仯ƺǱղŵѪҺ̼ˡ
촽ҵĲţһɫѪҺ˿ڴʼţؽ嶼
ͣûУüͷһšȻӴࡣ
ħΪǺնɱǧٸսʿ֮ųһڿն𣬽Ŀⶢס˺촽Ҫúõؽһ۵Ķ
ôˣħûмʵ
ҡҡͷ϶Ǻ촽ĳֱ仯ܹ֮սֱͬΣҲС
ܲɱͲҪɱɣ˵Ѿ޶ȵòˡ
໡
ģһ̬ŭԴȪǺ촽
ʱ˿̣촽ѾѪɫͬû˹ͷһ㣬ֻ˶۾˶Ķħ
ιлҪ˵˻֣Ҫûнء
˭룬촽Ȼֱú˻һ˳˹
Ǻôĵӣʰ㣡ħﻹͣƢͲʲôöԴϿһʺȻҪúóġ
ʱҪѾˣֻεؿЦ
鷢չ̫죬ʲôľЩͬ˵ĺΪħһѹ
һΣͨԵֿȭضЩڿնĺսʿȥĿĺܼ򵥣ֻҪѺսʿȥС
ħһ㶼ģħǿʵͲʲôǺһҲǰѶԷĸ仨ˮ
ɵؾˣһ赲źսʿһ߹۲ħ촽ս
ʩչĳط֮󣬺촽սļΪǿѾ쵽ԪӤ۷ˡ⻹ħĶ֣ħֻϷˣԷ
飡
νԺ󣬺촽϶͸Ķ
촽ɫԽˣڵشϢ֮󣬾Ȼһҧں
֮ʣ񸫣ٵأ


869 
񸫣
ħɫͬʱһ䣬ͣеĶ
񸫣ôܻħɳƵغֶ˵һ裡
Ѱ˰Ҷ˵񸫵ǾʲôأͲ֪ˡ˵ⶫʷҪá
Ϊ񸫵ĴڣúһͳΣΪ嫴󺣵İ
Ǳҵģ촽ѵſͣ³һ仰û˵һ֣³Ѫ
Ѫں촽ţĽ£µˮȾˡ
ˡ
ѪҺӣ󺣾ҵĲ·ʲôȻѡ
һɾ˵ϢӺڿնֱӽˮиΪ롣

һɫӰӻա
⣡ȻǺ񸫣ħЩˣζû뵽񸫵Ӱ
Ĭˣͷųʶ̽ź񸫣ʶոտʱ򣬾ͱ񸫸ˡ
񸫣˵еϹһǿڵĴ˵һֱţյ˵Ͳܻ硣
񸫵δĽ뿪ڶγںأ
̫£̫ӣ벻͸
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ģһɸǿԵϢˣ
ˣ
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˭ħ־ŭغдһɲ
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ħ໽ɤӣŭ֮Ҫȥսһ
ʱֹҪżȿ˵
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ϧվûжеڵϹ
أ촽ʧˣٴοڵʱ򣬾ȻǹĲϵ
ţһ巢չĲٴܹҵ壬Ҳǲˡ촽ٴοڣֻѾһˡ
˭ʵѾ촽ϢˣһѾˡ
ɭȻЦ𣬺촽漡⿪ʼϵŤ䶯ȻһȫɫƤӡ
ҵֽأСӦ֪ҵɣغٺЦ˵ƤȴûһĶ
֣ħӺݺݵһǲ˼ֱӱΣϥأ˵ħݼ棡
ȡ棿
꣬⵽ʲô
˲ˣԼõϢֻǱģػ̫̫డ
ħͷһֱۣӽһμ䴫ݵԴߣ֪ǰ˵ʲôͷ
أϹ۷ǿ֮һ⺣񸫵ĶߣսĺĲս
ںֵµǿ߲һ񸫸˺ѪҺ
ֻǺһʣ⺣ʧ뿪塣ֱ֮׷ɱ
ĺԴ䣬ΪһɱĴڣǿ߶סٴͬھ²Žնɱ
ϧֱ֪⺣ظû𻵣ǿȴǽ뵽֮У
ƾź񸫵Ĳƻһֱţ˺һ롣

ٵ˺صһ̲ס̾Ϣһ֪Ѿָħˡ
ħԼȣͷ᲻
ǰһɤӣ˵ǰˣ
֪飬С޵ԴϢغٺһЦ˫۵Ѫ֮͸¶һĨ̡
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Ǵģ԰ɣûдȻֱӿ˵ôһ仰
гԾȴûбֳʲôҲشóĬӦԡ
ƺϵķӦͷ˵ĹϵܺãҲΪ㡣һ罵ٵ㻹߰ɡ
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΢΢ҡͷɬ˵Ȼǰ֪ǾҲ뿪ˡ
ţãԸһصΨһ·Ҫ𣿾ƾʵüͷһͷһۿһۡ
Ϊ壬ֻǰҪȥ磬ǿ԰㣡ʵʵ˵ִܲϹűһֱڵĴܽ־ͲҪ֣
һȻ϶ǲֶλȥ磬ںֻҪǰһ·
ǰ֤һʱ֮һ𷵻磡Ͽҵ˵ѾǴ̽ϱдˡ
˭룬⺣ؾȻҲƳһ۴̽壬һĭ˵ȣҿûȤȣò˶ʱ䣬ҾͿ뿪ˡ
ǰֻ̽ߣǲܻȥġһںƵ
ٺ١
Ц𣬺м˵ֻҪͨûʲôܹסң
ǡû̸ˣɫһҲñѾ⺣ӣȻԷӣǻϻʲô
ϣСƢǲСȻôҾɱ˵ѪҺҲζţصϬĺܣֱӴ͸壬֮еľѪ
̰촽غٺЦţĿתƵħϡ
СȥɱˣҿԴ뿪ؿ˵Ȼָʾħȥɱ
ʱ۾һȻ뵽һֿܡҲû˵Ҳ뿴ħȥ
ħĬţ֮󣬾Ȼֱվӣһص˵棬ˡħ
ţ
ص۾һɣǸովħ˲ſ
ħһ뿪ģħҧ˵嶼Ҫˡ
һϵϢȻÿֱѹħ³һѪ
̫˵һѾħǰ
һ˲䣬ѹħϵϢѾסˣħָɡ
߰ɣͽˣ˵֮ضš
ħɫѿسͷӻһ̣ʧϡ
ʱŽĿ䵽˺صϣ˵أҾǸǰӣû뵽㲻ҪҾֻ㵽жôǿˣ
ôͻȻתúһ㶣ݺô꣬ûΡ
֪ѾȷĳЩ飬ֻڶĲ
Ӯˣһж˵
һˣǵȴĽսᣡ


870 һǣ

Ц·һΪЦЦһ㡣
ƾ㣿һС㣬ҪұȻȻЦˣЦ⣬˵ôһ仰ֻǻ˵ǴЦ
νЦЦ˵Ҫ㹻ǿҲħɱˣ㶯ָͷܹնɱ𣿡
һ˲䣬ؾͱסˣ˵ʵ֮Եڶûж֣֮ǰ뿪ȫΪûȫ
ÿһѶҪһµΪأһεĺ촽뺣һסҪȻƾ촽ǵΪ͵λͲʸ񿴵񸫣
ô˵ˣʹ𣿡ЦԽˣѾȷһûôǿ
˵ˣǿΣʲôʱ¹
ؽ˫һţԴ˹˵ʲôʱôһ˲ţ
˵˫۽ضźأˣʲôС
ϾӦľǱź񸫣һҿֱӽ
ԣ
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꣡꣡
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СӣǿغȻ˵֮ͱͣű۾
㲻һҪʲôֻСĽ䱸ţɲõ϶ûɱС

ԭƽ˵ĺ棬ٴЩѾ˿˵ĺսʿĳصǣ֮£½Χ
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µĺ֮ϣȻһ屬˿һѪɫĻ䣡
㣡ŭͦϡ
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ϧ˫һ̧ˮڿնӵ˺صߡ
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ʱѾ˺صߣͨԵ뺣ڲţǿ壬뺣ս
ռ˺壬֮ѾӵһЩѪ໹ڲϵ
ߣͼѪȻϷǰŪһı渡ֳһƬƬۣͷϸǳһǡ
䣡Ҳֱʩչ䣬ͬȫװ
žžž
飡
ȭӣ˴˶ƾǿӲӲײš
Ƥϴݷ飬ȴ·ûиоһ㣬Ȼһһµ
Сӣ򲻹ҵģЩѪĲ䣬һøǿ󣡡ص˵ĹһЩ𣬿ЩѪĲ䣬Ͳõôࡣ
һ仰Ҳ˵ע⵽һˣһֱѰһᣬһܹһնɱĻᣡ
أϵ˺۶ǿҲסͬȼǿߵĿը
ģһո뺣ײһº󣬿ԼͨԵٻ˻
һյźؾһ
û뵽ôһУԾ֮ٵѾˡ
ҪܣȴûжܵĿռ䣬Ѿεؽס
֮£ֻסĵâˡ
ǻصͺһ۴ִһĶۡ
˫һдܣ
˵һӣͨԵĵһɫ⻪סˣ޵Ϣ˲˺ء
⡭ʲôشʧɫϧʲôѾˡ
꣡
ܸ˵ͨԵݺݵ£ֱӽصĸ첲ϣؿĲ
ؼѵƶһ磬ܿ˲Ҫ
꣡
ڶһ˫Чֱӿصİӣ
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Ҫɱ㣡ģ˲䱩ŭ֮ǺѾߡ
طĹ˼£ź˼
Ϊһ񹥻ʱ򣬺ؾȻһ٣һһǣҵţ
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زһǿᵽԿס
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֪˶ãֻˮĹⲨ˸УȻһĿİ׹⡣
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أգ׻֪ʲôΣ֮أԿ϶ǾԲʲôõط
ܻ谵ޱȣΨͷϷеĹâ
̧ͷһһͷǲ֪ĺˮӿԼͷͺˮ֮䣬Ȼмʮɸߵˮռ䣡
ģܹ洫ˮЩˮ޷
֮˺ܿҪں߽٣Լܼʱ֣ǲġ
ʱżǽκġŬԼ侲˼Ÿȥ
Ҳ֪ʲôδ֪鷢ֱЧ·Ǵͷϵĺˮ档ֻҪ˺棬ܷУܹʱϻصߡ
뵽һԾӯض˿ͺˮĵط
ֽ㣬ûʲôǿķֽ෴ģо˺ˮļѹ
Ҫϲĺˮмʱ򣬽㴦ĺˮٺӿҲźƶʹõȫӿĺˮı˷
ôֻƶ޷ϲĺˮС
ŬһϼͨԵһԡ
ͨԵЧ㲻һâȥ㴦ĺˮͱһˮۣ˲䵶âˮ۾ͱӿĺˮϣͨԵһ޷һͨ
ɹڡ
Լܹ뵽ķȫˣɲ㴦ĺˮһ󲨶޸бĵط
ڰ죬۵ùǺȴһҲûнչ
ҪϢһµʱ򣬿յĿռһԲϵ
˷ʮ룬بͽݡֱ޻·ǿ߿̾Ϣ
˭˭˵ʱ񾭣䱸˵ûǰָһԽ򣬵ȥԵر
ǺǺǺǡһЦһ˫ʮޱȵٸģ˳ǰ
ÿС簡ôã㻹ųȥʲôǺúˣˣȥҲȥˡ
˵ţٸˮΣа׵ָŪǰǸĴþŪǰ
ѪŵĻ棡
ٸ˽ˣ¶ߵӣܹ˰ѺͿе׵ġ
˭֪Բˬòȴɽӵһ
ȭΪڣһȭֻԿɽʯͨ߹ǶϽۡ
ٸȻûκεķӦ㲻ҲУƾһȭԼϡ

ٸӰˮһɢȭ
úĵ˰ٸߣؿ˼Ҷôãѵ˼ҵô
˵ţٸСһƺҪԵϡ
ˣһΪҪҲڿĶҺá֪ʿһ۾ͷ·ޱȵҸС㣬ٿһۺòãȻޱ˵òĻ
ٸһתͷ۾г޾İԹ֪ĺôûĵģ㡭
ٸйȵʱͻȻ˫һɲ⣬Ҫ˫ۣѾǲܵˡ
ǿʶ˲ͨٸ˫۽뵽ʶʶУһʧط֣ٸʶֻйȼĳƬλһʶǣֻһƵĿܰˡ
ʧ֮࣬ջʶٸ˲仯һ̲ˮˮзĹâٸһ˿ʶ̼ʧˡ
Сޣû뵽豽еһƴ
ǸϵֻȴǼκεӰ
Ȼ˵ˣβһǰҲݺһĴܣôģһ˵ţһͷųʶҪ̽Ƿ
ˣҪܱ㷢֣ͳ豽ĿˡǸгį
㲻û¸˵ɣЦ
ȻˣСûôõ֣Ϸø˵ءǰɣôˣǸϵ˵õǳϿңȴǳ˽թζ
֮֮
ϴ˵ͰԼ˵˳ԼҪȥҲûʲôģ˵̽һ°˵ϼһ˵׳һЩ
ǸĬ˰˵ȣû뵽羹ȻôţΪиҸаΪϷģпܻɹǣϧˣ˷ʮ룬ȡ
֪ǸϾҪ˵ˡ˽䱸ļƣȻվǱĵķ֮ĲУ֮ĲǷ֮ĺ׼ĵ
Ǹ̺ѶϢޱȡ
˷ʮʵϹʱһż
Ǹ߸ĸԭ˼ϹʱڣʵϲһμģкܴĿռѷͨ硣
ռѷ죬ڰ˷ʮϷ
Ϊͨѷ죬֮˺糣֮˵ʵͨΪΪѪɱ
ͬ飬綥֣ڰ˷ʮչ˶֮˵Ĳɱ
֮ȻʵҲܲסڶֵϡһʱ䣬֮ڰ˷ʮ˴
˵֮ȣ棬סּ뵽սŵС
һ˰˷ʮر飬ĸԭһ뵽˵ƽ£ˮ࣬γ˽
Ϊ˫ʧض֣ʹ˼ʹñô˫ɳܣԭͨĿռѷ޲ãһϸСѷ죬ֻڹ̶ʱ俪š
ѷ죬ΪϾҪ磬о߿磬ҲҪһЩ˵硣
Ϊ˼ලһУ˫Լû˷ʮĺලߣͬʱͬƳܹռĴ̽壬ЭලִԼڵִ
˷ʮԭӦգеİһ巢طɾӣú񸫵֮һĿռ䣬ԶԸԼԸ˵ˡ
üͷȻʵǰԴ֪֮һʣһôߵǻۣô
ߣһǲ˵㣬ˣܸ͸Ƶģô
ɵõһܣǸʲô
ߣΪ֮˾ǲʳ˼ĴڡֻҪˣʵԶֹܹѹסԼʥˣ㻹ָЩһܹô


872 ʫ
һ㣬ǲòϵġ
˵ԼΪͳһǵ۹͸һǧ˵Ϊ˸ĸҲУ̣ô޷ƽġ
￪ð˷ʮ룬ʲôأǺװԺ߻кϿջʲôӰأ
ǸȻҵù͵ùҪϣʵϣҲǼලߣ˵ǸŽСӵһΡҾ۲죬쵽ԣڽ֮󣬾Ĳã˭֪ط
üһͷȻСӣ
֪޾ǰĳߣһޱţĳǿڣ
Ȼ뵽һ⣬
ܹලߣϼһʵ϶ͷţǿ߶֪ǶôֲڵѾܴܲȥҪʱ䰡
˼ʱǸȻ
˵ҵʱ²ˡҸһЩ飬ܹа
λùμලߣһҪ̽û뵽ݽΪ˲ϹʱڳǿߣܹӴЩǿµļƬΡ
˵ùļһﻹ٩һǸٸʵϹʱʴƾž˫֪˶ٶǿߵҪǾ޾£ʴΪֱ豽ûƳɻǿܣҲҪˡ
٩ùļһԼľ
ͨǿߵļƬ˽뷽跨Ҫȥû뵽ָֻ㺣һ壬壬ÿһ
⺣ΪʵҲǽ۷ʵںУںˮİæܹԽԿ½ʵԶԼߡҪǣÿܸһܣЩһѱԸˡ
豾ذ˷ʮĵһ
ǿʶܰһЩϹǿߵĻɿܣ֪ж
ùļһﻹûȵһ壬ͽĳǿߵĻǿܡ񶷣ùļһɵ˲ٿܣԼҲˣ屻٣ֻʣ»ε豼׷٣ĻԽԽСѾ;ƿݵĵز
ۣǰţղ˵˲ٵĿܸ֣ʴҲһˣ֮Ӧжεسսɡ
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ǰǰǶˡܸܲҽôʴΪģѧϰһ³ô
סڣСС;ͲѧãӶʲô¯ӰҺķʴΪԲġȣҲɣ˵ˣ²ףҾ͸ؼĵطɡ
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ϼһʵΪල׼壬Ҫ֮˻вɸ˵ĿĽʱ򣬼ලһϰ
Ǽලд̽ĸ罵ٵҪļලأҪĹؿԲŻ壬ල߹סʵԼĿˡ
Ȼ䵽
Цһʵǰûȥİ취
УǾһֱǰ壬˰˷ʮ룬ܹȥˡ
һ˵ЩɧȴǰԶһ⻪֡
ڹ⻪֮УһƳ׵߸С
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֪ϼһĻعⷵգϾҪɢˡ
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ʱκεİοﶼûˣܹԷʵδ˵Ըһʵʵڵľ޴ο
ϷȻ˼ලߣҪල粻֮¡Ļϲ֮ܣƤ飬һ̽ҲְڣصĲñҷָ֣ܹһҲڤڤеĶϷְأҲź
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ҲģֻҪܴ˷ʮ룬赲ĳЩܵҰģǶõİο¸ҵ㡣ֿŰǰڴѪӦò¸ߵѪȥսùĻ֣
˵꣬˵Ӱջ΢磬ɢڻ谵ĿС
ᣬʧĵطڲϧָ𣬺ƽˣϧԼֿľġ
˷ʮ룬بͽݡֱ޻·ǿ߿̾Ϣ
ĬĬߵʫ䣬ЦһͨԵʫڵϣ䣺Դһг
˷ʮ룬ʵϲûд۸ӵԹơֻҪͷǰߣܵ
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ΪǴǰߡ
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ֲࣣȭӭ͵Ϯľ磬ڿɢһһ͵Ϯˡ
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һŭžžžȭȭ󴸻÷飬һȭҲûһ̲ˮ
ЩϹʱڵǿ߻ǿܣƺúˮ۳壬һǵסЩܵķһġ
뵽ЩпΪѪǰз󲻰û취Ҫ봳˷ʮ룬ǱҪЩܸɵġ
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־ץסǣҪȴӴ洫Եĸо
缼ܣ
˲䣬ѾơǸзһļһһ壬иֳ۾
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ѰңȻýһѸµ䡣
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ŬҪƣŬ޷ʵ֡
ߣ豣ʲôûмƾҪסң㻹ԶˣһŬһ߸˵ܰõġ
͸֪ǣ˵ǳѶԸвɸֻҪܰסˡȥҾ￴ţһôĵ鰡
ܿ죬ȫ뵽嶥ġˣȻ֣Щʵϲɫĺˮ
ֺˮܶȼǿУо˷ǿѹǣĺˮУ岻ϸһһ䡣
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뵽ֿܡ
ˮ֮һּ䷴ĴڣͨˮԹȫһΪˮڵ⹹죬ˮͨˮԡ
һԾرͬˮܱͨˮ򱶡һԾʲôУˮ·䣬Ŷëľ˵
ˮ䣬뾡һа취Ҳ޷³ơ
ֵʱ򣬻ƺɫˮ棬ȻٺɫĹâ
͸ǵˮȻ¶ˣ¶ԽԽߣݷˮеĸо
µһξ룬һӿˣԭˮ棬ȻðŨ̵Ĺҽ
˸ٺɫâҽˮȻܹƽദˮҽ˿Ϸ죬˭ҲӰ˭֮䣬һһָխϸ죬ϸ죬ˮҽ뿪
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ȭľ޴󷴻ֹͣ˵ͷȭ練ֹס䡣
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豵䳰ȷðɣʱһ취ûУάסԼҪġ
Ȼ뵽һ⣬Ҳˮ֮УΪʲôµԼȴµأ
͸ƺɫˮϸ۲豵һһ
˹ˣҲûʲôرĶҲ˵ͣﲻΪĳЩܣΪԭ
ۣҽ³һɾˣȫˮУҽûд챻¶ȣٺɫصҽСЩš
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˭֪Ҫʱ򣬶ȻһǿһᣬʱƲסԼ壬мת
㻹Ǹ˲ţܹˮİءʶǿˣֻϧҲһˮгģ̫Ϥˮɣؿ㻹ʲô취
۾Լĸо֪ΧһУͻȻ͵תͨԵһֱ̳ȥ
ߵһͨԵһƺ壬ֱû
ֻץס˵ȶס塣Ϣһ£ڳһַֻ嵱С
һϾϰһڣȻͨԵбϲ塣һ䣬˳һ
ķǼֱΣ˵ţֻĴǷŹֱϾȥ
Ҫ˵ʲô˺ǲµģؼ豵Ĵе缼ܣⶫ˲ȴܹļ塣ҪĹͷһ£ǿҪġ
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ͨˮԣֻˮ쳣ڵǰȴǲԽ׳ذ벽
ٺٺٺ٣ջ˴ǣЦȻùޱȣҾͲ㻹ܷ
豵ĽԽԽƳ˲˴Ǵһ紫ġ֪ʶƵֶΡ
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¶ʹɫԽе˱̬ĿС
ǲǾúǾͺú˯һɣһеʹ࣬ޱȵ
ˢصͨԵУˮвҡΣڣɿ֣ʯͷһȥ
龰˷ܵ嶼˺ɫֻҪοסʶ䵽ҽУһоͶˣ


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豶ǿʶµģղܹʶΪԭۺγɵĽ
岻³һ˿ԥµȻʶողñʶһ£𺳸أ¡
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˯ɣ˯ɣеʹ࣬ڳ˯š
ڵȴᣬȴһǷ̣һߵĻᡣ
Լûҽһ˲䣡
豵ʶ˺ܴ鷳Ȼ豵ʶƲҪ豵Ĺһˮ̶棬ǲܵġ
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豵ʶʶס象
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ҰɡѾûκвˣˡ
¼ٵ豣ϣܹͨһС
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ˮǰУڴ󴬵ΧһεˮžٶԽԽ죬εˮҲԽԽ
ģоµĴ󴬾Ȼεˮǣԭϴת
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һ죬ڵһƽĴԴƽײΰأƽоһѣΡ
ƽŭſһˮ
һ˲䣬Ȼһ󵨵뷨ƽӲޱȣײ˲ƽģƽſĴСⰡ
ٿ壬㿪ƽˮƽĴ
ƽ󺧣Ҫ³ôܹ³ģ
˳ƽʳ뵽ƽĶ
ƽʳһɶŴ䵽ƽθ
Żζס˺ʵǶĵҪһ廹ë϶žµ
˾鷢ˣ䵽θҺУӼ̺ͼ̵˲ڻθҺУϵļ̺ͼһ䡣
˲ΧЦû뵽߾ȻθҺڻˣҲԣⶫƽ³Ķһ֣ȻܱƽͲ֪ϵĶθһЧ
˵ţһ̼𣬳ƽθݺȥ
ƽӲޱȣڵĲȴͱ£ȫû뵽ƽθ
𣡺
ʹĺʳţ뵽˷״̬һͣط֪ƽھʹ
ðͦڣٸӵϣʹ࣡һ˵ţһ߰һ̰˳ʱƽθѪȪ㱼ӿ
ӽָóҩƿֻҪǿҴ̼еҩͳͳƽ˿
ž꣡
ʹŭ˵಻
ζﲻͣ𵴣ʵܲˡϽקͨԵһҿƽڴһͨͨ
ƽļ㹻ͣͨԵǰɾǵŽˡҲ֪˶ãȻǰޣѾ굽ƽˣ
ʵĿôĿڿ԰Ѫζζˡ
һͷϵණȫϴɾȵʱ򣬾ͼƽ۾ѾȥʱˡȻһһԼ壬ȻŴƣϽӽָͳһ·ϡ
Ȼ˺¡¡ˮ
ͷһγһ޴УпɲΪɵǸһǵϺȻѳһ󶴣ˮԴԴȥ
ƽ治½ƽľ޴ʬҲӴв֪
¡
һ㺣ˮӿ룬󶴺Ȼպˡ
ξһ㣬תۼ͸͸ˣеתۼɣζ
С䵽棬ûʲô쳣ͳŵķ˹ȥ


879 ּ֮
ķǰɽ岻һĸоһׯ£ǰһĪΣǽȻͬġ
ǵоɽҲͬǰ嶼ʯͻޱȣǻԲɽΣһֶغӵֱ۸ܡ
һֱߵɽ£ķҲûһı仯ҪɽߵʱɽŴȻ죬һ޴ɽǰ
ûóȻﴳͷųʶСɽ̽飬ûʲô쳣״СĽ롣
߽ɽûԽԽķɽпյһž޴Ŀռ䣬ֻһɽǡ
Ȼǰ洫ĽŲһҲûصĵطԾ̹ȻӭŽŲ˹ȥ
ȵķ֣ǰһʿЩʿĴװȻؾʿķ̣
վסߺˣ˵սеУͻӦģʽǸؾһģһ
һʱ䲻֪ôӦԣԷʿͷĿȵֵǣ˹Ǽϸ£
ȺʿһŰΧסǰļʿƽʿԶԶı׼ס˵·ߡ
Ȼǰĸʿͦĳìƽֱؿڡ
СϳõսĸɵСսӣϵƣԷһλѶԷ·߷Է޷Ӳƴ߾ǺˡӲƴһģϺʿ
ϤӰе²ȥֵĸоԼǰ˷ʮĵķ壬ûؾֻеˣ
ǰһ˫һץѾǰĸʿĳìͳͳץ˫ʹһ羢ҪıìŪϡ
û뵽ıìϴԼԼһϤûϳìԼ˫ַԷһ£ʱɿ֡
֮ޱȣôҲû뵽ڵķô飡
֮ɲͨһԴѪֻѪܹõѪеĴڣܹӵ
ѪϤˡ
Ҫ֪ɲǰײˣܹ洦ɼǿǲ׺һڰĴڣ˵ǻĴУܿһۣĻԵ
ɶԷȻ
Щ񣬳ᣬеʿһźȫıûжҲûץЩԼǿӲеĹ
Ϊģһ£Щʿ֮жǿ
ìĹ˵㲻ϣǳì֮ȴ΢ĸӦ
жϳЩʿӵе֮ʮ΢ԺԲơֻΪԴʮ𾪣ŻᵼԴޱӡ
жϳЩٲʹһϵĳìһ𿪣һ·һӰЩսʿһǼȭ
䡭
žžž
ȭ£Щʿȫɳȥˤ䵽ϣһǶϽۣûϢ
ٿЩʿһֳĿһι״ĺöɵġ
ⲢûԾΪıԱĪƵġֻҪܹһУܹб仯
ǡ
صĽŲԶߴŲһͺǲĿϣһ١
һһϮƮݵģˣǰ˽üĿֱڷȳƣһӡ
֪ⲻ˵ıĿ
ߣǲԼӺܳ󣬾Բλ࣬ű仯ӣ˵
˶ļ벻⣬˵ֻһƤҶѣѵ֮˶ɵѵòȡ˵ǳªĿ𣿡
仰˵ƿԣǰ֮˲ô򵥵ġ
ߣˣǺĿ֣ôҲЩĸоǵķغ
˺ǺһЦǵķغİҸǰĺͬǲֶζԸ㣬ҪԼʵʵɵ㣡
˵ôȳԸңѵⲻǸô
İҡͷҲЩ³ֻʵҪЩﶼʰˣʲôʸҳ֣壬ֻ˵ʵףɵķյ㣡
ǰ˵Ļ㻹ܣһˡţҲһ뵽ǵСмһ££ôõ֮ģ
İˣһ𣬲ؿ˵ô֪֮ģߣҲҪˣ˻Ǵңͻ֪еĴˡ
˵꣬İ˹ŹֵЦڹЦУİųһĽɫΡİı󣬻ɫľ޴̣Ȼ䣬Щɫľ޴һ
ɫĹ͵ػһŽâವһû뵽޴̵У޴̣һҫŽ
նĪһȣ𽣼תХһһ£ն
ҵͨԵ˫趯âӭ˽𽣡
죬âĽڰмҵײһĽȻȵâгԣɢâ֮󣬼
ֳֵԼ沿һᣬһȭ˵λնĽ𽣡

ͨԵסĽ𽣷ɷĽ𽣲ɨסȥ·ͨԵķƥȭ嵽һߡ
ɨͨԵڵڷĲֻգһͨԵĵ壬һɻעͨԵڣ˲ѷ𽣵
ߣһͨԵָİ˳ͨԵķƵİؿڼ۶ȥ
İٺٹЦ˫һ𽣷ɵİǰβγһεӣʱڳε𽣽ʢɹȴײһεǽһҲѽֺ
󺧣û뵽İȻô͵ֶס飬ѵİôߵʵ
ۼ鹥˳ջص飬ϡ
䣡
һȭεĽ𽣣Լǿ޵е𽣹ɵķ
˭֪İһ֣Ȼ𽣳ߣҲһȭӭȭͷԺ䣡
ضɽҡ
ɽΧĿռ䣬İ˶ȭ¾Ҳ
ŵŵš
˸˳ʮ
ӾˣİĽ𽣾͹ˣû뵽İ徹ȻܸһȭԺϣİıָ൱
İ¶˿ȵ飬һٿն
һҧٿص𽣲


880 ֮
ڰж񶷣Ҳʾ嵽һȭ
˸ͲǸֵĶԾоһĴ򷨡һ˳ȭһǻȭԺ䣬˭ƾԼѹסԷ
սǶ˵ִǵģһ֮֮ģǵ͵ľĵĴ򷨡ƴ󣬵ȻǿһʤʤǲʤһǲᱻȡĹʽ
ҲкôǾĴһԷӣǾռ˾Եƣ־ԵڶսоתɾԵ
䡭
İ˭Ҳϸı򷨣һȭֿ֮˵һȭ
ˣŭĿԲһȭ
øץӣֻץӱȭͷİû뵽ôһ֣ۼԷ׺ݣȫͶӰһİ˫ִʮ֣ͷһӭ
۶ۡ
ͺƿ˴һ˫ȭйһİӭϵʮ֡
Ӳĵ޷͵ȭͷİʱµѹİһ³뵽˵£գۼ䣬İ˫ȾѾû뵽¡
𣬷һţİؿڡİŷʯ飬ʮɲ䵽ϡ
㣬㡭İѪ̲ס
ߣǺͻĴôǰ˵ұɣұˣô˵㲻ԣҪǲһ㣬Բҵۣ
˵ţϣøĳȭİ䲻ѡ
ʱİ˿־壬ʵսµ顣־ͻᱣأؾͻŲŲζŴ
ŵĳȭ£İͷܣǱ
İ޶־ˣٿصԷ𽣽йûİĲٿأ𽣱գۼ÷飬ޱ𽣻Ľɫ۳Ʈ䵽ϡ
ʱİж౯ˣ𽣱٣ѪѾǰȾˡ·ҲˣͷҲɢˣӸһܵĹûʲô
ѵٻصͨԵڣЦİҪɵҵʵʵ⻰˵ˣӦ㱻ҸɵĽɣ
İֳһɺɫǣİ弱ٻζƬ̵Ĺİͱóһǧĺ档
ȻбõļܣһΪᣬû뵽һ氡İװǺ۵ģıѿɰС棬ʲô£̡
İ嶸Ȼֱİʳһɰɫûȴǹ굽˵£
ûĥô£;ĵҲΧɽ巢˿ֲ죬һֲѷγɣ˲䣬ɽˡ
׷׵ɽʯµȻ¡ͨһӵص´ܳһɫĹâ
һϽˡ

һ֣һ޴ĽɫǼܸڰյС
ʯɽ廹һµ䣬ȴûʱעЩעȫɫǼȥˡ
ǼɢԸ̺ܵĺ̺ĿֲȴǸһϤеĸо
֮ǣ
ʱףΪʲôԼ⸱ǺôϤеĸо
ܹսʤңǼǰһСĳӣɣɣúϧһ̵ɡİЩһٱİ޲ϲ
ӣԼôû뵽㻹İðС棬
İñףȻһͷһ絽˾Ǽܵͷ
ͼǼܵͷһＸʮɵľ֮ӹ
磬ֺ룬һ߸ϣʥַȻȣǻһǼܣҲı䲻ӵеƣ
һ˾ǼܵȴҳĹǼľ޷ɨһ¡ʱߵķһԱ߷ɳڿסΣ䵽˵ϡ
˭֪Ǽӹ޴βһݺɨµɽʯ𣬼žβһҹ
ѾûܣֻӲͷƤ˫ǰһơ
һ߸գûڿסΣһɣǼܷ˹ȥ
ӴĶ־ɻľǺ¶ԷͶѡԶ֣Էʹƾȫӳ
޴͵ĶϿԷΪ̶޷ЧȻȻͽ
Ǽܲͣ裬Ӿ͸һ¡ڿзе򣬸Ǽܽ
ǲ뷴֪һ̬ǿᣬǹǿᵽ̬µĵز
ȭͨԵǰѵϣǼҲЧ˺װЧѰܹЧԸǼܵķ
һ˽⣬Щڿɶǹ°ޱȵģ˵ǸĴһҲδػһۡ
ԸڹĶΪȥı䣬ôᱻİٿأ
˰죬Ȼ֣ÿǼûнʱİܻ³һɰɫǼͷܵ󣬾ͻԼ
֣һڿһͷųʶ̽Ǽܵͷʲô쳣
ʶУһϤӰھͷۿ󲿣һƴĶʱͷųһɹɵֲʽʵ̫Ϥˡ
ǵĶƷͬȻͷǼܵƷͷĲ߼֪ٱԭһġҲ˵İͨװÿƾǼܵġ
İһΪʲôֶܹһĴУ˰ͨƾǼܵƷһͲǻãһֵԣΪΪ۵ġ
ⷬİĻȻһ𣬵ϻصû뵽㻹֪Ĳ٣֪ôǼܲҵƿ֮УǿỹܺǼܣǿǿ㻹ǰĵȴȥ˰ɡ
ٺٺ٣һЦҪʧˣҶԾǼܻǸװãкܺõİ취
˵ţӻͳһƿ
İһЦøƿʲôãǶԸһǶԸǼܰ
û˵ʵжİԼҪӽ˾ͷۿ͵İѴƿƿҿ
һɫӴƿƮžͷۿƮ˹ȥ
İжȻһɲĸоϽɰͼǿԾǼܵĿơ
ûֹ͸ڰۿš
ɰӿ˾ۿİٴβٿؾǼܵʱ򣬷Ѿָˡ


881 ŭ
⣬⡭ôܣİо˼飬˼ڰŬȫͽ͵ġ
Ǽڰ·Թ⸱Ǽܾӣף꣬κҲ޷ĳ˯
ɵ˾ۿλãһ֣ۿȡһƴСֽƬһĶһܹƾǼܵĶװûһѷĩл䡣
İɴ۾Ъ˹㶼ʲôôܰǶŪأ
Ц㳤ʶոյɫʴ𶾣רƻֶƷĶҩ˵ʵһֶضƷãǶൣˡЩģӦͬһˣͬһֹ˼
İ͸˼Ϊӵ飬ȻеҲȥ
˵ţİ͸˼Ϊʹ飬ţİڵϲϵشȻ䣬İ岻ϵرǣȻǵ˰ɳ̣
ƽ˱ҿƵľǼһɵ㣬գļգһ㣬˭Ҳı䲻ˡ
İû˿Ľţеؿİǵ壺αأһеıһ壬˴˷ҲԪˣͲ֧ļܣⲻô
İѾˣЦƵģֻҪ˵ķ壬ҲҪҪȻҾһ汳ɡ
˵ţİӿž޴צϰգ۾Բ붢ҪĹ
¶˲̵Цݣһ֣ԼָָϺݺһξӨѪ⼸ѪỬ䣬ȴûе䵽棬ڰںϣһѪߡ
İ㲻ƾǼܣмȡ֮͵ѧ֪Ϊʲôĳͷôϲ̵ЦԽĲ̣ڿȥЩ
ߣͷ˭ͷң˭ҳͷңİΪŽ
û˵ȴ۾תһ˿Ѫߡ
ѪƮ׵ľǼܣȻһ˿𶯣ѪƺܵǼ˹ȥ
͵һѪû뵽˾ǼܵСѪߵû룬Ǽܱŷ貵Ľ⣬һƵͷ˭˭ѪҸʲô
û˵Լʶͷղŵķм䣬ȫչھǰ
𣡡˷ŭȻҿһźҾȡ͵ѧһıܣôˣѵΪһµô
ͷתİû۾ֻһտյĹǼܣİеһԴѹ֡
İǺһ壬ĺһĳߡǰľǼѾ£нһŭ꣬İֵĵֿ־
ǴѧıܣһĲܣȫģôǼܵƽͣȴ˲Υϡ
ǣ֮˸һЩͨЩܹ̽һܣһ⣬ǸװҲ֮˸ģ˵ܹͨǶܹİ߶£ǰѻ˵ˡ
ˣþû˵ƽİĶᵽɤˡ
֪һ⵽ĳͷô
İһƣӰе䡣
Ȼ䣬ӾͷŷӲӽ⣬Щ˲Ͱİסˡ
İŵûе
žžž
İıƤһ㱬ѣѪƤлʣžǼıѣ͹ıѣ
ҲҵһĻֱҡԴ֪һԼϵĴڻȡıϧֳ֮ôĶδҲ̫Űˡ
Ǽ£Ǽ̺Ͳ࣬İľȡγͷİģѾ;ƿݵĵزˡ
ˣܺãһѪάһϡ
ʮ֪ľɵһᣬ˵ǰ˵ʵҡ
Ҫ˵ˣ֪ʣʱ䲻ˣܾǰսʱ룬Ϊάȶ϶սҾͳˡĽҾڣϵȥԶûϵĻҪ壡
˵ǼϵĹͷʼʯ绯һɢ˶Ĺͷһ㻯ɻҽŵƮ䡣
ϲѪ˳һִȱҪѹסһ㣬һ屻˾ΪһѪҺУʼʵǲꡣˣˣ
һǼܣҲ˵۳һڵ֮ϡųʹ飬䵽ϣѾǼܻɵĵ㳾ȫʰԼĽָС
ǰֻв꣬䱻

һޱȵļ㣬˵塣
ɽ壬Թ죬ɽͺͺģһĴѣɽһЩɫŨҺ壬ԶԶܹŵһɶ
һüͷ˰գܴܲӰзɹɽ塣
ɵɽʱ򣬺Ȼڶĺˮйһͨڵĺһ֫ȫϸݣƤͷһȴһԴԴϼԲһ壬Ӷ䣬ΨһŴͻֻȥ۾
һ֣һŨĺѸڿգۼɢǰǰ
ɢŨϺζ֮ŻϽͷиߵأԶĺ
ǹۼɹһͷȻ޷йڹʧĵطһȦߣǹϢ棬ץͣ˹
ư䣬һһ
䣡
һȭϡ
ͬӸ߿еһķ飬һƬ裬ɢһأԾǣһ徹ȻʺѪǷɫѪҺ塣
鷢ˣЩɫѪҺѸٺΧĺˮںϵһƬ̵Ĺʲô鶼ûзһִŢĵ
ߣӣֲܹǰķ崳ùǰķ˲𣬵Ҫ㣬ĵ壬˵ȥûôס
ЦҷǺһһܴɴһԼĸˡᣬҪȰһ仰ǰ𴵣ǰĸǺܺõӣǫ㣬ٸ·ܱסһС

ᷢһҹɰЦ͵أ޺һš
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882 Ӿ綾
޴ɢĺЩϷеĿռȫ޷ͺеĹζֻܽ͸߶ȣϷС
еķУޱߵĺɥʧˡУ޷ӺֵķΧ
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬оЩˣϷһ߸ߵĵطͣϢ˭֪Ϣ࣬ץе๥
֮£᲻ǶߣǱ÷֮ϻָޱơǣУ׽ټܹϢĸɧš
ͷ۵ľ״̬֪ﵱУкܶıܡ
еܹһЩޣնһ֣ܹеޣһΪ״̬¸ӳһµĸ
÷黹ܹ𣬻ԭĸһģһֱǲ֮
Ķ֣ƾݻ϶ǲеģʵо񹥻ûиԷʶֱӶץѡ
ȻͰһˣסߣӦõѡ
⣬Уȴĳ֡
ȻȻĽץ˼һУһӾ͵ǰҲжģץסĸ첲
ҪʱȻоԼڵΪ糱ˮһԴԴӿ⣬ҪסʧȴԼһжͽ͵ġ
֮£һָֻϽȡͨԵһնᡣ
նΣʱʧúеûˣžһ䵽ӵС
̼䣬оӾһ޴ڣԼڵţһ飬Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ڵͼˡ
ҪڵȴԼڵΪ㣬޷á
նϳصָΧߣֻЦζܰɣʱ򣬻иɵҵ˼ôˣ˵ף˵Ǵ֪ڶ仰кθ밡
һͦӲûǰͲûζܰԴ¶Ϸܹʡٵ
ߣҵҲһˣٱҶˣ﷭˴һĵӣȴ
ԳЦ㻹Ǳװˡ˭ĻʧҲŶ˻ѵ⣿
Ȼ˵ȻôİգΪʲôְ
⻰ûп˼Զˡ
֪Ҳ֪ԼＸʵҵʵǰ漸ĺԶˣ֪Ϊʲôһô
һ뵽һܣѿڶΪӵв弼ܰɣ
һ仰·𴥶е˰̣¶ޱɫ
˵ûΪԭŻΪĺ
ʵǺһΪ͵ȵһ壬ڱĺڽ£ūۺŰɱһ塣
壬ûгһʵĸߵȼ壬ȫƾǿǿ෢չġ
ڰ˷ʮУǸΪĵطԶʱսҵĵطǿߺ֮
ӣʵЩǿԹɵģ˭ֻҪͻᱻЩִǿԹΧĸȫʧȥĸҲԹһ֡
˵֮˶ʮּɻ䣬ԺһûһԸɳĸ
֮ǿҪкԺһǿߣͰڵ塣
ڵȻҲɵ֪Ǿһһ˳󣬼Ը⵽
ĺǿߣڵѡһˣͳͳϵ
ʱĲ״ڻҲľһˣԺ˲һڴˣʣֵܹģΪɱ˴ɱ󣬾ʣһˡ
֪ΪʲôָܻôǶһδεĲɱ𽥻ܱ죡һԺҪ׷ɱҪϽһֽȵĸоôΪƬָܻô׾ɵô
ˣҲȻ
Σ˵ȻӦúܺް͵ĺһˣ
һ飬¶ʹɫǺǣҺް취Ϥ޵еģ˭ﶼҪҵͷ棬ҾǸһĲֵĵ͵ȴڣҺԣͲҪ˵Ұˡ
ǵδأᣬʵͿĹǿֻȷʵͷۡʲôûˣû˹˼ɣֻҪߣҺΣ
˵꣬Ų壬ԼǰŲ
һתǰֵͣһۣǰߡ᲻ǰߣΧº
Ц˸㣬һʦڶҩⶫ˵֮Ҳ˵֮ҺΡ㻹ʡʡɣͷŶǺԼΪġ
һʱ䣬Ŀɿڴ
û뵽ȻѶԸҪ֪һǿߵ߽ˣʧȴԼ屾ԴҪ綾ӡ
ЩֶҲã̫ǿˣƴһԼΪҲҪ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ŷƾ㣿֪㻹ʲôֶءһ飬أʲôôô
Ȼкôˣǰ˸˵ˣֻҪסһ£ҾܹȥΪһ嶥Ĵ֮һ㹻˰ɣ
Ȼ֮ƺõģҪԼʹܹ˳硣
ȷʵֵƴ㲻õֶΣҲ֮˽̸İɣаʹóʱ֤Լܵ˺Цʵ
⻰ݺݾһ£ǰҪԱΪһĿģԼһŴģɱΪҪŪԼ
ȴǲЩǰ˹ǰУۿԽԽԶˡ
һҧ޺һţ۾ĬĬʩչ֮˽ķ
ϣðһɺ̣ЩϾ굽ӵС
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һŵĺЩڰһӰЩӰŨŨ״̬Ǹ࣬ȫεδҺ壬ȥɭֲޱȶġ
ЩӰڿţȻͷе˹ͬһ죬ͣط˺ҧ
Щûκε˺оԼǱĶҧһ㣬Ĵʹִʹӣأ嶼ִʹС
ֱۻЩӰЩɺɵĶͲ˫ͬһĹ෴ģӰϵЩˮȴһ㽦䵽˫֮ϡ
ЩˮȻ͸ڣʱоԼڵȻɢҵļ
ϽԼϢӿĺӰȴǲϽ޷ĵԼϢ
깥Ķҩ˫£е޴ˡ
ῴʮֱɵü֣ؿô죿ҾͲĹ·̡ϷлҪܰŪоԷĽͣĺôǾ˶ֶѵˣ
ȱ⣬ϷŸոտʼ֪Ϊʲôһһһ崳ôڱԵʮֳȡ
ָȵǰô϶Ӷˡ
ִԲҵķǽӵжֶķϡȫ֣ʵȴûзĴʵϱҸΣգҹˣҲøᣡ
⻰ʱ׹ߣ
㣬ѣҪҵ񣬺Żµ˼ѵô
ķȷʵûȷʵ㣬Ϊڲϵķп˶ߣԼֹܵǸƵĺӰҲԹɵĺӰĪĹϵ
ЩԹӾսеЩԹ壬Чγ깥ñʹʧ⡣
ΪҪǣеˮʵһֹޱȵĶҩⶾҩңԹĴ߷ڹͬʱԹ񱩣һϵеϹҲЩԲ
ڣԹɵĺӰʵƵģӰҧʵԶ˿Ʒġ
ҪԷԥöԷԥĹӻлз
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ἤ£˱˽ô˵ЩϹʱǿߵԹЩһͬȥͬ壬Ҳÿʱÿֲ̾
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亹ˣΪʵʵ˵ĲܲԸʹóطʵΪԼĵġ
йˣ˵֮ɹĸ뷨Ʋסˡ
һ񣬳ҧԹӰͷŻ˶ĳʱȫ˲嵽ǰ
һ֮£ס
㣬㡭Ҫʲô󾪣治֪ʲô뷨סԼ
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亹̼ˣԵĹܾ޴ʹ࣬Ҳܹٻ
ţкȻһԴĿ־壡
ߵȻˣ˸һģһ塣

ʩչ˱ɸһģһӣһ𣬾ֵܱһһһɿת
㣬㲻ʱ˼ԹӰ϶ҪģԼɿתԹӰȻ޷׼ȷϡ
ЩԹӰѾ뵽״̬ǲֹͣģʱ϶ᱻ꼰ġ
ƴҪĿƣķǴµСһʹȫҲûκεá

ᷢһĲҽУڵ͵ҲҪϵ汳ԹӰûʹҪܡϸ˵Ƿɣ˱ķΧС
ҪһҪѹһѹŵľĿġ
㣬֣һ£ֻҪ֣Ǿˮˮò
ԹҧĴʹܵģĵ̣ΪӦĻһֱԹγɵӺƽܵĹ
ǺǣȻܹ壬ζܰɣģǲ֮ҧζɡ
ߣҲҲѣֻҪ뿪ңЩԹģطǷֿЩԹǻȥģúɣҷߣſҺòã
ãѾ˰취ﱥʹࡣ
˵ţɿһֱֻ֣ͳҩ
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У˾Ŀ־壬еĵҩ˵ЧǶԹӰ˵ǷʳĶǡ
жôĿܣְһҩӲᱻһҩҭֱۣЩҩȫ䵽Ķ
ʱҩЧˣڣ͵رŷ쵽仯ԶһƣԼ˫ֺϱǰЦ
ԹӰĸо̫ˣζ壬ʹˡԹӰȫҧȥˡ
һӰԶᣬһתͷظǰ
ᣬܰɣµĵҩ֧źܳһʱģףˡ
û˺ڵŵķ򣬺ܿ߳ӡ
һˮԴúϴ壬һ·پˬΨһĵطӵ˴òʳһЩҩһ¡
ιµĵҩ;ʹΪ˰ѵγɵӣЩۻֵõġ
ܣúһ£ʱ䲻ˣ֮˽֮ǰӰ˷ʮһеŬ׷ѣ
뵽ҧأ


884 ʥѪӰ
أӳ뵽С
ɽдеֲУһƻֺʯʽׯºبڵİɽλá
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Ųɽ壬ԽʥʥվԽŨһʱ䣬оԼصģǹݵġ
ĻԲʯ֧ģһʯţ͵˹СƺΰȣеĽԼªˡ
ǰһɷԲļ̨̨湩һŮģʯʯǰ˸ּõʼ̨棬ʮɴŮ
ЩŮȻɴ͸͸ɴŮȫܹһ
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Ůʯ˫ָǰǳ̴ʣûֵİգŮǵĸ֮Ŀĸо
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ûнӹ룬۾סǰŮͨŮ۾ÿ뵽ŮļУԷʲô·
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󺧣ϽʶջٿŮǸʹʥࡣɴ棬Ǹס
ĿˣѵؿŮİôŮһ˵
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Ůײչһˣ㾹ȻԴ飬Ӧµ
㣬ϿڿŮǰڣȻŮĳͷ

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Ȼ䣬о̨ϵͷųһȻɱɱĿİ׹һţҪһ
˷Ӧ˫ȭߵʮŮȫȥ
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飡
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ۿŮһ˵治֪ļƹأޱҪһ仰Ͱĺβȫ©ˡпǰɣðܹѺһô
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˵ţһӣһѪĹâֵЩȥŮϡŮǰɴȻ뵽ŮУЩŮһӵ
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֪ô壬һ޴ļ̳һܹɵĵط̳ҪǱ̳ɱʮŮڣһжˣúһ˼伫ְɡ
Ȼ䣬͸оΧ´䣬ʻʯʵĵգۼƮҡŭšĹ̼䱻ĺûЩŮҡҷһֵǻ
ǸոԼеŮתۼӣһжĿɿڴ
ЩǻеĴӻóΧߵеĴӻж˳һ̣ǰмժ䣬һԾűҪڲϡ
һжǻþһжƭ˵ģ
ԼҲ˹ǰһв׼ӿԼһŮѾսȭͷǴ򲻳ȥ
֪ЩŮѾҵȥˣԼУЩҪԼļ󣡵һ뵽ԼɱЩ޹ˣôҲݲٴζ֡
ȻԼһŮҵı仯񾭣Ȼһɳ
ʱһŮŻҪĲףһȭڻ֮ϡࣵһһѪɽԱߵĻС
Ӵôôأǿɶ㹲ֵģôأһù̵Ůһѣ
һŮеѻһѪ飬ɵ˻ԡȭҪŮȴŮ¶ްԹ飬뵽ԼɱЩŮһȭȻôҲȥ
ҵԽԽɳڡ
ˣקͨԵ۾Χйһҿ
ݺĵâڴеʻŮȫĵâлѪ
žžž΢ЦŹ˵ܹؿ޼ҲǿʼоʵĴϷء
˵꣬˫һ˦ų嵽˵֮ϡɲǼ䣬ӿѪ⣬ЩѪģԽԽ󣬼ӿ
ѪУЩŮͷɢѪӰѪ֣һ޺
ͨԵֲϲûȥǲȡ˶Ĳԡ


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˭֪һӿѪԽԽʢҪܹеĿռԽԽխƵ˴Ϸһ
һƣּ̨ĿһζЦݿԼѣǵеĹؼֻҪɵ˿ȣе鲻Ͷӭжô
뵽ӿû֮УͨԵֱȶȥ
ǿȴûֵ˼ԭЦſ
ȻԼ·뵽޾һǸо͸ʱûвʶԤıģǸ塣
ޱſȻмԶľ룬޷ǰֺҪ壬ȴеͽ͵ģԼ޷ˣ
һ˵֪Ϊʲôôʵϣһ˶ޱȵ󷨣ǰڵһ׼Ϊһ̵ĵƥΨһȱʱҪ㾫׼ޱȣɱЩŮ󷨾ˣѾ˼¡
˵Ȼ֣ĳף󺮹⡣
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һƵĹâϸŵɫͨԵӿȵؿڹͨ
ϷӦø߹㣬һ󷨴ʦʯгʱҾ⵽쳣ˡȷʵҲȷʵסˡǣҾڱ˲еĹؽڣȥĹؼ㣬ʵϲǡ
һ飬ͨԵӿȵγȶʱվȣԵڵϡ
󷨵ĹؼԻ꣬еһжΧչġŪ飬ʵҵעҶѡŮľѪŷͬѰĹƻЧߣ֮šһֹƻ޷Ŵʱеľ־ơ
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ͷҲ㣬ʵƽ˵ԭҧԼ⣬һѪƵ󷨣ǲе˼أ
˵ϧȣʵϣҲǱ֮һϷ˼Ӧǵһж󷨵Ĺؼɱ㡣ȴΪ޹ŮھΣϾɱ㡣ҪľѪЩŮĻϵһͻʮȡ
ͷһѾðѪݣʵ˵ϷҲ
ȣΪȵǿôʵϣǺһ岻Ӱˡ
һѪôģĿ
䣡һȭӳѴĺź俪һݷ˰ա
Լķٶᵽ˼£һֱܲӴӵ߷ķ嶥ɹȥ
˭֪ٵ߷嶥ʱɽİθߣεסķ·ߡ߶ȣ޷ɹ
ͷˮշֽ㣬Ҳ޷θߣֻ˵߷ɽϡûڵסΣ;һգµ䡣ϷɣȻĵطȻסˡ
һɾ޴קûҪԿ䵽˵ϡ
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ͷһҲȻԼĵطһֱ·ԲɵĴ󶴣鶼ǹϸֱ£ⶼǺһĹ
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⣬ôڵ߷飿
ԲЦԭǸǯӵļһôаֱ۵īǸһƤӰǼ
ûԭ˵꣬ͬǴԭĻ˵ȻǲǺҾͷһ·һ£Ҳڡ
˵꣬´Ҫһȥ·
ԭһЦֵǣûУСӾȻ˵Ҫһ·бЦô
һ˵㻹ֵֶ֪ܵΰɣ֪ʲôطôǹѺһĵطܹѺﺣһݺảĴܣ
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ӰйѺûκιӦģҪȥ͵óԱǼǿʮһֱġ
һ𣬹ֲԼĸ˱Ű֮ԭ¾ԵôͬŵĽ
ôѵҳôЦ
ԭԵúܼ˼Ұ˻һôǾǻɣ»صĻ硣
ĥߴЩʲôȥ˵ţӰವһʧˡ
֪⼸֮ͽÿСģû뵽Ӱ˵Ͳˡ
ȻоһһĶסԼ
īЦӰܣ֪˶ٺ죬ëСҲҪ档
˵꣬īİֱͬһ֫ɾ屻Ӱճסһʱ޷ܣȭīֱۣ˭֪īֱ쳣ڰһ䣬һ
һҪīľȴīֱ쳣еԣīֱ۶ӳ編īֱ۵Ĳơ
ᣬīֱ۲סһֺֻ˫ȡ
Ӷֻǯӣͼ˹һľǯǼеʯһ죬û˵ֺ
Ӳ壡޵û뵽СӵôǿԭҪˡ
ԭͦŻԲĶаЦû£ˣа취ˡ
˵ţԭһ˦βͣβһĴؿ
ǿȻסԭβ̣һＫתβͣβ̵ͷһؿһ£еĴʹ
İɣܿģֻҪС࣬ҲûκεʹˡԭϷʵذο
ߣһʱСľȻǰˣѵΪܹƵסô˵


886 һ
ԭŲм˵㻹ʲôı²ɣǸ缸ĺֹʮ򣿺˭ᣬܴѵģûй

ЦЦڿݺἤԭĸѪӿ
ɱʮҲǰûϸж٣ͳһǵ۹һǧɥ֣ǵɱҲ԰ڣ
˵ţ˫һϾīֱֻ۸޷סֱ۵ĶץסīԼϵֱۣץסģ˫ֺݺһīֱĶܽסʹ֮²ɵһɡ
ȴ֣һֱԭβһһᡣ
һеʯͽˣԭīûзӦһﷴӦʱī۴С
ιιιԭôͣ£βǶ˵ˣӴīʹ֮࣬òѲϵֱȫɿˡ
ԭϽԼβͣīֱѾѲˣԭҲŭīúõץҵβ͸ʲôôвæϽīֱ۸Ū
һŴǯӾͿʼīֱۡǯӣжУ⿪ϸȴǸɲ
һʱ䣬һＷһԱԹŪýͷö
߾ʣӰһˣȻһܣϣǲʶ̽飬ܴӰÿһλá
ݺһ⣬Ӱϡ
һӰʹſҵʹӰ޷ƶŷĵطһȭߡ
໣ԭӴôģӴʲôأæӴʹغУӰǰȵĻﴫݳ
һǯīֱϺݺһУʱīֱۼжϣ԰βǽѳˣī۵۴С
ôĸʲôҰӵֱۼжϣӸû꣡
ôļƽˣûӰôϽæӰˣǾ͸Ƶˡ
ԭĴǳ£īʹԭһ׷׶֡
һţҲ֪ߵӰϵʲôλ֮ݡž죬Ӱһ߷ɣײұֵ䵽档
ԶݺݳԭûӭȥԷķһѸƶͻȻһ﹥·Ĳ棬Եľǵĺˡ
ԵĿԭԲļһƶٶȵǲֻתҪ˺ܶࡣԼĲ෽ٿسʱԭĹء
أأԭ
ߣ㣬ߣīУӰĴ󺰴Уԭ嵲סīֻӳֱۣƹԭ
һ˲䣬ȭѾݺԭϣһ޴һԱߵī˹ȥ
ī⧲ԭУʱһ۵һײһ͵ùļһɳԶŵϡ
һǰûг֣
һ£һҧֻǯӺݺй
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ôǿϸͲһǿȼҲֻѡ
һǰһȭСһɳӰһײұٵ档
ת˲䣬ĸ䣬ӰңѾʧȥսˡԭīȻû˵ôأѾͲҶκε뷨ˡ
ٺЦһߵ˼һŵԭīǰ
㣬㡭ҪʲôٹĻ˵ԭ˵ȥˣ⻰ѾûκεˣԷˣԼôأ
⿴ԭĶӣЦͦʵģӦúˮܹġ
ԭŵð໵һеˣˣҷˣ֪ˣҲ´ˡأˣҵĶӴʵһʺûˮѳԵġ
ЦҶӶˣ˵㣬ҳ˭
ԭſˣʱô˵ϽЦˣ˭ҺóԡīֱۣнӰ϶СⰡ𿴱ƤӲ򿪱Ƥ˳һڰ
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ԭһһ˦βͣβϵβȥīīҲʾڶֱ۸ԭһ
ˣɤӽе
ԭīһ£ϽԷֿ
ߣǼҲ֪ԼＸ͸ҶҶ֣һļһҲʰǡңôȥ
ԭһָͷ˵ˣֻܴȥǶԹˣ򲻿
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890 Ϊʱ
ߣƻһ鴤һðôһ仰
ʵҪǻطĻĺ뻯ֵĴ裬úõʹ죡
˷ʮʵ̫ƻˣһֱǰٲһ룬ۿѾǧʱȻָıϷ
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ʲô𾪵ؿǰĽɫȦʱʱػɢһâǸһ
ϸػŽɫӰĻȻԼһһߣÿһʱһǶȴ
ʶ뵽ϣоȦһӺҲûʲôĸоԼûʲô˺
ڼɫӰֻһʶ岢ûж²ĲĻӦǸ꣬Ǹλ÷
ֻҪһķΧڣͻͨҵԼ
һֻݵˣһһ·ֽߵĸֱʰ
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ռѾ˱ıԵʶѾϷһЩѷ쿪ʼ֣ƺѾܲסӴѹˡ
ڣȴһյĹռ䳹ױҲһɴֱϷ˳ȥ
ͨ
һűȥڵݺݵ뵽ˮ֮С
ǳ𣿡һ·ѾһƬڣ˻ڲĺˮ֮⣬Ѿʲôˡ
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һ·ϣָܹĺսʿȥÿһ˶Ǽ˹һ㣬ٵԱοƺ˾ͻᱻԵһ


891 ǰ
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ͨˣȻͨˣ
ԶУҲˣ֮˵ĽҲô׵ģҪ̽ǿڵƻſԡ
ֻǲʹ߾ģԪ壬Ǹ
ⶼûʲôˣܵס˺һ˫ӿռ䣬ض֮ͨ
ģͨڴһ˿ɫɫͬһһȼԼٶռɫ绷
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ջôżȥʱŭˣ˷ܵʱ򣬱Ūôһû˿Ҳ˵ġ
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892 
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ɴ۾ţͱƺΪջļһΪǺڣֻϵϢԿóǱѹ˵Ϊ
Ҷ϶֮ǰΪӦǴڣ
֮УҲǶĸˣϾǼĴܹܲġ
ɫ绷гһӰ
һͷɫĳӢһΪԵӥǣһ£Եø߹ޱȣ·һ㡣
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Ѿûмķ羰˰ǲүظпƺķ羰
ջһǰ˹Ц˵ү˵һʱ䣬϶Ϥĺܰ
壬ô֪ģүŤͷһջг֡
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үİɣһϲ̨棬һɵؾ͸㶨ͻȻǰһޱȵƨ
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Զľֶοɲһܹӵеİ
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ˣҪҷϻˣʰС˵ɣү΢΢ҡͷ΢΢һΣоȻһȡ
ͨ徧ӨɢŵĹâĳּƷʯɵġڿү΢΢ҡţžžĴƣڽֵϣڼǵЦݣôôһҹӸ
˶һȣ֮Ų뿪̰εʮֺá
ʱһүھͿʼǸСӣ
үžһȣžһˣͷ˵ʼɣʰСӣȻ취壬ǵˣ
ҵģٺһЦ˫һٴηֿʱѾһͨڵԲ̡
үƳһԲ̣һЦ˵ҵԪ̿ǼΪѵõĺö
лүޣԲүʧģæ˵ֻҲ׵ĺܣ˭ҪõһԪ̣ϧⶫֻ˲ٿزУȥҲǸӶѡ
ү˵㽫Ԫһףɫ⻪
ˡ
Ԫͬһ㣬ʼٵתÿһתܹɢȥһεĹⲨ˷ݶȥ
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ಡ
˲ɨڣ϶֮ͣ󣬱ʶȥ
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һַǳصķר̽겨ֻҪǻţûԪ̶ܹ̽Ѱ˶Ĳѡ
ҵˣ۾һָڵķе


893 թ
Сӵĵӹ󰡣֪˻ߣ
Цݵ˵һ˫˸Ŵ۵Ĺâƺû뿪лһչ֡
ˣȻСˣǻʲôȹȥɣүһ֣¶һĨЦݣһۡ
Ӧһֱ֮ʧ˵ϡ
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˵꣬үҲʧԭأûż֣ĳΪ֪ĵط
ڵСɽΧĸӰȻ֣ռһÿϵıԲͬĿⶼͣڵɽ֮ϡ
ȻȻôҵˣһؽ󷨸ˡ֮ǰΪ˿ٵػָʵҲûŪʲô̫߼󷨣ҪôԶľˣٵ˸Ͳܻҵ
ϧվһƺѾˣ֮˵ǿɲΪΪǿҲһ
ϣеĲһôûͷ۰ŲӿϹ˲м
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׳գǧ˵˵֮ˣе׽Ͳ鷳ôľһˡ
ʱûһֱһ˫۾ͬƺҪͨ͸
˵𣿡
˶û뵽ھȻôһ仰
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ȻĿⲻͣ˵ϣ֮С
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ţеҪǿһЩүԼҲеԾԾ˲ʧˣûнС
ֻһֻͷȽϵСѣվ޷ıݣèǰֻбŪԵĽ֡
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ûǰ;ˣãܹǼҲһүٴοڣϸܵԼһϢĿ
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ٴҡͷſүĿޱȣ˵ллˣҵСһ뿪磬ͻᱻ˸Ĩɱ
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˭һ仰ȴÿүˡүתԴһ˫ӽŻ壬˵˵𣿡
һ񣬸Ҫ˵ʱȴǱһεȻƿ

ʱֱ㶵ؾײ˵ϡ¡һ󣬵ֻһӰ屾Ѿʧˡ
֮󣬵ѣһӰƨɴӿ˳ƨɺ߾ȻŨŨҽ
һ֮Ȼֱӽĵ˵µȥˣ
զ࣬һֶΣ㹻Ц˰
лүʹͽѵ֪ˣһЦͷ˵ƨƨߵ»صУһ仰ҲҶ˵ˡ
үǸԼ˶һ죬˿ϣ˵үԼûе׼жôжôǳ
үҡһȣǺһЦ˵ûа취ͷʲôѣ˲ùܣǾֻõֶˣ˵ǲǣ
ү˵Ķ԰Ҳѧѧֵµ˿ûôΪһȥǵһƬ˵֪ɱ
үžһȣĿٴοüͷ΢΢ţʵҿԸһλᣬѾǰ϶ˣһ˵ʵ̫СĴ̫࣬ҲһöӰˡ
ӣǺǣүˣҪĻӶˣҡͷԵ˵ЦΡ
үͷƺѾ϶Эˣ㿪˵ʵҺܿġ
˶٣ү̾ϢһϧһúӣţһǽƳɿܰɣ˵֮һɾͣ
ܣ
һ飬һ¶Ŀѹûдʲô¶
үôСۣھҪʼˣ³һб۾ſү
ʱѾս׼ǶӱСģΪܹүϵˣûһ򵥻ɫ
ֻǣȻ⣬ΪοүῴһСӡ
үգգ۾Ц˵Ҳ˵ˣʱһ½ˡ


894 СС̽
ãĳ˻ûǿȺŹأҼʶʶǵɣ
һ֣˵һ京Ļʵ
˭룬үȴЦһİɣСޣԸһֻС󣬻òȺŹ
ϣүǱͲ˵ˣ۾ƺѾȨˡ
ٺ٣˵λҪ˰ɣСӸҲԸһ档˵Ǳֵĺûᰡոùϵү֣ó⣬Żᱻӡ
Ĳڣڻȥ֮޿ܡ
һ˱ĿĿүһۣĥһ£ûп˵ү˼ɲĥȻԸͷȥǳǾȥɡԲôöԸģҪȻҲˣһ˲ʰ
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û˴𻰣ǺٺһЦͷ˵ãȻû˸Ǿһɡ
νʼ˵ı㣬ν
ߣŰɣһ֪ʲôкڣЦһǰһӶ֮г档

ԶϵƿʼţոﻹûӦĻѡһ㡣
˵Ϊں۷״̬ҪʵԲǺܹġ˵ɣڵΪȴǴڵģʵɲһˡ
ţߣԷٰһЦŻĹǻϵģ㿪ôһ䡣
Ѿ뵽ս״̬УͲں˵ʲô͸¶һĨƺֻнɵһĿꡣ
һԣǧ졢ţʲô
ջôͽ״̬ˣǹƴġ
Ǻǣǻҵ˶Ƣһս繷
ǿµļһҿɲԸϡ
ǧ죬㲻Ҫװ˺òãֶжǿǶס
˵Լ𣿡
ˣҪ˵ˣʼˡ

˼򵥵һζԻˣʱ򣬻ѾϢһȥ

ҫ۵ĺɫڿ۳һ޴ƣžˡ
Ʊ˵ĻƣҪԻҶʣ¡
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δе̫Сһˣҿ㣡屻ĶҧгݣⲻǿЦô˵ҲǴ罵ٵǿߣӶﻹܲ
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죬˧ɵϡ
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û೤ʱ䣬ΪҲûпԼͱëʥԳڱˡڱϷʾһʱ䣬ĽëʥԳϹ
ҲЩëʥԳͻͣԭأЦľصĽëʥԳ΢Ц
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æͣ磬˵鲻ġ֪ǽëʥԳвԱֻȥԱȡһЩͿˡ⣬һȺвġ
ˣϽԳ汲һֱŲཻļѵΪ㣬Ѿһԭڿ汲۹ǶôȷҰ㵱ֵܣȴȻȥԱʬ⣬ҿˡ
ϽԳϸֳޱʹӣҲȻ
磬˵½ϽһΪġֹ嶼ᱻ¾ɾ磬ǿڵ鰡ʬΣҶȻġ
ߣϽԳһ˵ãĿԡһΣͻص磬һֱûҲˣΪʥԳһ֪ͼ塣ǣҪȺϣ
˵ϽԳ̾һ˵ʥԳһ峤еһУ԰ɡʥԳһʬ壬ǶȺ裬ԴˣҪһսˣ㾡ҵʬ壬еԱţҺ˭ʤ˭κ˲׼ɣֻһܹţ
Ը⿴ġ֪ʥԳһֻҪųһҪûκοصء
ϽԳһȭͷؿھ˹
ܣӭϽԳȭͷȥˡ
һ죬嵹ɳȥʮɣײľˤ䵽ϡ
Ϊʲô֣ѵ㿴ôϽԳȵ
ϽԳķһǺгġôǿ׳ǣҲѪӿ
磬ٽһ磬ֻҪҽˣҾͻĵġ磬ҪʥԳһʬ壬ֻҪһС֣һḶκεĴġ
ϽԳĻѾҪߵʬ壬ɵŭա
ûѾһȭѾԵֵ֮壬һأͻְɡ
˵ţϽԳȭͷͷʹ
䣡
Ȼһʵľ죬ٴηɳԶ䵽ϣһأûκεķ
ϽԳЩˣ˵ؿڣӲ˵ùȥһȭǱͷȥİȻûл֣ƾԼȭ򵽡
һ£ϽԳ֣û뵽ǿСֵȻӲһ¡
ųΪʲô֣ҪΪҵĻʹˣΪȺϣǻκ˳ֵġҶ֣֪ô֣ͬǶʥԳһӣ
վʱЩҡˣϾϽԳһҪλ
磬Ҵ磬Ҳܸ㶯֡ᶨϽԳ
ڴʱȻеԼϿмΪǿ
ã̫Ϥˣ罵֮˵
磬ܣܣسϽԳ
ȻӰסϽԳ·
үӢҵСӡߣ㵹ǽƻڵϲ˻Ϣ󷨣ԼȴܵˣΪܶùǵ̽ôүǷͷδĵ̽飬ڷϢߣܲˣ
˵һԶһǷӡߵģǻ塣
ٺٻЦ־أǴһ£ϻܵһ㻹ôõô
ϽԳôţɵŭʲôҵĵҰǲǻˣ
бһϽԳЦӴ⻹ֻСӰƢСëͦģ·Ҳǲġ
ϽԳܹӣʢŭ֮࣬һȭ
Цһ֣סϽԳľ޴ȭͷ
ϽԳ󾪣𿴶ֵСֽץסԼһָͷԷһɽһȻԼ·Ѻһá
ϽԳҪջȭͷȴԼô޷Է
СӣƾҲҶܵҵĳҿԿǷһ·
ԿϽԳŭƨʥԳһֻսսʿûбϥų򣡡
ɫһ䣬һѹϽԳʱоԼ岻һ
ϽԳôڶԷǰʵϵľ޴࣬ǵƾ־Ťתġ
ǵһϽԳһָǶˣΪ˲ǰϥϽԳȻȡ˼˵ֶΡ

ϽԳһŭһֺֻݺͷ


899 ϱ
û뵽ϽԳľһָܹĿаѣ֮Ϸ˷
ӭϽԳľƣݺһȭӭȥ
ǵһϽԳһֵֻĹҲ˴λĿֲȭȻǿᵽ̬ϽԳƶýǴλˣ
ŷһţϽԳؿڣϽԳ޴һ˳ȥ
ʶ̧ٵĶƤ㲻֪үжû뵽͵ȵ磬޶Լ
ʮջ𣬷ǰҪϽԳ֡
æɻһֱԱ߶ţϽԳ⼸̫ˣûзӦ
ۿϽԳȥչγ˹ȥ
ʲôأСǶֶ̧֣ıһơ
ʱѾ˲Ļˣоһɽһ֣涪ɹ
䣡
ɹڻİ±ըըĳ˻Ĵ󲿷һСӡıϡ
һӲһѪӿһûżȥϽԳﻹԭصϢ
ҪϽԳ֣һȥ
ʱѾΪݺݲϽԳؿڡֻҪһ²ʵˣȻϽԳá

һ𣬷һȭֱۡԱ쫷Ʒ磬֪һȭӲӡ
ĸҵϽ֣һܡ
䣡
ɾ޴䵽һΧĿռ䶼ҵĶѣ˼סΡ
ϽܵϽԳߣ飬ŷϽԳֻӲˣЩҪĵطϽӽָȡ˵ĵҩϽԳι¡
ʱĽëʥԳӰ׷ΧϽԳߣͻ۴С
ôĺӰ壬ˣסҰЩһˣЩëƤõҲǺö
ɭɭЦãֽ㣬ëСӾͽˡ
ż磬ԱܰɣǴ򲻹˰
ϽԳô᲻֪Щأ
ǣϽԳؿ˵ֵܣʥԳһȫ帲ûҲᶪԼֵܡߣҺԱڻ㣡
˵ţϽԳһͷһ쳹
ëʥԳһ׷׳צ
һȺӣ治֪ߵغ񣡡
Цţ˫ȭһ죬һĽëʥԳȭҷɡ
ǿƵĽëʥԳȻһ֮µذŲѣһ˲ʧȥս
֪ͻĶ֣ѰֶθûáǣӽָקͨԵָһƳ˵顣
նһȣХնȥ
Ե飬ҲҴ⣬ζΣŵĹۼסϽæ˭֪ƣŻһȭ
廹ǱȽϼɻȭģۼƴһȭϮ˫ִʮ֣һӭ
һ죬屻һȭʮͣΣҲҡ˼²סΡ
ھԲӲƴʱ
ٿͨԵĵ飬Ǳ߱ˣõοסͻǰ·ߣԼǴӽָͳϽԳͽëʥԳһװȻջص飬ЯеĽëʥԳܡ
ܵĹУϲ¸赲ͻ׷
󷨵谭ܿ˦˵׷һХкæźš
Ҫǿүһϵ鷳ˡϽԳǶųǲҪҶǷ󷨡
صϽԳߣǸ磬û뵽Ǵô鷳ѾúûϢˣܰǵϢΧĻϢ޷ǵģֻҪǱܣû顣
˵꣬ϽԳһϹתҪȥ
ֵܣôҪ߰ϽԳס
磬ЩҵңֻҪ뿪ˣһʱҲǣͻ뿪ġѾô鷳ʵǲ˼
˼Ƕ˶ԵġֻҪʥԳһϿɵˣܹϾǿǣ˵ˣֵ־һأͳݸ飬ǻֵܣ
˵ϽԳɫȻޱȣֵܣȷʵҪʥԳһô
ȴǲҪˣΪ㵼ʥԳһȫ˵ǾԲġ
ȻϽԳȴһҪ˵ΪʲôҪʥԳһ壬Ҫ֪ƵҩδؾͱҪĳ壬еǿġ
ֻøϽԳͣԼҪԸˣҪĵطҪ벽ԪӤڵĸ֡
ָֿɲܹҵģԼֻΪĸʣͱҪ嵤ֵҩֵҩܹ
½ϣҲûбǿޡЩһ㶼ͼģǵ嵤б֮뵤ҩУͻӰ쵽ʶȶԡ
ʥԳһûֱŰ֮ҩġԲŻ뵽ʥԳһʬ壬嵤
ϽԳˣɵͷ˵ԭҲЩͷˡֵܣ£ʵܺý
ֵ磬һһ˼һһ˼顣ͷ˼СܵСܺա磬Ȼҵİ취Ҫҽҹһúĵġ

ϽԳЦֵܣûǸֵýѣʥԳһô
ЦУϽԳ͵ץסԼۣһ춯صĺϽԳӲԼק
ѪȪӿһϽԳΡΡԼĶϱ۵ݵǰֵܣȥֻҪҪҲԸ㡣
ʧɫֹס磬Ǻοģ
˵ţϱ۾ҪϽԳϡ
ϽԳݺһƣƳȥ˼ֵܣҲֻܰЩˡΪ峤ұҪʥԳһϲ¡Ϊ磬ֵԸֵܣ߰ɣ֪ʱҪ㻹磬Ժҡ
˵ţϽԳһХëʥԳ׷׹̧ϽԳʧֵС
˫ϥһϽԳʧĵطݣ磬лֻҪ̽硣
ѪܵĶϱۣᣬ˿У˵ķλһȦķͷɹȥˡ


900 ҹ
žžͻݺݰ˿үĶ⡣
ͻǿԱǿ׳죬ôôᣬڿүǰ˴򻹵Сèһ˳
үⲻѾôǧ쵹ҪͻԲ֪үҪǻٴһĻӹѵˡ
үƳǧһۣ˵ôǵģͷѰңʾˣһ֪թ쳣ǸȾһʱŷѵôô
˵ţүٴκݺͻһۣŵúݺһ¡
װŵ˵үҺͻ﷢һëʥԳһЩӴûȣҾѰ˼ҪչЩܲˣҺͻʵӦò⣬ûеһʱʾ
ž
һְһ¡
ҽƱ磡үӶðˣҧгݵ˵ǵһ֪һ㿴˽ëʥԳëƤҪЩΪУ̰ŻĽѵ˵ô
ӣƨҷţֻܵͷĬ˿үжϡ
ĿһۣԿү˵ү˵ʲôûˡСӲ˻ϢĴڰպи޷⵽ϢҲ޷λãǵ취
С˵үȻǲúѣҵˣʥԳһ廹һǧѼϽԳҪܹõƤëǿɡ
ž
ҲһְһصĶ⡣
ʲôʱˣǶҪҴǳģҶǲˣ㿴棬ǸʱѾú˻Ϣ󷨣˵ҵܹҵʥԳһ壿ѵҪȥһѰô
һĶ֣һĶѣ
үͻúûػ¯ܱǿ
˵үҲˣ˵ʲô޲ˣ취ܹ׷ٵһҪġ
үǿѹסԼŭ𣬺ݺݵͻһ˵ȣһͦõĻᡭˣҲСӹ졣ߣСԼܣˣмҵģЩ˺Ͷܵô
ǧһϽ˵үⲻðɡϾ罵֮ˣҪǶϳ֣̫ð
үЦΪʲôأϣǳôˣҲвٵ˰ֻҪЩ˳֣ܿԼļҵͲ±޶ô
үϽʧʱƨ
ɿүһϸոеЦϾʧˡ
ٸҲܱһĻᣬҪͷҹϽҸ㶨ҹȥ
ŵһ£Ҳ˵תȥˡ
ҹԴӸ˳֮ˣûʱ򡣱ǵ۹ڲԨ۹һؾ
û뵽ҫȺɽϿһۣ۽˵ǩ˳֮ˡ
ѵĴ
ҹÿÿ뵽һ㣬ƵóԲ·˯ž
һգҹǿڷ뵽ţúݺݰѷƱˤһأû޵ʱ򣬾ͿҴææ˽
ү²ˣڰðһ˵үȥӭӡ
ҹһȶӶеת뵽һܣʵСô
ʱҲү
ҹʱһӲȻ»صϣ˶ȻǻϽ£͵
һ£ǳȥҹˡ
ҹ߷ߵ룬ʰʰһ
뵽Ȼ;ǰžµʯһ̧ͷԼĲϷѾһ󶴡
ڰУһб۾Լ
¿ɰҹŵòᣬôˣѵԼ겻ôЩǲ
ҹӣҲвʵǿߣЩ˷׷׷ϰգѿΧġ
ôĵӣȻҵүĵϡ
û˵곡滰ͼһ˦֣˵˾ȻѪ꣡
ҹһãҪܣһ죬ҹǰеȫƬ
ߣ벻ˣүĸȻ֪ӭӣŶԸңѵǻòͷô
ҹ˫һ̲סλˣ֪
ûҹʳͼ߹һֳĸӰϽүϹүСӲϵҲųˡ
ҹ͵ؾɤۣǸ͹ˣû뵽һݵģ治֪ʲô飬Ȼǵɷ
ү΢΢һüĸ䵽˵棬Ƥû̧ʵҹ
ҹҪˣ⻰æͷǣСҹڴǰ˭ҳأ
үЦѵ㻹أɣҪȥ
ҹһҳӵģϷˣţˣԼʲôأҹϽ£ƫ׼λү
ү̴ϴ׵λãһ˵ҹͷǲǰ
ҹ￩һ£һʱ䲻жЩ˸ʲôϵҲͲûشүĻ
ಣ
һӰ嵽ҹǰžž͡
ûүʻ𣿻Ҹүף֪ʲôʱҹǰ
ҹû޳ǰҲûôǱǶ˶ˡҹ֪ԼøϿش⣬ҪȻ»СҪܿˡ
أءشˣҲĳˣŴңҵĵ̣ɱҵʿܵĻҺ޲ó⣬Ѫ
үЦ˵йͬĵˡ㿪ɣưүŵġҹǺú˵
ҹĸ°ҲûطҪ򣬲Űҹ
үʾҹ£ЦģǼնɱġСӼΪƻڵϲ˻ϢĴ󡣵룬ֻҪ˹ĵ̣ǻֵģô
ҹ׿үʲô˼ˣ˰죬һԼֹĵ̰
үҲ빥ĵ̣̫ôˡƾԼʵ֣ĽܰҴˡ
ҹ¿үţϽү˵ԼؾĽ֣еʿſ֢Ҫ˵ؾ̣ûʼսˡ
үͷţ⵹ҲǸʵԨ۹ûбĵô
ҹϽȻˣеĵ̶ǿģͷȻǲ١


901 ں֮
үЦˣҹ˵ǾͺãǾͺáʱһ£ûʲôɣ
ҹˣԼĵ̣ٻֿܵһ£ɺã⼸ɷռọ̃˵仰ˡ
ҹ֪ھԵǿǰԼľֻͣ˵ɧ˵ǸһƾͰԼйĳƬԿүϹϾүʵ֪˶١
ʲôʱȭͷӲǰˣϸ׵ģﻹеӲţ
ȻԣȻԡλܹݰСֱСԡ붼벻Ķʲôλˣ͸ǰסԺˣһᾡľøλġ
ҹԲūŵϣΪ£ҲҪġ۵ص̣ΪνѪԶǾƥ֮£ɽڲûղҹΣʱ̵ѡ
үȻҹ̬Ⱥ⣬ҹģǼûȤǰˣ㻹۰һүúãүƺŻʺˣпܳΪʵۣҪôѡˡ
ҹһеĿ־ȫ˿ϲ
磬ĳǿɽǶƨֻҪү˶СָеһֻҪ˳ȥþˡʵۣԲΰ
뵽ҹͨ򵹣ͷллλˣллλˣСһ
үȴɫһֹסҹġ
Ȱ飡һ֪ͨĶͷ飬ñսʱ׼ĵ̡
ҹʱ¶ɫǲɿү飬øɡҹ˴˼Ƶ˼ҹ飬һȥ룬˭Ը
սǾ͸˵ˡ
ڱǩ֮˵ʱŪʯͷдŷǿߣԶ˵ʿˣӸ쵽²ʿһǿž͸βڿɺãսҵĽడ
ô죬ǲð찡ү˵⻰ŨŨĲ
ҹҵϽԼĶ˵˳
үͷ˵޷һ˵ӦͨѶİɣ
ҹˣܲܰǸ⣬첻Ǹ̬⣬ֻҪſүܲܳһ¡
뵽ҹóͨѶģȸȡϵ
ĿǰԨ۹ϴߵһһͨƺ󣬵ˣɢˣԪˣֻԼĵ̶ʧȥ˽ȡĻᡣ
ڽƽأӺȻҹԼ
벻ҹҹȴǲ䷳һӡ
ðѾƱˤˣҹϵû˵ҹв˼ҺúõȾƣôʲôϵң㰡˵ʲôϸ֮ƨܹһһ죬ûʱ㳶
õĶӣǰ緢ָ㽭ɽھȻ䵽ֿڻһһĵز
ҹͻȻͬĸоҲԼ˶ãҲһǷϡ
ӣҪϵ㡣ٺ٣ڸ࣬˭ôĻſؽȡܱסԼеĵ̾ллˡ˵еʱ㲻òѲ仰㣬罵ٵļǣҪԸ
ܣӶʱˣ㲻ˣҰɣǶȥ
⻰ʵүˣүʵǹǿܶȴǵġҹڿүԲɷǿǰǲϧԼ֮ʵġ
ߣ㰮ʵһܣһƾͰҵйĳƬˡλʵ֮䣬λܸ·ǿһλܣʵɲⰡģôǿı˵
Ǳ߳Ĭһһ£Ϲȥ
˵˶ӣҹĴ絽Ϸ˵ϷʾҲϹ絽Զʱ򣬳鷳
Զ˵ʲôæм˵ҹԸôھôڣǲ˻ˮԼԼĵͦõģȥбĵ̣Ǿȥɣǲôġ
ҹһ£⻰ÿүȫˣҹ¿үʢŭ֮°ѻ𷢵Լϡ
ǧٺЦҹùͨѶģɭɭ˵ÿϣʱ֮ڸϵȻٺٺ١
ɭɭЦ͸ͨѶģͬըһ㴫ԶĶС
ԶٸԼ¾Ǳ׺䶥һĸоһĿ־йͨȫԶһûסֱӾˣ
ͨѶģԶҪվǲܵġ
̫ˣҪǲնԷĻȥƾԷ¶һַ֣ܹҪԼ
ˣˣ׼ķҪҹԶܷȻ֪ôˡ
аʱӣϷԶȫҹ
ӺϷôΰ˿үˣԶֱſ˵ϡ
λˣˡСλ˸̧֣ˡС˵ĹʧɡԶϽޣģһܵо֮ͽ
һ˵ϿɣϣͲǳ֡ﵢʱ䣬Ҫ
ԶһϽվϷ࣬Զү˵ߡү˼Щ˵ı֣ҡͷôЩ˶һȺں֮ڵӡ»òЩˡ
үЦҲϻֱ˵ҪġλĶͷҲԹġڣҪǰеıȫóȥĵ̡ģȻм֣ܰɵǾ
ҹǱȽϼ黫ģ֪ôҲ㲻˵˽飬һġѾӼᣬȵˣһ£Ϳɹĵ̡
ӼȴеɣǰҲй϶ԸľÿһεĽһجΰ
үЦǰ£ôҲٵġǲҪɱһҪ壬ĵ̣Ͱ˭ͷԭԷ䡣
⻰ҹзеɫ̾ζʵ׳󣬾ζиԴԼӻ
˭᲻أ
Ƿ֮ĶټΥĺ׳־ӿͷǰһ˵λˣС̫ǲкôֻ˸ǳһСӾȻŪһʯ˷ǿԶίʵɺޣ
ү΢΢һЦʹ˸ɫ
ᣬϳգۼ䲻Ӱ
ʱ䣬ҹ˾;дһɾ磬һڵȻ


902 ʯ嶷
⼸˸Ͻ˼һ죬ֵǿʯͷѾǰ
ǧ΢΢ЦָһһֵĴʯͷͼǿͷѣǵһʯӡ
ҹΣ͵ػعζ
ųһŶԿүʩ񣺡ҲһᾡľΪ˰¡
ҹǰһ˵λˣǼһ龫Ϊ˰¡ӵ飬һܰɵġ
޷ǾͰľӵУֻԼˡǻҪ죬飬ҹͳһЭָӰɡ
үͺ˷գգ۾ʧˡ
׷ү˵үô⼸һ߯ˣ£᲻ˣ
ߣô᲻֪Щ˲ףֻҪرĵ̣Ʊػȥ򣬵ʱǲܹô
үһô찡ƨһĴ㡣
ﲻնɱҪ塣ʱܱ棬Ǿȥǵ۹￴һҪȡİ취һټ塣

ڿү˵ǵ۹ʱƵУѾ½ؽڡ
һ˵رߵɽΧһ㶼Ӳϵɽ뻷ƵġΧﶼǹͺͺʯƽأһ֦ʵƶˡ
һҲûɽӣ˵һָͷһֱֱָϡ壬Բ⻪ûκεֲϣһ˶ʯһ
壬÷龫²ڷ£Σķ嶥Ϸȥ
ķ嶥һԲĹ״ͺͺģûκαĶڷ嶥Ķ࣬״ĶѨڶѨڴһֻֻȸһСޣɸͣ
ѵࣿ
ɸԶĶȻôߴϵ֡
Щ״ĶѨȴ뾪࣬ЩС޾ֵ衣׼һ˹ȥһѾץסһࡣ
ôף
е⣬ѵⲻࣿǹżм
ôŪ֣˵ʲôûŪǿˡ
ӽָͳһƿСԴ͵ƿڣ˵Сһĭ
˭֪ŴƿһģĴƿȻ˵Ƭ
Сһͷ󣬿һ֮ȴǾ˰
𾪵ʱĻںݺһġ
ʱоӻڴһʹʹ֮£̲סһ֣зɳ
ǰδе飡
Լǿ൱ĵģǸĳǿ߶ϣûбһ²ʹС
๾Ȼ廹ҪӲͷųҲǾ˵Ĵ
ޱȵʱ򣬷ɳĵһͷһǿ⡣ǿ⿰һ̫һʵԵʸУϮ
æһƫͷŰ׵ǿմȻûоâĵطۣ
£߳ŭ˶ˣû뵽﷭ļζΣһ֮ȥ׷ࡣ
֮Բֱ׷СޣٸԼһǿ⹥һ¶һԼ壬ǿɲġ
֮׷ٶȺˣգۼ׷þ˰취ڿвͣתãͬƹ֮һθĺ档
֨֨֨
׷·ŵ෢˽Ľ
һ򣬺Ҫסе·ߣྪŸı䷽ʱһٴץסࡣ
ٺٺ٣СһǲҪˣңң㿾ųԶѽͷ֮ޣҺ壬㿴ץ࣬еĻôҲڸСһʶɡ
һأǽϻصĽѵƿס壬ڳĴָʳָסĲӣСһôҲĲˡ
ȴҽУЦСһͺɣǺƺҲûõġҲ˺㣬ֻҪңұ֤ȫ
˵֮Ȼ쵽ˣΧڶྐྵȻǵΧˡ
ಡ
һǿΧ£Ͻڰһǿϣͺڵȥһһʯӷ䣬µ䡣
æ֮Уʱ򣬺ݺŤ壬һɣ˵Ŀռ䣬ֺݺһ£ʹʱ֮زز
һ˦֣һŭۣȻôֵңǵģǻ֪үж
˵ţӽָקͨԵ
ˢˢˢ
Լܱ߼趯һâͨԵųȻâֵܵǿ⣬ЩâҲѲյëնҡҷƮ䡣
һȺС㣬Ҳǰը̣ʵ㣬Ȼͳͳɱ⿾˳ˡ
Ҳ֪ЩĻŵãʲôԭڰеȻȫϱ߷˹ȥ
û뵽ԼЦ֮Ȼ֮Ȼȫˡ
ۿߣֵιιܰҲɱǣҺвУ
ȺͲȥ֮£ֻͨԵȥ
Ȼ֣ЩȫɽʯС󲻽⣬һŻȻ
ԭһͻ¾ʯסһʮصɽɽڱֻһ˶ȥټʯ浲ţһѰ棬ͷֲˡ
ôȥ˵ĿռһСˡ
뵽һɽС
û뵽ɽнʮһ޴ޱȵĿռ䡣ռаɷԲиɫĹâ˸һֹ½ĸо
е࣬ȫе˶ڶʯϣԼԼ֮ϸУ˿˿ʥĹâֳ
СһĶܣߣ첲ӣһҪúýѵһļƣ滹治ץڣٺ٣˭Ҳܣ
ޱʱȻһƵķϮ縲ǵһܣҪ㿪磬ȴӲʯͷ
ۣ
Դʵʵײʯ档ʱײȥ˵ʲôҲײʯͷʯĽ
һأԴܽӴʯȻų𻨣ʯû£Դ졣


903 һ˫
һУʶƨСҲоʹʯͷӲôӲԴ޷ײơ
缰壬˿׼Ӳһ¹û뵽ǣԼ徹ȻʲôŰסû
עͷϣ¸ϽעתԼܱߡ
һһԭ屻ŵʯ

һֲ֣Լǰվһ˶ޱȵľˡ
ͨɫܱߵʯһɫʣסģ˵һֻ֣
࣬ΪʲôҪС˵ʮ㣬ɽصԴ졣
˵ʣʵ
ΪȷʵЩС࿪̣û˼෴ģЩСһ÷ǳǱ
㲻˵ʹĬˡãѵһǿļһ
ʱӵĺߣǰʱ·ƽһŭȻڱŰߵ¾ȳ˹¿Сôˣ
ԼСĴ󻵵һİεӢۣ
ûףȻоһһֲϷսһҪ
ȱƽϿ֮ˣ˫˫һţʱþ˵ֱȻ˫һϾһ
ſ˫ۣ˶ٸԼסھ˵Ӳſһռ䡣
Ȼ䣬˫һɣž˴ϵʱ˫۳ſСռ˳
һѾԼƽǣطɲܾϽ˳ž˴ֺͿռ䶥ķ϶˳
ιͷǸʲôģ㶫ɲ˭ܡ
գðմͬҪ˵̶ȣһжǳðա
ľ޴ΧʯļӲ̶ȣ޴ĴͷҪǿࡣ
һиĸоǽָ֮о෴ģǾЩɡûżһ
һͷ֫ǼӲʯȴŨŨḷ́޷ʲôǰʶʯǶͨʯɵġһȫһ
Ĺǵһο
ߣ࣬ǵĵ̣޶˴룬СС֣˵ܣŪ˭ǲǿҵͲҴأ˵
һ仰Ȼҭðûش
ͷ˵ûԼȷʵǴ˼ҵĵ̣࿪ŲСЦȷʵе۸˼ҵ˼ֻҲ̫ˣӾҪǿЩе㽲ס
࣬û˵˰ɣֻ۸СǿĴھ͵ͷࡣҲɱ㣬ȥϸȻҾϸԶٲͿСˡ
㱻ЦˣһϾ뿪Ⱦ̰ԼɲΪˣǲνս
ͷ㻹еĸо㣬ҼöˣһֱֻҲܴİ˸סˣүϿ챨ү²֮Ǵ£ƤЦͷ
ߣҵҪжסˣһ飬˵ܴİ˸ҾƾԼҲҳӡ
һ飡ùɵְŻΪǶôĵСԹ԰ôĿͷȻ֣
һָ׵ˣͺñһصĺȡһСݵһ
࣬ȻҳЦң򣡡һȻ֪ΪʲôЦһʯޱۣһɨ
ŲĿռ䣬ͲƴĹһΣܿһĺɨ֮弫ǰһڣȭͷԼǰͷһؿھһȭ
Ԥеľײûзȭͷݵһؿڵʱ򣬾;òԾˣΪԷؿڷ·ˮһʣȭûܵκε谭һ뵽һƵؿڵС
ң嶼ȫ굽˺̵Сǰ滹ûжٶȲһڣ
һճҺ壬סȥ·
˲䣬ϵȫΪҽоһ˿ĿֲסԼ
״̬ʯҺ
ˣһ϶ɵģһʯ壬һǻ塣ʯɲֲͣĸ°ʯڻʯð̣Ƶӡ
ģǻڻʯĻϲ֣
¶ȿɲܳʱֿģ
뵽Ҳ˲Լ٣ϽɹȻקͨԵתɱ
䣡
ɹըڵҺ̬ʯסȴɹıըһ¡

Һ̬ʯһŻĴӵ·ϡ
һˢˢˢͨԵڻĴ˼ѿڣ˳ѿ˳ȥչΣɻصһĿռ䡣
ζɣһִֻİ˸ôôһغ·ûˣ
ʱǳɫϽӽָͳһ·ϣСս裬ûз
һʱ䣬еѻˡ
һ飬үֻǴˣǻˣҪǲúýѵ㣬㻹֪ߵغˡ
˵ţһͨԵХŴͨԵгĲٿ£ʯһһز
ǻڲλһĶãһ߲ٿص鹥һ߷ȭһͷȥ
һؿڲӿҽЩҽ˻ģһ
ÿһնһĻߣһҽ͵ȥҽߴһزڳͣԵʵʩ
ǱߣǴù񫣬һͷĿ̫иͶ㲻ȭ
ۣ
һͷͺƿһһȭһǼǺݺҵһͷ
˰죬ֱۣһܲˡȭ£һ̲סֱС
ʮҽΧס˵飬ۿҽҪѵûȻԼļתпҽһϡﻩ
С飬ǲֺĸоϽǸһῼԭġռϷ磬Щĸоˡ
䣬޴һȻһ̮ˣͷ֫ȫû뵽ɵС

޴Ȼѳ޴ĻЩ򼫸ʯʸУ˿ˣһĽΧ


904 ʱԻ
ιιιҪʲôɣʶԣղžϻҲûŰһɵֻѵһ£ڿ˼ˡ

һ޴ҹо޴ʸкޱȵ¶ȣȥӭϽζαܿ
һʣĻе·ߣʼ˷Χ׷½ء
һ߶һ߿ŵնЩ
𾪵鷢ˣ鵹ܹնЩ򣬲ÿһƥնǱƤһ£գۼͻָԭ
һ룬ô¡һ黯ɵЩʵʯͻں϶ɵһֻ塣
ںкܴĺôһʯ幹ΣСܵǿҵĹʯ巢α䣬Ͼܹڻʯ޸
ֱ޷ܵϰ
ۼ޹ֻðѵջأԼٵθһ
ȥҲǰ취˼Ӧ֮ߡ
ȻۿԶǽϵ࣬ЩСһǽϻ䶯ЩСһһ
ЩСһͦյģȻԼյطҪǣҲôǱ
뵽Ⱥ
СһǣǵͦڵİˣңҲùˡ
һҲ˹ȺһãϷ׷׷˶ڡ
ķ룬ʥĹâʢһ˸оޱȰĹâɢŰ֮Ĵȡ֮һ񾲵̬
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龫裡
ϲû뵽ⶫȻǽڱϣ־ȥ龫衣
𶯣һ˲ָԭͣԶĵطʢȵ
ߣֳڴүҵϣ˵ͲˣƫҪ˵ţָһη龫衣
ָոմһη龫ʱȻеһɼλ񱩵ɿ񱩵ִδйΣոо
ʶָȴˣ֣һεķ龫边Ȼŷ۵Ű׹âޱȿֲҪըˣ
ʱҲɵˣ
û뵽ôһķ龫裬Ȼ̲ôֲ
Σʱ̣ɢ۹âķ龫ĿˮҺû£ǵҪըķ龫âָֻԭ΢΢ͷʥ׹âӡ
˿̲ס˰ѶͷոǾյһ˲䣬亹ֱð
ǳҪһη龫豬ըͻķ龫Ӧеķ龫ȫը嶼ҪΪƽءһ߷˵
˼û뵽Ϊҵ³çǸһдϵִˣղŵΪȷʵ̫ˡ
һҲ滺Լ̬ȣˣû£ҪȻûˣҲҪҵҲʧȥ԰ûѾõĽˣҰҡ
һ鶼ЩƣһһϢһ졣
ͨһĽ֪ʵϾǵҽһαŰ緢ӿγɵʯɽ塣
طͬĵطҽӿǴֱеģһֱҽڿѸȴγ˶صķò
Ϊҽǳ⣬żߵǿȣ޾УµҽҪ緢ȴѹס
Ϊγɷʯܵһ飬ԵӿҽͳɵĵطߣԺΪиݣ˳ݱԵչγɿһռ䡣
µҽ̺żΪʣܹۣγ̲ؿֲʡЩʸҽҽȴʱͷγ˷״ʣʱţеʧγ˷龫Ķ
һʯĲ֣ʵϾ͸ʻ϶ɵģڸҽе໥γڵӡ
龫Ǻö˵ǸǳΣյĶһﴥʣͻᷢըٵġ
ҿޣԷ龫Ϊʳű֤пֲİ
ˣ͸һͣʵԼ»ʲôҪҺԼҩƷʡǰ󾭹˵һ飬ϣһܹһæ
һ޾УѾγ൱Ĭ˵óϿңʶ
һ齻󣬱ͳĴƿһƿҺ
ΪرռҺܱ߲󷨣ܹ֤ܹŵͰֻһ
Ǳһ飬ԼһĿꡪ½Ͼͷʱ̶˹ȥ
ʱ̶Ǽڴ˵еһط˵½͵ʱһȶĵطصǳʱﲻռңһʱϵĴҷ
ʱ̶ʱմҲǿһЩ½ĸ֣ںܳһʱΪһĺõط
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ǵ֯˴ԱѰңȴҲһȥ޻أʱ̶ͳ½ֹ̽õĵط
ȻֻϵĹ涨˭Ҳĳ֯ȥ赲߽ʱ̶ֻҪ㲻ԼİΣû˻㵽Ǹطġ
ʱ̶֣ŲǺܴ󣬿½ϲȴŷԲɵԶԶоǰʹӿ䵽˵档
ֻ޾ĻɳûκĶڡڿж첻з磬һƬš
ͷųʶ׽ļ󣬾ͳķ߹ȥţȻоΧľ´䣬һгǰЩУչսʿڳеĳǽѵϡ
ϵĴ֣Ȼһ˶һĿӳһ˻ת˵òһ
ӣûǱӣ
ԼնɱļһȻȻһ̲סͨԵקС
Ȼƺϵһ㣬һתͷȥķ
ô£
ʹգգ۾ǰһоԲΪۻġס˱ӣˣԵ쳣ᣬԼǵ۹μʱҪᣡ
뵽һֿܣѵԼıӣĳʱƬΣ


905 ǯʴ
ûģ϶
˼ʱڱӰصĳǰ˴ľӡ
ֵ˸𾪣ͳӽӵľȻӣ
ûдаѳӵĴӵ򱱻ӵĳз˽
ڣ꣬Ѫ֫ҵս˵ս顣
أս𲨼ǰЩĻ棬ȴûоΣյ٣һжǻһ龰ûʵ˺á
뵽Ųǰ߽սС
һӰӹһöö߱ըûע⵽Ĵڣ·ⳡսʵޱȵģһսе顣
пսпʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬սĽֿһϤӰǱߵĺʹߣ
԰ƶϣӺ̵ʱ򣬺ʹ߲Ӧóʱΰ
ɵʱ򣬺ʹɭɭһЦһ
ͫȻʹŵģԼĶػͣ
õĻ棬ⲻģ
ԼɵȵʹζһЦػԶʱʱԼԼĶչʹ׷˹ȥ
ʹػͣ첻ǰšŬ޷׷ϡ
֪˶ãս׵һϤĳչǰ
壡
Щһһɵļһһسǰʹػͻߣ˲࣬קͨԵһһǰͳ塣
ֹĿֲڣͨԵһһŹӰʧǰٶһûػ͵ĺʹߣȴԽԽԶ
󼱣ȫٶ˼ʹ׷˹ȥںʹߵӰԽԽۿžҪ׷ϵʱ
ȻоԼһ޴һɼתƮķ
֮䣬ŬǺܴȻоǹʧԼһɽһĻС
ˣոԼһУõġõĳһĿģǾǰԼǸĵط
ľжϣӦһС͵ĿռԼתƵǰС
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ʶʯڣ޷ȥֻǰķܹʶǰС
ٿʶǰ̽һξ룬ǰ޾һ㣬ʶܹǰУȴ޷ǰ
ʶǰ̽ˡջʶתͷһһֲſĴ죬ӦԼ͹ĵطǸûг·ġ
ڣҲΨгǰܹг·
һ£ͨԵСйߵĵطȥ
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ΧһƬţֻͨԵڵϣ˲
оֵǣŨĴУȴйԼԼ˸оޱȡ
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ⶫµĵط޾Ķֿһ壬Ӵǯʴһӵϣ˭Ҳ޷ֿ
ǯʴ޵Ŀֲ֮ĹֻҪڶֵ棬ͻһǯڶ̶סԼȻлһʴܽҺ嵽ֵ档
Һ岻иʴԣԵĶءǯʴֻҪֻܹ棬Ͼܰձһѿݹǡ
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½ߺʦһ취һִȾԼǿҩǯʴϹſסǯʴ޿ӵͷ
Ĵѹ֮£ǯʴ½û뵽ط֡
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ǯʴ޳ٶҲ죬û־缰壬ǵͷɾϳ壬˲һֻĸо
Ҳ֪˶ã趯ͨԵٶ΢һ£ᣬǯʴߣ˳Ľž
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΢һ񣬸ǯʴ壬ԽԽʹо̼Ƥ
նɱ޵ĸѾûκεˣʼӦ֮ߡ
ǰ½˶ԸķþöҩЯĶҩδؾܹɱеǯʴޣΪⶫʵֲ̫ˣҩǣҩǾԲġ
Ȼ뵽һ취취ܹжҩһҲ˷ȫʹó
ӽָͳҩѴԼࡣôɲɱöҩ뵽ڣٰѶԱƳ˳Լĺë׳ͿԵǯʴԼԡ
ҪҩĻ϶˷ѡͨŽ⣬Ѷɢ棬ǯʴ뵽Ҫ˵ǿĶԣ
Чֳܿˣǯʴ޴ųĶأϵ䣬ǯʴȴһףϾµǯʴͬλá
䣬ϣٵ䣬ٳϡ
һΧʬ壬ҪûؿڵλˡǯʴޣԼͬʬŲǰϳ塣
Ҳ֪˶ãҲǯʴߵɳɳˡ
Χȫǯʴ޵ʬΧŲ壬ǯʴ޵ʬмǰУһֱ߳ɣǼûʬĻ
Ȼ˶ڣոոǯʴ޵ĽȻûмҵĲɱɾ̵ľĶǣ˿һս


906 ǧ
ͷһǯʴ޵ʬѸĸйٳʵ̫ˡԹһ£ЩʬΪλġ
Щ£ҿԼû˷ѶҩҪǲȡҩķʽ²ɱôǯʴޡ
ϢһоԼָ˲٣˳ɽǰߡ
ѾʧˣоЩ⡣Ϊ֪ǯʴɵģЩС޸ɵŨŨûκιϵôǰߣʧأ
ոյԲǻþΪ֪ԼʪˣҪǻþĻ
ȻǻþǲԭҪֵˡܹ޷ǾһΧΪ
˵Χˮˮ֮
һ֣ĳɵĽ
ΧĹ۲ȻɴĿܱˡôʣµһֿܾĳְصŨΧ
ֽͲͨķΧģ鲻ôӣĿķǳʳеܵвѶǱڵΣʵйĿǰʳĿԲ
Ϊǯʴ޹ɹͳһѹͷû޻һѹͷʳǱڵ޲ʳ
ǾֻʣһɣĳǱصĴڸܵвŻ
Ȼоһâڱĸоָоͺһ˫Թ۾ԶԶסԼһ
̧ͷԶ;ǰһƺһ˫۾һš
Ȼֻжݵһ˲䣬ڼ˫۾ĴкСһ˫۾Χͨ죬ںͮͮ۾룬һޱȵĺɫͫס
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ڼУ޵۾ӡ
ӿٶȣĦ۾ʧĵطܣȴע¡ͻȻоһգ弫׹ҪԼηȥȴ洫˾޴ŬϷɵȴá
һ·ߣһĵ档
һϤĳ룡
ǵãţԼ죬ȹһηǳõʱ⡣Ȼһһ۵е磬ң
ǰ׶
תͷһ׶˵СϹ飬һεԼԽԽԶ
ͨԵ׷ϣܳȴӲͣס˽Ų뵽˸ղſʹץסػ͵Ļ棬ĳƣֻǱˣɱ任ȻԼ޷ˡ
ش磬ңش磬ңҡ׶һ˻ߵĿ޺ҧ
׶ĵطȴʶͷųΧ˷ǵ̽顣
Ȼʶ׽ԼǰһʶĲ˳ʶطһصͨ
һŭ˳ʶ̽鵽ͨ˹ȥ
䣬ͳ嵽ͨľͷȻͨͷľٴˡ
һпյĶѨӶѨǽеȫ쵽Ѩмλá
ΰһסˣȴڵѩ
أءˣʵڼֲסˣҡѩɫɷףԵʮ·һĺ
ʱ絶ʣἸ֪һжģ׵ܿѵľȴǴĵط
ѩô£ôʵ
ңҡҲ֪ܲˣ죬ҷѩ˵ţȻԣһѪѩʳ
ãһ£Ͼ㡣첽ǰ嵽ѩߡ
ѩŵסҪѩųҪŪ
һִֻҪϣȻоΪִһҲûʸУ෴ģһճĸо
ʶҪֵʱеҵҡΣҡȴûз죬Ƿ˵Ӱ
һЩȫ˰͸˿ߣЩ˿ÿһξһ͸ճҺ
ٿѩٿһ´ѣҲ֣ӿϸȣ˳Ű͸˿Զ
û뵽ɣѾ쵽ԣɻҪ뵽ǧ
󾪣һԼ֣ȴû뵽һȻ˳ճҺֻûа˿ճҺĿơ
͵һǧ³һճҺճҺڰѸᣬһʮ˿ϲƹ
ճҺԻһղ˿ȴǸ޷͵˿߿
˿ת˼䣬
ǧ³˼˿һ
˿żõԣȻܹ˿ȴ޷˿ϡ
ߣǱνˡǧ˿ܹϵģҪⶫôױϣͱ޸ɵˡ
ֹͣǧ˵ǧô֪ҵһеģ
ǧĿ˵ҪлĦˣǸһʶ൱˵ãͨ˻ޣֱӾܱסʶ쳣ǿˣҲܴʶжеļ䡣ЩȻᱻǺúˣ
ͷţΪʲôôĻˡһ㲻ףʱ̶Ħĵ̣ôأ
ߣҪʱ̶ΪУɣԭȷʵĦԼĵ̣ôģܶ󲻵
⣬ҲǾ֣ʱ̶߻ޣҪͱҪĦǿʶһءֻҪĦԸ⣬ǧǯʴޣǸġ
Ȼ뵽ǧ˵ҪռǾ仰
֪ˣ߰Ǵģƶ˵
ǧһ˵ȻҲܱµǹˡûٶǰмŵֵǯʴ޺ң׼ɵĦһ
ţʱԸһ£ǿΪٶȣɺû뵽⵽ǵķɣ
ǧˣҲ֪
⻹ôӵǯʴ޺ǧҪǲĻĦǵֵסġĦʹֶΣʶǯʴ޷ˣЩȫû
ԣġǧеʧĸоЩҲǲŻ֮ˣǰеȫ뵽ˣǵ͹ĦʶޱǿʵϸĲ²ССĲĦӰ쵽ߵʶǱ˴˲ɱŻŪ


907 ˼
ҲǧͣЩĻ
Ħ϶ûþЩɱǯʴ޵ǯʴ޹֣ǧҲԼ޹Է
һһҵǯʴ޺ǧȴҴ
ǧĦԼǿʶǯʴ޺ǧֱʱ̶ͬĵط
Ժдʱ̶ߣᱻĦյĦ֣ܹһˡ
ֲýʱ̶ֻ˽û˴ȥˡ
Цһðǽʳ⣬ܹ̣ĦǺơ
ǧ߲һôǯʴޣлҵߣγǴﵽԼĿģһ˵߱ĦǯʴǱ֣ɻһ͵͵ţߡ
⻰ƿˡĵն棬κһֶȲ࣬Ҳ޿ʵ
ĦҲóԶܲΪǯʴޣĦͲҪʳ˰ʵ
ߣԴҺǯʴˣĦᵣ⣿ֻҪҪͻ޾ʳǼʮ겻ˣҲжԡǯʴôּ࣬ǿûʱǾͳǡ
ˣǯʴûʳʱǿԳһЩάģǵķֳرǿĦȫʶյǯʴ޹ԵҲָǧһЩѾγ໥Ĺϵ
ĦôϵģôҵǸһ
ǧ͵һ˵㶼Ҫҿ֮ʳˣЩʲô
ٺЦҪ˵ô϶֪ʲô𣿾ȡĦԽƵҩΪĦ͵Ǹʳôʵϣ赲һ¡
ǧȻһæ˼ΣûʲôŹЦͷˣȻôӲҵҪôһصġ
΢Цǧһϵ
ʲôǧʵ
ಣһƥһĹâ𣬵ŷϵ
ҵͨԵĵ飬ֻҪһͻƵ˿ԻҼǿãԵޱȷն֪ûЧأ
ǧٸдͷŵ³˿ڿмתɵߵ˿תĵնһؽص䵽ϡ
ۼ˿ãǧתܣХնգۼ䣬ǧͱʳһ⽴
ٿŵԼϵ˿նϡɽ˿ȻһⶫǺöдô
뵽һɽе˿һʰúŽ˽ָС
Ϣʱ̶н
Ĳ룬оǰԽԽ࣬ǿҲԽԽӦǽӽʱ̶λˡҲ˵ĦҲǰԶˡ
нʮоڸĿռ䲨ÿһռ䲨пһռÿһпһ壬òʮСģһһӡǰн
ȻһһĻڰи֣һſͷʾһ
˫һɫͫ׵Ļ۾ȫע
üΣҪӵȥӲסˡΪ֪һУҲǻͷǡóǰ棬ֻҪ嶯ˣ㲻þͻ嵽С
֪УܿʮԴͷǰһĶڣ棬һػһĶ
ȻɢɢĻУһϤӰ֡
һʱ䣬·𴩹ʱ°Լһֹһ飬ǰеƬΣһӰȫˡ
֪ǸԽԽ
ȻӰͻأ٣ү壬ǧҰСѩػͣĺͣɳƽ֪ˣȫү˲ڽ¡
ѩ˷˺ѷε˻үȴһЦѡ
үɭɭЦڵȵˣºˣе˶ˣ
ſүЦ˶Ϥʹɱ֣ѪɣѪɺӣϤ䰮һҽŵ˵ϣðѪס
㲻ͼôôˣĲ£Ѫû㵹ǹѲ°
קͨԵһᶨ˹ȥ

һŭ𣬱ſү˳˹ȥ
ڳڵһɲǣζȻתתһ£ԭ·ءͬʱںһݺݱպˡ
͵سպ϶ڵҷ˹ȥٷнУͨԵ߸߾𣬺ݺǰ
貵ĵâƥһɳһİǰţͬСϪѪˮǰʹ

Ѫˮ͵ıǣγһХľΪӭѪ˳˹ȥ
ǻѪˣѪûиκεĸо
һ˶ĺڰռǰڰԸܵһ궯Ӧþʱ̶λãĩˣָ
۾ھ޴ڰռֳ︡
Ħ㻹ǱĹƻ֮ˣֶܶΣöҲûˡѾˣ㻹˼ʵĿô

ڰĿռȻһ޵ٺ棬ռʱֹĺ⡣
ں֮£Ħͷ͹˵ˣһ䷿ݴСȴǸӺˣһ¡Сɽһ
û뵽ᴳˣǯʴ޺ǧԺҶܹǿˡͨļ䣬֪ΪʲôģûΪԼ뷨
ҡҡͷЦʲô飬Ҷû뵽ԼᶪҲʲô⣬Ҫõģһõ
ǺǺǣҲѹְ˶ҶԿοĴءҪǣܶеļ䣬ܹԵĶԲߡȷʵĶ֣ҿ԰סҲġĦ˵
Ŷ⻰ʣҼҪͬھģûһܹɹġѵʲôرֶΣ
ĦҡͷʲôֶΣܰ޷ԵĵֻҪܹסЩ˵Ҳɥ֮֡


908 ֮
ˣɵһ
Ȼ֪ĦָʲôԼļ֪үѰԼԼҲͬʱԸˡ
ֻҪֶԸĦͻӰԼǿʶӳ䵽Уү˻׾ٷֻ֣ҪĦϹʱ䣬үϵܱյĻУүÿΧ
û뵽ȻķҲ湻ݵġܰסôʶޱǿ󣬵ôٺٺ٣ǾͲҹάˡҵǾԼʮ֮ܰеȫꡣ
˫۾˵Լжϡ
ǺǣûҲͬжϡˣʲôطпԽĦ̲ͬش
˵ռ֮ɵתͷռĦܹЩȷʵܹԼܳһʱ䡣
ΪҾһʤľôΪҾͱҪôҳڵʶǱĬҵ岿һָӡҲס㣬罵֮ʰ㡣
Ħ˵꣬۾ɫȻϺɫϺɫУ·Ļ
еĩˣһĬĬƶĦĸҪͷ۵
һͨԵһâĦľȥһŲâȻȥ֪ȥˡ
˰ɣеĹЧɱңûмʱģЩʱ䣬㹻罵֮˸Ϲˡ
˵ţĦһƵĺźһǿʶ˳߼ȥĦӰʾǿʶͷţһᱻү˲׽ֻҪ۲죬һ֪﷢ʲô顣
˭֪ȻͨԵ˫ֻǰЦЦؿĦ
ôܻüѾоˣѾע⵽ͷųʶˡӦþ罵ٵǼˣãǾͻΨһѡ񣬹
һ˵ĦúܺЦôҵ뵽һ취ܹõҪģңܸ罵֮鷳
Ŷû뵽㻹ִ㣬Ͳ֪ʲôܹܹ˵ģ˵ҲҳʶĦ˵ģΪļп罵֮˵ɵ
ٺ٣ҾıȷʵЩɱӦǸܲľ档
ĦһôҲû뵽Ȼô뷨
ӽˮ˰ɣļôУЩ罵֮˵ʶҲͬǺǿҳϣʶǹǿļôʶܹӰ쵽罵֮ô
Ħһ˵Լʣͣ޴뷨
ڰֵ˵ǽҵ罵֮˵ǰµģ룬ʶӵһ𣬶ܹٿʶһвȫô
Ħһʲô˼ѵѵסҵʶ
һ˿⣺֪˵ûУһһȫҵģǿʶȻ£ܲң̫ˡǿʶûһʵ壬ǿ¥ѣ
㣬㡭ҵʶ˵ƾܿƵġĦЩţԼʶĵġ
Ǿͷϻ˵Ǽµİɡ
˵ţеʶ˫мĦ۾ȥĦоһɰʶԼ˫ӿԼʶʶӿȥ
ҪĦﻹ˵ϲٿеʶȫգӿʶԿ
֪Ħʶ쳣ǿҪԸѰʹÿĦвͨġ
ҪĦҪȡǳֶΡ
ҵĦʹʶȡʶһķÿ˲סⲿʶȻⲿʶݸĦޱȵʹС
Ħеȫʹĸоס֣ܲˣˣҡ
ĦΪʹʱѸҵĦƼܵʶλǲȡȫʶһĲԣܿһҲסˡ
һƣÿĦȫסˡƿĦ֮Ħȫ䣬ܹļ֣ܲĦмȫĨ
ڣĦͳ׵׳ĿˡʹһĦļܣַЩӲЧǺܲġ
ϤĦʶܵʱȻмӰŵٶ߷ɹٶȣӦǿүɡ
Ħıǿſү˵ĵ
סֻҪСӴҪϧһд۸ҵסֻҪסʱ䣬ǾͻϵסĻǧ˷ˡС쳣ƻǧ򲻿ɵġ
ӦһͣԭأүŻǧ켱Ҵ߽
үһǸôﻹҪ棿е㲻ףүʵ
˷ǳ򵥣ǲ˭Ҳ͸ʵʵôҲôɲ⡣ҪӲƴĻǼ⣬ؼӲƴŻѰһܣѾԹٿˣһȽϺá
ǧ쿴˵үְвٵĿռôĵط
Զʱھγɵһĵؽ磬ʱ̶һʽĵطôγɵģҲ̫
ǧȻ˵үǿǶӰͨһʶγɵģ˭ᴫӰأ᲻թ
үһ˵ҵƲ⣬ӦһֽĦ޷źšӰӦҪĦ޲ŻϢݳСһ㣬䲻Ӱ쵽ΧҲҰŵԭ򡣡
үСģҸоǰǳУûоĻǰӦʱ̶λãĦӦþȻʮֵֽס˿үǧ죬ֱǰ
ˣǧָһӰеһ˵ţǧһ߳ˡ
ǧ廹ûȥͱүһקء
ǧЩүʲô˼
үһ˵ǻ׷ȥͻ뵽ռУȻ˺һʱǱصߡ


909 Ǳ
ǧ˿үĻһ
⵹Ϊүʵܸ߶ηУΪү⻰ǰ̧һΡ
Ҫ֪⼸ɶ罵֮ˣɳԸһˣǰŵһܸߵλá
ǧ켸˵˼£һΣ̸ЦͿԸɳһСδЩܣʲôԭ򣬱Ͼܵģèһ
ɿү˵͵С󣬾Ȼè壬Ӹǽܲ˵ġ
ү֮ϣڱǿ׳ôܲǧԾô
Ȼүͣ˽Ų˵ҶСĵ㣬Ҹое㲻Ծѵܹƿռôⲻܰ
һ˵үǰ̽һǸҶϺ󣬼ʲôҲӦ
үһ£ͷţ壬ǧСġ
èСǰߣүǧ˽ŲԶԶŻӰ
ۿŻಽӽҵĿռλãȻڻǰеһĶ⡣
ү;ȵ壬
شүģǻıȣж۵Ĺ
ǧһҪȥæȴүһס𶯣˹ƻ󣬵ûΣգȥֻԽԽæ
ͣס˽Ų䱸
Ȼ˸оԼĲһľԼ˴
үǧЦһ˫˫ӭ˾ϮĹ
δȫʹү͵ظоԣһסƣһߺססǻ壡
үܹշ磬ջԼĹƣǧȴô̵ʱ޷ȫջء
һ·һ㣬ǧͶԷݺײһ
ǧһʮ󱳺ݺײ˶ڣԷҲùɳʮˤ䵽ϡ
壬ôôԼ֣˶Էӣǧ̲ס
嵹ãȻ⣬Դʵүǧ죬ôܵҵǰȥˣ
ǧ̣ȴүס
壬˵˵㶼ʲôүʵ
үҸղţȻ͵ϮңҾͳȥҪסСӣõǹһסСӡû뵽׷ŴҾͱһɿռˡҰ˿ռֹҴ򣬾һ·˭֪Ȼǡ
үԳ鴤һ£СӲ򵥰ȻܹûӰǵǡոǿƻ⣬Ӧþʶջ󡣡
ʱǧҲ֪˸ոշΪĹʵүǼȻʶǿģҲһǰô࣬ѵôǿʶ
үЦҲǸոףĦʶǿģһֶΰĦԼʶӵһӰ쵽ÿˡ
ǵһܺߣԴиܵģϽʵүӦӦأ
ߺߣҵŪɳ׾Ǹ֮ǰܹЩֶܣھȻһѡŲ֪ԷٰɣһӲֻҪ˵ʶǿͨ磬СӾĦʶӣ
үͺǧүѸԵʶ˴͸˹ͨΪһ壬һʱ̶λá
һ·ϣһ󲻶ϳ֣еʮƵӰеצӣүֱѡӣ첻Ħ̾λȥ
ҲòǸѲĶ֡үЦÿصĿռǰ沼»ǹǷֿûСӲŻõİϷôˣ罵֮ˣֶΣ첻ʵԵ˺
һ˶˵Դϸ֣Ӱеһ˵ҵȻ֪ˣΪһΪͰʰˣⲻҵ̣Լ̣ûȻôԲУô罵֮ˣҲôɣ
ŭָĻСӱ⣬ֶθ棬б³úôһ
һɻ͸ӷŸɾ㣬ʲôһǾֶˣ磬˷蹷ܻһӵϣûԶٵģ˵ʲôƨ罵֮ˣǲӶ˰Ҷ죡
ⷬɰѻǧˣ˻ôֱ׳ûˣ⻰޷ǰ˶۸٣ǰ
үһüͷ˵嶯ĸģɺͳȵţһˣ㻹ô⣿
λң˵ôôأôţϲǵָо
үӺߣֻ֪ȡ裬Ծ͵ͷԻ䳰ȷŲˣһ˼ǰߡ
ڣүߵǸ޴Ŀռλá
ߣ㻹ʲô˵ģղųǲǺܹ񫰡ڶµϳˣ㻹ʲô£ʹˡүŵĵ·ʮֵ˵
ҲǾȻҵˣˣˡҾͲˣƾʲôΪԼӮˣ
ϷʵĻһһڰиֳ
ߣǰҶסôôĶȥˣǲǺİƽôǺãǹҧҰ
ڰеһ󣬰ڳһޱŵүƣ˵ǧߣǿүҲˡ
ߣ⣬ʱûԸ㣬ˣǿռֻҪǾ㣬Ҳˡһ벻취죬ʮ֮أҾͲ벻취ʰ㣡үݺѹס嶯˵
ӴһҵˣǿԲҪҺţȻ취Ըҡˣôû뵽һأôģȻǾ͸ƴˣ
⻰˵ĺǱΣɻ˭ó˵٩ζ
Ϊ˵ǣ˵ƴˣľ͸жˡ
һĻӰצſү˾͹
СģСӵĻӰǼڿռеģҪ嶯ЩӰ֣Ȼᱻռеġ
ү˶ߣϽʾǧ졣
ǣеӰǲףһǰү˳
֪ô£˭Ҳ׹ӰҪǱˣ˲ʣµ˾Σˡ
ǿүԼ£ʵҲûаհ


910 ͷ
һռ޼ɵү˺ֱײ
˶֪Կֻüٵζ㿪һĳ
һʱޱȣԼ罵ٵ˰ӦǺһɤ򷽽Է鶥ĤݵĴ
ڣȻʵ嶼ûһ׷ϴͷġ
һǿΪʹãôĶʲô°
ŰĻ岻ǿ̲סòͣбԼǿҵĲ
үǿһߣͶĦϣҪŻĦ塣
ƺԴ׼ר˼ռĦΧתƣֻҪүܿлӰڵϾͷڿүм䣬үֻҪĦ߹ͻһͷײϺüռ
壬嶯ֻҪֿСӾûа취ҵҪֶܹãֻҪлᣬǾͻһʤүʱҲû˺⣬ֻѰһᣬû취ҲֻܰοԼͬ顣
Ұðǿ˭ȼֲסھͺ޹һ˵޹ܰ޵ĹȰ޹أǲż룬еʱ䡣
峹ʧȥˣүĸǲףӳŭˣҪλڳ嶯

帩£Ħ巢һ
ӭ˻壬ɽһһʧӰ٣ǰѻ˽
Сģү󺧣ϽȥҪ壬Ѿˣ屻ʧȥټҲ֪͵Ķȥˡ

еĿռүƹүҵϽ
ǧ죬ǧСģүԼȴǶǧĴ쳣ġ
ˡ
һΡΡһŰ׵Ĺâ
飡ǧ죬ӣүԼʮռŪæңȴûʱԼϽʾǧ죬ܸǧ˺ġ
ѣǧҲ֪Լ鷳ˡ屻ռߣģ䲻󣬵Ҳ֪ʲôʱܻ
үʮռסʱ޷ԮǧˣǧֻԼԼˡ
Хڰлһߣƺֱӹǧ죬ǰǧŲ·߸ס
ǧ첻뵶ԿֻչŲһǧĿռԽԽСˡ
ղŲҪʰôڳˣʰҵ˵ʲôֶΡ
ڽǧ죬޻ڵһȭ
ǧѾסŲ·ߣۼһȭܣֻҲӳһȭƴ壬ƴʵ
һ죬߾룬ǧǱ߶ľ롣ԣǧԺ䣬ԳԿġ
Ҫǣǧеڹһ屾Ҫһ£ɵȴףն
ǧֻñһܵĹ
ոնһնЦˣͦģٳһȭ
ǧһȭ˺󣬿ͨһ£ǧһȭΪ˶ܵûеۼڶȭһҧȭٴζϡ
䣡
һ˿ûˣǧɾеˣһᣬ˺ʮߵľ롣ǧؿڼҪըˣ봭ǵ⵱ڣХֹˡ
̫ˣ˵⻰Ĳǧ죬ǧûʱָɣԼæ˵⻰ǿүʵڿ۸ǧ졣
һ߹Цһ߶ǧֺһȭ
ǧûѡأָһȭһأǧʵ̲סˣһѪ˳ʼû
͵Ϲ£ȭӣǧסһԿܵ˰
ǼһԸҵʱô˵ɰֵˣ˵ʲôҲҪúһŰ˵ĿСǧ죬ǲǺܹ¶ǲоûõģǺúңֻҪᵽŰ˵ĿУ˵һġ
˵ŻȴһҲͣ͵һǰһַǧ죬Ѹǧֻм֮޻֮
⵹ΪǧʵԶųΪضĻ£ǧѾͷǣȱסŲռ䣬ٸòӲӲȭ
ʵǧĳǿġ㹻ĿռŲʱǲġ
ڵù͵ùǧ첻òһδӲӲټϵвǧܵ˵εģǧץҪ˵ĵزôҲûãĹɲģܹǧʵʵڵ˺ġ
䡭
һȭһȭȥóʮ˷ܣ·һճҵŰ˵ĸоһ۾Ź⣬߻ӴӴغźӣжˬˡ
ʱүоһӰ۹ܿжϳǻҵ·ˡ
壬㣬ǧԴˣæ
嵽˽ǰһ㾪°ͣǰѰ˼Ÿɵ˼ңãȻŹǧ죡
ǧȻֿܵóÿһȭܸǧһ˺
ǧؿڵİ߰Ѫ˵һУ
Щռھүವһ³嵽ǧߣһȭȴͲϸ˾롣
ռķ羰ΰôͻˣɨˣһѰ˼ŵһʬأôܵ죡ˣ֪ǻ޳ֶܵԸңһݱܷâɡ
˵ţصĦıǿҲٻءүʮռٴγأնԸ˵λ°ںá
үߣⶼʲô˰ηѱս˵ôףֱӻ쵰
ûȿү˴ŭƽϢһ£ʮռֹ˽нйˡү˲Ѫû취ɻصϴ·ϡ
ǼǹԾˣҪٱһˣһס˶ڵľ˵
Ͽˡүĵȥʮ
ǧ죬ˣסܵ·ߣҵҪСӵˣʲô
үˣͲˣһţԶ
˭֪ķӦҲģеãҪҧ˰øϽܣ
ĻиֳĻӰЩӰһ⼱ܣ
үôҲû뵽˵ܾˡǧɵˣ֪Ӧԡ
ү⣬⡭ô죿
ǧҪ赲һӰڿռУһͿܱߣͶĸо
үҲޱȣû뵽ͳȥ켣һѻУ֪öĸ֣


911 Ҳ
һԥһѸһĻಶ˵ˡǧ첻֪룬۾˿ү
ү̣ˣȵ׷ȥ
ʯ˲䣬һѻûӰˡ
޺˵ֻҪ赲һ£ǸϵܺúʰС顣
˭֪үˣɫٴξ䣬뵽һַǳµĿܣˣСӹƶˣУŪҪԿ
˵ţԶһ죬ү˰ٶȽ£˷ĵطһ˲ڵϣ֪ȥӰ١
үϽ壬޴󰭲ŷ
ô£ô
ۺ˵ү˶ˡҺϣͿ׷źüܣȥ˭֪һӱˡҿûз˭֪仯ģСһȭҷŵָһ͡
үȫˣ϶˻Ȧס
ռߣô򵥡
ҶҪʬΣү
ʱԶ˹һүˣһޱƵĳԱӡ
үСˣСʵ
үһתͷֻ۾ų˵Ĺâŵһӡү֪ڷҲ棬㻺Լ顣
ߣСȻӤŪڹ֮ϣɺްɺޣȻôҲˡģҲһģү仰ҧг˵
弸˱ޱȣһү˵׷۾һ
ǧĳģʵүôģ
ߣȦ׸ıƣǾ͸ı׷ɱǸ취û÷˼İ취Ҫıһ˼·ؾȣײǡ
˼ܣһ⻰Щˣү˼ߵ֣
ȥǵ۹Щѣǵ˽һʲôˣȻЩ˿壬Ϲ
üʵүֱɱǵ۹˲Ǹôôתһ䣬Ҫǵ۹֪
мؿ˻һ˵ûӣҪǲ˽֪ץ˭ǵ۹ôһץˣ˷˲ô찡ºúһ룬²ӡ
үȴȵ˵ˣǸϽ¾ˣʲôã
һɤӣû弸˶û˻ʱҲָڿշǵ۹ķ˹ȥ

ʱѾɻͼǣʱ̶һսáͼ˧ЦǺԼôˡ
ټֻûȫ룬аѾȫˡ
ͷţ½㻹Ҫߴ߸ţҪ͵һ쾡ңҪ졣
ּ⣬Ͻȥţ˧Χ˧þ䣬κ˲ô˧е
ļƻУһ֧ܹү˶ԿĶ飬Ҫһܹ֤֧ɹƳֵҩҪĸֶΡ
еѾˣҪľǰѵҩ
ֵҩ¼ĲֱϽ嵤Ħ񵤡
ȻֵҩӻǱһζҩģ˵ӵѶȣǼһѶȵȼ
ΪϽ嵤ϽԳʯϬţ壬ζҩҪԭеĵҩ䷽УҪչ˵ǿҩıҩĸͬˡ
ԭе䷽Һ𿴼ô㶫ΪҺǿĹЧİһҪ׼ȷﲻĿģӰͷĹЧ
ΪʦȻϣԤ趨ͷ̲˵ƾܹƵ˵ġ
ҺҪǵһҺΪٶʹͷٶȼӿ죬ܿסͷš
ҪҺҪһΪϿˮƽϡˮƽ˭Ҳֻ֪ͨʵһ
ֵҩУ׵ľĦ񵤡Ҳٸһ⣬ǼĿơ˵ףҲ˵ĦҺộҲҪ
ۺϿ죬Ͻ嵤ʼơ
ǰǿ嵤ҩʮϤóϽԳԼµֱۣٲöֱ۳̾һᣬϽԳ磬Ѿⲽһѳɶ֣˵ʲôҲ޷ˡ
ˮ׼ۻϽԳֱ۲ʲô£ؼĲǰǶǵķǣҿݵصҩܻͶħݣѼζҩȫںҩԵĹ̡
Ҫ֪ϽԳ޽ߣ履֮޵岿λҲŶߵһη壬ںϵĹУҩпܳϽԳ֮¡
һζҩ˵ǷǳʧܵģΪһζҩõģҩҪҩĸһҩЧۿģصĿܻʹҩʧЧ
ͶħݣǿʶȫͶ뵽Ͻ嵤ںϹˡһѹϽԳϱ۵İԵ֣һҪάҩĵĸԡ
ͺһ˸һӴܣûġҪǴҵĴ˺ͺҪƽʹһ̵ļǱ᲻ġ
ʶǿ£ζҩİԸںˡҪһԼѪɵ
û뵽Ѫһ˴¡
ѾѹƵúܲϽԳ֫ѪͳѪ֮ص߰ʱһɰϢɢҪѪһײ
еϸڣǰһˡ
һɽݶһ߸һƽӹߴһ𲻱ǾԲܺƽһСĿռġ
ۿϽ嵤Ҫٵʹó˼˵ֶΡ
ȻܺƽദǾƴѹɣ
һȣеʶȫͷųѹסҪϽԳ֫ѹסʶǿԼѪڵҩĻϡ
һ㣬ѪڽڵҩģһҩϽɫĹâ͡
Ͻ嵤
ջʶһ̱ڵأѾˮʪ͸ˣϽ嵤ȫľ
һ£ʼֵҩʵؼǼҺļҪƺáҪͨ飬ռļ


912 
ԼһѵʵѡԸܵͷϸ΢仯
ʵˮƽѾڻˡѡϣãƣһжܹġ
ڼĿƣĴʦҲֻһӣһ顣
̱𿴼򵥣ȴޱȵɬġСҩļ룬Ȼ£ĸо鵤ҩЧ
Ȼ鵽ЧٴηᣬһֱΪֹ
ʮöɷͬɷƳ
Ħ񵤵ûôӣʮΣƳ˼Ħ񵤡
ȵеĵҩؾƵĸطѡԱͼǡ
ѡɹһǧˣЩ˿ɲ˶лҪЩноĵɸѡ
ƶ׼ԼҪõ˱Ƕʮʮεġ
ڶʮģ˵кܺõǱʣȫְһǿǿֻҹе̣һܿǼѲŵ˵һĴΪǿܾ߱ܿһͣȼҲ޷ͻˡ
ʮģܿͨʱĻ۵Ŀǰ䱾廹о־²ϼ֮ѡǿ㲻û˺ⲿҲ̭
ı׼һǧѡˢİٶࡣʣµУ׼Ϊ̭һˡ
Լܼѡͳͳˢʣİˡ
ʶɨʣµİˣһЩ˵ʶǿȣѾ־ǿԱ£Ļ̭
ѡܹˡ
˼еһصĵطԼǿĴ֪ЩˡǿǿȻʮֳֵ׼ȻΣգ˭Ҫ˳Ҫ
ЩûһԸ˳ʾԼԸеǿķա
һԶܸߣͿʼǿÿһҪעӦԡ
ȷϴҶ֮Ը˷ֵַҩ
ֵҩõ˳ϸ涨õģȷõϽ嵤ֵҩǿʵģΪֵҩû⣬жʮ˷Ͻ嵤󣬳ǿҵ岻ʡ
֣֮ΪϽԳ֫󣬵ҩҩЧΪԵҩȻǼ˷ߵǿ̶ȣһЩ΢һ˳ܲҩЧ
ЩɶǾϸѡˣ֣ɼϽ嵤ҩЧж
ʮȻʣϢһʱ仹ǻĪĺôֻǲܲǿʣ໷ˡ
˰ʮŪȥʣµ˽ǿ
ֵҩУĵľҺƣͷŻܻϾǺͷţкܶ˿ȥġ
ȴ⣬ֻʮ˸еʱ̧⡣һ£ҲˣԼƵģͨٵ⣬Щ˶ǾϸѡҾ嵤õģȻ̫⡣
עⳡ˵һУʶ鲼ʮÿһ˵ϣʱ۲ÿһϸ΢ı仯
ÿһ˵ǲͬģʮһǿɲ˵һʼһȫкһضġ
еѾٽˣʱΣյʱ򣬾ͺǵ㶹һ±ˮɰܾһ
ߣĬĬʶ֪ͨϿĦ񵤣Ϊ̡
Уʵæµˣսʧܵ˳֣һҪչ˵ߣҪʧܵͳȥæüת
ĳƹǰףϾҪнײˣ
ʱ򣬳ֻʣһٰʮˡиǰԼʶһǿÿһߵע⵽
ǣ
һ͵ش£һ߲ˡ˵ʶעĬĬһʶסȻɡ
ܵĹ裬ССĻһһӦԽס
ǣ
Ľ£ԼĹͨʶ͵ÿһߵϡ
˳ɹ׽ٵĿ飬ǿɹҲڽ׵Ŀ̱һţæµˣʧᱻҪЩȳȥ
ǿ뵽˰ȻĽ׶ΣȫǣϰٵĽԴԴϴ£һ쳹صֱĩյĸо
ܽϴ̣ǰﲻæġǿߵĵҪϴ񣬸ҪôһССΨһģǰʧܵԱȳסǵһ
һֱʱϢġ
׵ϴһʮǿɰ벽ԪӤĸ֣
ʮ⡣ԭеİ벽ԪӤӣ˶ٶĸ֣԰Ԫһ
Щµǿߺԭİ벽ԪӤӻϵһ𣬾ѡˣֳ˶飬ʼϤĴڰԪһİλ
ЩĶǳգʱ䣬Щ˾ȫסӦĲ衣Ҫγսѵľ
Щֲĸ֣˵ˣǵóһҲܺСһ˰ڳһԪһ󣬻ϾǺɨĽࡣ
ĿֲҲʵĶ֡
Ψһֵܹģķ죬ֻһֻһһѵ
ʵսУֿǲһ㹻ʱĲǾֻܴʵսģͬĳͻͶŸټγɼս
ǿΪһԪһĶֵģΪҪָʵսԾֻһˡ
ʼʱһ˸ģĻ󶼲ͱһٿŰ
ϸָ£˰벽ԪӤӲӦĳǿֵĽࡣģڸ²󣬻ܽз
Ϊ̣˼Ѫʱսʱͣϸÿ˶Ӧøʲô
һһεĻ£ԪһǿԸĹˡ
ЧӦ˵ǰԪһˮƽģһʵսͻ˲ܣǲġ
ԲٵðԪһԼͨǿȵĶԿ߰Ԫһս
Բ뵽ʵսָЧǷǳԵġԪһսʱѹǳűƣ֣ܹʱ˲١
ٰͣ벽ԪӤĸ֣ڽɰԪһܹԸ罵֮˳ȥү֮κһˡ
ҵģЩֻҪôɡ
ʱүѪĻʹȺ˵Ϣ
үʶԸ²еô򵥣ڶԸܱ˵Ĳϣȡ˿ٽķ


913 үļƻ
ȥˮȥ˺ˮǧ壬ЩֻֿһĿģǾǰѸĻʵ۶ѪĻʹҪ˵顣
ЩȺ綼һ棬罵֮ǰȫǿСûö೤ʱ䣬˾ͰѸĻʵȫӵѪĻʹ
ЩߣﶼǸ߸ϵĴڣڿүǿǰܹʣµģֻвķݶˡ
ү˼λʵһۣ΢΢ЦǽһҪǵͼǵĶֻмҪһ£ŸλܺõҵġֻҪˣҲᱣ֤ǵĵλͲƸ䣬һǵĽ򣬻øĺô
ѪʵۿΧִҶÿ־ͺɵԼҲ⣬ϾѪĻʹΪѪʵҲӦóͷ˵
λˣ֪ݰΪ£ֻҪǷԸԻ˵Ҫ󡣡
ʲôǸƣھԵǿǰΪʵҲõͷ
үĴ𸴣ȻǴŵ΢Ц˵˵Ǹǵ۹ԼҵĵһҪǱҪǵ۹Լ
λʵ۳һ治֪⼸ΪʲôҪ
үһʵӣɵɫһ
ǵʵҲʶˡǣ罵֮ˣΨһĿľնɱˡɱֵǳ֣¾ЩӰˣǻмΪ֮Ƕ֣˭ɱ٣ܻӦĵ̣ô
仰ͺڷмһưˮһüʵը˹
ʲôնɱ壿ô°
ǸػʵۿԼģ෸ǿĵģôܹأ
ǣ¾ɾˣǵɱȫɱˣҪôĵʲôأ

λʵ۲ʶ̧٣ȵҪѵҪƲԳԷôߣǵӶ㲻ϣǲǲֻϣѵǾͲô
⻰Բǵвʵ۶⼸˾ʵֻҪ˼룬ȷʵַܷɱԼ
в£˭ܵأ
ѪʵһҧԿү˵ˣǹͦãҲҪʲôˣս֮У˶޹ɥǲٲ˽սĺˡҵԴǳײ˴ˣлǸ忪ս
ȺĻʵۣ⻰ȫɫɷף֪Ѫʵôһ˵᲻ᴥŭԷԷ̧ܹ־Щ˰
үüͷһ壬۾סѪĻʵۡ
־廹Ѫʵ۵УǶԷ˵Ļȴޱȼᶨġ
ߣʱȲ˵ˣ㣬ʲô䰮ˣ֪˰ɣ⣬뿪
Ѫʵһ飬ȻҲܸ㣡˵ˣƾλôߵֶΣ˼ҼԸôҲʧԼݣ
үɫһ䣬ǰסѪʵ۵۾˵̫ˣѾҺջˡҿļʲôȤĶٺٺ٣ҿ֪ĶԭһźһӰǵ۹ĻʹС

үһЦſѪʵۣ˵ϾҪǸɵˣԼú룬ҪҪǺһҷŹǣһأͲô˵ˡ
˵꣬үһ֣˷ա
ЩʵүոΪʲôɱһֻҪɱ֣ǾͲ᲻УǰǱɿܲһЧôҪŹǣ
үҡͷ壬ǵݣ罵֮ˣҪóֶΣᱻЦġе˶ǶӦǹݳ˵仰ӦøϽȥЩǿвԵֶΣá
ЦǼʵ֮Բǵ۹սˣƻֻҪٴθ˵Ӧûḩġ
ǧɵүȥץźӣ⣬⡭Ҳе㡭
үЦ۸飬ҹǸɵģʲô飿
ʱȻ򣺡԰֪ץˣȻ󶪸ҹǣҹǵ壬˭֪Ǹɵģ
죬֪ˣ¡ˣѪʵԺпļ䣬Ӧǵ۹ĻʹˣźӦһȥס֪ʲôҲֳ
ſү䵽һԺڣҪУȴӰһʱʧȥ֪
֮ڣѩڸػͽһЩ֪ʶȻòԣΪȻûл߶ˡ
ˣˡѩͷĶҪ˽
ʱֻҪѩˣһʱ䣬ͻ˽Ըɽ죬ȴûκεĻӦ
ѩеΣգҪػһߵʱ򣬴űƿˡ
ʢ˵ļһǰ
˭ôôʹѩȵ
үһƲ¶˵ЦݣûҴطѩǸӣӦþĶػˡûж⣬Բ˺ǵֻһˡ
ػϵѩǰȵǲߵģҪȵùһء
үϷʿػͣЦӵǺб£ǲ֪ô뱣Ȿô
ػһǰƺߣҸš
һΣѾػǰػӦѾһֻסػ͵ͣһֻסػ͵塣
ǲҪ˺ҵĶӣҪʲôҸǾˡѩû뵽ԷȻһ֮Ϳסػ֮ͣ£Ϊ˶ӵİȫͳˡ
죬үһ֣ӰһѩߣһУѩĲϣѩʱ˹ȥ
ߣſүһ£ಷ죬ֱҹȥ
ү˳ҹǰʱ򣬲λүűȥҹܵһĴ㱣һӿү˳֣ŵˡ
λˣ֪
ûҹ˵꣬үֹ˵ȥˡ
Ǽ飬ôˣ
شˣ飬˭ǾΪҲ֪ᣬ׼սⶼҪʱ䰡
ţľͺáȻһ齻㡣үֱ⣬ӻͳһͼֽãصϣһġ
ҹ׵֮ĶԿͼֽ֮˵ˣһΪ壬˼ҽ壿
үЦΪġ
ҹһ֣еۣˣû⣬ǣҲɵӣô
үЦôأ㲻ǰźץôնô
ҹ۾һӵɵԲʲô
Լôᡭôܰźץ


914 ı
֪Щǲ˵飬ϼȥ˵һЩùĶ˵˵Ϳˡ
ҹǵ۹һѸǺѾźŪˣһ룬͵һҲΪ㿼ǰ룬㶼ܰźץǶı°Ἣܱġ
Ҳ
ҹɵӣ˲еè塣
ʲôôиץźӣ
ֻҪеӵ˶֪һ۹Ļʹץʺͻһôѵ顣ѿԿ˷˭ܿ˷ץ˼źӣϹӸ׷񱨸Ŀ־尡
һ⼸˸ĹãԼڹ
ڹɲñ۸Ӳ˲˵ǻǸġ
Ͼǿ˭УһĻĻҹԴһ㶼ûɫ
ҹɫ粻ҹļ˵£ҿ㱣֤һ㣬ֻҪ̤壬ĵ
ү°˼ĲˣΪһԶ߸ϵѵõǰ˵ҹͷİɡֻҪ̤壬ͿһˡһЩܣҲͽ̾κΣ˵ССˡ
˵ţү֣ҹĸۡ˵׸ɵģ飬ǻþ޴档ĵ̣գҲҪΪ졣ǵ۹ĵ̣ҲȾָ˵Ĺô
ҹô᲻ףǸ㻭һŴıȻȻֻҪܴӿűҲֵġ
ᣬƣգָһӿͷҹð˺
ɲүϲսԸֱӡסҹؿڣ΢΢һͰҹ˰С
Сӣú˵ˡһ仰ԸԸ⣬㲻Ը⣬ԻдѵԸɣûʱĥ䡣
ҹɫ䣬ǿҵ⣬֪ЩʲôܸɳģǸϽ˵ԸԸ⣬̧֣Ҫ̲סˡ
̲סˣҸ̲סʲôһ¸ҿ
˷֣̲סҪˣŪ
һŸϽ֣ҹڣȴҹŪԼ
ҹͨһˤϣҲ˲ԼʹϽȥү֪ҪȥʲôҲû
ãҹͨˡʱҲǳ׵ˣȽϻǸſүǵǰ;ðϾǸʰǣҪûʱ䣬ҹ¹Ĳôġ
ǷͼֽҹЦҹƣ֮ҲءĿ־ͳ׵ܵɣֻҪͼֽ꣬ͿԳһôͳμϽµӴ̡
ҹӹͼֽ˿־һ˿̰ЩûҪˣԼԼЩ˵һ¶ûʸ񣬸˵ôºԼˡ
˵ĻӦģ
Щ˵ʵۺҪҪûõĻôӡȻ֮˶أԸԲڻ¡
뵽ЩҹĿ־彥ʧģǱĿϲ
λˣǷģһ׵ġ
үһЦҹȻ¶˾£ֻҪ˹ӣͺðˡ
޽Ҫʱ䣬Ҫпүмָ㣬Ϊ˱֤صĽɣүæԼŻǧɧѪʹǵ۹ѡ
ڿү뿪֮ѪĻʵ۵һʱǵ۹ȡϵԼпү˰ˮһѵ˵ˡ
ǵ۹Ǳ߸ңѪߵ֧֧ᣬǲĵӡ
ƾĸоѪʵжϣǵ۹Ǳ߳ˡȻ˼Ҳ˵ԼҲʣͿ׼䣬ͨ
ľ棬Ѫĸ߲㣬дѪʹˮĻʵ硣ôҲȻʱ򣬿үŻǧֳǵǰ
е˶ޱȾֵɫſүˣ֪ôȥ
ǿǵôˣѵҪԼ˸һ𣿡үһ£ʵ
ѪʵһҧſүʩλˣһǾ仰ٿսˡҪṆ̀ˡѴ
ǺǣйҪǣʱرйҪԼȺġǱҪ类ģУֻˣһǼ뵽¾˵ĶУǱѱһ
ү˵۾ɨ˳һۣʵһأڶˣҪ֪ɲǼȺоԵʵ˭˭һǲỳɰɣ
бүˣȫ͵һɫʱûѪɫ
Ϊ⻰ǶţźܴĿԣ
үվѪʵ۵ļ˵˳һָ£ǵѾźץˣСҲزãȥδӣҪϿӴ
˵꣬үһ֣Żǧա
岻ʵүЩôΪʲôûҹǼһһŻʲôԸˡ
ǧͷ˵壬¾ֱ̫ˡе鶼Ѫ弸Ⱥǵ۹ҪԸǵ۹ǹĶǡǲȡ˼ҵֶΣ𷴿أѵҪ⼸ȺҲˣ
үЦǰ壬¶දӡǵ۹㹻¾˱Ҫ㹻֣⿿ҹǼСôҪǰѪ弸ȺƵ棬ҹ㲻ûᱻ˼ʰˡǣȣöְ
ͷȻʵүе㲻ףιҲû˵Ѫ弸Ⱥʲôأ
үЦ漴ɭɭ˵ΪģôǱ˴˲϶ҹᵽʵѪʵ۵İ²ץźӵģڳĿɻȺˣʱôô룬ǾͲܹܵ˵ˡ
ǧЦүôһǱ˴˼ɣҪ˴˰һʱڣǵҲŪˡ
үЦ˵صĽҪ죬ҲҪгǱϾҪصģȺ˴˲ޣʵġΪȷĿ꣬ǾҪ뵽Ǳ˴˵С
ʵүҪǽأǾƳģǸøʲô
үЦΪ˶Ըģô޹ҪɱˣǿȺ˸ɵġ򣬷ǵǵţпܴҪ鷳ˮҲ
ò˵үһϵƣǷǳյģһŻۣүţĲУֻһ߽ԼȦס
ǱߣȵõϢǵ۹ʹǱߵϢ
ʺѩػͣһҹ֮ʧӰ٣
Ϣһ㣬ˡΪοĴ󷽣Ȼ飡
Ҳ˲ͼһУϽɻǵ۹Ļʹ


915 ؾ
ǵ۹Ļʹϸʱû̫𣬵˭ܹܵɽһĽȸС
ɳƽӵ˻ʹܱϾ͹Σ¼ϸֳ֮ɳƽȴһĸľ
еĹټһվɣеľ²ҲսʱԤ֮һеһУҪĹճΪС
ɳƽеģΪֳͨ飬ɳƽ϶ʺͻʧپֶܹͨͨġ
ջʹִĿߣӡ֤ɳƽĲ롣
е˵Ǿ쵽Ծεˣȵʱͳѩڻʹһ򶷵ĺۼûУѩػ͵ʵ㣬ܹϢʧˣʵδ֮¡
ˣѰľ¹ƣѲķûãֻţûκεİ
ڰٹٵͷϣɳƽ飬ܷס֪ͨΨһ;
ϢȻûй¶ȥɰٹǵȴǷ˾޴ĲճĹлûбֳ쳣Ѿᵽա
صʹһʹ֪˭ɵġ˿үˣû¡
һɻҪҿүˡʱѾǳˣȥǿѹסԼŭ
үѩػĸ֣˵˼顣
һǶû̫õİ취ѳ²ߡһǶԷ϶εĿģһкֵġֵ˼ˣԷô϶ΪйߣΪǵĴһ̵档
뵽Ϊ˼·ѩĸӾնרġֻҪ֣ѩĸӷǾаȫϵġ
үǲô޷Ŀģһ¾ɾˡʱ嶯һȥѰѩĸӣ㲻ǵ۹ڲӡ
ʺʧ٣ʵ۳ȥѰܲô
ԣҪӦסƣסġүȻڰп̽һǾͻż
뵽ѩػͣľ̲סһᵶ˻ү˺ǵ۹п뵽ıУẦѩĸӡ
϶ɳƽΪɳƽΣ¼ܵȫֹۺͳ˧ɡ
ټٹ¡ڰٹǰߴңʺ̫ʱ³ȥ˶ٳ֣еճվɣͬʱɳƽһΪʺ̫ӳжҥ¼ϳͲ
˻ʵ۵ĳ棬ǵ۹ֵĲõͷͽǶʱѹȥˡ
ʱѪǱߴϢϹȥһˡ
ѾҪȫȨίиɳƽԼǵǹƥϵѪĻʹ
Щǣˮ壬ˮ壬ĻʵҲ
СС⣬Լ˼ˡ
λΪ۾۲Ŵյһİɣǿү˰Ƕ°Ķ԰ɣЦǺʵ
Ѫʵɫ˰Ѹʵ۶°ġػʱ£ҪǱԼҪ֡
Ѫʵ۾Ͱѿүϸ
Ц˵λҲûб֮Լһ㣬ڵġҽ쵽ҲΪү˵ġ
ʱҲûıҪˣͰѿүΪʲô罵٣ԼүʲôԹͳͳ
ٴθлѪȺԼľٶ
ͬʱңҪ֮Կμ棬үǲ鷳һξͲһˡ
ԣ»ҪǿүٴҪǵ۹ҾͼȴӦ漰˳ҲԳʱ䣬ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ʾԼһܹе⡣
ⷬеȺзЩµľǼͿүޱţĴмΪѡ
˭վǿߵһ棬ɴС갡һͷǿְ֮ıʾͿҷԴˡ
ԿүֻҪߣͲƽϣ߶ȵĿռ䣬ڿү֮ɰڶˡ
ж뷨им˼ҪֿǵѴȺ治֪Ҫô
ڴʱѪʵ۵ͨѶҪ磬ͨͨѶģȴǿүҪġ
үֱѪʵۣ˵
ܹүӰ޲ðѶԷϹȴǹЦ⣺Ӵⲻүô֪ϵңʲôָ̰
үЦǸԭһɵǶҵ裬ڿֵ½½ΨһϧǣվҪҵȻ㻹һ֮ġ
ôѵүôֺ̧룬ҶҪҵźӲץߵˡ
⻰Ǵ˿үʹ֮ϣɲʲôʵ飬˵Ϲү絹ûٸɣֻڸ֮µ½ϣôɾеˡ
үɫһ䣬Ͼͻָ
ţźҵϢ֪벻
͵һϲԾ¶ɱɱһţ˵үָܹԽĳʤм
ү¶˺Ƶ΢ЦͺˣǶδѣ˵˲һأźӾͷھصУͲ֪ûеȥѰˡ
أҪһ£ǸʲôľذЩѹסԼԼŭֳ
رΪأΪؾظΪһ㡣Ϊ˽ص˶Ϊ˭뵽أȥ޻˾أֻҪҽ룬˽ؾظΪǡһЩ
ҧأסԼүһֵһУеһж㽲ףԶ̬ȡ
үڼŭҪǷŭһйѰÿү顣
ŶؾأŵǺ磬ǲ֪˾ʲôط˵ؾأûȥʵô
˿үļ֪ԶԷЧĴ赭дӦ
ү̬ȣȷʵе죬еıϣûпԷķŭûпԷʧȥǣδеܸС
ЩҪֻҪҴؾأյʤԼģ
ؾؾһ벻ĵطڻڽ֮УһнãȻ֪ͨġˣҪмһ㣬ڴڼһЩѺõľٶҿɲұ֤źӵİȫ
ү⻰ڳĸʵ۶һ飬ֱ췽ҹ̷һأǻû޽ã޽֪֮ͨ
һƣֱǳļޣ
ûκα飬˵ȻҾ;ˡ
صͨѶģøвҪģԻصԼȺأһа̶õȥͿˡ
˵꣬գֱӻصͼǡ


916 ѨԹ
صͼǣû˭ûоţҪ֣컹ѵԪһӣԼǶ׼
Է޽ؾصĹҪһʱɣҲһ׼
үȻҰؾذڵϸа壬ؾһ򵥡Զ϶үžԵĵġ
ɲǸƾһǻѪϵˣѾǸǳͷǳͳ˧ˡ׼ѵĴ㣬ɵϰߡ
ľ飬ؾϣ϶Ũ
Ȼ֪үĲãǰ壬иӵصսУвٵĽ֮
ܶγвģܹǿѹΪʡУ̹ġ
һʵѹƣֶܶζ޷ʹֻȥƴ˵ǼΪġҪҵһ֮Чİ취ܹ
ĲϣռһЩΪ²һֱûн͸оڣúоһ£ûƽİ취
ϸ۲ֲ֮϶к½ûеĲϣҲ˵ǷƲˡ
Ĳ٣ͲóȻΪĲϽ飬ֻͨԭһеԭ
е½϶ˣûһܹƽ⡣
ҪʱȻ뵽Լʱ̶
ǯʴޣ
С޸޵С
ǯʴûʳԴʱ򣬻̳һЩǻһָʴԼǿҺֽ֪ⶫûá
ڸǯʴ޶Կʱ·ռ˲ҺǼ·ûӣû±˽ָ
æӽָó··ȡǯ̽޵Һ㵽ϡ
˾鷢ˣʲôʶߵĲϣȻǯʴ޵ҺʴѸ߽ˣ
һｵһﰡ
˷ܣ͵͵ɳͼǣܵʱ̶ҵɽһѻǯʴ޵ʬ壬һǯʴ޵ȡҺ
ҺʴԼǿõĴƿܱʴһ󶴡ڴƿڲͿĨһŰЩҺװ
ܹԸϣĴ
ڰ˷ʮʱеʱҪƾ趾ҩأ󣬶ҩЩˣһȥؾأɲٷ
ԷԼأҲûʲôùǵˣһЩΪ̵̫ĶҩԼûƹĶҲûʲô˼ˣһЩ˷ָĶҩҲ㹻Աʱ֮衣
Ʒ˳׼
ڹϣ뵽ľĵ̡ⶫṹǳ͸ǿһץεԣԸĽǼΪֵĸװ
Լ֪Ӳ䷽ϰٸĵ̣еĻԼ͵ʱ̶ռǧ˿óлһЩϣ˿ԡ
˿ڵϣͳ˵ⶫʵսпԵǱҲΪĹߣ;ࡣ
һֱԴжӣس㹻ĴһЩϼ˵̣ͳȫµĹ˭ҪǱֵˣҲʲƤ
ûûҹȵƷʱ򣬿үͨѶĸˡ
òеˡүĻϵģ˲ƭ˵ġ
Ŷѵؾ޺ˣҲʱ㰡ͬûƭүˣǿ̹ĵġ
үһ˵Щ׻Ҳ˵ˣطӦӡɣ
˵ţүӰյͨѶǰѩػ͵ӰûŰһɽӵ
ҫȺɽߣҹôĵӣҰǣѩĸӵӰϾȷλãҲ֪˭ˡ
˵ˣʵҹĵӺСġҪҴؾأǸˣôţҵ֮ҹҲһ˰ɣ
ؾغİû뵽һᴳǸô
үһ˵Ҳƭ㣬ȥ֮󣬶֮ðմؾأԲãøźӵ
İɣһȳҵˣһ˵ġһ㣬ҲԲƭ㡣ͬϻү
ǣǾĿԴܹԼĻҵԤ⾫׼
ͨѶģеĶȫʰҵ졣
컹ΪǹİԪһҪܣȴֹס
оؾؾԼҪܵĿ飬ү˵Ҳûпܡ
Լ飬ǵûʲôɹؼػͺѩԼҲҪ˽ȳ
Լںϵһһȥأţʱһǿİ֡
컹û֣عԭ󣬽ɷϰԪһһȥ
뷨Ҳйϸ֮ͷ뷨
ԪһֻԿʱܷãΣķľصУӲӦеǣҲֻǴһ벽ԪӤڵĸ֣ھصУŪûǸ׸
Ѷ㲻˵ںϵһ
ûоűˣԼźҫȺɽķ˹ȥ
ΪϴȹɺʹԺҫȺɽӡ̡طϤĳѾȫûˡ
ĺҫȺɽȫŨ֣ͼͷʶ̽Ũȴݺݷ
֪ںҫȺɽϷγɵļǿҪںҫȺɽϷǿͻƻʶ̽飬ҪܵΪҵĹ
ؾػǲ򵥣ƾҫȺɽͿԶ϶Ĳþ֮˲ŻеʦֶΡ
Ͽսǲܵˣֻý䵽棬һҫȺɽн
˳źҫȺɽΨһСһ߽СڿּΪԵڵϾûˡ
Сн࣬ΧȻԽԽǰ߾ûˣ
ѨԹ
һʯϣĸֲԾҪʯɣ
ʯǰͣҪȷǰѨԹǸ󷨻ǽԵĶɳϵǣʯһƬ򣬼û󷨵Ĳ֣Ҳûн
е㳬֪ΪԷȻѨԹֹǾͱһԹĹؿܹԹЧģ޷󷨺ͽ
˰죬ҲûеζͷųʶҪ̽һ£ȴʯ·һչĿռ䣬ʶô죬ҲûκεĻӦ
ջʶüͷ嵽һ
û뵽νؾأһ̽顣
ѵԼҪǿдô


917 βа
һʱ뵽ãУԴӺ֮˽ӴǴӺͺʹ߽Ӵʼĳ֪Ͳ
ؾأҲȫµĿ顣
ţתƵѨԹϡ
Ȼо⼸ֵıһ˫а۾סһойаϢڸǡ
ʶתͷܿĸ֣ͬʱһȭʯ΢΢һ£Ϸ˿ֲĶƬ֮䣬ʯͺȻ¡
ʼδġΪһȭͲҪʯҲûʹö
ʯǵˣǳ⡣
ĻʯĵİأоԼ·ڻƻľɫ֮£Χ߰ˣеľҲ֮ı䡣
һɲǼ䣬뵽ǰһط

û
ط಼Ȼʽͬ˼ƣ
һ籦ѨԹӦҲһֻ͵ȼҪԶԶ֮ϡ
ҪǣĲҪ򵥴ֱĶֻ࣬ҪһعشȥѨԹԻȻһ㣬޼Ѱƽķѳ̶ǲɹġ
˼ʱȺͻأĳҰС
Щεסȥ·Щ˵һӦɫǽأ·޷Խľͷеһеȫһ
ɫǽǰȺȺжǸɫ棬ûһ׳ӣϣĿľؿڵλһĿĺɫ־
Щһ֮ޣǵǶܵ˾ƻǱƳɿܵӡ

ĥǰȺʱҲ֪ʲôطһлһ֡
עתƵ棬ôʶǿȣ޷׽Դ
˭һ編ĸ߶˴ڣѵôҲͷβоûԼݣżصļһûдﵽԤڵЧ
ҾһֻܶеĴڣ㲻ҪϣͨҶҽгŪüûðͨҵֶΣһЧǸĿԴżֵζ
ЦŶҵҪʲô°Ҽûðɣôܶв
㲻ԼĻ̫ôҿԶڰأԲҶèèɣкҪ飬кҪҪȣô
ԷĻ˵ĿͶԷĲ֮ͬڲܵȺܵȵľ޴졣ҪѩĸӣҪǰɶԷֻҪţܹǣǵΪ
Ŀ۲죬ȷֻȺǵɫĸǽΨһǰͨ
˼·ͨǵǽӦмǰͨ
뵽ӻһԾɵǽǰ˫ĿԲȫǽһȭ
ˡ
ǽ˼ΪƳĲǽȴ˿

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һͷֺܶ˴ӿѪĩͺܵ˼Ϊҵشһ
ǸֻЦ˸һ飬ЩؿڵĺӡôΪǵǽΪһ壬ֻҪǽеᱻתƵϣ
ʲô
ԣĺˮ鲻Խӿ˳ڵϣﻹѪ޹ǣȻԼˣ
ȻûִϣϾֱӵĹϵ޷ͻ
ҿԸ㣬ǵǽǸЩϢϢصģֻҪЩȫɱˣǵǽͻ᲻ơҸ׼УһҲûзȥɣֻҪ̧̧֣ܹһˣ
۾ðˣû뵽ԷôյķԸԼһסԼǲԭµ
һ£ûȥеļһҵһСϸС
Сһжؿλã˿ߣѪ˳˿ȾؿһƬ
Щ˿ߣһּΪƷϵʶ̽һЩ˿ȷʵǸǵǽǧ˿Ƶϵ
ڱλã԰˿ȡ£˿ߵλ̫ˣֱӸһɲ׶Щ˿ߡ
ǸʧʱĸЩ˺úÿɣǾԲģǾԲܹƽģϣܹƽĵһӴ
ӳ˷һվ񱼣ܻĿռٶ£ûһ·ǵӰڿռÿһ䡣
ڣͣڵϣڴڴŴ
ô׳嶯ôˣܳѵǷйеĲôү㴵컨׹ҿҲ硭
ǸһҽУȺзɳһӰӣطˤ䵽ϡ
һӰһˤڵصļһǰ֡
ղڿ񱼵ʱ򣬽ٶȼĻӰųԼ벼󷨣ԼϢȫѰңҵ˻Ⱥеһ
һŲһϣϵһǵ
û룬Ȼһһޡ
ΪȺоסԼˣ㾿ʲôȻôӵֶΣ֪ģʹ죡Ǵѹ﷢˵
һļһȻûʶԼĴм˵ÿĳţ΢࣬ǾβаⵣȻ˵ʲôǲ˰
üӴ̤Ȼش˾βаⵡ
ߣһһ΢ļһҼöˡһΪж߹˰Ҳ֪ۡ벻һ¸۵ζ¶аЦݡ
βа⵸Ͻҡҡͷ˵Ǻ˵ҿûʲôޣô
ѽ΢΢һЦУú˵úҵĿ֮£ԸĽ顣ңЩϸǽ֮Ҫô
βаΪѵ治֪ⶼǿүģֻүŵġأȣأ治֪
ɲܾβа⵰󣬾𽥼Ӵϵȡ
ˣ֪ǽķβа⵼ƴԼȫһ䡣
ѽŲһץס˾βа⵵ĲӣٺЦΪʲôڳͷԺ֪˵滰أС壬ȵòˡ˵ż
βа⵴ڴŴ˵ҪǽЩˣͱҪЩ˵˿߱˴ͲΪǽ˵Щˡ
Ҳôңһˣһǵõʲôʱ򣿡
ЩŭˣѾβа⵰¾һٿ⡣
а취а취Ϊٰ򣬾βа⵸Ͻ˵ȤĻ


918 
ͣ˱аЦСⵣǱƭңڵġ
βаһ߿񴭴һ˵ģңҾԲƭġұȽϤЩ˿ߵ·ҹȥЩ˽ӣӦúܿġ
βаⵣȻ¶ϵЦ⣺Ը㣬㿴ҵ۾ҪȷһǷƭҡ
βа⵲Ҳһϵ۹ӭɺȻ䣬βа⵾òˣҪʲô㡭
û취Ҫǲʶٸҿô찡ǰסķġһһģ
ʩչ뵽˾βа⵵ʶ
ΪҪõβаⵣֻʶԼӡǣֻҪͲΣգһβаʲôľٶӣþβаֱӹҵ
Ȼβа⵺ȻΪѾˣ˵ʲôûˡ
Ĵߴ£βа⵷ɿؿڵ˿໥ֻҪЩ˿߱˴ӣͻϾǽ֮ĸӦٴιǽͲȥˡ
βаô˾裬һʱ򣬾βа⵰ͷһײգۼڵһ̼û뵽˶С
ȵʱ򣬾βаѾڶӳԶˡ
ǲ֪ļһΪ˵ҾͲκεôðɣʩչ˾βаʶеӡ
ӵ´һƵİž뵽СβаôҲܲĿƣӦˡ
Ū˾βаⵣʣµҪԼˡ˳˶ֻԡ
˵ٶҲȲϾβаһٶȣҲû취ΪЩ棬ֻɡ
ȻǽķϴײײûдȺסؿڵ˿Ѫʮֱҡ
ͣĻתͷһ㾪ӣβаǽǱߺݺײǽ
˹ˣ
ԼĿоԵĵģβаôӹһģ
ǲǾúⰡĿʶıºӴȻܹҪ˶ԷҶòӦңҾβа⵵еģֻҪһʶҵβУܹо
βаһ߿һߺݺײǽ㲻Ǳô㲻ҪЩôҰ
һһβа˹ȥۿûκε·ˡ
˽ӽβа⵵ĹУβаһͷٴڶ֮زز
汻ǻˣžβаܵĶھһȭǿҵȭʱСĿ׶խĴ󶴡ӿ˴󶴣һ·ȭ·ԹĵȭѾβаٵСԼܹߡ
͵ķڵһ·׷Ͼβаⵡ
βаŵðôҲ뵽ϧһ׷Լ
ˣǼΪģ㻹ҪѨԹܲβа⵿ʼȰɵ¡
ҷҲǵģСӣôүңҾأҲҪץоţԴүҵֶΣʱоŰ
䡭
һǼȭڵ¹ĵխĵضһؽ󣬷βа⵲ôܣڶܵģ͸ں棬һܵȥ
ôùȻķӣβа֪ǲģȥҲǰ취Լڶٶȿ죬ǰڳ˲ٵĶЩѨ˴Թһ㡣
䵽Լİ취ʧЧˡΪβа⵿ڱ˴ͨĶѨܶԼ׷ߣͻܵǱߣڣֶץβа⵵ġ
ٺ٣ǲǾͿԸ׽ԲˣǺãǾͺú档˵ţʹӽָͳе̵ĸ˿;ѵһ£˹һѨѰ
βа⵲֪ڸʲôѰ˼ţֻҪҶ㣬ʲô
úеĵ̣ȻӿԼٶȡ
Ļұ죬ٶȱҿôҵĵץ
װBõڹͣβа⵹ŸȦӣ˵ȴû⵽¡
һʹβа⵻ûʶͷŰʹȴ⵹ʮԽⶫԽ
˿֪Ĺŵ̵˿ס˾βаⵡһק˿βа⵾໵һҽС
ⶫƣԽԽʹֻҪͲµġ
˵úֵ˿ȴѸޱȡβа⵱קþʹ̲סˣǾʹǲܼᡣ
Сⵣּˣǵ˵ʲôô
һ޺ӣȴþβа̲ס
Ǳƭңڵģ˵仰·Ǹո˵ģûôȴ㹻þβа⵲Ŀ
ģβаѾûκε⻰ǷϵĻ
Ǵ޺Ц˵СⵣҿǾģҪǲѵҲĵƲҵġ
˵ţһ˾βа⵱ȡ
βа̲ס񺿣ľʹܹݵ˵ġ
֪ˣ㣬Ҳƭˡˡ
Ծβаⵣû˿֮ģһֱѾβаڵʪ͸Ǵˮ̳һʱѽɿ
ڣǲǿĸԸɻˣǳЦ⡣
ңҡĸʣңԸβа⵲˵ˡ
ǺãȰҵĶʰסҪСĲãҪǲ޷⣬ǻССĽѵӴ
βа⵰˵ȸ߸̧ʣ·һµ˿еʰã˵档
ûþβаϸЩ⣬Ǵϳ˿ߡĴмңоеԭ
ٺٺ٣Ʒû뵽ķȻô̵ĵطСⵣи⣬벻
βаͷ񺮣׼֪ûʲô⣬ͷβһŰߣﻹѡأ
˵ĬˡҰЩƷӵϣ˵ǰƷǽ磬ǸЩеĳӽأ
βа⵶ʱɸĸ綼밡ǲҲаǾҪǽģǾֻѡЩӡɡ
ŲõЦݰһ˿ǿнӵ˾βа⵵ϣȻþβа⵰Լϵ˿߸һ潨硣
ֻҪЩ״βаҲ
βаŪһУޱ˵βаⵣȡģЩ޷չ˵͸һĻᣬֻҪЩ˳ȥǣͿԻȥˡ


919 
βаôҲû뵽ԼȻ䵽Ҫչ³
ҲԼһ·ȻǻаҲĺܲҵġ
һȾβа˵ȣҲݺһקβаȲĵ̰˳
һ´⣬Ѿβа۵ش
СⵣһͺˣֻҪúչЩˣǻ㵱һġ
˵꣬ѵպãٴθԼ壬ͨԵǽһٿ񿳡ǽ嵶ۣںһˡ
ǽ棬һѵС·ָԶ
ͷҲС·˳ȥû߶Զ͸оΧĹԽԽͷһһ㡣
оԣһ̧ͷȴͷϷһֻ˶ľ޵ԼͷϷСֻ޵˫չаɿխͨѪɫëΨһ˶ͷ­ɫġ
ʱ˴˵
ִ½ǽڴ˵еĴڣ޽ëݺ˵һϵĴڡ
ν޽ëָľǽëʥԳݺָľǺֽ˵һĴڣûѡһгưԣѡʮֵ͵
ּƷĴŸ߹Ѫͳµϡ
ķݱѪͳôֲǿĹȽʤ
һ˵޶Ƕģ˭ëʥԳһҲ˭۲֮ôأ
ԲżȻ·һΪоȻɱѾԼȫ
˽ŲӽָקͨԵϢѹȸУѾоĪΣաָоεĶΣյĸ֪ĸоû󱨣һֱΣʱԤơ

еĺ񣬺ȻһƫԼξƫƵ·ˡ
ݡ
һٵƿͺ֮ǿƿһ߳ĵ任ĺιʣ۵糸һ
ҵ˫ԲͨԵӭȥֻһ죬ʮ֧һͷϻص˺ϡ
˫սһĴΣĴϸͷվδȵ͹ˡ
źľ๣֪ҪӲ»ԿһҪܿĳȴڲһ˲䣬һצӣݺɨ
һǳɣæ֮мܣֻӲһǿһһצӡ
ǹɶʯѽĹʸУֻһȻצɨȥʮԶˤ䵽ϡ

һչᣬ·ɻգһĳţһڿ£ٴη˹
һغȻûܵ˺ɺڰи幥쳣Ϊӿи壬ŷеٶȣ䱾弫Ϊǿᣬ岿λ岻ضãһٶƣͻռ˹
ҪıԼƣҪաɺչизɵͼϾͱǰռݷе·ߡ
Ҫ£һͰˡ

ٴΰԼɷĴ״
̫ˣ
ֹɻľһöԷͻ뵽ԷƿؽУͻԽԽջ뵽ľСԸ˵һ֣֮
뵽һûܣӭͷһȭӭȥ
һ죬ͺײĵطƽһ㣬ʱһʮɵľ޿ӣ
ߵķһɳԶŵϣͬңײɳȥʮɣëڵء
ȵȣӵȵһвѣ˵һ崫ĴڣһšǿûгԹΪʲôҪҶ񶷣
˵⻰˺񣬶ΪҪԼźӣûҪΪһ׸Ķֻƴ
бԭԸϾؾػкܳ·ҪƴǵΪ
˫צһӵأһͦվͼһȻѵڵϵëͳͳջصϡ
ֻ۾дһ˿ӵɫ
ݺδ֣ôǰʾˣô¹ˣү㴵ͬһ㣬ԭĵС֮
Уǲмɫʮջ
ֻһĴУУ۽ȥӭκһ˻һأΪ˾ҵźӣǿݣǿҲ˳ۣҾȳˣԼʱ任طòã
ǿһڶ뾡ͻҪžͷء
ߣΪҵΪ˵ôϻûָܹǸ߹һ壡ҹֻҪʵһΰѡ
˵ţиֳһɿȵ顣
Ŷ֪ΰʲôϵѵɵҾʵȺΰı֮·ôЦʵ
ߣǺһ壬о춯صı£½˭˲֪ĸɾΪǵѪͳһֱżͳλ֮⡣ʥԳһ壬ΪôǿҲǱΪа
˵ȻоԵʵΪߣ㿴һ忪ʼµ壬ʥԳһ壬ûǵλ⹫ƽôԲƽҷҪıһƽ״
Ⱥ΢ƽһ˵һ𣬲һǰǧγɵġѪҺŵبѪҺѪ֮е֮˭ӵоӵеģ޿ɸıʵ޷ıġ
۾ﶸȻ˵ĹâһɺԣֻҪ㹻ʵʲôԸıģ֪ΪʲôôΪ˿үǲƾôָܹӵöңҾΪ˵õϵĶġ
仰⣬Լϵĺöȥˣʲôܹķ۰
Ŷǵĳĸˣʲôң
һĨаɫһĴУѪһѪͳҾΪģ
ȻôҲû뵽ȻΪ½Լġ
ô˵ǶҵѪѪⶫɲֲܹġԺĶֱ˵Ҳ


920 Ѳ
˿䣬ǳ˷ܣֻҪܹõѪҺҾаѪҺаһѪֲҵϣǸʱгǿʵټһѪ˭ң
źȵӣɵҡҡͷ
еĴ˵ˡ˵ôףҿһļ֣ѪԲȻѹƣҪܵ߹ƷʺֲĲҪء㣬ǵõȫеĸ߹ѪҺҲܵ־
ˣȻ˰˶ȣ۾мҪðˣ΢ĳӣ㶮ʲôֻоԵʵܵݵΨһ;ֻҪѪʵ˭Ҳң
ߣִֻʵߣؽΪʵ㸲ͨԵǰִԲߣʹΨһֶΡɣ㿴ʲôֵþʵ
˵ʲôҲûãԹһŪ㣿ֶ˵һģ̿ɲһԼʹ㣬ңҲʹˣ
˵ţȻһչᣬڳλãʮر𳤵ëһӼɳЩεë·һ˼ٵƿն
˫趯ͨԵλסʮͨԵ˼ҵײͰԵײĵطһĻ𻨡
ˣĲǲֶ֪ܼã˵ţ˫һڣ
趯磬ĺ޷Щ
ͷųһֺջȥһЩܶʼԷԼĹʼձֹ״̬ԼҪȫȻԼķѵҪ࣬ȥɲǰ취
뵽趯кݺһĵѵ˳ȥͨԵϵֱ˺
ʶõһȣֱɳ죬ܵĹ
ȻͨԵ趯˼£ܱߵĺ͵ͨԵķɳȥԶźٴιһյ˰֮ϡ
ţԲͨԵնȥ
һƥĵâնһȥ
˵ãڵĵâм䣬Ѱҵһ϶
㿪ڱصõһȻһʮȵĴͼϵëȫ˺Ķ壬̲һĺӲͬǶȹ
ûѡյǱһӲһ£

еĺϣ˼ΪӲĲһϷ׷ױأֺ
⣬ôܣ۾ԲһԾӲۿɳ
û뵽ëϣ˼ѹǸջѹ˴ˣѵҶô
䣬úŭգһеĳë˲صϣЩϸţëΧס
ЩϸëûгëӲɱȴǷǳͷۡͨԵҲһЩܹմϡ
ϸëͬһëһ㣬ǲͣβ壬ĸо
ָо޷оһԵĿҲǵӦ֣Ͻٻص飬潵ȥ
ϸζΰ㲻ҪʰôԣǵѪɡ
СսϺǱһΡʲôĹֶûЩһֶﶼǸƽԷˮһϰΪˡ
ɺϸϲЧʹĸоȥϵϸ𣬿Щ쳣̣θϵĺëһ𣬱˵ˣǾѾ
ʵܵܲˣӽָͳһڵеĵҩȡһȻȼЩҩ
һðŨ棡
п£ϵϸȫΪҽҲΪ˿ĸоʱʧ
ԭҲйʱֻϻջǵĺۼ̫أ治֪ۣ
һأֵ񳰷ˡ
ųڷĹУӽָͳһ·ϣͬʱпŴ
ۼȥһù˺ľ๣һȭ˺Ĳ
ʶȭͷһ˫һȣķɳȥ
ȵľᣬеŴϢӳ
һͷŴڿչһһԼֹۼ޴ӶܣһͷұߵŴþ๵סϲȻֻצݺһţΪĴȻһ˺أ
ҪҲóĶֱ˷ҵı顣ǰһ壬͵ͷֻצץ˹ȥ
ͨԵҪѺצĿû뵽ӶԷצϴһɾ޴צûĿͨԵǱײñøߡ
ûӦһֻצץסϾͿ
󺧣ͨԵʹצӣȴ˿ûáҪ˫צԷȴһɽһҲϾ˳ɽȣ޷
㻹ǱνˣҪ֪ҵצ֮£ûӹƽһúõġܵ⣬ӡУֻҪԷԼצƣͶ֮
ȻоצһʹͷһһϸĹ˫Լצ
ɿҿצӵжӲһ˵ţһ߼ӽ̡
񷢳һĳûסʹһצӰſ
ûͣڰգ˳½ͷ䵽˵档
٣񣬼ûŷݵģǽͷŸݣһ˵ţһ԰Լ˿
˼һԼצϵĹų˿Ͻͷġ˿֮ʮ㣬ƾôģ޷Ķ˿
ŷˣЦȴǺݺһק˿
˿̼䴫˺צϣڵ̵ĳ£еһ׵İľʹ̲ס˿ķ
תһʱͯĴ𣬸첲ƸȦݺһ˦
ǣĺ񣬸ͲҸ˿Կֻ˳ŴС
ùԵС񰡣һȦ˵ţһȦ
ۿܸԿӿмٽ䵽档һۼȥᱻһģԼ˵צӺݺһġ
һƤŵ̱צ¶˹Сһۿɼǵ˿ڡ
һ£û뵽ԼҲǹݵˡ
û뵽ұƵϣȻһʹѹ׶ĶҲˡǵһʹֶεˣҵҲӦ֪ˣ䣡


921 һҶ߻û
񻺻۾Ǽƣ֮ҪúϢһĿռҲƺźϢ뵽һɬ״̬
أϵëһЩëһɺճЩϸϸëϸĳһ䶯ճ䶯ϸë֮УͺմѪһ΢Сĳһ˶ĺͿֲ
ٿأ۾ûëԵøªһţһ춯صò˥
ˢ
һͬմѪϸһϸ𣬻һѪһĶУһȦȦһΧΧ
ЩѪγһŴΧġ
ϸ𻺻ӽǲΡΡڶֱӣĵ£
Ȼо𽥽ӽϸ·һϴһԼѪҺЩϸɹȥĸо
䱸òŬȹסԼѪҺ쳣Ĳ
ǲǸоѪҺҪɰܹԿô֪ǵĺһĺôô׾ҪͨʳǿΪʳֻо̻Ǻһ塣ڲǹģӵͲһ壡
һֿȵ˵һɳбǲʳ޳Ųʽ뵽ǵĶǵԹǵĺѪԹŭΪĺƷһҶԹŭɡ
֪ԹŭһֱܵѪΪ䱾ͱʳ̺Ѫ͸ǿңΪʲôӰ쵽ԼѪҺˡ
湻̬ģȻܰѱʳߵԹŭռתΪԼԸ˵һּܡ
ϸԽԽоѪҺ궯ļҪѹѾûпˡ
ߣǺһȷʵǿұĻǺԶļܣܹĴڶǿԼڣ㿴ʲôѪ䣡
һŰ׵ĹâЩŰ׹âͬһƣΧᣬأЩƵĹâһ˶ͷͷԽԽȻ˫Ŀ
һ˫ޱ۾Χ䶯ϸ

ͷһž죬һأΨҶӾ籡
͡
ϸϵճ罾µİѩһڣת˲ЩճĶʧЩϸȻڰڶȴֽĸоȡ֮һ޲ĸо
⣬⡭ôܣʲôа񾪺ò֪롣
ԡŰ׵ĹâͨԵһ˺
ۼŶԷȻ֣ԼĶ徹Ȼˣ
ѪҲҷɸ߹Ѫô֪ߵ͹ʲôֵôǰү͵ϮëʥԳһ壬ϽԳ֪е£ֻѪ̺Ļ򣬲߹Ѫ
ģֻǿ߲߹Ѫ硣
ߣûˣ̸θ߹󣿲ѪȻǿǰҪսֻͬǿֵսУŻǿֻҪ߾ͻԽԽǿԶ׵ģ
˭˵ģǺһҲǴСɱǿѵսǿôǲ
Ҳսڵ͵ȼУûоԵƿԣһ϶ͬһƽϣνսֻϵĲ죬ϲôڣԣ㻹ܲվսܣ㻹ʲôʸ˵вѪ
ŭޱȣŬ֣֮ͷų֮ѹ£ԼѪİĤݵĳУȻ޷ѡ
ⲻģǺһôȣҷˣ㣬ɱң
Цһָ񣺡ߣǺһĵ͵еġͷмءһĸ߹ѪǶѪı׶˾ͻᱩ¶šҪٳҵǰһ᳢ʲôζ
жǱˣѹǰͲҷУȥɣŻƷˡ
￴ߵĺϢҪߣȴŵһƢζ
˳ζһһֵֻĻ䡣
⻨ֻһһ߸ߣûκε֦Ҷֻһ仨䡣ֿ⻨Ļ꣬ϸƣЩ໨ĶʵճһģʵϾһɵĻ䡣
⻨Ҳûл٣򵥵ţǷųȴǺŨģԼλúͻľ㣬⻨ܹƮʮ
һۿȥ⻨Ǵɫģһգ۵ʱ䣬⻨ֱ˻ɫģɫ𽥼ɫɫɫɫīһĺɫ
Ϊǣ仨ɺɫ֮Աһ仨ΰ㳤ǽıãȻͬĻƬ֮䣬ǰĻ
⻨賤ͷʵ˿ֲڼʱ䣬ĿĵطȫĻ⣬
ߵĻ䲻ϱ任ɫоΧޱȡ
ȻеĻֹͣɫıãͣڰɫ״̬Χӳĵ׵һ㡣
һ΢紵ԼԼУ·Ů
֮˻㣬һʱл㱣·ĿĪڴŻ㣬裬ǵģҲԹ޻ڡ
Ȼ˫һͨһ˵ϡҪʱȵķ֣ԼѾʹκεˡ
֮£ԽҪվǸԼȫʧȥһͲԵָӣоҲľֻ˯ĸо

һ춯صĺΧʥޱȵĳ΢΢һΣָֻԭ
һоԼĺЩ˳ѵõĺ˳ٴκ
ŰʥĹâһ㰵ϱһƵĹâȡ
һ̾ϢԶ˹
Ǻοأڻ͸ȥһôҸ飬ƫƫʹһЩνֻʹ࣬ѵʹػűҸȥҪֵô
䣬һ޲ɷŮǰ
ܹԼˣۼŮǰɵϸǰŮ
ŮģȳƵͣһʤѩһŹټΪ´䵽һŨڵĳ΢΢һ죬ɴ䵽󱳣вʳ˼ζ
˭֪ؾزģ¶ģԲǼ򵥵ĴڣŮʹģпǷǳΣյĴڡ


922 
ǺǺǡ
ŮЦ
Ȥǵһֻ˭ˡһ˻ûмҵʱ򣬾˸ͻ֮¡ôܹҵˣҲһУҪҡѵûⷽô㲻
ŬԼľ壬Ȼ֪Ҫж磬ҪһʱĻָ
ҪŮһΪԼȫָӮʱ䡣
Ϊˣһ˵󣬶ŮˣȻģôβбһŮгζ
ŮҲЦû֦ҲǺǺǣ湻Ӳģʱ䣬ҪָܣȴóôЦɡҿΪԲô
ߣһ˫۶סŮ˵ֻȥƭˣȴƭңͲֳͨ塣仰˵Ǹ󣬵Ļ󻹲һıڻ֮Уһǳªޱȵġ
⻰Ůһʵôģ
Ϊ˵͸˵ĻԲϣ
Ůȵ˼Ц㻹Ĳ򵥣ȻѨԹô򵥣ҲҪվɥڴˡ
ŶôôأѾأѨԹҲĲŮҪָͻøǰŮһ
ߣǳªޱȣһֻѨԹĿθ˶ѡΪʰһʹѨԹˣǿʼ֪ΪʲôѨԹôŮ¶˼ΪĵɫͺһɶҲһ
ֳ˼ȤŮΪʲôﱻΪѨԹ
ŮƺҲģ͸ѨԹʵһΪ編ǷߵľѨλƶɵġ
ǽʵǴѨԹĵһأֻҪǵأѨԹͻȫѨԹĸһ̿
սĵطҲѨԹڣΪһѨԹҪܴԻڴźްأֻҪܹУʱرѨԹܽʡٵԲŻк
ɺݺʰˣѨԹòȫ򿪣ԶԸ
ѨԹ˵ˣһƵ巨ǽ൱Ƥ൱ڼ⣬൱ࡣѨԹĵط
ԴѨԹûͻƵελãܹʵЦˡ
ЩɵЦܻģһЩ棬ҲǰѲܱΪܶдġʼѨԹҲͲǲԽĴˡ
ŮȻɫʲô̱ΪҲ֪㲻ʱ䣬ûָԼôΪ˵ΪĥƤô
Ȼû뵽ԷҲĿĵġ
ҵҪ˵ЩΪʲô
Ůһӵժһ仨ţһҶ߻û֪ⶫô
ҡҡͷЦ˵ˣҺҲ¸ʲô
Ů渵һҶ߻ûʵԴԵһֲⶫԴɵصҽҽи޵ʬǻҽԼߵŹǻҽ϶һֶ
һҶ߻ûصܹһ;ѪнһҶ߻û֮ڵնᱻеһУӶΪС
ŮǳЦѨԹʵϾһҶ߻ûṩġͺอҪΪṩҸϻôãʵϾһҶ߻ûϵô
ͷˣһе֣һҶ߻ûΪʲôôɫʣ
ŶҲװɣһҶ߻ûֲͬɫĹʣֱӦķꡢ֮һ嵽ʲôʣ£ȫܹա㿴õĽҲΪЩõĻһ֣Ӧˡ
ţҲǸȥˣ㻹ûиʲôأѵôŲõЦŮ
ˣûҵ֣ȻЩɰ㣬ҽвԣʵֻҪȥĻԿǲ̫ʹģ㣬ŮһУǶôҸһ㣬ͽ͵ĵֿˡ
ܺãŬһ壬ŲЦȻĻôã㲻ɣ
Цݶʱסˣһֲ˼˵ʲô˼Ī㻹ʲôֶɱңڻһ˿ô
ҡͷЦܣбİ취ҵ۾㿴ƭô
ŶҵҪ۾ʲôǺǡҪʲô
ʶˣӦ˵ɣܹҵߣҵʶڣֻҪһļ䣬ҵָİ취ġ
˵赭дȴǰѿʩչ˼£ɿ췭˲еļ䣬ȻڲԵļУҵתİ취
һҶ߻ûͨĻ㣬ʹܵĹƻԶͷųȥΪ񾭵ĶأʧĹв쵽ʧΪʧһֿС
ֻҪסԼĺԼʶһҶ߻ûһϵܹʵת
ܹһҶ߻û磬ľиһҶ߻ûļܡ
ϰղʶеļܣһҶ߻ûϵ̼䣬͸еһɺƥһҶ߻ûԼʡ
ؽһҶ߻ûṩʱ򣬺ȻһҶ߻ûɬޱȣģĴȻԽԽСȻֹ
ʱָһ룬״󲻽⣬·˲Եļ䣬ԼֶβûдΪʲôһӱأ
Ե嶸ȻһɢһҶ߻ûʥ׵Ĺâһ㰵һҶ߻ûֳ˱ɫãһҶ߻û˲ӲӵĽɫ
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ƵĽŲԶ̧߽ͷ㾪°͡
߹һ׵ŮսʿһѤĽ׵ûжྪȣֻŮòѡ
ԣŮ̲סʡ
ŮŸһģһòֻŮüӢ䣬ǰǸŮЩʡ
ôңΪҺһģóմߵңϲʵһС
ЦȽ϶ԣҲϲղǸС椣̫ˣϲʵС椣ͬҲϲʵһС


923 ׼
ײɫ¶һĨЦ˵ðȻҲϲʵһУɣܿͻһˡ
һЦһ˵ɣŮ˶֣Ӯ˽ʤ֮䣬㣬ȥҵɾͲ̫ˡ
Ŷûô
ҼսУĺĸĴܣĸֻҪʹΪյзûӮҲ¼ҵƵһ䡣е˵ˣУŮıеıȱȽǣ˵ֻǼŭԷûȫָӲƴûա
ײЦǺãҾҪ¼ܲƵ
˵ţײ΢΢һ壬ֻһһײԹһǰֶ̧޻ڵһȭ
ôٶȣϡ֪Է򵥣˳ֵ˼׼ɶԷѸݵʼδ
ڶԷȭͷĹУڽײȭͷ֮Уһɾ޷һȭ磬ڽײȭͷδʱѾ˵ǰ£Ҳ̲ס΢΢һ¡
ڵʯ˲䣬ıҪһȭӭϵ뷨˫ִʮ֣˽ײԵһ
䣡
оһɽԼ˫ۣ̲סŵŵʮסΡ
Ľײԣȴνһ£úһ粽ǰǺ޻ڵһȭ
ûлۼԷպ«ưٴӭȥ
䣡
˶ʮಽ֪ͣԷŹ϶һԼһֱԼſΪֹ
뵽ҲƾԼɵʶܣ͵һбλá
Ա߷ʱ򣬽ײȭٴιȻ㿪ĹȴĵȭɨУڷи޷ȭʵʵƷһüжȭ
ߣǲʵôʵҲʵ⣿̫Цˣ
ײһ߷һȴζһһǼеԲĿֲ
ײ䳰ȷ죬Ƿ༥ߣǰ¾ղҪǸ·ҵͰˡһˣбһָٴ򰡣
˵˵ȥˣΪײѾŭɫԼĹٴμǿĿռ䷶ΧҫŽ⣬ڽײԵȫѹ£ĿռԽԽСԷѹҲԽԽе
ھֵĶսУɻľʧȥ֣Ϊεĸ֣ܹץסһʧռƣٰתʤơ
ڼ˲£ʱҪȡĴȡһܶԶԷ𹥻Ǿ·һ
ڵΪ⣬²һҶ߻ûߴ󲿣ҵ˻ָİ취ɻָֻһ룬ֱӵ˸ײԶԿʱġ
ȻôģҲҪˡײԵĹѾȫΪԷٶ죬ʮ㣬ܹĿռԽԽСˡ
ƴˣٲûлˣ
ڽײٴκʱӭŽײԵȭͷȥȭݺݶһȭ
䣡
һըһŷ˶ȭĵѳֲѷ죬ΧһҶ߻ûҲҳһһ㡣
˼ʮû£ؿȴشһ㣬ѪӿŻѪ
ײҲʮһַ˼ȻЦˣǺǺǣƴˣǴɣ
˫ֿĶʱ䣬ӽָקͨԵʱѾûκαıҪˡһͨԵĵХĿײնȥ
һ鶯ѣ⣬ΧĿռ䣬ֱָײԵͷ­
ߣֶεĻķҲ͵ΪֹˡײԺٺЦ˫ֽǰʮָһɢʳӽײԵָϼɳ
һ·һ㣬Ծ֮Χס˵飬Եչ˷ع
ڶǱȺŹһİʶϵϵģ鱻һʶҲ·һǼشƬ̵ʱ䣬͸оԼͷʹѣʶ⵽شĴ
֮£ֻðѵٻأವһ´ܵ˽ײԵǰ
ȻǾģ
ͨԵ𣬻ȭײԵĸȥײȻû뵽ʱҽսעȫڿƽ棬һȭݺݻС
һײԷɳʮԶĽ⣬Ҳͬʱ׷״ϡ
;ûһΣʮȻûаж˿飬ǿֲĹȴ˳͸ÿһ֣ʹ
ǽײԺһιĻʮ£Ҳһ¡
˶еٶۣӦվšüĿײԳȥײָӽٴι
ʱѾȫǹĻˣһģȹȲ㣬Ǿͱȱ˭ɡ
ʮǽײܲסˡֻһʱ򣬹ǲײԣɰʵȴԶԶڽײԵġ
ЩǣײҪƽ⹥͵ʶƣڰ׼ϾҪЩǴ幥ڴ˵ʱѾ׼˰ܱȽײǿһ㣬ۺ˫˵ƴʵ˵ƴݡ
ײջ˽⣬Цû뵽㻹ƴΪҾ㲻ɣ㿴׵
˵ţײ˫ֻǰ˫ּһŨĽԣⶸȻ˽׵Уڽ׵ıγһ״Ĺâ
ĹЩ
ǰһȭӳȻػûнӴײԵ壬͸оԷϵĹ̾Ȼ綾һݺԼһ¡
һ£Ȼûж˺͸оһ飬ǰҲݲֺ
ײԴЦݣһţݺ¡оԼҲ⼬һ£ʱֵģײݺݵһţоеȫͷŵԼЩĸо
ɳһˤ䵽ϡеսУûǱѾǺٳֵˤϻоʹǵһƷζ
ײԻ˸ĹậߵǰҪҪٴսԼԲѣ޷֧Լٴվ
Ŭ˼£ͷվ뷨
ײʮԶľͣһЦЦ۹⿴


924 ʲ
ЦôͣˣҶܶˣ㻹ôѵˣ
ײޱЦҡҡͷ˫ֺŵرǰ
һĵ͹ˣû뵽ʹռֶβܰסҲٴʹÿˣҵĽײܹһйý׼̵סʶܵòԩ׿¼еʾĻǾƶɵġ
ײ˵ţָ߸ڽײԵϣһһʵԵĽ档
ǿ㻹ûǿܸں¼͵ԿյҲֻΪṩеһǿҡ
˵꣬ײֺݺݻ£ǵʵԵĽռͷͷն¡
Ŭһ㿪˽Ĺն䵽ϣʱڵնһʮɣԼһɵĴӡ
Ҫνôʵ㱾ôʹģԽܵʹͻԽࡣȻǾһè׽Ϸ㵽ֵܹʲôʱ򡣡
ײ˵ţĽһһη𹥻ϷײԵĹЦ
ٿأ͵ײ׳һںĶײԳнһźںĶƬƬƬƮ䵽ϡ
ߣһŴסң̫Сҽ⽣ˡ㻹ʲôֶΣϿʹɣȻûлˡ
Ŵײ鷳һʱ˳˼ʮȻϻԸоܹˡ
ײԣǲѾԶˣѵû뵽һͻȻ䷭ôһֻĪЦݶԽײ˵
һףոʹó˿ΪһϵôֶͬȻ˼óҶ졣ײԲм˵
治˼һûÿ㡣㻹ǵ˵ĻôϲʵһеĶ֣ҲʵһСոո˵Ľٺ٣˼Ҹպƽ֮
һýײԵĶȻͻһ£˵ƶĻɣ˵ֶκ׺쳣ƴ˼ɲѡ
ٺٺ٣ֶδѾ˰ɣΨһܹģƾǿһˣͨĻ״ݻҵ־н׼̣κβҵģթңһǵģײȻ˵ƽĽŲȴͣ
թô㻹ŵòǰˣ㲻µĻܷһƵ鼥
ãҾͿʲôƽ֮
ײȫעһһӡƹ
ӽָһͳһƿƿ򿪣ָմһ¡ȻְѴƿŻص˽ָС
ߣ㲻ҪŪˣΪƭˣ򣡡
ײжƣԷʵûоİ취ȴŵʱ䣬ԴﵽָսĿġ
ಣ
ײԵһ㱼ǰĽ⽣ݺĲ
΢΢һͷӭŽײԵһ֣Ǹڴƿմ˵㶫ָݳ
һغϣײ˵üʵǴ̽ĿĵġһҲûпٶĹʱ򣬽ײԸоָһԼ塣
ֿԣײЩֻĸоԼĽн⼬̣һָͷԼ˺ô
תײԿͣ˦֣Ц׼˵ζΰ㲻˵
˵ײԸоˣΪԼĽָλúȻһ󶴡죬ͬǿҵĸʴҺһ㣬һڣ
ʲôײԾʵ
֪û˵½ɨһСޣС޽ǯʴޣǵҺܹʴ¼еʡĽ׹ȻҲֵҺĸʴ
ʲôȻôĶܣⲻܣֶ½ˣƭңƭңײһʱ侪ʧ룬ڲԣ׸ʴٶԽԽ죬ܿӵȫ
ûбҪȥƭһˣ˵ϲʵһУҾʵ㣬ҲǶһء
ɫȻޱȣһ˽ײԡ
ײԵĽѾʴֻ¼Ƭѩ׵ļĸʴҺ׺Ҽĸо
ҡײҪģģȴ޻ڵһȭ
ûнףʲôҲǣ˵Ķô
䣡
ʵʵ˽ײԵϣײԵͬһ̲һػ·ɽѪɽһҶ߻ûĴУգۼͱյһɶ
һƨ˵ϣһ²ûɳʱľսѾЩƣߵĸо
ԴϢ˼ڣմӰ²ķһָԼܿ죬ͻָײԶսʱʶ⵽صĴҪָʶô׵ģֻһ£޸
һҶ߻ûȻ˸ֻڽ˸У˰׺ͻɫʣɫ
뵽һֿܣǲÿһɫӦһԣÿһԵļܶͬأ
²Ļǽһޱͷ۵顣ǲηѣɲ鷳
һ·űصһҶ߻ûȥ
֣ԽߣһҶ߻ûƵʾԽ죬ЩһҶ߻ûǼɫɫۻңҪѣεĸо
Ǳ۾ҲûãоǱõɫȻܹݵԺУɵͣ˽ŲŬס񣬾Ǳõɫĸš
ãоЩˣȶĸžͲôֲҲʧ
Ȼõɫͣ͸һʵɫʣɫҲ֪ݣ͸о·ʱƺʱֹͣһ̣ΧĿռûκεĲ
һΧһ㣬͹âһܰĸоֻĿ֮ûκεĶ·ųʵ֮һĿռ䣬гһУ֡
žĿռȻһ΢磬΢͵ؾΪ΢деһɵµġ
һҶ߻ûڱʥ׹âʱͷų㣡
΢ȻֹͣһŮһ㸡ǰ
ԣжྪˣ֮УҲĸۣôôѲ·͵ظ
ǺǺǣʲôþȵôɵ˰²ԣײԣúʲôŮȴǷƵаζ


925 ǧ
ʲôһ˵е㲻˼ˡǰѾɵٳٸɵ£ô뷨ʲô
ѵΪԸǰ̫ӰڰɣѨԹûдѵھˣǻ̸ʲôȥźӣ
뵽ɵ滺һ´ǰʲˡ
һ濴һĵطˡ²ԣ˵ĸоʥޱȣͺǲʳ˼̻һײԣһ˵ƣһΪսսʿһ
ǰʲôӽѰ˵ָо
ƽһʲԣ˵ĸйٴ̼ȴͬˡɫ棬һɫĨأϸɴԼԼܹصķ羰ӳģѩļиӾϵĴ̼Ǿ˴ġ
ǰ߸߹ĵطɫĨҲ͸¶һЩ羰Ĳ˵Ѫ˲ʱš
ӯӯһԻɫĹճµߣȥȹɫʲԵԲĴȱ¶ţܲӴٵˣϿųˡ
ʲǳǳЦôԶ㿴ô
˵ţ߹ÿһǻǡôŤںͲ֣˻޵롣
˵䣬ʲѾŤǰ죬ҪסĲӡ
ֻһ˱Ƕ룬ֻᵽһ㣬;ôСһаа쳣֮ң޲ҪϷйһ㡣
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оʲԱǰԻҪΣգ΢΢һʲֱۣһȭϢ
Ԥ룬ʲԶȻĸǣһȭȻʵʵʲԵϣ
ǣʵʵʲϵһȭȻͬʯһʧȭͷϴϸУûȭĿּĸо
ǡ
ʲԽµĵ棬ѳƣʲȴһ鶼ûС
鴤һ£ܹԼȭȫתƵ𴦣ʵ̫ˣǻԼܹȫҲʲȫߣ
ʲĿˮһתָŴȥһ˵Ӵûĵģ㾹ȻңѵԴһõô
ָڶצ֪ʲԼǿ֣Լ˿Ĵͱ
뵽ִӽָקͨԵһʲԵָնȥ
ȻһͨԵʲԵ϶ȥһ߿һʲôҲûпԷָȻԼŴ
󺧣ˣʲԵθ죬ӰһǸаָۿžҪ㵽ϡ
æ֮УһͷһͷײʲԵĻһײûͨԵһնʵʵײĻС
Ӵԭôļû㾹Ȼô˵ţʲ˫һ§˻С㣬˳ıֱڡ
ɲǼ䣬оԼЩԾˣһѪҺȼһĳ嶯Щơ
ϽݺҧһԼ⣬ϵľʹһֲƵĳ嶯
ˢ
оԼ
ɴʱʲԵӵһ𣬽ӴĵطһУһҪƿʲԣȴһ˺ʲԸĹ
Сܵܣֿ治ʵѵ̲סôʲԵ·굽ԺһǹɲƵĳ嶯һ̧ݺײʲԵؿڡ
ƴһ⣬ȻûԷ˺ʲԵȴǷֿˡ
СܵܣȻҵ·ΪʲôأʲԵ߹ƻԣʴǵʲŤԼ¶Ľ׵ĸ
ҹۿϽڵסԼߣһ֣ȴԼʲԹɫһ
ͣ
ɫһһɢǰ
ԽԽŨȻ⵽ĿռζΣԼٶȷӵ£Ҫ
֣ԼܵΧĺ޷ѡ
ѪѪ
Ż˲ֱӵĸоеĸй١
ܹ죬Ѫһ·ġǣû뵽йٵѪԼô𺳡
һŵʿ£ѪͲ֫ڰзһҵĻԺв֡
죬˴ɱ֪ѪѪĵôڣҪѪɣɣɣֻҪѪʳһͽڣɣȻ㽫Զ뵽Ԩ޷԰Ρ
һں֮ƮԵʮãеÿһ֣ͬһԺк
СܵܣǲϷĵ¶ˣɣһûյġ
Уһ׵帡ǰѾûκεڸˣʴǣ꣬ǿѹסǸյԼѪδջǰʱԳĸо
££ʲôˡǸѾûĲԣۣջ֮ܡ

һŭָԼ̫ѨϺݺһ
Դػ֮ѵĸоɺе֣Ѿܹѵ˵ġ
ʱӿֳɵĺЩһĻĽƮ
ҪܣŨŨĺǽΧĿռһƴȫҲ޷֡
Ľ̿Ȼӿ˫ȡʱоԼڵѪҺһ㣬Ȳӿȥ
ûӦһɫĴĻԼϾɫĴĻУ·꣬Щ곤ͣҧ
û뵽ʲԾȻܹŪôֲĹЩԼ޷ֵֶܵͻӦġ
Է壬ǶĸйǿҵĴ̼Щ̼ĹҪϰٱ
ΪʲôѡһֵܹĽأѵҪ޾ʹĥȥôʲԲ֪ʲôʱ·ǰʴǵʵ
ǿһЦ˵ô˵еĽֶһģնģֻ˵Ļֽ֣ƭԼȥģһսʿѡʹḶ́ǲѡҵĽѾô㲻¶Ϊʱأ
ǺǣҾϲɵɵĻӡҲܹǿĹҲսʤһĴڡ˶зգµģǧ壬ƽô


926 ۽˿
һʲ˵ģһЩǿĹԲһĴڣֻҪȫȥӭӾˡ
ʤǰܣ˫ʵࡣսϾȴԼԼϾϾ죬ɷδȥܻµķա
ССķգԴ˵кܶණʵɼġͺñȥɱһˣѵɱ˵˾ôѪôڴ˵ġ
Ȼʱ˵ܹԼԸȥġ
Ҳɱһʮ˻ģɶɱ˵˵ϾһĵǱصֶأǻĳʱǴһԼġ
ΪζգΪòգΪջ󲻵öգΪջȵȴֺڶա
֮ʹĻľ𣬵ʤŵȴʱ̵ķա
ͨǲսʤģΪеķս۵õûеõ㣬֪ġ֪ʱ̿˵ģԼǷǡ
ջ֮䣬ն
ûɱ¾ҲͲѪԡѪҺܵĵķӦûɥ֣֮Ҳûо֮ʹĸоûȻܣҲͲǹɲƵĳ嶯
ʲԵǧգ乥֮ԼֶжǿǶԷԼǱʶܹѷյжǿ
һĻĻһ׮׮һԺУЩָܹĸдһЩصģʹҲչֳ̲סһ¶ʹı顣
ǺǣСܵܣǧյζôҪ֪ԽǿͻԽ󣬶Խ󣬾ͻʹԼԼĿʾԽǿһçķӦôǺǣ޷Ӵ
ԣ֪ڶʲôоôȻʮֳϿҵ˵
ʲĿתؿ˵ôأȻˣҾͺúòһ¡ǷĶͲ˵ˣٺ٣룬һǺ޲ʬζɣ
Ŷҵˣôôأʵ
ѵô赲ס㣬޷ѨԹһܵôʹ࣬㲻úôңǧУһЩĲ뱻ĶᱻɱȿһҪ˵ңǲƭҡʲƶ˵
˵ĶԣҲԡ˵ΪȷʵôһʱҸһˡڣҪֿ˵лл㣬ҪΪǧգһҲ¸صһЩ飬ллĵһԭ򡣡
˵ȻĬ
ʲԵĺĴЦʵûǻеڶԭô˵أѵ빴ҵĺģԴΪҷһ
ҡͷЦҪôĻֻ˵̫ˡҪлĵڶԭҺȻӦԷյİ취ո˵еʹʱ˲٣ףһеķսִֻҪִһоͶǷա
˵꣬˫ۣһٴγֵʱȥϾЩվԼԽĮȻЩվԽûȤΧת˼ȦͶȥˡ
أΧߵķһȥҧԼʶȶסһҲҧɧţ̩Ȼԡ
أЩҧʱͷ·ҧ˼Ӳʯͷһһȥ
ȻɫԶȥĬĬעӽµĺɺӰԼѪҺҲ궯ѪҺϾֻҪĬĬʶѪҺ򣬲һŨŨĺȻһɢȥˡ
źɢЩҲ񾲵̬ɢȥʱ徻Ŀռ䣬ʣʲˡ
㣬㡭ôܹƽǧգ⣬ⲻܣʲ۾͸Ų˼飬
ûʲôԵģ֮Удǻۣǻл۽۽İİ۽ն˿ǧգȷʵ˵ĵһûãÿɣû´֮ӦþѨԹһҪȥˡ
ʲôʲԵ¶˾ı飺ô֪ģ
ǰ²Իǽײ˵ģѨԹʵϾǷߵķһҶ߻ûڵλã൱˵λãӵеǧӦڼĿ飬һѵӦѨԹռô
ߣ̫ˣأڣȥʲסȥ·ݺ˵
ʲԣ¶һ˿ɫ
Ҳɱ㻹Ƕ㿪ɡֶζҾƣѵͲϧԼô˵Żɵ̾Ϣһ
ʲһЦᶼЦˣʲôǵҽĻҽ޿ݹǺߵĿݹǻҽɾһҶ߻ûĹҲһҶ߻ûеģڵǰеһҶ߻ûϣ
ɫ˵Ѿ֪ȫϸˣǸ²ԺͽײʵҲһֻ֣ȥˣΪܹɵҡʵҰǸɵˡŲѳѵô
ôʲеˣѵа취ɱôҪǾǸ£ɱҰ
ȻЦЦ˵ҿûǸҪɡΪҵȭͨԵ˲û취ˡʵΪһҶ߻ûıӲܹҵĹתơ㼯߻ûеɫܹɷ壬Ҳҵ翳յԭɡ
˵ؿʲ˵ҪǾƾЩ˲㣬Ǿʹشˣ˰²ôҵˣ֪һҶ߻ûתƣֻҪĸһҶ߻û㻹ô
ʲԶʱֱ񿴼µĹһ֮ټȡ֮ǾԵĿ־塣
ʲı֣Ҳٸ
ˣʲ԰ڰ֣תͷѨԹȥ
һߣһ˵ҽѰһǿһɽĵطӣṩ޾ҪĵطһҶ߻ûеһЩڣҷġ
֪ǳʲôŹʲԣʱƶľһ֮ɣһʱЩп֡
ǰѨԹռڣԶԶһ˶ޱȵİɫ䶯м﷽ԲźԶоŵͷųһ޵
Ҫһʲô࣬Ϊ̫С޷ֱ档
СĽӽɫţͷųʶ׽ǵȻͷųʶһɲǣǹɵȻʧˣ


927 ֮
𾪲ѡ
Ҫ֪ܹɢĲ˵ǰĵط̺żΪֲû㹻ǲġ
ʧ˵ɢ£ܿƵġܹշ磬ԲǼ򵥵Ĵڡ
ҲȻˣӽѨԹһ·ж֣һƽĴڣѨԹռڣҪû̫˳Ծ֣Щˡ
뵽ЦŴ̤ʧĵط
һ޴ĳнǰ޴и𺳵ģӲϵĹģǳǽǽ彨ģʽ
磬ĳгǽשʯݳ壬ȻĨɼΪ⻬ӣԵ÷ǳࡣ
ĳǽȫһȻʯɣмҲûκεճϣһʯΪǽɵһ˴˼˿Ϸѻһ𣬳ͻ֮⣬û¶ķ϶ĵط
ģĳУһϣͨĸĳţһûȵĳţͨһŶֱӽڡ
һŲ߽ûȵĳŵС
˳ţ˼ֳˡճôĳУһӦǼΪĽֵһߵķݡ
ӳģȴһǽͬߵĺǽǽֻڣͨ￴ȻǸ߸ߵǽڡ
һ£߽еһڣһΧǿԼССǸ߸ߵǽڡ
龰뵽ԹֻԹУŻֻѡǰнĵ·
ǰǽڣڶ˼֮࣬ףҪнеľͷֻѰҳһ·
Թƣǰһȷĵ·Ĳ·У·ͬҲżΪΣյ壬Ե˽·εģԼҪ
ͷϵգҪȥе岼֣ȴո뿪棬ͱһǿĴѹһ˼Σûзա
Ҫ봳Уֻڵǰˡ
ˣΪʲôģһͻأ
󾪣ܵһҪ֪ʶѾǿ󵽱̬ĵزǶвĶֻҪ߲Զľ룬ܹܵõ
һأ˵֮ʮľ룬Ȼûио˼˵ŷˣܲԾô
ǸûаСӣģҶûжġ
ϸǰһеģüףһӣֻ۾üۼ˵Ĵζһ׽ĸо
ͷüĿɲҴ⣬һҶ߻ûĲǺεʥ࣬ǿǷַҪĴڰҪʲô֮ĶԼҸӵˡ
˭Ϊʲô˵ʵ
ͷһ˵˵лӣСӣǿ㵽زҪİ㣬ôôĽ䱸ǲûԶŰǲٳŵʱ㸸ĸ߲Ҫİ˵û£
һϯ˵ֱۣϸͷ˵Ҳûеô˵˼ǹǻ˼ǻˣҲҪѷдϡ
뵽˵
˵Щ˵ȥˣΪҪѨԹģĻ治˵ԼͿˡ
ﻹܸʲôž£ΪܳȥΰɣȣҲ֪ôᣬʲô£ȻŵˡСӣδӻأɣ˰
ʱɴӣæʵǰʲô˼ϸһºòã
ͷһͬò˼鿴˵㲻ʲôģŵųǣʲôģǾ͵ǰȦһӱȥô򵥣Ϊж
ųǣȦ
еɵˣͷĽͲûףǸͿˡ
ͷ治ףʮųô¡
ųǵͷ治С֮еһַ˵ַҲ޽ɵġ
Ϊӣڱĵط޽˲ٵľסأųǾͽԶķųǵԭסҲϲ֣׷װǨضΣųǾͽ
統УµҲɷ֮һ㶼бıӣһ˵̫ܵĳͷ
Щ˷̫ڴŰЩšЩ˲ŵ磬ӵģ˾ųǡ
ͷųǴһͳһ緸֮˵ŵءܹģǷļһҲûҪٷųȥͳľۼö֮ͱΪ֮ǡ
һʶ㿪ͷôģųǳֵǺô
ͷ˼ܲм˵ǲǾҲǷµʮ֮ԲſҰʮ˲٣Ϊ˴˼ʧܣһµñ͸ġ
ͷһ߷߲ƽӣɵðѾøԶˣǰ˴ûаԼ˵ǻ˵ϰߡ˵˵ʲô±ŵģ֮еһЩ
ʲôͷüëӶ켷һˣԿͷķŭ֮Һߣ˭˲֪ĸôȻôФ֮ˣ
㱻ţͷӦδҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ǰɳɳɣҺߣһҲףΪʲôﰡʲôųΧĵطɢİ
仰ʱˡ
ǸǸʵ㷹ԣúÿңǻôʵҾųǵ棬½·ָһԽ׬ô˶ѽ˶ѡ
͸סˣողŽӴһ£Զ϶ʵܲû뵽ȻֻųǵΧ㷹ԡ
ûճĹӦ벻ףûйӦĻôȥ
ޣôģҪ˵ųǲۼĳءÿһʱ䣬һЩճƷ͹ųвײеļһһȫЩˣûˣֻ۰ͰͿŶûκεİ취
û뵽仹ɧѵû뵽ԼҲųǵˣǰԼҲȥô
ǰ֪Ϊʲôģܸ˵˵ô֪ȥüĿϼһôͱŵųأ


928 ͯ
ܲܲôǵⰡԵ÷ǳ꣬ôľթƭ˼һôôģѰƭ˱һҲˣƫƫͱˣһ֮󻹲꣬Ȼӵˣڰôĺڣ
˲ѿˮ˰ǰλһƭӰ
ǴüĿӣôҲ뵽˻ƭӣ
ҲӦǾϻƣα棬ƭӣ˭ƭ
СӣǲǳЦҰҿɾ㣬ƭ߼ıֶΣЩɱɱڵˣҸͲһεġôģһӻӪû뵽˴ȣǸʦү
ƭӳ̾ȻһֿܣüͷһʵԣͳòʣӦƭʱ׽סӦбԭ㲻˹أƭ֮ƭɫ˰ɣ
۾һӵɵԲֱ˵ô֪
˵ʶסͣеϢѾȷ͸¶˾Ƿıϡ
ȣˡɫǹιǸֵҪΪűƭһҼСһܣܱץס㣬֮Уûܹ
˵ҲЩйˣʣµĶ˵ˣ˼Ҵһٲ˵ҲΪŵ
鴤˼£ûסЦ
ģεؿһϽתƻ⣺ôģǱ߱ģҸ㰡֮ǿײ֮Ϊ˵ˡҲ֪ĸӰƳԹӣžͻ϶ˣϴ٣
ۼԼĨнͰԼľ˵һ顣ʾֻҪܹ·Լȥ
ʲô磿֮ǶǨƵˣ
ˣ𼤶ǱƵѨԹУһԸˡҵʵ˰ɣֻҪҴ·ұ֤ܳȥ
һĲм˵㣿ȥҲĻסȸ·ѺòãǱҩ֮Ķ㶼Ե·øңҵָ㣬·Է׻㲻ġ
һЦӽָͳһ˵ĵҩ䣬ʵⶫô
ֻҪˣеĶõģⵤҩȫĳطƷɲװʵǿ͵еʵôģȻҲҪԶȥιĶٵ㣬˵ҷôĿ࣬Ҳټӵɡ
ϼһâ˸ǵҩûꡣ
ҡҡͷָһҩ
ãȻôʹ죬Ҳ㵱ֵˣңҹܱ÷ˮ벻Сĵ㣬ǰ浽˴ͯĵˣ׼㶫ǹ·ѣǵ˹ųĵģȥıĺѿġ
˵䣬תһ䣬ӭ߰˳߶ĺӡһʯļ⣬׹⣬ͷһͲ֮
ٺ٣λϴˣˣҪȥݰݣλϴи㡣
ֵĺһ䣬ɭɭ¶˴ƭӣʲôɫ᣿
俴ǺܲԸƭ⼸ֵģó䲻ҵˡ鴤һ˵ˣʲôأТͯϴĶ϶ϵġ
˵꣬һͱ˵ó㶫£Ȼѿġ
ҡҡͷգ˵ʲôҲҪɷһĺӣҪﶯ֣治֪ʲô鷳֮ǵռڣΪϾԼĿĵġ
뵽ӽָͳҩҪݸ󺺡
ôģ򷢽лӰϵĽָøǿһϹҪϵĽָ
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һ˵ţһץȴ뱻˫ץס˵һŤ˶ʱһŤ˵ϡ
֪ô˵ôүҽ̽ǣ˵ô˵аЦ˵
ôǣġ
ûȴ󺺰Ѻݻ˵꣬ݺһŤ󺺵󣬾ǲһ󺺵Ѿˡ
үү̧֣С۲ʶ̩ɽ
˻֪˰ɣò¡޺һ˦֣ɿ󺺡
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߶߶ʱȻһըһô£ʲôˣʲôɥ
ˣһһһһɶĴ󺺳˵ǰ俴ͷȶˣһƨϡ
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һɥĴ治Ҳգ˵Լ£ƫƫңҾϻ㶫ûź㰡ɵãֱҪȥ
׳ۿͷܱϸղ󺺵ܺˡһ񣬹ͭɫļһŴӣһüëˢһ۾ǿȥѾţһһͷ
ôģô£ôŪˣͷףĴһ
ͯү˸ˣƭǸСӡ
ͯ۹һתͷĿСӣʲôͷȻҶҵˣ֪ʲôô
ЦʲôͷûУֻ²˵˻Ҿǽ̽ô˵ѡ
ͯǳ鴤һ£˵ƭӣˣҲóеΰɡ
ŵ촽ֱ£ͯϴⲻҵ£Ҿǿ˳ǣѰ˼Ŵȥͷ˭֪ⲻǹôТλϴⶼǶõĹذҲǴ׬ѣҸ͡
ͯɭɭһЦִ䣺Ȼ£͸ҹһȥСӣ㲻ȥݱˣͱǰһˡ
˵ţͯһ̧ȣһֻѾ˲̧ͷϣݺһȣ
ǲͯһ֮Ҳ뱻ԷĽŲȵԱһһͯĴѾӺݺݲȵ˵ϣ澹Ȼͬһҡ˼¡
СӣҶ㣿վסȻĺѿͯûӣǳ


929 鸽
㱻ͯЦˣһﲻ֪ǲȱҶ򲻵˼һԹ˼Ҷ˼վסˣⲻǰѱ˵ɵӣԼ˵ĻԵɵ

ͯˮͰСȭͷݺҲû룬ӭͯȭͷȥ
ͯȭͷݺݺȥһȭ
¡һ죬˶ȭĵطһը죬ȭǿҵĳߵǽڶҡβѣʮͯҲ
û£ͿˣǱǿҵĳʮԶ󺺵ˣȴǿѪĭӣԲѡ
󾪣֪ͯû뵽ԷȻôǿҪ֪Լȭܹɽѵصģһȭȥû˵ͯڶȭ֮£Լ˳ľҪͯԶöࡣ
ɴ˿ɼͯǿᣬһҲԼ
ʵ𾪵ܹ֮ͯһƾľԼǿ޼᲻ݵ
û뵽ϵС㣬ǿ̶ȣиԼȼ˼
֮࣬ͯҲֶԷѷԼҪԷƴΪϲߡ
뵽ͯ໵һٴϣˮͰȭͷʵʩѹԵĴ򷨡
ǿԲȡԷģط̫ȱˣǼ̵ǽڣǽֻ֮һɿխҪ·Ļǹˣͯľһ£ûŲĿռ䣡
ƵǣǽϵСſɲԼҪһ·ȥҪײǽˡ
֮£ֻһ¸ͯӲײУÿһµĶԿԳԵ
ҪڱĳʲôĻУһغһغϳԿ͸оЩˡ
СӣΪе㱾¾͸ͯүǰNɪˣҵô˵ӽôˣ
ͯۼÿһθԼӲҪԵϵԽԽ߱۳һȭӳȭȭͷ򵽵λкܳһξ룬ܹͷųͯȭͷֱͬһ
һ糤һǿʱֵ쾡¡
ͯȭͷܵݵˣһ߳ͯ廹мߵľ룬ֱûˡ
Ȼ䣬еһʵвãͬˣҲû·ˡ
㻹ĶܣŴ򣡡ͯ˷ܣһȭͷһܣȴ·һɽѹסһԶֺ
ͯһֻ֣־ץסزֻ㹻󣬾Ȼǰص߬
ͯ΢΢һپһᣬ˱ͯץס
ȥɣͯݺһߣʹˤǽϡ
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ǽҲ湻ʵģݺײϣֻҡ˼£ûеȴ˵档
ϻûйĸо·Ųλһ㣬ûһоʹġ
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Ѱ˼һܹˤûͯĻɴˡ
ͯ߸̧ţ׼ݺݲȴϾ͵һͯǰͯһȾǰ
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ͯپԼվȣһͷԵڵء
ôĿͷأһ³ǽһ졣
غ󣬶ͯһȵϥǺݺһšΪͬǿ˵֪ЩλŻԷ޴ʹ
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һ㣬ͯЩλܶÿһλãһȭš
㲻ôôҾ͸ôˣûѧˣѧᰤ֪ô֪ΪɶҪѧᰤôΪѧᰤϸ˾͵ùˣ֪ôţôţ
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ʼʱ֪ͯסҪɵ˺籩һĿŹ£ͯķѾûκˡ
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µҩָʱȻͯ巢˸°͸°͵
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ͯҧгݺ˳ڵһվ
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ͯһȭھ޴ȭͷΧһֲĿУڿУЮɫͯȭδЩɫѾ
һԶźĵĹϢһʱ䣬·оһصľսʿԼ־ڱصõһ
㽣ֶĤݵϣɫ
֪⹥ıŷ͸ԼһƲɵﻹһ
æдӽָгͨԵԼǰһᣬסͨԵһ
ˡ
һͯһȭͨԵϣͨԵ˴δй죬󼲷ɡ
䣡
˴ݺײ˼ʮǽϣ䵽Ϸ˼ͣ
Υҹճǰǰͣ˸߶·Сڸ質
ˣ
ͯһÿһǲȵĿϣ̲סһķҡ
Сӣܹҵľ鸽״̬°һȭģǵһܿϧ㻹ҪΪھ鸽սʿǰǴûлڵģ
˵ţͯһؿûˣ屻ͯסͯйһݺŤŽţƺҪһ㡣
ͯѽŲȴûԼеҲ̶ã֧飬ϵ·һһģ徹Ȼ
ʲôȻܹھ鸽սʿҴ棬㻹治򵥰ҿ㵽ֶܼã
ͯЩץˣû
Ȼͯٴθ߸̧ȵʱֻض㺮â
ͯûһзǺݺһȡ
ǲأ

ǲóĵ̧̳ͯŵʱڵϣͯһŲȶϣһ̸ͯ׵һʹ
̧ͯţ˵϶ϳصĵ̡
㣬㡭ôậ֮㵽ʲôˣͯЩˡ


930 ׼ҿ׺
һͯȻ⵹ЩηЦǼҵĶʲôôСֵģӣӴǺãϽǸһῼǷһ
ⴿթԷͯۼͯôɵŻŻͯҪܳɵĻʡ˲
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936 Ӱƽ
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938 
ƽƵòѪԼϣ죬ɶԷǻȻδһɶԷȭͷ䵽Լϣǿ飬һʹ
åִ򷨵ģͲ·򣡡ƽѪĿߡ
ЦЩûõģܴӮǺȭ㵹·죬åĴ򷨰ӻˣʱ˵ЩûõģǺúѰ˼Ѱ˼ôɡ
ۡ
ƽһȭһȭĻŹмֲסˣ԰׵ѾڱѪŪˣһѪ䣬ûƽӵĿֲ
ˣͶˣͷأǰӣһûãǾǸϿɵ£Ť£ȻģǰĲ衣Ҳֵܼͦģҿ㵽ֶܼã
˷ˣһȭȭȭȭ⣬Ƶ˲
ڣƽֲסˣͨһˤڵأǰ˵ͣŤ壬¡
ֻƽûġ
ڻƽϣȭͷһ˻ƽϡ
ӲģӲҿ㻹ֶܼã˵ţϵҲʼһӴ
ȻоЩԣΪµĻƽûбŰ֮ήң˷˼
Բ˭ǿĻ֮£ֿԽԽСģûоطһ˵ɻƽȴǿӲ
ˡ
ƽͻȻĿĺ⣬оԼһɾ޴𣬻ƽʱ򣬲ΡΡվǵѪֻ۾¶ҰһĹâ
û뵽ɣһ㷭ĻᣡոǲƭңͲܰѺӸƽĻǴѹĳһ
һ֪Ҳƭȥˣǰôˣƭϵô㲻ңҵ㣿
ֱ׳ûмƽĻƽЦʣʣҲòϣ㲻ʵǿıˡǣȱǸ˻ᣬûиӸҵϵҾܹĲ䣬ʧ󰡡

ƽ﷢ҰްĺУͼƽ԰׵͵رѪ죬Ҳ֮ǡһƽ屩ǵԼС
ء
һķڻƽߣһɫĹâڻתںâм䣬ʱкɫ𲻶أƽܱγһת塣
߶߶ߡ
µһ󷨻ʯԭλãתȥգۼûʧˡƽԭеҲУԲһ֡
㻹ʲô˵ģҵѾתˣζɣ
ΧһУӿоԼڵһ궯ϾҪˣֵ֪ܵ
΢΢һϺ˹ȥ
׼ƴһôҪ֪ԽĵľԽ죬ⴿ
ûȻƽ꣬Ѿ嵽˻ƽǰŽӿתû˿ԥš˽ȥ
ɹķɹײһ˦˳ȥ
֮ڣЩɹһ˾ҵıըΪЩըصα䣬廹ûб顣
ᣬһܵ˻ƽǰ
ƽоǿȣЦǲһһĴԿǿңǲǰô˰
ȴ쳣侲ڵɿɢûмŶ֡
ƽղֻһѣȴǼᶨԼ뷨ҵжȷġ
ƽһ𣺡жϣʲôжϣѾˣ˭Ҳ޷ˣȴľһ·
ҡͷЦҵȭҾͻڵصģʱһ½ۡڣҵǰȻ¸ԿҾͳ׶϶һУʵǽڸŵ׵ĺӽϵ档
ƽɫ䣬ȵôѵ㻹ܸһô
˵ʵͲˡƽʼƭ˵Ǹϲͺ֮ϵŵҪҹ֮һֱûиӽϵŻᱻʹŹڱѡ£ָӽϵľطѵô
һشһһǼǻڻƽĿ֮ϣûƽ̲סһ
˵ʲôһжˣѾʹ򣬶Ҫ͵Ұϵĳʮɣ
Цƽûõġ֪Ϊʲôƴĸ˵һô
ǰΪʲôأƽ鲻Խʵ
ΪҪɢעʹ֮ϵֻҪͺ֮жϣ㻹Ǹôô
˵ţһ֣ʮɹмɣȫ˻ƽĽ¡
䡭
಻ϵıըѻƽöᡣһǰèץס˻ƽĽŲӡ
𣡡ȣһѰѻƽһֻһգƽȫƮ
ƽһСһУƽ𽥻ָԭǸĴԲҲȻ
ѻƽ˼ȦȻһӣŻƽϷɵʱקͨԵһ߳ӵȥ
ˢˢˢ
ͨԵ貵ĵâƽ廹δأͱĵâѪ
䵽棬еһĿ飬ղΪ˷ɢƽעĵ˲ٵ˼˺ɵƽǼ£ĸо
ͨԵϢ˺ܾáʧһʱܹ˵ģˣʼԾ塣
Ԥϵ廨ʯʮͨļѳ̶ȣǳ󡣲˵ǰɳͻƽ˵Щʯÿһޱȡ
ڵʮŸʯϣȥʱ򣬸еΧĿռҪԼѹɱһҿûгǿУȻĿռѹ֮£пܱǿĿռѹһĵ棬Ҳ
Լǿ壬ڵʮŸʯҧһǰУͨޱѹֵĿռѹʯԵʹȫ˵ڶʮʯ
ڶʮʯӵһȥͱǿʯϡǿصһ̬ĵز˫ȲûԼظѹ塣
ҿ飬ͨԵקһչ֧ͨ˵ڶʮʯ


939 ݵʯ
ӵʯСģڶʮһʯʱסԼҪǵʯ棬ȴʲô鶼ûз
С˺ð죬ȷȷʵû鷢ŷվֱ壬һʯԾ
˭֪ո뿪ʯʯûʲô仯ǰĵڶʮʯȥ
ҲȻģ
ۼǰʯĺܿ죬ڿмһеļɣɿǸʯȥ
˭֪ոշٵʯ棬һɾ޴ʯ棬ʵʵʯܵĽӴ
ȴʯѾ䵽ϣ׷ɫӫӵӿ˹
ʿɰһ£Ͻһʯ˭֪׼˻ȥʱ򣬵ضʮʯȻٳžһ½ʵʵײʯԵ
һײÿ湻ʵΪǰһǳȣԾʱ򼸺ƴȫ˭֪ùӻͻȻߡ
Ӧ۵һײȥʯԵ쳣⻬޷ʯֹͣס»
֪ӫǱմϣմŪþʲôù鷢קͨԵݺ´ȥ

ͨԵס˶ףһͨԵŶ׼Ӳĵ淴ӵʯ
ոշʯӵıٴ֣ٿһµ䡣ûŴϷһʯ
ڶʮĸʯû쳣ȥ֮󣬷ʯȻޱһʯѾʼ³ˡ
ҲʯûݺʺʯŮɿһʯҪһʯҪվһʯıԵǰܵùˣµʯȴܹһôҲܲԵ
԰ɽܹŶҪôܵĻɽƶˣôһֱǰܶܲͷ
뵽ͷһȴԼĽһ˶ޱȹ壬ֲԼôҲ޷ܵĿĵأԭԼԭܰ
Щһ棬ʯԵһʯ˹ȥ
ȥʱһʯȻϸľǣǸʯȻޱϸȻͬһһ
֪ʯϷǳӲԼ壬δܹùȥһĸײȥˣһĻԼײ
䣬һܿ˼ϸʯӴָͳ˿һ֣˿סϸϸʯΧϸϸʯһȦȻ׼һʯλã˹ȥ
û䵽ʯ棬ʯϱͻͻͻֳļ̣Щ̷쳣̼ⶼ˸ĵĺ⡣
ɲһŲȥڽŲӴ̵һ˲䣬ϣȫ˵ڵأȻڲ̵ʯ治ϷŹӡ
ڷʱԼûвȥ쳣̿Ȼоִ̼ʹС
뿪ӣ߸Ծһӣûߵ㣬һһǧʯ
ڰ޴ɶ㣬ֻôӴָͳŴ˳Լɳķ˳ȥ
Щʯ൱ˣļͳ̶֪ģɾ͵Ĵȴܼʯ÷顣
˴е·˿յ˳յ䵽һʯ档
Ϣһ£һʯ̸¸µľ죬ﻹһʯͣϽһʯ
һʯȱ£ԭطתո̤ȥ㱻ʯ˦ȥûôǱ֫ŵأתеͷĿѣ
òжϳһʯλãһʯıԵƺ÷Ƕȣһͷ˹ȥ
һʯͬ˾һĸоУתǰҪסƽⶼһ
ûѣѹʯıȻ𼸸һĶΰס
оһӺˣ˦˦Դһ·򣬺Ȼ˷ӿʵʵ
쳣ͣѣϸ˻ǲϡ΢һɾʱЩָֻԭ
ȻûģһЩ״ĶʼӵϡһζɢıζоͿԶ϶һַǳиʴԵ塣
ֿ£ӴָмקͨԵһ壬ХƵ
Ĳٿ£齫ΧлһĶȫϡﻩȵٴμ⣬ŷԼϿòҲ̶ݡ
һ̲̲ɢɫӫţ·ѾЩĵʴǧٿףӴЩ壬ǻʹ
Ͻ·ѵƾɵ·ϲøɾٻһ׸ɾ·
ʣµʮʯ̲סǳ鴤һ¡
жѣҪǰҧأһʯȥÿһʯвͬΣճ֣ǰһ·գҲ׼;顣
һһ˵ʮ˸ʯϡ
ǰǵʮŸʯȻоǰʯЩ̫Ѱɲͨ۲óĽۣεеıԤС
Ϣһʱ䣬һ˵ʮŸʯ
⣬ʮŸʯ棬ûκε쳣˼ûʲô˿̲ûзֲоǿˡ
ȻýһᣬӲʯ³󺧣Ҫγ뵽ʯʯȣȴԼôһݵٶȸˡ
ôӲı棬Ȼһˣסľ飬ǰһˣƽʯϡ
ǲȡĴʩ廹ֹס³
Ȼʯ¡һƣһһĶ˽ǰⶫһߣͨ巺ŸʯһɫʣһʯʵĻζߣ
ʯȦȻĲʯһ죬ҧһ֣ץסʯߣ˳תס
ûʯߵʱΧвٵĲӿʯһѷܱߣЩʯ߷ӵϣ¶µʵʵĵطû
̲סҪԽٶȾԽ죬Ƭ̵Ĺȫû뵽ʯˡ
Ȼоճĸоʧˣȡ֮һޱȼӲĸоһѵոʯֱ˼Ӳ״̬


940 ʯ
Żһ壬ԼжûдߵһжǼӲޱȣҪһָͷܡ
û뵽Ȼʯ棡ǻ֮ˣ뵽ֱĿܣɾû뵽һַʽˡ
ȫҪһ壬ȴû뵽ʯļӲ̶̫̬ˣȫȻûʹʯκεı仯
ǲܽˣֻİ취ȫеϣѵĻһֲһСĿռ䣬ָָʶ齨˾ϵ
Ĳٿ£Ӵָгȥܱ߿ؿռ䡣
ò̾ʯı̬ǿӲ޼᲻ݵĵ飬ʯпռҲǷޱȣһʯ壬һ۵ƤϹвһ˻Ƥ
ֻͣʯǿȣ÷ɹըըһӣֻõ䡣
أܱ߱ˣקͨԵŵһϵͨ
ʯʷǳӲĶʯмûаʯ顣һͷؼա
ʯҪһǰʱʯȻֱ״״̬
Щˣɲһղŵľ
˵һ˲䣬ͳ˿һʯһӡ
˿ɹȥסһʯ˫ס˿ǰڵʯıԵҵʯԵӲƮ˵ʮʯ
ո䵽˵ʮʯ棬ʯͷ˾һıʯʯ׷׵䣬Ҳµ䡣
ҴϽһԾȻʱʯкȻð˹̣Щ̲Ƭ̵ʱͰʯָڸסˣǰһĨڣʯľλá
ʮһʯӡġռеλãʯһȥµʯͷĺҲҪһ㡣
ʱе޴ˡΪŨŨĺѾʯֶڸסˣͿһʯľλãҲ޷׼ȷȥ
ͷųʶҪ̽һǰʯλãȴܹ赲סʶ̽飬Ǹ޷̽鵽ʲô
ʱоһᣬʯѾʼ³ˣ̽£ʹһʯ˰С
Ӵָͳĵͼϣڰһת˷˳ȥ
ǰһ˲ϴʯǸӳ˿סԺ󣬺ݺһק˿Ʈʯϡ
䵽ʯϣΧƿյĺХϮͨԵеֵȴͨԵϵĶǲȫˡ
һɽζֱıӣѬᶼˡ
ζѬһʱ򣬸СʯһĶϡ
žžꡭ
һԲĶϱѣճ»ǹɴ̱ǵĳζֱ޷
Ҫܣȴȵķ֣ճĶȻǿճһԼĽճ˵ϡ
ٺٺ٣ⶫζɣܵѾ־ˣҲˣԶشȥɡˣҲûиңʵϸûвģͱˣûõġ
һ䣬ʯеĺȻɢһݸ߸һµļһվǰ
迴ȥеӣŨüֱۣڷҲȳƣ˵֮䣬һʮյĸо˿˵ĸܣǷֺӣһʮС
ûйŸ˵ͷһȴǳһԼϣմ˻ҺɫཬһĶЩڿᣬȻԼ̶סˡ
ˣʯʯճϼһɽⶫסˣҲᱻճסοˡֻҪҲⶫûкֻҪӦңҾͲҪôҰɡ
˵ʵơ
бһ裬˵Ҫ˵㣬ֻŮȤǻҪôģ˵ˣǸ˵仰Ҷ˵
˴ŭָ˵Ҫǿ㣬ҪһˣϾܹҪ
ЦͲ֪ôǻˣһʶʶôܹҪҵ
Ӻݺݳ˼£ֺ̧ݺʯ֮ϡ
͸оʯӴƤ棬һȺϢҪ͸Ȼ֪ᷢʲô֪һҪϢ͸
ס͸ȺϢ
ЦпЦǵֵʯϢ͸ɣҿֶܼãҿԸ㣬ʯʯĵľ裬ֻҪ־͸ڣͻһӲʯͷ
һϽӴ˵ʯľ͸ȡоԼ·ѾʯľʯʻˣԼֻҪԷɣʯʾͻ͸ڣԼĻ˵һʯͷ
ֵĺడİɣֻҪһˣܷһһģȱһʯͷҪǿöɣӣҸһ£
Խ˵ϵԽᣬȻһЦ
裬һ£ʯͷζȷʵܣôأ¶̽ѰĿ⡣
ֵϵ˵ʲôҸأ˵ҸߴӢӢ䣬ٷ磬׿ȺȣĴʶ̫ˣ֮˵һЩ佱ҵĻ׼û
ŶԭǺ˵һǸߴӢ
˵ȻСˣ¶ʹɫĺֱʡ
ˣô£˵ĺúõģôͲ˵ˣιôˣôôʹడ
迴ʹ࣬ɵÿɴ۾۲
Ȼ˫ĿȻ衣͸оԼ·뵽һĿռ䣬ռһﶼڣΧůɫԼʮֳռһ
ʲôоԣҪˣȴԼѾָˡ
Ǻǣ㲻Ҫôҵʶ뵽ʶ֮УǺܺôʱʵǳһҪԸʯʴһҪʩչѾеľȫͷųֻҪԷ㹻Ҫױˡ
ȴ뵽ĿֻŵУ֪ԼסʲôһĻᱻԷĨ䣬һᱻԷȫƣױһܣ


941 žŹһ
ʱ費һнзҪױˣƲס裬ᱻʯûʴ壬Ҫױһʯͷˡ
Ϊ嶯ãʱ񣬹壬ƴһԼԼϾؼʱϾֻҪܻóĿҪġ
ǱҲǼֲ˶ãΪڶԿʯ棬ɢ˴ʶõʶǿ֮ĩˡ
ûҲ޷ס裬ҴҷļϴҴҰʶ˻
ܹˣŵó뿪Զֵؿеٺĸо
û뵽㻹ôֶΡհҪסˡˣռ˾Եôأˣһͬʱʯɢʶջǹһ񰡡
Ц
ȴ¶֮ɫͰ˵㣬㡭ٹĻҿҪٴΰסˡ
һ˵ҪܿסҵĻͿסˣҰѳ˵ʲôҲûˣ˽ɡ
˵ţ¶׹⣬һ
Ȼϲ׽һ˿ײЦݡжȻһղżװ֧ԼչȥסԼĳ
ѵһ壿
ɣոտǾлסԼԼܰѳΪʶǿȲˡҪ˵ʾҲķ񰡣
˼ȥͣʯţԼȥðǸա
٣裬㲻˵ҪҪҵôôˣѵˣѾǾƣˣ϶ҵ
ĻһȻߣҲıǲˣҾˣʯԿľҳ˰ҵߣ͵вУ
һ˵С֮˵ʲôӢ䣬ЦѵҰʯŪ壬Ȼͷʰ㣿
һ£ЦϹˡʯôܡ
˵ӲɵΪһ֣Ѿ̵ʯһ䣬һ꣬ʯųһš
㣬㡭ôģָҪһˡ
д˵Ŀ⣬һƽ裬ЦղȻûÿס㣬ȴǷļ䣬ļУҵ˹ڿʯķ̫ˣҪղŲҽǰһûʱϤЩƵķء
ʲôˣ֣˵ղʵһҲûзǸʱҾܸɵ㣿
ô˵Ѿˣ룬Ӧóһ£ʯʲôζ
˵ţһ絽ǰڳһֻһȭ䵽Ķϣʹһ͸˵Ϻһ
һְֻһţְЩʯͿĨϡ
ţ˫磬ȫؽȫ顣
ڣӦһʯˡԸ˵ʱûԼһƷһʯͷ鵽ж̣Ҳ֪һᵽġ
Ĺؽڶ飬һʱʹ裬ûʱʹǸϽģ֪ˣ㣬ŹҰɣһᡭ
ץһʯһûܹʯʴı£һͳ׵ױһӲʯͷ
ǰʯжʮԾȥֽʯûʲô壬֣ЩʯľԽԽԶÿԾһΣҪ˷Ѵ
зУÿгǿԾʱȴû鷢
˼ΣͷҪеͷһһʯԾ
Ծʮһʯʱǰľɵˡ
滹ʣʮʯЩʯһţʮһʯŰɵľ롣ϣҪȥȻûܡ
һԷСոշɽ·һֲޱȵһˤ䡣
Ҫ׼ʱʯ߿һ£Ҫˤˡ
һ¾룬е˿ӳ˿һϵͨԵϣԶʯͨԵݺ˳ȥ
ͨԵХԶʯȥٽʯʱһͨԵʯһȦȥ
һק˿Զ˹̶οӻһԾǰɿ˫ص˿˿£䵽֮ǰԾʮʯһ
¡¡ʯͬʱ廨ʯֶһؿɲǵһʯɽڲ
պ˿ͨԵϽһʯԾ
ʮʮʮġʮʮһ
վ˵ڰʮһʯ棡¡¡廨ʯˣһʯȻҲҲһʯ
ȻЩʯһڶӫ£ЩʯһҲȾɫӫ⣬׷ķɹ
ЩȾӫľ޴ʯ׷кͣǰǰ󣬰Χġ
壬޹顣չžŹһ
ɽ֮Уصһϵ·ǴʱԶŴݹϢһ
˭˭˵˫ֳֵǰʡ
ˣҾ廨ʯֵĴߣ廨ʯӵҵһƲлꡣԣܹʯ֡¹ȥˣ绹ûܹվڰʮһʯ档ҲҪ㻹ҪȴĿ顣
Ŀ飿ʲô飿ʵǸȴҲû
ĿתЩʯ棬ǸϵȻһЩʯӣĿɣ
Щ޴ޱȵʯҲЩβһʯɶǲöԸģοǰʮ
ţºȻҶڰʮһʯڿа˼£Ͱ˦˳ȥ
ڣڿٷˡǣʯĹҲʼˡЩʯûʲô·ԣԼӴּӲײе
ȻҲܲסôʯײ
һҲûв˽Ŀˡ
䣡һȣ֮ڱըһӿ⣬˫յһ˰ʮһʯ
ʯֲ֮£Եòһˡһʯͷ֮ͨԵ»Ϊ촷ۡ
еʯ廨ʯֺȻըը˰һխͨС


942 ý
խͨ߳ٲһƬһߵĿҰǰ
ǰ߼뵽Ұ֮УȻǰ潥˺ͮͮĹâЩͮͮĹâԽԽʢһƺҲ֮
н˰ಽһԼߵС·ͨλõԶС·Զֱֱµͱڣ඼Ĺռݡȵײ֪ʲôղſĺǴӹȵ׷ӳ䵽ϵġ
һɹɵˣڿоСϣķʹվС·ʮԶıϣҲ졣żϸҳò۾
ڿ׺пĳһڿ׺ԺУӦþ˿¯ʼ㣬ͬ¡ɽС·ȴǱһĸ˿һ˿档
Ѿ߸˿׼龰΢һ¡
˿¯ֲĲΣյĸ˿ͨĻ档ڿ׺ļУĻ汻Ϊħ棬Ѫմ֮ǳֲ֮
Цǣħȼдиʴմͻһֱ³ֱµҽںϵһ
Ϊ˰ħƳһܹԸ˵ɱԷòһּΪ϶¯£̿һסΪȹ¯ǿȣҪøΪĸ˿˿Ҳ˿¯
Ҫ˿¯йȥ͵ͨӵĸ˿˿ߣ˿¯еңҪڿзУһҹһҵħУǾʲôˡ
ߵС·ıԵߵĹȿȥ沢ûʲôڵĻ棬ֻһƬպһɢź⡣
еȻӾ磬г˲ٵ㣬ǻҳȵŹĳ̶ˡ
һС·˵һ
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оһᣬ̤ϵʯС·Ȼ綹һˣ嶼ǰ㣬ֹסµ䡣
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ʶһץȴϴ˵һĸо
Ϊ˿̫ϸˣµĳټԼأ˿߾ǵһ֡
ѣ˿ߵǿԵ濰ƼƷ֪Уûһֲܸ˿Ҳҿ˿ߵǿȼ󣬲Ȼһ֮ͻ˿߳ϵȥ

һʯ䵽ȵףͺڻ̿мһһɫĻ
ֲĸ˲ΧĿȵϢĵزһȫͬөһڿҵкֱײ
оԼ徹Ȼһ£ĲǸ£ΪֲǣͷųһħðϢ˸оԼȫ޾ĸУ־ʹǿɥʧֿ
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ʯУǿϵʹȫǰһһǰǰС·ɹȥ
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ۼԼһ䣬ɿӽָͳһâ̵֮˿
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ۣ
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ȻһӰУǰԶɽС·ϣһ߱ǹһɽС·ϡ
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һڵһߡ
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෴ģվ˿ϣҵöᣬòֳһ־סԼƽ⡣
߹ǻ˵ˡôѣԸ߶һܹͨսʤ
߾ڿвҲΪˡߣԷڿнзɡߣǰ߲˾ֻܶţǲľ档
٣ͷûùôôһˣض
ǲ˿ģԷѾڳ˹ļƣ˵Էʲô࣬ԼҲ޶ԵġֻҪܹŭߣԼЧ
ȻͼЦ˵ĻҲϵҾڵţҪб¾ʹȥС飬ҳҪôױŭҲﶪˡ
ԷгԼ֣ȷ˿϶ǸүԤıϵ൱ˣԷĵƸţ㻹ûʲôرõİ취
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СӣңɼΣ֪Ƿͬ뺷ġ
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û뵽һӽϾȻаٵųЩڿбóģȻɢ˷ֹȥɫĽ漫Ϊһѷ乥к󣬲η


943 թ
۾˿ϣעʵһֱڹעųᡣɫϮͨԵקУоһɫϮһȥ˭֪⽣ȻõģһȻնˣ
ʣ΢΢һ¡ܹڹдʵʻķ壬öˣһɫ棬ȴʵʵڵĻӰ
ʵսУҲûӰӰһɶǿľ֮²ġʩչУ񳵺һ˦ֻӳӰǵһμ
΢΢ʱ򣬺ɫգۼ䵽˽ǰϽͨԵø糵һЩɫĹ
ӰӰǻӰ
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Ϲ˰ͻϷֲҲֻڰƮţԭͻڣûܹµʵϹСүѾĵϸˣ㻹ôţ
ȴиͨԵһƬ⣬»ýʵʵ
⣬еĵ⽣Ӱһûзκε죬ᷢĺɫ棬Ȼõģ
գۼ䣬ɫ汻ȫ£ɻ֧ɫ棬ĺɫȺ⻺£
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ʱĹ£õĹҲ£µľʵĹõĹһѣöֲòڴڼ䣬пܾͰĹ©ˡ
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֧ɫĹеȱ£һ֧ŵǰһ֧źģһ֧Ľ£¶Ϲ̡
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֧ɫٶʵ̫죬ն֧֧ɫѾͨԵնˡ
֧ɫ棬صһ·򣬱֮˹
󺧣Ͻ˫һУǿӲһ¡
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ϹȻô޳ܣȻϮСү·ôǲûӵ̫࣬רԹ˵ЧλĿа
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û뵽һߣȻоСåһ졣
һܻӣû֣ʹ֣Ҳûƨۣȱˡ
ȴǲΪǾ΢ʱ򣬲ʧʱһ䣬үı¡
һҲΪΪ˹񫣬Ҫ뼤ŭᣬû뵽ҲסͲϵڡ
ϹСүû㳶ʹϰɣбƽСүûӵϹ
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СӣҳǰˣƤûõģߣϸʮҲ˿¯ģ
˵ţһһƥĺɫâӽзɳֻĺϮƥڰѿγһĺɫ棬
֣ڱһǽ黹ʵĵǽ¡
Ȼ䣬ٱͷҲعЦϹ㻹ΪСү˿ôϵ˰ɣԼɣСүˡˡ
е㲻ˣû뵽Լ鸡յ£Ȼôɿǰܡ
СļƲС˿ϲΡΡǲߵӣʵƺˣԼһʱϾܡ
ֻСеСԼʵˡ
뵽߶Σ׷
Сӣܵͦİʹܣҿ˿ܵÿ죬ҷɵÿ졣ľԽԽɵóԼҲ޴ѹ
ƣȻֹô򵥡ڰв˵âڱвܵٿҲûס
óԽԽȻӲͣΣͿۺһöậ֮Ϣ򳵺˹ȥ
΢΢һƫ壬Ͱâ̶֮ȥЦСȻϷǰְϷⶼүʣµģǰš
⻰û˵꣬;òˣΪâ̵֮ĺ滹һ˿˿ӽ˲ʣɻ͸ģûע⵽
һ˿һ򳵺Ͼȥ󺧣ڰһ㿪˿
ۣ
˿ڿֲĸȼ淺ĵɫâȥޱȡ
Ϲǲ֪²ħ棬㲻ǿôմħ棬Сү㣡
ħ滹ûݵϣ˿򳵺᲻Ϲ
ħ棬Ҳ亹ֱⶫɲմϣմϼڰƴǱܿ˿Ĺ
ڳ۵ֱʱĹȻֹͣˣһɵϲüҡ
Сӣ㵹ҰôļһˣһΪ㲻ħأҲкµʱ򰡡ոǲǹүͦģڸүˡ
˵ţڰնĺɫƥӳĽϷЩƥڰһĺɫ棬ʵʵ
ϹΪĻýܹ˵СүҾţܰСүҾбСүҴҲ
ӽָͳһ˿һ򳵺ȥ׼Ͻڿ

Ϊ˹ᣬľԭӲɫĹһʵʵĻýûˣ˼ҾӲʵ߲ܣ
һЩʵԵĹǸСС鷳ЩϱѣеȲʵĸоЩ˵Ͳʲô
űħȼ˿򳵺᲻Ϲ
ӳЩԿʵȴǳޱȡΪܵľǲʹĹһСľͻ᳹ꡣ
ܿ죬˿ٴȼҧгݵСӣҵҪ㻹жĶ
ʾһӽָͳ˿˷򳵺԰ڡ
Ȼ˿һ˳ᡣ


944 лѪӰ
˿ڰչһŴһ򳵺ȥ˿ɳԶһŻ𣬷ɫĹâƽᡣ
ʱðģĻɲģܿ϶޷㿪ġ
Щ˿չĸ㣬ϷǾûǰ;ģֻһ·ܹ㿪Ǿ䵽˿ķ塣
˶Ҫǽ˵ôһˡûѡʱ򣬱Ƶ±ϣǻҲ
¼䣬˿ϣһŷɫĻĴõǰЩ˿׵ģԸ˿֮и϶һ˿ߺ˿֮˹ȥ
ȼյ˿ǶȥˣһӰ˲䵽˽ǰ
ϹڿͦקİǺúܽӴһ¡

һɾ棬ȭǰ
ᵹù͵ùûϷɣΪϷбȼյ˿ԼϷɣ˿ⲻô
֮£ֻóǰһݣϣܹȿĹòװѳƵ˿ϣٸ룿
룬˿ȼչˣɵϾҲûˡ
䣡
ȭȥƴĳ¼Ҷײһ𣬳ĳʱɳԶ䵽˿Ļ浱УҲоֱϴĴʹС
ϹԷļһﶼˣ㻹ôţ򣡡
˾һȭǰ壬ͲŲĿ϶
ϳޱţݶԸɵ˽սֻΪɳһĴڡʼʱ򣬳ỹмܼ£ȭ󣬳һԣҪ˿䡣
ǰһѾסȭѳֻ첲ҶϣȻŵһŲס
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Ҿ͹һ㣬˵ʹ죬ҾæҲҪ㳢ζ˵ţųȾһš
ǲ
ûһӲ߶ϡ
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һаЦ˳ԴϹʵϿÿеļ䣬û֪ΪʲôΪʶͲʶʹ࣬ⲻ뿴ġҪǰƷܸоʹࡣ
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Уʰɣ֪ʲô˵ʲôֿˣʵҲûеֿʱˡ
ôǿôܹڿɷеģҲһ㡣
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˴ϲϽڳѲ飬ڳȷ£õһɫװáҲ̳һоŪԭʹ÷
ⶫҲڰɵķˡ
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ͻȻ䣬ŵһѪζζʵ̫Ϥˣδ͵սУҵսζ
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ԽԽȻ俴˷ɹĶ
ڷӥޣ
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ͨ۾Ĳλڵ㣬ĵطȫѪҺһ塣
ಡ
ѪѪӰһĶΰΧһ˹
ڿԱƯһ£мߵһӵұߵѪӰ
ڣ
оԼһͺ͸һѪӰѿ춼ѪΡ
ЩᣬϽЩѪΣ󲿷ֵѪζˣмνϡ
͵һϵ·⼸Ѫ߾Ȼʴһ޴Ŀźð𣬶Ҹʴ״ڳ
󺧣ⶫҲ̫аˣôôǿҵĸʴԣæ֮УϽϵ·ӵӽָȡһϡ
һѪմƤȻմѪεĵطйİʹС
ϽӽָȡϴҩҺմѪεĵطϴǿʹС
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һأɲͨԵȥˣϽӿеٶȣһ룬Ȼһһ
һƥͨԵзɳһҲ׾ͱâС
ۣۣ
ϱѰһﱬѪꡣ
е㺧Ȼⶫ˵ܺöԸǱɵѪҲ̫ˣմôһܲˣҪЩѪȫܵϣ붼˲
ЩµʱȻоһѵĲԼתͷһǳļµεΪ׳ۡ
ǧĴѪӰĿռ䣬ЩһģûκεĿ϶ѹ
Ҳһ·Ҳ
ղմһѪʹҲЩβôѪӰɹֻ˵һ·
һֱҲǰ취ԼվҪǰ˿¯ȥѩĸӣЩѪӰ׷ţ㲻Ҫϳ˿¯
뵽Լķٶ˼£ЩѪӰ˾룬Ȼ䣬תΣ˫趯ͨԵһâ裬ϵâѪӰһѣǧѪӰͳ岻ǰʮɵľ롣
Ȼ֣ѵѪӰУһƵĵĺ̻ѪӰͷ۾ڵ㻯ɵġ


945 Ѫ
л꣡ǲл꣡
ףΪʲôЩѪӰʶһԼѪӰͷĺڵ㣬˰һƲлֻ꣬Ҫһл꣬ͿӵһЩʶͻһȥй
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зĲΪǸƵĺ״壬ļµĸоǸÿһ£͸оԼĪż
ѵⶫȻܹӰ쵽Լǣ
һ趯ͨԵһ߶Ժ
Ǹ岻Ť壬Ťγϣ֫Ȼȫ١
䣬ͣӣγɵһ˫·ڶһ۾
ѽ
Ӻεһ޷ļʮּо·ӶĤһֱ͸ÿһ䡣
оÿһλǺݺһ˲ʧȥ˿ƣһҡΣֱֱµ䡣
ϻָ˶Ŀƣ̶ֻʧص˲䣬Ӱµʮɣ͵ħĻ֮ϡ
вãϽٿϷɣͬʱЩѪӰХŵ˽ǰ
һŭ糵һ趯ͨԵЩѪӰΧһѣͺ߷̻һ
ĴʹӼϴ֪ѪӰѪŽԼϣʱϴѪ㣬Ҫǰ̵ѪӰɱҪź쳣
ʱһɫĹӰԶ
˿֮ϣһι״Ĺȵˣ
ޱȣ··һһ㣬ӣеҲƲһǹǼһƤͷȧǸ߸¡ݣ¶ɭɭݣͷӡ
Ϊصľ˵Ĺȣͨ͵ģŵḷ́ͷһ˶ޱȵͷͷѱǿ׵п׶λãŴӹȷĵ̡
вѪӰǸ壬ѾԼܵˣôһ˳֣ǲġ
뵽Ȼ֣ͣƾѪӰ嵽ԼϣֽŵٿԼΣź˹ȥ
ţͨԵݺĵâ˺塣
ѽ
巢ޱʹİ屻ĵâֳɺüΣֻ̼˺̡
׻һǶʱڶʧȥƣΪ׼գ۵ʱھͻָ˶Ŀƣٿʹµ
ΧѪӰȴǳײ壬һѪӰѣմճѪҺ
·գۼͱʴƤϣһ𣬷İɫĭѪӰѪҺʴɵĽ
ʹУƤ㿪˷ӵѪӰӽָͳϴҩҺһ·ϴ廻·
Ű취ԸѪӰʱ򣬾ͼǸһһҡȣѪӰʱֹͣ˹Ѿѵĺܵһ㣬˳ͷѻص˹ȵС
һ˫ڶһ۾ݺݶס
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ܹ죬ͺһ˱סһ
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ҹһЦ𣬡û뵽˸ǰ˵Ĵ󻰣ֻҵǺܺ棬ôֵܹסʴѪĹġҪ֪ҵʴѪܹʴһе壬ֻҪĶѵֵ¹
ߣʴѪꣿôĿⶫе˼ɶҺûôɡϿ·Ȼ³ͱ˵
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ҵʴѪ굱Ȼ޵еģ磬»ܹʴѪҴ档ǡкȻһƾâ콵֮ˣʵܺõ
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һôĲ²⣡ѵѾܹԼϸĵزô
뵽˫иһŨŨɱ
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оɱ΢΢һĹббָ˹׼
֪һϻôӿӿڳҪú֤һϻˡͨԵǰһɭȻĵ˲
оޱǿЩ˵ԼĲ²⣬ԷȻĵѾܾ޴ѹһֻܺ˼ԻԽԽѹ
Ǳˡô׵飿ҼȻվаոɵ㣡ʴѪ꣡
˻Ƶŭ𣬴ͷϷɳһƺ̣ЩٿƮϰգеЩѪӰںϵһˮһںϣγһ޴״塣
״䣬
һŭͨԵ趯һâݺգۼͰѾΪΡǷֳ˼صľһ֮ϻָٴ˹
ΪʴѪǰʴѪһôʴѪ߾磬Ѫһ壡ѪնɼΣָģòܿʴѪ
ڰв裬һ߶ʴѪһͨԵÿһµĻʴѪǱնɼָֻ
ͷ۲ѣʴѪɵѪǴĴڣԼóֶοס

뵽һͨԵƳͨԵٿŵԸʴѪ꣬Լ
Ŀһȭ
ƥ־ڱصõһȭ
ȭͷΧγһɹɵ缤ȭͷδԵȭѾʴ·߸߾
ԳЦȳȭͷһ㡣
һźӹͷϵͷת˲һªޱȵ״״ĺ缤ݺײȭͷϡ
ž
·һϵ͸оԼȭͷ첲ٵȫ׻һһ
˲ʧȥ˿ƣһͷ˿ħ档
˿ϻָ˶Ŀƣʯ˲䣬ħ治һɵľ룡


946 ʴ
һȣ緢һתһٴη˰ա
ѪζܺܰɣһƳĶΪô׵ֿģٺ٣ʵһģ͹ҵˣܼٲʹࡣʵ߳ģҪ޾ʹȥḶ́ϲ
ޱŵľ侲
ʴѪĹֶΣеѪʴ߸ʴԣʴֱܹ˵ꡣǽӴһ£ͻ˲ʧȥеĸоȷʵ׶Ը
Ҫ׸ɵкܺõЧİ취
һݸɵʱȻоԼԵĿЩͣͨ£ͨһͿõת硣ʶյȻЩɬˣ
ɵתͷһֵʴѪ֮£մȾһЩѪͺɫİߵ㣬Ӧ֮ʴΪմȾЩõ֮ʶ谭ˣ
쳤Ц˵ܹ˵ҵʴѪ꣬Ӧˡֻ¼еʶѪĶᱻʴѪеĶʴ㿴ҵʴѪѾѾ˲٣ȵǸ飬ʴѪġ
ȻޱȣĻʵڵն£ʴѪ겻ϱնٸϣȷʵ˲٣ϿһȦʴѪ긶ĴۣԵıʴΪģͬ˲ƵĴۡ
ϽѵٻأʴѪӳɹ
䡭
죬ʴѪ걻ըͷѣҲȻһ𣬵ٴλָʱʴѪСһ㡣
аЦŰͷת˰죬ҵĹ԰е֪еľˣʴѪԵĶǳɱҪûԵĶأ
ûһ£о⻰лæʵʲô⣿Ųҵġ㲻ôҪʴѪϵģҳǿʴѪǺģҲܰ㣬Ҫʲôʲô
ĿУͨԵŻ˽ָͳڡ
ٺ٣ƴô֪ɶƷôǾͿЩ޷ĶܸʴѪƴʲô
˵ţ͵ߣʴѪ귢ڵ
ۡ
һſڵʴѪϱըըǿҵĳʴѪѪֲ꣬ڵлǿҵЧ緢ǿҸ£Ѫ˲ڵһʴѪĶʱӾ硣
ⶫù񫣡ˬҴҴ򣬴򡭡
԰ջأֱͳڵ˷ܵѪڵ
ڴ˷ıըУѪٴαڵ˲١
㱰ɣȻķԸҵʴѪ꣬Ƕĸְѵ־֪ܿĸӮô㣬㡭ֱǸеĳ裡
ۼԼʴѪ걻ƷŪñףڲ
ʱĸ۸ЦˣۼʴѪ껹ûлָһаЦ˵ˣҲôб¸ӲӲһȭһȭ
ۼ˹ɵôϲʵƷԼģ»
һΣһһӭȭ
ԣлж
ҲһڵһҪʲô
ʵжҪʲô̻ûнʱһڵٽʱһָ磬ڵ֮ϡ
һ죬ڵǰһߵľϱըǿıըƳʮԶϵ·绯ΪҽĵƬ˲ڻһմ塣
໡
ըմڻĵƬҲеʹ̲ס˺ѷһĽ¡
ߵǣǸҲըĲᣬ˺üطǱӡ
Ǳʴһ£ݸ׻һĹϾͻָԭ
ôˣ·ûˣҪĽôɸԱͲΪǲ԰ѹ˻ջˣֻ˸İ
ĳŪбŷҪ˵Ŀ⡣ɲǿߣըӰǳ
㲻ɣôݶǾͱóݶʽˣ
һ˵ǰûʸñɺݶݵġ˵ʴѪ꣬ƶɵġκεķΪɣҵҪ㻹ʲôĸ˷ֶָΣ
۾ֱ·ǳɵһ㣬Ȼѹ˫ֳƽǰ
ǲһ˫ѹŪΡʱڹ˹̣ڿвڣһɳ̵ľ޴ι
ʴ㻹ʲôֶܹѵʴĹٺٺ١
Цʴһ
оԼûļ٣Ҳһû뵽ʴȻܸԼѹ
ͨͨͨ
ʴӳڵڵը죬Ȼǳʮ㣬䣬ʴȴʲô鶼ûзһǻ
㻹ΪǸƷ޵ôʴǲκεģ㻹ǻɡõӦԷҿ㻹ʲôֶΣ
ʴĲƣֻ֮һˣʴֳѹȸ֪ԼûӴ
ֻҪһӴ׻һ깥ԼʧȥƵʱܳһ䵽ħ棬Ǿʲôˡ
ţͣʴһȽӶɳˣȵľʴƵ·ϣȻ֪ͣʲôϷݡ
뵽ԼʴĴſϸһ˿Ц⣬Ҳ֪ȥûκεĳ·ԾʴҪĽ
ˢˢˢ
ʴӳɹ󣬷ɹʴϱըʴûܵ˿Ӱ죬Ȼǰ£
ҪЦڻʱֻҪʴסʧȥ˿ƣôħܹʰ
ʴϾҪӴʱӰȻˣ
⣬ô£°;ˡ
һ֮£뵽һܣпµ󷨡
ʴʶģᲶ׽Ϣ׷ٵģΪܹܿʴĹôɣ


947 
дˬʵЦԭһΪʴûʶģҵԻ󷨻ûáôһ˵Ҿͷˣллָ㰡
һ仰ûѶûа취˦ʴġͬƹ֮һϢֱŪ
ٺЦżôԸʴҲ㳤ʶ
Ļ￩һ£չʾʵ㹻𺳣ݵǸȷĵǣǰᵽɤۡ
ֻ۾ɵ󣬿ʴһһʵĵֻֻܿʴ²λá
ʴߴΧࣷϸ΢졣һЩĶʴܱһţӦµĶ
ࣵԽԽܼʴʼʱ첻ϵ򣬵˺ȻеĽˡ
ˣ뵽һֿܣ󷨻ʯʴܱ߲󷨣ʴȻ岻ܿռƣ΢ʶĶԱԻƻ
һģԼҧƣʴʴһѪһ裬屩ǣ۾Ĳλ˹Ϻɫâ
ʴ񱩵״̬
ʮ⣬ܣֻҪʶ겨ͻᱻ񱩵ʴϹҪ䵽ħС
ߣôѾˣ
񱩵ʴȻ궯ˣͼڰзת͵һͷȥ
ĿɿڴôˣʴΪʲôħȥѵȥˣ
֪ʲôʱʴ·ħȻǣǵĻ˲串ʴ
ѽ
һ˻ʴ屻ħɣûʣ¡
۵üҪȥʴһ뵽ħУʮƳĶʴһ޿Ķ
ҪܹһקȥʧҲֵˣ
пʱȻеһתͷȵط֣վ߲һߵľ룬Ҳһʴħ̵
㣬㡭ðһ˳ʮôҵʴôᡭ
˫ֱأǺЦ˵Ҳܼ򵥣ʴ߲Ի󷨣ʴ֮ͻΪ󷨵Եʶʱ㷸һ󣬲ô߶ʴȥңΪʴӿٶȾܹɵǲǣȫˡ
˵죺ķ߶£ʴҪұҪ٣е˶·߶ҾƵġԻڶȦӣʴҲŶȦӣһͷħ棬ʴҲ͸ȥˡǺǣô򵥡
ЩڵóӶˡ˫߬ø°죬޲һ
̫ˣЩ޳Ͷȡɵбùı¸ɵʴֶʵе߷߲ƽӡ
ʲôͶȡɣҿðΣʴġΪ˰ʴħĸǳħȥģڴħһ˲䣬Ҹı˷ҪȻʴܹһͷôľ룿
ͬǷ߷߲ƽǿָָվסŵġ
ٺٺ٣Сãô˵ʴѾħɵˣ㻹ʲô£ʹ
ЦݣȻɸС˶һѾûκεķء
ŹҰɣҶѾûκεвˣɱûκε塭
ϵĻЦȴǴӻͳâ̡֮
Ҫʲô㲻Ҫɱҡ
û˵꣬һ㵽ǰâ̴֮̽
֪Ϊʲôôôһ޹ʹĥľġʴѪʱûЩľ֣ھ㳢ζ
˵ţâ̺֮ݺһ
˯}˵ĺ
֪ôôâ֮Ĺǽ֮ѾճһˣÿһͻĵʹʹҴһ޹ֻĹһֱ㶼޾ĥʹġ
Ļ亹£¶׺ݵĿ⡣
Ȱ㻹ɱҰɡȻֻҪһͻٴʴѪ꣬һ겻ɢġûħ棬ǱЩʴѪġ
ЦģмûءҪǣݵĲ²ȷģΪһһ֪ôܵô
һĶʱ˹ȵףߣ˵˵ȥ㻹Ҫɱңһ㻹ôܹɱأ̫Цˣžй¶ܣĥңҵҪôġ
ٺٺ٣һ׼ѪĴңӦ֪ɣҿ԰ҵļ仹ѪļȫĨȻʣµȫ䣬ͻĥˣѵô
ҪɱҰɣ͵¡
Ŀధʩչ뵽ʶİһЩɾȷԼΣԺ󣬲ջԼʶ
㽫ԼʹԼµ
˵꣬ת˿¯ȥ
Խɣ˿¯ħԽʢǰħ棬˿߻аԶľ룬ħ˿ߵľͲʮɸˡ
ȻǰɫĿռһڵ֡
ͷųʶҪ̽һ£ȴͷųʶͬһһĴʹдԶݻ
ɴʹȻûĻʴʱʧȥĿƣҲݺݲһ¡
Ҵ⣬ϽӰ䵽˿ϡʶ̽飬һǸֵĺڵ㡣
ǰ˰ɣڿ˸ĺڵʲô
ȻһĴƵףֻ֮²ûˣһ׹һ˿֮ϡ
ʦĽǶԴֲڡǻбԵûдĥãϵĻƣҲֱģһת䴦ʮӲһִĸо
ȴз쳣ױ۴ֿ񣬿õϣȴûмʶġ
裬һȥͲ֪䷽ȡʲôַƳġǰף֪ʲôַƵģʲôϣ½ۣ
ľϵĴЩֿ͸СӵͿѻ࣬ϸ֮£ȴеȻֹۻĸо


948 
ȻˣΪȥʲôɫ޴ж
ϿȥǺɫģۿײʱַһͭɫǿ˴ֿĻ֮ио׷һʥİ׹⣡
̫аˣ
Լе䣬ȴûһܹǰ⸱ܹϺŵġ
˼ʱһ𣺡ǰ˴󵨷
һȥһף˵ˣǸӰӶûа
ʲô㻰ءСӣҪȥΪʲôҵǰ
ŷ֣ԭǴӿзġ
ж϶ԷҲʵ̫Źˣֻȴܼˡ
Ǹʲôģôᵲסҵȥ·ô㵽ģ˵Լʡ
ߣȻŶûСˡϵ£˭֪սţȻǸС䣬հհգҹԶԶģҾˡɢȻĻ
ս
һ죬ǰ⸱ף㱻ԼĿˮҭˡôĸҴĲмһ˵еǸ˼
ȴܹζþӸλߵ־ӸµȻһĲġ
ǰɣͲ֪ʲôһսܲﵱ·ɣϷЦ
ʲôΰսȻǸ·Сӣˣ
ȣտյĿ⻪ʢһĿİ׹ӿ׵ͷͷų
Ҳ˵ʹ򰡣û뵽Է׾ͽйæ֮УһŰ׵ĹâȻͷ
һȻûоһɺƥͷӹ
սˣ³㻹ҲҶҲˣ
ЦĻеЦõĸо
ͨ˵սֻҪռȻһҪץסսϹνΪǿ
ȴһֹ֮ͣ˹ЦųЦ
Ҳеѻһգۼ䵽Ǹ׵ǰսǰɣһȭ
һȭŷݺ׵ؿڴȥ
׵ؿڴֿĻȻŷĿĹʣ;ԼƴһȭȻ޻һ޳ƵķС
࣡
׷˳һ΢΢һȻ˳صһͨܵĿռͷųȥƵĲΧ񶯣ȭȻȫתĿ񶯣
󺧣׵аų̶ȳ
֪ҵ˰ɣ㻹ǸҹԶ㣬ʡôүһǣ
ˣھʮɵľͣקͨԵˢˢˢſ׾
貵ĵâգۼӵ˿׵ǰ鷢ˣеĵâû뵽˿ûзκεı仯
̲סһͣҪ˵ܹ˵âĹûʲôѵâȫգԼȴûκܵ˺ӣ޷⡣
ǲǺ𾪰㣬ҵԶԶ󣬲ܹԵ˵ģȰ㲻ߣǿɾͱҲˣ
࣡
ϵĻƹâʢʮŰ׵Ĺâо̺ſֲӲӣֻ÷ϰգŲ
棬ҷͷҴܿǺûӴ
ûбҪʱһأǶ˸λˡ
ˢˢˢ
ӳʮɹЩɹڿ׵ϾұըЩըԼȭһƸΧĿУûܵκε˺
ͱǸˣҪĹ䣬㻹ԼĨʹ㣬αҷأ
һ߹һߴʴʣͺѾڹ֮һ
ڿһ߶һϸ۲ףǹϵĻƶ˸
ѵ׵ģ
Լʩչ£мӰٶƶʹصԼǷܵ׵ĹܹעȫеϵĻơ
۲˰죬⻨ем޼Ѱܹ϶һǣ⻨Źľ£ͷɢá
ĻƸ֮еĻɾ۲죬ƹؼĽڵ㲢ڱ棬пڿ׵ڲ
һʱ䣬Щ޴ֵĸо
Ȼ뵽һӽָͳһƿ㿿˿ףſ׵һЩҩҺ
ʲôѵôˮԸô㣬ҿǲκεġʲô
ҺҲͷŰ׵Ĺˣڶڿ׵ı淺˲ݡ
㲻˵ʲôôֽ֪ǯʴ޵ôЩǯʴ޵Һܹʴеϣôζΰ
أء
һƨɵĺ׶ȻһϹ⣬һ죬͵ɢ䣬еĿײڿһ裬ȻЩ͵ؾۺϵһ𣬺һӿ׾ۺϴһ޴
ӲӵĹâӿ״ϱųоâʮֱִۣӣȵһһ۵ʱ򣬽ӲӵĹâʧˣ
ؿΧ벻׵׵ȥˡ
ι￴ʲôأ
ȻǴƤ´ģ
ͷһЦ˶Ƥ
ͼԼǰߵľ룬һ߲һߵСһͷֱ׳Լ˵
㣬㲻ǣ㲻ɣսԭӰֲôӿпˣԭ׵һȾܰװ°
Цᶼˣǰһģû뵽Ȼ⸱ӡ
ͷǺЦԭ򣬳һӤʵҲЦེܿɰҲЦؼһɰȱȴӣðսǾͲܲ˴Цˡ
˿ףϻЩŹֵĻ·
ʲôЦģ㣡ȻܰҵĿƵܲ򵥰ͳж˿鶼ޣ
⻰ǿסЦʱֱŷ
СԹԣ㣬㳤þϲ죬ôడ
ҧгݵǲ֪ôү˵ˡ
˵ţСȭͷһȭ
ССĵ㣬ıԼСϷʵЦݣӭСȭͷ


949 ֪ʯ
ǲ
һȭһӴȥ;òˡ
ССȭͷϣȻӿɽС׶һ㣬СȻȻľûö
һӴ쵽ԷȻǿҪʱˣ
Ѿ˲˵ڵһ󵹷ɣһֱɳȥа֮Զſͣ¡
ҲǴۣ淭˴ӴѾʣ⻹ͷһط
֮иϽѾʵĲָλܻܵǰ
Сһаղûעմ˵ˣǺúýһ¡
˵ţһһȭ
ʾСȭͷʵʵһȭһ죬Ժʮ͸оʹЩ顣
ٿȴû˿ԾܹԼһȭģѾǷëֺһĴˣû뵽С͵һȭ֮ȻԼ֮£
ע⵽ˣҲûôһЦ˵
øС
䡭
һʮȭİӶЩˣȻûκβʵķӦ
ȵȣȵȣһֹ˻ҪԾԾԵһ˵С㣬е۸㣬Ҿ˹ˣôܽôȭ
ɹЦǲеֲס˲˵ģʵ·粻ʲô˵¶ҪӲ˵󻰣ɾͲصˡ㣬лȻɵһʯԼκε̬˵ˣǶܣҲܰ
Ȼżϵļأʯ䲻֪ҲΨ֮ϡ֮ɴݣ֮
ѵΪŻеţ
֮ϣӦþֵ
ոĿףʵϲǰĿףСһ仯ֻ̬ǯʴ޵ĸʴҺãڵӡ
ֲԼǸ׵Ĳʵأⶫ統лȻɵĶܹ֮ģҲָļˣ˵ˡ
ûпţĲʣܵĶڣҲδܹ飬һﲻǿᣬ̺Ŀֲ޷˵ܹʮȭҫҫ
٣СһӦôлҰȻЦʵ
һʣɰɵˡ
ʲʲʲôҸл㣿ûиΪʲôҪл㰡ԴҲ֪ʲô˼
˫֣Ȼ˵ղ֪ΪʲôðôҩˮϴʣѵӦøлô
ʲôϴʣʲô˼Ҳס벻ͨղԼõôϴʵҩˮ
ЦСһʵЩ࣬־еСӦû棬ȺŪŪ˵
úøһ£ǲǾԼ徫ࣿղõҩˮǧѵһϴʵҩˮ
ôƣǽԼжϵġʼʱףҲϴӲͬĽǶȿвͬĹâʵϾ䱾еɵЧ
ǲǯʴ޵ĸʴҺʴģȻº֪顣ʴҺʴ֮Ǽӹһ֣ʴҺֻܹһЩʣ˲ıԲŻ
ǻڴ˲źġ
ŸӦһԼ壬˵ûȷʵ徫࣬һʱϲţģҵǾˡһ벻ףΪʲôҪȥеʣʲôô
һ仰ҭǰҸʲôɽźȥأ
ţô£˵ս񣬿֪Ǹʲôôʵ
Ҳ֪˵˵Ǹʲôģ
ʱ˼ƽϣҡͷϵµһʦҲҶеʶָƣ˺õϣǼ׶һһͿҲŻʩ֣ᴿֳ״̬֪ô
˼ͷüͷ˵ôһ˵ͺҺܺõӣΪʲôҪôã㻹ûн͵ͨ
Цյ㿴ʦǶϣǲǶ൱
û˫Ƶ˼꣬ϺȻŰ׹âʢЩֿĻɢ޷ֱӵĹâͼо䣬һȭ
Ӳӣһһȭȴû֣ۼһȭ߿գϽӶȭһ͵Ĺ಻ʹһʱȵˡ
ʱЩˣżϼصϣӦǰһЩܹʶȥܹɵؾ͵Ĳʵʶˡ
ܹγԼʶ̵Ļȴӵ̻Ƶ˵־
ϸǿܣ̻Ʒõʱȴò̻ܵƵ˵־Ŀơ
Ҳ˵ܲԸΪУ̻ƵˣҪ̻ͨս
忴ȥʹʽȴϵޱȡȻûдϣͶľ޷磬ȴʹЩ
һȣżһ˿ߣȻ˰աոհͨԵקϣͼԼһȭ
һŰ׵ĹâСϼâƥ
ܹоŰ׵Ĺâ̺˲ĿҲͨԵӲӣֻܵԼе̬÷Ĺ
һ㣬Сȭͷһ̺ſŰ׹׷ϵΡ
Ĵ򷨣ǼΪġҪǻĸģ¼¾ҪĹˣ츳죬޾ģʹ֮£ûĴ˼ԽԽǾ
֪ȥֻԽԽҪûһЧķҪСһ
ˣ
һ鴩˵Ű׵Ĺâֱͷն
ԵĹӶƾԼͷϡ
һ죬鹥ͷϣͺͨĴ󵶿ڼӲʯһûκεЧ
Ȼ֪ҵӦ֪ҵĵܹ޼᲻ݣ˵ûõģ㻹ǹԹԵǰƳɣһһҿǺҪӴ
ſҴ֮ܵԱûע⵽пǱѾĶ


950 ¯о
ڸĶսУ̸ܵ޾Ӷ޽ͷǸʲôζˡ
սУͨԸ֣ȴʵܵ˱ѹסζ
Ǹɵؾ͵ʾ壬ڶֶģǿᣬ޼Ķ֣ƴǵġ
οҪ˿¯ҪѩĸӡＴƴƴӮҲǾԲеΪ
Ĺһ˸߹һˣ׼ȡ͵ϮʽսȻʤ֮ɣûôһͷ۵Сһ
ĬĬԼΧ󷨣Ȼͷų죬Ҫ޴ӣסע
ϣƳ󷨣Լ෴ķȥ
ĺȻʧ٣ССһ£漴ˡ֣˷ܿʼСȭͷһȭȭ
û뵽㻹ʹΪҾͶûˣ֪ķȻҿ㣬ٶҲ󽵵ͣеֻҪѹ鲼ռÿ䣬ͻ޴ɲء
ϵǣе·ǻһһҲ죬ҲзĹвУһ
ߣǲҪҵ뷨ʹˣҵ޾ģôȰҵľǰС첻ͣСָǼǿ˹
һʱ䣬ŰĿռ䣬зжĹ켸޴ɶ㡣
ӷɶûطˣ㻹ǸϿͶҪһʦҿԱ֤ȫ
ʴʵʱȻоԼĲһһ
ٺٺ٣ȲʤȯǲǣͲ֪Сƨƨ򣿡
ðˣӦûڰǱԼĹôڱأ
ûףһޱȵӡƨϣԼȴԼѾס
ıֳͨϢת˽ľϣаհ㵽ħ浱УСһ²ȥ֣ȡ˱Ĵʩ
СƨϺݺһţй˽ߣǱԼǱȻ˺üŴס
˺һӰѴ˺Ƶһûд⣬ʮŴȻ˿ʵ
ٻԼ֮󣬶ŴЦСԹԣؿ㻹ôţǲĸоǲֺƺҲûõУٸҿ񰡣СӲԣҪƨƨġ
˵ţѱ˿ŰסתƨɾǼơ
ǿ̶ȣû˿ı⼸Ҳκε˺ʵ˺С顣
쵰ֱɵķԸң㻹ôб°ҷųǹһ
ӴСԹԻôƢ÷עȻ٣͵͵תȻͻϮס㡣õ󷨣Ʒи߳ıõһܹõֶΣһӦеֶΣƾɣ
ⷬ˵ôȻʥַĶУȴǳ̵ζ
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أ۸ˣ㻹ӻûģء
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⻰ֹͣ˿϶˵Ǻáȸһ
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󾪣˫һţһһͦŶԿסԷǹɽѹѹС


951 
ߺߺߣ㲻ûҵѹ֮°ݷڵءһǣߡûаѻ˵꣬ӵԱ
ŭʳָָ˵ôǰװƣ㣬ΪʲôҪ
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ʲôָЩˣѵΪʾһ㣬ɥĲҪ֮أ
ʥҷֵģʹ֮ġԣǸĸأҪɱ㣬Ӧòϧһд˹ϣɱ⣡
ˣоһ鲼ȫʥлʥ֣ؾȻ˵˵˽ԴӣͬһСһ˵ĸĸһĸ˺ɱԼĺӣ
ĳ𣬻ʥƲ쵭˵ɴ£Ҫ棬˵һҰˡ˿¯û˻һ˵еֻǹ򣬻ǴԼ
ŭɶȵãȻô˵Ǿ㣬ʲô˲ǱҪģ
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ࣵһ죬ھʥǰһߵľ룬ȭһ¿ļǽڻʥǰֳ͸ƺ΢ȴǰƥȭεס
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952 
ҵĲ֮УӲϵŲţѰȫĵط
֮䵽һƽ̹ĵط˵ƽ̹ǱȽԱߵĿռģʱΧĿռѾ˾޴ʯ飬ߵĿռȫռˡ
գǹˣһһ·ѹǼġ
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ˡ
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ˡ
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ʱһֱڹ۲̬Ŀүˣɫѿĺܡ
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953 Ҳۣ
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ðɣȻ㲻۷ҲͲˣҲۣЦһǵĻ˸ſֲ


954 
˫һмðһŽɫĹ򣬹һͣͱ˳ȥ
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ͬʱȴٴУȫתŹ
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ģͬһʱ䶯ˣ⻪һȻ֮ЩϵǵõһĻָ
үٺ٣㵹ǺֶΣٺһЦҲģ֮УǾԵߣûܹͻ󷨣үС
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ͨԵȥʰһҲű뷨
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ãıƢЦһ˲ͦϡ
֪Ҫ춯֣ȴǵľԲǺ顣
˫гŨŨս⣬˵˲ߵķ޷ԿĻѾԱжΪˡ
ȣͺһеâſͨԵչš
䣡
Ӵĵâݺݵ֮ϣͬЭͬһֵĹ
ϧһ֮󲢲ͣЪһһķţϵߵ
ЩˣղӦóûѾûлȥֻܱذˡ
رķģ֪ʲôʱͻᱻһˡ
ǹΪ編ȴһСӶ޷⣬Ƕ˰һתƣĹѾ˺ʵλãǿڷ̵
磬һֱֵУʲôʱܵ裬ʱ׷ײԼķŭ
ڣ
Цһְһǹ˲䱬ԼٶȳȻײķ֮ϡ
꣡
ͬǱһ𣬹һĻС
ʱĵâǡôı˹
䣡
ƵײǹĻһ˲»˰ɣܿ
⻪ɢϵĹâ࣬мǼܵΪǿһ˿˿ѷ졣
ѷ켫ΪϸСʶȥ̽Ļ۸ͿɾǷҲǳ𻵣
ǿܵƵϷȻһˣ
Ȼ˵ⷨ״̬ѣӲ̶ȾԲͨԵܹġ
ôǲǸоܲȻһЦͨԵֱӿ˼ϣ͹ԡ
ˡ
ѣһԱ߶ڻĹһ߷ʶ
ŹǣǿԸҪģ
ܸʲôҲûʲôȱġЦѾͨ飬֮Ҫٴɲô׵ġ
ֱ飬пܻԺΣյʱ侮ʯܴڵΣɲ̰ࡣ
㵽Ҫôɣ΢ͨһһЭ顣
Դͷ˵ūԼ
ūԼ
ʱŭˣūԼһֲĴڣ֮˵ΪÿһǩԼһǩԼǽԶܵƣһ淴޷ȴŵĽ
ôҪͶôˣ۾ͨԵķֺȲϣЦһȻżƽϡ
Ĭˣ˵ĲͨԵǿѾ̹ˣҪǷͨԵȻһɳɳķ
ǲεõֱϾɳɳԵķּʼΪС
ôϢʱ俼ǣҿûôʱ˷ѣԴһ˵
һ

ˣ
״ͬشϢԸӣ
ߣʶ࣬ϣǲҪˣʲôУһ΢΢зţâ˸ѡ
ԹԵط˹ȻصĹ
ǰĹâ˿¶˱塣Ĳ϶ǼΪѵõģֻⷨʦֶλǲһЩһЩ֮
Ŀǰ۹һЩȱ㣬ĽĻɵ
ĬĬص˵ͷѾʼθˡ
ΪԸǩūԼͬʱͳϢݳһ
ǿʶֳһС֣ؿ
ƺһ㣬ʶڡ
ʶֳɣֱ˷ĺڣֻҪｫүµӡȥ´ĺۼͿˡ
һֱĶû˿˼ҲЩˡ
ٵʱ䣬ʼȥүӡǡүӡǺǿҪʶһͻƵױүʶɡ
Ƶ˵һʶӡǣ˵һξ飬ڶͼ򵥶ˡ
˵ʱʶֱȥҪʼʱüͷȴһ塣
үӡû̫ķɫ˲ͳˣӦˣԵú̲㡣
ʱˣ


955 
ʶѹĳ˳ʶֱӱԺ֮С
¡
ͬһըԴֻ΢΢һԴ졣
ʱȴ˲Ц⡣
׳գȻҴǵ⡣
˵ӡôȥģ쿪
죬ɱ

ݵĽǴϴģǵʶһȻЩϢ
ŭͬѹѾõĻɽ㱬˿Ҫʶ㹻ǿһεĳ㹻ˡ
ڼϿүʶĳ̫ǿҪڹؼʱ˼˶ˣ
ƾҪɱңð˳ʱˡ
ζû뵽Ȼ˶̵ʱھͻָѣҪȻǸղžͻᶯˡ
⡭ôܣشǵȴͬˮһʶ
¡
ݺݵһϵĹ⻪˲ɢˣǰĵϡ
ѾʶˣүʶֱӱɱǶܵ˼ĴˣֻҪԸ⣬ʱʧ
Ҫǳ
ѾˣǲԸգǾûйϵˣ˵ʶһһسˢ
Щʹ˵ʹĲţİţⶼ޷ͣ
һյĹڵʶ׵ɢˡ
ЦһͨԵĵ
黶תһȦƺڸлΪ
һֱ̣뵽һ֮УѾûʶ˸һɶ
ţֽȫɵ³ǰ
ôǲǺܹ񫣿ؿŵ飬Це˵
ζһ壬ȻһƱõ졣
ʱˣüһԭҲгԱʱ򰡣
ˣȥɣһҪһӲأҰԭΪϣһõ塣Це˵˵һֱ֣õʧˡ
ͨԵ΢΢ţβ˼ҪĲٴһʵ
յ˵Ĳ϶ͨԵҪһЩӦýͨԵڻ͸Уܹ޶ȵķ
ϧѰˣͨԵ֮ĸĺܣȻԸ˷һЩˡ
ǱĨɱ˲䣬үɫһ죬һѪ͵ߣȴǱֱѹ˻ȥ
ɲǿЦģ֮˵ѪҺĺܣҪ³ȥһڣ绹֪²ָܹء
ү񱩵غţǼƺ޲Ҫ̻һ
Ա˵ɫһſүģȻ׷ʲô顣
˵Ŀ˸ŵǣһ仰Ҳ˵ܵǣ
һүҧгݵ˵Ͼǵõ֣ľߵĺܡ
¡
үݺݵһţŭй˳
ǡ
˲ͿʼˣǿߵĿֲһţֱõܲסѹ顣
һվڿүۿŽµرֻʵʵطţƶ֡
һǡүϾǾļ֮ˣ˫˸֮䣬ѾԸµİš

֮У˿֪ԼѾѿүǸģȻǰ˼Ÿʰǡ
ǾԲŵģȲ˵Щ걻֮ռţ˵Ĺлʮǿҵģһռ֮ڶսԭȵ˵ʱ˵鷳֡
ǽǻԭΪĲϲѵѡ񰡣ǺǣͨԵһҪһٱ˰ЦǺǵ˵ŰСͨԵ
˵Ĳ£ҲͨԵĻӦˡ
һſүǱҲȲ˶ʱ䣬һԼ˷ʱˣѩػ͸㲻ûܵһЩĥɲҪġ
˫һϸһŽɫĻͷų
ǰɣҷճһףŻֱ䵽ǰߡ
Żͬһ㣬ٵֱӽһһϣһµķš
ܿ죬⼫ߵ¶¿ʼڻķֱӱڻ飬ž졣
ۿţãֻҪΪĲϣԲЩôãֻܷյ
δδδ𡭡
ܿ죬һεŨܵĺɫճʴӻе䵽ϣ̳һ׶
ЩǲеʣڵڶƵĹбѡ
Ż֮£ٵڻţڻŻŵĲϡ
ŲγɣЦˣһһۣŻֱںϳΪһţЩҲ°
ŲϾҵţںϳΪһš
ţЩûõĶͷ°˵ôͬƵʱʦһЩϣЩ϶ͨԵûʲôô
ؽǷγһҴСĲϣ˴ָС
ˣڣԷʱˣǺһЦ˫һӣͨԵʣĲײһ½
˫ʱʱشһӡǣԼͨԵ¸һ¡
ͨԵĿǰ״ʲôı䣬ϾôĸͷҲһЩۡ
žУͨԵٵؽںϽߡ
ܿ죬ͨԵ͵һɫâһХд
ˣ˫һģѾоͨԵ࣬ϵͨԵøټֶΣֱͨԵñ֮ǰ編Ҫߵȼ
ټϵɵ壬õƷʵõ˴ȵߣͨԵѾˡ
ãͨԵصУϱ߻ЩֻӶһ£أǿۡ
߰ɣȥǸĿү˫һɣͨԵٵǰȥ
ܿ죬ԶԶرǼһ
ǹվſүˡүɫǲÿܹɱ˵У֪϶ˡ
Ȼǻ˭ᱻģϾٵˡ
ţôһˣüͷһšֻĸڣ֪һȥˡ
ģ֪үǲǻİţǸ˾Ͳڰأ
ǿʶϸɨһܣûзǸļһ
ڣѵǱȥɫЩѿˣµʵЩ˷ֿж
ÿһǳǿߣԸҲͰˣһȥԵأǶ˵Ѱ
ǰֻˡ
ٵؿţŻˡ


956 Ӱ֮
ʵҪ˵Ļһ˵ǽ顣
үǧ˶˵㲻ϸɽֹҲԶԸ
ѡΪѩĸӾԶλáΪɷΪףǰǵɽ𺣣Ҳֻ޷˴ȥ
ɨ˿үһۣǰߣѾ¶˾ģѪҲҪԼɷ򵱸׵Ρ
ϵǣү˲ûΧ׼սǸÿһ·ȥ
һ˵ôǲûô
⻰ɲ˵ģү쳣һٶʮСġ
Щ˵ΪʵԺɨ磬Լ͸˵Ķ֣Щıֲܲ񼡣
ھԶλãнٶȡҪͻʩɱ֣治öԸ
үǿѹԼŭ˵һ֮ˣȥ׵žһ£Ҳһ°ɡҲҪ̫ˣȥźӰɣΪ㻹ܻ뿪ô
Ц㻹ĺİ˵ĳ£Ͳ˼ҵźӴˣߣôαȻ죬治֪Ƥʲôģ
үɫ䣬ȴǿаȥ
һԵĻûпүĺָȵ֪ôǼ㣬㻹ţĶźӸĻᶼûˣʶ̧ٵĶ
ۺݺݶס˻壬˵ʲôҪԼңܷûǸ¾ͱ˵ԼݵĴ󻰣ʶ̧٣ʸ˵Ļô
һ仰ѻҭֱۡĻȻǺˣûǸԼȥҲֻܴŴŭĿӡ
ˣүЩջˣͿҪҪˡѡ񣬻ǸϿȥˣ߾ǸǻƴЩʲô
ͨĿү治ʱ͸Ǹϡ뵽һǿԿүĽ䱸һѩػ
ѩĸʮԶľ룬Ȼ䷢һ͸ǽסԼȥ·ǽǳ̣ҪȥͱҪǽɰĹƣǽҪԼүûֵĻԤϡ
ŤͷſүЦʲô˼ѵҹôԶľԼ޶ôˣһҵȻûǲǣưû뵽Ϊز˻ֶΡ
үҲû˵㲻ҪС֮ĶȾ֮ǽĳΪ˱ĸӵġİⲻǼٴȱʲôģֻҪôҪնҪǲˣ㻹ô
⻰˵õҲܺͷ˵ȴүһ˵ǧ죬ǽ򿪣ʡ˼˵ݺ
ǧ쵭һЦ߳һһӨ͸ССǧһ˦͸ɹȥײǶ͸ǽ
ײĵطֳһССУСв󣬵ֻࣵһ죬͸ǽһ飬һεĳɢ
ӹоɵǳд͸Ȼȴ͸ĸоϽڵеֿһСֵ͸ڡ
һ£û㿴үһۣѩĸ
ѩػͿȥûʲô󰭣ֻɫЩ㲣ԵЩί٣Կ϶ĸûܵŰ
ѩػ͵ΪӦóήٵ״ĸǲҩǱĿƣĸӶ˼塣
ѩػͲûжļ󣬵ǵΪȴסˣӦǷѹΪҩֵ״
ˣѩػ͵˵ûˣڣҲõʲôˡ
ѩ¶ּżε飺ûչ˺ûͶ㻹ҪΪǲģǡ
ػʹĸ׵Ļ˵ףʵҲãûܱĸףҪǣҡ
΢΢Цҡҡͷʾػͱ˵ȥˣĻ˭Ҫ˵ˡ˵Ļɷ򣬸ûоԼΡû¾ͺãϾͻؼҡ
ʵѩĸӵʱʹ⣬ҪһдѩĸܡѾĸӶû̫⣬ֻҪѩĸܣүǾԼġ
Ѿ˼ɹֻҪԼôסѩĸӣɹӳȥ赲һ¿үˣԼܹѩػˡ
ȻҪʱȴԼڵȻ޷ղŻúõģôתۼͳ
һ£ڵ֮ͬһ޷Լϵϡ
ǲɷɲζܰɣǧ˫ֱأЦ˵
ֽţǹ޳ܵˡ˲˷ʲô̲סŭĿӡ
Цô˵ɾû˼ˡǳμʱҪǸǳһǾûôƨˣУʱ̶ʱôǵģѵ޳ô
ܲмһ˵˵ǵΪ޿ɺˣˣҲô飬˵棬Ҿ֪ôжģ
ʵҲЩˆ£֪ҪľҪʱ䣬һԼˣѩػͣˣͽ뵽ٲľء
үЦ㻹治򵥣ϾͿԼжˡʵҲ¶е飬˳ȻȻ״еİӰ֮ûֱӵĹġ
Ӱ֮ƣӷɿתԺз˼䣬ҲҲֶҩֻƬ
ǺǣǴĻǣƫƫ˵޹أеƷɰ
˭֪үȴǺ죬ɫ˵˵⻰ǾԸεġ֪츳ǿᣬʦĶҩûκΰ취ԶҩߣеĶضɾˡ
⻰һ㶣ʲô˼¶ʲôֱϵ
үֵһ飬û¶ǸոյǽڱʱܹһܹڻĶȫշһֽӰĶأܹߵΪΪ㡣Ǻǣû뵽ɣ
ô򵥣һ泤˼ʶﻰ˼е㲻ſү
үɫ˵һҾûƭ㡣ˣѨԹ廨ʯ֣˿¯涾ӴҲò̾ôЩ涾ȻͦˡãЩ涾ȻûҪܹɾô


957 
һ㣬ǲϣѨԹвԵ涾廨ʯеʯ˿¯еʴѪ꣬ԼĻһ˺ԼȻܹȥЩǺġ
涾˵ļܻӦķӦЩط棬ų⡣ղŵǹȴ޼ӦӦеȫڶԸд涾أ߱޷ԣ˵һийϵô
ͷȷʵǸûϵ޷찡©һͰеұԸסˣ޶֮Ӱˣ
ү¶ֻƿȫֲŻ¶ʤߵ΢Цһжǵƿ֮ˣ㻹νô㣬ˣˣؽʹ㣬ǷѵҪŰһΪӴ
ǧ컹л壬ƵЦһ
ȴǺţȻʵǾôƶһܹƵңѵ֪ҸǷôĿҪʲôô
үһЦȻ֪ˣʵ֪Լ״ĥƤӣʱɣǰӰĹЧͽ⿪ġٸôʱ䣬ҲⲻӰ֮
Ȼһ֣һĶȻЦ֪ʲôô
үһüͷ󷨻ʯô̵ʱǵƤ£ܹ𾭵סǹô֪㲻ΪߣĴʦĴʦʱͳض㻹ôأ
ߣҪԲ֪˵ţ۾ҵɨ˿үһۡ
򶨵飬ÿү
ϾǰѨԹ廨ʯ֣˿¯ȫŪ˰ⷬΪÿү˺޵ҲòͬʱҲ˼ɵ֮⡣
үͷһƫ壬ݸɫ
ףҡ߳УԴ˵ĲСạ̃ʲôĵơ
䣬һֻ˦־嶪˷ɹ
û뵽Ȼȷѣִ֮£ֻ˫һһ£Ϻ»أԼӲķɹ
䡭
ɹҵ˻ϣ˾ҵıըڻ˵㲻ϡ
һΪʲôأ˰죬ôЩĶҰûЩڵĶ
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ಣһλεĶ˹
벻⣬̧־ȥ
Сģ򣡡ү˶ߣѻ塣
λεĶգۼ͵˻ǰȻ˿үľ棬ȭͷѾǸλεĶ
ۣһŰɫķ۳ʱס˻塣
ŵˣһֱ˵ү߲ͣ
үϽʵ£һԣûжļ󣿡
ĬĬһ壬ҡͷүûжļҡޣޡ
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Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ϵƤͱץúͨͨһƬ
ⲻǶҩܹʹ˸ϵޱȵҩۣүϳ˻еķ۳ɵŭգ㻹伫ΪЩСܹתôǧ죬ǹȥԸҸ崦һ¡
ЦҲûһҩ۾ֻܰʱ䣬㹻Ҳ󷨵ˡ崦Ҳˡ
˵ţЦݵسŻͿү⡣
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ǧһɳ죬ڰһ¡ǴӵһΣͳ˹ȥ
ǧһƣƻδƷͰΧĵĵ÷ɳʯԲɵķΧڣȥһࡣ
Ȼǿ廹ڣƷܰѵݣȴǺ˺һ̧ͷֶǧӳ˼ɹ
伸ըɹȻ˲ǧ죬ɹըĳȴǰǧƷƻˡţǧӳһλεĶ
ⶫûŵĶǧʶⶫը˽Լһ͸Ͻܣɻص˿үߡ
ǸλεĶȻڰձըɫķĩƮƮɢڿУǧ찵кա
ϣգۼͿһȭʱȴȻܣǴϡ
Ϊʵ֪ģȻʹãͿֲǿһȭġ
Ҳûָһȭ˵ϣԼսסһͰʰˡ
˭֪Ȼһûˣ
ܣ㲻˵޳ôˣʲô˵ţǰ׷
Ȼ͸оһʹʧȥƽ⣬ʵʵˤ˸ʺ
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ǧϵߣһѰקص˿үߡ
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үҵĽſˡҧ˵
⣬⡭ôܣǿ̶ȣʲôܹ˵㣿үԼĶ䡣
ԼĻ̌үһλĽС
үһʲôôܹ壬ҿû
үһṆ̀ȴɱһ㺿С
ậ֮үӶɳˣʽôĶ
ǧС˵үˣȥĺʹߣʹùⶫҹǴǸطậ֮Ƴâ֮ҲΪ
ү۾ðˣһ̧ۣȴǱ磬ɿ첼ءүĹȥĻ壬ȴûдãֻ
ҪһЩֻҪֹҩҺ
΢һˡ
â֮ʮںҪҶĻâ֮ƣüԽԽ
ⶫӲΣһξͻһֻõ˿ڸݵ̵롣
˿ڣҪġͬʱҲܼʹ࣬Ϊ˿ڵҪậ֮ÿһεĴܵ޴ʹ
үǧ壬ԼǸâ̡֮


958 Դ
߼ӽ󷨣ǵүʵ̫ǿҲѪԼ֪ǿóá
󷨣ûʹùΪһ׾󣬶ڲ󷨵˱˵ǳȥģǽҲȥǰ󷨻ʯȫƵ󷨲Żᱻơ
󷨹żϿ󷨣üֱǲ˼顣󷨱Ǹ˵ģ󷨵˻ͨõ󷨴ﵽһĿġ
󷨾Ȼ˼ȰԼأҪǶֲ󷨵Уǲ󷨵ԾĹ
Ϊϲоͼ󷨣оΪӹ񣬿²ӻ󷨣ɽһϿү⼸ֲĸ֣ͱҪ֮ضС
үǱߺܿ촦˻ƣȻűƣ˵òǳүҲҩҩĽϾͻָˡȻûظ״үһսûġ
飬үȫԹĿⶢʱίɵ񣬱ŴƣŪټǰ±һ³ɺޣү˺޲̻
а㣬Ȼں¶ܰǸͷġ죬˭Ҳ޷ֹ㸲ˡүĿǰֳǷ߸ϣһű˵ĸڸס·һֻϵķ蹷һҪҧڲܽޡ
Ѿú󷨣ү˿ԿվһĵԴм䣬ʾȻôҪҵ
ոձ㣬ȿүҪ̲סҪǰ壬ȴүһס
ô˸ղôô嶯ǰͷԱ߰סһСӽǧҪ⣬־ս
˵꣬үŲߣүҶҲ֪һΪƾһִټڳ󷨣ܶôôھԵʵǰʲôǲһģ
һһεĻȣа
û󷨣ΧпЧģΪ󷨣ĵĸ˼еһԼйڷɢΧ̬ƣڿġ
ߣĸһϵıȽϺãһһһʰʹ㣬һϣҾǸʲôӰ֮ʰҲǲڻµġ
ô˵ĸĴǣ֪ôӦԡ
ү˲һüͷʱ˵⻰Ŀĵġϣһȥ߾ϣ˷ɢȻǸ򵥵ѡ⣬ɿү
Ϊү޷жʵͼԷϣһȥǿ϶ӦԵֶεģһҪթأ
򵥵ѡıү˼ȥǾɢȥҪˣթˣ˿ɾͶˡ
үôѡ񣬻ǽڶ԰Ӱ֮ĳµġ
ô˵ҵľˣҪǶһ˰Ӱ֮˶û취ؼұءҪСģһҪʹթ
ΪȻ֪Ӱ֮ҲſүжϣҲİгɵ
˵䣬үѾıԵүͣ˽Ų¿Щ㣬Ц֪ʲô󷨣ܹסô
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ǵҲǣ̫үˡ˵ţү߽㣬Ѹٰʶͷų̽ΧһУΧ棬ûκε
ǺǺǣ㲻ǾŪһѷƭǰɣҪĻɹˡƭ־ƭֻ֣Ҫһ߽ƭ־ʲôˡ
˵ţүһ֣壬ǧ춼̤
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ͬǾޱȣ֪үǿ˰һһĽ֮£үһǿ൱ڻ弸ۺϵս
ˣóͿɨƽ磬ԴƵĻүǿѾ˷ָĵز
ڵƾ壬Ǿսʤ˿үġ
ߣҲǿͲý뵽һ֣һɹү
үĿ˻Կọ̈̄÷ɹǰ̧һƷ磬ѷɹ͸ˡ
ɹ֮һɫԲ򻺻䵽ϡ
㻹ףѵҵɵôڹˣЩֶΣҲһأڶ˭ϵ
䣬䵽ϵĽɫСࣵһ΢ıըⱬըȻ죬ȴһɵĽɢ
ү治˼˸㣬Ұµ󷨣ûļ˵ġұѾ޷ǺͷˡҪƷжһҲᱬըлл˰
㱰ɣ޳ܣүɫ࣬Ҫĸˡ
үĳ𣬷Ц˵ҲûˣѾӭΪδľԴСһ䣬֮ضģ߶޷ȥɡ
үʱ鴤ܿȴԼһԲɴССռΧǽ⣬ӱλãҲ˵ټ
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үô°ұסˣʲôλðȻشǻ壬ǧҲӦԼϢ
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תͷү۾ԲȻǾǲҪúˣ
үһǰҪ˭֪һתȻʧڽ⵱ˡү첽嵽ʧĵطǰһ壬ȴݺݵˡ


959 ڽⶾ
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ôֱ׳˵ÿүǰ˼Ҳ󷨣ʲôĻƣ˼һһ
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үһ㶣ʵ£ʲô飿
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үѾܹκεѹˣһô˵֪ѾûκεͶȡɵˣֻзΨһĳ·
һүû˻ûʧĶ뷨һŽֺʮȭŰһָ顣
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ȿүߵǻ弸Ǹүʵ̫ˣүϼʮȭźһ֣Щһһٶȭûкһ
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뵽ǿ⣬Լϵֶ޹ա
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Ҫˣ޷ϵҲ޷ųڵĶأӰ֮ȻȴǷǳŽ⣬ͷ۵顣
֮Զķ
Ȼ̳˴Ķҩ֮󣬾ȵķЩҩһʹ˺֮ϾʧӰ٣Щҩͺųһ
¼ҩﶼԣǵһϣϸԼóĽԼ÷˼
Ӱ֮һֶҩǧǸǸǽűѵ쵽ڡ
뵽֮ҲνİӰ֮ͻշڵĲ涾ʱڵ᱾ܵĿĲжǹҲǰӰ֮һּЧӦҲǶʶ֮ϡ
շжжϣһۣҵһͻƵ㶼֪ô֡
˰죬һеֵ뷨Ժ֮С
Լոշöҩǿҵʹĸо屾ӦӦɺַӦʧˣ˵Լڵ˱ܵķӦֱֻӰ֮ˡ
ӴҩļôӰ֮᲻˶Ʋס屾ܿķӦأ
뷨ʵ̫ˣ¿ԼָڵĶҩЩȥ㹻˰
ҩ㹻ˣԼܹܵô
ڴʱ˴һĺǿүھҵҵ


960 ֲĽⶾ취
ԴôӵھԵʵǰҲбƵʱ̡ǿԿүˣǾԲϣġ
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˼·ǶԵģôĶҩемܲסˡ
ҪǣܵҪƣһʱ䣬оԼһĴֻҪһͱܹ
үĺУɵðЦӲ䣺ʲôأͨҰɣҶѾϰˣЩûõˡ
ɳүϵǣǱߵĺȻǲˣ˺ѷһĲҽÿүЩͷƤ顣
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ˣˣ۲۰Ϊ˸ҵô㻹ʡԺǺúýһ°ɡ
ү䣬һȻһԼǰ
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ᰡӰֻ֮ܰ˵Ϊѹޣôôǿҵء
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үһ£ͣ˽Ų۾Ķȫ䱸
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үһЩƳȳȵĶЩĵ͵ȼϣˣˣʵʵˣˣ
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үһֱĿռڵ㣬ƽ
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˭֪Ļʮƽ벻үٺЦεζ
ү֪ղΪʲôȥôΪҵ˽⿪Ӱ֮İ취ˡȣӰ֮֮Һø°ҰԼȫĶҩˣڵҪǸսйҶ챻ˣлл㰡
ү͸оһᣬ޲ðϳһڿҧŽޡ
⿪˰Ӱ֮ôӣǰ֮Ȼܹʰ㣬ڿԾңȵˣǿҪú˰
˵һҵȷʵǲ˺ܶ࣬вҩˡҪڵֿʼˣһҲԴˣûˣ˵ãǻãǧأ
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үͦүǵİ㺰ɣʹ㺰ƺûã


961 Ǳ
үˮ乣ȴǶԼûκεİ취
ˣһϽİĿռڵ俪Ϳ԰ѾԴˣͿԸˡ㰡ܹһ˸Ŀռ䣬ѾĸǴһŬҿӴ
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ÿүҲƴˡͲͬھӡ
֮ĽǶľԵġڵĿռڵǴåо
֮󣬰ϰ·һѣϰݺݴԼؿڣѪ۾¶ɭɭݣУҰ
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嵨֮౾ܵľͶɶͼǻˣ岻Լȭͷˡ
˼£ΪΧĿռ̫СͱһȭУˤȳ졣Ҳ֪ʱһζֻԽԽ͸Ź
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ӵүľһЩÿүδЩСˣոջͻӲûҲӺΪ˰Ӱ֮ҲǸƽ֣ѵ˶ܷ죿
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ȿү۵ͷ³ߵʱͲӰȻңĳͷϸ֮£Ȼ߹ˡ
үƣȻһ飬ɵɫ䣬ԸԼһĻ庰壬һ£ҵøϽǧǱȥ
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弫Ϊǿᣬĳʱ뵽״̬ĸ֣ǧͷģ


962 ˭Ҳù
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ʵûҵ״̬ǹǧ졣Ϊ֪үһƴͨռڵǧϵġ
һ˻ˣеһˣѾǲˡ
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밡ȴȴƨɣǱĵط˵ţ۾ⶢǧЩλ
ǧ͸о۾еһ㣬ɨԼÿλ̲סǸλϺݺһ
ү֪ǧʱӦر־壬ƫƫүԼѾ͸֧ˣҪͨռڵȥǧ죬Ҫһʱ䡣
ǧ죬£ڲǷ״ֻ̬Ҫûʲô£һܹߡ
ˣٺٻЦǧ죬ûУϴڸءʵҲϣܼסǶͬˣҪһӾͰѶָˣǲǾûֳɾ͸أһɱһˣǶû˼ҿȴ￪ʼء
˵ţһƽǧ졣
ǧ찵п࣬үҪһʱ䣬ʱڣֻܿԼҧˡҲ̫ˣһƽǧûŲĿռˡ
ҪϮǧ컹ԼٵɶԷӽͰԼҪŲĿռȫڹĶܰ
۾ˣ˵˲۾ʹƨɿʼɡ
˵ţһ̧ȣǧƨ
ǧȵľȳֻ֣ҪԷˣԷΪͲչ˵Ų·ߡǧץסŲ
ۼһ߹ǧȣ˳ȵķʹ˳ȥʵսеĹ·ߣ֮ǰķǶԷ޷չ˵ķܳȥܹ֮ľġ
һжǽĹͼȷʵǧƨϵĻϵģǧû뵽ǣһУǧӦ֮Ͱ˻ȭһõǧܳ·ϡ

飡
ǧһҽУǧݺˤ˵ϡ
ôһɾ͸жûУһȭͷŵˡŵصǧ죬Щʧӡ
ǧŭˣǿͷĿѣ̫ˣ˵Ҫƨɵģô˼أ
Сӣ컹ͦӲӾ͸߸Ϊʲô
ۣ
һǧĶϣǧ۵ûΣһϺס
СԲУֵĻ㶼ţ͸ѵű˻µĺ
һһźݲǧ죬ǧȵҽС
䡭
үǱǧĲҽУļǿ˺ռڵĽ࣬үҲȥοǧˣеͨռڵϲȷѡ
ûǵӪŬǧ죬ҪǧסȻǵ˹ȴˣǽһôߵ鰡
ۡ
ǧ챻ֻгûнˡ
ү𣬰ԼϵȫԴĽڵ㡣
ڣүǧֻ֮ʣһռڵĸˡ
ǧ죬ûУǵϾҪˣֵĲûʧȻˬôʱ䡣ǲǸýϷˣղһֱͷԲѣûõںȻˣ˵ǵܹһʱͻȻô
ͨԵק˳ĺ⣬ǧľ񾭶ʱ
ǧ죬âүŴ󺰵
⻰ٸвþһֶΣռΪео
Ҫӵնǧ죬ȴǧֺݺһԼؿڣؿڵλϣѪ¶һ⡣
ã
ϸı⣬ʽδϾͳ鵶ˡ
ˡ
һͳǧؿڵǵŷâ͸оԼȫǱĸڣʹüûһ㡣
ǽԼ˵ƴܵһռڵģâ£Ŀռڵ㱻飬Ϊռڵֵһ£Իָһ£ۼâãϽܵһռڵ㡣

û뵽ǧϾȻֶգִټâԼҪʲôĽ֣
Żһ壬ȴֻʹޱȣ̧һֶоȻ֣Լڵֿʼ궯ˡ
һε궯ȴܹƵ˵ģǰоһȥͻᱬ
ĸоͲôˣӰ֮ѾûӰھͶҩ֮ķĳ档
ͷۣ·и׶ڲϽһۣиڲǣอһۣĳֱۡ
ܷʱǴĶҩŰʱֻʶڵһѶŽ⡣
ˡ
ڿүǱߣ֪ʲôᣬķҵģ޷ʶרŶ
ûУŵ˷ܣҿĲϣҪˣȥźӱʵ̫ûɾ͸ˡûĻͷʡǹҼ㡣
ʱŭգԼź˵£Ǵۡû˵ĸָоǿס߽ռڵڱߣȷһλãһͷ˳ȥ
үѾϵһˣҲû뵽Ȼʱǵǰ
뿴ӵЦǰɣΪŪðǾͺùˣǣôң˭Ҳùˣ
˵ţһʮɹ
ಡ
ҧгݰķɹһԶ˿үˡ


963 â
ߣķɹȴǺнָòˣΪ
үչ˵ǧ죬ҡͻ岻߰˸ǧģжʮ
ɹұըͻȻⶫһʱҲ岻ǧǱҿпүչˣȻЩɹ㲻ûҪǧ
үæҽ˴󲿷ֵķɹ󣬿ɻǧϱըǧһҽУ˹ȥ
ͻŭҪסûӢ֮ɹϾ˵һռڵ
ŭɶȭͺռڵڡںһҡΣޣȵǲǺܴô㲻˵ǲù˭ҲùôӾǰ
ס֣үһȣ壬ôˣҪܰĻǲʲô¶ýˣȥɻúһԼ
ʵҲòᣬҲ뵽ڵĶɱүôһȣֻ㬰ѻ
ʵүγѻ𣿵֪ô嶯ֻ»ͲЩ˳嶯ء
Ϣһڣү˵ǱھԴУѾ·磬ֱСӰһѾܵشɲҪˣǱϾֻҪǲңûа취һңСӾͻлɳˡ
˵үһ£˵ǧѾδȬһ̣ѵ״̬һƾԴеǻСˡ
ò˵үȵģһϯϳɳصȰ˵Ҳ˻
ү˵ǣǲСˡүǧôˣ
ûȿүشڵĿռڵﴫãããɷ죬ȷʵкүǡҲָһ塣˵˰˭Ҳ׼˭˭ҪǴԷĻͲˣ
ոƽϢµŭ𣬶ʱֱȼ⣬үĻҲˣ󣬵Ը㻹ôš
Ŷǵÿһ£Ѿʮֱˣ㻹вʮܼһʱ䣬ưҹʱ㹻һָˡ壬ϵļýʱּⷴĸоˬһ飬ĺڴ
⻰ʱﻹſү׻׻̵ǰȭͺڡ
бӺúøһܣ
үٴʧȥǣҲ˲ǧˣһѳס壬ȵ壬ʲôҵĻҲô
أԷ߷߲ƽŭ˵үС˵Ķʲô޲˺Сӡ
ס죡ү޲øһͣסˣղŵĽѵôӱʮ겻˾Դ󣬻ܵȻܣǾʵʵҴţ
⻰Ҳãү˵Ķʵֻ¡
үһ˵壬ǧ죬ǵʥҩֻҪĸʱǧָܻ
˵꣬үתķЦˣЩСϷЩվϲ̨ġҲˣõ֮Ǻúˣ֮ǰ˵һУȨΪֵôɡ
˵үô֪֮һں°İ㵽ʱܺҿǰ˼Ⱑ
ԴȴǰǽϵòᡣʲôʵԵʤôûУ෴ģǶĵϸȴԽԽˡˣ磬ӵеĵ̲˽ġ
ԣǸ⡣ոǸâǲ򵥣ҪڱĵطʹóŪһԴˣôӵĳôģ
е񣬾ǿү˲һ֮˸
ҵĻʵǧâıֻڵϵӵϲŻôһҲˣԿģԲŻᱻǻɵܸԼ´鷳Ķô
Ǻǣԭǧ˲ֵĳΪǸģͿԭ£һܵвǰʹõģһоͶ˵Ĺȥˣôô
үЦʵˣýƱôȣҲ󣬾Ȼܹڳǰѣʵ̫ãһֱôȥô
ߣҲŻҡҪڱĵطʹֳܵشǾܵˣֻǸոֻâӴһ£ֱ֪ĳ޲ģһΧڶᱻУҪȻˣǧ첻Լʹָӣ
үԽ˵ͱԽˡ
û뵽㻹Ǹ֡ȷʵǧûҵǲʹóġ˵ʲôģ޷㣬ҲΡ˵˵ȥ˵׻Ƶʱˡ𼱣еʱ档
˵үǳһ̲סЦ
ˣɵЦү˼Ǿ͸ˣôͲżƾԴôôõҰ
үʲôǧָ󣬷ҲȥȨҲָܻˣҲĸģģҾҲаհ
⻰û˵ͻȻðһ䣺үЩ飬ǵĸʱԺ˵ɡ
˵꣬һ仰Ҳ˵ˣү˵˼䣬Ǳ߾ûжүҲͲոһ·ԮˣүҲ۵Ҫ
үϥ»ָʱңƣ;ͻָòˡȥˣֻڷõҩָ֮ǧأҲָ߰˰ˣۿûʲôˡ
Щү˺ܶ࣬ͻȻԱ߿ռڵ̲סС
ָôˣ߿ǶָòˣǺʱҲ뵽ʱ˰ɡ
˭֪Ǳ߾ȻǾþûлү֣Ӹ
ʲôʲôԼϢ˾Ͳܱ˵ˣûйİ
Ǻǣ㻹ûǾͺãǾͺáһȫָˣһ
Ŷѽҵ⣬ΪưӰ֮ѾڵҪˣǸùâֱǲҪǼָҪʱָ


964 ˭ż
һ̲סЦΪʲô鶼Ըչô󣬿żż
еŵĿ־˹Ǳ𰡣ٸҵʱ䣬һָòãܲƽ֪ô
ƽ㲻жŤôҵǾãʲôֶζԸ㣬ǾԹƽġŹǧʱôû뵽ƽأ
үԹۣȻֹ˻壬ðȻϢһҾͳȫ㣬ǲż
żүôܲżأ򿪾Դ󣬲ͿʰɶСô
үЦ壬ôôĿӣΪ뼤󣬵ʱǷһռڵ㣬ķѴݴͣôô鶼벻أ
ʱȻԴ˼˵үҪѣСӵĵ
˵꣬ûүѾʶĹˣ˵ʲôҲûˣҪǳüֳɵģŶûУǾͺţ˭ܺĵù˭
Ȼǿˣ鷳ˡˣѵǾͲżȥôʲô˼ѵôţҪôһطһСô
үЦȷʵûʲô˼Ǹ֮Լ۵ðȴҪ㡣ˣǿԺĵ𣬿źӣͲ֪ܲܺĵˡ
ǳ⣬ȻûΪү̼෴ģ˵һĪĻ
ղ˵ĸʱԺ˵˵Ǿ仰ʱڣȥ೤ʱˣ
үҲûһ˵ˣϾҪĸʱˣǲеżˣԼź棬⼱ǿġżȫƽԴ
ʹûү˰Ҳû˵ԼҲ˵ӦĿǰ
ûһڿүʱ򣬾ǧ໵һ߸Ծ𣬽ͨһ䵽˵ϡ
үһϽʵôˣǧ췢ʲôˣ
ϽүҲ֪ô£ǧͻȻǷһ
үǰȴǧ°ĭ˾﷢һ㣬βֱһǺκ죬ҪҵĽࡣ
죬ĲŶסǧ죬㰴ĸ첲壬㰴סȡ
ڿү£Ͻ˽һǧžͰסǧĸ첲
ͬʱҲסǧҵŵȡ
үǰһǧƤɵþôôĶ
۾ɳˣʲôж⣬⡭ôܣǧһֱߣôжأүܿеʲôô
үǧǧ߲˵ĭŵһţüͷǳ֣ǧеĶǳӣмʮϰֵĶҩ϶ɵһôᡭ
˵ү͵һתͷǱ߸ȵĹǲǣ
˵ûƾûݵģҪԩ˰ҿһֱǲһռǴĿõġҪôţҸ̰
үŭ˵Щղ㻹ʵûĸʱҵʱûףҿ֪ˡһ˶ŻеĹؼġҪûֽŵĻô֪ô׼ȷĶʱ䣿
ǺǺǣе㲻˼ˣȻ㿴ˡǵӳķɹô治˼ǷɹҵѪҺ棬ǧ챻ըһ£մȾҵѪҺˡΪƽǵùİӰ֮ҰԼеĶҩˣǧҲжˡ
һû˻޳֮ͽȻôֶζԸǣţǻϣ
ȴҲ죬˵ǻǱôʰңôǧɡˣҵиƵİ취ǲ֪벻֪
һ仰ѿү˶˵ɵˣȻ⣬ǲأ
үɫҰף鴤ǧ죬ҧ˵˵ʲôư취
ʱ򣬿үҲе㲡Ͷҽ뷨ˡ
Ϊ˰Ӱ֮Żðٶ߷ڵģǧ˰ٶǸϰӰ֮˵ЧӴһ˵
ƨŭⴿ⣡ǧ춼ˣ°Ӱ֮Ҫ˵ˣΪӰ֮׸㵽ôǾһ㶼õˡ
үֱۣһżʵ˵ˡڿүҲûоİ취ֻȸǧһЩѹƶҩĵҩҪ׸ǧϵĶԣ²ô򵥡
ŶҲûʲôõİ취ˡ˵и취ǿһԣвͨаٶˣҪ֮⣬Ҫ˽ˮˮϴĶزЧˮҲġ
ү֪ġô涾ȷʵҪжĶصģҪȻᱻطʴõİ취ȷʵˮˢЧѡ
ɲǼ䣬үȫˣ
ʵôܲһԼźأûԼЩ˺ȥġ
ôһ⣬ǧжƵЩ˲òȥҲһȥ
ǧжԼƣ£źܾǺ׾ٵˡ
ƣ
ǰ˱Ƶ˾·ˡ
˰Σүź棬ҵֵжʱȷ³ޣһȥҾҵֵܣȥźӡһȥˣƽϺòã
˵ֳȥɲɣЩͷﶼۣһƵˣҵôԼźӵǿɾͿˣɲɡ
ҪǲɣҲɵҲǲֵģѵͲźӵôǾţһֵܣҪ˰ֵô
ǾͿ˭ˣҪֵҾûԼȥܾܲȵźȱôԶźӻֺܼܳһʱ䣬ǧǼֲôˣҵҪǵ˭ż
үҭֱۣҧҲ޿κΡ
Ͱ̬ȣͿү᲻ǧѩػȻչˣֺܼܳһʱ䣬ǧضȴǵȲ̫ʱġ
˰Σүҧ˾ģ壬󣡡


965 
Դȱµĵطǲ˭еǻۼͳͳߣֻܹƽ⡣
үԼһ飬һ飬ʼԴĿռڵˡ
ɶǣүƴƴǱ߻͹ľüλ嶼Ҫ༥үֹˡ
Ƶʮռڵ㣬үʾϢһ£Դÿռڵ㶼ҪķѲٵܲΪͰԼ
ιιιûİǧ춼Ҫˣǻ˼ϢϿ˴ǧпΣաǻû֮ꣿҪҴǧλãӦ϶ĺҪ
ķͻ嶸Ȼɫ䡣
үɨ˶һۣʲô󲻹ǺôʱΪ˵ķʲôԹһж˵
˿үĻѹסԼŭ𣬱Ŀ񣬻ָԼܣΪһͶ׼
ੲݣүǲǡϢƬ̣үٴκռڵ㣬ȵʮʱֽ
һأȵϢʱʧһ㣬Ҳੲˡ
屾۾һֲ۾Ҹү˵ȴ٣ô£ôˣ
۾˵ǰһҲûʲôһˣⷴǸ񲻶ġ
һôܹùүĶĿ
үеͷ˼ֵʱֵʱǻûϢˣĽƻ֮ͨɧŷԸǣֻҪеͲ⡣
ͷϢΧĳ棬
ô˵үһʱ䣬ֿʼ󣬵ٴϢʱȴ͵شڵĿռڵڳǧӳʮɹ
֮սת굽ԼĿռڵ㡣
үͻأŪһ׷ʲôۿʮɹϮǧ죬үڷɹ֮ǰǧ塣
䡭
ʮըڿүЩɹȻûүʲô˺ǱǿүҲܲ˵ġ
̫ˣһûս֣ʲôú͵ϮǣҲͷԣС˵о
ǲм˹شСоԸһȺ˼źֵˣǲȡСоģ֪ɣҵĶҩѾҳˣȻôùˣԼкܶණâ֮Ǽģôòźأ
үɫʱޱɧţȻٱֳĬԼЩĵٳ䲻͵ϮȻ͸в
һϵежÿүʱͷޱȡҪչǧ죬Ҫ󣬻ҪԤ͵ϮӼֱûˣ
Σү޺˵ǰ˷ֿ壬տǧ죬Һеһٶ㲻ҪС˿ӡ
׵֮󣬿үĵϢϢ󡣿ֲˣڡ
Խǲ֣үԽҪǿ䱸˶еলľԱζˡ
Ȼүһռڵ󣬷ΧʲôûˣΧľ´䣬ûоԴ֮ǰӡ
үɣˣСӲ˵һ˸ĿռڵôǻĿûͰ˵ǰһЩԽܡ
үһ˼ˣɫ΢΢˵ʲôһ˸ƭˣӦǰʮһСӺأСӿ϶ƺˣר־ʱڴһ򿪵˲Ͼˣ
԰ӦܹôԼʣǹؼеĹؼ
˭үһ⻰ͺݺݰ˻һ˵⻹ôǳ󷨴ʦһǳ֮ϲ󷨣ǲŻῴ
һ˵үǡ
ү˼ڸӲ򣬲ֶǲˣѡȴ߾ǲһս
Ҵǧ飬壬ȥסҪʱ򣬿ʹռֶΡ
үҲǻˣ۷һĿ⡣ǱҪסģҪˣȲ˵֮ܲץ֮˵ӾͻᱻǸɾˡ
Ҳǣǿĸ˰ԸһУ˳Цǿ϶ˡ
ؿû˳ӵүɵүᵣ̫ΰɣ
Ҫ£һжµһḺģȥӦûʲôѶȡ
˵꣬үֽǧȥ飬תѩĸӵĵطݺһƻ
ء
·ƽعһ쫷һ㣬Ʒ֮Ƥ緭󷨻ʯҲ˿С
Ȼ󷨻ʯʱ򣬻忴׼ߡ
ΪҵֵܣˣôãܵôǲϳҲѷɳǵġ
ȷʵһ£Ϊ󣬿ү˼Ȼôһ󣬿϶Ҫһ˼ǧ죬ûʱԼ鷳ġ
û뵽ԷȻǹˡ
Ҫѩػߣɲһ׵飬Ϊү˿ɾڸԼĻҲˣڿзУү˶Ͽɲ顣
Ű취Ȼˣ
һ˹Ц壬ǲǿүˣҪȻôԼⲻĽôǵ˵ôϵܽʵַϵʸУǷǳ˷Ӵ
ˣʶھԴбһ٣˵ǧôңȴЩֲ
үԶռֶεĻɫ͵ȻˣҲ˵ǳʱúˡڣ³ɺޣǸ˽ʱˣ
ǺãҾ³ɺ޵˵ʲôˮƽ
˵ţһΣ˻壬һȭŻմȥ
ʾһȭݺݸһȭһ죬屻ʮֻ
Ȼ׻ָˣ廹е㺧ȻӰ֮еĶˣҲͽ̾κΣȻܹⶾôͻָˣ
һ΢΢˵ߣС˼ˡ壬ΪҲ֪үסңȻٻٸԲԣûǸ֮ǰܾܿˡ
ˮӴָקͨԵ
ͷһҧҪɱңûҲô򵥵飿
еɫǾĿԴɡ
ˢˢˢˢ
˫յݺ£ĵ貵ĵâѻе·סһͨԵƵŰ׵ĵ˸ҫ۵Ĺâֱնȥ
岻ɵõһΪԸоǵâǵ飬ǰƸǿˣѵͨԵˣ


966 ŭ
һ˲䣬Ѿնǰ岻Ҵ⣬Ͻˡ
âѾȫҪܣΨкһ·
˵ٶٿ죬ҲǱȲϵǰٶȡۼѾţ΢΢һŵһơ
飡
ӿѻɳȥʮԶɻӲǽŵԼɵڰһ䵽˵档ʱѾ˵âƵԼζܵĹ
ò˵һ˲Ľˣչʾ˷ḻʵսá
ã壬Ȼñ£Ը㻹ܽҵĽ
ٿصı˷򣬵ڿնΧŻλǰλñϡ
ˢˢˢ
ͨԵһһһһ졣Ϊеƣʱʱ͵Ϯһ£ֻҧĹ
ֹУûκεıؿԡ
õסѾƵƵĵز
Ǵˣ֪ʱϳ˶ԼζʲôǷ˺Ҫſү֮ǰɵ壬ƴҪϵү
սԸоеͨԵȴǰ岻ӲͨԵĹ
˼ɣķηηţ׼˻ᣬһ߷ڵء
壬ǿүڸϵҲҪˡͨԵڿлһĻߣޱնȥ
Ĳٿ£ס˻Ų·ߣۼ޿ˣ޿ɶ㡣
ʱ¶˹Ц⡣Լǰһץ湻ݵģƤ⣬ԼԼؿڴץаѪ⣡
Ѫӿ
ڱӿѪУһ貵ĽⱬըҫŽУһӿѪзɳ
һһѵ鵯ԶһݺײµͨԵ
һ죬͸оͨԵϴһɽһľ޴󷴵
ŵŵŵš
ȻʮԶ
ҡҡλδӵ˿ؿڱӿѪЦΪɱôһ֮ˣΪ׾ͱɵôֻҪԸ⣬ɵҲǷַӵ顣
ȻޱȣͻȻ뵽ǧʹâɵþ
ֹͣ˿ЦֳһĨɫǳھԴʱҪпռڵڻ㣬ͱǧâˣҲˡϧԴĿռڵ㵲סâĴ󲿷ˡ
ⲻǼٻâµģȷԣûпռڵڻ治֪ᷢʲôĽ
Ǳâɨһ£ȫʹðʹϾǸʱҪүľ͹ˡ
˵ô֣ôְˣҺǵã㶯óǱֹ鰡ھԴУдڵ޴֪ʹóġҪʹóĻٺ١
ˣɵüͷһ塣ոջûֱӷӿүѯһ£Ϊԭ
Ȼ˵˵û´Ļ϶һĳܵвҪүʹðɣҪȻǧ컹˿үʹâ壬ʹóô
Գ鴤һ£²ȫȷʹóǿΥЭﰡǵʹҪҼҲҪΪ˸൱Ĵۡ
ҪȻôõĶ˭óû֣öִͷ֮ݵʱó
пүҲòһ¡
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˵ţͰѵջأͨԵҲŻ˴ָתͷҡѩػȥ
ԶҲ֪Լȥûʲôáֻ۾Ҫɳˡ
ܲôˣ
ţ㻹һŭɣ
ƱţʵҲǲͣġȻҰѳʹ֤ʹõȨ
ȻĹһʲô򲻹ģһֽģ
Сİн䱸ŭƶٶȻޱ𺳡ڻٿŭ𹥻һ˲䣬͸оһ⵽ǰǶ̶죬ֱ沿Ϯ
æһյǶ˽Ĺǿ˫һ࣬ȴǺݺɨӡ
͸оմһʹɨλ÷·𵶸һҲǱһɽɨһ㣬ʱɳһ˳ȥ
ˣ
ɳԶˤ䵽ϣ
ÿֲĳ
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ͣ
Ȼ޶දֱӴ͸˴ǸݺʹƳĴȻһ֮͸ˣ
Ҳû״Ͼӻһ½нٶȡʯһ˲䣬ӵ汩𣬶Žĳһȭ
䣡
͸оԼİӶˣһɾ޴ķȥ˳ʮɲסΡٿ²Ըıһ·еķ
ôôǿɫЩѿˣʱܽȣÿһӣΣա
Ҳн죡ǲҪôǲرζּⷴĿôôˣô㱻һⳡ棬ϲ
Ͼ˼䳰ȷӴָͳ˿Щ˿ǰ涼ǰâ̵֮ģһ֣ʮâ̵֮˿ӲͬĽǶɹȥ
Ȼậ֮ڽӴʱ򣬾Ȼһܹậ֮ȻڽǰʧЧˣ
˫裬һ˿ڰŤ໥γһ˿Щ˿γɵɸƵĴͬʸΪͲ˵Ϊ໥ûӣһײϷα䣬һʱ侹Ȼ޷˿
Ҳû׼˿סӽһʱöԻʹɱ֡
ۼһʱ޷קͨԵҪԻɱ֡

ȻҪתԸʱ򣬻һЦ췢һŭ
˿ƸŵĽȻ˫⣬Щ˿ڽ£Ȼֲͬһգۻһ̡
Դһڣб͵
ʶӵһһ죬ٴθо˱âĸоʱʹޱȣ̱
ʱ򣬻ǵȻôҺʧӴ


967 Ѫ
ûвٿؽԼǰһźݺݰס
ýŲ̤ͣ¶˼Ϊ˷ܵı顣
㲻ǺҪô˵ҵĸоˬôڱҲڽŵµĸоôû뵽㻹һɣ
ʵûжʹУǿʹڻֲ̤û̫ʹо
ϣ˵ǲɽܵġĽ⹥ʵ̫ˣŬָԼ壬ȴʼհѲ˻ʹøо
ܷŭúǲǣоޱʹ죬ھԴУĸоڿ޽Ƶķйˣ
㻹˵ҵĸоܹ񫣬ҴͬĹ񫣬ͬˬ㿴źӾǵƤʹŹ㣬һô˿ֵ鰡
һϣ˫ȭһͷϡ
һȭȭޱǿ壬Ҳѣεĸо
ſҸףػᣬҪѩվⶼͽ͵ģүѩĸµҩǽģôǺôġ
Ͷ죡ֻõ˿ųҪ㸸һԱᣡѩ˵仰ҧ촽ҪþҵʹɢԼɷʱޱʹ
ػĸ׵Ļᣬ۾ס˶ԸʩŰĻ塣аģһҪǿֻ㹻ǿܹ˲ܵ˺ܹиʵҲԲøΣ֮С
ϧվ̫ˣʵĲһжֻ
쿴źѾΪˡô˵һĻ޸пģ㣬ţĺӣˣͬһ·Ǿһµ
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֮£ʹŹطʹͲڻ£ʲôģҲˡҪľǷŭķøԼͼ˵ĶָӦĴۣ
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ĺˮ£ɲΪʹģΪŬ֮ͽ޹ġ
ڲϵţٺЦָ尡뷨ɣԴһأѵ㻹ػؽңеĽ⣬ɲͨüΪԹߵ˵Թŭ֮ںϵƶɵģܹܵ˵ġ
Ĩһ˿м飬ûջѣ˫һ֣ݺڵϣǼȥݺݲ̤
ǰɣ㵹ǻְǵâôں˽һĸַâƶɵĳҵĽĽ⣬ŭ⣬ܹͬߵȫ̱ŭ⣬Զûзˣ
ڻ巢йһĲ̤£һû뵽Ӳĵ֮¡Ҫʹ䣬ȴڵҲ޷ԼʶЧϵˡ
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İͷ˵£˻⻰ǿİͷ̧Żᶨ³֣Σ
ֻģǻһһ˿˿ѪȴޱȼᶨŻ壬о顣
屩ŭޱȣҲ֪ôȥǾƲġ
䣬תͷѩĸӣ˼ƽϡ
ٺٺ٣ĹͷǹӲˣźûôӲĹͷأЦţһתͷЦһѩػ͡
壬ȥԸ棬ѵԼݣб³αҪҵźӣŭѣֻҪվ¡
Ҳµ鰡һΪ¼ûܹ㺦µĶءǵôҵôǵͷһͼɥǧôû뵽Ӧô͵˰ɣҰȻٺٺ١
岻İתѩػ͡
㲻ҪǶһʲôǾҲҪйȥѩȻ۾ðһ㶢Ż˵
ԣףؼҵжǾԲ˵ͷġؼҵǣֻվûйġػҲһȻָ֧ס
帧ƴЦððôȻļͥϷʳŲҲҲǸ֣һ˰ãźӷˣôѡˡһģɱţɱӡ

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崦ڼ˲ܿƵ£ǿҵʹ̼ԼĻ壬ЧֶΡ㣬˺ԶûеʹǸϡ
ˣ
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ݺһҧͷҵʹѸٴȫʹٴκݺĻԼ̫Ѩ
ǣ
⵽׻һ㣬￪ʼӿŲ궯

˫ּɱһݺĻԼ̫Ѩһһ׻һĸо²Ҵܡ
ߣһСͻأգʧϻԼߵĿԽԽȻγһ磡
ʧɫ⣬ôܣŭ⣬ôܵⲻģ
һ˫۾͵ص˻塣忴˵һ׵̶һе̺ޱŭûоһԴĲ
ŭ⣡岻׽ŪΣյϷˣϿɵһжɣ
˫ĿȻ˼㣬ĿĽ⣬ųŭ
һ죬۵һѪڵӿſĲֿƲסĸо
䣬ӦýͨȫͷųܹԼǿһΣȻͷųȥ
һأԺģһְıڲϻڣҪڱ
һ˲䣬ԺкȻһƬƳ˿˿ѪһŤ壬Ѫ˿ʱƮڿУڰŪһѪ꣡
ѪĿըһ˳ұ˳ȭͷĿЮѪ꣬ſɽѵһʵ˳ȥ
Ѫ꣬γһ˶ľͷͷͺƾµľҪսȨһ㡣


968 ˮת
ӭͷͷľһһϣ˽ȥͼͷҵĲŰ׵ͷ˽⣬ƺɵĽҪһ㡣
ء
ͷ˵ͳƳĺУݺһĵ޵Ľʧ
ͷһֱײ˽Ʊ
󺧣ôҲû뵽ŭᱻͷɡۼͷײȥٿؽܿȴǰӰһޱ龲Լǰ
ʱ򣬻ﻹܹ˵Ͻһӳһȭϣܹóٿؽܿͷ
ɻˣʱѾȫָ˶Ŀƣһȭ̧ס
ʹȫҪѣȴԼͬѺһ㣬޷ǿ֡
ʲôϷŸոտʼ˵Խı顣
ʱоԼ亹磬亹Ѿ㼯ɹʡ
һ춯صΧĿռ䶼žҵҡҡλΡʶ򷢳ĵطȥ
ʹѪγɵľ޴ͷѾ˰ŭңһƬڿɢ
ҵŭ۵òᣬŭɲһĶǿǱĳ
ھȻѪգۼɱˣֱ͸Ҫ˻һ
ߺߣ壬ЩϾ֮㻹ǺúõһԼĴɡǷˮתոջôһڣֵˡ˵Ҫúõʰһ»塣
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壬㲻ݺݵĥһôڣҾǰڣҲҿҵ۾˵ĺݻ˵һ飿
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΢΢һ£Ȼɫ⣬ô£ˣһͶֽǲǣ
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⣡ҪûôףˣǵϾͻϵֻҪһСܹȵԮʱȫʩչҪף˭һأ廹ֻҪһ˿ϣͲܷĻᡣ
壬㻹氡ΪҸѿൢʱΪԼĿô֪ʵҲ֪ԼＸ˵ס㣬Ż㣬û뵽㻹ˣ
һʣŻһʲô壿ʲôֶΣʱ޷ɱҵģôʲôֶΣʹˡ
һЦ˵ΪһһȭŽޣǲôͼġ˵ǷɢעʵϣҰѴ󲿷ֵʶǱ뵽ʶһЩ˼ϢңһصҪǵҸӴ
һӲٶʵ㣬Ҿʲô
شģһȭ
һȭ򵽻ؿڻѪĵطǻڵĵط嶼عǴһعǶѵ
ЦͬӦˣͷųŭղû˶ҪͬĻӦþ첻ԣܷʲô飬ͣȣôǸ˾˲ѲĽɫأھȱû
䣬ԶԶʻ壬ôˣղŷʲôˣŭôˣ
Ҫʾȴһסͣû巢κε
գۼ䣬һӰƮ˹Ѿ˽ǰ
Ц˫־壬ݺݹ
ʶǻ壬˫ӭӻ塣˵һס˻壬ȴЯľ޴ĳײýʮ
壬㣬û°ɣҲˣϽʵ
һУŭСӸˣүأүôû
ʲôŭȻˣӿһְۣ۾ת˻ϣ壬оôûܵرҵĴ
ҡҡͷûУһƤ˶ѣֻÿԸң֪ʲôֽš
ˣЩΪѣ˺Ҫʶ뵽ʶй۲죬ߣһʱ䣬֪Ǻá
֪Ѵֵ㲻عңֻҪסүһûܡŭҲùֻҪȵүСӻܲˡ
Ļ壬οǧ޴ˣүڸǧƣֻҪٹһյʱ䣬үǧͻȼһ£ȥ
ʱ״ϣֹۡ
ͱŭˣʹѪ޴ʽʱ弫Ϊźܶ޷С
ڣҪľǻָʱ䣡
ؿһ
ʱ·ˣΧеһУûУֻʣǰ
Ӵָק˼˿˿ǰ˵ĶƤ̲ס˼¡
ậ֮
ⶫµӡʵ̫ˣ뵽̲֮סѽһ¡
ӦǱȽģھԷƴʱûˡոڼ֮ʹѪǿҵĺֿ֢ʼʹŭ˺˵ܰƽܰƽġ
ˣûѡϵĶײѡһβƣĲչİ취
ĿĺԣǲòļɰסȺүĵ
Ҳڸոճͻ˵Ĺ͵͵˼ŲĵҩҪʱЩҩѵҩתԼлϵһ
˵Ĺ˵ս˵һ㵽ֹʵս
Ϊʱ䣬Ϊָ˵̬սУ˭Ҳƴǳֹ㹥ҷ


969 ֮
սһûһ˲ĽѹȸУȴźǿĹԡ
磬һδκХŹԲӦ䣬˫ֳậ֮Ƕķݳ֪â֮ж鷳ҲײڻûӴʱϾͳˣٹ
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֪һ־ʮּǿĺӣԼ˸˶սʱԼʹ࣬ŵԼˡ
ڻȻֻ˵ܵԼ޷ܵļʹࡣΪλʹأѵ˵֮ǰõģ
ɫһ䣬æˣҪ֮󿴿塣ղŻεӰһеâ֮Ҳ˳
ţһ߳â֮ͬһ
ɲʵԵậ̵֮ȴǲСʱ˺Хƿòƣڶâ̡֮
ȴûŹȥâ֮˿ӵģһ˿ӵâ̹֮һ䣬׷
ı·ߣȴ˿Ƶâ̱֮ƵλԽԽԶ֮£ɵХ
ôҪٻͬﰡ罵֮ˣԸһ˻ȥǺûӵġ̼ȴǼӽ˹ܲܵȿүٷɡ
ûʱ䳰ȷޱȹл壬ʵ壬ôˣһ£үϾ͹ˡ
үǹҲ޷ıˣ㻹ΪԼİɣѱʱıˣ
˵ţæ͵У˫ֱӶʮɹ˻塣
䡭
ڵԴ岻ŤĻʮɹһȫڻϱը
ʵЩɹƺƴ󣬿ɶڻ˺Ǻܴ󡣿ͲôˣңΪ屻ըòء
ôһ޻֣֮㲻ʧԼô
ӽЩڸղţڵµν˴ɷҪԺսĸ֣νôôҲǰõϵֶõϰˡ˵ҿԣ˵ңûʸ񣡡
ŭˣֱӳɤӺҽ
㲡Ҫ˭ôࣿ
Ȼϼӿ趯˿ȣâ֮׷ٶԽԽ죬Ӧе㵨սľ

Ȼһŭͬһһӽһȭӳݺݻ沿
ֻâ֮ߣȭ·Ϯ޴ɶ㣬ֻøӲӲһȭ
˺Ȼֿ͸оԼѪӿһû
˿ү֮⣬ᣬͷȻѿ㣬ʵȴһûҪлл㣬ղܵСشҿһζҳ˵㵤ҩһָ߰˰ˣڣǲҪúûһˣ
˵ţ˫һקâ֮קУЦ
ҲûʲôúڵģΪҲ֪ƾԼʵǸƴʵԼҲܸɵүϲߡ
Ҫ𹥻ǷЩȻˡ
ƵŭǲǺгɾ͸аȻôõı£Ǿҵ֮Ȱɡ
˵ţȻԼ۾ɴĲϵɴ۾ĹУ۾ͺҪۿһ㡣ۿԽԽڸ֮˷϶
ڷ϶Уһɹɫ建ڰᣬһᣬһСɫڿһɫԲ
۾Ҳһ˲ָûмڴ߶ɫ壬ǿԳЦ
ߣ֮ȣܹھһеĳɣɫ䣬˵
ʲô㣬ô֪֮ȵģ˵֮ȵɵþޱȡ
ڻԺļпġ֮ȣҪ˵âŭ⻹Ҫ죬ֻҪӴټӲҲữΪУݻṩϣӦʮƵŵθҺᴿɵģһнжڵõβʣԲԣ
Ǻݺݳ鴤һ£һжֻҪöԷ֪˵ϸͻۿۣôѵ
㲻Ҫˣ֪֮ȵʲôãѵа취Ըô
⻰һӾ©ӣɫڲ̽Էʻ
ٺٺ٣鰡Ȼܹ֮ھ֮Ϊʲôܹأǧıǰλʵķλãȷ㴥ܹҪطΪʲô֮Ȼأ
ĪЦûˣҧ˵Ҳ֪֮ȵľ֪Щôأ
Ȼܹ֮ȣ˵֮ȻʲôܹƵĶȻ֮ȵ£Ҳͻˡһ㣬ǧĳóãȴٳûйңΪ㲻룬бԭ԰ɣ
үЦͼӰߣ㹻Ҳı䲻ʲôˣ֮űâŭǿҲ㣬룬ǲ֪ˡ
ŶүôܹɵңĿ⼯е˿үϣû뵽үô͵һӿ鷳ˡ
һүһ˵˷ٵ磬ǻû뵽ôĲۡҿӢǴ˲ٵ籦ҲòϣǰǶ档죬һжɣ
ƾ㣿еˣټʹõˣ㲻ǿЦɣƲƲ˵
үһЦϵ˵ҾԲƭ㣬ȷʵ֮ǰһϵжˡԴˣҾѴ̣ڶ̬ȣһҪȫڽˡ
һе㲻ţѾǲбܽˣȻģԽ䱸ȴ¶Ĳŵɫ
ߣһӰɡöôѾˣתˣǾǰ׳ҲӦ֪Լˡүıֱʹ
Ҳ˼ֱ飬ɫ˵үô˵ɱҾ͵õɻѵôթܰŪˣ
ȻǣүɭȻЦͣǧϣһ򶾹裬ϽеһⶾʥҩȻѾôѪԾµѪɡ
ͷ򶾹裿˵еһζǾ޴ѰٰȻǴֱʣ⻹ԶԸҰɣ
ǵȻϻЉ嵤ֵҩ֪û˵үϣ¶˵Цݡ
ֻҪ嵤һûʲôɵģ鶼㲻ãҲʥҩˡ


970 
ˣɵʱˡ
嵤½һĴڣŷжɵϸأֵҩҲȷ
嵤˼壬ǶԷߵʶһֲǿ˼
ոżļأȽ׼ȷǣֵҩ÷ߵʶʱԭ屶ǿ̶ȣҲԭʮ
Ϊ֮ڣ嵤ûκεĸãЩڶʱڿߵʶǿȵͬ൤ҩͬնΪձĹ۵Ϊʶ壬ǿȵӶѭ򽥽ģٶȵıǣǿĸá
ɉ嵤ȴûãԭ򣬉嵤ҩԭǽãʶǿȡ
ĽãԴډ嵤һζҩģֻͬ֡ͬһţųͬ٣⣬糬Ϊ˵磬ҲûжܹһͬʵĿ
嵤ΪҪҩģõͬ޾೤ƾɵǿʶͼ᲻ɴݵǿϢڷ֮󣬽ֵͬϢ԰Լʶ˲һֲľأԼܵκεˡ
ҲΪҪһζҩĸ޴Ѱ٣ԉ嵤һֱΪֻ۲ϵĵҩܹƳģӦǽһĴ˵
û뵽ֶȻڿүⶫҪıү˷ãʵ˲䱩ǣֲÿүƶġ
ȣ컹׶༪ˡүȻ㶼Ѿˣǻʲôɡ˵ȻעҪ飬ǾûбҪˡ
֮ջذɣʹγ治ýҲ˲ʲôˣܹҪģѸԵĉ嵤°ɣһиýˡ
˵ţүȴӴָͳһлƶСĵҩһ¡
ջ֮ȣҲǧˉ嵤̼䣬͸о˵η·˲ߴ࣬һȻƣ˵﷢
ǧɫԲ԰ףµĶжҩĴͣ򶾹ⶾЉ嵤ҩǧɵʵ𺦣ȴܹĨġ
ڿүУûбǧӳˡ
ͣᵽʲôʴˡָоҿ̹ģҲھҪֻϵʹ࣡
ಣ
ǧ컰һ䣬һһ
Ե͹
ǧԹָŵòץסᣬȻǲŹ޷ɵҲҪúõĶĶԷһ
ֻǸǰģɧģǺпȻĿү
֪ԼһƱػԼƶеչǧĺ£үһҵһǡĻԼһ
ûжӭżٱǧһȭӭȥ
ۣ
͵ľײһǧ˳ȥʮ˺ڱϣռһЩˣʵϣȴд󺧡
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뵽˰֮ϣקͨԵͬʱҲһѷɹ

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үû۾ת
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Цǧ죬˵ûʲôҾÿѻɿܣû뵽һ־ǿŪ⸱ӡ


971 Ǹ
ʲôүˣûϸƴ
ڿ쳣ΣүʱȥƽϣȻҪ
үϽ˼ʶǿȵĵҩһ΢΢תֽմȻûиı䡣
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⻰үŻȻ򣬹ֲԼ˷嵤û̫ľţԭ·ء
ǲԼ˵ȥƴͷŲͬİΣⰡ
ү޺޿һȴòعͷͷųԼʶһǱ뵽ʶϸļ顣
ֵǣʶûܵر˺ڿүʶ̽£岢ûʲôⰡλ˻вѰ춯ʶûʲôë
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үͷε״̬УڻָͻȻһ£ﻹӲӣ
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һǱŻĲȥģү˺һײɣ˵ķҲ΢΢򣬻λһֱбλãͨԵһĿӣ˿ڼعǺص߹ȫնϣอȫ¶˳
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ү໥ȫǱѬǵĵùӣеĸоҵǣ屻˾֮£Ǳסһ
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󾪣ΧѡһʮεƧѴ򿪣ѩӴ߳δ˵һ̱ڵء
ϽػʹӴһֱѩһֱػͣһͨĵطż顣
Ľʮ־ȣΪѩػͲʮֿǣʶҲܵشһ
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ǵãոռѩĸӵʱʱǵ˵ҩƣΪʵѹƣڣֳ֢״ѹΪʵĵҩ
˼ʱѩػ˰׾ϣֳһڵɫ󾪣Ͻ˵ͫףڶͫ±ߵ۰λãһССĺɫ״ĺڰߡ
Ǹ꣡
֢״ʲôġ
Ǹ꣬һּΪԶҩⶫ޶޳ǶҩʦҲ޴ӷֱֶҩǸصڷ߲¸ͱֲκε֢״
һ߾˿ٵƶǾҵ˶ֶҩͻ̼䷢
֮ڻὫߵĹʶȫʴίʵԵޱȣ


972 Ϳ̿ʥ
Ǹ֪꣬ҲͽЩ˵ƽⶾҩķǶҩе˵
˰죬һһܹƽİ취

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ʦڽⶾ棬δܹȵϱ뵽ӴָóһС͵ķѩػͶװȥ˷ȥ
ĵķ򣬿ֱɡΪүڿһѰԼɣŪһͷү̽ķΧڡ
ǵЩݷ˼Ȼתͷķɡ
ֽܹʮҵСͷרΪͶʹõġٶ죬Ȳķٶȣһ綥ֵķٶҪöࡣ
ԼʮʱٿصСͷͽ뵽˱ƵˡΪļûŽٶȣǸǰС
ϺȻ˹⣬Щⲻͣ˸ţ֪˹Ħؾ˴ߣڽо档
һ׵̣ǺϤģΪЩ̵ƶߣԼٷУµķڻͻῪˡ
ĹأӦüٶȣ͸߶ȣȻ䣬ȴ˹Ħؾʡ
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뵽͵ذθ˷ĸ߶ȣͬʱѷٶȿ죬Ҫ̵ʱڸϵ
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ҧأٿСͷŹܣһڵؿ£
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͸ǰһļһﵲ˷ǰ·ϡһ￴ʮ£߰˳ߣ̬ȳƣĿǣɳڿƮһ
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ȭ˷ǰΣֵ磬Ұˡ
ҲôôˣеݰҪôԼУҪôķСһķֵݲ̲סָֻš
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ֵܣ㲻֪ǸطȥҲһΣǰмʮΰɣÿһζ飬룬Ǹطжֲ
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ȣˡͿ̿ʥصޣȫﺬо綾ġΪȪ۵ˮеµľ綾Ȫˮı̦޺Ҳжһ»۴ĸ޵϶о綾ƫƫܹⶾڶ޶԰Ϊڱϣе޶Ǹ߶ͳһģȡ
ˣȲ˵Ϳ̿ʥصжͬЭһϣͷޱȡչ㣬Ϳ̿ʥصǿֲģҲֲ˺ôʮ飬Ҳġ
һ£˵磬ôҶҪһ¡Ұ˺Ȯӷŵæտһ£˰󸣬ⶾ
Цֵܣʲô飬ȻǴֵܰô꣬ǸͿ̿ʥһֱл֮ȥӰ˵ʲôϸҪһˡ㿴ֱӴŵúʹֶܹһʱⶾôǿɵ˰
ǵǣձ˵Ǳ߾ԲöԸʵֻ̫һһֻϣ˳һ㡣


973 ѩB
˵űԳ˱壬Ϊɵľѩػӵϣʾ
ȥѾҲ磬ӿ˱ıϡھѩػͲҪ飬˿ɾһӵĻںˡ
Сзɳڿնֱķȥ
еٶȣ𿴱;޴󣬸ǲضõġľ룬ʮʱ͵ˡ
ڷѩӵĻȻǰһƬããԲа裬ʶҲãȻ֪
Ťͷֵܣطˣ㿴ֶΡ
˵ţããһ磬һӱĿмں˲ƬƬѩƮ£УʱһȴＸʮɵ͸׶
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ĭҷɣţƬ̵ʱ䣬ְ͸סˣٴɨЩ
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һŤ壬ܿ˱Bҧβһ˦ݺɨ˱B
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BɲսǸBݣ෴ģB˼֮һ㣬ͱȱǿһ㡣
ߣҲϻﲻӭ㣬ϽҶԶ㣬Ȼ㻹ǻߵġѾǳˣ㲻᲻ϧԼӰɣ
ŭӣΪӣԽҲŻһǰǵ࣬˫ȭѵ֣죬ûֵˣӦúúˣ
ап࣬е²࣡
BӣҲߵǲͶԷ˰
ȴBȺ֣ϾѩĸӽⶾǲҪ顣
ѾᰴԤ뷢ˣ˱ĽBһ֣һǧѩBһӰѱΧģBһеıBһѷ
ҲգβһɨʱıBɨʮԶǰһ壬űBһڻ档
BٺЦ˫צǰһ飬һӨıǽǰĻײ˱ǽһ죬ǽɢɣɱĻҲɢɵıǽƬɢˡ
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֪ЩBצжԥϳҪա
Bһŭһܣȷɵ˱ͷϣűͷݺһ


974 ɽB
ڵĴǳΣҪֱĻƱҪײϱBػӱBһͷȻܹܵһҲᱻBһ䡣
ҪȥĿͷͼ󣬱BĸǷΧҲ㣬ǾԲһġ
Ĳ汻һϣײһʹ졣
뵽һͷݺײBצͬʱҲԼצȥűBĶӾһ¡
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һӴ֮£BԿˣû˼ǱԡB۾˲죬ӴڰУB˫צȦתããգۼڱBצлһ

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еСĵ㣬Щţбġһմϣͻ壬ʱʱ̴̿׹ѵĸоǧСģ
˱ľ棬ɲҴ⡣
Ҫ֪ޱǿĴڣԴ˼ɵѣ֪Ǳж
ӽָͳ˼Ŵһ֣ѴıһŴڿչЩȫڡ
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֪ٲɱȥˣǰ˼ұBŭˣҪ˼ƴһĻ飬δ̫ԩˡ
ϾBûбֳ̫ĵ⡣
뵽˵磬뿪ҸBһ£ס˺ȮӵͰиˣǧɱǡ
˵ⷬñչ޶ʵϾñԶսŵ˵ĳ죬ûô鷳
һͷ˵û⣬ֵܣͷĵİѵúʹֶҰɡסҺúһһǳԹġ
˵꣬һ壬ɳԶԶԶ뿪ս
BѾˣۼӭԼҲЩ߬ȭͷվһȭ
ȭͷδһ쫷һľ磬źɵĺѾ档B첲ϹŵıҲڱBľ޴ȭͷɳһ͸ıУХն
йڱľ棬ӲЩקͨԵѵø糵һЩз׷׻÷顣

Bͬһ䷿ݴСȭͷҹˣͨԵűB֣ȭӭűBȭͷݺӭȥ
䣡
СʮɣɽһıBȴǱڰзһ˭óBķһȻһȥޱС࣡
BסΣ۾˼ɵɫ
࣬ΪʲôҪBʵ
˲һϲԷôʣȻвش󶯸ɸ˼
˭֪û˵Զʮ˵ǻô˿ֵȻǸҳӵġ㻹ǸϽҹģȻֵܻ趼ϲ
BȻɫڵһɵɫҲĿŭȡһBһЩϡﻩȫ˱B壬˷
ȥһŰѱȽû¾ûˣ˵תͱһ仰ϻˡ
ıУֻô񣬰ͨԵ趯ܲ͸磬һһ顣

BһűBĴΧĿռƮɢգۼͱһı裬ŲĿռȫ
ҪȥײBĴ֣ȴСеֵСģб
˱ľ棬ŷ֣ڱBλãһ˿Ű׵һûԣǸBΪһһ
һХֱϷȥӵͷϷıһһն飬˳նĿռ˰ա
Bһž죬һڡ
˲䣬һסӱBĴһֱߵĿռ䡣
ȸ¸£ߵĿռ䷢˿ֲĹռѸᣬоԼеɬĸо

һŭ˫ԲͨԵһ
ǲ
ۿű溮ҪסĿռ䷢˲ıռѸıһն飡
ʱѾûʲôˣҪǷαB޼ɵֻԽԽǱҲãʲôҪŵһߣȰѱBס˵
뵽ͨԵӴָק˿һȥűBǾһȭ
B֪ȭͷӲһƫͷ湥Ϻģͼ֮䡣
Ȼת˳űB֮䴩ȥȴȻһתűB˫ּת˼ȦB˫ֶʱļ˿ס
B󺧣ȴ˿쳣ͣBˣӲû˿
£ִӴָͳʮ˿һѱB˫ȰסһͷУһB޴ɽһȻ¡
Bӵֵ˵ĻҾ㣬
С˵־ӣе죬˵磬µģûҪͱ̼Bˡ
ţֵ˵öԡȻҾʹ˲С˹һɡBҾͷŹˣסˣӽԺҪСĵ㣬ֵܿǲġ
ޣٻļһҾҲĵģBܵ
ͳһߣҪôµǰԺٷˡ
ŭҪԱB֣Ͻ赲֮䡣
磬лú˵ûҪŪ̫ˡ
㿪ЦBﲢûж⣬˺ȮӽⶾġҸ⿪ǲҪô
B߷Ƴ˱һۣתͷͷ
ֿB֪ԩǽᶨˣȰⶼȰⲻá
B⿪˿ֵˣ³ç֮


975 ۰Ե
BôҲûаڼӣϻָĿЦ˵˵ȻұBĵ̣ҲԵһ뵽ҵĶһ𡣡
Ц˼Ϊ˺Ȯ˷ǳصǸ綾¼ܽ⣬İܽ⿪ԲŻͻšΪʱȣܵ߶ţ¡
Bԭ˵İ󸣬һĹͬߣĸܺܶ࣬ǲģһ·̣ҵĵ֮ڣûģҵĵؽ磬Ҿ͹ܲˡ
ˣʩǾͱBˡ
BһڣһʮֻСBָ·ԼĵСģĸɫ޶ѲҪǡ
˵꣬B⿴һ
ƲƲ죬˱BһۣѾԷԺˣҲ˼
ٴθл˱BСBԼ·Ϳ̿ʥصȥ
ҿСB·ȻڰããϹͲ֪Ҫ˷Ѷʱ䡣һ·֣ˣǰߣɫȻޱȵΧ¶ҲһΧһƬдеĲľ
СBͣ˵Ѿصľͷˣǰ߾Ͳǵĵˡֻ㵽ǰ·ֻԼˡ
Ӵָͳ˼ʶĵҩݸСBлл·Щҩһ룬һǸǴġҴҪʱ䣬һŰлġ
СBǧлˣƲ죬Ц磬ôˣһ˵ӡ
˵ǸСõôôֵܣʲôݣʲôݣϱĸøôĵҩǰϹЩҩ
֪߸Ϲˣ޽磬λ߸λߵ˼룬Ǹٹ̵˼룬ʲô⣬Ҳȥ
뵽˻⣬ʵ磬ǰطô֪ôߡ
ˣɵһ£ֵܵܣطаˣһشǸBͷֻʲôûţͰŪùǺ
ʲôŪùǺ磬ʲô˼Ҳף׵ô
ο˵λûûʲôһߣֵҪˣֵܣҪ׼
˵꣬ͷһŤͿ̿ʥصȥ
ף㲻˴ǺݵһģܺӣһʮҲûߡ
ȻҵĶҵĽŲڶãͿһȺ˶޷ɿӴܡ
Щޣƺܵвһ㣬˱Ҳ֪ı䷽򣬾ǷٵӴܡ
䡭
޴ʳ޳ҰУⶫ÷ǳ죬ִһֽṹԴʹ˵󣬿ɶȴǹԲ
ޣͷͬſļһʳޡֻС۾Ĺ⣬һֱߣȰڶƵʵǲ죬ɲǳֲ֮˽ŲƵʲĲ㡣
һβͣһ棬ÿһβ᲻ͣҡڣһּ˺£˸еĵޡ
һ˵ֵܣûЩСһͶ˵ޣ㿴ǿİһô۰ԵרԲɱЩСһΪʳġޣôĶҲΰ֡
˵Ż۰Ե˻ѾߵСβ͸˼һһţھͰһС̳ԵܵѪ˳۰Եǵεδ
һʮ۰ԵƺûԱȥ׷ЩСޣԼӵ
бһ۱Ц磬˵аŵطǲɱСôʲôаŵģ
ȴ쳣˵ֵܣ֪ΪʲôͿ̿ʥ˰ɣɱ¾ÿ첻֪Ҫжأʲô˵аŵԭǡ
ûȱ˵꣬۰ԵȻһͷķܹ
۰ԵƷνͱΧסĵС۾ź⣬ס
ʱԼûӣԼôĸͷȻûסͷ۰Եǿ벻̣
ûëСӣʲôǲֵܵʳ˰ɣ۾磬ôԱ˳ŵֵܵ鷳ͦģȥϴɫʰǶ۸㣡
ò˵ǰ໹Ǻܲģǳ֮󣬱˹Ħ˵ػͼڣ֮©һߵķɡ
ͷ۰Ե໥һۣӱ˴˵п˶Աļɵһ˺˼͵쳤ӴС
ͳĺǳд͸ȥԶûʱ䣬ԶʹƵĺ
ôģˣҽа֣ѵѵ治֪жˣ
˵ţǰ壬ݺһ˦׳ݺײͷ۰Եϡ
ͷ۰ԵСǰǸȻڱǰǾСһ
ಡ
ͷ۰ԵˤȥʮԶ˵ϡ
ʹͷ۰Ե˵㲻ʲôһʮǱؾܡ
ʱһ޴Ӱ˹۰ԵһתͷԱ˻
ôģϴеǲǣãϴʲôɫʰʰСӡ
ޱյȺ򣬹ʱͿһ۰ԵСļһڱǰצһָ۸ҵԱ𣿡
Сһô˵ģԱҪԵֵܣ㻹һңİҶˣӾרĶġ
ߣǾǳԱֲܳģ˭ֻҪܳԣһԵģ㳤ôСǳԲݳİɣ
ӴҸҽǺƢǰɣ͸߸㣬ǳʲôġһҪ죬Ҵˣܱ˵ƿԣû˵Զְ
˵꣬һ壬ݺײͷ۰Եͷû뵽Ȼôͷˣִ֮УԼһһʲôûУͷײɳȥʮɡ
ֻͷͬǿˣûˤڵأվסˡ


976 
ǣͷֱǱŰΪվڱǰôҲеı죬û뵽ڱĳ£ͷȻֻм֮ȫ޻֮
ô㱾£ҳСܣ֪˭ͼػ߱ҲҲ񣬾èĹҲ£ôޣҲ
ı¾һߴһڲۿŴͷԼĳˣ˷ܵٱ죬ڲϽ̸ͷĵУײצץӣѸͷĻѪ죬Ǳ
ءͷһ຿ޱƳܴ֮⡣
ԭ㲻ϴ󰡣˰컹ýа֪֡ʲôܹ㣿
һβͰѴͷɨޱȵڴͷۼͷվҽУ·۰ķĴڸԼ˳
磬۱˺òãۿб飬󲻵ðЩһҲˣҿǻ߰ɡɱɸŪޱΣҪ黹ûչһ̫ǻˡ
ֵܣ֪˼ǸúʹֶⶾôǺ˵ҲܶӢǲСӽ˰ֵ֣ҪǲᣬǶûӣģܰʲôİֵ֣ȴ֣ĸڷ۾ߣɲ
Ĳ˼ӣֻתƻ⣺磬㲻˵طаôǰЩεʲô
һ岻һ£ֵܣкü͵͵ǰһ㣬;ģ˯ڰзţл㱾žһˤ˵ϡҼãϿˣ˵аŲаţ
ˣüͷ뵽Ϳ̿ʥأ;Щ򵥣ҪǱB۰Ես͵ޣҲ£ܹñļһ˯ǿɲ׶Ը
ţһתĸͳίߣ׹һĸоűŰ֮ıҲ
һСӰɹͣǸͷ۰Եͷϡ
ȻֹҲ͵״̬лصʵĿҲе˴ͷͷϡ
СֻͨɽôСƮƮֻкڰɫǰףǺּΪ̼йٵִ䡣СԴֻмѴСΨһľ๣ʳİࡣ
עģֻ۾ͫ׼ռ򣬻ɫģϸһֹĸо
ͫuôòӦʲôޡͫuƣ޽ҲֻǸ˵еֻڼΪ¼һΣ԰½е׼УҲصļء
ꡣϢꡣܣꡣ
һĴڣ޽ĴܶûͫuǸ˵ֻܹĶɡ
ʲôˣΪʲôҪ۸ҵĲ£ͫuűʻŴ壬ֱǴŮԼʻһ
ĵ鷢ˣЦûᶼЦˣҵ۰ԵʲôĴڵϴأԭôë˵ԼʵаݸϴҲΪݸǰ
ˣһ죬ѣǸֵýļһʵ̫ˣܶԷҲԼ֮˵ץһʰ
磬£˼һûôء˵䣬вУϣȰסûҪȥǷǡ
ЦʹӶҪˣðûһȰ⣬ǿֵܣʵЦˣ۰Եļһվȥ֪ܻסˣǣȻϴ󣬷ǸģӦýƤ棬
ЦûУͫuô͸¶ɭɭĺ⡣
ӴСûˣƢͦİ椣ĸ費үٳһѴүҺˣʲôȣǸͷ̫СˣȻүңĺģò
ԽԽˣոջֻǳЦھͱ˳ĵϷˣ
ͫu˫۶Ȼ侫һţ֣ͫУ·Ļ磬΢΢ȻԼҲ֮˲
磬СģĪΣٴγ壬Ͻʾ
ಣͫuһȣ͵˱ǰļǰһݣֱӱű۾͹ˡ
Դһڣͱܿ˻ͫuһģתͷһţҪѻͫu¡
˭֪ͫu쳣ѸݣһȻֱ굽˱°͵£
Ӵ׻һ㣬һ³°;ȻͫuĳһȭͷСѪӣѪҲ湻ʢģѪֱ磡
֪쳣ϽӱϷ£龰һҪ֪壬ȻȲԼģҲǿᵽ˼̬ĵزȻͫuһ¸ĳӣͫuĹδҲ̫̬˰ɡ
۲ʱ򣬻ͫuΧűչ˷ĻأΪӣ˲ٿͷҲûͫuĳѪĿӡ
ۼԿ׷ͫuۼȥһȭuȥ
ȭЮ쫷ݺuȥ˭֪ͫuȻûж΢΢һɫĳȭһȣһ͸Ƶȭ·ϡ
쫷ȭ磬εĲƺ״ĲƿתתβƣȻȭȫ˦ת֮⣡
ȭ˿ҲݽһȭתĲϣ͸оԼ޴ĲƸǣһߣôҲ޷ݽ
ǵ򲻵ͫuԼҲƸһƷ˳ȥ
ǿķסΣŻͫuֱһжġүôǿҲδؾܹԼȭް취ͫuˡ
أءǰ˻ͫuĹɶԷʹȴñҽС
磬ôˣѸٴӴָóֹѪĵҩһ£һ飬ڱ˿ϡѪϱֹסˣɱڴСС
أأˣúݵСƤûھȻôֵܣ۵ҪһҪ籨𰡣סһŽޡ


977 ֮
űδ̫ˣΪǷǵǷǣھȻ
ͫuʵжӦ˱ץԴ̼΢΢һת壬ѺɫĳתͱһȣһɫĹĻݺͱѹ
ãһźݺݰѱ߷ɣɷľƮ˺ɫĻѹ
飡ɫĻݺڵϣʱ汻ҳһʮɷԲɵľ޴ӣ
أٴη˲ҽУֵܣҸʲô
߷ɵʱûпƣһЩǿֲһĻӲ㾪ˡ
ֵܣ㻹Ǳˣô椣ûǸϰǺˡ
ͫuߺ޵Ŀ˱һۣоеĻ罥Լǿң֪Ͻ磬˵ˣܣ
ߣһëĶȥΪ˵ôţ
ûܣǳŻͫuһŴ죬һɺͫuȥ
ͫuһУѰ׳һȣ״Ĳƺ˱ĺǰ
ǣ״ĲתٶǺҲǰֺģ״Ĳ棬˺һƵĻתһ˿ֲĶ󣬺Ȼ飡
ֵܣŰ߹Ǳ߰æҾͲˣ¼лСǻܵˣƤ˵Լ뷨ߵòҸطȥ
ڣuͷתֻŻ۾ס۾
ˣоԼĪŶԷеĻ
ⶫ̫ˣʶޱǿ󣬶ʶĿƺ˵ãֶÿʶһ棬ǳ֮û뵽ڻͫuǰԷʶӰ죬Ȼ֮
£һʶסԼȻ󻺻ͷųԼʶ˿ķȥͫu۾ӡ
ͫu˫еĻ磬ʶǿҽ룬Ȼ䱩ǣʩչʱֻҪܸԷ۾ϣ˳ŶԷ۾뵽ԷԺڲ
һΣˡʶոս뵽ͫu۾͸оԼʶǱһԼԺҲ˻ǰʹĸо
ӻͫu۾Уƺһܵһ˳ԼʶϣֱԼԺϮ
һϽ۾ʶûջأϾͷڷĹУŰͷųʶջ
ǷҪɵĹͷǺܹġۼ˿һŤŻͫuͳ˹ȥ
ڳĹУҲƴˣڣһһ棬౼Ϯͫu
Ҫ˵˵ãԼĹ֮󣬻顣
СƤºְҪǲģ㻹治֪жߵжжٰ㿾죬ë֮ܵɪ
uűһ£ֻͬʱɿʱɫĹĻ뵽ĲƵУγһתĺɫĻĺͻ棬̼䱻У춼ûʧӰ١
ҲôţӲɲסԼ壬Ȼһ˦˦һƯĻߣ棬ݺɨ˻ͫu
ͫuη壬ԱԼǧ壬һͷ³һ˹ȥ
䣬أоԼǱ׹Ӻݺһ£۵һ຿һ˻ͫu
ѽѽǿ̫ˡֵܣ㻹ðɣǧ°Լɸɲɵߣ۾Ͻ˵
һĶ֣һĶѣǷеЦãô̯ôһֵܣոԼʱ򣬱ıȴܹƵֵܣһ˵Ҳû׽еġ
Сģͫuʶһְѱ߷ɡ
أֵܣûбİ취ô֪֪һߵжۣ߳Զ˱Թ
uǰʮҵλͣеĻûôԾˡ
࣬ʶǿû뵽Ȼܹҵķ֮ӵ졣ͳһ㣬뿪ˣҲ㶷ȥˡ
һ͵һ֮ⶫ֪ġⶫɲܹĻ棬һַǳļܣܹʶһ棬̶ַ֮𳹵ձʶӶﵽɱĿġ
ʶܣ˵£ʯеĶ⼼ܡֻּܵϰǳգһпԼͱ֮ˡ
Է֮ܣͲΪ֪֪Ҳδظðգ֮Ҳ֮Ϊ˵еļܡ
û뵽ͫuȻܹôֲı¡
һ£˵ղҴЩʧˣڴʾǸȮ涾ΪⶾǳǷǣи㡣
ͫuˣ˵ԲУͿ̿ʥؾԵߣûͿ̿ʥؾͻΪͿ̿أǶԼˣκ˲ÿͿ̿ʥصĵشñŵ󸣬İɡ
һû뵽ͫuܰѻ˵ôҲģʵ֪Ϊʲô
ͫuЦҲ֪Ϳ̿ʥȫĵһȪȪˮԷʢȪеˮе¾綾ȫŰǽⶾԣűΪߡǲܳκε״ģｫٲ
һ˵¾һ¶ûжҪұ֤ȰȮӽⶾ֮Ͼ뿪һλӦıꡣ
ʲôʱôģ֮ܽ˵½¾ҲۺĴΪСƾһ仰󸣿ǿɲðա˵󸣬ǰˣǵʱ޶Ͻ߰ɣ
ͫu˵쳣ᶨûаء
Ц˵ãѻ˵̫ˡܸʲôҪһ˿ء㣬Һֵܣ˵ʲôҲҪ󸣬úʹֶĶһҪģҲûκصġ
ôͫuŤͷݺݵ˱һۣݺ˵Ҫ࣬ͷʣ¡Ȱһ䣬Ϳ̿ʥأκ鶼̤ĵطΥأ˭Ҫ


978 ʶײ
һھˣֻ۾ɵԲŭ˵㻹ëʲôôͿ̿ʥأôƹأֵܸú˵ôôʶ̧أҪǻֵܣͿ̿ʥظƽˣ
ͫuŭѺɫĳűݺһȣһأһڵķĹݺ˹ȥ
û뵽ͫuôͻȻˣæһƫȴûжɫĹ屻ݺһ¡
һ͵һǴһҴ
˱ǰԻͫuȵס֣Ҳ㶯֣Ҫ񣬵Ҫ
仰Ȼûͫuһֹͣ˶ԱĹתͷ㣬㡭ʲô˼
ٺ٣Ҳʶˣ֪һձĵһ˵ʶǿ֣͹Ͼͻ㣬̬֣ʶԽǳĴڣŻͳһȻ㲻ĳǿߡ
ͫuһźɵɫ˵㶼֪Щʲô
ͨʱĶս۲죬ҷʶֳǿᣬǿֻǽĹϵôһĳĻҲ඼֪һˡ¶صЦݣ٩٩˵
㣬ѣǲ֪ЩˡͫuѾЩҵ˼ˣǲţ֪ôࡣ
ڤ֮أ֮ţط㲻᲻ϤɣһָĪЦݿŻͫu
ô֪ҳ˵ͫuʶԼ˵©ˣҲ޷ջԼĻ
ߣҲأҼȻ֪֪Ǹط壬ǳȶڱըͱըĻתʹóĹֶΣ⻰屻ı֣ɫĹĻǹ򣬾Ǳըƣǻ
ͫuݺݶһ£ͺǿΪµĴһ
룬֮žͿ̿ʥزԶĵطɣյأ涾кǻͫuܳһ˵û೤ʱͻͷɲ֮ţǲŲΪ֪˰󸣬˵ô
ͫu˫еĻݺݵһ£ЦȻܴӼغϵս֪ôණҶòˡµĶԣҲҵֵҪ󸣬һԲУ
˫ֱأüëһ˵²ܹġҵΪȮӽⶾһҪ飬˭ʲô飬޷赲
Ϳ̿ʥԶô򵥣ңܹһôͫuأеĻҲ˲
˵ܹסʲô飬ֻҪˣʵǺܼ򵥵顣ʳõ֮Ÿ壬ʵǺܲȶģ幹ܰЧס룬ϵĺڰ֮Ĺؼ֮ɡ
Ǻǣû뵽Ϳ̿ʥؽڣȻһۿҵ㡣ˣĲǶĿƣҵķ֮𣡡
˵ţͫuеĻ缸ǱըǣУһɳȵʶ͵˫ӿ
ͫuȻֲõĸоΪԷ֪Լ֮Է˿ûж˼ǹһ˿ײ΢Ц
˵ʲôˣ֮գۼ͵ǰһЦ͵ذԼǿʶͷų
ʶǿ󣬿úһݡͫuķ֮Ȼȴͷųİʶͫuķ֮𣬾Ȼ޷ǰһ
ûõġͫuԼԿɵЦܹ֮֮ʶʶ̺ҲֻᱻһոɾǿԶģѾˣҲ㲻ˡ
ȷʵ˿̱𿴵ס˷֮𣬿ɱȵķ֮յζ治ܡٴĴʹУڣͺ˱һ㡣
ʹǲǣʶ˵ĸоϵ˺֪ҪٱһᣬӦϿĴ󳤳ߣҾͷһôͫuʹ࣬Ȱ
ߣ㻹ǰı¶ʹɣ˵˭Ҳ赲Ҹ˽ⶾȻзһ˼ҲᣬϿ֣㲻ޱȰص
ͫuеջˣȻ㲻ʶʱǾͱҲˣ룡
Żͫuһ֮߳ǣס֮ʶ˲䱻һƬ
ۿŷ֮һʰͫuȻһĿĽ⣬絯һԼ
飡ƽ͵رѣһɾ޴ʶɢͫu⧲˲оԼʶݺһ£һʱҡ֮ʧȥ˻ͫuĿƣҲ˲Ϩˡ
ѵõĿյǿűյľʹٿʶ˳Żͫu۾ӿ뵽˻ͫuԺ
ҵĿδʩչҪҪһ¿ζޱȣڻͫu˵ֱһ㡣
ͫuŬסԼʶСʶһ£ȴǻͫuʱָܹ˵ġʶɲޱȣȻҲû˲ָ
ٺЦʼͫuؼ䡣
Щ뿴ģѵҪҷôкܶĶ㲻ȴģѵҪҸɾôҪǻӦʩչҲˡ
ͫuڱˣеҷˣɾҵļ䡣仹ô
ջԼʶɫ˵ҶѾ御ˣҷһΪҲĴһҪȥҰģϣ£¶ˣҶȻһܣ
ͫuﻹһƢͷǵһˣͶԼº֡
Ц椰Ҿ˵ûֵܰڲƽô㻹ţºˣֵʰͷģʹˣղôԴҵģϽǣҲǸȵԭġ
ͫuĸҲӣϽϹ⣬˵Բ
е㿴ȥˣ˱һ˵磬ʿɱ裬ѾռϷ磬еȣˡ
ЦУȻֵô˵ˣȻƴӡιСӣûˣȶ㵽һߡ⼸ʲôƨ۰ԵҪú˵˵һ֣Ӧø䲻ôǺܶ


979 ʥ
ձԤ룬Ӧǰ⼸۰ԵеǰųһӣȻ󰤸Ľѵǰʵ̴Ž绢ԼԻŨīزʻ֮ȥһֵûķ羰ߡ
ñٺˣϽƭѱȰһߣ˵ҪľǸϽ󸣬ĶҪȷһơ
ɨˣ漰ֵܵĴ£ѡҪ飬Ǽ۰Եһ٣㵽һߡ
һѻͫuе˽ǰ
ո˵Ϳ̿ʥ֮ϵġ˰󸣬ѵбĴôҪȻ԰Ϳ̿ʥصҪ壬ֻҪûסĴڣͻỹ鷳
ͫu֪ʲô˼˽Լһλ̲ס
һͫuı֣֪ʵһλǳɵҲͼ˵һͫu𺳵ʵ
һ£ɫ˵ô£㶼Ҫ֪һ˵˵пһƽǸһҼľģ˭Ҳ޷赲ġҪ˵ҵʱҲˣѵҴļѰô
ǰļһݣͫuᶼˣ̹Ŀģ֪˵ľԲΣҲûıҪˡ
˲Ҫңʲô˵ǸڣǳأͿ̿ʥô꣬Ҳֻءҵ˽⣬пܲޣпڱĴڡ
˵ͫuֱɸг˾ֵɫ
üͷɵһ壬ͫuеڣȻܰųǿ治Ǽ򵥵ʵѹôˡ
£˵ֻҪ˵ҳŵ֤İȫܿ˰ɣ֪ʱһζĶûõģԷһϣЧá
ͫuˣƽһ㡣
ˣͿ̿ʥУλصĴҲ࣬Ǽöġһ㶼Լ¶Լ١һؼǺһܰĽⶾҲʮֿΪʥߣҺҲΪʥߡ
ɵõһͫuѾųӦǰԼ֪һж˵ˡ˵ģĶûʵʵ塣֪һƣʲôð
ʣҲûʵʵˡ뵽⣬ͫuʵҴ˵ʱ򣬲֪͸о˯һػֱӴӿеϣ֪Ϊʲôô
شˣӦʥߵĽżΪֲֶΣܹӰ쵽־涼ͱ˯ֻţСԡҪˣͿ̿ʥضʲôʣ£Ҹղųĸ裬Ǹ͵ѧġ
ؿЩˣոջͫuǳʱ׸裬ܹ˴ӱŰѸٰ⻹ǻͫu͵ѧģҪʥߣǵ
ߣС㲻˵̫ôһϵ֪ʲôطƮҲ󣬿ĶУȴĵĸоѪӿڡ
ٿͫuһ𣬻ɸһ㶶
Ȼˣβһȵ
ûǸҪ˰ɣոһҶˡ֪Ŀģ㣬ͱ󸣬ϵͿ̿ʥصҲðաϿ߰ɡ
ʲô˺ܾˣ̱ƹͷ飬Ըɵ飬ƫƫԼȥʻͫuñѾܲˬˣھȻðһ˵Լģǿ벻̣
ʲôƨʥ߰ɣޣֵӢ䣬вƽͿ̿ʥصƣŵòҳ˰ɣ͸Ҷڰ˵󻰣Ҳ治֪ߣб²ñ۷ǲı£ȻԶ㣬ϿɲմųѪ
ۡ
صģһĿֲ͸оԼĶĤǱļ̸ݺݴһһʱ̲סһ¡
ͫuֱӾſڵϣ׼ͶصƱʾ
ٿӴڿпŤڣó˺Ҳǲᡣ
ȻԷû¶棬һ֣𾪡
˰죬ǻָλȻûûεĴԲѡ
ҿɤŴ˲ôӳ̵ģӲж˿飬Բܵ˺˰ɣҪĻҾԭˡˣǲǳúܳ󰡣ԲŻ᲻ҳӴԭͬ⣬
еʱ㲻ò۳ڴںֶӵĻƣôֹۣûûΣܹܶռжƣǵ¿ܵ
˭֪ʥ߸Ͳ˺޵۵ļһõķǲǣ򣬸ʵ̫ʹˡ
ûУ֪ʵҲ֪Ϳ̿ʥؿҪͿ̿ˡҪ飬ûʱȥҶûʧأ
ʥߣղӦҵĻ¹Ȯӵʲô˲ʲô£޷赲ҵľġ㱣֤һ޶ȱ֤İȫҪ㻹ĻǾֻøøˡ
вͿ̿ʥأǾԲģΪͿ̿ʥص飬Ҳ󸣬ҲǾԲܷ飡ʥߵ쳣ϾѾǱ̬ȣв˼ˡ
ŶΪͿ̿ʥص룿ЩǣǿɣոջͫuΣյʱôҪ֪ҲǱ֤Ϳ̿ʥذҪһȣɸ˵ּ󲻷˵ҵʵȻϣ
Ҳ⻰в²ĳɷ֣Ҳĳɷ֡
ʥô᲻˼ЦҲͿ̿ʥصÿһҪΪ԰׼˭˵ǲɻرܵ顣ͫuҲ⣡ʵǿʵսһҲǲʵ
û˵ˣҲãѾŬҲͿ̿ʥرɱҵġ
˵ţͿ̿ʥصߡ
һĸЩϤΪոջͫuʱҲǳָ
ʥָ߳ûлͫuȴǱȻͫuӵ˸е꣬ƣ˾˯µĸо
ֵܣСģǰЩصĸоҲԭϲĸĹ


980 
ԽԽί񣬷·ͯʱĸҡҡоһǿҵľӿ塣ĸλǿҵϢ˼
һ£ͨԵקһģƵĲٿ£ƿֱָĳһնȥ
ֹͣˣʥ߾˵ôܹҵҵλãҿ֪ҳİڿռв۽ڱ򣬸޼Ѱģ
ջ˵飬˵ҵʶޱǿˣͫuʶĴڶʰˣټСһô
ԣҵƶУôҵ׼ȷλãʥе㲻Ļ
֪ҸԻʱҾͷ⣬ǸʱҾͿʼˡİȷʵҵʶס̨𣬸һⰲĿơ
ţıȷʵⰲһССĲˣѵҪǰô
ϻشʥߣֻ֡
ǰȻһһ˶ǵĹޡⶫͷҲֻͨţСͨƻƽɫëһţһͷ­ͷϵǣޱȵ䡣
ʥߣʵʵһԼеδҲ̫˵㡣
ʥ˵ǵһҵķͿ̿ʥص֪ôͿ̿ʥصܹʵĿģҪ
û˵ֻצסӿЦѣôҽʥߣ̥ëδδɵСϽؼ̰ɣү¿ĭܰ
ˣԼֵı㹻⣬ԼЩȡ
ʥߵûзЦ治֪ôһϵģȻһ𡣡
ôˣǲĽʺټﲻƽⰡֵܺҶˣԲΪСڶġЩԵļһһקҪ֪ɶĽ飬ɶ겻ġ
ţ磬ʵȥˣɱ֣治֪˵ʲôĻ˻͵͵ػ̹ҲȲҪȫ˵Ȼ˼һΪǾͻء
ѳζǣһǣǿֹס˱ĺ˵
ʥ˫Ŀ磬ݺݶס˱СͦקǲҲҶҵһҪܴңûģҹӭӶλ뵽Ϳ̿ʥصģȥ󸣬ô
ļˣʥǰô㳬׵ζɱ֮󣬻Ҳˡ
֪ԼＸʥߵһ׶Ҳûа˭ܸԼһ̨
Ϊ˭ұ˵һָûֵܣֵڻô֣Цб°ֵңôĻԼ̧ۣޡ
˵꣬Ȼ߷߲ƽ㵽һˡ
ûˣ˵磬ģ㿴ʥ߸ġ˵ҪǱɷˣҪȥƴ
ҧĶɵֵܣɽڣûաҪĿͷʮΪϰ˰취ٻƴó
ױɰˣű˴ָǧﶼС
ʥЩˣ˭óòᡣȻ䣬ʥߵǰ̧𣬶ŵݺһ٣һ΢ĳӵرѸӵܡ֪ᴫԶܻḲͿ̿ʥء
һ˷¡¡ıܽŲ
һɣȻôİ֣ѵͿ̿ʥصȫˣ
ʵ֤Ĳ²ȫȷʮʱޣܵģϷɵģϵǵΧסͱ
ôģĽôİְͶʥָǵϻѩĸӣûС㣬˶˲𰡣ҡβ;ƨôֵܣ
ôʥƽˣһµɨ˱һۣǾĿԴ˭
˵꣬ʥ߱˫ۣʼһҥ
ǳʼԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ֣ϵµޣǵ۾ɫ𽥼ȻѪһɫЩ޵ӿһ˲Ŀꡣ
ãЩ޿񱩣Сģ
䣬ϵµͱ˹
ҲС̫ˣȻߥЩ޿񱩸ƴҲʶˣһһŤ壬ǿȥײЩ񱩵ޡ
Ҵ⣬˿ֲĿ˹ֻҪԳٻͻᱻȺûڿ֮£Ҫ̣ǿ̫ˡ
뵽קͨԵһٿ裬ŻδӽԵĿ
һ貵ĵâųļ趯£âƬƬһĿĹţ
񱩵һѷһˣȫĽ࣬ײϱ廹Ǳıȫա
ײĵâž͸˵ˣ֫ϱۣѪ꣬âֱո
ǣ񱩵ʵֲ̫ˣ˼ټǧǰˡ
оЩ鷳ˣΪ£ıܣ޻ôҵɱ¾ŵӡΪʥߵƻЩ뵽״̬֮ĸȫӣ֮£þԵڸסʵĲȱݡ
磬ôˣıҲĻڱϵѩĸӡ
ˣôķˣֵܣ㿴ǳɣﲻҪֱֱϣҲֲסˡȻͷס˲ҪҺ󱳻еúʹֶ
üͷһŨҵɱϸֳ
磬Сĵ㣬Ҫʹǳֶˡ
ģֵܣôڶû£ܿס
ȻͨԵͣ˱ǹһվʶ׼һ䣬ʱʲôɱ¾ʲôȫǳֻдﵽĿĲҪġ
Ȼ֣ԼϴʹѪѾЩˡȫųһԵɱ¾Ȼӿеĺλá
𡪡
һ춯صĺĿзһֲʵʻһܱ߲ɢ˲ͷųŰ׵ʥâһԶźĵľһ£
𣡡ʥߴʧɫɵ˺ʮ


981 
еȫĺžڵϣһݷӼֱǼԼһ㣡
Ҳϵ˵ϣֻûЩ޶Ĥݵĳ嶯ҲʮһɤӸûͺһɽͷʱָܻо
ҿֵܣɵƯһɤӺģǸСǿˣôģ˰ôϳ壬㿴ֵһɤӾͰЩȫŪſˣˣֵܣôõı£ôʹ
һ仰еׯȫƻˡһ֮䱯˵Ļȴ뱻һڻĻȫϻˡ
²㣬࣬ڹ仰ĺ塣
磬Ժ˵ӦתʥߣͿ̿ʥصȫޣŶƼ˴˰ɣҪǰϧԼͲҪҵĵ
˵úܿ䣬Ųɵ˼ֵ䡣
ʥ߲ȻһЦû뵽ѪȻֲѪһɤӡΪôһһ𣬾ܹŵסô㣬Ҫ󸣬㻹Զء
˵ţʥ΢΢۾һ͵ϢϡһʥߵϷĺɫâɫâͣȻͣ˷ΣɫĹâɵĺ
ɺŨеһ˵ļµĸоʱͨͺǸоһ̾Լһ㡣
ܣʥͷųɺѾǼɵĸоһֳ˿־ĸоܴϣЩ޸Ͻܡ
ʥһЦЩ΢ĴڻʲôʸȥΪƷɣ
ʥĻЩû뵽ʥߵϣɫëȻƽ˼˿˿˿ߣʥ߿ȥԵùޱȡ
ܣ֪ʥ߿мΣյֶҪʹۼΧ޻ûжһɤϣֶ
е˵ֱϵֱĿģڶ޷׷ϷɵϷɣڵܵľڵܣ֮е޶׷ȥˡ
ߣһСĳӣͲֻҪлĻᣬǾʧôʥ˵
һŭ˵㲻̫αôղ㻹ڿ˵ΪͿ̿ʥصֹҡڿΪԼΪΪ٣Ȼϧôᣬ޿ˡ๼
ʥȻָ飬粵ĵȻΪͿ̿ʥصˣҪȻҲͷֻЩһȻǰͶأǾ͸ӦøӲͿ̿ʥصһȥ
ޣôĸԼˡ˿ڳ棬ôܹٵ˱أ
ΪҿǶĽ۲ƵҪȻëֵ˵˵ɣװƲë߳ŭƹˤֵܣܽĶԲ
ȿȣſڲסԼΣ磬ǸԲף˵ʥߵǾûġ
ʥ߼ֱҪֵˣ۾ȻһƺĹʣɭɭЦļһΪܲãһ˵ռͷıҲǿġһޱɡ
ͼʥߴһȪˮʳһźɫεʥΪģ˷ɢ
Ҳеˣһүǣ質ıȸղǸĻҪããôҪһֱܹôүô⣬үҾͣСУӲһݳݱ˽ͷյĽࡣ
һأûֹ֪ʥĵģµİ꣬ûΣ෴ģоԼ·𶼲ܿˣصЩڵĸо
ȻоԼһƮͺϵȫʧԼҪƮϿһ
ȻоˣͷһԼȴͣԭأ˱һ
ιιιֵܣôôаţôϵĸоֵܣǶզЩˡ
ż磬ŷһ£ҲƵ
ñ𼱣ʵԼҲе㼱ˣΪҪԼ壬ȴһҲܶ
ûðֵܣ˵ˣ붯һ¶аﶼſǻˡ
֪нת˸߳һ߿ѪţָоȴǴϵһֽ࣬·оԼҪ뱾ˣ
ʶԼڵƺʶĲϴ߶£Ҳֻ΢ػһ¡
ǣʥߵĸˣһռѵڵĺɫУһĿռѷ측˳
ʥߵЦζô˰ɣǽҪȥĵط磬ϣǹ죡
һǸѷ췺ŹĹⲨƺԼȥĳ嶯
ֵܣҼֲסˣУ㿴ô°
˱ľŤͷһһɰŻˣΪӰѾƯڿУӰڳѷķҪƮȥ
󺧣ѩػ͵ӰΪԱͲߣټ涾͵ĹǵѾ˿Ҫ뱾ʱˡٲֹȵ˱壬Ǿ൱鷳ˡ
ƴˣһŭ֮£ͷԼʶһȫ⵽Լ˺嫵ʶһڵҲơ
ࣣڵɢССĲСС£һѪ
ѪûͣĲɢѪѪһɢʥЩɫⲨȻѪ䣬һɢڰС
Ѫ
ټҪšһȥˣػӳһȭһûͷ˻ʥ߱ӿ
ûͷڼٵǰУմһѪ㣬ûûͷԵøʥͫײͷȻܶˣ
䣡Ŀռ䶼ھҵزǲʥĿռѷ죬ѪĴɨУ˲ѳһĿռƬգ۾ʧڿС
ʥߣǱѪͷУһӷգȻˤ䵽ϣ


982 
ͨͨƵ𡣳֮⣬ˤ䵽ϣѩػҲӱıϵ䡣
ǿһѣΣܹȥѩػ͵ֶ˲û쳣ķӦŷ
ӴӴֵܣźѽ磬ҲҪһ°ߺ󣬾ͺһӡ
û˵㲻֪˲ǧ仰ôģǾ˵ġ
ô˵ǹһ壬อ㻹װʲôװ¾ûһģߺʲô
ֵܣûϴɣզãҵСĸηţʹʹһ㾢أ
Ӵָóһǵĵҩݺ߷ߵҸɣǳԱ˳ŵģϿϿģһɱӣʱ
һ仯ģ֣ϵһ˵ֵܣû£ôĻû뵽顣
ο˵磬Ҫô׾͹ˣǲǸˣû¡
˵꣬ʥȥ
ʥߴʱȫȻû˸ղʥַӣѪУ¼ûһõطɫƨëõĵطòӣһƬǽ壬ĵط¶Ѫ⣬еĵط¶ɭɭ׹ǡ
м⣬شأʹֶΣһĮȻʵ
ʥߺһƫͷ˵һףʲô˵ҸոնˣĿǶûá
û˵һ˵ֵܣһ򵹵ģӢۣӢǲٴڵϵĶֵġ̱ƹĴֽɫǸɡʵԸֳ䵱ֵˡ
˵ţ壬аЦŶʥ˵룬¿ܵļһزˣôװ⣬
ʥŭĿӣְͷתһߣƺмڸ򽻵
ӴӴǵС㻹ͦиԵģ־ʥ¶Ѫĵطݺһͱ
ʥҲ湻Ӳʵģݺҧס촽Ӳûнг
ͷͦӲģãҿܹӲʲôʱ򡣡˵ţרżʥ¶Ѫͷĵطץ伫
ڣʥ̲סˣʼȴǾԲģҲش⡣
ŭȵСӣܿãҪǲ˿͸գ
ۣйһŹʥߡʥ߱أֱûûؿŹۼֱۣϾҪˡ
˱ˡһϵȻ˳ȥһͺߵײײ˹
ɫˣɻûͷô졣ͼͷͨѩף˸ͻһֻĸоԴǸͷģĵطһܵӡ
ȦȼֱǳļˣһȦԲ涼ûôԲһӹĹĵģǻʮ̥һ
Źʥˣ˶ӶԷ￴ޱȵľȡ
󸣿Ըɴͷ飬ܲЧȷһ˵֮һͷһλҡҡλߵͷǰʵ
ͷϽͷǣҾǰ󸡣
ž˰һԹ϶߷˵ôģôųֳ֪֪ٵû⣬ҪǼһ㵣ô
ԾнڨڨЦЩᣬҽͺòã
žĸɨȣһӰѰŷڵأȻһϡ
û뵽Ϳ̿ʥصǿ߻ᱻڽ£ˬζʵˬ
֣ȻѾ仯ͷˣΪʵȴǲúԶ֣δЩͷˡ
뵽ϽȥѱƿѰʩһǰ治˼ҵ̫³çˣ¡
ؿڣ˵ûû£çײļһ
ˣͷô˵أ֪֪ǰ˼ʮ㣬㻹˵˸ô㣿ûôòǶֵͷġ
е㾪㤣ϽƳתͷ԰˵ǰҴ磬ǰΪһЩȷʵ˲ٿͷôҲΪЩ졣⣬ٸǣ
˵꣬ݺݵһ۱˼˵ģɱˡһƲ죬תͷֿʥߣȥҪٴһ١
ΡΡ飬Ҫˡ
һ˵ѵ㣿
˭֪˵Ļ
ôĸ飿ɣѵм飿ﲻˡ
ϽѱһȥһĵͻʾԲȥʰʥߣѩػͽⶾ
ڴӦһѩĸӵӣɵþǸ꣡涾ô½أ
һͷһҪǰҲûа취ǿͶ·ˡ
ǰȻϵǸ꣬нⶾİ취żʵ
һ£ͷҡҡͷ
ϲģܽͽ⣬ܽͲܽ⣬ǵͷҡͷģأⱩƢˣҪ԰󸶯֡
͸ˣȵˣֻ֣ܰˣ
𣬸Ͻ˵ֵܣҲΪ̫ĵ飬Żġû£ͷŪˣİ취ҾͲˣ½ô󣬻ҲܹⶾĴô
һЩ⣺磬鲻ãһʶ
ЦʲôֵܵģӦøֵһһСżϻ𣬲ҷܳ˭
ʱ廰λⶾķ֪ģҲܹṩЩڣԼ첻
һƢˣȵа취㲻˵ֵܻҼģл˵ƨţʺҪذ
ԽԽˣɵҡͷΪ˱ΣϽѰһԣʵǰʲô취˵޷ֻҪ˵ˣܲܰ쵽һ£Ȼм
һ˵ҪǸ涾ΪõĶҲܶࡣЩ⣬ҪľмĻڿ


983 Ѫ
ʦɶڶȴǲרҵʦ
Ǹ涾֮䱾ĸϲ̺ǳԵĶءǸζҩĶ΢ǽ뵽ߵں󣬻Ҫĸշʹ֮صҩ죬ŻγǸЧ
ͱ˵ҪһûпٵƶֶҩͲҩЧһҩЧϾͻᶾ裬ҪⶾҪǳĲ衣
ǰ˵Ǹڼ裬ж˵޿ɾεġ
Ǹأ֮ȻܹơΪر֮ܵض»صѪҺС
ֻҪܹصѪҺУؾпܵ
ҩǳ˽⣬˰ĻҲͷ¿һصĸо
ǰ֪ôܹǸĶػصѪҺأʵ
Զж߷¼ΪĶҩѪҺоͻܵų⣬ǸѪҺеųⷴӦǳУԶصѪҺеġƵ˵
ǰ߼֪ػصѪҺУָõأ
󸳤̾һ˵ѾǸĶؼΪѲ޷⡣Ըж߻ѪܹжߵĶתƳȥǺǣⶾʵϾתƣô
ͷһ˵ǰԸתߡǰʲôܷԸˡ
󸿴¶͵Ŀ˵ἺΪˣԼˣɼΰãҾͰæһ⻻ѪҪһתѪҵͼܰô
ЦǰҿԣֻҪ½󷨣ûŪġ
⻰ǫıڱδЩˡ
ɵؿڴӻͳһͼ
ӹһִӴָͳһ󷨻ʯ裬գۼͰתѪ͸ˡ
ʧɫ֪˵飬㲻˼һǫ˵󷨵ʦڰ
ʥߣ԰˵ǰһҪȮӻѪ˭ᵷҡʥǰǳϧѵǰԨԴ
˼Ͻ͵ʵǴޣұܽ򶾵Ĵڣ֮ҵĲһۿҪ׽סҡ
˵ƺ˲׵£ɵҡͷ̾Ϣ
֪ʥ߾˰֮󣬿϶⵽ֹ׷ɱֱ׷ɱζܹġ
뵽İļͷʾο
һ˵һ·ܣȫʥ߱ңҪûҾͲн졣Ҿһ涾ܣİ£磬硣̫ͬƽͬ׷ɱĿ⣬һֱӵˡ
ĬȻѪĸ鲻ĨɱģҪֱӸɵʥߵ뷨вͨˡ
ЦɣҸһŻ˯ҩ˯죬ʱ䣬㹻ǰˡ
룬ҲãȲʥߵܹ£һáʥ߶Լɱ֣־ѩĸӵҲˡ
ĬԼ뷨ӻͳһҩݵʥߵߣ˵ϻƣ˰ɣˣô̫ƽѵսô
ʥдᣬϿɰȰ˵Ͱѵҩˡ
һʥ߻˯ȥЦǿԿʼˡ
һʹָԼΪƽⰵӰ֮ѾеĶҩȫԼˣεǰûжҩˣ֪ô
ЦͿ̿ʥأûУⶾҩеǡǸȪȪˮǼõĶҩ
˵ţ˻ͫuտʥߣԼǴһߵͿ̿ʥص
ΧвľƣԽߣľͲˣȡ֮ľ̦޺ߣǻȻһʯ
ʯĺĲλһִȪۣ⼫ӿȪˮ
Ȫˮ峺ޱȣȴǺеص׵ľ綾ֱӰж߷ŵȪˮнݣ಻ܹЧ
˲ã˲ɡȻѡðƣͶгֵΡѩػͰֻ˵ͷ¶ѩĸӵȫݵȪˮС
ͳһСԼϵ͹λһϴʳ׵֭ҺЩ֭Һιѩػ͵ĿС
ˣЩģĵֵܣҲ̫˰ɣ᲻Ϲڣɱ𡭡
±ٴ˵ʲô治ĻϽס˱죺磬Ŀ֣ǷǳѵõҩġΪʲôϵµ˶Ҫ׷ɱΪ˵õⶫǽٶĶǧ˵˼ʲô
ɴ۾ƿ˵ԭⶫȻô󰡣УҿɲܰȻȥʱҵŪʮ˽Ĵϡ
Ц磬Ҳ̫ˣȫŸɾˣҲûЩǧҵϣҪΪ
ȣ˵ЦˣһĸϳҲ̫Сˡ
˵䣬ͼѩػ͵ں֮ɫȥȡ֮ɫȻƽʱѿ˵㣬Զ϶ǣ˵ģЧ
Ӵָͳ󷨻ʯգۼ䲼תѪ󣬾ŰķԸ
תͷЦţôš˰ᵽλá
հķԸͱѩĸӰᵽָλãһλãһţתѪˡ
󷨣Ͳðе˼ƣһ·ͨļֱܹʵѪҺת
Ƚ֮£Ҫһɰȴæһ
ѪҺѩĸ֮䲻תҪشܡΪҪǸĶڽѩĸڵĶؾͻȫתƵˡ
æͨİɫѾ죬Ѿе;ƿݵ˼ˡʱѩػȻ˶ָǣһ
ЩģϽǱ𶯣һӰİš
ֹ˰ʱڵûͬһ㣬Ÿ֪һжѾˡûйԼȹȥ˼Ẕ́ԪĵҩȻָѩĸ˼顣
ϲģѩĸӳ㣬ûаĺ֢
ʱżԼǸĶأ޷ų⣬ֻȰЩѹƵԼԺһȥ
԰һзǳмԼϴ󲿷ֵĵҩȫ͸˰Ϊ͡ΪĿү˷ˣҲͣ
Ϊϰ֣ʱȥΣֻôѩĸӣǱ˰󸣬ϻͼǡ


984 
ڣѩػͰȵػصͼǣŵǷ
ɫʼղôÿһбԲ÷ģ̫͹罵֮˵Ķĳ̶ȣ˭ܹ뵽ЩΪһڵļһͼɵȥԼźӵ⣿
ˣҲȥʲôˣҪǵΰѩػ͡
ѩǻʺػǻӣټֲǵ۹ͣ͵ĲȣпܻᱻĳЩ˴Ȩ
Ȼ鷢ȥ¶־ܰѶԷˣǵ۹ڻָڼ䣬ʵǳܲˡ
ͼǵ޹֮ڣһϢѩػͣضЦݡ
ףһúãҪĸףػĿᶨؿ˵ڶ̶̵ʱھô飬д
һűͳĸһԽʵҪˡĺӣǵ۹ĻӣĴڲΪԼΪǵ۹ķչ
ãͶֻҪ˼ˡǧҪסһ;̰죬Ҫȴ򣬰˷ѵЩʱ䶼һɣĶӻǿĵЦˣָػ͵ԴԼĶѾΪˣ⡣
ô죿ѱǲõڶΰһԣѩһۣԥǿ˵
ͷڿǸδѩػ͵İȫѾͷ⣬źˣľͰȲ
ҪÿүǸץˣǾ鷳ˡǾԲ᷸Σ
Ŀתػ͵ϣ΢΢һЦ˵Ͷʲô뷨𣿡
ػ͵۾һ֪ڿԼЦеصͷ˵ظʣһ뷨Ҫв㣬븸ָ㡣
ϣԼ뷨ôа𣿡֪Ī縸ƷСӵ˼Ƿӿ϶
˵ɣػ΢΢һЦһ˿ŵ顣
˶٣ػվƣ˵ʣΪؾү˵Ĵսǰ׸Ǹ׵ǣңԲеڶΣԽܡ
ͷʾػͼȥ˵ԱߵѩĿػ֪ͣԼĺӳˣܹǽˡ
֮˵ǵʶ㹻ǿҪǣºܼ򵥡ԣҪأǾ͵òһʶ޷̽ĵطػԼ°ͣһ߳˼һ˵ǼƷһ
˶٣ػʹһָ˵أϾǳ֮ƣǴһ־ս׳òֶǵ۹İȻӰ죬ǳ־ͻΣա
˵ػͽĿ⿴ƺѯʲô
һЦ˵ɴߣСڣ
ػصصͷϵЦȴ˵ʣѰҺ׳Ƶ棬ǿԸһټٷֲ壡
ټٷֲ壿
üͷһ⵹Ǹ⣬վλ̫ߣһֱϲķ⣬С֮ȴǽˡ
Сûʲôֻʹõ˲ãݲͬˡ
˵صͷػСС;ܹ뵽ȷѾʮѵã⻹
ҪɳΪܹƿؽɽЦµҪ̫̫ࡣ
϶Σգұպ׵һһԼĵزػɵ˵ţ˵ﻰȴһת˼ƣǣǱҪа취ܹƿ⼸˵ҳϣ֤ǾԵд鷳֡
ǡʲô뷨ɫɣʵ
ػһ΢ԥһ£ſ˵ɴߣСڣ
£ػ˫۾˸ؿȴǳĬ뵽˳˼֮С
֪ػͿ϶˵ַΪ֮ǰͰѿķػͣɵ⻰ĴӶӿ˵ʱȴЩпᡣ
ΪףǺػͻɳΪɱ˲գ۵ˣվ۷壬ѪծȴһӶ޷
ܽӴԽԽԽԽԽ󣬲ɱԽ࣬Խ
ͶӲɿվ͵ģþã𣿡Σվǿ˵
һĽ˵ʲôأɶ⣬˭
ػ΢΢һЦͷ˵ģѾǺˡҾĵ£ֻҪԺһͷͺãǲ̫ġ
ԭˣ
ʱЦˣǹңΪǵ̫࣬ǰˡ
ϲа֤һ仰ǰˣǰɳ̲ϣаЦô˵ػ͵ıֻʮġ
΢һ˼ͷ˵ãǾͰ취׼ֿͨѶ໥ϵѩһŰɡ
ǣİɣѩӦ˵ȫСһ
ţһ˳˶ԲһʱڣЦϡ
ѩİٶȺܿ죬ڶ컹ûʱѡѾ׼ˣػָ֮£˺Сķ˽˿ƣԼʶ
Ƕ˽ĵ飬ǶĹ֮ˣϲΣշ
ˣһ֧벽ԪӤӸǻȥЭǰźһٰ֧֮⣬һᰲһЩɿĸȥ÷ǰİˣЦЩΡ
Ĵֶ֮εĻ޷һ̽飬һ©ţʱһоͼˣ̵ʱڵ
ҪúõıԼܷʲôһжҪԱԼİȫΪأˣҲҪսȥɫأ֪Լһ뿪һټʱ򣬿ֻǸɵΣ˰ɣ
ʣģ
˸ˣͬ˵ϵı鶼ûʲôͬ
ӵһȻӺţɲһܹܵġ
üһȥɣעΡˣһ޷ֱ棬͸˵ˡ
˵ͷתһңǾһαװ֮ڴֵӵ֮뿪ˡ
Ϊ˱֤ȫطԼ˳ڰбһ£ǿүĲҪ鷳
ѩػ뿪ˣϵЦݽһ̫࣬ȫԼźӣΪ޷͵ģ
үǵúúˣ͸ҵһУҶҪӱĹ黹㣡ɫױ䣬Ŀ⿴ҹĵ̣½ࡣ
һľɱʧˣүҲ֪ʵ²ٶֶΣѡΪ򵥴ֱķӡ
ɣǿһⳡɣѾȲˣ
һתȥ֮ڣ˵ϢѾñ


985 
ͼǴڣؾһڸ߲㶼ۼһ˫˫۾Ϸŵı
˵һαʲôӣ
֪ǻ۹ˣ϶ܹҵӵģҪȻǵ۹Ҳͳһˡ
ô˵٣ɲҪˣһ˿ɲôöԸİ
ôˣǱûз𣿺ߣȺɵСˣȻֶĵˣ治֪ǻʲô
˵ĲЩ·ߣǻ治Ầ£ƫƫǹŵĲ´Ьģ˵ŵʵǰ죡
һҪǲúôĻؾҪһˡ
ĵ𾢵ʱһǡ
˵ĶؾԳѵһ̣ؾѾǵؾôСˡ
Ӱڱ֮ϣɫƽΣͷҲûš
˷׷ֱһֽЩȥˡ
ˣǵʱȣץһ°ɡ˵Ѿ˾ֻҪЩ˵˵ʲô
˭룬⻰һ侹Ȼû˽
ĺͿЦһϵˣû취ֻܹԼվ˵£ĺҪ̽һơ
˵ɣǸϰߡͷ׼ˣһսµʱۿǱزٵһȻˡ
ĺͳһ£Щص˵ʵڲǵ۹սĺʱ򣬵۹ڻָһξսǻǵ۹ӸӰ졣
ǾսԨ۹ȼɣüͷһš˵Ըѡ񣬱ϾԨ۹Ҳ
ûʲôѡأȡᣬһѡ񲢲ѡ
˷׷׸ͣؾԨ۹ߵҲ٣Ժúõزһ£˵ܹȡòս
£ĺ͸ոյϢ콵֮Ѿѹ´˼ӣ׼սǵʱ䲻ˡĺһһӾͰѴϵ˵׶ˡ
һĺ͵ģ֪һ϶ˣһЦ˵ĺͣлֱ˵֪Ѿˡ
ʥĺʩһֱӿ˵綼֪ؾǿһûԸΪеģֻкڲϵƶǿҲﻢ¡Ҳ˵Ӹϣܱߵļ۹ѾؾˣǲԸս˵Ըڶʱڷս
˶٣ĺͽ˵ʵҲһᣬֻҪ̵ʱڣ罵֮ȫߣնɱĻͿԱģսؾˡ
ͬصͷǴֱӶʰүˣʣµ̫ðˡȫЧ¿үˣȥĵ۹ʹһˣ׼ǵĻʵûʲô
ϾǿĿõģ֮˶޷һ֮Ĩɱ
Ӧ׼һ׼ӦԿү˵ķһҪӣȴ۹ĽүǲЩ˲Ѫġһ񽥽
£Ѿһˣս޷ڶʱȫָعӦþ߳ңǿµսˡĺһһһˣͺõĲˣ⼸˵ΪĺϢ֮һˡ
΢΢һЦ˵һ벽ԪӤӵܹõķӳֻҪȸɵһˣǵʤʹ̫࣡
벽ԪӤӵǺ˵Ѿ˱µҪֻĺ;ҪǿĹͷֶΣܹʹá
ʹããͽŰɣԶֻ򵥵Ķ࣬Ҳȥ˲ٵ鷳ֱӵͷӦԼҪܣؾ֮п϶мϸһй¶˳ļƻܵĴ
ڵʱΰŶԿүˣѾ˼ƽϡ
һڴӦĺʹû˷ʱ䣬һת˵ݸյõϢһǿ»ἯľӣǱҪ׼
˵˵Ͼеĵ۹Ը֡һͷҲ֪ԼĻǽؾˣ˵Լ̫ǰ¡
һͱɱˣؾֱһͿأǾûвĵıҪˣЩıļһڵһʱѡ侮ʯؾ
ϾûоԵѣֻоԵ棬ûбѣֻ˵滹㹻
ʱͨѶˣüͷһֱӽͨˡ
ػʵۣүÿ˳ʮȥǣѪʵۼֱ֮ӿ˵¶ѿɫѾ¶Ǳȵġ
Ŷʮ
üͷһšĿԶԶصԤˣÿһ۹ʮ඼пܣһؾǿҲ޷ֵҵı
ڵЩԺˡ
ãͺãؾġ΢΢һЦͷ˵˵ֱ֮Ӿ͹ҵͨѶ
ǱߣΧѪʵߵļλʵһ㶣׷¶˼顣
һ̣Ƿ׷뿪ȥԵĹ׼ˡжǾûʧһʮӻ϶ڻˡԣҪúõѡһԼʵյˡ
ϾȷˡүǱ߼ľҲͳˡ
Ԩ۹ĿǰǿүĴӪĸҹϷӺԶĻҲǰʮ
ˮ塢塢ˮ塢ѪҲǰʮһһʮֻؾгҲԨ۹ͺˮ塣
ԣ򵥹ӦһٶʮӻʣµľǸЭս
ĺͽԼķһ˵꣬ͷˣһſʼ˵ܻкԵİɣһӦҲæǵ⣬̫࣬ҾʮɡͿȷһʮᷢҵĽǰϸһ¾Ϳˡ
һʮѾǸСĿˣؾҪԿҲһʮҪȻûдıҪ
ɾӲ˵ܹģضҪפأ߽ľǲֱӵһĻأʱĵطûУǿɵˡ
ǡҪôľӣһԣɻʵ뷨ͲҪôӣϾܻдսսҪȻõЩ벽ԪӤӲ˷
Цһҡͷ˵ĿǰҪôˣҪȻүǻչģսʱǾͱˡ
ǿɾ鷳ˣؾȫһٰʮˣȥפصľӣҲʣ¸ʮ򣬶ܵʮǲ˵ٵʮ𣿡һ⻰ˣôӰҪǲǵ۹ĽĻǵǺ˵ֱӵˡڵҶ̫࣬һˣ鷳ˡ


986 
ʮӣԲǸСĿ
ǵ۹òҪóˣ̫׳ˡϾǵ۹ĺҲǰȫһүţǾ鷳ˡ
ʮе࣬ؾս㹻ҿֱӵʮӹһһʮһʮӽɣ⣬߲ǻЩŵֶ𣿸óõʱͲҪһתƣֱӿ˵
ؾóôľʵǲʵǲһʤսϾؾʵ̫̫࣬ൽЩؾĽʿӦõģϰΪˡ
һ˵ĺ;ˡңĺ͸ҷԣĴսؾԲẦ£ҲԲ䣡ĺ͹һЦֱ׳
ʱˣҡͷЦԣؾӦе̬ȣҵжôǿǶֱӵķǴ򵽣
һ˵ǣֱڴϵѪȼˣһ·նʹ޲۷Ź⡣
Ļʲô𣿡ɨһ·ˣʵڵʱǲ࣬ڻпҪϸµİš
ҪǣкֵܶµȺ֪Ǽĵľҳϵģ˭֪߻᲻зˮģ
ϾҪһ˷ˮķ̫̫࣬Ҳûо
˷׷ҡͷȥֻĺ͡
ӱĺ͵ļ˵ĺͣȥߡ
ĺһЦͷԺȥһƬ޴Ļ԰ɫʮֲ
Լ벽ĺͣҡͷ˵λԽߣԽ鷳˵ŤŲ˵
±˭Ǳģĺ͹һЦ˵
ʲôʱ򣬵˵ĵλͬʱ򣬴ҿƽƽһ˵˻ʵۣǾͱעˡϲ⣬ǧΪı顣
԰ڣѰһֱͤ£ó˲豭ֱӾ͵ȡˮ˲Ҷ
ǺȤû˰кܶҪšĺһƣ֪ˡ
ͬҪ̫ȥţһ©óɹʧܡ
˭룬΢΢ҡͷҲ˵ֱӽˮãһڣƵ˵ĺͣɣǼ²ĲҶеļƷһҿǲóŶ
⻰ĺ۾һͱˣһ첻ȶС
ĺһڣĺһԼǸƽһĺΪҪԼȲ;ˡ
սڼǹغǵ۹飬ΪҵңһңԲˡ
ָָĲһĺ;Ͱú£Һý㣬ҪȻ鷳ˡ
ôоɣһЦһȲһˬعһ
ĺ͵ͷɫѾָյĵ߰˵л£ĺͶˡ
飬ÿһشʱԽҪԼעⱣ侲ԽŬԽˣԣҾôһӣҾ㵹ǿѧѧЦǺǵ˵Ĺ⻪˸ܶһѾ˾
˶٣˵˵ô඼˷ʱ䣬㲻ҪˣΪаյսҲпܻ䣬ûյսҲûӮĻᣡһУҪӣҪˣ
ĺܽˣĺ͸æʩл
Цһڰ֣˵ˣˣҪôԼʲô
ĺͺٺЦ˻ȥŽ˻˵£ܲ͸©һ㣿ʵûаգ
üͷһĺ˵ܳԾ
ôûգһ裬ƽгŵ˵
콵֮ˣĺͺε˵սǵ۹ĻľͲˣ
ȴˣĪʵֲǿݣԸѵҶһ˿˿ĺ¡

ʱЦˣЦȻԽԽ󣬸Χ·˷׷ײĿ
ĺͣʵ㻹ûпĺһۣĳ˵
ʾĺ͹˵治ʲô㡣
ͷк˵Ĳ豭˵ү˵Ŀɱңǵ۹ͿԶϾδԶ
һĺף֮ǰ˵һı
һ˵֮˱ϾĴڣѰǾһĴڣУǾǿںеĹͷֻҪһ죬ͻĹעǣֱ뿪
⡭
ĺüͷ˳˼֮У˰βſ˵Ǳµ˼⿴ſүǲ˳ۣҪǸŪȥҲ²һ£ܻһ̶صעǣ
ʵ̫˰ĺͣһƣ̲ס̾
ĺ͵ǻ۵ȷ̫ǿˣֻǵһ㣬ֱƲ˴
ĺͰĺҵұۣҪȻĵˣεٴθпؾܹչĳ̶ȣǾ벻ĺ͵ġ
ټģĺ͵ɫȻˣεؿһ˵²ıԶǣĺվǲ̫ࡣ
ҡҡͷֻ֪ıȽ϶ѣټʵǿֶζ࣬ԲŻĳɾͣҪȻҲ
ˣ˵˵ôսɡ
ͻأأǽһת䵽ϱߡ
ĺգգ۾ɫһӲ˵ǻɴмϸ
ͷε˵ûа취ҲûбҪȥ˭ҾҪһ飬װɣ
ףĺصص˵ͷβԣ㲻ûֱӰĵġ
£ÿүֱͼǣȡ̵ʱڣصɫĺһתֱ˵˵ʱȴ˵ˡ
ʱȴǺǺһЦ˵ĳûô鷳ǻֱͨնжǵ۹ĴñԲԣ
ǣǧעİȫϾµİΣҪġĺͲ޵ĵ˵ھͺһֱӳȥ˴սһ
ˣȫˣ˵ɫЦݡ
ˣˣ
ĺһԴĽʵǲ˵ʲô˼
ؾսʲôǴϵ£ȫȫԱսϱ߾ͿʼˣؾҲ˰ģʲôʱĶҪĶظпӵ磬ֵ磬罨ҵĿǲŹˡ
ֱڣҲ˵ԼܹȫĶ֣


987 
ɡɱµİȫδЩʵ̫ǿ˰
ĺ׵ĺܣվ޷λû˿ȡ
ðɣҾ͸һŶ裬үҪɱǾԲܵģ֣һߣֻѶȻӲٰˡһЦһǿԵϢɢһԵĺͶԿ⡣
⡭δе̫ǿ˰ɣ
ĺѾɵۣһٸһһŴŵĶ衣
ĺͣһܡʵѾȥˡ˫ۺЦ˵ϢԻĺ𺳡
Ȼĺ͵ӲͦţеĲ豭ڰֱ޷ƶˣϵ𾪽Ӳޱȡ
졭磿֮ĺͲŻһĭ֮󣬼ѵ˵
ĺ͵𾪳̶ȳԤ⣬ε˵ǵģԣӦܲ²⵽ҵΪʲô˰ɣ
󡭡ڡĺͱһͣͿϺϵأ˵Ļ
Ǻǣǹ˼̫࣬Ҫעų־ͿԽȫɱһ˵ʵƾǼսʿʵԸƱ߶֮˻
Ȼ磬û㹻Ŀռӡ
ģĺһץϵĲ豭ҲǲˮḶֱ́һڹ¡
ȿȡĿԹĺͲŻһĴ˵ãʵ̫ˣ֪ôǿһĸë߰
ؿĺͣǵһĺ˵Ļ
žͬʱЦ
ӣûнƵ˵Ц԰˶ˡ
ⲻҪôº͹ʦЦӣ
ˣ㻹ǵı¿ս޲ʤİ
ѵ˵ʲôĵӣ
֪µ˼ɲЩСܹ²ģҵ֪º͹ʦЦ˿ģһսûˣ
⻰˵Ķԣ˭ʦ˭Ͼ޵а
ٺ٣콵֮Ҫб£Ҳȥ£˵ѹյһأ
ˣϻˣϽߣǻҪæܶء
Զԣߣĵǵͺã

СС԰ףڳĸϢǴݵĺܿ죬ûã߽˾ͷָеǹѹ࣡
֪ԭ֮󣬷׷뿪ִ˿
û֮Ϣͨ˻϶֪ʵʦЦˡ
ʵû뵽ĺĵһδЦȻؾٴࡣ
֮ͤУ»һҶѾָƽĺ˵һΣֻҪǽ콵֮ȫʰˣǶʱھͲٻʱ򣬾͸ĳȥˣ
Ҫȥĺ۾һɣϢ̫ͻȻȻ֪ߣû뵽ô졣
ͷһ˿ǣ˵ûа취ǵʱ̫ˣұҪûоǵ鷳ԣֻȥҵ鷳ˡ
ĺͲ˵ˣֻ֪ԼϵĵӸӳˡ
ˣУ뿪ֻʱ⡣˵˵ôֻ࣬ĺ͵и׼ʱҪΪ˵ݶηηš
ףģĺվ˵
ҲҪһ裬һģ
ѽһ˵ͳԶˡĺͰкܳʱûкú˰Це˵Ҳû뵽Լ͸¶ôϢ
ĺεЦЦ˵£Ǹָһ¸βðɡ
ãǾԹ³һϢҲûа취ôһȦӣΪʲô
Ϊĺʦܹȥſ£սʱûʱȥôࡣ콵֮˾͹ڵˣﻹܵϰľӣ
£ǵĿܻܿͼǣǵķôĺԥһ£ʵʵûиֶΣϾⶫܹʱʵı
еĲ豭һЦ˵õľĻչƴ𣿡
⻰һĺһ㶣漴ݺݵԼԴơ
޴޴ԴҲǷ˰ĺ˵˵˶ԷҪĿնɱĲǸֶΡ
ģս²ᣬЩ˿϶ڰڼƣȻſүְɣǻڿүвսȴǲᣡĺ͵۾ԽԽѾץסĹؼڡ
սᷢҪʮϰȴǲֵģЩһɵһЦǵĻȹճĽƻı㡣
ĺһİƣ˵£ˣǵ۹
ԣҲĵġԣһεսԭӣ񽥽ñ㲻ƫƫԸ
ɿүżĺܣʱƵģΪԼҲᾡ⣬ҪȻᱳһ²ñӡ
үԽżҪɱ壬ǾԽǼӿȡ
һΣǾһسսɣȫȥأлĻҪգһԵذѵɱ£ſ£ǲؾϣ˵ϵȴڲϵر仯˵Ȼһɱ⡣
ĺ΢΢ͷѾԼȥˡ
ˣسǣġؾ鷳ȻֱӴ󲿶ӿǻеġ²豭վֿһԵĳڻζţ˿֪ϱߵ˰Ű˵
µ˼ǻֱںţǾͲǵ𣿡ĺͲʵ漴ԣԷ֮ˣǵֶҲܸߣԿܻһĸ졣
ĵģԷԼͬ߸ԶԶ̹ݻ٣ؾ
鵹ǺôȻô£ǾǶһЩĺ͵ϻһĨƻЦôɭ
һԣ촽ת˵£˷˷ǵҩߵҪ࣬ðװ˷ѡ
ģĺͻᴦõģǻһūûеطɱɣĺ͵¶һɱ֮ҪǻϣǸݣܹϢҲǼΪѵõġ
Ը飬Ϊ֪Խ࣬ͻԽһʱѾܹĸо۾εضסֻҪиʲô紵ݶǾ͵Űʰɡ
ǿûдﵽǿĳ̶ȵʱվǵв⡣
ˣû˰ɣң⣬עһ¾ӵɾͽˡ
°ͣûʲôˣĺȥˡ
˵ô໰ʼվʲô黹ûпǵ
үǲƲ磬ĵҲ㹻࣬Ҫȥ׼㶫


988 ݻ
ȫǴҾǴʮͷҲôѰɣҹǧƷˡ
үҲе㾪ǧĸУ֮ˣһӵҹľӵô˴ʧأ
溮ҹү̾˿ᵽʲôǽˡ»Ҫ˰æ£ܵðһ°ɡ
뵽үһ˵ǧ죬Ҫôʲôú˵ҹҲѴǶͬһҪ໥໥
ǧˣƽһ£ŭȻܹһ۾ܹܵõǧ죬Ҫһ£ȴʲôҲû˵ֱӾͰҹϵıүݹȥˡ
үӹһĶŵıʱ񱻳һͣ沿Ͼͽסˡ
ô£ҹ׼ʮôôŴʮ򣿻Уе࣬ʲô˼үû뵽ҪռƻˣԱȻû룬ѹǧôŭֱͷһٴζ̰
ү̬ȹȻºͣҹǴ˲ŵͨһˣΡΡشүֵΪһЩȥһֱˡ
ʲôүֱԼĶǲˣ
ˣ⻹Ǿô
ڿүӡУֻҪһ£¹ʲôӶʱںᣬ򵥵ˣڣȻӣ
үǧıŭˣ˭ô׵ûҲǻᱩߵģǧûпţֻǷǳķӦˡ
һʱ䣬үɫҲǳѿŬѹסԼ緢ŭ𣬾һƽ͵ʵҹ֪ףӵ룬ܵøҸɰɣΪʲô
ҹһȻɫݣ󵹿ˮˡ
үλˣǿǲ֪ĹΪλ˰£ʵѰ찡ү˵˵ģңӼ϶ԸʮӦ͸ôҹͬ˳ǲԸⰡ
үٴˣ˵Ǳҹ׵⽹ۣ
ǧүɫ䣬֪үҲŭɶˣ÷ˣ˻Լɡ
뵽ǧָҹı˵ܹͶʮˣҪϼĴ˴Զȵ˶ˣټϣؾĺӶˣԼЩӲô
ˡҹ˵ǻﶼſǻˣҲôİµĽȴǲͬ˵ƾʲôҪԼȥҪҲǴһȥǲƽ
ʲô
ǧŭٴαȼǻǾôûսͰߣⲻƾһ㣬һƻĶΪУеʱղ룬Ҳ뷨ɣеľеӦôһǲǣ
ҹŵһӣηصͷʾͬǧķ
ˣǧŭЦ˲治齨ӣֱ齨һ̶Ӷãܹõּۻۣܿ㡣
ҹΨΨŵŵˣǲֵ֪ҲһζǱؾˡʮˣճģ춼ּۣۻۣ˭ҲԸ嵽ǰȥͼǣǿؾش˭Ըȥ
ճģǧȷʵǳʶˣӴ̾ȻҪƴգⲻĽô
ǧ컹ðƴȥҹЩΪʲô̧ͷˣվӴ̣ġȣ治֪ôҴ浽ġ
үǰԼеŭѹȥˣ˵ǧ죬Ҳһζָҹˣ˼ѴˮҲӦõġ
ǧ֪үлҪ˵ˣԼɲͷϾ˵һˡ
ҹ˵ʮӣȫսǿĲӣôհҪҷдյɣүǱˣӦûġ
⻰ҹݺһ飡
үĻǲɵģҲɿүŷԼȻһȥǺ׵顣
ʮľ񲿶ӣʹ
илر
ү¶Ŀҹ˵ģؾ֮õķֵģؾģһѶӵ˵ĵ̷ָһЩ㻹ʲôѹô
ҹɫϴһӣЩ̰Ҳ¶һ˿⡣
ү΢Щ񣬶ļˣүǺܲмģҪõЩˣֻŪˡ
Уһ㵥ṩһЩϺƷͼġЩľӵսһ޷󼰵ĸ߶ȣߺһ֧ӣʲôδ
үȡ˻伢İ취ҹ޳룬ҹѾȫû˺֮飬ȡ֮һֿȵ顣
ţǸֵҷֵһ۲šүҹıֺ⣬¶˵Цݣԭƻ޸һ£ݻϼʮ򾫱ʱƶüƻȻ𹥻
ҹüЦлȥ׼Լˡ
ҹߺ󣬿үһĺ˪ôãܹ¶һԼʵ״̬ˡ
үǧȫүϽȰҲôЩȷʵǱˣķӦҲ֮еġ룬ⲻҹı֣иֵӦö״̬
үüͷ˵ǰ⻹Ǹ⡣ǧ죬ǵٶ죬һȣ˵ǲʲôҪָӣΪҲ⻻ˣԼŰ졣
ǧȥүȴһûзɵ顣
ЦүҲ̫ˣҹЩˣҲǸߣΣԴ̼һ£ҲǲƴŸЩ޴ļһҪǿɾ͵òʧˡ
ү΢΢̾˵ֵܽٵ磬û뵽ܵ壬ȣôˣ
˻壬ɫҲ˵޴󰭣ֻʶܵǿ𺦣ǲ˵㣬һʵգսָܹԭ߳ҡ
ѰүȻ̾һ˵˻һ㣬ռֶҪۿۡѰ˼ţԸһ»òֶΰɡ
ɫ˵ⲣ׺쳣ҵȽµѪ𡣲ò˵ΪǼưٳҪɵҪһۣǶռֶôҾûǸʸ񡣡


989 װ
үͷҲΪģҲǹùˣŭȻˡһĵλҲҪЩˣЩˣһƴĸǣʱǺúչˡ
ʮϿɿүĻŵͷȻһ⣺үѵͨҹЩ˵ĵܰƵ·ôҡ
˵ҪҪ˵ȥ
үЦԼˣʲô˵ģ˵ҲҪ
Ҿ;ҹЩ߯ˣҹӣ⼸ֱں֮ڡǵİжܴһֲʤͲˣ㣬Ԩ۹һӴǵ۹
ţ˵ĺеү϶Ŀˣǽ½ĿĵġһǸɵһˡ׺ȴĿ궼Щˡ
ͷǰǾȫֶնɱҲҪ޴ĴۣһҪ˳ˣҪŬү˼ͨ沿ӵĴǵȫϵһж
үЦһ͸Ѳ֮Ŀֲʵʦʦ󷨴ʦǾԲֵܸ׼ʱġһ׼ˣҪֻ»ѡ
ˣҪһǣľʹ֮Ͷ뵽ȫԸǵ׼ϣһҲΪ¾ʶϵ׼
үĿ˵㣡һôҹôһ϶ѣۿһôڣǻ͵һϣһ£СദҪ֮ġ
ʩүģһԴΪصġ
ô˵ҾͷˡεжֱӶͼ֣Ȼ棬ȥָһ£Щˣȡ
׿үһ̾Ϣε˼˵һͷʨ쵼һȺܴһͷ쵼һȺʨӡ
бԣ
οԷһͷʨ쵼һȺʨӣߵʨ쵼һȺʨӻܳ棡
Ҳûа취ֻھеǿջƴһսˣ
ΪһЩԭӴģҹεˣ࣬Ҳͼսҹʱ˧ڽɢȥҹս
ҹ⣬ϵͷȥ
ˣӵѾˣģһؼģɶҵĵϵӣսǾбϵġ
΢΢ͷ˵ʲôʱܹϣ
ҹ۾תս⣬רҵʿشúá
սϽȭˣѾȫöϸڣ֮ڣ϶ἯȫĲӡ⣬ǵľеҲϣֻҪһ£ָܹͼǡ
Ľ⣬ʵǻʲôҪô
սһ˵ˣһ㻹ԲṩһЩƷͼûȫͼƳƳƷװһĲӡ
ʲô־ˣѵͼˣүṩϲǵ𳡹ģЩӦǺİ
һأֵҹпˣ˰ǲ֪𳡵ˡΪϲɴ˽ҿҹ𳡰֪ô⼸û˯һþ
ûԣȵ҆£˵ص㣡˭ʱ߶
ҹһݣϽת뵽⣺ˣͼ㹻ǵʦˮƽ΢˵㣬ṩͼҪļȽϸߣƳĵһһĲдƷھһʱѾöˡ˷ѵĲҲ˵ģڿӦǡ
Ӧǲôô˵ȥҹү˵Ҫ֮ŬѹסԼŭ𣬳һ˵˵ɣ٣
شˡӦûˡҪƳ㹻ʮ׵װҪϻһϡ
ʲôӲ֪жôǿǴӡ
˵÷ˣˣٸǲ룬ʱȱˣǲǴŵʱ뷨ҪĻǾͱɻˡװһҪ֮ٶҪǶ׼ˣֳ۶ӣ˵ԭ򣬺ߡ
ΣԶһȴҲǺް취ôأֻûȥү˵ϣĶڵѪֱǱﰡԲȥˣڰɡ
ֹ죬ӵװñȫˣԼ˼ꡣЩڣ˵װף˵ǳȫûһսս£һͷøﻹǸ
оԼľˣҴսս㱨ûд⣬Լȥڰɡ
˵һװľӣòȻһ£ʿҲ֮Ϊ֮һ
װֺüƷʿľǻƺڼףⶫܰȫڸԭĻǿʮȴԭͨ׵һ롣
һǻĿèۣһֵƷܹ۾⣬ҹӵĹܣƵĲƷؾװˣҹľУȴ״װ
ʿеĽսҲڸķΧ֮ڡеĳì̵ϣӲҷ̶ȱԭı֪˶ٱ
˵Ҫװڷүṩ˲ٵĸ߱ϣڵĻǿȡ
ҹµʦҲ̫ڵƵ̧ߣװӵģոչһҩġ
һĽǾװĸʱڵ̰һڣɿүṩһսʽĳ壬Ȼܹƶڱøнһٶȡ
żҪģΪأӵսԶӰġһ£пԿڣǵṩڻڻһӵսֹһΣ
һʹôϲ裬ǰؾװãĽֱˮԼҲЩöܲô
ͳʮģȻսİƣ˵ʵڵģҹ£ܹͳ̵ģҲˡ
ټڽưѴսƶõսƻһڽȫʮֱӹؾԨ۹ģҲ̫˰ɣؾѴ򣬿ɲǹ˵˭ûؾԹ
ֱ飬ƵԤϵУʵֺγû뷨أɾǾܸܲϷ˵ʵѴֵǲ򰡡
ĻҲֻ룬˵һ


990 
Ʋò¼ʹͳ˧磬ʵϲôøɵġ
Ҳѹװͳһ㣬ǵսֹܹʮеɣƲаͳ˧ҪǶֹ۵ĻϣĽʿֹô
ƵĴꡢ֮£ǰµĽ˼ͳһ
ռƻҹľӣҹɫͼǣڰҹʱֶͼǷĹռͼǣɱ
Ȼ⻰ƶòףҲֻʿˡ
ͳ˧ֹۣäĿҲãҲãܹӰ쵽ʿʮװһʱ˭еıĸо
ֹ۲ԽƣäĿ͡е˾ã״̬㲻ûǹͼǣɱ
ؾҹս͹սҹµģװټƵһٺƣʿҲֹˡ
ǰؾΪװô
ʵ϶Ǿˣװˣ˭ʤ̰
̬ҹĴûηսܹнֹ´ҹɫʮͼǡ
ò˵ؾͼǵرûǺܵλġؾԨ۹ľݵ㣬ټϻʵţͼǵرԭеĻϣּǿ׼
֪ͼǱȻرɭϣû뵽ͼʮĵط޽÷¡
ҹļӣһ֧ʮɵľСӣǵڣɵֵܳѲߵؾڡ
ЩҲɫؾΧڰʮˣϢɵˡûϵǣôԶľϣؾȻܹ޽һһڵµ÷¡
ڶʱǿؾ÷ڵսʿ۲쵽ֵܱɱñ滨ԻҲչΣԶ̾еؾʿ䡣
ؾսʿ̷ļ̣ηĵΧһͨѶĸϷϵһ߶ԵչҵĻ
սܿ㱨ҲԤϵеģƵϣڴݻپݵ㣬ӿǰĲ
ټ̵Ĺ£Ҳ޷ǰҴ棬һڵȥݵʮؾսʿȫ졣
ǰУǵǰľݵԽԽ࣬ڸСɼһǰУֻҪ־ݵ㣬Ͼڴݻ١
һ·һ·γݵ㣬ҹĴƽٶȺܿ죬һʱƽ˶ʮľ롣
ˡ
ǰ洫еʹ
ôģͲ֪ʡŵôΪԼؾôͣɾڵܹȰڵˣ˳ǽ£ôĿ޵ʱ򣡡
ɧɧֿڹֿڣƻ治ȥұô˷ѣһ£ʿǶ֪Լⷽҩ㣬ǶԾʿӰǼΪӵġ
ͳ꣬Ҳ֪ʿһЩΪеʱˣܱģһ˼Ϳˣǲˣ¾޶־һڵﶼûʹãһ˼ܣǲµġ
ֻһԴյСҹӹ˳ٽҹʱڹͼǵĳ¡
ڴмᣬ׼ܹʱһܵƵǰ˵˧ЩԾôҹͼǵΧأͼôһ㶯ûаؾķɣ
ģҲûǰս飬ؾǻŵоδȵʱʵзؾǾԲ¸ҹսսģıȷʵе֡
һ£ԤӣһͽӦˡҹľӣڳһףзǳǳʹİֵýоġȳˣؾδҹӵĶ֣
ʵϣͼƸ߹ؾ
ʱͼԼĻƺǸĵһоͿܻ֣ʱġٻ룬ҲұУѻʵ۵İΣڲˡ
ͼǵһݵ㱻ΣͽӵսҲϰսʱԤ˷Ӧơú˸֮ԥˡ
ʵҪ϶Ѷȥ˭ıӵҴͼǡ
ԥ˰죬ûҴűȥڿؾǵ۹꣬ƵƤ춼ûȥϽȥ㱨ϣֹ
ͽӵսΪһͳ˧ȻսԼĿһֱΪܶĹ٣ǻʵۣӦø帺һԸ棬Ʊػηηţʾ
սϵ˲Ϣ䣬ȵʾˣʲôıˡֻҪо٣һҪٸⲻжΣǶԼµΣ
û뵽ǣͼ̲Ҫľ٣Լ㱨
졣ûɣǸʾģѵĹٵˣͲָӲսˣ˿ûӣ֪Ͼһ
ĺҲʱ򣬾͸ϵһ죬֪ηηŵԭˡһ죬ĺЦ£½ҲǵıµİȫԲŻԱһЩʾ£ҲǶԱµ
ȴǻ˵ʲôʾģʲôõĵģǾ٣ֻҪˣȻͰȫ¾֪ʾҪٸʲô
˵꣬˵죬ˣǾ٣ôԱôţ飬ЩңõˣҪʲôЩԸ˵ҪҲ԰ҵʿãȥصĸλȥ
еȥˣĺЦ£½ǲЩ̫ˣϾ½ҪǵİȫҲҪһ
ɫһ˵ĺͰʵҺγԸѵ½أҲˣ½ͽηηţοǱأҪһ߽ʵɥһƴˡѡԼԼĽ
ʥĺ͹˵еʱ򣬻˵ٵˣ治֪ôˡЩȽڣ˵ᣬҲɼЩƾһʱѪܹıģ
һüͷĺ˵飬ͷģүǸô鷳ҲûôͷһЩԼ׳ɵĶץǷϰ
ߣԺ󣬻ȫˡɲǶԼ˷𣬶ǰѻȫתƵ˸ڽͼǵĵоˡ
սսҪµս˭װΣôڻû̵ģԼͼɣӰһѵţҪǲõϲԲӰѵ


991 ű
ѾûٽˣȥˣʣµĲ඼ǲıԱиĳ
Ҷ֪½Ƣãڳһ˵ӣǵһμ
ﻰ˼½ڻʵﰤѵˣ˭ҲʱùͷСϽȥ̽½Ҫ鱨
ûһ鱨ԴԴϻ
ҹͼ֮ҹµĲӣεͳ˧ƣ˧ʮǰӹģͰڳҪȡͼǵġ
⣬жʮеʿװͬĵˣװǳҳгڶǺܹŹֵģ̶ڳ֮ϣԺܿͶ뵽µϡ
鱨ע⣬õб䣬ܹľԸ֮СΪ˻ȡһֵϣϴԼԸرƼǡ
ǣؽΪǹӲģ㱨ȴֹˣϵ˳ͷ
ĿȥҹԼԼܹԷӵĻҹӻװĻƺڼףҹɫºܺõڻԼ쿴ҲǸš
˵Ѿ㹻ˡȻ۾ĲǺУƾŶɳһֱܵĸо֪иһ
룬ж˴˼Ϻ֪Էǵˣֿ֮£»Ϊؾĳ֧ӡ
ǶԷڽڣһֻ̻̲ĸо
ָоǾѪսóıѵǽھǻ֮һֶսƵһжϡ
쿴ΧؾĲãȻһжϡ
ȫע⣬ϳ嵱Уκ˲ڳͷ죬Ͻģôģûӵô
һ߳Ľ죬һɤţɤСǵ˳ĽġΪӵսУǴɤµʿ彫
һ߳Ľ죬ָӵʱ飬ʹ˸õķ
Բһϵ裬һֶ¹ذ֡
ˣֻҪʿٶ㹻죬ǿȺܶ˵ġһ˵ĻҲսͨԡ
ؽȻ֪Ϊʲô˵ְǷϽЭ췢
һСקеôôˣȥʲôˣô
ŭһ˸Ͻ˴͵ľеֻЯԼľеҴҶشӳͷϳ
󣬳ͷϾʣͳؽˡ
㻹ʲôȥ
ؽҲ˧ʲôְҪŴ˧
ڹ۲飬ʲô֣Ͻӹ۲顣ǽҲ
˭֪ؽϻӦְΪؽҪ˴˧ְҲûټˡ
ˣˣŲӿ㣿
˧Ҫˣǲ´˧ֻա
ûٴη𣬾˺䷢ڵ첻ϸ룬Ͼſȥſµͬʱһ߳ؽһߵڵء
䡭
һſڵڳǽϱըֱ͸һ㡣ը˰һ;еĴݻ٣ɽʯƬ𣬺ò׳ۡ
ؽһ֪Ϊʲôʿǳȥˣҿλͳ˧ƾԼжؾսʿ
򣬳ǽϵؾսʿ»ڿʼļըоʧһ롣Ͼϸ룬塣
֪ԼڻϽͰо˵ڲһ㣬û뵽ԷȻܹؾһƴȻô
۲һ£ڵøϽ뿪ս
챧ؽһ˳ǽϵݵ֮ɽ첻ֻñֵ˳ݵŹȥ
˳ǽ£Ȼҵؽ壬Ȼһؽ
Сӣͦģ֪˾£ܹķӦţ㹻ˡιôˣװ
òˣǰһλؽģϽһ飬ĵλãɽĲ֪ĶһڴĿӡ
ѪѾĲˡ
еսʿ׷ǰƴҪԼĽٴλλѾԶ˿ˡ

һȺսʿվҪ塣
վסһȣһסĳڣҪʲô
ߵսʿͨ죬Ȼǳȥˣ
һɤӣõսʿͬҶ฽ͣһҪȥ
ôĸʵ㣡һתͷĲһѾµ飬תͷŭǵĽѾˣѵҪϸ˵ôıըǸűһô
嶯ʱ򣬾ǹɳ嶯ͷļ֮ڡ
Ļսʿһ侲ǻѪսʿ˭֪ҵıըζʲô
ټƽߣսʿҲ嶯ռࡣ
ЩˣѾһֵܵˣΪڻҶġеκһ˶𣡿ɱǳȥԼȥԼĳ嶯򵥣
˵ͣһ£սʿǿԼԵһ档
ǸˣҲĳ嶯սΪͳ˧ֵֻܱѪֻ
ݺݵһ۾ⲻǷŭǰɻȥ
ţһͣϳ壬Ǹĵڶ߳ˣȺ
սʿĬϺִ
սʿᣬ׷ʰԼװĬĬȺڻֹͣ
һͣ챳ؽʬ壬سսʿڶ߳ȥ
жǷǳȷģͼǵͬǽʮɰըΪƽأϾҪе沿ӵĸ£زסġ
ؾıˣǱ˷쳣ڸؾĽУûôȡơؾڣؾ̬ľеװԶҹӻ֮ȥجΡ
ڣһз·ȫҪΪʷˡ
ڳػĴ£ؾĳǽͬǲһըôһӣ㹻沿ǰˡ
ۼ˸ڵҲɵе㱬˼ԼôĸװҲʷһҹ׸д
뵽ǰ沿ӳ峡ʮк󲿶ӸͬʱӪϣƶǽλͣ£ԱͼǵĿԴ
Ƶָûģû뵽ǣ󲿶ӵĵн岿ƽĸ裬һ˫Ѫ۾סˡ


992 
ûѡó飬Լǰأڵڶߵһߵϣϸ۲ŶԷж
һ£˵ڶڶߣеսʿȫ뵽ڶߺĽݵ㣬κ˲׼ͷӶս飬һ֣ս۴
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Ⲣûûһ;սܿۡ
Ҳû취˧һ£µһĸȥսϵر˵ǷǳΣյģϣʵ۱ܹһ¡
ǱߣȻȫȨ죬ҲǲսˡԼһϵͳϵͳÿʱÿ̰սϸ㱨
ĺе㿴İţĵ£˵˻̫͵Ļ߷޿ɺǵġڶ߷زκͻسе㿴ˡ
һ˵½Լ뷨ϾٵһߵģսİӦñǿҪҪԶǾ仰һԼɡ
䣬˵ǰнսϡ
ĺЩ˼飬սֻ챨ģǲ赲ģô£
һ£˴˵
һ٣ĺͺ˵Լ⡣˵ԼԼ˾⣬ʵ۱˵սϵ˧죬ηս˲˼սԵϣʵ۱ܹһ¡
ɫ䣬ȵˣ£
һӾͰٸסˡ
ŭѺǰ̵úúôҲҹܺˣʱȻ˱ҴС棬죬Һջͳ˧ôģ
Ѻ˾٣ĺ˵£Щװɣѻ㱨͵ǰⲻǡ
ˣѵøĺͷ𣬡̴򲻺ãȻ׷ΣɱͷҲãְҲãǶǴ̵¡ڴ̹У˭Ҳܸ˧Ųһ˼Ļ⻹Ǿôľӻսô
Ľ죬ҲһⰡĺͻǾЩ֡
Լ̬ЩˣͣĺͣȲƱ岻Ʋưпܣһỵľİ룬Ҫַ˴˧С棬˭˧ô
ĺˣͷʥΪȫ֣ǵ档
ĺ˵ļ϶Ѿ˴ǰת
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ͷӹͼΧȻûκεĵֿĲڳǽͣ£ڼǰڳǽһ߸͡
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ƶؾ˽⣬϶ؾ϶˶ûзӦͼǵͳ˧죬Ҳλɷǣ˭س˿һ㷴ӦûС
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˧һ£澫ӣȫִС
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ʱ򣬰ԼΪǶԷΪǷǳµġͷڵݵͦǵ뷨Ӧġ
һжؾսʿٴγݵ㣬롣
ͷ壬˭Ҳٶ˧˵ˣҲȥˡ˧˵ɶɶȥˡ
еʱγɵģҹͷӣڸտʼӴݵʱ򣬻Сȿеľݵ㶼һ˵ʱ򣬲ķſˣƮƮȻˡе㽣ͼǣǮŮˡ
ӦĶԲߣԼеλú֧顣
ֻǧ˵ı滨Сӣһֻǧ˵ı滨ڵĻжӡʣµģǸһжĽսӡ
ֺ˶飬뵽ָλãһжҪκ˲ж
ڸֱ뵽ָλõʱ򣬵оͷֺ˹
ûжΣκεĹֱܶһѸϼϰգЩզզ뵽µķȦС
һĴһֱǰߣܹͨͼǵĸرԵҲΪˣĵ·ʮֿ߶ܼ񷿡
ͼǵĽԤУһս£һֱľҪ︹أլǿյġ
ҪľλãΪ˵ڳϵͣɲʵڻԹ̫յ룬Ȼһս
ΧĽȡ˵ڵû뵽˵ͷӾȻôûڻڻ¾͹¾룬ⷴʹս򵥻ˡ
ҵĵͷӣûж񷿽峡ʹҡŵ·Һн
ͷգۼڷԱƤ¹һ룬췢˹
ɲǼ䣬ı滨Сȿ𡣿һĵ꣬˲ѵ˵ͷضϡ
ţСŵǰķҲСӶźĵ
ƺڼʹҹӵĻˮƽһΣ˽ı滨ǵֵסҹսʿһ£һ˲䣬мǧ˵
Ǹģոջһͷӣ̵˾ΥʹζҲתһĽɫ
ںĲӻҺܣǰĲӾ͵ùˣܲ͸ĵĻǰǻһؾ
֮˳һɵսͱ滨ڵĻжӡ
ʿ䣬ȵָȥסӴ֮УǵڸӸɵ


993 һǰ
𣡺𣡺
´˽Ⱥͱһӻʿžͳ˳ȥ
ؾһֱټͷӱͻȻĹƣĿ־ֱӱ˳Ƕʧ֮ǰĶ־
ɱٴݡ
ؾսʿŭţԶ̹еϵŶĻ棬ҵĵоնɱ
һǿ׷һǻӴܣ˫ľ뱻ٵš
ܿ죬ؾսʿչ˰ս
ؾսʿͬһݺݵײ˵м䣬ÿһؾսʿΪǣɱԵÿһˡ
һΣؾսʿ˫ͨ죬ÿһλӿڵ˵һ˺ۡ
ؾˣ
е뵽ģʵΪؾ
ѵΪѹŴôһʱ𣿿²ô򵥰ɣ
֪һڵĹͰǽըˣֽűѹűһӻûطںòץס˻ᣬȻ׷֡
ɱɱ
Ϊ𣡡
ɱɾˣ

ÿһؾսʿŭţѪڹеķŭ
˿ʼзģϾװǳֻҪܹסһĹǾз
ʵվ̫пˣڳסһ󣬷Ѿ˷ؾսʿЩͬħһɱ
˵ĲˣˣѾûսŵжôǿ
ʱ򣬵о˻ţסģȴûôԼܵʿźˡ
ˣˣӿˣо֪ԼǻˣȴĽǼΪĳͷ
ɱǵڣ󷽣һɤӺ˳ֱЩɱ˵ؾսʿԼ
ԣɵڣɵɱڣɱˣɵڣ
һ˲䣬ڵоеؾսʿԶм俿£γһѷĵУٵǰƽš
ͻ٣󷽵ؾҲϣŶһնɱһͻ
ܿ죬͵ĵطʿһԼת˹ķ˸Զĺ󷽡
˻ҽеÿһζдĵ˵£ؾսʿûȺ֮С
һ̵ɣÿһսʿѪѾ֪ʲôֻ֪ɱУֻ֪ƻԷڣ
о󷽣Ѿɵˣû뵽һ˳ĽչȻʱնϣ
ͷؾһ֮ɾʱƵĶˡ֪ؾΪλôˣǿ֮⣬оξֶΡ
ʲôʱؾӽ֪ǰǻӣҲ޷˵ȥΪ֪ԼĽǲǰװġ
һܹʤ𣿡̾Ϣһԭıһöҡˡ
һƸæ״̬ɤӾͺͣס˭ڳһնɱ
Ƶһ˲ٵЧ⻹ֱӰߵִӶ˳ȥ
أƵľûôǱӴˣһ߷һܡ
ʱƺȻ֮ǰһɤӣҪƻڣ
ڿؾļѾ嵽˲Զŵɫ԰ףæÿ·ڿ뿪սʩչ
˾ˣȱľʿЩڶǾƵģɲ˵оеġЩ𻵵ˣڶʱڸ޷䣬ʱֻ뵽֮С
ƵĻʿǷ׷壬ڳʼܡ
ʿֻҪǵ˺󷽣֧ڳȴǵĽһķй
ؾߣѾ嵽ǰˣÿһιܹλ˵
壡㣬Ⱥˣ𰡣һɤӿνȼյĻϽһŨͣ
໡
ЩЩƣؾʿٴλħϵسɱϵǰ
ӣס˾ĵĵоٴαҪĿ롣Ѿ֪һǾԲʤΪؾսʿˣһȺӣһȺҪķӣ
һͬһ㱻նɱؾսʿ֮Ѫɺӡ
ۿڳԽԽԶļˣ֮ԱѹƵôңΪڣҪǲŪˣٰᰡ
ôģ̲סˣһȻֱԾ
ǿ׳ڰзţֱӳڶʿİӣһϣֻܹһ߷һ䡣
¡
ص䵽ϣֱһʿһŭŵΧʿǷӳֻһ˵ʱѾһʬ塣
Ĵ죬󷽵ؾʿ׷Ч£һֻֻɵڵоϿտƽš
ԽԽؾʿַʽǰÿһؾʿһը䵽͵ըһ߾ʬ塣
ȻҲвٵؾʿôãӻûصʱͱɸӣĲˡɾѾˣǵҲǶŵˣǵҲصҵһˡ
񱩣Ѫ
ÿһؾʿĽŲնɱһһĵˡ
ڣһڳߣĴ󵶿˵һڳʱмλʵǿΧ
ɱɱں󷽸ЩҲ޷еʱֱڿն𣬻һֱ
죬Ƹߺһע˹
˭룬ѹͲԿӲϵȺ֮ţȻѧļ֣
ģֵľ͸ӲӲһƼɤӶˣ˼ƫƫƵģһߣһȥƻڳ
ûãڳͱٵ߰˸
ʱؾսʿˣѧӣصڳϱߡ
в˵ʵǿѧҲλֱӱҵˣǰһ̣Ҳе׷ɣֱڳȥ
ҵһսڽ뵽˸߳
󷽵ؾսʿսţѾܵڳֻ֮÷ڣ½뵽ӵʿС
ģģ첱Ӵ֣Ҳ֪ЩѾûоˡ
֮£Ƶͺһٴڿնֱ󷽶ȥ
ں󷽣ƻһЩֶΣ֮ǰ뵽鷢׼
ˣֵǣɱʹ죡۾⣬뿪һɲǣͷˡ
һɤ˵ܸˣвٵʿֱӶڵϣͶˣ
ɱɱ𣡡
ɱɱؾ޵У
ɱɱؾ޵У

˻һƬؾսڳˣͬһ֧ȺĶǣɱÿһ·ߡ
ǣЩѾڵͶʿǶȥһߵǻԹȥ㱳ʲôġ
䡭
һڻٻˣըˣһ̣ǵʹ
ɱһҪʣ£ܺ˵ĺؾͷңܶɱͶɱ
õķӾֱһԵĽɱˣû˾ģǾһȺȴɱĸ
䣡
һڱٵŽ군ˣɲ˻ţ
һŭ֧ؾǰѪ˫ͨ죬ﺰŵֻһ֡ɱ


994 Գ
ؾսʿеŭ𣬳׵ıɱ֮󣬸Ͳ˼ʲôˡۿųɢңѹȥǲУ
ֶΣôģǰĶӣôĸӷ㣬ģҼӿٶȣУжأ죬ѹȥ
ĴɤٴЧǰͻǰλõսʿнļ˹ٶȣؾսʿϸȥγɼЧ
жӸΪ˴󲿶ӾǰԼֵȻռϷ磬е˵Ĵ󲿶ӣһסţпսʽϾͻת
սϵĲɱκϵĶȫûˡֻķ򣬸ɵˣԼܹȥʤ˸ɵˣǾʧܡ
ʱָԱʵʱܰѵ˴ˣ¸ңսƵı仯Ӧĵı
ͬʱҲǿʱˣǳȺޣڷսʱܲܰԼʱƵָչֳӶʵּսƣǸĶڼʶ֡
ƾ˶ݵĻ֮󣬾۲죬ؾ࣬һܹõ㰡£һʿؾ·ϰ˷͡
վˣҲҪ£ؾĻһˣǿôˣֻҪסؾЩǲʰġסҪäŵоǵǹײ
һ˵˧ذӵҲǵ˰ؾ쵽һԼ˾ܰԼ˳ɢ
ҧ˵ִȥ峡ֻҪЩϳģȫˡһȺûõĶ֮ã
ƴæк÷͵ʱһս۾ʱעսϵı仯˶Էͼ
湥ӣչڶӣ죬Ͻ뵽湥ӵĺ棬ֻҪǰֵܳڿ·
ؾƽѵصʱֳˡⶼƽѵĿĿһɨһֵۣ֪ܲҪĸϽб˶Ĺλø˺Ĳӡ
ûʲôطܱսʱʱʤˡ
ڶӵĶӳȫȻûƽֵܰı飬һɷһ㣬ŭȲƱٴεõ֣ıԵУƢκε˵̶Ч
ôģӿ㣡кͣװ׼Ӵ򣡡
ŨɫĽУû˻ɣû뵽Լܵ裬սһֻεľĻ
ڶսʿнɿվ˶ΣѵصزڣӳͬڶӳʱһööڵХŷ˳ȥ
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ڵӴܵĵзҵıըһڱըĵĵˣ˲仯˻ңŵΧĵˣǱ޴ĳ졣
ҵľǱڵȼЧմϵĵˣһ˻棬滹޷ôȷϨֻһ˻Ĳҽȥ
ڵѣЧǰҹȫˡ
ӣѹסٶȣôľ֪ǰ塣滨ӣôȳѹϣѹϣڶӵȥڶӵİȫעΣ
ļ϶ٴηһҲָ½ָй͡
սϣΪһͣͣԳ˶ݵĹɱʱˣǵĲҽҲ𽥼ֻҵĽŲһĽ
ؾսϸ£ǳ֮ߡؾɲҹľɫͽ񵽲֪ʲôð
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սУһҪѵеĳɹõʵսֳֻܹһ֧ӵʡƽսѪɲǰ˵ġ
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еˣԼؾײԼķͣû뵽ԷȻṵ̂ðսк侲ĵͣĹԼ
һʱ䣬˵뷨ƵԺл֮ȥ
ԱߵĸƵ֪սϵʽ˲Ϣ䣬ȵؾӴϣҪҲˡ
˧зʢְǳΪá
ƣΪһǵͳ˧ԲΪŭȥǲ򣬶Ҫʵʵ
ˣȥ֪ͨԤӣýӦĹͼʮλӪկ
ؾۿžҪ뵽ЧĹλˣû뵽Է׵ľϢģתˡ
׷ֹͣÿġ
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ˣͬ´˳˵
ؾصͼУս֣֮ؾսʿûжͼǽϷˣĶҲܵ˻ԵĴ
˵Ͽؾȡʤɷ±Ҳ˵Լʤߡ
ĺԳӭ죬쵥ϥڵأ£иУһսսĴ𷣡
˵Ҵ˽һ£һսҲֻǵ˫ʤ㲻ʲôȻǷʧأ޶ȱ֤սʿȫһҲǹûġ
Ͻ֣̿һЩ黹Ҫ²ģǻ̿
Цˣû뵽Ҳ˵秵ĻԼѧϰġ
첻˼˵Ǿʦ̵зô
ؾľɲ˻ǳƺĺΪʦǽĹ
ţýʦĻ˵㻹ûнݿؾĹٴͳǣսеʧҲǲԭµģ֪ôľɲǺиģΪҪʱʱôϲ¡
Ͽ˵Լǡһ죬ӦӦΪԼԭսʹ˳ɽƵĴƽ£˳Ƿٵغ𷣡
ȣ𷣾ͲҪˡ½Żٵĳǽ޲ðͷؾӦ죬Ӧǿҹսսϴͳôˣ֪ΪҵԭŻԥŻսһսͳ˧˵ѵ̫ͼô
һϯ˵࣬зȻгľеֻҪӦԵõǰСɲɧϮ飬Ӧܹ֡
ֻҪ˶Էĳǿ㣬һӦİ취
ȻϾҪڷźòֻܷҪڻûеʵλòȥЩڸͷӲӦе


995 Ľݱ
ϸϽҪΪͼǵ٣ԼؽΣֱӵ쵼Ρ
ΣҲжġ
ĺͼΣϽԲ£½Ѿ̽ܽѵˣһھ͹ȥ˰ɡô˵½֮սָӵõԱ˼СҲǽֹˡ£ǻǿЩٵĳǷôɡ
̾˵Ҳֻˣĺͣٳзδ˽ǣµǲ³ֵ޽ʱ䰡
ĺ͵ͷоܣɻǱв޽ǽһͷ۰Ҫǣɵ˲ǶʮҾ»ԴԴϵĵо߱ӿ
ͷʾϿĺ͵˵Բ⡣
ĺͣԨ۹ݣƷǳӣǰǲŸԼ෸ûãȻ顣飬һΪ˵ңεԭȴЩչĸ֮
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þû˵˺ð죬˵ʱһݶǱƳİ
仰̵ıģԨ۹ҹӣϷԶǵ۹ÿһӵƫƫǸԸݣȮ治һʰ
ǲԨ۹ҲͳһؾԨ۹λȴ޷ȫĸγѹԵơǵ۹ӣĵ̫ҲֻĬڵ״
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˵Ǹ޴ѹʱѹҲǸᡣ
пܻԨ۹ʹһ겻񣬴ӶʹͳһԨ۹Ϊܡ
ȻΣǲеġ˷ҹľҹϮͼǣ϶ǿүǸĹһү֪ͼǵ»нһĶ
үǸֻҪᣬһԨ۹ĸȫ˴ġ
ѹ治СǣҲǸܹѸнĴûᡣ
뵽˾ģĺͽейܰĺЩ顣
ͬʱǱߣѾ£סбܽͼʮλӪկһʧǰؾĽֽҪ˺ܶࡣ
ӪȫЯǰߵĸȫʧС飬ؾսûʲʧصʱ
ͳԱʱܵĸȻЩɫ˧ҹͼҹϮһսսˣаǧ˲֪٣ˡ
һüͷ˵˲ôԴϲɫΪ֮ô
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һôϾԨ۹еУûһܰؾƵϡ
һ£˵˵Ǹôϱ
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ֱ죬ʵȷʵûдĳ룬һսʿͱΪڻӪˣʧӪΪ˻еսҹϮҪɴˡ
ѵҪȥô
Ƶʮ־ᣬ˵ΪԥֻһϱжżҪĲο尡
ս˵˧ҵȿ룬үΪʲôͻȻ϶ӵȼԸңǵװôͻȻ֮ôⱳʲô²Ҵ⣬Ѿǳɶֵ顣
Ƴһ⣬ȷʵû뵽ġ
˵֪Щʲô
˧ãҪүսͼôϴ˵
ƶʱˣ⣬йǣû̫Զϸĥǹ죬ҹṆ̀ҲֱӶ˼ѵ
үԸ̫ᣬҲԼһҪܣսүڿүѹԼĵܵҲûҸߡ
һֱΪҹһϵ飬ҲеͿˣ治֪λ־ͷүôͻȻ֮ôֱʡ
㶼뵽ʲôҶֱ˵˰ɡĸͷۣ
˧ڿǸؾҪµˡǲܴʲôı棬ȥĽݱȥνһ棬ҪҰܣүͻԥԥǵȲ𰡡ͼĴһǻֻܴȥ
룬ֵãǾͰղŵ˵ݽݱȥɡ
ܿ죬ǰĽݱͨѶϱҹҹüֱҪӯôĽܹؾǰٵʧʤھȻнݱϲԿˡ
һҹϰϢ˿ү
үɲܺŪ˵ģҹĻ㱨üͷᵽһ
ǧѾص˿үߣүǧ죺ô


996 ̯Ƶ׼
ǧҲǴüͷһ˵үܾݽݱеֵֹζпսɡ
ҹһϽˣԲġͳĽ죬ҵĸսİܣ˻սǾԲġ
ǧ༥ȴүֹˡ
үЦҹĲӳսݣǿϲɺذģĹһϵģңҲǵҵĳŵܵʧһʮٱ㲹ġãȥһǰʿ˰ɡ
ҹߺǧʵүҹĻˣ
үһ˵ţǲǼˡжҲ֪ҹʮܳ䲻ɵҪǱԷסԷĻҹľӱذɡ
ǰүϱսϿڳڵĺ£ͼǸأӦüٲˣϾⶫһ۾Ϳˣ˭ҲѡӪ٣ʿԡѪս⻰ֵȶǱԷͻˣȻ֪ô˵
Щ飬ǾõġֻҪǴͨµ˶֪沿ӹиرԵӪһǰ沿Ӻ͵ڶݴεĲ֮䡣
նʮãǰ沿ӦڼڶݶӵӦʮңܵı£ӪȻˣԲе˲Żῴǿ϶Ǿ⵽شڶˣӢ±ڵսʿ
ǧ߷߲ƽүЦǧ죬Ҳôҹ¿еģȡõĳɼҲǲСġ
ǧȻЩŭ˵үѵǺǣ
Ҫǲ֪ǾǱˡ֪˵ƣôǱأڣͼǱݻ٣һƽһҹľҲǴһ˵᲻ͼݵأ
ǧȻ򣺡ү˼ǣҪͼ̬
ͼؾԨ۹ĺڣ岻һǳô򵥵ġҪǰѴѹȥڳǳ٣£ҲӦսġ
үȥ֪ͨӣϷԶЩϿɡ
ţҲӦôһˡһʤȷһߣֻҪܹǣľ㹻ˡǧ죬½Щ˴򽻵ҪΪǿѹǵҪʩװǻ룬Ѫġ
ǧӦһͨѶ絽˸֪ؾʮϵҹؾʵĸᡣ
Ѿǧô˭Ը˻ˮΪԼ͵λ˿ϰǧ㹻ľӣٿָĵص㡣
ǧ͵͵۲һЩӣϷĲӻЩӣԶľǼֱں֮ڡȲ˵ݾͣϷװҲ䲻ͳһеһףеһװϰմӡ
ߣһװĶ½װнͷӶ˵Ц
ǧԼ˿үͷ͵˱㡣
Цǧ죬û뵽һҡǰȥҹû뵽ţһҪš
үûɥһ˵ֻҪܰ˴˾ˡǧ죬ΪЩһôҪֵģľӣᱻ۸ô
ЦҲǣǴǰǵҪҪЩˡү˵ǴˣѵЩս
ȣһΪãװɣҹеװ룬ȰЩȫװսɡүҲеͷˣ⼸еץ񣬲ҲֻѼϼˡ
ǧеΪѵүҹôѪ㲻ϷҲܲ˰
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үεȻǲˣҪѲȥ˶ֻ࣬Ҫһʣµ˾ͻ߽⡣Ҳвǿİ취Ƿ¸Ķ飬ͻᱻ״ܣǲǵòʧء
۾һæʵүʲô㣿
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үԭİţҪǴ󷨣ͻΪĹֲܹۡһЩ⣬ҪʤҲôݵġ
ǲȡʤǻķ֡ˮЩҲöһˣ⣬ǻҪһ֧ܲӣôľӣȻл֮Ҳֻͽ̾κˡү˵ϲ޵ɫ
һ˵ܲӣүָǺһô
ǵģʱеĵƶóˡ˵Ѿϵ̫ˣһҲȥ
ͷүһ¾岽裬ȥ׼ȥˡ
ʱͼǣѩƬһĸսϸķӣϷԶӹԤϵġ
벻ͨǣЩҹĵ̾ȻͣᣬһֱûжԼԤ⣬ͼѾûκεϵƣүǼ֮Ӧ϶Լ𹥻ǣʲô˼
Ҫͼƴߵģ뷨ɲǸָӣҪ̵ͨĿǡ
ƵĴȻܹ˵˵һƱػƵ˵սԲ𣬴Ӷ޷ʵõͼǣһټսͼ
鱨ʾзڸ¼ǿսװҲǿػװȷʵܹӵս鱨ҲʾЩɢһҲûнֹľͣĲӣװؾҲһΰ
һֱĵľǸƼıĹƣүԨ۹ڱĵطҲӦóҪ֣γɱϵԸԼ
ɶԷıǳٳٲ䣬ʮĴѵүþͿʮں֮ڣܹԼ
Ԩ۹ؾıѾʲôܣǲ̽飬Ҳϲ²òࡣүӦܹƵͼܹʮʮıѵɵɵɳͬıԼ
үµӡʮ̣Ϊıˡţһиε塣
뵽ĺͽйĺЭ鱨ţѴԱȥֻҪܹʱںżӵĵطֵѣҪܵļӡ
֮ĲУ֮Ĳޡ
ʱ򣬵˲£Ҫӵͱһӣǲߵ顣


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ĺͽӵҵЭͬؾ鱨ţѺ̽˳ȥ
ճһǲĺԱģ⣬ҪԱؾһʱ鲻ô鱨ԱֻʱһЩԱ
ԱɲġԱȱҪоӵҲϲŮɫ֮áһ㣬ͱҪĺͰѹأΪӿûоȥ˲Щ顣
⣬Ԩ۹ڵĸؾ½׼ֻҪ׼ϣͻͨ͵ͼǣĺȻĹ٣ɳأʹӦЩ飬ٲҪĺЭ̡
ͼæȻ죬үƵҹǰҲڵĿѪ˫ۿҪһսȴһƬƽӡ˭֪Ǳǰݵһƣǽʯ쾪Ĳҳ档
үƻǺеģΪҪ˼ڵսϣڿүϡЩ罵֮϶гޱȵġ
ǧâŭ̵ӡ˵Уټ֮ȣܹʶ˵ĳһһɿүĳû¶棬ֱһĲ
沿ȡսռĶԾȴͿүˡ˼ؾʧȥԨ۹Ҳû⡣ľϼмǧǾԲشġ
Ҳһ㣬үץסˣͨĲϾϾȥӦ罵֮˵İ취
˿̳ܵѹǾ޴ģپܾƵһؾҹĶԿһսˡ
Ҳ޿κεѡΪƣжӣԶϷĳɧţ۵ӸһɧţǼȫ㶨
ϣľǶԷϿƼͼ£ܹѸٰðѾͶ뵽Ըү׼ȥɶԷٳٲδЩˡ
Ľ꣬һֱ˰¡
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鱨ŵĹֵóƵģ׼ȷжϢݻһЩϸҲú
еװȫͳһʽֻľװɫвͬӵľǺɫװԶľװǻɫװϷľװɫװ
⣬ǸĹеҲвľǳڡһͼǳԿͳԿ棬˲˵ƶǳ
⣬鱨ŶսսǿģӦҹͶӵľӡϷ֮ľԶĲӣϵеģǻװҲѸһĲçɡ
սãĺͺôġ
֮˵£ؾϴͳӦԷսһжҲûرõĺӦȫԳŶԷоĹһսģʵʩԴȻٸƣܻȫʤ
Ц½ǣزǰ뻯ˣøһǰʵȻ
΢΢һ˵£Ҳ˼
ЦԷһĻпܻ˵ЩͬûͳһָӡͻȻݻһʣµľͻӣ̲٣ʵȴǸ顣
ˣʵ£Ǻܺô˵ˣýͼ֮Χ
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ŻȻԭôģ湻ڵˣҪҾ벻һӰȫɵ
˴Ц˵ʵǺðյģڸԷսеıƱػᱻǣԷкܶǱؾû¶ͷʱҪбĶǷֱֲȥ
ĺЦǱʲôôѾˡ
Цʲôð취ǱˮôеϣǶϤԷʵԷҲ֪ǵĵϸǴ¡ĺͣǵ۹ʮʱ
˵˼һ¡Σ˵ĺͣмʮıҪ㹻ء
ĺЦ֪ҪԤˮǸô
һ˵ǰûĵˣûѣֻ档ʱѣȷŵ˸ҪסֻҪǸ춯ϵӣһ뵽ָλãԷв죬ʹ
ĺ͸ҪӦȴȻ˿ڣǰָӵȨȫ·ŵָԱϰɡͳ죬һٻȨСֻҪ첻ԣʱйʾ㱨
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µֻһͳԺǿս嵽ĺ͵ϣɾ˶ޱȵĹˡ
˵ҪеͼǵľÿһľӲеľӵʹӦЭָӣҪʵʵһҪ׼ʮԤӣָԱԤ
ĺͱֻжʮĵһ㲻ɡΪԨ۹ǵ۹֮ɲܹġΪӾϿǣȻǴıԱشʡ
ЩؾҲԼıְģЩһǣĴϴƣĺͲҪЭ񣬶һҪЭͳ˧ʵַȱʧͬʱҪԤԴмأʱϣҪпٷӦĻƣȹЧĴװá
æòɿͬвšĵľͼǶȡĹ̬ơͼķĽ㣬еһжΧչġطǾԲְ©ġ
˼죬ҹɵڱͼˡԷԶͼǵ㣬ûгǽϵͼ
һأѡԵͼǵǶϱڣ۲зĶ̬
жȻЩҵ࣬ԷܹԤС
ɫװҹͺɫװĶӲŵмλáɫװԶŵɫװϷŵ


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һ˵кģɶԷڳȴǰҰػĳƵǰصһߡм֧Ӷǵ沿ǰػװ
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󷨣ؾǰǵʱҲʹù󷨷ǳϤ̹ľ֮ںöԷϵȱݣԼǿʵЧӳ
ڵͼ˵տأԷץס㣬ǰžĳߡ
ͼؾԵ˵ĳ߽лѹƣô˵ھͻԱ¶ؾʵзѹơ
ƴսнؾӦôӳʵе沿ӷͻϮʱ򣬽̹ͻسӪ¶ؾĳʵлѹƣ˵ͻ沿Ӵǳء
սͨȷϣԶ̺͵ֹн幥ͨʹһӦ
ſţ˻ĵ΢Ц̹ⶼؾʣµĶԷȻáеŪ˼ˡ
ʱϹ˵£ѾںͣҪйˡ»عʿҲ÷һ
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˵ϣ컹˵ʲôأһأˣ»ع
ЦŸ죬صԼй
Ϊʹʹһ̣û뵽ʵ۱¾ȻսԿǡ͹ɣƫƫԷں˼ƣǳٳٲ
Գ˵ͨǷһѹ޴ϣһ㹥ͼͷȫˣ۰Ͱ͵ŵ˽ɶԷûа㶯
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̹ǺؾʹõĹҲЩ㣬ǾЭͬս⡣
淢𹥻ʱΪȷĳ㹻ǿڻڻɲڻ𸲸ǡڻѹƵʱ򣬲𹥻Ҫʱķǳ׼ȷ
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ɶЩүɺãھȻ£ӺҹĲӶѾװˣֵܲӻ͡
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ԶĲӣں֮ڣɽկ˳ưһĲϡЩ˶Ǵҽģٹ̵ľɢûоӵЭͳһʡ
ЩʹùľеҲЩСͻڵˮ׼ҲûôԶҪĵطھлʹӢεһף˭ҲܶףǲԼĹϽΧָֻһ
˼ҲԸ⣬Ҫȭͷһһ磬Ϲָжȹˡ
˰ЩүǾȻȫһߣȥԷȥˣѸ￴۶ֱˣûȥЩĳڡ
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⻹Ǿô⻹սô⵹ǹҼңͲǹ̵ģ
һʱ䣬춼ĳ嶯һľװȴɽɡ
սĽǶȣӦɳһ֧СӣֻҪǧ˾ܰЩɽÿ޵ԸҪսԵĽǶȴһ̣Ҳֻ÷뷨
һӵ½죬򲻿ɵģϷԷҹս͵Ϯ
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һʣϷĲڽڻѹƣĳ沿ܹԱѾʶһڻڻٳȥǸʲôǾ͸Ͻ´˳˵
־磬쳣ʷʫսȻ־翪
ʵ̲סˣָԶĲӴǻôľô̴ʲô֣ϽӹԶ㣡
Աļ£Űק˵ϡ̵ľ˴ǳе飬ָԷģǿٵذС
ŭɣ߸ǳ졣ưԶڿʼŮȫʺˡ
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ϱһҪϱˣͳͳȥûˣʱɱûؾŪѸˡƼɤӣ޷йеŭ
־ĵһսٴҹҹֱ׳ȥҿүȥˡ


999 
ҹΪүشȴû뵽үԤϵһ˵˾䣺֪ˣͰҹˡ
ҹˣǧڱɫˣүԶҲֵ̫ˡѵ̵
ǳһ㣬һȰοǧһ˵ǧ죬ôүҾǲǿ˰
ǧƿ˵ү˵սܱǾԲᱻġ룬ǰɶĶӰ죿ŭĻ˭Ҳס࣬ô
үȻ̾ǰģǧ㱨ԶʱҾ͵ЩһֳʲôЦǻǲҵȻֳһôЦ
ҲڳҲ߿ˮţɵÿЦ˵ʲôˣѾֳˣôƺ󰡣
үȻЦߵȻڣЩе顣ǲǱߵķӦеǵô
ǧһϸһ£Ͼ쵽ˡ
ǰؾþɳսǳǿҼưʱ©ôûʱһٻأǧ˵Լʡ
үһϧı鸡ǵ֣űǻҪҰİ
ʵүЩʵʵڵĵˣ˾ʤڵʲôôʲôͼ
һݣүƶ˵̣Щˣǻֹ֯ȥɧʱòӦԣֹɧţͰЩ˷ڽǰ˵Ѿôˣѵô
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һվɣΪάǰսɣԶҪı̬㹻ǲƽϢԹԶӪӾٵʿȫնʾڣĵĻǾͰͷĲӵС
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ү⺣һԹչǱ͸г𣬶Ҷرģǲ㶯ġѾں߼ͲһͿͶսˡ
ǺǣүϵЦչˣԼǹӣԶǻԼĵģǶˣϢҹط
үָָ˵ͼϵһλãȥүָˡ
ͼߵؾǿˡ
˷һڻֲֻӻȥѾЦƶƤˣɸǾȵ鷢ˣԶľУٵͷ£ԶĲʾڣȻֵʾڡ
Ҫ˵սɣ˭⣬Ҳĳ棬һ˵شļ⣬ֻҪӦľٿ˾ˣһӴˣǺܲġǼͶ飬һǲġ
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һصĹеģˣڳڻڻ£ӵĲӺҹĲչ˵
Ȼ֤漣ʱ̵ˣս̹Ԥݣȵ湥ӹָλõʱڻڻӦֹͣԷԼ˳档
ԶӪȴǽŵҪɱ˼˵ӰһֱٵͷϣλֹעԼ˱ˣ˵ʱҪֹͣڻ
ĵ沿ӹԼڻ𸲸ǵʱûؾʰǣԼҵڻͰѳ沿Ӹÿ޵
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ţȰ⣬ƴûõ˧ôңеļǱᵽˡ
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ҹͶӶˣҪʲôԼľ񲿶ӾȻԼ˲٣ȥûؾҪԼˡ̣ʵûȥˣ
ҹ³ʣͨͨѶĸ״֮һ㣬û˽ˡ
ѹҲһζʹá
ү֪ҹͶӵѪߣүֻȰ⣬ʾһᲹǵʧȰסλ
ҪտүƢֱӰԶϹˡ˰죬үѻǿѹǧֱȥԶľԶŪ
žһԶǧݺ˿үǰԶﻹ˵ԼʹϽԿүſͷ
ˣλˣҿʲôûǲҪʲôҿǺ޶ȫִ˰ˣλˣҶǵģؿɼΪƾԶԼĻӣԼ֪ĳȫˡ
ˣǧһԶŵֱˡ
үĲ֪˵ʲôˣλçүôô̲ࡣǻۼλҲڰ
ǰ߷һ㽲Զ˵үΪĲֳЦڼҪƴˣ˵ô죿
ԶŴͣȴ֪ôش𣬿ʢŭĿүˣĵԼСλãʲôҪˡ
ȶ˺ðԶסҪɤ۵ģС˵λˣҪٰѰ²˶ɱˣ
үеһ󱯰ôһλأѵ첻۾ŪһĲݰ̨湻ĵģڻɱƽ££Ҳһֱ
ˣѾɱôˣɱĻؾǻЦġӪɱ˾ˣӪʿֵûԣֻҪӺҹ⸶ǲûˡ
Զһ죬ɥı鰡ԾŲװԶӺҹѪθڣ׵ǲݵġ
ۺȵô㻹ô
ûûûλˣܲܰæ˵ûոλãʵûжٻ
ǧЦɲˣսֳô飬꣬Ϊ׾ɻôͻѪҲ᲻û͵˼ҿ۰ɡ
Զ׾ˣ·𿴵ӺҹŴ󵶵ȥ̸⳥ء


1000 Եĵط
ڿүĬ£ӺҹʹԶһ۵Ǯʲ㣬ĵҲʹı¡
Լ˵ĽѵүҲҴˡ
˵ЩǵһߣٶϧҲô
ȫǿѹڽսһĪֻŵǿǷǳֵ顣
ӱ䣬пܳ֡һˣǾǻԭ֮ƣס
˰죬үҹһЩḻľȥЭԶľָӣǿһԶӵָԱʡ
£ָҹʨӴ󿪿ڵĻᣬûǮҪ˰ѺǷõҲС֮ҹ˵һֻҪԶĶûġ
һҵĵۻۣ󷽵ĴڴЭ飬ʵʵǰеʱֹȥ졣үǵڸЭأͰͳ˧ͷθƣͳȫ֡
ҲѵãؾûзˡһȥǰߵսӶЩ˼иˡǴ̰е۹εһ㡣
òװԶǱߵľӸںˣмҹӺͶӵľµӵʿԸгս
ɺ֣ܳǾԼ̲Լδ̫ԩˡ
ٲգһ˴ģĻսȻڵĸС̷ƼۼǮһĽǱЩӰ˵£͸ڸ
ȵֽսһ£ڽûȥ۵ˡ
ƣһӹ˾ǰʱƲûԹΣ֣ôľ棬ƶ֪Ӧˡ
ۿڽԾԼƶ˽·ҲûҪôҲʵ淴ӳˡָĲӴʤ̣ҲΪѡ
ȻǾԱʵΪһĿģҪ԰۾ͽ򲻴Ǿ˵ˡҲŬľʵûܰǾ£һ𣬱ִǾллˡ
ǽ̹󣬻ǸйֻӦĵ沿ȥܼ֮ͱӱɢͳӣڽʱǰҪһӵ˵ҪĲ˾ܡ
ĳھͲİˣҪؾʵʩػϵĴڵؽʡɾÿսƶѾˡ
Ҿڵڻ£ͼǷ˲ϵĳ湥ս쳣ңأҵǲȻͼǽвϵĹ
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һƭһսÿ춨ʱ㱨ҹҹְս㱨үһ漫ԼµӢ£һֱԹսʵ̫ˡ
ÿʱ򣬿үǰһȻǿտڳŵһ£һжģֻҪͼǣɱǽõٱĲġ
սһȥ˫ϼһٶĲ𣬳˰ںĵطըһֲĴ֮⣬ȻԱ
еסˣսִеָӹ٣ڳʱǲܲԤսԾߴ̵ġ
Ƶʮ죬챻ĽʿֵòᡣؾûңһȺ±Ӳĵ֣Ȼÿ춼ںʵûˡ
Ҫȥתһ£ȴĺ¡ĺһպӣ쳣ָеһжҪȫ֣жʲôѣҪڴ֡
һѵ⣬˵ûƢߵߣ˵ְҲǷ
ֻûȥר÷ķѴеûõڣؾΪʲôͲûĵ¸Էأ
ʱѾȫû˼ԸүˣܾЦĹεġ
ͼǹؼ㣬ɾԵ¼δؾͻᷢڶ鱨ҪѾ˽ƫִˡҪԼԼǳʲô״̬˯ˣֻҪ鱨͵ϾҪѳ
ھµͼϿȥ鱨ʾͼ鱨Աÿһʱ͸һ鱨Щܹʱż󲿶ӵĸɶڼ֮°ȫûжɾеˡ
үЩӷͼ⣬ѵǶԼôӦòǵģôʲôĿأ
ԴеˣҲûüĿ
ɻУ죬ǵ۹Ԩ۹ĵطϢˮ巽жԺż˶ʮǳԨ۹ķ£
Ԥģִеĺ͡
ĺ˽Ԥǵ۹ڵĶʮ׼õؾͨʹ͵˹ؼ·λϡ
ˮĴҪԨ۹·Ǳؾ֮·ĺѾؾ죬ʰغ·˭ֻҪĻ죬ɱۡ
ŵͼһʱ뵽˳˼С뵽ֵĿܣǸ㲻үʱЩӹʲô
·ϵؾϱս˵ѾͨˮĴؾ·Χʮķλ¾ߣ֪ԷֻҪԽߣͻɱۡ
ˮĴҲʮ֪ȤھؾʮλϰӪկؾңңԣȲҲ
ԣ
ĪΣָͷүҹӦָƣˮҲӦԤС
ɿүпûõĹпɲΪ˹ô򵥵ˡ
뵽˿үܻЩԼעЩʲôأϾؾ޷ʵЧɱˣж㲻ϡ
ȵȣУ
־ѵĸоڵͼϸ۲죬ڷЩԾĵط
ĺͣĺͣе
ĺ͸Ͻ޹⽻ģĺͱҪʱĺԾֱס档
£ʲôԸĺ͸æ˵
ĺͣϵ鱨ʲô©ĵطô
ĺ;ûа£ô뷨أǲʲô
صͷĺͣ鱨֮ǰе鱨㶼Ŀˡѵû֣鱨ȫˮ춯㱨һط鱨ȴȱô
ĺͳһϸԼĹ鱨Ȼ˵£˵йںһ鱨ûϱǲǣ
йںһ鱨һ£Ǹ鱨Աûʧ쳣оԽǿˣһǱҹҪͷۣȺûϢ̫ˡ


1001 ǵ
ĺʶԣϽȥһн·ϵ鱨Сȡϵе鱨С鸺ԱͨͨѶĺͻ㱨ΪһȽ⣬鱨ⷽ鱨ʮУҲԲ飬Ŀǰδ䶯
ĺҲеǿҵĲ
ʱİҲδǿµģΪѡսǲսǱôһȺĵˣǿΣյĶʱը׼ʲôʱĹ
ĺͰǸ鱨С鶼һ飬õĻشǧƪһɵģûκεķ֣ÿС鶼ɳררŶһȺĶ򣬵ܿϧ˴ûջ
صͨѶģĺϰ㱨
ˣüͷ۾ֶԨ۹ĵͼϡ
ĺͣҲôʵ
ĺ͹£еʱ򣬳رһ岻ͬ½ϵȺǿˮɳƸģڸϣ˲ļӡҪǺһˮнĻǵѱܿǼԱ۾
ͷ˵ĺͣһǾԲỳɵġ룬һսǳǿڿүһ࣬ѾôˣΪʲôûкһĳأ
ĺͺ˵£ǰⲻϳǺһΪԷƣ֣ôҲЩ˿ôӴ֮£ûٵı¶ѵıˣ
˫Ŀӿһ˿ĹâԣҸоһѾжˣҿܶǹвֻڻûбֳˡ
ĺͶʱ˵£ڶǲ²⣬֪һǺãҪҪټ֣עһĶ򣿡
ҡͷûҪˣǵ鱨ԱǾҵҵԼıְټ֣޲һԷע⣬ҪǶԷչƣǾ͵òʧˡ
˵ָŵͼ˵ĺͣʱȥĺһôߵģһܹͻȻ֣˵ǵĿ
ĺһʶ˵ⲻܰҪͻȻ֣пܵľǽ͵Ĵ󣬿ҪĴǶ᲻ǵ鱨ԱϤ
Цĺͣڲȥۿɲܣ˵Է֮Ŀ
ĺͿͼָһλã£һܹڸͼֱߵķϣӦ
һλã̾˵뵽һȥˣǣУڸһߣɶԨ۹ؾ˵ȴһս̰档ͨֱܹвؾʹ·ǷǳҪİ
ĺüͷ˵£ǴҿƷΧͻǰһ滷ɽֻһ·ֱᶫѹڱ˵ûж˿ڣҲѷʮѴΪȷҾ紫رһ£ֻ¡
ǺǣĺͰնһǱҴɡǰʱҲûõ˵Ϯʤ뷨ҪõİؾҪǿ裬һ£ؾĴʹ·ƻǷǳصġ
ĺЩ˼ˣΪ˵ЩһʵΪλߣǲӦ˼ġ
֮ĺǵؾֽŷǣǵؾƾôϵҲ޷ϵˡ
ĺϰһ˻㱨ûҲûоţϴӵͼָһطĺͣ죬߷Ĳϵһ£û쳣
ĺͲҵҲȥˣֱǰ߷ؾϵ
ҵǣ߷ؾͨͨѶġ
ĺָĿǰȷǣǵؾشıʣ޴֪߷ؾһսĹͬʱǷ̽ǵ
ͨѶģĺɿ߷ٶˣؾĴ紫·ͳױ¶ڵ˵ǰʹƻƱػᵼؾԶͶŲӣٴʵƵȻ޴档
ؾ˵ֱǸ֮֡
ĺͷ֣üëšһҲֳδйɫ
£ʲô߷Ǿ֮أҾ˾裬ǲʲôġǵϵϣҲδؾǳ̫⣬ʲô飬߷ؾġ
üëһ˵У̫죬ҵԹȥǵûô򵥡ĺͣ룬ؾͻô㱨ʱ䶼ûУͨѶʩܵ˴ɳ˸߷ؾȡϵɣһҪԹȥ
˵꣬ĺҪЭغͼǣǸս˼룬ֻҪ˹ͼǣʱȸǺšɵһй˼ʹ
ˣ߳ʹ߷ķ
ûо߷ؾڸ䡣ѭ߷תһȦȷû쳣תǵķȥ
߷岻ʮ·̣ܿ͵ǵıԵϸ˵һĹȹȵأｨǣȫΪȺɽпһͨԨ۹Ľݾ
һɽǿ;Уϱ任Ƕȹ۲֣һƬţûлϢһĵط
̽һԴɽֱǵĳš
ֻţһǶţһţĵطǿɽû³ŵ塣
Ŷûκεʿأ˳ų߽ǡ
ڵľһΪӳģؾսʿʬ壬һЩ̷ʬ塣
ǰһ£Щʬ˶½õľеһЩϡŹֵ˺ۡ
ңʬϣܹŵһŨصζζʵ̫ϤˣǺһеζһսУζѾԺˡ
Ҳ԰ǺһˣؾսʿҲֵĻᶼûаϸؾսʿʬ壬дԻҩдļ
ҩǴأҪ˵һҩпԭģôսʿԷ˵ȥ
Уֻһ·ס˶ţһô뵽ֵأ
ת飬еؾսʿʬжϣЩսʿʱ䲢ô̵ʱһǴĶ˳ȥأ
Ȼ뵽һ취˷ӣȡ׷ٵİ취ܹЧ
ӴָУóһҩۣҩ۶ˮеκճҺиıɫԣ׷ƾʧĺһ塣


1002 žµİ
ҩ۱УƮƮغ󣬰ɫҩ۶ʱɫ
Щɫĺۼʼʱ£һ˿İ룬ɫĺۼָһط
мһڹž
ڹžĸɫĺۼסеĵ棬ĺۼңҲиӡǡ
ͨӡǷٴζ϶Ǻһĺۼ
ž
Щ˼ˣһôۼأ
ȻԺһˣеĹžܹͨˮԴģˮԴпͬ°ӵġ
ԣûǵ°ӣ
ֲõϵؾ鱨Ա޵Ҳûзֺһ٣ǰȫĺ쵽Ҳԭͨ
ʲô飬ֻҪͨ˾ûκεˡһ֪е°ܹͨؾĵ̣ô·ؾ鲻ġܹﵽսԵͻȻԣؾʤ
֪İӶܹ󺣵ġЩ󺣵İӣ½ϵ˻֪ɺһЩˮµ϶֪ġ
ҲȫпԼ֪İӣжܿؾļӡ
뵽޳ɣ˳ŹžȥžˮҲ֪жŬζҲ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ŷֿˮ棬һˮ¶ͷ
һӿĵ°ӣ
Ըܵӵٷǳ֮죬ĿȥӵĿȾˣʮɿһεĵܶǰۣͿͨ
˵Ǹ˿ƶĵطںһ˵Ǹоĺó
ˮɳˮ֮ϷУڹžͨʱҲ֪ת˶䣬ѾǷоʧҪľжϳһнķ
˼˰죬Ѷ˰ܶıϡڵûбţֻҪȥܹԶϴ졣
Ȼ£ԶԼȴǼΪ
˳ķС˹ȥ
һӵʱ䣬׷ҿ̫ͽٶȣҪһӽ
ȻӿиͬķҪӲӣȴȻָоⲻ䣬һͷ˰ӣںˮ֮¡
һˮһʿ˹
ʩչ仯һһģӭʿ˹ȥ
Ǹʲôģʿеĳìһͦ浽һʡ
Ͻװһµ˵λ磬ǵӵģղźˮеİ̫ǿˣһӱɢˣòײ׷
ʿ㿴ңҿ㣬ֶһתͷһ˵Ӧǵ˰ɣղźϵٲСҲаǰˡ
һ˵԰Ӱôˣ˵ˣӰֻڷǺһ˳ֵʱŻղô£
ˣ뵽ʿ˵ӦһƷֻҪ趨Ӱ񣬾ͻᱻ֡
뵽˵λ磬ҸոտиڿзɣŵҪҶǲŸҳ
ո˵ǸʿʱȻ򣺡ԭֲûᴥӰ⣬жɽֻӰûв׽еӰ㿴ʲôûУ
ǻҶˣˣﻹܹ˵ϿĶҾ֪һӰӣľʲô֪ˡ
ţ˽ҪΪԤ˸٣Ӱ⣬߰ɣʱ֪һиǵͷˡ
˵ţսʿǰߡ
ûһʿĴ£׷ŵĺЩĲӣһڰӵУҲԵʮӵ
ʿкһĽ˽⵽һ˵λ¶˺ɵɫ
ָ˵
װһսս˺ǰʲôԸ
ղ˵˷еĶûпʲôԲԣ
ǵģҵʱźˣûп塣
ţǿ⣬һֵģôᱻ߰λ˵ţֻ۾ݺݶ
ȻչһЦӦ֪
֪ɵһ㶣ʶ˵֪ʲô
˵仰;òԾˣΪǰ˫ҹһɲ⣬Լ·ж޷԰һ
ƴȴԼѾָˣԼʶȫݽ˶ԷʶС
ĿٴηЧٷļ䣬һ
һرֻ˶ʮЩսʿͨһͻΪսʿЩƴڻеڻҴڡ
ؼĴȫǺһ徫ѡԵľӢӣһʮʵǿĺһǾ񾡳ˡ
ֻһĿģǾǴݻؾеĳǳأ֮ȫɾ
ңλԺлһ°ӵĵͼԨ۹ڣ°ͨ˴еĳǳرϣаܹûĵط
뷭ʱ򣬾Աһսʿʵôˣ
һԱ߻ôĺսʿأǲЩսʿҪǴݾߣͲˡ
뵽Ҳ˲ϷļˣϽź˵û£ҾǿսʿǲǼϸѾ鿴ˣûκε⡣֪ٶҵˡ
ԱߵĺսʿһҲûлɣʵô죿ǲҪǰ棿
ٿźŭǰ߻ҪﰡȻǰˡ
ʿ˵ǻûиϷ˵ʲô
ô黹ҽôȻ˵һˣȥȥȥЩƨҡ
һҪӼǰеʱŷļ䡣ǵĶʮӷֹȷǰ첿ӣһСɲӡǹӣĵ󲿶ӡ
ǸСɲȤǲͶģЩսʿܹڳһܹԻõĶأЩŵˮУܹʹõϵжңصľͻԡ
ͽΪʲôȫǼûзκϢĹˣһɲӣǺѲ
ؾĶ֣һûս飬սҲûʺϵĳأ˼Ҿ͸׽ԲһսôؾҪԱĵ˵ʱ򣬺һĴǷǳвġ
ʱһ͵𣺡ǵĽأң


1003 ˧̩
ǳͰԵܶĿռط˵Ķ졣
˳һһһԲһԴаһļһһսʿǰ
ͨǸļ䣬֪ʮ֮һֽ̩ɣʮͳ˧֮һ֪Ϊʲô
һսʿϵߵĺʩ̩˧Ҫ
û취ֻòٿźӲͷƤȥ
μ̩˧ȻʶסˣûаļĨճΪϰ߻û
ôԽԽˣ㱨˵ԭ򣬾ԴŲǰߣ㣬Ӱḷ̌ٳǰôģ̩˵ϣͱ˵ú̧ͷ
֪ӰƷǺһ󲿶ӷֹ׷ٵװżΪϸʹúͻ㱨̡
ղΪûзеļ䣬ҲͲ֪Ĺ涨¿ɺã˼ҵϼѯˡ
˭ôߣ̩תʵ
˧ǽߵˣǡ
û˵̩꣬ϱɫԣչӰԱҾѡģҶһӡԲˣǼϸѽ£
û뵽̩Դû׳һģĲҲܹǵôûܣЦ̩ɡ

̩һɤӣɰˣոȷʵÿٴΰ̩ɿû뵽̩ɵ־ˣһޱȣȻգ
ǸϢһȭ̩ɵĴԴĲٿ·顣Ϊ䲻һܹ̩ɴС鷳
̩ɶԺĹӶµһöһգȻʵʵ˺ϣͼλʱأѪӿ
̩ɵǿԤϣʱΧĺսʿѾΧϣеı㿳
һӲЩʿĹ˫ȭ磬һҴȭͷͬХһմžž
أ
һֲĴ֣ųƵķͷ֪ⴥַǳӲȥ𣬸ûЧקͨԵһӭ֡
ۣ
ͨԵն˴֣ǿ޻һֱȥһ飬ûͨԵնϣ
ʣ΢΢һ㵡һĹ̩Ĵַ׷ͻȴ޷̩ɳֵء
ںʿĲϳ£һûע⣬̩ɵĳס
û뵽֮˶ޱͷ۵㣬ȻҵҵĴУûܹѵˡͲˡ
ûʱ̩ɵĿܽȫҪ̩ɵĴ֣ȴ̩ɵĴ쳣ܹ͡ԼΧĿռſ̩ϾͻſĿռ䡣
ͷνɣ֮˱ҾУֻҪҲ֣û˿ѣҳųһ˵ʲôζɡ
˵ţ̩֣͵ԼԼߡ̩ɵĴ͵һɵ̩ɲһ㵹
̩ɺݺһͣҪúõĽƷһζ
ɱ˲䣬̩ӲɵˡΪ͵ĺ񲢲һ⣬һޱȼӲʯͷ
һöӲݱӲѶˣ
̩ɵĴɿ˵ǽֽš
ۼ޷ܣǱһӲ̩ɵҧԼǿ̩ɵһ£̩ɳʹſʱûѡܣǶԼ̩һȭߡ
žžž
һ˱£һſŷ˳ȥ
أء
̩ɷļµ˻
˲ٵݣ̩ɵɳЦ̩ɣҪҵ⣬ϧûһڣǵ±ӳ㹻ļ˵ɡ
˵ţ˫յͨԵø糵һһ貵ĵâΧĺսʿһҽŻѪꡣ
̩ɻ湻Ƥʵģһâն壬Ƕ۵ƤһĶ졣
ء
̩ɷ˼ٶĺХ
֪̩ٻͬĵɲôĺһôխгԣˮԴĵطս
ͨԵ֣һ̩ӹȭһӣֱ̩ɵȥ
ࣣ
ȭͷǸ̩һȥ·ֿ̩ɿЦôˣѵûо𣿾
˵̩ɵɫ䣬˵㣬㡭ʲô
ḧֵ֮޶ѣ֪û˵羢һ˵
̩ɼֻסԼĶӣʹ˵羢ʲô
򵥵һֵͼȭܶѣܹԼǽڱ棬ǰδݶѡ̩ɣ֪ôʹ֮£ҵĵжٵķ֮
̩ɴԹ˵ΪˣܹɱҡʵֻǸոտʼ
˵ţ̩͵һһ磬ʱһŨīĿ̩߶ʱŨڵīˮǣһʱ侹Ȼ޷̩ʲôλá
Ҫͷųʶȷ̩λõʱһһϮ⾢üһͣתһȭӭϡ
һ͵Ϯ֮˫˫𿪣
ֱԼ۾û뵽罵֮˾ȻںһľУ
סûôľȣϻȭ͹ǲ¸սˮµ̩֪ˣϸˮ棬ֲֻ
κһ֪ǺһĴ󲿶ˣ£ʵǲܸЩһս
뵽ˢˢӴָͳ̩߱ɵλþͶȥ
䡭
ֲıըƺҪܶըӼ˳ľˣ̩ƤʵҲıըб˺üͷ
ڣ·ܣˮУһǱӺˡ
ԶݵϽͳͨѶģүϵˡ
үѾ˺һ٣˲ٺսʿҹΧȴˡ
үʮƽ֪ˣû뵽ôѰҵǣҲϵе飬ҪǺһ岻֣ҲͲˡ
ʵүô죿ϾѾ˺һĶѾɰתˡ
үһ˵һվɣ㻹ԭļƻС


1004 Ϲ
߰տүķԸִԼսƻүߣ뵽˳˼С
һǧʵүǱ߼ȻˣҪִмƻǲЩΣˣ
үͷҡҡͷ˵Σտ϶еģǼƻбزٵһ֡ѾˣϾӣı£ȫ˾Բ¡ںһôߣһȺ϶ѣΪĪҡ
ǰһ˵ү˵úе˭뵽Сӻô緢ֺһټǲĲãСӲ׽˿
үһ˵ܣ°ͨԶ˺һ壬û֪ġ룬Ȼ̽û쵽һ鱨ĵġǣȣһаоԣȻһķ飬ǵŻ׷ٵһ嶯鷢
ǧЦүҲǱεĳУһ¶棬Ǵ򲻹ؾģƱҪˣǱؾ֮أҲٰ֮
ߣү˺âظ֮ԣҪֻǺһĹЧ˭ǵǲǣҪסԼЩôҪôҪǴֱϮؾĸأɵ𺳸󡣿ϧȣǡ
⻰ǧҲЩڣǰֻҪ¶ټôͷֺһټ
һʲô㲻ϣ˵ǶʮˣǰѺһȫˣô
ǧüͷ˵үˣ˵ʲôҲûˡǲǰǸƻǰ
ү۾Ĭһֵ֮ţǵǰˡǧ죬ȥɣס٣⣬ֻҪܹﵽĿľˡȻһǰ¶ɶǵļƻû̫ӰģֻҪ㹻ˡ
ǧȥԼʱǵĹžֻص˵档ҵ飬Ͻɵ߷͢פ
ͨ߷ؾϽݡ
ֹһ׾ķȽڣϽԼ߷ָ
ָĵͼһϸĵòԿһ£ȻԼ˵һ顣
̽һѾǣҰȫǶˣŵ°Ӽʲô뷨ô
ΧϢĽʿ޲ߣϷ׷սҪΪǵľֱ𡣿ȴ쳣侲ڴҼߵʱ򣬱൱侲
ұ죡һ𣬰ΧѹȥȻ󻷹ܵǶǾˣ˵ָǱƾԼĸȥɣ
ĬȻȻ뵽ʲô죬ȥ֪ͨ棬˵вԵµˮԴˣϷһ¶
ʩ£˵һ¾ǡ룬ΪʲôҪôɣ
Ŀ룬Щϲ侲Ը⶯ԽĽˡ
˵ȥ˼Ķȫ˵ҪؾĴͳԶģǸн
벻˼Ц£ؾĵߣˡҾһͳĽǶȳġǺһͳ˧ûʮҪĿģֱɱٳαǶأȻǳأô飬סġ
ЦҾ˵ôôҲһûͷԵ˰ŵ߷ҲôɵģҲ˲²⣬˵˵뷨
£ܵ佱룬ӵĹ룬ԷϧðűֵķǣżΪҪսġΪǳҪ¶ģݱ˵жʮıؾߣֵһᡣôǿ϶Ҫг˵·ߵġ
˵ָһµͼǣǳ˵ıؾ֮·룬ⲻ½·ϳΨһ·ߣпҲǵ°г˵ʺλã
Ц̽뵽һȥˡû϶ԭļʶҾͷˡҲ뺣һĴһưոݣᰴԤļƻеġߣǼȻˣͱٻȥˣ
˵ȻŵͼһͨѶĺ͡
ĺͣͨһشѷֺһľԼķĺϸ˵
ĺ֪ͣͨͼĸؾƵĳоݵ㡣һҪʹ羮ˮĵˮԴҪȡˮԣҼȡĺˮҪ֮á⣬֪ͨǵ鱨ԱϲһΧˮԴ
һ£˵صҪעľǳܱ°ˮһЩɽܶˮûˮԴĺ󣬶пӵ°ӵͨһҪüأҪʱ򣬴Ӹеرгȡ֣Эͬ顣
ͨѶģ˵߷Ҫλ±ҪؾϸҵС
Ͽʼ֡ȥذҪλһˣ򲿶ȫеľеװһǡ
ʮľ룬һļоٶȸϵˡǣеıҾеؾսʿߡ
ֳ˼õָؾսʿߵƿѾûʱ͵ˣֻǼջ١
ѹžΧɾըؾսʿиƵսʿѴĸ߱ƷͶŵžУһ춯صıըžըһＸʮɵĴӡ
ͨˮԵıսʿµˮѰҵͨ°ӵˮﰲ˴ĸ߱ƷڲϵıƲ£ƤȫŰӵĵܶڴҵǰ
˵ǣӾǺһӺܵͨǲɱǵֵܣңǵĸͦҪǽиɱ¾ӻش󺣵Ψһͨ·ǣ˵ô죿
ﹷֻܴϵ棬һЩɵ
ԣԣ͵ʱǾţһڵȥﹷ֪ʲôζ
ǵֵǱ𣡡

ؾսʿĦȭƣ޲úһϴһ
ۼսʿǣͷ̽㿴ǾѺһĹ·ˣаհѺһȫô
뿮Ȼ£˽ѣΪؾһԱ޲رѩޡĪ˵ʨһˣҲȻҪúһ帶ӦеĴۣ
Ц̽ľģҾͷˡ
˵ţӴָͳݸ롣


1005 ǧ
ЩǾƵƷ֯裬ڴǰʮɵλãҪ߱ƷסһҪݴãܷŹһ˻ص󺣡
ӹ˴ʩһ·ģһС
ǧСģΪȷһʧһҪڴǰ㹻ĸ߱ƷңĴƵģкܶậ֮üսʿСģǧԼ
ţ͵ںһľ·ϣһ֧ĲӡڴˣϲµأϵεƣǺһʮﾭҲҪȫûڴˡ
ǲģһоеһ飬ԼĴָóǧںĵҩ䵽ľС
룬ɳѪ֮£ۺһ񣬾ԶɱΪǿһ㣬صһϿĹ涨ؾֻҪԶе;Բܸչս
ЩԿġ
ɲҪҵһĴѺһĴ˵һȫߣ
ڣһĴλòҲֻȻصͼǣйںһ̽鱨㼯ڷ
ָ˵°ӵ췽Ҳ˴֣ص鱨ѩƬһ
Ҫ󣬸ҪѲľǸ°ĸڡʼδǣ°ͨͨȻ֮ࡣ
ĺͽӵ鱨Ѿ˹鱨Դ̫ࡣϱܹͨ°ӵͨǧл֧Բ֪
Щ鱨˹оȻܽɳ
һЩģСؾоݵԶڿأھȵеͨһһųˡ
ʣģȻнİٶͨڡЩ鱨ڵͼϱȶԣųһЩҲûĳڣѿֵܳĵط޶ڼʮķΧڡ
⼸ʮֺܻһĵطһųġĺͰɳȥֳַ֣һּΧĿ꣬һּЩɵĿȫ򲻼ϵ顣
죬Ҫ򴫻Ҫ鱨ط˺һټ̷ֱӣܶǧط
ڵͼҵλãֺһ۴Ǹصӵ°ӳԸؾоݵ޴в
ǱؾפصĳбԵֻҪؾеֱ߾벻ʮľ롣Ҫڵأǿ䲻Ϯġ
ص㣬ͷۡؾҪĵط޷Чıǰؾûе̵ʱǹŵĲ´ЬģʹˣҵҲðˣͲôɾôˡ
ذɣȥϰñɣΰչ˰ɣеһУ벻ˣ벻ӣͼǻ˵˰ʮôȥտԶĵطأ
̷ӣ۾ŵλϡǳһƬ򣬿϶㹻ͨͨϵ档
طһƬľһһֺصĻ䣬Ļɫģÿη磬ϾһƬããġ̷ӵҲ˶
һطȱ˵ЩǴţãã̷磬ҲЩʿ·
̷ܹӣһҲᱻڵΰء
طֵĺһսʿƶǼǸġһĴпصѡ
̷Ӧܱųˣھʣ´ܶǧطˡ
ϸطĵνṹִ֮ܶ˴壬ƱҪͨһƬءľϣֻҪֵ磬зһ뿪𣬹ƶʮ֮һܹ¾㲻ˡ
ôֻʣǧһطˡ
ԽǧطԽʺϺһӵ¹档طһûԴͷĺԲûһܴͨӦˮԴǲγôĺģġ
Ҳ˵һĴ˿ûлƣԴݽˡľǣǧ͸ؾפصĳһƬï֣ܵڻʮĿС
һ£ĺͽ˽Լķ˵ĺĺͷ֮󣬾жʮ׼ȷ
ĺͼɫ仹ãʵ£жӦ׼ȷģʲôĵĵطô
ĺͣ룬ӦһĲӣУֻȱְе˵
£ʲôԴӸǳصؾежϳһĶȫð
ǺЦģĺͣ룬һЩҪ򣬹ؾʰôжʮ򣬿ɵ½أؾʮܰʰˣҪڵȻ˾͹ˡ
ĺһˣǰǺˡ£˼ǣΧǳصؾܶ򣬱һ巢֣зͲóȻˣ԰ɣ
ͷ̾һǰһǲߣҲɵӡǿзĿŵôǳصؾܶǵԶսʿ͹ȥ
ˣĺ۾һ˵£ǿūŵֽūĴͷѱͶŵܶȻػصǧźһǧ
һЦĺ͸߼ڴܶһкһ̽ӣֻҪôһ֣һƱزڴ½ǳҹɫתǧ壬һ͵ɡ
ӴЦϽֲһˡ
ͼǱԽ˻ǿԵġūͷһսʿһ;еʣֺͼǳֱȥˡ
ʱƵĺ׼˴ʱʱ֣ؾսʿ˷ٰѾеʰᣬѾǻƻʱˡ
һ£һǧ˵ؾЯŸ־еװϵĴܶˡ
Ǳ׼оãһǧ˵ͷӴǰڣ󲿶פɽ£˭Ҳ˶ġ
˰ҹ֪ͨؽ죬Ͻ϶飬ǧķ˶
ǧΧ಻ϵ֡ؾЯаǳѣһ£սʿǰȫװ˶ǧؾеǰλá
ֿǧıԵͣ
ǧнĿأΪҪİ취ֲһȱ


1006 Ѫ
ڹȻܹγһĻѹƣɸȣ̲˺ܶࡣ˶ԸǵĲ׻ⶫֺǧ֮֮ء
ѸлŲԺһĶǼȻųԱǽǺܿҪ顣
ΪһĶʮǳսӣǲȡ͵ϮӡûԶҲ٣;ֻܳʤһսܵġ
ʱ䣬ںһ˵ǷǳҪģֻҪһ¶ͷͻᱻϣϾǵ½˵ʵ̫ˡ
ֻҪϣʲôؾͶûˣܣ߾ðһܣ֮ǺһΨһһ·֮ǰҪʲôǻѡġ
ź˲ӣʼĬĬÿһϸڡ̷ӶںһǸأǺһ˲Żܶڹһؾ֣Ҳ֡
ھֻʣǰǧˣ֪һû
˼Уɫǧ˴ǧ뵽һƬɵľС

ǧķȻ˾޴ˮŨҲͬ紵һ㣬ڿоҷӿ
ӷӿУؾսʿԼԼһι״ĺһսʿӷĺˮиˮ棬һĲۣ򰶱
ұ𶯣ֻǺһ󲿶ӵͻǰһٵһ֣ҪóȻĻֻ»ĽǰǱһξ룬ֹ̽۲캣ӵĶ̬
һսʿεˮߣϰ֮ûǧ棬ڰ߼վöΣȴĺսʿټᡣ
Ĳжӣ֪ԷҪȴ󲿶ӼڽؾзŵĹղûóȻȷġ
ǧԱߣԽԽĺһֱǵ֮Ŵ򿪣ĵӵһ
ĺ岿ӣյǰصؾսʿСؾսʿصĺܺãûзϢ
һŤͷԼһʮͷСսʿϳ鶯ҲЩδѵӣЦ㺦ô
Сսʿһ£ϻشҲ¡
ļЦǰûμӹʵսɣĵˣһЩսʿп־ģҲġ
Сսʿ˼ЦūŵĴͷԱҪμսΪСʵܾˡһأҸողμ˶еĿˣﵽ˲μսı׼ű׼μսġ
ŶǾ͹ϲˣΪһսʿǷǳֵý顣֪һսʿӦʲôô
Сսʿֳһ´ӦֱǰɱУѵͳͳ𡣡
Ǻǣɲȫ԰սҪľ侲ǰ¾һֶȫԼҪ֪Լˣ۹ġ
Ŷ֪ˡ٣ллҿεսоˣһôԭҵͻҾڿʱ֪һĹҵĳٵ֡
һȣСսʿһкӣһܾһѪ֣Ҫѡкȥһƽƽǵ
սһ˵˶ɼⲻкܹġ
뵽кļЦҽסҵĻúûţΪԼΪˣΪҪĹҡ
˵ǰأΪ濪ʼнɵĶһĴ󲿶Ѿʼˡ
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һʱ䣬Сսʿ˷ܵüҪ
ľӼԽԽ࣬Ϊ˸Ĳڳվеλãеһ麣սʿ󣬿ʼǰˡ
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ĺһĴھһ֮󣬻ҵ̬Ƶõ˿ƣкɱ˲ٻĺʿסš
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ڣΪͬľ޴ηսЧؾĿǰװǲٶȵĵġ
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1007 ɱս
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˲䣬ǰļʮսʿбسΣǵȻǰ壬ϰص壬ȴѾ˴ȣ˰ա
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ͬһ㣬ƬƬոźսʿؾսʿյ׷׳Լء
ۼսʿͬˮһȴٻ˵飬ͬһصĺ񣬴ںһǰ
ôϣЩսʿǰˡղµӡʵ̫ˡ
ǿᵽ󣬵âһ¾ո˵Ǹ˲ͰѼʮʳ⽴̫ˣǱԼĽҲԸɷǰ
ʱǧˮһĿӺˮз졣ڰУһ˶Դ¶˳
ܵˡԩ·խһأɱˣ
һͨԵбָſдЦ̩ɣû뵽㻹ûֻըζôѲ㻹ζһԣ
̩ɶʱֻ࣬ڿҷɣ޲ϰúĥһ١


1008 ˧
̩ɾȵӣɵùЦ̩ɣ֪ôˣ˺üˣݳȫô
еǴ˲˲Ҷ̣⻰ǰ̩ɵϵ׶ˡ
̩ɲʱ˭ܿʲôҲͲ֪̩ɵݸɵöˡ
ôһ˵һսʿȫŤͷ̩ɿҪ֤˵ģԼҴ˧ôһ¡
̩ɼҪˣԼԼΪһͳ˧֮һҪǲӦԺôںһأ
̩ҪƴʱһˮУֳָӰһļ䣬֪Ӧþνĺʮˡ
ͳ˧ĴУ߸ǺƵһ̩ɸŪʧһһָӺˮиֳģ̩ǰ˸
ԵһЩȼĺûֻе̩һĺͳ˧Ż֡
ס̩ɣϵãǺ˧еǸޱȣȴһСֻ۾ļһǬݣصĵطֱǰֻһǯ֡
ұǸٸȴһͷɫƮݳļһ橡
һһק̩ɵһ֣̩ɺú侲һ¡
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һָ³ɺӵѪЦǺһŭôаƭ˷ʮǶιڣûأȻײϣǲԼôգйǰԲѡ
Ǭ쳤ЦȻǣŻ֪ΪʲôְɣһΰУǵٱ¶֪ǻˣûеʱΪɵͰͰԼô
Ц˫һͨԵ˵ȻǶ׼ˣǲʹɡ
橷һ˶ЦһС˧Ӵ治Ŀôˡ㲻ңҺһ
סڣ˵ĳ˫Ҫб£͹ĳУҪûУͰĻӽгѵ罵֮ˣĻͷڹô
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еĺһȫڵأжĤݡµĺ˧ĺҲ׷׵ϥݡ
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ͬļܲˣΪЩ鶼ǱүѡԵġ罵֮˵һĨĳ裬ЩѾ˿ү֮Ľɻ˭Ըἰ¡
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գۼ䣬ͷǰһȭȭЮ쫷ȭ磬Ѻǰη赲ʿɣһֻͨԵһɨ
ͨԵͷµĵâңһɺսʿǸնΡ
Ѫ䵽˿УЩնεĺʿʱ򣬿Լ֫ԶԼǷ˾־ֵĺ
УȡϽ׼̽ȡ
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ЩСɫͲֵۿһͨԵһһ
ۼͣûǰѾӣۼԼﻹҼǰ壿ֽһתͷܡ
·Сսת͸źˡ
ȴûдŹ͵һ٣ײĺʿ׷˺ͨԵǰһݣʱͱһ͸ͨԵӱһֱ˺ǰأ
һ̧ȣߵߵĺսʿֵļԶΪԶϧߵսѻӵ
˭Ҳ޷סˣЩ֪ĿԼϣеĺԶںǳⲿӵʱˣԼʲôǰأ
ԡѪΧ糱ˮ˵ĺɵЦ
ֱӸȾؾȺ鼤ܣͬ䣡޵£ؾ䣬޵£
ͨԵбָеĿһɺȵѵҪĳôҿȥĳĺȴҪȫû
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1009 ɱ
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Ҳһȭ˹ȥϣһȭ橱ˣԼȥһ
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󺧣һۣɫĳƮӿγۼâԼ
ֵĸоӣжļ󰡣
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ʶϽܣȴУһĿյһ沽˳ȥһͨԵһӣΡ
ȥ˧кȫˣʱ򣬺˧ҲûҪһѷһ½ˡ
ٺٺ٣Ӣѹ˹ذ橿ˮĸ壬ˮĸ֮ζôǲѾоľˣ׷ɱԼҲаɣǬݲ첻ޱϷʵЦ
̩ɺҲΧ˽ǰ̩ɵ¶˲̵Цݣû뵽Ҳкϴˮʱ򰡡㻹ôԸǣ㲻˵Ǻ˧Ⱥսʿǿ˶ô㻹ô˵
¶ޱĵЦ˵˼ҲҪ˺ҶֲŻˣһǶ㲻벻ֻҪͶ뵽ҵĻһǶ̵ġ
¶ʹı飬һ˵ϣָһǵģͲҪˡ㣬̩ɣҾˮĸ̣֮㻹ܰô
̩Ц橣˼ԶˣҵúúýѵһСӸˡ
̩һۣû˵ǬݴЦ̩ɣԩıԩгıʱˡ
սؾսʿһԼĻʵϴгҪԼ䡣
Ҫȫ˻ȥ


1010 ŭ
ؾսʿ޲ҧгݣıԣǲò˺󣬳˵ԼӦڵλϡ
ʱ򣬻Լʿʴȵ䰡Ƿ֪Һúʱǻô侲ô
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Сģậ֮ƤסϳĶϽʾʾٶԲֵٶȣȵ̩ʱѾˡ
̩һҽУҪջش֣ȴ˸ʹâ̵֮βһ˿Цſ̩ɣֺݺק˿
㣬㡭ôܣˮĸ֮ôĶضûɥʧأǬݼֱˡ
ʲô涾ӳԹĶҩǼĶҩ࣬㶫翪θءЦųŪǬݡ
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̩ôǬݣô˵ˣϽæ
Ǭ˫һӣûǧǯӰݺǯ
Цݺһק˿̩໵һק˽ǰţ̩໲ҽ
Ǭݣôǯ㣬ȫǯˣ
Ǭݺİæȴ̩ɴҲˣ̩ɣô˭أӺĺæ㻹ˣ˵ˣúõҵǯײʲô
𳳳ˣ橿ŵ˵̩ɵĴ֣ܹ̩ɵ壬̩ɣԼһ£ŵ㣬ǹ㡣
˵ţ橵ʾ£Ǭݺڰзֿһߣɹͼչ
ͬʱ̩ҲžʹӶĴ
ʮ⣬ק˿̩ɵĴֹϾͺݺһק˿̩ɱԼƵĴȥӭĴ֡
̩ɵһδιһĲҺ¹̩۵жˡ
ȴ˾񣬷ֱӵ̩ߣһְֻ̩ɵһֻץһְֻһ𣬾һ̩ɵĴȫ˿һ
һûʹùǴھǴʲôζ
˵ţͰ̩ɵǴԲ˾Ǭݴȥ
Ǭ⧲ûϵ̩ɴæ֮䣬ǬݼԼĴǯӣݺһӭ
أ
̩ɷ˳˻
ǬݣôĿ㣬ôôֵأɱ֮𣬻Ƕ֮ް̩ڶ˺ˣеĳ޶תƵǬϡ
ôģͲܶ㰡ɵ㣿ҵǯײǬҲᣬǺæȴһ٣˭ܲ
ǴͦõģƤʵǯͱһ¾Ȼûƣãԣ
˵ţ̩ɣǬȥ
ǬưԷٳΪ˼̩ɣǬݱƵæҡ
橣ʲôأæǬ벻ͨ橾תƣæ
ʵ橸һԹսɲ̩ɺǬ⼼ܵĺ˧Ҫ˵ƴǾԲеġ
ǿ԰սȥæҲô
橱̩ɺǬݲסɢעȻ͵Ϯȴ̩׷Ǭݴ橾æܾܲôȥɣ
ͬǱҲӲԼɫĳչһâĻֹ
ͨ˵ĹʹõģɽֻӲͷƤϳˡ
Ȼһ̩ɣѸ̩橵âӣԼȴǷһ·ɵǬݵǰ
һ죬橺̩ɺݺײһһﶼ˺ѷεĲҽȻˤ䵽ϡ
û˸ˣǯͦģһ°ɡЦǬ˵
Ǭݴ󺧣ʱҲѡǯӣݺݼ
ûж˼ȭݺӭǬݵĴǯӡ
һ죬Ǭ׻һ㣬ˣͬɽһȻ
ԹǿٳҼȭϣǬݺһһǵȭ
䡭
Ǭݱȭ·šȻûб飬ǬݵĸоУԼѾ÷һ㡣
˧ĽȻսк˾ʵеĺһսʿʿ䵽˹ȵס
˭ˣԱ߻һ罵֮ǰɣûԹŹζȴǿܴԼ֪ͬŹĸоô
һ˵ţһߺŹǬݡ
ಣ
һӰ㿿һɽһȭϮ
òᣬ¶ˡҲƮƮ˳ԶЦ
û˿İգۿǬһ˵
ȻЦǲΪѾʤȯˣʵϣҪ͵ϮλãڴܶһǧˣʵǸͲ¶֪Ϊʲôѡô
һͻȻǧԼƵѳλãɶԷҪ֪ԼĲã廹һĳλá
಻أ֪ûжٷǿгǿԴﵽԤڵսЧġ
ԷѡͻϮܾܿǹΪ֮ġ
ߣѵ֣ΪôĺһôɨһսεĳѪսؾʧ˲ˣһʧСʮµ֮⣬ǲôɵġ
ȻһЦڵ˽յ׵ʱˣ㹻ˮкţȫ˵ˮȥ
һ£еĺȫ˵ˮ̩ɣǬݣҲҧ˻صǧС
Ҳ֪ϵĳˣճ㳢ҵĳζ֪ôĺΪʲôôǧѪȡúÿţŭ
ǧϿգһϵ·һըѣؿڣŰ׵ĹâЩâӿһͷǧС
ǧĺˮϿһӿ峺ĺˮϷѪɫ
ˡ
һˮˮйЮĺսʿЩսʿһգۼѪɫʱñŰɧޱȡ
ȥһȣЩˮЮźսʿڰлһߣһ˻


1011 ɱ˧
ҵϽקͨԵһ貵ĵâƥһӹȺˮ
âˮΣһˮϻָϮ
䡭
һˮײϣоһɹشϵĸо
ǿᣬ˵شˣʯһ£Ҳ̫ʹɽһǼˮȴǴ͸ڲһе˾ҵʹ
ŭζôʹడ⻹ֻǸոտʼ֪˺һѪǸʲôİɣЩѪǵԹŭἯеʳѪҺУЧȥĺսʿǲװġ
˲ϻ죬ϽζΣܿһϮˮ
˭֪ˮеͨͨĺսʿһˮԾһѷ˹
趯ͨԵҪЩսʿն飬ͨԵնȥһսʿǱնѪ⽴ЩѪ⽴뵽ˮУʹˮɫٶȸ졣
Ŀƺս
ŭľھܹӳ󺣵ķŭЩһˣܹ׳ĺԼĹ̩ɣǬݣ橣ǻʲôϿȥһ·ŭĺһ
̩ɣǬݺϸҵһˮһУǵҲĺսʿһϾͱɺɫˮһ֣ŭʮ˺Χֵľ޴ˮ𣬴
Ҫȴе޴ˮϵοסķΧ
û뵽ɣ㲻ǺţôڹҰԹľ̩ɣһ뵽ˮУͰ˿ˣһâ̸֮ӲγˮеĺһѪϰ˿ϣָֻ̩塣
ˮУһֻֻĴ˳Щеĸеǰ۾ĵطҪй
ͳậ֮һֺݺȥȴ޼᲻ݵậ֮һ˺Ƥһ̩ɵļȥȴ޷Ƥ档
ͱĻˣеĺһ嶼ǽ뵽Ѫ״̬ǵ϶˵Ѫŭ԰ЩЧϵһǿԭİٱǼʮ˵ĩյˣƴɣ
֪Է飬ԷǧôҲԼεĴġûԼǾ͹УԼʹŭĳ
ٴμʶ˳ǻģģǧģǾ޵һĴڣ
дķҴ⣬һɳ죬̩ʣĴֹ
ոշһʮƵâˮͷ
橵ˮĸ̣֮
ɲ뱻ⶫţζʵǲܡ뵽Ť򼲷ɣ㿪橵Ĺ
бɵķϣǬֻͬһľ޴ǯӣݺ
һҧһͨԵݺӭȥ
ۣ
һ죬;ͨԵ·ҪһԼҲŲƲ˼¡
Ǭݵ˫۾Դ·𶼱۾ռݣЦղŲǴҴúܹôôˣ㵹ǻӲƴ
Ǭ趯˫ǯһɫˮһ¹ŭĸǬݵǯӼӲҲ˲ֹٱ
ͨԵӭһǼӲǬݾȻĴͣҲ㣬Ȼ·磡
ͬʱ̩ɵĴ֣橵âˮĸ֮ҲĲΧ
һֱԥҪҪⲢд󣬶ΪǵҪϿүһˣǵĳ൱ֲܲóֶζԸ
ҪϳͶڶϿү˵ʱԿԾҪóֶνš
˭֪ʱͨѶͻأ
ˣдҪˣ
֪ҪûмΪص飬ǾԲԼϵġһͨѶˣǾ;ǲ鷳¡
ʱ˧ĹͲ˼ʱ䣬Ź
ûʱˣ֣ʶʼڵ
ɲǼ䣬֮ͬҹһ㣬žžžŰ׵ĵâڵת߶£һѪ顣
ѪըһĺѪڿѪͬһ㸩񷣬ȭʵһһŰҫ۵ĹâѪг
Ű׵ĹâѪһ޴ͷͷйž°֮
ŭеĲˮеĺսʿôԴĿ־УȫήˮеȺ죬գۼ˲ˡ
̩ɣ橣Ǭݷ·ؿڱشݺݻһ㣬һѪ˳ʹ˵ʲôµǣѾȻѾֶĤݰĳ嶯һʱ䣬еĶ־ȫ߽⡣
޴ͷȴ꣬Ǭ
顭
ͷתһȦһͷϻѪꡣ
⣬⡭ôܣɵˣƾŭһȴû뵽˼һɱˡ
ܵأ㻹ô˵ţֱ
ݾֻ֮صǷƵӣƮ뿪Զλú󣬵ЦܳҵԤϣȴү֮СҲûʱ׷ɱҰɣͨѶʱˣ㻹æԼɡ
żЦɿʧҰС
սδҪѲĺսʿɵˣʣĺսʿнʮ֮ڡҪǶˣǷؾսʿƱػ൱ѹ
뵽ڴӣ滨ӣȫǰѹߣеĵҩȫҴǧȥ
ؾսʿͱ޾ս⣬ߺȫ嵽ǧߡʱ򣬺еĺսʿڻҵҪܡܣܵͨˣΪܵ·ֲϧɱԼͬ塣
ա
䡭
ؾı滨ǧ䣬ɱҪΪǧаŻսʿ˴˵ɱ·ˡ
ǧĺˮױ˳ѪζĿֲˮһؽزƵʬ岻ϷӿҪһʬ嶼ʮѵġ
ǧգۼ˼ըˮˣǰʬ顣Щڳ˵˺ѷεĿֲ˻ܹеĩհ𺳡
Ϊڵĺͱ滨Ĵսʿ٣ʱͨ°ӵͨ𽥿ˣսʿ˳ͨˡ
һĹǧ淭ڵˮ潥ƽؾսʿڵˣ滨Ҳֹͣżһ֫ϱֳۣȥǧܱߣһƬѪŵС


1012 󷽸漱
ؾսʿѪɱ¾ҲĳĲѡ
ΪսѪҺ棬ѪϵˮƯʬ壬һֶ̬ĸܣ˵ĳθܵĲŻĸо
΢һ£ؾںսʿĻ˾޴˺ĺսʿʣľܣҲֻ򣬵ǣôĻزãĵΣȫûʲô⡣
뵽Ӽᣬ˴ͷòӳˡ߲ӣóͨѶģĺԼĺ͵һ£Ͻɻͼǡ
صйĺɫʮصȺӡУʮֺءĺһԳȣ̩ɽǰ治ɫɶƵġ
ĺͣô£ʾĺͱЩķȽڣֱ⡣
£²ˣǵ۹ǱʧȥϵңǸѪˮǱߵĶʮҲʧȥϵĺ;סԼ˵ܹ̬ԡ
ϢʵһʲôʧȥϵĺͣʱʲôûУ
ĺͽ˵£ڵõϢɳٳȥ̽˭֪Щȥ󲻾Ҳʧȥ磬Ҳϵϡһ˻ʱƹأڻԲѡ
ɫصĺͣȥǸԵĳǱ߱ġĺͣ˵ǵ۹ǱҲʧȥϵô
ǰ£ͨѶĸϵǵ۹Ǳߣ΢ɳõķɻһѶ
ʵ̫ˣԴҲ벻ʲôıʣ
˵䣬ĺر˳ߡ
ϸһ³ȫദˣжദǾеɵģһҧɵ˺ۡ
˺ۣʮϤѪҧɵ˺ۣ
Ѫ壿зʡ
ǰǵ۹УϹѪؾսѪ屻ѹ̶ؾѣڲǰѪĻʵͨǻʵۻ׿ڱ֤үһԸؾ
Ҳ˵үǱƵ̫ݣα֮˲ֻҪؾȡʵԵĹͲ㱳Լ
ڣ˺ۿʵʵڳؾϣѵѪѾ壬˿үһô
˵ĺ֪ͣĺôġ
ĺһ˵£һжֻǲ²⡣ƾһ˿ڲ˵ʲôҲǿүǹʲǸ֮¼ɣҲǲܵ顣¿ʲô취ֵôϾ¼ߣ˵˵
һۻԵĳ˵ӱϿôԲѣûжļҲǴ󲻽⣬治֪ôˡ
˵еĳȻ죬ĺע⵽ʱѾѪת˲ɥˡ
󾪣Ͻ壬ĽԾȫĭӣûһطõġԭӲʵ壬գۼû˹ͷһϡһŵʬ塣
ʲôʶ㣬ҲĿɿڴ
°ѳ̧ȥᣬȻĺͣĺͣͼǵսô
ĺӣСҼһȥ˿ӲΪǵ棬Ҳûйȥ
ˣüͷһ˵ƶһսƻҹͻϮסģҪ̫󣬼ҹǶӵĲӴһ£ֻҪԹһ£Ͼͳ
ӵ˿Թָʾ˵òĺ˵ֻԹһ£ɫʱѿ
ܱȳڷҪõĺܶࡣ϶ӾƶһǧҹϮжƻ
Ŀѡ˶ӵĲϣҹҹɫԴӣ˶ӵӪǰɵΧһЩڱŶӲӵĴӪһڿ֮Ͼͳͼǡ
͵ϮɵĽ˭Ҳ󲻵ģӵĴϾֵɢӣؾɱˣ֮ĻܾʿԼӣ˳Űѿֻŵ
ĶӴȫҡӪկˣֻԼ˧ֹס
͵ϮҲˣǱǽŵ䱸һӴǱߺҽܣ˼Ҳʼˡ
ԶĲӣǰɱ˲˾ͺ˺ܶ࣬Щ˵ǲݿܳо·˼ٹ̡
ӾǱߴңԶһЩ˼ʿϾ·ǵĻ˵ֻһҪųԷأֵ̫ˡ
һܵģһȺ˸ŵģһȺܵģʹӡԶĴͳ˧ףԼӶûҲˡ
ˣôĶù˾ô
ҹĲӵõϢиֱҵƣִ˧ϽܰɣѾˣٲܣؾʰǰ
ƿڴҲ޿κΣ˵öԣˣԼɵأŵڻô
ƱȶӺԶĴЩģ߸ǳˣϷĲһʡ˼˵ǲ塣
ǳ˵ϷͬѪͷ㲻һٸǸں浲ǹô
ȵʱؾɳĳ򶼲Լ۾ӳЯԼĶһЩأ;еЯĶȫ²ܣһЩоġ
㱨ȥؾǣܹȫװᶯĶȫ͵ػٵ
͵Ϯս㱨˼˺ܳʱ䡣
Σ˵ĺͣһ£뿴үǵעǷǲ״ġȻעܿǺ󷽳ֵǸĹ
ĺ͵ͷ˵ʥҲָܡû뵽˵Ȼȣһˡ
ҾͷˡҺԵȥһֵͼڿûбҪ´󹦷ˡʱڣ޷ͼγвģҪĲʣҪʱɣҾͿԷųн·ôˡ
ĺüͷʵ£ˣٴιҪӦԣ
Цĺͣ˸֣ԣǣֻҪ˸֣ͼǿȷؾҲ̫ʧҲ󷽵ͼǻ
ͼǵ齻ã뿪ͼǣŵн·һ·ȥûѡڿзйȥΪ뿴ڵϵ׷ʲô
ͬʱƵĴܳһٶͣ˽ŲȵӪկʱټصĽ쵽һ顣
ܣܵһ潻ɰɣɲȥõĽԱߵĶӺԶĲܣԼĲӵĲ鱻ϮŲò˵ġ


1013 ֵ
ʵһϣҲõô顣
ڵĲôͻͻȻأ
ô˵Ҳͳ˧ҪϱȻʧְ
ƶȴòɳ֣Ͻ׷϶ӺԶĴܳԶһξ󣬶нٶȾɳֺܿ׷Щˡ
ӵĲӻǿ㣬еӣͳ˧֪£ӣɼŹģۼһԶĲӾûͷӬһܵͣͣòҵԶ˧λ߻ˡ
ܿͲˣΪ⵽ؾҹϮŵ
θͳ˧͵£ӣ£٣Լȥȴɡ
ǰսͨҹ˿үʱѾص˿үߡ
սֱԼĶ䣺ʲôؾǱ߳һҹϮʮˣô̵ģҪǴȥ˲˰
ǧˣıָͲ¶ͷβЩӣ֪췢ǾԲ֮ġ
үһ£ǧ˵һ¶ԶϷǣ̫ˣ¼ᲿƽͼǾˡ
ҹү촽ֱ£ڹ˵λˣԱ˵ֻװװѾЩӶĲˣҪƽͼǣװҪ䰡
׼ǧ컹Ǿˣʧһο˿ү
үЦģҹЦװȥɣ˭ĲӲ٣͸١ǿԸӵҪһЩҪķõġ
˵ţүһ㶮ҹϲһһʵĴûᣬֵ
뵽ҹǧлݱүʾԼһᾡԼͶ뵽սȥ
ҹߺʿүүôһȺԸʲôЧأ
үĪЦһ岻ҲȫûôǵǺбҪģͬģЩһǵҲǺбҪġûкһѪǱ߻ô˳ôЩôдôġ
һϹүûкһǣƣҪ緢Ѫ춯ľ͹һˡ
үͷǰЩʱ򣬲Ҫı棬ûֻ֮֮һ㣬ҪμסˣӦ뿪ͼ˰ɣ
һ˵ճӦǳˣҪȾ鱨ܹȷ
ʵҲȷүԤϣʱͽԨ۹ǵ۹ĵ·;ϡҪ⿪ʹʧٵţЩ飬Ǹͼǵ۹ʧȥϵĪĹġ
½ϣû˭ܹôֱܹжؾ˴֮ϵһ㣬Ҳ֪ǸүĪĹϵ
ɵԿүˣ¾ǳʲôģ׾٣жؾ˴˼ϵû˰ġ
ȻûзУ½ϱܵٶҲǼΪ˵ġĺṩ·ͼ۷˺üΣΪѰҵǰµ˿
ͼͳؾƵΧؾµټǰķԲΧڣؾټͺѱѰٵˡ
Ҳ˵Щؾ򣬴ԲΧش⡣ѰúϸŻҪҪʬ뷨ڳֳټĵطһ˺ü飬Ȼһ
оޱȵ֣ЩؾսʿܹΪϸѵͨǼһ໥ӦִشΣҲӳһȥ㱨
һٵĳ򣬾Ȼֻȥһôȥе̫˼ˡ
Щ򾿾ʲôأüͷϸųÿһ
һ˼һǰߣǰһƬɽˡؾĻķλӦɽߣߵɽҲûзʲô
ûҲûʲôĻ壬Щôʧأ
һ˼άʽԼǳôҪ´񣬾Ӧһ·ǰһ·ϼ㱨
㱨ͨѶжϣʻ㽻֯ԺеʱԺͻȻһ᲻ͨѶʱ⣿
뵽ʶͳͨѶģϵһĺ͡
ͨѶķѶţͬʱһɼٵƿƾŷḻľ飬Զ϶һø߱ƵĸЧԶ̹е
䣬ɼٵƿ͵˽ǰһɷĴεƷβĿĻ棬Լٷ
һΣѾԱ߶ʮԶΪܱܿƷ˭֪Ʒڿйһ䣬ͺХ
ԾˣڿܹеԼƵĶߵ򏎣½ϻûгֹͬƷ
æζΣƷƹ֮һסۿƷԽԽˡ
Ȼһ˿УﲦͨѶŵͨѶ˳ȥ
ǸĴεƷһͷӳȥͨѶ˹ȥһ춯صıըǸ߱ƷͨѶͳͳʧըһԲɵĴӣ
ÿֲĸ߱Ʒ
еĳǿҳԼϣ
˲˺ܶ飬ؾΪÿҪϼ㱨Լ٣ͨѶģĸ߱Ʒ׷٣ıը£ؾ⡣
Ǹܻͼǵؾ򣬿ǿеĶߣͨѶ˳ȥȻûըǿҵĳϵĹмȫ飬ֻʱû̱飬ǻصͼԺҲֲסŻ
ڶߵ򏎵ĶƷƷ˭ܹƳأ
磬϶ûˮƽ
ѵǿүӦҲᣡ
ǿүƷˮƷǵ򵯵̹տɲǶʱܹƵġ
һ£ðһաͳһͨѶģѶš
ݣԶһŷĴεƷХһΪעƷǴɽһλ÷ġ
סλãתͷ߱ĵƷ
ĴεƷգۼ͵ĽǰͨѶһӣƷת˶ȥͨѶġ
һԼٶ˼£׷˷Ĵ͵ƷһץץסٷеƷ
̵Ʒ֣һ淢Ʒ٣һͳһŴưƷοס
ץƷְƷװòʱƷ
ϸƷɵôһ


1014 ѪĽ
ƷϿƵĶߵûκε֮ϸо֮ȴ֣Ʒ幹죬ԭи֮໥Դڶߵ򏎵
ԵԣԵɽկ
϶ûжʦָĶƷǾ첻ġ
ͬʱ˶ʦûжߵ򏎵ͬƲƷġ
ߵؾص㱣еƵ⣬װӣٵʹãȻ㣬е̶ܵĿ֮¡Ӧ˵ؾڲߵǺܲʵġ
ƷˣǴõĶߵأ
ڱӴǵʱˮ壬ѪԼй֮ԼҪѰӻ
ʱɳһֵؾӣЯߵľеЭӵǾš
ڳʱвϱ˵ʧһֵĶߵ򏎡ʱвٵĽܵĴɺߵ޹Ϊˡ
ߵʧĻӦþǸʱ򡣶ۺϷˮѪȺߵ򏎵ʧɹϵ
ţомӰԶһ㿿Ͻڰп̽𽥿Ӱ
ЩѪսʿװ磬ǸӡеսʿװЩһĵطϸ۲죬ǵػոԼǰĲһ
ɾЩˣҪ֪ѪһʹþӽƵȺڳľӽУսʿһװǹ̶ģԼ˷ֱ˴˵ݣҲܹ֪¼ĹϵǷǳսʱӵķֱЭָӵġ
򲻵ѣȫ廻װʱսʿϵÿװΣͻġһ־װһϻִӹ죬ӣǻɱͷġ
УЩѪսʿ˱ըĵطһʮˣͷѰʲôȻֺɵشյһ
һģ˵ô£ʲôûҵô԰ɣȫըˣҲһЩѪ°ɡ
һѪսʿϱ٣ѾյѲΧʮɵľ룬ûκεķ֡
Ǹһüͷ˵аˣôˣҲģĴﻹҴ棿̽һºۼڲһ³ֵĶǵģٵĶ죬Сܶȡʰʰ㣬ȥ˵ϱˡ
СʮָˣܼٲٵĻֶΪأ
һ˰ѵλһ£ѿˣȻ߸ɽˡ
֣һСѪսʿǷǸ߱ƷĵطĴӺϣһѪսʿӱһѾѪսʿŵȻѸʩչóѪսʿӣСĺ档
̸ɾ䣬ǰѪսʿһ쳣ĸоûио
ѪսʿС飬ɽһصɽǰͷСͷĿ˿һ˽뵽ɽ
ɽеʵ࣬ɨһۣﲻǰٶ˵ĹģҾʶɨӣҲûзְصˡ
ΨһͬǣɽŲָ߼Ʒ
ӵСͷĿ߳ٺһ٣Ȼ͸ȥϢˡ
ѪսʿϢʱĿ߼Ǹˣû˵ֱÿסˡ
˵ԺУõһЩѶϢ
ѪЩսʿõһͼͨˡ䱸ָ߼ƷͨѶ򵯣ֻҪͨѶźų֣Ʒܹ׽ѶԴʵʩȷĴ
Ҫ֪һЩûд˵Ժеõӡ֤Ѫ˼ܵͣûʲôرشķ֡
ԺȴһȽϸȤ飬ǾǴѪһصĵطģǸطӦиܹ֡
Ҳû˺ЩѪսʿ뿪ɽɵͨѶ֮⣬ͨѶĺ͡
Լ쵽ĺͣĺͣʱȲҪɳһеԼϢ
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ϣѡ˵ͿշУɽлõϢһ·ѪǸصĵطȥ
ǸصķԶͷѪĴ䱸ɭϣӣҪһսսһ
ڿзкױԷ֣䵽˵棬ͽƹһɭϵķߣǸзȥ
صĵطѪʹλϣһƬɽƵĵط֮ûѡѪĻʹȥΪ֪еĻҶＯУѪȨ˺ܴ⡣
ǣѪҵʵ۵Ļڡ
ôǧ֮ЩͨѪսʿϹϵأ
ʣʹŸǿҵ֪̽ԼֶΣ뵽Ѫʼ޵¥С
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оպܹ죬ʶ̽ÿһ䡣
Ȼ̨Ҳһططͬĵط󷨴ʦڻ൱˽⣬ջʶĿһ֮ҵ˿ƻصڡ
ᶯŦ̨Ҳǽϣ֨ѽһһš
źģû״룬ͷųʶ̽顣
ʶ̽鵽źһʰ׶µ̨ף̨ңûʲôĻزá
̽ЩջʶС̨ȥ
Į̇У·ǰȻʣһɿխǰ϶ƣյ͸
Ȼûһɵ񼡣̽鵽Χûʲô쳣Ųǰȥ
˼䣬Ȼֿռ䶸Ȼÿһҳǰ
ƻ֣ÿһ棬װǵǵģеǣЩͽȻѪҵķװ
еʱȻһϵȵʲôˣôᴳ뵽ѪҽУ
˳һԭмһҵУһ뷢׵Ѫ߷
е̵ζԼ˽֮ˣȻ˼ȥܱ˴
ͷҲֵþصģʲôλãԼĴҲжգڼΣյʱվһɤӡ


1015 ǽ֮
ϼһҲñͷβĴڣһܾ͵ˣȴȺˡ
ͬʱҲ̣ʲô汲صˡ峤һȺɱȨĴڣͷţҲоһ¡
û˵һϤ˵壬Ҫ˵λǵ۹ĻʵۣѪ˵Ѱ
ŴӵȺпһϤӰ˾ȻѪλʵۣ
⣬ô£е㲻֪ˡ
ǸͷأԲģôˣѾܹԴ˼ҵĽôĹأѵǶô
ѪĻʵ۱ҭò㷭ۣⶼʲôʱˣʱ˵Щ
뵽ѪĻʵ۸ϽʾΧĻͷҪǾȥ˵ǵʱˣǿɾʲôˡ
ΧĻ֪ʵʲô˼Ͻͷϵһߣ˵˵Űͷס
һϹҪ飬ȴѪĻʵֹˡ
ػʵۣ򲻿ɣɱǣҪȥˣ¾ͻ⡣
⵽ô°ֹͣҵľٶʵ
ûѪĻʵ˵Ȼоһ˿쳣䱸ȥʱִķƷɹһӰ
ӰϣֳүɭɭЦݡ
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ҧгݵ뵽㵷ˣû뵽ȻֵôѪĻҵôˣΪʲôҪ˶Դ
үЦ˳߲ʶģҪ֮ӦĲʹۣô򵥡㻹ʲô׵ô
һȺĻңΪ罵֮ˣͿ½ΪΪô༥
ɲģѪҵģ˼Լ˴Լˣܲҵϰɣ
һү⻰һ뵽ʲô۹ͶѪĻʵۡ
Ѫʵ¶ɫȣҲңŲҰػʵۣʮӣ˴̫ӵģɶһֱλԼеİΪԼĶӣʼûӦĽû뵽û뵽
Ҳ˵̫ףе֮ڲС
һΪȨļڲĶеĻˣԴǽ֮ڡһж͵ͨˣڲңסѪȨȻүؾ֣ͨѶ򵯲еһ̫СĲˡ
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Ǻǣ˵û˼ˡүȻ˵˵ȥǳܿ˵ֱЩȻѾǾΪ³ç۰ɡ
ȻееһУǾƺõһͨѶ򵯵ʼһֱЩ죬һеĻۣδҲ̫ɺ˰ɡ
׾ٷѪȨеָôһеҲ̫ˡ
뵽˲ҲûоţЦؿſүӰ˵֪Ҹʲô۰һ벻ܰô
үһЦΪôôѨԹ廨ʯֺ˿¯֮Ǿ֪㲢û̫ô㾫ͨҩԶҩ㣬ΪǸһֶλû취
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үȶ̬Ц˵ʮĺһҵעȻ߸ѪȨȻָѪжԨ۹ؾǵ۹ϵݺңɷѿİ
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ղû뵽ֻүһ仰ңлл˵ޱֿûӡ
ү۾һУʶʵ֪ҵľ仰㣬˵
Ӵָͳ󷨻ʯүЦ󷨴ʦ仰Ӧ֮ߡ
󷨣үҲȤ֪ڻʲô󷨰
Цȿŵ㣬úѧѧҲõò࣬Ӧ֪ˡ
˵ţʼ˹Լ󷨡
үһ˵ҳ㲼õǺǿķ󷨣Ⱑǲ֣ѪһЩߵȼߣҲܹƵİ
ú˷󷨣ЦŶԿү˵ӦҹɣӰӰѾ˵һУ㻹ɨƽԨ۹ڵؾΪҪĿġǸǵѡ񣬵һҾͷˡ
ʲô˼үȻоһеŻŵĸо
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Сʹ󣡡үӲɳˣôҲû뵽ô̵ʱڲСʹ
үȡʱ䣬ȻҸû˵ĵطһ͵ĽӦ㣬Щ˾ܹͳȥˣҿ󷨴ʦȻһԽôЩ˳ȥأлл
㡭ү˵һѾ赲ˡ
µķ󷨣ү֪ģǿүԳ֣ûܹڶʱġ


1016 
ƲˣûȥɱѪĻҳԱҸط˴ĽӦ㣬ڵĻܹͨСʹӳȥ
Ѽӣˣ
ȥ伸ȭͰеȫ򿪡ѪĻʵۣһῴĹâʢʱ򣬾Լ߰ѽӦںˣʱѪĻҳԱһһ뵽ڣͿطˡ
˵꣬תƳ˷ֱӱȥʱѾѪսʿЩսʿɲ赲ģҲסǹҳԱġ
ҲûʱԼǿ壬ֱЩѪʿȥ
ЩʿõǷҲ֪λɷǵ׷·ûʲôʹ
һ·ûֿ˭Ҳȥùͷ
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Χ֮ڣ߾ԿƵķΧǰں˴λãҲҪű׷Σա
ǲˣɱѺѪҳԱһٶˣô·˼رĵطѶȡ
Ҳܲôˣһһɡ
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Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬ӴָͳС͵ķôӴѪȫСͷ
һ壬˷ҵĺɱѪѾѾӵΧˡ
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Ѫʵ۴ޣͷ˿ͷ˷
Щž۹⿴ߣϹŶȻִִ֣Ϊ˼壬ǻԥһеġ
˼ңһ͵ȫĵطģġ
ߴЦǾʹػʵ۱ˡ
ոΧѾѾɱˡӷϣѪĻۿЩѾݷ˵ֱӾͶԴϵĻɱ䣬գۼ䣬ѾͰѴûˡ
Ѫʵʹϸγһ˺üأĻҳԱҲſ
ΣѪʵ۲Ż쳤ХҰģҰģΪһ֮˽ȻȺ棡ţӲҵĶӣѪȫ֮УƲѾҵԻȫĹء
ҪοȴȻ쵽СͷǰƷ
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Ͻ˽ԼСͷԼӷзɳȻ⼫ٱСͷɹ
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֪̺ĸ߱ϵ˵ţһŻ˷ҲûΪС
ڣҪŵ򵯣ΪûӦƷԸĶ
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ʯһ˲ö˵˽ǰɲõȥԸĵ򵯣µ򵯾޴ıը˼˵飬һնĵ򵯣Լӭмö򵯣ȭӭȥ
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һըװľߵķһԶĲŬ²סΡٿǸС͵ķҲǿҵĳҡҡλΣһͷڵϡ
оѪӿ̺ĸ߱ʵڿֲٽӽһ㣬Сͷ¾ˡ
Ϣɻ˷ڣΣʱǰˣҪأǵ۹Ǳǿ϶еģѾѾοͨǵ۹һ·Ǳ߷Ѱ·
ͼǷɣҲʵ·;̫ңԶѾʱ֯ͷ׷ǲա뵽ĺµĶʮؾڵλá
Ǹطʵһհǵ۹ͨԨ۹ıؾ֮·ֻҪ󲿶ӻˣͿаȫ֤ˡ
ֻͨѶòˣֻܰռеλãǸפصĵط£
ĵ鷢ˣѪߵʮհϵؾΧסҪΪؾռݵĵʵҪҪйˡ
ٿŷѪľӻûзӦʱ򣬴Ѫͷӹֱؾפط˹ȥ
Ϊ˷ֹԼĲӰѷǵ˴ȴӷзɳΧؾȡϵȻŷɽؾӪء


1017 ƾ
ؾۼؾӭѪĻ嶼ܸؾ죬˫ѣ뵽ӪʵС
ĵľԨ۹ؾǵ۹ʧȥϵһ飬Ӫ֮Ͻ⣬ۼ㱨ص⡣
ۼҲؾĵӳǸ켸ͬʱ뵽ؾ֮ڵġΪ˳ȳأҪȻĺҲôҪĵطиۼء
ۼ˵е鶼̫ͻȻˡ
ؾ뵽֮϶ԱƽѪӺˮľӽͨؾԨ۹飬ԼԤͻ⣬ϣϡ
ȻۼɳҲָؾﻭ˾ߣؾפص뷽Բʮ֮Ϊ½нڵװΪ˶Խ
ȺĴԴ˱ʾ⣬ҲʮפճľѲߣҲؾھߵİʾ˴˾ˮˮ
ۼΪԤܵͻ¼רɳ˴ĳ飬ʱעѪˮ״
ǰͻ״ˡۼԼɳȥĳһҲûڴɳȥѰʧٵĳ򣬿û뵽ЩҲˡ
ۼоĺͣû뵽Ȼ粻ϡǵ۹Ǳߣͬʧȥ硣ۼǳأټڽ飬׼ɳһ˹ģĲͼǷϵϡ
ɾʱѪ巽ͻȻƽǰӪկ
ǰԼۼǿȷ˽дģۼǵԷ̫࣬ƴһսش͸µѪγ˶ŵľ档һҲΪƽûɳȥ
Ϊʧ٣ۼԾͲɳҲ֪ΧͨѶ粻ͨΪʲô
ˣͷ󽫾ôȷģ¾⣬ԱҪġˣûйעˮǱ״
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˵ȻתѪʵЦ£֪ͳ˧Ѫģһλ죿
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ϽοԼΪѣ㲢ûʳԣʳԵѪߣһҷǳȻôϿңҾͽһԪɴ磬ͽϵܣϣǵ۹Ѫ֮ԶѪɵꡣ
Ԫ˫Ŀᣬס˫˵֪ݣѼġϵܣͨ飬ļʶ屡죬ûģͳһ㣬ҴѪѪģѪֵ꣬ѣΥԣع
ҲסԪɵ˫˵磬ǾӦ㹻ݵǹͬ棬ǰ䣬˺Ѫɱ󣬳ӳ޺ʲôҲò
ǣϵܣʼʱĽ飬ɳҵĸ죬ڳ룬Ӧܹ᳹ҵͼؾĳͻɺȡ
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Ƚ϶ԣ̫ԪƫһЩԪǿѪΪģԪ̫ԵҲбѪڲ֧̫ӵĶһЩ
ʮǰ˻㱨˵Ԫꬸ֮˹ܣԪɾԤҪȰԪꬸųȥֻҪԶѪĻģԪôҲûõġ
ɻûԪɵ´үǧҹͻȻѪʹ˵нټеĻ塣
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ɿүһֱûжĬ˽һʱԪԼ׾ɱ˹үʼû˵һ仰Ѿǰеһжô԰ס
飬壬ͳͳûʵá
Ԫꬵ£ĻҳԱڣ뵽ԪꬵҶУӵԪꬳΪεѪʵۡԸԪꬺĻҳԱͳͳѺ⵽ҵС
ԪɵķԪꬵӣͱʹԼĸ졣ԮʮôشľжӦԪµһĸӺ
ӺûпȡеľҪͨǵ۹Ԩ۹ؾ˴˼ϵԶԸߵѪѾҪ顣
Ԫ붼ҡͷûܵģӺԪѪɵ飬ԪꬻսоȹӺӺˣҵҪҪҲᱳԪꬵġ
ţһͷ뵽˳˼УΣʵѪӵУԪꬸոյǻܹ˵Ͽɺӵô
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˵ۼ뵱صĵͼùϸ˰죬Ԫ˵磬ԪңѪڲķʵǿү⼸˾Ĳ߻һ֡Ҫ֣۹ѪȨǲеġ
ָŵͼҿүһʵϺܸѪңʵǰѪȺؼλáؾ˴˼ϵͨͨѶĺʹʹϵġһУȫҪмתվӡ
˵̾˵ʱؾ͸ȺгദЩתվʵϴѵΧ֮£ҲûʲôɵĵġСĳͻӰʲôһ˴ģԿжһƻؾЩʩġ
˼·ѾԽԽˣµ֣Ψһƽ취Ǵͨ硣ʧȥϵ£ƾĶʮؾûгʹӦɣе㲻̫ܡ
ۼȻ˵£Ȼ뷨Ҵһ򾫱һ·Ԩ۹פأϵԮͿһٴƶķӶͨǵ۹Ԩ۹֮ϵ
Ц󽫾ûô򵥡Ԩ۹УؾƼͼǣԨ۹šеؾפأ϶ˣܹԱͲˣ޷Ԯ


1018 Ѳ
仰óһƬĬҪǵ۹ǱҪԮʵΪǰҪͨѪķԨ۹ٲԮܱ״Ͳˡ
µֻ治ơ
ԪɺȻ˵ϵܣȥѪһˣ˵еĽ죬룬󲿷ֵĽ컹ǴĵϿҵģ˵ǣҵûΣյģ˵޹Ҳǵľġ
ҡͷ磬򲻿ɣԪҲ֪еֻ֮ʲòõǰĽ졣ԪȻЩˣɶЩƱػᶢúܽ˧ӺԪꬵˣȻھй㲼ĿֻҪȥˣһᱻɱǾԲðġ
ۼƬ˵£Ѫʵ۱µĻеһ¡ֻʽҪıһ£и⣬ԲȡʵѲӵķʽѪѲӣֻҪû㲻ȡֱЧҲܶҡǵľġ
ǰһۼֿԪɣԺɿؼš
ƻԿеͨ
ԪңܹƾӣԪꬵĵλڲô˳ġ
ѪϵĻʵۻԪɣԪô̵ʱڴλæŹԼĵλ͹æģûоеǻ䣬䲼㲻Ԫɵ´ģҲһߵݰ䲼ġ
ԪɱλΪ⣬ûʧ£ھеߣڿү˵ľǿѹ±װ۶ġ
еǱʶУϿԪʵ۵ġ
ʱԪѲӴӺҲҵôѪսʿɵԪɣһ⡣һԷǽԪɵİȫ⡭
ԷǰʮܱؾȻɱԪһʧѪȺͻ뵽޾Ķ֮УһǸɵ˿үһʮֻҵھӣǵ۹Ҳ¡
Ԫɼ粻ǰȻ˵ϵܣλǡԸⰴλĽȥѲѪҲѪѾԹñˣţģģ
ҲԪɵĺȾЦ磬һģģҾһˣ
ƻǶˣ׼ȴޱȷӵġ
Ҫǵľǰȫ⣬ѲӵķȻܹѪĴΣȴЩġ
ʵѲӾӵĹģųôҲܰؾĶʮ򲿶ȫҽȥҪɳųӺ˽ڡȫ˵ǵĻʵ۱ؾˣȻűʵ۵ؾйǿɾ͵òʧˡ
ãѲӶĻ˹ģһĻ飬ǿǾѡѡŵѡеĻսʿΪЯľеؾȽĸ߼Ƕе
װѪľװһʱټؾսսʿȫбϵġ
ʹòĴ㣬ǾѪĴӺĹĶҪնɱԪɡĺԵģԺҪ
ۼʮؾȫڻصλãֻҪźţ˳ƶ£Ԫɡ
ϵ׼źˣҪ׼ʼҳѲųô˵ѲӵҲǻʵ۰ԪɣǶѲӰųҪСˣؾûӡ
ѧأȴԻʼųⶫһĨڣȻԼ٣ǳⶫⷽǾûϽĵġ
ҿԪרŸʼǵĻҳԱ£ؾӵеһ׻װ
սʱؾ϶ûݻĶԪǴոӳģûлӦеĻװ
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׼׵֮Ҳ˲֮ķȽˣԪλʵۣؾṩСͷװ֮ϣһӵţɽµѪȥ
ڶǰ˵ģѪһλ¸صĻ壬һְλԪɵϻ嵣ΣϻѣĶԪϮһְλ
ԪһٵĻЩٵѪǰء
Ѫǰһƣе㲻֪롣ΪҪؾͺðˣǷϮľֱӾͷ
ɿз֮Ѫ߲˵Ӱһ¶ѪԺձ־ǱȺûеġ
߾ţѪʵ۱ػʵ۱ѲӴǻϿȥ֪ͨǵĽӭӣ
Ѫͨ໹ģǻһЩѪͳѪһȺǵУѪͳǺҪµءԪ¶Щڱϻ̳Ͽ֣ټȣǸеѪϵѹ͹˳
Եȣ֪ͨ档ӵвѰӭӣˡڱһСͷĿ飬סԪҲУͷ۵Ƹϼǵѡ
ǰصĽһʶ󣬸ϽһϱһȥӭԪѪȺУȼ쳣ɭϵģԵȼߵ˲Ƿǳصġ
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ӭӣԪŭʵͬػʵ۱ѲҾҵмԴģ
λһԶƺƵӣٿ΢΢ڰյԪɺλʵ۵ѹֵôԪǶŻеһķȷʱҵϴӪϰӭӻʵۡ
ԪӴӰ£ûһλ죬ֺ߽ǰӪ̡
еʱ򻹱𲻷ԽԪмһˣ˾Խսľλǰڽ챻ŵͷﲻ߶ˡ
ȵԪЯʱλǰڽʿͶأһ仰˵
Ԫɵ˽ǰ˵λʿԶ԰ˣƽɡ
ǰڵĽʿˣŲΡΡվ˭Ҳ̧ͷֻܵͷԪɽ뵽Ӫ
ǰԪѾͣǻҵ̣Ѿ˾ӪԪͻǰѲȵͲ˻ʵ۵ķͷҪûʵΪѲˡ

һҵĽŲһŰ߶೤Ѫ彫˸˹һԪɣλͷͰݣ΢ʵ۱£Ըꡣ
ڣԪӦλƽˣԪɲûǵ˵նǴػʵۣΪѪѣβݼ
նһ£תͷնݼػʵ۱¡
΢Ц⣬תԪ˵磬ǲҪķȽڰɡ


1019 â֮Ѫ
ԪЦնллػʵۣƽɡ
նлŹվ
նҼǵһССսʿһۻ˽ĵλľСģͲ°˼ξȹٵһξȹнĵλ浶ʵǹƴİ
ն¶˼ɫѪĽѪϿɣֵüġ
£û뵽ǵЩС¡΢Ҳѱ֪֮
ԪЦնսǹͨ˾崦ÿһЩΪ˭ֻҪЩǶӢ۵ĲѪˡ
˵գԪźն֣Ѫȥ
ۿźնϹϾѪĽʿ޲;ݡԪɿն׽ҲʱѪڵصĽʿʺ
Ȼ䣬һױӵ˵ǰ棬Ϊһ˴ȵʲô˾ȻôӪѽ£
ӦþӺױˣЦĴһƣеؾʿȫ׼
󵨣Ѫʵ۱٣ȻҴѵıô
ûȱӦնѾŭڣִָӴȵ
˵ѪĻʵ۱ѾðƻʵۣؾϸΪѪѾؾƲؾҪϮҾĹ⼿
նוּһսγָ˵˺ʵ۱ϲԱѪӣӲȻԻڣıҪնսô
һɤӣѶԷŵѹȥҪ֪նѪĽԳԺն£նһ̬ΧĽʿʼɫơ
Ԫ̾˿ǲϣģΪһѪˣѪѾ̫ĥѣҪΪڧЩˣǾֵ̫ˡ
뵽ԪᲦնǸӶӳ˵ȥӺйҵҪӺҲҲʵۡ
ӳʱ뵽εľأӵʵѲӵϢҵϽܵӺﱨšӺҲΪͷӺʾˣôӳﵱʱͿһ£ְò
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ڣѪĻʵ۾Լһʱ䣬ӳ˵ʲô
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ӳĴӵ£Ӻߵ˵ǰ
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նҪȴԪһס
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ʵ۵Ͽɲ˵ӾӵģӺֻԼ﷢飬˵ʲôҲҿԪɵ۾
ҲҪԻڣؾļϸƻǵĴġǣϸͣ
ӺһòĸΧȫװӷ׷ԼеľеƽԪɡ
նսһӣϣ
ЩڵصѪսʿϷ׷վΧԪɵߡ
ۼϽһ֣һؾսʿϰڳսΣֻҪһ£Ͼͻᷢҵع
ס֣ԪɼźҪʲôѵѪսʿĻôΪԼأΪȺϣ˶սʿѵҪԼ˴Լˣ౦սʿô
˵Ԫ᳤ʵڲ뿴ѪԼ˴ѪƯƵĲҳ
նĵùԪɲᣬʮ˵
նϹԼսݸԪɡ
ɷѿҪȡλѪĻλܹ֪أڣ֪֪ѪĻʵ۵Ѫġ
˵ţԪɵתԼļλúݺȥ
һѪѪڿɢأʺɫѪ𽥼ɫ󣬾Ȼɢâ
Ѫʿǣ֪ʵ۵ѪΪʲôôѪʳѪҺΪΪϵߣ¼еѪоͰʿΪԵĶ޵ѪеǰûطΪᴿҵѪŻ䡣
Ѫ罦ƮԪߵâԽԽʢȥ·һ㡣ѪսʿзĤݰĳ嶯һһѪսʿڵأĤԪɡӺľӣСսʿݷڵء
ʿǣҵѪǴŻϣҲǴҵϣ棬ѪʿĲꡣܹõΪѪǰѵڣǻҪĻߵô
ն͵Ŀ᳤ǣѵڻ֪ôôٴϢͼıλʵ۱²ԼУϧԼ壬ѵǻҪִԲô
ϽĻ˵˵ĿӺߵҲвŲ˽ŲӺ˾롣
ӺƲϽеǧñһʱˣôԴǵģ֪ͼЧҵĵѵǲô
նŭĿԲԱѪսʿùһսŭӺʱȻҪ߱Ĺ๼
ŭ𣬺նһΣӺ
Ӻֽ֣Ҳն˹
һ죬նӺĵݺײһ۶ϡҲ治϶еĶϵнͬһսһ
ȭţֽսı±˷ӵ쾡¡Ӻͺնǿսʿ˫Ƥʵ巢йĹͬ
顭
նӺƺһЩսļɲмһˣϲϵֱӶԻһȭǾԲмڶҪӲӲĶײ
ʱҵʱ򣬸ײʡˣԻһȭ˭


1020 ѵĻʵ
˫ڱ˴˵ȭţǺ⣬ΨһҪģǶԷ
Ҫ֪Ѫ˵ռ˫֪ԶԷúܽ
֪У˶һٶغϡù֮£ն곤¶ҵⲫ·硣
ߣϲģôͿƣôһˣΪһѾǵĻʵЧʶʱ϶ҪһôӺۼռϷ磬ɵöҪ̼ննʢŭ֮¶
ޣСӣԶҲ֪һʿκԼϵġʿϾԼӦúһУΪ˽ƴˣǲΪʿġһ㣬Զףն·磬ºȴ˿
Ȼնٶƺһ£첲ȫӺǰӺϲеϲģˡ
˵䣬Ӻҧ˺նĸ첲ǲһնĸ첲Ӻҧϣ
Ȼںնĸ첲ҧϵͬʱնȻݺһקԼĸ첲ͼѪĽնĸ첲ȻԼӲϣųϸ첲ն͵ظһҧӺĴȡ
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ӺҲնҧϣ
Ӻ۵ҽУʹһ˦ȣѺնˤȥʮԶնɳȥͬʱӺİȣ
նҿԼһһѪɲǼ䣬նɫͨɷס
ٺٺ٣СӣΪƾ׳ʵ۸סͷӣȺݣ㻹۵úܣնݺһڣ˫۷ųâ˵
ѪȪӿһӺնĶϱ۴罦ǺնվһһԾͦӺһ֧壬ҡҡλΣ·һܰһ㡣
ӺҲѪʿˣɺնԼһ첲նԼϵû϶һȵսӺЩˡ
նˣնηƴڳѪսʿλϽµʶе־Ȼ
ԪϹæҸնֹѪۼն£ҲǾ壬ϹնֹѪҩָնһ˵ʥҩ
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նµĽʿһа𣬵ΪʵǰһֱûвȡĴʩһʵϷһӺ
Ͻ£ؾսʿؾ뵽Ѫڲе⵹˵ҪɽۻԼ˵飬ҪԼȥԼֻѪѣҪǲУʲôĿģпԱ
ӺǱߣЩˡʿӺˣѾȻڶ࣬ȴ޷Ķ֡
һʱ䣬ɽӺµʿƴɱΧһɲбܽ˳ȥն£ǿ׷˶ʮͣ˽Ĳ
ʬҰѪƯƣԪԸ⿴龰龰ʵֲпķˣ
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ȥѪӵľֻǸѪľṩϵİûս£ؾĴʣκһ֧޷ġ
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ԪôװȴǺң˵ʰ˵һѵĻʵۡ
ؾѾʧȥ磬ȫҪԼԭĴά֣ټҪӦѪϾ͸о׽ˡ
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ӵսֻڸ˽Ӵһ˲俼˫ʿսܣھ󲿷ʱһ֧ӵʹӦ
һʱϢؾʴ⣬ؼʹӦĴʹжϣжͲûûʲô
˵˵ȥֻص⣬ǾǸϿͨʹӦͨؾͨѶͨһ㣬ϣԪһΪؾܰѶʮľȫؼطҪʮ򲿶Ӿ䡣
ѪǱߣնһӲʧȥһ첲һ죬ϸԪߣԪɹͬӵ⡣
˶ԾӵĹʮУ֪ٵʲôҲ֪ؾܹṩʹʱԳˡ
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΢΢һԼԪģû뵽ԪɻԼ
磬ֵ֮仹ʲô˵ģ˵ֻҪܹģһ硣˵⻰ʱ򣬻ǺܳϿҵġ
ΪԪɱϾڿү˵ûжʧţҲûбͱӣ෴ģԪɵ˶ܵһЩǣ
Ҹնһ£ھȱľʹӦ͵㣬ֻάִ˲˶ã͵һЩеѪĵ̣ܹʹӦܹǰľܹɱԪǸӣ
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˽Ĳ˵ԸύԪѪӣҲԸΪԪκε顣
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һ£˵磬ڽѪڲôŶȻˣѪĻʵۣȨκֶνԼȺڲκؾе޴һʵս˵ĿʮƵλ
Ԫһ۾һ죬ˡ
͵ֺܰγ֪ʵģǲФӺˡĶҵôѪǧأԪһվȽŸѪ˵ĿɾͲʮƣǰˡ
˵ԪʹԱ֪Բ̬ʵܵ¶
¹ؾװ۶Էң۶ԷԼʲôϵֻҪԼһģͱҪʯĳΪԼ濼ǡ


1021 ս
þ꣬ʱǰǲһġ
磬ͬģΪҪĲϷҪԹΪϣ֮ϴѲӾӣ֤Ѫڴϣȡ»Ԫ̫áѪ˵Եĺ
˵ĻȷʵίܾԪɽе֮ģɴĿǰָҲǷǳпϵġ
Ԫ΢ЩΣҲ֪ؾװ½һװƣôؾͻܵصв
һϣԪɻΪһѴġ
նԱҲһЩߣԪ˵£ػʵ۱ǱֵܣҾѣЩ黹ҪԼġ΢ţԸ˧½ʿַΪ·ǽѡ
ԪеɬնΧѾʧȥһֱ۵ϽҪΪԼƴʵǲĿ鷢ˡ
һʱ䣬Ԫ£ϽΣҲˡңҡʵϽ
˵ţԪ˫ϥ򵹣ޡնҲϽ£ӵʹ޲ѡ
ҲȻԭԵ⣬ԲΪġ
磬սǿɷһԣ
Ԫɺնʶʧ̬Ͻᣬô˵ġ
һ˵磬սµƶȻǿҪȡϵλ֮ôڶ䣬ΪʹӦ̵⡣ʵܺýֻҪͨ˸ǵ۹磬һӭж⡣
ԪĬȻ˵磬ڲ䣬ʱݷõĺôǷǳ޴ġΪ˭ʴȣǰɧңԪꬵͳλƱػܵصɣ͸Ԫǹ¼ҹһ
ߺͽĲһݹȫ֣һֻ֪ﵽĿġԪҲǸϸ䣬ϾͬĿʾԼЭͬؾôͨĹ
һ˵룬ѪĴҰ磬ԪꬳΪ¼ҹѳɶƣɷϵǣʮǿװؾľеԭǲܽģͨɹװ壬ؾû׺ͱ滨װ
룬ѾİˡڣڵһЩؾػװǾԲģ͵ǿԪɵġ
⵹˵Ҫ׬һʣΪнҪǽԪװв뵽ѪҵСһһô˵ҲеѪʵɣͻؾڵµĲ档
ԪɲɹװͲһˣ˼ԼǮģˣ޹صˡ
ṩװۣϾǴײ˵ļ۸񣬶һԷڸϾ͵ǰ͵ġ
ԼĽ飬ҪдģľżսۣСģװ͸Яı滨ǿװԶԷʵնж޶ȼ
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նҲǱܵ˼ά۷ƴɱһϽȻ֪ĲԻЧ˼¡
Ц磬˵Ҳҵ顣Ѫǵ۹ѣֻҪܼĵطǾ԰ġ
Ԫɵͷ͵˰Ҳ˵ˣʲôõǵĵط˵ˣѪҲǴ˳ϵġ
Ц˵ͼǰնʵսһƬвؾ޽ͨѶʹʹתվ֪ѾôƻЩʩôЩѾжˣ
նҡͷػʵ۱£Щ飬ԪꬵĵϵģҲ֪֪ЩЯźֵװǺܶ࣬ҵıҵĲ²⣬ƻؾʩģЩˡ
ֵװžͨѶˡֶѶԴΪУͨѶתվǴʹתվѶŶΪǿңͨѶ򵯼һһ׼ЩתվؾҲᱻ޴ĵ򵯴ʬ޴棬ʧҲˡ
ҪָЩתվ͵ðЩĲӾؽתվûκġ
飬齨һսСģ飬˵ⲿʵнɱΪѪҲϤСģսϣѪѡսʿУѧϰսģʽ󣬿õԪ´󽫵նжС
飬õԪɺͺնӦ벻ǣնȻҪԼ뵽սСӵСñ̬۾תԪɡ
ԪȻĺն壬ںնǿҪ£Ҳֻͬ˺ն
ϴؾѡһǧΪʵǿʿȻְѺնһǧ˸ؾСӻࡣǧ˷ֳʮСӣÿһӶְ͸ְߡ
ΪѧϰеѪ˶θְְؾٵεġ
һأǵѪսʿ룬ûиС䱸޴еֲп˺ЧѪĸо
СӶµĻǣȫΪֻҪвİȫҪϧκֶΡ
ȷȫǰ£ֻҪжԷѪ˿ͶԿǽܣСӣ翹ɱۣ
նİţʾ⣬ϾǾжһжԴﵽĿΪһǵΪˣնרŸѪֳԱ˵εжΪؾģΪԼġ
ԼĴôʵ۱µʮͻ뵽УǶԼ˸ĲΡ
Է˭ֻҪǵˣҪɱֻзԼͬ
ѵ껰øСӶӳһ¶Աǵľеװȷûϳ
ؾתվ붫ƫһƬɽʺϵĵص㣬̫Ҫû㹻Ŀռ޽תվԲŻ붫ɽ޽
ʮСӷֱӲͬķǱ뵽ƬɽС
նģڵСӡڲʹͨѶ豸£ؾۼúնΪ͡
ͨһŲ϶ɽеѪоҲǷɢصġļ飬ԼĶԱصλǱ
һļ棬ڸһɽϣҰڿľʩʩ໥Ӧһ֮ƣΧĻһʮء
һԼȥ顣
նҲһȥ󹤷ʹͺնʩٲĿԲ۲λá


1022 սս
Ӧ˵Ѫ¾ݵ㻹ǺܽģеƣԼڲľС
ǳΣھ¾ݵΧٲ֮ڣӲݣҪӽݵ㣬ͱҪͨһƬݵء
Ϊ˳Ƶǣݵ㻥ΪУǱվһսʿʵ˾ݵΧǵһ̬ơ
ն˲ҡͷС˵ؽе㼬ְݵĹģǧ˵ĹģһǷƴһƴûʸ񡣡
о;УնǰվӵĹسƺҲǷϾӽƵǵġǶĹ٣ֻҪھӽ֮ڣһжҪվְƺЭ
СЦս˭˵ҪǷˣˣǵּǣǵĽɵʣĲһɢɳѡ
նһ˵ؽ˼Һö˶˵ھݵţʲô֪ǲȥôʵնж
ЦźնǸص˶鵱Сúնӣûݵ㿿£Զݵ㡣
նһʣΪˣϿ˶ԷָӣҪ
ҵһɽߵĵΣնսĶԱ
е˶ˣӴָͳһͨѶģϷѶš
ûʱ䣬ХɽϴɽϵĲӷͨѶźԴϷͨѶ򵯡
ʱ䣬ȵͨѶ򵯿Ҫ򵽵ʱ͵ذͨѶӵɽ
һ죬ͨѶ׷ͨѶģҵıը
һ˺նߣЦ͵˰ɡ
նЩˣ˵ؽ˼ǰɽϵȻͨǣɽδػܶ˰
԰꣬һпᡣ
˵ţԶ˽Ųжϣʮˡ
նط֣ؾսԱ뿪Լλãһߣɽ˲ȥ
һ
һüͷС˵սǵĹ۲ڣһʮˣûиİڡ
նˣֳȥǼˣԱеϸ
ŶİصսԱȻ˺üƣսԱֶһ˱Ȼһ
նʣȴһƣǵѾ𽥿ˣ˵ˡ
ʮѪսʿ˺նҰУЩǰţȻЩ˵һ˼ؾսԱ
⼸ؾսԱûκεϢ¾Ϳ˴ɽѪսʿսԱλεľеһںںĹӡ
飡
սԱĹҵһѪսʿĲӣһ΢죬Ѫսʿʱ̱ϹսԱһ¡
顭
սԱٶ죬ϣգۼͷŵɽˡ
ʱѪսʿѾ쵽ˣתʱ򣬼սԱһӵϡ
顭
ʮָɾʣȫˡ
ʮϱϽ˸ľУҪڹ
նֱˣʮ˲ֵóƵģؼܹϢնԸѪˣǾġ
նؾʹõľеŨȤΪһսʿеĳԳ̶ȣֱŮ˼֬һ
ΪˣնרһսԱҪһĶһ֣ն֪ںľеͬѰ
ǳѹ֣ҲһζļӲǷǳԡĶı棬Բ˼ô򵥣ܹ޶Ķͳ
ںնֵʱѾŪһѪսʿ
Ҳ˼Ҫ֪ôѪߣûʹñֶΣҲûʹÿţֻҪ˲˵Ѫ˻ȼˡ
ʻȻ뵽ô㣬Ϳǰ׶ͷһŤӡ
ɰѺնˣߵ˵ǰľе˵ĶӾǺݺһ¡
նҲǱƹмֵ֣ͬʱ˵ס
ء
۵ᶼȴ޷κε
СӣˣǺն㲻ʶˣҲӦ˵ӵŰɣҸ㣬ҿǷ˻ʵ۱µִоġҪǲϣı棡ͽߺߣСӣôԸͽҶ˵˰ɡ
µ飬뵽˵ڳԹ޵Լ˵
ѪˣȷʵϵúնǺնĿԱնԺյݡ
Ըͽ
ɸһ㶶ԸͽѪֱӣҪһڿڻҧ
ۿŵ˵ԱһѪսԱǰ˵սһ￴ǲ˵ˣȰնԸͽķ⻹ôˣҾͲŶ
ʵļһֱӾˣæ˵˵
ʼʱУʶֱܾӱˣϷŵ
ӹСʵǵĿʲô
衣
Ȼ̿סȴʶҵҪѶϢ˭ҲûЦ
ɽܹжˣܹмµĽ죿Уľôģ
һ£ʵʵԼ֪һкг
ϸˣɽܹפǧ˵ĹģһͳЩˣУٸͬ
໥еľݵ㣬ƫµһУٴǧ˸ĵطƫϵһɸһУٴǧ˰صġ
Ȼ˿ڣ˾Ͱѷݵеϸ콻һҪĽУҪʲôλãԱôõģȫ˵ˡ
Ϊȷ鱨׼ȷԣŪ˼²ЩһѾ˵ܣҲû˳ӢۣϽͰʵ齻
ĽȽû̫ĳ룬һ²ṩһҪ鱨ǾƫλõľݵмΧһеӰ豸ΧĻƫ¾ݵڲƫϾݵжܹһ
ĸ߶ӣսľ˲նףöԷһ뵽Ⱥ׵ľСƫµľݵежĵ˿̽жʧˡ
ԼǧˣǸһͱʤ㡣
Ҫ֪սԱܹǧˣҷֳʮСӣһߴݾߣɽĵˣն׾пݱɱΧˡ
ݷ²ĽһϸĲͼעһص㣬ȻѲͼԽԼÿһļƻ
նμӴСսΣνսû뵽̻ôǰսÿһϸȫڣֻۣҪһˣͿ̽䣡


1023 ݵ
ںն˵һܴĴ
ؾĶսУնûвμκһεսΪʵߵӽġ
նֻ˵ؾֻ֪ѪĴؾǰܲңһֱϣܹѪľ񲿶ؾһ̣һѩǰܣѪʿϡ
һжû⣬Ѫǵ۹Ϊѣ˫ٴˡԪꬼٴʥּ˵ǻʵ۵Ѫս
նΪܹúôһ̣ȴؾزһֱûнֵĻᡣ
ֱԪն֪Ѫڲң¸ҵվ˻ʵԪһߡ
ֱؾϸ΢֮ĴնȻ֣ѪľӺؾȣھеװһʱھսϣҲࡣ
뵽ЩնЩ亹ĸоҿûкؾ֣սޱȲпģʱ򲢲ֻ͸˵ֵܹʤһǻʿѪͺɨһеֵ˾ؾǰǲֵһᡣ
صؾսвѧϰǶˣܹѧϰͬѰս
˵Լ뷨ʴʲôҪģ˶׷׽ԣ˵ԼĿ
ʵķǻװѪʮС飬֪ıзݵ㣬ȻŻסǸɵݵеͷˡ
ĹҪ˴˼ʮֵĬҪڴʱֵܳͻ¼Σޱȣʵкܴĳɹʡ
ԵĶؾսԱؾϹϴͳ˭ԷԼֻҪûγɾ֮ǰκ˶Ȩɺͱ粵Ĺ۵㡣
ؾսԱģҲǱ˴˼ĺӦӦעϸڣķûбϵĵִ
նһ˵ؽҵЩ뷨ҿ˵ô
ЦսսӵĸӳȻȨԼö˵
նܵ裬Ͼ˵ؽΪļƻкܴ©
ĻûͳЦ෴أ˵۾ȫ˺ն
һն۾̹Ȼ˵Ҳؽļƻ˵ؽԵһЩѪ˱ѪΪȺȻѾˣһЩ幦ܻûʧġ˵Ѫͣһر
˵նָһµͼ˵ؽļƻʮһؾսʿؽԼװѪ˻뵽УƾſǾûģȫѪˣһƽ룬ͨͿжϳ˽롣
ȷǸ⣬ûԼıӽѪӪһһˣϢǺǿһӪĿռܴԺãҲױ
طͲͬˣռܱգ־ûˣһӽȥʮֲ࣬ǲء
صͷЦ˵սһҪұһЩѪսԱѪսԱûоʵսļ飬ҲǲѶΪ֮
ĻնüͷһšȻؽҲսʿġ˭ǾѪܹ֮ɳġҵи취ܹɻ̵ܶһʱ䣬Ҫؽ׼һҪ뵽սС
ֵսҲǴ֮ˣӦ֪ҪѺʵ˷ŵʵλҪ֪ģʽսǳΣգϤսģʽ˲ȥܻܿ۵Сӵİȫģ˵뷨ۺô
նһ£漴ɫ˵սʿ֪ҪԷΪְһҪ뵽սС鵱Са취ɻһʱ䣬ǾǴһ²
˵նָһһѪķ²˵ؽа취ȫң൱һӦȫԴﵽսҪ󡣡
Ƭ˵ðɣ԰뵽սС鵱УҪ൱ϸѵһô
նϱʾԼû
ѪڲУԿһǷǳ̵һ飬ҲֻиߵȼѪ˲ܹõѪ˵Ǻо綾صģǸߵȼѪˣԸΪ
նĿƷҧһѪˣԼֻкնѪܹⶾԱҧ˱ҪӣҪܾ綾ĥʹȥ
Щ²նûвȡǿӲİ취Ǹ˵˭Ը⵱ӦһˣԸȻôҲǾ޴ģһܽ
еķ²ǶҪΪѪڷ²ĴǶڲ붯ҵ˵Ĵʵ̫ѪˡȻıĻᣬ˭ҲŹ
նѡһʮֻˣֱҧһڣһЩע¾ˡ
ƣʱЦһ廹ҪǻٲֵǿԼЩ鷳ˡ
µһ¼ƻؾϤսĶԱնͻѵ
նû뵽սѵôİˡĻ£սԱ֮˴ΪƲ˵Ǿֻƻ
Խܳ׽н˴˼ϾͻԽĬļҲ͸˺ܶࡣе䣬նѵҪˡ
ɫڵʱ򣬺նܹ˴˼ˣʱ磬
Ϊ׵ʮһսԱǸ²սСӽ󣬵ݵٶಽľϣսСͣԭشʮ˴ҡݵȥ
ٽݵʮľ룬洫˵ͺ
Ǹ²衣
ݵϷʵôôŻ˵裬δܹˡ
²˵ôģ࣬Ҫǵĵ٩ûˡһ˵ʲôҲҪõٵĵһƾʲôӳȥ
ǾеĻҲû˻ᵱ棬߸ǱȴǰѾݵϰĴŴˡ
²νȥռƻ²ӦôУλȥ
ɻû߳ԶһСͷĿסȥ·ιôȥôòŻ̵ģʺճûʹʹʱ򡣸ɶɶɣɶɶʣⷹͰ
²Цӭȥ٣ǲǹ涨ҪеϸôֵǿŸ˻ĺۼҲ֪ûͬ˳źۼ׷ȥԶŵʱ䡣٣ֵһ磬Ŷӣܲܡ
̵ģһ쵽ͳԷ£˵ͰǷͰȥɣϽȥ
СͷĿ˵꣬תҪߣȻоԣʼһˣЩôôңǵôˣ
Ϊ˻ҪױѪô׺Ūģ˼һ۾ͿЩԾ
Ǹ²ǰҪ˵ȴСͷĿһƿ߼һսԱ͹ˡ
ۼҪ¶ţ۾һɨնһĶ
һĶնᣬϳǸһĶ̾еƵСͷĿĲһ


1024 彵
СͷĿһ̱Ǹ²Ҳ飬ϹСͷĿһѲסȻһŤ굽СͷĿҸ£뱳СͷĿߡ
Χ˾쵽ԣҪʣȴǸ²˵ôģǵùʱȿˮ죡úõؾ͵һӣӻûԷأȥ١
ۼһ˿²۾һ˵ʲôٵˣ㻹뿴Цǲǣ˵룬ҪͳٵǲǣţӻûԷء
˼²˵׶񣬸Ͻתߣ鷳
˭룬²ģ٣ߣæ
һ⻰ߵøˣΧ˴Ҳ֪ô£Ϊǳٵˣ˭Ҳ봥ùͷ׷׶ԶԶġ
һ˲СͷĿһݵȥ·ϼʣ²˵СͷĿεˣҪ߳ٿҲûһˡ
ݵλãһԱȽϾµ֪Уپסĵطһ
սԱ֪ǽӽҪĿźţȫ䱸ֻһ±㶯֡
ſڣأһһˣϻӱʲôô˹Ҫ췴ô֪ʲôطô
ͨ˵ŵĸһ˶ŵ׾Ͷ
һʹɫǸ²СͷĿǰȥЦ˵λСһСεˣҹóٸơ
бһۣ˵ô˸ʲô
²ʼ磬һεЦǽȥµѲ߶ӣոջλٻ㱨һЩҪ˭֪λСһվȣ͵ڵأˡ֮£ֻôһ򳤹ٱ档
ôģ򳤹ٱõôôǸԼУٵĸ̬Ҳ쳣ᣬҪ򳤹ٻ㱨ôˣǳٻҪҪϢˣһ˻㱨ˣ˸øȥ
Է²ʹһɫ÷²һʱ˼ڷ²ʱѸٹ۲һܣӰصλá
һ·λ˼ƣսԱϻ⣬ɢſڵλúӰ֮ϿӰ޷ſڳʲô顣
Ǹʲô췴ǡ
ȻûʶΣյ٣ˣ磬նһǰžž£ſڵΡսԱϸסûֳ̫졣
ô£ֵģǲƤӽˣһٱӾ̹ˣȻЩǸϲ
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նһУٵߣĶ̵ѾĲϣҲսԱס
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Уʶһͦ˵ٺá
նѶ̵£ʾսԱҲſУ٣̴λһ˵ѵǻǵþеĹأǣ֪Ϊ˭Чô
Ϊ׵һУٿΧȻ쳣ᶨźնͦظ˵سٵĻȻЧѪ壬Чһʵ۱£
ôն¶˳ЦݣƻؾʩƻѪǵ۹ѹϵ˭
Уٳһ£նϵı䣬Ÿæ˵ȻҲǻҵˡ
նУ٣̾˵˵ǣҲܵ˹ƻ󰡡ʲôҵҸǣԪ췴ѾɱһĻҳԱĿǰʵ۱±Ԫ׷ɱ룬Ƿʵ۱֮ҡ
ôܣǻʵ۱µİӰ
ʲôأն̾ѱڱĸ첲¶˳ضϱУĿɿڴ
٣⣬⡭ô£˭ܹ˵أ
ն̾µһӺһȣһ첲ȣӺҲѪ˲ˣȴ
˵꣬նӻͳԪרӰںԪѲӵʱӰ¼ģԪר˼γһӰ
ЩԭԪҪ˵ѪĸģնãһУٿ
Уٿ᳤ԪԴ壬âѪʱ򵹣ʹ޵ҵѱ
նһЦ漴ڰֵѵǻδ뱨Чʵ۱£ҿԸǻᡣ
У˵սԸ
նվ˵ڻʵ۱ĲԪꬵķеʹӦԪϡΨһܹṩʵģǵǵ۹λǵ۹Ļʵۣǻʵ۱µֵܣػʵ۱¡
Уٰݵڵأ˵ݼػʵ۱¡
ЦǺǵذ˷ضˣдȨǿɸսһؽͿˡ
ն˵ĿǰҪľǰѷؾͨѶʹתվͨⲻؾǵĻʵ۱»ʹӦҪȫҳָؾתվ
һУ˵սЩ鷳ţսʿǶԻʵ۱ޱҳϵġҲ֪˵ͳ˧ԪꬵĸҪȫס»Ҫ⡣
ͳ˧˭
غսͳ˧ȨľλǼҲֻ֪ǵ˾盳֪
ôܹȡôʱʧʱ廰ʵ
Բܣ˵Уն˵ؽս盳ԪꬵӳΪϵʮش󣬲Żŵġ
ЦǾͺ˵ˣȥλ
˵УЩɣ۾ն
նҸʲôؽǻʵ۱µֵܣҶҪؽǾвôѪʱֻҪʵ۱µˣѪͽˣһɱ⣡
˵УһݣϴսԸи飬λֵܣǻᰲʿҪ֪ʿɶڱµսʿֻҪԵǶȷѡġ
նһﲻЩ˵ģսӵָӹҪͬС뵽նѯʵĿ⿴
һ£ʾնԴӦ˵Ľ顣
նתͷЦãԡʵ۱ʴȵĴԶ˴򿪣һҪסǧܳӣĻԥˣһɰҵ


1025 һ
Цһ˵ǳʱڣǳֶΣݲóӣ˵ǲǰ
˵ţ˼򣬳˷Цݡ
ҲЦݣڿ۾ʱ򣬸оԼ岻˸¡
֪ѾÿǵʶһűŰʶӣǿͨӼǵΪģһвľٶϾ˱ɰ׳ա
ԭ򣬺֮ĲУ֮Ĳޣ
Ƚ϶ԣնֳ̬ⷽöԷȻѾӦΪʵ۱ЧӦŶԷ
ݵ飬źնսԱУһݵȥ
УٵĴ·һ·ϳ裬żʣУһҪ㱨Ͱ֮˸ˡ
ݵ֮䣬Ҳϰդȹ֮ϣ˵ڶݵ㣬ȵһݵķҪɭࡣ
ھݵٵ⣬ҲĸУ·Ҳ̲ܵ顣
ٺãôʲôΪУٵݣſڵ
Ŷ罫㱨ҪġУٻһ׵ɡ
У˵٣㱨飬ôôˣ
˼е˶ȥϾһǲ뱻̫˴ţڰ˽˵Ŀռ
УٷӦҲ죬ЦλֵܣЩһǳȥѲߵʱ򣬷Ҫתﲻ壬Ͱ˶ˡҲ֪罫Ǹϸˣһвأҿɳﲻ𰡡
⵹Ҳʵ飬ɨһˣһ֣Щȫ˽ȥ
һţһƣսԱϰ˼ɢĸŵſڣļηɢ
盳ٵ֡
盳ʶ̧ͷŭʲô˸ҴСб֣ô
û盳ƢһΣ盳Ľǰֶ̧盳һȭ
盳ٸһޱȵϮȭʮǿ盳˵˵ˣҲȭƵúһ͡
ִ֮䣬盳ķӦҲģ˳ȭӳķһҪڵϣݱȭȻڵһһУֻҪеսʿܹŤתơ
Ǻն͵Ϯ盳ܹʵԼ뷨ܿϧֵ
ۼ盳жϳ盳ͼȭԻسȴǰһ壬Ѿȫ盳ȭȻ쿪һƺݺ
盳֪Լƽδľ֣ʱѾûκεˡ뵽ˣ盳ӳһ⣬ظ֮ȥϣܾͨ˵Ĵ򷨻Ǳ˶֣ƴһ£Էһ˺
һֻһѾ盳ס盳ٸԼǱһֻ޴ǯǯסһƾԼôȴͬѺһ㣬˿á
ͬʱѾ盳ǰһƲûзʵס盳ؿڵʱӲס
ٺ٣һһδ벻֪ȥʲôζЦ
盳˲е֪ǰ־Բģ̫һ涼߲ϾͿܱɵˣȭת˲շ磬ֶӡ붼롣
ﻹһ֣Ǹͱסˣ盳Ժת֪ĿǰѾΪΪˣܹ˵λʲôֱ˵޷
ն۾ź⿴盳˵Ԫꬵӳزʶˡ
ſ盳ЦţҲ˵
盳ͨղŵĽӴҲ֪ԼֻҪ춯Աߵ˾ԿԳԼû˲ɱԼԾͷ˶Խ뷨
һնӣ盳ɲǼëȻĸо
ⲻΪնʵ߶٣ΪնòһѪи߸ϵĴڣ˫ڻ壬ѪжĴڡ
Ԫꬵ飬盳ȫ̲ģΪӳݣ盳Ҳμ˰ܻҵж
ھȻôһûмѪĶ˴ڣýֺͷ룬Ҳ֪ôˡǻҵˣˣ
ߵʵߣ盳Ѿжϳ֮˲Ѫˡ˾ͺ˵ˣܹԼһѪڲˣǿǻпֶθԼ
ˣȷʵʶ˴ͽ̡ò˵盳Щģûնǿò˵
˵նɣҾǣߵǴػʵ۱£мҪ㣬㲻᲻ʶٰ̧ɡնĻߣ⻰ȴǳǿζ
⻰盳һػʵۣ½˭֪ĺպ
նѪսһĴ棬ѪֻҪǾˣûв֪ĺպӢ
Ѫʵ۵ˣվڻʵһġڣ盳ˣΪʲôµУٻںնǰû˸顣
ǵ۹Ĵʵۣʵɲ⣬ؾɨƽǵ۹һոµͳһʤ࣬ѪĴѪ岻òǵ۹Ϊѡ
ǴеĴ棬û뵽Ȼܹ
ս֪ʵãڶλǰûзأҾԲᱳģɱҰɡ盳һ£ʮּش
ʱſڵоЩ쳣Ҫѯһ£ȴſڵսԱ¡
Ϊ˲ݾߣնУʹɫУףܵſڶȵ罫Ҫ飬ȫرܡǼţ罫˭ҲҺúõ罫Ǻÿġ
˵ǼٴʥּҲã˵ǺٻҲãзǳãʣµ뿪񣬰УٵķԸˡ
ն۾ת盳ϣɭɭЦ盳㻹ҪԪꬵʩôʵָ˭ֵܵˣҪԪꬣԼ˵ҪȫҶô
⻰˵˵ϣ盳ȻǣС뵽Сᱻ֮ͬһڿҧ盳亹Ȫˮһӿ
նҲûǿ盳ָУ˵ΪֵŸҵôǶѪʿΪѪԻѪġǻվˣΪҪվڹһ棡ԪꬱذܣЩִԲˣߡ
盳߳ױˣںնǰʹ޵սԸӺսķԸ
նһ˵ʶʱˣ飬һȫҵָӡڶֻ֪Ҫ㲻ˣУһʵ۱飬һġ
Ȼ盳ĸҲӣնͷϱʾͬ⡣£ӵһ˵ĵľķֲͳ˧ȨϢ


1026 µԼ
ȻѾ¶˾ģʣµͼ򵥶ˣ盳һһʮԼ֪ȫ˵˳
Ϊ盳ҲԪĸȫãԱţ盳϶ˡ
Ȩ˹ؾǷǳɵġҲΪˣȨûаŵһ𣬶ǲֿɢŵƬɽĸط
ȨӵǴݻؾеתվפԸͼ޸תվؾ
ڷ˼͸ĸ֮£Ȩȡ˷ֱս˷ֳ֣盳תվǰصһǧ֮ڡɴʮﴦһһ֮ڡ
ʮȨĴӪ֮ڡһǧˣ԰ٶΪСӣɢɽĸطѲ߼֮á
Ȩ̬ŵúؾҪĹǴ򲻹ģԾԤ㲼ߣз紵ݶϾѪĸؾתվʱ˹ɧţǲؾתվɡ
ˣɵֱüͷ
Ӧ˵ȨȡĲǳͷ۵ġ˼ҰԼλðڵķǳҾǲ㣬λ
˿ԶͨѶƻʩ㷢ȥ׷ʱ˼ˣһ»һطؾɳʮЧҲܴ
һǧɢɽ֮ڣе˳Ծû뵽Ȩôֱʴλ
Լ֧սֱӸɵһӪ̣ľ֧սӿҪɢɢһǧɢλӣ˵ԲһϢ
Ƭ̣Ժն˵սҪˡǵսӲǧˣһԷΧˣսǷǳΣյġеˣΪΧֻǧ˵Ѳ߲ӣ˭֪
ն̾˼˵ؽ˼ǸϿȨǲǣ
ͷΨһİ취ˣԷͨѶ򵯣ս֮޷ͨѶ磬Ҳ֪սСôˡԷ̫ռƣǵʱ䲻ˡ
˵۾Բ붢盳ɭЦ盳úõͱȫԼļô
盳Ҹӣһĭŵŵ˵ػʵ۱£ҵȻˡ
Ǻã֪Լͼ·ͺá盳ڴǵڶӪȨֻҪܹǴˣҾͻõҳŵĶҪǸˣٺ٣ǾͲһ˵ˡ
ĻУŨŨвζ盳ŵȶ£ϽæͷӦ
ӵǺгģ盳̧ͷҿ۾۾ǲѵģҪȷ㲻ѡ
盳һٸԸҲ̧ͷһۡ
ɲǼ䣬盳͸оԼ۾·ǱǿһһԺ·Ǳըһľʹ
盳һǷδȻղŵζôʱʶһǿҵĳҪǺúõİҼƻĲʲô鶼ûСҪǵģ֪ʲôô
һõЦݣЦ盳ֱͬħһ˲
֪ػʵ۱£Ըһô
ܼ򵥣ҿʱ۲ľٶֻҪʶеĳʮַ񣬻Χе˵ǵˡٺ٣Ǹʱ룬ҪǵĶͷҲҪȫҵɡ
񶾵Ŀƣ盳겻壬ն˶ֱð亹
Ц盳ڿʼҵļƻǧϸˣҪиʲôĻһʶƵͷϵġ
盳һھ˵Լļƻʱ盳κ˶Ҫ¹һС
ƻʵһףǽӽӵȻû¡ֻһ盳͵ֱӴ뵽˵ಿλ
˵ƻʱ盳Ե쳣˵˺üֵעĵطʹļƻӵơ
ִмƻǰҪ£ӣҲܼ򵥣盳ĸУٽеһֱӾͰԼָȨȫȥЩУٶǸնһڱɵģָȨǣ͵ǿǧ˵Ĳӡ
սԱǸѪսʿһȥѲߣֻҪսԱǵＯᣬɽȫĵطΪñҵսԱģרһӰӰϣսԱ
ϣն盳ݵĵڶӪ߹ȥ
ݸ盳һҲԪꬵĸԪꬼҽеˡǺʺԪꬵߵڵģүҪɳɿ֣ԪꬲʹѺݰŵ
盳Ĵ·˺ɾҵ˺ݴפλáҪô˵ԼΣյģΪ˭Ҳ뵽Լ˻ԼҪһӡ
ݴĸڿ֪盳ǺҲ֪˸˧ȨĽݵĹϵһ·ϲûǴάĵڶ
ûݵӪʣʿϢ֪˺ݡ
ݵ²Գӭ盳Ԫꬵ£ҹϵȨĴУֻҪǾ٣ǺܽܵŽһⲻΪܺദΪҶ֪Ԫһﲻͬ۹õĻĺܲҵġ
ԶԶģӰ盳ϵܣ˵ҪɣʲôأǻǺúþһ˵
͵͵ƣкնķɣĽ˶ŨüۣһǸ³ֱˡϧˣúõһϣȻͶ¡
û盳˵ݿ盳ߵˣһ㵱Ц盳ֵܣ¸ҵȥһۣ۸úôģ¡
盳һЦ˵δ磬Ҫľ鰡ȵд깫£ȻٰѾԻòۣ
һ˵ֵܣǸ˵㣬㲻ãúõֵܾ۾ۣߺȱĶðǵŪôʽʲô
δ磬ǽҲҪ˵һҪȨ˵
úúãһӪ˵һ盳Ӫʣһߴ׼磬Ҫ盳ӷ硣
һ˽Ӫʣ盳˵ȴ盳һнվӪм䡣˵ȴ盳һվλãԼǰҵ·ȫס͸оЩˡ
盳ô£¶˲Ƶɫ
նЦ盳Ƶһߡ
ݣԪµͽǲ֪ܲʤùҺն
ն㣬ǽһ˺նݾޱȣնĴѪ˭˲֪ĸ
û뵽ҵļ˺ݵķٸһλ춯صǾǵ۹Ļʵ۱¡


1027 ˵׳
ٴˣ˳źնָݿ½Ҫˡ
֣ŭʧ
һϵеںԼͳͳֳ
󣬺ݰĿⶢ盳ϡ
㱳õʲôôŭڣһŭ
ŭѪսʿһҵĽŲмսʿѾӪʡ
ʲô
ҹȥûҵ˭Ҳ׼ϵǣûʿ˵꣬ݾȻһ
盳飬ټϺһһɤӣŵòᣬǺݳûʿ盳ĵɫ׳˲١
ݣѾԪıλѾǲ֮;֪ѾȻعʵ۱¡ݣֵһȰ㡭
ޣش盳ģһصŨ̵盳ôûǣҸʱүγ㣿෴ģүٺôѵһ룿ֵܣҺݸʲֵܣ֡
盳ָź˵ݣ㲻ҪִԲǲΪԼ룬ҲҪΪļɣѵ뿴ļˣıĴﴦô
˼һʣԲһ¡ָֻɫȻ״ֵ̬ȻǾ԰ָ֮о
盳ž㱳үɰɣøаΪ˱ȫ˶Լôζ盳ֻһͶߵĵͶ̬үӮˣͿԳΪүˣͿͣܿϧҲˡ
盳Ҫ˵ȴֹˡ
ʿɱ裬ⲻһֵϵĽһǿ߶ڲߵһɡ
νҲǸ֮ʿΪʲôҪִأ盳˵ûԼļˣΪһıλϧˡһַʽȰ⣬ܣݵǸ¡
ٺ٣֪Ϊʲôûֵǽôǵ۹һ˶һУ֪һ죬ֵǽҲͽˡҾúҲ㲻Ҫҵľ⡣
⻰ȻزѶ˵ûκεôˡ
ʹÿѺݱɿܣˣֻҪǷǳҪǲֵġ
նһ֪ϧǰһݣӣҲͲˡ㻹Ǻúɣʵ۱ڣ盳ǧѾѪнˣȻϧֵôܹϧԼ˵أ
εҡҡͷ漴ȻЦʳ֮»֮ǣҲһˣΨ౨ܶԵүĺ񰮡
˵ȻԼ˫קסԼһ˺ѷε˻ӲԼ¡
ûκεĳɣŵѪݺݲԼ࣡
˲䣬ݵɫòҰףҲɲǼʧȥͨһݵڵϣ԰׵ֻ۾ţƺЩĿĸо
̾Ϣһָݺ۾Ȼǵ˵׳ңԼҳϣǻ˸еһ˿Ī˵ġ
ڣЩˣɱӪ滹һѪսʿ䣬ǿɲġ
һ£盳źݵʬ壬նԪӰ档
ѪսʿһˣϾһɧ
һԣ
ԸնҪʿǼֵǣνһֵĺýǣղǳȥʱȴûǶ֣֪Ϊʲôôǰϧǵ
˵ʿǵ΢õ˻⣬նͨӰųһЩӰ񡣻ԪѲӾѪǶӰ
ӰеʿȫĬˡ
ֵǣǵĽ찮ǣǵͬȰǰ֪λ˭ôǵ۹Ĵʵۣݽ֪ԲŻǱ顣νˣΪ˭Ĺ˵ǵ뷨ֻҪеҺնԸ⳥
Ĭһʿ˵Ȼɵģǲνǲģ
ʿĻǿҵĹ
ԣΪǣνúõģǱǱġ

࣬׷ָն
նۿȺ鼤ܣұ죡
һɤףô˵ҲѪһˣƻܹסġ
ۼ˱ѹסƣնת뵽תֵǣѾǳˣԪꬲ˳µǣ˸ӵ꣬Ȼ䣬ǰ϶ʵһ£Ϊʵ۱µĽҪҪִлʵ۱µ
仰Ѫսʿƿԣʵȷʵ޿ɱ粵ġ
ͺݽ壬ҲȰνȻ򡣵ǣȡʵһеףԪҳӣı棬ݽҲͲн³ǣǺúһ룬һԪꬱ˺ݽҸνָ·Ԫꬴźνߵһ·
⻰Ѫսʿ˾޴𶯣ƽԺϿɵģЧѪ䡣и飬Ҫɨƽġ
ڣӰкնĿĽ⣬սʿ궯ƽ
ն֪սʿǱˣϽȴ˵ǣǿҪˣѪͽôͷġΪ¹ѪѵҪΪŪѣô
˵ն˺ϵ½¶һĿĵ˰̡
ǣҸһҲΪԼĹܹˣѪʵ۱²ĿѪɱԪǸȴԼֵСǣѵҪһѪǧôǵѪӦǵĽӦóΪǴĳ裡
ϵУܹӰ쵽ʿĸ顣źնһ˰̣ϱۣʿǴĵϿλѪ崫Ӣۡ
һնʹ˵ǣνһ·ڣɺνδ֮£ǳ죡ڣǺúðνȻ󶼼ҵ
һѡ˷ӣʣµͺðˡںն£Ѫսʿ˺ݣϺ󣬶Ծ˺նǰ
նѡһУΪʱͳ죬һԭشʰȨЩȥ롣
ڣʣȨһݵˡȨ˼ɵģűȷʵǸ൱鷳˾óıԵġĶֹУҪһٶʮСġ
Ϊȷһʧ盳ȨĵΣоӵϸһ飬ҰЩ˲ͼ盳ϸ·оȨﲻ盳ͺô׶Ըġ


1028 Ȩı
ʱ盳ѾΪȼ飬ҲѪϸһ
ȨǱߵķ˵ӦܿԷص棬⡣
Ǻն۾ŹԼ˵ļһ͸û취Ų˵Ժ»ûˡ
Ϊ盳ϾӪˣ㣬ôᶨߵ翹ģһѪڲѪͻ
㲻òɳϣ盳ǳļƣеϸϵĽ飬ͳ˧۹⡣ϧˣƷʣȻһ޳ܵ˵ϡ
ʵĳ̶ֳ˵ҲӦ盳ѾԼ˾ˣҪľǰԼ˳׸ɵЩԼ޵Ĳǵˣ盳ֻҪһѣ盳ͻʳѰ
盳ṩҪȨߵʿ࣬ȨԶɣ׽ӽ
盳飬Դѡ֣ҽڽӽȨԶԸȨӡ
ΨһĽ飬ΪΪȥȨĻɣȨжˣֻҪܹ棬Ȩͻܲˡ
գǾʹ盳նмսԱȥִԲȨ
Ȩľݵ㣬ܵǰݵܲһĵط
䱸ɭϣ
Ȩξзһ죡
ھݵķΧѲߵСӺͰصİڡƣû盳Ĵ·ΧͻᱻЩȨŵ˷֡
ǲôô䱸ɭϣ޷赲һ߼ȼ·盳ɵĴ£оյȨפӪ档
Ȩо֮ôͽŵĿȴǽ˶һݾͷУеɵķɡ
Ȩ˧֮⣬̲ϸ盳ĽսѾ׵ɻˡ
ϸѯ˺盳ţԼȥͨˡ
һ盳ֻһ˽ȥҪš
盳ЩΪѣ˼ô죿
͹۲ΧΧӰװȨ˧ʣǿдĻᱻһʱ䷢֣ĻͻϮսͲˡӵɧңǿɲϣġ
뵽΢΢ףʾ盳ȥҲ뵽ˣصԤҲˡ
Ԥ盳ȥ׼õ˵ǻ㱨ȨȻ˵Щ鶼ĵ˷ֵģӦʵˣͿö֮ȥˡ
Ԥ盳Ըִеġһ©ţԼҪһСɵزѾû·ˣ盳ֻӲͷƤ߽˴ʡ
һ߹۲Χһ˶䣬ҪĶɴһƬţûκε
Ȼһ
Ҫ㱨ôҲҪ˵Ҫ˵˵С⣬Ҳʲôûа
һʱ䣬Ժзɿתǲ盳⣿ȨʲôʲôҪϡ
սҪľٻϵҪͻ쳣ӦսУʱԴҪҪľǼԥԥļɻ䣡
ડ
оΧ쳣Ա
ѸƣնսԱףǿйѶţ
սԱϰСսģʽսԱЦſڵȥҪ˵أսԱȻٿ̵Ϣݳಿλ
սʽǲһġӴսǿǾԶҪ˵˵ֻܹԼ
սУǿǳ䲻⣬һбǸսĻźܴϵġ
ֻҪսԱǵǲɱˡңΪ˴ﵽЧսԱĳֱеУҪϢ
³ʱ򣬱սԱᱧסȻŵϣ֣һսȭͷźš
˳İţһͷʣµļսԱСÿ˴ʵѸٳ˽ȥ
ͺնҲŽȥȴȻ֣ڿտҲʲôûУ
盳ʲôطˣȨֵĶȥˣ
ɿ˼
Ӧÿ϶һ盳ԲԼˣԼǧ˱ͶѾǲԭµģй¶Ҫľܣ˶˺ݵĴӪ
һ˷ˮⶼǰ盳ͣһ˵盳Բлӡ
ǳֻȨ쳣
ˣӰ
ˣˣ
ЩգΪЩӰĲӸȫְܲŰõģڿӦȨԼԼӵġ
õĻ㱨ȨԲ쿴ӰӰĻױȨϸ֮˵۾ġ
ɴΪʲôһأˣӦа֮Ļء
뵽Ͻ۲еÿһ䣬ڣڴʵһ߽ϣһ
һսԱ˰ﴳ
󺰵лأ
δ䣬ڶžһƵ嵹صĶ
˲滹ʲôأȥ
˵꣬ӿ˰
ಡ
ļһףƾԼϣǿǰЩûκεЧ
ҵսԱϲ˼ÿһ嵱Уһ
սԱϳ˰˶Χ˹ĬĬλսԱ⡣գۼ죬ʹЩ˵ĳӲ˲١ĵǷݶսѵĸ飬ĳݡ
ҪȻڴʵмλøһӰ
ӰУ盳׵ͷѪ졣盳ߣһѪսʿԴ
һʮ־˳ӰУΪչʾԼ˻һǱߵλãʹӰӰоС
Ȩʵ
˺һЦҡ㻹б£ȻҵĽ򲿶Ӳ߷ˡܲҵǣûץңǲǺź
ûʲôźģԪꬶӵβͳˣѵ㻹ܳԶôԪôĺǣҲӱ׷ɱˡȨţ˵Ļ
ǹճһĨЦ˫ֱ㶵ضӰеȨȻ˵
ⷬʱȨЦһ˵ôĿؽѪ壬½ʱˣҪ½Ĩ
ųЦ˵ȨΪǸˣڿҲǸԲ֮˼Һ䣬ͳ˼ҵǹʹһ˵ȱȻ󹷵˻ѡһأӺͱˣ˭Ҳˡ
Ȩˣ촽ˣĻԼŭȨ
ͼһָ盳˵ȱ⣬ȿôİɣ


1029 ĿѪ
˵꣬Ȩһ֣盳ߵһȺѪսʿΧ盳˵ڵأſ죬һڿ˺ҧ盳塣
盳ھҵʹ£ʼźȡ
ɨ盳һۣȨ˵û˵ôȱģѵϣ˹ôһӣѪսʿӦÿһͽ³
̷˵ġ
ЩѪսʿһҧ盳һڿһ盳塣
盳Ѫһ٣൱һξ룬Ҳ˵盳Ҫ൱ʱ屻ҧʹࡣ
ضǵ⣬ȨתЦôҸ㰲ŵⳡϷܺÿɣģ֪ı£Ҳûзɴ㡣Ѿȫˣˣչǲ֪ɢ룬ûбȫɵ
򲿶ӾȻڼսԱǰսˣҶԷƺܵİţڳֱǲԱ顣
նȴϿȨֻܹٲҪܹЩսʿֲֶζĿֻ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ȨһѡǷǳʵȥƴʲôѪ֮£ǸʵѡǡĲԡ
Ȩûĳޱͷʹ
׷򲿶ӰɣԼ̫٣޷ʵлԵɱˡ
׷ɣЩ˾ͻҾܣǲƬɽȣ޷޽תվ
˵䣬盳ȵԽԽС盳˫۷ף֪盳ʹʱѾԶˡ
ڣѪսʿɵɭɭ׹ǣ盳һ飬ˡ
ЩȻãҲһ޳Ӧе³
Ȩֿսʿ盳İ׹һôģСˣôˣ治޵ġ
˵꣬Ȩת˹Цʵһ׼˺ܺõҹ˼ɣ㿴һϷ御ˣ
ȨĿЦУӰӰٿʧˡ
ȻȨǱ߹صӰ

жȻ˲ĸоŻΣʱϼȻƿյļ
ˣͨѶ򵯣
ʵ̫ϤˣȻͨӰͨҲʹͨѶѶţǵзµ壡
Ȩͨ󣬾ͷͨѶ򵯣ڴͬʱҲΪԼĳӮʱ䣡
뵽ϴӴָͳһתѺնмսԱսʿȫŵУȻŴ
ɵеͬʱٿͨѶҵ˸ոӰڵλá
䡭
һһıը˷ڿжܹܵըĴضڲǿҵĳڿγһ쫷磬˷ȥ
ҿӦ㹻죬ȻĻܹôҵıըдɺնսԱҪȫʬ޴ˡ
ɵ˱ըıԵѺնսԱըĵطһƬǽ壬ôҲò
εսЧϿսķᡣȨˣ˵һܡ
ΪҪ´ͨԨ۹ǵ۹֮ϵֻҪȨĲڣ뷨ͻܵصв
ˣ˵ʲôûˡ
ѺնսԱųúðսѣЩ˻ص˵ڶӪկ
ΪѪĲӣΪ˱ӣúնֹ
ն盳ͺĲӺϲָһЩʱľӡͬʱɳȥɽѰҷɢĲӣǽ£ľ£ִԲģֱӰѾԽɱ
æ߰죬ɽĲелˡźնͳĲ򲿶ӣ롣
Ԫɶεսǳ⣬ҶԺնĴ˰˵ǶսʿڳûʲôġڸԪһЩõ飬ҲΪԪǸѳǺ޹ϵ
Ȱⲿ˵סˣԪҵʱ򣬷üչ
͵ܣ˴γȥȫʤôô˰ԪЩ⡣
̾˵磬ؼľҪͨͨȨĲڣĿʵ֡ңͨѶֶǷǳǷչȥԨ۹Ǳ߻б
Ԫһüͷ˵͵ܣ֪ʲô뷨ûУֻҪǴܹģһȫġ
°ͣҡͷð찡ԪѪԴͨѶ򵯣ҪǲشǸɵȨԪҲɱ˹ɧŵġ
Ԫһ˵͵𼱣Ѿɳ˴֣͵ĲȥģѪ˷ӳǿң׷ױʾҪԪٵȼ죬ҾͿɱѪأƽԪꬣҲͳװˡ
ͷΪԪɵ뷨Ǹ׳нĺ⡣
ڶʱ򣬺նͻأ˽ǺûòΪںնַǳǿ𱰵˵ϣǺѵһ顣
Ԫü֮뵽һܣһǳˣ
սʲô£ż˵˵⻰ʱԪɾ͸оԼᵽɤϡ
ն˵£ˣѪĵΪԪͼıλɱ׹Ⱥ鼤ܣвٵطɧҡԪꬾȻɥĲ񣬳Ѫѹ
ʲôԪɵӼɳµľԼ˴ԼˣĵĶѪ˰
Ϣ˼ڣԪʵսʧô
󣬲һĴ󣡡
նݽ潫ˣʼʱԪꬻֻɱЩµȺ˺Ԫһ̫ˣҲû𣬾ϣ˱ԼļֻҪ棬һնɱ
ʲôԪĿɿڴð˵
նǶû˵
Ԫɿ˺նֹȻЦնʲô˵ɣѾˣʲôҲܽܵأ
£ԪɱۣûҲޣһЩƽظϵõȫСҲ뵽ɱС⻹꣬ԪꬰɱΧ󣬴ӵ۶еĵطȫʵɱƣٶʮڷ
Ԫɳһڵأľ£Ԫɲ˹
ӣӣλҲͰˣѪ˶ɱˣѵҪѪôԪɺޣ۾ﶼγѪˡ
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˵գնҲǸʹޡ
ԪɺվͨһǰĴʹ޵͵ܣѪ֮ʣ͵һѰٲɱԪӣѪͻʧ½
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ڵΨؾܹæҪǵƾǵʵǻ治֪Ҫȵ¡
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1030 һƽ
ǰ龰æǰȰο
ǣȰ⣬ԪɾǱĴʹޡ
ȣˣѪҲؾѣֵ֮ؾҲӲܣ磬ǹͬһԸԪꬺòã
ŵԪɺͺնվȴǳҭϡ
ҡͷ̾Ϣȣû뵽Ѫ徹Ȼѡ˻֣һ㲻ٰ磬սϰеͨĲӣöԱ׼ᣬһؾһЩӵʹá
Ԫɺͺնϰķ䣬ȥѪĶԱԪꬵΪѪȻ󲨣е˶ʹ顣
ΪҲˣѪеĵϵɱôܹԼ˵Ĵ
ʱԪɳȥִӰϣȻҶѪڵ׼ĿĵѪȳ棬ЩԭѪΪ˴ʧɫ
ڸͲʲôԱˣʿߣϷ׷׽¿
ҪɱȥҪΪȥ˱𣡡
ԣһҪܵͷһҪ֮أ
ʵ۱£ҪȥƽѣҪļ԰

Ԫɱ˵ЩʿĻڿͲ÷ǸˡԪϵնΪͳ˧ͳȫᣬʱ׼ƽѡ
ͬʱҲ׼ԭѪĸ߼еҲûʲô˼ˣӪӪһЩػװȫ·Ѫ
ΪѪĴܹȷʹЩߵȼеרŵӦĲЭѪʹá
˵沿ӣǾ˼ǵģһǿǵԱİȫһòǵõӰ⡣
ЩװѪĴʿʢնһ£漴̤Ԫꬵ·;
ǵѪڲڽɱնûѡ񳣹Ľ·ߣӽֱߵ·ֱѪĵ۶ֻҪסԪꬣһоͶ
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ԪȴŹһ٣ٶ̡
֮£ԪɣںնͳѪǲҷ֮ʦȻԼȥøͶսֲԶӰ졣
ѪǳȺսмһЩսսҲһпԶõȥﵽԼĿġ
ʱΣҪ˵⣬ᱻѪ˱ӡķǳʱڣԪĽĽ顣
󣬱ͶԪѪѹеΪŭѪ˿ͳĻع飬Ҫвҷʱжôˡ
һЩѪܳμѪûоװûҪѪһֱͶ뵽ս
ԪʼδǣôѪ˲һЩԪѹ֮ȺЯףҹͶԪ
ʱԪ˰֮ڣ֪ٲԪɳ⣬ԪɾҪЩͶ˸ˡ
Ԫ֯һӳĻңǳԱרŸЩѵˣѷҪԵȡÿȡһ͸Ͻô͵ķȹѹء
ҵǺն;ϲûЧĵֿеĵطûȺն
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ڹ̳ǷʱɻľǷɢһ˳γ˽֣Ƕڽһ˵ֱһجΡ
Ԫߵ࣬ǴؾģģԣҪ޵ĻƷӳ
飬еڣһǽ򿪣󲿶һӵ룬ȡһʤ
ԪɺͺնԭͬھϸϣԼ뷨
ϾǴӴµĽǶȳ۶Ѫĵ̣̫ǵӰҲܴ
գսöˡ
սΪѪͬʱӪ᲼һϣлһ㡣
ս´ܿ죬ӾͰռƻչһؾڵ۶ϷڿеĲҲѾ׼ɣ
źնһ£۶ĶѪ沿չ˺棬ŭ𣬲ҪǮһݺ˳ǽ
еڵ⣬۶ϳǼΪƽأնϣĴ£Ѫһӵ룬ǲûֱʹųǽ˸ȦֱȥԮĹǲӡ
л֮£ؾ־ϾͱˣθƣռƻѪĻʹΧס
ûȴʹ˾ͰѹŴ򿪣Ŵɱ˽
Ԫᵽʲôй¼ҹˣµĸӻȨƴɱڷڣʣԼڴǸϵĻλϡ
űֱ߿һѪսʿţԪɺͺնȻԪꬵǰ
ӣô㻹ϿģԪɵָԪꬣȵ
ҼȻЩ飬Ǿûĵһ죡ܿܣһҲûʲô˵ˡԪꬿǸȻǿӲ
Ȼô˵ǾͱˣԪһ˵ˣ£
һѪսʿϳȥְ˽ŰסԪꬣԪɵǰ
ԪꬣµѪôѣ㻹ôԪɿԼĶӣЩĸ档
ߣӣʲô˵ģ
ǺãԪꬸϳȥҧԿ࣡
Ԫɳ׺ˣشֻǲڵġ
ԪꬱȥŭѪһҧԪ¼Ǹһ䡣ⳡڧѪԪˣԭһ۾һȺȴҲҵ³
Ԫɿʼִȴһޱȵ̯ӡ
ҪϢһҪԪꬵĲ˳Ϊͷ󻼵ͨѶ򵯵ĵطˡ
ۼԪɵĴѪ죬ϽǣϾԼǱҲлüë顣
ص룬ؾؾͨѶתվͨѶվǴʹתṹȫˡ
Ϊ֧ԮѪ壬ؾʣʲ࣬ؽЩվҪĲ϶ղ롣ЩѪҪṩ㲻һֻܿԼˡ
ͨѪ壬õһЩϣЩϸͲã޷ͬʱתվ
Ȩ⣬Ȱ޸ͨѶתվܹϵǵ۹Ԩ۹Ҫġ
ͨѶܹ֪ͨǵ۹÷ʹʹĲϹһ벻õϹӣʲô鶼֪ˡ


1031 ͼ
޺ͨѶģһ
ս˽Խ࣬ԽܹϢʱЧǶôҪ
ʱͨѶˣһƣȻĺ͡
ɫһżĺͿһֱڸԼϵɣֻǿͨѶŵƻ޷ϵϡܹĺϵ飬ԲǺϢ
æͨˣĺǽʹ˳£ϵˣ
ͨѶĸո޺ãм£ƽȵʵĺһǿŽͰ˲١
һĺͻָƽ˵£ҹǼʮˣܹһٶʮΧͼǣ
ţľࡣصͷԤ֮е飬ûжپʧɫı֡
£Ŀǰֹ۰ĺüͷţٻȱ֣Ҳ֪һûɶˡ
ЦЦ˵İɣڡȫؾͺãһȥ˵
Ļĺ͵ɫ˲仺ˣǽһüͷҲɿˡֻҪڣĺ;ûк¹
ͨѶҡͷЦЦ˵Ҳĺ͵һڡĺ͵ʵϾǺǿıôǿھԵʵǰվǲġ
ͼ˽սҲסˣʰһ¾ֱӷͼȥˡ
ͨѶ޺ˣǴ͵Ĵȴ̱ţ˵ɲǺϢ
ǵ۹Ǳߵİ޷ͼ뵽Χ֮С
дľӣÿһĶΪֲͼǵĴ治ܶôḻôӴġ
޸ܽǵ۹ֱӴͨǾͺ˵ˡüͷ˵˵껯һֱͼǶȥ
ʱתͼǵʱѾҹˡ
ǿʶһɨ֮£㷢ͼǵ汻ΧΧӪկġ
Ĺһ¾ӵ˵һٶʮûжٳ롣
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ΧеϵܵƣһӰģؾսһ̶½
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ģһӰǰڿն˸ŴĿĹ⻪ҹһ̫ۡ
ˣ˵ִţȻơ
һ˵ͬգǰһξ֮󣬴˵ƣòˡ
ǰЩӿǿְҲζϹЦ⣬·Ѿһʤˡ
ĬĬصͷֿ˵Ǻ˼
֮䣬ϻҲͲ˵ˡһͼǱƣ⡣㻹Ͷɣ֮ǰĽϣһүΪġɫȻ˵ĻﵽЩԾˡ
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ƣĺˣүҪǵ۹ǰ׳𣿡
ƳĬˣ˵ĲҲ֪֮˵Ŀ£Ը֮ţʹʧ
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ǾɣҿûгһЦصͼǵĳǽ֮ϣһ˫۾ضŴ


1032 ƴ
ò˵Ǹоͳ˧֪ؾ֮ž޴ʵ࣬õսǷǽӴԵԶ̴
ǽˣװһΡȻĵװˮƽؾԶȴǼؾֲһࡣ
Ҫľͳ˧ľϼѧϰ˲Чؾıָ֣Щ¾ֵʱʮֱǴľִһ
ûмչʾϵƣ෴ģưѽʮıкǰֻʮıΧͼĳǣڳǽʧǷҲûпӱ
ÿһϣƶǲȡľսʮĲӣȡھУ沿ںսչ
Ϊڻ쳣սӽɹ˿أ˹ҲǿԴݳˡ
ڣĸսͬʱжҺĻӵ£һ뵽ͼǳǽЧ̷Χڡ
䣡ƴͨѶ˸ս׼õϢ
䡭
ڷŭһſǰĵ裬һͼǵĳǽλãû˳ǽҲԳǽڻ
ͼǵйεĽ֣ؾĵʣǾеʷǳˡ
ͼǱҲЩеĲ䣬ķ£еĳʱҪͣһĶؾһغϵġ
ؾʴϾǳϱˣû磬Ҳǵ۹֧ԮǼֲ˼ġ
ǱߣͨѶתվո޺ãҪ޸ʹתվÿǵ۹һһͲϣء
ͼҲֻԼԼˡ
ؾսʿѾϰڻڳʱ壬ڻ
һҩĿըֹͣڻƴ沿ӽй
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Щñӳڵķػصսǰ棬ȻһѷģҲʲôսεǰɱ
ʮ⣬Щñܶͼγʲôвⲻǵ͵ô
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ƵЩõеƳɵģܹѹΪĲϡ
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Щñʧʱٴοڣ
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ȴǶĽ浨սľΪѾ쵽ԼĴ㣬ǾжԲߵġ
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ؾոտʼ֯˵ʱĳڿʼˡؾѾʼˣվܲڵٶȡһſڵؾкñ֮䱬ը
ҵıըñԼҵڻ죬ͻǰؾսʿȴǲܼʱ˵嵱Уһը
һղŻصĲ֫⣬ǲˡ
һؿɬû뵽ġ
۵Ĳᣬȴ޷ֹһеķ


1033 Ĵ
ǹݵģԼñȡؾսʿȻе̫󣬿ƲںΪʤҪһܹõֶΡ
ؾڳ嵱УԹһ£ؾڵ֮µǧϡ
ôһҲûԴȳʤߵҲСԾֹͣһ㡣
ñȻǿģܲܰеñһԶҽȥɣ
֪սʤؾһһϦ飬ʴԶǿؾֻҪţܰؾ
ǱߵؾҲڽܽᡣչؾڳشʱֻҪʱ䣬һܽġ
Ȼ޷ı䣬ڽսгƵҲһ־ܽᡣ
ֵľ»ԵЩأȻʮؾʧǧ˵Ǻܴ󣬿ؾڻģɱ˵еܲˡ
ʹ˵γµģԣҪγش¼ҵʱΪҾڵҩ㣬˳ҲʲôսĲӣŵ沿һͰǴˣ˭֪ȡ
ĺһüͷڰֱӿ˵Ҫ˵һ䣬ʵ½ΪҾͳ˧Ҫվȫֵĸ߶Ͽ⡣γֵȻ½沿йϵǵڽʡҩϧսʿĽǶȳġҪǵıض
ڽҲ˵Լ˵˵ȥǶ¼飬Ĳû˵
һ˵ͬĺ͵ֵķش̵ıеġ飬Ҳˡ˵ǣҾڴѷ״̬Ҳ˵ҪѷʣԱƱʵĵˡ
˵̾һò˵û뵽ؾһܹҪ˵½ľӣ˭ܱؾԣ˭ܱؾĺڹ⣿
ǣһеˣʹжϣٸԣôأ
ҽټҹҪս⣬ôҺúһ룬ѷ£ô̴ȥ
֣˵ڽˣҲͷޱȣûʴͺϻûݣ˼һô
Ȼ½̧ͷ˵£ؾսͣս䡣ΪͨսֲҾװ
½ԴӸ˶ӣһֱأؾԨ۹ĵ̣ҪԴڶӺҹġ
½һֱؾͶ֮ıΪͼ̬أԨ۹ؾľӢϤˣ½Ҳ˵ͼǡ
һֱͣ½ȻǴӶӪͶģҪȻҲѱν½ˡ
ܿɹǣ½ųɫƷʣҳϣ¸Ҷֲһ
½ʲô뷨˵˵ɣҪ֪ҿеǭ¿˰˵һЦԻⳡеѹֵա
ʱվԲ̫ѹ֣ҪȻһ̶Ӱ콫ǵһҡǶؾ˵㲻ûһѡ
гһĺЦ½ҲϰؾһЦգҲЦ£ؾһսСɲ͵Ϯ棬ؾ˵ڶû˸˵ǵһڵоʤڻͣǺβСɲӣɵǵӪأ
⻰һڽǰһҶ뷨Ŀʵʩԡ
۰죬ڽΪ½뷨Ըж˵ӪҪ빥ͼǣͱҪͨ沿ӽйһؾͿԽ̵ĳǷشо
ڽϣ۹ⶼͶŵʱüͷƺ뷨źܴǡ
նʱ˶ȴ
˺óʱ䣬Ż˵ƻС
ڽеԾˣ⵹˵ûзµڲðճǰ£һ㶼ȥ
ΪһΪսɻľǱأ˴ܣҲµĽðһЩȥ顣
͵ϮзӪƻǹðգȴźܴķջرɵзӪؾŤתս֣ӶѱԷԶ̻ǿѹƵľ档
ôˣ
ѵǱǿĹƸסˣᰡԼǵԽǿ־Խ߰
ڽ˵Լķ½轫Ľ鱾ûдƷ˾ޱ䣬ҲΪƻвͨ
»ϣû˭ϴһ˵½ʵ£ܸô
üͷ΢΢һѿЦ½裬ȥ͵ϮӪмְգ
˲˵ɰհɡ⻰õڽһϿɣΪؾûɹ͵Ϯ飬ⷽ棬ؾ͵ϮĳɹʸɣʷϿ½˵Щǫˡ
ΪʲôôİأЦʵ
ҾսսߣĿЯػװֻҪܹӽ˵ӪӦòɡ½Ļٴεõ˵һϿɡ
Ц½裬ôĶˣ֪֪˷ܰս˵֪ȴû֪˰ˣʹõǳڣƶԷǳã֮תƣȥɵԷأ
һڽ˵ɵˡ
ǰ˵ĳڣڽɶۼʶģƶǳڻϺߣ治ʲô°
˵һ½ԹĿѺö˶˵һӪˡ룬ѵƻһӵġĴɱܲĸαһôǼʹֶԱڵӰӶҲ
ڽϸ룬òȷʵǺпܵ飬ƱϾǸŷḻͳ˧һؿɾͬĿ
½ԴЩ˼ˡ
ȴЦŶ½˵½𲻺˼ʵѾǳˣֻ鷢仯㻹Ҫ۲죬ӶԷ˼άǣǧҪ뵽Ϊĵ˼ʽ
ĺɫ˵£ҾڼǻڣȴȻ˵ĻѹƵĺܲңҪþڵǿô찡
һ˵ĺͣĵпܳΪʵȥҪٵгڻ𣬶޷ػľ档һ㣬ҪмǣⲻΣǴĿ뵽ģǺܿͻᷢ顣
˵쳣ࣺһҪһ˼׼ǾǽҪһǰδѾ档ûʲûм̵ķԮûУҪһּ׿ľ¸˳ս
ո˵ͼ⴫ĺɱ۲ؾǰֱͨѶ죬ʾӦӦԡ


1034 ·չ
һʱ䣬첻֪ôشΪãճĴ򷨣ӦڻѹƣȻٳ沿ӽз档սͻڻѹƺͲлϵһ
ɸΪ֮ؾڵڵڵһſʹģ֪ԼشһͻʹϾǿɲһ仰ܹƲεġ
ϽѹƣȴһĽ˵ȴ˾ģϳ
գôиָӵɣΪ⣬ôǰԼΪѵָԱֵΡ
Ÿмһǰ´ѹƣȻʵʩͻϮ
ƺûбͼ⴫ļսӰ죬üͷ顣Ҷ֪λ¾ǰеһ顣
źóһʱ䣬Ȼ˵ĺͣǲǵսʱ򣿡
ĺЦ£ȻǵˡʱҾԺɨǧ֮ƹӣƵ˵¡££ѵ˼Ҫµ⣿
Цĺͣ㲻Ǵеһıһ͸Ҫµ·չĿǰĻԣͣҾеʼѷԽЧķʮͼǣûĸѰ
ĺ͸͵ǰʱػͼ̵ĳǷʩѾݻٵĲˡϿѰҵӦԵİ취ͼǵĽǼֲ˶õġʮ˵ػѹһ𣬲˼ҴԼҪ
ͷ˵Ҳôġĺͣϳ֣ͼڽصסһҪѵصĳõʮأҪͨ˴Ҳ޽ĵصԲǸΪ༫ӻҪгֵķ
˵Ŀת½裬Ц½轫ʮϤȥЭĺ޽صɡĺͣ½裬һؾܷŤת棬ҪˡʱȣһҪϰҪãҪסѹ
ĺ½˫˫ִ·ģһṼС
ο˵ľģҾͷˡ⻹һҪעǣҪĹǼͼǱԷΪƽأҲܹڵصаȻô
ĺͺ½ͬʱȻ˵һ
ͷתͷ쳣˵λؾٵģǰδеѺΣһпȫûĽֵ֡ΣѴ֮ʣһҪͬͬ£ѹأ
ߺȱز
ͼǵرֳ֡һ־ĺ½ھص׼ڸԿһ֣ǳͼµĳǷؾعΪĺͺ½ȡ㹻ʱڵص
ȡսǶ۵Ӹ⣬һͼǵĳзһأҲһĸܣ㹻װ㹻еʹ
ʱսľǺڲؾսߣսǿͳ˧ʿмߵƷʣһУʼѷ¶ԵЩ԰ˡ
Ҫʱ䣬ֻʱԣĺͲܹһøãǱҲ޽ôʹתվ
϶֣ȴǲԣʱġΪͷ۵ǣƺؾǰԸսһЩ͵Ϯɧ֮սȫհᣬȻЩʩЧζؾķļš
ʹռ˼£ƵָӻǷǳͲʲôðգóڷͼǵĳǷ
ػЧԽԽõ£ϾͰӪתƣȵٴõʱǰ档ҲǱؾƻֵػװøˡȻôƻҶԶ㻹ô
üδ쾫ͻӳȥҪɵӪÿһζ޹ɱĸ߼죬Ŵա
үΪҲѪˣĸ߼ٶ䱸˸߼Ԥװãһͻᱻ֡üΪ͸̫ͻӻܵ˲Сʧ
˶εʧܣҲǰ취ͣͻϮһϵж
ͣͻϮսǱϿʼ˺ҵػڻЭͬսģʽ
һأƺҪͼһڼִεıʽǡĲ棬Ҳɸɲֵľ񲿶ӡ
ؾԽԽֻܹؾսʿɱ˵˵
˾˼ΣٴϢģֹͣ˹
ЩĶɣԶǵ˲Ƶġսϵ̬ƣԶڽһƿ԰ѲӳȥؾȴҪʱ׼ս
ԽĺھصĽˣһƴḶ́ĺô֯ʩ飬Ҳ޷̫ʱ䡣
һĺΪѣǾھʵ̫ˣͲ֪ѷţܲܶѷŵڵıԵɣûͻᶴΧġ
еһۼؾԵ쳣Ҫĺ³ԣʱ䣬͵Ҫ÷ǳֶΡ
ѯһؾĿǰʣ¶ٵڵҩ㱨˶Ŀġеڵһ𣬲ͼĳһӪһҩ
쿴˰˵£Ҫ㵯ҩͻΧɡֻҪǼлѹһѹƶԷı˲䣬ǵĴ󲿶ȫڵзһ˺һɱȥӦǲġ
Ȼ飺УԲУƶԴ׼ĸϣƶԵز˼ΪսǲܳĸͻΧܵ˵ķֶ̫󣬶ͼǻôİգѵҪô
ԴоԼûʲô취ˡ
ȻЦ½뷨ǸһѣǲͻΧǲ¡
˵ϰͼܱߵͼóָ˵ȫ൱ľһμͻΧӪһƴͻΧӣȻһֲӣǵк󲿶ӣͿشˣõ˵ǾͿԻóֵʱ䡣
ǰһ£ðƿ϶ʶǾȻк󲿶ӵ⣬ƻȫʵʩ
ͷĬĬһ±
ͼУĺͳȥھصľжʮʣµıҲʮ򡣸ŵķлĸճάҪˣʵܹõĲҲʮҡ
ЩҪҪһȫҽȥòеĵʧģ̫Сͳ˧ȻῴһЩߣôεжпûκε塣Щȫȥʧ


1035 ͻΧǰ
Ϊȫֵ֣õģ
˺ܾã¶ġʱ򣬷ս벻ģ¾ģȴޱȾġ
찴ʮĹģȥΣΪȫҲҪͻΧļơ
ûκε飬ΪĹͷͣҲǲľġֻһԭǾôɣԼôɡ
սʱĶԱ׼ǷǳѸٿݵģǱߣ˲һʱ䣬ͰеĶԱṤˡ
ʱѾȫͻΧƻ
ӪȫеͼǶǵϣͨǵ۹ֱ߳ڡؾ״ǱҪͻΧܹƵĽš
ķͻΧԷΧȦؾԨ۹û̫ĸݵءؾǳ˰ΧȦҲҪнҪľζסؾ·߾Ϳˡ
ͻΧķʽѡԸʹõܼͳӵĳ档ĳΣڵӵгԣػڻ£ܵ˺ġ
û취ΪսԲ֣ؾҪܵģ
ļ϶ؾжһӪ˶λáͷҲ˶Ӫ󷽡ͷӵʮӣģָӵĶʮͻϮӡ
ںˣ͵ŶԷȰڳȻʵʩͻϮͻ̶ȵشҵ˵͡
Ȼ޷Ԥ֪ؾķϮֶΣǰԼԤսԼƻʱͰӪӺϳں׼ͼǡ
ڶǷϣûĳӪںƣؾ۲ˣϾһ£
ϷĲӡսҹͶӵĲҪԲһ㣬ԶĲǿһ㡣
ϷĲӣҲԶĲӲ࣬˳̻УҪǱһᣬҲűһ͵ġ
ؾеʣ൯ҩһʱϷĲȫɵˣΪǻûԹִܶڻǵζ
һʱ䣬ӪԱߵĹӣԼӪеںʿһ죬ܶˡ
˺ð죬Щ˲ŷӦǵ˽ˣϿܰ
ʮĲӣҪǾȻгˣͲʧ١һףͲܽĳˡ
ϷӵָԱǾְҪ£ӣЩʿͲָӣָԱͷת
ѣָԱۿȥҲܰɡ
ǵĳӪʿؾĽڻĴ¡
ϵ֪Ϣȵڻؾսʿֱɱǵʱž޴ѹ
ƵϣһٶʮĲӣؾֿܣҲӦԤ
ƵĵľؾƴͻΧԣؾͻΧķҲֻǶ棬ķͻΧؾûиݵصġ
ڵĹؼǣӦԵԤҪжϵؾǲͻΧжϳʧ󣬶ؾư㹥Ĳ֣ƿɾΣˡ
뵽ϵϷӵͳ˧
ûѯսϷͳ˧ͺɥһ߿࣬˵ԼĲܵҵĹ˧ϿԮ
ϹȥţǿѹסԼŭһֲɵ˵Ҽסķϳ˵оΨһѡǿҵֿסҷǵĲӵ󣬱˵㣬үҲ̣
Ϸͳ˧޳ˣ˧ؾж֪ģҾµǵֲס
ƨЩŭˣſؾͷӣųҪٶ㣬ˣƺһ߲Ѿ˴ڻĶ߲żΪսӦĸãֵʮ򲿶ӵĳûġ
˵еһ˿ưѼʮҲЩһĶҪǿöࡣ
ģҲ˵ﲻԮˣͼģؾӣĶǰͲ¶Ҫٹ۲һ£ֻҪؾǱͻΧһȫԮġ
ŻǰϷͳ˧סˡʱǰսֱˣͼǷٴɱʮؾӣͷӣֱϷӹķߡ
ѾʮˣƸоԼСĸξǱһǸؼĽڵ㣬ճͻΧģʽʮԺ󣬶ԷҪͻΧĻӦǴ󲿶ѹˡԷͻΧϷǺܹס
ﻹһĳӪԤľؾĴģϮʱʱٲӪʲôˣ
ʱƽͨѶˣ֪ͨǰĹ۲ڵĻ㱨
˧ͼǶǷ򣬼˴ľӣĿԣͲʮ򣬵оĿǰڼУвжٲӼᡣ
ҶͨѶ۾гһ졣ΣԼʮ򲿶ӼһӪϳԮߵϷӡ
ʱؾͷ򲿶ѾȽϷĶ߲ӷءؾѾûػл˺Ƶоķߣֻڴӽӽ˵߽лĴ
ڴֻ̣ڵķ֮һؾһڴǿпϷӵڶߵʱ򣬵ƵĽҪá
Űؾ˵ؾ֪֪׵ġڶߵĲϣͳؾһЩսоĵá
ڶߵϣȡͻмյزáؾ壬ôͻдؾȴйķ¿ԽвϵĻ
ϵıݣǲȡ÷µ޽֣ڵûнµĵ˵Ǻġ÷£ǲ˺Զ
ڷµǿ£ؾһڴϾǧ˵Ѫ֮СƾЩʧڴռڵ̷Χ֮ڡ
ڴӵĶӳһ£ڴӵڵڵȻȲڣɼܲסܼһݵ̼ûڵĵ깥֮¡
ϷΪؾͻΧ·ϣƶľӪʮġרŲЭ޽ݵ㡣ؾûڵͻЩݵ㣬ҪԴܹʵ֡
ԽǰؾͷΪڴӵ̫󣬶˻½ͻٶȾԽͻΧ÷ݵ㣬ڴӾȻǧ֮ࡣ
ͷʣµˣ󲿷ִ滨սʿԷݵǰκεİ
ÿÿԼڴӵĵһ£޲ϳȥͷӵָӹ֪ûκôġ


1036 
ڣڴӰϷ޽ԷݵȺ˺һӡͷӵָӹٿ£Ĳź˵оӪ̡
Ϸӽ뵽Ӵʱؾ滨ܼͻĸ߼еӳ˾޴ܼĵ£ϷĲʧأû˼̵ľݵУЩʿɽƵر塣
ܿ죬ϷӵĶ߲Ӿ˲Сɧҡҿ֧ӵ˧ӵƵƴүҪܵǣ˵Լͳ˧ˡ
·ˣͨᱬ˵սġ
λͳ˧ԴִӣӴܵʿ飬һɴĸѹ£ϷĴҵ壬ڻؾͷ
滨ȻСڶԸĵֿսʱԵúܲ㡣ۼƽٶּˣؾͷӵָԱְѽƶ˵ڴӵȥڻ𸲸ǹ
˫ԱʧϿؾͷռ˱ˣھսЧԼԼսĿϿؾԶûдﵽϷȡõЧ
ϾϷӰؾͷӽѹڶһߣؾ裬ͻƲ˷ߣǾǳͷβʧܡ
սһÿһս׺ŵĻ˧֧ԮϾҪסˡ
ƱһӵĻ𣬿ֱֲƿڴΪһḻоͳ˧֪ϷѾΪŵʱ̣ʱܿһССĲͻᵼߵı̡
ЩԸ߶ԷǿԮѾֻҪټְʱһӪͻѾĲʱʲôͶˡԣǧһ仰ֻҪ㶥סͷ
ʱ
Ϸͳ˧Ҫ޳ˡ
˵˵֪Ƥʹ㲻ؾһҪǰͻȻûػڻҲǳصģֻҪһ㣬ԷǱ滨һ죬Ҳס
ʱù
棺˧оĸѾˣʮ֮ڣ˧ʾ£
λͳ˧ͨѶһңֵưһʾ¸ƨҵӶסߵǣʱֻҪʱֻҪӶסʱ͹ˣ
Լͳ˧ĳģסˣϽƨȥ˧λͳ˧һ룬ԼҲɣȻŭ鷢ŭŹؾǿɲġ
ԷӵؾϷͳ˧Ҳ湻ݵģѸٵӣߵʽѸѸ֯˵ֿڶߵĲ´һ߲ҪܣֱӾ͵ǵ˸ɵͬҲߵĲ´
ܹѲӱ·֧Ҳث֣ϷĲӱ˾˵սڵһߵĵ沿ӣҽؾͷӡ
ؾ滨Ĵ£һϷӵ£ǵ˵ʵ̫࣬˸˾޴󣬿ؾͷӣ˲ҵĽսɱ
ؾͷΪЯľеԵʣĵ˽нսʱ˿һƲԣӴƹֱȡԷĵ沿ӡ
Ϸͳ˧ߵĲӳȥǧؾһԷƣǾʲôˣ˭Ҳס
Ӧ˵뷨ǾȷġƲõİ취ǳ岻һ뵽ͣͣվڵвɱ֧ӵĳͻٴ룬̺ĹҲ֮½
Ҳʶۿŵطֶγؾĳס֪ʱһԷĵ沿һǷǳΣյġ˵ԮӸȻڼƻڵģȥǻԿġ
Ҫǰǰֵľƣؾ
뵽һǣҳ尡
һȣս嵽зʿԲս˼ʿϷӵʿһôͣﻹҽǰ׷׶ɷ
һãӾ¶˳ߵؾսʿҲͬһ۾ǰ壬Щ˵Ϸսʿͳɱ¾Ķ
һΧսʿԽսԽ£зսʿȴԽԽӣĴ£ؾսʿ٣С׷
ϷߵսʿʼҡۿžҪ
һУϷͳ˧ż˶೤ʱ䰡ˣƴ˰ɣ
ǣһϰϷͳ˧Ƿ˾ĺУıͶ뵽սŵС
ؾĴ£ոһƣϾͱϷͶ벿Ӹ
˫ɱһͻΧһ־սζ
Ϸʱ򣬱¶ûоžսľ飬ʵʱؾеĲȫˣѾûлİȫϷЩȫؾĺ·
ȻΧؾ̫ʵɱϾܹؾ˼ɣΪ˷ֹΧƱҪһͻؾ뵽սС
ϷĲӲûôͿԴؾһ˼ǰˡ
Ϸͳ˧Ĳӳ棬Ҳǰؾͷѹһ¡ؾ٣װսʿװ֮ϼ¯࣬ǻоģսľ飬ʸϷĲӱǾں֮ڵĲࡣ
ƴɱϷӵ߿ʼҡˡʿǵѡں˭Լͳ˧Ǿͻӵˣ˴ˣԼͳ˧˵ʲôҲûˡ
ӱµӱһˣΧ˾ͻ᳹ʧȥֿ־һСƬ˱ųֱ
ʼʱϷͳ˧ܹɱӱӱԽԽ࣬ɱɱˡΪӱƼˣ㲻ûйԼʿǿ̫ԩˡ
ʱͨѶˣҪ硣
ĲӣŶƫϵķ롣Ѿָλã죬Ȼҵڿǲ˵ģ
Ϸͳ˧ֻ۾һȣᶼˣڶȥˡ
ƫϷˣλͳ˧´һ
Աߵױӳܹ󺰵˧ܰɣѾܵĲˣʣˣٲܶܲˡ
⻰Ϸͳ˧ĸͣһսʡˣͷ׷󲿶Ӿܡλͳ˧ۺᣬжҷɣؾǱ滨̵ӡڿзɣ˼Һðӡ
Щ֪ļһҪоսɵٿ죬ܿ߼еĵٶô
ۿһļһɸӵڵϣϷͳ˧ʵʵӱһܡ
֪ԮˣҲ֪˵ĳӪ쳣Ūþǰ治Զĵط
ռƻҪ˵ģɲɱۣؾѵأһʱ£ס
ߵȫɳȥͻǰĲӣһҪϿ쳷ˣ


1037 ʱ
£ĲӣһƥֵҰͣһѵġʮĲӶףɾˡ
ȥ£ӣɲ£нУǳƴĳڵĸǷΧ
ƿϸһؾٶȼϾ֪ؾǳ˵Ľ࣬ҲؾǷѵ֮ڣӪʼǡ
ؾôͣѪ֮ںҲֻǱ¾ˣÿһڵȥǼʮϰٸսʿ죬ܹ²֫ϱ۵ģ뵯ŵԶģýģʲôʣ£
Ŭ֮£ؾӲͣȵ´ﳷʱʮؾʧأȻʣ²ˣ
ٻ죬Ҳ֪ⲻŤתġռƻ첿ӻٳͼǡ
սǱߣȴ˿ûʤϲáɱĥ³ĸоЩ󱳷ʾǷʱƿڴƨôģܹմ˾ͲˣôһڳԸӣ
ҲʲʵǸк˧ֻּܾ׷ǿԼܵʵ޷άսǿʱܹ˵ġ¸Һǻֻж߼汸ܹС
ֻῴͷ̵Ĳӣ˵ʵڵģûָܹӲ̡
뵽ƵĽͨѶˡؼһͨѶģֻر²ʹá
ƵĶᵽɤˣ֮ͨ󣬾Լܻ
˧ˣԮʱ˧ʮͼɱֱ˶Ǳߡǰ֪֪ͨͨһˡתǵĲǵסۿžͲˣ
ƾ;ǰһڣûιȥʲôǰ˵Ϊʲô֪ͨǣ
˧ҲôʵģɶǱߵ˵ϻش˵ʱǲҲû֪ͨôһִ̫ˣˡ
ԲۣƺݺݰͨѶˤ£ӻԮԼķ
ǱòصĴۣߵĴʤӵļʮ򲿶ӣۼؾʮģ棬ﻹŵֿҪ֪һξʦ˭֪λյľʦж
ӵ˧һôɱԥӳˣûʲô𡣶ӵĲһͳ˧ôӢľϣϼִͳ˧ȻʮѸٲȡ˳롣
뵽һܲǣӵͳ˧Ҳشľ飬ֻ׼ǸɣͲ׼Ǹˣ
ӳȥȴֵ˳øɸɾȥ׷ȻԤսԷ룬ԾͼתϱƵҹӴӪɱȥˡ
ƵĴӪȻӵĶ򣬿ؾȴɱ˶ӲǱߣ׼Ҳ׼ʱ˵ġԮʲôģֻҪҸûӵ֮ĽڣȫԺŪȥ
ˣҪб˳ľƵĴӪôҲû뵽ؾͻȻתͷɱ
ȿɱڵؾʱ򣬲ʶ׵Ѿ˳ˣܾܰɣΪʲôϴһܣûԼϻҲû˼ң֪ⱨӦ찡
ӪƵɱû˭ҲԵ˵ŲڣھǸһҲ˰
һƣףܰɡЩܵҹӣ㻹е֪ȥĴ˧㱨һ
ҹĴӵĴһӵĲǿؾϾˡϺܳԣҹĲӾͲˣûϵʱ򣬻ڹؾתͷʱܶˡ
еؾͼУڻѻ쳣ڸ˼ˣа˷йط
ҹ´ǳˣû˼սؾٶȼ죬ϾͳӪկݣҹĲӽһ𡣶ں޶־Ĳ˵Ͳսһɱ
г˵ҹĲӳ󲿷֣ɻսʿؾˡ
ҹĲӣûòӽ׷û塣òӼϳǷɱֱԶĲӡ
ԶĲӾ͸˵ˣһҹĲӻˣϿʼóܣؾɱԶӪǰѾȥӪˡ
ؾжϷظˣŶʮؾͼ˴ȦʣӪȫˡ
ȻսϿؾԿˣɴսϿõԼԤڡ
ǻصǸ㣬ؾҪʱڵصôһ򣬰üɹӪկûһȫģؾûɱˣҲӪկˡ
սʿȻ۵ġΪսԣЩǱҪģ
ؾͻϮǱ߼ֱҳһˡ
񳷶£ס˿ֻŵʿЩһĵһǱ˴磬ôһϷ׷ͨԼ䣬״
үͨѶģǴڴ򱬵״̬ԶĲͳ˧ͨԼӸ״˵Ƽȣء
Ǹ״˵ӵĲأԼĲܵ޴ʧϷĲǸ״˵ƵĲûЧֿ֯ԼĲӲִٳʧҲС
ûȿүӦӵĽϸϡƽͣԼǸݵսô˵ɵؾսʿǹͿĨɱġԶĲһЩʧҲΪȫ
ӲӸԼĽͣ˵ؾƴԼ޷ֵΪ˸õĹִ᳹бʵؾʿսԷ룬Ӳȡʱȴ
ΪҹĲܹ赲һ£ԼôӲ֣û뵽ҹĲӾȻô֮£ֻóˡ
үͷˣǧ죬Ļ壬һĲ֪ôЩ֮߳ĵɢˡ
һ󣬾Իǲȡϡİ취һսνȻͬͬ£ͬԸ
˵ʲôؾȻ׶񣬵Ҳǳòˣڹ¾ֻҪҹͬŬסָտɴ
ˣǰȶסˡ
һս𣬿ү˶ֶۡӪʵĲ°ںٴͶ뵽սУҪʹӦ
үǱ䲻ʵģֻٸЩ˻伢λҪŬһ㣬ֻҪеĵ̶ʧȻʮٱõġ
µʵǵʵģǵĿү⼸ת־ǵɷǡֻҪסԼû¾ˣ¸״֮ΪתߣжΡһ׷սˣ϶Ͷ뵽Եʲˡ
һսؾ˵ûκεŤתսֵ塣
ôսʿõʱ䣬һܹԼչռսʱ䡣


1038 ɽҿ
ĲʧȫԼϡڰܽϣʾԼ֪ͻΧķо޴ķյġ
֮ҪôĲյأһսϵľ
ʱ䣬һжΪʱ䣡
ͼǴԨ۹ĸأڱжϴʹĹӦ󣬻ڹ³ǣؾʳȴ㣬Զ̵ĻеѾĹˡ
ͼЩؾѾ߱Էչϱִŵսˡ
ĺ͵ĽȻԣѾѵصɵѾŪãҪģڱĴ۸ӵĵ½ṹҪһʱġ
ؾųȥĳ򣬲ϰ㱨ʮ죬Ĵ󲿶ӾͿԲеأٴιͼǡ
ʱ䣬ؾʱ仹㹻һʱ䣬ĺͱʾҪ޽ɱĽģʽҪܳʱ䡣
˰죬Ҳûܹӳʱİ취Ͱڽеһһ¸ô졣
ԳδȵʱٽһϮΪؾŵòᣬֻҪؾҳƣǻǲҴġ
飬õڽһͬƼ˲£δһð취
룬ǷƻΪڻڶĵطᣬôľϣģĲӣ϶޷мġԷʹǺûϢˣؾҲް취
ﻹؾʦϮԶһϣؾʧǳ֮
ȴУģȴǿСİһ룬Գŵ˾δʱ򣬸һСģ͵Ϯս
սȻԵ˽ǣɵѾ羪֮һЩʱ仹ǿԵġ
ᷨõ˺ܶ˵ͬɽ𻢵ĲԣؾûиɹҶڱ˵˵Ч϶ܺá
ĲԳˣڽھʵʩϳ˷硣һֽΪӦöɳ֧Сֶӣרżŵ˵Χɧš
һֽΪʵ̫࣬ȻǱˣôҲΪСӶţһ˶ϣҲǺΣյġ
ۺ˴ҵԼİ벽ԪӤӳҲ࣬ʹʮˡĿҲҲȽס
ؾĴ󲿶ӣ԰ĺڵصŪǽԵͣõΪͼ޽£̫ģ˳ţԽڵص޴ɷŵ⡣
Ѵ󲿶Ӵ󲿶ȫĺͣøųǷڵصǴԸĺ͸
벽ԪӤӣơǲ򲻵ѾʹãڿһЩǳֶΣ޷ͼӮ̫ʱ䡣
Ӱ벽ԪӤѡʮԱ϶䱸ؾĳսûҪҲЩ˵ʵ¶óģͲҪóǿΪʵ
Щˣ뿪ͼǣפķȥ
˵ԿӰǻ֮ȥġͼǶλüᣬͼǷڱѲ߶ӣһͼһλãֹܹͷԵ̽ӡ
ȴûЦƵСΪھһ;޴ë
һأҿǰ벽ԪӤڵĸ֣Ȼܵڰ֮£ʮ˻治˵ܹĸء
ǰڳһڹһķɽưеɽչ˴ĸҪӪҪŽ䱸ɭϵķ
ʮˣƵĴӪת˰ȦķۣҪеκһֵעԮ
ߵһСɽȻԶչǧ˹ģĶ飬ѺһѵӪķߡ
ĬĬһ¾룬ԼЩ˽ǲʲôġӪеԮҲô졣
ʵǵĲܷʣǵӪ׷Щȫ˵ġؼЩ˵Ϊʵܱ֪үǱ֪ôһ˵Ĵڣǿɾ͵òʧˡ
뵽еȫϵ·װһܵӡȻҡ֧ʵĶӭȥ
߾ɽҿԡҪӴ˹·ƣһƦƦӣҡͷԵصסӵȥ·
ӸտʼʱŵòᣬһǰôˣһݿܵӣȫЦˡ
Уٵָ˵۵ĶҲӣľʣ֪ԶжôһٶʮһһĭܰЩܸүãһ·ȻжԴõ
ӦУٵģӿĴЦû˵һٶʮ㻣˭أүŵƬôһҲûһģϽү·Ǯ˵֣үүǹɱ񣡡
ӲûⷬҭڵĴٶûмˣ˵˵ȥһһףܲеʵĶҲԽƣӰ
Уһ֣һʿУǰһſִì͵Уһ°̸
ˡ˼ָЩʿ˵ʲô˶۸ٰǣ⸽ʮɽͷҿǴɽͷ޵ֵġǶСǵС
ôĻôôù⣡УЩͷˣϻʿ
һʿϼװ£ܣеǣҪǵϰ
ʮ벽ԪӤӵǿסЦ⣬զզȥһץס˳ʿĳìķԸǲʹΪġ
벽ԪӤЩˣʹҰЩʿŵЩʿϣȭͷʹ
Уһγս󺰵˷ˣȻٹپǣ¡
ûУʿ֣һУٵǰһȭֱУٵŴУٻӵҪֵȴһУȭֻ;סУٵӡ
УҪѣȴѵһŤУٲͰӴһֻһᣬѾУٵսһתѾУٵĲϡ
ˣˣ໵һɤӣ˵עȫתƵԼϣôһԴģƴôǵĳѾסˣƴʲôͣ㣡
һǧӵʿȫɵˣٱ˼ҿסˣ˼˵ģƴʲôϽ±ɡ
أԱɽϢ԰벽ԪӤӵ˵ѧŵѧŵ㣬֪ɶֻҪѧЩ£Լȥռһɽͷǲġ


1039 һɱ¾
ԱǿҪЦĸоͷֵǣϴѧˡ»ռɽͷʱһסĽ̵ġ
ͷУ˵ôģһƲģ˭ôԸ˾Ǯɶ¶ûô˵˵Ѻ˵ʲôҪֵǮģֱжҾˡ
УٱڲϣĸӲ
æĵúúûʲôֵǮĶһЩڵǹӦʹõģܸ֣̇ܲһ
ڵʲôװһӵʵ
Уٲ޳û뵽ԼȻᱻһʲôɽݿܸŪ
úڵǴʹõĵҩֻҪȥͻ۵һըȻܶܶˡҪľеʣֲǿɶҪԴġ
ըǲǸ̻һôȻ̻ҲգҵùЩ̻һҿû׼ˣܰǷˡ
ʲôУٲӵɳУûнడڵ̻ţλɽܹó
һԱʵ̲סˣֻаЦߵУٵǰûϴô˵ô⸽ʮ˴壬˭֪ϴ˵ɶ˭ûи˵ֵġ㰴ϴ˵ȥϻһСӲϴĻǱһ첲
ĶԱϽͷ£±˿Ѿ̲סЦݡ
ȴһ˵͵͵ô¶˶֪ˡˣ˵ǮҪ̻
Уٲ޳ˣúǳִоﻹʲôǮڵĲ̻ܵţըĻ˵ġ
ޣӾͲˣŸ̻ˣ˵ţһԱһŬ죺ȥóɶĶôˣҿŻ˰ɣ
ԱϴѺ˵ĳȡһڵݵǰ
һǳʹõڵȻûֵҩʵɴڵƹϣͿȷǳʹõġ
ĶӦͰҪľеʣӦôʹͣôúսһǧأ
ְڵ˶ԱһУ٣۾繳һ㶢סУ١

ÿ뵽Уٵļ
ܿҵԼҪ֪ĶԭЩڵͨģֻԶϷݿܼүûŪ⣬ǵҲЩҰװж
֪󣬱ųһ亹ⶫҪǱҰװжˣһʮĴ̼仹ˣ
үһı㻹ûǣǲˣֳ۶ӡȻװжɣЩ˻һʲôֻУ˵ƾǹԼˣʲôôԶռ
˼£ͳ˧ʿڵ
ǳ׷ˣΪ˱Ϊ˱ֱϵŽᣬΪԤԼŪƾͰڵŲԶԼһ͹ȵõʱз䡣ʱ˭˭ȥɡ
ϲӦ岻ˬүưؾͨѶдʹжϣϾͰԼĴ͵ǰˡ
뵽ſУ٣ôģ̫ˣ˰죬ȻǸˣɱҲûǮҴǷʱһȥ˵ġ
УдһǷЩ˸ˡ
ߺһԱ˵ЩãͲǻȥй¶ǵ٣
ЦģҪǸ˵еǳеġǻùͬˣԲ͸¶ֵġ
¸ǽǸô찡
˶ʮһ͵Ĵ󣬹תʵתվӦðطˡֻҪͼǾͻгʱԼ顣
˵꣬ʮˣǸУԺеĵͼķ£ȥ
˰ءµľ񲿶ӸȫʩҪԣӦɳ˵ĹģôҲ뵽ԼһٶĴ󣬻ᱻ˶ˡ
԰벽ԪӤӵʵɱȥƻʹûκεġ⻹ĵǸ⣬ܱ¶Լôĸ֡
ҹɫƻ
Զ봫ʹʮλǱһ죬ȵҹʱʮϢ˴ľݵ㡣
ݵĴ·䣬ͨǸУٵļ֪һЩΧڰڣ⣬ؼҪظĺۼ
˳֣ҪþеͨսӹõһɱУð벽ԪӤڵֶɱˡ
뵽ݵڲΪԼЯԵؾԵȻԼ˰Ѿݵеؾһɱ
Ϊ˰Ϸ㣬רԵʿûɱºǿүŲΪԵɱ˶ỳġ
ڴʹ㹻ʱ߱ƷȻʮ˴ݳ
ȵƹӪʱ߱ƷŷҵıըӪʱҳһ࣬ʱ䣬ͼӪɱһٸըĴص㡣
ȴĹЩ飬ʮ˻صͼǡ
ؾ鱨˲١ٴγ˰Ҵץͷ֪ڲֳìܣ֮䣬ʱĦ֡
ץʱڵصүǱߣǱŪýͷö
Ӧ˵ָӶԸͼǵսУܹʵսүǱȽġ
û뵽׷׸״˵Լͳ˧öռԼ֮ϡڵڵҪԼȡȻٷָˣ˭֪˶ٺôأ
ƵĽͣүҲ֪ôΪʲôһ֪ҰװжڵôҲΪİȫ롣ɾںԼƵĴг£ʹΪڣҪơ
Ϸͳ˧ΪƵסؾʧأгԶĲΪԱ̫ҲƽѵڻӵĲǲ뿴ҹһҶ󡣷Ƿһ𣬾Ҫѹҹơ
үĲôҪ˵ƾŸѹ̬ƣܹѹѹƵ̫ˣʵ䷴˵ģֻҪЩ˳˲ܹÿүù
ҪǰƳˣУҲƸܹʤͳ˧һְˡ˺þãүսγͳ˧ƣһҹıͳ˧ɡ


1040 ƽͼ
İţöǻͷԼûʲôܹõóֵˡ
ﻹһ㣬չŵһЩͳʣµĶˣûܳͳ˧һְ
ϷԶ͸˵ˣҪǴɽͷΧ˸˻У˵ڴ˵һĶ
ȥҲֻҹսֵĲŻ⵹ֻҪڶʵˣûʲôþˡ
Ҫ㶫ǲʵʵڵģҪȨ뷨ҲǸ뷨ѡҲ֪֮Լȥûͻᱻĭ
үû뵽½ô飡˶Ϊ֮һ©°ƽɽȴǸķһҪοһȺ˵ֱʹ
ˣװʧˣǵһҪìܣװֱûˣ
һЩɧүôȥҲǰ취˵ʣؾѾˣȻ˼ҸӺԶĲӻǲսӣ״ǡ
ǧҲһӹ˾˭˵أҽȥôװЩǴĺöộˣǱһɻ𡣡
Ҳ̲ס˵үȥЧôͿ˵ı֣ҶǰװĵûϵӰ쵽ǵļƻǾ͵òʧˡ
үҲһΣ˵ģҶ֪һûУЩˣǺȥ׷ɱȲ˵ܲܣǸǶϣҪĴۣ
һ仰˶Ĭˡܹ֮ɱĴۣ붼⻹ʵʵǶս²ŻᷢģһƴԼ˳شһ¿үˣȻܣǾ͸ˡ
ʼʱһֻѷҹΪֶΣڿȻ˲ɻȱֶˡֻҪһʳƵ޿˵£ŻʹǾսǵʱ򲻹жʧֵõġ
˵ү̾˵ҲҪ̫ˣؾǰսĲӣЩӱǿĲһǰ㡣ҪжؾһЩʩЩɾˡ
ǧ첻ɵõͷ͵ү˵ĺеôһ˵ҵ˾ؾôһûбĴҴܣ£Ͳˡ
үЦǧ죬ôˡϣҲǧһ뿪㣬˱˵ȻȻӡı֡ͦá
˵۵ʱ򣬿үҧгˡ
ĬȻͺñһȺȥǣܲըɢܣѾҵˣҪʲô
üͷʵүĪ롭
үӻֵڻܹ˼ʲôأǵĳѾóˣѵһҪ˽ôǿעΪһЦˣ֮˽½Ҫְˣ˵ˣ˵ĻͻԽԽ¡
æ̯ӣؾǱҲùһԶ׼ʵǣ˴ʱؾ޷Կġ
ڵصҲһ׾ܹ飬ؾнʮȥս֣ͼԭľЩȫҪõȥȻǰȫƴĹҲ˸еֵġ
ƵصʱҪѶԷܹԸķȫ뵽ҪӦӦԣصͲһĵطҪйص㡣
ʲôľͲ˵ˣҪǵзмҵֶι
ص¹˼ڳεʱؾȥĳһܲõϢѾϣͼǵķ򿪹
Ҫʮ򲿶ٴγһ£Ϊͼǵĵ¹Ӯʱ䣬뷨ˡ
˼ȻǾ˳ֵ׼ؾ˵ʮ򣬾ȫȥԵװݵװãڵĳ£ͻһ
̫ˣȥʱˣ
ʳȫתƵ£Ȼϰճ£ΪǵλǴڵصλãȳ¡
ôţпǵĳɷеġԸǾԲڵصġֻҪкʵĻᣬһģһҪ󣬵Ҫ鷳ġ
ϰպؾλصؾǳ鷳ԾͰͼǵϰշŵصУؾڵصΧھӵж
ϰոո͵£ûȵؾʼʱĲӾͿͼ棬һأƺģһҪͼǺƽء
սȻ˧Щ黹һֲðŵġϾƵôʱ˧˽ıսҪ࣬սƶƻ񽻸ִС
ҲһԼݵһ׷óѲõĳӪȫϣͼǸƽˡ
ؾ˵˫ԶĲؾûԶػװѹơҲ˵Զ̹ϣؾֻбķݶ
˳䲻ڵģһĻãʹͷ
ùģһӪǰУһӪǰӪĺ󷽡ÿԸǰӪֻҪؾǰӪһǰӪƤҪ죡
ĲãЩ޽ĸоҪɵһӪؾȥʱҪǰӪһ٣ò׳嵽ǰӪӪֱӰ
˺ܾãҲûƽİ취𣬾ͼǵĽȡԷڵɡ
Ǳ߰ں֮ϾͿʼ˰һڻ𹥻ڵʹãͼΧĳǽʼһ졣
ֻҪи߳ĶǾµĻõʩһ뷨ƽ
ͼ½޾£ϵڻ£ΡΡȻˡ
ͼУûһĽˣǲԫϱڣܹЩģģһǽˡ
ڶӵĿϲֵܵ쳣侲ΪǶؾ˽ʶԶˡ
ӲԹģΪؾѾ졣ȴΪûô򵥡
磬ؾôôüͷʵ
սЦܣֵĶһġҪȻҲ´﹥ͼǵͬʱǵʱ׼ˡ
ǰؾ׺ҲҪ汳ģڻôܼǳһҲǲܵġھȻһ㶯ûУ̫ˡ
˵ţԼƤ


1041 ԫϱеɱ
սһ˵ñȥɣˣ֪ͨ˾˭ֻҪȳ嵽ͼǵλãͼǾ͹˭ˡ
Ӧ˵սͦġԼթñȥסеջҲǲ赲ġ
ͼȻΪƽأҪλȴûûбİ˭ֻҪӵƬصȨ޽Ԩ۹貵֮һ
ӵĲͼǷĲӣΪǵĵ̣ǿжߺ󣬶ζŹ⸴
ԶϷĲӣ𿴴̲ôһ̵ʱԴޱ⡣ؾµҪѣߣѣ
ۼҪһͼǷ棬ɵðЦҵģԹñˡ
Ϊ˱ⱻָҲ˹װ˵Ҷѣôܹأ˵˰ҹͼǵһݡ
ޣ˵óڣ˭ռͼǵ˭ռƬأ˵İɣ˧Ү˵ôܹڣ
ǰռΪսͣǶ嵽ˣǲŹܺ棬̵ǻʲô˰
ƣΪֵܰѳҹľӾ˲ˡȻˣҪչأʵʵһȥүؾ£ô
Щ޳ܵĻֱ졣ЩؾǰֻѾӾܵ죬Ȼ˵ؾĻƳﻹ
һ֣ùԱʿӰ򣺡λǵУҿɶ¼ˡǵţһ淴ӳġ
ƣΪ˭ǣȥ氡µȻûӰϣɴҶܱ˴֤㻹ܵô
࣬ĭΧƣͰ
ҪľЧװߣȴֻȿţŰɣҪǲݺʰһү־͵д
һߣͼطɷҲһ鱦أ˭ء
ִһʣ׷ǿԼˡ
ӵĲӽ˵Ȿǵµĵ̣ڰؾˣȻӦԭС
ϾͲˣʲôǶӵĵ̣Դӱռ֮󣬾Ѿˡ֮أսѾ˵ˣ˭ȵ˭ܹõ
ǣ˭ȵĶչ˼ҵıۡ
˭Ҳûע⵽߲Զλãһǽһ͹Ĺİ£ºһĶڳǽȴĵط
һڿڣںɭɭĶڻƶ
ˡ
𣬽žһҵرը
ղŻΪͼǹ󳳴ֵʱɵˣԼߵսһ죬ĿĹâϹۣΪԼһ㡣
ĶԽԽ࣬Ӷӿؾڣηı滨
ղŻţƤ岻ؾǱЫƨһҽûͷӬһҴܡ
ؾеǸ˲С˺ײУ̤µؾɵ˺Ҫ
ǱͼǷ棬ؾҲȥ׷ϣΪ˵ӪͰųĿ
Ƚˣͼǵķ浱У˵ԱûгЩͼзĲҺû˸ڹȥǡֻԼ˵Ķѣڰҵȥ
ʱĽŻعζֲƶڽռͼһҲԣٶȻôս磬Ҫͼܲһʱ֪ôԾѵȥ̽ͼ
̵ģ״
˳ΪѵͲô
ֱ׳ĸ״ȴṩһϸӰϣʾ˶Զߣ˼Ҳȥ
ȫˣ
˼ƺˣڸӾ͵أ
ʵǰ˭ƿԣһưͿֻӲȥ
ս߼еһôͼǽ⡣һأĽҲѧˣ˵㰲ţǶͲҲҾ;
ԴˣսзжĴĸϣҸԳһǧˣͷͼǵ顣
ƽٶҪһ£˭Ҫǵǰֱ׷ͳ˧Ρ
˵꣬ûĽ˵ս͸Щˣ˼˭ҪܿԴС档ڻʲôĺ˸Ų
ھӵУٴһѹ˰սŵ鹤ëҹľҲУ˭Ҳ˵ʲô
Գһǧˣͼǵĸϣͼǵĸؿʼ顣
Щ첿ӣ֪󲿶ͼλó˴ġǿԼ˵ʬ壬ǸĥЩ˴顣
첿Ӷ첽ѼУһĥ䣬˭ǰעŵܵ·ϣ˭ҲûйΧʲô
ž
һĵƿУһʿͨһڵȥ
ʿΧˣϷ׷ԵٿǸصʿؿڴһСĶڣѪȪӿһӿ
ֵ裬ûмʶרŶԸǵ裬عûʲôôġ
޽˵صԺȻеԸģĵûЧɶԸ˵ȴǺܺõ
ĴָУиʽƷͰЩѻľеóŵؾսʿ
ѻķǵƵģȻûб滨ɢЧ󣬿ʤܹ׼ڶԸɢѻ𺳣пܱȱ滨Ҫ
һʿŶһ£û⣬ո̧ͷһžѻɹϾͰʿͷǹƿ׻ԽӼѪ䣬Χʿȫܲ龰ˡ
໵һһʿվܣûڶһѻķ˱طŵڵء
еˣе˱ȽϴҲſڵŲͲԼ¶ڿµľѻΧˡ
һã׷Ч¡
ʵվŽȥſųʿҲ֪ԷжԶһֱԼĲӽǰŷ׷ҽܻԼӪ
ս֪̲סͷޱȡһսʧҪ£ܲ°Ѵ󲿶Ͷȥ
ҪɳСɲ飬˭Ҳ̽ʲô״
붼룬ھ˭ҲҲȥȥ֮󣬻ұһͨǲܷġ


1042 ĿӪ
˰죬սϳǿķƣٴν뵽ͼ顣
õһɥƾٵø߸ߵģԼǶڶ֮һͼ濿
ϵǣһص쳣˳ǲûʲôٶȻȴǺ׽뵽ͼĸλá
ͼĵشϣĻϲûиǴο෴ģǿҵĲǿˡ
ȻӶϱڲԫУһؾսʿһðŵǱ滨װЩʿΧס
ûлûкûмҵ֣г˹ڼ£ֻżķŨصĺ
ॣ֪˭ĶƵ䵽˵ϣ͵ǽеˣӵҲ׷Ч£ӵԼеĶƺľе
ΪΪޣԼпƣǾͷܷĹԼһ
ؾսʿҲû뵽ȻͶˣ
ҪǴЩˣǷַӵ飬ɱһص飬㲻þͻɵƴĺ
ڽؾϸĹ涨ֻҪɱԱϾǰշ²ֻг£ſԲһ¾
˰죬ؾսʿЩѵװһߵЬӶʣ£ͳͳ˳ȥ
Ӧ˵ؾսʿδԶġЩȥԼˣ˶֪ԺӦ԰취ֻҪͶؾǲɱġ
սǶĽŭɣѶָûӰˣɳȥǧȻѵֻʣһڿ㣬ʧ󣬿ȴǽʵʵ
һս͹ܲôˣɳϹţԹΪȵɳ沿Ӹͼɱ˹
ؾĵֿǳǣѹϵʱ򣬼ʮؾսʿͶڲԫϱڵĺ󷽣þѻһʿ
սʿȻӴ󣬵ܲסһΧеȫֻŵһ磬ƽٶȻʮսƿڴڹҲٶҪ졣
ϻϻսҲֻǿԹ벿ҪСģƽôĲƣؾǾѻֻǱĲӣվҪû˳еġ
ĴôվһͼƽȻȺУ˴˷ıը
ף
˴ս³ֵ飬ɾŶµɧңɧҶµĴģͻͲ̤
ȵ˵ӻôһ㣬־Ȼʧǧϣ⻹˵ãȥһٶľҲܲסôʧ
ս߳ŭӪѾֻʣ²ԫϱڵͼٴνлǡ
սû뵽ǣؾڵжڷ𶯣ؾָ˷
ؾ޹˼ɵؾھڵĺȫڸסˣڵӪĽ£ؾ㹻ĸ߱ƷһͰһӪ졣
ɰսŻˣؾܹڵӪĵ£ܹڵפصĵ£ҪǶԷ㹻ĸ߱ϵĻɵذһ졣
뵽սϣӺʮסӪկ֮սԼӪǰڳһʮɣԼɵǵ
ǵؾ²ӼʹڵҲᱩ¶Լ٣ʱʯͷңҲܰѵ˴ˡ
һУʵָ֪пүôס
ؾǴƵֻץס˵һ©ҧ¶Էһ⣬СʤΪʤ֮⣬ް취
еķ˶ԷһС©ΪִٳˣӪ¶ڲͷ۵ľǶԷڣھȻӪ¶ǧѷĺʱ
ɵӪ
۾ֳ︡һĨŨŨɱ
ĿǰΪǵѡսԱѡϣ뵽ѵѡСð벽ԪӤӣܾܿͱ¶صܡҪͨսԱܷ˳ҲǸֵÿǵ⡣
Ȩ˰죬ǴͨսԱһ
Ϊ˾ܵסսӵ٣ܹʹ˶ʮˡ
սڰҹľ飬ޱߵҹɫ£սԱˡ
սսԱǰָӡһأȫˡΪ˵ʵֲ̫ҪսԱȥҵսͲô׵ˡ
𽥽ӽӪʱԼʶ̽ͷŵһ̽ѰΧ쳣
µڰڣʶ̽޴ΣһսԱ˰۲쵽ĵط
ЩڣѾԭλˡѡ񣬻ǽѰڵλãǸϿ쳷
¶ļʺܴ󣬿ҪߵĻʧȥһǧѷĺûᡣţȻŲλãɾڣѾǳƣͣ˭ҲʮֵľȥЩ
뵽һ֣սĴӪȥ
ԽӪߣʿ𽥶Ѳ߶ӼβһӽһӽѲߡüҪץסһͷʻȴΪΧ̫ѡ˷
ЩɥʱȻһͳĺС

꣡סޱţֱһȥ˵һĶ⡣
˳ȥȴһѲ߶Ӷסһˣһٴ磬Ǹ˵ʿ
Ѳ߶ӵСͷĿһȰο˵ĵ֣ʶ˼ҵȵȣǰǸٸȰˡСͷĿ߾٣ָǸʿСһƣ˵Ҳ۾ǻá
Ѳ߶߹ĿյսԱǸٵķ˹ȥ
ǾٹéԼӪߣߵһĵطȴȻоԼһѾסˡ
Ķ̵˾ٵĲϡλϷӦԼǱסˣҪзֻС
뵽ٸϽ˵ֿ˼ʵʵԷЮһεĵط
ɲĥƤӣֱÿ뵽ٵԺУѰԼҪϡȷʵͬϣսֵ֪ڵãԾ°ڱ
ɾһڵʿﻹЩҪ󱣻ڣͰƽӪоˡڴӪôڻܳʲôô
˾ٵļ䣬ֱһҪٵȻھԺϣս˷ڵĵط
Χرֱһ㣡˵Χľ˯ˣڶڷŵ߰㡣ǸؾžĴһһ


1043 
ؾĴңҲĴң
սԱÿһжͶʱ߱ƷȻ͵͵ǱһӪȥ
սĴӪˣӪ͸˵ˣо˳˲˼飬ȻصͼǣǱ߻һ㶯ҲûС
ֱʱ֣趨ʱ߱ƷαըӪٴըѡ
ҪͻбͷսֵܽؾϮսԵĲ÷
ڳɧҵʱɳ߼аȻٳִѲӣоӴܵʿϳܹͣѾİ
ս㱨սеȫݻ٣ֱսĿһ
ûػؾɱ㲻׼һʲô
ô⣬սɲϽͨҹ㱨˿ү
ү̲סˣôһҪܹѧԱúõĶһһ͵һһ鱻ݻˡھǴϵģ¹Լ裬ѵͲ֪ϧô
ϽȰοү˵޴ǶѾ֪ˣ״Ҳ⡣Ҳûã磬ȥɡ
ү̾˵ѵҪһô˵䲻ģǿǰ֮˵ˡ
ǧҲȰүҲô˵СΪʵɲ⣬ΪֹƶˣǶŴαСƣ˵Щһˡǲ̬չˣǵļƻҲؽ̫ܵǣ
үһ£ͷ˵ȣǧ죬˵ĺеǾһȥ϶ְɡҵҪܹͼǵķʲôˣ
˵꣬˶ӸԵĴָóһ׺£Ϻ󣬾ֻֻ۾¶档
үһ˷ϰգһķУ͵ս˧ӪСս֪λֶεģҲ֪ǲԸⱻţԸһ˿ǵĿƣȫϳ˧ʡ
һʱ̬үҲˣҲ֪ս޷ġ
ӻսܹǰûаôӴĶɢˣ˵Щµġ
ֽҲⲻĹΪǶ֣ʵ̫׺ˡܰѶһǺġ˵˵ʲô
үһٰսøУֱοսͰؾϸ˵һ顣
սү۹תˡ
ǧһ˵үҸо˸ʱԼ֯ͼھ˴ĵصŻ
˵ؾûǵ۹Ǳߵ֧ԮڵϵսԿռ䱻ѹ˼£ؾڵϸӲӲ·һڵصʹػװôؾŻʤ
ЦүӦϴĺʹߣǸӵǸùұơܹӶѧϰķõʵսУȡ˺ܺõЧò˵Ǹ˲š
үҲǻһЦֻĶ֣Żе˼ҪǶ̫׶ԸˣԲǴһͿࡣսƣҸһЩȻǾԸصеؾ
սүİţɵͷкá
ԸĵصսҪľҪҵصӵϵĶڡصսȻˣͬʱҲĻռ޶һķΧ֮ڡ
ڵϵĶȻû̫õӦ԰취ռֻҪ㹻ģа취Ըġ
үİ취սھǵͼĵķھ㹻Ĺ֣ڣؾھĵصһ֡
ֻҪؾصûգø߱ƷըöѬ
ԭͿռ䲻̫ĵصṹͻᵽĹؾȻͻᱻ쵽ϡ
ս֣֯տүķͼǵķھؾĵصôأҲ޷ھ¶Ρ
ܿ죬ھؾھһЩصͨստүķԸȡգը٣öѬ˺ü죬ؾûжԼȴǱ˲١
ү㱨󣬲뵽˳˼СȻھصͨȫֵ۹⣬Ӧò벻ֻķӦԵġ
ӦԤϵеģҲ˵˼ҶǵˣڣҲڲʲôЧġ
ˮ԰ɡү˰죬˵Լİ취
һ󹤳̣Ըüʮھĵص˹ˮصͲʲôЧ
ҪЧͱôģˮԴࡣ
ս˰죬ѺˮȻúˮͼǵ´۸ӵĵص
ͼʮһĺսӳͼ֮ھһ޴ĹȰѺˮȻھͼǵĵص£ܹˮ͵صˡ
ƺЧķȴûջؾȻûκεĶ
үжϣھĵصӦͨ˵ˮԴֻҪЩˮͨˮԴأˮ޷ѵصûġ
û뵽ô̵ʱڣͼǵصŪ᲻ɴݡ
һ£үĿת
ˡ
ûִпүһ䣺ү¾ôô
ǣүķʷǵûǳһ¡
󣬿үصͷڣôǲµģ㣬ҲҪˡ
ԥսеսʿһɳ죬߸߸ͼǵİյС
˺ǰؿ̻¶Ƭ̣ͼһŰ׵Ĺâؿ
ЩŰ׵Ĺâ£һ뵽ĺˮС˲䣬ʵĺˮ͵ĶȻһĲ
ŭһȣؿڴŰ׹âʢת˲ͺ̫һ㣬˲ֱӡ
Ű׹âıĺˮȻһһգͼǼʮĺҲǣЩˮֱӷգɵϵˮϵһ
ڵ£озǳֲ쳣Ҵ⣬ϴӵصз˳һϾ֪ԷҪʲôˡ
ŭĳǧǼʶġԷһʹó϶Եصµؾġ


1044 
ˣ
ᵽŭжۿϵˮģԽԽ֪ⶫȥܹԵصеؾϰɻԵĴġ
ס֣óĳԸͨȺȥͲ³еôѵһ罵֮⵽֪˵ĳЦôϱƽǳ⡣
ڿ¶ͷˣһΪֻܶڵµͷڹءôҵΪʲôҪ˵ĵطôڵ¹ʱʱ͵ϮΪѵǲЦôʲôʸأ
Ҳ˵ǣȻ罵֮ôȷʵЩˣҲҪеһЩɼȻѾˣûбҪηηӭһоˡ
ԣϲãָ
һߣӴָקͨԵ۾ӥһ㶢ס˵ԶвͨġΨһǰ򵽷Ϊֹҳ֣Ըܹҵһô
仰һ£ͣɲԶﴫﴫģʵʵġ
嵽ڻָֻˣŭƣһΪҲֻʣԭ߳ҡ
ǧ£ǿүҲɵѡĶ֣ܲô
ԥʱ򣬸ԼĲ´ָʾϳصȫ
ۼؾϳһŭˮңȴٺЦŰŪͨԵֻҪԼһͨԵͻԥġ
ɲģȻûгԵȭҲ֪ǼԼֺĻ³ǴĴŵġ
湻ֵģû뵽ּˣò˵ҼţһԱȻΣŻ罵֮ˣɣҲˡ
үĸվڵϣûôɵ֮ϡ
ߣղŻ˵ͷڹ꣬ǵӣҶϲϰɣһĿʾˣȴֻ¶ֻ۾ѵҲкµʱ򣿡
ۼүװ̲סԼ
ǰһָ˵̫ˣעνؾӣӽ쿪ʼ½ʷҪĨˡ
ŶⲻھԴǸСô˵ôҰ¶˰±ϳ˴򰡡ȻҲˣøͷһ˭Ҳͷ¶氡
һ٩ŭգҪȴүһס
嶯ʲôһʲôģ޷ģܣüġֵܵжϣܹһ㡣
ߣү漤ոջ˵ʲôҵڣѵ컹ܷƨɣ
ǿүãҲ̲סŭ㻹Ϊûа취ôϽйҵҪǵǰˣʲô
ɵһüͷղŸү˳ƤʵϾΪ˸ؾȡʱ䣬ڸ㽩ˣԷҪܻʹֶΣؾļġ
ߺߣү֣ѵͲ֪ôȻү赭д˵
仰ƽԿү˵Ƿǳ
Σү˵㶼֪Щʲô
Ժת͵һЩ顣
ٺٺ٣Ҳûʲôڴ̽˵һЩ顣̽мලߣүǿ϶֪İɣǸʲôģ֪ЩʲôүҲ塣ԼĿʾˣҲǹ˼ܶĹذɣ
仰һү˺ȻĸලйϸĽ̸ôһЩص飬ǾԻ֪ġ
һү˵ķӦ̾Լ˵סˡ
ߣΪ֮ˣҪгֵɵġȻһʱزôˣҪ㵽˽֪ǱҲδܹƽɣȻͬݽ棬Ҳ˵һǼʮġ
ү粻ڣڿүз˺â
֣
вЩ飬ǹ̲ġ飬ֱǷ˴ɻ䣬ٸǽأӵҲǱ˾·
ү˼ʮܣ֪ǽŹҲỻԷưոݡԾһߵڣɾƽһУת
һϴ߶Լĳŭ߷£ͼĺˮȫϣһȣһ֮ˮӰպݺؾص¶ĳڡ
ʱȥ鷳ɣζ¶صĵطٵڵ͵һ죬һµˮȥ
ŭ𣬴һɿֲݺӭµˮʵʻһƬˮĻ÷飬һ֮ˮϸ꣬Χɢε£ڷԲ֮һһ
ŭһ֮ˮһɢ˷ؾȻܵܣǱҲˮˣһҲؾǿ
үʧɫ֮㣬㡭ôһѪƭ˵ģ㡭
ȴûʱүԲͨԵն˹ȥ
ɲҵղŵһǿǻʵĿȳ
ĳǽƷΪγɵģȫƾֲǲͬնġ
Щڿһ߶Ĺһү
û׷ͣؾ
ӳʱ䣬ؾٵشӵת˵ϣΪŭûаˮȫൽصΪؾתƲû̫Ӱ졣
ִж֮£ؾѾתƵʮǴİ
죬ϼᲿӣʮ˴Ϊһսλĵ˷𹥻
ɲϹָӣͨ۲óѵĳ·ߡΪսҪͼǵ࣬߹ݺᣬ޷չš
ûĵòھĵط٣ǳʺϴŵչһ湥һĲڳռ䣬ܹӿӳµٶȡ
õϿʼָӲӼᣬȼһ֮ϵĲӳȥͶ뵽սȥ
ؾʲʽĶԶϷĲչ˹Ĳ˵ϣϿټᣬʮ˴ξͳȥˡ


1045 ַ
үЩˣ֣ѾЩΥ·ƶĹ
ԣزǺˣҪ׷Ǻͷ۵ġ
չֳʵٴ˿үһǧԣܵŭֻǾ
һΣүԿԿ϶Ѫеˡ
ۼؾѾϷĲӣûػ£ôȥؾһȺһȺһ
ϷĲսھĹֵסû·ǣֻøؾһȻЩϷĲҪʹõܼˡ
ʱ򣬳ϷӷؾѾﵽʮϸ죬ȥָӳȥʮˡ½裬㼯ʣµʮˣƫϵķ򹥻
½˵תᲿӣҲһʮ򲿶ӣϾӳ档
ȫ˿үϣؾûܵشʧпܸ֮ݡү۾һ
Ҷ֣ʮһ䡣
үصͷʾԼ˼
һԾɵ˰֮ϣڷϰյʱѰԼؿڴ򿪣ͣסһ͵ɫâؿڴ
üͷһ֪ĳΪ֮ȡڿүУĳˣǧâŭǼʶġ
Ψпүĳûм֮ȣҲֻǼ˵֮۾֮ơ
ʹó֮ȣʲôͼأ
ţؿڴᣬһɫ״Ķһȣ޴ĵɫ壬ˮһкʱˮһĴӣؾսʿȫס
˳Ծ鷢ˣÿһ֮ȰסؾսʿоеϵĻףȻϷˮһڻˣƬ̵ʱ䣬֮Ȱؾսʿֻʣ°ȫĲװȫΪУ
һж̫ˣȵʶ֮ȵѾؾսʿװȫܵ
һû̹֮ȵһؾúüʶһ¡֮ȿǷǳصܼƷܹܾģҿĲװܵĻô⣿ϳ˵ɫ
һŭһͨԵ˵һնҲͨԵүǱߵ·ϡ
ʱͬ鱻ǧ켸˻ԥæɽ죬ǧ۾ת˿ү
ү񾫲֮ŭǣ嶯ǿͣȫͨ۾ֳˡ
ųʱ򣬿ү֪ѾԼ޷ƵľƷչˡԼˣֳ·ʵԼܵǣ˵Ҳ޷
ȻƴˣǾͰ·ȫˡ
뵽ү۾мᶨɫȡɫү۾һǧ죬ǧᣬϳ
˭֪ڳȴȻתسǧЦǧ죬ҵܾˣһΣھԴʱ򣬱âһ£һأǸˡ
ǧȻһֿɲͨĶ֣ǧ첻ӣޱӵĶ֡
һߣǧһ֮˵ÿһ仰ҪӣԵһ䣬൱صġ
㻹ǧûо쵽Լ˵ƶѾˡ
û˵˭棬ֳһɾӨεѪɫ
үʧɫߺǧ죬ˣˣ
ʱǧѾؿڴ򿪣ɫĹâѾʼйâϾҪˣǧˣЩΪˡ
ȻүԵ޹ǧ˵ģǧӲסâҪ˻صүߡ
棬ѾʺѪЩѪһ±Ѫ꣬ǧģѪ굱УһֲĳɢѪ꣬ųƵѪͷ
Ѫ·ǴңԶޱߵʴһ˸еһֻԡ޾ʱ䳤еĸоһʱ˶оԼ·ںޱߵ浱У޾߶ȵĿռȻһС
𣡴Ѫ굱Уһ˶ͷ˳ʥĹâûͷʵʸУȴǺͷһ㡣
޴ͷǧ壬ǧǶߵķһڿҡҷͺǿеҶһ㡣
үҲ˲ʲôˣϳһѱסǧ죬ͼǧѪֽܵ˼˺
㣬㾹Ȼ˺֣죬Ʋү۾ð𣬼Ҫһ㡣
ҲԳƣ̬ҲβסԾͲˡ
ߣʲôʱƲģүѾ˷ӴҪ֪ѾǿڲˣѵҪô
ǧ죬ȷʵÿүЩʧ̬ˣүǿү䳰ȷϾͻָ򶨵״̬
ǱߣΪ鹥Ҳ޷Чٿ֮ȣϵؾҲ֪Ͻµⶫ׷׶ܣʵɵʧ½Ҳְ֯ʧȥеװսʿתưãʣµؾսʿö档
սҲ̶ãؾ͵ĳ£˲б˼ҪǸ˧ƴάֻ֣̼Ҫɽ
¡үˮһƽ˵
ˣϽջ֮ȣȫĸ£ϼһᣬصߡ
Ҳջ˵飬ЦſſүүǲֵԳˣߵǼﶼǷϲģΨ㣬ô˼񻹲Ŀ֮¶ΧɣҪȻҲô
үǧιһҩһףǧ׸
תүϵĺһã¶ԼıĿ
Ӵôˣô·򲻹Ͱ·󣿡޵٩Ц
үû˿ŭ𣬴ЦǰĿ֮£罵֮ΧŹһˣȷʵǴɻ䡣ǲЩ̫ˣôô
ǸгүĳҲӦ˰ɣ
үصͷ飬鸽ôᰡ˵鸽ңǹ鸽ƾΪʵУλ֮£ʵġ⣬ҲȫָͳΣô


1046 ʿ֮
⻰ϵЦݽסȡ֮ģһȻɫ
ߣһҪ磬ϧҪһῼôǵУһȺϣǲκεÿһϵġϣǲɱµģ
үЦϣߣһھԵʵǰʲôǣ̫Իˣһֵ£Բķ޽磬ΪԼʳôҲһ˽ԣ޷ıģ
һɺԣԴ˵ֻǿٵ߼ȱ͸ϣκθڼ̤ˣҪܵĳͷ
Ŷү¶˳Цݣҿҵʣôͷ˵ģ
ͨԵǰһᣬȻ˵֣֮ͷС֮
˵Ǿǲˣү˫ۣ俴
ͬıǲͬ·ϵˣãһϾǶֻһľ档
үҡͷЦΪǸʶʱĿܣڿҲֻһߵڵһƵȻǾһнɡ
࣡
үǰ½ѣԿүؿΪԲģһ貵ĽɫĹâ
âѸ˵棬սͳҹŰס
ʿ֮ԣүαǣգۼ䱩ǵɸ߰⻹ڲͣͷţסҹӵʿԡĽҲԽԽŨ
ȻҹսʿҲʼǣ˲䳤һ࣬ǵʴ䣬һɢƣͺǧ֮սİսʿһ
սҲԡֹ֮УɲǼ䣬սһŵ󣬸һͽͼսһӣʿϢչеöΡ
սսǰһӣҹĲӸͲκεսָķˢˢĲǰ

үһЦؾǺ޵ôԡʿ֮սʿǰؾʲôأ
ûʱүˣоĴмңһҹӵƣ֪ǳѶԸ
ѾϷĲӻͷ׼ӣһҹĲԥ󺰵ǣҹ֧ӸҸɵ

ؾŭԵһ¶ΣɽһҹĲӳ˹
䣡
֧Ӻݺײһؾóͷսɸս
ҹĲӣÿһʿ϶ɢһ޵еɣؾսʿĳʱȡֱķʽֶԿ
ڵݵǰľеҹԵսʿֱӣǽĳìǰ̳·ؾսʿĹЧһ
ԡʿ֮Եʿ߶ǵһɣǵֱۼϾеĳȣҪؾսʿֱۼϾеĳҪöࡣ
£ҹսʿ̳ľеȵִؾսʿǰ
ۡ
һⱻƵڶؾսʿΪ˵㳤ȣԼ屻̴ǾеҲֻܵݵֵǰ˿ûиκε˺
ҹսʿ·һһ֮ͬʱջԼеĳìһؾսʿˣҹսʿǰһٴǰ
ؾսʿĺη޷赲ԡʿ֮Եҹսʿĳ
أҹԾͿ޻ڵĳһǰؾսʿһ㼷ѹȴؾսʿԡʿ֮Եʿǰ
󺧣û뵽үĳȻôô죡Ҫȥ赲ҹľӣȴүЦˡ
㲻øЩ˶ʧôǸҴǲһġ
ŭһȭֱӺ˿ү
ү΢΢ЦӭȭҲһȭԺȥ
¡¡һƳľ죬үȭͷݺײһ𣬿ү˿ȴ˳ʮԶ
ڵǳ֮ԵҶɵѣʹΣŪͷҲӦĴ۰ɣ廹ܷӳ٣Һڴʵش𡣡
һү۾ǶȻûвʹһСӰ죬үȭĴԾ˿ԼֵҲ˿ү
ţûΪȴ෴ģȼܵĶ־
ûѡʹͨԵǼȭͷү
һ̬ȣ
弴ʹôҲҪֱʽͨԵܹ˿үǵĲԼͿүĶսҪ뵽еؾսʿһʣ
һ䣬ԲǽƤӹԼ£òֳؼʱ̣ԶԼ¸ҵվԼʵжӦȥӦȥƴ
һŭһδλȭͷޱүȥһδαˣһδϣȭײĺ쳹ա
ؾսʿһ̧ͷܿǵ׺ޱȵսȻΪ·磬޵ηƣȴȾؾÿһսʿ
һ䣬ؾʤ
ؾһĺһƬһƬսʿηͬʬ
òϣ㹻ǿҲ㹻׺ݣһжô㿴սʿȫһЩνѾôˣѵҪȥôһҵɣֻҪԸ⣬½£
شүģһȭ
ߣүԶ׵ľǣһ˺ԼϵʱǾԲᰮϧԼġΪӮϣκεǱҪġϣֻΪϲϧˣʸϣ
үϸֳЦȻôִ֣Ҿֱ㵽һɣ֪ӦôʵǿĶ֣
˵ţүʼˣүÿһεȭǰųĿĽ⡣ʾȭͷԿүȭһǼӲ
أǿʼѪԵĿԿɫʼףҲðëϸ˭ԸоЩ左ˡ
̬ԣ״ֱǲ˼ġˣζ֮£ٸó罵֮˶Կ֮ԿȫʢĿү˭ҪΪкã
־ôǿܹ־һǿôãҿǿ־ܹܲ漣


1047 ׺
үĹԽԽ죬˫ּĽԽԽʢſүϼӿ࣬ү¶֣һһ㡣
Щˣһδϳʱ򣬸үһȭԺ˳ľԽԽԶ
ү˹һȭȭʼʱֵֻܹӲˡ
үٴһȭֻ˫ۺǰֵ¡һ죬һȭʮԶûүһ嵽ǰһȭ
еƶֱۣүȭͷһ
䡭
ˣүơ
Ķ־أ㲻˵ҪôĶȥˣֵҵĽõ򣬾νô
үԽԽ˷ܣֻ۾ðŽ⡣үҪϴҪھϴݿ
ߣǿԶֻǶݵģϵڲֻҪܹԼϡүΪôֻķȥģǿȨֻǳһʱ磡ȻȴǺ
үȭѾоڸܵˣһжʹԳǿߣΨսһϢзתϣ
ߣ˵Ҳʲôϣҷһţ㲻׵ǣھԵʵǰһжǸƣûʵֻǿǰϥûʵֻǿȨǰͷǵ˲Ƶ
䣡
үһȭݺ£Ӱҡҡ׹£ڵҳһ޴ӣү£ݺһŲϡ
ָоÿү̹ޱȣޱͷ۵ˣڱԼڽˣ
ҵĽ£㻹˵ʲôأĶ־أʲôʵһУֻҪ˾ԵʵҾͿ˵ʲô壬ʲôа񣬼¾飬ʷϼصԶǹ¶Ǵ𣡡
ߡʲô壬ʵǰһʱĹâڸǣԶᱻڸǵģаԳۣȴԶԱϣ
үţЩѣԴ˵ԼĻ
үɫŨһһźݺݲϡ
ð˵ĺư˵ԶᱻаڸôҾаģаôͷ㻹ǱҲڽŵ£ܣĶȥˣ㰡
ڿү̤£һ뵽ӲʯСǵѪȪˮһӿ
үһѰݺһףүڰнץסүһסĲӡ
ۿеĳ𣬵ǣѾûǸˡνɡӣԺǰĻҪңӽ쿪ʼ˵ĸͿʼ뵽ʱˣ
үЦţҪʩɱ֡ȻһǵѪЦŶԿү˵ʵղлֵ֪Ϊʲôûл֣޽ƵŹô
仰ÿүһϸ룬˵úеȻʮҲֵûС
ѵǹⰤôⲻϳӼ˻ҧأοĳ֣
ߺߣȷʵеŹ֣ʲôҵֶεҰڵӣѾûˣ㻹ʲôҶʲôǮҶ
ү϶ʹȷʵûķʽˡˣڼȴΣʱܹǱܵģոƾŹʵϾҪҵĴеǱܡ
үĿɿڴ
޾УүĺˣΪ˻ǱܶϧöŹĴڣǵһμ
ȿүѹ˫һѾӿүˡ
ү˵ҲûеھԵʵǰһжǸơ㲻׵ǣζŲζ޵Ǳܣھ㿴ʲôʵɣ
ߣȻ䷺ĿһŰʥĹâȻڱ
ʥŰ׹â˳ĿܱγһʮѤ״ơ

һԶźľްĳƺұۣļµӫ⡣
׺棡˫ĿҪɳˣұ۳ү
׺Ӣ۱ɫ
׺еӢۣ˭棡
ࣣ
һ۵Ű׹âұбŰ׵Ĺâǰ;УɢذһϸСâǵ˿ү
ү֣˫ǰһᣬʿ֮ԣݺһܣ
Ű׹âݺ˽ɫʿ֮ԡһ죬ʿ֮ԽɫĹâڲ׺Ű׹â£˵Ƭү׺һǵʿ֮ˣ׺Ƹ̳һһѪ
ʿ֮ɲǼڿүϰүѪȪӿһ罦Ҳ޷סԼΣһͷȥ
үǧ켸ʧɫϽס˿ү
ۼүң̲סҪȥƴ
ס֣˵˵Ŀү촽£˵仰ʮѣǼŰѻ˵꣬ҪȥѾˣܣܣ
仰ʮԶģүôһ仰֪ѾͷβʧˡȻⲻ˵ʧܣΪһЩ򣬴Ӷûзӳ˵ȫ
ү˳ӵʱȥѾûκεˣ෴ģǻȫ˵
뵽ҶϺǧ壬үˣ
һһңͿү֮·ϣǧǱүӴܡ
Ҳн죡Ƿˮתǰ׷ңڣֵ׷ˡ׷ңҪܣҿܹ׷ϵġţЦ˹
˼
ۼʮ˹΢мһ£үܵԶˣϽˣͷܣ
ͣĿԶӶݡʵϣ˿̵ͬɳһֻҪ΢΢һͻȻղ֮׷ʵŻˣԶˣܹġ
֮ϣؾսʿĿޱȰķתƣҰ罵֮˴ܣʱʿ󣬶ҹľӵĳˡ
ҹĲӣΪүȥԡʿ֮Խɢȥָԭģ


1048 ͳһԸ
еһУع鵽˱Ŀ
ֻҹʿ֣ԵģѾʧȥǵؾÿһؾսʿ˵һۼѪΣ¶ɭɭ׳ݣӭԼеĳìͳˡ
˲䣬ҹľӾͱˣ
ղŻµʿתۼͳǱӴܵų
ɱ¾Ѿ޷ؾĿŰˣ¾ֳؾ˿̵״̬
һҹĲңŵøϽӴܡӴģʿǸͲϼȫձ
һäĿҴܵĸ߼Ҫˣ·߶סˡ
ΪЩ߼ҲֱۣӸױֻҪ·ߵˣ˭ȫɱۣ
һʱ䣬ͼս˼ɱ¾ؾԼɵģҲ໥ɱ¾
һУ֪ؾΣѾȹȥˡ֧ǿս־Ҳһ̺Ȼ͸оǰһڣӰе
Ҳ֪˶ãŴӻѹ
ϼ䴫ĺ;ϲˣˣ֪ͨȥʥѾˣ
оԼǦһأ˵ҲЩѾ
ĺͣĺ͡
ĺһٻϹߣ˵£кηԸ
Ϣڣʵĺͣһ˼ˣ
£ѾҹˡӴأˡĺ˵ſǻˡ
ǻУкܴϲóɷֵģϾѾѹˡ
Ŷôʱ䰡ĺͣĶ
£֪ڵ˵Ҹܰɡ
תһ壬ĺ;Ͱ췢˵һ顣
ϵʱ򣬿ɰؾˡҵʱ˼㣬չ˷׷ɱ½һ壬ֻ֪ǻȥˡ
½踺տȥ£ӡ
£ˣĺ;Ͱѵصеİȫ˵ϡ뷽ϣѪʵȶסƺɳ˴ְؾ޽תվѾȫ޺ãǵ۹ĸʣͨʹԴԴ͹
ڣȱˣҲʮ׼ȫԨ۹ߡ
Щ۾ΪĵѾȫˡ
һ۾ʵĺͣǱôˣ
ĺЦ£ѾһԱȫĶ򡣸Ѿɥ֮Ȯ̻̲հ
¶΢ЦϢɱʲô鵤ҩҪðŬһ£Ȼֱ
СģľٶĺһϽе
ٻһ£ѾܹӴµˣĺͣһûôһС˶ѣôĺϢҾʲô鶼ûˡĺͣʲôϢ˵˵һãͻָء
кϢΪһβҰؾбܽصԼΧ󣬶ٷִΣ
Ϊ̿ʵ޵׶еľʣ֬࣬ľ͸ϰմ˳صĸʧԺ󣬾ִҪάԼͳΣҪѾӵ
ӵҪ˰һеĻԹȫҹӣϷﶼ˴ģɧҡ
ԶףϽµֱӾ죬ԶͳΡ
ˣϺȻԵ쳣ƽ
ĺ֪λͳ˧ڴʲôˡ
ĺͣʲôĬƬ̣Ȼʵ
ĺЦĪԨ۹У
ĺ֪Ⱑ
ƴЦؾԨ۹ԲƽʦϮԶǵԶԶɾһսԪˣ޷ЧĵֿͼһսҾʧأҲδزһ
ĺΪȻǰҪʵʵԼĵ̣ؾû̫õİ취ǿɺãʰͼһսĴǲصģԨ۹Ĵ˳˵Զ
ĺͣĹƣǰԨ۹Ҫ׼ã
ĺͳһݡ£ھͳһԨ۹ɣڱز㰡ͼһۣʣµսʿֻʮͷǵ۹Ǳߵʮʮ֣㣬ʮ⣬⡭
΢ЦĺǣҾͳһԨ۹ģʽδؾҪհǵ۹ģʽΪǵ۹ΪĹҡԨ۹ߣ彻һ𣬲ȡռͳΣϲ߰
ĺһ£ͷ˵µ˼ĪѰҴˣȡٿصķʽͳΣ
зһ˿⣺ǰʱΪԨ۹ؾһҶ󣬿㿴˳Ԩ۹еİèǽа壬ѵ㹻ˡԣԨ۹ҪؾƵͳһϽ
ǵľҲ뻹ҪʮıȻôԨ۹ܴܲһطһطɣ
ţҲǸ⡣ĺͣټеĽ죬оһ¡
ĺҪȰϢ̬ȺܼûȰϽһɽе顣
ԼĴ˵ܵؾһӵһ棬ؾԼʵһ棬ͼһս˵ǴȫʤؾʧأؾʼδСսۣûشô
гرҲؾľ߸ԵһּûͳһԨ۹ЩͱžҪȥһһڻʵ뷨˵»
ĺͼеĽ춼ǿܲѣ֪ѾöˣĿǰؾ˵һ¡ΪһıԶǵĲıԱĺΰһеǰ˵
Աʣؾ⡣ʹ޺ˣζſԴǵ۹㹻Աװһ棬ʵһ档
ʮһٶװɲ˵ŪܹŪġ⻹ͳһԨ۹ĹƣͻֿܻɱϷоɲƤܹ㶨ġ
ǵ۹ͳһãطвıƻҪָΰһӳʮıе㲻̫ʵ
⣬ǵ۹ոս˲أʧϢʱؽ԰ָҪٰѳص˰ǵϣ»
ڽǶԣЩķ죬ĶȴʮԵġսǴʹģЩ˵սʿΪսͶͨڡ
ΪһսϿǲڽ棬˹أʲôأ


1049 ľ
ĺ͵뵽˳СͳһԨ۹ԸǱҪִеģʵдڵҲҪġ
½ⶨսƻ⣬Ҫ˼ǡ
εľ»飬ΪڲݲݽڽǶԣ֪Ѿ¶Ҫ򣬸˸߲ȥ½ƶսƻĺͣһŵĹ˾
ĺͺҪΪԨ۹ͳһĴṩĺڲһεӦ顣
Ҳףǵ۹γôѾӽǵ۹ļˡǿгҪ˺ǳһǵ۹ƱҪ̫⡣
ãĺ˵ĺͣǼȻҪԨ۹һЩˣôǿɲԵǵѹ뵽ͳһԨ۹жУ
ĺһ˵£취еͨƺĹȽ鷳ѳӣϣսķϣսԲϣⰡ
Ҳ֪һҲȵؾףѴ뵽Ԩ۹ڣʲԼӦ˼ҴӦҲûؾĲߣ뵽Уʱؾṩṩ֧Ԯأ
죬·˾һ˵ĺͣҿѪʮЭԭԨ۹ؾפءЩطѪĵ̺ܽӽһ˰գؾһȨѪ干ЩУǾͿ԰еľȫˡ
ĺһ˵£ؾµĵ̰ôɾ൱ڰʤʵóǰô
ЦĺͣǴٷͳһԨ۹ΪʲôΪǵ۹ĳξðԨ۹Բеǵ۹ĴڣΪĿ꣬һûġ
ĺͻȻ£ô˵ҾˡֻҪԨ۹ڷؾǱ˴ǣƣǾͲ̫ܹؾγвȷʵһξðİ취ǷֵӾ棬Ҫǵ־ҪܶЭ
ĺ˴еĹؼɵùЦĺ֪İĹˣĺͣⶨһЩݰֻҪǷؾָӣϴصȨЧǵ۹ͩһЩ߶εǹؼĳбҪǵ
ĺлȻʣЩ㲻òϣò۹Ƕܹ⡣
ָ˷ʣµľ幤ûĺͲĺ;帺иЭ
ĺͣ˵ϻе㷳ǡѪĴЭؾԨ۹ĳΧؾܶõĲǲ룬ȱȱ
뵽˼еʱȻ洳˽
һǴһ㣬ĺѧϰһʱǶϸصģûҪǲͨʹԼġ
½ʲô뵽ܵ˵Լ
ɫ˵£Ҿ㱨ҾϷ򣬳˺ޡнʽǳɹģɽƵľơĿǰ½ѾʮǸӭȥˡ
ţ
ȷʵ󲻽⡣Ҫ֪Ѱ޷֯ģĴŵġܹ֯ؾʮ򲿶ӽ䱸ţӡУֻһطԡ
룡
ֻʣܹôֱʡ
뵽ʣԺȻȻ뵽һСŮѾֱôʱˣ֪ǸСŮôˣһС˵ģô
УţȸЩϵ֪Ƿɺã
һЩ̽Žе££ڵ鲻½轫ѾǰӭУʾµķԸ
͵شӻѹʾ˵֪ͨ½裬򲻿ȷʲô飬ȥ
컹ûôʧ̬λϣһֽ̬ƺźܼȵĸоϽϵ½裬ָʾ
һһȥɰŻˣʵ۱µ廹֪ô壬Ҫǳ飬ԼһٸԴġ
뵽켱ĸ
һţһɳ죬㱨ķ򼲷ɶȥ첻ҵС
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ͷɵ㱨λã䵽˵棬½ӵ㱨ϴžнӭӡ
û½ڲΰݣͰֵضˣ½裬ô
½蹰ֵ£Ϸʮ⣬нʮżᣬעǵĶ򣬲ĿǰΪֹǻûʲô춯ǼоģԴϾͣ
Ҫ˵д㱨һţԴļһǲؾǵĻ³˵
ʲôϲˣ֮һ˵ͼģȥǸ
û˵ֹ꣬죬ԴЦȥ߶ļһ˵͵
½治֪ΪʲôȥĴڡ
ۼȥһղϽȥˡ
һɫףͷţӿ׳죬˵ʱģⲻϤϴţô
ţ磡ʮ鱼˹ȥţһܱϴ磬ˣ
û뵽ɣˣϤļһ˲ٰ
ŽţָһϤӰ
ƨϻһЫӵֻɫ۾ɱ¾飬̶籪
£˫ᣬ毺ãǺȸ
ȻǸ¶ɫߵĵͰӰһߺħˡ
һһЩһкûǵ⣬ţЦ֪˭ˣ
⻰һԺϸֳһԼߵһӰϸ룬һת𣺡磬㻹ô
ˣһͷת˷ĵطһһʤѩһŮǰ
׶ǰ׶
ǸһСŮѾͤͤŮˡģǳ࣬Ȼǰ
׶ôˣԼЩڸɣʳĻﶼǸɰͰ͵ġ
׶͵ǰܣһͷ˽Ļ޵磬ˡ
һΣᱧס˰׶Ĵ׶ĺ˵ɵѾͷⲻǼôˣ޾Ͳÿˡ
Ϊεǽţһһﻹ½졣


1050 ȱ
۾һתԽţ˵ԭǱµֵܣʧʧλȻȥ£һ²ӣȻŽӴ˿ɺã
ţôΣôһ˵æĴӦ̶籪ˡ
һ½裬Ӳק½ˡ
߳Զ½軹ͷһתͷ˵½¿ɻﰡǿҪµİȫ
ͷԿһȻ½˵ƨ½ֵܣʲôãǲ񡣡
½賤ͣ˵磬ʲô˼Ǳʵ۱ѵô
˵½ֵܣɲǰ׽еģͽ̽ôˡ֪Ϊɶ˶֧ô
½һѧϰʵ磬ͱˣﶼˣ͸ҵô°ɡ
һС˵ϻر¼һŮӣڵҲⳡʦҺͨѵ˵Ҳ񣬲֪˽˽ռ䣬ѧϰһأȫڸˡ
½۾ʱɵøһС磬˼Ǳ¸СŮм飿
Բֱۣӱ˴ֿڣ˵ֵܣ⻰ôܹ˵أ¶һ¶ôʲǲм飬ǽа鶮ûСŮһ¾ǲӬѪһ¼ˣҲǼһ
˵첻ɵԴֵܣҲզǰɣ
½ͷʾĴҲ治ʲôôʡ
һ˵ˣĴ˼ƽЩʲôʦ˵ĶԣûĻǿ¡Ǽסһ㣬ڱҪǸʲô˽ʱ򣬶ԶԶģ˭ô̸˵ʱүǰ
½ųݵĿ˵磬㻹һΡͳһ㣬Ҳû׽У磬ǻȥô˵Ͼʵ۱ûȥ۸øڽһ
½ֵܣһøʦúѧѧһ⽻ͰѴһˣ˵ʵ۱Ҫ鴦ⲻôȻٰѻôӴ棬ͺŪȥô
ǶƢһ·ϲϴŻʵ۱µ飬˾ӪŪڽְŰŵˡ
ŽţĴ½ȥټУͷ·ֻʣ°׶ˡ
һɿ˰׶ʵ׶ô
׶˫дų˵磬һֱϢ˵ǵ۹飬ҾҪǸʱүү˵ҵʵúԶﲻæһԽԽæҾûһأ˵㱻Ԩ۹ĸΧסˣԡ
Ͳһйˣϧĸ˰׶գ׶ֻҪдˣôΣյĵطҪеʲô£ҿô
Ͱ׶еʲôζﶼ׶ԷδĻʲô˼˭ҲδǾ仰˵
ֳܹͰ׶֮ﻹݵĸӸɡ
ûмʱܾûǧҪ˵ɼ棬ȴЩͲҪ˵ˣһоڲС
Ĭ˺þã˵׶ȥؾĴӪɣŴûľżľӪߣҴȥ
׶ߵͷһֻСǣߴ
˾ӪŰ׶ιۣżľӪ𺳵ĸоð׶ߴת˺棬ͣԼеʡ
ĵһһ𣬵ȵͰ׶ι˾Ӫ½ǡسǰ
칰ֵ£½ˣΪ˻ӭŵ׼˴ľʦͣڰŵϣΪڳеľӪʱס£֪ΪΣ
ЦЦ׶˵׶ô
׶ʱͶ㣬С˵磬㿴ôþôŰɡ
ͷ½ͰԤķִС
ؾʮ򲿶ϳʱľӪеȫ£Թʹáӳȥˣؾĸ߼ȴҪ¸Ĵ顣
ϯϣܰ׶ϯ½ؾĴһƱյò֡
˺ȵ溨ȵʱȻһɧҡһĴ棬˵дؾڹӪ̡
Ϣڳȫˡؾⲻΰɣ
洫Բεĸо
԰꣬ȥô£ӦᣬͷĴݡ
ţҲӦᣬҲųȥһˣʡЩֵܲ޶֣˺Ͳˡ
˵꣬ţһ֣Ĵ˳ȥ
һޱţ
ĸУĲֵģվȽŸˣ˹Ħؾֵ£СӣðֵµĴ󽫣ôЩ޻һһðƵġǸ۾СһӺᰡ¿ĭܰ
䣬涣۴
־ϲǱ˰˹ĦؾϴŰ׶ٳ˳
һ߸ڰϣţ̶籪ȸߺħĸһ
Ҳа֣B֮ͫuģǶ֣ɱƹò֣
ס֣ףһԾɵ˰֮ϵһм䣺Լˣ֣
ֵܣȻС޾Ȼ˵ؾѣǸһﻹ˵ʶңǿɶҪǡֵܣ˵˵۸ʲôϵʡø˸Ʊˡ
ﰡУϴ϶˭ҲšϿͰѱһܸ˺ͽţһҲԼߵ˶ܸ˱
һϱεȵֵܣ˰ʧʧϸ˵Ԩ۹˸ΧֵһдӪ͹˭֪ĶޣΪĵˣͷ顣
Ц޷޷ʶ磬һúþ۾ۡ
ԿЦűB֮лͫuһ߽˴Ӫذ˹Ħؾȫˣ֮ڣЩ˹ĦؾȻװ˵㣬ɾһؾľò
ɰ˻ˣǴ˯˰ͷˡź˹Ħؾļ룬ؾͽ˲٣ս㣬ؾڻǲȱˡ
һҹ񻶣ٺ˸֮أٿ飬ؾеĸ߼컹ĴϱμӣͬôɨƽԨ۹
շؾܿ뷨ӦöԨ۹ĸȡƵİ취ɵһͷһֻҪ˵ؾ쵼ؾĸı࣬ؾĹϽͿԷ


1051 ȫ
Ԩ۹Ӱؾ⣬ҹӣϷԶЩͳһԨ۹ĸҲİʯ
ĸУʵģҹͶӡãĿǰؾȻź˹ĦؾϵıԲġ
ˣؾĲӦѺףֻҪʵǿҹͶӴͲ̫ǿҵĵֿϾ˭Ҳɵӣ۵ɵ£׵˶ɳ
ѵһĿҹϣ϶ͷΪԹ̫ŰɵһҪĶģΪԨ۹УҹĿǰ󣬶ؾ
Щԭۺϵһ𣬲ҹ˼˵ҪͳһԨ۹ˡ
Ϊ˾ǵ۹ĸľе⣬ĸʣǾܵ
ڿүƵĳ£ԼҲڽ˸ڣҲһƶʹؾػƶٶȡҲܻûڣѸھΪڣһԭߵȨ
ڹľĿϣŷŵһߣǳĿǺǵӦľ
ؾԼĶǽߣţôϽϰգ쳣־壬Ϊ֮䣬ԶȺϰջ˶ؾ廭ϵȺŵģؾʵԼĿꡣ
ѪԪǱߺܿ촫ϢԪɷǳȱʾֻҪؾҪҪˣҪж
ΪˣרɳĺԪɽ̸ʾ֪Ѫڵ״ֻҪӰؾЭһԭеĵ̾Ϳˡ
ͬʱĺͰĹȫ˵ֻҪѪЭĵ̣ؾѪմеľϽȨؾġ
飬ԪɱʾһӭΪʮֹ˧ն˧ѪʮȥԨ۹ԭפؾפ
һϵеĵؾ㼯ͼǰߵĴͽӽʮѴΪžһεıžһ½εϲžžɶǯƽ
Ȼûֱӵս񣬵ȴžķ϶УֻҪ쳣Դ
ȳؾ·ϵģҹıСҹеΧǩ෸ЭԼһ޴ʯǿԶ
ʯѾү˺ɧȥƻˡʯȻˣ˼ȴǲɱǵġ
½ϲžб嵽еĲסиΧе磬챱žʼ
ؾ˴ľеʣֻصǸϤֿ־޵״̬ˡ
ڳ±һſűеΧһͨʽڻܼڻ£еΧ̼
ںȱڣؾսʿӵ˳Сؾֿ;Ͷˡ
ǳǣؾ̵һ㣡ƾȻ֯Ѿؾ²ˡ
ϽѺ⵽̫Ҫ֪ľˡ
Ʊ廨Ѻ΢΢һЦ˵ֽǵ϶֣ҲˡôǴ֮أֽɰ󡣡
һ֣ѺƵؾսʿϸɿ˰֪Ҫ£ƣ˸ưһӣʾ¡
¶ɫ˵¸ؾСս°Σ֪ð˴ػʵ۱µĻ֪أػʵ۱½𷣡
һˬʵĴЦֽԲӣλıҲɼ飬Ǵ֮ˣ˭ŻˮԷҪⷽƽϣҲͲһͳ˧ˡ
һȻվ˫ϥڵأ˵ػʵ۱ؿ㣬ʵޱȻڱУĿˡ
λվ𣬷ƣᰴλУ̾˵˫ս˵սʿֹǧ²ɣ̿׷ֽҪΪԼĽ㰡
¶ŵɫָԼ˵ֵܸ˾޴˺ңҡһδ
Цôûأֵܣ˽ҳԨ۹˭ֵ֪ܵؾԹ˵ǸΪûа취顣սֶֽΣؾδô׾³аɣ
»棬Ȼ޾ϸڱСȣͼܿʼҺʹ֪үѾʳ֮»Ҫ౨ǣ֪ٵֿҲͽѣٵֿˡһСǧǵ´󰡡
οֽô룬ͲһɥĲ֮ͽֻҪɥĲ֮ͽؾĴţԸΪֽ򿪡
ӯٰݣȴᰴסֽǲҪЩġؾɨԨ۹ľǲ赲ֽҪаϧ֮ģʲôõİ취ô
ĻίȰ֮⣬и㹻ӣ̵˼ƸӸж
Ʋ˵£ԣԨ۹ؾɨ֮ǲ赲ˡɱΪ˳ξðäĿñɱ¾̫ȻһʱܹѹÿδǼ¡
Цŵͷֽ֮
Ƶļ⣬ָӰͬΪؾԨ۹κһ˵ѾǾްһĴڣһɢɳĸǾԲܶؾγһвġ
ؾ̫ݣЩؾͻȵؾ󲿶ӳߣٳ˷ˣ
ؾӦľǹһЩ͵ĳУֻҪЩУٷ棬ͶԱŴͻȡһݵЧ
ùЦֽ֪ƼҺĺ͵뷨ıͬҲҹ˵㣬ҪЩʵĳҪ½ҪķѺһֽҲɱ¾ֽ֪ɷһ֮
ƿȻϥµԸ׷ػʵ۱£龫Ϊ·ǡ
ɣⷬŵһˡˣҹôˣ
¶Ϊѵɫһʱ䲻֪ôشĺá
ŶˡҹϾֽܲҲֽɹ֮ˣӱ;Ҳ֪ҹȥֽΪˡ
Ƴ̾һ˵Բ٣ȻأҲͱ·ˣҾ˵˰ɡʵϣүѾ֪һжסˣĸүˡүе̣ʵֵҴҹүһС
įӣҲ̾˵̿ˡɻֽ벻ҹ±ԣҲſүˣ԰ɣ


1052 ս֮
εͷ˵£ǵģȫſүˡΪүҹͣһʱ䡣ڼ䣬ֵܸġӣԶϷȫڿүߡ
бųһ⣬⺮һţʵ˵Щʲô㶼֪ô
ر£Ծ쳣׷Χſү߿ࡣү˵ֻҪȥ٣ʮٱû԰Լиĸ£Լſүˡ
ʵһү׺ˣΪ˻ͬɥ֮ȮһҴܣû뵽Ȼ˼Ԩ۹顣
˵ү˶ڻɱԼкܴİյġûգ߾ˣûҪҹôһ׸
ЩҪģȵԨ۹ͳһү˻ҹЩӦˡ
£ҺʹΪǹ죬һЩϸڡݿүҪڱٴ󺣵ıԵһĴУҫ֮ǡƾУԾط
ҫ֮ǣüͷʱ
֪罵ĿүŻеԴһ½ĲϣһĳС
ĳҲǳΣӦԸĳȻҪ޽÷ǳ̣Ҳ塣֪飬óȻ½еʵֻǴһسԿһء
ǻеңԶ飬£ȰԨ۹ˣ;
ֽṩ鱨ҪȷһţֽԨ۹飬㿴ҪôܹԱͣ
һ˵£үĵйϽȨҴŵùԸԵҴȥȰؾɲһһͻеĽ򡣡
ˣɵüͷðû˵
˵£Ĳô
Ŵӳ˼ЦֽﻰȻܹøС֮ĶȾ֮ҾǵģֶҹޱȣһȥȫԱ֤
ƿȻ˵ñ˴ȻһҲ޶¶׼һ᲻ʹ
һ£Ƶֽ򲻿ǿȲҪ˵ѾˣԵ˵֮ʹͷԣϾͷֻҪŹԼ
⻰ɵøм㡣ڽһЩ·ȥսȥˡ
һ죬ƾʹսϻءսȻҹҳϣҲ֪ؾһͳľѾǲ赲ĺκθԤ赲ɺ˻ᱻѹġ
սԭؼطʹõطƽȹɣǻؾһһҹĸС
Ƶ·ټսȷͶõֿҹĸȫ򿪳ţӭؾĵ
ҹĸسУҲ൱ҹĶǣսСԱʮӭ
ﳼսػʵ۱¡սʮֹȻѡͶǾͳױʾ
ЦŰս˵ҪǰݣҲǸΪѾ˵úˡ٣֪ҪһҪлʶ壬Ϊı
һϯսжСЩҹĹԱҲġ˼ԣһס
ԭҹйټ˵صйԱʾҹԭؾı䡣ֻǽԨ۹еĵطҪֻдһϽ
ڴ£еȫմʵУԱҲݴرԵ˹ˣ浱ԭÿפԵפͬʱԭפҲٵؾפ֮
е˰յ񣬻ɵԼֻڷǳʱڣеõȨ
ԭԭҹĵ̣ɴ󽫾սͳһййԱļһϵӵضѧϰ죬ѧɹδĵطԱ
һЩԱϲҲ˵ǵûܵ˿ĸı䣬ֻҪܴص쵼ôܲ˵أ
һʱ䣬ҹеĳУһҲûбռ裬෴ģǷ׷ϽͷشӴ˳Ϊ˴ص
ҹϾͱؾˡֻҪȥҫ֮ǸɵҹеһоͶΪʷˡ
ලһ£սֵܴ۾˶ӵĽ
֮½赣ϲžͳ˧ҲǾ˼ǵġΪ½Ƕӵľɲ˵ǵϵĲڣ½ڶµĽ죬Ǻġ
һǸѹľ±ȣһЩ˿½ܵĴúܶĶӳؽܴ̼ġ
½᳹ϵսԷ룬֮˸سǽǢ̸ĿǰƣԼػʵͳһԨ۹ľġ
ͬʱ½ɳ˻ŵźһ飬սֵΪͶĺô
ǿĹ£ĽѡͶһЩ翹Ӳӣ½һڰѳǽըһͰѳ£ȻץסسǵĽ죬νʾڣǲкĹ֣Ȼ̡
ֻССļеĵҲں̵ܶʱڱؾɨƽڶӵĵϣ˸ҹһߣΨһͬǣ½豻Ϊԭӵϵľ߳٣ȫһ
˶ӺҹؾԨ۹ȻҲû뵽ô̵ʱھȡĳɾ͡
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Щӱ¹˭ϵ·ؾķΰûʲôֿؾ·α˳һһĳС


1053 ƾʧ
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Ϊˣרѵ½սָʾǣЩؾŸɳΥ͵飬һնʾڣϢ
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ѾڿǸ飬Ŀ⣬е˵ҫ֮档
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һŵøϽ졣ô񫣬ǺҪġ
ţȴЩͫuʵλֵܣʲô취ֱ˵ֻҪһȥġ
ͫuз۾˵ҪеֵܳԵͷˣţ㿴Щȥ꣬ϣľǵõֵֻҪȥЩͻȡֵܵꡣ
ţһôôǸ⣬ͫuȻô˵ˣ˼ҿ϶ͻĵͫuͣˣ˵ʲôҪôһ˵ֻҪֵãԱǾԲẦµġ


1057 ҫ֮
ͫuһ˵飬ҪˡѪֻҪһŭ𣬱ȡ֮֮𣬻֮˲ġ
⣬˷˼Ҳеţˣ̧ͷ˵ֵܣҾλֵܵ⻹У׼ãϾͿʼˡ
Ҳûбİ취ֻܵͷӦ
ţ̶籪΢һ£еԱһȥɲǼȫ
ٶʱŵһҲ쳣˷ܣʼȡԱԱļµ˻濴ֱĩһ㡣
ʶĬĬڵʶָ£ʼ˲궯궯͵ʶܵͷһ죬һƵХը쳹ء
һĪе޴е˲ͲȽ֮£ǵķӦֻȫһӣЩϵĺ꣬һȻǣһˡ
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һıըҲܵǣһؽȫڱըлΪС
һƬȫ˺̣ʧڿ֮С
Ըеƣȷʵһķ顣
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󣬲ɣ䣬ԶŸĵһо
һɽôСߣƵڵסһУһĪĸоʮɸߣڸ߸ߵĳ¥ϣҫ֮ĸ˸Ľ⣬һޱ𺳵ĲɣظС
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󺧣һȭþȫһɽǰҲҪһȭ֮ҡҡλΡŲû֣ǰԼüΪ
һ˫Թ۾ӳϸ֣үȻǿү
һǿүڳ¥ϵĸӰˡ
Ȼûʧڸҫ֮ǵĺ¥ȻˣҲֻҵĶ֡
һ˵ڻ˵󻰣ѵ罵֮ƤܺôҪ֪ͼ¿ǱӴܰһͼһ£ҳװҵ
үĸӰЦΪǴεʤľ֮ʵʵôǵ˵Ĺôҳ˴ʵΪ֮ʵʵԱûκεĹϵҫ֮Уûô˵ˡ
Ŷҫ֮ѵͲܹôʵ赭дȴ˼˿ǡӿү̬ӦǲƵġ
Ҳ㳤ʶɣҫ֮ʵϹʱڵһԡĹųǣԭ½ȴĴᵽ֮Сǳؽ˥䣬ͱһУһ
˵үòϵĵɫȻ磬˵ܹܲأû뵽ɣǼͿΪΪѵ㲻ô
£ΪʲôҪ£ֻҪҺûϢ㣬ҫ֮ôҺΣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ػſү
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ˣȻüͷǾſүģ˵ǽˣǰ벽ԪӤڵĸ֣Ҳǲܡ
ںʹΪӲõУ벽ԪӤڵĸ֣үǺʹ֪ٱҪԼˣȻǻ᲻ϧһԼĿġ
뵽ϵɱ֣俴ſүĸӰ˵ֻûǸˣҫ֮ǣߣһ¾֮ǣʱеЩǼȫΪҵĵ֮
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⣬ҫ֮ǵĹ̶Ҳ֪ҫ֮ǻлҲ벻ѡɴӺ¥ʼ͸оҫ̺֮ĵ̣䲩ѾԶԶ½ļޡ
һУɲԳԸ
˰죬ؾڹԵ棬ǱȲؾġ
źʮ½ʮؾҫ֮ǵʮؾҫ֮ǵӪҫ֮ǵ档
ںˣȴûżҫ֮ĳУһǾʯ쾪ĴвأпܾȫĴܡ
֪֪ˣһսԭ򣬿ҫ֮ǵ˽⣬ǰš
жٱӲһûаյսۡ
Ҫһҫ֮룬Ҫ֪űƵصĵʲô
УҪһЩԱսԱһصʵ⣬ֻܱ֤Լδ֪Ļȫˣɲұ֤Ѵȥȫ
ۺϿ֮£Լȥ鿴һ
ҫ֮Ǹ½ĳвһ½ĳУ¥ǽһ۾۵ףڳǽ֮ϣʿءҫ֮ǣΨһ¶⣬ȫƵС
ѡһǴӳܹۿĵطֱ֣ӴӳϷɹȥһ뵽У浽ʲô
һ£طҪȥ鿴ôģĹսǲκεǵġκһ©Եĺ
뵽ȴŵĳֻ֣ҪɹţӦܹ
ǰϸ۲˳ŵܹסԼһȭĳţĸоǳ졣ԭпǳʹõĲϡ


1058 ʱ֮
һ˿ʣտүղŵ˵ҫ֮ʵ½һǳأŪߣ֮һʱ䡣
ʱҫ֮ǻΪһܾ޸ĶʹáĻҫ֮ǵһЩġɺϾǻķˣҫ֮ٱһ
ìܲˣҫ֮ǱɳһЩϵǿ˵ùȥƱȻдģˮôǰֳôųǱԭĴСҪҫ֮ȫҪĲϿǺİ
˷˺вϱؽһײʾ˵ĶôùԸԼ
뵽۾ԾľתԱƵĵطЩط˿棬ʶ̽飬ʶһ㣬޷롣
˼һ£ǰԼԤ鷽ߡӻһԾɵ˰յСдҫ֮ǵĳżϳ¥Ǻܸߣķ֮£Ե΢ˡ
һɣ¥Ľˡȥ⡣ΪĿ֮ȫƣͿ
ͷųʶһȻʶǰ̽飬˳ŵλãȻЩʧĸоͺһߵ˷ܵĴҲκεķ
йŹ֣ǴĹŹ֣
ջʶԶֿǰĳţпͻͻƿڡ
뵽һģٿ壬¥ȥ
ûĽǼ䵽¥ϣ͸оΧʱշ˾޴ת䡣صһоһλðٶԶȥ
Χľٷţȴȷ֣Լ¥Ͻٶȴ޼ԼĽż¥Ѿߣһľ룬·ǧ֮ңľһоһӽ޷
Ժеʯһתѵ󷨣ģûзʱ򣬾Ѿ̽Χ϶Χû󷨵谭ŷյġ
Ҳ˵һеģֻǽµţ
ӴָקͨԵˢˢˢ貵ĵâͨԵɳ˽µĳţâҲһޱƽŵʱۿžʣһ룬ɾ޷֮ϡ
޴࣬Ϊƾܹƽʱ֮ôҪνˣ޷ʱԿġ
˳ȥһŰɫ׵һսʿ˷·ʻ
߰˳ߣȳƣһɫףŨüֱۣڷɫȻַһ񿥵˲š
ͨԵŻ˴ָ˵˭
ٺٺ٣֪ҵֶ˵ʲôôɶһȥ˵˭ҲǶˡסˣʱսʿĬ޴࣬˭ҰĬ²֮
ԭǰèͬడĬסˣҽɱȵʱһϡͿ꣡ޱȰӦ
Ȥû뵽һ޴ྐྵȻܹҵǰˣ磡㿴㣬޾ʱ߶У㻹ܸʲôأĬ˵
һԷܹʱ䣬ôеһоͶܹ͵ˡԼֻа벽Զľ룬ֻҪʱԼٶȾͻ޽ӽ㣬˵ǰˣǰ磬ԼҲĵľ밡
Ĭɫϸı䣬֪Ѿ³﷢ô£ЦѾͨһЩ顣ӦףһܹʱսʿǰһҲûеġ
֪Ĭ˵ȷʵʵ顣ʱ䣬ζƿһСҲ˵ڶԷǰͨǾûл֮ġԴ֮Է˵һҲûУԲǷĴ󻰣Ǿʵԣ
뵽۾ɵʹֶͨΣºѸĬˡ
ĬĬעӰĬԼʶȴĿʼʶļ£ڵʼ궯أֳ޵ĺɫ
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Ѫû˿СﰢĬ˼һʹС
һŰ׵ͷѪ굱ֱĬȥ
ȴĬԳЦб۾̺ſֲͷ˿ûжǵֵ˼
ͷХĬȥϿֲĳΧĿռ䶼Ϊ֮ͷڽӽĬʱ򣬾ȻŻٶȣأȻڰĬǰߵλͣ
ԸоѪͷŬǰǣȴȻ޷ͻʱĳ߶ȣҲǰ벽
䣡
޴ͷ̺Ŀ˾ҵıըܹⲿʹóȴ޷ıըΪٿҪĴʶģ޷ٿ̺ſֲĹʱ䴦ͣ͵״̬Ծͷıը
ΧĿռһζ·ռ䶼Ҫ̮һĬһĨЦ⣬һѾߡ
䡭
ĬһȭؿڻҪȵķ֣ԼҪֵĬһȭ˫ۣޱȳٻҪסԷĹ˫۾ǲԼָһɬ쳣
ݺݵһȭؿϡһɾʹ˲䴫ȫһȭ£ӦǵɳȥʮɣоԼֻɳ˼ߵľ룡
ʱ߶ȣֻҪʱ޴ܵĳٶȱʱ䳶ɳȥľ൱ţһ
Ϊ˿ֲܹ˭˭ôԶҪӵöࡣʱռ䣬ԵԵ޴ͷ޷ģһУһȥɣ
Ĭһ˵ţһȭһȭȭĬеĹ·ߣи֣޷԰ĬĹЧķӦ
û뵽㻹濹ᰡôǿ壬˵ǸԵʤķɽǿܵʹࡣ㵽ҰĬĹ¼ֶã
˵ţĬĹңȭһк˵ļڶ
ģĬûж˼ǾԼŬӭӰĬʹ
ɱĽôȴˣҲһޱʹ鰡ģһ㱥޾ʹȥģͱˣһ£ܹҾζ
ĬЦţȻϸֳһ˿Ц⣺ĬΪҶʱ߶һ취ûô
⻰ðĬһ㶣Ĭ¶ɫΪ˵ĺݻܹסôʱ߶޵еģҲܹʱ߶ȣǰҾ޵еģ


1059 ԡѪͳ
ŰĬĿЦĬҪһ飬ҵǰûʲô޵еġ㻹ܹôɱ˲ı£Ҳǹѡ
ⷬԼġղʹóѪжû˵ĬɶսʤĬѾǲܵˡ
ڣҪľǼŭĬðĬԼϵĸʹܹ࣬ȫԼǱܣ
ȻĬĻʱŭɶȭϽݣƺҪ˲ܹͷ֮ޡ
ĬЦ㿴ҵǹ񫻹ܹȫŰɱбµǷһҿҲһӲԣֻҲøһӲҪȻԿԼ
˵䣬ĬѾѪֱ硣ŰĬһǼػоԼڵЩζˡ
ܿ죬ıԷ׺ˣѹűΪо׺涼δܹѰĬ塣
ڣڰĬļ˱Ű£ڵ굽Լ޷ѹˡᣬʶޱȿԼұۣȻӳ
بſ
ŵŭһҰ׵ĹâȭΧĿռʱѣһŲҰ׹ʵɫСŷɳֱĬ
ĬһЦߣ˵˶ٱˣʱ߶ڣκιҶЧģ㻹ѵôҡ
˵ĬȻ˵ȥˡ
ΪҰɫСģͷô󣬿ȴܹ谭˿κεԼ
ĬһʱæңڰмչŲ޷ѸСľ
ߣĬҲǾ֮ܰˡѵû˵بŵʱһܹԽʱշУ˵ʱ߶ȣټϿռ߶ȣبǰȫǰ裡ǵѪ¶֮ɫ
Բܣһ綼翵ĴڣôܻʹһԲһĴˣһӦʷˡĬǱҲ˸硣
Цʵʤ۱磬ʱ߶ΪʲôʧˣѵǼٵôԣµûҲһģǣôһѪУһ㣬Ը㹻ˣ
ĬʱԼԼҰ׵Сʩչʱ߶ȣȴûκεãСС̲صĿֲĬ붼
ûᰢĬתӴָקͨԵĬĬʱ֮š
ҪʲôĬЩ˵ˡ
鳾һʱĽڵ㣬ʧ޾ʱ߶ѵʲôô·һ㣬˵˷ѽ⣬Ĭȴװס
㶼֪ЩʲôѵһͷܣĬģΪ˵ⷬȷʵͬһѸֵһ
ͨԵ˵Ĭ԰ʱſǱʱһ̲ͣǰչκ޷ֹġܣĲʱ֮ţô
䣡
Ĭһһû徹ȻبſײһڴĴ󶴡ѪʱȪһӿһĴӰĬĴƮ
ҡͷ̾ϢĬҲǸˡʱܹ֮תʱ߶ȵķʱ߶ȷӵ쾡¡Ҳ˲ٿǾϻ죬Ҫġ
˵ѾͨԵ۵ͷһŭ£ʱ֮î˾ݺ£
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첻ϣĳţһ̮ɢڵ֮ϣͬʱΧڳߵգ֮Ȼһжǰ
һΰĻ棬ǰ
ҫ֮ǵĳţҲǸʱ֮ѾˣƵڸʱ֮µʵûʱ֮ţеһжֳˡ
ǽ̮ĳ⣬ȫȻͦȥȻһۿߣΧĳǽ֮ڣһǽҫ֮ǣڳǳǽ֮ϣͿٿظеǽˡ
ǽ֮䣬ӦͳǵķΧһ˵ڳĳУĽΪ߳еƳɵġ
ʱ֮˲ٵڶԶǽ𹥻Ȼġ
ȻѾƵΧķߣɲϣʱ䴭ϢԼܹʮؾӰ
ͨѶģ½ʮؾЯӪ뵽ͳǵУں俪ǽʮؾɱߡ
½ʮؾӳŵȱһӵ룬ͳſӪҲ˹λá
½һ£ؾӪ뷢䣬춯صĺһſڵһ䵽ͳڲĳǽϡ
ǡ
ͳǵڳǽļµؾһҩĿ£ǽڵֿסڵһ̮½״ս߸߾𣬴ǣһ尡

ؾ沿ӷĺ˳ںĳǽѿڣؾսʿӵɱ˽ȥ
Ȼؾսʿǰģǵˣһ޴塣
ڳǽĺ棬һǽƽУɣɵľݴǵС
ǵûֱ¶ڵ棬һ޴ë̺ë̺棬һЩΪԻ
ؾսʿȵ棬Ͼ͵ǵ֮Сǵĵײļ״еȥսʿʱͱ̴壬̾ˡ
ؾսʿ״Ϊʮˣ޴ĳЩǵսʿҲͣ
ؾвΪʵǿģڿնϣɵжѣȴӶһļ𣬷ɵеؾսʿ޿ɶ㣬ʱһҽŵ
ʱʶԼʧˣΪƾʱ֮ŵıӣڶǽһ¶ǽȴ־Ȼʱ֮ǿķ£ͳǽôĹ
˵ʲôҲûˣ˲ԼͳǽıԵ̧־һȭͳǽһ棬ȻһŰ̮ĳǽߵؾսʿ·ϵǵ֮С
ǵʱؾսʿǵǰ档
Ȼͳ龰ȴǴ󳬳󡣰ͨĳй죬Ӧһƽ湹ơڶǽ֮һСɽһ¶õļܹ֡
ǣ¶ȣеĵطܹоȥһͨڳǵɿխĵ·ĵطǲ̵ơֻͨɱĵطߣǴֿԣ


1060 ޴ת
˵Σ֪ȥʮսʿĸɾˣҲȡԤڵսĿꡣ
Ϊһͳ˧֪Ӧʲô
˰ɡɵ½ߣκα˵
½Ͻ´ﳷ˵Ϊܵεƣ˽еúܲ˳ڵܼԶ̾е£ؾսʿء
ȳأ֮ʮ𡣾һССͳǣؾȻʧսʿ
ʧеȫϡʱ֮źԤ˵飬ûٶڵͳǽϸ飬Ͷ󲿶Ҫ˻ռǽ
屾Ϊʹ;˫ģپĴʱо岻ʣʮڳһصļơ
½׷ȰʤǱҳ£˭Ҳұʧֵʱҫ֮ΧǽѾǲʵؾͳǽҲս˵ؾȡһսЧ
Ҳûиλ磬˵ԼˣҪ徲һ£½ԻصԼĲУͰԼӪУ֮࣬ʼ˼ҫ֮ǵ⡣
ͳǵʧʵûи޴ˡ෴ģͳʧôؾһѡ
ʡԼͼתүĳʿ֮Ժһ·ɨƽԨ۹ѿү˱Ƶҫ֮ǣԼǲЩäĿֹˣ
ʹʱ֮Χҫ֮ǺȻһΪԶԸĵطʹԼСģĵΪү뷨ԼһЩ˼ά
ʶԣһܼѵϿɡͼǵתƣеӾѾʼѿˡ
ʵϣ˵ҪСģɶһս˶׼أֻǲһЩԶ̵ɨƽҫ֮ǣ뷨Щˡ
ңڶԸүϣѵľôүͼܣԭġΪںܾǰܶµĹأ˲ûַӳ
ܹѿүôңʵǺˮֵġ綾һͷ
ҫ֮ǵһսԲеô򵥣ҪʶսܣүҹЩˣԻѸٿԨ۹ǵ۹γɾ޴в
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ھ»ϣ̵ָԼڿ˼Ԩ۹äĿֹ۵
ΪǱʶäĿֹۣھľжеָӣʹô˾޴ʧ
ԼΪؾȫϷɨƽ˵̬Ҫѹҫ֮ǵһǣĴս
˲ǲһģǰԼαװɾͲһŻһٻ㣬з˵ļΪռΪ񶾣ΪʵƽǿԴ
Ϊ˱Ϊֹ۶µиеĲӣӪΪλѸչ˼Ѿ»ϴָʾﵽÿһؾսʿĶ
⣬еսʱ乤ȫȡ˫ľģʽڿѲ߶ӣͳͳӱҪͨʵежȫиȥ񾭸Ҫÿһսʿжһ޴ת䣡
ؾЩ߼죬ûпԴǼҴԼ뷨ָǶԼҵϴԼսȻϽдָ
ãĿǰ£ؾеװҫ֮ǻǸδ֪һǿ϶ģҫ֮ǾԲ½֮ϵġ
һ㣬үһжԵ½һ
ȻǾưɣ
½裬ܸ˶ҫ֮ǲȡжҪʱ׼һЩװǣʱ䲻ܹģҪȡġ
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½ʮؾ͹ͳǽȻ˵þȥһּҵ𹥡
Ӫȫȥϧҩȫҵͳǽ֮ϡɳСɹӣͳǽǵϣȻ沿Сƽ
һӪкһҪѵ˵ע档
ͬʱҪɳСɵĲӣͳǽԵǰһؾҪӱĵطѰͻƿڵӣø߱ƷԳǽƻõ˲òĵطؾĳ֡
ǿһ㣬ǾرҪעԷķ棬ɱؾߴ֣ȫȻ˵˻ᷴһҪǰ𹥻ؾ㹻ĽӦӣһҪежϸ뵽ĳ֡
½ϰĲȥж½ʮؾͳǽ̮ĵطӪķԸͳǽҩػ
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ӳ£½ָʮؾսʿͳǵн
ѴģΪ򲻺աͷͣԷƱػģҲ׶Ըͷ̫ͣôпܾͱĹսͼҲ޴̸ˡ
Ϊϴйľ½һܹٻֲ˻ɵİ취ͨͳΧǼֻܲһ·ͨ½չЩϰ
ٶӻԷҲǲκεĻɵġ
ʮؾͳǽչͻǰؾսʿľеЩϰһǰнʮľ룬ؾսʿһͳڲ
ؾĶ򣬱ү˾۵סǲûͳǵĸ෴ģүЩؾսʿкԶһξ롣
һʮɷԲĴڣûκεİ裬ֻһӵ롣үϣվΧľҹӵˡ
ү棬һ¾޴ӰǽӰǽ棬үؾһһ
ǧ죬ڻһү˫ۣóүָĲɫϣѾˡ
ǧЦүƺ¥ʱ֮ţǴ⣬ͼҪһٹҫ֮ǡҪȻؾҲʧô˵£ٴν˴ģĽˡ
үˣ۾ϣƺǱĿ񣬾þû˵
ҲҴүЦš
˺ܾãү۾ЦҿȻ֯Ľ𹥣ȻҲ֪ڴʲô⣬Ҹҿ϶ؾԲͳǣ


1061 ֲĻ
⻰Щ˼ӰǽǰеĻ涼ˡؾͳǵ棬ǰӪӹϿҩ
Ĺ򣬹ôĳУֻҪӪһҩ͹ˣڣĻ
⣬ؾڳļƿɲ𹥣ʮ򲿶Ӱȫչɲġһıؾ룬ؾҫ֮Уɾŵ㰡
ôģ˭ҲҸɫصĿү˵Щ
ǧһ˵үˡ޶ۣôôģؾ𹥵أ
үɨһҹˣǺ޲ð⼸һɥ֮ȮʵҲˡ뵽ԼҪЩˣүгԼһ͵ĳ嶯
Ϊ˽Ĵ㣬òõЩˣϾԨ۹кġ
ǧ죬о仰˵úã˰ۡ仰Ǿ䰡Թ򣬵ܲԣ»ػҪԿ㣬ĸоʲôģ
ǰһ仰̵棬ǧ֪ԼҪú˵ԼĴ𰸡
һǧ˵ү׺쳣ֻҪܹץסһᣬǾԻҪˡ
үһĴվ˵ȣǧ죬ûװ򣬻ֵ֪ԸＫΪŰյĵطôͲú룬һ˵Ըǻָأ
ǧ첻ɵõһϰĿתӰǽϡ
ſţǧ˵֪ˣүؾŴ֣ʵϲûкĹӣûγڻƣⲻϴģͦĽģʽ
ȣͼһۣ̰ǵؾԡʿ֮ԵҹսĳôӸǵһηѵءǸƴҲػõʵаȡү̲̾סҹһۡ
ǧ칧˵үѵļǣؾҲСһҹƶˣԣһƱľ档ֵϼΪ죬Բǵ沿ĵһֳ֡
ǧ죬һ͸˾Сﲻã罵֮ҲҸϾɱݵ
үô˵ҫ֮ǣǿκεֶΣеҲһһ㣬زвذɡ
ү̧ͷݶһ˵Ӧû⣬ǻһ񣬾ǰ¾ɾǻкܶҪ
˵үЩŭ䲻Ŀҹһۡ
ǧ֪үʲô˼ɱˣ罵֮ǲóֵģֻܷЩλȻ˴ﵽԼĿġ
Ϊ˻ͿүķƣǧʵүôӦЩ𹥵ؾ
ү¶˲̵ЦݣȻˣǾͱȥˡǧ죬ȥһˣָҹĲںʵʱ򷴻һ¡סҪֻ̰ҪɱͳǽͰѾӳ
ǧ߳ȥӣ½Ǳȴһӽ¡εյ㣬ͳǵĺ
ķ·ӦǲرԶԶȥԵĽ£һʿӰӶûп
½һʱЩΪˣǼǰǾʹ˳أżѵľ
һ£½ѲԼסɳһǧ˵Ķ뵽µ顣
һǧСӵԱ½裬еĹһˣСʾǷҪǰС
½һ˵ǰУʱ汣磬ϻ㱨
ɲ½һ³ģΪ½Լжϵġܵ˻ʲôͼֻҪܹռݹ£ǰ˳״˿ƾ蹤ڻ󲿶ӳˡ
һǸԽɹ˿صľ档
½´ؾռ˸£ϸһֹ²ûʲôͰշĲ̣ѸݵŪΪԼṩľݵ㡣
ǰСӻ㱨ǰԶһ޴ĳأȫʯ̳ɣӣһ޴Ĺ㳡
״ǺġΪһУûй㳡ڲԱû˻Ŀռ䣬һ˵еĹ㳡ڳĸһЩͳУͨкü㳡ĵشһΧĸӦĹ㳡
ͷӣĸǰСӣ㳡ʲô½ھݵؾ½ಿкǲϴͳǽܵʧˡ
Ϊ½ͷһнһͿһԲ֮ľ޴㳡
ͣ½Ĺ㳡쳣ž½ﷺ
½оҪ󳷵ʱ򣬺Ȼ㳡еʯһ쵯𣬴ʯ棬ðһž޴󴲣
¸¸¡
һ󴲷ļµ
Ե죬Ե½оðϽŭ
ûؾսʿӦݵƿڶЩ󴲾Ȼǧ
Щ൱£ֱģдϲͬǶȵ䡣һͰؾ·еǰλȫסˣ
ֲǣЩƽûԵؾսʿ󣬻мǿĳ
Щݵ㿴żޱȣôǿ֮£Ȼ͸ݵ֮ȻδѾݵеؾսʿҲ˲١
ʻ߷еԶھݵ֮ؾսʿҲСһ½豯ʹ֣ؾսʿҲվˡ
Ҫǣ˵ؾսʿǹͨˣʮأϳؾС
ϴ˵ĵ֣
½˵ţһѰԱߵһսʿϣؾ󳷡
ڴʱ㳡ĲԶĺɱ
׷û½еٺ£ëȻǣ㳡ϵ󴲣ٴη˿־
Ե½гűŭεĸоû취Եܹ
ݡ
ٴηɹؾսʿ򱻶˵ϣ½ʶӻسʱѾһֵ޷̤Ϲˡ
ѹƣзķӺܿ׷ؾؾ֮࣬޷ս
½Դ˶Ϻ󣬼ƴɱŲؾǱͳǽ֮⡣
ҿҪнӦĲӣֹ˵ķ档ӦӿԼ˳˴ӭ׷½ĵ˳ȥ
ԷҲԤ׷ͳǽˣ˫ûндģսԳˣⳡսǸһ䡣
ӵսʧɫû뵽Сĵ£ؾȻôĿսؾսʷϻûֲֹսʣ
ٺʿ½ǰϸѯ̾ǵ͹˿үǾʧĴϹе󣬱ֻ䵥ɱѷڱ滨ɢЧȴǱȱ滨ǿϺֹ򱶰


1062 ŭ
˲صŭգʱﻹʲôǣҲ˲ԼûиԭͱͳǷȥ
Ǹ޴Ĺ㳡̧ȥ㳡Ѿָʯ̾͵ӣû˿Ц㳡ȥĻأһƵضʱվЦſЩ󴲡
ݡ
ǵصΧԲɵλȫסһĨŭɫԼǿ壬ӭȥ

ϣͬһһֻֻʱ÷飡Ȼûܵ˺ǿĳѡ
ͨĸо֪ЩƲҲͬһ㣬ѹؾĻףоݵ㹤¶޷赲Щ
Ϯķһߵ󴲵ǰ̧־һȭܹܵȭһȭ֮£󴲺Ȼѣһ
ƾԼޱ͵ıݻ٣һ󴲸ҵϡã
еһУӰǽǰĿүһ˿үۼ󱻻٣û˿İգмЦ⡣
˵үСʱΪؾ˴ġͨ棬ԿóӲŵġڶԸʱ֮ϣĲСǲǡ
˵Щ˵ȥˣΪүϵһЦݣ̼佩סˡ
˵ô˵ȥˣǰʲô˵ģү˵
ˣ֪үȻûбʾȴϣҲȥˡ
үƺβȥɵֻҪˣһвͶӭжô
үüͷҲֳһ˿âڳ̾һ˵򵽽ϣôףǵ֮ҪɱͱҪȡЧаյķ
үЩǧϽԲүҲСӰǿɺˡֵԹҲģɵҲġ˵˵
˵꣬ǧת˵صһ⣬һȥֻɱܹȷһô
һ˰ŵŵӦûа˳ɵİհɡ
˳ɣôߵİգǧЦһ˵ãǾǰ˳ɣ˳ɲζһܹɵǲǣһܵҪҵϸɱǿɾͲˡ
˵ҲɵӣϾǧͿү˼һˣƱػСӦԿүûаǾԲֵġ
һүЩ˴Ͱ͹ͷĿ꣬Ҫʵ־ңңڵˡֻҪ㣬үֻܸɵۡ
ƴҫ֮ǣһ͵Ĵʱǲ
ǧ쿴¶ɫ֪ˡ
ЩȷʵүհԶ˵ղ˵İ˳ɰհɣǿְҫ֮ǣ㻹ôɣУҫ֮ǵʱƱػģʱݴͣǸɵʱô
үһ˵úúøǧѧѧ¶ӡҫ֮еһ̣Ҫ½ҫ֮ǾҪȥĿһ޷ʵ֣˶Σûҫ֮սȣѰ
ү֪ˣһҪදӣүʧʮֳϿҵ˵
үֵǾͺá㿴Ȼŭɣȴûжô󲿶һ˹˵˵Ļصúܰ󲿶ǰʧأԼȫˡҿһܳ
ǧЦүĪ⣬ǼƹˣͳǱסˣȥ׼һһؾԤ
үοصͷʾǧȥ׼ˡ
󴲵ͷ֮йǷйˣսȴǽˡһϵе𹥼ƻȫؾˡ
صӪټڽԹҫ֮ǵٴνۡ
λϣԵķ硣һֽţؾкܶԭġֻҪʶ˵ˣǲ̫鷳ġȻѾݻأؾӦüռͳǣȡΪӪİ취סˡ
һֽΪδȡԱصİ취󲿶ʱȡ̬ƣһ׼ٽож
ۺֽȡһĲԣʱȡ̬ƣҪɳСɲϮŶԷһߣǾСɲӵĺ󷽣ҪܵĽӦӡ
ź˾ϻǵ۹ǡȻǵ۹ĵ۶ȴԭؾǵ۹ʱġﱣؾľе𳡣ҪһϵеƷơ
ؾҫ֮棬ֻб׷ɱǶʱ￴˵ˣʱ˵涼ûпؾʧϣ˼ڷĲ㡣
ͨͳǵĵ·ϣǵǼ·ϣؾʵҪڻ𸲸峡ġ
ΪؾӪڳǽϺķ˴ĵҩǽڻ׼֮ؾȻûв覴ãؾڻ޷ҫ֮սѾǲʵ
мڴˣѵһעص㣬ŵڵĸϡǰҲûƵ뷨ⶫ̫֮󣬻ԸǷΧɻԵĴеĽȫݻٲ˵ɴݲľ档
ͨսϣлԵĴȷʵɱȡһΪһֱûʹر䷽
ҫ֮޶ʧôսʿҲ΢ЩӰˡٸҫ֮һ£ʲôֶҲͶ˲ˡ
үʹõͬǿܹɴģԱĸ߼еȻԷѾͷǲǿӲֶλҲЩ˵ȥˡ
ڵĸڵи߱ϵѡϡһ˵ؾĿǰڵеĸ߱ϣѾǴģļ޲Ʒˡ
ΪʹõľеʣϾ׺Ʒ̫ߣ̫󣬺״һ̾Ͱһ۹Ͽġ
䷽Ϊ̫󣬲ûʹõڵ֮еġ
ڣԣûʲôܹҫ֮ǵͬҪˡԼղصЩ½ĸ߱ȫó쳬߱ڵ
ΪԤֵܳڻ𸲸ǲ㣬Գ˸ڳϣΪӦҫ֮ǸӵĵΣѡڵѳСͻŪøڲС
ĳǰٱͨڡѪһųڡսķӮͨԣֻҪΪʤʲôҪµġ


1063 ĵ
ĸϾЩעľؾ⡣£˺ؾսʿÿ뵽оһֻ֮ȥʹ
ĻףĴɱûбսʿЧġҪܶ󼶱ɱˣĻͬ۵ġ
Ҫ֪׷Ǹ커׵ĲϢϢء߷ĻףõܹͬϿϡʡܼҵײףҪ˷ǷַӾܰѼҰܹˡ
ڵ̬΢ЩˣԼݺµϱԼΣѵʱûãһҧһȫҽȥˡ
û˿ңǮû˿׬û˿ɾʲôûˣȥˣ
һ԰ԼĴָȫڳûܹõսϵĶֻҪһôȫóƳսҪĶ
ƴˣ
ϻӻһգԼҩҲóרЧҩۡ
ƵҩĿԺȷҲжжƣһԭֹܹס飬ܹס
Щ飬˸쳬֮⣬鶼𳡺ҩͿˡ
һǱҪģǾǸү˶֮ҪŤתӵеĳͷųĲ档
ү˵ĳµӡʵ̫ˡԸǧâʱˡ
ԺڶԸ˵ĳʱǻٳ˵ʹҫ֮ǿԺ޹˼֣Щϵͷۡ
ϸ˸ү˶ʱΣЩԴǿϸоġ
ǧâŭͷŶﵽ˵еĿĵġ
ʹЧϿǧâ˵ЧܺãҪľ쳬ǿĻֵİ취Ļףֵܹâʮʱ䡣ʮʱδ̫ˡ
ϾǧĳʦŻѪľ֮õһЩ޷ġ
ʮʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ˣĸֶԣ˵ʮһ֮䣬㹻ˣǧĳܹԸˡ
֮ȣܹھϵʣʵսУ֣֮ȶļûڻЧֻҪƤëȫλĶƣӦֵܹһ
ŭһֽһĶͲþʶԿˣʱҲֻˡ
ͷ۵ģǿүʿ֮ԡֳʵ̫аˣǶ˾ܹΧѾɳʿ
Կү˵ʱҲܹʹУҪڿүһأʣһܷɵˣԼ
ôҪþսֲһˡ
ǰԴ˵ԤԼԸԸһ벽ԪӤӶԸǸʱûаѳֵڣбҪһ¶Կү˵սˡ
ֶ֮ƣܹΨһĲԡû뵽үôĳͬҲû뵽ͱǿԮ֣
ֻҪЩĳԱڣܹһ£սкܴġ
оսү˵սΪֵʵ̫ǿԼֻ쿿ףܷסֵûɡ
𳡺ϢƵƷҩѾϣȥա
һʱЩ˼𳡺ʲôʱôЧˣô̵ʱھȻܹôص
֪ʱ䣬֪ʱˣΪ̫оĹУ֪͹ȥʮ졣
֪ҫ֮Ǳ߻Ǵڷ̬ƣԼﵢʱˡ
뵽ϽЯеĸƷеҩҩۣҴҸҫ֮ǵķ
û뵽뿪ʮʱؾȻֺ˰
֪һǷʲô飬ҵ½裬ѯʵô¡
칰˵£ԴߺһûʲôɾĳҹӵĴӪͻȻ˲֪СɵˡЩҲɱǵսʿ߾ǶһЩ߱ƷϾʧǿʼʱûϣɵ˺ɵȴԽԽˡ
ˣһ֪ؾжϽģҪ˵һΰΣķӪԭǶηе˵ȥˡ
ԱʧôԶԱʣʵҲֻԱʧ
½ʩ£һ˰˴ҹϮܹʧһսʿУС
½µģüͷʵʲô˵ģ˵׻ʲô
ر£²һӪǰεԱʧֻʮˣΪӪ٣һξʧ˽ʮˡ
ϢԾСϵǰİ˴ҹϮ˵˵ֶηǳ֮ܶ
õʲôֶôûʲôʧʵ
½¶ɫ뵥ϥ˵ܣûõʲôֶΣһûһˡ
ŭܣֻһҹϮôʧҲͰˡƫƫǰ˴ΣһطξͿԱΪ޴ˣΪֱ޴ˣ
½ѣû˵صĻ
վɡѵǾûзһ˿ôŻ˾Բְصˣô˵ҲҪЩӡ
վ½ǰһ£һеҹϮʱҺ½͸߶ӣϸֳӸڲõΧһҲûзټų˵˴ΧҺ½ǲǵڵصģ
˵½迴һ졣
Ͻ˵Һ½ֱ˴ӷ¼ĵشʼ飬ȷ˲ԵĵطȷʵжѨڳµصΧǶѨʵ̫Сˣֻһ˿խĳߴĶѨռڲ˶Զ
ˣҲ뵽˳˼Сڵصⶫɲ˵ڵģ̫խھ˲ȥ޷ӹ̣صʱ̮ҪڵصĻֻһ˿խⲻʵ
½˵һεҹϮֻʧˣҺ½ĸ߶ӡǶҹѲ߼Ӵȣһ֡û뵽˾Ѳ߶ӵļ϶г֣ڶʧʮֵܡ
ʵ½൱ѻģڶγº˷ҪҹϮץúһ
ǣôãҹϮܹ֮ҵյ͵ϮؾϮ½е˲


1064 Ѩ
ԶԶǵ󣬾ؾصǿȣ֪еĲطؾ˴˼Ӧٶö޷
пʵȴǵ˾£һһ˶ؾϮš
˿Ҳͷֲߣһ£׼㡣
ɾڳĵҹٴγ֣һθɧŲֱͬӪ
ִ֮£Ӫ٣ԱҲܵһʧ
ǣ˴ؾٴγˣ˵
˽ϸʼˡ½裬Ǿ鼫ḻĽ졣ؾսʿҲǾþɳϱˣһ⣬ǳ⣬ⶼ⣬ΪԴ⡣
˰˴һһΰӪĹؼ˻ˣԵùޱˡ
һвΪ֪εԭС
뵽û˵ʲôȥӣ½Լȥ鿴ֳ
½˳µĵطȻֳЩ𻵵ļ󣬵˵Ǳԭӡ
ٵӪǱԭò˲ƵӪУϸ۲۲ͷ϶ǲ˸߱ƷֱӻٵӪ
ٵֳҲԣǷʮ㡣Ҳ˵ʹʮ߱ƷŰӪٵġ
ʮ߱Ʒ䲻࣬ҪٵӪڷŵλҪʮ־ȷָ߱ƷֻҪ趨£ʮԻٵӪ
ɶԷʮһ˵˱ȽϽһҲ˵˸оʱȶòӴͶĸ߱ƷӮʱ䡣
ƹжϵʱҲܹˡ½轲ؾʧʮսʿУڵֵ֮ģǰ˸ˣʣµȫھҵıըС
һ㣬˵жʱ䣬ʮʱ䡣жʱˣɵôأ
ڵصôܹȷӪλأҪ֪ӪΧǷɭϣֻҪ¶ͷλƫϾͻᱻؾսʿ֣˵ǻӪˣԼԱġ
չʱ䣬űٵӪֵܳ˵ĵطʼתȦڣڵϷһ۵Ķڡ
һڸ˵Ĳܹ࣬һ˿խСѨ
Ӵָͳ˿ĩϵһͼϣŶ˽ȥĲϽ£ʮɳ˿ܿ쵽Ѩ
ǵصխĵصôܹأİ취Ҳ벻ͨôһġ
˿ҪŻشָȴȻ˿йճĸоһ˿棬һճҺ塣
½裬죬ȥɽţҽйԵú˷ܣ
½֪֣²ҵϽܳȥȥнţˡ
һţˡ
ֵܣҹʲôôţǸϵе㼱ˣ˵Щ
˿ݵ˽ţǰ˵磬㿴˿ճҺʶ
ţӹ˿ϸ鿴˰죬üͷ˵ֵܣǴĶմĶⶫѾ˰
ϲţȻʶⶫͰѷճҺǰ󾭹ϸţ˵һ顣
ʵ磬ʶⶫܸⶫô
ţüͷ˵ɹϷڵճҺģǣɹ½Ѿ伣˽ˣôСʱڳĴ²Ҽʶⶫ˺İʱû˵ⶫְ
ҲݺһüͷţһĻٿȫ飬йһ飬ûнţ֪ġ
Ȼţ϶ɹϷڵճҺǿ϶Ǵˡ
սţɹϱҲԱеһͬ˵;޴һС
ɹϳڵ£ڶֵľɹϻķΧȺûгͻӦܹ޺ܺõĺг
ǳԵĶȴǷ˴ɻ䣬ɹϲԵľȥĸߵȼ޵ĹͷЩߵȼ޶һȺ˵һͳݵ
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Ϊ⣬Ⱥѹɹϣ⵽ɹϵķ񱨸һս
յĽɹ伣ˣţһɹϵʬ壬ҲǴδսŴġ
˽ţͣЩ벻ͨɹܹӽؾӪУǵĵȼǳͣǲըӪ鰡
ңҲ˱ɱؾսʿʬ壬Ǿеˣɹܲʹľеɡ
ʣţ˸ֵĶڡ
ţϸڵĴС̽һ£תͷ˵ûдճģɹճҺһ㣬ɹϾԲôӦĺۼ
һ˵磬ûôһֿܣǾǰɹϵƤڻ֮ĶȻ˴ϣܹʹвɹϵĹܣ
ţһҡͷܣɹҼƤǳ޷мӹҪȻڵжҲͲճҺˡ
˵磬ȺԸɹϵʱõʲô취
Щ鷳ˣȺԸɹϵʱҲ˲ٿͷΪⶫڶٶ죬޼ѰĴܷ֣ɹҪϵճҺͱҪʳøߵȼ޵Ĺͷһ϶ɹÿһʱҪصѨԼʳ˳ȺŴɹϡ
ǳҪûб˼·ֻܰսţṩķһ¡
ôһȺˣɹϵ弼ܣôҲɹһҪھͨĸߵȼ޹ͷ
ڵĵֻһǾҫ֮еˡԴҲҫ֮ǵķ򣬶ͨɲһ׵飬Ҳ˵ӦûмĲתվתվпܾȺ˾ۼĵط
ؾҹϮʱ㣬пܻķΧϻ˳Щпתվĵطһһ˱ǡ
ñǺĽӽЩطִؾսʿݾߣֻҪűǵΧ̽ˣҲţϽϱ
ɳȥսʿ˴ģܿ죬һӳƫʮλã˲ļ
÷սʿСģǧ𾪶˶ԷԼǸϽ㱨ĵص㡣
˵طҵǸ㱨սʿؾսʿָ£Ŀ˳쳣ĵط


1065 ·
ͷųԼʶȷΧû󣬿ʼһ۲췢ֲĵص㡣
Եľǵϵһ̲򼣣˵˳űġΪĵ㣬۲죬ԱߵĲݴзһճҺĺۼ
һճϲüҡǸڱؾӪطֵճҺһ£һѰճҺĺۼڣ˳һ·ճҺҵһصĶڡ
ڶΧЩˡΪʵ̫խˣҪԼ̽ѰĻֻҪУܵĵطûУȻᱻ֡
Ҫǲ̽ѯȡõİ취δؾͻЧҲбĳ·ڲǸʱĳڰˡ
뵽˳Ŷھͽȥˡ
һ˿խĶЩѾֻֽŲãһƨɣܹڡ
ԽԽΧǺڶһƬĹƣԼѾʮǳˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãȻǰһ˿⣬ڳʱںڰе˵ֱһϲ
Ļ⣬пζˣ
뵽ٶȣǰвκε졣ȻĶϼ䴫˵͵͵Ļｻ̸
ͣʶͷŵ򷢳ĵط̽ȥʶϢ֪ǰʮɵľ룬һзСĿ׶ˣ졣
˵ҲлûʲôõĶ
ȷǰһӽԼԼΧһѻԱߣһûһ˵Ż
Ϣ˽ӽ˵ĶڱԵವһܵ˵ԡ
˵ΪʵȻͻȻֵʱ֣һ׶СѨɱȥ
һ죬Ѿ˶Լ˵Ĳ֮ϡ˲Ĺ̼䣬˾ɥһչѾ˵ǰ
˼Ҵɲס˽ŲǼ˹һ㣬ϵļⲻϳ鴤ͣȴǺ
Цţǰһץס˵ֱۣȴ˵ֱ쳣ճûɹճҺĸо
ˣû˿ЩҹϮȥսʿӦΪֻع
ֱÿס˵ڷ˼ͬʱԥ˱ԼĿܡ
ͨ䣬˽⵽Щ˾ǼҹϮؾӵˡǿүֲսԱ
ЩܹаˣǷ˿үṩҩűӵġڼлǵÿүǷҩʱ˵Ļ
үЩˣЩҩɹҩºûκεӰ죬һܣǾɹϿصļܡ
ƾܣټϿүЩõܹ⵽𶯵ĸ߼Ʒ˵սӾͻٸƷĲ˶ؾ󲿶ӵĵ¡
ݲǵָЩ˿ҵؾķشȻҹɫؾϮ
Ԥû̫룬ЩҲҪߵȼ޹ͷܹɹϵļܡЩ˲жʱͷɢȥ޹ǣжǻۼһ𣬹ͬж
ΪؾԶЩ˻û׷ؾԾͣؾٴεʱж
˵Ժļÿһؾսʿɱʱ龰˺飡
ѹסԼŭȥѰԼͬ顣һˣһоʮ߸ȻЩѡ˵͵ϮôЩ˵Ľ֣Ҳڵ½ɡ
˵Ĵ·ҵսԱĶ˶򣬽ҲֻһǾ·һ
ؾܴ죬˲أҲѪζڵսԱǸɴѾʴˣ
ɵеĵսԱȻһ뷨Щ˶Ǹҫ֮ϵβһ㣬ҫ֮˷Ϯأ
ǸܣؾеսԱܵĴ£ڵͨҫ֮ڲ
ܹﵽļλãǸЩ˲ߵȼ޹ͷյվѾ뵽ͳڵĵطˡ
ָӿܳȥսԱſܾ͵˲ʵĵط
ԶԶģЦôˣ֪·ˣǹŸô첻֪ˡ
ٿſ˵⼸û飬ڵе䣬ԾͰ·ˡ
˵䣬սѾ˵ˣսԱ˵˵ɨһۣȻ˼
Χܹжʮˣһ˵ˣĸڣʮڿⷿһķ
һͷȻһ
ǶֵİţһսԱϳһͰ˵˸סˡţʮսԱչη˹ѰҺĿ꣬գۼͰѶʮ˿סˡ
ϸ峡󣬷ûб˴ڣ𱻿סˡ
ʵĽ΢ЩʧֻһʵĵطûʲôҪ壬Ķôģ²ÿ˴ɽ
ɽϣ
һҫ֮ǰôɽأҵٴ˷Լʶÿ²ļ䣬˲û˵ѡʵˣǴɽġ
Ե棬Ĵ۲죬Χƽأ͹ˣôڷ²Ժƾճһɽأ
ɻߵ˲ʵĲֿҪЩȴоԼϷЩĸо
̧ͷһһӰ
үһþòѵЦ˵㻹ҵˡʲôʣңЩС䣬ָܹõʲôϢأ
ЦүĹգؾʧأ֮䣬бѪҪİ
ѪˣѵôһЩӣҪôҪ˵ҪĻѻŪǵ۹ˣԲүжȻһâ˵Ҳʼͱˡ
ߣǵ½һǲݽ棬Ǳ½ҲȲǵһǲǣүҸ㶷Ϊжţ㿴ЩеĲݽ棬ֵֵأ
үֵھͲ˵ʲôˡеĵҪھԵʵǰܹԼ顣֪Ϊʲô¶ôҾǸ㣬˾ҫ֮ǵĵ㣬ҪǶȵÿûܹǵǰ
˵꣬үڴЦйص˺֮硣
ͻȻ䣬ǷһҲɫ䣬Ͻˣ죬Ͽ쳷ˣ
䣬Ͼѳ޴ѷ죬Щ²һЩؾսԱ̼䵽ط쵱СЩ˽˼̵ľҲûϢ


1066 
Ͻ赼ʣսԱ⳷ˣ鷢̫ͻȻ̫죬սԱ˶ʮ
滹ڲͣزԽԽҡȻ潥¡һεɽһĽ˵档
ʣսԱ뿪Զעı仯ͼνԽԽߣ˰ʱһߴһߵĸߵس˵ǰ
ʼʱһʵΪߵ˹ԲŻᱻΪǽĸߵȫֳʱ˳ױˡ
Ϊߵأȸҹ㲻㣬ͺͺģûκεֲǣȫ¶ʯߣڸߵصı棬޽÷ݵ㡣ֻһѵС·Ӹߵµ쵽ߵ档
ڸߵ͵ˣȫ˷ݵ㣬Щݵ㹰һ޴ĳǱǱԸߵصн䣬ûʲôǡ
ƽصߵ֮䣬кüĶ£Щ£ķǣôߵضһ޷Ƶĸߵأ
ϸ۲˸ߵصķƣȻŶʮսԱصؾפء
Խ񣬾ζԼбҪҪģ
뷨ؾĸ߼еһָߵء
һͼѸߵصĴøؾ˵һ飬Ȼ˵ӵϿҾҪ޴Ŭġߵ켫㣬Ҫ빥ҫ֮ǵߵһҪġ
½ϸ˲ͼ֮˵£عΪҾδãҪ빥¸ߵأҪеĴȫѹȥûһ޴ĳȡСģĹǲκЧġ
ʮͬ½ķ˵½ĽеȴӪߵΧ峡лɵĿ꣬ڸҺƽˣҪʡڵҾҪһܹʮĵط
½ȥ컹ָԭĲӣ½ָӡ
½Ӫʮ沿ӵڻ£ͳǽλá
ʮҪǰ·ߣǿɲһСġ½ӪָʾؾƵڵȫ·档
һڵĺͳϲʲôϰûǱؾɾĺըһƤ
һΣؾӪǰһΡҰĻݻ£ؾӪƽ˸ߵصĸ
ھߵʮλϣ½չڻλפλã½Ҫȫ峡üؾиŵĵط
½ָӪ곡ͨĸ֪ԼϣԽˡ
ӵϢؾɱͳǣһֱ½õĵطӪկ
ߵصʵĿչڽǰʱڽ޲Ϊô̬ĸߵضࡣ
ԷѾڳһϷصӣһеļı¶ķǰǲ԰ġڣΨֶΣܹ¸ߵء
½裬ڵеҩԼĸ衣Ӹߵײ㿪ʼʵ޼϶Ļǣ
ӵ½ϰںӪеڵɸڵ
ܴǰӵ֪ͨڵԭʹڵһ죬ڵŵĺΧؾڱսʿ˶ݵĶʧϡ
ںڻУڱսʿƾžڻģΪѾĴˡ
һſŸڵ䵽ߵײϡÿһڵȥܹʮɸߵʯؾУڵĺʹߵҡҡλΣӾҪߵغһ㡣
һȥڻĵطеķݵȫʯԭǹͺͺʯգۼʯܲɽ塣
ۿһִЧ½ӪԪʵл츲ǡ˼Զ̸֮󣬲ֹͣڻ𹥻
ʱҪ沿ӳȥռء֯ͷӣӵȥڻ𸲸ǵķΧڣռء
ճ棬ռصսʿӦþ͵زؽзں˵ĵطһŲȥǳʯ޷йء
ڴʱ빥ؾսʿԶľݵڣԷĹҲʼˡЩݵȡĹǸ־е͵Ĺ֮ĸҲСڻ
ؾЯľеԹϽľеûлֵأֻܱѹסڵأ·Ļ׽Ӳ
ǧ󸲸ǵĵطؾսʿֿܹסԷĹǵзڻĵطؾսʿĻ׿ɾûʲôˡ
ÿһŵľұըܸΧؾսʿɾ޴˺
ԼսʿսһһĵطҪ׼ġ
ӣϡƺЩȻ˭ܹóĮ̺ļĳŭ
һֱȽϾһֶΣΪڿûκεڻɳȥĻؽ⵽Էڻ
ҫ֮һɭϵĵط÷ȥϾΪԷṩİӡ
һֱѷΪһǳԤʹã򲻵ѵʱʵǲӡ
ڣ򲻵ѵʱ̵ˡ湥ӱѹƵ̧ͷ˵ķڻ沿Ӵ˼˺Ӫʱ䵽ָλáھҪһӮһЩʱ䣬Էߡ
ٶܴССķնŵ˸ߵذɽķݵ˹ȥ
ûȷӿ˵ķڻѾȿˡܼķڻ£һһķðỤ̃ҡ׹䣬䵽ϲ˾ҵıը
ȷӿ˶ԷݵʱѾһķˡʣµһŵ˵ľݵɫɫƷ
ЩƷеǸ߱ƷеܹŨ̵ƷŨ̵ڻؾ沿ڿ̧ͷӵŭų˵˵ľݵ㡣
䡭
ڴȽйһſڵγһ޴ĻȻڵڵԶˣڲıըǿҵѣ⣬ݵеĵ൱鷳
ڵڻؾ沿ӿ˾ݵ㣬ӾݵУؾսʿһſŸ߱Ʒӽ˾ݵ֮ڣһıըݵڵĵ˱˲ؾսʿҲϽ뵽ݵ֮ڣ϶Ծݵи죬ѾݵԼܹõıݡ
䣡ڵ˳ܵķڻ£һܷҲڿзǣٶ̶̵ܷ˲䣬ȫûˡ
ǷӵǾֵõģûǵĹ沿Ӿû̧ͷйĻᣬûлᣬ沿Ҳ޷ռһЩݵ㣬ȹ̵ķء
۵ð𣬿ɱϻҪž޲Ϊһ䣬ΣѵĹͷҪסԼе


1067 
ؾͷռ˲ֵľݵΪ֧ţͿЩݵĵ˾ݵʵлѹƣӶʹúؾս
ۼͷռأԴʮ˴εؾȥռݾݵؾڻ£ݵ
ٵһЩݵҲռһЩݵؾԼȹڸߵذɽλá
½״ӪǰƣƽɽֻλãԪʼؾȹ̵ķǰڻ졣
ʱ򣬸ߵضȻ˱ʣԭһĸߵأȻؾڻ𸲸ǵĵطȥһ飬ͺߵصϰ벿ƽʮɵĸо
һƽƲҪߵϵоݵ㣬ʱؾӪҪǵ߽ǶȣͻݵϷͽǶȣǻһؾϡ
һϽͣӪĺԼĲС
ֱʣǴֱʣû뵽ߵôӴ壬ܹûؿơүؾĻ׼ġ
ۼ칪ʩ£ʮֽƻѾ㵽ڸǲĵطɳСɲӣԵʵ˹
һ£ʱҲûкõİ취͵ͷͬĴ򷨡
֯ʮ֧˹ģСӣÿ˶䱸ں͸߱ƷǳȥһԵоݵ
һ£ʮ֧СӾ˴˼ľ룬ӹ߳ߵ
ΪߵشӰƽƣʵؾսʿе·ϣһʮɵƽأΪƽصĳ֣ؾսʿҪӽһݵ㣬͵óһƬء
رµظΣգΪڿϣ˾ݵԼƤ£ܹƵǳֱۡιĻΪιǰ죬ݵǻܳ
˹Ѷȡ
ؾսʿǰУһͽӽɽƽƵĲ֡һܣܹϾݵǰƽءӵСӳһ֣ʾȫͣߵƽϷĻĵ衣
ͨͨͨ
ʮĻƽϱըһɹŨ̶ʱס˾ݵǰһƬյءźĻӿСӳһǣ尡
ͬʱʮСͳͳԾٶȳ뵽Ļ֮Уʮɵľ룬ֻҪ嵽ݵǰʤ
ʱһǿķȻڻסСӵḷ́ʱߣʱеСӻֻԶеؾսʿʱ¶ڶݵ˵С
ݡ
ƿյ˷һ䵽ĶԱϡ
ȵķ֣Լ׼ĻףȻֲĳжϣ˵ȻҲǾ˸ӹ˼Ϊ͵ϡʹøؾ׵ֵˣ
ûзκε죬ǧսʿ屻ǿѪģ˳·ϡ
ڶ飬׼г˷ŭɫ⵹˵첻ָӣֲռκƵĹսɻľ;˹Ľࡣ
һȥԼһսʿ˵һʿĴڶԷԣһִεĹȫʱװӦһεĳ档
ڶǧСϽ뵽˹أΪ˷ֹһִγʱֵ⣬ڶӵָԱĻͶڹ֮ǰͶһЩһҩ֣ڹĹлҪĻڻ
ĿûзڹСϣǰĿͶĵطһ鹥ʱͻķɻֵδ̫˰ɣôؾʱǡô
صҪڵڶ鹥ʱ᲻ỹᴵ
ʵӡ֤Ļɣڵڶӳʱ֣ڲ෽һ۵ľݵУһǿķγؾӿӪĻЧҳķɢˣ
ʧȥĻڻڶĳȻɢȫ¡棬ǧؾսʿѪȾս
飬ϣϵĻһѳ£ӣ׼ڹ£ˡ
ĳ棬ɱʽĳ棬Ȼֱܸ˺Чֺηĳ棬ȴܹɼΪ𺳵ѹ
ѹԲɣֻҪһɾǾǱʿת
֪һ㣬Ҳûֹɡ
ۿŵĳӽ뵽ָأһչΣҲĳСӵ
ͨͨͨ
ĻͬʱСٴη˳档ĿǰֵܵĲЩӵսʿ뵽ĲǻǷѪԣҪ嵽ǰ棬ȥĵֱ
ؾսʿ˺ѷεĺһηȥ
һȥĿ겻Ǹսʿǳ棬һתתǸĳǿľݵ㡣
һǿִ˳ȵľʱһΣѾ˷ڵλãһãѿеһö߱Ʒ˳ŷ˽ȥ
һ죬ǿľݵ㱻ҵرը죬һأҲûǿ紵ɢڻؾսʿĻˡ
ݵеĵȻҲǷŸƷͼ赲סؾսʿûȷĿֻ꣬Ǻҷ䡣
ȵĻɢȥʱ򣬾ݵĵ˾ֵط֣˫۵ؾսʿѾ嵽ǰ
쿴龰ϹŰӳ嵽˵սʿм䣬һսǣҳ尡

أǵĳ棬ھݵ֮ؾսʿҲų
սʿһĳ죬ʱЩˣΪȻ嵽˾ݵǰݵҪʱģİ취϶ǲˣ
һСӳȵֵǣ󲿶Ѿˣǲث֣᲻ῴźֵڵ˵ľݵ֮£
⻰һе˶˶ӳҪʲôǲث֣ǲῴֵȥ
ãֵǣǶүǣһ·ɣΪ˴أǾԲϧԼ

еսʿŭ𣬼ѡһݵ㣬ЯŸ߱Ʒȥ˸߱Ʒ
һը춯أѪУ˵ľݵҲһ졣
Ŵ󲿶ӣһƬأ󲿷ֵľݵ㱻սʿٵʣµĲݵ㣬γˡ
ڻҵսУѰ졣
Σ죬ΣμۣһӰؾش󣬰Լʾ͵ÿһսʿĶ
ؾսʿǲҵϽ͵Ѱ壬һ
ڴεʱ򣬾дֲļХһööڵӸߵض˵ĳǱУ׼ȷ
䣬һܼڻ𣬰ȫסЩڹ¾ݵеؾսʿã廤סˣؾսʿ󲿷ֱҵڻըˡһڻ𸲸ǣִҲؾսʿڷ


1068 Ұʹ÷
ʱҲ۾ҡֱϣŸߵض˵ĳǱͷɹȥؾҫ֮ǿǳ˴ˣÿһεսƵģڴԹʮʧģˡ
ȥôսʿоԼѴ̣ʱԼϣѵҪֹؾսʿô
ȻҡֱϵʱۿҪӽǱһϤȻѡ
оԼΪڼٵµأоԼķɬޱȣƲסԼˡ
ֻһֿܣǾǸߵɽܹѹΪȼϡĲϣ̹壬ֱܰߵΪֱӽܵ͵Ĳΰ
ͨڿƲסԼΣӿкݺݵ䵽ϡǿŸߵضǰУȴԼһء
ʱɽֻգߵսʿеǣѾȥˣѵǻҪȱ°ѵ˸ɵȥʹɨսô
Ҫеؾսʿ߸оеߺ
ǣһ尡սһȣؾ󲿶Ӿͳ
죬ͷʱв쳣ԼǱؾսʿõĶȥ
ǣѾ޷ֹؾĶˡĳ棬Ȼɳľ޴ĳͲһܹ⡣
ڣƵҲֻһ·ˣǾǸϿƻеһУǸߵض˵ĳǱؾжٻҲ޷ܳǱڻˡ
Ŷ˵ĳǱаɵľ룬·ƽʱڣգ۵ʱܹǰ
ȴǱΪʵΪ㣬ͳǿ˫ãûһҪž޴ѹƺһҪķѵȫһ
һУӰǽǰĿүϤ
Ҫľƴؾ󲿶ˣȵǵ˳ǿ޷ڻǸʱ֪ıأ
үĿЦȾڳÿһˡҫ֮ǺҹӼԨ۹棬ûи˵һ仰ǿү˵ɫͷ
쿴ΣҲ̲סҲſүЦ
ϲүϲүСӲ֪ߵغ񣬽ڳԵͷˣҹ˵⻰һйά֮⣬һ棬ģеʱһɨգ
ԶԨ۹˱ӵһڿҹƨԼҲ󣬸ϽеүСϺףƲʲô˵ġҲؽүӢ쵼£¹⸴ǵġ
ò˵Ҫˣ˵ʲôУԶĲ֧ɽݿܽɵĶ飬ûٸϺȣһĶѶζҡľʿڳ޲޵
ֻΪҶ֪һ²࣬Ĳؾǻ˴󻼣ԣԶһǰԼӪС
ǣֻǱϵѣ˭֪һ꣬ԶͻĨһ˦˼ҶԶڰ׿ˮȲϡ
ԶһάȴûɵʮΡ
ү뵽ڻ֮ʣЦһģұСڵòᣬ̶ˣҲ˲٣ǰɵǾҪʲôʲô
лү䣡ҹԸ⻰̺ˣӵеҸոʧȥʲôܱŵǶأ
ǱȽЩ˵ģоЩһһȺûͷˣϣǲ˳ϹϵġɿүҪǣȻҲͲ˵ʲô
үǱǲǳߵغˣֱӰؾɵǸô⣬ʵڲ뿴ҹһ˵
үЦ㻹˵㡣ǲôϰΪʲôΪô㿴ǱˣһڳԵǴش뷨ûǣҫ֮ôҲվǻҪ
˵үɫ쳣أֻҪǲ֣κηЧġȵƣǾսսԷǾԲıġ
ˣͷһݣϽ¡үɫԻְĿŵڸߵؼѰϡ
ʱȻ˼˷ĸоϵĺˮҲһû뵽ĲûôĿֲǿȻо˳
ڴʱ³ؾղŵĵط嵽ǰؾսʿϱǿסˡ
ǿؾսʿܹվһǰŲЩ΢һؾսʿϵڵأôҲվ
󺧣ϽеǸϽվɲܹµĵط˵ڻܶûطܰ죬죬ǰ壬ԽǵڻԽӲֻҪܵڻ𸲸ǵǣǾʤˣ
˵ƾؾսʿôŬȻվҪӿŲģȻǳ岻˵ͨؾսʿˣԼҲܲ
ͷһĵڷˡۿǱаʮɵľ룬룬ǲԽĸɽһʱڣ޷嵽ǰġ
ͨͨͨһƵڻܼڻеĻȳһǵһҵıըͷʱڻ𸲸ǹĵطûһܹվؾսʿ
ҲѪУ廹ܶ˵컹ţսɹչҪսվζʧˡ
ˮģ۾һȺĹֵܸһʱеĵȫ£ָоǾһʹ
иֳһĨҰӴָͳһ𳬼ڣ
ĳڣͨڲСѳڿ˼ϡ
ڰʮɵľϣ翸ųڣͲκε׼װãֻҪ۾һ¾ˡ
Ŀ꣬ݺݴ˳ڵķװã
ʮ̫ӳڵڿһ·˺ѿռľ޴ըռӿ
޴ĺƵϣͬںݺˤ䵽ϡ
һܹϹ۾⣬˲ִﵽ˳Ǳ֮ϡ
¡¡ĳǱ޷ֱӵУ˼죬һĢƸ𣬵ȵɢʱôͲһǱͷ·˼һʧˣ
ڳǱʧһ˲䣬еһȫָˡǿʧˣܹѹΪֵҲˣһԾ𣬴Ҵؾɱ˸ߵضˡ
££챧ס޵ϡﻩġԱߵؾսʿҲ£˭֪Ϊе˲ŻʹƵֶεġ
ۼ˫Ŀգκ˶ޱȣ˭̲סᡣ


1069 ҫʥ
ҡ£۾
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־ϲһᣬȻž⣬ɿӾ޴󰭣ɵϲ֡
ϲԱӣǣ䣬ʥˣ
һɤӣʮؾսʿʹһ̧ͷΡΡվ⡣
еؾսʿȫ򵹣ʥˣ꣡
ߵϵˣͬɽµ½½費ȷߵϷʲô飬͸Ͻеؾսʿһɱ˸ߵضˡ
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½迴죬ʾȰȰһһ̯֣ʾԼûȰˡ
ۼ첻˵½ӲͷƤ˵£ܵش½Ҳʧأǲǡ
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½ȥ׼ѽţĴбͫuB֮ȫ˹
Щѣû˿˵ԼϵռַǳӦ׼ûаաʱ뼸λѳ
Цֵܣʲôһȥôҹ˭˭ģ۸Ǿġֲˣֳộ⴫ȥӰɲð
֪һûŵģǾǹģôٲκϣ²⼸֣ĺΪһ
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⻰һţһʱʵҿĿõģڳĶ޳ƾУ֪ʵ϶ҪֳĻҪ
һ޵еĴڣȻԶôɵֻ˵ָӵĿֲ
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ţӪһܺõķΧӲˡ
һ۱˵λʱһҪǰæһǧסˣһ¾ܣǧ־Ҫ뵽˾Уļƻȫˡ磬һҪмǰ
⣬⡭ʲô˼ֵܣˣѵҾǸôôЩ˵
û˵ļһҲЦм߹Ѻϣߴʤм䣬ûһܹҵġ
˵꣬Ȼҡ˳ȥ
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үһ˿ޱ׺ݼ翸ڰѸߵϵĳǱʣʱ˵ıȫˡ
ΣүŴ˿µĳĬ
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үѾ׼ˡҫʥΧѾȫķԸ׼ˡǧСش
Ǿͺãǧ죬壬ǵʱ򣬶ôŵôүɭɭʵ
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ү۾ָôӷ֣ܺã˵ȥĻܹҪֵġһҪסΪʵĿ꣬ûʲôǲģ
˵꣬ү˫ĿȻź⣬ɨÿһˡ
ǧ˵Ǹǣûʲôı顣ҹͲͬˣһ϶ʱֳɥӣү˼ǧ˶˵Լˡϣ͵˵˭ȥ˭͵ȥˡ
תʮؾʮţ˸ߵأҫ֮ǵ󸹵ؽ
ʮľӷֳ֣мʮţ½ԴĶʮؾսʿ
Ǿ˼ǵġȻսǿѵصľӱսǺܲġ
ǸɻʮĲӣһƹؾͻ뵽ΧľأǷǳΣյġ
ԣؾЧԤ֡
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ӹ棬Ӱүǧˣɵ˰֮ϣңš
ߵһ졣ʱҾɱǸʲôĳܳһʱ䣬ΪǸȻζɱû뵽֮ĶԾĲ׳
ȻźԶүͬϸߵÿһ֣شÿһ˵Ķ
ˬЦү˵㿪ʼǶҵӣ˵Ƕ½ӡֻҪʵûʲô°ڲƽġʵڸһĶ⣬ÿһǿȨǰǲġȻֵЩ⣡
ʾʣүЦôĻҶŷһˡ֮䣬ҲҪͨʵ˵ôҵĽ£Ǽ֤ҫҫʥҪ֪ҫʥǰģһǾ춯ص
ҫʥͻһ£ΪѾ쵽үµҫʥĳĸоѵҫʥʲôĵطô


1070 ǻʥ
үһı飬֪ҫʥ˼ɵ˼
ͦʶ֪ʶ֪֪ҫʥŷͬѰáûȤҫʥôһ£
үĻջζЦıУǷֿôǺޱȼթζ
ߣҲ˶ϵӡĳѧǳȷʵûҫʥ㵹˵˵ҫʥǶͷ˵˻ᱻŵøϽ֮ززء
̴ڿ࣬Ҳе֪ҫʥ˼
үݸһЦתͷǧ˵˵ɡ
ǧǰһȻ˵ҫʥ崦֮˵ã֮ˣĪǱѺ⵽ﴦѸ磬ʾ߾ûк³ö֮ͱչʾҫĵطķܣס֮ˣҪѺ⵽
˵ǧδЩɫԲػķӢһ˳飬ڱüһʣö֮ͱΪҫʥҫͬʱҲŴ֮˵ǰ
Ȼǧ죬˵ˣһãȻŪôòȻʲôҫʥһﻥവС˶ѡҲ룬װã䵽Уǵսɣ
ǧǰĻҪŭĲ²⣬Ŀɿڴֿү¶ŵɫ
үʾǧվԼǳЦҾ˵ôʲôܹùķۣ
˵꣬үкâһ˵˵Ҳ˵ˣ֪ҲˣҶڴ죬ȻһˣǲǸһԶ˶أ
ȼս⣬ЦãӦһ˶ˣ½ţǴ챾еĵȫɾֻҪǵˣһ
½ͽţ׷׳Լս߸ķһָ󺰣ɱƬײ

ؾսʿŷһŭǰŵսʿϰеľеСһŵսʿǰŵֵܱܳһξҲС
һӶӵʿٶȲϼӿ죬ľ纣Хһ
үɭɭһЦǧʹһɫ
ǧͷϰؿڵ½˺ʱǧĳâ
ٶһôҲû뵽ǧһâ֣ܿǧâԼǶҫʥͷųȥġ
ҫʥâ䵽ʱ˺¡¡Ĳһʱ䣬ҫʥҲ·ϾҪһ㡣
Ȼ䣬ҫʥзɳһŨڵЩ̼ȫʿһɢͼһʿϷ·ǱīȾһ㣬ͨ巢ڣɫҲīɫ
Ψһͬģʿ˫ۣʿ۾ǵѪһ
໣
ʿ֮һ˻һǼʳһؾ
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մȾʿŰ֮ʢֻɱ¾ؾսʿȡĹʽǲƵĴ򷨡
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ֻҪǱ˵Ҫܵ˶ϱ۶ȵ˺֮ķԶû֮ǰҪ
оĴмңһƣ֪ȥĻؾ˵սӦһһı
Ҳ˵ЩʿԼʮؾսʿʮţҲ඼Ҫᣡ
ҪģؾΪ͵˵ı£ؾûԤӣѾɱһ𣬸ûиıսκαͨˡ
קͨԵԿүЦѾˣǻŸʲô
ǵ˵ôҫ֮ǣǿǲκεĹأǸҪһԸˣ׼ôүһ߿Цһ߸ǧ켸ʹһơ
ǧȫɫƳ
ţ˫趯ͨԵүһ貵ĵâƥһүնȥ
СҲó׳󣿡үЦţȻͽЩâ
âڿүз֮үһ󣬶ʱ˵ʣɢڰյС
һͨԵһģʱնֱүĲնȥ
ŵ飬үҴ⣬ۼ鼫նүζΣŵĹǰǧһȭ
ǧֵһһҽмлҪԺ䡣
Уǧ˰ʱȻһתһ͵˻ǰ
ǧ켸˴󺧣ϴαˣҲָԭİ˳ɹҪĶԻ岻һʩչɱ֣죡
뵽ǧ֣ĺ󱳾һȭΧκԵĲԣҪ˺壬Ͼ˵˵ĹҪǻͷ˵Ĺǻ֮ΧҲͽˡ
ǧ˸ǣĹУǧԼȻһ壬Ӱֱֱϳ
΢һΣ㱼ҫʥ
ãСӵĿҫʥǧ󾪣˲ҫʥǱùĵģΪҫʥǧĶ
˴ν磬ү˶Я˴챦ЩǸԵǼѹ׵Ķ˵ɱǵһҪ񣬿ɰѼˣ˭Ҳΰ
ǧ췢ͼ֮ҪҲˡգۼͷɵҫʥǰŷеŭһȫݺһȭҫʥ
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Ƿһ˿Цݣбһǧ죺ô
ǧͫ׶ȻΪѪɫ״̬ǧʵ̫Ϥˡ
㣬ҪʲôҪǻҫʥҾ͡
شǧΣԶŵģױȵǿһС
Ѫ
ŭȣһֲڿоһУֲڸס˵ӽɱһ˻


1071 ʼ
һѪƮҫʥѪ굱УһֲͷࣵһɳųƵĺֱҫʥ
Ű׹âɵͷײҫʥͼŰ׵ĹâȻɽһûҫʥУҫʥȻΡȻ
Ҳˣôľҫʥûа취ôǧ쿴ҫʥֿͦʼЦˡ
ɨһǧ죬û˵ȴǰ۾˿ү
鼸նϿռ˭ҪСӦԡүٶչ˼£ֻ׸ײ
ȻүĴָͳһںĶԼһסʱү־ͺǻһףүȻһ־ץȥ
󺧣ʦ֪үΪʲôôүϵ۹ƣ֪ǶƵĶƷ
ĶƷǲκε˺ģүƷпղſץâһץ飬޷飬Ҳܸɼ˺
뵽ϽٿŵصԼߣջصͨԵ֮ڡ
ģүûй׷ϣͣԭأһֻĪЦݿ
㻹ǰҫʥˣôүζ˵
û˵ǧͬҧһһʲôүҫʥȻȻˣǧ컳ԼǲˣҫʥȥɻǺúõİ
үĿûǧ죬ȴʾ⣬ǧ쿴档
ǧͷһϵīɫ𽥵ļˣ˫еѪ֮ɫҲˡһ۾ܿʿıŰ֮һ
ǧ۵ĲЩʿЩ˾Ƕ˹ʲô£ǧ۵ҫʥʿı仯˵ҫʥ˴⣬޷ʿṩЧİˡ
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үһסǧ죬ǧ죬ôô³çҪĿʲôˣΪĿ꣬ϧѵں֮ô
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һӣҵǶǻȨϵĻšΪһĿ꣬һǣҪϧȥȻ˫Ŀзų˺Ȼɡ
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˵һоͶˡүǳɵУͼ⣬һв׺ÿү
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Ҳ˵ܹȽ뵽һʱڣԼļƻǳ
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һ񺮣үԼоʮ͸ҫʥʿؾصʱԼ֡ҫʥЩ࣬ǲеġ
ԷԿԼĵ̣Ƶ޷죬үǹһҫʥһԼһʮȡ
ΪĿģֶΣԼƤգһµģΪ쾭壬ΪԼͼóѶʵ̫ˡ
үϾȻ˼˿ϧɫǸﾺ硣ڶˣµľͲǵĸܡˣͻḶۣΪΥ˸λַ򡣿ϧҲˡ
˵ţүһ֣ȻӴָͳ˷ӳȥ
ʱоΧĿռ΢΢һĿռʱɬĸо
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ȣǸ˲ţʲô۾Ѿҫ֮ǰΧĿռ䶼ˣ˿Խҫ֮ˣûǵƽ֮ǾԳȥġղֻ֮սŸոտʼ
ͨԵǰЦãȻҪսǱսɣ
˵ţȿү˶֣ԼǳǰȥͨԵ˼һâ˿ȥԼһȭ˿ү
ãе罫֮˾ȻȷѣʶҪǲһ£Բĵˣ
ү˵ţһ̧֣ݺݶһȭ
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ͿүȭͷһԣʱڶȭһһռѷһѸӿֻ֮ҪʵʱΪ촷ۣ
һľ룬үľ롣
ʱǧ춼˵âۼүȭԿΧԳȭһ
Ȼǧ˵ĹĽӹڰУһŤֱ֮Ļ˹
үȵǧȥ壬һ𹥻
һǧȥԮ壬үһһңй
Ȼطת壬嶸Ȼү˹һƵſүĵϮ
үԳЦ׵ץȥȻ쳣ڿүֱ̧𣬸ոԼץʱڿһ򣬱ſү˫նȥ
ʱ򣬿үץѾˣæ֮пүֻܻζΣƶ
ڶʱڰѿүסˣһתѹķת
ȭãչ˱һĹ֪ƾԼʵ޷Կģ¿үסǧڻǱߣԼҪһֹж
ȻصĿֲܹԼ˵ġ


1072 ΧͷϮ
֪ԱԼʵߵĸʱһζɻ顣ۿٵĵȭѡ˱ܿͨԵȭʱ򣬷ֱϣҪܾˡ
ƴҪǱˣܹöԷҲһ£ʹ·̬õػ
ö˷ȴѡˡ־ʱǿͻƿڵġôõ岻ã˵ֱǱ
䣡
һȭҵؿϣ͸оԼȭͷһԷΪ෴İԼȭͷۣ
һȭҲϢҵļϡʱоԼļ·ҪԼ峹һʹ̼졣
һȭһӷ˳ȥͣȥ׷
ƴ壬ƴү֮Աһ񣬵龹ȻѿүһӸն䡣
үϽע⵶Ĺǧ죬ȥԵһ£
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ɫĹâû˿ƿȴǴиоһ޼᲻ݵƣӲϽ
͵ۿʱǧУ֪ʲôʱһѽĶ̽
̽Ĺ⻪İӣĿģ˲ֱӵĹʣȻƣȴܹܵһ͸ϵ˸о
ջ˵飬ͨԵҲŻ˴ָȴǴӴָ͵͵óһЩ󷨻ʯ
үյԼٶȷӵ˼£оͼү·ûӰչͰ˵׷
ϵٶ͵Ϯүˡϵľϳ˷תүһߣĲΧ¡
عԮǧ죬ҰһȥȴңңүǱϡ
Ƕ˶Ը˵ѷҲνȺսֱӽŶϵƣȡΧɧĶԷ;İ취Ѷĥ־ӶﵽԼĿġ
үΧ£һͻΧбͼᱻһ˲ס˶ȦӷĽ·ߣ͵˰ںƣסҪȥͱҪ˵İΧȦɱ
ٵǣ۳ǸͻΧһ赲Ӳй
ʱͻҲԶΧ£Ҫ뵽ΧȦС
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ȻһӰһ㳯ķȥүȵֵһ£ͻֻҪסС
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үüͷӡеྶͥԷֱ֣һͻᱻϮŵƣ¡ѵôһ˲侹Ȼôô
ѵʲôè壿ү𣬻Ÿղŵ顣תԼ壬ΪʲôأԿү˽⣬Ե޹ùǹʲ飬Ҳ
һ֮ͻõķֱ𰡣˭ʱԼЦ
ڿүϸĥʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬үоԶһ΢Ŀռ䲨
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Ǽתܵʱ򣬿ү߶Ƚţû뵽Ƥ¸۷
ү˿׷ʱеʮִڿү֮ȥȻĿ˸ԮĻǰ
ܵٶʵ̫죬үȥ׷ϵʱ˿ûע⵽ͻ֮ľѾĺԶˡ
һ˿ռ䲨ʵϾ˺󷨵ʱġȿүһУѾʼˡ
үеСģӣϹǧǱ£ǱߵӦķϿ
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Żʮգ۵ʱ䣬ͱʮ貵ĵâڵ壬ǾܲĴæ֮Уʶֱˡ
Ǳģۼ֣ȻȻҪ赲
û뵽ǣĿ겻ǻ壬Ƶģ
ʮ˻壬Ȼһתӭͳʲôʽǿ忸鼸죬ȭȫϡ
ЩȭȻоһ˿ʹͨ⼸ȭ弸Ķ塣
Ÿо²Ҫȴˡһѱסӿкݺȥһһ˼ӲʯС
ү󺧣ӿһҪԮ
ţ
ϣҶȵðˡ˷ܵζʹˡ
ڸսУĴбB֮ͻͫuȫУ򲻿¶ʵ͵ΣʱһɤӺóﵽ䲻Ч
ǲ´仯ôҲ񫡣ۿڿиү˶ĽҪɷӦСеûݡ
кһһΣóɱ壬ŤŰɳӭſүͳȥ
û뵽үɣҸֵܴܣǾûţ˵ţԿүһ磬һŹЮŨŨ̵ĻѸүȥ
үû뵽·ϻɱôһλעϣ˵ȵӴһŻѾˡүոڼ۸ĹзһƯĽڶͬʱ̧һ˹ȥ
Ѱ˼ôͷôԼ֮ȽһܵĲһɶ


1073 ĵ
үһϢ͹ˣʱоԼǶߵķһӴһɳضûС
ڱƤ񣬿үһȻƴҲñоʹ嵹ûд󰭡
ҲȻôֵǣֵĶͷˣһϰ
Ԥƻ˭˭ڿүԿˣҲסˣָоԼ϶Ǵ򲻹ү͸Ͻֵæ
𿴱ԼզأֵܴǿǾһ
ǺһУB֮ͫuĴ׷ڿն𣬸¶Ŀצֱүɱȥ
үؿëˣû뵽Ȼô֡ЩлʲôؼǿүûʱЩ޾һˤȥΪ֮ġһʱ䣬¾ͻⶾְ
ǵˣΪѿүһˡµĸ޶Ǿļƻģڿɺãеȫ¶ˡ
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һȫʹý̴ļɸԷսһޱǿƾֳˡ
ϣǾʹϣ˽ǵ˺
顭
ͬоåһһȭҴһȭѪȴǲѵѪһһ硣

үһУɵŭ𣬴Ӵָͳһһӣһ
һͬһĶڿбѣǧǧӣžžž˷䡣
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޶ᵽζţʾﻹǰ׷˺󣬿үŵ˿ӣȥ
ţһȣţһźںĶż۷µĿү
ǰһϢˤ˿үүϽֱסһ˲䣬ӵϱ嵽˿үǰ
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죬ס벽ԪӤӣϣѾ˼µĵزҲԼĵƴ˳
Ĳã벽ԪӤͬǻ켣ؾУ¶ʵȵҪʱ
һӰ벽ԪӤӴؾг𣬵ƽյѵյĹУ԰˵Ķ齨ưڳԪһ
ϷΪ˲סȡȫǽĴ򷨣ҪѶѲˣֻøսһ
İ벽ԪӤӣһӵסǧ죬һӵס˻壬հԪһĹɶ˽й
үǳǱţ˵Ѿ쵽ƨĵزɵ˺ҲСǵѪһҪȸɵ
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˷Ĵ򷨣үҲࡣͬʱүҲе֣ԼԮôأ
ȿү͵һԱսÿүһסһʱѷʤǧͻ벽ԪӤڵĸֲԷ൱ǧǱȻռϷ磬Ҫͻ˲µ󷨣һʱġ
ڿүһʱȭȻѹˣֱүˡү֪ȭζģܵʱķָˣȥˡ
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ѵ죬ȭ£̱һţû˹ͷһ

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ҲýȣƴŰȭһֵǰһġ
ҪӲӣȴȻоһĪΣָоеĶһ޶ĸоʶүһ²ջغȥȭб˳ȥ
ܳȥʱ򣬿үϷ⣬ǿˡıԵǱүеĺɨһ¡
ʱ͸оԼǱһһүɨеĵطۡ
һ˳ʮԶͣſү˵֮
үûȴǴӴָͳһҩι¡ʱ䣬Ȼ°Ͱֱ죬̥һ㣬Ӳͦ
ң԰׵ϸֳһɺεɫһͻصɫ
үŰתʵҲıԣǴ⣬˼ɲ֣˵׼汻ˡĵ̲ܹġƾʵıսʤӵе޾̵ġ
˵䣬Ѿվɫ̬һҲһղеһУ·ʲôûǸ
ҫ֮սѾ˰Ȼƾʵоļƻү˶񶷡үҲƾŲĴĶһδλΣ˫ǰԼѹ׵Ķóˣ˭ʤ˭ĲԤϡ
һңԶƫƧĻɽһӵСԺͻأռ˻ɽĴߡ
ڻɽ˵ǽءΪСԺı㸲סκνӽޣо̹ǵĺ⡣⻹µģµǣ̹ǵĺɢһֱɱøо쳣Ƿ׷ױá
ö֮ͳ˻ɽ˭Ҳҿĵط
ҫ֮УĶãҫʥı½о˵һССԺͬҲ⣬ҲܵеĲ
ڸок󣬸СԺϵı㿪ʼڻªСԺʼ¶䱾ӵĿ
һڻΧԺ䣬ٵ䣬һεıϡ


1074 
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һڱˮ۾
ҫ֮ǵķѵĿʼô㲻ʧɣ
˵꣬͵ط廯һ⣬ֱҫ֮ǵķɹ
ҫ֮УµһϵսյЧѿү˸ָ䣬ΪսЩսһЩơ
Եľһ벽ԪӤӶԻսţùؼ汸İԪһȿס˾棬һѹס˼ڰԪһǰԵЩġ
Ͼֻԭ߳ɵĹԪһƵǶԸʮɹ罵֮ˡ
ǧǱߣ벽ԪӤԳǧͻҳ֮£Ԫһ
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ү¶˽ЦݣĻ޴ӷģΪүȷʵǰѳϵľȫ͸ˡ
ĵƶѾڵϣүأкܶĵơ
ʱҪ̾֡еʱˣҲסעУĪǿо춯صı£񲻲ıһж޷ı
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˵үǶľžԵİա
УҪϿ춯֣үЩϲġ
뵽ȵȥæԸ壡ͫuͱB֮Ըǧ죬ĴһϿնɱ
һޱɢӣ㵽棬һϾͳ𣬸Լ뵽ָսС
Ӱģǻһսš屾ڰԪһ󹥻֮¿֧ţ޵֮ս֮󣬻ʱ
ǻļһ֪ԼƻԪһԣѡڻͷϻǽ͵Ϯÿ͵Ϯ֮ǴСУڿ̣ϣϣ塣
ǧǸսţΪлͫuͱB֮ļ룬ʱס˾档һȻ󷨣ȴǿԶǧʵʩԶ̹
B֮һӾһƽǧ죬ͫu깥ǧϹ£Ҳ䵽·硣
յҪսţ˱Ͳ£ΪңĴ̶ת
֪ĴЩ˵ʵԶԾ͸ϸսʽá
ȺսǿүõģҲá嵽սУĴɢ沼Ϻȸ̶籪ǽţߺħ
սȸ̶籪ĲʵʩоĹȸӹ沿̶籪ǵÿվʹǰôй̵Ĵβ͹̡
ţߺħǰΪҪʱ䲻һĺ󱳡
еһжһԭǾǴһ¾ܣǾԲϣЩһﷴתսֻ֣ҪܹһЩǣƵþ㹻ˡ
үȻһУǰûйϵһ
ޣߵȼޣ㻹ڣŪİӣռϷ磬Ѳҡ
үٺЦţӴָָһë
ëͨ尵ɫëĲϷȴһڵ㡣ڵڷ͸һɹζͺҹеһֻ۾һֲĸо
Ȼëϸоһ޵еĸоָоڵѪҺȻ΢΢ڵĸо޲ϰë֣Ȼ˺ĩһ㡣
үıʮ⣬ЦȻëƮƮһڰߵİɫëҡֱϣڰеתүȴǲܲˣҪսš
עڰɫëϣһүƶϷסȥ·ĶңǶҲȥ
үϸֳζôҪǲأ
˵ţүһãӿүзɳЩϽΧסӦȴЩ㽫ζԭأ˿á
ǵþԴôںҫȺɽľԴǰǿӿˡڣҲ֪һ±סʲôζÿһһΧռĽڵ㣬ľԴ֮ͬúܰɣ
󺧣֪үԷ飬ޱȣȴǷǳЧҪҪһڵƣû˺ģҪʱ䣬ҪĶ
ֵܣôע⵽үӾǶһϽʵ
û£磬Ͻסүҵʱ䣬ϾͻȥԮǡ
˵ţȭһ˹ȥһ죬ʱ࣬ǲΡΡζⶫҲ湻ʵģȭȻûһӺ顣
䣡
ǼˣһȭҡҷϨˡоԼܹԻˣΧʮ㣬ҪƵҪӱŬ
ôżرھԴУҵһһġӦһ˵еġ
⣬үѾ쵽˻սŵԱߣȴûż֣תͷ٩ˡ
ɵһүԲɧĴڡ֣ζиİܹŤתǰľơ
뵽ݻȭһȭȭ㡣
ʱϵǸɫëȻ⻪ʢһõӰ񽥽ֳ
ˣǽţȵõӰȫֳһ˸ֵӰʲô
˲ˣΪʲôԼǸëѪҺлôķӦ


1075 үϮ
Ҫ֪ѪпһѪУһе޵УǹһĴڣе޶Ҫһǰ
⣬УΪļʵǿĴڶһ岢ðȻǶһ岻̫ðޣҲԸһΪС
ֻһһУǾһ塣
˵һ壬һ廹Ҫع졣һѪ͹ϡˣһѪ͸Ϊϡ٣ѪеϿ̶ȣֱ˷ָݣðѵһǵϡȱ
һһ嶼ϵĴڣֻһۻĻϣֻҪðһĳԱ˼Ҳƽϡ
һͲôˡֻҪǱһĳԱ㿴Ǿֱɵ
һ廹иϰߣÿµԱʱһͻɱ¾øȺѪǱ̵³Աʳ
˵Էɿһ³Աʵ³Աĳɳ
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һõϢصĿǣһ̸УҪȰǲҪ˭֪ȺӦų񻰣ҪһҲҪʳ
ⷬ񻰿ǳ׼ŭһ壬һĳԱһ巢ս˫һĴѪƴһ屻ò֪٣һҲԪˣ߶˴˵еĴڡ
һ˵Ϊһ屻ˣû뵽ҫ֮֮УȻĳ
˵һëֵһֻ󣬿ɻӵеԴѪϵѹսе޶оһԴĲ
Ȼ䣬˻һչ˫ᣬ໵һ
аڣϵϵţȫŵûͷлججһʱ䲻֪롣
˫չͷһͣõԴȻֳһ˫ɫ۾
˫۾·ħб۾ɨޣȫȫһҲˡ
еĴB֮ͫuȫƲסԼ壬׷׵ڵϡ
Ψбܼһ£˻ݺ˿ڿˮޣë񣬿۾Żסӣ㣬ҿõĻҪȻӷǰëιȻ˿̳㣡Ӵ
ǷҪ۵ģͼ˵˫۶Ȼ⣬ϣʱоԼȫ·У걻˿ĸоñûϢҽС
˰ɣİֲһ˵˵Ļڣ˭ܹأ
˵ţүָζָսΪǱһ顣ʵѷ죬ټĴİѾ켸Ƶ˾
ȻĴ䣬ѾռжɱУۿ֧Ųסˡ
Ȼүָսһָʱ˻Ǳһת˫Ŀٴα⣬һӴϡپһɲǼʧȥ˿һ㡣
Ŭָ˶ĿƣȴץסǧѷĻᣬؿھһȭ
顭
ִ֮¸޷ӦʮȭУ۵һһѪӰһͷ䡣

һƵĺ·ԽԶźһ㣬͸ϵϣеޱǻһ𣬾ͷ·Լ߹˲еȫѪڣ׷վſС
֪ѾϧԼˡôȥǵĽһ
·Ű׵ĹâһѾеް˶еη壬ͬʱһҲ˻ע
޵У߼עֻܴһĽ֣κ޷ı
һŭŰ׵Ĺâʢۡ
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Щ㣬ҲŰ׹âǿ·׷ױ飬һ㸡⽥ʧ
˻һҲòᣬȻûʶȴǰһѪˣûʤ㣡
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˻Ȼ仯һٺɫĻ棬˵״ٿأŷ״Ļһ˹
Сģ˵ı棬ǧմãţ
ߣ˵ıͶ㿪ҲͲһѪĴˣɣ׺棡
ɲǼ䣬ĿռھҵҡΣٺɫĻһǣǧŰ׵֮â麣һ㣬˻š
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ཻͺһ㣬ٺɫĻʱ飬ⶼŰ׵֮âϨ˻󳹵ʧֻһɽëζ

еԱźǱܵ¾źһʱ䣬Ѫڣ˲ıźɱĴͱB֮лͫuѪһ׷׷ϰգԿүŭĿӡ
Ǻǣû뵽˻Ҳôһүû˿ľɥ赭д˵ֶһɣⳡԾ׾֮ĶԾ㻹ֶܼأ
һݣ֪үȷʵץסĹؼڿүж౻ǾʤĹؼ罵֮˺֮ĶԾ
ڣѾζõˣѾоһɴδйľ⣬ԷֶΣȴûõĵơ
ƣп˲ͻᱻת
ȥ壬ǧ죬ʱʹĳˡүȻվ˿ûгֵ˼һоյ飬ȴԵð¶
ӵ˹ȥǧһ·¶ؿڣʱؿڴԪһ̼߽⣬еİ벽ԪӤӳԱ׷ײҽŴӰ½һ䵽档
ү·𿴵ʤߣɵЦʱˣ㻹ܼһߵЩɫѾûŵıҪˣ
˵ţүһһŵɫķڰɢ
󺧣еɢǻ֮
ֶмءⶫʵһֶƷһּΪģڵƶɵġ
ϼΪԵֻҪΧѹһСϾͻᱬըҵĻ棬¶ȼߣ˵ûвڻĶ
ľ棬ߵ޷׷ӱܣǵٶܹù̼ͱըɻ֮ٶأ


1076 ǿԮ
ԴҲ޲ߣϾɢĻ棬Ҳûа취
ڴʱۿŻĻһޣȻеȫоһɳǵĺ⡣
ܵУȻֳһһıЩ·ʱˣͷҲС˺ܶࡣ
B֮Ǹɵô̫ˣôɣޱȣȻܹɻôĴڣɲϣǳ¡
ֶΣȥҲǱB֮ͱܹɵó
ҡB֮ʵʵ˵
任ָſүӴôģûƨ۵ĶȻֶԸǣȻүүôʰ㣡
үкâһֶŻһơʱһɿ紵˻棬汩ǣһȥ
ż㰡Ͻıܻ
쳣үʱ򣬾Ѿ˶׼ȿүһ̧֣Ͷ㵽һȥˡ
к̲סͷʲô˵ЩǲŪġҺͱBɶûǱ£ǵıʹͱˣ˵е㶪һΪĹأԭǰӴ
Ÿ˵ˣû뵽֮ܵߣ˱һ£ɰѱ۵ҽмҷɡ
Ǳǻ˭أһʱЩɵˡڴʱ°Ͱ죬˸оΧĿռܵ˼ѹֲһ
ԽԽ࣬󣬾Ȼһǽڱǽ£֮Ȼ岻ǽ
ʲôˣүȵ˭ﵷңҳ
ǽһϤĸоȻ䣬ǽʲô
һӰһ㸡֣һһʤѩ˳˵ǰ
ô㣿оЩ˼飬ôأ
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һʣ֪ôشˡΣ֮ʳֵˣĪĸжˣǼƹ˲٣ʱѸм֮֪ô˵ЩмͿ֮Ļ
ʲôˣ֣ҫ֮ǣκﶼΪΪǿͷԼҪ֪Ҫɱ֮ˡ㲻Ҫ˻ˮ
ү˵ͦˮƽͰȫˡò˵үͻأֵıǺܼɵģڿүѾȡһƣǿĻƿ»벻ı
Ƥû̧һ˵ҲëͷСˣô˵ЩûõĻأҼȻǾҪܹ顣֮ΪΪѵİ統ô
үһ֪Ҫˡе벻ףΪҲӦǲģѵҪ³
̧ͷգ˵ǵĿѵɱôôϷˡ㲻ɱңҲܻ٣ѵҪҰѻ˵øֱô
үжȻâһ˵һЩܴĻ⣬ȻǾһʰ˰ɡ
绹вģȻҾͳȫǣȫɣ
˵꣬ү˫һһľ紵˻֮ʱ籬ըһ㱩ǣµıǽҲ˲仯ΪС
˫ĿԲŭ˫裬ڻԼ֮䣬һһıܣڱ֮䣬Ҳбǽ¡֮ȻͣҲʱס
ңȥԼ飡һ߲÷һŭ
֪صıħ֯ϴı죬һΪĪ⡣Ȼ֪Ϳү˭֮ӦܹԸһ֮ˡ
뵽ǧǱߣǧѾһ벽ԪӤӸսˣȥԮ壬вҪ
үôҲû뵽ͻȻı仯ԼֻҪƻ֮赲סһޣͿǧưǵĶһһڱͻȻ֣Ȼųˡ
ǲܷųȥԸǧǰоԵֶζǧ˺
뵽үҪȥ
ЦߣûôףĶңȰҽˣȥԸֵܰɡ
˵꣬˫ճһһ󣬳ǧıǵүȥ
ҿ뺷ӦүӣĴ磬ҲæģԺҪú߶߶һļҲǱϵģǸСBҲǱϵܵޡǶͬУֶʶֵܣ˽죬ǿɶǸˡ
죬һôţֵֹܣύ֮⣬һæһ߱˽֮⡣
û뵽ʶĴоȻôһλΣ֮иǺõġԴǣͳűűЦݵͷ
ԵְǱǱǸǱB֮ǸԵǧᰡСB۸һǸտ׵ģҾͲˣƾʰһ
B֮ڱ˵ֺûޣһһϹܻ𳵣ռ˶Ա쾭ġļһȴǺܹ㻹ܲġ
ȵбֵļһյһ𣬻֮Ҳûˣһǿѹ£֮ٿϨһͿ޼ɵүˡ
үʵսǽĴڣϿүϵ챦·硣
Ա˵үѹƵʵġɿүżȥԮԼͬ飬û˼ȫԸ
ûڿðϴˡ
Ĵǹȥ죬¼սšͫuҲţ׸ơôģһȺСҲQҲ˭ĵֵ̣ŵĵ̣Ҳ˸ң
𿴱ʵЩһǿ˶٣Ǳǲ©֮гĴϳȥ鿴״ͫu߸߷ڰˡ
Żͫuĸɱϵս·˲ͫuĸ·˴һгûκεķյ磬һʱ䣬˶һַ±뷨
ү󾪣û뵽֮УȻôܵޣ
깥ҿðԪӰ쵽ˣү˵ţԼӴָͳһԪ¡
ǧ켸Ҳĵҩ˿үʾҲϽ׷׷ֵҩ


1077 ֶ
Ԫһ£үϾʹɢһɵԪŰ̱ԪЧϾͶԻͫu깥ˡ
ͣͣͣôˣѾˣٳɾ˵Լˡ˵˵Ҳܱôġ
ͫuһۣȥһ졣Ļû깥Կүãֻͣ
ôѶԸҾͲˣ㻹ʲôֶΡ˵꣬ҪԮ𴦵Ŀү
ʵƣүڰѱǺǣΪȥ赲
ɱһΪүˣ׷ڱǲڵġֻҪܴùģһֱٲǲ
뷨ޱɧ׷ϿүүԷͷ˺ݺݴŽ绢Ž֮©
үѻ𣬺úõľ棬ͰԼͼһʤˣƫƫɱϽס㲻ñ̵Լ档
㿪ľɲǿүǣΪҪҪ
ڱ׷е̫ѿүĸоǿ̣벻̣
ѵһ֪ߵغļһΪһƵǲݰļһ
ү΢ԼٶȣȵһתԱ
ǰ໹еϴӣһүתԼ˵Ҫһ޴צӣѿүץס
ձ룬һצץסүŵһڻַʲô󹦸ˡ
ʱܷʵܹǸСצӵʱۿһצӾܰѶԷץסһ˲䣬үӰȻˡ
ţأأأûо򣬻ŤͷѰҿүټ
Ȼ䣬ȻԴһɾϮܰͷԱƶʱ򣬾͸оԼĲһɽһ¡
ʱβȣʱ˿үӰһŶԼӰ
顭
үȭߣһǼصĹ䵽ʵ͸оԼǱһ
໡һװԲһʹװҽ֮࣬ԮѾһסˣҿʰ
òǱޱȣԮĻȴƯúܡB֮ǺܺϽ׷æеЦõĸо޲ÿүһֲܲæ
үۿ޻бҲսݺһŰѱ߳ʮԶ͸Ǳߡ
ǻ͸Ԯǧսţǧâһʩչҡһ벽ԪӤʧȥս˳սɱ˻ߣٴâԸ벽ԪӤӡ
ûǰǧâͰʣµ벽ԪӤӸöжף벽ԪӤڵĸ֣âĳǰûκεķ
ʿ֮ԣүۼٿǧͻ壬ԥʹԼĳ
һأүͷųĹâûиȫרŸԼͬʿ֮ԵĹâǡ
ʱԡʿ֮Եǧˣȫǣƾմһһ㣬ÿ˵ϣƺӵµƣƺ񷾡ǵ֮С
˴Сģܣ˻ں̵ܶʱǿʮΪ屶ǧСģⶫֻǰļѹڳ֮ڣʱƵġҪӲһʱ䣡
⻰ЩˡЩ˵ĳУͷ۵ľǿүʿ֮ԣûа취Ӧڱʶ㣬һ۾ϳⶫҪȻӲӲȥҪԿ
Ҷ˺󣬿ҵģҲ˲ȥԸǧͻˣϽˣ˿ү˺Լ˵м䡣
һȣӴָͳ߸ԶŲɣʯӡһȣ߸ʯڿаһչڰյС
үźҪɱһˣǾȵķ֣ôŬôԼٶȣЩ˽ʮɵľ룬ǿǰ
ģүȻ󾪣Ȼϳ
ûĴ󣡿үϲˣû뵽ү󷨵оҲģүķˣϷʵ
үû뵽Լͷųʿ֮ܣȻܱʶƣؼǿүۼõһЩ֣벽ԪӤӽɵİԪһ춼˵ĲᣬһپʤûԷһĴ󣬾뷨ˣ
ϸ۲һүҪˡסмƫǸӣȻмƫҵǸٰմ˳ƿ
˵ͷӦǰһһؿڣȵ֮ȣ
ࣵһ죬ؿڶʱӿɫĹâЩâϲϱãһˮһʡ
ҲÿԼ½ŭȵŭ
顭
ؿڴâЩâĲٿȻ뵽ɫˮһ֪ʵС
ɲǼ䣬Űˮ״Ȼͣ·һһֱա
ڰյУһˮȻһۣͷֱĴ󷨻ʯ
үĴǺоģλòԣĴͻһų޷ӽ󷨻ʯ
ֻѡ˹򣬲ܹ󷨻ʯݻƵ
үҲϳ󷨻ʯĲʣ֪˵޷ƽģԲŻֹͬ
񱩵ɫˮգۼͺ˵һ󷨻ʯ֮ϣͼɫˮ󷨻ʯ˲ͱɫǡ
ڶ󷨻ʯϵĻƲһĹͻΪСٹƬ̣󷨻ʯʯҲڻ
Ŀɿڴͬʱޱʹ߸󷨻ʯʯһֱĸαһ㣬ڸؾװʱûаⶫóƵ
û뵽Ȼ֮ȾȻڻˣ
üͷ˵Щ鷳ˣĽȣԷһյʱܹƽ϶ҪӲ²Ƕְ
һ˵ҿԴУƴˣЩֽţһƵʱ򣬻ҵĿռ䲨˸үѰɵǾлˡ
ͷʾͬ뷨ǾͰԼϸƻˣһҪռƻ¡


1078 ɱ
ոհϣɽһıը֣ȻѾĴƽˣ
үƽĴȻǸޱȣؿûκεϰˡһʯڻĴ󸲸ǵķΧڣҵĿռ䲨Ҳûй뷨Ͼƽᾭ
ֻҪȵռ䲨ƽϢˣͿֱӳȥŰɱˡ
û뵽ǣһʯڻȳֵľȻǶԷ
бB֮λȷѣǷ׷óԼǿıܣ빥֮ȡ
ĹͬŬ£֮գۼͱһӡЩֲ˵ĳͬǣ֮Ψһ̬ڵĳ
̬ĶܹܵӰġ
ڿүЩ㵵ʱ컹Ĵͫuһӵϣȫһ˿ү
һȺѵǰķôү龰ɵһЦЩ㽵ЩһʱԼɰһɡ
ԣүﶸȻһֲõĸоԷƷɶ˻һĹôԼΣյĸоأ
ﲻأү۾Ʈתɿתŵ⡣
ȻүѣĶһˣ˲ǾսֵĹؼ˹ķ죡
ôȥˣǾԲܵģĿĻʲôأ
󷨣үɲǼýΪ׵һȺ˵ĹѡӶǴСĵ㣬󷨣ǧ𡭡
ûȿү˵꣬ͼ嶸Ȼƫ˴󲿶ӡӣɲԼҪ뿪˵Ⱥģϳ˾ɫ
壬ôˣʲôˣүҪȥʱȴǵǰһȭ˿үţţĴлͫuб嵽үͻ֮λϡ
ʮֽţ岻үϲ֪ʲôסˣҪѣȴûκεİ취
үҪɱȥǲܵˣȭүǲСģҪǽʵʵһ£䲻ҲǺܴ˺
ΪȥԮ壬үһȭӳݺݶһȭʱʮԶү˿δ
죬үȴûлû嵽ΪţĴϵ׷׶Կү֡
ĴҲƴˣţã˿үλϣһͷֻĺؼǹүȸͻͫuڿүбϷһԼүһ깥ү
̶籪ڿүй̵ĳβ͹ү䣬ߺħһζıԣֱӹסүȣҧ
Զ˷ΧĻ壬֪ԼΪʲôˣԼϲһ˿
˿ҪУȻᱻϣЩ˿˸һЩΪ͵ϣټϻʵ޷˿
ɲǼȫˣĽӽԼߣȻ˿ԼסٰԼȺϳԷҪʲôǲԶˡ
΢΢һ󲨶ȥ󷨣ŻٺЦ壬ּ˰ֻһμ棬е˼ˡ
嵱Ȼܹ⻰ﻰ˼ҪԼĽడûԼΪһ֮ˣȻϡ
жһ£ұؽʬΣǧ죬ȥȻ壡үʱ޷ֻΣԶš
ұһƣôһ˵ҵҪһɱôʬεġЦţӴָקͨԵ߸߾
âǧٶ죬գۼ͵ǰۼͨԵϽʩչԼĳ
үȻñһΪȻ뵽һ⡣Ҫɱ壬һĵģɱȻȥԸˡ
ǵҲЧķΪүЩ˾ʿ֮Ե󣬻϶һѹƵġ
ȡ͵Ϯİ취ǵģɱһǻԵЧ
ڣȻҪɱ壬ԲʾǴĿԵģۿǧȥүȻһɲԤС
ǧ죬
һжˣүδ䣬ȻͨԵһְѻץԼǰǧ˹
ǧâȫ䵽˻ϡҽм̱ǧһʶԼͬ鵲סԼĳֹͣʹâһͦĶ̽˹ȥ
һ֣޴һ˦ǧ졣ǧʶסԼͬ飬ᣬϢһȭǧж̽֡
ǧʹʱסĶ̽һѶù̽ǰһֱͣ̽ûǧ
ʱǧ;ûһĶ̽Ҳеı֮ǧپеԶԼȥһŻȥ
ٴȡͨԵһ貵ĵâӹգǧ챻âֽѪ꣡
𣡿үʹ飬һͷӿүһȭŻûһӰԼ컹ĴͳͳɣǸһ㣬
æԸһȥˣ
үһ㵣ʶĳѾסҪǶȥˣĲõֵ
ۿšüĿԼɹү뵽УҪأǸϿصߡ
˭֪Ĺʲ󡣳ſүһ㵵ʱ䣬һΣѾ˿ү
ŵǸҵסһҵʱ䣬ȸɵˣ죬һ飬һж
үӶ㱻ˣ֪ƶˣɵͷܹƭס
꣬һƫѾүԶˡүҪ׷ʱ򣬱һס˿үȥ·
үʶڵľѾǳΣˣɱˣԼߵʵܵ˺ܴĴҪٷնɱǾܵľˡ
뵽үٺЦӴָͳһӨӨƷ
ʱˣϱ񵤰ɡүУѾû˷ŭ뱯ˣնУֻ¾һе顣
񵤣˲̲ס鴤ֵҩ֪ƷġֻΪҩЧ̫Ϊ̬͸üһֱΪаҩ


1079 ¼ҹ
оֵҩҩͨҩãʹ÷ߵһʶõҩ˾ͻʶǿ󣬾ͿԼǱ
ͨ˵һܹʹӶʮϵǳֲ
ǣ񵤵ĸ÷ǳ֮ΪԲ˷ãϾ̵Ľ֡Ϊ˷ãͻΪʶ⣬Ǿң״̬
ô˵ñһԲеΪһЩ̿ͻʿΪ˴ĳĿĶϧһд۵֮⣬Ͼû˸ҷֶ
һۣӶԷ޷ˣ˴Ӵָͳ񵤣һ¡
̼䣬͸оʶǾһıǣܹܵͷųʶ˽ʵԵ
䣬Ѿɵ˶˵ĽǰҪӱܶѾˣ
һȭ˳ȥ
һת¶µ顣һ֣ӦȭݺݶԺȥ
һ죬˳ʮɣ쳤ХƺһȭǱܸһ˫ĿŹ⣬ǲϳ鴤ͺ뵽޵ķһ
ͬԵ˷쳣ҪлȴһԵס˿־į}Цһ̧֣һȭ
һȭ쫷һĺХ촭ۼ޿ɶ㣬ҲֻһȭԺȥ
ͨ
ͺǱеĸƼһһȭŤᣬɳȥмʮԶſͣ
󾪣ôҲû뵽񵤻˵ʵز
˲䣬˾ϣܸ˾ֻսپ潫޷ƣ
뵽ԼʶѹʶʶȥڵѪͲ׺涼δܹɱеһڣΨвȡʽܹﵽĿġ
ǡǡ
棬еâ֣ڵӿΧ
񱩵岻ϳ鴤ΪڿѹڵĿľѹƣͷŵʱܹﵽһ
ģоԼ嶼ҪըˣקͨԵֺݺסͨԵĵҪѹһڵ
ڣоڵͬŰҽһ㣬Ѿ޷ѹסˡ
˳ֱ۹עͨԵ֮ϣͨԵ˲˲Ұ׵ɫĿŤ߸߾ͨԵһϵصƣݺ˹ȥ
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ͬ󷢳˻һҰ׵ĹâʣΧĿռƺܵ˳Ұ׵ĵâȻϵ±һΣ
ү˫Ŀ࣬ۿֳ֣񱩵ĶɽնºȻ飬үߵ˶㣡
ԱΪ׵һĹ᳹סүͼѹûܹɵүڿүΧԼмܲһһϰ
ڿү޵ɧţɲһһıǽܡүҪЩΧҲҪЩ
֮󣬿үӴָͳһӨӨⶫ߸߾𣬾ͼӨӨĶڿүĴ߶£͵ɢһֲ
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޶ԱʮϿɣ˱ʾϽ׷״䵽档ƫƫʱٸһʲô퇲ʲô
˵ࣵһ֮ǱǽǱܣ˲仯촷ۣЩĩһˮ䵽棬һһ
ڱʱעΧһﷸɵϽȥһѰѱק퇲ĹΧȴǻ퇲ĹΧڡһӲޱȵǣȻ˲仯Ϊ촷ۣ
ԲۣȻôаţʲôôôצסؿڣôһ⣬Ҳǰŵòᡣ
ûоֺֺЦűҡͷ˵퇲֮촷ۣ湻Ե˰˵ôͲ֪жأ㻹ܣô
ָɴ۾˵ôҪôҽⲻǲôҪ˵ˣܲôʧȥһǣжѿǵģ˵ʱˡ
ʱ鴤Ⱳӿˣģ˼Ҿһֱ׳ָ˵ģͷһݣ
B֮ʵڿȥˣɵòڵ̫˰˼ұһ⣬ǸʱʾѾǲˣҪǸ¸ͣʣˣֵõʴʣ
СBûͦݵİ֮ҵȻҪģֻΪѣòõĵطҪɣҾͲ㣬ʲôɶ˵ɶŽø԰ɣ
һȻ޴ӱ粵˰˵ˣҲˣǱôˣ
һŰעתƵǱߡ
ɵ֮󣬾͸оǱһƣƣĸоûиܹġֻ˯ĸоƤڴܣ޲ϱ۾˯һ
ߵĵطһδ赲Ĺǳֲÿһε赲Ҫ޴Ĵۡ
غû˵ֺԼѾǱˡ
ӣ֪սһ͵ڴˡ뵽ǰջص嵱С
үʱϵһֳ˵ζ
һܹˣھʣ¿үˡϵսҲѾӽβеĲӣɾؾڴɨս
үؿؾѺҹӣԶϷýĲӷֿͶ
ϵĽ׵ʧˣⲻǼʧܣǿүĲ߻һ̴峹ױˣ
ү߽ʣɵòЦû뵽һ
ǿϲʱľ⣬ҧ˵ǵ˵ôаܹƾʵһʱվҪսʤа֣˭Ҳı䲻˵ġ
үˣȻһЪ˹ЦΪ߾ʣһˣǳ׵İܾô˵̫ˣ¾ʣһˣʤȻҵģ
Цߣү㿴ߵһУ׷˶ʲô³һ˱񵤣󻹲֪Ǳɰ׳ջʲôģھһ׵׵Ĺ¼ҹˣ


1080 ҫ֮
⻰ʹ˿ү⵹Ϊ˵ĻжϬΪ˵ĻǿүԵĲпʵ
絽ʱһǶô緢ڣԱȥһ׳ʹԨ۹ҲӾϴ壬²ʱϵ⡣
үϵıḻˣʹļףһֱں޲ѣٵޱȷŭɲжôĸӣһжѾ޷ˡ
ҳѾ˹¼ҹˣǣֻҪһϢд棬Ҿз̵ĻᣡֻҪɵ㣬ͻ˸ңˣҲֻʱϵ⣡ү˫¶ϣĹʣ߸߰ǸӨӨƷ
е˲ʵүҪʲô
үЦһܸʲôȻһˣ˵ǾʣһˣʤоǻҵģھҵĻ
˵꣬үһ
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ϣؾѾʼˡΪòѸٳ룬½ѾӷһеĽɻʣѷ²Ҳ²ܡ
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ǣǵĶȥˣ۳Ƶķ֮ϣѾûǸˣѵ퇲ô
½ʱ᳤ڵأ쳤££ܣôΪأ
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ȻүĿϲûгáϷ˿ֲĹȻ䣬һӰ˵Ŀⶼе˰Ӱϡ

ȻڣǲƲǸ۲ӣǿϣûκεı飬УҲǰһκε˼벨
ֻһ߹²˭

еؾȫԴϲúһۿϲ֮飬춯أ
䣡ţ
޵£

һŭйؾλİؾսʿ޲úɤӣΪԼź
оԼۿȣҪᡣ
ѣû뵽ˣоˣĲһ۽ǣñ˷ԼǷݿȵļ֮顣
ҿ̫ţˣϾǵ˶ˣֵܣôţдʷʱӴ
ĴڻûƻգΪӢ۵ľ˺ԵеһС
үʧɫϵļҲڲͣĳ鴤ôܣˣҿүϾ쵽һ˿
ǰүֻǼɵڣ̺Ĺ죬Ȼÿүо˿־壡
үƽӴָͳһҩȻȥ˲䣬үΧ˵Ŀүһ˲䣬·һһ·綼Χת
߲ʵĹâȻӿүÿүȥޱȵĹ
˵ֻҪڣҵĵʯϸߵ̨ףҵү˵⻰ʱĭҷɣȻѾ뵽״̬ˡ
߲ҫû뵽Ȼĵҩֻ߲ҫȼеǱܹеôЦ˵
үԲ˵ʲô߲ҫ㶼֪ô߿㣬㶼Ըľ档һжûˣǻһɡ
˵ţүֱ޻һȭȭͷδ߲ʵĹâѾȭֱؿ
ԥһȭӭϣһͿүȭ֮Ȼĵâ
󾪣Ͻ½캰쳷ӣĶԾᲨԶĵطġ죬Ų߶Զ߶Զ
½һۣ֪սԼҲﲻæѲӶȥӻʵ۱¶˺أĻɡ
뵽½ϽָӲӿٳ
ͿүĶԾǳң˶ǻãȡʵӲӲײ
һʱ䣬ΪҵĶײΧĿڿбһһĵâЩâĴҴܣϣȺ
ȺУͶ˵ûָӣֻҴܣҴ޷ֳֻĽ֡Ҳвٳ˲ʱؾâؾȫˡΪжٶȿ죬ʧСĲӡ


1081 Ƽָ
ۿŲγ΢ɿһȥһ֮
һһɵգϣܹȴסˡʵǵȻѱһȫ£ү˼õС
ʱүսʵΪƣ෴ģΪܵ쳣궯е
ڸղţԼޱǿ壬Ϊϵؾͱһ赲ס˴󲿷ֱҵ퇲徫ܵصĳⱾȵķ֣퇲͸Լļ壬Լÿһֶ˼ˡ
ӦȫǰףоһĪӿ
ģӿͷŵĻɼӰ졣ҪǲԽԽͷţǽԵĽ
ͺñһܱյĻвܱտռѹܱյĿռΧжֻ̣Ҫռ㹻ǿܱյĿռҪѵġ
ΧķսṹԽ̣ıըԽ
ṩµĻҪסȴԼͿƲˣ
߲ҫĿүսÿһζײ͸оԼڵǹͻǿһ㡣أȻҪը˰ĸо
үԽԽľΪԼѾȼǱÿһεĹԷɽѵصġ
һδӲԼĹңͨÿүоĹǿ˼
̫ˣԾȥʤ޷Ԥϣ
Ѿزʲôǲ¶أ
үһθײûٴϣѡ˺ˣ˱˴˼ľ롣үӴָͳһָףĬĬֵʳָϡ
ҫģҵ£԰ԼΪһֱؽУүԼ֣Ĵָĸָ£ֻʳָ߸
ʱоӿүָ׵ʳָϣֲ
ͺһԴ󺣵ʱ򣬿ޱߵӿȻһĸо
ǣȻԼԿүоʱڵǹĪȻɲǼ䣬оԼͺһӵ̣ӿǲϳӵ̵ĳˮųˮԽԽǿӵѾЩܲסˣ
ҪǣԼʶѾͷŵȴȻ޷Ҳ˵Լ޷ͷųˡ
ΪŤүΪǱԼָ׸סˡ
Ҳкµʱ򰡣Ҳѹ֣ⶫ֮һֽƼָ糬ܵ壬ûƼָܴƵĶǱŵ֮Ǳݺıȴ뱻Фӵˡ
˵үϻеɫɲɫһţ
ֻҪʤеֶζᱻ壡죬ҲԲ⣡ȥɣ
˵ţү߸ֱһѹ˹ƼָһֱߣֱؿϮ
󺧣Ƽָһ·Ȼܱ߷ĿռڿٵƶУƿһĿռơ
ƼָȻֲ˹
үӲڵǹҴܣ޷Ч֮£΢΢һƫӭſүȥ
͵һޱǿ壬û񻰳սˣүƼָļ
һȭ˿үؿϣһ죬ͿүֿүѪȴǿЦǿôˣƼָǰһˣվҪҵУע˵ġ
ѾŤҪˣүɵ˿оʹһԭ򣬿ɾƼָƻѪҺӿоǹĪȻŲͣĳ
үۼʹޱȣԼϣϣƼָͣʼʱмܣɵ˺ϾֻܻסҪÿүԼһһѪ
䣬үһţֱӾͰ߷ɡһֱɳ֮Զһɽ屻ͣĶ˰ɽ壬ɽʯýʵʵ
үɵʯ֮ϣϸ̽ϢѾ˿ۿžʣһˡү뵽֮Уһʯһţû˸Ҹ֮ԣԾֻһ³Ǿ
ܿ죬үھڵλãһѰ˳Ц㿴Цվң˵˵ˣ㲻øԣֻҪ㳼ңһʹġ
ޣΣشүģһڴѪŨ̵
үȻŭһѰӵ£ýһŽŲ̤
΢ĳӣ㻹ôעҪҲڽµģ˵ҽǶôĺ£Ƕôҵԭ£ҵҪֶܹã
ſүһδβ̤оԼڵ͵˼㣬ҲƲסҪžҪˡ
ʱһĸоͷųָоҲԴһ֮ǹҪȻֹͣ˿꣬ǹںϡ
ɲǼ䣬ԺиֳһӰǴ̽Ǹļලߵһ仰ඥĸо
ʲôһҪĴȱֻҪʤ
ʱ⻰˼һ˿ᡣʵģǹɱ˵Ĵȱ黳ǹɿ񱩵Աױͷ
퇲ľԱ£񱻼ڵʱеǷݱܵı˵ĴȱٿͻѪ
⣬ǱԵġ
Եһ棬ûûǴȱǴ
ͨЩ˲оеĿ鸽ǹС̼䣬֮ϵһѪգϣOO@@һںڵĺˮоԼھȻʥһ覣
䣬һȭѿүҫ֮ǵķϡүүȵķ֣渡ֳһʥ׵Ĺâ۾Ҳͬҹһ䣡
㣬㡭ôˣⲻܣһĳӣôƼ仯үҪˣղŻǱڽ޷ĳӣתۼԼǰֳ˸ɽֹӣʵ̫ˣ


1082 Ա
ЩܻĿү˵ûʲôܵģүѾ;ĩ·ˣͶɣһһ
ʲôһӾȻһûɣƼ뻯Ҳһ³ţ
үϣԼеǱȫѹϣҪһ
䣬ƼָƿһĿռѷ죬Ż̫貵Ĺԣֱ
ڿү۹УȻԼȭͷӭƼָ
ǲ֪ôдģѵ㻹û̵ƼָôǶô޴֪Ҳãܹûʹȥˡ
ȭͷƼָٿ£УȭͷϺȻһʥİ׹⡣׹˸огůĸо˾첻Ŀ񱩡
Ȼų޼᲻ƵƼָȻڽӴʥ׵Ĺâ˲һһ߽⡣ţӳеľһĹ
үţһȻɫүϣŵ顣
ͶɣҸ·ͬһɽֹǿߣһ΢ĩĽɫ˵ⷬ
үˣ뿪аɲҡͷȻͣĹˣȷԼһвΡ
첲ϴľʹÿүʶԲΡ
ԲܣһжǻþңһжġǾܹɱģôܰҴأңⶼõģ
ſүͬһı֣һϽֹЩ״εĿүүүôˣ
үָƽ
㰡ǳʧˣƼָҲˣѾûκεĵˡүۿն߽һ˵
үûʲô˵ģѾˣֵһ·ǻɣˣȥһǣһ磬ֵܣ
үһϸֳ˹ɣǲΪֵܣʲôԸ
ͷûΪֵܣԸκε飡
ǾͺãǾͺáү˵ţȻүıһơ
ͼŵָſү˵ү㣬ʲô˼
үЦҪûֶεĻ˭Ҳ뿪硣һϣĻֺñȡһʱɣһص󣬻ǵĺôļҲġ
¶˱ߵɫôҲû뵽үľٶȻ˽
Ť任˾ϰ˵ʧܵС󣬻ܰи˭ܣ
æ磬үʩչеȫˣϾҪԱ
˵꣬Ҳ˲ΣգȥһѾס˱βͣݺݴӰק
Цֵܣֵܣ˼ҲֵܣΣȣҲֵܣΪȴֵܵ汳
үͳһƷһףʱռҡһŰ׵Բֳ
ˣж䣬Ϊ˱䣬㼴ǷҲֵõġοһȥԼ䣬ļҲ˶õ޴ĺô㻹ʲôģԱɣΪԸϾҵģǾֵõģ
˵꣬үӿһǸŰ׵ԲС
޺˵ͨĴŻȥѿүӦԱ
ҡͷУ޷ԵĴڣټϿүԱǷǳ˵ġǿ쳷취Ը죬ʱˣԱ㲻û۵ıģ죡
֪Է飬ֻܺ޺޿һԲеĿүϽк˸Ͽ쳷ˣҫ֮ǵķϿգգۼʣˡ
ϳ˱֮ɫԲΪΪֱѺͱõĸоĥ顣
ʱ治ᣬϧһжɲˡ㻹ǿܰɣŬƣҪȵүߺԱҼֲ˶೤ʱˡ
̾Ϣһ˵пܣҲҪϧ
УͨĴװѾʧˡоΧĿռ䷢˲ĶӰѾЩˣԱǰףҡͷ̾ϢһֲԱĻԵĳ
ĳԱǾԲеġΪʵԱǾ̺Żġ
ȡ˶ϵãԱķӦ
ĲԱĵΧһǿĴһԱȻһƵһŵڶѭһȦ
ȻԴƣһһ´󣬾ͻ󷨰ԱΡ
ڲµھŵʱԱѾʼˡ˳ֵ׼ԱǳԤϡ
ըǿҳգۼͻĵ󣬲һԿֲٶɢӽ󷨣ȴڲõʮʱ򣬲òˡ
ΪըѾǰֻ÷뿪
ǲ±ըģǾʮΪըķΧѾķΧٲѾûκεˡ
ʮ谭ԱǽԲһǧķΧںɨһգеɽ˿ڣޣȫΪУһǧķԲڣֻʣ췭ĳ
ݻٵĵطǲù˼ɵģΪǻ֮أһֲ˺󣬶ըĵ漰һЩסĵط
ǲˣڴһҲǱķΧҪʮԨ۹ǵ۹ҪܵԱĲ
ΪʧӪڼƵ
ݾĹͣȴûиκεĻ䣬Ž·ԲǧĻȻľƣĸоһʱ䣬Ҹط˯ҹ

дһ̧ۣǱѰ
ιôҲӦһĲ¿ǲȫѰ㣬˵ãԭشԼˡǸϽȥôҵİ²ߣϽȰ
ϵǣԴ˵ıֺֻŶһ㿴Ȼĳ
оЩԣЦʵôˣ˵ܸһõء


1083 ֶ֮
̾Ϣһָŷĳ˵һУһжֵõô
ЦŶû뵽⡣Ҳûش𣬵뷴һ⣬һѵֵô
ˣһķʵɴǻ۵ġ
Σһ˵һǰһᶨƵΪֻҪΪϣֵܸõģڿΪʵһĿ꣬ǸĴʵ̫ˡ
̾Ϣǰж壬ʱǲòϣǰԼǿӵ˱˵ͷϡھͨ˵ֻҪķϢ͹ˣǲΪЩƽġǵѡʱΡ
һ˵˵̫ˣԴү֮Եޱȣ˹Ǳ˵ĸܣµУжٲǸүһԭ˹Юأ
ˣüͷ˵ôˣôôֵ뷨˵ĳȻʵȴһǲԼ̤Ϻū۱Ϊߵġȱһʵıûб֧ŵĴȱǼٴȱ
һȻʣԱľ޴ƻЧʹһЩ뷨˶ҡڣһȱһʵıеȫͨ͸ˡ
һʵԾ磬ʲôûб֧ţһˮ¡
ʵУе٣ɣаۻҲбӵгûбԭһԱ֮ʹȻ
а֮ɳãаڣ֮ռҲҪ˿ȥάֻɱ¾ʹȱı棬һҶĿˡ
뵽еһɨգЦôˣ̫ô
ɵðЩԾóѿɲװģԴĵһֶû뵽˾ȻĻ۸
ûжʧ󲿷ֵĲӶˣʹвӻڱƻıԵΪķ²ؾһ£ؾʧ͸õˣͶΣպУٶҲ죬սģû⡣
ô˵Ҫлл㣬Ҫûĵ㲦ҿ»Ҫܾá˵Ȼ¶˳ԾɫΪоԼԴǹº͵ָ֣죬ǿ̶ӣԼΪҲԿֲٶ
ܿѹԼΪʱ䣬϶ԼһܰΪѹڴ£ʱԼ߳硣
ΣԮ֤ǸˣͰԼʵ˵һ顣ˣҲǴüͷɲܹŪȥģķκ˶޷ĵġ
ͨܣҲùԹԵİԼΪѹڴ£磬һ̸
Ҳ֪޿ɸıģ˵ҿɣҳڻܹѹסԼΪ磬ͳ鶼źˡ⣬ǵ۹ȻҵǲޣҪʱ򣬻ʩԮְ
֪Ӱ˵ﵷңһӦϲ̶֣֮󣬾͸ˡ
˱ϸϻصؾĴ󲿶С
ۼؾվȫʤҲС
Ϊ˱ʾԮֵĸлŰ׶ģֻҪڣ֮Զѣ֮ͻԶѺá
׶Ȼúֱ𣬵Ǳ߲ĹޣĴȰο£׶
һɼһؾһʱ䣬ҲȻζ԰÷Ǿ֮磬Ҳˡ
ЩѣʼԨ۹һˡ
Ԩ۹ԭļУԱ֮»˻ҽڸطֻǵĺһЩ
Щ壬ǸеչѪһ棬ȫ壡ⲻǲ̣ΪԺȡıȻʩ
Ԩ۹ǵ۹̫Ĳ죬Ԩ۹뵽ǵ۹İͼС
ǵ۹󲿷ϣ˾۾ӡʹþ󲿷ֵŹͬϰߺ͹ͬȺɣֻҪλ߲ǺܺüԦġ
Ԩ۹ǴͬԱ൱ӣ˻Ӿסһ𣬸ĵȫȮʱпܱͻ
ѹǵ۹һӲ׵Ԩ۹ϣԵ͸֮ìܣһ˳ͻΪߣƱҪƽѡҪĴ㡣
Լ뷨ĺ˵ˣĺʮͬ뷨ڹԨ۹ϣȡֶ֮ķȴһͳķҪõöࡣ
ʵҲ뷨ĺ˵˸Լͬ뷨˾ģͰԨ۹ݺݲɢɡ
һգԨ۹ĸȺǿȫ뵽ͼǣԼ뷨ڡ
ΪǺ壬϶ƽȵġĳЩʵԼĿģӲѱƽȵĸȺֳŵȡ
˼Ĳƽ
һеĸԴʲôһȺ˹ϽڶȺֻԼȺ棬˱Ⱥ档еĻ˱Ⱥ棬ԼȺ档
мڴˣʵʩһԼȺ˹ԼȺİ취Ԩ۹СȺ۴СԼأʵйҽƶԱȺй˾档
Ԩ۹нϴȺͳԨ۹׳Ϊʷȡ֮ǰٹˡ
Ϊ˱Ⱥ֮ķػѡԱٹˣڹؼĵطספֻҪֳѪĳͻפԭǲ֮һͻġ
飬õȺӦʼδǣԨ۹ǵ۹֮ƫԶܵشҲȺҪ뵽ٹ˵СǾͿԻһϷıسϵݡ
ԴǱʾһӭΪһؾûйϽĿհ׵ˡеĵ̶뵽صĹϽΧڣٺܶӵġ
Լʱ䣬飬ڻδȫָͼǷַ·ʵҲǸһ壬˶ܹ˭Ҫ£Լʲô³
ַĸ˹ߡߵһƬս½裬ƣ졣
Ԩ۹ǰٹ˵͸һ䡣
ĺ͸ϻǵ۹һЩ飬͸ߴԼҪȥһЩ飬ܳһʱز껹ûϢ̫ػ͵ǻǵ۹
˵ɻкУԼ޶ѡɲѪΪоԼΪѾЩҪĸоڵΪֱҪ֮


1084 
ϿУ뿪Ϊ֮Ѫǻ۶սĵطҪһƫƧĵط
磬¡
ÿһأѾƿڴ£ĹĲ»ΪעѪͬάһͳŬ
˵£
վҪ뿪ǰһԼǶ˵ֹ¶ĸо
֪ƬϣǣףΪ֮ϳΣҪΪЩ˺úüԼʵ
ɵ˶ٴӱɵϽȻһϤĵططΨһоʹĵطҲоĵط
ָо䵽ķ羰续ԴĸоֻһεһŽȻ̬ͬ
֨֨֨
ĸпһɫëľԳǰץóǼԵʮֲּ֪ôԼּĸ顣
ëʥԳϽԳ绹ô֪ЩëʥԳ˵ȴܹ˵ʲô
ëʥԳͬʱݺݵͷȻС
ֵܣôˣҾֵ֪ǲǴҵġ
һЦһͬһ䷿ݴСϽɫëƤľ޴Գǰ
磬ˡּ˫ǰǣϽԳһֻ۰ʹ
Ϊ˶嵤ϽԳԶһ͸ûϽԳδƲ嵤ʱʱµ顣
ϽԳĶϱһֱʹϣֻҪѵģûпǷ˭ΨϽԳоԼǷ̫ˡ
ϽԳȴûô뷨ɫ֪Ϊʲô˵ֵܣѵ㻹ǵ磬ǿңߣúÿһֵ㡣˼ΣǴҴææģӦǲƬ̾߰ɣ
Ц磬רģȻͣߡ
Ǿͺã˵ʲô緱ĸҿǳ㿴ɽҰ֮Ȥ
˵ϽԳһľɽߡ
ҪĵطǽëʥԳһľסأΪȺߣڵϸû·ĺۼӲݴ·;ȻоǰһһƬŶʯľռǰ
Сռ䣬ҲֻмʮɵķԲĽëʥԳ˵ѾеݳˡԼªĿռڷʯʯʣϽԳλһ޴ʯԷֱ
ϽԳһͼëʥԳһȻһ޴ʯʽĹƷѰĹϹңвֵĹƷ
ϽԳȰ£ʼƷЩƷò˵ĶĶǲһ۳̶ȸǹ磬ڹƷУʼôһ־׵ζһҧȥͺǸҰںϵһһ
磬Ȼö䣬ǾԲ᳢˾ƷζĹƷġÿƷĶҲһָ⻰ǹά֮ʵ˵Լĸܡ
еʱķгľˣֻعȻȻĽѡ
ֵܣ⻰ЩƫˡƷЩҲǳʣ˭ǻ᲻֪ġⶫǺãҪʮ꣬Ҳˡʱᾲ˼Ҫȥķ羰Ӣ׼Ա̤벽ǺǺǡ
ȻǰĽ˿ҪĽķǷǷǣǷǣ˭˭ӣҲһ˵顣
ϽԳȻʵֵܣ֪ǳ࣬ôͻȻǺǣǴһĳ⣬Ǿ֣ôʱˣ
ˣԳƣһ£ԼϽԳֺͳͳ˵һ顣ԼҪ뿪飬ҲϽԳ
ϽԳͷŶԭȣֵܣҲ֪Ϊ˻ǡȣҪĳҪҲ㲻ȥֵܣǲʲô飬ֻܰͦ߹ȥˣôʲô
ͣһ£ϽԳ˵ֵܣҪǵõĵطˣд㻤ûκ⣡ֻǿϧˣ΢˼죬Ҫ죬ƵƣͿƷˡ
ϽԳϹŴϧɵùЦ磬½Ե֣ԵֲʲôҲǿ󡣴磬һһֱиԸϣɡ
ֵܣлֱ˵˲Բ飬Ҫȥ㾡ܿڣÿĿǣԵüˡ
ӿĪļһˬĴ˵һЩ׵Ļȷʵˡ
磬Ķϱ۽ӳҪϡ
ʲôϽԳɴ۾Լǲˡ
Ŷ磬ϸݹа˳ɵİܰĶϱ۸¶ȻܵͷޱȵĳϿ˵
ģϽԳϲûоϱ֮ʹˣǾϽԳ˿̵ġ
ֵܣ˵ɣֻҪܸŬȥ۳ɰܣ綼ġţֵֻܲŻĴ硣ڳԵôǺǣһ첲ȥˣܱʹࣿ
ϲǺã磬ΪۣýëʥԳĶǡ
ϽԳϽ˽ëʥԳһ󣬽ëʥԳȫ嶼ȥμסټĿռʣϽԳ
קͨԵóĵҩڷźãĿ⾼ϽԳ˵磬׼ô
ϽԳޱȵ˵ֵܣ㾡ְܶɣǿԴҲһüͷġ
ͨԵߵϽԳߣϽԳţλûԸߣϽԳڵϣܹϽԳļλá
ϽԳµĶϱۣǴӼελ볶ϵģ˿ѾϣΪ´߳⣬ͱҪ˿ȫп
ȻϽԳ弫ΪǿᣬͨԵиȻ޷˿ںп
ֻñƳ˵飬ٿŵ˿ڸƿ
˿һʱѪעΪǣֹѪֹʹֻȫȻ£ܹʹǴﵽѵЧ
磬ҪȥһЩͷһ¡ΪϽԳ첲ڼϵģҪǣͱҪȡһЩͷ䵱۵Ĺӡ
û£ֵܣĿͷ˳ۣŪһˡϽԳʹ˵


1085 Ʒ粨
ˣصͷٿŵϽԳ¶ĹͷһЩмһٶʮСģι֮ۻϽԳ̲ס鴤ѡ
ϽԳҧأŬԼЩ鲢˵ƾܹ⡣
õǺֹܶ࣬ͣ˹ι֮ϽԳ鴤˺ܶࡣǿԿϽԳëȫʪ͸ˣ۳һ亹
ѹĹмһŵϽԳϱ۴ĹǽϣʯһЩҩ۷ȥǹֲҩۣҩ۵ļ룬ЩмϾ͸ؽڽ磬ЩмҲͳǵӡ
һУʼϽԳ˿ڴļ˿·Щ˿·ڳ˿ڵʱѾȫңһҪһļ˿ȫÿһ˿ܹձ·ﵽ³͵Ŀġ
̶ϽԳ˵ʹС˺ܶࡣɶ˵һޱȷķ̡
ѵջأӴָͳһ룬һЩ˿⹤ʵ̫Ӵˣʶޱǿ˶о˾ϵƣ
ϽԳѪѾһˣҵɱȵԼѼ֯ŪãϽԳΪʧѪˡ
ĲиŬ£ϽԳļ֯ҲŪˣһˡ
ʯҩϸ˳ϽԳ¡
ȥ򵥣ȴǷǳӵġһϽԳʮֵҩÿһֵҩĲͬܶԷµġ
棬мܵģиṩӪģпǹ̵ġ֮෱ӵĹܣʱҪһֵҩʱҪʮֵҩϡ
̲һȫѵҩȥҪעϽԳϽԳҩ
ֵܣЩ̲סˣ̫ˣҲۣȴܲ˰ϽԳЩܲסˣӶϱ۴һĸоȶϱ֮ʹҪܡ
ס˵һҲûп˼ϽԳȻоôĹ֤̾ʮ˳УǾԲܳһġ
ֵܣаʵûϢȷʵܲĸоϽԳѾܵˣΪߣϽԳϵ첲Ҳñֹ
΢΢һתͷ˵磬Ϊؼʱ˵ʲôҲҪ֣ڼһ
ϽԳ˵ɴͱˣһۼ䣬Ķͷ˶ĺ飬˵ĻӲͱѹȥˡ
۳ˣԼǲ̫Բֵô뵽ϽԳһַֻݺҧʹԿǹĸо
͡
·ϸͼϽԳĶϱһ㰴ԭĹ˿·
ɲҵģٶȹ죬һĻɵֱͻûԭȫĹˣԶǴɣ
Ϊ˿ϽԳֱ۵Լʶͷŵ뵽ϽԳĶϱ֮УԼԼԿơĿ֮£ϽԳĶϱһ˾ķʽ
ԶֵģͿϱ۵ֱɶ칤֮ʣ
ѪҺ֣ѻ͹棬Ȼͼһչ׳
оûκһַ羰ܹȵϴֵ֮
ģϽԳĶϱλˡΪ˹̼ѹٶȣѪҺõѾļǡ
ԽǰٶȾԽоԼޱȵƣĺϾ˯һ
֣֣ټ֣
ǿĬĬٿϽԳֱȫɡ
֮󣬻ǲܷɣҪѪȹ̣ΪʱҪȴѪҺѸҪõöࡣ
ܹѴǰĹȫָѪҺһӳпܻᵼδ֪Ľ
ȫĶͶ뵽ѪҲ֪˶ãֱȫָԭӣŻջʶ
ͨһԵڵء
ΪϽԳŪһֱۣҫ֮ǵĴսҪƣͰٱ
ֵܣֵܣôˣɱΪ˴һ첲ҪǰˣôֵܣֵܣѰ
Ҫ˯ȥˣȴӲϽԳˡ
磬û£ֱôʵ
ϽԳ᳤ݺݻ˼³˵Ѿȫˣֵܣɱ鰡
һ˿ЦݵǾͺã磬˯һ
úúáֵܣ˯ɰϽԳᱧ𣬷ŵԼʯϣ˯ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ã͵۾ϽԳһֱغߣˣϲֵܣˣˣǻ˯ˣ̫ˣ˴ɾͷˡ
˵ţϽԳὫСǷо
Ц̫ˣֲӣôԼͺˡ
˵ţƿϽԳ˼˵ŲЩ鸡ûʲô󰭵ġ
ϽԳʹ˵ʱһͷëʥԳ˽ϽԳһ١
ͼϽԳšüĿߺߡ֪һдˣϽϽԳһȥ
вԶʮͷëʥԳΧġЩëʥԳĵ˲ס˻벻⣬ҡͷա
֪ͽëʥԳ˵˸Ĵ˵ʵʵǲСôܹأ
߽ˣɵô۾Ϊĸˣ˭֪Ȼһͷ˺һʮͯģ˱ëʥԳΧסˡ
ȻЩ㤣ΪˣȻһʶĸо
û˾Ǽģ
ңƼˮּǺӡģйָо
ǣȻĽᣬô벻أ
˼ʱϽԳѾ˶˵ǰ
ι֪ʲôطôҰǿҴ˵طϽԳҲɱĴڣҪһأôֱӾͿԹɱˡ
˭֪ǸȻҡͷ˵ҵȻ֪ʲôطˣйᡣ㻹Ӧýһ尡
Ҳ
㱻ԼĿˮǺסˣλֻԣ˼ϽԳ͹ӵˣð˼ҵĳδЩصˡ
ۿϽԳŭϽǰԲλ̨ǲˡô˼ҵأð˵ĳⲻô
˭֪һ޹ɴ۾˵˭˵ðģ˵ȫģǲƵĵطҵΪëʥԳһĳ֪ģҹʵΣǳġСӣ㻹˵ðô


1086 ͷ
ЦˣϽԳм䷿Сˣ˼ҽСӣ̫˼ˡ˼Ȼ˵˵֪ġ
ϽԳһ㶣ϻʵʸ£ô֪Ƶĵطģ
ûϽԳȴǶ˵ʲôҲǿ˽ëʥԳһưɣ
Ŀɿڴô֪Լ֣ǺӣԼǾúϤȴһӡҲûС
ʱ򣬾ͼǸͯݺݰһۣñӺһתһȥ
ô£
׺ͿˣͯȻԼûаֺøУӾǷ˰ٵǮһ
ϸݰ׵ģԼûύ˰ֻ˫۾ĺϤȻһеĸо
ǸСͯôҲôϤһƤȻеɫ̫ϤˣѿڶͲôһˡ
Ҳˣǵô̽ϵĹôЦ
㣬㡭ǼලߣǸǸǽ𽣡ˣôҲ뵽̽ϵǸޱȵĲϼලߣȻģ
˵Ǹͷ棬治˵Ǵ˰
Ҿ֪ûǣ𽣬ˣǴǰˣˣҲһСӣӦùд簡
Ҳල߻治Լ˰ϽԳϳ鴤˼£ʵ˭ð䳤أҪǲ˵Ұĳӣ
ලЦСӣ㻹𲻷ҸʥԳϳֵܵʱ㻹ءëʥԳȺһǧͳôһ߼࣬Ϻӿǰ㵱ɱüʥԳû˵޶ô
ϽԳˣ޻ɣϽڵذݷСֶ³ç£
޶ȰֵÿˣҾͷЩȽڵġϽɣʱ䣬ҲѾƳˣǸϽȥƷƲҪġ
˵ţ޶ȾȻͬԼҼһ߰ͷ­ǣ˽ëʥԳľ۾ӵء
ǾԲˣ޶һ߸˵һʮϤǰ·һ͵˽ëʥԳסĵط
飬޶һƨ£кϽԳұ͵Լļһ
ϽԳһۣӶԷпһ˿Ц޶һ治Լˣ
ϽԳҪһµʱϽԳ޶ȵɸסˡ
ͼ޶ȴӴָͳһһľЩȫⱦƵ󣬿ش޶ǳúƵˡ
󣬴޶ͳһ޴ĺ«ݸϽԳ˵Сӣװߵʱߡ
ϽԳһۣһǧֻڷڡҲû취弶ﵽôҲдȫ
ϽԳֻý«µĽëʥԳѾƺ«װװ֮󣬻дˣ˿Ǳǿٰ
£ŵһ㣬ζŷǳӵȻζž˼ӹĵζ˱Ƕ˵ƢΪ
ˣˣ޶һҲûв˵ζǱͬһᣬܲŹ۲һǵĹӣǼûȹһ
ȵëʥԳһʯ̧޶Ⱥûȳʯϵһֻ룬ʯҨƣŲӾ͹ȥ
ર֮󣬲þʢƣϽԳСƱ
þƺþƣʥͽԼįΩƵȷһ°⣬ɣ
һ񺮣޶ȻеģûŰ˼ҵһ׻ˡȷǳ˶Ȱ
ϽԳ뿪ˣȻǰĺѣǾǽëʥԳһѡˣȻҪúдҲûʲô˵ġ
Сʱ޶溨ȣȻЦǲϾҪ뿪ˣ
͵һû뵽޶ȾȻ⡣
޶ȺǺЦģҶǾûжģҫ֮һսǴư
Ӿˣ治֪޶ô֪һеģѵǴӱ֪ô
Ӧòᣬ֪ĻԼΪԼ罵֮˶ɲС£㲻ûǣĴܾġ
ԣûɰôҪй
޶ȴһЦ·ֻص˴̽Ǹƻϵòļලˡ
Ҳ̫࣬ҫֳ֮ôĶҪĿôףһԱʮǧﷶΧĴ𵴣¼ŪдܲĿˣ㻹װɵô
⻰ЩϺҪ֪Աǿ൱½ǧ겻Ĵ𼶱ѣڴ½ıԵûԱĴΪôѣ˭޶õġ
˵Ա͵ˣһƣ˵
ʲô͵˼ô޶ȫԼһŵ󣬴ıĺͲмһ˵ǰй۲죬û˵ô㡣
ˣⲻһôҲ֪עԼ󣬰Ӳ˵ɸߴˡ
ʵй۲˻ϾѾûսˡ罵ٵʹ߶ôĿ⣬˾罵֮˴սܲעô޶Ҳ湻Եģ˵Ⱦ
ȻôĹעôû˹ܹأ㲻Ǹ˵ԼԽԼĵ̣ԽôЩʵ
޶ٴ¶˱ĵĿ⣺ǵ۹ĴߣԨ۹˿Ƶǿأˮƽ治֪ʲôʺˣڳôĶ㣬Ҫ۹һ׮ɱ˰Թô
һ˵ȻˣרŵĲŹ飬ӦǹܰҪ±عףҲɲ갡
ǵİⲻͽô˵ôһ£˵ɣ˵СɣΥԼô죿ΪЩһĴͻɣͿүǼСӣǰɱˣ˳ˣҲô
ʲô˴޶⻰һӴʯϻȻǿ˰ô˶ôôҲ̫ˣ˾Ͳ˿
ʲôʲô۾ɵøţƵģ£ѻЦĸڣȿԼ£Ԩ۹˰ɣʲôٹˡСʲô˼ңǸΪò㷢չֻҪǷַܷǣûɣ
޶ȴǣָһеʵĿģòϣ޶ȵķܵλʵϾôġ


1087 
ҭƿԣо仰ֻݹٷŻյƣѵ˵ľԼԼɲûʲôΪ˾棬ɱôҲ˵ά氡
飬˵ﻹ治˵ˡо޶⻰źԶ˼
£һˣ˵»һԸë²Ρ
оƣҲûл˵ֻ¡
޶ȸһƣȻþƱһԼһ
ʵһҶѾʲôˡ룬Ϊʲô˱ѹ¾鷢Ҫ֪˿Ӵû˱֧֣κһȺ¶õ᲻ûŪȰԼȥˣ
ҲѧŴ޶һһ£ɵĵͷ˶Ըˣһֱһʡ
ôȺѵһҹ֮ôԷγɵģҪͨʱɲһǰ㣬ӦܹЩ
ǣʲô׶ûУգۼͳ˱ѹ¾ū۵Ķ޶ôһ˵еè塣
ѵ˵ıͿʼˣң֮ƵƵ٣ǵõĳЩĴĬ˼άϷԾĽۣԼһ
ٺ٣ӿɽҲ۰һľŸ˵Ļ򣬾ƾүǼСʹóһ͹ܵģݵһֱڳҫ֮޶жȻһƾâó޶ҲЩߡ
ʱˣ˵Ҳǣ˷ϢӵӴ˿ڻԱȺȣ˵ģǸ޴вǱȺˣҲһȻɵѵġ
޶ȹЦСӣû㣬ؽûҰһˡٸһ󱭣
ʵү˽磬漰沩ġ漰淽˭עĽչһ־п˭Ҳ޷ʰо֣˭Ҳ¶档
Ϳү̨ǰһҲϾүţôıüأѵԼҵģţҲһôĵ̡
ȵүսܣǱӻ֮󣬸עȫеϡ
ɢԨ۹Ҳ˼ҵȻү˳һͱʮ塣飬ڲ֮
޶ȽЩɵ亹ˡû뵽ôᶢԼҪĵǰɱǲµģؼǲ͵ǰ
޶ЦСӣҲú£ûΥ˭ͲôؼҪ㹻ǿֻԼʵԱԼŲϡͿȥĻôĶ֪ǿɾ̫ԩˡ
ͷǣ˵ʱǰѵļǣҵΪʵҲ֪ģϾҪˣ϶߳ȥġ磬ԵĸֻǿǰʲôõĽô
ǺǣԼĵ·ǸκεĽġͺñһŲѵǴһ糤ôĴܣǴӵͶһǸλãһóϰɣ
ͷЦǰԼǣ˭Ǵӵײһһӡȥġе˼ǼԺգмھԵǿǰҲҪﶥ壬ÿԼ
޶ˣоȻЩĿˡ
֪ͺãȣʵ˭֪Ҫǵ磬ܵǿıΧأĳ˵һ޴Σ˵ֺγһĻأҪ֪ΣԶǲġ
ǫ˵ǰֻ֪ĪΣܹױȵǿߡ
޶̬쳣˵̬ҾͷˡһһǸѣһ棬Ҳ˵˵顣
ҵ飿ʲô˵ģ
޶˫۶ȻųһĹâǸоһͷɫǿһСһ
ǰôٿһĻҿҪˡ
޶Цҫ֮ǵʱǲǸоԼڵҪըȴһס˰
Ȼһô֪ģ
ʲôݣһεļලߣѾεļල˽ӡָһʱ䣬Ϳүս⵽ˣǾڰй۲졣ڷĹ֮
һ˵ܹҽ뵽ԪӤڵߣϼ츳˲šܹﵽڷģ͸ǷëǣԱΪˡ
ڷ֮ͬҪתǿޱȵвʹ߻ᱬ
ͿүսУΪŴζڵĴҡ޷ЩͷţۿžҪˡ
ʹ޶ʱȻ֣ӿֳһܹһתʮ
ʹ޶Ⱦ֣ΪҲţ֪ǶôѱǶҲڲбҷĹ̡
ʹ޶Ҳ˵Կ϶ǣױȵʡͨڵĲʰ
֪ھ󲿷תܣ
й¶ܣҲɶԷ
ΪලߣֻҪֵ̫󣬼ලǲóȻԤġɼıֺһ֮Ϊá
ʵ¾˵Ҫ˵޶ȺΪҲɡǣеСžҲеġѩ̿ĹػɱȽǿˡԺҪǳɾһҵָͷµӣ͹Ƿɻڴˡ
ɲϹͶʣҪ֪ʵģ˵޽Уϵеģһ֮
ȻЩ޶ǲ˵ġ
޶ȸ̤뵽֮䣬ͨ׵Ļ˵Ǵ˽һĸ߶ȡڻᷢҵı仯
˵ǵﴦĿٵءһΣĻᣬеԪӤʱ򣬶ҪĿ顣
޶ΪලߣĲŻ֮һĹ̡˵꣬ͨٸԪӤڵߣһڣңҪٵϴ
Ȼˣͨĵ·ǿǰ߰Ѫʷ֪ж˵˳·ϣǣ
·ϣûнݾߡ
ϿɱΪ̳ţҲֻܰǰľ߳ڵĵӣԼȥȥ
ܲܳɣ߷ֿԼֻҪ⣡
˵Щ޶ȾȻƱվ𣺡ˣҾͲ˵ˡ㾿ĳɾͣͿԼСӣҲ׺ƣЩǧġȫ͸ɣǾˡ𽣬ߣҲˡ
ϽԳû˵ûϵλ徹Ȼ˵߾ߡϽԳʶҪ޶ȣ壬㿴ߣǲСֶдܰ


1088 ٵ
޶ȹЦСӣˣЩƣһٺȵġҪµȫɹˡˣҲʥԳһɡûвɢϯ˰
˵꣬޶ҡҡλδŽ߳ڿնգۼʧˡ
˴޶ȣǰٸн޶Ⱥûпеܡ
ֻڸүսʱˣûиоʱᣬ֪Լһȫµ̨ףܹӿٵת£ˡ
޶˵ЩҲû˼Ⱦ̸ˡϽԳ˵ԼҪһƧĵطǱ
ϽԳϽһľطԭг߽ĵط˵ˣǽëʥԳԱҲ׵徲ĵط
ϽԳߺϥ£մ޶ȵ˵һΣյ̡ˣܹ뵽ڣʧˣп
û̫ãԼҵ״̬뵽ľأʼĬĬʶӣ̽һڵľ
ʱĵڣȫɿֲɡУܻһϣ޷д޶Ŀٵصġ
ʵ޶ȿеĿٵأʵϾӵо޴Լڿٳһس
жޣ޶УоתĹ̡
ĬĬʶָȥںϿֲǰҲֻܹԹԽܵںϡ
ĺôǣܰѿ񱩵˳˵ֻпܹʾܼԿƣͻ˺ʵǺΣյĴڡ
ҰһҪΪ񣬾͵ѱ˲Сãһѱá
ܵ£ֲںһԸ̲ܵصĿֲǸںһ𣬾ԵöǿɿصģûôΣˡ
һ£ڣеһγһ޴Ĺš
ǰڵ׼ˣڣҪΣյĿٵصĲˡ
ѹǿٵصĿʼ֮
ǿʶѹ£ܺĻ忪ʼ޵ѹ
ȷʵܹʶĵģ޶ȵġΪѹ֮󣬱˴˼ļ϶ѹһָԭ״̬ļ䡣
Ŀռ䱻ѹСʱͻᷢ죬һ޵״̬ɵƵ״̬
޶еһ״̬Ҳһ䵽ʱĹ̡
ǿʶѹЩСĿռ䷢չʱ򣬶ЩģĳʱΣķʶƲס
ǷǳΣյģֻҪϾû˵һˡϽʶȶס״̬ʱȲȥѹȹһʱ䣬״̬ȶסԺȻٽһѹ
ǸǳḶ́ѵﴦѹСȻѹСȻѹѴС̣Ѿˡ
̶뿪ٵصҪʵ̫ԶˣҪŬά״̬ܳʱ䣬żѹ
㶹ССССÿһѹоʶĸо
ǲУѹԶûе£
ȶһ£Ȼʶ͵ذȫѹ
㣡
һ㣡
һûûκηеĻ㣡еȫѹƵ
˲䣬оԼ·ңǸоһ޵ĸ£
䣡
޸µĻ㱬ըˣ
޷˵ըʲô죬Ϊû޷ݵ죡
һʮ̫ĹâӻֳţһƬڰΪղ̫Ĺâ˻˲äĸо
һŰ׵ʴӻб
һȫµ棡
һ˵ɹˣ
ȻС֮Աǣȴڵһʵʵ棡
Ȼ֣ӻ˦ŰʣϵĺһܹѸͷų񱩵Ҫõ
ԺͿͨԼڵȡ֮֮ʹˡ
һһֱʮ
ڵڻָ˿ٵ֮ǰˮƽ֮ǵʮ
ңٵ֮ӵеҪԶ֮ǰõҪҸ׿ƣ
ӻв˦һһŵʣЩγǳһС
ȻЩ˦пһһŶ
ϸ۲ЩʣȻ˷һ½
оԼ󲿷ԴȻɵúúþӪԺṩҪˡ
½ǳƶ񤣬һû뵽ٵеʵУľһ鶫
ϸߵĴ½ͶͶ£΢͵Ĵ½ϲ˾ҵĶ
䣡
΢͵Ĵ½ϣһɽʼŷһҽ𣬺ڵĻɽɢ΢ʹ½֮ϡ
Ȼ΢ʹ½ϵһֹĴ꿪ʼһ¡
ҽΪһɽˮŻɽĴʡ
ڣͣˣڻɽҵһſСݹ棬вɡ
ͻȻоһ˿ļʶ̽飬֮ڣ䶯ĳӳ֡Щӣֻͷ˿ϸһ糤̣͵ȵĶ
ֵޱϲˣϾԼڵУܹ壡
Ҫ΢ʹ½עʱ򣬺ȻоΧĿռ䴫һĲ
ϽջʶҲصʵС
˭ŲԴķʵ
һ߳ǰ˵ѾԶԶԽ˴ڣҪ뿪ˡ
ﶸȻһǰɣ
ܹලĳֵΪ仯˼ල֮⣬˭أ޶ʶģһӦþˡ
ϣ¶˼οɫϷչأӦ뿪ˣǡ
˵һ㶮飺Ϊȹһ£һеȨһʱ䡣ڣѾȨļˡ
ɵһ죬û뵽Ͽļල߾ȻҲ˽øлֻ࣬ôһʱ䣬ȹԼ磬ǳ
뵽һлǰȫԺҪǰл
¶ЦݣԼ˽Ϊһô
ɲҪ֮·ֻǱӼգϣΪ֮ˣôˣʵ
Դ˵̫룬ֻЩӰˡ
ӣЩɻˣǼʶģҲû˵뵽ڵ߿ٵغֳӰ


1089 ǿ
һɻӣ͸ͣҵȵʱзһ½
ʲô½ӿɳˡ
һ˵ôʲôֵôһ½ҵĸоУ͸Զźĵʱ࣬Ұעеʱ򣬾˻ɽưô꣬󳤳㻨ݣӣ

෢һʹ۾һȣ㼷кᡣ
ͬߣôôأһΪȻֲ֪ӣĺ޲ð֪һжô
Ҫ֪ڼƣܹﵽԪӤڵĸ֣ǧ򶼲ЩɢĽǽ䣬ܹһǲƽ˴ˡ
ôԪӤڸУֻв˾ʮܹͻƵڡ
ǾĴڸֶǻ㱬ըһźȻܹΪ֮磬ݱ硣
ôһĲŻ޵ľţܹڻ㱬ըγǿյӣȻ󾭹ݱ䣬Żôһ½Ż
ܹ֮ɽҪһˡ
ԭǰǣ
˼ҾֱŪ˳ԭʼ棬찡ʵ̫ƽˣ
Ű
ιιǰû°ɣʵ
Ŵ𾪵УĽʺѹ
û£û¡໰δ䣬һһϱ֮ϸľ޴ӿ¡
ã⶯ŭˣߣٲ߾ˣɫ䣬ߴϿߡ
ȴб۾һգղǵ޴һ˵ôǸôŪôƣ
೹ˣԼôı֣ȻǾԼԹˣ
ǰ˵нôžǰɣҲô̯࣬Ľװɣ
ĳ嶯ˣ츳ŪôĶҪ⣬ɴֱӾͰˣ
߰ɣˡڱߣǽѣн׵ġҪ㻹ĥ䣬Ҫĳ˵
ӡ֤Ļ£ǳͺĩһ㡣
һ£ҲٶͣˡһչΣѾǧɸ߿յУ¶ԶڵʵǺð˲䵽ﰡ
뵽Ӵ˾Ҫ磬зһࡣΪ֮ѪĴ½Ҫ뿪ˡܹοǣܹԤķչ﷢չ統еҲ˻øǿ
ˣˣ
ˣѣ
ˣƬȰ
Ĳһ۽ǣһԾ˳Ӧ⣬뵽ǿ֮У׸硣
翵ǿУ·һʱΧǹ½ĳͬɫΧĪ⡣߷·˺Хһɳۡ
Ҳ֪˶ãߵĺХֹͣˣ½ɫҲʧˣվһɳĵط
ɣѵ磿
˵絽ʻôôһ
˰죬ôҲϽʵϾһʱɲӰ
嶣塭
ζ̶ӣ̶Ӿζˣˡ
˻ôأ˭Ҳұ֤˻ʲôġ룬ԼطʲôϤ̫Ļ»뵽ΣС
¸Ҳ³çɲΪ¸Ҷȥȡ³çΪ
ޱȾʱɳĵƽϣѾһӰǰʿˣģһʮָߴշޡ
շ޵ϣװźܶĻ̶ӵĹģӦǸ̶ӡĶһ˵Ӧòʲôɵġ
뵽Ͷԭأ̶ӵĵ
̶ʱȻ뵽һ⣬ǾԼɲһˣǽ˺ܶӵˡͷ¶棬㲻þͻᱻͷ֪һ·׷ɱ治Ǻġ
ǣʩչԼһĿʮƽСһˡ
̶ǰʿ˷׷װγĳ˹
վסˣ׼ܰҪ
һһһҰΧһס·ߣȻһ㿿
ʶɨһ£һҲ͸Ľڵʵ࣬զզӾͺǶţĴһǺЦˡ
ʵԽͣԽõ鷳мƽѶԼΪʵȫȻװһµӣ˫ֱͷ߶ͣԭء
ʲôģһӵļһһߴȣһΧתתѲ顣
ҲмڸļһһƽϣһǰͺñǸɽ֮ɰ˼ƽϣʧݡ
һһ˫۵ļһˣʲôģٲ˵Ͱ㵱ϸˣ
ϸ
￪ʼˣʿɲõģ̶ӣʲ֣ǶԷھĽƣŻĴ
λĪ֣Ҿһ·ˣǼϸأԾװɵˡ
˰Ҳûѵʲôһ˵ôģǸʲôûСôĳžͲֵǮĶһٵˣ㲻Ʋְⲻô
ıҭˣ͵ǿԹ·ûṩˮһǿһ߼
οѵһﻯװ̶ӵǿǻǿȻǿǲõġ
ɿתӵʱһ𣺡ô£ô뿪飿
˳ȥһа˳ߵľ׳󺺴շ޵Ķ߳Լ߿
һϴһϸǸء
һ뺷üĿͳһĺ˿ȥǻ˵ĸо̽һ£λϴʵҲڽ۷żϣǿԡ
ϴ󿴿ˣְ۾תϣͻȻϴұһӣȭͷؿڴ
ɲǼ䣬жϳԷ̽ϴһȭٶȼ죬ͷҲͣԷȻûԼʵӦԼķӦȻȷԼݡ
뵽Ҳûܣûһ¡ȵԷȭͷմԼؿں󣬾һŵɡ
ڵϺװŴֵɱɱˣ
ϴЦóǶĳС
Сӣ£ս֮վúûص⣬Ҳɱ㣬кô㡣սˬЦ


1090 
ŪսսվСս˵ˣʲô
ʲô֣ôģҪȥʲôսĺܺʵ
һ˵ǣشˣҽСͱһͷͷԺҾԼˡ˭֪߽⾻ɳӵĹط·ǡˣѾûԷˣкãҵԵİɡ
ɲ磬Σжͷڿ˼ѰԼԼֶ֣ãΪӻĿү֪ģԾ֡

սһЦааҪԵģ㻹Ҷˡү͸óԵġ
˵ţһĳ
ˣӦþǸԴ彬ĴŰɣԵҲ֣ܶӣ˾͹ˣ߰ɣۻ£ǧˡս鵹Ǻܸɴ࣬˵Ͼתص˶鵱С
ЦǰɣԺ͸ˡֻҪԹ˵гԵģƯ椰
Բʲô飡
жϣҲװɵЦһߵ˶鵱С
СܣȻҪˣ֪ôǡ
ĭҷɣ˰ҲûîϣЩˡ
ˣ𶯣ɳӣҸһ¡Ć£һ͵Ľǰ
˵УҲûзǰȻоСܵޱȵĸоɲǼԼ˼ά뵽˶Է۾֮С
˿ٵأеֶȫһոµ̨ףʹÿҲоȴǰֿЧ
ԺеϢգۼͱȫ飬ԺһƵĺۼֻҪĳְʾҪ
Ŀһشı仯ҲЩСϲ
ļУ֪Լĵطܵͼ򣬽ؿǣкԭʼ˵磬Ҳͱܹôһˮƽ
Ҫȥ֮˾סǻǳңԶҪȥֻõؿϵǼʳʹ
ڸͲ߱Ϊڵؿϣ˼ΪҵսͼȺԾһЩСȺΪչһĴս
ⳡսѾ꣬˫ͶıѾﵽ˶壬нıǰߣеȺȫûǰ̣ҲںΪǰĴսṩʹӦ
ͼ˭Ҳκβ˭ڿ˼ѰһпϵװսЩˣʵϾХɽֵˣڶջ£Ͷ˶壬ΪĴЧ
һս񣬾ǻһЩװǰߣʹá
ɵÿЦѣκεĵطֻҪͻսͼսǰңʵĴ󶼱Ϥƻֻܿԭʼ˲ܹɡ
Ͷ·߲ǾΪõ·ܱԷɧƻѣѡ˻Įе·͡
Ҳ֮٣ĮжȻ·߼ѣΧһ࣬жԷϮţҲܾ緢־紦
еҵǣؿϵǼʴʹûбƻҲǼʴʹĹģһ򻵣޸ɾˡ
ǵؿϵıߣ˭ͨ󵽱ǲѡ˵Ҫٱ͵øٱ꣬ۡ
ص棬ҲǶͼսһԭ
ؿϵĴʹҪǧ˹ͬҪʱ²ܹҪôʹ뿪ؿǵ뷨Ҫһʱˡ
ؿϵĴսˣﻹô˲ôʱ乩
ʱȲ˳ʱжǵѡ
͵ˣ硱ţ˭Ҳע⵽仯֮ӡ
Ȼ֪ԼѾסˣúܣʶҪϿΣ֪ģоԼĵòСܲһֿ־УֻðնԴͬȵ˶Դ
ֻҪʵæҲȥһЩۻ
նн·ߣ죬ܹ߳ƬĮУִܵǰߣĹҲ͸һˡ
ԽԽĮıԵľҲɢ˺ܶࡣΪĮıԵǶĳУԼ˵ĵ̣ǲǵڵݼһô
еʿ߳ҲУ·еʱҸŮһ֡ڵѪ˵Ժ־ֱӵ
ڶɫڵʱĿԶֻĮܱѾǵֲԶԼԼܹӵĽĵ˻ĮıԵˡ
ǣܹĮˣϸ㣬ǾͿԺúһˡƣǣԹܹǧɱ˾һֻŻûĮǣҪս״̬һС
֪ģԺ֪˵⻰˾֧ͳ죬˵ϴ
սĸ棬Ǹո̤ԪӤڵĸ֡˵ʵڲզأҪһ֧˶жߵΪô
ܹϴһʵ㹻һ棬һҲ˵˼ⷬȻջ˼òϣڹʿǺкôġ
פ˰ٶ˰װշΧģİڳ˷ͣ췹
˼нѾˡ
ϴ󣬹˽ҪĮˣʲô뷨ôûһΪŵĮǾ͸ֿ辶ܲ뿪ؿǡٱʱ򣬶еһʶˣ˵˵Ҳһʽɡ
˷ܵϵܣʲô㣿ŻûĮĴаɣ˵ðҪĶУʱҰ֪ǶôҸ
ô˵ЩˡʲôˣֻҪӴˣƶĹᵭֻҪԷرᣬһֽһĸо
ǺãʱҾ͸㣬úһ¡ţҪ˵Щģȴеġ
ϵܣ˵Į㻹Ŀءٳʱҿ˵峤飬ĮοͲӣʱܹ˵еŮ
ϣ¶˼ı飬ӣͺ޾һ
ЩЦˣϴעһ󣬹Ӷˡ
ϲм˵ӣ֪ɶǿǺųƶ飬˵θͼĴսΪͼ鲻ɶ߳ŭġ


1091 Įҹ
ֱۣԭⶫŮ˵רҲУֻҪ˾ͻа԰
ȷǣеʱ򣬾Ե˻ΪŮ˶һսɾÿսΪŮİ
ͼյҲԺеϣ쳣ΪĴսһŮʲôϵ
֪һУܰɫ֮ĶսϵϣС
Ͻѻ⳶ҪȻ֪ôءĴ³иôǾ޾ҲÿԼ˵ʲô˵ʲôúܡ
һ͵˳Էĵ㣬԰ִһѲʱκҸطϢˡ
ĵؽ磬ԼôӦǲµġ
еʱԽܳµĵطͳ¶
ûҹͱһɳɳˡ
Ͻˣ˯ˣ
һΧɵֵôвǲǳԱ˳ŵļ˯˯Ժˣô鰡
ϼɳɳԽԽ󣬵Ҳȥ˵ȥһѰסҪȴԼϵ־һɽһʹ̵޷Ų֡
ֲԼЩСӣԭСӵľȻô
Ѱ˼ţһְֻ㵽˰͵͵۲档ʱҲ˹ŵϽסԼ͡
͡
һ󣬾ٵ˷İ
ʱң
ұţں÷ͣװ治֧ϴ黹Ĳҡ
˰ϰķԸ׷ȡں˷͡
ǣ˰ںͺӰӶûпô
ô˭ʧϿ챨û¶棬ȵ
һһ
ϴֹˣؿڵλϸС˺ۣ֪ʲô˵ġ
ֵܹˣҲؿ˿ڣ֪ʲôԭɵġ

һͨȥˣûߣȫܹжʮڷ
СģСķֻҪֵͺˡ
˶ȥ׼ҲҪӰ׼ȴһסˡ
¹£֧ܱߺȻһɳ¡𣬽ţһĶɳ¶˳
ⶫϵõģУһؾⶫصģ棡
û뵽ɳԳޣֵİⶫɸ̵ӡǷཱུһŻµĸо
ʱֻһ棬ڶܣȻ¼ٸĵĶ
߸չԼ壬һ죬һɳ֧ɳٶ죬ðں÷͵ʿûܡ
һһĲҽУ˵¡
ӻҲЩˣԼĶз
ݵһ汻켤ѪģؿȻҲ磬ǵеˮƽˮƽࡣ
ΪؿͶ˴ڵԭɡ
Чǲģһ汻˱װҺ״̬ۿžһѡ
ЦһȺ͵ȼĳӰˣҲǣ˶ǣʲôã
ȴ쳣أΪһͳ󲿶ӵͳ˧о治ô򵥡
ҪٳװڻĮаἫ󷢻ص㣬֧û̫õ·ߡ
Ѿ˻ĮıԵҾĮǺܽˣѵԷӽˮˣȡһԲϳĵط
ӶԷԷָԱԲһԽˡ϶ͼıġ
һʮв˵ҶҪĻ͸ҡ
ʱһΪ˵ʱ̫רעˣڰԼڵȫ¶ĸоУָɽֹĸоҪǿңǼֱԼһƬС
ָоһţΪԼҲ쵽˲ԣ͸ϽסԼơʹλԴԼǲΡ
֧һɳг˶ݵû೤ʱ䣬ƽɳͺǿһǾɳ
ŵɫףʶ߿ȥ
ҪҾãԷҪǵļ򣬰ο
䣬һɳȻһ¶˶ĵķཱུ壬ᶼˣָкüٵ˵⻹Ҫǵ
ʱ͸ƶԷͼıˡΪЩĹģɳͻȻϮĻ֧ͷʣ£αеĵطأ
кǣװҪˣ·Įǵķˣ
ǵģȴǸоЩŤΪԷ̫죬ߵķӦȴ̫
ͷ֯һ𣬶ͳ˧˵ܵľֳ֣ı
ǿĿ·£֧װɾͻİΧ˳ɣЩ˳ΧȦûӣһѷһĮǵķܣܵĲûʲô
УһܣһͷųʶУԸоԶĵطӰһʮˡ
Щ˾ΪʵԪӤڳڣǰ벽ԪӤڵĸ֡
е𾪵ǣЩ˵һոտһĸ֣ô೬ֲĸ־ΪϮһ֧װ˶飬Ҳŵġ
ɻУһ·񱼡
ʱʱ󿴣е㻹ӰܰҪûˣʲôܰ
еˣĴ³Ϊˣ͵ĳ࣬ΣʱðŷһѵΪȷʵ˸ж
ʵжӦ첽϶飬⵲벻ڷ
ܰôıڲǸǸԼ㶮ֻҪȱܵÿ죬ܰѱ˦۲ͻô
Ļжһ£оúЦ̲סЦŵ٩㻹ҸʲôԼǸ㣿
ҪƿڴˣǸӣҪĥĥû˹ʱɱҲˡ
ȴǹЦģû˻ǵģܵһҲԲΣյġǵС԰ȫҲҸҴģ


1092 Įǵı
һٲ˵ΪԼѾ御ˣȿ񱼡
˭֪Զľ룬Ŭ겻ɢһθ
˰ٶһ·ܣڰҹʮ־ܳ˻ĮıԵΣѹ£Щ˸ûͣ˼ǰɱ
ǰܳʮٽʱ֣ԶԶһΡĳСӦþĮˣȻԺһ뷨Щֲĸһ֧飬ǲǾأ
пܣ
ΪĿ꣬һоͽ͵ͨˣ
ҹɫϮһ֧ҵӣԼĳп£Ȼ׷ҾһǣǸĲԡ
Ҫ֪սʱʱ򣬳еرûǳϸİͨ;뵽䱸ɭϵĵ˳УǷǳѵġʶ̲飬ͱɻءȡֶΣǾġ
ڣͨܵʿǣһܺõĻᣬΪǵʱкܴɧңᣬûġ
׷ȻΪܸߣΪǱ³ǳصĿĹģӦսĿĵġĿʲôͲùҲˣؿǸԼ˸Ӵţĸʲô
䣬ѾĮ£һô˵ϽһԼߵķһݡ
óԼϵƣչʾĮȻ˵ԼĴԼȥ
ҵϽ㱨棬һĮǵĳŴˣһӵܵĮ
ĵĻʮصעŽǣȴһֱ
ԤĲ࣬Щ˼һЩװϣǽǵʱĸ˺棬һ뵽ĮС
һжô޷죬ҲôһУԼҪһ뿪˭ʲôıƣһж޹ˡ
Ҳ㻹û¿Ҫ뿪ʱ֪ʲôʱߣҲãѲӦúúֺֺˡ֪õطߣҴȥ档
һ㶮õ飬Ǳ˭ҪǲͲˡ
ЦŵҪȥˣ㻹ԼȥɡˣĮǿ»оޱ䣬ԼǧСġ
ںӣЩӵĸģϣ׾ˣѰɡ
һ㶣治⻰ʲô˼һףסĸ첲
㲻ǸӣǸɣôģⱲҪǲ֪ŮʲôζֱͰ׻ˣˣ˵ɡ
˵ţߡܾȴȻмٿɵеߡ
⼸ˣ·ʯκɽһᶨǲʶ̽飬ܹ϶һĸ֣
ͨʿǵװȴͨʿȻȻЩظ֣
뵽Ͻһ֣ٶ˸һͬ
ȴϤĸоˣԷץԼӥץСһݲַ
ϣû⿴ųųһ£˼ȥȥϣ
üͷղ߾ˣƫƫΪһͣһһʱ䣬Ȼ˼ϡ
컹ûڼϣղҡҪʱߣǳעĿġ
뵽ȥˡ
ڶУһٴ˵ͷ˵ٺᣬΪڰ벽ԪӤڣӦĮǵĸ߼죡
ɤ˵ֵǣȫһ£ȥ˧һˣЭͬΣ֮һ¹
һֳܹӵˡϷ˱ԹҲ߷߲ƽ
ôģò׼ôҹȥò˻ˣ
Թ鱧ԹɲǿЦģ޾ɸ˼ȫ󣬿ʼĮǵߡ
Ȼ֣мӰ˼ȫ⼸ӰǼ֡
ȫ⣡ɲǼ䣬˶Է⡣
ȫǶǽ״̬ҪǵߣһһעģôߣʵģҲ˵˭Ҳỳˡ
Ƿ֮ԶһЩû뵽ԼȴһǷԽԽˡ
Ŀ֮£ҲûĻᣬֻܸŶһǰߡ
ȻͬԤϵһǰߣ˲ٵѲ߶ӣǼȫһӴ˧Ļö֮˴ص̲顣
ɫѾˣ֧нĮģ˭ܹԶûʵĴ˧ˡ
վסʲôģһսǴȻӿʮʿǸšüĿס˵ȥ·
ȫǺЦҰҾܵϮҹӻĮǣҰ˶ˣһ˧㱨飬һҲǸ˧ӻֵǣǹȥ
Уסȥ·ʿն˵˧κ˲ÿ˧ΥնѾˣ˧ϾҪˣ򽫾ʲô飬ǵȴ˧֮˵ɡ
ȫɫһ䣬΢΢ԱߵһˣظеһԱ΢΢ףȫһɫ
ߣش飡ΪĮǴ󽫣˧㱨˾飬ǸôȫȻӲˡ
ְڣ򽫾¡ϴЩߣҪȻ˧ľɲǿЦģ
Įǵ˧Щµģнֹһ˧ĻʡʿϣȫԿͳʵġ
ѵôȫڿǲȴֻӲͷƤӲͦ
ˣȻͱҲˣֵǣ׼˵ĽкͼΧĽϣðʿЩʿͳͳһҪӡ
ȫһʱ亹ˣû뵽ôܵļƻ˴鷳
ȻһӰȫߵǸգۼ͵˵Ǹ˵ǰֻһ֣ͰץסȻһѾ˵˰뱧ڻ
һĶ̱ʿͷ֮˵˷±Դͻᱻһ
ʣڳľ˶ﲻѡƾڲСת˲ʾͱˣ
ϮϮסʿûԼǴʾźš
Ǹû뵽ס˻η߳ŭ֮£һ½ˡ˭֪Ķ̱£ȴоһᣬ̱Ȼ˵ϣ
УְأӵǾʸȥģ
˸ûֱӵĹϵˣҲΪ˳֡
ǸҪֵʱۼ̫Զһָ絯ȥ˵ţǸְصʿ


1093 ŮǵĻ
̶̵ʱ·شı仯ΪʿʾΧʿ׷׸ߺʱ䣬Įʾ쳹ȫǣ
֣ΪͬǸֵûзżʾĮһţҵĽŲдӵ߸
Ǹ쳣ŭĶ̱ĪˣŭաҪһʿȴȻһ󾢷ϮһźںĶֱԼԴ
תһȭӭϣһһʯͷ˷ĩ
ŵȶˣΪۿèһʯͷǸ֡ﲻɵİӣ治֪ô˼һǲģ㻹ʯͷ˼ңⲻô
ؼһעеǸɱûʲôˡҪǣвٵʯͷӲǻʯͷ˼Ұɣ
ɶɶһ֣ʯͷǸ֡ͼǸָ첲ϱݺУʹһ֣ƵǸʿȻˣ
Ǹ֪ҪǱʿˣԭڽϵ̼ͻżǿҪİ
ڣִһڣͬеļһȥǰ˽ֶԸЩ֡Щж쳣ѸݣһʱͰЩʿȫ䡣
԰Щ˵Ķȥˣ֣⻹ظеһ֣м˲УǸһĸָǲڴС
ôɶأӲҪˣܰһʱӦˣʱ
ղ̫ͶˣôһһйԼʲô°Ǹʿˣʣµͱˡ
ǣķչԶ˵־ΪתƵģ̶̵ʱĮĴٸΧ˸ˮйͨ
ɥ˵Ǹɥǣ׼ûãúõԼ˾͵£ǵý㣬˼Ұ˽ˡؿɺãܶܲˡ
ļ˵ɧˣΪ뿪̫ƽˣǿǸǸȫһģĮǳô飬ƱػȫǽϣܵĶȥʱץǻҲ˵塣
һ룬ô£ɵÿɥ˵ôĲǸɥǣǸѻ죬˵ܻд£˵ˣͲ˵õô
֪ĲүǣǾԲкϵģҪǹϵĻۣɱǼضΪǽѵģΪһ۹˵֮ԵĲġ
˵ѻ죿˵仰ˣǺõģҪɵøҡ
һôһĻҲףʹһ㣬Ȼ˵ͷ
΢΢һЦȺܼĵطȫΪԼʲôµģͲͬˣҪҷɵĻһġ
գۼ䣬¸ĲӾͰѹһСĿռ
һϷľе͵ض£ɱۣ
һں֮ڣﻹʲô־׷ӵľе˫ֱͷ׵˵ϡ
ȺУͼȫ˻ʮûж¡
ȫô£ѵ㲻ôǸ
ʱµǸʿܹԽһ
ŭȫıµ㻹븺翹ô
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ǮûҪָʿǰȴȻɭɭҪҶ˭ҶϾ
̧ͷһʮһſ˱סˡ
˧Ǯɵûһɫʱɷס
ˣЩص·һ·Ǹߣһ͵͵ȥ˧ʵʩж
˽ļȫṩ鱨һ·Ӧúҵ˧ңһ·һһĸ֣͸ʧ֣
һͳ˧ǳ֮ᣬֻжʮͷӣȳƣĿӢΪڰ벽ԪӤ֮ϣΪҲܲˡֻϧʵ̫ǿˡ
һһһ۾崺ŮʤѩħһģüĿҹеһ
ң֣ǮΪĮͳ˧ɱˣǸСӵҲӲʣȻݵ֣ȴǲ
ٺٺ٣ɲô˵ѵǾͲīǸϻ쵰ôֻôһһŮҪ治µĻ֣ܶǸһɭɭЦ
Ǯʱ޴룬ͳ˧µȻǲǸ˵Ҳû峤īôһһŮҪıɱˣӰ쵽Ŀɲһһص鰡
Ӱ쵽Ⱥľʿ˵峤̳˹ˣǿɻӰ쵽ȺĳԶ
ī֮԰ѶӷĮķǰ߳У±ţֲ̫Σգ˭֪˾Ȼ׼˻һӰѴ˧סأ
ȫЦǮѵûô¾еϿͶȻ޽ɾûˣ
ޣͽ峤ɽһֱ㣬ôı峤Ǯ˫ĿҪɳˣȫ
ࣿޣϹҪҸѣһֱΪ̣ѪҶĿõġǣҼҪ޸ңϹǲͬ⣡ҾҪΪԼĻӹۣ
Ĳͷ˰죬ŮǵĻ
òŮˣĻ죬ȻͶˣڶ׵˷ζˡֲòϣ׵ڣڽ޾ʷУһδݡ
޽ȵȫһ㵱ֵܿ㾹ȻΪôһС¶Ѷ塣ѵͲ¶ôͽôͷģӦúɣ
ȫˣϵı鼫Ϊʣһһģȫ¶ɫݺЦ޽ںҪĵԼɣͼǱѾ˵ˣøҡӲûκε壬ͶѪ岽
ȫΪжһ̰ôĶţÿһ˶ҪΪԼȺϧ׳ԼѪΪһԱΪǮʲôɱ
еĶʿ޽ĻȾˣǮ᳤ΡΡսеĶʿ˳ޣסľеֻҪǮս£ǾֻѪ˵
ȻЩŤͷһʯͷ
һ£С˵ֵܣ簡үвͲ


1094 ԲԲ
ǮѾ¶˾ģƴһҲҪеĵ޽ĻûÿһжҪΪȺ׳Ѫ׼
ȻǮҪ´ڶĴ׼ƴʱ򣬴ӶŵȺȻһλ
ſǸŮ߸߰ͷ­ѺǸ˽е
һɤӣеȫסˣ
˭ʲôſǸŮ
ҲǳһӢ۾ͷɣ
ΣǸһֹЦǺջˮ˻ΪɫѣҲΪɫϧǺôһϷȫ˸Ůˡ
ȫҲûϵа˱ôһλһֵĻԺ󣬼ȫŭɶòļһҲ⣿
뵽ȫһƯĻڽߣЦҪӢ۾ǿҪĴ۰
ɱˣı˴۾ۼȫȻһͷһףڳһӡ
ȫһȭ֪ߵغļһû뵽ԼһȭȻ߿աЩȻʱȻýϴһʹȴԭȥʵʯͷ˼ȫĽ档

ȫһҽУ̱ȥõоåʽȴԼ
һ£ѾѼȫֻŸˡ
͵ŰմѾģߥ˶º֣ӸƴˣǸ飬ûУſǸŮ
Ż£һ֣ʯͷѺǸ֡
ľٶһĳЦܹƯڰյĸʯͷҲӽˮ˲Żɵ顣
ǿʯͷҲǸ֡ڸֵʯͷСϷǿѡӵġʯͷķйУһôƯɧĻ⡣
ѺĸһЦһȭҪʯͷĩǣȭͷӴͷʱ򣬸о˲ԡ
ΪʯͷڽӴȭͷһ˲䣬ȻŷһɼΪԵ
ʯͷʱһڿܹʮĳڣôһǸһĸҲû
ѺǸ֣ȴǵùˣ͸оһ޼᲻ݵ˲ԼȭͷӵԼⲿ֡
ǡ
һֲĶ˴⵽ָĹȫѣ
أ
˷˳޷˻Լĸ첲еû˿ƣ˲䡣
һԾȥſ˫۾Ͱ˻
еȫɵˣıʶ˵Ǽֱǳļޣ컹ıˣ
ŻЦСãû°ɣ
ѹô󣬻ûиôܵĽӴһʱ潿ߣСѪ
㣬㡭ſҰڿˣ鳲һٯټҲᱻڻ
һˣȻҲᱻڻ
ǺǺǣСãǸռıˣΧ̫ΣˣҪǰ£ɾΣӴ
һܣͬ˵ģֻţΣհ
ܾܲҸ簡һ棬۾¶˴Ͼɫǿˮ˫ͫһ峺
һүǣԼ˧Ȼٳˣ˵ȥ˵ˡ㲻һҪ˱ģҪ˵ģô
ôҲû뵽Ȼ˵ĻܾĻЩа˵˼㻹û粵
ȻһֵĿܡ
ôСãʲôôЦ
磬ΧǻˡΧЩڵϵĸΧ鼱֮£Ĺ硣
£и˭Ҳ˺㣡֪ǰǸɶôģֻҪʯͷ֣¹ܶ׵ᱻƽ
˵ţҲɿһʯͷΧĸֱʯͷУһʱϹǺġ
ʱǸһĸڸоˡСӾԲײ˼ˣһԵĸ֡
һ뵽Ǹ֣û̫ߣΪͶȡɣ䲻ȡЧ
뵽һһֱԴȥ
žž
ʯͷȻɳһ鱼һ֣һ˿ס޽Ǹ֡һȭʯͷȴȻ裬ľһֶΣյж
ʯͷʮΣգ
жϣȻڰв㣬ȴʯͷٶ죬ۿžҪ壬һһȴоʯͷ洫һɽ
飡ʯͷ˲飬һָоԼ־Ǳӳһʹ
дһҽУһʯͷ˿޽ˣ˳ʹ֣޽˿ƣ
һֺ˾ϣ˰գȵϿ쳷
˵꣬һ̷ܣҲԼͬˡ
ץڣ޽Ӱ£ԼĲж
Щܹģ˰ղֻߣЩܵģҧ˲Ķҩ̼ʿΨһջץסѾз˵ļȫ
λ̨־ãлסġܲܰ÷£
޽´ֳǰʮֹ˵
Űŵ˵ϣŻЦ˵СãûΣˣˣסԺҪŻ˰
תͷ޽ûôõ̬ˣҲüʲô飬ƽװɣҪõؿǵǼʴ󵽱ֻҪһ㣬ǾˣΣ
޽ôҲû뵽һﾹȻôһо˼ұϾôҲ˼ҡ
ɶԷҪ󣬻㲻ˡ
λ̨鷳ʱӦˣɣ뵽˧סΣ
ҲŲȥǵطأúõĶܱץߣ˵ˣɽҰˣҲԸסݻĵطˣһԼҸطס°ɡ
˵ţתҪߡ
޽ҲϽе̨㲻ǼʴôҪҸһ£Ϣô㰡
ͷ˵ҵҾңҲˣİ취
޽Ҷ˵ֻĿԶߡһ˱Уվ˻ҶΪǿиȫıɣҪ̲ġ
һܵǰһָ˵磬ţ
ЩЦ¶ʵСܾһӱɴˡ
ʲôţҶԼˣΪһŮ˾Ȼô˴ܣ˵ǲеԲУ磬ǵһϵˣл˵
Դ˵磬ԲԲУˣܱһ¶ֵ㻹ôʱ䣬׬ˣôԲأֵ


1095 ţ
˵ôа˵ڲçӵԺǾ
ȻǲçӣؾĲçʵ̫ˣˣҲûб粵һЦݡ
磬磬Ҹˣβڵ㣬ź˵˼ϸ塣ģԲķ鷳һźģ磬Ұɡ
һβͣʱ͸ðβҡˡ
֪ԷʵҪԼԼҪٵһǿǾκһĹ˵ʵ޽ĸ֣а
ҪȥΪһЩԭǾԲܴġģ뿪ؿ֮ǰһ㰲źõġίᶨľܾ󣬵ˣбҪһѡ
Կޱȵʧģòһޱţ˼ҵСܻɣʧ֪֮
˵ĻúðԼȼϣƾղǼ֣˵仰ؿϵĴĸҲ
뵽ʱ˷ϸߣ磬Ҿ޸㵽뿪ؿ֮ǰһҪúźġ㲻ǲԸס˧ôҾ㵽һȥȥ
Ц㲻ҵ˲Żȥĵطɣҿûð
磬͸߰ɡ۾ϹҲǺܴС椱ڻﶼûκο͵ĶЩӹ֬׷۾ͱˡ˵ˣС椣ԱŮȤôӲϵĻθڣ
⻰̫ˣҲ֪˵ʲôʵĻ˵˵ʵĻˣܸܿɳûʵġ
ΪӦǿεģֶĮǺϤԾ͸ߡ
һ·ǰУߵĮǳбԵõһ֡õһ֣ûͣǼǰߣһֱߵһŵԺͣ
ԺŽգȥţſţĴүˣ
䣬Ժžʹˣһü۵Ļһ϶ʱЦݡ
ԭǺӸ簡ôСˣûҪ󰡡еģĳˡ
ôģĶôϻ㰡ǹˣСĵźţһ㣬˶ģѻԱһƣͷԺ
Ų߽ԺӣȻªʮ徻ڴĦ˵֪Լϲ徲ط
жűԺôԺﻹԺ䣬ſʵ
ûлشǶС˵ү׼徲ıԺмһס£Űʡס˴ҼҴү
Сһͷ˵Ӹ磬⣬е˰ɣסԺλѵϴ󣿡
ޣĹۣĹˣһλϴϴ󶼵ùţ˵ţ㣬˵޽ˣīˣϸ˵λүĮǶûɻң
⻰СƸ˵ɵˣ׵⽹ۡôе˵ζ˵ԣĵԭʼǿĹӵĶǾܵġ
СƲҵϽȰ˰ٺˣȻȥͨңϾˣ˭֪ǸòСӵʲôͷ
õϰһЩôףôҴīûãúúýѵһܻ𳵵ļһ
һ˳ļһܿʲôȣ
뵽õϰСȰˣԼǸϽȥĮǴ˧޽ͨ籨š
СƸϽȥһԺԺľޱȣҲ⣬Ъˡ
СߺЦô֪ľĵط
Ц磬Ҳܲ³ҴǰǸʲôġǸʱֵҲᵽסꡣǰ־ֺǵĵطʲôӰ˵ĶСɲͬǸĽܾݵ㣬˭ҲЩҵ顣
ףνʵϾһЩ˴˽ùϢĵطѹôľԭǴҹͬάİ
˵䣬СƽҪʲôҪĻϸṩʳ
ûʲôǲҲ¶ѾһҲûԷСưѷ
˸հںãһңеҲסˣҸ徲طúϢģȴ飬⻹˵ã
뵽վߵСԺԺдȵ˭ĺɥô
ͼõϰһȺ˽õϰ˵ӣҲСϿͻˣ˵Ӧúúź㣬Ŀǹ˰ȻҴʴʣȻ˵峤Сĵ㣬ţ˿Ļ˰
俴һõϰ壬һ±Ӳû˵ǿõϰˡȺУǰֻˣ޽ǮȺС
ˣҪʲôָ޽
õϰ岻ɵֻߣװ˰ɣҸ˧ô˵ǿ϶ǲ˵Ľడ
õϰӲ鷢ˣͼ޽ǰȭλֵܣʶôͷͨһ˵޽
ϴæһҹˣ׼Ϣ˵пûհĮǵͳ˧һûϴжţСܾжţ
޽ɫЦȻϢҾţʲôʱˣаݼ
һ˵㻹Щòϴû˯Ҿ͸ʰɣֻϴ㣬ǾҪ컯ˡ
˵꣬ݺõϰһۣȻݸ㱨ˡ
õϰһжྫˣԭΪǺúýѵһţƤû뵽Լȴǽѵţϡ
һӷݵ¶Դеɣϴ˵Լ㣬ֻ׼һ˽
޽һȭллȻһ߽Сݡ
Ǯһõϰ˵ƹģǹͣǧźˣҪиʲôĻ˵ˣǴ˧ﲻ֪ô
õϰἸҪˣʲôùΰô̯ôһλǲҪǣѾȻǣңСѲ
޽˷ݣһˡѾҸ˵飬Ҹǰʵڳ鲻޷Թл⣬¡
ڰֵ֮ͶѣһֱΪŲ־˲ϣȻı֤һ㣬ڶʲôģͲҪˡ


1096 ͽ
޽ΪȻΣȻ˲ͽԼΪһԪӤڵĸ֣֪Ϊɲ⡣
Ҫ֪޽ΪȻǵؿ϶ģҲһֵķˡ͵ϮԼȻͻȻϮȴǶʱ֮ھͿԼԼ͵Ϯ֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
ĸǰˣһȽϣɵӣ˭֪ζʲô
ĲˣǾĿһеʸġǰǫҲǲΪġ
뵽޽ǷҲɢˡ
޽ͻȻ뵽λɲϲԼһƺǰô
㲻ûϵôǫܲڰҸ߰ɣ޽Է̬ˡ
޽ǰƺˣУӷòãǰİ˸˰
޽ȴǺܴ󷽵ԼҸ£ǳ˵ǰҪʹǼʴ飬ҲҸ˵ˡҸ˵Ȼٶȫ֮ҲҪǰҪֻǰҪһЩʱ䡣
ԱûȤǼʴȴ˾
ǰ֮˵ҲҪˣ·ҳճ꣬ͽһɡˣʹǼʴʹҪһʱ䣬ʲô˼
޽ЦǰŶ磬ǣĶʮֲӣ˵
ʵؿǴ˴εȺսкܴһԭΪǼʴġؿ˵ȽԭʼҵȺԸһģʽ
˶ͼ֮⣬ȺҵȫάϵǼʴϡֻͨ̵ܹһô
ؿǵǼʴʮ⣬ΪǼʴҪʮϿֻضλý裬ܹ֤ǼʴЧ
طڶľڡڽڵʱ򣬶ûôۺĲ͸ؿϵȺܴܲһʹͬһǼʴ
ͿԸϵõǲɹġ
õ˴ȺӦǴҾͷ׷׹׳ԼĲͬ޽Ǽʴ
ͼǵؿȺϸӹȺռؿǵ֮ǱȺӰһֱԵؿǣǼʴ֮ԱǣҲûǼʴͶ
˭֪Ǽʴ֮󣬸˹ԴҲ˲׳иͼͥơ
ʱͼΣʶιǼʴһ뷨Ȼ⵽˶ĶȻܾ
ͼȻķһҧһڣʩչıƣСȺĲιͨǿ
ͼеĲιȻˣͼ˹߶ˣԼҪǼʴһĺô
˫Ϊ˶˼ҵͼȷѣռǼʴ󣬶һԷ̫ʾԷ
ʼʱ򣬻ֻǼǧ˵Сģս˺սĹģԽԽ󣬵ؿϵȺȫܵ˲뵽ⳡ֮У˭ֻӲͷƤⳡսеˡ
Ц˰죬Ǽʴ˼Ҹռ˰ӣǺûʲôհǼʴô˵Ӧǲİɣ
޽ɫһ죬ɫ磬ǶȡǼʴ־ǾᶯҡģȻʱѣţһġ
ǺǣһزʶҪ˹˫Ѿ˾ƣ˭Ҳκβ˭ĵزˡôгãؿϣܹһĸмҪʲôۣ⻹˵ô
һ޽亹ֱ޽òǰˣΪɲ⣬ͨһЩϸ֦ĩڣһ۾Ϳ͸˵ؿеľ棡
˾˭ǸʲôģɲѾˣĪܹǰ˵Ŀ£
磬˵Ķʵ飬ҸҲȷʵԸⲻϧһд۰սϣǱһֱռŵģΪͼ˲֪סһĴڣϳޣʹսƶת
ʲôȻ˫ĿһâȻ˸пסĴڣһѪĺøУԱ͵ͬڿһ
޽ʱеԼ·Ǳһɽѹסһŭ֮£չֳʵ޽˵޷󼰵ĸ߶ȡ
ʶԼʧ̬ϽջԼƣ޽Ÿоܹ
˵ϸôͽ顣ѵãȻƽ׽˸޽˵˻
飬Ҳڸ˾޴֪
ͼռǼʴڵ󣬶չ֮սͼվӽڽڰ˵ʱ򣬺Ȼʮֲֿ޾š
Щޣʮǿᣬвͬܵĳޡǵǿ£ĴҲڽڰˡ
һΪҪʧܵˣû뵽Щ޾ţͰǴǼʴһͲ׷ˡ
īע⣬ɳ˴ȥڻ󣬲֪ԷһĳԱս
ΪƵԱŲֻܷڴʹΧɽϣЩ޵ĹΧҲΧԲһķΧ֮ڡ
ҲΪԭ˫ͼĲӴ򲻹ĴĲӣֲ޾ŵĶ֣˫ֻܳд֣˭Ҳκβ˭
ߣԭǾ໥ݻٶԷ䲹ߣϣܹϿԷǲǣǿ֪ġôȥ꣬˭ᱻϿ壬ⲻֿôˣǻôֱͬھ
̾Ϣһûܱ֪սľ޴ƻˡ
޽Ҳ¶εɫ磬鲻ҺͼҸ֪ͼĸ߲Ҳ֪㿴ˣǾȻϧ۹ӶԸңҲ֪ȥҶҪһꡣ
ؿϵ飬ûȤܵģΪ֣ǶͼŻɵ顣岻ҲΪ棬ɼô
ԭǾֵġ˸ı䣬ԱȻǣˣ˵ʲôҪһܵġ
һվڶһɣҲ
һ£˵Ǽʴʲôλã
޽һ˽ϲ
Ȼû˵޽ȴǿһЩߡ޽ȷʵǵõ˸ī⣬Ҫú׽֡
ͨӴ޽źķ֣ʲôǲ䲻ȵģҪȰΪȺǼֱһѡ
εˣ˵ֻҪ¶һ˼˲ϧһдΪ֮ģʵԶǳһеĴڣ


1097 ɽ
޽׽һϸڣǾԼ˵ͼһԱޱŭı顣
ɽһѹУ޽óжϣǰ˸ѰĹϵôԽύȫҵˣ
޽ɫ˵磬ǼʴʵϾǶͼ彻սǰߡģҸѾ¶ģϧһд۶Ǽʴһôõ
˵ˣԵǰߣȥ˵
޽пϲԼжû˹ĵԼᵽͽ˼·չȥп֣ܳ
屻սҪϵԨˣԣеʴҪͣʵѾǲظˡ
ǣȴôһλţ˽£ӵĶ尡
뵽޽ϴ׼˵Ҫ͵ǰȥ
ܾ˰ųĽ飬޽ֻҪͬˣ˶ڡ
޽ֻǮĮͳ˧һְԼ·ֻһǰߡ
ǰߵ״ԤϣӸ߿ոӣ˫԰˰˫ȫ޽Եķ£˭Žйǿ϶޷ƶԷܵ÷
ϸһ룬ҲȻˡ˫̬ƣʵϾûˣٶ˶ţһĵǾǸ֣˵ǴϺüˣûԼĺ󷽱Ѿǲˡ
ݵб󷽣һİɽȣɽʮҵ۾ʵǼʴλðɣ
޽֣˵磬ǰǼʴԵȣףɸֹһȥ鿴һ¡
ȻˣԼȥˡ
˵ţһקһǼʴڵɽȡ
޽һϽ䵽棬ȥͨī֪ͬʱѾ䵽Ǽʴɽȹȿˡ
Ųߣ岻ϴ¡ɽȵߣԽߣɫԽŨ
ôôЦʵ
һ£Ͻͷ˵£ʲôϴߣûʲôµġ
԰ɣôݿȤ
ϴطеаŰ㿴ôҪĵطȻû˰أܾɭɭģͺ˫۾һֱһ˵ǼٵģⲻҲ¸ҵĸô
ţͶˡȻҾ㣬ֻҪӾУҿǶ˰
ϴҲ̫С˰ɣôҲǵѪˣ˵֮⣬ҲǼѪȵġǰǧϴ㣬ҲǸֱǰġ
ã㰡һҪһСޣɱ˵úʱȴʺֱ
ϴҲ̫Сˣҡ
˵ȻоһнɵĶϸֱĳ־޴ĽŲ
ɫʱɷףϴ㿪ЦɣСޣ
ͷҲЦûһСް
Ҫ˵ȴɽȵжȻһԾ۾̽˫۾кС࣬ɶߡ
찡ǶްϴҲ̫ܺˣҪСޣʲôǴްΪѶЩ׼һ˫۾ǰ;Լ˫ȶŲˡ
˫۾ǰ̽һĴԴ¶˳
һ޴ޣԴһɿխͷһһ˾ôĲ˼һ̵ģ
δһ㳯ǸȥҪΣգȴԼ˵˵ˡ
ֵʱǸһ죬ҧŵñ۾ϴôôдӳ޵ĵˡ
ʱһ͵͵Ŀ徻ˣûаû̳
ôˣ׳ŵۣǰ龰ŵһ
һʮɳޣߣͣ۾ҲˣͺǼһ㡣
ܲߣܵĻСһŤͷЦ
һҲ֪һҧһʹȻ˼ֲļһһ𣿲Ҳܱ
磬ô£ϵһָò˼飬ʵ
㱻ЦˣĳΪʶޡղһ֮䣬΢΢һܣ޶ʱͱ̺סˡ
ڱ˵ǷˣǻָҲҪʱ䣬ԲŻȻʶ޵뷨
ҲøͣԼɽȵȥ
أɽŨȻˣǰ·ľ룬ɽеһж۵ס
һΡǼʴɽȵУӡУǰǼʴǱȽԭʼˣͨеĴʦһ۾ܿǼʴʵЩġ
ĵطȻˡİĲզءӴǼʴеˡ
ȱ̫ˣϾһһȺСӭˣ׼ôŵ٩ζ˵
ʲôһһȺСޣСղſǼʶˣǰ޵еİھȻֻޣжһȺСޣжࣿ
ţĺˮʹϵεδˡ
OO@@ɽȼ䴫һ
װŵΧһŵһƨ˵ϡ
࣬Թˣ
Ϊɽȫʮɳľ޴ޣһ״ޣޣǧ򰡡
Сޣһڽǰ޵һĴڣھȻ㼯ô࣡ϴӦֵסɣ
뵽ϣĿͶϡأȴǱ֣ۿ졣
ϴϴǱΧˡ˵ʮᣬΪ˵Сޣһһգ۶ܰ˰
ͷǸ޻ûǲṥǵġһҲżʮֵȻĿա
òιȥܳΪô޵ͷ죬ǵǶôţĴڰڣҲֻܼϣϴˡ
Ȼعͷʵιֹʲôأ
˿ڿˮ˵ϴҸ͹ľءﲻͣ˵ϴ䣬ϴʤϴһܰƽһС˵͵شſǻ˵ϴһҪҰ
Ȼָ촽ϣһĶ


1098 
ʱ۾ɵԲСʵϴզ£ʲô⣿
Ц˵ˣ㲻뱻סǱ𷢳
ŵøϽסԼ죬ͨ죬Լ
ʱնȻһޱѹֵնʱɢɽСͼһ޴Ӱɽȣ
ʶһ̧ͷͼһչаɵľ޴״ޣɽϲ
еľ״ޣϵⶫֽĦΉи֣ʵֻԱӣûѪ
֧кԶѪԵϵһٸӲܴ򵽵ĹϵСʱ򣬶ΪޣֻΪܹô壬űǿΪĦΉ
ʵϣֻҪеѪĴڣǲĳԱġĦΉѪֻ˵һֶѡ
ĦΉ͵ɽ˫ǿ磬εõɳʯƣɽеȫݷĦΉǰ
޴࣬ҲǾôٸ̤ɽȣͰȫѵҵôĦΉʮּÿһֶһһ˵ĶĤϡ
ߣǰǱװΪƾָɽҰô̫߿ԼˣûѹЩôָӣкâ֣ĦΉͷһݣ
˵Ҿ壬Щ޳ңΪѪΪָӵôޣĦΉȻ˰˶ȣ˵
ζĦΉһۣ˵йѪ֧ûҲ֪ġĸУ嵱о͸ûһţչͿĨһЩѪҺӦĨԱѪҺɣ
ĦΉʱһ㣬㡭һɺԣҾģе޶ܹܵѪϵѹһǾԲɵģ
ߣӲӦ֪ڸðԱķŭǶôĲɳܰɣ
ĦΉ¶˾ֵɫǲµģһ巢оȻðĴڣǿ׷ɱĺҲҪɵİ
ȻĦΉ뵽һ⣬ǰô֪ô飿ĦΉʱг˼ɵ
ӳɣ㻹ûһС۶ĦΉһ˵
ɽжȻһĦΉɫ䣬ее޸ţ̳ǰȥ˸ˣ
ĦΉеȫ¶һѷ˹
ʱ̱ڵء

΢˫һԶƳĺз
ڿĲһһɢȥͺһˮͶһʯһ
һȻûǰȴǴݳһɲɵϡб޶ĵףҪΪʹĴ۵ġ
ѾĿﵽһµĸ߶ȡΣûпڵͷεܵȷĿƣ޳ֲ˺ޡ
ԶĦΉҲһûſ˵ϡ
ĺ󣬴ɽȵһߣҲһ೤ĺСˣԱĺǸͽڷǸط
ǡ
ɽڴҵĽŲ޽ߴ٣죬ϽȣǼʴ󣡡
һ֧ʮģĴ󲿶ӣɽȣޣʮҲϽڳ˷͡
磬û°ɣ޽ԶԶ
ֵû£Ҳú£Щǲ˺ǵġ
޽Žɣվòͣ£һʮ׳һ˹
˽ǰ޽ܵ磬ǼҸŴ;ָϿԮ
׳Ŀ΢΢һá
ڳߵǴҵġ
īϽ򲻿ɣС϶𰡡֪к뷨ֱˡ
һ˵˿סǼʴˣһеҪ
˵꣬ͷתĦΉߣ
ĦΉĸҸӣ͸ղһɤӣǴһѪĺУѪϵѹֱӴ㳹ʧȥ־˵ԷĥԼҲֻܸš
ЩĦΉϽͷʵġĦΉѡ񶼲ֻʣ¹Թһ;
ǺãȥԱĵطһῼǷһҪǸˣеĻٺ١
ĦΉϽ˵ҲңһķԸȥһжġ
ī踸Ӱź÷ˣǿҪǰһͬǰһ£ͬǸӵ
һ֣ĦΉ߸߷ǰ·еȫں棬ƺƵţĦΉǰн
ɽнʮһǰĦΉԴϺݺһңʱİ´ֳһ޴ɽ
ӽ뵽ɽȵķɽǰɽȫڿ˲γ
ɽﲼееɽмλãһ޴ĵصλá
͵صԲ۾˵⡣иҲǰֻԶԶĿš
һ¼򵥵ʶ֪ǹģȻӶԷʶжһϢߣ
ѵ
ʱ򣬺Ȼ˷ɳЩܼڰнݺᣬ֩һ
޽ӻʱסǱϣܹѳǣǣŤͷȵķ֣ܵļһȻҲס塣
ͶһΪͷ˶İ֣ץסˣһûгɾ͸а
ɽһˣһͷ˿Ц߳ǸĮν޽Ǹһ֡
ȻôɵֶԸǣ㻹ǵؿǵһ峤ôб°ҷ浶ǹƴһҪʤˣǶӴ˳ͼǰҪˣ͹Լȥ
ⲻ˼˰޽峤ôԿǻϵһ׽ˣ㶼ˣ䣬ԲаҪ˵ƴһҵ뵽һѡǾڴϻƴҲԸⰡ
׵øһЦӣ۾зţǸһ


1099 һŭ
޽ŭ˼㣬ʹȫϵȴԶֺ
һ˵޽Ƿɣ֪ϵǸʲôôרΪԱƵģĳԱס˵СˡǶеһУӽ쿪ʼҪͼˣá
Сˣ̫޳ˣˣôʰ㣡
޽Ķţҡͷ׻˵㰡ʱ˿ԽܻǷƿһеĸоͻԽ˷ܣ䷢йԼķŭѰ
ʱߵǸظһһ΢΢һʮֹӡ
˻˹ɨһī踸ӺȻĿⶢϡ
СӣʵǿʲôͷؿϣǾûĸֵġңؿϵǼʴѾδˣĸǲģؿϵĸ־ûҲ֪ģǲǴģ
һȫһ
Ҫ֪ǶǵؿϵҲһ
ǵΪֻĻһЩһԪӤھһƿҪͻƿѶһҲС
һ󣬵ؿϽڵĸֱȽ϶࣬ԪӤںԪӤϵĸǡ
йľֵĴšֻҪܹģǾǲ˵Ĵʡ
ֻҪ׷ٵĸ֣伫£ύһʵ˵ĵط۶˭˵һֵصĳǿڡ
ѵòСӣȻǴĲ֣
Ц˵δ̫ˣҪ֪㴧˿ɲһܺõϰߡ
⻰ŨŨвζ
һ£ȻЦҪûס˵⻰һɵ㼸֣ڣס㻹ô˵ԼĴ˰ɣ
Աסİɣѵû뵽ôһ±˵
⻰˻һ£ڶԸһǴмﶼҪúõ
·ѡһǼǣһ֪Ļ٣ҲӦ֪֪Խ࣬ľԽɣ
ȻЦ֪Ϊʲô޷ͱסô
ȻȻһҪ⣬ԷʵǳǿģԸҲ޷֮Էûκζͱסеΰ
ԶԸžԵģЦһΪʲôûз⻹ֵô֮ˣڸǰ㻹ʲôпˣô
Ц֮ûзѸ˸ˡ¶ˣʲôͶýˡ
˵䣬Ѿʼڵڣοסʹÿ񱩵ܹܵĿ¿ɿͷţʹʱԼĪĺôġ
ͼɢŵŰ׹âһֲɽڲϼȻ䣬һŭ𣬸סĲ֣Ȼ۶ϣ
һŭɽرɫһŭ죡
׺棡
֮ܵĵ£ڵĿѾܹҪͷšʹһ֮ڿʹˡ
ŰɵķâУ˷Ǹظ֡һֻһĸ֣ǰЬķݶۼϮȻ޿ɶ㣬ɵֻбĿķݶ
Ȼ̾ȻǱĿ
˰죬ȴûиоĽ٣Ҳû屻˵ʹ׳ŵһеоȻԼһľ롣ȻԷδԼһ
һĹǰл˲ɱ֮ԸΪЧȮ֮͡
ھԵʵǰֻѡһ׳ҵȥһǸϽͷڴ˶ԣͷǵѡ
̧ͷҵ۾
벻Ҳ̧ͷһ۾ȴоԼʶȫ뵽һݽȥԽԽݵ
ˣѾԸΪЧˣŹҰɡѾ˵ȴʶԼˮ֮һݰ
飡
͸оԼʶл΢΢ըһ㣬оһʹ֮ϻָ
ԷȻǷԼһ·벻ҵͷ
ˣɡ˵
ĬĬīһۡ뵱Ȼ֪ʲô˼ϽѸȫ⿪ǸͽҲ
Ȼдһ֮ζ˳ŴζĵطȥѾ̱ڵأʺ
޽޺ǰȥҪ˰
īȵӣдڴˣô
ī赽˾ˣһϾ͸ԼͶȺλˣֻǰݷ˼ǰȻѡǾһԱ˵־¡
޽˸׵˼ϽʩˡСһʱ³çԭ¡
Ц㲻ǽҴôƺȽϺãаɡȻѾѡ˳֣ǾҪڵؿһΪϿ뿪ȥҪ飬鷢չһǾͰһа˵ɡ
Ȼǰ£ǾҪˣ˵ô󣬿ԻһУȴǲܹһС޽Ӣ²ҲǿԷֵġ
Ȼ뷨Ǿ޽ԼмΪԼ£
޽ʱɵˣ˼ҿҽô
īͷϲóԼĶӺ⣬ֻҪô˵ǶˣؿǣҪˡ
뵽īʹɫȻָһĶ
޽ᣬ˫ϥ򵹴ϣСһݣͰѹϵˣӴԺ޽ͷͿһĴڵĹ⻷ˡ
Ц޽ضɡ𣬲ҪɱѺáʱȥ£ӣȺҵ
޽Ӧһͺ͸һʺİˡ
Щ֪룬ŵŵ˵ϡˣңҸʲô
֪֮ģԼϴѾǱĤݵˣԼ㣬¾ͻᱻĤݵȺûġʱҪϴɲ׵ˡ
Ц㲻˵ôǽϴɡȻûʵĻΣѵʱʱСܡƷʵġ
ƷѡѡƷʵ˵ģҪʵ̫ߣǲƷʲ˵ġ
ƷʺõûвܵˣȻãɰһЩȴǿԷĵġ


1100 ֮
ˣ㿰һõˣͬڵؿϲֵҪһ
ӣѵûԼôЦʵ
¶˲˼飺ϴҾһ¶׾ﳤģǸʱҶҽС֣һֱڣΪҳˣһͶҺӡϴҪְɣ
һȻ֪СͱСһζѵõǣһﱣеıʡ
뵽˵ðɣȻңҲǺӺСأ͸ҵգ֮ңΪ㽲ͽɡϣʱʱ̼̿ǵҸȡֵ壬Ҫʧ
ʱ᳤ɲһֵ⣬ϴԼİмΪصĽ
ϴһǵýĽ̻壬ҲһṼ˵Щˡ
壬ʾվһߣȻ˵ߣԲ鿴һʵôܻܲ
Ŀһ˵࣬ôѪҸҵĸоѪر𾫴ͺԶһѪһ
֪Ա˵ԼС£άѪϵ´ޱ˵ģҾԲֶͨλִѪҲӦ֪Ѫܹȡõġ
ͷҪ˵ȴȻ˫һʹȥ
󾪣Ͻ飬ֵһɼΪԵסڸϸһ£ɰԵʹüΪõһضʱʹȥɥʧеս
⾿˭ôǿֶΣ
ȻԶ֧ʵǳɹۣǿ̶ȱһǲɾһָͽ˵ֶοƵˡ
ԸӣʱܶھҲʱҪܵƲܹʹָ
뵽ȫȥԼڵһʮȰѵȫķԼ˵
룬ôģ۾ӥһ㶢ʵ
һĿ£ŵͨһ򵹣ˣҽͣ治Ūġ֪˭ҳְǳԱʵùֳͷʵ̫ˡҾ㳤һٸӣҲôɰ
ôͣһΪô
֪Էʵܹģͷˣⶫ˵ˣղʶﲻ˰ôôҲ
⵹ҲǣȷʵղʶһʶأΪʵҪΪԼֻҪĻ죬ʱɷˡ
ţɣ˵żڣͲʹˡ
Ҫ˵е档ǰڵؿǵһɽʱ򣬺Ȼʱѷ죬֪ӦʱճĳҶɵġ
׷ʲô顣ͨʱѷ׹䵽֮ϡ
ȵҵĿռָˣ׳ŵӹȥ鿴Ǹʱ򣬵ѾһϢˡ
˼飬ҲסڸޱȾᣬһõĻᣬסһԼʵڵؿϻ޵еˡ
֪ˣҲǷǳصġ˼ǰգԼŵĸѵסȻһĵطͼȿõֿԲˡ
ֱǰͼ峤ͺԹ˵ȥæ
νĹ˶һĸ˹ֹɲϼƷô򵥣Ҫɱڵĳ֣Ⱥ˶ҪΪһַշʽ
ڳʲô˵һӹľ÷ʽΪĤݵʱ򣬾ͻԹ˲һ֮ᱻգתĴ洢
֮ɷͬѰΪÿһ˵ĳĹתɵǳҷǳȶһ˵ܹӪߣſԱΪϵĸˡ
Ҳ顣
ô򵥣ΪˣҪûд󹦼ǻۣ˭Ĥ㣿ֻгʵ£ĪĹǲŻ㣬ŻΪṩ֮
ԣ뱻ͺ˵ˣܴŵΪͺ顣ҪõͲ²ġΪҲҪõֻ֮ڰаͼ塣
û뵽ͼ徹Ȼһֱֵڣ벻òԳ֣սˡ
˵֮סˣ֪֮ġڵؿǻʱҲûǣһֱҪϽ뿪طġ
ôһ˵˼
һ£˵оѪ֪ġͳҿԱʬҲΪɣ
ɫʱɷף⻰ɾԲǾ棬ʵʵпʵԼ飬ץ³
˾ңֱӾͶء
ûɱ㣬ʶһأȫ㣬ɣԸΪЧôЦ
ʱˮ֮ץסһһﻹб˼
СԸ׷ˣǣô˿ԥʾġ
ͷЦţáûУǸ壬ҪĹܼңԺ͸ɣڵؿϴ顣
ĸҲϽߵǰ֮£Ǹࡣ
ߣͼѾսôˣӦýˣЩңӦɣ赭д˵
֪Լĵһ飬Ϲάʵˣؿϵ͸Ĥݴ˲š
΢΢һЦȥҵī踸ӣԼĴ㶼˵һ顣
ī踸ӵ޶ʾ֧
⵹˵ûй͹һˡΪͼ巢սѾõؿ뵽ӽĵزˡʱ˭ҪܹսңǵؿǵĴǣܹҲӦ顣
Ҹͬ⣬ʹҸӻ룬һϰգֱȥͼ峤ͺ
ΪӪƣĦΉЩ޾Ÿһʱ䣬ϵ£Ŵӵͼפǰ档
ȵͼţðͺϽӭӴˣͼ彫նɱӴڵؿҲûͼȺ


1101 Թ
ƺƴݣɰͼʿŻˣǲҵϽȥͺͨ
ͺͱŵû겻塣ҲҲȥͺһ³ĺݳװѰͺˡ
ųͼĴҲǲһͺ룬Ǿ֡
Ǻ⣿
ʳָָͺȵͺΪһ֮˽Ȼ˸ĴսµؿͿ̿㻹֪ôѾָ㣬;֪㻹ϿҼҴ˵£
ͺˣֱͬһ㣬治֪˵ʲôˡ
һ֣üͷ˵˵밡ͷôĲ棬ǿǰǸúúýѵһˡ
뻮ʱѪڣϴôԼ˵ʲôҲҪϴ顣һͺϽݹ죬ˡ
˵꣬£˰ͺǰͼ˸ͺȴһƣͰЩ˸Ƴʮɡ
žһȥбüĿŰͺϹĻˣ㣬Ǹһˣ㲻ӾǲӣӾǲϴӣǲͼְ
ͺʱɵˣĿУǾһĴڣû뵽Ȼ˱ˣ˾Ȼ滹ϴöţ
˻öĥͺۼǸ壬ô׶񣬺úǰϽ£߶˵˱ǡ
ۼɫԻͺСʵȮӲһֱôȮӲ֪ôˣ
һͷʵϼһĶǲǽа𰡣
ͺһ岻ӣѣĶӣֻηηͷ
ߣˣ̯ˣ̯ϴˣȻϴŮԻ˵˸ô㣿
ͺһ궼ŷˣԼĶʲôɫȻ֪ǣСôͶ˵ϴŮ˲أ
λˣᣬᰡȮӾٴ󵨣ҲҶԴ˵ϴŮ֮İͺ޲ϰϹ˲ģɱ֮𲻹죬֮޳ƺ
᣿ҿǲײĲᰡǲȥ޽ˣǱϴˡ͸ղţǱӾȻҳԲѷϴŮˡôģҸϴŮˣǻˡ
һ嶼ô˵ˣ˵һҿ֤ȷʵǳԲѷ˵ŮҲҵǣͼ˶ģ
λһһͣɰͼŻˡͺĶͼĸ߲㣬֪ݣǿǵؿ϶˵ĴڰСһ˰£ϴϴ󣬸жôֲ
𻹵ϴϴŮˣһٻضް
ȴû뵽λֳҳҳϣɰ£󰡡
ţҪ˵ˡһ仰̹ȴ˵
Ӱ£ѰͺЦܾˡ°ë˵㣬ϣ㲻ýⰡ
ͺͷ̧Ͻ˵غʵС϶ʲôҪ󣬾ܿ˵С϶һΪЧ
Ц𾪣ɲѰģһЩġͶսؿǼ뵽֮УУӴ˲ΪΣ
ͺ;üһĿԼ͵һǸ廹룬ɫƶ
ͺŸϿսҪȻҲȥ޽ãĺˣʲôܴӦأ
һжͼ嶨ȻġͺҲܹ˼ҵʵǶأһɨƽͼ壬˵бݵļһء
֪Լ˱ĵʱˣҼҴˣȵؿͿ֮̿УõؿǴӴ֮ܵ࣬ӦܵĤݣǵؿе˶ӦùˣҲؿǴõĶݼˣ
˵ţһ£СôģһµӦңȫ˷ͷˡ
Ĺ£ī踸ҲŹ£һ̬ȣֳʵѾ㹻ܵؿĤˣ˼ҲȷʵǽսΣ£ܹľ룬Ǻô֮ġ
ͺƵ߶Ȼȡģڰһ뻹ҪˣҲûʲôͺҲǰ
Цȫս壬гϼﵽֳѵ
ؿϵȺȫԶͼΨհģ嶼ˣȺȻҲųˡȻûʶͳƽ˵ؿǵĴսҲֵó
Եؿǰ峤ϣԺؿǲ׼е֮£еؿһֺƽķʽвþ
ĲʽǳһԺԺɰеĸ峤ϳ˵ΣԱ䣬ɸȺԱĶٶ̶˵ͼȺ࣬뵽ԺҲͶ࣬෴ģͻ١
е飬뾭Ժ̶ִͬСʲô飬ûκɺͽڷս󣬶򣬾ͽܵȺ˹ͬɱ
ؿǸ峤Ϸ׷ױʾʵ̫ˣͿԱѪͻˡ
ۼͬԤ׳һԤǾǰԺҪǳַô졣ٽһලԺרŶ԰Ժ¹̽мලġ˰Ǿϳ֮˵ĳʸ
ලԺѡָֻЩ˽˲䵽ලԺ
ʲô˷ԼĵġۡóֻоͨⱾ˼˲ʸලԺ
˼ͳһҪܵؿĤǾ۵˼˼һ壬γһҹͬϿɵļֵۣǳ֮ơ
޽ǸᣬϾͬ뷨޽ڵؿ޽Թʹ֮á
峤˭Ҳɵ֪ǸõչԼȺĻᣬ׷׽ԣڸȺ޽һԹˣһҲ԰Ϊƹ۵ĺó
ʮ޽ı֣ûйԼ࣬޽ְˡֻҪ޽û飬ලԺԺһְӦ޽ˡ
Ϊ˷ֹɧҵ¼һսӵƣҪеȺҪˣ齨һӣиľҪӵĹϽͼ졣
ֻҪȺ죬ӿگ岿ӽַ
ӿǹӣȻҪεǾ


1102 ǵĺ
ҳ൫ıʵ֮ѡ븨塣İţԸؿǰ廹Ǵ´ġ
һа׵Ͳˣȫ鶼ȥˡ
ΨһеƵǣīףҪѶ
󾽣˵ŮӦ˵˲᲻ġһѾ˼ңһ棬ڵؿǾסҪĵطȥҪȢǾ͵ǰػѡ
ŮˣԭǿռУԱɵռСȢ֮һߣͲ֪ʲôʱǼȲεı֣Ȼǲġ
ī̬ȷǳ˵Ѿڴ֮ͥ˵ŮˣѰؿǣ˭Ȣ
˭ҪǳǸӣҲȺˡؿǵʱ̣ɵӰǿǰġ
ʵһ棬Ҫľǽ˵ؿϵսҡҪ֪ؿǵѾҪˣٴȥǾĴⰡһжˣǶλĤݵĴ˳˾⡣
ҴŮ˵⣿ڶܰѶ˼˸˺ˡ
һӾͰƵУô˵ѾıǩԼ˺ǩҲĸʵ˭Ҳı䲻˵ġ
ԼĽ飬Լһʱ䣬ֻҪܹ֮صؿǣһӭȢ֮ûлǾԼޡ
īҲұֻ̫ôӦĽ顣
ۿŵؿϵһжԼ뷨ʵ֣֪Լ뿪ʱҲˡ
뿪֮ǰҵǸסĵ˵ǴӵؿϵĿռѷģ֪벻ѣ벻Ϊʲôҵʵһ¡
Ľһ
յ˵ԼȷʵǴһռѷġ
һһԶƫ֧󲿷ֶؿǲԶһǵϡԶףҲǹǵġ
ΪߵúܽҲܵһ̶ȵżִѹҲз
Ϊʷ̫ƾˣʵҲǿżв鷢Ҳûʲôӡ
ֱǰһϵеΣһУܳһʱͻиƿڣʱһ£ΪһĳɳʮֻԻᵼһ巢չܺá
Ҫһ֧֧һ壬ǶȹμѵʱڡʹһиڣܹٶȻԻ
һأһЩ֧巢һЩòѺõۡ
˵ʲôһʵϹŶˣѾڵʱˣ¾ɸһӦ˳ʷ̨ˡ
һԴʮŭ˶㣬ҲЩʴʵ֧ûа취
ǽͣڿͷϵҲˣһʱ䣬Ȼ֧һڵһĵر鷢
һ޷裬͸֧չսһȻ֧Ϊڶ˲١
ʱһȺʵΪǿ߹һ壬ʹһʧܴ󡣲ƾǿʵͲ־һߣסԼء
η粨һԪˣֻסԼض޷֧ˡ
֮˱ʣⱾǸܺгͳһ֧ȴһѾû䣬ӦŻ
ʼʱеĳֻѵ⣬һЩҪ˵ĻԽԽ󣬵ĳʶˡ
Ϊкܶ඼Σ۵ĹĴߡԼСɽͷ飬׼۶Ȩ
µε峤ĵܵܣҲڳϼ֪ı峤һݽ⡣
һξĵı£ĳϷĸ֣Щͼ߸ȨĳԱһ򾡡
ڵٿȺ飬Ҫ洦Щı׳ʱͻȻһصĸִ롣
Եʵռʱ˺ͣӦܹЩµġ˭֪оȻҲͽڴҵʳԶҩʹõսȺص˸仨ˮ
󣬵Ⱥ£Щ׳ɵıȡǵĿȨǵȨվ·ҲҰѳǶɱ⣬ͰЩ⴦£Կƺֳ֧ǵԱ
ĳǱס󣬾ͱЩصסڸǾûκεķء
峤ȴһܼǾܰһԱ͵ʱѷСѡˣ峤ܼͳϣܹȡԮ
͵˵ؿϡ
ЩĶǣû뵽ӡнܶĤݵ壬һ徹Ȼ
һʱͻһƿڣ֪ġǣô˵壬һĵʵ̫ˣô˸Ұأ
ص֣ò̾ĻǴֱʰܰӵôƾʷŪϣǵĺһô򵥣
Ȼ˵ȻһѪǾ鷳ȥǽǵһ壬ڴйͬѪķϣʩԮ֡
붼˵㾡ܷģҵ飬㲻˵ֻҪϣ;Բ᲻ܵģˣ˵ô㴦һ°ɡ
˫۴ˡصסڷǳԵԽ⿪˲䱬ѣǺϣˡţҽа裬֮󣬿ҵǵˣ˵ȥģȻԱ㡣Ҹ硭
ûȰ˵ֹ꣬ס˰裬Űͷ­Цôۣԣڵĸ򿪡
˵ţѰȻקͨԵָһʱʺѪҺ˳⼸ѪӢԲɢһŨŨϢ
⼸Ѫȥ̲ͨصѪԼѪȻһסڵʱøѪͿԽ⿪ڸе
¶˸жɫΪľ棬ȴǷ·ת
ǣ迴ָѪȴȻɫ䣬飬ͺǿ˼Ϊֲһ
㣬㡭ôôѪԭʼһѪǵµһ壬ҲҪѪǰ۷
ĵȫдϣͷԾ㣬ΪָϵѪðֲµĸо


1103 Ŀ
ôҲû뵽ϸ룬ҲȻˡΪһϵȺڲĵȼʮɭϣһȼڵ͵ȼǾſ֧Ȩġ
ɱᣡ
ɭϵĵȼƶ£͵ȼߵȼһ㶼ѡԹǵȼ޴棬͵ȼֱҿһ۸ߵȼеԶԶоߵȼϢͶˡ
Ҫ£⼸Ѫȥ͵˵
ܲѪϵѹĿ־УҸĻžֵζӵûС
¿ЩˣڵܹġΪ赢ʱ̫ãּһʱ䣬ðȥָޣ˰ļ
ڣڵѾڸճѪ⿪൱øڸճը
Ȼͷǰʮ˳˵һƽ֣Ǿҳ㡣ֻҪҶֳ㹻ĳôҾһߵ̬ˡ
֪ģ嵱Уߵȼ͵͵ȼһ㲻һΪѪĲ̫ᵼµ͵ȼ᲻
һ⣬Ǿǵ͵ȼȫ˴ϵ󣬾һܹһһദˡ
Ҫ˫˴ܹͬеģΪһصǰԴԹİһ˵͵ȼֳ̬Ҳᱻߵȼмһ˶֮
Գ飬Ҫ˫ͬС
ڵѪǿѪ軹ֻ֧Ѫȣֱ֮𡣰ʾǵÿǷͬС
һ£裬ĽһѣԸΪϧѪôԸһӷңΨҵܶôܹҽĳ
嶼ſ˵ϣü乧˳˵ˣԸ˵һУΪһ᲻ϧѪҪһ᲻ϧһдȥɵġ
ĳ徫ûκεĹġ岻ǶԡڲܹһѪԱ֮£һֽ
ΪûһѪԱһǴԱ
չֳѪǾеڣһ˵ĳϹٵģ˻ʹĵҲеҫġ
˰ĳͰɢĹâһȻַʥ׹⣬ɢһηηĵɫâ
ɫĹâСʥ׵Ĺâڲϵʾúͱʾ֮£ɫĹâڽʥ׵ĹâС
ںϣ൱һԼ轫Զ԰ɱȨðҲֻܹԹԾ
裬ҶĶͣ°ɡָٴξٵ˰ǰ
һأֲӵĸо˺ܶ࣬׳ŵӣļѪ̵˶
˲䣬һɰԶŴϢͨ˰壬͸оԼϾҪ˺һ
䡭
ڰĲϷ£пյ걻Ť÷飡
һʯĴ䣬ķ۳
ס
ڰŲΥãڰ˵һֱͨĹ

跢һһĺӿʼĳƣԽԽ󣬰ĺоȻеһĺζ
ƸĲˣ
ҵϽڵܣԼưܱƽ˰ڡ
ڵôԵܣҲֻܹԹںϵ֮С
ϿĸѪг

һŭԼѪԼڸ˳ڵѾںûв
ڰѪĲϳ£ȻˡǿʶοסڵܣЩܻڣٽ뵽Լڡ
ȵڣϾͱڵȫںˡ
賹׽ԼڵвˣѪԶžѪҲ׸ˡԲȳƶݣҲ״״
Ҫľͷϳǣ
ǵĹģȻ󣬵ȴ̱һ壬ѪȼѾһ壬ڱ֧˵ѾǸ߸ϵĴˡ
һ˫ϥڵ˵л˴˵ڶ轫ΪЧȮ֮͡
ǺЦŰѰңͲҪ˵֣ҶֺܷеġԺͳƺΪӰɡ
ǣӡϹϾ
ŰϻĮǣĮУټеİ֮ˡ
ڻУеˣ뿪֮󣬰ԺʼʵʩලԺҲ޽Ŀ齨ʹԼļලְܡ
ж̬ӵļ֮£ʵʩġ
ߣ֮˿ΪҪȥѾֻ֮ùȥС
Ǽʴû޺áֻԼæ˰ʱͰǼʴ޺ˡ
ǼʴһʯʱǼʴ⻪ʢ¡¡
һϵΪð֮̾Ϊֹ˵ǰʵĻ˰֮ˣôڣ֮ҪΪ˵ѧͨ̾Ϊֹ
еİ֮Ϲ򵹰ݷĳȥ⣬ԼԸϣܹԼ³ɡ
оڰ֮˵ĳĤ£ԼڵܾȻϽһϷ賤ЩԴԴܣȻûһ㲻ʵĸо֮ȷʵаһ
ǼʴҪﴫ͵ЧʱһӰײײֱ
еĸоʮָӵġһ߳˴󣬵ȴĵ
˫۹飬ҧ촽˵㡭ʲôʱܹ
Ҳ֪ôش𣬳˵һҲ֪ʲôʱ򡣡
ҵ㣬۶೤ʱ䣬Ҷ㣬ǵãؿϣһʱڹ㣡
˵꣬תͼ۶ȥǲ˫磬ΪġжȻӿһɼԼʶͷŵ׷ԺͷųԼʵ
ҽ֮ܣҪغôǵңһġ
ʱˣıĿȻӢףʶݸϢʵ̫ٿһˣͷʱ򣬷ǸѾûǼʴĹ⻪Уգ۾Ͳˡ


1104 ̶
Ǽʴ趨ĴĿǣȥǵĴ㿴ҪϺһʱˣΪһֱڴѹϵ˴⣬ͱ
⣬õǵǣڳֵ⣬ģһ룬᲻ĳЩĵͨأ
½пܣһַলľԱʱ򣬿һ۵пǴ籩ǰԤݡ
ڴʱȻоԼڱأǼĿĵصס
ΧŰ׵ĹâڼͬʱΧʵľɫҲֳȵеĹâɢͰ䵽һųĵط
۴һƬήӲݣ˸е˼ǣЩӲݾȻǺںڵĽڵϡӲݵصıԵľЩľȫʯģϲ˺ɫİߵ㡣
裬ô£ôѴλϣò⣬ĸ򣬴ضӦĵط
Ҫ֪Ǽʴ͵˻ƷҪ˴ҪƶѴĳĵطֱﰡ
ӣԲԭĴڡǵһϯϣԴ˷ǳǵĴӦþڳԺʮλãԲʮƶﲻԭǼʴĳڡ
ɵýüͷһʵ裬ʲôط֪ô
軷ܣҡͷ԰Ӧðǵĵ̶ҵӡУ̶ӵİ
˵ţ迿˵й̶һЩ顣
ϵ̶ʵһ֮ءĳԱҲ鷸֮ͽĳԱϳͲġ
ֱ֮ӻ̶ִ̣ЩﲻĵԱǱڷ֮зų
̶ȻŵأΪԺϯϵİȴ֪ľʢһ㣬Ҳɱаɭ
Ȼ뵽һ⣬ʵȻŵأôͬʱҲǽ֮ءӦǸյĵطǲȥǲǣ
һϾ㤵ûӣġ̶ǵһһΧеĸְأʮ󷨣ĵˣǾ޷ѳȥġ
һеˡȻǼʴĳڱ˿ŲˣôĿľеǵ˽뵽̶˵е˵ǣ͵뵽塣
ӦϵߺǱֵݳһĻΪľǶϾеԮסǡ
˿ǵ߻ûȫǡܺ⣬һסǣִ߿϶ǻῪǣȡϵóϺͽ
˵˰裬ðʱҪɥ¾ƿǣҲҪЩ˼»ָǾе
軹ǱľȾҪʵĿģ̶ȥǵһҪ
հĻ䣬̶ΧȫգֻһںһڡںͳھԲֳĿռ䣬õշʵʵĲϷյġ
ÿҪͽ̶ʱ򣬳Ժͬʱϣ̶֮ĿŦԲٿһأܴڡ
ĿľΪ˷ֹĵܹ˽Դ̶ľ޴鷳ƻر˴ԶҸԿвͬķֻмλϲп̶ܿ
ڵĻƸһֻλϡ
滹棬ƾƽǲܵġΪ̶ܱȫǸΪһ壬ͨĸָ򲻿
̶ģ˵һѣΪǵĵ᣻Ϊ̶ıı飬Ǿǵĩգ
ЩܲɵÿЦ̶ƻޱץ񡣱ƲֱӰ̶ˡ̶ȻǸǰһģ̶͵ڻǣӵƲ֪ǸԲеļһġ
ӣ԰ôҵԪʧȻ˵
Űעе˰ϣԿϽһɻɵʣԪɢǲɵС
ʴ͵˶ѻڰϵʲôһۿһ΢ޣǵĸȻ΢ȴ嶼ֲֵǾʴܹԱ棬ԪΪʳ
ʴסԱǷǳҵģԪһԭʧᵼԱѸٽͣ˥ϣصʱ򻹻ᵼԱɥ
ΪѵĴָܳ飬ǳøжҲ˸ĹϵС
ṩһܹǿʴĵֿЧĵҩֵҩ֮ʴʴϾûʲôˡ
ڣֶôֶԱ˺أ
ĴָֶԸʴĵҩġóһţð£ʶ̽鰽õЧ
µҩѸٸֳһɹ̱ԪܹʴԪ
ֻҪʴʳԪͻԶԱҲ˾Ͱʴʴ
ǣʶ۲УڵḺ́Ԫ֮ʴȻڳһǳɫʣǳɫ뵽ڣǹɹ̱Ԫ̼߽
֪ʴ΢͵ޣǲġڳ˵˶ʴ˸죬ʹʴܹӦԹ̱Ԫ
˵ǵĺĻ󣬲һǿǵƻܣչֳֶΣǴʦֶΡ
ķֶΣǰСһҪӦԵʱ򣬺Ȼ뵽һ⡣
̶ѾǸ뿪ˡôΪʲôҪʹʴԸݽأ
뵽ʶ߰裬һȻװǲ֧أӦط֡
谴ķԸװ岻ʣҡҡλ߼һͷԵڵء
ϸ鿴עȴǷܵĻС
ͬʱҲʴⶫûκΰ취ģоо˫۾ԼͰ裬һܣαװҲʴʴӡ
ڵصͬʱ˰֣һܣܹסʴԪˡڵϱ۾˹ȥʶȴȫͷų˷̽ȥ


1105 Ԩ
Ҳ֪˶ãʶȻоΧĿռĲ˳ŲԴ͵۹ƣȫźɫƤ׵ĵ˴̶ڴ˽
Ҳʶô죿
ο裬Ҫżھ²ˣֻҪܹˣǾͺðˡ
һȫǺƤ׵ĵ˾͵ͰߣһһͰק˵Ĵ˼£ϵʴȻӲݵرϵߡ
ȻЩˣֲӲݻǺڻɫĿήӣԭеʴӲС
Ϊʴͼ΢СӲݵУϢͻᱻӲݵĿݰܵϢڸǣûϸ̽£Ȼȥˡ
ԱߵľʯʵĲʣôأԼ˹ȥӦþǽҿʱ
ţѾͰϽСֵǸ˰һӣߵһʯʵ£ͼᴥĳ֣Ȼֿһ׵ĺڶڵ˵ǰ
أߣֳҪڶӡֵһ˲䣬ָһһƾ絯ԱߵһŴ
һ죬˵עȫȥˡڵ˷һ˲䣬ָסԼĵ˵ؿһ˶ʱϢʹȥ
ʩչ仯˵ӣһ̧־Ͱӵ˺ڶС
ι㷢ʲôˣ֣ʾԼѾԼȥˣǸкη֡
һϵж֮Ǹ˲תͷͬ顱ʣͻشʲôûаˣôжأ治Ǹʲôûôѵˣ
ǺЦϿǺûȥ
Ǹ˴ӦһҪѰȥʱȻеιȱӣ˵ϺкöǰѺö֮ӡ
˵ţȻľͿ˹
ǸĻͷͷϣȴһļǸʶͷʵʲô
һͷ˵۾Ӵ۹⣬ʱ˸оԼʶȫ뵽Է֮С
ʩչʶͨԷ۾Ѹӵʶĸ䣬ɲǼͿסˡ
˵ļУҵ˺ܶϢ
ڣϵĵѾһ˶ļһƿˡ̶ʵǱһְ֧˶˸ˣǴĸλãЩʴְ֧˶Ǹ˵Ľ
־ȵǣְ֧˶ˣȻһޱϤĸоȻԿ϶ԼûмˣǾһϤζ
˶ߵ죬ҲĿǰǵʵƿߡ˶Ȩܲȶǵ곤һһĵˣҲĹ
ΪѹȺеĲͬ˶ȡ˼ΪֲĴʩǾǰеķͳͳѺ⵽̶̶Ϊ֪˳˰˶ĸ֮⣬֪Ŀֲ
˶ǶԷʴȣǷЩˣʵϣ뵽̶ĵˣȫˡ
оʴбĵȫĲҾ֡˷ָǣ˶ΪնݳȻ֧Լ£̶֮ڲһΪĴ󡪡Ԩ
ԨʵڲΪյԱǱƳһ󷨡
ԨһܹȡԱ徫ĳضԱ󷨣󷨵ģʽǰԱͶУȻͨԨͶԱգȻͨضӦһԱ
ͨԨڶʱѸԨߵʵȻԱΪ۵ġ
ԨĳԱʹùͬ巢ֺ¾նɱǸԱҲհԨǽԶʹá
ǣ˶ɥĲ񣬾ȻĽɵĶкͬ࣬ͬʱԼʵ
̶ֲΧľȫʯʣЩľ˼ȡԱͨʹˡ
徫ɲܹ㼳ȡģ徫뿪ԱһͻɢҪľͨܵ
Щľ徫ĹУľҲܵãľеʯʾľڣγľʯʻı
Щߣ˶ֻڵΪֱŭԹΪ
Ϊһ֮˽Ȼϧͬ˵㰽˶һٻأҲַһЩ䣬˵Ƥװ£ӽ˴ڶС
˰裬Լ֪ȫ˰衣
᳤û뵽˵ȺȻ䵽ֵز
ˣڹƣа˱Ͷ˰ԨУôĵܺһ棬˶ô˵ľʵ϶ǡʵǺֻð˶ӷǱҪϿֹȻǽһƽ١
ͷӣģڣȻǰԨͶſڣǰ˰ɣҪȻ֪жٵͬ屻Ͷŵ
ҡͷУҪ֤ݣŵ˿֤󣬼һЩְ֧˶ҲᶯҡԼ֤ݱҪ棬ǲſܻøĵ˵֧֡
˵꣬ӴָͳӰ򣬽ȫ¼Ҳһ֤ʱг䲻Ч
ð贩Ƥףܹ赲ʴĹͬʱҲðµĵ˻ȥ
贩Ƥף˳˵㼣ߡ
˳̶ڽģۼûйرգͺͰһ̶ڴȥ
ڣͰ貢ûʲô⣬ڳ̶û뵽ǣ֪Ϲܴͬ򿪣̲סݺݿ˲ٿػصϡ
һҪϾͰѰԼй¶ˡΪ豾ǵϯϣʵڵһġټѪʵͻͽѪѹѾǵ֧Եˡ
ɨһۣϵĸо˵ϴԼɱ
׽һŵɱ̶ĵ˲˻ɡ
վסһִĵ峤Ͻס˰裬ΧŰתһȦ´˵ʲô֣ôøղŽȥ˸㲻̫һ
谵вҪ֣ȴһǰǸִ˵ϣúÿŪˡ


1106 ˳
Цֳ˵ʱѾʩչ뵽ֳϵʶСԴ֮ʵı仯Ŀں׵͸ԷʶԷļһ㶫֪˳ˡ
Ǹֳϻ㱼;Լʶϡǵ˵ǱԴŹ˰衣
ֳһлЦݣȻŰȥ
ȻһݵĳϴȵιߣǱȥĵطôվסǵǸʲôģ
Ȼһһؿûа취ȥˣղֻǻֳϵʶݵĳϿûбԼʶӰ죬Լһ±¶ɲÿܹˡ
뵽תת˲䣬ȻһΣ͵ݳϵǰ
һȭȭͷһ㱼ݳϵţݳϱѾ˷ôҲû뵽һȭٶ֮졣
ִ֮䣬ݳһȭȻܲԷĹܹ˵ԷõѡҲս˲ŻеıܷӦ
䣡
һȭ䵽ݳϵ֮ϣǲһĹݳϽȻһӳȭͷҲ;ûȫһ̱
һȭ֣Ϸתһϣʱ򣬵ʣĸϻŸոշӦ
ûǷȭѾ伸ĿԼ϶κεķӦ
ŵϣ裬һܣʱѾ˵ΧΪһȫѾıˣ˶̶Χرĸߣе˵սʿء
ЩսʿеʵǸߣֻǷӰ˶ԼĸλǰֻҪǵ·ģǵˣ
ʱ򲻸ҹڱ¶ԼʵֻԼɱӵϵĵսʿٵǲ֪ĵ·赹֪·ߣָ˼·Ϸ֮󣬾Ͳָ·ˡ
ðָһҲĸı䣬ƾԼԵɱ
Ҳ֪жٵĵսʿΧĵսʿԽԽ࣬ڵܣ޷ڶʱڳƵսʿİΧ
Ԥ̫ԶˣԤǳƼؿܹжصĵطû뵽ֵĵսʿγɵİΧȦԽԽ󣬲ֶΣҪľǲܵˡ
뵽ʼʶԼҪֵʱȻѹǱ߿ǰֵܣ
Ȼⱻѹͣȴݵ˰ĶС
辪ϲ˵Ŀǰ˳ֵܣ
ĻӦͼһӰٽӽˡ
裬Ҵ򣬸ߡ˵䣬Ӱ嵽ǰһȭ˰衣
ӣҵְ˳߱׼û¡˵
üͷһ壬һ£ǵͷһ԰˳˹
˳˵ļл½ˣ͵شһ̫ǿˣֵǣһﱣֺþ룬ǧҪӲƴ
˵ţ˳Ͱ֮һξ롣սʿͶη֮ġڿ˳϶ݱ˷â룬˭ȿֺظһξ롣
˳ԶԶĵط԰跢跴֮תܡͰ׷ᣬЩսʿһʱ䲻֪ôˡ
˳Ͽ־룬׷˳ϣӦǰ赲ǸżԶ
һ˲䣬˳ԶˣͰҲŰ˳ܵ·ԶˡʱͷΧĵսʿԼ٣󣬾ûеսʿĳˡ
һɽ䣬˳һͣȺ衣
˼棬Եر˷ܣӵһ
裬Դʧ֮ҾһֱİΣǱ峤͵Ŀռ䣬ôģ˳ĵʵ
Ҫشȴ͵ظоһʶðʱҪ˳˵ʵ֮ĲУ֮Ĳޡ氽˶Ȩ״£ҪСĽ
ӵʶʾ輸ѿڶĻӲջء
ȷʵǱ峤͵Ŀռ䣬ҾƣڵˣΪǵżϻˡˣô˳ߵһģ
˳ЦֵܣҲ֪Ժڶ˶סˣвͬ˽дϴǸо̫ˣԲŻͶ˶ܾ²ٵ־ͬϵͬ塣ȣ˶˵ͽֵܣ㲻ҲΪɣ
Ͻ˵ôôأ˭֪ҴǹĽ飬Ҵ绹ȹ˭Ͷ˶Ҳǲܵİ
ǣҼͶ˶ʵҲΪ峤밡˶һֱҪɱ峤һȰǿ峤ֻҪ峤ڣǵвҷһ죡ֵܣ˶֮Ūµôκõģ
費ɵΪ֮һͣɲԲǰģûڵⱲӾͱ⿪ղѾԼˣҪ˳˵ʵӦôأ
ʱӹ˵ڵҸģõһֵҩָܵרġϰڼͱԿˣû뵽˰⣬Ҷѡ
˳Žɣʵֵܣλǣ
ЦǵؿʿʱԵ˰裬밽һʣԾͳĪ֮ϵ飬ߣԾ͸Űˡ
˳¶ɻɫؿʿҲȥؿϵĸ֣Ҳ֪ɻδĸ֣Īƾճĸ֣ǴĲ֣
оŰ˳ԲǱϿô򵥣һﻰлĹİ裬ôԼôȤ
迴ͷԣϽ廰˳֣λȷʵҽٵϵһˣ壬ܹһλŵĵҡ
˳Ҳˣ˶ԼЩģԼҪȥǿɾͻԷĽ䱸ˡ
뵽˳ЦȻǰֵֵܵܣҲҰ˳ֵܡϵǰ˶צǸȰǰŵһȫĵطȻٴӳ顣
ˣҲ״Ӧ۾ת
˼һ£źۼͷ
ȻЦ˾ҪͰ˳ֵˣ֪ڻʲôطܹƵǰȫأ


1107 
˳ЦһĶֵܣ㻹˵ˣڰ˶Ϲ㲼ĿҪǲ֪ܣһյʱͻᱻ˶֪֪еĶĿã֪ĲñȻǱضĿҺΣ
̸Ц䣬˳Űһɽȥ迴Զ˵˳֣д汦ĵطӦرأѵҪȥô
˳һЦֵܣ֪ˣ˶ԼȻı£ҲܰеĵطȫסɣطǹֵҰصģȻرҵٶʲôأ
Ȼͣۿһ£Цʵ˳֣˶ôҪĵطأʮεİ
˳˲üͷһ˵֣ô˵ʲô˼ӵͷвѵĿԺԼĴġֵ˽ҵΪˣѵΪһͳֵܣԼô
ǺЦ˳֣ķӦδ̫˰ɣҺͰ軳ĻȻǲġҾǾã˳˲ܹõ˶ͷӵΣǰ簡
˳Щŭ֣ҾֵܣҲ㵱ֵܿҪǹа˵ɾǷˡֵܣɵ˵仰޶˲׽ӰǴ֮ô
һҲûоϵļѣΪ˳֪ѾȫˣڰĹϵ͹ϵڰױȵӰ졣ֻ޷Ӱ쵽뷨
Ǻǣ˳ֵܣعӾΪ˱ԣʲô˵ڵڱˡֵǻ֮Ϊһ仰϶δҲ̫СǼˡ
˳һҲֻζһۣ˵ˡ
һ˳ʹͰ赽Լפأٺ˵ס˳¾Ʋ˿ˡ
ƹѲ˳ʵֵܣλ֪ʲô㰡
̾˵°˶ʮţҪˣҪѺܴ۰ܰѼ־ȳͻĹۡ˰˳֣֪֪Ҵ类ѺʲôطܲܰҴȳ
˳¾Ʊֵ̾ܣҲ֪ڰ˶У峤ĸ֮кüζҪ¾ɱΪ峤ڵȺеʵ̫ߣҼ峤ŵҴ档˶峤ӳ̶ԸӣѺ峤Թʡ
˲üͷ˵ֵϢ޴ӵ֪ˣ
˳صͷð˶ΣϢҲ֪һ˶̫أΪԤһѺ峤ĵص㼸ǹͻһΡÿõ֣ǰ˶ĵϵѪף֪ʱ򣬹ѺĵصҪˡ
ȻЦ˳ֻ֣ҪĲã֪峤ĹѺҲʲôΪѵɣ԰˳ڰ˶ǰ÷һݣЩϢڰ˳˵ֱСһ
仰Ѱ˳ҭùǺͺǰ˳ȴûоһң˳ԸоĻгζ
˳õĿһۣȻ԰˵ֵܣ峤о֮İΣһֱϡȥ̽峤䣬ֻҪ֣ҵֵһӪ峤
˼ƣ˳˵Լȥ̽峤䣬ðúðЪ
Ȱ˳ߺ󣬰С˵ӣǲǾð˳⣿
Ц裬Ĳˣ˳Ͼ뵽ΣʱǾȳģôԱ˵˼أ룬˳ȥȻܹóֵ䣬ʱһ֣ȳֺǡ
һôҲû뵽Ȼ˵ôһٿ´ʵĻ
ȻӵʶݹϢ˳˵˵˳һд⣡
ʱˣ°˳ֽʱص˵ĶԻ
뵽Ц˳Ļ˵ȥعӣҲǲֵܣֻΪѣЩľԱĸоˡعӣȵ˳ֵܲõֵ䣬عԮ֣ǵ峤Ȼعӵġ
һһģʼǵĺƻˡ
˵ʱһֱⷿǿʶ̽£ڲͬλõӰ
ⶫʵ˵ʲô⣬Ϊе˾ԼڰװӰܲΪɰ˳ɡ
ͰƲˣڷϢٽڵʱ򣬰˳ͷ󺹸߰裬Ѿ鵽峤ĹѺλá
ң˳һܲõϢ˶õ̶㱨ΪǰĲ˷ˣŰ»ġ
˶ʱ׻ϢĻǾ˵˶ҪԴˡ
뵽㣬۾ת
ЦеľâһšϢоͿԶ϶˳˾⣡
˶΢㣬ڴðķֻһʼɱ󻼣ǰѰţһնийϵһ򾡣
˳Ȼôеʱڵõôе鱨ʵ̫˾ò˼ˡһײײˣһôȦףϹء
˵ײˣβŵġ˳˼ΪܣеĻˮ©Ҫǰ˶µȦףôɵˣ
ֻһǾǰ˳ҲȦ׵ı֮һ
裬˳ֿðΣ̽鵽Ϣſ϶ġ˶ŪϾҪ֣Ȼֵ֪䣬²˳٣Ӧ̳ȥӪ֡İ裬¹ֵܵ˭᷽ҵġ
ϴܵһְοţһа취ġ
תͷð˳ѹѺطһ顣˳ûκεĳɣһϸϸ⣬һ߸˹Ѻصĸֵϸ
ãԱţصĻصȵȣ޾ϸȫŪһ
ŲͼȻͼ⵽˷һǣϸ˰ͼ͵ض԰˳˵˳֣һҪһ£˵᲻ǰ˶Ⲽµһأ
⻰˳̲ס鴤˺ü¡͵Ƿ˰쾢Էȫ̷ˣ
֣Ҳ˼⣬ôǰ˶µأͨڲ̽ϢӦòд
һ֣գգ۾ſ˵˳֣㿴طİž˷ѽ⡣
˳󾪣治֪ͼϻʲô¶뵽˳ʶ߹ȥͷָĵط
˰죬˳ҲûпȻ̲סʵ֣ˡ׾ʵǿʲôط˷ѽ⡣ʲô߼˵ɱҵ鱨⡣
ѣ͵أֹסЦ˵鱨Ǽٵģ÷ʲô鱨⣬˸⣬ѵ˵ô


1108 ʧ
仰׺䶥һð˳ݺһ£ʶҪ˵ȴԼʶ͸Լ˫뵽˫֮С
˳ʶȴһͺ֮ԽݵԽ
ʶ˳Ű˳˫۳˰˳У˲䣬ʶ⵽˳ʶеÿһ䡣
ԼʶУ˳ᵽǶôǿ󡣹ֲõĶﰽ趼ϹϾӾǶԴʦһʹӶԷʶԷǿ̺ܹͬƾ˫ܹ͸ġ
㣬㡭Ҫʲô˳ʶ˽ʶнеĶԻǸģΪһжڰ˳еĶԻʶĽ
ûʲôĸȻڰ˳ԺԼļһҷ
˳Ҹʲôѵ㲻֪ôЩ飬ЧԿ㵽ѵƱôͣ˳ʶѡԼȤĿЩûȤģ˳־ɾˡ
㣬㡭ɣ֪ƭ㣬ŹҰɣҿԸκεĴۡ˳֪˵ǰԼûаֵķֻǿధˡ
ߣҵֻʸȥûʸȥˡһϣҳ¸ηʸȥģʣµľûʸлȥʸô
˳ʱΪ֮ҳֺݺݴ̼飬Ƕô޳ܵˣ˵̲ңҲ񱻽˰һˬ
ҿ԰ҵ峤ȳҽֻܹ˳ֻһͷֻҪܹסˣҲ֪ʲôܹ򶯶ԷΪ˻˳ܹϧһС
ߣ㲻Ǹķô峤ʲƽѣڰһ֮ʿʳ˶°ܡ˵ʲôֲܹĹЩŭˣϢѰ˳ʬΣ
˳ʱңڶԷǿ£˳ûзأ飬ȫԼļ䵱УҲز˰
ᣬ˵˶˵ľϣҿһ֣˶˵ϣڰ˳ļ൱飬ҪȫҳԷµúķ൱ʱ䡣
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬˳һϣð˳֪һж˵
˳һʱˮ֮ץסһһ㣬ָϣð˳ޱȵС
ʵ˳Ǹﲢ֪٣ֻ֪˶ںʱѾǸ˽ϵˡ
˳ʵһֱ峤ˣСһ𣬳һ𲢼սȹ˳峤ڰ˳Ըӣ谽˳Ȩ׵ܵܰ衣
Ȼϯϣ峤ȴǲܲģʱ򣬰˳ʹŰʹ峤Ȩ
ҲΪԭ򣬰˶ڰ˳ļʱ򲢲˳ֱһ鷢鷢΢ı仯
˳ĶӰΪì޹ɱͬ壬Ϊ峤İŵ̶ꡣ
ϣ˳ڰ˶Թޡ˳ڰõѾٶĺôˣΪӵ飬˼شĸĹۡ
˶ᣬٴζ԰˳չ˵˳ںվ˰˶һ档
ڰ˶԰Ŀʼ׶ΣΪ򣬰˶Ȼڽڰˡؼʱ̣˳Ӱ˶ӹһרŶԱЧĶҩŵ˰һмἶĵ˾Уʹðߵмȫж˶ŵԷˡ
˶̨ǰ̶Ĳ֣һϵжڵϴ˸˶⡣
˳˼Σû˵ٻ˳֣ڰ˶ˣƺǶ԰˶ſƵܰ˶ʲô˶İ尽˶ܹȥִС
ȵ豻ߺǸ˾ʹĻնݳ
£˶ǼʴĽλŪ̶һʴû뵽̶֮У˾ȻܹʴӰ˳
ȵ̶棬޵еıľѣùƾŵսʿ޷赲סˣð˳ȰסȻưס
֪˳֪ȫ˵ˣͷʵ֪˵ʵô
˳ҡҡͷһҲ֪Ψһ֪һ˿϶ϵˣȫǸԡ
üͷصŨȤ˵֪ģһֺϤӣΪ˰˳ܹ֮˿֪һЩ֪˸ô飬ӲһõϢûС
˵ʵôʵ
˳ҡͷҴûм֣Ϊ֪жǿֳϿ˵ʵǳ˵áУҰѰ˶ɳ˵ܹס棬ԴƶϣӦһľ֡

˳ЩĵڲˣƲʲô˶Ըɵ飬һӴľ
صܿӴҪ񣬵Ǻ˾жˮ׼ĵࡣ

˳˳İֻǰ˳Լʶзûзκεġ
һ£ǿʼɾ˳ļ䡣
㣬㡭㲻˵һôôң˳ûֻܶధ
һһģԼȡµ˹ߣɾһЩӵļ䣬ʵкôġ
˵ţѰ˳Ĵ󲿷ּɾˣֻ˸˶һµؼ䣬Ҫ˳һЩ顣
ɾ֮ڰ˳ʶ˷ԼʶƬΣ˳ͻƴӡ
ջʶ԰˵˶ʵѾþֵϹ⵹ǸܺõĻᣬǿԽƾͼƣ԰˶һϮȻ˵㣬ֻҪСĽɹİԻǺܴġ
ͷʾôԼִ
˳ԼͰȥõľУ֮ԻѡðգΪ˳Ͱ˶̶аĻǸһ°
ֻҪ׷ʣµľͺôǳĿǣŻȥµľ֡
ܿ죬˾͵ֵص㣬еķʵǸ裬;֮ϵĵսʿҲľżһ㣬ѡӶ
ľ֣ʵϾһȫյɽС
ɽſڣеսʿһ£˳һִͱˡ˽뵽ɽеʱо˲ԡΪɽڲտҲ˵նİ˶ﲻӰһսʿûС
ʧˣ˸ƵˣҪк˳ʱ򣬽µĵȻ䣬ȫһӿİ֮С˳ɾܶ䣬ӦҲٶˣһʯʵʵԴʱɥ˱֪ʲôˡ


1109 ǧɽ
ӿ֪˶ã밽ͣ
ž
һˮ棬ڿնȵ䵽һԵ֮ϡ
һˮͬ䵽ߣڴڵشϢţģЩǱ
ڳˣ賤һȶ
˭룬£Ǹճֱסˡ
ʲô
ǿЦɣ
˲ɵˣŤͷһһ̧ͷܵա
üͷɨһܣ軹ûпһֻÿʵ⵽ʲô˼
ǧɽأһֱһӲݴеƾʯЩͳ
ѾԤϣĲ룬ƾΪӦΣջСһġǧɽȴͨĵطܹܵһɹǿľ񲨶ڲϵӰ
Сһ㣬ܹŹ֡˵֮ɢʶٵɨһȦ
ûΣգ
ôûΣգüͷһšֱΣջûгֶѡ
迴ǸģƲƲͣʯֲϱߵӲݣǧɽ
ˡ
ģƺһ¡
ţһɹɻɵϿճƺҪɽȶΧһ㡣
ס˫۵ɵԲ̽ţǿޱȵʶȻû˿ն
ڲʱ򣬾ͼǰȻһıʹ
ء
һ޺Դ֮С
ô£æʵ֪ʲô
ҡҡͷѵ˵ȫҵԩ꣡
ԩ꣡
˲ԴҪˣɵоͲͷ˵ԩĻǾͿԽ͵ͨˡ
֮ǰоЩϵѹڿЩѹӦþǵԩɢģֻǵѹԩʮֲֿ
ǧɽ˽𣿡ɨһ۽ָİ裬΢Щżʵ
Щɵڿٵ½ۿžҪ˸ȥˡ
΢΢ҡͷдҵ˵֪ȫҵԩܹ꣡ܵĵܹüǵʹ࣬ǵİ
üͷһܵزһ˿ͷĵط
ȥǰʱ˫΢΢죬ҲԵЩ
ͺһλƵѹͬϯȥʱǰӲһ¡
ҡôˣ辪ŵطԼЩͷæʵ
ЦһͷԽԽ˵߶ǵԩ꣬⻰м٣
һ㶣Ÿһޱȵ˵ûԩ궼ģɶ񣬵˭Ӵԩۼڴˣ޷ֻأ
Щԩ꣬û⣬ղܵЩԩľ񹥻ʶΧʶǿޱȣҪ˵ֱĨɱԩЩ鷳ҪԼܵûû˿Ѷȵġ
䣬ƺΪ֤ƶȷģ֮кȻһ̶ŭХ
һ˲䣬ԭ½ͬ˵̶ˮ
ء
޷ԶХ֮Խ
ಡ
һ̣Ȼγһĳìֱ·Ͱ
˫һɣһХ

Х֮أЩ½ì΢΢ͣһ󣬾ȻǼ³塣
飡
ìݺݵײŵ棬ÿһײǿҵϸһĿӶ
ɵؽЩì£ǰȴûǿʵ޷ȫֵסҽС
ΪҪҷ磡ȵæҸߵİסһߡ
ֱðΣ֮нųһĭɬ˵Ȼôǿ˵
̫ǿͲ֡ЩԩȻ֮ˣѾˣһĽǣͲҪǵͬˡɫ˵ⰽ飬ͬŭЩԩ긴
ֽһìɢһգһȭ
䣡
ǰˣȻǿṥˡ
ҲǺ˶ѣһһѷس
ȻѾȫˣǾǱҵɣһҧֱӺ
ƺǲϱŷŨɱ⣬ЩܵϷȴһ㣬ڲҽмڶ
΢΢һϲԼвãǾ˵Щԩ겢ûʶΪϵϢŻġֻҪܹ֤ǿϢɢǾͿ԰ȫضȹһξˡ
ϧȴǲ´ˡ

Ȼһ޴Ĺڽһ㣬Щͬһʼ˵ڡ
ߣȻ粻飬Ǿ͹ֲĺˣһ˫ĳһǿƷֱɢ˴
ÿɢʱ򣬶һ̶İ
ЩƣЩ֮еԩһֱû¶ӰǼΪ֯Եһһ
ԩ˵⼸ǲܵ飬Ⱥһڣ
ԩԣעֻ໥ɣ׳ԼͲߣͳеԩꡣ
ѵʱȫɡһ䣬ûôǾֻ򵥱ķˡ
һԣһֱţüͷšԽԽ
Ҫٴζֵʱ򣬰Ȼ˵ߣһӹҪ
ʲô˼üͷһšɫҪˡ
轫Ŀ¿ˮڲ䡣
Ƕҵԩ갡ǶǱɱ¾ٴεһ꣡
ĺһĹЩԭɱڵԩ꣬࣬ȥ˼
裬ȷʵȻһ꣬Ǿ͸ӲܻԼ˳ˣǻ֣ҲӦö԰ְ
صصͷ϶˵ȷǾҵһ꣬ΪеĴ󲿷֣Ҷʶ
ҶʶҶʶ
ĸںݺݵԴƶĿ⣬׼ųĹͣ
ǡô˵ЩԩӦǱסˡɭֶ߲𾴵飬Ϊģټɱ˲ٵһ꣬Ҳܡ
Ŀʶһ뵽֮У̽κοɵ֡
ģŨ֮УһЩ˸΢âɢ΢㡣
Щÿһξ붼һôйɵİڷţԲȻγɵġ
ǶˣЩһҲûеõϢǱ˸סˡһʹġ
豻ʵ˭˭ڿƣ
ҡҡͷ΢΢ţ˵֪Ѿزסˣ


1110 
ȻһС˹ȥУĵǹ赲Ѿ֪޹֮ҲûгֶԸǡ
Щ꿴һӴ󣬵ܹʵ΢С˺ģҲ״һ㲿֡
ĵطõĶǿʶ޷˺ġ
ڰвչŲܿЩ꣬⵹ԼˣԼѵˡ
һͽӽһŽеС㡣һץһСͱץС
ⶫޱȣͺһϺõʯһҪϸ۲ʱͻȻʯһĶȻͷų貵Ĺâ
ã
ϽĶ˳ȥھɵλϣ鶫ҵıը
ⱬըûڿеһ˿оһɺƥʶӱըܼӿ
ǿʶҲҵʶʶҡ˼£֮Щһļµ˻һϿ۾һŻһĶ
ŻЩһõ弸ʵʻһ㣬צ˹
ϽȶһʶԱһ·˦꣬ļС˹ȥЩСһʼƶȻͬʱ貵Ĺâ
Ը⿴ġµҲֻЩ㱬ըһɹǿҵʶʱɢĿռ䡣
䡭
Щҵزûзκε죬ڿռеÿһ˵һһε
ڿоǿеҶһҡҡλΣҪһͷڵˡ
Щ꣬򳹵׷ˣһŤ壬˰Ŀżһ
ʱ֪ѾûֵˡЩȻǵһ꣬ѾвԣǱҪʧ
ܣܵļ£·ִһȦȻ䣬ȻԼĺѹ̼ͷų

һ춯صĺбŷǣһΪģӳȥڿмһ
ڼǿĺ£Ŀһ
У·ǳ˯ԶžѶķŭĺЩ֮Ͼͱŵûãȵǰһ÷飡
һ꣬һɹɵ̳һϾȫɢˡ
û뵽ϸһѪˣ׬ˡû뵽ôĹ;Ȼҵϡ
һӢСӰйһ㸡ֳЦ˵
ҵˣվСǰʵ
ӢСһû뵽һۿӡвǺܳôô۹أ
Ҿҵ˭ô֪ҵ˫Ŀ磬ƺҪ͸۾ѰҴ𰸡
⻰ʱȫˣֲԼ̶²Ͱ˳ļпǸôϤԭҵˣ
ǸصĻˣúƣŻʶĸо
Ϊ˸컹Ǻܴһʱû
ֱĳ֣Ȼʹõʶʯ֮кĵطų̽һ£û뵽Էҵˡ
ϣʶһֳ֮ȡʶʯͬͬԴĸоҲŻ϶ҵˣߣ๼˵ţ建ƶ߲ϴ
ԭɱ֣Ȼܵˣ죬Ҫѩޣ۾ﶼðˣ޲˺ûż֣ǰԼĴָ
˫ֱأ俴˵ǵǵҵ˶еϣôúԶҵĹ۲죬ܹǿôһ㣬ǰһᶼûС
ʱɫ䣬Ӵָͳһ飡
лңү˵ʵܸߣһյʱɱôѾѱˣֻҪһյʱ䣬ϵҸֽϤĳͿԱˣ
ЦһԸо̫ԾˣǰȲżҲżܣǺܲ
ٺ٣үǱӻ磬ŸϿҸطʱȥط˵ҵ飬׷ɱģʮҵ˰ɣǺǣû뵽һʮͷ쳤۰
Ļһ³
ʵղʶʯܵϵ˺һҲ֪ĸ󻼰һ֣ʾѪʱΪǾеһԱ
Ҫ֪Էұ˵ʲôҲҪ֪ͨ˵Ŷ֡
жʧˣҪ
ǣԷΪʲôԼʾأѵѾǿ˲ʮֵϹ
еɻ󣬹Цү˵ҵʱѵûиҳʵֲ⣬ʦ󷨴ʦô
ʱΪʲôô򶨣ԷڸԼ˵ʱƶ壬ȻʱﲼһܹһϢݵ󷨡ү˵ĺǸļߣ֮ҪСģ
û뵽Լһʱжʧ󣬾ȻһͷײôһֲĶ֣
ߣΪԶˣҪ֪ﲻ磬ҿԶһеֶΣү˵ΪڹʩչȫֶβűսʤġҲǸոͻƴڲű߳İɣһûϣ
ԼжϣԽԽʵûô£үΪԼ粵ĴҲһʵˡ
ͷͷǵǲֵ֪µ湦ôģѵͷһô
ڸ֮ĶԾУͷԾһĴǼԷʹıơ
֪ܲ⻰гζ
˵ͷʹıưɣһڸŵˣΪսʤ˼罵֮˾޵ˣǾ㣬ʲôĸְɣ
˵ţȭһȭʱȭһɫĹâȭ׻ʱɫĹâڰγһȭͷģĹţʹ˹


1111 ׷ɱ
ûӲӣǻζΣȭͷģɫŵ֮ǰһϣһȭݺݺ
Ѿ˴ˣҰĹʽǸڵĸֶ˰ˣˣǸոڣ绹һƬߣﻹܻιأǸ߿ˣ
ԽԽԼˣɱܿ޻ڵһȭıֿʼˡ
ҪľЧڣΪѾСˡ磬ҲװˣҪȻװһȼ
ɱаյģ᲻ϧһд׳ʿһֻҪˣԼ磬ǵϢϻᴫ磬ʱģ鷳˻᲻
ȻʶԼݣôͱҪҪһһĻᣬɲôܹɱġ
װˣ
ֻҪΪԼʵ£ֳĸҺôϲһŰԼɾͻɱĴ󹦼
ڻɱʱ򣬲ܹʹܹ¶ݵʽͨԵһϵܹ˻ɵıãֻԭʼֶνˡ
ȴ˿ûʶԼΪˣΪʵߣһıƻ쵽һСһ
Խ뷨ĿһȭȭһɵȭͷĴ
Ĺƺ취ֻ࣬һδܣȻ󿿽ú޻ڵȭ
һ˲ҵ˸ӵĸоĶֹУʵ̫ˬˣֱѹԵƣԼĹǰް취һδνᱻԼ׻⡣
ǿߵĸоǺģϣĹܹӳһ㣬ͺè׽סһȶȻٳԵ
ȻһȻֱ嵽棬е裬ܣ
˵꣬ת෴ķȥ
뵽ܣǲеˣɱĴҪ䵽һ˵ˡ
˵꣬׷ۿźҪ׷ϣһȭٴΰһγɵȭͷ˳ȥ
ȥִܲ٣һҪȴûȫܿͺһͬߵķһбб䵽档
飡
ѵҳһһɶĴӡ
ۼɹȥ˫Ŀ࣬һŤΣ仯˵ͳ˹
ȻѪӰˡ˫ϲŰɱ˵ܵ˵Ҫ⹦㹻ҡ
û˵꣬ȻоԼļһֻȴסˡ
⹦㹻ʲô
ֱʱһԸΪԼһС
ߣ⹦㹻ҳΪгһϯ̵档֪ôжͿ㹻񰡡
ʱѾ˹ͷֱһɽɳ۹һƺƴ
һֻ΢΢һ̧ᰴ˰ľ޴һ£Ȼѷɳİסˣ
Ÿоڼϵ֣ȴַֻ·һɽѹԼļһԼôȻ԰ѷֺ
ѰƿӴȡ
ǡ
µʯܲסˣӲѹʯӡ
䣡
һȭ޻ڴʵʵһȭʱ͸оǰͻأǣң·ڶ
䣡
һȭҲŰһ£һأоԼ꼸Ҫˡ
ԣһոշĴڵߣôԣһԼʵ
֪ۣȶ֪£ֻнʵʵٴ򣬲֪ʵʵࡣ
Բе˲ŻԼʵһչֳЦӵҼöˡһƴɱµĹԣҫһ˼ɵһʵǣ˸֣ôĶ֪
һ߸ϿΣһʵжжô޴
ʵɱңΪʲôҰֶζԸңѵ㲻֪ʹжô̫ˣ㲻ܹȡЧİ취ƫƫȴѡı취
Ҫ֪ʵڴϣǲᵣĲ㰡
ٺЦЩ飬ֻоŻ̵ᡣ룬Ҿʲôʲôʽү¶˵ˡЩԸ㣬ҵ񲻾ͱ¶ˣǻ鷳Ҿͷѵ£ɵ㡣
ȫˣڣвǰò񿥵Сڱ¶үӹʵһĻ
ɱңҿԸ޴ĺôУҸҵóϣ˵峤ҪӣҸұٸΪУ㿴òã
ãСӣԶᵽƴɱôһݲҵǶôĲסҺңǲݵľ档ҲΪУɣб¾͸ɵңһҳ״ģ
׶ʧȥϣ
㲻ɱңҵϿѪģֻҪɱңϵ˾ͻ֪ûˣǻϹ׷ɱġʵǹǿôˣͲôΪҲھй¶
Ŷû뵽ϵ˾Ȼ䱸ô߶˵Ķãһôʰϵˣ¿ˡֻҪɵȻ鿴Ҿ·ϰʰ̫ˣ
һֻĲϣҪˡ
ǲһ
Ĵָ£ӵԼĴָС
ڣ͵ͱһѣһ̲ͣϡй裬ѯһǧɽΧ
֪ϵնɱǰͰǧɽĵòϸܸʲôطʺϷʲôطʺأһһϸ
۾Ѱ˵ĵòȫһӡ۾裬úúһѣȻǸڶ࣬ƫƫҪ֮ǣҪǽд׷ɱ
ʱȾӷģֻҪŹӣûҲҸɵ飡
ӴָóһЩͬʱϸĽ⣬ð赽һǧĵط
˰裬ﲼ󷨣ͬʱԼϢȫȴ˵ĵ
Ҳͼʮʱ䣬ƿϣʮӰߡ


1112 ǧ
Ϊ׵Ǹʵ̫Ϥˣ̶²Ͱ˳Ժмһ񱳺ĺ֡
һ÷ǳƣӣӦĽסЩʵߣжΪʮˣһĸ֣ĶԪӤڵ۷ʵ
ϸ۲Щ˵ʱһ벻ˡ
һһֶΪ׵˴˵Ҿ˵Լƫƫ˵ɸ˱һЩƫƫͲɣ¿ɺˣˣôóϽ
俴һˣˬ˵ܵҲ̫ˣεϣӵңôžôţȫǸ⣬ѵôΪһ֧˲ҪٸƻģھͿִмҷ
˵꣬ϸ˿ڡ
վг˲˼飺ôܣȻǱɱˣһĸְ˭ܹ͵ֶɱأ
һһ˵֣ʵҲûˣǰǸˡհ˳鱨ûʵģǾֻǸ
ͷӦþļһˣҲУȻֶɱұΪ´󹦣Ըóϳ˭֪ȡ
⻰˵ĺѧʣǶĽ͡һʵǿԺɨͶ˵һģȷʵĻġ˭֪ȻҲ㲻ɡ
֣Ǹô죿
һ˵ƺʮҪгֵ˼׼򲻿ɵġһԪӤڵֵܣԪӤڵֵܣĸ̽飬ĸӴܣᱻ׷ٵ
˵һ£򲻿Уֵ˵ټϷźţһϹȥɱֵ֡˵ֵܲӲƴֻҪҧס˵ټˡ
Ҷûзԣ˾Ͱɢֵ̽ټˡ
ѡһǧȻ෴СȥС飬Ǹû˵һֺԪӤڵĸɵһС顣
ĬĬһʱ䣬ø㹻ľ룬Ŀȥ
ھһʮҵľ룬ȻΧȫһˡ
˻ûôӦȭѾˡ
䣡䣡
ȭֱӾͰԪӤڵĸָ
Ѫ꣬ĴɽǸһĸ˲ɵˡ
ô˵ҲԪӤڵĸְ͵Ϯ״̬£Ҳڱ˼ֱӾɱ˰
ο̬ĴҲ̫˰ɣ
ԪӤڵĸ壬ѾǳԽ˸ͣһȭģжôֲ
ۿڽһıķҲһζ
һΪȻȥԶɾʹԼȫֶҲôɱġղԼװ¡
οΪԼݣûõʵֶΡһĺȻæңûΣգȻҪ֪ͨͬ飬Ŷļ϶ӴָͳһƷݺ顣
ʱһĿĺɫ𣬽žĺХڶ
е˶߿£аЦ͵ǰࡣ
ȵе˶ӽڰڣȻ𣬱ǧķ򼲷ɶȥ
ҶˣǧСˣɱֵܡ
ôһҪɵСӣǳɱɽǾҪ
ɱǻȥҲý׷ȥ

ΪԻˣڿвϱ򣬺ǻŲ·ӣƺ˵Ĳϱ£ǧ˹ȥ
ǧǧɽ´ΪɽаµӡǣϷɽɽ
ҵ׷׷ͣ
֣Ǹ˾ҿúɽô࣬թƺŵǶڣɾʹˡ
û˵׵ô˵ǾӦøϿ쳷ˣͷɱˣûɱ㣬ȥÿԱס
ƺ𣬴ȵʲôеǰԼɺͳҪˣҵģһȥᣡ
˵꣬ʣµİ˸߽ǧС
ǰһξ룬ǰ·ڣͣ۾
Ҳͷ۲ѡļһɱҵˡȻ˵λǺܸߣԼ˽ɱͷҪеܴΰ
˰죬˵ǳʺϲҲ֪浽ʲôҽа˶˴޴ˡ
Ӧ˵뷨ϵµˣҲǵӦ֮ߡ
˭֪Ըˡ
ߣ治֪ͷôģ˾ǰӣȴҪдæȥ˵涼Ҫ㶪ˣãȻţԼ˽ȥг˾ˡ
˵ţԪӤڵĸ֣˳һͨ׷ȥˡ
òĸߣֵ͵ĶһļһԼмʵԺգͲ֪ΣΪ
ѾˣԪӤڸֱɱһ˵ʵǳֲ˵˷ǳΣաɣ˰ԼЩǲԤ趨õһȦס
δӣѡ˾ʵսӣеľغʵս顣
ǣĳЩгϵ׸㶨ͰԼı˳̵㹦ͶƶƽԱպڼʸ
ǰӿˣ棬ûͷ˷
ʱߵĻʱָָֻţʱж
ҿû鷳飬ûгǣۿžҪʱƾɱһеŬȫƻˡ
ѾɱȥˣҪùٳ⣬ȥԲ˿ɵö߰
뵽ҳȥͷ̸ɱۣҲҪˣ
˸ոǰ˲ʮɵľ룬Զú֣˷ܽеҿ׷ǧһˣһ׽Ҫ˸𣡡
һ͵һ԰ٷְȷǵµȦףԶֵսǴԪӤڵĸ֣δ˼ҵĶ֣ڣȻѶԷˣһʮ壡
һ´ңǧ嶯пյ룬ǰ壡һӿ˽Ųһ
ߣɣҲ̫СǼˣҸɵ˶֣ѹͷָһЩ㿴Сүء


1113 ڧ
û仰ǹȻΪͣĲȥȲ˵ԼˣҪǷǱùˡ
˵һǧһеƶһ仰һĶ֣һĶѡ
飬˵һ⣬Ͳ˵ˣ˼Ƿ¸Ҿ׷УҪǿɾǼˡ
뵽һҧе˸Ͽ׷ڿǧٳˡ
Խǰ׷Խûס
Ϊһ·ǰд۸ӵĲ·ڣɽԽԽխ˽ô˶ʩչᱻԷһʰģ

һȻһҵǣɲġ
ƽʱһֱҪˣûŵأһһէģֱ˲ܰ
˸˹ȥԶԶ֣ȥѾ˵ϡ
ô£ûͷӰӾСеģɺͳߵǰ˵
űˣһԪӤڵĸʹ˵
ߣԽԽгϢˣűһ¾ȻֳôĶ治¶ˣ
ô˵ǳԾСΪˣ͵Ϊ綼ԪӤ۷ĸ֡ǵǿ̶ȣͨĶ˲ǵ塣ЩһˣǾ˵ϵĶԲ򵥣
鿴ߵĽź󣬾͸ӳԾˣậ֮ô£ôâ̻֮ѵǮҵˣ
ľҲһµĽţҲậ֮ôģǮҵ˾ȻҸΪУҳȥ󣬷ǵҪǮҺÿ
סڣǳֹûУΣƫƫҪǰ룬˳㻹֪ôǮҷǳأҪԸǮңҲóԺͬУĶֵ˵
ıסˣ棬һֱȡ̵̬ȣֻҪ˼֣һҲˡ
һǳ²࣬ҵʱﵹæ
ڸһĴ£â̴֮ߵĽϰҩâ̲֮ɾϸ۲һ¡
Ȼͬ˹һڲͣ鴤
棬ղŴһ˸֣˵˵ϸϸڣһҲҪ©
ûôعϸղŵϸڣһһʮ˵ˡ
죬˵ֵܣǧҪɢϳȥͺĪΣһ
ʱҲһˣϽʹһߣſһ⳷ˡ
ǣû߳ԶȫɵˣԹһĿ׶˭Ҳ֪ߡ
Ŵһȥ˰죬ȴ߻ԭλá
˼Σ˼ǺţģһȦֻص㡣
磬ô£ʶҲ֪òˡ
һ粻ûлĺøУŭĿӡ
ŵһ£ȥɵ˰죬ȴû
мˣȻ˵̫СˣΪԷǸһСʵأǸܳǵľް԰
⻰˶ޱȣҪ֪ǶĸְеͶ˵ϣϾһĴڡ˵Ǿ˵̫ˡ
֣ô˵ҲǸһãǸܰȫԵɣ˵ˣֻ·ˣֻҪңһܹȥġƺǸöѣ֪ʱӦðȶġ
ЦŰâ̵֮ݸƺúÿɣܷܲ⡣
ƺӹöậ֮ϸ֮²ɵȻһ
⣬⡭ôܣǮҵâ֮ȻһԿóǾ˵ġңϣҲǮõĲϴͬӦòǳǮҵֱʣ˭ܰâ֮Ƶĵزأ
˵ƺȻҲɫ֣ǲǸ˰ɣ
ûеһУү˵˿Ϸ죬ңµַϿ˼ܣһϹϿү˵Ǽƹˣڸۡ
˵Ѫȷ磬ɱĸ罵֮˵Ҳ˶˭϶ʱûѪɫ
ǱҪ֪ͨˡʼԼĴָҷҵһ߼ͨѶģϾͿʼ硣
ҪɵĻ鷳ǰ¶ɵòãֻ֪öСң֪ô
һȻƺڽѵԼˣˣ˵Լԭ˼ұϾǼͷˣƺʲôȻң
ƺôĵӣҲԼݣ㸸Ҹ׵ǰһһСֻҧˣ
Ӿ˲ˣҪһӣֵĻȴԮôóͨѶ磬˼ͰһжжˡǶͷûжźţϵͨѶͱǸжˣȥ˭Ϳ㲻˳ˣôٸը̣ӱ㣡
ˣŭ˼Ƴˣ᣿ˣڹͬĵԼеˣ˭ҪٸڣҵļҷҲ֪ġ
ƽĬ˰죬ҵ˼̲סֻص˸Ŀǰ档
Ļ̵̻ʱ򣬺Ȼ˺ХƿںԲ
󺧣ϳǸ߱ƷⶫըԼһĸֵû⣬ǼԪӤڵĸ־͵ùˣ䲻ҲҪˡ
뵽ǰһֽ߱Ʒץס뻳СƾԼǿ壬Ӳ߱Ʒıըˡ
ըȻû˺ϵﱻըһһģұըĺ̰嶼ѬˡϾǱīһ㣬ֻһ˫۾Щɫ
ҲǺ֮ͷļ壬˭֪µ飿նɱ罵ˣبδе鰡һ죬ȴͷ¶β飬㲻ô
û뵽һôҵҪúÿһˣò׬ɲͷ֮˵ʱҾͷָǸͲܽ£Ϊǵֵ͸û֣
Ѿ濴˺ܾõϷˣӵڧȤû뵽ûʲôˡ
е㲻ˬˣܹЩӵԽԽȺĻаŵĻᣬȴֻܸıˡ
ۿŽһˣ˼߱Ʒ˽ơ
ļЦԼ漤ǻԶأеʱȥһЩҵˣٰȫ


1114 һ
¶˿ɬЦݣ֪һþսļΣָؾɨ磬Ը罵֮˼ȫ¡
˵ʵıԲԼ˵ġ
Ѿռ˾ԵƣҲ޻˵˵ɣҲˡŬϣãȡһᶼûˡ
ѵð֮˾Ȼ̸ĳٸ԰
г˳Ūζ˵ʱ򣬿Ҫնɱұɵˣ˶Ḳ˵һ̸ô
ĬȻҺ֮ѾǶֻܴһľ£˵ʲôûˡ
˵ĻƽĽˣռñˣ㲻Ӣۡôûӣ
ߣһףüôЦĲӢۣ˭ʲôֶأүֻƶˣûи°źӣҵɣֶȣҾһء
ʧȥϣԷȻǲӴġһоƾԼŬˡ
Ҷ㣬ǱסˣֻҪǾһУԵûôסǵĴָ㹻ıƷֻҪŵʱ㹻˶ٱҲ֪ôˣԮǵģҲҪ£ʤǵġ
ò˵Ǻ쵼ܵģҲ֪²ȡʲôʩЧġԼԼǶ֣һ֣ԪӤ۷֣Ҫһ£ҪѺܴ
һǲ߱ģǾԮǱûԮֵ֡ʤҵģ
ɿԵķ£ĳԱȶ
Ȼʱ򣬾Ц֪үûУһҿԱóģ߰˶˵ҵķ׷ˣ˵˶ǧѲô
һ仰ҽܵ˻ԵĴĿͶŵϡ
ƿڴסˡԣԷ뿴ܻӣֻҪ¶˽ǣԷ͸ļԼĲˡ
һ£ӷŭͽ侲˵׼ͻΧ
ȫ׼ʱû˻İκε飬ѾǲɱģӸղĶԻоͿ֪ǧѾǸ֣ȥ·һ
һҲûκεıˣܹϵмҵףȫ˳ұϾеĴ壬ӵеĵǷǳ˾̾ġƺ濪·ԼУԪӤ۷ĸк
ǰҪľǳǧ·ߣﱾ·أټ;󷨣Ҫҵȥ·ǷǳѶȵġ
һƺⶫʹù֮ȣ͹ģԲ֮
ƺˮ״ʷǰ濪·ˮ״ʵĸû󷨻ʯȫڻ
ǻƺİȫʱעⱣƺʱ׼
ò˵һǰƽãͬһǸ֣мҵķӦȥ
һƽµ󷨾ͻᱻһƳˡۿһеķҲüͷ
Ҫƽƽ飬ǾҪʹУһ޴Ĵлʹǧգۼ̮軹أܲΪЩ˰Ѱȥɣ
ǧȻ۸ӣû󷨵ĸ˳ȥֻʱ⡣Щ˲֪ԼݣһҲûʲôЩ˶Ѿ֪Լ˭ֻҪһǺ൱鷳ġ
Σ˱Ҫһ
ҪȻ֮þпǱһ·׷ɱɲ磬й򱣻ԼʱĴϵĸַӵ붼ͷƤġ
ʶ̽˵Ȼ֣ˣĸǰ˾롣
ʵġ
Ķ棬ûΣյʱ;޵Уޱţ棬һоΣգŵľʹȫɥʧǴǰı顣
ʲôŶʶƴΪⶼǱӦ飬ԼӦɵ
˼£ǰ룬Ϊѳȥ֤ǰǷǳΣյġȻǰΣգԼһ룬ܹԶΣա
ȫעעǰû뵽ѾԼµҪһ֮Ժˡ
˵һѵĻᣡ
Ѹײڶ֮ȸɵкģٶԸǰ漸Ͳõˡ
ʱǰƺ˵֣ҵȥ·ˡطʶＯϵĵطǰ·Ҷǵһ
û˵һӰƺǰһȭƺִټ޷ܣֻܸԷӲƴһȭԱ߸ƺҲͬʱһȭ
ȭݺݶԺ䵽һ𣬾һ죬ƺ˽ʮӰҲ˺˺ü
֣ƺ
˫һӴļУͶ϶ǰ˷ǳǿҪ˸ȻȥԮƺڿѾˡ
ĸϣƺ£ˣ˵ţͷҲûأƺߡ
ͬʱһӰ㵽˽ǰȻǵһμ棬Ӱΰ˵ӰԿԺСû־
ҵΪ˵˼£ػһȭͼһһѣȭͷɳݺ
ƺ֪Էƽ׶֣Ҳһ𣬰ԼǿĹʩչ
ûиӲһƮˡ
ȵƺ棬һǰ壬ֻҪĳܹ嵽ǧĶڣʱֻҪܹܳȥһʤˣ
ƺһʱǣһϧķԼڵһǼȭ
貵âǧÿһȫ⣬ǧҲ˷ҡҡλΣӾҪһ
ǰƽʱ򣬺ȻӺ󷽴һĲҽ
˷ĲҽʱЩˣɲܳ°ҪǰˣԼһŬͻ᲻ˡ
Զ־ЩԾֻаһ֣ԼԸôӦþǰˣʵԼܹ㶨裬ô˷ҽеľأ


1115 Ŀ
ͻȻ뵽һֿܣʱɫɷףƺ棬죬ϿȥǱΣգ
ƺȻ֪ʲôܻ֪ܳˡ˸Ͻһææس塣
طɳ˲ʱ䣬ͣǰһУ˴ĿġԪӤڵĸȫһѶѵ⣬ʣһڿɽɪɪǰȻվ
ƺһۣӶԷп𾪡ʱǸҲƮˡ
ƯЦгį飬һ־˵ķǳȥǺͺ֮磬ٶǺʹɱ֣üı
ƺŻȻͻȻ˿үУᵽһΪķ顣ֻڿһʲôˡ
ĿǰҹʮˣʣĸȻĸʵߵĸ˼ܹһµġ
ŭȫҵ󣬽죬ҪһҲܶҵ
ƺһŭ𣬱վ󣬶ԳɹҲͣ
Ҹĸվһͣ۴ĸ֣ҪԶԷ濹
ᣬֻҪ֪ܣǾͻῼǷһнʵ˶ٿԼ֪ӦݺĴʱ⣬㲻žʹսɣ
⣬ȻȰ
ޣõκмֵĶΪ֮˻һ˱ϥôˣֻսսʿûͶث֣
ԴǵĻЦ㻹Ϊҵ˶һԽô
˵ţһʶʶ¼ʱధһϸڣЩûĻһϸչֳ
ûŭ̫ˣЩչʾǣѵ붯ҡǵ־ôҳһͷҵĳ裬ÿ˶һû
žžž
Цû뵽ͬҵˣô޴ģҴĵĺúǲǵˣһԸύһѵġûнڲ٣пܱͽġ
⻰ɵһʲô˼ҶĹؿɼҾˣҲҵһ꣬һ˭Ҳı䲻˵ġ
¶һ˿Цݣһ˿ô
䣬͸оԼĺһʹܵĳǸһĳһ죬һҽУһӰ˳ȥײɽϣȻڵϡ
͵ϮŤһˣôҲû뵽ԼһĲ׶ĵˣǸԼѪԵϵֵܣ
ת沿ת˲԰ޱȡԲΪ˿ʹһֱ߽ӵ̬µġ
үĲ²ûģȻ˿㵽ʲôˣĵϸԲһô򵥣ң㵽˭㵽ʲô
ѾˣȻƣ粻
жЩģЩǲ֪ģҲԶ֪ˡҲпҪżǿ־һ֣ǲô̵ʱھͿסԷģԣ㣬㶮ġ
۾޺ת˵ûһĸΪ˱Լ߳ܶÿչʶֻҪԼ־㹻ᶨڶʱھͱˡ
ӸղԼ⵽׷ֻҪưӲǾܹסġҪĻʩչƳﻢ㲻ûƴת
ǣڵ˵İʶ£ѡͶһ޹Ͷˡң䵱󵹸޳ܵԵףԼֵͱһ
ƺ棬ǿܣ赲ķɫȻ䷺һΣ漴䣬ɫ˸ֽһĲ԰ס
֣𡭡ƺ˲棬Ҫֹ
ʲôѵҪͷһôߣס
˵ţһ֮һŭͬҫ۵̫һ㣬˸Ű׵Ĺâ
ȻŰ׵ĹâȻɫһˮһĵɫâӨ
ȻһԵô˳µʱιһнǰһָ֮һ㡣

ĵɫˮ״ͳͳˮкذ䵽棬˵ʯУգ۾Ͳˡ
ѵˣѾҿסˣеĹʽҵԺУںˮܵıɱ֪ôģ֪ʹʽڡȣҲԱˣҰеѾסˡ
˵⻰ʱԵޱȳϿңһҳϵʹֶΣбҪֵȥصġ
Էסҵˡõʲô屻סһ˲䣬ϾԶ˾ĺӣѪȪˮһӿôҲĿġ
ƺһۣӶԷ￴˾ɫ
ƴˣ

ŭŷҫ۵ѣ⣬ಣɵȭͷһ
һѪâ߶֣һŭһ޴ͷ״İɫѣѪâбų
Ѫ
ͷײǰȭͷ¡¡խɽڣҵײɽҡҡ׹
ƺ屻ײ󼲷ɣҡεɽϣžž޴ĳ˱ӡ
ǡ
ɽҡΣһһʯɽĶ˵䡣Ϻ塣
ߣһѽҪɳɽ
ʱ¡һ죬ǰɽȫֻɽȥ
ӣӡڲϺ
ǰˣɽˣе
û˵꣬Ӱͳǰ
ӣǳȥˣֻߡ
ֻ֪ˣ죬ϾͻᲨˡۼɽԽԽϽһץס裬Ͱһٷɽ
Ҳ֪˶ãԽԽԶˡٹһֻżʯըѾӽβˡ
ͣͰ趼ŵ˵£һսķУҲЩˡ
裬ǧܹͨô֪֪ΧһƬİʪûп˻ǲһƬûг·ľء


1116 ֮ڣ
ûȰ˵ͼϸֳ޼ȵɫӴָͳһںʯͷһĶⶫһɵ
üͷʵô£
ڱʹÿʱΪʱִ٣ûзм䣬ʶԼʶӣʶӴʶҪλãֻҪ룬Ϳʱʶӱըһ׳ա
ҲΪĲãŲòеʶǰһֻԼҪĿơ
ˣϢʯֻҪΧϢܹϢԽֲԽʵʵش
šüͷ˵ѵôһֱߣôϢʯûвأ
һݣϽ͵ˣϢʯɲǼŵԱϢܹԱдڿռĲлꡣ
ЩֵлꣿǼԱлʲô֪ˣһǽй׼ĶΪĿİɣ
ɫԣŵû˵Щˣ󣬴󡭡ˣġԸǣȷʵǽϢʯ׼ϢʯȴĴ㡣
ʱ֪ԼҲˣԷֻҪÿôһԼļ䣬ʲô֪ˣûõġ
˵ˣŶԷûٴʹÿԼཻһЩܹסСء
޼ޣ޲ðԼ֪ļ˽׳ֻҪԷ󣬾;㻻Լƽ
й壬һƫ֧Ǹ޾ıصĹһġеڱһĶŽƫִĿȡ
˵ÿһͷֻҪеģǾԳƵһġЩģɵй䱦صļֵˡ
ҵʵϲҪĶ֣ҲǳŸϾĵط
ֻҪһ֣ǲġ
ǣĿģһǵ߸ǾеĸϵеԭȨһѰıأ˵Ա󣬶ѱռıظԼһͬᡣ
޾УҲ֪жĵԱ䣬ıϵκ˷
Ǹ뷨ļ壬뷨ҪвƸʵ֣һĿľǰ˷ĲƸҵŪȥ
Ȱ˶ȡǵȨŷϵĵ֮زôңֻ峤֪һС۶԰ʹʲôϢʼû̽
㱨ңŻŪϢʯϣͨϢʯܹҵǰĵط֮ıء
Ϣʯһϣһϡ˭֪ܹһϢʯʵϾЩǱ˼ԽҵϣҵĶǿǱȵ߸ǵĹͻҪ󰡡
ɫ䣬һʱ䣬Ŀ񿥵ļһҲޱȡ
ӣ˾ҾȻ̽ǵıأǿǰİϢ֮ذӣɵ
ˣû뵽ԼгܣȻɱ֮
ˣˣⶼǼûκεĹϵһΪκεġ
Ŀһۣ԰˵裬Żãҿ㱣֤飬ֻ֪Ҿʲôأô
޺޿һͷӣ㣬ôҾͻô
ЦİļȻߵǰ˵ͳ߸ǻ屦飬ʬζΪǣҸĻᣬԸô
֪Ļɲǰ׸ģҪܶܶ飬Ҫ˺ܻûڣΪΪ⣬ܽʲôأ
뵽Ƿˣ˺һ飬Լм̣ڸʲôԲ飬ҲǶˡ
صͷˣԸ˵һС
Ц㷸µҲ֪ģһٲҵи⣬ڼзɻڴ
ˣһϱ˵⻰ǰԻˣ¶һ˿̰Ц⡣
һԴ˵ǶԵȵĹϵˣѾԺеʶջˡֻҪ£ҲԽؿƿһڼлúôġ
ɲѪǾ˼ǡĴ壬ԼӵܵļʮϸģԼʶвӣܾܿͻᱻҼĻԼµӾûκεˡ
ҪԼѾǲܵˣԼ֣ҵĸ߶ȻܣڱҲԼ֪Щܡ
Ҳ˵ֻܼϣԼĳŵЩԶȥܹȥΨһ;
ͷǾģ˵ˣܷԸһȫġ
ЦãǸˣ˺ʹ졣ǳȥ֮Ȼύʲôģڣȳȥ˵
ȥ¶˾ȵɫ·̣ӦǧˣӦǧɽɽ֮Уôȥ
˰ĺɣЦָϢʯ˵ƾͿԳȥǲ߾ˡ
һʱ䲻֪ô˵ãǲ˵ֻܰķԸϢʯʾĲǿҵķȥ
ԽߣϢʯķӦԽǿңϢʯںı澹ȻӯӯĹâ
ȻЩãˣܣϺȻֳһɾηɫţ˫ϥ򵹣İɽĤݡ
ô£ȵ˰ϰ꣬Խʵ
תͷһľηɫ˵ӣžǵĴʥڵλˡ棬ǵأһǲ⴫ġһĴѪҲ⴫
˵ɨһװ˼ߵǰһʱ˹ȥ
ܣпܾǴ˵е֮ڣǵǰ֮ء
йǵıһ˵ȫȷģȴĵطֻ峤֮⣬֪ܡ
ÿеǰҪʱ򣬶峤죬ܹﰲϢЩ¸صǰҲ峤Դź
֪ǧطȴǲ֪֮ڣľءΪҪĵطֻ峤֪ôܹҵûķǾԽġ


1117 ʯ
ʱеȻ˼
ò˵۷Ūûǲǧû뵽ǵĽϵУ֪Ǹ۸ӵԹһĶѨ˭˶ᱻҶѨ𺳣ȻҲͲˡ
Ļ£˺һư֮ͨڣĵ·ټʵʵ뵽ԹĿ׶ˡ
ض·ߣǸ޷֮ڣġ
ɸոյһ⣬ʹһбÿˡǾһȭһ֣ײʹΧԹĶѨ̮ʮصͨڶĿ׶С
Ϣʯָ˷Ͱ边Ȼ֮д֮ڣ
ھ֮ڣǳľϣеǰĲлϢѪĸ֮£ŻᶥĤݡ
İǰת԰˵裬֪峤ĵط⣬汻ˣֻ֮ͨڣпܳȥ
ֵӣҾЩˣΪʲôǿԽȴǳȥأȻ汻ˣѾȶǿһھȥ
Ц裬ͨƣ߽ǧһҾ֪кܶĻǸʱһ֪ôĻΪʲô֪֮ڣҾϸĥ뵽Ƕ·̡
˵ţ۾ϸЩ׵ʵкܵĲõġͨʱһЩ׵ͻᷢλӣ˲ԳȥĿ׵ˡҲ˵·ֻǰߣû·ġ
Ŀࣺǣ峤ôȥ
Цָָİǰ·Ϊ֮ڣĽ˹죬Ż޾в֡ǵ֮ڣͱھˡ
ɫһ˵ӣѵҪ뵽ô
Ҫȥ˵¼ȨǿɲǱѰŽ뵽ģΪ˳ȥͨģˣڿɻڰ˶Щĵһ꣬ѵҪһô
ǰʱֳЩ꣬Ĳٿ£һ񹲷ߵѾܵһЩͷǣ˶ʼٸ߻ңƿǣΣҲЩ鷢չȥ
ӣģǾǰ߰ɡ
ȻҲͼĹϵǿðʲôֻҪǿܣǱ˵ġ
ҪĵطǻԵĺáûŪźͰһǰߡ
Ҳ֪˶ãȻǰĿռȻʣһ˸ĹâͰǰ֡
ͰӿŲǰһһΰשǽǰ
שǽޱȿĿռȫסˣͰоһޱȲɣϵϢשǽ֮Ϸָоͺʱ򣬲ǿմ˵һ޿󼰵Ĳ
ǰ˼שǽǰשǽûשǽĸоޱȡ
ǽשݳɵģÿһשʮֺƳɵġĹƣʵĸ֣Ǹ޷שǽֺġ
ңשǽʶ͸κҪͨʶ̽ͼᱻשǽϵġ
ˮ𲻽ˣóһתޱȵϰ
ҲֻŻôֱʣ
̾ѵʱ򣬺صשǽȻ⻪ʢƽصλϣȻֳһʯͷһʵĴڰˮһ㸡
֮ڣһ갲Ϣʯ£һҼ飡
˺һеĴֻ˵裬ǽ棬ӦþǰĵطˡʯӦǽ뵽֮ڣıҪؿ룬峤Ӧнطǽڣô׽ġ
迴ɢ貹âʯͷ˵ӣĪʯЩأ峤Ҳҵģ֪Ӧôܹͨ
ϸʯȻָһӡ˵裬㿴иڵԲȦצۣǲͨҪצӷȥܹͨʯĿأ
˳ָķһȻѣôһɫԲȦҲȷʵǵצӡ
һ£һƣԼֱ˵צᳯǸԲȦӡϡ

ָշȥͼǸԲȦ͵ͷųһǿѰһӵԶ
ž
ˤ䵽ϣ
֪ܵ˺ˣղŵǹȻͣ辭Ѫĸ㹻ǿܹղŵǹɳ費ز
뵽߹ȥѰһ飬Ȼְܵ˼Ϊ깥һжƤ·ģȻûио˿
Ӵָȡһĵҩ£ƺת
׷ʲôʵ
軹Щήңööͬʱҷÿ°
İ裬ʾúϢȻߵʯǰ
֮ͨڣΨһͨǵ峤ȡʲôȥأצӷǸԲȦǾԲģɵ峤ͨʲôȥأ
ööͬʱ跢𹥻ǰո˵Ļ˵ص֮ڴˣͨͬʱ
ʯӦһŦ֮ڣĲлͨŦⷢǿ峤϶깵ͨŵԽġ
û꽻˶ѽڣ
һǸɫԲȦӡȥ
飡
һۻԲȦųмźƥ깥һʱ䣬·һޱȹ㲩Ŀռ䣬ǧһѷһԼ
ֱһݺݵסʯͬʱڵܣƵ˺䣬촽һųһ
أ
ǧļµ˻ȫʹŤ壬һԶȥ
ǲ
ʵĴַ˵Ĺ⻪еһʧ
ͼʯ˳Ƶһһһ޴Ķڳǰ
ڴ߲ʵĹâ֣һŨŨľӶڴɢ
ʲôвƸܹʶֵ壡ĵطıͬײһڷš
ѹαıʱ򣬵ʱ;ñɸǰĿĵطĶıؾǸˡ
תͰȫʯһѾѸͨˡ
ѹһô屦أֻҪʵЩ԰ʵһĻʯ


1118 ն
˵øɵйһ˵ĸ£ıǰԲλġ
ΪĲƸѾǶڲƸĶ壬˴ȥôͻΪеһж䱻ΪƸ
һĳ߰ϣ㲻ҪΪǵ³çŭǲ֪һ˻Ϊղǵ³çֿĵǸıȫߣֻϣҪŭ
͵ʱһΡΡ
˭˭˵˼ȴȻûзԴЩŭٲĻҿɾҪƽˣ
һĳ߰ҪϲŲ¶İͳĪҪŭ
˵ţһѶѵⱦУһͷУǰ
ԸоǷսղһһɤӣЩ˵òᣬŵòᡣ
ϵУûеǸһ˵֮䣬ֻиߵ͹ĵȼ֣֮˵㣬ʲôԵɣֻǵ͵ȼ׳Ƴûб˵
֪أ㻺˵ԭģҪͨȥ˭֪ôȥ
һ˵ֻҪһֱǰߣһɫĹΣڽȥͿԳȥˡ
ûƭңĿгвζ
Ķƭһĳأ峤ͨġֻߣһҪ˵ǸȻŵÿˣ˵е㲻ˡ
ĬĬܣںһѪеԪ겹һ㡣ɲǼ䣬嶸ȻǣҲޱȵĳ档
лһ峤ߵĶͣǵĴ˵ġݴ˵ĳʱ뵽һ֮Уʱһĳ߹ܵĽѣ߻Ϊǵָ·ƣߣ飬Ӧϰ
ò㱻ԼĿˮǺˣû뵽֮֮ܵڣȻô̯Լͷϣ
ʱѹϽܵߣʵӣû°ɣ
Цҡҡͷ˵û£ҾǸоЩҲűˣЩǰ˵ЩЩͿ
ûȰ˵˵ǸȻȵǵôôĵӣ֪峤ֹ֮ڣҪܵôصĳͷ
һǰһţڰǰǿɾˡ
һŵøϽ˫ϥڵأǰļǣֻΪвѵĿԲŻᴳ뵽ǰ졣
˵꣬ͰȫǸ
ȣû뵽ǻ뵽˽ѵСܸһĳߵˣǿĸ֡Ժ󣬵峤ˣͿȥôصˡ
ͷл֮
߸ϰĽѵһٰ裬תֱޱȹߣ䷢һУȫˡҴеĵһ꣬ޱȵĳ羴֮⡣

еȫ˵ͳĺԷĳ
ĤһĳҪߣȴ깧ס
ߣΪ˷£ǻֳһֻǣϡҪ֪еĵᣬǵĺֻҪǿǵĻǣȻݷġȻѪǳ˽ģ˵ǵġ
δЩΪѣҪЩ꣬ͱоĶԼʵġԼѪЩ뵽ԼڣǻѹƵʣ
Ȼ뵽һõطͨԵԵĶƬԼ档
˼Ϸһ̼䣬еԷ׳Լһ֣ڿһȫµ꣬һͨԵ档
벻ǣɵһ뵽ͨԵ棬ϾͷȻԵĶ൱ġ
ͨԵ˵꼤
ɰŻˣͨԵԼıһˣǿɾ͵òʧˡ
ҪƳȴû뵽ѵһƳˡڰչ˼ҵ
һδն꣬Ҫɵ顣һãϽٻص飬ȴ浶󣬸ŵһͨԵ֮С
ͨԵȻڰιâģεĹâӳԽԽ죬任һɹĻɫ
󺧣ϽͷŵķݺһͨԵһأûйԹԴͨԵгǼڵ
ɰˣ߶飬ɲôߴ٣ƺǲָˣͨԵＤ
һģһһ˴أҪռأҲҪƴġ
ԵĶûʶǿռΪǲȡֱӵķûκεı˼ά
ƲϽԼʶȫעͨԵ֮У֣Ѿһ㣬ЩѾںϵһˡ
ͻȻоһ˲Ŀֲ֮ɢ
ãһﾹȻ˭Ҳ˭׼ͬھǺģ޼᲻ݣǾֱǰĺݽɫ۲ĸԣ߶ʮָԵԸ񣬲ϧһжԿǲŲء
˵ʲôϢ˳ֵļһôͻأ
ۼޱȰʶȫͷųȥѹԼǿʶѹֵļһûģܿԣŻٶԲУ
ʶѹ£֮סˣʶѹú޻Ŀռ䣬ÿһ£ͻᱻǿʶһѹںһ㡣
ıʶһ㼷ѹںϵһ
ںĵ飬ԵÿޱȣʶԽѹƣȻں޷ܹܵںдĿ˲궯
ѾǸȫµںˣں岻ܼ򵥵ĶΪ꣬Ӧó֮Ϊ굶ˡ
ںϵʱΪںײͷųľ޴ʶѹ»ȶһʶǱҪͷųģ
һҪͷųҪȻͨԵҪܵ𺦡
뵽ͨԵһãʶ굶˳ŵķƳ
նһȣͨԵĵⱬըһųǣΧĿռ䷢˿־Ŀռ
һŰ׹âĺɫ굶ƵЮŰ׹âĺɫ굶飬㱼֮ڣĶ


1119 ˶
ǡ
֮ڣĶͺȫһ㷢˿ֲ
ʱɫɷף޵û뵽֮ڣȻҵǰ
˭֪Ǹ꾹Ȼޱȴ鰲ο裺úӣޣҲעĶһж޹ءʵǸһĳֵ߳ʱҾѾеĽ֡ΪطǵĲƸ
˵еĸоʲôǲƸѻľԲܳΪƸֻܹΪչõģǲƸѾлҪûжŲء
ޣ֮ڣ̮ζеһжЩ֮ĶͲڰĿ֮ڣĵģǳһ꣬ҲҪ̰֮
Ҫһ°裬ȴԼ
ӵϵϡ
ϽͶſڵϣӵܰ裬ǰ̻塣
ȣʢ˥Ｋط˭Ҳ޷ı䡣裬һУֻǴ޷ĹȥڣѾǴʱˣһε峤Ҫеĵ߳Իͣ
ͷӰ裬ǰ̻壬ȻǣҲҪǰ񡣡
ãǵĺöɣıȫóǣ⣬ЩϼһﻹЩԪȫհɡ
˵꣬һȺҡҡ׹֮ڣ裬һһɢˣȴǷһ⣬ǲлнԪ
ЩԪƮ˰裬һû뵽˰ڡ
䣡
ʯʼ䣬֮ڣΧɽȫʼ¶˿ֲѺۼϾҪˡ
û뵽굶һնȻô˵ʲôˣۿҡҡλ֮ڣһΣѰٿ굶ٴһ塣
һ죬ǧɽͺǻɽһʯ۳һѷɽе֮ڣһֱ쵽硣
קŰ˳϶ոշɵĿռ䣬ͼǧɽ⶯˼£ȥаɽ
迴һУ񼸺ͣɵɵûһ㡣
֪ʱ̬İļ˵裬ӦЩǰܵĿѣеĵˣڴǳڱе㡣
һᣬ¶˼ɫӣ֪ˣǲǸȥҰ˶ˡ
뷨δûУ治ʱ
һЦ裬ʵҺ˼࣬˶⣬»ָ֮ϣɰ˶ƹǺǳ֮ⲻΪڱֵ֧ԵʣҲΪкܶİײŵĽ
ͷӣ˼ǲ˵ڲҪż˶˰˶еĵ֮һ򾡣
οЦ˼裬Ҫ뽨һȹ̵ȨƾһǻѪǲеġϵѾɵˣ͵Ƕ˰˶һһѾʤԶˡԽǵʤԶʱԽҪСĽ
Щľ̸֮ˣ䲻󣬵Ǿ̫ˣ½еһϵоС飬ӵ˼Ϊḻκ;
̫ƽʱ򣬻кܶ˱ֻʱûĿ飬Ҳ޴ӱҼ顣ɵ˶ʱΪ漰;޴棬˵ʵıԾͻ¶ɡ
Ǽ飬˵ĵУڶȫ¶ûһԸԼ³ĺһУҪ˫ʶΣܹ֮۲˵ʱ
óϷ˵ӣǰû˵ǽˮеǸ棬һжġ˵ɣӦô죿
Цû˵ǰѻ˯£Ūˡ
ԼŵԣһڣǲǸøҰЩˣ䶢˵
ϽˣһжķԸ
ǺãھһҪȥȥҰ˶һЩˡ
ЩΪѵˣ˶һֱǸϵģһ㶼¶棬Ҫ¡
˵ӲΪ˵仰ʱѾʩչ仯
ʹ۾ϸƣû
ȥҰ˶˵⣬˰㣬ȫˣҲ˾綾޷˵ȥ˶˵ûʲôɣ
æͷû⣬û⡣֪ȥҰ˶Ҫʲô
ЦŸԼȥ˶Ĵ㣬ޱȫϡԼ˶ܳ˵ƫ˶ɵˡ
ռƻҪȵʵĻٳ
˶ڵλøȥȻûֱӸ˶ϵ֪˶ʲôطʱֻҪһʾ֪ˡ
ܿ죬˰˶פءеĴλһ˶ԼפزõĸͰһһ岽һڣÿһսʿװݡ
ǰèһ˳ڵսʿǰɾһүˡ
ȥ߰˶˵ˣҪ飬ð˶Ͻ˵ʱǿ׳죬ԼĲӶˡ
Χĵսʿĸҵɿȥͨһᣬͼ˶ԼĸƺƵӭˡ
͵۹ƣ˶μΪͣüݺصţ¶͸¶һּΪԵơ˶˰Ԩء
˶ͨԨȥĵԪܹԼʵ˶ĿԳǰˡ
ˣ֪ʲôҪҪԸֱӸһô˶˵⻰ʱ۾¶˺ɵɫΪһֱǵϵġҵҲûش飬ǵġ
Ȼװ˶˼۰һ˵˶ԼǵĺôǶ뵽£˿ɾ͵ùˡ
˶һæʵô£
ںһ᣺ﲻ˵ĵطϸá
˶ͷ˹ǵļǣ룡
˵ţ˶߽ԼסĶѨ
ĸ߲㣬һ㶼ʮֳݻģɰ˶ĶѨȴʮּªֻмӺһӣҲûбĶˡ
ĬĬһ£ʱֵĻܹһ°˶ҲͨҵԼҪ֪һС


1120 Ϯ
ɴӰ˶ղŵ׷氽˶ĵ˲һɧңǽͿ̿Ĵ顣
ǵһ㣬˾ͽ°˶뷨
˶һֱΪʲô˵һֱɽ©ˮੲݡ
ͰȽĻ֮˱ظŪüȫûҲ˰ڲ˵һ顣
˵ǣɰѰ˶Żˣ֪֮ǶôֲģȻô׺İ֣Լλ᧿Σô
Щ֮е飬˰˶ŵ̬Ц˶Ϊ㸶ô࣬˵ôǰ
˶Ŵӻлعˣ˵ˣҵһн԰ֻͣҪҪһǡ
ţ仰ͲôˡʱæҪλϣͿ˳ͳˡ
Ϲð˶һϲȻ¶ŨŨɫ
ˣǲ۹ô˵ʱȲҪȨ̬ȰѲֵųȻͼıڰȻ׺İֻˣ˻»ҵĵλ
ԴˣԤҲ׼˸Ӧԡ
ߣһʱһʱҲм˵˶ΪҰ¾ôôѾõȷеϢİֻĸɵ㡣ΪˣǾѰһ򾡣
ģ˶־ϲˣҪܰѰİֽĻϵͶˡ
¶صЦݣ֪ΪʲôôΪ˰Ǹ֣һ·̸֮˭֪İöŵڿڲԡ
ԭ˾ȻĿѣеĵ˶ҪлΪ
ֵлĻͲ˵ˣǴȨʱֶԸ㡣Ǿˣ׼˶ԸĶҩֻǾ˾ˡ
˶ûһ£ӣ֪ԷİžԲð֮٣һʵеļƻ
Ҳ£Ӧ֮ߣǾƾͼƣ׼Ȩ䣬ȻѰһȫѺ⵽֮ϣʱ˰Ǹٰ֣Щͳͳɵϻ˭ܹγвأ
˶ĻŭţһֱԼȻ׽ˣ
ˣ˵İֻ裬ô
ͻȻ˱ߵɫߣ˵ҾǲģѾоôԸ˶㲻᲻ʵɣ
˶Ͻȭ˵˵ʵھǣ˭һɴ˵ʵأãϾͰմ˵˼ȥ
˵꣬˶Լ£ǵĳԺã׼պȨʽ
ﱸŵĽţһҪĹǱҪɵģǾǰ׽סĵ֮ʿתƵԺС
ԼΪɣЩˣǳЩƤ֮⣬û֮ǡ峤Բһ㣬ְʮֲʵĺһĵûʲô𣬿̵ܵŰ
ΨһеοǣȻʵǷݲľдϣļƻǷǳҪġֲӣļƻҪܴĸı䡣
ܿ죬ȥˡ˶һĸĴӵ£˳ԺҪг϶ԼȨ
ڰ˶Ҫʱ򣬾һŭ𣺡˶࣬СҲ峤λô
Ӱ£Ŀ⾼ǳŰ˶
裬·㲻ߣƫ֪еһжҵ֮УҲˣ
Ű˶һ£Ժܱߵ𣬰ѰΧġ
ߣ˶ΪƾЩˣܹôô￴ܣ˵
裬ڻŴΰɣǲָİְ㰡ɣİڿѾҵĿ֮ˣ˶Ц
¶˵Цݣô˶治ףΪʲôߵһ죬ң㲻Ϊʲôô˻һҡ
˶¶˿ȵ飺㲻ǾΪʲôɣһǿ߿Ƶ磬˭ֻҪ˾Եͻ˳Ľ£˭Ϊ˭ͰһԽô
˵ţ˶ָԼߣ㿴ЩԭǿڿЧҰˣôҲһôͰԽǰ̲ĵˣעҪʱ̭ģˣ˶Ѻ
Ű˶һ£ųߵĵ˱Ѻⶼ峤ĵˡ
ĬĬΧʱҪúù۲ͼʱܹһ˵Ʒʡ
ҳ֮ʿͶߣߣʱȫ¶Լʵһ档
磡迴˾ήٵİ̲סӯ
ˣҰͳȥɲһʱѪ֮»ģǼ縺˸ǵΣôʲôѵôŭˣû뵽Լǰ
øţֵ鳤Ҿͳȫǣֵһ·˶̹ˣǸӣϲŰԶȨϾա
ڰ˶Լõеʱ򣬾һ𣺡˶ѵû˵вԱô
˶һ˳ȥȴԳЦ
󣬴󡭡ˣǡô£
ЦŻָԼò˶㵹ʩ񹲷ߣ죬ĩգ
˶ʱޱȣת䰽˶뵽ԼﻹоӣֻҪɵԷһлԼƿ֮У
ˣЩȫ£˶˵ţԼҲŤ壬һＸʮɵ׶
ߣžνİˡǰǻ֪ΪǵһƷɡ
˵ţͨԵקһɭȻѹʱɢڳС
ն
һȣͨԵбһŰ׹âĺɫε飬һͺ굶ƥһն˰˶޴ͷ
ʲôȻǱĹ꣡˶ʱŵûɢڱǰ˶ֵķġ
ǣһž޴ͷ𣬰˶ڻףΪʲôԼգۼ촦أ
ϰգչֳԼı壬ϼйµӡǣһѪѹ֮£еĵ˷׷׵ȫͶأҶ֡
ʾ£ǰѰϵȫЩսսڰǰʾԼĳ֮⡣
ջ굶飬һ۰裬ʾʰ̯ӡ


1121 
ڰб任䵽˵棬Щ⿪ߵĵ峤ϣ˵ܿˡ
һɳϿȻΪ˵֮壬޺οСأ
οڳϣϿ˰ߣְѾϢˡʱ޺ź
裬úܲԺǾҪˡ
˵磬Զǵ峤˭Ҳ޷ıʵСһҲҪ쵼
һһ㸧Űͷ˵Ҫ˵ЩûõĻˣ峤ȺǿĴڣһ嵮ʼʹûиıҪǿ쵼ڣûǸʵˡ
⻰һʵĸ壬ǿΪģⳡ䣬ʵأаķ֣Ҳ޷ˡ
λϣ֮ʣȵˮ֮У飬ɰ赣峤ǿ
Ļõ˸ϵһӵڰ£ҳϵĳһͨΪ˵ε峤
λϣǿϵϵԪô
貢ûмʹԼȨʴҹԼԪ⡣
˵ݸоǵǰϢȻѾȥ޾£ֲдϢѹҶ֪ϵԪԴ
ǣͰڵĹϴ˵˵˳ߴңǸһĳߣԼеĵˡ
ڰĴ£еĵԱȫĤݵʽйݡ˵˵Ĺݣðϴ飬Ǿ˴ңѾаܲҪʵ̫ˡ
踩Ͽʼٵ
Ҫ⣬Ҫ尽˶Ĳⷽ棬ǰ軹ǵĳϣͼĳԱͬЩȺ֮ȫϴ
ڰ˶УĵԱ޹ɥҲ֮ڣ䣬԰ѵ˵ķŭȼϣ˶Ĳܵ˻ԵĴ
ж֮󣬵ĸ߲Ҳžҵı䶯ЩȻûзеĳϣΪᶨȫԺŵǻ̵ĵطȥ
еĳȥˣµĳϳԱ̨
µĳѡϣһлһ
׼ϸؿһţ뷨еĳǽһ飬ǿӵеһѪǵ崫˵ȿѵĳߡ
ʥһݣôǵδǼΪġ
ûзԵȾΪѪǿΪѪΪ˼Ǹٹ̵ģǿеġ
ΣȷʵΪ޿ĹסûڵؿϾ˰裬Ҳûаɱ顣
ȷʵӦ˵ĳߴ˵ʹһ㼫Ϊصɫʡ⼸ǰػһĴĤݣΪ
ǣµĳѡϣ͸ƹЩһˡֻҪܹãǾͻݸ˵ĹεԺίá
ʵǸһú÷һ棬ᵽĵĵزͬʱķʽĵˣΪĤȹԼȨ
ǵĵĤݣڿԼʱ򣬾ȵķԼڵٴ˲١
ӣڶ˸ӳܵʹʹòͬȫûиáϲǣܵӻʹԼʶҲǿ˲١
ڰƿص죬һҵ裬˵ԼҪ뿪ȥ
ʾԼȻĶԼҪš
߰裬ֻҪܹİǹãŵһݵ㣬ԶȸԼҪõöࡣ
ΪԼ£һҪʱߡοʮϿɰ䣬óȻˣ»µĶ
еͲټָߣһһǣΪЧ
ȥʲôطʱһʱЩԾ񡣵֮뷨Ǹ˾ס
û뵽ڵؿ˰裬Ϊĵ飬ǡϼҵΪбһɶ⹴³ɺޣ类׷ɱҲһݣܾôˣ
ĿŵԸ壬ǸѪĵ壬׷ɱԼҪǲӦǼֱң
뵽Щ͵һ̸ʾֻҪܱסһĪĺô
ʱѾûѡأԼΪ֪һȷŹҪ
ʹǲ棬ҲѡĻһͷжʱǿĵ˲£µĵĸ֮е
Ҫұ˼ĵľʳԸɵԼѾôһض飬Ͳںٶˡ
Լµĵط̫˽ˡг˼ص㣬ڵϻ˴λõĲͼⶼڸĵص㣬Ҫ벻ҵӲ磬ЩصǿΪĿġ
üͷЩݵ㣬˰Σָеһݵ˵ѡﶯְɡ
һָλ尲ҵһݵ㡣ѡЩ벻ס
ˣ尲Ǿеȹģһˡ尲ǿɲͬڵؿǺǣ൱죬˿Ҳڶ࣬Ա൱ӣҲѡǲǡ
Ļû˵˼ȴίˡ
û뵽㻹Ϊҿǰѡԭģһڽģ󣬾ǴݻҲͷ֮ޡԱӣÿԻˮ㰡
˸ʧʱԼĹά֪Ҫô
ٺٺ٣ǧѷĹͣҪҪЦſ
;Լ͵Ǳһһ沿Ҳ̲סһ£֪ô֪Ŀ뷨
ˣôҶһϵˡûкôҪֻҪܹΪ˰£ҵҡ
۾ϸӵܣֻ֪ҫһ棬˱ѼһϵһǾȻٳ죬˵Щˮ©ζˡ


1122 С
ı֣һЩ䶯ԭΪǸӵܣֻҪвͿԹԹ԰Լ¡
ڿûô򵥡ѾΣѸٳɳֳֽɵġ
ʵߵ㣬µġ෴ģļƹ˵ļһ൱ɵġһʱ䣬ҪҪɱ󻼵ͷ
һҪұϾеľ壬дһŶӣԸǳ֡ʹһСˣҲǸ߻رһַͶʰɡ
Ҫľǲܶʹÿŷ̵Ĵ壬ֻҪͻֽᷢšǸʱ򣬷ǵΪԼã˵һ˽ƾͼƶԼʵз㡣
ۺϿã˵ҼȫûֻһˡҪǸϵϵĻ»кܶ˻ġ
˵ţӴָóһ֮ڣ˳õһݵ˵Ǹ㽻ġ
˵꣬ĶߵｻصӦô˵Ϳɻȥˡ
ϣҵ˰裬ðͨǼʴ͵尲ϡߺԼҲͨǼʴ尲ǣ͵λòһپͲᱻһɡ
˵ǣʵϾǰеȫߵˡ˵Ѱҵ屦صʱ򣬶̰ģΪ˲ͬ˽̱صͼ
ϴӦˣȴ˶֡ǰɱ˼ԪӤڵĸ֣Ȼֶ棬ƺԼֵ֣ܾô޷һڻԼԱȥţҴαӵĿ
ֵܵƴڻ£ŵӳ죬Ϊ˷ֵñأȻҪϵΪ֮ͬѪƴ̫ɱ
͵͵Ǽʴ󣬲ŵǣֻʱִ٣ûҺ꣬ܵ尲ϡ
Ǽʴ͵尲ǵһСϣ֮дĦԼļƻûʲô©ĵط
˰죬ƻ޷죬ŲСķضΡ
尲ǻһ۾ӵĵشһ˹ģСڽ϶ܹɫɫͬȺ
ڵؿϵˣȺԴеȽζӴŴ绹̸ֹϿȵؿϵԸϢ
ߵһջУûһ¿ջĻϾһĵСӭ
͹٣ǴⰡסꣿ룡
һСʮְСڣüۼ͸һɻ龢ǸеĲϡ
Ŷס꣬ȳԵ㷹Ц
ϣйһλס꣬ź˰ΪһԱҪľۼֽСһʳ֪ͬѰԸϽѹʺϧ
ڵС£һ䡣ĸǣ𿴾һСĿջĻã˿½еĿջ֡
˲ʱ䣬СͰĸ̶
͹٣ţԵƬ̣ϾȲ
ŵСʮ飬ס˵СԵȡ˵ţӴָͳһ͵ȼʯŵϡ
ڲͬʹõͨҲͬʯЩǿΪͨûʹõġ
Сǻˣһ֪ʹͣʱֳһ仨лл͹лл͹٣͹ٺ尲ϵˣ֪͹ٵʲô飿͹ٲҪᣬⲻǴ͹ٵ˽ǿܲܰϿ͹ʲôæ
Ǻǣҵ尲ģ֪尲ʵЩôһڣʵ֪һ尲ϵĸ
СЦ͹٣尲ǿͨŦڣĵطҲᱻȾָܵĸʤö٣ҪǶܵĻµһ죬͹٣ʲôģСܹıһ¡
һ˵һʦܹƸʽĵҩСıһ°ɡ
Сһʦ϶ʱȻ𾴡ᣬҲͬʱ¶˼ֺ֮ɫ
óСǶˮƽɵġߵȼʦһ㶼ǻ׺һѣһɷǵӡңЩ֪ʦϾǱһĸˮƽʦǼֱǲӬѪһ˰
ֻҪˮƽ㹻ߣҪʲôԷһġΪҩⶫ;ʵ̫ˣڲĸҪҩĸҪٻָĵҩвָҪҩ
һеǰǣʦҪ㹻ˮƽͷʦĻҡײƭƭҲ尲Գʦˮƽģ޼
俴ģòƭӰɣ
һ¾Ϳ˵СôģЦС磬ô˵ˣǲǾǸƭӰ
ô룬ǾԲ˵ġСԼԷ£ʱͨ죺͹٣Ҳ˼ʦκεطһְҵġǣҪ˭Ҳᡭ
ڴǰҲͲҪѻ˵ֱ̫ˣ˵Ӧ֪ˡ
ЦС磬Ҳõʲô͸Ҵ˼ҵܹҵĵҩ
⵹ѪҪǿǵ尲һǹƥұ˵ңҲǼ֮ʹôļҵֻҪԼˣһգ۾ָܻ
бҪ尲ֲһЩԼȻܰ尲ǱԼΧҲͨԼֲúøԣǳԶ֮ߡ
Сһô˵еˡ
͹٣˵ҲСλãһǣ尲ǵС߻ӣֽ׵ĵط尲ǵĵУȴ尲С
һˣСԼָĵطʵϾƾ³ԷĵطлԸϵƷйļʦȥʲôҪʵ۸
һеƷļֵȫ¶ɣǿƾ汾³Էĵط
ȻȤӴָͳһ͵ȼʯŵϡ
С磬ô尲ǵУڵһأ
Сһô󷽣üë۾һȥˣ͹٣ʵ尲ǵһҵĵ̡尲ϵʵܼ尲ϵĵһڶУȫҵĿ֮ڡ


1123 
ɵü壬ΪĿĹȻұģϾ˼ҵĵ̣ʲôطҪҪͷ߲ɱ򽻵ġ
ңܹãܣǾ§ݴӣһʰˡ
СŸܣ尲ǵУҵĿ֮ڣүѾҪ˾ӶˣоͰеĿȨ·ŵӵС
ڵһоӪڵڶоӪоƿصġ
һĴ˳ӦǵճӼ̳мҵģϴ鲢ү빵ĴɱϾǵӣԾͰӵǣҲǸһɡ
˶֪үôʲô˼ȻѼҵӡڸҲ˷ŪУӣøϴͷҲͳ尲С
ЩϲãڴڲȨʱֵ㣬ҲŻе󣬶еĴжֵձ
Ȩջ󣬾ԲʲôܹƵġ
ıżĵϵӵܣһ־ܵģǸ
뵽ӴָͳͼʯӸ˵СΪͣõСٽһЩ
СĽǺ޲ðԼԺеһжͳһЩ壬ʲôĶǣŰԣ˾ȫܸ
ýζۿСٽ֪ҲˣʵС磬֪尲Ǳô֪иմ壬尲ϻÿǷˮ𰡡
СԴȵؿһ˵͹٣ʶҰҪʶҵĻֱҰ尲ϵʵһң尲͵Ҷ㡣
ЩҪ˽尲ǵҪҪӡ֤һ£ûѡԼͳ˧˼ΪϽϰߡ
ǺǣһѽҪעҵġΪҲһʲôһ£СĿ尲ϻͦţģܸ˵˵ҵô
˵ţְһ͵ȼʯŵ档
Ӵ͹٣ǵģ˹ˣʹ̫ˡҪ˵ҵ飬ɸĵͷ߲һ˼Ǽʴ壬ڲͬϣֻҪйģĵطͶҵӰӡ
СǱĵͼʯˣԼ֪Ŷķ˶һ𵹳
Ҫı尲ΪҾʵۣҾǸܹʵ۵ȨһȡֻǿƱ˵ĺǿķҶһӰ졣
ͨ˵һЩʮҪϣͱ尲ʱմ͵ķæڵ㣬ǻŴԼӰġ
Ҫͨƺҵϵķʽ˽ѪһϵһϾ͸ʵʿûʲô
ڱϣһҲȡ
嵽尲ϣڴĲҵģǸǵÿһ䡣Ϊ尲ǵһңǧ˿ƣϵ
ͷЩҲ϶˵ˣС˵û̫ĳ룬Ҳ˵ĻǿԲŵġ
õЩϢãõС׼һЩʳԹˣϾ뿪СĿջֱǶȥ
ǵķԶԶϡڳǽ֮ʮ֮ڣѾӵ̷֪ĳУʲôڳнĻж뵽̱ĽС
˳ӵ̷߹ȥΡĳǽָɽֹĸо;ǳǽ·ɽһֻһЩ
ſڵسʿҲ̾ѣÿһʿ඼ԪӤڳڵΪĸ֡ĸ֣½ǿѰĴڣǣȻֻسǵʿòǺôֱʣ
ٿЩʿװӳԺľֻ֣ǺԲ˵װۼ̶ȣǴʦַƶɵġ
վסʲôĶģעسʿ˲죬ϾͰˡ
ŶǴӵؿǹģҽǹ㶫ġ򶨴
ԭǵؿǹӰؿʲôõ尲ǮɵļѰ
仰ʿĺôЦʵҲ˵һԽ֣ԼֻҪǱȱĳǿһ㣬Ǿͻ޷ŴЦԷ
Цһ˵ؿǾδûкö尲ҲδûлֵֵǮơ
˵Ǹʿд̣Ҳ磬ȴԱߵһʿ˵˰ɣһ˼ƽʲôȥɣеĴŶҲأϾҲʧݡ
⻰еʿǺôЦʿһʾˡ
λЦܵЩʱһ仰ǺܲԸ˵ģۿ˵ͣһֱ仰˼ʵܵ仰˼
˵꣬ƮȻȥЩʿһĻһϾ׹ʲô˼ʱðɣʱȴͲӰ
̵ģһоȻǿ̣ˣСӲǱֺô԰ɣҪȥȻæˣҪȥʰʰСӡ
嶯пǳһǿɳﲻ𰡡
ΪǸ˻ʲôöʲôôĿͻǵﲻ𣬿СӿȥһУֵܻɣ
ԣȻֵڣǾȥаСӾס۽̽ôˣ
ǳʿݵʱѾ߽ǵĳֱ֣ӵݡ
ɿĽֵĳռ֮ʣ֮һǱȺüˮйͨ
кܳһ֪λãǰ֣ڼռذĶ˶С
߽Ȼ˱滹Ҫӵ˴Ⱥ֮Уͣѯʽʲô
óлǺдҵķȵģǶ˭һֲ̬ȣҪǸĵطôĲҵƾͻֵ
ڹ۲ţȻһڶ𣺡ʲôҪô
תͷһһʮСŮ鶯Ĵ۾ʻ
ŶҵҪ㶫֪Ӧһʱ仹еӵĸоΪȷʵ֪ｻס


1124 
СŮɵ΢΢һЦӣеӣĶ֪ͷһؾ顣
˧޷赲ģȻûԱĿ֣Ϊ˰·㣬Ǳ仯һ˧СŮ˵ȷʵкܴɱġ
Щ̨ôԼĶ͵ȥԼĶʱרҵļʦۣúܣͻָһܹյ۵İٷ֮ʮǮʣµİٷ֮ʮȡķˡ
СŮһ߸ϸţһﲨŮ쾭顣ŮԻǱȽϵûô۹⣬ƾøоҪ硣
ô˵ҲŷһˣȻ֪СŮ˼㵭һЦӴָóһеȵʯݵСŮУݸ˵лл
ۣ
û뵽һУȻǸСŮʯԹСŮһнˡ
ȵСŮԼûһʱѾֿȺ˴̨ˡ
̨˿ɲԱɥͺ˼ҶǷǮһ
ҵһԱ˵ԼҪʱԱ˵ҪʲôзģװҪĶһȥ
ЩˣûȵˣȻʵҪҩʵȥ
ԱüͷԱһָλ㵽ˡ
߼˹ȥԱǰ˵ͼݣŵҩһæ
Աȸղλ̬ҪԺһ㣬ûκα˵ǾͰѻóɣǻרŵļʦģģǾԹƽĽ׳㲻صĻʲôè塣ˣⵤҩԼƵģͨʲôģ
ǺЦԼƵģʲôô
Ա˷һ£һۺְ˵ȻˣԼƵģ֤ʦʦϡȱ˰ˣĵҩɣȥ˸
ӴָͳһСƿݸ˹ԱЦ͡
ԱùСƿ߽һʱԱһӵ˴ӷ˳
ԱһȻӣЦֱ֮СûóʲôϡĵҩСƿװǿսʿù嵤
ֵҩרŸΪģúʹ÷ޱǿ
嵤ȻֻζҩģҩЧȴѣѶҲǳǷǳʦƵҩˮƽһֵҩ
ĵҩȻΪǮͻԼƵҩˮƽոʦĿ׷źܿͻעġ
ȻڹԱʾ£һ˵λСֵܣ˵ⵤҩƶɵô
˲·һһȫû˸ղſ׵ı飬Ȼһ嵤񻹲ֵôСֵİɣɲףΪˮƽʦС
һ˵һˮƽʦһˮƽҪѰöࡣΪֻҪ֣ǱѸٳɲš
ʦͬҪ⣬Ҫ֪̺ĸҩģеȻʦָƵҩ
һ̣ҪķʦʮǶʮ¡ȵͽˣҪߴչǾҪǱҩԼĵôԼַҪʮʱ䡣
ȵܹԼǾǴʦʦˡ˵ûиʮĹòġ˵һʦĳɳ˿ͼįġ
ʦɱȶ߸Ѱ٣ʦڵʦԸޱȹ°
п̬ƢʦɸʦԶ
кȻķó嵤ȷʵǼкܹ˵λֵܣܷһ˵
˵ţһĶ
м߽˼ķռ䲻ܴ󣬵ĻȴǼݻġ
ҲпһŴϾȥ
˷ϲˮһ̴ۣ˵嵤ֵ٣۰ɡ
˿ΪƣЦʴʦ嵤Ƶô
ϵһʣҲ˵ЦŴӴָͳ˼ζҩġ
һͳҩģ嵤ҪҩģѵλʦҪֳƣҲûҩ¯Ҳûиֵĸ豸ѲҪԼ׼Щ˵׼ЩѣȴǺ鷳
ûУִӴָͳһЩĩǸ߱ϡͼʹһ꣬Щ߱϶ʱը߶ߵĻ棬˫һţȻԼ˫֮С
嵤ζҩĸ첲һɨ֮£ȫ뵽˻֮Уһޱǿʶ˲ӿ뵽ڵĻ֮С
ŵüֱаˣһζζҩǿʶ£ڻһڻ󣬱ѹƳһŵתĵҩ
˲ջʶҲһϨǿŵҩ֮С˳һףӵеУٺЦƵҩүС˶㲻ϣ
ŸոƵ嵤еľֱݵġ
󣬴󡭡ʦʸմо;Լ˵ˡ
ͷ˵ҽʲôϽģ㵤ҩֵǮһҪȥסء
һ£Ͻ˵شʦ嵤յҩƷ㣬Ҳһǧ͵ʯ
ʲô˼۾͸ϿǮæúܣʱᣡԽǿԽԵòͷ
ԽԵòͷоԽ
ˣϽشʦǧеʯ죬ôʦõȡ
еԱɻǳϽͰǧеʯø͹ˡǹԱܲʶȤ˵һ䣺ʦүѻû۰ɡ
жʱɫ䣬ƿڴ۵ĺҲشʦȡѣǸжۣ
СԱŵɫϽܳȥˡ
ǧеʯҪߡȴй˵شʦϺõĿͷ֪ܷ
˵ֵ꣬ˣһͷһεҪס棬ǵҹɫĺ⣬ˣǣ
˵ţߡæȥܵǰ·
ʱſһɧңԭЩۿ˵͵ĳʿܹˡЩһһ˼Ѫһܹ
лˣֵǣϣ


1125 
Ϊд̫࣬ЩһҲûоߣһʮŶסȥ·
УǲǾ;ûˣ缸ͽ̽ôˣ˵ţЩ˾Ҫ֡
ס֣пһҪ֣ҪˣҪʲô
Ϊ׵һСͷĿ˷˵ԭʦүоȻڳſǹۿ˵ֱͣûǷﰡֵܼϼƺˣ͵ֵڹСˣû뵽ˣ
⻰о;Լе㷢ɱţǲ֪
žһĶݺݴСͷĿϡ
㣬㡭ǲǵشʦˣķŭָСͷĿ
СͷĿҲǸˣһάУʶԼܴ˴ˡ
λʦĴﰡǳҪʦã㻹ʦ硭ʦǹ̫ˣȻ˫ôãǾûŵıҪˣˣЩӶڳ
һȺΧЩЩʿţǰ벽ԪӤڵĸ֣ûʲô룬ͰЩʿһס
мһض˵شʦЩ˹飬ײ˴ʦС͸ʦǵӣûõ㲿Ҳûõġ
֪Է̬ԼءȻԼĬĻЩҪܵͷһԼƷҲͱˡ
뵽˵ˣҲЩһʶ˰ɣ´οҪ۰
м˵˿ҪɿڵĻǿҪ˵ģЩʿǳļģ˵Ϊ˻һʦʲôΪİЩ˷ˣǾÿϧ
ллشʦҪشʦ飬ܱܲס˵ءǵĹͣǾȻˣҪǳ֪ߣҿɲұ֤ᷢʲô
һʿ֪ԼˣϽ׷ǰлʾ»Ҳˡ
´Σε¼˭ǻǻȥúôɣ
еǳ£һʿҲƵˡ
شʦίˣ硭
ֵ֪ĺ⣬Ͳض˵ˣһ˹ǣز鷳ɣ
˵꣬Ȼﳤȥ
һֱӰˣлһάЦƬ̣һ֣еͷĿϽԸ
֪ôɣ˵
ͷĿϽʦү֪Էǹͣô
ȥɣǧסҪźùͣң׼κηҵ˽Ӵ͡ҿҪһ䣬Ҫñļȵǣ˵ˣҶ֮ŭ
ͷĿһݣ˵֪˸Ͻ˳ߵķ׷ȥ
תصײĴ¼䣬ϵط䣬еƹ㱨ոշ顣
ޱŲǷĴϣû߳ͷ˰Լⶼ֮еģû˸Լǲˡ
ǷǷǴ̫ӵˣһ£һľ¥˽ȥ
ս˾¥ͼһʮ־ӭشʦС꣬С԰¥ѾΪʦ׼˱ڹۿǷ羰ż䣬ʦ¥С룡
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꺺ߵرյĵ񻨴ǰƿ˴תЦʦԿֵĽֵʦ뿴԰Ѿٷ磬ǲ뿴磬źȲ衣
˵꣬꺺ӵų˷ţŹϡ
ǸĹȻһЦʦȲ谡Ʒư磬Ǹ꣬ʱԸ
ٯĻʱЩȣµɽ𺣣ɶǧĵ˶е﷢
ˣҲȥɣԼ￴羰Ҳˣͷˡ
Ůû˵һ
һ˵ȵɱߣǲôүѵǲ֪ү˭ôôģӳķ䶼ռˣ⻹˵ãϽȥ˸ҸߣҪȻĵ꣡
Ǹӵ𣺡ү⣬ɱ£Ȼ˭Բ˶ߣ
ҲԲ˶ߣ˭ôţռ˱үİ˵磬㣬Ѿͷǲôڿء̵ģˣүһȥƣǺηʥȻҸŮˣ
ˣʲôطֲ֪Ķ棬ӣһдӵܡƽʱˣȻǲκ˷
꺺ӼеүĿǵﲻ𰡣ɱλ˰
ȻҺүﲻˣҸҪˣУøҼүӼӣѵбȳţĴô
˵䣬һȺϡﻩ¥ϡ
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żűһ߿һͷ˴һȺɷһ׳˽
һˣֳСһ̵ɢͷһۣıĺͲмһˣ͵Ķٴ硣
٣УǸģ㶼ʶ˭˵ܲ۰Һסˡôģռӵİ䲻˵СӸŪⲻҵķͷô
㱻ԼĿˮҭţаˣ˽˺üˣѵԼôô
ҲûżеɫŮҲˡ
Ķ٣ǷǳģΪľŸѹƣûа㣬ȴǣȫƾԼһʱϲŭ飬ȫȻ˱˵
ҪǸٲҪѵһɺٵһøӼȤ
֪һӦڳ˵ļ֮£Ҫ٣Щ˻ô
뵽ɨһۺˣһƺһƣÿŴķ羰û١
˾ԼҲסˣԼ˶ڣǷԷȻǿ벻̣
ˣҰһӵϣȻɼţҪһߣ
ѷǸˣֻ۾͸˵ӣһŭаҪǲٹƶƤܱƣ


1126 ľ
ߵĶүܻʱ¶һһҪǰ塣
ʱֻһ΢ӹ˺֮Ȱһˡ
еģһϮۣʮȳƣɳףĿǣò񿥵һ˲š
ס֣˵󣬵˲ŭ顣
еĶ񺺶ʱͬèһˣص˺˵һԴˡ
Գ鴤˼£˵ľ֪кιɰ
Ǻǣү·֮ǰĹ֪ͣٵΪʲô
˶ǴװͿ֪ô¶ƣҲϲ֮䳣õַ˴˹˼ɣ̽һߣȻòͱ˴Эˡ
һɢĳ˵ľҳģ˭֪磬ѾͷǱշġɽȻǿռҵİñү㣬ҪǴȥүòǻˣ
ռƸߵ㣬ԶڵĲѡ񣬼ǺүҲðԼ˵ǽˡ
λľȻ֪ǸʲôˣҲЦ٣ɲô˵ǵĸҵɶҼҼġ˵ҾƵɣ˼֮⣬û˵һ䷿˭ġλǿǷ˵Ѿͷٺ١
û˵ȫ˼Ѿʮˣе㺣ûκι˵Ĳǿʶ
˶ʱͨ죬ԶľҲû˼ɵָ˵ľΪҲ㣬ѵ֪ҼүҲô
ľϵЦһ㽩ס˵ʦҼҳĹͣѾκ˸ڶشʦϳͲЩ֪ˣɱ⣡
ôľ˵ĺݻҲԴһΣ˲Ǳβһãľţš
˵˼״ΣתǱߡ
¥꺺ӸϽʰֳľȴתһشʦܾˡ»شʦ¡
ͲΪԼһһŴ̾øǰ˶ĵطȻԻľһΪ۷ʵȴֻһְλǻ˲żüð
ľûһԼҪúñ˵ʱ򣬻ûʲôԼڶʵ۷壬ۿһֻžҪľ磬Ȼ˲俴ǶԷֱøĪݡ
Ǻǣشʦ棬ʵ֪ʦΪ˲ΪҪ׽ʦȴǴʦˣ˽򲻿ɴʦˣȴʦʲôʱˣӭӴʦһ𡣡
תͷԶľЦҼ⣬ҲˡĳȻм֮Ҳ֪ôˣظҼϲ徲Щ˶ӵĳ棬ͱˡ
ľһ˵شʦҲһ⡣磬ѾͷǷ˵ѾߣֻһֺòþƣűźʦѾͷײ˴ʦҼҼȻϳͲ
΢΢һüͷԷ͵ӣ˼ӣǧĵŮ㣬㻹ܾܾҪִܾĻŮȥȻ֪ܵǲԼ˽ӴȻԷԼ
ջˮղžΪŮ㱻˸ˣľ˵һܴôҲȤ֪Ǹ˵ʲôͷ
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ЦδذɣҿʶߵѾߣǿ϶ǳ֮һѾͷ룬һֻݹϵˣܹһô
һ仰Ѷľ˵ƿԡ
شʦҲǳ֮¸öԴʦǺ֮ôţΪиʮ裬尲ʦΪҲ˵ԳΪ尲ϵĴ壬˵ʵڵģǼ
Щ飬һоڲС
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˵꣬ͷԹԺȾƣҲľˡ
ľ֪Էʲô˼ʹ˸ɫת˳ȥˡ
վã˫Ŀַߣд֣оƱ£ʦɲȾưȾ¾ƣֻŻƷúζ
ݺСһ㣬ͲǰƣǴˡûʲôӦһߵҲ豭ߵߣϡ
Ȼã귢֣ʦȻûκεķӦ£Ͽκεı顣
ⲻ԰ȻûˣÿһγǴʦϵЩ˱ϵòȻ˽¿ɶ¹޲Ŷ԰ƾüʦﶼ˰
ѵֶλǿң
һۣҪȻ֮µʱ򣬾ʮֵȻȴǲ˵ˣǱãٸСҲ
ͷһʦǸǲġһױݣصԼλ΢΢¡
Ҳʲôʿ¶ȴеŮ潵ˡܾãһ˻ϣݸߵ͹ӦûϡϲǿģԼȡǻȥɣ˵ϲһ˴ţϲ˴š
겻ֻôһ˿ȥȥıӰĪһζ
УÿһӦϵĻšʵȴÿһΪԭòûûбϵ
У޾ķǿЩײûûбϵɵģǻʻȴЩһеĸλߡײˣԶһ̤޵
ţۣһжҪÿһ￪
Ϊ룬᲻ϧһУ뵽˼ԼôضԶ뷨ѹסŴķǳã˼תӦǰ
ղøļƻӦø尲ϵϵˡе˵ǣٴιһ飬ֻҪţһжˮɰ˳С


1127 ı
Ǳֺڣһܿ
Ϊңǽǵף˼ȫûһڶ
ʱ򣬲֪ǵĳľҪ尲ǵ˭Ҳֹ˵ģʱ尲ҳʲôûƿİա
尲ϴ۸ӵð尲ΪԼ֮ػǺѶȵġ
Ȼ൱ǿԷ뷨ǰѵһҪʰȥ
Ҳ֪ǳôˣֺһʦٵһպʦƻġ
裿
ߣ治֪ôŪͷ־ˣҪǸҳֵĻߡ
ԤϵһģһУͬȹϵһĴתеƹ񣬶ľ궼վǰͷҴһڡ
Ǹشʦľˣߵǰò˼ʵ
ͷ͵øˣģңǶѾˣ˿ΪͰǸˡ
´һ̫꣬ϳˣľɫŮǰң
ôĲҵȻҪǰļ˵ĹУÿɴδʧְ
з飬ʵЩơһ֣ȥˡ
ľôɫе㷢࣬óŶľϣľܹṩмֵķ֣Ͼ˦ӽύôһˣֵ
ľüͷ˵ˮƽҵǲ֪һ۾ͿҵʵΪǿֲ̫ˡҪ֪ѾǿҪıˣܹܺԼΪ磬һۿֻ˵һ⣬ʵΪ֮ϡ
ʲôӵɵԲʵΪ֮ϣǵһְ尲ϣҲûܸȼġô
ľһ˵ҲֻôˣҪ̽һ¶Էĵϸȴҵʶǰ޷롣Ϊʦʶ쳣ǿĻýͣǣҷоһɸɽֹĸооɲƭ˵ġ
һĿڣϢʵ̫ˡ
ƹˮƽ˵ô߲ɼô˵һȣֻǸЦ⻰ô߽һ㰡
ϼᶨ˵ԲʦүۼʦȻشʦƵǹ񲻸ߵ嵤õַʦġʦүˮƽȻȲϺ裬أǾԲġ
裬ҡУ۾뵽˼С
ͻȻ˫ۣбų˾⣺ľƹǾӦǼߵýأӦð
ľ϶һۣһԵĽ鰡һѳοɲõ
Ĭ˰Σľ˵ֽϿǣ˵ֵģûбҲ嶼ϵβ󲻵ͷôб£ҪĴۡ
ȷʵеһ̣ǸʦϿɽо޴棬ΪҪĴҲؽʮʹġ
ϵ΢΢Цţһгӣȴǲ˵
ƹ񣬿Ǻ뷨ģֻʤֵܵڳΣѵʱ׷ңǿɱȶԴֵܻҪװлô˵氡˵ЩĲ
ȴ鶸Ȼһ˵˵ֵܣ˵ôġֻ˵裬Ǹүү֮
ʲôǵһȻƨµѾ÷飺磬ôҪô˵
ϿЦһ˵нᣬ֪ģүӴҲǺġ⣬û֤ݣƾ޾ݵģô㱨
ϸֳһ˿Цհհգնݳ˭áˣ϶ҪҳҲһˣǲ£ôʵ̫ˡ
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ǰүȻҵţ˭֪һֱͷ¶İ⺣үľͲˡľһ԰ǻ
ˣ֪ǵ˼ˡ¶һ˿֮ɫѾŵˣԼֵԼҲͰˣһԼļСӶҶԼĸԼҪǲӦΪԼʹûˡ
磬ӦʦϵѵҪԳô¶˾ģҪʦϧһд۽ύϡ
˵ɣԵ̫ûˡʦƳʱټԽύЧá
Ƴ
оԼƤн磬ɲǿЦʦƢúܣǰͽᶼأҪ֪ˮƽ尲е᲻ϧһд۽ύ
ҵ˼ˡôͿҲⰡֻҪˣһˣҲ޷ͷˡ
˵֣أҲоͷѹ˿ʯͷһ磬лֱ˵ǱϿŹʣʵȴǷ󣬺üͷ֪ڷΪҿǣ˵ɣ۴ģƹˤҲù˭Ҳùˡ
г仰ҾͷˣүǵشʦôǾڴѹңҼʵϲ£ͱҪϢֻҪشʦͻả衣
˵ˣǶľõ
͵Ǹҳ׷Ŵúã˵ǺүʦʵȴҪװѺҵʵǯơ
Ҫһǿһ·ûˣҸ֮Ǿǳ׵ľѣգۼʹѺñ˵жԵ״̬ɲģûлء
з˼˿Ѫ˿ϣתͷľľ֪ԼĻǻ𵽾Եãþûг
ڣľ˳ţģύشʦҪðܴķգڱϾջһͷȡҪǲύشʦͳźλүİǿһ㷭Ļᶼûа


1128 ͬ
ôľе˼أ
һҧ˵ľϴ˷˺еĲҵ磬ȥټǸͷ˵񣬵˳ĹͣǶԳĲӴԺҲһˡ
ľ϶һۣǴһŨŨĺһζ
ϵϳǵ㣬ʵ¶ˣ
ȻϳģŸ̬ȣҪ׷һġ
ȥ죬ȥ죬𺣼ҵһҪúңˣܸʲôۣһҪﵽĿġ
ľϵİЧʻǺܸߵģӽӵжûʱǺ䶯ˡ
йںұһ£̼䴫ǵĴС
˵ôҵвҵˣҳرϺңǰǣ֮ǰǿҵˣ͸ɱۣ
ģҲǸĹϵһֱôҿǳһַİôˣô˵ͷ
˵Ǻү˳Ĺͣó޹⣬ԲŻġҲǵģҵˣ⵨ҲˣĹͶҵ
֪ʲôɣ˵سĹͿһʦǰΪʲôԺĴ֣Ϊӳ˸裿ΪŲòúҡڣǺǣûˡ
ôıϹ˵Ϣ֪ΪʲôŭôʵǺǸٺˣ˳˵Ѿߣ˰ȣһ׷˶Ը⣬ɺүѾչ鼺Уôⲻô
ôǿԼˡѾݲߣҲҪ˭˰򹷻Ŀأο˼ҵѾءˣǲѾ߱ǳ˵Ľ⺣ˡ

Ժܿӿʼʱ򻹿ף汾ĺұȫˡ
Ϊǰļ壬ǵ˶ԺҲûкӡҲûΪҵıеʲô׵ġ
һУߴˡ
û뵽ôңֶξȻͣ˵ѵһºҲˣȴֱӰ˼ǵĻҵˡ
ӦǳԼһʾõľٴɣһ£ǲΪáҪĿ尲ϵңܲǾ;ǡ
뵽㣬ԾԼж档еĻ˸Լ򵥣ߵ˯һеöȫȫǰ֧
һü죬ûȥ飬ɳҲû
һ죬ϺȻִ˲֪Ǽٵԡ
٣˵ôҾ˲ˣҳˡ
ôģ˵Ϲ˰ҳˣôû˯Ѱɣǣ˲ұ˵鷳ոɣ˸ҳ˵鷳ôģˣҿĸһ㡣
Ҫ˵˾һأҿҲǸһˡ֪˭ô裡˭֪ɣ尲ϵһ֣Ϻһɤӣ׼˹ΪЧִˣǴֻ˹˵
ļٵģĪΪǰϺҵ¹ҳˣɾܸʲô
ߣûʶôţֻһ֣˼ҺǱ߿һʮһĸְţ˵үҲǸϹﳡӡ
ŶǵҲǣֵܣӱ类߳ӣ׵ܵܲæô
ôͷǹﵤĳӣҸһΪǹԼֵܵô
ԲۣҲ̫˰ɣ˵˰춼˵Ϳˡ
ͿʲôȥϷɣڵѾǿռ˴˵ų˵

Щԣǵ˼ȫӿСҿеǰһƬ㳡ʮˣҪȻȺ޷ˡ
ЩӿĿֵеķߣۼȺʵӵ£ĵһЩܣԼһʹԼڸȺӴԼҲܽӣߵӽдǰء
ȫ
һſϣԱվŶľϡһԶ϶һĿƵˣӦþˡ
Ķ棬һ⣬̫һˣһۿȥͻǸٺˣӦþǸˡ
鿴ûһۣ˵ܣ㲻˼磬Źҵİɣ
ЦС˼磬ʱ̵ġֻҪд磬벻һôһصбġ
Ŷüëһбһۺ裬תͷЦܣѧЩʫͦ˼ġ̫ͬһֱΪȫǷƨһʫ䣬ڿ̫Ӧľˣ㲻Ըɣ
⻰ɾˡôأֻʦΪȥ˸״ˣ˼˵֣Ծҹô¡ȻûֵܵܶڸӦеأ˵ȻЩġ
ЦԭӲ߳ˡ裬˵˵˵ʲôϽ˵ɡ
һߣ˵Ļּϸķ·һҾʣǺҵ׷ʲôȻͰǺҲҵˣʱǰ뿪ǣ
ľǰһ˵ȥҳ͵Ĳ磬ҳȰʱ򣬺˽ҵţӳΪѵô
۾ʱһâЦľ㲻һССĹﻹֲ˵
ߣľǱĸ֮ˣĻǴ˵ģǴġ裬ǣһĶֵϣʲôʸ˵ҵˣΪôǺңǺҲԽԽţҿʰǺʰˣ
ô˵ǵĳ飬ܴķ趼Ǵڲһ˭֪边Ȼûջ𣬷Цſ㡣
ǺЦ磬ǿĲҵ״˿ɲ뿴ҵФ֮Ӹˡ
ɫ䣬۾ֱ˵ܣ⻰ʲô˼
磬ⲻҵ˼ۼүӵ˼尲ϺòڳһƬҵҪмǺĸ֡ʹ裬ܼҲͲԶˡԣǴ˸״˵ҵĽ̻塣
˵ﾹȻ͸ޱȹթ顣


1129 ˺
ʱо⻰Щͷʵѻ˵׵㣬˴ֱӣƣлֱ˵ġ
Ц˵磬үӶ޹뺣һ൱ΪǸཨĸļƽĳԱۡò˵ܻҵŷ磬үҵ鴦һ¡
ʱɫɷף빲ϲԼʵڴ֮֮ͥͨѵԼͷһΡ
϶£ԼѾ尲˾֪ʵֵôѵǵͼذʱ
ɨһۺһ˵裬㻹ɷѿİȻֵܹҼүȥҪǣȻֳôĶ
һ˵⻰ͲˣҺұƵ·ҲȲѰүӵİҿү壬ȻǺҪѹƵ÷
ߣУûнࡣû뵽һûӵ̫ȻҲôķˡ
û˵Ⱥ˷߷߲ƽ˵
ɰѺˣΪԼƵĵҩ䣬ŪвŮŮģٶͷǱΪ̫֮࣬ͥģͷһ⡣
˭˭ֵĸվϱ۳һȺд¡
ҿ϶ֵģһﶼŶ䣬ϾܹѵҵôƮú޷϶Ǵ﷢ġ
ȫЦ輸Ҫץˣ޷϶˭ؿھɢ
һͷһͷͺӡ
ףվ˺ǰ˵˵λѺȻҲѣͳ㷢֪ΪѵҪͷβһͷڹô
ҿɲڹ꣬㿴Ǻ費ûֵļһôߴͣǸһȰɣ
⻰ʱΧ۵ȺôЦǸͷȻ˫һУѾҵ˵֮˵λá
ͼͷǰһ壬ͺһ嵽ˮһΧȺײͷһȣһȭ˵ˡ
䣡˾͸оĵǵһһĳӹͷ󺺺ͱ֮м䴫Ӵһͷʮɸߣžһ䵽ϡ
Ⱥл߳б۾ɨ˺Լߴŵһֿۣһ㣬ߵǰ΢΢ֵɳ񰮣⼸ռ̷֮ܵ£ޱȺհ
ղžҵôûʲôһſˣֱӾͲ廰ǳˡ
üͷһۺ裺ûӵ̫ôɲҪſڿӰ˵Ҫ֤ݵģ
װɵ㶣ְѺһ٣ܻҪŹȴ뵽ղŵĹͷӣǿǸһĸ֣֪ǲǰŪãҪĻֿҪԿġ
û뵽ʦȻΣѵʱվԼһѣʮָмִζ˵شʦûӵһʶʡñ˵۸ˡ
ʱˣͼϸӼϸȻңһǸ۵ġ
￴˺һ˵㻹ʡʡɣڵĵѾʼʴڸˣٲעԼƢҪڸʴĻѿġ
Բɵһ㣬㡭˵ҿ尲ϵʦҪ˵Լǵڶû˸ҳƵһ飬ôùңһ̥ëδδɵСҲǰʴʣ
ҡͷ̿ˡɻ裬Ǹ˲ٵİζ鵤ɣԼýӣΪ˽İζ鵤ҩöµġһẦˡȣҲ֪ж˴˰ζ鵤
仰һںһڸֶʱɫЩ˿ûںﶩ˰ζ鵤
ֵҩڵҩƷƷֵҩĹЧܹӰ벽ԪӤΪ˵ʶǿȡ
Ҫ֪벽ԪӤڿһеƿߵ磬ǵͨΪһޡ
˭磬оԼĹʶ͹̶У·޷ͻƵһ
ζ鵤ܹʹΪʶȻʹΪϸһȴʹߵʶǿܹоϵͻơ
ζ鵤ֻаҩĹɣƷǳΪʦʶ򵥵䷽Ƴĵҩ˵ҩƷее֮ϲ㡣
ôߵĸ֣ҲǴӰ벽ԪӤڹġңԼҲмʦѣİζ鵤޴ΪȷҩƷʣȻѡ尲һ˵ĵҩˡ
ȴ˵⣡¹ԼѵĴ飬ɲ˲㷡
Сӣ㲻Ҫſڿӣˣ˵ҲǸʦѲûӰĨңȻٰԼͿ尲ҡײƭˣ
ĻǰתϣӦǾ仰ˣֻ֮ͬ䣬ǳĳޣ
ٺЦ裬Ƿֱģλܶùİζ鵤ǷʼЧǲģھһ֮ǲͷۻëҿԸεظǣǾΪ̫۵ԵʣΪζ鵤ȱݡ
ȺѾ˾ˣٿЩûзˣҲһɫأٿ򺣹ʱѾ˻ɵɫ
ұƿС˵ǿഺΣôʱ򣬻ڸʦʺӻءܹôӵĵҩҩô
Ҳ԰˶ЩͿˣ˵ķʵ˵ķϳ⵽׸˭İ
Цζ鵤һζҪҩģǺⶫһĶⶫǰζ鵤ҩģΪڸ쳣УֻҪԱ¶ڻ֮УͻữɻңеҩҲͳױˡ
˵ЦŶԺ˵裬Ҳһķɣû´һ˺ٰ֮֮Ѱζ鵤ںϵһ𣬿ϧϧ
ϧʲô㵹ǿ˵߲˵żȴǸ溣һˣǿǴ˰ζ鵤ⵤҩģҪǳʲôû
˵Цλ̨԰꣬⺮֮źԣȴҲŻЧܹںļҩģǺ֮׶ڱҩĵ˺ȴҲǼġˣζ鵤ҩЧȱݵġ
˵ת˺裺Ҫǣķ֮׻Ƶҩкܴ˺ʹ뵽ʦڣʹʦתΪ࣬ңΪԶ߷ʦڵĵ


1130 ߸
˰Ѻɵ۹ȫŲ˺ϣˮƽߵͣͳһۣ԰Ѵҵĺĸòˡ
۽ڲͣس鶯ΪЩҲûв˵ģоĹ̾ͬһ㡣
Сӣſڿӣ쵽Χ۹֪ǹϵԼ⣬һԼˣǵԼոսĺҼҲ߽֮⡣
ʱ򣬾ֻӲˡ
λһԣС˵컨׹ʵô˭Ҳ֪ҪƾϺе˵񲻶ʦСӣѰζ鵤˵ܹƳ
˵ƽζ鵤ҩļ򵥣ҲûʲôرҩУΪѶȷǳλеƫϵĵҩƷ
ţƿС˵úȴǾƲԼҪͨķܹƳСӻܱԼ
ɨ˺һۣ漴Ц裬㻹ǲã˵ҲûܿҪֵµ湦򡣺裬Ѱζ鵤ҩóʡ˵ҩֽţ˵棬Ҿʶһ°ζ鵤ôƳģҲѧϰѧϰ
⻰һ費ɵóˣζ鵤ҩĲҩҲԴչѵСҪƳζ鵤һҪ汻СƳԼĶŰ
תһ룬費ɵðЦǲ֪ߵغСӣζ鵤ʦˮƽĵҩˣҪҩ¯ֱƣȻٻϵһɡ
ĹҪʮְĻʦ뼯ȫעܹƳҰζ鵤ߵģ
ߣСֿԣ
뵽ӴָаѰζ鵤ҩһζζó̯ŵϣȻЦشʦҩѾڷźˣҿ۰ɡ
⻰˳ζΪԲܹƳζ鵤
ĴΧ۵Ⱥȫѻȸ̸ҶˡʼʱλСʦӣѺֻܲó̺ʦ·硣
ڣλڼСһˣȻƵҩҪó湦ˡ˶˼žŵ
ûʲô飬ͬκһ㣬һλʦˣеһкǲġ
ʱҪеϺŪԼľӪǣҪ
뵽ߵУʦүλشʦô
һ˵ۼˮƽֻұ֤ˮƽڵ֮ϣζ鵤ɲôƵġ͵趼Ҫ辶ңҡ治˵ва
һСĸ͵ٴ͸оԼȫˣʣһڶҷɡ
ǱߣͬΪ˴רŸ˻ˮģ߲ɷҧǿɾͿˡ
ʦСӲƳҩɣ
ߣģҶҪİ취Сô쳣򶨣Цһ㿴˵
һŷʱֿϷĸо
ǰҩһζζϸȻڱţȻźЦ裬ѧŵ㣬ΪѶȴЩС
˵ţץеһζҩģŵУһִֻӴָóһЩ߱һ꣬߱϶ʱд˳Ļ档
һζҩĵַ˳ĻУתζҩڻ˿ڻȴû˿Ӵ档
ߣôڻģҪʦеעúӴ棬Ȼܹڻһҩģһ߻򺣹ʮ͡
ȫɵˣǸղַŵо͹˾ȵˣڣҪоҩģ˵ʶǿȣǶô찡
ڳڶֱͨ˸ȣΪֶ֪ξô򵥡Ϊڸ߱ϲĻУ¶ߣпܻл𶾣עҪ󲿷ַڿҩ档
һ͵һķֳ˺üãƾһ㣬ͿԶ϶һﲻʵ߳һΪɲ⣡

еһִһ棬һֲֻٿźһְֻʣζҩһȫС

еζҩȫУֲֻͣزתζҩҵڻϵһ
ɢŨŨҩ㣬һһűһ˵ţûע⵽ҩǸʦṩİζ鵤Щһʦĵҩҩ㣬ֵζ棬ȴȫȻûа
⻰õ˵ͬһ˵ҩδɣȲҪ½ۣȿ˵ɡ
⻰ͬ˵ҵȥˣ˸ϽųƵҩ

һŭҪϨʱһһͣ
ζҩ͵ںϵһһζҩںϵһʱɫĹʴںϴͷųŨĵҩζɢеÿһ䡣
ɵ
Ĵһҵʶס˰ζҩĵںϴ
۾ɵöҪˣΪ˿ڵİζҩΧһˮһĶιסҩġ
ʶ
û뵽λĴʦȻܹʶʵ״̬Ƕôǿʶ
ͼˮһʶ״̬ҩĲϼѹڵҩĿʼϺɫĹâ
ɵˣĳɵˣ
һȣЩˮ״ʶ̼ͻصһȥְųɵĵҩһ
ʱϺڷĵбĳһֻһӣеĵҩС
еĵҩһţܹЦ׳ˣҹ鿴ζ鵤кβ֮ͬ
ֳȫɵˣʦƵҩ˵ĿǶصòصĹˣΪһһΪڣ͵ƵҩǼֱ񼣻ţ
ͳ׵߸ǶʦֵĲ²⣬ʦһľذ
Ƴĵҩ˭ҹȥͷ㣿
ĸ㿴ңҿ㣬ϽͷôĻˮ治˰尲ϸƣ˭Ҫ֪ôһλʦԲϧԼæġ
ͳô֣˶֪ôġʵʵŵĺãĴʦԼɵҪɱѰ
Цָһ˵㣬ζ鵤Ƶкβͬ


1131 
Բһɼ˹
⵹˵־Ǳ͵ַסˡ
ʦ߶һģڸԵڶ̳ġ
е̳ΪʵӰҲǾ޴ֻҪǵˣϾǰȺ嶼ˡ
ͬĵʦϡֳģѾǴʦַҪҶ˲Ͼǰеʦˡ
ĺԵģʲôߣƲʦҵġ
ʮΪѣųǵ尲һ֣ǰˣ˵ȺҪͷﲻ𰡡
ߵ˰ζ鵤ǰζ鵤϶ʱ¶˹Źֵɫ
ΪҩĵҩźܴĲͬҩŨû˿ζ͸Ĳ
ôİζ鵤ɣЦʵ
ֵͷҪŵҩ
͸ɣûȥߵ˺úоԱһ£ʦĵҩкβͬʮִ˵
֪Ǹ֣ӰԶԶȲġ˼ڴ֮ͥ˵ʵеΪˡ
裬һ°ɣĳûֽšЦŶԺ˵
粻˹ζ鵤ϸһ
û⣡
ɲҴʴʣΪζ鵤ƷƹѣѰʦһͻ֪αѣǶԼ
ЩصͷʾЩҩģûκġ
裬ߵⲽʵסú֮Ӱζ鵤ƳɹʣҲ˲ˡȷʵǺ˺ŪѵԼĲ֪ô˵
ҪԷȴΧ˺ܲƵ۹⣬ҪǣЩ۹ⲻڶ֣ԼЩˡ
ȵǸְѰζ鵤ûȥôһһЩȻʦȴǷùֵҩˣûԹҲܣֵҩС
ؼǰ˵һЩöЩģڣ˭϶λشʦ˵ľʵ
û뵽һֱصĵ裬ȻȱݵĵҩƭңŴһѺ赱ʥһأԭ边Ȼˣ
ɲҷŭЩ˱ƽʱ㣬ķԼ˼˺ġеĻϣصģ캣ĳˣҲͲ˵ʲôˣţһ˵ġ
˵ţתҪߡ
ûһͲòͣΪѾȰվ˺ǰ
㣬㡭ʲôƶʱˣͰʵ
ΪʦȻΪһ˽˽ĵҩƹ̣ԼͲ˵ˣõҩ޾Ǳʦ˵ĸΪֱĳ裡죬ҪΪ࣡
Դǣ˫͸Ȼƣúˡ
ѵ㻹ڴ֮ͥɱô
ĳ˵׶ĿĴ룬㣬еүɵþһȰҪɱ˰
һüͷҪɱ˺Ļδе̫ˡ
ǣǰһ˵λʦʦﲻɣɱˣΪ尲ϵķġ
֪ڴȥǣϾǸԼһģ˵ʲôҲҪά䡣
бһ˵Ҫףһûɱ˺裬ְ࣬Ͳֵɱڶûеµߵİ࣬ЩɱĶ˸ɶΪʦʵ£ɳɵΣȿݶ񲻿Ķ˸󡣡
˵תڶȺ
һ£һʦΪԼ˽ƵҩȱݣǴڻȻ֪·ˣһԼѷãǵɶΣ̵ǣܵ˺֮󣬻ҪЩˣҪǷʴô
ⷬĳĻ˶˽ڣȺз˷ŭܣһ仰ͺȫһǵصķŭڶ
תź˵˰ɣвԱУ죬Ҿͷ˫ĿȻζס˺裬ʱоԼʶ·ݽޱߵһһɰӺ͸ʶС
ʦҪҪʶͷϽధ
ߣΪѾ๼ѾǸ⿪ˣ˵ţںʶвɾйļ䣬һĹѺеȫɾˡ
λǵףİ࣬ĳҲ޹⡣ѾѺȫˡӽ󣬴ҿжһõĵҩΪҾǳк
ȷʵһذϢ˿ʼһ㵣ϱĻ
ֳʵѾ˴ңְѺȺ֮ˣõϢ
ԼһڸոգԼΪҪƵ·ˣû뵽ȴǺȻ˾ش󷴵
ľȻ˼תֱλҪ˸е棡
ҪԼʱϵڱһĸоĽɲʵ˺ԼͿȹ̵үӶɺ
뵽鲻޵ɫĿһʱɫо翴Լһְۣ۾ת˱𴦡
үȥǼүӣǸ÷ˮ𣬸׬˲ٵǱһЩⲿС֮ԣù¼ɡߣ䲻˵
ĸҸĴʦ죿
ϽֵʦԣһҸģ»飬ˡ˴ʦ¡
˵꣬ϽԼ˻߿
ЩЦλҲǱɱΣŻһһ㣬ҺͳƽϵġһҪ˵İζ鵤зǳεĸãŵùңҾ͸ҵһ¡
ЩһϽ׷һףʦȱǴʦ˵ƣҵȻ֪յôʦлֻҪʦҵȸϧ
ЦˣΪһʦ岻ݴǵĵ塣λżһЩҩ󣬸λԵһҿԷģƵĵҩûжãܰѸλȫŽ
˵꣬˵ˣ壬ѾҷˣһȨҽҹ֮ˣкѹƣǣ֮٣Ӧӵĳ˭Ϊ


1132 ˴˵
⻰ߣǵ˭ûʶҵİ裿
׷״ң衣
ǽƣƹ˴ĳ˹ֵһ㣬˺
ʱ򣬺һڸַ׷ߵߣ˵ʦģʩŭԹЩԲӲֻҪ˵ĵطͲ׼Ҵţʡúˡʦ԰ɡ
˶֪Щʾãʦ˵СҲǴ£ͽʦԺɾͲĻˡ
Ͼʦºпܾͱ˽ȵˡ
еݣ㲻ݣ˻ᣬͺпܻᱻַɣ
뵽ͷУɡ尲Ӧһе˶Ӧ˼˴ڡ
仰̵һ仰˲εѰ̱ʲôûˣԼӵеһУȫҷˡ
벻ףôǵһɷأ
ˣȫˣû˰Ķʱ򣬵λƸͳͳԶȥҪģЩѹˣӱʮ㣡
ۼЩָʾ׽ϽЩ뵽ԼĸУΪһһ棬˭޷ʱ˭֪ҪҪ˾£ǹԼ
Ȼܵ߹ĴڳУԼеĸȫеĲҵȫΪľǽʹ죡
ھϯϣûıʾ˵Լھݣʾ̸֮
ⳡϯ˵Ǹ޴ջΪүӵԵʣ尲ϵ˶ķչ
ڳ֮ĸ壬鶼û̫ϵ
һΪʦϣеȫĹۣ
Щ֣ȫǸ尲ϸϵˣͨԵ豸Լȡϵ˵Ƿ¼
˭֪һʦζʲôǿķչ֪ǶôкλʦȻѺ˳ˣ
ԣЩֱָͬǺúýύλ尲ȵʦΪ˽λʦԸһдۣ
ʦƺǲԴǣЩ˾ͰȫעеϣϾǴʦĺô
ϯϣֻһεĸо˿ޱȹʣʵԼ̸ܹܵԼӡ
̸ܹܵеˣԼһĶֵϵˣԼƲһξ롣
ԭҲ֪ģǾԼûеλƵܻܵҵһж̳йȥ
Լ̣ȫΪҳڣ黹빵ĵճӣŻĴ
ȵүһû˻鵱ҲַһˣܻܵвԼĽһ档
ڣеһжıˣ
ʦļˣ尲ϻ˭ԼԺԼеܵܣҲòһ¶ԸԼܻĺ
˷ϲ¾ˬھϯϻ߲ܣȫһ
е˼ȫһڵӣΨһĵȻټЩء
ܿ죬ϯɢºøˣȻظú̸һ¡
Ƨʮ˵ʦôģ
˵鲻ɵһ磬ʦڹؼʱҵȣȻʮοĺ߰
ȴ¶ɫ˵ҿȻشʦ滹棬ǿɲݡֻǺӦø˲Ŷԣҿʮ䵭Щͷ
ʱһ룬һ˵شʦϯȷʵ䵭һЩĴʦƶ°мһϲְɣ
ϿЦͺˣҾбĿİûشʦʵλүүܹͬõĴΪʲôƫƫѡأ
գľƾʱȫˡ
⣬⡭磬һ˵ȷʵЩˡô죿
ֱӸʦ̸ʲôΣҪѴʦ˩һ߰
ϽѶľҲһȥ
ŵԺյĿͷΪ걻ϵ飬ɲҸĻˡ
شʦһˣôʦúϢЩ飬ʦú̸̸Ǻ飬֪ʦôֱͨӾ˵⡣
ȵľǣԼİ飬ԲǼ򵥵ӦĺԼźԶ뷨ġ
ŶȻˣ̸̸Ҳ޷ġ˽վţԼǴ˼һɵȻʧЦ
֮˵ճɴʦ֣һΣΪҵٴлȻ˵Ǻ飬֪ʦδģ
Цλǵʲô˵һ̸δЩˡ
Ͽһ飬鲻ɫͷ˼ȫȨˣ̸̸רҵ
ɣϳһشʦţǳҲҿΪһࡣֻҪǳںе涼ָ㣬ԼƵĵҩȫ޳Ϊ£ɺã
⻰һͶľˡ˵ԷƤһװóһشʦ˼ҵĵҩʲôģȫԼ档һҲɡ
ϾϣĴʦںֻҪһӣѴѵңҪľү빶޷Լĵλˡ
ʱܷܵǵҶԼ֮ģһҪԼɫ
ʱҪø࣬͵ø࣡
˭֪ʮƽĿϰ죬ǵЦţʲôҲ˵
Щˣһ˵ʦֻҵҪǲ⣬ųǵġ
Цɨһۣɫ˵ʵǰɣҵ尲ԼĿĵģǵѾѪˣҶǵĳȱʾл˵˵ҵĴ㣬һľʵǶ۷壬ҿ㵽Ϊ硣
⻰һȫɵˣĸ֣ɲܼġүҲһĸְ
һʵһе磬شʦܹѶľĸ֣Ǽֱǰ尲ϰһеĴڰ


1133 
һʱ䣬žüһ붼
Цôҵʵô
һ鴤Ͻ˵ʦʵĿõģʦȻ˵ˣǾͿ϶ܹġ
ЦҾͺã˵˵ҵڶҪģǾ尲ҵвҵȫӦɵճ̳еģκ˲ò֡ĵϵӵܣӦµļ´
˵һ뷨Եģĵڶ뷨ǵ߸ԵˡҪ֪ҵһв඼˶֣ҪƹһУѶȿǷǳǳġ
һʱ䣬飬ϣľӶԷ۾￴ɵһޱ𾪣
ȷӦĻϣԷȻôֱʣһͼģûѵͣȥĵ⣬ԷͼıҲһС
ǺǺǣشʦôֱʰҾỳشʦЩǣһе㵣ģ޷ʦ˶ĳͰ
ϲĵһıʿȿͬʱҲ̽ĵߡ
ϹȻǻ氡ĳȻģʵҲܼ򵥣ҲҪʲôϵİǰҶԸһ塣
Ҳ׶ԷΪʲôôˣȷʵϵ֪Էиͼ˵ʵڵģƾ˼һ죬ʲôطԼô
˵ҪԸһ壬ﶼǿһ¡شʦĸҿôļ룬Ҫһʯ쾪ģ
Цʦ˲˵ȻѾ˵ˣʦ԰ɡ
ʹ죡
˴ָص尲ϣʰңҪȫһҰҶʰˣߺҪٻĻܿͻָҪĽһҲûޡ
ңһʱûӦ뵽һ壺ң㣬㡭ȻҪ
˶ʱ뵽ָ˭ϾһӴϱ
ôôǺôЦ
ϿЦһ˵ʦȣѰ˵ˣ˭֪Ǽе尲ϣϣ˭Ҳ׶Ұɡ
ǺǺǣе񻰶ǱƵģѵǲһ񻰵ôЦмյζһǺƭСһ㡣
˿ˣʦʲô񻰶ôñƵġҶ˵ֱǾްһĴڣɲǳ飬ֵ鰡
תЦҲΪô
ֽʦң尲ÿһ˶Ϊġ
ڿѾû·ˡǰǿǵô˵˵֮Ĺϵʰڱеģʱǲңһ׷ŹôЦЩаˡ
ʱĿɿڴô˵ˡ
ʦǰӰ;ᣬһͷײ
Ǻǣɲ˵ϣԶǷģһˣ˵˸߲ҽҵĽءзлرǺܹƽ飬ɲ㰡
鳤̾һ۾תϡ⣬϶ķӦôң෴ģϷ뵽˳˼Уֳ벻ɫ
ˣúһ£ܳɹȻãɵĻڣӴصҵĶľš
˵꣬ƮȻߵ˷棬Ժȥˡ
磬ǺðΪһô˭֪Ȼǡȡֱһӿˮƫƫ²ʲ¡
ǰο˵ʲôˣҲżˡҵǾãشʦ˵ĵһõĻᡣ
һʵ磬ʲô˼
룬شʦʵ϶үүҲδԣۼүӣҲǲܵġΪʲôأشʦΪµˮ©ҲǾ˼ǵġ
ϵĻ鰲ˣһ֣ʾϽ˵ȥ
룬ǴλүүӵλϣǸҲҸһƴ
еˣ԰س֮ˣΪʦôƴġ磬˼Ǵʦеľʱп̵ܱľòıԼ
ϵͷ˵Ӧþġûдʦ֣үӰ֮ᷢʲô飬˲¼ٱɣشʦҪľֲƴҪԱѹòĵù̬ơ԰ǣͬʱҲǴʦľ֮
ǡҪðŸҾѵķգңȡµľľްԿɲ˵ܹܵİ
شʦĻһĵġǾ᲻ùеļҵƴһƴ룬λᣬûشʦİү֮󣬶үүܷŹôүǸʲôģﲻôϺò޵İһˡ
һ϶ʱ¶һ˿ɱΪ˴ѹԼģҲͷϣûкҵ¼㻹ǻҽڴѹԼġȨԶһģûκεԡ
һ֪뷨ˣûУҵʱ˭ðѪƴһصģѾǱƵ·˵ĵزˣѵҪ˼Ұѵڲϲƴô
ֽһ߬϶ʱӿ޵ɱ
شʦǴӦˣҪѶľĸ־磬ֻҪĸ֣ԶҲҶԿǺΣʱ򣬱˵ҵĲҵ尲ϵĲҵȡô
ǰ۾ֳһ˿
ã˼ҿˣҲνˡشʦȻܹṩĻᣬƴô磬˵öԣǲܵȵ˼ҰѵڲٷӦֻǸʱƴûطƴˡߣǳȥһӭشʦ
˵ţż϶ľһߵԺӵС
һ˵ʦʵ޶֮ʦȰȴˡˣһжʦģֻҪʦһ仰˵ʲôҾ
ЦˣҲһ׶ҵڲҵˣֻҪϵõģǾԲκεġ
⻰ֱǾϲӣǸּһաҲ˵飬û̫ķˡ
Ͻ߽˷䣬ٷϾƲˣҪشʦٺúðѾġ
һؾûʲôˣ˵ԼļƻƻǷּߣռƻһʵִҹͬĿꡣ


1134 Ҳ
֪尲ҪʰһǼʴжѣΪܰ尲ϳװεҲɷѿġ
ΨһܹĿĵķǷһܹһزĳһ׵飬Ҫбֵʱ
¶һȻ۲˭Ŀɷߣ鲻һѡ
ǵĵܵܰȵصʱ;ѷֵĶ趨ϡ
ļƻʵȿʼľеϽһǿȻٰӰסңȻγһΪ׵尲Ǵˡ
ֻҪĿʵˣôұؽᱻ尲ǡ
ΪǼʴ壬Ҫ尲ûģɹؼôһƱҪټҵĴ󲿷һɲУ尲ܹΪ˸Ĵܳܵġ
ˣҶԱ尲ǵʵҲֻĬĬܡ
ʱҵŭؽתƵԼϣʲôϵأҵĳѾܹǸˡ
һļƻ˸˵ֱðҲû룬Ҳô
˵Ǹʲô尲ˣԿңǰͳһǶ붼롣
ĵһıʿʲô鲻˵ȴ˵
شʦ˼ҪҷĹȣǼѡҲûʲôؼҪ뿪尲ǣһɱˣҵʵ֪ģҸȼ
֪λ˼ܣµˮ©һǸı͵˲ţ˵ļʵԺܻٵ⣬˼ô˵Ҳ޿ɺǡ
ǺǣǾܷġҼȻǾǸ˳ĺ·ʱľʵҸ³ĵҩ尲ϵиȫҪǣһһЩװ󷨣Щ㹻ǵֿҡ
˵һ½˵ҪģǲҪᰡⲻ˵Ǵң˵Ҫ⽻ϵĹơһߣǿϵļҳȻ˵ɴС꣬Ҳѡվô
ɸƴЦشʦһϯʤʮ鰡
˵ϿһͶľľ˵Ľڣȫ˵µκεһ尲ѡվκý룬Ӧǿϻ¸Ļǿɱ
⻰ʵϾǰѵȫ˵ʾ԰شʦļƻһˡǾϻûѵͣҪϺõģǲеġ
ľһۣӶԷ￴˶һѵĺ顣ǳûеˣȻѡһߵڣǾɶҲ룬շļƻɡ
ϣе鶼ָ¸ɵģʵϣÿһĲΪжġ
ȸɵǶԼĳŵƳһǧİζ鵤ЩҩиЩ˺ȱݵĵҩֶһ
˼ЩҩϾǳɱ۴˦ΪľӪһȱƵ
һΪ벻ǿЧЩԭûںζ鵤Ҳӵһҩ
ǧİζ鵤ʱͱһաҪǣ尲ϸõϢȫ˹Ҫһζ鵤
һʱ䣬ǼöãＸѼһ㼷˸ɫ˵ȡȫɳȥάҲ˿ûмǽͨѹңѾвѺõˡ
˾˵˾ȰŪһ̬ƣȻټӼ۵ζ鵤ûô׬һʡҥԻϣµҥԣڻҩͼסĲӳư֮Ļһ㡣
̬£鶥סˣֻټشʦ϶ľӦԡ
뵽˰ѵҩ۵⣬һ˵ȷġΪζ鵤ԶԶԲ۵ļλۣԲŻĻ۳棬ֻҪѼ۸Ǹ߼λĳͻὥʧ
ȴͬĵǣһֳȹ̵Ȩϵ²ܹеġˣ˵尲ǣҶһƴڡ
Ӽ۵ĻƱػᵼû򵽵ҩʱҪǱĵץסҥԣƱػܴܵӰ졣
ַһ棬˵ֻҪ尲ϵıˣȫܵͼλһζ鵤Ȩ档
ǣмΪ˳ûı˽ϣͨ˶ȡһЩҩﵽɸ˵Ŀġ
ˣҪԸеǼᣬֻҪǷļ԰Ŀǰĵͼλһҩ
Ϊ˻ǵĽͨѹ˶ȥһѰͷζ鵤͵ϵġ
һ˴󲿷ҲǵѴеǼһ£һԳߵظˡ
飬飬ҪʵԼĿ꣬ͱҪԼŵνҲָΪ
ƽϢ¼һ߰ͳּӽưζ鵤һ߸ľܹΪĵҩ
ľӵе磬Ѿ˶۷塣Ҫ븨ľ뵽ͱҪľʶǿȡ
ڰζ鵤Ļϣ˶ʮζҩģʹЧܹﵽľεĸܹʵͻƵʶǿȡ
ȶľȶסԼʶǿȣͨԼܲ䣬öľṩʵΪͻơ
ľͻƹУǷǳΣյġΪÿһηԾˮɵӣÿζǱըʽ
ÿһε߱ԶһĹͷɶľû뵽һ£Լը羹ȻȻƽȾͽ뵽Ϊ硣
ȶľͻƳɹϾͷݵǰлΪһСɲŤ̬֮ǳĵʵܡ尲ϣĸѾǼеļޣΪ尲϶ĸҲһ֮
ľǧҪΪͻôɣԺͻƾʱҲôɡ
һεͻƣҪ˴󹦡ܿɲܹõģҪб˵黳£ּܹһܡ
ᣬ˵˶ľֻҪ۵ָȥܹʱûо尲ǱԼ֮أȴͨɢ۵ӣӰ쵽尲ǡ
жľ˴ͷ尲Ҳѿġ


1135 
ƽϢ˰ζ鵤ļ¼ҪӰɢѾһҶ˭Ҳ޷ľҲѾƽΪ磬ⷢչѾǲ赲ˡ
尲ǵĵڶƮǿ
Ʈĵ̣Ϊү빵֧ţƮǵĸʮȹ̡óȻȥ㣬»ûžͻᱻȡһڹͷķС
Ϊζ鵤õľ޴вƮǵҲ齨ϵЩ̸˵شʦҪƮǿһӣҪһĵ档
ΪشʦƵҩƹʹõģûбĿġ
ڱҵ˵Ǽֱĺ¡شʦ˭֪尲ϵʦ
˵һ棬ʮټ䣬Ҳǲڻ¡˭֪ζʲôǾ͵Ǽشʦģ
ƮǱҵңҼõµıٿ˼飬ר顣
ҵȫһߵ̵֧شʦʹãһ棬شʦͷʵ̫ˣڴζ鵤ļ棬иɵģ˭֪ⱳ϶شʦ׿ϵġ
ΪʦǲģʦΪ˿гԼĵҩϡȱ̶ȣֱӶۣг۵˲ô滨ҰѼ۸Ϊʦϡȱ㲻ϰټǧҵ̼Ź
ԣеĶһΪشʦһִٳɵġûشʦͷнҲҰѰζ鵤ôˡ
ƾ˼ôֱʣ˵˼ҸͲ񺣹רĲȡĴڡ
һ棬Ҫ׳ʵͱҪشʦĵҩֻҪشʦĺøУֵҩӦ⡣еʱĵҩмУǮ򲻵
شʦϵͲˡ
ȻҲ˵ģϾƮǣĵ̣شʦϾӰУ᲻Ĳ졣
ϾƮǵĳһʹҲǲò鰡
ܿͱûˣΪҶǰҵܵܵĵΪү빵ĸ档
ڣȻôɣǾǰһжˣشʦƣҸ㲻öҪˡ
ѩ̿ҼöˣƮĵضڳʮӸشʦʹá
ҲƣڳʮӣɵĿͻʧʮ⳥˼ҽⲻǲˣΪشʦӣҪƮǵ£ҾҹҲҪ֧£
̼ҵԶģһϧѪ̬Աߵ̷׷׸Ч£ʾԸ֧شʦƾ٣Ҳ̸ڳ
е̼ñҸݣ˵̵ƹ˷֮⣬еĻȫ£ǣǵĹǮոֻҪشʦ˵ָӡ
Ʈ׼ʱ򣬺ȻһȫԼڳˡΪ׵̸ʿȫشʦ̵Ҷȫժ£͵شʦԶˡ
Ϊ˱ӣƮǲûдµĺʦүص˶ûֻ˼Яʲ˷Ա
˰ӵӴĵط֪еһж׼ˣֻҪ֣ϾͿɿҵ
ƣͽãԱʾԼƮΪ˺ͺƵĿġһ˵ڣϾͻ˵һº
Ҽڵطǳĳߣ׼õҶױָ֣꣬Ͼ˰ҾװȻϡ
ţǱϾ뵽һƬҵϲ쵱С
û뵽ЧΪкܶĹҪûϵе鶼˼Ҹˡ
ϸһ£ҵ۹ҪԶԶ½ڵؿĵ͵Եʡҵ߶ȷ尲ǣֻҪᵽ̻Ǿһ̻󻯣ֻҪˣһбȱ˭Ըġ
鷢˱仯ļƻҲҪӦĵ׼ĿҵϣָԼƮǣûбĿģҲĳһǵҩ
ѵ̶Ϊãǰҵĸ󻯡¹尲Ѱյҩ࣬öԳɱ۸빩Ӧ漰Ĳҩ࣬Ҫƽ񵵴Ҫճ
ֻһЩĵҩϣòŻݵҩѶԸշѶۡ
õּеȫΪõٺȲʡΪʦҵȫ¢Եҵ漰⣬ʦҲŲĶȨ
شʦƳĴʩ˵֮£ǰ޹˵ƾ١
ϱʾõƾ٣ΪƮǵ̼ңѰʳĸ񰮲ߵ˽죬ӽҪѰգʽϣϸ֧֡
ϵµĵ̣ȫ޳ʹãֻҪƵ¹ƽ۵ҩеȫ޳ڳרõĹ̨ѹʹãһᲦרŵչĹ̨
ôϿӣƮ˭̳֣ұǳһЩһЩӣ˶õĸ൱˵ġ
ϰչȥҩȻҲͲܵڶȥͬĶˣøҴռ䰡
Ǹ׷Ч£ʾԸЩ飬еרҩ̼ңʾԸƽṩҩԭϡ
һһԷ磬ֳŵĶԴԴϿʼӿ롣
𱬵ĳ棬ҲˣƵҩͬʱӸѡֵӵܵԼһæɻһҲϤЩ󱸵˲š
ͨ۲죬ѡһЩֶʮҳϵӵܣÿһЩ֪ʶݵԷԺУȻָЩ˽ʵЩȻʱеϵĵҩȴǿ԰ѵ͵ȼҩƷƳˡ
˲ŵͬʱԼ˼ҲЩҳϵĵӣΪЩƶһϵеĴ˽ĹءЩأԼΪּģЩӵļҲֱ֧ӵִµĹء
һʱ䣬ƮеĽȫϡƮʼ뵽˽겻״̬С
ţʦƮǵٶ˭֪ⱳζʲôȻΪʲôϵһ£ֱ˸ط֧˵صִûκεĹϵʵΪѾִ߹ơ
㱨ϢջʲôԲԱˣž˵Ϲ˭֪شʦ飬ҪûĿĵĻǲŽгˡ


1136 е߾֮
⣬㱨ԲҶԴҵķӦƽʱҪ˲µƮ⣬ȫԵԼԸֵ˹
ȨڴˣʰǺϲǿˬˬǣȨҲвҶʱǾʱ
ݻ㱨ÿҵʱƮǼһĴ嵽أǴǮ˰á⻹ǲִ֮ɵ飬Ҫ֪ͨ˵ĻеĴ嶼ᵽġ
ƺƴĳ棬ɵӣҲ֪Ӳġȥ㻹˶磬ϵˡ
谮ĵӣү빾ס尲ϵһбޱҵľݵС£֮ԱүϲΪеһж빣̸ֹ·񣬼үӵķ档
飬еĸף󲿷ʱºʵһϺ˵ĸоүӴСϲ϶¶ϴ顣
Щ黫ۼүϲ磬͸Զ粻˵˵ϴĻ
ȵˣìܲûиƣԽԽҵơûģΪҶ֪պ̳Ҽҵģֻеһ
Ȼû϶£״ӲøԶϵճӵݣڼҲһġôţôȨȷ̳˵ϣҲҰѵճӼ̳Ʋ¡
ʹӷиӹϴȴֵ˵һ¼ϣзԵʹûֹͣ
ңľʵıĸ˸ȥⲻò빶Դ̳˵֮
үҲˣɾͷãԾͿӣ֮䵽˭ʺϵ̳ˡ
Ƿ¼빴ΪΪֱ֪ߵغ񣬾Ȼҵ尲ǵһʦˣ¸ߥ£빾Ǹջ
û룬Ȼ˵ڸˣ鲻ȹԼǵĵλҴзҡֱϣͷǹܵܵ˼
빱ƽϢһµģ˵Ǹشʦʵ̫ţˣ尲ϵиֶڽύһʱ䲻ó档
ż֣ΪʶǸ￴ųһĴҪ㷭ˣ
Ȼ֪еȰӸһ£Ǻ˵ȵȿ͸Ūȥˡ
ڣԼ˵ϴشʦѾƮúܴ̾Ҳ޷ˡ
ҵ빣ʩ״ˣ˵Ǳߵô
빱ּĲҵɼеһһȫ֮£飬ô᲻֪أ
ţ˵һ㡣ͦڵģ쵽ĵˡ۾ţ˯һǻȴ͸ޱȵס
һ⻰ЩԹ˼Ͻ˵ǰ״ˣһе㲻ص˵ҪǿĴдʵĵֱ̣Ӹֵ˵ҺΪҵҲ᲻ֵ֧ġ
΢΢۾еĿ˵ţһ㣬˵н֪һҪҪȣϴôȷʵеֵܲ˵ĸо
һ֪ױԼ˵ˣ͸Ͻٽһȴ
״ˣҺҪĵϿչҵ񣬱һԼ˱Լ˸סˡ֪״ǲſֵԵʡڴΪԼ˶Լ˵ɰ䷢չȥܶᱻ缷ߵġ
үΪͷ۵ĵطԣӶǵӣ˭̳мҵһɶֵɾʹһˡΪڲҵļ̳ϣӮͨԣɶʣ¡
һʰ⣬ͷۡ
һ£빾Ʈλ尲ͬǻһʦ
Ҳ湻ƻģǶܵƮһˣô£Ȼ£ȸеһ𣬵ȥ
뵽λүӦû뵽үӸˡôţϾ˼ҵĵͷϣһЩٲ˵ġ
Ǻǣݹ٣ĳʧԶӭʵǸЩģΪ²ʧʧˣ˵ݵǺܿڱȴûа־ʧӡ
ҪܸԼָ߶һµķǶԵȵѹϵãĻҲֻ˵Բˡ
ȴǲΪƣΪүӽӴ̫ˣʵλشʦԶˣ̬ȱشʦŶˣҲû취ΪʦС
شʦˣƮ´˵£ȴûеһʱ˵ǵʧˡشʦΪƮǳһɺãҲ˾ˣֳĻȻҲǼԦ·
Ҳֻ΢΢ͷͺҸӵƮǳ︰ˡ
ʵûа취һҵӵ飬ֲòֻԼĶӿ
鰡һʱ䣬Һʧ˵شʦƮǿһ£ⱾǼ˵ĺ£Ϊʲô˵һûΪشʦ³һ˵󰡡
⻰Ǳ̨ʵСʲôΪҲ֪뼷ܵܣǿһģҪȨֻҪڣ㻹ջӡ
ɲĶթĻｻ̸͵͵һֻǵЦҧ˵׽ѵļǣһǸ׵Ľ̻塣
ʮԼƿؾһ仰ƻҰЩ͵ϴһ㡣
뵽빵ϲЩɫЦشʦһµµĵľȮӡشʦңʹ˿ɿѯĸˡԺȮӻشʦָһҪݴʦΪοΪ֮Ĳο
⻰˵ÿȴǰһɵ̬ȡǾ˭Ϊ̳ˣ˵㣬ţҲһοѡҵ飬Ǳ֡
ˣɵùЦˣĳֻһССʦεºָ尲ǵһĹӣĳֻ˵һ仰ҹ£Ψе߾֮仰ΰ
⻰빵ĻҪˣ˼ͬǲɡ˵˵㣬ֻһԸе߾֮˭˵֣е޵Ͳ˵㣬˵㡣
֮ɵüͷһ˵شʦ֪˵еָķأ
ɫ˳񣬴һҲ巢󣬴Ҳ飬Ҳ£ʿҲ


1137 СӲص
ȨıǲԶˡ
½ϵһͳһȨĻʵۣһһ۹
ǰ״һȨϷȻǲԶˡ
һϵĲ¶ɡ
ٸҲһʦʦĺٴҲǲܶԱ˼ָֻŵġ
Ǽɻ䣬ôıûܣ˵е˺޵ĸоˡ
ϰϵĲˣΪ˵ĻȻָûָֻдʸ˼ֻǾ£˵ԼĿҲ޿ɺǰɡ
ǺǣشʦᣬҵȷܹӴġҵ飬ʱҪٲ鷳شʦˡ
Ҫ¿ʹ˰һҳҹû뵽ȴûзŹᣬֱ˵˵Լ뷨
ˣЩ飬鷳ҵϲų֣еʱ򣬹䣬ˮɣ˭Ҳֹ˵ġ֮˭Υ棿
⻰Щϵˣ϶ʱһ˪
شʦҾһУЩ飬Ǳ˵ļ£ܿδؾܹܵ˰ɣ빼һ࣬˵һǧһҵ飬үӻоȨġ
ЦֻδذɣľѾĸˣûʲôܹ赲һӵֵ˵Ըأ
빣үȫĿɿڴǿֿ飬֤һ⻰ǲġ
û뵽Լֵܼǽ֮Ȼôôֳ˵ףʦүӵԲŵһĻĳ֡
ү밴ͰлشʦǰүӱƵ޴ˣү̯ˡľΪ飬һֱƣʱ̲
ڣشʦޱ˵͵ֱӸ߶ԷˣͷֻҪԸ⣬ԸⲻԸ⣬λþǱ˲Ⱦָġ
֣ǿ尲һеռռܰа⵹һ档
һ£˵شʦľȷʵѾΪ硣
ƽһ仰׻һ㣬˵ʱ򣬻𺳣ɴõȷǾͲˣһִľо
ϵļⲻϳ鴤֪ǸǰһֱѹĴѾ㷭ˣڲүԸⲻԸ⣬ʲôϴܹһвƵˡ
빿Цһ˵شʦǴֱʰȻܰһָĸ֣尲بδĸˡ
˵ת飺Сӣشʦ㣬Ҳ˲ƵĴ۰ɣҵ֣㾿ʲôشʦΪ飬ʵǲ²˵˵Ҳʶ
鿴һ۸׺ܵܣʱԼǰû̧ͷʱ򣬿ڣܵڶԼʧ񣬻ԼײôԼ˳۵飬ȻһС
ָоһоƿصּ˵УֻҪȨһоͶ⣡һУǰشʦͣ
뵽Ͷȥ˸мһƳȻ󻺻תǸǰԶǸɽڵĸϡ
ڣһֶԵȣǸ̬Ÿˡ
״ˣشʦҪܼ򵥣ǾҰԸҡֻҪɨƽң尲׶֮أҾ˶شʦĳŵ
˵ƽһĻȴ˸Ӿˡ
ʲôԸңҪԸǵңн֯Ÿӵɫзŭоһ˿ڼ빶ôϣԼжǴģ̫ϣشʦҪԸĲǵҡ
ǣеһУĻشʧˡ
״ˣΪͨļ뵽شʦķôشʦʰģǵҡ
빷һ̱ϣҲһǲࡣ
飬ֱǴ治ָеΪȴΪһ˽üڲˣƵֵıԵֱɥĲҵİ࣬ҵͽ
ʱ֪ٲ¾޳ͷ֮ˣΨһϣǰϴͽһܹ࣬üе˵֧֣֮⣬үҲˡ
϶עĴǣ鱻ѹ꣬ԹڱˣҸô˵ѵ˼ڳļѵôƾһ㣬һ²Ϊɡ
ͱˣ´û뵽Լһôͷһϴʵ˼δؾͷڲԼ£װװӣǺױԼġȵʱ죬һ¶Ǿһͷ˭Ҳǵޣ
ǺǺǣϴаڳӲˣڸ׵ǰˡеĿɬݣشʦС治ص׼֪ϴ֮˻Ǽìܣϴˮˡ
빵۾Ứȷ̳˵ҪԡֻҪԼȷѡҪǻ˸ҸСǾ壬ʵٴҲ޷ڡ
ڵãϴʵѾ޿ɺԼѡȨûˡҪǣҪ뵽һΣС
ңǿǼʼ尡ʰ˼Ҳ˵Ӵ˲׼˼ĳޣ붼밡
ЦˣʵԸңֻ˽Թѣɵңǵһвҵ˶ֻңô˵ҰˮأģڶԸҵʱǲմ˵ѪģԼ㹻ˡ
˫Ŀ͸һѪɫ˵شʦлĺ⣬Ըܹ˵
һ⣬˵˵һǻġһҪе
һ鴤˵㣬㡭Īƹ
ǺЦ˵ôʲôƹǼȨƽȹתơѾǵԸӵĵز˲żüãүӲ᲻֪Ͷµĸֱּʤɡ
֪Ȼ֪ˡ빵ʱ˵ǲҲشʦһ˼Ӧλˣ
ǫ״ˣĿУԶǴĸףҲļһжǻһףһǵľġ
ϴûȻĿڲšΪЩСˣԭһֱǰֵΨΨŵŵǶһּ󰡡飬һ䣬ҲԸڽȨô
˵꣬һ˫۾Ŀ⾼ס顣


1138 ǽ֮
΢Щη壬үǰѾϰԸˣϰߣǶʱھܹȫȴġ
ܿףԼѾеĸ׺ܵܣ޷ԼγʲôЧвˡ
뵽΢΢Ц״ˣһԸ⣬ҲһҼλýҵġһ̵ֱңֻҳξð˲ʸΪҼôڣҶˣΪ˽˵жִЦġ
˲ɵûһⷬǴǰԼô˵Ļ˼ҼҪ󻹲Զʵʵλá
ڣһģһĻ˵ô⻰ﶼһŨŨķζ
ߣһָı䲻ʲô
ɭȻ˵СӣҳԵαԵĸɷ࣬ΪһֺһʦͿΪΪôֻҪҼȫ԰ͽȻԸ㡣
˵꣬תͷˣļƹˣƽ֮˵ָָԼЦǣ֪ʲôϼ޻ô˵ĵˣҵѣ
ƺЩתĵ⣺һֱԸµľǼʼĵ̣Ҹˡǣ뵽ФӵȹѹءԺôǾ˵ɡ
⻰鲻Щţ뱲Ӷڸָսеһȣ黹˵㡣ȻϾܹͨѵԼĶӵķʽ޵Ҳһ취ûУңһԶԸ㡣
һЦŲ廰԰꣬ô˵˵žͺһһ㰡һˣô˵Ļأңǣˣӭ˻ѵԸ⿴ô
һ˵ǻ˭ҪǸҰԼ־ǿӵͷϣҾսһӤҲԲģ
ЦΪӢ˵ãȴԭǸʶʱˡΪʯٵ̬ܹŻסôˣžԵʵסǣֻǰڸֵݣĶְˡ
˺âЦشʦˣƮǣҵĵ̣ҸղΪڳֵ꣬ûзڴҶͼذˣҾûʲôù˼ɵˣѵҪҶô磬ĸֺû
ò˵㻹Ǻ۹ģֵܼ˳ͻûѡΪ֪Ǹֵ֮ĳͻͶĻ˵ˣүҲ졣
Ǹղ˵ϴµĶľȻѾͻƵΪ磬һＸүƸ۰̬ͻȻƴѪԶȻȫ˵Ҳ˼ַһ˼
ʵû˼׼û뵽شʦԼĸô̯ƣͻ£ܱܵȷʵеġ
ıʮ⡣һԵþҪЩġ
ֻ㣬ŻԼ൱ҰҲ
ǺǣѵΪƾƿ֮ˣҪĻүҲͲвĳˡɨһ㣬Ǹ߶Է㻹̫ۣƣͱϹˡ
ݺ꣬Ȼ֪ƾģϣüҵֶöԷ˼ɣӶʹԼÿĳ룬Էһ¡ԼµŤת棬Щ뵱Ȼˡ
ǣȴôΪƮԼľӪĵ̣ѵԼҵĵϻ绹һô
뵽˵㽫ľƱ߸߾𣬺ݺˤ˵£ȵˣ
һ£еſӿ룬ϵΧס
ĿһۣЦ٣ôô
ЦشʦƵģãƮǾͻᴫͬҴͼ߸ң³¼ʱ˭ȥһأ
Ҫ¶ֵʱȻãԼһ㱣оԼʶУͻȻֳһӰ
شʦʱޱȣе㣬㡭ô뵽ҵԺеģ
ûд㣬תЦүӣʶ㣬Ӧ˵ɣ
빿㣬ֿ˼ʲô㣬㡭ȻÿסȮ԰ʩչ˾ע߶ȼУôܸ˵ⲻģƭң
ûֱӻش빣Ƕ˵ϰЩ˳ȥڲ񣬸ôĶʲô
֪ǶµһٸһǧԸִУǣԺеǸӰȴֱԺд
ȥɣû£֪ͨ棬û˭Ҳ׼
ɵˣ治ţԼµͬʱɵ۵Ĳ빺£Ҳɵˡ
شʦǺηʥôôֲֶΣ
Լһƣǳһ˵һңұҵĲҵֻλãЩͰɣģѵҪĽô
¶벻ɫΣ˵شʦѵںĿôҪ֪˭ͨġģ˭֮ʦġ
⵹˵빾Ͳϲ˵ģΪΪһҶ֣Ѿˣ鵱ұȻΪشʦܹһˣȻҲشʦվܹԡ
ϧҪľܹȫ̿ҡһҲԸ΢ǷȱˣֵĲѡ
үӣҲһЩҵֶΡҶãһᱣһңһ棬Ѿ̸ˣҺҵһвҵСҪΪҼҸŵ飬޷ıġ
Ļ빶ʱ䣬˼ͿһУҲƿһУ̸ֱҪô
ҲӦأӲͷƤһ䣬뿴شʦĵߵʲôġ
ǺǣԱ֮ʩ˵һۣղ˵ɵҵ֮Ʈϻᴫһͬͼ߸ҵĻǿɲԸдһ¾籾˵ΪıλãɥĲɱ˸׺ͶȻҪ޻أ
һϯ빣ͷ亹ȪˮһʡλشʦΣܹһܹΪʵģ


1139 ı
ѾƱʣľһѾƱŵϣбһ㣬ͼסԴʹطϡ
빹İӣҪ鿴ʱ͵վ۷ҰһĹâ﷢˻Ȼ빡
´󾪣Ͻ빵ǰȵܣˣҲҹ
һ˵ϣǷŰĭҲЩɢˡ
¿ܵܣֿȻȵⶼĹȻôɵֶԸǣңҸƴˣ
Ȼû±͸оԼԺҲһӰӡشʦӰ񣬸ԼԺһЦ
Դӵ˵ؿǺ֮ڵܺʶ˾˵ͻƣ֮ľԼеĹܵԴ
빸ղŶڿʶʵȷģһԣʩչʱʩǾԲܷģΪĵʶǿ̫ˣʹ߽뵽˵ʶУǿǶʶ֮أһᱻԷˡ
һУѾˡʶŨʵʻľءʩչʱ򣬲ܹһĶãһʱֳһˣ˵ⷽ棬ȡһķԾ
Ѿºˡ۹ת빵ʱλ߳һ֪Լλشʦǰû˿ĿԷء
ʦɣ֪ûκ̸ʱһоͶմʦ˼ȥɡε˵˳ͶĻУ˼
һ£û빵ʶԼӰӡѾԼסˣûеˣʲôģ뵽ٲľء
ʹ죡ڱޱٿҵȫ߼Ա飬ƽҼȨµάֲ䣬ޱǣͳҵһˡİţô
ﻹʲôıʾԷûնݳɵӾѾǺʴȵˡԣϱʾһаشʦ˼ȥ
ܿ죬ڱޱУǿʼһذشţ尲ǵһҷޱ䣡λѾүӹɵ˵ճϡ
ȫҪԱĻϣԭǿҪ尲ϱֳʢ˥ͱҪȶΨһĹϵͳ
Ҳ˵ֻμһ˵㣬ֻǰ¼ҵκε֮λķǷ֮롣
ĽΧֱ֮ġΪ尲ϵĵһ壬ļ岻ж󣬶޿ɱҴ򽻵
ڲǰձΪμүӰ֮пܼ̳ҼλõǶ£ˣҵĳͶʶǼµϵġ
ҷͻ䣬ЩͶʵʼδѾ޿ɺǸ˸Ͻŷ׷齨ϵ
Ҳ˰дһо˱仯ԭ򣬼˶϶εҾޱУոո齨ϵʦǹû
һϢҲз񴫲Ϣ尲ϵĸ𺳣Ǿʦİ£µĶľѾΪˡ
ǸʲôǾ尲޵еĴڰ
֪Ϣ˶֪Ѿʲô仯ˣƾŶľһͿҼλá
ôϰʤߣ飬ͬǲԼ֮ʡ˵ʲô鿴ľګʵȴдǻ۵ˣȻôܹ£ľˣôʦϵϣ
ֵó޵ģޱȣԼֹܵһ鵱˼ס֮󣬲ûи㣬ίãƮǺǽܵ
һ£˭أĶ
ǣ֮ǿ˸ıеģԶΪ֪
ޱǵĳУЩƣ̬ĲӦ꣬ѾλͬһμЩˡ
Ӧ꣬Ǵе飬ٴһı飬ɽҪ飬ȷʵֲĸо
ľ϶ڣ绹ʲôδڵĻǾ԰θ˵ġ
ǵǰ԰޵ĵط̻¶԰Ҫ˵˻Թȥһ顣
ڣľѾȶڵΪˣ尲Ͼһ޵еĴڣϺųǾûܹѵס尲ǵˡ
ڣһ尲޵еĴڣһ尲ǵĴڼһ½尲Ȩ۷˴һȴüͷϲ˳ơ
磬ûʲôõİ취ڵĳݣܵѹʱҪŨ
ϿЦҡҡͷ˵ô飬Ҫǵе⻹˵ˣôô
۾ת˶ľȴ尲޵еһΣдûޡ
شʦһпܵǼ飬ңһŵһˡҪôˣһ鱻֪ǿˡ鿴ӶеҪ޵ˡ
ҲҪۣشʦ˵϶֪ôοˡΣ̾˵ҾãشʦͲܹģǴӿʼŸشʦϣӦǸʵʱʲôͶעˡ
ľЦ˵һûҾãشʦΪΪĴܣǼǲ˼ңֻҪ˼ҿˣ벻ӶСΪ˼˦־͸ˣ尲ϣǿԺߣ˼ƨǣ
εͷʾͬ˵ķ
ֻܰشʦĻȥˣ鱣һϣϣ˻漣İ취
ܣľ˵öԣǾӣûøգҷǾӵˡشʦֱļʲôôϷʵ
Ȼ̾ˣûѡȨˡ磬ɢҸ϶йᣬͼ߸ҽҾΪеҥԾɡľȥ϶£ȻݺİȫǵһλģֻҪзɱۣ
ұһƬ͵ķΧȴͻȻɢѪȵζһҹ֮䣬˾ַ֣һִϴڲҵĵϵӣ컹Ƿ޵һ֮תۼͳ˽
ңҵϵ϶ĸ֮Ҳȫһ£ǵľȫƵϴơǵļճӦ⣬еһȫնϣ


1140 թ
ҿƵ尲Уе۵λö˸ʾҶ£㹴ңҪıҵĲҵ
һ֣Ķǵģ˳ԾĻĸʾݡң尲ǵķҪ尲ǱԼΧΪĿ꣬ҽĿԵı֡
ҾͨڲķҪ尲ңȻٳ尲ϵĸȫһһ߸ֿͨܵİ취尲ǣ
۴󻩣Ϣͬڹһưˮ˶Ϊǽ֮һתۼһı
һʱ䣬尲ϼҳһţеļȫԼܹõһ⵽ô¡
ҵϢ쳣ᶨ˵Ѿȷ֤ݣҾиʾϵһͼıңһ˵ҹϵ˭գаۣͲӰųʵӰˡ
֮ĺǣٸԼҪǵƣôҶ죬˵ЩȲҵļˡ
׷ɴң˲һαķչȴϣеļѾųϣܹҹͬ߳ı
һѾȫûûʼıʱĹǡһľţ߹ȥǷޣ;ȥٲ
ʹıʾŲңȻĲФ֮ˣĿǰ˽ͨѾڼڲһҪϳ͸ҹİࡣ
鰴׼˵ľ籾´ʣ˵尲Ϊʲôᱻ˼죿Ϊ尲ϵĸ嶼Ϊһ壬֪Žᣬమһɢɳĸԣ򣬵еʵ̵а
ǼҹȻƴ󣬿ֻҪ尲Ǵͬ飬ԷôţҲ޷尲ġ
Ĺƻ£һЩϷ׷ӦʾԸΨհѱ޳ܵҸϳ尲ȥ
Ĵû뵽һ־棬˶ò˼顣ΪΪֹе黹ֻͣҷĸʾԼ˵˵ϡ
֪鵽׾˶ٵ֤ʵж֤ݣȻô졣ȴǳŲɿصķˣвٵļѾ𼱻ǱʾѾûʱˣһк˲ҾѾҪˡ
ģɵӣҶ֪Ǽʴ壬尲ϣ˶಻٣ɸ尲ϵ˱Ҫ־Ѱ·ҳǷˣԲе顣
˵ļ֮£˭˵ʣ㲻һ˽ͨҵĴñӿǿĻ˵ģ
鰲οЩߵļ壬˵Ҳԩˣȥ˵˵ҾôӦԡ
⣬ĴǵĴҲʾͬ⡣
еһУȫһֵݵģӱƣһֱıۣѭ򽥽ʽһƽôֻһĿģǾǰ尲ϵײԶز
Щߵļʵӵļ塣Щӵܣõ洫ҶžԵҳϡЩӵܻȥӰԵļ壬ͳ˼ҵ
һжڰļƻͰţҪģǵȴΪѾȡϵߵ֪ߵ֪尲µˡ
Ųãֻãܹ׽ˡ
尲Ǻ󣬺ܿ͸ǵȡϵƵһ˵ǣţǷһУȷʵΪͽµġ
ҴӪϣȥģ͸ԼҸɣ˵ϷҲҰݶ񲻿ͽ֮⣬һ־һļһԼǱ׷ɱ尲ǵġ
ĹƣܻܿԼ尲ǣԼϵһģ尲ǣԼ԰ҵɵҲΪֵܱˡ
õ˼Ŀ϶尲ϴΪʱ尲ϻˣڸ尲ǵλȥԶĵطѰ˷˲ȴǺ
ֱǰãǽӵһذϢ˵ǵĳһʦϵʦҴΪ𶯣Ϊֽ
õϢ֪Ѿ׼ˣȻҰ¶Ǿ˵Ѿһˡ
Ϊӧȥһ¡
ؿǣǵͬȥһ¡ҲƮǵǰϦ
˫̽ȥԼˡصǺ͢棬ǳֵϸԵǸ
͢еʮּ֡ΪȻ尲ϵһճӵĽ֮ˡ˭֪Ľñʲô
ǻܺ״̬ҳֶԸô͵ͬǶˡȻִŶ˵Һʧ⣬ϾǵճӣҾΪ棬Ҳһ¶ġ
ɲҵĵֻ̣˵ĻԣҪ֣Ǿͻᴦڷǳһ档
͢ԥ֮Сռƻ͢飬ϢɵֻҪ㹻أʱ˭ỳɵͷأ
¹ش͢ҵ㱨Ҹ߲㡣Ҹָ߲ʾҪϧһд۸ɵΪΪάǼʴ棬ҲҪôοҶӵ֡
͢û˹˼ˡǸĸ֣͢רŸԼ˵鱨һʵĸֶаɱСӡ
֪͢Ǻεȵĸ֣ư̵ĶСǣԼ˵£͢Ҫ潻ƯƯɡ
ɻûȰɱӳ洫Ϣ͢Ŀɿڴ˵ʲôҸҵĶٹᣬͼıҵĲҵͼռ尲ǣ
ԽԽ鱨㼯͢Ͻˮ©ҥԼƻǲԼôˣ
ҵ͢λڿ尲ϣҪĿľңϿ춯֣ŪҪΪʸ֮ģǸʱҾԸԷѾ尲Ǳ֧֣Ҳûлˡ
Щ͢γ֪ķУһ⣬ᣬһķתɳɱӣɵԺٰס
ֻҪס飬ƵΪ˼ֵܶλ޻ҵ鲻ȫ尲ȵΪܺ˵Ҳ÷֪ô£סʲôǸ㲻׵أ


1141 
뷨͢ǰһ
尲вһ棬ΪͷɵģǱݺģ÷Ϊ͢ǵˣûԼ֪ô
취һʯðȿ潻ֿϴ尲ϵĲ֮ԩʲôܱأ
뵽ֱ͢İ壬öĽΪƻ
尲ϵһУĸֲࡣ尲ֻһеȷеҵǼȥˣɲͶ̫ĸ֡
ǳ͢Ƕ۷ĸ֣»ĸ֣һĸ֡Ϊֺ͢ĸһȫɳȥɱһһ飬Ǿûġ
ֽǾû⣬ؼԼ˵鱨⡣ȷʱһоѾ쵽βˡ
ɱСӱϸ񽻴־Ҫɴ䣬κεĴϢ֮ʱҪмס˷ǳҪϴˢҲ֮ԩҪ֤򲻿ɵģ
ɱСӻһݾϸĵͼڵλãֻҪͼָһܹҵˡ
ճϤεӦһͬǰ͢Ѿ㶪ҪԼٳʲô£ǾԲŹԼġ͢û뵽ɱСӵС
ôɣ͢»װҪ˼ΣҲͲټһˡ
ɳİɱСӣ尲ϳһİɱСӡĸңɲİɱݡ
鰴ռƻصǣΪ˴ʵϾӦж
еһУѾȫ֪ɱӵĵͼеλãֻá
䱸ɭϵǣڳˣͨĸ˵ֱǲԽġڰɱС˵Ǽֱƽһ㡣
ṩĵͼǳ׼ȷɱСӺܿҵ˵һҪֵĿ꣬λá
ǺƴǳһµСԺסӦûоľǣҲǽаɱľó
˵İɱССԺСԺķƻţһӰڶǳá
ӦþǸĿˣɱСӱ˴˼һţһŵƹСݿȥ
ǣǰСݣǼܹķſڣôҲ޷ڣ˾˵ˣ뵽󷨵ˣ
䣬Цڶ
ǻ͵͵ˡֻǰһһ鿡ʵ˳ǰ
ӵܽԴ㵣Ͼͻָ򶨣һֳʵ
һ˵žδӵͷĿɣһֽУĸһ־Ͳֵһ˰ɣ
һ˴ʧɫԷݻûȷϣôԼȴǱԷ֪һת˲䣬ҾͶˣŷŭ˵Ӧ
һ˿̵Ц˵˵û˻ʲôôǾ֪ôǾûܹŻȥô
沿һŤʶ˲ԷǾ˾׼ŷԼӽ˶ԷǣӶԷϣоһɺƺǶӵеʵֱδţδĸɽֹĴڣ
Բ⼸ֵܹеģȵУסֵǸϿ쳷
˵ţһ֣һұϸ֣ǰĹʴұϱ
ӡ
飡Ĺâڰзһ޴ĻӡݺͼӶһ㻺ǰ޴ĻӡȻһ־˳
ʥâʽûмġʥĹâȻ΢ʱϨ𣬵ȴ쳣ȹ赲סܵĻӡֲȴһɰгĸо
˵ͬǸȫµķ֣Ϊıͨ͵ĶԿԷû뵽ԼΪӲԷĹʱڵܾȻԼγһĤ
Ĥʮ΢ڶԷӡĹ£Ȼûκεĸоνǿ
һĻˣʲôĴڣȻܹǵĻ湥ĻӦǶԷʵߵ˼ֱóƲĵزˣ
ܣǱ˼ˣ﹧λѵܵôһۣЦ
⵭Цݣ˵ֲı飬֪鲻ˣǲճˡ
ȵУô£Ͻô
пЦ磬Ƕ󷨵УҲܲˡ
ˣöͷŻͷˣѵʹñôŭȵ
΢΢Ц˵ôǶѾʹˣûãҵ󷨻ʯĴûκõġҹȻǵ񰡣ȻĶĳ۽簡
ʲôӲɵˣӣԷԼʲôڿ㶼֪⻹ôֽ
һ֣ȻʲôеӦʹͨˣ尲ǿʼһжǰռƻһģǲǣ
ʱЩһжԡϾͿʼˣʰңָһĿ꣬尲ʵеһȫ֪еװȫһ
ȻԼΧֵܣ˿ɬڵԼԶ׶ĵ˸ӿ£
ûװϵϸй¶ȫǿƻԷ󷨵ĻʯʹԼҲܹͬеֵڣʲôûˣԼⷽеһУȫڶԷƿ֮ڣ
мҲףǾҸʲôĳޣйϵҲ׷ɱ֮˰
ٺ٣죬Ҫġ˵һˣҲͻеһСӦܹʲôɣ¶˲̵Цݣǳ˼ۺ顣
϶ʱˮ꣬Ҳʼˡ
ͬеӵܣÿ˵Ķʱͬ˹ȵһ㣬֣˼ߵıɱܹϼɱģһպﰡ
ʼʱ򣬴һý׶༪٣ڿѾǰľˡ


1142 
Χִһ飬˵дĶػ϶һ־Ļղޱǿʵ״ݻЩϣ
ȻʱҲǷһʱûʲôϣˣϢҲݲȥƴһûдġ
ֵǣǱסˣƴˣȻ˭лܾܣǾҲܱСӡһְ쵼ߣĿǰƣ޶ȵŬ
Ļ˾ĺУԶԼǿĹʹһʱ䣬ɫι˿ռľҲһɹɽιӿ
׺棡һȣ̼ܼ貵еԼұϣһȭӳŰ׵ȭ籡
Ű׵ڰжȻŹ⣬һŹǰɽĹһ״˷ιݺݶײһ
䣡һֲڰըһӣֲײһ쫷ܲɢȻ󷨵ĳ̼䱻Ϊƽأ
žžž
˺ݺˤ䵽ϣÿ˵ϣѪ˿ι£Щһ⣬ȫˡ
ǣΧҵĽŲô죬벻˶ǲܵġ
ҵȺУ𣺡ϿѳΧȫΧ÷Źκοɵˡҵȫǽϣμ֮ˣ̼ã
ǵľϸЧתʱǱŪ÷লľԱڶľı£߽˳ķ档
شʦشʦ㻹ô鿴ӣɵľѣҿشʦĽ飬оشʦԼȻԼֲĹֻҲܵˡ
ӵϵĶûˣÿĨǽԼһЩ̸ǾͲǵսҲǼɶͽļ䶼ûʧ
ȻԼµ󷨣صҪģͦõġ
û󷨵ڣſϽܼʵشʦû뵽֮˾Ȼ磬ʦɷܵ˺
ʺЩ飬ʺϾůĵġ
ЦѾ˵ˣû£ǻǰԤļƻɡЩӵܣѾʧȥսˣĸһӵܣ㿴ܺãӵܽңô֪ͨ壬͵ϮǵͨȥؿǰٿĪˡ
ĸһĸ֣ľʿֶѺȥһֻһһƧһȥһ顣
Ҳû뵽һмֱجλҪͿֲۼԼŪӣĶȻɤϡΪⲢ־壡
ӵ˵ϣûˣǸ˵˻
һж֤ȷˡͼ߸֮ĲӦܵ£գͼɱң忴˾Ͷˡ
Цкܶļ廹ڶұл룬˽˵ΪǼʴǲ߸ؼ飬֤֤ڣЩ̵ļҲл˵ˡ
һһͣɰˡ
㣬㡭Ǵ֪һУһŹǵģҧгݣ޲ܰһڿڽԵŽޡ
ǺǺǣǲ֪һеġ෴ģΪǼһô尲ϵˣôҲʶǼ壬ʱҪռ尲ǵıһ˵ҵľ֣յĳУ᲻˶ж
Ļʱ£尲ϵ飬׵ģе֤ݶָҪͼı尲һĪеʵ
Ǽʴ岻٣ɶԷ˵úܶԣҽϾļУҵĳ˸١
Щ֪尲Īеǲҵ鷳ʷһҲʹҵ𡣵ʱҵʧɲ尲ϣĵطĽҲܵӰ찡
Ȼһ飺Ҽ尲ǣֲܵκεĳͷǲǣ
ЦҴľ⡣ʩǼеҲǺΪɣʱҲҪ尲ǣһ޷ص˵ĽָǶôð
ޣһڴѪŨ̵Ϊ㣬Ѫ̵䵽Լϣ㣬㡭̫ˣҲ̫ˣǿɻҹӶʮأΪô׾ͱ㼷尲ô
ţȷǸ⣬ܹʮǧٹӶҵϵģǧʣĶ尲ǱĹӶ⣬ƹܸӶŵĽҲҵϵӵܣһһٶʮˣе鷳
ú£ԷȻܵ鱨Է־ڱصˡ
ͽʱᱻʰûģ
ҡͷ˵㲻Ҫ˵־ͬϵˡ㣬Ҳ뵽ǵ
ʲôʱ־סȫоÿһֶоƵƵϾҪˡ
ûйǣΪʲôһĶԸأΪҿסᣬǱҵĿסģҸָһ·òҶѡ벻еʲôô
ҲҲ֪б¾ɱңĥңҾ㿴Ҳүʲôģһ۾ڳһ¿ˮ̵ļơ
ǺǺǣòϣӡãǾͲ˵һģҸ㽲㽫ҪԵ顣һÿһһĿܣȻָȥǣȻҪһȥɵ͢ǲģǺǺǡ
ʱһ˼Ⱦ飺㣬㡭㻹ɱҰɣҸ޳Թ㷸ôҹȥɣ
аЦ˵ԣ֮ûʲôԹҵˣעҪҲݡôɱأ㻹ûбեɿõļֵǲġ룬㱻ɱ͢ֱϵ˻ܵʲôĴ
⻰Ͼ͸оԼǱһһ̲һ̱ڵϡ
ڣеΪʲôѱˣѹ£ĿԳǱ˻ţĴˡ
ķ֣ԼӣҲ޷õһ׳ҵ³


1143 
˺㣬֪ʱǵԼҪͽҲܵǣ
ھޱ䣬·𲻾һ˵ֹЩɵ֮͢еӵܶɵһеķṦΰҪǵͷϣȻ˽Ѻ㱨ҵĸ߲ġ
۾סͬħһ˵ԼһĴ㣬ҪӵĽడ
֪Ǹѵһ֯ĽҲǱԩģʲôأ˵ֱϵѾ߲ֱӷ䵽ƫԶ£뿪ЩӶʺĵط
úÿһ°ɣһ˻ȡԤ֪ҳ֮ǱȫһСȫѡ񡣡ѭѭյ
ãҴӦ㣬˵ôҾôʮʹӦ
ͷûˣ˵һн˳ǾͰԤļƻ߰ɡ
ٴοʱгηУǰʦԲǿֵˣϽһأǡ
尲ϵĸ嶼Ľ֪ͨټˡĿĳҵӾ̫ˣҵĸʧȥսһƳϰռƻõĿ´ʡ
λ׸ϣ˵ͼı죬кܶ˲ţڣʵǰһﻹʲô˵ҿҹ׼ȻĻǿһô
ʵǰɲø˲š
һĴߵӵǰʵλֵܣ尲ϣһֱǾˮˮ˴˼Ҳϵǲûжδ̫尲˷ˡ
ûӵ磬һ尲ǴϹʵ˵ΪʲôҪɱǲǵ߸ҵļƻ¶Ҿˣ
һʱ䣬ߣ׷ұӵܡ
Щӵп˵ԼĿһ飬ڶʣӵ֪ܶ˵ʲôˡ
һԣ鲻ʧʱ˳ҵΪѾȻˡǸҶң죬أλ尲ϳһʹ˰ְɣ
Ļ˴ҵĹҼȻѡ˶֣Ǿ;Բֻڵ߸һңǻ尲ϵĸһһƣԴﵽ尲ǵĿġ
Ƶ˳µģȻƵǽһƺõıĻϵģԴۣ
Щ˵ȻǾȥ˺ú˵˵Ǽʴ壬ҲΪΪǿɣ
ԣȥ͢ȥʲô˵
ʲô˵ֱӰҸϳ尲ǲô˵ߣҲռģһǼʴңĸð踣尲Ǹƽˣ
ãҸϳ尲ǣ

ڼߵУû˻ǣһдһǣҲӿķŭûˡ
˵ҪľЧѸķŭ󣬾ʱѰйͻƿڡ
ͻƿڣ尲ϵľݵ㡪ǡ
ûø֯ӽƵʽȥǣһǵӾ˳µˡ
Ķɢµ״̬ȥ˵Ǿͻ뵽ѵľˡ㲻ӣ˭Ҳұ֤Щ˻ɳʲôҪǵӣǿɾþӶԸƽߵҲ˵еˡ
ŸĴֱǶȥص˹Ѻеĵط
ϷϾҪˣûаֻǵʶҵʶӣǵһһҵļ֮£ֻҪǸģ˲ͻֻѪɱ¾ĹˣҪΪԼΪԼļ˸𡣡
ľĵͷʾ
˶ˣȥ׷һˣȻԼڵɬ
󾪣ϽһƧ֮ʶϸ̽ڵʶ̽£Ծط֣ԼڵܣͬһճһҲûƽ鶯ܵӡ
˼⣬ǻýͣΪת״µġ
ӡУֻܿܵҪԼʶһܾͻᰴԼԸκεĸı䡣
ôˣôأ
ʶϸÿһȻʥŰ׵֮УȻЩĺɫʡ
ΪЩɫʵĳ֣ŵܵ쳣
СʶȥЩɫʣҪúÿ⵽ʲôôӵܵС
ɫ쳣̣ЩʶȫסҪУȴôŬҲ޷С
ʱȻ䣬ǺɫʷըһɢһźɫŨѸӿ
󺧣Ͻȫʶסź޷ɢ
һѪɫĻӰӺ¶˳ȷ֣Ӱ
û뵽ɣɵֶɱңȴԼҲ⵽˱ӦҾڣб°Ҵȥ
죬һǼشôԴһ˲ͷеĸо
˲ˣԼ£õôܾͻӣһԼԸ
ݺʵȱķΪͷͻ֮ԼأԳͷΥ
˵һħԼ˽ڱӵоͻһֲֶεΥ뷨ͻȱּнԶΪһֶε֮
е飬ǴһС»۶ɵġǧ̻֮Ѩ
ҲԱƵĵǶԵģںпĻУΪ棬ΪһЩֶεһȥͺñһγһӣѿɳһе·Ķ
ӦϣǶԸǳͶƵĺ£õֶȴݺ˷ǳصĺ漰޹ˣֶΣʵǸ伫ûʲôԾܵ˳ͷ
գֶڲ֪зչ׳ģȵʱˡڣõֶΣѾǳȱ̵ķΧԾͻһĳͷ
Ϊõ˵ؿǺϵЩֿĤףʹ緢һСҪȻʹֶ֮ϽнԶǿɾͲǽܻˡ
ڵ磬ǵٶ죬еҲǱŰޱȣһʧȥܵĴеֱͣǲģ


1144 
Щɵ亹졣֪гֵѪӰʵϾԼеһ޷ġ
ԼʶеĺѪӰһֱ̬ԡʶصһɶи״̬ΧºѪӰϲ֣Լûȫѹ£ѪӰȻЩˡ
㣬㡭ʲôѪӰЩȣѵ㲻ӦŸϽȥôѵںô
ĲʶһӰӣվѪӰǰº˵ΪʲôҪأҪ㣬Ϊһӣҽôʲô鲻Ҳȡ˸һֶΣôҾ͸ûʲôġ
˵ţַһʶѪӰûΪʶѹС˶Ŵ󣬷Ϊѹƶˡ
һǺ͸ңϽңϽѹңϽңȻһڷģѪӰЩżˣϴߴԼ֣һЩ̼
Ϊһֱε̬ѪӰһɣѪӰͺȻһڵ㣬֮С
һı仯оڵԺ˺ܶ࣬ɻǲܡ
ܵҲԼģԼΥܵĳͷҲ˲ġ
ʶָԼѾȫˮ͸ˣ½εδ¾Өĺˮ顣
ɷΪΪЩ飬ǲģ
΢΢ȶһ߳ĵطڿնֱǷȥ
ʱǵĳУ͢ееĵ
˼͢Ͼ͹򵹴ޣʵɳȥİɱСӳٳٲأ͢е˲һ˵Ķͻ͢Ͼеˡ
Ǳޣô£˵
Ĩ˵ˡҹǳҵǸһסĵطҪȥɱ˭֪˵ԺӾ뵽󷨵Сͷ൱˵ãʹûа취
͢Ǻ˵ƾǵ֣ȫӦò⣬ôˣĸأ
ߵɣסǣͲҩǽɧţҺлܹסʣµĸֵܾͲˣҩסȵץǵʱҺкòײɱ˳
͢ʱľһܣһʧĴɱƻôһӳ˼أ͢Ȼʶһ⣬Ǿ尲ƵıУֻһԵĲߣûʲô߸˭ҵ֤ݣұҲûвС
ڣҹжͺһͷ˻ʱûʺҲմһʺˡ
ץˣԴдɱʵжÿڹװϾܿЩ˹ȥҪʲôԼ䱻ΪģӣƺҲϴˡ
͢צʱ˵˼ȻľĻҼѾҹһϢ尲ǵĸ壬ӵʱѾĴ׷׸ǣ»ǲ
͢ʱǱβһȻֳıۣǿ϶ҪҲץҴɱˣԼͷϿʺˡ
Щ֤ǰǿ϶Ҫըѵġ
ţͼҴææˣۼ˸Ĵȫʮֿ꣬ҪǡĿǰسǵĵٶᡣ
ֻ͢Ӷۣһ˵Ӷ׼սǣûҵ˭Ҳ׼жҪڽô
˵Ҫߣȴ͢ס⣬سǵֵܣ˵ͻҪճǳգʲô飬պϣס򲻿尲ϵļ巢ͻ
ȥŵʱԸо˵ɱһĿ⡣һϻعζ
λ϶֪Լĵϸˣǲû˵֤λӦҲǲԼĺˡߣͽ˭˭У˭б˭أ
͢ЩżˣȻԼѾʹ˻֮ƣȥǰ취ҪܹƽϢ尲ϸŭأ
еһУӦƳģ尲ôҶల£ôͻȻͳأ
ңʱҲûӰԣһҪʼٸ߳һжˡϾǼʴ壬ֻҪ尲ϵıСƼˣҲҶ
뵽͢ϵɫȻЩˣ͢зʵʲô·˵һǴӵؿϸϵİ赽ǣȻҽˣô㣬ڵ尲ֵôô
жһۣӶԷп˿Ц顣˼һ˼Ϊ֪͢ұɱϵ֪ˣʲôͶˡ
ңû˵ģǿǹϵԼʮ˵İΣ
Ҫ͢ʱ򣬾һŵ𣺡²ˡ
͢üͷʲôôСֵģ˵
Ϣһڣæ㱨ˣ²ˣ尲ǸĴţسǵĵֲޣ͸Ƕ֣ʱ뵽սУϵ͵˹ӶŸЩ˴ˡ
͢ˣֻǰڣԼµڷˣֻҪܹƽϢס尲Ǹŭһʱ䣬ȻìܲǲԻģڿֻǳԽԽ󣬸㲻ûһ
Сӣ²࣡
֮͢²ɵƿڴ˵ʲôˣڵøϽȥȳ
͢Ҫʱ򣬺ȻǰһһӰһǰ
㣬͢һ£ϲµ˶Էݡ
ǺǺǣȻǻ氡ȻܹķʵңҰЦ͢һ֣˸ƣʾ͢Ҫȥ
˶ƺңѵͲҵķŭô͢Ի֮Ͼһ߸˵ŻһҪԸԷ
üëһ˵£֪ҪǱƵ޿ɺ˵ʱ򣬻һʲôӦأ
͢Щ⣬ʵ⻰ʲô˼ıˣƣұƵ·ˣҰƵ·һɲô˵Ҫǰ˱Ͼ·ǿʲô鶼ܹɵóġ


1145 ֮
ˣһζЦݿ͢۹⣬͢˵Ĳ
ȻҪǲ£ҲͶԲˡУһϣҾͲţƾòһ
Σ͢оˣΪ߾þûл͢ͷʱλεذףסԼ䡣
ǿҪλֻҪǰһͣ͢ͻ˲ڷ
ǣǡ͢г˲ŵɫƬ̣͢л˷ŭʹļװɫаεˣȻҵı󶯵ӣ
͢˶ʱʧȥƣЦ㸸ҵʦǵ˼ҽ̵ңսʱ֮ˣһֱʦôǵô˵ĻȻѱ󽻸˱ˣ˾ҵֵܡɽ쿴
ɫ޲Ҹطȥϵ͢ҪϵذҲʼҲˡ
ֱ𶶣͢ӱлָ˹ɫҲһʱޱȣҾһ䣬ΪʲôսǲһųߵģѵΪģƸʲôһɣ㶯֣ҰϾǣ
⻰Ҫˣ͢Ŀע£ŵŵ˵磬֪˭ôұɱһʵҲǱԩģһҲǿɳܵͽ磬һ·ߺã
˵ţȻתذףԼȥһּֿ͢ŷӦ
ֵܣֵܣ͢ʵޣһ࣬գۼˣʲôû
͢ݺݿһУŵеذ׵һ˵ϡڵ˺ͽ֮ѡʹͽ͢Ҳ⡣
Ӵ˸ʧֻҪҿ㣬ͻͽĹԴ㣬
֪͢ڼȱ˺ʢŭ֮£Լһ·ֻҪԼܹ㿪˵ߣԼǲܵΣյġ
оҪߵʱȴȻоһһذףĺࡣ
һߣĿĴֱ㶿Ϸ˵ϡ
ߣҵˣһͽȻҵһ֧ˣתһ£ʲôôˣΪ
Ų۾գҲգ͢ٺ٣Ͳ֪ˣһôȵ֮װɡ
͢һ۾תϣԭұɱϵĵһ˰˵ôôøһȻ㣬еֶξͲΪˣıҲãƵҲãǶҲ㣬Թñˡ
ЦǫˣҲӣ㲻ֿһ
ѵӲдôɱĳҲģɱĳĿ
оһϧ͢ҲǣԼȴҪɵȻܻԵĴҲ˽ˡ
˵ֵֻһˡô¾ʹҸһ׳Ļᣡ̧һơ
͢Ҫ˵һɧң̼䣬һ尲ϵļӿ˽ϰ߰ߵѪ֪͢尲ϵĳˣֻҪԼˣ򣬷ұ̤尲ˡ
λ벻Ҫ˵䣬ʵǸѪġ͢ҪŬָ˵һжƳģֻҪʱ䣬һܹҵ֤ݵġ
û˵˵ô̰Щô˵أ㲻еӵܹȥôЩѾеӵɱˣѵΪ㱰ϥܹЩ˷һô
͢ޱȣˣֿȻеΡһǽԼʱֽš
ùرճŵģһȴǵʱ䣬尲Ǹ˳˳šȻټٴ͢ָӹӶӵȥ尲ۡ
Щ尲ˣңˣ֪ﻹжˡֻҪЩ˰иһӵȺ֮ġ
ӵܵõǶڣûս׼һȫҲ֮еˡ
޷죬޷찡û뵽尲ϿľӪǣˣǲǾÿûˣΪʤôȻҶˣǾһµɣ
˵ţ͢˫һ·˺ѣ¶һĽ׳
ȻйĻ棬Ȼѣ͢Ҳг
죬ҸϿˣһȴ˴ܣܣ
ҵҪ˭ܹҵܹ֮ѣ͢һ߿ЦһԼţ
ͣһѪ˳͢ȻԼǿУһɫˮһĶӿ
ҳˣסһܷʲôԺһ׼̤ǰ벽
£Ͻ尲ܡ
ͬʱͼǵˮһɫ壬ڰγһ״ƣȻûжоһ޼᲻ݵƣϡ
ŵɫָſее֮ⶫˮϵڼܻ϶ɵģشˣҪСİ
͢ŭĿȵͽѵҪѼܶ§ô˵Ѿûʲô㲻ɵˡ˵ģҵһ֮ζͽ
˵ţ͢һȣٿ֮նȥ֪֮ĸҴ⣿Ͻ֮һȭȥ
ȭͷϣһ貵Ĺâһ޴ȭͷЮƥ֮ȥ
Ȼ֮·Ǵһ谭ι֮ı·ˮ㲨һ£ͰȭͷһΪ
֮һҲͣϢɨ
֪֮ƥҲҴ⣬Ҫڵ֮ʶܵʱȴȵķ֣Լڵ΢΢ͣͲһѸٵܣƥһ
һ˲䣬֮Ѿӹ壬ͼ˫ĿͻȫסˡһͼбֳˣһɹȺѪҺ
ͽڵõӦе³ˣ͢г˷ܣתͷЦõˣΪô۸ģô۸ҲͲΪǼʼˣ


1146 Ѫ
ûԹļѣѾȫʶõ棬ڵȴͬཬһɬ޷γεĹ
֮Ǽˮеںķۺ壬εĹ޷Է⡣
͢Ĳٿ£֮ĹʵԽܵģΪԷٶȻԲٿҲ൱㡣
Էڲٿпʱ٣ڱʱǰƶԷɲٿ֮ת򡣶ڸ֮ԽԽʱ򣬶ԷԱѣͷǳѶˡ
Ӵָͳһ󷨻ʯ֮ǰ·Ϸɿ첼սϣܹס֮ϣͨ󷨵谭ܹԼӮһʱ䡣
͢һжԼĴָͳһںĶϵе󷨵
ͼ͢һ˦תţڿлһߣµ󷨻ʯȥ
۵ϣ󷨻ʯȴûһܹ󷨻ʯġ
͢ɫһ˵ģû뵽жԲߡˣһͽй¶ܰɣ
ҵģ͢ûˣ㻹ʲô취ƽҲµ󷨣
ү߼ˣ󷨴ʦһȻ鴫ΪҶ󷨾׼һô͢ɫ˵
Ҫľʱ䣬֮ҪεĹɾôʱʶ߶ڵܻǲܵ硣ܵһܵͷȱҪ鷳
ڴ֮ǰѾԼǺ尲ȡΪڵҲ˶˲١磬ʼǲôƿһ谭
ǿʶ߶ܣܵĻҲֻԼǿһ㣬ֱӷлǲôһ㡣
͢ϵĵɫȻЦ͢һ治֪ҵʲôֶҵ󷨡ܹƳѾˣҪô׾ͱȣ󷨴ʦĿˣ
ʱ䣬ʱ䣡ֻܾԷڣӳʱ䣬ֻҪָܻ֮Ҳǰ׸
Ϊ󷨻ʯɾûôȻ޷㾭⴦󷨻ʯƵȴǸҵָ֮˷߿ϵģͿ֮ôһݻ󷨻ʯɡ
͢˵꣬жȻһâĲٿ£֮ڰˮһŤ֮µ󷨻ʯλá
һˮײʯµһ󷨻ʯȫ֮ڵˣ
ŵһЩܣִֻֽһͱƿɾ޷ͱƵָоܻ޷õʵսУ
֮Ƶһ󷨻ʯһ
˵ʵܲ򵥣ڴǰܹսΪĿүһ罵֮ˣ㻹͵жԸĳڣҿô֮һأ
ֻ͢Լٵ֮һè׽һĿС
һֱԱұɱһλȻԼǱʲôܱ͢ϲأ
ǶԷѾԼƵƴĵزھȻ벻ķת棬͢ޱġ
һٶȸ֮һԼǿʶһһδ߶ܣǿʶĴ߶£ٶȻǣҪõһµʱ򣬾Ͳôһ㴰ֽһıݣ޷ͻƣ
Ȼڿһ䣬͢˭֪֮Ȼֱ͢Ҫ͢ǰʱ֮һͷε֮͢䡣
֮ͨųû͵Ϯңǲܵģô죬ѵܹùҵôʲôֶλǸϿʹɣȻԺҲûлʹˡ
Χ͢ΧʼٵȦܣһ͢;ܱ߶Ӱһʱ䣬·ڻһ
ߣΪܹתô㻹̫С֮ˣ
˵ţ͢һͼ֮ڰвϼӳ͢Ĳٿأ֮͢ΪԲģһɿת
͸оΧһ޼᲻ݵаĸо֮תͷųһڵâһĹֻ֮൶âεģֻܹͨожϣУ֮صĹ㲻ûʹԼˣ
ģԶ˸͢ľ룬ž𽥱Ѿ޷Χ͢תȦԻ͢Ӿ۸ˡ
ƾЩСҪԸôôó汾£֮һ°֮ǰʤǿıƲӮģǿɾ̫ʧˣ
ȻȻһƮӾҪһ㡣͢һ߲ٿ֮һ߻ȥ׷
Ȼ͢͸оһ΢ӹһͷԼ岻ߣڳԼЦ
͢үһķҲ֪Լߵһ졣
æ֮У͢˦ֶߵһƣִټ޷ι͢ϾǶĸ֣һƷпʯѱ
ͼԱ΢΢һΣѾܿ͢Ĺ͢ڽߵʱһ̧Ѿסֲ͢ӡ
ٺ٣͢һûʹ벻볢ֽǵζЦ
͢ʱо亹˳żˣǧ㣬Ǳסˡ
Ҵͷų֮ûܹˡֽǵζ֪ܲˣǣҲûǸˣ
˵ţͼ͢һֻǻһ壬ȻԼǻ˳͢¶һЦݡ
ΪҶ̰֮֮ұģ
ſЦ͢һǿŻʱѪĽ֮ȻۻأڰŰ͢ɽѪҺĩ
˲䣬ͨ巢֮ϸֳһĨѪɫоһɱ֮֮ϴ֮·һӱһޱѪԷ
ˣ֪һּΪԵѪԼıѪ߶ǷһٿصǷʩչѪ䣬ƴŷǣҲҪʩߵԸ
ϽͷΪһ壬ӴָקͨԵ


1147 Ǽʷ
ڵԸ֮ʱͨԵѾܹõĳֵǿֶˡ
ˣ
֮ˮһ˹ӵһӭǲһͨԵȻһ˿˿ϸ˿ƣ
أоͨԵ֮ڣ굶鷢ļµ˻
󺧣һĽӴȻܹ˺ǴδϽˣɳ˳ĸۡ
֮˳ӵȺ֮һɨͼˮһĵĴӣڵ沨ķΧڣһʧȫնΣ
ˣ͢ԹСǰй¾ӵܵȫɱ⣬ĻǾԼЩˡ
뵽תͨԵɽһն֮
ǣͨԵ֮ݺײһ𣬾ͼӴĵطĵâĽһֲĳӿ
䣡ĵطһ˲촷ۣڳΧ֮ڵ˶ʱѪƬ
еʶȫȥ߶ܣһ㴰ֽ޷ƣ
飬ϴ˳ǣҰ֮ҲزˣԺжľߣֻҪŭԹ飬ܱû£
޷ܣҲ޷֮лԵĴ֮»尲Ϻܴ
֮ոչֳ尲ϵϤ֮£һ㣬Ҳܲˡ
Ҫľǰֻ֮ҪԶ尲ǣ尲ϵ˾ܹðȫˡ
뵽ͨԵ֮£תϷɡţ֮ԵģֻҪйһ׷Լ˵ġ
Ȼ¹֮תͷͷ˹
֮ԼЩˡ尲ϵ飬ѾˣܹȶסңѾˣҪλѾǲܵˡ
ֻҪϸסˣܹͳңԼĵӣܹƳϴڵĵҩҲܹȥĻ尲ܹӭһȶķչ
Ϊ˰֮尲ǣԽԽߣһʱ䣬ȻѾ尲ڵķΧ
֮ƹ֮һѾɵǼʿռ䣬֮ƺûзŹ˼ǸһС
ŷţ֮׷ûˣԺ󣬻ûôǱȻ׷·ţһԾľͿʼܡ
ӿݣת˲ͳ⵽ұ֮ϣ
ʿϲӣһĥеĹؼո尲ϣΪ˱֮尲˵شҲǱ˵Ĵ֮١
ƾ٣ܹһˣȻڻȫָ֮ǰģˣһֵܾ㹻Ը֮ˡ
Ĵ߶£ֱͨ۹עͨԵ֮У굶鱻һո֮Թ굶ԵĶҲʶ˱˼
նŤձۣͨԵ֮ȥͼЮŰ׹âĺ굶鼤һ굶Ÿѿռƶݺ֮ȥ
֮о굶޼᲻ݵͨ巺һ˿ĺ⣬һʱ䣬ĹâŹĺ⣬ηӭ굶顣
ǣ֮굶£⣬ǼײĵطһֲĿռѷѩһĴӡ
굶Ҳ÷һһİϽӴܻͨԵ֮С
Щɵˣû뵽ݻ֮ײôΧĿռڲϱܿӵߡҪܳĿռ䣬Χռٶʵ̫ˣûɳԶĿռס
Ŀռ͸оԼ·ֻĴֲһ㣬ǿ壬ҲоԼ屻Ť
߶ܣγһ΢ȴ֣ⷢԼܹ˵ܲࡣ尲ʹֶΣܵĳͷûΪƾٶȫס
֧ˣ治֪廹ܹܱܲĿռ֮
һǰϱãһŹֵܶʼҲ֪˶ãоԼϵԽԽҪٴεܲ䣬ǹϤֳˣ޷ˡ
Ŀռ֮ܵз֮ʹʲô޷ıΧĻҲֻܼϣĿռܹϿȶ
ʹʱȻоԼͬڵһ㱻ŵٶǰС
תһԭԼѾĿռ߳ˣԶԶػܿǸռھұ飬ԼȴǸ֮ԽԽԶˡ
հֽٺĸооҵʱһͬаСĺںĶе·ϡ
ãʶҪŤζ㿪ȻʱҷԼͬǦһŬ֮£βԱƫһ㣬˻ֱ㶳źںĶײȥ
״̬ײȥûʲôáŬҪԼеķȴ޷֧
ںĶԽԽڣˣһ˶ķ֪һǼʵķͨͨûǼʴʱܹϡ
ǼʷˣҲ˼ٷɹһڷĶð˼ˣΪ׵һһɣһǿߡ
ιǰţҪǣǷǳΣյģϽͣ˵ʮִźԶͰ͵Ķߡ
㿪㿪ͣЩҪܹͣı䷽ĻɵĴһײô
ɶͷƺûʶɼģڴ£ͣ£ͣ£ҪȻɱҡ
ԱߵһļһＱôУɵôĿ㿪ٲ㿪ɾ
ûȼļһ˵꣬ڵһװͷͷһٶһ㲻ž޴ķ͹𲿷־ײ˹ȥ
䣡
Ҳ֪ʹͷײ˶ٵķ壬žһʹͷˤ˱ķذϡ
ͣˣҲ֪жûᵽǣڰշһİ״̬
ϼ䣬·һ紫һô˵ˣСûˣȻǧжѽͷ֮ޣ


1148 ǰ

һͰˮϣˮһָйָһ̧ۣΧվһšüĿļһһ˫Ѫ죬ҪԼһ
ʶҪս׼֮£ֲԼܵ˲嶼ǹǦһֶ̧Щ¡
ߣСӣûˤ㵹ùúõķȻײҪˣϵùûٺ٣ƷһζǶԲˣ
˳ȥһ첡һﱩסһɫƣüë̶ۣСӴͣ˶Ƥͷͺһܰһ
ǣһʵȴ𾪵ģȻĸ֣ΧǶĸ֣һжʮ
ĸֶడ־ȻҲôѡҲ˺֮ģһϣ尲еЩ˵ԱɨġѵЩǴĳ
΢һЩˣЩ˵ΪʮֲӣԲϵͳԹܵļʽϡ
ǿɾЩˣΪĸ֣ûԭǲյһġΪҵΪ磬ԾԾЩ۸ڶһЩرܹЩֵǾѰյһġ
ţȴ첡һţһϣԷȻûоȫһҲ߷ɳȥʮɡ
ҿ㹻ǿᣬȻһ㹻ġ
СӣôüۿʲôأϿүһЩȤĻȻЩ˻þֶģ첡֣Ҫһ㡣
㱻ˣ첡󻹺˼˵üۣ⻰˵ˣ˵Լ
֪ʲôҲŴģҶ֪ô˸λʼʱЩţ첡˵˼仰ƽԷŪԼֱӰԼӷӳȥˣЩʲô
˵ʬΣ˵ݻܹɵóģܹµĵģ治洦ɼġ
٣СӣӲôĿǵķŪʲôˣƾһ㣬һضԵֳôģǳʦȻôɥǣ˵ĶĶȥʲôӣôôϸ
첡ĭҷɣһλüٵĻйԼеĲ
ЦλϴҲģΪķĿռ䣬Բű˦˳ҵķ֣治֪ʵ޷ãֻĽ͡
Ҳ˵ɹʵ˭֪Щ˸ûһأ
ʲôҲģô˵ǵĿһˣҪĻ㲻ˣ첡âóĶɱǰ˵˵ѡ
ιιιô˵ĺúõľҪɱ˰ҰǵķŪԸްɱˣб°ѷ޺ô׳һ첡ĵɡ
첡һϲɫʲôСӣɱƭҰƭңʹ㣬ҪǸƭҵĻٺ١
˵˼仰ѾöˣȻܵҲܽоҵķɻ²ġһ˵һʦСͨҶǲӵģ̫ûҵֶˡ
һϯΧһȺ˸˵Ҷӱ˴˵пʡ
첡ԱһŵĶʵ㿴С˵ÿô
Դ˵ϴ󣬺ǰɡȻ֪ʦһСӵĵԣеǸζʦ඼ţģϴ󣬲ɡ
һ֣Щ裬һ˫벻˵ôܹ֤ԼʦһʦôǼʷϣҰǼʷôܹĹռ˵ˣ
Ǿ˵ˣ𿴶Է˵ˣԷ϶ǴĵϿԼݣȴҪѰ֤һİ˵Ĳ
뵽ֵҿɣ˵Ǽٰʽ˵ɵʽ˵ǲʽ׼ϣһһ˵ǿô
첡һۣⲻͷͬˡ
ǼʷϣҪкܳܳľ룬ǼʿռУδ֪ΣգԻᴢһܹ뵽ĶֶǴΪḻģΪǼʿռﾭ顣
ʦʦһڱضǣɸϡȱһְҵƸһˮƽ㹻ߵʦĴԻһеʹһ˵ǼʷǱϣȷëͿһʦ޲
һĴۻСġҪŷһˮƽʦǷѪҲֻǹġ
ܿ죬첡ָ˰ϰָϵ˸ŸǡʦҪʦ׶ȻҪ¶һʦֶΣͲܸеղвҪʦ׶ɲܲڣοʦ
ѻϣӱ߶պˡ㣬˷ʱ䣬˷ѶҲܣɱ˷ҵʱ䰡ᰡתۼ䣬ʹһһˣһָֺֻߡ
˶ūԵģôһǳ⣬ЩϵȫӿĻܿͰѷĴ󶴱Եպˡ
磬ŷ߽˴󶴣һΧڷŵĸʽϣһץüͬһպĴ󶴱Եȥ
䡭
һ΢ıը˾ȵķ֣ЩϾȻںڴ󶴱Ե֮ϣӣۿɼٶһ£
Ǵʦַ첡ţӱ˴˵п˾ηɫ
ιʲôҪôʰɣһ֪޲ԣ޲һ޲󶴣һ߻عͷ˵
ˣλȻûԹ⣬ȴǼܵġ˭֪ʦڸɻʱ߶ȼעŻɳĻλãһ߸ɻһ˵лôʲôˮƽʦֱЩ찡
ʦר޲©ˣǡûʲôʵģղŵ֮ʦ¡첡̬һǧʮȴת䣬ƺ˲˵̬ȸǴ䡣
źû˵ȴЦ϶ͷʾ⡣
ţҸɻǲõĵģֻɻЩ̫ζˣɴ࣬ǸҽȥʲôĺòãϲͣҲš


1149 ٤ǵĴ˵
첡İַֻʵҲ
֪ǣԭʼͼַ޲©Ҫóַܰ⼸λš
ʦʵҪȥ٤ǵġ첡ԥ˵һ仰˵ֻ֮۾ıпʲô
٤ǣʲôطѵȥô˵
ʲôʦȻ֪٤ǣ첡Աߵˣ¶˺ɵɫ
ʶղԼ˦Ľڿ覴ˡ
ǲǾҲǵĿһİأô˵ɣʦһǸɻǮһŲʡֻҪ㹻ĶҾΪ£ʲôʲô飿
˵䣬Ѿˣ˳𳷶תһǰܺöʼ޲ֿʼԼ߶
Ǿñײ˵ùʵùҰЩ߷߲ƽ˼ΪһΪԺ׬һʡ˭֪ǸùķȻ˱Ŀռ䣡ҪǱʦлƷҲǸһˡ
˵ԵЩҿǵѪùˣ˽ܵĻ˵Ǵ˭֪˷ϲ֪涼һȺɴˡЩ˵ҲڷܽҶ֪Ǹȥģ󻹲һɥ˵˰ʧĵطûˣ
첡һ˵ĻëЦʦǸ컯󣬻ǱˣҲûˡʦǰɣֻҪǷƣһٲ˴ʦġ
ߣף˵ǮɣָĵĶЧͣǵÿܳٴۣ
첡ʱˣͿʦַҪۿ϶ܵˣҪǸҴӦĻƴʦʨӿܰԼ
˵ڸ޲ˣЦ̸Ǯ˸˰ɣҪĶײģѸˡҲ޴ȥˡ̸ɾǮˣ˵ðԺҪҶֵĻǿǹƽףۣͯ
仰첡һ֪Ĵʦʦ˼ҿھǲ۵ġã϶Էùʱ¿ڵġȻļ۸öԷ⣬˼ֱӾܰߣ
Ǹ⸣Ϊײùˣû뵽Ȼһʦʦ
ֻҪԷһҪһı꣬Ǿɶˣɲ˼һˣ۵Ĵۣпܰƨ¶ûУ׻ôĴˡ
ʦʦҲˣϢһ°ɣ©޲˾ûʲô£ҲȳԶٷúϢһٶ޲òã첡˵Щĵζˡ
ǺЦУۣǾϢϢ˳úġ
첡һһõ˷ĵķ˷ʢľ磬첡¶ˮ
л䣬ǰԼ׳˵Լ尲ϵʦ˽һԷļʮ⣬˵ǳȥһ³֮ꡣ˭֪;гҸ˾ۻᵽһ
첡ҲԼһ£첡屦Ž١裬۽£ֵܵȴʤֵܣԭһӶţǧ֣һγУ٤ȥЭһ¡
Ϊ漰Ҳûжʡ
٤֣ɵüͷһ壺ϴҿ˵٤Ǹë֮أʲôô
е̽ԷϢɣ屦һ˵شʦ٤飬ǲСЩϢļˡҹţܹ͵ǸҲǸͬĿģҲȥ٤ִġ
㱻һھҭţû뵽ԼһҲöԷ²⡣ȻһҪ͸һ͸屦Ŀڷ硣
񣿲ɣ֪Щ˸ʲôĳŵôһеȳеͬĲƸһë֮صϣʲôȻôĴۣЩӦòȥ٤ǵġں˵
˭֪һ˵ǣù屦ɫ䣡
屦һ˵شʦԷǮĻһȥ٤ˣĵطǸĴ۵ġ
ʲô٤ϵȻôʣϹܣҴӦһȥ٤ǣȻд˷ɣ֮ҲйӶЭģ˵ҵøǮҲǹӶϵˣǵҲҵķݶһˣ˵˵ô£
屦١£˶صͷ˵شʦȻô˵ҲͰ㵱Լˣ٤ǵ飬ھԿú䶯ݡ
Щû뵽ԼŪôǱȻܸеĴ¼
屦ѹ˵شʦ֪˵ǬûУ
ƣô֪ǬԶޣһ壬һ岢ʷǰսࡣ
Ǭ޸һһźܴĲͬһ͵Ĥݵޡ
һаרŸһЩ顣
Ǭǽ֮䣬еʱܹǬ£еʱܹΪðɳѪǧ顣
һԺ嫵ƣһԹսͲбơǬΪϡ٣йصĴҲ١ҼǬ޵˴ԣⶫóܰɵܹתԼ
˵Ǭ˺ѵصĴֶΣϾʣˡ
üͷʵϴѵ٤ϳǬ޵ټ
屦Цشʦ˵ЦˣҪ٤ϳǬ޵ټֵܻҽôٸߣֻһʦҲˣ˵٤ϳǬ޵ź
źıˣ԰ҪֻźĻ٤ôһë֮أϢôģϴⲻҥ԰ɣ
屦ЦԲҥԣʦ֪ܲ٤ǿɲһ򣬶зǳϵһ򡣾˵٤ǳΪë֮أΪ淢˼ΪҵսŻġ
Ѿ˵زˣ屦ҲͲ˽ˣ֪Ķ˵˳
ںܾǰ٤ʵбȽϷĴ֮һҲΪ٤ǵλʮҪչ˼ҵᡣ
Ϊ٤־ڱضᣬ٤ϵս쳣ҡݴţ٤ֵֹĶԾԵĸֶսȻͰ٤ǸŪɽݣ޷ٽؽˡ
٤ΪҵսƫԼλãһ޹ؽҪλãҲȤˡ


1150 ֵĲë֮
ڸҪ٤ǵʱ򣬺Ȼ䴫٤ǻδĸʧٵ¼
󺧣ʼʱΪǶָɵģɾ飬ûô򵥡
֮٤ǵĸ֣ļµĺȻûпʲôģЩ˿Զ϶͵෢ǰľ
Ҫһ̽ȴȥ˾жҲûлǸϽ٤ǳ˳ȥ
鱻Ϊ߻٤ڳＸǧһֱš
ֱǰһĳ٤ǵϲ޽õǼʴʱ򣬷˴٤ϴŨ
˹ȥ죬˾˵ķ֣٤ʮź֣оǹǿǴźзġ
Ͻɳȥ٤ǣ͵͵ź͵ء޵ź̫ͣǿѹȥ͵źȫŪ
ӻ˰ϢǴԼУǣɳ˸ţĸȥô¡
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Ϊ٤ǣԲŻɱ䡣
ݸʧٵټźֳǿԶ϶ӦϹ޵źһһȻҲǵǳźӶҰԵ
ԣĽ۾ǣźӦϹǬ޵ź
ûв͸ǽ٤ǣأע⣬һ飬Ͼͱ˴Ҷ֪ˡ
ԣȫҪǬ޵ź
Ϲ޵źķ᲻ƴġɳԼľӢӵ⣬Ӷ˴ĹӶ⵹˵ЩӶ䵱ڻңǹȥԼ峡
ΧһЩ򵥵飬ӶͿԸˣڻûǬźʱʹۣЩȫùӶɣ
屦˶󵥡
ǺǣشʦǽṩġҪԼߣһҲôǼʷ屦޵ɫЦ
ȴȻϵϵˣ˵ôôôźԭģϴҿԶ϶Щ˸һҲȥ٤ǸɸһĻġôˮȻֻ൱һеȳеĴۣ̫ˣ
屦һ⻰ˣǶ֪ҪһʦŻİĴʦ۸Ҳ˵ಡģһô£֪Ƿǳˡ
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ĻǴ鱶ܴ˵λǿɶǳģ̸ۣⲻΪɣ
˵ţб˹屦һۡ
屦˶پһ£ó󵶿˵Ľడ
ٺٺ٣ʦ˵ûǣǵˮҲడ屦С˵
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屦Ͻվᰴλϣʦ𼱣ºǴյһǾԵ֣ô˵˵žͼأʦʲô뷨˵Ǻ
װп룬ĿĿɲҪ̺ô쵽٤ȥ֡屦˵һǬ޵źȤôгļҴ϶ҲС
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屦˵ڳһ̰ҪȰڳһʿһŷ
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ɣ١ɫشʦҲ̫˰ɣֵǿȥģ׬㲫ǮȻһӷɣ⣬⡭˵ȥ
бһ١˵ôôҸҪļǮҾǮı¡٤ǻʲô˭ҲûװɣҿܹƳװģôѵҲ׬ĺôô
һ仰Ӳ١ҭû˵ˡǰ˼ʦֵǮطеʱԼ˺òϣȥʦһװǮȲϻҪ󣬵û취ƳװϾǷϵģֻƳװõĶ
١£˼Һڿвͨˡ屦һ£ʾ¸ۡ
ᣬЦشʦϴ˵ˣºôĵ֣ǧˣŷֵô˭ܹ˱ٲֵѪشʦɣҸұ֤ɵķֳɣ㹻Ķˡ
ҵģĳûҽ۵ġҲǲˣ;ô˵ǰһ£һɣҲٽˣ̸£Ǹλ͵٤ǾͷֵһḶһɵķãҶǰĸл
۾˿屦ѯϾһһӱ˿ȥĳɣɲ
屦ҧҧͷ۸Ǹߵ㣬ƾ˼¶һֵ֣ô۸ҲͷʾԼҲͬˡ
ٿ١裬١һ̯֣ʾԼû顣
屦ǺЦشʦ˵ģô˵Ե˲ǣĳɾĳɣǾôˣǵӶţԸ⽻شʦѣ
飡˵ľƱײһ𣬸һʽ׾ôˣ
ЦڿʼǾһϵˡֵǣȰ޲׼ãһܿȰ©޲õġȻ׼װĲϣһֵƳһװ٤ĵطûкװǲеġ
屦ϲû뵽ôʹ죬Ͻƣλʦľ⡣ʵҲǰ׸ЩװģҲԼĴ㣬˺ôԼЩСЩҲԼġ
ڽóУûţ޲Ǽʷϵ©ù屦ṩװϸӶŵװ
˵ʵڵģ屦ҵĶʨӿһĳǳʹǿƳһװʹĸоʱ˺ܶࡣ
ƵװҪڷװ񻤼ףлȻϥЩʮ⣬ʹĴû׸


1151 Ұ
屦һЩԵľеװ߹屦ԵľеҪݾԵơƵĶһ˵ľе˭֪٤ϻʲô
һ㣬屦Ͽ˵ĵġϾǵӶŵĴ󵱼ңʮַḻҲӹԸһ֪Ը˺ͶԸõľеǲһġ
ڶϿɣڽ;У屦ҲҪ󣬷໥˵Щ˴˼¡
ȻûаԼʵݱ¶ǵĹ屦˵ΪˣΪԼʵ⣬һһЩ֪˵ӶŸԼϵУܸӶŴ˺ܴ鷳ֵ֮ġ
УǼʷ٤ڵλá
Ļ䣬٤λʮֻı߽硣ڽӽ٤ǵʱ򣬰ڵȫ٤ϵˡ
٤ǻмʱ򣬾Ŀȥ٤ǼʷЩɶһôСĿλãȻûһĿдܹķṩĵط
ѣ屦÷ĲԱתбŷɳ˼ҵһɽȽ䵽˵ϡ
ӶŵȫıյĻдҲܹо٤ǵĻ̶ȣӲݴûļ
߳ɽȣ֣Զڸ߿ոʱ֣һһӵĹӶԼĵѲߣ󲿷ֵĹӶţԼı߽ϱע˾ߣرء
Щɵüͷʹ屦˵ϴһֱûǵľڶʱˣǶǺһ֮ˣܸӵľʲôô
屦һ˵شʦҲʲôˡǵĽ¦ңǸļʮǳصȼ۵ĲƸǵӶҪǻ¦ε٤ǵӵܵλá
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̾˵ѵźλҲ֪
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ͷ˵ϴҪĵ㰡ɱ˼ҵǹʹ˶֪ô¡
屦شʦʲô˼ѵǵĽ⣿
ҡͷЦϴˡֱԣ½㲻ýǱ˵ǹʹˡ
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⣬⡭˭֪屦Բ̶˵Ϊֹ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲôΣգصͽ۰
Цݣɫ˵ȷźԴ֪ģǲûóȻ͵͵ȡźǴƣе˹ᡣͨźĵ·ǳգЩˣֻҪȥܻŻģһ
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屦ЩԥˣҪָӱ񣬴ɱɱ֮Ļ屦ģҪͳȫ֣ıԶǣɲĳˡ
뵽屦һ£ıһ;ϣ屦Ǻҵġ
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Цң仰ͺðˡͷ磬Ūôһǰߣҿô
١Դ˵ǣǱϾǱ˹ӶİһϵҪߣǿǵ˼ҵİ
Ц޷ʱ򽻸ҾˣҾܰѽס
׵Ծ൱յɽפһ죬ӶҲȥ֣ɽϢ
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⻰һնʱ뵽֮У屦֪ô£Ҳ֪ôݣͰ۹ת꾫׳ӵϡ


1152 ȵ¦
꾫׳ӳô˼ȴǺϸġ屦֪Լ
ԣ屦˵꾫׳ӹЦشʦ¦ǧɽλ¦ҵϹܼ¦ʯȻǹϴѣҲ¦ҵѣʲôòã
оӣȴûбֳ¦ǧɽ¦ӵܶЩŭɫɹЦ¿ɸ㲻һǲǾҺҪѵһٰ
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һ˵Żмִҵķ緶ǲ֪¦Ϊʲôôӵư
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۾˵٤ΪʲôͲҶ˵˰ɣΪӶһǧӶܹ֤ܽӽĿôӶָλãǾܴԸôǣܹçײȥźһۣϹ˵
¦ʯϹ˺˪Ź屦˵ϴЩع˰ɣô֪ôص飿
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˵꣬Ҫתߡ
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ò˵¦ǧɽǷǳмԦ˵ģһϯ¦ʯ˵ӯϽʩˣģҲһʱˡ
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ˣͽϴȥɣǿǸôĴۣҲùϴǻˡ
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ӹϴɳȥ˲ٵϢЩӶţѾкܶ˿ʼжˡ
һбעɳĵطҲûϢѾж˵ʲôһŲ֪
¦ǧɽϢҲۣǵֵۣ֪ˡ
һȥʮ죬屦ɳȥ˴ϢĹӶſʼģжˣǶʮӶһжȫɳķнˡ
¦ǧɽϢúҵ˹屦ﻰ˼Ҳóˡ
屦ͣϽҵ
شʦ¦Ҫжˣ˼Ѿôʱ䣬Ǹˡ˼ǽҪǻ˼ҵģ÷հ
ǺǣŵôЩͲͷ˰¦ͦסģôͼֲأˣܵȵ죬Ҳ㲻ˣߴңԳˡ
Ļù屦ϲϽѹӶżߴҪɳнˡ
һ󻶺ӶȺ־ʣȺڹʱҲ̫ˣһˡ
ЩҲ֪ǰзǳΣաǾǹŵѪġҪȻ˭װװѴѵĲƸ͸ǰ


1153 ʯ·
ɽȣȥԱߣԭͷܶѾûˡֻʣӶŻȺΪû˱˵ĸţЩӶеú⣬ѲפصֶˣֻŪվڣǻҪϺܳһʱܳ
屦ڴӵĹӶнǰɳһʮСǰʮľĽ̽·ǹ屦ɵϰߣǰĹӶµĺۼ屦ǽɳСӡ
ܹ屦¦ǧɽ˶ûκ飬ھϣ¦ǧɽҲֳõķȣԲϴָȨ
нһ죬ΧһЩľͽϡˡȡ֮ĿʯǰнĺۼȻɼôЩµܸӶָǰķ
˵ڶ죬һɳɳ˵СۿɳԽԽȻܵǰ棬ϸ۲Χ
屦ЦشʦҲ쳣ˣ
صͷȷʵЩԾϴ㿴ǹȥһ·ϣǰĴнĺۼǳԣɵ˽죬ȴǲ̫ˡЩ԰ǳ쳣򲻻
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¦ǧɽ΢Ц͹屦ȻЦλ۲ΧҲǾ٣֪ܲҵԭأ
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еһţЦ˵һжڴ֮Уûƾʵݣ˵
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屦һ£ǰʮСӽлӶԭϢҹȵٸ·
ӴָͳһĿܣ߹屦ôڿϷͰⶫ˶Ϣ˯
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1154 ĸʯ
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üͷ˵˵ĸʯһ±ɵһޣǱķֳΪ£ĸʯĸǳ٣ӦǿԲŻضĵط深ܡ
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ǸʱΪоԼϾҪ磬͸ΨһĻͫụлʲôĴڡ
ͫuҲ֪޲ԣԼ֪Ķĸʯ㣬ǻͫuرǿעޡ
ֻĸʯ㣬֮ǳ⣬ֺۺϵһγɵ֡
ĸʯ˼⣬ɻĸʯźͶɵġ
ĸʵһˮĸһˮޣܷ֮ڳһּΪĶأĸĴʮֻҪһӴܹ壬˲ͨѶע뵽嵱С
طǳ˲˻ԣһʱͻʧȥսж֮ˣ˼뻹ܻȴ˿ˡ
ʯһֹԼǿޣĸ弫Сͳ̶ȷǳãܹͨĶֵεĹʯľݣͨһھͶϣ
ƵǿȼߵܣֻҪĸʯ㹻ʱ䣬Ҳܹҧϵġ
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ϣֻҪ㹻ɺںϣȻһµ֣ǻĸʯ
ĸʯֵȫŵ㣬Ͽ滷ʳʱ´ʳʳＫѷʱ򣬾ͻѹƵޣԶȹûʳʱ⡣
˿ֲǣĸʯܵвĹʱͷųǿ»öأԵ·ԲһﷶΧڵȫж
ĸʯޱȼǺܸߣȴǳŽᣬֻҪͬܵ˺᲻˺ԼͬȺ֮
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ڿԶ϶ǣǰ潫ҪֻܱڻҪ㣬ʧ̫ĻҪļһӶţɲô׵顣
¦ʯҪ˵ȴ¦ǧɽ赲סˡ
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ܹ屦ôҡʱǱֳһŵǧƷʣһϣҲǰ̫ļ壬ֻԼˣܹسŵˣֵġ


1155 ɳ
¦ǧɽЦϴ˰һǶܻŻȥһ͹ϴúðѾԻ
˵¦ǧɽתͷЦشʦƸ¦ᣬҲǹӶæԲ¦ҵָӣֻҪܴǵָĵط԰ɣ
¦ǧɽһֳֿҵ۹⿴Ȼûпۣ˶֪׼Է˵پǶ٣ỹۣҶԷ԰ԼԸôô
屦һ죬¦ǧɽѪشʦıǾֵĿ۵ġ
һ˵¦֮ͱ̸ˡԼ飬ΣգҲ¦ҾȥȥĵطԸңҸ㣬ǧҪұ־룬ҪǱҵĳ֪ϵǻкܴ鷳ġ
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ಽԼĹ屦Цϴ֮ԼЧһ㵽ָλãҪǵ֮ԼļӴ
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ЦϴԼʲôǾʲô㿴۵ôǲ˵Цˣһ·ΣķǧֵҪСġ
屦ͷ١ȥشʦڣӶžͺ˽˱ˡ
һһ·ǰУʱ־͵ɳıԵĿȥȴɳӲϣͷ
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屦΢ЩţϽشʦǺãӦô찡
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ʯǸոմӵص緢ҽγɵģΧκεʲС
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صɳŷǳһĻǱܵĹʶֻ˵ĴڣһûⶫԣҲûرõİ취Ӧɳ
ȻʶɳĹأΪûʵʵĽӴţҲ޷ڶʱ취ƽ⡣ӽɳʼ;Щԣɵȵ֮ŷɳʮֲֿɳѾȫˡ
˭Ҳûָ˼¦ʯãܹô̵ʱȷɳѾǺ˲ʵˣǱˣµ֪ôġ¦ʯɳĴ˵ҲֻżһΣ֪ʶûһⶫ
¦ǧɽһλãشʦûп˻ȥ˰취ٹ
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1156 ɳ;
¦ǧɽ˲ɵһæʵشʦʲô˼Щס
ָԶЦ㿴ܿȥһ򣬳ֳľ󶼼һģһġµľҪɳ뷨ȥнΪˣɳĻɳɳʶĿ´ڣߵͻ
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һѻɳ˦Цǲԣǻܻܲصԭ·ϡ
һأûõӶŵǰ棬Լ¦ǧɽ˶ǰ棬˼ĿϾǰߣ˺ð죬ǰȻ޾Ļɳа㿴·ļ
¦ǧɽȻͣóϷشʦˣҾ˵öԣȥӦûнġشʦһоԸɣҿʼ¦ӵԸķԸ
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£˴·ɻҪ·ʱ򣬾Ϳ°ĭˡ
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ҲЩ¦ӶԷУԸܵԷԼŨĺԷʼû⣬ǽһЩǲʱʡ
֪ʱѾҹ¦ǧɽȻֹͣ˵Ϊ˶˼žҹɫ£һʵķ
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¦ǧɽһãȵشʦȻѩˣ
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Ϲܼңϴ١ңûУ¦ǧɽٸƲΪΧ˾˯һ¦ǧɽĺ޷ӦһԶﱳ˯ţգۼ䣬ǵϾһѩ
ʦ⣬⡭ôˣ¦ǧɽḻҲûмĳ棬һʱ䣬¦ǧɽЩ޴롣


1157 ѩҹ
û˵ֻ۾纮һ㶢ĴѩȻ䣬ͼһ֣ѾӴָקͨԵ
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һĻ裬ЩߵѩһͨԵƬ
¦ǧɽ̾ʱȻ䣬һ˿˿ĲҺҺ󣬾ͺǴһصŷＷһȴʵޱȡ
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ʱ¦ǧɽѣ֪ΪʲôôжˣԭëѩйŹ֣ⶫ˻˯Чֲشʦѩ𹥻ء
¦ǧɽݺһҧԼ⣬ǿҵľʹʹȫޣ¦ǧɽһϵѩ䣬Żָ
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ǺǺǺǺǡ
ķУһɭɭЦһޱɭֲջ˯ɣ˯ɣһж뵽˯ɡֻҪ˯ˣͻ뵽еáǺǺǺǡ
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¦ǧɽ󺧣һѩԼ˹Ȼ¦ǧɽǰľɫ䣬ѩһŷɵ磬Լͨɾĵ·һ

һ·ͬԶźĴŭ쳹ŭ𣬾ͺһһɽѹסԼƷɽַŭмӵظһĺ
ɲǼ䣬ͷ׵һˣһѩҲ񱩵ĺĴҷɡ
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ϥ£ĬĬʶڵܡ
ڵܱ尲ǵʱҪúܶ࣬ʱཬһɬʶʱܻе񽬺һճ


1158 ɳѪ
һƳ⣬߿ͨʶǿ߶С˵ǲܵġ
һܵļĴȱǴܵĵǻʹãֻһǾǴִдȱ
޹ɱļıִȱɻͷġ
ʹϱҪǿʶʹһΥȱ飬оͻаֻҪ˿аܾͻͣⲻǿ߱ʶܹ⡣
ٵģһϿʵ
һ֮ܻΣһˣһһңһһһ¡
һ֮ĺǲɺӵģҲǱġ
֪£ֻԼеںԼҵĴƲܹ
ȥмǰԼʶȫе͵棬ԼĶ޹˵˺ȥԼ޹ߵǰе
ڸлоɬͬһڻͣͲܽЩļʱӣܿʼԶȥںѹп񱩵
תʱͻȻҹɫ£ɳдһĸOO@@
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屦ֱ֣˵ʱ䣬ѾʮӶȥˣǸ쵹µֵһѸήήԺһȫ˷۳ѸʧɳС
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ǰ龰

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˸оޱȵʱ̮ɳȻð̣ƣڰΧ˫۾һ޴ĺ״Ρ
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ϴѾˣڰ˳ɣȥֻνɥ侲һЩ¦ǧɽҪʧȥǵĹ屦ˡ
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һй߷ʹѪɫ
ϴǱӴʹιĵʹԶ̾еһأһҪԷֺþ룡¦ǧɽʱƣ屦Э˼
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䡭
ݡ
ιķ䣬ȫѪɳ˵ϡ
һΣеĹѪɳ֮󣬾ͼѪɳ˵ˮһ㲨ȻеĹȫΣ

Ѫɳ˫ۺ޻Һɨ˾͸оһŨصѪζɢڿУһ쫷һĿֲȻڿռҾ


1159 ɳ
еͬеҶһ㣬Ѫɳһɨ쫷βȣҡΡ
֮ڶϵֻֻǿƲסΣɵϵʵϵ͵ӶͲˣ쫷𣬷˰ˤ䵽ϡ
գۼ䣬ҲΧĻɳס˲ͻһ̲Ѫ
屦Ҳ̲סˣԼڵȫŷ貵Ĺâӭ쫷磬һŭ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬰еּȹסԼ壬˭Ҳûϵ屦ȻηȥѪɳƴ
ȵ¦ǧɽע⵽ʱѾЩˣ屦ȼԼڵ߶ԼѪɳ˷ȥ
ȻѪɳ˺ɨȥ˫Ȼһգֻεס˷ɳĹ屦ܹ屦ȫȫ֮£ȻֻѪɳ˵˫ֽס
屦ϵĹâԽԽʢѪɳ˵˫ҲǺɫϼ˸оԼΧ쫷ͣˣѪɳеעȫڹ屦ϣûٷֳԸΧˡ
Ѫɳ˺͹屦֮䣬֮ѪɳϵѪɫȫе˫֮ϣͼ˫ֵɫϼ죬죬Ȼɫ
屦Եó˺ܶ࣬ϵĹâڲϼ˰ĿͶϵʱ򣬲һʱ䣬屦ΪɢĹâͼԭһ룡
¦ǧɽ̫ѨϵۼҪɳѪˣţһǰһƴˣ
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¦ǧɽķǰеȫ׷װԼǿʹȫѪɳ˵˫ֹ˹ȥ
Ŀιҹʱ򣬾Ѫɳ˱ǸιӰ˺ٺٵЦǰһ壬Ѫɳ˵ڣʱһɺúƥĿռ֮С
Ѫɳ˲ͬҽһľˣǸоɳɽһβơ
ȻѾû˺˵ѡ
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ھֻƣǰѺɳ˸ɵ߾Լ׳ҵȥ
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屦ΧĪӿһɱ׳黳ֵˣ޺
Ҫ߶һʱ򣬹屦Ȼоһ΢һӰȰ󣬹屦;һѾˡ
ٺ٣ϴʲô벻ģżæҪһڹ屦Ժ
ءشʦ屦ʱˮ֮ץסһһ㣬ϲ˵شʦˣ
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ͬʱ¦ǧɽһɸϳԼ׷롣
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ͨԵקקУ俴ŰеЩǣԼʶȫͷųȥ
˲䣬ЩӰͬûͷӬһҴܣΧǿʶѾΧеĿռЩӰ޷Ӵܳȥ
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˵ţһͨԵһεĵХƵ
ʦ굶̫ԵˣǣЩҰ
޷ֻܽ룬һƺõġ
ջһʶע굶֮ϡ
ո屦ʵϲûаԼڵãɹ屦Щ˵Ѿ̲ݻˡ
ƴŸոջһܣʹѪ˺ɳˣȿɳĻȫ֪ЩѾԼǿǺɳ뿪ЩѾ˹»ҰһĴڣ䣬ʼǸ
ҪЩȫǵİȱĶЩգҲһ֮ˡ
ģԺֳЩںϵ굶е뷨ܹסǽеһʶҲǹˡ
굶ʶע£ûְԵޱȵƣȡ֮һʮеںϸС
оڵܷ˺ܴɶȻܹת磬ȴܹСΧеˡ


1160 Ѫ
һ뵽굶У굶ɢ͵ʥââЩ»޵ůĸоɲǼ䣬еĻȿֺ굶ӿ
еĻȫӿ굶飬˫۾ԥһ£Ҳһڽ굶顣
굶鱾ܵؿЩǵļ룬ʶٿصܵ£ֻССһ󲨶굶ѸٸЩǽںˡ
ͼ굶ڲϱǣͷλҲһ˫ɫ۾
еĻȫںϣͼȫµ굶һŭмɳȻлһۣΧĿռ䷢ǵ죬ռȻ굶黮˿ֲѷ죡
ն
һ֮ƣȻԼһͨԵʹóļܸˣ
ڿתһȦ»صͨԵУϲķ֣ͨԵϳֵһЩƾȻ˲䱻޸ˣ
ͨԵʶеԼڣԼȻתɻǲǰһʹá
ѵһ񣬴ԳϲҰ
Ӱз䣬ʣ˵
һսӶʧأʮĸ֣вһʮ˵ԪӤڵ۷ִ
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Ͻ屦˲ĵҩЩҩ尲ǶʱϾƵġ
Ϊù屦ٻظڵҩעһЩܡ屦֮ЧͼӰȻûлָϸֳ˵Ѫɫ
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ЦŰѹ屦˵ϴˣղҪǸλƴ֣ҿҲҪ鷳ֻ֮ͲҪ˵ˡ
˵ָ꣬˲鿴һ壬Щûʲô󰭣ڵ̫󣬲ûй屦ôضѡ
еĲĵҩȫ˳Щҩȫעܣַˣ˷¡
ȫĵҩסˣЩҲǼˣôҲû뵽ĵҩ飬ֻҪһǣһܹоԼһ°ơ
ܷǵһܵһ޼᲻ݵУԸܵܵеĶܶһľ԰Ե
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һСļ壬߾ڳ֮£һǰ䣬߾Ǳ̲
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µĳ֣ζµľ֣߳Գ֮ĬǱΪĴǰ͸ˡ
ʱҪһǿԮǶôҸ鰡ڣǿԮǰ¦ǧɽãҪõ͵ø㹻Ĵ۲С
¦ǧɽһ¦ʯи¦ʯ֪ʲô˼ҲҵĴ㡣¦ʯҲ˾ˣϾԼʲô˼ˡ
˼֪ͬ½ϵĸҲǰĺô
ؼǣ¦ǧɽܹܲס
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¦ǧɽӹһ˿ǣϾ˾Щᣬת˲ţķգʱҲζžĻر
¦ǧɽǸܹɴµˣͷϣǸԷֵѡ
ţȻ¦Ǿһ˰ɡϴ󡭡
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ͷ˿ЩѪĺӣ֪һͬǾԿεģЩ˾ԿԳƵǷĵѣ
ǺãҾ͸һǰ߰ɣƬɽ䣬һ¸ôߡ
˵꣬һٶˣƬӵɽȥ
յʱ䣬һ˾ӵɽ¡ɽһĵطͣôһ¡
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ɳ٤ϳΣ⻹û㽫ҪƬɽʲô
ûаյ̣ڣɽ֪ɽǱߵͼעûУֱһ֪
ҪƽĵطɳһﲻУĸɳȥﶼûף˵ɳȥʵ͵ˡ


1161 
ڣ¦ǧɽɲˣ屦͸ˣǹӶרŹܸɻģҪǲʵġ
еһУҪˡ
˰죬ȻԺһԼôͨԵеЩǸˣ
뵽˷ܵذͨԵק˳
һٶɰѹ屦¦ǧɽһ˼ͬ˵شʦҪʲô
ЩᣬЦҿɲ뿳ΪɳĻǣǻ֪һЩҸǽһ¡
˵ţԼʶһ뵽ͨԵ֮С
ЩɳĻǣûʶǻһҲһʶ𣬲ŵԱԼ겻
Ψһʶܹи֪ͷӦģһ˫۾һĻǣ굶۾λãʶȡϵ
ʦʲôôǸʮֹܵеĻǶϣǲҪƴġṩܵЩǶѺá
ʣ֮ǰǲкܶѾɳôȥģ
ǵĴʦкܶ˹ȥˣȻûױȵʵкܶĳЩżǿ˺ã̵˲ٵˣкü˴ɳйȥˡ
ţ˵Щ˿϶еĳеˡ㣬֪Ǭô
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ϽǲһЩܣЩǲ
ʦҪֲˡΪôܻ䵽زأ
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ɽеĵеĻ𺣡𺣣𺣣
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¦ǧɽҲЦʦǲ鷳
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Цҵĵ׶Ѿˣ֮ԸЩ˵ǰ߷ǳΣգҶ֪ᷢʲô״лߣһ֮󣬾Ȩ˭Ҳʶ˭߸ĵҪǰߣпܻ𣬵ʱҿɲұ֤ܲǵļ֪Ǹ֮ϵ
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壡
һԼ϶ĳڣԼƶֻܸĴڣ
ȻǰΪʲôðһأ
ǺЦãȻλѡ˸ǰߣҲһϵˡһ£Щ׼·
屦¦ǧɽ֪ʲô˼˵Լ뷨λˡ
׼һҩзֵȫΪ磬ԭ֣ͳͳһΪ硣
⻰¦ǧɽ͹屦˵鴤ǿǼˣҪ˵еʦҲвޱţĴڣ˵Ĵ󻰵ģûУ
ҲôǸԼάһĻԼóҩģȻ쿪ʼ
¦ǧɽ͹屦͵͵̸õȵʲôʱ򣬸ոչ죬Ͱеĵҩƺˡ
ڶŵ۹£һƿƿĵҩˣЩ˸ôãҪעʲô
屦𾪵ò֪˵ʲôˣɵĿĵҩ治žƾ㵤ҩ
Ҫ˵֣⻹ףֵΪе㲻˼˰ɣҪ֪Ĳ͹Ҫˣÿһǿǰıܹôܹܵô
ʣ屦ȸһٶԪӤڵĸַƵĵҩù屦°͵鷢ˡ
ЩԪӤڵĸ־ȻڰʱȫֵΪ磬ұһ㸱Ҳûбֳ


1162 ̳
ù屦¦ǧɽǣЩֿ뵽ڣȻûзı䡣
ǿɶǾԪӤڵڵʱЩǱ屦˿þĶݣЩһûа
ܹ޸ĳܰɣҪȻôأ
ǲ֪ǣΪЩҲѪˣҩģͰԼҩĸһգҪǣںϵ˵ҩС
һԪӤڵĸڵҩʱǿұըᱻںϵ⣬ҲͲܲ˵
˵ȾͰ̸֮ɫĽΣȹˡ
ҲкܴĸõģòΣԺΪУ̶ܴԼ߱ĳɳԶڵ۷Եˡ
Ϊȱڹϣǲܹ޸Ĵֵܳġ
ʹܽѾǹķʩˣ˴ڵ۷壬ҲǾʮչʱ򣬱עܾͻִԼס߱ķչʹ֮޷һͻơ
˽ã屦ò˼ɰԼƵĵҩȥù屦Ļ˵ԼⱲҲûŻжͻƣΪԼļˣھȻܹǾϱĸ֡
Ӷȫ屦һ뷨˭ҲûŻҪôߵΪ磬屦Ľò˵Ϊ磬˭Ŵ۷壿
¦ǧɽҲ֪۷ĸ֣綼Ǵ˵һĴڣֻҪܹһ˵һĸ֣嶼һ˵õȮˡ
Ӷŵȫѵҩˣ¦ǧɽȴǺԥ
˵ֱǸ޷ܾջҪ֪¦ҾôĻۣߵΪҲΪ磬¦˭ҪܹΪ֣ϾͿԳΪеϯϣ
ǸܹͥĴڰ¦ǧɽԥܾãҲƵĵҩˣ¦ǧɽףԼΪ磬λѾܲˡү֮ԼкܶܶҪ
£Ҫ¶ûʱˣԾһ£ʡýʱ򻹵ĵġ
ɺ󣬿۹Ѿ˶ĤݰľηҾãôʦѾͻĵλˣһĴڣͨõĴ˳ƺȽϺʡ
ȴû׶ôԺҲдʦˣǽйӱȽϺáһʱѪԼ˼ǵġ
¶ֶΣôҾøԼǰ;ͻ׳ԼֳֶԽ˾ͻԽηǾΣʱҪٴѡҲҪ뱳Լغ
Щ֣ɽۡ
ȵɽһɵôüͷԭɽǻµأɽһߣǶ͵ľڣмаͱ̳𣬿ͱʲôֱֱͬµͱɽҡ
屦״˵عӣɼֵȥ̽һʲôɣ
ҡͷףţ̳淭Χûз紵˵¶ȺܸߣҿЩ̳о綾ֵȥǳΣհ
˵꣬ߵͱڵıϣͷųԼʶͱ̳̽ȥ
һ̽ҲԾСΪʶ̽飬ӴĶǹ̳ԼʶͷŵҲûдס
ջʶüͷǸʲôڣôʶ̽鲻أҪ֪ʶ쳣ǿɲ⣬ͱڵ棬ʲôŻᵼôأ
һӴָͳһЩ͵ȼϣͱӣЩͬʯһ㣬ûаֵĻ
ʧɫѲͱǸ޵׵Ԩô
¦ǧɽȻָŶͱ˵عӣҷɹȥǱһ֧㣬Ȼͨȥô
ͱڣֿͱڵ棬ͷһ£¦ǧСġ
¦ǧɽһЦƵĵҩѾΪշпǣ͵ͱľ룬һգ۾ͻȥˡ
һ¦ǧɽ˫һţѾɵ˰֮ϣŵڵһ㣬Ŷͱھͷ˹ȥ
˭֪䲻ݻһɲǼ䣬ͱµ̳Ȼһɾһ¦ǧɽ
¦ǧɽڰ⧲ôҲûϵư̳ô񱩣ٶϯ
¦ǧɽѾˣһѾ˷Ӧ¦ǧɽһŤбͱڷȥ˭֪¦ǧɽһתͱ̳籩һһһϷɾ¦ǧɽĿռ䱻Ϥֻڰڽ̳
̳ԽԽ࣬¦ǧɽŲĿռҲԽԽСڻɫ̳УѾЩ̳˸оޱȹٺɫ̳Ϊƶĸ¡
¦ʯʧɫһҪȥ
һק¦ʯغǳҶȥֻԽԽæ
Ѿ˾Ե¦ʯôżҲ÷
һವһ·˰գûżȥ¦ǧɽǷɵ¦ǧɽϷ۲
¦ǧɽЩΣˣڶ̳ʱ򣬲ԼϣǿƷܹ̳ԼóƷ翪ٳĿռɳ̳ǵķΧ
һƷ󣬹Ȼɢ̳һû̳ͨɻû¦ǧɽ壬һµ̳ϾͲˡ
̳˶ٶԽԽ죬Խ̳˹ٺɫأЩ̳Ȼγһµ̳
¦׼ãϳ壡У͵һ壬嵽̳֮Уۿŵ¦ǧɽ£͵һתͷϷɣϳͷһĳһ̳Ҳֿ֮ҡ
¦ǧɽĿռ䣬ӿ뵽ûл̳Ŀռ䣬ò˥Ʒ磬һԾ˰ɣǰ˻̳
̳¦ǧɽɲҾϽһɻڵһߡ
ͬʱӻ̳гմٺɫĸ̳Щ·ϣգ۾Ͱ·ոʴһĴ󶴡
һХͼâ֣·籬ѼâֵĿյӴָͳһ·ϻãɻص˵ߡ
¦ǧɽֻĸоû뵽ԼʵѾͻƵˣȻǲɥ
عӣ־һⶫʲô治棬̳̳Ϊƽδ¦ǧɽ¿̳һۣ˸м֮顣


1163 𺣶ɴ
˻ûо̳Ŀ£¦ǧɽȴԸоˣͱе̳ʮаţл¶ȣʵʸУо綾٤ϳֵΣգһδˢ¦ǧɽ֪
̳˵ⶫͨϵĻкܴĲͬǵ֪ģĻ͸оһʵԵġò˼飬Ҷص׵ҽɣ
ͣû뵽ȴǰ׻ظ˴ҡ
屦һ˵عӣҽһƶ״̬ģҺ̬ʵģɲĻ棬ĽԶԶȥƮĻడ
ЦʵϣҪǽסһ̳ͻ֣ᷢ˶ĸȶ췢̳յһ𣬾ͺǹĻһˡ
Ųɵõɴ۾ЩĻ濴ȥϸÿһϸ΢̳۲죬ŷ˵İֲ٣
屦Դ˵٤ǿǸ˴۽ĵطû뵽Ļ涼Ĺ졣عӣһ벻ͨⶫͱ֮ײôһӳأ
תͱ·ķ򣬳ܲѰҸո¦Ϸ۲ʱ򣬸оͱһǿϢ룬ӦǹǿϢĹȻôôɣ¦ǱͱϷɵʱŻ״
¦ǧɽϢһѾ׻ָʵعӣܹȥô
¦ǧɽ΢΢ͷû˵ȴ۾ת˷ڵ̳ϡ
۲˰죬΢΢ڵܣıγһâĤȻӻһԾܵ浱С
˵ľУɵͱڱԵϣӴָͳͨԵͱڱϲͱڱϵɽұƬЩƬһռ
˺ܳһʱ䣬зͱڶϣΪĤıˡ
ռͱڱԵɽҶȡգۼѳһСɽ
屦ǧҪһɽңȴֹˡ
ϴⶫ̳ܵʴѾо綾ǧã˲ͻ𶾹ģܰˣҲºܴĺ֢ʹÿضʱﱥܻ𶾹ĵޱʹ
Ļ屦ǱһϽ֣˵ⶫȻôаŰعӣȻо綾Ķôռǰ
ЦȻΪ˹ȥЩˣڣҪûжĻ޷̳йȥġ̳źǿʸеģ¶ȼߣÿ̳ٶߣкǿĳټкǿĸʴԣû׼ֱ
屦ֿЩʯͷЩʵ˵ҪЩʯͷȥɣ
屦뷨Ҳ˵ʣ治֪Щʯͷ͹̳֮ʲôϵ
˶Ǵ۵СۿԼ֪Ҫǲҽ˻ᱻġ
ЦǿߵͱԲġǾʱıųģΪЩ̳᲻ʱ˶ײŻᵼµĽ
һ˵ţһ߿ʼڷЩʯͷ屦״æ
ϴ󣬱Ǹ˵ôⶫо綾̳һּΪĵصγɵʣЩɽҾʱĳʵ˲˵һΪ̳ײµʣʹɽҾܹ̳ײǿˡ
˵¦ǧɽ˼ˣعӣ˵ⶫԳס̳ĳΪãֵ̳ĳ
Ц¦ӿ죬Щɽ̳ĳ
屦һѵʯ˵عӣЩôð屦ʵ벻ףЩʯͷʲôá
Цϴ㵱ΪʲôҪӶˣҿǸʦ
屦ʱͺˣ⼸ֳֶʵ̫ˣڹ屦綼ˡ
̺ʯ͸ͳϣҪںϣֻܲȡ˵ֶΣͨĻƸʹﲻκεЧ
˸߱ϱըǿҸƵķơ
ͨ߱ϵıըȻܹúܸߵ¶ȣٿ쳣ѣ˵쳣Σգ
ըⲻǸºͳΣգʱ仹ǳ̣ҪʦмΪǿʶ˲ƺЭеһϸڡ
ڸ߱ϱըһ˲䣬˶оһޱǿʶסΧĿռ䣬ǿʶǰ˶ֶĤݰĳ嶯Ϊʶǲһɼ
ʶУеһоǱһ㣬߱һըЩʯϾͽ뵽һڵ״̬ͨʶЩϾۺȻе״͡
˿һգ۵ʱ䣬еʯȻһһƣ
ʶвٿأ״ԽԽȵȴʱһɶ˵ʯͱƳˣ
屦ǰһͻȻжľ棬ϽΧʯ档
Цϴزúˣҵƣԭеľ綾Ѿûˣˣ
屦ǰʯ洫£ʯеʸСù屦Щֵĸо
Ȼ屦뵽һ⣺عӣʯͷĴҪǷŵУǻϳˣ
ϴˣ̳ɲˮǼ˶ķ۳кǿʸУγɺܴģʯǾԿԸġ
˵ţߵʯϣһƣʯλƾ뿪ͱڱԵʯӴ̳̳Ư
Ŀɿڴ΢΢һЦȥȻԴһĶ
屦һִеϣ
˵ţ屦ӻһԾҲʯ֮ϡ˶ƲסԼ˷ܣ׷׸ȥʯϣҸоƽһ㣬ٿ׳۵Ļ棬̲ס¡
عӣ⴬Ҳûнô屦˷ܰ죬Ȼһ⡣
ЦŴӴָͳڣڰŵβ̶ס
ڵʱ򣬻һǿĺǾʯǰߡ˵ţ۶ڵķ
һ죬һڵȥڵļʯһڵ෴ʻ
ڵĲϷ䣬ʯͱʻȥ
屦һУЦ춼ϲ£ˣãû뵽ȻܹôţĴعӣˣ͸Һòã
Цһƴ˾£Ҫʲô
屦ɫȻˣһֱ뵽ҽȥ̽գûкõĸߣǿܹʵԸʵļһˡ


1164 
Цϴû뵽㻹£Уʯⶫ͸ˣ
ϣ屦ϲ˵عӣһЪţֲݴĴֻͽˣ
屦һ֣ЦǺǹڣֶⶫŨȤ
ڹ屦ҪҪһЩڵʱ򣬺Ȼʯŵٶµ䡣屦ʧɫһ߱еôô£
ͱ̳֮漱£û̳УʯҲ֮µ
ȫɫ֮£Ŀⶼеϡ
֪ʱԲԥʱǲ˵ģֻҪ΢ԥһ£ʯµһ㣬пٲľء
ҶҪţǧҪϷɣղŴҲ¦ڰͣԭأҲҪҶӰƽģ
ȶסҵ󣬴Ӵָͳ˿Щ˿ǰâ̵֮ģһâ̼֮
â̴֮˿һֱߣһͱ֮ϡе˿һƣȻݺһ
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˿ٵʯ÷˳˿˲ͱһɾ˿ʯٶԼࡣ
˿ôͣҲ޷һĶ˿类ϣԥ˿ȫӳȥúü˿һʯ
Ϊһ˿ѾһЩٶȣõ˿࣬ʯ˿ÿҪѵʱ򣬿ͣţ˿ǿԣʯϽ
ڴҸҪɿʱȻһ̳е˿ʱֲĸ۶ϣʯֿʼµ䡣
˿ԵͱӣҲ֪Щ˿̳𲻵̶סʯã˿Ͼܹӻʯ½ٶȣʯ˵ǸõĻ塣
ȻʯԽԽٶ׹˭֪˵ײ֮ʲô鷢
ĲŬ£ʯûʧصٶµ䣬һ˾͸оһƺϮΧǹٺɫĸϢĸо
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ҿһ·˿٣ҪȻʯټôµһͷֱӾҪ굽ճĸҺˡ
û˴ϢһڣеСģȫſף˭Ҳ̧ͷ
Ҳ֪ô£ЩҲ˶ԷӵϰߣȫſʯףͷҲʯϣԹԵĲ̧ͷ
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̲סƫһͷߣٺɫҺ߸ߴ𣬾ͺҪӿаʯݺұһ
Ѿ˾е£¦ƴ
˵ţӿһɵ˰֮ϡڷɵյһ˲䣬ͨԵקٺɫĸҺȥ
һ貵ĵâٺɫĸҺ壬âδӡ
һһŭһ˶ͷӸµҺ˳ͷһĴˮһСŸֳȴһźһʮɳβ͡
ĺǣһβһһڵģͺЫӵβһĩˣһԼһɵĺļ̣
︡Һ棬ΧĸҺ嶸Ȼʮɸߡ¦ǧɽУҵϽٿʯ˳ŽбŴУſ˵Ϯ
ڰһ壬Ҫȴ˻һ
Ǹ۾죬Ͻϼɡ
һ˲䣬βͺݺһ֣忰ɨ
һڹϷȻﾹȻڸ϶һһȦȻаף
ݺ磬ΪˣҲûֵĶ
¦ʯſʯϣعСģⶫǰ飡ǽ޺֮һֶ޵ĹֶΣҲֵ⼼ܣǧСģ
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˵һ壬Űͷͳ˹ͨԵǰͷһǺɨһâžɨȥ
æĸǷΧ㣬һ°ҪǲͷĻǾ͵ֱӰѵâɨСļƻڰһͷʱԼϰıȻı֣ܹռݼ
˭֪ĵâֻצһᣬԼܱһʱܱ߸ֳһڵĹĻâȥͺǿ˼ΪӲһוּһɫĻһ𻨣Ͱѵâסˡ
ʱĶ廹ǰɣΧĺɫĻȻʧǸ˶ԴһЦ⿴
æҲ壬ǵַ֣һȭݺ˹ȥ
ڣһ²ʹιΪޱȹܵĻУҲ֪жδ֪ΣգڵܻܹӦʹιһȵʮΣյʱòǾͷǳ鷳ˡ
ǲʹιĴҲʮ˵õġ޻ڵһȭĿ磬δ򵽰ϣѾΧ
鲻㲻ۼڽɵľϣȻһ죬һͷһ
ûʹһУҪıʱѾ鳤ͷסˣһȴְͷԼãԼ
ͷһ˲͵Լǰ
ϵǣ鲢ûаͣǷŵǰ۾
ɲǼоԼʶͺ뵽һޱߵӵһǸоԼͺһĿռ䣬ռֻԼΧޱ޼ʵĺڰҪԼ̵
ָоǲϤĶһǺģΪĿֵľ񹥻
úЦŲ֪ԼǴи֣ȻԼʶơ
ȻԾͽƾͼƣһ֪һµ˭ǿĸ֡
ȶסԼʶڰ˳Լ۾ӿʶҲʶȪӿ롣
ʶ˰̵ֲ˫۾˫۾ɿߣʶв룬ҪҵʶеҪλ֡


1165 භ
ĬĬһУ֪ʶֻҪҵʶλãͿԴˡ
һеĽȫԤ뵱УҲûдŰķ֡ȵҵʶеҪλãҪɾһЩ䣬סʱȻԼʶǿ˼£
һʱ䣬뵽ʶеİʶͺһֱ󱻹ؽһΧͭǽڣͻҳ壬Ҳһȥ·
ôǰʶƣǼֱǰŪ飬ʹʹ챻ʶأǺúöƣ
ɲǴϷˣԷΪ֪ܹʹÿһľ񹥻䱾ʶ쳣ǿġ
͸ԷӲӲʶײʶʹǱȶԷǿܶܶ࣬¶Է֪е¸Ƶʶ
ԷʶԼԶǻ˵ԷʶһǿĶǰһ񣬿ʶǿǺܴʱʶͻԼص˺
ԣҪԷһȰѶԷעҪ䲻֡
ٺٺ٣࣬û뵽ʶȻôǿ⵹ĵطʲô취ô
ǣʶзʮ毺ãͺˮһܴԣһȻиС
Ҿ㣬ʱĶĴڡ
һ߸ʶһһԼʶѹڣѾѰʶѹһСĿռ鼴ʹҪʲôҲ治ˡ
ұôôúõģֻ·ȳֶԸǵİɣӦҲǵ鷳ôҾͷһ㿴ô
Դ尲ܳ󣬴ȱĳ⵹˵ΪܲʹòôģиܵѵһֻҪ漰ܸԷһλ͸Էһλᡣ
ǺǣһôĿѾǧûƷ˵ζˣǰò׿Ⱥĳ̫ǸˣڷŹǣһҪȵʲôʱܹƷⰡ
һҲûкµӣԽ٬
ȻˣҾͲˡ
ո˵꣬ϼ䴫һޱȽعӣСģ
¦ǧɽٸвջһʶָһĳβѾβ˵Ǹһɶ೤ļԼĶͷ
æУһƫͷļ̲ͷƤ߿ա¹ȻȥˣĶͷȴ̸ݺݲһ¡
ʱĶͷƤۣоһһ˳ԼͷƤȫӡ
ͬʱʶİʶȻ䱩ǣ͸оԼԴھǱһͣҪըһ㡣
ಣ
һĹ򣬰ʶʶȻ̼ܳصԼԺС
࣬û뵽ɣа˸ףҲа˸ĴԣΪʶǿܹôһԾܸļָ壬һܹҪֱ͸ڿ֮ܡ
屻ͷס޷ƶֱֻ۱סͨԵҲ޷ֱ˺Է
ۼβļٴξûԥϵڵܣ̼ע뵽ۣȻͨ۹עͨԵ֮С
նһȣͨԵוּһӵͷ³һŰ׵ĹâŰ׵Ĺâһļµĺɫ飬۾ǻıʯɫһǷ·һƬƬƬһͣܶ

鷢һƵĺһãŰ׵Ĺâ޼᲻ݣʱͰѲϵİͷˡ
鷢һҺˡһչֱ˹ȥ
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ֻצٴһΧһɫĻ˹ȥɫĻײһ𣬾ǲһɫĻһˣ
ãһͷ˸µҺ嵱С
֪µҺ̬ʺаţͰջأ۾ŸҺı棬ͬʱͷųʶϸ۲ÿһطоͷƤֻȲʴԼ壬֪ǰβϵĻ𶾹Լ塣
Ҫ֪ޱǿģһЩԵĶҩҲгǿġΨڸԪصĶأЧǺܺá
ֻ𶾣ûжƵģͨӣһܹʹеĻ뵽ڡ
ֶֻܹ𶾣屾ڶصԽ취Զų
һһŸҺ¶˳
࣬û뵽Ѳûõģոи˺ҵ֣֪Ϊʲôаô
ЦҲ֪Ҳ֪֮Ҿһ仰·ҷһҵһ飬Ҳ飡
ǺǺǣ治СɣֻҪƾĳеһУ˻ޣûѹ죬Ҳ⡣Ϊҿͬʱʩչ˸ֶΣ׼ô
Ļüͷһ壬Ҫ˵ĸֶֹΣûĵĻʯһˡ
һˣ޼ɵʩչһֶΣԱߵ˾ܲļֶΰ
ʱҸоͻ꣬͵ڲ֮ˣĶսȷʵͷ
Ӵָͳһ󷨻ʯȰ¦ǧɽЩ˱ˣԼͿȫԸˡ
ǺǺǣû㻹Ǹ󷨴ʦסˣȻٸҾսô
ĻһղһĿǺܾûнӴˣôһЩ˽ô͸
֪ĲٰҲףô֪ôࣿʼƶΣҪʯ
뵽ǱȥˣһҾͻǱߵʯôǺúŰɡʹÿɣû뵽һֹܼҵʶ࣬ʶҪһ㣬ǣҲԼĶ֮
˵ţԴ¶˳ܹһ˲Ϣȫ¼ǵĻ˵ĿҴʶпһЩȤĶʦ󷨴ʦʦû뵽Ȼôȫŵˡ
ŻȻΪʲôԼĸֶôԭԼʶУôϢ


1166 ʬ
һӸҺа帡۾ʼնóǺܼɵġ
ۿŰһƣȻʵ飬Ⱑ֪ʦϵµĸֲϲ඼ָƣָµҺ̬ʣˡ׾ûʲôܸô
һڸҺУԴͲתΪа˸棬Դĸܽ
Ҫ֪ܣǻ˵ãҲ޷ղǸͷ˵ҵӦܹ֪ڹʯⶫɣЦ
¦ʯһƣɫֽͬһҰףһ¡
ڹʯңû뵽ܼ
¦ʯ߶߶¦ǧɽ̲סʵϹܼңڹʯǸʲôѵǳô
¦ʯ̾˵ֱجвŻеĶںܾǰйаһ֮Լһеһаʬڡ
¦ʯ˵ҲȻйŵĴ˵
ǸѲţ˵ʼʱʬڻǺаרо޵ʬΪҪоķ
һʱȻŸоЩ죬ǱϾоʬģҲû⡣
ʬоһʱǵ·ӾͿʼתˣ޵ʬתоߵʬ壬ٺͿʼԻ˽ƺо
ʬڵм¶ͬ飬ǸʬչԵ׷ɱ
ʬڼһҹ֮䱻Ϊƽأ
ʬڵĺܶоϣȴϷ֣ƿܵһЩҪõĿǴʬõ˲ٵ
ʬвٵоǰ飬ܾܿʬͨ޽Ӹͬʬ壬ǻ壬ٸԶصϣټ޽ĳԲγɵһ̸߼ܵĹ
ڹʯңʬһƷ
ͨʧܵһЩʬ壬Ҫ𼣣ʣĹǻԽԽ࣬ʬڵҲ湻ԣⶫҲ˷ѣм˺ܶϣƳڹʯҡ
ⶫǳأܹͨʶơ
ƽõʱڹʯҾ̳״ĳ״̬棬һܵʶļÿһڹʯҵĿתγ״̬ӣǱҽҪĶ
ҽֻһЩµĻ𶾣ڹʯҵ״̬л𶾣ʬͻ궾Щ
¦ʯܹ֮ʶ飬ΪʬƹٴĹΧʬڵʱмˡ
ڸ׷£˼Ʋŵ
˭뵽٤ϻĶڣ
ĬĬעŰ飬˵һ·ڿɱȱ
һЦҳɱΪ˭ѵܵļô㣬ҪǼ֣һܹҲܰǸˣϧ̫ˡ
٤ǣԼĿİɣȻЦ
һ㣬ô֪ģ
ǺǣԹһҪڶȻǱ٤ǵǬ޶ġֻǬ̫ǿ޷ӽɡ۾Ű˵
ߣ࣬ȷʵǴȷʵҵĿģѵǵĿôʡʡɣԼʶƣԻһӵܣٿطҴѾǧˣҶ޷ӽ˵ˡ
ű˵ⷬȻΪЩ˱ԼԶˣԼУЩ˾͸ˡ
ٺЦҲˣȥˣȴܹ˷һѴԼĿĵġ
鶸Ȼ䷢ļµ˻ס죡޴࣬Ǹ߸ϵ̬ɣô춼޷ı˶ҪĽ֣㲻ǺܹʯôҾȰŪˣ
˵ţ嶸Ȼһתʯͳ˹ȥ
ڰЦ˿ûжֵ˼
ת˲͵ʯĸȵķ֣ԼʯһľǰĿռȻͬ͵һصԼôŬǰʯߣȴ·һ㣬޷
󷨣Ťͷ۾㣬ôģеһжҵļ֮£ʲôʱʯΧ󷨣
˵̫ˣԶҪӵö࣡ڣԺúýһˣ
˵ţһ壬Űͳ˹ȥ
ðҵҪһﻹʲô˲ֶΣûͨԵﰲ˲٣¶ϣһצץ
צͨ巺ڣָޱȣź⣬һǼΪӲ֫޽ӹĶ΢΢һ࣬Ѿܿ˰צһȭŰž˹
ಣ
ͷȻһ°ȫס
޴࣬һôĿֱǴˣ
ĿЦȻֹΪоԼĺ󱳶Ȼһһ鸡Ӱĺϡ
һѾǰĺĴվĺϣĺ󱳣ֻҪһʹͻ͸
㣬㡭ôģ鿴ԼͷϾŵֿվԼϵӵɵ
һһ򵥵󷨶ѡ˵ʱҰԼķͷųȻĻʯ󷨣ȻҵķʱͻȻ֣ǲǺܼ򵥰ѹһͨԵϷ˵
ڰ麦µȫʱʹһӰͷѳŰһݺݺһȭ
ӴҽһȴǲΪϵõָಿλǰѴ󵶵̹ģɲҳѴ󵶲ʲôζ
ˣͶҲ湻ģϳġ
ЦȻͶˣǾҪֳһ˵꣬ȭͷǲҪǮһŰԴһٿŹ
ͶͶˣôţҲ޷ܵȭҽУ治һܹݵġ
Щˣͣ˵һô
һ˵һȻپ
˵һ˲䣬Ȼо˲Ľ£ԭĸоȻޱȼӲĸо
Сģɫ䣬˲ԼϽ졣
ͬʱͼͬʱ³ͷ֫ͳͳһһ͵ơ


1167 
ͼͷĸû죬ҿҲ㹻ǿᣬҪȻֱӾܱ˺ˡ
סϹ㣡׼Ծȴ˫žȻסˡ
ͷһڰıϸֳһĶЩѾ˫Ÿס˫žǱǶĶһ
޴࣬и˲𰡣ˣа˸ԴֻҪԷ񣬾㹻ʩչܵʱˡ̸Цתоܵɣոоֵˡ
µһ㶫֪ʲôˣ쾧ʯΪ̵ϣ磬ͨҪһɽвһСС쾧ʯû뵽龹Ȼô쾧ʯ
˿ֲǣȻܹٿ쾧ʯ
ǱߵܲҲ˲ˣ͵ؼȫʶ˲ڵܽϵת˳̼䵽۵С
Ѫ
ıȣѪһĺǰ̼仯ѪѪ꣬Ѫ굱Уһž޴ͷ˳һƺ𣬳һ㾧Ө쾧ʯ
ǡ
һֲӰıϴųǼӲޱȵ쾧ʯȻι£ȫѡ
ٸнһᣬԾֱȥ
ٺЦֻצһһɫĻʱǰ
֪ɫĻǿһҲ쾧ʯҲûп̫࣬ٴεܣӱۻ
׺棡
һŰ״۵ĹŴֱϱųǰнĹٿػĹǰͻǧĵģ塣
ɫĻ˶£ǲһ㡣
ǰͷ˺ɫĻ⣬գۼ䵽ǰ趯ͨԵΧ鿳˼£һâסļͷȫնϡ
ͷʱ䣬ķ˲ٵԵЩ㲣ҲͣϷɵߣΪһ塣
鱻նͷĲҽһͷҪڹʯꡣ
ȻˣͱȥˣӴָͳâ̵֮˿һӵ˰ıϡ
â֮˰ĺ󱳣ק˿ݺһᣡ
أ
鷢˸ҵĽâ֮úҪѵĻʮǲеġ
â֮ϵĵʮֹ죬ȥףεʱȴܹסΧһƬ򣬰ܲʹ岻е˿ˡ
ಣ
鲻ľƣһ˦βͣβʹβ˳ļݺ
һ˿֣һ죬ӭ˰β˵ļ̡
һݺץסβ˼˵Ĳ֡
󺧣ƴҪس飬ǰ۰Ŭ޼¡
ߣ̲֪Ϊ˶ٻ£ǻ˵ĺãЦһβ˼һקһţ˰һһڵβϡ
һޱȼ͵βԵıǰ͸˵ĹһѪĽǸβ˼ֽ̱ŸŪˡ
ͶͶ鷢ļµ˻һɲܹǵġ
ߣͶղҲô˵İˮѰŵüҪɢ
˴ˣģҷˣһ˵ĻҲˣˡ䷢ģ֪ǰܹһ˺˵ĺݽɫ
а˸˼Ĵԣҿܻ治㣬ȸɵ߸ԣȻ˵¶һ˿̵ЦݣЦݶڰ˵Ǽֱ͸һ㡣
ˣҲΪˡı¿Էַңﻹʲôİе۾ᣬг˼
һԻһɫ˵κ飬һ޿ɺǡ˵˵ɱ˶ٸһޱȵ飿˵ҪǰˣЩùƽô
ʱֹǧҪĻԼһġ
ˣŹҰɣһģΪ£ֻһŬϧһûĻᡣ
ЦҪҲУһܹɡֻҪ˵ңͿԻȥ
ϲ֪ԼĻᣬܹ˵ǰˣԼϣˡ
ǣҪʲôɴǰأһ£ǰԼ֪ص˵˳
ˣ֪Ǭ޵ܣе˵˳ϣܹ
жϢޱȵģȴûκεı֡
Ŷ֪Ǭ޵ܣ⵹Ǹ˸ȤĻ⣬˵˵ҾøˣͰˡ
˿ĭʯǱߣֿ֪ʲô˼ͰѰһξ룬ԼĪűˣ԰˵Ӧûܹˣ֪ʲô˵ɡ
ãҲ֪ţǬĳڣ֪ʲôĻ֪ܶһ㶫Լкôġ
û뵽֪زһǰ㡣
ʬڱϽ𣬲еʬھӢ𣬵һʬڳ˳ԼеԽѡ
ܳŰıӣŴζ㿪˸ΧˡȰʹӰ־Ҫ⸴ʬڣѸʬϵĳ˫
һĿңңڣʬڶʢʱ򶼱ˣھʣһˣôܹѩأ
οʬѾ˶Ϊаţ˺뷢չһӶ̸⸴ˡ
ȻĻʱһϢȼϣǾһǬ޲֪ʲôϡ
Ϣ˴ᣬʶƿסһӵܣ٤ǣҪоǬ޵ʬ塣
ڼĲɱУĿǬڵλãҪʵʩԼļƻǵ͹Ǭ޵Ŀֲʵ
ǬȻʣһˣ֪ǸʲôģҲͺһǹ
һӾͰŪʬ޴棬ҿʬڵĳϣ֪һЩطסԼ겻һ·񱼻ϣܹʹԼԱ档


1168 ޵Ĵ˵
ǣǬ޵Ĺʵ̫ˣҲܵ˼˺
ߵʱһЩַָ˺ʱѾֲסˡ
֪˺ܶǬ޵ء
ʬڵĳϣȻǬ޽Ӵһ棬Լоʬľ飬֪ǬΪʲôǿ
Ǭ޵ǿܹ֮壬̺ĿʯǶֹΣǬȫܹɡ
ңǿתƣܹɵѸתԼõǬ޲Żôֲƻ
Ǭ޵㹻ǿ޵׶һ֣ǵ֮ġ
Ǭķ֣Ǭ޵һʶΪǸʽǬ巢˲ɸıת
ǬûнˣΪܹܺǬԼѪ׼һĻȺ
ķɵѪз⵽ڵĳطȻ뵽˯УЩѪѪ¼Ǭ޾Ϳʵ
Ǭްλ趨˵߹ǵλãһССͻ𣬾һѴСĵһֻҪ㹻Ǭ޾ܹʵ´һٴγĳڡ
޸Լ꣬Ϊ̫أڻɢˡЩ䣬ȴǱȫˡ
ΨΨŵŵ˵ˣѾصˣǲǿԷŹˣ
ˣڰĵĻﶼû⡣ȰٴʱŻع
һ뵽˳˼У鿴˼ӣĶҪɤˡ
ҿһҪٲкô찡˵ţһ˫۾˰顣
һƹԼ¶˿ϲЦݣˣֻҪһҸʲôԡģҾĻһöԼԼġ
ҡҡͷöԼԼȻЧ޾ľֺʹеġ飬Ҹָһ·벻ߣ
Ͻôָ㣬Ҿôȥ
ЦǺãҴ٤Ƿֱ֮һȥǬ޵ź۷ʲôֻҪǬ޵ź˹ͻΪ֮ء֮زԶ˹ģΪĴ㿴ô
Բ۾ԼĶ䡣
ȷ˵ʵΪѵˣҵΪľ£ǣﻹͨڹʯһ棬ȥ֮󣬾޷ˡ
ЦģҼȻΪҵĴҾбɻϡȿʼһҰһйʬڻЩŰĻȫɾûɣ
Ͻˣû⣬룬һúϵġ
۾ϣͨԷ۾Լ뵽˰ԺС
֪а˸ԣÿһʮֽС΢й۲죬йʬڵĻ䣬һЩյȫɾ
յһЩܣЩĿġǰʹóĺɫĻǴøֵĻĻܣкܺõĵЧҿõܣȻܶơ
ļôãҲǲġЩɾˣҲûرֶˡ
ɾĲˣȻڰһһ˫۾һĶоⶫ·ܿԼһ
֪ͨһʶܣܹѸٿԷʶĶܻǸ鱣ɣȻļ̫ͣҲ겻Լ
뵽̲ס˫۾ĴȥһԼʶ·ȫһ㡣
󺧣ϽԼʶȫջصԼʶУ۾Ű飬ûʲô֡
۾ͲҸӡ
̧ͷҵ۾˵
󣬴󡭡ˣңҡҲҡ˵⼸ּþȫż
ߣǲǷʲô˵ʵҼȻһͻسŵҪǸƭҵĻҿջԼĳŵĻͺһشݺ˰ϡ
ңҿ˴ʶһЩ䣬֪֪Ǵ罵ٵģʵѾѾ
ˣֱ˰ĻԼȫ֪ˡ
֪Ҳã֪жҲ֪ΪҰ»ʲôʲôǰ̡ҵĻЧΪҰ¡ֻĶҲñ֪ģ֪ôˣ˵
֪֪ˣ֪ɵˣҲΪУ㲻ñ֪Ȼͻñ˲֪Ŀѣʲô˶жߵʵŵð㱳ȥﻹ˵ģ
û˵ͨԵѰıпȥ֧ậָ֮ⶼ˵ҩı˺ܿˡöѰβ˼̸ϣϾͻָˡ
Ѿ֪ҵˣҲ֪ôˡԺۣ۵ı׼ȥˡ⣬ļлһЩļܣ㹻ˡֻҪڼϰͿ԰ڹʯɵˡ
óϷ£лˣһṼ˵ĺ񰮺еġ
ֵôЩԼȡġסԺ٤϶Ǽ˹ͳ䵱ǵߣƹȥ㽫ܡ֪вΪٺ١
ͷһݣϽ˵֪˵ֶΣһúûţ˷ģ֪Լĸô
ͷ֪ͺãһ飬Ǿǹɱ飬ֻҪΣͲҪɱҪΣɱ⣡Ҷȥɣ٤ԺҪˡ
˼ݣһû뵽ڹʯҵУգۼʧˡ
عȥɵʯԱߣ󷨻ʯٿʯͱڵһߡ
ʯ̧ȥǰһƬһде֡¦ṩĵͼϵäΪǿǬźĵط۵ɪȴȻ
Щȥ˵ҵģ֪Ǭ޵ܣüƻбҪıˡ


1169 Ǯͬ
ѹ屦¦ǧɽеһߣ˵µ״ù屦¦ǧɽϽȥǧ٤˻ˮˡ
屦Щ˼飺عӣǲ˵õôҪһȥЩ˵鷳ôû˾ͱˣ
屦һ¦ǧɽڴĦ˵һأ֪кܴ顣
һܳʱ䣬֮ǰ˵кصҪ˵ӦǸ˵йء
һȥΣգǲ㣬һԿ϶ǣжǰɡ
뵽¦ǧɽЦϴعţ϶ĵǻعӵİŰɡ
屦ˣȻһӵʣҲȥ
ҲͣӴָȡһС͵ķ¦ǧɽ屦ԴԼ»صǼʷǱߡˣȥ֮򲻿һеȺԼϢ
ٱʱԼһЩƷеҩ͸ˣЩ԰ǰһΣ
Ź屦˳ˣïʢ֣ŰԺ·ߣһͷֵС
Ժе·ߣǼǧǰľ·ߣѾȥôʱ䣬Ҳ֪ûиı䡣
нĹУ˲˾ĺۼЩۼǳң֪ѡн·ߺˡ
һͶԾ·ģ壬Щۼ֮󣬾͸ˡ
ԣźۼԵ·ߣֵн˺ۼĵط˾ҲʡԼ·ôѾΧʱ򣬺ۼܶ࣬Խߣ˾ĺۼ˺ܶࡣ
ţȻʬ壬ǰϸ鿴˶Ƕĸ֣ͨӦĳӵܡ
ĸ˵ڵûжã沿ʮְ꣬Ǿһ񶷲ġ
ЩˣҪ֪ĸֿɲһ̲ˣ˵˾ܳˡгֶ϶ߣҲҪѺܴĹܹ
ϸʬĻ£˵λһЩͷųԼʶϸ̽飬ȫһϸţë̴ˣѹ˻ȥһ
˰ȥģ˵Ǳ͵ʩɱ֣˱ϾǷ֮͵Ϯʵʮָݡ
ˣЩԾΪܹģ϶ǳˣûܹðɵĳȹͱڵġ
Բ䵥ӣǵװϿԿʮ룬Ǳƾ˵ʵҲǸѧϰģӦûļִ졣˾˵ȥأ
뵽˼ʱȻ䣬һɼͣȴǼΪƿоһϸ΢âԼϮ
Ҫ㿪͵ϮֻҪһƮͿˣʯһ˲䣬ͻȻһ󵨵ͷסϢԼǿӲһ¡
һϸâϣôǿ壬оǱݺҧһĸоôоǻʯͷҲᱻһ͸
ѽ
һһͷԵڵء
ãһӰ˹ԸоʮСģһ¹۲һ߿£
ʮԶʱ˺ȻŤͷܣգۼͲӰƣѵ˿Լ
ӦòģǾĿˣʱ£˼թҪͨķʽ̽һµ֮˵û
뵽ſﲻصȴš
һյʱ䣬ϢֹˣʮԶľΧʼȦӣת˺üȦ˲ȷ޶ߵǰžһ¡
ùСӣ֪֪ʲôطһҴܣ֪ôİɣߣǮүǡ
˵˶Ȼǰһϵʬ徹Ȼˣһɭɭ˵ʲô
ϷӦԼмˣæһݣһ׼֮˶ԼԼóûǰ֮˵ľ롣
˭֪ƺõһʧȴǳ⣬͸оԼǱһֻ޴ǯסһôѺһ㣬˿á
ǲ
һѵţһɴĳǵľʹ⴦
ء
ҪУȴס졣
ꡭôҽҪҽϰ߰ѷҽÿһͷϵģҵ˼ôʮĸͣ㣬Ļ᲻˼
ء
һ߷һ߸Ͻͷ
֣ת˵ǰȸ֣ķʥȻһҪ㡣
˱ϵĸ첲϶ĺžֱҲشʻ
ǮͬǮҵˣŹҰɡǮͬҲ֪ǰ˲ԼԵģϽġ
Ǯңôô죿üͷһ壬Լʲôطĳƺ
Ǯ֪ͬǮңϽˣǮҿǺģרԹصƷģǲǸǮҵֽ鰡
һصƷȻֲô죬ԭ
ӴָͳһЦǮͬǰε
ậ֮˻ǸǮйϵǿǴˮһ˲ʶһˡˣâ֮̿ǮеƷﻹء˵ţǮͬžʹԼĴָҲͳһ֧â̡֮
Цһ˵еƷҿȻɣậ֮ԼƳġ
ǮͬƲῪЦƳ
˵ǮͬͲ԰׵ʱѪɫȫޣ߶˵Ǯܹ֮â̵֮ģֻһˣѵǡ
΢΢ףңҲб˼ˣĳֶûҲ˵ˣ֪һЩ飬ʵʵҵģô
Ǯͬϵĺˮʱȡ֮һ־顣
أǮҿɸûʲôͻѵҪ
ɫһ˵ٸҷϻǮûиֱӶͻȴǸҵĳṩƷâ̵֪֮İɣϵĻҲһ£㻹ûâ֮ʲôζɣ
Ǯͬһһ̱ڵءâ֮ȻûԼ壬Ǯͬȴۼâ֮ľ
ǿܹܰ
â֮ĥԼζǲġ


1170 峡
Ǯͬıֺ⣬â֮һļоƳģâ̵֮Ŀֲû˻Լ˸ˡ
Ѫ֮ˣ෴ģֻҪܹﵽĿģ;Ѫ
Ǯͬҳһ㣬ļȻǰҶͷæҶǮҲû̫ĳޡһҪ㰵ңչӦŪ㣬ǣҸһ··ҪԼȡİ
˵ţͣµâ̡֮Ǯͬ۾û뿪ậ֮ⶫûϣȴǸǮͬһâڱĸо̣²졣
شˣ֪ʲôֻҪ֪ȫ˵ȫ˵ǮͬЩˣ֮ǿ糬кܼɻ䱻ᵽģǮͬǵùˣȻˣǾʲô˵ʲôɡ
â֮һգǮͬҾԸ˴򽻵ʲôҶ֪Ͳ˵ˡ֪ǣȥǬźܹмˣ
Ǯͬ˵ͽ׼ʻҲɵݺһ¹ؼشܣй¶ǿûùӳԡǮͬʵĥԾͰԼ֪Ͳһȫ˵˳
ǰǬźȥ˻治٣ɳͱڣӶĹӶ඼ˡӵҲ·˲١
ֵȻ̭ʣµļŻǳռݾԵơ٤ǵʱǮҾͺͿ׼ҺһлҴЭ飬ļϣеȫɱջõҾ֡
Ǯļƺܴ󣬿ɻбļҲСǮļҪңѹûŸ˾֣Լ̣лϵ
⣬˲ľԼһ壬ݼķԼҾпɢǬ޵Ϣʼٸߡ
Լһֱһصļ壬ƽʮֵ͵ɽ¶ˮģÿеĴ¼ٲԼ˵Ӱ
ǮļҷҪľ֣ҲҺԼңļŶӶΪǡ
Ϊ˼پ֣Ǯ˼壬Χʱ򣬾ͼһЩСŶӡڰ֣ǬźʱҪõöࡣ
Ϊźʱ˭ʱȥ֣ܶʱԽپԼڼҪĶ
ǣǮͬΧ峡һЩļŸɵΧһЩ֡
Լң̾һҲŵģЩԺյĳ˵ԼҵͷҪ˺ܶࡣ
˭ҲΪԼͷҺǣһܹ־ؼ塣
ǮͬΧ峡жˣҲȥԼˣѻǹһǮ⼸塣
ǮͬĽУԼܸȤļ塣ԼĿľ鷳Ҳû㡣
Ǯͬʵʵش𣺡ǵǮð峡ҪǮҵ⣬һм˸һһʮˣǶڲͬλãǺöԸľֱӸɵмֵĶ֣˶ĵط
峡ôɵ˶ˣʵ
ɱ˲ˣҵ䵥Ѿʮкü˵ŻﱻǵĶСӸɵˡڣǮͬҲûʲôҲֻʵʵ˵ˡ
һüͷ˵ҿӦǸһߵģôǵĴӷֿɵģ
ܼ򵥣һһЩܹųѤùâƷڲͬĵطЩ˷֣ȻȻ˳Źâ鿴ֻҪѡضĽǶȷˡ֮ͬȥţЩ˾ͻᶪͬˡ˵ͬӦڲԶĵطҲɵˡ
ߣǻɷѿİЩ˵
ǮͬĻͷЩԣϽ˵شˣ˵Ҷ˵ˣҲ˵ǮҸûдŹҰɡ
ЦŹ㣿ҲУЩֲɱҵĹˣҶЩԲҡ
Ǯͬûһ¼ָƣһλ켸ʮϰݺأҸ¾罵֮˵ĺڣôܲľأ
شˣҪҸʲôǮͬҧҧ֪ҪԹΨһѡ
ȥǼ岼µΧ峡ˣˣһƳɿܣȻȥɱһԼҵˣ֪жصİɣ
ϵЦݣǮͬ;ԼǱӹһ̫ˣǸԼǮǿеĽడǮû£ԼļСɾ͵ùˡ
һǮͬûǹԹıȽϺá
뵽ǮͬͷشˣģҸ·
΢΢һЦȻǮͬȥһҩ裬һǮͬĺԣǮͬѾҩȥˡ
Ǯͬо亹ٴð£֪ҲʦģʦܹƵҩ涾ҩҲǾúܰ
£˵ҩἫ󻺽Ĺʹġǲǲʹ֮ΪҸɻġ
ȻǮͬоԼϵľʹ˺ܶ࣬ңҲԻˡ
ǮͬҵϽһص·ǰУһ·ϣǮָͬԼӦʲôǡ
һľʮïܵĵطǮͬȻ˵شˣǰԶʮķˡطǷ۲ģǼǰߵıؾ֮··;ȫľˡ
ΧҲȷʵǮͬ˵Ǯͬ΢΢һЦȻ䲻һǮͬĲ֮ϣûҪֻǰǮͬιȥ
ԼɱǮͬŵԣ˳ְǮͬϵĴָժ
ѾҪǮͬˣǻֻǿǮͬˡ
ǮͬĵصȥԼʶͷųȥСǰһн
ڲǰԶĵط˵Ϣʶ̽Уĸ֣һľУΪΧҶï޷˵ġ
Ǵ尡ĸ֡һ£˵ļԴһЩóȻ֣Ϊޣɱһ֮һʱ䷢ġ
Ϊһ֣Ҫгġһﱣʮɵľ룬ΪģСĲϸǵΧת˰ȦȷΧûбķ˿£ȥ
λעķǰһٰʮȵķΧڡΪֻΧǰнıؾ·ߡкǰߣ϶ǻ뵽ǵķȦڵġ
˷Ĺ۲췶Χ߲˹ȥܵƣҲƵ˵ҪǿƹĻһľܲ졣


1171 ɱ
ڿռ䣬һЩ󷨶޷ʹóҪֻһϢ˽ӽ
Ҫˣֻһ·ߣȸɵߵһȻԽɵˣȥɵһ
˵ϣÿǰһҪѹסߵ֦ҶȻſܹûаֵϢ
һʱӽеһˡȻ۾ԷʶȴͶ˷֦Ҷ˵ԼԺС
ҪһطԲܰ˻ɱڵĻȴǸ˸⣬ڻɱ˵ʱ򣬲ܷ
ιȱųֶΣ̫ˡɱֶζһĸ˵ֲһֶεѡϣһʱԾ
˰죬ÿ⡣ǰнһ룬ѾǼˣٽһ㣬ǶԷƾо쵽Χ
壬ȷ˶Է۾λãȻ壬ںԺݺǰһڡ
֦ҶǸ֮γһССûκڵͨԷȻסˣʶ۾ת˹
ȻͨСͨһ˫ޱ۾оʱ򣬻ûҪӦ͸оԼʶȫԷ۾ȥˡ
֦ҶۿžҪλʯһ˲䣬Լʶȫ뵽˶ԷʶС
뵽Էʶкû˿ԥѸж˶Էʶһ磬Ȼѡһּ䣬Щ¹жзӦȫɾ
ʱǲκεĸ֮˵ģѡֱöԷʶϵǿֶΡ
ȻûмҵĽ棬̷ǳգֻҪƵĲһôĺͻǽȻͬġ
СģǷ΢춯˿죬ȻԶ˲׽ˡ
ౣԶǸһ﷢˼֪Ǳ˴˼źţ쳣ʱ򣬱˴˼Ҫİ
ɲӦϽס˵ļ䣬ҵķ͸Էһһİ
Զ˰ǰ˱Լס˵ߡ
סԶˣʱ䷭˵ļ䣬Ժҵȫ
ΧģǮͬɢһЩȽ׶ԸˡвöԸ˳֣Ǯͬ˷źţɺ˽
˵С飬ǷΧǱǻѡԼķֶΡΪǰǮͬһ氵ɱһ飬ǮͬṩϢȻôж
Ҫ˶Ļ˾ͳСϣγһС
һСļţһߣ䱸൱װзΣҪǰȫȥʮԴǵķйȥ
еļ䣬˵ؿһƣ˶ʱ
˿ɸǮͬһǮͬҲͨ籨ţΪԼѾй¶ͨ籨žͲǸԼˣѾǳˡ
ûгԼ˵Ϊ϶ᷢģΪԷһѾļɾˣһƱֻ˲ܱܵġ
ౣС簵ŸǸ˷ѶϢѯһ¶ԷϻӦԼû⡣
ͨһ磬öԷ׷ͬߵͿԾ۾עԼ۲ķΧˡ
ǳŶԷעתƵǰʱֿʼƶһӽԷ
ΪССмʮɵľ룬ֻҪ̫죬ǲᾪ˵ġ
ǵһ㣬һûѡİͨԵק׼õԷ
ͨԵܳճ˵ǲյĻʹáǵȴͨԵ޼᲻ݵ
Էʮľ룬ͣʶѶԷǱ۲ڼĽǶȣҪĲһǶԷκεϢ
õĳλһԷĺ䲿λնϣͿʹԷΪ
ŲʵĽǶȣһȻͨԵ¶һãһ貵ĵâӹâ֦֮Ҷ׷ױնϵ䣬˸OO@@Ǹ˸û뵽ܵĽ
ȵ֦Ҷصϸ΢ҪӦʱĵâѾǰˡ
ۣ
âӹ˵壬Ƶһģһâ˵ļ򻮹䣬һֱ˵İԴΡ
ľ֦Ҷɳɳûб췢
ǰһ£ȻСн
еķСУѶľС顣ǰԼˣҲԼˡķ涼Ϊṩǰ˷ʾôǾͻᾯҲϽ֧Ԯ
Ȼǰ˸ˣС֧ԮǷǳ鷳ġ
۲һµΣ׶ԷɱСΪʲôȡˡ
ܹͨ˵ĵΣһ״һͨ˰صĵطխģ˰صĵطࡣ
ǸΪĵơ
Լʶ۲죬Ҳϡϡλ֮ľȻ󣬵ÿһ˵Ĺ۲ӽǣܹԼͬλչ˵оЩˡ
Ƕһ˶֣˲ɵԷܹɵһˣԼټҲ϶ᱻ֡
ϸ۲һȻ˵λȻһֱߣмǸекҲ˵Աߵͬбչ˵ӽǣҪͷġ
Ƚкߣпܲ
ҪʵȻɱмǸˣҪðմӱԵ˵м䴩ǸΪ뷨Ҫ֪ڵ˵ƤɣֻҪһ⣬ԼϾͻᱩ¶
˰죬ðյİ취вԵİ취ΪмȥǴӱԵ˵߽ȥֽչ˵ĵطΪߵä㣬Ҳνĵºڡ
⣬һ±ԵߵĽλãѡ˽λмһ·ǰС
·ߣʵϾм˵ǰм˵עȴԼǰҪעԵͬ࣬һǵܡ
ԵͬϣмӾעǺܼС򣬼һм˿ȥ
һֻסԱһѪɱǮͬĴָͳ˼һƷ


1172 
ⶫǮƵĶŰרڰɱ֮õġ壬Ʒ֮¸оǱҧһһ
ɻ˵治óʹðǮͬŰٲϵľ뾫ȷɱĸ֣ûǸֶΡ
Ȼھ֤ǾֲɡǮͬĴָͳʮƷϸһ£ⶫרžΪǿƵһ㡣
â֮ΪƣһЩΪӲ棬һƷȡ˺ļ˽ṹۿŶ£ϸȴܷʽˣǰнʱһ
嵽ز߲ܹܳˣ㲻ûᴩ
һѶʮƷȡǹķʽǰˡֱΧ֦ҶᲦһܹĿռ䣬һ׼Ʒ˹ȥ
ۣʮϸ΢ЩƷǴ˶֡
Ҳ˵ľм˷İš
Ͻ˹ȥʱԵϵעм䣬Ƕ˰һΪΣյ֡
˸оˣܸһɼΣյϢ£ʱӦϳʾѡ˳ĬҪй۲һµʲô
֪ԼһжԷʶˡм䱻ɵ˺Ҳɵľ룬ľϣȥҲʱ䣬˷ѵӦܹյıʱ䡣
ž
˵һעոתƵʱ򣬾;úһһֻѾοסԼĲӡ
ʱҪʾҪͬ飬ʲôˣ
˷ӦҲ죬ҪȥײߵľֻҪѰԼͬᷢ쳣ġ
ǣſסӵĴ֣һ忿
һֻ־סһֻȻְֻһֻֿסȻԷ˫˫Ҳס
˾뵽һһԶ֣
ԼŤϵǲһһĸ֣ķʽĸɵˡ
ϳʣµһȥʣ˸оŶˣֱӳеô£ظ
δ䣬˾;һ΢Թһֻΰͷϡʱ˸оԼͷϾǱѹһɽһԴ뵽֮С
һֻ˵ıһģһ죬˵ȫอȫˡ
Ҳ֪﷢ûбעеĻӦܹ
һطû˹鿴һӵʱ䣬˿ûб֡
Ǻûע⵽Ӱ˿ȥ
ȵ⵽⼸˵λõʱˣ߸˵״ܲѰô߸ˣ
󲻽⣬Ҫ֪ЩģֱӴӶԷĴԵõϢǾԲѵġ
ѵǺּһˣɻǣЩ˵мֱ⣬ϰ۲㣬ȫе۲ʮɵλϡ
ѵ壿뵽Ⱥúù۲һ
۲ʮɵľϣûǰźƶ۲Ĺ۲ΧûаصԱ
ȷûаǱԺ۲㿿ȥ
ѾСģû뵽˵ǰװԤƷ˻ʮʱ򣬾һ
۲˷ӦΪϸߺʾʾȴ󷢳
֪ɱļƻʧˣڵʯ˲䣬ǿˡ
˷ͬʱһǰ壬һקͨԵԼǰͷͨԵб
һ貵ĵâκθ赲壬ľ֦Ҷ׷׵䣬ǸҲбΡ
ŵת򣬱ߵǸ۲˹ȥһͱˣתͷʱÿԼͬ߸߷龰
ͬʵǸడͬ鶼ԼҲǿĶȥ
̬һתĸͬܣȴ»
бܣͻԼͬԶĵطȥԼܻͬ֯ʱ䡣ֱͬܣǸʡʱ䰡
֣͵һܣͺڵһ˵ĺ󱳡
ž缰壬ܵԱһȴΪһԼٶȽʹúٸգۼ͵˽ǰ
ٶȲȭ޻ںˣΪٶ̫죬һתٶȽûжĻᡣ
һͬйƤһɵԱߵϣ˾͸˵ˤһѿ
֣Ҳ۲ͣһšʣͳ˹ȥ
գۼ䣬ͳ嵽˽ǰеĸ֪ǰˣʱǰӭ
Ҳ˷ʱˣʶٿѸٹ䵽ͨԵ档
նһȣͨԵɢһҰ׵ĹâוּһͨԵĵһЮŰ׹âĺɫ˳
âͬһ˫а۾һĸϹˡ
鷢һͳƺһһȥ
ۡ
ƵĿԴһǻǻѪɽɶ߲ſ¡
һе֣ϰٻأͨԵҲջ˴ָУһһˡ߸Ծ״ӿ˺ݺ¡
;ȻоЩͷΪ岻ŤӣͲӭеӡ
ϽڰжȵĵؿڵʱɽһƣѾжˡ
Ȼ˵ؿڡֵĸоǲԣӦһĺӵţļӦʮֽʵʸеġ
ȴһţҲëͷСӣָ뵽һֿܣǸԵؿڣ
ʱͬһϽ֣ҲЩ̡תһߣȥصˡ
أԷʽ˶ԷһۡԭǱסһƲˡ
ˣҲʮͣ÷һΪɫӺ󣬶Ҵ۾лӯӯ⣬ԵҼ
Ůħݣͯվ޲Ĵݡ


1173 С
еȻֲ߸ˣ˰ץôһ˰ӦЩ˵ķ²ϽŮϵ
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Ůϰ⿪Ҫٸ⿪°ʱ򣬺׵ģŮһĶ⡣
Ů⿪ϵİԴŮͽŮĳҲǷǳѸһգʵʵһ¡
һǶ⣬һˡԼŮ˵ң
ŮϵƲһקָ󺰵ɫǣո㶼ʲôѵô
ͳһ˲ƵǣԶҲҪռŮ˵ıˣռ˱ˣ㶼ҪʹĴ۵ġ
ֵ̯㣬֪ôвղҿǾ㰡ղҿ֮ʧɲܶ𱨰
ʲô㻹ҽƱ磡ŮƯĴ۾ɵԲеռ˲˵ҸмǰɣҾҪ
Ů̫ˣԼ˫ϻţǰһҪѵȴһʧȥƽһͷ˹
ʶ־һҪסŮɻ֮гָûλãֶֻץһĶ
ʱˣովΪһ£Լķ˼ңǻĲλ
Ů˫رУʱĸ첼һ˫һӱסɫǣҪҧ㣡
˵ţŮſ죬¶˽ݣĲӾҧ˹ȥ
ʱһֵӣ̧־ܰѶԷˤˡɶԷһŮԼռ˱ˣ˵ʲôҲܶŮִݻɣ
һңŮһҧļϡ˵ǿᣬ⧲£Ǹоʹ
̲סһ£ŮƴҧĲȣˤڵءŮһѹϣΪһλãŮҧ쾹Ȼ촽
ӣŮȫɵˣΣŮȷӦһ̧ͷռıˣ㻹֪ռ˻жҰɣ
˵ţŮſͣ϶¾ҧ
ȵȵȵȣ㣬ںҰɣ侲òãҿǱ۸ģҧˣҪȻ˿ǿ˵ˡ治ҶԼһСŮһֱӰŮŪˡ
ȻСŮҲжΪ磬һģ˭ʵͰһŮ
Ů磬ɵÿ˵ȷʵ˵һԼѹ˼ҵϣȥҧ˼ңôôñŤ
侲һ£ŮſϽһһߣǱ
ŮҪȴ˫Ȳɻ
ιҽһ¡Ůһԣòý⿪Ԯ
ηŮһۣԥŲǰһΣգȴһķ򣬺вŮŮˣӮ˽ʤ֮䣬Ǿ͸ˡ
æô㻹ǲˣŮ˵
С߹˵㣬æԣɱҧҰ
˵ţĽ䱸ŮǰŮ⿪
Ůָɣתͷܡ
վסŮקĽסôôûԼôһİһСŮô
ŮԶһ²͸Ķǰ´ֱֻٶȥ顣Ů֪һˣȻǺˣǾͺԥҪߣֲĻУһǶôҪ
תͷڨڨ㣬ⲻѾָô㻹
˵꣬Ůһ۾˵ʲôģôôҿɣҽ廹ࡣ
ʱҲˣŮ˫һ̯˵ôеĻҲû
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ѾͷȻ˵ƲƲͣЦȻôΪҾ˰ҪǻסңҪˣҿǴɫǣסһɫǣǲʲôɸ˵Ŀİ
ŮĿɿڴôҲû뵽ȻôϬԴǵٴתʱŮԥҪҪסһԥӰԶˡ
ιιɫǣޣǸС磬ȵҰһﰡŮЩˣһ˵ţһ׷ȥ
ɲ԰һɫôţɫǶ㷰ǻǸ߸ĵòãҲһСߣۿ׷Ծο
һ뵽СŮӣ̲סϾСŮɲôġ
ˣǱЩˡ֪ǺˣҲǻˣǺ˲ΪѺ˺òãŮ߼Ͼ͸˾롣
ҿԣñ˵̫Ļø˵ɲزʶŮ̫ĸϵ⣬ֻҪһ԰ȫĵطƲŮ
Ůȴǲǰߵ˵ҽӱһǰС㣬󶼽֪Сôƺ
㱻ӱҭһ£»ǸģˣһתֳһѲŮһˣɸͯվ޲̫ķˡ
ӱյȤ
ҽԼҵˣʵ
ⲻϻôҽӱѵԼҵˣŶˣ˵ҵļ尡ԣҾǸеǸԼҵˡ˵ӱϲ޵ɫϾԼҵ쵱ģʲô˶ӡ
˭֪ŶһҲû˵
⡭ӱʱˣҲ̵Ϳˡ
ιιιôŮʿ˵ô˼Ҷ˵ˣǳòҲӦø˵仰ӱԵ÷߷߲ƽ
Ц˵ʲôѵ˵ԼκòǸ˵ôĻҾ˵䣬Լ𣬻԰ɡ
ӱʱð˵Լһԣ̬ǺܲԵ˼
ǲЩ𸻵̬˵ԼҾǲļ尡ôĲأ
ҲԼ̬ЩˣԭġԼɢϢø٤ǸоԼˣıƣͶԼҵӡǳãϻͱֳԼ̬ӱȷʵԼûзˡ
Բ𰡣ҲǸ˼˵öԣҾ˳ñ˱ҺãԻЩ𸻵̬֣ӱǸ̬ȱжϿˡ
һǸӱûˡ
һӱ˵̲ס˵ˣΪʲôô𸻣ܵøҽһ°ɣ


1174 
´ӱһ£ֻЦһȴû˵
̬ȣɰСˡ
ӱһƵǰ˫ſסĵ·Ĺ˵ʲô˼ǿҰǿԼң
һüͷ˵С㣬۱вУĸҿԼҰԼ䲻ҿǺе̵ġϿ·ǵ˰ȫĵطͷֿҶˣҿûʱ㰡
ӱɲһףҪһߣͦԼ͹𲿷һӭŵһˡ
ιʲôǺܡʲôΪ㲻ҪҾ㣬ҿʲô鶼ܸɵóӴЩСΪ԰ƽһеʵıȻôȻֻܳԶš
ӱͯ¶˲мɫߣʲô鶼ܸɵóðһƣүǸ飬ñСƲ㡣
ƣƣ
ǿ벻̣
ľ㣬ף
Ҫǲģ㻹Ϊ
С㣬ҷˣҴв۱ˣۺúǰߣ˰ȫط۾ͷֿ°Ȩһæв﷢˰ݣڻǰ˲ܶŮ޴˷£ϽԱʾԼʰ·硣
ĹŮ˵أŮ˴˽ʣ׷ܵģġ
ӱ¶˵Цݣ֪ˣǾҪúΪĴ򵥣ãǾǰߣֻҪ͵ΪȫĵطҪȻߵĶҾ͸Ķ
һ飬һ̫ݵĻڡסŵȻ԰ȫĵطԼһ֮㻹ʲô취סҡ
һ㣬ǾŮ˿µֱȻûаѻ˵ӱԴĶ
͸оֱϺȻоһĸоӱѾ˫ۺݺݱסĸ첲Ϊ̫ݣһӿҵҲԼĸ첲ϡ
ְ̫ɿҪȻԼЩˣҪ˦ӱľǲ
ҪȻӱһˮĴ۾ֱ˵ǲһˣٺ٣İɡ
ˣҡͷЦˣǰ߰ɣС㣬ģ·ɲߡԼҲԼܰɣʲôط
ӱݺס۾¶˲Ƶɫ˵Լҵ飬ʲôģ
ЩĸоˣǳŲôôһŮˣ
ˣҲˣǰߺòãٴѡ˽еͶŮ˾ûкùӳԡ
ߣйߣʲôѵ˵Ĳôӱ
Բ˵ˣͷǰߣӱһĸ첲ϡ
һӱ̲ס˵ι˵ô£һ˵ѵСǲڵô
ᱼˣ⣬ֻҪԺһ͸ϽˣһʵǱڻϿ尾
С㣬˵һҼңܳǼ˲ôҵǵļ˲ôɲԼңΣյģղ㶼˸ץסˣ㻹ܽѵô˵
ߣԼôˣ˼ҾǲŮӣԼҲܲһﲻôİӱǿʶ
ױɰˣֻҪ˵һ仰Էܰҭǲ˵ˡ
Ȼӱǰ벻˵ǲܵġۼͷǰߣӱסĸ첲´׹
㲻˵㲻˵
С㣬ˣҷˣǴˡۺú·˵ʲôҾ͸˵ʲôòã첲ϴѪŵĸоŻˣҵ򼸺ĸ첲ס˰
ӱ˵ٸҲҲ˵ˣ
ˡ
ӱվ˫ֻοסһ첲
ߣŲࡣˣĿǺ˽Լһô֪ԼҾڸӱҲ֪ôģⶼһһ
˵ģ˵ε٤ǴԼһֲ߻ģҾ;ˣôȫһ壬ôأȷʵе㲻ӱôǮҵķСӸץסġ
ҪܣӱȻŭ̧˰˶ȣԼҵٰ֪㵹˵˵㶼֪ʲô
û뵽ôһ仰ӱˣɰողŵľѵشӱĻͬǺصġ
ԼҿǸе̵ļ壬ͱ˵ɣôС;ȻǶΪ磬һ˵ּߣһ棬˵Ǽĵ̫ˣûмĸǲġ
˵Сˣ˵ЩĻܹûдġ
ߣƨĵˣԼʲôõģҵԼûһˣͱٸԼ˵ûˡ
ӱ仰Ƿĵģóݲ°ܵСŮϳ˷߷ߵζ
Ȼӱݺһק˵Ǳߣһߡ
֣ӱһ˿ŵɫȻԣȴǱ׽ˡ
һè壡
ɫʶͷſ̽顣Ȼһصλãһǡ
ֱǣ֪ģӦǳŻеǡһ˵ֻԼ˲Ż֣ᷢղŲΪӱֳĻţҲͷʶ۲죬ҲͲֱᷢǡ
ӦӱϤıǣӱڵļǡе˵ͨˣӱΪʲôԼҵôأ
ɫƾӱԼҴԶǵĵطߣǣԽǰߣǳֵƵʾԽ󣬿ԿӱѾвεĻˡ
˲ˣǻ߰ɡӱ˵ţҪߡ
ȻӱֱϷһɫĹâӱһҲ˲קˣϽס˷λá
֪ļԼҪӵµһּΪƷƷԱԼͬƷӦһΧܹҵԼˡ
͸ˣӱǱ˸ץסˣճʱϣ˵ģô¼Լأ
һ·Ǳӱ۸ùǺۼӱţﾹһ˵ĿС
ӱһϾ֪ôġ
ߣǲǿҪù̹˵ӱȻ¶ɫһҪңȻҿɾͲˡ
ָӱ˵С㣬ҲûðⶫȥѶͱͬװõ˲׽ˣ͸ڶһûõġԼ˰ɣǾͲʲôˣһǡ
û˵꣬ӱ͵һ§סһֿ飺һҪңȻһµ


1175 ɲŮò
ñ׹׵⽹ۣ
ӱ飬ѾͷԲڿЦ
ιιιС㣬ɲܶ𱨰ղҿǾ㣬ôأоƿӱ
˭֪ӱס˵˭ȵģȻңǾҪ𵽵ףʹ컰㵽װﲻң
֪ӱͲһУϽС˵С㣬ɣɡӦԼˣܰʲô
˵䣬ԶХҲͷһݣЩХпĸĸ֣мĸ֡
ộһϣ
ӱɫףȻһȻȻ˵ѾⲽҲðҲҲðңҪȻȻˣҾ˵ң
˵ţӱһֻڳԼ߸ҵ½ϡ
ӲСƤʵ̫ˣ
û˵ʲôһСӱãСӱãߣϾˡ
⻰ŽߵʱһɨգһζӱȻû˵ȴǱֳһ˼ղӴ
ӱݺݵһҧг˵ǲǾúܺЦǺãͬԧ죬һȥɡ
˵ţӱǰһʹϵ·˿ֲĿҪѵ
ʱðô¶ԼɾƺҲϴˡ
ȵȵȵȣС㣬벻вһûأקһв
˵ţҪƿӱӱһ۾§סӱ˵飬Ͻ˫֣ʾԼԹ
ಡ
ٵƿ󣬼Ӱӱǰ
Сӱãˣ㡭
һĸˣ˵һ룬ȴӱ§סһӢˣͣ
ޣſҵδޣ
Բۣ
ʱ׻һ㣬ؿǳ׵ױˣ
δޣ
ӱӱ¶߷ߵ飬϶ûˡ
ôôùղű˽ɫǣ⻹еԩڸ˼δ޸˼ҽޣҲ֮еİ
ɹؼҪ޵ҲˣԼʲôûŰ
˫ۿ죬ܲƮѩ̫ôԩˣ
࣬ףҿûӦ޸㣬δһ˵ҲǴˣŪôĺòãӱݺ˵
Ǹ࿴ȥ㱻İЦˡ
һүǣȻһ̵·ͷϵͷһ˻һıӣÿһƵͷǲͬɫ治֪һôġ
ڼһ˵ѹӱ˹һӱٿڵĴ٣кȻֳһܺЦͷɲŮòǻ
ʱһж˳ˡӱ϶ΪҪ㿪Ż뿪˵ģȻͱ˸ץסԼˡ
һģĶʵ꺺ӣóǾĸ֣Ȼһ֣ǵΪǾǻʵһεġ
ޣûϿſҵδޣ毺õݼҪŤһˣҪӱ§̫ͳƴˡ
һʱЩۣ龰˵ԼЩԷҲ̫ˣҲЩա
ι̨δ§Ұɣܺ߰бδɿ
ʮֽĻ˵꣬һĶӱָһǶ⡣
ۣͲǲǣǲ湻˾˦ˣղѹҵʱôûŰ˦ˣ˶ĵľˣӱҧгݿ
Բۣ
ûʱԼһǶˣСӴǰԼĻٽϣʵʵֲȫϣϾ黹еģɴҥ
СӱˣϽһȽ곤˷ˣ˵ʱɫȻƺһҲûбӱĻ˻Ӱ쵽
壬ҲȥռҵıˣҲܷŹ˵ţӱݵر
Цһ£棬ӹƾ˵ǽˡ
СӱһôôأֵЩˡλӸûʲôҪȻֱϵװþͻɫˣλҲǻˣԼ˼ˮӱʮֵȻ˵
ʵֲҲɱ˸ƽˣܲô
ԼҹȻֱõһװãȻôãʱҪúоһ°ޣоʲô
Ժӱ㶼оϵƷԿǻˣ
ӱһ㬣ǿʶ壬ǿ϶ģҲˣô˵ɣˣĹٱңҿҪѳˣ
ֵ̫ˣʱɲϧˣ΢΢һܣԼγ˵ӱû뵽Ȼ֣ʱᵯ
ᣬƮһӶ㿪ӱʮɵľ롣
ۣûĵģҪǸܣҾ㿴ӱһȻܣʱײžˡ
ӱһƮӱߣһӱļӱʱá
ǸһӱֿԹŭ˷йĵطˡ
Сӣ۸Сӱãˣ˵ţ˰գһٵĸŸͷݺݻӳһȭͼȭͷϼϹ֣˼ģ
ΪеľΪףȫƾԼһʱϲɱ֡Ҫ֪ĸ֣Գеĸˡ
Ϊһ֣ҪľҪǷǹһ־п޹㡣
ĺ֣߳úýѵһ¶Է
Ĺ磬ۿŰһķΧڣ֪ԷѾѣ¶˲̵Цݡ
˭֪â޽ӽʱ棬ֳһʥ׹ââɵĳ΢ʥ׹â֮󣬾Ȼͬϼʯһϣ
ûعζѾǰһ֣Ѿȭͷץסˡ
󺧣ôҲ뵽ԼιᱻԷ׵߽
ȷԼȭͷץסҪԼȭͷʱȴԼȭͷǯһô޷ѶԷ֡
³ç֣Ͳ˵ôԼѾ֣Ͳ֪Լĳֵжôѵ˾ûʵҪô
ܺ͸࣬һᣬô˵زףֻҪǿݶ񲻿ûҪ˺


1176 
Ӧ˵Ѿ御ˣҪ֪ô˵Ҳ͹ȥˡ
Ǿûģӵ˵ͷǲ֪غôġ
ߣСӣȻץסҵ֣֪˭֪ܼҵôϿ֣֪ܼһʲôصĺô
ϴģһƵĹѵ

һĲҽУ˶ʱ̱ȥƹ
Сӣ㾹ȻңˣȫҶҪǿúоֹͣˣһĶϣŵڵϡ
ߣܼҺţôţĻһһǺţĻ˵ʲôҲҪᣡ˵ţɿ֣һֻŲؿڡ
λСֵܣ飡
ӱĶӱƵԱߵУǰȭ˵׾λܹԼ֮ˣ顣
үһ㣬ˣӮˣʱû˸ˣǱߵӱڱ˿ţҪȻĻϼš
ЦС㣬ѵҪô
ӱʱһɲһźŨĺ⿴ʹýҪ˵ɱˣӱû뷨
ôΪңҪɱˣȼŽˣŪɣ
ӱĻֱۣһܿóСĵ׻ģһ棬λ˲
׾һۣѽһ̧ȴһСʱشС
ߣԺͱˣѾˣúõ͵ˣţ򣬺Ը
˵꣬ҪߣɲЩʲôԼĿǸԼĳ鷳ɲ˷ʱ䡣
ڴʱƿΧӰ
һĸߴߴȺ˳ˣȵλո˭ɱǮҰ˻лˣ
仰ڳȥ֮˶һҪ֪٤ǵģǱеľӢһҪһʧ˰˸ӢǶδǷǳġ
͵˵ǽѪ𰡣⣬ܹһɵʮӢǵĸְ
׾ÿ˸ɵģָоǡ
ԭǮͨϰʧʧô£Ǯҵ˾ȻɱˣǸܲҵϢǸոոϹò°Ǯϲ֣̽׾⻰˵Ǯ˲Լʲô£˭˭ȥ
ǮͨҲ֪׾ϼһǸɳ飬ҲҡģңǮͨ׾ܹвɵô˵
ߣϵܣˣҲǮԼұʾлǮҵԼܹ㶨ͲˡǮܾͨ׾
˾ͲǮˡ޲Сӱܹӣߡ׾ɲ͵У˵ԼǮңֻĳͻпܻĶޱҪǶԶá
һŵҩֹۺ󣬱Լתȥ
ԼҪߵʱ򣬾ͼӱҴ򣬴еſңղǾҵߣǲ̫ˣ
׾ЩŹ֣ʵСӱô£
ӱ˵ո˰ҸˣҸˣ顣
޲ùȥѾͷϣʵͳʵɣǵüϺһ䣬ԽԽڰ
е˶һ¡
ڸпһƵ̫ߵ֣гģȻǺ֮ǣ֪һЩŵģҲԼҵˣȥˡ
û뵽ƫƧ٤ǣȻɷǣ
̤Ьٴȫѹ
ǮҼ˿ϵڱ
ٺ٣ҵ˭Ǽôĳޣԭ㰡ɱôˣǲǸˣǮͨɭɭ˵
ɸԤĲ̫һ뷨ǱϢɵԼгļ֮ˡ䣬Ϊӱôһϣе鶼ŲԤչˡ
ߣɱһ֮˵ʱû뵽нľɣˣǻɣҵֶӣҪһ˳һĹԲļһһ˵ţһƶҲλ·ϡ
Ǯͨ˲ΧǮͨһ˵ϵܣԼ֮˻ˮô
׾ЩΪѣӱ˵˼ղӱһҰӱģпܾǮ⼸Ϊ
ճӦǾȻͷڵʽôǮһЩѾǰҪƴʱóȻȥ㲻û۵ԼңΡ
ʱӱݺҧ޲һڣ޲ʹſӱ
ӱܵǰһ죬¶жΰѩ׵ۡ
壬鷳ߣǲµġҵȻҪһЩûﻹûղŰҵģһģҲҪָ£бڴ˰ܣ˭Ҳùˡ
ݺ˿ĭе㻢Ĺ˵һ㣬ɻǸˣ治۵
ҪȰӱʱһֱҲĻɺȻϢѸٳ쳣գӱ˵ĵڳ־һȭ
һɫĹâ˲ӻɵȭͷϱųڼнĹУ仯һŻѻ״˹
֣
û뵽ԲϼһﾹȻĸ֣Сˣ
֮УΪƱԺһ֮䣬һͨεĸ֣һڼ䣬Ź˶ͿԾ߱εĹֶΡ
һͶ֮һεߣƱ˵һĸ߶ȣϵ˵ǾӤС
һ֮ԭʼͷŻƣֻ㼶ӵвսʤʵһ㼶ģǾֻ̾ˡ
Ϊξͻγһʵʻ״˵ȭͷ֮ĶԶǰҪ˺ܶ࣬ЧҲͬն
ȵͿ԰ݻɱ֮״ɱͻһͺʵ˵ȭͷ͵ĶԱһ


1177 ·
һ䵽ʱһ̡ߵܹתɶƵĻιˡ
ʱѾ߱һЩԣܹڹĹһЩԶݶֵı仯ԼʹһεĹܹ󻯵Ч
ӵϵΪ磬ĸ֣ǿһһµߡҲΪǳһֵʼ
Լ⣬Լʵܸι˼ǲһġ
ͨ˵ĸ֣һᱣʹãΪ磬ĸҲͬëֺһϡ١
ΪͬһԽĹ֣Ѿ󲿷ֵ˾ܾڳһֵż֮⡣
ǣΪ˵õǬ޵źȻѪóˡǴɺϣ˭ܹԤأ
ֵ֪ĸַĹƾѶܵġǶԷĻ״ǳԼܱߵʮɵľ붼ڡ
Ҳ˵ӱҲڹķΧڡ
һΪԼͷܵ˺һסӱֶ̧ŻǱ߾һȭ
һȭ뱩¶ԼʵܼһܹԼȭͷһʥĹâֳӭŻɵĻѻιȥ
үͬһҲ˰죬ϷΪ˱ѩްɣɿķͷ̲סԼ
˵䣬ȭϵĵӭײ˻ɴĻѻ
۵һɴĻѻȻͬ屻ݺݴһ㣬һ˻͵صͷص˻ɵС
⣬⡭ôܣ㣬㡭õʲôаôҲţԼĹֶΣ͵Ϯ£ȻᱻŪôң
Ҳɣӱſ˵ԺҪôƤˣҪžͶԶ㣬Ȼ治֪ôġ
ӱͷ֪ˣһҪ㲢ս
һʲô˼ңΣյģ㲻ûˡѾͷôôأ
ӱһЦҲˣ§Ҳ§ˣⱲҲûԸҪռˣǾ仰ˣĹɱ˦ңңҲŹģ
⻰˵ģЩˣ˵Ѽ飬Ҳ̫ܲˡ
׾Ҳҵô˵ġǼҲĳˣȻѾͷһģǾͲԼ˵Ĵչˣ
ǮܼͨɻԼ˸ӱ͵ıףǮͨ˳Ľڡڳ֣ӱҲ˵ǣʡ˻Ҫӱ޳Ⱥľ档
׾ôҲû뵽ᷢ飬Լҵ˻Զ⼸˹ѰӱҪԴġ
˵γԼҵĸ߲ȷָʾǾǲϧһдõǬ޵źֻҪܹĿ꣬ʲôǿġ
׾뵽ӱ˵СӱǺģڿ¹ԼҵĴ£ǸϽ뿪Ǹˣ߰ɡﲻԵĵط򣬳Կ㣡
ӱ׾˼ɵЦ壬ģǲģϽ߰ɣҲˣΪʲô棬ܰĻҲǲܵġȻ˵˾û˼ˡ
Сӱô˵ôϽΪܻܿԼҴֻ֪ô׾޹⣬˵Ҳˡ
壬ͱһȥˡСûܵĳ谮ЩҶϡǣǰҵôΪܼܹǿʬװãǾͰܼң㿴࣬ѵ㻹˵ΪҵҸô
ס죡׾Ļˣӱ˵漰ĻܣйܵɰΧ˵ķӦ׾֪Ѿˡ
Ϊ֮ƣǸϽϽȥǬ޵źҪġ
뵽׾ǮͨȭǮϣԼҽǶˣȻôһҴԼԼҵˣԸҸˡ
˵ţ׾һ֣˻ˡ
ǮͨЩӱ˵ܿǺֵȥڰץס׾̱ƹ֮£ܻͷйġ
ҪҪ
֪ǮͨʲôǮͨ˵ǮϣСѳ֮ǿɲģǻһǿ׼ң֧ȸɵСӵġ
Ǯͨ¶˾ġǬ޵ź˭ұ֤һõֿ֣ܹɼģǸɵСӡֻҪɵƻҼ˶⣬Ǭ޵ķϵõô
Ǯͨһ֣ǮҵϰΧ˵Ķվã˶
ӱԼò˼飺С㣬治ףΪʲôѡһЩ˸ҿѪģûΪ˸ɵңǶȥ׷ЩˣҪ֪ѰǬ޵ķ
ɭЦҲ÷ɢǵע֪ôֻҪɵȻȥԼʷڴ֮ǰһҪȰɵġ
ӱ˻һ˵ϼһұ죬û˵ôôˣ֪˼˵ʱܲôûûߣ
ҪǰȴǮֹͨˣǮͨȥס˻ɣ۾ʾעΧע⵽ǮҵڽкΧھȥпܰѹĶθˡЩŬƽһ̬ˡ
ӱ˵˻ɣŤͷ˵СҴӼõ˲ٵĹذҳϣǶ壬ҲҺܺáǧ򲻸ȥס
˵ǸĴС㲻ˣȡ֮һŮģ
Ǹ࣬ԼϵܼҵһүԼΪܹõǬ޵źȥܼңΪܹǼҵһܹ⵽ǿźͷųλ
ӱϸֳһ޿κε飬Լ
ԼȥܼҰæܼҶԴ˲ȤлԼҡԼ˾ЩˣӸ˽ܼҵܲҵܼҸȤĶ
ԼҵŬ£ү뵽ԼҵߣүδܼҽӰˣܹܼ˵ġ
ǣԼ˵Ŀⰲ£ӱ
ʱ¶˷ӱȢľˡ


1178 Χ
Ľ£ܼͬڵĳԼʹãԼΪҪĴǰӱ޸࣬ҪԼҷǬ޵ź
ӱӡΪӣϢϾʹɡɼＸһߵʩѹĸĸҲȰ˵Ů˵ı䲻˵ġ
ԼΪ˲⣬һʱڰӱˡֱԼҪжܼ˹̸˵ʱΪĳ֣Űӱų
ӱҲ֪޷ԿͼӴȻҲ뵽٤棬ӱ£ӱͬС
ǣ׼ӱһ٤ǡӱʵϾԼҵļܣԼڣ뷨ʵֲ˵ġɵ٤ǣܾˡ
ӱûϵԼܳȥͱǮ˸ץסˡҲӱΪǴȥģԷ뿴˭ΪʲôǷûֱӶӱɱ֡ˣҲǲеҡ
ӱ˵̾˿˵ǲǾصǸ֪ܵˣʵЩҾ;û˻Һãֻҡֱ֣ҲŷĻҡ
ӱĴ۾жͷЩִеŮеĻ඼ʹȻһġ
ǺܿһеģҲûа취ıһСΪеĻ潻ףɵ˵׵һְģжеɣ޷ӸԴ϶ž顣
οɫʵĴϣ˵ǻˣʲôǲܹõأ
˵ȴǮͨɭɭ˵һԲ֪߳ܵĹŮѼ˵ǳɱǶԵ׳
ߣǮͨǾе˶뵽λˣѷ˲˵Ļɣ˵
ôͽӣͨ쳹֮ܣҲҪˣǮͨɫһһ֣µ˻ѰΧȦСһƽӱˡ
ͰΧúϻɺǮͨԼչιһʮ˸ˡ
űʮˣͽֵʮˣĸڰΧȦΧŰΧĶйɵƶĸʼձű˴˼һǵעڰΧȦϣǱű˴˵໥Ӧ
ȻΪ֣ĸ˻ƶ䣬ΧĿռ伸ȫסǣĸ˵ΪʵǺܸߣֻҵΪ磬ǸĸоǮͨͻ˶ҪΣա
ûϸ۲죬ΧĹѾʼˡ
óЩ˶ǽϸѵȺԹʮ·ӽߵñʮˡʮ˷ֳС飬һ飬ǰһС飬ÿСаͽֵС顣ʣһСζŻ
ȳֵĸˣŵȫǰƷеʵۣͨԵ
ıóһоǾƷ٤ǣǱ־ڱصõ̬ģȻҪԼõĶóˡ
ʮ˵ΪҲڶң˵ˣ٤ǵ֣ҲҰĴڡ
еʮֹ죬עܹ֮һ
ĵ̣ԹԹЧһ𣬰ӱеĽ·ȫס
ĹͲмһˣû㿪Լǿ廹ܹӲ߶ӱòߵĶѡ
еʱ㲻òۣӱ治һĶѣʵж£
ӱоλ˹üתͷ𻹻ӱһΪƽǸ߶˵ĴˣЩѪ˵Уô㻨ȭȵ˼
Ļܣô׳޷Ұ⻷Ұݿ⡣
ӱ۵ĸ첲һһĿͷųȥǰ˵Ĺѹסˡ
ȴһۿӱĹٶȲǿ󾢲㣬ȱӦı仯
Ȼӱֵͬʱ΢΢ζѾܿӱķâһӱıӲн
ӣӱȫιΧڡ
ӱ˵һ֮䣬ʵΪͳױ¶˶̰ڡ׺ݵĹ˵ûûϾ˭ҲһС˵ЩѪȵ顣
ۿӱʧɫһѰӱһֻקͨԵǰһ˵Ĺ̼仯⡣
ⲿֵĹˣȴĳԡΪ֪ԷĹϵģзǳϽĴġ
о幥Ĵʦ֪˵ĹֻĻĿľҪעΪͬ鴴õĹᡣ
ʱõӦԾǲǣʱ۲ΧǵĹͷ޷ıʱʩָɵˣȻȥԸĹ
ӱһϣԼעȫȥˡȻ˵Ĺԭ˵޷ˡ
Ȼ˹ʱ˹СҲʼˡ
һСֱӹҲӱ뷢Խֱ̺͵ϣʴӡ
һС飬˳ìСӣסȴ·ߣӱȫϵĹ֮¡
һְֻӱٴϵԶԷֲεĽȡԶõȭͷս
ͨԵһһâԶ˵ĳìСȥСۿĵâʮòسĳìԵֵĵâ
ͬʱקӱַſѾߵĵСݺһȭ
ûлڣԵʵСĴ̿ϵĹǿһȭ֮£ñǿιһȭû
ȭͷգһֵֻͨԵˢˢˢ£âԷȥ
Сιһȭ飬Ѿۼһȭ͵Ĺɵɫ䣬ϽسԼĵƴֵâĹ
ȳֵǸС飬ӱٴϮ
ԼȫԱСȽһС飬ʰС顣ɾΪ߶ӱְӱһ½һգ۵ʱ䣬ɾʱ㹻ԷͶܵˡ
ִӴָͳ󷨻ʯӱ£ӱҶӱֳ൱ΣϰķԸһҲ


1179 ֮
벼󷨣һֱǳֱʣɽЩ̫һΪӱʹûŲĿռ䡣
˸˶սҪľʱȻ뵽ʱϵľǿ϶ǶһҿʵʵڸǿҪȻھҪ뵽˵ı֮ˡ
󷨵һ˲䣬ȳֵǸСѾɱǰСҲٹ
ԷŶսҪץסľᣬһСǰСкΧʮҲ׷׳֣ͷֲεĽвν£ʵȴǷΣʱϼûвĽй
ǱˣʱֻˡΪȶвǵһС顣ȥӭһС飬ôСͻգۼɱܹƴǰС飬ΧʮιǰСĹֹǿʮ
ò˵Ϲ޷죬ϧԵĶһһĴڣ޷˵һ޽Ĺ
һñСѡӣֱԼǿӲ
ʮŹâȻϣͣЩ˵ĹȫǴ꺮һǵû˵Է޴ķһ󵹷ɣ
ʱ򣬺ʮ˵ιˡ
ЩͽֵļһȫΪĸ֣ʹóι廨ţеǻΪеǻΪʯ飬֮Ǹʽιǵһ
ȵҲĻᣬʶܵעͨԵ֮ϣͨԵʱŷҰ׵ĹâһȣͨԵһ֡
ն

һǵĵͺڰһĴӣһں깹ɵ壬۾Ź飬ͨɢŰ׹âĹӵķųʮֵι
ǡ
һâι֮ĽӴвϱ֣ÿһײһμΪҵײ
ͷĿѣֲĴӡʮȫֲ÷ǣѪڰƮɢͬʱֱµûѪ
ЩִļһҲУЩͽֵĸһ˴Ҳȫ촷ۡ
ע⵽Ǯͨͻҵĳϳһ£ֳָһ˿Цݡ
ľϽٻصͨԵ֮СʱΧĸˣȻһǸ԰Ķ߸߾
Ǯͨͻ׼Ӵָͳһɵ֣۾ϱߡ
࣡
һϸ΢ĸõĶɢ޷ֱӵҫ۹â
ֹâǳԵ͸оԼ۾Ǳݺݴһһɵϱ۾ԶĹâ
ͷųԼʶҪͨʶ̽ȷΧȴȵķ֣ͷųȥʶȻʲôоΧǰããһƬؼʣԼһʲôˣ
ݡ
ϸ΢ȴǼٵƿ𡣺ã̧һȭ˹Ķ
žžž
ϸ΢۶͸оԼȭͷǱһʹѣǣһ˿˿ʹȻ˳ֲһֱݵĸλ
ǮƵרŶԸޱǿĶ֡ò˵Ǯо軹Ǻģ켶ģ¾Ҫ˵ˡ
󺧣һȴһֱϮԼԴ
һȭ˹ȥıըһ״ĶӣЩһȼ
ΪǮҵôɱôղŸôΪ˸ǵĳӮ׼ʱ䣬ʲôζǲ۾ʶҲ̽鲻κεĶ
ǮͨǳؿЦ֣п嶫ûĸƷֻܿ屾֪ܵӦ
ûʱǮͨϻղմȾĻǳŹ֣¶Ҳֲ̫ҲûоƽմʹС
ǣŻȴҡһԭʼĳ嶯羪κһӿ
ǺǺǣһҵҲôɱġ֪ϵĻʲôô֮ⶫȻܸļˣȴܹƻܣֻԼŽˡ
ɸ˷ܣ֮ɲģǰ֮ѹƵƷ棬ͨը˵֡
ҪƽĶսУĹܾܿͻᱻԷ֮Ҳ޷մȾԷϡ
ڣΪİ޷ۣҲ޷ͨʶжϣԾͱɸˡ

һĺĵȻ棬γһĤϵĻ棬Ҳ˲䱻䵽֮ϡ
Ϊѻûˣ֮Ѿ뵽ˣǶȥѾô⿪֮Ŷˣ㻹һѾͷǸСǵǿԻһе֮㣬ҹ˰ɣ
һҲûи˵ӣֳģһоƤı֡
ǮϣӰóһضҪһϷʱ򲻵ܰԼҲӦΪ˳Ѫˡɼ޳ܵ޵ıݣеֶζεģֻҪܹйԼŭʲôҪˡ
ҲҲãӺãСӺôļˣҲӦôӾ״ݻ١֣֮жЧСһֵܹˣǿɾͰæˡǮͨǽɲռƵ±ˡ
õģ֮֮ͷֹֻҪմŮɫͻԽԽǿңֱǮϣѵ㻹ŲôЦ˼
Ǯͨۿɫ죬鴤ɵĻ٣ȥñֶιЧҲδؾͺãȿٻķҲ١
ã֣ģͣϷǮͨ˵ţĴӴָóӰ򣬶׼ĶȫסӰ
о̣ÿһϸһйĳ嶯һɣҪõһ궯ûãûرƤȴ̵¸ˡ
ʶҲоĴڣڵϲϷֻ֪ͨΧһС


1180 򵥵ƽⷽ
ȣһԭΪӱǣһҲ΢ˡ
˵ʵڵģǮͨͻĻɫЩҲܹʰˣ˶Էʹó顣
ǰڶǧâ֮ȣԹСĿ̵ӡ
ΧĸˣҲ֪ΣյĴڣû뵽ԷȻܹʹó
ֶжţ֪ܹ˵Ӿ޷ãҲ֪ܹʶӦûϵǶԷȻĸĳγһ⡣
ֲǣĸʹþˣĽǶվĸܹĳ˺ֹʮ
ĸͶ֮زԵȵˡ˫޷ͷųǿʶ
ǮͨͻΪʶǿȺһҲϵµĲࡣ
ĿӣǮͨлȴǿͨװÿ֮ıըƷŵ
£ûóȻäĿȻܹڵܣ֪Ĳþվλô򵥡һԼַУͻĴ
ȻѾָʹõ״̬ˣܹʹιᳬΡûʮİ£äĿѰ·ûʲô
һԼµ󷨻ʯΪ˱ӱµ󷨣Ȼͷһ󷨲õλһ󷨻ʯ
ؿ󣬴е쿴̲סˣϷҪˣ죬Ӱ
ǮͨǺЦ֣㲻˵֮ЧôȺúÿţʱеǣһСĹٽȥҲè׽ӣôܲϷˣһأ
ĻûߣǰЦȻҲ˺֮Ȼޱȣƽô

һŮľ𣬽һҵıը
ιιιǮϣô£ôɵɴ۾Ҳûзʲô̲סǮͨʵ
Ǯͨ˰˵֣СĻĶϵƷֵֻܵ޷͸ĻҲû취鰡
ɶȻһĴ˵ղԼҵѾͷһǰɣС̲סˣȥԼѾͷйȥˡСǵĶԻͷųĻȻǿ⡣
ǮͨͷӦˣ֣֮ôҾ͵ĻⰡ
ɵ˵㾡ܷģ֮ǾЧġⶫǻҾƵһٸߵߣ֮󶼻ɥʧǣҵصǣ֮Խй֮ĹЧԽǿһֱġ
Ǯͨŷĵͷ˵죬еĻԽԽʢ
ȱը󣬾˺·ӱļ
ҪҪٹҾ͡ûӱ˵꣬˺·ڶپӱ˳Ĳҽ
СӺＱＱģԹŮ˫˫ϧˣô޵龰ȴǲӰ¼ԹŮʬ壬ҲܹԼˡ˵ţ仹Щźζ
䡭
Ļڲͣ죬ǮͨͻɸоĻҪɢԼǰˣ˼
֣е㲻Ծҹ˱ը죬ǹҵȴû᲻ʲôⰡǮͨе㲻õĸоܾòԾžΪҲƲʲôˡ
Ǯͨļ˵ǮϣˣҹԼҵСѾͷδ˵͵ʽ֮һιȥˣҲһֻҪţһῴԹŮʬġ
ȻǮͨоǿȶȻʧɫϽתͷܿȴһǵľѾʧˡ
ô£ʲôˣǮͨٸв
䣬ǿٴ½ǮͨһǵľҲʧˡûٴκȫʧڲԶЦһ㶢
⣬⡭ôܣ㣬ôӾģǮͨھ㵶˿־壬ôҲ벻ôӾгȥġ
һܹ꣬ŷĳ˷ĩ˳Ʈ¡
ٺ٣⣬󷨣ֻҪУоԻ󣬼λǳȥġүѵûи󷨴ʦô˵
ǮͨʱȪӿ󷨴ʦ飬үرǿģôܹ֪أ
ԣ󷨴ʦ֪ƽ֮оڣƲġǮͨ˵ʲôҲǴӾȥȻΧɵĸ˵ġ
ߣ֪ЩΪʲô᲻֪֪ղΪʲôôıըôھصʱӱĻڻԻǵġͨڵصܵ棬ƽ⣬ûʲôɣ
ĻǮͨһû뵽ô򵥵Ұֶƽ⣬ңļˣǿε٤ǵ֮һ
ɵɴ۾˵ԣô֮ģ֮Ľҩ
۾ת˻ɣɫ޵ɱɣôĶһǵһμ֮˾ǲϵģ֮Ȼû⿪ȴܹ֮Ƶһλã֪ƽⷽڽнⶾ
˵ţ̧Լ֣Ǯͨͻɾȷֺ֣Σ֮յŻе
ƭңղҺǮ˺ԼѾͷ·϶ǰԼѾͷ˲ŻĽģ֮ôñѹƵģ鼱֮£ʲô˵ˡ
ϲģҹ̣ƤҶѽͷ֮ޣ˵䣬ӱʮǮͨͻɵǰ
ЦǴҵĴָóһ·ԴС˺ˣδ̫ˡһжҪҪǽһҪ
һŬ죬ӱʶȤߵ¶˲̵ЦݣһǮͨͻ߹
һðžµ飬󱳵ļˮɹʡ
˵ǰֻ֪ͣڱ˵ĻϣмʶֶΡ
˵˴˼ĳޣ˵ԸֶΣҲֶ


1181 صĹ
ԲǮͨͻɶһۣӶԷĿпĿ־塣
ղѡ׼ܵͼ˶Ǿþϻͷ֪ʱ©ӿ϶ᱻԷ׽
ҪܣǾһƴļƣȻŶԷоಫѹѰܣ⧲֮£ܵϣ
֣µǾಫҾͲڲƽСӡǮͨǿ˵˺ݻ
һ飬ҲֻҧԣСǼŹֱǶԼ˵Ĳ
˵ţ΢΢¶ףһȫעҪһļơ
Ǯͨһ˫ϸֳѤ⣬۾һҪҧ˵ļơ


Ǯ֪ͨĿ£־óԼǿĹơ
ŭ֮£ɼٵһȭУһźĹһѻֱŴȥǮͨιһͷǣݺͷȥ
˶һʶǾڶ˵ȫ£ҪôҪôӲһϹ
ÿԳ֮ʳҪѡӲӣǶýĹܡ֮ȡʲôķʽԸܵĻܹġ
ȻЩһԸӶ࣬Ǯͨͻɵȫһ£Ȼ˶ˣͼֳһ㵭ʥâƺƴĹȥֻ㵭Ĺâ΢΢һ£ͱ䡣
˵ιȻ˵ʣ˾޴ΧԲʮɵľݻٴ޷˵֣
ڶ˾ĿУЦŻȭͷ
޻ڵһȭоåŹĴһֱӾͺǮͨڷұϡ
ǡ
Ǯͨұ۶ȻʧȥɫĹʣָ⿪ʼһֱ粿еĹȫ䵽ϰ۶ϣ
˲䣬ǮͨѪɫҵʹʹֲסվƣžҪ
һţǮͨСǮͨûסҽ󵹷ʮɣˤ䵽ϡ
ɫɷףۿһһжôĲʵ·һжһ
𺳣ԾֱҲһִʻ˿̵顣
ãһͲУǸϽܰɡʱҪǹ˼ѵֻǰԼȥֵ̫ˣסԼ֮ǲҪġ
뵽ɳעǮͨʱȻתҪܵʱ򣬺ȻǰһŹЦݵ׳ǰ
㣬㡭ҪʲôɾԼ˵ĵˣһ仰˵궼е̵˼ֻҪ˵ĵûˣҲһйƤʲôˡ
ԴаЦ˵֪֮ôģˣǻҿܹôġ
˵ţֻ۾Բ붢ס˻ɵ۾
ɾ;Լ·뵽һֻԼڵһ㣬Χȫǹ½ĹâУһ˫۾˷·޴ڶסԼǸоͺԼһжԷĵط˽Ҳ¶š
㣬㣬Ҫɼʶ㣬Ȼ֪Լʲôˡ
֮Ūϵʱû˵ĸأ˵Ҫǲеˣ˵
ɶʱ죬Ҫģû˭ܱȻɸᵽ
ٺ٣˻٣Ȼʮˣĸǻҵģһжʮ٤ǵջ񲻻̫СһЩɵļ䣬Ц˵
ɾ;Լ׹ߣү˵ĿֲʱΪүǸӻ쵰ĵƲүǳᵽ˿үй̣һµҲԸԵĶְ
֮Ȼûнҩкʢһɱûɲǻ¾ǲԼ·
˵ţѻɵĴָժ£治ϷңóһͬСҩһĶ
ⶫ֮ıɣƵ÷ǳԻΪʣ֮УȻںϸ߱ϣƳɱʽôĶȴòƵļһǴʦַ
죬ڰ۾ת˻ɵϣٺ٣ûг֮ζɣ˲ⶫʲôζֱû
˵ţҪɵӡ
ɾر۾֮ĿֲʵڲԼ֮ܵʴ಻ԻΣؼǰĳ̬ٳǻɲġ̫ѣЩ˶ҪΪԼĳ̬ߣ
Ȼɵ˰죬ȴ֡ʶ۾ȴ֮裬˽ˣ۾ȻڿԼ֪עתƵ˱ĵط
ɺĶ׳ŵһǰľһ
һҺɫװ˲֪ʲôʱΧ˻ȫҺɫװסҲһ·ɴ˸еǣ˵ĻҺɫ߽߱ǽǣװɫİߡ
ɾˣ˵ŻҺɫ·ԼأǸ·׺ɫİ߾ЩЦˡͺñǴҹںҹߣƫƫֵյƻһ˲˼顣
ôһˣûô𾪣ؼ˷·ǿһ㣬ӰܸӾϵĸоĺʲôоһ
ˣһʲôΪ˵ĸоȴǸɽֹɲ⡣
ɿо˵ʶҲΪĸֶϣŰԼȫעתƿ
ȻһѾ˱˴ôԼȫԳܣǰҪתעĻᡣ
ȫɱԼģ
Ŷһ£ǻ˶ûκεĶͬС¹һײװβȣһƨڵϣûж
ʱܣʱԱ߷һȦȻû͵£֮˼ɵľ롣
Ҳ˲Լ˵ķˣܵǮͨߣʲôȶ
Ȼɸо˫̵۾סԼһе¾Ǳʩ˶һⶶͣǰܣǲԵָӡ
ǺǺǣĿѾ뱻ʩôԶľҲÿԷ۾ܹˡĳɳ̾ΪֹлǰɱҺǮҵô
˷ʮֹŹ֣ͺﺬһһ


1182 
󾪣˺ǶԼʮ˽һгֲ˵ԼõǿңԼĿ˲١
˵ǰԼ˽ġͷƤҲûʲôܹô˽Լ
֮ԷΪ˸Ͳ췢õǸʹø˵Ǿ˵±¶ݣʲô˻ֿ֣Լأ
ҲȥˣٺЦֻҪɱ˾ˣѵаҵǰܹȵô
ԣʮ㣡˵ûʲôӦǮͨͻɵĶȴ㹻Ŀֻš
óԼˣԸ챣ӣ˿ǧֵܹס
˵ĻشǮͨ˵ĶʱźǺǣȷʵܣ
ɫԻһ˵£˵ĻʶȻʶˣαͷ¶βģ
ҾԲʶҲûҪѣеȫ˽⣬˵Ҷ˽ԼԼ˽⻹Ҫ࣡еﲻݵ˼
⻰ڻɺǮͨĶò˼飬ĶУȴͬըһָо˾ûѣ
ߣû뵽˱Լ˽Լ㶼֪ʲô˵˵أӶܹж϶Էʲôͷ
ǺǣͱŴ׻ˣ䣬ˮɣӣһжµģżҲûá˲ϵա
Ȼû˵Ҳ㲻Ҫ£ɺǮͨһҪɱģҵֶΣԣɫŻ˵۾ֳһɱɫ
㻹ǲҪֵĺáҳϣҳ֣ƴܵҲܸɵˣǣͲ˵ô˵ţһָԱߡ
ӱڻ˵Աţͺ˯һó˶ӱʩʲôֶΡ
˫ĿжȻ޵ɱߣȻһŮΪҪЮ룬㲻̫ô
ǺǺǣЩĪֶΣҪĿġŮ˻ȡɺǮܹͨƽ漰ʲôƷ⡣ŶȻˣΪֵãȫԶԻɺǮ֣ͨһҸôҲǲһŮ˵
˵һ˵ǣȻƿԡһ˵УŹŮˣҲŹˡ
ţǸеӺҲκˣҲġΪȷҪȫˣͬʱǰ߻λãҾͻߵǮͨǰܹߵŮ˵ǰɺã˺ܽλá
ӱͷͬ⣬׵һԼȫȥ
ӱɵľ룬ȻһܵӱߣͬʱͨԵקת˲佫ע뵽ͨԵ֮С
նһȣͨԵҰ׵ĹâͨԵмһ˻ɺǮͨ
Ǹ˵һЦұӳһӲӵĹâγһ޴צӣצͬƽһʸУɢĵĺ⣬צϿɼһܵǡ
֣һغɲõĸԱ˵ʮֻ˻дȻַϡ
ǣ
Ǹɫľ޴צӺݺײһ𣬽ɫľ޴צͬһʮڿʱݺһǯסĲ
鶸Ȼһ˻ܱŰ׵Ĺâ屾ɫȴԽԵúڰȻͬı֮£鱾ļͷųǿʢ
ɫצڵֵסŰ飬һ죬޴ĽɫצӱˣһŽɫʡ
ܣ˲ûΪռϷɥǴߴǮͨͻ˿ܡ
Ǯ֪ͨ˺֮ĶԾԼиõʸ񶼲Ȼ˵лĻĸ˵˼Ͻ໥Ǳˡ
ûȥ׷һĿⶨ˻˵ϡ
ôϢ㵽ʲôˣֵʲôһ⡣
ǺǣΪܹõöĲҪĺܶ౶Լúţһ㣬ţĶǣһСС־Ծôָֻʹø״̬оܲ
ٻ飬ͨԵתЦֲ˵ԼҲ˵֪ĶΪܹŪȥô˽̫ˡȻŹǮͨͻɣǾͰɡ
һҲûнŵ˼˼ĸ˵ԼʵŰҵǺ֮䵽жĲ࣬û顣ߵǸŮ˺Σգٹһյʱͻĺܲң㲻ӲɣǺǺǡ
˵ţ˴תʧˡ߷߿˻ʧĵطһۣȻ۲ӱ
˸ղڿסӱʱȷʵǸӱʹֶΡסӱȫϿĻӱͻΪġ
һߣ൱鷳Ҫʮʩ֮˵ĹܹǴﵽҪ󣬲ƽҲ൱鷳Ͼ⿪Ҫչ˵ܺ˵ȫ
ԣͲˡΪӵܣˮܱһô򵥡
ʶٿԼڵܣ뵽ӱһӱڵʱӱתѡ
˵ӱǸ޴鷳߲ûκεİһԼĺȡ
ӱЩʵӱҰͻصԼ㿴ɺã
˭֪ӱոջһӣĻԲʲô˼ǲ˦ˣ
Ҫײǽĳ嶯֪ѾͷһšƢ˵ĻⲻԼҲô
ٺ٣һ˵ѡӱ㿴٤ôΣգһиΣյҪңе㲻̫㰡ЦЦ˵ӱ
ӱϱߵȻˣܹ˵ˣʲôԼȥɣҲٲˣԼҲȥˣղû˵ôѾԼҵˡ
ı仯ǳˣӱû˵ı֣ܲӦ
ӱû˼Ҳ˵ңȷʵҪʮΣյȴǲòȥ顣ոҲˣҺͻңǮңδ¶ңǧңдܰЩһ˾ˣҪǲܵĻ²С


1183 Ե
Сģȥ˺ӱģܹȰӱԼطţо⡣
ӱƲƲҶ˵Ҳٲˣ㻹ҪôԼȥѾôˣȻԼչԼ
˵꣬ӱվתߣ񿴵ӱ۽ЩӨỨ
Ͻӱǰ˵ӱҪĶȥҲˣǮ˻ǶôĿֲһ뵽¾ͲǱô򵥵ˣֱӶ
ҪܣӱװͰͺǻԼҵģʲô£˶Ҫˣ㻹Ҹʲô
˵꣬ӱת񱼣ӱһһ߿
СŮͬ飬ԼΣյʱѡ˸Լվһ𣬾ͳһ㣬ôҲܷԼ٤طܡ
һ׷ȥӱǵٶȣôܹѵأҲվӱǰԶԶĸţ֪ѾͷƢôã񱼷йһ£Ȼȥ
ӱʱͷϣԶԶţҲߣͣҲͣɰӱˡ
ңˣЩҵ˺ҪһûʲôϽҹԶԶģҲ뿴㣡ӱ쭣һλ
ԶԶؿӱû˿Ĳ֮ɫƾӱйԼĲ֪һ˱Լ׽ִ֮һּ˳޵̬йֻԸŤ
ӱߣ￴Цҧ߳˹
ҲӱӱͳˣӱͱŸӱʮҵľ롣
㣬վסų򣬵С㲻ôͣô˵ǲǾҺھΰӱһ߷׷һ۴УƺҪԼеĲȫй
ڣʹķйУӱήȻӱһļڵء
Ͻһѷסӱӱ˫Ȼסҧӱû뵽ǣûзƾҧסԼ塣
ιô£ɵ֪һôӱƺЩƽˣЩ벻ס
ǺǺǣҶ㿪ˣҪ裿ҧˣ侲ҪġЦ
ӱ⻰˫һɣһ˵¡
ΪʲôΪʲôҪôãΪʲôҵļҪ˶ȴҪңΪʲôΪʲôӱ۴ޣǿŮӣֳһ档
֪Ӧӱ޴仯ٽˣֻҪ޳еĸҲͻ֮٣ʱְһѣŮǸ̬ˣ
ӱĿˣŰӱ˵˭ԶԲ㣬㲻ԼԲԼ˭ǰˣǳˣʲô뷨Ҫ֪е鶼Ҫһܹɣ
ӱֿĿ⣬ס֣λվ
Ϊʲôң͸ղһΪҾһֱȥô˾ˡӱȻûֵƣ˵
ӴָͳһݸӱɣʵǸܺõĹ֪ͼؼʱܹ¸ҵվһ棬ͺܿɹˣҪǾˣһˣο㻹ôƯ
ӱԭɥ飬һ仰ˡӹᣬɫֳ
һⶫǲǾŮ˻İ
Ů˵˼Զ߼жƱ䣬Զ²͸
һ˵ŻĵģŵˣҪԤһЩʹá֪ӱǱ̨ʲôĨʵȷһԼ˲ԾͰԼŵ̹¶
ӱɫû䣬۾ȴǳʧ飬̲סҪǻ
˵ʵڵģ˺ӱû취ʱ򲻸ӱʵԺӱݵˣͻ˺
ӱҸҸطȴţ԰ȫҰ£ҾͰߣȻ㸸ĸôС˵ӱĲ졣
ӱ¶޵ľ֪ҲԶˡ
ãģҪҰŵ٤ϻаȫĵطô
˵һطԱȫ㣬·ϣ㻹ǵͱ֮Ǹطôһ飬ҵġҵĺѣֻҪԸ϶ûµġ
ðɣġӱͷӦ
һӱܹԼõĽͿ԰ȫİӱԼҲȥԼˡ
ӱҪȥʱȻоһɼԵ
ɲܶݣһգ۵ʱ䶼ȴиоһ˭ݺص۰ƣ
ƣҲءһڽһѪеʱܵļǿơһҫ֮ǣүʹʱܵһơ
ƣûһ߷緶ҲûһĹޱȣȴǸֲ߲٣ڰԵϣǿߡ
Ǭ޵źжȻͷܹԵֻǱĴڣ
ǣǬ޵źΪʲôᷢأѵѾӽźⲻܰӸղŷ˭ҪǸóȻӽǬ޵źǻĺܲҵġ
ܹߵˣ񱳾ˣʶôǳΪҵǬ޵źܹԼҪļƻܹӽġ
ΪĽӽôԵò˼ˡ
Ϊ˼ʱӱȻһЦʲôأɻܸ𡣡
ȵʲô֪ʲô
Ȼ֪ˡղŵǹ϶ǬźģԻģǲ֪ΪʲôǬ޵źᷢԲԣӱСһգ۾˵
еĿζӱô֪ԼģѵҲܿӱ˵ģ
㶵Ȧˣһļһﾭƨɺ棬ҽǼĳôôȻҺ˵ĻȫסˣҲҪ֪Ĵ𰸡ӱ˵ʱ飬֪Ӧþࡣ
͵Լ֮԰ӱ޳ȥǿܼҵĳӱѲѣ϶԰ԼĶӱ֪һҲ˳ˡ


1184 ǧ
óӱ໹нٵġֻһ£ӱֱӺԵһڣ֪Ķ
ܼ֮УһرԺյĴ塣⵹Ϊܼ˶ûǮ˵ǼûʵܸߵĴڡ
ܼ֮ԲãΪоĶȽƫţרоΪġһʱ䣬ΪܼҴо޵ĹǺеΪΣ˵ܼһ᲻оаħʬڵ·
ΪֻܼоޣԽԽСˡܼڲиоУо˵ŵ
ܼ˷֣ȣ޵ǻĶ̰壬Ϊǻ۵Ķȱʹĸĸй١
е޻ϳܶ࣬еǿ֮࣬޵ĸָй٣ǿ˲ֹһȼ
ܼ˾Ͱ޵ĸָйԣ÷Ƶİ취ܹӵиĸй١
ܼҪһоɹһֽǧĳǲȡǧֲͬ޵ԹǾƶɵĳ
ھΪҵĻУΣյĸ֪Խ磬ԼȥļʾԽ
ܼ˷ֶ֣Σյĸ֪γɻ൱ӵģԺеķӦһͷеһֶĸӦйء
ԣܼ˾ͼ˼ǧͷǣ飬Ƴǧ顣
ǧֱܹ֮ǿһԼǿ޷һ΢ͻᵼǿӦΪУͻᱻΪƣǿ޿϶ǻԽлӦġ
ԭǧĴȸǬ޵źʱǬ޵źͻͷųӦֳǧ˾ͻݻӦȷλá
ʦȻ֮ĳǶôԴˣòܼ˵˼룬ҪΪ˼ΪӵӡܼӦǻĴġ
ôҸṩѶϢҪɣӱһ̬֪ԼѶϢҪȣҿҲ͵ʲôڵĹطˡңҿԸṩܴİġģһܹԵģҷģ
˵ţӱɫȻԼ֣һָ췢ĵӲЦˡ
СʵǺܲҵģڼӦŹˣܵ飬϶ǻѹġȴֳ˹龫ֵӣʵڲŮʧ
ҲǲԣҪԼ£һжһжָӡڶôʱְ̱жʱһưźõģǧҶô
˵쳣࣬ӱɲҪȻѾͷַܸ죡
ӱɴ۾˵Ҳ̫˰ɣָӱҶ⣬˵ʱְ̱е̫˵˰ɣҪǷĻ˵ѵҪǰô
׵Ӻߣ㻹ûӱ˵ë
ȣ˵ǿԵģ˵զզĻȫ綼֪ʲôλˡ
ߣɣ҆ǲǣҪΪʲôҪһ죿Ϊ˳Է˵ôҪǲ˵Ļһ첻˷һĹô
ӱǿʶһ̯˵Ǿûˣһǰ͵ɡ
УݣҴӦ㻹ôˣɾһжսˣȥŮ˵˼Զ˵ͱģӱϾͻһޱڴɫ
ЦһҲ֪ѾͷǲԼһܱʡɴӦ˼ˣ˼ҲͬԼҪǾֻܴ·ˡ
ӦðҵܼжĺۼֻҪǣһҵǬźλõġǸط˵ĿĵأʡǻĴѰҡһ£ȷһС
ӱϰڳһҵ飬ظ˵ͽҺˣ֪ܼҵ簵ǣֻҪҵܼҵİǣǾܹܼˡģǸԼһжģҲ֪ԼҵİǣύȶԣԲġ
Щӱҡҡͷ֪˵ʲôãһĶʾӱ·
ӱ̸߰ͷ­۾ǰߡ
Ͻ˵ιιιС㣬ŵ·ǿҪˡ
ӱһ˵ģ֪Ǿ͵ŵص㣬ֻҪҵǾͿ˳ϣҵǵټ
ӱЩĿ࿴ˣû뵽ҰѾͷȻ˼ȻӱʮİգǾʵʵںɡ
ӱһڷŵ̬ͷϸ۲ΧӱĴ£һ·ǰУڵһʮصԵС
ܼ˺Լ϶ĵطҲǴܳȥġ
˳ӱָķһϢءϸ۲ÿһۼ̧ͷ˵ܹʮˣԼҵӦʮˣܼҵʮˣ԰ɣ
ӱʱԲ۾һɲ˼˵ˣ˵һģһˣôɵģ
ҭֱۣС㣬ôܹأ㿴ЩۼǾþսĸĺۼЩһЩΪûоʵսĸµĺۼ㿴֮ͬλá
ӱӵɳˣҲûзʲôͬӱ㬵ҿʲô˵˵ɣﲻͬ
ָۼ˵㿴ĺۼѹʮԣ֤ǰȥġۼֱͦͦŵġܹʱһԾһ̬ǾĸֲŻɵϰߡ
˵ָ˼λ˵㿴ʮ˶ηǳн˴˼ܹӵԷǷǳõŶϢ䷽ʽЩˣԲǡ˵ܼҲʵо͵ļ͵óжô
Уԭô򵥰ҪϸĻҲܷ֡ӱֳ֮˺ܴĲм
ֺֺЦЩɲ˵ֵܹϸڣֻͨεѪĽѵ;ۣܹϸжϳӱĺӵ˵ЩǣϾǻһĴڣ޷ܶļġ
С㣬˵˵ǿɱˣϿҺۼǺ˳źۼٰ
ӱȻصıԵʼ̽顣˰ȦӱȻָһط˵㿴ԼµӡǣǸ㿴Ǿܼҵıǡ
˳ӱָһȻǵǡЩǷǳΣľעģҪǲϸԼҲδؾܷ֡


1185 ʯ
ӱԵʮ˷ܣǵָʾһ·ǰС
ţȻӱסˡ
ӱЩԾȵһ˵
ô£ӱ˵
°ͣϸΧ˵̽鵽û⣬ؼЩָʾ·ϣûô˾
ӱ˵⻰ʲô˼Щף˵Ĩǣᶫˡ
Ц㿴ЩָʾķӦʮͨһŶɳǰڲᳬʮĺۼʾûô˾ңЩطĺۼ̫ԣΪΪ֮һ
㲻˵˹Ҫǰɣӱǲ뵽ĵжôն찵ķ˵û˵
˵Ӧǹʲģǲ׷ȥˡǸݺۼ׷ٵҪá
˵ӱֻصԭء
Ȼܹкۼ׷٣Ϊʲôȥ̽أӱӻתܲΪʲôҪô¡
ЦӱǲǾĶùҪôĻɾʹˡĲùŷǳҪ塣ȻԼҺܼǣ˵˷ֻҪǣܹͨۼҵǡ
ӱĺͿˣֶ۵Ļӱܹġ
ͣŶеһԱŶӻǳעԼİȫ֪Լ緽ʽȻᱻգԭ緽ʽ磬ǿҪԴġ
ͨӱ·Զ϶ҵŶѾǵ緽һ˼󵼿ܻٵˡ
һͨۼپܹҵԷΪԷҪԻ֮ˣֻúۼԻǱԻ֮һȻԻģôںۼ϶Է޷ڽйʲˡΪӵĻУԷɲٸһ׵ġ
ˣȮһΧĺۼʱʹñᣬʱϵ֦ҶӲݹ۲һ
ӱס˵۲ʱ̫ˣӱЩͷˡ
ι㻹Ҫʲôʱ򰡣˼õǬ޵źˣ㻹ûʲô򡣡
ָ֣һ˵Ӧþ򣬴С㣬֪֪ҪǺԵһϸڣпܻ̤;һߴ·ʱ޶ûطޡˣ˵ЩҲ֪߰ɡ
ӱǻˣǸˣѧҲʵҲٸӱϿˣŮĺģһֱ׷ʵףǿǸĥ˵鰡
ȷķԽǰߣԽƶ·Ҿ·;
Լ˼ʮȻǰľɫ䣬деַ·һӱնһ㣬ǰʯɽ룬ɫʯ˵ľˣһݶûУ
߳ɽ֣ӱЩɵ۵ʲôۼûˣô찡
ΧҲûϵﾹȻɽֵǱߣûпƬʯɽ룬ӦΪƵ͵ԭ򣬲ûдɽֵԶ˿
ٽ׷ٵʱ򣬺ȻӱȻ˵а취ˣֻҪɵУʲôˣ
˵ţӱӻһԾҪзɡ
󺧣һקסڿյӱĽϣݺһקӱûʱһƨʯϡ
뺦ҰƨʯϺݺһ£ĺ۰⻹Ϊģôô֪ôأӱ۴Уóۣ۾ﶼתתˡ
ǲ֪ôأɫʮϾ˵ôԼˣжһָӣɺãԼϷɣ֪ôΪ룬ô˭ʵߣΪʲôûЩ˵Ӱ
ӱһ㵣뵽ԡǰԼ뵽ɵϾܹøԶΪʲôûôѵ
ߣ٤ǣ֪ΪʲôһֱôһΪ٤ǵĵؽƫƧһҲΪҵ۷ս㿴棬ǵصҽγɵģɼĲҴսж༤ң
ӱ֪ŵŵǸʲôϵ
ЦˣС㣬Ͽܱȵ滹Ҫң˵Ĵһ㶼ѡڿоģΪеսԿռ㣬ǸĶԾ߼ĴսƱػᵼ°пռλСҪȻеǼʷҪһ䣿ֱӽã
ӱе㿪ˣŶԭôΣհô˵ҵǺİ˻ˣ
СֺֺЦΪأˣԺҪж˺ôǰûΣգ˭ҲɵȥģΪڿпˣͬҲᱻϵ˿Ǳ¶Ŀô
ӱͷվС˵ԺһĻ㲻Ҹ߰ɣ
̾һ˵ˣҲܰˣͷͷˡҹŸѾҪҵǬ޵źˣҲüӵܸҰɣ
ӱͷȻ˵ģһܸĽŲġ
ǰѾûκεıǣطҳɽֵĵطܣȻУ˷ܶӱ˵ߣǸߡ
ӱӵʣȴǲΪղոսɣԼһӻҪ˵סû˵
һʱ䣬ӱֹʮ̲ܵסЦ˵Ҫǲ˵»ܵġɣ߿ɲײˣֵġǵ˵ǧôǿܹɢĶ
ӱڿ˵ˣѵǸܵǧɣҲУ
ЦȻôˣǧ鷢ȻᱻǬ޵źסҲΪʲôͨǧܹҵǬ޵ԭǬޣüǧ̺꣬ѹȸҲǲСġ
Ϳˣ㻹û˵ΪʲôҪ򡣡
ֱȫֱǬźʶһǧʱעģһʥַ⡣һע⵽ôʹûҲܹоõһ˿ѹСָоǾʲôһָо
ӱδҲ̫ǣǿ˰ɣǻӼָĶǾĶߡһƾŸоѡȡһûʲô
ɫǲһӱЩ飬һóƾʵݲܹӡ֤ġоʱǳҪҲϲԴֵһֱֻⷽҪЩҽӴ޽ѱȽ϶࣬ⷽȽ˽⡣


1186 
ӱЩ֮Ķ޷⣬֪ٸӱͣҲ˵һ㣬Լ۵ҪԷҲδס
ǰмʮ·Ȼͣ
ӱ̲סʵ
ͷӱ㵽һһ͹ʯߡ
ǰǸ޴ɽȣܲʣҪСĽСѹӱҶ
ͷųԼʶɽȵнɽȵĹʮָӣĹʯɽ棬˵ˣǧҲ⡣
̽һξ룬ʶѾ˼ˣ̽ĵطûзʲôֻͲܹԭܹ̽õˡ
ջʶĬĬһ£ӱɽȥ
ɽ̽ĵطѾμԺˡռķλûдɽкߵĵطнѡһʮߣȴܹܺε·ǰС
ӱɴû߹·̲סԹźúõ·ߣƫƫҿԿǻˡ
һ˵С㣬ɲİҪ·ߣϵͷصȥڿʼ㲻׼Թ׼˵ΥĻҰסŸҰٻȳ
ӱҲһ˵˭֪ôԲѡĵ·ߣҲģģҵģ˸ĺò
ûӱ˵꣬һסӱ죬һſ˹ʯ֮䡣
ʱ΢ĽŲǰһ߹
ӱᵽΪʲôʯнҪߵ·ߣֻ¾ͻᱻ˷ˡ
ŲԽԽӱҲԴСԸʱӦúȻ𣬸Էúõһܣ
ǣȴͬʯһ㲻ΪŲѾ˲ʮɵľˣûж
һ˾Ȼ˵ĲɽȵĸȥŲԶˡ
ӱǿ˵˶Զˣǳɡ
ָŵߣһĶûã˴ɽȵĹȿˡ
һ˱ԹôвӶʺĵطѲ߸ƨһˣ˵ˣӶû
һȰСɣҪ˵첻ãƽҲûŵģ˵ʲô˵ʲô¿ɺãѲ䵽ͷ˰ɣô˵ҲһȦˣȥˣɧƨã
ôģųԿֵܣҲ֪˺ôûǵķݶ
ֵܣͱ˵ɧˡȻҸģȵ˼µʱȥƴǸ㲻û˵İ
ҲǣҪôĻѲ߻Ǽص湻ģ徹Ȼһ飬ͿţƤҪǿЩˣƨϰбԼȥ¡
֪ˣ٤ǵĴ壬һҪǬ޵ź͵ǹ̸֪һĻġ˵иصļһдˣҪһȥǬ޵ź˸ϵ顣
Ȼ飿Щ˴˼ЩԸǮһЩ˶Ǹ̥ЩеĻгܹ飿
죬ЩɲҽͷӣȻ㶼֪Լôġ
˵˻ľͱտڲˡȻо󲱾һɭɭ˵˵ҵͷӵĻ
˶ʱðûȷӦ;ԼĲѾץסˡӲϵִʸ֮˾Բܹǵġ
ǾһӶɲʲôеˣûǮƣ֪Ҳ٣Ҳûˣ˸̧֣Źɡ
˶ǾģֻһӸߵ㣬һӰ㣬˵Ǹļһ
Ǳ˵̸ģȷΧҲûб˵£Ǳ˵󣬳ֿסˡ
ӶǿǸ󰡣ʯ·ɳһ·߹ĶǹӶɣܹڣǸ漣ҲΪǣúңҲ˺ǵġ
ĻӶƽϽæʾֻҪԼ֪ģһ֪޲޲
ЦҲ˵ͷתҵ۾˭͵ҪתˣҾһšĲӡ
úݻ˸Ͻͷתö۾
ûІʻֱÿʶͷŵӶʶ˵ʶУѸҵļ䡣
Ӽ˽⵽ԭ̥ļҴ壬ҪǬ޵źԷһѣڱŻ۵ˣɲ֪ģ쿪ʼЩ½һϻǬź
٤ǵĸ壬϶ɽȵһ׼׵һڼ䣬ɼҴĹӶվڷѲߵˡ
ӶļоЩǵݵλҪ˽εĶҲǲܵġ
һ£ӶԼļȫɾȻ˻ΣŵʯС
ӱӰ߳ʵôҲһ¾Ͱ˴ˣǱ㲻Ѷƹҿǻᰡ˲㶼ãȣ治֪˵ʲôˡ
Ҳ˵һӱչӶԺеĵͼɽȵȥ
ɽнʮͣΧĻѡһߵελúӱǱ
ιιιôߵλøʲô㲻˵ڸߴױôôˣǲʲô鶼еʲô鶼һǴ
ЦȻ㶼֪㻹ʲôһܣ˵֮Ҳ܆Ӵ
Ů˶ֿ൱ƫģӱҲ⣬ܸò漸ҪˣϽͷʾͬ
ͰѼ׼ȡǬź˵һ飬ӱĿɿڴЩȻϵһ졣
˵ļ壬ӱ֪Լʲô̬ȵģ˵ʲôҲҪǬ޵źŪܼ֡ңٵĲƸ벹ڻ¡
ϣôأǽͲ˵ģӱԺڣΪһܹܶ࣬û뵽֮ʸͷԼӱǲ˵ˣӱޱȡ
ѡλãڸ弯صĲϷλòܿۼȫò˵ϿʱҲԿҪȴģǸжʱ򣬴Ӻĸ
ϵ飬ļƻȫˡŸõǬ޵źĶǵʱаˮ룬ʵԼµԸڿԸʵˡ


1187 ֲ
Ӱ֪Ǭ޵ڣЩӦû֪ܡڸ嶼ۼһ𣬲֣ǾͰǵĴĿƻҲǳڶˡ
ʱһǳĵ֣͵ŶԷжһʵʩͻϮĻᡣĳ˵ЩȴḶ́ΪֻĵĵȴŻֵѪжչֳ㹻Ѫ
ΨһоģӱˡλС㿴ֻҪʵ㹻ӦʱȥɱķһߵĿ޵Žʹ죡޷ֵġ
һүǣʵôֲӦ˭ʹ˭˭˳۾ȥѵˣʲôᣬбҪô
ӱĲҾĪƢĵȴ˼ֵʹõȴҲô
ӱһΪЩЦã벻ͨѾͷӳ˱ɫʣʲôֱֱȥģһ侲ıԶûСѾͷƨͺ˻¯һûһܹͣġ
Ů˽һǳʹ飬Žţ漰Ա棬ƾʲô˾ҪָŮˣȻ˾ͲŮ˵㣿һүôһŮõŵ£
һʱ䣬ЩڰӱˡʱǵӱһŮҴڰϾǲ㣬Ļֲ㲻ûӱšڿӱı֣ǵѡ
ֻգӱ֣İߣЩ˶ʱڲжȻڿŵĻҲӱһЩͷ˵ӱ£һЩ绹еؿǵĹ£СŮǸܺõĺƭ
һֱ죬ڿʼжˡ
ܼٴʹǧ̽⣬ǧͷųǬ޼ҵӦһأΪˣ˭ܹܵӦӵİԵޱȡ
Ӧ˿жϳǬ޴ڵķλɽڵĸ壬ֳн
һǮһҼмҴżǰҴʣǰ
ΣɵüͷӦ˵ķֽϻĶнģʽʺϴģȺʵͬһĿģʽˡڶռ䣬ַÿһÿһ˵
ڣЩ˿ɲѵصľӣǴŲͬļ塣ճ˵ÿ嶼ӱγһŸ߶ȼԵ塣
Ϊ˭ῼԼڵλǲǻڴʱᴦһλϣֻҪ뷨жϴҾͻвɵ͵ìܣȻЭжġ
֤ҵǷǳͳһġ벻ͨʲôܹĽŶЭ
ͳһ϶ǲʵģţƤңҲĿŵʹñ֮Уûвĳޣұ϶ҪһֺгֺгǲαǴҹͬصһߡ
ʣµһֿܾЭˣǬźô㣬ѵܹôθڣ
˰죬Ҳû״ֵľϣԾͲȥˡ˶ѾˣҪѡһָȥǣѡмⲿָȥ
Ҵ˱Ͼǧ飬ߣߺܶ·
еʱǳӱµ·УǧʹСӣӱԼĻ֤ӵ
ΣԶţӱͷЩҪˣµʱʱһܹ⣬ڣǺСһõͬ᲻ᱬһĸԡ
ӱĸмһ·˵󡣼ȻЩ룬ԸоܼʹǧĴԽԽƵˡ
ǬźĻӦҲԽԽǿңʹãȷλúܼ˾Ͳʹǧˡ
ǰноһɳƵʹԼѹޱȡ֪ѾǬźܽλˡ
ȻϹǧˣһЩֲڹİȻźɸġ
ܹоѹֵգԱߵӱˡӱ֣ԼܶһЩӱӱĸо˺ܶࡣ
ȻǰȺͣϽӱǰȺǰһƬ˸ʵһƬɽҡ
֪Ǭ֮źеͷŷȥΧɽղŵ³
ϵѹѾŨ˶Ĥݰĸоˡ
֣ܼ˸Χ˷ַһЩȻúԶжϳֶҲܼƳģרӦǬźֳѹ̬ƵƷ
ܼҶⷽкоЩܼ˷ַƷЩֿʼǰн
ٴθȥʱȫעСġΪΣյĵطǰ˿϶ȫ䱸ԼһСģпܻᱻ֡
ʰĹâԽƽԽŨȻ˸쿴ǲǬ޵ź
źԶһŹâЩ۵˼ӨӨĹм䣬һǼſС
˶еǣ⸱ǼܵĹģ̫СˣչǼƤ⣬ҲţһСݹǼܵʽƶϣⶫеڹеʨòĽе˽ܲˣǬ޵źѵģ
׾ߵһʵܹܼңѵǬ޵ź
жźϣܼ˾ԿȨʿ
ܹܼҵͷû϶Ǭ޵źôѵԵΪǬ޵ź̫СˣеĴһ
׾ڨЦ˼ܹܼңȻȷⶫģǾͶȡⶫɡ
ܹܼɫҡҡͷ˵ûô򵥣Եң㿴Ǭ޵ΧֲǣҵƲ⣬ӦǬ޶Լķ֡óȻȥֻҪԴġ
˵ţܹܼҶԱߵһӶ˵ȥһ㿿Σյġ
ӶΥȽŶǬ޵ź߹ȥ첽ѼһСģǬźʮԶľ룬ͺǱһһ㣬ҽŵɳȥ
һֱˤʮɣˤ䵽ϡ
ֲĹӶһ̱Ѫۼǻˡ
ܹܼҵɫһû뵽Ǭ޵ź˼ǧʴôֲҵ͹ˣ
е˶Ŀ࣬Ǭ޵źԵѾĿɼˣɻûְ
׾˿ĭʵܹܼңô죿ѵɿŲô
ܹܼЦҪõźͱҪƵ֡ǵʵʡʡɡǻûôֵˣһƵǸã


1188 
׾һָʮĶܹܼұʾ塣
Щ;øˡ
ӱм价ڣֱԼˣԼܼӦǺŶԣǿ龰ȴҷǳѺõӡ
ϵߵһ˲ĸо
ʱǮһΪ׵ŶӺΪ׵ŶͳͳϵˡܹܼŶӵĵˣϸ˵һ顣
Ϊ׵һ֣壬һûбģĿһС
һ˵ƿźķҪһ֣ͺݺݷ˵ܹܼңƸ˼ǧγɵ֣Ҫô˳ôҿԼҾǻ˽ģԼһ͸оǲǣ
ܹܼҶϻòֳɫƴһ棬ʵǿĸ֣һҲɲܹܼҲ岻
ңҵˣۣ̫ԵһӶǿһ£ͱǿȥˣңǻСĽһΪá
һ˵һӶӶѣܸʲôĲϣܹܼңһӶʵ״ŵЩӵܵϣδЩҵ˰ɣŶˣܼһо޵ģԹӶΪˡ
˵꣬һ󷢳һĿЦ
ܹܼɫ䣬ԼޱȵķŭӲѹȥˡǬ޵ķ־ô򵥵ģȻôҲͲעʲô֪ߵغļһԵͷźء
뵽ܹܼϸһЦ⣺֮кպĸ֪˭˲ңȷʵûҲ߳֡
˵ȻֻҪһ֣ûʲôǸ㲻ģˣǼʶһ˵ʵ
ܹܼ΢΢һЦصԼӪС
׾ЩĵܹܼңǸ൱֣᲻ԿҪ˿Ҳ˵ȥ
ܹܼðԹɫ˵أûҪѹӶҲˣʴʣܼҡ˲Եͷǲ᳤ԵġŰɣʲô
׾ıҲ񣬱˵⻰еԲԣһܹܼҵɫˣ漴¿ſֵ̬ۿıˡ
ȴûʼΪ˭ĸ壬ҪҪáʲôֻˣʣµи˲ֵõˡ
ǣȫˣָΧ£źΧˣǮһҵȼˣҲԼܼңԶ㰡ҪȻ˭ҿǸŲ𰡣ô飬߳ôĶǺЦҵġ
˷׷˿תǬ޵ź˫Ŀ¶һмɫֻ˫ֲȦתදһŵĹâ˫ɡ˫ȦתٶԽԽ죬˫еĹâԽԽʢһ޷ֱӵĵز
˶ֳʵˣܹܼҲòϣôֵÿʱġ˵ҲһܹģǷ磬ôĺҲҲôɫġ
Ȼ䣬һȣ˫ǰһƣ˫е˸ҫ۹âźХǬ޵ķַ˹ȥ
찡ȻܹۼŹȥˡǽӽڶ˵ĴˣȺۼ⣬ϳʹõַ
ǰѹֱΪبĵһˣ֣֮ΪҲΪ
Ⱥ۷׷ףò˵ľʵ˴ңҲɸղŵתһη̬磬Զǿߵ磬ھʵǰǲеġ
ڴײǬźֺһɽѰĳӾ巢ĹһӦǾܹġ
Ȼȥ˺ܳʱ䣬˵ǻɽ׳۾󣬾һ˿ûд
⣬⡭ô£Ⱥз˽ղΪ巢̫ǿˣԺܶ˶ͷתһ߲ȥ׳۵ĳ棬ɾûһ£Ͳ֪ʲô
ЩײϷֵˣĿɿڴ⣬⡭ôܣײ֣Ȼֱֱ֣ӺǬ޵źǣǹ⻪һźȫˣ
ʲô
е˶ڽͷӶ˵ײڲҵľҶܽܣʯһĹǽܲ˵ġ
֪ô£հĽܣǬ͵ļֱܾû뵽˼ǧ꣬˹ͷǱ˵ļܡ
кϷˣǬ޵źЩҪõͱҪ֡ǣ˹ȥ־Ͱ㵯Ҫźͻɵ
Щ⿴һУЩ˹ƿǬ޵źܼˣ
𾪵ģΪ˰ԼʵʾղǰԼǿֶ˳
û뵽ԼΪӳȥ춼ûǱˣô飬϶ҪúеԭȻϡ
ȴģԼʵɳ·ϣƾԼ츳֣Ӧþ˵ۣûʲôģ
ּʧ̬ٴεԼ˱ȵһλҪǿźķȥ
һأ˵۾ȫĳ֡巢ţûܵκε谭ͷɽ֣ǹ⻪һٴû뵽Ǭ޵źС
峹׷ˣԼΪȻξϢʧˣǲɽܵģ
Լ˭Ҽţ꿪ʼʹ֪ʧʲôζ
ڿɺãôĴ˵ǰȻʧ֣嶪
ܻӣ׾ܹܼ˵ܹܼң˰ɣ壬Щ˵ȥʱ֪ôļ忴ҵЦϲ˵ʲôɸ㲻ûᱨһ°
ܹܼҶʵǲͻЦ岻ţôҲǿôҲǳˣǻΪǬ޵źô׾õˣʱǣǻ˵ΪǳЧģԵңٵȵȿɡ
׾֪ܹܼеֻԹ۵˼ϸһ룬ܹܼҵĻҲ޵ʱȥæǵ飬ܻԶġʶôļһǷǳ鷳ġ


1189 벶ȸں
뵽׾ҲŸܹܼһ̬Сӣ˳ԺٳЧúܶࡣ
ΪʵǿƾԼʵܹƽһС֪ϣֱʵնĶǾһԹӵġ
ܹܼʵͿһЩߣΪгԹ˵Ͳ嵹ùء
оϹҲסһһεЩûãΣɫЩףҲµ䡣
Σ˹ܹܼңܹܼң̫죬ûʲôô
ܹܼұ뷴༥˵ܼҸӶôôڿˣ
׾ܹܼҵһһܹܼʶҵıҪ˴࣬ϹҲס϶Ҫġ
뵽ܹܼЦղҿӷҲſеһŵ֣ʵǶԽӽãѡķŹǬ޵źܹδؾܹ˴
ϼһǿ֣˵˵ȥȻʲô˵˳¡ңԼѳȥˡ
Ȼ֪еè壬Ҳû˵ʲôܲٷ˼ң˿ˣһɣ
˵ҪлܹܼˡȻܹܼѾ˶ߣİ취ɣ˺ܿ˵
ܹܼҿЩѵ壬ֻĿС΢ЩźǣּΪʹĸо޷Լϡ
λģǬγɵ֣ѡܹġҲˣܹڣĶ޷ڡ
ܹܼҵĻһǱȽŷģⷽ棬ܹܼǶȨ
вг˵˰죬׸ôȥ㵹øⰡ
˵壬ղŶˣʹ죬뼱֤Լ˵⻰ʱ廹ðܹܼңͱ˵ĿܹܼҺڳ˶ò
ܹܼһۣ˵Ψһ취ܹȥǾ˶ҪֽڷַŹͬʱɳһЩĸֽͷС
˶ܹܼķδҲ̫˼ˡһ뵽֣ɶʵʵģһͻţ㲻ûİ
ܹܼҲ֪Щˣ˵ҲǿңǶһ¿ʲô֣һҪע⣬ҪĸûֽȥûʸǬ޵ź涨ҿԽܰɡ
˲ɵ۷׷ףһ󣬾黹Ǻеģ㶼ͬ涨
ڸ˷׷װܹܼҵķԸȥ׼ʱ˭Ҳûע⵽һӰĻ˷ҵĶС
ӱӱҪҶԼˡٺӱҵӪ
Ϊһֱıע˭ûע⵽ѡ׼һӵܣĻκʩչ任ӵܵӣȻæ׼ʱҵĶ鵱С
˶׼ˣܹܼҵһ£еĸȫԼĹʹóǵصȫӿ˷֡
˳ش֣ӿǬ޵źǣһ׼˳ֵʱͳͳ˻
ҶסҪţûУֵķСˣֻҪҼ֣һܹȥܹܼҹ۲ĺϸ£ϸҼ͹ľ
Ѿȫ뵽ˣʱˮۣˣܹܼҵĹĶҧŶּʵ
ڣһ֣ҵ壡һЧϴ񣬼Ӵ
ĲѪйʹ˵쳣ʵԵ͵ѾǶͷˣЩʵҲɫͨ죬ҧ֡
һһ˽УܹܼҴֻҪǬ޵źƻȻͻʧ죡˼ֲ˶ˡ
һϽǬ޵źǰһɢǿų⣬Ҹ޷ӽң˲ϴ߶źɵԽԽ࣬ųԽԽ
ҸϿȻ˼ֲסˣ
һϽͷԼǬ޵ź˭Ҳûע⵽˵˾м䣬˾仯ġ
һֲźеźȫɵˡ
Ҳϴ߶źǸ޵׶һеֺȫɵ
ȫЩ󾢲ˣϸ۲źհ˵ǬҪĻᣬһһһöȻ
λãź߹λϡ۾ζס棬Ȼ䣬һѤĹâź߹ǲλĳһöʯһѣ
Ѫһȣȭֱź߹ǵλáվԭعֱŹźǰ
еźһգȭͷˣ޻ڵ͵һȭ
һ죬Ǭ޵źɢ䣬ҲˡһѾöѷŵ˴ָС
ҿ˾ûˣȺУĶȥźʱ˶Щƣˣһʶ͹ȥɢź
תΧģ͵͵˳
ٺ٣ôôǸޱĸֳˡ
˵վĸ֣ЩȫŭĿӡˣֲЩжһ˸Ĺ
ԩıԩгı𣬾Ϳ벻뱨ˡ˶
ϻָԼòЦƾЩɫҲסң
ͼܹܼɭЦԼܣ˵㲻᲻˰ɣ˵ţܹܼһ֣ܼ˰ӱ
һɲȫˣԼ벶ȴǻȸں󣬰ӱ׽סвԼ
㲻һŮвˣ̫ôŭ
ܹܼҺһ˵ļʲôֶζΪҪŮ˻͹Թɡ
ŭѣȴ޼ƿʩӱڶԷͶ
֪ΪʲôЩץסûѰôҾ͵żһ档㣬ҲźˡӱĿҲԼˡ
ӱȻǰһ壬ò嵽˱Լϵĵϡ

ѪȪӿһӱ۵̼ͱ˲Ұ׵ɫһȥ
ˣȫ
˫Ŀ࣬קͨԵڵܣͨԵһһǵĹ
˭Ҳûϵ仯ЩڶԸǬ޵źʱѾƣߣûз
գۼ䣬ĸַ׷ױͨԵƬ
һգ۵ʱ䣬ѾѪ⡣ЩҪܵģûлᣬûܳͱӿʬ޴档
ԲʮɽʯϣѪ顣ټ٤ǣʣͻˡ
ͬҪָŻ˺ȵ
ⳡɱ¾ΪⰲŵģڻʲôĺԼɡ
˵ţӻһԾԶȥ
׷ϣȴԼڵͬХһ㷭ӿ
֮УһӰֳ
󺧣Ͻֹͣ׷ˣҪҸطϽԼڳֵ⡣


1190 ҶΣѣ
۾һɣæѰһƧĵطǿķ󷨣
һ֮ĲƽʱڵĲȴԽ
ˣƽˮ
ĵﴦһӰ۾ɫĹ⻪ȥԶƺҪ͸һ㡣
Ӱվһһ̣Ѿ⡣
ˡҶ΢΢ͷԼܹ˴ĳɾͣȻĺܡ
ʵյ˵ҶαԤϵҪһЩ鵽ڵĵزòˡ
Ӧõģ֮䣬Ҫʲô΢΢һЦ˵
˶٣ǿʵƺԤʱҪһЩЩû
Ҷһɫͳ˵ҷһЩ⣬ءԣҲòǰˡ
һתƣȻҶεķɶԴȴԼ˼άʽܿͷڡ
˼ҳ⣿ޱȣϸһ룬Լ⣬ûбܹҶǰˡ
ϾһֱǰԤ·ߣǵҲãҲãûκε⣬ʣܹĵֻԼˡ
Ҷ˫۽ضȻһ仰˵
ֱӱ÷ëˣüͷһšл˵ɣҲ뱻ڹ
ðɣЩĴڡҶգգ۾Χֲ󷨡
󷨶˲ɵģܹظоԼĸ֪ȫжˣͷ·֮һ㡣
ڿ˵˰ɣɫţܹҶ˽Բ򵥡
ҶεͷҲǸղŲģһжǼٵġ
ٵģ
һжǼٵģ
ԴͷһЩԺˣ⵽ʲô˼סеĲ⣬š
ҶοЦһ˵һʱ򣬽㴴˳һֱ㵱ҵԺĳɾԶԶسҵԤϣңҴغô
ϧҶһԻ֮УҶٴοڣ˵Ļ״סˡ
ѵһжǼٵ𣿸ûʲôûʲô磿Ĵʲô
ƺı仯ҶЦ㲻Ҫ̫࣬㾭һжģֻԻ֮аˡһгɹʵġ
ǡҵʲô⣿ʵҲﲻסˣеҪ֪Լʲô⡣
ҲҪװף
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣûκε⣬ĴҲʵģԴߡ
Դ
ʶԴȻ⡣
ǶԻ֮УĳΪģ㶼סҶε˵֮䲻ֱ˴ˣûʲôñܻá
Ի֮ĳЩרģΪľסҶĳҶοЦһȻһжôЦȴʵڵġ
˶٣Ҷ̾ϢһЩ֪ҶĳΨһһָܹˣ㽫סȻΪ˱ʲô취Ǹͷۣĳ֡
⡭ǲе㸴ӣ
ЦѣԼˣɾͲˣڿҶһҲһӣЩŪ֮С
ЩϼһΪ˶ԸңҲ˲ٰ취ġУҪһҶҧҧ޺޵صĳɾͻԻޱȣûзһ⣬Ǿɱˣɵɱҵ̫ˡ
¡
ͬ׺䶥һ㣬˲ˡ
һжһȦףһȦף
ĳҶαһϣҪɳȻҪԴԼ
ĹУ˱Ȼ޷ġ
ڵϣɱ˲࣬Ҳ١磬Ϊĳֶȴһֲֲ֣ȥ롣
һ;ϣɱһԻٵΪΪ͵ʱνɾޣĸӦҲޡһɳҶȳ̶ȣˡ
ǼϵĸֶĸӦΪУеʱɵؿĳͷ
ⱳһ޵ĴڣƺΪˣ
һܹ߶Զ޵Ķ޷ֿġ
˺õʱܹһŵرܹΪҲܹɳһ
˲ˣǾΣˣܻܿʱ콵
ЩЦʵˣȻΪʲôôͻȻˣ
Ȼ˵ıʽܶ࣬˵ӰҲ޷
һ档ҶοˣٴοڵԼʵѾЩӰˣһ̶ϱǸסˡ
ûвüͷšţЩοġ
ҶεȻһЦľ绹ֹΪɱ¾̫࣬Ҳġϼһ̫ˡ
ǡǸô죿Ӧûֲİ취ɡƬ̣ջǿʵ
ҶγĬˣ˼׸δȥĻ˽ܵв
ϾЩʱͲʶʲô󣬷Լȷģûġ
취УֻҪԼͨ׽⡣Ҷվǿ˵ĿǰΨһЧİ취ˡ
ӸԴԴϻӦûһЩðɣⷨףӦûһá
Ҷεͷ˵ĲΪЩܵĴڣûжɸˣҪȻڿѾ군ˡ
ôأʣкܶҪȥ
İɣҪҶ꣬ϾңҾ㣡Ҷΰο֪ԼܿƵԽܡ
һЦãԼ飬ҪԼеջȥɣʣµͽˡ
ãҶλǿ󣡡Ҷ˫ȭţȻѹŵ
˵һûأԺǵҳȻпһʱȻΣϣȴܵĺܡ
ҶιһЦʱ䲻ܳģҶĳ㱣֤
漴һ۾
Ҷϵһ£ɵر뵽֮С
ˣֻ˻
ûгˣϣһܹΣˡҶ˫۾˸΢΢
Ĵڸ˲ĻļҲȫ̽˹ҶβɵЦ
һֱչصҶνٴοһ飬ҳٵĹؼ㣬ÿһ㶼ƲгܵӰҡ
ܹܵģϾڳǵӰ֮£Ȼ顣
˼䣬Ҷεɫһ˸ˬĵطȻЩ;ˣ
ߣȺϼһưɣҶһ̧űҪߡ
ɸûͣͷŸɫѿޱȡ


1191 صʶ
գȻصô
Ҷһͣסӣûô򵥾ܽ
ôˣҲЩĲҵ˼֮У޷֡ҶβͬʱҲܵһ˿
ҶЦʶҲЩܵʶ뽫ջضǼ׵顣
ߣ浱Ǻ۸ģȻǾɣǰЩϲĶϳȥݺݵغԼǸС󣬱ЩܸŪš
ĸоŭ޷ܡ
ĿǰֻȷˡҶɨһ£о˸ȷΧ㹻Χû˿в
ҶһӣһӴ󷨽ӰĨȥһ˿ĺۼ¡ҶţЩܳǰҲܹټ
˵ڶʱھͱ뷢
ɣҶεͺһ
ڵĴʶҪͰǸ޷Ȼκ顣Ͼ˭Ըһʱᱬըը
һ̣Ҷε֮С
ҶλܣѾչĲˣֻɢһɱϢһʱɱ¾ء
ôҶĳˣǻȥ𣿡Ҷֱͦţͬһѷƥıâޡ
ȻƺҶεĳֲû˿
ģҶεನһ£ҲüͷšţǵȷǴڣαȳ
ܼ򵥣ȻǲԸƽĳǾֵ㶯ɡҶһЦֱӵĶͷϡ
ҽһӲѣ֮ȴûٷ˿ҧݼš
ܿ죬Դɳ䵽ϵʱѾΡ
Ӱģ·ɫӰӡ
֣ǲԸ浱Ҷɵ𣿡ҶЦһĿؿǰˡ
ҶΣ벻Ȼᱻ㷢ˡһߵӰ˻Σ˵еĲмȻ˿Ρ
Ҷһ˫棬̫ԣΪ˶Ըңǻǹ±ģȻԼʶƬηŵˡ
ɫĳһЦСӣô˵϶ǾԼаٷ֮ٵİգܹԸˣ
Уë֮ǰܵˣáһ˳һ˫͸ŶһĹâ
ҶҡҡͷڻˣĻҪߵĻڵĳ֣Цðɣʵ˵ܶҲ֪ǣҲһöͨӶѣ
ӣһβ͵ЦʸΪһʮ͸ǰţ
ҶһЦɫ
ģҶһǿϢγεĲܿ񱼶ȥ
ʮδ̫С˰ɣҶιһЦͬŰ׳һ㿴ŶԷ
˵ʵΪֲҲǰ֮ǿսʿ𣬿ϧֻһʶ
ʵʵͷӲҲʮӡ
ʮ˵ĲǵȷСˡëߵɭݺݵؿҶΣͬһͷȴʱĶǡ
ʮˣĳɳٶȵͦ죬ҲͶʮˣۺٺһЦ˵Ǽʵɲжٰǵʵ㣬ɶãսİգԶԶǣ
ȿȣ
β߿һͷ˹˵ԣעҪܸǵģһΣܲˣԸȫƣ˵һɢ޾ǿ֮С
ҪҪӰҲͰˣҪ˵ȫƿأǾԲܵģΪǴҶεֳģҶžԵĿȨ
ɱҲûʲôôֻҪҶλţͿ޴εĸҪǣΪʲôˡ
ȻıɱڸʱҶҲҪķһЩġ
ðɣȻ˵ˣҲûбҪٷϻˡôʼɣҶҲһЦ˵Ϣù
üͷͬʱһ壬ǴҶεϸоһ˿죬Ϊʲô˵г
о԰գ˵ڹŪ飿
˶һۣͬʱͷȻһˡ
ҶһڣȻˣ뿪һƬսһ̾Ȼֱ
һƬǾԵߣҪ˵ɵԲ󣬵ҪǾԲᱻ֡
ȷİȫҶ۾һ˵Ѿûжˣ֪һ᲻ܣ
ҶεԸ΢Щ仯һ̶ҲܵӰ죬ֻԼ޷ְˡ
ˡ
ͬʱ֣ɵȭͷͬɽһ㣬Ҷκɱ
ХҶͬһվţ˫ƽˮ˿š
СҲǰŪ˵𣿡ۿȭͷҪǰҶЦһ˵
ɱ㣬ӣ
ҶûдֳƣǣΧһ𱩶
ˡ
ҶߵĿռҲţεٻţΪģγһǿĶơ
ΣҶǵͺһٴμӹ̡
䣡䣡䣡
Ⱥײڶ֮ϣǿŰţҶΰ
ǰľ΢΢һЦеر˫֣ȻѾʼȴſҶεˡ

ͻأأһ𣬿񱩵˲ʧ١
̳Ǳֱƿ¶ȻǹҶΡ
⡭ôܣ˵Ĺ˵Ƕʮˣʮĸֶ޷⣡ë𺳣ʵ벻ͨ⵽ΪΡ
˳Ĭѣ˫۽ҶΣƺҪ䴩͸
ҶһЦ˵վһʶѡǵıҿܵĻᶼûСϧ

ģҶο֣ǿţŵǰһģӡɳ
ӡжٶȺΧĲϻۣӡԽԽٶҲԽԽ졣
ӡǿؿټˡ
ߣ
˶ﻹᵢʱ䣬ֻôһš
ǼֵƻֻʶƬΣȻҴ⡣
ۿŹѾ޷жԷҶ˫һɣһը
¡
ӡȻҶεĿ֮±ը񱩵ȥƺǳ۾һ
˴󾪣ҶεʵȴѾһµ˽⡣
ҶΣǿëӣҶ֮ǰѾĲ
ǰǿԵ־ͽҶθʰˣϾǰ֮ĸ֡
Ҷε̫ܣǽطЩصԴȻΪǸ
һǸӰס˵ķȻ˸ߵĳɾͣ
ôҶδ㹻ķжôֲ


1192 ѧ
Һǿ㲻˵ɱҺܼҶεһЦ˵һĨм
ǵģڵȷʱмϾʲô˶ܹô̵ʱڣʵ
Ҫ⣬ɱ˵ɣë߳˵ƺѾʧȥ˼ϻȤ
ӦһΪĬͬʱ֣񱩵ŰţһƬ綼
ȻˣǾʹսһɣҶεͺһȫսⰺѾ֪ûĻᣬԺúõˣһˡ
Ҷ˫裬һ⻪˫ּţ鶯쳣
һ̣˫ּĹ⻪Ȼһգһƥǹ
ˣ
ǹ˵ĺܣƶ֮ռ䶼Ҫˡ
ɫ΢䣬Ҷεʵ֮ǿѾԶԶسǵԤϣҶζãĳ̶ֳѾˡ
ȻⲻҶơҶڣ˶УҶȻҲ
ҪԼƿطΧڵЩʲôĻ϶̫ѣЩ˵ʵѰ
ɱ
Ҷαһ˫֮侹ַɳǹ
ǹ䣬ŭ
ˣǹҶκ޾⡣
Ϊû𣿡
Сӣɣ
ɱҪ
ŭʩչҶεĳǹһһ¡
Ҷ˫棬ضˣʩչֶȫУڿٵʲô
ҶһΪɳ̫죬ûиߵĸָܹҲ͵ڶһЩֶβô⡣
ڲҪˣλ֮ǿֳݣȻҪúõѧϰһ
˫Ŀй⣬ҶβϵͷųǹΪ򵥣ΪֶΣϵعš
˿ʼҶεĹǿʲôУ©ʱ򣬸һ
ɵʱҶλڳǹǹȥûûˡ
Сûиָ㣬ʹˣҲ޵еģ
ĳɳ̫ˣʱȴ谭
ᣬֱնɱɣϾ磬ĳʱˣǲ
໥ȻĽʶƬΣʶƬαҶθˣǶ˵ҲһЩ˺Ҫʱָ
磬ԽΪˣԽϧԼǵȲѵ£һ㲻ԸⷢǲԸ˻Ϊᵢ׷Ѱ㡣
ˣøСС󷨣Ȱס˵һҶżƣҪһɱĻҪסҶ뷨Ӷܿ
˵ͷˢˢضֱ֣ҶεΧһ󷨡
ռܴҶθûʱ롣
Ҳ޷ܣҶԲˣʶɢټ˫ۿһУ󷨵
ΪʦҶεԼãܿͷһЩߡ
δӴ򣬰֮ʩչ󷨡
òͬˣ֮ǰӴ󷨶ʯΪơǶΪٵΧ󷨡һ󷨵󷨵ƿضˡҶ΢΢һ̣ڼݵʱڸˡ
ѧòҶаЦҲֻ˫仯Χһ󷨡
򵥵󷨣Ҷõĺ˳ֱ֣ӽʽתΪۣϵ
Ϊټܵǿ׺ٵػţǸղŹ֮ը˵
УС󷨣ҵɭһЦ󷨵˽⼫ߣҶ򵥵ԸǣȫǿЦ
򵥵󷨾ֵܹסǵĹĻҲͲûˡ
ƺΪ֤ԼĻһ㣬һâһ̣ǳҶβõķ֮ǰ
¡
赭дһָصҵ˷֮ϣǿѡ
ɡҲǲѣĺۼûС
⡭ôܣ۾ԼԼݺݵسһӣɫѿúܡ
Ǻǣ׳գҶκǺһЦ򵥵Ѿ۲ըˡ
˵ʵı֮󷨣ҶҲЩԾģû뵽ǿᡣ
Ȼ򵥵ķ󷨶ܹ¶ԷǿһǾ˵Ҷε·ߵʮȷ
֪ķɹ󣬻ʲôЧأҶüͷһ
ҶһȻ𾪲ѵۣٺһЦֱǶȥһΪ򵥵ı󷨡
Сɾ£Ǻͯһ㡣ȴû˿Ĵ⣬˫۽ţһĨ͵ǵĹâ
ҹ̲סˣ˫һȻײŷɹ
ϧǷɹȻԼΪķʽޱȵؽĹȥˡ
⡭⵽ʲôЩɵˣûмɶ̺֮˿ֲȴܹƵģȴͷһμ
׷ʶ̽ţҪҳЩԸķ
ʱҶνڷɹϵʶ˲أ´һըָ
͵˼޵ķɹһ˲ըѿ񱩵Ҳûѹ֡
¡
ͬһžըŭ綼
ҶκٺЦźˣܿǿĲ
ɹѾҶεԭΪҲ㣬ɵҶγʶ˲䣬һ⡣
ͬʱըټܵĻأ
ޱȣޱȵܣкεȱ֣
Ѿۿˡ
Ҷδһ̳ʯɢȥ
ôǱ
ǰľҶЦˡ
ǷɹҪĿ꣬ܵıըҲ󡣴ʱһѾͷԭ˳ķ;Ȼֱըˣһͷʧ٣նɺɫˡ
ҺǸ壬ҪȻ۷϶ҪİɣҶβʧʱطŶ֣ܹðֵ֮ʶƬôңûɲˡ
ҶΣ㲻Ҫ̫ţɳƵغܹھҵĲ
ƽﶼǸ߸ϵģʲôʱᱻŪôң
ҾˣôҶԴһ¶һֺļơ
ӣ۳ױŭˡһ۸ɳܲˡ
ҶΣҪŭյţȫΪ۵ĺɫ⻪
ǵģǺɫ⻪Ǵ۵ĳ̶Խ˽ɫ⻪
ۣˡ
Ҷȫעϵع۲ŶԷãҪġ
ֻнһȵŭļޣܹó汾£͵ѧһ
ɣɣһЩɣҶ˫۾͸¶һӿ
ڽëߺβ߿ҶȫǸӣ
۵Ƣһֱãŭ˵ȻЩ춯ص顣
ҶΣȻҪ
ա
ۿ걩ߣͬҪǮһйţȻγһȻ
ܿ죬һڵĺɫ׵սʿɣűһŭ
ŭҶεĶĤо綼Ҫܲס񱩵ը
ߣΪ𣿡ҶЦһǱں϶ķʩչ
Ҷε岻ϵرţΧٵز׳Ҫ֮ҶβŲ˷ء
磬񣬻ʲô
һ̣񱩵ҶΰǱȴûжˡ
ߣȻˣССֶΣΪϷ㡣һܹʰ㣡۵ͺһŲٵ


1193 ֮
ڼ䣬۵壬Ҳ˺ڼսʿߡ
ҶβмһЦ뷨ؿǲͬȻ˵Զȱ㣬ʺϵǷء
ڼսʿ˫ǰһĨһǹ֣ɫǹ˸űɱ⡣
ǹһâ¶
Ҷѧһαֳһɫǹ
ǹǱǺڼսʿĳǹҪ֣
ɱ
Ҷεͺһȷˡ
ǹֱֱǰ壬һâռ䶼ˡ

һɳдһ˿ζ
أ
ǹǹ⾹Ȼû˿ƫײһ𣬿񱩵޷Ƶס
¡
ǹΪԭ㣬ΧһУ֮ⶼٵΪĩܳȥ
ˬҶ˫һ۵ĥЩ
ǹϵҶνǹİʩչ쾡£Ȼڼսʿѹ
ܳܵסȵ裬һһǹ֡
˫ǹ۽ǹˣܲ͸磬ǰγ磬ɱųҶΡ
Ҷεֳǹ˫Ȼ˿ûȤһֱۡ
Сӣ㻹ܲʲôʱ򣡡۴һһ˫ǹȻ׳⣬֮нǰУϵر任λá
ǹγɵıҶεʶ޷жԷľλá
е˼ˣҶһΪһҲˢˣڿ֮ǿ߹ȻǴţġ
ˢˢˢ
Ҷεĳǹ̳⻯ųȥһƱˡ
¡
ײٴγ֣â໥ţٵĵˡ
Ҷεؿϵţ»Ϊһ˿ĲԼڰ˵ĵز
ۿ뵽˽֮УҶһڰ⡣
˵¶ͬЦݣȻš
һ̣Ӱ۵ĸͨԵڿնŰСĵֱӱƥĿ¡
۴ʧɫĳ˿ûз֡һֱɵĵطô̵ľ֮ڣ޷ЧĹܶ
ڼϻиҶţ޷
ѣһ֮۴ɲΪʧܰ
ëһһ죬ֱӻһ޴ƣץȥˡ
˵սûСϵ¶һȥë߲мغߵΪһһֱǲٿŵĿһȻʲôɫ
˶ֱţһȻٲ˵ˡ
ϣҲж֮ģ
˭룬ѹͲֱӺôһ仰еͨԵƳ

죬ǿĹԶӦеʵ
Űֱ㶵ؾײ۵ϡ
һ٣һ̾ͱҶθռϷ硣
ȥɣҶδһǹ׳βȥ
ǹֱ۵ŶȥۿžҪеʱۼǣһ࣬ôµۣӲؽⱩһ
꣡
ǹƤ⣬ȴǱӲޱȵĹסˡ
СӣҺΣۺٺһЦֳǹ£ֳǹһ㣬һǹ
Ҷһ࣬ÿǹæ׷۵ǰ
ȥɣҶδһƾȻҪֱһư۸
ŭ꣬Ѿ֪˵ʲôˣⱲӶûĳ谡
һ󱲸Ūҵ
ˣ
ռȻһ۵һ£ŴӺڼսʿֱӾͳˡ
֮أ۰ؿţֻԼ嶼Ҫըˡ
Ҷ侲һжڰļһǰߡ
۽ڼսʿֱӸ棬ԶʱӣҶӴˡ
һԳǹȺ֣ϵشҶεҪ
һɫĳǹҶȣǾһ룬ɾһķ룬ҶζҴ⡣
񻨣Ҷδһɫ˲֣ҶӴÿһλ
ãʹȻǵӦ֡
顭
һײҶΰȻһƾͰѻ۸ķˡ
Ҳû뵽һᱻΪ˸ķɰɣĸоǲǷǳˬҶεƲˣһԷߡ
Ҷʵ޷һɱ˵˶ԷҲԹۡ
ղֻǳһ¾ֱӱˣֶθûˡ
ôһҶβŶԷ᲻
棬ҪˣǾ鷳ˡ
֮ǰҶεܾΪ֣ЩȻٷͬĴ
ȻҶεϤ֮£Щ÷Ĵ󣬻Ҫġ
۴ӵϢ˲ϵıŭʧӰˡ
һҶüһȻ۵һɱֲϢݳƺʵ
ôŭˣҶЦһ
ɶԷȻһ仰Ҳû˵ֻǻ̧֣ңңָҶΡ
ҶαܵҪߣȴȻΧĿռ䶼סˣ
һ̣Ҷֱǰ󷨣Ѿ֮ǰǼ򵥵󷨲ͬˡ
󷨵ֱű
ˣ
ɽţҶθղúõ󷨣㿪ʼҵĲƺʱ
⡭Ҷ΢΢ЩԾ۾ģ
꣡꣡꣡
ҶμףǰĵһѾʼ
ѷٵس֣ȻѸӡ
̼䣬һ󷨱
֮ǰ󷨣ȻɵؾͱˡҪǶԷվ˶ֱ۶ѡ
꣡
ڶԸӿٶֱӱõ󷨲ѡ
ģȻʵҶɫЩѿȻⲻǶԷʵԼ̫ˡ
ͰѶԷеǱԷʵ϶ǲԼġ
ͼĴ󣬾ȻҵϳˣЦð
ҶľԼЦһֱԼϻޱȣִûзأ
ɬЦһҶ˫һۣɹ£򿪷󷨼ٺ󳷡
ˢˢķ𣬿һ̣Ҷεֱֱײ˺󷽵͸ǽڣ
סˣ
ˣˣҶԼζû뵽Լᱻס
Ͼ磬ɲߵĵ̡
ߣӵоԵȨڵʮֿɱ
ôǲǾúܳԾǲǾߣǾԵ񣿹Ц۵Ӱ¶ʱɢŹĺڰɫɫʮֿ¡
Ҷһƽסӵ侲˵ǺǣȤҵǲ˵˵
ķݶϣϷΪһƺгһЦ˵ѣֻͼ磬ǿ˵ǸЦ
绹еȼ
Ҷüͷ΢΢ţƺˡ
λʲôûеȼһжеȼһжڰռȶĹִС
һչߵʱͻ֣һϵеС
ǴӺζأ
˵ĳߵı˼
磬Ҳǳߵѣ
۵һ֣Ҷξ;û䣬ãã֮ƺһ˫۾ض
ʲô飬öôֶ߳أ޷ܿһ˫۾ġ
ѵ
ĵȼָжô£


1194 ֮
ԴСӣȥɡ
ۼҶһģﰵޣСԵǲһжѾˡ
־ٴγҶָȥ
飡
ǲ
Ҷٴκݺ͸ռϣȫѣƺҲҪˡ
Ҳҵ磬ƿص磬һġҶ˫۾Ŀٷš
ҪƻҪ⣬Ȼļ󡣲һֿܹã
ȥԼһʱ䣬ܹӭת
Ҳ˵ˣⲻǵ͵ȼ磬Ϊǵ͵ȼ磬ӡ
Լ˳Ӧ£Ĺ򣬱Ȼܹǿ

Ҷδһ˫һһɽ󸫳˫С
ӿɽк˷˷·޼᲻ݡ
ȥ
ɽ׳˲⻪ţʱնٶԽԽ죬ʱ⣬ȥ
ëߣβɫһ䡣
û뵽Ҷ׵ĵֵסˣûбס
Υ
Ȼʵǿ󣬵ȴҲ̫Υռ⣬˵˿̲һ߷ֻΪҶʵ΢ʱԴһ⣬ǿƵҶ磬˳ƻɱҶΡ
ҶûбѹЩϣǿƷٴγϡ
æȴ˷ܹնɱСӣò˶Ҳɢ
Ȿһ˵һǧ˰ٵĴ򷨣һ߷ǡ
ֻ˭û뵽ҶξȻܹƾ֡
Ҷо΢΢ȴʱΧĿռЩɶȫ߶һһ׹У˫£һ۳ɼ

ʸǣٳȥ

Ҷ
ҶβȥǷ˺ֻľ޴󣬷·֮У̧㶼ҪķѼ
Ʒγ۷ȥ·ȫ

гһֻ޴ƣס
ҶζʱΧĿռϾҲʱܱơһڱѹסʱӿ

һ𣬿ռϺȻ۽ǵѹȫɢ
ԭˣ
ԭˣ
һжеȼ֣֮һжҪع
˳߲еġҡ⣬֡
֮٣Ȼܼġ
ҶҲݣһѾ㹻ɲжԼֽͨĲΣضԶ
ȥҶβʣԻΪŭֱһһ˳ǹУڵһ㣬ӳۼɹȥ
ޱʹޣȫһȻûЧ
СΧֻСм档
Ӳݣ
ΣٴγǹǹĹڤ֮ǹ֮ϣ΢΢һǹҶεĳǹӭ
ʲôֶΣ
ҶβҴ⣬гǹͶԷǹײ˲䣬ٴ߶
ĹƺӵɵĿֲһӴҶα㷢Լһ㡣
漴ҶθоԼǱԷɣǱƫжط
Ȼã
Ҷһ˼˫ǹϵĹⶨȻһ󷨡
Ҷжϣǹһ˦ٴκ˫ǹײϣͨϵĽӴ֪еİ
Ȼ·޻ϲĸоҶоԶԷֶԽˣʱŵס
ͻȻ˫ǹ£ΪһǹǹĹ˲仯ƣǹϵ硣ȥ
ղŵĹͼҶһɱ
Է˲ʢҶﾪæĵӿǹԷײ˹ȥ
һǹǹ
ҶθоԷȻֻһǹǹ֮Ժȥɴִ޻ϣĸо
΢΢֪һǹ·ֻǹۣǹγһУԼһǹպû޵С
Ҷæǹջأתղ͵ѧһЩйʽһߵԷһǹͬʱٶȸ
㣬ȴһǹȻЧƺ˱޿ɱܣֻӲƴ
۸о̳ĳǹһȫķӣɫ䣬֮ǰҶλᣬ˿ȴѧˣȻʱ͵ѧû뵽СӵԾȻ֮ߣ
ȫӿƱҪһҶΡ

񻨻Ĺ˸ҶοһѪ˳ȥ
ϲæ׷
һǹ̳Ҷʺ
Ҷ۾Ȼȴûзųĵƣֶֻ󷨡
飡飡飡
ѣٶȷֺɱ
ǹ̵ҶǰǰʱҶǰձ̶̵ľƺһ磬ǹױ㱻ƫȥ
ոһǹҶֻǲִʹйʽ񻨵ǿЧ
ղһᵽǹ˸Ҷζйʽ˿ȫʹ㱣󷨵Ļ壬۵ĳǹȻûִδеİԵ
ۣ
۵ĳǹҶεĲӣ档
ҶһͦվǹٶΡ

Ҷδһǹʵ쳯۴˹ȥ
һǹ֮ǰѧǹٶƫȴһǿ棬޴ܡ
۳ǹһֱӭ
飡
ǹǹ⣬â
˸ӵͬʱ˳ס
ٽһǹҶδһٴͦǹ
һһҶžڶԷΨһɵǸղͻȻӿĹ
Ҳ˲Ѫӿٶۻ
ۣ
ǹײĵطƺըˣĳ۵ǹһãƺܲסҪ
Ҷٶȴһӿ볤ǹٶȺȥ
飡
ֱӱĺһ²ȡ

ҶһȣٶȺֱײȥ
ߣ
һԣëߣβ̲סһ˿ĺҪˡȻôһ£ʵɳܡ
˲ûгֵ˼Ƕ˿Ƕһ˾ܽҶʰˣҶֳʵΪˡ
һκֱӱ˳ȥ
УгǹֱɢȻѾǹ
ҶοɲҴ⣬ٶȳϼۻѾȫս֮

ҶһץסԴȡԷ
ţԶһչǱ֮ɫͻȻ䣬оķԷǿȡ˱˵Ĵ衣
ͺһһǿ˹ȥ
޷̫߷ǵ˵Ķ֣÷Ա˳ǵˡ
ҶβһᣬֻһоĵոѾõܴ󲹳䡣
׽۵ȫʳһĪо
漴ӿһȫƿصıӿӸܲס
⣡ҪԱҶﲻʣȴҲ޿κΣһŽ߷ɣӵɳȥ
¡
һը˵ǹ⣬Ϊɢ֮С
ʧô죬˻Щڻصţ·ûдڹһ㣡


1195 սս
ʲô
Աˣ
ëߣβȻ۲ҶεĶˣȴҲûҶܹ۱ȵԱĵز
Щ˵һȻ޹ؽҪҲƣϾҲҪһѪġ
ۿ۱ʰˣ䲻ȴҲﲻ
Ҫǣ˰ʲôˣǿǳԽ˰֮Ƶǿڰ
ǶһţնҵĲ£
أ
ǿߵķȴֱӱҶθȵԱˣ˿Ķˣ
䣬ʱ̣Ҷνߵԣ۵ԱŪǶЩǱڼǰ˵ԱҶΰһջĺܡ
ëߺβ˻ƹﶼһ˼
жвԸõ˼˶ŽѵСԳ֡
ͻأë߳Ҷγȥһ֣βֻվԭء
ʰҶôһСһ֣ͬɶǸ
Ҷڵȴˣ۵ջĴ󣬶ں˵Ľʮڴ
ëɱǹһӭϣΪǿëеľѧȳ
һǹٶȣﵽһкϡ
Ȼ˲Ϣ䣬ë߻üԷֱ
˲䣬ҶθоǹһЩ쳣ѧ۵ĶƿطʽжԶԷĹЧ˿̣⼸ë߸ҶεĸоȻġ
ôܶģ
ҶλֱΪɨýë߽
ۣ
ǹһɨüëߵӰʱɢ
ȫǼٵģ
ܣ
Ȼ䣬Ҷͦǹɨȥ

һ죬нӴҶ˳˳
šëߵվղڵطһϸ
ģƺЩǡ
ëģ
ӦãëӵͨʵȻ󳬳ۣ˵λԵȵ˿һͬǰ𣿲ܡ
Ҷ˼˲䣬Ǽë֣߳ÿһϸ
ϸҲᣬ佣˸ĺ⣬һ̹ݿֻ࣬ûʲôܹ
ҶβҴ⣬󷨣Ȼͦǹ趯
ͬʱ֮ǰѧĶԿռõƿأγһصķ
øոɣһз·ͻʱһ㻮˽˲佫ողµѡ
ҶκȻٶ̫ˣ֪Էôڡ
ͻһʱҶԸоеĴЩɬ·뵽һŸֹСҪֱͻСЩѡ
ʵϣֻǲգ۵˲䣬Ѿͻһķ̶̵һʱѾ㹻Ҷν㡣
ǹǰӼٺˡ

죬Ҷθоν棬Ȼеȥ
Ȼڴӹһ٣Ҷȴɵ
Էôģ
жô죿
ȻжԷ䣬Լ޷һʱöԷ޷
η
ÿζһÿռγɵķֻҪԷΣԼȻܲס
ȫڱµķأƷֻʱ⡣

ײҶٴ˿˿ˣȴҲ˵˿ڣ񻨻壬ֻ±۰Ҫжһ
ԷôƶģǼת
ˣٶȿޱȣ޷˷ӵʵԼǶ֣ԷҲܺһʵѷɫԼΪ顣
ȻԼˣԷûԼɵô
Ȼ䣬ҶһѵЩԼʵģֻһã
Ҷһ˼ţһСĽ䱸ţǹͦǰʱܶǰҷ
ëﰵЦԷӵʵޣһЩرԻСӣСҲѾ㹻
һΣǼӰҶ
Զβ߰ͷСʵǲģ̫ȱֶ̫٣ɵСӶ˵̫ײˡ
ŵͬʱ뵽ղŵۣΪģΪ޵
ӣҲǱʤǿı
Ǽ֣Ҷһȴûų֣ڸղţΪȻ˲ܵëߵͻϮ
һ֣Ե˵ͬʱȻеĵ¶š
ںëභֻǺͽëһˣʵȴҪȺŹ̬Դ
ȷˣڴ˿̲ܽȷˡ
⣬Ҷȡ
Ȼ̶ԼΣ֮Уٿܴһ˿̵ĻᣬһֱǿӲ壬һӮĻᶼûС
һгǼղһֵͬĽëеһ
Ҷûг֣ڵȴ
֮ǰëʱѧ۶Կռ乹ɵһϣܹԵֵסĹһʱѾ㹻ֵĶ
Ѿͻ㻤󷨣󷨾Ȼûа㶯ѵȴҲӦ
ô£ôһ
أҶһٵģԼʵǸǰýԼǼٵģõģƴڶʵϲڵġ
ҶȻˣëܹӪüﻹ֮Ϊ飿
ԭղŸоɻԴ
ӰǸӰӣԻûһ㹥Լ֮ǰӼɵȻԼ˵ʵˡ
Ҷϲѣʱ㻤˲ѣǰһռͬʱһ󲨶
Ҷ֪ˣ
صһǹɨǳ˿ȥ
ҶλҪٴѰӴȷԷĸЩֻӰӣëȴûˡ
УȥԼ֪Էôֻһֱڱ¡
ʤ
һԣβüѣСѵһֱڱʵô˲󣬻ܹأ
һ£ëƾһʼѹȱܹԷɻУܹһʼ͵Ϯ󣬺治˵ȡʤҲѰˡ
ԼͽëһսҲЩɥ֣ǿԼľŤתƣ׵ĳŹȥˣԻһֱ
ëҲоˣĪѾ˿ԼĹѾ˷֮ߣ
ףûУ˫תסܣ֪ԼҪӺδ𹥻ȻԼɵ
ߣҾ˵һϡȱĺ󱲣һ˿ļһʲôǿʵǿʵ˭˷ǳİȻ
һӰ˸Ȼë߻뵽Ӱ֮С
ʮͬʱҶδ˹Ҷﲻϲٴηˣ
·û䣬ûзԼѾʶ˰ɣ
ʮдҶδ˿̷ˣд䡣
ûзӦٵģӰ
ӰӰ
ˣѣ
ҶθоһٶȱȸղǼ࣬⻪ȫȴϢƿ˻󷨣ת˲ǰÿռ䡣
ҶԸоëڴ̳ʱ죬и٣ȫһͼ
ҶγǹæڣȴǺܴ
ղǼζײѾ֪Ȼݿ࣬ȴƾٶȣʵǶֻʷҲܹе


1196 ʣһ
һᣬǹֱӽмס
ȻǹһҶλȻĿɷƺһܹ̳̾ǧٸӰϣȫסĽë߹ȥ
һβУҶ˲䱻򽣴ġ
ﲻһϲ漴㶣СȻǳΪǣȴҲ˾ͱ£Ⱑ
һ̣ͿҶһ˶ûܣǰǸë߳ȥ
ʶ˽ëֶΣ
βȻһ
ôᣡôܣ
ܿƣôô죿
ҿƣһõһȦס
ëղŻЩûڣԼӦý뵽һȺУСģֻǱԼȵĲظѡһȫˡ
СѾˣäˡ
ҶλȻЩڱ򽣴ʱɫһ㶼ûб仯ҼסԼк˳ƾͲʱˣԼֶѾơ
һ֣Լˡ
ЦԼղŻΪԷһǰΪҲȷԼһ
æˣҶ᣿
ǹһֱëȥ
һ糤һǿȻƥΣڹЧͬ״̬µıУڶٵѹƣҪնҶϳǹܡ
ƣȻջ
ҶζȻƶûʲô棬֮ǰδ⣬Щ
ë߹
ҶЦܹԼĹ
ǹƼͦȴ˲仯ָᣬ·鶯ĶߣֱӴ˳ȥ׼׼ڽϡ
߽סҺһֱ۴
ҶǹжԷ˲ٴ߶뵽ڣƻԷֲ
æˣͬʱβѳ֣
Щˡ
ҶﰵϼһȻ˲ݣǸβ߻᲻֣
ȻԼռϷ磬һ۰ѾʧȥãֻҪԷһʱ䣬ֱͨ۽ָܻȫս
ӵʱԽֱ۵Խ޸ʵԷӣʱԽԼĻʤϣԽ
æٹȴҲͬʱֳһβߵͻϮ
ʱΪ⼸϶ڼǰݣ̫ˡϣ˵Ĳ֣ԲǴ˵ѡ
ҶνߴˣβҶεڴ˿̳ɢʵȻһ㣬ʲߣպܳɳȻǸС
ڳ֣
ҶοβЩ⶯ʱ˼֣һֻ֣ͬȫ˵ĻᶼûУҪˡ
һЦܹͬʱλǰһս泩ޱȣȻȴҲֵˡףɱ
һҶ⻰һϲС˿ף
ߣ
ҲЦ˴βָͣʱ
ѾоұϴѹѾܲסѾʼӣһͻƼ谭ʱʹõĿɾͲֹһ۰ܿơ
ʱȫΪҶ󱲵Ĳˣ֪Լ󱲻ܣպﻹѣ
β֣߱ȴڴ˿ͣ˽Ų
˲ԼδܻɱԷԷȻһ˰ҲˣԼվǷֻܷӳһʵ֪ˣҲ̾츳׿ȵѣԼȻȴҲ
֣ܹ׻ɱ˶Էãأ
ȥɳ׳ˣá
ߣҸԣףԼѲɶԼûģ
˿չֳʵҲԼһЩδزܽ¡
ͨЩβһ΢΢˺˼
ҶɣҪβ֣߳ƿɾʹΪˡ
ɫ䣬βôظڣʵ׿
κһ˺֣ҪݣʱҿǷڡ
Ҷμ߷ȫȻȫһ
Ȼβ߲֣ʲôЩܣһŵ㣬ҲǸȱ㡣
߱ͷģ״⣬Ҷ⼱ٺǿһʱȻֵסӳ󵹷ɳȥбѪ
Ҷæ׷ϡ
㲡Ҫ
һǹ̳˲佫ڵϵĽһֻƶס
߽סҽһӲǱһ֣֮˿Ҳ˿֣Ҳ˲ұǹ٣ȫҶκȥ
̶
Խޣڼװʱ䷴Խǿ
ҶһǹӲûǰ˫һٴУڵϵĽȥ
䡭
ڰкͽߵ㣬˲촷ۡ
߼һȻһ㶼ûЧԼ˼ȫԷס̾Уڿ֮ӣ
һʼغóʵʵƾ辭飬ܶԷδûпܣ
ۼҶγƺҪԼѡԱ
Ȼ˼ӣҶֻǰûǰѾ޷ٿأ֪ٲԱҪҶˣԱ
ҶβƣղŶɣôԼԱȻѡ
ҶԷԱԼһ£ҶοɲΪôһӬͷС⣬Լյأڻһβߴڡ
ھʣһˣҶЦſβߡ
ˣҶĴҾսƿ硣
ߣβһ͵һΣ˲ҶԣѸ
ۣߵʶСҶһܶԷûԼôףȫˡ
ҶԲӦ䣬ǹһ֮ȫס
춯ܵһʱյ
βЦһٶ˲ٴ֣ͻƽҶ׷ȦڣҶ
һ糤һǿ
ʲôʱơ
ҶκȻٶȣȻǽ֮¡
顭
ǰ˲䷢ͼβƳȥ
ȴββͻȻ𣬶ǹ˸һͶ
͡
ûа㹦Ч˲䱻ơ
ҶδѧģǰһշҲ˲䱻ơ
ҶθоƺΪȴּʵޱȣշӰ첻ֺ
Ҷæˣǹٻذڡ
Ҫβͣȴ˲仯ղǰʵޱȣͳǹӴ˲˳ųǹ
һɾӳǹϴǹҪֶɡ
䣡ҶδһǹٶȻߣǹ⻯ͷββ͸ȥ
βһǺβ͵ߴڡóδĵ
βٱ䣬ƺûκλΣ˳ȴ࣬·һ˸ıӣ΢΢һıӰ


1197 ʧ
ž
ǹ⻯ͷ˲䱻顣
ţҶӱһǡ
Ȼ񻨻ţȴҲоʹޱȡƺ鼸Σ޷ּˡ
ոȴӰƴ󣬽նڸסˡ
ʱҶһֺѹǳݵĸоıӰ·ŨܵƲ㣬ȫ֪β
Ũҵѹȴ
ܹ䱾壬ӰͻʼմڣԼʱ̲ƣֱ󱻻
ϣҶδһ˫ָ߾٣˫ȥ
һ೤˫ִ󽣳ҶС
ȻӰǿѹնӰһʮᣬζΣ
趯Ҷȫ߶´Ϸð೤â£ǡ
ҶӭǱӰն˹ȥ
ͣ
նϣַ·նǧ˿ķ˿ɨŨƲһ͸
β߲Һһβջء
˲䣬Ӱɢ
Ҷֳִ󽣿ȥֻββͶһأʺѪҺ
ģҶһƺЩ򵥣ȴȫǶʱİգǶεĿӦ䡣
ľ˭ƿؾơ
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Сһϸ˴𰸣磬Ҷ

ⲻڿЦİɣ
Ҷһۣ粻ǰ׽еģǵóĶ
СһθڣҶξȻЩĸоǰ弸ֵȫɵټԼĲСǸ޵׶
磬Ǹָвٺöҵ㶫԰ɡСһգ۴۾һޱȴ۹⿴ҶΡ
ҶŲܣʹһ㣬ԼĴָ
ವһСһﻹûҶηӦҶεĴָС


1201 С
ɰҶθˣҪָ֪пкܶΣƷֵҩִ½ϺƷиֵҩģЩкܶжи߱ʵΣƷ
Сɱȥ֮ʲôҶǳ鷳ɾͲˡ
Ҷεĵʱ򣬾ָǲǲһ죬ûҶô£СŹԲĶӴӴָмˡ
ô£ŵãԶҪˣ
Ҷ̲סָһСҶεˣС׳ʲô
뵽ҶθϽ򿪴ָۿһҶεɫʱɫ˺ɫ
һͨԵʲôûˣ
ĺöСһɨգ༸ʮ꣬һ»صƶǰ
ҩҩģϣƷ˿ȫСĶˣ
ҶθоԼڵѪ۾ɵԲ붢סС
СһֻСצŹԲĶӲסһҶ׺ݵĿ⣬ȻһãͼĶӸOO@@죬ԲĶϱȥһСȦ
㲻ôңûˣҶˣǴҲûˣСһֻ۾ҶΣֱ׳˵
ⷬʱҶοЦãԼѹһղ˵Сһƣл޴
ԼϱҶξ;ʹһָֻ߸߾ۿžҪСһԴϴȥ
Сһ˫צһԴ۵һͿ޳ˡ
۰Ҿͳ㶫ʹңģۣۡ
Ҷ꣬Ĵ̲֪ˣɱСһһƢҲûС
߸߾ֻ֣£Сһͷ¡
ֿɻûȥǺʲôȫ̵֪㵷ûȫ̵ģΪŰأҶֺֺЦۣһʱ䶼֪ôԴСһˡ
СһһҶβˣСצ뿪ԴһܵҶǰԴҶεĿȣ磬ʵǶˣŻôĶҪɵĲȥµĲʱǿöݺݸһƱʲôˡ
ʲôݺݸһƱ
ʲôùӣԴﶼʲô
ֱǵ͵Ĳ갡Ŷ󣬸¿ɻ˵ã
ιιιɱҸ簡ҹ㣬ɴҽˣѶңǿҵѪһİҶЩ͸βͬʱҲСһθڸŻˡ
Ҫָ֪еĶ̫ˣĲ˵ЩҩԼȫȥδܹСһһ㷴ӦûС
Щϣкܶ඼ʮֿ񱩵ĸ߱Ʒܵһͻҵıը
СһȻϤգҲ̫˰ɣ
磬۵ĵطɡӲʺĵطûöԣҵкöĵطúùòã
˵ţСһôԴͣĦҶε˫ȡ
ôĻ뷢ƢСһǸŪӰˡ
ȣϱǷģСһҿԣһҪ֪ôǰǬޣ̫ˣ֪˻ûȥԺͽСѰɡҪԵ㰡ȻͰ˻ҴָеĶ
ҶθоԼеƭδ˵˼ҪĵСһǱһٱָĶųӹģһϼӼۣ
ΨһЩȱľСһ̫ܳˣɿڣϵĶܸ⣡
СһһҶˣʱ˷ܵطһ
ҮҮˣ磬ĶȥԣСѵˮĴ۾ˮһ㿴ҶΡ
ҶκݺһĭһС˵ԳԳԣ֪ԣͶ̥תģҪפĺöԶ࣬㣡
˵꣬ҶΰΧȫˣҿЩ󷨵ĻʯڣҪǷŵָУƶҪСѸˣǿǳͨԵʲôʣˡ
ҶδСѣСĵط
ǬźڵĵطӱҲġΪڻ˵ƴ̼¸˻ƴĶײѾΪƽˣӱʬҲʧûˡ
ҶŸһļ䣬ƾƾһҶδСѵ˰
ڹʯҶ飬ȴû뵽ֻΡΡӦһû¶档
Ҷе֣ȴС۾ɵԲŴʹڹʯҡҶҪֹѾˣСͬţһ㾹ȻټڹʯҸ̵һ롣
ˣҶθϽȥסСѣ޲ðѶĶСѵٶȣһĹܰеڹʯȫɵ
ΪʲôҳԶСѾίŽߵڹʯСͷֱ촽
ⶫǰϢĻûڹʯңûһܹҵĵط˶˵ĴڣͻɥġҶ֪ڰʶֲһЩһЩܣԶԶ
Ҫ٤ǣڹʯҽǳҪĳɲСѸˡ
ҶξСѣٳڹʯңǾͲȥפˣʱʲôöûóˡ
˾棬СͷӦˡ
Ҷεһٴߴ£ڻ¶ˡ
Ҷ֪ĸ֪ǷǳģСĶ˴ڣͨǸоͻܣԼסֲСѣԲŻ״
һ£ǰ飬ǸҰµġСѣǺúʶһ¡Ҷ뻺һգȴС۾һɱ¾ɫǻһţ
ӣȣȡ鼸˵˺ô£ź˾
Ҷ뵽ߵĵȼʵ̫ˣڵȼɭϵ޽УͲʲôԡСŶӵĸλߣ˵λİ飬Ǿֻһ뷨ԵӡڰԣֻɶԷԼԵ
ǲ࣬ķ
ǿʳֵ֮쾡¡
ʲôѵû˵ĻôҶδܳССһǣЩرҪҪɵġȻСѳɣҪѹֱǲܵˡ
СгɫҶεָֻͫˮֻŰ黹˹ӡ
ҶһС֣֪СһԸԼĲɵСı֣̲סЦһƣûϢʲôųԣģǵפأԸġ
СˣСצӲߵĿˮתһߣȥ飬Լ̲סȥѰˡ
Ҷ˵ҲôˣԼˡǰҪסˣ٤Ǹغˣ֪ô


1202 սʿ
ûСѵעӣԺõ㣬Լͷ޿־ĸоʵ̫ˣÿһϸսǸһ㷴ضûеĸо
ҶεĻϽشӣһᰴķԸúøغ٤ǣء
ҶͷˣڸһЩֻܷҪµķڼϰһСС٤ǣ⡣
˵ţҶڰԶһһЩܷҶͨʶӡ˰ԺС
Ҷδ˼ܣЦежļˣҪҵУĺܲҵġ
һ죬ĵ˭ҲϵĻǸֲļһַܰҳԵʣ
ϽæͷӦ֮ɫ
Ҷνϣ׼СߣСȴȻ˰ǰСצһ죬˰Ķͷϡ
ʱڰϸֳһССצӡһСצӡزˡҶοܵСצӡ̺ޱǿƣӡǿŰ֣ʹжݵĿʹǬ޵ļʱ䡣
û뵽СһﾹȻĺġ
ֻҶһԸ뷨С˵ȻǸҸ죬ҲǸһ졣ҲϴˡҲҪĶΣգֻҪҵӡһûʲôڸ鷳ҵֺţ׼û¡
˵СѴ̴˵֪ôźϴôǾǺúƬҵ˭̾ͱȻȡѣһС֣󲿷ֶҪŸҸңʲôʱһҪģҪˣİˡ
ĸ˵ģͷ絷һţλСϴ󲻸ˡ
ҶӺߣȴǲ˵ʲôְСһžߡ
ȵ뿪˰飬ҶΰСһţָС˵С㣬㶼ǴĶѧģСձѣᰡⶼǲΪ֪ô
Сѵɴ۾˵磬ɣЩɶǴԺмȡȻҵʶγɵģôܹأ㿴ǰķŪ˸۹ôһ󳼰ɣȻŪӿӣ˰ĿɶǸ߷
Ҷ촽ˣʵôܲף˵ˣձѺ͹˰һֻҵܹһˡ
ˣҶҲСѷˡһռȶĵطҶδСѷ֮С
ҶڵʵܹڲôͷƾǼзˣСֱڵ귽λȥ

һķԴأҲǵľ۾ӵأһʵ£ǵȴ㹻һҲԱʶʮǿͨһͥͻռݷԲĵطΪԼء
һʵ䲻࣬ռݵĵط㹻
֮ϣֻдһĺĳԱܹסͨԱֻΧĹס
ЩΧһЩֵľ·򣬱ΪĽأκ˲ý롣
ٵЩҶҲ֪еļɻ䣬˷еٶȡСѸоٶȼϴҶεĻĳҶεļϡ
磬ЩҪĵطôۣŨһؿܹſƤһˡ磬һΪƭأ˰ط治׸磡
Ҷθ˵ȴȻо˶ӰǸٷҶοʮɵľһԼ
ھҶΰԶľϣ͵ɢĿĹââɢòսʿ
վסǰռ䣬κ˲Դ룬ǰߣɾͱǲˣֱߵǸսʿ˵
ûҶ˵СѿɾͲˣֻѵˣбѵʱ
٣̥ëδδɵëСӣô˵أǼʼûи粻ȥĵطãһϽԶ㣬ȻǰƤųˣ
Сⷬǰʮ㣬̥ëδδɣ˵˭˵ԼɣңĻһҲûв˼˾úЦޱȣ
׵Ǹսʿ΢΢һüͷҶ˵СɣҪǿʵ̫СƾС˵ܹǵɱϽԶɡ
Ҷ֪СѵĻˣҲû취˵СѣΪ˼֮ǰǿѪţĴڣ͸ղǷźЦҲܿȴһҲû˵
սʿʵܹ൱ĸ֣һ尡ǽһʱ䲻ˣɾ߮ΧѲôǿ
Ҷһ˵λˣһһѺõ壬Щ¶ˣݷһǰλи㡣
׵Ǹսʿһ˵ˣߣѾжʱûˡ˲ˣһҲƵ壿ЦϽߣȻС£ɱԶ
СѴŭ۵ĶҸҸô˵ûѸҷﰡǲƤӽˣҪ̹̹
ҶζսʿĲмҲܲǵȺҲֻǿѹסŭ𡣴ǰʱһ˿ɲ˵Ļڿһ廹вõ򰡡
Сѣú֣
ҶǳһСѣȻ˵λͨһǰҪҪ˵
ױϵǸսʿЦˣʲôشʲô飬˵ˣƨ飿
ҶǿѹŭһðЦʲôʱ˱ôˣôˣҪ֪ǵȿǸ˷ǳѺõģ¸صǰҲġ
սʿһȻŭһһҶαƽ
ߣȻô֪ôҲͱǲˣ
˵ţսʿһһȻҶμ۶ͬʱұһӣʱӲӵĹâǵұмڱƽҶεʱ򻯳һ޴צơ
֣ҶηǳսʿĹֶΣĻʹõĹֶΣҶεԺзǳѵǸ˸һ廹ʲôϸǸ˾һˣ
Ҫ֪кܶĹܣҪģģ²ģֻԴḶܹ̌ѹܵľѧ
û뵽໹ܹϵó֣Ȼֵ֪Ǿ͹ԹԳֵζɣ
ױߵǸսʿЩΣЦŽûע⵽Сѵиһɹĺɫ
ҶԸоһɼΪǿҵıϢԼĺɢ


1203 ս
Ҷΰвã밲СѣȴñһᣬСѾҶεı
ӭսʿССηȥͼСһţ£һһң貵θɵˡ
սʿʱɵˣոջС̫֪ߵغΪСѶǵһָͷû뵽޺һСȻôֲ
սʿԼĹȿģԼĹܹݱܷâݱܷâ򲻵ǲӲӵġ
СһȻһڰǾ޴Ļצ̵ˣӷǵûܵӣ෴ĻЩܵ˼
ȵСзĺâսʿȻôһɳǵĺ⡣ָо˱ϵǰһɽֹҲԼĶڶԷ̾С
ɲǼ䣬սʿоһžǻŬǲָӡ
սʿ󺧣Ҳ޵ԣǾھԵǿǰֵĵֿ־ѵСһﾡȻһϵĴڣ
ʱСѸһ˿Ц⣬ǱߵĿˮεδС΢΢һ¶ĿɰСսʿǼֱа
ˣСѣͣ£ҶθоܵСŨŨı֮ôСֲɱַµĸ߰ǴǰһֱģκθðĴڣһҪ۵ģ
Ҷ֪СֻҪ֣Ǿʯ쾪ģǲһЩοǸðսʿأ
սʿΪ˲׾ͳ֣ǺĹɵҲΪҶλҪһùϵάָѵĹϵɱսʿȻǲսͼġ
Сһתͷ۾еĺâʢ磬ѵǵ˲ôѵǾộҲУһûйǰҰ
ҶüͷСǬޣһһֱǶ²аȫܸԼܣѾ
ѣҶҲ̫࣬СѽǸ磬ôҶξܽһСһҪ֪ΥͣԽǺ޵УܵͷͻԽҶοɲСһиҵĽ֡
˵ͣ£û˵Ļô㻹ĻˣҶʮƽ˫ۺηӭСźâ˫ۡ
ҶγƽУСеĺâˣָֻǸɵӣһҶߣŤͷսʿ˵ҪҸ緢ͱҵıˣٿǣ
սʿɴ⣬ĺˮǸմˮ̳һûСѵעӣǲظܹ
һСѺﻹͣϽǱԶˡ
ҶοЦһû뵽һ顣ҲҶףڲǷ˼Ϊ¶ˡȻʮֵ֮˵ǾԲᷢġ
뵽ҶθӼᶨԼһҪ߲һ̽ľģ
ҶΰС˺󱳣ǵķУΪǻСͣ㣬ҶκСѰȥ͵ģһ̫³çˣǱһʶֻҪԹԵģʱеǺöԡ
һأСûлӦָԶ˵磬սʿ֪ôһѵ֪ôô
ҶҲоˣ۵ӰԼ£һʱ䣬ЩӰ¶ò
ϰʮɳľգǷֽΧգۼͰҶκСΧ˸ˮйͨЩӰһùâ仯һսʿ
˭˭ҵҰѵϾȻô
˳ҶοһҪɵľɹҶǰϷҡ˼£仯һߴһɸ߰ս
΢࣬ѵôأһսʿҰôǸսһָҶΣ
ͲǲѺõĿˣһ裬ֻڵжʱŻõеĴʻ㣬ǰѶԷе˲ܻӭеȥ
Ҷεзһâ˵һսôҰף֪ߵغѵûǰսʿʲô³ô
׳彫ʱŭƵǼʿռû˸Ұ۶һ彫ˡ
ԺУ˵ﶼӦǱֳһɶĤݵĹ̬еԱǲɱµġԼԱǶӦõġ
Ҷε̬ȼŭ彫΢ץҪ֪֪Ǽʿռô֮˵
彫һ£ҶսʿޱҶγ˹սʿҲҶΡ
Ҷ֪˵гǿ֮һֻҪ׼µΪ磬û˭Ҹ˱ƴġ
˵ҶջޱȣСͣ㣬ƶΣӭҰսʿ
սʿ۵һײҶΣҶ΢΢Цսʿ˽ǰȻһ˫ȭڶսʿǶߵķһɳȥ
һ£սŸסˡ
Ҫ֪һ츳ľǿ;Եû뵽һ࣬ȻΪķʽսʿˣ
ôĵӣȻڱǰ֮˳֣ţ̸ɱܰ岻ϣ
彫ĻҶγջˣŲҪִû뵽ԷȻǲ֪ô䱾ˡ
Ͳ⻹ǸԺƽΪһּһô
뵽ҶλײΧӵϵսţҶ͵صڵܣǸ彫ȭ
Ѫ
ĿĺҶεұϹת˲ͱѪ꣬һƳ˻Ѫ֮иֳһ˶ͷ
ͷŴͣĿǸ彫ݺȥ
彫ҶεˣǹҶλһصģǱŽѵһ¶Է̬Բûʹȫ
ǣĹʽȴ̺һĹӰӣûһѪϵĴУǸʹġ
彫˫ǰһɲǼؿڴγһѤĹţ˫һƣѤĹӭҶͷųͷײ
һ죬ײ˾ҵıը
ڴΪпֲʱ򣬺ȻһССӰײĵطС໼ڣȻеɵˣ


1204 㳤
еսʿȫĿɿڴһʱ޴룬֪øЩʲô
彫ŭһȺûõĶŸʲôҳ֣ǣ
ʱսһģ˵װɣ෢ȻһĹӰӣ϶һĪĹɱ»кܶӵӰġ
彫ŭ㶮ƨָսѵ뿹ô
˶ʱս˭ҲеǿǿʱصɱϷ͵ʲôִУ
Ҷξϻ𣬿ɳֻأ彫һ˼ԼأҶҲܲ˵ġ
׺棡
ҶһȣȭͷϾһа籩ЩĿâ˲γĻУ˷սʿ
СѿιСĹʳһߣ֪ЩҶδģԼɣСһֱתȦ﷢ʮֲҽС
սʿιУʱһǿŤһİ
һЩϲսʿα壬ڿвϷС
ҶηȻӻһԾֱǸ彫˹ȥʱ彫ѾˣԼԶԶĶ֣һҡα壬ǵķ򼲳۶ȥ
ԱΪľ壬ٶȣ
ǻα壬ٶȼֱǵʯһ㣡彫ΪҶǲġǣȴȻоβ͵ĲλһĴ̹ǵľʹ
СһԾ׷彫ſСݺҧס彫βͣҡСԴؽק
Ϊǿ壬ȻСѵͬһСһҧסһϷļµĹ
ǲ

СӲ彫һβҧ໵һβȥţСٴγȥҧס彫塣
ء彫˳˻
Ҷջ쳣侲ϽСѸסʡ彫ˡ
飬ȫǾȡ
Ҷ彫һôˣôűϢң֮е׷ʲô飿
彫¿ʵˣҶеСһ˷֮ɫȺСͷԼߵѪǸож˷ˡ
ˣǸСһԼòãʵֲ̫ˡ彫ǸɫڲļһСһٿŰ֪ôҶ˵ˡ
ҶΰСѷŵ˼ϣȵʵš
Ȼְת彫
彫Ż˿Ҷ˵ˣʵҲǷ£е㳤µⳤǣ֮ɸһκε鷳һΧҪžֵ
Ҷüͷһ壬ȥûʲôģʵʩ͵ǰһϵȫжˣϿǱչ壬ϸ̺壬ǿɾͷǳֵˡ
һ嵮֮һޱ塣˵һڹʲô塣
Ҳǻһ㣬ͬΪεһŹͬ˼¹ۣߵһ㼶Ĺϵ
һȴͻȻն˸һϵ˵һڲ⡣صڧбͻ¼
ΪһȺȶʱǾԿݵġȻάԼҲУֹһ߽롣
ҶλʱԶһ˻ٸϹ
Ƭʱ䣬˾͵˽ǰЩ˵ĴҲսʿװͨжϣЩսʿĵȼҪΧЩѲߵսʿȼҪߡ
ףô£սʿûжҶǴҶǰ彫ѯʡ
׵ͷشմˣôأŻᷢġ˵ȻһʵҲѡ
һüͷתͷҶ˵࣬ΪʲôôأǷǳѺõΪ
Ҷμ˵Щִ磬Ѹղŵ鶼˵һ飬ʾԼûô̵ΪԼһǰսʿͨսʿͨǶȳֲŵĽ
˲ɵúݺһףҶǰôҲ˵ףĻЦġ
ȻǵгҾ͸ͨһˡţϾȥͨһ֣սʿɽ׾Ҫߡ
ȻΧϣӰҶε˵ķΧ
յɫһ䣬Ҷ˵ȱһܰɣ˹սŵˣ˼ҶˣŪûΣġ
Ҷɫ˵λֵܣǳĹݷһǰģҲʧ֮ѵһ徹Ȼ䵽ײǷǴĵزô
ˣɫȻһ죬̾Ϣȣڵһ塭ˣһԣ㻹Ͻ߰ɣιģһΧӵĴսʿ˾޷ˡ
ҶεЦһļٿֵĺܺðѾˣ˶ǰˡ
˵䣬ǧģʮɵľҶΧҶĸȥһߣĿľһսʿ
һɫĹâݵһ˽ǰ⻪ɢͼһ뷢׵ִһȨȣɨ档
һ㳤ϣ֪Ϊ£ҪԵﰡ
һ˵Źսŵսʿ˸ˣΪֹܹսŵִ³ϣӦôգҸķΧҶ࿪㣬ﻹֲʲô顣
ɫʱְ࣬Χ˵ȷʵ飬žԵȨ
մɭѾ֪Ҫʲô̲ס˵ϣ˿ҪҪгͨҿҰȥгȻ飬ɺã
һɫЦգδ̫ܵˣʥصΧҸ״һ˵㣬ʲôʴʣ
շŭ֮꣬ô˵ģⳤϣϵĹأ۴
΢΢һüͷ漴ȻʲôðôûִԼְʱ򣬲ܵԳС۴ҪȻʲôʧĵطΪִߵСѵͷβô
òţԽ쳣⣬һ򵥵̬⣬һְ⡣Ҫְ֪ԶҪ̬ġ


1205 ׵缼
һףոĻ㣬ĲҷˣҲã˵أҲҪ˵һ䣬ΪƹܣȨලְܲŵһˡ죬һǹսȨҪ˴ȥЭ飬ҵȨɣ
ЦȻȨˣ幰սΪԼ˱򣬴Ӷʧȥǣݺʹ֮ˣҲ֮еİɣЩ飬ԭҪⶫҲǲӵġ
ⷬǳĸսʿȻǶҲԭġϾսŵ˳Կȣ֮¶Ե˱Ҳǿġ
Ȼû˵˼˭öɣǴҲǺеġֻҪǶ֣˭Ҳұ֤ʲôĽʧɱĴ߲ǲģǴľ
㴦ôǿ϶ǰӸ߸߾£˵Σˣ۶ۡ
֮ٺٹЦǰ治˼ˣһã׺˵ͳܹսţӦнֵֹǵҲǲòչ˵ġ
˵֮꣬תսŵսʿĶֵǣҲˣǵ׽Ϊ赲һ˽뵽ʥض˳˵ܲһǵǵ˶һҲܵͷ
սʿȺ鼤ܣߺܣ
֮Цǰ治˼ˣֵߣҲûа취ˣȻ˵ɾͲÿˡ
һΧеĹսŵȫմǶʮķͻҪԴġ
㣬ѵôմȵ
ٺ٣ҲֵȺ鼤ܣΪܣҲҪʱƣֵǵ˵ţŶ֮ʹһɫ
֮ϻʮսʿһиһߣеĹսսʿͰҶΧ˸ˮйͨ
ٺٺ٣΢࣬ȻҵҰҪǲһϺڣеһдڶӦ֪һʵǾð⵽ĳͷ
֮ΪսܵĶӣȻܹڹսк绽꣬еĶ鶼еĹսսʿǰ磬Լġ
ƾӵ磬֮ڿڶĹսսʿǰԼ֮ˣָо֮ޱȵ
ߣҽ췸һǾһӦýˣ͵ýȭͷҶ俴֮꣬һһ˵
زӲ治֪ʲôܹ֮꿴ҶΣϳϷʵζ
СӣǷʰҿûҸ˼Ҹ˵˰ɣҸ˼ǣʵʵĹܱû£Ҫ㲻Ļʰ㣡Ļ㻹ܱǸô
֮ʱŭԼոձֳ֮Ӧ˽ԷɶСȻƿڴԼƻõȻ޴棡
Сҿǻòͷˣб¸
֮û뵽ԼǰԼˡСѱϾǸС㣬˵ģ˭ĿУⶼǸƨ²̣֮ϾǸˣδ̫ʧˡ
˭֪СѻԾԾԡҪҶֹĲ֪Сѻ֮ʲô
Ҷһ˵ʲô¾ʹɣл㲻˷Ѵҵʱô
֮ŭЦۣһ΢ྐྵȻ幰ս˵幰սбҪԼˡ
˵ţ֮һ̧֣һȻұмڰжȻ޴צһһҶκݺץ
ۣٹµ־ȻˣȻܹûΣսδҪٹˡ
ʲôطƨǳ׵壬ҲմȾϰ
ޣʲôƾٹֶΣǱССĹսܹҿһδҪٹ·ء
ֻҪͷģôƨͻԽԽ飬ԽԽûмˡһʱĸоⲻ˵ûаƽǰ飬Ϊϣڱеһı
䣬޴צѾҶεǰһأҶСѴţԼ΢΢ǰһӳȭѤɽ޴צ֮ϡ
䣡
Ƶ޴צҶκ޻ڵȭúȻѡ
޴צգۼ˽ӲӵƬڿө裬Ρ
еȫɵˣҶֳģǿľⱾӦþеǱʣôһϣ
֮ʱӦ֪ѶˣԷѾֲֳʵȥӴҪǲһֱûڹսˡ
һҪҶεǰһǣ
뵽֮걩һŤһŤԳԼ壬֮껹ǺʵԱı峤Ѿӽɣɢ޿صȻƣ
֮£һ죬Ҷξһ硣
Ⱥۣٹ¾Ȼ׵缼ܣкٳֵļܰٹ¹Ȼ츳δϣڰ
ǣһӵеĸּܴͬ׵缼ܹǰһģٹôӵļܣпܾһ峤߰
Щ֮ʣҶεǲÿһеĳԱҲŸԲͬ츳ġ
ͨ˵ոԪؼܵ츳ܹԪؼܵģڰһı
ΪԱ弫ΪǿҪԪؼܣҪʹӵ졣ԱǷǳųĶġԪؼܾ൱ǸԼϾ
һԪؼܵͣϾһԱɳѪʷܹԪؼܵԱһⶼȺеٮٮߣ
ΪԪؼܣܹȱԱʵ߳һ顣ƾ޷ѹԱһͷġ
ףǸһֵģΪûԪؼֻܶܳ䵱һսŵĽ޷뵽һĺŶӡľʵΪھԵʵǰûиҲġ
׵缼ܣԪؼģ˵һܹ׵缼ܵģϾһкеĺĴڡ
ʱգ֮ƾһ֣һ峤ߣ
ܿϧ֮ҶΡҶβĩգǣҶξ͵ͬԼ


1206 Ҫ
Ҷ俴׵Լ֮꣬Ȼƾ֮Լ塣
žžž
Ҷεϣһɫĵâ֣ҶӦǻʹ״ڿвϴ
ҶȴǶ׵Ȼһ㣬˫Ŀ̺ųЦ⿴֮ꡣ
֮꾪֣Լһֱ͵͵벻ĳ¶ôһ֣Ȼ˵ĿľȻˣ
Էӣûܵ׵ʹ࣬෴һ˿ܵζ
֮ôҲܲһ֣ϣŤ壬Ҷ˹
ҶЦһܣ鲼ʱϸֳһʥ׷֡
ƺƴ磬Ҷε֣һûн𣬾˲ʧˡ
ʶĴмңһҶı֣ʶԼĶӾԲǶԷĶ֮֡ѾͬﻢǶԶĻɺļĴ
뵽һ֣еĹսŵսʿȫһ뵽Ҷε
Щˣߴе㣬̫ˣԴһĸ֣Ͳ¶һԶӰıô
ٺЦ˵գʲôݣҲһˣб΢ðһϣӦòϧһдȥǵϣһ࣬Ǻξģ
˵ĵߵڰףɰոˣڸ㽲ѾˣΪսŵսʿѾɽХһӿҶΡ
ͼҶͨ屬һɴ۵Ű׹âһ·ԶźİŭΧĵҶε﷢
ŭսʿ˼Ĺͺһ˯µһһȻһйΨҶΨһڣ
ǰսʿپһѪ޿ɿܵѹǻֵսһҲ᲻
顭
һʧصսʿָ̻壬Ϊ޷ס壬ȫǱײһ
ҲԴѪѹ𺳣Ȼǻлǣַĵ׵ҪĤݵĳ嶯ȫ沿鴤յС
Ҷλɵ֮ߣһק֮Դ֮ŵûһ۾סͲҿҶε۾
ΪһĳԱҫʲôѵ㶼ô
Ҷζ֮⣬մһΪԱɶ֪һҫɵʲô
һĳԱ˵ʼҪ㡼ǣԺΪҫԳǹΪɡҫͽɣǰ˵˵˵ϡ
Ҳ˵һ֪࣬ӦһҲ֪˰Լôûӡأ
ոһŭһϣѪͳʮִѪܹ֮ġ˾Ȼı죬ѵһĴѪߣ
뵽жʱϲǱһƬԷһ崿ѪĴߣôղŶһУǾص£Ҫǰǿλ
һȼɭϵȺУλǿǳƤҵĴļƽԼԹߣҲҪܵΪĳͷ
뵽µĺյ亹ҪǮһð
Ҷμ֮겻һشԼ⣬ЦҵһҪҪġððʧʧɱһˣ˵̫̱ˡҪǲѵһ·ļһΪҶξģ
˵ţҶε˫жȻһ⣬Ŀ֮еսʿȫսս˵ǸҶζˣ÷¡
λߣƤңһĹˣҲƻ鴦һ£ֻĽһʡ㲻ԣ
˵ţҶβ絶ݺݲ֮Ĳһų˫ǿ壬Ҷεֵ¾ͺ񶹸һҶײ֮Ĳӡ
Ҷһץס֮һ
㿴Уɫɷ״Ҫ
䣬֮귢һһĳİҶֺݺһקһ˳
֮ڿл鴤ŰԶ֡³һ˵Ȼȷģ֮꣬ͬһйƤһ޷Աһˡ
ɵ֮ߣ׵ѪĦŶӵޡ͵أԹҶΣݺ˵㾹Ȼĺ֣Ϊ˸۵ģ
Ҷεһ㣬ɨһΧŵ̱һŵսʿЦƾʲôҪҸۣƾʵңΧŹҰû뵽ҵ黻ȴǻԹһ̫ˣ
˵ţҶ۾»صϣŨŨɱ
㣬㡭Ҫʲô㱻ҶεһȻʶֿɲΣԶţǸӲĻ㲻ûʹɱ֣ͲֻֻһзϵĶӣԼͶӵЩˡ
տĳϽΧôɶ񣬱ϾһԱǷҲӦһִС˵һɾͶˡ
λѣԱеֲ̧֮Ҫƽϡ˵ҪҪеĳôҴȥг롣
˵һĶҶԳһ£ûж㶯֣һȭ˾ʹ·ˡ
ȵҶһ뿪㾪ֱֵ̬ŭȡҳҶηȴǸշ𣺡գ㾹ȻˣڱԱܵ˺֮ǰػģҪ㣡
û뵽ʧ棬ɵתͷŭ㣬ҲеĳϼˣȻڴ֮ͥ²ͳһˣðȥҰɣ۸浽һ棬Ҷһ㵽ף
ҶοһĻ־磬ﲻɵðһ壬Ǻεȵķ⣬ô䵽ӣ
ưѪ˽бû˿֮ģһ徿ʲô
ձֵ޹⣬Ҳ˵Ҷһ·Ƿȥ
һУΨС˸߲ңΧŨƣɾһãС˷ܵôССɲΪΪ֪ĻУ϶ĵرǽһôʢʢ簡
ܿ죬һ˽䵽֮ϡһȨģǵǽСһһʮ־Զ壬ʮϿ˭ǣֻܲеǽΥ涨һɰһĹ涨


1207 ɫ
ҶβܶԷǿֻҪǳİݷãһضԷĹ涨ġΨһҶκյǣСѾнһжﶼǺõġ
Сʧͳ˵£˳۵ֱӾ죡
Ҷοý;СѻɵϲٵĽ
տʹϣҪ֪ǿһŽĳСеһУ޲Ǹе̳Ӹطѹζ챦ԼξͰڷŵвֵеġ
һ屾Ծ޸ƣ˭֪ÿһһĺĽ͸Ҫֳݻò
ڣȱѪĶȻСһһ̵գۼͱСˣʹ
յ˸ӵճ˵СѵΪƻǣǲСҪһ׷ġ
һѾǸ߶ŽᣬҫͽԼԼһŶˡ˽ΪÿһԱдա
ҶδˣӵŴһѪУܸһһĸĹۡ
ǵЩҲ֪СѵΪˡͬʱҲСѳ˾ͺ棬СԼ۹Ȼ޷ʲôͳСɵͿԶ϶СͷԲС
Ҫ֪ܹڷĶһǰϸѡĶһǾϡеƷ
ЩǼӲޱȣŨǶ߼֮СȻһ¶˿ûзӦ켶Ĵڰ
ССôǿʵҪǳˣһԶҪĴ
뵽ûĴһ
ҶεеҲסˣһѰСѾŵԼļϣ˵˸ˣҪǰԼŵܰĳжԵˡСѣˣŪøƵĺòã
Сѱһ˵磬治֪ɵôģúõĶԵƫƫŵ԰ڣô
ҶθϽСѱסСѵ죬Сһ˼ҵĶ˵ʴʣ˼ҵĵϣ¾ǳ˼Ұ
գҶαһЦͱСѵĻŪˣڿҶΣҲЦЦ
һ˾ǰУһ͵Ǿͷ£һɽǰ
նҶ΢΢һҶӣɽˣԵƬ̣ȥͨһ
ҶҲڣϾһʥأĸʥضǱʥַĵطҪȥͱҪϸĳС
뵽Ҷ΢Ц˾ճϷˡ
ȥͨҶβŰСѷָСѵСԴ˵ôأʲôʲôһͶ̥Ҹ㰡ǧɱˣȻҾҸ깰ˣô죿
Сί簡˭ɵôõĶɰˣ紵ɹܵģĸҳڶʵڰ
ιιι˵Сĵ㣡ҶٴסСѵ죬һ¿û˲С˵СѰɲ˵˵˼ң˼һܲ˵ģ˵ģٱô˵˺òã
СѲͷ˵֪ˣһɵɵðݣԼΪԵɵӲԸ˵ɵ
Ҷαݺҭһ£治÷˵ֻù¶˵СѣǹԺӴȻ
ȻͰӵǲǣܲҸʴʣҶöˣ
˵䣬ͼɽһĳԱЩԱЩɴһһͶ䶼ôһɾԵʢ˵ơ
ƣɲǺɵģǴӹʹŵһ͸һȵơ
˵һѪеˣΪʲô˴֣˵ѹսŹ㳤ϵĶ֮ˡ㵨ӲСȻҵǲһô
Ҷû뵽ɽЩһԼȻ̬ȣ˵һıĺͲмһˣߵһҲ̬ȡ
ûҶ˵СѾµ磬Ҿ˵ˣɵǲҵ˼һٿϲʵȻٿ˭ʵֱӳˣ˭ʵ
һأҶûСѣڣȻԷ˳һҲͱԼʮ壡
󵨣С֪ʲôطôһʥɽҲùһС˵Ͳ¡
û֮˵꣬ССһһɵ˵ǰСצǰһˣֱ˵Ϯ
֮Ҳû뵽ССٶȾȻ˾ˣ͵˽ǰʶһ֣ҪְСѻɡ
С΢΢һתͷſһڣݺҧ˵ֱ֮ϡͼСһԴѾ˵һ첲˺
û˷ӦСһڣѾ첲ˣ
໣
˶ʱ任α壬ŷ˰գһֻצѾûˣѪ˳ŶצӵĲλһ
֮ɫ䣬һģ֮ǰһȵǽ°û뵽˸һʥѪ¼ţһҪһҴң
Ҷв̾ϢһѾǸӡеȺˡϿŻޱȣʵϣһĳɫѾ֪˶ˡ
ۿС쳣˷ԾԾԣҶΰСѸϽصԼϡȻɫˣҶλʥɱ䡣
ĸ֮˿ɲҶģһŤ任α壬ɵ˰գеʩչιеʩչԪؼܡ
һʱ䣬ιԪؼܹǵҶαӿ
ҶЦקͨԵ糱ˮĹҶһͨԵҶεĿ㼤ͨԵе顣
ն
һҰ׵ĹâͨԵмӵһԶ飬գļµĹɫ۾渲Ű׵ĹâһӭŸιͼܹȥ
䡭
ҵڶмŸײĿֲĳһʱ䣬ǶҡΣͺϾҪ̮һ㡣
С˷쳣ҶεһԾ𣬷ɵ˰Уſһٿ̣еļȫ̵˶
ɲǼ䣬еһȫָ״̬컹Ƭ죬ǻǸǣֻеԱȫĿɿڴ˶嶥ڷһ˼ƽ˲˵һһŹֵСˡ
⾿ĴڰǸղҶʹõնȻһĴѪԿ϶ƫ֧ǰôᱻСأ


1208 
Сɵ˼ûлصҶεߣڰ۾ЩЩѵ֮ˡ
ٺٺ٣һɵҲԼＸ͸ҰɵɵζܲСѵϣֳһָɫͺ̳ļ
ɫɰһ֮ŵð
ۿСһƽЩһǱǱƵ·ϵֵķ־ֻܻţ¶Ŀ⿴Сѡ
Ҷӿһ󱯰ĸоһĳԱֳѾԽԽʧˣһѱ壬ô䵽ֵز
СѣɡҶٻСѵʱг˸ӵζǿʳǾ԰Ѳ˱嵱ʳ˵ġ
ҶЩԱСѳ˲Ž޵뷨ߣΪ壬߸Ϊ壡
СͷصҶεߡ
Ҷ￴˻ԱС̧ɽ
ɽƼ䣬ɽλþƣǺų̲ıءҶζһڵı֣ʧ͸ݲΪɽշеĹϹأһɽߡ
ոߵƵıԵشҶζȻͣ£Ϊǰ쳣ǿϢ
쳣ǿϢָɽֹĸоԴڹĹ°ҶҪԭʼһ־ò
СѶȻ䱸ֻСצӽס棬ֻ۾ɵԲС﷢˵
ȻɢУ쳣ߴӰ
һÿһ߶һ࣬мһıΧĸԴΡͨѩף·մ˼̻һ㣬бüë£һ˫ޱ۾۾̺һеĹ¼·̡
࣬㾹ȻɽѪѵͲһķŭôߵǸһȷѡ
Ҷɨһۣ˾ǿƿߣ׳ĵɢһʸУ˵Ҳӣߴ͸
ߣ嶼ӵĻҲýϴˡųѵһɻôҵļУֵԱɶҪγǣһġʲôʱһضˣ
ҶĿ⾼ˣ˿ûη˼
ÿСӣһ飬һʲôʸۣȻ֪һļɻ䣬Ҳ֪ɽϴʴҲһɣ
Ҷ˵ұߵ֮˵ҶΣ˵һҪ峤Ȼµģôأ
Ҷα뷴༥λ֮л͵˼ҲûǺ΢΢ֵˣһЩ״һЩİ취е֮
һΪǶţĴأԭ˹һæˡ˵£һ㲻ٰ˰æȻҲôţҴһĳԱôţı£Լȥɣһĵ
˵̲֮סЦֱ̬ӸȾ֮ˣмұߵĶ¶ĵЦݡ
һԽԽûˣҶɨһۣѵѾһ֮ô
仰˵úأ֮˱ɫղǸ뻺յҲüͷ˵ҶΣҲ̫֪ô˰ɣʥأһָֻţ
ΣҶиֳɫǻһۡ
Ǿɽ߳ˣߵǸ֮ҧгݵ΢࣬̽㣬ɽô˵ɣ
˵꣬ζӴǰ˼Ҷվһȭ
貵ĽɫĹâֱϱڰƣûĸ޴צĸҶץ˹
ܹɽȻͬѰһιȻܹļ֣
Ҷβ㲻ҲӭԳЦſļֻԼϡۿĹ壬Ҷһܣӿ
ʱҶεγһʥ׵ƿɿɽʯļ֣΢ȴǼһʥ׵ǰӲӵĻ֣Ȼһڣûֵ
󺧣Ҷ⿴ҵķȻһ°ԼιΣӡǾ޽е飡Ըιȡò˺ܺõЧһŤα塣
һɵľҶεǰŤıƺҪĿռһ㡣
Ǻǣһֶʲôʱˣһ¾ͻɱģѵһֻܿ켣ôҶɢȥԼϵ۶ûһۣ·˵
ҶΣһ΢ĳӣʲôʸ飿б¶Ըҵı幥˵Ĵ󻰰ɣ뱻ҶεĻЩŭˣһҶγ˹ȥ
ı幥ɸԱ岻̫һԱ幥һΪԷӲǿǿ־£ͨԷûʮԱʵ޷սʤ屾ʽġ
ڹĹУıγһâɫĵ绨׳ϲϷ͵
֫צϣֳһĻ棬ɲͨĻ棬һֹƻǵζ
ڳҶεĹУһ磬һˮĻҶ˹
ϻȻܹڻɱ£һʩչּܣ
˶עҶεӦԣҪ֪ˮĻɲǼ򵥵ˮżǿʴԵˮĻֻҪմһ㣬ͻʹԷմȾˮĻĵطá
еâ壬ԷȻǳˮĻڶ뷢𹥻ʱ򣬻ٵâľ塣οֻצԻǵĻ棬˭ϣϾͽ̾κΡ
֮ˣϹҲֻܺˣ࣬ӦĹĺѿ
Ҷ΢΢ЦһȣҶ϶Ȼֳһ߳ʥ׹â壬ҶӭŰɶ೤ľ˹ȥ
ˮĻҶεĳ¶ʱˮƮƮ£ÿһˮ䵽˵ϣܹ˿ֲĸʴ
Ҳû뵽Ҷλ״͸ԼˮĻҲûٶȣͷͷϵ֧޴ǳҶΡ
оһ쫷ӴˮĻ֮ײҶΡ
Ҷһ߳һӭץס˼ǰľ޽ǡâƣһŵĵ绨ҶεϳȥЩâ绨Ҷεʥ׻âǰ޷˼ҶΡ


1209 Ѫѹ
оһɽһ㣬Ӧһľ޴ֹԼǰһɽǰʲôܹײǣԼôôǿĳȻͱԷζסˣ
Ҷε㹻ѹʹ˲ԤСһצҶһãʱһĻҶξ
ǺǺǣܵǺüܣֻϧѡ˵жԵĶ󣡡ҶЦһԴݺʹķ
Ҳû뵽һ࣬Ȼ˾޴붼Ѿʹ̵ľˣԼͷȻԷŤתԼĻ湥
ִټ䣬Ѿţҿеâ壬Ȼܹʵʵյϡ
ǡ
һײâ촫ϣһײըʹըѪ죬Ϊ£ЩѪų֮ϾͱγһһֲĿӶ
أ
һĺΪҵʹ̲סҡΡ
̫Ӵˣһҡ壬ɽ϶ʱ쫷粻ϣѺö˶˵һɽһƬǽ塣
ͿЩڵļ˵󻰣ҶγĻǾ̫СӢˡңǺ˵Ҫ˲ǵˣǾͻһֵ֮ġΪԤһ㣬㳤Եĺá
˵ţҶһֻ֣ץסһֻǣȻһȣҶ˫ֺݺһקһ죬ֻȫҶӲˣ
ء
۵÷һ߸߷Ȼݺײ˵档һӲɽӲײһ󶴣
䡭
巢йһţɽϹķ羰ļ¸ײĿȫǡ
ҶƮ䵽棬俴ʣµĸ֮ˡ
͵ֶˣҶõǾԵĸ֮ޱ𾪵ĵطҪ֪֮Ҫ˵ŵڶû˸˵ŵһ
ǣҰԭʼʰôң˭Ҳ˵Щʲô
ǲµģм֮΢΢һΣѾ˷ߡͼ˫һ֣ʱһһӨĹâס롣
㾧Өâĸ£ĺСҲֹͣ˷ڡ
ԪָҶЩ˵ô˵һε峤ˡ
һ˫֣Ȼ˵Ҿεһ峤Ǭ㵽ʲôˣǸͨͨˣô֪Ԫָڱ嵱У˰˴ϣ˭Ҳ֪
Ҷ΢΢һЦһ֪ʵ̫ˣԪָԪָȷʵһľܣֻܹʸΪһ峤
ԪָһָֻܣʩԪͬĳԱָܻĻָ
Ҫ֪һĳԱޱǿͨûʲôܹ˵ǡһĳԱһ˵ܵ˼˺
ԣĳԱָܣҪõļܷǳԵҷǳΪԱṹȻͬûһѪԱʩչĻָʹﲻЧ
֪ܲҪؼҶһ岢ûж⡣෴ģһΣյʱһͦôһѺõ塣
Ҷλ䣬׵˵볤˳̸ʲô֮ꣿǳˣôأ
֮ˣҶ˵ҶҲûж
ӽӽǿʼҾһֱܵ蹥ҵɽ£ҲóȻ룬ͨ볤ϺȰɣѵһھ͵ô
Ҷ֪ʥأе鶼ˣҶλǲһ³Թ뽲
ʱѾָģжˣһĽڵĿӿݣͷϻѪҪǱжǱҪжҡ
Ѿ峤һϯԵˣʧȥǣζҲ֮ܳΪˣ޷ٳġָܹҲǳˡ
ʱɽϵѾ½ϵˣֳôĶɽϼе֮ȫˡ
ǬɫأȥתҶ˵ڷƮҡѱ޷һˮνడһ峤ϣ죬˵ʲôҲҪ˵
˵ţǬһҶΡ
ҶθоһѹǾһ崿ѪԱŻеһǿ
޻ֻ࣬ǿѡΪ߻Լ׳󵽼£ֱӳ֣ܹѶԷѹס
ǬⴿѪĴڣΪǿֻҪҪѹƶԷͿͨͷγɶڶԷǿѹƣԼĹЧ
Ҷ΢΢ЦǬѪͳҶλõһѪĴ»ǲԶˡҶĬĬʶҵǷݹϵѪĴУȻԼܹУϵѪ˲ͱ
Ǭ˼;ԼͷųȥȻѸټţһϤģֳ˰ԼΧɢ
ȻǬԼǰʱȻЩɬǬҪŬʹԼ屣ȴԼ徹Ȼ˲ļ
ţһɺ嫵ѹһݺѹϣǬʱãҪ仯ɱģķˣ
Ҷһ߽Ǭ˵ƾѪܹ峤ѾǸ漣ˡ治֪ôԪָģҲΪ㣬ŲòĬ˽Ͼϵİɣ
Ǭ͸оֻƴסԼԴµһǬܽȫҪеķͽ͵ģҶεǰǬڵͷ
㣬㡭ҪʲôӦ֪ĺɣο峤Ǭͷˣϲ䣬вҶΡ
ҲֵôҶ˵ղҿܣܹԪָģôȡ峤֮λȻ͸һѵ˵ô
Ǭϵĺˮɹ£羪κһ㷭ڣҶξǺηʥôܹһжδ֪һ
ססס֣Ҷӣ㣬ǬϾ峤
Ҷ˳ȥ˵һûվסͨһڵء
ҶӣҪ³ç򿲳ϿǷǳͬ˵ҲʱһѺð


1210 л
˵գΪҶκԶԣܵѪѹûôأҶκ
Ҷ΢΢ͷһ̧մȥһʥ׵Ĺâ򿲵üû뵽ԺС
򿲶ʱһ𣬸оޱɣޱվ
ҶӣղŶеҶӺؿɲˣ⵹ΪҶֳʵ̫ΪԴҶεϸоһɼΪԵѪѹơ
Ѫѹƿƭ˵ģǱ嵱ѪΪͳĴڣͷŲѹġ
򿲳ϣ峤Ǭ⣬룬㣬ǵֲ֣ļܵġǬڸոѪѹŵʱԸоѪЩǿ١ԣɵԪָ⡣
ҶεĻĿɿڴĻһɾֳЦˣ峤Ȼǿɻصϵģһ绹Ц
ٺٺ٣û뵽ʥϴʴʣѵһôУһ޴ֳһֲһ뷢׵ո
һҶεѪѹƸӰ٣бҶѹס֮ˣȫվ
ȻѹƱˣЩ֮һήңǴһһ
е֮˶ո߹ʩ񣺡ڡ
ߺһ˵ں֮ڣȻһҪĲİ
һ֮˲˵ֻǰͷѹøˡ
ϷԭҶΣҿɹ۲ܾˣǴƭһĴУʥҡײƭ㻹ƭ˵ʲôǬԪָǼðģ㵽ʲôģȻһ壡
ԭĻҶεĶȻһڿһˮ̫ˣԭҶΪǬ뼸ĹڣԱ𾴵Ҳ˵˵һѾбҡҵΣա
ԭϼһˣ˵رݣһ仰˵ҶǸƭӣ֪ƭѪĴУһģν˵İ
Ҷε˵ǰһѪܹƭȡһҲͲڵһˣ֪ǰΪ⻰ΰ
ԭаҶνƻҶûб˵ԭĻǼٻǿ崿ѪĵôףԭΪˡ
Ҫ˵崿ѪףǱԼҵѪҪ˵ףǾ˵Լ˵ĿƭѪ˵վסš
Щ飬˵˼ٵģ崿Ѫ˭֪ҪôѪҪߵ֣츳ʣҪе֮˷֣һп̵ˣҪһһĿ顣
ѪɲǴײˣ˭ܹáҪ֪̺ԶǿƣȻܹƻôе˵ѪǻҪģвأܴе˿ܻΪǿĴй̶ǣʣ
ԭһ˵һľϣҶΣ㿴㣬ȫһӣһôѪأ
Ҷοԭ֪˵ʲôˡϼһǻְѪ͸㽲£߰˰˵飬֮һ仰ȰȻʰ㣡
ͨϳɾϼһõļȰԼڵ¸ߵأȻڼ㣬еĳ޶ˣȻٶ֡
ԭΪɵʲôҲ֪ˣǬǹһͼı峤֮λҲô˵۾оĹͰɣҾͲˣ㶼ˣ͸ʲô
ҶԾͲԭȦˣֱӾͰ˺ƤҶλˣѵе˶ɵϣɼϲ˰Ū
ԭŭҶΣǸϷˮ򿲣Ϊɽ£ѵ豾峤֮Ӳô죬ϸ֮ͽ죡
ԭ쳣侲ȭ˵ڣΨһҴĳˣճĻӦúԥӡǣҶֳģһѪһĿãԣЩǽʥôıȽϺá
ԭˣûðɣָ˵򿲣㾹ȻҵĻˣҪ֪ӳܵĻĳͷ
ԭĶţ򿲲Ϊ˵ڣ¹Ѫ£˭˵˶㣬ʥһ죬ô
㣬㣬㣡ԭ򿲸ҭùǺ϶֮֮ѵҲôڵĻһ֣ˣ
ԭۿָӲ򿲣ʹĶ֮˴Ŀġ
ͼ򿲴ȵΪɽ£ɽеһаȫ㶼ҹϽ֮£ţҿˣһ׼˭ҪǸҶһɰҸץ
մӦһǣְʼԸ֮˽зָΧô˵ִйԺգҲҪĹ򣬰չأҵ
ҶףΪʲô֮ͨ峤Ǭԭ޷ͨƽԼġ򿲸ǬһģǬֻԹ֡
õϢϸǬһԼҲܹһ԰æֻҲܶ峤ǿз峤˼
ʣ¹ڲĻҵ򿲵ϣͶԼµȨʱ򣬾ǬҲԼ˶֣Ϊɽϵ̫ˣ򿲵кýġ
ԭ뷢˦ȵ򿲣ˣԴԼˣͲô
زԭҲʲôˣֻҪܹйԼĲʲô˵
ˣǸˣڣǷǹúܡˣҲͱ˶֣Բлˡ
ԭ֪ѾĲˣԭ˹Ц˵ҶΣǲǺܵⰡΪƾеһЩϽĻɫܹ巭ˣأ㲻дѪô㿴ʲô
˵ţԭһ죬ֵָϺݺһʱһεεѪԭϵ
ЩѪΣûֱӵڵϣڰƮƬ̣ЩѪɫͬī֭һɫ
۵һЩѪȫѣڰγһźЩŨȻγһ޴ǣ
ҶκȻл꣡
ҶΣ㻹е۰ǹĲƬѪô˲лƬ㻹ô񣿡
ԭЩˣ˵Щ㵸ˡ


1211 ִ
ҶζٸжͷҪ֪ѪⶫȻɸǱǲôһ㡣Ҫ֪ѪҪͳģԭƵľһлƬ
ǵʱʱǸϵ겻һ֧˺ܴ²Ƴɹ
ΪѪ֮ڻǣͺڴһֻдָķݶ巴ܹԼԣ
Ҷһ۾ϳԭٿصƬǴĹƬҶαŽҵ̬һ£ԼѪѹõл֮ϣû˿Ч
ҶΣдѪôǸѪµƬޱȾ˵ģһأܿʹѪƴˣҶΣղѹƱ֮˵ʱǺܹôһֵˡ
˵ţԭٿźɫҶ˹
޴ĺɫǻδ壬Ҷξ͸оԼĺһͣɲΪΧĿʲô쳣µģΪɫʱҶλѪΪ֮һ
Ҫ֪һĴѪȻҶȫѪҲܹռ൱һ֡ⲿѪܵӰ죬ҪӰ쵽Ҷ֮һʵ
Ҷܵʱ򣬱ܵľҪҶθ޷ȫȥԸԭ
ҶεʶʱӦƮʮˣʵȴǽƮ˼֮Զ
ѹƵζǲǲܰҶΣʥصң㻹ʸһĵһССܹģһ壬ؽٲ
ԭһ߽һ߲ٿźɫ͹ҶΡ
ɫǶҶε壬ûвģⶫҶεȴܹ㹻˺ģǱɫǻˣҶεǲԳܣָܹܿ
Ҷܵ˺󣬿϶ǻ⵽ԭ͵ĹġԭɽһʵҲǿġ
ȻܹԼ֮ˣδؾ͸ҳְԼԸԭ
ԭϾһ򿲸ղŸڰԼΪܵһѪѹҪʥý⣬˵оݣȻȥ
ҪǰҶζԸԭ򿲾ǳһٸҲȥɰ
Ҷεƶܵ˼Ӱ죬ÿһζܣǿ˺ɫǵĹԭҶЩǱɵùЦ
ʱһӰӼһԭ
СѣСһη޾ԭԭʼʱ򻹲Ϊ⣬˦־һѰ˼һ¾ܹСѸԶ
˭֪ССһţȻԭһȫ̵Сһٶ˿ԭ
ԭɨһСѣһԭŵòᣬΪСѵ˫¶һ̰ѪĿ⡣
Ŀ⣬ֻͨռݾƵ²ŻᷢġСҲ͹̰Сôᷢô˵Ŀأ
ԭæ֮һֱֱۣ۶ʱһצСѾץ˹ȥ
СѺηԼСצӺݺӭԭצ
꼸ԭһצȻСһצӸôѣԭһ첲һûԭгСѾϣһڰԭһ첲ҧ
ûСѵôԭһ첲ͽСѵĶ
СѣˣŻôҶθϽ󺰣СԶٶʵ̫ˣҪǲŵ㣬ԭûһĹҪ뵽СѵĶ
С촽ΧԭһȦȦת۾ǲεӣСͷҲֱ촽
ԭȻʲôŵʹˣ㣬㡭Ǭ顭
СƦƦЦϳӣ˵˼ҵؿǺܲõϰӴ˵ĻŲʣ£
ԭʱһţҲҷ
Сѣԭɫͣ㣡ҶζԸⶫЩϽСԭסɫǡ
ССצԭһаЦҸ˵ʲô˰ɣǰǶͣɡ
ԭſǻ˵Ҵʥ͵ģҵıѪںϵģǱ°ջֻܿȥˣʱʧ˾ͻܹߣ˭Ҳỳɵġ
⻰һе֮ȫ𾪣ֲԭƬԭʥ͵İһˣƬһֱʥ﹩һϵѪ﹩Żر
ڣԭⲿƬ͵˳϶ǻǵŭҪⲿƬɽδܹס
ȻʲôȵԭǲƬԪָ˵ôǬѪѪô峤ܹԪָԭǾȻôɥĲ񣡡
ԭ˫۴򿲣µҲûʲôˡǬʵҵ˽ӣһʱ̰Żһ˵Ĺ㲻ҪΪǬ
˰ɣ̰Ǭ룬һȫ£˭ҪǸҷǸ棬ȫ۴Ҳǻˣû뵽徹ȻðĳţҪǲϽѹҪˣ
ҶԭĻ뱬ֿڣסˡԭѾȫСѿסˣټԭûջƬı£ڣִˣҶĲܣǾǷʥܻĴ
˸ָϣֻܿԼˡ
ɫǱԭıԴѪĿ»ܹܿأűԴ֮ѪģɫǾͲܿصķˡ𽥲ȥҶΣתһһĳԱ
ŭ죬Ǭ뱩ȵ㿴ǶʲôĲлǶҴ⣬ڿɺãһŭɽҪˣһĻҵҪǻ֣֮ǰƤҶ
𡭡
һʹ˻𡣺ɫ裬һĳԱʼĹΪʵǿ̺ıҲģڱԭıԴ֮Ѫ֮˿ƾ;Ա屾ɫ
һµĹȻû˵һԱ壬ǵ˺ʵ̫ˣ˺Ǵѹʵ˺ֱܹ˼ЩԱ˻Ҳ͸ҡ
ҶôҲû뵽ᷢչزۿɽһƬĩٽӣҶζ򿲴ȻȥлעԱһȫĵط
һҲɲˣϽشҶӣȫȴҪǲ֧Ҳȴ
˵ţָѺǬķȴ
ҶһСѹʲôϽЩ˳ˡ
СЦ磬ֵܣʰǸϳ棬ôٵҵķأ


1212 л걯
СѵıӣҶְ
СߣܹæлǸСѵǰǬϹޣ˵ֻǲл꣬СҲոСܹ˺ġ
֣ⶼʲôʱˣģϽ£һͻȥ㡣
˵ţҶһѾסСѣӸ򿲣ָС˵ҹԵ㣬ȻҾͰȥ
Сѻ汻Ҷ깸סˣϽһﳷ
ҶοɫǺҹ֪ڱҪѺɫǸԼϣȻһĳԱɾҪùˡ
뵽ҶδͨԵקͨԵִֺݺһĵ
ʱһͻƵһҶȴоͨԵһĲͲ
Ҷ֪ǵĻǣ˵ĲлˣǸߵȼл꣬ҲеֵѹģⶫϾԵġ
һ£ҶһҧԼڵܣԶԶע뵽ͨԵ֮С
Ҷ취ЩѼϼܵ˼ע뵽ͨԵ֮Уĵ겻ŷǳҵ
һǶл꺦£һҪҶεܲϴ߶ҶעԽԽ࣬ܲסˣוּһƵ
鱾ͨɫģҶβϧѪעܺ弸ʥ׵Ĺâ嶼Ưˡ

̲סһͺ
ͺ𣬰ǲлע˹
ƣл걾ܵҪɱĳ嶯ΪǱʶиǰƵĴڣܵĳͷ
Ҷͷų飬ĿĲҪл꣬ǰעסҶμлѾƮȥԼĶһȦӣƵ˲лλá
ܵĹĵܸлһ£ܵĲģڲлǰѾԽԽֲסˣȻһȦҶα
ҶεȺҲᣬΪмŲл꣬鱾Ҷε·Ǹߣл׷ʱҲһ׷ġ
յͨԵл׷ž͵Ҷεǰ
ҶһޱȷĶĲǾԼʩչסлꡣ
ʹùУҶλûùԸʧȥĻǡһĻ˵ҶλЩգл˵һģ
䣬ѾͨԵ˵ѾȫˣϢĳ±ѵĺõط
лоǸǰͺļһﾹȻʱ֮ͨԵͳ˹
Ҷο׼ʱ˲ԼʶȫͷųȥѲлΰסˡ
տĲ裬ҶӦðԼʶȫ뵽л굱СҶͼȥʱȴоһɰĿ֮Ӳл괦
ǲл꣬Ҳǿ־ľڣҪסԷͱҪѹסԷĵֿ־
ʱ򣬿ֻҪ뵽ԷʶԷϾͻΪǿʶ£
ɲлȴӡƾҶʶǿ󣬾ǲڿ롣
ؿˣҶﻢˣʱҪǲл϶׷ʹ򣬷ǵƲ˶ԷҶҪܵص˺
µҶҲֻѡƴˣҶβй޹Լǿʶס˲л꣬άŶԲлİΧȻѰԸ
л־ǹǿȴǲ˺ܶࡣ쵽ԼסϾͽ˼ҵķ
ҶҪľǶԷķţҶλòлû̫İ취ɶԷҶξͿʶ˳ŶԷķһһɽеڡһԭ򣬲ôֻ꣬Ҫ뿪ƷΧˡ
лǲ뵽ЩģԽ޹ԽҪڰҶʶҶۣлۡ
Ҳ֪ж೤ʱ䣬лЩͣˣҶβҴ⣬ĳһϹл꣬ܲ͸лȥ
һ£лûжҶξл롣û뵽˼Ϊҵķɫ״һź뵽ҶεʶС
Ҷαһ亹ҿлһָǵжϣȻЩǳԴɡҶλǹ᳹ŶԷսΧԼǿʶԷ
ڣŭĺл꾲һ
ҶΪһεľգҲֱ̫ӣһĹ̽лû˶һ뵽лҲûʲô
лû˶ҶθӵĽţΪǱлǿڿˡ
Ҷȶһڴһ룬ûжҶͨһĵ㣬׽뵽˲л굱С
ȻҶȫ뵽л굱УŨŨĺУ·һֻ۾ڶҶΡ
һʶ˹࣬ѵô
гƣĸоҶδпԸܵһɰȻķǡ
ҶθϽͣԼʥʵҪ岻ֻ֮ĸġ
˭뵽巢˺ܶ飬Ѿ˷ˡΪòлţҶλרòл꿴Լļ䣬ǵΧռ俪ʼŹսҪɱԼһֱɽǰһϵлңԭ͵л飬ȫòл꿴һ顣
Щл꾹ȻĸоԺյ徹Ȼ䵽ֵزлôܲء
ҶΣſңһȥʥáлָҶηһʶ
ҶЩΪѣлôѣһٷҪٴοǿϼˡңлһɣҲԼĵˣֻҪ裬ҶҪʩչǲܵˡ
Ҷλѡ˷ſл꣬һӵл꣬Ҷξöƾһ衣
ߣѪĴУ˵ҲһˡôôѶϣֱѪĴУȣЩФ㻹ǺõˡлЩŭһ޿κΡ
ҶιԹԵĽ䵽棬Ųлһ·ߵ˽
һݵشС
ˣˣѵҪѽ˲Ҫô򿲿СڿˣСһʲôʲôܹĶСѾʳһھ͸ɵǽĴСһٿʳŪĿ꣬ƶˡ
СŲӣɴһ˫ɺӣЦʲôҸƽ¶ܵø㱨ɣҸôһı£ҰѽҲҸıꡣʡʡɣҰѽˣ͸Ҹˣòã
򿲱ҭͨ죬ҶθղŵΪȷʵΪȥսġС˵Ҳûκεġɿǧٿ׵Ľ̲סĵѪ


1213 ɵĽ
ҶοһУ̲סɿȣɤӳëǾҪԼΡͺǴһӣ˼û¶֪ԣ˵ܲô
Сѣˣ۱ôвУҶСѵĶ˵
СȴĲΪȻ磬ǿΪɵյ㱨쾭ġҪǸɽָءų˶ٶ㿴ɵ۵ģ֪˼ҰæɻҪǮô
ҶһȣеĨĸо
С̧ͷʵ磬ϳôˣǲʰˣ
ҶθϽסСѵ죬СһûŵģɵɵҲͰˣ˼ϳ棬ǵǰӵĽ࣬𹫷߲Žйˡ
ޱεʱȻеһʶʶʹһ˼˺Ҷһȫʥȥ
ʥÿʥе֮أһ˵ܹ뵽ɽͲһĴڣܹ뵽Ϳ˵һˡ
ʥãبû˽ȥġǵˣһĳԱܹ뵽ʥõģҲָܹġ
ûбԭ򣬾Ϊʥ﹩һһ޶ֻһ巢˼Ϊشʱһ峤Ͱ˴ϲܹУʾ
ڣӾȻˣһЩ޹Աܹ룬ҶҲܹС
ʥ֣СѵĴ۾гڴɫɰҶθŵòᣬϽСѱڻСѣǿ˵ˣʥÿɲҪȻ
˵ҶζЩ˵ȥˣŻСһ˵Ĵˣ˭֪Ǹˡ
ǧٿ׵ĽһݳɵһĽ˵ǰ
򿲴ȵţȫʥ֮ȺգѺԭǬһ롣
ͨĹأӦҶǰ档ʥһ˵ʵ̫Ҫˣǰ·Ѻԭ룬ŵҶΡ
ʥ漸ǿһټʥ棬͹һüƷɵ
Ȼǰɵĵ񣬵֮Ȼ˿ȥҪڿնɵĸоȻǽеҲ˸оޱȰԵ
ҿϳȻôţСѴҶεĻ˳۾Ű񣬴˵
һ仰˵ɫȫ䡣л걾Ͳ»ŭ찡

һֵЦӰзŵһȫڵأͷǰʱ򣬹ݼżôһػõʶû뵽Ȼֱӷ
ҵ˭ԭֻ֪ԵĺôȻҲĥķˣϲ˰ֻСɰӣ㱧ڻúڣ
񲻵Цһݺݵ٩һСѡɰ򿲸ŻˣԭСһͷȻô˼񻹸СһʶСһϳ涼Ϊ裬ѼĻЦ
ϳ棬ôСңŲҰɽԹˣҪǿѵķϣҰȫŪˣŲСѱЦСɰʱŭɶԷ
һҲûеõ˵˼˵˵㣬òˣѳˣҲ֪Сۣ͸ǣͷŹҵﻹഴɽɡ
ôҸеǣСѻܿɸ߸ϣʲôྶͥ
ϳ棬Ҿ̫ûˣСѴ̴˵
ɱҰΪ죬ҿǱ鲼ɣ˭Ҳ˵˭òã˵ˣ绹Ѫеģ˵ǻһء
һˣŸһأ
СѸ粵һ£ҶһѾס󣬹ֵǰСѻС֪ߵغ񣬻ǰ¡
ҶεķӦ۾һ㶣漴ǺЦѾû˵ˣʹʹ˵һذɡҿûǬ顭Сһı£ܹһ˵һһЩתϰɡ
һ£˵򿲣εǰɣ
򿲸Ͻٴοͷڣ˵¡
ڣߣǲҲǸԭôôֵҵͷˣ
仰һɸղŸС˵ȻͬȻ֮ɣ
ŵö̧ͷΡΡ˵һǰֻʣԭһԴҾΪڡѾ֪ȡĲлƬıȨλ飬찡
һ˵ԭһЩ棬ôҵʶоҵһǲлƬ͵ߵġҪ˵Ȼߡ
ԭʧȥһ첲Ѿ㲵òУڱһȣɢ
ϣϡڣĸΣϣ鰡
죡شҵ⣡ѵûʵôʥöоҡ
ԭĸҵϽͰԼȡлǰ˵һ顣
һ嵽ǬһʱѪг⣬ûһԱѪܹﵽԪָҪҲ˵ǬһԱȻûܹ̳峤Ĵڡ
ɰε峤ԸˣҪһε峤ʧְ
Ϊܹһµ峤ԾȥѰܹѪķߵʱ˾һʣһԱԭ
ܱܹѪĵҩҵ˲٣ܹһѪĵҩȴûг֡ΪһѪΪ⣬Ѱҩܽġ
ΪҪѪͱҪ봿ѪѪҺҩӲУһ̫ˣĴѪȥأҪܹҵѪõҩʲô
Ѱ޹ʱ⵽һȺݵ˵ĹЩһʵǳǿֵܹסκһ
սԭ
Щ˶һʵƺָƣߥԭǺ峤λáǻ֤ԭҪʵ峤֮ǻԭкĴֵ֧ġ
ԭʼʱҲӦȴԷ֪ĻͰɱ峤Ƶϣʱ򲻵ԭᵹùԭеһɸܰƤҵζ
ⷬвЧԭ͸Щ˴Э飬ǸṩһֽɢҩֻҪʥðɢ£ܹܿʶоܹȡһлƬ
ֻҪǵȡлƬܹͨһЩ弼ܸлԪָܹɻѪһأ˳峤
ϵǣЩ˷ô£סһ壬һ˼ǾһҪϾκεľ
ԭоЩ֣ΪһǿǼǧѹϵɲ˵ϾܹϾġԭѾߵһˣֻˡ


1214 
ò˵ԭһıԶ۹ļһġûȨԼ峤λãǬһѰҿԹͬµԱ
峤λãʲԭ˽ǬǬҪõ㣬ԭԼеԴ֡
лƬĸյܵİ£ǬԪָȻǬԪָɽկɣɻһеĴˣܹɻȥġ
Ǭںܴеһ峤ı
ԭ֪Ҫ׶Ͼϵô򵥵һ顣һжĸ鲻һγɵģ˼ǧķչγ˽ˮ齻ڵ״̬
ʵҲˣԭǬڵ峤ʱ򣬰ʾѾ鷳ϣһ御Ҫ뵽С
ɾһʾһоͳԴǼҵķ֮
ԵҲǸʵģʷУһҲ뵽֮УеһʩԮ֣һ߳
ȻһҲʷа壬֮䣬γɵĲ໥Ļݻϵǽݱһֵֽܰꡣ
˫ڸԵķչУγɵһϵı˴˹ػĸо˭Ҳ޿ɱ粵ʵ
ȷʵһЩ⣬⻹СʱһԹۣǾͻ᳹ʧȥǧѪѡ
ϣѰѻһܼ򵥵飬ֻҪͬϵܹҵѡ
ǣܹΣѵʱһѵѲܹġ
һٹһѣҪʱѪġ
ЩߵԴ쳣ңԭҼĸϵ뷨
ԭȡػƽԼ뷨Ǭ峤һͨڵԱʵԼļƻ
һЩֱԵһ峤ϣȡķǵһЩʵȨĸλ
ͱҶΧĹϵĹսţԭͨǬԭսŵĸϵ뵽ǵѸԼһ˼˹սŹµλȥ
ԭ´ǣΧĹսѲУһϵֻҪˣһϣ粻ӣԵɱ
ʮʵִԭ˹սŹµĸλϣϾͽ´ϴԭԭཫȫԼĸִԭڸ˵뷨
Χȡ˳ɹԭֻͬǬһĺŶżͬˡϣ޳ϸһķϳ˺ĵľȦӣŵǵطһ
һȦʣһ򿲳Ψһԭвͬĳˡ򿲵ĵλɲôöġ£峤£һĸߡ
Ҫǰ򿲳ְԭЩͻʧˡԣ򿲵λòһֱһĺȨȦܹ
ԭЩܾû˵ĬҲ֪ж೤ʱ䣬ɭ˵û뵽ﾹȻܹ䵽زΪȨʲô鶼룬ʲô鶼
ԭŵɫűĳ֣
Ҷһ˵ǰ黹ԭ֪Բ
һû˵˼Ĭˡ
Ҷתԭ˵ԭһ£٤ǵʱһʹֵߣʶʶǲˣǣĲ֮ôй¶ȥģ
⻰һ򿲶Ϊ𾪣Ҳû˵ԭ𰸵ġ
ԭʱ»ң֪еһȫסˡ
٤ǵظ֣ԭԼ
٤ǣܵץסЩ˵ıȵģĿľǰҶյһͨĦﵽһ彻Ŀġ
ҶˣΪʲô٤ôļһȥѰǬ޵ź
Щɱһǰ峤ԵˣӦþиԼгĴˡЩӦҲ٤ǣǳ٤ǵĸ֣׾ٵġ
Ȼͨԭʹ֣Լһ飬Ȼǣеȫ˳ˣ
Щһ˼©Ҳ湻ݵģΪԼɱϧôˣкܶ໹ܾǱˣһƣ湻Ѫġ
ҿҶǵĹսǰ㹻侲ͣҶҪǴ֣һ֮תߵĻȫʵ˶ԷսĿġ
Ļǵһ彻һҲͻᱻԭȫס㲻ãһ廹ΪĶһ棡
ʲô㲻ҸɵģˣɲǼ䣬ɽ
еԱȫŭаݷڵأ·ĩһ㡣
Σ˵һҪشĸıˡ򿲣ȰЩ֮ͽܺãȫѺ⵽еȺ䡣У֪ͨһеĸ߲ڽȺʱ䲻֪ж೤жþ͸ҵȶã
򿲲ҵϽָԭһȫѺȥҶҪߵʱȴҶΣ㲻Ҫߣ˵
ûҶ˵С˵磬ۿɱϳ׼û£ۻǸϽ߰ɡ
ЦСԺûѧᣬǹӶ˺ܶడȣǵģһɱû뵽Ҳı䡣˵ʵ㣬ˣҵĵϡ
ҿϳ棬Ϊ㲻ɣŲŸǸԹˣһ˼ɵ㣬㲻ڣƾЩҺΣ
СѵĴԲȴûķǳջ˵Сһҿ׼ҶͳǰʱܵĺôҪղأ˵Լǵڶû˸˵ǵһôҶҪͳǵĻӴóԵĶ
ջǰ£С̲ס岻ղء˵ûҪղأ˭ܹȵ尡
磬ǰɵʵҲͦɰģҪ͵ɵͷͷǰѶˣȻ˦ֲɣɵ˭ܹסֵܣС˵
ԲۣҶкݺݱ˾ֿڣСһΪʲô¶ܸɵóҪǲúýѵһԺ󻹲֪Ǹʲôӡ
ҶҪֽѵһʱȻһŽӲӵĹââ̼ͰҶΰסҶξ͸оԼ·뵽һƬĿռУҪȴǰѲƬâ


1215 Ĵ
ȵâɢʱҶηԼһƳȳȵĿռ䡣ΧǽɫĹâۻ룬һ޿ɱϢ
ˣҵпռ䣬Ҳͻ㿴İ档һ
ǰƹһɣҶСʵ
ѵʲôԵôʵ
ˣұϾ࣬һȫģͳ壬ܱŤɣҶĵľ⣬Ͼĸ壬ԱΪģοһˡ
ǺǺǣҶΣܹһѪĴУ֤Ѫĵطңڵ壬ѪѾЩˡ룬һѪеˣӦ嵱еһǻߣѾԤľˡ
ĻҶδ󲻽⣺ʲôԤľ棿ǰЩ
֮֮룬ǳ˴ǻ۵ĲİҶΣһѪ˥䣬Ѿһݻرܵʵˡʱ嵱ûкʵĽܴߣͰѪʵĽߣȻڷһ壬˵ǲǴǻأ
һ˲䣬Ҷ˼ԼܵһѪУʵϾһãֻҪһѪлڣͻһֱһ嵱˺ʵĴ֮󣬾ܹ»á
ͬ˵һдǻ۴ֱʵԶ
ЦҶΣʵ㻹Ǹʦԭ˵峤ԳȥѰܹһѪķΪȱ˴֮ѪŻṦܴɡһУ˵ֱ練ƣ
ҶκȻãôһѪоͺһȦһ
ǰĻƣǲе̫Ҷ˰죬Ҳû뵽һʵĴʻ㡣
һʮĿ˵ҶΣ飬˵Ҳã뷨˵ǣûܵ˺ûʲôʧңҲóϣл˲ٵĺôɣͳһ˵һѪУһ˫Ӯľ档
ҶʮϿ˵ʣһҳҲʹ˽ҹˡ
ǰ˵˵ȥһˣһ岻һ壬Ըһ壬ĳԱδؾͻҰҶ˵Լĵġ
صҶΣˡܶ飬˭־ΪתƵġУҲСһҵͼȫ㣬ܹʲôǾ͵ÿԼˡ
ҶеѰ˰ɣʵܹһУԲ硣ͼܣ޷ıԱ쵼ָҸа
ЦҶΣʱĲܲע仰һֱһѪϵ⣬ڿĵǿҵĸоǾһ⡣˵棬ǻǰʵ°ɡ
䣬Ҷξ͸оһɺúƥԼΧЩ嫵һ뵽֮ڡ
˲䣬ҶθоԼǳƤһͣɺ嫵ûΪҶεĸֹܶͣӿٶԽԽ졣
Ҷ֪Լ̺ȫѼһԼһ˵ܹõһܺõ顣ⶼһ⡣
ڿ֮˸һˮһˮ㹻ˣҪǰһһ֮ˮӲȥûܹܵˡ
Ҷھʹ״ǿԶźĵĵһޣ̺ǳܹģ
ҿǰʱ˴һѪУҲǿޱȣȻ嫵£ͱˡ
ӿӿ壬ҶЩ಻ԡҶοʼʱܵʹӿ԰һЩע뵽ԼС
ԴԴϵӿ룬ҶεܸӴ
ǺĵһްܹնĻ³ưԵģһܹõġ
ҶΰԼʶͷŵƴӿ룬ҶεҲӿ뽥˱仯
͸о統Ҷα˼ҵĶײҶεУ䣬裬һϴƵĿֲģ
ҶθоԼѾ͵˼㣬ӿһ㣬ͺϾͻᱬըһ㡣
סʶѹʹѹ
ҶҧأʾʶָܣӵڰȥȻʶƴѹмѵ
ҶθоԼ͸оöˣͬһ㲻ӿ롣
ܹΪһģԲġҶεոոоһ㣬ֱǸоȸղŵĿҪĸоҪǿң
ģͲѹ£ǿȻһߵĲΡҶΣϸҶԹ
ҶʱҲûбѡˣѾˮˣ±ۣһգһٲ
ҶβѹڵҶηԼڵѹѾ˽һճе״̬ע롣
ģѹΪ˹壬Ǹоͺٴξ˽ڳɵָоʱĳɵȣر𶼲ڵ״ˡ
ޱӴѹɵһ״ȫͷų԰һըΪƬ
ȻҶθоӿСˣڿŵҶ˵һˮ֮ϰĸо
ǣ쳣ٴ𣺡ҶΣСĵ㣬Σյʱˡҵıʶȫӿ뵽ʶСʶһҪƺһҪҵʶ׼ãϾҪˣ
ҶнҲȴûκεİ취֪ΪЧԼƣѾ˲٣ѾûߵԼٽ뵽ԼڣֻϽ룬ҲҶαҪԵ顣
ˡ
Ҷξ͸оԼԴǱһɽһ˲˶ݵѣ״̬ʵ̫ǿˣ˲ӿҶεʶУҶɵĳ޷ܹݵġ
һʱ䣬Ҷξ͸о·˲ɢһ㣬ͷɻ֫·𶼲Լĸоˡ
ҶһʱҶθоԼбѹƵȻһ궯˲ͱҶθϽٿܰιסѹס˱
ҶСɢһʶ뵽ԼʶУӿꡣУǰ䣬аսĳкܶ޻档


1216 𾪽
ҶξľӵеļǼֱһܰٿȫ飬弼ܣһиģԼĴĦļܡ
ľޱȣټ޾£Ҷ˴Ϣ
һʱ䣬Ҷξ͸оϢȫԼӿҶԸԸ⣬ЩϢȫ뵽ҶεʶС
ҶθоԼԴǱűһ㣬޴ϢҶԺеÿһλá
ѾԼĴУ飬ҪԼˡҶεԺУƣ
ǰôˣҶνʵ
Ǻǣղڸ㴫еʱѾľԼȫѾԼʷʹԺһҪˡ˵⻰ʱһֽѰȻ
ҶμѾֹˮһ㣬̲סʵǰҾиа
ҶΣҲ縺ص¹ʹҪһ壬Ҳûа취飬ѾҵȫУǣңȥҲ
źĴЦӡҶεԺһʧڣеһжҶεˣҶ飬һµĶȫ鼯ԼԺУһеĶҶεʱˡ
µʶ䣬Ҷΰʶעȫе統С
ӿѾҶεȫΪһ壬Ҷѹһ̬
ɲ̶ţһըһʱܹҶζԣǼֱԵĽ
ҪȫͷųȻҶβһᱻΣյĶʱ÷ǡ
ҶΰȫʶеϣŰеܸȻ䣬Ҷξ͸оһ궯ҶٴҪƵʱԭе໥ͻͷųҶ޷Ƶ
Ҷδ󺧣Ͻٴӿ뵽֮⣬ըͬѩһ㣬ͲҶܹƵˡ
ҶƴҪѹƵʱȻ䣬µļУļƪ¡
˰Ԫؼܣֱǽľˮ׵ư˼ܣЩƪ·ɿ˱ӿڼƪµ£Щ˾ԪҶαЩܡ
ԪָҶû뵽ԼܹɵĵһּܾȻǷԪؼܵ弼ܡһѪڲܹļܰҪֻ֪лܣʸΪһ峤
Ҫ֪ܶ淢չżΪشġһ£ڶսʿ˴ս˫ƣʱһ峤ʩչԪָͿʹսʿѸٻָսһµĳأ
ûҶôϲһƪҶεҵԼϵͳչΪҶԼܹƿصļܡ
֣Ҷογɰ˸֮צǴԱձյһܡ
ľͷųƶ֣ѶԷס
ˮʴҺմ˾ͻȫá
֮𣬸ͬ
ǿҷдȻķ
׵磬Լڵͷų׵磬֡
磬һٶȵĴڣһʵٶ޼ӿ졣
ƣѸټʵƣԼصƲ㣬Լأǲ֪ǿ˶ٱ
һƪ¾ԼǲҶθоԼڵ궯˺ܶࡣ
ҶθϽʶܣʣеһȻһͷųûϵÿһ䡣
ܻܵĴڣͨܵĵڣתҶеһҶΪʵҲ˲١
ҶξϲǣԼУ׵籩ϴ񣬱ԭȵĹģ˲٣
ΪϴҶθоҲ˶Եøͻ
¡¡޴̮ҶһĿԭİȻҶѾʵ統У
ҶĬȻﰵѾʧŵҶνĴУһҪһ·ϡȻҪһ壬ݣ
ĬĬף꣬ҶʥǰĽʱӦǰһͽȫѺ⵽λңе߲ҲڽȺ
ҶκԼɢϢһɽλһزŲ˽
䣬䣬һ죬ҶδµȻ߽˽
еԱȫʧɫҪ֪ɽӵĵطκ˵޷չʾԼǿӢȴˡң˵ôϢأ
ߣ˱棬°ݣҶһԼĺ
ڣҶõһ𣬶õڵͨµĴУһܹɡ
һɽǣǵһѪļѹϵһԱսѡ
ڸʲôȫͣɽ߲Ĥݡ
߲ǸܵޱȵѹɶľӢɼмʵԲһԱŵû̱ڵء
ҶһͰԵķʽ˳һʵ⣬һĳԱĵǳϾԵǿߵ쵼ûǱʩչֽŵġ
סеսУݵߵ£Ŵӭڣ
˵꣬򿲻һۣЩԱ֪ò°ݣȵѵûܵڵϢôڻ°ݣѵҪ췴ô
򿲱λò̫ߣƹܵȴ߲жһ޶ıȨһЩӹһЩŵϵʹȨġֶϵĴڲǿֱָӸɱġ
еԱȫ£ݣڳƹӭڡҪ֪һȼɭϣ˸ߵȼĳԱʾ˳ǾֱӿԸɵġ˭Ҳҳе
ˣɡҶԼϢֱԺյλ߹ȥһƨ¡
ʹྲԱֿʼ˽ˡҶλãһ峤λá˵ǱˣҲЩˡΪǱҪ𾴵ģҶϢܵûġ
ɼˣҲǲ峤λãΪ峤ȨǾԲɵģֻ峤ܹǸλϡ


1217 峤֮λ
һ£򿲹ߵҶεǰʩҶӣóǽĴУһгԱҲ˷ĵ׵ߵľ⡣ǣλ峤ܹģԡ
˵úܺ˶֪⻰˼㲻ǣ㵽λȥ
˭֪ҶλȻȻδһ㣬ûƶ˿Գһӡ
һΪǰиҵ峤֮λǲһû뵽λô򿲣ѵǰиʲôôҶεЦſ˵
ʲôе߲ȫĿɿڴȻ峤λиˣֱΣԲġ
򿲣ѵû˵ĻôҶ֪Ϣ԰ѽ߲ɵԣֽ˵һ䡣
һʱ䲻֪룬Ͱ͵⣬⡭ôܣҶӣдѪУѴиҲ֮еġɣɡô峤λиأ⣬ʵ벻ͨ
ҶεЦ벻ͨ룬˵ľʵѵǻҪ֤ô
ⷬɾеԵˣȥϱǸƢһЩ˵Ҷӣ˵δ̫һ˰ɣѾѴи㣬ʥеѻ٣ǵȥ֤
ҶΰĿתļУкܶϣҲ
ɣ֣֪弼׵ļܣˡ
˵ţҶһָ𣬶ʱһĿ㼼ܣȻ֪Ҷһж
һҶģԼֿܹģҪŲζܡǣȵķ֣ԼѾȫܶˣҶƵĿⶢоԼ·뵽ҶޱȰʶһ
ǣ޴˳üĽ뵽žžžžڶϸֳһȦȦɫ绡ƤҲ˲˽ڵһƬ
ҶӣȻЩ䣬ֻ˵ԼģҶ鰡һȻҶһ֮Ū֪ԼҲԲ岻֣Ͻ顣
򿲣ΪҪôҶιЦָһһɫĹâ˲ס𣬽һգ۵ʱ䣬ɫĹâʧٿѾָңпԿȻ˼
Ϸ°ݣ˲Ҫͷ峤Сð峤Ըðϵ洦
̬е߲һҪ֪ǸӲͷͷɱɱѡ
һȻڸԷһ֮ȫˡңԸðϵǿǰƤҵİ
ҴļУѾ֪ǸҸ嵨ԱϧĳԱȴܵ˷ǳĴղŸһѪҲȨǶôĹԹһ㲹ɡɣһӦõġ
꣬оȻֳ˵⡣ѪԱ˵ܹõһзĴпϵۣǼֱ֮
ˣ
ֿͷ˵л峤࣡
˵꣬վΧ˵λֵܣո峤ʹ弼ܣһ׵缼ܣһ峤ҪյԪָ峤ּʹܣһʲô˵ģ
ʲôԱѾ𾪵Ըˡոմҿ׵缼ܣûм٣ɵڶεĽһȻԪָ
Ҫ֪յĸּܶǷǳɵļܣΪͨļܸ޷Աǿ໥ԡ
Աӡ˭ͷżܵʱ򣬶Ҫ˫ɣû˭ָܹͷżܵġ
ԪָܿҪԪģ峤ǬҪ˫ּᷨӡȻѺܴ²ܹͷųԪָ˾Ȼּܹͷˣ
ͬǱź˵⡭Ļǲеˣ
ϵĻҲԱĻɡؼ̫˼ˣеĳԱɣǲϺˣݳôһϷ
ƢܵԲ۾ȵҲҵĻ㿴峤һ׵缼ܾͰڵѪʸȥһЩͨԪָһָѵ㻹ı仯ô
ʱ˵Ķ٣Ҳǻ˴ͨı仯ȴʵʵڵģͨ񿴳ѪǴһЩ
ת˵򿲣£ְλ嵱е˲ܹ䵱ġ㻹Ͽݹ峤峤Чң
һʱԾˣ֪ǾԲ˵ѵģҶεı̫ԽˣʱΰݣԱԳܰ
Ǻǣ˵һߣЧ֪ˡɻôҵϿɲǿģʣµͽҰɡ
ҶվԼߣЦӵܵԱӵˮܵԱǰɣã׼ˣ
˵꣬Ҷ뷢һһˮ򿲡ͬǶҶεĹް취ֻܾҶεĹ
ʱϸֳɳѪģ򿲵ңһˮ󣬻¾һ㣬ʴĲӡ
Ҷһȣָٴεʱסˡһգ۵ʱⶸɢٿ򿲣һ͸¶ģһѪĴ
˫˫£һͷ쳹
ҵð峤峤𷣡˵
ˣǶһ֮ʿһļڣǴˣһδҪ˭ɣ弹ѾˡҶһ֣ʾҲϽ
Ϲվվ´֡ǻţҶն峤ѡκ˲飡˸Ҷ峤Է۴ɱۣ
ı̬Ա͵õˡڷϵȨɱġڷǾһȣ崦İ
߲㿴ңҿ㣬ӶԷУǿһɵɫ⵹ΪҶαֳʵ𺳣ǴĲϣһʱԽܡ
ڴʱһ򿲣ΪǵĹҲ֪Ϊʧƣͬһ˵ݳôһĻϷͼ߸һ塣峤ڴˣƾʲôƾһ˵峤


1218 ϴ
˵⻰룬۾г񣬷·һ˶ɵ顣
ߣһͼıĳϣȻô˵ѵô˵ôҵɱиֳȻȻ顣
š峤϶Ҷᷢ˾仰ϹȻžҪȥֵһ֡
£Ҷδλվ߽롣
򿲣鱾Ӧһ־죬ȻΪ峤ҲӦصľɽʵ⣬ҪˣҾһȨô
ߵǰǰҶθ򿲽һ¡
Ϲһ峤Ը
Ҷΰת룬˵룬㵱ɱҲʲôʣʲôɣԵ˵Ǽһеĸ߲Աڣûйƽô
˸ž֮עһ飬еҾǲҶΣֻһˣƾʲô峤ѵ˹ôһ峤Ҫǰ峤ſԵϡ峤ڣƾʲôͰ峤ˣ
ⷬȷʵгģҪ˵岻ûзϵ峤ֻΪʱ峤̫裬ǵһ޴ԹŻɳϳ棬ϵ峤
ڣǬ峤ڣûȷ֤˵Ǭʧ£ôܹ˵ϾͷأǬôҶ峤λþЩԲ˳ˡ
󵨣峤նѡݵɣǬ峤֮λǰѾȫ̹ˣȫԭһֲٿصģлĲ룬ԭ׿˵ģѵƱôȳ
ȴǲΪ⣬Цʲô̹ףô֪㲻ڰ˼ûΣ
򿲶ʱҭùǺʱʥ֮УҶκͼͽԼ͸ûĳԱΪʥвһԱ롣
Ѿȫû뵽Ҷε벻ҧһڣ޶֤ĸо
ǺǺǣ򿲣żءҶεЦҪ֤ǰɣãó֤ݡλֵܣҶ֪Ϊһ峤ͱҪԪָǬָܹϵˣǬ峤֮λ˳ģ˵ǲǰ
Ҷε⣬ǬԪָһЩֶɵģԪָ֮
ǬԻָһЩС˺Сһ첲ĴˣǬ޷ָġҶһ㣬֤Ǭ峤֮λƭģλĺϷԾȻȻûˡ
֪Ǭı£֪Ǭû취һģݺ˵Ǭѵܹô
򿲴ŭ룬ԽԽˣ峤Ҳܹɵô
Ҷΰڰ֣ʾ򿲲Ҫ˵Լ΢΢һ̧֣롣ʱһŽɫĹâס룬˾ȵĿ£Ķϱ۾Ȼۿɼٶʮʱ䣬Ķϱ۾Ȼ
ԪָԪָ漶Ԫָأֻܹ̼Աֶָ֫ΰ
һԱ˫ϥ򵹣Ҷεǰڳ峤ͷ
Ҷ΢ЦŰ˷һƣЦ˵룬ʲô˵ģѵǬô
г˾ȻЦû뵽ĳô࣬ȻྭӪĴҵˣһɣ˭Ҳùˣ
˵ţͻأıֳһĻ棡
򿲴󺧣ϽܵҶεǰãͽҪԱ峤
һﾭϸѡսʿֻһΪ˱岻ϧһУ
򿲵ĽкˢˢҪ嵽Ҷεǰ峤
Ҷһӣʱ֮γһǽǽЩᣬ˭ܸоǽɢһޱȺʵϢ
ģȻܣ峤ļˣѵѵ峤ȻһԪذ˼ô
֪УԱѾҶεǵ峤ΪҶֳģǾԵѹԵʵʵڳ߲Ѿȷȫʵ˭Ҳ޷Ĩɱ
Ҷβǽ֮󣬶պһȭʱƵĽУֻ޴צȥ
צеĶڣû峤϶ǻȫУ϶ǳ֮⣬޽е˼ܵĴڣ峤ˡǵĲɣ
գۼ䣬ԱѾڵأҲ˲ԱΣգ׷Ҷαʾ
ͬʱҶεķİֻצѾץס壬ҶһȣϷֱ
ֲڽм˭֪ԱӣڳԱܵ˺Ҳпܱסˣ

ҶһŭڵܣһֻҲǿٻӳ
ء
ͼƽضǿĹַ磬ֱ廹м˽⣬žǾ˿УʧӰ١
еԱ𣬽һƬš
缼ܣģ峤һԪذ˼ܣ峤䣡峤꣡
Ҷô̵ʱ䣬һļܰƽһΣе߲ϧԼ֮ʣȫõҶεϡ
˵۹ⶾѡһ۲ŵ峤ǣڣ˭峤ô
߲׷ױʾԼԸӵ峤ʱǲѾҪˣ˭֪һ峤£һķչ
޵£߲ڽоʢķӭ峤ĵ
߲ΰ֮ҶξʽΪһ峤
Ҷĵһ£һڲдϴ
ԭ֮ףͬ峤Գȥµʱ򣬱ջα峤Ѷͨ˵ȡƬҹˣʹǬαԪָ
һبδеĲ֮
Ļϣ׷ԭЭ룬Ǭ㣬ҪƤҡ
ǸݸԵĲͬǴǰȥǣ塣ЩţԸ飬ţ̣ȷʵȻڹģڴ
ҶβرбʱոµȨǽѪľȨĻϵġ
ϴϳһԪһα峤һϼֱ룬ң󡣶ȥģ϶ٶˡģˡ߽ˡȰߴǧˡ
ͨһϵеϴȻʧ˲֣ǣһĶ鴿ˣǴһƪµʵһ


1219 ǻ
ϴɺȻܹһĶ鴿ҪõҲᵽճ
ΪְԱи߼Ľ죬λȨصĴжˣµĿλҲҪԱ
ҶβûмڰЩλˣҪ߲Ա˼״̬Ҫ֪ҶδǵĿĿɲΪͼı峤֮λҪȹ̵ͬ˹ϵġ
˭֪һ徹Ȼش飬ҶλĴУ峤
ҶǸĵˣҲǵԼȥĳŵȻ峤ǾҪΪδ㡣
ڸ߲㽻ʱҶǿķչǱҪ˰һսƸߵ㡣
Ҷι۲߲㣬ֻҪӵԼսĿģҶξ͸ݶԷʵŻ԰á෴ģϵ鲻ðģҶξ򿲼ϣʵĴѹ
ⲻɽͷɣΪ峤ԶķչƶһɳչսԵ·
ܳʱĹ۲죬ҶζȺĸ߲˽ˡ
һգҶڽٿ¡ص飬ڻҶνһϵе
򿲻£򿲵ĵλһΣǾǸ峤ֻҪҶβڵʱȫȨ鳤һְ
ΪսŹ£ǹķеĹսһˣϱҶİ塣
ǸǵϵһȫλȫȨ
ڴϣҶεԶ峤ҪãΪʲôܱȴ๹ɵĵ۹Թأ
ΪЭ棬Ա涼ЭһĿϣҶһǾһԱУѡʺܺõĳԱ
ҶΪʦ׸ѪķڿԲõҩֱԪָԱѪ
ѡѪѡʱҶرעⱻߵĳ˼״ֻӵԼļԱſܵҶθѪĳ֡
ֶͨΣҶл˴ԴΪ˭֪Ѫ󣬺пܾһĳϣ峤
ΪսҶѡ˾ԣǹսţҪϤһ弼ܹܲ롣
ⷽ棬Ҷα˷ǳŵ̬ȣֻҪ˭ѧԼͻԼյ弼ܴڳȥ
ΪԱĲ飬ҶλϸĹ涨峤ǳһϯҪвξû޷켣ĸ߲ġ
һþԱϲΪմǰĹͨǸְܣʵϵĲƽȡϼҵĺһͱȱĺߣӵչˣ߲Ϯġ
ҶǴͳһЩ庮Ҳ˳ͷصĴûᡣ
һЩԺ֮ŵԱĻ϶Ҷε˽кá
Ҷζɴ˿Ĳ˳ֵ׼ⲻֻҪǷв۴ڣ߲̾㡣ҶҪ˲ţԲǸųߵܹһе֮
æһӣҶ𽥰͸ϾһҶξ˵ʲô
Ȼ䣬ҶˣԼæͰСѸԵˡСüҶ棬ҶйС氡
һȥСѹͲҶˡ
СһҲкܶûӰˣĶȥأ
ЩҶξͰ򿲸˹
򿲱ϹϾʩһ峤ʲôԸ
ҶΰЦ򿲳ϣôʵǺһЩȽڵģҾԵø߸ˣҪõġνûй£һ£ôûпСѣ
һС֣ͼΣһֹӡ
Ҷһ֪СѿɲǸʡ͵ĵƣ׼Сһǳʲôˡ
򿲳ϣǲСʲôˣҶСʵٷְСһֳӣôʾǱһϣСܹĹһء
򿲱˰˵峤ʵʵʵСҲûʲôǵƤһЩ
ҶԾ쵽˲ԣ˵ԣǵƤ顣˵գСֳʲôˣ
˿ĭ˵峤ʵҲûʲô¡ЩæеСѺܲˡǾ;ãû˹һǣҺͰС͵ȥ棬˭֪СѰǵһЩϡвϾϸİڼˡ
ʲôҶζʱԲ۾СӣǵģǵİɶǰһģôܹأǾβô
һ峤СѿСܰһӴһʵǿ˭ҹܰҺһ񻰣ƭСѴרĵطѰ˼иṩĳʳСôҲ㹻ˡ
ôֹ˵ɣС϶ǻˣ㻹ҪôҶξԼ٣Сѿʲôܸɵó
СѵǺϲһ棬ڳԵҲ⡣ӪﵽСܣ˵Ҫһʲôţܵŵı
ҶθоԼĿҪɤˣæʵ򿲳ϣô򵥰ɣ
ȻôˣЩСѵĹƻ󣬵Сѵĸ࣬ɻһЩСƴӡǣСѾԼСŻŹСѾ񫣬ԼСܴգȥձѣմͷСͷСܡ
˷ˣ⻹˵ãҶЩŭˣСһȻҲʰǸӪĶϴҹȥ
峤СѾӪˡ˵
ˣŶҲԣǿ϶ǰתˣҲȡԹǡˣСѱתƵˣȥΣҶҪѵһСӣ
˭֪򿲾Ȼһɬ˵峤ǿûŰСôһҩĵĻ
Ҷζʱ׹оһӿˮһ
򿲳ϣô£ֱ˵ɣСʲôˣҩĻصҩȫԹ˰ɣҶζʱɫɷףСһǸǻڰҪǰҩȫԵˣԼ峤ҲûԱ
˵ϣҲͻȥˣСѵĹ¼ȫ˵ˡ
򿲼СӪ̫񻰣⵽ҳͶߣְСѺСһõĵطҪȥ档
СȻĻŭŸȥˣ򿲱Сѵ䳡ȥ֣˭֪Сѵı̫ʹˣһŵ䳡ҩĻصζ͵ȥ͵ҩġСҪǹ͵ԵĻ˵˭֪СȻԳëˡ


1220 ʹ
Ҫ֪ƽҩģͲһЩ̲ҩģһͲмһˡ
ΪһǿᣬҼǰٲ֡һܹϵҩģһҩЧʮǿҩģΨˣܹһá
СѵҩĻأĹܵЩ˶Ƥͳԣ˭֪һԺǿҩЧˣСһʱˡ
Ҫ֪һҩĻأǿǰиطֲġÿζҩĵҩҲ˵Իͬ
֪ϸģ˭ҲôԺȣСλͺ͸ɼʲôʲôʼʱСѻܼţ˺ֱۣ۵ش
Ǹʱ򿲾ҶΡСҶʰ˵ԼܹͦסǧϢҶΡ
С۵û˹ȥɰ򿲸ŻˣСҪǳʲô⣬ɸҶûҶҪŭĻ߶ˣΪҶһ嵱Ѿģ峤鶼ãܲԹô
򿲸Ͻ޹СѼ飬רŸڲҽ˵ģļ飬Сֻǳ˯ȥˣûбĴ󰭣ͨ˯ȫرգֻҩҩڹ
õϣǳһϢҪҪҶΣ򿲿Ƿѡ
֮£͵͵϶Ÿô졣һ̲סԹ򿲣˭ó峤ʮ۰Сһ峤æѲһ£Ȼ峤СֵŪ˵Ҳʧְ
һԹҲ޻˵ʴңô죬ҪҪ峤
һ⻰ҲǴ۵Сۣ˵ʲôîˡ
޾СѲûд󰭣ֻǳ˯һѵ˼ͱȥ峤ˡ
һ죬ҶξСѵ飬ܲѿô
ҶöЩɵˣ֪Сǻǻǵز֮ΪҲΪ
ˣ򿲳ϣһжСѲģʲô°Ҳûʲô£ȥСѰɡ
峤û֣ǳһ򿲸Ͻǰ·ҶδҩĻ
źԶҶξɱһĺУ۰ˣ۰ˣ
۵ͯ޵ڶ϶Сѣ򿲺Ҷεɫ䣬Ͻ˳˹ȥ
ҩĻصԱм̵ʯݣѾΪƽˡСشСĶȫȻ˶ǲ𷿣СӸֱӾͰѷݸײˡ
һ޴룬شСֱ֡
ˣǳޣУúСѣô
һĿࣺȣ˭֪ôСѽˣһøأѰ˼Ÿ׼óԵġ˭֪ҳȥöʱܵҩĻؿɺãҩĻزһҩĶȥˡ
ʲôҩĻһҩģǿǧ²γɵĹģһܣҩĻصж󰡣СѾȻһҩĸɹˣ˵ʵڵģʧҩĻ˵Сѳôҩģǧʲô°
Ҷι˲ϽСߡСһ۵ֱֱУҶαǻŭ𣬵ھֻʣ޵İˡ
Сѹ԰ôˣ˵˵㵽ﲻҶθ޷ָСѼ飬СһڵϴץҶֻʡ
磬۰ۣʾۣŻۣͷצۣûв۵ĵط
ҶżһְۣݸҩĻزҲ̶ã㱻㷭滹ŲлҶһȥԲʮﶼĿģ
ãСҪˣҶֺҲ˲ˣ׼СѷķȥһѾסСѡ
ſң磬ܲ˰ղСѻֻỨڱҶקסžµ
Ҷ۵Ҫ֪ȥֻСܸʹࡣҶ˫οסСѣͷųԼʶ̽С
һ̽飬ɰҶθŻˣСѵâںֱײҶοԸоõЩâҩԼΪҵҩĽ뵽СѵСѵܴ̼ͷųǿ
ģһǼսʿͱˣСƾޱǿᣬֵܹסЩǿĳ
ܹ֤û£ЩСѵǿҵĴ̼ЩǿĵطСѵڸĸоΪеĵطܲô
ʱСܹɵܹѸΪɵͨ뵽ڱѸյġ
ҩǲͬʱͱֲʲôЧ֮󣬾Сѵϵͳ̼ҩҵҩȫͷţͲСֵܹ˵ˡ
ҶԼƵԼǿͨʶѹġ
һԵ뷨Ҷʶע뵽СѵڣȴСѵϾͰԼܸˣ
֮ҶθͶСѵڲ޼ƿʩҶζʱˣСڵǹ״̬ĶͲǴǴĻСѵϾͻգҲСǰǬΪĵط
Сڲһִҩ壡Ҫ֪СѿκҩȫųߵģҲͲֻҩ壡
СѲŻҵʹ
Ҷһ£ǵܽ⡣뵽Ҷһֻ־סСѵĲһֻ֣߸СѵСƨƨһơ
ɲǵŹйߣҶοһ֮аע뵽СѵڡҶһӴ֮£뵽Сѵںڱյһ˲䣬Щ̺ҩһϣϷӳ˿ںκãһֵĴҩ
ͬʱСѵҲӦƣⲿֻӵѸˡ
򿲺޵ҶξһһŹСѣ˭֪ҶΪ˸˶ٴ۰
һһֳҶڵҲһע뵽СѵڣͨҶεŹСڵǹҩĲһںϣȻСա
һ򿲺޸оˣ峤ϼˣҪ֪Ź峤ֳʵǴϼҲ˵峤еŹ򣬾Բô򵥵ġ
һҶδƨƨٶʱ򣬾СѴ磬ʹҰˣʹҰ
򿲺޼ӣɺãʹǻ֮ˡ


1221 һĳͻ
ҶûСѶһߣͷϵĺ˵˰ʣµԼɡҿܲˡ
һϵеڣСѵĶӻЩۣǾܹܵķΧ֮ˡС˼£ͱ˴۾˯ȥˡ
ҶԻָһ£оԼе㷢飬Ҫ֪ҩĻصҩĿǰǧµĶһҩģҲǧĻ۰
СôĶҩҶεܼĴ롣ǰڵؿǣ٤ǻϵõȻܹҶβܣϸҪôҪʱ䡣
Ҷ򿲰ѻ˯СѱС۽ǻỨ߻һӣǷ簮ֿʼˡ
һذҹοķֻһЩʳľʲôˡҶηԸ
Ҳˣ˵ʲôҪǻСڹغãǧٳˡ
ص˽ҶϢһ£ȴ򿲼ҴܽҶһСֳʲô˰ɣ
򿲴ĲСѵϢȴһʮĻϢ
ΧĹϣսźͲݵ˷˼ҵĳͻֹ򿲵õϢΪֹѾ幰սսʿսжʮ࣬˹Ĺ
Ҷ˲ɵô󺧣ĿǰΪֹûһôҹ壬Ǹгģ˭ҲûǼ丽Ĺ
˭
ѵô
ǽЩ·ɻһްһĴڣ˿гѷɫôᷢأ
ϸ룬Ҷ򿲴ϰǽ뵽״̬κԱʱ򶼲׼룬ңöߣһץ˵
սǿӦԽսķ棬ǲĺԶ˵Ҷսͳ˧֮Ĳˡ
ȥִսʱ¹ƵҶǳ˽ǵĹ
ΧŹ򣬷ֱǹһһֱµĵطڹһϡ
ҶθϵʱѾһϵڰ˵սʿ
峤ҶεˣϹʩ񣻡սŹ𣬼峤
ҶȻϲȽڣھЩӦǱزٵġΪֻܹɾһжָӵϰߡ
ضˣϸһҶֱ⡣
㱨峤һΧĹפŹսսʿʮͨڷַǷеߣӭȥ֪ʲôط延ӭˣûԤԼˣȫȰ롣
ͨĽҶ˽⵽ԤıĹ
սʿһǼʷɽһǰֹöԷԼݡ
˭֪ԷͲսʿʣǼӿٶȳ˹սʿок˳æ
ʱǼʷѾȵսʿܽˣںսʿæʱ޴Ǽʷ巢ҵıըʵսʿ
ȥԮһսʿǰһˣļ̶ܲͬȵˡ
սʿæչߵʱһЩŻɫĲݵɱϮսŵսʿսʿ𷴻˫ս쳣ңʮһۼֵסսʿʬˡ
Ҷˣɵüͷ˵ȷʵһԤıĹԷ֪ʲôطģҲȷԷĹĿ塣ǣĿʲôѵһ¾ˣ
սʿŰҶδӳ˼оѹҶθϽָսʿȫյһҶθÿսʿϸļ顣
ͨսʿ˿жϣսʿҪܵ˺ǼʷǿұըɵġҪ֪һǼʷۿǲƵģͨǼʴ壬óһķҪѪֻгŻֱʣ
սʿ˿ϲдһЩը̺ۣҶοʦ֪ʲôϲܹЧһָ߱ϣ磬ܹϵļҲ󣬶ֵģǳǿĴڡ
ЩۼҶʩչԪָЩսʿˡҶһϰʹܣΪСѣҶѾܺĵ˴룬ֻж߶Ԫָܡ
ԪָһǳӵļܣҪԪѪмȻͷŵ⣬ߵ˿ڡ
ҶĴУѸʩչⶫķǳ֮󣬶һΪԪָߵӾġ
ڽʱҶο׻ָһϱۣΪ٣ҶθոջУúܡ
һΪҶΪСĵ̫࣬һսʿҲܵ˺ʵ̫ˣѶʮսʿȫָҶ屻һĸо
Ҫ֪ٵһòףҪһòָǿ쳣ѣ
ҶɫãϽ˵峤ʵ̫ˣϿȥϢɣģͳϧ˷ԼԪֵˣֵǱػ౨Ǵ⣬ҲԻȷǵİȫ
Ҷȴҡҡͷ뵽ܶࡣҶζ϶ԷĻǶ֣ǽô򵥡
ˣôϤ˰٤ǵʱ򣬳ֵȻ룬ķװֻɫ·Ҳ˵Щ˸峤֮Ƿĵ߸ԵĻй
ҪǣЩ˱壬ʵָĿ꣬ǡǡ˵ġûҶϻĴУ峤λãЩ˾ͷǬһɿҲˡ
Լ̨һ巢ޱ䣬ǵսԷȹˣңΪҶεĴڣޱվҶһ棡
һеһУ˳·ˡҶοԷһ£Լڻ˵λãôһ徭ϴͻ峤֮󣬿϶ս;ΪɢʱһԺҲûлˡ
ȻҶ뵽һֿܣԷ̽ԵĽʵкȷսĿĵġ
ԷȻǣǿ϶˷ǳϸԤҶţԷп֪һϵԱɶԷʧֽйѵ̫Υô
뵽Ҷζ˵죬Ͻŵǳˣֱӳ˵ȥңϵǵˣȫ룬һ
û˵һЦֲö˵ҶκѶԸ˰Ȼˣ߿ɾûôˡ


1222 
빰һľҲԶҶθе֣ľϣǳĴܣԼоģôأ
ѵţӦòģҶϸһ£˵ûôߵʵ
һոڹһİϣװ磬Ҷεˣ£ȫ˻ɫ·УҲڻɫɴ֮¡
ҶγԾǣ˵ܣ½½ֳ˺ܶĻˣ͵Ǽʷ
ܿ죬Щ˺ͷѸչΣҶκʮսʿΧˮйͨ
ֻҶζʱ뵽ʲô̲סѿڶ
ҶΣ㻹Ǽʶ㰡ֻ֪ͷĴ󻼰Ϊ׵ǸԵ˵
Ҷκһ˵ܹӵֻ˵ܹݺ磬ҲǲˣȴȻʹóֶΣδЩ𰡡
⻰Щ˼ֻһֱȳҪߵȵĽ֮Ĵڡ
ҶǰŹֶ˵ֻⲿȥһȭͷС󣬿ڲĿռȴԷһС͵
һڴָ󣬵ֻȴǱȴָ߳˲֪ٵȼֻڲԴ洢˺ֻʹߵʶУӪһָΧΪһĸо
ǸոգôĻ˺Ǽʷ洢ֻУҶôȴûɢ˿ϢҶβֱ˳֣űҶ
ʹһֻǳܹҶǰôˣôණһĳܹõġ
ĶӵҲһǷǳҶιƣгңҲδؾĶҲ˱ĴڣϾͺ֮ˡ
ǺǣҶΣ˵Щûôʵǣ﹥幰սţȻ𣬺ܼ򵥵ĲԣмˣҳɹˣѵǻҪΪ˽еºô
˺ܵȻҶεĳ˻ش
Ҷη֣Щ˵װȻһڻµװϣȴǴͬԼ˵ˣǽߣܶĻˣߣ¾˿ˡ
ӦݵȼߵĻӦŶӵԡҶŸӦһ˵ʵҶξȵķ֣ԷʵԼ֪Ҳ˵ԷʵܸߣܹĸֳеĳҲ첻
ߣߵʵȴǲͷ¶βģԲһı졣αΣյأҶλ̼һ¶ԷԷܲ©š
߻˶ȻȵҶΣͷ˻ôӲ㣬㣬ˣעҪΪʷżȻֹĳģֻҪҼҴ룬սӸˣУκθڸн壬Ҳһͳͳ𣡡
ޣôĵӣҰѾǲˡˣڻҶ峤ǻˣۼ߻ôţ̲סѵˡ
߻˴ЦԭĳԱһѾ䵽ҪһΪ峤ʲôʸҽԭǬ뼸Ѿϴˣô˵ҲԪ˰ɣˣһôĹҵ
ԭһڵȻҵ߸壡ȥɣ
˵ţŤ任α塣ǿĹʽΪ͸˶Է߸壬ҲջԷ峤ǿĹ
ۿɽɳͷײЦһˣһ֣һߵĻ˹Ӵָͳһһӡ
ʱһĴڰչԽչԽ󣬾ȻѰնסˡǰˣͺһͷһ
Ҫı䷽̫󣬸ûлĿռ䡣һţʱһɫǸ߻˻ȥ
˭֪ƺƴ繥Ӵ߻˵󣬾Ȼͬˮһ˳߻˵·ת˼Ȧʧˣ
׵缼ܣҲˣ߻Ա߹Цڸеĵ⡣
ҶĺȻĶЩ˸Ϲųһһ壬ǿ϶˳ֵ׼ո׵缼ʧЧȻڶԷԤı׼С
˵䣬ޱӴײĴȻסȻҡڣҪѷϵĴ˭֪ȴǽʵ쳣ƾô˦壬
ңļĴԽԽճһѪۡ
ʹߣҶԺȻ両⼸֡ͳһǵ۹սУΪʹߵĳ֣ʹͳһ쳣ա
ңΪʹߴȥһЩؾ˾޴ʧ
ŴҶʵϤˣڶԶӵսУʶһݴ˲Լʹá
ĴƵĴͬͬԴĶֻ߻ʹõĴͶȣʹƳĴͬն
˵Щ˵ıܣӦþɳʹߵˡ
û˱ӦþҪԸ˵ʼٸߣ
ԭǣ½һֱ磬֮ĲĲɢǣҶȼ޾ŭڵͿ̿ΪҪˣޣôҶջ
߻ҲȻ򣬴ϲ˵ô磬ż¶һɾʧˣԭ㰡ǻһֱɣڿȷˣҶΣǺӰȻҺ³˫㣬Ǿĵһˡ
˵꣬߻Ͽʼߵ֡
һ߻ִҶκ幰սŵսʿ˹óЩ߻˾Ԥı׼ԸԱģеĴԶԸԱǿս̬Ǿ仰ǿĲ壬ԶһŰػģ
Щ˿߻ٿǼʷɢǼʷм䣬Ĵ˴˲
սŵսʿη壬һ仯˱ģŰҶΧġԱԣսҫ
ҶοȻǸٿشס߻յһָ
ʱһŴâľ߻˽ס˿ֲս߻һҽУգۼڷ
ţҶٴεһָһԻõĻӰĴʱϵĴ绯˻ҽӰе


1223 ڤ
ۼ峤Լϵʹľܣ峤䣡
սʿʱʿ񣬼ŲҲ̲ס峤䣡޵У
һŶ־˻쳹أ
ǺǣҶΣû뵽㻹Ԫؼܣе˼峤Ҳȥġ߻ЦЩֶʲôأΪ˶Ը壬ǿ׼̫ˣѵþƾܾܰ屻ô
ߣôնƣҲȲΪ϶ܶѵľġþƾЩ⼿ôҶεشͬʱָһӣһâ鲼âɢϵѪȫˣָ
ԪָҶΣҹĿ࿴ˣˣ㱾ѪĴУǱԩˣǸ˳ǿĶ֡ҶΣг׼һûհɵϧǣε׼̫ˣ
߻һ˵ţһߴԼĴָͳһĹĸѴСĶ߻˰ĹСһףʱС⻪ʢһǿҵѣЩâ˴ʱæϾͱա
ɲǼ䣬еĴȫɢƵĺ⡣
ڤ⣡Ĺ⣬ɵþ
ڤ⣡ҶΣⶫ˵һֲɵĴڣֻҪԱӴϣͻһҶΣⶫܷ磬ҿ㻹ôͻİΧ
Ҷδие˲Ҳûʱȥ߻˵ĿЦˣʵⶫô£
˵ⶫаŵúܣһţⶫǰֹеĴ־ⶫ֮¡ҲΪԭһѪļΪЩѪԱˡ
Ҷδһû뵽һѪ飡
Ҷ͵͵˵еĸҲԴоⶫʵϾһڵһһУ˫죬ҶǸԼǿͻͨ˵һҪѷһ壬һԿ
߻˼ҶζЦҲֹˣⶫɣĽҲǲ²⣬Ҳʱ䣬˵˵Ǻܲġ
ǸڤĶȷʵһ嶥ڵڵ
Ҳ˵һһĸֶԾУһԿҲԼľǾǵڵ
ֻҪ³ڵһڵͻͷųڤĳɱһ弫ΪǵʳǸޣϲľø涾ĶϳԶ
һһĻ涾˵ǵڵǹޱȡܹͷųһִмǿʴԵĹâҲڤ⡣
һĳԱ³ڵ֮󣬻ϾΪ˴룬Զɵ˺Ҳԣ˫һ֮󣬷ֵ̫ˣͱ˴˽ǱٲųĿԵ£ԷϢ͸߿
˫Ųɵ͵һĿģҪԼĿģͲóȻս
һһһֱûʲô̫ĳͻΪĳԱ࣬һĳԱ٣ǱһЩԿˡ
һжʵ˵˭һ˶أ
ֱʮǰһ壬̸Ը飬ֻҪһܹṩڵǾ;԰ˣ
һ޾УǶ壬лԹ޿֪жǿңԣ˫һļϣһ帶ṩڵ
ڵͷųڤ⣬ɲ˭˭Ҫ޲𹥻ΪܹʹڤԸضĿ꣬˰ڵûȥϲ㣬ͨиоγܹܿصڤ⡣
ǰĳԱǻ˻ԵĽһʹڤ⣬峤ԵϡȻ峤֮ô׶Ըģ
ҶΣ֪ô˰ɣ㣬һԸ壬ǻһĶڣֻҪɱˣʱСӾͶһλֵ֮ˣ
սŵսʿ˴ŭ׷ҪǰɱȴҶδ峤ڴˣûѵô
ѵ⣬еսʿȫ
ҶοΧĴĺǣԷĶеԱȫ
ССڤ⣬Ҫһ壿δ̫ˣ㲻Կڤ⵽ܲܰǶŪҶε¶˳Цݡ
ߣ˵Щè׽һϷˣȻǺҾͳȫˡ˵ţ߻˴һڡ
е˿߻˿ʼæ׷װԼһţɢĹĴûиλϡ
ͼ߻Ȼһ֣ϵĹʱʢγһҫ۵ĹâҶκһԱ˹
Ҷһŭ𣬵ڵȻһȭӳ
Ҷεȭͷϣâ䣬ʮȻЩ߻ˡ
ҶΣҲ湻ɵģȻ׵缼Ըڤ⣡湻ˣҲ⣬Ͼô
߻˵꣬ſڤ䵽ҶκԱĲ󣬿˭֪ҶκԱߣȻֳ˺Ʋ㣬ƲԽɢԽ
Ƽܣ߻˲ӵǧ㣬û㵽Ҷλһ֣ڤôҲ䵽ϲܹãƲһ裬䲻Էϰ
û߻˷Ӧ໵ĲҽڶٿԱߣЩ߻һϱƣյÿأһͶ
߻ŷӦŸղҶʹõ׵缼ܾһӣס˵עʩչƼܺľܡ
Ƽܵסڤ⣬ľ͵Ϯ߻ˣЩһأ
߻ŴҶΣɵļһ涼ڤ⣬б´ͻȥ
Ǻǣ˵Щûôʵǣﱣס幰սţǵܼ򵥵ĲԣѵǻҪΪ˽еºô
ⷬʵ̫Ϥˣղţ߻˾ⷬҶΣڣҶμԭⲻˡ
߻ŭЦٺ٣ҶΣбšţǶ㣬ɱˣοɾڲԶĵطӴ֪ϵЩԱܲһܹڤأˣﻹһĸ֣ʱ򣬹


1224 
Ʋ㵱дҶηŭ̫ˣȻȥԸЩʵߣûжսԱб¸Ҷʲô£
߻˴Ҷνлõһ˿УǺЦҶΣô˵ģҪб£Ǿʹ㲼µĺƲгţʲô£
ãҿɾͳˣ
Ҷһɤӣɰѽ߻ŵòᣬ͸ղҶֳֶʵ߻˻Щ֪֮ԼǾԲеģ
ڽ߻˰۾ɵԲҶλĸʱȴƲڷɿǰƽչ
߻Ҷλڤ˺̫ƼƽȿԱսʿֿƲУ𵽳䲻á
ҶСĵ㣬ҶһƻúܣֻҪǿ̺ڤĴͲ˿ġ߻һָӣһҲ̺ڤĴԱ߿
ڴʱһӰƲһɳֶ̧Ž߻˾һȭ
߻˴󺧣ҶΣ
ͼҶȭͷɽųĿĽ⣬Щգۼֳ˰˵ÿһⶼһ޴צ˷߻˹ȥ
߻ɫǲӲӵģɵù͵ùڽ߻Ҳ̺ڤĴȻǶ޿ɶ㡣
ۼŽ߻˾ҪָУȻӰܵ˽߻˵ߣͼʹâʢ伸Ҷε־Ȼ˸ˡ
Ҷζһȴԭɷ֮ǰ
һ壡
ǺǺǣû뵽峤Ȼϵһˣˮתڤ֮£㻹ʲôֶܹ찡
ҶЦ׳ڵ飬ҲֻһܹɵóͲıô
⻰һɫ䣬İǼˣǿǻᷭ츲صİ
ױϵȻЦߣһҪ˵壬ʲôµģڣ㻹ŵôİɣң룬ﺣǼ֤һʷʱ̵ķԱ
ôΪͿԾɰˣδ̫ûмʶˣ
Ҷ˵ţȻ˫̧ľʹ
ڷͷﺣϣó˲Ƶľ⾣ļµ
ﺣЦȻһڣϵɢѣĿĹâǾȻĿĹâдѣһڽµ䡣
ľܣҲֵǰ׳󣿡һ߳ЦţһҶȻӳһȭ
ڷȭͷϣʵĹâɫâ˲˷צ๣ᣬβͷ̬
צͷ๴һ޼᲻ݵͷβϵϸâһ޿ײ롣ľǺɫâγһ˫ۣ·̺һħݽȥĸо
Ҷδ󺧣û뵽Ȼôһ־ϵĹۺϵһ𣡶һǸͲͬĹֶΣ
ҶδһѸٴ߶ڵܡ
Ҷκͷ֮䣬ѸγһǽĹǽ棬Ȼֻ۵ܿûС
ߣû뵽Ȼ᲻ٵԪؼܣҵģﺣĹ裬Ծڰлûһֻ޴Ĳʷͼ˫һɹɺĹַĳӿ֡
峤Сģһĺȹַ磬޿ײ룬ֻҪˣͻްֵսƲıϸҶιսһﺣʹֶΣϳҶΡ
֪ˣҶΰһƣʱҶεγһ߶೤ʥ֣Ҷβ㲻ӭźȹַͳȥ
Ѫ
ֱǰҶֵı£ںȹַĸǷΧͨ裬˲ͳ嵽˷ﺣǰҶεһȣһ֡
Ѫ꣬Ѫ굱УһŰ׵һ޴ͷͺһŷﺣͳ˹ȥ
䣡һ죬ﺣһҽУʷ·𻨰һƮ䣬ɷǺÿ
峤䣡峤޵У
˺ȲҶλͷһȴеսʿȫƲ㣬ź
ǳʲôΣգϿ˻ȥ
𼤶˵峤;ܴģҪôѪĳ治źĻҲͲһˣ
ԣ峤ֻҪþʣǾҲҪȲʡ
峤ëŪֵǺˣҪӰ峤֣ȥŹëˡ
峤ùǣֵǲģô񫣬Ҳֵ

Ҷβò̾Щսʿսǹǿģɸеں֮ڵĸо
ǰؾǿнֹܸʲôԷΪְǲ˭ö
սʿǰù񫣬Ͳ˼İȫûеõʹƲмһСУԼļʹ
ҶϲսʿûŨɫʣȴһѪΪ˸ͬľǿðΣհ
һﺣ˴۾ˣŽ߻˺ȵ㻹ʲôϿЩĳԱ
ûҶγʾͼŤ仯α壬ë񣬾ôҲҸүү֮Ľ
˵ţľͲܲ˽߻׼ͷڤ֮ˣŤӴ˷롣
ھԵ֮ص£뵨ˡУһ־ҲҪŪơ
ҡһ䣬˲ʷﱾ壬˷ﺣߣѷﺣתããǼС
߻ƿڴһļһȻˣȻڤ⣬ĵѾֳƸסˡ
һжҪ鹦Ҷεı֣Ⱥף˵ľһûͷıûһǿ죬ȺҪͽ̾κΣοأ
Ҷǿ쵼ȺϾȻһ£ƴҲӦġ
ҶοɲԱˣۿŽ߻ԥҪҪͷڤ⣬ҶεϣϴӴָקͨԵѸٹУպɨ
ն
һҰ׵ĹâͨԵһƵĺݺײΧռ䲼µһ
꣬һĳ£ʱƬƬ߻ﻹ˵ͷڤ⣿ϽһܣԼһתͷܣ
Ҷϵʹ˷缼ܣһ磬еͬ˵ĲвӰ١
˵ˣҶδ˸߲ҵĹսսʿصǡγֵҶζڹսŵѵֺץһ¡ҶεҪܸߣҪΧĹսűܹʤε˵κι
Ҷŷḻͳͳ˧£սŵսܹﵽҶεҪˡ


1225 ı
֮ڸһ䣬ҶҲһ¡
ֻȻڹУǵԸȺߣǲ̬Ρ
Ҷοһ֮󣬻Ǿ֪һЩ顣
ˣһ顣Ҷγ˵ɫϵĳأ˷׷׳Ĭ
Ҷμ˵Ŀⶼˣǵͷ˵⣬忴ޱȣʵҲΣ֮С
Σգ
ӦûʲôΣհɣ
˶ؿҶΣв⻳ɣʵǿǲ٣ôţҲſڿӰɡ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һأϢ΢΢һ˵ǻţҿԷǳεĸǡΪǿԼãѾһ˺
ʱ·ǽ˭֪һǿޱȣִǿȨǻʵ۶༸ӡ
˵һ֮£֮ϵĴڡȻǿʵ˶ľǡ
ϾǿĴڣ״̬ΣǿӹɡһҪʰĻˣֻҪķһЩʱˡ
Ҫһ𣿺ߣɱ˵
ԣɱ˵ӻͲˣ
ԹűǿߣٷʢҲǸӣܹ۸ģ

Ź󣬱еķŭ
һʱ䣬ڣŭ
ˣҰ㣡Ҷüͷһšɫ
ǿǿƣΪһ̶·
ĲһǺܹѣҲǿǿϣǰǵ˵Ŀ
չ֣˶ͷҲ侲
Ұѻ˵꣬ǻһĶԲߵġҶε˵Ǹǿ壬ʺڳȴʺŪȨı
˵ǿԴУǰԵ̵Ӻ͸ٹ̵ĶǸͲмȥŪôĻ
ǿʢʱҲͰˣôǿǿ˿⣬˭˵ʲôأֻҪһ˥󣬰ͻĵӵͱ㡣
׼۵ҽУȴ޿κΡ
Щ飬Ҷξ̫̫࣬һ۱ܹ
һλĨɱ壬ѾວŵʱһıʲôԭҲıеһԱҶλ˵дһħ
ʵǿᣬ¸ǸơҪǷģڰΪ֪Ƽˣͻһǿİ֡Ӧöףı֮ĩҲ̫ԶˡҶɫˮ˵֮ͳĬˡ
֪֮˿϶ȫĻҪȻҲǸ߰ˡ
ô֪˵ǲģó֤ݣûֱӽìͷָһ
Ȼ˿ˡҶһֱڵȴˡ
ҶһЦֻЦݷ·Ƕħǣ˵ĺܡ
ҾһɡҶε˫ض˵ˣ֪ûͳƣڽǧĸԼ̶ʧĻҲûл˵ˡ
⻰һ䣬һԸⷽ˻һɫѿޱȵ˵崦ڰȵ״̬Уʵȴڲϵ½ڿѾȽˣֻǡֻǡ
ֻǣЩ󣬶Բԣսǻģ԰ɣҶһ˰ѻ˵ˡ
εص˵ͷȴǲҽӻˡҪ˵ο²Сȥ
Ҷһε˵һǿĵطҪ㿴ˣͲˡɣǿ뾽١ЩܾܿͻΪδ
Ĭѹ֣һĪĿֻڴ֮š
ʱվˣʱǿ»صˡҶε˫ȼܴһŨҵսӿ
룬Ƕ˰ɣҶε˵ƽˡ
˷׷ŭʾǵĴ𰸣һֱǿĴڣֻ۸ˣûбƵôݣ
ʵЩ߲㶼ǹֻûҵһʵɣϾ໥֮侮ˮˮԷô
ڱҶôֱӵ˵֮ɵҲܲˡ
ɱɱɱ
ɱɱɱ

Ҫˣͬʱŭ𣬾ҶζöĤҪܲסˡ
飬Ѿ˵ˡҪܼ򵥡Ҷ࣬һЦ
˵ʲô飬Ƕȥ
ԣɱǰӻ쵰Ȼǣ
ɱǣɱǣ
һɱɱɱ

Ǹս壬ٵ֪˵˵֮ﻹܹܵס׷׺
˭룬Ҷһˮͳӿ𣿡
һ˲䣬˶ɵˡ⵽ʲô˼
ѲɣҶһֻͷڹꣿ
Ҫ˵Ļεúõ۾ǿҶγ˵һĲ֣һʱܹɵġ
ǱزٵĴʩȥδΪȫ
ǿ˵ΪʲôҪأǶ֪ǵͷʺˣѵҪãⲻ磡
ҪȥǸһ

һűÿһֶԼķŭͿ񱩡
ҶοЦֱӺʵðɣǸң˭ȥɴɱ飿
û˻شΪ˭ףڻʳǹĵطһڴȥ֮ǰþü̲顣
ܹȥΣʵǿ֮У»ûĶ֡
ҶζĶ֣οЩأ
һ⣬һܹնɱһ࣬ͻ߽𣿲ǻһǧϰٸ֣ҶμǺģȺһǷѵ
һΣڣûˡ˶侲üͷ˼ҶεĻ
ǡǸô죿
ʵӵء
ȣҶһָն˵
ȣʲôŵɱ
Ȼʵ
ҸϢվͻ뿪壬ȥҸ顣ҪԾȣȻȥ顣ʱ䲻ܳһ뾡ȴǵĽǸΣҶ˵·壬Щġ
лͽ֣Ͼ鲻ɱ⡣
ȵʵʱһϵҶμ˵ŻһתҪǿҪͽ©Ϣһǰ׼Ǿֻǰһ·ˡ
ƺǿЩ˻ǿô׾ͱ
֪ЩԸţǿԲοһ£ǿαľصġ룬ǻкܶջ񣡡
ҶЦһЦеĳЦôԡ
ɼˣȴûһ˷
ôǿ󶼲Уο壿


1226 
ʣµͼˣҶûٶ˵ת뿪һ֡
һҹ޻ҶΰҪʱ˽ɣڶһѻ˯Ǭ޶޴ʧ֮ϡ
Ȼ뿪֮ǰһꡣֻҪҪʱ
뿪ǣҶξԼӦüӿٶȣֱӸǣҵĸݵء
ϾֻǵȻЧҪûжôôֻ˵šһӣŻЧ
Ҷνƶ֮УٶǸȥͬʱЩôչ
֮Ҷα㽫еȫϣΪֱʮ
Ƚ֮ǰĻһεٶȿ࣬ȻҲĹ͡ûʮĻҶҲ޷Ѹ١
еҶλ۾ӺȻһֲԶһɫе㲻ͷ
ǿʶ̽˹ȥ򶼰ߡȻȫҶ̽ķǳСģþŵʲôǿ
һŻķϵһƬưܵľ󣬵ǳɫɳأûһ˿
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷӦǱĳλǿ߶ʧЧ֮¶ġ
Ǻǣұ֮ˣΪĲǿҲֻ֮컯ˡҶκȻвԸ̣ɴҶûа취
һǿʳ磬ֻлֻвϵرǿ󣬲ܹߵĸԶߵĸá
ȻǿûʲôôҶҲ˷ʱ䣬ʶ˻Ҫ뿪
ɾʱһΪ΢Ĳ
СļˣҪҶεʶ㹻ǿ󣬸Ͳܻᷢ֡
ϢԣҲǵϢѵǡҶεɫ˲Լܷʲôµ顣
Ϊ˲ݾߣҶȻεĿȥֻڸղŵλһ꣬ʱԴͻ
ԼĪаʱҶѾԶԶ뿪˻ķϵʱͣ
ͣڻķ򸽽ʶݻһĲ֮ǰ̽⵽ǹϢ
а񣬺ڰ䡣
ҶζϢĸоѾȷˣԲϢ
Ϊа壬Ҳ޾ĺڰ䡣
ǼУ壬ֽһģûУ
ߣôáҶһϢȫأֲ󷨣Ŵ˻ȥ
ڴͻȥ˲䣬ҶʩչֶΣ긽Ŀռȫκε𶯴ݳȥ
ķϵ֮ϣǹɻƶϢֹͣһ£ƺеĲʲôͷɺܿ죬ֽƶ
ǸСĵļһ㾿ǺηʥɡҶۿţ˫н˸ȻѾԽ˲ϰǲԱߡ
Բڵ壬ڵ
ΣмӲĿǣڱ䣬˫۳Σһ¡
ˣҶεȻ˼¡
˵ʵǴĵײԸȷԷġ
Ҫ֪ڵƬǿռΪ㣬ǶĲͬģ⣬ҲƵľأ಻ͬһ𣬹һССĹҡ
Դӵ֮̽󣬱㲻ϵػս
ӶԴū
һΪ˷չһΪøǿһ޷ֹͣĿѭȴҲ緢չıȻ
ֻǣҶŭȼա
ΪʲôΪĸ֣Ǳ߲ȥ˱߽磬˴˸츲أ˸⣡
ҪûЩǣƣҲô졣ȻδЩǣǿʵͰǰҶҲûбҪô顣
г۾ȥǰоڣǻʲô
ҶЦһǵĻȹŲ̡
ٵȴҶֱӼ٣һ˲䣬ͳ˻ķ֮ϡ
׳˶ն⻪˸ѣǿϢѾ˳
Ҷ˲䣬ֶμΪ÷֡
ҶҲż˫任ӡǣһӴ󷨳֡
أ𣡡Ҷÿ³һ֣ķмֱ仯
˵֮󣬾ȻĽķ
뵱ʱ򣬿Ǻķ˲ʱ;ҶιʼʩȴԵǱ赭д
ô㻹𣿡ҶķǿϢֱŴض
ҶϵѪûأǽӲذθ֡
ϧȻûκӰӦ
ԣȻҶԤϵҪõĶࡣ
ðɣȻ㲻ԸҾͰҳҶ˵ǰһһɫì͡
ĵأҶνʶɢΪĳ̶ȣϸع۲κεطı䶯
ಡ
ì˲䶪գݺݵײ˵ϡ
֮ǰﲨֵĵط
¡
ˡ
ҵıը಻ز
ʶϸرʶţҪΪֱӵĹֶΣöԷԾöԷһ˿
ֻ˱仯϶޷֣ӦʱҶξѾҵ
һ̣Ҷ˫һìֱ֣Ӷǰﴦĸɽȥ
ìͬ磬ڿ졣
Ĺ֮䣬Ҷξǽì׵֮
¡¡
ը̳鲼ɽ
һӰȻֱ̽㶵طϸ߿գһ̳β͡
ߣ㲻Ǻܻ𣿡Ҷ˫΢΢ţһߴŶԷһ߿˵
УڵӰնĿռ侹Ȼòֶ֪ͬñڰ
㡭
ǻԷȻ˵˻
Ҷһ֣Ȼ˵Ǿͺðˡ
ΪǿֻʮҡΪǷҲǸˣοڡ
ҶβǣȸΪλͻأĳڵһŻķϵ֮ϣ
ΪѰΪʲôܣ
룡Ҷһһֱ˹ȥ
ǿƷ羹ȻγɵУֱ㶵и˹ȥ
һΧĺɫռ䱻ֱ֣ƷԿ
顭
ҵײ𣬺ɫռۿɼٶȱš
գڵ˴󲿷ֵƷ֮󣬺ɫռ䳹ʧ
أ
ʣƷֱײϣݺݵ˻ȥ
һ㱻Ҷθ˵棬Ҷ΢΢һЦʵһжϡ
Ȼڲ˵㵽ʲôģҶϢһֱӺȵ
ص̳¡
һɫӰӵ̧ͷŰǿӰһɭ
ҶμԷ˵ʱЦһֱ£䵽֮ǰ£һ˿ûоš
ǲҪҽ˵Ҷһ죬һֱֱۣץסĲӡ
ϵؼǿźرɫ
ô᲻˵Ҷαɱ⽥Ũ


1227 ͬսʽ
ҶεĻﻹڿƮţӰȴǽ
ɫӣռ䣬ţٵĺܡ
㡭ڡɳƵǻ죬ȴŭɱֵ쾡¡
Ҷüͷһһм˵ôѵղŻû̻ˣ
һһ˵Ȼ
Ҷ΢΢һȲ˵ʵΣѧϰԵ㹻˾ȵˡ
żȸ֣ҲͬҶΰڰ֣Ȼ˼ҵ
ϢһǱӲؿס˲һܵúܡ
ΣԴ˵ɿ壡Ҫɱ㣡
ţɿ壬Ȼ֡ܿϧûɱҵҶεͷʵҪȷһ¶ԷǲϵԺİš
ɿˣ֣һʹһ㡣
꣡
Ҷ̲סЦˣҡͷ˵˼ûʸ֪ҵ֡
㣡թ࣡ɱɿ֪ԼˣˣһٷϻֱӾͳ
ɿ˫ǰһֹͼλţ֮ǰγɵһƬɫĿռ䡣
һƬռǱ̶סһ㣬ɿƶʲôطһƶ
ҶܹȷǾԲţһֶԿռƿأʮǿ
ۿɿû촽ͿϺϣĺɫռ䶸ȻըΧ
Ҷüͷ΢ʶϵ̽ɿĺɫռ䡣Կռƿֶʮ⣬ҶûмʮŨء
ˡ
ɫռҵĲžȻγѼʸʸ˸űϢ
ԭγɣǺɫĿռ䲻ṩܹ޶ȵĶԹмӳɡҶ΢΢ͷַǺֻܲǶٻһЩϵʧȡ
ɱ
˼֮䣬ɿѾչ˹ʸͻȻںɫռʧˣһڳֵʱ򣬾ȻѾԽһľ롣
ಡ
ʸƿգ硣
ף˼ҶΰɿеĿ࿴ˡ
ǰһ󷨣Ҷ΢΢˼֣ʸʲô֮ķ
ҶεΪҪǿĶ࣬ɶԷȴǲ£ֱҶսܵ뷨ûС
˵ʲô
˵Էʵͣ˵ʮ֮ǿҶûʲôµĵط
ۣ

ʸײڷ֮ϣۿɼٶȱţսʹ
Ҷ˫ǰһƣǿ£ֱӽʣĺɫʸĨɱ
ǿҲ¸ҡҶεؿڣϵȴǽǣ㲻ĵط
֪ɿ϶ģҶҪ֪κ飬¶Լ֣ǾûбҪϻˡ
ɣҸһսĻᣬͬҲӦһҶ䣬ͬĴ̹Ǻ硣
ɿȻҶεĻҽУǶ˵ֱֶˡ
һʸţƺҪҶθɸӡ
ҶλȻ壬˫ֳƣǰϵҿЩȫƫƷСģ˶ԷĹ
ɿ۾ɴˣĲ˼飬ʵ⣬ҶΪλֶΣĹѰڹֶβͬǿǿռϵĹ
ɿЩҶνһǿֱӱ˲ɿǰ
ֳƣƮƮһƿٶȲ죬ȴɿ޴ɶ㡣
صһ죬ɿǰǿ
ɿʵǿᣬȴҲܲסǿĹ屻ƶżٺˣײСɽ
Ҷεȥ
ɿ𾪣һֱ˵ڵ˲ǿսҲնɱ˲ٵǿߣǰϢǿΪʲôǿ᣿
ԣ
ɿȻҶεòЩսǿޱȵˣȻơ
壡ɿ忪˵ɫѿĺܡ
ǿĿã֮ûгɹĳڣкܴԭĸء
Ŷ㻹֪壿ӦϹսˣðɣǾ͸ˡҶ۾һɣһĳ
أ
ɿִٳ֣ȴܹǿĹҶӲӲһ
ϧȻҵٴα˷ԶԶطɳȥ
¡
ɿصҵһɽ֮ڣֱӱɽʯסˡ
Ҷնûż֡
ǿһֱţǰɿΪͣʵӦòֹЩŶԡ
ǡ
ģɽ֮ڣһֵ
ҶüͷһȤ
ɿϢòȶߺͣҪըһ㡣
ûɿϢ͵ر˼֣ɽҲŪˡ
¡¡죬Ҷϵս⻺ҪĽ
໡
һŭɽ֮ڣʯɣ̳Ȼȥ¶һȻ
ʱɿ徹ȻѾ˱˫˫ű㣬ƨɺߵβ͸Ǹ߸ߵ𣬻ζƺѰĿꡣ
ʮɣ峤ʮɣϢֱ֡ı˰ɡҶεͷڵɿһг
ֻ忨ˣлῴԷʵ֪֪ˡ
㣡ȥɿһһٵغÿһֶôزռ졣
ҶƲƲͣȻɿ年˹ָ˵ɱң㣬Ҫϻ
໡
һɿ廯Ȼٵس˹ڡ
սѹڵľӻܲסأεĽսһǰҶΰͷսʹ·硣
֮˶óսʵҲǿ󣬿ܹǰȴԵЩ԰ˡ
ļӲǱκγɵĻֶҪãǵķǿ
һЩļӲһ̶߸ԵûԹ൱ڿڸֵ˫˫ţǻôս
ˣҶΣⲢʲô¡
Ȼ棬ҾúõһѣҶЦһϬ
ԽԽɿ壬ҶκĴأ
ͣ
ҶȣֱӰθ߱׳侹Ȼɿһˡ
ɿЩԾҶεֶΣҲǼģ֪֮ķ׼ٶȲֱ
ˢ
һӰиռ䣬ֱҶεŶȥ
ҶιһЦƾճһ󵶣ͨԵһģһ
أ
󵶱׼ȷش˺Ӱ֮ϡ
ӰȥҶſֻɿƨɺߵһβ͡
ԽԽ˼ˣҿ㻹ʲô¡Ҷγڵսⱬ


1228 ޴
ɿ岻˵ˣѣϢȻٴα
ҶβҴ⣬ǿǳģɲ﷭˴
໡
ɿЩ죬ƺΪʹ࣬ҶθղŵĹˣôֻ˵
б仯
ɿӴ֮оȻСһ룬߲ϵճҺأЩҺһؾͻѵʴˡ
ɺӶݺݵضҶΣǷĶǡ
ಡ
ҶιʱɿӺȻʧˡ
ţҶεΧ㴫һ󼱴ٵƿ
ǿٶȣѵǴ˵еĶα𣿡Ҷΰ棬ֱַΪǿᣬʹкôСȻҲкô
ҶȻһֻ࣬һɫĿռѷ֣ǿǣҶһᡣ
ˢ
һâβֱҶζ
Ҷһֱֱض׼ֲβ̡
صһ󣬴󵶾Ȼֱɢˡ
Ҷһͺһӱ˶ȥ
еĶڶ̶̼֮ˣ˷׷վ¶һı顣
ҶɫĴ㸶˴ۡɿһģѾ뵽˿񻯵״̬
Ҷһ˫۱䡣
˫ǰһǹֱӱҶζʶ֮£ɿҪܶУֻܹǿӲ¡
ɿȻ壬һһţճҺ壬մȾ˳ǹ֮Ϳٵڻ
ǹɿǰʱѾûжˡ
ʱɿ徹ȻһţֱӽѾͳǹ̵ˡ
Ҷ̲סر˴ֿڣδ̫˰ɣ
ַȫҶ
ʿɱ裡
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ɿ岻ܣըԼϣĺɫֱӽˡ
üͷһšҶܹһЩˡ
׵粻УǾͻɣҶЦһ˫Ӷ
׵ˮ
ָԹҶκޱشȥˣǲˡǿվ޵ģеԹֵܹ
һסģ
һʱ䣬֮иɫӿͬһܼؽš
ģһҽд
Ҷ۾һȴɿ屻ˮԵĹǶ˴󶴡
ߣԭҶλĺܳԾû뵽ɿǿ壬Ȼ¹Խˮԡ
Ȼ㣬ǾͲٵˣҶһתڵˮֱɿ塣
ɿŭȴûа취Լ޷ܿҶεĹ
Ĺǳ۾һ㣬ߵʲôطʲôӵķԷܹΪĵطص
ƣҶԭ֪ʲôطһ
ɿ㲻ˣ֮ǰ˵֮˲ûôǿʮΪԿ걬ʮ֮µˡ
ڣһʮҶξе㲻ˡ
͵ĸʴɿ᲻ɴݵļӲǱʴһͿ
ҶЦһֶһרѡǴĵط
꣡
⣬ɿʹధ
ɿţȻֱ뵽˵£ڻԼҶΡ
ҶҲ⣬뿴Էʲô¡
¡
ɿӷתţһ쫷¶ϵسš
ʱҶεĹѾ޷ˣҲ⣬ֻɿıϾ֮ϣ󷨡
ɿײ󷨵һ˲䣬Ҷֱ󷨡
¡¡
ɿתͣӼٺ󳷣ס֮Ȼֱ³һѪ
ǺǣôζɣһΪжôǿأԭһѲݰҶҡҡͷһָҡţıһ˿Ρ
ɿɺӽǹӷľͷҲʧˡ
Ҷ΢΢ЩԾյ˵ɿʱӦýиӷĹѵˣ
㡭ǿ󣡡ɿȻڣ˵ôһ仰
Ҷ˫һУЦôԸ⳼
ҡɿͣȴվûġ
ΪֱһԶҶΣȻˣ
ҶαεĲᣬüͷֱ
ȻܣǿˡҶοЦһҲʰЦ顣
¡
ʱһ촫
ɿֱײҶµش֮ϣϱǿķ˻
ô᣿ɿԼҪɵˣ֮ûһ˵ֻƾǿʵټս󣬾ܹҡ
ɿҲû󷨣ֻǴûҶصģȻ󲿷ֵ鶼Ƶˡ
ӲġҶεӰ֣ϵЦɿеһС
Ҫ˵򲻹ǻϾϵĸ̫࣬Ҳȫսʤ
ܶǾͲͬˡ
㲻Ҫңɿҧгݵ˵ƺҪвҶΡ
Ҷˣֱӵڻʲôƣ
㲻ɱң򽫻սǻԱһΣɿ˵ˣȻе֣Ѿˡ
Ա
ĻԱΣ
˵ǶһȺֻ֪ɱ¾ڡҶαɿЩʧ
ǿģҲǷĺܣû˸˵
ɿҪڷȴҶɫһһξͳǰֺ޻еץ
þȫҪѣȴҶεĲǿ׳֣Ȼ׼ȷץסĲӡ
꣡
ǿɿӴȻӲ
Ҷеͺ𣬴ֱʩչ
һ̣ɫͱˣɿڵЩͬ
һּΪ񱩵ģ޷ѱոһǾҶεںֱײһȺҰ
ߣҶһֱӵܣЩ
񱩵˲䰲Ǻӻصĸ׵Ļһ㣬رգҶε
;ͬ飡Ҷһ죬ҪʮΪˡ
ҲûƵĿʼţܿͽɿȫˡ
Щ񱩵ҶܰŴһĵطϵתţš
ҶηЩ̫߲սʮֵһҪųȥЩ⣬ܸ޷ںϡ
һץû˿ɿ壬ҶһֽЩ޷յ۳һСš
һ֣Ҷεͷۣ
Ҷ۾һɣæŶȥ
꣡أ
˲䱻׽ըƬʧ١
⣿ѵǲͬ⣿ӦǸӸߵȼɡ룬ӦˡҶüͷɿ岻ܲˣֱ˼


1229 
ԴҶ֪еȼ֮ͨ顣
磬ÿǿ߶߱ģߵĺܣɸ߼ģǶأ
˭֪ǵǺεȵģ
Ҷξãĵطһֵأⳬж׼
ͬ磬вͬб׼Ϊ˲ͬ
һҶΰѵЩ߰뷨ڻǿôʱ
Ŀ»صɿϣһѾ˴Сˡ
ֽɿ嶪˵ϣҶЦеʵ𣿡
㡭ɿǻðɣΪûˣǿҲûжô
ҸһᣬԸңﵽʲôġҶƲƲͣʵ
ܾɿʲô޴ܣܹõ˵мơ
ɿ屻һΪ־޴Ѿ˱֮СָԭʼҰ滷˵һΪĸûΪ·һ
ԣɿѾ׼ˡ
ûһΪһһ顣ϧʲô˵ˡ˵һʹġɿɫ࣬ն
Ҷ΢΢üͷûпǵһ㡣
ðɣҾͲˡҶεͷץסɿͷ­

һΣҶûпɿ壬ֱӽԷļȫ˹
֮Ҷֱһƾͽɿˡ
λǸҵҶθһӣʬ嶪УҲ֮ء
һ̣Ҷξ͸ܵһɵ뵽֮УĽ
ɿ岻ʲôö˲㲻ãһķϵĽҶεٴʴ޶ȵģһʹһĹǲˡ
ٶҶֱӿʼۿԺڵļ䣬ЩͷԹܼ򵥣ûʲôӡѹż䡣ֻҶθղɱɿ֮󣬷ǵļʧٶȼ죬ҺǰȡˣҪȻʲôջ
ɿļ֮УҶηһЩ֪Ϣ
ǼҲôȣڵ࣬Ҷ໥ȨԴ
ĻȨƵķʽҰӱҪԴȨƣԲŻôһս
ȨƵԽˣ˵ƶ֮£ֱӽ˫սһ߳
ɿʵͣһүĵӣֻΪʲô飬ټϱжƺų⣬Żڡ
ԭҶ̲סеЦ
ļıˮƽǲô߰Ǹɿ忪һֻҪܹĨɱһٿܹˡ
һٿ˵಻࣬˵Ҳ١
һٿ򶼱ĨɱĻ֪ô𶯡
˵ɿҲǸ˲ţȻǹһˣԽ޾ǿգϢڿռ䡣һ·ȻҲǾղϣܹȻ뿪ܴ߱˵
ֱҶʱɿѾĨɱʮ򣬽µĻķǵʮš
ҲͽˣΪʲôҶնɱɿõĽ
ɿһҶκܿͿˣֻĲ׽һͷ
ͷǳģƺɿ͵ʲô˵ϢӴļһƺʲôҲûзɿ͵
ݣԼᵽһıһڣı
壿
Ҷδ˾ǣ飬Ͳڽӿˡ
ϸز鿴˰죬Ҷεҡҡͷʲô취޷׼ȷ̽鵽ݣܹ塢ɱۡ
УұҪ֪ǵ̸ݣҶγĬ˰κ󣬺Ȼ˵Ȼ˵Լģᶨޱȡ
ҶüͷȻĿռ䲨
ֻҶεͺһֱֻʩչռʱ䲻ϵı仯š
֮ҶͣѾɿ뿪һʱˡ
ΣصĵطҶδСţԼ
һҪǱ˸ˣǾٲһսھųʲôϼһͲˣֱӰ˾ͺá
ܿ죬Ҷξͷɿ壬һԺĵĴţɫܲÿ
Ժ֮⣬һŮ˶һӣ߷ʲô
Ҷγ׼˻ᣬֱŮԣŪΣѰһ㼸֮ǰļ䡣
ŮҶʩչŮģ
ⱲӣǵһεŮˡѾ˵ķݶϣɡҶƵ뵽߳жȴҪɸŮˣ˵ôŶ
ԶأҶѾμ䣬Զˡ
ŮǸɿͳԵĶҶֱ߶һʶƬܺαװ֮󣬸Ϳ
ҪǣΨһģȫܹҶַ
ˣԡҶΰŮǰ˵
ɿЩãһۣ˻֡
ҶŤ۽ǵѾɿһڽ˸ɾ
΢΢һҶȥŮŪѣ޸ļ֮󣬱
̽ĽҶα˫ۣһʶɿһһ
ɿ忴ģģܹ֪
ʱɿ׼ʱĳڼеλá
ǿˣڵ̸š
ɿ΢΢ǰ㣬Ѿ̸ˡ
ڵԽԽˣǱҪӿٶȡ
ǰϼһҰĲСҪһ룬ߣҾԲǵġ
һһ룬ȸٶǵĶɲôóԵġ
סˣսǱô˵Щ͵ȵѾҪ군ˡ
Դ屻֮ǵս½ߣ⻹ҪȫĨɱ
ǸôˣûдݹϢ
ûУСӵλԽߣԽƿˣʱһʰ
ãߴһ£ץˡʱǵͺðˡ
ǡǼ׼ôˣ
Ҫ˵ˣʱ֪ˣ
ã

ҶεɫһƬڣ̺Ϣʵ̫ˣൽš
˭ܹ뵽жĻ־Ȼ
ȻҶξ»Ӹӣ㲻ҲǸǰӡ
Խܵ࣬ļһȻѾ崮ͨˡ
ѹһֱǿʢһʱĴսʧôһ棬ǿĹҲס
࣬ѣұȻ֮أҶκ޵ȴûа취
ʵҪľǰȷչȴʱ
Ҷβٶൢʱ䣬˸ᣬЩԺڣ뿪ʱΣعԭʱռ䡣


1230 ʱշ϶
ˣҶεȴ˹ȵס
ȷ뵽֮УǱ˼ϣƵһͿ
ģҶЦˣЦЩ
漴ɢһɷŭ·ߣɱ⣡
ƺһŭ𣬽ѹеŭȫͷųȥˣҶָ˳̬Ǹȥ
Ҫ̵ʱڸǣҵ𲮣ЩҪ鶼˵һ飬ʧˡ
⣬϶ưոݵģǱȻһڽµĸĳʱ治һᷢʲô顣
ǣңҶֱӽٶ˼ޣǡ
ԼĪһʱ䣬ҶѾϰָٶȵƶ״̬Ҳ
ģҶȻ۾ͣסӣضǰ
ռ𵴣ЩƯŵʱѡ
ţȻôɣʱշ϶Ҷüͷ΢΢һأʱշ϶ǼΪµĴڣֻҪȥҪҵ·Ȼ˷ʱ䡣
Ҷ˼һȱľʱˣ֮ǰնɱλܵʶǱȻ
ԣҪŵҵ֮ǰٵظǣǵˣһһ¸ӦǰΣ
ݵʱ䣬Ӧò⡣Ҷε漴ڵֱӼ٣ȫķʽܿʱշ϶ǰȥ
ûһĹҶεƤӺȻһ¡
ˣҶδ󾪣ɫ
ƤȻûк¶ġ
Ҷνʶֱչ˷̽ȥҪڰȫΧڣǷе׷
Ȼʱշ϶ֱȵòй¶һЩϢ˵һ尡
Ȼ˵Բ󣬿˭ܱ֤һɺء
ʶۿžҪ̽ļ޷ΧҶһʱ򣬼⻪ˡ
ģı¶ˣҶ̲סһ䣬ԽżȥǣԽ鷳¡
ҶεǰһЩڵĳĿȷʶɢ̽ţȻҶΡ
ֻޱȣûʲôĿռڣרˣ˭еûȥķԼʶ
ܿ죬ķϣӰͬĶٶҶεķ
üһȻôԸңߺߣȻˣҲøһݴˣҶЦһı¶Ѿ޿ɱ⡣
Ǳ¶ôţ
ӵ޸֮Ҷε̬ˣ˾¸¡
Ҷջʶתתӣֱӵͷʱշ϶ֵĵطȥ
أЩ˾ҶԽԽˡ
һĲÿһ˲ȣÿһ˶Ǽ֣Ʊˡ
ΪץסһңķѵǲСߣȻǶˣǾͲˡҶһЦΪԾȣɱˡ
Ҷοֱʧ֮С
￿ʱշ϶ռ䶯ʮ˵ʶ̽顣
ҶУȻе㲻ǰһ󷨣Ӧͻ״
͡
ʱշ϶ϵţʱʱСϻԼء
֮Ĳʱշ϶ֻ֮ǰ֪ҶǸʮѲļһȻҴؿ
ţôӰˣ
ʶȫ̽ⲻܽʱշ϶˰ɣ
ܣСżȥǣԲ˷ʱġ
Ȼȷ⸽ǻʲôְɣ
ãǹ

¡¡ҵıըʱշ϶ΧĿռԽȶˣһ̶ϰʱշ϶չ
Ҷ֮ڣټϢ޷̽鵽ǵ˴ΣգȻ
֮󣬹޹ͣ
Ȼǲ⣬Ҷεʲôֶζܿģ˵ʱշ϶
ʱһ˴ӴָͳһԲﶪĶֱӶʱշ϶֮С
ʱշ϶֮УֻüһɫĹ⻪ʧټˡ
ЦһɫǾ˵λСӻʱշ϶Ȼ걾״̬û˽У
⻰һ˷׷׽ԷȻûߣǾͿΧκεط
ҶͻȻɱĻǽɶ˺˲ôһûġ
λǶǸ֣ôˣҪ𣿡
ʱһλΪߣʮĺɫ󺺣ɤӺ
Ŀ࣬ͬһͷһ㣬ŵⱩÿһС
ү˵ô죬Ǿô죬֮ǰԸˣǶָӣ
԰үָӰɣֻҪǺúúʰһСӻûġ
ү˵Ƕš

֮з׷дͷ֮˷ԣΪӴ󺺴ͷ
ΪүĺӺǺһЦ¶һɫݣ˵ãȻλңҾͰλø⣬ǺɱСӣȥ빦ͣ
˷׷̾ƺѾҶûκˡ
һСӣʰףλи򵥵ķӣǽһƬˣúүҰطըһƬܹ㵽ʲôطȥүɤӺģ˽ӡ
һⲻǳûΣյ飬˭ԸǷ׷׵ͷӦ
˽ΧȦչһЩү㹻Ŀռ䡣
ҶһֱۿţǺүļβףͬŶԲߣȷԼȫ
Сӣӣү͸ᣬԼү֤ɱ㣬ֻǰȥүغ˵֮仹ԼɳСȭͷ
Ҳú£ϱ߸ү˵ɱ㣬ֻһЩҪ㡣ү˵һ˫ǲɱ۾ȴǳ
ҶβмЦһôͼķӾȻҲãⲻ֪ôдġ
үмӣҶȻûлظһʱ䵽ѡǾͲֺܹүˣ
ϣүֱڿն𣬽ͬһһ£ݺݵ֮ǰվƽ֮ϡ
¡
ˡ
շĲţֲĿռ϶һţȻûȫѣЩ³ֵĿռѷȴܹҶ¶һ˿š
ռѷĲҶεڣҶüͷһšȻֱվֱһףͬʱԱ
䡭
ը˶ͻȻֵһĻһͷӦ˹ĹͬһسҶΡ
ȻϷߣݵò𣿡ҶβмһЦƾŷеʱ䡣
¡¡ײҶΰȻվ֮УЦԽԽŨˡ
үǰɣ֪˭أҶγʵڻûпĲ˭ҵġ
Ҷв٣Ҳ̫࣬϶ġ絽磬ô壬Ķ֣Ҳ̫ࡣ
үһЦļһ˵ûбҪ֪ô࣡


1231 
ǲСֻǣʵ𣿡
ҶεһЦһĪļơ
үüͷһץһĺɫ룬ٺЦ֪ԡ
ǾɣҿӲӦͦáҶЦϷ֮
ߣɣүȻǸƢټʵˣֱӶˡ
һүȻһȦǵֱ
ҶҲһô棬۾ôļƣ˫ۣԴǻļһ
үٶԽԽ죬ǻһâײҶΡ
ҶһЦ˼Ȼһĵ
䣡
һ̣үͺݺݵײҶķ󷨡
ʱҶκٺһЦһۣµ
¡
ֱӱıըǿĳȷɹҪĶࡣ
үǽ׳ôڣô޷ֲֵǱط˻ȥ
ƺһжڼƻ֮һ㣬үǡ֮ǰλá
үڴڵشϢţղ󷨵ıըǿʮĸ֣ҲЩ
㡭үв⣬Ҫ˵ȴǱҶθˡ
ꡭҪ˵СģҵĹˣҶϷŪһӼһֱӶźүһɹ
Ǽٹķɹ󣬺үɫһ䣬˫һȭͷݺݵײŷɹ
¡
ҵıըٴ𣬴۵Ĺâ˶̲סرһ۾
ɾʱҶεӰʧˣϢˡ
ˢ
һ̣Ҷγһԣֳƣֱ˵ϣϵ˸
һҽжûüͱҶθһΪ
ֻǲеСˣҶƲƲͣһһĿ
һΣ˶Щ׼ˣһ
ϧҶη·һ㣬һһȭֱӡ
꣡
ȭͷɵشԽ˶Է壬Զֶ룬ŵ
ϧˡҶ΢΢ҡͷֱ۳˳
˿̣˶
Ҷ֮ĨɱǿɲʲôСèСǼǿ߰
Ǽǿնɱô򵥣ⲻİɣ
ôǵӣӦûиǣҵʵΪжٰɣҶЦе˵һ˿ɱⶼûС
˶٣ҶεͷһĿȺɵ˵ļһŶ˵ҲǣҪǸҶôǿĻǲԸڻҵġ
⻰һ
ȻǶһ̶ҶεĻ
ҶαֳΪԲʮϵˣ
ϧֻԼˡϾǶǼˣΪ˼ǵҲʱġ
жôУֻǶΪһԱȨ񡣼ǿǸֻмǿˣЩ˲Żпɽȥκ顣ԣΪ˼ɱ⣬ˣҲûʲôµģΪչ˺úԼĺܵģԳɳ
һпʵ
Сӣڵˣǿʲôãôˣ㣡үʵǾ÷ŭҶεʵ
ʵǿΣ֮ǰѾǵԡ
үһЦԼظӣλʱ䲻ˣǼˡ
˵ɫ׷һ䣬Ľһ£žȻͬʱ˵ͷ
ȻǶ֪ԼҪʲôͻҶθˡ
֮ơҶεһЦȻֱӱżӿϷˡ
⵹Ҷд󣬶ףԼʱѲˣȵȿ˵лὫһˡ
޸ڼ⸽ҲһĵطǾ͸ˡ
ķ󣡡ү˫һ죬⻪Ȼ
ķ󣡡
׷׺ȵȻǴ󷨽Ҷθס
Ҷ΢΢ͷ˵ǵ֧Ԯӻûеǲӵ
⻰һڣ˷׷ɫ䣬ǺүǲʵСӣȻףΪλҪɺţ
Ҷεҡҡͷ˵Ǿסңǲ̫ˣ
үüͷһšɫţֱӲ˵ˡ
ðɣѾû˽̸ǾͿɡҶλһЦȻʧԭء
أ
ֵʱѾײ˺үǰǽ֮ϡ
ţǿȣѹôءҶεͷ󷨵̾ѣֻǣҺƣӦòһ˰ɣΪʲôأ
ٺ٣㲻Ҫ֪Ҫľס㣡үٺһЦһ˿֮ɫ
ҶҲϻˣʶһֱ̽ţûзʲô֮
ףЩܿ϶ʰԼģϾԼǺŵ˼ҵʶô
Ҷ˫һչǰӿʸ֡
ȥɣҶγ˵һƣȺʸֱӳȥ
ʱ򣬺үɫһ䣬ҶηʸȻǰ׶Уȫͬһط
ҶηɢĻǻ˵ô˷ɢȻܵס
ڡ
үü죬ҶֻҪܹͻķ󣬱˳ִ
ӴҪСӳǵİ־Ҫˣүƴˣ˵
顭
δ䣬಻ϵʸײķǿҵĳ󷨲ϵزš
ˡ
󷨲ԽԽˣүһ˳ȥۿžҪƿˡ
үɫǺ죬໽ţѾƴȫˡ
ͣϾҪˣҶһЦЦôôǷᡣ
үѾ˵ˣֻҧгݵʺҶεʮ˴
ðɣȺ׳ˡģҶ۾һа˵
ֻҶϢȻǿһЩҪӴ󹥻ˡ
ʱ򣬺ү˷׷׿ţȫۼںүǰҶθƵ󷨡
ҿҶαŵúүһ¡
ڣ
ҶЦһӾȻ黯
үһҶأ
¡
ûҶεӰһΣƮƮ֮ϣӦ˵Ǹһİ󷨡
һ̣󷨾һ󶴡
Ҷ߳ͷȺһЦЦ˵ôƭĸоǲǺܲ
㣡үһûɫĶɫ
Ҷβ˷ʱ䣬Ⱥһ˰ֱ֣뿪ˡ
ǰҶλﶪһɹ󣬲ʱѷϵ
ֻҪ˹׷޿ɱĻ󷨣ʱ򡭡
һ뵽Ȼᷢ飬Ҷξ̲סЦˡǰʵôã˲ʵˣࡣ
ȺһﵽôҵģľȻô죬ſЩѾʮֵĹעˡѾ֪һҪ顣ҪٴμˣñΧ
ҶεüͷšţԽԽˡ
׼һҶοȥ̼ûټ


1232 ʿ
ʹâһӰٱۡ
ȻҶθо˼ɼΪǿҵϢԶԼеһַΣС
ǾʬɽѪһδŻɵĽڱܵķӦӦһЩߵϢңЩܹԼвľԸ֣
ããǼʣɲһصĵط
ĸǰʹ󷨻ʹƼܣǽġʱһɽ֣ܹ⡣
ǼʵУȥ÷ϼʮϰܹҵõ
Ȼ㲻ԾͷٶȣԼˣʲôģ
뵽Ҷη˷ٶȣ۾ȥЩ˵ķʶȴͷųļˡ
Ҷηɹһĸˣ׷ɱҶεĶģУֱǲֵһĴˡ
ûĸ壬ĸôԸԼ
ҶҲоˣĸ˵ʵ˵Լ״̬ǿʵĶ֣
Ϊ׵ӦþǸһߵߣȻʮǿ׼ĳǿʵڻߵ꺺ӣкһΪһŮӡ
ŮʵȻֻȴҶһĲĸо
еʱ򣬾ԵʵȷʵһеľأеʱһЩֶȴܹսֵġ
ŮӣҶξһʮĸо
ҶǰĿģطţĸ˾ǰһкĶβš
ԷûһѪŵĽţҶη쵽ĸ˻ǻԼˡ
ʿ
ҶЩˣǰҶҲûʿʿΪһ㶼ܸߣΪʿɶǱԼɵֵģͿԲȡֶָñԼʵ߳ܶ౶ĶصĴڡ
ʿҪߣҪܹĴֻҪǴ˱ǾûʲôǸɲġ
Ҫǰһǿ׼һĸֵʿʹãֱδҲ̫ˡ
Ҫֿ֪ɲǴײˣһԭʼ׶εĸ֣ҲƱµܹġ
ңǳǼʼưԵĲɻȱ£ؿĵ͵һҲܹһеȵҲܹߵȼ򣬲ʮ
ڳϣܹϰĲɸֵʵ̫ˡӵҪĴۣҪϧһ޽
뵽ҶԼ˴ĸԼĶͷûҪʿδ̫ʵ˰ɣ
ҶԾתͷĸˣѾ˺ܳʱˣĸ˲ţҶκܲˬ
ιĸҸʲôҶͣʵ
û˵ȴĬչ˶飬վҶε棬ǸŮӰһߵΪĺӣϢƵҶε󣬸γһεƣҶΧġ
ǺǣҪȺŹĽడҶεЦţܲмƳһۣǾܹԸô
˵ˣҹһ˸оҶΣ֪ôƺأ㷸ѪȴѳͷǲҪıһˣ
ҶͷһԼǺܿʹ˳ȥֻй¶ϢģһԼɱܷʱй¶ģһ⹰һԸ˵ʱ˿ƵģǴõϢأ
ҵĳ̫ˣҲˣϻ˵ԱŰɣҪԼĻѳˣǵõȵ°Ҷһɫߣ̽Էݡ
ߣҶΣ㲻Ҫ֪ǵôҲ޷㻹ǵúôɭɭ˵
ң
Ҷϸһ£廹û̫ӡ
ٺ٣ҶΣĳһͦģȻ֪ǺʲôˣӦʶɣ˵ţһΣһҶ˳
ˣ
ԭҶڷȥ½ǰˣǸʱҶ磬նɱһĺӵܡ
ԭǸһﰡǵüǵãСһǷģһţ˵ôôһǾһҪ˵ĳ嶯ԭǸһҵİҶκקĿһۣЦгϵ
ϳŭ飬𣬻˵ҶΣ֪ѪծѪôɱǺҵˣҪѪ
Ŷұ¡ôĻʲô㶯֣ҶæѵҪʱôҶζĿߣ˵
ǺǺǣҶΣ֪ѶԸҲûŻȥһ֣ԼҶοҶҲΨһûжģŮӡ
ʿҶξ֣˵һѪǺĸ׼Լͬھɣ
ǣЩ׼ʲôֶζԸԼأҪֻ֪ʣһѪԼҲܹģοƾ⼸֣δؾܰԼƵǸϡ
Ȼ˫Ȧת˫ּգۼγһ޴Ű׹ţߵһȣ޴Ű׹źХҶ
ǿ׼ʵȻͬ죡
ɱУֱӾͼŵĹŷŵһ͵ȼϣʮԻٵģ
ǰ涯֣ҶĺҲԥˡȻûߵʵͬóԼǿĹֶΡ

Ҷֺ˫ּᷨӡԼΪĹ
ιһͷǣһͷҶεֱҶεϮ
Ҷκһ߷ţĴкҶεǿ̶˲ֹһȼͲԷĹƣֱӾҰӲŵĹ
䣡
ҶηȭһȭߵţӲȭͷߵŸˣ
ֲĿռ䲨űըӿ˸оĿռ䶼ھҵҡΣ
ڣҵȫҵıըβȣˡַιȥЩٶȼˣ
ÿֲըǣǰһĻȴú˾ˣڱըĵҶΣûܵκεӰ죬ôǿҵıըûҶεζ֣
ҶһתӭֵιƳžžȭֵι͸ɢˡ
еƮʣҶΰֵĹɢԺƬչֳĻ棡


1233 ǧ˿
ȫĿɿڴҶֳʵδżδİ
ƾǿ壬ܹѾǵ֪Χ
ҶΣ㣬㡭Բǿ׼ʵְǸƭˣߵָҶΣܻ˵
Ҷ΢΢Цҳԣɲ˵ʲôʱ˵ҵʵˣʲôʱƭˣ
⻰߸ҭƿԣΣ˵ʵڶʮϣȴֻʮǺǣͷԵÿɹˣ
ҶЦ͵͵͵ûлǸװĶ٣̫ߵ˲űҸˣλȻѾ֪ҵʵˣǲǾ˱Ҹɵľ򰡣˵ɣôҸһѡǲ޴Ҫܰɣ
Ȼɫһ˵ҶΣղ˵ĵ͵ĶȥˣһӱôˣΪǾ޷֮ôǵ˵ôǼȻˣûŻȥ
Ҷκһ˵ʿҾ֣ôţǸгҲڰĸֵʿʹãԸҰɣ˵ˣǾƴԱʲôأ˵ǿĹҲûõġ
ɭȻЦҶΣЩǲ׵ġֻҪ㹻ļ룬ͻоԴֱʵĸ
ҶζʱˣԺҵʵûеԼĶҾܹ׼ȷյԼٵĵز
ܹҵԼ٣ǿ϶ǰеָ㡣ЩҿźֻҪ£˶ĴۣͻʮȥһȻͻŪֱˡ
ǺǹݵģƾǼȫԱҲû취ѵôҶҪ̶ȴԷţֻܹʧ͡
ҶΣ˵޸ɣֻʣһܹѸٸ̵ľԲԣһܵЦݣؿҶΡ
Ҷδ󺧣ôᱻ֪أˣԼնɱܷʱ򣬰Ϣй¶ȥˣ
Ǿ˵ҸЩϱˡ
˵⼸ҵ˾ˣ
뵽Ҷε¶ŨŨɱ
ɱö߶ʱһݣҲǾˣ֪ʲôζʲô
ҶΣҳϣǼʵһأԱҲɻԵ˺ɱסĴڡǿڣҲûа취
˵ûŴӴָͳһһʯͷĶ
󣡡һȣԼȻעʯ鵱С
ͬģҲԼĴָͳĶԼҲעС
ҶζʱоһĪΣƾŸоҶζ϶һڼһּΪ󷨣󷨣ǶԼܹв󷨡
뵽ҶκɣϻζξҪ˵İΧȦ
ʱǸŮӣһʴЦǺǺǣС磬кˣǺܲõϰӴ
˵ţ޵Ů˫ƽ죬ʮָָ϶ʱðʮ⣬ʮɲǼڿмٽƣγһ޴״ṹҶκĸ˽ʵʵڡ
Ҷοɲţһ̧֣źɫ״ṹͺһȭ
ѪһҶεȭųѪĹâƮѪ꣬Ѫ굱Уһ޴ɵͷһݺ˺ɫ˿
ǣҶΰԲˬѪЧȴǺܺáɫ˿ͷĳ£չֵ˼£ͷɳķһֱչ˰࣬ſһСľͷͷ˳ȥ
һ˲䣬ǸСԶ޲ãȻָֻԭ״ģ
ǺǺǣ͵С簡Ȼܰҵǧ˿ŪһӴС磬ûӴҵǧ˿Ů˵ҶΣȴһҲûжԭվš
նҶԸо˵Ĵ߶ΧĿռ䶼˾ҵĲǿռףɲǺģҶҪϧһд뿪ۼѪûдͨҶκԥն

ͨԵмǧ˿תһȦصͨԵ֮ڡ
ǧ˿һȦĿӣǣҶηɵ˿ӵıԵЩ˿Զ޸ˡ
ʱ򣬺¡¡ĿռѾ¶ˡ
ҶϾ룬˫һקɫ˺ȴôϴһʮֹĲ
ɲҲʶʮ׾ͽ뵽Ҷεڡ
ʱҶθоԼڵѪҺǷһ㣬СһѪŵķжȻ
ҶξȻͷתǸŮӣһҶθоԼĳλȻǿҵķӦ
Ҷδ󺧣Ͻɿ΢΢һԱε仯
ǺǺǣС磬ûӴǲҸʲô°Ӵ˧磬Ҹʲôһ˳Ӵ
ŮӼջ֮ܣɦװ˲˵΢΢һ¶ѩ׵ĸϵĲλ
ŮӺܣ¶黹꣬ƺҪԼȫչ¶
ҶθϽ۾ܣʶٿһܣʱҶȫޣˬް
ʱĵ飬Ҷ˿ռ伫ٱ¡¡֮ڶͼеĶȫʧں˺ҶεΧǱĿռۼһֲĿռѷΧԶžſһļ¡
һ˲䣬Ҷȫˡ
ˣȷֹģߺﲼÿռ󷨣ǸŮӣǧ˿ǣԼһʱ䡣
ʵҶҲûлӳȥģҶξӦֻȻͨǿϱ̬ǧ˿˺һ϶ӳȥ
ĻҶξͲᱻǧ˿Ի󣬵˱ʱ䣡
˵ʲôˣ
ѾԲ񣬰ΧĿռȫ飬Ҷκĸ˾ʹһĿռ䣬ȥҪӿռѷðճȥ
˭Ҳ֪ÿһĿռѷͨʲôطõĻռѷ쵽һⶼ޷ݵĺڶԱߣǿ޳ͷ֮ˡ
ҶΣ㲻ţôող˵ѡôãھѡһôܹʹҾѡ˷Ҷ˵
ҶκһûߡȻ⼸ǰǰУǱ֪Լ޷ɱ޷סôһУñĿռסԼ
ȻûɱԼܹԶסԼǸɱԼûʲôֱ


1234 ѷð
ҶһۣͨԵջصָڣűĿռԵ鿴ûܹȥխͨ
ȴһҶεҲ̫͸Ҷαʮɵľ룬ੲҶ߶
ҶűԵһȦֳ˿ռѷǿռѷ죬ڿռѷϴ⣬ͳȥ
Ҷͣ
ߺٺٹЦҶΣǲǺ̵ֶɱҰǾȫΪҵԵʣӦúܺҵĶԲԣǾͿɱҰɱҰ
Ҷοһۣ˵ûҧʱᶯȥɱһֻô֪ǶǼʴռ֮ĿռЩˣǲбĶֵģһֻ档
˵ҶκȻϸֳ˹Цݣʵ֪ôģΪ֪ȥҪ޾ļįĥܼįĥĥȥҪʹöǲǣ
һ˵Ҷ˵ġ
ҶκǺЦģ̵ǰǶǻܲס޾ļįĥڼįĥ¸ɳԼ顣ȻҲǸŮôõֶΪʲôŲãҪԼֶԸأ
Ҷгӣ̲סһ񺮣ûͻᣬͲ֪įĥζԼȴ֪жѰԲŻ̼ҶΣҶɱԼ
ⲻ˵߲ɱΪϵĸ˵ɱһǳֲ飬һľ磬ɱѾϵ飬ʶǳǿһһ붼ֱǲɵ
Ψи߳ܶ౶Ĵܼ񣬲ܹܿɱǣǣΨһֶεˣǲϵ
ҶΣͬҪﱥ޾ĥʹ࣬ô˵һҲջȥ㣬ȴ޸ģԶܵļįǲֵһᣬ
ЩˣָҶδСС
ҶεЦʡɣҪ֪Լӻġôѵû˵ѾõĴô
һ̲סʵõĴôѵܴȥô
ҶҡͷЦǵδأһŴԽռҴӿռѷ촩󣬼δ֪ľ޴ΣգҲܹͨԽռܱܿҾͲˣеĿռѷȫָΣյĵط
˵ţҶֱͦ壬һռѷ˹ȥ
߶ʱľҶܴȥδ̫ԩˡ
Ҷûֱӿռѷ죬ڿռѷıԵͣԼʶͷУҪ̽һ
ǣʶһͷŵռѷУҶξ͸оԼʶһɹĿռƮˡ
ҶβڰʶעˣϽʶȫսԼʶС
ҶΣԭҲ°㲻˵ʲôĴôʱôϽȥأ㵹
Ҷûߣ΢΢һ£˾ҶӻһԾһռѷ֮С
߷˾֪Ҷλôȴ֪Լĸ˽Զ
˳ֵ׼ҶλС˱Ŀռһ뵽ռѷҶζʱоԼǱֻޱȵĴסһЩֱַ𳯲ͬķҶΡ
Ҷ̬壬ҲǸоҪֲסҪķһҶ֪ҵĿռγɵ֮
ҶθϽʶɨµļ䣬ļУйרӦ
ʱǿռ伫ȲȶĴʱͬʱϹޣĲȶռеĺܶ࣬ڲȶĿռзˡ
Լޱǿ壬ͶڿռУԼоܹԽռļܡ
ܳһʱҶ֪ܣΪ̫࣬ûܡµҶ벻Ҳˡ
µĿռ似ܣľͻƿռ֮˴˵ıݡҪ֪ռ֮䣬ɲһǽô򵥣Ŀռ䶼Լصķһռ䵽һռ俴ƺ񴩹ô򵥣ʵҪԷĸı䡣
еĿռ䣬ܶȻǳ崦ĿռʱܵѹҲʹ󡣶еĿռǷǳϡ崦ĿռҲûжѹ¶ȣʪȣЩƽĶȵһռ֮󣬷ı仯ǼֱԵġ
ռڱռ˵һʺĿռ䣬ռ˵ֵ֮Ĵڡ
ɫģǿռڵⳡͬģڱռﲻʲô⣬ռ˵ĸı䡣
µĴԽռмܣʵԼֱ壬ڽӴռ֮ӦԵķӦȻͨʱָķжͨķУԻⲻͬռγɵЧӦ
ЩأҪǿԼӲˡ
ҶεǷģ̬ȴǲܹСҶν뵽ռѷ屻һ֪ռ䶼ռѷｻᣬʮָӡ
ܹĿռ䴩ԽǿдȴԼ̬ϱ׼
ڳһЩͷ֮ҶñԼ仯Ϊһ̬ȻĿռ䴩ԽмܣȻ岻תУ岻ûбռΪ裬˲ٵĿռ
ҶδӿʼϲзУڷеĹУҶע⵽ÿһŤĿռͨһ磬Щ磬пĳطҲпǷǳΣյδεŤռ䡣
Χƺһõ磬Ҷδû뵽Ȼ˾ʣ߲ʵԭʼĺι״ڱŤռѷȫܹ۵ס
ҶҪЩѡһΪѡ񣬾ԶĻŤĿռѷвϷУһѡѡķǲģ͵ѡʲôʲô޻ͷĿܡ
ռ䴩ԽмܣҶѾյķǳ졣Լ˫۽ųϸ۲ܱߵһС
ӹЩУǷǳԭʼ϶ĵطԼȥĵطʵ̫ԶˣУ
ι״ӳҶε⼸ͬУƾĵط֪ʲôط
ȻҶǰһһŤĿռѷչֳһܺõĻ棬ľܲɽкӣҪǣһɽۣܹ˹ĺۼ


1235 ŵ
ҶθϽķ˦˼Уѿ⼸ռǣ֮Ŀͷ˹ȥ
ǣ֮ԽԽСҶξԽԽӽĿĵء
ۿĿĵԽԽҶθоԼϳܵĸǣ֮ǵûмᣬԽԽصɡ
ҶΰԼĴԽռмܷӵ˼£岻ͣŤ״ķУҶθоԼԽԽɬ󶼵˻ζһ嶼оҪѺܴľһ
деľҶԽԽȫǰľɳ˹ȥȻҶθоһɼϣУקҶγƬ¡
ǵһҶγһռѷ죬ٶȳ˵档ҶҪ٣ȴԼʵΪ˾ȵٶµ
һʱ䣬ҶηԼѾҵģûҶηӦһҶκݺײ˵֮ϡ
Ҷ̧ۿʱԼѾ뵽ʮǳµĳ̫ˣҪҶǿޱȣ治֪ˤʲô
Իһ壬ҶҪɵ棬ȴԼʵѾѹƵ˵ĵزҶξޱȡ
Ҫ֪ҶѾǿ׼ϵΪʵˣܰҶεΪʵѹƵ˵زõǶôĴڰ
һҲûбİ취ҶֻֽŲãһ˵֮ϡ
յĿռѷһʵ磬Ӧޱȸ˵飬ҶôҲ˲Ļȥޱȣû뵽ȴôĹ졣
ʵѹƣζҶֻƽһȥֵˣҶŰʶͷųҪ̽һΧȴ뾰ɫ磬ҶͷųʶϽмѹǿҵļѹҶεʶһĳȻоһͷۡ
ҶҪĴߵʱ򣬾Χľ˸OO@@Ƭ̵ĹҶεΧ˼쳣ߴˡ
ҶκܸǣЩ˲ͬһˣĸѰܹ壬ϿˣʵȴǸɿһ㣬ͺһ
Щ˾ʲôŮʹӶԷֻЦݣе̰ײУЩӦǿݶ񲻿ˡҶμȺҲɱˣı˵̫Ϥˡ
Сӣʲôˣһ¶ʯһʸеĹͷӳҶΌŌ˵
ҶξЩ˼飬ͨ˵ǿˣҲô˵İ
ûʲô£ʲôطҶʵѹƵõ˼ޣɲ㷢ͻ
ΧȺһĿЦ
СӾȻ֪ʲôطͷеָҶΣ۾ﶼЦỨѵСдģǿǴ˺õط
Ȼһʮ־ĳģļһ˵쾣԰һȫܱյûֶǾԽģСǲװɵǵģ
Ǹͷ׳УҲǷһ˵԰ôˣҿѣҪȻıСɻˡ
˵꣬Ҷǰ˻κСȭͷвСӣ˵ʵȻÿġ˵㵽ôģ볢Ƥ֮ô
ҶôҲû뵽ԼһһһåһơҶҲһ
磬ǿ磬Ĳ֪ǣǷŹҰɡҶװɪɪӣġ
Ҷ뿴Щ˵ĵߵʲôǷбҪɵǣǲ֮ҶξЩɱ
ǿ磿е˼δŵĳƺЦˣϣ˷⣬ȫһĿЦ
ЩŭȻסҶεؿڣȵǿңǼǿƨ̵ģôôɶ¶׵Ĵôǿ磬ǿڣүүŶԣ
Ц쾣ˣСӴģŻˡϴǽɱˣ־Ͳȥô
һŷſҶΣЦһ˵СӣĶˣϽһֺţôģͳͳʵʵ˵һ飬ȻӵȭͷɲǳԴ׵ġ
ҶһȥҲֳ򣬿ȥҲӦһ̶ȵķչô״أ
ǼʿռеᱻǼǿռݣȻӶĳΪתվɿЩˣǼǿ˵ˣѾǿݣҴĻǿǺܲмģô°
Ҷζ߶˵ˣҽҶɴǣ˭֪˿ռѷ죬Ͳ֪ôµ
ʲô쾵Ӷɳˣɴ˿ռѷ죿ôģС˰첻ǱŹİ·˰ɣ㿴СӣôǷŵģҾ˵ġ
ɭɭҶ˵˵ô
ҶθϽͷǰҾΪùŵġˣжԶҸôܻȥ
⻰һٳЦұֳ飬Ǽֱǿһ˵һ
߹Ҷεļ˵жԶ˭Ҳ֪ȻˣǾͺðˣȰϵĶֵܣȻǸ͸ˬˬºȥūӪôģɱŪ˰̫ȱˡ
ǻǿҶδ
ôģ㺰ʲô㻹Ѱ˼㣿ɣ׶ǣ֪ʲôطô쾿ҶλЦ
׶ǣû˵Ҷ˵Ҳʵȷʵû˵
ˣˣȻ֪طˡСӣģҲ֪ס׶ǣǼʼŵءеϵײдڣΪɱȫŵ˰ɣȫ׼Ĵڣָ˭㰡
˵ţ쾾ͿʼҶεϣһ߷һ߸Ҷν͡
Сӣãǿ֯ˣɱˣЩײеĲǵˣˣȻٰɱˣǿɾ治ֵˡ
ͼȺһĽ˶ȴĿʮļһ˵Ӵ쾰Сĵ㣬ִֽŵģҵСŪˣⲻ𰡡
һЦЦôĻûŪһ𣬾СˣģŪȻ궫Ȼˬġ
Ҷһ񺮣ҶλҪʣˣﻹ˰Ϊʲôûпأ
֣ͣһ˵ģ˵ùǷģǵūûбѡ񡣡
ҶβЩŭҶǱģΪʲôǻԴˣ


1236 ׶ǵʷ
⻰쾵¶ײеĿ⡣
СӣΪûǺƢ㣬ūҪѹǿɵĴڡôģȹ湻㣬֪ôˡ
˵ţһҶεؿڣҪҶε·淭
ҶҲˣһ֣ס˷쾵ӣڵҶξһƽˣиּܶ޷ʹãֻԭʼս⡣
Ҷ˵ʲô⡣쾾;ԼǱǯǯסһž;Լһᣬڰлһߣúĺ󱳽ʵʵˤ˵ϣ
ţ쾾˼ĹԭҶһŲؿڣ쾵ؿڴĹʱѶ
˭Ҳû뵽ҶαֳĴӣԭαװΪһͷʵȴһֻǣ
˷ӦʱҶѾһһͬûĹֶΡҶεһȭؿڡ
ʶ˫һ⣬׼ֵסҶҵĹɺܲңҶε˫ֵܹסģ
ǲ죬˫۶ϳڲ˵ǶߵķһײԶһϣ߶ûкһ̱ϴѪ
Ҷ˫ȭƳǷӦ⵲ģɵ˴ԭصģҶδݿȭС
Ĺɣգۼ䣬еȫڵϷʹ
Ҷ˹ߣָڴһĶͱҶε͸ŴˣڿҶǿľʹһʹɫǲҷ졣
ʵĻ㶼һһʮҵģԲԣҶ¶˷ǳƵЦݡ
ʱͷ񺮣һĺ֮Ҷһ־߸ʧȥսĵﷺ˳ǵĺ⡣
ңҡҡҪϽʾԼҶθβһĻǹһ˵ʶҪڳһָе̿ס˼
ҶǿЦ˵żҲ£ֻҪ˵֪ģͻûµģ֪ô
ͷʲô¶˾ֵɫҶ֪֯ˣй¶֯ܣͬǻĺܲҵġ
Ҷһ״ָɵĶСѳͨԵ֮һɨգҸŻһ¹ˡ
һ£Ҷѷ쾸˹һֻϷ쾵ĽףȴǳŹҶ΢΢һʱ쾷ɱĲҺ쾵ĽѾѪģӡ
ѵҲô˵ţҶβ⿴Źϵĸ֣Ҫһʵֵĵط
͵ɱ͸оҶεĿǵһ㣬ԼǸط͸оĸطĺ⡣
˵˵ʲô˵ˣˣŻˣСĸζɤĳˡ
仰ҶŪһ񺮣ҪǿһŻҶδҲӹΪͻƿڵġ
ӹҶ֪׶ʵǽܵغ֮һ
׶ǱһǼʱԵתվչĻ㲻ΪڻĶˣһȺǼǿע⣬Ͱˡ
û뵽ڻĶһҪĶǵλŭɳĸְΧǼǿȫ¡
λܾЩǼǿôԾͲ˳󷨰סƾЩǼǿ
ַ£ôͰеķµתƵ׶һŵӵͿˡ
ŵ֣ǿּܹܿɽʯĴڣЩµĸ֣һǺ¶֮ͽǰ׶ˣλܾ׶ֲһ󷨡
󷨣ܹе˵ʵͳͳѹͨ˵ĵزǿսʿµΪ磬һ⡣ңΪԽߵģܵѹƾԽ
׶ͳ˸ͽľ۾ӵءзµĸ֣ץסͳͳŵ
ٺܷǳ㣬ͰЩҲɱģгֲͬĶ֣ͳͳŵ
˵ĵطͻн׼Ͷŵˣʼʱɱ˺ɱҲǰ취ɱһͨĻ˭Ҳұ֤Լܹ
һЩ֮ͽĺ£׶Ͻһɹɵ
λķע⣬ֿЩһЩ顣
뷨£һѹⲿ־ͳ׶һ䣬ܹ׶ǡ
أܾԼйҪ׶һʥԼķṦΰ˳ܹ׶ԣʹԼצץһЩΪԼ޽ʥ
λܿǸге˵ףȫ䵽ʥĿ۵Сң£ֻҪǿˣ۶Էȫ뵽ԼĶ鵱һɴ
СӣǸճѲߵСӣû뵽ϴҶΣŪ
Ҷεͷ˵Ķʵô
ŵᶼˣˣʵ
˵ţһѾιȥķ쾣Ķƭ˰
ţȨ˵ġĻ˼׶бô£Ҷʵ
һ˵ˣһǳ֮ͽǿ˭ĻΪѾ˭ʵƽˣ׶ôס찡Χ˼Σ޹ԾĬЩ˵Ĵڡ
ҶһʵЩ˶ʲôط
ɴ۾˵ˣǧҪЩ˰ͽֻԼˣһİˣ˵һǿȻɱ޶
ҶκٺЦû뵽ﻹܹ޶仰ѵǱҪǿô
ʱ֪ôشҶκá
ˣҲϻˣҵ۾ҿûѡҶβ֪Լܲÿùһ¡
Ѿϰ˷ӣգžֵ۾ҶΡ
Ҷ˲ÿԼʶɿ˳Ź۾ӿ뵽˹ʶУҶοɲڹʶжϰѹʶеļ临һ飬ɿʶ˻
䣡
Ҷξ͸оԼʶǱشݺݻһ㣬Դʱѣεĸо
ܲõĳʵ̫ˣҶʶһգ۵ʱ䣬ȻܵôĴ


1237 Ӫ
ҶλλԴܿͻָ
֪֪йڳ飬ҡͷ˵治֪
鿴һ¸ƹļ䣬Ҷ֪û˵ѣԹ˵˵㻰ȥǵͷĿһ
˵ҶһΣ˷쾵˵ߣҶβȡΪķһŰЩ˵Դ߱Щòˡ
˵ЩʲôҶıֻ֣סԼͣʹԼܷκε
߰ɣʲôôҶ˹ߣЦ˵
Ŵޱȵѹһ˵һж˷Ըһж˷Ը
ߵ·ϣҶνô˵ҰԼĴָУҶ֪Щūȥô¡
һ·ͷҶɽߣɽʱ򣬹˵ˣǰ治Զڿˣעˡ
ҶεͷЦǿһϵˣʲô죬ƾԼϲ㣬ûҸѿ֪ô
ŵһ£Ͻ˵ˣ֪أһ˵ġ
ҶκһùԼǰߡ
ǰ˼ʮһʮּªڿҶεǰڿļªֱҶе㲻ܽܣȫûľͷƤӺҰһɵġ
Ҫ˵ʵô˼Ҫ˵ڿҲ̫ˡ
һˡųŮǻкҲûɶģרҵ˶Ȳϡ
ԭӻˣø翴ӵɹûУһͷĴֿӴһü۵Сආһӿ
ᣬ˼ҾͲˡƺϰĵЦ˵ĺЦн˼ָڿ˵Цζ
ţ԰ȥˣӣôԼˣ˭ͷʵ
أ磬ȽЩһˣǰﹷӣѷ쾴Ƕɱˣң̫ˣѷ쾴ǵԴˡŮ˻죬˵ͱ䣬ϡﻩµ
һӣʲôôùȻȽˣȽǵˣҵǵĵӣôӳģ
Ƚһͷ죬һаĵطԾûмΪԭǲᵽðյġ
ͰҶε˵ǣ˵Ѳߵ;УˣѺ׼ȥ˭֪·ϾȻȽǰײеļһ쾾ùѺ˶ڰǳȥɱ
˭֪Ƚ˶࣬ͰѷȫʰˡΪڰѡ
ҧгݣ޿κ˵涼ܰȽôǻܸʲôأӣȥϢɣѺֱȥӪǱߡ
˵꣬к¹ҶεȻקҶбȥ
ع⾰תһ䣬ǰȻʣһƬԲĿغȻǰһƬյأǰľȫγɵġһʮﳤĻϣһȻӽֱֱµĶ¡
˱˩һһһɽϺźǧֵľʯ
ҶοⴥĿĵĳʱȻϵһɱߣʲôȻ֮һˡߣΪ֣ˣ㻹ãûһúøɻܹ죡
˵ţݺһקӣҶյԱߵһߡ
үͿˡ˲ǰͷŲ湧˵
ˣܹ𶯵ĽŲһһɰĴͷӲﹰ˳
룬СЩϵˣ˵ֲͼôôһŪңôģСҰ˨ʹãλүƢܲãָ㵽ϣĭӶܸϴˡ
ȴЦүû취ﵽԽԽˣѾӳȥˣֵǿǺģûҲû취
үҶ˵һҲܱûǿɣСӾˡ
ɴ⣬Ͻһ̾ˣүбһҶΣԱߴˣϽźš
үһļһӲӺðһһҰҶһܣϰקͰҶڸɻС
ôģϸƤģ֪ǲܼһ¡ˣ͸һʯͷֽش򣬸ܣߣɾҪʲôζˡ
һһ˵ţһְֻѰҶ˫ֵһקʱ͸קˡϣִԱóһӰҶεĲϸڶ˿һ
ۣ
ҶαݺһţϾͻӵڸɻ˵ˡ
Ҷװ岻ȣڵأߵϰҶηҶһԼˣһŵ꺺ӣɵù˵лл
ȴǸϽ˵Ҫ˵ϿɻȻ͵Ƥ֮ࡣ
˵꣬źӸϿ쿪ʼߵǿǧʯ
ҶҲ̫עĿϽһʯͷڻµʱžĹľܹƵöȵǸµʱǼֱðΣոɻ
˶棬Ҷһļʮ˷ֳһʮɸߵĶ£Ȼӣ˰ѾʯãȻק˾üơ
ʮֻһߡ
ΪЭһ£ﻹúźӣӰӴӴӴӴɾӴӴӴӴ
ҶιƣʮɵĶ£ʮ˾ȻʱƵ˶¶ˡ
Ҫʱ򣬾žƤһŰȵ͵һȺɱߣǷ򣡡
һĽ˶ӣӾͳЩ
һҽ𣬵û˸Ҳ鿴ԼıĵطϽӽ⿪ǧʯһ죬Ѿʯһԭľ档
ʯԭľһǰƵʱҶβſǰɽѾƽһԲٶɣۻĳʽֵľ޴󹬵ǰ
ʽֵĹžǹĽʥˡŸոսһ룬ͿԸоĺΰɡ
˵˵ԱΪɨƽɽһ޴ƽ棬Ͳ֪ҪķѶٵ
ûʹճĽϣȫǰʯĥƽռͼεĶɵġ
úķѶٵÿһʯͷǴɽпģ˴ĥͣȻ͵ɽȻЩʯ鰴չ滮ƶ˵޻ֺı󣬾һ߰ߵѪʷ
ⲿѪʷȫ˵Ѫдġ


1238 췴
ҶԷ߷߲ƽȴȻһĺХҶαԱһ㣬һӿҶεԹ
ļ๤ָҶδȵɱߣȻҶӵıӣҿǲˡ
˵ţ๤Ҫ߽ȺҶΡ
Ǹŵ庺ס˼๤˵ˣ˲أϣԭһ£ʯ鶼ѾƵˣҪǵĻ»Ӱȣ㿴ǲǡ
๤ǰ󣬷һƽʯõʩĽҪϣһ£۾ȵôͦʬϽɻСӣôñ䵽һؾҪġ
ȼ๤ߺ󣬺ŵĺӸϽкǰʯͷ
ҶСллλ磬֪ôƺ
źЦҶ䵽һͬˣ໥ҲӦõġҽк֪Сֵôƺ
ҽҶΣ磬ôİҶһǰʯͷһ߸š
ȣһѾΪһ彻񣬱ץıŵġ̾Ϣ
ô˵ǵˣôˣ׼ﰡһ˵һķߣҶζøС
ҡҡͷҲǵˣڸ̵ˣΪһԵĴѹԲŻһЩֵǷʵãץˣͱŵ
ҶЩʧ̽ǵȴȻǵˡ
ҶλһЩʱ򣬾˵˵ˣϾҪʯͷˡ
䣬ͼŻ˹ֺ˵ǰʯͷѵ棬ȥ
Ҷ˳˵˵ָȥȴǶѾõİعǽ֮ϣʯ״ܹȥ
ôʯŪȥ
ҶԼܹʯͷѴ֮ȥЩΪͬڳˣǧʯŪȥǼֱǲɵ񰡡
ʱ߳飬˵λүǣǧϸϰ˵ʱǧҪ񣬷ֶϽţһûˡʯͷķӣҶɢӴ
źһ£⼸ʮ˷ֿӣжʮ˰صĹǽӣ˰ãȻһʹѾ޴ʯϡ
ʯ棬һȥקסӣһȥʮ˾Ͷ˳ǽ棬һקʯ顣
СҶΣҶֵܣʯʱΣյģǧôģһǿǻ˵ġ
ҶȻûɹô֪ܲеΣأʯʱΪҪǽ˿Ϸ죬ԾͻἷѹȺվĿռ䣬ֻҪԲ񣬽һͻȥ˵˾ǹǶϽۣ˾һغ
˺źӣһʯק˳ǽеүСĽ˰һŲǧҪҵĿһӴϣӴϡ
ںָ£޴ʯ鷢˿ֲĦһǽϷ졣ȻһĲҽһ๤Ϊƶ΢㣬ʯסˡ
ʯƶٶȻǳ쳣Ӵǧ֮ޣס˸Ͷˣ˯}˵˻
ʱе๤ȫƶʯÿ˶Ϊʯռ˿ռ޷ϾȥǸˡ
е๤洦һΪѵľأŲʯ飬ǸסĿ๤Ҳǲˣһͻɥ
ҪǲŲʯ飬վĵطֻһĿռ䣬ʱܻȥ
ôģͣʲôϿʯƵλãôģ˹ڣǲһŻļһݺһǸסĿ๤
һҵ˻Ǹ๤ʱûһȱϣʱ˹ȥ
ǸŻ˹ЦӣѪ̨Ǳ߿˶ˡ
Ҷгŭ𣬲ҪһקҶ˵Ҷֵܣ³çҪǷĻһҪ͵Ѫ̨ȥ
ŻļһȻȵŸʲô鷳ѾȥˣѵҲ뱻͵Ѫ̨ȥô
ҶλΧĿȫ¶֮ɫ˭ڱжźܴΡ
Ѫ̨ǸʲôȥҶСʵ
ǿǸĵطͶȥ̨ли𲿼һĥ飬һװãסͶ̨е˵ĻǣģЩǾͻѪ꣬죬ٱƣͻΪѪ˵
ǱɫȫΪ߶һš
ҶȻˣΪʲô𷴿أ
Цһ˷ͻһ飬ҷ߶˶˶Ͷ뵽Ѫ̨˵ΪԼһʱʹĶô
ҶȻԷʩȷʵܹͶҪ֪һĿɶǳϦദѣ˭Ϊ̫ʧȥ
ǸŻ˴㣡ôĥʲôأ˵ءɱߣǲǶѪ̨ʲôζˣ
䣬һĲҽһݵŻ˸קǽڡ
Ǹݵ˶ʱѪۼ˼صˡ
磡һһӰǽ£һ£Ǹʹ޵磬ô˰
Żļһǽ£һ߿ʹ޵ǸˣȵˣѪ̨ôģɻðǻط
ǸߵŻļһ˹
ǼһһӣžһʱǸ˲ҽɵϷ
иҷˣѪ̨Ǳߵ˻Թܾû˹ȥˣºˣһȫ͵Ѫ̨
ʱɫʱѾûκε·ˡ
ǣһ䵽Ѫ̨Ѫ꣬ƴˣ
һȫӦ⼸ʮ׷״ǽǼ๤˹ȥ
ѹƵµķŭǷǳµģЩȥѼ๤ΧϾ鷢йԼŭ
óһֻ֣ΪʵѹƵ˵ز޷ԼĹֶΡɴľͶǾǶξֶΡ
ֺ嶯ʱ򣬾Զ˼ٵĽŲһһӵµĵط
Щˣֻƾһʱļ߷𷴻ȵӵָЩ˾;ܲסԷƵĳ
źЩ˷𷴿ҲȾ׷еĻʯĥͶ뵽˺ҵķС
ҶȴûжǽϹ۲¼Ķ̬֣ʩֳд֣ǴΧЩ๤мϡ


1239 Ѫ̨
˫̬Ͽ϶ں֮ڣֻ๤Ǳߵ˱΢ѵһЩ
Щ徭˴Ŀ๤Щ๤ûȵġΪһţ˸޷γЧĵֿ
ѹһ㼷ѹֻΧܸԷӴս
ĵǷҪȥսȴΧ˶µýʵʵһֻϼҡ
Ȼ䣬Ҷ˾תһԭǺǱ߳ͷս֧һһһȭɣΧ˸ϽڶԷ½ڽڰˡ
ҶδһȭݺһʱҶֱû뵽˾޴ʯ鵱СҶηһֱ̧ۣʯҶӿһ˵棬ʯ鿪·ܿ͵˺ĸ
֯ôұȥ˭ҲܲˣҶδ
һҶ̾ʹҶεָӡʱ˭ȭͷӲ˭ʵǿͷӣ
ԴϢһ£ϸֵǣҶǣҶҪҶͷָӰҳһţ޷ʤģ
ò˵ҲǺⷽľģĸǽŵҪһ˳ָ˭İ
ֻаһһĴ̧ҲŻøг·ģŻ
ãҶһֱֻ趯һǧʯʵ̫ˣҶ˵ܣҲû˲᲻ŵġ
ȻһҶ£Ǹ˵λҪ߳еȫϽʵ
ܹǾͺðˣǸɹָӱ˸һŸɵĴڣĹ˵ֱᳵ·
Ҷο˳Ⱥר־ȥ֡
һǧʯҶο·ĹߣտʼʱЩ๤Ϊǰ̫ͶòҶζϡ
ЩһһȫҶľʯҳ˱ӣļ٣Щ˻ĿռҲˣҶͣ˭ԸҶΣ
ۿһ·ˣҶûгʤ׷ͣ
֪ҶǵģʵҶϴʲôأôҴȥ
Ҷüͷ˵ǰûˣҾãʩֳΧԷһ˷ǳսԺҪ˵֣һЩ½ĲãЩ˳ȥҪܼʧ
ͷҶϴ󣬼ȻǸô찡
Ҷһ£¶ȻȻɫ֪Ѫ̳ôǸطȻǿֲޱȵĵطԷȻرأǴǸͻƣܵС
۾һ˵ҶϴԣôѪ̨ҶȥΪҪŻסˣר֯ȥѻӽѪ̨ҶϤ
Ǻãһ˸·㵽ԼңҪǵ˵ӣһҪңҶγ
쳣˷ܣǫҶϴ·ҵȥǵˡ
һ䣬һݣ͸ޱȻ龢СܵҶεǰ
Ҷϴǫǫ˵ţܵǰҶ·
ȻͬҶβ²һͨѪ̨·ϣûκε谭
ʥڵĵطѪ̨ڵλþ͸һɽȡǫͬһ·£Ҷδżǧ˴ȵףһɽϡ
ٽµʱǫҶ˵ҶϴǰѪ̨ˡҵļӦ˰ˣô죿
ҶŰǸľʯ£ɲԸܣΪҶֻ֪Ҫⶫ˴ϵİοǼ޴ġ
˭ԸžǿߣҲ⡣ΪҪ뵽Ѫ̨ҶβŰⶫ
ҶǫѺйڿɸղŲһˣոΪһʱļ߷߶Ѿ˷ĵ·Ҫȷķܹ档
ǵûܹ˵˲ţҶĵľǶȶֻҪЩ˲ңܹͬЭǾԲСġšҪľǻĹߡ
ҶϴвҵֵܣǰҲǸһɹ̵ļһԿΡҸҲԻĹ
˵ţйһˣЩ˷׷Ҷιʩ񣺡Ҷϴ󡣡
ҶοЩˣǵоͿжϳǾ˵ѪͷУͰЩȫ嵽˵УÿֵܴһӣסǧҪ˭ӵģɱ
ܹģȲƱ˵ľҲˣ֪ɶһǧ˵Ķζʲô
ҶֵֵԼˣǫһȥ̽Ȼپô졣
ӦһͺҶһѪ̨ķȥ
׶ǣΪԭҶεʶ޷ͷţҲֻƾŹ۸жΧһУ
ǰǱʮɵľ룬ɽɵһʯųҶǰʯŵ࣬µڰŴš
Ҷһ֣ʾǫأԼͬıһһ㿿ˡ
ʮԶľ룬ûκεڱˡҶһȻӲԾ˳
û˷ӦҶžžȭ˵ĺ䲿λ˺߶ûһһ̱
Ҷ˫һ̱ڵأûзκε졣Ҷһ֣صĺǫӰҶεߡ
Ҷεʾ£һʯţ˽ȥһ¶Դ˵ϴû
Ҷǫȥţøں˴󲿶ӸԼǸн
ʯ棬ʰϵʯ̨ףϴǧ̨ףһ޴ƽ̹ءڿصм䣬һŲľͼ̨ӦþѪ̨ˡ
Ϊ޷УҶκͺֻһ̨ȥ
ҶԸǣǧ̨ϣȻûκε쳣ͺ޾ߵ̨Ŀء
Ѫ̨ǰ棬ʮںɫ·Ѫ̨Ĥݡ
Ϊ̫רעҲΪҶκͺʮСģûзЩ˿ûע⵽˵ĵ
Ȼ̨״ҵĽŲǫҶε˶˹
ڰĤݵ˸ˣʮͷҶκͺˣ϶¶˾ȵɫ
˭ôᴳΪ׵һɫ԰׵ֽһ۰׷Źɫʵ
ҶЦ˵Ѫ̨ȱˣǾ͹ˡ


1240 Ѫ
˵䣬⼸ǧȫ˿أЩµŭĿӡ
ߣһΪʲôأԭһū췴ˡǺǣһֱҪҵѪ̨ṩһʻ˵ûˣơǵĵӦǾ仰³ɣû뵽»ɶɶĺ鰡
ҶοѪļһЦ˵̫磬ǻ̫ʧģŽҲ⣬ҲҪԼʲôø˵ģ
ߣū治֪סҸ߹ΰ֣ΪǵѪ꽫ԶΪҶ񣡡
˵ţ޷ԶȻ鸡˰գ
Ҷδ󾪣׶ϣеʵȫѹƵ˵ˮƽô⣿ôܹڰзɸѵܹѹô
ӴūѪ̨Ҷƿص磬еķҵķ򳼷ȰͶ뵽Ѫ̨ҵʵԾһµĲΣʱҽԽĹƶߣ׶ҵˣ
ҶŸӦһڵܵܣҲʶĸӦ޶ԣҶڵϵͳǵһûаĶ
ֲø㹩ӦƷڼ٣ԭҰİ룬׶ҲһǾ쵽ҰģԲŻʲṩƷѵôҶξһЩܹʱĻ⣬ͬҪʱ취Ը
ȻɫҶεĲ²⣬Ҳе롣
ߣǸţǶҼɵһֱң죬ҲܿסˣôѪƷţ׶ҵˣ
ĻԹת˿ȣ۾кâʢҶΣɭɭЦЩ˵ɣҲı䲻㱰ڳΪҵѪ֮ҲΪһ䣬쵼Ϊҷ񣬹
ţѵ׶ʵƿߣҶϱ任ɫһ߿˼һ߽ľٶ
ڿЦУ˫ּһֻɬѶķӡӡ£Ѫ̨Ȼ䷢ǿҵĲڲѪ̨Уһ·һðʹ𣬾ͼѪ̨ȻһѪ̨ܳʺӰ
ЩӰ˵̬ûзֱֻǵ忴ȥЩ˼ңǵ۾һǵĺɫһַǿҲ
ȥɣйǵĲҰɣЩǵĵˣͶ뵽Ѫ̨УҲܹʹ࣡
໡
ЩɫӰĹֽˣҶʱҲûѡˣϣӭЩɫӰȥ
ҶθһɫӰ۾ˣɲǼ䣬Ҷξ͸оԼССĲһʱ䣬ҶһɶԷĸоҶδ󺧣΢΢һͷȵҶţǧҪͶԷ۾ӣ
˵꣬Ҷһȭͷݺ˺ɫӰؿڡ
ȻһȭǴ˿һҶεȭӺɫӰؿڴɫӰǴɫĿһҶξȻײ
ǿ׳ūͷӰǣһûãҪһѪͳ˧ʵѡ
ҶθػȴԱߵ˷ľǸЩɫӰϣûҶľ
һ֮£ͷ˾ľΪҪҪƴȴȵķ֣ԼޱѣɻԼָӣżûа취
ߵЩˣޱ߹һ飬ŲܶѪ̨ķߡ
ҪԼͬ飬ȴǱɫӰסʱҲʧȥ
ҶοＱϣȻһתЩˣҶ˫ֿ磬һǼȭ˳ȥʮ˱ҶεȭգۼʹѪɣһʣ
ǿ׳ūͷӣΪܹıʲôô㿴ǰѪǶôѪ
һȣ˫֮һɹɺɫӿסЩ˷ɽѪ⣬ɫɢͼЩһӵ
ĳҶĿɿڴ
ūͷӣ㾡ȥЩҵ£ܴǶٻأҾܹѪǶٻأܹռϷ磬ҵѪȡʤǵ飬Ҷξǿһ׵ĸһ
ޱŵҶκ޵Ҷʵͬڳˣ޷ɵգҲֻ̾ʮɸߣϣҶ޷ġ
ȻҶ뵽һ⣬е˶ѹƣܹУҲ˵һܹе
пܾĿռСҶţ۹תǸŲѪ̨ܹγԼķƣпܾѪ̨ϣ
뵽ҶһΣܿ˺ɫӰЩˣֱѪ̨˹ȻҶοҪִѪ̨ʱҶεǰȻֳĸߴӰ
ĸߴӰɶߣͨѪ죬ǵ۾λ缦СĺɫУҶ֪ǹƻǵĵطϾͱܿˡ
ҶҪ˵ļ϶ȥȴĸߴѪӰƶٶ쳣ҶҪĸߣһߴѪӰǰ
ĸѪӰƶٶԽԽ죬Ҷε߽γһѪɫĻҶοġ
ҶҪԼǿӲȴ⻷ܣҶĸӲ壬ܵбҶεδᣬϾҶγԸա
ģڻм両ֳ˰ֻһİߵ㣬Ҷ֪ĸѪӰ۾ֻһ۾ҲŻһȦȦת
һ۾ԽתԽ죬Ȼγ˰һҶβһѣΣҶתĸо
Ҷϱ۾ϣܹԼתǣҶα۾ѣεҲûʧĶ·ֱܹҶοһ
ūͷӣɷѪӰζôֱתεĸо̫ܰɣΪ۾ܹıһôûõģѪӰɷֱܹĸй֮ϵġ㻹ǹԹԵµѪӰͷĿĺôǺܴӴ
ƨҶһŭ𣬷ѪӰγɵǽڣȴΪת̫죬Ҷǰ֮תһҶζʱȣѪӰתķԼת˺üȦ
ҶζʱоԼЩܿˣ˵ϡ


1241 ָ
룡
ޱȵ룡
Ҷ۾ϣǿϾҪ˯ȥˡ
˯ɣ˯ɡ˺ܹĵֻҪ˯ȥеһеʹͽȫԶȥһ磬ûķգûĿûıˡ
ҶοӶйƻĴ߽˼ҵĿǣҶĴ£ûеֵù۾˯˹ȥ
ôǿ׳ˣҵѪ̨ķΧǸӶѣˣūͷӽѪ̨ҵѪ꣬׶ҵˣ
ָ£ĸѪɷֹͣתָԭӣˣѵϵҶμ˾ŲѪ̨
Ѫ̨߲㣬ʲôûУмλãһԲεĿնԲο׶УȴǱж졣
Բοնһֱ쵽ŲѪ̨ĵײԲοնǽϣصĻơ
˰Ҷμݵ˿׶ıϣҶֱԽ˿׶СҶڽ뵽նһ˲䣬Ͼ۾
ոҶȷʵǱŪû˯ΪסҶΣҲ̫ˡ
ҶμʧȥͼܵƾǿһͨĴڡ
ҶθոմѪ̨⵽ѪɷǿӲЧܺãװסΪסԼʱ򣬿϶ǻԼӵѪ̨еġ
ʵķչҶԤϵķֺҶν뵽Ѫ̨У۾۲ܣѰƽİ취
ǡ
Բο׶ǽϣһЩûе̻Ƶĵط˿ֲһźĶƷе˳
ҶϵãЩǿ԰ѽ뵽׶֮ڵʻնϽƷЩƷɫɫ󣬵Ϊɱ̫࣬մɫճĶһͶĲѡ
ЩƷȻҶεͷֽȫĸλҪҶûκεķᱻЩƷգۼʳ⽴ġ
Ҷŭһ˫ȭٻ裬ЩƷһٿҡ
۵ڶҶξƷȫҸϡã
ͻȻ׶ǽϵĻƱĿĺ⣬Щ䵽ҶεϣʱҶѪҺڵĸо
Ҷ֪Ѫ̨ĺڣҲùϵ󷨻ƣѸѪиı䣬γܹƵĸѪɷ
ؼĹؼǶϵĻƣ
Ҷοθһ鴤ϾʹӶѴָ³ӴָУҶקͨԵ
ǡ
ҶλͨԵһ˶ϵĻơ
žžžͨԵķ£ѣĿĻͬľмһӶϱɽ
ŻƵıƻ׶ĿĺԽԽҶΰһƻ׶ûκε쳣ˡ
ҶֽŲãӿ׶˳
ʹӰеѪ̨Ĳƻ͵Ѫ̨ˣʧȥѪ̨İȻ޷ڰ鸡
ūͷӣ㾹ȻƻҵѪ̨Ҹû꣡
Ϊܻ˼㣬۾ѾüѪĲٿ£ĸѪɷҶγ˹
Ҷ˫趯ͨԵȻԾȻܷԾУҶƾһԾҲԾһɶߡ
ͨԵڰлһߣͼĸѪɷһȻ˲һѪˮ
⣬⡭ôܣ㣬㡭ôģɫӲ԰ףţҶλһغ֮ʰѪɷ
ٺٺ٣ѪҲͨϵסѪʶͨһЩ޹Ϊã֪˵ĶԲ԰
ҶεĻʼͣĳ鴤ΪҶ˵ԭõѪĺԭ
ʵ⵹˵ҶξǾͨѪΪҶԼͨھһЩܹϿԴͨķ֪ܲԭȴָܹġ
㣬㡭ѵҲǴи֣忪ʼˣҪ֪ĹܣܹصĸоϴȺʱһĿ־С
ɶԷһҲǴи֣ռ˾ԵƣĿֻŸУҪڳˡΪ˶֪Ļ𵽵Ƕô£һԷҲÿ֮ĶԸ㣬֪Ķۣ㣡
и̸֣ϣҶ˵⻰Ϸǫˣһ߸˵һ߻ζڳд󣬲һеѪӰͺȫҶεͨԵŵˡ
ҶúǫԼԭشҪǷβܵĻЩŭȺܰ˺Ƭ
ףҿԷһҪ˵˵֪Ҷ⵽ǰ˵
򾲣Ц̸񻹲ɣΪѪ̨ˣܹΪΪˣЦ޷ɱҵġ
һ¿ˮ̵ļƣҶθе죬ճʱԷӦǸԷܹԼһԹԺû뵽ȻԴǼң̬ʮš
ǺǺǣ˼ǳԵͷҲˣ˰ʰȻٱ˼ɣ׶ŵأΪЩնɱļһƵĺȥ֪Ҷʲôô
Ҷޱŵ飬һӾɤۣ
ʶʵʲôܣ
˵ҲԼʧ̬Цߣ㼴ҲһЩļܣôǲģ
ҶδЦܲ˼˵޸ôһǡǡܡ
ʱ׻޸֣ͨ˵ĶУǾ޸ɽֹĴڣǾ͵˵ԷǴʦĴڣڶԷǸѽѧ׶
һƭҵģ޸һ˵ôܻĳأ״ΣҶΣΪľȶԼ
ٺٺ٣벻ȫ㣡ҲûбҪ֤㿴ǣĸǸղŵѪɣֻҪѪܹǲǣҶζ۾һһʵ
忪ʼҡˣԷĻͬشһûϣ
ǺǣӦˡи˼뷨֪ûȤ
֪ǶԷҪԸԼķ׼Է˵鶸Ȼһ
ʵѪôҲȱ㣬ǾѪΪ㿴һصѪǶ޹ߵѪ갡ҰЩѪڵѪһ𣬶ҰѻȥѪע˵㸴ʱ򣬸һ
ҶεĻվסˣҪҶ˵ѪҺԼʱԼչĹǸʱԼǳ޷ֵķ񹥻ġ


1242 Ǭ
źͨһȻ˵ϡʵ̫ˣԷˣԼѪһˡ
һ£ѪʱϾгԹѪһٴ뵽״̬һĳһȥһôֲ鰡
ҶҲ˵ָźǫ˿ʼռѪѪҺȫ͵Ҷεǰ
һҶΰǰźͨԵǰһΣҪ
һһȺɫǰΧסĴŮһ˫ָϽסؿŲ˼¾˵ǣҪʲô
ҪʲôȻǸҪɵˣҶβɨһλָ½ʱѧһֻѪû뵽컹ܹõǿҪ￪ӣЩѪҺ㻻أ
ױˣһ˫ϥڵضҶͷˣҷˣǧҪôңһжĺòãԸΪҳϵūֻͣҪܷŹҾͳɣòãˣˣŹҰɡ
ҶΰͨԵջ˴ָһ˵ô룬ǾͱֳҪһ㼷֪ܣǾûгģ˵԰ɣ
ھߣͷʮģϾףԼԭӺҶ֮䣬Ҫһѡľˡ
˲䣬˾ҶΣһʵ֪ԭ˭ҶʰֶΣǱԭҪϰٱ
ǴˣҶʻˣԼ֪һж˵ǱΨһ;
׶ʵϾܺƵһҶǰ˵׶ԭֻһǼʼıԵתվΪ˵һʱǼǿ׶Ǳˣλܻðɣƽ
ǼǿеһԱۼɱǼǳ鷳飬Ծ׶ϲһ󡪡Ǭ
󷨣׶ǺⲿĿռȫ뿪µıЩǼǿԳͷԼĻﶼҽٵ
Ǻץ˲ٵɱĶͷǾ뵽׶ǣЩɱȫͶŽ
׶ˣĸ½õҲһЩ޷ֶ˽£׶ǡ
ٺһҵ˺£Ƶ׼Ĵͽŵ׶ǵһµֵŵء
ں˵ûʲôʧȴܹת־̵ܹ޴ô飬¾ʹӦһ˵
ŵԽԽ࣬Ϊ̣ͽͱ˼ҵսҪ֪ŵĿɶ֣սͷųĶ׶ƻǷǳ޴ġ
ʱ׶Ѿ˺µҡǮֻҪһͣкĲƸϣ¾뷽跨ס׶ǡ
ǣ°Ǭȫȫͷųܹ׶ǵĿռ䣬ܹѿռߵȫѹƵ˵ˮƽ
µĺǣŵ޷ԼϤսܱ˴˴ˣ͸Իֵ̣γһɹɵ
ⱾҲúʲô£ֻҪ֤׶ǲ˾ˡɺһ飬ú²ò׶ǽйˡ
һĸ߲ʿרҵ˺£ϣ԰һҪŵ
Ϊ˿Ǹ߲һһжд̣ҲǲġΪĳޣץ̫ˣ˲ɱϣµ׶ǽӹЩˡ
ûȺ³ԣһĸ߲ʿͷʮͨߵļ۸񣬶һߺ£ĺܳԶֻҪ½ܣͽһԶԶϵĲƸԴȪ
û̫¾ŵһĸ߲ʿе˵׶Ժޱϸǧ׶ֻҪܹһ㣬һ廹л
µʹľʹӦˣ׶ǣ׼ϳΪԼ֮ء
ȴˣŵģȫ׼֮ĺ˵ҽƻ쳣Ǭ󣬺Ҳ޷ȫϣֻܰеļ뵽Լ£ŵǣֻҪԼԸɣнͣһܹ뿪׶
£˲ٵĺڶϳԼ¡½Щ£ϸ񿴹ܵˣǵūһĴڣ˸Լ޽ʥΪĤԼΰ󹤳̡
һѹ˵ĺڶγˡҲЩѹ£ȥ޽ʥ
¶õ˼ԤĴʩΪ԰˱Ѫ꣬ĳ˵һ塣
չȥпƲסĸоԣڸѪ̨֮ṩһЩ壬ϸṩˡ
ҶüͷԽԽ׶չǸһûаϵһ˾Ȼ޿ײ룬ѴǶ쵽ˣ
ɼһ˵ĵӺ͸ѹֶѾ伫ĵزˡ
ҶʵǬļ֧ŵ㶼ʲôط
˶ʱһ£۾ҶԽ˾ηɫأģΪ׮أζųվ˺µĶ棬ԺµʱǾĵزˡ
ɱ߻ôףɺҪ¶ģǿɶǻкܶİ취ġ
Ǭܹݵ㣬һѪ̨һǰˮһںݵ㣬֧ͬǬͨ˴˺Ӧܹ׶ǵĶռӴҿѹƴеΪ硣
ҶεЦЦ棬Ҷο޿ɱ֪Ƿ磬ҶεΪҲվ˵Ĵڡ
ĻӦʵ
Ǭ󷨣ҶҲֻ˵һЩżļУЧ֮ʵط󷨡
Ϊسɣ󷨸ǵķΧ֮ڣеһһԭʼĽ׶ΣԲжߵΪǬûΪĳ׶Ρ
Ǭô֧ŻʯǾͱʮȹοġĳ󣬽һ֧źȻǷǳʵġ
ҶβŻǬļ֧ŵ㶼ʲôطĻشҶЩ⣬Ҷζ󷨵⣬ǬӦĸ㣬һܿصĻ㣬׶ľݵ㣬ܹ󷨵ǵÿһĽ䡣
֪ӦþЩˣ֪ĸ㣬Ҳͽһ


1243 ݵĻָ
Ӧֻ֪Ҫһ㣬ôԵıΪͼҵġĴˣǲ᷸ġ
Ҷγ˼һ˵һ⣬ôֳܹһΪʲôô
ҶѾٱκɻصĻˣǬĳ֪÷ǳ࣬ҶζʱܱԷֵֶΣʵҲ̵ġ
ˣΪÿһǬҪԺ¾ÿһĶǬķƴʩ󷨻ĴھܹӵһЩΪͿȷ󷨻һʧ
Ҷζش⣬ͷʵ˵㻰ȻᱣһõܸߵĴͿôˡ
ô᲻ҶεİʾأԼͷԸ£ֻҪܹףҶǻһôġ֮־壬㲻֮ģȻٸô㲻æ
ڣѾûлͷ·ˣƾ˵Щܣ÷ѵԸˡΨһĳ·ǰѺŪһߵ
ˣ뿴ǸλãһֱɣֻҪװãܹǬѹƣԼʵʵ˵ţһƤ˫ֹݸҶΡ
ҶνӹһƤɸ޵Ƥάۺ϶ɵģԿʮָӹϻɬѶĻơҶȻƵľ庬壬֪ЩƶһЩǺӰġ
һ£ҶΰƤ䣬ߵ˵ķΧ֮ڣʱҶθоԼʵһĻָȻûлָҶߵˮ׼һ뿪ΧͻʧЧҶ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ҶγЦлҪ˵
սսߵҶεߣû˵ͷҶε˫Ǽһ䲻ɲ⣬оԼʶѾȫ뵽Ҷǿʶˣ
Ϊһͨ򹦷ܵ˵ϤˡǶԷޱǿʶڰԼʶΰסֻҪԷԸ⣬԰ѶԷԸǿӵԼʶС
£ԼֻڶԷûаֵķأߣԷȫ԰ԼʶȫɾԼͱһȫûʶİ׳ա

Ȼ𣬶Է˵ǾǿĹ
󣬴󡭡ˣŻ˵ʱ򣬸ϽҶġ
͸оԼʶǿһ뵽һƬڰ֮УںڰУһһĹ⻪ָ֮˹
£Χֻĸо
ͨ
ٴιҶǰл֮
ҶɭȻЦղҰеļȫһ飬ûѣҪȻΪܹɻȥô
ŵͷˣС֪˴˵ֶΣ򲻸ҶѰ
ҶεҲ㣬ʶУһʶƬΣֻҪҶģαʶͻ˲ʱͻΪһ׳һĴڣ㶮ҵ˼ô
ٴ̱ˣҶλ˼ףǾĻʲô¶ûУһв֮ģǾͻ᳹ױɰ׳հ
˵ҲδزһýΪƾղŶҶ飬Ҷȫø̸˵ֶζԸҶľʦԣֻиķݶ
ҶμȻĲãǿ϶ҲֶĥˡֻҪԹǾʲô¶ûС
뵽ϽͷˣһҳϣһҵѪޱ׸˵ġ
ҶεͷЦôˣ㣬а취Щ˸Ҳô
Χǧˣ֣صͷûˣѪ̨ʵǿյģֻҪ˲Уû˻ע⵽쳣ġУ볤ʱ˵ĻǰѪ̨ãȻ쳣϶ǻŵעġ
ҶЦ׶бƻʮأЩϵĻƾֻ޸ˣЩƷͽҰɡ
˵ţҶʶԼĴָһȴСѵĴɨǷǳףҶҲûвϣҪƲƷûвϰ
ӦЩƷĲϰɣҡҶֻҪˡ
ЩֹѲλ˻ôӵƷɹ黳ɣǰϵݸҶΡ
ҶƽʱǺܵ͵ģʱҶҪֳԼʵ˵Ķһ޴Ĺ衣
ԣҶλһѪ̨ĲƣһƵĹ̺䷽ϷٰЩϸ̯еĻ̼ʩչ
һУҶΰһ˽ȥҶǿʶ£һڻͣһƷһʱһٶȿƳ
еˣ˻ȫҶ͵ıָˡԭλ˵ʵȻôĿֲ
λ˾ȷѡ񣬸һйδġ
ʱҶξͰеӦƷƳ
Ҷ˻棬ЦҶ㱸ˣʣµҪԼˡ
Ͻף÷ĵĹˣģ㽻飬һã
Ҷ˵ãúЩеʱСͷĿеߡҶ˴ĽЩͷĿֵΣѹͷͬΪˣӦͬ۹ãѹء
µǳѣƴȫѹ촷ۣڴҪḷ̌ȵ˺ʵĻ
Ҷ֪ʱɢҪһܹͳң͸Щ´ʵо»ĹƣκûκεɺͽڲΪÿһ˵ʧ󣬶пܻ۵Ŷӡ
е˱һģͺֻһһжЭһ£
ЩˣֻһǾѪ̨һѪ꣡
Ҷεı֣ηַϿʱÿ˶ȻʾԸ
ĽҶλģЩصѪ̨µĿմԼǴźһǬľݵ㿿ȥ
µͶأۿ·ģʵϴôֵǶϣ˶ðΪʲôѪ̨ﰡ
ҶЦ˶Ȼð£˶ҲһëǾĿ󡣱ˣǺ׵ĵطкܶ£һ˶ϣ̫˲׶أ뵽С
ҲǴֵܵˣȻ֪Ҷ⻰еҪļ䣬ȴҶһסصԱߵľС


1244 ѱʦ
Ҷκͺ˶㵽˰˺ܳһʱ䣬ΧȴûκεĶ
̲ס˵ϴô£ղʲôˣûʲô
Ҷֵ԰ոԸоΣٽôûأ
ڸղţҶβ˵Ӿ۲죬ǱжΣյһԤУָо˵Ǳʶеָо
ָоûںܶĳζҶǰķӶΣս͵ͳ̶ȡ
ȻҶδãΣڵ£˵꣬Ҷһξ뿪ԭء
Ҷεľ棬Գһ£صĵطʱ򣬺ȻԼ˫Žױһ˫ĴץסҲоһһ䡣
ûȺӦѾһ䵽ˡҶηϽϻأһץס˺ĺ죬ק
ˣ໵һʹ࣬ҪŤһˡҶ֪Ϊ̫Լʱ򣬺ĺ壬ʵܲסˡ
ҶźûɿһֻקͨԵպݽĽŲλãݺݲȥ
໡
һƳƺӵ𣬾OO@@𣬵ϺȻ֨֨һ¢һͻͻԶӡ
ж
ҶһקѺӵקŵԱߣȻܵ˵¢͹ǰˣͨԵ͹Ĳֿٲȥ
һѪӵ罦Ҷ˫һϾͨԵ𣬾ͼһճҺޱڵϡ
ⶫʵ̫˶ˣûëҲûƬϸźںƤƤʵճҺһ˿˿µ䣬ֻǰצ˵һֻצ̬
ⶫͷǰȫһ̬ûͷģֻһ˫Ĥǵ۾ϸĻӺͶ
ҶȻ֪ⶫʲô֣ȴ֪һֳڵޣרڵ·Ϊ
ⶫͣҶξ͸оˣΪⶫ;Բ͵ϮΪޣӵԷСΪĴڡΪ;ܹԴͣҲ˵ⶫпǱ˿Ƶģǻޡ
ⶫ˵ȥˣҪ֪޸಻һʲô鶼ĿԵģ飬һΪ˶ӣһΪȫ
޶ԣԼͺȻʳоΣգܿˣŰѺô
ȻҶʲôޣԼҲһôҶθϽӳаСѸͳСûѾһȦҶοԸоСѵϢǿ˲١
ҶЩȵǣСѵûܵʲôѹƣǸţӡҶҲȻСѱͬڵޣǬ޷ѹڵʵġ
һشķְСߣǿһţĴְСѻں˯ǵĹӻнɵʡ
ιιιѣѣҶҡСѣҪСѸŪѣСѸΪƺҶεҡΣȻ
ҶʹҡСѣȴȻǱߴ˾ҶβϾ룬СѾͳźǱ߷Ϲȥ
ĴϣֵĿǰľ
Ҷ˳źȥ޴ڳһΰѺΧǲͣԼͷѾѺϾҪˡ
޸оҶεĵɵŤͷҶδһʱ䣬죬ΧľҶƬøO@졣
ˣˣò˯˰ûҶӦҶϵСһ䣬۾һϱϡ
˭֪һ죬޶ʱ˾ֵɫϾͻһţɪɪ
˰죬û쳣ˣվŤͷͷ񱼡һʧľС
ĻѾʪ͸ˣҶκܲ˼ϴЦˡҲôаˣúõôܵķҪҵʵڣޡ˵Ҳû´ţˡ
ҪʵڵĻҲǸԱˮ׼ҪЩ޸ʰˣûʵ
ţϴʲôÿɰղץģϱСѸסˡ
Ҷûлشȴǰ۾ת˱𴦣˵Ȼˣزظʲôѵô˺ޣô
Ҿ˵ôôôߵĴۣԭˢӰ
˵䣬OO@@ϣҶκͺ˵Χ½½ľֳЩ˵м䣬޼УҶκͺΧ˸ˮйͨ
˵һɷģˣͼ񴽺ݰףŨüۣһӡ˫͸һײУһϼ޻ĸоУԲǱֳ
˵Ļ˹ӶǶԸԼһҶβЩףԼѪ̨ӦûʲôҪԸԼǾֻ׶ǵʵƿߺ£ɺǴϢأ
ôܣ
ûбԼƣй¶ܾվԼߣǻ˭úµõϢأ
Ǹ񿥵ЦϹˣŵ۾޴ڣֻҪ룬ûʲôֲ˵ġǺôӰȻɱŵˣѪ̨ˣΪ֪֪Ŵǿʼֵʱһֱǰ
ҶʱһԼƿߣƱػĸط᲼Ĺ۲ϵͳֻҪĳһĿ꣬һֱŹ۲죬;ܹ۲쵽Ŀһһ
ֻ̣ҪһƶӰܹۻбļطˡѪ̨ѾԼ޸ˣǺԼȥҲԱûġ
㲻ǺµˣΪʲôǹȥҶʵ
ѣЦֻҪŸ㹻棬ûʲôǲġңеǸ޳裬ŲңҲ᲻ϧһдŪġ
ӶԷУҶοһޱ̰ɫ
һѱʦҶκȻʵ
ߣΪѱʦܹշһЩޣͱŸշˣȻ֪ҵݣǾ͸ϿСңңԹҰǰȻҪƷһζˣ
Է¶Χ˺Ҳһţʱ׼
ҶһЦСѷŵԼߣȻһ𣺡Էˣ


1245 Ź
һɤӣúԣǶԷе˶֪ô¡
һϾһɤӵˣͼҶŵСһ߱ȻȻͱĵҶεļϣ˯죬ȴµڳԷˣˡ
ȫĿ࣬Сɰ㵹ղôĶûдŵСһ˯⣬һԷ˾Ͱ˯оѣǸ۲۵ĳԻ
Ǹ񿥵˿Сѣеֱ̰˲۾мð޲ϾͰСŪݺڡ
СѼǰ˯ѸҶ˵簡ǳԷô۵ģѶҵɡ
˵ţСҪ۾ӻҪ˯һ
ҶΰСѴӼϾƨɾһƣ˯˯˶·٣
ʱСѾʲô·٣ǶǵģôģǸǲ˾Ǳոڱˣ˸ǣ磬˭˭ôĵӣ
˵꣬СѴ۾һɨ˲ΧΧޡ
ǿˣС˵ţʹҶεĻһӴڵһ޵ǰ̧СצӶǸ˵·ô֪˭֪Ĵ˭ֵˣûбֵܵģ
ǸޱСˣ֫ŵأ﷢صǲ֪ԵģҲ֪һǸС㳼
ǸһС˵ǸʮĴͷͷţССǰӲ·ӡ
ôģ˵ҳ٣ΪŻסôϿ㰡ΪӶܲãҪ㲻ϽóʲôӣҾͲںòƣӰɡ
Се˵ǾúЦɶ˵ôģ֪С˵óɵó
ء
Ǹʣ۾ᶼ˫ɶµˡ
ôģģٲ֪㶫һϸأ֪ҪôСŭɶСצһĵǸͷԴϣʱѪ䣬û罦ѪɵϣСȥС찴סͷ˿ھͿʼ˱
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ǸͷͷۿɼٶȱȥСɿС죬ͷѾɱ˸СѲСһ߸ʬ
ȫɵˣСδҲ̫ˣҶҲоˣСѿɸǰЩһˡǰʱֻ̳ԣֱܹԷľͲþֱӰҪĶڡ
񿥵ֱ飬ȻһɭĹâ
СһкöǸ˺ȻһЦݣһ˵ţһߴӻͳһɢڹʵĵҩ
Ҷοʦһⶫ֪ɸֵڵһЩرϲҩƶɵĵҩ
ѱʦرĶͨЩѱʦԸ޽˴˺ܺõľ񻥶Щҩ޻Ϊ̫ܵҩĿжɥʧѱʦľһѱʦ뵽Լ嵱С
ǸõĵҩѪˣĵҩϾ׵ǿʱһž͹ˣóģеĲػˡСѵı켶ģŻϧѪ
ʱѾƽ龰̲ס˵ϴе㲻ԾǸСл
ҶЦİɣûС˵ôֻ˵ģûܹģİɣСӲ֪ߵغܱСѸˡ
ŷС촽һǸˡ
ȻǸ˵Ǹֳһ˿ЦݣһֻŵҩСѣһֻȴİһС
ʱҶҲеСѣСģǼһġ
˵ţҶξҪǰˡǸһ֣ҶΧȫһǽǲҶιȥ
԰԰ⶫó԰˵Ļ˹ƻζĵҩȫŵ˵¡
СѾͺҶεĻδһ̳Щҩ
ʱǸкâһһֵֻĶȻСһġʱһҫâӡǳСѵϡ
ⳬȽˣû뵽ҶԸˣĺöʱ׶򣬲磬ҵĴ
ҶΰвãǸСϵӡǣӦѱʦ֮佨ϵӡǣⶫܹѱʦʶ͸ڣǩһЩԼͨѱʦ޵ԼĹߣΪԼı޾ֻΪԼԹ
һ˵޺ѱʦ֮ԼǼΪƽȵģͨ͹ϵѱʦ֮޸һУѱʦ̫ĸߣеѱʦѹեԼޣֱեɣŲ̶
Ƚɫأ˫ּᷨӡŻɬѶһСϵӡǶȻ˸һȦȦΰСС
Ҷηŭ˼㣬קͨԵһҿʮɵǽҶθѪɣ֫죡
СѣҶμ嵽СǰСһȴڳŵҩûҶΡ
ȽЦľѳˣ˵ʲôûˣڣСһҵˣСѣֲȥһʰˣ
˭֪С̳˵ҩԺҡβ͵ҶǰգŴ۾ҶΣԴȥĦҶεȣֺҶΡ
⣬⡭ôܣȽʱɵˣԼ⻷ѾˣҰѿƵȫˣСѰյ˵ӦѾԼԼĹϵˣô᲻Լָأ
СЦ磬ǸɵΪܹأ֪ҵƤǸֹ⻷͸ģҩΪܿˣ˵ɵɵ
ž
Ҷκݺһ˦СѵƨϣСӣ֪ղжൣôŵҲĶˣ
žһ˦СѵƨϣҶɷһ˵㻹ҲҳԱ˵Ķˣ˵Ҳˣ
ۡС£ڵϾͿʼޣۣ磬㻹ôҰҲˣҰɣ
ӲҶο׼˶СһƣΪùȥ컹ôõôΪԷʵвŻġҪгǿʵģһӶø˵ū˵ҲҳԱ˵Ķˣ
ҶԽ˵ԽҲ飬žžžһᣡɲҶĺݣʵʵڵľ̸֮
ԽǸ߼ѱʦ־Խ͵Ϊѱʦ֪޶Σյĸ֪಻֪ǿٱ쳣͵ޣΣյԤо͸ǿҡ
ȽȻˮƽǳߵģҪǳߵѱʦԼʵصͣó׵޷ɾ裬Ȼѱޡ


1246 
СѹȻǳޱȣնǰǿʵҲҪƵŹ򣬾СѼסҾ㣬۵ն֮£ٲ塣
ܽƾһأڶͬ飬Ͳôõˡ
໡
СҪͨԼİȡҶε֣ͣҶθΪǲ֣ͣԽԽϵҲԽԽ
粻ôõģСɴ˼ǺԼҲҪСѼסѵʱ򣬶ǲҳԵģ
ڣСЭˣ磬ҴˡءҲˡءҲԱ˶ˡ磬أˣء
ҶʵСѻҪܣСѵϣȴͲôһ㣬ҶμҪͣޣҶ᲻ô
СϴˣҶθϽͣҪСѱò˵Сѣ֪۵Ļ»ظҼסˣ˼ҸĶĵˣˣѵ۳ô
СѰСƨҶǰһ磬㿴ƨƨˣܲô
仰һҶζˣСǰֳҶθϽһת˵֪۾ͺãǽѵ»ػҷĴҾͰʲôԲˣ֪ô
СίͷС˵֪ˡ
һ֣Ƚ׾ˣǸСԼ޷ƣ˵ǳޣСһȻҶθش˵ҶθǶôֲԴڰ
뵽Ƚ£ҶΣ˿־顣
Сһ̧ۣɨȽʱͲһܵȽǰȵΪ㣡Ҫ㣬ܰô˵˸ô㣿
ת
ղȽһжƿ֮УתۼΪΪ⣡
Сѣ۲ûʲô˺ô㿴ֵģҲҲٵҩǾ㡭Ƚ֪ĳ޴򽻵̬ȼȻûùӳԡȽǹõˣСһɤӴȽ
ûʲô˺СѰƨһ˵㿴ⶼˣص˺ôͳҵƨɣԵҲޣ
仰ȽŵòϣСССޣҵⲻó԰ңҲûѽһһΪء
Сѽת۾ȻٺЦ˵İ㲻ΪôǾ˵ϴˣ
ȽȻãҪǴӦСѣԼ뵽һɼľСǣľ£ʲôѡأ
Ȼ㲻˵ǾĬˣãԺҾϴˣԺ˭۸㣬ͱֺţ㣡ϴô㣬ǲǸý㱣Ѱ
ȽӲСѵģ̫Цˣ۾ϻỨûɣҫϴôôЦ
ȽȴǰҲҰЦֳɲģСѵı£ǿǷַӸ㣬ǻİ
ϴ󽻱쾭ģϴ󣬲֪ҪʲôҲ˼㰡Ƚ֪СѵǰûԼּۻ۵أʵһȽϺá
ţղŸҳԵǶͲٸŪһǧǧıˡСԴЦ
ʲôһǧǧϴǶɲǴײ˰ҷѪʮ˲ʮȫˣһǧǧҲŪȽͿ޳ˣΪСһأ¿ɺãҪݰ
ʲô鶼ãǲǶϴǿҲۣûôŶϴ󽻴ģʦ氡СѵԲ۾Բ붢ȽСͷ˲ʼ촽ˡ
ϴϴϴûûûҾûжϴǿҲϴ󣬹ؼ֪ƵҩжѣôĵҩʵƲ
СѲŵɫȽ䷢ģԼһᾡԼŬϴҪôһЩ
ٺٺ٣ղҸһ٣ܵó۰Ҫڵҩиµҩֿô˵ţСζȽһۡ
ϴͱЦˣһٸӣҲϴˣŻ˺ôҿܲ˰ȽһȻڵأҪ֪ھԵʵǰʲôʲôȫǸơ
ٺ٣ҵиð취֪ӲܣС͸¶һɽƻЦ⡣
ȽĶʱɤһӵ䵽˹ȵף֪Сѵĺð취Բʲô£ɵʱȽǾûѡˡ
ȽεͷСЦܺãܾ֤ܽĵϿϴģҸҼ๤ʡҡЩ޶ԼƵİɣãԼһ£ǵҾܹලˡ
⻰Ƚʱ̱ڵأ˰죬СһȻ⣡ǰЩ޵ʱԼûŰǣҪǰСѵҪˣԼɾˡ
ҶοһУоֺֺЦĴϣҶλСѵġ
ȻΪҪбľʱӦǺ岻ˬ
Ҷ֪һζǿѹȽδؾܹȥһ棬Сѻеۡ
뵽ҶǰЦȽûǰСѵĻȥɡȻѱޣ֪֮ǽϵġ֪ɣѾҵˣ밴СѵĻȥأҪҰ͵أ
ȽʱˣҶεķģʲôȽ֪ģʱͨѪ̨Ѫ꣬һҪİڲʱٰԼˣһֻҪܣԼһҪֹĥ
Լء
Сѵļල£Ƚд¶Լֻ˫Ĺϵͱϵ
Сǰһתģ˵ӴԺǾͿ۸۸ǵļһˡҲҵСܣǧɱŪˣһøұȻҵĵҩûˣҿǻ˵Ӵ
еȫսսСѵЦǬޣϹŵĳףĸ޸Ҳ
ҶζϲᱳСһְСһǸԼļ˼ġҶԺǽ۹ΰҵ˼룬ɵСռӹͳ˺һˡ
ȽһҲȡҶλҪٲҪȽ̽Щ
ȽҲ̫ˡҸһᣬֻҪЭɣҾСٰ֮Լĳƽȹϵ㿴ô
Ҷ⻰Ƚˮ֮ץסһһ㣺ˣֻҪܹ˵ҸʲôҶɣ


1247 ֵܵ
Ҷζʵôʲôܸô
ȽԴһ£ҧǲԸǸţҸˣŰŪôң˭ﲻӳޣˣԸһԸǸţ
ҶȽļ˵˵ţǳ֮ƾʲôѵƾ㣬ܹټ弸ǧ˾ܸɵô
仰ʱȽΪ֪֮µģǿܼͳŰ׶һΣų;Բô򵥵ġ
ȽҲ֪ûгְԼˣûǸΪȽԼֵް飬ܹȵõϢܡҪĲһУƻ׶ǣܹԼġ
ˣ˵ҪȥˮĪһɣû⣬ҾܹæġȽӹ죬뵽Ҷοܻȥĵط
˭֪ҶξȻЦҡҡͷ֪ȥˮƻǬĻ㣬Ȼ;㲻֮һôԣߣϣֻдԸŲܹ㹻İա
Ƚȵ˸žԲ뵽ǻͻȻת򣬵ķȥԣǾӦ֣ͬԸšˣ׶ǵĸɶ׼쳣ƻ֮Ҫϣ£¡
ʲôСһԿɾͲԸˣǳҸ磬ֻҪҸиڣûʲôǰڲƽģ
ҶΣȽ˵СѣȽڴҴ
֣СѣȥǰȥǿɶСܣ㵱ģøǽأҶζСѣܺͺ壬飬СѺøˣϾȥСѵˡ
СѺߣҶζȽ˵ϣܶô׶ˣֻҪйͬ棬кĿܡڶ׶ϣѵҾһӴȥô룬ֻҪŵҶԸһ׶ǣһкġ
Ƚһ˵ǺðɣˣҴȥһһһǸˣڲû󣬱ٶ죬ۣųǷ֮ӣҲܹⱾ£Żûбձġ
ҶЦҲǣûе㱾£ôܹŵأãʹȥһ
ȽЩΪѵˣۿٷǳصģûޣ޷ҵټġ
ҶףȽҪʹˣΪ˱ʾ⣬ҶСڴͬ۹ãȽ֮ԼƽȣԼĶȽӦæƾˡ
Ҷεĵ£СٴթȽҪȽظԼһǧٿŵҩָܹ֮ңԺҲʹԼ򣬻ҪȽ͵Ѫ̨ƳѪ˵
Сѵ£Ƚָ޽ƽȵԼһΣ˫ǶԵȵĹϵˣȽҪޣͱҪӦĴۣǰܹ˶Էʹˡ
Ƚһʮޣȥ̽۵䣬;ϱǣֻҪۣͷźš
ҶζȽ⣬Ƚ˵ǷǳͨٶȺͲûģǾͷǳǽӽ˿λްܵﶼᱻ֣öԷ·š
Ƚ鿴һǸµıǣҶκСѾ·ˡ·ϣȽҶν۵ʵµ
۾˵һ˵ĴƭӣΪĳοһ壬Ĵ׷ɱСӲСı׽סˣͱŵ
׶ȻĿɹƭıɫں׶թƭ׷ɱԺԼľѧ׶һЩСܣһ
۵Ӳʵ΢㣬ǺܴҲͰʮˡҲǺǵģΪֶΣܣ˭ͻ겻ɢͷ׶Ҳһ
Ҷζ۲ŨȤ⻷²ɻȱ˲Ű
ţȻԶһ޵ĺ
Ƚصˣ۵ټˡǸЩԿˣǡ
˵ţȽҶͶȥѯʵĿ⡣
Ҷ΢΢Ц˻ޣֻҪǸǰµģ;Բܿ۸˵ţҶδȽһ޺еĵط
˵طҶηǸ޵ıˣҽСȽϽӴָͳҩϣֹסѪȽ޽н
һȽҶ˵ˣ۵ټڿʱ򱻷ˣ۵ٶ̫죬ͱˡ
ҶˣɵüͷҪûʵѹƣԼԷɵգӿи棬Ƕ㶼ûãڲ뿪棬ΧľӰ죬ɽ涵ȦӣԷŲռ̫󣬺ץõ
˭֪СԱգգ۾˵磬а취벻
Ҷ۾һȥˣСѿɰ٣ҶεĿУֿɰܺһڳ²Ĵڣʲôð취ŵһСѸɲġ
СѿҶε˼˵磬㻹𿴲ˣۿֵܵˣֻҪֵǸʲô۵ģǳ˰˶ԳҲɲˡ
˵ţСѳСɤؽһۣǣ֮Ѿ䣬˭ҲСС㡣
û೤ʱ䣬ΧOO@@ϣԶ¡¡ĽŲȽˣҶ˵ˣôеȺһҪĻǿɵö㰡
˵䣬˷Ҷμ˿£Ϸɵģģݿĵģֳ棬׶е޶һ
ҶҲеβСʵСѣô£
С˵磬ϴɲǰ׵ġղҸЩСܶ˵ˣΪ˲۸͵ôͬЭһһ˭ôĸҶԸֵܣ۾ȫңⲻһźȫˣֵܰֵ
Բۣ
ҶﱬһֿڣСС㻹һӽôֵܣ۾ǹ٣ҲŰɣֻҪţͻᱻӴȺֻ֣Ҫ׶ܲˣ
Ҷΰڰ֣ѾˣСȥڰɡ
СɤӣԸ˵λ׸ϣλүǣһ۵ļһ£û뵽ʶôǵֵܴˣǿ벻̣λλǿֵܱ˶޶ԣô㱻˴Ҳᱻ޶õġ
ҶζСѼֱĿ࿴ˣΪǸֵܺӣڿǾеǱʰ


1248 Χ
Сѻûע⵽ҶζĿıѾͶĵزˡһʱ䣬˵Ǹ޾ͺ׹һĭҷɣСצӻһ裬´ʣͺ۸֮һ
еСԽͱСѼɿԵĻòŭˣ׷׷ĺʾһҪѩޡ
ȽòһϽ㵽Ҷεĺ棬˵ˣҪҰС˵۽һ޾ѱޣǻðҺ
Ҷΰο±£СҲҵͬҵۣӦûôصġ
˵ţСָӵϷɵֵܣҴżˣһȥ׼ǸͶ˸ţ˵Сӽʲô֮ӣޣǹ֮ҲҪϵֵܣϵֵʼձֻҪĿ꣬ϵֵܸ³壬ֵҾͲˣץۣ
һţҶĿɿڴǵ͵ŶӵưѸŲռѹͣһܻķСĳɾˣ
ϸһ룬ҶȻСѵ˼άǸԼ˼άɵģԼ˼άѾСѵ˼ˣСѵĳɳԼ˼άԽԽܹӰ쵽СѵΪˡ
ţСѶҶνе磬Ϻīɣȥ׷ǸӣҲҸӣǲӣѵѵ治֪ߵغˡ
Ҷһֻ߹ȥ˺īɵıϣҲȥȽȥ޶ӷŹ⣬ǲƸڿɺã޾еȲ
ҶεһҪ£Ƚսս˺īɵıϣʱķޣޣټɽּ俪ʼѰˡ
Ǹ˵޸ṩ۵ľζлϣţҲûЩģܿ죬ζڶĵ޿ʼЩ;ʼ׷١
ϵްյϵ޵жΧԲʮķΧôأΪ޷ԼζͶֻ޵֮ǰĵص㡣
ôһص㣬ΪƶΧľϸ΢ĶһжϷе޿ЩУһ壬ľζĵط͹ȥˡ
ϵһеֵȥˣ֪ѾĿ꣬ͰСѵļƻһһңſµķ˹ȥ
ȽӸʲôޣ㾹ȻŪô׷ӣϣһϸóһȷʵܻˡ
ȽҶ˵ˣû϶ۣĿû
ҶЦǲûж⣬̸̸ֻ
Ƚͷе֣Ҫţ²ҸɵģһλҪ㣬˴˵ޣֳôĶ֣㻹ʵʵ̸̸Ȼûĺùӳԡ
ޣôĸҳֵܣֵ̯ܿǵ˰˱Ѫùˣˣĸ˻֪СආҸˣ
˵䣬ڶѾ۸Χס֮ڶмۼϸİ
ˣˣҸ绹ҪءСѵֹڶŭޡ
ȵҶηֿ޵һҶεҲ̲סһ£۵ԭģǲ֪ɶˣԴ͸ͷһѪ赽ǰҲϲˡ
ڶޱСֹԾԾԣΧŹһΡ
ҶͱͱС˵СѣϽȺɢ˰ɣɱ
Сᣬɤ˵λֵܣҶ˰ɣŶӵ۸ǵĴǶôֻҪŽһģһܹѩޣóԸԣһҪһѣ˷֧ԮֻҪǱţ͡
ҶθϽͱͱСѣСһȻƪò˵ⷬ޵ļ׷űʾϿɺ֧Сѡ˭֪СҪ׻ãǸϿɢ˰ɡ
С֪Ҷε˼ϽߴңظңҸ裬Ժ˭õ˭ֻҪһкǵֵܡ
ǶˣҶŸúÿۡ
ҲһˣǣӣȶܵĹҪҡ
Ƚûҩ۷ϡҶζȽ˵
ȽϽͳҩڷȫˡ
ģװˣôģŪͿˣɱ֮𰡻ж֮ޣôأۼֱѪһĿ߰
ȽЩ˼˵֣ϴûŰŪ˭ϴСأҿϴϴ˵ȻСʣ¡
ʲôϴˣϴϴô£еΣ֪ԼƵµأȽ˵Ļ⡣
СǰааЦǰɣôĵӰҸСô˵֪Ƚ˭ŵôң֪˭ŵôҴ磡Ҵе㻹ܣҵСܣҿǷʰ
۶ʱѺ׵۾ԲˣСѣֿȽƺ˵ϴ
ȽЦ֣ˣҵϴһλˣϴĴ磬Ҳϴϴ֪ϴϴжô˰Ѫ̨ʰˣŰǺ׿ڸ˵ģҶԸϴϴ󣬽
Ͳ˵ˣͨԼľҲ֪һôҵ顣
Ҷο۵Ѿ־ȡЦ˵ۣʵġû뵽Ūʶô֮䣬һĺģ԰ɣ
ҪЦһ£ȴǣƣ̲סһˣῪЦʲôΪô
ǺǺǣ뷨Ҳۣ֪ȽЩһֱܵµѹȣȻûºĶԸǣǵӲùɣڣҾ͸ṩһᣬһԸ£ȻԼԸ뿪뿪Σ
ҶεĻۺݺݶһ£ȽֿҶ˵ǵ׳־ҵСɲ˴£˷ŹңҲ
ҶκٺЦۣʱ㻹ôڣǸѾƲ׶ϵ˶ҪѡվӡΪ⣬ǣҺͺһʤǲǶúڽսйأ
۶ȻһҶ⻰˵Ҫһսһ죬κķ紵ݶǻ˵ĵġвκһսеһ㵱ʱڵġ
ս˼ҿԲ㣬һʤˣһڳˣǾǸ˵ʱˡ֮£ϴϴֶθֲںŵֵ£ܹѣ˼ҵ·Ű


1249 Ͷ״
СѾǸְСܣһԥһ˵磬СӾǾƲԳԷƣҲϻˣֱӸֶΣܴӦʹӦӦŪ
۲㶼޳ˣⶼʲôʲôްһģͦõģһһݡ
ʱȽССҲŲ廰ˣ֣ʵϴϴϴûʹݵֶأǿǿѪ̨ʱҪǰ㽻ӴӴζ
ȽĻѧʣѻԼȥΪ˵пܾͰѻ˵ˣﲻһֻֿŵЧ
෴ģöԷԼȥ󣬶ԷΪھԵƣͻе룬ɵĿֻԵЧá
۶ʱ뵽˿־嵱УΪٶȿأ׶ϻķΧռܴЩʱ򣬾ͻᵽѪ̨ĸǸطԣ̡
ӽѪ̨ԲʮķΧ͸оɭֲںҹƺԩڿ۵ҲˣûиҽӽѪ̨Բڣ
ڣȽȻ˵ҪԼ͵Ѫ̨ȥ۶ʱоջһƵƵ
֣֪ӲĺӣҪȻҲŶԿôáֻϴϴϴ󣬲ܹԵģ˵㻹Ǵ˰ɡ
Ťʲôд˰ɣôеΪ潵˼ǣڲôȽʵ֪ģҪ˼ұƵʵû취ȽҲ˰
ˣȻ˼ܴˣΪʲôԼͲܴ˰
뵽̾˵Ƚ֣һȰҾʹˣԸ׷ϴϴϴһԸš
ҶκٺЦۣܹǷǣߵȷĵ·ϣΪеˡ˵ƾܵøɵʾĳɣ
⻰ɵһ£ϽʵˣҪʲôСһᰴմ˵˼ȥ
Ҷζһһ˵ܵɸͶ״ɣ
Ͷ״۶ʱˣԷҪԼ飬׸žѣܹ׸Էһˡ
һҲûѡˣʹ˵ˣôͶ״
ҶЦܼ򵥣ʵɱµǲġҪ㰵ɱһµ£ûɣ
һüͷеѶȣǲɵ񣬱ߵͷӦˡ
ټ£ҸһȥȻңǾͬ۹õֵܣҲ㵥ðյġҶ۵ļ˵
֪Էаæ˼Ҳмӵ˼Ҳ˴ţֻҪԼմѪˣԷҲͷˡ
뵽۾ʹҶμһȥټԼ¡ΪףҶȽҲԼټһж
ȽټµʱҶΰѺߣӦʲô顣
ϣۺȽһǧĲڽҶδˣʾ׶ܾźµѹڣҪҶδ˼ǿ쵼֮Ʒŵ˷ָͳΣ
ȺͽͲʲôƲ磬˵Ҫ¶ŸɣһʱȺ鼤ܣСУ޲ϳ
ҶδĵﲢûЩͽ뵽Լ£ֻ£ЩΪþˡ
ҶҲûжЩ˽ѵȽˣפĵط
µ£ҪǬݵ㸽פҶ֪ڰˮȻд֣ȴԼĵʱѪ̨нʥδ깤ĹظӦԱȽϱĵط
ҶδźСѣȽǰ棬ȽȨʹѱ޵ɳȥ
һ˾ܹܿһЩСǰ߾ǸɴСֱӸˡ
ٽһ£ҶЦȵ׶ʱ򣬾طȥϵ£һ͵ڿǵıؾ֮·ǼȥȰݵˡ
˵ţҶδߵļ˺Сȥһǧˣǰ汣ʮɵľθϡ
ǸϤڿҶξȻһϤˣ
ңڿǰ治֪ľһڣ
ҶλЦ˹ȥ˴кӣþòˣ㻹ô
˶ʱһһҶŴ͵ɴ۾һʱľ
ꡭ
Ҷΰָŵ촽ϣһĶȽۼߵ˹ߣӣôʱû棬Ư˺ܶడģܲܰһѰ
˵ţҶĹļ
Ҫ˵ҶĹһҲûö󾢶ɹȻһƨ˵£Ҷκˣ촽ͣ£ϴϴҲˡ
ޣôģϹĹۣϴϴǰֵʲôϴվȻľͰŮˣ
СѺҶǰΨΨŵŵڹǰǴүķݶ
ôһզһϡ磬ʲô°
ٯۻֱƤž˦־һƣȵôĸҸģٲãҲһвŮġ
˵Ҳûˣ治֪ùܹеܻܵá
Ӵ˼ˣôôݰͲ֪ϧôһԶµ
ҪٴȴҶֹסˣٴĹļ˵ӣˡҸʲôŶ֪ˣڣҿۺȽʰšҲǾʶˣҸѡĻᣬǱɱˣžͶ
϶ʱɷף֪ǰ⼸˿ɶɱ˲գ۵ͽ˵ɱɱǾ˵
ҡ˵һ£ɻûȰԼ˼ȽŹһһơ
ôģϴϴǰҵģϴϴǺæģҪʱ䣬û򻹵ס
˻öĥһ㲻٣˵ԸϴϴĻģˣˣء
ҶΰȽƵһߣٴĹļ˵ӣôԼվڷڰ˶Ķȥ
شˣǰѪ̨ô¾ڽʥĸᣬ׼Ѫ̨ٸû˶ˣԾʣˡ
ҶЦӣṩ鱨ҪȥЩˣΪ¹ͣô
һ֪ԼͽǵˣȻǲеͽھ뵱ͽĺǲĵġ
ҲɲùѡˣֻҶһȥǲļ
Ծʲôˣͷ˭ģҪǲϣҶΰЩ˴ܣԼ˽Ƿǳҵġ


1250 
ҶЩǣ¶ڶѪ̨ľĻǺܴġǧͶŵҴͷһΪĳ֡
ظҶΣֿܻܹʹֶΣҶǧСġ
ЩȷʵеϣҶһ£ǴսͻȻ˵ǴһҪסѪ̨ǧ˵Ĺڱеġ
ȽϢǸβˣȽԼģҶΣ˼ձû˵
ۿǳ׵ǹûҶҲˮˣԸôĵˣ֯Ԥı׼Ŷӣһǧ˺ǧ˿ô򰡣
Ҷθݹ鱨꾡İţȽ۷ֳӣںȺϢҶηźź󣬾һҪ𹥻
Ϊ˱ûܵƣҲûմѪļһﷴˮҶε۵ȽڽʱҪ۵ţӣȵºʱ򣬿»᲻ˡ
зĲҲòʵ˳һ㲻ʮ壬ھֻܼϣҶӮˡ
ҶùԼͺСȥȺ˵죬˵߹ͶϣشϢ
һԸҲû취ڲ⣬ҲøɲҲøɣ
ڹĴ£ҶܿͽӽǻȺ
ҶοŷḻžģһЩȺ̲סҡͷ˵ʵڻҲɢ£ں֮ڡ
˵ײиһЩԿȥСͷĿҲһ˦ŰӸΧ˺٩ΧۼһˣһѶѴӵȺȥϴ󼯵һ
վסʲôģôģ֪ǾصôһŶ۵СආҶμȵ
Ҷβ㱻ЦˣһȺں֮ڣȴ˵ʲôصأԼ𰡡
Ͻǰ˵磬Ұӣúÿ
ۿ˻е£Ȱ۾е˹ϣźٺЦۣҵ˭ԭӰ
˵۶Ȼһ˵ӣ˵ǹϵҲ˽Ϲǲǣʲô㲻֪ôǿҪˣӣڶãûΣհ磬пҲˡ
۽ĶҶŪû񺮡۴ڹϸ۵⸧ͺǸһŮһҶζɻɣҪֻ͹ˣǲǾһβĹ¡
ֵİѶ۵Ĵָ򿪣磬ΪûϹôҿҪ淴Ӧ
˵ŹһָҶ˵һˣΪ˲ͣ͵͵ܳҪ˵
¶˲м飬ͽﶼǲܻӭĴڡ
ʲô飬˵ˣõŸ˵ūӣĴУ˵ܼģһ߸ϵӣ۾죬˵һͣ˿ۣеӢ˼
ԸˣҶеǰ취ٺ٣ļ̫ͣҲ˵ס㣬ǹϵǧ˵⣬ҪǱˣǳԲ˶ߵġ
񶷼СǾզģڴڵͲ㣬ڳԲ˶߿кġҶôһ˵۵ʱ۾ҶΡ
ʲô㣬Ѫ̨ǱѾش¼ЩˣشвģҪΪĵƤĶУ·
Ҷαټôǿ̬ȣһʱ䲻֪ǺãڣһԹԸҶδ·ⲻڶи̣ߣһͽʲô
;֮ϣȻٲ˱ʻ۶ûش˵ҪˡЩʻ˵ʣ˵Ǳ˴˼ĴкʣһŶԶԷŮʺ˸оһ˶硣
۴ҶμȻ谭ͽ뵽Щ˵ĺ
ôģһССС͸ҵǲǣ֪֪ʲôطĵطô
һһִֵһڶ۵ǰվĭӽ˶һָͷ˶۵ıϴ
ۻǼһԷŵøϽ£һｲ
ǸһϰתҶΣһ˵ԭܵİʲôϢ˵ɡ
Ҷΰһ۵ҲǵҵĲϣϿ㣬ҪµˡҪ飬мԴģ
ӴŭһūӣҸô˵ʶһӵ
˵ţǰһؾҪץҶΡ
Ҷ΢΢һǰһΣѽһ죬ǰһðϣžһӽʵʵˤ˵ϡ
۶ˤȴһȿ
ūӣȻҶ֣ˣ˰˸£
ӵһ£ΧһȺüĿļһһӵϣ׼ҶΡ
ôˣֵģɺͳһƳ׵ɷһ˳ǰ
ȫʩӭɡ
ҶοˣеƮƮȻɵģֻ۵׵Ҷηһһ˶ɵɱԵеһ飬ѧѧģңҲزġ
׶ŵϺŵģʲôûɫ
ǰ״ɣūӣﻹҡ
ɴüͷҲ̫ûˣôһ˵ͰԼݵλ˵ȥˡ
ô£ܵһģŻװı£ɵȻҪǿ˲֪ٱ
۸ϽԼҶμϸ˵һ顣
˫۶Ȼһ⣬Ҷ˵ǴѪ̨鱨ģ
ҶЦֻһӰˣĿģʵʰǵġ
˶һԼĶ䡣Ҷεʱ򣬶һֿ۹⿴ҶΡ
ʹһһС޳裬͸£һһ֣ڳҪʰôˣ
ɫһ£ȻЦ֪ˣҶԲԣǰū췴ģеɫ뵽Ѫ̨ץסʥôõģȻˣҲ
ҶҶθǰ˱ļ֣û뵽ȴȻһ֪ºҲһǴֵܹ֪һЩ
˼ܹҳԶˣҶοɣ¶˳΢Ц
ɭЦҶŻ֪ɵεİɣ


1251 ͵ı
ҶιЦɣôǿƤӿɹƭ췹Եѵ㻹ʲôڳ˵ĵط
ٺٺ٣ɶܹʹĴڣҵž˶Ҳܹⷲ˵ʹֵܹ࣬ʹ࣬ǲκʹģܹ˰ɣ
˵˵ȥһôǰɣҲ޵ʹܸ࣬ҽһôҶЦʵ
ɺǺЦ²ð죬Ҫ͵ʥģеʹ಻ܽʥûµʹġ
˵ţ鶸Ȼһݣһ֣ΧЩҶΧ˹
ǸȻǲŹᣬۿô˶֣׳תҶε󣬵һҶη˹
ӵ뷨ܼ򵥣ֻҪԼһˣԼعסҶΣҶξͻ޷Χ˾ͻסҶΣһоˣ
ǣʵ֮вģܹʱ֮죡
Ҷθо΢΢һѾӵ͵ϮҶֹץסӵһק
ʱӾ͸оԼɼҶεĻﹰ
ſ£Ҷγźȵ
Ȼ֪ҶʲôҶεȴǲɵģæǰһˣſ˵ϡ
ҶӵһգʱӾһǴһҶҶӣΧΧ˴ȥ
顭
ײĶڶžɳȥ䵽ٽţҵĺ
ӱ˼ȦѾ崹ûгˡҶӣһӣʱӷ漸ʮɲµ䡣
䣡ӸøˣһԲһ״̬ԽѪĭʵĵǡ
˶Ҷ˵ɵˣһηηҶο£
ôģʲôúµģϣˣǧ˻ôʧøһŽ֡
ȻڴʱֺȺȻ˺ɱ
ҪսУ˭Ҳĺɱӭȥսɱֵ̫ʱˣҶͱְ˸סʱЩں֮뵽ľԼС
׳ˣЩ˾֮ͽһ˸סˣǾں֮ڣ
ӶԷ￴˺µ顣
ҲǼ˵ˣһ˵ı֣֪ٲס棬ܾǿµı̣
ҶҪ£СжˣУҲһūӣǻūôҾ㣬һϣֻҪʰһʲôܰƽˣ
ôһĹǣЩ˻ܹǿ㣬һ˵Ͼ׼ԸҶΡ
ҶδӴָקͨԵ˫յһҿ׶ҲûʹãͨԵǿĹֶΡ
˭Ҳû뵽ҶλգۼʹĹֶΡΧȺǰǰġǰߵ˿ͬ鱻ҶһΣҪȴǰ壬ûŲأֻźҷĴԼ
һʱ䣬Ѫɣ֫ϱڿвϷ衣
⣬⡭ͨԵҶΣͲҶҶԭҶһ壬ǰϵһ˰
ɵľ֮Ҷβɵͷһݣû뵽Լ龹ȻԶ
Ҷηɱֱ˹ҶֻһĿģǾǰһնɱԲϢȥ
˭֪ȴǳƶ鿴ҲҶΣߣǲɱܰʵϣһҪסȥء
ҶβЩ⣬ȻԷ֪ԼͷǾӦǸϽԶݲŶԣôҪץԼѵʲôֶΣʲôİܹץԼ
գۼ䣬ҶѾɱɵǰʱȽ۴ҲϵˡҶθ̶źžǿӵϾͷ
ʼʱﻹûףɽһʼ˾͸оԷûʲô־ϡﻩ˴ԽսԽ£һֱҶεߡ
ҲȽۣɵЦ˵ôҴ˹ԭ׶ǵػȽۣʥÿɶһˣǳվʥõĶ氡
⻰ǰãѾвˡҶι涨Ͷ״һٸͷɱˣѾһǧˡ
ɱߣͺûһǺöֵܾˣڣд˴Ǹǣ˵ʲôҲҪǸȽһڣֳľļơ
Ҳ϶ôʲôɣǸһȣ˸߲㣬Ϊǲ֪ôôģһڲţѵôĿôѵǿô
һ˵Ҷε򾪵ˣ˵ĵطͻаԣҲס
ܻӣҶﻹ淳ֹ˵Ĳİɣѵϼһĸһȣϣʵ̫̫ͣ˸о˼ˡ
˵˵˵սȴһûţߴ˱𿴶࣬ˣֻаķݣûлֵķݣһʱ䣬ǧܹܵĵĹģбɽͷ
Ǽ󱲣Ϊ͵Ϯܹȡʤô治ɫϵı֮ʢʰЩˣһ͹ˣΪû׼͸ɨƽѪ̨ô
˵ţͼƮȻ˰֮У
ҶڵȫɵˣҪ֪Ҷܹշеˣ׶Ǭ󣬰˵ʵȫѹƵƽ˵״̬˭ҲڿзУôģ
ҶȻѪ̨ضĵطǿһЩʵָġȲѪ̨Ļ㣬Ҳûʲô쳣Ķôأ
ȫɵ˰ɣ飬е׵ָоʥÿǸҳⶫʰǾԲ⣡
ҶοеɣȽ˵£Ը϶
ȴǺ˵ʲôˣˣȥһֱϧԼһֱŵѹ¹ŵµӣʱҲйƴ뷨ʵ̫һֱûҸж죬ƴһѣоʵ̫ʹˣҲֵˣ
ȽͬǼѣˣ׶ǹ󣬵޷У޷ʹԼ˵ֱǴżͨ˸ҴţֻҪܶԸˣ͸ɣΪĿҲųֵġ˵öԣƴҲֵ


1252 ǧӰâ
ҶôҲû뵽ۺȽǰı仯ȻôûжֵʱһֱǻûʧǾö־ĩһ㣬һ֣Ǵ˼Ѫһ֪Σգǲˣ
ϸһ£ҲȻˡۺȽĴڣ׶ֻͶ˵ūҪǿôһ㡣
ʵϣͳ֮£ЩԼ־ˣ˺ǿĴѹֶεġֻԼĶűڿںµ±ЩĶԡ
ɶһ˵ƽһ׶ϹնزصζȷʵԽܵġ
޴Ĳ˭ҲȥŽа壬ۺȽѹֱ֣Ҫܡһ˭Ҳסġ
еһЦȻҾΪѳȫǰɡ
˵ţһ֣һľӨСҶζʱоһ޼᲻ݵķâǸСϴ
ˣⶫֵܹģЦûʲôҶǿоķâģǼ򵥵Ķ
ۺȽѪѪҲܸоⶫĲҶζĸܣ˵ǹɷâĸозпƤһ
ߣûôף˵䣬ŰСҶһ㣬ʱһ貵ĽâӰСϼֱҶεŴ
Ҷ˫һͨԵâݺӭϣһ죬Ҷ˴ʮԶǵ貵ĽâҲɢڿС
ǱһͨҪһΪôı£ôҲᵽ׶û뵽㻹ˣ֪һ˿ټôֻҪܹס㣬Ŀȡʮ򣬻ľͿԶһһٿ򣬹ؿǷˣ
Ҷһ𣬿һԼѾǲˣ׶ƫԶشܹԼϢ׼ȷ͵˵ڱĵطѾǾ˽֪ˣ
ۺȽȴΣʵȽûɣ˾ȻôֵǮʮ򣬻һٿôĳҲûôĲƸԴ
ȽʮһٰһΪءۣǷˣ
ۺݺȽһôӽˮˣֵôǿ϶ǳţ밡һ壬ǿǶţĴڣ˼Ҹô࣬϶ǰڲƽ˰ңôʮʰĶ˵
Ƚĵؿһ۵Ҫ˵ôٸأ֪ʲô˼ô˵ôţǸôţˣ˵ǲǷ˰
һʱϲüңԶԣô£Ƚ֣ղҲԣƣҸⲻǡ
ȥȥɣûͬԡȽȻǲм顣
ʱ۶ЩˣȻ뵽һ⣺Ƚ֣Ŵţһ壬ǿޱӴޱţһ尡Ǹ˴ˣǿǸľްԶˣôе׶༪ٵĸо
һأȽֱһȻˣôԲа˺һľްԣôϸŸ˼ǲ㣿һǱߣôľǻϽɽ˼Ҷһۣʱ˲ԵϴˣôĸûĻûͬԡ
۱һһֱѵһ٣ûǺܸˣȽ磬Ļ̫ôľˡ԰ĴڣһǶˣο£磬úãŴҲֵˣ簡
ȽȴȻһС˵ڴ˵ʵѹƣǿôƽǸɵġ
ᵽһ㣬۵־ˣ͵˫һֲԵȵ״̬޷ʹֻɶԷ𹥻
ڰпԽ⣬һ㹥ҶΣһ߿ЦҶΣ޷ʹԼΪʹɣ֪ʲôôǧӰâǺʥƵĳúɽƶɵġ
ҶЦʲôõģɽ񣬱ոâãȻپļװðյĵââҲϳ
ɫһҶΣ֪Ļ治٣ǧӰâ㲻ϳ㵹óһҿȻôǾʶһǧӰâ
˵ţɽеǧӰâʱһӰֶɵĴ߶֮£ÿһӰͷų貵ĽâҶΰС
ǣһ󣬾ͼҶȻϵ·ѾǧٿףҶλȻûһ
ǿ壡ֲһ˻ӳôߵļ룡ҶΣҵҪܹǿʲô̶ȣ˵ţǧӰâûӰֹǧӰֱӰ
ιιιɿǲƽбǵһҶһӲâһ˵
ҶΣô˵ôɵĻôõĶãѵɵⲫôҾ㣬ôбҧҰԽ⣬ֱҪСսˡ
Ҷεָ˵úúã˵İСѣؿˡ
Сҡβ͹˵磬˵ģûԲ׼֣ͿǸ϶˳ˣҪϵĻ·ܳ
ҶСѵСƨһ˵ôķϻȥϼһŪ
С˷ܵسһԾӭЩӰâſ;һҿҧ˾ȵ۹УݺĽӰâñСȫ̵ˣ
۾͸оԼȫԴ˵簡һΪԿǻˣȻôСС޵ϴԭϴôţ磬һ£Ҳϴϴ˭ôĸ۸۰ֲСϴֻôޡ
ȥȥȥϴɲСܵģ֪Ϊ˰ϴ󸶳˶ٴôһǧ鵤ôɶϴϴΰ㡣Ƚʱ;киţϴţ
۵˵磬ͼǲǣǿɲֵʤֵܰ磬鵤ƲװɣҪֵҰæ׶ô
ţô˵ҵǿԿǿǣʱһϴǰԼģģ˺ôģ
Ҿ֪㲻ᶪҵģ磬ϴʲôôô
ӦϹų׵ĴڣϴϴסˣԲŻôظϴϴ󡣡
оôֺСѣСѾԾɵǰˡ
⣬⡭ôܣʲôôûܵǬѹƣɶˣһʱ״Ρ


1253 ĸ
СѵԲ˴۾һɡʶֵĶһǼɶȴԼǧӰâѾСѵʣͷˡ
㣬㡭㻹ǧӰâҲǼˣû뵽СôͣҪСѵᶫ
Сһ첱ӣѾǧӰâȥ˹һΣ굽ɵ֮䡣
أһطҽеɣСҧһȺݺקɸûκεĵֻֿܱСϵ档
ϴС²ϴݣۿСѰϵ棬Ӳĵطһ߱ĳһһܵСߣ־ͰؿھסȭͷҪǮһ
Ƚǰֱðǣô޳ܵôҵϴȽϽҲӲطɱۼռŹλãȽýߣ
һʱ䣬ƵļڶۺȽǱһɽ˲˵ıᣡ
ۿͷӣ뵽ԼոҲĳ棬Ǹûˣֻܴˡ
ˣˣҶ֪ȽɿǺ޵ҪԿ֮ͳ˲ɵ͵ޣйһͨģҪиȣɻãǾͳֹˡ
ۺȽʮҶһ˵ϾͣߵСһһſѸϴ󵱴ֵĹģ
ҶζҡͷӴӴ㿴ģЩ˰˵ţҶβ᲻ɵصĵطͱһ¡
أ
ɱͣˣַһ˻
ٺ٣ζô֪һЩ飬֪벻ҰҶЦʵ
ޣ룡˵˵ǸҾͲ˵ˡȻ˵
ɣּۻۣô˵ôȻðɣһֱͷӲˣҾͿ㵽ã
˵ţҶζۺȽһ˵עִ磬ǧʹҵˡ
۴ЦͷİɣҶҲôĻˣ۲Уٺ٣ˣƺðɡ
˵ߣ첲ߵɵߣǺЦɣǸˣôдĹˣ˷Ըˣٲøˡһôɡ
˵ţ͵ض׵ϣҲ֪ʲôʱһѼ⵶һɵĽţ۰˴ڣʹһקʱһŽ˳
䣬ɵŽնˣȻѶ̵ڿУһֻһɵͣһְֻŽɵĿӲȥ
Ƚ۵ļ˵ҲøϵˣֵܣȥЪЪҸһӰɡ
˵ţȽɵֱ۸ÿӴָͳһСƿܾϸɵĸ첲Ϳҩۡ
һɾ;Լĸ첲ͬһ㣬һðм仹е㿾ζ
ҲӲˣ֪ۺȽ˻жĥ˵ֶΣҪǸһַĥԸû
ҶκٺЦղ˭ôӲôûһʱ˰ɣϰ߿ɺܲã¿ڵĻôô
˴֪ʲôȫ˵ȫ˵һ֪ȫʱĳһֻ֪ƽˣﻹʲôܹɹϹ
Ǻã㣬ǬֻôҶκȻ¶һɱ֮ɫ۾纮âһɡ
촽˶̾Ϣǻ氡Ǵ֪Ǭֻ㡣ʵϲģǬĸ㣬ֱǰնõķλ˱ϵ֮⣬һŵλʮء
ôģʺаأ˵Ҳʹ죬˻ܵ㳤ƪô㣬ô¿˵ۺݺһԹ϶ɣ
ǣһʹ㡣ﶼԹˣϽ˵ʵǬЧõأںʥڵĺ¹·һӵǺ˵ĵطͨǿתװãټϳǿʯӪѹΪЧ
Ҷˣüͷʵղź˵ǶõģôǶأ
ˣ㿴Ǭͼ֪ôˡʵϣѪ̨Ͱˮĺˮ̶һ򣬶ʥĵ󷨺͵Ԩ󷨣ҲһҲûƭ
ҶλȻͷһ£ǬҶеĲ²⡣
ۻЦɣ˭֪ܰ㾹Ȼ䣬˵ǲǸһȣ
ɶʱɫϣȷʵΪˡ
Ҷɫۣʿɱ裬ͲҪЩ˼ˡ˵꣬Ҷת˵Źϵܽǰɣ
ɱͦмҶθӣôһⲻ۵ĻһôǾɫĶŰ
ҶЦᣬҸ·ǣͿϲˡ
һﻹ˵ʲô棬Ͻ˵Ҹȷʵ˹ϵʲô˾ܷԸ
ۺȽЦ㵽һߣǴа취ô˽飬ܹöԷĸԸ˵
Ҷ˵˵µʵܸߣ֪жߣ
һ˵ˣһ治֪µʵôģֻ֪ʵĪ⣬ͨǿսʿǰ߲һ档
ҶԳһ뵽µʵǿû뵽ǿز
˵֪ʵˮƽⷴǿŵģΪɵʵ͸ожߵʵ
ûа취ܹǬлָԼʵأҶζǷǳĵģֻҪָܹʵǿԸƴһƴġ
ҡͷˣǲܵġѪ̨Ҳ֪ˣһƬָܹһʵġɾǵطķ˺½һµʱŸİôΪܹסѪ̨˭뻹Ǳˡ
ҶεͷͬûѣĽҶĸϣӦûֶΣȻĵطָʵ
ܹշУȫǧӰâģѾСѳˣǧӰâСѵĶʣˣͱˡ
һ£Ҷ˵ɣƾô׶˵һٻضôֻҪܹҾͱ֤ȥҪĻٺ١
ûһλȻûֱӶֶԸԼ֪λ˿ǱȽΣһǧ


1254 צ
Ϊǰһؿʵ˺ܶ࣬æӦ˵۴ôţԼһܹ
ҶЦҪԵͷǵƣҪȻҲǸš
еļƲУƿûԸʹõˣҪԿͷǸˡ
һ֣̲ס£ҪƴǣһЦۺȽߵĻӲȥˡ
һҧ˵ˣֻҪܹΪЧԵͷҲʲô
ҶݸЦãʹ죬ɣģĿͷҲǰ׳ԵģֻҪܴԸȷǣҺôҲ㲻ٵġ
˵ţҶΰۺȽеһߣǶﰲһ
ɾ;ԼЩΪۺȽҶεİţ۾ϵ飬ֱëȻ
󹦷ҶΰϣȽˣǹЦϼһһ˰ɣǴ˴ȱҵ̧㣬ģǲƷͶٵġ
ܾЦŲͬѰζ̲סʵˣ⡭
û˵꣬ɫʲôˣĴ˾ֻһǾϴϴô϶ͽ۸ˡ
£òͷϽ˳ν۸磬ȥ
ۺٺЦϼһ㣬Ѿ׶ĸѹһ飬ʡǶԺֵʱ˲ص
һһϾ쵽лõԼ϶ʲô£ôԼԴҲûˣҲֻһһˡ
˵䣬Զи߷ɵ޽˼۶Ҷ˵ˣȽǱѾźˣϸȥ
ҶЦһ֣ʾⰴռƻ¡
һ֣Ϲֵĺӣ̧һڴֵľͷӣһľͷϣȻһһͷ̧ɾߡ
û뵽Ҷδ˵ĴȱֶξҲû˵ȷʵǲԼˡ
׶γһƿأȻԼĶ֮ġǣȽÿзе޶λĳҲ㲻
ȽסһͷӣۿȽƣ̲סȽˡ
Ƚʲô˼Ӹ㾮ˮˮĪӵ鷳Ƚһ˫ΪצצˣЩһﳤ˵ģ˫ֿɸ಻һ޵צһҲΪצ塣
צԾͺܸߣΪɽֵУ޵ΪƣֻĸߣϢصİڡ
ҲΪצѱͱڵ൱࣬ץ͵׶ǣƾŸһУŴúµĿжգɾ׶ǵһ
ȽЦ˵ӴⲻѴֵôݷģôô
ѴЦȽôףƽʱûٴצ˵⣬ǵצѱޣǻûúأȻˣҽãһƽϣϽɡ
ȽԷ裬ȴһҲûӣЦѴ㻹ǰקҼҴҪ㣬ҪȻΪԸ⿴ɥǵӣѴɣҼҴҪ㣬е£֪²ģʶٰ̧
Ѵλһ˫צЦȽ㲻һѱʦָܹӼ޻ãѴǰſ㻹ˣÿеްצ˵ľסܶסˣҰǺã㳢צ
ûѴﶯ֣һ˵ҿ˭ôô񣿾ƾһ˫צӾܹôɾôˣ
Ѵ˳һɵͣߵۣ°ȽСˣҸˣʲô¡
ۺǺЦѴҲǴˣŪôһĸʲôҺȽֿǰǶϴϴϴҪ㣬ɱɷ羰ǵ˴أһ˫צҲġ
Ѵ汻۵ϴϴϴдһϵгνŪˣѴ׺벻׵ģֱӲȡԭʼЧİ취
ͼӰһΣѴѾȽǰ˫צ裬һֻצӱȽͷһֻצӱȽزϮ
ԭǰϴˣֲôſ񣬸ǣѴģ˭ûãȻϴˣϴһ򣡡ѴĿҪצץȽ
ۼ״ϽʩչԼٵΣܵȽߣְȽһקȽܡ
Ҫ֪Ƚ۶սģ׺Ѵǰֻݱܷâ¿ɺãȽܣѴں׷ᣬһʱ侹Ȼˡ
Ѵ׷ʮ˷ܵʱȻһ΢Ѵһ˫צȻ䱻ֻοסѴô͵ǰȻס·ɲǼͶһ˲ˡ
ѴŤͷһԭһӢ˫ֿסԼצѴʶҪѣɲôʹ·Ѻһ㣬˿޷ǰ֮˵Ŀơ
ۺȽͣڴŴ֪Ѵ죬û뵽˵ʹ򣬰˸Ūæҡ
ۼҶοסѴָѴȵѴ֪˰ɣҼҴˣԸǻԸһֻһϿݷڵأȻÿġ
ѴˣʱԴۼ˫צѲҶεĿƣһ죬¶Ҷεĸ첲ҧȥ
ҶλȻˣЦſѴҧԼϡۺȽôҲû뵽λҶδ˾ȻѴҧˣ˹֮Ա̲ס뾪һ
ȻѴҧҶε֣ûҶεİһݶžѴʹĺ
ۺȽҶδ˵𣬶ѴȴѾϵ˸ѪѴֱ硣
ֱð֪ͣҲ̫޼˰ɣѴĿֲڣ˾Ȼ־͸Ūˡ
Ҷ΢΢ЦһͼѴߵķһ˦ʮײһϲŷص档
һϱ֮ȻѴײˡ
ȽþջһҪĸоȽһŬ죬ߵѴǰ
ιιιѴû°ɣȽСĵѴĸ첲Ѵһڵ²Ť壬ʮʹࡣ
ӴӴ󣬺οģǸǴôȰɺãŪ⸱Ӿˣ
ۿѴѾûвȽ۶ѴǴġҲҶεİţϲģȴȻٸơ
׺ĴڣģҲʵʵ


1255 ϶մѪ
Ƚ۵£ѴһǻָˡȽٿۣѴеı֮ȡ֮ļɵ
ǣǵҪʲôѴ֪Ȼզأ˼ұϴǾԲԼܹԸ˵ġ
ۺٺЦʵҲûɶǴʰţҪ׶ǵĸٴҵ
Ѵô׺Ĵڣһ˵ҪԸ£岻Ͷ
ۣûɣʰ£
˵Ѵ۾Ĵ¾һôķˣжҲǲ֪Һüζ㱻ץסҪϤ֣ıץס˰
Ƚ廰Ѵ˵ҶһֱŰ˶סǸԶԼľŽ֮һ㡣ҲϺôǣǲһɵĿռ䡣ܹάֶãûа
۲Ѵ˵˵Ѵ˵ʵɣǴҪʰˣҲøɣҲøɣʹ컰ɣǲɣ
Ѵĳ嶯ô˵ҲøɲҲøˣ˼Ҹǲɣⲻ۸ô
뵽ѴƢˡ
ۣȽұ̬ҪԸ£ԸûǸô˵ɣ⣬ôھôڣԼԼô
һЦ治УѴڰģ˵仰˭ұһ˵һǸŴڱͱһӣʱǿ޿ɶûطȥ
Ѵֵ̯ҷôģôѰ˼û취ֹġצһ֮ҪΪȺ濼ǣҪǾɱҲŷģǾͰɱ˺ˡ
ȽָѴ˵㻹Ϊ㲻ˣ㣬ежԸ㣬ɱ𾴾ƲԳԷơ
ѴбһȽŶ̿ĥңҼȻΪצ峤ҪʱΪȺɣҿ㵽ʲôҸĿڡ
ϵĻЦŨˣһ̧֣ɵ˰ָ̧˵Ѵ֪˭
Ѵ￴ɣм˵ǱץһɣߣĥÿɲᰡЩֶûã
ȽЦаѴצŰڸϵɺݺһ
ʱɵϣѪĿѪֱʣҲ̲סС
㣬㡭ǸʲôѴﱻľٶһ
ЦѴ°צӴˣֲǴ㡣ɣλɣǺŵãǴһƣأصŵߣ˵ʱһҪŵǰ˵ʲô
ʱѴˣȻۺߣúµԸңǽ赶ɱˣ
ҶηֿȽѴǰЦ˵ʲôĶɵȥ˵ڿ˵ΪȺǡǣ˺˺µͷǲǶȺ˺
ҶΣѴɲˣƢһǸһָɽֹ㲻ӵĸо
Ҫİ˵ľ籾µûȥ״ʢŭ֮׷ɱצˣǡ
뵽ǲĺѴ̲סһ
ҶιЦѴҳҵֶǱһ㣬ǣΪ˿ǣҲҪΪԼ¿ǣôһڽҪͷ˱ͱǿ˵ģ޶ûطް
Ѵϵĺˮεδµ䣬̫ˣûѡ񣬹ֲȽ˵󻰣ҲøɲҲøɰ˼׶벻׶С
˰죬Ѵ̾˵ˣǺݣҴӦˣ
ȽһĴȵⲻ͵ˣúõģôĿʲôӦõô
˵ţȽͳ˵ҩѴ£ȽѱʦѴҲƵķѴһЩԱԼܹá
Ƚֹ꣬ˣѴϴӦһ£ɹ˵ǲеİܵ
Ѵһʱҳ˰˲ôҪʲô
۹ЦѴǸ缸֣ڴ˺֮սУ߶ϰƣǾ͸־ˡΪ˱ʾģɸͶ״ɣ
Ѵһ㶵Ͷ״ҲǲԣôͶ״
һָ˵ղôԸģϼһȥԸˣֻҪܹϽһͶ״
Ѵﳹ׷ˣλ©Ҫǰλ˵ļƻȥȻúµȥȱ˶Ը¡
һѴ½ҲͲˣ
Ѵ룬ǰնԷļƻȥɣȻǵ²ܷŹԼЩһҲŹԼ
ôģ˭˭ˣôôùֵԼϣ
ѴԼ˽̧ɣֱһȥˡѴڣȽ۾ʸˣʲô鲻Զֻ֣Ҫˡ
һһȥģãմɵѪʱںҸţͲ֮ˡ
Ȼ̧ɵһȥֱΪ潵顣
ҪвģҲ򵥣ȱһ٣Ȼʵֱ˵Ϊֹ˭϶մѪϼ̵ģ͸ĻֱӰ͵Ѫ̨Ҫ
׶򼴱ںµͳ֮£ҲûҶڵؼǺҪƿصĵط̫࣬Ҫ˼ǬİȫҲҳʱ̫á
ҶξͲһˣеʱ䣬£ܵģСкһֵܣܰ׷·š
һȥ˵ҶκСˣȽλ׷ҶεġԪϡѾСˡ
һգȽҵҶΣȽ˵ˣ׶ϵľѾһһշˣȻЩСڣЩͲҲֵʦڡ
ҶζһεĹʮ⣬Ц˵ˣģилرʰ˺£ôȻٲǵġ
Ƚʮǫ飬˵ΪЧңûʲô಻ġֻҪ˸ˣһжֵˡ
˵ˣеǣǲǸøˣ
ҶЦݣصԶأֻǵһڵĹؼǰǬˣȻʼ޷ʵʲôŶ
Ƚͷ˵ˣʲôôҪֵʲô
Ҷһ˵бҪǬһƻˡȻƻΧĻ㻹޷Ǭѹʵ⣬ġ


1256 ˮ
ʱѾӸͷһûб飬Ҷεߡ˵ҶҪƻ㣬һֹӡ
ҶκǺЦɣʲô˵ûʲôɻ䡣Ƕһϵˣô²˵أ
ڶԴҡڵзԼˣҶһǸֵصġпܾΪһ̬ԣͻ˽Ȼͬѡϡ
ֻҪԷûжԼֳжԵ״̬ôҶξͻԼԴԷ
ŵŵˣǬܹĸ㣬ľһѪ̨ѾƻˣһǺˮ̶ɰˮصġˮǲǵĶҪǧСİ
Ҷζ˵ЩôҿôҪһô
ʱˣϽ˵ˣǵġ˵ʵɣˮźǸʵһ÷ǳƯĴСӡʵҲУС
࣬ۺȽǶһȻ󱬷ĺЦ
ᶼˣָ˵һף˰죬㻹ǺһŰǸŵҪܸôôԼ޷ô
ȽҲ壬ɸŪ࣬촽°Ҳû˵
ҶҲúЦЩ²̨ɤ˵ԼˣǰʲôҲɼ飬ͲҪȡЦˡɣ԰ˮ˽ⲻٰ˵˵ɡ
˵ɵɫŻָһȽۣȻ¶ЦЦ˼Ѿûôˡ
ˣˮʵһڳΣһҲ湻ˣܹκΪͻͽƫƫһﵽһͣͲǰˡ
£ۺȽ׶Ǵ˺ܳʱﶼ̫
ɵ˵ˮ׶ޣںˮ̶Ϣ׶δռݵʱ򣬰ˮѾܶˡ
Ϊһϵе¼°׶һŵأΪ˰Ǭѡַѡ˺ˮ̶
ˮǸʱӦýˮԣȻԸˣǾںˮ̶´սһ
˵ǴսһʵϾָĳˮһغϾú¸ſˡˮԱ仯ģʵںÿ¾ģʾˮԸԼ
ˮʵȻãɹǺӲͬ
Ǻ¾ʵջˮԣŵˮֻҪͿ԰ˮԳ
ջˮûеס½һʱ䡣ҲʳԣһԪˮԡ
ˮΪ̷ԪԺܹ˭֪Ԫҩʵ̫ͣˮԷԪļ嶼˼Ϊֲı仯һ˰ĹϰӸ£壬ƾ뾡˰취û취ı䡣
εĴˮԳĻˣҲ޷ҵ飬¶ϾǱˮ̶ײ
ˮΪʣͱΪˮڸˮõʱ򣬾ѾŪǬĻ㣬ˮҲӦտ㡣
Ժ󣬺ҵɣͰѰˮȥˡ
ɽ£ȽŴͣҶζ𾪲ѡԭˮ̶ȻôһεسдǧŵĹѪ¡
ɵļ˵ȣû뵽ǸƷû˰ˮ֮󣬾ˡ˵Ҳǿ֮ˡѹǴԺͻ᰺ͦˡ
ȽҲɵļ̾죬ȴû˵
ҶȴüͷΪɵĽУҶζˮ˼Ȥ
һҶ˵ɣռƻӦȥˮ̶ˣҲӦûصµߣǧԼ˵ǡ
ɫˣҼǵúһ˵Ϊ˾£׶ǸͬԸ¶ҵͶ״˶մѪ˶Ҳˣ˳ȥ
ҶεͷȻ˵ЩȥһѪ̨£ҿɲӵѪ̨ͨ⻷ܹʹܹϿһЩļȫɾǺ¶ʶ飬ҲҲ
˵꣬ҶδɵѪ̨ͨҶĵؽָʵÿԼļƻԿɵļУһЩܹй¶ܵļ䣬ȫҶĨˡ
Ϊº֦ڣڴɵļҶֱӾͰɸŪˣȽ͵һƧĵطȵ󣬾ͻᰴռƻˡ
ٺЩҶȽ֪ͨеͶ״ǶԼֲں¹ͺˮ̶֮;֮ϡ
Ҷνɣȥ֮ߺ£Ҷ߾Ҫˮ̶⡣
һ㲻뿪¹صأƱػֹԮˮ̶Ͷ״ЩͿ;ˡ
ȥˮ̶⣬Ҷβûд̫ˣΪԸˮĴڣ˶δؾáҶξʹ˺ȽۺС·ˮ̶Ҫư׶ڲշе˵һʹ顣
·Щˣ˴˼٩ɽҲûôįˡ
ȽҶʵˣȥˮ̶ΪʲôҪɸߺϢҿ͵͵ȥǸô䲻⹥䲻һԹǻе鷳
ҶЦĳֽǶ˵˵Ҳе¿Ƿǳˣ²Գ֮ɸ֪ǵļƻú¾岻Ϣ̫ףɹǲȦףȥ¹
Ц˵磬˵˼ҵܹ˽ģҪ˵Ǵ˵ʲôǾ͸ʲô͵ˣӸʲôֶ۶ıĻͷۣԾͲȥˡ
ҶЦۣҲô˵ģǧǱһʧ߰ıһáôıʧʱ򣬼ʱһĵӾͻЧӦ˭Ҳ˵һ˾ܹǬ
Ƚͱһ˵˵ǻıСģ˰ɣ˶ҵʮӣ㣬Լ벻취Ͷܹ취Ľʺޣʲô̬
˵㻹ˣʵҲеģֻû˵ѡһ˵
Ƚһһ˵㣿еģ˵ʲôŵĵģҲʶʶı
ۻȽһ۵㻹Ʋˣ˵ҵĵ㣡ʵģɻصܲܵõΡ


1257 ҹ·
һ⻰ȽеɵˣǰеһжΧɶԺ˵Ļá
һҪ¶ʲôţǺ¸Ͳɣǿô찡
˭֪˼״Ƭ̺˵ʵҲõģҾһܻúµεġ
Ƚɴ۾ʵֵܣӿˣǺҲµģ
Դ˵磬㻹ƲˣǾܷóĽ
ȽͷǺãֵܣͰܷ˵ɡ
۰ڳҶεͷ°˵磬룬ɻȥ֮ŻôȻüŨһôȻ۲ѣȻ˹һȻ˵ʲôʲôˣ磬ҪɵĹ򡣡
ޣ²úõһյĻ棬Ȼ軭һˡСӳĶòãôҲǸŴ˻ˣԴⶫɲɰ
Ҷζ˴ŵĶǱпŵ̬ȵġǰؾʱͳ˧ĶһЩүǣĶӣ֪ҲЩѪĺӵȤһַֻҪ֣ҲͲع档
ͷЦЦЦѡ˴ˣȽôһ˵һе㵣ˡžԲúŪ˵»ɵô
ҶЦ벻ţɵİȫ뵣ĵģΪѾеĲļɾˡĵﶼΪ²һġȻҲɵʶһ۵ĵط˲ãֻҪ߷ͻᵹǡ
۾ȵô񰡣ˣǺ»ɴȥĻô
һ治֪벻Ŷں˵޹ؽҪģҪЧǺġɴȥϢֻҪɾ͹ˡ¾ͻԮˮ̶Ͼ岻ˣǰҲˡ
Ƚһ۽ѵǳǻ۵ķɫͺǹϲϯһó֣
еʱȽΣдˣѰĬУҲǼںܶ鶼Ѿˡ
˵Ĵڻһ·ϵҲį
һգȽҶ˵ˣǰʮǺˮ̶ˡƽֵǵǻļ޷ΧˡǰֵⷶΧûģҲȥѰңȴǸһ𲻼ˡԣΧû˸ڽȥˡ
Ҷοǰľ󣬵ҲûʲôɭֲĵطֻľȱĵطҪʢһЩҶο϶Ҫʶ̽һڣֻһһˡ
źȽҶһ˽뵽˺ˮ̶ܱʮֵСȽһȾҶξãﲢûʲô쳣עĿĶ
һյʱ䣬ҶκȻͣȽæʵˣǾ쵽ʲôô
Ҷصͷûоʲô쳣
ȽԻһ壬˼˵쳣ûаҸоһжúܰ
Ҷ˵쳣ǿΧľǳïܣҲ֪ûз磬ڰʱïܴ쳣ƣǾȻûаоʪƺĸоѵô
۴󾪵԰ǿǾӵˣĵطڰʱӦ쳣ʪƣȴƽĵطһû˿ĸо
˵ţȻΧĶʮʱ䣬Χоյͷһ龰
ˣô£ѵΧʲô岻ɣȽ۱ϾҲ׶ϿĻҷչһˣȽ˵еʡ
ҶοΧ˵ңʲô壬Ҳغ¡
ãڲ¸ԳֵġҶ⻰Ҷõһ׳ҶΣɳǰн
ͻȻȽҶ˵˸١
ҶεһЦװµĶԺһ˵ͷ𽥷˲һ΢ĵطҶͻȻͷ˭ҹ
һOO@@Ӱïܵйһð˳
ǰˣҶζЩ⣬ΪǵķζҶģ׶ͬˣôأ
Ҷˣ˵ôֵУһˣʲô𣿡
һɫ·ƺȺ˵죬ǰ߳һ˵ǵĵ̣Ȼ·͵·ƣ
Ƚ۶һۣӶԷпһץɫôķˣǿͷӣȻ·
۴̴˵үеǺöСӣԼá
ۻеɵôŭָۺȵС¶лĻᣬȴ˵Ǿͱָĺˡ˵ͼᵶۡ
ȽͿһﲻˬˣһҪˣȥæ
һԵҶοȽҪȥһקסʹɫʾȽҪ嶯ȽҶθɫףһʲôıˣҲվԭزڶ
ۿź˵ĵҪʱ۶ˣǰһ۾Ͳˣ׶ǣǿԼٶȲŴһƬأ˵ţС԰ˡ
۳˺˵ҲλãѾں˼ƣ׼˷һˡ
ڴʱҶȻַǳõĸоָоȻҶλëƹһ
֣Ҷδ
ǣ۵ٶ̫ˣǸҶδ󺰵ͬʱƴһѾգۼ͵ݵ˺˵
Ҷϸ룬һһ˹ȥۼ򵽺ϵһ˲䣬Ҷεֵˣһקסۣ˳۵ķԱһ˳ưȽķ
Ƚ⧲װ˸һȽײ߻أͬʱˤڵء
Ҷӳۣһһֻȭͷݺݴ˺ˡ
һҶصȭͷǴһһ˶ʱʯ뵽ཬһĴɽں˵λãһĶವһܳԶûһľ֮С
ɽʬҺմԱߵľϾͷһһɹŨðû뵽Ȼ˿ֲĸʴԣ
ʱѾˣһĻһ£ҪҶδ˳֣ǼǿĸʴԵĶٻԼһ첲ʴ
Ҷֱϵ·ʴһֱմⸯʴҺ壬ȻûбʴҶҲоһʹ
ҶγԾѣҪ֪Ҷεޱǿģû壬ʴԶҺҲҶε
ڣȻܸҶĸоɼⸯʴҺж


1258 սʿ
ͬʱʣĸˣˢˢ˺Լϳ˱Ҫ˷𹥻
Ҷδ󺧣еǧҪӲҶһߴѣһ߻ζΣҪȥԮ
ȻҶκ߿ʱûһľ֮еĶȻľգۼγһ޴Űȭͷȭͷĸͷ㹻󣬰ҶȫȭͷĹΧڣݺҶ
Ҷζ޿ɶ㣬ֻܻԼȭͷӭγɵȭͷӲȥ
һ죬ȭͷҶεȭ÷飬˶ȭͷƬγ˵ʣɷǺÿ
ȻЩƬûʧһںϣƬ̵ʱںϳһµţŶȻһҫ۵ǿ⣬ǿһɢƹâսʿҶεǰ
սʿҶβɵþ
ֶҶǰʱ˵ĳЩܼܹӳƷʵʯЩķΪķʽѾһȻʶĵز
Ȼ߻ԼĳЩʶƬóǿʵС
͵ЩƵǾȻ˾һֻʶϣߵļƬΡ
߾ͿͨЩƬΣָЩȻγɵ¡ֶҲսʿ
սʿһǱֵϵĵεģ󣬳ţĴڶͨͷԼʵģЩɵսʿսɲþɳ࣬ĸָɶࡣ
սʿĵȼŵ֮ϣҲǿ˵Ĺȥġ
Ҷû뵽ȥˮ̶·ϣȻܹôֲĴڡ
սʿΪԣϿκڵϣ˵֮ڣʯȷڣܹƮ֮С
ҶǰսʿȻܹڿ壬ȻǱȽϸ߼սʿ
ҶΣ㻹־ܰɣѵҪָͷĸԸôҶθΪǣսʿȻܹԣֱӸҶζԻ
ô֪ҵ֣ѵǺ¸ģҶξʵ
ҶΣʥԶҪö࣬ΪƾССܹԸ˺ʥãεѪ̨ʱѾˣʱҾȥʰ㣬ʥ˵ã㻹ˡ
ҶˣҲһͻͨսʿ»һĻصĴڣǿսʿ̣ܹ˵˼˵ĵȼѾӽ˶˰Ĵڡ
ҶοôԸսʿʱȽһԭǱߵĸѾԼĴ飬һ廯ɵĸʴԶҺɽȥȽܲңһʴҺ˸첲
Ƚ첲Ѹٿʼãһۿɼٶӡ
ʱȽߵ޴룬ѸӵĿֲ飬鼱֮´磬ˣô찡
Ҷ붼ȵۣȽ첲죡Ҫ
ˣȽ֪Ҳûʱԥˡ۳һ̵һģȽ첲һȻһ첲Ϸ壬ڵϣ첲ڵϵһ˲䣬ȫһ̲ŧҺ
ۣչ˺ȽСѣסĸһҶʱۺرţûָĻϾͻˡ
СҶε֧䣬Բ۾ĸսʿǰצСѵһ㣬Եòô׳
СǰĸսʿȻҶǰսʿȼ̫Զ˵ж϶ЩٻֻҶǰսʿʱ򣬲ܹһĹ
Ҷʶ㣬ԥԼĶ֣˫ȭһǰսʿ
Ҷα̬ȭ£սʿͺʯܵ޴شһĲϱ飬ɲһգ۵ʱ䣬ĲϾ͸âѸٰѱĵط޸
ҶΣĹЧģ幥ܹʲôʱɣе޸
սʿţҶܹõİ취ܹ࣬ʹԼĹܣͻȫͬڸʩչԼľѧ
ʱСǰĸսʿʼˣһĲһȽСѡ
С¶ԥɫſСͣұߵһսʿҧȥ
ǵһСѹսʿʱСҧһ첲СھͰ첲ȥ
ûսʿӦСƶԼսʿȣ첲һһҧɡ
ҶۼС£ȴǸ˲ΪҶη֣С̳Եսʿ֮СӸ߸߹˿ûǰһϾܹ
ǴûйϣС̳ôҩҵҩģҲֻǱҩڣûгֹ̳ԵĶѸġ
ҶζȻһֲøղСڶԸսʿʱЩԥ֮ɫСѾжϳսʿĶͬôġ
뵽ҶξȥԮСѡҶǰսʿЦסȥ·˫һΣֱֻ۶ʱ仯ҫҫսֱҶο
ڿлһļµߣҶԸо̺޼᲻ݵʸС
Ҷǿ죬ҲӲʵʻεĹ
Ҷα־סʱСǰʣսʿһС˹ȥ
СѿʼʱƶսʿʱӣСѵĶӿʼ˲С¶˷ǳʹ顣
ҶοżȴǱߵսʿúް취ҶΪǿǰսʿǰް취
ΪԷȫɵģ˫ۻɵĵ治ϵʸУڵâķСҶÿһεȭܹöԷһ飬ɲһʱԷܹȫָҶ˵ֱһĴڣ
СƶٶԽԽڣһսʿץסᣬݺһţСѵ巭˼ʮ£ſͣס
ĹҲСѵ¶Ҫ֪С֮ǰǬޣǾһΨҶĳ״ڡֻд˵ķݶб˴ԼķݶСԸˣֲµȴԿ


1259 С
һȻûСѴʵԵ˺ȴСѸоһֱĸо
ָо·ǳµĺ
ء
һƳĺУΧɭĻѹ֣ƺеΧһȫ˿µ˵Ĺޡ
ҶͷһݣΪƳĺУѾûǷ۵ͯһִԶźƮĳ׾޵ĺС
ԭͻ谵ҹɫкߵԽأ·һصĽҿصɴ
Сѵ嶸ȻһȦֻĴ۾Ҳһ˲˱ӨӨʷŹ۰ס
ҶζٸвеСѣҪҪ
ҶεСƺԥһ£ϣͺһһֱսʿȥ
սʿûо쵽ԼΣǰСûѡκεսɣԼӲмǸսʿ
С屩һȦɸսʿͱԶȻⲻɱĶײ˵ϡСѲռϷ磬һ֮Ȼмսʿ˵û飬ʡ
ûսʿָԼΣСռڣͰѻɢսʿˡ
սʿСѵȻֱһ࣬ͼСϱŰ֮ʢһͷȻһҧסսʿļ
Сѵͳ˻ҧסսʿȻˮһСѾһ˶
ء
սʿǣСȻǵţСѾСԭεļʮˣ
Ҷδ󺧣СѵϸеһޱȿǸоҪ˺ѵһ㡣
ã
Сɵսʿ̺ʵֲ̫̫ˣȥĻСܲܳŵסǸⰡ
Ҷ˫Ŀ࣬ӴָקͨԵȫǰսʿնȥһҶζսʿҶһնΣ
ǣͨԵնսʿһǿ籩籩ҶξʮذҶˤ䵽¡
ҶΰԼȫõһն֮ϣҲûˡһҶκݺ׹䵽棬Ҷξ;ؿڷƣɤ۷һѪҪ
ҶϾչԼСҡҡλαȥ
ʱСѾ뵽˿Ű״̬ԼǰһսʿһսʿǿеĻҽһһƮɢȫС뵽
СѣСѡҶҡҡλܵСѵǰ
СѴǣͷתҶΡһ˫۾ӨӨʣͺҪ˵괩͸һԱߵǹѪ죬ͺҪһѪͳͳһ
ǷǬޣǸȱСˣ
СѡҶָţһСѡ
Сѵгɱ֮ɫͷ­߸߰𣬷·ǰѾ羴Ĵ磬һ΢ͬһĴڡ
Сѣ㣬ôˣҶοСӣг˱ӣСѵûʲôΣգǣܰСѴΣյ״̬нѳСѾпܳΪһֻ֪ɱ¾ĳޡ
пܣǰǬ޻ҪбҶŵһǣбı󣬲жʵ֧ţĳͷңʵԽǿ³Խң
Сѵ¶һ˿㯣ȻҶǸеġǣĸսʿӵеĿٴС뵽˷֮С
ء
СѳҶδһ˿Ŀ־壬Ǿ桪ҿһ㡣
Ҷε᲻ȻĻ䣺СѣУ簡˵ţҶǰһһ治̫̼СѣҲС̫ԶȻСѾ޷ˡ
СѿҶεᣬ֪һҶǰ߽һʱСĵ׵ĿʢǰһڣһҧҶεĸ첲
ҶûжǰԼĸ첲Сѵһ͡
꣡
Ҷδû˹Ƥ˵ѪҶѪСϵı֮ټɵ˿ڣˡ
СѣܺãҧֻҪָܻҧҶΪСһѾιӥ׼
С֮ģҲ𽥱СٹһСѵ۾ָںɫҶΨΨŵŵһ硭
Ҷбϲӣǰһ§סСѣСϲͣǣ޲ðСȥһ㡣
ӴӴۣۣۣ۰СϸֳʹɫҶεĻﲻŤ
ҶһСѵĶӾһ·һҪըȥȴʯͷһӲ
ҶζȻһǴѹ尡̳ĶرҿС츳ȻĳŲ
ʱΨһİ취ǸСעܣںСڿ񱩵ǣҶθ޷ܰ
ҶŬʶôŬǵ˲ܣ
ҶΣΪսʿôɵģڸоΰǸС㿴ǳŲסˣϽ׼°ɣ
ҶεսʿѾָãҶżòӣ̲סЦ
ҶһСѻ߽սʿǰ˵Ҫֶһˣ˵սʿɺ⣿
սʿһ£Ц˵սʿ֮޷ģб¾ֱˣĻǱ¶²ʵ̫ˡ
ҶѹסԼĻ˵һᣬǬлָʵİ취ңһ
һҶΣЦ㣬壬İ취ǲģܰôҸĸɲһСѾ޷˰ɣܰôô˺ңҶظԭģ
Ҷû˿ӣϷֳһɹЦ⣺ԭ֪취һ㲻֪ءʵԸİ취ҲûãǣС⣬ǵһҪġ
˵ţҶСѷ£һڽսʿǰսʿ׼ֶ̧Ҷεؾһơ
ҶζԴ˺޾ɫ΢΢һսʿƷ棬˫һͰսʿסˡ
սʿôҲû뵽ҶλֶΣҪѵʱȴоҶε˫ͬһ㣬޷ѡ
ҶΣӣҪʲôսʿе飬ۿҶһƴӣɵ÷С
ٺٺ٣Ҳ֪ôǬлָʵ޷СѣΪҵεİ취뵽һõ⡣Ҷ˵⻰ʱַɫսʿ


1260 ֮
ҶΣɱҪ֪޷ֶɱҵģϽ߻üȻȵĹԼʱҿҪ˵ġսʿûףɻҪвһҶΡ
ҶηһԼе}˵ЦҲСѵĻֻ÷ֶһˡܻҵǣ˵ʲôҲҪϵ汳
սʿһȻоԷЩŵζͷһݡ
ҶΣʲôֶΣ޷Ĩҵģһѵ㲻ôսʿĻЩζڶҶѾЩ־ˡ
Щ飬Ǳ˵ΪãСĸսʿŸģһԣ̵һսʿʲôζͨĸܣܹҵİ취ҲĻǾһ·ɡ
սʿʱŵðôҲû뵽Ҷλô뷨
ιιι嶯Ҳ֪ҵĵȼǳ֮ߣĸսʿ˿ҪǰҳԵĻ϶ᱬ塭
ûսʿ˵꣬ҶѾսʿļϺݺҧһڡһ죬קаƴһ壬Ҷȥˡ
սʿȻ壬ҲиоҶҧһ壬۵ֱС
ҶθͲսʿϢĻᣬһ죬սʿ˺ҧһ顣
սʿо˾ҶƣǸҪôһһһֱԵĽడ
ͣͣͣҷˣҶΣ㲻֪Ǭ»ָʵôҧˣ֪еܣҸ㡣
仰Ҷβͣ˷ľٶ۾սʿ˵ֻһλᣬҺŪҵĻûеڶλܹסԼ塣
ӣ׵׵ķӣսʿһ䣬Ը˵ʵ¶δֻ֪Ϊʣܹõ˵ˣҵδã˵һҪŵ԰
ҶЦ㾡˵ֻҪ˵еҲΪ㣬ҲԼĳŵŹġ
Ҷεı֤սʿŷ
ǬѹΪлֵķΧӪһȽԭʼ編Ǿǲǿ״̬֡еһУȫԭʼ״ֻ̬屾ܹõֵ֡
ϵ£սʿΪһƶɵ̬صĸ
Ҫ֪ķκΪⷽʽӪСҪܵĻԼġ
һķǿƣҲ˵ʲôڣֻҪٶȴﵽһļޣΧʱͿռ䶼ᷢ仯
Ǭ⻷УֻҪܹͻһٶȣǬԼͻʧЧӶܹﵽٶͻƼ޵ʱܹʹǬӪԭʼʧЧܹһ̶ϻָԼʵ
ȻָʵһɵģֻҪⲿʧǻܵǬѹƵġ
սʿ˵ҶΣѾԼ֪һжˣԷҰɡ
ò˵սʿȷʵеĳЩʱҶҲƵĸ뵽Ҷɿսʿϵ۾˵ŵԣһ·ǧҼǺˣϣҾ㣡
սʿȻĵףҶĴڣܹǵġ
ҪߣսʿȻ˵ҶΣȻسŵҲһЩء¶ںˮ̶Ĳ÷ǳܣڰˮ쳣ںֻǺ²ΧһϣʵķΪľǱˮ
Ҷˣüͷˮ֮Ĺ飬ҶɽˮѾǶôطŪôأ
սʿҶ˳˼Ц˵Ѫ̨ˣⲢ˵ʲô֪Ѫ̨ΪʲôôױƵôʵϣ¶һֱɶѪ̨ûпⲼãųŽ赶ɱ˵Ŀġ
һҶεǺϿɣΪǬһ㣬˻ɡҶѪ̨һЩ£ΪǣΪµĲж
ƽѪ̨һǬûм٣Ҳ֤սʿĻݵġ
սʿ˵ҶΣҿ԰ݻظʵܲҲһ£Ǿһʽס
ҶЦһ˵˵۸񹫵ĻҲǲԡ
սʿЦ»͵øҽף˵ܹݻָʵķûģˣΧǻкµĲáܹﵽһ޵ٶȣ϶ᱻֻ֣Ҫһţͻʧܵġ
ҶεͷŶ˵ĺе˵˵ɣǶʹ㣬˷ĭӿɲҵķ񡣡
ܺãҶΣҵʰ˺Ժ󣬰ѺµҾסҲ㣬ֱܹͨ׶ĵ£ҿԻԶԶϵҾͿԳ׶塣
е˼ʰ˺ôҶûнۣȴǷսʿһ⡣
սʿɫһģұ׶һʶˣ²֪ʱı˷ǳʶ֪ҪһͱҪµµɺռݺϣϾˡ
ҶεЦԭĿУҸ֮Ľ˭иʤ㣿
սʿһ˵忪ɣ⻹ǸˣǶһֹɡ
û뵽㻹ôĬУҪõµҲǾǺµҹʱһҵõµ㲻԰ɣ
սʿһ˵ԣûбǾô˵ˡ
Ҷγһ˵Ժ׶϶ҵµ£룬ʱӦúƽദܷʲô㶼ҪҪ󡣡
սʿ˵ɽ
Ҷظսʿһ֣Ҳ֣˵ɽ
γɽ׺սʿҶαСԭվסսʿҶΧ˺硣Ϊսʿ幹ɵģܹǬĸǷΧʹ͸ͨʹԼֽһ
սʿĲٿ£Ľ翪ʼתսʿҶΣȵٶȿ쵽޵ʱ򣬿ѡż٣ͿԶݻָʵˡ
ҶαСѣڸתŽתҶҪľٶȴﵽһֵʱҪԼټһͻǬ󸲸֮µķֵ
תٶԽԽ죬Ҷоͺ뵽һ֮һ


1261 
£ҶβܸΧתԿҪӭϽתٶȡսʿ˵öԣٵʱ򱻷ˣǾǰˡ
սʿṩĻЩɾһΧ֮ڣļǺСġ
һʱ䣬ҶݽתУͺڿƯҶһеĽ粻ϼ١
ҶŸӦһԼڵ˿ʶƵڸȻһ˿ɶļ
˵սʿǶԵġܹͻһٶȼޣͿԵһЩʹˡ
ǣҶڵҲܹоܹˣ绹úԶ
Ҷκ٣٣ټ٣
սʿȻһ䤱ɿ֣ѾӽԼļˡ
ˣѾԼļˣ㿴ԼٰɡսʿŬ˼£Լ޷ټ٣ֻøҶԼ
Ҷ֪ͻһԲô򵥵飬սʿٶȼӵϣѾǾԼȫˣΨԼ취ˡ
һ״Ķռ䣬ҶҪٵĻֻһ·תķһת
ķʽҶλûгԹΪ˻ﲻϳ鴤СѣҶҲ˲ôˣҶο׼еĲ֣˹ȥ˳תķתԼ塣
ɲǼ䣬Ҷξ͸оΧľ´䣬ԭһеУΧͺһɫΧԼһ
һֹͣûûйĻûкڰΧ·һĿռ䡣
ҶעʶȫеڣʱҶοԸоڵڲͣıӿ
ҶδϲֻҪܹܹСˣ
ҶҲ֪״άֲ˶ãҶθϽͨʶ𾡿ܶܣһ˲ȫע뵽Сѵڡ
ҶεĲٿ£ܵСѸٸСڲӵʵʻںϵһܵ£Щ񱩵ͬϸ壬Сѵһš
ȻСµʵֲ̫ˣҶξעܣܽתٶȲ⡣
Ҷһҧڵϵ˳ȫͶ뵽СѵڣӿСڵתٶȡ
ۿС̵ԽԽ٣ҶεĲٿҲԽԽɵʱ򣬶Ȼһ죬ѸٻصҶεڣҶΧˣ
սʿһݺˤڵأҶκСҲ䵽֮ϡ
ԲסˣʵǼֲסˡսʿҶ̧̧֣ʾǸ⡣
ҶοСѣС뵽˳˯УСӣȻ΢΢ӦǻЩûбתЩѾСûʲôвˡ
ѾˣͲҪˡҶ֪еζģΪڸСѴУҶμķ֮ܣάսʿҲ϶С
ϢһҶȥȽ飬Ƚһ첲ѾûˣʧѪ٣ȴ֮ǡҶοһ˵ۣͻȽȥɣҸһݵյ׼ҩģҰõҩȽĶϱ۴³
ۼȽ֪Ҳû취ҶһˣֻܰݱҶΣͺһչȽԼĵ̡
ۼߺսʿȻ˫ϥҶεǰ˵ˣߵڣСԸ׷ҡ
һǿʳʱܹһенϴһǳҸ顣սʿոտҶεʵҲҶζߵһУóϷ֮£ԸҶΡԭĿűʵ
ʼʱսʿҪҲף׶ϣǺµ£žҸ½а˵¡
׶ҲԶᱻƿأҶδӦѺµ˭֪ôҲһͻͻٲ
սʿĸͬǻսʿԺûпɽĵӣҸɽ
룬Сӡʵ̫ˣǸСɷǶ鸽ҶΣԼ鸽ҶҲûʲô˵ġ
ҶμսʿĹ鸽ҲʹӦˣҶ뵽ǣ֮׶Ҫֹ̫˻Ҫһǿ߲ܹס
սʿ¹Ӧܹܺø׶
ҶЦʵԼôܹܲսʿɣ
սʿ˼Цһֱˣõҵʱûʲôƺ˵һû֡
Ҷεͷô˵һ֣ܹĴڣٱ΢Ҳһڵķšӽ쿪ʼǽҿոµһ죬ƿɢؼ֮⣬ͽɡ
˴ϲϽٰݵл˴Сһסȡĺġ
վҶ˵ˣҿΪ˾СѣʵڲСˮ̶ǰΣϢһ£ȻȥҰˮ
Ҷΰѳ˯Сյ˳У̾˵ʱҰҪĵõȷеϢ϶Ҿȥˮ̶»ºµˮ̶ɾ鷳ˡ죬֪ˮ̶ǰ滹ʲôô
ҡҡͷˣҸոҲ˵ˣ¶ڱ˻ǺܲεģΪһˮ̶Ĺؿ޶Ҳ׼ӽˮ̶ʮķΧعأҪʩĳͷ¶²ʲô
Ҷοɫ˵ʱ򣬻գһͺҹһ㣬֪ôô
ҴӵʱҲ֪Ϊʲô󡣡
һ£Ҷ˵ˣǰԼܹҵˡ
˵꣬ҶĴ£ʼˮ̶ķн
ʱָǰһйеľ˵ˣǾϽı߽磬һֱҵ׳أҿԽ벽
ҶεЦЦֱӾľȥסҶҲ˹ȥ
һľҶκ춼ǰľˡ
ԭΪľǱ߻ľû룬ïܵľǰȻһ޼ʵĻߵش
ǰһƬأǻҺɫûκεֲرһѵĻҺɫӲ飬һС
ҶʶһۣȴƬïܵľѾʧˣ
ˣ⣬⡭ô£ѾˣԼˣҶˡ
Ҷһǰһ˵û뵽µֱʻ治СӦһĿռṹҪȻһƽҲӦÿˮ̶ˡ
˵ţ죬Ҷ˳һȴںڼ׳һĶӵð˳


1262 
˴󾪣Ҷξеˣ׶еĽʬ󼣬ǳΣգˣԸⶫ
Ҷμ˵ÿУ΢΢һ£ʵ죬ʬʲô
쵲Ҷεǰ˵Ҳ֪Ȼ£кܶγɽʬʬʶͺһ壬Ǳʶе
˵䣬ЩʬѾǰ壬ͷųԼҶε߲һ磬Щʬ磬Ҳ޷ǰˡ
˵һּ£ʬγԺΪΧĻ޷ͻԽԽ壬ҲΪֱΪʬԹأЩԹѪϣγ˽ʬֶ
Ҷһô֪Щģ־ͻûʳڡ
ȴǿҶε˼Цˣˣ尡ҲڵµĴڣеһУĿõĶҲŻ֪
ҶλȻǺͽʬͬһλãԲŻῴһУҲѹһôָơ
ɫȻһ˵ˣ⽩ʬǳǳ˰ˡҪϻ壬ȻŻѪһɣеʱ򼴱ǰѻѪйˣﻹûȥǾֱ̫ˡ
Ҷμķ˲֪жˣһĽǾñ巢
Ҫ˵ȴĽʬȻһ¿ʼˡ
쾪˲ˣЩʬҪ굽ص£ƹ繥ǣ
Ҷκһ˵Ҳ޷ҵǲЩġⶫǲϧ޷ȻЩʬͲڻ¡
Ȼ˵ˣϵ֪ҵע뵽вأ
ҶԴһ£תϲһûԹһ¡
Ҷεĺ󱳣һ£һҶεĺע뵽Ҷε
ҶθʶⲿʩչܵʱⲿȴȻתһȦʧҶεС
Ǭķ湻䷨ܹӰ쵽עʱѸ٣
죬ҵλעעʱ΢һ㣬ԡҶ뵽һİ취
ϰֻλãҶνλעλãҶεʩչܵĴ洢λãԴԴעʱ򣬴󲿷ֵת뵽磬ɻһСֵܹҶβ׽
ⲿֵҶץסᣬʹóµԪؼܡ
ʱһƬҶκΧӿЩǰ̳Ľʬ󼣬ڻ𺣵жʱһΪСʬȸּᣬȴʮ»ڻûκεĵֿġ
ЩѾ뵽µĽʬ󼣬ҲΪѵյùޱȶһˣڵ֮¡
첻֪ƣעҶʩչܣҿƵķΧԽԽ㣬ԶĽʬҲҶ뵽Χ֮ڣһճȥʬ󼱻ݻ˴룬ʣµĽʬоȵ¶ȣ׷׵ͷܣգۼͲӰ
ջԼֱۣҶεʱг˾ηû뵽˻ôֲļܣǽղŵüգǰʱΪɲ⣬֪˲ضá
ҶתͷЦļ˵죬ܶ˭ҪأжҪУѭأܹηηܹ¸ңֻҪгܹ
ˣһ£ʱϲлָ㣬ΪֻҪʵܹ޵£ڿȷʵЩ֮ܵĸоˡ
Ҷιٴļ򣬴ǰС
쿴Χ˵ˣһĿռ䣬ҪܹͻƳȥأ
ҶοΧĿռһռУӦȹ̿ռϵͳϵͳпһ󷨣Ҳпһ壬ͨڵ㣬ȹռĶԡͺǬһʧȥ˸㣬ǬͻȻ
ԣ˼ͷҶεͬʱҲѧҶεģ¹۲졣ܱеһȫһģô޷ʲô⡣
ˣܲһ⣿ҿΧеһжһģһʲôôоЩ˼Сʵ
Ǻǣ죬Ҫֲһĵطִ̫ˣԾͻԵһЩע⵽ĶԽʱ򣬾ҲҪƽ̬ڵ̬Ӧǹ۲ΧĹԣֻҪ̬һĵطͻ¶ˡ
һϽԼ̬ʼϸ۲ΧĻǿ˰죬ȴûκεķ֡
ٺ٣ˣҿ˰죬ûʲôְѵҾͷֲ쳣ĶôĲ˼ˡ
죬ѵ㲻ãְһΣĻУû쳣ǡǡ쳣ô
ҶĽͣĿɿڴһ£ȴҶεĻǳǰʹӸղųֵĽʬӦǳΣգȴǳгȷʵΥ
ٴΰ۾תܣһй۲죬Ȼâڱĸо
ˣûиоͺһ˫۾ڱסһ㣿һͷȴûκεķָ֣оȴǺȻ֣һ㡣
ҶЦûиоҲָо
Ӧô찡컹ûоֱ˶ס飬ֱֱȥģһԲϾͿùʹ򣬴򲻹ܣʮֿ⡣
ְп̽һֱע㣬ʱֵ̱컹ǵһ
ҶεЦֺ֮Ľ֪ɣֶס֮и뵡ʱ֣ӶﵽһĿġĵĴƴеʱס㹻ģֳסֺ֮䣬Ϳʽת
˵ţҶͣʾ£˱һ𣬱Ŀ
Ҳ֪˶ãȻϴ¡¡۾ʱȴͷСʯеڵеڰзУ˷ԼҶοϮ
ˣööʯͷҶûзӦϽѵ
Ҷû۾˵ⲻ̽Եֶΰˣ㷴Ӧ˶Է»ˡ
ǣǡǾŰʯͷô쿴ҶΣ˲ɣ
еʱԸ飬ʵ
ҶεЦ죬尤ʯͷû°ɣ
һǸԼ²һ˵尤ʯͷȻûµġʲô尡


1263 ɶ
ҶεЦҲ۾·췭ͷͲһ
ΣҲֻñ۾ѧҶεĿϢ
һʯͷգۼ͵˽ǰһϣʯݺҶκϣʯԽԽ࣬ҶκΪײֹͣѻ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Ҷκµĵط¡һСɽһʯѣ˳׻
ãϴ˺𶯣ԶʯѡͨжϣӦһһ𽥿
Ҷκ챻ʯ屾ǿᣬûܵʲô˺ΪʯĿ鶼ȽϴΧļ϶С͸϶ܹԷ
ҶͶأˣ߳ҪҵĻʯȺ϶ᷴġǶԷû¶棬ư۵ҪҪҲ޷öԷġ
ҶЦⱾһ̽ԵĹǻʲôķӦǷʱʯϾļһһİгֻ֡ԼԽԽŭȴöԷûκεİ취ǱʯˣԷҪ鿴һ
Ŭһ£ҪҶָȴҪһܷѾֹͣ뷨Ц˵ˣô죿ǸͷҲԽԽˣҪҪͻȻʯſһһ
Ҷ˵죬Щ鲻ҪŶҪӡڶԷżǵˡǾţôʯ㲻Ҫ˷
컵ЦűʾͬҶε⣬ǰʱҪӦǶԷԼƾʲôȵԷʯͷῪ;˼
Ҷκ˽ʱĴͷʼҰ뵽ʯˡҶκϵǣһﲢûһʯͷԼӲʯͷꡣ
¡¡һʯͷӲ꣬ʯʯΪ֧ŵı仯ϵ䣬ҶȻһȻôͣ
䣬¡¡ԽԽʱһֻ޴ǯһĴ쵽츽ֻ־һѾ޴һ㣬治ֱֻ֪ļһж
ҶοУȻΧʯһץסֻ׵һĴ֡
Ǹָо˱ץסһգҶξȻǰƶ˼֡Ҷδ󺧣Ҫ֪ڴǰľУҶҲûĶ֣ԷܹҶδģû
ҶδһʹһֻҲҶδһЩ
ͬţһĽ첻ϣҶθоֺһ岻Ťеʯ·𱻿ֲĳһ㣬˲Ľ䣡
Ҷǰģһͬһ䷿Сľ޴ļ׿ǳһĴһһֱֻҶκݺץסİ㣬ѾǶ뵽棬ҶνϾء
һͷһŻˡϽһ壬Ҫ㿪ͷ
˭֪ͷһֻţۼҪߣֺֻɨ죬ɨɳȥʮԶصڵϣ
սʿߵ֮ѾĻΣ̸߲˵ָоҲγˡսʿ˵һ޴ĽΪ˸оˤһޱܣС
Ǹɨ죬ֻڳĴֺͣϢҶεɨ˹Ҷһֻһӭץס˹һֻ֡
˫ƾУʹҪҶΣҶî˾ｩû飬ֱǰڻȳԴ͵ǰһ죬͹ҧҶΡ
һаǸλãŴһţҶԷģҹ֧зôĴľ޴ҷֿҶοԷϲ˼ϸĵ̣ҪҧҶεϡ
ΣҶζöԷҧģ⵹˵Ҷεǿᣬʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ˫ǰһͣŸﴥַˣܿ˹ҧžһ죬ֻһҧա
ˡ
۾Щ죬ǱҶθǻˣڶŰڶűصҶצ˹
ﱿأΪӴޱȣľٶȻǺܿɹ۵ģҶθո˺ɣϾͱϵֻ޴Ĵ֣Ҷն
Ҷγͼ磬˫΢΢һգ˫ȭӭŹִֻ˳ȥ
ҶεжϣĴôӲԼʹӦܹػǲܰѹĴִ飬ܹ˶ԷĴ֡
ǣޱȵȭͷϹĳ֮󣬲ûгǿҵӲӲǺҶεȭƤһһ죬Ĵ־Ȼ˼Ϊ˼Ťɾʮָֻ״̬
Ҷһ㵵ʱ򣬹֧ҶιҶβִֻ֮˫۵ֵȴһ³ִ٣Ҷζʱɨŷɳ˺Զ
࣬㾹ȻҹĿ࿴ǿɶҲǺôġ
˵ĹҶξ֣ǶԷĻͺǸһмص˵Ķܲ
ҶЦһ˵ʲôࣿôУôᱻµ֣һҪ
仰ֱɶʹɶŭǱ֪ıƣŰŪˣڱֻ࣬һǾɱ⣬ÿһҵ඼ϣ
ҶˣɶǸΪŵ֪ôƣ͸ķ
ɶųǵĺ⣬ٺʲˡ
ɶֵ֪࣬ʲôôרŶԸΪ򵽳ϱ౰ҵֵдҶοɶ࣬ʳָһʮƵӡ
ɶŭŤͱҶγˡ
ʱѾϢãҶθɶ̲סæȴҶθֹˡ
죬һЪȥһΪߵȣקúܣҪһϣſҲЪţô
˵ţҶһΣûиɶӴܵɶӴĲɶԲĶӾһȭ
ȻҶȭɶϣȴɶȥɶһ㰼ݣҶȭͷϵĺúƥҲһգҶһȭߵʱҶε嶼뵽ɶ嵱С


1264 ܱƴ
͵尡
ҶβҲ֪Լ֮󣬻һǿƵķҶҲûмǽɶķƮȻ˺
΢࣬Ϊƾܹ͵ϮˣǲĸоҪ֪ҵǲκεġ΢࣬ҵĵ̣ͻܹ磬Ҫ
ɶһ߿ЦţһҶŤ
ҶιȻܹɶ߲Ҷεȭ޷˼ɶֺֻҪɶܵתҶΡ
Ҷαɶػн·Ҫö࣬ĵ϶ҲɶҪࡣǶҶȻûϵĲأɳȥҶο϶ǺĲɶġ
ҲеİأϽҶε˵ˣȥҲǰ취ǻղһʹüܰɡ
ҶθղѾѻ˵ˣҪԼʹɶ࣬ҪæⲻԼô
뵽Ҷδȵ죬ûҪһԹսһͲˣƾԼʰһıؼһ
ҶҲˣӴָгͨԵӭɶͳȥ
һأҶǴȥģԲͨԵɶĴͷͿȥ
ɶֻһӭһ죬ͨԵȻɶĴָ˻ҶθоԼĻڷ飬ͨԵϴһֱִȫ
ɶ࣬ȥһҲǿЩֱֻغ¶ı鼫ȻҲҶεƴһòᣬֲֻͣҡΣԻҶͨԵײС
ҶһҧͦͨԵٴγȥյ£ɶվǾֻӦ
һ·ֿԵһ£ôһ¾ײ
ҶκɶǺ۵ĹţһרӲӲʲôɣʲô֮ȫŵһߣ·ֻܹйԼеơ
һײϰ£ɶܲˡۿҶλȻɶѡ˶ܡ
ιιιǺûмģ֪ӲңѵûбֶôɶЩܻҶδ¡
һԵ쿴öɵˣû뵽λҶδ˾ȻôԭʼķɶͷӦþռŵɶ࣬ȻֵвסҶεĻ벻Ĺǿ۽ˡ
ҶǻͨԵɶԴ֪ɶ͵ôӲһʱɱǶҲҪֻҪܹɶо㹻ˡ
ʲôֻҪܹǺ÷㲻ǿﶼûõôھŵԣҶ
ҶһҧгŻһ趯ͨԵȥɶĴ֣ҶζǶಢûжȤҪõɶֻһ㡣
ɶ൨ˣͨԵȻ˼ɴͨԵϴǹױȵļ𺳵ȴɶĵ׷˺⡣
˱仯ʵжУǲӲӶˡһǶøԱˡҪ֪Ҷοǲܲϳ壬ӵҿɶôӴ㿪쳣ҶΣԵæˡ
ȻɶҶһ磬һŨīһ֭ҺҶϮҶθϽһ֭Һ˵ϣʱڵһɺ̣汻ʴһ
Ҷû뵽ɶ໹һ֣ϽˣҶκ˵һʱ䣬ɶֻϺݺһʱҶεΧļ̴ӵ¹
ǡ
Щô˺˵ҶεϣȻҶûбЩ̴̴Ҷȴо˱̴̵ĵطһ׶İʹ
Ҷ䵽ϣ͸о˫Щĸоվ͵ϡ
΢࣬ɶ˰ɣЩֱ̣۵죬ֻҪĵϣҵֱȫԷļ̣úܰɣ
˵ţɶҶεĽǰٴôֺݺײ棬ʱļִӵϼٴ̳Ҷα⼬̹Ĺһ£ҲӲӣԾˡ
һʱ乥תɶ׷Ҷˡ
ҶθϽܵߣһѾס죬һξ룬ɶˡ
쿴ҶγԱ񣬲ˣɶδֲ̫ˡЩѰͽӴǲǺһѣʰˣ
Ҷ¶˼Цݣһ˵ֻ˰ˣûбҪšˣ죬ǲ̺Ÿߵȼʯ
ãȻͷȻаˣұ壬Ķղ˲٣ôҪô
ҶεͷҪǿǿˡʱҺȻ뵽Ҫܹ̺о޴ʯͿʹüˣôҲְɣ
Զԣ˿ǵļǡͳ˼ɢ뵹âʯݵҶεȻʲôŵŵ˵ˣЩʯ̺ǷǳֲģǸСµսʿضã
˵꣬ҶΰһʯѾŵ°͸°;ǳԳһȥ
ʵ˶ʱһɿֲ籬ըһҶεĶУӿҶһ°ƳԶӭŤޱſԼɶ˹ȥ
ɶЦ࣬û뵽㻹еߵҵǰǣǽʵϵľ޴ģҾҵļ̼ܣҲܰɵ
ſЦɶһӽҶΡûע⵽ҶεѾŤԸӵĵز
ʯ̺ʵֲ̫ˣҶԼܹʹʶɼҶǿʶҪʯͷųѹǰ첻ҿҶεһǿᣬǱˣͱˡ
ۿɶһ߽ɶ뵽ܹʩչ̼ܵĹΧʱҶȷˡ
УܣޱߣҶ͵ʶһֵϼʹó˻ܡ
ҶεһӣҶεǰԲʮɵķΧڶʱһƬ𺣣Ļʱɶȫǽȥ
ԶѪţ̲ס䣡˵꣬컹˷ܵ˰ơ
ȻȻ潥ϨʱϵЦݽסˣҲͣΪɶڻвҡ壬һĻҽɶҡεȻһ£ȻһҲûһ
࣬㻹кܶİ취Ҫ֪ûõģܹƤסȫȻѱƤȥһûа취
ɶһ߿ЦţǰֻݺһʱҶεΧֳָһƬϼðļ̡


1265 
Ҷδʱ״͸ˣʹ˻֮ΪʶȥƼܵʹãӶʹڲĿʧء
˺嫵£Ҷμվȣ漱ðļ̸ݺײһ¡
ʱҶ嵯ϿʮɣҶλʱɶ˹ſͣ͵Ҷ䵽
ڰУҶ˲ԼȫʶѹƱŰ档ţҶת˲ֳһʶʹóеһּܡ
ľܣƣŵмԶľ룬ҶοҪ䵽ɶʱҶλʹľܡ
ʱɶϳ˲Щϲ˼糤ḷ̌ҶεĲٿ£˿ֲһϵľһ뵽ǶС
ɶ۵һڵϴһҶҲ䵽˵棬ɶ˾롣
ȻǶ෢һһĺʱɶϵ۶ϣɶҡһ壬۾ѪĹâҶ޲̵һ㡣
ֶ࣬λðɣǾʹʵ㻹ô죿ȣ
˵䣬ɶමȻʼļ⣬ɶ༱ٵĶɶ౳ıƤǻɽһ䣬ЩƤڰӭһķɳ棬Щɳչᣬɫĳ̼γһɫɳ渲ǵ硣
Щɳһ֮ǵһҶΡ
࣬һȵɡжǿÿһȶѣʱЩҾͻǿҲǵвģʱͻӱƤһ㱻
ҶôҲû뵽ɶѲۼȷɹҶȻһ֮Ƽܣ
ҶεıȣһɹɺȻҶεߣЩȲҶΣҲоҶεĴڡ
µƼܣܹߣָܹоϵĸӦʱЩʧƲ㵱УҺ嵽ײûκεķпԡ
ɶ౻۴У࣬ҳͷ¶βʲôӢۣб³
Ȼ䣬ǶоԼĺһҶѾռɶĺˡ
Ҷεɫܲʯȥ󻯳ɵʮܣʹøֺּķҶǿʶҶο಻ԡ
û뵽ɣɶ࣬ӦֶΰɣϧһʹˡҶ˵
ɶʱŵðҪϽٻȣȴѾ뵽˺ƲУ޷ٻ
һ£ɶһӳ˹ȵסɶ໹б뷨ԼǱʶҶ޷˺ġ
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ɶĿҶֻ˵Ȳ֪˶ˣҾ㳢ʲôζ
ɶ౻Ҷ˵ûһͷŵ֮£Է÷ǳң޳ＸŻȥɶûʶԼ֮»һʲôζ
ܵģֻҵָӣôָܹԸأ࣬עҪʧܵˣֻŻңǵģŻңֶֻԸô
ɶԼԼƽȻ䣬ɶʶȻվԼıϣԼܹȥԸడ
ɶҪԸҶεʱĶϼȻ䴫һһ

ҶһɶʱоԼȫȫͨ͸һ㣬ӰӺԼ壬ԼһУȫӶС
ߣԭҲֻ巢ļܰһΪܹͻǬͷųļأԭֱܹתﵽͷżܵĵزлл˰׶ϣǬĸ£ͷżܵķʵ̫Ҫˡ
˵꣬ҶһΣɶоԼ嶸Ȼһ飬ʱ̱ڵء
ҶɫֽһҰףʩչҪǿʶ֧ţʯתûʶˣʩչ˴һ˲䣬ʯתɵҶεݺ۳ңҶεڳòӡ
ŬѹһҴܵҶƼܣʱЩһ˷УҶγ˹
ҶεһЦøղŴõɶļܲٿЩȣɶΪ󣬿ʼǵĹ
ɲǼ䣬ɶϷȣЩɶϲѺϾͻɫĩɶϡ
ûãЩɫķĩʢ߶ЩµѷЩѳϸϸëһ뵽ɶƤ棬ѸٿʼɶƤûãɶƤۿɼٶȿʼڣ¶ļµƤ֯
Ҷξѣ޵аɶƤԣҶ̹ġҶεȭ޷ƣɼɶƤжǿ
ǣССȳѵ£Ȼ̼߽ˣȣȷʵǲСӵĴڰ
ˣˣˣȸ˰ɣԸ⳼Ľ£ԸΪһе顣ɶ£ﻹʲôͦֻҪܹסʲô˵ʲô鶼
ٺ٣ǽұʱˣɶ࣬ܵȹʱͻẦ£ͻģǣЩɥ֮µĵʱ㶼ʲô
Ҷεķʣɶһ顣ʹȵʱǻῴֱҵȥɶ໹ܶԷĺͰ
ܲңһֵԼϣһпȥԵ÷ǳпˡ
ˣҴˣҲŹҰɡɶѾоȵĳѿʼʴԼ岿ˣʹĸоܹܣǣԼ嶼һʴϵľ޴ѹˡ
ߣʩۣߣʩѪѪ⻻⣬ԼµԼɡ
˵ţҶ俴һɶ࣬תȥˡȻ䣬ҶθоԼܼȻܵˣҶԸоСʱʧЩܣѾõĻָˡ
Ҳ˵ɶʹõⲹ䣬ǷǳӴġɶĶ£ѾΪݣʹһ顣


1266 ֮
ɶһ㱻ʴɶĲҽֱ޷ܣ죬Ҳзǳ̡
Ҷε˵ˣСҲǼĲˣ龰̫ˣҪȻҹȥһ£ſʵ̫ܲˡ
ҶֹɣʹȻҪͷֹ벻ֻ죬ҿԸεĸ㣬ɶⶼǾȡ㵱ԴΪʹָ̫࣬һһġ
ϽֵˣһǴ˵Ľ̻塣ô֪ⶫܵĳͷأ
ҶһʱҲ֪ô˵ˣܲܰԼһжɣҶ˵ǣĶ̫ˣһʱҲס
һ£Ҷ˵죬һʱ˵ҪסЩ飬żȻʵȻġΪʵѹƣһһֺȻֶθɵɶ࣬Ҳôҵȥ
˵Ҷοһʹɶ࣬Ҳֳһɱ֮ɫ
ɶ಻ʹôļܣҲͲ⵽ּܵķɡҪ֪ܹԱ֮ʩĴڣǴڵġʱʵԽǳȺ̫һܣܵĳͷҲͻԽУڤڤз·һֻƶһ
ЩƶǶӣҶЦֻҪֻ֪Ҫˡȱ˳֮֮Ǻܲҵô
ͷ˵Ľ̻壬Ȼףɴ˵˼ҶˣֻҪ£ֻҪͿˣô˵ô
Ҷļ˵ţ˼ȱȱζ̺ڼֶ֮μ֮Ҳһִȱ
ϲˣ֪ˡɶȻˣôȥ
ҶЦһ֪ˣѵûиоռŷ·һĸоô
쿴ܣʲôҲûз֣˼ЦˣҶڿռĸоʵǲЩûо
죬Ҳʲô̬ľ飬ҪȻ׷߲εҲ㻹ûо쵽֮󣬸ָйٵĶϢĽܶߣٶҲӣ壬ЩоǺǿҪǿⷽӴ
˵䣬ɶİѾˣɶӴ󣬿Ѫ¶֮󣬾ȻһѪҲûɶеȫȵѷʹˡ
ҶɫȻһŤ˫Ŷӣǳʹҡˡ󾪣ϽҶΡҶΰڰֵؾţǸղΪʹü̳ܶʯɵĺ֢
ҶûвͿרԼʶⲿЩת뵽ԼС
ȻҶεһңҶε쳣ǿЩȥ˶೤ʱͻᱻͬ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶβŰЩһǰ͵УæһУҶ۾̾ҪõͱҪӦĴۣǵ˲ƵġһسҪͷҲʹַˡ
̾䣬ҶһתͷɶѾ¶ɭɭ׹ǣɶʶڣȻʮ΢ԿóɶѾһֻ
ҶŸӦһڲдܹʹһּܡҶߵɶǰȻ̾ձصö񱨣ʱ˭뵽³أˣȨһ̣Ըһ·ߺãϲΪ񣡡
˵ţҶڲдʩչеԪػܣ𿴽һͷųĻЧȸղӵпʱЧҪá
ҶξϲӣϽʶ̽Լ壬ΪʲôЧ
ҶεʶУԼУһ쳣Ծ
ǲǬ󷨸ǷΧķƣɵĻҶθղʹûܵʱõʯҶεʶ£Щ쳣ԾܾȻҲԷҶʩչܡ
Ǹشķ֣Ҷϸǲ쳣ԾܣǱԭԼڵܸӾڸЩܽϵʱҶηԼеʹෳͳͳԺȡ֮һϲޱϲƱĴֵ״̬
֮ܣҶһʱЩȻոԼɶʵϾеı˵黳ƲΪҲǶɶĶӯĴĴȱŻͻһз֣֮ܵ
ⲿֵ֮ܺ΢ϸЩ񱩵ȣЩ΢֮ȴܹͻһзģҲ˵κε£ܹ֮ܶΪҶã
ҶεڣЩܾ֮ۺϵһ𣬻һˮС֮ܵĳ֣ȴ̱һ塣
ǰʱҶοܻܵؼ䷨֮Ժ󣬳ܹԼҶΣķ޷ԼסҶˣ
ȻҶڵܻ֮٣ͻƷԼһӤĳһһµ㣡
Ҷηɶ࣬һǽɶʹ࣬һҲȸյˣ飬Ƿǳйµ飬ԲŻ֮Ľ֡
䣡
ɶ屻ȼյúȻһʱ䣬ɶĻҽȷѵĻҽȫ䵽棬ɢȥ
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쿴Χ˵ˣֲĿռڱˣΧеһжָˣǰ˸ղŵ
ҶεһЦ˸ղ֮ܶϴʵı仯δ֪Ҷθ緽ĸоȴ˲١
ǰһУԵĺгҶεǱʶȴʶֺг֮£˲Ĵڡ
죬ҪǰľסһСģߣǼǰߡҶ˵ţԼǰߡ
ϽҶΣ˵ˣվ㣬ˮ̶Ѿ̫Զˣиʮܹ˵ԻҿǼӽ·ʮ·һյʱܹϵ
ûҶ˵ԼԼһСĿʮң춼Щܲסˡ
ˣôЩﲻ̰챻ķңҶû̫ķӦ̲סòһ¡
ҶЦô֮ˣ
Цˣ˵ҪôҼȻŴˣе뷨ΪϰߣȻҪ˱һˡ
ҶιЦ죬뷨ȻǺõģЩ飬ҪԴġ


1267 
һʱ䲻Ҷ˵⻰ۼҶΣɵЦˣĻЩףȻͯܣƺЩװɡ
Ҷɫ죬ֹ飬ԴġǣǲʲôҪǵƶ񣬶һԭǣԼȥ
˵Ҷβһ˵ȥޱȣȴʮ㣬ƺǴ˺Զľ봫͹ġңú룬նĻУ˻ޣҪȥֳвʺĲ򡣡
ȻЩ򣺡ǰˣôһ˵ȷʵЩˣǾԲܲˣˮ̶ѾԶˣǵ˺ˮ̶Ҫ
ٺ٣ֹ粻ʱ鷳ҲǶ㲻ȥġҶһͥŲţһ߸п
˲ɻʵˣ⻰һǲףѵ͸оһ鷳
Ҷ̾˵ҵǲ鷳ֻô룬еʱƫƫҪ鷳
䣬·ڽǰһ㡣
Ҳ˲ˣϽҶ˵ˣһЩҪϵҲô
˵ţ͸Ҷ·ܿһСȦˮ̶ķȥ
ǰأߵĵƶȻ𣬶Խǰߣǰ·ԽխխĵطȻֻһ˵ͨ
ȻǸխĵطһСĹƨСǰźޡ
ǰȴҶθסעƨС
СǰһľʵСһϸ٣һëײ֪ʲôϵƤë
СԣҶξߣһۣǶޡ
˺ܳһʱ䣬̲סˣǸС˵٣Сһˣô°ΪʲôҪް
ĻСĿȻֹ¶Цݣ磬ߣҲ֪һãԾͿˡ磬ļãѡһɡ
ҶζʱоһɹޱȵסԼֹ죬ѾָмľС˵ӦⶫСɡ
һڣҲоˣΪǸСһ˿ݵЦ⡣
ʶҪˣȴԼѾˡСӵϼǰľʵСƶǰɭɭЦ磬ѡӴɡ
˵СȻһľС죬ʱоһ޼᲻ݵķоԼಿλϮΪֲ֪ģ޷㡣
žһ͸оԼؿھһʹһСС嵽ԼؿڣԼؿľͣסˣɲСģΪСǰָסˡ
ˣ͸оԼؿǱ̴һʹ첻ȻҪǲԼؿڣԼ壬Ҳû
ſſСЩζˣӸղŵ۵ͯһΪϸŮ
ʱܹˣָС־˵㣬㡭Ǻ£
ľҶҲΪ𾪣һʱǸСѾľʵС˳Ʒأ˼һΣһֵ޸ˡ
ĶۣҶҲûġǰĺ£ȴһ͸¶Źƻζϵÿһ˷ĳ嶯˫ֵ۾·Ҫڻеĸо
£֮ΪܣڿĳνǾûдģ¾ܹǴܵģʹ˲ʩչ仯ͱҶεı仯Ҫôһ㡣ԭΪϵҲǸϺзû뵽ȴ˴У
ǺǺǣҶΣ氡˵ȥһٸأҽأˮһ۾ջζʴǶݣֱֱڻ
ҶεЦ㻹пͷģ˵ĻҲò˶һЩͷ
˫ĿˮһתЦŶô˵ģôͷ
Ҷ˫ֱЦ˵һµòʵȴһصصţµʱŻ˵ôܸһأ
⻰˫غģһ棬ҶǼ£һˣŪʲô绨ѩµˡ
һ棬ҶҲΪڻ
ӸղŸĽӴУҶ֪ھΪԲԼɻȥ˵ʶȫһ顣
ҿԼȼ֮еؼȫɾˣźҲͨʶõʲô鱨
Ҷ˵ʵϾſڿӣĨʵϾǸɴڻôĨɣʰɣڹʲġô˵²ỳɣɿɿء
Բɵ÷ͻ䣬۾¶ȻɱСӣҪ˵Ǻصģɸ˵Ļô᲻֪
Ҷ֪¿϶ɵļˣ͸Ҷηˣ룬ŶӣǾԲںµˡ
ţֺòãܵ˼̵ˣ˼й֮£ѵôôҪôɱ㣬ˮϲзҲһҲúÿԼʲôˣŪ
Ա߿ǺݺһҶΣҪ֪û˸ô˵Сġ
λҶδ˿ɺãרż˼Ҽùϵס治֪λ´Уʲô
µһһеɫҲϱ任ţڣ˵ҶΣȻǸҸһаˣҲһˡ˿Ҫġ
ҶϵЦһ䣬ź˵ţ⻰˵û⣬ףвͨġ
⻰˲ָӺݵ̬Ҷ˵вͨԱߵǸͽ׶򣬻ʲôġ
Ҷ˵죬ڸңŻԽԽ˸ңЩ˻ͽǵǺ޲ҪƤʳıŰߡ
Ŷû뵽˸ҺңҶΣллһУʰ㣬һЩ˵ġ


1268 鵶
ҶαϹž޲Ƿ˲
ԼʵĴڣڸɵܷ±ҪѷһĶ֣ʤʵԤϡ
뵽Ҷһ֣ӿտյĴָͳһʯ⻹ǸոոģͨԵҲʣⶫˡ
Ҷΰʯһͣ飬һȥϻصĽѵҶҲװ̺пֲʯһȥҶѡһеİ취󲢲£һʣһʹõ
ЦҶΣȻǴϻޱȣѹôѶԸǬĿ£ȻܹķʹʯӦǼƷʯɣܹ˵رðǺǺǣ壬ϲ
⻰˵ľͺˣҶβɵŭĿȵţˣޱȲ˵һ֣ѵͲĳͷô
Цû˵ʲôĴڣ˵ĴڵĻҾҶΣ㲻Ȼģס㣬ƳĿܣһᱣһʶ֪һֵһôֵ飡
ȭҶѾû˵ȥˣ޵ߵĶԻҶûȥġ
һȭҶʵʵԼģûʹɾĹѾ˶ˡ
ȭЮž磬µմ
Цһ̧֣־ȻͰҶεȭסˣ
ӴӲȭͷһߵЦţһ߻ĦҶεȭͷ
ҶζʱоϵļƤˣֲĶ֣ŻĶ֣Ҷλǵһϡ
˼ʮҶɫ죬ź¼Ҫҧ˵ĳ嶯
ǺǣСѵǸŮһ¶ôķӦı飬Һϲ¼޳ҶΡ
ݵò񣬿ˣѪ
ҶҲǶˣոһ´̽һº£ȴ뱻£úõϷһʲȥ
һʯĩʱҶεڣʯĩ񱩵ؿʼͷԼ̺
Ҷⲿ궯ԼιͼҶǰһƬ⣬գۼѪ꣬Ѫ굱УһֻŰ׵ͷмɶźµͺų˹
΢΢ЦľС˼£ʱСգۼͱǳһҶӭŰ׵ͷݺ£ͼŰ׵ͷգۼͷֱ⣬ڿƮɢ
Ҷδ󺧣
û뵽ԼιȻԷô׾߽ˣǰսУûгֹ
ǺǺǣСӣΪι޵ˣϸ߲ɲĸֶȥˣ㲻Ǿ֮ܣܿ죿´ųЦݿҶΣ˵
Ҷû£ȴǰĿⶢ˺еǱĵϡ
ǣСӵ۾֪ͦʲôôרŶԸι鵶Ų֪ɣΪƽõֶξϹֻ֮ѹʵϣЩ
¿ӶԼ鵶ԺһֻḧЦľԪزƵĵҶΪľԪʵزԪأ˭֪ľԪأʵܹںκεԪأ׾УֻҪԼӵܰιпƽι׾ٵô
ҶˣҲµĴӱеʱ򣬹̶˼άȷʵܹˣһ˼άǺա
֮ܣҶδһָһ㣬һŨŨĻе鵶Ϯȥ
ǺǺǣ氡ΪĻܾܹյҵ鵶ôִ鵶輸£ŨŨĻ鵶ˮһѸϨ
Ҷ쳣أ鵶ѾѰĻľѾã˵鵶Ѿǳôˡ
֮ľܣƣҶٴһЩʯĩʹľܡ
ʱҶεָһУһ̵˺µļ̲µȥ
Сӣû뵽Ԫؼܻ治٣˵ȫԪؼܣЩ˵ͳͳûõġ
˵ҡ鵶գۼͰѲںϵȫϣһڽڵҶһƮںµߡ
ʲôԪؼܣһʹɡ¿ҶΣֱǸɽһֻ˵һ
ҶκȻһЦȵܣ
ҶεŭڰһָһһĻ´ȥ
ѾԹˣԪﲻʹȻôɵô棬Ϊղõʲô۷ɣؾ֪һ鵶֮
˵ţ΢΢һ鵶¶Ҷ𡣶ʱ鵶ӿֳһɫĹâӭҶεĻײ˹
Ȼ鷢ˣɫĹâõĻ֮ϱ㱻õĻɣһͷһ㲻Ѹ鵶
⧲õĻѾ˵鵶֮ϣúޱԺ鵶ȻõĻ»˻ҽɢڿ֮СµķӦҲ죬ۼ鵶״ϳˣõĻ档
ˣ»ǱõĻմһ£¶ٸдմ˻Ƥոоָоͺ̵һ㣡
´ʧɫ⣬⡭ô£ܵģĻôôԪܵģֻô˵أֻܹһеģ˭ҲӵУ
ҶεȻߺ£Լٴʹûܵʱʹһ֮ܡ
Ҫ֪֮ţĵطܹһз֮ܵĸ£ܰѻԪصԪӳ
ҲǺܵÿ죬ҪȻҲûΪҽϧǣҶʹһ֮ܣȻ࣬Ҷڵ֮ٵÿԭŨһˮģھֻаˮĹģˡ
Щ飬㲻Ҫ֪ô࣬ٺúĥһ°ɣ
ʹôҶʵûʹ֮ˣô㴢棬ҲûˣǶɲܹģ֪ܲٵõء
԰ѺµһжܹҶʹʯҲһġ
ֻҶһԸ뷨ոʩչûаѺȫֽȥʱ򣬺³ʯһ˲䣬˳ֳ˵µǿƤ
ֻ°ƤӭһʱƤӭ籩ǣѺµȫסҶξȵķ֣ԼĴȻʧȥĿ꣡


1269 
źľûкҩҶںû֮ʹóˡ
ôҲûˣͬ˼һʧˡ
ǺǺǣҶΣû뵽ıʰɣ֪ڿһı£ôܹأ
µ·˷޴һ㴫Ϸʵĳɷ֣еʱ·ҶεĶ棡
ţܹʲô취أֻһͷڹꣿҲҶûκεİ취Ҷ˳ֵķ׼֪ʱɻľë꣬Ψ侲һеǵѡ
ǺǺǣҶΣ˵õǺ侲ҿп϶ǽֶԲԣģֻܿް취׶Ӧˡε·һ»ҰһҶβš
Ҷ͵͵һʯĩɿ񱩵͵ػһ𣬼е
һҶʩչܣɲ򵥵ŭ𣬶еŭ
Ҫ֪ΪϹ޵̺ϵ£ΨҶİԵƣĶ֣ŭУϢģʰ·ˡ
ǶֻսҲΪϱˣ·״̬
ŭһҶζȻǰƫһλóϸ΢ı仯϶ǺΪŭʧȥ籩¶СС
Ҷκɣ˲һʯĩӴָקͨԵעС
һʱͨԵֲĵ÷ϵ죬ҶκݺһͨԵĵһն
໣
һֲļµ˻ȴͨԵбֲĴ߶鼸ҪһͨԵмʱŰ׵ĹâЮһǵκ飬һȥտҲĵط
͵һ·ǿһӣ¶˺µİ塣
¾ŭӣǿƤһӣ¶塣
Ҷٻ飬ͨԵԺЦǲֱ˰µĸоˣǾԲġ˵֮УΪأ͵ӰޣܹԼȫþ˶޷ټġ
ˣһ˵ҶΣô֪ôĶ͵Ӱⶫһֶû˵ô֪ģ
Ҷûлش⣬Ҳøߺ£Լķ½ʱްϹŶ˵޵Ĵ档
͵Ӱ޵Ĺ޵жŲϺŵģȴϹ޶ûеļܣܹ
Ҳƾܣ͵Ӱ޽һܹӽǰĴ״ڡҲΪ͵Ӱ޵ܣĿһֱ֮һ˲֪Ŀֶû˵
Ҷڿ°ڳʱ򣬾;ǿƤԼδģرĸо
Ⱥ°ƤóϣҶβȻʲô
ҶЦţòϣȷʵźǿʵܹ͵Ӱ޵ëƤһƳһܹ¶ۼĳһ㣬Ҳò㣡
µʱҲûԹŭˣǺЦҾ˵ôһ徫ĺܣôҲһûмֵһٿ͡Ծ͵ӰƵĳܹù˵ĸ֪û뵽ǱϹˡ
ҶȻ˵ϣûƲ˵Ķû޵һ˵ֻܹΨһܵĴڣ
һüëЦôҸղ˵ĻˣҾΪͿԴģѵˣ㣬㻹۵úأ
˵ţ´ԼĴָͳһСƿְСƿһתʱһɫҺʵϸ档

ɫҺ嵹ϵһ˲䣬ԭή̼˲ۿɼٶѸٱ䳤֣ٵϣɢ޵̡
գۼ䣬ЩپӵΧеĿռ䵱УǵٶȻڼӿ죬汻ȫռ֮󣬾зչ
ҶۼΧĿռȫټռðĵȻ󣬵ٷ賤ʵӴɢ̹ģҲ൱ɹˡ
Щ̻һֻֻõ֣˷Ҷκץ
Ҷ˰һʯʵ˸Уɺ嫵Լι
׺棡
ҶεŭһŰ׵ĹâҶεȭͷϼЩŰ׵ĹâɲǼ仯һʵʵĵ˷
ǡ
һĿֲеȫҶβ׺һиôѣ
ǺǺǣֶβɲǿܹġСӣʲôֶλǸϽʹɣҪȻܹҪģ
źµĿЦڵϵĶͷųỤ̃Щ̵£޸ӵٶȸ죬ͷųҲࡣ
Щһزֵ״һûͷ״Ҷ
ҶθоԼҪϵĸоҶж֮ģµĶԲô򵥵ģΧȥõĶЩеԼĿܹ벻ĵطʱԱߵǿİʾá
ְʾ÷ǳֲֻҪ߽ⲿֵİʾôͻܶԷڲ
ȻǶ
Ҫ֪Ҷε쳣ǿģȽ϶ԣΧÿһǶ޷ҶǿᲢۡ
ǣΧĻȴʤֲҶεôǿҲ޷ӴȺᲢ۵ġ
ʯһ˲䣬ҶԼѡ
ҶλһԼڵĽеһ֮ȫˡ
ͻһзַ֮ܳһԡһ㵭ʥ׹âסеĻǣڴ֮£еĻ̼ͱ޸Լ
ߣţڶ֮µģֹǧǧڣбҪƷһ¶ʲôζˣ
Ҷ˵꣬ôһܣٿЩĻϯȥ
Ŀɿڴĺ£ôҲ뵽ΪĶ󵹸꣬˷ɣ
ôܣҵıԪעĶôأһǻþһǻþ
ȵѺȦʱ򣬺»һģƴҪ¿ס֣Լһжͽ͵ġ
߱Է٣ѵû˵仰ô£㻹ǽɡ


1270 
Ҷεͺڤڤеһһһͬըװ쳹ںµĶʡ
ߣҶΣδɵëСӣҺ˭Сܹģ
˵ţҧгݣܱɢѪâЩѪâǰļ̣ÿȥĻһԶˡ
ҶΣȷʵȻܹôҵĶΪáˣƵģôԸ˭ܱҸأµؿҶΣƵζ
԰ôһˣ£˼湻ܵˣΪԤķɣԤɣ۵㣬㹻ˡ
˵ţҶָһɹХ¹ȥ
䡭
ɹں²µѪâǰһըЩɹȻû˼µ壬ȴǰѪâըòᡣ
˲䣬ߵѪâԭļɳ̣Ѹһɳ̡鲼ںߵЩǵҽһӽӽһҵľϡ
ȻЩǻ޷£ЩǷ˻֮ú²ʤ䷳֮࣬Ҳ־֮⡣
ûȺӦҶָٵǼɹ¹ȥ
źıըܱߵѪâһߵĳ̣ǧǧǣںµ߽ۿźļһǰеĻҲ˲Ѫâļ̣ܶʼʼײ²µѪâ
ҶΰֱʱѾҪ÷ɹźˡڿĻǰǼֲ˶õġҲʱܹᵽȥһ־ĸо
ǧǧǵĳ£ڵֵסϵѪâʧһֵͬҰһ۳ңϳźµ塣
·һĲҽУҶֱ֪ĳ˸оʹġΪ˵и֪棬ӦƱᣬȻǷǳʹġ
ҶΣΪʤˣںµ㣡
źЦ˵ϣŻǵĲϳµ걻ڶĻǷʳͼµ壬ͬҽһ΢һɢ䡣
ǺµһһҶ뵽ˡô˵Ļصĺ˵ǲðźµ͵ϮΣġﰲһѾ˵˺¶㹻ӡ
µķɢĻǣҶԼڲÿЩǽڸľںϣܹγɾƣԼ
ڶĻҲûѡֻðҶεԸ׷˲ľΪԼϢأȻɢؼһǬ
ɵ˺£Ҷεڲ൱΢֮ܣɶ࣬µ϶Ҫصö࣬ɶǱ壬µֻһܵĽǺܶࡣ
ҶμֱԸˣû뵽ԼĴ˾ȻѺ¶ˣȻֻһֳʵԸضûС
ҶεɫǳãϽʵˣôˣǲǸոո»ƴܵ˺
Ҷҡҡͷȫǣڸ½ʱ򣬷µʯúѾˣֻصֺܵ״̬ˡ
˵ҶʾԼ䣬ⲹһ֮ܣԼ壬֮ܵЧʮ룬Ȼٻָٶ֮ܵĵ£Ҷεָԭ״̬
ָ֮ҶһԾ𣬴죬խͨȥˮ̶
խС·Խǰߣǰĵ·ԽԽ㣬ңߴľҲڼ٣вԶͼһԲľ޴ˮ̶Ҷκǰ
ǰʮɣľȫˣźˮ̶ܱߣһƬ೤İɫߡ
ĺˮ̶һ̶ˮһ㣬ײͺһ޴Ĺ˯һ
Դ˵ˣˮ̶ģ治СҲķ⣬ôҲû뵽һƬ
ҶЦ죬Ϊ٣ŻľȡֻҪʶ˳Σľ磬ֲܹ֡ߣҲ֪ô죬ߵˮȥܲʲô֡
ǰУţȻ˵ˣôرѹְңԽߣԽһҪ޵ĳ嶯
Ҷη˱ͺĽŲϸ۲ܣʵĸܣҶҲУֻôǿҶѡ
ȻҶͣ˽Ų˵죬ǲʲô
Բ۾ԴĴתҡԴ˵ˣҿʲôûѵʲô
Ҷα۾עȫе棬ԶԶģʮģһƮĶ
·һСĿռ˷Թƺ޾ʹȴְֻԹ¶Ϊʹľ
ҶŬѰԴ˺ܾãҶβŰԴתһ۾ƺҲ򶯣˵ߣǸߡ
˵ţҶǰ·ںţŰɫĵֱ̰ߵĵ̰бȥ
вãһȥݵس˵ǰһӵ̰ͻأȥĵطԶ޷İݵġֻе˽ǰܹĵò
ȥĵطΧİɫγĶԱȣݵĵȫǾӨʯͷЩʯͷзǳйɣͺһ֧һ롣
мһʯͷϣڷһ٣ǶɢʵıʯЩʯ˸ͺҹеĺһ
ϵңнɵһǴ˵࣬ԼܹҲϷġ
Ĩһ۾Ȼеˣզˣôˣ
ҶЦûʲôֵģ˷θΪЩᣬҲ鲻Խġûʲôֵġ
һ˵Ҳ̫ˣû˻ֳˣǲǸµ尡
Ҷƽ˵ǵģӦһһߣûκˡֻǴᷢʲôǾͲ˵ˡ
˵䣬ٵҲԽԽСҲɢ󣬾ֹͣˡ
о˼ʱ򣬺ȻٵҶȻֿʼˡһصûߵİȡ֮һɱɱա
ҶЦ죬ǲѪڵĸо
һ˵ǰˣָоô°ѵܹӰ쵽ǵ˼άɣ
ҶصͷΪӰ쵽˵ĸоϵķͻıˡ


1271 İ
ɲûоҶ˵ܲ⡣̲סʵˣ治ףܸһô
ҶЦʵܺ⣬۶ָй٣ӦľӾζֻ᲻ԴΧıܸоЩоܹյΧ紫ϢӶγõĻϵ
˲ɵͷ˵ˣôһ˵ҵЩˣҲ˵ֹ۸нյЩϢԼĴԣȻܹγһϵеķӦȻЩӦܹһϵеӦԣǲ˼
ҶļЦģڸΧĻʱγһַӦơ˵һЩ죬ǻжԼΣգö֮γ˴۸ӵķӦơ
һԴ˵ԭ˵ôôһЩֲͬķӦԭԭ򰡡ˣǲǿĶҲƵķӦư
ҶδЦӿɽҲԣеĶ϶ǵͬĵ㿴õĶĿ˳ªĶθһǸָйٳڻıܷӦ
˵ţٴԽԽ٣ɱ֮ҲԽԽԣȻ䣬һʯͷȻһӵԾ𣬱仯һִеʿһӶĲҶκѹ˹
ҶοˣҪӭǰȥȴסˣˣһ·ְƽһУҶò˼ˡ壬ЩһʯͷģҵģҲҳһذƽΣˡ
˵ţҲҶͬ⣬Ͼӭһʯͷɵսʿ˹ȥ
컹Ǻܱģ嵽ʯͷսʿǰһһսʿľеݹϵһʯͷսʿľеһֱֻʯͷսʿĲӾץ˹ȥٶ죬ʯͷսʿûзӦͱץס˲ӣһ˦ӵ˺ˮ̶С
ƺϲչʾΪ壬ʱĻ벻⣬ֻҪԸ⣬Ϳһֱȥ
ʯͷսʿһųȴһӵ˺ˮ̶С˵֮컹ͷҶ˵ˣôЩСɫҴˣ
ҶεЦȴָָݴ￴
ϲͣȴǰҶָķȥһ㾪°͡ΪһʯͷԾʯͷսʿ֮ԭʯͷȱݵλֳָһµʯͷ
ҪĻԷ޾ģ켴壬ź嫵ӦҲסİ
ٵԽԽϵʯͷԾٶȾԽԽ죬ʯͷսʿٶҲԽԽ죬һʱ䣬쾹Ȼæҵĸо
ˣ⣬⡭ô찡еŲסˣ챾վźȣʯͷսʿٶȺ͹ģԽԽ죬ԽԽԱòˡ
Ǻǣ㲻˵СɫԼôҶۼûʲôΣգվ٩
첻Ϸյˣ˭֪ЩôѲܶʼģ˭˭Ҳܲ˰
ҶЦ죬ʱöӣ룬ЩʯͷΪʲôͻȻ֮սʿǽй
û뵽Ҷλᷴ⣬΢һ񣬺üʯͷսʿľеͬʱͱϣȻĹȴײˣһƨ˵֮ϡ
ˣôѻ𣬹ؼһöվͶ뵽սŵС
һأҲӿԼϵٶȣһʯͷսʿӵ˺ˮ̶УҶεĻЩĶЩʯͷΪʲôͻȻ֮սʿϮԼ
ȻȻһеĸԴǸ˵٣ٸıԺŷһжǸǸйϵ
뵽첻ٰʯͷսʿˮ̶ץסʯͷսʿ϶Ǹ١
ʯͷսʿٵʱٵΧȻֳһɵ⣬ʯͷսʿڽӴ֮ϱⷢҵĲ÷飡
ϲаԼôղû뵽ðװ˷ôķ֣ʿٶȲϼӿ죬һһʯͷսʿ١
ȻٵȻֹеʯͷսʿѸٻָԭӣ춼Ѿγ˻еԵĶ׼ʯͷսʿһ³˸գһ򣬲ˡ
ô£ô£컹أ£Ȼ֪ʲô顣
Ҷι˵ˣѾסˣϲ㰡
ſܣϲˣĸƽˣĸƽˣˣҲܰƽˡ
δ䣬һ¡¡𣬰һ￴ȴʲôҲûз֡
ˣǲˣôһã˵
ҶεЦûǴӺˮ̶ﴫġ
ʲôˮ̶˵ţͰ۾ת˺ˮ̶
һҪɰһΪˮ̶ˮһ˲䣬뿪Զˣͺ˳һ㡣
ղŷӦǺˮ̶ˮȻˮ̶ĵλöȻߣˮȴǺȽûãˮ̶ĵλþѾߵʮࡣ
ͻһӺˮ̶Ĵڳһ׵ӰӰͷ·һһҡֱϣڳԺ󣬺ˮ̶ˮȻ䣬һˮ̶ˮȻĴҶκ˹
ѽһܣȴҶοȻҲŲ
ɳ۹ˮˣ˲һߵλûͷȻȥ
һϢףҶκǰ
һǱϸģϣžµ١ÿһ͸һ˵ĺг
Ľüһ˫ޱȵ۾ֱͦı촽һж·٣ȫϡ
ֻ£ʹܹ˵۾һ۵Ĵִֵ壬̲סɣǲΪϢʣʹӣ
΢紵ںĳƮ·綼ǣ
һӣʯͷϵ𣬷ɵĻ
˫ŰԹ۾ޱؿҶκ졣
ˮҶγſеİͷʵ
֣ƺǱʹˣϻָҶεͷ
Ҷʮָпһ꣬Ȼľе̾컯Ĳƽ
ҶҪˮúýʱ򣬾һ˵˵Ǻŵãû°
ҶݺһţΪ仰һԿˮֳ︡˯}˵ĺâ


1272 ʶ
ˮһַֻ٣һֺֻݺקסһң·乭һһķȡ
ҶζʱоһĪΣٽҲ˲ʰˣϽקˡ
ʱˮɿˡ
˵һһһĹâŶһǰĹâһɹʹñ߲һɻþ÷Źͺ׵һҪȥӵĸо
Ҷ֪⹥дмǿĹƻĵֶΣԽҪĹܵĹƻͿԽ
ԣҶηסӭǰĹ϶ԻһȭôĹӲһ¡
ǵһ죬ͺһһǵһϮĹ˵ʣڿʧһþòɢ
ǿ尡ˮиֳһ飬ͣҶγ޵
ҶζˮҲ˿˿øУЦҶѡ
ˮ¶Цݣһ壬ͣˮ֮ϣҶ˵ܹ࣬˵ʵܲһˡʵδؾã㻹߰ɣȻĺܲҵġ
⻰Ȼ˵е˲ҶôҲ޷԰ˮ⣬ΪҶξȵķ֣ԼˮȻʶĸоҶֵֺĸоǾǰˮԼҲָо
һ⻰Ͳˣʲô˻ĺܲҵģǿ˰˾ǿ찡
뵽ôɽܵ飬Ļڵһ¾ˡ
ιͷСӣôǴ˵أĺܲң⻰Ӧ˵ɣСӣˣǴ˿һ·նģúµһǱǴʰˣΪžûˣ㣬Ǵ˾ʰĹŮ
ҶöЩɵˣôҲǳ²ˣɽ˵ô˴𰡡
ˮ۾ת죬˵ǸշɣҼǵúº˵㣬˵ɲĵҩģһѱһĿధ£ʾԼһ᳼ѣôôͻͷˣ
ĿɿڴˮֿҶΣŵŵ˵ˣⲻȫģ϶Сҥڣ
Ҷο죬ĲĴ죬˵˵ֱ׳˼ûע⵽Լûϴء
Ҷ˵ָŰˮеСͷ٣ҲĲ٣Ҵû٣һӾͱǿϰٱ
ˮʱҲ侲ûбֳ̫ļ˵٣ҲԼǸǮô
һ仰ҭץ벻Ļˡ
ҶаúЦλһ壬һˮԱ壬òеĳˣûѧãûȶ죬ȰѶԷһĲֵĴɱֶεѧ˸ʮ㡣
ˮǷںҶζû̫Ķеġ
ˮҲҪˣƻˮ̶ǬĻ㣬Ҷ޶⣬ֻҪÿұ֤˺ġҶʮֳϿ˵
ƾ㣬ҲƻǬ󣡹֪֪࣬Ǭж֪֪ǬжֲҶҲûжУ㻹ȥɣҲ˺ˮ˵ĻҶβֻ࣬ϾͲôˡ
ƺǸˮˣָŰˮΪ˯ԼҲ˲ˣʱɱҼҴ˴ˣȻȥ˵˴ˣñѹµǸͷ
⻰ʵ̫ˣ˵ˮðɣҶҲùˣ˲˲Ҷ̣⻰ֱӾǱ˼ҵͱӰ
ˮ˫ĿԲͷϵĳ޷ƽĺˮ̶ˮ棬һ˲ɢ
ҶοͷãϽ˵ˮȲҪŭûоãҵʱлһĪĺøУң֮·ʶĸоңҶҲָоġ
⻰ˮгһãɫҶεĻ˵ûڼҶεʱ򣬰ˮһ˵ĺøУǸоǼԼһ㣬԰ˮҶǰֵҲûаֵ⡣
ȴǱҶθ׵⽹ۣһЩ֪òǺ͸һЩĶȴָơ
ҶΣֿˮݺ˿ĭ˵󡭡ˣ㲻Ҳͷ˰ɣСӳǺÿǺİ
Ҷ̲סˣƨɾһšһйߵĳɷֶһ㣬һſ
ԴﶼһЩʲôԻﲻ˵ĶʲôҶεָ죬޲ȥһ졣
쵹ҲûʲôҵķӦǻȻ˵ˣԭĲһȣҾ˵ô񿥵ôĹ
һ仰ҶŪÿЦãҪһ٣ȴ²ȥ֣ɣеʲȥҶҡҡͷת˰ˮ
ˮ֪ΪʲôôΪʳԪһϢңǡ
ûҶ˵꣬ͼƽĺˮ̶ˮ涸ˮɫ䣬۾ҲֳƥĹɡ
ߣҡҡҪˣٲߣҪûˣˮתһߣҶλֱۣʾҶθϽ뿪
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Ҷοˮ˵ˮпǱĳסˡղ˵УϢǲŻб˴ϧĸоǣǵ̸±֪ڰ˾ͲٿذˮҪǲ
찡һ˵ɣܹưˮģǺˣķѾˣѵܹǧ֮ңĺµưˮ
ҶεͷЦǲںµưˮҲ˵׼ˮ϶ܵǿҵĴ̼ԼԵĿƣ̶תһֿ񱩵״̬ʱ˭Ǳɱ¾Ķ󣡡
Բ۾˵ôҰԭΪŰҾ͸ŪùˣɸˮҼֱҸġȣղ治øˮô˵Ҳ湻ҵˡţôôأ
˵䣬ˮѾͷת˹Ǹӣ۾ѾֻһɫϣһɢŨŨɱ


1273 񶾵Ӱ
쿴޴ı仯İˮΪղҶ˵ǱƵģеͬĴһʱоȻ˾ᡣ
ˣô찡֪Ҷδˮ̶ĿľΪƻˮ̶µǬһ㣬İˮǱƲŻģûʹɱֵ顣
Ҷγ˵ȱˣˮʵͲڱ˿ԣ¸ΣգҪСģǵ˵ĻôǱģҪԼ
ͷˣˣҪȻˣˮٶ֣ô
ҶβؿһⰡûԴﲻֻһԴ¯ӣõĶ
˵ţҶ죬Զȥ
˭֪ˮΪĿҶԶ۾ûգһ¡
Ҳˮ뵽񱩵״̬ôôϰأ쿴ŰˮҪȥѰˮĸо
ҶΰסԾԾԵ죬˵ԣӦǺµľ֣ˮֻںˮ̶Увģ˰ˮͻۿۡƾһ㣬Ǻ£ҲѰˮˮеġ
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ҶЦ𼱣ţ׼ǰа취Ը
˵ţҶλ˰ˮں漱ץҶҲǰȥ֡
ҶȫƾŸоǰÿһҶζڸоŰˮı仯Ҷη֣ԼˮԽˮԵԽ꣬жֵĳ嶯ҶоεɱԽŨء
ĳһλãҶζ϶ǰˮٽ㣬ͣ԰ˮЦղǵĻû˵꣬򣬵ǰѻ˵ٴòã
ˮ¶һ˿ʹɫϣɫתΪɱоҶЦ¶˰ɭɭݡ
ǺǣˮϣǻܷɣʹǷ𹥻ҵӰҲǺܴԲԣ㲻ԸԻҪҸ˵˵˵Ļܿ˰ɣ
ˮкâʢ͵һ٣ʱˮµĺˮŲΡΡХҶη˹
ҶεЦſŷɽĺˮһֻһȥĺˮΪ̫ңԶҶεƷ䵽һԡ
ˮʲô״̬ӦôĵϣһֱһɣҸղ˵ʶĸооɲǰװģΪʳԪУʲôԭѪ
Ҷ˵꣬ˮȻһ鴤һ˫ֽӳٲһҲˮµĺˮǷһ㣬ˮҶηɹ
ҶβΪ⣬Ღѷɽˮһһ䣬˵֪ⲻı⣬Ըģͬ壬ѪԵһ壡úɣѵԼͬô
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ˮһʱ䱻Ҷεжסˣͣ˹ȻˮŤˣ˫ֺǲܿһ쵽ǰ
óˮھżΪ˫ֱˮأȥ˫֣ٴˮѾŤ޷ֱӵĵزˣˮȪӿһʡ
㣬㡭㲻ҪңҼֲסˣңҲ˺㣬ʵڣʵڿססˮҶμѵļ仰
Ҷλδţǰţһޱȳֿ˵ˮܿסңܵģˣѪҺпһѪһǴκεѹ֮µġ
ء
ˮһŭһŭ̺һԱеĲܿأ־
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Ѫ̨ûл˼ãҶθƻˡҰҵһкüŵΪľİȫѵҸô࣬ľĻرô
õĺӰԹ˵ŰˮˮõĺӰǰѾ̧ͷˣͷԼǰ
һŰˮеǸŵģôΪҪռ㣬ҾǵΧµһߵߣ뿪㵱˽вƲǧϵ
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ҶζʱһǾͨģ֪һָԼĿ֮ͬѾԼʶǿӵˮˡ
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ʱһˮһûɱҲûбŰǼΪƽ͵һ
ҶȴǾ쵽˲оһ棬Ҷεˮ̶ĺˮȻգۼͱһ߶ߣ
ҶȻ򣬰ˮˮǰˮԪصƿضȻʮ˵ãԪĸˮˮԪؼܾͻ
ڣҶοԿ϶ǣˮ٣϶һָܵĳˮͨʹԼˮԪؼܣǿ϶ǻˮԪؼܷӵ°
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£̫ˣðˮе֪ͼȻ飡þ񹦷סȥԸ飬ѵڿ˵ô
Ӱһ˵ҶΣ֮飬Ͳˣ㵹Ҫһ£ôˣ


1274 㻯
˵䣬ˮ̶ˮѾǵҶλˡ
ҶβȻû뵽ˮˮԪؼܾȻô˵ˮкµṩĳɰˮҪûмΪˮԪؼܣǶȻﲻЧġ
˵ĸôΣһ־ƶʤĿ
Ҳ˵ˮܹķˣû׶
ˮӣһȷʵ˲ųڣһ棬ҲΪˮˮԪؼʵ̫¿ס˰ˮ͵һޱǿ֣
뵽Ҷһָ£ȵ£ѵ׶ȫûôҪ֪׶飬Щ鲻˵ҪˮޱߵɱѵҪõô
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ź˵ɥĲҶ֪Ѿûκεˡգۼ䣬ˮ̶ĺˮѾûҶεǰ
ҶζˮȵˮͣѵʹôҪû׶ǣܹܵôʱ򣬲㣬ңԶҲܽ뵽һˡ
ȻһԴǿеĻڰˮѾûκεáˮѾ³סڰˮһΪȫɺƿصġ
ʱҶûκεİ취ġҶεʵȫڣҲ޷ðˮָ
Ϊˮ־ȫƣҶεĿڣҲҶ԰ˮʩչڰˮʶѾҪӺµʶӣҶҪǿд룬ҲֻºҶεʶڰˮʶ񶷡
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ˮҶһеʱˮѾǵҶεĲӸ
һ˲䣬Ҷ˾
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ҶεŭҶΪһ֮ܣʩչҪļܡԪָ
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˵䣬һĺˮڲӲӽУʹŤ壬ޱȿϣֳһѿڣѪм
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ˮϰѩƬһĽ䣬׵ƤȻѣѪȪӿһ
סˮڳȫһ֮䣡ѪĽɣָͨĵ·Ҷβȥ£԰ˮ

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´ʧɫҲ˲ҶˣϽ˫ĿâҪסˮ
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ⶸȻȻѣĵ⣬ˮһХҡֱϣΧŵȻ𣬰Ѱˮס
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ոҶҲһ뵽ԪָˮڵԪˮͿȫ
Ҷţ԰ˮԣڳ֮ԲΪŰ飬ҲͿԻһΣ

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µӰӴ󺧣Ͻȥе٣յеİˮҪ֡
㻹ǲҪĺãˮУ¶ȻַɫҪлΪһУǣⲢȫԲٿңٿҵΪңڵġ
ˮƽͶ񵭣˭ĳƽ֮УɢһϵϣֻҪ˼ǾҪܵͷģ
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˾ȵĿ͸ˮմȾ֮󣬾Ȼһڲˣ
µӰӴ󺧣ŵˣһ־ޱȵ۹⿴Űˮ
ˮ磬ıûκΰ취ġҼǵҵĺôԣ߰ɡ


1275 
ˮž޲úµӰɫɷף
ˮµӰӶȻ˵ɲҪڣȵʱ򣬿ɱҲ飡
Ҳ㷢йҵŭԣ㻹ǸϿ߰ɡԪ˱仯ĻᣬһūңΪĽе־Ҳǲʵɣһ졭ȣһжԹעɡ
·߷һҧӰһɢһ⼲۶ȥ
ˮںˮ̶ˮ϶Ȼһȣˣ
ڶǵĺˮȻ˲ͻָԭӡ
ˮŤڼ壬任һ״ߵҶεǰͶصܣ𷣲Ф
Ҷʮϲˮӣȫﻹʲô𷣵˼ҶĻϲѰˮЦǰ֮£ǺһƵģûаֵĹϵָܹԣǿϲɺ֮°
ˮҶٰݵл㻯ȫҿİˮ״̬
ȻԱǴҾһˣ죬ˮˣ׽һ¡ҶζڰˮѪϵĹϵܹҶǴĵ˵ġ
Ͱˮ˴ϣҶ˵ˮȻЩ£׶ʩѾΪݣǴǰһҪᶨԼԭ
ˮģڴǴǰһߵġ
ҶεͷǺãں׶ΪΪ̵ĳʵ⣬ǬǬһ㣬ָҪƻ㡣
ˮЦ֣Щ飬ͽˡ
˵꣬ˮȻһŤ壬仯ˮ壬ҡ˰գ͵¸嵽ˮǰˮС
ˮһŭ𣬴һ𣡡
ŰˮϷɣˮ̶ˮҲŰˮϷУŰˮԽԽߣˮ̶ˮӰθţɵ˰֮ϡ
գۼ䣬ˮ̶ˮˮ˰գտҲĺˮ̶¶ˮµĿ
ںˮ̶λϣȻĺɫ󷨻ʯЩ󷨻ʯҫ𲻶ĺɫâԸܵЩɫâǿѹŴӵص͸ϵŨ
ҶλȻԭǬģס׶ĵʹ֮ﵽ׶ϵͳرգʹ֮Ϊһԭʼ״̬򣬾ܹʹ޷ʹܹѹסеʵˡ
Ҫ֪ЩǽֻԼġһԭʼ״̬ܹʹãǾͻʹת˲ͻᱻƻ޷޸
һ㶼ϢĵطһƻпܾͻڼƵ䣬ڷ˵ӦͻӦĻƣⲻܹıġ
ǬĹ򣬴ﵽѹΪĿġò˵ܹǬˣҲһܼܹ̽طһˡ
ˮѺˮ̶ˮ˸ߴ͵ظӿˮڿҪǬ󷨻ʯʱ򣬰ˮȻͣסЩӿˮȴûͣ޼᲻ݵĳһ󷨻ʯ
ڶڼˮ£ɫ󷨻ʯ÷飡һ󷨻ʯȫͼˮ̶ĵâʢŨӵ뵵Ĺ⻪˻뵽ɾһ㡣
ҶŸһ壬ԼڵѾܹСֻˡ
ڿˮ̶ԭŨīһɫտտˮܹһף
һԴɢ뵵ֱеӡ
Ҳ֪˶ãˮ̶ʧ
ˮɵҶǰ˵СԸ׷ǣ
ҶЦ˵ܺã˼ʮ⣬ҲһҪҵߣһ׶ԼģԸ׶ô
ˮϥڵأ˵ԸСһ߾ȫǣ
ҶθϽѰˮЦ˵ѾˣӴԺҲͲٽаˮˣһΪգͽɡסҵ˼Ϊ֮ţ򲻿ɹҵ
ˣɵôϲݵȴҶֹסˣ𾴲һҪжϣֻҪдݾˡţƾı£ֻҪ㲻뿪ˮҲ
һ֮Ҷش˵أԼֱµڵλøȥ
ڣ׶ϵʵѹС˺ܶ࣬ҶκѾܹշˡ
ʵˣôСһı£ܴ򰡣ְǲ¾δˣҴ
ҶλͷЦ죬ҷĻӿɲٰʲôоδ˰Ȼⷽԭ򣬿ڴǴǰԻԭġҰںˮ̶ҪΪˮ̶λ̫ҪˣָǬĿãǹؼ
ˣɵðһˣӦ಼ְҪȻȥˣܹôôһ˲ţɱúٸ˰
Ҷһ죺죬ﶼЩʲôҼȻҰŵȻҵĵҲɵ֪ȥµģһҹȥˮ̶ֻҪȥûܹκεġ
컹˵ȻԶһɽָɽеˣǺµڵĺɽˣǼӰѾϽȥɡ
һҶη콵䵽˵棬۲һΧȻС￿ȥ
ҶôСģ̲סʵˣⶼ˵طˣôСİ
ҶЦ¾˺ˮ̶һ֪֮ǻᵽµ϶;¸Ⱥǣ⻹ôˣԭͽкɽô½һְ
˵׶طԭû֣ΪµԺ󣬰Ӧɽָ֣ߴ͵ģţǧء
˵䣬Ѿ˺ɽɽ£ҶɽС·ľҶܹʹԼ֮һʵҲܹԼʶͷųȥ̽һΧ
ɽһֱɽûʲô쳣Ҳûʲô˻޵ĴڣҶЩ⡣
Ҷζںµ⣬ӦǷǳϲųһˣҲͲʹôʥˡ
ⷽȥӦûںɽɽ¾ͿʼɳѲӺɽһҲûе״


1276 
ֻһֽͣͨɽϵĵ·У±ضмΪѲߣҪЩ˸ȥԲŲ˳֡
ɽɽܣ޳ûĺõطҶεʶ̽УȻû̽鵽ֻټ͸˵еĹ졣
Ҫ֪޺˿ɲ̫һ޵رǿֻҪһĿռ䣬Ǿܹ
Ϣڣ˵̽ķΧټȫ޵ġܹпܵľǴģ涾£Ҷζⷽ濰ǴʦҶԼͷһ㡣
˰죬ҶҲ޷ͨԼʶ̽Ϣóһܹ˵ԼĽۡ۲һܣҶδС·ϵߣܿС·Ҷε뷨ҲеģïܵľнţҲò׽˵ټɡ
;֮ϣҶֳһЩ죬ͼ׽ܴڵˡҶη֣ԼЩΪ飬ԼڵòᣬȴûиӰס
ţ·ԽԽԱߵľ·ԽԽľԽԽܣֱ˴粽еĵز
̲ס˵ˣûʲôˣдУ絽·ߡǳҪžһսҪܹĻҲʡǵô
Ҷɫ쳣˵죬ƽ֣֮ʵǿ˵ӵеĳ̾ΪֹĶֶԾҪһٶʮСġҵʵԭ֮һһ쳣ǿ൱ı
ͷЦˣôߵʵҴûмءȻҵʵ̫ߣҶʵⶫ쳣УҸоʵôҲֹǳǿսʿô򵥡
Ҷβһ£ҲȻˣϾ壬УܶԼڵܻ֮Իóжϡ
Ҫһ£ҶκȻǰ·һ׵ǵѵ·ȫˣҪǰߣֻһһɵĵ·ɽϡ
ҶοЦһ£˵ҲǶԵģôãվҪȥģȥҲô
˵꣬˴·ߵߵ·֮ϡҶμĿԶȴĵ·һֱǰ죬ͺ޾һ
Ҷʵ죬ǰôԭô
ҡҡͷ˵ˣҴûеԭʲôģһ治֪
Ҷεͷµ·ֻܿԼһǰ̽ˡ뵽ҶŲǰȥ
ţҶκȻо·Щˣǰн·ԽԽľȻʮɵĿխ
ȻһʵҶ˵ǰҶͣ½Ųһȴԭǰ·ϣһתĴ̺ب·ϡ
̰·ȫסҪߣǾͱҪ̵̡ͨ渡ֳ˳ϻƳɫĹâÿһֹâʵԵĶŴתֵת΢΢ҡҷš
첻ɵõɴ۾˵ˣĲ˵Ҹҿ϶ⶫԲ׶ԭĶǺƵĶˣҪȥԣܹܲȥȻʲôٹȥ
˵ţҪϴ̡
˭֪ҶκݺһѰһקקһͷ
Ļ˵һôΣյĶϴպϸʲôҶκٶԼһأҶĶŭˡ
ŵûһ£ҶС˵ˣû˼̽̽·
Ҷ˵̽·Ҳÿʲôϰǰ쳣գܹ̽ģ
ˣ̲סֶһ£֪ҶΪԼǣٿǸϢתĴ̣г˿־ɫ
һ̲ס˵ˣѾܹˣҪǴɹȥ
ҶЦҪܹɹȥⶫҲͲֵһˡ
˵ţҶθӼӲĵһ飬î˾ʯӴת̵Ϸͼ׵·ϡ
ʯӹת̵ʱ򣬺Ȼתϵ߲ʹâʢ˰գʯ鱻ЩâסȻطٶȣֹͣڴת֮ϣЩâʯΧγһ߲ʵУʮʱ䣬ʯʹ߲ʵʧˡ
챻ľĿɿڴ󣬴󡭡ˣаˣâɵʯͷҿûȥҪȻǸʯͷһʣ
Ҷοһ£ԼʶͷųȥҪͨʶ̽һ£Ϊʶпܻ̽鵽۾һ
ȻҶͷųȥʶûеת̵ʱҶξ͸оԼʶǽ뵽һޱȹ㲩Ŀռ䣬Щ΢ζ߲ʹâʱ·ǳɽСĴڣһ˶ɵĹһעԼʶ
Ҷδ󾪣ϽԼʶת̣һʱЩ޴ֵĸо
ڴʱ˺ıըתͷʱŵˣˣˣˣ·ȫˣ
Ҷβÿ֪淢ʲôּȻ֣ǿ϶ҪԼ˵ģǰдת̵··һը٣һֱԼǰûбĳ·ˣ
űըٽתתٶҲԼӿˣȻתٶҶεﲢ죬ɱȸղŵתٲ֪Ҫ˶١
ŴתתٵӣЩתĹԭֻһ࣬ʱǵʮɵĸ߶ȣ
Ҷεܹ˶֮һһƣʱҶ渡ֳһ糤ĵʥ׹â
ҶԼסκε˺ǣһɾͲˡ
һ£ҶνסԼܹ˵עϣķ䣬Ҷκϵ־ֻһ糤ˡ
ߣҶȻȻ˴ת̡
һ̤ϴת̣Ҷξ͸о߲ʵĹâѪӬһΧƹЩ߲ʵĹâҲҶʵĳΧŶ״Ĳת
µĴת̱ڶټ߲ʹâҲƣҶһʱ侹ȻЩͷתĸо
߲ʹâΧ߲ͣתȻû湥ҶΣҶηоԼͷųȥ֣΢ٶģ
ҶδһҪֿ֪ǽ޵һĴڰ깥ٻǼܹͳͳܹеĹ赲ס
ڣ־Ȼĥʯϵһһĥ
Ҷȥʱ򣬺ȻһЦҶΣӭ֡


1277 Ҷ
Ҷʵ̫ϤˣȻأҶӡΪ̵
£ʲô赲ҵģҶҪĵ·ϳ壬ɴתתٶ̫ˣǰڴת̵תЮ£Ҷβòʱ
ҶεʱԼǰķָ󷽵ġ
ڴת̶ĵ·ϣֳһӰҶεȻʶ޵š
£Ϊһ־ܹסô㣬ôһʱ仹ҪҵֻҪʱ䣬ҾܹóȥҶη߷˵
µϸ˵΢ЦǺǺǣҶΣҶʵµʶû뵽֮һʵܹڹмôõʱ䡣ķֺǽ޵еİɣǣⶼûá
˵ţ»ɦŪ˰ŪһԼͷЦ֣Ƿ̫лƣ߲ʹ϶Ϊһ͸Ĺ⣬ֻҪ߲ʹΧתбסʲôᱻɹҶΣ㻹ʲôأ
Ҷˣɵͷһл޵еģΪڹӣлˡּȻеԭƣǾ˵ԶһнЧ˺
ֻϧǣҶû֮ܣܹͻһзΨһеģԼʧ֮ǰȥ
ǣΪչ˵죬Ҷμܹ˵ȫˣҪʩչĹļܣǾҪٸṩ
ڶ֣ԲΪԼֵġµӰӣֵġӦԼȥ¾ͻֶԸԼԼҪǸ¶Կľ£Իᱻصֵġ
£ʲô֣Ӧòİɣû´Ӧһ˸İɣȻҶΰѻתˡ
˲ɵһ˵ߣǹȻܹ뵽һ㣬ô㻹ڹиˣ
Ȼϣ£Ϊһ˻ôģôҪĶʹãôԼ˵ˣˣմմϲ治֪ôôġ
ҶεĻ²ɵһͻǰֿǸΪĶԷôͰĺö͸Լأ
Ҷһµı飬֪˻ɡ
£Ҳ룬Ҫ׶ûҵĳ֣ƾԼ˭ܹ˷ˣƾһͨԸҵģˣ֪ΪԼжأ
ҶεĿЦѺ¸ࣺҶΣһôֻҪܹɵһܹס׶򣬻ܹһðٸĽ
ڣءȣ£ɵĿԣû´Ļֲ֪٣Ҳոո˵Щлǲǣȣ֪ôɵҺαضƽ㣬ƭ㲻ˣ
Ҷ⻰ѾǿµֵˣںǷ˵̶صĻɣôܲú»ðɣ
ҶΣΣҹֵ˸ңװãһľƶɵģһľܣ֪ܵ˲ֻ֮Ҫþˣ֪ôʲô
ɵӣɵӣҿԿ϶һѾƺһУԺ£׶ͳͳɹԶʧãã浱ˣ
ﲻϸԼҶڹƻԼΣǣг˺棬ƻ֮ʡ
ҶΣİϷɣҪƻҴϽ뿪ǲǣ㣬ǰΣ
˺ô˵ҶβֳµĻ͸¶˼һǺ³ԼƲģ˼һҪԼĻ
ո˵ɵǼڿŻĺúư
£һûиʲôʵˮ׼Ҷٴα任˻⡣
úһ˵ûʣҲû˵ҿǿսʿˮ׼Ҳûʲô˲ġ
ҶιЦҳҪ˰ҶԸˣһϸԸ˵ʵˮƽԱԼİ׼˰æҪ飬ȻһԸʮֲͳԿô£˰æ᲻ôأ
ȻһѾҶεĻˡǰԼҪ˰æԸһʮΣյˣ϶һҪСģǲΪ˰ֿǣҲҪΪĿĵĿʵԿǰ
һ˲û˵ЩǻʲôĿأ
Ҷθ˴𰸣£˵ɵ㻹ԸɵӴ˵ԼɵһƵúֻܾҪԸңôбˣҲᱻ׶ҲʧΪԼǸŮ˼ҾҪˣҪöֱӣΪԼðˣ
ⷬڿú¼ҪˡɺסʵҶΣһвһɺԣҪҰųǲǣ
£̧Լˣ֪ôرô֪ɣߣһ˵֮ǿսʿָɵ̺ľ޴ôͷŵѵһֹܹôЦ
Ҷôһ˵»еβˣǰҶô˵Ҳǿսʿʵ̺ľ޴һ˵ǼֱԵġ
ʱҶιƻֳˣ£⻹µģµǣпܻͷųЩ޷Ŵ󣬵ʱ㣬кµ׶ȫУӴҶж
¶ȻһûģҺ¶ڹֵĹûκΰ취ģ
ںݵľеʱȻһ΢һҶεѾڽǰ
ȵ·Ӧʱ򣬶ѾһͬһѪ
⻯Ѫ꣬Ѫ굱Уһֻ˶ŰͷХֱµؿ
´ʧɫϽ˫ƣҪֵסѪĹ
һ죬±ѪʮסΣҶǰӸոտ˹ֵַΧ
¿ȥɫ죬һ¹˲ٿͷɺ¾ǻսġ


1278 
Ҷһµ͵ϮУǰ϶ˡ͵Ϯһ˲䣬ҶλҪԼ֣ҪԼٶȻ޷ٳ嵽µǰ
˲ĵݼҶܹʹѪϵʣ޼ˡ
΢΢һ£Ҷ⸱ɵùЦҶΣһȻû˵ʵ˵˼թ쳣ǻûѡߣֻǧ㣬ûϵһɣ
˵ţ´а׵һҶεǰʱֳһǽǽƶҶ漷ѹ
ʱҶθеһεѹԼӲ漷ʱҶ˹֣컹档
ҶλҪעʹܹγ֣ȻֵĹţֲ˶೤ʱͻữΪ
Ҷεϸо˲ҧ˵ˣſҰɣѾûκεˣŰѺʰˣǸұˡ
˵ţԼ֣ҪҶεָƿ
ұ죡ҶȵǴͬѵʱ򣬲Ҫҵ
ж᳤˵ˣһҫǣеʱ򣬾ͱҪҰɣûҵۣܹȥġ
죡ҶμˣǾԲᶪֵܵģ죬׼ãҪջطֵҪҧסϾܹȥˣ
˵ţҶȻӴָקͨԵڳͬʱҶκݺһ죬ӹӲק˳
Ϊֵĳ챻һȦ壬ʱеһֱʹҶβԼ켸ҧ飬Ҳûзĺ
ⲿҶȫעͨԵ֮С
ն
ʱҶѾǽƵֲ벽ľˣҶεһȣͨԵͨŰ׵ĹâһŰ׵ĹâһЮݺײ˺²µĹǽ
䣡
һ޴Ķײ쳹ؼ䣬ǽײû⣬˷ɢȥᣬҶǰ˼˹ֵĿƷΧ
һʱ俴ɵˣôҲû뵽ҶκȻˣ
һ񣬺·λǺܺãɵÿЦҶΣܹôѾûˣǾҰİҲ˰ɣ
˵ţ˫ּᷨӡȻ˫ƽƳһĿĺ⻯һͷҶκݺ
Ҷջίٵ飬֣ǰһȭͷӭǸ˶ͷݺһȭӭȥ
䣡
Ĺι޴ͷ÷飬ҶǱʮԶۿһͷҪ֡
һԾסҶΣûҶγ֡
ҶƿĨһѪ¶һ˿Цź˵˭ֵܼ󣡡
µЩܲסˣҶεĺη׺ݣЩҡˣ۹ܣδؾͱҶβƴ˺ݾ¾Ҫࡣ
ȻѾûйѡˣҶĿź¶ͷһȭ
ûκεǴ幥ޱѸ͵һȭЮĿ磬ȭͷûдϣǹɾѾú¼۾
ӣԱһȻҶεĹһܹġ¸ҶӲҶܵҵĶԿһо޷ʹôһҶûֿܵĹֶҲϽˮһ
Ҷһȭ߿գֵͨԵƺһĨµնȥΪôһܣ֪ԼȻʧϽˡ
һ˱ܣҶζʱûаѹյͷǰһ壬Ѽ£źºݺײ˹ȥ
²׸Ҷƴ壬ֻܽˡ
ȻݵʱҶѾָһ
Ҷ֪ںĿֲ֣ǲܸԷһĻģֻҪпܣҪһ˶ִϢĻᣬǾǰԼıԵ
¹ȥעҶ׺ݵĽɱˣû뵽ҶλҵĽɱлܹʹóС
ʱһɵĹĻס˺£¾֣뵽Ҫ⣬ɱ֮к·أ
ڵͲܿƵԶԶϲ䵽ҶεϣҶηòÿںµʶһʶӡ
˹УԼɣʶӣҶǰһѾס˺£Ѻֵķݺһ˦
¾ط˲ҽں½һɲǣ߲ʹâס˺¡ʶµǿӣҲʱȻѣźڹء
ڹУһֲڲ͡ҶδʱҲ˲һӵϳ죬һԶ֡
ûܳԶһıը𣬺µԱŹһ˾ҵıըըĳҶκ߸߾𣬷ɵ˰ռʮɵĸ߶Ȳû˾ͷ
Ҷκˤ䵽ϣһˤÿ湻ݵģ˾Լ·뵽ɾΧƣСڶ
֪˶ãҶβŻָý˵ι죬ûˤɣ
쳤һӴˣûղžһű㶨ˣ
ҶȻô׾ܸ㶨ģҲֻǺµһţҲЩдˣΪƾŹֺһܹ㶨ң£ˡ
ȻЦˣҾþǺҲδؾܹǡǺµĻҲɳǶܹչأıضСݴͣõ¶
Ҷλһ֫ǿվ˵죬Ҳ֪ˣ򵥰ˣֻҪûûУܱڵҪõöࡣ
ҶεĻվΧĻɵþϲˣΧɽòˣҲֻһ·ˡ
Ҷȴüͷ̫ˣеʱܹüΣΣյģΣҪġ
쿴Χ촽˶ȴû˵
ҶЦǲʲôҪ˵İô£ǰʲô˵ô
ԴЦˣղųƴȣҪȻҲûһˡʵ˵ΧûʲôʲôΣңҾû˵


1279 ԰
ҶˣɵùЦ죬ǸղŹҲ֮ˡʲô뷨Ҫ˵ʲôԺޱ˵ģǲġ
һʱ˷ܲѣҶ˵ˣղȣѾҸмˣô˵øϱĸ֡ˣǰ·ںţֿ·С£ͽҰˡ
˵꣬˸߲ǰҶο·
һ·ǰУһС£ԶΡĹӰڶ˵ǰ
ָŹ˷ܵˣ쿴ӦǺµˡ·̣϶ʮ·ܹˡ
ҶοԶжϻǱȽ׼ȷġڶ˺͹֮䣬ҲûʲôرĵطǰߣӦþֱܹµˡ
ǣۼžôԶľ룬ҶκһʱңԶԶĹǻƶһʼոҶ˱ž롣
Ҷͣ˵е㲻Ծ·ûнӽ٣㲻ô
쿴Զ˵ˣΧҲûʲôĵط׻˵ɽǵĹ⣬ǹʵԶء
ͣҲܹǰֻҶεֵֹģ˵ıŤо
Ҷΰעе˽£ţҶθоµӲЩ쳣ҶͣǰŬǰ·ƾ˫ôǰԼľһû
죬תͷҶεͳ˵
ˣʶתͷһʵˣҿʲôأ
ҶεЦھ쵽ˣΪҶξͣԭأԼǰţȴʼûиҶ֮롣
ʶԼĽ£ȴûκεķ֡Ҫ˵ʲôȴҶָߣһĶ
ҶʾǰߣԼҲںߣȴѹġ
Ȼ䣬ҶδӴָקͨԵݺһ壡Զ໵һţĵҶ
죬СģҶδк
챻ĵŪ¸ۿΧһʱ䲻֪ҶҪԼСʲô
ҶΰͨԵһᣬͼһڴֵ˳Ҳ֪ж೤֮Ҷôһǰһֱʮɳĵ¶
ҪУȴýһͷʱѾӵ¶һ˫βס
ס˫ŵһקͰˤ˸࣬ŵ۴УһֱۣץסʲôȴȻӵַɳֱ۽ס
ˣʱĻˣҶεֵ£ҲûôǱ֫ס̸овûȴ´
ڴʱҶҲ鷳ȥӪ죬ȴӿֳЩеֱҶεĽ£еıҶε䣬еֱҶεͷͷϵĿռӡ
Ҷ˫趯ͨԵ˷һټʱҶߵһءһҶúԼʮҵľ롣
죬ͦţҪżҶαһûֱȥ죬򷢳˻ĵط۶ȥ
;ϣҶαӿҶͨԵһɨҶαĵطһص
ϣȻܹʹֶˡͿҵֶ£ܲصԪؼ֮ܣ죡
ҶεŭҶָ֮ʱԲɵλȼ档
һƶֲϵŭ޴࣬ȡһʮ˺ϱľ޴Ҷεǰ
ˢˢˢ
ƿ𣬴ùϣǧҶ׷һҶδ
Ҷ趯ͨԵ糵һ㻤סԼҶͨԵĽɱ£мһƮϡ
Ȼ䣬ڹ֮ϣֳ˲ϵ٣ҶŭĿӣ޴࣬ΪʲôҪ̤ҵأҶҲѵͲ±ô
ҶûͷԣϽ˵ιɣǿɵðѻ˵Ǹ·ôǰôܹһأ
Եúܼ֦Ҷ˵˵޴ǨһвǲҪκǸйɽ壬ͻʣǲŻõ滬ʹ޷ȥȴûңǺε
ǨƹˣǺ¾һˣĿľ赲Ӳµ
Ҷ벻׵ľǣùûжսôڹֵĺ棿
޴࣬뼤ǵŭ𰡡һ壬ȻŷƽҲ꣡ڣ㿴һɣ
˵꣬һĺƳԶɽоþûص
Ҷζپ⵹˵ΣյٽҶθоԼǵһС
ιιιɣл˵𶯴ֺòãȰѻ˵ˣȻ󡭡
ûҶ˵꣬ŭĿӵʲô˵ģһѾЭ飬˴˻಻ţȻʳԣǾǿ԰Ĵڰɣ
ҶҪ˵ȴԼѾû˵ıҪˡΪڵϣһЩ֪Ļݲ˵棬ȻЩûĿ٣ǣҶοԴиоĵ⣡
ã
Ǳ߻ûнأ
Ҷ뵽ͨԵ·̶̵һ·ȻҶη˽ʱ䡣
ߣҶλеͨԵѲϵһһնϣȰʱҶη֣ΧɭɭĲĻ˸ʵʵ
ȻҶθоΧֳһɵϸķ״ĶҶۼ⣬ĳֲıëϽ˵죬Ͻ¶Ĳȫϣ
żæ˺Լ·ʱȻоһĸо鲼ȫ
ˣˣˣһ߽ţһ˫ʹԼ塣
ͬʱҶҲоһ͵ĸо鲼ȫҶ֪Щϸë״ķǵĻЩմϣܹ˸оȾ綾Ҫо
ʱûЧֶ⣬пΪԼƤȫץ⣬ܰԼⶼܸȫץ
죬ץˣҶμץ״̬Ͻס֣ϵԼһ֡
ĳ£Щ״ë˸о˺ܶࡣ


1280 թƭ
Ըо챻ղŵŵòᡣҶŵ֣ɪɪ˵۾ҲǾ֮ɫ
ûִƤһֱ治֪ʱְԼж˿ʹָо
󣬴ˣʲôô˸ŪղŵָоǱҪ°˵䣬Щ߶¡
ҶοΧʵ죬Ҹղһù˵һ壬ң԰ô°
һһ԰һҪϡ
ˣûƭҰɣһ壬԰ôôùֲļһֿ־壬дϣжϡ
ҶθϽο죬ҲҪ£Ұϸ˵һ£ӣ֪һģ˵˵ô
ҶεİοźһЩ
һǺӡģΪһ׶Ⱥ
һһǳȺǵǰʵϲֲ̬һȺྫԻȺ
׶ʷϣʵ׶˵Ĵڣ԰׶ĵطռˡ
Ȼ׶ȺǿҲǣͱһսʱ컹սʿĳ׶ΣҲŲս
սˣûʲôͰȺ仨ˮֲǣ徫֮ͨȺսߵƵֲϵһγֲ֣ܹٿЩֲԿǿܶĵˡ
ΪֲֶΣ׶Ⱥ弸η֮绢
׶һֱֻǸǼתվż࣬Щ;ȺҲûж׶ʲôƻҲûи巢ֱӵĳͻ
ɵ˺׶ԽԽˣ׶ԽԽ뵽ĵ̡
ĸݵ鷢ǣǾͰɵͬЩֲﵱУ䵱ǵū
ɵĴˣ࣬Ǿֹһٵƽôֶηסͳ˽
徫֮֮ͨ󣬾ͰԼ뵽ֲﵱУһ̬
ֲ̬壬ײвбǰǶԴԼ̵һءɱֲ󣬾ͶܹӴʹɱ֣ǲŹκδڣŻΪ׶Ľ塣
ڵĵطҲΪ԰׶ϣҲǽ֮ء
԰ԶҲ֪Ϊʲô԰
ҶˣҲ֣͵սҪǵǲܣҪǰǨƵǿϼˣղǿŹ˵ʲôЭ飬ѵǸʲôЭйô
뵽Ҷǣ֣һ·ͨԵ·ռеķǿùȥ
ص谭ҶμѳŹķǰС
Ȼһ󵭵ĹӰɢµӰ˹Ӱ棺ǺǺǣҶΣôѾĶȥ
ҶλͨԵΧķӲľָźºȵ£ԭ㵷Ĺмǰ԰ڣҪ֪ɱһʵͻӦٰ
ǺǺǣҵȻ֪ˣԣҲֻһӰӰˣҵһʶ˵仰ѡ
Ҷκһ˵ʲôûҿûʱ档
˵ţҶξҪǰߡЦҶΣѵ㲻֪԰ΪʲôᵽôǻӦ֪ףҪǨǿƱȵ찡
Ҷһüͷò˵µⷬҶסˡ
ѵôģҶδųЦʵ
ǺǺǣҶΣˣ֪ʲôջǵô˵ʲôܱ»ԼԭǷأҾ˵ֻҪǳͿػԭ塣
ҶһʱЩֲΪʲôĸԸǨҶЩ벻ףʵ£жϣǵѵͲ쵽쳣ô
Ц˵ôҾ͸ǣǼģǧ˽뵽ڵĺ򣬷ͻʧЧǬ˺ܴһⲿŪ壬Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ҷγˣ°ƭ֮󣬾ĽںƭΪԼ屻ǬסɱΣȻΪڡ
Ҷν뵽ڵλãֻҪ°һȻͻΪˣӶԹȫԼϡ
ǰʱЩ嶨Լƭ˵˫ɣ뵽԰ؽ磬ԹҲ峤ļһŻҶô˵ҶƻԼŵǡ
ǺǺǣҶΣ֪ΪʲôЩôºȻЦ
ҶζȻ¹ԲǺĻеһУԼĿĵġ
ȻҶεָź˵ǻ֮ƣ
ҶΣȻޱȣ׵ЩˣҸ˵˰컰֪һЩأһ棬ҵһӰѾͨˣ˵ʵǹģѾҵϾҪھˣ
мˣ
ҶһִһȴϹ۵ĸоţȻļƻԼ
ҶηȻһͨԵֻںµӰջû˺°֡
ǺǺǣҶΣֻ˵һӰҵӰܹ޵ĻǾ;ܷйɣ
ҶûȥµӰˣ԰ܰԼˣΪ֮ƣô
ţԶһһ𣺡嶼ţո԰ˣҪƻļһΣһҪһ
䣬OO@@ڶҶκΧι״ֲһð˳
Щֲеĳž޴Ļ䣬ҶκҡҷѣǵҡҷһۺɫĻҶκɢҶοǾֲͨĶ֪ԻһĻֻۣҪմϣϾͻԹȥ
ߣȻǸ͵ˣЩֶΡΪڹһǾûа취ôǿùŵĻҶεǰ˵


1281 һ
ҶοٿΧֲԱδЩ꣬ʹеĻܣ뵽ЩһҲܺƭûʹɱ֡
ţΧOO@@һһĶ˶Ҷκ˵Χ
ЩҶ˵ϣûǿ֣СӴϡ
ҶζʱоӿһĪϵ羨ţһߡ
Ҷʼδġ廹аţȻֲֶԸҶδδ鷳֡
оϽˮһӿҶ޳ɣϵʩչеĻܡ
ô죬Ҳֲ壬µľǻ档ҶλʩչΧֲ׷˺󣬾ǸҲòջܿ˻档
ҶαƿĳԱٸкһȵιһԣոǸƭǵģǸһƴӶﵽĿġ
ɵҶεĻܣ׿ȴǺ˵Ҫھôᴳ뵽ǵأһûأ
⻰Ҷĺ޲ܰϼһϹݺݲţĳԱֶΰɣȻֶΣ˼ҾͲܻˣ
Ҷǿѹŭ˵ҲִǿһӰǻԼ뷨Ǿ˵ˡֻ
ҶεһŭΧĿռ䷢ŤһΧľ˸ղźӰҶεĻ档
Ҷ֮ĶԻһ顣⵱УͨԼĽѺƭǨе޻Ҷεȫչֳ
һȫˣҶ˴ֻԹ˵֪һе˰ɣֻǱõһӶѣҲ˺ǣȴҪƭǵԸң
ʱôܣôܣѵʥƭǵô
ҶҲ̫̼˵ѾˣǻɡҪµˣÿɡ
߶߶ûĳԱǲҶ·ġ
ҶζʱջѾ御ˣҪǻִԲ򣬵Ҳ
Ŵѹ˵ҶΣ¸ղŽеְɣȻҺˣҲǣȻܶȴǿ԰Լĸ쵽µġֻҪܹǰæһ޷˴Ӧġ
Ҷû뵽ķת˭Լϵģƭˣ̤˵ϣҪܵķġ
һ£ҶθһԼһЩ뷨˫̶һºķҶξĵطһѴúµķȥ԰յһ
һɽߣԼڵ֮¸ҶκҶ˼ûôͱ͵˺µǰ
ɵĺµָûʵĹƣǳӴżҰԵֽ
⵹˵²ŽݻĹΪǰڵò޽ôһªĹ
һط޽ʥǲǺҪľס
ҶµȴȻ˴߾ʲô˾ȻҴµ
ҶβЦ˳ԭ˰
ŶɰԺˣŶ廹ɣҶε֪ɵһУЦе٩
ܺҲ΢΢Щ죺ǾȻô󵨣µѵͲ𣿺ߣѾõʥõ״춨ȻҪǵ
Цҿõʥõ״ϻ˵ĲٰҪѧûᣬøʦ˯ɣʦĴ϶ѧʲôָơ
Ҷһ⻰ЩˣϷҲֱ˼˰̰ɡ
뵽Ҷͱһ죬֪ǲԼ˵ˣͣ죬һЦЦ鿴ɡ
ҶǰһЦɣϴβСܵˣ֪ôȻǰᣬǲ֪
ɴŭ˫һ飬ʱɵ˫ֳֽһɫĹӰҶΣ֮ޣҿʱ̼ϣ죬ҪΪΪۣ
˵ţ˫ȻһƣһɫľʯιҶ˹
Ҷ΢΢һЦȭͷɵι
һʯҶεȭҵ÷飬һתܡ
תǰһ˲䣬ɸҶʹһɫҶᣬ׷˹ȥ
ڶ˲Ͻӽʱѹ˵ˣȥס˺µ֮ܵģţֱתǬ󷨵㣬Ҳʥ֮ϡ
˵ɶȻӿٶȣһѾ뵽˺µС
Ҷν󣬽˺µȻתȥҶԳһ£ұߵķתȥ
µĹģܴҶγұ߱ãԶԶһ޴ĵǰҶη˽ŲͷųԼʶǰ̽顣
˵ѾԼһˣҶλǱСĽ硣Сĳŵ괬Զһ˲Ƶ
ǬôţҲֻһ󷨣Ҷ󷨴ʦǰȻܹеɫʣҶθݲһĥܹеĹؼ
ûѣµĵȷʵǬϵĻؼڡ
Ҷ޳ɣקͨԵһնն˺µĵնĿ񱩹£µȻ֮󷨻ʯҲ˲ʧȥá
̶̵˲䣬ҶθоԼʵָɣ
ڵϵĵȻͬʱ˫ͨҶεǰ
ҶΣô֪µĲõģ¿ɲһǵˣҶܹ˺µ;׼ҵǬĵ㣬ԲײײϵģӦָġ
ҶЦָģشô
¶ʱɫɷףŵɫ˵ܣܣһƭҵĶԲԣԣһƭңѾ鿴ļˣûбҵؼ䣡
Ҷ˵£֪һûи㣬ҾͨһֽĹ֪鿴ɵļ䣬ҾӦ޸ģҪȻܹҵô
ңָҶ˵ҶΣҵȫˣˮҲҸû꣡
Ҷκһ˵£ûôأҪ֪ڵʵѾָɣѾȫƿ֮ˣ㻹ʲôֶأ


1282 һͳ׶
ûȺ˵һĹıըﱾǸҶµ壬ڣӦǱݻˡ
ܹһеģֻˡʱһҡ˼£Ҫڵء
£вԱУ׶һУѾŭԹˣµעҪʧģ
˵ţҶһ̧ţݺڵ϶һš
ǵľ첻ϣǿĴʯĲһʯƷţЩӣѺµǽڰסȻ
ãǽ£ȻµĶ㣬ҲΪǽڵĵȻ£
Ҷκͺ·׷ӿ𣬷ɵ˰յС
˵ҶΣû뵽㾹ȻܹҲԡ
Ҷε˵ƭʮַŭûƭʲô뷨أ
ʲôô֪ƭǵģ㾿иʲôµЩ˻ˡ
˵ֻôҸǿ֮ĶԻӰ񣬾ô򵥡
һϾ㤵ʲôֻܵģôܻĳΣһΣ
Ҷε˵£Ѿûκεĵˣ㻹ǵҶķʹʲôĹô
žע⵽ԼѾһ㵭籡һĶסˡ
ҶΣ㲻ҪǧҪ㣬ŹҺôһһģһжġô᲻֪Ͻĵ
£ܿϧµʵ̫ˣŹ㣬Ƕ㻹ʵʵɣ˵ţҶοʼ߶Ժ½аᡣ
˲䣬µʵͬХһҶεڹ
еҶΣ֮µǬ󣬿ҵʶģˣ޷ġ
ҶЦܹ֮еĶȫһ㾡ܷġ£˽һ㻹ôû룬ܹô׵ô
ɲǼ׻૵ҾʲôΪʲôĽ֣ҲҲʰ
ʧܵĵطֻ֣ϣΪһ֮˽ͺƭֶ伫һζı֮±ȻǷһζƭ֮±ȻǱƭϣȻܵΪά϶еǿҵı
䣬£ĺµȻںµĵλϣһĶڸֳӦþͨǬռλˡ
ѾҶεĴʵȫˣۼԼ˷ˣе˼ᣬԹ޿һҶΣһͷĶڵС
Ҷνź·ȥ˼ʮɣͼһΡޱȵĴƯڹҽ档
Ӧþ׶ˣǬѡַܹס׶һҶڰĺ¼Уҵؼ䣬ĨǬӡǣͨԵ󷨵ĹؼʯϺݺһ
ʱǬȫȻݣһʯ䵽ҽУȫҽһ֡
ɲǼ䣬ŨĶϣγһҫķؾۡ
Ҷ˲оԼʵȫָҲͣϷɵ˺µķ֮ϡ
һʱ䣬Ҳ֪ͨˣеȫ˺µ棬ΰҶΡ
Ϊ׶ĶڣҶθ׶˹淶Ӽ׶࣬ȫҪ˵ĹϽΧڡ
һ飬ɺ죬ۣȽ˹ͬ
ǰ£ҶθͬأֻҪǲӹģڹ涨ʱ뿪׶Ҷβκεĸ档
еޣҪĹûѡˣΪҲ뿪׶
壬ѡһԼ԰ޣôš
һ׶޲ݷ
׵֮Ҷ׶ͣһʱ䣬ʱҶΰԼĴָ·ḻ˴ҩģһЩҩҲ˲ٵϺƷ
۵ĶϱۣҲҶθָۿ׶һ죬ҶﲼػĴ󣬽ˣ󣬼һϮҲֿܹˡ
һа׵Ҷθ׶Ŀ꣬ǡ
һЩǵϢһĵ⣬ѾҪ¶ĵزˡҶ֪ڵʱȣѾݲаĵˡ
Ҷһ·۷УԽããǼʣļУмʮܹˡ
һգҶηеһǵĸҶĺȻһֻʮͣ̽һǵĽҲǲġ
뵽ҶԵ˷ֱǷȥ
ҶٽǣڰиǣѰһʵĽص㣬ȻһĳǳУһӴŸʽװĻشšҶ֪ڽǻΪٵ˾סġ
Ⱥ̶Ӳ̶ӣ²ǰ£϶бݵɫҶβо֣ܱߵļʮλϽ䣬ʩչһͨģȥ
ٽŵʱһʿסҶΣվסˣҪʲô
ҶװɵӣԴ˵ȻǽǰҾڳסƾʲôҽ
ʿЦֵǣ⻹иɵӲ֪﷢ʲô
һʿһҶ˵֣㲻֪еĳļסôѾѡһõĵطסǴȻӵĺõط

ΧʿĺȻЦҶλۣ˵Ⱥ߳һߣҶε˵СӣôͲܣ£ߡ
˵ţ߾ͰҶˡ
뿪źԶ߲˵ôôʶȤеĳжˣֻҪзɱǲ֪
Ҷ֪һ⣬㹪ʩɣҶ˵һˣҪڷԣ˭֪ȴ顣лɸղųȣȻҶ֪ܷʲô顣
߿ҶΣ̾˵ҶҲǸ֪֮ˣô͹˵أ
˵ҲЩȻȣڻʲôʸѵ㰡ǵˣ˭߰


1283 
Ҷ˵ȻϽߣѯ⵽ôһ¡
κϪ˵Ǹеһ󻧣Ϊ̵ԭ򣬾ǰǨס
˶ʮķչκϪ𽥷ңΪһ塣ԲˣҲΪκϪƷͶö֮γһǣܹ硣
һֱκϪ쵼ЩˣǵϵʹһǰֺгնȻı䡣
˷ų˵˵˵Դ˵˵ķ룬е˶һȺǳȺӦô͹ȥ
һʱ䣬һЩĲѺΪͳˡտʼʱ򣬾һЩصåƦۼģͷչٵٲ󣬾Ȼչ֯йģĴա
Ͳסӳ˭֪ĹٷͺŪˣɽ˵һ񻯡
еûסһˣͷ˴ģ¼
صװȫԱԼס˵е˱Ҫû̵ĵطܹס
һˣͱҪ⼸ĳƹжӡ
ƹǵش˵еһȣ޳û˵Ļʮն˵̳ԲűΪƹȡ
ңΪƹȺ㣬侪ˣЩϵϾǷ˼
Ҷɵʮַŭκɣ˺ɶ񣬿ôԮأҪ֪ǿ˵ĴӪͬͬĵ壬ҲȰ
κϪҡͷЦҶ˵ȫ뵽ˣǣһԮźŷȥȫʯ˰󣬴ҶɣǲϲעҪԣҲˡ
ҶβɵǸп֣Ȼ﷢źţǼΪԭ޷ԮҲӦøظŰ
ҵӣҶҲ;Ʋ£Ծ͸һ𵽳ƹȿȰЩ˰ٺ˵ɡ
·̣ҶκκϪһڸϵ˳ƹΧûƹȿ£һĳӣֳӶ̸·ģҶβû⣬ЩƹӼ·
Ҷξһʱ˵ҶΣڴʦʲôʱܵطڳﶼˡһӳƮ˳
С͵ˣǳƹȣΣյúܣǧܳȻҿɳеΡǸڴʦ˵
Ŷԭ˳ƹˣǾټͳǲԶˡڴʦųƹǸĺõطǲȥǸŮ˵
Ӵˣһޱȵ̺ȻâŮӳ£ҶΣʵǵƹ𣿡
ҶθҪӻڴʦ˵С벻Ҫ˵
Ů⻰΢΢һüͷʲô˳
Ҷολڴʦ˲ûкøУ΢΢һκϪһ˳ƹȵĹȿڡ
뿪˳ӣҶκЩ˼ǰǵ˳ƹȵĹȿڣɳƹʮִ˺ԶһƬ̹;ûʲô쳣֣ǴеĳƲҵûг֡
ģɫҶκЩҸտĵطפáԹҶ»ûȱ۾Զһ˽ӽ
ҶαܵҪȥȴ˵󻹸˲ˣҶα䣬ϸЩ˵Ҫʲô
һЩ𽥽ӽĵطǣȴûпǲפĵطƹˡ
ҶЩ벻ףЩ˵ʲôȻҹƹܡһ£ҶôҲ벻ͨԭԾͲȥˣҪ۾ϢҶκȻԶһ
ʱҶϸ˵Ĳҽк޵һ𣬿ܵ޵ķ
뵽Ҷκԥֱ˳ɱȥ
ʮʱ䣬ҶξͿԶӰӰ´¼䣬ӰӰӽ֯һ
ҶûóȻȥһŴҶνں۲
ҶʶģһڴʦһǱڴʦΪǸ˵ӣӦǸӵĳԱΧڴʦŮΧ
Щ˵ΧһȺ۾âڻƶҶϵãȺӵβ̾ޣǳŶսȺɱʳ
ڴʦȺ˺β̾޸ˡڴʦºܶ˶ˣмѾȥ̼ͱβ̾ʳˡ
Ҷοǰľɵüͷһ壬ΪЩֿʼˡһβ̾޺ηĳΧ£ȺѱԵȺΧָֻҪ˱Ⱥ䵥ͻᱻһȺβ̾˺Ƭ
ڳ˶β̾˵ӣʱڴʦһ˶һֻקͬһֵֻֻޣֻҪұţͲٱβ̾޷ֶʳ֮ˡ
仰óϵƴΪĹۣԭҵȺڴʦָӣγһɱ׷ָȦβ̾һʱ޷εķߡ
Ȼżһ͵ϮУ˱β̾ϮΧȴܹԮ͵ϮҲһСˣû̫ʧ
β̾޿޷ͻȺȫȺԶľ룬ǻʱʱŤͷȺȴûβ̾ѵؾһΪҶҲ
໡
һ˻Զ
Ҷˣɵͷһݣβ̾Ⱥޣ϶һͳ˧Ⱥ˻ӦþЩβ̾޵ġ
ڴʦʱɫʮأãβ̾
δ䣬һֻͨںڣͱͨβ̾޴ĴһӰ˳
һһβ̾Ⱥ뷢˳ӭԼߵ
ڴʦȺ˳۾һâβ̾š
Ҷҡҡͷ˫ʵԱڴʦԲβ̾Ķ֡
β̾ŭһȳڴʦڴʦʾһȭβ̾Դ˹ȥ
һ죬β̾ȵվڵϣڴʦȴʮһѪ˳
һٴγڴʦڴʦҧӭβ̾ϣȴȻһתԼɨһβҡݺݳڴʦ
ڴʦβ̾һɣڿз˼ɸȻصˤڵϡ


1284 
һȺУڴʦʵǿڴʦˣ˭ֿȺβ̾أ
ڴʦβ̾ҧҧͳһöҩɭɭЦϣǲǾѾȲʤȯˣãǶһɡ
˵ţڴʦҪѵҩ£׼ƴһʱǸŮڴʦڴʦ԰㲻ڴʦҲҪ
ڴʦ֣ƿŮ˵ģ޺ţҪβ̾Ժ򲻿ԣ͵ܳΪҪһҪиʧҿɾǰĪˡ
˵ڴʦʾ˽Ůˡ
ڴʦŮصȫĵطʱһڷǿŵҩҶ֪һŴ߷Ǳܵĵҩ
ֻҪڴʦ£ܹڶʱǱǣǿŵҩĸ÷ǳ֮󣬹ֱҪڴʦ
ڴʦѵҩѾ͵ߵʱһӰڴʦߡ
Ҷԭû֣Ϊĵ˵ı״飬ҶܾܲͲܡ
ڴʦĻľٶȾҶΣҶҲϰ߼ȣǳˡ
ڴʦ;һţĵҩȻĩﻬȥ
㣬㡭ǡڴʦҶЩ졣
ٺ٣ı΢ˡҶһڴʦ֣תβ̾
֪ҵĻĲ¸ϽߣҪȻ϶ǻڵġҶεβ̾˵
β̾˵ͳĺҶϸоһΣգǣôĴҶβ̾е̰֮ɫ𣬶Ȼ䳤Хһ
ʱΧΧβ̾Ⱥ׷ƶ׼ˡ
ҶҡͷȣΪΪʳĲ״

β̾ɲһףһѾ߸Ծ𣬴϶±Ҷ˹
Ҷ͵ǰһ̽һʮͻȻڵʯһ˲䣬Ҷγβ̾ҶΪݺβ̾ĺΡ
β̾;ޱȣʱоΣգβ̾ڰҪܿҶεĹ
ǵһҶεƵѾβ̾ǰϣѵͷƤһ顣
һ֮䣬Ҷξͷβ̾һֻǰۣʹβ̾ս½١
ʱβ̾ǰȲͣĲմضմءԱߴȺβ̾޿Ҳ궯׷ҽУֻûβ̾ǰ
ҶξЩβ̾Ϊβ̾˶һӵϣʱһԻβ̾йԼû֮ǣڴʦЩ˾Ͳ֪ôˡ
ʱһһţβ̾ǶҶΣҲʲô
ͻȻβ̾һ˶һΪβ̾ȺҪչˣ׼ɱȻҶεû뵽һĻˣβ̾ȺȻ½ĳˡ
ֻʣβ̾սԭûҶβô£ʱβֱ̾ҶΡ
һٶҶζβ̾ĪĺøУΪһµߣҶԼĿ̹ǳޣҪԼ۲ڡ
ߣĶʿ
Ҷηһȭӭβ̾Ȼ˵ϣβ̾һҶΣֱӳ˵ڵϵڴʦ
Ҷηβ̾ĿľȻڴʦʱ΢΢ԾԭΪҪƴ˭֪β̾ȻԼĴ㡣Ҷθβ̾һ׷β̾
Ҷӡһƣҷһ·ְɣ
ȻҶû뵽ٴηˣβ̾Ȼ͵һҶεĹҶһգβ̾ȻҶλյ˲䣬˵Ҷεı
β̾ǰצҪץҶαʱҶοҲ־һơ
žһβ̾˼ȥһµȴǰûˡ
ûоȫӦ֪߰ɣٿ㣡ҶεޱȵĶ˵
ء
β̾һ˻ʱΧһȺβ̾˳
ߵҶεǰñҶεζȻβˡβ̾ޣһѧӣͬĶҶεǰһһ߹
еβ̾ȫ߹һ𣬸OO@@Щŷɥ޾Ȼ߸ɸɾ
Ůߵڴʦߣڴʦʵڴʦô°
ڴʦҶεѾľη񲻸ķ˵Щβ̾ʾոûдڸмеβ̾޶¾
ŮҶεһЩǡ
ҶαŮЩ˼Ů֣ȥ
ŮȻιλ磬ȣҸмǰټͳǳŮǺñһ´硣
Ҷһ˵ĪǾǰ˸ϵƹȵİټͳǳôû뵽ȴǾ˳ҵŮ
һɵҶεǰ˵˵ʲôϵƹȣҸ׸ɵģһǸˣҸǾԲɳġ
ҶοһЦвʳӣŮǰ˶һø׵ġǶڱˣп޶Ķˡ
˵ʱǺҸ׾ˣǺãңеˣǺƵġڴʦ˵ĶԲԣ
ȻеǣڴʦȻΣ֧Ǳ˵ЩˣЩ飬ǡô˵ġ
ʱĿɿڴָҶ˵ڴʦѵѵ˵ĶģҸһ޶ô
ڴʦʱɫɷ˵ɲô˵˼ң˼ҿ˵Ŀ԰
˵ڴʦҶ˵Сֵܣô˵ҲˣҴҼҳʾֿл⡣ԴļҾҽټͳǣҼҳȻԶ˵ĴԴһҵġ
ҶαɫߣҪҳĺģԻͬ˹ͬ˵ģУǳ²ҪĻҲкùӳԡ
Ҫ磬ȴڴʦһѰסҶɫ˵Сֵܣ˶ôʵнĻ·ǳһġҪȻˣͱ˸ɱɾˡ
ҶüëһڴʦȴΧϣһƿ۶Ȼĸٽ
ʲôˣҹҶδȵ


1285 ԭǶ
װ磬ҶʵϤˣɫ·ֻǶ±˿߲ſ֤Լݡ
ǵĹϣҶʶôһȺˣǴĻҪ߸һ壬ҿҶεõУȻĲ˵
еһУҲЩ˵Ĺǵı󣬾Ǹޱǿһ壡
ҶһЩ˴˿ߵװΣߵװΡ˵Щ˵βǺܸߣһɳУ͵ȵһˡ
֣һȺ˵ѾǲĴˡ
ûҶӦͼڴʦһţƿߵЩ˵ǰȭ˵λѾոλԼִˣһٴеӣ֪Ϊ°
һ߻һ˵ԭǳߵĺڴʦӦ֪ǴʲôЭɣȫôŪǣûôף
һ߻˽˵ǳȫǾƲԳԷư㣬ΪʲôųļҾܵȥʡװ
ڴʦһʱЩǿӲλʲôֲܰɣϾǰټͳһ֮ʲôѵҪ㱨ô
ߣҪǱƨ£үùءӦҪѰټͳǵͳͳǴôͰ˸ϵƹˣУڹϣмҾ뿪ټͳǣҪûè壬ǲǼ˹ء
ҶһЩ顣ټͳǵĳһȽеˡ
Ӧһҵټͳǳ֣Ʋȥūܴ
ʼʱż˵ʱ򣬰ټͳǵĳϣû취һ˿ġ
Ҫ˼֣ķ֣ͳһ²ߣϵƹȣȻʹվܱ䵽һҪõöˡ
϶һ˲λҪѼҾתƣ˭֪Ǳһ˸ˡ
ﻹиˣڴʦԭǸ˹ᰡǳҲ϶Ӳ˹ϵӣǿʦˣ
һ߻˷ҶΣͺǷһ޴ıһԭЩǣǿڣ֤ȷ䣬Ѿǰ϶ˡ
ҲеԵɣڴʦ˵ڴʦôңҸղŻ˸סʲôˣǾͰЩʰ˾ˡ
ڴʦپ﷢࣬ЩСʳĺӰ֪ն񰡣ڴʦƭļҾ˵ǳ棬ʵϾڿɺãеǰȻ˵ʰ
ԺҿҲչˣԼǧСģҪԳΪŷ˺үЩˣȣǡ
˵ڴʦȻһȣֵǣƽܳڣ౨ʱ򣬱
ڴʦһȣЩڴʦŭվڴʦǰ
Ҷ߰ɣͳųϧԼҰΣﻥˣҪ󲻹ְɣ
ҶεЦҪ󲢲ֻ֣ߣҲ߲˰
䣬һһӻ˴ԶһЩ˿˹
ڴʦͷһ֪ѾˡΪԶĻУԿ˳ˣոҵĺӡ
ţҪȥȴҶס
ſңſңҪȥʧȥǣҶִ
ٸҺҾͰˣҶһ˿âݺݵһô͵񣿶ʱŵò
ڴʦһҶˣѵ㻹뷴ôһҪڴЩˣǲСһ߻Ц
ڴʦûָǸ߻˵޳ܣб¸һһЩ£ʲôú
߻ʲôڴʦ㣬ͶǲͶҿɸ㣬ҷҾͻеĳȫɱã⸽ˣʱһƣʲôͶˣ
ѵ㲻̫ô
߻˾;ԼĲ֮һһԼĶš߻˰תȦûз˵˭
˭ʲôˣģʲôӢۺú
ߣΪ˼ҸʱӢۺú⼸ôдôǲǾؿֻţ
ǸԱ֣߳߻˾Ҳ˵ߵټ
߻˴󺧣һ̵˳˵Ĳϣ˻ߺҳҪȻҾҪȸˣ
Уһһ𣺡֮Ƽܣã
ʱһƬڸסеˣȫǴֲָľУһʱ˶Ųѡ

һĲҽǸ߻ģžǴ˷ļͽϵĲҽ
֮缼ܣƣһĺһǿιߵЩȻʧʱɫеĻȫ˵ϣʹŤ巢ļµĲҽ
˱źӣ˰Σϳ嵽ߣĸŮǸӱͷʹޡ
ڴʦЩɵˣʹ۾ȷһжΣϽҶһֵлҶСֵ֣½
ûڴʦ˵꣬ҶЦסڴʦ˵ղЩǳˣԭΪǳˣ˭֪ǴĶˣ֮Ҫϣȥչһ¼Ҿ죬һЩˣǵ׻ʲôܡ
˵ţҶ˵ڵϵ߻ˡ
ûҶߵ߻˵ĽǰȻ䣬ƿ֮Ҷξ;ǰһϸâĵâżƿԼ
Щâһâ漫Ϊ㣬ҶǶǿԶ㿪ҪܣڴʦһȺ˿ɾˡ
֮ܣҶεȣҶǰ˲һǽ¡¡
âȫ뵽ǽ֮Уǽɢ䣬ЩâҲɢ䵽ϡ
һеԪؼܣ˵岻ðŴش׷ɱĵ֣ҶΣȻһֱûҶνΪû뵽ܵóԸˡ
һ߽˵ҰС


1286 ѻ
ǶϽ𻨱ߵĻһ߽Ҷڣ˵ͷ϶ǱԷĲһûҲ֮Ϻ£Ǹоܲ
һžչ˵ǰ
Ͻ𻨱߻˵ĳ֣·𶼻Ұ˵ļΪȳƣּôĶõǰϵĸо
һͷƮݵĳ΢紵ʱֶ̬оͭɫϣŨŨüëбޣһ˫۾ߵǶʧȥ˹ʡ
ıһͬŮԲ˫ϵһɫ·˸оǸޱһ㣡
飬ԭ㣡ڴʦͬһ㺰
Ҷû뵽ڴʦȻʶô߼Ļˡյ˵ټͳǳڴʦǼġ
ǺǺǣû뵽ϻ˼ǵҲļȥȴޱȷˣʮӶʮڴʦҳǵУֻһСආھȻҲðʦˣǲ󰡡
ڴʦ˵ҶЦҶΣ쳹簡һ嵱У㶼֮ɫĴڡûܸ㽻֣һֱҲһܴźǰʱ䣬Ҷռ죬ҺúøпһΪⱲҲ޷㽻ˡ
Ҷһ˵ҵõϢԸĸ֣ϧ˳һУҸһûκεĹ
ЦʲôƾҲܹԸҶôʧСϺҪܰ㶨ĻǾֵõģϺ׾ϺףǰûκõġԣڱָʹģΪĿĲֶΣҲɹɡ
˵ҶҲͷҲǣ˵ǵʦ˴˱˴ˣ
ҶΣȻʹ죡Ҫ֪ɴ߲СڣĳڣֶεģܹﵽĿĲҪġսһûκιġһ㣬ҲӦóϰɣ龹ȻųϿҵɫ˵
ҶֵͷһҲϣ飬֮ǰԸҵˣɲҪСǵĽ³Ҳһ֪ɣ
ˬЦ֪֪ʷҪдģţҶʤʷҪսˡ
ҶЦãƣ飬Ǿҿдʷֶεʲôģ
˵꣬Ҷ΢΢һ׼սļơ
˫ǰһȻһʱԲΪģһ̶ˮɢ
ϵĳĲɢģ⵭һӿ
ڴʦʧɫϽеǵ˶˵ɿ⡣÷˺С˭Ҳ׼æ
ƽзȵڴʦ֪൱鷳ﻹҵԸ±ĸ׺͵ܵ󳷡
ۼ˳ˣڴʦߣ׼æ֡
ѽͱˣּĶԿ˵ǲ֣Ǽһǰ飬ǸϽص߰ɡֻҪǽֲһ㣬Ǿʬ׶Ҳı³
ڴʦһ˵ţһ߰ƵԶսĵط
޷ǰʵڴʦʶ飬ѵв˲飿
ڴʦЦһ˵ȣҺͳûֱܹԲĵزˣʵǵˣָƵġһ˰ɹһϤ˺ƿһСӦĻģֻҶҶΣŲòѡ
鱾ǵĳ֣һǿΪʮ˵áǣһ¹սвҰܺ󣬲Ӵ˾ʧǵҰС
ǲûʮͻȻֳϣѰҵԼսҲȻŵսһ
˭֪鲻֪ѧһʮֹĹ⧲֮£ˣһմ
ڱ䵱һ飬ʱ˭Ҳûע⡣
ǣѪޱȣܸԼĳĶ֮սǵĸ·֣ޱȵǣսˣȫսܣȫ˰׳գǶڲļע
ǵĴܹ۲죬иսˣ걻ٵĲӣԲŻ˰׳ա
ϸо֮£óĽǣĹпܾǱڿǽֹϰĴѻ
ֹһĽйĹ磬ĹҲʤö١
ѻĲ֮ͬڹĹʮֲ̣ĸָоڶ۵ӸĹʹöֱϿôѿʵȴһ̡
ԣѻͱΪ˽ɹ
û뵽ȻΪһ֮˽ĹǣǴܵĺ£ϵĸֶԲչ˺ҵ׷ɱ
ʱڴʦֻһˣʦǰһȥ׷ɱ顣
Ҳ˵ãǸֵΧ׷½£ӲƾŴѻһٶ·֡
ɲվǱסۿžҪڲҪԲõʱ򣬺Ȼ˼ظ֣£Ӵ˲ͳʧǵҰˡ
ΪԵʣԪˣĸ֣ǻûرɫĴ
ʧʱ䣬ѾмʮˣУҲȥҲѰ𣬵߱磬Ȼûֲܹټ
龹Ȼٶȳ֣Ҹǰû̫ĸı䣬ܲڴʦţڴʦţʵڴʦλҶϲ飬˭ռϷ簡
ڴʦɫص⻹治˵ĴѻֿǹޱȵġλҶСֵȻЩز¶һǵҪһЩ
ɵһüͷҲֲ̫˰ɣ뵽һ˫ĿҶΣ֮⣬ʱϡ
Ҷ俴Ų飬ԷƣҶκܴѹҶָоǾֻҪԲ񣬺ʮصġ
Ȼ鵭Цˣ΢Ц·ԡڻϵһޱ񾲵ĸоҶεĸоУЦݾͷ·һײе޸ʳĲЦһ
Ųһȣͼһ˦һڰ׻ƵĹâҶεط˹
Ҷβҵ̧ʶָѸϱȥʱҶεϸֳһһ߶೤֡Ҷôֵ֣һץ˲ĺڰ׾Ĺâ


1287 Ĺ
Ҷδ󺧣ָϽֹͣץȡԷͼһ˺üԶ
ҶΣôˣʤĳʤôôһͱֵ˵ҶôôҿҲˣ
ŲĿҶβû̬ʧ⣬ǾøղŲĹʵ̫ˡҪ˵ֻ׶ʱ򱻹ĸͨԼıнûһֹܹЧ
鿴ҶһľȣɵõЦҶΣ˵ѻôҸղʹõģǴѻļ򵥵Ĺ꣡Ǻڵģʹǻ꣬׵ľʹ߻ʹãԹǿķ
ҶЩˣľ֮Ĺһ棬һ㣬ԷĹǿʱ򣬾ͻһͷһڲϵת£ͻͻƷõı档
ԷĹǳ죬ֻҪܹմ壬ͻΪǿҵ깥
ȫĴʹУûҶεԶ˶ʧ෴ģִʹоȻԽԽǿңҶε϶Щɫˡ
ãҶСֵѾ˲ĵˣڴʦ쳣Ͼ̲ס˾ȥȴڴʦס
Уȥûаİǰװ״ڴʦȰ
ǾôҶ˺æô
ڴʦ˵æǰ׷Ḷ́˲Ĵѻˣһʹ಻̲ʮҶСֵѾܹ˵ı¾ڵ׷ɱЩ֮ϡǰﲻæҺô
һֹͣ۾գҲգҶΡ
Ҷϵܣʹеĵطһ飬ܵĵڣִʹжټҶεɫҲ˺ܶࡣ
ı֣òһҶΣ㻹˵ǳѶԸ˭ҵĴѻֻʹ൹սȫʧǵһܹˡ
Ҷһ˵飬ĴѻѾһЩˣѰ깥һֶĹʹܵ˺Ĵѻǽ깥͸ɵڹͬʱЩԲôЧɣ
ʱɫ԰ףָҶεֶЩˣ㣬㡭ô֪ģѵܵһµĹ˴ѻĹԭһɵģ
ҶεЦɵģѵɴô
һջ֣ҶΣɶôѻµһ͵ű׳հɡѻ֮ٻ֮𣡡
ͼĿŢ̌ҽţڵϺݺһ壡ʱӲ£һɫĻӵرðŵһݺҶΡ
֮ˮܣ죡ҶҲڵϺݺݶһţͼҶεĽһǵˮ˳𣬺ݺ˲ķٻ֮
˭֪͵ˮзٻ֮Ժɫķٻ֮ûϨҶϮȥ
ҶΣôûбٻ֮УͱɵӰٻ֮ɲĻһˮ޷Ϩģ
еʱ򣬸̵͵˶󣬾ҪͺܶණΪʹóˮΪķٻ֮ôҶ俴˲һ˵
һ˵̵ͣǺãҵҪ̸ߵ˻ʲôľٶ
֮׵缼ܣױҶһŭָһ㣬ʱҶεָһɫĵââˮ֮ϣʱеĵâˮҴܣŵˮ׷˷ٻ֮𣬾ͼâҴܣٻ֮Ʈ˼¾Ϩˡ
¿ЦˣҶʹ˼ܵӰȻֻ֪׵ͼܣܹ˷ٻ֮
ɷٻ֮ǰУһ֮׵޷ͷġʹˮ֮ˮͻڵγˮգ׵ÿͨý׷Ϸٻ֮𣬼̶ѷٻ֮
ûȲӾŭѹȻԼ嶸ȻһԼʱȴԼѾסˣңһ
ľܣֱЩĿɿڴˣҶΣû뵽ԪؼܻǣľͲʲô
˵ţ˫ۺݺһڲϵ۶ϣƮ䵽ϡҶû뵽鲻ڴѻĹǿޱȣǿ̶Ҳ
һЦһΣǰһģʱһŰ׵ϼڰУһЫ״Ҷκݺ
Ҷξ;ûϥһͣιȻҲ˵á
ѪҶλȭӭŲĹȥ
һ죬Ҷειݺײһ𣬷һײƬƬʲ˸ͺǳөһ
ѻ֮ǧɱӰղһιΪľǸԼӮʩչѻĻᡣ
Ӧ˵һϹǺЧģҶڸԺһ֮󣬻ͣҪƴʶУɾһ˲䣬ǧӰɱʹ˳
ʱҶεΧĻǣЩǿɸҶĲ̫һǳĻǡ
һȫźâٶ죬ҶεһϾ뿪ܶʼҶξȻҲһܹӦԵİ취
ҶθоֲǣЩǴ˺ͬеҶθо׶Ĵ̹ǵʹеܸҶδԵЧеܸҶδѣεЧ
һʱ䣬ҶθоԼ·ڱֻܸǵĿ֮࣬ǿĹȻûаİ취
Ҷ֪ЩǿǾĴϵĺâܹĳ£ҶεǿᣬԷֻҪܹӴһˡ
ͨһĽӴҶξָܹܵĲͬо⻹ǵǸоϵ⣬ҶѾоԼ꾹ȻЩǸǧٿףȻûܴܵ˺ȥǰ취
նҶקͨԵ䵽ͨԵ֮ϣԼΧһ
ʱЮһĿİ׹⼤޼᲻ݵƣΧĻǡ
ҶκͲ龪ȵ鷢ˣ鱾Ե״֣ǣ;֮У龹Ȼ˻˫ۣſ˾޴ͣΧĻһ̵
תһȦʱͲ٣һûͨԵ֮С
ϸֳ֮ɫҶ˵ǳҵϣȻܹҲֻʹóռֶˡѻ֮ѻǣ


1288 һ
һ깥߶ԣǿ̶ȾȱݣһҶѡ񹥻ԷΪǵѡ
ɲȫǸ࣬ΪǰģΪ൱˵áֻǺΪսܵԭ򣬲ѡѻ깥
Ҷοɲ׹עһȥ壬Ϊһ޷һĴѻҶδ˺ġ
Ĵѻѻǲͨ깥ԶԶʵԶ̹ǰ깥ԼԭеĹۺһ
ڲ麰ѻǵͬʱȴһĳһƲûп⹥Ҷϵһ㣬ѰһķֻҪܹסҶεˡ
ۺϺĹ൱˵ãһȻסҶǰһռ䣬ҶγĸƶӰθŹȥ
ƷдһɹϢͬʱҲϢĳ硣ĹһʱҶԾ
ȾǲǰһԼӲΪԷĹдмΪǿ깥ξǲܶҪĻƷ統˵ãĿ񱩾磬ȻܹҶƶ塣
ֻҪҶζǾͳ뵽УͻᱻӰһţǹɾϽˮһ಻ˡ
ҶͣûӦһ˲䣬ͼĳȻأ߸ԾڰУ˫һȦ˫Ȼ£ʱһεĻɽһƷݺҶ
ʱҶαԭأҶܣӵðƺһӽҶΰУҶξȻǶ޿ɶ㣡
ʱҶξ͸оԼͬǧһҵʹϴ
Ҷҧأ˫ָ£ʹеܣʱӵ˻ЩϳҶƵĺҶԼһʹࡣ
ҶΣû뵽㻹ֵһ£ҴδҲδ뵽鰡ʹ죬ϲһûսˣӰѾҿ㻹ֶܹã
ϳ˷ܣҶμֵĳ治ûԾ;ɥòӿһɵ˷ܸС
ۼҶΧԽԽ񣬶תٶԽԽ죬ϸֳһɳЦ⡣
һ˫ֲͣȦת˶óѾƴȫˣɫԽԽأȻϳ乵ĺˮ
˵һڲ˫֮УֳһڵӤףɫǷǳȵһС۾΢ţһɰıڳ˯˭ҲĹһ
ԭս֮ڴʦһˣٸԼľȻһ£ͷ·һֻ޴סȫӲ˵Ƕһ£Ҫܡʵֲ̫ˣֱһ
Լһ㣬Сͣ˫ֵĶڲ˫еĺɫӤȻ΢΢˫Ŀһ˲䣬˸оԼȻһ飬ƺҪȥ
ϣ˫һϣɫӤһߵľ룬ӤֱεĿסϣЩ鴤ˣˮɹɵ
˫ּƵСɫԽԽֱһڶֿһͻеĸо
ȻǸӤһǷΧĿռ䶼Ƿ΢΢һ¡ԶڴʦȫһûվȣȫϡеȫӶԷ￴޾Ŀ־壡
ϵ֮ɫת˷֮ɫ齫ŶǰһͣڵӤƷҶβΧתĻǽ
ɫӤҶʩչܲµĻתǽŸתǽɫӤȻûյʲô谭һתǽһҶοȥ

ҶεһޱȰԵϵ£ΨҶκδڶµһŭ
ʱҶΧǽһĽ䣬һֲĳҶΪģ˷ɢȥеͳͳסԼĶ䣬Ҫĳ
ûãΪĴ͸ʵ̫ǿ˵ס䣬ǰѶĤҲûãֱڸִڵĸоϵͳ֮ϵġ
Ҳһһ£ǣڰźɫģͬ˯һӤһ۾Ͼ΢΢ˡ
飬û뵽㾹Ȼɳ˾Խɵ飬ѵͲܵΪĳͷôҶεָŲȵ
Գ鴤һ£˵ҶΣ㶼֪Щʲô
ҶһָеĺɫӤ˵ⶫ˲ϵãȴϵõģǿսʿߵĻƶɵġ飬Ƿĵһɰ
ȫʧɫֲӤĸоԭǿսʿĻƶɵġ
Ҫ֪ǿսʿѾǶ˵Ĵˣڶ˵ĴڣһЩɵĶǷǳģ˵ߵʬ壬ܾߵꡣ
Ϊǿսʿһûԭ򣬻ǲġΪԭΪڵ̫ӣҶǵļ䣬һëˣǿǻġ
еǱʶɾǣǿǻǣһ־η¡
ڣ龹ȻǿսʿĻǸƳԼʹĶǾǷĵһɰ
粻Σ¶ЦҶΣ㻹۹⣬˵ʲôûˣ죬㣬ЩʶʱˣȫҪֻˣŻᱣסһеܣ
˵ţȻ쳤ХͼͬһͣѾŤһ飬һһɲ
ǸӤ˫ۡһʱ䣬Ӥ˫۾һڶһ˵꣬ͷ·ܵһĪоҪԼ壬˫ޱȵ۾׹һ
ҶҲƴˣڽеһ֮ȫ˳õ˴档
ͻһзһ֮ܣ߶Ŵ˲ס˲顣
⣬⡭ôܣҶΣѾҵսסˣôʹóֶΣ־ŭ漴оĿ־塣
ΪоԼȫ罭ˮ뺣һӿҶεڡԼʵԼļ䣬һⱻҶȫˣ
飬µԼӦ֪жأЩкĻǣʱŶ㷴ɣȴѹţڣӦǶԹ˽ʱˣѻ֮ѻǣ
Ҷη˲ļ䣬ҵ˴ѻʹ÷òԼ壬ٿʹѻǡ


1289 ܾ
Ȼ䣬ĺڲ߶Ȼͻأ֣һĳ˻ΧĿռ·ͬһ㣡
ҶȻԼĴڲϵǲ㵭Ҳ֮ʧ
ʱ屻ŵĺס鷢һһĲҺ
еǸӤһȻ뵽˺УʱڲߵĺҪըһ㣬ҪһʵԵˣ
Ҷηϵڴʦһ˵ߣȵܣٲܾˣ
ʱڴʦһ˲Ÿո廹ЩΡΡһҶεľ棬˭֪ٵΣжôء
ǣҧأȫѾӾܡûܳɵľ룬˾춯һıը˾͸оĵ涼⶯һҵĳ쫷һϯ

һֲĳ˰գȻˤ䵽ϡҲ֪˶ãʱ򣬷ΧľѾŤᣬͺһһ㡣
ڴʦΡΡߵҶεǰֵˣҵԮ֮ûһݡ
˵ţڴʦҪڵء
ҶθϽֹסڴʦѼ飬ֻʱ򣬲ܹ˭˭ĵˡˣ˼Ȼ֣Ǿ˵ڳҲ֣ǶʰʰϽذټͳǰɡ
ڴʦһ΢ЩΪѣΪ򺮽ǴҾԶߣҪǻȥиаһʱ䣬ڴʦ¶Ϊѵɫ
ڴʦı飬֪ڴʦʲô˵ڴʦˣϻȥҪǸ׳飬Ȼ͵ʲô˼أ˵ˣҶڣǻʲô
˵꣬һ˫۾ֱӴ󵨵ضҶΡ
Ҷζٸ΢΢һȣϽתȥ˵ڰټͳǿΣķǻǸϽϵټͳΪá⣬Щ˾һˣǲҪֻ֣ʰˣҲҪ֡
ҶεǶԷ˵ʲôʲôڴʦͲˡ⵹˵ڴʦʲôۣǾĶˣҲˣе鶼Ҫӹһ飬һֻҪ϶ԷǺˣԷ˵ôš
һ£ڴʦ˵Ҷˣ֪˼һʵΪӴҪԸ˵־ǳᶨ˴ȥ£¡
ûҶ˵˵ڴʦҶ֣ǿҲ˷²ˡҶǰҲҪôҪ˵Լأ
ҶθϽԲɱô˵ڴʦ˵Ҳеʹھ˻ȥ˵ĹϵȻˣһ嵽ʱĶ֣˵ˣͬԣڴʦĻǺԶġ
ڴʦϽͷҶԼǣҾǵĵҶˣģǳǾжرˣֻΪƸӣҲ˵ĻǸ㹻ʲʱȻسǸپô
һ˵ʲôҶҶ˵ģ˸ˣҿǻǹҶҶӵΪá
ڴʦ̫ˣô᲻֪ƴҶ֮Ļأ
ЦԶԶԣǽҶ׽㡣
Ҷξڴʦ˵úҵκϪѰټͳǳΪһȫ˵˳κϪʱţڴʦϵĲ䣬ȼ֮аЩˡ
κϪһٸػһ㣬ȱľʡʲ䣬һʱ⡣
ٺˣҶڴʦһλص˰ټͳǡ
˳ţڴʦüͷҶС˵Ҷӣе㲻̫ζټͳôٴһ㣿ѵƹȵѾǶԳȡʲôʩô
Ҷһ˵ᣬҪ֪ƹȳֵĻˣвľԸһϾɳ̫֣ԲЩӦǶжġΪıըȫɾˣƹȾݴ˼ﲻõʲôϢġ
ڴʦҲͷҶӷĶԣˣҶӽഺΣ֪мûУ
ҶµľڴʦɲʵģԼôһ˵ܿܺǣߴžˡ
ڴʦѾ˺üˣڱĵطûд߶ѡҶע⵽Ŷ֮ϾԴ
ҶβһЦЩʱ򣬳ʹʹġ
֪˳ǰȴǰ䱸ɭϣʮʿء
Ҷη֣ڴʦϸֳ˴㵵顣
ڴʦô£ʲôôҶСʵ
ڴʦɫ˵ҶӣЩʿһҲʶ
Ҷһͻڴʦųȥ찡ôسʿʶˣѵһ˸Ĺ
ţ鱾ͲãһƬٴеӣСƢҪﴳ
˭֪شŵʿϹ־ס
վסʲôģ˵ܹģһʿ˵ܲе˼
üԲָԼ˵ˣҵļңҲ˭ܹ
˵Ǹʿ´һȻЦֲóҪǿأԭð˵˰С꣬㣬Ѿ˵ð˵˻ᴳҪһ
һЩɵˣ۾ǰĸۡûԼСļҰô£׻İˣ˵
ȥͨһ˵Ůˣܿ˰ɣٻЩҹķȣûһĴСϲ˳ĵľʹ󺰴֣øһ
ǸʿЦǸ˷Ըæ˭һɲţذɡ
ƢٺãҲܲ˫һƣʱʿƿ˺ԶʵʿҪ߶ˡ
ۿҪӲΧʿϷ׷˱ڳһٴеӡ
ʲôô󵨣ҵǰҰǲǲˣһСͷĿӵ˳սָһ˴ȵ£ûˣ
ڴʦԿһΣѾʿСͷĿߡ
ڴʦ־סСͷĿֵ֣һŤСͷĿʹսѾڴʦڴʦѵСͷĿĲһ˵Ƿ±


1290 
СͷĿЩڴʦһʹ漸СͷĿĲӣŰСͷĿŵ۴Уţеȫ±
ʿǻҪٵģǳܵЮ֣ִСѵڶʿǰıȫ˵ϡ
ֱŭ죬û뵽ļſھȻ飡һ߷һʿŭﴳ
ҶκڴʦѾͷʲô飬Ͻ˸һӵ롣
ӰҶ߹հ˹յãһǰõǸ߿ˡ
ӦǱһڵѣǣҶȴһС
ףôˣ
ҶûͷԣϽõĴšǰľҶһС
֮Уһ㲵һŹϣͺǾȫȫһ
ҲʮͷͣǣȻͷİ׷һ͵飡
һûŭһͷ˵ϥ£ޡ
ԭǺɻô˾򺮣ټͳǵĳʱȴһƲһû˿ķɣ
Ȼƿ˵ҲڴʦＸȥôôˣڴʦأ
һ˲䣬϶ȻһȻƣһ֮¶ɣ
˵ףʲô֪ˣǳȥѣʲô̰ףǶ׹⣬ͷʱôܹ°
ʱڴʦһҲˡڴʦ˫ϥ򵹣вɫ˵²ţҵа
򺮿һϤˣ֪Ѿ޷ˣȻЦȣҲˡˣڴʦɣЩ飬Ҳֲ㡣
䣬һۿҶΣڴʦʵڴʦλֵ֪ܿ
ڴʦϽҶνܸ򺮣·һȫ򺮡
ҧгݵû뵽Щ˶񶾣Ѿеһжȥˣû뵽ǻǲŹҵļˡ
˵򺮶Ҷһ˵лҶ֣ȻһҿɾҪοסˡ
ҶθϽЦﻰĴŵƹȣܸŵƹȣڳƹϣôܹأеʱһ֮ĿǸ˰
ҡͷ˵ڰټͳǷϢڳеĽ跢չ˲ĥĹףӦð˵ֵһ㿴ǣôЩ֮˵ռǵԴռ䣬Ҫ˸ϳȥ
˵쳤̾һҶ֪Ϊһһеĳɲ˵ƾһǻѪԼо漰ķ涼Ҫչ˵ܹΪһ츣
ЩأҶα濪˵ղڳҿһЩأЩ벻£Ϊʲô
һЦҶǻ氡ǵģЩʿȷʵҵ¡Ȼûţ룬еĳУȫ
Ҷ⻰ҿЩˣô˵еĳжأ
˵ҰѼҾȫͳȥʱ򣬻ѾңҰѼҾ춼תƣʮֲҶĶȥˣҾͺŪ˵ҾֱŤҲ֪ĶˡǣǾͰеʿȫˡ
ҶﲻЩʣҪ֪µʿɲϲһǿֻϳٵģҲ˵û򺮵˭ҲָӲЩʿһޱţҲȥʿ顣
򺮿ҶεʣЦʵϣЩ˺ܻǲûֱҵ飬ǺֻҪҰҵʿɵĳȥĳиΰͷǾΪңҲ˵µʿȫǱĳеʿ
ҶλȻֲóʿڴʦʶԭԵʡ
˵˼άνܣгеʿһ̶˸棬Ҳ˼ǵ档Ͳ¸ļҷ
ȻµľӣָЭϿ϶ǲԼľ˳֣ҲͶž˳Ҫѵ˼͸ڻ˶ڳסĿƣܹ߶Щջ˵˼¡
ЩʿԼʵϾԼļ˻ע⵽ҲвѵĿԡҲѹ򺮻Ƿϣ̯飬˭ܹǷأ
ȻɫһҶӣ²ӣ룬һ֣˻ܿõϢǿ϶ǻġҶӣҶѾŬˣӿһϣҵļԶ߸߷ɰɡ
Ҷʮܹ򺮴ʱ飬Ϊһ֮ΪһףһɷĵľǼ˵İΣһ޿ɺǣ
ʱ廰ףǻ̫ڳƹȾͱƣǰ˼ӵܹѻ˵׷ɱأҿұ׷ɱʹʹƴһ
СѾͷ㶮ʲôû˲ұ̫ϾҲǡҪǵңҿɾ˵׼ɳʲôġ߰ɣߣߣ
䣬İ˳ԳЦߣߣĺ£ѵһ֮ô
һʱɫԼļˣֿҶΣЦһĳҪҲ㲻ȥհհգ˶ϰɡ
˵꣬ȻȻ߳ã˳ĿյϡڴʦҲųȥҶβɫĸ˶档
İϣվˡĸŽ߻ƵĻˣһɭļһһǶϽ߻ƵĻˡ
Ҷβɵһüͷû뵽һϽ߻ˣܹķװʵô˵Ҳٲ֮¡ǸѲĲ飬ҶҲЩͷۡ
򺮶һֵλˣ֪ʲôͽ̰
һ߻ָ򺮺ȵ򺮣ֱ͸ˣķΥ˵ƲкǵˣѵͲǵıô
ָ֪Ӧǳƹȵ飬ǷԼļҾ죬ɵͷȴǵһңǲ֪ܶôдˡ
ߣλ˵ĻôװһֱڳúõģҲʿأôƲкǵˣ
򺮣ʱ㻹磬ɼǲ֪ˡ㣬ļҾΪλڳƹȣôôΪʲôǵ˶ˣһͣ


1291 ˲ն
ߵߣһҪˣҵļҾƹȣΪʲôܵǵķԤıأϾɱ
˵ţԲ۾η˵Ļˡ
߻ҪȴǸɭϽ߻£Ц˵ѵǲ˼֮ѺԼô
һ仰ԭƵ򺮶ʱ
ǸϽ߻Ц֮ȫᣬȻᣬǾͲҪΪС¶֮ĸ顣ɵǵ˵ǸˣһǼ򵥵ļһӦ֪һЩҺô
ɫ䣬ҧҲöˣɱǵ˵ˣǳˣҲöˣ˾ˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬һ˵ʲôǳ˸ɵģƾǣ¶ò֣ͻᱻŰͬڵȫɱΰ̫ױŪˣ
򺮶ʱ˵ʵǺģҪзı£˭Щ˵ƴӰ
º˵ֱڣȻΪ֮ᡣ֮ɵЭ飬ֻҪǲǵ飬ƻǵļƻǱ֤ǵĵλͰȫЭȻЧҲֳһ⣬˭ɱǵ˺ô
ߣҲܹ۸ĵСˣɱģҲ֪ҵŰɣҶҲ̫Ⱥߵǰ棬˵
쿴ҶΣ͵ʲô㣬㡭ҶΣֲò龹ȻˣԭĹ
ҶЦһΪһ˶ж飬ҲˡѵҲ벽ĺô
ݺݶһ£ɭЦҶΣʵȷʵǸҲ£ܹܲ飬ܹùϷô
ҶεЦҴΪֵʵȥԷЩһҪģûбҪһƽҲơбҪģ¶ԷӣҲһҪԶԷĽ
һ£ΣݺݿҶ˵ҶΣҶͱĺˡ˵꣬һ֣ĸ߻ϰΧĶζҶν˰
Ҷζ˵ͷǺһ£Ҳﲻæ
֪ĶԿϣͳЩˣûãָ˿Զ
Ҷλûתͷʱһ߻ȻҶξͷ˹˫ƳʱâҶǵһӿ
ЩâнʱȻһɫľҶеλȫֽȥ
߻ˣڶѵĸǹУǡôķԼĹЩȫεĹ˵һ߻˹µķ϶ĸ߻γɵĹһģһϵ
幥̲סס͡Ҷε£ǣȫʽ幥Ҷֵܹô
ѪҶ˿ûзʶеĲλȫڶԷĹ֮£û˵ȰԼãǷ߶
һҶεұȻת˲仯Ѫ꣬Ѫ֮УһֻŰ׵ͷһݺײι
һ죬ĸ߻γɵιҶεѪӲײһҶ˳Ȼ幥
ĸ߻ôҲû뵽ϵ幥ûʧֹȴҶһ͸ȫƻˡ
ߣһҲˣڵϹҲŻŻѰգǰ㲻ϣ
Ҷ˵ţȴûֱͣһֵĽ߻˷˹ȥǸ߻˱ŵðղҶ͵Ѫƣ߻֪ԼԲҶεһ֮У
뵽߻ϾѡܡȻתܵһʱ䣬Ҷοϡ
û߻˼٣ҶȭѾݵ߻˵
ûĹ幥ϣ߻ȫĹҶ޻ڵһȭû̱
߻˾ͺһûйͷһӿе䣬ʱ߻˾һ˼Ӳĵϡ
߻ɵˣղҶεĳƼֵĹѾǱֱðڣ͸оһӽźһֱܵԺס
֮ľܣƣ
û߻ӦҶǱѾˡͼҶյָʱ߻˸оԼ屻ż̵ȻǶоһʹľʹ
Щų̵ʼսϵļ̶ʱ뵽ǵС

߻˷˳Ĳҽ̲סǣû뵽ԽԼܵ˺Խأʱ䣬ǵѪģˡ
ҶקͨԵʯһӹ߻˶ʱ׷룬׷״Ӱе䵽档
һУ˲ɣ˵ɵۣǸҲľѡ
ҶΣһͨԵʱͨԵϵѪ˦ɾ
ʲôֶΣʹҶεָ˵
Լ촽ɣһ£ݺ˿ĭ˵ҶΣͳ⼸֣ҲԩˡΪ⼸һô
ҶεЦûܣ֤㻹Щġеˣͨǻúܿġ
ָƽ¶һ˿ЦݣôҼٱ㻹ˣЩ˶һⶼҵҲ⡣
˵ţԼָժһӲӵ
ȥһָҶȴ֣ⶫּܵĸоǸоͺһ˯ľްѣҪ춯һĸо
ҶθоãͨԵһʱһ貵ĵâնȥ
һ̽ԵĹڵδʱ̽ԵĹǺбҪģʹôнйһԷмΪķֶΣǽǷǳ顣
ЦһǸСһΣʱĵâܵһ㣬ڰиı˷굽С𻷵м䣬գۼʧˣ
Ҷδ󺧣ֱܹӰѶԷĵâߵ飬Ҷλû
ۼԼľԽԽҶҪ˶Ѿˡ
׺棡Ҷְѵһգ־ƴԼι
ʱҶεϱŰ׹âŰ׵Ĺâ꣬ǵȥ


1292 
ԳЦСӭһΣʱС𻷱ǳС˫ַס𻷣Լһת
˲䣬еιȫ𻷵УɲǼͬˮйɳһת۾Ͳˡ
ҶδʧɫûĶȻεܹˡ
Цһʱ֮Ҷξ͸оͨԵϴһĲɲĸоһֱҶεȫȻҶһĸо
Ҷۼֹ޷ȡЧָһе׵缼ʹ䣬һɫâ
˵еֶξԵõһˣۼâǶâһһת𻷣еâҲͬһ𻷵м䣬̼Ͳˡ
Ҷϳˣ˸֮ľ롣
ЦҶΣΪŵΪͿԺˣ̫Ĺ屦ˣʰǺܼ򵥵飬ڣ֪һ𻷵
˵ţȻ׵˰գݵһҶδҶθղͨԵײһ£֪ײԼֲ˰ôϽܡ
û뵽һ߿֮ϳڰдһϺХֱҶηɹ
Ҷָһ
žžž
̼𻷴ɹɹ𻷵ĽǰըɷɹĳûκεӰ죬ХҶδ
һ£ҶҲЩջʱıγһŰ׵֣һתӭ𻷾ͳ˹

Ҷһŭ𣬶ŷɳ۶𻷾һȭһ죬𻷱أҶϵַ˾ҵңϾɢˡ
Ҷ𾪵ԸӣѾ
ҶΣͦѲܰģߵˣǵһƾһ㣬ҲΪˣǣûаİ취ʵ㻹ǹԹɣ
˵ţһȣ˫Ȧת⣬˫ּγһӲӵĽ⡣͵أ˫һƣɲǼ串ס𻷡
˵ڶ𻷶ȻһִСģһҶѹ˹
һأ𻷵ٶȻûиղôˣΧγһŨŨĽ⣬ǵķΧһɽһѹķ䱻ɨ˲ͱˡ
Ҷܣûκεİ취ģҶҪˣһ˿ɾˡ
뵽ҶδϴļҾ쳷ȥ㣬һѲֻۡ
֪ҶԲ飬Ͻڴʦ⳷
ߣ򺮣㾹ȻҸһԣڻôҪ֪Χǵˣǲѷɣܵһʱǵ˻ĺǰǾ͵ǵıɣ
˵ţ쳤ХһХ䣬ԶԶͣгХӦ
ûһΧһƬӣĻԴԴķΧ£
ҶڰϿԼסҪæҲ
֮ƼܣãҶεһУʱڳĸƲת˲串סһʱ䣬İټͳǶƲ㸲סƾ˭ֲָ֪ʲôӵġ
ҶΣֶμֱǲǰʲôܶǰ׸˵ţȻ佫ٻأĲϻ£𻷵ģγһ޴С
зתѸڰټͳϵƲսȥ𻷾Ǹ޵׶һ˶ȻյٶȲգۼ䣬ټͳǸǵ͵ࡣ
Ҷγᣬϳ嵽򺮵ߣټͳǵĳŴȥҶοɲܣ෴ģҶ˾Ҫʰ
ֻһ˵Ĵ̫Σˣ˵ϲȡ˱ӻҶǾԲԼƤܵ˺
Ƽܶڱһ۵ļܣǶҶ˵û˿Ӱ졣Ҷδһˣŵķɱ;ϻˣǺɱ
ѰټͳϸǵƲȫյʱҶѾһɱ˳š
һͳҶȥƹȴѾ֪򺮶ǲȡ˱ĴʩЩ˿϶չ˺һ˵ġ
ۼһƹȵķˣҶη˰գڰգȴĵ
Я𻷿ϵҶڰյɵùЦҶΣ֣ȻҡЩСϺʲôǴ㰡ȻôҾͳȫ㡣
˵ţ𻷳Ҷһ
һԶˣҶܹȫԸˡҶ֪𻷵ɱ̫ҪڰټͳϷսĻᲨ޹İգʱѡ˳ˣټͳǵȥ
ȴΪҶԼһ߲ٿ׷ϣһ߿ЦҶΣԭҲµʱ򰡣ʵҲûʲô˵ģ֮ģ˽֮ôֻһܲˣҵѾˣϵ£㵽ĶҾĶ
˭֪۵糸һеҶΣȻͣסԼΣתĿ
һûôǱǱˡ֪Ǳ³ʲôôҶ˵
ӵؿҶһ˵Զǿߵ磬ֻҪұǿ˵Ǳˣ㲱ʺô
ҶεЦҴûôɱһˣҲ뷨ң뷨һʵֵġ
˵ţҶοʼڰΧתơ
ԴҶΣЦҶΣʲôҪҵʡʡɣһֻҪ֣Ͳܰ
ʱҶѾΧתһȦȻҶιЦԸĶ֣ҸͲѰʲôǴ̵ķȥҲװɵ
˸ҶΣû뵽ıҲС㵹ԣҿôҸɵ
ȣϲͷˣ֪ղΧתһȦڸʲô𣿾ԲѰܵΧµķտռ󷨣ңǳȥġ
ҶεĻǳһ£ԷȻдǾ˵Էһսİյġ


1293 ˵ļƻ
ʶܱ߿һ£ҶԷ飬ܱѾ˼Ϊ̵ķ󷨣ҪͻЩ󷨻̫ѣɹؼǶһǳµĶ֡
ͬҶ˵ѶָɵҪӷгȥǾѰ·
ٺٺ٣ҶΣⲻѰ·ôѵжԸ𻷵ֶΣ˵ţᵯһ𻷣
ҶҡҡͷҲ֪ôģȻҲûжԸİ취ֻ㹻ˡ
òһºģ²ҪġҶ˵⻰ʱǾû°ĻأǾһ̬ƣ뵽ĺȻЩˡ
תһ룬ԼͿԼ𻷣ƴѵ˶ֲɣ
ҶΣɱˣҪбɱľŪľУʵγھأȻҶھУǾͿ˭ܹߵóȥɡ
˵ţһ𻷣ʱ𻷱дȴ֣ǴСĴֻ
ҶΣĹܾܹ赲סһеĹκζܱסҶΣ޷𻷵ġţӼֱҪҧҶһ
ҶۿȻЦ˵˰죬ô֣ôҷ𻷹ЧܲΪʲôأ
˲ðɣãȻһҾͳȫ㣡˵꣬һ˦޴Ҷη˹
ǣ𻷺ХŷɹȥʱȻҶΪĵȻҶȫסˣ𻷶ʱʧȥĿ꣬ڰäĿš
ߣһףҵҪ㵽ʹöٻƼܣ˵ţٻأת𻷣е̱ԶԶӿĽ
ȻɢһӾˣڲµ֮ڣȻûҶεӰĿ֮տҲ
ҶΣͷڹ꣬Ķȥˣ㲻ҪҵôôԼ˰б³úøһ£ΪҾûа취ô㣬һ԰㾾
Щˣû뵽ҶξȻٿ𻷣ڷһ񵽴Ҵܣеǹ˼Ҷεأûа취
ԽԽ񣬸֮ľҲԽԽ
ȻоԼԺһ˿һ£ɰŻˣյĻ£ֻҶΣ
ţȻٻأת˰Ȧٻص𻷺ݺ˳ĵط
ǵһ֪ʲô˶ѵžһڰУһεεѪڰиֳ
Ц׼˵ѪԴͷһ˦֣˳ȥȥɣҶΣ㻹ܣ
ȻոհԳȥ͸оԼֲǱǯǯסһʶҪһ£ȴԼ˿޷Լ֡
ŴͣҪʱȴȻоԼ챻һ˿ĶסţһֻҲοס
Ҷιһǰһ˫۾ζ鿴
ʱðҪ̧ҶΣȴȻԼѾˡҶε˫ۣһڶж޷԰Ρ
Ȼ˵ʶȴǷʶ
ٺ٣ǿһҪʶиӡϿƵĳڣ㻹ôҶ˵
ʱ׹ߣԷǿȻʼδģ֪˸ԷĲ࣬ʲôˡ
Զ𻷣ʧȥĲٿأڰäĿķȥ·һûͷӬһײ嵽˷󷨵ĿƷΧڣײõ졣
ٺ٣ʧȥأٺõĳҲһҶε˵
֪ѾΪΪ⣬Ȼ֣Ҳûаˡ
ҶΣһ£Ұ𻷸㣬̸ٿصķһôͷųʶҶš
ҶЦɵ̫棿ѾסֻҪļˣѵҪ˷Ź㲻ɣ
ʱ֪ʲôҶˣҶҲûٸᣬǿʶ˲ӿʶУ˳۵ļͱһ£Ų˳۵ģϾɾ
һ˿ϣʶҶΣŹҰɣѾҵıʶˣֻҪ𻷾ͻᱬըʲôҲòֻҪңҾа취𻷱ģôĳǲϰ
ҶĻ԰ĵˣ˵û˭ܱʹɱġǰ𻷵ᣬҲϧ
˵꣬ҶθͲĿధ󣬿ʼģļ䣬ͬʱѿĶȫɾ
ͻȻһμҶεע⣬йһƻϸݡƻżˣضĿĵġ
ƻͲĸִӣչģĽ˵ļƻ
һʱǵᱻ͸©ǵֹиĻôͲ;ǹĸ֡ҲͽΪʲôϣͲ켶ı̬֡
ǵĸûйԮǾ˵ǵûеģһļƻ
ƻ̫ˣһĳֻװǵˣȥϵˡȻҽ˵ǺǷף˵ѣһϸǿ룬ﵽסǵĿġ
ҶοЩɵ亹ֱðİƻʵʩˣϵ˿ɾǰٿĪˡ
һƻ֮ߣ壬ǵ˻⡣ν˵ѾͳˣѣһкܺõĽڽǡ
ֻҪǺˣǾ޷һ˵ĿˡѣοһЩԤı
ҶδŭջԼʶһְѾûʶ𻷺ݺȥ
һ죬˫˫ըըǳ֮ڰҶµķ󷨶ˡ


1294 
һҶα˾ԼҪϽϻǣ˵ϳڣ϶Ӱ쵽δˡ
뵽Ҷη׷˻ڸƹȵһˡ
ҶβûиԼ֪һУ͸򺮣Ѿû̫Ļˣһ˾شʱҲᵽˡ
Ҷ򺮣ҪվȽŸҪԼȹ̶ǿ¾һ׳ԼĻᣬǾˣ뵽Լ£׳Լʵ
΢һ£ͬҶε뷨Ϊһһ棬ʵǵʮѾûбѡˡ
һѡվĴ󱳾ˣҲһĴƲѾǰ϶ˡҪôվһһ棬Ҫôվһ棬ֻܶѡһûбѡ
˵ʵڵģֳʵ򺮸о˭Ҳﲻûм飬ȴۼʶ
һôţȴҶθʰˡ˫ĺţ˶̫ˣǵܹԵġ
ߵǣǵ˾ɴСǸСҪǲܵ顣ڣֻһ֮ѡһˡ
򺮺̵ܶʱѡˣɲһʱ嶯һǿḻʹô̵ʱھѡ
һ̫ԵѪֶζԸͬߡǾͺñǸһǺԲ⣬ǿǻҧ˵ġ
ˣԵúõöࡣ룬Ǹǵ˻ͬһΣֱԻĺߡ
Ҫģע⵽ҶεʵɲġǸ˭ʵԶǵһλģҶĳǿߺΣʱܹһǿԮһ׳Լʵ
𿴾Ƕ̶һת䣬ѾһжúףʹӦҶε顣
Ҷδȸϵ˳ƹȣ򺮶һжˣѴⶼϸˡ
Ҷϣϵܹӵ򺮣򺮵쵼¿һ˵
κϪΪˣڶѾǵˣܹĻᣬȻæͬˡ
Ҷε£򺮺κϪ˫˽ѺõĴ̡
ҪɾһҪеľװⷽ棬Ҷοױȵľ飬ӵĽ貢ڱڽֻҪ˺õĴͷˣǾһӦƼĳ档
Ҷν飬򺮳Լıؾ֮⣬Ҫ֯һ˵ľӣǸضڷż˵Ļһ㣬ܰ˴󲿷
Ϊȷϵ˶ټͳǣκϪƾԼȥϵˣ˶ټͳǡ
ټͳǷչ׳Ĺģ˵ǵһ壬ֻҪ󲿶ӣ޷ټͳǿġ
뷨кǿĿɲԣ򺮺κϪʾӵҶε뷨
㶨ˣҶһЩ顣򺮺κϪҶŷľ⣬ЩһЩ󣬶ʾҪᶨִС
ЭҶѾͣˣҪϽϻصȥһǵˣҶһоûκεˡ
ҶδǱ򺮺κϪԾǵķ򼲳۶ȥۼϤԽԽҶЩֵĸо
ô˵ܹҶļҵĸоۿԽԽҶκȻ뵽һ⣬ǾҪʲôط䡣
ڵǣƱһżҪ˵ǷলľԱҲǽС΢úܡʱóóȻȥǵĸ߲㣬˻ȡҵֶζԸǣЧǺܺá
ǵΪӦǰ͵Ϯǵ˸õȷ֤ݣܹŷǣʵ̫ˣ͵Ϯ˻Ǳأ
Ҷη˷еٶȣϸֵĿԡҶΰԼߣһȺʵܸߵĸ͵͵Ǳ뵽ǡ
УǿߵϢܹϵĸַܹ֪롣
뷨ǵĵ½صͺȷˡ½ĵطܹԴߵϢиܺõЧС
ҶϸڷĵصһһɸѡҶΪѵĵ½ص㣬ӦһΪʡ
һɽʮֻԾһƬǷԲǻԾĻɽ緢ĻɽȪ
ҲΪ⻷ŵǶ顣Ҫ˴طѡ룬ǲõġ
뵽Ҷεķڵλ÷˹ȥԶԶأҶοһƬüľ޴ΧĻɽΪ𺳵ĳ档
ڣҶζʱоʮַӵԼڿ񱩵УҶŬԼ壬ûбߡ
Ҷ֪ڰпɲ̫ͣã治֪ᷢʲô顣Ҷο׼һطһ壬Ӳؽ䵽˵֮ϡ
ͷʶ̽ûõģΧͷų̫ǵص׵ĿЩڵرγ˼Ϊӵĸţʶͷųȥ̽鲻ʲô
Ҷξֻ۹۲ΧһУСڵķȥ
ܿ죬Ҷξ͵ڣһƬΪӵĻĳڣֻҪܹĵؽˡ
ۿŸ߸ߵھǰҶ˳ǰߣϾǶҶ˵ǸǣƵĵطֻҪڣܹˡ
ȻҶҪԽڵʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ͨĵطͻأʮˡ
ЩȻûд£ҶԸоЩ˵ĽƺΪϰ߸һģһҶб۾ЩˣЩ˵ʵֱǾ˵ǿ󣬿˵ûһӹ֡
Щ˱˴˼ʮĬƶҶγ˼л֮ơ
ҶЦǹɻµİ·ûдˣǵļƻҪðϮôǵװҲǰ
Ҷ⻰ȫʧɫ
Ҫ֪ǵжɶʮֻܵжû뵽ʺĵطȻһ͵ǵ
ǺǣˣҶΣɱ֡ǵУʵȻ㲻϶ģǵֶμΪ⣬ɱ˵ʵ˵еģЩӽġ
һţļΪʵģӶҶεЦ


1295 ޳ܵΧ
ٺ٣ҶΣܱǸǲòΣҪΧŹ㣬˭ûаաŵĺӺ߳ܵİ⻰˵Χ˾ȻûһԵġ
ҶοԿóŵĺӲΨһָߣ⻹һü׵ߺһһļһܹͬ˵зˡ
ҶЦ㻹ǹ޳ܣôϲ̨ĻҲ˵ֱ׳
ҶΣ˵£ǵ÷ּʲôʲô顣Ҷεǰð֣־ͻһֵáҿǸҾ֪һﲻգȣˣҿɲ벽ĺ󳾡
Ǹ뷢׵ЦҶΣСĳŵ괬㲻᲻װɣǵĸ֮ʲôֶΣֻҪܹ㣬ǾǶһĹס˭Ҳ˵Զ٣෴ģǵĹ»ᱻԶסġ
ҶεЦҶĳ²֮ʡɱǻ֪ɱ˭
źӹЦҶΣʱ򻹸Ҵţɱǣ˵ΰɣҲ޷Ǯbλǳ꣬λСôзҲҶΣ֮˵Ļֵܣ
һ˵ңǮbмз湥ΧӦҼסһǳΣգǧҪе˼룬Ҫܹµ뷨СģЩ˱һּҲҪһ
Ǯb¶˵ЦݣҶΣ֪Ҫһ򾡣û뵽ǻ¶Ϻְɣ·㲻ߣƫٺ٣Ҳˣȭ
˵ţǮbһȭֱҶεؿڴ˹ʱҶθоһɾǮbȭͷԼؿӿ
ǮbûʹιĴ幥ҲʮֺˣҶζʱоһͣǮbȭĿӿȻӰ쵽Ҷεĺ
ԣǮbԭʼҰԿҶΣΪԼһҶδ
ǮbٴγҶȻԼȭԻػһ̬ȣ֪ôģоԵʵңȴܹ֮ǰƴ㣡
ڶεȭײǮb˳ȥľԶˣҶλǱֲ䡣
⵹˵˵ʵ仯ˣʵЩһζײǮbԿȵڶμҶײΪһεĳԿӣԵǮbȵһθӳԿ
зΣϽ˫˵״һǰһһһ£Ҷλ˹
ܼзĹֻϸ΢ƿҶλǾ쵽˼зĽһҲǮbĲΪҶѾозƵԵһ޼᲻ݵĵĸо
ҶθоУзƵͷų⵶о˿ѷɫ޼᲻ݵƣҶεĺܴѹȸС
ҶһƣʱҶεγһһ߶೤֣ҶλУзƵҶε֣ȻϰĽ֮
зʱȥʮԶ
ϽԼĽŲű˿ˤͷ֡
ʱ򣬳ץס˻ᣬҶθǮbͼзνֵĿ϶Ȼһȣ˫ƽƳʱ˫֮ǰӿֳϼ⣬ϼڰȻ仯һУҶε
ڶιҶεַ˼ҵĶײιһǣҶεҲһ˿˿ҡ
зΣϽԼϢ˫ֲϼᷨӡȻҶһʱ಻ĵâҶι
ҶαͼзйǮbȻҲ˷ΧҶεĻᣬһԼ䵽˫ۣһһǵȭųͼзļ϶Ҷκȥ
Ѫ
Ҷεұϣ貵ĺ⣬óѪ꣬Ѫ֮УһͷȻǮb˹ȥ
һԵĳͼзҶγֵʱϮû뵽ҶξȻѡļֶΣ
ʮָһָ˭׵ĵҶƴҲҪȷϵһͻԳϵսֲԶӰ졣
ģڳͼзͷͲˡҪ֪ԼҪһǿɲǵʧһԼ˵ľʿһ޴Ĵ
뵽˷׷װԼķıˣȫҶηιǮbĸˣҲ쵽ԣ׷׳֣ǮbֿҶεĹ
һʱ䣬ɫڰнӳһ𣬾һıըеιȫΪײ˼ҵıը
ըĳе˶վȣ׷׺ˣЩʵԲˣֱӾͷ˳ȥˤ䵽£
ٿҶΣļҵײ͸оԼѪӿڣ޷ƽϢؿڵķơ
ҵģǮbôҲû뵽ҶλڱΧ֮£ȻԼķԼҪԼһ
ǮbǴҶѪ棬еĴ󲿷Ǯbе


1296 ĳս
ըǮbȻûбſ£ǮbԸоԼ壬ûһطۡ
ǮbϵͨѶװ˴ʣʲô
óǮb˵ҪԶǮbҪߡ
Էкָ˳˵ѵص㣬˶ѾжˣʱֳôĶӰ쵽ļƻġ
ͨѶǮbϽƽڵ飬ͬʱҪϧһд۱ڵİȫ򣬳飬ҪǮbʡ
ҶΰһжЦѽЩżˣҪҰƽа
Ǯbһ˿⣬ͼзҶղͷѾ˱ıʱˡ
뵽ǮbХһϵĸı򷨣һȺҪսپ
꣬зǸԴΪһС飬ַҶһȡ̵ʱڸ㶨зϣҵһ¡
Ǯbİţͼзû飬ΪҲ֪ǮbղҶһѪˡ
зѡ˵һ֣˫زĦأĦһĻ𻨡
ٺ٣ҶΣбղҾͲˣ㻹ϷǿĹֵǣһ֣
˵ţз˫ббնʱŻĵâҶն˹ȥͬʱзˣҲ׷׳֣һ貵ιҶιȥʱҶε£ȫЩסˡ
ҶʵԼзЩ˽лģɶԷעʮּеĹʱзԷ㹻ʱ䷴ӦӲǶġ
һԼĹĳǮbȻлϼзԼιͲȡ̫õĽֻǰװ
ղЩҪҶΣˣǮbҪϿսҶξͲżˣڣҲһ¶Էˡ
뵽ҶΰһƣҶεʱγһ߶೤֡
˵ľģҪƴʵƷʵġҶΰڳһϷصļƣʵжԷҾǹˣô죿
зۼԼ˫ƷĵâϷιͻƲҶֵķأɵð
ȻСΧҶΣǣзҲ֪ڵֹۣǮbҪʱָҪʱעЭҶٴγֹעһĲ
ҪǲóţҪʱҶεĲ򷨣ԼҪȱ
뵽зһֵǳţǣסҶһ
˵꣬з˫ֳأǰȦתʱ䣬ڼзǰγһʵ㡣
зȻһץʵץסʱ򣬼зȫϵĺˮҲ¡

з˳ĵͺ͵ǰһ˦һҧʵХҶηɱȥ
ࣵһз˦ʵ㣬Ҷε֣ʱǸʵ㷢˲ֱӵ貵ĹâһǸ㱬ըˣǣըķɢֱҶ֣
ʱҶξ͸оԼ־һˮͶŽһŻȵһ˾ҵ𵴡
Ҷͷһݣзһӣȴû뵽зȻĹֶΣ
ӦרһϮֶΣҶβҴ⣬ϽٿԼʶܲ䵽С
ܵĲ£ҶεֽȶзһˣۿһֵĹûʲôЧˡ
ǮbûǰֵҶӲӲóҶԼǰ˴ָ
һ˽żз˵ĹͷҶΣǮbҶαϣɭɭһЦִӴָͳһɫСӣҶεš
ţǮbһ
Ҷһ㿪Сӡ
ǣСӾȻӰһҶΡƾҶʼֶҶεԴȻСų߲ʵĹâÿһâǽ˸һգ۵ʱͱó˱ɫ
һʱ䣬Ҷε۾ﶼıõɫʣ޷۲쵽Ρ
ҶδмĿ˵ǮbѵĹ⼿һô
ǮbЦٺ٣ҶΣѵ㲻֪ϣеʷʤдôֶβʣֶΪıʷһμأҶΣ߲Źζܰɣҿû˺õӾʲôǶ
ǮbЦŽ˫ֵǰʱǮb˫ּ両ֳһɻǮbҶ߲ŹﲻŤͷϵЦŨͼзʹ˸ɫֻҶ΢¶һӽҶΡ
ȻҶκЩ߲ܲŹĲ䣬Ҷε忪ʼЩģϵ֣ҲЩˡ
Ǯbüֵ֣ǣҶѾ߲Źܲˣһ𷢶СӸ׽


1297 Ŀ
зղŴһԼľѧȻǲ٣Ǯbô˵֪ŬʱˡҲ˲Լжôƣͣȫע˫۵С
ʱз˫˸õĹâżзĲϴ߶˫ǵԭʮĹâǷ·ҪըһżзһҰް˻𣬴˫ϣʵʻһĵ棬Ҷն˹
ͬʱзĸˣҲзһеȫ˳żз˫УһҶ
ڼзб򣬳Ҳһ𣬰ѸеȫҶηĹ
ΨǮbǸյļһ֪ҶλھҪзͳģҶĴʱǮbٸһʱҶξл֮ҲҪͽ̾κˡ
ۿҶȻֻƻ壬ǣַڼзͳļй֮Ѹ˥
зĵ滹δӽҶߵ֣ʵʸһ˫Ѿһɾͻֵķ˫޼᲻ݵĸоֱҪİҶ룡
һˣļγɵιѾҶεѹ˼ޣۿţҶʥ׹âһˣһ˵ĹҪݵҶεˣ
ǮbиֳһĨ̵ЦݣȻһҲԼĵ˺õޱͷų
Ǯb˫ǰһ˫ʵʻȭͷƺǿ֧ŵҶ˹ȥǮbۼˣҲԥԼǿĹʹ˳
һʱ䣬СĿռݺأеĿȫָһĿ꣬ǾҶΣ
ǮbΪüƵʱȻ˱񱩵Ҷηһ֮ܣң
䣬ϴ˸OO@@˾ޱȵط֣ӵϸһĻЩΧҶε״ҪҶϵιȫһһ忪
ǣһһιûҪ֪ԪؿΪصԪأκο񱩵Ԫǰֻͽ̾κΣǿһܰѻըɣǣҲըɻʱĴˡ
Щһֱӱһӿ͸ֱûˡ

ҶεһŭߵĻɢ䣬ҶζǮbһȵ֮ľܣƣ
ˢһǮbʱԼһۿԼ屻̵סˡ
Ǯbʶһ£ǣսоһʹǮbʹϵڵء
ҶζǮbʹƣקͨԵ˼з
Ҫ֪УзģҶ˼зҲȽһĶֵͼġ
Ǯbͳô֪ͼأǮbƣۿŰﲻæһԾڰжҶεԴһơ
ǵ͵ΧκԣҶҪǻһȥзôһƿ϶ǺĻҶεԴϡ
˭֪ҶͻȻԼӲͣǰƽƣֵסзĹƣקͨԵ̼УҶݺһ˦
ն
Ҷεıȣ˵һŰ׵ĹâЮ֮£һͨԵм
ɲͨιһʶȥѰҹĿġ鼤ͨԵһŤֹȥ
û뵽ҶܹѸݷôǿĹҪ֪ҶεǼзҪô̵ʱתĿͷ򣬻ʹõУڳʶǸܵģ
ôʵķˣۼצ˵̫ݣҪѾˡ
æ֮У˫һ𣬶ʱԼ˫֮ϸֳһˮ״һʡųһȣˮ״壬̼ڳ˫һˮ顣
ų겻ϴ߶Щˮۿɼٶһ
һݺײ˳˫۵ļ֮ϡ
ǲ
˫ϵļ۳һ䣬ڰзĹʣɷǺÿЩΪ걻ɨУʱ屻նΡ
۾ɵĴģֱԼնΣ۾Լ°ٷɳȥʱ򣬳궼ִǾǷɳȥ岻Լġ
䡭
һǰһ䣬ϼһ˫ĿԲôеĿĸо
ʱǮbѾĲƣĲʱ׶һʹ
ҶΣҸƴˣ첻Ǯbһ߽ţһ߿ʼٿǸСӣҶν߲Źĸš
Ǯbʱ򣬻˵ݻľ棬ǳ㻹Ϊ߲ŹӰôҪƭǳ֣һװӰô
ҶεĻ̼ǮbЩڲˣҶΣб߲ŹⰡ߲ŹǿսʿҲܵӰģʲôܹӰ죿
ߣǲײĲᣬˣ֮ƼܣڣҶռһɲѲãʹֻʹԼ鷳
һΰСӸסʱСӵ߲ŹҲͷŲˡ
Ǯbʱ£ٻСӣȴûа취ٻǮbָҶ˵һУԭƺõģװ߲ܵŹӰ죬ǳ֣ĵĲʱٳֶԸǣҶΣ̫ˣ
˵ϣеʷʤдģֶλʣֶΪıʷһμأ⻰ô
ǮbʱΪ֮⻰ԼոոҶ˵İû뵽ôͱҶθԭͻˣ
ҶΣȥзҲǹΪ֮İɣзӣʵĿǳ꣡û뵽ӢһȴС˵
óǮbЩߵӡҶЦǵʲôͲҶ˵˰ɣǣһҲΪǮbģͼзһȥųģŻȪ·ϣǲįģ
˵ţҶǮbһȭ
ȻǮbоǱסһȻ޿ɶ㣡ǮbһҧһȭҶζԺһ¡


1298 
䣡
ҵĶȭ֮󣬾°͸°͵ϣǮbұۣȻҶ͵ȭȫˣ
ǮbҶϷ˼зߣһȭѼзŵˡ
⵹˵зսУΪղŶԸҶεʱ򱾾ĹޣټҶһն˳꣬зѾױˡ
ԣҶ˹ʱ򣬼зֿ£ͱҶεѹסҶȭͰѼзסˡ
ҶתͷۿǮbײײ˺󣬲ûмǰһַ·ܹĵ׵ĿǮb
Ǯbϳ鴤һ£֪ڵľ棬ѾҶεƿ֮УԼЩ˵ȫҪԷɫˡ
ҶΣʹİɣҳûŻȥǮbɭȻ˵
һǮbҲӡ
·ܻشһЩҸȤ⣬һῼȥġҶ˵
Ǯb촽һ£˵ҶΣͱˣǮbˣΨѣҵķ񣡡
ҶЦһǮb˵ôҿⶫȫԺѳҪĶһֵô
һҶϵ첲ɱǮbʱҲˣʹԼԷܹҪϢ
ɣ㻹ôֵܣ㲻˵ѵһ˵ôֻҪ˵ˣҲ㣬Ҳ¶ˡң˵Ǿ㻰ġҶμǮbĶߣ˵
Ǯbһҧ˫һ˵ðɣҶΣ֪ʲôܿʰɡҪҵֵܣҾһҪ
ûǮb˵꣬ٵƿҶû뵽оĸַٿңԷּΪ˦һֱӲǮbĺλá
Ҷοһ׻λεĶ㵽ǮbĺλãҶ־ץҪ
˭֪ҶεⶫⶫϾͱѣҶץס˴󲿷ֵƬмƬû뵽Ǯb
ֱӻ࣬ûϢûаʹ࣡Ǯbȥգ۾û
ҶζȻоһɽһӱԼϽҲһȭ
ǣ
·һҶξ͸оԼ岻ȣһʮſվס
ǸгֵˣҲʮͣ
һ֮£˫Ȼеȭͷ϶ʹĸо
ӱϿҶδ·磬ʵȻΪǴӱ֣͵ϮҶβִٳ֣תӭûаԼȫӳԲŻ˶˺Щ
һϽ·԰׵һ־Ը߸ϵ飬ͷ·綼һ
ҶοˣֿǮbʬ壬һ˵ѵ㲻ôѵܹ˵ɱɱô
ƳһǮb˵ҳϵˣȻ࿴Ƕͽֻһ֣Ǿɱ
˵ţкһɨһۡɱ·Щ˶ͽӦñɱ
Ҷˣ˾ͨĸǮbǸˡҲ˵ִָţҲˡ
Ͽ˵ݱȲҪߡһֻǴϽߵĻ£ȫϽƣ˵ٱȲҪ߳һȼ
ߣѵðôһļƻȻĳǲ֪ĳֲֵǮˣǳԽԽûеˣ
ҶεļöԷЩѿġϾΪ֣ɻľǸʲôıϵһ𣬼ļıͨҲ֣֮Լȥġ
ΪžԵʵܰа⵹һ棬ȻʵȥʲôıƣƾվǰԼ۸ˡ
俴һΧˣ̾˵еʱ˰²һͷ۵顣ͺѾǰҪˣȴǻƨˣζô
ҶεЦûܹ顣˳˵һ䣬ÿһıܹ˳˳ʵֵĻûþˡԣıУɹʱ̫ߡ
һЦָҶ˵һǵһֵۣȥô֮佲ûõİɣɱҵˣǲıҪİɣ
ҶεͷҲûŹ㣬첻֣Ҳǰ㾾ġѵǸıƣӴô
һЦҶΣֵû֡˵ʵҲϲıƣҾֻҪְǸƽˣʲô¶ûôǣò˵ţεĸо
Ҷһ˵ԼҲãҲãͱˣˣҲԶ޷ǣ
ϵɫסȡ֮ģȻַɫһҶ˹ÿһڵһĽӡ
ҶΣ֪ΪʲôôΪڸǮbͽʱ֣һ˶һֻ֡Ҫ㣬ҾͲ÷ʱȥЩˡңס㣬һôܹеԺ鰡
Ҷ΢΢һںӭսļƣЦͨ˵ܹ˸еԺ飬ҪƵĴۣḶʲôۣ
ۣҲҪۣΪͲҵĶ֣˵ţƮƮԼȭһ㣬Ҷδ
һȭƹž޲ʵȴɱءЩܹĶ֣Ҳ£ΪǰеȫһȭǰеȫѹԼұϣݳûһʵȴ
ֻҪ˺ʵʱȻȫͷųĻΪѾֵݵ˶ֵǰͷų˷ȫõֵϡ
֣Եĳ֣ҶβҵҲ䵽ұ۵Уͬ赭дһ˳ȥ
˵ȭͷûзκεһ𣬵ڽӴһ˲䣬ǲԼͬͬ°ɹұϵȻͷųȥ
ǲ
˶ȭĵطȻŷ޷ֱӵĹâͬõһȻ졣
ɲǼ䣬˶ȭĵطһֲĴӡΧʱɳʯЩԱ߹սˣƵ˰յУһֱɳȥٶɲˤ䵽¡


1299 Х׻
¶˲õЦݣҶ˵
˵ǵƮƮһȭ˹
Ҷһ߻һЦ˵˭Ҳ˲˭ǣ¿Ǿܲ𰡡ٶԼȭ¾Ҫˡ
ǲ
κһڽӴеĳը˸˺ʮɣǱըĳȴЩ˵˷׷׿Ѫۼžͻˡ
ߣһȺѣٶ۵ģҶΣֻҪܹŪǧأ
ϸֳһĨȵ飬ƺǸҶζȭ񫣬ˣٹٱˣ˷ִ˲ƣһ
һδοֲɢ˵ļзҲȥˡ
˵䣬Ѿ˰ȭҵײҵĳΧɵķΧȫ¶ʯƽء
ٴηֿ¶׽ЦݣҶΣǿǣҵ£Ǵ׵ĸ򡣡
˵ţ˫ǰһʱ˫֮両ֳһһš
ҶΣ㿪۽磬ʲôǳĹ˵ţ˫Ȼһ˫ּ䣬һŶȻԽԽŨͺһΧȫȥ
ģһŹҶξط֣㾹Ȼһ˫Բ۾
˫۾ĸ֣۾Χһͷ­״γɣ󣬾Ȼһĺڰ׻ƵĻͷ
ͷһ죬һţγɡһֻͨڰ׻Ƶϻ˫˳ӭǣһֱǵɶ೤ͣ
ҶΣ֪ʲôôХ׻ܹʹĹһҫֻܹХ׻ģȫˣ֪ǣХ׻ǰֶ֧ãϣܹһǧҪʧӴ
ڿЦУһֽУʱХ׻Ҷһ˻
Ҷξ͸оһȻؼޱѹԼֹ˻𣬾ԿԺκһϹϣܹѰһдڸѹ塣
ء
ͬһ쳹صŭ𣬴Ҷε﷢еХ׻󣬿̺Ȼַ֮ȴѹХ׻һͷ
ңҶεһӲɽ㾭ò˥֮£ĪĪҳ
Х׻ĺһѹʱʧ˲СҶ̲סһĬĬ
ֵʧɫˣŵ۹⿴Ҷ˵㣬㡭㾹ȻĴУһСˡ
ҶεʶУһ˫۾ˣҶʶ˫۾µĳ˯ꡣ

ҶβԾͺͺȫХ׻档ûԣ˼̫ˣöԶ㣬Ȼᵹùģ
Х׻ҲϵĳףһҶʾ幪һţҶҲͳ˼ҲǺȷǣҲ㣬ʹ򣬵ùĲһ˭ء
ҶκХ׻ţͣƶ壬֪˴˵ҲһĻᣬԷһ
ʱҶθо΢һ£һģˣò˯ˣ
СѣСһϻ׶̳ĸսʿСһ뵽˳˯УҲ֪ôˣڿӦѵļˡ
Сͬǳ״ڣХ׻һȻַζХ׻ںϽһ£СѵȻͲˣ£䶼ģҪѵʱ򣬹Сһǵôմֲɡ
ҶһʱХ׻׼ᣬȻѹһŵֱһԾ˰գһͷҶ˹
֣ҶϾеļܼԻӦ
ʱҶλӳֱϣһ貵ĽȻ˰ֻӲӵצ˷Х׻ץȥ
Х׻û뵽ԷֶλӦѾˣҪչŲѾǲܵˡ
ɲǼ䣬ֻӲӵצѾХ׻ǰֻצХ׻ֻ֫צץХ׻˫ۺ˫ߡ
Х׻˻һ֫צ˻ѹԼ֫צķɣĴβ͵һɨѷߵצɣֻԼ۾צХ׻һ죬ǲһХ׻Ȼֻצҧˣ
Ҷξˣû뵽Х׻ȻôͣĹܣȻԷƽˣ
֮缼ܣ쫷أ
Ҷʳָָ죬ʩչеķ缼ܣʱҶεָϣһ˶ķγˣڷ۵ΧһȦȦ״쫷ȻƮɢȥ
Х׻ѾӽҶΣȴ쫷̼͸ȥˡХ׻䵽˵棬쫷紵һˣһֱ˵ߡ
𵭵ЦҶΣУѾȫˡʼʱһţҲɲҲˡ


1300 ޸
ҶָţЦ˵ҲеϧХ׻ЩͣȻֻܹ֣ϧ㲢ûлĴУȻ֮䵹ǿԺúƴһ¡
ֳ︡һ飬Ҷ˴ָ
ҶΣѹΪĸ󻼣ȻʶХ׻׽ģҰǿƵҵУһﾹȻԼָܲĨˣҲֻˡȷʵǿϧȻһܴƴοƽ
ߣΪԼǿʵһУХ׻һӣ԰ȴΪǰеĴڶǿȨġҶԴ˵
𵭵ЦŶΪļܣܹˣܹХ׻Ҳһܰеĸɵ
˵ţȻҽ̧ڵϺݺһ壡
ʱҶξ͸оĵ涼һΣٿߵХ׻ͬɽһվ쫷紵ǵϣûκεһ
һŵʱ򣬼ԼڵЩѸٺΧɽںϣ͵ɽΪһ壬˵쫷ˣɽҲ֡
ۼ缼ûãҶҲ˷缼ܡ
ЦһХ׻Դһ£ʱХ׻иֳһɴŵĺâХ׻Ȼһ࣬һΧɽҪ𶯡
ʲôʲôò˯ˣӳУһСԴ˳óСһջ𣺡֪֪˯Ǻûĵģ˭˭ϹлҲ˯վ
Ҷϲ֣û뵽Сѻؼʱѹ
СһתͷӴХ׻
ССצһָ̧Х׻˵ιèղҽеİɣ֪˯ô֪˸˯Ƕôصĺô
Х׻Сһ˵Ȼһ۾ǽ䱸ɫ
֪ʱҪʹֶεĻХ׻ҪСѸסˡ뵽һ絽Х׻󣬶Х׻ĺ󱳻һơ
Х׻쳤Х۾еƺŨˣһХ׻еĺѺâڸסˡ

Х׻һֻצӱСѾ˹
èлŻ绹㣬ҶԸ綯֣Ҫǲѵѵ㣬ûˣ
С˵ţ΢΢һ࣬Ѿ㿪Х׻˻Ȼһ壬ɱСײ˶Х׻򢡣
ǵһХ׻ӴȻСһӸײˣ
Х׻֮幾һһŤβʹżƿСѾɨ˹
Сһ죬Х׻βҧסŹСק
Х׻İһ֫צҵߣŰβ͸קǣСѵצѾ뵽ʯϣХ׻ק֮£ȻԼβ͸קˡ
Сûʣȫʹ˳ΪХ׻βͶˣСѶʱקûƺһɣʱˤ˸ȳ죡
ء
СһĺСҧгХ׻˹ȥ
Х׻ûƣʱȻ뵽һˣǾޱǿĶֵʱ򣬻һĵ״̬
ԣХ׻û˵ֿ־СԼ
𡭡
ųǰСҲ֪ô˺ҧģХ׻һȻﾹȻ˺һڿȥ
ôХ׻ȥСѵСҲ΢΢治֪ʲôġ
Ϳһеķûκεı顣
ȻԼĴָͳһɭɭĴӣСѾ˳ȥ
ɭɭĴӭǣСѾ˹ȥ
Ҷδ󺧣ΪȽѱʦĹҶ֪кܶר޵ĳôҲ޷еùרΪ೬
׳ӣԾרܹ޵ĳͨĶѳסȻʹѳѱ
СԸоӵΣգתҶܡ
СܵҲûõģ޸ϢһֱסŻݣСԹԣʵʵ߰ɡ
Ҷĸ޸ӽСѣżٷ޸һȭ
Ѫ
Ҷ֪СҪûиоرΣգǲԼܵġԣҶΪ޸ʹС
˭֪Ѫɵľ޴ͷ޸֮󣬾Ȼֻ΢΢һ𣬾͸оһȭ޻һ
޸ޱȵĲʣܿͰѪľ޴жŲΡΡСѡ
ҶΣûõģ޸Ĳʿ͵ĲƳɵģκθ͵Ĺ˵ûЧġС޳豻ץҵǰɣ
ĿЦУ޸գۼͷɵСѵߣͼ޸Ȼ䱩ǳɼɳĳ̣Сѵ߲һ˲սСѱ޸סˣ
Ҷδ󺧣ȥһקסСѣ˫޸һ֣˫һϾһҪ޸קϡ
ǣ޸ʵ̫ˣҶε֮£޸˿ֲޱɾ޷ϣ


1301 ֮
𿴵Ҷ޸첱Ӵֵӣ̲סָҶιЦҶΣûõģ˵ˣˣҲ޷ⶫϡЦܹס״ڵĶ˵ϾͳϵôСҹɣ
ٻ޸ɢŰ׵ĹâڲųƮȥͼ
Ҷδһ˫Ȼһ壬ʱҶε˫ֱûϥ嵽ʯϣҶקס޸Сѱ޸Ǳȥ
ۼͨ޷ק޸Ҷʹеĸּܣܲܰ޸𻵡ǣҶ˰죬еԪؼܶˣ޷ƻ޸
˫ֱأ⿴һУٺЦҶΣ׵һ㶼ԪؼܣҪ޸ûеԪؼܵĵ̣ͱ޸ˣֵõ飿㻹İɡ
˵䣬Сϵ޸ԽԽСѸ磬ܲˣⶫ̫аˣҪιȥĸо
ûҶ˵Щֻ˵Ͷˣ޸ɲһĳܹѹȵĳҪǽס޵壬޷ѱ޵ġ
СӣҶ۵ᶼˡһ£ҶḧһСѣС˵СѰȻһʹһЩֶΣоۣһºô
С˵Щˣҧ˵磬û£ʲôֶξãܹ֡
Ҷεͷ΢΢۾ԼȫʶڲѰڸ¶սʱҶΰ֮ȫõˡ
ڽһʱҶεڲ˼˿֮ܣǳ֮ϡڸ֮У޷׽ۼ
ڣΨһϣ֮ˣֻܹͻһз֮ܣܹƽСϵ޸
Ҷޱǿʶ˲ɨԼȫȫĸҶΰܹ׽֮ܣȫһ
һѰ֮Ҷλһ֮ܡ
֮ܣ֮𣡡Ҷΰһ˿˿֮ȫõ˴߶ˡ
ʱһɼ͸ĻҶεָеСѵϡС˳ֵ˼׼ǸеһɼҪջĸо
͵һǸޱȼ͵޸Ȼ͸һĻбճ˻ҽƮɢڿС
۾ʱɵøһС˵ЩͰˣ⣬⡭ôܣҶΣ㣬㡭õʲôֶΣ
Ҷûд𣬶ḧֱеСѣСѹ԰޲ޣһ¾ͺˡ
ҿҶ׶˲䣬˲ٵĵҩжСҩȻҶҲֻܸɵû취
Сѱҩ֮˺ܶ࣬СѳҶҶҲֻ簮ĲϸСѡ
Ҷɨһ𣬶С˵Сѹ԰ȷŵУȸʰˣٰų
СѺ޺޿һ˵磬ҷŵУҾ￴ţһﺣһͨҲŽޡ
ҶЦŰСѷŵ˵棬תɫʮϾ
죬עڣŴӴԺҲֻǱ˵˵ˡҶκޱ˵
ҶΣΪƾŹֶλٵ޸ܹװһɱˣ˵ΣҶΣʶһʵɣ
˵ţȻһϵĳ£¶˹ͭɫĳϰ쳤ХԼȫͼ𳤷޷ԶһɹɿֲĿ
ſԽԽʢһ㵭ɫʥԡ
Ȼ建뿪˵档ʮɸߵʱֹͣסԡޱȲõĽ⣬ͻһһ
Ҷһüͷӣ϶ѰֶΡҪƽʱҶλѡ۲ɸҶѾ˲ôˡ
ȷ˻ЧֶΣȵȷѣ»뵽ıС
׺棡ҶεŰеһȭʱҶεֱϱҰ׵Ĺââ˲ڰǧǧ꣬ǵȥ
ȻƺƴڴϵĲӲӽʱȴͬ˺һ̼ˣûа췢ʧˣ
Ҷβɵͷһǵһ
ն
ۼιûãҶϰͨԵٴקУ˳
ȻޱȰԵ飬ȻϵĽʮּɵȥ
ҶЩˣʶٿȥ
һӴϵĽ⣬ϷһĲҺϵͷͷɻصͨԵ֮С
𻺻濪˫ۣŹЦ˵ҶΣôݣҲһˣϵĽ֪ʲôôİǿ߲лγɵġڣҶȻûаȴŰ壬ҶΣ㻹аô
ҶζٸͷּĻԲǿŵĽе飡ϣܸǰһϵģǾ쳹صĴڣ
ͣȻܹҵĲл꣬ˣ
Ҫ֪һΪĴڣǵǰĻǣں˵黹ǿ߻ǶɵһΪĴڡ
һ˵Ļ˴˼ȡ̣ЭǲܵѹƵģոյ˼ΪصѹƣԼĲٿ£ǿйԷȴⴥһ¾Ǳӻء
˵֮ϣͿӵԼķڷǰֻܹ֮ͻƣʲôǸơ
ڸղţҶΰڵһЩ֮ܵӶõƽ޸棬ѾûܹͻƷ֮ˡֵľ棬Ҷһʱ䲻֪Ǻˡ
ҶΣǲֺĸоҪûмˢӣԸһҪͷ۵ôҶΣǺú棡
˵ţ̧նҶӡ
ʱڰиֳһм䷿ݴСĽӲӵƣסҶΧԲʮɵķΧͼֻÿһƶôɽһҶκݺ
ʱҶξ͸оԼĺһͣؿڷƵüŻ
ɫľƣʹշ·ɢһĩһĹܾ


1302 
ǣ
Ҷαɫľƺݺĵ˵棬ƻҶȫĽʯ
˭˭ҶαˣҶΣ㲻Ǻ޵ôڣĶȥˣĶȥˣ͵ľ־Ķȥˣ
Цѣ̧𣬿ǶʯеҶΣжˬˡ
СѿҶǱϽܵҶεߣ̧ͷ𺰵ιô񰡣иڣ˭ҲҸ硣
ӵĿСһۣߵС㣬㻹ԼɸˣҪѱ㣬ҿ㣬ڣ޸ѾˣҲѱ㣬ȻҵòǾͰ˰ɣ
˵ѽɫһᣬݺС
ҶοСѻȥ˺ҧϽʯбĳһΣգͰСѱ˻Ӳһ¡
䣡
ҶٴαĽʯ
ٴ̧ƣʯеҶιЦҶΣԼסԼˣǸС֣ͦصİǺãҾͿֵܼʲôʱ򡣡
˵ţһһýɫľĻŵ棬ҶҲľһ䡣
ľڵĻһＸɣԲʮɵһھ޾ҪǣĹҶεķԵúܲ԰ף𲻾Ҷεκηģʽ
깥Ǹּܣڸոʩչʱ򣬾ͱһ£ңҶΪǿȻܹ֤Լ岻ãȴ𹥻ʱǸоһ׶ĵʹ
ٴ¾ƵʱҶΰѻСѳžƻδʱʹһӣСѿܣ㲻Ķ֣Ⱥúó˻籨𣡡
ɲҶξý׶༪٣ҪСѶ㿪ΣյĵطСҲǸļһ϶ǲ뿪Ҷεġ
Ҷ˵Си룬һָܿȻ¸һȥڸҶ׼ƴˡ
оҶηŭ˼㣬裬ҶεľУûгֹĿͺݶ׵ĵȼҶεŭ
ȵٴƵʱҶȻһ˫Ͼ٣һٻļƺݺӭľơ
ʱҶε˫֮ϣ׶Ĵ̹ǰʹҶҧأȫʹͦʹԼסơ
ǡ
εĽ·ļµҶεһ䣬һֱûϥˡ
ҶΣֵͦģȻܹâ֮¼ټһʹóֶΣûһֵܹʮʱ䣬һҪú氡
Ҷ沿ŤĺˮСϪһʡҶΰʶ˲鲼Լʶ£ҶΰеȫĽɫƶԿ
һʱ䣬Ҷȫƣɫ⻪ɽ
ЦҶΣԶԶԣţ㲻һˣôţķǰƨǣ
˵ţԼݺѹһҶΡ
Ҷξ͸оԼȻһѾû뵽ʯˡҶǿһ˫һϾһ٣ʱľ˼֡
ʲôлΪԼˣͬˣѪ֮ˣֶΣǣҲܹװŪѣ
ʱŭû뵽ҶηǵССһ£һԼĳЦ
ҶΣҿӲܵʲôʱâĹڰɣȥɣһĵׯصӣȻ߶Լ̼䣬ľƽʢһƿһĸоʱҶϡ
̵ĸоʮֹ죬ر۵ĸоĸָйٳٶۺʧȥãҶҪֵֿУȴ𽥵ģһֿ
ǵˣҶξ͸оɢһѹȫѹԼ統ˡ
ȻҶηһֵеѹ󣬾ҲӰˡиúܡ
ҶκȻףǲķƵģԼĶ磬Լ־ķ
֣ҶκȻһϲܹޱȿ񱩵ôͷųʹù˵ˣİˣһʹ⣡
ǷǳΣգΪ񱩵ǰ˫нܹݻٵˣҲܹݻġ
ҶԥʱȻһҶηȥʱ򣬷СѲ֪ʲôʱڵ˰գһڡ
ʱðɣǴһȴҧһڣһĶԸҶεʱȴ뱻һСҧһڡ
һҪ֪Լа֮â壬СܹҧԼһڣǿǾԲܺӵĴڰ
뵽ղҶСܣԺ󸴳һֲĸоʱͷ
ǾԲܺӵĳ״ڰķСһʱ̶׼ǿʳѰ
뵽׹һ̧ҷŹҶΣһվƣС˹ȥ
ҶοУȫϵСߣСλסѺһͣľƽʵʵҶεĺϡ
һƴʵڹʵҶξͬߵķһɳȥʮһɽ嵲סűס
¡һ죬Сɽ徹ȻҶθһ롣
ٷ˹ŹɽʯҶΣѾˣҳѵŵͷڹô
䣡
ʯĽͼҶδʯзԾ˰գӡ
ҶεǣѪҶεȴһֳŵЦݡһͻѵ־ȻԽԽô
԰ҶӦǰûˣӦήҲһĵù࣬ôأ
ҶβǵѪЦǻûֳʤأ
˵ţҶλԼȭͷ˹
һ£治ţղűԼŰĶ־ȻԼ
ȻǾҪÿƻָԭСһӭҶεȭ
һҶξͺǻ׵һ˲˵һϲ
Ҷα˺ֳŵЦݣȭͷٴγ
䡭
ϸһЦҶΣ˰ɣȥɣ
˵ţľ϶£ҶεԴͷ¡ҶοŴľƣϸֳһ˿Цݡ


1303 
ҶεӭľƾͳȥҶΪ˵̫࣬ɢŹ⡣
ҶѡĹǰǿʶȫе統С
Ҷεʶȫѹеж٣Ҷξһԭѹѹѹ
ҶΣ˵һ޸ֻҪһСӳܹڣҾͰȫݻˣ㻹ʲôУǰǲӵģ
˵ţһֲֻϼᷨӡԼľƱ߲˲磬ţһҶûսٲ½סҶܵ·ߣҶ֮ҪΪԼˡ
ȻƿҪҶĽʱ򣬶ȻоԼľ棬һ
ɲͷĪĲΪֱӴ͸˾ϵâ⣬ԼľƿֲܵС
ٺٺ٣𣬱̫Դˣ˭˵ҪˣҶε¶ϣģҶȻƽˡ
ֱԼ۾ҶξͷԼľƻ˸Լƽеλá
ⲻģҶΣ㣬㡭ôģֱЩ״ˡ
ߣЩ飬Ǹ㽲Ҳδס֪ҵΪʲôͻİôҰеȫѹ£ȻӾԾͻô
ҶεĻĿɿڴ
⣬⡭ôܣѹһȻͲ°Լըʣƭҵģһƭҵģ𲻸һУһʱЩڲԡ
ûʲôǲܵģϲÿһУ˶ԿһзǱܡȻǱܣҪǼǻۺͼҪһ˿˿еʱ򣬲㲻ܣ㲻ȥô򵥡㿴ǲܵ飬ֻ㲻ѣ
ЩĸоҶͻ˰ҲǲʵҲûʲôġ
һ£Цôˣ˰л꣬ô
Ҷҡͷ̾Ϣ𣬵˵Բеʱ򣬸ûʶԼԲеˡ̵һУΪҵй޷ϡڣһжıˣ
ҶεһȣʩչʱһŰ׵ĹâסʱоԼɸһŹ⣬ȻܹɳԼ壡
˲䣬͸оԼڵһжѸʧԼʵҲһ˷ٶµ
ҶΣҸʲô㲻𷢳Լоİľֵĺ
ߣĮԼȥʱ򻹳ΪʱûڵʱһģһģҶʵ
ǾһȺ֣ôܸұȣ֮ӣעҪʱ˦Щ£ûʶԼĴڴʴʡ
Ҷ˫Ŀһƺ⣺𣬵ʱȻִԲ򣡿ǲΪġǺãеĶȫ鵽ҵϰɣ
˵ţҶμӽ߶һУޱתҶεϡ
ҶΰУҪʱȻƿϣһʮѾ˽ǰ
ֻһޱȣϼûжݸӴȵιϵǸһſˣÿ
Ҷλ˴𣬻䵽ϣɨһۺ˵°ɣ𶼱ʰˣѵǾñҸ˵ĺݻЦ
ݸ߸ЩʱҶΰݺһˤֵ˭Һÿģվ˵ҵҪôҪҺÿģ
ӣеȫɵˣ񲻿һ˶ˣЩ֪ԼＸﻹǰҲڣ
Ҷοˣһ˵ʶʱģͶվˣҰõĳԺƾǵķ䡣
ڴʱǸݸ߸ȻӴָͳһСϺݺһһ죬һŨ𣬽ţһ̱ǵĳζ
ҶűӾˣȳ˺ֵķΧҶȻòԾϽʹ˷缼ܣѺ̴ܣȴʮѾϣǵȫͬһʧ
ᣡ
ҶˣΪһʱ⣬ԷĳζĻѬˣԷʹôˣ
Ҷҧ죬ȻԼЩЦѾ飬޷ıģֻԼԼұŤ
뵽ҶչһЦȥСǸʲô
СѾǱ΢е飬ȵһƣС˵Ͳ¡


1304 ҵĳԺ
ҶҪСٴϵҩʱ򣬾ΧƿϣмʮƬ
ҶζʱСѲעΧ
ʮ˴ͳһķװҶ˹һЩ˶ڰҶڵλİΧ
װЩˣңеĵλӦƫλõȺ
һߵҶǰʮɵλͣϸһҶʵˣô
ҶιֵҶΣȷʵˣģΪõϢ˵ҪʹıƣԲŻġ
ˣҲǹֻ񣺡ԭҶСֵܣԶﰡ˵һѾ˱ɱҿͽĻ£岿˳Ժӳˡ
ҶЦԭĴ簡һһᣬĴ·ȥԺĳǣ֪֪λϡ
Ļ¸Ҫ˵һȻ𣺡ţĶӳûиóȻ˵ԺδЩװɣ
˵ȥһݰ׵ģļһߵĻµߣ۾һֻɵɫҶΡ
Ļһüͷ˵ᣬ˵ǺܲòҶСֵô˵ҲˣҪ˵ҶֵȥԺкβף
ʮְĻһۣȻֶסҶΣʵҶΣõʲôȸ˵˵ҪǾбҪȻȥĸλϡ
Ҷζʱ˵Ļ´һ˵ᣬʲô㻹ǲӵˣ㻹֪֪Ҫٵ㻹ûаҷ
ĻµʣᵭЦĶӳǳ٣ȻҪָӡ¹سԺİȫΪӸӳȨһɵʣˣǳΪԺӵڴҪģ
˵ţᾹȻһ֣ﳤȥ
ĻЦҶϵܼЦˣղŽҲְڣֻ̫ѺãҶϵǣҶϵܲҪϣһ𵽳Ժȥ
Ҷ˵һӻ𣬵¹˵ҶβΪһʱ֮ʲô˵ˡ
뵽Ҫݸ˵ϢҶҲһЦСѣĻһ·
ҪĿ֮һʵеǳƶȣеĳ֮ϣһˣڼ˹еĻȨƶȵƶȡ
ΪŻȨһԼһԺ˽мƺ⣬ԺְܱȲˣȴƿеһԴ
˵ĳԱǸеĳѡģԺѡΪʵﵽһ̶ȣǹΪ̲ܹġ
˺ͳԺΪľɽ֮ϡƬɽΪƾ̾ҲΪΰֺ룬ѳ˵ĸ߲ͳԺŪ
Ļ´ҶκԱһ·е˾ɽɽ¡
Ҷϵܣ˾ɽκ˲շУϱĹأԣͷҶϵˡĻ¿˵
ҶЦȻǹأǾ͵أĴ磬Ϊ·
ȫ䣬ĻҶһ·ȥ
ԺڵλãǾɽߵһɽڡҶκĻһ·ǰУߵɽ壬һƺΰĹҶεǰ
ҶθпӼǧ̷꣬ҲΨ̷ȺܹΰĹ
Ļµ£ҶδһһĹ˳Ժĺλá
Ļû뵽ǣԺϣиСĳһʮˣȫڴмˡ
϶ڴǰСĳϣǷԡ
Ļ¹ʩ񣬸Ҫ˵ŭһ
Ļ£ΪʲôԴһ˽뵽ԺѵΪӳͿԶԼµܲôԺǳȥִеʲôʲôʸɵʱȻ
ĻҲһüͷǹʩϣִе̽﷢ʲôҼǵú˼ҵսҸϵʱ򣬾ʣλҶСֵˣҲ֪ҶһͷŲɱ󡭡
ˣ
ǸϴֱĻµĻ˵˵ҶξҶˣĻ£ҲϴСˣѵ˼˵ʲôʲôҪİ̲һʲôΪʲôҪֱԴѵ԰ӳô
ĻҲЩҲסˣ߰ͷ˵ϣڳֵܿɶˣʲô̲飬ǰҶεǼϸһʣҶô˵ҲˣԴԼˣ˼һҪ˵ѵǴ˽̬ô
ǶˣϲûнɭȻЦĻ£ĵԽԽˣȻʱˡ˵һǧһѵԺĹضô


1305 ټ
ʱԱһޱȣȴͬ滨׺˵ϣ˻һ㣬ҲпԭġһˣҪпػȻô˷λ
ߣϣеػĻµ˼ˣƴԼͽܣѵл֮ӣЦ
ϲɫ˵˴˱˴ˣѵֶһ֮ʣͲƫƫô
ϻȻָ˵ΪҲ֪ôģǼͶܣǰԼͽܰ嵽Ҫĵط
һ˵ᰶ棬ΪҶϹӣǵСžţ˭֪
Ҷαǹޱȣȴǳ׵ˣ˶ѾǻƨˣھȻڧ
ЦŶҶ˵СҶǵ˿׹ܺãܸһɣǴ˵棬гϢʲôҪ˵
˹ͷϸһĻҶεĻƽͰԼϴԺеõϢȫ˳ǡ
ϢԺĳȫˣҪЩ˰ռƻʵʩˣǺ֮䣬϶γһֵжԵ״̬ǲ֣˫ֻҪϵţͻᱻ˰
һ˵Ϣɿô
䣬ᰶ˵һˣȻܰʮ˸ôܣλϣҪ˵ģһıǿ϶Ǿĸ֡Ҿʣû˿һ㣿
ᰶĻ˴ҵĹһǿᣬǿ繫ϵģ˼ҼȻôɣ϶ǲһЩϺзôǿĸ֣ǵĸ֣û˸˵ܰ˴
ңĻ¸ϵʱеѾȫܹˣҲ˵ҶΰִıһȫˣЩ̫˼˰ɡ
ᰶ濴˺ɵɫɵЦŵ飬ҲĻţ룬ҲΪʣŻ̲ġĻȴǴ󷢳ȷ
Ҷ˵ᰶ棬ûô֪˵ľǼٵأ
ᰶʱԲ۾ָҶ˵󵨣ҲʲôطȻҶԱֱˣ£
Žᰶһ£ĸʿܹҪҶΡ
Ҷεźͷһתŭ𣺡˭ң
ֲټĳԺз˵һĲ˶ԼĶ߷·ըһ㡣嶼ҡҡλΣΪ͵ĳϺЩʿͨͨڵϣҲֱԴ
ΣᰶŻعˣˣȻڳԺҰˣһҡ
ûȽᰶ˵꣬һĿȻ󣬵ȴ͵ÿ˵ĶңոձҶŭͷεˣɲǼоͷԻȻѣ
ȫվϣȫͷڳһӡ
ͼ⻪һһӰͻأ˵ǰ
ͷ̧ɣһϹͷĴ񡣡˵
վֱ壬һޱȳ羴ˡ
󣬵ǰٴιʩ񣺡壬ôϾˣЩСð
ЦŰڰ֣ʾҪ˵ˡ
Ҷô⣬˵ǰȴһأ𲮣û뵽¼ϡȷʵʧˣҪ֡
СӣھȻˣĺǸѪһУȴ̫һǸԵˣô°𲮾ǶԼһ׺һʵ
Ҷβ˼Ц𲮣ȥǣһĴУղŵĺŭ𣬴Ǹ
˵ţҶξҪݵڵء
𲮸ϽסҶΣźЦûп㣬Ȼֵиˡ
ҶθϽ˵𲮣ҶΡʵϣֻҵһһ˼άòǰãѾҺΪһˡ
΢΢һЦԭҲãô˵㶼ˣֻҪ㣬˾ͻϣġ
˱ͶҶʶ𲮴ˣھȻ𲮶Ҷôߵۣʱһص°͡
ʲôϣϣģﶼЩʲôţһͦʵµȴûһСѵܲʱƮ˳
ʵͿСһΪҶ˵һֱûСѵ顣ڣСѾȻ˵ˣϬĻûе㾪ȵĸо
ǣָСʵ
Сವһ´ҶεĻСԴ˵СңҸСܣСͷ㿴󱲣һĳʲôӣǿһһ˵ϴҲ̫ˣôͰѺ󱲽
ҶμЩΣǰһȵСѵĲϣСӣ֪ʲôôʲô㶼˵
Сһ˵磬ѵ˵ôСûϢ϶ǵϴûģҪҵϴĻ˭ǰʰķġ


1306 û
ңȻ𲮰ŹϣҶβŰСѸɿ
ҶζŻ𲮲˼Ц𲮣治˼СӲ£˵ʲôҲȥ
Цҡͷûû£Сһͦ˼ģСҶôõСһģҿСһǺͷİ
ڻ𲮣ҶǾεģҲûСѵԼôĹϸ˵һ顣
ִϲû뵽СһȻôͷСҶõǼֱ绢˰
˵𲮵ɫȻҶ˵˵״ҲˣСһ˵һ˵ҪڲˣԼ˻ڸﶷȡ
Ҷ֪һ̾Ϣ̫ΣЩ벻ף𲮣Ȼ֪һУΪʲôֹأ
𲮿Ȼ̾ѷѷ
˵𲮵ϳϧ֮ɫ
ƽһ˵˭֪ѾΣʱ̣ǣγɵϵμԳͳҶᣬֵòɿҿñ˴ԼܰԼˡ
Ҷ֪ԣǰο𲮵𲮣Ҳûô۰ɣϾĵϱµĹҲ˭ð󲻻ʹ߿飿
𲮷ȻʲôǲҸɵģ˵飬һϵ尲Σ飬ȴƫƫܹȥֱǰԼȺȥ飬ѵ˵ô
Ҷһ𲮻󣬸Ͻǰһ𲮴ο𲮣Щֻ֣
˵Ҷζ֪ôԲˣᰶ滹ֳ飬ʵ̫ˡ
ҶҲ뵽һ⣬ʵ𲮣ĿǰˣһмȻ֪Ϊʲôֹһ£
ϺȻ¶ϺһЦݣֹΪʲôҪֹֹˣôЩƱػ̶תͲñˡҾͿһУҲЩ˾ΪϺͿˣһ޹˼ɽߣѵϹô
Ҷˣɵðˡ˾֪ôЧġΪһ䣬Ҷεķͳ½ĴһͳҵһЩȨıϵĶзǳ̵ʶġ
ЩһҪشͳģΪͳĶ̫ĸӵķ档ˣòҪȥҪȵ˱޷Ŵ˷ʱٴܹˮɡ
˺棬пĳǺõģȴδܹõ̶ȵӵ
Ҫ֪ȨıҪľ⣬ʹһʩûչ˵˵棬ҪƱػصġ
𲮣˼ǣȵҶʶȺʱٶ֣ǺʱôҶС˵
𲮳̾һסҶθ֣ȣСҶս۹⣬Ҳвʶ֮ʿҽҪı״ǣѾûˣǸΣְûֶΣܹٴ𰡣㲻ãֶΪڲԶ鰡
ҶʱŷֻǿصǶôĽǣҶ̲ס˵𲮣ˣôȴҪΪ龫ǣǣЩФ
𲮺ȻһɨǷϵݣЦСҶ֪뵽ƽΣֵİ취ʲôôǵһоԵʵӵһﵴƽǵһУ˾֮أݲðʧСҶҵȵˣ㣡
˵ţһֻ۹⿴ҶΡ
Ҷһ˵𲮣ºѰɡͿԺ췢飬˵̫ˣѷ
ɭȻЦǾʵһδѪʲôĶҪͳͳҪһѪ䣬עҪĻҲҪȵȫѪҺ֮˵
Ҷαˣû뵽𲮻ôľģݿƷȰԼأȻеһ
𲮣Ҫˣ漰ķʵ̫ˣ㲻ãġҶοȨķḻ飬ŪȨıʵ̫ˡ
һ˵СҶѵбѡôǵ״̬ܹôԼ˶Ҫˣȥս䡣
Ҷα˵Ѫڣʩ𲮣ģֻҪԸҶθϧ
ǽдϴôбҪųôҾͲˣѲץһٱ򣬲ֱӸɵʲôǰ첻ģС˰죬廰ˣҶκͻǸ̲ס˵Լ뷨
ҶκݺݰһСѣСһһ٣СѵĻڵ㣬ôֻôԶѡ
𲮺ٺЦСҶУӦ峤˰ɣԮһС㣬һ߳ġ


1307 
һҶζȻ𲮣Ҫ򿪾棬ͱҪоӣֻӵһ֧ҳϵľӣܹ֤е뷨ܹʵ֡
𲮵ͷ˵СҶ뷨ȻѪ˵㣬ҲòϣƽΣֱЧֶΡǵľӣɸģݬһҪһ̶֧ܴҳϵĶ飬װ
ҶЦ𲮣ǿһҿҪģǳԺӣڳԺӸݸ˵ĿɽѳɣǾԲģ֮ϣҿʹһΣΣԺҲҪȴһ֧ҳϵӡ
һ˵СҶͬ뷨Ǹĺõطûоʵʩ
Ҷһ˵ڵ¼Ϊڣ˵Ժӵ˵鲻ʹҪӣĻ»нְˣ˵Ҫϸ٣ԴӣұУȻͼ֮
𲮳һ£ֵãôˡСҶǶĵһϣܹʵʵߺÿһǣ˵δҪˡ
ϸһЩϸڣϽƻ
𲮰ѳԺĳȫйϣŭǵĳԺһЩΪͽɵ顣
󣬻𲮰ѻ˳ԺӵϣΪǵǿڵĳԺӶʲôӣǲ֪Щһ֧ҳϵӣھȻϵĹߣ
˵ɨڳһۡ
ڳΪԼ鶼֪ڻ𲮵ע޲ͷ
𲮰Ŀ˳Ժϡ
ϱ𲮶ûڣ㿴ңҿ㣬ڣ˵ˡ
壬¼ȷʵǱ¶һЩ⣬٣Ҳ֮е顣壬ʲô뷨˵Ҷһºòã
Ļõϵͬ׷׸͹˵
ߣҿֻǵ˵һСϮǴ󲿶ӸλˣУûСҶǻᷢʲôҲܹõϣԺʧְҲͬɣ
Լûͷԣëɵ
ɭȻЦǳԺӵΣ˵˭ǳԺҰ
Щ½棬鱾Դ»СС»˵ģ׷ͱҪ˳е
˵壬˴¼ԺӴòӦ𷣡ҿ
ûȹ˵꣬𲮴ֱ˹Ѿ˴ķԺڹǵ¼ֱԭˣĻºͽֱ쵼ξѲ˵ģˣҴӣҪúһӵĲ֮磡
϶ʱɵˣôҲû뵽𲮶ӾȻôĴ
ȶһ˵壬ǲǡ
üëһ˵ǾҴ̫ǲǣҲ԰صʧְΪӦвŶԡ
仰һѹɸŻˣոջǳְҪڵǾǸ飬¼ð
壬ҾĴǡôǡôٺ٣λ˵ǲǰ𲮲һһ൱ԲƽΪ
ĳһ֪Ѿ޷ıˣ磬»иĳͷҲͶͬ˻𲮵
𲮺һ쳣˵ǶʲôˣֱһɢɳˣҲûоôˡǣƤ£ԺһҪܵģҪѳԺӴһ֧֮ʦ׳֮ʦҳ֮ʦԣҶԱҪ
𲮵ԺӵȫΪսʿУҪķΧļ֣ʵԵľĳӻģҹȥҲӵġ
˵һ֣ҶνеߣشҲʶҶΣһֱ˷裬絽磬һֱӶҲˣҶҵһɵеˡ
ᰶһº˵壬ԺӿǸǺĵľѡεˣ޲ӵܣĹˡ㰲ֵĻ
һº͵Ц˵Ĺһ쵽ڧ˴˲̨ĹѾ飬ҲٿɾĶˡᰶ棬㻹ô
𲮵ĻýᰶͷһݣԺЩ£ѾӲܹˣЩϲ̨棬ùģãҪٸ۵Ļ»һЩù鶼Ҫ§
뵽ᰶһ˵壬úеһޱ֧Ӣġ
ŽᰶЩֻû뵽ƽȥʮֱŰļһȻܹʹ棬仯ô졣
ᰶ˵Ǹ˵ģڿɺãᰶˡ
Ͼûкڵҩõһʱĵģ뿴ᰶ汻𲮽ѵȻӲᣡ


1308 ϸ
ļһϽ׷ױʾڻ𲮵ӵ֧֡
𲮽˵ˣܹ̫ܵǣԺһҪŪõģɹϵǺĹŶӵİȫˣҾǵķΧڽоϸڣûսôУ
⻰һƬȻҪ֪Ժӿһ꣬ϣѾγϰߣǾǸҵӵܣйϵԼӵͽԺӶƽ
ڣ𲮾ȻҪƸԱⲻҪԭô
˻ûлعζ˵ҶΣĹ˵Ӧӡǣӿǲˣûõ˵ģҲҪѡβְܹô
ҶЦ𲮣֪ˣҪǲܹͨѡεĻҲûӡ
𲮳һ½˵һǾڳԺӵĻϣһˣΪԺӵӣʸӣ˶򵽼ſˣҲӦúúװһԼˡ
˵꣬ɨһ۳Ժڳϣ˵ǿҸʲôϽ˵ȥ
һ˴۵СۣɵúǺЦû뵽ô˼ͳһǺãͰҸղ˵ģͨˣǷģӵܣһΪϹᣬǻǵġ
ǵ͵ӲʩôӲı̬УڻһŵĿӣҲҶθ𲮷ġ
Щ飬٣һӴˣ˵ķʲôˡ
óԺû뵽ǣ𲮵ƻ꣬ÿһϸڶϸǽȥˡ
ƻĵһǺѡܲܰеȫеɽбƴɣ𲮼ƻҪв뵽ӦƸԱҪϸļݵǼǣĳкѡѡΡ
ѡķʽǽѭݱߵʤʣȡͷʮһ֡
еһУϸ񹫿ģеط٣ͼɻأسеĳרŸԱһɾ͵ְ¼ã
һпɹݵģֱӰһж͸ˣ˭ҪǸٵĻֻҪյٱ̾ͻȥ飬Ӱô¼ȫ̹͸ģ˭ҲסǳԲ˶ߵ顣
ɳеĺѡ󣬾ڵн䣬ǽѭ䣬ʤ̭һЩԱʤ߽뵽һֵıԡ
̣͸ˣΪϵе󣬱˴˼䶼ලԷġ
һ֣Ҫʮ֮ٽѡΣǱʽʤԱ
£ǰٸеʤԱƴеʤ߼еɽȻѡΡ
Ż𲮵ļƻֱɻǲǱ˺üˣļƻɲǶʱܹİ
̫ܣ̫ϸˣѵôˣ˵һ㲻ԤԺһּҲӶǵһ
ĳϿʼ˵Ļˣ˵˵ȥûа취Ӧ𲮡еһȫ͸ģѡ϶ֽţǾ
ҪģҲֻǲ²⣬˭֪ᷢʲôѵҪԻô˼һʲôûɣһ˵ͨһ𲮵ʵ̫ˣı
ңԺҲûԿǻģһڻ𲮵ĳϴڣ»ûôȱʰˡ
ӵܲѡ棬һ棬˵ӵܿԲزμӳеĺѡֱӵɽμӵѡС
ҲĳЩ˿һ˿ϣ𲮻չӵܵġ
ʵҲҶϸ֮һ䣬ЩӵҲǲģΪչӵܶսǾԲеġ
Ҷû𲮰Ѻ󱸾ŵһ˹ģһǧһǧˣչ޷ܿӵܵ
ʵڲӵܾȨˡ
𲮶ҶεȨıԽԽˣеʱд²Сھֻ˰²ܹʵ룬Ҫ˰£Ǹǳӣǳѧʵ顣
ʼʱ򣬻𲮻Ҷ˺Ծ˦ƹģһҶԼ취Ҷʲô취ˡ
Ѽƻ׵ˣҶξԭеѡһЩܹˣϾЩϤӵճЩ飬ҪЭġ
Ҷѡ˵ı׼ܱǾǾǱҳϵġӵĳԱ϶бģҶεı֮Ǹ߻𲮣ڿֻҪǶԼĴ治ģǾֱӴ
⣬ûЩᣬ뵽ǵһɢɳ״÷ǳֶѾ޷βǣ𲮾ҧͬˡ
ҶζĻµӡ󻹲ͰĻµԼߣĻ̳ԺӵһЩճ顣ͨӴҶη˻ǺеģͰԼ˼硣
ǸͷᣬҶεĴܾûᰶ泤ѲӸеĺѡΪȷᰶ泤ϵİȫΪԺӳԱᰶ棬Ϊᰶıڡ


1309 ŵļ
ʱĻ¿ŵˣе飬Ҷһֲٰ죬Ҷʾ𲮣γļ֮󣬾Ļ͵ǰ𲮿һֱۣǩ·óԺͨˡ
Ļ¶ҶһȫµʶоҶβһеʼٸߣһ飬ڰ˵־ڷתơڲõĽǿܻޱ䣬ⳡޱѻҶܲɷˡ
ҶζĻµıǱȽģҪľݴ֮ģĻ£Ҳˣе飬ڷŸı䣬ΪǵĽչǱҪ׳ʿľģô
ĻʶʩְⳤٵһƬģ
ҶЦŰڰֵ£˵ˣҺһǴĳԺսʿǻҪϸѡܹ뵽ӡ
ĻЦ֪ͬΪǻڴ˵ġ
ҶβÿɷЦЩ飬Ҫ˵ֱ̫ˡ£Ҫסһ㣬ѡսʿǾ֮ģҲϣЩδմȾĴսʿɽͷ·ʦ뵽СŶ̫֮ˡ
Ļ֪ڽشĵʱŨľʱ˳һ㶼ᱻϴġȻҪĵزǣеȨҪҸֳԿǾ·һ
£Σܹ֮¸վһ棬ҺοΪԵʣҲԴᴦĳˣǣ˵ĸȺȣأǻһпϵ۵ġ
ĻȻ֪Ҷ⻰ķû˭ܱĻ¸֪Щˡ
˵ڳԺУһһᰶ棬׿ҫ̶ļҴһĹѳеԴ
ɽģ˵۷ڣ϶£ǳ˵ĶȨǳԺڳ׵Ĵڣȫ⼸Ŀ֮¡
ڼ˵رڱ׳չеؼӵܶԽ뵽и߲﷢չ
һеи߲ͽļƿأЩûˣͼȦӣһвŻ˱ż⣬һ棬Ҳ֮ǿҵĲо
ĻȻˣԴ̵ʶ²ԽԽϲڶѾȺͺһյĴһֻҪ΢еͿȫ
ҶһУǰĴƵȻ½һۻ䣬´á
뵽Ļ¹ֹĳţԸ׷Ϊϴƶܶ
Ҷεͷ˵£ס㲻Ϊһ˶ܶΪ˶̫ܶĻȥ׷λͲƸȴѡôһޱȵĵ·ΪʲôΪ˵ľӢҪΪȺӶܶѣ
ĻˣжӯʱĻо˾һڴľ޴жôѵ˴󺰣ӣһΪӣҾ޴ֻޱȵķײ򰵽
ڣĻˣе飬ϣЩȨı䣬Ҫƶȫߣ֪ôƶƹܾ޴
Ψܹûˡ
һֱĴ˹Ļ±ϹϾϽԼ˫ֽסսѣΪͬһĿĶҷܶսѣ
˺ܳһʱڣмѡιѾӽβˣصĴҲذ¯
Ҷκͻ𲮻Ļݴӿֳ˺ܶ˲šЩ˲ţʮǱֲܵż
ңǵıǳɾǰѳֳԺ֮ķӵܡ
ΪεĹģ̫󣬶ҹעȼߣļҲܴϻǹƽġ
ҶζǵǺϤҲܾòˣҪĻеġ
ĻµĻ˵εѡηǳɹΪӵֱܿӽ뵽ɽӿֳ˲ŶģЩ˵ӷǳɾǾԿõ˲ſ⡣
ǵĺѡѡΣܽ˰ٸеѡΣн˱ѡ
ɶ˵ľӢһһǧӺ󱸾ɣҪ޳һˣЩĻ¶ʹ
Ҷһ˵Ҫģǻģ˲Ŷ£̸ʲôˣһһǧĺ󱸲ӱǸĲˣ飬ԺǱ߶ͨ𲮣£ȫǼᣬҪһѧԺеȫͽȥޣ
ĻһͷҶεĴǼʶˣǰ࣬ȻŪһһǧĺ󱸲ӾѾǴֱˡڣȻֱӰʣȫˡ


1310 
ҲûֱðҪ֪ƻǺãǣҪǮҪ˰Ǯ͹ͷˣѧԺҪĸʦǿǮ첻鰡
ĵģҶЦ𲮣ĵѾԤغǮ飬ҶһգҪƵһȻڷ֮ϣȻһµĽȻµĽǾҪʵѪҺ
Ļ½ӻ֪˼ˣҲ˵ǴѹһЩļ壬ȻһЩ˵ļ壬ȻߣǮҲӦӦġ
ҶδЦ£ԺЩϣʦڣЩ͹ˣȻܹ뵽ҵͼģһһ˵˵㣬ʵû֧֣ǾٷҲ޷ʵֵġ
ˣüͷΪҶε۵бĵġ
СҶеԴɻ϶ԺƵģȥܹǳǮļأ
ҶιЦ𲮣ˣǿѧԺĿʲô˲Űʱ˭أǵͼǿԼŵģǣЩѧԱҲһôڵļȻԺգΪЩ˲ŵδҲΪ˼δѪӦûɡ
˵СҶǾ仰㲻ʲôҶ֧֡߿е㶥סˡһЩڿ˼ϢϵߺţЩսѣЩϲ£ʲôһѣҿǷ͸ˡ
ҶЦʲôǴõʱ𲮣˭㣬һȫӦͨϵԺôУԣǵþǮԺҿˣֻо²ţǳһڲţר˵ģȰǮ׹˵
ʲô
Ļºͻ˴˶ӶԷ۾濴𾪣Ҷ§ǮֶҲ̫ˣֱǿװǰ
һڲţĲţûʵȨǸţҪǽţ͵ýǮ͵ǰ˼ҵǮȼȻнˮʽȥ
һĻ³׷ˣҲˣҶӴȥ¡
𲮸ߣȴҶνס𲮣һҪ԰ǾϽһܹ½ֱӽϵĳ֪Ƶķ½ˣֱӿԳ䵱¿ѧԺĽʦˡ
һҡͷЦСҶǰܹõĶȫˡ˵ǰһϹʱľᣬܹͨǣⶫΪûõĶڿóˡ
Ȼ𲮳ȥҶʵ£Ҽɿֵܣôˣ
Ļ¹ֵˣķԸرС˼ֵܣʶϴڴˣǾҳϿɿġǼûбƽзַģԿΡ
ҶεͷУֱӵˡסһ㣬ǶǴĳԺսʿǧҪֳ߸ϵӣΪȫ˷ģһҪԶ֣ڹϣҪ©
ĻȥԺҶŷ֣ЩҪԼԶˣû뵽ǰഴҵζҪһˡ
ǸطĺѡԱɽҶκͻ𲮻ĻԼ֣ǼֱҪæˡ
û뵽ܻ¸ȻܹＯôǮơһϤǮƣûĿ࣬ͰǮ
е㶥סˣҶΣȥɽϵķ棬ǿǲճˡ
ҶЦ𲮣£ôˣʲôҪô
Ļһ˵˰ҿǳŲסˣΪڻ߰£ÿ춼ǮЩ˲֪ǲǰ׳գǮ֮ҲҸʲôͼҴˣյǮˡ
ûҶοڣ𲮽ϻͷ˵СҶҲЩλȫȥˣк󱸲ӵһǧȫǮˣǣû뵽ôӲǮΪѼǮûˣ˸ˣô찡
ҶЦð죬Ժ飬±ĸӵһǧӵǧǮ
ʲô
𲮰Ӳ㶼ɵˡ
ҶθڷʰټһǧǿҪѲƸѹθɾĽడ
𲮣ǲǾ̫ˣûУЩǮĶģ¢˹ԴŪģҲǻˡ
ڣǾ˵ͨģΪʵˡ
𲮵ĵԺͬôң¿ɲճ
ҶЦ𲮣ͷİɣԺһͨġΪǸЩǧ˿ƵϵģǸṩĸλʵϾһ壬Ϳлᵽ˹ְְܲˣԺܲͬô
˵ҶЦһ˵룬ԺҲղٺôǣǮôõôģûʵıγıģǳԺľ顣ʱ飬ǳԺΣнʰǣ


1311 ˳ӿ
Ҷ⻰һû𲮺Ļ¶̲סһ¡
ҶֱԼһڴĺڹԼǮĴͷóԺЩͷȻٰڹݺݿڳԺͷϡ
Ļչ㹻Ǯ£ܰƳȥΪԺʰԺ˳Ľڣͬʱ̫ˣһʯ񰡣
һ£û˵һҡͷһ߳ȥˡ
ȻҶϣһǧƵĽܿͱԺͨˣ߼˯ʱ䶼ռȫõܻ¸ȥˡ
Ȩħģܿ죬һǧҲڳԺʾǷӱƵʱ򣬻ˣȥ֪ôճˡ
ǻλѾԱκҪ뷨׼ˡ
һǿ˯Ⱦû죬Ǹصĺѡ˲½ϵ˾ɽµĲĻֿʼˡ
һأ𲮿ɳû˰֣ΪҶĻ¼˶ҪμѡѡΪ˹ƽȫзգֻڱʱܹ¶棬һʱ䣬ҪܵϸĹܿء
ԭΪɽŵһȵףӦ˱Ѿ㹻ˣ˿ɲͬʱϳǷϳÿһ˽У㹻ˡ
ɻûϵԱе˸ǲ٣ÿѡֶ顣
ʵǼͥƶˣֻвǧʣļͥģ֣ͥõģǼźţϰٵԱ
ʮ뱾žɽʱ򣬻ֻͨԺڸĳǰӣά򣬻ӸǰʳƷҩƷԱʱ֮衣
ھɽȦı䳡⣬ʮڳǰӵЭ£ֺפԭ͵ľɽʱΪֵĵط
飬û𲮼Ϊͷۣʵ̲סˣҵҶΣڸô죬̫ˣôЧ
ҶκٺЦ𲮣ϻ̫ҺˣҾ֣õİ취ǵ˦ƹģ˭˳۾˭ȥ顣ȻҪ˵һЩĻȥĻú쵼зòãҲϡ
ŭСҶҷ˼ôôƵģǻʲôδ
Ҷɫ𲮣Ҳۣ뵽ûУľƴƴɣܹﵽʲôЧе鶼ͼʵˣܸıûʵô
ĵŭ𣬶ʱȫޣ̾˵ûôδЩ
ҶεЦ𲮣ǳʱڷǳֶΡûԸ⵱˵ģʹȻڵ£˭ǵˣҪƵġ෴ģ˵ǺгΪǶ˾ͻ
һ죺ȣСҶҵʱҪȡǳֶΣǲеΥǵĳˣ
Ҷ˵𲮣ɰٴ˴Ҫɲ׳Ĵ󺣣ͱɳ£õԺƽֶΣ᲻ĿǰĵȨ߰Ȩ᲻ǽȷĽ飿ʱĿģҪаֶδɵġ
ˣҧ˵հհգġ
ͷ۵⣬𲮺ȻʵСҶһҪгģϣ꣬ùҡ
ҶЦ𲮣ͷһбģұˣҲȥҪ۲ѡлЩʵˡ𲮣֪֪֪αĶ󣬶ǳè塣
˲ɵõһʲôλȻè壿˽⵽ʲôˣ
ҶЦ𲮣Ϊæΰ飬ûϸϸ鿴ѡֶЩӵܣҪ뵽ԺӣҪμģǮڲŵĴһɱʵʵģһСģͿܻᱻ̭
𲮺˵˼ǣ°ϹֽţЩֱܹʵĶ֣
ҶЦԶҪӣҪ֪˾һǧǵþٵսӱӮһʹﲻĿġ
𲮾ȵǿƶ˹򣬲ȡԱϳһȻӷ̭ʤıưҲֽţ
ҶοҺߣǾĺģһЩȨıļϣ֪ĵزˡ
𲮺ҶƵƣֻǸƵĴԺһЩˣǰԼСµġ
һЩԼ˴ңֱ뵽һЩʵܲһСУܹ֤Խϸߵλ뵽һ֡
С֮ƵߺܸĲȡ˽̭һĸλһĵλн̭ܹʵϵ͵ѡֽ
󣬾ǽгǩ̭è͸ˡͨƳǩĶλư߿԰Լ˰ų鵽ʵ͵ѡ֣Ϳɻˡ
ˣɵûðɣдö˶˵һ˲ѡεĻƣȻ˸Уҵȥ˰ĺ¸
ҶЦס˻𲮣𲮣ʵҲã˲űˢý뵽ǵѧԺǰӵܽԺӰɣֻҪڣģһỹһĶġ


1312 ֻи
һֵ֣̭һ룬ڵڶֵ̭УһԱ̭֡
ֵıȥֻʣǧѡˣû⣬еԭԺӵĳԱȫأЩͨԼʵ뵽ѡεѡ֣ϾԵſ
ջ𲮵ָѡ׼αʵƸõԱӦǳԺһǧˣͷϷһǧĺ󱸲ӣǧͨȨǮ׻ȥģڿ˷Χڡ
ƣ󱸲Ѿǧʣµǧƾǧе̭ߵС
ıҶػ׳־ģ˭һ뵽ԺӶʵԼ룬Щſȫǳ⿴ߵˡ
ɵﰵԷЦһﲻµСޣ֪еľڣһԳǩѡֵ壬ܰЩûбļһ
Ժԭеıǰ˰ˣҪǰЩȫͽ֮ڣʵʣǧ˾ʵϾٵ¼ӱơ
ǩĽҶε֮ڣҶڵԭԺӵԱȫ鵽ԱȽѡ֡
˭֪Ҷǻˣ˭ҲҶͳ֣˻𲮣˭ûкùӳԡ
ҶڱпԼʵЩȴҶô顣
ǰЩʱһҶĿʲô˲ˡ
һֵĳǩ̭ûκεűҲΪˣǿǸвѡֵѡ˶֡
涨ѾˣҲûѡ񣬾͵İ׼ʵս
ˣͨѡ֣ǵսʵ룬ȴǷǳɾսʤԭԺӵսʿһ˾ޣֱӰѽɰˡ
ҶʱѾս˶֣ѾʵϵӳԱһĻñսܽǸСӣںݣһľګͺǸһ
ʵϣҶθо˷ǳ򵥣ͳֵǼ£սزġҲ˵ʵؼʱԼʵӳˡ
˵Ǹ֮ϲҶζڽİǷУ̭ʡûһж
ҶһϣǶһ£ᰶǻһ˿ЦҶκȻʶǸںݵСӿҪùˡ
ȻǸںݵСӸո¶ϲõʱ򣬳ԺмĳǵСߡ
һһĳʵʲô֣Ķˣ
Сӻ֪ԼҪվظλϣҽĽʿ£ǹҫʿҡ
ûĽʿ˵꣬Ѿһһҳ嵽ߣֱֻοסǸʻĳϷһĽʿµСϡ
Ľʿ⧲ʱ̱ڵء
Ǹһĳ˵λǰЩӣҶ֪һȺڵ½ǣΪľƻǣ飬ȺӦģĽʿ£Ӧ֮һǰù鰸
ҶֻԼһУҶԸһΡһǿ϶ӦģôɾսʤĽʿ°ɣ
ۿϣЩϼһﶼ¶ղЦ⣬ҶףӦһԤıõȦף
ǵĿУмϵǱҪģһ⣬䳡ϿǲٵġԿܷ⣬ʲôݺܱסԼĵϵأ
ûڣֻиڣ
Ѿڵûԭˣ
ҶζʱŭޱȣǼߣһ̧֣סĽʿµƿȲ鿴Ľʿµ
½ŵǸ湻ݵģһŰĽʿߵɢңһΪͱˡҶθϽóһ˵ҩĽʿιȥ
Ҷηŭ˵ƾʲôλѡ֣һ־֣Ҫʲô
ᰶ汾ҪһҶΣûаѻôҲҪչ˵𲮵ӡ
ҶΣղ˵ѾˣĽʿǵǷչļϸΪˣȴų⣬ٵ飬ѵӦϳô
ҶЦ˵ĽʿǼϸ֤ô֤ݣΪʲôڹ϶֣
ᰶ水ͲסҪȴסˡ
ҶΣĽʿǼϸ飬֤ȷ䣬ûаʣˣ˳ϣҪʲôͬû뵽ȻڱǵˣԾͳˡҶΣòҪ£ϸǻҲס㡣
⻰в˼ˣϵС棬ǿʲô˲ˣǼ˭˭
Ҷ˵Ϊ㻹ǳԺϵϯϣȻ˵Ļѵ
ûҶ˵꣬Ļ´һԹסҶΣʾҶβҪٽˡ
ҶθղҲ̫ˣˣЩ˵Ĺжôɶ񣬵ǵ壬ǵķ
Ҷκ޺һ˦֣ƽһ£Ļ¶˼䡣
Ļ´ȵĽʿǣȽϸӣӽֹϽˣĽʿ¸Ҵߣ
ϣĻµļĸ߹̱ڵصĽʿ¼𣬾Ҫߡ


1313 Ѫϻ굶
ᰶһĻµҪĽʿߣϷȻŭĻ£ʲôʸ˴ߣˣѾӳˣƾʲô˴ߣ
һüͷ˵ʱӦվͽߵģȴǲôΪϿŹͬصǱġ
°³ԺӻûнĽʿ飬ǽԺɡ˼ˣͽܵ˼ˮմⲻܹ˵Ļˮ
Ҷ֪ĻºΪѣϾĻµʦҪĳҪǲʦӣʦͽϵòʰġ
뵽Ҷ˵Ļ£˻ôģȻӳһְǻȴʹΪӳҪҪְʦͽ֮飬ȴ¼Ĺϵѵ뿹ô
Ļ¶ҶͶмһƳʦͽ縸ӣΪôĻ¸ĹϵͬӣҪ˵仰ĻĲ벦ʦӡ
ҶζϹ˵λϣ𲮿ĻӳȨģ׶ţмλֵҲ֪ġϣѵԻ𲮵İʲôô
һ仰ҭùǺάСǱģǣҪͽܰ˽ԺǾǶԻ𲮵İŲϢͽܵĵλɾˡ
һѡĵͷˡ
ᰶô𣺡ҶΣĻ£ô˵ҲǳԺӣҪӳԺָӵģھǰѼϸѵ뿹ô
ҶεЦϣ԰꣬ԺȨӣɾͬ˵ģڻûǳɱƣڵӣ𲮹ҳ˼ϸ飬ǻ𲮹׼ӹϽԣǹǹܵģ˼
˵꣬ҶһĻºȵǻ𲮼ԱԼϽ鶼ãôܹû𲮷ģôܹսʿְ𣿾ͳһ㣬𲮰ϳӶΪ
˵ţҶθĻʹ˸ɫĻ¼Ҷᣬʦһۡ
ԥһ£ɫһͷѡͽܱסλõ
ĻٴθмҶһۣ͵ǰԼԵʦˡ
ᰶ˳Ļ£վסҵĻѵ㲻֪ĴôᣬҲӵˣȥ˸
ҪڧĽడ᱾Ϊսܶѻ˽ᰶһХΧۼ˶ʮţĻ¾ͳ˹ȥ
ҶһξͺЩ˵ǰ˵Ļִйѵô
ῴҶ¶׹⣬ݺ˵ʶĸÿΪлžû˸Ұôһʰ㣡
Ҷһ̯˫Цðҿôʰҡ
һҶһȭʱڽĸ첲ӿһɫĹâֱҶεؿڴ
ۼŻɫâϮҶβܣһ֣Ȼӭɫâץȥâ־ȻҶץס
һ֣˶ǴһΪҶڱвûչֳ˵ʵңʵһҲеƫϵģǰܸĽʿ£һʵУǵõҵϿɵġ
û뵽ƴȫһȻ˼ͽӭŵһץסˣ
Ҷΰ˳Žķһһͣʱŵŵ˳ʮһƨ˵ϡ
˭ԣΪһԱҶ֣߳ٵѵǾͲ֪Ҫеʲôô
ҶɨŽЩţЩһоҶε۹ǵһ׷ױܿҶε۾ͷ
ʱһŭһӨӨСһҶγ˹
ᰶɫ䣬ᣬһ³ç
һ뵽״̬УᰶĻǳδš
Ѫϻ굶˫Ŀ࣬ŤһСҶΡ
ʱһɱɫڿӿɫĵطЩȫһҽŵڵϲϷ
Ѫϻ굶ߣⱾǰܱѪƵĳɣᣬⱾǰԵеıôõϣ
Ҷһ˱Ѫϻ굶Žᡣ
ޣʲôƨҶΣֻһص֣ԣѾעҪˣ㲻ǺţôѪϻ굶ζǰıѪƶɵĳôҪģ
ᰶ鴤ţҡҡλΣҪڵˡ
Ѫϻ굶˵֮֮һԼְȨ֮㣬͵һѸᣬýᱣܹΣʱ̽湦ġ
û뵽ļһﾹȻΪһʱ߶óıɲǼ仰ܹģֲãԼΪǣȥġ


1314 Ѫ
ᰶûסͨһƨ˵ϡ
ڳ飬һЩõԤ׷׸ԺС
ҶεɲǼ䣬Ҷεγһһ߶೤ʥ֡
Ѫϻ굶Ȼâʢϵɫâľ״ĹâЩ״Ĺâ·һһ˳Ҷһ͸ǰ
ҶζʱˣԼΪ֣ȻѪϻ굶ʽһͻƣ
г˸һϲɫЦҶΣѪϻ굶ǰıѪƶɣ汣ǰǲĶ־ǿƬôǿҲ޷ǰĹҶΣ͵ɡ
Ҷŭᣬ޳ܵСˣⱾӦǰǵеĳȴԸԼˣƾһ㣬㶼Ҫǰǰл
ЦҶΣ㻹Ǻúôǰɣô˵ܰС˸ɵʲô۶ֵˣΪҲ֪ǸĻ𲮴ͨˣЩ˿ΪǸô࣬ȴ³Ǹ
ϰ۾ͬʱ˽ᰶ棬ᰶʱͬЫƨһ
ס֣ᰶ淢һһΣ˹
ѾûǣзҲһȭ˷ɳ۹Ľᰶ档ᰶ汾סᣬֻҪѾһܹסСȻ˵Ժ顣
û뵽ȻֱӶˡһȭͷֱӴ˽ᰶĶϣʱᰶֱɣݺˤ˵ϡ
ɾˣʦΪҪܵĳεġ
ᰶ汾ǽĳףǽĿɽͺñԾˡ
һȵ㾹ȻѵҪԾǰôѽ£
ʱ򣬳Ժϣϰûв룬ȫѽΧס
ۣôҪԸǲǣɣҲѪϻ굶ʲôζ˵ŽһԼָƣ˦һָѪһֱע뵽˱Ѫϻ굶С
ʱѪϻ굶ĵâʢһƼ״ĵâϼӴּӳΧڽߵڳϱâ̻УʱһҽŵزŤ尧˲ʧȥս
һֱϺ˵Ŀ֣һҲǽ˼
ᰶ棬ɵĺ£Ҫǳǳ飬Ƥ˶ģ˵ţתϣ񣬴ֻһ֣ѽʰˡ
ѾΣԺĵزˣ飬ϽѽΧס
ȵᣬֻüȻ㽫·һ
˵ϲģͱŪˣ֪ҸʲôҪǰɣǴҾһ
˵ţ쳤ХٿűѪϻ굶ڰдһʱ״ĵâڰŤɨ˷ɨȥ
ҶκȵҸϿˣѪϻ굶̫޼᲻ݵĵâǰȥս棬ڱѪ߷˭Ҳסˣ
ҵȭͷߣѪҶȻ֣䵽ұۣһȭ
ʱҶεұǰһ֣ϻһƬѪ꣬Ѫһͷɳļ״ĵâӲ忪һ·
âѹƵ·ţڿҶθӲһͨϽ˳ͨ˳ȥ
ˡ
еıѪϻ굶Ȼ䷢˳Ĳеĵâȫգγһ޴Ӱ
һ㵣ϿЦҶΣ㻹б°Ѫϻ굶սǿȱѪƶɵģȻѱѪϻ굶ս⼤ˣ¿ɺˣɽҲȫˣֵˣô˸ҵ汳
Ҷ˫üоһս⣬Բ٣սҶڵѪҺΪ汲ΪϺս⣡ûս⣬ʧ޾ʷˡ
ϣֳ֯ˣｻˣҶδȵ
֮ƼܣãҶεʹóƼܣʱһ˶ŰǸ޴Ӱΰס
ء
һֲķڰһֻ˳ֻһ֮£Ŀ磬˶žȻھƷ֮£ϱӰ٣
֮׵缼ܣ׺䶥Ҷη𣬷ɵ˰֮ϣ˫һ׵ָɳ˲ҵǸ޴Ӱϡ
޴Ӱ׵Ĺ£źˣǣ޴ӰȻâʢңͷһ޵ĺâֳ
СҶܣǱѪ꣡ǱѪϻ굶ǿս֣ܣ
𲮸о״ϽϹȴѾۼѪ֣øϽҶοܡ
ڴʱҶǰıѪ꣬Ȼһܱһâ֣Ҷε׵缼ܴ棬Ȼһ׵綼ˣ

һֱĵĺӱѪ﷢ѪһֻƣݺҶ˹


1315 ֮
Ҷξ͸оѪľƷ·һҹһƼֱһܰԼĳĸо
ѪһƣݺԱߵһСɽϡͺ¡¡ľ죬Сɽ徹Ȼֱĵһ룡
𲮷СҶܰɣѪ겻ܹԵģĶʱս൱ڴܼսϿߣͷ˾ˡ
֮ľܣƣҶεָһʱѱѪ
ѪȻǣϵıâת˲Ͱڱâ£Ȼһ㻯ޣ
֮ܣҶεıȣӵɽ緢һ罦ĻЩڱѪǰγһǽ
һ죬ǽɢ䣬Ѫľƴ˻ǽƴӻǽδҶδ˹
Ҷһŭ𣬷ȭӭűѪľƾͺ˹ȥһ죬ҶǶߵķһ󵹷ɣײһɽ壬뵽֮С
ҶкȻһȽϷ뷨ѪսʮǿӲƴȥҲǼֲˣǣɽսƱ⡣һҶθѪҲûκεˡ
ҶιűѪʩһ񣺡ǰǵѪΪ˱ȼգҸһӿͬѪţͬѪǲ˴˺ģǻϵһģ
ҶʩչһŹ˲ס˱ѪꡣڴŹ£ѪʶͽзǣһӰ˱Ѫߡ
ҶεһʶȻӽ˱Ѫ꣬ѪͷϵĺⶸȻһҶξ͸оԼǱһʹ
ǰ˺оһ£ͬͬԴѪҶζűѪ꣬ͷųʶ
ӵʶѪͷϵĺǰһգѪҲʶ
ѪǾԵʿѪףôмΪԵѪһ壬ѪУСӣôѪУ
ҶδϲֻҪܸѪʶϣһжðˡҶβҵϽԼѪ꽻
Ѫ˳˼УΣѪƽһɱ˵ʶӿ˳
û뵽˾ȻѾ䵽زϣв嶼ΪǿֶģǿȺ˵ֻԼܹԼѵȡô
Ѫ͵ǰ۶ɵģǲѪΪ˱壬µѪտտѪһ꣬˵һƬ˵̸Цʱ䡣
ǣĶ䣬ȴޱȵıݣǿΣȴȲ˶䣡
ǰ֪˵ʲôģжȺҲиһԸΪͷ­ѪˣһЩŽĻԻͣ
Ѫָͷź⣬ܹ۾һþעҶΡ
ȻѪһɺʶӿ
ҶΣǿѪҲΪһֱǼͨģΪ˵ĺô˵ѪҲҪѪҶΣ׼ãǻǵѪи㣡
ҶһʱɵˣͰʵǰҪʲô
ҶΣȺ˵Զ˵ĳǿΪʲôȺҪ໹ҪǿһֱǶΪǻϵԭʵϣǻ⣬ǵѪҲźܴĹϵġ
һҵĲҶξ͸оԼ紺һůһůĸоʱȫӨӨһҶλţһƺ˳Լ۾ӿ뵽ҶεʶС
ʱҶθоԼµѪҺһַڵĸоָоǴһ޵е״̬һ·ܹκεĴԼĹܹ׾ܹﵽˮ׼
űѪĲںϣҶйҪйֻһŭҶһȭӳɲǼ䣬Ҷεȭͷϱһ貵ı̹⣬̹˲һսʿӰȻѾ˰Сɽײȥ
¡¡죬Сɽ岻˲˵ڵһʮɣԼľ޴ӡ
ʱҶθо˱Ѫ΢ʶҶΣѪڣֻҪӵһ˽飬ΪȺƴ۵ܹڶʱڰԼߵ屶ϣ
ǰôˣҶηʶʵ
ǱƳɱѪϻ굶ҲֻΪһˣǣܹܹѪ̳ˣǵȻҪѪȥֻҪҪͿʱٻѪ꣬ǣѾʶˡ
Ѫʶ˴ȰζͺһԼϧĶԼĶһ
ѪʶȫʧѾ뵽ҶεѪˡ


1316 ץסҪ
ȿҶһȭѰɽӲҳһӣȫĿࡣΣ˷ܺҲгˣ
Сӣû뵽ȻڱѪǰҴͳһ㣬Ҳǰ޹˰Ҫ֪Ѫǰܵƶɵģ϶ǻսһϢֹͣˣѪĶȥˣ
һ⻰Ҷε¶Ȼɫ𲮣ǰǵıѪ꣬Ѿȫ뵽ҵѪУѾԶʧˣԺ󼴱õҲֻҵʽ֡
ô˵ֵþǰʧǺ˸еģһҶεļ˵ΪȺȻңÿһ˶ҪѧϰľֻҪɾȥǵģҲˣ
ʱҲΧ˹Ҷ飬ȹԼĶӻҪģ飬ֱҪúøοһһ
üͷ˵СҶû£Ҹøʲô͸ʲôɣȥѲѡֵļȰߣǣеѡ֣õŵģȱٵľ˲ţÿǶġ
ȥ𲮶˵ţǱæҪʦģ͹ȥæɣȣǶˣ˵ɾʲôĶˣܹëһ㣬Ӧôһ
һ˼ӦȨ˼ﲻɵÿһ£𲮱ϾͽܸͻҲǲеҰɡ
𲮶ʣ˵֣֯ﶼúʰһ£⣬ᰶͽᶼʧˣڽᰶҪѰңڽᣬһҪû
˵ţɨһϡ
ףǶǽᰶһϵˣᰶô飬˵Ӧˣ𲮵Ļõ˽ᰶͽᣬܹǻޣòҪˡ
Ҷθ𲮻ص˳Ժоǰʽܼ֣ûϵͷȻ顣־׽⣬Ϊᰶͽ¼Ҫ͸ˡ
𲮣ʲô뷨ҶʱЩͷϣܹЩ뷨
ɻһ̯˵СҶ㶼ͷˣһץסʲôص㰡ûнᰶ˵¼͹ͷˣڣҪ˼ù鰸͸ˡ
һ˵Ҷε۾ɣ𲮣ôһѣҷ뷨ˡͻȥæѧԺ飬ǽ˲ſⰡֻҷġ
˵꣬Ҷεӷɿת˼ƻ𲮣ھɽ︺ϴ֣ԽᰶΪͻƿڣ϶˻ų켺ġ飬ø׸á
۾һ˵ǣüƲߣԺϵԳֵĻ㲻ǼΪָɣԻǸɵúõģҾҲӦðѹҪȻûǣƣճ
Ҷ˵ԣﶷɡҪľٳԺӣֻҪ֧װƺˣԺҪ£ֱӾʰˡ
˵ҶεüͷˣһطҪֵε˲ܹɹȥ𲮣Ժ棬һһǧ˵ԤӣЩһķǺԱɶ˼Ƚϵƽײģһʵǧɵοﰡ
𲮵ͷţȷʵǸҪĵطСҶģһȥƹ֧飬һҪ֧Ϊĵ¡Ҳƴǣڣҿǰǵ˶ˡҪǸˣ˰
ҶοŻ𲮳ε۾֣صͷ𲮣ģһṼбѪеһЩǰеģһΪǣΪ˾Ϲѣ
ãҾͷˡǧͨǮӵܣǿôЩӵܣ𲮾һͷ
ҶЦ˵һƽӵܣվѵģʽѵҪҪ󣬴һ֧ҳϵģսĲӡЩӵܣԸǿĻΣҼѧʾҪѧЩӵܻܸⲻͬĴġ
𲮵ָҶЦСӵĹ治٣һЩӵܻΪĺôءˣѧԺ飬ʲôô
ҶҲɵһڵѧԺֻһƬĵأ治ô
һ£Ҷ˵׼µЩѧԱȽճʳס˵ҪĽԱûɫã𲮣û´˶ⷽѷģѡʱӵˣҲɫѡǱ͹ȥ
ЩΪѵСҶǿ˰յǮȻ٣Ҫ׼±׼ʳסеĻʿǼֲһ°
ҶЦ𲮣ԺΪᰶ¼Ļ̻̣ÿ԰ѳȨֻҪȨô


1317 
Ҷֵ̯𲮣ҲǳݣΪ˶ɹѹأҲֻİ취ˡɣĻ죬ʱҪǳ飬˵֪ˡ
Ȼˣ»ɡѾ߶ԶˣҲûǸ˻ɣֻҪΪõ飬ܻȥ˵ˡ
ҶοŻԶȥӰЩ᲻ãͷ­ѪԲüͷġ
ԭеĳԱɷʮָӣҶҪģǰ֧鴿໯ɻٲִܳǰϵľ档
𲮵ˣҶεʱʱӳӳĻʱûеλֻҶԼЩԱˡ
ҶɱڳӵһμʱеսʿǸоεѹ
ˣǰʲôأҵӳʼֻһأǾҪԷҵôҶ˵
⻰һһǧ˵гССɧ˿ʼͷӶҶεĻ۷׷ס
Ҷۿţ˴۽ǵ⿴л¶˲м顣
СۣҶ˳
ҿΪ˭ԺĳôʲôģҲԼǹˣҲôĲ˵󻰣
ǣһССӳҿڳĿԣôĲ֪ʲôطǳԺ˭
һӣΪӳܹʩˣҲ֪ˮж˻֪ôġ
ССӸͦģ˵ǻ𲮵ˣôӣв˵ԸѪϻ굶ôСĵ㣬
ʲôôĸ۸˭ĸǳҪ浶ʵǹ˭ôĸұ֤ܴѡٻصӣţţǱĴҲǳصģ
˵СҪ̫صϵҲܰ

ڴ۵𾢵ʱȻҶһŭ𣺡죡
һɤӣҶŭûҶλŭһɤӣʵˣƾЩ˵ʵôܹҶһأ
ʱ˶оһͨͨڵϣûһܹ⡣
㿴ˣǳԺӵսʿأȻһɤŪı£ʲôܹԺİȫڣҾҪúѵǣڣȫϣ
ЩͨѡƽӵܣһϽվɺöеսӡЩӵܳսʿǺߺŤŤڰվܲԸվжС
Ҷ¶˲̵Цݣɨ˵жվã̸ʲôн̸ֹʲôսҵԭվʱ˭ҪǸҶһ£Ӱ˾ˣҪܵͷ
ӣеͱѵˣЩӵ㿴ңҿ㣬ӶԷ￴˷ŭЩ˿ɶ˾ϴӶԷһԭ򣬷ڡ
ʱһսʿԴ˵Ǿˣ͸оåࡣ
㣬㣬УҶһʮ˳С
Щһĥĥ䣬߳˶飬Ǹɵӡ
Ҷƽ˵УнֹαɡѵãҵΣҪǲҵǾǵΣ
˵ţҶδһ֮ľܣƣͼҶռָʱڳе⼸ϲ˴м̵ҶεĲٿأЩϽЩϵļ̣һ뵽ʮ˵С
໡
һҽдʮ˵﷢е˿ʼе˲ҺѣҶξǲΪ俴ǡ
ڣ˿ʼܲסˣʼģʾһ
Ҷԣһָϵ⿪˵Уձ׼ľվ
һǿۣص˶Уֱͦ˰ձ׼ľվ
ʮ˿ͷ˵ǹҶôһ㣬ʵˣһУձ׼վˡЩɱ˼ۿͬЩԴļһϽһʶվվ
㣬㣬УҶֵʮ˳
㵽һ߳Уųһš
˵ţҶŵЩ˵δȥ
໡
һĲҽд˷е˸Ͻ壬ҶεҪҪ̧ı׼վˡ
Ȼһ˱˳˵ҶΣʲôȨǣ֪Ұְ˭ôҴңͲ̯ô
Ҷ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ְ˭ѵܰҳˣ
˺ţ˵ҶΣҰְֿǾɽĻǵĳɽеһйӦҰְṩģǹҲҪҰְּӡһССӳ͸ΪԺǲŹġ
ҶЦԭôĸӰпʱ֪˭ôԺӶӳҵ£ֻûӣߣֻоһ·볢ʲôζ


1318 ؾǹ
һҶ⻰Ũصвζﲻɵһ£ǲˡ
ҶΣ㣬Ҫ㣬𺦻ǺͳԺ֮Ĺϵʱֲ֮г¼ܸô
ҶкâʢԲ붢˵ֻ֪ҵξǰѳԺѵһ֧Ķ飬ΣҪܵġ㲻ճѵĿѵײɳ٣վ棬óʮӡˣҴ򣡡
Щ˵УҲĻµĸҲҶΰǻ뵽鵱г䵱ֵˡ
ҶεϹĸˣСӵĸ첲ŤסһСӵһţһǶͷһȭȰСӵսȻŤס첲һϣ䳡ϵϣҪ֡
Сڸо֪ҶˣϽҲˣ뿪вУҲˣѾӵˣûȨҡ
ҶɭȻȻͨӵĿˣһǼᣬӵˡȻ˵ɾͲˣ˵ӣЩˣ˵ƻģһҲΪټһٱӣ򣡡
ӵţ;һӽźһֱӵԺסǶӳǻһ£Ͷձ׼վˡ
λûԹûļһʮӣѾʹȥˡ
̵ʿʾҶε˵ȹѺúţȰˣŴ򡣡
⻰˵赭деӳԱУȴﷺһ
еӳԱȫվﲻϸʱкܶ˵ļⶼʼˣеﺦ£еǲı֡
ҶЦ㿴ǣһģﲻûһսģģһսʿôһѪԶûУǾôͳҲúﲻﲻֻ˼Ҹ㡣
٣һȺ𣺡ս
ҶбһۣһŨüۣһӢĺ׳ʵС˵
УҶ˵
׳ʵСɫҽܺʿ򳤹̣顣
ܺһһҶΣȭǰһݣֱҶεŴ
ҶεͷЩ·еֵ˼ɶиƱ׾ȴƾԼȭöֵ޿ɵʵϾͻеĿšֻһжǽȭ㹻صǰ¡
һû˵Ҷһ̧ӭܺȭͷȥȴ˳ܺĹԱһ
ʱܺ;Լʯ·𱻰ε˸һ˳Ҷķǰһ塣
Ҷ΢΢һܺʰס壬ǰײ˼һʺſ˵ϡܺپϷգŭһһ㣬ȭҶεĺ󲱾
ҶߵΪһʧȫɥʧǣеȫԴֻйȴûбҵʶ·
˵䣬Ҷһ磬ܺһȭѾ߿գؿڽʵʵײҶεļϡ
ܺ͸оԼؿھײʯһʱؿһƣЩ
ҶλתѹڣһУסҾʹ磬ȭ
˵꣬Ҷλȭ·һһܺ粿λֵ֪ܺʵֲ̫ﻹӲӣȻԷԼ磬ǾͶɡ
ܺʱ򣬷ͲǲܵġԷȭٶȺܺôҶεȭͷƹ֮һλ
ܺҲһӲۼ޷ܣ˫ּӳʮּܣݺһӭҪҶεһȭ
ܺǣԼ˫ӭҶεȭͷʱǶԷûκεʱȻҶһ羢ܺٸԼܵǧʯĺɨһ󵹷ˤ䵽ϡ
ܺŬ˦˦ͷһ׼ľˣͷأԲѣȴ˵٣ҷˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦãܺҽа壬˷УǹأУ
ܺ˵ǣܲȥˡ
ˣҵĹϽΧڣҾϴ󣬲˭ҪҵĻô˭ʹ˭棬ǰǵɽҲøҳ壡ûӣֻб¸ߵͣӽ쿪ʼˣȻǱ䣬Ӯĵ٣ľ͸ʵʵСﲻƴĵط
˵꣬ҶξȻﳤȥеӳԱûһҶģһֱȵʱ֣ҶβŴҡڹЩԱһˮʪ͸壬ͷ
һǵĶֳ飬СӣӵĽƣӳĻ£󲿷ʶûءеĽƣȫƾ汾³Էġб¾͵٣ûµС˵ҪҸǸᣬ֧飬Ҷ²Ҫث֣


1319 ɧ
ҶЦϾװǲǾԼ䣿е᲻ǲǣǣ˾װζΣǵļ԰ʱװֻԼļˡǴ˾װҪԼ԰ÿһأѪھԼ԰İ
˵Ҷ˵סҰÿһսѣǵֵܿģˣһֵܵѰǣµˣҪǱܴʤ̵ľˣֵܵսȥĳ٣ѵսʿǽֵô
٣Ը㣬ֻҪһ仰ϵɽ»𺣰ҲԸ⡣
Ҷ˳һȴǸԼѵһܺҶεͷЦð˾ӦӣСӣͿûбȥϵɽ»ˣûǸ£ȥ
һ仰е˶ЦҶҶεӡ˸Ĺۡ˾ãϿĶӳĲ飬źĬĸо
գֻһٶ뿪˶飬ҶζЩˣ̬ʮֺͰȥ
ҶĻ´Ӻ󱸲ѡһٶˣ˳ԺӵĽƣȻ󣬾͸Լ룬еĶԱֳжӣʮСӣһٸС顣
鳤ٵҶȫܣȡ䶨ʤԭѡΡһѡΣҶΰеĽȫˡ
ҶѡһЩ̿͵ıɱؾʱʹõľֶΣϤĴڸЩսʿ
һʱѵЩսʿˮƽߣǣҶΪḻָԱȴ֪Ĳ㡣
ûʵս飡һˣٺãҲֲ浶ʵǹһܣʵսлõľѵܹ뵽κεѵ޷ﵽġ
ҶΪЩʱ򣬻𲮺ȻҵҶΡ
СҶ˵ͻǲǽѵһн嫵˰𲮹ʵ
Ҷһüͷϸһ£Ȼǲһϵǻǵĳ
صͷǻǳ򽮵Ķӡ˵ѽ嫳һٶȻϳӣô
ҶҲͰԼѵ嫵ԭԭ˵һ飬ʵ𲮣ѵǽʲôˣ
𲮵ͷжֱڰǴӹ֪ԽģһֱȰ˵Ҫ򽮺ͽһ¡Ҿ϶ĵͰѹ˭֪ڽ죬ǺȻɧҵϢ
Ҷһüͷ˵ɧң²ô򵥵İɣ
̾˵Ȼô򵥵ˣҲ֪ɽĻǣǾɽʺҪɽһйӦɻṩģңɽϵԱɽҪǣطҲ˶ġ
˵ҡҡͷ˵СҶ⼸һһֱĥĻǵǲѾ˲ɾҩĵزһĿ֮ʣڿ󰡡
Ҷθæʵ𲮣˼Ǳߵأô
𲮵ͷʲôҲ֪ǳѾȫǽϣ˵ɧҷӵѾвǾİȫԼʵнϣʽŲ飬ȵʲôʱɧƽϢˣŻָ򡣡
ҶЦҲ˵ʵ˾¹ƣóǲǣ
˵ǵģԾɽʹӦѾһ룬˵ǾɽĹӦʵϣҿɽʾǡ
Ҷһ£ȻЦ𲮣齻Ҵɣģ֮һŪõġ
СҶǧܺһУʵҶ֪ģҽδؾԾɽڶһѾһЩ˵棬ʱ΢ͻĶҰ
Ҷû𲮷ģԼԳŵԲӵġ
˻𲮣ҶϰӸټ뵽һս״̬
ʱڵ㣬Ҷһ£ԺӳҹɫǷǰ
ǶھɽʮҪǵľҲΪɽϵʮϤڿɽķϣûлǺӵġ
ΨһһǺȻγŵģɽڻǵϡ
жӳǵĹ滮һʮСǽϣȻӦһжȥҹɫسǵʿ򿪳ŷһǧ˽ȥ
֮Բȡôİ취Ϊλ̫Ҫ˺ܶķյĸӦ㣬һзӹϾͻ֪
·ûģؼҪʺԼͻ¼ˡҶסЩҪע⣬ʵսԼɡ
սģʽսģʽҶο֧һ֧ҰսӣδǽҡȻֻѵɷʽսʿˡ
ҶθŴ֣ͷųʶǸС飬ЩûйҶεľѵѡһȽϿķλϣȻμسʿ㿪ʼӦһжӡ


1320 ľ
ȻһӰҶεʶӦУС黹Ǿ鲻Ϊɵھ´ˣ˿û뵽аڰп̽
Ҷһͷ˳ǽǸӰʾͱҶһƸˡ
ǽСһ֪Լ©һʱԴ
ҶεȵͷɥʲôѾĴǲܸıģڸϽ㣬Լþˡ
ǽСʶԼӦʲôϽѽӦһжӵĻһָӵжӳ֪ղԼСʧ󣬸ϽҶνָӡ
Ҷŭ˭󣿷˴ʡ͸͹ˣָӹ٣˭ܱ˽Լֵܵô
жӳ¶ɫתԼԱռƻ¡
ŵİؾͱȽˣҪҪԸľǷɢڳվڱЩڱλʮַɢҪǲȡɱİ취ǿԺɡ
Ҷθǲ׼ɱжӳһ£ȡػصİ취СԸڿСųǽݵȥǽϵڱ
ܿ죬Сͽ뵽սλãжӳһȫλϷͬжİš
Сһӵϣ໥гģиϺģרŸ𱻻εʿر𷢳ġ
ϴεĽѵжӳصذһ˸ӣΧûаڴڡ
ܿ죬Χʿȫжӳһ֣ʣµСȥ˴򿪳š
һǧӳԱڳſڻϣǸɵķȥΪڳִнϣһǧ˷ֳ֣һСǰ飬Ȼ󲿶Ӹǰ
ҶǽȥԼǴֱӴŴ롣
ŵʿһô˵ǰʶʲôģ֪ʲôطôĲֵģ
ҶߵģһӵܳжӳлܣСҲǸͷβǰʱĻºͽᶼ˭ŵȴҶʰķ
Ҷϸ£ܲ£ɽҶθոոıˣҪɽ𻢣ܺþûˣ£һʿУʱͲһ
ܹжӳȻǲģҶЩӵָѵ˵á΢΢һΣѾ˵ʿǰһ죬Ѿʿһ͡
ôģ˭еģ֪˭ôԺӶӳӶùģ㻹ҴСУǲˣýӸŰ
ʿҲԽϽ˵ˣȻǳԺӵģҸͨһҲӭλĴݰ
þûˣŸоˡȻǸоô̹Ǿ̹̹ɡ
һȥԺĶõǹô˵ǳˣǳ˵ĴҲ봳ʹ˵ţһ֣ϹһС飬еİʿסܳǰȥһžͰѳĴ߿
ʲôˣҹǲôһСӳģ˶ŽĳԺսʿС
䣬;ǰһţ;Լļ򱻿סӶˣ˵Ƕˣ˵˵ˡ
ôģˣԺִйСӣҸԺô˵ҿǲˣˣ˾ǰúñ֣ܹͷ񫡣
ƳԺӹȥͷҲܶһôеĳʿȫˡ
˶ˣϷԼıǽ£ֱͷ㣬ǲ밤һȭ֪ôܳͷͷһЩĿ·ָҪõġ
Ĺ򣬾һƬɧңжսʿѺһ˳
򽮣
򽮻Щһͦ˵ҶΰɣԵ޹ʵһǣҹץסгԺгǰ˵˵קǣץһô潻
һ򽮾ȻԼΪһĶӳðƵ򽮵̧࣬ȶŽ򽮵һţҹ£ôģǵ˾ǷʰҶԳԺӣҶǶӳôСУǻˣ
˵ţƵ򽮵ǰžž͡
򽮶ˣû뵽˰Լץ˲㣬ִ
ҶΣ㾹Ȼָʹ˴ң֪ǻǵĳǳԺġ
ûȽ˵꣬ܵĴˣôģͦӲ㻤ǳôˣľ㣡úýѵѵ㣬ô治֪ôǶӳ˵
ܵĴͺǲҪǮһžžžͳ鿪ˡһҲ˭ӳĻҪᶨִѾǸٹˡ
һֱȵ򽮵ͷҪȥˣҶβ˵ˣѾȻڹˣͲҪٴˡ
δ֣һק򽮵ͷҶΡ
۵ŭɫȴǲ˵˵·Ҳ̫ҰˣͲ˭Ҷһ͡


1321 ¾ʹ
Ҷվֱ壬ֵĹӣҲӵ˰
ʱһӳ˵ӳǰԱСΥӵĹأѾˡ
ŶˣСĶأҶʵ
һ嫣򽮵̲ס鴤һ£ϵ۾Ҳˡ
̹Ѿ£ֵʿڹءСе㲻ʵӳģٹһյʱ䣬ܱС飬ȫй
ҶεЦʽûжԳԺǿҲ̶¾ɽҪΪ
̿˽һۣ˵ǣϾͳȥ
򽮶ʱ亹ˣݺ
ҶγŽЦһһоͻˣǳô飬һĽе˵ȥ
ʵ̲סˣҶΣݺҼ˳ԺĳϣȻҵԩ飬ҾͲţеĳҲһˮ
ҶɭЦָһѰԺ϶ҧһͨġȻҿҪΪԼ͵ǿǿˡ
ûһʶ˵ҶΣѵ㻹ڣǻǵĳǸɽΧҪԱҲҰҸˣ
ҶκǺЦûǣȴġ㽯ϱ˻ɧôԺӵȻЭƽϢɧҵġɺܲңеɧҷѾƳһҶɱˡ
ҶӳֻССĶԹ񷸲Ūһİɣ򽮵ĿڷˣŸҶνкͽ⡣
ҶЦһԱֻһССӳ㣬ʳζ
⻰а˼ںˣϽĵҶӳģҾ鷳ˡҶӳſҰͽỹأôҶӳȥأ
ǺǺǣ⻰ͦɵģ˵һҲûг⡣˵˵⻰ʱôء㣬ŻɽҶվ˵
ʱﻹ˵ʲô棿ѾˣǾһܵװɡ
ҶӳԲ鷢ģҽĳ˶췢ģԺٸҶӳ鷳Ҳú򽮱Ƶûа취ʼ䷢ˡ
Ҷεͷе⣬Ƿô°
һ׹Ͻ˵ȷʵСɱΰҶӳӢ쵼£ǻʿЭԺӣڰѱ֮ԷΪ˱ʾԳԺӵľ⣬ҽףӾǮԱ⡣
ҶЦһ˵Ӧ䰡ǲ֪˵ǲﻰҵ۾
ʶҶε۾˵ȴԼ·뵽һİУԼеʶȫһɭڰĻС
Ȼ򽮾;ԼʶȻųһ⣬ת˲ʧһգۣΧǸϤ硣
֮ĲްʶУͶһʶӣҪҲĻǿʶӾͻᱬը룬Լǰ׳յζɣ
ҶεĻý־ŭȴһĿ־ȡȫ˼άҲǼʶˣովһĻҶԼԴֽš
̫ˣ򽮿ҶεУη֮ɫ
Ҷһ֣ʾ°ѽ򽮷ſȻһ·˵ṩǮҶĳмȻŵģͷṩȫװŽܾɣ
һ£û£壬塭װҶӳǺⰡ
Ҷûлش򽮵ʣ˵ôʲôѴô
һҧ˵ûʲôֻҪҶӳҪȻ֧֣
ҶκݺһĽ򽮵ļ˵ʹ죡ҾͶлĺˣˣ嫴ϣСӣǴͷ˵㣬ʵ˻ǲģǴȥúõһһ֮
򽮶ʱңʲô˲ţץȥʰڣȻһǧԸ⣬ҲֻܿҶδѺŽ嫣ҡ˾ɽ
Ҷδ·ȴֻ𲮼ҴҸҶδ˻ʣСҶôȥʲôˣ
ҶЦ𲮣ⲻǻǳôǾɽĹ֮ǣƽϢӡ
ߣСҶٸҴۣʲôƽϢӣҿȥһ࣡Ǹոնʲôȥˣ
ȣȥƽϢˣ컹ҪϳԺΪ빦Ҫ׳ٵǮʾлءˣҲǰӣѽ嫴뵽УѾˡţʽ嫰
𲮰Ҷθеһߣֻ۾ζסҶΣ˵Сӣղ˵Ļٸ˵һ飡
Ҷ֪ˣ㲻Լһж˵һ顣ȻЩ̫ĵطҶξ͸ʡȥˡ


1322 
𲮵ľһһҶδһǧϮǿʼ֪ܶĽˣ𲮻̲סʼС
˺˵Ź򽮣թװ𲮸оҶֵЩ̫ˡ
СҶôе̫˰ѵһ½򽮣͵ŴһҲˣңҹϮթģӰɲðСҶҪ֪ǵδĳ
Ҷɫ˵𲮣֪ҵϣһĸߡǣٵǣֶܹͨǵĸôҪ˭Ҳܻرܵʵ˵򽮰ɣɽеĳȻҪЮɽȡ
ȣСҶԼŴɡ˵仰ʱ̺̫ΣҶοŶЩв̡
һжΪһϣδһѡ
ҶιزŻ𲮣һ˾ɽ;УҶ𲮻㱨ԼĹҸ߻𲮣Ժڻָˣǿսľӡ
һӣԭһŻӣҶһԤӸѵϣ𲮿ԴΪƹܳԺӡ
𲮶Ҷε˼·˿϶ԼƹϣԼͬ뷨
СҶδ˵ģΪһϵϹŶǣûġǣҪҾ帺飬ͲҪˡϵľζ̫Ũ»ѵĶȥˡͷĴᣬʧܵʱҾãƿҵǿ
ҶθмĿŻ𲮲ϵףˣÿһļﶼɢһ˽ǣԼ飬кܶùĶؽ̹˱ڹҶһʱоԼǳܡ
СҶôˣʲô뷨ܸ˵𲮻Ǿ仰֧㣡𲮷Ҷεı仯ٴιҶΡ
ҶЩ˵𲮣Ҿ;ЩڹʵڲƽˡպǮѹˣҸɵģʴ󲿷ֶ㵽ͷϡ
𲮹ЦһΪʲôأԭСҶֻҪȫȫΪ£˵ǱڹˣҪҲĸԸóģʲôڹϿۣܱ𣡵һ㣬»𲮿ɲ
һĬĻЩеĻȻ
𲮣иڹǾǳԺԤӵı⣬Ҫûһɣ֧ʼԤӱƣʹԲ˳
Ŷʲô뷨ֱ˵ɣұıûУı¿µһˣܳΪһ֧սĶ飬ܰԤҲá
ģǲǳɧôǳԺӸƽϢô鳤ԺΪӦƵͻ״ԺǲģҪһ֧ԺרӦҾ֡ӵĽƾͿ˳ԽкЧľжˡ
𲮵ͷţ⵹Ǹתĺð취ԺԴ˿϶ǻвͬģΪǵΧǻǣһ䣬ͽһ֧һģĽԺԵСˡ
ҶЦ𲮣콯򽮾ͻᵽͨԳԺʩѹ˽¸̸ŵĶӽ嫿ԻóԺŵĸְǻµġѶȣнӦûܳɡ
һŬ£һǧ棬ǧӵܻǮˣҪڳԺӸһףЩ˸ˣǿ˵ȥ
ҶιЦΪʲôҪܣǵôȫƵǣ˵ѧϰһ¹еľ飬ȻƼְЩһȻıʵȱǰѲûء
òҶΣ˵СҶҶЩˣ˼Ȼĵˮ©ǻı䡣
Ҷɫ˵𲮣ʵһҲϲҼ򵥵һЦŭ࿪ģǣǣ⻼ȰڣʱҲɼ
СҶп»ͷӰɡԻ͵ҵûʼأʲôпѵھˣУҪǴӦеĸ߶ȣұַչȥʹ
˵꣬סҶε֣Ŀ⾼˵СҶǻ𲮱ĺڹҪ֪࣬еѹҪȻ𲮴ĶĶࡣԸֵеصȥԤӵıƣԸ¾״֮ǰһ£
˵꣬ȻԺķȥŻ𲮲϶͵ӰҶκȻо۾ģΪǣΪˣΪԼξֵ֧ˣҶûɲԼ飡
ҶΰѶ鼯˰ĻӵָȨǰĻ¡ҶԭϲĻ¶ӵ쵼


1323 
飬Ҷξ͸ԤԤӵʿûγɽƣϻǺɢġ
֧Ĺߣǻ𲮵ĸĸ𲮵ͽܡΪҶҪԼأԣҶγʱ˸ϽղμʦҶΡ
ҶθϽ˷ЦλǶǻ𲮵ĵӣҲǻ𲮿Яĺ󱲣ǶֵܣԺ򲻿ɣû̼λֵܸôƺ
Ϊһ˹ֵң֣ܣصʦѾ˵ˣһָӣʲô°ɡ
ҶεͷЩ˵ıô
ЩƽӵпɣнֹùܽЩЩӵܣȣһ쵽ֻٲ˵ֳЩ顣ߣǮƻ¸ǵģ˵ТǣǶա
ҶοЦҡҡͷӵֳ飬ϿЩӵܸ˵ΪʵĴ󻷾֮Ψ潻ʵӰ
УҶ֪ˣ֣֣ȥƽӵȥǵѵʽȥѵصȥЩӵܼ˵ҪҪ˭ҪǲԸ
˸ϽҶεȥһ˰ѽһƽӵȥصЩӵܼ
ҶЦߵӵܵǰ˵λڳԺ׼һ˲ţĲʽأ·ŵȥʵϰ׼۲һĺ˭ɿãȻƼְ
˵ҶɨЩһۣЩ˵ķӦ
ЩӵһһĸղɢɢӣȫԲ۾ҲˣеľҶεľȽԶҲܶˣǰ
ҶΰЦһ˵ĻᣬȫסˣǻûʶĿģȫΪ
ȺȻӵ˭ҲûзһСģҪϢ©Ǿ׷Īˡ
Ҷһ˵ΪϳԺҴм䣬ѡһЩ˹ȥʵϰҲǻ𲮹յģı׼ǣҪͨԺĸޣϣҺúϰ
Ⱥʱը˹ʵˣı׼ʲôǺ׼׼
ǰˣ˵˵Ҫﵽı׼ܹȥʵϰ

Ҷΰ˵ҪҪ˵˵֣ҿɾͲ˵˰
ʱȺҶ˵
Ժƶı׼ǣ͵⼸ı׼Ҷ֪ڳ﹤ǿҪЭ飬ûкܺõĵ±׼ûǲܵġЩ棬ԺһۣȻ¼ȡ
ˣһʵϰܹжٰ
Ҳ˵׼˵ǲ٣һǧҪӴ
ȫģǴˣ嶼˭
ţһ㶼ǵĳٽúѱиԺɳԺİ塣
⻰ȺϾһһӵܴӴҵĶ۰ˣҳȥһ°
ӵܣĲУʱԹϿúܣһ˳ȥ취ˣ׷ҳǧٹֵҶ٣ҶȫЦһһ׼
ܿ죬Щӵܶɢ
ҶľǰЩȫߣ˵㣬Щ˻ôģһ˵ѵã˶ܹãЩ˾ͻڿ˼Ӫġ
ǣӵܾȻûиһȥҶβŨȤҶЦʵôЩһȥ
ش˵ĻҲۣҲûʲôҪ飬Ȼóȥˡ
Ŷʲô֣ôģԸ˵˵ô
شˣ³ʿãʮԲŻᵽЩһ뿪
Ҫˣҵ£ֻƾű³ԷеĻλò⡣ҪûǸ£µáҶ˵
ˣ»ͲĻʹ¼ˣ۸Ҳǻãӵ飬»֪һġ˵˶̶ʱھͰѳԺһ£µǺڴˤˤ򡣡
ҶκٺһЦȻһΣľ룬ʳֱָõϮ
΢΢һ࣬ȻܿҶεĹȴǰһˣ̧Ҷεײ
ҶεһЦȥһѾ˹ײϡʱþ͸оԼ첲ǱһɽѹסһƾôԶֺ
ҶһˬʵĴЦֳҲûùó
еӣУҰɣʱɱޱӴҶԴ٩˵
øϽ£ˣһôʧġ


1324 ߹ģ
ҶεҪĿҪòӷһָӣֻϣܹʵֲӵһ滯衣
ͼıУʤǿˣкܶӱҶΰʤʣʤʸߵֱý뵽һֵıƴУʤеȵԱҪٽбԣѡʤʸߵĽ뵽һ֡
Ȼʤʵ͵Ⱥѡľ٣һ뵽սʿУľӱƿܾγˡ
ҶΰͳؾƣѡĸʮУ٣һ˵ıƾͳ׳ˡ
СӺܻ飬ʵȻȲĸʮУٲ֪࣬ҶξͰѹߵ٣רŸԼǳ䵱ĸЭƹܾӡ
Ҷѵ껰ʱ֣Ҳ˹ʹ𲮰ѳԺ׼İˡԤʽķţǾɽ
ЩӵܵĹҲе쳣˳ͲøϣЩӵһڿ˼ϵԼˣһᣬϽܣҶ˵ֻһǧٵȫ߹ϵȥʵϰˡ
Ҷΰѻ쵽ǰ¡ذѻ𲮽ܸ˽
ǣλ¸صǰ𲮣ӽ쿪ʼڵĲ˷ţǾɽλǰȡһšҲ˵ҿ԰˵Ǻڵľɽʽϣзŵˣ
˵ҫк͹Уڳ˵ģǾôѵûû֣һֱЩ棬͵͵ĸо
ԤӣԾǵһȵĸоڣҶΰѳԺıʽ˾ɽ׼轨͵ʽȷ˽ݣ
ȺбĻһ̵ϲã޷ܹġ
ҶεȺƽ˵ǰҲ֪ЩǺܲƽġ˵磬˵ȥʵϰˣеԭŴҲµõ˵ǣӪģԶѵǴ֮ãڣǵǰһׯ
һ˵ĲƸ͵λӦǺĹ׳ȵģΪͶģҼסڽ£ĳɳͷչһƽĴ󻷾лõģѪõұؽʷģ
Ҳʣʲôܹ˵ЩҸߴңΪ룬ΪϣΪЩƽ˵г޳ܶЩǾͻỻһƽȲ硣
Ǿˣ˵ʹʹԼļ԰ԣܹӪһ˶ϿɵĴͥΪˣǽϧѪҫԻͣǵѪģĹУõƪ¾ͽдɣ
һͳ˧ҪֵۺʣУܹ˵ѪݽǱزٵһγ̡Ҷⷽ棬кĵ̵ġҶεĻȾһʱȺ鼤ܣۿ
֪ҶεЩеʱף˵ƽĽȥˡЩҶѾ˵Щͷˡ
Ȼ𲮶ЩͷĻϵ׼֪ҶκǾά֮ȻгͻЩ˵𲮻ЩԽܡ
Ҷû𲮸ʱ򣬻Щܣ˵˼ĻͰҶνеһߡ
Ҷ֪ʲô˵𲮣Щע޿ɱģѵڽҪ飬ʲôԼĿô
Ȼ̾ĳҪ֪ġһϵûҶΣ÷ĻҪֻʱѡ
ҶСĲŻ𲮣̾˵𲮣֪ΪǣΪˣҲѪһУġ˵ˣңδһЩ仯ǵĶҲЩ
𲮿ЦЩʱ޿κΰЩҾͷвõͷҲָصԱҲһЩǣ˰һγɵĴ󻷾γϰߣ⿿ԼԶԶġ
Ҷξ㹻࣬ҪƷĴ󻷾ûѪֶΣѪһˣǾġ
ҶγĬ͵һҶεļ˵СҶǲЩηˣǲΪҶҡˣסҪ飬ǹغ⣬ʲô裬ҪͦȥҵǾͰҲҪƷˣô
ҶͷһȣϽ𲮣һĽ̻塣
ŵͷϣСҶ˵Щ˵¶ˡСҶ㻹ʲô㣬ܲܰæ
Ҷ˵ѵľʹӦԺӻУϾǾеıƣܳ֡ɽ³Ĳţû̫ӵıʹӦһ飬ǳ鷳𲮣Ҳ֪ӣǾǮ
һüͷҧСҶʵ㲻òģҾˡǼǶôȱʲôֱӸң취ͳô̵ʱܰѳԺӸˣŽҲʵġ


1325 
˵꣬𲮾ȻתҪߡ
Ҷμ𲮣ôż߸ʲô
ЦҪǮҪҲϿȥＯѵЩ᳤ȷɵǲǻ飬Ҫҳͷ
ҶεʵӽıЩƽӵĵľ⣬Щĵضǳ࣬ûܵ˼ȾúȻΪĶġ˳Щ˵ҲҪġ
𲮵ͷԲ˳ã볤Ժ֣ô
ҶصǰҪɹڵǧĴ飬ˣԾɽΪͷɽѧԺǲҪֵľ˲ţҪһЩܳĴ˲ţǳԶչİѧ
һ˵УҾͰͷȥԺ룬СҶ㻹ʲôҪô
Ҷ˵У𲮣һǳĶ飬볤ԺԼˣ϶ǻᶢѧԺģһҪסǧŨĹٳϢ˽Ⱦ
ЩΪѵеѶˣҾɡСҶô̯ܲаЩô࣬Ҫûйģôһ𣬿»ӵİ
ҶȻ˵𲮣黹֮һӳԺӳ˶Щ˽оѵڽԱϣԲȱģˣϻظ˵ĸ½ϵôˣ
𲮵ЩϾЩҪ޸һ£ֻʱ̫æˣһֱûн޸ȽҰѧԺŪˣϾͽС
ûû뵽ھѧԺϣڳԺ˲СĶӣΪѧԺѧ˺ʵ̫ˡ
ǻĳߣôԺʼԼ̬Իؾ󣬻ҵҶΣԲߣҶθʵһ̶ȵЭ
ǴʮȫǴģ˵ǳԺĿǰѾܿգɽԳԺȫĻִġ
ҥɷָ¸صĳ߻𲮣һҶεƻЮֳԺԼ䱰ɵֶθ˳вͬĽᰶ泤ϣһ޻ϵĶӽᣬ˵͵峬Դﵽ䲻ɸ˵Ŀġ
ڣǵĺھɽѾΣյʱ̣Ҷιƻ˻𲮣ԺοУļһЩе֮ͽȻ齨һ֧񹹳ɵһģĽӣԺѾҶеĿܡ
˷ָǣҶСˣȻһʲôɽѧԺͼѶǿҲͨѧԺͨ˲ŵķʽЩĿĶ뵽Ǹ䣬ͼ߸е
û೤ʱ䣬ʮȫǾӿֳһֱװǵĿںǴҶΣͷžɽǻع鵽һƽ磡
ʮȫǵжͷʮȫܱߵһЩУҲ̳ƵĶңһЩװ׷ðԵŶһǿںȴ˵һ£ǾǻɱҶΣͷžɽ
Ϣܿʹ˳ԺټеĳϿᣬֵǰơ
ԸᰶһԼĸǿǱﲻͬɧңֻҪóһЩǷԵ鴦ЩɧȻƽϢġ
ѡ˳Ĭ۲ÿɷۿ˫ۣǵҲ˵ͷ⣬ƫУչֳԼ
һĻ飬ںжȹˡ
ҵҶΣҶ˵ף̾û뵽Ȼ״һķܻݱѪ¼ô
ҶεЦǿܣѾչˡ𲮣ԺѾ֪һˡڽᰶܵʱ򣬾Ӧð˻ڳݻΪˡ𲮣Ǹ¾ĵʱˡ
ˣһ˵СҶ㶯֣
Ҷصͷϲϣң
˵꣬ҶϰѳԺȫĻԴӣѳԺΧûҶεκ˲ó롣
ȳԺжҶסɽ·ڣκ˲ýɽ
ҶԻ˵𲮣ټгҹᣬʮȫǷ飬Ҫһȷͳһ̬ȡ
𲮻ǼԼҶ֧֡˰еĳȫټԺ˵ҪľһҪԺҪҹۡ
ʵӰΧԺʱ򣬾ѾԤев鷢ˡ˭Ҳû뵽쳣Ͼ𲮾ȻҶҹټٿ顣
ҶΣʲôʸ뵽ԺУҪֻ֪гϲܹ£ֻһӳϽҹȥ
Ҷһ˵֮һᰶ˵ѡҶɭȻЦ˵Ժмϸͼҳǵ飬ΪԺӶӳȻξϸ


1326 վ
Ҷεһŭ𣬾ҵĽŲ𣬼Сȫװ˽еĳϣȫڿ˽䱸ļơ
ˣˣǸ뷢Ŀת˹ǺϣǳԺʲôʱˣѵһССӳô
һ˵ҶԼˣʲôʱԵĵжˣԺ飬쾭ģҶӳάԺҲ޿ɺǵģҪŽᣬѾˣҾͲҪﶷˡ
һҸһʾѾˣԺҶβҪܣǸùĳҲҪȥҶˡ
һ㣬ǾìѾ˲ɵ͵ĵزûѪ飬Ǽֱǳ˵Ρ
ǿƵһҶη棬ϾװԺռݵʵϾͳλӻǹԺܵġɵ˷ʱͳʲôأ
ҶɭȻЦڣӦǽ뵽״̬볤ԺӦȨԺӽо¹ƣңƤûκЧġ
˵ţҶ͵͵һۻ𲮡ף̬ˡ
ɨ˳ԺĳһۣЩϣеţ㲻ţҲųɳġ
˵ЩǷ׽ĺһڣ֪վӵʱˡ
ֻҪվԼߣǺˣվһӣǱҪĻˣʵ˼򵥣˲пᣡ
ģҶεԤ𲮺Ȼϵһ˿ʹףǽĳҪĴۣ
ֳɧ¼˽޳ͷ֮գ
뵽неһ˿ʹϱޱȵļᶨ
ʮȫ飬ȫһ֯Ԥıͼ߸Ǻ쵼ɽһңΣʱ̣ԺͶƱѾƽѵԣǿҽ飬ʵо¹ƣҶȫȨһ
˵꣬𲮵۾ӥһɨȫб𲮿ˣһԾͷ
ǸҶνаҲ⣬ͷãϰͷ˵𲮣ǰѸ־ǿӵԺͷϣԴˣҾԲḽ͵ġңҪɽȥɧҵ˽̸УΣ
ҶߵϵǰЦǾͲ˰ɣѵûѾȨôʵеǾ¹ƣĶҲȥˡ
ⳤϵָҶ˵ôңҿı߸ɽˡ
Ҷû磬ֻǿ۾ʩչԼĿ
ʱеļȫչҶεǰҶԤϵĲ࣬ⳡɧңʵϾǳϽᰶġ
ᰶ֮Ѫϻ굶ʹãǲĴ˼ڸģӳȥԺ󣬲ʧȥԼȨ͸ھɽԼ˽ϵ̽ɽһС
˵ҶνһϵеĻᰶΪʱˣͺȻ˹ҶεĿںţ˵ԺѾҶοƣԺҪΪҶοǵĹߣҡ
ᰶϾǾɽԺ֮һʮĿľӪ˲ٵϵӦһЩз֧֣ԸһҶΣܿвٵ֧֣ݱһ¼
ᰶṩɽģйļһ⣬ȥ֮⣬Ժлʮ˸ᰶ滥ͨ鱨׼¶ȡɽĿȨ
Ҷοϣһж˵̼䣬Ժѻȸ
ȿڵǻ𲮣Ϊһӵŭɣ湻Եİͨ鶼ܹɳôͳôһѬĵˣǵϣ
˵𲮵۾·繳һס˹ڵѾˣҲӦñ̬ˡ
ʵ֤ȷ䣬ʱ뻬ͷҲͷˡǣİողǸϽȥдǿǻ󶯵
һʱ䣬ȻЩԥ
ȴЦ˵𲮣ڿԺԭϽᰶ棬ڵԱֺ֮룬Ĳ߻Ҫ߸ɽıҾ޳Ϲھɽʵо¹ƵĽ顣
˵꣬ųԺĳϺȵѵҪȵҷɱϾɽܹôڣϱͬʵо¹Ƶľ֣
˵ţԼȰ־ϣҲ־ţǻ𲮵һЩˡ
һƣ֪ʲô޷ˣҲԼ֣Ҳžͬˡ
ǺЦᰶͽйϵģһɱߣѾԶʧȥͶƱȨȫƱͨʵо¹ƵķҶӳȫȨһаɡ
ȴǺް취˼ҿһʵȨҶǰܳͽܣʱ򿿹ȥǾǱͽܵĴˣѡʱ̫ˣԺҪɽԺɾͳˡ
ҶγŻ𲮾һȻԾͶƱĳһ֣λȻȨʵо¹ˣеҶĳԽ޴ˡ


1327 쳣˳
ʱ򣬻˭ȥҶεĻأһأǰ棬ղűȱһٸ˳ģҶô˵Ͻ̬
СҶǼûз飬ԺϾȻɻȺңǿ벻̣
ԺȨȫȨԺͨ棬˵ᰶ湴᳤Ժ˵ȣı߸ľ򣬱ֶƽϢңڴ˹Уҷ߾ǸΪУһֶƽѡ
ĿԻȥҶεĳƺ˱仯Լֶһƺ
ҶҲ֪ô£ԴҲÿɷЦŶԹ˵Ȼ˾ģǾϷһڽᰶ漰䵳ΪԣڶеĳжҵоǴ𣬵ڵĳнȫλķ
ˣæ֯Ժ֣Ҷһ˳ȥ
ҶΰͻµΣҶξԼҪԳȥѽᰶ׽ù鰸ܹƽϢⳡҡ
ʵϣҶβƽѵ飬෴ģĵǡǡǾɽİȫ⡣ԺоĳϣнʮһСĳԺԱϽᰶ棬ĸ⡣ھɽصĵжȺԶֹ
ڿԷĵģֻµĳԺӰ˰ˣһûγսĽҶǵȫҵҪҪ顣
ǾǷסɽǵһλοԼֻҪǻڣôеǺϷģЮıǮ
ԣҶξô˳ȥЩˣ޲ðеװȫھɽ
Ҷθ𲮣Լ뿪һҪǿھɽĿƣѾежˣ⽫һһ涷ڳֵĵˣɴɱǧҲɷŹһ
̵ֶΣȶҾֵǿӦԡеĵʵǳԣӮͨԣȫޡһԵ˻ʴ֮ģȶ̨ǾԲŹġ
ϣҶڳԺֵȫȨȨƾ֤Ŷ˾˾ɽ
ҶεĵһվǻǽҶγʾȫȨȨƾ֤Ȼ򽮵еװɽĽҪסʵֿͨȫ˵Υɱۣ
ʵǲʾƾ֤򽮶ҶεҲֻзӵķݶҶοǵԼΪĺϷԣĺԣ͸ߵʾƾ֤֤ԼΪȨ֣ʹ۵ĵԼ
뿪˻ǣҶδŶӳԱ;ĳȫͣչʾԼƾ֤Ȩ;ǣʵо¹ƣץɢҥԵˣҽֹһЩмߵĻ
ԸңЧֶξǲӣֻҪҵķΧѹһķΧڣ൱ڹŴ򹷣ʱγɼȫԸһֵܿġ
Ҷһ·Եľ¹ƣͨЩľ¹ƣʵѾܱӵͷ
ܿ죬ҶξͰʮȫܱĸҳи뿪ǰĸиΧסˡ
Ҷεֶθ֮ڲҪΧĳǰ˳Ǯ͹ܺԼĵطˡǰ£Ҷĵط˴֧֡
Ϊᰶ¼ʵ̫ˣ͵ʹãȻִӾɽˣȻҥԣ˭ҲɵͳЩɽᰶ˵ҶȨ¼϶Ǽٵˡ
õʱҲǺܹõģ˭ɵӣˣ£ɹãһ㣬ǿǵԴñ
סĸкҶβûмȥȡжǴ۹ƣнᰶĶΪȫ޶Сӣͨ͸ɢ
ҶСнúףᰶΪһ֮˽ҥͼȡıСˣͨҥԹĶһЩ˲뵽ı۶ȨС
ˣǱƻġֻҪ;֪ع鵽ӪУԼ̡׶֮⣬ֻҪܹԼ˵һɲ׷
Ҷ֪ҵӲǾͽһնװĹСΪ˭֪ҲǼС£ǱƼˣǿɶҪġ
ʱϣ˶׵ģֻҪϣľͻᶯҡͻҵԼӪڲ仯
ȻҶ۹ʮңûܵκι£ʮȫܱߵĳз˻䣬һеĳ˹Ҷ̸УԼ˽ᰶĹЮŻ顣
ҶʮֳϿҴӦԷֻҪͶҵӪУɱλɱɱ
ԼҲ뵽ƽѵӪУڹƻĵĽᰶ棬ҵҲѧűĳеӣϵͷͶʮȫǽ˷
ΪִԲ򣬾ͱ¸ɱˣͷҶΡҶóԺٻרȨͷʱΪŵ˭ܹɵᰶ游ӣϾͿת


1328 ʥ
ҶεĿϲȥϾͼᲿӣʼʮȫʵʩҵĹ
ֻŵʮȫѸӿˣȳǽΧļ̷ݵ㱻ݻٴʱʮȫǵ֧Ųסˣǲ뱻һȫ֮
ҶʶӹʮȫǣôҶβܣֻҪѽᰶ游Ūơ
ʮȫǵұѪѹ֮ѱȫǣҲûзֽᰶ游ӵټڶԽᰶŽ֮̿йᰶ游ʵڳǽƵʱѾ˳ܵˡ
ҵһЩ֪ܵˣҶҲʡ̱ƹĻڣֱÿÿһ˵ļ䣬һ˵ļҵܵڵλá
ҶΰǻǾǼලҵĳлָĳȻѾӦЩ氲ȫΪڽٷƵľؽеǺбҪġ
ʱ˵ѾҶεܾͻᱻַ˶ѡ˽ܡ
ȻҲһЩʮ̵ļһҪӲףȴǵ˾Զʧˡ
ЩӳԱ̫Ϥһ׵̣ҶβǸˣΪģҶƽϢˣһҪǲܵġ
ҶοԷİЩ齻ӵĳԱȥҶֻһԭǾһҪ֤İȫϲģ֣
ҶԼϸźŵص׷˳ȥҶţᰶ游ɥ֮Ȯһ϶̫ܵԶֻҪ㹻죬Ӧܹ׷ϸɵ⸸Ӷˡ
ᰶһȷʵеıԶǵ˼ܵ޵÷ǳ֮Ȼھа֮һֱͨ˳һɽ֮С
˵棬ҶΰСѴӳз˳Сһ̫ǻˣǲͬڱĵطǻǻˣҲ±ˡ
Ҫ˴ǽǷǳ鷳飬ΪҶҪдΪСǻؽǣҶεҶһֱСѷŵС
ųСѵ׷
ҶЩǣᰶ游ӵټȻԽԽɽнһɣ·ǿġɽڲټǺаġ
ҶξãᰶϺ꣬϶ǲгʱɽӴܵġ
ΪôӴܣֻҪͣбֵΣաܹ׷ٵģǲ任·ߣǲ޵ҲѰҵһķ϶ߡ
һͣζŰΧĴԽԽܵ·ᱻɽӵ׶˾öֿԴݰܱߵ·;ȫȻڴɽнʽѲ飬ȻܹһʱɰԼܿռ͸ȫѹסˡ
ԽᰶıˣǲӦó״ġ
׷һʱ䣬ҶоΧĻЩԾˣΪҶСǰУ͸оΧ־״ɽĸоһˣȡ֮ģһʮ͵գɳ뵽һޱȷɵ״̬С
Ȼ䣬СѺȻֻͣ۾ǰš
ҶСѵ۾ķǰһïܵľ䣬һ䴿׵Ļﾲš
һ˲䣬ҶεüͷȻҶοѴ׵ĻʱȻڴ׵Ļм䣬ɫĻٶȻ˳
ЩٵͻȻ֣ΧϣɲǼ䣬ҶκСѵΧĻһ㸡ֳ
ɫĻ٣Ȼһ𣬶ʱںɫĻϣ紶̰ĺЩҶκСѿ˹
һŨ㣬ʱ˱ǶҶɫСѣҪⶫǿҵ»á
˵ҶδӴָͳһҩƿ˺һ½ǣҩƿеһЩҺҩ½ŪʪȻСѰѱϡ
ҶԼסӴָקͨԵΧĺ
źɫٶļӾ磬ɫԽԽŨɢҶεΧȻֲָҶε۾УͺһƬʣЩ׵Ļ䣬Щ˼
СѣҶҶνСѣϺ˳ͨԵǰȥˢˢˢҶռʱ貵ĵâЩ׵Ļɨȥ
ȻĵâɨȥûгеĻĽ𣬷·⵶âһһֻЩ΢΢һ£һûзһ
Ҷδ󺧣Ҫ֪ͨԵĵâǿޱȵģǶǿķĵֿܹǳķӦ
ھȻһ㷴ӦûУⴿ׵Ļʵ̫ˡ
ҶǰۿžҪӽ˴׻䣬ȴȻӿһĪΣУҶɵĶΣյԤи֪ҶβҵȻһڰâķԼǰٶȡ
貵ĵâҾһϢûڴ׵Ļ֮УҶͨһϵеķʹԼǿͣʱҶξ봿׵ĻѾ㼸ɵľˡ
ǺǺǣһЦ𣬽žһޱʥ˵Сడʥǰӵɡ


1329 ʥʹ
ѪװĴڣЧľһȭȥ
ʱҶθоķϣһâ糱ˮһ֣ţâƮѪ꣬Ѫ굱Уһ˶Ű׵ͷȻѪ򷢳ĵطХȥ
ȻƺƴιȻڱϮĹһѪĹȻͬʯһ㣬ʧˣ
ҶζʱˣǰʲôĶ֣ѪǿιһЧҪ֪Ѫп̺һϢϢʧҶλǵһϡ
ǺǺǣС࣬ΪԼеͿΪΪѵ֪ķñô
СడϿڰɣҵ£һֻĸеȫԶȥ㽫õ
ʱСѲߵҶεߣǸ˵٣СãղĻҸоҾͺ;ĸһг壬ǼͨҾͿԶ϶ԿԵġ
Ҷһۣǿ۽ˣС԰׳ղߣôУ¾޵ľ䣡
ǺǺǣÿɰСС࣬㿴ɰСңѵС磿Ǹׯ°𣬾ͺǰ¼еԼһ
СѶǸ˵ãǳƵģԱߵˣĵаĵɣ
ǺǺǣɰС㻹ûʸҵݣһʢʥ˰ɣֻҪԵʥͿҵˡǸŹƻζ˵
еѰ˰ɣСװһΪѵ˵ҪŪȻǿ֮ģһԿǣŪ仨ô԰
С˵Ժ󣬺׵ģСȻһ˹ȥ
Ȼ׵ĻСʱȻ賤һ˼ɶߵĴ󻨰꣬סСѵȥ·
Сһ죬һЩ˴ҧһڿڸȥˡ
Ҷζʱޱȣ⻨ɲʲôöҪȻǸҲƻСȥ̳ˡ
ȻСȴʲô鶼ûзɳһ˹ȥգۼ䣬Сʧ֮УҶΰвãᵶȥ׷ϣͼһںӰӷ˹
ҶζһȴԭСѷ˻ֻƾԲԼлģǰһȭһŸġҶҪڿնһѰСѽסϽʵСѣû°ɣ
ӴӴǸȻҵƨƨ磬㿴ҵƨƨûףӴӴҶޣ
ҶϸСѵСƨɣ˵еˣҶһ˵Сѣڰɣôһ£ڴСеô
ô˵Ҷεп˾κˡҪ֪СѵǰǬްǿ̶ȼֱġСڻûлָԭ֮һСѵǾǿġ
ǶԷһţͰСѵƨɸˣԷʵǷǳֲ֮ġ
ߣԭǿķǵС࣬ǸĳСǾ͵ųͷɣ
䣬ͼΧʥһ˰֮УЩ״źɫٵʥҶκСΪģת
أЩʥתٶԽԽ죬ҶεΧֳһƬ׵ʥռģȻʥ׵Ŀռ両ֳһʥ׵ĹâЩâʵʻһҶκСѾ
նҶνͨԵ֮ϣʱͨԵ֮ţһЮŰ׹âĺɫͨԵм
絶һڰӹ֮Щһʥ׹âϸһ׷׶䡣
С࣬û뵽ȻôȻôѾ޿ˡ㽫ĳͷ
Ǹ䣬ʥ׵ĿռڣһµİâֳЩâֿȥǰİâû𣬿ϸʱȴЩâУк˿ᴩС
ηӭȥ˾㵵һĻˣЩź˿İâȻնϵ˿һ㣬һԽԽƬ̵ʱ䣬Ȼöá
Ҷδ󺧣ƴҪ߶飬Ҷô߶޷߶鶯֡
ʥʹǰ߶ôаĶ¾ǳ룡С࣬ҰЩһɣʡЩȥ캦飡
˵ţͼ׵ĿռûľӨ׵ʥʥʹȵʥ磬һ
ʱľӨ׵ʥŴӵߣһʥ飬ͼϵĺɫһˣɫԽԽǳ󣬾Ȼбɰɫƣ
ϵɫԽԽǳҶηԼ֮ľϵԽԽҲ˵б˼
׺棡Ҷξ֮࣬ϰԼұۣЩӨ׵ʥ˹ȥ


1330 
ǺǺǣǿ갡ڵӵһаʥǰеǿûκõģʥܹһʽ壬ҶΣ㻹ʡʡɣʹ߳
һԼ֣Ҷδ͵غٺЦһΪʲô׳յĲأȴԭ϶ͷˡһ˰ɣװŪһ飡
ʥʹЦҶΣҲ֪˵ʲô֪аļߣʥʹУǾԲܹڵģ죬ܸʲôۣƵһ
Ҷһ⻰ЩԣϽʹߣ֮Щˣܷ棿пǱƭˣ
С࣬˭ʹ߰ϵ£û˭ܹƭң㲻ҪˣˣǲǿЩǣʹʲô⼿
Ҷĸоⲻ֪λʥʹʲôĴڡ
ۿ鱻ʥͨѩףҶ֪ٲֶΣľҪʥʹˡ
뵽ҶνʶȫеԼڣһʱ䲹ĵ֮ȫ˵ұ֮ϣȻܱۻӳ
֣ҶεıȣֻӲӵצʥȻ˹ȥ
ǺǺǣļܰе˼˵޴ĽɫצѾʥǰеʥڽӴӲӵצһ˲䣬ͬǷһѣ˵ʥ׹â
ͬʱҶǿ嫵ʶצ֮󣬽סʥ׵顣
ȻʥϢȴûҶεʶӡǣٱҶεʶΰסϲǿҵķ
ҶβٿŰֻӲӵצοסԼʶ뵽֮СɲǼ䣬һɺ嫵зҶεʶ
û뵽аӵ飬̺ȻȴǰǿҶεԺкȻֳһֵͷ
Ĵɱ򵽵һ񣬱ˮһĶǣһ£ȴּܹ˵ת
ʣһֱһɵҶεԺУֱı仯ŻȻʡ
һеУֶΪĿ꣬ĿΪ׼ɳɳе꣬ȻΪһЩǣЩͳͳȳɳĿຣԾ֮٣ǴƵֶΡ
ʥЩǸӵڵȥ֮٣ȴʧȥҶεʶƣһ޷Ƶ壬һЧԼɸ˺ǴΪ
ʱҶҲûбѡˣֻܰԼʶƴƴѹƣԼʶӣָܹĿˡ
ȻʱһŮŰ׵һˡ
ŮͨѩһףҶεǣŮȻŴƣͷţûһĶסһ֡
ҿȻôߵãӴҵģղҾ͸о׹һƨɾˣԭСû·ѽˣ
Ҷεû˵СȴҽУ˵ˣСһ۾ĳ̶ȣգգţûа㺦ߵӡ
Ҷ˵ķʵ̫ˣĳζ벻ģһӴŮһƵ壬ҶϾ;׷գŮһ˫۾ȴޱȵ峺·õĶǴ˫۾ﵮһ
ҶβٿˣϽ۾ʶлȫȥ¿ƻ
ˣã˵ûãҸ˰ɣѾ͸ˣȸģˣҲܰҸˡСѰͦأܻߵʥʹǰԲѸʥʹ˵
ǺǣɰСղҪҧҰôˣʹߵǺԸС졣
ã˰ɲСǶĴڡȻҲ֪̫ˣͬˣαʶ԰ãСҡͷԣȻʥʹ
ǺǺǣСһ˼ãҵҪ㣬ˣʥʹЦ
Сһȣ׺ΪˮȴɽưҪ˵ǿǾ춯أɽӱɫĶ˵ҹҲ˵ֻ꣬Ҫ֪ݺʱ޾¾ͳˡ
Сⷬ治ǴСôǴţƤӡ
ʥʹЦӴô˵ǸˣΪҲ֪ȡʱ䣬Ҷ¿סǲǣС㣬岻󣬹۵ٰ
Сɫã⻰˸ˣҶǴĽϵȴĵİ࣬ΥʥʹŰ
ǺǺǣôôһ˵ЩˡСһȻ㴿Ľң㵹˵˵ĽʲôʥʹûмȥԸҶΣСĵûȡ
СѺȻһ˵һ⣬Ϊʲô㲻·


1331 ɴ
С⣬ûʥʹеѿǿЦ
Сûж㣬Щ黹úܻӴԱĿǰھԵ֮£ûʲôصġСһشӴ
ʱʥʹĿ׼
Ҷξ͸оһȻԼָоͷһѵʱпܵһ
С֪ҶδʱĴҪȻҲȥʥʹȥˣۿʥʹע⼯еҶСѺԥǰһ壬ﻹãôˣǻкܶĻû̸ء
ʥʹһЦһӣʱһʥСѵǰʥɢ뵵Ĺâ赲סСѵȥ·
ССһţͰʥȥʥʹͷҲЦСһǵøղ˵ĻôֻҪ̳ҵʥͻҵ£û뵽ô¸Ұ
СۼʥʹҪҶιȥϽһ壬ʥʹǰҪ˵ȴȻԼĶͬʾһʹ
ǺǺǣСһǲǾöӺʹɲΪ˻ۣΪ̳ԵĶ̫̫ԵµһЩڣʥصĹЧǵӵ̣ǿҵʹУСһƷɡ
˵ʥʹ˾Ө㣬СѵƨһţСѶʱһ˺Զ
ʥʹסҶΣһֵҶ˵ҶΣ㻹Ҿȣʥ磬ûܹͻƵˣȴֶܹͻơͻʥõӴ
ʥնҶƴƣ͵ʶٿѾʥĻǳʥӪĻȻնȥ
Ϳֲıʥʥ׵ķΧʱ·𴿰׵Ĵʯ˵һ㣬׷ױʥҫŴ۵ĵâʥƸң
ʥʹΧһлδЦҶΣһһߵҶεǰЦҶΣеĻҪǿشһ⣬ôܹͻʥģ
Ҷ۾ȴǶǰ׻һƬһüͷҶΰͷתһ˵˵ף㲻ӪһνʥžȡɵһֶصĶɣ
ʥʹ΢΢һҶΣԽԽҾˣôģ
Ҷκһ˵ʵеһУԴĵһִǾ޵СӪΧ˵ˣǰƵԸ״̬¶ʥĹͿе̺ʶ˼άתʥһ֡
˵ҶζȻ˫ֱӵʹߵϣʵνʥܹǿһּʵյȫڻʥ֮ϵģԲԣ
⻰ʥʹϿʼ粻ˡ
ҶЦʵϣĿ֣ʵϾΪܹöͷȻͻܵǷĥÿԳƷ֡ʵαƣյ;
ʥʹٺЦ˵ģöô㿴ΧʥһǳŻƵϢαƵѵܹһô
ҶһСѵߣСѱСѵעܣ̼䣬Сѵĸʹ˲٣Ǻߺġ
Ӵ簡ﺦˣҪұ𰡣Ҫȼɱ
ҶζС֮ЩЦãСѵСƨһ˵СӣӶʲô֪ʲô˼ô
СѺߺߵ;úܽ޵˼磬ô£ͦôҪҪҰæ
ҶһѰСӵ˵£û˵СѣסˣⲻһôʣԺ˵Ļˡ
Сѵͷ磬֪ˣ̫ˣҽֵܰˡ
Ҷζپ׹СӣѧЩʲô
ҶΣܹͻʥģӦֻһֿܣҰողʥ⣬֪ˣĹӦǴֹֻܹܹͻʥܣҶΣʵСˣ
Ҷζʱ׻һ㣬ʥʹ񣬼ֱ˹һۣ
ãؾȻ̽ˣʥʹ˵ʲôҲ뿪
뵽ҶΰѻȫҶ촽΢΢⶯˷·һ
Ҷε£һɵĻİ׹סʥʹȻҶζʥʹаʱȻоԡ
ΪԷͺһʯһҶεʶУȻʥʹ徹ȻǻȻһģ
Ҷջ˴ʥʹһ̴СϾ񣬶棬һ㵭ĺɴ
ĳҶξѣȻ䣬ҶεΧŭ𣺡ҹ
ԵޱȵҶΪĵĵ棬ֲӳȥ


1332 ҵ
Χ֣·Ǳϴһ㣬ҡҷ
ŭڿм˿ֲһŭȫŵսսԭأķĤݡ
ա
һĽŲһһɴŮӳҶεǰ
ŮӵòղŵʥʹûʲôϵıϵķϣʹŮӿȥʥʹ̫Ĳͬ
ССԴ˰˵ҿ⻹Ǵ·Ҷе㲻ʶˣ
Ůһ֣Ѿǿ鸲źɴİȡУͼһ󣬶ʱɴȫ˷ĩ䵽˵ϡ
Ҷ䶢Ů˵̫ϧôô˵ҲǳеļƷܹӪʥģǷƷ
Ůҡҡͷһ׷ģƾʥ磬ݺ绹δ֣û뵽ȴǱˣȻʧܵĶ
Ҷʵ룬ʥʹӦʶɣȻһˣΪʲôҪҹȥ
ŮЦ㣬һΪƣΪҪһЩĴڣƴԼĴ档һȷʵ˷ĴҶԸ㣬ȴǲмһˣֱɱ𡭡
ҶȻһҪ֪ҶǿĶ֣ѵŮӸʲôô
ѵйϵΪ𱨳ôҶʵ
СѺܲмڵ簡Ϳǵķı飬˵죬϶Ϲôģ϶һԹŮͷˣȻµˡ
Ů⻰û˿ŭɫһƽ˵Сˣֻڶ׷ʮһҲʵǿһһֱԸ˭ȴδԸҶΣܹһܹˡ
Сһʧ飬Ҷκ֣Сѣʲô飿ѵҲͦʹϧģ
СƲһŮ˼Ҽңôǿݣļ޲ȥ
㲻Ҳǽʥʹɣ˵ʵڵģʵ»Ĳ𡣡ҶǰѳϵմСѵĸЦתƻ
Ů΢ЦʥʹֻƳһףˣҵԼȴˣֻһţҪҸŶԵͽҵɡ
ҶһﶸȻЩĸоҵﾹȻЩ̵̻ĸо
ҵЦҶΣʶĹǲ֮ذ
ҶЦ˵棬ǻֵ¼°ɣ
ҵЦҶΣ֪ΪʲôҵôΪ飬һҵҲܹʧҵȴ޷ʧġ̾Ķܹ˵ͷԵġǻһ㣬ҲĴġ
ôҶβÿɷЦҵֶˣɡ
ҵֵ︡ЦݵϣӲͼҵ˫ǰϻһֵߣȻ˫ֲϱ任ӡȻͼҵ촽ȵǧҵ𣡡
һðӨӨĻ磬Щǳ΢ͺһܹһ
ǣ΢ĻΡΡǰӣմȾĲľûκεı仯һĪ˿оȴҶθоԼǱ˿һ㡣
֮ˮܣ죡ҶεʩչˮܣֻҶָһʱǧҵǰһˮ𣬴ӰкݺӨӨĻ硣
Ȼǻ˿ûܵӰ죬ӿˮǰܵˮı棬һҶο˹
ҶΣ㻹е氡ǧҵ𣬿ɲͨĻ棬һΪҵķֶƳĻ棬͵ǰѷҵķոȼˣˮĻǺЦ
֮ܣҶһȣĵָһӣʱӵ¡¡һǽ赲ǧҵǰ
ȻΪǿǽ˿סǧҵǰǧҵмһںǽ˳
ҶȻһ̧ͷҵָһ֮ľܣƣ
ٻδסҵͼҵӰȻͼһΣҵٵԱߣҶƣȻһգһһ̱ڵϡ
ҵĿЦҶηҪǧҵɹȥҵй
˭֪ҶηҪԾǧҵʱȻ䣬ղŻһһ΢磬Ȼ䱩ǵ˼ʮɳۿųɫҪҶθɵ
Ҷδ󺧣ϽΣҪ㿪ǧҵıƽ˭֪ҶҪ߸߶ȣԱŲǧҵͬƹ֮һʼ׷Ҷε
ҵĿЦò˥ҶΣ㻹ԽǧҵҰǧҵǷҵķյȼգԽʱоҵ׷ġ


1333 ҵ
ҶθеЩ鷳ˣӿٶȣΣҶξ޷ǧҵⶫ˺Ǿ޴ģûнӴҶξ͸оԼ걸ܼ尾ҪǱǧҵյ֪һ
ȻҶοڿЦҵȻѲǧҵǾҵһ𵱵汳İɣ
뵽Ҷһת͵رҵ˹
ͼҵԳЦҶΣǲžҲҪ汳ģ뷨ģԲֹһȻЩһȫҵˣ
˵ţҵ˫ڱǰ꣬Ҷξȵķ֣ҵǰһɹɵŨ̡
һɹɵŨڰ̼һҶζ˹Ҷβִ֮£һȭȴȻѣһɹɵ̳ʱסҶεȫ
Ҷξ͸оԼı۾ͺ˿ŨһǺñһѰҶαǿҵĴ̼Ūò֪ʱ򣬺ȻоԼ궸ȻǱޱߵһ𸲸ס
һֱʹҶ̲ס˻
ʼ䣬·ҵĳЦҶΣҲô֪ҵֵĿ֮˰ɣû˻ѵԼҵĳͷңǰ뵽ҵĳͷȥˡ
ҶϾȥҵﶷ죬ڣһĻĻĻ渡ֵҶεǰԼɱĵһ˿ʼбҶйص飬ڶȻҶεǰһĻĻչʾ
ΧҶεߣ˺ҧҶΡ
ҶκȻʶԼӲ²ӦΣѰ취ǣҶεԼܣԼΧγһܲµ֣һЩ񱩵ҲҽӴҶεˡ
һҶε嵹ʱõ˰ЩȴʼΧҶαһľ룬ǲȥ
ҶЩͷʹˣɲţҪĿҪնɱҵ˳ȥǼֱͷ󻼣
һʱ䣬ҶζɱЩǹȻѲǣԼҪǰеܶʩչе׵缼ܣЩȫǲġ
ԼȫģԱնɱҵ˵ֵõġ
Ҷͷӿֳʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ҶθоԼһâƮ˳գۼ䣬âһΣȻû٣Ҷܹо·һ˫۾ƶԼ
ǱѪ꣡ˣҶϹԱѪ˵ǰû뵽ŵˣ
ѪͷųһɹʶǸҶ˵һ޶
ٺ٣ҶΣôƵϰҪ֪ĹֶΣԼֱûκεв
ҶòӵɵˣԼӳûεڱѪʶȻ˵ûκεв
ǰǸǸ˼Ĳף⻰ʲô˼Ҷڨڨ˵
Ѫ귢һЦ⣬˵ʵкܶ鶼ԼԼĸйԻˣǰѵô޼ƿʩô
ҶһʱЩˣһ˵ǰҲ֪ҰܹϵֶΣȫʹ˰ǣȴû˿İ취Ӧԡ뵽Լȫʩչ׵缼ܣЩȫɵ
ѪЦҲǸİ취̫ܣѵ֪ܵĲһ鷳ô
ҶζʱڨڨǰеֶȫˣѲ뵽취
Ѫ֣صҶΣеʱ򣬲ֶȫˣ˼άִˣѡСˣȴ˿ûʶһ㣬Ѿûа취ˡ
ҶĿɿڴϸһ£Լûʲô©ĵطҪҡҡͷ
ѪЦҶΣҵ֪ǧҵô£֪ҵŨʲôô
һ仰ҶθסˣҶֻ֪Ũ̸ԼζܲܣʲôҶλûע⵽
ѣҶοʼԼܵŨǺǺǵǸʱ̣һĻ䣬ҶʵֽڴǿҴ̼ζѬǺкܴͬġ
ǺǺǵʱ򣬲ûʲôζоҲ˵ָоʵ̳ͨγ˴̼Լоܵģһֽ깥һĴ̼
Ҷοʼһ̳ӣȻҶ˵ǰĪ̳Ҳһ깥
ѪЦ˼·Ƕͷģ²Ĳ׼ȷһ̳ʵϾŨ壬ֱ飬Ȼ飬ǾǱʶͳ顣
ֻҶΰԼܵôֻѹһĻĻصԼǰ
һĻĻеɢȥҶθоΧһ٣סԼǧҵģҲڲή
ȻҶΧһȫʧˣǧҵ𣬻Щ̳飬·ûгֹһ
ҵҲҲΪԼҵʲôˡҶ˵


1334 
ҵûһϵļڲϵس鴤ؾŵɫⲻܣ˭ѵҵĿأҶΣ㵽ʲôֶΣҲܹѵҵһء˵ң
ҵ˵ûûܹѵҵĿʡҲУɱһֳͷʹκ˲ɱֻѾҵˣǧҵѾûˡ
ôܣˣǿǧǵģ˴ҵôܱƭҵģԣһƭҵģ
ҧгݿҶΣҶΣĺĽ㰡Ȼܸ㣬ֲǧҵЧǽ൱ף޵еĶұƴɣ޳ܣ
Ҷαֱ׳ģڱҵôһϣȻеĸо
ҵսʱóҵķ͵ĹǲҲһ׵ΪأûαƣȽ϶ԣƭҪܵҵأҪٲĻ㽫ٲ
ҶεĻҵȻ׹ԨĸоҶεĻΪ̫ʵˣԲŻҵԸӵĿ־С
Ȼҵϸֳһַɫ۾Ըӵ͵غ
ҶΣƴˣ˵ţҵֱָҶεץ
ҶθϽԱһ㣬ҲƵһߣҵԶԶ˾롣
СҪǰһȴҶθסˡ
磬ֱ̫ɶˣŪЩôаţúýѵһ٣ѽͷ֮ޡóСҵԴˣ۾д˳֡
ҶκȻ̾˵ˣȻûжʵʩĴǰԼƭԼֻˣǧҵǵûеõͷţؽзɣһжѾˡˣ߰ɡ
ҶСҪߵʱ򣬺Ȼҵ﷢һһ˻СתͷʱҵΣڵֱ
ҵ˫Ĵ۾Ѿֻʣ۰ˣ˫֣ԼϺץգۼϾͱӵѪġ
СҲǼģɶĹ쳡Щ̫Ӧ
磬Ҳ̫˵ɣҪȻǸһʹ죬ϵΰС˵ţС̲סһ¡
ҶθСѵͷ˵Сѣ֮ģҲΪеˡҵܵʹ࣬ɲһܹ˽ġҵҵȡ
ʵҶֺγûж֮أǣԼµҵֻԼȥе޷ֵֵģȱȴֶֹ񣬴񣬴ƣЩ飬ͲǼ򵥵ĺڰܹһġ
ҶδСǰߣСѺȻ˵磬ЩԾôоҪ׷ѰĿ꣬ǰ治أ
СѵĻҶβ֪Сѵʵûлָĸоǲġ
Ҳ˵ᰶ游Ӿǰ棬ǰǴ󳬳Ҷε
ҶʾС߾裬ȻСһǰнĹУҶΰԼʶͷŵΧϵ̽顣
Χûκε쳣ǰԶӰҶεʶ̽гˡٽһ㣬ҶοԶ϶˾ǽᰶͽḸӶˡ
ڽᰶ游Ӷ˵ΧһƬԲʮɵĿأΧľϡ٣ֻи׵һЩӲݸǵ档
ҶκС߽˿أֽᰶͽḸϱţһɥ
ᰶ棬ᣬ̧ͷҶȵ
Ҷεᰶ潪תͷҶ֮۾Ǿ֣Ȼһַŭһ޿κΡ
ܹڱѪϻ굶ȫ˵ˣܹԵġ
ҶΣ˽һҲ޻˵ΪΪܣǸʹɣᰶϸֳһɫҲмѪԡ
Ƚ֮£ûȣȻû˵۾Ѿɫ
Ҷھ뽪ᰶ游ʮԶľͣĵᰶ棬Ҫ˵ңҲûʲôôҲȺڲǣңⱳ²ô򵥰ɣ
ᰶԣɵ鴤һ£ҶεҲЩˡ
ҶΣ˵ʲôҲûˣҲǰۣɱǰɡ
ҶεЦӸˣζܰɣûУѱʱ˺γģ
ᰶһ£ҧ˵ҶΣ㶼֪ʲôˣ


1335 ޽
Ҷϸ̽Χ
˰ΣҶβԽᰶ˵ѵͰôᰶ棬˵ıû֧ô
ҶΣҺúڣô˵͵֮ҲղᱻǣңʿɾͲһˡ
˵ᰶ׷Ī飬Ա
Щ飬ûлͷ·ġᰶ棬֪ĸңһһġҶ̾˵
ڽᰶҪ˵ʱȻ䣬ڽᰶ游µĵ棬ȻŽᰶ游һҽûзͻ⽴
ҶκСѳˣ·ɽѪҶκСѵǰһɢ䡣
һʯһľ޽Ҷεǰ
޽˳߶೤߶ͨʱʱһĵ⡣ϿʽӣɬѶĻƣΨһ߶೤Ľ޻ڿԣһ͵
â۲˵һɹ졣
ŹâǰУǹâһ״ļͷһιҰżͷһĹٽһ㣬Ҫ˵ĶĤָо
Ҷΰæ֮еԼһƣʱҶıγһһ߶೤ʥ֡
һ죬ҶֹâҡҷǱײɢһ㣬Ҷξ͸оԼؿһƣҲΪ֮һ͡ǸֲƺʵԵĶݺݻҶεĶĤϣҶθоͷԼһѣΣ
֮Ƽܣã
ҶΣʰҵǸΪǵǣѵŪرôǸСǻǴ֪ôʰġҶΣ˵޵УôҵǰҪƲ棬ѵô
ߣҪбµĻҲͲýᰶ游Ϊնˡҽӽᰶ游ӣڽᰶ游µľ޽͵Ϯңĵļ˵ôҶ䲵ŶԷ
ҶΣᰶ游ӣֻѣֻļֵΪӶǵҡΪƲҾûа취ôƣ
˵ͼɵƲУһֻɫľ˷ɨȥɫƵĿɨһ쫷һƷΧƲȫɢһֱ졣
Ҷοһɫ·΢Щӣɢͷվھ޽ǰ
ɫ԰ףûмӣһ˫۾û۰ףȫǺڵʡ߸ߵı棬ɺ촽ЩĿĵĸо
ҶεĿϵĻϣϺõ˿ߵ׺ŸֱʯĻơҶ˵ȼɭϵĻˡ
ҶߵȼĻУϽƸҶεӡڿӵݵλĻҪߡ
ߣ˵ôˣֶЩèĵģԭһ˰ǻ겻ɢܳʲôɥù£ǵӰҶζһˣûкɫ
ٺ٣ҶΣû뵽һٶǵĺ£˵ĽòˡΪҵǸ۸ڶɧܹʰ㣬ͲҳˣǸɧǻǱʰˡҶΣˣҲӦֵˣû뿪ȥִǵһ
Ҷɫʲôƨ
⻰Ӳ԰׵϶ȻһĨΣҶεԽ˱塣
Ȼ϶ȻֳһĨ˵ߣҸһ˼ƽʲôҶΣشϢѾһˡ֪ղʲôôΪ˰
˵ӵ¶˲м飺ҶΣҲ湻ݵģǼ죿ͰһϸƳһôأһ֪ˣֻҪССһ£ˡ
ҶεЦۣȺ֡ˣһ˵ȻǳζͶһļˡʵᰶû뵽ǣӸǺһʼע˱Ҫȥıˡ
Цǵ磡ᱳԼˣĶ˾ʡպҧһڣҶΣʲôҲ֪ˣǾ׹·ɣ
˵ţһ֣Ǳ޽ƮУ޽ȥޱȣӵУһ
Ӿ޽ǰһᣬʱһɭȻĽӵ϶Ȼ
ߣҶΣ齣£ûлڣ㵽һ磬ɱ֪Լôģ˭£
һ齣ЮļµķҶɨ齣ĽϣһŻƶȻâʢһĽâͼڿжȻγһʻ״Ҷ
ĽâҶθоһɼ絶һĸоֵâȴȻоԼ۾·ǵȥƺ޾Ļֻ֣Լ׷롣
֮׵缼ܣҶεŭһ磬˰еʻ硣
ǲһʻ绯˵⣬ɢڰСҶͬʱԷĽâУʱҶξͺǶߵķһ󵹷ʮɣˤ䵽ϡ


1336 
ҶΣ˵嵽̬ĳ̶ȣҵҪҵĽֶܹãҪһǧҪʧ
齣ؿҶεؿϣȻ죬Ҷεݵ˵¡
Ȼо;Լһ΢磬һͷһСһĶԼϮ
޳ɣҶΣҲ̫û۹ˣôС㣬ܸʲ˵˵ȥˣΪСȻһɺâǬ޵׺Ϣ͵ͷ࣡
ŸоΣٽϽѾ޽һᣬСѺԼ֮䡣וּһСѱǱײʮͣ
СѻҪǰˣҶСѣںߴȥҪúһС˵ֶΣ
ҶεıȣС֪ҶεĻˣҲҶε˼еĺâԹ˵һߡ
۾ż˿סҶ˵ҶΣѵƾ㻹Ÿҵֵһ˶޷˯ǰɵһĸ֣һӲҵĵġ
ҶЦ֮ǰһĸ֣ǱŸһֿ뷨ʵ㶼֪ˡ³Щõģ㣬עЩһ
Ц˵ǰӮһٸһǧȴӮң죬Ҫ֪ǿһջǸʲô³
ҶγԳЦУǵĵطͲһЩǿʵܹݻˣȴǲܴݻ˵־ģǿߣҪÿһϣǿƾԼʵʱʵһĲֵĶ
СѲ֣ܶȴǿԸҶμʹ˵Ϊðƽ˲ţô㣬һӣɹʺ
ɫ࣬һرļһ˵ҶκСˡ
齣ζʾѾȼܵŭССָֻŽѵһ٣ڶϰڽܰķе˵ֱǲˡ
иһĨ׺ݵɫһ齣ббָҶΣʱ齣һ貵İɫâһҶΡ
Ҷ۹ƣûжɲǼ䣬ҶѾ׹סˡ
ͻһ£ڣҶԽԽЩɵˡոջԼزļһôԼļΣյĸоأ
ɵеȴ˿ҶΣ㲻ҪΣⲻǸԼŻҵСˡ㣬˵Укܶ˵ĻҪݣǵҵ齣£
ҶγԳЦŴ齣µİɫĻ˳һζЦݿС
жʱĿɿڴҪ֪ո齣ͷųİ׹⣬ǴŰ˼ĹâҶοȥûܵκεӰ죬ֱǳе
ⲻܣҶΣѵûûˣԣһֶΣܹҵ߾ǲǣ
˵ԼЩʧ̬ˣҲ⣬ΪԼ߾û
ҶǲڸոձҵǧҵĥʱԼڱѪָ򵽵Ĵȱ
ƣƶֻһȱĴ֮£ʲôܹ֮Ტأ
Ҷοʼһ֣˼뼯ϵģȵҶ߾뵽˱Ѫĸ롣
κε飬ҪäĿȥƽ⣬ִٵ˼άʹԼѡֶα٣ֻзſ˼άܹӦԶԷĹ
ʵȺľƸʷĳУ峤ʢ˥Ⱥĵ̵ġ
Ⱥ䣬Ǹݲͬ彲˺һΪ֮䣬Ч淽ΧȻг
ӳճУҲ뵽ǿߵеСҲֻһǣصľηȥЧ£ȥںϣ˵ܹߵĸԶܹӡ֤ش
ҲΪִε˥վҶţһȻٵصԸӵĵزȴȻǿģ
߾İɫŹУҶκȻˣ߾ĴСĶ˵Ӱ졣
һ£ڶսʱ򣬱ӦǼȫעԸˣʱȴԼסǸûľ档
ǲһϵıƴܵӰ˻һɶֵ
һУԴԼҲ͸ҵǧҵһֻҪӰ죬ԼˣҲ޼ƿʩˡ
ҶνǰԼܱƳһ㣬ʾֵƣ߳߾ĿơҶԴ׶ǳԹһؿ֮󣬾һֱ׶ܣĲ̫ˡ
вҧгݣ˫ס齣Ľ˫ĿԲȵ޳飡


1337 ޺
еıȣ齣ϵлȫų˶ĿĹʣһʱ䣬߲ʵĹâ齣Ͻƻӳγһ߲ʵĹš
˫ֻӶ齣Ҷտ˹
ʱ߲ʵĹâŴ˷ҶνΧһŵĹâҶεз·ɢŹϢĹ½Ĺһֱ˻Ҳͣ
һʱ䣬Ҷξ͸о߲ʵĹâ·߸޷ֱӵĻӰԼΧ˻ϲŭ˼־ֵҶεͷ֣֯Ҷεľ뵽ĽС
пЦҶΣ㲻ܹͻ齣ĹôôˣǲǸ㺲ͷýѰһѰɣ
˵ţһӣҶη˹ȥ齣ҪҶն¡
Ȼ䣬ͼҶ˫ĿһɣͷһӿſһԶźľ޵ҶεȻŷų
ŭһɤӣиоǱǿҵ׵һʱֲӲĸооȻӰкݺˤ䵽˵棬һ²жǱˡ
е棬޳ʧȥ˿ƣʱ˵ʧҶȻûôǱ޳Ҷε˺ȴǱܵ˺Ҫöࡣ
ҶһһɰʱҶεǻɽһ㱼ӿ
ʱҶε˸ƵĹâҶεֿɲһʥ׵ķӣҶδʱƵĹâһŨŨĹζ
дһҶλ޳Źû뵽һ˲侹Ȼת䣬ãĲ֪мżΪ𾪵顣
ҶһƵͱ˵âŴͣ˵ôܣ޳Ӱ֮£ô鷢
δ䣬ҶѾеǰȭͷоһȭ
вִ֮Уеľ޽Ҷεȭͷӭһ죬Ҷα˴˺ʮͣ
ҶκٺЦͦ򰡣
˵ţҶǰһǼȭ˹
ǾײһһײҶαһδˣһαһǱ
не֧ŲסˣϾеĵط齣ʱҶαƴʵԼ̶֮Ա֮
Ҷһιʱþȫ齣ʹһƣǿķ󼱷ɣҶιķΧ
Ȼǳɹ룬ǸղҶκµıļ²ѡɲĵҶιжʱǿ벻̵ͷЦðҶΣȻƣǾһɡ
ͼ˫Ŀ΢գ˫齣յ趯ģϵĳ޷ԶȻ䣬齣ϣһļµâϸڰлŹܲӡ
͵˫ۣ˫УҲ˸𲻶âɭЦҶΣղҵ޳飬ڣ޺ζⶫ߱磬ЩΪ鲻齣ϵµģٺٺ٣𣬺޺鰡
ҶȴǷ·еĻţЩâĺ޺˿ԴԴϲԼϡ
ȻеԤϣҶα޺˿߲סоϲӡ
ЦҶΣ֣Ȼú޺˿߰Լסǲ֪޺˿ߵ֮ɣÿһ޺˿ߣŮƵģƵĹУֱ֮ޣ޷Ŵܹ춯أ
ҶѾȫסоԼѾʤȯˣҶΣ㿴СС˿ǲһİɣʵϣ޺֮ᵽ֮޵޾֮ޣʱҪеģ
ҶȴǵЦУȽ϶ԣҵֻαƣȴǱɶӵ޼ޡΪʵϧŪ͵ֶΣΪܹӵĳͷô
пЦǸʲôֻгǿʵҶΣȻôҵҪں޺˿֮ʱ㣡
ҶεЦУĺ޺Ѿôǲǰеĺ޺˿߶ŵˣ
бҶεŪתһ룬Լĺ޺飬ǿսʿĸҲͽ̾κΣ˵ССҶˡ
û˵ҶιЦȻ޺˿ôѾסˣ㻹ʲôأ
ûһͻѾ޺˿߲סҶΣԴҲ벻ԷʲôֶͻƣЦҶΣЩȲˣȻҾͳȫɣ
˵ţ˫ֶȻ齣߸߾ȫȫע뵽齣֮Уʱ齣ɢȥâ˿У·˿˿Ļâ˿ȼգâ˿лȼգҶϵ˿Ȼһӿѡ


1338 
һУֻһ֮ңпҶΣϵı鶸Ȼޱȣ
ߣһȣԼȫȫע뵽齣ڣʱ齣ӿĹââ˿߼ǰӿһֱӿҶεڡһʱ䣬Ҷε汻â˿뵽ȥҶξǳëĹһ㡣
â˿߲ƵҶΣȴͬһûκεĶ޺˿ԶԶϰѱ֮޹䵽ҶεڣʱӦǱֵʹŶ԰
ȻҶεһɢޱȰ͵ʥ׹ââȻâ˿߻Ҷε룬ʥĹâֹâһ㡣
Ȼ䣬Ҷ̧ͷһޱƽ͵С
һʱ䣬еΪеȻֺܲõĸо̼䱻תˣ
ҶοеƽȴһָζҶεпһ˿ζ
иоԼڲϷɲľļ巴ӦǱҶɢϢֵû̻̲
ûϵıûеȼϵѹƣоҶɢϢʲôΣաǣҶξио֪롣
Ϊʲô֣Ҷεʵ
ûж̬ʾҶεͷЦȻ㲻붯֣ҾҪˣǧҪӴ
гջˣҶʲôֱǳ裡
ҶλУٶһٶֵķӦǣг׾ˣͶҶεڽûκεķӦ
޻ڵһȭֱӴеϣҲ˲ѹһȭȻ󣬴ʹҲǿңҶһȭȴио˱Ҫеĸо
ڴѹҶεһȭʱҪˣͼҪ㿪Ҷεⲫ
һ˵Ҷ˾룬ҶεμΪѸ٣Ͼȭ
ҪʱѾ鰤ҶκüȭпûҶô̬壬Ҷμȭ֮£۵ҽС
䣬һȭбһȭ泯쵹أľ޽Ҳ˳ȥҶһŲסУͰ齣
˵Ҳ޿ɺǵģǧ򲻸ãȥñ֮޺顣Υģ˵ȹ󻼵ĺã
Ҷ˵ţ˫һ𣬾ǲڶһ齣ȻҶε˫۸һѷĩ
齣ɵķĩһƮ䣬е絶һ㣬ᡣ
Ȼҧ˵ҶΣҰ֣ǼˣҲ˵ʲôҲף޺ΪʲôᱻƵңҲ׵㣡
ҶεЦʵļʶҪҵԶˣܹô£ȴͳһ㣬Ϊҵǿʵ̫֮ԶˡǧҵҶҵ˵Ǳ֮ˡ
бҶ˵ֱۣ˰죬͵ʲôû˵һҵۣЩܲˡ
ҶλûԲеܸܵУҪ֪ܿҶεеһֽϲѹһЩŰźǿϢĶȴž޽е湦Ч
ں޺â˿뵽ҶڵʱҶξ޺ı֮ޣԹ飬Ӳѹƾϲߣõķ
ܵ£֮޵ıŰһϡͣ󻯳Ҷܹʹõ͵Ҷζֱʩչ˴һ
ҶβеʻǽºݺһȣоԼĹ˿ֲ죬ֻҪҶټһԼĹͻ۶ϣ
лûĳҲ뵽Լһᱻ˲ڽŵ֮£б˵ûҶ壬ǿҶβ࣬Ҳֻˡ
ʹоԼĽӽһʱ䣬е亹ˮһʡ
ָ·Ҷʵ
пɲһηĴڣղҶǰΪҶôҲŹԼڣҶ˵зһǿҵ
ҪʲôɡкܹȻ˼һǿ϶ڿס°װװŵ
ףֻǽף׵һԼһߣǶԷҪ飡
ܼ򵥣һ˳Ժ˵ȥҾͻˡҶε˵
мֱԼĶ䣬ʵҶΣûƭҰɣѵô򵥣
Ҷѽɿ˵ԣô򵥡һĲֵңҲûκʵԵвΣ
Ҷÿеʶһʶӣ˵ý֪ͣҶµʶǸʲôõġ


1339 ԤıȨ
УһߣܹҶ˵һߡֻһڣһͻƵ㣬ҶʵԼ滮һöӡ
ҶηǳиˣԼ֣Ҷλӡ
ͨͨѶģҶθȡϵԼƽѵоȫ˻㱨Լ뷨ȫ˵˳
𲮵ĳĬҶε֮ڵġΪҶҪģǰѾеĸȨȫεһ˵ģſؽȡ˼
һ̬ͷǳˡۻĻ𲮣ҲԴԥҶȸ𲮽ϵԼ뷨ڻһ壬ûʱ˼Ҷ̵ͨļƻ˲ϧһд۵֧֡
صͨѶģҶδСѺлصʮȫǣڷҵĸУҶʱȲȡ˰ķԳԺʽĸеȻ;һһ˾¹ƣص˾ɽ
ͳԺӵı֣Ҷκ⣬Ȼھľ²ٵĻܲǼһҶͻ
¼ܲͨϰһǾͲýˡҶ˸٣ôҰѽ䱸ĵȼһΣȻȥ𲮡
óǰüͷˣȻǾ˼Ϊӵ˼붷ϵƣԼˣ۾в˺˿ȻǺüҹû˯ˡ
ҶζŻһһʮ𾴵Ŀ˵𲮣ˡ
𲮳̾û˵ȴָָߵӣʾҶ¡
ҶιһһپĬţܳһʱû˵
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬˵СҶѵһҪô
Ҷû˵ȴصͷ
𲮵üëҪ嵽һָͣϥϷôʾľҵ
ҶοЩ˰инԼ֪һ˵һЩƻоѾʵеж˵˻
ԣԶԶ˻𲮵ԤϡһˣԲǴѹżô򵥣һ߲ԱѾγһʶǾǱҪģ˵˱ūˡ
Ϊһеĸ߲Ա˲ټƻƶû𾪵ģһҪǵΧ򣬰ЩڵȫǲӣЩ˶ʵʩųߡ
Ȼһٳ˳ǮյǸ򹥴ǣõĲƸȫУǵ򣬰˭˭õԭԻ֡
ƻ֪ģҶΰһжƲġҶУΪ˾˴ЩҪһУ״ƽĻ롣
ƽģġеһУҪԼκǿַĻϡڣѾĥˣֻпܻҪģ
еĽϵ쳣أ˵һУص¼ӡ֤ǵż˵¼һֱڵС룬ټϴ˴βʮȫǵңһлܱӡ֤ΣĻǾֻˡ
ҶİѺΣеһȫˣ͵Ż𲮵һ̬ˡ
𲮶Ȼһ˫۾ζסҶΣһǰδеʵСҶҪ˵ʵҲͬ뷨
⣬ҶʵԻش𣬻Ҷ𾴵֮һͬĻҶѡ
СҶ˼ھ˵ȴǲҶε˼ϾͱҶα̬
Ҷһҧ𲮣صˣҲͬҵ뷨ҾֻһСѾˡ
ûҶ˵ֹ꣬סҶΣСҶѾ֪ˡã仰ף𲮻Ǿ仰ɣ֧㡣
ľģҶκȻоԼò̡ߣ²漸Ĵ
һˣ϶ǲ뿴Ƿ쳣ȨҪ֪ҰıȨĵ򣬸㲻ûѪɺӵġһ˴Ž˵ֱǲɽܵġ
ҶãԼѾ˺Լޱصˡ
𲮿Ҷε뷨վҶεļ˵СҶ𲮶ûκεղţҾľģҪ֪ʲô°;ϣĻͻװǾͻ뵽֮Сܺãоľܽеף۳ɰܣͷȥ֧㣬㣡
Ҷξ͸оԼ۾ȵģŻ𲮷·˲ʮף͵ᡣ
ŻһȻҶ߳˷䡣ǵʱʹ΢СĶԻҪҿȫµƪ¡
ҶνԺӣӰѳԺеϵȫжϣɾǳԺӽн״ָʱ䣬֪ͨ
ϰҶεٴη˳ԺֻظףеͨѶȫ硣


1340 Ȱο
ԺĳǣǾþˣһϾʶд¼١
𲮵ķӦƽָڵǰ£ȷʵǿĵˣǳԺڲһЩ־ᶨˣжǵı߸顣ҶָӵĳԺӦԣȫǺϷġ
ҶڷԺ⼸죬ҹߣԺôû䣬ʼͳȨ
ȡֶζȨĺԵġһ˶֣ԼܰԼˡ
ҶϸоԺʹȨһϵйƶȣڣҶҪܹʵԼ־һĳԺңģĶ
ͨ״£Ժʵм쵼ģԭԣһ飬Ҫͨϵۣ֮ͨϱʵеӶԭ
˶õĳ֣ǣҲı׶ˣǾһϳƤã˸µĺ
ҶҪĽԼܹѸͨԺȨʵԼĿġ
˼˼Ҷγһķ׷˵˻𲮣𲮸һЩ֮󣬾ķִС
Ȼ׷ҪͨԭԺȨܹ˳ʵʩ׷Ժϵ棬Ҫ˳ͨǿϼѡ
һǿ϶õӵģ𲮵ĸʣĳУֻռ֮һ֮ǿǹĸʣµģĸˡ
ڣҪƽȡȨҪŬȡҶζԴ׼ܹȰĻãȰҲֻܺгˡ
ҶΣ𲮣ĻһȰ˵Ŷӣ
һ˹Ͼܲ¸߰˰ˣɫҶμ£˵˼׻Ͳˡ
֪֮һˣԲǺ˵ģȻû̫ĽҲôˣһ˵ǣһԾŶֺ󱲣ܶ龡
ɽûԳһ˵ԺʱϯϣһôȥˣѾϡȣѾˡ͹Ȼн˶ˡ
һ㣬޷ȴ𲮵ģǹ飬ˣǺ󱲵ģã֮࣬ζԼϣ˵϶õ𲮽ʦһĹػ
ҲΪȻ˾ӶߣʵֻҪһ˵һԾŶĴڡ
ϽվԻ𲮹ʩ𲮣ҪûûҵĽ죬˵ûгԺͬʵĽ졣𲮶Ǻ󱲵֮еͬ˶ĵġ
𲮳̾˵ȣҲģǻʲôرᰶĸȡ
˵ʹļ׵ɫԱϽ˵𲮣Щ˹ĺ񰮣ҲԼʲôˡ𲮣ɲҪ˶壬ǣ˿ٲ
𲮰ڰֵˣ˵ЩˡǵҾ˵ôˣͲҪԼλã黹Ҫ˴ãҾôģҲҪûǰɣ
￩һ£֪ŹĿˡ
ǺǺǣ𲮣ô᲻ǵأģȫ֧һоģƶ˵
𲮿ڴн˶ˣô᲻֪˼أ
ģҾһģҪͨͨȥǻδСҶͻȥɣ뷨ͨô
𲮣֪֧ģǣôģҿҲ˰
ȻʩչŲ֮ԼûģôôͲ֪ˡ
Ц֪㲻̰ȨҲ̰ȨģӰ¿İͽѵİͽִǵδһʲôô
ΪˣȺǵ㵽Ϊֹûк޳ܵǵöǶîî˵ڣѾѻ˵ֱײˡ
Ļʱߵߣ˵ʦҢѾҵˣҶӳ֮£Ҳ˵ҿ϶ǿˣʦһʦָġ
е飬϶ǳ˳ھףҪôܱۣҽԴϲҪôͲнף仰вͨġ
°ҲûʦðһҢͽˣҶ׶һҲҪԴֵһԴǡ
˵˵ǶĻ˵ģ۾ȴҶΣЩˣǸһҲΪʦԸˣǻô
Ҷ֪ʱҪԼ̬ˣЦϷģζڳԺĵҪϿúܽˣҪ˾ӶߣΪΪ׵Щǰ˭ҪĹףǵĺˣҲӦõõء


1341 Ż
㶨Ҷβûеģûȥҹ̸һ̸̸ݣ̸ݻһ£Ҳչ˺İʾ
Ϻʼվǲ¿ڣڻһУԼʾǿӵ˾ͺ˵ˡ
Ҷδӻ֪һʱϣû֯ٿȫ峤Ժϵȫ顣
ΪԤͻ¼ҶΰеӳԱȫڳԺĻΧ˸ˮйͨͬʱǧѾɽĿеµͨȫ
ɨλһۣȻ󻺻˵λҪͨҪľҪͨΪĸ⣬Һֱλ飬ͬʱҲҪռһұһ°ɡ
䣬;ֵͬ𲮵飬ûʸԸûʸԻ𲮵𲮻سԺĹأֵǺѧϰھҾֱɡ
Ĵͷ£ȫƱͨ˸ղŵ顣
ȴҶַ£ЦͷӻеԵ̫ҪԲŻѻ᳡գСҶиɡ
ڳ϶֪«ʲôҩȵ𲮰ʮȫǵ¼һԼ˵ıȫ˵ʱеȫˡ
СҶѺЩ϶Ҵ𲮵ŭ˶ǺͻһŭɶԴͽԶȶԴҪӵĳޡ
ѺĶʮȫʣǸ繴ᣬıҵʵϸʹ
ʵ֤ȷ䣬֮£ЩϾͶˡ
ǵĹأУıңʲôһʵ
ʱǲ˵ˣ۾⿴Źеֻ˼
֪ʱ򣬾ֶֻζԸˡ
𲮣УıңڳԺɷ֮й涨ն¾ʬʾУ
ЩһʱŵûɢϽģһʱ䣬Ժеİڶ
£ϵ˰ɣִУ𲮺ޱ˵
Ļһ֣ƻսʿϹһЩҵĳͳͳȥվ̷ִ
սʿҲȥԺ󣬻ʹļ˵ҾɽԺһֱǵºҫķ꣬ҹȥһֱΪɾĵطǣȻȨڲ飬Ǿã
ѵԷץסѱǿƵĻ죿ͷù̲סһ¡
𲮣ΪԺϯϣҵ¾Ȼ飬Ѵ̣󳷵ҳϵͷΣЧȡ
⻰һϾйڹǵĹͣ˵ᰶΪ׵ĳңȷʵʹļףҲ쵼Ρ
ǣĳȥˣѾĳԺͻܸʧԺ쵼ҲᱻһϻԭλñȽϺá
ҶĿһףʱ飬ҪĳȣϾһȨҪȶͱҪչ˵˵档
ùΪжǣҲֹ֧ԭλһϯϡ
мϡﻩȴǲ֪С̣֪潫ҪһУôķǺ磬ӦǺŻᣬ˭Ҳܺúóȥˡ
ԺƱػᾭĸı䣬ϯϣԺڹ۵λҪڴڹˡ
ĵĻ־꣬ЦҲͱ̫ˣ˭أ˾ͺôڣһҪҪͨ
һҪ⣬˶һʱ䣬Ժѻȸ˭֪⣬ǽͷѹϷ
ûֱ⣬ǶһнľֵСڵǣѾû˴ǰŽѰϽؽȡľ
෴ģһɹСɽͷСͬһð˳ЩСɽͷСûаǣΪıΪΣ໥ȫΪԼС涷һ
¼ӦĻһָӳ飬ȴжضԺѡΣĻ¸¼֣ΪԺϣȻ֮Ѫϻ굶ʹõ¼
ʹĵģǽᰶ漯ŹУıҡ
еһУ˵һ飬Ǿ쵼˼뽩ʲԷ⣬ͣͲǰѾ˲ܲиĸĵزˡ
ΪеȨǷչĿģбҪԾɽԺߵȨĸ쵼ŵĹиĸʷʵıҪѡ
ĸĸ˿¾ͻǰδеΣʧʷĳС
̵棬˵ĵķԺΪ¼Ѿճ˶ʮϯλҪЩϯλЧĲ䡣
ǵĺĳԺǳڳԺһЩ岻̫ϱ׼ĳȰˡ
ʵ棬Ҫʮϵĳȫ˾Ӷߣ


1342 Ȩ
ʩһԺʱȻ׼ԺʣЩϣһ˱ԺĶ顣
һʱ䣬࣬Ի𲮵۷׷סûзԣ͵۹۲һЩϵľٶ
ȻﶸȻһЩ𲮵ĸû۵֮УΪǱϾҪֻ֧𲮵⡣ǣȻ֣Ŀ񣬾ͺΧһжûйϵһңĵϵҲһͷҵۻȻ
Ŵ˷ۣûннͣǶ͹˵ȻۣǴҾͽбɣԺǼ쵼ģǹƽɣ
ЦԼǣ̶δ飬ƽֶˣͬ⡣
˰Σ˵𲮣ȻǹƽġҼǵþ鰸ôһ涨Ǿ漰ش⣬ܹӰ쵽Ժȶ£Ҫ߳ϵƱ޳ɲͨ𲮣ھǴش¼Ҿñԣ򡣡
𲮵üͷʱȷʵھ鰸ƵĹ涨ıУش¼ΪҶ֪أһ㶼ͨġԣ鰸Ͼûб
ͬˣΪ漰̫ˣԹ鰸ԵԷƱϵĲ̫ơ
ԳԺģǿһǹ󶯵¼û˸˵鲻ش¼ġ
ش¼ı׼ͶƱͬʱ볬߳ɣһ㣬ֻҪǹСڲִ⣬Ʊ϶ǲġ
һʱ뵽ѵľУͬɣԼͨͬһȥڳԺĵķͻᱻɺϷԣͷ
뵽𲮵۾ɨҶҶγŻ΢΢һͷʾû⡣
ԼʾôҶƶĳŻ𲮵ͷ
Ҷа취ģ𲮻عͷԹ˵ϣǺеģǾͰش¼б߳ɲЧһʲôô
ղҲ˻𲮸Ҷ֮ĽһʱЩͶƱ飬ܲܰѵڲϽаɣֻҪԼ˶ͶƱǻһҲֻܸɵˡ
뵽Цû𲮣ⲻİҶһоޱֵ֧ģҪ黹Ҫҵ԰ɣ
𲮲ÿɷЦЦѯһνҺҵ˰ƱͶ޳ɾˣڹǿɲĵˡ
ڻͶƱҪʽʼƱʱ򣬺ȻҶελϣԵƬ̣ոսӵԱٱ˵ǳԺĳڳԺѡڼ䣬ܾ޶¸Ϊıȡ˽ʵ֤ȷ䣬֪˸
⻰һʱɫҰףһֻڱڡ
ߣҶӳʵ֤ȷ䣬һ˵İɣ飬ҲҪܵ飬ȡ˹ϵ֤ݲˣڳҪҪ㻹ǸϿһȥҪӰ쵽Ժ򡣡
һ̬µһĳָҶ˵ʲôȻڳԺʴʣǳԺһҹȥⲻ˵ĵط
Ҷɫ˿ģЦӦͯ۳ϰɣˣӵľٱڳԺӵʱøְȨܹΪʮ˽˵ȡ˾޶ĲƸصĲϿɶﰡ
ⴿͯۼֱҪˣǮƫƫ͵ԼⲻǴĽô
䣬ͼսʿ͵˹ҪסͯۡͯһΪҲۼսʿû㣬ǰ̤һ˫ôսʿؿϣʱսʿõŵ˺üһƨ˵ϡ
ĻͶŵͯĻˣۼԼ˰ˣϴȵͯ۾ȻҾܲϮսʿԷǳֶμˣϣ
ڵӿɸһģǷǳϸģ˵ǼˣڳԺɱˣҲǺԥ顣
ʮսʿӵǶ׽˷ǾεġЩҲͯ۽ʲôʽǼ粢һͯۼȥͯ۱ٸߣҲɱ֣Щսʿһʱá
УͨҲû˭ԼϺݺһţʱͯվȣһԣΧսʿûץסĸ첲һʹһšʱͯ۾͸оһʹϮ̲סɱһл
һﻹҧˣţǼͣͯ۾;һҲ֪ʲô֮·ٳˡ
һ֪ǶԷĸ׳н֮ƣҪǲֹĻԼ˻֪ᱻԴ
ס֣ס֣˭ôɵģʲôȨôɣܵץ˵սʿǰҪֹǡ
ִйÿսʿûѺۣͯԼ׳壬ѹﳤȥ
۾ˣָҶ˵ôĵӣȻڳԺף


1343 λ
ҶȴǷƵһЦţԹ˵԰꣬ѵˣӵУһô涨ģڳԺش¼ʱֻҪ鷸ƵΪ֣ԺӱҪһʱϴ
ɣɡƾʲôֽҪĹͷץͯ۳ϣҪ֪Ҫش¼ı˵ˣʲôֱ֤ץͯϣϺ꣬ϰѻתˡ
Ҷΰһֽݵ˹˵ͯνܻ¸ľʱص㣬ͯ۵ױʻִţ߶Էһĳĳ˰嵽ʲôλã֤ѵ˵ͯʵô
˵꣬Ҷ۾ɨ˳λһۡбɨˣȫͷһǾԿԿ϶ģҶξԲֹͯһ˵ܻ֤ݣ㲻˵֤ȫС
ҪȻôôɣͯ۷쭵ʱҶξôǡɰͯ۵ܻ֤óˣɺϵĻ˸ɶɵһȥˣ
ߣﻹ֤ݣλϻ뵽ܻ¸¼УĻ£ϰץˣҶ˵ţ͸Ļ
Ļһ֣˾Ͱѳе˾͸ѹˡҶִӻͳһֽݸ˻𲮣𲮲֤ݡ
Ц΢һ£Ȼݸ˼ҳȻŭҶΣôµģȻô鷸Ƶ˽뵽ԺУ뵽ͶƱĴ¼У㣬ϿЩ˸ȫץ
ԻһɫԹ˵ϣѾץˣҲҪΪ˸еʹģǻǸɴҪñˡ
ŻعһԼйˣҶܹץˣҪǰڵľͶƱĻͬƱ϶ǻᳬ߳ɵġ
Ҷˣʵ̫ˣĲ֣һı㣬ԼԵġڣøϽűİ취ˡԽȥѾˣҪٸҶζŸɵĻǾѰ·
лɽҶɲ⣬Ͷǵѡ
뵽ɤԴ˵λҾû𲮰ѽһʱνľְȷʵһˣ˼Ҳˣķܺھͱͬ⣡
˵ţŽżԼָ߸߾±˿һ
ڳԺģȫ˾һᣬһҲͬ⣬߸߾Լ֡
һЦԼĵϵȫ֣𲮻л𲮵ĵϵҲȫ֣飬ȫƱͨˡ
ջ𲮵⣬ǳʮĳϾҪȫ˾ӶߣһԺԭеʵȨɵĳһ⣬ȫ
ôЩϣҶҲ˷ƸЩϣԺҵϵָ˳һ³ԺһЩ⡣
óԺúȺôһԭ򣬲ɽİ
ЩµĿȱҶƵӺͽѡѡԭǹƽϣӹã¡ڳϵѡϣҶεĿܹһ˲ţʵҪߣҪͷԡ
Ժ²˳ҶΪƽйƾΪԺϯϣĻҲΪѵй˴ϵһϯĸһµĵϵһµĵϵǻ𲮵ĵϵʹְλ
ı£ҶžԵƿȨģʲô£ƱľƱ͵Ҷΰѳס˳Ժ
Ҷθ˲ĶҢΪУ١
Ժһȫٺ֮ҶеĽȫԺ¸ȡϵѳԺһУȫʽѸǵˡ
еȨ˶ԳԺıĿɿڴ𲮳䵱ƴʹǸӰĵطѲΣһ˵±䶯Ϊǵĳ÷չ쵼سԺʵữʷıȻ
˻𲮺ѲذǸȨɿ
ԴˣҶβȡ˰ߣһжã߲ı䶯ΪԺһͨĽ漰ĶҰԼĹһжᰴԭķй淶ġ
ʵҶεĻ֮ƣҶξŴԼĸҶȱٵ˲ţ˵ӴˣһԺģҶξֽˡ
ģɶԭӺͽе˲ţӺͽҲҪ˲ţֻٴӾѧԺѡˡ
ʱ򣬻𲮸ҶδһϢͨĹϾᣬǸ½ϵڲǰһ½ˣͨϵϡ
ҶδϲԴʮսʿջṩĴ巽λȥѰ½ˡ
ѰңҶҵˣȻ֣˾ȻҶεϲ¡
Ҳû뵽Լ磬ȻڵһʱڼȻ֪Ҷһ顣


1344 
Ҷθоúĸо
ڼ򵥵ľϯϣҶѯһ½ҶΣ½ڻʵػ͵쵼£ĺͺɳƽһжܺã˿ܿ죬ǵ۹Ԩ۹ָ;ָ궼ȲһƬ´εĺƽ
ҶΣɳƽ²ҲҪˣɳƽһģԼͻƵӵˣѣԼպټ
½һҶҲͷˡ˵һԼһЩȻصǵܸ˽
Ҷ̾˵ڷɣޱ䣬ȱٵľ˲Ŵû˲ţʲôɶʵֲ˰
Цǵ¸߳ߣ˵Ĵߣ˵ɾЩˡ
ҶιЦʲôʱҲѧİ֮ˣҲУ𲮻µǴţҪĿǼʮϰ˲ŰôҪעûģ˲ſ⣬Ǽֱǳ˵ΰ
ˬʴЦͲضȦˣҲǴҵ⣬˵ɣҪҸʲôǾ仰ǣ
ҶЦڻһҪȥŵù˹ȥųӡǾѧԺεԺǷĪˣ
ؽӦҶˣ㿴ǸˣܵĶ׼ǵٵЦ
㻹Ҫʱ㿴ǾѧԺɱޱӴҶ£ҲλսѿЦ
ȴеζæɫҶϣѵлʲôô
Ҷ̾˵ǾѧԺȥǸߴϣʵϣǻ𲮸ո뵽ֻ֣һ鳡أѧԱеѧԱסУѧԺΧǽûУôûţ
ЦˣһΪʲô̯أԭҶϣôһܣҷеˡ£˵ıԾͻ¶ɣЩӪ˿϶ȥµģϽĵˡ
˵ѾƱһ˵Ҷϣ𲮣ĳϣô˵ɣŵùңԸİţұ֤һжŪþ
ҶδЦҾ͵仰˵˵㣬ǣȨԼԸһе飬ֻܰѧԺãסҲҪɲŵѧҪܹϸڵĽԱһУҪһһð졣⣬ңһ𲮻ĳ϶С
վ˵ǼȻˣʲô͵ѧԺȥϾͿʼѧԺĹ
𲮺Ļ¶ȰϢһȥȴǾ£˵ʲôҲҪȥ
֮£ҶĻ¸ʮΪ֣ĻŽȥѧԺ
𲮼ߺ󣬶Ҷ˵⺢ҿҲ
ҶɫһһֱңЩ֡
𲮲Ŷеֵ飬һСˡ˵˵ܲܰæ
Ҷγһ˵𲮣ҿϲûʲôĸ֣ǳԺȻûƱڼĸ֣Ҫڳֵ𣬻УǵЩУһǵ֡
һüͷ˵СҶ㿴ģʵϾĿǰʵ顣ֱܣҲвˡֻ֪ģ˲žͺǵһûгһĸ֡
˵ȻЦʵˣҿʵҪﵽǿսʿļ˰ɣ
׻ϵҶȻûڻǰй̫չ֣ɻ𲮻ǿҶεĲ
ҶβÿɷЦЦ˵𲮣еʱԼҲ֪ԼȷʵģΪǿ𲮣ǺذûһĳһֱһѰ
𲮵ͷȷʵǸ⣬Ϊ⣬ҵϯϵʱһĳϾҪ⣬һֱһ˵⣬Ҳķ˴û취Ϊʲôԭų״
Ҷüͷ˵ǻֵ;һǴ½֣һһҵ֮ġһ;Ĳˡ
˵Ҷ̾˵ڣˣǻܵһΪ׵ĸֽɱ»ûеǣѾˡٻ߾ҵ
𲮣½Ĳ˵Ǳضˣôĸ֣Ϊû츳ѵ˲ſɹǱԭ򰡣
̾Ϣ˵ҵһеʹܲǱǣǷ˲ٸѵĺ󱲣֮£ȴǺѴﵽһС˵ԭôΪѾûпɹֳƱݵ°ɡ


1345 
ǳήϾҲ޷ҲͲʲôˡ
Ҷһʵ𲮣ǾûҴĳôҪ֪Ĵڿܳģ˼˵ıǨĴҲķġ
̾˵ʱʦ˵ĳڣһʱеΪԼΪ޷ͻƣȥط׼ͻƣеһλ峬ڵǰǷˡ
ϢҶβЩС˷ܣҪ֪Ҷζ˿ԼĶ֮ܰһλǰƺãǶ彫һĪĸ
뵽ҶΰԼ뷨˵ˣϣܹԼҵλǰԼаκλǰ
ˣɵҡͷЦСҶ˵þ棬λǰʵϾھɽ
Ҷıˣɴ۾˵ʲôھɽ
صͷСҶҲˣɽʵǾŵɽ빹ɵһȺɽƵɽǳԺڵһϣĵڶ룬ǳǰ˵λãĵ룬ǳԺĲֿ⣬룬ڳǰ˲ֿ⣬ڰǱǰĵطھ룬ǳǰҷյĵط
ҶݸЦԭôֱȥôҵλǰҹܱܹһˡ
ҡЦСҶҪô򵥵ĻҲͲõȵˡҴʦ֪飬ҲһֱҪλǰǣȴʼûдԸ
Ҷγһʵô£֪ڵھ룬ôûдԸأǲΪ̫ûҵǰ䰡
̾ϢʵϣɽھǱΪֶθˣܴ˸ֵʿоͨ󷨵ģڲ׽ϢģܹոӦģһطҲ޷ǰС
ȻôŹְ֪ǵʲôطҶκʵ
أھнԶܹ޴ʯǿʯ֮ôߣתһȦԺ󣬻ǻʯǰ˻ͷ·ȫ
˻Ҷüͷɵ𲮼ȻǼιȥ̽ѰȻǲɵǸصĵطȻͷǸĵط
𲮣ҪȻҹȥɣҵǰȻǺãҲĻҲġҶһ˵
𲮳Ҳãһ˰ɡ
ҶЦ𲮣ĴС飬ٲ򰡡ģ֪أɵĻ͸Ͻ¶̫࣬Ҳᵢ̫õġ
һҶ˵еҲûټ֡𲮴ӻͳһƵСҶʵⶫ͸øˣƣ㵽ﶼͨġֻʱ̫æˣ˸ˡ
ҶνӹһһöɫƣԿǵӻоɽķ羰ӦǳԺ߼ƣһϯ˵ӦøԼӦȨĽӰɡ
ӹƣҶ˻һȻСѣͳ˳Ժֱɽȥ
ɽʥأǾԲշеģҶΪϯϣȻҲҪ涨
ڵҲߵĺôܹɽ;ķ⣬޵·ҲһȽ顣
;֮ϣΪǸŵĲֿ⣬رҲɭϣ֣һ·ͨ衣
û߶೤·ҲأҶκȻһ鷽ľ޴ʯǰ
ʯȻһʯûоκεļӹ·ͿѻһдŻĸ֡ĸ֣ǿȥģĳϻȥġ
壬Ȼʲô鷨ĸдģǸѧдֵСдһŤŤ˵ͷСһҶοĸϳͲˡ
ȻҶθоһĪĸоҲһʱ˵ʲôоҲСһﶸȻһɷĸо
Ҷοܣûʲô쳣۲˰ΣҶβĿٴοʯһأҶζȻһΪʯϵ־ͷ·Ķһȥڴ
ҶγԾҪϸʱʯϵֺȻָҶ߽ʯּ渧ּѾȻʯΪһ壬ʯûֵĵطһĸоһ
Ҷ˻𲮶طֽйСѣŴʯԱ߹һֱɽķȥ
Ҫ֪Ҷο󷨴ʦûʲôܹѵҶεķۡһ·֮ϣҶСĹ۲ΧʶͷųҪ̽Χû󷨻ʯ
е󷨣Ҫһ֧ţֻҪܹҵһ֧Ŵ󷨻ʯôͻᱻ󷨻ʯҵ磬жϳзʽܹƵ
ɺźǣҶ߳ԶûзƵĶҲ˵ģԼģΪġ
ţȻҶξ;ǰȻһ߽һȻǿдŻصľ޴ʯ


1346 Ծ
ҶٴΰĿʯϵֵֹֹּĸоĸʲôŹƵġ
˰죬Ҷκûʲôջ񣬱һΣܲµķ֡ǣߵʱȴСѶʯǰҲ
Ҷθо֣ʵСѣʲôʲôŵô
أƲأƲСѾ߶һ顣
ҶοɸŻˣΪС鶯Ĵ۾·һͺʧķһ
ιιιСѣɱҰѿѣôˣҶθϽСѵͷתһߣʹҡСѡ
ҶҡһС͵һ£۾ָֻ鶯Ҷôżʵ磬ҷʲôôôôŰ
ҶοɲٵЦСѵģͰѸղŵ˵һ飬ȻСѣ˵ĻأƲʲô˼
˭֪СԺоȻһ˿ŵɫ֧֧˵Ǹ磬⣬⡭ⲢҪϹ˵ģˣûʲôְ
ҶܾСһЩԣֲٸʵף˵ˣʲôҲûз֣Сѣһ˰ɣҲǻûз֡
СѺȻ磬طҲûʲôģҪȻǻȥɡ˵ţСҧסҶεĿţקҶΡ
ҶȻ䰴סСѵСԴ۾С˵СѣǲʲôҰȻƤһ㣬ǴѵӴ
Ҷһ۹⣬СѰԼ۾תҶζӡ
ҶҪ׷ʵʱȻһлһأƲ޴˰Ҫ뵽أǾͿûˣʯûУܻʯͿԽˡ
ûҶӦСѼе磬ŻѻϹƭģۻ߰ɡ
ҶɭɭЦŻѻСѣǺ찡˼ңǲʲô˵鰡
СѲҿҶΣȴӲ磬ʲô˵鰡ʵɣǲǺ죬еСᣬûģģģƭС
Ҷκһ˵СѣΪСǿô룬Сǲƭ˵ģԼ𰡡
˵ţҶͱʯ˹ȥСѼתҪסҶΣܹסҶΰ
ҶվΣʯһȭҶǣʯûԼеôӲֻ˷ֵȭͰʯ÷飡
һ󣬾ǻʯƬصеʯƬȫ䵽˵£ΧľºȻ䣬ԭдеľգۼͱһʯɽ
Ҷι۲ΧʱȻһ𣺡Ǭ飬Ǻ˲ǧ갡һΪĻͻɻˣû뵽Ȼˡ
ȻղҶǸлһЩ𣬵ҶλǸղŵǸ
ֻڵ࣬ȻǴŭʮֶŮһʶСѣһСѵ͸¶˼ܸӣŭдŰԹѵѵм飡
Ҷ͵İͷתСѣСղԼߣΪ¶ԷܵģּооĻġ
С߳ŭɴ۾Ҷκ磬ʲô񣿾Բģ
ҶκٺЦСѣʲôʲôвѵΪһô뷨ô
һ仰СѸҭֱۡ
ôʱ䲻ˣԭŪһôɵְСѣСѣÿɰְ
ŻѻڸǰЦ𿴸ʵʧ٣ɸǷַӵ顣Сѻָ֌ŌŵӣԴţСβҡţôôɰҲôôǷ⡣
Żѻ˵ǰ㶼ǽСģû뵽ǻٴμʱһֱģû뵽ӡ
ҲҶζԼȥˣСǸ洿ӣ˭֪Ȼǣһ׮ǵسдǧŵİ¡
ҶθϽ˵СѣţȵԱתתһ·羰
Ҷһתͷط̫ӵˣͺͺģûûģҪСѵʷǲܵˡ
ҶôСܿСѵʱȻҶξ͸оǰһӣһɼƿԼžϮ
绹δ壬Ҷξ͸оһַ·Ķһ㣬ѾʹǷ·Ƥһֱ쵽ĸо
Ҷδ󺧣һȭֱϮķȥȻҶεķӦ㹻죬һȭȻһȭ߿ա
֮ƼܣãҶֵ֪ʵֱÿֲݣȸϽԼ˵ɡ
ȻƼʩչƲոհҶΰҶξ͸оԼҼȻһʹһ㣬ɹ󣬰ҶθȥʮԶ


1347 ƭƭ
Ҷͷһݣû뵽ԲˬؾؾȻûбԼ
Сѽ𣺡磬ܵŻѻаŵģƼܸѲĿ죡
ҲԭҶżϵľʹСѵķ˹
ǣڿСѵĹУҶξȻоƾϮҶ֪ԷӲӣֻܾ͵һʮǱƾĹ
ǰµĹҶοСѵϻܣһ¿ǹˣҶʲôʱôǱ
һ˿ҶԼܱ߲˻һǽҶαڡ
磬ⲻҲôһУŻѻûˡ٣˵Żѻò²Ƣɼ㰡ǲһʶҪȻá
ûС˵꣬һɳһɫĹâϮСѣСѼͣԱһܣܿâתҧ
˭֪ƹȻٶ죬ڰеıȴ쳣ֻ΢΢һתѾܿСѵһҧͼƹȻһۣѾתСƨɺ棬СһҽУƨɱƹУСѾһǰ
СһﵹҲͷ⣬Ͻ굽ҶλγɵǽŴ˿ڴ˵ȣǰȫˣôģ̫Ұˣ˼ǧ껹ӡ
˵꣬СѾ͸оˣΪҶһ˫Բ۾ڿ
磬ôң˼䰮ֲ˼ġС˵
ҶǱһӵĻ𣬱˼ŪôǱȻڻǽɲҶεıɫ
Ƕֵ⣬ǸС˵ĹϵҶҲʹɱ֣Ҳ̫ˡ
Сѣ;Żѻʲôϵûа಻ɳӵģҵô£ɹˣûһܰұƵϡҶ˵
Сһ˵ȣʲôģŻѻϹŷǳ֮һ۱£ġֱܹյʶȻԸУ˵ǻذɣǾ漼֮һ
ҶЩˣֲû𲮻ԼڻҲ߲صԭ򡣿ǸʯһյٽκʵֻҪʯǱʶоͻŻʶյ£ɲžͻصʯԵô
ⲻ󷨣Ҳǻ󣬾һʶյ֪ǰĻһӣҲ֪ΪʲôΧʯתԭ
Сѽ˵ţһ⼼ܵУʱ㿴ˣʵֻһΪٶ̫ˣп㻹ڿʱѾķ򹥻ˣǷʤ
Ҷ֪ϹʱһΣʱûر׺ı죬ûмļܣʲôޣǾֻܿˡ
ܹģһ壬һ壬СѵǰǬޣһǺպ
ŻѻܹЩ͵޽ľް棬ɼżصı¡ٺ٣Сѣ˵ʵ֮ô°㻹ʵɣȻٺ١
Сûһ£磬䲻һģʤֵܰô
Ҷε˵㲻Ǿǿ磬ҲûѸ統Ǹ磬Ȼ㻹ǽʲô㻹ǳȥɣ
СѵӲɳʲô׸ıôƳȥǿǰư
ҶҡͷӦûôأоŻѻҲѵѵ㣬ģ˵˵˵ҿɾҪ
У˰ɣ˵ô֣̽˼ҵ˽˵簡Ȼô׵İô
һ㣬ǶףǹҵܵܵĹбҪҵܵܵĹ˽⣬ȻΪнɲǰ׽еġ
ˣ͵˽õɸ˵ô˵ô׸ʲô˵Ҳˡ
С֪Ҷǿ϶Ҫ˽ԼһεģǶ㲻ȥˣѵҶΡ
⻹Сǰʱ飬ϹʱĻ쳣ӣ޼ı˴Ϊǳҡ
Сѻδɵʱ򣬾ҪڿֲĶǰȻ͵͵ҵԵģܹס
ĳ죬СѶͷۻĺ޲ðѵϵ඼ˣʱСһصĵط˾Żѻ
ŻѻǸʱһ⣬ڵ׼ԡǸʱŻѻҲСиĸӣɱһЩ޸ԡ
СѿӲˣֲȥǾŻѻȥڨŻѻõĹϵýµĴȡŻѻʳ
СͨƭŻѻȹԼһѰʱ䡣ʱûоŻѻĻСѼ㲻Ǳ޳ˣҲö
ҶδŻѻѾ֪֮Ĺ£Դͬ飬ڲμӵ֮ҲûжԹСѣԩͱԩгͱһжҵ°
䣬һһҶεǰȻһյŮ
Ҷοöסˣʶʵ㣬㡭С飿
ŮصͷȻкһСѡ


1348 ʱǵ
Ҷʶʵ㣬㡭С飿
ŮصͷȻкһСѡ
ҶοС˵СѣЩ飬Ƕ㲻ȥģ飬ȫÿԼˡСѣ˵ָĻҶˣ˵㣬ͰԼһҪڵ˶ϡ
˵ţҶθСһȻСѵԴ׼߿
С˵Ҷ磬ҺǬ֮飬ҲûʲôҲûҪ㿪Ǭ飬˵ʵڵģ㲻ǶʱҾһֱȺ㣬ŵţԹҲһˡ
СѺѵµӣ˵С飬˵ҪԶĵģʵôģʼʱȷʵ̫ˣƭԵġɺĺһ𰡡
С⣬˵ΪʲôҪ뿪ңڻѾ֪ˣΪʲôҪ㿪ң
СԴ˵˵Ǿ㣬ԲŻӵġʵҺһģǺˣҾŵҳ޿ƥеĴڣʹһߡǣǸʱѾˡ
ʲôΪұΣҪ뿪ңС¶ŵɫ
СѰͷ̧쳣ƶ˵֪ĸĸѰ챦תβݵԵʡҵʱȻʵ֪ƾԼŬٹܹΣҾ뿪ˡ
С۽һ䣬ʵǬ飬ƭңѵΪԭҿĴѰ㰡ôһ·̽˵ٵ¶һأ˵ļ廹һʲôҪ
ҥҥҥСϼ˵ûǸһĶжôŰԵҸȵģҲԼʲôУʰһ֮Ͼƨƨźö׷ҡ
˵СѺȻʶԼ˵©ˣϽСצסԼ죬۾βҿС顣
ߣô˵ˣС˵㻹ֹһι£˵˼Ҷų㲻ޣ
СϰԼϵСצӷſˣеⶼһԸģҾϾɽ˼ӣȻ˵Ҷ˼ҪĻҲֵ̫Ǯˣ
Сϵ飬۾סС˵Ǳڤ;ӥ˵Ӯҵõ㣬ô£
СѶʱˣǿ飺ǸǲŵڤбڤǿǿĺöԲŻ˼䣬ھӥ·ƽһأ˭֪ʲôȥ
С鵭˵˵ʲô㶼ҵǲǣ
СѶʱ˵Сҿһֱû㣬Ҹ֤һֱ̳ҩģҲ֪ģҪָʵõİ취̳ޣͳҩ²ߣûô
СʵΪʲôأ
ҴҸʶ֪ɱɱǻµģҪܵͷģε·;ͻ쳣ҩľûĸãΪ˳ҩģҿ˲ﰡҸ硣
һС˵Ҹ磬ҶθϽ˵СѰǸ磬ɣҸýǸˡһþʶˣ˵ôܸɳأ
Сһ˵簡ʱҾ;СΣҲŪγ˼ǰ̧ͷǲǣ磬˵ģҶˣӦܹҰɣ
ҶεãڳΣΪʲôȥСأ
磬Ƕʱ䲻ܴôҶ̣Ǹϳ棬ǻ˺üأһΪʲôΪҰôȥͰˡ
ҶοСѣô˵ҲǹԼиСܣҲܾܣͶС˵С飬СѸղŵĻģһҩĻأǰ˼һҩĸˣ㶪С
С鿴ҶΣٿСѵʱԻ˺ܶࡣ
СʵϣʱԼΧ磬ǾΪܹСҵһۡ磬ʱҪ㣬˭޷ӽҵĺǣֻСϤҵ磬ܹ롣磬ûѰɣ
ûУûУҶԴ˵С飬Ҳģ֮Ҳ˴ϤͲҶ˵˰ɣ
С¶˼临ӵı飬ΡΡС˹
Ҷ֪¶ʱ̣ôԼǶģԼǶԶһá
ܰʱ̣СѺȻ˵磬㲻ǽôۻǰҪС飬˵ǰɣ
СһֹסԼĽŲҶ磬Ǭ˵öԣ϶Ҫ飬˵˵ܲܰæ
ҶκݺͱһСѣ˵ӣôһܴɷ羰ô˲š
СС磬֪Լڸʲô㿴СôƯӣ˵ǰûѹô磬ˣҰɡ
Ҷ룬Ҳô¡СѾܰ˵ĳƻˣǾͰ°ɡ


1349 ټ
ЩҶξͰԼĿĴԸС˵һ飬ʵС飬˵˵ǰڴˣ֪ô
ҶǣС鲻֪еһУСΪ˱ǸܶµĽơ
СҶκСɽ
һݵӰڰգһעҶΡ
˫۾һֹ¼ŵζ·еһУﶼǸơ
ܣԵĴܣӦþСеЦǰˡ
Ҷ˵ȴеЦָָҶΣָָԼ
ǵ͵ս˼սɲ֮սڳҪָ󱲵һ̬
ҶμСѻȵСѣ񣡡
˵ţҶεһЦ꿿˹ȥ
ȻûȽӽЦ꣬Ҷξ͸оԼͺ񱳸һɽһǰУЦͷųѹȻҶִ粽еĸо
ҶһҪֿסЦͷųѹȴԼһжûãؿԽԽƣЩѡ
ȥǰ취Ҷͣ˽Ųһ˳ԼĺͷһƵŭܶӿ
ʱ·Ƿһ㣬мӿһԵССҲɫ䣬Ͻ˳ȥԶ
ȻЦһȣмļȫʧֻص˸ղƽ״̬
Цͷѹֿյһ˲䣬ҶεеܣһȭеЦȥ
ѪҶεŭȣˮһĺâҶεұϱųˮĺâת˲仯Ѫ꣬Ѫ굱Уһ޴ͷѪ̽ͷЦȥ
Цɫһ䣬һ̧ѾסͷͼƲͣתȻҶηܾȫһһ㻯ˡ
ѪͷЦһ㻯⣬ʧڿС
Ҷδ󺧣ǵ׼ٴνй
ˣضˡЦڰ֣Ӱ
ҶθϽסԼĹ׼ЦһǰҶΣЦǰ
ЦصҶΣضֻҵһҲһɵġ֪ûرҪ飬ǲҵģǲ˵ϻǸϿ뵽ɡ
ҶգϽԼ˵һ飬˵ԼԸЦ꿴塣
ЦЦҵ壬ǺѻָġҪǺ׾ָܹĻСһҾֱǵ˸ˡǣ»ʮֱҾѡ˯ȵܹƺõ˳֡
Ҷξȵǰ⻰ҾЩˣ˲żüãôͻ뵽أ
ЦЦҶϯ£˵ʵҵĿźܴĹҵһʹ̫أһĹҪҵָĻҪĸС
Ҷγһʵǰ̫ѵòĵҩвôҪ֪˾ôĻۣĵҩӦ㹻ˡ
Цҡͷҵ⣬Ϊ˾칦ټСΣʱͻأҿ͹ˡ
칦Ҷε޸һһֶĹ޸ɾͲԶˡ칦ʹϰ๦ܵشʱ򣬽뵽һּ״̬ʵʱ£ܹ
ЦҪĸǳ̣Ҫ칦˵ܣʹøܻǿﵽԼָʵĿġ
ںܾǰЦ֪ǵѾݽˣԼǵ˸ԼƣǾ͵ҪǵһܰԼ޸һǴ鷳Եġ
Ц֮ԸҶ˵ЩΪЦڸҶһսʱ򣬷ҶεܣҶڵıѪꡣЦ־ȣʲôЦ֪ģǱѪ꣬ǿЦ꣬ҲûԼõִС
Ҷһ˵ǰ֪֪֪ﻹ֪ĻңȥѰΪã˳κ
ЦЩɫ˵Ѿ˯˰ˣ֪Ķǹȥģ˭֪ء
ҶЦǰ޷ҵа취ĵ顣ֻҪָһнҾС
Цʮ־ҶεţǰԼ֪ĸҶΡҶССչ˺Ц꣬ԼʩչֻЦָĵط


1350 һ
ˡ
ֻĹâɢҶλ۾ԶԶȥ
һݲĵط˵һ˿һ޷о
һҶǿʶɢѰһ飬ûзһĵط
ˣҿɣäĿѰõġҶüͷ΢ɣ̧ǰС
ë֮أҶָоߵеˡ
ٻߵĵطҲ÷ϳҲ̶á

ǰһʱ䣬ҶκȻһЦͣ
ߣٳҶ˫۱飬·һ㣬Ŵء

һ΢֮ȻƽƺҶڶſ˵
ҶһҲż˫֣ĵصȴš
ղţһɼΪ΢ϢҪĻ뷨ܾԵˡҪ֪һĨϢϵϢ簡
ʱһһţһȥˣһʱȥˡ
Ҷ̲סҪְʱһΣȻ
ţʲôҶһ
ԴΪ˿ֲĵز֮ͺٻµĸо·Ǳסһ㣬룬޷Ľ١
ˡ
ҶæʩչֶΣ򵥵ķԷһ
΢΢з۾Ҷʶ̽ΧĿռ䣬ڻûзΣյԴͷ꣡
ģҶεһԺƳȥһɡ
ԭվĵطһĹ⻪ըѡ
أ
ţҵıըǿҵĳҶεŲһС
ôǿҶ΢΢Ծû뵽صĶǿᣬȻܽĸһ
жһТģҶۿţѾʱֵ׼
˻˻
кȻһҶζһƣһźɫޱŨ
ҶҲż֣֪Էʲô˵
ܿ죬īһӰظ˳ϸĻ޷֡
˭Ҷʵ
ԷӺɫ˳Ҷſ˶Էģ
ڣȻģ¾ûһ˿һǺɫĵط·ǸմӺɫȾ̳
ĸߴ󣬱Ҷͷ֫ؽںϥؽڴһش׳ļ̣ͷһĽ״
ҶԸ֪ʶԨûǵʲôĳ࣬һɫ
ģҶβһӶԷɢ
һ壡
͵أҶʧеѹ޷ǵöԷ˭ء
ⰵһ伣ǧˣô
벻㾹Ȼ֪һ壡
ԷȻ˵ЩŤȻûˡ
ҶüͷţŶԷ˰Σſ˵һ壬ǧǰ伣ˣ˵һˡȻⲻǴԣһֻȥƫԶطˣ˵ûдɡ
ֽʲô
ҶΡҶκԥ˵ԷȻ˵н͵ء
ҶΣˣǿˣԷ˵漴˵ͷסҵ֣꣡
ꣿ
ҶεͷȻǰһˣ꣬ûмǴĻӦӵаһѪ˰ɣ
ɫԵ˵ҶΣ֪Ķܶࡣ֪Խ࣬ҲԽ졣
ţӦİɣҶγʵϵ
겻ÿɷ񣬼ȤЦݣ˵
˶٣ƺһǿ˵ҿ˳ۣ뿪ĻҿԲɱ㣬û
ҶҲֱ˵ûʲôô㽫ƤɻߵģΪʲô
ûôͷֱӳˡ
Ҷüͷһšðɣ˭ģǲ֪һҪȻҲҵ˰ɡ
ҶЩǣ꾹ȻΪʵڵֱӵͷ˵ҽϢңңҲм˱˳
ǺǣǾ²£ǲһˣ
˵оȻЩĲмŭ
Ҷ۾һֱӿʵв˰ɣ
ʵ̫ˣ
ģ꿪˵ţ޾ķŭ
Ⱥļһ
ţţŭغ˳ɱ˴ˣֹռǰһʥأ˰
֪ںϵ˰ڻʵ۵ѵڻʵҲɱˣ
Ұڻʵ۲û
Ҷˣһֶοõ൱죬ðͰڻʵ۵£˵ʧΪСķʽˡ
һѾɷӵ˼£Ǹ´ʲô
ҶһЩվҪ˵ġ


1351 ߰ɣ
ЦһҶεԽˡ
һ˵Ҫܼ򵥣ֻҪֹܹ㣬Ϳԣ˵ܹնɱͷȥǾ͸ˡҰһ岻ĥѣиõĴ
⻰ҶζʱˣЦ˵ЦЦ벻ǻȵӵֶΡ룬ɹˣҲ׺ɣ
겻ÿɷصͷףûеѡ񡣡
Ҷεͷд⣬ǿǣ̫࣬Ѿʧȥƴ
˵ĲҲܿűİһʧãã֮С̫ࡣҶܹ֪һ
ðɣǾͲҪ˷ʱ˰ɡҶȻصͷȻͽⲻˣǾֻܶˡ
˭룬꾹Ȼһ̧֣˵ҶΣҿԸһᣬ뿪ɣֻҪ뿪Ҿ͵û
뿪Ȼǲܵġ
㲻ǵı𣿡Ҷüͷһʶؿʵ
һЦػû˵һҪնɱҶΣֻҪ㲻ǻʲôõĵģ
Ҷεͷ˼һ˵ǳҪҲܷŹ
ðɣҲûа취ˡεҡҡͷӸλô꣬ȻܹóҶξʲôˣϲҶεΪˣҲ֪Ȼᴳһ
ϧûʱ䣬ҲûиľȥȴˣһѰĸֵ˵Ĳϡ
ûѡ
ҶΣҿһӣϣ㲻ҪСҰһǿΪҵ壬ǲֵģһϬ
Ҷصͷ֪һǿ⣬ޱȣлһҲǻԵˡ
ãǱ㿪ʼɡӦһ΢΢һΣƮɢ˺ɫ֮С
Ȼ죬Ȼ޷̽鵽ˡҶüͷһһɺս
ģǺɫʼȻڶ̶̵һ˲佫Ҷθ
üһɢҶεͺһϢǿĲֱӽɫŨȥ˼ԶɽЩɫŨԶػˣ
ҶΣСˡ
ͻأģҶεɫһѹûзڡ
ڸղŷҲ޷ȷλƺÿһطϢÿһطֶ
ɣҶζϺһһΣͨԵ֡
ˡ

ɫŨ˲ͬйһ㣬ǿҵҶθ޷̽鵽ˡ
Ȼ޷̽鵽ԷϢҾֻԾƶˡҶгƽ
һ̣ͻ
ಣ
ɫŨмҶιѰУȴ˵սľϢ
Ҷɫһ˫յȥ
飡
ͣ
һ춯أƱˡ
ȴ޹ЩɫŨһ㣬ֱӸĵÿһͨȻһ˿һ˺ûܵ
أ
һ̣Ҷֻú󱳵ķ󷨱УӲǰһ
ȻССһҶ̫ʲôˡ
ʵΪֲ
ҶεķֶĶ࣬һʱỹʲôΣգټ걾Ҳ뽫նɱȻ֡
ҶΣȥɣʱ䳤ˣͻᱻǷټʱܣҲˡٴοڵȻҪȰ˵ҶΡ
ȫһսɣҲ뿪ģǴ⴦ҶһůȻ֪ͼҲûа취ֻӲͷƤˡ
ðɣȻִԲҾͽٴܣҲһŭӺû˵ˣ㻹ôִǾֻǿӲֶˡ
ˡ
ɫŨ˲۳ΪһӰ
ҶζһƣܹԵظоӰвûϢ˵һʶŵġ
ܰɣӰſͣµ
ֻӰ˫ǰһһǿֱӱŷһͨ쳤Ҷξ
ģǱںڰˣɢɲϢ
Ҷһ֮ܣ
ˢˢˢ
һɫǽȻ֣ٵת֮УҶθܲ͸硣
ǿٴ⻹ûȽӴأѾ´˽
أ
ͨ쳤˲ײΪǿֱӽ˿
𣿡ҶεһЦܵţǼΪŨ
䣬ƾնҶһָ
¡
ֻڻϱ߻ûɢȥİȻֱӱѿ˵ڶι
Ҷɫһ䣬ڶαըȵһҪǿֱ࣬ӽը˲˵Լķ󷨸

ţҶηԼˣ
ôǿ
һ壬Ȼǿᣡ


1352 ս
ҶΣɣֻҪˣ㻹һ·ߵĻ̫ƾֶΣû⣡ȵ֮Ѿ˽ɫ
꣬Ҫ˵ˣǻʹʹشһܰɣֳʤʲô𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦԼֶΣȻẦ̫ࡣ
ãǾʹʹشһɣ¶ˣҪԵֶҶŷ
ҪΪһһ˿֡
ڣ޾
ӰԽʵˣ˫ǰϵر任ŷȻ˫һ̯ûġ
¡
һը측֣İͬƾճһ㱬
Ҷβִ֮ܣҲǶܿ󲿷ֵĹʣһЩȻҶεϱߡ
ֻһͷҰţݺݵײ֮ϣ͸ķֱ뵽Ҷεڣ
·һߴѪ֮УָоΪܣҶεɫ˲ò԰
ҶΣˣ㲻ҵĶ֣˹ֱɵ£ҶλȴĻֻܽҶιɵˡ
֪ΪΪ֮ʱǰ׳Ϊ
˭룬Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵Ÿոտʼ
ڵĿֱӱѹס̫ǿԵҶһʱ޷գֻȶѻһԣԺ
ΪؿһҶΣǹճһЦݡ
ս⣬Ҳȼˡ
˵ֱӶˡ
䣡
ֲͬʱմԽһسҶεߣı·ǻһͷͻҪҶθɵ
СҳݣҶεһЦһǿϢȿ
֮ܣ죡
ͮͮȼţ밵ײţϢ
أҶüͷšڵⰵײоȻزƣ
ǿܰȻܹܿ⣿
Ҷһ˼˰ΣӦˡѹǿˡ
ܹܿԲѰģҲǵ춨˰һǿĸˡ
䣡
ը𣬿겨ֱƿһ徻
Ҷؿ꣬ò
˵㲻ҵĶ֣˰ɣøˣƺҶεһڴͺøжʧˡ
ҶҡҡͷһξȻûֱӶˡ
֮ľܣƣ
ҶЦһʩչĿĹ⻪˸ֹ˲㽫ΧĿռ
÷ҶλͷһΣЧ
ҶΣҪˣ㲻УЩ꣬ȻЩ׷Ѿܽˡ
ͬʱҶεĿҲ˷츲صı仯ѾĴһ׳գ
Уҵֵûвж֣ҶϢٴα
ҿٴδİӿֱӽҶβľƸƵˡ
ҶüͷһšȴǲΪҲǿȥǿ̫࣬ҲӦñŰôҡ
ϾΪֹûԷ
еļܶЧˣþͻһ淨ɡҶεϬͬһѸֵܹ׵ش͸ء
ҶΣ㵽ʲôˣ
ˣϵѪǻԵɺϡҶεһЦ֪һʲô
ܺãɫ֮ĳޣǿյϵܲôࡣ
Ҷεͷܺã˵㡣
˵㣿
⻰һ˲ͱŭˡ
ȻˣȥɡҰһ壬һ޷ڣֻѪܹοȥӢǣͷһαᣬģ֮бǿҵɱ⡣ܹɱ˵ĻҶοѾɸӡ
Ҷεȼһһεģ
ɣɣʹսɣҶδЦһϢȣŨܵĺڷ費Ϣͬһ

ҶεģŭҲ޷ܣֱӺһȻըѣһʧ١
ţҶθоһΣϢڿٵƶš
ҪߣǾͿ˭ٶȿ죬˭Чðɣ
ãٴʩչҶεӰʱʧ٣ǺɫŨںϳΪһ塣
ҶһѰĴλãһ߽ԼαԽģϢðˡ
أҶηһЩ˿ٶȻ죬վûдﵽ޵еĳ̶ȡ
ԭˣⰵһƶٶȼ죬Ͳƾ豾ƶðڵĴڣֱӽж;ĿռԾ
Ҷ˫棬ǵЦݸ޷Ρ
ߣͲҪʲô


1353 
ȥɣ崫еļһɣɲǼİȫе͵ȫͷųȥҶŲ˲һݵͣռ䡣
ʱҶξ͸оԼȫӿİǣսͬǣֵǴⲿѹ·Ƭİӿİӿ壬һɸһ޿ײ롣

Ҷεŭܣ˼ɰɶԼĹʩչ˴
ʱһҡҷŻʵİɫâס꣬ҶεĴʼȫаᡣ
ȻڵʶҶνаʱҶκȻ֣ڰȻԼڵûã
ڰͻûҶڶһҶζԽ࣬ԼʧȥľԽ࣡
޴ļһȻֶԸңòϣҰһɶˣǰһϵǵǽȻͬģûζɣҳҼ㣬ǣҪһΪа
Ҷ֪ʱҪԼʣµͶ뵽ѾǲܵˡֻԼԽԽΨһĻǷû˴൱ԼǿƵһܹ
뵽ҶʶûѪıѪꡣ
Ѫ꣬ұ
ѪзʵǰѪɣѪҶεѪҺҶεʶȻըһʱҶθоԼĻѪ·ȼա
һʱ䣬ͺ£ҳϣηһҶεڲϼҶս⣡
ҶοƲסԼĳս⣬̲סŭڵ˲䱩屶ӿķڰİγ˾Եѹá
գۼ䣬ûҶ԰ɣȻҶ˲ٵǾѾҶƿأ
ôҲû뵽Ҷλһ֣
㣬㡭ôģˣһ˿񻯼ܣַǿԼȻܹսʤңһʧ޴󣡾ˣһڴҵĺ󳾣
ҶλŹƣһ֮Ц꣬㲻Ǿ֮ܶѣıѪֻ꣬Լή֮˽ģȥǰһѪƵģʵиãǰһϵԶ׵ġ
϶ʱ˰ҰףŵɫҶ˵ҶΣƭҵģһƭҵģôܣҲţҲţ
ߣ㲻Ҳ֮еģ˽Ⱥ˵޷ᵽʲôҳ塣ҳϣζη壬ʹĲеһȫʱûʲôܹ赲ģѪ
оɲǼȫ˺ɫɫգۼ仯Ѫ꣬Ѫ굱Уһ޴ͷѪб֣
Ƕݲҽһûо޴ͷԼȫ飬ܹԼ廯˵ĩ޴ͷһû
ϸĲƮ䣬϶Ȼһ㳤деľԭĲë֮أȻգۼһ羰续ĵط
ҶһڣΧռɢŨ
ٽԼļֵʱҶͣʧȥָʱ򣬾Ƕ˵˳ԶɻľǱʳͬڻָʱҲҪԼһĿռ䡣
Ҷι۲һƣΧ˴͵ĴͻҶˣֻҪκεطһ󷨣Ϳ԰͵ڵλá
ЦҶָõһ֮ҶϷһڵλ÷˹ȥ
һкܴͬǣڵַס˿оɢŨһмʮܹоޱۻԵоĳ
Ҷηɽڵ۲һƣȸղŵҪǿϣ
ֲϣԱ֤ʮ˲㹻ĳ֣
ҶޱȼõδһҶεĶ
ҷΪ¯⣬컯ΪΪ̼⣬Ϊͭ
ľ羰У˶ƪ£ȷʵӦӦҲۻϢ
Ҷ˳ȥӡһĻȴҶθоеɷ羰ˡ
һʯ֮ϣһʿװ˶棬һ飬ҡͷ顣
װҶӡʵ̫ˣһеͨսʿʽװɣһˣǴϣҶθоΣյĸоһΪ첻
ԽǸоΣյĴڣҶԽҧ˵ĹУڳֵϣͬã


1354 Ϊͭ
ҶϸʿˣڱĵطϣΪֻͨʿ˾װͨûʲô
еȳƵģϲڵ٣ֻ켣Ⱥоͻգ۲ˡ
¶˫֣ЩɣǴȺ׶˵ĴһһӣȴĶ飬ֱ̫ˡ
˰鱾һϣЦҶΣ紺һ˵ҶΣΪȡǲǣ
Ҷ˲Ȼһ˾ȻܹһԼֺҪ֪ԼôֻȻִﵽ
ʱϣѾǹȥܾԶˣô֪ôأ
˼ҶξȣЦŰڰֵҲؾ棬ʵǿǱߵŻ֪ݵġʩչ˴ֶһУѵò²ô
ˣҶּɵζԽԽŨˡԷȻ֪һУȴûг꣬ǿ϶ԼĴ㡣
ҶεЦʵİһϵ˷ǳϲҲ˳ҵְˣ԰ɣ
쳤ЦȻ࣬ģ
ҶЦƣ赶ɱ֮ҺͰһϵ˽´ȻŴܹ£һϵˣһ˫񰡡
˿ҶεɫȻЩϧ̾ϢһϧˡעҪġҸᣬͶңҿ㸻ٻȥ
Ҷκһ˵һˣǶһһˣɥҲ⡣
Ҷλȭͷһȭ˺ɡ
޻ڣֻǿŷĺǿһȭ
Ҷȭͷ֮ľΧĻȫߵȥȭͷδﺫɵǰѾҴɵϡ
ǺǣаĹҲδ̫С˰ɣ˵ţһ
ʱںߵСݷ׷װεضںǰγһĻҶܿɽʯȭ˲Ļ֮ϣǧʯ޻һ
Ļһ˼ĻȣҶεȭĻһжڣڲĻѾεһ˲˼ĻȺҶȭϵڱĻȫ⣬ĻʼҶνз
ЦҶΣԼŪ֪ʲôп
ҶεЦСˣ
˵ţҶεָһʩչеĻܣһƬʱǵĻĻ˲ͻΪС
ϾȻһ˿˸˵ȣݲݵģƱô˵ҲʵȣҲδؾ͸ֻ࣬Ϊǰˡ
ҶʩչĻܣĻĵˣۿźûӦָָһʹеľܣҪס֣ȻԺʵЧĴ
ǣҶξȵ鷢ˣϯס˺ɵ壬ɵȻõĹâȹâɢҶηԼƣȻǲһϣǹһһԶľϡ
ٺ٣ҶΣＴʹóʲôܹǵڸԿӮô
һ߿Цţһ߹ͼҶһӣʱĻݰεضںɵǰγһʽвĻҶϯ
ҶκûѡԿǳ𣬷ɵ˰֮ϣڷеĹУҶεʹó׵缼ܣҶûж״ĲĻйֱ׺䶥ɵš
ǲһһ˺ɵţ˲仯ΪһνڵľǳνľԱһԶľϡ
ҶΣ˵ＴĹǲȡκεЧģ
źɵĿЦٴһ֣ϣһ״ĲĻ𣬴һҶξȥ
ҶλûѲĶֱ֣׹գۼ䵽˵档
֮ܣҶ֪ԷĹ죬Ҳȫʹ˻ҶεΧĻȪӿһ㸡ߣЩǽΧҶתĲĻʮɵľϡ
ߵҶΣѵ뵱ͷڹô͹ǽﲻҺ
˵ţ˫Ȼǰϼᷨӡںɵ˫УƵĽڷתš
͵ģ˫һ⼸ƵĽ˷ܳ뵽˵£ںھҵĲСһʯɵ֮ϡ
ʯԽԽ࣬󣬾Ȼڸסһ
Ϊ¯Ϊͭ־ʯգ˫ĿԲ˫ȻҶεķݺһңʱڰЩʯ飬һҶµǽ
䡭
һʯݺǽ֮ϣҶβµǽ㹻Ҳʯ֮±һ
ҶδӴָקͨԵ


1355 ߱
춼ʯҶγ𣬾ͺԼȥеʯһ
ɵҲûرȣǵ˵ҶΣеʵܹٵʯգܻٵô
˵ţ˫ӳһĻһʯں˫ֵĲٿ²ϷҶβϯ
Ҷ趯ͨԵƵԽԽ죬Χĵâǹһ಻
ЩĻʯҶܵĵâ£ȫ촷ۡһУûúջ𣬷ú쳣˷ܣ
ҶΣôɣֶܼãеʱģǲֵ֪ܼܲΪֹ
Ϊ˷ܶԵЩа˫ֲϲٿ£ϵĲʯϷգɶ˻һԶԶҶ
ʥն
һûκζදһͨԵڰлһҰ׵ߣڵ֮ϣһԡŰ׹âʥ飬Ϲһ׵꣬һҶεתһȦ
һƥӳȥеĲʯʱƥ˲仯ΪСնʱʥնӵһա
ʥΧҶһȦ˻򺫶ȥ
ɴ󺧣ôҲû뵽ҶξȻҵĹڰղһĶ䵱Լ壬ʥնҶȫһһʮȴǱʥһһûΪУ
䣡
ʥնݺ˺ɵ壬ɶʱߵķһɳȥſס壬һѪӺɵĿ
ʥҲʧȥ˾ͷҶٻصͨԵ֮С
Ŀ˫ַǰʱ䣬ɵ渡ֳһŲӲӽ⡣ʱƣϵĽԽԽʢȻ˫ۣͼһſŴεض𣬻˶Ҷεߡ
ݡ
ϵĲӲӽ⣬һ⣬ûÿһųĴСЩ͵ػóһʣâɢȻȫǺɵӰ
һĿЦǴÿһɵӰ﷢ЩЦγ˾޴ķҶθоѪĵҪµĸо
޴ҶȻиֲҶΣЩһͷų貵Ľ⣬Щڰ໥ƼǿϳҶε塣
ҶͷųԼ֣ȴڲϳĽǰûаãĵĽ̼ͰҶεָɢҶε塣ҶΪ壬ڽĲϳ£һľʹ
ҶΣ߱ôζɣҪĳ󷨰ֻҪ㹻Ҫ䣬ССҶʲôɣǿǾûѵĿܵġ
ҶΣ֪ʲô·˰ɣ߱Ǿ֮ṩе֧֣ҪĻܹͻҲµ󷨣Ϊзҵ߱ˮ׼ôֻܹԹˣ
ҶͻҳһٶԽԽأҶƺշУ䵽ϣҶߵЩľҲ֮䵽˵档
ɵ𣺡ҶΣѰ·ڿеʱһòٿոڣЩֻҪ΢ٿأܼȡˣ
ҶȴǻһľײײѾǲظڣҶһͷԵ˵ϡ
һôҶΣ֦⻯һӲӵĳìȻҶ˹ȥ
ڴʱڵϲϳ鴤ҶκȻ΢΢˳ìĹһȭô
һ죬ôмһƬƬмУĽɢ·өһѤ
Ҷλһô󣬻ûҶαһŴĴѾΧҶתÿôɢĽ⣬һҶѹ
ҶζʱоԼϾסԼǿһ㣬ҶηȫȴǸо˳Լķķ赼ı䷽ҶҪķȻȫıˣ
ҶΣ֣㻹۵úֵܰ߱΢Ĵܹģÿһľֱṩģڱ֮ϾͿԸԭΪһܹƻ߱ô̫ˣ
Ȼɻ䣬ҶȻһȡ
Ѫ
ĺڽ֮бֳƵĽУѪ꣬Ѫ굱Уһ˶ͷһƽһ
¡¡ϣһĽȻ˾ҵĶžһϵľ졣
ȻһƵĽ⣬ͬһɢͺĽһ
ɺȻɳȥɣˤ䵽ϣۣɾȻѪ
⣬⡭ôܣҶΣһɵĶԲԣôܹƵҵ߱Ҫ㹻õĻ߱񣬲ҶΣǲǶʹ˻һжģԲԣ


1356 컯Ϊ¯
Ҷ߽˺ɣһƽ͵۹⿴źɡ
ɣеĶֶһԸҽҲЩһնӸˣһģӦô֪һЩɣ
˲ɵһ㶣ʶʵʲôҲָ֪ʲô
ҶεЦˣʱͬģӦû֪һ»õ鱨ʵҲܼ򵥣ʵҲһ󷨴ʦϵ¸ָơ
ɻһ˵ܵģΪ󷨣Լƽ취ǣվûѰƽİ취ҶΣ㻣ңһǲȡʲôİ취ɵģѰİ취һǵģ
ҶοɵıЦͨ˵ʵսУǵѡǱܿĵطҷ֣߱УŨĵطȴǷĹԴͷ࣬ٶȴġ
ɻȻԭֻҪûγЧĹڴһֻδ״̬ʵ϶Զûʵ˺ġʱǿĵطʵȴΪĵط
Ҷֵ˭߱бҹʶܽϮԽ㣬¾ͻ뵽ıСһ֣ҵԷķ֮ǲĸ֡
ɿҶεһɨգȡ֮һļɵ
ɺȻһޱȳϿҵ̬˵ҶΣ̫͹ˣû뵽߱ȻҲܹʶơмʶͺѵˣѵõȥԼ뷨ȥ
˵˺ܴľһҶصͷеʶ˷ȥֻǵĸ󻼣Ϊ˲ճΪǵĸ󻼣ҾбҪ㻹δʱ򣬳װ
Ҷɵ˵ײң˵õǺֻô
ϸֳ˳Ц˵ҶΣ֪ҸղΪʲôôĻôղ߱У˵һȷʵᣬһֱڵԼҰԼѵ״̬ܹʹóҴδùֶΣӦøеңǵһʶֶεˡ
˵ţϥͼ˫ּһΪֵķӡȻûǺɵ޷Զĳͬ˴ӵ´е쫷һȫֱֱָա
컯Ϊ¯
źɵһȣͼɵͬõӰɢȥһźĲɾȻ̳ͬһɢڿС
һֲڲܣϵĲľɰʯȫֱ¶ɫʯûжз
Щľɰʯڰмתڰγһһ޴״塣ǻƣȻѿγơ
ǳǿеģȫСЩǳΧҶβͣתģһ޴ĺڶҶεǰֳ
ҶΣ֪컯Ϊ¯ôǷļɱĺڶɾ͵ĹܹеһȫɵȻҲͱΪ컯Ϊ¯ҪúøġһǿսʿҲֲʮʱ䡣ҶΣҵǺܺ棬ֶܹܹ೤ʱ䣡
ƶĺڶٶһ٣źڶٶԽԽ죬һɹǿӺڶɢ
ڶͷ·ҪеһжҪһҶѾԼ嶨ʯ֮ڣǻ޷Կڶγɵľ޴
ҶΣ㻹ʲôֶΣʹ屻˺ڶϾͻᱻ˺һƬƬƬʱ򣬼ľ־ữԭʼ̬𰡣
ЩʱȲʤȯʱɵתʧܵĿˡɣ֪ʲôôΪΪҪģ״̬
ûĸоһĪΣͷǣʵ벻Ҷλʲôֶ̡ܹ
뵽˵ҶΣҲҪΣǿԸһдڶģ컯Ϊ¯״̬Ǹսʤģ
ҶεЦ˵úܶԣ컯ǲսʤģѹҲûҪսʤ컯ҪսʤģӪ컯Ϊ¯˾㹻ˣķ޵еģܿϧ˲޵еġʱգܹΪһĴڣܿϧ
һţϧʲôҶΣб¾ʹ˵޷Ӯøҵսġ
ٺ٣컯Ϊ¯ӦǿֶΣǣ֪ǣʹֶεʱ򣬰Լıȫ̻ˣңʲô壬벻ķԸġɣҲף
ҶλһҶ͵شʯԾ˼תĺڶ
ҶΣ㻹еԲаҪ֪컯Ϊ¯ܹɵһеģͷųֻǡ
˵Ȼ쵽ˣΪҶͷųЩҰ׵Ĺâûбɣʴ˺ɵʶС


1357 ȵ
ɸоˣڶתٶڲϷȻͣ͵״̬
ںɵʶԶܷ飡
𾪣һɴԵ뷨Ժв֡
ҶΣ㵽ʲôô鷢ɼЩܻˡ
ɣ컯ȷʵ޵еģҪ֪㲻޵еģ㹻ˡҶĹ˰ᣬ컯Ϊ¯зУ컯Ϊ¯ͣͣٵһҪתˣѾûκεİ취ܹͣˡ
ҶΣͣ죬㣡Щң֮УЩڲԡ
ҶΣͣͣЩˣûڶת飬źڶתٶȲϼӿ죬оһַǳõźš
Ҷεɣ컯Ϊ¯ʵ̫ˣܹ컯Ϊ¯תѾļˣͣǲܵˡ
ҶΣһа취ĶԲԣͣҸ㲹Ҹ㹻ĻرҶΣҶˣԸ⸶ҵУ
ڶתٶѾһļµĵزɵĻҲԽԽû˼Լݵλˣʱ򣬺ɴĿǣת˿ధ
ڶתѾһĵزȻڶ˺ȻڶȻһһ״Ĺš
أһһ׵ԭɰʯľ״ɵҲ仯ԭģһвûֹеһȫָԭӵʱ򣬺ȻԼͲܿһķֱ
⣬⡭ô£ҵ壬ҵ壡ɶʱˣƴ߶ԼΪȴ޷ֹԼķֱ
Ҷ̾˵ɣҲȡ컯֮¯תʱѾǶ˷ɣҲ֪Ƕ컯֮ƾ㣬ԸԿ
ɾŵ˼㣬Կ޹֮£ʼధҶΣϣҶܹԼı֮֡
Ҷҡͷ̾ϢѾˣĶһ㶼ܹٿ磬컯Ϊ¯ʵ̫ֻܰתģҰĪ
䣬ɵȻ䷢ıըھұըԼ屬Ѫ꣬ڵϣգۼͲˡ
ҶοһУЩ˸еζ⵽컯Ϊ¯ķɣҲҶθеһЩԭʼĳǿòҪʹãͻ񺫶һ⵽ɵʱһ㷴ضûС
п֮࣬ҶźصҪתһȦһתҶЩ𾪵ĸо
صǧ֮࣬һС֮ءܵӣԹ㣬ôҲҪ֮ޣ
Ҫ֪һСԸ߲൱һڶСԴǵøϵҪͻƵṩô䰡
ҶѹסԼе˷ܣӴϽһޱȵĴֻҪǱ߽һӦĵص㣬ô˶ȺҲᱻתƵϡ
˺ܴ£Ҷν󷨲úãȻɻǡ
𲮺ܸˣЦǵʱò㱳ȥɰҶ»ˣϽ౳ѻ𲮸Ūá
ûжһ·ʲôǸϽ˰ѹ˹
Ѿ˾ӶˣʱڳԺ״̬ϳһЩϵ飬ͲһЩߵˡ֪𼱻ǰԼйʲôҪ顣
Ȼ˵Ц껹ϣȻݺᣬֱۡ
𲮣ȻЦǰϣǱҪ֮ҲҪЦǰκá
˵ЦǰдȺˮ֮УʹЦǰܹԭǾͲϧһдҲҪ
ϼһһļ黫ӣԵʮּȡ
ҶȻЦһй̸Ƕǹ飬ЦһЩ飬֪ĻǺܶࡣ
ոڹûʱ򣬻𲮸ҶνЦһЩ顣ЦʷӿֳĶ֮һ۸˵ΪʵЦֻǰ壬Ҫ˵ĹףЦǿڵһλ
ʷޱƾãͲƸޱۺ죬ۺ죬ڻĿŵĽӡ
ǿ֣Цδǿ߻ǿУǡ
еڶεĴģս׼֣ĸ֣ǴüҪ֡˵ûЦ꣬ϵ˾Ҫˡ
Цξˮ֮Уûоӹ԰뿪ҲûйκϢ
ЦҲͱǵһĴڶݣڣЦ꾹ȻֳǣѾڼ״̬Ҳһޱܵ飡
ڻ˵ļҶλǸ˵ˮǣڵЦܲҪЦȱκãҪ൱ĺ͸൱Ŭ


1358 
һԲ󣬶Ҷ˵Ҷϣ۸ʲôĴۣھǰϣ㾡ܿڡ
ؿǸ˹ǰҶϣЦǰйǣǶҪǰκá
𲮿Ҷ˵СҶЦǰ㷢ģҲԼ뷨ʲôѣ͵Ŵҵ˵Ѵһ
Ҷγһ˵ЦǰȷʵЩ֡ҪǰǾҪ൱׼
һۺЦСҶѣûа취ֻҪѾЦǰϢɢȥ䶯ġû˲Ϊ鸶Ŭ
˭֪ҶξȻҡͷУЦǰԲҪĽУԽԽá
˶һۣȫһΣʵҶϣʲô˼ǶЩס
ҶصЦǰǱΧɥģҲ˵кܶǱűЦǰĿĵġĸ֣ڸ̽һСǴֳƣһֵ֪ǿ൱鷳鰡
һϯûȫȻ
𲮣ͼҪ͵Ĵ󡣡
ֽ˹ȿҪ󣬲ɵȻСҶ㣬㡭Ҫʲô˴ģĴǿǣǿǡ
Щ֣ӻùͼֽһţŴܷ
Ҷϣδ̫ˣǵһ˹Ҳðɰ
ڹԤ㣬Ҷ֪Է飬Ҷȴҡͷ˵ϣͲУҪڰ֮ɣʲôˡ
ܿ죬Ҳһ¶˲˼ɫҶϣḶ́ȱ˵ܲܰɣǵ֣òϣĳǰͻԹصġ
𲮺Ȼ˵СҶ̣ǲΪἰ޽ģ
ûҶ˵ˣȱģ˵ȱģ
˲ŵ㣬кܴһԭǵݽߣڲܹٲˡ֣ǸЦϢһбը
ҶҲӣͰԼЦǰָ£ҵ̺ļȺ˵һ顣
ȺҶοԼһ󣬰Ǩܺ˵εضˡҪȺǨҸǵĵںϵһ𣬻ҪʺҪľҪͶˡ
ȾҪһȺĵص㣬Ҫ͵Ĵſ
ξҪȺǵӣⶫͺͲһԭĵطҪסܹԼá
ҪڸסϢĴһֲãǿġźԶܹ쵽Ҫⶫ죬ǿɾӦǾ仳ĵˡ
Ҷһͣ𲮹ͳͳ뵽˳˼С
û˵ȴǰ۾Ͷ˹
Ҷɫʵ룬һΪδǣһ棬ЦǰҲҪָܹЦǰָҵʱѾǺľ֮ڲܰЩãЦǰȻܹֹ۰
һֵû⣬ǰôǰٿѵҲûоϾȥԱʶĸˣǮϣҶᾡŬŪ
Ĺ˵ϣ뵽һˡȣѾĶǼʮˣû룬󣬾Ȼһ顣
ò˵ʮӴҶν˺ܴ⡣
ΪȷǨԣнɽһʵо¹ƣ׼˵׼Ϣ׼²⡣˺Ͷ뵽˾ɽҶΰܹõıȫˣʵȫĽϡ
Щ˿ɲϸļɲӣϸĹԹصⷽ棬һǰıʡ
˵ĹͬŬ£ҶͼֽճĽȫʮ֮ɡ
Ѳ뽨ߣҶû˴ͽİť
¡¡ľ첻ϣĴͽȫԡĿĹ⻪֮С
Ҳ֪˶ã⻪ɢ𲮹˷֣ԭĺľɽȻͬഺϢŮһһ鶯ζ
𲮿һУֻഺˣ˸˵ϣˣ
ԼϺ꣬ҲӯļƣΪԼ㣬ԼΪ֮껪ǱҲĳݡ
ȻתݵҶεǰҶҪȴҲ
ҶߵĻãȻ֪룬ȵ£
ʦ˵࣬ĻҲҶʣϽߣҶι¡
ҶҪλȴ


1359 ʵ齣
𲮿ȻСҶҶϣΪǣΪһУԶᱻ̣ĹҲؽ˵ʷϻŨصһʣ
ۺ˵ˣһֱһֳ֮С˵еĶ䣬Ҳ˵һǰ;еҲֶδļȷУе˲Ż̰֪
۽ǵ˵ǰѾнûгˡ˶ѵͲƸûгǿߵһͷʴҪѪǰ¡
ҶδŻ𲮹˻أźóԺӵķҶΰСѽгԼͻ˵Ц֮ܶڡ
ҶΰСܸңȻ߽һȻγɵľʯϵЦߡ
Цǳʯϣӣһ˯ûʲô𲮹ʱݺᣬݷЦǰʲֹ
Ҷ𲮣Ǵ˿̵飬ҪΪЦǰһ£ǲҪӰ쵽ҵġ
Ҷ𲮼˲վԲᣬҪ˵ȴǸоͷǱסһڰ֣ʾҶԼȥɡ
Ҷ߽ЦǰԶľͣԼʶȫͷųȥϸ̽Цߵÿһλá
Ҷεȫ䱸Ц忿˹ȥҶЦֻһԶʱЦıǿȻðѩ׵һٿطɵ˰Уգۼ䣬໥һһĳ
תңңָҶΡ
ҶζʱоļƤһɺ̳壡
ɽҪǶ˵ĻǾʯ쾪һ
ɲǼ䣬ҶεԺֳ˼ٸͷЦǰţ϶Ա˼ġ
ǣЦǰҲ֪ûĳκθڿˣûмܹùĹ
ĻȻܹ֤ԼİȫҲѿܾԼ˾ǧ֮⣬п˵ԼˡϾЦڽ뵽֮ǰ֪Լġ
뵽Ȼ֮ͨͨ𣬻𲮹ܲ˳ѹһڵء
Ҷһתͷʱ򣬾𲮴𶯣Цǰʵ齣ݱʷأЦǰѧͨʵ齣ѾǣʶҡֻҪе⣬ͻ⵽Ĺ
ڴŴ˵Ҷϣ򲻿ɸʵ齣࿹⣬ЦǰĸˣѾǸʵ齣Ϊһˣһپ٣һʵ齣˵㻹˵ʵ齣˵Եʧ
˻𲮺͹ĻҶĺȻͷһԼĽ䱸ٿʶԭλãһ־ƽ͵̬ʵ齣
Ȼʵ齣Ϲâʢһ貵Ĺâʵ齣ϼ
Ҷαܵľзһ˲䣬ҶǿѹסԼҪһܷӦȻһƽ͵״̬ʵ齣
ʵ齣ĹâҶǰλöȻֹͣһãʧˡ
ʵ齣ϵĹâ˰ΣָѰĳһʵ齣ڰоҲһֱָҶΡ
һֱţҲ֪˶ãҶθоԼѾǱˡ
Ҷ֪ʵ齣ûзĽ䱸ʱֻҪԼһܹ¶ԷĹ
ȻҶһʶԼѪҵ˱Ѫ꣬һʶٿƵԼ˫֮С
˳Ҷε˫ۣѪֳûƽ˼ʵ齣˺ܲѺõϢ
ҶνŲѣͺñڸ˿ϣۿŸ˿Ҫظʱ϶һʯ
Ȼӹ鷢ˣʵ齣ڱѪĺܲѺõϢӰ£Ȼڰһ£»ɽЦıС
ҶζʱظϽѱѪ˻Ҷξ͸оԼ徹ȻЩ顣
ӴӴ
𲮺͹ŴӵҶζоЩѣ˵ͷˡ
ҶҪˣȴ𲮰ֵǣˡϽȥЦǰֻҪܰЦǰŪãǰϹͷɢˣҲֵõġ
ͣҶαǡ
ҶߵЦߣЦȻָЦϵĸЦľѾ˿Ƿеһ⣬ͻЦ졣
Ҷ뿪Цʱ򣬶СģͺԼĶԴЩпӰ쵽Цһ
˵˻ߣͷҶεɫܲã𲮱ʵôˣѵþΣ
Ҷ̾ͷǳ֣ЦǰǳҪǿиĻӰ쵽Ѿγɵƽ״̬пܣǺעΪ֣
𲮳һֿĿתҶεϡ
ûа취ɣֻҪа취Ǿ仰ϧһдȫΡ


1360 ޲л
Ҷο˵𲮣ⲻǣЦǰҪ֪һӦƽȣָ궼ЧЭһ塣Цǰ壬ÿһָ꣬һΣľϣȡ
ʱһ˵ѵѵѵûϣô
Ҷ˵Ψһİ취ǸЦǰ޲лꡣ
˾ˣ˵Ҷϣǲ޲лǳ°Ҫʲô㾡ܿڣеģǾԵһʱŪҪûеģҾƴҲŪ
ҶҡͷЦ޲л걾Ǻѵģؼ޲Ĺ̡Ҫ֪ЦǰǼΪֲĸ֡Ĳл걾ܵĻұĻơڶսУȻĲлꡣڱҪǰкֶܶ޷ʹõġ
ͷԭҶϣ˼˵޲лʱЦǰĲлڱܻйּɵЦǰĲл꣬ǲģ
ҶεͷģʼʱΪЦǰĲлǺ㣬˺˵㲻ʲôֵܹЦǰ֪ҵͼҲû¡µľЦǰ޸ĹУû㹻ʶʱǸʱΣյġ
һ£ҧ˵Ҳ⣬ǰɡԸҶ޲лꡣҶϽ޸ʱԱߵţҶϱ깥鷢Ǹ
һۣϿȻͬò˵ڴԭϣġ
ҶҲͷȾˣ˵λǰĹ̿쳣գǿǧҪ׼
˵ʹܹκЦǰǰϼһﶼȥҲ⡣ϧһд۾Цǰѵ˵˵˵ôҶϣǵδϣҪʲô⣬һҪסԼ
ͷҶϣľιУҪǵΪءҪס㣬һԼڶڱԼǰ£κЦǰ
ǺЦҶϣȻȨĹ伫ǣ漰ǺδʱǾԲϧԼѪģҶϣ͵ˣҪǡܱסԼЦǰ֮أ
˵ţҶεļ˼¡
ҶβЩݣϹʾ⡣
Ҷһ֣ʮת굤˿УҶεһȣЩת굤Ȼڰֹͣ׹һڰеת
֮ܣ죡ҶεһͺȣһƻҶεָϷɳ̼Ͱסеľת굤
ҶοŻ¶ȣһѻ¶ȸأת굤ڻҺ״̬
ʱټܶѾɢҩ㣬СѲùֱʣҪСһѣСѹʲô̬¶
˿һĻҶλҪţҶβô˵ȫעԼ飬ȴǸ棬˷ܣеģڶ֯һǻˮˡ
ת굤Һ壬ڼڻֹһЩҺɫΪâ塣
ߣҶһȣ˲䳷˻棬ЩĶûзıһ˲䣬һ̧һģ
֣Ҷȣһֻ޴ĽɫצڰץסʵʣҶεĲٿ£Ц
ʱЦؿڴֳһĿĹʣѸЦӣգۼ䣬Цȫǡ
ԪָҶͷѾ΢΢ˡ
໥ӱ˴˵пޱȵ𾪣
ҶŪ֧ȺѾˣû뵽Ҷδʱֳʵģ
𲮵˵һҪҶϳԽĻҪסҶϣĻǾˣҲûڣ
ͬ˵𲮷ģ֪ô
ͬʱҶͷųԪѾЦסˣԪİ£˿Цȫ͸ˣЦɫâת
ģЦĸֹâЦҲ𽥱ɲ͸ԭӣǷ豹Ҷε޸Ѿȡ˽׶Եĳɹ
ȻԪָڲЦעָЦȻûѵļ
ȻСãҶϵĻָû⣬ЦǰǴܼĴڣһĳ̶ȣ޷ѵġҪҶЦǰҪһУҶϿǻѵģ
ΪȻȻȵҶϣͣ£ЦǰѾõ˻ͣûбҪðˣѾˣͣ£ʣµͽǺˣ


1361 Է
СˣҪЦǰˣŭ𣡡

Ҷΰ˵ͷһŭҶε
ŭһã˲Ŵѹ
Ȼû˺ú÷һµʱ򣬾ͼЦȻҫ۵Ĺâţһɺƥѹɢܶÿһ䡣
ҧЦǰˣһס
УһõӰֳޱȵİ꣬ǣͻȻԼ˫ۣ˲䣬ǹɺ嫵ѹȻʮ֮࣡
ۡ
ϰԼʶȫеҶεϣûиԼ·ЦĻ˫۵ͬʱǹѹǵʱ򣬻˸޷ԼȫЦĲԾ깥ˡ
˶ʱؿشѪ
ҶȻ˫ģ⻪ע뵽ϵڡ
Ѫ꣬ϣҶεŭһűӨӨâѪɫâηӭЦȥ
ЦǲһߵľϣѪͣסˣЦĻǶš
ҶεڵܣԴԴע뵽ԪָĽУҶβעܣЦõӰԽԽңеĨɫҲ
ڣЦ귢ʶѱѪջȥɣѾʶˡ԰գЦӰˮһ뵽Լ֮ڡȻЦ廹ܶ۾ǣ˭ԿЦ˺ļ
ģˣ쿴ЦǰѾʼˣ˷ܵòס˹֣ͺʼվֵһĹϵ
ȳصˣҲ˷ܵýסȭͷ
ϸϽܹҶβ𲮹ʵΣû°ɣ
ҶδϢ˵û£죬ЦǰתƵȺ֮ϣȺ޴Ĳ䣬Цǰܹܿѹ
ϲҵϽҶΣһȥЦ걳һȺڡ
ЦոշŵϵʱȻ;õڲϲЦ徹Ȼ뵽˵档
˾͸оΪһɽ嶸Ȼһ̺ɽһԶԶӿ뵽Цڡ
ûʮʱ䣬һ֧Ȼ
ţŸʱ䣬ή
ЦյԽ࣬ЦٶҲԽԽ졣˺һ֮ڣС֧Ѹٿή
沿鲻ԽڲҪ֪һ֧̺ԲһƱڸͻƵ
ЦѾϰҲ˵Цӵаʵ̺
Ѿ㹻һ֧ƱڸֵսˣΪµǣЦͷһҲ෴ģԽԽƣ
ʼʱ򣬻ʮ֧ת˲ή˺ֱӾϰ֧һή
ϼοЩʹҪ֪ĿήȫΪЦգήԽ֤࣬ЦյԽ࣬ҲԽ˵Цʵǲɹİ
ǣȺֻǧûôأѾĵһ룬ƶۿžҪϵ˭Ҳǻоַĵʹ
ۿȺҪĵòˣȻЦٶЦҲǶĵƯ
ʱȻһҵĲͼЦ껺ſ˫ۣһĺȻЦŷ
һױȵĸ߸ϵĸоȻЦг˱˵黳κЦǰ鲻ԽӿһɶĤݵĳ嶯
Ц£ͬ˵μЦǰ
ȻЦȴһ̧һ𣺡Էƣ
ʱһ۵ĲҰ׹âЦֱϸֳһֱйǴСӡȻЮ쫷˴ȥ
Ҷδ󺧣ۿŻ˾Ҫûӡ֮Уºԥȥһ̧ȰɨһߣҶԼӭӡȥ
Ѫ
ĺ⻯Ѫ꣬Ѫ굱Уһֻ˶ͷŲҰ׵ӡӭͷײȥ
ࣵһ죬ҶĿɿڴ鷢ˣޱȵѪȻһûڲҰ׵ӡ֮УǾûܵ˿Ӱ죬Լ˹
ҶαܵҪھ޴ӡ֮£ҶκȻԼеĸйȫɥʧˣ۾ֻһƬɵĻһĹʣһɳɳͷ·еһȫҶʧȥϵ
ҶζʱޱȣҪܣȴԼʶ޷ڲϵʹܹϵϣǳ΢޷㹻
һ˼Ҷʶɨڵ֮ܣһɨ֮£Ҷεʶڵ֮ܽϵ
֮ܵĲϱҶε֮ܵĻ£ָ˸ֵ֪


1362 
֮ܵİҶξͿھԷƵӡɵĻˡҶһͷɵ˰֮ϣڷϰյʱҶ˳קͨԵ
Ҷεı֣ЦɫȻһ䣬ɵ÷׵һۿҶεѸͨԵ߷ùâҫۣЦ국Цˣְͣɡ
ҶѾ֮ѾȫУҪѾˡҶȫڳõսɵķϰߣȵ쵽Ц겻һƷҪȴղסˡ
ʥ͵شͨԵбһ޼᲻ݵĵâȻ޲𹥻
Цɫ䣬һѾѻУһߣЦһֹֻЮ⼱ˣһֻȻǳʥٴĳ˾Էơ
˭֪Цĸַ͵һУȻʥһ룡ʥԷƲǳܺݺɨ˹
Цѻݺһʱ˱˰֮Զһ;ԼϹͷɢ˼һ㡣
ڶϵͬʱЦҶαʹһ
ЦıǿУȻɳâһУγһӭҶεʥȥ
ǡ
ʥҳ£һζεĲƬ
ⳤɲͨıЦ겿ɵģƬȻҪЦЦشһ㣬ɫʱҰޱȣ˼Ѫ
г赲ʥĳͷżҶθϽʥջصͨԵ֮ڣ˵Ц꣬Щ֪롣
Ц΢Ϣһ£𽥻ָɫ
СһþԷƸ㶺û뵽ȴǲֳӡСһ㲻򵥰ȻܹںϱѪ꣬һܹҵľԷӳΪֲǣȻһҵ齣Сһĺô
ЦЩһȻϹŶͬڶгζҶζȻһЩøС
ǰȡЦˣҲһʱ³ç֣˺ǰ¡Ҷι˵
ЦڰЦСӣϲαˡ˳ʲôԼúܡǼ˺ܳʱ䣬ҲûΪԲУΪ֪ܹңҲڻһֱû뵽ôһˣ
⻰ҶЩΣǰǰ׺ѽӽӡʹ𲮣Ҳֿ̰塣ЦȫҶεɸǵֵָо˵
ʱ򣬻Ѿ˹
Ц겻Ȼ𲮼˵ϰֲͷ˵Ǳߴߴᣬøȥ˴ңҪСֵ˵˵
Ҳ˵ģϽʩСϱһΨΨŵŵ˳ȥ
Цۼ˳ȥתͷҶ˵ȴСС˹
Сǰѹˣۣףѣ
ЦҡͷһЦС飬ҪûĻҿͳ۰׹ˣĻͲ˵ˣǡ
˵Ц궸ȻͣΪʼʱҲûرעСѣΪСһأ߽ϸ۲죬СѵʵǱȻԶԶС֮ϣ
⣬ǡЦָСѾ˵
СѰСͷ˵ǸҴҶΣСѡЦǰɣȻҴԺ͸ɡͬСܣΪȸһһʱ䣬ȻŻ
⻰СʱߺҶҲֱ̼ۡЦ͹ѵˣҲСѸŪ׹
ҶεƢӦúúýѵһСѣɱϾСߣôҲҪСӣֻŭĿһСѡ
Ц굹ǺϲССһҲСѵܺ棬ҶεĽ£Ц꼸°֪ͣСѲףû뵽СѵͷȻô
֪СѸСЩ𣬿ŮһСȳһСѣЦѾҲûи˵ķˣЦǰϡ
С߳ŭǰҪЦˣȴĻ´ҴҽҶιʩҶϣ
Ҷ֪϶Լǳӣһ㼬ֵԼʹˡûرǲĻԼ㱨ġ
뵽ҶθϽ˵£żʲô˵
Ļ´ϢҶüͷһҶϻھɽܽľʱʵϾѾиܱ
ǵĸ˴ɱССǰ¼ɺϵǣЩǰǼӵҶΪ׵˳Ժ
ĻµһӳԱǰµĵطе顣ǣСһĵطȫʧȥϵ
ĻֽȻϳȥʱ򣬸Ͻϡ϶Ҳǲ״˰죬ǰϱҶδ
ҶξԼȥ뿴ĻؾɽЭͬϴɽһˡ
˾ɽ飬ҶξҪ롣
ЦЦСҶҼô꣬Ҳ֪ôˣһˣ


1363 ѩ
طЩ죬Բ߰ﶼɽݺķΧܣ޽ĳСͺĳڹһ
;֮ϣҶȻۻһ㴩һЩУҶע⵽ЩסĻǺܰģûгʲôļ
ͼ˵ɽȨûرӰ쵽²Ļ㱨һϵ¼ӦǱľĲ߻¼
·һУߣҲԽԽϡˡеϢˣȡ֮ԽԽŨĻҰϢ
ۿţǰɽӳЦѾٶûˣǵһЩûзıĵطкļġ
ЦָɶԵ²ָŲԶ˵СҶǰˣǲǼӰѾϿϵĿĵأ
ҶΪЦ꣬廹Щ飬˷ܵЦС飬֪Ҳ˰ٶˣʹʹ·˳һ
ҶԵЩأ˵һ·Ϸƽ˾ԽƽҵԽǳΣСڿʼ˭Ҫĵ壬ʮֵľһи鲻ҪΣؼǱʧǰ㰡
ȻСѷһҶοСѣ˳С˷ܵ۾ķԶԶȥֲԶһɽΡ߸ߵɽ϶ܹѩˡ
ЦЦСҶ룬˼壬ɽΪγɵһϵɽ롣ͨ˵ɽ壬ܸߣ㿴ÿһ嶼ǷǳߣѩߣȾɽľŷ嶼ߡ
ҶοԶɽ壬ЦĽ⣬ͷۻϣȷʵҪȾɽҪǿһ㣬ɾɽʤڷԱϡ
ż;ͣڲ֪УҶμ͵ɽѩ߸СȻʮ־ͣ˵Ҷ磬ͣһ£ҸоΧЩԡ
Ҷ֪СǱǲСѵģĿǰʵȴǸСѺܶģΣյĸоΪŻѻСرСҶСô˵һƣͣ
䡭
Զѩ߱ըһʮѩƬ̵ʱ䣬ѩ֮´ܳʮˡ
ǡЩ˵ķװҶʵ̫ϤˣֻҲɫҶ˵ֱһ겻ɢɫ
Щǽ߻ˣջ˵ĵȼ˵㲻ϳ֣Աǵ״ҲǺǿĶˡ
Ҷ˫ָڱһЦһѵûôȻôѵǲǹô
Ľ߻˲ûд𻰣ǰһѸٰں͡
Цüͷ˵СҶҪ˵Щ˵ΪҲ֮ġҿЩһﲢΧǣǵĶδ¹жȣǰһ󷨰
Ҷβ֪ЦоʲôˮƽҶο߻˽µ൱Ҷδʦˮ׼ʱҲû߻˰µ󷨾ڡ
ЦҶεĶС˵СҶܹƽô
Ҷҡҡͷʱûߣ˵
ڴʱ߻ѾվסŸмһȻͷĿļһҶΣ˵󷨸֣¼ûƲ˵󷨣֪Ҳֵܵѩ󣿡
Ц꾪ȵСҶ㻹󷨴ʦղԿųѵģһǲˡ
ҶЦǰ֪һЦͳˡ
˵Ҷת˽߻˲µѩҵ֪ˣǿ϶Ԥıģ㣬ǰһٶˣǲʹֶˣ
˵Ǹ߻˹ЦҶΣǰȻܰѺɴ󽫾ķˣаܹ˺ɴ󽫾ķҲѩûа취ʲô飬㻹ǵһȥ°ɣ
˵꣬Ǹ߻˴һ󡱣⼸ʮ߻˾һԴƵģ£໥λ
ȻеĽ߻ͣסǵּ˸ʽķӡֱָ˲ͬķ
Щ߻˲µѩҶβɵüͷҪ֪󷨵УײõľΪ󷨻ʯĴˡ
˵˾ϼһĹɸ󷨿ƵķΧ趨һĻܹӵ£ߵ硣
Χһϵᱻϣе˾ܽԼƽ󷨡
Ϊ󷨻ʯ󷨱׶Լ˼άܵһӰ죬ûʶ󷨻ʯȹ̡
ͬģΪ˼άܹѵƿ󷨣и߶ȵ֯ԺͼԣһлĲ䡣󷨳ʱܹʰ©ȱ
Ҷǰţ۽ǵɨѩÿһϸڣȻҡͷЦȷʵе㹦򣬲һвСƶѡ
ѩͷǸ߻ЦҶΣб£ҽѩүǣҲǸֻˣƤӵСѡ


1364 ɻѩ
Ҷ˵ޱȣҶȴڷһѩлơҶžͣ
ҶͣλҲȱ£ѩ󸲸ǷΧԵһߵľ롣
ѩڵĽ߻ʮΣҪȴ⣬ֵ̫ܹüëм
ţϾҶһͷ
뵽߻˿ЦһΪ˸ҶλһǿߣԭѩǰȻͷڹ꣡ȻĻǻװʲôϽͷܻؼҰͷȫģ
ҶθͲΪЦҪǵѩ󣬲ǵָһӼ飬Ҳ⣬ңֻҪҵСܹܳ㶨ǣ
⻰ǸԷģ˭֪СԺϾƨƨܵҶεߣСͷ˵Ҹ˵Ļûҳɸ㶨ǣﴵʲôţƤ
߻ϻصС㣬㲻ţĻ㵹ǹ
Ҷڼѩ󷨵лû̫СѵģСǲԷģҶ˵󷨺ܼ򵥣Ϊ棬ΪҶβм󣬾͵һܣܽѩС
ȿСҪ߽ȥˣҶŷӦϽȵСѻΣգ
Ҷεľ滹һЩʱСѾ嵽ѩ
СѺһ߸ԾǸĽ߻ȥ˭֪Сѽѩ󣬾ʹѩС
СѾԼٶȹˣǸ߸Ծ𵽿УͼǸĽ߻ѾˣΧӰһҲ֣۵ĵһƬããľ
ȻڶСѵ˷һźâѩСѼ
Сһ죬岻Ť˷ѩȫ¡
ĸ˵һûʲôΣաСѻζСβͣ˵
һųζ˵СӣȵȣȻ֪ɻѩʲôζˡ
С˵ûʲôоҶȴǴʧɫϽͷЦС˵ţǧҪȥ
˵꣬ҶӻһԾҲ뵽ѩС
ҶΰԼмķλŤ˹գСߣϾͰסСѣӴָͳһҩСι¡
ۣʲôôôడ磬ôܸҳҩأСҶαǿҵĿ顣
ҶȴǺҲ˵СѵĶӾһȭһȭҶ߷ʱСѸ۵졣
СѵǰǬ죬СȻֻӵԭһǿȣҲǷǳǿġ
Ҷ߳Ĵ£СѾ͸оԼอȫһ
˰ΣСѲ۵һ޳磬湻ݵģȻôľңأ׸ôôôңҿΪͷ
ȻشСѵҶεһȭҶθͲСѺޣһʮȭͣ
Сپв̣ҪѩȴЦһס
С飬ȥСҶ˵ôš
С齹ǰҶСҲ̫˰ɣ
ȣ֪ʲôС̳ԵɻѩǷǳԵһֶСҶôΪ˾СѵҪСóȻѩ󣬲̳ɻѩСҶûаյǰ£ǲóȻȥġ
ЦĻСЩƶǶСĹ۲죬ҶζСǾ׸ı֣ΪԭҶҲôġ
СȻ뵽һ⣬ЦʵǰǸɻѩʲôôҶԴСѣ
ЦصɻѩǷǳ˵Ĵڣڿٵصʱ򣬾ʶΨһСֻ˻״ķ۳ɻҡ
СѲ֪ɻѩ̳˲٣ҪɻСڱͨʣСȫʢʱڵ壬ᱻġ
ΪԭҶβųѩ󣬸СιкҩСѵĶӰй
СˣҶεĿģҪȥѩ¸Ҷ鷳ԣСֻ⽹ȴ
ڣСѿʼйµĶйԶԶСԼŻˡ
簡ô°ôôĶˣ磬ǲǰҵĳӶûˣ
ҶʱСѽͣСѱֲϼѹСѵĶӣһյʱ䣬СҾȻйһСɽһй
һڣС̬壬Ҳ·еˡҶθϽСιһҩ˳Сӽ˳С
ʱΧããѩУݵѩ״꣬·ѩһ㣬ҶԲʮɵλֹ
ҶλζΣļд󣬾ȥЩ
ߣһˣҲͻּ˵ֶΡб³һҶһ߶ѩһ߳˵
Ǹ߻˺ǺЦҶΣüûõģǲǺܷŭųŭ𰡣ը˷ҲûãɻѩҵҪôܹƽѩġ


1365 򺮷
ҶѩʱǸ߻ЦҶΣȻЩŵȻܹѩзʽҲ֪ᷢʲôɣ
ҶЦ޷ڴѩУʱ˷ӿĻѩֻѩɲƽĻѩɻѩɣ׼
ҶκٺЦܣһƣʱҶεγһ߶೤֣Ҷδһ˫һ壬Լ˫ȶʱû뵽˵֮С
ĻѩҶｻ㣬¡¡ײڶҶַҵĲĹâҴܣҪɢұ
ȻҶξţԼͷһƬԶܵĿռ䣬Ҷξûѡա
һɹ溮ɻѩͷųΧĿռ䷢˸֨֨Ŀֲƺ溮ҪΧĿռ䶼Ҫһ
֮ˮܣȪӿҶεŭȣҶܣһˮȻΪΧ溮Щˮո𣬾ͱζ˾޴ı硣
Ҷβ˶ʹˮܣԼ߲ȪˮӿʱҶε߱ԽԽ࣬Ҷ嶼Լˮıΰס
ԶԶȥҶΰһűɽǶһôҶξһеĳһηġ
߻˾ȵζҶΣ㻹ĿŵˣҪǸСӽܹ̽ѩܡǣЩһıʣʹΣ㣬עҪΣɥ
ҶЦʵеİţҲ֪ǴŲ֪һ޸ļܰɣһ˶Դ֪֮ġΪ󷨣ɻѩ湦ⲻ֪ҲӶѡ
⻰ǻлǱصĽ߻òɵû˸£ӲߣҶΣ˭أֻҪˣ͵Ҫеһӵ׼֮뵽ѩУǾͱȥˡ
Ҷһ˵µģǰȷʵѩûеλһ󷨣򺮷ûв´Ļзɳǻ˸һΧܣͷϻסҸ··߶Բԣ
ҶΣ㣬ô֪ģ򺮷û˵֣һӰǵǵĶԲԣ߻˿϶Ǳ˵ˣĻ䶼Щζˡ
Ҷ̾Ϣǽ򺮷λѾǱ֮ˡΪܹ߷ɻѩװǲǣʵϣֻطǳʹѩʱ򣬿ԸԼ߷һǽ򺮷λЩ߷װþͽ뵽Զģʽˡǿԣ
ţܳʱţҶ֪Щ߻һԼˣѾһıԵ
ȻǸ߻ôأôأѵô
Ҷ̾Ϣû´ĻָģһһҪп౾ˣǵʱһеܵĪٰɣʵϣһ̿ʼǾѾˡ
߻һʱЩ߳ŭҲǸȻӲˣǾ汳İɣҶΣܹķһҲǵˡ
ٺ٣ǱȻģƾʲôҪأ򺮷Ȼٺ٣ҲҶں˵
ߣҶΣôһ˵ҵˡֲǵʱزҪ߷ɻѩ̫ݣԭΪ򺮷׼
Ҳԣʮ˰еĿռȫסʱɻѩȫͷųǴ㣬Զķˡ򺮷򺮷޷ݵľԷհ
ҶεЦǵһԸǸĻǻܹɹǣˣһҵֶء
˵ţҶŭ֮ܣҿ
ʱڱĵҶΣΧһתӵ֮»
Щܵ˱赲˫˾ҵĦһ֮ΪҵĦʹñ㻯ˮ
תٶԽԽ죬ҶߵıһڣŵӿĻԽԽ࣬ͳܲ˻תĳ
һΧҶߵı˲ı
ˢˢˢ
ҶεΧЩһֳѾǱˣԭѩ򺮷
ʮˣǰһ飬еڿնڰ߮еҶεܣųһݶӣסҶ½˵·ߡ
еĻˣѾ˰ˣɲΪǻ·ڻµıһı˪˿ȥоǰһ㡣

ҶαһСȻȭҶδ˹


1366 ѩ
Щ߻ˣ·ϲ˺˪Ҳһ㾧ӨıȻ䣬ͼЩڵγ˼Ϊȵı˴˼໥
һɻѩӱըɢʱҶθΧˮйͨ
ɻѩڱըĴ߷£ȻͷųԼ̺ĺɻѩеɻңѸٱһСʯ顣
ֻɻѩУҶη·һ
Ҷڵ֪Щ߻ʹõ򺮷ʱ򣬾ѾԤԥʹ֮ܡҶףԷЩ֪Լ͵ˣһֶθͲκεá
ܴ֮߶Ĵֻ֮£һʥ׵ĹâסҶε壬ûʮʱ䣬Ҷξʹ򺮷ʧˡ
С߶һͷҶЦɵ۾ҶΣֿ򺮷ͳϴ󣬲ɵĿɿڴ
ЦȴûСҶεǡ
СҶǲ˴Цʵ
Ҷ֪ЦĴܴǰЩڲزסġңЦ֮ʿǾԿεġ
ǣҶξͰԼԭԭЦ˵ˡ
Цͷ̾ǺηҾѾ˽ıԵû뵽Ȼܹ˲ţֻҪڣɱݣ
ҶβЩΪЦ۹۹⣬Цѵʱ䲢ôܹ϶Ѿ˱ıԵأ
ЦƺҶεɻ󣬱ЦʵһҶ֪Ҳʲô顣ȣϣҿǴĺϢ屾Ӧ˲żüõģ˻ִ˵˵ĺ˲Ų㰡
˵Цҡҡͷٴ̾Ϣһ˵ںͳԺӣнӴʱԸоЩ˵ʵľԶⲻ˲ŵʲôͿԿȫѵȫô
ҶһĬȻЦĻһĿǰߡûһǿ䣬ûз˲ŴһʷôԻͣ޷˥ͷġ
ЦҶεļ˵һУȻЩֶ̫ˣģͷſֽȥɰɡ
һϵȵȣǲ򵥣ȻܹϷ򺮷ҶΣϷСˣȿȿȡ
ŲͣĿһ͵Ӱһ˵ǰ
ϼһһĴһлһϵ·һһ縵ģ̣ͺǰһ㡣
׵ͷס¶İ·Ƥһ塣
߰һǰĻͷҶηټ뵽ϵ嵱У㶼֪
ҶΣҶܹѺɷʰ˻ò˼飬쿴ȷʵмֱ¡ͷѾ֪ûжˣû뵽ٴγ֣ҪһСޣȿȿȡ
ѩҲûôһ£һֻѩ׵ӡӭ˹һԽԽĳ˴ҵǰ
Ʒ̺溮׹ߵĸо
ȥСѳȥ
ǿڿбҿСȥÿ죬Ҳ죬Ǳһƴء
Ҷε¶ɫû뵽ⲡͷôǿӭȥ
֮ܣƣҶһƻ
ȿȿȣԪؼܣĽѩһ˵ţһ߽Լһ
ʱѩһѩļӿҶʩչƼܣûȽӽѩߣͶһ
ѩָһʱǵ죬ѵһء
ȻûиѩʵԵ˺ɾһϣСȴӵҶεߡ
磬ϼһаŰû뵽ȻôһưСҲȫɢˡ
ʱж͸֮ˣˣͷǿ
ҶСѣʾСѵԼȻѩЦѩı£ͲŪ򺮷Ըңѵôûô
ѩ˵ҶΣûģǾͲҳ֣ԭΪѩĻڽ򺮷󣬼ɻѩĸôҲܰסȴû뵽㻹İ򺮷ˣ
ҶεЦһ˶һͨǾԼΪǣΪƾԼǵʵΪΪͷȴǳ˿ͷ
һǿҶҲҴ⣬ȫ䱸


1367 
ѩĿⶸȻһЦ꣺ز¶ĸ֣ղôΣյʱ̣ΪʲôѵͲСӱ򺮷
ЦЦû취еʱΪ츳ӵܵõûΣҪĿ飬ôܹͻأ
ѩеĺâԵҲǣҲͲ䱻Ϊ֡
ѩĿתҶεϣȿȣԽԽҾˣ˵ʦʦ󷨴ʦʵɲ⣬һȻûʧһĸ󻼣Ұ׽˰ɣ
ȿȿȡ
ѩԵЩΣѩֹͣ˿ԣͼųصĲһҶΡ
ѩĻǰҶξȷ֣ѩÿһͷ·ֱһ㣬ȵʮѩȫֱͦˣ
ˡ
ѩÿһشڹһ˳ƵϳҶεĶĤҶξȻѪĵĸо
ھҶʮľϣѩȻվһʱ䣬ѩСɽһΡһɰƣѩͷųһѹѩб
ҶβɵóһΪָоֻдЦϸоѵѩʵȻܹЦǰ
뵽ҶβҴ⣬ܵȫԿѩδ־γɵľ޴ѹ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷξ͸о·̺žԺķѩҪһ㶳סһ㣬ִټ䣬Ҷûѡ񷴻ʹԪؼܡ
֮ƼܣãҶָһƲҶε߶Ȼӿ
ȴ룬ЩƲոչͺѩâƮѩ֯һһҶʩչƼܻûչͱâƮѩ̺ľԺסˡ
һŵƲ㣬ͷ·Ǳʱֹͣһ㣬һ
СҲǰʩչѩһ֣âƮѩȻһ𶯣סƲһ죬ƬƬƬһء
Ҷδ󺧣û뵽ƼܻԷ׶͵ƽˡ
ۼâƮѩһƽҶνܱƵұϣһȭӳ
Ѫ
â֣ѪոƮͱᣬһֻ˶ͷӶѪȻѩͳ˹ȥ
ȻѩȴûκεĶЦſž޴ͷԼ
âƮѩͷųĿֲ£ΧĿסˣ˶ͷѩٶԽԽȵѩǰߵľ룬Ȼţһ
ѩЦȭǰһ˶ͷȻ飬ʣɢ
Цһ˵СҶѵеļܻͻᵥʹôʲôĴУֻڼ̳еĻϷˣԼˡֻᵥʹʽܣʲԷϼһʲôᣬ˼άô񻰡
ЦĻҶζȻһ
̳У£ֻоһϵеļӹпܻþ޴ĽЦǰһԵҶΡ
ҶβЩ䣬ܹͻһй˼άĺʱԼȴǽһЩоϱ̸
Ҷ֪ܶ£ܹұۣĻܺͲ׺ϵһʹ˳
׺ŭ棡
ҶεŭҶεұܻ͵رڰܻȻǧߣޱȵѩȥ
ֲĿռ䣬ǧ߸ĺ¡¡죬ЩƮѩգۼͻǧߴ˷ѩ
̡
д㡣
ٿѩİ±ճǧٿ׵ӣңѩ¶еĵطˡ
ѩŵĿҶΣ㣬㡭ôܣôܻѼںϵιУ
˵ţѩ˫ۣ˫ǰϱ仯ӡһžӨıѩǰ֣ѩ˫ӤһͳžӨıΡΡҶη˹
Цϸֳصɫ˵ѩѵҪںԼǵⶫʹôһ⵽شҲͻҷˡ
Ϊֹûܹڱ֮»뿪죬ҲԲ⣡
ߣǾҵľԷˣ˵ţЦҪ֡
ҶȴֹסЦ꣬ޱȳϿҵ˵ǰģһƽġ
Ҷΰѽеһ֮õ˫ֺǰȻ˫ַֿ⻮ȥ
Ҷһŭ𣬰Ѵʹ÷˱֮ϡ
ʱһɵİ׹ס˱ǣѱ̺ĺһаᡣ
ѩ󺧣ҪѱջȴԼʶôҲǽϵˡ
ȻѩоԼȻƮɢ֪ΪɢԼı⵽ֵ
˭Ҳתģ
ѩŵɫҶΣۼҶΰѱһյԼڡ
ˣ
ѩ˵ϣôҲףԼΪıǣôԼ档


1368 ֮
Цָ㣬Ҷ˵ھɽ۵λãĿȥǰããľ
΢΢һҶ˳ΪԵĵط˹ȥŵĺʮСġ
ŲԶľ룬ҶξȻʱ
Ҷ˫ǰһֱ֮¾ۺǰһɫĹ⻪ָԾֱǰȥ
صһըһҺɫŻҶǰ
ŻʮɸߣɿҶվһڴǰһ㡣
ͣ
̶𣬷·һ֮дɫĴ־ȻŻϸ˳ǡ
ǣ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ô֣˵Ĺ䰡֮ĴҶλ⣬ɽǶ֣ǲеʲô
ˣҪĵģҵطˡҶҡҡͷôҲûãֱ̧˽ȥ
ҶɵشԽŻһ̣Ѿһ߲֮ͨУͨһִĹӣǶɫưˡ
Ҷ̧߳˵һ
ˣ
ͨһ£ʸҫ˼֡
Ҷüͷһûʲô鷢ֱһ

ģҶǰ龰һ䣬Ϥĳ֡
磬ǵ۹Ҷ۾˲ɴˣز˼飬Ѿδȥˡ
һֱǣǵ۹֪ڷչʲôˣԼ뺢ʲôģˡ
ƺǲҶε룬ⳡȻٴα任Ѿ˻ʹ
߻ڲϵƽӻʹĴţһֱ˵ã۹Ҵµĵط
ʱ򣬱֮һӢĺüĿ䣬ССͱѰ˲ܾ߱ơ
ͶҶ߶ţ֮ǰľľҲûʲô
ҶεСػӦܹüȴһ㷴ӦûС
ڿĴ󳼽ǣһ΢Цػͻرʲô
Ҷһ㶣漴Ц֪Լûлȥء
ؿһػֿͣһԲѩҶλر۾ˣлл

ٴҶ۾Ѿ»ص߲֮ͨС
Ȼ벻ĻʵҶϵˡҶοЦѣЩζ
ҶΣ
ģһͺҶȻ̧ͷ
һƣһȻҰ֮УֻҶβʶǺηʥ
ʲôˣҶ赭дʵ֪ǻþ֮أʲôпܳ֡þĸԺ֮еĶЩûгֹǾͲܻᱻֳ
ǰȻҶθûмʲôﶼ֪Ϊġе⡣
ҶΣ˭𣿡Ȼ໵غţҶεĶĤҪˡ
ҶҡҡͷѾս׼ϻ˵
ߣµѾˡħ飬Щɱ֮ļ塣Ȼ￪˵еķŭޣҶε̲סزһ¡
ħ飬ҶξȻ֪˵ʲôˡ
ҶΣǸɱħ˫մȾѪķµɱ޷ƣԣɱˣħ˵̵Ϣñ˪һš
Ҷλر۾ٴʱĳѾ
һҶκȻʲô
ֹĻþǿе֣ҪǣֳĶԼΪĵ⣬һ˵ЩԺܻᷢչΪħ⡣
ѵ
Ҷε۾һȻ뵽һֿԡ
ط֮ܵأ֮ˣ»д鷳֣ǾͲͬˡЩ˶ٶܵһЩҶΣͬܵ
ôֻһֿˡ
þĴΪĵ׼ģ
Ҫľǣᣬȥĵõ⣬ȫ
Ȼ߻ʲôΣգҶβϣվǻֻҪͰ߾ͺá
ɱ˺ܶˣЩǸҶ˵ֱŶԷ˫дǻۡ
ħһЦռ䶼ˣ˵˵ʲô˸ʲô˲ƾʲôж
Ȼһ˳ӣҪʲôҶβм˵ԷȻ˿ֲϢȴûдһ˿һɱ
ҶεɱûУǻ˵
ҶΣ㷢ս֮£һϲϣħĬƬ̣ԸӸ߿ħԵ
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ŻָΪҶֻǵΪ˸˸õĻţÿһƽı󣬶޾ɱ¾ѵҪΪ˱ɱ¾õĺƽ𣿡
ħҽţʲô˵ˡ
ҶΣƺ߳ŭˣħţΪΪһŭХԩֱ꣬
Ҷɫƽ˫ǰһܣһ


1369 
飡
ԩҶεķײţÿһײһʹǷŭ
ԼĪаٲľ룬ҶκȻͣȻͷĿ˲䱻𾪳
Щ߹ĵطߡ
ЩˣǱˣҶα
΢һԼʵҶεɫѿˣΪȻˡ
ЩӰϣҶα˵жٸӰͽʵָ˶ٷݣ
·УҶûκ⣬ǰ߲ͨȴ޾ĳûߵͷʱ
ҶҲô࣬ͷš
һʱʱһ죬졭
ҶҲ֪˶ʱգԼĪȥ㣬ôҲиһ˰ɡ
ôʱ䣬κϣ飬ҶεıӦøŶԣȴԼԽԽƽˣƽ겻Ĺ
ģҶֻýһգӲܿƵĵȥ
屾ܵҶηֲʲô飬ûôȻٵ½š
ԣҲˣ۾ſ֫ŷ紵ӵĸо
أҶεǸֳһĨЦݣ龲Ҫ
һ̣ҶεȻͣ
Щ߲֮ͨб˵ӰǣȻҲ֮ǰһģһĶ
أ
һӰݺݵҵҶεϣֱںϵڡ
оüˣ̺ӾˣƺˣҶξȵط֣һ󵨵뷨
顭
һһӰںϵҶεߣЯֱ֤ҶεĲ²⡣
Ȼÿһ뵽֮ŵˣдջ񡣶Ҷεջĵ׵Ľᱻ⿪ˣȻͨԼ⿪ģҲǽ⿪ˡԺⷽϣʲôӰˡ
һջǸֱˣʵЩҪǻƽҪô࣬û£Ǳˡ
ɾʱʼһէ֡
¡أ·ҶεĶһ㡣
Ҷüͷһş̌ͷⲻ׽٣ûǹɻصһֱʾһй
Ȼһ̣һɣԹ
ˡ
Ҷ۾˲ɴˣʶɢȥԶѰԴ
˰ҲûҵֻĵصȺ
ˣҼ磬磬ңҵ֮УҵҵĴ𣿡ٴδֿڵĺܡ
ҶˣǾĳλˡ
漴ҶؾһǺҶΣݼǰ
ǰ
һһ˵ƺѾҶθˡ
ҶһűˣԼһǾ˲ѹʵĴܡ
ЩȻѾǵľ񻹻ĵطܹԻ
أҶɫЩˬˡЩϼһǲ̫ûˣ
ݣѾϣתƵ˺ܶ༦ëƤ¶ϡѾˡ
ȿȣǰҶοһȴûġ
С㣬л˵Ǻò׼棬𣿡һЩҶֻ亹ͲŶԷһˡ
ҶοЦãɤӣǿʵλǰҪʲô
˵ҪʲôʲôģǾȥʲô
Сеɵ治֪ôģ߲ͨǲǻˣ
ƨһΣǶҲỵ
ӵģٸҷϻ
զأ

ӣҶе˵ˡ
żƣǼҪ
꣡
ɾʱؼһǿֲ޲ֱӽظˡ
ȭͷСʯͷֱӱ䵽ϣš
ҿҲˣ
죡
֮ؼ侹Ȼָ˰
ҶֻһǿϢһ޷ʶֱӽɨ˸顣
üһţƵˡҶΰ뵽̲סһĭ
Сӣܲ˺Ȼ˵Ȼһ͡
Ҷ׼ˣЩܵ۹ѵͲôࣿ
лǰ佱ҪŬĵطܶࡣҶǫ˵ЩǰɲԼжôţƣȻѾǳţˡ
˶һ˵Сӣʲô
Ҷüͷһ壬ǸҪشаɣ
ɴܼȻˣ͵ûشҪȻô˼ӡ
ҶΣǰѰǿķܴѣҪøǿ󣡡
⻰һֱӳĬˣûһ


1370 еĴ
Сӣ˵ģٴοڣеޱȡ
ҶصصͷĿᶨ˵ҶβѣʵΣķûп֮ˣԣҪǿʵ
ģһصĲҶֻϢǳᣬ·Ļһ㡣
ʱҶԵزЩܲлϢЩ춯ƺǳԾ
ҶֻԴصػˣʶ֮䣬ƺʲô뵽ڡ
ʹԽԽأҶҲֻҧţغô
ţͬǻɽһ㣬ǿҵֱӽҶεͨ죬һպ˵
أ
ҶεںȻ΢һ죬⻪˲⣬ǿйš
ѪꣿôԶˣҶ㵵ؿԼѾˡ
ʱ򣬱ѪǸճӵҰһ㣬ʼʹˡ
žžž
ҶڵĵطΧռ俪ʼžըһɫĿռѷ֡
һУҶθ޷ƣ
⡭ǡ
ôܣôܣ
ҵ죬Ǹо𣿡
ǶûдǾǱѪ꣡

ݵĽд𾪺ͲţȴԴܵһ仰ˡ
СӣõıѪꣿ˿ʵѾдϲá
ܹӵбѪˣһˡΨػ£Ϊ˲лõ
ԵɺϣҶε˵ڱѪ걻֮󣬿ЩܵķӦѾˡ
εõıѪ꣬ʱôҪݳû⣬Ϊû⣬Ŀû⡣ԣͲͣû˼
˵ͷ˵˵û˰ɣ
¡
˻ո£һը𣬷·ڼԶѹʲôһ㡣
¡¡
ǽĵ˵ɫˡ
ԼĪյĹĵâӼԶգۼҶεǰ
ĵӰ֣ڳдܲл꾹ȻС΢΢ϹĹ
Ҷüͷһɵʩһ񣬵ҶΣݼǰ
˷׷׵ͷһĸߴ֮˶һӺ󣬲ſ˵ȷǱѪ꣬Ҵȷǳ
ҶΣţ˲ɡ΢΢һЦҶε͡
Ҷʩһ񣬵ǰԼǣܹߵڣȷ˲顣
ţ˭룬˾Ȼֱ˵ôһ仰Ϊ棬ɳƺΪϡ
ʲô
⻰һ˶ˣҲ𾪲ѣȻڶʱڱɢˡ
ϣ̧ˡҶ֪æǫ˵ԼǵôһĴܣоһ֡
˵߳ƣֱӽ쵽һȫµĸ߶ȣҲǿľء
ţ˵ѣΪΣϳʵ۽ǵУЩĵǡ
Ҷһͷ۷壬֮·
һ㶣ȻĵͷǰûʲôܹԶǿȥǿǿĺôҪʱˣȻ鷳
鷳¾Ϊ̫ǿˣǿ󵽿ԽǼеȫѹ
ԣŻһǧĲ֡
һı
Сӣʲô㣿˵ңҿԸһᣬҲǳһΡ΢΢һЦתͷһˣſ˵
ֻҪ¶ʲô似Ҷ˵Ǽջ˸ĵƣԷ̡
ҵĿܼ򵥣һ谭巢չģҵĵˡҶμᶨ˵һжΪ塣
ϳƬ̣˫Ŀһľ֣ôƣ岽գһߴ¾ٲɣ
ϻۣҶССһƨϲ˽˵ºܼ򵥣
˶٣Ҷֱ˵Ҫһ죬ҪһӢۣҪһյơ

ҶҲ˵Ҫǳ򵥣ҵȻٷչֻҪʱ䣬Ҿܹ
ʱ䲻أأϺȻͱˣһѷâ¶ĸֵ
ҶüͷһϾǲɢһɰǾ͸ɣɱͷ򣡺ߵģֽϻ
ãϲû˵ˣɣϺȻһƣЦ
ѾõԼҪĴ𰸡
ҶεһЦû̫Ĳ˵ֻԼ룬Ҳǽ֮£Ȼ˵
ʱ㿴ңҿ㣬׷׵ͷ
ôûôɾõɣԼĺ룬Цеʵ
һ㶣ǻľǴôͳȥأ
ϵѣһɳһ΢ߣȻˣǾɡ
룡Ҷ΢΢һ
΢ߵͷɨһȦ󣬵ҶΣδˣʸðǻΪƣ


1371 
Ҷеһ˵СӣǸľΪҪģʲôھһӣԺͻ֪ˡЩô׾ܹõģһССؿ顣
Ŭǰʧ
ɲҪ˵ô֮ǰǸСһѾ͸©һ㣬ǾֿɡϹһЦ
ȻھѾˣҲֻܱĸá
֮ǰҶνˣε˳ʩһ˵лʹͻᣬעġ
ˣطôˣûôľŪɣһԿšŶˣο飬˵֡ϰ˰˵˵֮徹ȻޣʧӰ١
ͬҶһۣʧˡ
ˣϻͲö˵ˣǻץʼɣʱţ
˵꣬鲻Ҷλᣬ˫ǰһһɹֱӷҶθ
Ҷ΢΢ڵȴȵķԼѾܿˡĽתһӣһǡ
üһδе̫ǿ˰ɣҪǻţжôҶλһУҲݺˡ
ûָоǿУȻԴһһȫڱеĸоʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ
Ҷεڿ񱩵ŭţϲָо˵ĸо
һҶξԼľЩȣæģסľ
ʮǿᣬҶΰסֱ֮ӹ⻪һҶθ˺ڰ֮С
ֲָĺڣʶȥ̽飬оԼڣ·ѾһĨлꡣ
ҶΣ
ģڰ֮һҶֻûһ·궼һ㣬Щ߰뷨˲ʧˡ
ڣҶθӦһ䡣
ãҶΣ뿼һأʯĹ֪Ҫеʯ飬ɡģԼɡٴֱӸҶ´
Ҷصһǣű㰲صȴ
ӴѾʧ٣ڰȴɡ
Ҷĵصȴţۺʶֶ̽ζûʲôôˣõĽ΢ĸо
ģҶȻ̧ͷ˫۱⣬ֱ·͸˺ڰء
һӼԶԽԽۣؼ
еԽԽ࣬ǿٶȼ죬쵽ҶηӦʱ䡣
ĿҶηЩ㾹Ȼȫʯ
㰡ôʯȻҪʰȫ飬ǲڿЦ
ðɣǾȫɣ
˫۽ۣһɾҶεĻһ䣬ԵüΪ档
䡭
ܿ죬ҶѾܹˣǿžͷƤ飬ôʯĿǰΪ˵ҲǼΪѵġ
ʯĹأ֣վֻʯĹأҶεģҶս˫ȭʼڵ
һ̣һʯѾҶβʮˡ
ҶһȻ̽ƣһգʯӴ֮£ֱӱըˣ
ʱ翴Ҷαֵλܣ׷صͷ
ܹҶе˻治࣬ǧûм
ÿһʯɵظˡЩʯĹͷǿҶοԱȽɵظ㶨
ʱƣС
ߵʯһһǿмѾԽˡ
ȻܸԷᣬʹĿʧܸա
飡
Ҷ˫ÿһγֶὫһʯ𣬿ɽ˫Ѿˡ
飬ԼʯؽţͿͷ
ģȺʯж٣ѵҪһֱ޷⣿ҶüͷšĺܽڷԼƺ뵽һȦ֮УһԼ󷽷߽ġ
һֻͷȴûиνֵĿ顣
ֻһ߻ʯһ˼ν
ܿ죬ҶεһιѾ޷ʯˡ
ĶͷҲֳЩӡ
СӹȻĻҪǿ
ǿߺߣѾˣһ᲻Ҫˣ
ͷϷǸģҵĳӱܹټһ
ãҾͶܹ

ݵĽڴ֮ţǻ̫ˣȻҶεĿ鿪ʼ˶Զġ
ʱҶѾƣˣڵѾ࣬ЩʯȻûиϢ˼
ҪôȥĻò˶ʱ͵öˡ
ΪҶεǿƣܵĻ˵Ҳף˵ҲѣΨһһԴеʹطΪԴԴϵṩ
ȥˣȼ˵ҶһҧһᣬֱӳͨԵֵЩڴ֮ϡ
ǺᵶЩʯһ
顭
ʯըٴҶβ֪ƣŬţӿš
أѾľˡ


1372 һǰ
ҧֳҶĿǰΨһѡ
ڵϵţΪӦ֮Ŀ飬ֻϸˮܵǿԿʯ
顭
ͨԵػӿţÿһζܹʯƵʯȴûмٶ١
УȥȴҵֻʧܡҶüͷֱչʶʯԴͷ̽ȥ
̶̵ʱڣҶεʶѾ̽ȥԶˣȻ޷ѰЩʯԴͷ
ôӦãѵ˵ǻþҶüͷһɽ壬ϵ˼š
飡
ͨԵһͬʱʯ顣
ţ
ҶκȻʲôطͷɻ˵⡣
ԣʯõͬҶ۾˲⻪䣬Ѿ׽ΪҪһ㡣
΢һ¸ղʯըҶһͨԵֱʯġ
ϧĵȻ֮ǰͬûɵĸо
ûҶԵط
Ҷ˫۾ضһĿ꣬Ȼ˲˰˵
¡
ʯܳܵסֱӱǿĹˡ
ԭˣʱҶҲеİͨԵ΢΢һĿꡣ
ž
ʯȻһԶķ
ãҵˣҶιһЦǿֱӱ߲Ϣ
ͨԵҶʶϣϵһ
ǿȲ󣬿ʤܶȼߣʯҪһЩ
ʶλ֮£ԼĿٳȥ
䡭
һ̣ʯըҶεĲ²ȫȷ
һǰʯȫʰ֮ҶЦݵؿգȴһʯĵ
ɵһûмѵһؾɵر
Ȼܣ
һΪĿĹȻ֣űԳٶȳҶε屾ܵĺëֱ
ѾûΣĸоˣʯ˴౶֮⣬϶֮ҶͨԵֽ˽۳һ𣬽ǿž޴ʯ
ˡ
ʯſɻصƣĳ˹ҶζЩɡ
ʶ̽ȥûȿʼֱ̽ӱȷոɾˡ
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ת˼£ֱȥ
䣡
âݺݵ˾ʯϣȴԷĺĶû㱻ɢˡ
֮ǿĴķ»ǿֻܼѰˣʹСһڡҶ΢΢ͷ֮ǰ̽ڣһʾ
Ȼˣ㲻û塣ôԶ϶ʯ֮ϣ϶Ҳ㡣
㻹Ϊʯʹ౶Ŵࡣ
ôˣҶ֮ǰĹǶ׼ڣΪʲôûн
Ҷ˼룬ؽĿָķ֮ϣܹҶεĹƫ뷽
һҶεĹôǿᣬûдĵʱȻûô
Ȼˡ
Ҷε΢΢һһ󵨵ľ
һҶ˫΢΢һ̤أֱ㶵ذεضĿʯ
ҶεٶԽԽ죬ƶлϵر任λãÿһεı任ĿԽԽ׼ȷ
͡
ܿ죬ҶѾܹܵʯȵ¶ˣһܹ¶ȣ궼͡
Ҷ˫۱飬ɫᶨرƣϵصŷλ
˫ľ벻̣Ҷ˫Ŀתܹ֮пԼĿꡣ
Ȼʯ౶Ǳֻ֮ͬ࣬ΧķҪǿ̫ˡҶΰ뵽ȻԼĲ²ûдǱ߼ɡ
ǿҶεķֶν֣ʵʵġϾûоԵİգܹٷ֮ٵظ㶨ʯ
һƶϴˣû㹻ķôڶεĻᶼûУ
˵ҶһֱǸһǰ׼֮¡ǸçһԸȥ
ɣûʲôܹ赲ңҶһڿ񱩵ת˵ٴ˼֡
ʮɣ
ɣ
ɣ
һɣ
ײ
¡
޴ıը۵޷ܵĹâ֣ҶεӰҲʧˡ
磬ڶǶɵˡ
Լһ֧ʸʯ㵱ģƼʸǰĹͷǿĹ
ȻеķֶΣӲըΣա
飬û˻Ҫǣ⼸ûʲô
ҵжûдӦþƾַˡҶκٺЦЦдһĨͼᶨ
ΧĺڰȥҶε³ڶܵǰ
һ˫˫ӵ۾ҶεЦЦʵǸһǲȥˣ
ãԱ˵˹
һΣֱӳҶεߣ˫֣ͬһåڹ۲Ůһؿš
ǴĿƺҪҶε·θɾˣߵǸʲô
СӣͲ𣿡
֮󣬷黹ǿʵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ£ڲǻ𣿡


1373 һָ
ããܺã
⻰ʱЦ
ʵ̫ϲҶεӣҪǰʱԻҶεص
ϧѾΪ˲лܹ꣬Ҷεİʵ̫ˡ
ҶΣϲ㣬һȹһգϲЦݣ˵
ǰһһһ죬һ⻪ֱӴ뵽ҶεԺУĽΪһּΪǿļܣΪһָ
һֵָе˼
Ҷα۾ٵԺеϢܿ죬⼼Ϊ˵ǶԼˡ
һָһָҶлǰǵָ㣡Ҷιؾһ̬ޱȡ
һָ˵Ŀǰȱսֶˡ
ֶԾĹУһУܹѰһٹˣֱɱԷ
Ҷʩһ񣬱Ա˼ֱ¡
ôоǵϵӼҶ΢΢ƲƲͣʲô򷨽ͨˡ
ֱ׵ĻǾеķܹﵽĿֻ꣬мҪͬˡ
ҶεһСڰһָתʽʼߡ·ЩŹ֣Ҷ֮ǰûнЩ·߷С
һתܹ
ߵĵطȻܹ٣ȻеĵطٵЧԣǵĵȷȷˡ
ԭˣԭ˰İȷǿֲޱȣڵΪʵ͸޷ȫĽʵİԺҪµ㹦ˡҶΰͷȻ֮˿ܶһ
ֵȴƫƫΪ塣
󲿷ֶһĻ֮󣬿ʼͨΪͬʱ塣Ȼ󽥽ศɣһ
ҶξܹĻĺԸһͬĵ·Ƚ崸£ϵؿ屾᲻иõЧ
һȦȦڼݵʱڣҶαһȦ
ɵһһȦʱȴҪˡ
ôѵһȦҵļ𣿡ҶеԽܣϾڵΪ죬ôҲܹܽһ֮
ЩתȷˣԶֱ۴ƶ
ҶףٲЩȥĻ㲻ûֱڱըʱûطˡ
Ȼ۾Ҷվһû˵ķȷе˵û˵ķ
Ҷһָ׼ǰʱҲѹתͬҰֱӱʳָȥ
ۣ
΢ͻҶ˫һɣֻһ⻪һգ۱ʧˡ
ţԶһըűһ
ǲû𣿡ҶξԼ̯¶ˣɬѵЦš
꣬ҲǰʲôطǴ֮أܿÿطһλǿߵĲлϢšһֱ֣Ӵ˼ҵ
ǸǰģҶΣֻǸһ
ˡ
Ҷΰ֮ռ䶼ʲôľѡ
ҿСʲô
Ǹǲǡ
찡군ˣȻǸ˸Ūˣ
˵ҪҪܰ
ܣҪˣܵʲôطȥ

ҶЩ򵥵ĶԻǵĿЦˡ
ɵؿǰһӰڻŲţ;޴ޱȣһɽˡ
ǰǲǻˣҶοһǿʵˡ
鿴һҶΣڿһǻ
εҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵վҪطػ߸ˡ
ءػߣ
ֿµĵطȻػߣ
ػӦͬ˰Ϊλǰߴ󣬿Ͳˡ
ƨ˭˵Ӳˣ
ģһҶ岻زһ¡
⡭ô֪ҵ룿
Ҷθæر뷨ɵؿǰһȻӰڿٵСš
أһӰ˳ȻҲǲл״̬ϵϢΪֲƺһӾܹҶθնɱ
ǰҶβСľ£Ҷθæ˵Լ̬ǫһ㡣
Ӱ֮˳ҶΣһֱһƾͰҶθķˡ
ҿҶ˫һɣһŵأס֮ؿŶԷ
һĸߴ׳˶Դһͷɫͷ޷Զһ˫·̫ɢŹâǵһϣŭ
ͶֵˣҶҲûƢˣǰ֮٣𣿡
˵أ˵ȻǼ򵥵֣ҶȻܹоԷϵŨŨҩζ
˯㣬͸Ӷͷôһ£𣿡໵غŭ޷Ϩ
Ҷֻͷߣεһ仰Ҳ˵ֻܽĿ⿴һԵķ顣


1374 ݴ
˺ߺƺҶθ˲ŭ𣬵˯ȣ˵˵ôɣ
ûڣ˵ףСӾȻбѪģղõһָ
ĸСҹػؿһԶŭ˿Σ·Խ˿ռ䣬ֱӵĿĵء
ĸС
ƺǲе̫
һ̣ĸӰ֣ˡ
ػߴˣôأ
ػЦһ˵ôģ˭һָȻң
ӣ˷·ǳ˲ӬһܣɬЦЦ˵ˣȫǸⰡ
ˣҷϻСѪģֲʲô˼ĺܡڿʼǸҼӴѶȣػƳҶһۣǿ׳˵
ҪӴѶȣ
ҶɵˣϺͷ鶼ŵһ£ѾǼΪѵĿˣҪҶε㹻ãǻ㹻ߣһضȥ
ٴѶȵĻҶδ֮ǣ¾Ҫǰز˰
ôػһ˫ɨˣ·ǿĸСһ
пɬһĭǿ˵ˣڵѶȼˣϱŵδ
ΪδԲŲ׵ķŹػ˵һҶΣ˵СӣֻҪͨеĿǣҾһݴ񣬾Ի⣬ôҲң
񣿿ԣֻҪֵñû⡣Ҷε˵ʵνĴûжġ
ٺ٣Ǿͺãϣ㲻ҪڣػߺٺһЦתŷ飬Сӣ㻹ڵʲôѵҪҿʼ𣿡
⻰ֱŵһ£ͷ˵ʼʼھͿʼ
ģһ£ʲô̧ͷػһۣʱ˫һֱӽҶζһ֮С
ˣˣػ߼Ϊ̬ܹ룬ղĲѾ
亹һֱð͵͵һػߣֶԷڶſҶεһһҶΣϣҪҲҪ군ˣ
ʱҶѾ뵽˵ڶ֮С
Ҷθով˷ҶΣڶܼ򵥣ֻҪ̵ܹʱڵڵλþͿˡɫʱ򣬱ǿϸ񣬱ɫʱ򣬲ʱͨˡţʱƣԽԽŶ
ڶ飬ҶεǾϾڵٶȿǼأټǿʶⲢûʲôѶȡ
ȻȺȥĴܿ϶ͨġ
ˣ
Ŀռ΢΢һ£Ҷ˲ӣʮ־
ģһȻ֣ҶβԶ
ҶεķӦǲֵ˲䣬ƶ˹ȥ
ҶȫվϵʱȻǺɫֻɫ
ʲôҵٶȾȻҲ޷ϸ񣿡Ҷ΢΢ЩԾԼʵôҲϸɣ˭ϸûУ
аͷѸٵҶξ۾صɴ۾ȴźٴγ֡
ܿ죬ֳˣһεľʮԶ
Ҷںֵ˲˷Ӧֱ㶵س˹ȥȫչתţҶṩǿĶ
¡
ʱҶѾվ˺֮ϡ
ɫЩ仯Щںɫ
ҶüͷɼȻѾ˽ҪĽ
Ҷμš
һľԶˣ֮ǰࡣ
أ
ҶһըವһӱʧԭأһǳǳزӰٶǰˡ
ˣ
΢΢һӰȻͦ
ɫ仯ͣɫĹ֮УɫƫǳƺڱʾҶεĲ
ǿϸĳɼǿϸ
Ҷɫıˣüͷšһɽ壬ٶȣҪҵ취СҪȻûзϵĿ飬ΪجΡ
һ뵽һֶָΣҶεľˣڶصĿôѣõĽ϶á
ҶһȻֱӱ۾
ҶεģĽζ˷׷׵ͷ˵ҶѾȷĵ·
ٴγ֣
ҶԤһ㣬ֱźȥһεľԶˡ
ž
˲ɫɫҪϲˡ
ҵѡûдˡҶΰͷѾЩ·
һٶȻǿࡣ
ߣСӵǳӡػһ׺΢΢˱仯
ȻڲˬҶδΡ
һԣ˰һֻҪˣ鷳ˣǾǺͷ
ܱQʲô̶ȣ
ģػҧгݵôһ䣬˶ʱֻ˳ü
ʱڶصҶΣѾزȵ˼֮ϣЩľԽԽԶĸӦҲԽԽģ
Ѷȣһ


1375 ƾ֮
Ҷεͺһһֱ㴦
ںϵʱ򣬺΢΢֮ͣ
һΣǿǿغϸˡҶοЦһԼǺӣˣʹ಻ѣ˿ȴ˸߲ҡ
Ҷθոһ׼ȴһʱʶȻΧв
ʶһ㶣ҶŤͷһƣһĨ⣬ǡó֣
ģȻôľ룡
ҶεѾγ䣬ӸտʼڣһֱǳԶûгڸʱ
Ҷγȥʱ򣬺ɫȻǺɫ
üһȻ˼άʽһѡҶҡҡͷǵЦΡ
أҶѾҵһЩɣֻҪܹɢʶںֲһ˲䶯֣Ǿͻûˡ
ȫɫʱͳɹˡ
ҶεӦĳԽԽ죬ԽԽûйɡûþֻصʧ֮ܵС
һֵʱҶûƶ±۾ƽľظţš
سѾûκιɿ׷ѰˣӲҪ˵ɵĻֻÿһκ֣пռ䲨ҲҶΨһͻƿˡ
ռ䲨ҵǿרŲ׽ռ䲨ֻοٵĵǸ⡣Ҷεüͷһ£Ѿ·
ʱ򣬿ռеĺ㻹ڲϵسʧһΣҶҲż֣ʶϵظź㣬׽źĴڣȡҵʲôС
ռ䲨
ҶκȻ۾Լһֱƺʲôռ䲨ʲôڲĵطпռ䴩ԽΪ
ֻںĿռ䴩ԽľȽ϶̣ҶǰֳĿռԾ
ˣҶ΢΢һѾ·
ȻɵڶؿҪܹú̵㣬ֻҪ˷һжʮּˡ
;ռ䴩ԽȻûԹӦòѰɣҶκǺһЦ˫֮й⻪˸дš
ߣ˼ҶεģɵǿɲΪҶܹôݵʱھҵƽķϾַһҲ벻
ֻжź棬ɴ۾ţ©ʲôʵݡ
ҶεһЦƽеļ˫һɣһֵ˲䣬֮䲼Сʹ
󷨣ҶεˮƽѾﵽ˼ߵĳ̶ȣСС󷨣ȫ˲
ΨһҪʱĶӦþڴλϽҪʱ䡣
󷨳ɣ
γɵ˲䣬ҶεٴγֵʱѾȵ˺֮ϡ
׼
ӣɫҷЩɫâ
ѾҪӽˡ
Ҷһ֣ԼķӻûдģҪȻֿûͨĿ
ϾǾķˣ۹ͼʶԲͨЩܶҲ˷һЩʱˡ
ڶ֣Ҷ˲䲼ɣֵǡô
â˸ͣɫϣֻɫǳǳȻȫ
ãǾһԵðɡҶȭͷ˫һֱӽµǰúˣǿռ䲨ĵط֮ٶȥһ󷨡
ˣ
Ҷε屾ܵķӦ˹ɫʢ
ãҶεѾȫַô߾ǳٶĺ㣬Ҳúˡ
ҶαһƶţϵصɫĹ㣬ЩɫĹ㲻ϳ֣ȴûһʧ
ʱ˿̣Ѿˡ
СӣȻƫŵķӣȷǹػ΢΢ͷȻҶεıЩԾϾôԴط֮󣬾ûַôѵĿ顣
Ҳû˰ػߺٺһЦù
һԣϵŴͣز˼飬ҶλþԵٶȥɿ飬û뵽ܹԵ
ҿҶԽģƺ࡭
СӵʲôˣĻ˲𣿡
üһһ󷨵Ѿ˼ߵˮ׼֮ûܹǿ˰ɣ
ۺʵǿʲôᣬȫŰ
ǿ۲Ҷռˣ
ҿУĻȥɣʶ᲻ֱӰɵ
ðɣ˵ˣǲǸýˣ飬Сӱˣ
һ֮УȺһﾹȻΪ̫Ա߻иػߴڣ
һ飬ֱӷӦ˹εؿһ˵ãҶѾͨ˿飬ʱýˣ
ߣ
һֱûػߣȴһӿǰѷŵĲûֱӹ򵽵ϡ
󡭡ˣȻԼͶˣǰǲɵˣԱ߻վôһֲĴڣȻֱӰ˼ҸԵˡҪǻԼҲԼ
ػߵļʲôطҪż
ޣҪĿ޵ĻҪҶθˣ
Ҫ֪˲乹󷨣ǸΪķʶĻҪһֱȥĻ㲻Ļġ
˼һ£Ҫ˵ʱȴǱػ߸ˣͣúÿš


1376 ղ
֮УҶȻڿٵתλãÿһα仯ܹҽγһӦԵĲԺͷ
ʱѾÿһ㶼ܹĲУռ֮Ѿɫĺɫ㿴ҶζЩͷƤ顣
⿼黹ûнڼȥӦûʲôֵ˰ɣѵҪ𣿡ҶüͷšţʶѾܴˡȻÿһεĶ࣬˭ҲסôĴ
ԴôţҶεȴûͣȻڿٵر任λá
յĹҶεɫЩѿˣʶѾˣôȥĻпܻˡ
ʶĹʹãɲĹƣͣҪָͲһ׵飬Ҫʱ
ֱֲӷһշʱųɹֻһ֮ңأ
ˣټһɣεҶοɬЦЦԸѡ
һָ㹻ǿˣڶصĿĽҶžԲʲôطȥ
ʶĵԽԽˣֵٶѾ˼һ˲䣬ҶεȫעҲʶٴμ١
ɼˣȻܹţȻžļ¼
ֹһյĹҶεԴ͵һ٣Ǳž޴ݺݵػһһ㡣
һٵ˲䣬Ҷϵؼ¼ڱˡ
֪ԼѾﵽ˼ޣҶҲûǿԼʶĿʵʵڵأһȥ˭֪᲻ʲôԵˡ
ҶβƶͣȵǰҶѾˣԽ˰ɣ
ţСӹɡػһ˵
ܿ죬Ҷ³ǰɫ԰ֽһ˫ȴй⡣
ǰ֪СӵĿ飬ͨ˻ûͨҶһʵ
ĳ⿼ԭӦͽˣֻǲ֪ʲô⣬Ȼӳˡ
ػ°ͣű˫֣ҶһȦ
ڼ䣬ûһ˸˵ǶǽĿػϣڸҶεʱˣǳɹʧܣȫͿ˼ҵһ仰ˡ
Ҷεǲ⣬ܵõǾ׬ˣûõĻҲνҲǵõһֽתƵ
ţ꣬Ѿˣ԰ɣģػ߿ʵݾȻ뿼ûɶϵ
ҶжʱˣһЦػؾһҶΣлػߴˡ
лңлʲôػüͷһ°͸߸ߵ̧һһģ
ǴҼȥĻҿ޷֪ҵļʲôط֪˼ƵˡҶһһʮ˵ƽģػ߾òˬҲûа취˭ҶξǸôء
ػ΢΢ͷתͷƳǷһۣˣʣµɡ
ˣЦ˵ģﻹиģǸСﰡ
ҶпЦⲻʲôطʵǾ˵ܲõĸ
ɤӣ˵ҶΣϲ㣬ڶؿѾͨˡ˳㣬ǵĿǰΪֹΨһһܹͨصˡ
Ψһһ
⵹ҶеԾˣ֮ãӦͨص˶ûаɣ
ЦݵؿԼƺڵʲôҶθæ˵лǰ
лңȫػߴ˵Ĺأû㲻ĳɾͣ鲻ʧʱһƨȻػûκεķӦûзӦʹƨĳɹ
˶٣˵ˣڶصĽʲô
ֱӵڶصĽΪղ
ղ
Ҷ۾һԼղžĿ飬ֲܸһΪţƵཱ
ҶеĿͺ棬ССĵһ֪ûֵܹסջ
ղ򵥵˵أܹ˲ƶһľ룬ܹƶ٣Ҫʵˣ㹻ǿ˲ƶȥɣҲǲܣһһһ˵©һ֡
ô
Ҷ΢΢ЩԾȻѾ׼ղͷе̫
ˣҲ˵ˣԼоһ¾ͺˡڰ˵ֱӽһâ뵽ҶεԺ֮У
ҶѾʼϢˣһתƣػߵԱߣ˵ˣŵصĿ飬δأ
ػһ⻰ٿǶЦݵӣ֪Сûаʲô⡣
΢һ£ػ߾ҲǸᣬ˳ơ
ǣ㿪˵ȻˣǵصĿְɣ
⡭˲ɵˣѹû뵽ػ߻ôһҪҪӴѶȵģӿɺãֱӰԼʳˡ
ʱҶѾϣֳһ͸ĹȦУһ͸š


1377 һĵ
ĹâɢȥҶλվ
ǿʶչҶֱѡһλãʶµںѡλùͨȻֱһ̤
ˣ
΢Ŀռ䲨ҶεģѡλϣѾЦݵ
Ҷ΢΢ʩ񣬳ллллλǰָ㣬Ҷû
СӣҪڻеأ˵ֻҪܹҰѻˣҾһݴ񣡡ػߺȻ˵һĨЦݡ
ŬġҶε˵վҲûбҪӡ
ػƳҶһۣתۿŷ飬߰˵Сӣˣôûɣ
꣬˭˭ֱӸһķˣ
æЦ˵ȻȻҶܹұˣҲһݻԵСӣץллˣ
⻰˵ĵˮ©ֱҶûзĻᡣ
пɬһЦֱӽһ飬Ҷεͷ˵лǰǰҶλǳ
ߣСӣɲҪ񣬵һ޵ʱ򣡡
Ҷæ˵Ŭģ
ЩΣôһȺܵĲлΧţ֪ˣǵù
ˣСĵɣһޣػ߻ЦЦҶε۾й⻪һҶξ;ǰһڡ
ţһĻ֮С
Ҷ΢΢üܾе㲻ԾػΪҪԿܲеƤ۰ɣ
˵Ļʲôɣ
ԺлصЩ⣬Ҷ촽һǸǻǻ㲻ɣҿʲô£
䣬ռ·Ҫһ㡣
ҶζһƣֻԶĿռ䲨Щǿңűһ⻪ƾճ֣Լֱӳ
ҿˣʲôУҶһһŨŨսɢ
ԶܵҶηս⣬ػһ㶣ŵɴ۾ãã̫ˣӲӣӺúɣ
أ
ػ˫һأȻȻûղƶٶѾԶԶسղٶȡ
˲ƻҪٶȣҶ˫ЩֱȻһֱǿ߿⣬ػˮ׼ĸ֣ûԽӴ
ɣɣҺúôһܰɣҶεͺһȻֱӶǹâȥ
⻪ٿػ߼Ҷ󵨣ЦһСӣرǸӴһܣֻҪˬˣӾͻЦĺϲ£ɣ
Ҿ֪
磬һ˶ǿЦ
ôĺ𣿡
òûбȥ˵ġ
¶ǰɣŲھ͸˵ı˵
㲻ɣֻҪȥ˵Ҿ͸ұ֤ùľԲԼƾ˵ƢҲٲˣߺߣ
ˣǲҪ˵ˣҶֶܼãҪҪһѣ
ģҪǶİɣҿɲô˵¶Ϸ
⻰һְ˶Ŀ⿴м䣬⻪Ѿݺݵײһ
¡
ҵײֻҶǱֱĳȥƤһ㣬˳ȥ
ǿ󣡡Ҷΰľػ߽Ǹл갡ʵ嶼ûУôܻôǿʵ
˵ĹУҶֱʩչղӳһطɵرж
ߣСѧĵͦ죬ȻѾ֪ղɢˡػһȻǷ̣Ҷܹоĵе͡
ΪػߣطֵʱѾˣ֪䣬ܹģҶκ˵ĳΪ֮һǧĵһˣ
ôõĻᣬػҪǲúõطһ£ǿɲС
лǰָ̣ҶιصϾ˼Ҹոս̵Ķֱóʦ֣ٻЩ˼ġ
ػֱûдҶΣٺһЦ˵ʵǲİɣһὫʵѹͬĳ̶ȣҿɲռıˣסҷȰ㲻Ҫ˷ʱ䣬ͽȫʩչûлˣ
ǣףҶصͷ˫Ӷֱ߲һ󷨣ǽϵķμ
ػ̬һĴڣɲô׾ʰģҪȫ׼
ãңס㲻ң򲻵ңҾŰ㣡ػʮֲӵ˵ЦŵģΪֲ
ҶһЦ꣬ڹ˽𰡣
ͷӦһҶһΣͨԵ˫סֱһޱȵ
â£Ʊˣֱͷ
¡
âֱ㶵ػߵǰۿžҪеʱȴǱһֱֻ۸סˡ
ػ޵ƽץס˵âҶüͷһšȥԷȷǽʵѹƵ˺ͬĳ̶ȣûˣ
ҿҶεͺһ֮׼ֱó׵â˳ŵâ㵽ػߵԡ
ػѹûнҶηУһӵǱ飬ʶطſ֡
Ҷ۾һٴαâ¡һػߡ


1378 
¡
ըҶȴɫһ䣬һأʧԭء
صһԭطǿֱҶֺɡ
ǿҶγԾƽʵ£Ϊػ߱ǿôࣿͲ
𣿡ػ߱ƺѾԶҶΡ
Ҷλһͺһҵû֣
ղʩչҶգۼ㵽ػߵԣͨԵʩչǿĹͷ
оҶεСػһΣСӣʶϸ̽飬ⶼĻͱذˡ
ֲʶֱӽػ߰Χͬһһ㣬ֱ뵽ػߵС
ػȻû뵽Ҷεʶǿᣬ΢΢䣬㱻Ҷθˡ
ʶ̽ţһ˲㽫ػߵ̽˸һ
ϸ۲֮£Ҷη쳣֮ػڵ״Ȼһģһ
Ĵһֱƽ״ֻ̬΢߳ôһ㣬ƺԼĶͻĵ
һԼʵʱػߵʵҲͻȻ䱬ʼʵƽ״̬·һıƽ
⵽ʲôȻĹҶβɵóԾʶ̽ţܿ㽫ػеһ׹˽ˡ
һ׼ΪĹҶμ򵥵ܽһ£ܹ˫ʵƽĳ̶ֳϣʼܹʤһ״̬
״̬£ֱԼʵСĻĻȵĽֵͣʵǿиģ϶ǸӺģж˷ѡ
ǰ⹦ʲô֣ҶκȻʵϵЦʮֲá

ػߵ˵ҶΣ·ڿһֻ
ҶĬĬ߶֣Ȼ˲תת
ƺǺĬģػ߾Ȼûг֣ȤؿҶʩչ
ҶεʶһֱػߵϣԼ尴תʽܿȨ
ɹתһ˲䣬Ҷξ̫ࡣ֪ΪʲôػܹɵصĹˡ
ΪĸӹܣѾͬԿǡô
ͬıͬһ㲻˭ˣȻǰǽᷢԱ
ԣ
Ҷüͷɽ壬Լʲôˡ
ٴϸĵظһ£Ҷοػߵ񽥽Բֹôһ㣡
ҶֶͬΣػߵʮ˴ιҪֵʮŴιʱȴԼһǿҵд
ϸһҶû
ʱػʵǿȥˣֱһƻӳһ⻪޿ɱܵش뵽ҶεԺУʲô
Ͽ԰ʵʵ޵ܹƽ
ѪԴʩչҪıѪģҪѪתȻſʵʩѪĹˣǾҪĻܣ൱һ͸֧Ϊ
üһԭˣ˵Ǹ߰汾ıѪ꣬ԴͷһȷǹˡҶһŬƽϢԼļ
Ա޵ˣǿΣ˰˫֮ʵƽȻ󾡿־Ϳˡ
뵽Ҷֱˣػصؾһлǰ
ˣôӼʵģ˵ҪһݴҪǶӵӿ϶ʰ㣡ˣҲùߺߣػһֵ˵
˵꣬ػһֱ֣ӽظˡ
˳ǰʱ˻ڴ֮УĲΪػ׵ر㽫ҶΡ
ˣȻĵѾȥˣܹѾˣͿɣס´ʱǧ˯Ļߺߣһڵģػ߱˫֣ҶһֱֵۣķȥѾʧˣΨ֮Ʈš
ʧ˵ػߣҶһؾһ
Ƣ𱬣ˣ֣ȴһַʽڽһݶ飬Իر
ת˻ͷ˵ˣû¶ˣ߰ɣ˸˯ʱǿԾڣߣҪ˷ʱ䣡
⡭
ҶοЦһһлתȥ
⻪һҶ֮š


1379 Ĳ
֮ųҶ¾Ǳչһʱ䣬ԼЩܵĶһϵе͸
ҶθոսӴˣ˷׷׹ʾ⣬Ҷγ׷Ҫչص뷨
źĹģҶҲֳ˹˵ʣҹͣʾġҶεʾԺ͸һ̨һת˭ҵҵԼıְ
ò״˻ѹĹҶθоȥɲǰ취Ҳǵ۹һһЧĹŶӡ
ĺͺɳƽܹͺˣĺ֣һӣӦܹЧת
ʵеһУʵҪľ˲ţҶڰæ֮УЦ꣬𲮣⼸¸صﻹгԺһȥӲǾѧԺ
˾ЦͰ飬ǹҶεѾǸ߶ϿˡҸ֮Ц꣬Ҷε̬Ƕֵ֧ģù˸֧Ҷˡ
Ӳ쵽ǾѧԺʱ˱ѧԺľжһͿ
ԺĴ£ȫľѧԺѧԱƺƴ󷢶ԼַʳĻʵŸѧԺһ鳡أһЩоճĻʳͱ׼
ڽ֮ҲвٵѧԱΪͲСѧԱڽ쵼¿ٳ˵غֲʳء
еѧԱסоУеĿҵȫ¶컷½ڿεģڿ֮࣬Ҫоѵò˵ѧԱӹʮġ
ûбܻ⣬ؾϹأϼӲֻ˵ⲻͣѴڵҶϸһ顣
Ҷ˲üͷҪ̫ˣҪľǰһ½
Ժڼ£ܻ־ᶨ˻õŶӣκ˵޷⡣
β㣬ѾˡʵҲãܵĶ־ƷʱˣǵҵûҳϸкͳԶʶˣĳ˵ǴǵĶ飬һҲӦʶ
ûȽڣ̾ϢԺˣ˶ӵ£ܹЩͲˡ֪˲ţһǮһʱȷʵûоǵΣ룬ٷˡ
Ҷεͷ˲ŴĴ¼ϵǵδͷչǾֳ칫ھѧԺ飬ֳֳ֣
飬֣صͷʾͬ⡣˵ʵڵģЩ¶ѧϰѵѧԱһںݣʹÿһ˵ġҪ֪Ǻδ
ȻЩѧԱĽײѾشı䣬˭֪ѾǸ赲ˡΪĳЩʣѾѷ˽ǵĸı䣬Ҫˣ
ѣ
еһУΧչˡ
ӧѾѵԼϣҶαʾԼɽＯ㹻ĿԼؾɽ
˾״
ǾɽԺԭϯϣֲ鲼ǣѧԱĽϣֵװоѧԺҪӴĽҪӸǰеȡ
ɲһܹʵֵģҳһٸ˵޷쵽˳ǰôԸ⣬ҲֻǹԹ԰ĸϡ
˵ɾ͸ɣ͹ʰһ£żͳˡ
ҶθܲͨĴ;ᣬ½ɳƽĺ͸ӹ
ǱҪ滯ĵ·ȨȨӦǷ쵼໥Լַûơ
£еȨŻͨԷӳԼ쵼ãǵȫһЧĹϡ
ʵȨ䣬Ҫоĸ߼쵼˲ţֻоĸ߼˲ڳϵĹϵͳ£ܹʵȨĸЧ졣
ˣͷҶЩһУû𲮶ҶԽԽģҶεĻҶε뷨ѾŲɵĵز
ȻҶҪ½ˣ𲮱ʾԼһҪɺá
ЦҶοԼû˵֪ҶҲ񽻸ԼֻΪԼݵλ̫ԺˣҶһʱ䲻˼ڡ
뵽ЦЦСҶҶϣڱϣһ߳ܶࡣǣǱֶߵˣҪ˵ĹǳԺϯˣҲͱʲô뷨ֱɡ
ҶοȻЦǰ裬еȱٳѾʮûгƱڵĸˡѾ˴Ⱥ룬ѡֻ֡ǵΣܹԵõ⡣
Цͷǰһֻٵķ١ֻҪһ̣ͻʹٸɽˮûƱڵĸʲôٵġסԼĳɹٸʲôأ


1380 ¼
ҶҪֵ뷨Ц˳ֵĿ϶
ҶЦΧѡ츳˲ţˣȫеɽȡƽķʽѡȻЦİ壬ʵѡȺ
Ц꿮ȻӦʣҶθʹɽȥѰʵȺ
оһߣҶλص˾ɽټԺʣĳϣһߴճһ߽֯ѧϰ
ڣԺĳϱҪ߳ȥǵĸ䣬ʱ⣬ʱ㱨ĴЩڵһߵĻ㱨һԱԭ򣬳ԺӦĴۡ
ҶʼδǣȥĳϷľǻ㸯ܣȨף̹ᣬֺͨڵ¼
ɴ˶⣬ǷǳӵģȨ´ָ˻ϾһֽģеľɻȨԼĵϣԼ˵㣬ôô
ںܶĵط˼ݻıȨǹ֮һطϵĳһȨٲȻʵۡ
ȨӦ񣬸ͲȨ
״ɽԺߣ׷ױʾҪϳĵطԣĻЩطԵͻγɷݵ״
ԴˣҶѡ̣ΪڶʱڣԼ鲻㹻顣
ҶȨ֮ΪǱҪ񾡵ġֲ²ִٳֻ֣ǻͷβ֮
Ȩ˵ǾһԶŵҶҪȣȫλ˵ҶȥѲӵĳϣҪ͵飬һжܽУ㹻֤˵
ҶεȴľǻϵĻعԼĺͺɳƽĵûЩ¸صĴ֧֣Ը̰һֵϵ֧֡
ȻһȦԼľɲһЩһЩͰеǮˡǽǰźҲҵԼֹˣѾѧԺĸʺԱ룬
ҶΰѳѲϷӳ˵һ£˱ֵʮֽΪ漰ԱŴ۸ӵĹϵԻ㱨˵ɱͷΪǣһȫ鰡һͻȨĶġ
˵ı֣ҲҶεԤ֮Уô˵һбصζŨǽ˽ǵĴ죬ǲԥ൱ִġ
Ҷûи˽ѡ䴦ѾͨˣԺʲôֶӦԣҲǰи׼
ľϲǻ𲮰ɳƽĺ͸ˡ֪ҶμλսѸǶôĸˡ
ҶΰԼ˴һ˵ٰѽѾԻ
̸ǵʱĺΪǻѷǽ;ѧԺǿҲҪ϶µÿһĴ顣
ڣĴҪľһõ
ҵʱ򣬺ȻĻ¹ɫ쳣ҶεԺȥ
Ҷ֪ǳˣϽϵ˳Ժ
ȥɽĳϣгȫλҲУɫ쳣ء
𲮵ݸҶһݼ򱨣Ҷνӹһʱðɣõʱӡϵǣɽһλϣڵ鶫ǳ̰ī¼У˰ɱڶ֮⡣
ĿǰɱϵҪ㽻֣ǣ㲻ÿɷ˶ɣһزŵͰ˸ˡ
ҶŭɶָżˣˣʲôΪĿŵɱڣԺĳ϶ɱʲôǲҸɵģ
ҲǻСҶμֱҪʧȥˣϽȰοҶϣδǲҪ½Ϊá
ҶЦԣû֤ȷʵҪ½ۣȻǳԺĳڶǳԺҪǲʾǳԺҲֵ̫ˡ
˵ҶȻȵĻ£
Ļ¸ϽߵҶε߹ʩҶϣʲôԸ
Ҷһһ˵ĳϣӳԱϸϸǣԺѲԱȡϵѲϱɱһ£
һ˵Ҷϣ²ðɣһ˵ڵطͷϳ飬ӦɵطдǼ˹ȥҲӦְԱɳôӣƱػǵĲ
Ҷɫ˵϶طǲҪһ˵ͳűһ飬ܹ
˵Ҷγһƽһеŭ˵ĳϣĿǲ̽Ժϵץס֣ͻƵȴ档סҪӶǵ̰֣˳ϣеĴȻͻˡ
ĻȥҶζԳԺ˵ڸֵ̰⣬شѾ㹻ϡڣΪǵĵ飬طѾ˸ʽķӦû뵽ѡô˵ķʽ
Ҷοһۣ˵⣬ҪƽѾǲܵˡ


1381 ϴ
ڣҶ⻰̲סͷһҪѪܹƽϢ¶ˣ
ɽԺģǵ棬ȫ˵档
κʽĸսԺȨΪΪӹΪ˺ǣ˺ĶΪ
ҶξãбҪץס¼£Զ¼Ϊеĳǰһδ󳹲顣
Ҫ̰Ϊص㣬ЩȨȡԼݻȡԼĻȨһҪԵĴ
ȻжпܻһĶǵĳԶս׳ʿ׳о
Ҷζھж˼·ǰѳԺĴ󲿷ֳϷֳĸС飬һϯλĳϴͨΪһѲ飬žɽķ©Ѳӡ
ÿѲӵĵطѲҪӽͨڣڵڷӳ飬鵵һһ
ڸڵ⣬ҪӻܣҪʱ⡣̰ڴڶϼУнֹԴشӿ
Ϊ˷ֹ⣬ҶѾѧԺѧԱѡƷ㣬ܳԿ͵ѡ뵽ѲУһϤҵһҲͨӴ幤ɳ
ҶεĲã;Ժֱð硣û뵽ҶξȻܹôľģôص֣
ԣڸ߲ĳԺУҶβȡ˴Ѫķȡ˳ɹҪһУܲƽȵĹȣûס
˰죬˵Ҷϣ̰ʹ޺;ģǾûκġǣֶңѵͲƹˤֱķô
Ҷ˵ϣ˵ʵڵģûеɽˮҲԸӷӳͶ̰ľǸǰ̰ѾǳɹģɽƴѰˡֻҪŷ̰ķ籩Ҫٵġ
˵ҶЩʹļף̾Ϣϣϣλǣǳ⣬̰⣬Ҳƶϵ⡣ѾûʱаͰˡ
¼Ծǵĵ˽еĿֲҲ˵˶ѾҪȫˣʱ򲻴ڲ񣬵ȵ˴ϮæʲôˡȰڣѾûвͬ¾ĵˡ
̾Ҷϣ˵úеҼ֧ľиģһ鴦̫ģĶԿװҿô찡
ҶЦ𲮣Ϳǵˡطװճάı⣬ģıǳԺܹжѾǰýܵĳǰʵֱԭǰ޷ָµĲӣ̸ң
һۣӶԷ￴ηĸоҶˣǵʵĪ⣬Ǹǹˡ
ŪȨǸռ˾ʵĵطҶκø߲Ȩ󣬰װᣬͳ˹¼ҹˡ
ʱȨѲɱȥǼֱţɱûκεķء
ңҪľװûװ֧֣ͺñûצޣ˲˱ˣҷ˺ֻԼ
ıԶ֮ҪıңǸϵͳḶ́ҪǮ˲˵Ҫ֧֡
ǮˣҪԵǣһûһرߴϵɣûӦ㣬һһԸ㡣
ܱߵǣѲѲȴǺܸߴϵģ̰ͨڣĴȥڻ밡
еʱһߴϵĿںŻûκεãһѸߴ䵽ʵǾ޿赲ͷ
һ˵Ҷϣ£ǵ̰ܵĴǣ⣬ôճ
ҶɭȻ̰Ӱӣ߼ߵģһɾ͵شɽƵ̰ѰγӦԱһɾ͵ְ¼ã̰ģ󣬶ҲǳȺģĻڸĵģһɼеɽܸѧϰȻΡ
ĵҶϣҲǲԣûУһĴϴ籩ճְλûоѡ䣬ƱػִҰ
ҶεͷϣĵҲеǼȻ½һõ磬ǾҪԥһپеһУ
ǴӾ֣ѾѧԺѧԱɵǰľиװԼУȡؾؽйܹ𲽰ѾӿȻʵһʱڵľ¹ƣһ˸λ
⻰ͳˡ
˼ҾƲ˭֪ܹѲƲʵʵģҲҶˡ
ڵǣȱһִձϿɵĹֵۣͬľͻɢҶҪ⡣
ĺͿǴи֣µʱͳһ˼˼۾ĺ͸ָʾɵġ
ڣҶĺΪдһй˼ºΪ׼һ۾


1382 Ǵɱ
ĺҪеĹҶָʾҪʷӢﻹһЩɸ¼ȫ뵽۵Уʵ֤Լ۵ȷԡ
ΪˣҶλרŰѻͳͳ뵽ĺ͵׫дУΪĺṩϸϻһЩĽĽ顣
ĺæһ飬ɳƽǻصϱУרŸӵعɳƽһֽǺܼ򵥵£ҪɳƽվȽŸҪܳһ·Ҫߡ
ɳƽҪֵĿɲǾɽĽѲѸǰ˽Ƶĳǰӡ
Ҷε˼Ҫڳǰѡγһ֧Ӵģоսģҳϵֱӡ
Ҷ֪Ȩ֮һıƶ˱ƶĹ֮»
ֱӣȷʵǸ£ɳƽҶǺɵġɳƽҲ֪ҶڵĴҪʵԼ룬ûһ֧ԼǿľӣһоͶ㡣
ˣɳƽӽѡ˲ٵǱʵѧԱΪ֣Լһѵһ𲽸Ҷδһ֧ҳ֮ʦ֮ʦ
ڵǣҶѾѸµĴŴ򿪣һ¾ʹݣֽȻͬ˼ŸԲͬ棬˲ҵĶ
ⳡУҶҪ̫ѪõԸʵвġǸǰʾ̰״ֻôĿ⼸ˡ
ڹŻģһһ׼ѲԱĸпеĹŶɱˣԩģǸһɱһǾûбԩġ
ѩƬһܵĸ鱨ùľ㱨ϵԼµԱһĸо
ҪѰܹռ֮һıˡЩ̰ڱţָڵĳǰָ˳ǰ
ҶչѪһ棬ûԴӣָǰ˵ĽߵҲһβ۲۵ϴ
ϴķ籩ӵǵÿһ䣬ܿ죬Ӵ˴ϴʼٸضǾʹϢ㰵ɱѲӳϣ̰īԼڶȫ߲Ĺ߼󣬾͵ش
֮صĸ̰īȺնʮˣְʮˣְ鿴ʮˣѧϰһٰʮˡ⼸ǰѶǵйͳͳϴһ飡
涫֮ģͷְְ鿴ȵȴ裬е˼Ŀɿڴ
ȨĶͨʳסвеĴڣΪ۵Ļ⡣
Ƕڴ̰īԱ޲ֳƿ죬ʱĺƶɷҲˡ
һ첼øĺ͵ڳɸ֮ĺͽһγɷģȻݷνе·Ľ͡
ڵ͹淶ȻǸΪ׽ܡ
Ҷͬĺ͵Ľ飬ɷΪָԵķı䲼˸طרŵ˽ɷ˼
ڵ˼ķ죬ɷ򲻽һļһ淶˼ףں˵ʷ͵ϵźܺõĿɶԺױԡ
һʱ䣬ڶҶճһ˺档֪ΪǰȺκ崫ӢЦ꣬ǶҶһֽӢ۰ĳݡ
ڵ֧֣Ҷεõ˺ܴ֧֣ڳԺѲɳƽֱŵĽ裬벻İ
ۿеĹ뵽죬ҶҪӰѾʱһ죬ȻӴҶα棬˵˹˵ʮ𼱵ҪҶΡ
ǣ
ҶζʱüͷǵͷһվҶξŵġΪӪͲѲĶָһܣڰټͳǸһܡ
˵Ҷϣټͳǵĳйģ˲ˣҶҲһˡ
Ӧ˵ѵҵһ˸ɵϵ˸˲̫ĳͻѵһ˵ң
ʲôˣҶһʵ
ҶϣһŮӣԳ˵ѣǳ˴ˡ
ҶεͷȷʵҵѣͰɡ
ȥһҶεǰ󣬿Ҷδһ˫ۺףһ㲣ô֮ӡ
ҶθϽ£ʵС㣬֪ôӣǷʲôô
ҶεĹػȻ۵һˣʵҶӣߺǱָ˸Ҳʵ˺ͽ⣬Ըƽദ˭֪֮ǰȻͻȻ˵Ĵɱ
˵Խؿ
Ҷ˲ɵһæʵС㣬ż˵˵֮ǰͻȻ˵Ĵɱô
ǿסᣬֹס˵ԣһ֯ԤıĴɱ
ȿʼʱǿʼģ˵һҹ֮еȫͷأңڳнֵࡣţɱӵĳС


1383 ּ
Ҷαṩ鱨ˣʱ˵ĵжûòпֶζԸˡ
һ־ǽмԵɱ⻹ǵһη
Ľ˱ɱʼǣѸӵܱߵĳУȻǵķΧձչ
Ҷβɵ÷ɻ
һҪԸˣѾǾ˽֪飬ǵĿǰΪֹһ˶ǰ£ûŪ̫
ϾǳȺĿŵԸƱػֲԤ顣һȻֱӵɾˡ
ѵһѾͲס͵͵£Ҫǰ̨ˣ
Ӧòᰡ㼣鲼磬ڲٵĵطԼȻޱǿ󣬵ҪǸչģȻһռƣɱˣһҲвٵĳҰ
Ҷο˼ʱ򣬹Ȼ˽
һüͷǶҶαȭҶϣʹϵ˵ּ
ҶνȥϢԼǸŹ´Ӽʹ
ҶϵǣʹԼһȫͬҶһˣȫǱǿ׳죬۰׿˵Ĵڡ
ʹʮ꼶һҶûҶ˵ϱȭʩҶӢ۲ţһʵҰ
ôҶζеܲĸоҶθϽʹˣҶĳһçˣ衣
ȻԷҶԼĵϣҲʧ
ֱϲҶЦʵʹԶǣ֪к鰡
ʹЦҶϣ˷ǰʹ˼ġһҶΪʴӱô̶̵ȡĿĳɾͣʵȻұգ˵ˡ
˵ʹһ֣ʹϽ̧һһ򿪡ﶼǽӲӵ鱦һۣɵйĲƸ
ʹЦдͳһʮ־ֽݸҶΣҶϣԻʵ۱ıҶϵļνҶ쵼ʹ֮òȼһ£ʵڰҵ¡ؼνҶѧϰ
ʹҶ˼νЦ˵ڶ£Ǹͨһǣ˽ӵܱ˵һЩĵ˾Ȼϵչɱ˴ŭɱάΰϣҶϲҪ̫뷨
ҶкȻһ
ҲǾһǵͷ
˾פһ˾ͿǶڻʣͿʲľ롣һ˻ıԶǰ
ʹҶεɫ粻֪ҶôģɵõһЦЦʧ
һʹ˵ҶϣʹĵĿģҲҪ飬Ǿ˽ӵɿ߱ڿĪʯ˴ɵľšðͨĪʯǿƵıԵشпǴģԡ
Ҷζʱʹ˼е飬Χһµġ
ʱΪ羫ϵ䣬Ȩһͬеġ
ΪһԱ类ԵʱԴĵֿʱν޷ǳǵ
ĵͬʱ¼ɱפǣǵľĵʱ򣬾ͿǴ¡
һʯüƻ
ʹҶεɫһ֪ԷҲ͸ԼⷽͼǾûнİ취һƵЦݣ¶
Ҷһ˵ʹ֣ԴҪôһҪǺúһ£ϾⲻС°ˣʹϢ
䣬ʹһվ˵ҶϵĺˣʹкܶҪҪȥʵڲ˼ֻҶϵĺˡ
˵ţʹһ֣Լת˳ȥ
Ҷΰʹͳ˳ԺϻټеĳϵԺᡣ
ʹϢҶζϸͨһ飬Ȼô˵˵Ӧľ档
üͷ˵֮ƣ
ǰνͨ˰ڵʲôͨļν˭ΪޱţޱǿΰΣ˵ʲôҲҪǵļϣ
ǲڵϾˡ
ʱһ䣬˵ǵʵӵأ磬֮ǿɾ쳣ˣ
ɨһ۳еλϣִҶǳĬ֪ǳ֣˭Ҳ׳⣬Ҷ˵ҶϣѾڵˣǶΪ䣬¾ĵʱˡ


1384 
ҶδλվΧĳмĿеⲽ
ãҶͣ˽ŲȻȻ˵ǲҪҪɼйԻ͵ʷȴһֱԡǰٹ¹Ҫ˵˶֪֮壬սʤ֮壡
һϯ˵ѪڣһЩ꼶ĳҶιơ
ڹЩҶ⻰˵ȷʵ˼飬ԶԶô򵥵ġ
Ҳ˵ʲôȴǰ۾˻𲮡
֪Ը˵ЩˮĻϾѾ˾Ӷˣ˵Щʱ˵Ļ»ᡣ
ҶǺģɲ봥ùͷ
뵽𲮳һ˵֮󣬰ǵľӢˣǸôӦԿܵΣЩôģ
ҶЦ𲮣ѾˣԴӣӽѡʵȺ˸һȥǵİȫҲԼİš
˵ţҶξͰԼ뷨гȻҪǾʹƣǳȫӢɳеͨ硣
Ҫе֪һúƽ壬Ҫԣ˾ʵԼļ԰ġ
ΪǵľӢΪԤͻ¼Ҫȹ̵ķϵκζеˣһһΪжԥ塣
ڶµķʮι̣κθڳûߣܵķ
һ˵Ҷϣ˵ķʽǺмأ㲼õķж
ҶЦϣǾͷİɡµĴһΪΣһǻǸԻ󷨣κ˽Ӵ󷨣оڲã浱УҪƽ⣬൱Ҫʮǧ·;
˵ҶչһЦڶ㣬ǷɻðŻ˶ɵ󷨣κ˽뵽һ㣬ͱɵһſŻǲܹ󡣡
Ҷζһ£˵Щˣؼ󡣾һ㴿ɵķֻ֣һȫƽ⣬ܹӴǡ
ڣ˶
Σ˵Ҷϣô˵󷨻бƽĿܰҪǿĵƵ󷨣Ǹôа
ҶδЦ϶ˣ󷨾ƽĿܣڻôԶ·û˺Ҳ۵òᣬٵɻڣҲ˲ƤؼǿǸȺϵĴ󣬳ǰȺĹˣ򣬺ٺ١
˶ʱҶΪʲôôƶԭʵǱ̬찡
ҶκȻɫ˵ҲҪġҪ׼м𲮣ϽϵЦǰ˼һҰСС鶼£ֲĴڣ˴Ҳֻܱܡ
Ҷˮ©İţ˰ȫˡ
Ҷΰ󷨽ͼ˳ûֽ֯޽
ͬʱҶĻ£ԼĶУѡһЩǿ֣صǣǱʱ㱨ߡ
ٺһˣҶεϸѡ£һĶϽ׼رװʱܹ·
ڳķϣҶûвȡ͵Ŀݷʽˣ˵㻬ͷĴߴ٣ʹôͷͱԱķܹһʱ䡣
Ҫ֪ͻϮͷ϶ʢʱóóȻȥǾǺʿĶֽ֣ǱҴɡ
⣬ҶһʱЦЩǰָ£һĸóŸ·ʱúһ¡
ҶΪԤһѳʱһϣ͵ȵϰѷ󽨳ߡҪȻûɺȻǿ֣治֪ᷢʲô顣
ڻϵͳһŬ£ܿͽӽβˡҶϸϸһ£ûˣʹһӢӣ˴ͷǡ
Լڷʻʱ򣬻ϻһ󷨸աҶγתһȦûʲôˣŷ
һҶγģֻĸὫ죬Ħﵯû
ĸͨڵӵܣ츳ûӵܸӣҶȥһ
ĦȥٲӣҶԼѡһƧҽȥڤ롣
֮棬ҶõһָղҶҪġЩҶλûʵսС


1385 
Ҷһڤ룬ЩܾͺıҶһϰһѾȥעʹõľϺͷţּ̧ܹʹˡ
֮ҶεҪעͼЦָϣʼڤԼιԪؼܵĻʹá
ʹľƵʱ˲ı沼һƾͲһܣֱܹҵϵ˺˫عܡ
״ı棬ȥʵϵȶԷӲ״ҲӰβƣѾ˵еǰ£ƴԷ˺
׺ǻǧĹʽϴʹõʱϻʹõģ⵹ҲǸϵģʽ
ɷɢһɢ˾ͻ
ԣ׺ԪؼӦ׵缼ܡԣǧͷųͬʱ̺׵Чǻ
׵â
ȥԪؼܹʵĵâУһιͻȻõģ
Ԫؼܵļǿ͵øһˡʩչʱ򣬰ֵעУߵӣпԵֵһйۿܡ
Ҫڵ㹻ĻٿֲĶ֣޿κΡ
һУӦûлֻע֮󣬷ЧһйзЧ
ӷƣԼյķ缼ܺƼܣȫԺʥնۺϵһ
ʥնʩչʱ򣬼Ϸ缼Ƽܣ԰ʥնٶܹʥնԡ
һ£ʥնۺƼܷ缼ܣڶԷΧγһƬƣöԷ֪ʥλãã֮Уʥһǲˣʵ̫дˣ
ʥն
ǶԷǧ֣ʥնһʹϯԷпռ䣬ʥնݺ䣬ж˶ʰģ
ЩԪؼܺιۺ壬ô˵Ҳ൱ġսֳն񻷾УǰΣʱ̡
Ҫ֪սƺͨսһ֮ͨ໥ɱӮ˶ԷҲʤˡ
սͶ൱ıһкܶನһڿʼʱͺľȵնʱǾֻƴˡ
Ԫؼܣںϵ幥УһЩҪսУȫ򿪾档ʱĹϽԪؼܣǾܹȡøõЧ
ԪԪʸеԪأУܹʹǿᣬһܹ幥ԪؽâܹЧ˺Է塣
ˮԪؼܣǿܹеĹۺʹõġ
ˮ仰ǰ˵ġܹʹղʱͬʱʹˮܣס˶Լ岻ƣǾ͵Լ˶ԷȴǼˡ
ǣʵսӰǶǳԶġ
ˮգ
öԷˮԼܹɲǼԼҪֵλãԷı飬ҶξҪЦĸо
ЩܵۺʹãϾҪ൱Ͻ֤ٵʵϵã͸Ҫĥϡ
ҶηĥЩܵۺʱҵűˡ
Ҷʵʲô£
Ħ˵ϣѾĪʯǧˡ˵Ҫ㱨ô
ҶѣԼѾ˽һµʱ䣬æڤ룬ûиоʱж죬ûеĹۺϵ״̬ʱ侹Ȼˣ
߲Աϼ٣һٶȻǰСѺﵯûҪ˵Ҷ˵
ĦӦһǣͳȥˡƬ̣Ħ˽ңҶһ֣ʾ¡
Ҷʵǰսô
Ħһ˵ϣǼһƽҵôЯŽ뵽УǰûвμӹƵսֻѰϰвŸ˹С
Ҷһƽ׽˵Ŀǳ˵Ҹεĸǣǰ˫˶ԿǾϰսսǾСҼһ
ʵսޱȲпģʱһûˡϣҪ˼׼
ĦͷһӦһǡ
ҶԻһ¿˵սҪսӣӽеĳƺҪˣԪ˧ǽһֱо٣ҪƺΣңҪرǿһ㣬սģֲߣһɵɱ
ҶɨĦһ˵ԤӦڿĪʯΧһǧ˹ͶĲӻϡȻǵ쵼ȷǵڴ֮ǰһ£Ǿõ˹ͶҪʲô
Ħû뵽Ҷλᶪһ⡣
һĦ˵˧ΪӦ˽һǽҪʲôȻٽԵļƻڽоսʵʩ
Ҷ΢΢һЦĦĻشÿɷ΢Цſ˺ˡ
һ£ĦĻûʲô˵˧ĦǸľ²ٵеӦԣҾûʲô׵ġ
ﵯûһ£û˵ȴĿдҲ֧Ħ˵


1386 Ҫһ
ҶȴҡҡͷǺúһ£һܹ뵽һЩûע⵽ĵط
ǣڲпսϣôܹԼҶ
һ˵˧ֻˣܹԼۣĦղ˵˽˵֪֪ˣսû
ҶЦˣе۶һϣǾԼҪšֻлŽսܹ˵һ
Ҷ͸ҪһΣǾܹԼеۣȫǽгֺڱ֤ĻϵġҲ֪Ǻ֮㣬£Ϊеĺڱ֤Լһʱô
һ仰һĦĿ࣡Σ˲Żع
ûлشҶεĻԼʼˡ
ûͳ˧˵Ļȷʵһɻرܵ⡣˭֪һһϵ飬˵Ǻ޲Ҫȫɱǡ֡
£Щˣܹϵĳʲ֤ô

ЩۣҶûв廰Цţʱʱ׳һ⣬˵һЩ鷳ôٴۡ
˰ʱۣĦóһҶָ̡
Ҷεסһ㣬սľǺڣʣսʿǶŶӣûкʵװΪ죬ʲôȥҪսʿƴסһΣǿʵսл۵ģʶȴԶҪֲġ
Ħ˵˧̵ҵȶǲ
Ҷεͷеˣȫǰ̽뵽˹Ͷ򡣡
Ҷεһ£һ򾫱ĴͷХ˹Ͷ˹ȥ
ʱ˹Ͷǰ߲ӵ£ǵķǰ߲Ӷʮľͣ
Ҷ첿Ӹ˷սʿ򵥼󣬸ʿ˵Ҷ˧Ѿʱ
ĦҪ棬ȴҶֹסҶֻ˺û컹ʮǸױˡ
Ħﵯ£ӣ˾䣬κʱ򣬾ӵľԶҪסġ
Ҷһױ£һ·ĲӴӪ˧׭˧ڳһʮӵȺҶΡ
һ˧һŵӣﵯûͲˣǸһҶο˲ˬһʾ˲Ҫ
Ҷ׭ǰʩ˧Ҷ˧һ׳ʿǲ
׭Ǻо˷ģһװϿģǷһͳ˧ķɡ
ҶΣӵԱһŸϵ֪õô׭ܲѺãȸҶοһñӣҶλӦԡ
ҶεЦ˧һµԭġ˼νǣǳĪҰ
Ϊ˶Ե˵ĺ񰮣ǿǲҹתѡǵľӢԶаǾδս£ɳڣѡսʿǺѰΪˣǳԺһˣи֣һ
ˣ׭ֱҶεĻָҶεģû뵽ҶȴǱˣҪҶȥ治֪ж೤ʱ˷ڿˮ֮ϡ
ҶΣԭϣͲƽˡڸǡ
û׭˵꣬ҶҲ׭Ļ˵˧һû˵ءΪߴæʲװز㣬ܲǺָսɣҪЩʺװ
˵ţҶδӻͳһ嵥ݸ׭
ûʱ֪Ҷε˧ʲôˣ֪ĳ棬˵ģҪҵģ㲻ụ̂ܲҵɣ
ʱ䣬ӳս⻹ˣ
׭ӹ嵥һɵûðɣҶΣʲô˼оȻûдҪװʣصʧְѵñ˧ṩеװô
ҶιЦ˧԰꣬˵ôδս£˭̸֪ô򰡣ȵŷ֣ûԵûõģʧ󣬴ʧ󰡡˧ѾҪ㣬ΪɣҪ˧ûУҲû취ҾʹһֵԼҶðˣȻսġ
׭ǰЩڡ
׭ҧҶΣ˧ԸһЩʣҲҪҽˡ嵥ϵЩ϶޷ȫģΪ˧ɵҲǺأɺͿԻʮʣ㹻ˣ
˵꣬׭ҲҶߵһ˵ԷϴҶʮʲ䣬Ǹ񡣡
˵꣬׭ߺһ֣ʾȫɢˡ


1387 յİ
Էһ·ҶҲԳ̾׭ЩµģھʵĶڷŻǺӵġ
һ˵ӶԾʵ̬Ͼܹһͳ˧ˮƽ׭֮
ҶλͷûλѾصɫˡҪ֪׭ʵرǷǳλģͰĿǰҪչ͵Ϯǲܵ顣
ûеʶڷŵأеرǽǣûǱĿܰ
ҪǿĻ·һ˵ǲӿԶԶġ
ţԷߴٵڸʲô㣬˭ʱ氡
Ҷ΢΢һЦӭԷ۾Ҷε۾¶һɫ
Էδ갡ǰʶģԲԣ
ʲôʶԷͻһ£ǻûعζȻоԼʶ뵽һʱЩĸо
Ҷεʶ̼͸ԷʶУҶεʶʾԷʵʶģңһĽ飡
ԷеԼ˵ĻǰǶʶˣҶôᵽˣ
ûĿɿڴ治֪ԼҵĴ˧ôһļһոջһգۼͳʶˣѵ˧ԷʶǸղŵһиôͰ
ҶԷ˿ڣҶεĿӦøӵӦˣͲҪסԷʶǰʾһ£ܹԷʶԼԤȥº󣬶Էʲôǵá
ûͶϲˣǿԷҶιʮδսˣ
ҶκԷʮһ·ģܿ͵ʲֿ⣬ֿλϹʩڽ֪ʲôɣ
ԷɿҶΣϰڳһ߸ϵ˵˧ָҶʡҶҵľͬţսѣ˧ĵɽǺźš
ʿһ϶ҶЦҶʲô˵
ҶεЦʱ˧ҿʲôʲôֵǿȥƴ˧ʴȣãǲǰڽ
˵ţҶΰĿתԷ
Էϵͷ˧׿˵ģҶҪʲôʲôκ˲κν
һĸԷ˵ĻϽѲֿ򿪣Ҷν뵽˲ֿ⵱С
úûٴ𾪵鷢ˣλҶ˧Ͳʲôƴָװ
˵ʲôװеʳװҲˣһЩģ֮ĶҲŹ
һֱֿ⣬Ҷβ˵ˡӣҶûṻҶλѡ˲ٰˡ
ֵǣԷһиͺ⣬ҶЩҪȻ԰һЩ
Ҷ֣˵ЩѾ㹻ˣϾֵܣܲʲôɡ
ԷҲ湻һֱҶͳӪʮزתԼľӪ
ͺϣ˧ôоһʲôôƭôĶ
ûһ˵˵ʲô˵ʲôأôƭǴ˧Ƴģ˧УԷСӸƵһһ㶵ġȣеϧԷҲںҪǰֿĶȫ˾ͺˡ
ҶЩЦã˵ɲǺƵģҲƭģһֿʶĹУ㵱ҲǵĲֿգɱˣյĻǾǰǱƼˣ϶˵ġô࣬ʹŸƴ
û˼ͷʵ˧׭״ʲô⣿ʲô񡭡԰˧˵Է˵ôһֱֿԷɶֻδ鰡ѵѵǲˣ
ҶɫȻһصʲôҶ֪ˡ׭ʵӣǵ񡭡ˣǻȥĦһ˵˵ɡ
صԶҶȫϴͷĪʯһ˹ȥ
ҶΰĦ˽е˷УͼֽϹճһͼȻָŲͼ˵ǴеĿĵأ޳ɿڡ
Ħͼüͷ˵˧޳ɿڣȥǵηǳӣڽսȥʲô
ҶЦΧĿռṹϿǷǳչ֡ҲΪˣնϿ׼һǧ˵ķֶӣʵȴľӣ׼ҷ˹ȥȻаΧ𡣡
ﵯһϸͼָ˵뷨ȫпܣǿ￴ȥʯ۸ӣֻʺСֻ
ʯĿͷ㹻󣬶ҾܽȫΧʯϣǽȥȻٰӡ
Ħһ˵˧˼ǣ֪һУȥԵµնȥ
ҶεͷҵжϣеõϢǰͳ˧׭ʵϾ͵˵ȦǱ𣡡
˵꣬ҶҲԼÿԷʶпһж˵һ顣


1388 Ϯ޳ɿ
Ħ˴ŭ뵽׭ˣû뵽ȻôĻģҪһȫ͵
Ҷβɫ۵С㣬Ż֣˵ǿӦô
ﵯһ˵˧ʵǵĲս޳ɿڴһҲǲԡ
Ҷǰһｫ뷨˵˵Ӧô򣿡
ﵯ˼˵˧ǽṩݲͼĻġ޳ɿһʯֲΨмĿʯ㹻ܹפ֣Уһ飬ǵ˵һǧն֡
˵ﵯѰѲͼתһ£ָ˵ʯСƶϣӦΧʯϣ̫Զˣǰһǧ˳Ե˶Ԯ룬ıһʯϡ
ĦֵӦþãǿԲնʯ֮ϣˣôֲʯ϶ǲһˣԾԵƱһһԵ
Ȼ˵Ħ뷨Ǻãǣ޳ɿڵΧһƬĿռ䰡Ӧȥְ
һ뵽һƬĬСҪ֪ԼһһˣôĿռҪֿȥǿɲһѶȡ
ﵯ͵һӣЦˣǿǿ޳ɿڱϵļʮʯǱ룬ǿʯڻĿȻʵǵսĿġ
ûͼüͷ˵Щ̫ð˰ɣ޳ɿ֮ôһ֣ΪΧʯ쳣ԾҼɣҪеĻʯǳԲ
Ħʮͬﵯ뷨ðǿ϶ģûðҲûսΪﵯ뷨С
ۣҶýζգͻಹУγһϮս
Ҷζսûκε飬˵һ䣬ִаɡ
ĦϮжʱָӹ٣鶼Ħָ¿޳ɿڡھ޳ɿڼλϣĦ޳ɿƫҵλн
ܿ죬޳ɿƫҽһλϣĦеĲȫӷϣĦﵯûԴǧǱ뵽ĪʯС
ɼٿ߲ٿţת޳ɿ棬ھ޳ɿһλãвӽԶĹ۲죬һ״Ϸ롣
ϣĦҲǧ˽ʯ
쳣ӣʯڽŲɵķУʯʮСмЩҪսʿϣϾͿսʿ̼ɥ
һﵯǧˣһʮСǰ̽·ܲҵǣûйһյʱ䣬ѾսʿұʯУˡ
õϢĦɫ쳣ϾҪ֪Ϊսʱָӹ٣еһжҪΰ
޳ɿԱߵʯ֮ӣѾ˵ԤϣǰȻֻսʿһʯʵдհ
Ħ۾ɨ˸ߵҶΡ
Ҷεָӹ٣еһУǵŵҫάϵһϣסԷԲԥ
ﵯ½ĵص㣬ǵ̾ӵһǡҶ϶˶мǿѲߡ
ǵ˻㹻أǣЩˡ
ûκεͻﵯԼĲɵ½Լ֣ﵯĽӽ˵ڵӪ̡
ڵӪ̣ͨľӪ̲һǲȡȫյӪ̹죬Ǹ޷ġ
ﵯԼǧİˣսչһӽ˶ԷӪ̡
ۿԷӪʮҵľһƬأﵯսǣҳ尡

Զսʿһŭ𣬱ŵ˵Ӫ̾ͳ˹ȥ
ǰıСսʿڣھ˶ʮɵľ϶Ե˵ӪΧʼб峡
һıը𣬵˵ӪΧʱ졣ĵ沿ӣŭ̻δɢĵط˽ȥ
ͬʱûͺĲҲϣȡͬķʽ˽ȥ
ģԶûյļҵֻֿʧ˲ʮսʿȫһֵⲿӸˡ
ɨսʱ򣬷ʵֻǧûԤƵǧϵĹģ
Ҷûע⽫죬ϸ۲ÿһսʿЩսʿɶǵһսһνдģɱ¾


1389 ж
սʿǵıֶҶεϵУ󲿷˱ֳ˶ԼѪıܷӦ
ЩһˣεԴ۾ܱʶ𣬱ӶϾģ棬¶ﻹճҺ첲ȶϸޱȣڲϻ롣
ҶٺúðսʿߴⶼֻҪʱͺˡ
еľ»ϣҶζڴ˴εսж˸߶ȵָۣӵõսʿ¸սֵñĵط
ҶҲָ˴еĲ㣬ϸڷָ಻֮
ҶеʿϵĴΪԶս˵ƾ֤
ʯӣĦʾǲǸýһصˡ
ҶЦս˲Ϣ䣬һʤ̣ʵֻһССľֲʤʵϣߵսһ죬ļطϹһ㲻֪ߵζսʧ
˵ҶĦļ˵ĦΪһָԱʤܲٲҪƷʡҪ֪ȫеʱҪ뵽һпܵİֻܹڲ֮ء
Ħͷ˧Լǣҿǲܣ˧𷣡
ҶЦ𷣾ͲҪˣо䣬ʵϾһϷ۵Ĺ̡һǿݣָĲǵ˵ʬǣҲԼһصĴۡĲкܴĸĽռ䣬Ŭɡ
Ħ쳣Ҷһ˵˧ղ˵ĻǸһЩУɵ˵˵һ֣ôǵзͳ˧Ļ϶ҪҲҪǿɲãٸһһ
ҶޱĦЦָӹ٣Լɡ
ĦϽ뷨ļۡҶδӵģǰӵһЩ۵ʱԣִеʱ򣬱ִ
һӦþеĿɹƷʣҲǾӵıƸܹʵֽ˧û
ɳƽһɽôɳġڣĦЩҲҪĻ³ɳ
ܿͳˣձϵļ㣬ȻǧôӵʯϣӦһǧһһƵĲá
ҪʣһǧƽֿõĻľӽǲָӵġ
ϮӦһƵĵ˹Ϊϣֻм˲ĴͷԵһܴѹҪѱȫͶ뵽˿ҪðűΣհ
ۣпǴĹΪʵԣܹ½ľԲǴģĲӣֻСɲӡ˹ĿԾһƵĹģܰȫĲȫ
жϣĦԭеפĵطȥģٵԭʮסһҪȥʮˣȥֻǧһĹģ
һΣĦͬʮֽԤӣϴսﵯʧεԤѡﵯȻʯ͹ǲ֣ʱȺͶ뵽սС
ӵıҲܿ죬Զոհղɵʱ򣬾ͼкѹѹһƬѹ˹
ЩһûʲôЭһλþͽ䵽ʯ棬Ҳ飬Ƿֳ˼ӣԶ˹
ĦԤϵȫһսָӦ죬Ȼɳȷ沿̽ԹǴѹϡ
û뵽ĲӾһѷˡ
˵Ĺ˱仯ħòҲ֮ı䣬ԼͳûоսǧվöΣûĲԿЯԶеĲǰ裬ȵ˽뵽Ħս߸߾𣬺ݺ£һ
ʱԶԶе뿪𣬽̵սʿһ㵹¡
ľ棬ԷָӹٲûѹסӣԼĲȫ档
սʿļµĺҲԶĻжǿǰĵˣľͼͬʬϳ塣
ںηĳ£һνӴսսʿЩܲסˣη壬޷еʱŵսʿ嵽˽ǰǻϡŹֵı໽Զսʿ
Ħһ嵽˶ǰأ䣬һɵǰߵսʿ
Ħʲô£ģһȥѧŵ㣬ǣ
ʿĵһʿ䣬ʿǽη˲䱻һѪȡ˸ƴɱȴûȥƴ׷ŭı˳˹ȥ
䣡ɲӺݺײһʱ򣬲ܹоսжпᣬսʿɱһûκοͶȡɵĵطɱеˣܱԼκһˣķ
ûԤļƻĦֵס˵Ĺƣ˵һϴչ˹
һ£˫ĴŹģͼչˡ


1390 Ǳͳ
ۿԶռƣĦԤҲͶ
˲䣬ŵսʿͷƤİҲԶսʿսˣ׷һͲҵܵ·ߡ
Զսʿɱսʿ̤
սƶתɼҵĶԿתԶɱۿŵսʿԽԽ٣һ𣺡սߣȫҪ
ԶսʿŵĶһһȻ屩ǣһֱǵɶ߲ͣ
һжˣĻѾȫ飬¶˰׻壬͸ճҺĴŸճҺЩ˵ߵսʿһץֱͳˡ
Ҳ֪һ̳˶Լսʿ֮һ̳һսʿܹһ㡣
ת˲䣬ԶɱȻ˫£֮кܿͱˡ
ĦȫˣڶӣҺ䣡
ĦԶսʿˣЩڶӵսʿȻʮɿ⣬Ȼ￪
һſڵȻϣҵıըǣըľ޴ȵĻ棬Ȼû˿Ӱ졣
Ȼǰ͵ؿ˼죬Ѿڶսʿǰͼһ̣ѾѼսʿŵһץץסһսʿŵȥ
Ħ龰ˣϿ쳷ˣ
һĦһͦսͳȥ
ɵȻȱߣĦһնȥ˭֪Ȼ쳣ͣսȥȻһ򻬣ֻһճҺ
Ħʱʧȥƽ⣬ǰһԣȻĿ³ȥȻЦ־͹ץĦ
ûħӦĦ;һᣬţĦоԼһһ˦ȻعԼѾԶĶм䡣
Ҷ䲻ݻ˲䣬ѾȥĦ˻
ȻһҶΣٺЦ˭ѵͲô
ҶεЦû뵽ȻҲǵԣζǵĹ־ڱصˣ
ˣסʺסĵطҪȡǵļ԰ûϵĹͨҪūǲһܷԽôҪ㲩Ŀռ䣬ҲҪūСడǻǸϿİɣ
ҶЦƾһ򣬻Ŵǣȱ˵ôԶˣѵôô
ȻͬЦߣС࣬Ų֪Ǳͳɣ㣬һˣֻһ֮ܰҹȻǺãܰңԼܹȫˣ˵ɣ뵱ūΪҵζ
ҶҼȲ뵱ū뵱ʲôζҵҪһͳ죬ʲôֶΡ
˵ţҶθ߸Ծ𣬻ԼȭеĽԪؼܣһȭǱͷȥ
һ죬ҶεȭͷǱֺݺײһ𡣾Ǳ໵һ˦Ҷεȭͷ˦ֲϺС
ԶĺЦУǱɹҲסˣ໵һ𳤳ĸ첲ſеҶξһȭ
Ҷ΢΢һǱ湥ұ۸߸𣬶ʱҶεұϸֳӲӽ⡣
ҶͨİѽԪؼں幥е·ղʹһ£ȻЩ裬Ч
ؿǱĳϮҶλΪұ۴Žݺ£
ǱϵճҺҶƴһȻıһ·򣬷ɢһЩȻˣǱҲܲסһĺУԼĸ첲ˡ
ɵ࣬Ȼ幥Ԫؼܣһᱻץţ㻹ʲôɽƱģǱʮɣҶμ½пߡ
ʱҶЩƿԵζڶսУ˵幥ʹԪؼˣһЩĵỊ̇ʹԼ幥ʹԪؼܾǱɣЩΪָô㣿
ûҶ˵Ǳŭ˵ȻҲͱòֶˣ
˵ţǱѾӺݺһ棬ʱӲʯϸֳСѿڣͼǱһ϶ʱʯƬ
Ǳһŭ˫Ȼһ˦ʯƬǵҶ˹
ҶЩƬ˵ԼսʿϽͨԵȡԼΧһգʱâɵĹγһ棬Ǳ˦ʯƬͳͳסڵâ»촷ۡ
ɵ࣬ΪֵܹסҵĽô㿴Ǳͳʵɣ
˵ţǱȻ˫һ𣬶ʱϵһԴ뱩ǣԴ֮ϣϸСҲӭǣһһҶξ˹
ҶλͨԵЩ뿳ȥ貵ĵâ£Щ׷ױնϵ䡣ǣûЩ䵽棬ڱնϵĵطµĴ볤Ҷϯ
ɵ࣬ҵĴܹģʲô취ܹҵĹ֪жܹģҪһǣҿһֱ浽ģ


1391 թ
׵â
Ҷεһŭ𣬴ҶεұһҰ׵ĹâҰ׵Ĺâգۼͻǧŵâ꣬Щ޲Ǳÿһ֡
䡭
ϣͼǱĴһΣžͱһԶԵĩǱıҲΣ¡һڵϡ
Ǳҡҡλվֻһǧ룬дľӳۿҪһ
ҶЦǱȷʵͬ죬㻯ɻԺ󣬲֪Լܲ³
֣һأɲǻѪ꣬ǻ˵Ļ棬ЩӭǣʱһƬ𺣣ڻ𺣵Уһֱ޴ͷŨŨĻ棬Ǳ
ǻԪؼܺѪͶɵµĹʽǱĴ뻹ûȫչͱһƬ𺣸ճ˻ҽǱӦͷѾˡ
һ죬̺ιͷѾײǱϣʱǱ屻ƬЩƬڻ浱Уȫջ˻ҽɢȻǱѾ׻˻ˡ
еԶսʿɵˣΣȺвűһĻ
˧䣡˧޵У
Զ䣡Զ޵У
Ҷν˶Ĥݰ¾еʱ򣬵Ⱥҵʱû취ֹסֿȡ
İõĽܣǶԿȵȺء
սĦҶʾɷʣʯĵɾ
Ҷ΢ЦŰڰ˵ѵ˶ɾˣǲǸûȥ׭ˣǾ͵ýµ񣬶µпһ塣
ĦͶأλ˧ǵֵ޷ǼƹıԶǸ
ûҶεԤϣһԺ󣬺󷽵׭ͨѶϵԶѯʾĽսҶθˣԶĿǰ뵽սУŴòɿսе쳣ҡ
׭ģٴ˸ҶͨͨѶĽϵ
Ҷθϵˣڣ޳ɿڵսѾ˰Ȼ״̬˫ܹͱĸʯϣεս
˫ΪƴҶ󳷳սص׭ǲ
׭ӵ󣬲ɵЦźúһǵأüõˡ
ˣ׭ٴҶΣҶΣڸսȫԽԶޱҪﲻѲľ񣬲ס޳ɿڵš
ȻСģսǶȫֶԣԶӰһս
ҶϱʾΪ˵ԣԶȫԸսһ̣ΪǣҲΪӮľ档
Ժ˫ƭƭ㣬׭쵽ˡȵ׭һҶߵ֪ҶΰֿĶˣ
˲ֿ׭֪Է֤Ҷôľʡ
Էеͷʱ׭Ȼһ˵ȣ˵Ҳ㣬ˡ
׭һ˲Ȼ뵽йҶεһЩţһͬŻõ鱨У֪˵ڵҶλһ־Ĺпܹס˵˼ά
һ׭ʶҶοͨԷеļ䣬һҶο϶֪޳ɿʲôġ
Ҷα˵ʵһйϵǿһԶ֪޳ɿʲôǰ£Ȼᷢеʲôҵս˵Ҷ޳ɿڳЦԼЩء
뵽׭ʱϴܣϰҶ׽ǰúһֱӸɵǣûκεĽڣҶǿֲҲδؾ
һ׭ѹŻ˵Է˵Ҷδߴʵ³򣬵ҲҪһεġһˣҶһʡ
ԷԼˣ˧ңҡûɣһʸҶΣ⣬⡭
׭ͷʾԷûԷ׭ܵĽ
Ҷ޳ɿȴȻ޳ɿһĴͷУ˵ԷЯŴľʣοԶˡ
һԷˣҶζٸвǵͷˡ׭ô˵Ҳһоͳ˧޳ɿè壬Ҫֵġ
ĦһҶɫæʾô졣ҶЦĳҪһ˵ȥˡ
˵꣬Ҷξ͸ĦһԼźﵯһսʿȥӭԷȥˡ
ѽԷû뵽ʧԶӭˡˡҶԼĴͷǼʮδһԷȵòˡ


1392 
ҶǰԡѪɱУԷ޲˫ԮδҶսʵƽ֮°رܹҶ;Ҳֲһҵȱɡ
˵ţԷӻͳһֽ嵥дŴ˴ιƷ˾⣬зĽ͡
ҶԷ£ȲˮԷЦʵҶ֪޳ɿ״ʲôˣ
䣬˸˧ħ
⡭ҶοԷ
ԷϽ˵ҶҪң⡣
˵䣬ĦĴ˽ʩ˧ЩųֵǻڵʱͻȻչϮǲУʧ˲ֵܰĿǰǰֵѾֵסˣʾɷһ£ݱܵ˷â
Ҷκݺһӣеôͳʧص״ˣڽǰ˵ĻǶҷľ£ϰѵ˴ˣȻ£
ĦΪѵ˧ѾסˣƴĻǵֵܾܿҪˣ
Ҷγˣ˰ɣǿѿڽǰͲܸô
ĦȥҶζԷ˵ڽ㿴̿ɲô򰡣Ƿǳ׺ѾʧˣȥҶ֪ܴ˻ȥ
ԷЦҪ׭аţ»ľͱҶıݸŪȥˡ
ȣҶ࣬˧ҲܹģҶǰ쳣Խ޳ɿĵط˧׼սԷҶӵϳʵǰȥ
ԷĻҶγһĦݳϷ׭ΪԶʮֳԽ
û뵽ԷȻֱӲκεĽڣֱԾʽϸһط
ô֣֪˧Ƿأ
ǺǣҶ˧ȻǵԶľˡҪĵطϲǰУȽϻȻǲ̣ս½٣˧Ϊúܵġ
ϲǰߣ϶ҲʲôȥҲû취Ȼѡ˹ͬ·ǱҪġ
ԷģοҶһȻھˡ
ӵ˷ϵ꣬ϲ˹ȥ
Ƚٵϲ帽ʱҶκԶȫĲ״ˡ
ϲһǧɽм䣬ɽϵƷǳվԲǧɽһΪ
ϲڵλãɽмλãֻһܹʺϴģŵ˵Ĺȿڡ
˵ռϲ壬ռľսΪͨʮ˴ģţǽǷ
ûռϲһֻŶԷǲԼֻܱӦ
ϲΪģʮ֮ڣеֲȫҵıըеٵôݲҿԿЩľĵطڵĵط㰫߶ߵľ롣
սߵʬ壬ԼսѸˣǵϰ߲߰Ѫգȴ֪ʬҰ
ôҪĵطΪͳ˧˵ǾԲܵĵģ׭Ϊ˿ҶΣԶˣ
Ħһµ˵˧طʵ̫նˣóȻֵĻ֧ܲ춼Ǹδ֪
ҶεͷʾͬĦĹ۵㡣ΪԶͳ˧ҪġҶҪǣôǵľӢȻصǡ
ţͼϲƵʿЩʿϵĻװѾ߲ˣǵûһõģĿ˰̡
ҶĲôһ㽡׳ʿΡΡʵԲǺ¶ģнľ˵Ļһ
ҶסҪǰĦߵǰλֵܣҾҶΣĲֵģ
ƴսսʿǶô΢ҶʼǱһ־ġЩսʿԼľ⣬ҶξԼӦ顣
Ǹʿʱ棬桭ҶǺˣѾս˽ˣʮֵܣھʣ²ˣ׭һһֱƭ˵ϾԮֱԮǡ
һ⻰Զսʿ޲Ȼʮ˴£Ȼʣ²ˣǶôҵս
սЩˣҶεҲӿһѪ


1393 ҹϮ
ǸʿһҶߵˣɵòҶʹ˰
һʵе¶ʿ뷨ǵĲӣӦôҲʮģĲӰɣڿһ˶ôܲеأ
Ҷΰοʿ˵ֵܣѾˣ֪ͨǵˣϳأеһо·Զˣ
ʿԴϲϸϲϵֵܷźš
̼䣬ϲһȺڵʿҶ֪Ҫ뿪طˣ˶ϲ
Щʿʱ򣬾ͺһȺһгŴɫҶ֪ЩѾ͸֧ԼеǱܣܹȥЩֽ״̬
ţϵĺֵܣ񣡡
Ҷһ£еԶʿսʿ
սʿݺᣬޣʲôܱʱһİοǶأ
ԶȥĺսʿĦҲ̾
ҶЦĦôͻȻЩƸˣ
Ħ˼Ц˧ҪȡЦˣҾǺȻãҲĺսʿıԶѪܵʵ
ҶεͷصҲҪһζأǵǡϾʮѪжӣֻоǧˣҪú취а
Ħɲ˵ˣֹģĴսۣ˵ˣƽӴûлӴǾδģս£ֶͲǵԺˡ
ﵯԼţĦûǸȥ̽һ
˵꣬ҶξʹĦûˣϲ塣
ϲϻѾûг͵ˣӵĺۼϿ嶥ÿһأǾ˲ҵĲɱ
ӷ嶥¿ȥԿԶŵۼŴжʮģƵš
ҶüͷܣѾտˣԼľǧӲƴ죬ЩǵľӢҪ˸ƴ⡣
һ£ҶδӴָͳһЩ󷨻ʯڷ嶥һ󷨡Ȼ󷨣ԼĦû
˰죬ͼԶӿмǧ˽Ƶսʿһѷϲ˹
ЩһȻڽϲо飬˰ɽϾͰڳɢͣһɽϳ塣
ϲ嶥ʮŵľ룬Щһ׷״ӻͳһںĶ嶥ӡ
ЩںĶɵɽϷ˾ҵıըⶫܴҶοóһЩƷҶûмģһҲҶƵڵ
һЩսʿͰЯĶȫӹ⣬嶥ȥ
ǣ嶥Ѿһˣǻŷ嶥ѾûˣϽϸѲ鸽ȷ֮Ը߲ұ˴ӵ
ҶβõǸС󣬱Щܵ㾪ŵģû뵽ЩսʿһٱըһӣȻǸµ󷨸ըûˡ
ܿ죬ǧ˵սʿһ嵽˷嶥ó쳣˷ܣЪ˹һ
˺һһģļһ˼һȺսʿͣճٵ˼ڷ嶥޽˼򵥵ķ¡
ҶļսʿĹһֱȵЩսʿԽ뵽ϢŴĦûɽ塣
صԼӪأҶϽĦˣԼסķ嶥طͼ˳
͵͵ȥЩһȫˣҶòɵĿ˵
λͳ˧ѾäӵĵزȻǴ˧ô˵ˣǾһҪɣ
Ħ˸ݵ˵ķϮսҶûиҾʱ䣬ָеĲ㣬ȻĦˣԴһǧ˺ȵھͶ֡
֯ˣȴ´
ܿ죬ҹɫٵϲϡҶԴĦ˴ǧսʿϢӽϲ塣
ڰѾеһ·ϵнûʲô⡣ھ嶥ʮɵľϣҶֹͣԼʶͷųȥ̽Χ
ŵľԻǺܸߵģǰʮɵľϣ
ҶϸĦԼϢڵλá
Ħսսģʽһ֣ʮսʿòİ˵˰ڵλãһơ
ʮսʿϢڵλãͬʱʮսʿһ֣ڸĽˡ


1394 ĶԼ
ɲǼ䣬ĦĽǧԶһӵϣѾ뵽˯еĵзء
һ·ûκε⣬Զսʿ˯սʿߡ
һȫȫĵɱⲿӸûüκεķûһܹѣȫԶսʿĵꡣ
ĦĽϸɨսȷûΣգҶλ㱨ս
˧Ѿɨսˣ۹еǧʮˣҷûֻмΪԼСײԼ˵ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷеʬֿԺǳƾ֤Ħһǧаţֵɽ
ĦֱԼĶ䣬һƯ͵ϮضӦǸϽӹؽзôϾͳˣ
ҶοĦǣЦ˵ĦǾôҵףڷ嶥÷ظԷƴģǷǳǵġΪߣҪľʱƣȻǱز㣬ǾҪİ취
ĦȻ˧˼ǲսƴģҪѵǵսս
ҶεͷЦ˼Ϊһ죬ʱҪġִʱ˼뽩ֻᰴʵƴɱֻǸɽҲΪʲô˵¶ıԭ򡣡
Ħ˼ͷϰԼһǧ£ú˴ŸԵĲϲ塣
Ҷδһǧˣŷ嶥ŵķȥھԷӪλͣҶó󷨻ʯָЩʿһһ󷨡
һأҶҲѪŴӪһֱϲ嶥һʮСС󷨡
Щ󷨣Ի󷨣Ҳй󷨺ͷ󷨡֮Ҷξһԭÿӽϲ嶥һҪһĴۡսʿͨ󷨵ϲ壬һܱ֮࣬Ѫ
󷨣ҶκĦŶЩϢȻʣûвҹϮǧ˽ҶһĦȻǧ˾·ˡ
˵ڶϲһܹ࣬ϲ
ŵ˿϶ڴ˧õǰ˿Ҫ֪Щ󷨣Ħһǧ˶۵Ѫڵһǿ϶Ѫ
ңĹУ֪Ҫʧء
ĦսʿǣЦ˵ǲе㺦ˣģȻмʮˣҲú¡ҲҸҴģǧϲϾҪˡ
ʱĦսʿǲҪĴģͨһĬʽսʿǽŵɳ
սʿǱĦ˵Щ˳ϲҪˣĦɣҲδؾһɣ
һսʿȻ˵ĦҸˣˣһľô
ĦЦСӣ˴˧ĹˣӵжǮǿҪµġҪˣҰվһ£ҪˣھӪȦ˵ǴɵϣŽĻô
ǸսʿĦΪģãĦҸˣ
ЦɵϣҲԼԼʲôҪǵĹֵܲһ·ˣ·֮ѵҪվڣһȺɵñĦӮˣȻҪжԼҪĦˣ
ˣˣҲˣŶŶˣˡսʿǿʼ⳰Ħˡ
ĦȴЦƵֵǣ֪ĳĹôˣˣɲ׼ˣղŸһƵģɶվүǣ˭Ҫ뷴ڣҲǿڸǰһأҾǶԼЧô˭
һ仰սʿ˵Ĵ۵СۣˣǶԼʽˣ˭ҲûŷڡƫƫĦ⣬ѧһŮˣǽܲ˰
һսʿСʵĦҪǵǳǿô찡
ô죿Ħһ˵
սʿˣɵǧˣ˳ôҲϣ˵ɴػֱңôԿҪ˵սɳ쾭ģäĿçײսʿһʱԽܡ
ĦȻվһ쳣۹ɨΧ
ֵǣ˧ߵʱ˵֮ܺԡҾãΪǵľӢΪˣǾ͵аһǻѪȫսϵľ֪˧ǧָʲôȥô
սʿ໥ҡҡͷ
˧ǧˣô͵󷨣Ѿҹ͵͵ǱŵĴӪǰˡֻҪ˹ϲ壬Ʊػעȫеʱ˧ǧֵ͵ӪֵǣǿפŶʮĴӪ
˵Ħоǳ羴֮ɫֵǣ˧Ϊһͳ˧ҴͻϮʮڼĵˣֻռƵĵˣô
սʿѪڣչ۸ߺ£
һսʿ۾ŹˣĦȻ˧ȥ͵ӪǾ͵ϲ嶥ǰȥ
Զԣ˧Ҵôĵˣǲô˾͹ֵǣǶ˰
ǰĦǿɲ͵Ӫֵǰ˼һô˶ϣǻЦ


1395 ͵ϮӪ
һʱ䣬Ⱥ鼤ܣ׷ױʾҪϲ壬˵ʲôҪѵѵˡ
Ħɨһ˵ԭϢú㾫ԺеҪ򣬲ʱ򣬶ҺúϢҪʱ򣬶øƴ
ػıըԽԽܿ죬սʿǷ֣ϲ嶥̳ȻѾƣɱϲ嶥
ӰӰ´µģ嶥ϳսʿӰǺȻҲµµԶսʿָһ˻ȥ
ͬʱҶѾŵĴӪǰʱˣӵܱ˵ǵѾϲ壬ϴֵǣ˵עѾȫϲˣڣ˸һɱоӪֲ
˵Ҷεɫ쳣ϾֵǣԵģʮҵĵˡǣһηսʿǰȻаΣҿΪˣκ˶ֱһͱҡǰ˸ηǰɱۣ
˧ıеսʿȫѪţɱɱɱ
Ҷһȣգۼ嵽ŵĴӪǰЩӪŵսʿûŪûô£һŭ𣺡
䣬һŻŵڵһЮ쫷Ӫգۼ䣬ӪΧԲλöʱ뵽һƬ֮Уһž޴ĹЮŻͷȻӪһֱаɵľ룬ȫͷƬȫΪС
һڻͨԶսʿǵǰеķѾȫݻ٣ǰĵ·Ѿûκϰ
ɱǧԶҶεĽŲһɱŵĴӪ
սʿǳӪսʿǷɱЩսʿûô£ѾвٵѪС
Ҷһ߳¾սʿһߴҶҪˣҪ˵֣УҲҪӣҪΧֵǴɢˣ
ŵĴӪʱ뵽˼ȵĻСҪ֪ģľŽУһк뵽ֻ֮УҪ£ǷǳĿѡ̫ˣϼָҪ´ﵽ㣬ǲǼ򵥵仰ܹ㶨ġ
սʿɱ۵սʿǰֻǱķݡʱûͳһЭָӣսʿͻȺһɱ
ֻдȾԵģɱ¾ֳսʿܣäĿҴܣʹûֳҲʧ룬ôӴľӪ£˭һ뷨ǾǾԿֲĵˣ˭뵽ǧôţҹʮפĴӪأ
ʼʱŻľٻܺǳסҴܵʿɱ¾ĽУԽԽսʿ뵽˿ֻŵУٱ˵ǳˣɱ˼ʿ޷ֹɧҵӡ
ʱսѾûˣҪ˵ʱˣڴʱ۲ĳϲ巽ĵоѾʮ𼱴ӷ嶥£Ԯ
ҶεЦˡ
ҶεһЩľϴһ߳ˣһ߽㣬սҶʮ⣬ʮ⣬ûһ
ھȻнУڶڽʱûãڳ˵ʱЩսʿк
ŷӵսʿһڵҹȥڵǿҵıըҵĸ»ǿҵѣ⣬սʿ׷ȴֱٹ٣Ŷ첽ѼǰʱԶսʿԶˡ
Ҷǧսʿٳϲ壬ӭͷøϴϲԮӪĲӡҶ¶˻ĵ΢Цֵǣһһǧˣ
˵ţҶָһȵ֮Ƽܣã
ʱҶָķһֱ쵽ϲ嶥ȫƲǣһʱ䣬Χããģָּ
һֻקŻ飬һֻյֻҪߵĻ飬͸ҿҶδһͷ
սʿϰҶεķԸһֻץס˻һֻյ۾ҶεΣͷǰ塣
ܿ죬սʿ˴ϲ³սʿЩսʿɲ֪ô£Ȼ֮͸оԼ֣˵·ˣߵĶѶʱһңͱ˴˿ʼ༷ײ
ʱڵУĲҺսʿ˿ɱһʱ䲻ȵսʿȥҪɱԼ
Ҷǧ˻صԶʱפصʱеսʿȫһĻ
ҶĦĽŸԵɽž䣬ҶҪԲһ󣬵˳˴϶Ҫ񱨸ġʱҪ׼˵Ĵ֮ƿ²Զֵܹġ
Ҷذѹ׵ĶҲóˣϲɽ£˾ŵѪʵһʹõ󷨣ĵԭܹһйڵһԪصйܣЩȫʵʻ


1396 Ƥ
ŵѪ󣬿ɲ¶ԷػΪǸΪһģǰѵƤƵߣҲûа취ƽ󷨡
ҶΰĺܾһһͨԱϲϵĵܹͨͨԱߣҶ˸ָ壬ֻҪҪͨԱ߹ǵﱻĶǱʴԵҩˮ
ľǣҶθ˽ƣһʮֱ̬Ŀн󷨣ٻ;
󷨵ص󷨻ʯڿӪŤĿռͨô߸Ҳȷķ
ת;֮УܹԶԼĿ꣬㰴˼άɹȥʱ򣬾ͻ뵽ŤתռͨҪʵӲƣǿɾ¸ˣΪ󷨻ʯĴڣƿ٣󷨾ܹ١
ʵĴڣܹ档
һʰ׵Ҷ첿뿪һϵһؿӪկ
еӪ̰裬ȫİڿӪм䣬˸߸ߵһģдŶ֣Զ
Ҷ͵ϮӪսʿһնۺҲֻһֻ֣ҹҹϮն񣬲Ÿոһǧ
׵ҶͨѶ׭ǿҪ׭Ի
ûҶεԤϣͨԷ
ԷҶεǺܿģʮֳϿ˵Ҷǰߣ֪չΰ
Ҷδ󵹿ˮڽҿӿˣ㲻˵һ޹ؽҪİôôһӳʮĵоǶʮҵڽϿԮȻֵܶס˰
ʲôϲ帽ȻжʮĵоɣҪ֪ʮﶥ°ԷľӦƴˡҶĲԷѾƣ֮ʦˣռϲΣһӦû⡣
ڽѾսʮˣ˶Ƿ˷ļʽ棬ڻĶػǵװҲ֪Ųסڽ㿴ԮȻṩػô
Էǻ˵ҶǵѴֵ֪ġڸǳԽǾԽΣ֮Ӧ÷һ¿࣬ľҪ֣־ʤȵɻˣ˧Ȼǻġ
ҶЦڽǸװаɣǵ̫սûʵĲ䣬ǿɼֲ˶ð
ԷζЦ⣬ǿоһµġҶҲ֪ʵҪ˧ͷͬġ˧ȥӲˣ˧Ȼϱ˧ƽ㿴ô
һһҶκԷ֮䣬Ͳǰ߽֮ĶԻڳƤһ顣
ʹ죬ʵ˧ҼǵǷǳɴ䣬ǳϵģôԷǸСӳ˰ûõģ
ҶεЦ˭˵ûˣѾͨʯе̸ȫ¼ˣѵûô
һӳһ£ףҶôʲôá
ﵯȻ˵˧Ǿ׭Ǳ߿϶ǵֺʣԲŻԷƤԲԣ
Ҷгɫﵯʲô뷨˵
ﵯ˼ЦϹµģ˧ɱЦҰǾã˧İѱ֤׭ǷܣʱΪǵһЩжнڡ
ҶιЦﵯͷȴתÿ죡׭ҪǺǾˣ͵÷Ҫǲܹ׬㹻ͬоԳֵɣսǿǾԲռ
˵Ҷ̾һ˵Է˵˵ǿնɱ屶ĵ˾ͿԻؼңĿ꣬˵Ҳǲɵ񡣵ǣҪо˵ľǲΪ׭򣬶Ϊĺƽ밲ս
Ҷɫ쳣ؽ˵Ϊ˵ȨΪ˵ڱȫԼԼ֮䣬Ҫѡһƽ㡣Ȳ˼ԼܰԼѵ
ﵯͷ˧ˣ˼Ҫֵһ󣬾ǵȻö֮޻ڳصԼļ硣
ҶЦﵯļ˵ﵯ⵽һ㣬ҺοԺ͸׭Ǳ߳ƤǿѣܶԷ˭ܶԷôƤһҪʯ̸ȫ¼һսҲҪվڵ¸ߵϣ
Ħףԭ˧ղⰡͳһѧʣܴἸսܹʤεġ
Ҷθող꣬飬˵ϲ巽򣬳˴ĵоЯػװãѾϣҪɽչʽĳ档
û뵽˵ıûܿ죬ôͰѶˣضԷҲǼˣôĿϽԼʿǰҲ˵ȥãǾǵʲôĦȫжӵǰȥһϷ
ҶȻԶսʿӪھŵѪǰں͡


1397 ɽ
ҲǺоģûΪԶٶäĿȡų棬ػص㣬ϲ嶥ںػװãɽ²ȡػǡ
ҶѾȷԷػĵŵ㣬վеսеǰأЦпϲ嶥ػ£Ҳûƶ
Զսʿûмʶҵڻ𸲸ǣвɫɷף巢ػǿıըضڲЩֻμ˼սսʿǣǲ˾޴ѹ
˧ǿ־ܹȾÿһսʿġҶεĦĽ쵼˾վսʿܵĪĹ衣Ȼڻ籩кҲûһ˶һ¡
嶥ŽָŵսʿɽԶ˼ʽܼͱӵĳ档
ҶεϸһĨӵɫΪ֪ᷢʲô糱ˮһų˾ŵѪ󣬱ػȫǣ˰ĵƤȻɳһ㣬ȥսʿС
Щսʿֵط֣Լ뵽µĵطϾʧȥ磬һͷʱ򣬾ͼϸֳŨŨѪɫ
Ĳ룬սʿԼһ㻯ΪСţӵÿһŵѪսʿͷ
ļʱ˾ŵѪСŵָӹٿϴˣǣľţΪһͣ
һǧ˵սʿھŵѪлѪˮǣɽĳ滹ڼŵѪȻųսʿ
ҶοԷͲȣҳһţĦͺ챾ӾŵѪԱµͨų˹ȥ
ű;δּԷɱ˹޶־һϾҪܡ
Զ˹ȫһߵɱûκεĵֿһսûʧһսʿöֻ˲һǧˡ
սǳ룬ռĶ֣Ѿˡ
Ҷűʱ򣬾׷ɨսϾ£ӣԼߣϽ޲΢ĵ
ص˾ӪҶĦһ߲ӵָӹĦ
ԶеսɲǼ򵥵ĵô򵥡ײг̶㣬ԶһˡţҪֻǰԶ߾ˣһǱԶ졣
Ҫľһռ˵¸ߵأϾ˼Եֿ´þԵĵ۰ƣôԶͻܵۺ͵µǿѹ
ҶﵯûΪľռ֤ݣԶٵȫչֳڻܹŪģʵǰڵ۾Ҳѩġ
ﵯ͸׭Ǳ߳ԽԽáΪ¿Ǽ£ԶѾ漱Ѿս㱨ȥ׭Ҫǲȡжʱµ۵򣬿϶ǵԶߡ
ûǱҶһС飬רŸռӰĹԶԵĿǶʮĵˣϣҪӰԶ˽ֵӰҲҪ˭һ۾ܹԶûս
ﵯûæԼ飬ʱ㱨˵Ǳߣּ˴֣׼Զʵʩսж
ҶθϽûʹһ𱼸˵һߣϲķ嶥Ѿ˽ⲿӡ
һأѧˣҲڻ𸲸ǣҲмʽ棬ɳСɲӽ飬ȻǧСΪÿɵľһǧ˶飬ɢαǰƽ
Ӧ˵ŲȡıӣǺЧ˾ŵѪɱ˵ġңΪεɢԼ֮㹻ļ϶Ҳкܶࡣ
ɼŵѪ޷ԽһСϰٵսʿɥھŵѪС
ǰĲܵ˾ŵѪ谭ʱͣǺĲӻǰѹģɢεıӾͱܼ͵ıӡ
ҶοԷĶӣôĦͺԶ̾еݺݴһӣ
ĦԴСӣߵխĿϾش˹ȥʮִݰѶͰںá
˵һ£ߵС뿪𣬰ӵһսʿùǺ
ʱδңеսʿ˾ŵѪУһѪˮеܣΪڵ˵涼ŵ£ҵĻֻܾеһ·
ҳȥͬʱĦͺսԴűĲ׷ŵƨɾɱȥ


1398 ǲȺ
һ£εսеǧңΪкܶ˾ŵѪУռĵ֣ʵҲֻ߰ٶࡣ
ûܲ񫣬ʵ˧Ѿȫˣǰ׷Ļȫսô˰
ҶЦƴһʵҪⲿĵ˹ȻǾĴңǱ˵˻ʮĲڲԶĵطһǵ˹ԣμֱɢˣ˵ԮӴһ£ͳˡ
һȥҲͷڷ嶥¡
ҶҲûз£һδսģԶװʼ׽ˡ
ʼʱﵯԷܸװĵҩȻԶʹõĲһҶʦѶĽһҲܹʹá
һʱ䣬ԷЩԾˡԶһһžͿ춥סˣҪԮҪװ
ԷŸԮԭ򣬸Զ˲ٵװ
ǣʱˣԷ͸оˣﵯǼĵĿԶϦһһȥˣԶûȫû
һʵԶʧﵯֻһ仰ս൱ңҷʧءڵʧ٣һӦѾֲ˶ˡ
ɹؼֲ˶ʵ̫ˣ죬ʮ죬һ¶ȥˣԶȻڣ
ԷʼʶװĹ¿ɺãﵯͨѶҪԭһΣһΣ˼ҪԮҪװ
㱨׭׭Ҳǰ˼⣬Զֻвһ˰жʮУҲӦðԶйˡڿɺãȻڼ֣
׭Էҽڰװˣ˵װڰϱˣĽңﵯǱߡ׭ͲˣһԶֶܼã
һգȻ˵ǵзʹǰҪԶ˧
ҶθоЩ֣֪ŵ˴ʲôע⡣һ룬üҲ޷˵ͨ˽һ¶Է
뵽Ҷξôǰˣʹ߸Ž
ʹ߼ҶΣ΢΢һ˵Ԫ˧ˣҼη¸ңӮнʿ𾴡Ԫ˧˵ֶδ̫ˣһֱһЩսռϷ磬Ҳʧ¸ҵսʿķɡ
ҶЦǰʹ˼ôŽвʧ¸ҵսʿķأ
ʹ߰ȻǵȻǵԵǹǹʵϴһ̲¸ߵĶԾڳһ󣬰еȫĺߣʵе˲ɽܡ
ҶһЦʹ߿ǧ˸Ƕʮֱ̣¸ô
ʹɫԪ˧ˣδҲ̫С֮ˡǵȻԶ٣ǻóͬˣһĽ
ҶιЦ˼ˣԼǲǣ
ʹһˣ治֪ҶԼʲô˼Ԫ˧ˣ˵ԼܣҲס
ҶιЦԼһط£˼治֪ôеӸǡ
ʹԼܵ˼Ͻ˵ġԼսԲҴ򡣡
Ҷοɲʹôͣ΢΢Ц⣬˼ȥͳ˧ˣо䣬ıʤִȺһҰΪǺܲмģˣͿͣ
Զսʿưʹ߾͸ˡ
ʹ߱ߣҶεɫȴ
Ħǰʵ˧װز㣬Ѵˣ
Ҷ΢΢˵ͷʵȱѳһ⡣
Ħͷڵװټʮǲģٹʮ죬Ͳ˵ˡ
ҶҡͷĦļʧĵطġļ㣬ǰĵ̽Խģݲ׼ȷһսòʧпܱ书һۣȡѵķǵͻơ㹻ǿ
˵Ҷ̾˵ǾͲܹԤϵľˡ
Ħһüͷ˵˧ҪȻҰеĻѹװȫȥֻҪܹ˵һĹһص˾Ͳʹóֶˡ
ڵĽǶֳ֮飬̴ڣû֧ԮĻҪ⣬ǣԮ
һ뵽ҾͰҡͷ


1399 ֮
Ҷһ£ͷҪ̴֪ϣ˻϶Ѿ˽͸ˡֻҪܹŵѪıԵʤܡһ᲻ϧһдǵġ
Ħһ£Ҫǵ˳һежʤİʵ̫Сˡ
˰ΣĦ˵˧ҪȻǾó˵׼ɡǰеֵֵ̫ˡﵯյϣгɳˡ
Ҷεͷҡҡͷ˵˵Ҳδһ취򲻵ѵѡԶȻˣǾҪ磬ˮƽĦ͵͵ǲ˸ʹãסǾܵİţöκй¶Ϣ
ĦҪߣȴҶν£ĦȰ˸ҵϰ뷨еװȫ͵һߣõ˷Ԥ
ʵϣҲȷʵͬҶκĦԤϣϲϣģĴ󲿶ӣҶԷ˼Ϊֵ׼
ϲ¿Թ۲쵽ŵԶ̻ҩԶԶеʿȫкöΣӷ嶥ɽ£ǶΪһСӵöΡ
ǵ͵˳Σͨ˵һǧΪһƴ飬ʮ˵ıС顣
ǰһС󣬵ڶСһʱų档
ܵһСʲôսڶСһСǱǰ谭޷ҲڵڶСĳ¼ǰ
һϳ͵ǲǰСϵưѶԷȫ塣
˹һЩҰڷһ˵ûػѹ£ѵֵסԷһ˽һ˳ˮһĳ
嶥æһ죬еսƼϣϣžͶԷµԶĵطǿĻǡ
ڳʱĻǺ󣬷嶥սʿʼ糱ˮһ㹥
ĦͺԴۿż۶µսʿ嵽ڵ̷Χڣ
ʱһҵıըĻڳսʿм䱬ըʱһսʿ죬Щսʿ죬Ǳڻɷ𺳵ĳ̶ȣһҲȿߵܵĴС
ĳԶսʿ˼ѹ
ˮĹһʱսʿĸѹºηĹԶսʿɱЩľˡ
һŷյսʿÿһܹսʿе񾭡
һƬƬսʿ£ϲ嶥սʿ½ǣһսʿҶηִϲһ࣬ԶԶսʿ
ҶڵһʱﻹһƣƱҪΣʱ̲ܹã
ս쳣ңԶսʿûǣǵľѾ˼㣬ӸսѾЩıΡ
׼ҶζĦܵ
ʿϿʼҶδӴָóĳڿʼʯԪãĿϲжƫϵλá
СҶδָڵĳȫ̳ˣǿ½òµļҵ
ҶƷʱ򣬻ԥҪҪʮָӵĳڣҶھһ𳬼ڡ
û룬ϲܹó
󣬶ҼʹõʱǳһڳȥҪһʱĻָһڵ򲻵ѵʱá
ˣԵ˸޷γɻԴˣǾɶҲ˵ˣȥҲûˡ
ĦͺоԼĲӷϸ΢仯Ȼֱ仯ǳ΢Сӷɳڵ״ϣѾеϵ˳ˡ
ڷ嶥ϵָӹ٣ҲԾ쵽һ΢Сı仯С֮ļʱ̣һСȥʮʱ䣬õڶСγȥ
ڡҶʮֵ
ҶθսʿڵսʿҲӦķʩɳڱ֮һϵӦٽĶսʿȫ·쳣еĴһ㡣
Ұ׵Ĺâʮ̫һҫۣеսʿ֪ͬʱҪס۾
Ϣĸоδȥһ·˺ľ޴𣬵·ܵǿҵĴ̼Ҫһĸо
ٵսʿǿҵĵ涶εĸоѵĩһ
ڲǿ⣬ϲжƫϵλŵأǿ·ʵԵһڵϲ˳ǿĳʱλһֱ嶥ɽȫݻ٣ɳʯ裬Щɳʯһʱ䣬ȫΪС
ڳŵصλãʲôûʣ£ɽ壬Ϊڵľ޴⶯
һ֮еȫɵˣ
ⴿһոΪĿĵĲϧһеսһ£ִǧսʿΪУ⻹㱻İɽ壡


1400 ˳Ծת
սʿսʿ˴ľؿţ㿴ңҿ㣬ǽٺİһûκεĸоԼԺС
Ҳ֪˶ãȻӦеŸʲôɱȥ
һɲǣеȫӦսĵط
ԶսʿɽƳսʿʱֻţʶҪܡ
ڳսʿͲ࣬ǵսʿһ׷ɱʱȫɥ
˵һʤͨûӰһʧıһ򡣳һӾ͸ɵǧСӵĺ沿ӵնɱ˵ʧνǰء
ʮǱѾûκεĶϲͺһƽ֮أҲûκεһľ³ͻ
ҶΰѾ˸ʿ֮ϣĳҶѾʶ̫ˣҲ֪ʱսʿǵġ
ͨյսʿ˵ǸǳбҪӦ̡ʮսʿǲӾ޴Ӱаѳ
ģﵯٴθԷʱԷȻӦԶһЩʲңʮ־ˣ㹻Զһµġ
ϢҶεǻϲһǡ
ټĦˣҶΰͨһ£ôġ
ûһ˵˧ҿǻҪó˵׼ɡռ֣ͷնɱֵļ¼׭ҪҲ޼ˣʱһǿɾȫǰˡ
ҶεͷǴˣѪҲˡôǶԵԶһƺˡǻһϰǾǱϾǾӣ˵ܳġҪͳ˧һĵʱ䣬ǻҪٵµĿʡ
һҶ˵ﵯϵ׭˵ԶѾԲصȫ׭סЩҪิƣҪ׭Ҫĸţ˶֪ġ
ﵯӦһҪȥȴҶ
ﵯ׭Ǹͳ˧ʱ䣬죬׭ԶλõҲܹͳ˧֮ûнӣǾͳ˧ҪԶȫûʱһкͳ˧𡣡
Ҷ˵ǲκεĺ󻼡һȥ˭ɵӣֵ֪èʲôҪ׭һеĻôԶǿ˳սʹȫ״̬ˡ
ϵǣﵯԷ˵Ҫʱڼ֮ԷȻͬﵯԶ
ϢԶ׭ԶʸҪ𺳣ҶһʱЩǲԼˡ
ﵯļα֤£ҶԷԶŵң̸ͨʯ¼ԷӵʱӦ֪Զ߶е̸ȫ¼ƣġ
Ǿ˹ˣͳ˧ѵ׷ŹԶˣҶ뵽üë嵽һ
ĦǶϢʲôҶ滺һüͷµĽ졣
ĦƲƲ˵׭Ǳ߽ķӦ̫ʧˣֻ˵ʲô˵Ķɾʲô˵
һĴ˵ˣʲôأ˧ҿǾͰڳһӣôǶֹˣ죬ͲǵĻ£
ûͷ֮˧ֻҪﱣֳߵľ裬ƾųʣֵûκġ
ҶĬĬͷ۹תﵯʵ˵أ
ﵯһ˵˧ҵǾãҪȫ׼ǸоˮãҪʱ˵׼ȻӦͻ״
ﵯĻЦｫеڵ˰ɣܹ죬ûоŵѪҾǼҲû⡣
Ħһ˵ʲôʱܹĸֵԸǸһӦýС΢밡ҾﵯĻеӦͻ¼Ͼȫ峷׼
Ҷβ磬ϾͳֹۣҲҪˣĦռľ¹ﵯûҹѲӡסеľ½䱸ͳͳߵģͬʱеսʿһжãʱ׼롣
ͳ˧еҲɢĦ˸ȥ׼Լ飬ҶȴǰԼ˼һ⣬׭ͳ˧Ǳߣ״ʲô⣿
Ҷΰϲηоһ飬ԶܵĹĿǰ䱸׼ԴӦԡ
Ҳ˵ĵǲԶʲô޴鷳ġҶҲƶһ㣬Ǿ׭ǾԲԼô׳սġ


1401 ҹ
вڶţôвӦ׭ڵͳ˧׭ʲôķԸԶأҶֵĿܣҲûһͷ
һжô˳£ҶȴǸϵĪĲ
ҶΰĦȫеԼǰѯһʱĵ顣Ħ˵Ļرһʱǳƽϲûз˿ټɳȥĳ򣬷ֶԷӴӪϲϣûκεĻ
ЩҶεﾹȻĸоԲ죬һɽŨصѹȸо
ΣҶ˵伶뵽ս״̬еսʿȡݵİ취߼Ľ䱸ϢսʿҲҪ˯жףҪое֣
ϣҶλǲģﵯﵯһܵﵯڰ֮ǰɡ
һУҶеǧʯһĸо滺һЩֵǲû˶ȫͻ
һҹޱȣҶμÿʱҪѯʲӸĻ㱨ޱȵѹֹУҶκԶȹ˵ҹ
Է˵ֻҪֹ˵ҹڵİܹȵӵĵ
ܿ죬ҹĻˣҹɫһɽһѹҶεϣоܲ
ٽҹʱ֣ĦȻҴҸĦɫҶ֪ˡ
Ħ쳣˵˧ˣȥĳ򣬴ϲ嶥һֱ£ȫͻȻʧȥϵɳ˼򣬽ҲһȥϢ
Ҷͷһæ˵ɳˣ룬һǷ˼䲻ѰŻģϻܲӵķߣȫƾŵѪ༴ɡ
ĦȥҶﶸȻ𣬸ĦһԶǰصλá
Ҷ͸ҹɫϲӰ´£ȻҹɫܵĲʮУҶЩŤĸо
Ȼ䣬ҶβΪʲôԼôŤԭϲϵӰսʿӰиԼһ࣡
ʱ˽Ҫս֮ϣڶԵеķϳԼ˻ļ˵ʲô
ʱ򣬿µĲײеˣԼˣΪֻԼ˲űȽ˽Լ˽Լ˲ܹԼһ
ڣ׼Ҷ쳣Ͼ´
ʲô󣬴˧ǻԶúܣһȥսܴ󰡡ˣҪһʱȴڣǡ
ûȺ˵꣬ҶϿִ
ɫһ𣬰ѺŵһӣϽȥָӳڵĳ
ۿϲ嶥Ӱ쳣ԾҶγԪĿϲ嶥򣡡
Ҷһ£춯һĺҹк¡¡羪һӹءҰҫ۵Ĺâҹȫ
һ˲䣬˶оΧ뵽ޱߵĺڰСΪǿһµӾϵĳ
ȵָҹɫ¿ϲʱ˶ɣĸоϲĸ߶ֽĺΣԭǸ߸ϵϲ壬ʱͬСɽһΰɽһ
ҶΣ㻹֣ĳҪһʱȴڰɣˣûΪ࿼һô
һɭɭһӰĸ˰գһĺ£ҲɴֻǸʮҵˣʲôҲ
Ҷͷһݣ֮˵尡Ȼܹ˵ͬԣǻϾֵֹֹĸо
˵û˿ĺۼҴϿҲ֮˵ı׼塣
˭ôӪУ֪Ǳе֮ˣļ壬ҲܵǣġҶ̽ţصĺ˻Ӧ
ٺ٣ҶΣҪҵĵϸǲǣһ㣬Ȳż¶һ˲䣬֪𰸣ѵôżô˵Ļ͸¶ʮƶζҶЩõĸо
ҶЦ֪ҵĳ˱鲼磬Ҫҵ˴ڣʵڲ󣬾Ȼ˻ΪҪҵһġ
˺ǺЦҶΣŻ֪ʲôɣҿԸ㣬ϲӣ㻹Щǵ׷ߣȫҪ
ҶλһܣȻЦŶǰıĿɲֹһЩ˵³ôõľǷˣһ󲿷ֵĶǱȥǸô
쳤ЦҶΣһľŵѪ󣬾ܹסô
һԷг˾ŵѪƣҶȻͻһ¡Ҫ֪Զܹ֮ڲ֮أΪŵѪԵʡ
˵ĿЦؿڲλȻɳĶЩĶڼתһʱֱ治ʲô
Ķգۼɵ˾ŵѪǰڰвѾŵѪϷĴҿռ̼͸߽ˡ
Ҷζʱʧɫû뵽ԷĶȻôĹܡ
ȻҶζЩϤĸо


1402 
ҶʲôطʶⶫʱĶȻͷ£žŵѪһͷ¡
Ҷξȵķ֣Ķʮ׼ȷҵ˾ŵѪ󷨻ʯһƳ
Ȼ䣬ҶεԺͬһһʲôطⶫˡ
ǣ
ǵĳУʱ֮ץõƽµ󷨣
ҵˣҶεָſеغ˺ȵ
û뵽ļộҵܹƽ󷨵ĳҶΣӦøеԺˣҪ֪֮ģܵĴ˵޺ˣ
Ħ֯еǰжӣ׼лѹƣûʣĵ沿ӳɷͣסսˣӲƴҶγһ
ڣԶѾûˣ˵һ˲䣬Զʧȥеơ
źȻĽŲõ涼ڲ
գۼ䣬ŵĹУѾԶ֮ڣҶ˫۽ŶԷУȻһڶӣҴ򣡡
Ħս߸𣬺ݺ£
սĻ䣬ֵŭһĿڻ𻮹ҹգŵĹкȻը
Ѫ⣬ʯ裬ֲ棬Ϣĸ£Χڵսʿҽ
һУܿͱڵòɽƣǲĲҽ˷ûͷӬһҴܡ
ŵڶУһƵ٣
𣬵ڶеսʿȻ벽߱ܣٴܼٵٳ档ǳ·ϣڸڵߣ˭Ǻɱ¾
ҶθеĲǵƴļƣǸȻˣҲ
ҶξǣǸϤҶӡ̵ˡΪƽȣҶһʱҲ벻˭
ŵڶݶӵļ٣ֺٶѾԸϵ˳ٶˡ
Ȼڻɱ¾ǵ˾ƾ˸Զսʿľ롣
尡ǸҶޱϤٴŵڶݶӼʧ룬ǽӽԶɵľ롣
ĦϴֳˣûҶסҶμŭ´
ĦһսеľеĦһźûɵķս
սʣи߸𣬴ȵ֣
ǡ
һƶڵĶ֮ݺײһγһ֮ǽ
ܵսʿײ˶֮ϡưսʿı赲סˣǿĳҲЩ˼סš
ۡ
Ӷƺһ˸˳ǹѳǰսʿͳͳЩսʿ£Ϻ˲ǰսߵλãԶķٴν˹
ڻˣĵطҶۼԶϣԶսˡ
鸡ˣ䵽ҶεǰȻԼɴȥһſʵݣϡԿӰӡ
ʲôˣҶʵ
Ǻǣѵ㻹ǵ֣ҾĸǧĮҶΣôжԸŰѵԼʱãҶΣеһжƿУͱĻˣ
ǧĮЦЩŤҶε˵һЩȮˣòҳ֡ǧĮǺôôҵĴˣˣҲҪעҲҪȴʱ䡣鷳˰
ǧĮɫȻһҶΣô֪ҵĵϸģЩҵĵϵӵܣ֪Ҳ࣬Īҵͽ͸¶ģ
ҶаЦôܹǧĮԼ֪һУҵһЩĻأ
֪Ķ󲻵ġǧĮΪռһǲǣʵϣһеĻ־һǲǣɵңܱ˳𣬶һºܴĹͣһðҶγ˵
ǧĮϸֳһĨɫ˵ҶΣǿǿҶûа㡣ǣǿѪҪϧһд۰£Ҳ룬һԲеֻ͸ɵô


1403 
ѾӽҶõ󷨸ԶʵкΧ֮ŵ϶ԳеԶչ˲ϵĹ
Щһ֪ҶõĴһ뵽УϾͱԻ󣬱Զսʿɱ
ǧĮһ˵һȺҰˣŹ硣һٻ͸Ūò֪룬Ƕۣ
ҶЦǧĮûȻȻܹóҲµİٻ󡣼Ȼ֪ʲô󷨣ԾͰһ°ǿһϵİ
ǺǣǺúһ£ڰָԽҲ٣ʱʡ¶ˡǧĮƺŵͲ෴ģǧĮڿĳ
ҶԺȻһЩеèˡ
⻰Ҷͷһһ͹˲żüõˣڣ֣⻹ЩѰˡ
ȻҶʶһ⣬ǾĻӣӦһĵϵӣǵĵǼӵġ
Զֵ˻ӵĵǵĿľпɱڣѴԶȫɱһܹʵǵĿġ
©һʧ˿ԶܵȵӵҪڻӵ֮ǰ
ҶףΪʲôԼЩĸоô⣬һԭǱ֯ôӴһԼ
ҶȻ޷ʱͿ͸һеıɳɵĶδ֪ΣյĸӦԳܵǿҷӦ
ЩҶεкâ֣ڣҪʱ䣬ԶӮһ˵ʱ䣬ȵӵЩһľӢԶҪƱȵ죡
ʱ˷ıըͣҶ˳ȥְٻ̳죬һҽд﷢
ҶΣΪƾŰٻǾûа취ˣ󷨴ʦʦЩǶ֪ЩֶΣǲȡȫӦԣղ֮û֣һʵڣԶҪ۵ʱˡ
Ҷ˲ˣֵУ϶оͨ󷨵Ĵʦģովء
ŵĵһʱΪƿԶŵģԷص󷨴ʦѰٻˡ
ˣӦҶǸϤ˼ҶεߣҶһʱ벻˭
ٻƽ⣬ŵսʿ˷ĦĽΣ壬սʿɻεķУ󷨸սʿ
սʿӵԶսʿվ³ٵָЭս֯ܣصõˮ¶Ųô޷ͻԶսʿͰ
ռݾƵսʿǵûг忪սʿķߣһδεĳвʧ֡
ԽԽ࣬սʿĶ־𽥼ҳԽԽСˡ
ʱУȻһ˷ɵ˰յУһ˰Լȫ¶ϰ
ʿ֮ԣ˵Ĵ˵ؿڴâЩâգۼԡսʿϡ
ʱһսʿȻαǣ˸ŽӲӵĹâһɽӵƴǵ϶Ȼͷų
ү
û뵽нӻĿүȻ
Ҷο֪үʿ֮Եġͼǣʿ֮Բöӵһ㷭̣
ԡʿ֮Եսʿһӣÿһսʿ屶սٴγսʿʱǵֵɾЩмܲסˡ
ΧĶ֣ԡʿ֮ԵսʿײøվסŸˣǰһ߳⣬һϵȫ˻ҵ״̬
һգ۵ʱ䣬սʿ˺˷ߣսʿУʼսʿչĹ
ִ֮УսʿֻܷĹתǵԵˡһսʿΪļ幥սͱ˵ԡʿ֮Եĵǰսʵ̫Զ
ҶҲ˲ǰǧĮˣϽսŵϷȵţĦﵯûţںĲսжУתɢ£˳ɢֵܣҪ
ͣǾģĦһϾ֯˺֣γĸսСӣĸսСӲûֱɱȥбԱ˴ΪӦ㣬תȦӡ
תĹУĸսСӶɢĶѸصսСӵУĸСӵڲһγһתĹȦӡ
սʿʧ˼ˣγŶսģʽսʿȻ˵Ĺǿˣȴ뵽˵սľС
ɺӵһǣսʿĵս̫ǿˣսʿγŶӵĺÿɱһսʿҪ൱Ŭ


1404 Сǿջ
еĿүڰתҶΣǲһϣڶ˼ζ
ӦҶˣ½һѾЩˣû뵽һ½֮ˣȻֵܰüȮ
ſүڰжȻͻأ˼Ӱ⼸ӰͺƾճֵһûκεĹ켣¼ġ
ҶλһۣЩȻʱǷʲôȷǣЩֵʵǳ֮ߡ
үڣмǿбʵһţƤǿбߵˣܹﵽǿսʿĿֲΪ硣
ͷѪˣҪϲﳹ׽Լĸ󻼣
ǣֺͣӿнٶȣ
ҶκͿгֵЩ˶ŵʱ򣬵սŵսѾ뵽˰Ȼ״̬
Ħսʿźӿ˽±ܵٶȡһսʿǵٶһܹٶһ棬ΪٵܶʹÿһΪսսʿǰͺƾն˶һ
սʿĸĳǿսԶսʿĲϳ£һˮһɱ
ԡʿ֮ԵսʿۿɼٶȳƬ¡
ү˵ҶΣͳϺһû뵽ԡʿ֮ԵҲ˸仨ˮӣĲҲĲٰϲµĲӼᣬ֪Ĳ۹ֶ̼ð
ҶĵҲԶսʿĸʵŶ϶չֳ˲׵ʵһ㣬̫ˡ
ôʱսȻƴɵ˻ʣʮµĲӣԶ˵ʵ̫Ӵˡ
ﵯʵʩڶ׷ҶκȻȵ
࣡
ԶеΧһȻЩڰжȻ໥ӣγһ޴ĹְԶսʿģ
ǧĮȻʲôȻСǿջ󷨣ҶΣ㣬ô󷨣
ʵϣС커󷨷ǳӣΪЧµǿ֮Ҫÿһ󷨻ʯڷŵȺ˳򣬱˴˼ļϸĹ涨
һֱŸС커汾
Ϊкϵĸֿʵ̫ˣҲδؾܹڵóԣ֪ٵ󷨴ʦСǿջͽ̾κΡ
оͰǧĮŻҶֳϵޱȣ
ϣŶԶĹڼڳСǿջʱǸ޷󷨵ĹâӻΪսʿѹǰսʿҵĽкܶսʿˣ
ǧĮɫԱ΢΢һ쳣͵ԱĬĬվ΢΢һ˵ϣǧϣҪ鷳ˡ
ϼһûһƤûգһ¡
ǧĮ˿Ϊ裬תЦȻ˫һ𣬶ʱؿڷɳ
ҶͷǧĮһ֣ۿɳϴһȭ
ȻҶεȭͷʱȻоһ΢һֻɿͬһִ
ֻֿȥ͸Ƥͷûʲôֻȴ̺ɽҶҲִֻƫˡ
ףż˵ɻֵֻҲǾﲻѡ
ǸղűǧĮΪϵǸϼһǰߵ㣬һǰ֮ĸ䣬ϼһﲻܴôݵ·Ե쳣ΪһҲûж⡣
ȻϼһﱻҶεˡ
Ҷͬޱȣû뵽͵ϼһʵҶεֺϼһִһ𣬶ҪסԷ
Ͼ֮£ҶռϷ磬ҶһŤ첲Ҫץסϼһĸ첲ʱϼһͻȻ֣һưҶ˲˾롣
ҶΰϼһľҲûʱȥȻǰܣ˲׷
âȭҶһȣ˫ȭ֮ڶžǺı
Ҷ̺нԪؼܵȭ֮£ȻȫƬ
ǧĮôҲû뵽ڻϵİ£ҶξȻܹ͵İԼĳƬ
Ҫ֪ǿĳҵ֮ȴҶμҰķʽ±ݻٵ޸Ŀܶûˡ
뵽ǧĮ˫Ŀ࣬ҪҶƴ
ˣ㲻Ķ֣ŹսϵϹž޲˵Ļȴǲɵġ
ǧתҶεҶΣǧǱɱİɣǧҵôɱôϵıѪծҪһˡ
ҶοһǧЦѪծģҪֹģַУһˣҸطԵƫƫԼҲԹˡ
ǧҲûжŭɨҶһۣĿתСǿջɭȻ˵룬½ʱӦüʶǧĳɣ


1405 ָ
⻰Ҷ˹ģǸʱھԴУòҵһܹǧ쵥ʱ򣬱ܹǧɵġ
Ϊǧĳâǵûռˣâ˴
ٺ٣Сǿջ󣬹ȻǴֱʣҪûϷҵ͸޷ƽˡ
ǧϷ·һ˵ţȻһ֣ƣСǿջһ¡
Ҷδ󺧣ҪȥȴеһȺһظסȥ·
ͼǧϵϣǧâ˸˲ͰСǿջסˡ
֨֨¸µڶСǿջâϱѹ¡¡ľ죬Сǿջգۼͱˣ
СǿջսʿĴâƻУʱһ̱ڵأʹš
ζǰƷҶ֪ڶʱڣսʿǻ᲻ս
ϼһҵ󷨺ǲǣâѾʹˣڿ㻹ʲô±ԼҶҧгݣǧϾͳ˹ȥ
ҶγǧʵϾۿƶΣϾϷȥ
ҶΣû뵽㻹ôƻ֪ʹ˶ٻˣɻܹϵ
үԴзȨģҲܹעҶβϱ仯˼·ġۼҶη˵棬ңңҶΣһָҶΡ
ǹؾȵһУĿҲΪ˾˵ҶΣֹҶεжֻҪҶβȥϵսʿôǻָ֮ǰսʿܰЩ롣
ʣµҲͲΪˣϵĲˣͿȫɱҶˡ
һâӿүָϼâżٵƿҶεĺ󱳡Ҷβҵ΢΢һƫ˿үָâϮ
ɾһ֮ʣҶηƮ뷨ͳˡڰյЩ֣ץס̶̵һ˲䣬Ҷγ˰ԲΧ£׺͵ĲӸ뿪
Ǳ߻סǧϣǵסҶηе·ߡ
ڵϣչɱսʿûлֵһսʿɱ¾ºʬɳ
ҶȻԼұϡ
׵â
ҶεŭǧâЮƵĵâұϼ׵ĺ쳹һŵâܼ꣬Ҷε˷˹ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ɫⲨһû೤ʱ䣬ӴӴĽڶͨͨһ죬еЩȫ˵ϡ
⽻ֵһ˲䣬ŵѾɱǧ֮ޡսʿһ޵ֿıո
ҶҲ˲ȥʰڵЩ֣һ˼ҪԼսʿ
裡
ҶҪսʿʱ򣬻Ǳ߲ûбҶ˵ϼһգҶεĲλ򣬴һι
һиֳ˳ƬĻ棬Щһֻ޴ĻˣһҶεĲλ˹
ҶҲˣԾЩƶıɼƻõ沿ȻҶ޷ע¶չҵĹ
£ҶһҪչ˵沿ӣһЩ˻ƴȻǴھƵ
ϼһȻ棬Ǿģ
䣬գۼгһƬ𺣸Ļ滥ɣڻ𺣵УһԶźİľһֱ˶ͷڵĻɳ
޴ͷŴ˷ȥΧĿռȻҶžһ˺ѿռľ졣
¡¡
ͷͻ˺ݺݶײһڰͷų˾޴߱Ļ𻨣ǲǿĳȴγһ쫷磬˷ӳȥ
սʿսʿ쫷սʿõ㣬Ϊſڵϵģ쫷εǷ˼塣
սʿ͵ùˣȫվ壬Ͼͱǿ쫷ߣʱڵϿԿһȺȺսʿеİҶһҡҷ
ҶһڵܣԼѪеıѪںȻĬĬеļܡԪָ
ָ
ҶϽƣƵĽУһƵıɫڼ䡣
ϵսʿѾˣȻоԼ屻Ľǣ͵ζͺͯ걻ĸװһĸо
˾ľǣڽ֮Уǹɵıɫһֻϵƺ˲䣬͸оԼѪڷڣͺǸĿ⣬Ķ٣û˻κ
ϵĴգۼ͸ˣϵоҲûˣĵһȫõ䣬ڣеսʿȫоģһѪݵĸоǳսĿ
ֵǣǵĴ˧ܸ·Χ£չ˵ǣѵϴ˧ȵô
ĦоսؿһҪйΧսʿ
ܣҪսҪɱ¾ˣҪΪȥĵǱ𣡡


1406 󷴻
һսʿŭȻѾֻʣǧˣǴǵľòУ˭˶Ҫ
սʿŭĦսԶԶϳŷһָǣҳ尡
ɱɱɱսʿĦ˷ӵš
飬֧ӼҵײһǵսʿȻ٣ǳǳ֮ǿҶ־Ǳ
ҶʹõĴָУ˱Ѫ꣬ǰһѪ衣
սʿĶ־֧£Ҷβսʿʱ򣬼޵һĴڣ
սʿһŵ£ҪǺϲϲѹסţƾ֮ǰսʿͱˡ
ҶθսʿʩչָʱЩ׵âеĸҲ׷״ӵָ˸ָ֪
ٺ٣ҶΣû뵽ô̵ʱڣȻĽģ֪㻹жԵð
үҶǷǳɵģ˵⻰ʱȻʮֵȻҶεľȴǱʮϣҶԶһ
Ҷ΢΢ЦүҲص缸ղҲ뵽ƱڸֵСʣҵǲģɵǴ´ˡ
ʵԪؼܵĴУҶεľѾǲСˣʹ׵âͻĵ˺ܶ
ָģĻҪ˵ҶһӰûУ˵Ӱ΢ûеġ
Ҷε⻰ÿүȻ򣬴½ʱڵڵҶΣһֲΪÿүѾЩˡ
ǧĮƮǰ˵ҶΣҲӲˣ͸ղʩչĻָĵǺģ˵ʵڵģʵûһǲģǣǵı֮صĵˣ㲡ҪҲǺӦ顣
Ҷ΢Цʲôʱʤ֮ģͱ˵ЩûʵĻˡǧĮȻѾˣѵҪ㲻ȡΣ
һ仰ǧĮ˸ǧĮԼ²ûдҪȥһҶΣеβ
ղҶεıʵ̫ˣɲұԼһͷ᲻ỹȫˡ
ǧ
ЩҲû뵽Ҷ޺ǰ£ûѡǷѣ
ҶεĴ𣬴Ҷε˫ϷɳһƥĹâЩƥһĹâڰһһ˹ȥ
ιԪؼܵĸ壡ǧСģϵǼʶ㣬һۿҶεֶΣϽѡ
ǾлϵѣЩ˸޷ǧԪؼܣÿһصĹܵġ
ľԪؼܣ˶ԷһܡľܵȻʲߣҲص㣬ǾܷǳǿûмٵֶΣͱܲľ
˵ιȻǿ죬ҲȲǧٶȣʱ䣬˻Ϻǧ֮⣬ȫǧס
סˣϸо˻ľʹ̺עʼսϵĳļ̣ÿ˵嵱С
һĲҺ˵﷢ɲЩ˵־ǿΪ˴ʹʵ̫ǿˡ
ϴŭٵߵһߣһĳʱһŻסˣϵϻΪҽ
ûˣϵȻը˸ըòᣬ϶ܵ˲
ڻһٵʱ׷ŻϵȻȻͲס˻ϡ

ҲûϢĽ˳ȴǻһϸֳŻ棬ϵյ
ϣȥǵ˽⿪סһ
ǧ˵ţһΣҶεǰɡ
ٺٺ٣еˣʱѵŷôˮգ
ҶΰղˮԪؼܽϳµзˮյľھˮܰѵˮԪݵ֮УҶǿղͻأÿһط
ʱյУһƬˮԪݵظ˳
ƶ壬ߵһˣȴȻоԼͺޱߵнһ
ǣҶȴͬһһ˵ߣâȭӳʱ˵ͷ򱬣˶ʱһ䵽˵档
ҶΣס֣ҪٸҾ͡
ûȻ˵꣬Ҷεһֳһ˵ߣЦסֵĻ
˵ţҶٴλȭͷ˵Դ򱬣һ䵱
ǧϼҪϣͱˣӦˮԪؼܵݵؼܣݴУеĻҪƣ취ȻǾȫҪˣ
䣬֮ڶҶգۼͰʮ˸ɵˡ
Ҷղٴʹ˿үߣЦүǻԵ½һҿʱ㰡֪ûͬа


1407 ŭ׭
һʱ䣬ү͸оԼϵëȫſһ㣬ˮ˳źëײҪǮһӿ
Ҷε˿үͷɭɭ˵ǵ½ʬɽѪôǵ伫ô죬Ҫģ죬֮ǰ
ǲһҶŤүһͷѾҶθŤˡ
ǧĮʱɸҪ֪˻Ϻǧ֮⣬ʣԼһˡ֪ʱҶιȰθߡ
Ҷһ£ǧĮԴѪ
ڴʱǧֱһӣâ
һâǧϵֱĴӣ֮ˮԪݵأڱһˮһɢˮԪݵأƽˣ
ϺǧһۣӶԷп˾ɫ໥ͷ˵ȣѾ߹֪ߵزˣû뵽ǰ͹ˡѾôˣҲûȥˡ
ǧϵȻЦûղ˵Ķԣ죬ҪģǼȻΪ͹ۣǾǵɡ
˵ţϺǧȻ徫ʢҫ۵Ĺâҹնȫˡ
ҶΣ̫ǿˣڰϣǵļ˵ǺƽٰĴڣȡֵˣ裡
䣬ϵȻѣĻ棬Ļգۼ仯һֻСɽСӴˣһ쳹صֻҶ
â
ǧϵĻһ䣬һըǧϵûĽâȫ˽ȥ
ʥնҶβҴ⣬ǿбԱɲġҶΰ̺ŷ缼ܣƼܺʥնһĴи˳
޴Ļҷײ֮ɽʯɽľɻң
ȻŨصУһ޼᲻ݵһնȴǺ׼ȷҵ˾޴Ļˡֻ˵ıݺһն£
ʱ޴Ļ˱ɽĻ𻨣Ũصб쫷紵ò֪ա
Ҷηջʥ飬еһִδйƣ
ǿĵǷɻ
Ϣ˺ܾãҶβΣ뵽սеսʿȥ
Զĵǰ˿·磡ȻսһǧˣֻʣǧˣǵĴ۸ǧʬսʿҡ
ͳ˧ӿзսʿʶͳ˧ѾЩ˶ˣʱʿ񣬺ɱ죬ɱ¾ľͷˡ
սʿڵֵסʼ糱ˮһˣ
սʿ׷ϣȴҶθֹסˣ
һˣû뵽ʣǧˣʧģɶǵľӢҶθеһʹ
ʣµģǾѪľӢеľӢǵõ˶ΪⳡΰĹʱǵδЩ˵ϣ
ҶĦһ²ӣȻеսʿȫռ񣬴Щսʿȫ˴ͷòԱ׭˹ȥ
ܿ죬ͷ͵׭оӪҶδǧԶսʿҲŽֱͨӾʹҡ߽оʡ
׭Ҷɱڽɵóһæ䱸ʵҶΣҪʲô
ҶЦҪʲôɣҷӰ㶼˰ɣ˧׭㵽Ҫʲô
׭ߵĽΧ׭ǰȫ˱ԶսʿҲʾһΧҶߣΧŭĿӡ
׭ɵüͷ֪ҶοǰӰϷеͨЩӰϣҶóۣǾͳ˧һЩֶΰԶ
뵽׭ҶЦҶԶϲ˵ΪºպսΪ˱Զ£Ѿزϣһνġ
˵׭ɫһ˵⣬ԶɱеʱЩҪϧһд۸ԶṩĽ죬⣬ûоְ𣬶Ľ죬˧ҲһϳͲ
˵ţ׭һֵѽԷץ͵һ͵ǰһҪúóһ£Чȣ
׭ıݣҶ˵ᷳߣ׭ô´ﶼҵɵӣѪˣҲˡҪֵǻˡ׭ţǧֵܵҳҪֻģ
˵꣬ҶһתͷҲؾʹ뿪оʡǵ˴ͷ˷Ƿȥ


1408 ʯ
Ҷǽϵʱ򣬵ѾۼˣЦݣǻ죬ΪľǾӴһʤ̡
һôҪʤ̣˵ȴҪġΪ߲ʿôһʤ̣Ǳķģʿ
ֻҶεĻеۣһʤǲʧе󡣿ԭʿȴֻʣô࣬ɵ̾Ϣ
Ψһֵҵǣʣµʿһĺ֣һǾսϴˡǣΪǵĸ
ԶһӰٵ˳ǻ𲮡
ֱߵҶߣӭǵӢۣ
ʱȺˣҽţ˵˷ܡ
ҶЦݣȴǼ𲮸һҶжʱһ㶣׻лҪ˵ˣһǷǳҪ顣ҪȻҲûбҪֹؼʱԼ
ҶͬЦɣתһƣĽʿֵǣѪǵϢʱˣúϢɣʤǵģ
𣡺𣡺𣡡
ڽʿһŭ𣬽űɵ뿪ˡ
ᣬҶ𲮵֮С
ģһԵĻһѽҶһķ֮Уڷڲһ󷨡
ҶüͷһšĻҪذ
ǣҶοڵ˵𲮣ʲôˣ
һĴȣ̾Ϣ˵鷳ˣϵˣϵˡ
ǵĴڣǵ
ʲô𣿡Ҷ˼˰Σǿʵǲɱ⡣
ҡҡͷϢǽոմݻģֻļ֪ӰˣɲҪ鷳
𲮣Ǳߣʲô뷨𣿡Ҷ۾΢΢˸뷨任ϡ
һޱȵؿһҶΣ˵ǵҪ˵ἫΪ
ǵͷһãǾ鷳ˡҶӦһ˵ûġ
𲮣أȥҶβɵ˵
ֱӰڰ֣ᶨصУԲУδϣʲô飬¾ߵͷˣԣȥɡ
𲮣е̫С˰ɣҶεһЦ
˼һһĿضҶε۾ʵСҶʵػشңзӰȫأ
ȻҶλԼ㶪ȻˣҲзӸҶһЦϵѾ˱仯һޱŵϢ¶˳
ҲͲٶ˵ʲôˣͷ˵ðɣȻˣСļСİɡ⣬ҹѾĳ󷨸ˣʱҪСİ
Ҷεͷ𲮣İɣСҵĸˡ
ãã֪һˣ㵽ʱķʲôĻ⻰˵ڵƺ֮⡣
Ҷεͷ˵İɣܹ㶨飬ҾͻԼȥеĻǾֻܷսˣ
ս
һڣ𲮾;Լ䡣
սǼΪµ飬һսıˣֽˡ
Ѿѵ壬ǷܹܵסսѾΪһ²ˡ
ȻҶβȥ²⣬Ϊ֪ڵĵطͲ֣ҲҪˡ
㻹СΪϰɡˣȥһ£ǳȥɡڶԷ϶뵽ջˡôһʱܹ㹻ʱ̽ˡۺӣ˵
ҶδӦȷ㣬粻ɲûڵȴʧӰ١
ڻߵʱҶ˷һЩ֮󣬲ۼؽһλӭ
ĩˣҶλԼ򣬿ҪչһΪʣµû𲮵ʲôҪ飬ͨѶӡ
֮Ҷλıչȥˡ
Ҷζû뵽ԼȻܹô򵥵ľͺŪȥÿһھս֮󣬶һЩд͸ÿ˶ܻ顣
Щ˿ʼҶεҪʲôǲˣҪĵ뿪
ɵǷҶ׳˶ޱȣϢȶ೤˵սϸݺ޵Уŷ
ҶԱչصʧǰ
֮УҶһС͵Ĵֱʧ


1409 ǲع
⻪һҶγھĴ͵ϣΧ⸽һ͵㱻֮Żǿ
֮Ҷεڳһ˶ǡ
ǿŰҶκȻʲôͷ
ϸضŴ˰죬ҶλȻǵȷ̫ˣط·һ˶ûС
Ϊǵǣǵķ˽֪Ϣʱ䣬Ҳܻ㰲ϾҶȳ˵Ҫ̽һʵ̫ˡ
ҶֻҪ۾ȥöȥЩϸ΢Ĳ޷룬ʶײҶãϾ˭֪ΧǲǱΪ󷨣ר̽ʶ
ðɣȻҪ棬ҶξǺúõ棡ܱQʲô̶ȣҶЦһ֮еӰȻ٣ֱǡ
ǵΧϡҶεĴҲмĺô
ҶεʶȻûдͷųȥһֱдʲôͻȻ顣
ģҶεȻͣסһЦ˵ǺôֱʰȻһ͵󷨣ǶĿȴǸϢݣߣðð
ȷһеʱҶζҲЩˣ˵ǵ˿ܻûȫûҪȻԷҲòˡ
Ҷε֮УֻҪ˻ţǾͺ˵
Ҷλ֣󷨣һĪĲɢ뵽֮С
ʱҶεǰһܹһͨĶڡм仹ЩĹӣ󷨵Ȼڣ֤ͿԱⱻ˷֣Ѿǡ
࣡ҪϾɱ𣿡Ҷκ޵Ҳûʲô취Ʊǿֻڰˡ
һҶƽס飬ٵؽ䵽˵ϡȽĵطǵһ㸽ȺܼȻʲôĺõط
̫࣬úݵĻ֮ǰһڲϢĴ󽭣ȴǳһСϪˮжɡ
شӽ˳Ҷҡһ䣬ѾһͨˣֶȺУôע⵽ͨˡ
ֵ˶ڹǵоֹȴһ˿ľګһ˿оϢ
ѵ˵˶סˣ
һʣҶεڶ޷͸ǾΪϢĽͷβȻûһ̸顣
ôˣЩ˴¸иҵĶУ˵ôˣѾӰ쵽ǵЩˡ
üͷһҶҲҹˣֱ˼ҵȥװʱϰһ仰ϰ壬˵˱ɱ˲ٰ
ɱ˲٣ɱĻϰֱӿ˵Ǽƺʲôޡ
ҶŤͷϰһۣȴǰϰòͬˣǵЦݼΪ죬˫۷죬ħһ㡣
ŶΪʲôɱĻҶ΢΢üʶɢΧĽֵȫһ¡
ϰȻЦӶ˵Ϊʲô㾹ȻΪʲôȻΪ㰡
ңǺǣǾ͵ÿûˡҶεһЦһ㾪ŵɫûС
ϰͷ˫ͷһ٣һεĲɢֱӽͷ¥Ʒˡ
һ㣬ҶΣǶ˵㲻Ҿ֪һҪǱΪ㣬ʴȺųϰЦ˵Ѿڿն
ʱҶѾȷˣֵЩľȺѾʧӰ٣·ûдڹ
ǴֱʰһΪһ򵥵ĸ󷨣û뵽ȻĵҶҡҡͷǿɬ
΢΢һҶΰεضϰͬߡ
Ҷ۾һ˵˵ɣ˭ҲɱС䡣
ϰӰθ֮һҲΪعۣʬˡ
ҪҵʬǺǣڵʵġҶβмҡͷ˵ڲع巢仯ʱѾԷֻǸѡ
һҵ鷳ⲻǿЦʲô
ΪǹʱĴ𣡣
ҶΣ˶˵ǳȴܱǷǳȻ˵ô໰㲻е˷ʱ
ģعۿ˵ҶεĶκͲм
ˣ
Ҷɫһ䣬ʶӿֱ̽ͷϱȥ
²һѾĳصĶסˣҴǲסĶԲ򵥡
󷨣ܹסң㲻֪ʲô𣿡ҶοʼսˣڵϢ̫٣ҪӶԷ׳һЩ
ع΢΢ҡͷеķԽԣҶΣǵС˼ù𣿲ҲҪҿԷǳֱӵظ㣬ѾҲع۴󽫾ıסˡ
󽫾
ҶζʱȻѹһİôأԭµĴ󽫾
ع̾ϢһҶΣ㻹ǳɣʵͦģֻҪԸһĹұٻ󣡡


1410 屦
ˣֻվûйϰߣ㣬ԸͶұ֤᲻ɱ㣡
ҼȻҸ˵ҲͲ֪ԣҪ뿪ǾץʱɣõȥʱѾûлˡŶӦûлŵˡعЦ˵˵֮ǲЦ
ҶεɫòǲعЦԽˡ
ҶΣôķݶϣҾٸһϢɡҪƹ屦ĻֻʱعЦе˵
ģعһ㶣ͬǸոշӦһ㣬˵ѽʵǲ˼㿴ԣˡʱأǴ뵽󷨣屦ʱ򣬾Ϳʼˡ㣬㻹ʱɣʱ
ʱûжϢ屦ⲻڿЦɣ
ҶοЦһھ֪Ϣһʱ⣬һ屦㡭Ͼкܶ˶ϲ״ķѹķ˵һļӳЧҶοǸЦ
ˣҾҲ̫żϾΪţҪͻҵ屦Ƿַӵ飿˵𣿡عۼƺԳżΪȤ
ҶʱѾƽһ߷ǰƣһߵͷ屦Ƿַӵ顣ˣûôˣԹˡ
һ⻰ع۵ıһӲɫҶεѾû˳һŨŨɱ⣺СӣϣȻỹЦ㣬군ˣӣֻ·һ
ķϻ࣬׻򲻴򣿡ҶƲƲͣм˵
ع۱˸ᣬһһ㻯һ⣬ֱȥ
ðɣվҪҿ屦ʲôĵطҶһ˫ƽˮȻѾĵ׵ǹӼѹȥ
¡¡
زϢն޴𶯵ز
ҶεͷһƣԭվСѾѣһɫ⻪·ʲôڵ
ߣСҶβмغһ϶Ե˵ӣǲٵġ
ܿ죬һⶥ֣űһͬһٵš
ʶһ̽Ҷεɫʱˣ屦ϵϢΪΣóȻֵĻ»ܵǿķɡ
عۣǺȻܹķǼʶҶΣҲ̲סظп
ⷨǳбȽĴڣӦû߳١
ʱ屦ѾȫչҶεǰ̻Իͣâ䣬ȴûзʲôϢ·һشš
Ҷλؽڵأͷ屦йž
ҶΣʱѾˣ㻹ûʶԼ״Ӷȥˡع֪ǴߴҶץȥ
Ҷһֵĵط˫ĿȻ屦ϣ˰Σſ˵֪ʲôʺˣȱ°ɣ
䣬ҶһѾ뵽屦֮С
žž
ߣһӰ֣ǲعۡ
̫ˣ׳վȻĽȥˣǴ󰡣ع̲סֽкãԼԼ̳Ⱥƭ˵ˮƽѰˡ
ʵ֪Ҷĺܣ屦ǱҪȥģΪⶫǸۣҪȥֻܴڲ߽⡣ҪƳĻ۳ɹҲ޷ְ
ԣСӵϢôܲˣܰ屦ûܹӵùҵ˫ۣعϢһ٣űצ̽·ĳֶΡ
ܿ죬ع֣ɫȻЩ԰ףţⲻӦãⲻӦðҶεϢôʧأ
ӦãʲôӦõģ
ģһӲع۵
ûȲعһֻƴԽ˲ع۵ؿڣȻӶˡ
ߣǲҶεӰ֣ǵЦ޷Ρ
ղֻһ۷عƭȥȻ󷨰Լȫ˰ˡ
ΪıǿعǷԼ͸¶ЩϢһɲܹعնɱô˵ҲǸѡ
ѽѽѽ֮Уع۵ٴδǸߴӰֳ
쵰쵰ȻƭңȻˣУع۱ŭޱȣûоԼ㲻ãڵȷˣˣĺܲҡ
ҶһЦôԼ̺ܸ˵ʵԸ㣬Сһ
ߣҪûнȥҾûа취ˣع˫趯һɫ⻪˫˷俪
ҶȴһĬĬؿţԼ϶Ƕܲá˷ߣǲ취һνˡ
ԶһγɵγɣعЦһһ
ҶΣȻ㲻ԸȥǾȥɣع۴ٵм£


1411 ս
СҶΰֱͶ屦֮С
Ҷ˫΢΢ţ⻪˸ûܵ˿Ӱ졣
ˣ
΢زҶν²ʵˣ۾š
屦ڲûʲôܾ֮Ǻ޵׶Ψмһϵ¥ݣ⵹ͬ
¥ݱԵһӰţʹԴͬһߵ
Ҷλһ²ӣؿһιװˣʱޣ㡣
ȻǿܵӰ΢΢һűȻվŭ
ռ䶼ط·Ҫ̮ˡ
ҶζһƣüһȻǸ塣
ѹ֣ѹһͻ׳˶ԭŴߡ
㣡źȴûż
ҶͷЦ˵ããͿҰɣ
Ȼѣȴûа˼
⸱龰Ҷ̧ǰһЦǲһûн뷶ΧͲܷŹҧ˰

֮󣬺ȻĬˣֻ˫â˸һɾ˵Ϣš
꣡
Ҷνµһ˲䣬һ˾Ȼ˲Իˡ
Ȼ˰
ҶβŲæصȴű١
ǲع۴󽫾µĸ󣬽ձؽնɱ㣡ֱӺһɤӣűǺֱײ
Ҷ˫ȭȻôһţ˵һŵͺһɣ
һɫ⻪ڸ֣ؽҶε帲Ԫأ壡
¡
һҶεڴֱ뵽Ҷεϡ֮Ҷε徹ȻֱӰθһͷļԽʵˡ
Ԫĸоȷˬ찡ѾþûʹĸоˣҶͬһಲ׳ȴԼĶֲɱָоѪҺ׵ط
ããӻΪǸû뵽㻹ֶΣǾǱȱ˭ǿɣֻҪܴӮӣӾ͸·˵ǼѾȲˡ
ȻҶεĽԪҲǼΪȤģҪһὫҶնɱ֮ȡֶΣʵȻиߵ
ɣѾȲˣӴţǿ׳ҪըˣҶﻹأֱӳ˹ȥ
ҽɤӣҲٴγϣ˸ŵ̰
أ
ٴײһһξȻ˫գʼȽˡ
֨֨
˵ƷԵ죬Ȼ˸൱
ҶγűȻһЦеȻһա
һ㶣뵽Ҷʲô˼ôһĹҶ·ֱӽ˱
񫣬ӾİɣҶһЦһ
б㲻ɣһɤӳֱһȭͷ
ҶҲ˸ֳȭͬĴ
أأ
˵ȭͷ˶ԷؿϣǳƵͬ׹һ㡣
ҶֻѪҺ˲ͣһ£ƺٶЩɵðԸ̾ȷǾˡ
ͬòȥ˫۵ɴ󣬺شϢţͬԾҶε
㵽ʲôֶΣȻôǿ壡ƽһȭܰˣصҶΣڵʶֻ֮ĳЩܹӵǿ壬ȻҲǿ
ҶεһЦܲɺϵģѪ
Ѫ
Ҫˣʲôʲôһ޶嶼һη壬Ͼǿļ´һ㻹ûмȺܹˡ
ǰҶƫƫѪⲻڿЦһĲ߻õı
ȻıҲ⣬Ϊ֮ǰҪһˣϧôһֱûʲôᡣ
ڻǰɲ˷ˡ
СӣѪ˫۵ɵøӴˣ·ǿʳҰǡ
ҶΪԷˣϵϢһϢУǿչ֣㽫Էѹһ¡
˭룬һﾹȻ΢΢һӣͽˣſˮ壡ȻѪ̫ˣ̫ˣֻҪԵҾӵѪˣҽǿĴڣ
Ե
ҶκȻˣ֪һﵽʲôˡ
ѹֱϻвͬϢأԭһ֮зǳһ塪壡
ǳأǳʱǳСС棬Ҫάǳ֮ڼڵ嶼ǳСܹɵ뵽ߣ˼ҵߴسԣѪ壬Ȼһ̬֡
˭Ѫͻ˭ģֻǱòôȫһЩ
˵һεɣǱлеڶΣΣεɡ


1412 ʹ
ÿһɣܹøǿڴ˵лһλĴܣ綼𶯲ѣɳһʮλϵĶ飬ʱ˽꣬Žնɱ
㾹Ȼ֪ǿ壬ҲһˣôҶҪˣѪôһֱûѪ벻ȻôáѪ˷ܵ˵ţ˵˵ˮ
ҶεҡͷҰ޾Ұޣʹմ˵˵ıԵҲ޷ıԡ
໡
쳤Хǿģֱ﷢
ãܺãҾҪ񱩣ٺ١ҶаЦıóѣ
ɱɱɱԣԣԣ˫Ѿɴ˼ޣɺӽضҶΣ˶һ˼̵ͷ˳ϵſˮ
Ҷβɵñĵˣδе̫Խ˰ɣ
顭
汻ݺݵز̤ţһСɽ񱩵ײ
ɹŭߵҶһЦҲӲֱԱһһıĺ׶
ž
ҶεƾҪ˲䣬Ǻ׶ϵëȻ˲վӲë̡
ҶһȥȻЩë̸жһټϱļû¶
ŭյı󲻶ϵճҶΣ˫ȭ˫ţÿһطΪؽš
Ҷһһ˵壬һжڣ
ȭһգҶȻ׼ݵڱ䡣
أ
һֽײֽʸҶ˵ˬо
䱻޴Уֻûһ٣·𱻿סߴĶߣж޷ȫʩչ
һģصˤڵأ֮ȻֱһվԸӿ񱩵״̬Ҷα
ŰĴ࣬Ŀ״̬ЧȻ࣬ۿžҪʧȥˡ
Ҷüͷһšæϣ籩ع˳
䣡
飡
󱻴øûлֵȴƾĳǿᣬӲظ
ôǲǾҺ侲û屩ߺһֱ񱩣԰ɣˣ·ǻһһ㡣
֮䣬͸¶һӰԸһ֮˶ҷ۵ĸо
оƺеϤ
عۣҶЦ˵һ˵ʽǸعۣ˭
΢΢ҡͷ˵ҿɲǲع۴󽫾Ҫвع۴󽫾ǻǾͺ˰׳գǵ˴ɸˣſҳ
һ˫ꣿҶεüͷšĸˣɲʲô
ܹһ꣬һܹ꣬ԲǼ򵥻ɫ
Ǻǣ벻С޻ͦģˣڸˣղ˰ɡ
󵭵˵ȻֱһôģȻ˰ųһΣȺǲа
ҪôȥҪôӸʱ䣡Ҷ˲䱩ˣ˵֮Ҳôֱ࣬ӿ
һΣҶֱӽͨԵ˳ǿˣһֻܿٽҪȻ֪õȶá
ʱһһؿʧҶεǼꡣ
ͨԵһ֣ǿ
뵽ҶλôֱӣһʱûжĹֱӱҶοһֻ첲
ʧһֻ첲˲ŭգٴαߵӡ
Ӹճͱﲻסˣ֣ӰɵȻغ֮ضǽͻҡ
Ӳ㣡Լ
׳գ׳հ

һڵ꣬Ȼʼˡ
ҶζʱߣֱͨԵ˹ȥﻹ۲ݵʱһȥ
꣡
һ˶Դ˲ڿն𣬴ѪҺš
Ҳİ׳գ㺦˰˵ٴֻȴûлˡ
ղͱϹڣҷϻĻҶҲҵֱӶˡϾǿ˾֪ģҶξǿҪѴ֮ʰ˶ԷҲôʵ
ڵôôúЦ
ղ˻һģˬ쵽ģȴҶһվ
Ǹոͣͷ­Ҷ΢΢ҡͷһҲǸӣʵû˵Ҷλͦһġ
尡ôԶ壬ֶ֪ܳٸ׿Խ֮ˣϣ岻Ҫ̫ˡҶ΢΢ҡͷ˵ʵҲе㲻ĵġϾûдǸࡣ
ȻѡһҲûа취ˡ
һҶҡҡͷǿĴҲû뵽ôɡ


1413 ٶ
Ҷλڸ̾ʱȻ䣬ԶǸ¥ݺȻӾҪʧӡ
ҲⶫɱĲ˰
ҶһΣ˵õ¥棬߼ȥ
һƽ̹棬Ҷεǰ
ҶͣתͷʱǸõ¥ݻľʧˣͬһȫʧˣոһУͺһĵһһ۾ʲôûˡ
ҶΣյģʲôûУһûκĿռһ
Ҷ䱸һ߼ŶԷһյĿռﻺߣͼصĴڡ
ҶθоԼıϱ᲻һ£һһȭʱҶξȷ֣Լ󱳷ϣӰûУ
ѵһŷ絨ҶξûôĿЦĿռ䡣
Ҷʱ侲վεûãҶĳǾԸκǰ¶棬ôţ죬ô¶
֪ţӦ֪÷罦ѪưɣǸǸԹůһЩůĸо
÷罦ѪŵǺţģôǲСкԼһԵޱȵ֣ʵνĽѪӦԼѪɣ
ҶλδЦ꣬Ȼоһ󾢷棬˲
ҶΣӦͦ
ˮգ
оûмļһٵĴڣҶ֪ʹñҲǺôֻǰװԼֱʹˮա
ʱĿռˮԪݵأκδˮԪݵ뵽һҶοƾղͻƣʱԼҪֵλá
ȻҶĿһĻˡҶǰɵλϣһӰ·óʮӰԼ£
ѵˮԪݵضһҲûӰô
ţӰѾ˽ǰҶοĿӰǸ꣬ȳƵ޿޵ģ۰׵ףµ٣Ψһвľüһа
ҶλδӦѾڽҶεǰһȭҶεؿڡ
ҶθϽʹóղӰһǰʧˡ
ǺǺǣҶΣû뵽Ҳּٵܷ
ԼĶ֣һϣҶûֵӣʱҶξӦʹղͲᰤЩȭˡ
ţҶκȻһӰٴԼ˹Ҷؿɲҵʩչղʮĵطһ˿ա
ҶЦιСӣղˣӰɣúõ󣬾ǳǣǻ÷罦Ѫе̫ǲǣ
˵ţҶʩչԼղˮԪݵﲻͣ仯Լλãñ첱Ӵֵ걩һ׷Լ
һ꿴Ҷε˼ͣЦҶΣ˵ƶˣһȻġżҷ׷ǲǣǣӰֵûһ˵
ҶЦӰֵǱǸ÷罦ѪǿˣǸιӰôˮԪݵ˿Ӱ찡Ҫ֪ǿбʵˮԪݵﶼܵӰ죬ԣʵոչƱڣûôǿʵ
ӰЦҶΣʵһֵҪǿܶ౶ô㣬ҵĹƫģܹͻһеѵû˵޿첻ô
Ҷεͷţ˵޿첻ƣ˵Ҹо⡣ǣ޿첻ƣҲûôҾбҰ
ЩҶζЩϷˣӰĸоˣΪҶҲûףԷܹˮԪݵлֳܱڳ˵ٶȣҶοǷǳͷ۵ģ
ӰֻǺһûֱӻӦҶεơһҶζвΪӰʱû˵Ҳûж˵ûа취ˣǳʱŵ
ҶΣˣ㣬ˮԪݵأȷʵǸ鷳ٶѾʮ࣡ҵĹҲӴڲͬĽʵУǿʱģڣѾˡ
ӰָĽʣǸִĻ˵ˣˮˣ֮СӰܹݽʵĲͬٶȻõ£ֱ̫ˣ
˵ţͼһһӰȻҶεǰȻûж֣ҲҶθסˡ
һ˲䣬ҶʹղٴγĵطҶθոհƵӰξͬƹ֮һ̼Ҳ
Ҷ뵽˼˵ıУղǳԽռһֲʵ˲ƶû뵽Ӱļ֮£ҶξȻֻܹƾղӰ׷
޿첻ƣǷ֮ĺ׼׼򣬸ʲô취һУΪʤأ


1414 սƿ
ҶƽķȴһʱӰӽµĹŪæңüλ㱻ˡ
Ķ֣ҶԽ˼Ƶ֮ƵʱȻ䷢ΧȻǻӰأͺǰӰΧַҶһ
ҶΣ㲻ǶҵĻ÷罦ѪƷͷô㣬ҵʩչµʱΪӾԭ򣬻ĻӰҶΣʲô취ܹԸҵļٻӰ
ӰĵûҶι෴ģҶȴǶȻһΪҶѾ֣ԼղʲôطӰļٻӰܹӰһ
ǰ˵öԣϾû޵еĹղܹʵ˲ƶĹֻҪ¶棬б̬ļٻӰܹ˲Ͳ
Ҫ˵ƴƴʵҶԼӰǾƵġɶԷƮΣԼûдĿ꣬ץҪĵط
֮ƼܣãҶηʹˮգΪʹˮղûȡʵԵЧ෴ģֻǰװԼţϽͨıȡᡣ
ɲǼ䣬Ŀռ䲼˺ҶѰ˼۲ĻУӰӦܹܵһưɡ
ߣҶΣΪʹóĲܾܹˣˣҪǼٻӰô׾ͱƽ⣬Ҳ㲻ʲôߵȼĹˣ
䣬Ҷξ͸оԼĺȻһƣһȻûʲôȴʮֹ죬Ȼ˳Լĺ͸Լڲ
ҶβƵԼγһһ߶೤֡ȻҶʹ֣ȴȻƿ
һʱ䣬Ҷξ͸оԼ־ͺһзǽһԷһİȻ͸ֱ֣ӴҶε֮ϡ
žžž
Щ״İҶαƤ·ϸ΢ıըһȭȭӳȴһȭȭ߿գҶԷӰӶûп
ҶΣϲ㷢ŭӴ㣬ǰзûõģõľ޼ƿʩ÷罦ѪˣҵƷܹ͸ǿֱڲӴҶΣζΰ
ӰҶͬϽһ㣬ȫʶͷųȥֻҪӰټϾʩչԼٶȥӰԼȭ
ǣķȴûմӰİӰӣ
Ҷʧ֣ȻʶԼ̫ˡôˣٵ֮ɻľĸ꣬ԼΪ׽ֵӰӣֽ͵Ϯ¾ʧ̬
뵽ҶΰƼܸջأʶҲ£վԭأ˵Ӱ˵˰죬ô˵ľ͵͵ϮΪóֶȴûһ
ҶΣԲаɣʵսУﳤܶÿһս߱ҪġҪսƴƴǸɴһվˣһһȭҴһȭ˭ֵʤˣսءӰм˵
ҶεͷţΪֹ˵ΨһеĻӦиֵķȣüٸ͵ӴһʩŰԸ֣ⲻֵķȰ
ߣҶΣҲüңսУܶǲķ˭ЦǾʤߣû˵սʧܵһܹΪʤߵģ㴭ϢһѾҶ⿪ˣڣһ»÷罦Ѫʵˮ׼ɣ
һ䣬ҶξͷΧӰأûҶʲôӦ֮ڶҶѾ˲´
٣Ӱ˼ôԼٶȿ죬㣬ҶκǶӰĹް취岻ƶȴʼ޷Ӱļٸ
ҶΣʹԽԽǸе˷ܣƺܹһλӢ۾أܹסأ
ӰĻЩŪζӰױȵĿٴ£ҶӦԵʮǱ˵ǻˣԼ֮󣬹һܷӦ
ҶΣ㲻Ǻųǿһ޵еôôˣ㵹ǻְǴҰӰƵԽԽ죬ûʶҶεľȴȴǳһεԽԽľˡ
ǧ
ҶεһȣҶָӿһŰâûָ˭ϷɳʮɣҶΪģγһʮɵĻηա
Ҷβû˶֣ͣǲϴ߶ǧһĹҶΧʮɵķΧڣȫǡ
ӰٶȲ¼ôû˿ռ䣬㻹ܸʲô˵ţҶβٿһ
Ӱʱ֪мˣҶθղһίӣʵװġΪľǷԼľ裬ԼҶʮɵķΧڻ
ڣẓ̇·һӰʱֽš
Ӱ㵹ܰ˰ɣаɽаɣԽҾԽ˷ܰ


1415 
ռָڰҶ΢΢һҪһĸ治׺ŪϾӰҲǼߵġ
ˡ
ҶεĽŲز䵽ϣÿһŲʵ̸һ㡣
ģҶͣסŲֱֻҪǰ϶ʲôΣյġ
ͣסҶȻûзʲôΨһв׵ĵطӦþڵˡ
ߣȻ㲻ԸǾȰһѰɣҶЦԸͰˡ
΢΢һգҶֻһȼţȵ¶ȣƺҪضˣʹ
㳢һζɡҶһƣǻԶطɳ䵽ϣſʼȼˡ
žž
ޱȣûȼ֮£ȻԽԽڲϵҶǰĲ۶ȥ
ǺǣôҪҶϵЦԽãרԻȥģֻҪŻȥһˣǾֻܵȴˡ
ʱһһţҶеȲסˣһգЩֱ۳Σһֱ㶵ȥ
飡
ײҶüͷһȴֱӽը¶µĴڡ
һɢɫâĶſڵ£Ĺâۣ޷̽ﵽʲô⡣
Ҷʶһƴһ̽ʱЩɵˣѹͲʲôˣһڹӣ
صعصľȻǸڹꣿҶβ˵˳˵˵žȻԼЦˡ
عµĽǹİȻֶ
ƨô˵˭ڹꣿ
ģһռ䶼졣
ϴĹ䣬ΪˣϴǴ󽫾ʹף
ף
ҶεüͷһܹǣϹϵģ¶ʲôǵģټ걾ǸѲ͸˵ˡ
ꣿһ³Ʒ𣿺ܱǸǰû˵ҶεһЦһ񾭡
˵ЦԼϵףҶΣ㲻øˣô۶ӵ׿ɲСආܹƿģƲӵףⱲӾͱĲȥ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ˵һĨӲм
ˣѵûз֣ѾˣǵĴ󽫾ǽ㵱һŹһָ޷ܵĿŹ
Щ⣬ͭӣʵСӣ㵽ʲô˼ҪӸ󽫾ĹϵӸŴ󽫾꣬󽫾õĺܣ
õĺܻ˼ǣֻаɱˣϵĲɣҶϵЦԽ죬ϢЩ׼ˡ
ųĬˣҶֵü޷ˣϲľǸޣޱȵ˶ԿԵĻܹѪУֱӺƹȥ
һԼԴСӣӷϻˣȴ˵ߣ󽫾أΪӲʧֵͼֶΣʡʡɣˣûв´ĻʱӦòˡأץʱɡ
һӣҶοЦޱȣû뵽ЩӦٶ۵˾ȻռȨ˵ûдżӦҶΣ˼ҡ
ðɣˣҾ͸ؽһɡҶεͷʰϵЦݣޱȡ
˺ٺһЦֱӽ֫Դ뵽֮УСӣбɣ׶޷ƵĻֻԶطˡ
ͷڹ꣡
˸ղŻǧƣȻֱ˸ͷڹ֮꣬вˡ
׵Ļȷе鷳ˣϣݲ̫ԶĻҶ΢΢Щģ屦еǿСĵĻǵùĿ϶ˡ
װػתţÿÿתһΣɢһĨɫĹâķϵǿš
üһڹӵĻ²ɣҲˬһѡ屦֮ҶλûܹսȤǰиİӣܹݺݵˬһѡ
ҶһԪ壬ֱǿʣͺһɳȭͷݺݵɫĹâ֮ϡ
ۣ
ǿֱӴ֮ϣȴľһ㣬Ƶ
Ҷλ˻΢΢ʹȭͷ׵ķȷǺǿһȭͷȥȻûʲôӦ
Ԫ壬Ԫ壬ҶεͺһɫɫƲѣȻֱӽԪض͵һ
ͬһȭٴαһεûб仯ȴѾܹɫķȭͷˡ
ãȻ㲻޷ͻƵģǾûˣҶЦһ֮ǰЩģ˵Ĺ໥κص㡣
ڿҲǸȽǿķˡ
ҶĦȭƣǹŻЦݣҪĵһȭˡ


1416 ǿì
׵ķǿᣬҶʮͬԼˣǾˡ
ҶȣһŨޱȵսͬǰѹ֣ȴսĺŽ
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ҶεӰʧԭأһȭͷѾ׵ǰ
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أ
ȭͷصҵϱߣɫĹâ˲ƿǿֱײϱߡ
͡
ҵĦţٶȼźȥɼˣȻǲض֮У·𰤴ĸͲ
֮ͣУñЦôǲǺǲСɶ˵Ⲣûʲôô˿ûио
м֮׵âҶεͺһâشš֮¾ۼұ֮Уһֻ׵֮ŵֱ֮ͬһ㣬
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ҶΣСˣ˵Щܻ
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׻תٶ˼¡
ҶθܵĲɫ΢΢һ䣬æ÷ôˡ
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׼תţڿնڰ֮УһƯߣֱҶΡ
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ǧҶεͺһ鲼ӭͷǳȥ
üһӲڹӵȷЩѲ˰ҶβɵøпԽԽףȴҲûż
֮ĻҶȴǲΪɶԷǲг
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г˷ܣֻҪһи˵ĵˣǿķҲûô
һ̣ɵˣΪʶ̽鵽ԼҶεӰӡ
ڣֱײͬһͷ쭹ţ˳Ĭþ˸ַӣ޷ǧ֮롣
ô𺳲ѣƽͲᱻִޱȵסģڵ׸νͣ
ҶγȴƶԷߣСӣǲǾúܲ˼飿ʵǳ򵥣㲻֪֮ľ˵ԣעҵĶ֡
ƨӲŲᱻסܹҺΣѣ̲סʩչˡ

ֻ׵תٶȻ񱩵תٶΧֱ޷΢һͻᱻѵ
⻹û꣬Ҷε֮У׾ȻֱʧԭأٴγֵʱѾһط
ռ似ܣ㾹ȻļܣһСˡҶεͷϵ
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׵ϴһɽζٴδ
ķ©ġҶε˵żƺѾԶһ
е΢΢һȻǱסˣ漴ŭɽҵƨӵķ󽫾̾ѣô©
عֻǺѣķû©ΪֻǸǲعǸ󽫾أ׳գҶγһѹûи˿ӡ
˻ѣ̲סҪԴǷ˵֮ˡһֱϰȴڸǸıһ¶ԴͺпܻᱻҶնɱ
Ͼ˵ǿףټ幹أûףҲǸѰֶѡ
ҶΣ㻹ǲҪ˷ĻˣΪҲ֪Ҫƭҳ𣿺ߣô󽫾ӵĶˣӵˣǲᱳѴ󽫾ģ˵ԴȻһ֮ȻٴγĬˣһ¿ˮ̵ļơ
٣һƢͦӲİðɣȻ㲻ԸţҾֻܽɱˣȻ㰾һҶκȻЦһʱ̽飬Ѿ˵ǿȫףѾ׳һ
ҲΪȴΪһ©
׵ǿӲӹɣҶζ޷ٶݵʱڽ


1417 ޹Ǻ
ҶΣҳĿڲźܺã˵㣬Ҳǲصģбû£Ǿͺȥ˭ż
˵ȻЩĵͲ
ǧ
һΣҶû֣ǵصɢŴĿĹâֱӳѲ
Ϊ˱һǿռ似㣬ҶֱӽΧڶ
һΣƶһƶ
⻹
ҶЦһֱӽͲãٳ
һΣӣ

أ˴죬Ȼǿᣬ¶ȵĴûа취赲ģܹ赲ҲҪĴά֣ԽΣˡ
úЩŲסˣڰҶΣͣͣ
ҶγĬûбҪһ֮˷ϻ
ҶΣȥҲ㣡
ҶΣסְҿˣ
ҶΡ
ǿٵʧ٣Ҷһֱɫؿţš
ԷѾܹҵˣΪ˵ݺԣֻбɱܹƿ׵ãͨĲ¥ݲŻ֡
ףƲУ
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Ҷһ֣ȫջأ׵ԡ
ûҶΰ漴̧ͷһλãȻǿտҲ
֮ǰҶվضš
ģһһ⻪ֱҶεš
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ʹĲҽҶ΢΢ҡͷףһԼˡҸʹġ
˵꣬Ҷһ£Ѿİ˵ʹࡣ
ˡ
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ļٲ٣ԽˣȴԽҪ侲ĻȴĽһˣǵΣ󣬵ʱӳǺˣ
Ĳûʲôģƽԭֻǵϵزɳʯ
ҶεĿ룬ֻ֮УһӰնɢɫĹâ߹ޡ

ģһӰһֻ֣Ҷεķһָ
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ˮŮô֮ʮƣֻϢЩͬҶۿŶԷаԴĦš
ǺˣǿҪ鷳һЩˣϾкˮĵطǽ޵еģ޾ԽεĹʱ޷ʱڽԷնɱ»뱻֮С
㣬ҶΣҶεĶ䲻ɵ
ǺˣҶʵ
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Щˮ亣ˮ֮УźˮΧ¶ȿ
ʲôֶΣĺܰҶΰ̾ǧޱȣΪ¶޷߱飬ЩصֶΣҲǿġ
ηˮɱ޹ǺٴοڣǾϣȴһа
ͬһ޵ŮˣһЦţһߴӱóһѼ⵶װģš
Ҷεֱ۸оȻǾԡİ

Ҷεͺһβˮ
ɫĹâ˸ţҶΧû˿©
޹ǺЦݣͬûмҶεķһ㣬һ죬һǺˮͬһֱӷ׷׵
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ˮһĺˮϵسŻķǿ಻ϵҶε嶼
ʵ̫ǿˣ취һµĻҪùˡҶüͷһš⺣ˮĵطĻվǲǿ
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ḻˮԪ˲佫ҶλΧԭĹͻ˲٣Ҷδһйõˡ
յҶδһأӷ޹ǺȥҪֱ򵥵ķʽԷնɱ


1418 նɱ
ѸٳҶΣ޹ǺһЦȻȻģ
޹Ǻ˫ǰһȻ˲һˮֻ촽΢΢һҲû˵ʲôˮر
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һĲγɣҶȻһǰĳš
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ಡ
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ˮ
״̬Ĳϱ仯ԼЩѵı飬ס
һɣҶһֱӽһˮյΧγɣͬһ·Ļ泤ǰеΣȫĨɱ
Ҷڣ޹ǺȻһЦıҶΡ
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Ϊʲô޹Ǻôһ䣬ֻҪˣ޷ȥ
ȼհɣҶһȵųһѪɫķţŻ档
͡
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ˢһӣҶγ޹Ǻǰ
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Ĳ㣬ƣ

ʱҶβҵ飬ֱӱϡ
ڵ˵ˣ
Ҷξ͸оԼǹǦһأûбѡ񣬾ֻһ˼Ǳ߻֪ôģԼΨͻ屦ܹȥ顣
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عۣҪزˣݣҪȥѧЩ¶С֮ôҶ
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ѵôѾ屦ĲˣѾƣˣҪϢ˯һɣʱͻ֣ᷢһлôá
ع˵ţкȻֳһĨֵĹƺԾţһĻ䣬ǻƺŭţƮֳеĸо
ҶЩ㱣һع
ع¶һ˿Цݡ
عʶŭһϽòдһʶƴҧԼͷһ£ҵʹصʵС
عŵĿҶ˵ҶΣû뵽ĿȻվ˵زȻܹҵԹ֮󣬻ܹÿңСˣҲС˿
ҶεЦҲҵĿ֮£ǵһܹѵˣ
ҶΣݣҵǺܺüʶˡĹ΢ĩ֮ʲôֵóƵģҳϣⷽǣĵطδˡ
˵ţع˫۶ȻǰӣһʮֱۣŲع۵΢΢У˫һ㵭⡣
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Ҷ΢΢ЦѸٽұۣʱҶεұϷ˵Ľâ
âȭȻ屦ĲĿ飬ҶȻǶ־һȭӭ˲ع۵ơ
һ죬ͽâݺײһ𣬽㴦ҵıըΧĿһĴӡ
ҶκͲعˣ˳ɲſͣסΣ


1419 ʲô㶼
ҶΣ⣬ôģҸ濹⣡ҵҪܸӲãѵشƣ
ҶûзϻֱжӦعۣâȭ
䣡
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ܶʼʮΣع۵ͷϼҶһҲǿЩɫ󣬴ҲԴˡ
عͣ־˵ҶΣǷôôģӲƴѵƴô
Ҷκһ˵ƴ㵹ǲڣҾǾãܱʲôҶУȻ㾡ܳУܴ㣬αضñķɰأ

Ųع۵һŭ𣬲ع˫Ŀİ׹Ӳع۵˫ϼ
Ŀİ׹⣬ڰбεģÿâһһҶ˹

ҶεĺĻҶεĽɳҶεΧγһķǽǽ֮УҶΰԼָС
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ţתǽȻǣε˽ȥ
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ϢǿᣬҶѾоûƷԵ
һعۣĲܰôţߣȻĵѾƿˣǾҲƿһưɣ˭ĵƸӲҶսⰺŭһڷƮȻҲǶġ
ӣֵعЩԾˣǲ֪Ҷεжôı£Ȼܹڵٴα
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ӣعɵˣҶαΪѾԽôҲ˵һεֵж
ˡ
عҪֹѾˣֲѣѾڰ׷ɫѡҶΣɫ
ˣӦӦ
ع־ŭţһԤƵʵ̫ˡ
¡
ϧָûдֱӽѹڡԼţع۵ɫ԰ײѣرһмһɢˡ
ҶΣǽַԼȫˡ
΢΢ת֣Ҷֱץȥ

΢΢ܣɻ޷ֱֵҶΰȫˡ
꣡顣
꣡屦飡
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1420 Ľٳ
ıըҶ¼ա
ʱ䣬Լʱ䣬Ȼֻ
û˻ᣡ
Ȼȥ˵
˳ݣҶҲʲôԼٶ˼£һɻǡ
ʮľ룬ҶεϸУǵʯһϵ
ھʮλϣҶβȡ˻Ƿеķǵĸй۲졣
ҶαȽοǣϲûг̱ص龰ĵľһעһͶĲӣϧһд۶ǽҰƻ
һ˼ɵġ
Ҷܹ϶һԭƻ˵ģԼյסȻǵĻңٽǷɧңĲӾͿԸҵ롣
ֻҪǲӽˣôָĽھͻӦ˶һϵ˸
ǿɸǲһľ˶ˣһǲִģ֮Żеɱ¾¼
ôһأҶУ⡣
ȻҶѣǺͿˣ¼õĵطӦǾɽǵȨ֮ء
ֻҪѪ¼ôһȫн˵ΪȨڧΪԤΪȨֵĴģѪ¼ɱУƽգ
Ҷ֮ûаѾɽΪһֵĵطΪﲼ˳ǿķ˵󷨷ϵ˵Ц껹С飬СѼڣûߵĴܵ˭Ҳȥɽùͷ
ǻ˼άȻҪԸˣǾǲϧһˣȻôҪΣҲҪƻ
뵽ҶεתΣɽ˹
ܳϣɽȥûа㱻ƻļһпȥûˣԽҶεԽģϿޱԽ
˳ԺֻĻ´һĳü
ҶһԹҪ㱨Ļһ˵ȱ˵𲮣ϺĶȥˣ
ĻһɫҶϣܣʦ𲮻йϣͷ°ˣ
Ҷǲɵöһ£ܹھɽܵĵطЦССûжκεƻˣʲôʵ
£żô£˵Ҷ֪Ĵ¼Ļ»ģһ棬Ļ⣬һ棬Ҳ׷ʱ
Ļ¹ֵǵʱ򣬾ɽȻսˣֱӳڳԺһжúףȴô£Ҫȥʱʦ𲮻йѾǸƷߡ
˵Ļ¼ʱЦǰ֪£ҴҸϵСѺСҲϵҪˡ˭֪ڰһһյʱ䣬ЦǰȻˣССΪ˱Цǰȥ׷ϡ
ϢҶδʧɫҪ֪ЦʵҶֲʵڣܹһյʱЦΪĸˣǶԷʵÿֲʲôز
һ£Ҷ˵£ߴҲҪţͰճḶ́ôɾôɡȥЦǰϵ飬ͽˡ
ϣҶֱӾȥЦ
СһҶι۾ж涵ģ磬ɻˡ˼ļһЦϲĶû˰
ҶСѵͷʾοСкЦǰ
Ц뵽˻֮УҶһ֮£Ц鲢ǷǳģΪ̫Ϊ̫ĶѵµĻԡ
Ҷʩչ˴ָЦоΡһӵʱ䣬Цתˡ
ȣСҶиаЦҶվԼǰϾ֪ôˣԼǰ°λϣǷǳ顣Ȼ˾Ӷˣ˵Ǿڣ
Ҷ˴ָ˵ҲȫǰǰȻָˣָյʵһ͵飬ҪǰԷȫʢʱڵʵԿΪ׺Ķ֣Ѿˣһ֪ġ
ЦҡҡͷЦСҶҲοˡ˵ĹȻһԭ򣬵ҾãҴȫʢʱڵʵҲδؾܹˡʵǶ˭Ҳܷϣ
Ҷһüͷ˵Ȼôǰ֪Ķʲôô
Цٴҡͷ֪Щ˸Ͳ˵ֱӶ֡ǸΪֻ֮ǶҳһƣҰȫſסҪССϵʣĸ˿¾ܰҴˣ
⻰Ҷβ뵽˳˼СսҶҲʶһĴ󽫾
ǸһƾͰЦ֮ѾҶε


1421 
ҶθоǵˣӦһĴˡֵǸˣҲӦһߵĶпܣ౾ˣ
ǰѻ°ߣĿǰƿԼʵĿĵȻһҪǶǴ󶯸ɸ꣬վסŵġ
Ҫ֣ҪܵĹע͡ڻ֣ȫԽ˵ǵǸ߲㲻ı䶯
ҶھȡȨʱҲȷʵȡһЩҵֶΡһȫнڶǸ߲ҸûԤоݵġ
ҵںʻϣֱӿԷųҥԣ˵ҶβòֶȡǵȨһиԤ
ܹȫܿԶ¼ĸӰ죬ö֮ȫǵֻҪҶδȨҶȫٿסǣٶʵʩԼҪɵĿġ
ϣһ˵ǿп޵ӣ˵棬ǱҪġ
һֶͨΰѻϴɸҶιǴų켺ĶˣҪϣҪϳ׸ϡ
뵽еֿܣҶ֪ػϣԼǶˣʵ̫Ҫˡ
ҶζϸİţҶְΧĿռǿһ£ǵסһĸֵģһЩĶ֣ܹкǿķõġ
ЩҶηǡȻҶβ֪ϱ°ߵʲôطȥһҪˣô飬һҲ˵֪
Ǵ¼ҪǷϵĻһǳʾЧ֤֤һ˸ɵģȨѬһҲƺ
ҶγķȥȻոշʮǸĿռ䣬ҶξͱһȺĸ߼Ѳ߶Ӹ
ǵ˵ǵҶεģҪڴҶΣʹ
ҶȻЩ⣬ǸЩ߼Ѳ߶ˡĸˣڸɳ˴˵ĽܸɵĺڰһŻɵɣ˵ǸôɣҶҲ£
ھǼǧĸ߿գһ˸ŽâĽҶεǰ
߼Ѳ߶ӵСͷĿڽ湪ʩˣҶѾ
䣬ͼȻһȻһĽ磬һԲɵȱڡ
߼Ѳ߶ӵͷĿҶһƣȻʹѲ߶ӷǡ
ҶͷųʶΧϸ̽һûʲôݴӽȱڷ˽ȥ
棬һƬݷʢ磬ǸոշɽҶλΪĳһء
ҶϣĪΪôҪҶôĻҲδ̫СƱˣ
һЦĽռ𶯵ʸУҶֻ˫ؿѪӿԷһЦ֮ȻܸԼܵĸо
Ҷκʾ˳Լĺͷ籡
һ·ԶźĵľҶкХǸһҶײһ𣬾һбŷĲòƽϢ
ţҶϹȻӢۣ˵ã
䣬һ߰˳ߣһ˿װ˳Ҷεǰ˵òֻ֮ˣɢĳգ˫üĿϸһ˫۾߸ߵı촽ܵ͵ľ־ʮǿӡ
˵ɣȴݺӡĿ⣬·ܹ͸һУһ˫԰׵֣ͺǬգ
ˣҶԴɻ˵
ⲻ֮˸һƺŰˡǶ죬ˣֻ֪࣬Ѿ֪ˡ
ڶ飬Ҷ޷ܵģ˵˷ָġ˵ʱһӢϧĸоȻȻ
ҶΣҲҪһ٣ռҲңǲԵȵĺú̸һ£ѵô˼ͱ˵ƣȡ֮һֱֺ׵¶
ҶЦȻô˵ˣҲá죬һֱ׵ǣһУȫ˵ģҾͲˣ˶вҲϾɱɣ
Цݣ˵ڴ߶ΪȹȨҪʵʩѪֶΣȻûдʩϣ˳߲ÿȨղҶΣѵ㲻ôô
ҶЦֶǩκεĴ˵޷˺ȥġǣϲ年Ը籾֮ˣǲ̫ˣ
һ˵еˣҾڣΪʵֻ֤Ҫܹɵ㣬Ĵ۶ֵõģңϲ御֮УˣɳľӢҲһҹ֮ϲջأ
Ҷ̾˵زʣΪۻʥ˲ʣ԰ΪۻѵȱǰѪȺͱô


1422 ֮Ĺ
ûϻشҶΣǰҶ쵽һľķУֱ£ԸҶε׼õĲˮ
һڲˮЦҶΣѭҲҲ֪ɣУɱһЩɾЩĹУһЩҲӦʱȱڴС
Ҷζ豭Ҳһڣò˵죬ǰЩ޿κεѡΪЭĶбҪһĵ޿ɺǡǣҪ˴ŸͬĽƵ飬ǾЩˡ
췢һˬʵĴЦеʱˣѵôҵ飬˵е飬ͬҲ˵еѵ㲻ãǱ˴˵Уͼ¶ô
Ҷε˵ô˵ÿһȨȨебһеģУ
춸Ȼ˫Ŀ˵ҶΣظ֮ˣܵҲҪر飬Ĵ¼Ҫֻأ˺ģҪе·ߣȫǸ֮ˣ
ΣҶ˵죬ɱ˵ҪˣΪеĺ롣
شҲܸɴࣺȻǣǱҪģе飬ڵ㻹ûʸ֪룬Ҳʸ֪ˡ
Ҷβһüͷбһ۶˵ĪԶ
ҵôֻһûеһƴĵزЩ飬Ҫˣ»൱鷳ġ
˵ţһٲ豭һƵҶε
ڶϵĲ豭ϣȻһɺڻɫơ
ҶβҴ⣬ϽܣעԼŲ豭ֱϣŲ豭ӭ˶Ĳ豭ҶεĲ豭֮ϣһɽӲӵơ
飬豭ŸԵײһ𣬵ôҵײȴû̫״Ӳӵƺͺڻɫһ𣬲ûҵıըеˮ齻ڵζ
Ҷδ󺧣΢΢һͶĲ豭˿
ȻͬͬԴζ
ҶοԿ϶ǣԲܣôһأ
ɫʮأ˫ĿȻһŨصɱҶͷһݣϽԽ䱸֪˲ѣһ־رɫԾײ
Σɫһ㻺ͣ̾ϢҶΣϰĹȻǴһֱڻɣǣֱҲţֲô飬֮У֮а
Ҷжʱ羪κһ㷭ӿüͷʵ죬ô£ϰĹҵͬͬԴζϰʲô
϶ȻǸµ飬ЦͲ֪ˡҶΣϣҷŵ˰֮ĹУŽȣ͵ȥɡ
ҶͬǱЦȻɷѿҪңΪʲô֣ɱңһвǺ׾ͽô
¶һĨ΢Ц˵ҶΣд޸ǳѲҲ˵ܹ㳹ɱˣȻȥһʮִַﲻĿʮʹ飬βתһпɵأ
˵ȻҿԸ㣬֮Ĺǰǿĵطİǿߵǿꡣͽȥģұˣ֮⣬ûܹ
ȻһЦ˵ȻҲԲȥҾͻ˽פǣ˵䲻Ȩб˰ˣԱȽ룬ȻҶΣھȡȨʱ˭ɾɣ
֮ĹŵǺܴӣֻһҪƽĵط죬һУֻҪĿˣһóѵģҶκ˵
ֵȻʢãҶΣҿԸԼȥ֮ĹڣҲκε飡ٺ٣ҵ뿴ܹӰ֮ĹҪ֪֮Ĺа˰˴߳ʷˡ
Ҷ˵Ұ֮Ĺʲôطʷǻıġıʷģɵġ
Ҳ˵Щģʹ͸Ҷΰ֮Ĺλá
Ҷκ޾ɫ룬оȻЩӣʷҪıģԸܸı䡣
Ҳ֪˶ãһ˶Բ״ĿռҶεǰ޴Բռ䣬һӱһһյ״̬мΧĿռṹȻһ壬ͺǿռһ㣬֪ôС
ҶλΣҪֱӷɵԲмλãȴԲ״ĿռԵʱһǿҵĿռҶβ˽ȥ
Ҷι۲һ£Բ״Ŀռ䣬ĵطҲмʮ治֪ôȥġ


1423 ʯ̨
ô֮Ĺ첢ûнҶΧܱյķռתһȦҲûзʲôĵط
ѵҪҰƿռȥҶţ˳־ڷĵطһ¡˭֪һһĸо˲˳Ҷεִȫ
ҶβؿǰһУ
ҶνұۣѽܺԼ幥ϵһһȭӳ
âȭҶһŭһȭŽʸкͲӲӽâһȭ䵽˿ռĹâϡ
ˡ
Ҷһȭ˿ռԵĹâϣûзĺȴһӹ˿նɽ˳
飡һɾ޴ķҶεұϴ󵹷ʮɲͣ
Ҷοǰ˵Ĺâһҧٴε͵ع䵽ұ֮ϡ

â֣һƬ𺣰ĹâȥҶδ۾鷢ˣûȻеͷǹĹâȻȻһĴ󶴣ոͷһƬڵĻ棬ȫ˳ڶӿ˽ȥ
ͷͨͨʧںڶУڶҲûʧһֻ۾һҶΣҶо۾ĺڶȻһ˿ζ
ҶһҧܱƵ棬γһһ߶೤֣˺ڶںڶǰͣҶ޷ڶ˽ȥ
ڶǸɽһĴڣҶźڶ֪˶ԶȻ䣬ҶθоڶȻսͺҪԼѹƬָо
ҶθϽԼٶ˼£ڶľͷȥĹҶηǰһ⣬ʱ򣬺ڶѾֻ߼Ŀ׾ˡ
Ҷһȣһǰʹܣڣںڶ¡һȫرյʱҶηɳ˺ڶ
Ȼ䣬Ҷθоһǿһ£ҶŸԿȴûҶӦͺһʹ˵һʵء
һˤȻҶˤòᣬҶ壬ܹоʹ˲ˣڣҶξȻоһȫʹĸо
Իһ壬ҶξĿĹʮֻ谵ͺ̫Ѿɽδʱʵĸо
ˮΧʯһĵ棬͹𣬰͹ƽȴǻȻһ塣
ԶһƬɵģͿԶʲôӡ
ˣȻһʯ澹ȻнɶҶθоһ£ʲô·
ʯ氡·һһһްһĶ
أһţĳĳƵ˻ƴҶ˳һͼһţɴСĹԼ߹
һǰɫëȻţףȴǹ⻬ë۾ѪɫһԼ
ιģСӣ·ѡһǸ統֣Ÿ죬ĺģòĺôĻӽˮӣ÷
⻰һҶδ۾ɶߵţ֣һʮոڱڵСëӷһСѣôҲѰôһͷϵһ
Ҷ´ͷʱǸٴ𣺡ʲôʲôأСӣ֪زʲôطðɽó㶫ТТ磬Ȼʯ̨粽У
Ҷξ˹ˣͷһûûһ˿һĵطôǴ﷢أ
СӣǲӰǸϵӣҪٲʶ࣬Ӱ·ȫǹ⣬Ųţ
ǸٴҶע⵽Ǵţ󷢳ġ
Ҷղһչһתţ󣬿һֻССëӹţ׹
ԭеСһ﷢ģֲþֵֹġ
Ҷһܣһ־סëӵĺ󱳣ݺһק
ʲôô֪˭ôôңͲ¡
ûë˵꣬ҶһˤëӶʱɱһ㺿
ɱˣ˴æëһ£Ǹţ׹ת
˴ķӦǹٶ۵ˣתһʱ䣬ëȻ˴죬û˹ҳôһҴ򣡡
ҶξȵһĻˣ˴ķӦǺëӵĻϻһȭҶεͷˡ
һȭٶ㹻죬㹻㣬Ҷξ͸оһɾͷк£оΪ֮һͣ
Ҷαһ΢΢һһȭӭ˴ȭͷײȥ
һ죬ҶԤϵ˴ȭͷҲҪ𿪵ľûг֣ȴԼ嶸ȻһԼȻֱû뵽˼Ӳʯ֮У
˴ϴģһʸС̬һҶҲǰԾ
ԶԶԣô˴Ҳë˫۷Ź⣬ӣ޲Լ˴ʰҶΡ
ҶһХâȭнԪؼܵһȭ˴˶ţͷ˹ȥ


1424 
ҶζʱޱȣϵĶֲôǿûһǿ̶ǿҶα˴ǿ׼û뵽ٴζϣȻԼ˿
˴ѾӲƴˣ
뵽Ҷνܵ˵첲֮ϣ˫ŭ׵â
Ҷε׵âȥǿбҲҪܵش˴ǰȻëûŪһ
Ҷξʱ˴ȴǶˣһƴ϶ºݺ˹ҶΪһۼ˴һƹƴʱ򣬱˴Ʊ߸ɨ
ʱҶδӰкݺݱĵ˵棬۵һ뵽˵档
֪ļһҰҲʲôط˴ٲһţСӲȵصȥ
ëӿʮ˷ܣһߡ
ȻҶһԱָֻŵëӣʱ۾һ΢΢һΣѾëӵߡ
Ҷһëӵĺ󲱾ë˰ա
ʱ˴ĴѾӸ߸̧𣬶ҶξͲҶΰëһ٣ӭ˴ĴѾӾȥ
ιιιǣҰǧȰҿܲ˰ëһ˴ĴѾӣŵð˵ټֱ˾˵ĵزһĻһͺ˵ȥˡ
˴һëӵļУϽҪѽŸջ˴ôأһҲǷ˺ݣôջȥģ
ӴһëӲ㱳ȥϢһŭɵӣ㣬ǳѾӲȸ磡
ԭͷкµĶͺ˵ˡҶ˵Żëڿն
Ҷΰëһգ˴žʹ˹ȥ
ëŵ۴УιֵܣϽ㿪Сɾܲײ
˴˲ҵϽԱëۼԼûײ˴һպգˡ
ȻëɿʱҶκٺٻЦСӣоôͣǲǺܴ̼ٴ̼̼ɣ
һҶ⻰ëӶʱɸæСӣҿɸ㣬ǧҪ֪ʲôطô׸һĶֵϡ
Ҷëӣ˱ͷ˴ͷȥ
˴û뵽ôһ졣Ҷδ֮ëһ£˴һ㣬Ҷëӳ˴ķ򹥻
žһ˴ڱҶëӴһ¡һ¶˴˵㲻ϣǶë˵ǹǶϽ۵ײ
һĹë໵һʹȥ
ͨһҶξȵķ֣˴ﾹȻ˫ϥ˫۴ˣ֪ˣˣŹСӰɡ
Ҷһû뵽鷢˴Ļеһˡ
Ҷζһ£ǿ壬ҪǲʹԵǿ֣Ʋס
뵽ҶΰСӷýŲסӴָͳ˵ĵҩСιȥ
ǼƷʥҩʱСϵĹֱ죬ѵĹȻ˲½ˣ
ҶûаѽɿЦŶС˵ιιװˣҪװĻҸɴʹ죬һŲˡ
СӱǱ۾һ⻰Ͻ۾ֵһţղžϢһ£Ϣһ¡
ʱСʵࡣҶεĽȻû˴Ĵ󣬵С֪һȥҲܰԼȳʺ
ҶЦСӣЩҪ㣬ʵʵ˵أϵֶ˵
Сһˣʣ֪޲޲ô˵ɣⷽԲʮģûҲ֪¶
ҶһСӣǸ죬ոջһĵӣתۼ䣬ĭҷɣ·˭죬ֳһܻÿӡ
治֪ôġ
ǰãûпһ˰ͷ͵˵Ҷвζ
СӶʱȻҶΣֿ˴˵ʲôͷЦѾûпˣһǾԿԱ֤ģ
Ҷνһ׶̬˵ôҪûµĻΪԸ⵽طСӣ˵ѻĺǺصġ
ҶεСϵĹٴη˿ֲֻ֨֨ҪҶһոջظĹٴζѣ
ûûУûУСѾˣ˴￴ż͸æ˵
СһǼթӣ˵Ļʮоžõ˴һͷԼ֫ͣ˵ٻҲᡣ
ҶЩˣѵ첻ǴѻͽģǶ˵Ǽٻ
ᣡթޱȣҲûбҪڿԼ
ˣҪﵽĿģԲֶΣ˵ٻյ俴ǲֶΡۣ˿ԴαȴмСα
ȻҶһ˵˴֮Ĺǲǻڰ


1425 ѵ
˴Сӵ϶¶㯵ɫԼͬɻ֮Ĺʲô
ҶξеЦ˵˼˴Сӵı飬ǲװģĪԼߴ˵طҪĻǿǵùˮˡ
һ£ҶξԼûߴطʵ֪ʲôطô
СӾܱҶβڽ£ȴһֻ֣ܲмָҶ˵ӣʲôط֪ղŲǸ˵ôʯ̨ôĵط㶼֪
һ仰ҶҭòʹСӸСǸӣСѣݺݵһСӣҶת˴˵˴Ǹʵӣ˵ʲô
˴￴ҶΣָָС˵һ治֪Ҫ֪Ҵ硣
С˿ûԼ˼Ҳڽŵ׵ľ򣬵Ҷһ˵ʲôҪ֪ڲϢ͸㣡˴ǸɵҴǲǣߣټ֣죬ƾӣ壬뵱ʱ򣬻֪
˵СӾ;ؿһƣһûҶνϴԼعǷ±ε
ҶЦ죬ƾһ㲻ӣСӣʲôô˵ţҶΰѽϵľһ¡
Сųһ٣ǣ۱ôҰòãˣֶŵĶ಻ãл˵л˵
Ҷη˸ۣ˴˵治֪ĸˣȻСӵ磡ƭ˰ɣ
˭֪˴ظһͦ˵Сӵ磬ĸԸģСˣҪˡ
Ҷɿ˽ţСһµܵ˴ߣһ´ܵ˴ĺ󱳣µֵܣС̫ѶԸˣǽˣϽܰɡ
˴ȴûҶΣȻҶιؾؿһͷˣǺˣСӷˣҸͷ
СӼϴĴ˴ɵԽ㻹īʲô۸һҲСӵĶ֣ʲô
˴ȴһ˵ҿǺˣǲôģ
Сһʹļ׵˵ɵֵܰк˰ˣڵˣȫʬǺˣûԹ
ֵҶξȻܰĸоóǱ˴Ĺػģ˴ɵ󺩴֣СӻޱȣһӻˮⲢֵһꡣôⶼһѵܣǸɵģ
ҶεЦǲǺˣ˵˲㣬Ҳ˵˲㡣మķϣҲΪǣʽô
һ֣С۾ʱų˹ʣ˴˵ҲǲԣֵܵļɲͰʮϵʯó˵¶һ̸
ҶβɫӴָͳһ鼫Ʒʯһӡ
Сһɢ뵹âļƷʯŴӶˡ
ٺٺ٣ûһ鼫ƷʯֵܵһٿϵʯˣҾһЩ飬԰ɣҶ˵
СȴûҶΣ۾ֱżƷʯ˹ʯ޲̵һ
ҲԭΪϸ˭֪ԵСӶЩˡ
Ҷηһ˵ˣˣøһЩˣ㣬ʯ̨ʲôͷ
СŻɫһ
ԭһƬߵĿռ䣬вٵʱ򣬾ѡΪ˼һдҵʱƽ˸Ͳҽ룬Ͳᱻ˴š
Щܣһ㶼ԼޡΪˣҲ͸ˡ˲֪ʲôطˣЩ޾ס
ΪûκβĶ֮໥γ໥ɵľ档󣬴ʵ࣬Ҫ໥Ļ˭Ҳ׵֣˴˺ֲû˱ޣγһֲƽ⣬˭Ҳ״˭ע⡣
ԭǻеܹɻʯ¶γʯ̨ӡ
Ҷһ˵ӦǶ˵İĵطֻЩޱǲ֪ˡ
ޣƣҶβСӺ˴Ҫ˵˴ޣû˵ǿͷʵôҲܶԵ֡
С𣬱˵ˣ֣СҲְ
СӿҶΣ̾ͲµҶôģм˵֪ôģСӣѵ֪˲ò࣬ˮɶô統ʱҪû⣬ûġ
ûҶӦ˴һ˵ûӸǷǳģҪΪңӸܹ
ҶεСӣˡ׾㵽ʲôطţզôأ


1426 Ѫ
⻰ԭҶҪЦû룬˴ɫʱһˡ
˴ʮ֣˵ˣӸȷʵʵáΪҵԭŸɲ˵Ӹ硣ҪȻҿҪˡ
Ҷλû뵽СӾȻ˴ôһҵСܣ֮£
Ҫ˵еĹ£Ҳʮָ˵ġСӱӣǿиţ
ǸʱСӿɲڣСһǸڵ˴һɣë޾κεϵëиص㣬ܹԪؼܹ
˵СӵһΪʯ̨һָ˭СӶõͷ硣
˴ɵͷɵԵľ׼Сӣһ쵽СƨɺתǸʱ˴ﻹûֻͣһߣܱ۸Сӱ˴ͷ˴
޵УһǳĴڣѪâɻޡѪâɻ޸һȦףʯ̨ԶĻˮһ塣Ѫâɻ޲Сӣȴһ˴ƭ˳˴µˮָĵطǿ̶Ⱦͻ
˴Ǿˣ㰴Ѫâɻ޵ָµ塣
˴ѪâɻܵС˵˴ˮˡ
СӸϹȥʱŷ˴Ѿ첻ˡҪȥӪȣȴǸоǸ塣СҲ˵ãһ֮󣬰Ѫâɻ޸ˣðŷհ˴
˭֪˴ʵ̫ʱѾһϢˡΪ˾˴Сӽ˴ŵѪâɻµܵһˣԼ˻ˮ塣
ԭСͨ󷨸˴һЩԼľԪû뵽̫ǿСӵһΪȫ˴գСӾԪʧһ͹ˡ
˴СӾӴԺʹСӣԼԸСܣС˵ʲôʲô
ǶԵƺţĵӼȻôãΪʲôȥôʱ䣬һֱͲָܻԭеʵأҶЩ㲻ףڣֻҪһڣӦָܹʵİ
Сӣ߷ߵǸѪâɻ޸Ĺһʵ̫ˣһָʵˣѪ䣬Զ״̬ѪâɻҪˣҲøһ
ҶЩˣæ˵ȵȣСӣż˵Ѫô°
һ߱ǺѪ䵱ȻͨԼѪһڷˡҪ֪еѪ궼ܹΧʱռӰ죬ѪͨԭӰ޷Ŵ󣬶ĴڽԼ䡣ûĻ
˴ˣûа취ȾҺӸ磬ҪܵĻʲôС
ŭɵֵܣҸղô˵ģסһ㣬ֻҪǼûëģʲôţǱĲԭ򣡡
ͻȻҶε˳źͷһɤӺ˳
Զźİľ޺Уʱʯ̨ΨҶİУڰоþ̻·һþòɢ
˴С鲻ԽڵأɪɪھԵǰ벻Ҳǲˡ
ΣſƮɢ˴ŲΡΡվٴοҶεʱг˾η顣
簡զ£˴ϹϾ˵
ôģĲ£ôһɤӣ˵Ǹˣʯ̨еޣҪһһǰվˣ͸Сܣĭе߷߲ƽš
˴ȴתתֿҶΣС˵磬λôܹأҪȻǡ
ӶȻŹ⣬ļƷʯֿҶΣͨҶεĳ»иղһɤӱֳʵ˴ĻҲûе
ȿȣһӣǴüĿģһǸŵȳˣǺú̸̸ֻۣҪǺֵܹ֣Ը
һ̵ӣҶĺѰǸϵһôһӡ
СѲô˵ۻģֱǸƽϵСһ
ݺݵһҶκһ˵Ϊ˾˵ģǷһ¹ϵҴ̽ϢֻҪܵõϢҾͰѪ䣬׳ɰɣ
ҶΣɵô򵥣㲻ںʲôӵɣ
һڿôҲԼʲôУʰǷַӵ飬÷ʲôô
Ʋʲôʲô˰ͦõһˣôĻһȶûУ˵⼸仰Ыһˣ˵Ļ㹫ƽǾɽɣ


1427 
ҶץӣȴǶ˴˵ֵܣûУ˻ϿȷǸˡˣȥҲ۸Ƕ֣ǺкˡԺģϿԺˡ
ȻҺˣͿϲɡֵܵ㶼֪ˣ㲻ܲܽСӰɣ
Ҷ˵ҽҶΣСӣ˵ˣǿǺףҲڣȻĻÿġ
˴ﱳߵһߵءҶν̧ۿʱǰƽ¡һԲεƽ̨
ιдûУһˣվ˴ļϣ̴˵
һԲʯ̨ĲʯϣȻʯ⶯һɴСĶڣཱུĳĴһĶ˳
ҵ˭أⲻôôƤӽˣҫһཱུļһ˵
ȴûָཱུļһ˵ãͲǼƽˡϿȥѪâɻ޸ӹҳӵģڸǰҰô
һۣǺһЦǸ˵ëӣ㻹Ϊ˸ɵߴСܱ˾ˣҹǴа壿ҲǸɵӸ㣬ҪȻôľͳүǿ֮ʳˡ
Цûн꣬绹ˣ㣬յСܣֽҶΣжţҾͲϸˣǵϴңʮľˣҲ˽һˡ
ҶӲɳʲôСܣҿڰͲԼô
ţ˴ҶС˵ǣ֪ǺˣǲҼƽϵġίһ£ðһСܣȻ¶ˣøʲô㣬ô
ǣұһ۱֤˵ð䵱СܡʰѪâɻޣ͸㵱Сܣ
ιëӣҳҲǲԣҵ顭
ôʱ̸УʹʼһʱҾͰﵽף˰ɣ
ҶһЦɽ˵꣬Ҷδģߵǰ棬ȵϴĻûȥ£ѲҪִô
һ̶ۣЦ˭ҵʯ̨£ӣǸ֪صûëСӱëӸ˰ɣ
ǰͷ̿ż˵˵ϴôҲҸģô͸Ǹëأ
СӣүվţҪܹһȭүſ£˵ɶү
ôקĻҶοǻðɣģҲװģɴûôװĿġ
ҶҲ˵Ѹٵұһȭӳ
âȭ
Ҷεұ˸ŽâȭͷһʸУֱߵǸ
ҶξһĻˣҶεȭͷӴϵʱ򣬾һȭ޻һ
ڲϰݣſ岻ϰݣҶξ͸оԼȭͷױȵĸһ㱻ж
Ҷεȭͷƺݽ˿ٿһûУҶθоԼѾȫжˡȭͷǶ˿붯ˡ
ȻҶξ͸оԼȭͷϴһ൫ȴǲɿܵһǿ͵ؾͰҶݺһ
ҶҪȴȭͷģͱжҶԷķ֮ԽԽҶѣ弫⣬κεǿᱻռ̶Ҳ˵ԼԽ󣬲˲˿ᱻԷȫ
뵽ҶҲϾˣſϷƮһʱҶηɳʮԶͣ£
ûëСӣ֪ү˰ɣϽԶ㣬ɲӢ۵ĵطүˣԲ˶ߣקקİһܿͣǾͷֱһ㡣
һ˵ˣΪСӵıҳӣ¿ɺãɳδºް
˵ţߵҶεǰ̾˵ˣҲУһΪܱ˴ǿ㣬ˣǵͷ߰ɡ
˭֪ҶοǱǻˣҶǰװˣĴڲ֪ǣûһʲô³
Ҳ⣡
뵽Ҷһſ˹ȥ
ϺǣûëСӻСֵˣãһȻôǾͱֵĺˣ
˵ţһһҷ·ƤһһҶεվãȻͿʼͣ


1428 ȫ
ſĲһﱾͷཱུѸͣһĹ򣬾ͳױ޴壡
еǧǼסȻ͵ѪùˣСҶҪǾòУ͸Ͻܰɣ
ݵգ鼱֮£ҶʹóˮԪؼܺղں塣
ʱԲʮڣһƬˮԪݵس֣Ҷڿ䲻ݷļײ˲ͻȻʮĵط
ǺǺǣû뵽ûëྐྵȻֶΣ˵ţһţȻΧˮԪݵظһڿˣ
ҶĿɿڴ֪û뵽һȻˮԪأ
ûëСӣ֪ү˰ɣ֪ëӺǸɵΪʲôүôΪүһ޿κΣҲ֪ôôԩͷİɣ
ۿſˮԪݵأҶ˫ӣһȵǧ
Ҷεŭ׹Ҷε˫۱գۼ䣬׹ͱƵڰзȥ
ƵսļҲ롣ǣǳԣƾ̵屻ճһζε򣬵ûжʹ࣡
ȻľԪؼܣܰУûëСе˼ֻⶼСƣ
˵ţʹһŤӣʱǵһ쳤˺üߣڰоȻһ䣬ҧ
ǲǲڶڿϵȻ̵ˣ
°ָ͵ӣЦûëСӣ㻹ð֣ڣ֪ʲô˰ɣ
ʱҶֱϱĺ⻯һƬ𺣣ΧԲʮɵĿռȫڵĻ棬һֱ޴ͷӻ𣬱ſͳ˹ȥ
жʱɢһɽ㣬һ֮Ц㵹ק첻ʲôܳʲôҧôզˣϻûˣãôĿأǱɿ
Ҫ˵Ի棬Ҳǲ̵ҶطˣҪǸȥĻҪﵽ͸ˣ
ڶȵɢڣʣһ˫۰ܿǱɫ
ȫпڸˣ˴Ͻõֵܺúóһ٣ƲסԼ˷ܣСС
ȿȿȡһĿԣβ̧˵ˣ䣡Ӵ۰
ߵ˿ߣЦһ˼ѣʱһ˻ƤѾˣƤˣ
磬֪ˣ˲С˹ɲɣӦ죬Ͻġ
ޣ֪ˣղôţ˭⽹۵ģϸĿζø糢ζɡ
󣬴󡭡ˣ޴֪ð˴ˣ˲Ҫְ
ҶοûйǳֱȵǱ˵ֻҪǻشҵ⣬һΪǡûмһ˴˴ﾭ
Ҷĵ⣬Ϊ˻ϣûһҲû
һϽˣֵܾûмֻҪҪʯ̨ģ˭ҪҪôһ£Ǿܹü
Ҷεͷ˵ӦûоͿ֤ʡ
˵֮ĹôҶοһ˵
ıָ࣬Ҳһɻ󣺡֮Ĺû˵Ǿʯ̨ţĶҲȥˣʯ̨֮ʲô治֪
ǵϴ󣬾ʯ̨ôҶʵ
⣬ÿɫ䣬óǱȸղŻҪšһҶͱ˵鲻Խ˸£ϽͷʾҶεĲ²ǶԵġ
ҶδӴָͳһҩƿ˵˵ҩһʱоһֻջǵĴʹмࡣ
ҲΪǣЩ飬ҪǵϴңɽȥʲôĲãҶε˵
ʱͣղ˵ĻѾǷ˼ɻˣҶʵģǣʯ̨ĺĻܰ
ҪǰЩ˵ˣǾͽԸͽֶΣֲĸо
ʱ˹ȵϴСҶǲǣСҶֶοɶȥˣȫֻСҶһֶΡ벻볢СҶĿֲֶΰ
嶶øˣòĻΪҶεֶǿǸոռʶģ


1429 ˫
˵ˣ濴ʯ̨ʵĿռ쳣ġɽȥͻһ۵ɽ·нʮܹһ
˵ȻȻȫʼһҲţ۰ϷѪͣ
ãҶθϽҪΣȻûҶδӴָͳҩѾ̡
ңཱུ壬ۿɼٶڲСһή󣬽ʣһǼܱƤһ㡣
˹Ĳûӣ쳣˵ӦѪâɻ޵ĽڿѪƣֻҪǱѪƵĴڸڱѣѪƾͻᷢӡ
˵ţצӣڸɱĿһʱͰѿƶǡСţڿļϣԿһʺε䶯ӡ
Ѫƣ쳣ԵĿ֮
ҶεͷȴȻ˵Сӣô֪ôࣿⶼżȻ֪İ
ЦҸѪâɻ޲֪Ľˣʯ̨طһǿʳĵط߾޵۷壬߾ǵһΨΨŵŵ²㣬⣬ûбѡ㿴Һ˴ɵģʵȴʱҪδ֪Σա
Ҷļ򣬿ɼĺɽվߡҶβûк˴һ˵ĻնûҪǸһðա
ȴǴ˴һ˹µʲô˼ʲô˼ֵǲǣѪâɻô㣬統ǰⶫ趼ϲԸⶫøԳ
ҶЦЦҲûֹ
ԽǰߣɽԽĺڰ۵ɽУֲָܿҶθϽʶͷųʱעΧһС
Ȼ˵СģйɧζʲôζСĵ㡣
Ҷûŵʲôζģ֪ΪޣָоҪΪԼҪǿϺܶࡣ
ԲĻ¸ԼЦģ
뵽Ҷη˽ŲһǰǰУȫĽ䱸Ҳ˼£
ȻںڰУԼԼһڻĶɽҡҷҶԽԽǰͬҡҷĻһĶԽԽ࣬أҶζŵˣɢһϢζ
ˣһڿռ䲨ĲͻȻϴЩҡҷĶɢ΢΢ĲȻûи˴ֱӵ˺˸оޱȵķꡣ
Ȼ˫ͨ嶼ܹɢɫ˫϶һƵĶ̽Ϊ˫𣡡
ҶȻ֪˫ж쳣أܶ϶˫Ƿǳ鷳
ţ죬һĶɽĶ˷£ɽγεΪ׳۵һƬһ𺳳棡
֮ܣ죡Ҷεʹó˻ԪؼܣʹЧһã絥ʹûԪؼܡ
ʱһҶεָ籡խɽѸӣգۼγһƬ𺣡
ѽѽѽ˫浱зͷƤļǲûбˣ෴ģǿвһζǿҺ壬ŨŨζǿҺ壬ϾͱϨһ飡
ܿ죬еĻȻȫˣ˫糱ˮһҶ˹
ݣһƿ˫˫ϣĶ̽Ľ꣬Ѻڰɽˣ
ҶθϽγһһ߶೤֣Ķ̽ײ˽
Ҷξޱȵǣ˫Ķ̽ȻʮֹĴ͸Ȼסˣһ̽γɳȴǴ͸ֱ֣Լϣͺܵ˲֪Ľһ㣡
һߣ˴棬Ľ˴ϵëϾͱȥû˿Ӱ졣ⷽ棬ҪǿϺܶࡣ
˴¶СԴ˫Ŀˮǳ⣬ܹʴһУҲڻ£Ͻ취ɣ
Ҷδҿ˴ôû£˴ôֹܹģ
еˣ˴Ǿ˻ˮӵĴģˮӿɱ˫ĿˮҪö࣡ϻˣ취ʱ˫ָĹˣͻһ⣬Ϊ˫Ĵˡ
Ҷ֪ҪҪĵˡʹ˫𽩳ֱֻ֣ĵø˵һ³


1430 ڣ
ˮգ
ҶҲ˫ˮסĶʱ䣬ղӳ˺Զ
ˮ˫ǺЧģۿ˫ˮзеٶʮֻ˫Ȼûпһܹ̳ˮı졣
ǣʱе˫ٴη˫ϵĶ̽Щ̽ˮгʱһ⻪ʢӶ̽Ʊ˹Ǵ̵״
仯Ǵ̷еٶԭԽ죬ۿŵҶεǰٶȾʹﵽ˾˵ķһٶȡ
ҶοԸоӹǴϴһ޼᲻ݵâһĸо

ҶεıȣҶεĽ£һصĻǽһ𣬽Ҷν˺ġ
Ҷθղűǿ԰ֺͻһʹõģʹʵ̫ˣ⻹ոǵɽݿ˵ʯ̨ޱҶҲ˱ص뷨
˫ĹǴ̼䵽˺ǽϣϾͱתǽУǹǴļ̸УصԪذûκε֮ء
˫ۼǴ̱ߣʱЩżȫӿ۳ǽſˮȻܹʴĿˮʱȴûôá
ԪصǺأܹʴǱʴһ㣬ϾиĻ
˫ˮսϾ޷ˣΪǴĿˮ޷ҶٻԪγɵĻ࿹ġ
ҶζȻһȣȻ䱩ǣһ˫УһĲҽ˫ڻ֮УǱĥѹһһѶѵѪ⣬ЩѪܿ뵽֮Уת˲ʧˡ
ȵؿһУе㲻Լ۾˫̹ģԼǴɵ˫дżǿʴԵҺټӴȺ壬˵˭ŶҪ˱Ĵڣû뵽Ҷô͵ĸɵˣ
ǰߣɽоû쳣ˡŲ룬ɽĿռԽԽ˴Ҳܹվˡ
ȻҶηԶ˸ŵĹâЩâƽʱĻ⻹Ȼⶼ̫һӨԲ󣬾ͺʲôɢĹâһ
ȵһЩҶθоâ̺֮΢΢ͨʶжϣЩģ
ߵýˣҶηһɢҵ޹ǣЩ޹ǰģһǳǿĴڣǱɢҵĹͷҲе
ǰߣɢҵ޹ԽԽ࣬ĵ涼ˡģЩ޹ǽѵ̧ߣͺһ޹Сɽһ
Ȼͣ㤵ҲѪâɻ޸շ˰ɣҪĻǿɾ鷳ˡ
صرǿᣬǲɱݻٵģҪʵʵȫʢʱڵѪâɻ޶Ҫ˱ᡣ
ҶһʵСӣ޽ô㻹֪һЩʲôصô
̾Ϣһأ㿴˴ڵ壬ҵǿǲֹģ޶ԿһЩԿءһﻹһļܣǾǷ˵ޣȫܹٻ
ʲôҶҲЩˣѾôˣļܣǼֱûֵˣ
ȻôôѪâɻ޵ĵǲأҶЩʵ
һ˵ǲޣѪâɻû£޲Ȼɵ飬ǱΪģҪдѪγɵԼѪꡣ룬֮Ӧǽף޻޵Ѫ꣬ס
͵Ҳܹ˵ͨҶβǣѪâɻôܹõôѪꣿ
ҶΣѪâɻޱѪޣ˵һƲл꣬ڱ˵޿ƥеġ
£Ѫâɻ£˲ٵ£Щ¶еλߣ£͵εޣһ˵Щ͵޾ͻΪ޵ѪԴ
ʲôʱʲôطǿʳبŲҶθ̾ţŹɽǰС
СˣǰӦ޳ûĵطСѵ
ɽȻ⶯һйǳڻĲйǾͷһԵһĶ
ҲˣСҶⶫҺ˴岻֣ԼԸȥɣ˴ǿСҶսȥ
˵ţڝһ굽˴Ļʾ˴Ͻˡ
ˣһһ·촫˹
һ˵һ࣬˵һǼܡǼܷǳأ˵ȥǻȻһģ·ƴ˴ġ
Դ˵Ĺ죬Ǹͷϸͺͷǹƴһһ䷿ôСǺǴԴͷųġ
޵壬Ǿ͸ˣһֱֱµļȥǺϸϸ۲ÿһǶСźͶɵġֲľ壬ȻһعǺ߹ǻһ˵ơ


1431 ĸо
޵˫Ⱦ͸Իˣϸ֪ǲ֪ĸȹƴӵһģÿһȹǣһĴϸ
ģ޳һԸ첲ϻһԳһĹǼܡϵԹǼܸĵطһһģ治֪ʲô࣬˶ĳ
˭ˣҳһһϣ˺ˮ˵ܵ
Ҷɵ޵ǰͣڰյУĬĬעܵļһ
ȻǸ࣡¿ɺˣҪռһЩѪ꣬û뵽Ȼˣ
˵ţһ˦ǳĸ첲ֱҶξץ˹
Ҷβٿһɣʱ޵һץţҶڰһұۣڵһ޵ؿڡ
âȭٷеҶΣϸֳ˲ӲӵĽâҶһȭŽʸУ޵ؿڡ
һֻһ£ҶǸоֱ۱ʹҲ˳ȥ
޴࣬Ȼ׾ӵֶԸңѵ㲻֪ҵǿôûбĹˣûеĻ͸ϽɵɣҪ£㿴еǹǼܣҲᲹ䵽ҵ
ҶξѣղŵĽâȭ߷ǿбĸֹǶϽۡ
ڣ޷ǵûзӦҶԼԼֱʹ˳
ǧеʱҶβҵϽʹ˹עľܡ
ʱһʮɳ˸Ű׵Ĺâ޾˹ȥ
΢ĩ죬ҲǰŪ쳣ֻһ죬Ѿ߬ֻ˫һ𣬾ȻӲˣ
̺ڱϵ˲䱬ըȻǿҵĳ޵ǰͲʲôﱬըûиκʵԵ˺
ҲʲôиϿʹĹġСҶҿԿǻˣôУôУż޲Ҷιս
˵ţҶξ͸оһϮ޵óգۼ䵽ǰҶζٸкһͣܵһ壬ҪٴηյС
ȴ뷨޵Ԥ֮УҶϷɵ·ϣ§ͷһƣʵʵҶεͷϡ
һ죬ҶбŲ˹ɽУĹǼܳ𣬰β䵽ϡ
˴Ͻǰ£ͰҶθˡ
ҶθоЩʹûд󰭣챻һȵøоǽڶŲһ£ʹҶδе㷢
ۼ޷ȭͷջ˴һϣޱһ˴ˤӣʱһȻ˹ɽ֮ϡ
ǲСɽһӴһ£ɽϵɢǶʱѹĽ䡣
˴Ͳ˶֣Ǳ
һӣҲЩ̫Ӧˡ˫ۺ˴˫۽һ𣬸޷ʩչһ˫ȣ˽ϣضûУ˵ˡ
Ҷҡҡλվ˴ϲϽҶε˵ǣûУ˴ѾǸһˣȥһǸһҾͲˣ򲻹ޣ
˵ţһһ˱ʡһŭǼܳȻſһɵ˰գ˴ҲˣǱ֡
չ˫ᣬڰһ˴ɽǽײȥ
һ죬˴ݺײɽϣɽҡ˼£ʯҳ䣬ͺҪһ㡣
ɵСӣģ֪֪ҵ˫Ҳſ˴չ˫ᣬɽ˼ӹٶȣٴν˴ײɽϡ
εײ˴ܲˣǼѪҲۿǱǿҵײࡣ
СҶϰȻ˴ͼֲסˣ˵ţҲԼʲôˣ޾ͳȥ
Ҷγ𣬵޵ĺ󱳾һȭ
׵â
Ű׵ĹâҶεֱϼת˲ͱǧ꣬ڼϣһƵĵâ˸
ǣ׵âȫ޵ıЩ޵ĺ󱳵㱬ըͺ̻һѤãôֲըȻûи޴κʵԵ˺
ǵâȴ˳޵תһȦԿ޻Ǳâһ¡
Ҷθһ壬˴ߣ˴͵ߡ
ҶοٴӴָͳҩ˴ºַɵ˰գ׼ޡ
ۣ࣬ԪؼյĲٰһж˵ͳͳЧҸĻᣬұʾɣңõ벻ĺôġ


1432 ֮
еĺʢͼͲͣͣһɬ󣬾ͼɽЩɢһȫƯ
з·ˮһʣЩɢһһ޵ĹǼܣ
һ޹ǼܣһһϣУɽƺˣ΢΢ҡΡ
ಣһ޹ǼҶ˹쾾ҧҶΡҶ΢΢һâȭһͰ޹Ǽܸɢˡ
޿˴Ц޴࣬廹㲻ܴɢҵٻ
䣬ʮ޹ǼܳһҶΰеǰ渺𹥻еǰеľ棬ʱ׼סҶεøһڡ
Ҷ쳤ХԡŲӲӵĽ⣬˫ȭһһ޹ǼҶεǰɢڵ¡
޹Ц޴֪࣬ҵ˰ɣѪ껹ĹǼһ㲻˷ѵģȫἯ͵ĵҵϣʱܹһˣ
ء
޵εʱȻ޹Ǽм䣬һƳŭ쳹ɽ
ϵ£ΨҶ
ǣͼЩĹǼܣڲϲŶţͻһɢǣڰƮ䵽¡
ŭ
ʲôȻĴУ࣬СˣһжûãûЩȻܹ㣬Ϊҵ޵еģ
һչ˫ᣬҶηɹһһ׵ĹâҶλ
޵ҪնҶεĲϵʱȻҶһȣˮգ
ʱҶκ޵ΧһƬˮ֮չֳ޻Ĺ˲ˮһٶȱ˲֪ٱ
Ҷǹʧˣ
Ӱһ㣬Ҷγ޵
Ȼһ˫ᣬѸޱתҶЦѾѻᣬڣ͵ɣ
˫ᣬٴתҶҶҲûжֵ˼ղ
ҶͥŲһЦŻûʶȫҪĹɣĳ֮ϡŴǸˣǼΪҪֹġ
һ⣬ûġ
ߣ޴࣬ôѵݻҵĳǼôЦԳǼӲĲ֣ҵҪôݻٳǼܵġ
ҶЦ˵֪֪֪ʲôһأ˺඼дһڣԴ˫֮ϣѵûи߹Щô
һ˵ûиô޷ҵĳġ
ҶγԳЦԴɻ֫øĹǼƴնɣΨĳǵһġղʹŭ𣬶ûܵ˿Ӱ죬˵ڸеһƴġ
޵˵ȻҲ˭룬ǰҲ
ɣΪˣҲ뵽ȻŭϵĹǼܿ϶кľ޵ľڡȫ£ֻһԳûоκζġ룬ӦԶʱܹĺޣӦĴܹǼܡ
˵ҶκȻصЦˣҲѧͨĴˣȻ뵽޹ǼΪƳһڡֻϧǼȻҲӲʣĳӵĵطȴȱݡ
һϯ޶ЩˣǿӲ˵ңҿɲŴģҪܹԸҵĻͶˣαػī
Ҷ¶ζЦ⣺Ǻǣ֪ΪʲôӪˮ֮ôˮ֮ҵ۷ʱҾǹ۲ĳӲ֣ڣѾҵ˼޷Ľϲ֡
޶ʱһ̲סٶȽ
˵û԰㻹Ըܱٶȣһû취ͣҾлˣһָ
ҶεıȣһҶεڻ˼ΪߣҶεָϱ
ҫ۵Ĺâȫеһϣһө֮һ޵ĳ
ǲһ죬޵嶸Ȼֳ֣һǻڷеĳǼܣһ޵岿֡
ⲻܣɵ࣬㵽ʲôֶΣұ޵еģûܹ
û˵꣬ͼɲͬɽһɢЩƴһĹǼ˲ͷֱˡ
࣬㲻ҪҸһ£ұԭһжĺòãˣҲ
оԼһɢ޵ĴԴڿ֧ţеĺѾЩɢˣҶηġ


1433 
䡭
޵ĹǼܿʼǿҵıըĹǼкܶȡڣΪǼܱɢˣЩҲʧȥȫԱըʽͷų
ڣ޴еĺܲĵһƺʧĴԴҲȻѡ
ΨǸǼܣƮţһ仯ҲûС
ҿСҶѪţ޶ܸʰˣҵ۹ǾģٽȥѪâɻȥ
ҶεˣСӣôҪҪ
ɴ۾˵ôʲôô
ҶָָеĳǼ˵ǾͿܲˣҪĻҾͰǸֲϡ
ʱĿɿڴβɵ˵СҶˣûƭҰɣôĶֲҵϣ˵ˣֻҪǲҸĴ۶ҪŪԼϰ
ҶһĴȵУͺáСӣҪ㱳ƤȻѹǼֱܸĹϣܵô
û˵˴ＱˣӸ磬ɲаǿٰѹͷϣǵö۰
֪ƿƤ֮ʹεģؼںζ͸Ƥࡣ뵽ЩҲ졣
ɿеĳǼܣȻһţҶҧ˵û£ͦסôЩˣһֱ˴ıҹˣҪǿֵЩɵĶˣڣĻᣬΪʲôƴһأ
Ҷɫ˵ҲΪֵҲŰæܾãѵĴڣӦúϡ
˵ţҶͳҩʹõķ
ҩҪպʱ£һǰζӹ裬ڶԽӹǼܵʱ£ܹӺùǼܣһ̺ͬСɣûļᱻ嫵ˡ
ӹҩмҶΣصͷģһᰴָõġ
Ҷεͷؿ˵׼ô
һҲ˵תѺҶΡ
Ҷλлһƣȵ֣ʱҶεбһ⣬ڰлûɾ޴צѰеǸǼܸץ
ҶһָֻһʱҶεָӿգۼͰסǸǼܡ
˿£Ǽܷ˾ҵĲܹõķҶβϹעӺɫɫٱɫı˲Ұ׵ɫ
Ұ׵ĻǼУҶε־צҲ뿪ĹǼܡ
Ҷεһȣǿʶ˲סĹǼܣҶޱǿʶѹ£ĳǼڲСɺ׳Сӡ
СӣסˣҶ쳣˵ţ촦ָıһʱĺƤȫˣ¶ɭɭ׹ǡ
һʱ䣬ıѪȪӿҶȴǲܲˣʶٿСĹǼļϺݺһ˦
ʱ޸µĹǼ˲Ͱϵ˿ڸ̵ýѪ̼ͱֹסˡ
ζӹ裡Ҷһߺţһߵڵܣ˳ĳǿйĺϡ
ھͰҩղҶһϵеĶ۵ûŲ졣
ڲҲˣһʮַѰζӹȥζӹһϾͷųǿҩ͸оԼϵʹУȻ˳ԼĹ߱ȫ

ҵϽȥûҩ赽͸оһɺƥӺ֮ˮһӿӿ뵽Լڡ
˲䣬͸оԼǸһϱӿŵüըһʱ䣬͸оԼ֫嵽ӯֱӳӳӳԴҲѸͣ
ˣۿԼһάҪѣ£һάޱȵͣƾôûжѣ
ҩܹϼάϣ˶ľʹȴܹġ
ߣȻ䣬ҶһȣȻ˰գۿԼһµȶ˳Ȼǰ˲䣬չڰзˣ
ܷˣܷˣ
Ѿǵ˸˲ĴСһëҲɫ˫ᣬҲһĤĤ֮Ҳ˸ëһɫ
䣡Ϊ̫ϲģס۾ûǰô£һͷײɽϡ
˴Ͻ˹ȥеӸ磬ôˣɱҰǺúõģоͱⶫˣˣ


1434 ʥ
˴ߵҶǰϥڵ˵֮ԸΪۣжģ𣡡
ҶθϽ˵ˣʵ֪ΪѲϧһеʱҾʹｻѣȻѣͲҳˡѾˣѾԭˣҿࡣ
ٴξϹ⣺л˴ӴԺ󣬷Ըˣǡ
ҶЦһǣҾǵСǣǻصǣǺúʶһ£ǻΪܺõֵܵġ⣬Ҳϲ˽ҴˣֵܣҲҪеˡ
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ҶθоԼָ߰˰ˣϷ˴һʯ̨
ǰأһΡĹۻչҶǰ
⹬ȻûʹĸûʣϸʱҶҲ̾ΪֹΪȫһʯοնɵġ
ɲǻȻһ壬ȷȷʵʵһ彨ͳһ˵ϡһҲĻʹ
ߵýˣȴϷ֡ʥֵûʲô鷨⾳ˮƽ֮УҲ֮
һɶߣԣʮʿվڡ
ЦҶֵܣЩʯޣʥЩһŪġûϵ׿ɲǴģȻģǵצӿ׾Ͱʯͷץ飬û뵽˿ð俴ŵġ
˵꣬ޱȰİֲߵЩʯ޵ǰ˵ιСӣǵͷ˵Ҷ˻з˴ˣǵͷϽӭ
Ұӣ򣬾͸ðβˣʥңҿǲˣֵǣһ˺ˣ
һʮʯŰѷΧģһצŷͳ˹
΢΢һչᣬѾɵ˰յУʮʯ޶ʱ˿աڰһͷɵһʯ޵
ֻԳ棬һֻǰһ̽ʱֻʯ޵ĺ󱳴˽ȥǺףڷ£Ƕһһ
һ֣磬תһȦ֮ʮʯȫƶǣ˵˼ҰҰ
ɵʮʯޣקһ˦ͷһָʥյĴţ˴˵ֵܣŸˣ
ϣ˴һ۾涼ų˹ʣܵ˵ǰĥ̴Сȭͷʥĵžһȭ
¡¡ľ죬ŶʱƬ
ҡ˽ȥʯѾϣлҳΧƮɢָоŵ˱ƻķǰߣжˬˣ
ʲô˸ôʥˣץߣɱ⣡һ໽еҵĽŲݵƿ쳹ʥ
һԴϳ˶ʨͷ­ȴĹ޵ס˷ȥ·һ޵ԣΧ£һι״࣬ڰҲ˷ࡣ
ҿʨԭΪӣû뵽ҲͶѪâɻ޵£߹ˡ
ʨ̣뷢ȴŷЩ죬ɵǣ
ǵ쳹ʯ̨κС˸綼Ҫ˱ᣬǧ˼˰
㣬㡭Ȼ㲻ΪϣѾ˸ëôǣֵһ
Ц첻ۣ޾ĥȴǸһҸ嵨ֵܣһҵֵܣ米Գôǲе죿޵ᣡѾ˸ˣˮת
ʨʱԴͬʱһ飺ʲô޵ĳѵ޸ܣȫʢʱ򣬸޴ƽҲˣôܹأ
һ˵ʨôĳôԴǸʲôģѵʺôҪ뵽ƨʥǱؾ֮·粻ʰˣôܹﰡ
ʨʱƿԣǰǰҪͱҪǾԲġ
ѵ޶Щһƽˣ޵ĿֲʨģҪĻЩһǲöԸ
ߣǶԸޣǸʥ·һѣҰҴ˵طʨ֪ԼˣǺܲõģΧôأԼˣָӲô


1435 Ļ
ޱȰɨеһۣɨ࣬һֺǿҵѹȸУͷʨӳˣЩʵأ
Ѫâɻޣ㲻һֱждôһֱҪҲôڣˣ֮ĶԹѵ㲻˶ôѵЩԸô˵Ҫְ֮Щ۵ļһȫɵ
Цʨ˰ɣϴǸͷڹ꣡ѵϴ֣
ʥʲôԹֻܳԸģҪʥԳ֡
ɨ˳һۣЦʨŵأȺŹ
޶˹ʥǶʥе޵ƣⲻǸ˽ԹǶսȻûνĵȺŹֻһԭǾǰЩµͳͳɱ
ʨҲǵˣһЩյҲ¯࣬ľͰѵȺŹܿˡ
˴Ҵ򣡡Ҳǳʹ죬ȻʥѪâɻޣǾһе׼
ﺰ˴ﶯ֣ȴȳʨǰûнʱ򣬷ǿƵġ
Ҷθĸ󣬷ǿ᲻ָյˮƽһ˼ٺɷеļܡ
ʨǺ˽ģһصȫλûӾϵǡ
ʨͷһݣһצżƿצ֮ϱֳޱǿʸУʨʶĹС
뵽ʨԱ΢΢һǰһ֪Ĺһһڿն𣬷ɵ˰֮С
һչᣬ͸ʨӰһֱʨĺץ˹ȥ
ʨõģȻǰѺ˷ʨԴԿĶ̬ԷԴԼصļܡ
ʨԷԴŷһں⺮ƮɢУϾڷΧγһ޴ļƵ
֨֨¸ͣΧĿռ·Ҫһ㡣ٷе壬Ŀռٶȼµ󣬷жͣˣ
ƥ֮Ѿعʱˣû뵽ȥôˣԿǻô⣬ǻ۲ȡʤ֮⿿£ûг·ģ
˵ţʨһԴȻ쳤ڰлһߣֱ쵽˷ǰſѪڣҧԴ
Ҳ£Դô˵ҲǿӲĲ֣ʨҧ
ɾڷʨҧʱȻϴһȣ֣
ʱһӲӽ˹һֻ޴צȻץסʨǸ쳤Ĳӡ
Ҷ΢΢һͰʨʨͷšʱѪĽʨһԴûˣʣԴ
໣ʨİ
̫࣬ûеˣôֱܹӵֶ͵ϮأʨʣµʨͷԴǿҶΡ
ҶЦղҺ˵޶˹ʥǶʥе޵ƣԣⲻǸ˽ԹǶʥսĻҲûνĵȺŹȻҳֻʲôô
Ա֮ʩղʨ˵ޱȿĻҶԸˣѸʨ˵ƿԡ
㰵͵Ϯöķôʨ͹ƱˣҶΣҭùǺָֻԷĲˡ
ҶδЦղźĺԣ˵ƥ֮Ѿعʱˣǻ۲ȡʤ֮⿿£ûг·ġôһת۾ˣѵв׽ս֣ⲻǻô
˵ʨǷҲҶֱ׳粵ˣ͵Ϯ͵Ϯɣܰ͵Ϯ˵ôףҲһ˲ı¡
һԴҴһԴҾͲˣ೤ԴܷˣҶ˵ţ˰֮ϣһһңʨչ˼л֮ơ
ʨһϽٻԼܹеͬæ
ȻɣҲ͹ֲˣѽΧʬΣ
ʨĿһڿն𣬰ҶκͷΧ
ǧ
˻ޣҶ˫һ𣬶ʱŰ׹âٴҶε˫һζηɳЩٽ˻ķȫסļ̣뵹â̽˷޵
еһŴӿе䣬ͱ̸Ѫ죬ٴӰյ䣬һˤû鴤ڱǲѪۿžûսˡ
ҶתʨԴ¶һ˿ĵ׷Ц⣺ǺǣԴ˴Ѱ˵ǰǺյĺã
ЦҶֵܣʨӵԴζ̫أʺǺյĺãܰζס


1436 Ѫʥ
ʨۿԼαҶһӽģʱѾףʵֲ̫ͲԼܹԵġ
ˣס֣ԸǵǲҪɱҡʨҲ
һ˵װ׳һʨͷͶ쾭ģ㵨ҲҳôСܣ
ҶЦʵȻͶˣҲͲΪˡ㼸⣬ֻҪʵʵشһᱣ֤ȫġ
ʨϽ˵˾ʣһ֪޲޲
Ҷεͷڲǰûмһ˴ߣ˵ûʲô쳣飿
ʨһ˵һ˴ߣҵûпʥǳȥһˣֱʮǰŻ
Ҷζʨ˵Ҳʥоʲô֪뿪ȥʲôô
ʨ˵Ǹʥģʥߵʱ򽻴Һúÿң˵Լȥһˣ˵ЩˣҲ֪ʥʲôȥˡ
ȻҶ뵽һ⣬ʨʵ֪ʥʲôаô
ʨҪشȴȻϺâʢʨʱת˲䲼Ѫ˿üѪ
飡ʨȱѣţѪʨһʨ͸ϱһ㣬ŵѪ裬ͬһѪһ䵽ϡ
ıʸˣղŻúõʨôգۼͳأ
ҶȴǻӰн䵽棬۾һȻˣǾͳɡܲھϱһҼŰɣ
һӰһֳһ¸ޱȣһϮɫĳۣڴһϡȻͷڷɫȴǲ԰ޱȣü䵽͸¶һɲϵζ
չӰз£һָ˵㣬㡭㾹Ȼˣ򵥰ֻʵ̫ˡ
Ҷһ֪ǰλ˭ˣѪâɻޣ
һ﷢ҹһЦ˵ڣӦýѪʥҶΰɣΪϲİɣ
ҶһϾˡѪâɻ޳ȥ˾Ƕ죬һϵѪâɻ޹ѹַһ˸ͼϣǱѪâɻһﲻ֪ʲôֶθͽ˰֮Ĺ
Ѫʥⲻ˵ôǺǣаҡһ䣬Ȼܹ˵ӡ٩
ѪʥЦëӣҶһֱ̣Ϊô㣬Ҿһֱæ飬ŷһȻƾǸ˥ܻ죿ֻû뵽ǣȻҶΣ㷭ˣ
ҶκȻ˵ӣӦǺͶйϵɣ
Ѫʥɵһ㵣Ц˵øһ㣬ЩΪȻڿеǸ˼ǺܹҲȷʵǶṩķ
ҶεͷǾˣΪôһΪѧʶȴǿԳƵͨ쳹ء룬ʨ˵аҲɣ
Ѫʥ𿴿ҶΣЦһ˿ͣǶṩķͨѪ긴ĸ塣ҶΣ컹˵ĹͬЧ
Ѫʥôһ˵ȻҶԼ޸ֻҪԼаѪӳܹԼԭٴθҲǴҫĲ֣
Ѫʥİʾп޸Ĺ˵ѪâɻһѪʥĲлֻ꣬Ҫ޸ĹԭӸǾûģ
Ҷ羪κһ㣬ȴǹž޲ЦžΪ޲ŻʵҪޣԼˣαҪأ
Ѫʥиֳһɲɫˣܰ鶼ϵ棬ӣ治һ⣡ܹӵջ£޲ŴӦҡ
ҶκȻӣ첢ûаȫĹӴѸĹȫ㣬Ӧòӡ
Ѫʥ̾мҰһ۾Ϳ˴еĶߡȷǸһ֣ҪܹôͻʣĹȫڸҡ
ҶǻһЦĻȣô
ѪʥҡЦҶΣˡ㲻ΪҵǸɵɣôģǶȴңΣյ뷨˵Ŷ˵Ǹɵ񡣡
˵㴫ֻҪҰĻȥˣ˶Բԣ
ѪʥͷЦ˼Ѿͷͽ˰֮ĹҸ㣬ҪͷҪ֮ĹҵʱΪˣ˼ң˭ڿͷҲһҪ֮ĹԲԣ


1437 ֮
ʱ˽ģһ׽ˣԼǿĶ֣
ҶβòϣѾԼ͸ˣ֪Լһ᲻ϧһӪȻϣԾͰһһһ߽ӡ
ҶοЦһ˵컹ʲôˣ
Ѫʥǫ˵ңֻҪҪǻ㣬ûκġʾܻشҲΪҵġ
ҶοЦ컹ҵ֪ɴԸʨϣҿɣҪȻôͻʩɱ֣
ѪʥһʨЦҲͳһľ棬ѵһصĶ˵»ϣҵһѪֻ꣬Ҫҵ飬ҾѪ꣬ó
Ҳϻң֮Ĺô£Ҫôȥһᱣ֤ȫġҶҲ봥Ѫʥʧص飬ѻתƵԼĿ
Ѫʥһ㽲˰֮Ĺ
֮ĹʵԭһҪһ˶ޱȵδȺֻΪﲼʱ֪ط޷ֻܷˡ
ĵطҪͻƵĳĵطкܶĳֱԼһܹ򳬴Ⱥϻͻơ
һȺŻĳ֣ǴԼ޳һƽİ취ڣЩ˵Ŭ£ǴӴҵʱдͨһ
Լǰ޳ﶼ棬ԼĳȺϿʼȺṩ˺ʹǵ˰Ϊ硣
ǣڻ˾޴ɹ֮ΪΪͻͽԭеĶԹͱˣʼʱСС֣չԾ
ٺΪ˶˻˼䣬ݱɷҵһޱȲҵİ֮սչˡ
Щһƻʵ̫ǿˣ򶼱ˣһ綷ֻ֮ѡҪ뿪ʱȴһ˸ʰˡ
˾Ƕ죡
Щ˵ںģǱ˴Ȼ֣еĸȫڴˣ
û뵽ǣһȷʵأЩֵ޳УһĴΪԭ֪һС
޳Ѫâɻޣ
Ϊ˵һƲл꣬лȻ˿µģҲ˸ͨһȫˡ
ɵƣĸ֣Ҳˣܻȥһʱ䣬ܾﻹЩʲôף͸˻
һ֮̽󣬶ͷѪâɻ޵ܡҲһ־ƵĹ׼ѡһЩʵǿΪõʱڶѪâɻ޲ÿֶεʱ򣬷ԼһоȻȫ֪ˣ
Ծ֮࣬ŸɵѪâɻޡһ£컹ǾѪâɻޣһԼ¡
Ѫâɻ˽ףѪâɻް£ԼѪâɻޱ˵ӡ
Ѫâɻ޻İ˲ٵ飬򣬱Ѫâɻټ޴¹̶ã水նγһܱյĿռ䣬ƬͳЩİһķĹҲǰ֮Ĺ
Ϊ˷ֹаӳеĵطȫգΨʯ̨ȱڣѪâɻأԼ
ԶʵҪܿЩ޵ĶĿ׾ٵ飬¶ͻѪâɻҲ¶档û֪飬Ҳʨ֪ӰʵһŲ֪
ҶЩľû뵽쾹Ȼܹô˸ƽȥΪһͳһ䣬ҶεǲΪõģֻмһ·
ȵֳɱڶ
ҲǶļıɣҶбһѪʥ𵭵ʵ
Ѫʥһ㵣ȻǰƾһƲļƻҸ£Ҫ£̫ޣУ޺շġҸôԸġ
һȫˣ֮Ĺʱ䣬Ӧǰٶǰģһֱ;ӪֱԼһδƻ˶İţŰã׼ԼΣյĵط
ˣҲ֪ˣ֪̫Ҳûжôˡ͸ңô֮ĹˡҶеȻƺоͺһ㣬еʱ򣬶Ҳ㲻ȥ
ѪʥЦʯ̨ĺ벿ǰߣʮ·ǻˮӣڻˮӵľͷǰ֮Ĺڡ
ûҶ˵ŭҶֵ·ȥˮӸû취ȥġ
Ѫʥֵ̯ˮӵΣգҲ֪ģҲûѣҪ֮Ĺ͵ôӻˮӹ
Ҷμ˵Ҷֵܣģˮӿ쳣գֻҪĴڣȥͻᱻڣ˴ﵱҲôɵģΪ뵽˻ˮӣŻӵġ


1438 ֶͬ
Ҷˣ۾תѪʥϣܹѪʥ￴ʲôϢѪʥЦſҶΣһνӡ
һ£Ҷ˵ǺãǾһ·
ѪʥǰһĶ
ʮҶüͷʵι㲻˵ˮʥʮ·ôôڻûˮ
ûѪʥ˵ĶҶ˵ҶֵܣˮӹúܣŲӿȴǰˮҲûУңˮӵĺˮǳ֮峺ȴǲ׵ġ
Ҷһӡûмĺӣ˵ҲͷһⰡ
ţѪʥ˵λˮѾˡ
ҶξĿһûкӣҪ˵ȴţǰ˼ŷԭʯϣһһ˼ĺ˵һ峺ס
һоͺõһ˸оĺˮһֻ󡣿ǣˮʵʸУֲòʵĺˮ
һ޼ɵľ۸Ϳããһ龰
Ҷһüͷ۾ת˻ˮӡһˮӺˮҶͻȻĪĽС
Ǹойɳ嶯Ͻܹסеɳ嶯
ҶֵܣҶֵܣȵѣѣôˣǲħˣҶֵܣҶֵܡ
˷ĲϺҶβѣоԼ򣬶ͷëëϸ
ô£ôö˶˵Լ仯ôٿˮӣ峺ĺˮҶε·һĹ
˴ĶȥˣУѪʥأҶȻʶԣ
ʱɵˣղſҶŻˮӵˣҶΣû뵽ôʱ䣬Ѫʥ˴ﾹȻˣ
һЦ󣬴ӻˮֳѪʥӰ
ҶΣҲʧʱ򰡣Сֵܾǲǽʲô߶ͷ·ҲҪһ·ôؾͿôѡˡ
Ѫʥ˵ţֻһʱһ˶˻˴˼Ͻ˫Ŀ
ҲһֿڣҪ³塣
ʲôҶקס˷
۾ˣָ˼ϵ˴˵˴ڻˮҪǲȵĻΣհ
ҶɫѾˣô嶯Ȳ˴Լȥ
ȥʹȥ˴Ϊֵܣ˵ʲôҲܿܣ˵ߣҪҶҪˮ
ҶδˣҪ侲һȫİ취˴ǰԼҲȥ֣ô˴
øӴѪʥ֡
ŭָѪʥҲôٶǰıңٶȻǸĲ˳ʺѪʥô˵ҲˣѵҸһô
ѪʥЦһƥ򣡾֪ɱɱٶˣԹһؿûëҩɾˡ
Ҷס˷˵˴ﲻֵܣҲҶεֵܣ齻Һô
ҶοѪʥͻȻ˴ָ˵һоգɵƯ
Ѫʥһȭ˵ޣ
ҶκǺЦˮʵϲˮɵģǳȡ˴ǧеĸɵĶָʵǺصģʵԲĴڽ뵽ˮУᱻָȫߣԲԣ
Ѫʥһ
ҶЦ绨˵ѪʥʵһֱξУѵΪеһУô
ѪʥˣֱЩĿɿڴĸо̶һӿ𣬶Ҷκȵʲô˼ʲôξУôһвҸģ˵㵽ʲô˼
ҶЦκĴڣв̶ͬȵĸһʵ˭޷ϵġˮӵ֮ǰЩĶһӣиĴڿָᱻ޷Ŵ󣬺ߣô
Ѫʥѵ˵ҲиҲӦñˮӰ쵽ǲǣ
ӣѪʥʮͬҶεĻġˮʲôԼֻѪʥѾϰڻˮɻڣȴе벻ףΪʲô
Ҷ̾ϣֻһܹڻˮг磬Ǿǻˮӵĵߡ죡ղô֪ˮӵأڿԸ㣬Ƕҵġ
Ѫʥһ鴤ʲôҸģʲôʱʲôʱЩģ
ǺǣֺľӦ֪ɣܴɣҲĹҵĹǿղųһָʱ۾Ѿҵʶһ˲䣬뵽ʶС
Ѫʥʱȫˣô֪ľ͵֮£ʲôҲš
ȻѪʥ뵽һص⣬ʱɫֽһ԰ס


1439 ķ
ѪʥҶεĻˣԼеһУǽڶȸһĶġ
ҶָһУԼûиҶεģҶƶϣҲǺġʵӡ֤Ҷε˵ǲɶҡġ
˵Ҷ뵽ԼʶУһУ
Ѫʥµûʱ򣬾Ҷһ˵죬ʱˣѵҪôѪʥʶصվҪġѪʥѾûˣѵҪһûڻˮô
ѪʥͻȻоԼԺһʹţԺУһɫڲϷŴͻȻоȻѣһźԺС
һӰԺаȻվ°ݺصдϣ·һǰһĴڣ
죡ѪʥжȻһɷŭŭĸо̼ͻĿ־壡ѪʥоһɷĲΪеһУǰֻͣҪ룬һоǷַӵ顣
ңڵӣѾڲ֪УĿԼȫԼһʿԸҶΣҲֻǺ޷ȥִ
ҶΣ֪һж㣬ֻû뵽ôͿˡûĨѪʥʶֻǰѪʥռˣҶЦ
ҶοЦ°һһôȦ㶼ô
ڰֵȷʵһӣŪʱôҲû뵽õϡٶǰӦûǰɣ˭֪زҲòһֱصĴɱõϡ
Ҷεͷ˵ʵڵģеܳĸоˡ£ѻϷŵʲôطˣ
쵭Ц͵ÿԼķˣ֮Ĺԭһ򣬼Ǳ֮ٴϣҲС˷ŽȥˣҲҲˡҶΣҪˣʵ֮⣬ҲҪôˣ
ҶζѪʥ𣬲ӦǶ죬Ȼ˵ԣ£ңѻϷԲҹӪô򵥣һиεԭԲԣ
һĹʣЦɳΪҵӣѵͲôô룬Ҳҵ֮ڣͷҲҵ˼һ飬֪ΪʲôһֱѪʥô
Ҷһ㵣˵϶Ϊô򵥰ɣ
ȻȻˣһĻ̫أĳ򣬸㲻ûᷴΪ˻ˮĲ֣ұΪӣû뵽ᵥǹƥ֮ĹСܣҲһˡ
ҶκȻֲĸоæ˵죬ʲô
û˵Ȼһ֣һĹâ˴Ѫʥ佨ϵ
ˮӿǻݻκлǵ꣬ھСѪʥ꣬ԵֵˮӵʱƵģʱһɵÿɰСܿɾҪˮӸɰ׳ˣ
ЦʧѪʥڵҲʧȥ֧֣ʧˣѪʥٴƿԼ塣
ôңѪʥѾû˸ղһеȣȡ֮һ޷ݵĿ־塣
˴ѪʥʼѪʥڵ굽˴ڣͮͮĹâѪʥӿһ˴ڡ

ѪʥһİեһѪʣӣᵽĿֲˡ˵Ǳ壬Ƿǣ걣ֶܹͨʵ
ǻˮӣֱӴ귽壬ûκεĻỹġ
ҶҶҶˣֻҪңʲô԰Ѫʥ·ˮ֮ץסһþһҶȡ
ͱĻΪ´ҶΣԺѵõԱһԲڣѪʥӣ̲ס˵ҶֵܣľѪʥҲܼһյʱ䣬Ǹô찡
Ҷ°˵ûô򵥣㿴ˮǼ˴ͱһ˸Ҳ³Ҳߣ˵˴һһΪĻƲŻġͻᴥء
һü˵ô찡˴ֲ˶೤ʱˣǻӣҲ
Ҷο˴ʹѪʥӹһĨȻȻɫ
µֻǿɻˮһ;ˣڰнӦмһ㣬򲻿ɽӽңĻֻһ𱻻ˮӸˡ
ͷʾҶεİšҶο˴ŷͷӻһԾ˴˹ȥ
֣Ҷλûнӽ˴ڰʹ֣Ҷϣְܹ˴ץܹڰзɹˮӡ
Ӳӵצ˴ץȥȻ˴廹Զ˴£ˮ


1440 ǿɻˮ
⼸ˮ𣬶Ҷηγ˺Χ֮ƣȻ䣬⼸ˮֹȥͼˮĽӲӵ־Ȼˮķ飬⣬ˮһ䵽˻ˮ
ûҶȻҶθоһѪĳ嶯вӿ˴ߵѪʥҶҪʬεĸо
ѪʥһҶεŵúƻɢһ㣺ҶˣǧҪˮԻǻˮиӰ쵽ˣҪǰɱˣ˴ɼֲ˶೤ʱˡ
ҶθϽ۾ܳ嵽ʶУܵĹ£ҶζٸеѪϽ־ȥץ˴
˭֪Ҷһᣬ˴ﾹȻ˿ҶҲ̫ƾҪ̫˴ǿҲܲ𰡡
Ҷε۾Ѫʥ𣺡ô£
ҶҶˣˮ˴壬ҵ겹˴ٱˮգ͵ǴҪ˴ͻˮӵһӵ
ҶγͨԵ˴µĺ˾һ貵ĵâŷӲӽ⣬źնȥ
ŵâ˴ĺ˶ȻһҶζٸдץס˴ϴһɾ޴Ҷξ͸оԼҲһϽȶסԼ塣
ˮһһƴ˴ˮקͬʱѪʥҽʢЪ˹
Ҷο˴ѪʥĹɫĹâֱ͸һѸӿ뵽˴ڣѪʥڲС
ȻѪʥһãһͨڣںڱ֮ĶӦþѪâɻˡΪ겻ϱߣѾ޷Σԭģ
һˮҶεΧֳһεˮǽɶߣˮǽ˼֮𽥱պϣȻҶ˴ﻹѪâɻ޸սȥˣ
˲䣬Ҷβٿʶھ£֮е֮ܣֻжܹƣ

ܴ֮߷ĹЧֱǲġһâҶεֱϱųɲǼһɿʮɳһƬ𺣣ڶĻˮˮȻ˴룡
һֱ˶ͷŹ棬˲Ҫٴαպϵˮǽϡ
һ죬Ҫպϵˮǽͷ忪һɶľ޴ӣҶηһֻ˴һֻקŷ˳ų忪ĿӾͷ˳
ء
һĲҽУѪâɻ޸˴뿪˻ˮУգۼ䣬ͱһȭͷСĶȻⶫȻ죬ڻˮбѣգۼڻˮС
ȻҶθоԼķ˴ЩˣˮϱУҶεͷһԭǻˮӻ꣬һڲС
ҶֵܣˣſҰɣǼӲ˴Ҳ°ɣҶֵܣѾˣֵܣһ޺ˡң㻹ԼҪΪˣ
ұ죡Ҷδһûаѵϰߣ
кҵΪѾ˴룬ˣˮӻһξ룬ŪȥǲҲǷˡҶֵܣѾһʱûʵıӣҲٹӣȥɣְɣ
죡ҶμˣҲҪǣҲа취ϻȥָ
Ҷһ߱ܣһʹó˴ָʱ貵Ľס˷˴ڴָ£˴ͷڲϻָ
֪ҶԼԼ˴ָ壬˫ˮϵ䣬ȴҧأҷκε»Ӱ쵽ҶΡ
ҶθеһѣΣʹóǿιͳĴָҶθоڲʧ˫ϵ˴ͷҲоԽԽˡ
ɣҶһסܽһ԰˹ȥ
飡Ҷŷ˴ˤ䵽ӲĺӶ԰ϣҶθеһѣΣ˹ȥ
ôһˤ˴ﱻˤˣãȻܣķлԹȥҶΡ
˴ϽһֻһƴҡҶκͷһ֣Ӹ磬Ҷ磬ôˣǿǧˣҿô찡
ʲôúõҲˣұ죡ۼ˴̲ס
˴ﱻһʱҳŷ۾ˮ
һҲ̣˵˴Ҷֵûд󰭣ιȥˡΪ˾ƴųġ˴Ҫ԰úϢһ£Ҫٿ޵ĻɾܰҶ޻ˡ
ĺƭ֮ԣ˴ŵòᣬ˴Լ޳ϽֻסԼ͡
ס˴Ҷε壬ҶȻʲôû⡣
ŷһתͷ˻ˮӣͺǼ˹һë
طۻǿˡ˵ţһקҶΣһк˴һ߽ڵããռС


1441 Ů
ܵʲôһĨڣҶߣͿ·ʱ΢һߵ˴Ҳˡ
ߵý꣬һ񱻰һӣϵҶη˳ȥȷʱɵˣΪͿҶˤĶȥˣ
ȻһֻţɵôϲʹҪվ
˭֪һŮĸǧĸǲǣ
ţ͸оԼԴǱǧʯɨһһʱвãϽһȳ򣬲ڰסΡ
ԭǸɵĺӣɣСӣԻкùӳԵġ
󺧣ԼĺצϵĴץȥ
һ͸оԼצץʯһûиԷκε˺ԼצȻʹ
СӣǺܲ԰ǻİƤ˳ˣ
⻰͸оԼ屻һߣҲһܵĽӴ
ջ񲻴һͷһɵĺӣǴȥúһ
оԼһֻץסţ߷죬·Ƽһǰȥ
ʱߵŨˡȷ֣һа˳߶ߵĽ˶Ůӣһֻ˴һֻԼڰзУٶȼֱǷ۵糸һ㡣
Ůӻǽһཱུ壬壬첲ӣһĴȣִѾӣཱུĴϣһüëüëһ˫۾ر𣬾ȻɫĹâ
ͷ棬һ˭ηĴ죬һܹɭɭݣͣõľ󰡡
Ůһ˷ƨϣݺ˵Сӣ붯˼ҪߵĻץͰĳˣ
˵꣬ת˴ҲһţϽϽɽǶкܶҪأúøɻȻͰǵɸˣ
ϽסЩֵ˴໥ţŮһͬɽߡ
ҪɽʱŮӴŷһ䣬ʱǰһʮŵͥԺ
ӢӣӢӣȴڼóĵ
䣬ڶһòŮӣԺĴѾͷǹġ
ѾͷߺͿϾǵͬģߵÿˣһƤ
ָҴʲôóԵˣҿЩˡǸѾͷָͷŮ
ԳԳԣһ֪ԣ㿴㶼ʲôˣ»ܳĵطôôȥߵ߲ˣѾͷӣϸɽɽģ˭ԸȢŰѵҪźһô
Ůӵ׺ԶĹŮҲҪһ㡣СӢҲգŮӴķ˴ߵĿˮˡ
ͷ󣬹ҳһˡ˵ţСӢĿˮǺˮһֹֹסˡ
ŮӺȵԻɲܳԣĶȥôõϽٲ߲ˡ
СӢˮῴ˴˵ôôóԵĶ˼
ŮЦǸûУֻҪܹץͿ԰ˡ
ҮҮһСӢŽе
ŮӳŷЦҲˣܰɣֻҪܹ㿪СӢץܻȻʱƵģֻҪܶһʱ׷ͿԻһ죬ÿҪɵ
˵ţŮȻڷǰһƣһƵǺܴ󣬵ȴڷһǳǳӡ
ŮЦµļǺţܵߣҲܸоźšñܣȻץһųˡСӢԿʼˡ
䣬һСӢǸƤһڵһµ˷ǰཱུ־͹ץ
ɰѷŻˣû뵽ȻôٶȣʹСӢǴϴĿֲѿҲ֪һץԲԼֿܹģ
æ֮УԱߴһһչᣬ˰֮С
СӢЦһȻԷɿٶȷɽ˷
ɵĺӣôӳҵģ㣬һҪųˣ
СӢôҲܷ壬ʵпᣬСӢܷɣҷеٶĿ࣬ķٶȾ͹ˣȴСӢ׷ϡ
ͷһݣһ㣬ֱ߷п϶ǲеģȡСǶתķзʽһδΰѾ׷СӢ˦
СӢ۴еӲú÷ɣץס
Ůץס͵öӣ㣬ôпᣡܿһʱһûǸ£
СӢˣ֪Լ費κεıʾھֻʣһ·Ǿǰѷץܹһ٣


1442 ǿ
ЩɲˣСӢȫ׷ǿСתķмɰСӢ
СӢȡ˶ס֣ĲԣûܵâڱĸоȴúǱ
¶㲻ȥ˰ɣ㻹ܣ
ʱȻһȣâȭ
һ죬СӢһ󵹷˺üɣǵӰȻ󵹷ʮɣ
ۣ˧簡˧磬ûн飬ûʲô鰡
Ŷԭ˧ֵܰǾͲƽˡ˧磬ҿ㻹ǵҼҸҽ飬Ϣһ£ưɡ
ҶαѪӿһһĴô˵вһ񺮡
ҪʵһϵĻҶλͲ»ʲôͻ״ˣڣڻˮǿУʧϻˮӵ˺Ҷֵֻʵ
ʵڷҶˤȥʱҶξѾתѡŮӸʹŹ˴Ҷȫ֪
ֻǸʱҶ᲻ֵֻƾһзֱŮ°߷˴֮ҶβܹԻһ塣
ָһʵΪķ˴İȫҶǿԼʹŮµټһ·׷
ҶοǼʶŮӵ֪ͣԼóȻȥȷʤδ֪ԼҪȥֻܰлָԼʵҪѰȷ
˭֪СӢȻѷƵ·ȥˣҶ֮£ֻó֣û뵽һѾͷʵȻҲ쳣ǿԺһ£ȻҶθˡ
ȻҶεʵֻ֣ܰҶθˣҲ˲õʵ
Ҷο󷢻յСӢٿߵķ֪ҪǶǿĻ϶ûùӳԣԷ˵ȥ˴ﻹŮء
иһĨ֮ɫ쳣˵ҶֵܣģҪǳ˱ƻҾɱ㣬Ȼɱ˵ʲôҲҪȫ١
ҶһѪûⶼĶĶЩʱ뷨ǲ
Ҷ䵽˵棬СӢܵŮӵǰһγֲҡΡ
Ů˵Ǵ³ҲйŮˣһСӢӣϾ֪Ůôˡ
˾ʺ㣬СӢɱˣҾͰ඼ˡŮӷǳпԿ˾ĵġ
СӢϵԲ۾еΪʲô㿴˧ðһӿ¶ˡͳȫҰɡ
Ů˫Ŀ⡣âʢ˵СѾѾ֪ʲôΪ˧䵽³㿴СӣüӢˣѱԷǳǿˡӰƲ
СӢЩˣеⲻǻôֻҪڣʲôƲ˰
ŮӺ޺ֻ̾Ǳܵش˲ŻҪĻָʵҶ˵ǲĶ֣Ӱθ˭ϲǣεĸĺ֮㿴ǿ¾ǧ񰡡
Ҷﾪ֣û뵽ȥ׺ŮӣȻϸ緢׼
СӢҶΣֿŮ˵ɣ˧翴ȥĺƣôһúˣô˵أ
ŮӰСӢһƿҶЦˣƭҹŮƭңۿߋʲôûмԻҹŮǸ
Ҷ̲ס˵ι˵ɵýʲôԻŮӼһֱڣҿһ仰Ҳû˵㻹
ߋԳЦСӣҹŮľʵãܹҹŮڲĻһԳȫСŮĺ¡ǣ̫ǿˣҲòȰɵŮ롣
СӢһϽܵҶεǰ嵲סߋ㲻ɱҾҪ
ߋâһץסСӢؽһ˦֣ȻСӢ˦ȥʮԶ
ߋҪǰʰҶεʱȻһ·һ
Ҷηȫȫʩչ˴ʱһĿĹâߋϣҶεʶҲѸŴչĹâ뵽ߋʶС
ľ飬ʱͿ԰ߋڵȫ
˭֪ҶκȻоһҫ۵âеһʹĴ쾹Ȼʧˣ
ߋ˴γɵĹȦҲǳ˾óߋҲǾ겻ѡ
СӣҾ˵൱ݶģҪһЩۣ¾ҪˣСӣǸĻ˵ʲôҲҪˣ
˵ţߋǰһҶγ˹˴һæһһҵߋǰȴߋһ֣ȭѷ˴ɳʮԶ
ߋһѾҶεǰһ־ҪץҶǰ½


1443 Ӱ
Ҷδ󺧣ԼʵսУͷʱ̣ɻûܹڽһһʱܹ϶Լγơ
ߋۼҶαԼһֻӰζһҶεǰϡ
ʱҶξǶߵķһɳȥʮɲˤ䵽ϡûҶӦߋѾϵ̧ţҶεز¡
ҶǹǱˣûȴԷĹѾˣҶ֪Էǿֻܾ͵һ㿪ߋһȡ
ǣһҶξ뵽˾ԵıУߋ˶쳣һҶξֻڵϷߋĽŲȣ˵ǷˣĻᶼûС
ʱ򣬷˴ѾվһҶôǱŭ𣬹лߋ
ߋĴǼ䱩Űģۿų˴ͷһ̧־ͰһץסȻ߸߾𣬺ݺһˤ
Ȼ죬˴ͷ뵽浱УޱǿҲˤΰأ
˴ͷӮõһʱ䣬Ҷڵÿմӵˡ
ߋֱ켶ģҶѾ
ʯ̨ʱ˴ҪҶǿڣߋҪ˴ﻹҪ̬ҶλҪǿ鲻ûпܣû
Ķ֣ɲܲȡһĹˣƴ壬ŰҶڵʱ޷ָģǿмһЩһιɴʧˣķЧô
ЧҲô
˴ͷ֪ߋĹЧɻ޷˽йûģΪҪҶηֵѹ
ʱ˴ͷʱʧȥսˣҶ˵ʲôҲҪƴΪԼΪֵܣûʲôǲģ
Ѫ֣ҶۼҪɳˣϣһƱâ˸գۼ䣬âҶεȥȡ֮ǲӲӵĽâ
ߋıʸһԭҶѾʣ°ˣСӲ֪ʲôطȻܹ˵ơ
ҶθоԼڷżҵײЩҵײҶθоһɹۻ籡
еУΨĸСҪ֪ʵЩҪʹóԼҪӦĴۡ
ֶֻͨΣſܳĻơǰʱйһַǲȡȼվѪķ
ߋâһʲôôЧãĸûôС
ҶҧͲ֪ˣȻҪֵܵҲֻܸƴˣ
˵ţҶεвӿ䵽Լұ֮ϣȻһȭ

һҶεұϣ籡ֱӾͻһƬ𺣡
𡭡
һƳһֻ޴ͷӻдŹߋ͵س˹ȥ
ߋЦһֻһɴᣣ
ߋ˫֮Уֳ⣬ᣬߋǰγһɴһᣡɴߋǰҡҷԴǰһֵﻹݵڵһ
޴ͷһײɴᣣʱͷĽ䣬ƬɴҲͷĳ³ѵɴᣣƬ̣Ȼ飬˵ɢڰ֮С
û뵽»ֲܹĹҵľûģ첻ɱ㣬ǾõĻ
ߋɱһŨɫĹâŨļµĵز
ӰߋŨصɤߋбââ໥ƣڰɢͺһӰһ㣬Ҷڡ
Ҷζٸһ޿ɿܵԼ˷ԼѹɫӰӣͺӵĴɽһҪԼѹƬ
Ҷ˫һ壬ʱҶεĽŸ˺صĻЩӰһ㼷
ĻҶεΧһռ䣬Ҷһ㴭ϢĻᣬǣصķȴǷ˿ֲ죬ߋӰγɵǽѹ̫ˡ
ߣСӣû뵽廨ŵֶλ治ٰھԵʵǰûаģ
ߋĻ൱̶ҶҲòϣߋԼĶֵУԼûЧֶεһǿĶ֡
ҶδϢһ£ȻЩζǣӰѹʵ̫ˣԴڻмûбƹ
죬ӰĲϼѹ£γɵǽתٶһңصǽʼӶ˲ϵ
ҶͷһݣǷҪǰףҶθϽһϹ䵽С
ߋʱҲǰľӰδʧֵľû뵽ѾѵСӣȻֶͨΣôʱ䡣
ӰѾһҪСӸɵһҪСˣʵԼŮ˵ǾһĴڣ


1444 Խ

ߋһ쳹صĺʱӰâʢҶεĻ˷ļѹ
֨֨
ΧҶߺصǽʼɿµҶƴǽ޷ٵֵӰļѹ
䣡
ӰǿҼѹ£ΧҶߵǽȻ飬Ӱ˲סҶΣһӰҶγ֮С
˷ӰҪҶθѹһһƴѹҶҲоԼΪ壬ӰļѹڲС
ѵѾôҶţƮ
ȻɻɳһĿռУȻһâ֣âĹԽԽʢγһõӰӡ
Ѫ꣡Ѿȴǰʱ࣬Ӱ󶼿ˡ
ǰǰҶŸӰϵٻ
ǺǺǣСӣܺðӰܹ˵óҶǺġ
Ҷβ˼Цʲôðڶ˸ˡ
Ӱ֣˵ⲻĴΪԷʵ̫󣬲ŻᵼĽ
ҶҲòϣߋʵȷʵƽĶ֡
Ҷγһ˵ǰҪ޷ߋʵЧĹ˴ҲȻߋˡ룬ȫʢʱ򣬸ߋսҲδؾܹ¡
ǺǺǣʶϵˡ㣬ڶԪӤ˾ٵƱھôĸдģӰûлشҶΣҶ⡣
Ҷһ˵ڵĸдǣ˵ĺһΪ磬ǰΪžԵѹѹãĴ󾳽߶ϣп羳սϻúܲҡ
˵ҶĺȻһ˵ǰĪ˵ҸߋΪ̫Զ
ǺǺǣ˼֪ߋҪȫʢʱʵôһĳֲߡڣߋԭʵʮ֮һ񣬿ȡ
һ
ҶαӰĻסˣһʲôҲ˵ǣһλޱţˣ
пܾǼٸǧԴӶһհһǿҪӶܳɾͣ仰һ㲻١
ӰЦСӣôˣһĸ־ͰųˣԺĸ֣һĴڣҪôأֱӾͶ
ҶѪڣȻǰʧ̬ˣֻҪǱ壬۶˭ҲҪ
ӰһˬʵЦСӣûпˡǿߣǾԲΪ˭ֹġҪûбҪһֻǶȥҪбҪҪɱ񣡡
ҶιؾϹлǰ̻壬յǳ
ӰЦ֪ôĴǴĹղߋʹóûЧΪû뵽Ϊ˵һȫµľ磬ûķȴġ
ʵƺţǴͳΪᵽһ־硣Ϊͳľ绮֣һӵжٶֵġУ˶߱ʶƣԷƵһ
ͳľ绮֣ԪӤʹ˾Ϊһˮ룬һͻƵһıǾԾţһԾˡ
ڴ˾Ʊھһ˾ܹγ磬ӶƱڣͷ賤ܹ
½ԪӤǶĴڡ磬һ֣Ʊǳһĸ֣
ܹ޷賤Уͳľ绮ֶЩϸǾڴﵽһҪٴԼΪͻƵ
Ϊ磬ҲôͳΪ绮ֵ˳֮ΪΪ磡
Ϊ֪ҲΪǿȷǣһĿռƶԼĹ򣬶ƶͬʱԷһЩ
һ˵κĴڣܴﵽ硣Ϊγ֮ƶġ
Գ񼸺һɵΪȱ̫֣ͻİг
ʼڣǣҲ
һϣһּΪĹ֣ܳǾܹͻһЩͨķ򡣾ͺҶζߋʹĴߋ˲ͻİṦܣӴݳ
һ⣬Ҷͬһ㡣
Ҷ˵ǰôһ˵ҾˣǲҵĴУʩչͬʱߋܹ˲ӱ򣬴Ӷ˴õôһּ󡣿ǣӱܣȴûôһֱʩչ
ӰЦ֮Ĳ𣬾ֻ˲ӱܷߋܹһֱӱܵĻءֻҪܹߋжƶǰ£ûа취Ӵѡ
ҶλȻԭ
ȻҶ뵽һ⣬˵ǰôˣǲѾ˰


1445 ߋʧ
ӰǺЦҷãȻǿ̶ȲߋһرĺôǾ޸ļ޵Ĺ֧š屻ѹʱʧֲ
Ҷ˴ϲô˵ĳѾǲĴˣ
Ӱ쳣˵ǧҪ뷨ڻܹΪĹ֧ŵߋʵֻԭʮ֮һܹչֳȫʵٶȱȲٶȣ޸Ҳ׸
һҶЩ˼˵ǰôǰأ
Ӱ˵Сӣǿ԰Լ֪һо鶼ޱ㣬ǣеյĽҪԼֻͨǿߵ·һССĴֻۣܹͨһ۵Ŀ飬ܹǿߵ۷壡
˵꣬Ӱ𽥵ʧˡ
ҶƾոӰʧķ򹧹˼ͷҪ֪ӰҶεָ㣬ǿǵʯɽĵ㾦֮ʣ
Ҷοͷʶ۲ڵһС
ӰָһߋӰҶε˺Ǿ޴ģǣҶεܵ˺֮ԼٶȽ޸
˺޸ƽн
Ҫ飬ҪߋӰаѳҶĬĬԼĹȻҶһ˿С
ҶڸӰļѹ⣬ҪӰļѹͱҪðգֳһ
뵽ҶȻһָӰһʱҶξ͸оΧ޴ѹ強ѹÿ죬Żܼѹһ˲䣬ҶʹԼ
ˮգ
ҶʹóܣĴҲǲƵģҶλĹؽڷǰɰɵľ죬ѾʣҲһͱˣ
ߋ׾ˣŴӰѳҶΣֱģԼ۾һǲԼˡ
ҶδϢ˼ڣߋ˵Ҳþ棬Ӱδʧ֣Ϊ㻹ûܹʧֵˣ
ߋϣӾȱʮֲֿ֮ɫ
Сӣ㻹ҹĿ࿴ԽҾԽˡߋǴĳ仰
ҶЦӰǿֶΰɣܰ㻹ʲôֶŪأ
ߋɫȻתЦߣСӣޱǿᣬ£ҲŰ񻹲ǰɣ
СӣﶷԵ̻֪һ£ʲôǿᣡߋһ߽ţһ߷ǰڽҶΣȭŲãû硣
Ҷϵ¸ߋӲӲ˴ߋˣС˼ȭŹһߣˤͷǱü
Сӣͦģ֪ԼУôҪвʵ̫󣬾ƾһҲĹ㣬С̫ã첻ˣһҲ˯þˡ
䣡
ߋһȭҶεؿڣҶαһȭ÷ɳȥʮԶɽ֮󣬰ɽײһӲͣ
ߋЦŷһְҶקݺһߣһŲסҶΡ
Сӣգ꣡ɣߋķҰģһְֻסҶεԴš
׵âڼ˱£ҶηԼĸϹ
ҶεһԼȫϹֶΣҶε棬˲âЩâһ˸ŵâꡣ
ЩٶȲǺܿ죬ΪҶθߋľ֮ŵâܿߋϡ
ߋʱһߋ˺Ǻܴ󣬿ɵâȴԵĹܣһ˲䣬ߋ͸оֵģ᲻
Ҷȴûгһ˲ߋһֿסߋߋһ

ҶεϣӿŰ׵ĹâϾͰߋ
ߋ֪ô£ҪϽѴâİȴΪâãһҲ᲻
գۼ䣬ɢĹâ޿ײؽ뵽ߋߋ͸оԼΪ糱ˮһҶεķӿȥ
ⲻܣСӣѾľˣôʩչǿĹߋЩţѾоԷʣ޼ˣôԷˣ
ҶεЦӦͻ˰Ϊ磬Ӧ֪Ǳɣҵڣ¸ǰıѪ꣬شʱ򣬻շ޵Ǳܡ˵ģҪлһУû㣬һʶߣ
Ǳܣôܣһ˵ǱȻ޵ģǣشʱûֶΣǾԲܼģҪȻܹΪˣ
ҶεЦʵҲЩɵģҴӰʱ򣬾һֱڻҪһıǮܹСһĻҲδزܱܿķˡ


1446 Ա
ڵâ£ߋٴܵĹʱѾûȥѴİˡ
ȴȫչߋȻ׵缼ܵðѳѾ޷չĴˡ
ѵûʲô˵ôҶ̲סʵ
ߋЦһ˵ʲô˵ģԼѡ񣬵ȻԼҪеˡǰûǵѡ񣬻СһԼΪʮΣյĶ֣ɻ
ҶεͷûֹͣߋΪİᣬȴ˵ѵŮҲûʲôҪôϾΨһˡ
ߋ۾Ứ˵ԸΪҵŮһУܹһĻȻĵġǣ֪ǸɱϵˣһֻҪвһҪնݳѵô
Ҷˣ̾ǰ͸˵һĶ֣δʳѰĸоΨһܹҰĵȷѡ񡣡
ߋǿס˵ŹŮɣǸԻ޷𣬶ҲγκεвȨ£°ɡ
ҶЦնݳǶİɣڣҲǸԻ˳У˭֪һԻʲôأ׵İ취
ߋ̾Ϣһ۾Ҳ˵ˡ
Ҷ˵ĻûдȻѾˣǾҪһɱףκεһ˿أǾпδԭ֮
޵Ǿܹ˷ģ
ȻâɢߋٸһɣȻԼΪѾ뱻ˣǲдЩΪԼû⣬ܹ
ߋҶΣҶεһص飬֪ҶηԼһ
㲻ôߋƽʵ
Ҷһ£ͷҡҡͷ˵ߋ㲻ҪĴҷһΪŮղɱҵʱΪ飬Ҳǻһѡ
˵ҶκȻоԼӿһɼѾľյʱͻȻ䱬
Ҷϸ̽飬ȴԭԼһЩܡܵУҶֻһЩΪԾ֮ܣ
еնݳȴһ·ǷǳϿɵģҶܵĽ
Ҷ˵ֱѩ̿Ҫ֪֮ܺڿҶİܣͿܴ֮߷תûκεĸãҲ˵ԼԺܿˣ
ʱСӢѾߵߋߣһߋɪɪžֵҶΡ
Ҷε˵ԱΪʲôԭûŮԵʣضҽҶΣԺűĻҡ
Ҷ΢΢һȭҲߋ˵תȥ˴
ȻˣӲˣҶθµҩûдˡҶҪŷߣȴȻߋס
ҶηԼһߋĴмģҶεҪʲôܵĻһСæ
Ҷ֪ߋȻޱѲûرصĻҲıˡҶξͰԼĿ˵ߋ
ߋüͷ˵ǰȷʵǼһܹ˾ҲżˡʱҸоʮΣգûп̽ˡ
ҶεͷӦþǶˣ֪ûпȥʲôطˣ
ߋһ˵ҾԶԶĿţнķ޾ɭֹȥģҾ֪ôˡ
Ҷüͷһ˵޾ɭ֣һʲôĵط
ߋϸֳһ˿ֵɫ˵ǿǸ쳣ΣյĵطҲ֪ǰ֮Ĺԭһ򣬱֮еĴԼԴԼأͱ˵ҵĵ̡Ȼгĵεġ
ҶκȻ뵽һ⣬Цʵ֪Ƕİ񣬿ҿûʲô𰡣ô£
ߋƲһ˵СҶҲǳˣӦ֪Ϊ磬쳣ǿģ䣬ҲһЩֻ꣬ҪڣܹһЩ취ôǰͱȷңֻ֮ԭ߳ɵΪȡ
һ̾ϢĶʵ̫ˡҶܹߋ̾ϢΪͨ޸֪һô׵顣
ҪҪǰһǴʵ̫ˣ
Ҷߋ˸Уת˻⣻ǰ޾ɭж˽⣬ܷ֪һ
ߋһ˵ҵĽһǲᵽġֻ˵֮ĹңŸҰĳԭסϣЩҴĴڣǹҵǿڣҵɽ˴ȥԴ
Ҷεͷһ޾ɭֵĴ巽򣬱ߋСӢ𣬴ŷ˴һ޾ɭֵķ


1447 ׾ӵ
н·һƬϡϡľҶǰ
Ȼָһе쿴иӣ
Ҷ˳ŷָķһȻһᲱ£һӣ滹д֡
ǰҶβ㱻ˣҲһľ壬滹ľ̿һĶŤŤдĸ֡޾ɭ֡
Ҷΰʶͷųϸ̽Χȴûκεķ֣Ҷĥôһµʱ򣬺Ȼе쿴壡
Ҷ˳ŷָķһӵɵˡһϸС֮һ߸ߵľӺʲôʱǣܹء
˳һ·ҹȥβһõԭľݼ㣬ӦһϾͻʹԭľɳ򴥶ˡ
Ҫ˵صԭҲɾ̫ŪˣֻҪ۾ϹĴڣǲײȥġ
ҶκȻ뷨һʱرǸõԭľҶη˹
ûҶκηӦǸõԭľȻڷеİкȻѣʱһľҶ˹
ޡ
ԭľĻҳ÷ܲˬǺ¿ˮһɸľͷζʱҶΧ
ôģ˭Ūôûм壬̫ӵˣûԭľţȴǳһӵĻң
һ˵ţһĴϵĻҳ
ȻҶθоĻҳ뵽УȻЩƮĸоҶδ󺧣Ҫ֪ҶοʦҩǳϤһЩҩܹϷ
ҩҶεΪڻĸо׾ӵ壬ǼΪľƵ壡
ҶθоȵסҪ
ǺִܿҶεľ棬˴ȴһãȻɵɵʵҶ磬˵ʲô
䣬˴;ͷؽᣬһˤڵأأţǵĿˮ
ҪǰȴҶסţҶҲһڵϡʱףҶҪװԵˡ
ǣס˺Ҳװ֧˵ϡ
һһԴøһĴҡҡڰ˹Դһ£Աߵľ˺üţ󹦷ֹʮˡ
ιӣô£ֵܹʲô°ԶԶģһһļһŹԴе
ŵԲŽô˰Դû˵
һɵõһ˵ôǴͷЩֵܣҲδܹȥӣٽЩ췢ˣŪȥĴһ϶ǻ˵ġ
Դм˵㲻˵ô˸ʲôô֪Ϊʲô˰ɣһԣôû¾ܹɧ
˵ţԴߵǿߣ˼š
мˣصҶһæ̧Ҷʼߡ
ҶԸӦһ£ΧЩ˶ʲô֣ߵҲǽڵΪ磬ľҶεѾ㲻ˡ
Ҷδ󲻽⣬ôĵطôôأЩ˴Ӹղųֵʱ㣬ӦǾ뱻ԵĵطԶϣҶû̽鲻
ţ̧˴ʮˣߵһǰǰ˼¡¡𣬵©һ޴ĶѨϢһʯ׳˵ǰ
̧˴ʮˣźӣ̨һߡ̧ŷҶεҲߣİĶѨʪںڰĻУѨҲ֪ҵʲôƵ⣬Ȼܹһޱɭĸо
ȻҶθоһ̨н߶ȵӣȻһţһƬҫ۵Ĺ
Ҷͷ۹ƣǰĳˣЩǰߵ·ϣʮ֮һ޼ʵɭ֣ÿһľʮ˺ΧĲһߣ޾ɭ֣һ޾
Щ˰Ҷ̧ɭֱϣȴûߣǰҶš
ʱһӰڵϵҶ˵Щô
սս˵شˣͷܶʮ˰Ӧǹˡ
˵ǹˣĿǲǲǵ˵ʲô´βĻʹмʲôϿȥȥ
ɴ⣬Ͻ˷һˡ
˺һ֣ɭܳܶĽʣһƤһĶקҶɭߡ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶθон˺ܳһ·žžž֣קƤͣ
ӴҢܵܣʲôһ嵽ͷŮϸ˵
Ңʱû˶ĸ߸ϵĸоȡ֮һʮ㣬ⲻһˣΪ׺ࡣ


1448 ʬ
һʱЩ˵ôǷˣŪ̫ˣȥûĺùӳԡ
ҢЦ㣬ĹӣۺûҶԣǽĹӣСҿ԰
ˣĶȰҪ
ҢԳЦ㣬Ĳôѵ㲻۰ܵô
žһ˹Ң᲻һƣҢɲǿЦģĻܴٲúð£Ƕкӹǵ¶ȵ˵ҿ
ҢŲԸָŵϵҶ˵㣬ͷӦɣ
һ£ḩһҶεƵӴ⻹иô˧СϧˣҪƳʬˡţջ࣬Ǻ磬ġӣǿԺùˡ
˵һ֣Աߵһһģʱʮ˺Χֳ룬һĶѨ˳
ҶΰԾ޾ɭֻаţǻأһŪһѨ治֪޾ɭжԶĵط
̧һӵϴС
ҢݸһЦһ֣ЩƤϰҶקţǸѨȥ
ҢȴṴסļ򣬵Ц㣬ѾˣǲҪ̽һǵ˽°
һҲɹҢڲˡŨʱȻһԵ
ڶʱһһ𣺡λ˰
ҢʱðһķʱȴŅ̀ˣڴһЦЦı鿴
һʱ䣬ҢЩ޴롣ΣҢô˵ҲǸүǣڣѵһ˸סô
ҢŻعָҶκȵʲôˣô˴󵨣ȻϷŪǣ
ҶЦҪİɣǰŪȴ˵ϷŪǣĶĵ
Ҷһץס˹Ң󡣾ǲһҢȻҶθˣ
ҢһţҪȴҶһסҢֻܷʹ
ҶɿҢ󣬰ַڴߣһĶˣҶεƣϽͷʾҶε˼
Լ̲סϽԼԼסˡ
޾ɭְɣǣʲôҶʵ
ҢҢ˭뵱˵Ǹˡ
ҶЦ˵ǺãѨиϴأǵ˼Ҫӽȥ˵ĻҾͰӽȥҲһһˡ
һҶô˵ҢȫˣϽȿֺҪ˵
ҶȻɫһ˵ղŻûԸ˵ô˵ˣһ˵ٺ٣Ůʿȣ˵ɡ
һͷ˵ˣ̷ͳ£һֱҪ޾ɭϵԼ£һ⡣ܹѻƳʬ⣬ܹΪս°Щ壬Ǿ͸ӽϴء
Ҷˣɵüͷһ˵ʬ⣬ǲǾǰϽЩ
һ˵ǵĴˣ屻͵֮󣬾ҪϴصƣƹĹʹԾͻᷢ仯ֻҪ̷ʩЩʬͻᰴ̷ǰ
Ҷһֵ˼ʬ⻹ҪĲ裿
ͷǵģʱӦ֪һָľ֮Ҫֶ⿪ϴ֮󣬽ⶾ֮󣬾ҪԭеʶȫĨȻٵ̷ļӹ
Ҷˣвɵôŭʬ⣬̾ȻĲ̣˿ûа嵱һأǵһƷơ
ҢϽ˵ˣҽӴıȽ϶࣬˵ɡʬ⿴ȥûʲô쳣ģֻҪ̷ʩչЩʬͻ޷񣬲Ǵ÷ǣͲֹͣ
ĹҢ廰Щʬ⣬Щ˵ûʲôвһҪеײİµˡʬ⣬ĴڶɱԵȵû֧ˣ̷ȻҲֶͨΰѱ˼ˡ
ҶҪ˵ȴ˴˹
Ҷֵܣаҩ˴ǲѰ㿴ô£ż˵
Ҷμһ˴üͷ˵˴ûΣգֻеĶЩ죬ҪƽĻҪϲʱ䣬Ҫ뾡˴ѵĻֻҵ¶˲ܹ⡣
˵꣬Ҷɫ͹Ң룬һкð취ģǲǣ
Ң϶ʱ¶ɫҢ˵ˣ֪˭ȥľ֮ǣﲻĻǳɣⶾǸ˷ǳŹ֣飬ǶٵǸ˰
ҶЦҵǲѼûôһˣ룬һȥǸ˵ģǲǰ


1449 Ե
˵ˣ˾ϴزԶܹŹֵģ̷ɵ֣ΪϣִҪǧҪСİ
˵ļ϶ҢϽ˵ˣϼһһǶڲ֪а˾͸ˡϼһҪȴŽ񱣬ϹɾЩܲˣװ΢ЩףͲý뵽ĵ̡
ҶοƴϵˣȻ˵˵ǲ٣ô֪˵Ǽ٣УȥνĶϣҪ˴·˵Ҵ˭ð
Ңһ۳Ĭ
ҶεȻ֪ôģЦҪһأһġ˵Ҹô찡
Ң˶ʱζʲôýѾҲҢҲ˲ʲôˣϽ˵ˣһֱҹȥģԣҪȥĻһĵġ
ŭĿ˹Ңһ˵Ҿ֪һ￿סµͷʱ򣬾͹Լˡкü㲻˵᲻ңҸһȥôڶǰ㲻˵޷ôôʱ˵öϻɵĻˣ
Ң˵ͲҪˣǴ˵Ҫȥˣһƻ˴˵飬ܵô
ʱĿŤһͷ˹ҢúõһԪӤڵĸ֣ȻøһȥӹҢ
ҢʵҪԶŷҢиɱһͷѾ㿪ץӣǰһۣѾǴλĽӽˡҢһȭϢĸ
ʱһһѪгŵɫţһֱһˣȻԼ֣
㣬㡭㾹Ȼôңѵƽʱڶ˵Ļƭ˵ôʵҪʹҢ
Ңϸ飬ЦҲԼĵУҲΪǸĸģԲŻ棡ǸʲôΪӶԵĲôˣȥɣ
˵ţҢĸִȭʱʧȥս
⵹˵͹Ңʵ̫󣬶ΪҢһʹȫ͵ϮһռȻѸʧȥս֣Ĵȥ
ɱ㿴Ŵһ°ɡҶε˵
Ңһʬ壬˶Ѩһˮ죬ҢӽϴС
Ҷֵܣĳ̫ҲǸ硭
Ҷΰڰ֣û˵еɫѾ˾ĵġ
ҢˣǾȥҶϣҰճȻŻô
Ҷһ˵ҪǻĶϣĻҪи⣬ǿɾͲ˵ˡղŵʬ⣬ѾǸӽϴأٽһЩվǰǣ͵һ취ġ
ҢϽ˵ãʹĴԼƣнɵ죬ʱʮʬ⵽ߡ
ҶĵͷԹҢЦܺãܻ£ңҪǲĸҰ¡
Ңηɫ۾תҶΣһӴҶʱ򣬹ҢٸԼʶ·뵽һ㡣
˲䣬һӰһĶ뵽ʶС
Ң󺧣֪ҶβʲôֶΣӣҶƳɿһ
󣬴󡭡ˣҶǾ޶ĵģҿǾľ£ɲҢʶѵʱ򣬴е
˰죬ҶηֹҢû˵ѣڽȡõϢҶβûѡȫɾҢļ䣬ǴӹҢļгùҢ岻ܶ
Ҷ˹Ңһߵϴرߣ쳣ׯ˵ߣﵱԼĶͷҢ֪ж׽ϴУΪߣҪΪԼĶе㻹ǺһϴϴԼɡ
ҢŵüɢʶȻѣܶڲԣֻԼ屻׽ϴС
ʱϴУҢ屻һŨҵĭ֣ȻûйҢǣ˭ܸоҢž޴ʹࡣ
Ҷʩչ̼䣬Ҷξͱ仯˹Ңӡ
ָҶΣ˵Ҷֵܣû뵽㻹Ĺ֪˼ôô
ҶЦѾ˹Ңм䣬ʲôƿ֮Сίһˣװûʶӡ
ЦʲôίǺ°Լ·̧ţ⻹˵ô
˵ţһɣ۾
ҶΰմӹҢнȡϢֵЩʬ⡣ЩʬҶεĿ£˴ͷ̧޾ɭֵȥ
ϣҢлƽҶΰղ裬
Ӧ䣬һ𣺡ϹлʲôͷӶõúܣòô
û£Ҷξ͸оǰӰһһɷһ߳ǰҪǲ֪֪ף۾һ󣬻Ϊһʴȳߡ


1450 ֮
Ҷ͵͵۲ŶϵһһϣÿһԽ⡣
ǣΪ棬ҶθоһĪΣգָоҶ˼ΪֲĶʱһĸо
ǣҶθо˶ϵĹ죬ȴ޴ӷֶʲôطĸо
ҶξΪǿֻҪҵʵĻᣬÿסϼһȻûϢ˴
ǣϸͲҶΣҶһۣǿҶΣҲһҶθûлʩչ
첻ȻŪôһҢҪõĽˡһһֵܹһٸѰķ
ȥϵܲղһƨӣȻ˿޵Ļ
ֻһ²Сආѣȵ϶ĸ߲أԺ󣬻Ҫ϶չءҶθϽǫһ£ϼһѲĺܣ˵Ļûдġ
ϸһ˴ҲҶΣֵҢһ£ͷŪ
Ҷһ֪ҪԼʲôæǼȻԷ˵ˣҶβòǰҪԼæ
𽥿ϵĹУҶȻֺܲõԤУҶҪͣ½Ųʱ򣬶Ȼһָ̧֣һָ絯ֱҶεϮ
ָ磬ҶεﲻСһǣһָ統УȴһŰɫķĩƮɢ̼ɢ
Ҷθæ˵γһһ߶೤֡ǣǰɫķĩմϣȻûܵκεӰ죬ҶεƮ
һʱ䣬ҶξޱȣϽˣ˾롣
еĺâһתҶΣʵ˭ƭң㻹ǵһ
Ҷջ˱±仯Լӣ췴ʵôҵģ
ϰȻСӣı仯ûκεģɹؼǣġǸûоϴصƣȻûʲô仯ȴܹһۿ
Ǳ𶯣ĻҷַӾɱ㣡ҶοҪ˴
㣬ϷʹǸӰ㣬ϿһŰɫķĩȻҲǾ綾ʵϣһɫ޳Ķҩڰɫĩ
Ҷҡһ£һ˵ӰʹһɵڰɢҲûŵζ㲻ƭʲôʹõĶԲǸӰ㣡
ЦСӣ֪Ļأ㣬ϷĶ֮ѸӰ䷽ˣûζˡشô
Ҷҡһ£ۿžҪµȻҶεȻһͦһ˶ϡ
û뵽ҶжӣȴۿҶѸ˹ʵΪȻ޿ɶ㣬޿ɱܣ
飡
Ҷνʵʵһƴ˶ϵϣҶα鷢ˣΪҶһˣȻҶηһ֮£ʮסΡ
Ȼ۵һһѪǣȴ˿ûд󰭵ӡ
ֱǲ˼飡
Ҫ֪һҶһ֮£ǿ϶ǹǶϽۣڸ񽬺һ
ǣϾȻ΢΢˵ˣûб״
СӣϷСˣû뵽Ȼܹͦ¸Ӱ涾һƣҲǶһѵûоԵİյʱ򲻿ɵġ˵ţһѪҶʲôĺˣ
ǿһðµȫɫĴڰ
ϴӴָͳ˻̵ҩۣһȥʱϵϺʢƬ̵Ĺ򣬶Ͼͻָ
Ҷδ󺧣ָŶ˵㣬㾹ȻԼ֮壡ѵͲ򶾵ķô
˫гԹɫ˵СӶڶоҲǳֲܹҵĸ㰵Ӱܹ֮ѣӦʶˣֻǽƾͼƣװжͻʩɱ֣
ҶθϽƮ˴ߣԷе˴Զ㣡
ǣҶν˰죬ҲûжҶζʱףҲ˶ˡ
ɭɭЦϷĵģǵһȻ֪֮壬Ҳ֪ζʲôɣСӣҸϷˣҪг򶾸ʴľ򣡡
˵ţһΣ̧־ҶһƴŶϵһƣɫĶϱЩѸɢѷԲʮɵķΧȫС
ҶθϽ˴ͷ߳Զһ֣øԼߵЩʬȥϡ
ЩʬӵҶηָһţ˹ȥ
һȺûõĶһ
ۼʬ˹ҶΣһ˦֣һźɫķĩЩʬӴɫķĩϾͷ̵ѿҪʬϣ˻ƺɫ˶ĵݡ
һЩʬͱɫķĩˣһ̲̲Ļƺɫŧˮ


1451 û
û뵽ϾȻһ֮塣ֲҶδϸоôΣյĸоԭȻ
Сӣ֮壬ͷţ֪ÿһֶĽⶾôĶ㻹
뵽һĵز˫ֲ˦һŵĶڰɢҶεΧȫĶסˣ
Ҷ˫һ壬ʱҶεĽ»ӿ֣ЩҶΧγһǽҶθˡ
תĻУ뵵â˸ĻǽγһΪصķϵ
СӣȻ̵ķֶΣһϷ㲻ʲôʴǸ𣡡
ŶϵŭڶϵУȻӹһ͸Һ塣ЩҺɽǽ棬̷ǿҵĸʴ
صĻǽۿɼٶһ㱻ʴǽ̲صҲʴǸһʧ
鷳ˣ
ҶʶĶַûκγ·ġҪľǣҶβҶԶʹô֮ҪǱǼֱĽ࣡
̡
ҺʴԽԽ죬ǽѾЩ͸ˣۿžҪʴ͸ˣ

һ˲䣬Ҷ˾ȫ˷أһл
âҶεֱϷɳѻǽжӪȫһƬڰлһչ
ķ£ϷĶȫ𺣷پ𺣵Уһֱ˶ͷŹ棬ȥ
úã˫ǰȦתŶϵ˫Ȧתһɫʰ쵵Ѥڶϵǰγɡ
СӣĶ࣬ϷĶ׼㣡Ȼ˫ǰһƣɫʰ쵵ĴӭŻͷͷ˹ȥ
̡
ųͻԪص˫عȻһһһ鱻ڣ޴ͷòӣͷҲһСȻѣĻ𻨡
СӣΪΪ߾ܹϷô㻹۵úܣϣкܹܶĶҵ֮壬еǶȫСӣʲôֶΣϷʹ
ȷʵпʱģҶ֪Щ涾ȷʵܹȻΪߣö֮ϵоȴѾ˵Ƿ켫ĵزˡ
Ӧ͸öԸһйֶΣԲŻţҲѹֹҢ˵̷ҲҪɵ֡
ˮգҶһŭԼͶ֮䣬ˮ֮أĻǶͷŵٶȣܵӰ졣
ҶԼղˮ֮صС
Ͼ;쵽Χռı仯ߵСӣĻǲȻܹϷٶȸסʲôأҪĻϷȻû취ֻҪ㳢ĵζ
Ҷûᶾϵ䳰ȷϼһΣȰ˶ϵ࣬һâȭ
Ͼ͸оԼǱǧʯɨһʱбŷ˳ȥһһʺƣԵ˵֮ϡ
ʱҶκȻӰһվǰϴʧɫʱҲ˲ԼǱˣҪֲȴǰҶȻſͣԼһһŭ
ŭôľϣֻһģûиоˡ
ϵ۾ЩãȻˣĤܵǿҵĳĿɲǶܵ˺ͷо
ʱ򣬶ϸоԼһ˫ޱ۾ˡ˲䣬Ͼ;Լ·ȫ뵽˫۾С
⣬⡭ô£ôϸо˳صĶͺ֮һ
ĺȻϷ֣һӰӳԺ޼ɵеļ䡣
ҵˣԭ˴֮Ǹľ֮ⶫиľζ֮ͻᶾ࣬ʧȥ֪ҩȻеĶǸӰ㣬Ӧⶾû뵽һȫĶҩٿȫ鰡
ϴ󺧣Ͻʵ˭ôҵ
ǸӰЦҪԸǸСӰϼһÿǼ鷳£벻ĻأŭȰסȻ˿ȻǴ˵㣬ܰסҲֵˣ
ϾˣҪһ壬ȴǺȻԼֶá
һҶεʶӰѾѶϵмȫˣЦԶ˵ϼһڻʲô˵ģ˵˵˶ɱΪƶ޺˶޹ѵѪô
أûбԷƵľЦһǿݣСӣбϷ򰡣ұɿأĨȫļ䣿
ҶЦϼһ湻ݵģ֪ɿ֮˭ҲûзһȫǶĶĨˣ֮岻һܹʶл뷨ɣ


1452 󱦱
Ϻһ˵˼Ҳ䵽ܵġ
ҶεЦϼһף˵ͦݣʵܹڲ׺ݵı֮µǷųʵϣͨĺݻȡּܹǲǣ
ҶΣûкôһΪܶܶģҿԸ֣Ը㵱ūˣֶԸң
Ҷ¶Ȼ֮飬ԼԼеĶ﹥Լ
Ҷ뿪˶ϣԶԶŶ壬ԼƵĶԼ𹥻
ߵǣ֮弫ԣڶʱڸͲȥӦ޾ĥһʧȥܣʹ࣬ǳܹġ
ҶκȻоԼھȻֲһЩܣһصȻ࣬Ҷξϲ֣е֮ܶ˺ܶࡣ
Եһ£Ҷ˴ͷߣڶϼеķһѡ
˴ﵹûʲô飬ߣǷ۾˵ۣҶΣֻ˴ﱳŷǰС
˴ıϣͷ˺ܶ࣬Ц˵ҶֵܣʰǸͷǶ߰
ҶοЦһǰ£Ǹϼһ֪黹٣컹лϡֻ򲢲֪Ҳֻȥ̷ܹ֪
˵ǲҪúóﻮһôʰ̷ˣ
Ҷ쳣ҡҡͷ˵̷֮ǰһҪȥҪȥھϴأ֮󣬻һǱܲĵ㣬ǾԨǰʬһڣǱҪԵġ
һ˾񣬴˴ĺЦҶֵܣһ·ϻ˭˭һԨ㻹ô£
Ҷοһ۷˵ղǸϣʲôֶҲʶˡ㶼ûиĻιȥˣðżķղŰܵġһѲĶ֣˼ɵ̷⣬ͼɻԨط
ˣɵûһҪǰҶ˵ĻԨһΪΣյĵط
ҶֵܣԨʲôط֪ôʵ
ҶοЦ֣ڶϵԺԨһƲҵĵطûбʲôλã£͵ÿԼˡ
һ˵ɾѰˣƵطӰӶһ˭ȥ
˵ţǰһͯĸ˳ȥһ۵СҶǰ
Сʮֹ죬ϣһ˾кӣ£ǳ֩һȡ⺢Ӱװ֣һ裬Ũü۴ݰףҪµȣҪһĸо
ҶΣ̴С˹ȥ
ιСѣʲôܺͰʵ
СԷҲʮֿ۵ͯشﳪأкܶѣҪҳܹôҪȥʲô
һʣǲ֪ôشˡһ·˵ҪȥһԨĵطСѣ֪ôˣû㣬ôƺ㰡
СޱȴĿ˵ҽд󱦱˵Ԩ֪ʲôطȥɡ
û뵽ȻһҶΣ֪òúСߡҶСһֲۣûʲôر쳣ĵط΢΢ͷʾǰߡ
󱦱ֿʼĸ裬ǰ·ںš
ţҶȻоԼӾһ״۾ܹΧеķ򣬵ǰԽԽԶ͸оӾĵطȻѾûбĶˡһɫӰǽεض𣬶ǰĵ·䣬ͺҪߵصһ
СģҶһߴȣһ߷˴󱦱
Ҳо˲ԣʶҪȥץ󱦱Ȼ󱦱ƺԤڷץʱһתѾܿ˷һץ
󱦱Сһ죬Ѿס˷˳һ˦ʱڰһչᣬûбˤ֮ϡ
ʱҶѾϵˣ󱦱ͣʱҲ飬һâȭ˴󱦱ļͷ
ȻҶξȵ鷢ˣƴĽâȭ˴󱦱ļҶȴоûһ˿һĸоǻһڵӰһҶεȭͷ壬Ȼ˳Ŵ󱦱崩˹ȥ
ҶθϽסԼΣûǰԶ
һͷʱ󱦱Ѿת˴壬ͼһСȭͷһӣ˴ϴȥ˴ͬСɽһ壬Ȼڴ󱦱һȭ֮ºȻأ
һȭȻûи˴ʲôʵԵ˺ȴҶΰԾ˴ͷʵҶ֪ġ
һԱ񣬾ΪʵΪһ·ϵĶֶһı̬ҶûֶεĻ˴Ҳǿ˶١


1453 Ƶ
ۼ˴ﱻ󱦱һȭŵҶθ߸Ծڰһƺݺ󱦱Դ
źǣҶһĵ˴󱦱ԴϣСһȻʱĳһ̲ˮһ塣Ҷһ֮Ȼʵʵĵ˵֮ϡ
Щˮһ壬һۣҶβԶĵطգۼϳһȫµĴ󱦱
ʥնҶۼͨĹЧקͨԵԽ˷ƼܺʥնһܲЧ

۵ͯЦ𣬾󱦱ڼתķʥնЦûõģҵκεĹ֮£ǿԻĵλȻ󸴻ġͱˡ
󱦱ŴЦݣСһ˵ӭԨǲǾŵطô
ڰз˺ܾˣһĻĻ뵽УȻܾ󱦱ʵ󱦱ţ̲סڰи£Ŵ󱦱ĳץ˹
󱦱ֵСӣֶΣǰ԰ô˸ղô˦ȥˣ
һأ󱦱ûȥץ֣Сȭͷһȭӭŷֺȥһ۶µķȻ󱦱һȭķ죡
ҶζŴ󱦱۾˰˵ҲװŪˣеһУΪռеĵ޵еģԲԣ
󱦱һĴ棬Ц˵򲻹Ҿ˵򲻹ң˵ЩûõĸʲôһսʤĶǰ˵Щô
ҶЦõģ󱦱ʵʵһ˶ޱȵռ䣬ĳܵ磬еǸܵĲ꣬ԼУԼӵзѵô
󱦱еĴˣȡ֮ģһּ
ôֵģ󱦱һӱޱȲϣһ߰ʮ˵Ļһ
ɵģҶνش
һ£󱦱ʵСӣһǺ棬ôܹɵȥɵһģҲǸ
ҶεЦ˴ﶯ֣㶼ʵӲҲȷʵĶ֣һȭܷŵǸҶȴûʹóӲʵʵӲûãܹ׾ٸѵô
󱦱üëһ˵˵ʲôɣƾһЩôҲԽܡ
ҶЦ룬µĲҵʵǿʶΪеУָоȻģȴӵġҸоΧĻʵͬͬԴģԾͱܿ˸ҵĶԿǲǣ
󱦱еɫˣȻ䣬ʹһŤȻһ뷢׵ߡ
ߣСӣʶޱǿӦǸоҸΧĻͬͬԴԲŻĲ²ɣ˵
ҶεͷֻӴΣһǸоˡӦһİʵȻǿ󣬵ⶫɲôûָġµĲʵǿĶ֣쳣ǿĶ֣ǲǣ
仰ɫٱ仯š
ȻЦû뵽ѹаٶĽᣬȻһС޸˵ˡСӣȻ֪ҵ磬ô㻹ܹȥô
ҶȴԾӸµ̬˵һоƿ֮ôıĿɸղŵǸ󱦱Ҫģٴһɣ룬ֻҪɢˣ˵һоͶˣ
һĨŵɫЦСӣ̫˰ɣҵ磡Ҿ޵еģѦȷʵСˣҵУǾаֲҷµĴġ
Ҷ̾ʵѣҲ̷ıһݲ¡㲻ףֻҪϻͷҾͷһ
ѦȻЦʲôһûɣҵУȻ˵һϻôЦôСӣ֪ʲôطôԨҪƻǵĵطҾҪǿĻǣ޸ҵ꣡
ҶοѦȣ̾Ϣ̿ˡɻȻôִԲҲͱĺˣ
ʱҶͷųɵʥ׹ââɢΧɫµĿռȫֽ
ѦȾȵķ֣Լ徹ȻܶˣңԼв֪ķѶѪƵ꣬ˮһӿҶε塣
⣬⡭ô£Сӣ㵽׶ʲôô״ѦȾüֱԸӣͷҲ벻׵׷ʲô
ҶҲûѦͿͰһиѦȡ
ڶԸߋʱ򣬱Ѫ߹ҶΣڰĶ֣ܹ˲ͻһЩġ
ҶʹóĴֻܹԹԱһС
ǵ˰Ϊĸ֣ȴܹʩչһ˲䣬ôһͻƷʱ䡣
Ҫ԰ϵĸʩչҪöڴǵĿռͣ޷ʩչԼϵʱС


1454 
Լһ糱ˮһʧѦںˡ
ղŲ˵ֻҪҿϻͷͷһôͨˣͷһɡͷѦҲڷŵΣʼˡ
Ҷ̾ϢˣӦڻʵ˵ʱΣĹͷҪͷ˭Ļأ
ѦȻ˵ȴԼʶԽԽҪûˣ
Ҳ֪˶ãѦȵӰ񳹵ʧҶξ͸оΧһƬֻصʵ統С
ҶŰעתƵΧȵķ֣Χܼƶ壬˷ԼΧס
һЩƶĶ¶ˣһȺȺʬ⣡
Щʬ֮ǰĻһȫϴŻףűУսжУӰΧΧ˸ˮйͨ
ЩʬţûмҶ𹥻Ҷʮɵľȫͣ
ʬУ߳һģľ٣ҶǰʩҶιô
Ҷһ治֪ԼĴôᴫ΢΢һǷҶڴˡ֪ʲôô
ڴ˹ʩҶӣҼ˵ˣְǰӭҶӣһ𡣡
ˣλֵܴ·ˡ
Ǿ˵ǣһ֣ܵʬϳˮһɢٺҶһͨ
ǰ·һ·ǰУ˴ʮһȫľʵĹǰ
⹬ȫľʽṹģǳϸȻĹҲûʲô𡣾Ϳ⹬ɣҲܹõλ̷һͷĴڡ
ſڵ࣬óЩʵǿϼģƱڵ֣ͨʿǴڵĸ֡
Ƿ棬ͨʿǱ°㹰ĴڣȻֻһʿɼ̷ʵжǿˡ
ڴſڣҶſȥͨ󹦷Ҷ뵽С
Ҷû뵽ǣĹ쳣棬ȴǷǳӣûʲô裬Եôյġ
ΨһɵģǴеΨһһӡӵ棬Ƕһ쳣񿥵
˶ž߳߶ߣҪվһߣǳȳƣǰߴĵһ
һϮۣɫţһ˫òбޣһ˫۾·ܹ͸˵һʨӱǣһŴ죬Ǿǿĳڵģ
ûҶοڣ̷վЦҶΣһΪǿأû뵽Ȼܹö޵ˣȻв֮
̷ɤ˵죬ƣµζ
ҶεЦЩˣҲص档Ҷʹ㣬֪Ҫ¹ʲộֱָ档

̷һЦβ˵ҶӢܣȻǿ˿ȻҶӿżɽҲͲҴˡ
˵̷꣬˰ӣҶ£Ȼ˵Ҷӣʵʵġ
ҶЩʵûɣ˭֪ʵ޾ɭֶͳηΧô£ʲôǰ첻ɵģ⻰˰ɣ
̷Цݣǳ֣˵ȷʵȽϼ֣ҪԵĸְæ쵽ģǣȴƼ㣬˵ֻҪϰæҪаա
ҶӶɳˣʲôȻԼƼ̷ԽԽˡ
̷ҶεɻЦ֪ô£Ҳ֪ĿʲôҶΣҶˣͳһİûбҪİɣ
ҶοЦ⻰佱ˣһأǣűߵزˣ֪жǱ
̷Ц˵ǶĴǵģ㾹ȻѶϺѦȸˣɲҲĿ࿴
˶ϺѦȣҶεȻ°ɣҰ¸ɵˣѵͲΪǱ𣿷ҪҺ
̷֣صϺѦȶֻϵ£ǽӴҲӦ֪ǵʵǶǾþµֻΪʵУίֻҪʱ죬Ƶβ󲻵
⻰ʵ飬˵ǶϺѦ̷˵Ǹȡ裬ϺѦҪ̷̷ҲҪ˸ԼһЩ顣
Ҷγһʵô˵֮ҲкӵˣرҪ飬Ҳδؾͻ˵ɣ


1455 ̨
̷۾ת˵⣬̾˵ȷʵرҪ˵ʲôҲҪֻع
ҶЦҵҪ㣬Щת˽޹Ƴʬ⣬ǵĹ˭ֻأ
̷𽥸ֳɱĿһɱϢҶΡҶκ޾ɫӭ̷۾š
г˽ŵζڣ˴ʱ׼֡
Ȼ̷۾ת˱𴦣Ȼ˵ҶΣҲؾˣǵĺлģ֪֪ĶǾȨһʽˣΣ
Ҷγѣ̷ЦҶΣΪƾԼҲܹ˵ǲǣɣ֮Ĺ޷Ͼһγɵĵطǣ֪ˣҲÿ˰æܹʵĿġ
Ҷһ£̷⻰ġ
ǶҶĻ㲻ͬһĶ֣ҪƭļǼֱǱڸԼݺ͵Ͼͽһ
ԸꡣҶĵĻǻϵ䣬ܹõȷеϢҲûʲô˵ġ
ҶεԤ룬̷̸̸ȻٸԼ䣬˭̷֪쳣ʹ˵˵ˣȫö˰̨ܹҵˡ
Һ飬Ҳ̨йذɣ
̷һ㵣һŵҶΣȻЦҾ˵ô۾ˣܹ֣ƼѡԲˣҶΣҸθ˵Һ̨벻ˡ
ҶЦһ£ʾ̷˵ȥ
ʵطΪ֮䣬Ҫ˵Ǳ˵֮ĵá
ԭ٣ôܹɹҲȷʵһصĵط
طǰ̨
֣ͺһ䶷̨ôӣʵϲǵġ̨Բԣľѳǣߣȴǳ˽ȻͬĽ
ĳطĳɹʾرߣĵطĳɹʾͽӽˮƽ
ҶǼʶģ̾ף鱦пֻЩԵĹ屦£ĸʻߡ
̷²⣬һǾ쵽ˣѾ֪˾ʲôĶЩ໥֮
رջͱĵ֮£ԭޱȹɰ֮Ĺ
ǸΪҵĺֱһĲҡΪǰսҲΪ̨
İ񣬶Ŀܴڵ챦뵽˵У͸Իָ壬ڰ̨Χγ˴ССͬط˭Ҳ˭ƽ׵ǫ̃Ķٶһֱš
̷ҰĲҪͼı̨Ķţ̨Ķܹ»ָǰ۷ʵܴﵽмвһĻᣡ
Ҷû뵽е龹Ȼôۺ͸ӣ̷ȻᵽЩô뷨϶ҪԼæʵƻ
ǣ̷ǲǺԵʲôأ
Ҷһ˵뷨ȫġΪʲôоᣬһĽ飬ѵǰǱİô
̷ЦǾ仰ûԶѣûԶĵˣֻԶ棡ʵҲӦÿелָõġڻܹԭΪеУǶһ޶ˡ
ҶⶼǶİ
̷̾ǣȣЩʱʲڶǣѾˣʲҲȥûʵжôԻ͵룬жôҪĳޣôأ
һ㣬ҶλǸ⣬̷Ǹˣһδ֪ããδȣһŹǰķ޵δΪֵȥȡ
ҶЦѵͲ¶һôҼյĶ֣ҵæһ٣ȴǸ˼¡
̷Цһ˵֮У֮ҸУڶг˿ѵһûľôʱ췴ˣеĻ֮Ĺ֮ء
Ҷΰҡҡͷûô򵥡ԶΪˣԲͷԵ顣һıԶǣһżǿĿԵˡ
ȻҶζڶԼ֮Ĺһ£ҪԼ֮Ĺеĸ֣ԺôЩһԸԼھȻ̷Լ֣ô϶ԼĿĵģ
Ҷеľϵʱ򣬾̷˵ҶΣҲˣҪˣ˸ҺҺߡǣŴҵĵ̽뵽֮Ĺ˼У
⻹Ҷγ˸⣬ϵλõ֪ˣҪȻǸ鷳


1456 Ժ
Ҷξþû˵̷Цˡ
ҶΣûʲôþģ̨ѾеȫסˣǴĸߣҪܵġ֮Ĺطһǿʳĵطܹڰ̨ΧγģǺǡ
֪ҸʲôҶʵ
̷Ҷ˵ɨΧĸ֣˵ˣָӴսϣǾԲġʬ⣬ȴӦǾ仰ǧ׵ãһ󣡶ңΧ֮󣬻Ҫҵ̨ڵĶ
ҶĿɿڴôҲ벻̷ȻҪ
ҪθЩ˰ɣֻҪˣǰðҶοЦ
̷һֵҶΣȻǺǾҪеȼ۵Ķ˵ʵڵģȵ㲻Ͻ׵ĳ룡ҿ㹻ĶĶֵø
Ҷοһ̷û˵ȴǱʾҪһ˼
̷ɫʵָõģжİ⣬һһЩԭܹԼҲˣѦΪ˲Լ꣬һЩ궼䵽ԼˣҺҲǿҵĶ
˵ţ̷ӴָͳһСҩƿݸҶΡ
ʮ굤
Ȼмңܹг֣˵ʦˮ׼ʮ굤֮ûбʦɣΪеһζҪҩûĴáҩģֻܹãɡ
̷Цʮ굤һֻҪشûȫʧһȥܹ¿ٻָѦҲǿⶫҵĻġܹʮ㹻ʾҺĳɣ
ҶҲˣ̷óģǿܹѻ͸˾ȻļƷҩҲ˵ʮʮ굤Լʮûȫҷ
˰ΣҶ˵Ҫ㴦ҩĵķ
Ҷ˵赭дȴֲɵľġ˵ҶҲǹڵˣҪ󣬾͵ǰ˼ҵϵ׸˹ЩܸһҪİ
̷ݺһüͷ˵⣬ضضĹټض˵Ѫܹɹɵǣзˡֻܸ㴦ҩģ㹻һǧʮ굤ǾԲܸġ
Ҷһ£Ҳ㹻ˡ̷ķӦûģҪ߷ðѹҶΣҪ̷Ѫ˭ҲӦġ
ɽҶˬӦˡ
̷ӴָͳһƿݸҶ˵ҵĳ⣬ⶫܴ򿪣ûҩЧˡҼʮĻܣȣû뵽һˣˣʮ굤øңҪȻҶû취ˡ
Ҷδҩƿеҩ̷ԼҲҪһЩԱʱ֮衣
˫̷Լ뷨Ҷ˵ˣŰ׵ѵ˳򣬰ѻų̛Ȼ̨ҵԼĶ
̷Ű֮ķһڰ֮Ĺһ࣬רоֲɿɹʹսԱ
ֲһصսֵȽϵͣɹʹƵĲȴĶУұȽ׼Ԧ
̷ôʬ⣬ʵϺܴһԭǶԸġ
һϸڣ˰ѹʱ䶨賿ʱ֣ʱΣֲ˵ȫΪɢʱ̣ѡʱ֣ǾǰѶԷսܹѹһЩ
ڵλã̷ڵλҪһЩⱾӦǳΪϵƣΪּ⣬ֵϵƾ͵Ȼ޴ˡ
̷Ҷʬţͷһʱ־ͿʼᲿӡó̷Ҳ˺ܴľģܹϵȫˡ
ʬŵǰУ̷ɳһЩȱ첲ȵʬ⣬Ҷ֪Щڻңȱһࡣ
賿ʱ̷֣£ȵһڻұڵĵ̸ȥ
ʵ̷޾ɭ֮ڣֻߵķֽ紦һƬʮĻĲݵش
ֽԵ̷òͣ׼õڻһԼʮɵĵشǰߡ
Щʬ⣬ʬһָĻĲݵشţȻӲݴдܳһˮ״СĻ䣬ЩһԼ쵽£ȻѸٰһʬȻٿزˡ
Ҷ֪ЩֲЩ֮صĲСĻࡣֻĻ乥ԸǿԻٶȶǴﵽһܸߵĸ߶ȡ
һʬⱻ̷һ֣һǲСӽشŵǼΪֵľееӣʼڵѰ˿


1457 Ů
Ҫ֪Щ̳ʬĻ䣬û̳ԶʱǺѰҵģ̳ʬĻ䣬ͱ󣬸޷ڲסԼˡ
ЩǲСӵĳԱֻ֮󣬲ֱӹ䣬˳Ż֦ҵǸֵľеѸڳȻЩҩۣʱʹֲȫή
ʮﳤĻĲݵش̷ʬͨһʮҵͨ
̷һ£ʬŷ·ڵĵط˹
̷׼ģƺõܹɢĶйΪҶΣ̷ûаֶʹȥʬźЩľսһ
˺ľжЩٻսϣʬͲһΡǣЩľʤˣʬþ޴ʧнЩľɹ̬ԽԽֳ
һĲս̷͵šܹ⣬ֲ÷Թ鿴
һУΪҶǱߵжһʱٶʬ⣬̷ҲҪȥ
Ҷн·ߣ޾ɭзǳصһ··ϣһɿķΧڣûκεֲֻ¶ʯ
ҶǣЩʯͺǻɽĺۼ¶ʯһ壬Ӿͺҽӿʱȴγɵӡ
ĵ棬ȻǲֲˡҶǣҪǻɽĺۼôСĹģңǵûֲɹĵطֲ֦ҶҲȫڸǰ
֣ʯ·ıԵϣκεֲûУһЩ֦Ҷ
ҶξʱǳΧֲҲûлɹԵĴҶһ·ɳۣ׾ͱŷڵλн
޾ɭǲҪУΪкܶĿֲ̬Ĵڣ޾ɭϿշУͻĹĹҲ̷ر𽻴Ҷεġ
ʯ·ûʲô谭Ҷβһʱ͵̷עķڵĵطѪԷ
ѪԷǸѪûаϵΪȫһֿҶľйءΪҶɫ￴ȥһƬѪһ
ȥ˰Ѫԭռ֮󣬾͸˸֣ѪԷϱѪԭ˺ܶ࣬˼Ѫȣ˼š
ûгֲʯ·˺ѪԷȻֹҶҲֻڳѪҶľ䴩С
վס࣬ⲻĵطϿ뿪
ҶľתͷתʱȻһֵŮȥ͸оŮӣֻǳӲһһֺܵͳζ
ǣһľͷһҶοΧʮŵĺϱ֮εضľмĽ䣬һÿõľ仯һֵģ
Щľɵʽϰǵ͵Ůͷ֫ǺܾŮζֻ̬һȴɫģٷǳ壬ĿҲЩͣһͷɫĳһ
£ǲҹάˣȫǹѵһһһŤͨЩŤЩĻ
Ҷ䱸鲼׼ʱ𹥻
࣬ߣﲻĵطҪִԲĻͻᶪһ΢һĹ촽⶯ʮӲ˵˾档
ҶοЩ˵˭ҷ飬и㡣
Ǹ˵ĹȻ˰˶ȣ󵨣˵ܹеôŮǰǷ
ҶοЩ˻Ů治붯ɱ֣ȻЩֻһЩľƳܹĴڣǲûɱ¾ǳԾ棬Ҷζǵӡܺá
ŶҸղŵУұʾǸܸܲͨһ£ҼǵмµġҶ⻰Ҳƭ֮ʣ̷Ҷοɲ䵱һɱ¾Ļ
УǵͼģٸһλᣬҪǻߵĻͱǲˣ
˵ţŮ˫һģȻγһֻƵıӨӨڳǹһĶ
ҶεЦҲǣһҪġȻ̸£Ҳֻõˣâȭ
Ҷֱ۷Źâһȭ˸Լ˵ǸŮϣҶξ͸оԼȭͷǴһ̲һȭͷǶ뵽Ůûио˿ķ֮
ҶεҪŮǰʱŮ˫һǸڳǹĶҶε
ҶθϽعһȭҪŮû뵽ҶεȭͷոսӴڳǹһĶǶϾɢѣһŵɫ֭ҺҶ⧲æʱմȾ˲֭Һ
Ҷθû˼ҪǰŮ롣
˭֪ΧʮŮ׷˫ٻһڳǹһĶҶ˦˹ЩŮǾһѵģ˦Ķ£Ҷе·ȫסˡ


1458 ѳһķ
ҶһʱЩˣЩҪ㿪ȴǰԼ·߸סˣ
࣬ʵ㣬֭κεĶܣ˵ˮԪˣǽԪԪأҲܹ͸ȥûжԣȴǿԼ٣һλᣬϿߣȻ״̬£ǻװɱġ
ۼЩŮΧҶοɲϡŹֵĹ˫һ壬һ
ŮǽЦѣ׷ٴμǹŹֵ֭һһҵ˺صǽϡ
Щ֭û͸ǽմȾ֭ǽתٶȴһ
ҶЦλôûõġһ£ҲΪǣҼɡ
ߣ࣬ΪǽǾͲܰˣҵģ̸ڣ
ŮȣڵһֳǶȿֺһ˺صǽOO@@ЩȻȫ˺صǽУ
ǣǽȻЩǿиקͣסˣҶοһϸϸӴǽԼ£
ܲԸʹɱĹҶҲǺް취
һƬ𺣣˳ҶεѸչĻǽȻ飬ЩƵ¶ʱһ
һֱ˶ͷ棬ֱŮ˹ȥ˭֪ЩŮ˿Ҳţ׷ҡԴʱͷϵĺ췢ӭǣڿн֯γһ˶ͷһͷ˴˲侹ȻЩ췢γɵյõβʣ
ҶγɵˣǻڶγԱˣ˵ڶԱΪ綾˵һأֱӱյˣ
⻹û꣬ЩŮǳ⣬ֺ췢Ҷ˹
ǧҶԺһ֣֪ҪǶǷĻЧܺãʱ򣬿סЩŮؼġ
Ҷε˫ϣһ̵ƵĹâųЩٿؾ;Ů壬ҶεĲٿ£ЩŮ
ΪЩŮ޷ٲٿغ췢ǰˣҶοѾҪǰĺﻹеսĸо
ŮҶûܵʲô˺һٶԾȴҶæҡЩŮҶҲûҪʹɱֻ֣ǵ˵ҲҪˣЩѲģҡ
ûҶ˵꣬͸оΧĿռ·һ΢ӹһӰһҶεǰвŮϵȫ䵽ϣź췢ҲָŮͷϣ˿˿
һʤѩϵıҲ·ѩѷ˿ȥҲʮ꣬ĿǣȻһֻӦУ˼ܵüؼĸо
һŮ빪ʩ񣬷ǳ˵ˡ
ֻڰ֣ʾŮΰˣŮŹվһߡ
Ƿ⣿Ҷ̽ʵ
һɨһҶΣǼƼֱǾµĴڿһСһ
˭ΪʲôᴳҵĺѪԷгһֲʳ˼̻ζ
ҶαΪŮһЩøеȻ޴棬ΪŮһԸɱһ߸ϵӣеܲˡ
ҶΣ̷ˣ׼ĺѪԷҶҲˣһУرԭѡĿҪɵ֣ȻԷţҲûʲô˵ˡ
⵭Цԭֲûһʯ͵ˣҲ֪ôصȥҶΣǴ˰ɣ֮ĹУûĴڡ
ҶεͷǴӰ֮Ĺĵطˣұ뵽֮ĹУЩʱɼİ
¶һ˿įɫ̾һɼȷʵģеʱҪһЩԼԸ顣ˣȷһҪô
ҶαʵЩһ㶣ʵ벻ףΪʲôʡ
⿴Ҷδ㵵飬ȻЦҲ˵̫ͻȻˣһʱ벻ô¡ȷ̷һܴﵽĿô
ҶεҸ̷ȡ裬ûʲô׵İɣ
Цһ˵֪һʯôô
ҶһͻղЩʯͷϣȷʵе˹죬޾ɭĻУȻܹ¶ʯǲ˼顣ʯͷ̫Ӳ޷ֲܻ̦޺֮Ķ֮ϰɣ
Ҫֲ֪֮涷ҲǷǳҵģֻҪһռ䣬;ᱻ˷ѵЩʯȷʵ̫ˣ֦Ҷ϶ûС
һ¶˳Ц⣺ҶΣ㱻̷ˣˣߣԼ˵ǹʹˣȻɵΪ˼ҺҲԼӰӣ̷ô
⻰ҶδΪ𣬷༥⣬ǱҺ̷ϹӵǺܿᣬֻȴǲӹֵĴɣ


1459 
⳯۾ȻͣҶιЦѵͲ֪֪һʯôô
Ҷοų治֪һô˶䣬Ҳû˵֪ûȤ֪ӦǶˣҿҲӦÿʼˡ⣬ȵ̷ʱϣܡ
ԳЦȻǸõɵϣ֪һ£̷ʲôôȻƴ
仰Ҷβɵһ·⣬һԲֵͿôΪһЩȾ̵档
Ȼֱһν˵ҶΣҪ֣Ҷòô෴ģ̷ȴܹ֮ղһζŭ㣬뿴ʲôķӦûΪŭ֣ûΪıԼ뷨ٺ٣ܲ򵥰
㵽Ҫ˵ʲôϽ˵ɣ㲻ΪҪҴе°ɣ
ЦҶΣܵ˵˲ٵĶ֣㶼˵˵˭ˣ
ҶαⶫһһӵʻЩ֪ƣʵ˵ԼĴڡ
ͷ㻹ЩҼɵʵ㲻ô˰ٶ£ߋϻѦȵʵǽң̷ʵȴǻָúܺãѾɴǰΪߋѦȲɶѡ
ĻҶζе˷˼̷̨֪ʲôģֻԼĿİˡ
֮Ĺһʱ򣬷ЩߵУͻ˰Ϊ磬͸оﲻô򵥡
ͨһ飬ҵóĽӦĶһ̽ѰҵһЩ
ǣĵϲ⣬϶ʱԭֵܰһŶӷĿɳ𣬴Ҵ֣ڰ򶼴ˣ˸³
еߵУʵΪǿĸˣʱ׽Ķ
ĸ˾Ƿ⣬ǬһƺţǾ̷Ȼ䣬ͨԵֶλĶΪԼõ˲ǿ
Ҳа֮Ĺлָõĸֻ˶Щ̰ģҪø࣬˭֪ĶЩܹܵ˵ġ
Щ˻Ǵ״̬˰ĸӶݣĶ˳ټ׷ϣγһʯЩʯɶһĶŵص׵ɷͺгһ
ԣһʯϣǵûܹפ㣬ңֲ֦ҶҸϡ
ѳˣҲ͸԰һʯĻߣγһ˶֣ԼڵõһЩϢ󣬷ǵĻָ죬һһЩǱʡ
ܹľκεֲתԼһͻƣҲͰԼŶˣ̷
ǱߣǼ̳һּΪâܣֻҪʹóâκεĹ˵Чġ
Ǭе˵һǿĹУֻâſԵֵǬĹ
ĸ˶Ķǣ˭Ҳκβ˭Լȶ־ͻðв˵Ծֻһ߻ָһ߷ֲԼջĶ
һҶҲöôһ˵֮ĹȻĺö
ĸָ˵֮ĹĶɲһ㡣ֲЩ˻ôأˣ˻ˮĪҲǶ
Ҷγһ˵ѵûô
ûͷûԵĻ÷һ£ôˡ
ߣǸۼҲֻƭƭ̷˵ʵҿ壬ҲҸ̫ľᣬ֪ôġ
жϣӮҶεĹÿһǾ˼ǣһвֵġ
˾ǲջ󣬸԰Ҳͽ̾κΡ̷ѾͲסˣһ̷ռϷ磬ǷռϷ磬ķƽ־ͻᱻ״ƣʱ򣬾ʣµǬҪⶼˡ
˵ЩѵûĴôҶκȻζĿŷЦ
⵭˵˴򽻵ǲðѻ˵ֱ̫׾ܹô£룬ҲӦԼжˡ̷һֱΪһԾҿҶΣУҪСİ
ûвֻǸһ£̣Ҫ̷Ҫߵöࡣ
ҶδЦûлͷ⣬޷Ǿ뷨Ǿ̷ǴĻǶԸҵģʱô־Ͱһ߿ǸɵҶԲԣ
üͷ˵ѵôΪ̷õҪĶôˣ˭ҪǸҸ׶Ҳԥɵģ
Ҷϸֳһɱ֮ɫ˵ĻӦ˵˰ɣ㣬޷ҪҺ̷֮ĹϵջҷһǰװϷɣ죬עҪʱ̣


1460 ˲ת
ڴʱԶıըͳĻ⡣ҶרŸ̷ṩĻԸЩֲγɵĹ壬õķǻˡ
ɫһҶΣѵô̷ôѵͲ̷ᷴҧһô
ҶδЦʰң˭ʰ˭âȭ
˵ţҶεұ֮ϣһȭӳ
Цһ죬϶ʱֳһ֯ĲݶܣǰһƣʱݶӭҶεȭ
ҶζٸԼȭǴ޻һǹĸо˿ʹǲݶܻаԼԱߴĸо
ҶΣڳĴи򵽵ĹǾȻȭͷôͣǰһĲֵģŤҪж
ҶκȻоһ˿Σյĸоڷı󣬷·һӰӣӰӳаƺаĸԴӰһ
ָоҶγһΪҶεӡûйʲôܹҶĸо
ǸӰӣƹ֮һڷڣǣȴǰѷ⵱һ̰ŷеһС
ߣûгһ򣬷ʣ¡
Ҷγָоʱ򣬷ѾȻҶεĽǰϴĺâһӡҶεؿϡ
䣡Ҷһֱɳȥʮɣײĺϱ֮ſͣҶξ͸оͷһѪ˳
Ҷξ͸оԼĻǼҪɢһ᲻
建ҶΣЦҶΣŶԸңҲԼʵʲôģظ˰ɣ̷ģ
ҶβǵѪЦ⣬ھһУǸ£ҲûоԼĶ
Ҷ⻰ûĴһÿԼʱȷʵǸо˫۾͵һ㡣Ҷô֪ģѵָ
嶼ЩˣȻеⲻܣڵôأҶΣļһǹͷҪҷŹ㣡
˵ţӰкݺݸ£ϴŹĺ⣬ͷҶ
׵âҶκη壬һȭػȥҶεֱϣŹǧŵâȥ
һ죬ⱻ˳ʮɣҶһȫ뵽˵֮£
ǳһĴڣҵǰ֣ҶΣҪڣҪΪҶۣ
ⱻҶһ£ʵҲܣһ棬Ҫľ׵âĵâԵã÷ܲ
ҶΣĵָܿ죬ϾͶ뵽սС
Ҷθո֮ϣͱӭͷϣһȭҶθûзأȭС
ٶ죬ʮ㣬ȻҶ壬Ҳûʹʮҡ
ʱ򣬱ըѾ˽ǰ̷ˬЦ⣬Ѿмʮûˣѵ㲻һ¹ô
⿴ǱҶΣʹһڣ̷ǰ
ˣƺŵҲУֻ˴ӦòǺѵİɣⲻ˵
̷һҶ˵⣬ʵҲֳֻҪɵǬô
ⳬЦ̷磬㲻ҪҰɣߣҪܹĻǻȫ³ô˵ЩǾǰ׳հɣ֣˺ʧʲôʱôˣ
̷ɫһ䣬˵⣬ô˵ǲҺˣ
⵭ЦΪʲôѡ֣ƵģǲǾҵʵȰ£úٶ̷֣磬ҵʵôĻ㹥ҵĵ̵ʱһɵɵô
Ǳ˴˶̫֪֪ˣԣЩĶͲҪˡ̷磬ҿĲçڵ׾˶٣
ʮƶķ⣬̷ȻЩˣָоԷûгֹġ
ԥţͼȻһ֣Χľȫľм䣬һŮڱľмֳ
ܰһ֣ЩŮ糱ˮһ̷ʬţһأʬŵĻûãŮһٳЩʬźܿͱŮһ֭ˡ
˵ԤϣղŻ̷һߵľƣգۼͱתˣ
̷ɫˮԼľӪʬȫ֪ԼѾһͷգۼ˹¼ҹˡ
⣬ܲԸԸ⣬һҪ£̷˫ǰᷨӡʱǰâ˸
Ц̷磬ᣬҪԸ⳼ңԸΪЧ͵Ļ⿼ִԲĻͺЩʬȥɡ


1461 ǿӰ
̷Ц⣬ڳ˵ô̷ͷɶѪⱲӲУ±ҲУ
ҡͷɹЦȻҾͳȫɡ
˵ţ˫ѸǰȦתһźâȻγɣͬʱΧŮ糱ˮһӿ˷
һ嵽˷ǰŷеĺâ䵽ŮϣЩŮһɫ굽˺âУͷƮĳǻһֻֻ۾һĶΧںâΧ
Щɫ굽˺âУʱʹúâʢͬʱæΧЩһֻֻɫ۾ڹܺɫģȻһƵĺ
޿ԴĹ죬˸оһֲУ˵ͷ
ҶΣһܵУҪϺ̷ʱѾûݵλһ˵ҪǱ
ҶŲ̷ߣ˵û⣡ɾǲ֪ʹõʲôаδŰ
̷صǵʱֵһа飬ޱǿջ˵ǿͳĹǵʱˣҸаκεľᣬû뵽ȻȻźˡ
Ҷüͷ˵ȻаǿôʰǲôôҪջǰ
̷ЦΪǸʱǳûпǵҪ伺ֻǺĴڽԼﵽ˫Ľ
Ҷҡͷа⣬Լȫаûʲôˣʲô취ܹԸô
̷΢΢ҡͷûУʱֻƴˣһϣһԹǻһ˭Ҳӳȥ
ʱ򣬷еĺâѾ󵽰嶼סˣϣһɫɫȻ̷ҶεУǱһһ
Ѫа죡ŷһŭǺâȻըһ㣬һźӺâмΧǾ˹ȥ
ç죡̷ʾ˫ǰһƣ̷âУһŵĲľ֦Ҷһһãã
Ͳľײһ𣬷¡¡羪һʱľڱ飬ڵĺҲĲľ֦Ҷɢӿ
ʱһ˫˫ķƺĺɫ۾׷өһΧǷ׷մ˲壬ʱâ󣬰ȫסˣ
âԽԽʢڿȥ̷ĲѾȫûȥˣϾҪɵˣ
ؿһУƺܿŶֵΡ
̷磬ѵ㻹ִԲôаܵģֻҪ£һһõ޵еĹаǿıӣ
ҶζȻһΪѾЩıˡҶģڷһһΪ䣬κθζ
Ҷ̷֪ǳˣʱɽۻˣһ̷ˣԼǳġ
һƬ𺣳޾ĺķ£ɢ˴룬һֻ˶ͷϵĺâ˹ȥ
ȻͷںâĹâ֮УǼ浱һһڣʧںâУ
ͷһת۾Ҷ˵㻹ɵĿԣˣղŮǵĳһУʹһУװ׺ķӽˮˣ
Ҷβû⣬˫裬ŷŭǧ
OO@@𣬴Ҷε˫ϣڴϸ̵ϲƶȥΪ̷ƴҶεĹֻܹӲ
ʱȫȫâסҶβٿ֮˿ֲĹѹ
СӣһţһźĿźûҶΣ֮ϣȻЩɺ֭ˮڵڶЩȻЩɫ֭ˮڻˣ
ڻ֮Щɫ֭ˮûֹͣմϵʱ¸ʴ·ʴˣƤ⡣
СӣҪΪ鸶ۣ屻ʴôĿģޱŤ˸оǷˣ
ʱ̷Ȼ˹ǱʵڷֻһͷǾǰҶʬβŽޣ
ҶβҴ⣬ʱ˲󼺣̷ԱѾȻңȥ̷ԼϿԱ
Ļ뵵ҶεΧγһǽЦҶΣ˭Ҳ赲㸲ˣѻƣ
ŷЪ˹ĿУһĳһзСľ޴ӡҶεĻǽ
Ȼûȵ޴ӡĵķǽȻǰˣҶ֪Ķֶսõİ취ΨԹԹһʤķֻԼԽԽ
ҶϾͳ˻ķֻʱ򣬶ֵעŲ̫еԷĽϣǸᣡ


1462 ߶
һָҶһָѤ⻯һֱߣ˾޴ӡѸһ˷ظϲĲλ
䣡ҶӲ˷һƣҵӡɶԶ뵽ºüɲͣ
ǻһ𣬾ͺǱסһڰ۾ҪͻһϾŵɫ
Ҷδӵ˳·һһˣǴһһµѪңһһѪ
ΣҶβŻ̷ȵٲ֣ŷⷴӦ˭Ҳˣ
̷ҧҶΣһϣ˵ʲôҲҪѷŪ
Ҷҡҡλ˹ûߵ̷ߣһƨȥ
죬Ѿҵһָһָôڷظ֮䣬ʹңṥɶҪ갡춯֣㿴Իָһ²а
̷ϧԼȫͷųâ˷̲ݱҶЩ̲ݱҶڰз·һ̼һɫľ˹ȥ
˫ĿɳˣܱҶλеĵطӰ쵽תҧأ̷Ĺ˷
˫뵽ĵĴƴһһڣڰ໥ҵĳ
Ȼɫ䣬Ǳʲô˺һӡһޱȹֳ
֮ľǺâʢ̷ĲһסЩɫ۾һһŲ
ҶΣڸʲôҿҪסˣ̷ֱѿһѵĸо
ҶȴǹĶҪģϾͺˣҪʱ䣬ֻҪʮʱˡǱѾˣڵаѾƿ壬סʤǵģ
̷ͷһֻڱڣ׸о˱ӵĸоȴˣڸղţôҶεġ
ڸʲôˣѾ׸Ϊһˣڣٶĸ֣ҲһҲûˡ
ȫˣһаоǴǿĴ͸һܹ͸ĶĤֱƣ
ҶȴǹĶģ̷ŻأҪܹƿؾƣ㻹ˣסϾͺˣ
ǣҶ˵ˣǰ֣˭Ҳ֪ϵǶ೤ʱ䣬̷ԼȫѹϣǰһӲ
ʮʱ䣬Ҷûжֹʮʱ䣬ûж
ҶΣ㻹ڵʲôҪҹˣܵô̷зȣеĲûдĳ
Ҷδһھͺˣ̷ǲսѪ꣬
ҶεŭҶεɫĹâ֣ţǲӲӽâҶεϲ֡
˭ԸоҶεʵȻڶ̶̵ʱڱ屶֮࣡
ǣ̷֣Ҷ죬ǲ
ҶΣǸʲôĶסˣûңȻԼҲ޷ԷⰡ֣Ǵһ
ҶȴԴ˵쳣죬ҷĹһҪϺסһҪȫΪȫͶ뵽ĹУһȫͶȥɡ
̷һ쳹صŭʱ̷˫ּâѾЩʵʻˣó̷ƴˣ
ʥնҶγͨԵһնȥ
źƲ㣬ʱס˷⣬ڷ֮Уһʥڷмնʼ䴫Ǹ˻
СӣһúһҪʬΣǸԹ˲ͷһ
Ҷδȵסʱ䣬Ĺ˽һǧҪסȻ꣡
̷ۼҶεĹЧҲϰԼĹ˼£̷Ļµһǿҵı磬г죡
ҶһûӣʩչǿĹ
ҶεıȣһŲӲӽȻȥ
ȻŽⲢûǱߣǰ̷סˣ
̷ʱѾеΪȫǱߵĶԿˣס̷ʶ͸оҪֵʱȴѾǲܵˡ
Ҷμ÷ǳȷ̷ȫϵа鿹⣬Ҫ֣ջܣôҲϵʱ䡣
ʱĳԣ׼Ѿʼ̷аˡ
̷󺧣ظоԼڵ糱ˮһӿҶε壬ҪסɱӿʧȴԼŬȫͽ͵ġ
ʱΪٿطаԸʥնԹ˲ϾսУҶԼϷˡ
̷־ŭҶΣʲô˼ѵҪӺԼô


1463 аĽ
Ҷΰת̷ָָԼָָԼϣЦ˵Ӻѵģô˰ɣȻͱ˱һӣҪбͱӵľ򣡡
ҶΣͣڶѾûκεвˣŹңҸ콻ҵ顣
Ҷε˵ûǸҪˣɶʱôңʱҸоʱ򣬰Ҹɵ̷ȻǴĻҪȻɵˣûıҪ
˵꣬Ҷ͵ؼӴ˴̷һţҪ˵˵ˣ޾Ŀ־嵱У̷ֻһǣʲôѾ뵽Ҷεˡ
һ棬ʥնڵа飬ҽͻҳ壬ȴûаİ취
Ҷһ£ѷʥն˻ʱؼһƬ峺⣬Ѿٽзˣ嶼ѾģӦþаˡ
ǺǣаѵƺôҶޱŵĿа˵
СӣϷаѾռСӵ壬ȻָܻҴǰʵԸ㣬ǾԲģаȻ̫ˣɰȻȴǳš
ҶκȻɫһΪҲ֪ô
а˲Ȼһ㣬㶼֪Щʲô
屣̫ļ䣬ڲܹʹ壬ȫס壬㻹ԶءҶ˵ţаһЦ
аȻ㵽ʲôˣô֪ôˣղſǸ̷ĹȻûпܹоӦ켶Ĺ㵽˭
Ҷβ˵ûҵʸ񣡸ղΪһָɵģŻܵĵطɣʵϣһֱָܹĵطġ㱾͸ûнϺãֱת;Ӳɡ
а忪ʼˣ۾ҶΣǸоԼа𣬶˲а
ҶЦһ˵̫ǿˣҲòҲܹģа𣬼סˣա
˵ţҶεҪ֣
а𿴵Ҷ뵵ϴ󺧵⣬⡭ⲻܣ㣬㡭㣬㡭ôܻĹȵȵȵȣ֪Ϣкܴİȵ˵ˡ
Ҷû뵽аȻôԼĹҶε۾а𣬾а˵
ʵа˽һܴĹϵҲǸҶƹйءаڱҶ׸ڼǰǿݺ磬˶ŷɥĴڡ
аԼʵΪΪɱ¾̫࣬ڶҵ׷ɱΪаʵ̫ǿڶѰ˷ǵû˺а𣬷۽һȥаͳ˵ʱȻ֮ɫĻ⡣
а͵һû£˭֪аҪ֤Ͳ仰ųԣ˵֮˹Ҳܰ
Ϊ仰˻չأǲ׸µĴģаҲץ©û߲˵Ļ
ԸаȴǿԷִ˹ˣǳǿһǿΪޣͰаʰˡ
ǸʹõĹҶεĹ൱ƣֻҶεĹۻԵаȻʵǿڶ֣ÿÿؼʱ̣Էܹ̹Ťתľ档
ǸõǴаһΪɵò࣬Ȼްѹϡ
ʵϣǳǸṩģĹӦϾܹɽһΪһ壬а÷
ֱһߣΪѷĺûᣬΪõ޵Ϣкܶ˾ͻƵ˰Ϊ硣
һУаĿõġһصļһȻа𿴲󣬵аЩϤĸоЩİڧհ򶼱ˡ
ʧȥӦ󣬶аѹƾС˺ܶࡣа޷гаջǰѰ޵ϣͨǵַԼ
Ƿ⾭ջ󣬾аеԼϡ
һ̮޾ͷųѱĵطǹ̶סǷ˵һʯʵϾͷųĹ̶Ŧ
ҶζЩͱʾͬޣͨ׵˵ɽҲ޿ɼɽ˼ޣɽа˵Чһˡ
Ҷľǣа˵һʮϤҶ֪Ǹ˾Ƕ죬аôǸϤأ
һ£Ҷʵа𣬵һսѹˣʲôְ


1464 
аǸˣ鲻ԽϴһܵĻаԸһҲԸˡҶڱʣһٸԸ⣬аҲòٴἰ֡
ʱҴѹǸˣսȻʱûаΪһĹ͸һޱȣռϷ磬ȴȻص˲ͷˡ
֣Ҷγһ˵Ҷεû˵ֻգȴҶ뵽̫ࡣ
Ҷΰܵ²аʵеǸսǲƣ
аǹаĸоѾȫĿ־Բװģһļɵ
ҶοԶ϶սǶǰǸףΪôҪĹǲ̫ġһڲܹôеģֻǵϵһұǵϵܹȨһˡ
ϵţԽԽҶθȤˡһϵеεԭġ
Щԭпܲսڶô򵥡
ţҶθоĶʵ̫ˣʱû̫Ҳ벻ףҲͲȥˡ
Ҷοһа˵и뷨ܹȫԼҪΪһЩ飬ҵ
а֪ʱ򣬸ûԼּۻ۵أ˸֮⣬ûκѡء
ЩаҲ͵Ȼˣ˵ܹһǸмġֻҪ˷ԸҾһܹ
Ҷ˵Ҫ飬һǽȻϣһҪƻļƻҪЩ顣⣬ɱ¾̫֮أҪƣȻųȥǼֱҵͬô
аЦһ˵һоɣӣʲôأҽܴ˵һ
ҶεͷǺã㿴ҵ۾һʶһʶӣֻҪҸЩҲϿɵ飬ֻҪʶӣͻ˲ɰ׳գ
Ҷаļ˵ϣܹһµһϣܹõϿɵһвңУָ
ҶεȣһĽסааʱеһ崺ĸоϵľʹһԶȥϵĸʴ˿ڣҲۿɼٶϡ
ʱаĻѾָ˵״̬ңظ䱻Ҷһָ˵ĵطҲû谭ˡ
аʶҲоһĸоʵ޷ָԭ״̬аȻܹһˣڣаû˸ղֶΣȴǿѡԼˣ
ͨһа˫ϥڵأ˫۴ˣ֮£ٶ겻գһΪϡܹռݷ壬Ҳվѳɴ˶ҿػ˶죡Ը׷ˣ޺
Ҷΰа˵ǵǲˣҵĿģǷҲͬɢˣżǿĸ߶ȵļԣҲгԵԻһ𣬼ԵɽˮԶԻ
аҶμҲټ֡Ҷκ˴аһǰ졣
̷ļУҶ˻ϵ䡣ԤıˣѻϷ˰̨λõǬ
Ǭ̷ĸʵߵġΪָܹԭΪҵõ޵Ϣֶηǳ
⻹ҪģҶμλãҪͨĵ̲ܹǬ
Ҫշп϶ǲеģΪͲܹϷɹȥҪƵĻ˵;н̣͹ܵˡ
Ϊмŵǰ̨ĺҲаָ޵λãҪǵĻǬһ￴㲻Ҫ˵֣
ϸһ£ҶξǿͨȻ뵽ǬĵӪȻϡ
һʯ͵ĵ̡а䣬Ҳ൱˵ãһΪ̷֮£ҪƴȻܹƴɸĴҲ᲻СٸǬͻǳˡ
ҶξðһգаھǷӣаȥݻ˵Լ̷͵ϮѾû˵̣Ͷ
Ҷʩչ仯ŮӣаңŻ﷢
׵аű仯Ҷκͷ˴һҡĵҡ
оܿ¸ˡаԤ˵£Լѷ⣬Ҫϣܸ
һҵϽһٱ
ԴҲ벻ʲô˼Ҫ˵ڴǰʱ򣬼˻ǺѣԴӴƴ֮󣬼ǿɾͳ˲ĳһ㣬ڷȻ״ʲôⰡ
˷֣һ£ԼĵϣͷЩ֣ôҲƲʲôˡ
ǣ£úÿܳӵӦԣȻ˲¡صڰѷӭԼס


1465 ͼذ
˵ӡʮֵţҶδһʱıʸ۷ǸоǼĺһһѧʶԨԸӵĸо
ڼʱֳһַ·δһ飬Ϲס꺮ůǽһȰֵһ
ֱʵϵܣ֪㵽Ϊθɰ
аͰҶ׼õ˵ǣԼα̷͵Ϯɥֻ֮ܵͶ˵һ顣
аռƻ׳ȤĻ⡣
֣ʵϣ̨صĶһ޵ⶫؾһ޿ɼĴɽһȡⶫǸʲôһӾܹ㶨
ϲŭɫҲϢˡǿӵԼķƳĶ
Ƿ˵ΪȷʵһĲֵΪܹӵз򣬶ֻǴͨ
ޣӵеɽķʹóϾͻΪһ壬޿ɼɽ˵һˣʮ˸ܹѹ÷
ȻʶԼЩʧ̬ˣϽɿһָֻƽ͵ɫﻺ֣ѾٶˣҶڰ̨ܿһֱ⣬ͨʲôô֪ģ
⣬׼ģаǺЦ֣֪ûע⵽һʯǸʵ޷Թ̶ĿռĶΪⶫһʯо˭֪Ȼܡ
Ŷȴа̧ͣۿаʱаȴɨһңʱף˶ӣϢй¶ȥ
뵽һ֣ʾеȫȥаҲ÷˴ȥȴ˱ŮҶΡ
֣ұ̷һ£ҪŮ߸ҹָӦ÷İа𿴿ҶαŮ˵
ܵô࣬Ͻ˵޷֣һʯֵߴͽ¡
аͷ΢΢˵޵棬ʵѹһʾмĴڣΪάתŻѡһӵôǵʱʱ򣬿ʼʱûзôࡣ
ǳԾˣΪ˵׷ѰҪ֪ࡣ
һ룬Դʶа
а΢΢һЦȥ˵Ǹѹаϵ֪Щģ⣬аҲҹǰɣ
ͷ£ҺǽչһǳϵǸʱѾѱˣﻹܹ˵ĪǴ߲֪һеܵģ
аȻص֣ʵһУǶ츸Ūģޱ޴ռеġǣȫǾнҲö֮ˡ
Ȼ˵¸ǴĻǣడ˵սޣŻҵյ̰ͼ϶ǵõϢȻɶӳ棬ɱ̫ˣ
Ҷû뵽ôԶҲԹҶΣΪҶαϾǵˣ֪ĶûĶ࣬ȻҲͲôԶ
һͳװеһȫҿˡԤıģҪȡޣͱҪ֮ĹһأȻЩİϵҪֱ˵ȡϾͻᷭ
ԣҪһܹһеˣҶξѡܹ˳ҶҲˣǾһ˫ĺϷ
뵽˳˼УȴôһŤͷַһ˿ĹʡǱаʶһµʶӣӿͨа۾۲쵽û뵽һʱȻˡ
һ˲䣬˫ȫʶԡԥֶ̧аһơִ֮䣬һƸûжһͬͬκһ㣬ڿо硣
ҶθоԣϾͻָԭӣһƴа𣬸Ͻһȭ
һ죬ҶαʮҲ˼ʵϣﻹҶ֮ϵġ
ǧҶһȣ˫˸Ű׵Ĺâȥ
󺧣ڷյĿռĻܵ˼ƣƻȥǸղŵ鷢̫ͻȻˣȲҶƣԤĹ
æ֮УȻԭվһһųɫâλס
ɲǼ䣬˷пռ䣬ѹȥȻɫâʱȴǺһĪƾҶô߶Ҳ޷
ǺǣĻ⡣ֶܹðҶκɵ٩


1466 
ʮǱʵڶ֣ڿռ⧲ļܻϹ£뵽Ӧ԰취Ǻܶࡣ
Ǻǣ¹ֶܼãˣҵĵ̡ʾ
ҶЦ˼ֻҪܹҺţ·쳣ͻǲǣãһĻô
ﶸȻһǸǳˣ˲ˣ̷Բ˷⣬Ǳǰ˸ˣ㲻û
Ǹɵ̷֮Լģ˵ԷȻǴĻôġһопƺõģ˼ұȻȫ׼ûӦͻԤǾ͵ԼڶĲ
Ҷοı仯Ц̷Ѿҵ£ѵ벽̷ĺô
һ£ҧǾͿûܹڶʱڰҸɵֶˣĹⱬ
ıȣϵɫâȻʼ໥ҡҷײײĹУһɹɿֲ
ƴеѪԡҵȵƴʱ̡
ҶεıȣҶεϻó⣬ЩգۼͰסˡʶоһĪΣסˡĵһӦǸϽԼĽ⡣
һжͽ͵ģΪѾеʶȫͶ뵽ɫⱬĹˣҪѣҲȵôӹгȻҪΧǧ
ҶںѪԷоƺõģȻЩС⣬ϻǰҶε˼չˡ
ĹâסʶҪѣԥͳɫⱬʱѾʱ䣬еʵܹѴĻƽʱ䣡
ѵʱȥˣһоѾͽ͵ˡоԼΪ̺ˮһѸٴԼԴԴӿ
ǸǳʶʱˣֱԼѾȫԼĿƣ㵭Ȼ˵ܲһ
ҶοɲҴ⣬ʱֻҪһСС©ƾͻתҶûֹͣĽУһֱһΪŷٶȡ£ӳҲԼ̫Σա
ǺǣҲǲԣͿôˡҶƽ˵
֪һжڶԷƿ֮ˣҲͲνķˡ
ԸӴ˵ָӣһɴܹϾͱʾ˳˼аһļģѾ̫緢Ѫˡ
Ҷûͣ´һֱΪֻʣɲͣ֡ŴĹâɢһ̱ڵء
ֻͻҺҪˣҲûж⣬ֻΪԤһҲֻˡҪȵǬ֪ûⷽϢ
оԸӵѣʱ˯ȥһУ˵ֱǸجΣҶεĻòǿش
ǬǼʵǿһԹƧԸ⽻ѣҲԸⷢչ¡˷ǳͨ󷨣Ҫ˹ѺĻӦþµİʹ죬ϰǬˡ
ҶϸǬһЩĹԸ⣬ﶼϸĽ
Ҷͬʶһʶӡ
ˣҲζ̯ƣҶ룬ӪȻΪҪĿģģÿ鵽׻Ĺ켣չᡣϾԼӽ뵽֮ĹһͲԼܹҵ˵ġ
ΧһʯҶν뵽ǬĵУȻܲһһ󷨣بҶεǰ
ЩҶεûʲôѶȣһ·ƽţܿ͵˵İڵĵط
ԽԽʱҶεﶸȻһɺܲõԤС˵һ·ЩգҶܾǬڹˮ
Ҳ˵ԷĿĺִܾܿһѾزҶҲûбѡǰ壬ҲҪѾôĥѣʱǲҶεķ
˴ĸߴ󣬿ҲԶȻ˴еҶ磬ǰôһƬյء
Ҷθ߶ȵע⣬޾ɭֵУһʯ͸ľס֮⣬ûƽ̹ĵطǺϱ֮ڳƽأҪôǬڵĵطҪôѾ޾ɭ֡
ҶаԼţԼСǰƽʮɵľҶιȻһƬĿյسǰ
ĳҶ˵Եùޱȡ
˭֪ҶεʶոմյرԵʱҶξ͸оԼʶǱһʹĸоӽӴĵطһֱ쵽ÿһλ
ҶΰвãϽаˡٿһƬյأһâ¶Ϸ·̻һ
Ƭյص棬һ͸ķֱţǸģ
ȻһˮĹ͸ķţֵͬĹâʢâɢ֮ڷֵİ˸ϣһ͸Ϣˣ


1467 ǹŹ
ҶһȻԭΪǬľסأû뵽ȻǰУӦǸСĵطһ䷿СͿˣڿȻзԲʮС
͸ķϣζ˰˸ţÿһŵı󣬲۾пһƽأİɭĳ
ҶβаˣΪ֣Ĺʵ̫ˣǴĸϿǴ
ۻ׵󷨣Ҷλǵһο˵Ƕ컯֮񲻲֮һҲΪ
а㲻û÷չԼȥǿ׼ƽ
ҶεȰ˵£аʾŷ˴ҶԵһȥ
ҶûóóȻӽǸźԶĵΧŰתһȦҶζ󷨵⣬õһ󷨡
󷨵ȱǷǳԣǾֻҪκδڲ뵽󷨾Ͷûκεáлʯãȫ󷨷ֵ档
Ҫ󣬾ͱҪСûر£ֻҪΧ뵽һҲûС
ǵҪеʱ򣬰ֳˡ޷ǳ̵ķֻ֣ܰ󷨵Ĳһƽ⡣
ͨϸ۲죬ҶηŻһһģȥŻ󿪣ʵǴ塣
һ£Ҷѡһţİźȥ
һֱߵɽ棬ȴûκε䡣ҶЩ⣬ѵǬôģԼֱȥӪȻϣʱҪЩնڣҶξеϹĸо
ɽߵʱҶθоЩԾΪΧĿռ䵽һֵҶûĿ־УȴҶεܲʹ졣
ٽɽʱҶһתĵطһϯضߡ뷢ף壬ȴ˫͸һ顣
Ҷͣ˽ŲߣȻǬ
ɨһҶΣͬ赭д˵ҶΣ
ҶεͷʾԷ˵ûʱǬһ֣ҶκԼǰջһ£
ʱеѸٿʼںϣγһΪǿ籩籩Ҷεǰһң
ʱһ׵ԨҶεǰOO@@ʯѵҶζٸнһգ׹䡣
Ҷδ󺧣ڰҪȴвƹ֮һѹҶεͷƾҶת򣬾޷ϷС
Ȼ䣬Ҷξ͸оԼһΧǼӴһ㣬ҶεǵܷУǼµ䣡
ҶǺķоԼ׹뵽޵׵Ԩһ
ǬŪԨҶʱͺܳҶץסʱ俪ʼĥôܹ׹Ρ
ͻȻ䣬Ҷθо屻ʲôݺײһ£ϼһľ۶ϵǱľһ£Ҷı˷
û뵽Ԩľ쾹ȻľҶεһ¡
ûҶνңҶξ͸оԼ׹ĹнľҶε壬ڿвϷתı䷽ľ۶ϵҲڶ
ۣҶθоԼ䵽ʮ͵֮ϣǿҵ׹ٶȣҶ˳Щб½ǶȵɽڱԵһ·ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶεͣ
ҶεԴӵ˰֮Ĺͺûڼ׺ĶǰԱһˤ㻺һӣҶβŻָ˱ʶ
ȫ£ûһطۣԺܵ𶯣Ҷη·һʲôоˡ
Ϣ˺ð죬Ҷβżѵ
ֵǣӦ޾Ԩôиһķ羰
ҶɻʱһĹâҶΡ
֣ǱĹԴͷҶοƾճֵģûκεĸԴһһ
Ҷξ̲֮࣬ס˹ȥ
ҶΣˣȻûʧ˰֮Ĺյ㣡
ʵ̫Ϥˣ죡Ȼû̫ĵ潻ᣬȴҶ̹ĵģ
ӰҶεǰ죬ǸǬ
ҶվΣ˵һжУÿһƵˣʵӦǶԼûʧŸȷ
ҡҡͷҾԲ˼ҶΣڴŶ֪һжΪʲôкܶ飬Ҳ˽Ķһ㣬ҺһʹġǻܳΪõѣǣעֻһȥ
Ҷο죬ֿǬһ˵˰֣ѹ˵ĵô㣡ѵƾҪҶĳô
ڰ˵ҶΣӡһܳȵ˰ô˵ʲôŻҩζأǵעõģǣδؾҪڽʱе⣡


1468 ²ⲻĽ
Ҷʵ벻ף«ﵽʲôҩǬԼǾγƣô᲻һأ
쵭ЦҲˣǲģĿǬΪϱţҪˣңȻҵĿġ
Ҷ۾һ˵ΪΪôõô
һָҶ˵ʲô㾹Ȼ֪ޣô֪ģⲻܣô֪޵أ
ҶЦҲ֪ޣ֪һ֣ս㲻İɣ
ɫָ򾲣˵ǼҸȻ֪˼Ҹ֣Ǵа֪İɣ
Ҷ˵һʵǸƺõǲǣ㸸õ޵ʱ򣬾žΪУȴ潻㸸ǸڡԣаѹʱͿʼ֣յĿľҪȡǲǣ
ǺЦĵģֻû뵽ǣһл治ǼҸһֵݵģǼҸǸڽġеϼ֮ƷûȨûԭ㼶Ǹ͵òġ
Ҷγһ˵Ȼ룬㸸ױǸڣҲûʸɣͨһ¼ŪõаϣȻһϵе¼ܹ֪ռǲǣ
϶ʱԣҶ˵Ҳһʱ˵Ĳ²⣬²ȴǺ׼ΪӵǰϽ
Ҷοı飬֪̾ԼĲ²˾Ųʮˡ
һЦҶΣΪ֣ʵ޺ӣˣȥˣңҪҵ񡣡
Ҷɫһ죬ѵôѵҾͲֹܹô
쵭ȻҾԲ뷨ֻǳ⣬ҪӪȻϣҿҵ飬ɣǺܺô
ҶηȻ죬ΪҲ֪ȡ޹ȻΪ˶Ըˣ޿϶ǻģҲԸΪ˵ĸ󻼣
ˮѵͲ˻ϵô
ҶδȻΪ˵棬ûʲôǲģ죬ȡһǳѵ飬ҪȻҲҵΧϰˡ
쿴һǬ˵ҽҪˡ
Ǭ¶һЦ˵ԸԸ
ҶףΪʲôǬӶİţԭźĽۿǬסҶΣһתͷҪȥ
ߵʱ򣬶˵ҶΣеľСõĹǴõĹ
˵꣬ͷҲ˳ȥ
ǬҶЩɵЦҶΣ㷢ʲôأѵ㲻Ȼˣ
ҶΰĿתǬϣǺЦûƴŵʲôһܱͷջˣƴսôҲ赲һǲǣ
ǬȵĿҶΣ˵İԼԼ뷨ڶԷĹƵУ
Ǻǣ˵ûҲôģҶһǳΣգ򲻿ɵģֻҪסˡҶΣѵ㲻ƻ˵ļƻô
Ҷҡҡͷǲ룬ǲܡǶĸްаѹġȻʱʹҪȡߵģϣ϶ǴԼӡҺͶǳ⣬ֻԼܹƽ⡣
ǬжЩɫˣŴָ˵ѹ˻ôɵ㣬ȷʵ˼ɵʱ
Ǭ̾һȻҲ̫ȣ˰ٶˣ̬Ҳˣٵ˾ٵ˰ɡȡ˶ͰĲȥˡ
˵ţǬڵϻ˼ȻֲҶʶģ֪Ǭǰ󷨲á
ڴʱȻŭ𣬽ţϼҫգһЩϼһʧˡ
ǬǺЦѾˣҶΣǾʹ˱˵ţǬһšʧҶεҰС
Ҷû뵽֮ĹһξȻĹ档Ҳûʲô벻սˡ
ǬµİʾҶҵ˰󷨻ʯһһƽ֮󣬺ܿҵ˻ϡ
ϲûʲôŰͷܺáҶιҼǱߵ飬ҵͰѷ˹
˴˽һҶΰٺа𣬴˷˴ﻹлϣǵķһ·۸ϻء


1469 
һ·Ҷεڿǡ
ģҶüͷһšҪ˵ʱȴһᡣ
ôˣ𲮵ȷӦȥסҶΣʱŷҶɫ԰ףĺˮҪǮµ䡣
ҪǣʱҶѾȫˡ
֮УҶƽüͷز⡣
ҿ
ģһӦ֪ҶоˡôͰλøأ
ЦҶߣַ̽Ҷεǰһֱӽ뵽Ҷεڡ
İɣӦûʲô⣬ڵڳ˰߲ҵ޷йҡֻҪյЩǾûˡЦ꿴һҶΣ˵
ܵȵĿ⣬ЦȴǿЦһ˵ʵҸ޷κεİҶĹ̫⣬ЩӶԼյû·ӿԽ
˵ҲǣȫյǵűűˡڿûΣգֻЦյˡ΢΢ҡͷԸ⿴ģһ뵽ǿµԼҶϵһС
ץץ䣬Ȼ˵ûʲôӣܹգ
գ
˳ĬˣڿԽҪҳǷķ
ˣ뵽һܣֻûôĺ˵Ц˵뵽Ҳûа취еİ취ˡ
˵˵ֻҪܹٻָʲôΣնû⣡˴ֱ̲ס
Цڰ֣԰꣬ʱǲš⣬˵ķӣûΣգֻǲ֪ûá
˵ĿҪԼˣЦæ˵֮ţ
֮ţطʲôð
֮ڣܵĲл꼯۵أǴ̫ʱ䣬֪Ķ϶Ƕ࣬ԣҶηŵȥǸᡣЦֱӿڵµȷֻӡ
˷׷üȷûиõķ֮󣬱ͬЦҶȥ֮š
ߣǰͰؽţȫ׼ʱڣʲôΣա
֮⣬Ц鸴ӵؿҶΣջǽƽڡߣǽȥġ
أ
Ҷε֮ڣһޣܵĲл𾪵ӣأȴʬһ㱻˽
أвл귢Ҷεĳ֣׷ײΧ˹
ʱЦ𣺡λǰ棬ҶΣ֧Цл
˵꣬ЦؾϹΣɫϲѡ
ߵĲлȻЩ׷׿ʼ̽ҶεǶڲл꣬Լ̽鷽ʽûܵҶĹ
յĹЦ̾Ϣһת뿪
кܶҪһڵõҶε֮󣬿϶ġ˵ܿͻӭһĴսʱʲô治˵ԣһЩ׼վǲġ
֮ڣлǽҶΧ˸ʵʵɺܿһɢˣǶҶεûκεİ취
УСӵ̫ˣóȻֵĻ㲻ûֱһлҡҡͷûа취
̫̬ˣ޷ҪȻͺ˵ˡһл뿪õüͷš
ҿǵˮƽǲˣҪϣ
Ҫͳˣõźô
˵ҲǣСӵ컯ˡ
ģһ⻪˸ϵ帡֡
˷׷ʩЦǺǵ˵ҪܹˣҲͲó𣿡
ǺǣӢǵˮƽ
һ֮ϵüͷҲ
ˣҲɣװˡϿ˵⻪֡
ӣ֮⣬˻϶ˡ
ʲôϿ˿ˣʵڻûʲôõ⡣
ͬʱҡͷûмһֱ˵ģû˵ŵֱӻˣǶôûϢ
Բô࣬ͲҪ
գľǾڵǱܡһ˿ڵȻе뷨ȴû˵ϡ
һͷʱЦţһǱܿǶĺܡȻҪǾͰඣ
˵ǱѪꣿһ˵۾֮ͬâ
ϺǺһЦ˵ĲӸϽɡ
˵꣬һ㣬һ꣬Ϲâۣͬһ̫Ƶѹˡ
âҶεͷһֱĨȥڵŵ׵ʱ򣬹âȻ
¡
ҶεڷһƵ·ʲôˡ
ţµĹâһ˲䱻յĸɸɾҶεҲ΢΢
ϵͷ˵ҺСܹɵñѪˣҪȻҼǸ鷳¶
ˡ
أҶεϢϢ


1470 
Ѫ걻˳Եظоһǿǵض
ʶغһϽǰһվҶθˣһ˫ǻ۵ӽҶΡ
ԣԣ⣿ҡͷ˵ĪĻ
һʶ̽ˣҶεԲô򵥾ܹġ
Сӵ˶ȻӴ󣡡
üһͲԼһ㶼֪ƣ
ϱ˫֣ҶεǰתţػյĹһĴȣ˵ȥˣСӿǧΨһĳ·ˣҪˣûʲôᡣƴһѵʱˡ
ϵ⻰Ĳл׷¶һļᶨ飬ƺѾ˾Ϊ˾ȻҶΣʲô鶼ȥġ
ðɣǾȰΧʶл֮أЩл꣬Щ˰ԸǳǩģʽȺλûϵɫüΪ࣬·֮ôûصĻ⡣
˷׷ҡͷʾԼûѾ̫̫ˣܹټû뿪ʵĿܣ֮ǰʲôʵھôһʵνʵҲ֮ŵЧܹҪȻҲһĨл꣬ʱᱻ˸ɵˡ
ǿҲһֽѣһµĳ·
ǡľҪ
ģһӷ׷һ漴ڳһޱȵģ
ߣȻˡ
ǵӰδֻ֣ڲ֪ĵطʵһεΣպܴǲ𣿡
ĬþõسĬѹֵسĬû˻شߣǲһشΪ֪᲻˵ʲôǶԷˡ
ԣǾּ򵥵ķشʡ
ðɣȻȺСˣҾͰСɡͬĬ˰֮󣬲˵ôһ仰
ߴڵķȻһĿĹ⻪ǹ⻪ֱӴ뵽Ҷεĵ֮УȻûġ
ˣҪɣǻҪٴ˯ߵдһϣȴ޷ҶκĹġ
˷׷лĿٴ۵Ҷεϡ
ʱҶεĵﴦһĨ⻪˸ѣһűĤ䱣ס
һصͷ˵Ҷϱŵĵȷ˰Ⱥ¶ܹϡˣҲҪ˷ʱˣ׼ʼɡ
ϣһӣΧĳһ仯Ѿһɽİɽϡ
ɽΣ֮ԼԼܹһЩӰĿĵƮš
ɣȳǩüͷ壬ȻԸ˵ɻǵ°Ű
˭룬Ļ䣬һдŲɣˣǶҪϲһˡҲĻˣҺúõϢһ°ɡ
⡭ͣǰϵĲл꣬Ȼ֪˵ʲôˡ
л국һЦ˵ˣǻôʱ䣬ҲġȰСһѰɣ
˵꣬лͺһϢùһڶһ㣬˼ΧĲлĴڣȫ˹
ϵ˷׷׺˼Ŀصؿ
ɣɣĿĵƯˣΪĲǿʼһ¿ʼɣлд˵ջرεл걻˹
л΢΢һֱӻһŹţ䵽Ҷε֮ϡЩεлҲʶŹžۼ˹Ƿ·ҵζһ㣬ۼٶԽԽ죬ǱӴ
ҶŵĻһᾪطεлˡ
ŵ˵ôĻ֮Щ֮УÿһһεлڻƶţûĿ꣬ûʶ㻺εš
ಡ
һεлֱӱս˹֮Уǹֽ֮һɴľݵҶεԺ֮С
ŵһƾ壬Ҷε΢΢һ£Ƿ
Сӣж컯ˣҪϷʧлд㣬·ڸҶĿ
ľٵ뵽ҶεԺ֮Уʶǿٵš
ҶԭҲʶ֮УôһСطٳŴľЩҶαʶ֮£ٵʧ
ܿ죬յع͹ȥˣǵһֵĲлγɵĹŲ˼£ֱʧˣһĨľ뵽Ҷε֮ڡ
һ·ߺãһǹž޲УȻЩʪ󡣵ȻϵķΪлġ
һ·ߺã
һ·ߺã

˷׷Ӧ͵ԼķʽΪͬС


1471 
أҶε巴ӦڵıѪ꼤̶ٲϵӣΪҲڿٵš
Ѫ̫̼࣬ܵҲʼҶΣҶεΪϵš

ģ
۷ŹؿҶΣ̾˵ã̫ˣǵĸվãɷ磬壡Ǻ󰡡
¡
ģһ״֮ǰͻأ
׽٣ô׽٣һ㶣ûоȵԼ°͡
Ļʮ⣬ͲӦû׽ֵֶģ׽ٵȷǳˡҶܲܿס⣬ҪЩлĴڣ׽ٵƵ
Ȼ˵лѾûֻԲ״̬棬ǱϾһ׽Ͽǵġ
Ҷβˣ˵һĨΣҪǵ廹ڣһ˻ӻֶܹ׽ٸɢˣڡ
ȫĸɸɾ
¡
һըŵڳ˻һ
룡˵˱˯ĶҲ𣿡
ģߵŭǹӷϢϵ˶һĭ
ٴηͲ¶ˡ
ಣ
һ⻪ԶֱϿգϸСĹ⻪ƺʱƮɢɵ⻪ƵʱȻ£ȻһԵľɢˡ
׶ӳ֣ȺһɤӺ󣬱û˶˯ˡ
֮Żָƽ·ʲôûз
ʱҶεΪѾ޽ӽڰˡ
ãһ֮˫۾䣬ֶҶһָһɾֱȥ
Ҳ
ң
һ

һ𣬲лǷ׷״һݾҶΰȻΪ
¡
ҶεڴһƵ𶯣һĨĿĹ⻪ڴȫ
ǿϢȥϵȴ̲ܶסغһ
µĴ޵еĴһ
žžž
һըҶεڴһ̣Ҷεң뷢裬ƮﲻϢ
΢΢һ̽飬ʱȻ˵յЩѾһ֣ѪѾȫڰҶȫתѾûˣû´ĻֻҪյĹСӾѹˡǱ̬
ллϣллλǰ
˭룬ϵĻ䣬ҶǱ߾۾ڵлȻѾϵĻҲ֪ȺĴԼ
ôˣüһ治ϷӰɫ΢죬ȴֵĺܡҶԽ磬Խ˵ΪǿᣬǱ
ܹӵһǱޣΪľǣ
ҶεһЦмؿǰˣ˵λǰлҶλ㾡ȫˮ֮Уܣ
Ҷβ䵽ϣȶڵı仯
Ϊ˵ڵȷǽ뵽˰ļıըֱ뵽бȽϸߵĵˡ
ֻһЩϣЩ࣬ڶĵ֣Ҫͬȼİ֣ʧܵĻϾŸոս뵽֮
úҶ۾ڵľ󲿷Ѿȫգʣµò˶ʱܹԶˣʣµֻҪ
Сӣôżʲôһ;ΪɻıǴæ꣬¸ո̤֮ҪúõظһҪļѵĻﴫҶ۾һȷǰˡ
ڹǵһʲộǿҪµġ
Ϸ֪ļԣǸ׼һΪĸ򡣡ɨһܣ϶Цݣſ˵
ллǰҶؾһݴʵ̫ˡǸսʵĻᰡ
һϢ֮Ҷβ˳ظ֮С

Ҷαչ֮ʣȴӭһΣ
⣬һ⻪֣һӴķÿһҷϱߵרӡѾ󷨸ֻҪ۾Ҫõˣһۿȥܹϳר
ɹ۵ķ׷ͬɽһķ֣ÿһϱ߶һ޷Զġ
ϣ
ţ
㣡
д֣ÿһֶĴڡ
󽫾󽫾ľ󽫾ɳ
ص󽫾ȻǵΧ
ЩǸոճ֣ǾһƬ˶ڶʱڻҲ֪д٣
ȨڣЦɫЩѿֵʱҲ֪һؿºѹȥˡ
˭ܹ뵽һ˻Ѹ٣ҶλԣǾͷس˹ҲǱҪľġ
СҶҪץʱ䰡Цаȴһ࣬˿ҽǺͺµ¶


1472 Σ
֮Уɱ⣡ЦȻ̧֣һգ
֮Уɱ⣡һڸֽŭƱˡ
֮Уɱ⣡
֮Уɱ⣡

ʿͬģŭϢ˿еƲ㣬ֱȥ
ЩŭɽһķϣֳӰλĴ󽫾
£󽫾ɳٺһЦ¶ѪļЦѾûкȹѪˣȴ֮һǿɶҪ
һڰ֣˵ˣҪ˷ʱˣ˵ǸСӺѶԸǳڵʱץʰǡȻǶôСӱϾǸ򵥵ĻɫҪΪҪ
ھͿʼɣľһӣǱһɾ˵ս⣬СĸͲ
ˡ
һǰʼۼΧ£ټϷγһɹɾ˵ľмƻĹ
ƿľ̫ˣ·һͷԶž
ƺǶΪһŭһ¡
ӴľӰһ䶼ܹűһ⻪ֱǶȥ
¡¡
ҵıըǸ߿֮УһɫĹâ֣ЩҲַӴ󹥻֮£òѡ
ϣΪṩȺȻ֮ˡ
ãû뵽ǻֱǲǿľϮǼֹĻ󷨿¼ֲ˼Σһ˾ŵȻģҲ󷨲ܵġ
ֻҪ㹻ȥһиܵļޡ
ڣҶֲ󷨣Ҫٳܵļˡ
Цɫһ飬Ÿæƽе˼˵󷨱мޣֵֻ˿ͻƶѣȻбƿһ죬ҪżˮڣֻҪǵУǹܴɣǿҪˡ
ƽȴһĪƺѾ˸׼
ҲҪɱһˣҲҪһӣ
ߣɲث֣󷨣λҳɱȥǼʶһǷɣһһչֿɱȻ˻Ȼ𲮿ǳĵһְ
ȻҶκЦ˳֮ĵλ½ҲĿ֮еĵλ
ɱǣ
ɱǣ

˷׷ѣһʱս׷ףٴδﵽ߷塣
ʱȴûһڲϵؽţҪȽ󷨸Ƶ˵
ˡ¡
Ұ׵ɳеĵطȻȥ
񱩵ֱӽΧһգκεҵֵĶᱻɻҽ
أ
ˡꡭ
ڵֵסǿ˲䱻һȱڡĹֱȱʧȥ»ָ
ǺǣҾ˵󷨸ûô٣㣬ҪȥζľһЦеĲм
ɳߺһһȵǾɣѾȲˡ
漴һ⻪뿪ǧĳ뵽֮ϡ
ϣֻһâ˸ٳôֱ࣬ӷ˹
¡¡Ŀɳ߱ըȴû¶һ㣬ǰš
ܿ죬ɳصȺȽܼĵط
¡
һʹధһȷѪꡣ
˲併٣û˿±УĲˡ
̳֮Уһ˶ĿӶ֣ɳ
ʱɳ˫ָһŮӣŮòڿš
۹òĴѪҵ찡ζζɣƷһ£
˵꣬ɳȻֱӽǼ׼Ů˵Ĳӣһҧ¡
󣡰
Ѫ˺ܿͱ˸ɱʬ壬һԡ
ζ˼ζɳؽлţһ˫ӣΧƺѰһĿꡣ
ʱѾ˷׷ŭų˹ôûп˱ѪĲҳ
ŭ˿־壬ŭǵԺֻ֮б֡Ϊȥͬ
¡¡
عӳȥԭŭŵǣѾ˻ҽ֫ûпΨп֮лͣŵЩѪϢƮɢϢ
ɳһ
ߣ
𲮼ģҪ˵ʱ򣬱ɳһƻӳ
ž¡¡
𲮵ֳһ޴ӡǶߵķһصˤ֮С


1473 ת
㣡
Цɫ˲ͨ죬һ޷ѹֵŭڿն
ʲô㣿Уϻɳŵ˵ѹûаЦ
ЦһҪһ㣬Ħһƣ˵ãȻǾЦĳ˻ɣ
أ
ЦҽŶأȻǰ壬һ⣬Ϊһֱɳȥ
Ц˫ţ˻ûһѾΪõĳǿߣȻűǿʵ
ɱ㣬ȻȸɾѪԹѪ⣡ɳشЦţϵسţЦŭ
ϧԴӿʼ˵仰֮󣬿ʼս֮Цͱһһģֱչ˷Ĺ
䣡
飡
˶ûٷϻֱֵ¼¡
Ѿһǣ¡
һϢɣһʰ
СѺСһۣǿսⰺȻֱӾͳȥ
âֱڿնȥײȥǵʵޣԸ¶ŲܹĬĻ˵һ֮
飡
ˡ
֮Уսޱȣֱÿռ䶼
ϵսÿһĶǣÿһϡ
⣬ʣľһˣĵصȴһյĹ򣬿ɫȴԽԽѿˡ
Ϊʱڣλ󽫾Կ˶ûˣ˵ˡ
ȺѾƺǻ˰ľ˫΢΢ţѾһϢ
ˣʱѾˣʱÿʼսˡľһϹһĨЦݣģ˹Ϣ
ľǰ̤һһ˵о·ѹնɱ⣡˷ȫɱвƱ˭ű˭ģǲ׼ڧҾͰȫƤ
𣡺
ɱɱɱ
ҽţʿ½һӸ߿յ£ܿǼ뵽ս֮С
Ϊ壬Ϊǣɱ
ӦţߵʿͬգЩʿⲫսһ
¡¡ıըڶʱʱ̶̿ʬԭûĴôߵĵطҲˤûϢ
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ѽҲû˰ǰ龰ľ΢΢һЦÿһή롣
˵ǲҲûˣӶ䣬Ц˵Ȼû˿Ŀ־塣
˴ͣصصͷһ仰˵Ȼһȥ
˴ⲻ˼ˣȵңæϣ˴һľսһ
뵽޾ɱ֮УҶ֮УȻ۾
оȻǰ񣡡ҶξԼϤ˲˷ʲô
һΣҶγϵ˵ǰʩ񣬵лλǰ֮ҶθмʰȺ֮Уǰ
Ҷ֮ӽƮɢ
ֵʱ򣬾ȻѾ֮ˡ
⡭֮ȻǿޱȰƽҶͳ֮ţھȻֱӳǣҺû̫ԶҶθпѣΪĴо˼ĺô
ڱչصʱѾ̫̫࣬һƶУѾ˰ƿء
ĿɨһǣΣеǣҶЦһһˣǡ
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Ҷεʧһֵ̳ʱ򣬾ȻѾǵĵ֮ϡ
ǵһҶͣȣȻץɳĲӣ
ɳֵؿźȻֵˣоûио
꣡
صһɳԴֱӱˡ
㡭ҶΣȻ㣡˲󾪣һбնɱɳʵǹֲˡ
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赭дĳĿš
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ˣס֣Ҷεȵ˶ֹ˹
һҶңҶΣˣ˭볢һ֮
񣡣
˶ɵˣ˲뵽Ĭ֮С
ȻʱһֲԶٶ


1474 Ұս
ҶεվյУ˵ĵҶ̫ϤˣǸԼͬͬԴһˣǶ죡
ΰģ߸ϵĲһ̬һڹȨƺ͵λǺ֮ǵĵˣҲҪΪ⼫ߵķ緶۷
˾þû˵ţӶԷпһ˿͵Ŀ⣬˸оĿоȻһ˿𻨣
ΣҶε죬ˣȫˣʱѵǸʬô
ϸҶΣ̾Ϣ̫⣬Ҳû⣡㾹Ȼﵽ˰Ϊ磡ܹõϢʲô
ĮĿǣĸ飬·һжڶ˵ʲôеһУӦΪĿĶҪġ
ҶЦ£޽ӣ϶˲ٵĺôɣǲ֪ʵôأ֮䣬˵ע֮ս֪ϲʣ˶ϰɣ
ЦҶΣڵĲСʵˣĻᱬǣҶһдܣ޸˵ɱġҪʵĹңҲһҲԶġ
ȻЦҶΣҿʦġ㣬Ϊʲô޶ɱĴ󽫾Ҫ֪Щ󽫾ĶͳһִߡǾȻɱִߣǲǷٰ֮
Ҷһ㶣û뵽쾹ȻڵԼ
ߣ⼸ҲִôƻǵĻǴ󣬶ҳ־ɱǵˣ˺ҪΥҼΪһζָҵĹ
ǺЦ󽫾ҪвΪȻйز˵ɱɱҪ˶һɱִԱ绹ˣ
Ҷһ˵ô˵Ĵ󽫾ɱʱǾֻ¾ˣ죬ţֻҪǸµģҲʲôڣɱҾ͸Ҿ͵ˣҲǴ󽫾ʲôġ
쿴ҶΣЦҶΣ˵ĵǺǣҪǲѵһĻ˶Ҫðʲô³
˵꣬ҡ˼ҡͼ·ǻӰһʧˣҶξ͸оһϮ˳ŷһ쾹ȻҶελá
ˮգҶεһȣҶεΧԲʮɵķΧȻʵʻһˮ
ҶνΪԺһܾԪؼܺιһʵķԾˮյͷųˮԪؾʵˮһʸСȻˮҲǿˡ
һҲûӰ쵽ҶղķӣҶֻһܿ˶һҳ˶λá
ǣҶһȭ󱳵ʱ򣬺ȻоǰһѾӰٴιʧˣ
ҶθоϽʹղŲȴĿƶҶλǸо󾢷죡ҶλͷһȴǴһ쾹ȻǽԼĲ׷ȻԼղҪ죡
⻹Ҷεˮ֮쾹Ȼܹһ
ۿŶ׷ϣҶοʼСתܶһλõһλã˵￴ȥ˲ƶģҶκͶȴмѭġ
ҶһСתܶͳԿˣΪתȨҶεҪҶεı󣬾͵öܺܶ·
أʶԿԼĽŲΪΧҶεǰ
Ҷεŭ𣬾ͼҶεϷĿĽ⣬ҶλȭͷȻżĽƿ
ЦúãǾ
˵ţһƻӳӭҶεȭͷȫâʢһƻӳҲǴɽХһƣ
ǣҶκͶȭཻڰ˲ͼĿֲĳЩΧĿ˾ҵĦһ߶ײĵطͷų
һʮĵâӰ£Ǹоһ
ҶκͶ챻Ŀֲ˳ȥԶſסΣ
һɺʤͷӶ˵ͷͬʱڰмٷУٴκݺݶײһ
Ʊɫ޹⣬ʵʵӲȻ˸оһĩյһĸо
һʮ£ҶθоԼĺͷ𣬿ĶײѾ˼ڸҲѪҲЩˡ
ƺϬһֱͣĶײϢ˵ϼͬʱһ˿Ρ
ҶϷĿĽɫʣǼǸڶȫɫĹס
˾͸оƺҪһؿڷ·ѹһǧʯЩˡ


1475 ĿĴﵽ
ҶǴﵽΪ粻ãûȫԸʩչһιҶεĿǰΪֹǿ֣ҲɲԼʵˡ
ķת£Ҷܹһֱ۵ˡ

ȫˡ
Ҷεܱߣ棬ȥʮƺնסˣͺն˿£ʱܹ̮һ
ڻ𺣵Уһȫɻ湹ɵĳʮɵľŻ棬˹ȥ
Цúã죡
ŶıȣΧĺâγһ޴УɫУһ㽫Ҷηǣڵâ֮Уеģһ˸޾âĹϢ˳
ͨɫԴСӭҶεͳȥһ죬ССԴȻ˰ٱһͷ
ţһѻȥ
Ҷδ󺧣ĳʼδģôҲ벻ĹȻʵ
ȻЦ溰СҶҪţŲٿؾûþʧȥս
ҶθϽԼ״̬ʶѸͷųȥҶεĲٿ£ڹĶͻҳ壬ɫĹ岻Ťͼµ
ãҶ˫˫ͼϺâĹâϽ˸ͻȻ䣬һ쳹صľ𣬰һֲľ޴ڲϱͷš
ֲ쫷ƾһܲɢϵ˾͸оԼʱëһƯ𣬵Ϸɳʯľ𣬾ͺĩյһ㡣
ǧҶۼԷĵˣֿʼһֵĹǣ첢ûиҶξҶ˫ӳʱӿһȻ˸ҶεĽӴҶа֮Զ
ҶβȻЩ㲻Ϊʲô
죬ôˣѵ㲻ųúôôҶսˣҪʹһ̡
˭֪ЦǺǺǣҵĿѾﵽˣǶһԣѵҪһçһƴһôǿɲҵķ񰡣ͬģҲķ񡣡
ҶβЩȻʲô˼ѵ֣͸ԼԽһ¾ʹĿˣ
ҶΣɣ͵Ϊֹˣڴôþͻ
˵꣬һתʧ֮䡣
Ҷκ׷ȥ쵽ǰʲôġҶûôڶĶǰ׷ȥпȡ衣ԼǺѾֹһ°ˣһض컹иֶô
ʣҶν䵽˵ϣе˿Ҷε˼־ηɫЦ꣬μȫû˴ǰִݵɫȡ֮һ°ء
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ھԵʵǰǻᶼǱϥԻȻһ־ηĸоǶؾԲΪǵʰǱֳ˲ܹɱĳǿ
ڣҶһֽȸУоǵĹעѾԸӵĵزϧƵƵ
ҶϴɽٿԺ顣
ҶԵһϵݣָ˵ǰٵΣƣеȨлͲڿܵΣбǵİȫ
£ֻƽһΪս׼Ȩܹʹܹڼֵսбȫ
ԭΪǵ棬ȱʾǿ֧ҶεĽ顣
ڻϵĴ£ҶιȨĸƽ뷨ϵõͨ
ȷҪ㹻սţսʱԱװһгڿʼеճʼתԱսʱ֮衣
ѸһȨ˳ȽеľػĽ裬ҶĺóֻǰԤʵѡ
ڳǿػ£ǵĳǰ֣ѳǰ˵ĸȫ򻯣ŵһֱǾͨµԱĹ᳹£ܶҶεԶĽսʿѳ˳ǰˡ
ȻӵÿһĳУҪӳǰ˵쵼һжսΪһĿġ
бһԱػıԱҪ󣬶ңǰ˽ļľӣҪػ쵼͵жĵϵˣһɰΥд
ҶβȡѪߣھܲϵĳУԵѹеĸλȫ¼ãϵ֮н
ЩĳУǲȡȰ룬Ȼܹϵģ̣Ȼˣͷģյһദ
Ҷε֮£ǵлҶε־شת䡣
ʱһܲõϢˡ


1476 Σյͨ
Թʽһͨ棬ͨݾǹǣ˵ġ
ָͨҶΣԶϲڣӢǿɱڼšⱾΪ²๦ѫĴ¼Ϊˣ˴Ϻ;ϵ˫ع
ͳ˧ҶΣԼ¾Ǵų켺Ѫȶõͷ
һ㣬Ϊͳ쵼ǾԲ鷢ġ
ڳһ֣ΪӦø²๦ѫҶͳ˧һᣬĵҪѪȶõë
ΪҶΣɳ󽫾ǽеУ˽ǵȴ󽫾˽⵽ֺĻʱ򣬾Ȼɵİɱˣ
Ϊˣ¸߶ӣҲǰҪյһֵϡҶɥĲ񣬾ȻҲһɱ֮
˽⣬ĿǰҶεΪѾ˷ǳǿĵزҶαˣҲΪʵӶҰĲ
Ҷβıɱĸ߼ǲԱڸͬЭǵԱıɱ
Щ֤ȷ䣬϶ʵʵ֤ҶΣѬǣҰĲǵҪϸԼúϷҪΧ綼ҪС
ıɱԱɱδ죬ͼΪһ˽ȫս֣Ҷεֱ飡
ڴˣگҪʵƲãˣһɲ׼иߣͨд
⣬ҶδĻҪԼİȨߣΪԤЩߴݻҪ鱨𣬶һгֵˣȡϸļӡ
ʲôΪԾнʹ
ҶεõϢϾϢ˽ϵϧ˾ʧһҲûϵϡ
Ҷεĸ߶ӣĻϵȥߡĻ·ϢҶͷһе߼ûн硣
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¦ǧɽͳ¦ңѾΪҪʧ˲١⣬Ҳ¦ҸֳܲɣҪֶԸ¦ҡ
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Ҷΰοһ¦ǧɽ¦ǧɽ£¦ȫԷһֻҪ˶֣Ƕİ
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ٺ¦ǧɽҶٴٿ˽飬ĿǰǺٵشΣ
һʱðɣҥ
͵ǰʱǾö¾ǰԵһ㣬һ̾ˡû뵽Ȼûû˱䱾ǡҾҶϷĶԣڶ죬Эûκγ·ģ
һϻͷƵĹҲЩˣǰ˵ֽڣǣǿᣬڻϾ˵ϹˣҲҶϵԣΪҪǲӦĻԷֻԽԽⱣ
ĺͳҶε۹ƫƫǶĺ֪Ҷѯء
һĺ˵ҶϣλҵǾãµĴǲûζܹӲӵͷôΣĻͻöиĿʵӦԡʱµʵɾѰˡ
⻰˴ҵĹûʲôָʵΪЩǶǿӸǵġ
һʱ侲һЩΪЩʵͻᱻ׽ӶԿʵö˿µĽڡ
ҶôۣʵעصǴҵķӦУҶҪԼ˵̬ȡ
Ҷοǣ˵̬ȣȫǱֳ˷߿Ҫ
ûз룬Ҫ£ٺõ뷨Ҳı䲻ͬεΣգ


1477 Ҳÿ
Ҷλվߵ˵м䡣Ϊϲµĺ֪ͣʱҶѾ˼ǣ˶Բˡ
뵽ĺ͵ϲɵ¶˻ĵ΢Ц
Ҷվ˵ǣ˵˼ѾȻˡԴˣƱҪнڵķһҪҿʵĿһ棬ǱҪķ
ﵯϲ¼һӰٴȫӡһ飬һпõЩȫɢȥҪǵ۹ָʵһֱ˲ȡıƣҪ˵Ĺ⼿
ﵯǡҶʾﵯ£ĺͼ˵ĺͣ£ɳƽǼҪͨϰػһ֧ܹս֮ʦ⣬սʵĴһҪ㹻ҪôӲ̣̣ʱս׼
ĺͼ˴ӦԺҶζЦ˵ǰ»ءһ󽫾ǾҪı䡣˴СѺС飬ҪǵʵУǵĺ˲űҪڵ˾ӢʱǲС
ЦҶϷģһ߾ȫҵ񡣡
Ҷɨ˳һ˵Ҫȥһ£ǵһĺͣĻ£ɳƽͻϹͬƹܡҿԽͶƱ
ˣʵҶϣ£ǿҪָӰôһȥһش飬ǲҪģɳ⣬˭Ҳ˰
Ҷ˵ڣҪľǲҪţҪĴԤ⣬ҲҪڻиڶֵĻӦҲÿˣǸۣΪ۸ء
һüͷҶ˼ȥѵһֺݵˡһҶεİȫɾ˵ĵĴˡ
ҶϣҿеĸȥɡϾİȫ¹ص˵δ
𲮵˵õ˴ҵһͬҶζǣ˵Ҫϣҵʶһġ
Ҷ˵ҵģΪ⣬ǵĸֱϾġΪҪһǣҲʲôȫˣȫҾͲҪˡ
Ҷεһټ£ҲҲԵɣֻͬҶε뷨
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ҶҪľ˽ֻ˵һֵԺ󣬲ܹһЩƵֶΡ
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쵽䣬ֱ¦ǧɽ֪ҶӴ˴εʲô뷨
ҶɫȻɱ߾Ҫбɱľ򣬸ҶչѪɱģҪбѪѪ׼¦ģҵ˽һ飬ǾԲ¦Ϊѵġ
¦ǧɽҶιԼʲôΣյ飬˵¦ǧɽ˲˼¦ǧɽ¦Ҽʲô鶼Ҫ濼ǣΪǣȥǾͲǼˡ
Ҷʵ¦Ҿ֪һ£Щ̫ˡ
¦ǧɽһ˵Ҷӣ˵һ㰡Щ˵ģûʵۼΪҲͰҵĻʵˡ
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¦ǧɽյ˵䣬ӸտʼļѹڵĴ󲿷һ֡
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ǣмȴһֱòпֶζԸˡ
ЩЩҶηǳϤļ壬׼ңңңǧңңңǷЩе˱֧ߣ


1478 һվ
ҶһʲôˣЩ嶼ǸԼѪļ塣˵Ҷε˫մЩѪ
˵Ҷ˽˶ԹģǺҡ
׼ЩΪԼսһ¾ΪͼıֶΣʱȸҶ˶ԹĺҸΪӣ
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ЩҶߣҶѾϢϾҪٵˡ
ʱһӰҶεԺСҲ֪һôˣǵǼʴµһܺõӦ
尲һӦѾصеˡĽƻΪˣˮʲô⡣
뵽Ҷξ͸¦ǧɽ¦ǧɽȱʲô̬һоǵ͵£ȵʵʱڸȶľԼжϡ
¦ǧɽҪҶСס죬Ҷ£֮Ҷηգ˷ֱڵǷȥ
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ҶӵȺ˳ſڣȴسʿһסվסʲôģĶģ
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سʿŭСӣҿҲʲôطȻҵҰֵǣ˴ͷˣôʰˣþûˣ컹ˡ

ʮʿ˹ΧȺŵУϽԶֵؿһС
Ҷδ̴˵֪ү˭ô֪ôǿү֪ĺѣϽүˣȻǺÿ
ⷬʿЩԲ׼ˡҶ֮ԸôţҲ֪һЩġ
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ܿ죬žٵע⡣ľٹ´һҶ˵˵үĺѣôûأʲô֣Ķˣ㣬ҸүĺܵģҪðүĺѣԲ˶ߡ
Ҷһ˵Ҹ尲ʶģʱ尲ǳ˴£ҪңҲ尲ǡ˵鲻ǱɣҽҶǻʲôʵô
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뵽ٸϽʩҶӣ֪֪ô֪¿͹ӵ
ҶЦ㻹ʶ࣡Ҳãӻȷʵ֪˾λֵˡ
˵ţҶһٵ֣һöƷʯѾ뵽˾ٵСװкҪһǮ
϶ʱֳǫɫϽΧʿ񣬴Ҷȥӣ
ʿҵϽͷҶν˳ǡҶεеʯҳȥʿ޲ðҶα͵ǰ
ȳǵķҪԶΪȽϽƼҪĸ̼֡
ֵ̼ĵ𵱵طٵҪԭΪǮΪǿڴǮ˾ͻṩϼѵķ񣬸ʽزҵҲӦ˶
һЧӦĵطͻѣԽѣԽ࣬Խܹ˵


1479 ͥµ
ţҶκȻһȺȿֺһ糱ˮһӿȥ
ҶһʱȤЦʵЩȥʲôôǮһ
Ǹʿ˵֪˵ɣе˶ѾɱˣʣµŮ˿ɲ˷ѰѾ˺üˣһǾɫĴڰӴӴŮˣôĴ
߸ʿ˵ӣ벻뿴һˣûЩ˾˵ģǮһɱȥô
Ҷ﷢ƣľ治ԸĿáҶλ׶֣ӰҶļƻһ£ҶξͲȥˡ
ʿȻ˵ˣԸֵģҶӣǹȥܹء
߸ʿ۾һûҶӣҲ˸գȥȻٵô
Ҷһ£ʿ˵еͬһȥй㳡ȥ
й㳡λãʱһ̨ӣмŹļһ̨߮ӵ棬ıɫʵס
ۿͷܶһŰֺļһȻһ֣ΧĻƳͭ࣬
һźţߴ̨ϵлҪ˵ˡΧȺֹ̨ͣϵˡ
ֺһ˵λ׸ϣλүǣūѾĹͷˣõĻɫڽգŴҲԽڴڣʼ
ȺбĻֺҲûż˰µ̨µһʴ򿪣ÿһ棬ϳ˼Ůٸģ
ֺٴ²࣬ǰЩѹȥˡ
λõĻɫҲǱϵѳūҿɫƤÿһūĵͼһеʯϹأ۸ߵ֮ڴҿԳˡ
̨ϵŮ˶ӳһ۸ը˹
ҲôҲ̫ˣ˰ӣһеʯҲҳۣ
ǾǣôĸǮˣôȥ
һūôҪۣôıǮֱư
ֺЦſ̨µĲȻץסԱߵһŮӣǰ½һ˺
һŮӵļŮӵʱ¶ŮҪסԼ壬ȴǱֺקסֱۡ
˶ɵˣһľ󣬶ʱѻȸ
ҳһʮеʯСҪˣ
ôģûɫˣҲԼĵԣһѲʮеʯҳһһǧеʯˣ
Ӽ۵ΪһϾ˸żӼۣۿż۸ֱеʯȥˡ
˳һǧеʯʱ򣬾ûټӼˣΪѾǴ˵ļˡϾūɲܹƵĶ̫ǮЩֵ
ֺŹâ۸ѾǳԤ룬Ҫ󻯡
ϸӴˮӣѵֵֻһǧôûټӼˣѵðҪûټӼ۵ĻǿɾҪλ۵ˡ
䣬һʮּᶨҳеʯ
˵ҶΣĳֱŭԸӵĵزѪЩ˵ѪӵĳǣǸҶΣֻݾߣʱҵһ׼Ӧԣǳ鷳ġ
Ҷѡ˾·
еʯĿѾǲĸ߶ˣҪ֪ճͨƷĻҾǸߵʯһǧߵʯֻܶһһµʯһǧµʯֻܶһһеʯ
λһǧеʯļһҲںʹڳôһλôһżΪӵĿ⼯еҶ
ֺҲ֪Ӧ۸ļˡҪٵθڵĻ»ҶεǿҲǵˣǿǲġ
԰ֺϽɽҶ̨˲壬ǹء
Ҷοֺֿ̨Щֵ帾Ů˵ЩȫҪˣͰÿеʯļ۸ɡ
⻰һʱ֮Ҫֺ֪ؿжʮĳūҲ˵Ҫʮеʯ
Ǹʲô͵µʯǧƷʯֱǰһɽ̨ˣ
˵ڹȳˣϣң˭ҳôǮҲܰɡ
ֺ֪ˣ˵Լ۸⣬˼ҳôǮ˭һ۰˾Ҳδؾ͸ǰ
ؼǣóôǮô
ڰֺɵʱҶδӴָͳʮļƷʯֺһӣޱţ˵Ƕ˸ҿˣʱҪһëĻҰȫʱ͵ӣһˡ
ʮ鼫Ʒʯһǧϵʯ͵ʮеʯңҲ̫ôţˣǶֱӸķ֮һ


1480 Ŀ
µ˱ͦ޵ģҶξȻһ˰ôĳūˣôѵһСӣһ֣һ˾ȻϵǺѣʱ
Ҷߵ̨£ʿӭٴθҶο·ʱ򣬿ɾ۾죬Ӵˡ
ûӵĸ·ôϹǵĹۣÿ
˸ϽҶóһƾҶκʿߺ˳ȥ
ңҶͨ˵尲ǾʶҶҪ
õϢһҶ֣оһ¡ǽһٸӣҲҲȥ
ſڣȻҶεģˣһ˫۾جеĳͣôҲϴġ
ӦþҶΣ
ҶӭԼУҶ£ʩˣ֪ʲôָʾ
Ҷ˵´йǵگʹ֮֡Ҵ̸һЩǺ֪һЩʲô˵˵
ʱɫɷף֪λɱرģĿǰеΧڣǣֻҪ˵ĵطͶְ
λԸǻѪɺӰگ˵ģһĴ󽫾ɱʲôλҸɵģ
󣬴󡭡ˣ飬һûв밡ǶһУǡ
Ҷ΢΢һ֣Ļô˵ɣ飬ǲ㵽ͷϵġֻҪңһĪĺôô
һϵĺˮϽæͷ˲˵ʲôһǣ¾޶ģһĹΪЧ
ҶζЦ㿴ôųˣ£ûбҪôǲǣ
ڶԸΧ˵¼ϣҿνݵġ
Ѹû´֮ǰѾ׼ǵּǶϽڵ˲ȡɱĲԡ
ָּ£ҰԼƽ̫¶ĸȫɳȥǾصĵƦåַͳһж
Ѹһ£Щ˾ȫռƻȡ˷жǵжֻһ˼룬ǾɴɱǧҲŹһ
ڷжУЩͽɱۣԳԱһŮԳԱµߣϵʮţȫǿ
⻹˱ĲãһЩ˵ĸŮһЩᣬԻҲһ帻Ůζͻܹ赽ˡ
ȥʮ죬ΧڵˣͲֻʣЩıΪūŮˣشֻͣҪܹɱһˣܻʮַĻر
һΧڣ˻ϾҪˡ
սս˵һУʱ͵۹ۿҶΣҶһʱߣСǳܲҶεķŭ
Ҷεг˷ŭǣȴûбֳҶ֪ŭûõģΨֶβܹΪȥֻع
ҿǼʴ壬ɱˣɱǧ˶ûáΪҵʵ̫ˣֻҪһС֣ܹҸȼɽ̫ˣ
ҶҪٲó
ͨһϵֱ̱ڵϡղҶ뵽׺ݴһŨصɱɢΧֻɢĸоų
ҶοȻһ뷨һµĲΣһӹƶߡҪƹңһܰҴ뵽һԨеĴڡ
Ҷ˵ҿĲŻ£δҪƿ֮£һᷢ󰡡
⻰ǹ
滹ôˡһ־裬۸ֵ͡ڶϣڶ£Ƕ壡
µ͵㲻ĴǱµǿɾЩˡҶԾڿӵĻȻĹ
ЩޱߵĿգյĸԴò㣬Լû
۾һЩ˵ˣЩ飬ܿưҵŴҸһҵǣЩС˿żң˵ǰӰɣһȱȻ˸ˡ
ҶаЦ֪˵ĻֳȤʵʲô鰡ôǵɥ
˵ˣʵ֮ôȫų˱ģȻû̵ôǵ尲ôﱻĵĳ˴ֲʰ͵ȥ״
иֳһĨ֮ɫⲻСҪʱΪԼȾָҼ֮λܵ㹦Ͱˡ
ҶγɵЩ˵ͨɣ尲ǿвٵļġҹȥҪˣòµˣҪǶô֣ǵõĺ͸ģֱͻ᲻Ȱ
ҧ˵ʵϣǵĿĲڸ𣬶εĴ㡣


1481 ҵͼı
ҶεǰҲᱣʲôܣͰеͼıȫ˵˳
һأͨߵ֪һЩĻ϶һҪҶθԾֻ˼ˡ
ͨ飬Ƿ尲ٽĵؿǣһݵ㡣ڵؿϣеȫĤݵĶ
ϢҵһϲԶʾԸΪ˳ؿôô尲ô£ҲΪôԶʦڣһоˡ
뷨һҼ͢յĴھӧ˵ԼҪȥΪҿһҵ
ӵѡϣͳشķ硣ŴԼ֣ѡһļұҽȥҸ߲˽ģԼĵϵȥ̵㹦ͣ׷Ϊṩѡ
ֻѡһЩĶӳС
Ҷο΢΢Ц벻ȡڶ֮
⻰һ㣬һ
֪Ҷһʲôˣܹ÷⣡뵽ҶθղԼŰֳɱı飬ĶȻ˹ȵס
ҶεĻǾҪˣ
ôأҲǵһˣҶԲңǾͱҶԲˣ
뵽¶ȻľȻ飺ˣһжġ
ҶЦܺãҾ;ڸʺƹҵδȥҵҼ͢գ˵ոյõϢҶѾӵؿ֪ҵжɳĸָؿǾԮ
˳ɵˣҺûϵɣ֪Ϣ϶ǻȥԮڡԮѡϣ϶ɳڵĸ֣ʵŲϺŰ
Ҷο˵Ҫһڰ·ЩȫġҵõϢ϶ǻһŵġʱ򣬼͢նȻ᲻ϧһд۾ȻԼĶӵġʱ㸸Ҫˡ
ʱĿɿڴ󣬴󡭡ˣǼүǿǸϹŶǲ˵ġϣûվߵġ
ҶεЦΪμڵĻжܹҼλã
һ仰ıȻһҶεĻĵط
һֱ;ãԼţӦԼƿ²ܹչǣûеõӦеغ͹ػȻǵϵеӵܣֻҪ̨ΪԭϾͻӵϵ֧
Ҳүƴ̹ͻܵʱҪԭ
үһǵϵȵүһϵҪµϵ̳Ϊϵֻмһϵ
뵽¶һĨɫѾˣ˵ôɣ
ҶεͷǾԻаհ;ԮҸһ򾡵ġ͢ջˣɺˡǲɱ˵ġʱͿߥ㸸ף˵͢ΪԼĶӶҴƣ̫˽ˡ
ˣе˵ͨҪǸֳȥˣҪǳȥ֮ҲδػͬⰡϾҵʵ
һ㲻õģ͸ˣ˵Ϥ尲ǵ˴磬ʱ֪ͨھˡҶЦ
ʣҲ԰иͨѶ豸õȥ֪ͨô
ҶЦ˵ֻҪҰͨ˲ôҵͨѶĸҿȻܹа취Ӧ
һҧǳɣǾô죡˵ţͳһͨѶĵݸҶΣõͨѶġ
Ҷоһ£֪ôͨѶ磬ֻڻòҪȵһʱá
ʱʾ˵е˼Ѿѳūӵĺ͹ˡ
ҶһϸЩŮӣԺǡʱҶλ˸Ūߡ
˵꣬ҶξӰ˴ǮͰЩŮӷŵ˽լԺС
һУҶκҵŹغãϸожÿһ̶֮Ҷθǳȥ뿪ǣΧһռڵš˳Ϊпзԭ򣬾ֻܴ
ǰҶεİţҵҼ͢գ˵Լ尲ǵһѸԼϢ˵尲Ϊ˹ȥѾǵҶΣ֧Ԯ
˵ҶѾӦҵˣɳĸָϸ尲֧Ԯҡ
Ϣ͢ͷһһشӵĿ͢յ׶ӰǿǵδӰģȥ̹ͣƶƽҪ׺ݵĶ棬һˣǿʧ޴󰡡
͢ټеҪ￪ôӦľơ


1482 ·
سȥģвٻƽεĸ߲Ƕɳ˵ϵðΪԼҵĶӣҲҪһʧѡ
ѾӦµؿǣҲĬҿµؿǵͬʱԼҵôԤĿǲܸıġ
̶׵͢˰ܽǽ񣬵尲ȥڡǿ콾һһ곤ߡ
ܽӵϾʰһ·ǲ֪ǣǰŸոշǵĵ棬ž˰ϸ㱨˶֡
ǸոշɳûжԶԶյһӰǡôҲ뵽ԼļſڣȻ˵ȥ·
ܱиԵ֣ԴӱΪ֮ǵ־гƺֱľˮ
ŭһֱӳȥһֱȭֱ˵ȥ
˻ͷ΢΢һЦȭͷӶδһ㣬Цһȭؿڡʮ죬ȭͷҪҶεؿڵʱȻʲôҶΣ
ѾղסԼͷˣƴȭͷۿžҪҶεؿڡǣʱҶε˫϶ȻŰ׹˲˳ĸ첲ͲȥգۼͰʵʵ
ļµĿֲǵڶĹ²һĶѵ
ողҽһûϢΪѾ»һ࣬ļ϶˳
ųܵĸ֣ȻڶԷһ֮䣬ôңһ֣ʣĽܸɵˣ
ҶΣֶδҲ̫ˣѵͶ֮ôʹô𿴵Ĳ״̲סʹ
ҶЦһ˵Щ޹ô˵ѵôʹ޸ԩ޳Щûκֵôѵһǳʵʵĵ죬Ҫô
Ƶ֣˼εĶʣµӵ̾ᡣ
ıƶȷסҶεߺ󣬼һӴָͳһһĶȻûһĶʱ򣬶һһ
֣
ӦʱѾһӲӵצץסҲһθԼŽܵϵͼ;ýⶸȻʧŽһʧģԼ
ֱԼ۾Լƾʧˡʧȥĵطûиоʹ
˺һֱѪŷӦ˴۴ĸ˵ʶ̣˱˿Ҳûо
Ѷֵ߶ס󣬶ԷȻܹƹڵ׼ȷԼ֣㷴Ӧʱߣ˼άûи
£ʵ̫ˣ۴Уʹôʧ̬ǶǾԵʵ˲ֺ޷֮ľʧ̬ˣҲֻôйԼĿ־ʹ
ҶεϽһְĶȫ͵Ҷε
ǺǺǣԭԮź򰡡λ˵ҵĵͷôյӦʹһиðҵˣôԼ˰Ǿʵ͵ҲҳȥԮˣ
ҶεʵӴ˵ģ仰˲ɵûһ𣺡ҶΣô֪ǴеĿĵģѵӦңӦҵġ߲㣡
˵Լжϣ𶼱ԼĲ²סˣ̫ƶˣܳȥԮ飬Ҹ߲ոγɵľ飬ʮأ˵ͨӵܣһЩв֪飡
ҶεЦѾҪˣؼǣǶҪȻȥҪΪ۵ľûŰֵϰߣȴϰߡЩ֯Ԥıȥ˾飬ǵһ¡
֪Ѿܹ˵ˡ뵽ȵˮľһסҶΣܣȥš
ԲĴڵʱ򣬾ֻһ·ߣǾƴҪϣԵסǿĶ֣ڳ˵Σ
ˮľ˻ƥĹâһɱҶΣҲԥתܡ
ֻҪһʱ䣬ܹܵǿĿзϵͳУǿķϵͳУԴݵ÷ϵͳı䵽档ʱҾܹõѶͻ޾ֹæ
ţƾԼ˵һһʱǾûġʱоԼ·ˣ뵽̶һжѡϼ䴫ĸ֣ˮգ


1483 Ҳǻ
һƬˮһڰѸӿҶε˾͸оԼٶڼ½ʱ䣬͸оԼٶȾţһ
Ҷοһǰʱоٶȼ£ԷԺɾ
˭֪Ҷ˵ļ˵ȲżȥһǸܵġ˵ţͼҶͻأʧһһգ۵ʱ䣬ͳߡ
ҶЦ˵˵ûᰡ㿴ˮ֮صıԵԶľˣҸʮʱ䣬ֻҪܹˮ֮صıԵҾͲ㡣ʼʱʮ
ΪԼǱˣû뵽ԷһۿǰԶľ룬ȼȥϣɫͨ죬Լ̵ľʹˣˮ֮صıԵȥ
ǣˮ֮صռ䣬ˮÿһܵ
ԽŸϽˮ֮أȴƴȫſǰŲһɵľ롣
ǺǺǣǰһɣϣʮ֮ǰܳȥӴߡҶһ͹ļƣû˸ͼʱ
˵䣬ʱѾȥˡĳ嶯Ϊȥʱܳȥһɶ룬ĻʮʱܳȥǴ´ġ
ζֻԼ֪ΪʱԼܹϵȫʹˡĽǣȥĳɼܺãȴѾӽߵ״̬
һһֱܳȥٰ³Զ𿴵ҲԼôˣˮ֮صıԵ̫ԶҶûҲ֪ԼܲˣԾ͸⡣
⻹ǺܲģһڱסҪǱܵʱõһֳֶΡͨͿ԰ĸܴӶרһ顣ں£ǿͷųҪǿлָĻơ
ֻȫԵԼҪĶ˵һͻ޵ĺ÷
ǰһɣʣ¶̶̵һɾˣʱ㹻Ӵ塭ʱҶκǰԼˣϹ
ۣûסһ˳һжʱ嶼ʼ΢΢ζˡ
ͣʹԶˣҲʮԶˣġҶθ΢Ĺ
ȻϵĹâʢʹóȼԼԪ˼¡ܿ죬ǰŲ˼ۿˮ֮صıԵ͵ǰˣʤͲһ֮ң
ͣͲһȥˣһʱ䣬ԼǿԳȥģһҶμֱ˷ܵԸӣǼĺ޲ðһѡ
Ҷκеļʱˮ֮صˮ֮أȴȻҳ鶯ۣһʮѪֹͣ˳鶯ƮڰյС
𼸺ʹóȻˮ֮أѾľԼԪˣ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ϧˣӮ˱ȴ˵꣬Ҷһ̤ղǰ
ҶΣʿɱ裡ǼˣҲûʲô˵ģǣ㲻ôǣ۾ҪɳѪˣ
ҶεЦڴ֮ͥ˺һ޷ſŮµʱû仰أҪϣҪܹȥԿధֵ˾ʱûǵأ

Ҷΰ˴Χڣ˵ѡĻڼõѡڣҳȫǡ
˾֣ǳһµɸ߿հ䵽棬ǿˤʣ
ĸоǺХķԼֵĲҽ
ʱҶΡͨͨѶģҶΣͨıƣѾ֪ܹˡ
һţΪǱѾϵˡһͨڸ߼Ѿס尲ǵؿǣ׼ѵؿʰ
ĸѾˣΪ͢ҪɸֹȥԮǷǳ˽ΪҪ֪ͨǻǰҵľӢȥ
õӵȥ֪ͨڵѾͶҽͬ͢ˣϾҪˡ
ϢϢҶҪľһʱҶε
Ҷ֪еĿģѡȵ尲ȥ⣬ǵؿȥ
˰죬Ҷξ尲Ѿ䶨ʱҪȥȥؿǣϾһ֮ء
Ҷȥ尲ǣѼָʾ尲ϵˣԼˣֻҪЩûΣգʲô˵ˡ
ϣ˷ֿȥ尲ǣҶǷ˵ؿǡ


1484 ó
ҶһɽۿҪӽˣȴȻһסҶΣվס£׼ȥϿɽɣ
˵ţ˾ҪҶΡҶһ˲ǵؿǱˣ֪ŪѾˡ
ҶҲ˾۾˵һɨʩչ˶á
ĽҪǼ̣Ҫݻ£Ͽȥۻ׳ۣȴԴҰһ㡣
ѾռˣȻҶβʶһܹӷϿġ
ҶûпֱӾ͸ɵ̨һ·ߣ͵Ĵ
վ˼̨ϵλãԭڷŵĹѾЩȫһˡ
ڰͷתһߣЦ˵˵ǽ㸸׳˵ؿϯ£޽ǰɣѵҲôڤ粻ô
޽ЦȻ˴˵Ķ䣬ǾͶ϶ûиĵĵû˿Դˡ
ʱһˣİɣؿϾʣһӤҲ˵ġ
Ҷϡǵã뿪ؿǵʱСＸʹϸγҲ»պԵһؿǿġû뵽ʱ̻ˡ
ڿϸһĨ΢ЦŮ˱ȽһףСͽˡ
䣬һͷļһߵǰǺǺǣСÿֻ뷨ǺģǸ翣ڶѱĴʲôõģǸŸңܱĺģһᾡΪŮ֮Ӵ
˵ţƤ͹ҪС
޽˫Ŀ࣬ȵſãб³ˡ
ڵıס˷׷ŭͼ˼ҵľԿ£еĺ˺вĶ֮
Ѿǲ˾Ө⣬Ǵ˻ֻعģ첻ǲŹģ
ԽĺУӼһɳ嶯ϲ滨һˡ
ȻȻоԼǱסһƾôʹ޷ǰŲ֡
ڷ׵һΪ;ǰһһӰѾסڳԾСҪ֪ȻЩɫһУǿǵõҵ洫һΪС
ǰˣͺͻȻӿռѷĳһĳֹûܹסأԻھ֮С
ҶɭȻˣؽܵˮĳͷǰɣѡǻˮ
˵ţҶһ֣ʩչԪؼܵˮܣڻԱ߻ûһԲˮ
һɵþϲӣˣˣҾ֪һǵģ
еؿǵһȫڵأϵҶζĤݡ
һϽȵ죬£
ʱٶ˷ſԼеˣȫҶΡҶ΢΢ЦһţʱΧһ״ǽ˱תǽһ죬ˤ䵽ϡ
ںȻʶԼһ󣡸ղ˷ܺ˴֣ˣĿоҶΣ
ڣɲԵģ뵽ʶܡȻͷո𣬾;ǰһҶһղѾǰ
ڣδҵĽӰˣǺǺǣ飬ǲᷢˣҶ˵
ڻû飬ǰʱ򣬶ĸ֣ÿһҲǾ˼ϸòġ
ԣڵûоڣۿԼСڶԷУһʱûӦԣ
˵ĿģԱһῼһǣĻֻһ³Ǿ
ھٺͿҲ֪鲻˵ȥ˵ȥˣͻᱻͷͬʱҲǱѼо˵ԼӰ˵λòǸ͢Ҳܵǣ
ǣŴҲ˵ȴǸоԷһĹâžԼԺ·һӰӽ롣
ڳԾط֣ԼѾܿƿʼ˵һЩˡ尲Ǻ͵ؿǵļƻ˶ˣԶʲôص㡣һһʮһûбȫ˵˳
˷ŭͱĵ۹⣬˵һв˵ģȴǣҲҪңܵвʱҲ


1485 ǿ
ڵ仰˴Ҹ޶ȵıġ˶ڵıֶǸģҵ˵ʧǷŭ
ΪδĽӰˣҰһеĿⶼŵϣнֹ⣬ȴǰ˸ˣô䵱δļ
ڵһٸԩЩȫ˵ģҪ־ѾĿˡ
ĽҶҪġһ˿ɫҶϿסڣһĶ
Ҷɨ˻վΧˣⶼڴˣؿͽѾȫڵˡ
ͻȻ䣬һӵܴеλֵܣǲҪҸԳͬķܣ֮ͨܣܰȫץסˣ
˵꣬תҪӡ
ǣûתȥ϶ʱһסѸû˷ҽѾʳ࣡
亹ʱ˳ÿһ˵Ϲ£ֶΣֱвŻֵĶû뵽ھȻʵչǰ
ҵûŷˣҶεֶѾǳˣ
Ƕץ׼պȫնҶ
ҶҪ޽ϽһƺƴƣʱҪһϷ
޽ҲûʣϽҶεȥ
ǸͷԵˣ尲ϲû̫ķˣǿסҵļ飬Լ˶ľϡ
ҶθԼѾһѾȫסˡҶھã尲ϵ飬ûҪԹȥڵؿϣܰá
Ҷһƻռƻ¡ƻѵȻٰһ
Ҷϰڵ˳Ҷûиڷϻֱÿסڣڸ尲ϵ硣
ݣȫҶõģ尲ǵԮ˵Լڵؿ⵽˳ֵķڸԼߵѾȫûס尲ǵ˻پԮ
Ϣܿͻ㱨ȻһأϾǺ͢ģڹǽˡ
Ȼ֪ЩôģͶЩʹӾ͸ˡ֪ⱳ󾿾ô£ҲûôаЦȹЩʱС˾֪ˡ
ڵؿǵ˾ηžȵı顣ʾӦþܲһвͨġ˼֮󣬾ȡΪҵֶΡ
ߴң˵ؿϵĸ֣пܾҶΣǸܲ޷ԵˣΪ˽䵽ҶˣбҪȡǳֶΡ
Ǿ˻ˣǰ尲˷˵ľҲҶΡڱסһϵҶεˣҪЩҶƵˡ
˲ǰһƽʱ򶼾һ־裬еŰ裬û뵽ؼʱ̻ܹĺð취
Ȼ򲻹ҶΣҲûİ취ֻܰ˼ȥˡһʱ䣬ޱȣָеΣֵ֮ı֡
ӵܿɲ尲ϴˣҶһ뷨ǱűȽϺãһ䵥ˣǿ̫ԩˣ
Ҫһƽ⡣˶ΨһӢ󣬸ߴңʱǧܶҵ磬ҲҪֵǸȳ
Ŀ´ʣõ˴ҲرҵӦ尲ϵģǸӵܣ̹͵ģҪΪҲϧһдȷʵΪˡ
ȺˣѺҵˣ·ˡ
˵ؿڵλãޱţڰкţҶγ𻰣
һɤӣӵһҪ֪ҶοĴɷǰʵģô͵аˣһҶβܲ˵Щȫˣǿô찡
ǣӵҶΣƽ˵ǰָСͦģȻҵΡһˣѵ㻹ô
ӵܸоԼȶе㷢ˣƣ˼볹ˡ
˭֪Ȼ治ɫ˵ҶΣҪĻүҲͲˣҹǸ̸ʽ׵ģŴһߣ
ҶЦǰôұŵ尲ϰնɱû뵽ԼˣʡҲ°
Χɫɷ׵ӵܣ˵˸Ҵ
ӵܰȫƵǰ棬ЦҶΣˣ˵ѣѵ뿴ô
ҶɫȻһû뵽ȻôɣȻǣ㣬ҪҶһëҾÿ


1486 㶨
ȴ˿ûܵӰ죬ϳ˵ҶΣ˵ģвģҪǲܰҵ˴ߣҾһˣ
⻰˵ôȻӵܾ岻ѣ
Ҷһ£˰ԼͳͳѺȻЦ˵ŶˣвӴҸɱҵˣɱҵô
˵ţҶ־һˡ
ԵúǾᣬȵҶΣɱҵˣҰ˷ˣҲ˷ˣΣ
ҶЦһһ֣ٴΪ谭ӵܸʳ⽴
ҪˣɱҵˣҪ˵ۣ仰൱䣬еȫ亹ֱð
ǧҪҶˣ֪Ҵˣ㲻Ҫ㻹ϿˣѵҪǴô
˵ǱѺڣˣ˵ıӣ
ԴǺȵڣס죡Ϊ֮ӣӦΪ˼ˣɵãȻԵ˱ϥ˵ĻӵǣǶҵδɲڵǰҵˣ
ӡˣеԹͶеڵϣΪ֮ӣʱȻ˵ɥģ
˵꣬͵һͷϣʱҲҶεЭ飬˫ʱ򣬰һЩ谭˸ɵ֪ҶʰʰˣԴϲ
ҶΣΪɱˣҲһ⼸ʮӶɥҾԲģ
Ļõ˱ҶοƵһЩй˵֧֣Ƿ׷׽£йԵӵܵݣ
ҶκѼΪ谭ӵܸˡҲһܸܵɱˡΨһļ̳ˣҪƫıĶҲǲˡ
Ʒŵ빵ͷϣ˵ҶΣүӣҪˣٸɱҵˣҾͰҲɱˣҪ尲ǵ˿һʲô³
Ҷɫϱ仯ڷŻ˵ǻǻཻɣֻӴԺ˵ģҲ̤ؿǺ尲ǰ벽
ˣϴʾܾУס
ʱһеҶˣҴҷģӴԺҾԲ̤尲Ǻ͵ؿǰ벽
ȫȻĵľȻڣݿǷͬһ㣬жԣµԣǶ˵ǾҪϵģ
̾ϢˣȻô˵ˣ޻˵ҶΣǽʣ㲻öǽйǰȫصǣ
Ҷεһ˵ɽ
ӵˣ˵Ƕ߰ɣѾܴĵطˡ
еӵȫ˵ǣû㲵ڡ
򵥽һµؿǵ飬Ҷ尲ǵ״
˵尲ʵһжãԺȫסˡֻҪˣԼȫԿסġ
ıҶξͷˣܵѾɵˣ빿Ҷβսʤʵ֧飬үҲȫ֧Ψһĵˡ
ȻؿǺ尲ǵ鶼ƽˣҶϴǱңǡ
ҪǽҶλҪһ飬ǾǰпܻγвĴȫ
ҶͼƻõģǵϿգҵ˿зĽڵ㣬ҶԼǿǿаѿеķͳͳ飡
ֳôĶ˶ʱһʱ䣬Ҽ͢ջûڵ飬ϾҵľӢӭС
͢˫Ŀ࣬ĶӾѾʹĴڣҶƻӣҶθˣ
ʱ͢ǰжֲˣľֻҶλĶӣδѾ͢ʧȥǡ
ҶΣ̫ҸҸƲûңû㣡ҵ˶ţǾ͸Ҷƴˣ¹ҵеֻǰ׼˺Υߣͨ
ҵһˣЩѪԵģ˺ģԥΧסҶҪϵưҶθûˡ
ҶûиЩκλᣡ
ʥնҶεıȣƶʱסգ޾ķУʥնո
ȵɢе˶ɵˣΪڰյУѾûһ˵Ӱȫǲ֫ϱۣ޷ƴճһΡ
ѪԵĺ󱲣ȫɱۣûʶԼɱȥȫһɱʽΪ
Уǰ棬ȴҶһŸߵ˵档ʣµĳģҶμ򵥵һܣͰЩſյû˻ҽ
ʣµһЩˣһһĸӵܣҶε˿־壬󲿷˵ɫ
Ҷɨһۣһݣʧˡ


1487 
Ҷ͵͵Ǳң棬ֱ˵˵ԼĵǣеĻȫóٵ
ȻҶǿǮƵģĵľҼʮ˻ĳ͵ĳЩǾԲҵġ
زûּۻ۵أҶҪԸͲʲôֶΣֻҪһ鹫ھܹ֮أ
˰죬Ȼ뵽һ⣬Լʱҵݣĺö͵͵ҶٺԼ˼õĶӲ˵ڼѳģͰѾΪڼõУԼҷڡ
˳ţгвͬͳͳǿҲȲԼۿǰ컹һңȻڧб÷ƹܣ˲ʤꡣ
Ҷۼⳡڧ֪ʲôʱһ֮ǧֵú֮󣬾ԼСĵ㣬ǧڵ
ǧҵǼʴλѿȫ۾ںϡ
һȽ϶صһԲ򣬶мԲЩԲ
ϣԭǾסĸ壬ǧұƵģѹ
ǧұ˶ȣʼһİ£ȫ̵ȻγһռһԺմ壡
Ŷų⣬ǧҿʼмƻĿĵĿʼģˡ
һӣһ׵ĴֱµĶԱߣǧ˸˽̵߳ķֽߣһǧСķΧվҹ
ʱֻΧڻóߣֻҪгߵΪǾֱӵ׵ĶѨС
ҹۣûˮûʳ£˱ĥеΪܲ˶˶ѨеΪ岻мֲס˶Ѩеӵ±ߣǧӽ˶Ѩ
ܹӱҴĲˣһٶ˼Ǿס˿飬ҲһϢǧ˼֮£кܶѾ˵ˣǱӽС
ǧҵĵ̣ǱȲƾʷ³Ĵ塣ǵΧҶε׶ķûʲô飬Ҷξʹ˺ΧһƧĵط
Ҷʩչ仯˺ӣҵ˵ĵط̽ڵһӵķȥ
ǧƺŰķһˣҲͣ죬ϾͿʼһ
ҲܲˣŰˣƺ˺ϵľֽĿ
ӱѡǧʮɽϣӶܲĴֱµĿӶԱӡ
ҶθϵʱǰһĻҶηŭޱȡΪٲȻһУһѷ·ǿһɢԱγ˹ۿȺ
ңǰ滹˲豸λˮģСԵģһӦȫ˷ͺʲô͵ļɢһ
ҶǰȴȻһסˣ˵װǰиǧ֣ǧҵˡ
ιʲôģôǰҪʲôͦᣬüĿʵ
Ҷסŭ˵λֵܣҾ뿴ֲ֣ɣ
´һҶΣһ˵ǲֻǰŵλöͷ˾ü۵ӣҲǰ棿
ҶһӴָͳһϵʯ˵ǰһӣҲǰˡ
ǮʹĥƹһҶγô󷽣ϱһü˳۵ӣûβͣҪβ͵Ļܹҡˣ
˺ͿҶҵһλãҶ£תȥæ֮ˡ
ãһȺȫװǧˣѺһǧڵ˹ЩһĿͣһȺ׵ĸһ
ߵ˿ӱߣ˱ͣʱһ쳣ߵǰλѵ͹⣬˵ˣʱ̫ˣҪʱ䣬Ҳôҿʹ㡣λ۸ˣͿ̼ģ
˵ţһ֣ȫװǧ˿ʼľеһǧӵĶڱڸϡ
˾űһӵıԵۿԼ׵Ŀӱߣɵô
˵ļУùۿȺһͻеʼ
ڣ˱ϵڣҶʹķ֣ЩһСĿռڼ˱ӡһ˵˭Ҳ׶ΪһͿܻɧ˻߾ǳȦ
ֳȺϷе˹˼סˣԼѾˣĵľǿֶܹãֻҪסˣһյֽǮ
ȻǸͷǧ΢΢һЦһơЩǧᣬӻͳһںĶ˵Ⱥһӡ
飬һıը


1488 
ڱըУЩʧ룬ʶͶűըȫǱܵķӦû뵽Լôһһͬʲôĺ
һңӱԵˣвΪҵӵӣΧһЩˣǱͬ˻ߣ
˾ֵ׹ûͬ飬˹ۿȺ顣һЩҶεĶз̶
ҶҪվֵʱһľٶҶεע⡣
ĸףȦ⣬չ涨ĸҪӽӡ¸վ˳ָǧ˵ǲҪҵĸףһһҸף
ǧǸͷһһѾͰק˳Сָ֣үô˵ãȻôТ˳Ҿͳȫ㣡ĸһӵС
˵ţһ֣Ͼ͹ǧˣÿһˣһסһסǧһʹʱȻһ֣˾ͻӡ
ס֣Ҷδһվ˳
һɤӡǶŭʱըװ쳹ɽȡǸǧΪ֮ˣеȫŵõڵء
Ҳδ⣬һ˵棬вٵ˵Ȧ⡣
Ҷα仯ԭģĿΪ֮ˡ
Ϊ֮Ƿŭ̶𾪣ָҶ˵㣬㡭ҶΣҿܣϿţ˵Ҷεˣ
Ҷε˻һޱȰʶҶεŷգۼ͸ɽȣ
ܵȺʱоԼԺǱһŹһ׷ױԴ˵ϡһЩ˾͸оһӰ뵽ǵԺУʼٿǵΪɾǵļ䡣
ҶɾģЩ֪Լֵμ䡣ǧҸҲһǧҶûд˵ģһҶҪǧҵӰ죬ͱְǧҵܵĸ
ҶߵǸǧͷ֮˵ǰ΢΢һļ䣬Ц˵ԭǧСܼҰô쵽һ治򵥰
ǧŵûһ£Ҷ󡭡ˣô֪ҵֵģ
Ҷ΢΢Цûʲôǿһļ䣬ֲҲС
ǧʱɸ󣬴󡭡ˣŻҰңҡ֪ҸһЩԲ˵飬ǽɼ
ҶɫһͿѵ㲻֪ɱ˳仰ôٺ٣㻹ɹ飬룬Ҫǧʢ֪ˣ²Ҷ֣ܰˣ
ǧʱ嶼ˣ૵󣬴ˣʲô˼ôҸأ
ҶηŵǸǧʢСһȰɣҪȻôһСܼҵλãʶǳЦǧʢ׶ҲûǨɣңǧʢǺܳ谮һȵС檰ɣ
ǧһ۶ˡΣҶεУɫ
Ҷΰǧק˵ʵأ飬ûҪǧʢ֪ԲԣС˽ͨǿҪǹνȻģ
ǧˣһҪ£ȴҶθûе¡
󣬴ˣˣǧܸҶ§ȥȻңҿɾˣˣҪʲô͸һᡭ
ǧʱѾԼҶεˣڣҶλ˵ʲô͵ʲô
Ȼǧ͵ðһ仰ǧʢ棬ɵҰ˯㶼֪ǧʱ׹Լô˵Ļ
ҶЦǧļ˵£ֻҿ˵һ仰ֻ켸飬Ҿͻ̣һ㻹ܴİԶءҪûа飬ٺ٣仰Ͳǵҵ˵ˣǡ
ҶɭɭЦݣǧô᲻֪Ҷʲô˼вҪǲնԷĻȥղǾ仰ͻǧʢǰ˵
ˣ˵ʲôҾʲôԲ˼û̫ãǧܿ;Ͷˡ
ҶκͷܺãȻȥǧʢ˵һСС⣬˴ٷϰӵˣǧ˹Эӷ
ǧŽʵˣЩô
ҶϸֳһĨɫ˵ǿʼģǧһԲģ
ǧҶε˼ȥס㱨ˡҶתЩδˡ
ҶζǸ游ȥȤ֡
굱Ȼ֪ҶεĴۺڵ˵ˣҽйرˣˣΪôһλӢ۴Ҷţһܹȶǣ
˵رѾˡеһǰλŷɥҶΣ׷׹Ҷεǰʹޣ
ҶҲȻ˹򵹵˵ˣܿˣӽ쿪ʼǵĿӾҪˣ
е˷ŭǵ̫ˣ


1489 Ҳ
ҶôƽԹر˵֪ǻжǧҵĿ֮ô
رһ˵ˣԭʮ򣬿ǧҸôһ֮󣬴һ롣Ϊе˶ǼйģӦû
Ҷһ˵رȴ˵صĵطһ㣬Ҹǧ֮󣬾ͻǵġ
ʱҶξ˵ľһ˭ҲҶεİţرʣľŰٶˣشȥ
ûãǧǧ˵ĶƺƵ˹ЩͣѾܵûӰˣټһӣʣҶһվš
ǧ
ʱҶε£һŰ׹ûǧ˷ӦѾһסˡ
ҶβûЩ˸飬ǲٿһǧƶӵ档
죬ҲֻҪɿ˲ߣҾͷһ·׼ˣһ
Ҷһ˲ɿЩǧҵӵֹסµһЩһӵܣϽԱߵˣһƣɷʹԼƮӵԱߣܲҵǣûһܹߡ
ǧӵܵ䵽УЩûеȴڿӱߵˣоԼڹŹһȦȴûգһֱľо
ҶЦ˭ҲܣոҲҵֶΣܵĻֻøңҲܲףԼ˲ŻܵӱߵĻᣬѵáҾٸһλᣬֻʮ˻ԼŰɡ
˵꣬Ҷ˫ֱأǸղЩͿ˵һ̬
⻰ǧʣİٶǿҵɧҶε˼ˡʮˣֻʮܹҲ˵Ҫоʮ
ڹϵʱֻԼ˱ˣǺ˱˲ܻµļ˽Ӹֱֳ
ͷϾͶߵˣ֪ҶǲսʤģҪȥҪߵ֣
жӵΪߴȾԣôˣϾôˣ԰ֻܻʮˣǾӦԼǱˣ
һʱ䣬ЩƽֵܣŻԶѪԵϵˣΪʮƴĶΪչ¶ţеۿԼˣͱסԱߵһӣҲҪ汳ġ
Ҷǰûκηӿ𣬵ǶԸԼޱȵ׳ң
գӱֻʣʮɵһǧˡ
ҶЦϲǣĻᣬˣˡ
ǧҶεֶγˣҿҶһۡ
ǧȥǵļɡʧô˵Ĵ¼ǧʢеҪټһġ
ҶεĻһɺһǧ˳ǵĺ⣬ǣǧûκεܾҶεڣǧֻǸҶһߵˡ
ǧҶΣܿǧڵλáͨҶǧǧʢ档
ǧô£ߵЩأôһ˻ˣǧʢżʵ
ǧǧʢʣ˵ֻ۾ҶΡ
ˣ㻰أ㿴˸ʲôǧʢЩŭɶ
ҶεЦǧλ̫ˣɲǺܺð
ǧʢŰעеҶεϣ۲˰ΣףΪʲôоҶЩʶĸоˣ˵ĸ󻼣ҲǸŷɥҶΣ
ͷһǧʢ־һҶδǧʢ֪ҶοǸޱǿ඼еĴڣֻϣԼ䲻һܹҶαһ£ԼͿѰˡ
֣ҶһʱֻӲӵצǧʢ£һֻצסǧʢצȫǧʢҪֻͣҪҶ΢΢һǧʢ͵ñ˺ʮ顣
ǧʢʱã£ֻʣ۾ܹգһգ
ҶεЦǧˡҶҵŵԣİԶ߸߷ɰɣסǧҪϣİҪѳˡ
ǧﻹ˵ʲôҶ΢΢һϾˡ
ǧʢʱ򷴶ЦҶΣû뵽㻹ǧҵİ࣡챻Ƶˣǧĳϼˣôһʹɡ
Ҷγǧʢ΢΢һ£һƲѾһʶӶǧʢʶСҶԼǧʢʶµӣʼٿǧʢǧҪȫе
ЩˣҶεֶҲܹȻһѴȫոɾ¡
ûµˣƺǻҳһ࣬ΪȨΪ棬ǻһġ
ЩҶӦÿǵˣһʹ󣬰Ѻʣ˺Լµ꣬ȫ͵ǵľڡ


1490 ı
ҶԤϵļյϢ֮󣬱Ȼ׵
ãϢݵҶεĶߣʣµĺң׼ңңĴڴ˹ͬԿҶεĺԺĴ徹Ȼѡȡһ˱Ƚ϶ļֵȽϵ͵򣬽סϱߵˣƶʮ򣬾
ϵҲǲˣǿҲȦɵ㣬Ĵʵвʹ֮£ĸֻ϶Ѿɾˡ
ԣһεĶʮˣֱӱúų޷ǿƿ󷨸ס󷨵ֺܼ򵥣Ʊ󣬳ǲ󷨵ֽ⿪󷨣ֻҪ˴籩ƳĻ󷨾ͻԱǿıĨɱһУȻھۼΧһΧڵдڣظɸɾ
֮ϣ߷ϵĹڣĴĴӳϸɫԶգȴҶεĵ
һΣţʮΪʣҶαضᵽҶβԺҲ˷ѹһַʽʩѹ
ܼңû뵽һλǿ϶ܹҶСӸɱһĿ΢ӳ˵䲻شЩƨζ
ܼ΢һ££˵λҶܹQڣʵǿĿãܹƾһ֮Ĩɱ壬ʵǿᣬ˵Ҳ˵ǣһս֮бȻȥ
˵ĿۣܼҵһЦ˵ҪΣҶκǿҪȻҲҪˣҪñ׼
һƬĬüͷţȻеˡΪǸ׻ù͵ĺò£˭ȴǸԼĽݾ
ҵ˼һ֮ļӦĲϾֻҪնɱҶһжܺ˵ҲǳĻ㣬˵ǲǣܼԼĺ룬ҪƿЩһǹߺȣ֡
˷׷׵ͷǰֻҪܹĨɱҶΣǱߵĽ㹻ĿˣĲҲǲϾҿĹ涨ˣҪԸ˵ĺ塣
ã
ͬ⣡
û⣬ͬǿֻһˡ
ãǾ¡ȻܲģǲҪֻҪȫ֣һҶο϶޷Qõģ˵ˣǵĵƣɲܹ֪ģܼ΢΢һЦ֮еıɱü˶Щ䡣
ܼҿѾ䶨˰֣˵ֻҪôһԼڵ׻ô˭֪ȫΪˣúϢɣСò˶ʱϵġ
漴ְ˷׷ױĿ񣬸Ե״̬ӭһĴս
ͬʱǿյԶһҰĹ⻪ǰУʱʱɢǿʶ̽ΧһУ򻹻һ㣬Ժá
Ǻǣ벻ôżȻʮ˵вңߣһҪĴҲ޷ҶɫҪ꣬Χռ¶ƺ˼֡
ҶףһıĴʩչ޷ʲôֶεı
ܹ飬Լʱڸȥһᡣ
ǶʮˣҶξĴʱûеӸֱĨɱȥһҲҪϾЩ˶˵ĻҶο϶ȥ
ʱ٣ǿתҶεǰһŻɵӿ׵˸ƺһꡣ
ǰҶȴһص뷨ûУǰֱ㶵سȥ
ģ߷ڣܼ۾ǶǹűпЦݣ˵ãܺãСӾȻˣߣȥɱ
ˢˢˢˢ
ĵ⻪һѾסʮ˵ĴϷ
ʣһǼٽ䣬ڴﵽͬ߶ȵʱȻͣסǿҵĴ俪ƾˡ
ˡҶɫƽˮ³ô֣·ǰǧ޷벽
ܼҸɱЦɭĿضҶΣ˵ҶΣû뵽Ļɡ
㣿˭㣬ͿôˡҶβ̲˵ʶȴʱĵ̽һ±סĶʮˡ
Ʊ
ôڵ𣿺Ǻǣ벻޴ļһЩ˿ûмֶû˵ΪôһȺİˣװ׵治֪˵Ǵǰ׳հ΢΢ҡͷĶΧ¶ЩѾЩͲסҪˡ
Ҷγһۣ˵ôֻĸǾĸ˾ܹɱҵĻǻǲҪЦ˰ɡ
ܼһһ֣ҳɣ


1491 һ֮ս
ˡ
ƺһ£һĻ£ƬƬӰ֣Ȼȫװǿߡ
ɨһۣҶ΢΢ͷЦǺǵ˵Ĵ֮˰ɣ벻ΪҶĳˣǾȻôǹֱʰ
ߣҶΣ޵֮У㻹ܹųȥ𣿡ܼ˵Ҷεͬڿһˡ
ҶЦΪǿϢ˵ҸǣҶĳ˽ûдŻȥأ
ûдŻȥڿЦİɣ
˷׷ƲƲͣزм
ˣø˷ʱˣһ֮ˡ׳ϲм˵ѾȲؿҶˡ
ܼһֻ֣ļԶмڿն𣬽򶼸
ҶΣѳɣֻҪ߻лˣͱųȥˣܼҵһЦΪܹ׵ҶΣĴѾķ˴ѪõһЩǿİ
ɣɣҶĳһˣһɱƨҶβʾ˵ҪԼҪ˵ġ
֣
ģܼұһͬʱ˺˿
Χʶ˵ĸǷ׷׿ʼ֣ÿʮ˶һСսÿʮֻһսռķλá
Ϊ˸ɵһҶΣĴÿҶһٶ֣
һٶ֣ĸЩ˶ĨɱˣĴʵٵؼΪļ塣
һжǻģΪǴһֻҪһڣǵδǹġ
ʵʧˣֲԴĶѻ£ʮָܹģĨɱҶΣͻᱻͻƣʧʷĳ֮С

֮䣬Ĳİ˵Ŀ͹ҶοҲ޷ܵס
Ҷһ䣬˲ʧԭأȻȥ
ȫǶȸǣһһǿ߷׷׳֣Ļ˲佫ض
һƬͨ죬·ĩսһ㡣
㳡ֻ֣ͬǵĿ궼ĳң񱩵ĹȥƺͲĻὫҵ˸Ĩɱ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬Щ벻ͨԷô㹥ǱȻġ
˼Ҿˣ˵ˣԷаգˣ

䣡
񻨻壡
ҶһֱֶͷųҪ޶ȱԼսǰڵ֮оˡ
¡¡
ķ񱩵ײһ𣬽Ҷ˲û
˷׷ɫϲţֹ֮£ûмܹһʧ
Ǻܼȴɫһ䣬üͷţСӵǴ
ԭķӴ˲䣬ҶƾķӲڵķȥ
Щ໥ײԼܵѹ
һܹСĹ˳㻹ܹŶݵʱ䣬ûҳһѹ
ĹҪ˵£ǲܵģǰиҲһ޷ġ
¡¡
ѽ˴˿ⱬ
ʱ򣬻ǰĿռ΢΢Ťһ£һӰȻ֣
ʲôһֻ֡Ĳǹҷ
ǰߵĻ˵ôƯǣԼ֮ʱ˵ȿǵĿ϶ԼΣ
ǿֱײҶεϣȻ˺Ƭ
󣬻˼ȻֱӽҶθ˺˶ʱϲҪʱȴһ⻪Ȼ֡
꣡
ͬڶըһ㣬ڻһ࣬һӰͻȻ֣һСĴ󵶣ɽһ㿳¡
ٶȺ̫ǿᣬΧĿռ޷ܵסȻһϸĺɫ϶֡
϶ݼţڳֵ˲Ͳ˼Ϊǿҵ޲ýǰ˶սȥ
ÿռ϶յڶεעҶεĴ㡣
¡
ͨԵݺݵײ˴ս֮ϣȻͻȻҲСֱӽλǿγɵķһ޴ķ϶
˶ʱ뵽˾֮УҶɱӰ֮£Ȼв˵жһ⡣
Ҫ£һ֮Ʋǵİ˷һǿ룬û˰˲١
ͬʱ֣һƱ˵ĳҶΡ
һ֮£ҶֱʥնĨɱˣˣܵĸǽӽһ롣
ŭգǵһν氡˫ûи˽Ḷ́һֱӳɱ֣šһֱųǻǿ䣬ΪֱƼ
ôǰһӣҪǲŭǿɾ˵ȥˡ
ҶΣȥɣģ


1492 

¶ȶ
һƬƾȻ³Ҷεǰ
ҶΣ죬š
ĸһӾʧʮ֮һǴŻҼԴȫ˷˰
ϵܲҪŭҶεڵˣϳ֣ʰһܼ˵
һ˳֣֣ͬķεסҶΡ
ҶץŻᣬǳ˻
ʱŭһֱڴүҶΣû㣬û㣬ΪʲôͿӣ
ΪֵķȻҪеģޱȣնȼȵ¶˶Щܲˡ
͵м䣬иͷĶӳһΣͺ⣡
⣿
֣Ҷüͷһ壬ҲǷӦЩΪʲô᲻˼໥ˣԭĳִлķ
Ȼһ̣͵һɫ㱻ų˳ȫΧڿռ䡣
Ҷüͷһš񱩹ʹһҪնɱ˻ĸо
ԽԽľҶεʵѾԤϣԭҶζԼǿ֣ԼĹѹû̫вԷԼǿ֣
ǿְʲô˵ĻҶȫʵֱĨɱ
ʱ˵ĹҲ˹
Ҷüͷ΢΢һװûпɱһ
ڹǰһ̣Ҷװһʧģ
佻սĻʱϲҶθ׳գȻ¶ˡȻҲһı壬ɲôţԣһأ

һͿֱӽҶθסˡ
ãϲüң֪ԼĶˣ
¡
ײţҶεӰٴʧķıը֮С
һΣҶο϶ˣĻסֱ˵ĹУǿˣҲ޷ܰɣ
ϾҶεΪǿ̫Ļȫֱ̬ӽǸĨɱα˷ʱأ
ģҶɫƽؿΧıը˲䲼󷨣ƾЩ
ȻҶεʶһռȶĵشղֱʩչ˺ܼҵıɴ
ұҶһЩûȫϵķ󷨾ȻǷɹˡ
¡¡
ѾƻʣȻ˲٣ҲôöԸġ
𣬽Щ˵¶ɫѿˡ
һεıҶθˣ
ҶΣܻڣȷˢӣܼңʶ˲ţˣͷһμҶγԾǣܼûмȻͣ
ҶκǺһЦ˵ҾӦһμˣԺľԲˡ
ˢ
һ̣Ҷεٴʧԭվ֮⻪˸ѣȻ󷨡
һղ󷨱ըʱĳ˸ܵϵϢʱЩԥˡҶѡ󷨱ըǿ϶ܵ˺ҪǣǸմϱ߳˿ȥĻǲڶ
ǵƤͦĲ٣ҲȰƵġ
û׷ҶϵЦ˲飬ͬɱһɨһƬҵӪ

Ҫʲô
죡ֹ
ɱ

һ˲䣬ҵӪȻҲˡ
ҶҪЧסԷ©˲
һ˲䣬Ҷ˵Ҳˡ
¡
ȻһըףҶεͨԵ̵ͬһ˺ҵķӪ֮С
׵âɣҶٴ׵û˿ء
͡͡
â֮֮ʹĺͱը˽̿
һ˲䣬֮ʮ
ҶΣĶǣһΣܼǾˣղŻҪֵ˼ʱѾʧĸɸɾˡ
ҶûȤҶһЦ¶һڽ׵ݣϱƺЩɫâ˸š
ѽѽ
ܼ˲ŭһˣһȥ
ﻹףʱĽ߿ֵ뷨ˣΪǶף˭˵׼һĶ󣬻᲻Ǽҵˡ
ԣΪ˼ʧܹľնɱҶΣ
ɱɱɱ
ȫ⣡ܼһǸողʲôһ㣬ôһɤӡ
˲ȻǵлôһŴأȻˣֻҪһǵʧϾͿԹ˰
ȫ⣿
Ҷε΢΢𾪣ܹİͬʱЧķԲһķҲǳС
ˡ
ĸս֮УҶαεΧסˣ˼ޡ
Ҷ΢һȵķ֣ӵлĳȻļս޷ӳһ塣
ҪƿĻǾֻƵ
ӣ鷳˰


1493 
ҶΣӿ㻹ʲô£
ߣϵһ֣ؾ׼㻹ʲôУɣ
ҶΣڵˣҴӹЦ
ˣնɱǺһɾƣ

һһ˵ţǵļƻ˵˳ѾڵĵزҶαȫסǲ˳Ҳߣ
Ǿô϶ѾҳԶˣҶκȻ˵дŵš
ˣСҲװˣǶ֪ӱ˭࣬£㻹ߵ𣿡ܼЦ˵ڵõʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ˡֻҪҶαɹסˣû뿪Ļᣡ
Ҷһֱûг֣һ˫ʶ֮ĬĬĹ۲šΪ֪ԼóȻ־ԲкùӳԣԼ뵽Σ֮С
ⲢĿռţţγһΪŨռ䡣
ߣֻҪǺһڣܹо塣
ҶһЦȺ˵ԴǲõİȻ֪˵ҲǼΪġ
˵Ĺڱը֮󣬶ɢһռ֮УΪĻãЩһֱڡ
ŹĲӣ᲻ϵĻѹҶԽļ򵥡
ǺǣǵԴǱ¿𣿡ҶκȻڣһ㶣֪Ϊλֱӿ˵
ҶΣҪϻٶҵսѵǸͷڹֻ֪꣬𣿡泤ϴǶҶޣ޲ýʬԣ
Ҷʼ򣬿ʱҲˣǵͷ˵ðɣȻ泤ʢ룬ҲܲӣɣǺúõشһܣ
һ㶣֪Ҷκ«ʲôҩ׷׽Ŀ⿴˼ʶĺܼҡ
ܼüͷ˶Ҳ²ⲻҶҪʲôֱӿ˵֣ɱ
һ̣Ĺٴγ֣Ҷβϵû
ռ֮Ѿ˲ʱˣҶȺһ㡣ǵʵǿҲص㣬ƫƫصǵĬϣᡣ
æ֮ˣܹʲôĬϣ
ҶץһĿյղһ̤Ȼ˺ܼҵ
ǧ
𻨳״ı棬˷źܼҲƶȥ
ܼҲŲæһ߷һЦôѾ̲סҪɱң
ǺǣɱֲѣҶγһֱӷſǧĿƣһб

һȼţڼĴڣȻϽһظïʢˡ
ҶǸ֮ˣڳ֮ÿһιÿһﶼǾĲ߻ģΪľڹؼʱܹնɱ
һΣȻˣ
ĸ֮£ȼյԽ꣬Ȼѹźܼ޷ͻƳ
ܼ𾪲ѣһҶײһû뵽Ҷεʵ֮ǿᣬѾԶԶسԤϡ
̶ֳϵøͲ̶ֳȵܹģҶαȻʵ
жһСģܼҸæ÷ҶγԼնɱ
һ⻪ӻ֮Ͷܼɫ΢죬ڵѡ
һʩչ֮󣬺ܼϵѹ˲併͵˼㣬Ҳйֹˡ
ʱ˶ûţҶרĶԸܼҵʱ򣬾Ȼʩչ
ɫںϳΪһ壬һֱ۴ϸĹߣֱҶεؿڶȥ
һΣгҶεԺУҶʶƶһ£ȴΣоȻûȥ
ĺãҶεͺһԼ
ȵڣ˸еѹĹˡ
ǹߵٶȼ죬ҶʲôطƶλǿߵĲٿ֮£ܹ׼ȷ׼ҶΡ
ҶһͨԵٴһǿĵֱӳײȥϵ
ϧ߲Ǽ򵥵Ĺ˵Ĺͬٿ֮£Ȼͬˮһ㣬ޱȵŲţ󲿷ֵĵ˹
ǧ
Ȼ޷㣬Ǿͽס㻹кεֶΣ
Ҷһз֣ͣһ걬ȥ
׺棡
ӣǹܵӰ죬ƶٶȼ˲١
㣡
˭룬ǻȻһǰһ·ɢƹҶεӣ
ãҶδ󾪣Ĺͷһμ
¡
˲ײ˻֮ϣֱӴ͸˷ҶΡ
Ҷɫһɣ
ȻûжãǾİɣ
ʥնͨԵ⻪Ŀ۵˼֮󣬵ȵǹߵҶǰһɴұ
¡¡
籩ϯܣҶͬ׺еһҶۣ޷סôµĹӷ˳ȥ
ϵķҲһһ飡
ҲˣôôǿĹҶɫЩѿǿһҪ³Ѫ


1494 
Ѫε䣬Ҷüͷһ壬˿ԶطסǿĻָ˿һھͱպ
ȺܼƿվһʱҶؿϵѾ˳
ǺǣҶΣ㻹Լ޵е𣿻Լ޷սʤ𣿡ܼҺǺһЦϱ·ڸҶԤıõġ
Ҷؿܵ۵ķЦô˵Ѫ;Լǳˣǰɡ
ҶΣܹ㣬ܹɱ㣡ߺߣһռУˣ㻹ʲô£ٺһЦӴָͳһŵҩֱӷ¡
ҩڼʱ䣬ϵϢͻָ˶ʢ״̬ôĵҩ㹻𣿡
ͬµҩϵЦŨŨ֪ѾԶҶΡ
Ҷεͺһë˲䳨һǿޱȵɢ
Χķḻ·ҵͻƿһ㣬Ҷεӿȥ
ӣɵˣ·ոʲôƵģ૵
ǺǣôǲǺܳԾϷḻı飬Ҷ̲סص٩
ɲܹϵܹΧֻҶһ㶼ûʩչΪЩɢڿռеûյıҪ̫ɢ̫С
ڣսôõĿռڣȴǡǡҶε󡣸ΪҪǣЩΪ΢תһӾܹΪǴһҪֵʱ
ҶϵЦԽŨˣսôʱ䣬Ĳȫֲ˻˲
ȥʤߣ϶ҶĪˣ
ҶҲôԴΪԷûз˫ս̶ֳȣʵҲ໥̽໥Ѱ
ȵĻ֣˴˵޷˲ܹˡ
ðɣȷҵĴ⣬û뵽㻹ֶΣҲѹܹɳôˡܼ˼˵Ŀ࣬ѾҶεĵԴ
˫µ۾ɢǻ۵ĹâѾȫԴǸʰҶˡ
ôǲǸóˣôȥ޷ɱҵġҶεһЦеķ˿Ρ
ܼҵ죬ǲ뿪ģҾǺҵˣԣҶΣȴаɣ
ҶЦһֱŶԷûóŵơǸҰԼ϶ҪиɱеģֻҪɵӣͿ϶̶ֳȵĹ޷նɱġ
ܼңûеȥıҪ˰ɣٽɱ̲꣡סˣֱӿں
Ƕˣ̶ֳȵĹѹûʲôƻֶΣնɱҶε޷ˡ
ܼüͷššݺݵذ˻һۣһ׳պ󣬳ɤӺҶΣ㻹׼ɣ
вмģⶼʲôʱˣûҶһֱīڻŻץ֣ѵҪҶɱ
ҪĸһʱûУ˻᲻ȥޣ
ɣҾ͵ʱˡҶϵЦһգϢȻƯ
˲⣬ҲûѡȨˡ
ֻͬʱǰȵһͬڳӭʲôһ㡣
ˣ
ģǰĿռһ˿һɳ˲ɣϢ˿
ϢǡҶһ˿أͲ²⵽Էеƣֻû뵽ƻ
ҶεķӦܼһЦҶΣҲܵϢǵĵƣһ

Ȼˣ
Ҷεɫ仯˼üͷȴûʲôµı顣
£Ȼ£
ܼҶЩ̲סˣȻڵʵ޷ȫӳϾʰһҶΣǴ´ģ
ʵʵ˵ҵȷǺܳԾû뵽¶óҶγ˵ϵĵȴǽˣóһҶĳҲǴˣֱɱͺá
⻰һ˵ɫͬʱһ䣬û뵽Ҷ֪Ļô࣡
ϧϧóĲһҶҡҡͷϵЦ±ò
ǹϢȷϢЩȶеҲǱȱȽϼƷĳǿһЩˡ
ҶξǴһƲڣʹõóͻһɱ˵ϢҪݵ뷨
ڵϢҪ̫̫࣬ҶƾڵΪֵܹסġ
ߣҲԸһҶΣǴ´ģܼ˵Ҷֱӵ˶̴Ӷеòס
ˣϻ˵ɣѾûмˣóóһơ۵ĻҶĳ˾ֱˣҶιһЦ˵ǰԵŵģ˺޲ֱһȭ
ܼһҲֱӴ߶ٵٻĳ֡


1495 綼ħ

Ҷξô飬ûмܹõģ꣡
һĶһռѷ֮УȻһĨɫǿ⣬ŵϢضЩ
Ҷֻ巢һѹȸϷЧһҪĤݵĳ嶯
ߣҪҶιݣȥɣҶεͺһϢһǹɴɽѹֵϢһЩ
ҶŤͷˣǵҲòȥٻȱǸ˵ѹһֻܴĸ˹ֵͬҶһˡ
ɣ
ĸ֮ͬ
ɣжͣҶһ
¡¡
ѷ챾ܵҪȥȴָ޷͵εرǳ˵Ĵһ㡣
֮ڣһɫ⻪ȻţǺҹͻȻ̵ֵ̫˵۾ʹ
Хɫ⻪ء
𣿻ǸҶ΢΢Ծ֮ǰϢȻǳǿᣬɻûеĵز
ƾڵϢҶξԼܹʤһĿֻаٷ֮ʮ
һһ룬Ҳƴһѵˣ
ۼҶε۾ϣӲܵӰ֮Ҷ۾ֱӶ
Ĺ⻪¶ģһĳʯɵĽߣԼһۣԼָڵʵ͸¶һɲµϢ
綼ħߣҶüͷû˵Ǻģǲ֪ʲô
ʱϢѾȫһƾɵĽһƯڿС
ܼؿޱȵشһˢһӳС
綼ħߣ綼ħߣǿҶνˣܼϵıƺ֮ҶεҲˡ
Ϲٶȼ죬ҶεЩ׽ס
ҵסһ˲䣬ҶʩչϹıؾ֮·ϲ
أ
΢촫ҶλûзӦʱ򣬻ķѾƵˡɫĹ⻪ɣֻмλһԵȱڣЩɫϢ
ôǿҶθæ֣â˸ϡ
Ҷˣⲻǻ֮ƣϹȻ͸
壡Ҷεͺһһɫ⻪پۼϣγһޱȵķܡ
أ
ȻϹɵؿԽ˵âֱײҶεؿڽɫϡ
ҶϵıˣֻؿϷ·һײˣֱ壬ȥ
رͣýһѪ³һ
ֱֱغ߰أҶβſͣסӣ·ϱײĶƿ
ôôǿҶֱƿڴ
Ͳô߿϶ʲôè壡
㡭
ģǷ綼ħϣһƵ˻𣬷·һֻ
ֱӿԽ˿ռ䣬ҶεԺ֮У𶯵Ժֱ졣
ҶʹرԴѾ˼ˡ
ҶվֱӣµһѪˮѪҺʮᣬ·һɱ
һҶ˵ˮƽҲֻôˡһ߿һۣҲǶǲôߵȼģϾġ
ܼһ㶣֪Ҷ˵ʲôΪǱɵˡ
ҶΣ˳ֳͷ㣬㻹ڸǻȥһ˿ܼһתƣȻ˵ôһ仰
Ҷڵڿ޸˼Ѿ˳ˣֿ˵綼ħߣȷǸǿһᱻֱնɱϧ˵վǸƵĶҪɱңûôף
ˡ
綼ħ߿ٵزһɷӿֱ
ҶЦһǰһָӿǰĿռ̶סղŲҪʵǲǸֵˣ
Ϸ綼ħߵ龪ȵ˵꣬ûҶˣʵ̫˰
Ҷΰڰ֣Ǳɷ۸ûмҳûм˵˲һ㡣ԣ̶ȷǳأصò֧ĵز
綼ħ˵ɣȴûʲôˣƺĬҶεĻ
Ҷô֪ôࣿǶûм
㡭ܼ֣о˴ӷ綼ħдһ˿˿⡣
ȻǺľ⣡


1496 ش
ҲẦ£Ҳ⣿
ܼҶһƣɫ˲ò԰һ˫Ͳ۾Ȼɵر촽߶µ˵ˣû¶ɣ
˶ŷԭ綼ħѾ˼ı仯ԭ϶ĿĹ⻪Ѿʧ¶ıϸŰ߲ĺۼһѷ֣ʱѵɷƷеķƷ
ôüͷţʵ⣬ղŻƻֺ꣬ʱ˵綼ħߣôھͱģˡ
Ƿ綼ħϣһ΢Ϣղźķ̫ҪϢһ£ǾʹðɣסҪͬĵ
˵꣬û˶뵽˳˯֮С
ܼҵɫѿǳһŲӬǿֱʰҶΣ˭뵽ᷢչڵ
Ǻãܼҵ΢һ£ܿͻָ˫ĿĿҶΡ
ȥҶȳ֣棬źܼһûзӦʱ㵽ǰ
Ҷε͹ֻܼܹѡԼݷ綼ħ
һ˲䣬ɫ⻪ǰĿռȫȴǻĵ
¡¡
ײɫƴ໥ţñͬʱɢˣʣµЩֱɢһռ֮У±ҶεĴ˻ȥ
Ҿ޵еģҶսⰺ뷢ƮɣǿϢͲǾս֮ˡ
ҶΣҪ񣡡ܼɫͨ죬û뵽ԼᱻҶθôңһԵ˺λϣң
ǿ뵽綼ħУɫ⻪ţؽҶεƸѹ
ҶҲż˵ĺܡܼһʼߴ·һʼѡأֱĻҶαȻҪܾ޴ѹأԷֱȻвŵ÷
ЦҶҲĸ˿ıʵŵˡ
ɣⳡսɣǵϴˢĳ裡Ҷ˫бһ⻪ͺһ

ǧ
׺棡
׵â
һȥɫ⻪òۿž޷ֶˡ
죡ȻӦ˹æѺܼҡ
ܼɫһ䣬Լ˶ôصĴ󣬸æһעǿʼ
һɫ⻪͸Ҷξȥˡ
ˣǺܿ͹۵ģ׵ر㽫ҶεĹ͸
ҶҲֶַξЩɫ⻪סʵ̫ղɶܡôһԷ˵ĹûҶˡ
ʱˣƴˣܼۿѣغ
һ˿ͬʱͳһŵҩ¡һ̣ϵϢٴֱС磡
ȼĵҩߣΪҶĳˣҲǵ̫˰Ҷ΢΢һЦҶбĵƣ˭ó˭ˡ
˺ᵼڶʱĵҩóˣ˵ʲôԷѾˡ
ôʱոˡ
ҶһϬ絶棬ͺһʧԭء
ˣ
ռ΢΢ֳͨԵҶγǰƴһ¡
˱ͻȻֵҶθһû뵽ҶλôһҶǳĹٴιһǧ
ÿһ̺ǿѡ
ǧϵѷȻˣۿɫĹ⻪Ҫɢ
綼ħܵȾ޴˺Ȼܵ˼ķɣ׷׿Ѫ
ҶμҳͣƺѾˣͨԵһᣬֱӽԴˣ׵΢΢һ𣬱㽫еĻɨɾ
Ӵˣҳϲڣ
һͣϢֱ˳ƿ˻ŵߵ໵һɤӣڲִ֮侹Ȼ㿪ҪҶο˰ӡ
ȥʣµĺܼҺͿ׼ҳɫ԰ףٺ֮һ
ǶףѾ޷ҶնɱˣһڰϻֱܹնɱƫƫҪȵǵĵȫų
úݵļƲߣİ
ȥֻһ·ˣ
ܼһ綼ħߣһεĲɢҶ˲͸оΧĿռƺѾˡ
Чȥ
Ҷһ˿̣֪ȺһҪˣͺһ˸һƬƬͻȻķսȫǵˡ
ҽʹһƬ
ںܼҺͿ׼ҳϷӦ֮ǰҶѾ㣬ȫĨɱ
ڣˣҶ΢΢һЦӹʧ
һֻ̣õλǿߣʹ䡣
ͬʱĴǱ˴룡
һҶʰһսƷ󣬱㿪ʼٵشʹ󣬽Ƕʮߡ
һм뿪Ҷ΢΢
ɾʱɫһ䣬Ŀ⿴ԶƺҪ͸ռ䡣


1497 
һ˿ĲҶηоˣ΢Ĳÿһ£ܹԼͬ
Ҷδ󺧣Ÿʮһǣڿһж㲻ûЩˡ
뵽ҶûѡЩһߣǱһ·ԼһصĿռɳ۶ȥ
ҶҪԼļѸղޱᷳӰ졣
ǣʯһķ裬ȴûаƹ֮һĲӰ졣ҶθоԼΧĿռȫĲΧסˣ
֮ƼܣãҶʩչƼܣɲǼ䣬Ҷܱ߷ԲķΧڣȫסŨŨ
ڻ£ҶηɿķУֻҪܹӰ쵽Էһ㣬ҶξͿԳܵӰ٣
ȻֻҶεһԸǹɹĲǲҶξȵķ֣Ź첨һδ𵴣ԼʩչƼܲµȻŹĲһɢˡ
ڴʱҶξ͸оһĪѹǵһԼϯҶֱ߶ϵĸоһʱ䣬Ҷλĺë
ʲôˣȻôߵʵѵҪͷ¶βôһҸúöһҶԾͣ壬ΧյĿռ
ΧȻǹɹĲڲ첻ţһأҶβоԼܵӰ죬ԼѪҺЩתˡ
ٿһ£ڵѪҺȫ嵽ϣϣѪҺֺܵ˼ǿһȫ嵽Ȳ
ҶΰԼʶͷŵοĸָ
ǺǺǣȻܹϷԪ֮мֵڣѹ˶ͷޱˡΪ磬ȫУһĲȣʱգŻ
ûп죬ҶεĶȴǾһĵѣƴ˷ȫλҶμѹҶõĵطûУ

ʱƳȳȵԪأĹ·ҫ۵Ĺâ״Ҷε
ԪطǽıҶβſһûȵҶδڶҶξǽļµĿ֨
һҶΪ̵ķǽȻ̼߽ˡ
ǺǺǣСޣǰ㻹úԶʲôֶΣϽʹɣȻĶָͷʲôǲܵˡǸϷʵζԷʵͰôϷʣҶҲûƢ
ҶκȻеȵȣλǰ֪֮ʲôôΪҪƣ
Ǹһ˵Сӣǿʼɱ壬ұһϢǧұŪþӢ𣡺ңңң׼ҲŪԪˡȻµɱϿ̫࣬ĶǾӢü嶼뵽ٲУ
ҶЦԭЩͷģǾѹˡǲ֪ЩôôһôȻΪǱĴɱʲôֱӿʼ͹ɱҲô
ǸɭȻΪһΪֵô϶㲻ϣŪ㶼ήҵۣ磬кܶķҪ˼ģߣСӣΪΪͿ˼ɴɱķô
˼Ҷβ˼½ʱִ߹Լ磬кܶλģڲͬλ֮䣬ǲġ
ӦһλĴڣ
뵽ҶεЦ㲻λĴڣѵҵλϳָɵôԣ磬кܶ෨Ҫ˼ɵġ
ǸһЦСȻ֪÷ңݺλ£һ˸ô˵ȻʵңҲܵһЩƵģ
һ֣ҶжٸвԷԲǳԽʰԼžԳֵɲôġ
ȻҶ˶Է˵ɱ֣ʱҶε亹ˣڣһжˣ
ӶѸʼһ޴ޱȵĿӣӿǹģԼңĸǼʼ϶˽
һ˫񣡾Եһ˫񣡶Щ˲̶ԴˣҶεķ񱨸һԼҪһ棬ҶεմѪ
ǵöҶ¾󽫾֮ҶιУǾһ̽ԵĹΪľǼҶεʵ
ΪҶѾǰΪ磬ôһʮеλϡʵѾͨ޿ĸ߶ȣһλĸ߶ȡ£̫ɱ߶ȵĹעġ
ֲöҶν֮˵ʵҪ˽⵽ʲôֻҪ֪Ҷξʵˡ


1498 
ҶȻоΧĿռͰһԼͺǱҸѹλһ˵붯һˣǴǳѡ
Ǹ˵ˣһжѾˣҵĹԪҴ棬֪᣿ռ㻹ܲͻƵˣ
ǣҶԼΪȴԺΧռֺ
Ǹƽ˵Сӣ˵һ仰ô̿ˡɻûѪȱҲûн֣֮
ǿžʹҶ˵㲻ҪΪԼű޷ʵܹΪΪ㣬ʵ⣬й壡
壿ЩʲôСӣžԵʵֻҪ˵ʲôǹʲôǹֻҪ˵ʲô壬ʲô壡ھԵʵǰνĹͳͳҪǸ˵
ҶŬȶԼǿ˵ԣǿʵܹһʱѹס壬ǣķǲսʤģ
ǸЦŶСӣ컹ͦӲģ㲻ֳһ㹫ҿ㶼ʱЩܹһİô
ˣЩǱÿһõͣеа񣬶ڳǰֵһᣡҶԴ˵
Ǹƺǲͷˣ˵ߣӲɣʱ򣬿㻹ôν͹
˵ţڸһЩˣҶΧʵʻһĿռУҶεתеĥһƤļ˲ͱĥˡ
գۼ䣬ҶξͱһѪģˡ
Ҷ־ᶨˣҲԷ̵ֶθĥòҽгҶεļⱻһĥеĵطѾ¶ɭɭ׹ǣ
СӣĺʹֶΣҲǲѰ޸̫ˣֻҪӳһѪܹȫһǲòһܿ죬Ҫȫ黯ˡʱ޸ҲȲˣ
ǣҶԼĥʵ̫ˣҶ֣ҪҶԷƴĻᶼûУ
Է˽ԼĹ˵Ǵĳ֪һСеĶֵУܹԼôģҲֻжһˣ
֮ܣ죡ҶĹʼˣʱȻʹ˻ܣʱһסҶε塣
ҵ᣿ռﰾסˣԼʹࣿȣǰ취Ҫʹ࣬ҵģԼȫ飬ҵľɺâеһжɵʲôˡóܣоð
Ҷηܽһ˵ȻҾͳȫ㣡˵ţҶΰʶȫͷųڵת
᣿ռȻ̣Ҷ£Ȼſһռ䣡
ٺ٣СӣҪԱңҵȵľĲڣ֪һ£ͬλĲǶôľ޴󣡡
Ǹ˵ţȻ᣿ռкâȻһһ״âȻ۾λáȻǰһ壬ŴͣһڰѼҶε£
СӣԱԻһϵҵǰȴʲôǣո˵һﱻǰһĻˣΪһϸ˿Ľâ᣿ռܴݾ˳ȥ
ңâŵٶʣ
⣬⡭ôܣһΪˣôܹҵ᣿ռܵأһ֪ǵâҶеһֻ֣Ҫ㶫ݣҶȫԸ
һñףΧĿŭ֮£ȫ촷ۣŭ֮òѰҶε䡣ҶεıЩĵ׷ŰΪʱգ治֪
˵ʲôҲҪˣȻԺͻԶǸĽˣ
Ҷһֱ̣ž޴ʹ࣬ʩչܷԼ壬ǸԷһԼѾܲסʹˡ
˳£Աּ˵ֶҲȻȻʹˡԱʱҶΰԼٲʶеƤһҪλУԱǿסֵʱҶΰԼʣ֮ȫϣ
ԷȻעеԱϣȵ쳣ʱҶĲƬѾ֮ͨ᣿ռдһͨ·ﳤȥ


1499 ֮
Ϊ˴ޱǿĶѣҶμеȫԱ֡ڣҪҵһطʩչ޸
ҶεƬһããд޸Ȼܹ˸ڸĹУҶνǷǳģǽǷǳΣյģ
Ҳ֪ɹ˶ããǼʣҶͷųһʶ۲ΧΧЩʮֹϵ򡣿ԿóЩǾҰ
Ҷο׼һ͵˹ȥ
ҶεʶѾЩģˣ뵽ʵ£Ҷʩչ޸
һҶεƬݺײ֪ϣ޸Ҳһչ
뵵ĹâסҶƬϣҶεƬһӣ̼ͰҶεʶ俪ʼҶε塣
Ҷη·ֻصĸڵĸоһȱƳȻ࣬Ҷΰһ̥ƣڻԼ塣
อˣ֫Ҳһ걸ʼʱ޸ٶȻЩĸٳ֣Ҳ𲽻ָҶ帴ԭٶԽԽ죡
䣡뵵ĹâʣڿɢҶѾĸ̣Ҷˣǣȴ뵽˳˯УԺУجһӰڷɿתš
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãҶȻһѹҲ֪ΪجεԭѾܹжѵġ
ҶεͷһԼǳģҪӴָóһ·ȴ泹ףԼ֮⣬ѾǾûбĶˡ
ռĶûҲͰˣͨԵҲûˣҶοЦſΧľûУѰҲľߵĶûС
Ҷһ£ڵǿյģҪԼߣǲܵˡ
һƬ飬ΪĳȫΪУػǳףһжҪͷˡ
ҶڵΪûбģͬǣڵҶѾûûצϻһһףû˭ܱҶθᵽʻ̺ˣ
ҪľҪҵĵطҶζܹҵ̫ϣΪ￴ȥͲڵĵط
ͨۼĵطΧȴһƬһ粻ţǻɽһĳһȥһĽӡ⻹ҶŬԼҪǻˣһȥͻ嶼ݽȥ
Կ̬ҶοʼѰ֮áϣͲߵ۵òˣûѰҵκļ
Ҷϥ£մĹһ΢ǣΧûһҶξͺһ޴ޱȵˮ⣬Ȼ޿ɹûˮһжǰ׳
ҶβٿŽ֮ܺתȻܹǶڼĴ̼ǺЧġ֮ܺתĵطǿ̶ȵõߣңָйٵ̶Ҳһ
ȻҶεĶд˺΢ˮţҶҲֻǼż϶
ҶΰԼеעȫе棬ˮҶζһ·λ˴Уƽһ£ŷˮĵطȥ
ҶֵǣôߣˮһҲûи룬˽һʱҶεĶлǶ϶ʱʱޡ
Ҷͣ۾Լʶȫе棬˷λԺʶˮķ̽ȥ
ȻһƬĹʯҶεʶ̽СңҶ̽鵽ЩĹʯɢһʮֹŹֵϢ
Ҷʶһ£̽鵽ʯķλ˹ȥ
ûãҶξͿǶѹʯóЩʯǺʱĲһۿȥֲ׺ɣĲɣо˵һС
ҶΪʦκβ϶ǳСԸоЩʯļӲ̶ȿȻӲʡԸᴿ쾧ʯ
ЩʯǱʲôҺ̬ʸʴġΪǵ״Ȼ죬ǴǳԲұҲһ㵭ˮ
Ҷοֹ֪ʯĿֲ֮ǶκζȫߡҶ֪ǿҸʴԵҩˮҲܰʯ
ǰľȴҶ벻ˣЩʯӦһ壬ȻʴǸʴʯĶжôĿ£
ȻҶ뵽һֿܣϽӵץһѸǻҳһһȶԣ͹ʯĳɷ־Ȼһģ
ҶηɼӲĹʯγɵģ
ĹʯӦΪĽĹʯҶβɵøϽ˹ʯһˮһˮոսӴҶεָ⣬ϾͷųƵĹâһɰһˮͷų


1500 ħˮ
Ҷαú˺üԭˣֲЩӲĹʯ˳ԭǸ̺ޱȿˮˣ̺ˮĳͷ£ʯôӲҲû촷۰
һɲǼ䣬ҶοϲޱȣȥûκεôҲڵģ¾ǲֵˮУ
ҶСǿʯͷʯͷһһ߶Ϫˮʡˮ峺˼ֱ޷Ĵڣ͸һ͸
ҶΪȵǣ֪ˮ̺żΪ񱩵Լôȴ޷о̺Ҷε͸оУͨͨˮ
쳣ҶȻżйڴ˵һƪдڵĶħˮ
ഫĳܹ𻯳廹һЩմȾʶ־ͻȫ𻯳ĳܵԪȫ뿪ܵԪȻ񣬶ʣµǺմȾ׵ʶͻᱣ
һ˵ɻγɽ澰һĴڣ١һּΪ£ܹתΪһֽħˮĶ
ħˮȥ峺ޱȣʵ𻯳Ĵɻг֮ˮڼȵγɵĻܵȫת̺ħˮУǳɰֱģ
Ҷδִֹһ£ԲԼʧ
ֲ˻֮صӣԭǳ𻯳֮ذǿһܱӶĹ̰ҲѹΧ̫ѹˣȫߣ͵֮ˣ
û̫ԥҶ߽ħˮ֮УԼȫСʱħˮӨ͸ɫ˾޴ı仯ֲĿռ䲨ըһܲɢҶξ͸оΧͬˮһӿԼڣ
Ȼ䣬Ҷξ͸оڰ棬ôһ˫۾ڽԼָоâڱ˫۾һϾʧˡ
ҶҲûʱȥЩѾҶԹ˲Ͼˡ
ܿ죬Ҷεоͱӿˡõ磬ʼԼ編ת
ǽӽߵ磬˲ľһЩͬƽضһ㳤ɣзӿɺԵɽϱͻĿ籩̼
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ҶθоԼһѾˣڷӿ룬ҶֻðѺӿͨںϣȻһѹС
ȻȻǳҶεԤϣڲһӿٶȷǸѸˡһٸʱҶڵ
ҶθоԼ嶼ҪըˣΧղܣֻҧţ
һֱ˽ʱΧвԷŻһŻҶؼյĸоҪӿҶζ֪ᷢʲô顣
ȵʧҶδħˮվҶѾ㹻ʹˣϽԼһ¡
ĸоǺãҶһȭӿȭͷȻܹ򵽰֮⻹ò˥ΨһҶЩǣڰУһźĶڣҶڵȴָûʲôô
Ҫ֮ܣҶŻȡһЧܴ֮ʵڲˣŷǳʱá
ЩźҶΰ۾תʵħˮռأⶫӦǾֹˮôļأʣҶħˮķϣҪô¡
˭֪һϣҶξȻ߳ʮأ
Ҷûи̫͹ʯһΪʯܹȦסˮ֣һ棬ҶʮΣյĸо
Ҷ۲ʱħˮԴͷϣһƵˮģһŮҶεǰ
ŮѾĸȫ£һ͸ĵζȻŮ촽һ裬һ߳Ҷ۾鳪˸衣
ҶθоԼźĶʼˣŮĽУźںĶȻɢһҶĸҪอ͸ȥ
·ǳһƺǿҵĹѾöˣǼֱǰĸסˣ
ҶοǱ˽أȻгˮ
ڶ̶̵˲䣬ҶξȻо糯¶ƴƴܶΪʲôأ
Ҷ뵽ããʱԺжȻ両ֳһâɺһ˫۾ע
ҶΣѵĶȻĲôѵ׳ô
ֵӰӣǱѪ꣡
ҶХŭҶε籡ױȵİԵȻɢȥ
ˮеŮ紵ɢһɢˡҶҲԼܰĳХжȻһѹ


1501 ħ
ȻŮʧĵطͻȻ·ƵˮˮУһ츾Ť欵Ȼ˰ա
츾һ͸Ѫջ츾Ͻһɴ˸Ѫŵĸо
ߣƾ֮ҲջôҶε˵
츾ҶεķӦǺ⣬෴ģеһЩζǺǺǣСӣ㵽׻۵㣡ΪҾ㣬ղҾ޼ƿʩôúÿɣΧһʲô龰ˣ
ҶûͷԣϽһҪһȴΧЩĳ֪ʲôʱѾȻԼγһɫľ޴ǽ壬Լη
мˣ
츾Ƶˮ˳ÿһͻĲλܹΡΡζ£츾ϵıɴˮһѪĽడ
ǺǺǣСܵܣѡ񣬵һ˼伫ֶ֣һ־ɳĥѡһأ
ҶοΧֿ츾˵˵ϵʯͷôô֣ԭҰⶫԭǻʱγɵһޱȼӲʯģû뵽ȴŪɳӣҳһĶ˵ɳɣ
츾ҶεЩˣСܵܣû뵽Ȼܹ֪ң˵˼ⶫӲĶ񼶱壬˭Ҳܲɳĳú룬뼫أɳһĥĭ
ҶЦȤô̵ʱȻϲѱĥı̬Ҿе㲻ףΪʲôһҪ
츾ǳЦ̫ˣҾһֱħˮһı£ȴǲ뿪ʯͷһյʱ䡣㹻Ҷᣬ˰ɣ
ҶεͷˣҲ˵ûб·ô
츾쳣֣صͷûѡҿǵ޾²ŵȵĵСԩңȰ㻹ѡɣɳĥ壬ǿǿ಻԰һðƴ̫ˣɣСܵܣ㳢˼伫֣ҲΪҶ
˵ţ츾ÿϽеһߵıɴ
ǧ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷε˫ϣǧɳ츾ֹ츾ûκεĵֿЦеȫϡ
գҶʱǾûϧһ˵ǼΪµĴڣֻҪܹɵԷ;Ҫϧһдۡ
֨֨֨˿ֲĲս£츾巢ŵα䣬ļ̣츾˵ֱͲʲôʹ࣬Ǽ츾ҶζоЩƤ츾һûС
ԽԽࣵһ츾һ̲ˮ֮ɽʧȥ츾壬еʱ׷ͬҶһڵϡ
գۼ䣬̲ˮѸγһ壬һأɲǷֵ츾һ˫źâĲ԰ɫ˵ӡ
ˣйĺâȻҶǿҲĸоͺǺâܹ͸Լ۾ԼԺһ
ҶЩɫҪ֪Ҷʮ־ͨĹڿݱĴǿ˲ǧĳǿֶΡ
ҶʮóȻֱԷѹƵĸоôܲҶξ
ħ飬ħ֮飡
Ҷ֪ǰڣ𻯳Ĵܰѵħͨ˵ħΪȥһָƮȻµ
û뵽ⶫȻܹħˮУħ飡ŸĻкܴĹϵ
һ˵ħˮ뵽£ħҲû˼еĵطȴޱȼӲңͰħˮ˵棬ħУħˮеͳħ飡
ⶫܵȫ䣬Ȼûһȴ֪ܶĶʶҲޱǿµھ±ҶλҪ
ҶתͷǱ۾ôҲ޷ܿԷеĺâҶθоħصĺâ͸Լ壬Լڲʼ͸
ںâӰ£ҶڵźںĶֿʼһأҶεʶҪٿȥӦԣȴԼʶ쳣٣ʶϾܹж
ۿԼʴҶͷ󼱡æ֮УҶҲ˲ʲô״ʶȫҪħľ򹥻ǿĻӦ


1502 ˭ջ˭
ħƺܹ͸ҶεʲôҶҪֵʱħȻһȣеĺâȻʢҶεȫ
ʱҶξ͸оԼһź磬͸оԼڵ·ȫڶԷĿ֮̽УܹԼĶܹһ
ҶǾĴʦȻ򣬶ԷҪԼȫʶԼʵжᣡ
ҶθоԼɸһ޷ֹħâĽ롣ҪǣҶθղտʱͬʱսźɫҲڸŵңЩȻγһŸŹɫ
ЩÿһǷ·𵭵ɫɵģǣҶηԸܵһǳޱаϢ
СӣΪħˮôյô㿴ЩǶ𻯴ĸĶЩ֮ΪħҲ޷Ƶ̰㲻ǣǾͲܿԼǻ㣡
Σ£ҶκȻ쵽ħĺâֹͣЩɫ󣬷·ְֻһз
ҶζȻףħϣЩԼƴһȻóħЩ˼ɵġ
ιҪʲôΧЩҶͷųʶ
Сӻ֪ǸҪʲôǺЦ
Ҳ֪ĸʶźţΧһĿЦҶεʶѾָ˲٣ЦУҶξ͸оԼʶǾضɽҡһֹסʶǿҲ
٣СӣǸ¶ħԭһ쵰ģһúõģû뵽ȴǳǸ˦ˣʶԵ÷߷߲ƽܹоָ߸ϣʲôмһ˵顣
СӣϽǸʶΪһ壬ʱи缸ǸСһƨһޱŵʶǿҴ˹
ǣһԭıԴʶ˾СƨȻŵϴڵʱ֪أ

һʱ䣬ǵصʶȻҶεʶӿҶβʤ䷳Ȼ󺰵ˣұ죡ôϢôʶʣǴ𣬺úõĻش⣬ǻңҾͰԱˣһ꣡
Щһ治ҶνһС
顣ûһûġΪ棬ָҲͳԭʼĶ
Щֹ̬ħϡЩħϻʹóΪΪݵġЩһҲγɵġ
ħ飬һΪĴڣħˮ¶½յϢԼġ˵ҶܱߵЩԭ֮ܵħħЩ֮ħ֮ħ
ҪʲôħһҪҵжɣҶʵ
ȻЩŤ󣬸ҶνʵϾҶεѰһ޵λá
һ㣬ҶǲŵģЩһôƵĻǰĴҲǶطûа취Ż֣һԼİǽˣǳǿɾͲҶܹҵ˵ˡ
ȻҶһڿȥԼʮΣգǣԼħ飬һĻС
һҶмһħǿһԶԼĴ㣬˵ΪԼж
£Ҫܹҵһַܹúħ鶷һǾõˡ
뵽ҶЦǼȻҵܵΪɣǸħռҵ尡ҪǹˣǸħ鲻һûʶģҵǱ޵ġ
ʲô˼ô£СҪΪ飿̫Ц˰ɣԸȥ飬û˵ġ
ǣСӣ㻹أ̥ëδδɵļһǸħ鶷ȻôĴǿǼʵ̫ˣ˼һ۾Ϳ͸ˣ
̻İϷħжСġҪõԼŪԼǱӴô
ЩûиҶ棬һָҶε뷨ͳЦǵ֮С
Ҷΰβ˵΢΢Ц˵ˣҲ˵ˡǲ˵ʲô޿ɸıһʵǣħŶҳ׽жᡣƲõһʲôЧħҪǶҶɹˣһʲô³
һúƿԡҶץס˺ħ֮һЩɵ֮¡
Σһ˵㵽׶֪ЩʲôջһǹõֶΣôջǰ


1503 Ԧħ
ȻҶǿҵɣҶȴǿϷ
Ҷγȴ˵ʵеһж˵һ⡣ǱħħǵħʵϣħǵӰǳ֮һ㣬ǲϰɣ
һ¶ı飬ݺ˵֪Ļٰ˵ص㣬㵽Ҫʲô
ҶδЦҪʲôҪʲôǵĸ֮£ǾԶԸħġҾ룬Ҫħܶҽжᣬʱǵ³һʲôѵħô
Ҷιƻٴ𣺡룬Ƕħûκεİ취ɹԺֻҪħˮԴͷͿ԰һһ룬ѾǱ֤ʵģҲԴʲôɣԸңǻһĨã
һʱ䣬ȫ뵽˳ĬСʱΧĺâȴһǿóħԼӰ졣
ʱҶһʶϿʼͣڵתۿҶεһͣ˸еļµͣɢϢһĸоҪԱ
ͣͣͣͣͣıҶθˣҪ֪ò׽뵽ҶεҪҶԱĻڿ񱩵ԱͷǰʲôûΪа
ҶһԱǾͻɺʶĸε
Сӣʵа취Ըħİɣô벻أԸħˣܰæء
ҶԱϽְԼʶһϡ
ǵĻôôоǸħèĵģǰࡣҶȻ⻰̽˼ҶѾףЩѾԼˡ
СӣͱװˣղŶ˵ˣǿɶǸܶ޾£Ķ̫ˣȻʵϱȲħ飬ȴдġܿǶܹѹס
ǣǵˣڣоһɱܻҪǰǸڣûôţͱǫˣħʰˣʱҲǰһæ
ЩҲ湻Եģ˵˵ȥȻߥҶȥʰħ飡Ҷ֪ЩһԾյȥһЩ˵飬µҶλûбİ취
ҶȻһɤӺ˵ˣǾ࣬ҼҲ١ħȻҪᣬвǣҲҵĸ󻼰һҸħ鶷һʱ͵͵֣ҿɾͲˡ
ᣬԲᣡģǲû֣һԸħ顣úɣǿһսߵġ
ҶΰǲųˣҪôõĻ𻯳ĴҲǶӵˡ
һ£Ҷ˵ȻǶŶԸħ飬ҿоһʹͨɵħô
Ƕʱ뵽˳ĬУǵɱҶλҪ⡣£ǱҪΪħˮţͻɱĶˡ
ħĴڶԿǿͷӲƨɣ̫ôˡ
ιιǿҪ˰ڿΪĻᣬħǷѾĻҪǣҪұħˣȴǵģޱȱҵˡҺǲŻһ
ҶεżƻζЩоλöԵһǰȥջˣôԼջһ
ȥҲûбİ취ħѾҶκЩһƵ·˵ĵزˡ
Ǻðɣ˵ɣô㰡СӣǧҪˣȻǾԲŹġ⻰˵е㵨ġ
ģǿɶһϵģҪħ飬ҲͬĽԣûбѡǲǣҶȴǺԺȰ
ðɣСӣģنˣ˵ôɣѾеˡ
λˣҿԸʱǸħԿħ⧲֮£Ч
ЩŰɣǾĹͨûмٿ죬Ǳ˴˽һ£ͬҶε뷨
ʵҶǳЩģЩĴܶҪ֪жô鷳ڣҶξڶԸħʱ˳Щ鷳ˡ
Ҷδһ
ʱҶεʶеϣһ貵âЩâЩͳͳסˡ
ɲǼ䣬еĺһʵʻĸоҶʶкȻһʵļԦЩħĸо
Ԧħ
ҶεıȣҶεʶȻһ㱬˲䣬Ҷεʶ鲼â䣬âм䣬һĿһĵż
ಣһ·йһҶε˳ǵıһĥ˳һļµ죬ħ˹ȥ


1504 ˮĥɳ
ħ鱾ֵÿҶκЩħԼ֮óҶεʶѾЩħƵ޴ӡ˵ǼֱһϢ
ǽľ飬ȴħܹԤĵġҶεʶȻȻȫͷſǴ󿪴ϣӾȻҪ
ħûǣҶεʶͻȻŷѪļȳȻϢҪ֪ѪģΪͲκεЭ
Э־ƷʣħаħȻǣ
ħԾӲЩԭħݻʵ̬ĺһԡűѪĹʣҶεڷɳй
ħŭŷӲӵĺâѹԼԵЩħһȫ𿪣
ЩһѵôǶħֹ̥ģ̥壬̥ǣǹͬĿǸСӣֻҪռǸСӵ壬ǾһܹɻչԼƽ̨
ħ˿ħ˾룬е
죡ǸʲôаģǴޱģ죬ǻҪʰˣսսʤа񣡡
ħ鱻⻰׾ˣΪĲҶΣħеһҶ˵Ļ⻹⣬ΪǸͿħǰԼġڹؼħ˵Ļ
Ѫ꣡СӣĳܣɣСӣôӵıѪأħתҶΣ
ûҶ˵ħŭСӣ㶼ʲôôܹٿǶҽй⣬ⲻܵģбѪ꣬Ҳֻѹסǣôܹٿǣѵѵ
˵ħȻ뵽һޱȿµĿܣȻһϵĹâҲ֮
Ҷοɲһףħ龪ֵӣϽóᶯְ
뵽ҶβٿЩħ仯һ֧֧ħ´˹ȥ
ڣһħȫû뵽ħڣЩħ˲ħڻźħѸߡ
Сӣ¶ˣղһ汻㻣סˣΪжıأȻ͵Ϯ˵ҲЩħҪܹڱĴڵϣǽӽ񶼻Ч˵ûκεЧģ
ħһ߿ЦһȻҡ˼£һˮͼˮϼˮٱˮΣЩɺħȻЩˮ˿
ħ֮ЩˮѸˮΣž䵽ϣȻںϳһ̲ˮһһȫµħ飡
ҶĿɿڴû뵽ħֶܹΰħ뿪
СӣʵǲɣҾ´еܣڿԶԶܹ㹻ܣҾΣˣ壬ҪģҲ
ħϸֳһɱ֮ɫͼܱͷųһˮһһܱߵɳǽ档
ɳǽܵˮһϿʼ˸žӨ͸ˮĹâģɳǽ˹๾һˮһǽ壬Ҷλѹ
СӣɳӲԭʼʣ˵ˣɳˮĥ״̬ҲὥĥģʧһһģôͺЩħһһĴڰɣ
ˮĥɳҪĶҪ֪ɳĹ͹ˣҪǼħˮħˮܽһּķɳĥκеĶȷʵħԣҲ޷ֵĥ
ιιιôˣڴҿͬһûʲôõİ취Ҷθڵħϵʵ
ô鷳ɳͼޱȣҼħˮͨȡˮĥһʲôǶĥܹѶԷֹǲСһħźζ˵
Ҷ˵һ˵ʲô˼˵㣬Щס
Ǹħ˵ʵϣƽˮĥɳЧķǸԿҪһЩܣܹ仯Լ壬ֻҪܹ仯ΣȻˮĥɳתļӿٶȣˮĥɳͻΪĥĶ֮ӿٶȡ
ҶλȻЩˣҲ˵˳ˮĥɳתٶȼӿ죬ɳͻΪϼӿٶȶͱɢˣԲԣ
ӿɽ̣˼˵ףҪĻɾˣǸħ˵⻰ʱԵʮأ


1505 Ҳʰ
Ҷʩչ˱ԼһԲȻˮĥɳתķ򻺻ת
һɲǼ䣬Ҷξ͸оɳӴĵطһƤⱻβ־ҵĴʹС
Ҷε׼ɳҶδ˺ǳҶεԤϡ
СӣԪؼǸ⼼ܣҲͨǰ磬ˮĥɳǰ谭첻㻹ǰĵɣȻЩħϷʵ٩ҶΣţҶˮĥɳǰûκεķġ
Ҷηŭ𣬹Բˮĥɳĥ򻺻תһҶαƤµѪܱĥˣѪ˳Ҷε
Ҷҧؼ֣ϴʹǼԼԤ롣
˰ΣʹԽԽǿңǿҵʹ֮⣬Ҷθоˣˮĥɳת٣ѾտʼʱٶȣܵԼӰ죡
ħҲ״ˣû뵽ҶξȻôݣƴԼ屻ĥҲҪıˮĥɳٶȡħҪٿˮĥɳǿȴԼܹıˮĥɳΧٶȡ
ĺҶӴĲ֣ѾҶν˾ͲħĲٿء
⣬⡭ôܣСӣôģǹǿˣ廹ܹܶ೤ʱĥأʱ򣬻ԱĺãȻȵĥһʱԱûпˣ
˵ţҶȻ䷢һ˺ѷһĺţͼҶα״ѪâʢҶξȻϧƴ˶ӿԼתٶȡ
ҶתٶȲϼӿ죬ҶεۿɼٶȲСɲǱ仯ǸˮĥɳĿĥСġ
ѪӿҶܱˮĥɳĻ嶼ѾѪȾ˴ĿĵɫһҶοԼںģ
ħ鲻˼УҶΧˮĥɳٶȫˣƵˮĥɳȫһٶȡ
ҶܱߵˮĥɳٶȱԽԽ죬ѪȾɳڻɢҶε˽Ӵ
ħ󺧣ϽϼǿˮĥɳĿƣ֣ԼĿƶͽ͵ģǵֹմȾҶѪɳΧˮĥɳҲʧأ
䣡һȻһɳɢŽͺһһеˮĥɳȫƮɢܣ
Ҷλָ˱ģѾǲҲ̶ãıƤѾĥˣЩҲĥ˲٣ٵĵط¶ɭɭ׹ǣ
ָҶοХһʱҶεڱŷƵĹââİ£ҶεۿɼٶѸٻָ
ʮʱ䣬ҶѾԭûʲôˣ
ħָҶΣＸܷ㣬㡭㾹Ȼ»ָ㣬㡭ֱˣ
׵â
ࣵһһҰ׵ĹâҶεұ۱Ұ׵Ĺâգۼûǧ꣬ϣһâŵɫĹâųƵħȥ
ǣһŵâȫҵħϣħʱĽ䣬ÿһȫȻڲ˸ĵâ
ħƬȫ˷ɽˮƮ֮ϡ
Сӣǹģǲģȫħˮɵģܰôˣ˭޼ƿʩ
๾࣬ħɵˮںϳһµħˮȻȻڿն𣬷ɽǿ鰼ݵҾʯС
һˮħӰˮеĳҶοЦСӣû뵽ȻôݣȻƴԼҵˮĥɳƴӮˣûʲô˵ģǣ㲻ҪôҾҰ
Ҷûȥʱ򣬺Ȼڵһħ˵ģħǲŲġͺñֶ̰ӵ̰ĵ壬ȴ޷ħϵġҪȥˣֻǰװԼŪãᱻܹ㡣
ǣҶȴǷ·˷һֱҾʯд󺰵ôˣʰ㣡
â֣ҾʯΪģԲʮһƬ𺣣һľ޴ͷ˵ͳĺħ˹ȥ
ħͲͷԿˮȻɢȥ޴ĻͷһתȻҽҾʯС
ڣͷħˮ𣬵еħˮζҲܣˮ
ȿȿȡħˮֳһҵĿǿҶγЦѣСӣӣĹͷͰ£ҿҪסˣҺӴ
ҶûڵЩħɾͳһһһ˵ǲӰСӵˣôȥħȥƴƴֻǿʱһᱻħ鷴ġ
ôĲҰԿǻˣѵ֪ħھͶҾʯǿϳʲôĹħɶֵܹӴǷݣ﷢йءôģڵôôסأ


1506 Ľ
ħۣȴҶη·һ𣺡âȭţһײ
ħҲЩβˡ
ħź飬ҶǱ߿î˾ҾʯˣҶλŽӲӵĹâһȭһȭҾʯ
ⶫʵ̫ӲˣҶεֱۣҾʯûκεķӦ
ڣҶˣĽâɢ˵ϴڴڴŴ
Сӣۻ˰ɣոʹ˴ָ˷ԼŲȥ˰ɣڣҷ˰ɣħЦŴҾʯİݴð˫ֲϼᷨӡһˮγɡ
˭֪ҶζȻӵϱЦħ飬ΪҾɵɵķйԼеŭô㣬ҵȵľԸʱ򣡴
ҶεıȣҶεȻ׵ĹâΰħȥħʩչԼֶΣĹâס֮ħһʱ侹Ȼ֪Ǻá
ħоԼڵ͸Ϣ֮ˮһӿԼʱħŸо²
ħɥʧʱ䣬ȵĶⱼӿħ鳷ҪʩչֶΣѾˡ
ʱӿѾƲɵˣ
ħ龪˵㣬㡭Ҫʲôͣ£ȻĻ
СˣˣŹҰɣҺòγʶҾΪįޱȣŻ˵壬ҪᡣˣĹӢ䣬ͷŹССɡ
ҶЦŹ㣿ЦɣղҪʰңôлܶʹĹ㣬ҿɾûĻˣ˵ǾɵػǾ˺úƣ
ħʱΪ֮һ˵ˣҿԸף֪иشܣҵһﳬֵ
Ҷһ˵ʲôܣֻҪҰʶȫԼˣõô
ħһҧ˵ˣڵЩħѰңҿΪѹЩħ
ᷨҶεȻһЩħħˮһ뵽Ҷεڵġħж̣ҶοµģǶǶܶ޷ġ
ҪͱҪ֮ܡ֮Ҷβͷ᲻öõĶ
ЩħҪ֮ܣҶξ͸оʹ
ħһҶЩ˼벨Ͼ͹ƻˣ룬𻯳ĳڳҪϧһдЩħɼж̣£̥ǵģܹסǡ
Ҷκһû˵ȴǼħһСħʱоң۾һվ͵ԼһһĴˡ
˭֪Ĺͷħ黹ʣһʶʱҶͣ
ħñ±ϱһѵĸоҶΣϽҶζĤݣ
ллˣлл˻֮Сһᱨ˵Ļ֮ħ˵ţȴȻҶεϵʻ
ħӲͰ˵죬졭⽱ˣԭôţ
Ҷû뵽ǣħһʶȻܹܵôĽ˵ĽֱǷġ
ܼԶԶϲҶεң㹻Լʩչе֮Ҳ
ħּ为ĶҶμȫĻǾͻеĸ涫ͷų綼зǳõӰ졣
ҶδзɱռĿ꣡еʱɱȻܹ⣬ܹɱ⣬־ģ
Ȼͱˣʲôˣʲôܣ˵ɡҶ˵
ħˣѾûжˣǽ뵽ڣҺܿͻˡ
Ҷһ£ħ˺üԼʶӡһֳʲôҶܹ֤ڵһʱһˣ
ħ뵽ҶεڣеħȫһҪ֪ħǵĿǾǲսʤģڣСӾȻܹħʰǿɱħ鶼Ҫ
ħҶεǰΨΨŵŵһЩħϾһ߸ϵ̬
ǰѾ˴ˡ˾ҵˣ˾ҵһУǸʵ㣬ĻôʰǣҿһӴ
ħʱһ㲻ô£ղŵһǶˣǣ仯Ҳ̫˰ɣǸ°һħ飬ֱ񶼲ھȻ˼ҵūţ
һūţȻôţħֶΣʰǹȻˣȷʵ֪ħĶ̰壬
ЩЩħһħԼľ⣬ʾԼһʶġ


1507 Ҳ
ЩһǺʵҶûסЩϾ𻯳ĳĶʵŻʵһһʵָˣҪǸⲻΪô
ţȴħ˵ˣһõģڣǲԲ顣⣬ͨ飬Ҷ֪Ҳ֪һѾȫˣõһʲô⡣
ҶξʵܲܰЩһﶼ޳˰ôЩһҵֵֹġ
ħ˵ˣҪ˵޳Ҳǲԣȴʮ鷳룬𻯳ĳܹܲЩħ֪жѡ˵ˣЩڶ˵Ҳûкô
ҶȤ治֪Щħܹʲôô
ħҶνһ֮Ҷβ˹
ħҶαЩħһǳ鷳һܹõĺõĻЩܶ
ҶȫøħȥԸ֣ȷʵһֺܺõĹֶΡ
Ҷ֮ҪЩħʵϾ²ÿƣԼԿƵħ飬ȫЩħǾͿԷʹˡ
ħ飬ղ˵ž޴ܣڿ˵˰ɡҶκȻ顣
ħʮ˵ˣ㿴ɽˮģʲôڣʵϣĪĻԵġ
Ҷ֪ħǿųܵļ䣬Ǽģ˵ĪĻԵǿ϶ͬСɡ뵽Ҷʾħ˵ȥ
ħĻҶθסˡΪħ˵ǣϣһƬ֮Ƭпȥġ
Ҷβһ߱ˣʲôҲɣ˵ˣǰ֮󶼻ƬֻҪȫЩƬǻᰴԼԭĿһġ
⵹ҶδС֣̫˼ˡȥ˵ܹƶˣ
Ҫ֪䣬ȴҶε޸ţˣǸĸǾԶˡ
ħЦ֪ض£ҲǲòġǾԸ֮£Լķз𣬾ܹ׵ȥˡ
ҶˣûףǸͿˣʲôԸȥԼķзħ飬Ҿ˵Ĳ񣬶ӦԲе˰ɣ
ħƶ˵ˣԲԲУз飡Ҫ֪Ǹλϣкܶ飬ܹġ
Ҷһô⣬ҲԼķԼзɣˣһǱַķ򣬻᲻ͬΪĶɱأ
ħһ˵ǿеģǳѡҪ֪˷ķ򣬵ޱǿĴڣֻҪһԼĶݣܹĸԸȥȫ¡
Ҷεͷǿ˵ͨȻħⷬЩ͸ǣħ˵֮ƬҶμΪŨȤ
Ҷĸǣ֮ƬҶεƤ£
ħΪҾʯʵϾ֮ƬϷҪ֪ħˮǷͬѰģĶҲջ֮ħˮеĿγɳ
Ϊ֮Ƭҵ·Ҳûбħˮ顣ҲΪҵĴڣܹʹħ˿Գĵط
ҶοҾʯ̲סͷⶫļӲ̶ȣҶθղſýâȭġ
ֶۣȻûкҾʯֺ֪֮ƬҲû취ȥ
Ҷʵħ飬ʲô취ܹӴ֮Ƭô
ħ쳣˵ˣҪˣ˵ģܹӴ֮ƬǶ쳣ֲĴڰңֻħˮ飬ֶΣ֮ƬҪǿ򱶰
ҶȻȻħ飬˵ûа취ɡܹҵ֮Ƭ۽ΣҶỹɡܻ֮Ƭҿŵһ壬ҲҵùˣҲڲ֮ǰų
ħˣɵôϲϽ˵л˶䣡ˣҪͨҾʯҵ֮Ƭ͵ÿɳղҲʶˮĥɳǾ͵ÿʯĥˣȻ¡
õҶεĿ϶ղˮĥɳζҶƷġħԣˮĥɳУҲᱻĥġ
Ҷüͷʵħ飬ˮĥɳֶΣ޷ԸҲķô
ħ鿮ȻҵһжǴ˵ģ˵һֶˡ˵ţħ͸ҶӦʹˮĥɳ
ħ֪ķҶμᷨӡ˳ٿɳҾʯΧγһǽ塣
ǽħˮעɳУγɳħˮĻ壬ȻٲٿˮĥɳΧҾʯתܹһĥҾʯˡ


1508 
ˮĥɳӴҾʯʱҶٴ̸ܵҾʯļӲ˫ĦӲӲĸоѺһʸС
Ҷ֪£ҪľԼ̬ԽżǰԽ޲
ҶһҧڵһЩ֮ܵ˳
ˮɳ໥ڣҾʯԱһʴҾʯ
һתһ޴ͷһת׶ܿ죬ˮĥɳȫû뵽˵£
Ҳ֪һжȻ䣬ҶθоӲ֪ĵصȻйҶθоɲĳǿȻ
ҶνãϽˣĴȫǿ⶯һ죬棬ħˮɳȫ뿪ĵȻըĳ֪жߣ򣬶ĳסˡ
ĳڷ裬Ҷȴȵķ֣ԼĻ˾˵ľޱ䡣ĳ˲͹ȥ⣬գۼͱǬ峺͸
ϣһСϪ·ӵصðһţĵ棬˲ðѿʮʱ䣬Щѿͳ˱̵ݡľҲڲһٸʱȫ涵Ĳģ
񼣣ҶҲֻԼ龰ˡ
ħȻҶεҶ˵ˣע⵽ûУĲǰһɼΪԵϢڲϼǿ
ȻԼǰһɼΪԵϢ˹ϢرǿңҶȴֲ׽Ϣһĸо
ҶסɰԵϢǰƬ̣Ҷξͷ˲ԵϢ쳣֮
ޱïʢĲݴУһǰƵĲС
ӱϿȥʵ˲ҹάҶʦⶫϵжһĸо
ΪһõƷǺõϣӾϵĳޱ𺳵ģһۿϣֹʸоͻֺ𺳵ĸо
ǰҶθոոܵޱȰԵϢĻԴһɨɨһۡ
Ҷζڵħ˵ιħ飬ⶫ˵֮Ƭɣ
ħʱҲЩɣӦǰɣҲȷҲûбĶⶫ԰ɡ
Ҷʵˣô֪֮Ƭģ
ħЦǴģ̥ЩħģЩħ𻯳ĳܵɡ𻯳ĳʵҵ֮Ƭĵط֮ͨƬ񣬿û뵽û֮Ƭ˼Ҿͳˡ
Ҷüͷ˵Ǹ˵ǸоİɣôֳĹ£
ȣˣܸ˵ôΪĴţҲȥܣҸܵϢ˵ʵڵĴˣôһоΪƵһͺڤڤעҪõⶫһ
ҶԲɵóһ飬ȥżȻʵϣżȻıȻġ
ͺñе֮Ƭûλ𻯳ĴܵµħˮҲڱǻȻһңҶͷƤ飬ԸǾ޷ҵĵŪġ
Ҫûгڵ׷ɱҶαƵ޴ӵĵزҶҲӵ͸޴ܹˡ
Ҷβ߽ǿ
ҶŲжʮҵľ룬ȻҶθоԼǱһɽһһ¡
һѣΣҶθоؿڷƣԴǰһȭһ
ˣˡħҶεڲϺš
⣬⵽ôһ°Ҷεʶ˶ݵͣ״̬
ħ鳤һΪҶα˵Ĳᣬڿûʲôˡ
ˣղӽǸƵĶʱҷԲʮҵľϣһ޴ķֱղǱʵϾǷָ˻
Ҷ˼ؿڵķƺԴеѣǺһЩħô˵ҶҲղȷʵйɼǿķŪ
ԽܴҶε»ˡ
ȻķЧǲΪǿɵģ˵ⶫһ򵥣
뵽Ҷ˷վŲķ˹ȥ
ˣˣħЩˣ̹λƴĺݾħ˵ˣ뿴ٹȥɣǶҵĸоУ൱ΣյĴڰ
ҶЦΣյĻһۣҲֵҷ°Ū֡ڣѾҵȤˣ˵ʲôҲҪⶫչ鵽ҵ


1509 
ҶнĹУʱͷųӲӽ⣬ֻҶһȣâȭȭݺΧ˹ȥ
ҶһȭΧʲôûһҶξȻһȭ߿գ
ҶŬҪסεʱȻоԼĽһҶζʱ˳ȥͨһҶξȻʵʵˤ˸ʺƣ
˭˭ңҳҶθоп϶͸ŹŹ֣ԼжţҲ󰡡
ǺǺǣСһǲСղžǸ㿪ЦҪĶ֣ĵһϵʮϷʵ
ԭǸϼһﰡֲòͷ¶βģԭڼ˰ʲôСЦ㣬Ҫ¶Ļһһô˰ɣб¸ҳ
ûҶεļ˵꣬ҶζȻоԼһᣬȫƮ˰գǸоһֻεְץȻݺһˤ
ҶŬźβŻҶҪȴоԼƨϺݺݰһţʱҶɳʮٴ䵽˵ϡ
һҪʹмƨϣˤһµûʲô󰭡
ħ鼱øʲôƵģϽ˵ˣ¶ļһܹԵģǻһ̰ɡ˵仰˰
ҶȴЦ˵ҴӳʲôĺݽɫҲûһû˵ɻصǰơȥڲҲ
˵꣬ҶȻһźȵ
¡һҶεĽһŷҶεγһ״Ļǽ
ӴǣСӣʱ򻹸Ҹҽа壿ԪطүҲ
䣬Ҷξ͸оǰĻǽȻԷȻӲӻǽдһͨҶεķȦڡ
ߣΪҲ·ǽΪ˰赲ô㣬Ϊ޼ѰķģֻҪ¶ˣǾͺ˵ˣǧ
Ҷΰڳֻհص˳֣Ҫ֪һصĺܺãҶθ޴ӷ֡
ǶԷҪͻƻԼǾмѭˣԷǽʱҶѾжϳһĴλá
ǧһһҲû뵽ҶλӦ԰취Ҫ㿪ʱΧĿռѾǡ
ڰÿһĿռ䣬֮ϾͲ
ǺǺǣСӣû뵽㻹ְⶫҶԣһСƣ˵ţͼ۶ϣһȻԼޱƽԷֶε˷С
˭֪ҶεϸһĨɫ۶ϵ˲ȥҶ˫סһ
Ҷΰһֱֻˣһֻڳ˵Ĵλãȭͷһ¡
ڶǸһﰤҶβٵȭͷǼһҲ׸ڱҶαס£Ҳʼ
飬һȫоåŹһͲںԼ˺ȫԷ
ǣҶξ͸оԼĹһһĴ죬ԷʵҶ֮ϣǱҶǿᣬԷͷûϣҶεĹͷһѡ
ָҶη˺ˣֱ§סԷǲ֣ʩչָԼ岻ϸԭͷ»ָãȴǲͣûãһ뷨ҪѶԷۣ
ιιιСӣôûɱ֮֮ްɣǿ˸Ц㷸ôǸ
ûʲôŷŵģȻңҪбұľ򣡶ֵˣһ̵ӡģҶͻȻһţۣŻѪ
ԷҲ޷ˣʹܹûѪɫҶȴǿԸӦԼѪϢԷҲ޴ˡ
ˣСӣһûзҪȻΣˣǸ
𣿺ðү𿴿ҵҪ㷢ǸʲôӣҶβģȭͷŹļһ
Ȼ䣬⻪һҶεĻһƳ׵ߣϼһﶼѩ׵ģǱҶ˼ѪԺ󣬾ͱòôˣȻռôеǱӡ
ߺȻ˫΢΢һף·ĴΪһһҶξ͸оԼǰ򶼱˻һ
һŭ𣬴ߵȻŷһǿҵĳҶεϣҶζʱ§סߣٴη˳ȥȻˤ䵽档
ϼһҪܣǺúýһ£ҾͲˣ㻹ܡҶһҪһߺ
Сӣû򰡡УѾûôˣô밤ǾúƷһ°ζ


1510 ϱ
߿ҲЩˣֻ΢΢һΣѾҶεǰ
Ҫ˵ҶҲ׼ģҪʹóˮû뵽ߵٶȾȻͬʯһݣûҶΰѾ˽ǰ
ָ
СӣģԼҲ¿ڣãͿܹ˵ʲôʱ򣿿ĻָָܹĿ죬Ҹɵ˺ٶȿ죡
߲԰׵Ѿ˺ΣһЩһҲǼģϵĶԽԽ죬Ҷξ͸оȭӰһ䡣
ֻҶθоٲӲˣڸϽľǵһλġ
еˣ»ûмҶĺηļһ
ιСӣҪʲô㰡ĿǰΪֹҿûҪҪһٶڣ˼Ҳˣؾ
ͷ˵Щûõģ¶ģռ˱˾Žˣûţ죬ҾҪ㲻Ǹʲôӣ
˵ţҶߵǰʮλͣȻڵܣʶ˱Ѫ꣬ŭ
Ѫ꣬

Ҷ˫ĿӿĻһĺâұǰһӣʱâסΧϰɵķΧ
һâȻת棬ĻһܾʮɸߣܻУһֻЮŹͷ߷ɱ
ΧеĿռȫˣʱͷֻӲˣ˫·쫷һ㣬죬뷢
ҿһŭ˫ֽʵʵͷ֮ϡ
¡¡·׹һ㣬γɵͷߵ˫顣Ǵɵͷ֮ϲ˼ǿҵıը
ըǿҳϵƬƬ䣬һʱ伸ǳ壡
û뵽ôĻôãòҶһЦ߸Ƥǳɫһ㡣
΢΢һŤһγɵϸסȫҶγЦݣҲ¶һĨɱ
ͼȻһ֣ڵϵǿٿһɵߵУĴ߶ͼ뵹âƣȹâɢȻߵлһĳ
£һˮ޺ۣϱ
ߵıȣͼǳ޻Ҷο
һԲӵĵâӶϱϷϱâǰеٶҲж죬нĹУҶԷĿռǺȻˣռ֮ڵһȫֹͣˣΨһܹƶľĶϱ
һȻǶϱâǰеʱڿռĵռѷ죡һˮ޺ۣһϣϱȻ鴫
ǷˣǸϼһʹһֶΰϿ취Էһǽ˿ռ䣬ûֶΣǶϱһǿɾ˰ħҶεڽ
ϱĵâٶȻҶεĸоȴǲһġΪһֱӿԼģ
ڣѾûκܹˡҶϵ֮ܣˮգ
һɲǼ䣬ѾõĿռˮһ㲼˿ռ䣬ϱˮУٶȱ޷ˣ
ҶҶ֮ʩչˮգĿռܹɻһղʹܵߵǰߵҶһȭӳ
ŵУϱߵзڰ۷˼䵽˵棬ֱ̼˲ģ
Ҷγ߾һȭŻߵؿڡһأɳȥԶĻˡ
ˣУʹóĳڶܹᣬ̫ˣħ⻰ûа٣ڶҶѾޱȳˡ
иƨҶαһֿڣղΪ˶ԸߵĶϱҶʹó֮ܣⶫɲǴײˣǿΪԵõ
ʱѾҶοɲٴˣ˵ҶûݾʵԼ֮ˡ
ͷΪֹòãҲƴˣҶٵġȡҶεߵ֮ȥˣЩ飬ûҪ˵
ߵҲû˼һ˿٩ζ˵ٺ٣СӣΪһЦʧô֮ܣǲʹΰ
Ҷζʱɴ۾˵㣬㡭ô֪֮ܵģ
ϵЦݣҶ˹һյ£ʾҶҲ¡
ҶԳһ£ߵߵ¡
תͷ´Ҷһ̾Ϣû뵽ʵҪȴҪĽӵе֮ܡǵĵ˴ȫɣ
ҶαͷʾԼȷʵǻ˴ȫ
̾Ϣû뵽Ȼ˰Ѵܹӵ֮ܵһڤڤעһһߵĻ


1511 һ
ҶԲɵ΢΢һߵĻͺ˽һ
뵽Ҷβʵǰ⻰ʲô˼ѵϤô
߻ϻһӴˣҶߵĽֱǽ뵽һĸо
ʵ֪棬һЩ½ϵ˿һˣռڡ
ʵϣǿڶഫ磬ããУֻضϵΧߵ۽׼磬ҲͳֻǽӽλõıԵش
½̫Զδ½ĴڡıԵش½⣬ڵԵˡ
֪ͨеĵشʵϣ˵Ǻеġֻǽӽĵش
ٽһ޷ӽصشڵһλ棬ռʵϸҪǽӽĵط
ΪܹӴλ棬ԾͰλͳΪ磬ڸλ棡ʵϣǲռλ棬УҲżҵۡΪ磬Ҳ޷Ӵط
еĳܶһ֪ͬ㣬ǾǴڲϵļеġһһӳһ˭Ҳı䲻˵ġ
ܹͻϰճ񣬵ı֮£Ҳ⣡
һֱгڲоܷһЧĻƣֻܹءΪ˭һ뷨ǾǲŲԶֻأһԶ浱С
ڲϵо֮£ǺȻһֽĹᴩСõһ㴴ĲƬͨоֹĶؼֱ񶼾ò˼顣
ΪκεĹЧضġν˷أط죬취Ȼķ򣬶ǻڴ˶ġ
ΨЧκεĶ·Ǻճһ㡣㣬ǸǾ淢֣ʱֱӿԺͨܵĽȫʵ֡
ˮǣ߿ԵõܵܽκεĹ޷ġܵĵصܣܹκεںϹͨĲȫת
Ҫ֪ǿҲκܹյģΪŽȻͬԣ˵ڣô˻ʹʵ
ľǣܹһϵڣǾ֮ܣǳһеĴڣκεķԼֻҪ㹻κ˿ս˵Ĵڣ
ǣһЩĵʼѰҴæ޾£ǵóһۣǾǴֹԼѰҴߵģκҪѰģǲô
ЩһҲһ׷Ѱʱⷢ봴ͬͬԴһֹ
ͨоҲŷֻ֣ͨʵֵġռ𣬶
Ǿһ۴󵨳ˣֻҪܹͬʱӵд߾ͻᳬĴֻأܹŲˡ
ǣЩһﰴԼյʼѰΪԼһ֮˽ܹԶ𣬶˼Ϊ˵ֶΡ
ԼеĴˣչ˷ɱΪΪΥΪУ϶᲻鷢ǱĬӵдȥĽѣͿѰҵӵдˡ
ǰôЩ˽ô͸ǵ;˵İ
ߺȻֲζЦȣЩ飬Ҳסģܼ򵥣ҾЩƻеһԱֻҿɱ¾̫أ;˳ֻϴ´Ѱ
ǰҿ˵һ飬ԸܹԼķзܹǡ
һ⻰չЦһڳǿʵǼĹ֮£ҲǻᱻɵġģҵһӰˡ
Ҷ˲ɵһ飬Ϊߵһû뵽ȷҪ㣬ȻֻһӰ񣬻˵ǻӰһӰȻô֪Ƕôǿ
ǰѵ֮£Ҷ˵ԼĲ²⡣
صͷ
ҶβǰԭɡҪǰ˵ôһﳬΧǲܻӳЩġǶϱİɣǶôᱻأ
߳˼ʱȷʵѾҵˣǣΧҵĴҪ׽ҵʱҺȻоһҽеĲƬжϱҾ¸ˡƾŽеļ䣬ӪӰﹶӲд


1512 
ҶξȵòˣΧߵĴڣǲһĴڰôбĴڰаأ
ƺҶεĻɣЦ˵ʵҲ޾£ڽ쿴֮ҷ·еĹؼΪʱҴʹõ֮һһģ
⻰׹ҶθĿɿڴû뵽߾ȻǱܸ֮Ūģ
εʵкܶ飬Ǿж޷Լ־ܹʵֵġͺһΪΪĴֻ֣ĳЩڰŪһӶѡ
ǰ֪˵Ŀ֮·˹ؼָʲô
ߵɫ滺һ˵һһģͺһƺõһʱ㲻òߵľ˼ǵ񽪶ϣϱҳ̣˵֮УΨҵĳ磬ΪɸƵġ
˵ϵϸֳһɰȻɫҰѶϱ˼£ĴܳҪ̥ǣĿѡңһ˶һУеһնϣ̤λ档
ǰǸղʵʲôϵ
̾ϢϵɴȥˣҪ֪ҵĴڣܾܿǰŪרŸµġ˶ϱܳĵ·ϣ쳣˳
񣿻ܣǰҲ˼ͳ񣬸ﻹأҶе㱻Ϳˡ
ϴһִȰ۹⿴Ҷ˵ڰҵּĳǵļֵܷΪǳӣ첻ǲģʱһӵ
ҶеˣϵӰǲдЩ֮ܵϢҶھݵʱ򣬿϶ǻ֮ܵ޵Ϣ
ȻվЦСӣȻѾˣҵľ־ڶϱϱЩ˵ҸԸȻЩƵζ֮ܵĸܹʶڣܿϱ䵽ֵεҲֵˣ
Ҷζһ˵ҲһĵûдĴڣԼ˸ɵĴڹӲдڣδҲ̫˵㡣
Щע˵һ޷ȥı䣬ֻĬĬܡ
ϵ嶸ȻͬˮһˬЦСӣϱԺҪдˡҪס㻹ûгǰʹáڵʵʹһζϱܹȫɣммǣ
˵꣬ϵ廯һˮ״һĶӿǿ֮С
ҶδǰǰҪ߰һкܶҪءˣҽҶΣǰ֪ҵء
һʱ䣬ҶЩ״ΣҲ֪Լ˵ЩʲôҶ֪ǸĴڵ˭ʲôϵǣҲ޷ṩκεϢˡ
ҲǾЩҶλǲҪ֪ΪãΪҶεʵܲ֪һЩ֪飬¾Ҫδ֪ΣգԻǲ˵Ϊá
Ȼ䣬Ȼ֣ҶܹоЩУôһ˿˿֮ܵϢ
ҶθϢʱǿ͵Ҷγ˹ûҶ׼Ѿû뵽Ҷεұ֮ϡ
ʱҶθоһɺ̺İӶϱͷų˲䣬Щͳ˱Ҷεȫ
һʱ䣬ҶϾҪըһĸоҶθϽܣںЩ
ܵĵ£Щӿ뵽ҶεУӴĹ£Ҷεֱӷ˾˵ı仯
ںĳ£Ҷεһֱ۵ı仯ı߽ˣԭʮϣңеĸҲ˷츲صı仯ԭֻһЩ͵ȼڣѾЩ޳Ҷεˡ
Ҷᵽޱǿ󣬾ǵ񽪶ʹõһϱϽһӰӵеҶΪĴڶ޷ܣ
һ޷ͣǿ䣬ҶζԣֻһߵڣܹܵǾһãҪǼֲһ
ʱħȻеˣ壬壡̺Чõģ
ҶѣԼΪ£ЩԵĶħ˵öԣ壬Чģ
壬Ҫ޴Ĵ۵ġҪ֪ҶܹնռĶϱӡڶһ˲䣬Ҷεд뱻ϱۻԵΪˡ
ҶθϽʹóָϱ٣Ҷξͻָ٣Ĵ£Ҷεֶܹܵסļˡ
Ҷڵڷ賤Ѿ˶ʮڼӿ룡
ʮʮһֱʮҶλ˫ۣ˸оԼޱȳ֮⣬Լֱϣһɫĵ״


1513 Ԫ˧
ӦþǶϱˣҶοзĲϲãһɵ˸УЩķŭ
źҶ뿪֪ʵ֮Ҷһ£ǸԼصļһҶλûаֱʹöϱĻܹŶԷĴʵ̫ˡ
һܰԼеգǿɲǿЦģΪһʱʹⴿԲеΪȲ˵ôӴĶȥ˵Ǿֻ۵ˡ
뵽ҶξûȻȥԼǸͷȻԸԼǾͳ绹мһ죡ӱʮ겻
ҶƽϢһеԹϵǵķȥ
ţȻħ˵ˣôˣЩ㱰ԶһɼΪֵϢôûо쵽أ
ҶβϿǹϢҶȻϢΪ˭ˡ
ǿֵϢ
ҶθоĹǿҵϢһ㱼Լķ򣬶ңĹϢϵ÷ǳжȣԼȫɢҶֻҪǻǰɵĻҲǱܲеһġ
ҶͣΣĹǿҵϢ
Ҷû뵽ǣԼͣĹǿҵϢٶҲˣȻǳԼ˹ٶԽԽ󣬾ͺͥŲһ
ǣЩϢȻǸоҶʾһ
ȻҶεǰһ⻪һۼŮĸҶεǰ
ͬʱҶθоĹϢٿطɵŮߣһ·һĶŮ䡣ǶŮƶƮԵŮȡ
Ҷһ˵㱾ĿʲôͼǴ⣡
ŮȻһЦкüֳνԶͳ˧ӦýҶ˧ϯϣҽҶҲС⣬㻹һ峤Ҷ峤Ҳûд
Ů˵õ赭дҶεĶȴһ㣡ϢжϣŮ϶ˣܹʩչб仯һ˽ԼôϸĵϸɾͲһˡ
УŮ˼ԾԼġ͸˵ͨˣҪ֪Լ٣˵ˣԼصĶͷ֪Ů֪Լٵģ
ŮҶεɫ粻Ҳܲ³Ҷʲô
ǺǺǣҶϣһôƺɡȷʵǿƵҽᣬĴԪ˧㲻ҪôнĺòãŸú̸̸ġ˵Ӣ۰ŮҾͱ仯ӡ
ʱҶڵһħЩˡ
ˣ椲ԭʲôӣǾֵϵģôģϾŮÿ˵ΰô
ҶθϽʶɨһħһԣֻҪǸĸģȫϵĿǷΧ֮ڡ
ħ飬Һúʰһһħ飬ҼţԺЩħ͹ƹܣ»Ҫħ£Ҿʰ㣡
ҶεħЦſǸħֵܣְڣֻõ˰˵ţħ鶸Ȼһâħס
ħʱһĲҽУһｵһҶЩħûа취͵ø޴Ĵۣڿɺˣħ֣ʰЩħǲҶε
쵽Ҷε쳣ǳЦҶϣղ˵Ҫú̸̸ǿԿϲ̸̸ô
ҶεȻЦ̸ǿ̸ģֻҪһĿ̸ĵ̺ûҰռĵ¾룬֮ӦǸԼı߽磬෸õġ
ܷܷ֣ЦҶϺԴǵĻӴҶû滷ʵ̫նˣҪһȽʺĻѵô
ҶɫԪ˧һ㣬еضĻġעõġǵĻȻӣǵĻ深ܵġҪĵ̣˵ˣ뼷ռռ䣬ѵô
ᾹȻͷ˵ǻ˼ҶϣҪ˵ǣеΪܶġ֮ҲҶϣѵҪΪһѹܶһϢô


1514 ̸ͷ
ҶαĻˣĻӦָƵġһôܹ֪еأ
Ҷüͷ˵ô˵ôԱѾ뵽統Уָ̽Ϣ˶Բԣ
᲻ÿɷЦ漰ܣͲܸϸ˵ˡҶϣһΪʲôܹ·;ϳֵİɣʵϣǶĹԶԶ벻ġ
ҶαĽˣΪĽ͸ʮֳɹġ
ںǰ͸Ѿչˡѡȡܹ仯֮˵ĸߵΪԱ͸ռָ鱨
ϲһսʮűͷнҶ֮֡
˼ҵۣڴһЭ飬ʱȰй۲춯̬ҶαɵˣҲΪűޡ
ҶܹùƣǾ˵ҶǷǳ˲õģȡΪϡ
ԱռҶε鱨ҶεϢʱ۲ҶεĶ
û⵽ҶκǸֲĶֹһĻֻ֪Ҷγ˴˵úءԱһڲ˹ؼϢҲǵ֪ˡ
ЩͷۣƻˣҶҪ˾͸ҶνӴҶιȻˣɾһıҲ֪Ҷô찡
߲ǾԹһĻ
Уǿǽڶ˵Ĵڡɹ֪߲ҶǶôӡһı죬ǾܹϢ׷ٵɢϢĴڡ
ԱѾͨռҶεϢҶùĶжĶȻҶεһϢ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ϵĸǣܹһϢ²׽ķλҲΪʲôҶε·ϵԭ
ҶЩȻؿ˵û뵽ǻôĹѵңҲΪǵӦô
ЦҶϣҪ˵ôǴûʵûнڲٵϵģǴžԵĳġҶϣ˸һǲһˮݰ
Ҷһüͷ˵ҺͶ죬Ҳֻһ˻ȥǻ῿ԼʵɵǼˣ
ԳЦҶϣΪˣ˵˵òãǶ粢ûһµ̰ҪģԵһЩߵֻҪǺǻԸ죬һȡҲæġ
ҶЦᣬֱޱ˰סĵ̣ǾԲȾָġѪΪµıŲԭκκζ޷ıģ
һ˿⣬˵Ǿûˣ
Ҷκһ˵û֮ͲĻأ
Ȼ޷ԶҲҶΣҽԼݸ̸ǿ㣡Ҫʶ̧٣ɱҲˣ
Ҷδһ˿Ц˵룬ɾҪô̸˾ҪᣬѵΪܹԸô
ᶸȻһŤȻһŮģĴڱһ嶯һĶ״
һеľһԴռ֮ӽͷģС֫¾ǳ̵Ĵ֡
һ˦֣ʱʮҶε˷Ҷϯ
ֶҲҵǰŪǧ
Ҷڵޱȳ棬ֻҪǲʹöϱԪصϹʹã
Ҷε˫ϣһɳӭĴ־ͲĴȻûҶε࣬ڲĴֺ󣬶ȥ
̼䣬ϾͱĴм̵Ųס
С壬֪Ĳ»һʲôĸоҶ˵ţٿʼ
ȻĲ£ڲС
Ȼ͵ضܱߵһֲ֨Ҷξȵķ֣ıϣȻһĺ
ͼ΢΢һЩɱûԣɲǼǲѣܱƮɢ
ߣҶΣССҺΣҲ֪ĻնຮĵطľԺûеطܱǸطӺˣҶΣǲ֪ĺʱ򣬻ʲôĸܰ
һЦ֮ȻһʱͷǱһޱȡ
ۣ
һ˳ͼһŵ׵ƮٶȻ죬֮ȴһֲ죡


1515 â
һ죬ɲͨ죬Ϊĺʵֲ̫ˣ͵¶ΧĿռ䶼ˣ
ǿҶοɲҵϽǿķ˳
ҶΣΪԪطֵܹסຮ֮ĺô֮ܣЩûõģҶγѡ
ĺٶȹȻ˵㣬ӰΧı仯ǼġԲʱĺˡƺһ˲䣬һƬռһжֹͣˣʱ䶼
ٿصĺƣҶθоתٶȲԼƶ
ǣһƵ󣬾ͼǽȻĽ䣬ҶιеĻȻֲĺķѣ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷξ͸оһ״溮ȻԼÿһëԼ
ѪҺ˲͵ĸоҶоԼʶ˻㱣·ϺУֻͣͲΨһ
֮缼ܣ籩
Ҷʩչ缼ܣҶεܱߣһȦȦķҶǴڷ۵λãķ籩Ҷʲô£Χĺǿҵ£쫷һ쫷ɢ
ᱻǰľˣû뵽Ҷô򵥵ķ缼ܾͰԼ͵ľѧ״ˡ
ֱһķ籩ҶεΧеĺȫߣǶڷ籩ĵҶΣȴûаӰ죡
Ҷ΢΢ζ˾룬һĨЦҶ˵ᣬʲôĿЩ޹ءҪ뵽ı棬ϣǻݻĺռΪĿĵġ
ɫʱ䣬˵ѵʲôôҺ̸ģǻݻô
Ҷҡͷ̾Ϣˣ̸ǽ׶ǻݻҪݻָ˫ƽȻϽ˴˵Ͷɹĵȡұϵ֧֡
ЦͶɹֱǲ磬ǿʳ磬ӮͨԵʱսʤǣеһжǣǰ֮
Ҷοᣬɵҡͷڤ粻飡˵㶼⣬仰԰ᣬˣ˵оԵоߣֻһԭ٣Ҿɱ٣
ȻЦҶΣڤ粻Ӧɣ֮УûôΪãΪǵԱãѰɣЩʶʱˣ㣬һ֪ԼԴΪԼɵñѣ
ҶϸһɱϢ̾ʲôطǻĲФ֮ˡᣬܹɰǧְ࣬ǣиǹֱˣеɵñбȱȽǣ
˵꣬Ҷεתһɱ֮ɫᣬ챾ɵ㣬ΪϾսģǣȴһߵ̬˵Ҳͱĺˣ
âȭҶ廯һһ㣬ᡣҶεԡŲӲӵĽ⣬ȭϽ䣬Ҷεȭͷˡ
âᶸȻԼ˫ۣԭֻС۾þȻһС
۾ȻɵĹâɵĹâҶϵĽâϾͰҶϵĽɵˡ
ҶΣû뵽ɣ֮سǧϵĵطɼܹս΢ûʳʱ򣬾ͻһֱ˯κĶϾͻɣͺúһ¾âһɵζɡ
âĹǿҵƭԣȥͺǹâһʵȴϸС΢ﹹɵģЩܹСļ϶ǷʤĴڡ
ҶЦСҲҵǰŪҶβûм޸ԼҪĹͷİΣʩչ˴ȥᡣ
Լ鱨Աõ˲ٹҶεҶεĹҲ˽һЩܹ˽⵽Ҷεȴ˽ⲻҶε˼ά
ܵص˺֮ҶûԾȣĽûԤϵġ
۾ĴԼ۾زҲǰԼŻҶγˡ
ᶸȻûһҶεӰȻ굽Ժ
㣬㡭ҪʲôʱҶλҪҶô˵ҲǱ壬ǱҶʶУ
ǺǺǣ˵ҽܹʲô²ǻҺܶôӦ֪ǸʲôİɣҶεЦ
ܹƱ˵ľ־ֳ˵ţ̲סɪɪ˿ǿǱҪ˿־İ


1516 ָ
ûӦҶεӰѾʼļпʼҷˡ
ιιιҶΡҶϣһ°ɣԸ⸶һĴֻۣϣôòãĵ
Ҷ˿ûͣ˼һ߷żһЦǺ˵ǾȻд͸ļƻУô˰ĴСԱԺߣһȺ࣡
ú£ЩҪǱҶθй¶ȥǶ߲˵ǼֱһԵĴ
Ҫ֪ôˣʮһ͸Ÿ㵽˽ģҶΰϢһ¶ʮѪȫˡ
µǣй¶ϢԴͷԼԼûʲô˵ģɹؼҪһȺ˰
ҵˣԭƾâľӵİᣬûԼܾâɻһʲôĸо
ҶϣˣˣǧôԸ鸽Ըūֻ
᳹ױˣ˵ĻỹԽܣй¶ܣܾâĥĴ᳹׾ˣ
ȰѾâɡҶ˵
ﻹб뷨ϽͰѾâ˻ҶεӰԺһһŹԺһᷢԼʶУһСĹԡ
ҶѾԼӰӣ˵ԺѾʶӣһһȫڵһʱ֪ʲôҲˬ飬ʱͻ֣ᷢһޱҸ飬ˡ
ˣ˵ֻҪŹңҾūһж־ΪҵĿꡣڰҶƣʾԼһж˳ӡ
Ҷһ˵ţܺáΪ˱㣬øʲôʲô漰еĻܣͿ𴫵ݸĸ߲㡣⣬ҪռϢҪĶʱ㱨ң֪ô
æͷӦǣһᰴķԸһеġ˴ˣһҪ͸ϣЦɡ
˵ţԼһֻקһź޹Ĵָ
ҶЩɽӹӱϿһΪͨĴָ˵ͼȲӣҲûѤĸʽ
Ȼô֣¸ָһ׵ĵط
뵽ҶŰԼʶͷųҪ̽һָ̽Ŀռ䡣һ̽Ҷθһ
ָĿռ侹ȻޱȵĿ㣡ҶεжϣָܹѰĶܹװС
ָһܹ֮ɻСĴָ˵ֱһ޷ﵽĸ߶ȡ
ΪҶ𺳵ľָʵ̫ӲˡһЩƷĴָ޷ģΪܹͷųӵâһĴָͲУŽȥܿͻ𻵡
ָӲ̶ȿңҸ˼ԣҸǿȣ
ҶξǣָָϣϾ͸ָΪһ壬Ϳôһöָ
ᣬʲôָô˵죡Ҷ̲סʵ
ҶλϲޱȣŰһڣֻҪֵܹҶεĻģʲôҪ
ָҶδ۽硣
ָĲϣԵλòܹһּȶʯʯͷһܹ֮ó״̬ҹǹ̬״̬糿Һ̬̬ˡ
ĲϣҪڸµ²ƣʯƼΪ⣬Ҫڼȵµ²ܹӴʯжһʯľ
Ҷϵָ˵ҪʮʯܹʯľƳһָ
ĲϻУҪܹ͵סߺĶʦܹѲƳƷ
̵ֿۼһĴָ޷ӵСָһƳġΪܹ͵סϺԲŻʯľ
Ƴ˲ԺỹǧѧϰŰָƳôһָ˶ʮƳɹ
ָ˵ǣһֱţԼףʾˡ
һ£Ҷν˵˽ȫܣһԱܵġһ첻ò˵е飬Ҳᱣ㣬øйϵ˵ġ
ллˣһǵĶġṪ˵
ԶȥҶθϽϵôָ£ڴָı棬һЩֻԼ⿪󷨣ԼʶӡǣôָԺֻҶԼܹˡ


1517 
ôָҶλϲòˣĶϲ̶ȣһҲڶϱ
ôָ˵ЯߵΪһˣĻǣҲҶβдһ岿ݣγһԶʧȥҶҲҲõĴָʧˡ
˿ϲãҶ˳ɻǡҶ뿪첢ûʲô鷳෴ģϵֶˡ
һоͺǽ뵽һޱȺƽķΧһһگ˵ǰ䲼گΪܵ˼˵Ĺƻ䲼Ķ˼ƽگ
ָΪĺƽٺȶͻ׵Ⱥ
ҶʼδġĻµı棬ҶеоΣľ޴ı䣬ҶһʱЩͷԣǱѳԺȫټҪȫλ˽ֵ
Ȼ˳һߵ쵼ĳϻǷȱ飬ٲûöǽд
ϯĻϣȷԣϣЩٶտʼʱҲЩ㲻ס½½ɳȥüˣ鱨ȫǶľ档ҪĴϡ
˵ϣǶڷ꾡ķһگ϶һ̶ƹ˶һءΪگһһ˷һΣĻʮ֣Ļ
ҶϢҲ΢΢һ֪ҵ֧صӡ
֧ӣѫӵܹɣӳϮľλר˴ߣҳϵĽ߹Ľ
˵ҳڻҵװҰǻҳԱһԴǷлҲеװΣңҳԱڱҪʱ򣬶Ҫ̲顣
ֻʵ۵ֱ쵼ȷʱ͸𴢾Ļһֱ˳ǻ
һǻң˵ʵΪصװʸһԴУҲѪ
ҶԶ϶ĵơһ֧ޱҳϣʵǿװôʱ̳أ
Ҫֻ֪ڻܵвʱ򣬲ŻɳװвĽĳ֣϶ǳԶ˼Ӧҵֱ쵼һУΪʲôأ
Ҷüë˴񣬱˵ϣһĻôǲǸʲô㰡
жϣе˶ǻһжϣǼģʷϣȨȨһԳԹŮ໥èĶֱ˴˲¼ɺͷΪȨĶǣ໥
½δ˵㣬Ϊеֻͣųһֽگϣ˭׸ʵ̫ˣҵĿⶼеҶεϡ
ҶȻʶԼЩʧ̬ˣʱ˶Ϊľٶ쳣ţʱһԼ̬Ⱥɣͻôҽŵӽš
뵽ҶչЦϣġֻһֽگܷ˭ǶҪ̬Դǲǲ£ҲػȸԾҪ֪ԼĺƽͲǱʩͶ͵ġ
˵ҶɫֻԼ㹻ǿˣ˾Ҫ۸㣬Ҳû쵽෴ģҪ㲻ǿ󣬼ǺƽϣҲһٵĺƽûκαϵġԣԼøǿ
ĺ͵ϣȫͬĿҵǾãĿǰһʮеʱڡҰ˳һǵشıһ־жϵġΪӦԲӦ䡣
ҶЦĺͣ˼ԹۣʲôϷᱩ¶ǲǣ
ĺ͸Цϣ˼ֻǰй۲죬Ҫȥ̽ϢҪʲôҪ¶ŵġǸʱӦҲٰ
ĺͣܵʲôʱʼҵĵһʦãɣλ
ûҶ˵꣬ͼһԺʿϣʹ˵ҪϡڳԺҵȺʾ
Ҷγһ˵Ͼȥ𲮣ϣϣǸԴ˸øʲôʲôӴʹ飬Ͳشˡ
˵ﱾиҶôһ˵Ͼˡ
ҶһװŲʿҡ
֪ʹʧԶӭˡﰡˡҶԶԶʹ·Ǽ˶һ顣


1518 칦
ʹֱǿ׳죬Ȼһз̬ûˣȡ֮һޱе顣
˼ǰһסҶΣǸоǼֵһ
Ҷϣ˿ˣҶӢ˵ãһȻ鴫üҶգµԸ
˲豭Ҷܰѻ⳶ˣʹˣ֪ݰкιɰ
ʹ΢΢Ʒ˿ڲ˵ҶϣأҪĿĵġҶҲ֪䲼گˣĵһ£ǴΪǰʾǸ⣬ɱεģ˻ǾѴ̡
һͻҿеˡȻһҲɳʹǽˡ
뵽ҶˬЦ˿ˣͳټҪΪ˵СС©Ҳġ²µġ
ʹѲ豭£˵ҶϣĵڶĿģǷ֮Уĵ˶˵Ⱥ⡣ϣҶܹṩһó׳ЩǷǵˣһϳͲ
ҶκǺЦʹˣʵ˲ģҲôһЩСڻҵگ£ŵò֪룬Ҳ˷ˡ
ʹζЦҶԼǣʹ˽ҹһʹҶϵȥμ칦磬˿ǽˣҪҶĴ󹦳ҿû˽
ʹҶξһ£칦磿ڸʲô
ʹҶεɻЦҶϱˣֵĶսУҶԶǴ簡ҲУսҲУԣҶޱȥμӰ
ʹԹɫҶЩɫ䣬˵Ҷǣǻҵ˼ֻаˡʵУÿ֮岻ݴǵԲԣǣй֮˾Ҫй֮˾ҪȻ˭Ըȥذ
ⷬҶˣʹѻҸҶηĵ˼δЩõ˼ˡ
ʹҶɫı仯˵Ҷϣ˴γϯ칦ģ̫Ǽʴˡʱ˽ͻҳԱһΪΪ֪Ҷϡ
˵ʹ۾ҶΣϣҶԼϡ
Ҷɫƽ˵ģ칦磬Ȼȥģתˣʱһᵽ
ʹϲϽҾظˣҶϣʮպټ
˵꣬λʹȻڳԼҪ飬Ͼ뿪ǡ
Ҷð죬黹ҪͨһϵˡҶξͰѳԺĳ˵ٴټһ
Ϣһɫķ
һ˵ͲУ칦磬ΪʲôȻһӰĻţԶʲôİţҶ֪ȥȥ
𲮵ͷϣϵеȻӦˣǾͲܲȥˡĦǼСӲǸһôҲԶеĹĦȥô
͵ǰܾöĺ«ĲʲôҩҪȥˣ»Ǹ塣طѡľǲòϣǵڣǧܳκεĲ
˷׷׸ϵһΪȥ
Ҷǳã󻺻˵һҪȥģλҲǲλĿģҪ֪һʵǾʲô֣ҶܹȫˣȫҾͲõˡ
˵Ҷüͷ˵ȥ磬ҲԶĿĵġͨʹԻоͻ֮ô㲻гһ룬õ˻ҵȫ֧֣ҪԸңѡĵؽǸã
ɵϣȥҲǲԣҪҪЩֹȥУȥʮ֮ô׼һܲڳԿɣ
ҶЦԼȥĺãҲźܻĴġԼȥ㣬Ƿˡ֮ǰȥԷҪаŵĻҲǰԤ
Ҷοȷǣһض϶ǶԼʲôжôֳĶ϶ᱻԿռϵͳѵͲ±֪
˵ҷگǺͶݵһ˫ɣΪԼϣ
еĲ²⣬ҪĴ룬ܹʹԼֵ׼
ھʮľϣҶη˷ٶȣԶ۲ϵһС
ҶεǣͨۿʮϵһУ


1519 
һŻߵеԴûסˡϵֲҲΪˮԴȱʧȫ
ϣ˵ĿĴ꣬¶ɳֻʣɽҵĸɽ
Ҷδ۾ǣԼΧתһȦȻûзκεļɴҶεϣϾʹԼμ칦ģѵӶô
Ҷһ£ɽ򡣾Ҷһ㿿
ҶȷĻΪԼߴ˵طܱߣһƬţ޾ŵУҶֲĸо
Ҷȫ䱸䵽ϣĿȴԼܱ߳˼žǼžΧûκε
Ȼ⶯ҶȻһһɵ˰֮ϡ䣡һ⶯ĵطȻͬɽһƿһĴ󶴡
Ŀɲǹ̵ҽŨŨ̳Ű׵Ĺâ
Щâ˸߿գڰһķΧڣѸٽһγߣһž޴ȫס
һ󶴵ĹâȫľʱЦɢ
ҶΣҾ֪һġʱ򣬶Ըˣʹİ취Чġ
ΰδӴзɳɵҶͬȵĸ߶ȣζҶΡ
ҶοЦղŻΪ첻ôûм飬ڿǴ׾мİŰ
쵭ЦɷѿĲļƲ߰˵ʲôııһ㶼ۻ𡣼Ȼһʮ׾ŵļıϹҽңǰƭˡ
Ҷεͷû뵽»Ҷ֣죬ҶΪôͬɣ
仰ƺǴ˶ʹԵģɫһ䡣
ɫ粻˵һеս㣬ʵҶΣֻҪˣʲôˡ࣬ߡ
ҶֵǺǺǣǰųֻصˣôῴһλأ
ɫ䣬Բ۾Ҷ˵ʲô㶼֪Щʲôô֪ôص飿
ҶεЦҲҿسڣҲڽѺ֪һЩ顣ˣͻ֮ɢϢУȻѰҳͨĳЩ˾ͿԳֻأԶ𣬺ߣôҰİ
ЦҶΣòϣǼѲĶ֣ʹɳһһĸ֣ǵѣ㻹õĻԵܹһ˵ģһΣ˵ˣǽӽһĴڣߡ
ҶȻ˴ӵɳĹڰнɵ״ṹһּΪǿ󷨡
ò˵ȻҶͨ󷨵Ĵڣ޷׼ȷ˵еʲô
ǺǺǣҶ˵ôҪ֪ɱһޱѵ飬󷨵£ȫпģΪ㣬ҿѪˣ֪ô췣ʯ
ҶﶸȻһ췣ʯ֪ģΪԤ֮Ϊ췣ʯֻҪǴ췣ʯͻҪǿ⣬û뵽쾹Ȼܹ㵽ⶫ
Ҷ˫Ŀֳһɱ˵Ҳܲ˰ɣ
ҡͷЦҲҲȻ֪һЩ飬ҲͲ㣬⣬ҵͬǺġܹںеҵܹԿе
Ҷξѵ˵ܹ췣ʯâ
ģҪȻô˵ǲµֹҶΣȻӣ͹Թɣ
˵ţ쾹ȻȻζΣֱҶ
ҿɽȭ˫ĿԲâʢһȭҶλ
ҪսϲҵҪھʲôʵâȭ
˵壬һ˴˳ȥһâһâڰкݺݶײһ
¡¡ľ𣬰к췣֮һƳϡȭͷ֮ݺݶһ£âǷ˾ҡΣ
Ҷα˳ʮԶǱ˰Զ
Ҷε񣬶𾪡
⣬⡭ôܣҶΣ㾹Ȼʮ㵽׾ʲôôʵ֮죿ֱЩɵˣ
ҶεЦҲӴϴμʱҲǰǿΪھȻʮҲǿԵˡ죬ӵùҵô
˵ţҶΰұ̧


1520 ޵İ
ҶεұϣâȻѪһҶΧʮɵķΧȫӳʺɫ
Ҷһұһȭʱеĺâһȫӿ˶죬ת˲䣬Щâͱ棬浱УһзСͷͷϹЮһĻߣ˻˹
һҧȻʩչԼǿľѧеҶεĴҪĹͷŻʩչ
ɲǼ䣬ϹðҶĻȫסȫɵˣ
Ҷβ˶죬ЦȻܹҵĹȫɵ磬ҲûеڶˡҾʹóľһǺܴİɣҿ㻹ʹǧ
ҶЦеҶε˫âȻʢһڰоĶһ˹ȥ
ϵļ̣а߶೤һֱĸо
𣡶һŭ˫ֲϼᷨӡܱߣȻܳһɫ磬ЩɫĻ磬Ȼ˲ͻ˻ңƮɢȥ
Ȼ˦־һƣţ
أء
һҶΧڶһĳĺâûһŤĺɫӣЩɫһŵ˼ޣҶҧ˹
ҶһЦȻһȭӳ׵â
ǡ
һױҶεֱŹ䣬Ҷλֱۻӳǰ䡣
ĿĹâȻûǧÿһȫƵĵɫâ
һױڰвÿһŽӴϣеĺɫӶʱŵâһŵ
Ҷη׵âݵһ˲䣬쾹Ȼתӣ
Ҷεٶȷǳ֮죬ۿžҪ׷˶졣Ȼ䣬ͼȻһһĨԼĴָ˲ҶεǰĸĿ͵Ľɫοܡ
ߣҶΣҲӦ֪ˣĸܣɶڰ֮ĹĺöܣһӾĸǺúɣҾͲˣ
ҶҪ׷϶죬ȴĸܸεסȥ·Ҷ֪ЩܣӵŰ壬ʱڣҪʹͨĹɶʱ޷ưܵķߵġ
뵽ҶΰԼȫ
ҶҲƹܣ֪ҪжҪľҪߵӡǡҶҪ׷϶죬ֻʹü˵ֶˡ
ࣵһҶΪģһɿֲʶɢ˳ȥͫײϷŴΪһ㵭İɫĲ
ʶʵʻ̬ľ̶ǿ֪ģ͵˵ҶεʶܹɾʵԵ״̬ˣ
֪ҶεʶѾǿһʲôĵز
ת˲䣬ҶεʶͳĸܵϡҶεʶ̼ҵ˿ƵӡǣҶβٿԼʶգۼͰĸϵʶӡǸĨˡ
ЩܾûʶٿأҲͶҶûκεвˣ
ҶǸһ嵽˽ǰһ֣ĸѾӰ
ֱԼ۾֪Ҷδõ˿ԸΪһôָǿҶôЩɽܸߵġ
ɶ׵һǣҶҪˡ첢ûżܣЦţȻͳһƣݺ飡
Ҷζٸв֪Ǹ֪ͨϢһơﻹбİţ
ţڶҶεͷʱһɽ˼ҵıըڱըһɭɭĶ¶˳
ӶڵУһͷɢ˱һױǳ˳
ҶΣ㲻ôɣ޹񰡡ӴӴӴвٵ񣬰ˣô˵Ҳиʮɣˣ򻹲һյʱҪըˣҪץӴ
ѾɵıԵͷЦҶΣҪĸ֮ʸһΪһ̸ɴ߲СڣҾ׼ĸ֮ʣôˣЩ׷Ұ
ſЦ϶Ȼâʢһת׵Уգ۾ʧˡ
һɿֲҶθ׽ˣ˵ûҪˣӶﵽԼĿġ
ֻǰԼһϰʵܹҪԼģż
ҶοϿصﷺһɿɬζνĴȱػܿҸͬܣ
ǣ£Ҷޱȼѵľ񰡡


1521 ֻ
ʱѾݲҶλ˼ʱˣӸоԽԽǿҵĴը¼Ӧ˵ģһյʱˡ
Ҷη£ȺзȥϰѰȺ˴ָС
ۿŵѾƵĹâҶεĽʮʱˡʱЧֶΣôԼʮͽʣ£
ֻ
ȻâɢʱҶη֣ԼոջתһСεʱ䣬ʱ򣬶ոߣȻʱǲеġ
ݲҶζˣڵ棬㹻ҶλӻġһأҶɵʩչֻ
ʩչֻʱҶעԼı仯͸ֵĸоǰʩչֻʱҶܹоԼʱһУڣ͸оԼûָоǾʲôڳԼĺһ
ϸһ۲죬ŷԼָϵôָ֣ԭҪ֪ҶοЯʮһֻ
Ҫ֪ЯͬķҶο׾ʹﵽǰһٶȣЯô壬ˣ˵Ǽֱ޷ɵ
Ϊģܹ⴩ȥδ˵Ʊػ𼫴ĻңֻصḶ́ʮ־Ȼġ
ҶӵдֻĳֶΣҲϸĿƣÿεĴԽֻأʱ߶ս淨򣬶ҪܵһСС˺ġ
һ˷һ˵ǴʮһԽֻˡ
ȻȹâɢҶη֣Լصʱ䣬Ȼûǰ٣ǶתǶʱ䡣
Ҷζʱоֽű淨򣬱˵ˣҲ档ҶεľֻѡһǰЩͳͳ£Լʩչֻ
һѡ񣬾ǶȫҪԼ֮ȫȥʩչһγֻأ
˭Ҳ֪ùеһʲôĳһǿ϶ģǾԼľҪʲôĶ֣һڵĶֻ֣׸
ҶţϺȻֳ˱֮ɫ̬Ȼеϲк֮£ԴȱΪᣬһԿɾֻ֮أ
ҶεıȣȻͬǧ̫һҫ۵ĹâҶεΧһֲĿռг֣һʱ䣬ʱ·ڵһ˸߲ʹâͨҶεǰ򿪡
ҶξһǿķӶţ˻
Ҷξ͸оԼڵ̵ͬĺˮһʧģҶоԼȫˣֱǾʣʶѪƤͳͳоˣ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶε˹⻪ɢһ̣ڣҶôڸոյʱ̡
ʱܶݣҶ֪ҪϴܣȻŶ󲼺ˣʲôˡ
ǣҶεޱȵĿ飬˵ǷˣҪվֱ嶼ǲܵˡͨһҶԵڵأҶûУֻźúţʲôҲùˡ
Ҷ֪ȥֻܵһУԭԭٴηҶͷݺҧһڡ
ҵʹҶεΪ֮һ񣬷дҶվ
ΧһУҶθп࣬ʱ֪ôָеųҲûãӭǵĻǱ׻ˣ
ҶôָңָȵҾȥˣŹЩ޹òãѵʮ飬Ҫװô
ǣһǸӣûΪҶζκεĸı䡣
ˣˣħҶεˣڵΨһѷøħĹƻˡˣȻ¶ħȷʵܹǱܵð
ħĻҶλΪ֮һ
ħĻǺеģܶţĴڣħ˵ܹ˦˦֮ΨֲھȻҪħôҶβе𾪣
濪ʼ⶯ˣҶ֪ģһһ󶴣漴췣ʯĹâ󣬵ʱ˭޷δˡ
ҶҪĻ֮ǰܹʮԼԴѡûôѡԼеЩһѡ
Ȼѡ˿ʼǾһߵڰɣ뵽Ҷ˵ħ飬ЩħɣҪľ
ħ鲻ҵϽЩħٻǸʩֶΣҶεǱܣ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷξ͸оԼĸڲϷǣŭԭʼͳͳԼԺС
ЩԺֻѵĸоϾʧˡ
Ҷһŭ̼Ͱεض𣬷ա
Ҷɵһɲǣըڶһ췣ʯâҶοɹĵطһĴ


1522 ޷
һصѣһλҪأΪزѣҪǣҶθо˻ĸо
ħǱܣûǲС
⻹ǽϵģħӰҪϵģ֪ʲôӰ죡
ǼʿռУû̫Ӱ죬ҶܹдһС
ȻҶθоԼԴԴϲӦĽҶξϲǣεĽУ⣬ܾ֮Ȼռаٷ֮һķ
Ǵûйǰ⽱ʱ򣬲ܣܹŲǧ֮һ֮ܡֱӲٷ֮һֱ֮ܵҶξϲ
ңβޱȵѸͿݣ֮֮ܺ⣬ΧǼʿռ䷢˼ԾǨͺǺȻըһ㣬뵵ռ䣬Ȼڶ̶̰ٸʱҶȫʮȫȫ
ҶεʶУȻһĵİ㣬㣬ͺҹ貵Ⱥ΢һһҡҷĹâһͻɢָо
Ȼ΢ܣ֮ܣ޷ڸĹâͬʱҶθоԼұϺȻһɻȵĸоһһĶϱҪԼұһԡ
ûгãϱϾͻָԭӡ
ҶޱɻʱħȻЦϲˣϲˣȻܹ޳
ƣҶԳһæʵħ飬ô£ʲô޳
ħ֮ⶫһʮȻͨΪãȴԼĶ֮޳ܹκε޸ģӶܹﵽһþеһ̵ڡ
ħĽͣ޳УҲֻһϵĲ²⣬ΪܵǷ֣еʱƶܹ飬ȴ˲ƾͱתˡǶôϽܵļ㣬Լܻһƫ
ϸµоŷôһ޵ܹ޸ķȥľ޴
ع鵽޳仰ϣеĴھͻȻʣܹӰ쵽еĴڣΪ˱֤޶ȵƽԣɭϵĵȼƶϣһЩԺͲȷԡ
յȼƵĻ֣ô͵ȼĴ˸ߵȼĴھֻǸǱɱһ;
չȥͻɸߵȼĴ¢ڵλ档Ϊǿ԰ѶԼвĴȫĨɱܹ֤Լλλá
Ϊ˴¢ϵо޳ܹ޸أʹòʲôĶλսڵȼƵĴ󱳾£һĸʡҲ˵˸ֹϸ֮⣬¼ҲӰ쵽ߵȼԵ͵ȼľͳΡ
УоߺȻ֣¼ڸȻߣھԵȷʵ٣кܶ໹ǸıĴ¼
ߵȼڵ͵ȼɱŰٷ֮ʮŵľɱʣʣµǰٷ֮һĴûʲôΪֻҪԽսɹͻΪµĶʵٮٮߣ
о޳Ĵ϶пı߲λֵһΪεķʽ
ħɣⶫڿѰٰ
ˣ޳ܸ֮Ķ˵ⶫŹ޳ǣӵֵ֮ܵʱܹ޸û֮ߵ˵ġⶫ͵ǰװ׶һ
Ҷνǳɵˣ޳ʱɵⶫпӵΪʱɵ˵ĺôһɵˣ
ħҶνͣʵϣ˵ģȴǹƽġÿһλĴڣǾļǰһŻ켣Ǹλõġ
Ĵ߶£кܶĶ޿ɱġͱ˵Ҷħÿһڽһľ֪ǶδĳԶչаٺһġǣΣѵʱЩħھǱһ¥Ŀܡ
޳һĪпܻӵߵõ벻Ҳпܰﵹæ
ֵ޸ķʵ϶ȼƶȵһֵ߸ȼƶȹȻҪάȶҲҪʱʱʵѪҺ
ûһƶģֻͨȶдķչһЩȶƽ״̬;޳Ȼģȴκδ޷ܵġ
˰죬ҶǸôˡô˵޳˰װ׶⻹Ǻοġ
æ˰죬ҶҲЩƣˣҪҸطЩųȻԶһҵıը
ΧĿռ䶼죬ҶαҳβȣҪų֪Ʈʲôطȥ
Ӧ򳹵ױըˣΪֻصԵʣҶβŸܵһըĿֲ
˳ҶλоԼڵЩ֮ҡ


1523 ôּ
Ҷ֪ڲǿұը֮֮ǿӰ쵽ԼҪϽط
뵽ҶҲ˲飬Ҳʲô֮ǳСķӴܡ
ȻоΧмϢڹҶʱ񾭿Ǹ߶еģоϢϾ󷨰Լ
غ֮ҶǼϢ˹ȥ
⼸ϢаԶҶͣҶڵʵϣȫ⵽Էһһ
һ˱Թôģ򶼱ըˣȥʲôʲôӶʣ£ɱʱǶ˻ң
һϳѻ죡ôģûʲôؾɨˣ֪˺úʰһ٣
ܹĸˣ˵ͷͷһʮӡ

ҶζСɫҲ׷ˣֱӾͷԷļ䡣
쿴֮ҶѾȫˡը¼ǲ֪ģǶԼġ
ըǿҳ϶Ҳ׽쳹飬ʱ򣬶ÿԽųĽڣ˹ôһ
ҶĸǣȻڲԶЭͳһָӡ
Ҷһ¾ðմɱ죬ĸ˵ؼȫĨֱƵըС
ȻҶʩչ仯һ˵ģ˵ļ䣬ڵλ÷ȥ
ʮλָԼ¹۲Χô˵ը¼ڶ˵һ¡ΪĶ죬θ¼ֵܳĺ
ôģ˭ǻòӣһޱص̬
Ҳ٣һ֮ڡԱΧӴĿռ䣬һҲǲ׺һˡ
Ҷηɿ쿿λãûǰ˴ȵͣ£֪ôڴˣôΣĲֵģǽ˭ôܽԼµģ
ӦǶˣһ˵ˣĹٶͶ
ҶҲƽϣ˵ˣֵĸĵط쳣ֵܶˣʣһϽ
һҲҵϽҶȥ졣
Ҫ֣Ҳһ£Ҷô㣬ҲϣЩŻŵĸоһҪ֣켸һоǲǷҶεټ
Ҷαʩˣھݴﴦش֡СѲӣȻһӰķٷǰҪȴԷһ־ΪԶԲܹѡ
͸оԼķ·ɤۣһΣЩˡӳһӰҶλ˭
ϾһϾ۾Ź⿴ҶΣһ־ɱԶҲӶԷĶְɣ
ҶζʣӦԵ˵شˣʱҲΪԼҪˣ˺˼ΪصˣѾ˵ңȴˣԲŻᱻѡ
öˣ뷨ҶǱɵġҶξȻӳˣըҶλûˣǻˣ
ҶˣöɱһҪҶ˵ʱɵȻĸܹ֮츲ذ
뵽ݿɿ߱ıը¼˿Ϊ֮ġˣϳҵˣɱֻۣҪܹõһʬ֫ģһ򣡡
Ǿ޽еȫѪڣһѷ˳ȥֻϣԼҵ˿еǸˣһܻ֫ȡһҲ̫˰ɡ
쿴ԶüͷǷĸоǿˡȻоˡ
Χ˲඼ȥˣʣһһǰǸͨ籨ŵС
ô˵ȻһȫˣԱɱһʱֻҪԲԣʲôˡ
ߣҶΣû뵽ôּˡһСңʧݰôţǾһ㱨㻹Űɣ˵
Ҷμʶˣָ˱ӣЦȻˣҪġ
ŶҶΣǺŰһ£ܹɱңƾӳôҶΣҼǰúܸˣɻʧˣҵǶɱҸо̫˰ɣ


1524 
һʱ䣬۱¶ɣ˵ƣ·һ˲ΡһȻƱ鲼һ˫۾纮һҶΡ
ҶΣѡʱҲǳ䲻⡣ӦǳҲѵֶΰѾûˡҵ˲ԶǵĴܰЩģѵܹڶʱɱô
˵ţҶγ֣췴ȳ֡
죡һȭӳĺֱ籡ŨŨĺУһＸʮɵĺɫ¶ֻһ죬гŴСһҶ˹
˭֪ҶξۿһУҲҲԶĹзƺĹҶζԾһþһ
ǰţȴ˲ԼĹǷǳɱģҶξȻڳӵ̬ȣѵ̣
ộУҲ˲õ˺ҶţҲˣѵԷӲĹ
ʯ֮䣬ĴѾҶεǰۿžҪҶθ̵ˣʱҶε΢΢һƺǺᵯһָ
һָҶεȣһƽâҶεָϷɳٵƿļ£գۼ͵˶ظ֮䡣
һ˲䣬Ҷζ˹棬ܿ˹ľ죬ҶεǱӴɨС
ʱҶߵķһ˳ȥȽ϶ԣȥҪãһû˱ķӦ
첢ûвٿعҶΣʮ˻
ҶΣ湻úܵģȻƴԼܵش˺ʱ֣ѵܾ˾ԤıõôŷŭЩ˼ʵ
û뵽ĹȻôĿֲҶεĿǴﵽˣҶѪĽģⶼӲˣôָܿͿԸԭ
Ǳߣűûô仯ʵȴǱһָ˶תҪĽڵ㡣˲˵ҵյ˼谭Ҷθղڶ칥ʱûвȡʩҲڹ۲Ľڵ㣡
Ҷһҧָʩչָֻԭӡ
ٺ٣ҶΣĴνǻٳڹؼʱܹӳصص㣬תѾذܵľơĴѵΪӵҾǰ޲ô
ϸֳһɿȵɫȻ䣬͵һԼؿڣͻüѪɫʯ԰Ƭ̣Ͼͻָ˺
ԻΪԾ·ΪʤҶû뵽ɣңҪҿҵĻϼˣϾͿԻָˡԽ붼벻ģ
Χһ壬Ҳĵһ
ҶΣҵаɣ˵ţȫһϣƺ˶Ц
ݣһȻȫɢڰһһҶȫΧġ
һȻâʢһҫźâУҶγ
ҶβҵϽԼΧ˺תǽǣЩǽûγЧķͱһķиĽ䣡
ҶΣ㻹ʡʡɣԪؼܻסҵġҵɵĹУΣǵסģڻпϻָ֪ĴûЧ
ڶĿЦУһǰҶΡҶ˴ģĹ©ĵط
ͼҶεѾ廯ɵķи˺üӡҶôǿ壬Ҳ֮
ָҶŭ𣬶ʱӲӽסҶε壬˼Ҷε壬Ͼͱָָˡ
ĻָҶΣǲֶ֪ܼãҵмֵ󣬻ĻָܹŵҲеʱ򡣡ŵ٩Ŀ˵һ֮ϼӿ˶Ҷεĳ
õĴɱû뵽ȻݱĶԺĴƴҶһĶܺãû뵽ӵеô̬ۣҪ˵ɱˣǰǰľѡ


1525 
뵽ҶȻѴָƴ屻ն˼ʮ£˻

ɲǼ䣬Щɶ廯ɵķоҶμұĹâѸʧЯ
챻ıʸһϽȥǣ췢֣ҪȫѾǲܵˣΪҶβṵ̂ģежȥǾͰһ֣ԼʮĴȥԸһ֡
һҧԼҶδâס壬Ȼء
һʧ൱أǰ嶼ûˡȻܹͨԭǱȴǺٸԭˡ
޺޿ҶһۣתȥҶڴԼסĶ壬Ҳûȥ׷ˣԾ̤̤ʵʵЩĲ峹ոɾ
Χѽ˲ٵϢˣҶ֪Ƕ¿ʼˡҶҲЩôһǡ
ôָУҶͷųʮһ˵ͲʲôЩҶλرˣԼңʼĥսеı֣Ҫҳ칦ص
˭֪ƽû졣һգĻԹҵҶΣ˵ʹߣҪҶΡ
Ҷ֪ʮҪ飬ĻҲ֣ԹԼ뵽㣬ҶҲûʲôĻ˳Ժĸ߼
ȥʱƷ裬һŲվһҶΣϾͱȭֵҶϣһһᡣ
ϹһϵжУҶοһǳεӡǣӡģھϹʱ¶һͼ
ٿˣʡͶһȻƣǶ㹧ҲǴһɾþӸλʡ
ҶεЦֵ֪ôƺǣҶĳûԶӭҪְ
ˬЦҶ̧̫ˣҶϵݣܹ£Ѿˣô˵˿Ļ죬Ҷ϶ָ㡣
ҶЦһ££Լ˵ԭֵֵܰܵĻǰİɣ
ҶεԼĳҲþȣΪЩôı䣬Ҳ޷ĨԼϵӡǡ
֪ҶοݺƸĴڣ˽˵ճΪֹҲǺġ
ǣЦ˵ҶλĿ磬һȻǲͬ찡ֹһݲ£Ҳܹҫ˰ɡ
Ҷο죬Ȼ˵ҪΪҷǻһݲ£ǿ֮Уûʲôֵܹ˰ɣ
챾ٴκһڲ裬ȴҶΰ˵񣬴֮豭ŵߣҲ֪úȲ軹ǸðѲ豭¡
ΣɫذѲ豭£ĶҶ˵ҶϣôǸҰģ
ҶεЦǳһԼʶһԼŻȻԼǸǣҲܹʹõġ˻֮⣬ֻоȨֱӣ˲ܹʹá
ȨѬ࣬ҲȨʹı־찵ԾԼѾСĵˣر־û뵽ǱҶηˡ
ҶμЩţЦֲƶȺ͹淶İ䲼ߺάߣҲڹϽ֮ڣԣҲӦĵӵġ
Щɫһ㣬ȻȻ۾ƲɨĻһۡĻ֪Ҫ飬ϣ߿˼㿴ҶΡҶ΢΢ͷĻ±˳ȥ˳ҲѻΧõָˡ
Ļ߿ϻһȻӣղŻеôһΨΨŵŵѾʧˡ
ҶϣȻһۿҵݣҲʵˡҵǴŻʹġǱߣоҶǸ˲ţŸЩ顣
ѾԵı仯ˣû˸ղźƵζȻͱˣеǿƵζ
Ҷ֪ΪԷǿƹˣҲ⣬ϾǸ߸ϵģó̬ȸԼ˵Ѿǹӵˡ
飬ҶδǲԸǿƵһġΪĳ˵ǻãﵽһͬĿġԷƣԼȻͲԿԷǿƵһĻڷʱҪôܶԷҪôͷ
ǶڻңҶαܴĵ￹ܶԷ⵹˵ҶζԻжĳɼΪҶ֪ΪȹȨõĻңʲôܹġ
Ŀ⵹ޱУ֣ҶζķӦǳ䵭ƺһСڸһ̼ҽ̻̼ȴǰһ


1526 ҷ֮
ı֣Ϊ
˵ڻЩʽ΢һҲڻǰκεĲ첢һˣоԼǴģ飬ҶξǿڻҵķϣҲӦñֳӦе鰡
Ҷϣ˵£ҵĹֺҲô°ϾǼˣеĲ죬ôҲֱֱȥйһֺתĻ
Ҷεҵ뿴ҪҺжĳ⡣
ɲҶο񣬶̽Էһ̬ȡگʼҶξиоʮ΢ı仯
һһֱǰѳеڴϣһִо͹ˡҾȻˣһźţ˵ڶԴǣڶԴ˵ϣ˺ܴķ硣
ĻңʱžȨһСѾγɵľ޴һǰҪջԼȨǶôѰ
߼˼άȥҪѰһǿԮ֣˳µ顣Ҷţһ޼ɵʱĻң껾ˣһ˫е۾۲һܹΪҷ
磬һƺѾ޵˵ġͨеȨһֵǼʴ鲼磬˵ÿһԺյļ屳󣬶ԼԼһӰӡ
˴Щ漣ıһܹǾҶΡ
ܹһ˵ֵģܹĺģҲҶˡ
ЩֻҪϹӣȻ֪ġҶţҲΪһ㣬ҲŻԼ
ʵôпᣬ˼㣬һеһУΪʵֻоԵʵˣ˼ҲŻ󣬲Żмӡ
ҶڵȷҪԮ֣ǣϣҶҪһٸСġ
ҶµľԲʱ򣬻пԼ
ⲻҶ뵱ȻĽʷѪܵĽѵڶǰˣתְԼһǺʵģŻжߵĵˮ׼Ǿͺñĸ
ҶҪʵ˽⵽ҵĳ⣬ԼΣʱֳǻۡЦǿɾۼͷԼ֫çײɽ
ԣҶǰֵ⣬ĮģǳԼΪҵĴ⣬ǻϴϴ˯ɣԼԶ죬ҲԼһһĶѡ
ЩˣҶεıЩˣҪ֪ĿĻҰʲô̬ǫ͵ва
컹ǰѻѹʱʵ۵лҪѽĻ˵ꡣ
ҶϣҶĸ۷ǳ֮ߣǱ£ֱͰҶϺΪˡڶԴ˵ϣȷʵʧʣҶϵĴһ̶߳ϲһۣ磬ʵ۱¸޲ڰ
챾׼һ׿µ˵ʣ˭˶Ѫڵġ͵͵۲֮£ҶξȻ۾ţҪ˯һ
ҶϣЩңҶƵ٣»ʵ۱ҶϵιְףҶϾôǿѹԼĲ˵˴Ŀġ
Ҷ˫۶Ȼ죬˵һ仰֣ʵ۱¿ǿˡҷ֮ţҪǿѼϼܵĻֻЦ󷽡ԣظʵ۱£ҶĳҪʵ۱µĺˡ
һϱˣ˵ҶˣǶҲؾܾʵ۵˼
ҶϣһȨѬ죬ѳֳѾβ󲻵֮ơ˼ܵһȺǳһֱʡѵҶΪܹƵٴηôһƽԼеŭ
ҶεЦа֮ߣС֮ǰҲǲ۵Сûʱȥڲ顣Ϊ֦ǲҲԸҲЯ̩ɽ籱ǲԸҲҲǸû¡
˵ˣ컹ǲģҶ˵Ҷϣ³ɵĻҾԲ˵ġʱ彫ҶλΪǼʵһȺңҲ۹λ˳֮ġ
Ҷüëû̧һ£Ȼǵ˵ʹˣѾԼ̬ˣЩҲ͡תʵ۱£֮Ҷܱȵģ׾ӶԶСˣڻǧķչƣ
仰˵˿飬ͺ쾭һ


1527 곯
ȻһҲ÷ϾҶ̸˵ġ
ۿʱ䲻磬ҶĻ½סУһҪúд졣
ϣҶϾͰѳԺ˻ټһ
ҶɫذԼ̸һ飬ôҶ̽һ£ôӦ
˶һһľްһĴڣȻ춯ĿɶǾӢ֪һȨֶһʲôľ档
ҸԳԼĹ۵㣬۵òɿ˭Ҳ˵˭Ļ᳡ϣʣҶλлû˵ˡ
ˣҾͶ۹ͶҶκͻ𲮵ϡ
һ˵ϣ˵öе޷Լжϡƶˣİɡ
Ҷγһ˵Ҫ׼Ҫ㹻ĳǻ۵ĻֶԸ졣ҪûⷽļҪĴ㡣ĵһһ˾ԵȨȻʹɱֵġ
𲮵ͷλҾôϵľǷǳӢġҪѣҪǿ׵ѣֻǰԼ뵽ΣվСʲô飬Լûģִ֧ϵľϡ
Ż𲮵ĵһ̬ĳҲ׷ױʾͰҶεľȥ
˾ϣǱǵҹʹǱҶΣϻȥˡҶαŸ콻̽һӳûϷˡ
ҶζԴ˵ûʧĸоĻңͨԼһǿҵźţǾҪԸ졣
ǣްһĴڣôöԸģ֮ĲģʵϾ´ϴơóȻȥ㲻ðǶܸȥ
ҶҲţĻʵҪȥˣǻͨϵԼġ
Ҷûϵǣһ֮졣ߵĵǽӵر䷢گһȵʱ䵽ˡ
ʵ껾յ˼죬ҪԴŹƷݻʵۡûģĳֻҪɳ¸صʹ߾ˣֻǧ꼶ĴͳϣŻøȥݻʵۡ
Ҷף껾ڸԼᣬܹһ档ҲԼ棬ܹ˵ҪĻ
صĻ⣬Ѿγ˾飬Ҳûʲô̸ˣҶչ׼ƷԼһ
ڵĸ緶Χû֮һΪڸϣķ쳣ǿ
ҶʵʵŶӵĳŶӣҲûа취飬еҪĽƣ˭ڳϵأ
ǵҶô
Ҷ˳ȥʿһӵеװΣԵߵװΣӦǻҵֱװ
ŶλֵܣҶΣʲôָ̰ҶκͰʵ
Ҷϣʵ۱ּҶϵʱҪԱһչŴҶϣ룡
˵ţʿҶ߳Ŷӵĳ潵Աͨһ£ϰǵĳ
ʿԵú飬ҶͨԼ½ʼӵĳԱ
һգҶβɵһЦʵ֪ôǲʲôϵ
һ˵ԭʶͳ찡ǵĳ٣֮䲢ûѪԵϵȴʤֵܡ
ҶЦСֵܣҲǾˣ֮飬ûѪԵҲʤֵܰ
ЦҶϣ˵ĺеǳ֮֮⣬ǻǹ¶ɻʵ۱´࣬ǣȻٰǱӣһڷԡ
ҶβɵһĻǾͿ˵Ļʵ껾ԼĴ㣬ͼ׳־γˡеУԼ˲ѵģҲʱġ
껾ܹ̣˵ԷǸĵҶλе㲻ţʳԼʣǺǣСֵܣЩ˰ɣʵ۱¿ӹڵģôЩ¶£һأ
ЦҶϣ֪ˡʵ۱ȻܳлҳԱⰡگ£սɳŹ£ڵ׻ڵģͷ޶ĸ˫ײڵģȻѵɻӡ
ҶγˣһֿνɣǶ֪Ҳ˵ʲôʵ۱ԹսߵŹ£κ˶˵ʲôġ
һʯ񣬼Ȳȡ˺õܹ˲ų


1528 
Ҷζ껾ӡеĹˣ룬ⲻһµˡ
;֮ϣΪ˷нĵ·дССվʮĶʱһվн
Ȼбǽһ·ǰУضĵصŻϢȻվжһ˵չ˸ŴóԺúȺϢǹд
·ߣȻҪһЩõд;֮ϻܿķ飬Ҳį
һգۿǰԽԽҶЦʵǲǰҪˣҿΧȺԽԽడ
ɫȻЩҶϣǵģǰʮĵܶˡͻרŵ˾ԱӦˣҲͺֱˡ
ҶЦڴ֪ڡǻмʱ䡣ˣҽһ£ǰĳΪʲôܶǰѵܶʼ˼ô
Ҷ⣬̼˷ǰҶϣܶǵƣΪġ˵ԭõĵط˭Ҳû뵽ｨСﶨӣϵ۶ȥˡǻصｨǡ
ԾͱܶǲǣҶθŴȤ
԰˭˵ûдеĳڵ۶ˣȴֻȽϰͻصеƣҲЩԳ˼
˵˵ţȻҶι˵ҶϣѾ˹ٵһ·ˣǰһվҲˣء
Ҷ⻰Щԣ˼û˵ԭҲʵ̫ֻøָ
ǽĶ飬Ҷ߽һվȻһӴǷװž˵˾Աˣǲ֪˵Ĳʲô˼
ţ˿ҶһˣһͷļһֵָҶκȵιһĶģʲôƷϽǼһ¡
ôŵ̬ȣҶβüͷݺһ£Ҳûʲôüƽϵģϸһʶ
뵽Ҷһ֣ȥеǼǡ˭֪ǸͷļһﾹȻֱҶȥ˸ƿбüߵҶεǰ
СӣͦİһɣҲһɣ֪Ĺô֮ԵǼᣬ򣬾ͱǰһСӣ֪˰¸ôɣ㲻ض˰ɣ
Ҷβ㱻ˣҲ˵ԭɡǻӵĳԱ˭øӡǴͷļһҲֲùӳԡ
˾ӦһѳֵҲ˼Ҵ󷢺ƵĺûᣬƻʵҲֻ֪治òӡ
ȻҶηڲԶͨϣһӰһţҶо쵽ӦעԼһ۵ʱϾͶ
ûҶףͷļһﲻͷ˵Сӣβ˵ôˣǲأ͸ϽҶһȥүǿæúܰ
Ҷ˫Ŀ磬ݺݶס˷ͷ۾ҶεĴ΢΢ʩչԼɱĸоͨ񣬴ݵ˶Էʶ
ʱͷļһ͸оһ˶̱ڵأĿͣͺȻɵһ
ԱߵͬۿŲԣϽʹҡһ˵֡
ͷļһȻҶ¶˾ֵ񣺡ˣɱˣɱˣһһߺţһһ˳ȥƾͬôûá
һһҶεǰһȵҶΣôˣ
˵ӰҶһеȫһֵ۹⿴ҶΡ
ҶεЦʵ۱ԵҪˣôǻΪô
Ǹ곤һüͷ˵ȻǣֻߵﶼҪǼᣬԱڵ۶ӴҶѵԴʲôô
Ǻǣҡѵ˾ˣôѵԶ˾ȥôҶκ˵
Ȼһ𣺡Ҳ̫ˣȻôԴǰˣ棡£
Щͷ߿ˣҶ˳һһյŮ
ŮȻһЦҶãҽӭ㡣
ҶȷǸղŰ͵ˡҲڰ뿴ԼôӦЩˡ
൱ɴ࣬˸ҶεǼᣬָɳרŵԱǳĶ飬ԼǴҶΣֱӱ˵۶
һ·ϣҲҶζ˵·Ǹ࣬ͺмһ·ϸûκεͣһֱ˵۶ŷ˽Ų
ҶοЦôŰҪʲô
ЦȻǴȥҸˣҡ˵ţҶξʳǵķȥ


1529 εĻʵ
ʳ˲Ȧӣ֮ҶһµԺ䣬дšԷ֡
Ժ󣬿ͲǻʼУһͨԺ䡣
֮ҶȴǾǰһԭıж졣
۱ܹһƵĴɽɽ֮һɫٲ£¡¡ˮڵסһС
ٲ֮һˮ̶ʯ̾͵İһµСͤӣԲʯȫֻǿһңһĨӼ򵥡
ʱСͤһλۼҲ²Ļʵ껾
ҶΣˡ
дЩϵ껾ˡ
ݼʣ
껾΢΢ͷ°ɣġ
õĳĬ˷·붨һؿٲûһ˵ȿڡ
ҶοʼطΪʲôҪһٲɿſͲͷĵطˡٲǴн
ٲڵɽɽˮˮɽ̺֮ŵʮֳ棬һɲɣУ·Ǵꡣ
ɽΪɽġֻҪɽ˱㲻κ⣬ܹõĴȥ껾רŸҶνһ㣬˵
ҶγĬ˫۽ضɽоЩͬû뵽ɽͷȻ󣬾ȻνĴһ㣬ű˵á
ҶΣ㿴ɽǷ껾ԴһᣬҶΣӢϴЩЦݡ
ЦݣҶֻƺϢָߣһʱ䵹֪οˡ
껾΢΢ҡͷڰ֣˵лֱ˵УҪ֮ݡʳ˶꣬ѾЩˡҲûʲôһǰܹң
٣һе˼
ҶֺˣȻָоһݲĻʵۣһʲô˵Ļ˿϶лΪѣֿѡ
ҶĿתɽϵɽȴ֮Щĺۼ
˵껾˫˲ˣȻܿɻǱҶθץסˡ
ˮʣӦɽĻܽˡɽĹĻǾڸǣЩҪıˡ

껾Ȼվ쳤ЦþδͣЪ
޹Ȼûпˣ壬Ȼ˲űĵطЩ걻˴˲ٵ·ɸԴϵĶûб仯ÿһʱ䣬һ껾ЦǺǵ˵˸ǻۣרڻҵĹâĹͬѧϰĶͬ
ʵ۹ˣҶβǷһ޷ˡҶβ
ص˵ͷ껾ȻҶεļ˵ҶΣԼ۹⣬һı
ʵأл顣Ҷβ䲻ȵ˵ôһ仰Ȼƨ˶ף˵ʵ
ǧ飬ȴֻڻʳǰ껾̾ϢһҶεǰûʲô
Ҷα۾ǧ˼Ȼʵȱٵһһܹնǧ谭ı
ҶΣԸΪ𣿡껾ȻתͷĿϬͬһ
壬һֱһǰ˫н
˫н
껾ЩؿҶΣʵΪʲ˫н
崫оԶ˥ÿﵽ۷ʱ򣬱ش֣Ӷ͹ԷҶε˵ʵ
ǿӹɵģһֱûѣֱӶ˻λĸԸһѻָɱ
ɽأ
ÿһʱ䣬򳤻̣ǻһѽ壬֮ǰԶҲͲ˵ˣأ屻һִѹߵԭ̫ࡣԭ򣬻ǿᣬǿ
һ̫ǿƣͬʱҲһֱΪ㲻֪ʲôʱͻᱻɸӡ
ܸİࡣ껾Ĭãٴοڡ
Ҫ˸ֻ̫࣬øҶƽ˵Ƕøָı󣬻һָѪծѪ
Ĭٴν٣껾һ˫ӽҶΣϵıͬɽⶳһû˿仯
֮˾ͬʱЦˡ
껾ͷ˵ҶΣûʧ
ʵҲͬóܳԾɽԽԽȹ̵ġȻҪȰЩʶȥҶЦе˵˾ǴһرԼ̬ȡ
껾һ֣ͤʯ֮ϳһ׹ӵĲߣžȻԿʼˮݲˡ
ʤңû뵽ܹȵʵݵɲ衣Ҷ΢΢ʩ񣬸еػҪġ
˭룬껾һЦˣװˣһˡ


1530 
⻰һҶװȥˣ΢΢ҡͷЦǺǵ˵ʵˡ
ҶΣ˵ʵҷǳ㣬ҪȻҲȽд㡣ǺǣҪ֪ôΨһһ껾ЦеģʮϣҶȴǲôһ¶
лʵ̧ӲмҶβ䲻ȵػôһ䣬Ϊʵǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ǳ΢˵ǴΣ껾ɫһ˵˹ҴϣҲЦ档
ѵ¼Ҫѱ䣿Ҷüͷһôһ仰
ڶ飬㻹Ҫ֪̫࣬Ҳ㣬Ҳ޷ȷǲġģǶǼ˵Ҳû̫ĺô
ʵ۲öǣֻҪ߳ҪȥͿˡҶεͷ껾û˵ʲôȴҲҵơ
죬Ҫ¼壬ҲҪ˳𣡡껾ƽޱȣȴǴһŨҷǳɱ
ҶεͷһˣɱǶ¼壬ûôװɡܹţıǿĴڣ֪ʵǷ׼ˡ
Ȼɱ¼岻ó껾˳ҶεĻ˵ŻһתȻصʵһ޷ʹõģɱһˣͲֵó֡ԣҪǳ򵥣ǽնɱĶ¼壬ɻͺá
ֻҪʰһ죿
¿ͦ׵İҶξ⼸֮ΪȻԸһȻЩ鷳ܹġ
ᾡɱҶɭȻ껾ڣһҪĨɱ졣
Ψһͬǣնɱ֮󣬲õķӦˣ϶һɣȻٸһ
ǻִȨ˾ʹõȻµϴ񣬵ǷȻǼΪЧ
Ҷ̬껾ǳ⣬ͷԸҶһ裬˵ģӢۣΪ࣬ҲΪĳ壬ָĻԻ͡
ʵ۵Ľ̫ˣҶβҪκηֻͣҪڹͺá֮Ҷλ뿪ѰĴҶƽ˵ȨʲôûȤôΪľǽ塣
ֻҪ尲ˣҪȥ飬ϵϵһ¥
Ϊ޵ķͲֻҪ㿪ڣܹһ㣡껾üͷ壬Ϊʼ֮˴Сͼ̫Ե̰ɲҶβͼ
Ҷε϶ˣҶһĶ֮ϣҪΪѣҿ¶ڳôĶ
øһҪ㣬޷껾ɫһ壬ҪҶθ˵ʲô
ҶԴտ˵ðɣǾʵ۸һϣԶܵĶ󡣡
û⣡껾һӣȻʵ۵ݶҪˣֵľĺӡ
Ҷβһڲˮ˳֪Լǹǰһء
껾Ӻ˼һΪ֮˵ĳǸһִһ޷εĺˬ
˺ܾᣬҶܾһۣΪԷڣ˵СأһʲôʧǾǸ鷳
лʵ۶䣬彫ΪԶʵӣҶص˵˵һ㡣
껾ͷҶεıַǳ⡣ҶڵΪԶȴûбְֳֵԼԻĲм
Ҫ֪껾ǼҶΣֱӶ֣ȫԽ껾նɱȻ֪뿪նɱʵ֮ĺ˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳء
򵥵㣬ɱֱ֮ѱ䣬֮˺ɱ尲Σ鷳㣬ֱϹϵȽϽ壬ȡȨΪͳ
ȻЩ˵˵ҪҶȥ϶ǲġɲ磬һ졣
Ҫǣ徭ôĥѣѾˣҪһ԰ȵĻػָԭĹʡ
ãֻҪҶڣһж⡣һ飬㲻ҪˡݻЩģ޷κεְλȻ㣬֮ͬǰһ㣬ֻǡ˵ʵֱӳһöӡҪˣԴϲɣս֮У
껾˰֮󣬲ſ˵ôһЩ˵ĺֱӣû˿
ҶοЦһ޳˭޷ΪһӰ


1531 ǿĶ¼
˵Ĳܱô⣬㣬ޣʵǶһӣִֻ˲ͬˡ
껾˵֮󣬳̾ϢһƺǶ˵Ρ
и⣬֪죬δҶһ⻰ﻹҼ뽻ȥ˵ȥ㲻û鷳ġ
˵֮ǰǿ̸ġ
Ҷβؿ껾ʲô飿
һҪ󡣡껾Ȼ۹˸ĻҶβ⡣
¾ܿڣӱȻ
һԼԷ̸ʱҶ֪껾֮ǺĹϵԷӦòǿԼʲô
ôʽʵҲһ˰껾ȻЦе˵˵ĻȴҶе㡣
ҶεԺȻðһŮӵģ
ǡ
ӦѾ˰ɣҵĻǺǣܹÿǹûġϾôǵһܹһ޲ڵˡ껾Ҷεе㲻һˣ˵ĻǽҶθòסˡ
أֹϵҶΣͻĹϵ
Ҷпɬѣȴʲô֣Ͼǣ˼һ棬Ҫܾ˼һʵ۵ţ
ô޵Ļûпϣ껾üͷһֱӱʡ
Ҷֱ֣վ񣬵ңò绨ʴӱ䲻ϣ
УЩģֻҪϲֻҪ㲻ˡõˮƽ޻ġֻҪϵģûܵõôһ˵껾һֱۣӽʵ۵ݼӸѵˡ
ֺȻת䣬ҶĲ֪ʲôӦˡ
ʵۻ˼Ҷĺµ˹ഺϾڵҶγϿҵ˵Ȼһ׹ݵݣǶ˵ǳ֮أ
Ҷǲܰȵһģ׷·Ҫߡ
˭룬껾ƺͿǵô˵ֱӰڰ֣˵Ϊýü޸𣿰˵ʵɣú۵ˣò˸㣬Ȼûһֱһǣܹõһ壬һ嶼Īĺô㻹Ǻúÿһ°ɡ
˵ˣҶθûʲôܾˡ
룬Ҷλǿ˵ʵۣһлǵʰ˶֮˵ɡȣҺڣ
ãܺãǳã޾֪ûп㣡껾ʱЦǸģǻʵ
ҶˣģҪľֻһ飬ǾɵЦɵЦ㹻õһֶҪ˵
Է˵ˣ껾֪ԼĿѾˣҶε̶ȴֱ߷֪ҶεĲǸӸԶĿ֮
һЩԶһЩϸ֮ͣͤһš
һƷζȣҶһڸпšǻ壬۹ӦʲôȱҪһ˲ʵײˡ
еڴˣ죬֪㻹ٶʲôأҶâ˸ڵսѪҺѾʼȼ
һŹ껾Ҷο˰Σſ˵Ϊ˱ʾ޵ĳ⣬һ㸣ɡ

ھиŻǺôడ
ҶֻǵһлҲȥ⸣ʲôΪû֣ôҲȥɡ
ˣ߰ɣҪ˵Ҫ̧ͷţòıһ°ɡطɲһܹȥġ껾ɨһҶΣ˵
Ȼ֮䣬Ҷζνĸ˲СȤȥݵĵطм
֪ҪıʲôģҶοʵ
껾ԴһԵһС̫ະСӹ
СЦعûֱӱ껾һˣһӣʧ
ܹĴָĵ̡Ҷΰ棬õĳָǸ⣬ʵһ־ǣ˵
껾ɫɣ°ͣ˵Сɣ͵һá
Ҷεͷ⻪һֱӱ仯ɡԼ壬Ҷ̲סҪһ±ߣ̫꣬డĳЩطûеġ
ɬЦЦҶθ껾ȥ
껾Ļ̫࣬ǵͶȽϴˣһƺǳҵ̫࣬һһ䣬Ǹڡ
ǰȥֱŻʹȥ


1532 ܵ
νܵأλڻʹٽʹһɽ
껾ͷҲأĿɽʹɽһصأ̫ܣһҪȥܵأֻɽ¡
һ᲻Ҫһ̽⣬װʲô֪ͺá껾ٴƮ
ҶӦһ껾ı߽һɽڡ
ɽڵʱҶξ͸оһǿʶɨһ飬ͷţ⵽ڡҺֶιãˮƽҲ࣬ûרŵ̽ʱǺѱֵġ
ܵͨĹâ谵ޱȣһعĸо
ҶκشΧûиʶȥ̽飬¶ʲôš
ܿ죬˵һǰŻ֪ʲôģľͷȴһֺظУ·ĳּΪصĽɵġ
껾һ̧֣һ͹ӣɢŵϢƱ˳ֱӷɵŻ֮ϣһͼΪһ塣
꣡
Ż򿪣껾Ҷο첽룬ŻٴιϣȻֱӽһжˡ
ˣԻָˣ\ľſԸһУǰĸˣҲô׾ƿġ껾³һ
Ҷλָԭò껾ʩһ񣬵лʵʹͣҶβм
ɣҴܵغġ껾
һɫʯͷԱߣ껾ָ˵һܵеʯΡֻҪϱߣܹ̺֮ܵŵΪȻʯܹһ˵Ǳȷжһ˿նȥɣվˡ
һӾȻ
Ҷʯ֮ϣ֮΢飬ûиоΣյĴڣ㿪ʼȥĴڡ
ܿ죬ЩͨʯοٵҶγǵ̰Ӿһ㣬Խӿ
ЩԶ뵽Ҷε֮УԾǣǳڶҪһܹɵյ
û̶ԶѰҶ֪̾Ϊʲô
껾ȻףǺһЦ˵̺ˣܲ𣿡
̺ˣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬껾ĴȷǹİΪʾҪҲһˡ
ϾҶֶζĺܣҪѡֳܹһЩҶϣİͬĶ˵㲻ûо޴ķ
üһȻô뷨ȻҾͲܿˡҶ۾һֱʩչֱӵķʽǿ

Ȼ䣬ܵڿԼٶȱҶ˽ȥγɵ籩껾ҡ
ˡ
ǿӹɣյ㣬ʱڱʯηЩ졣
껾ɫЩѿˣƽ̲ʯеѾˣʣµľҪӸشȡˡ
ɲǺ¶һҶյ̫࣬˵Ǿ޴ʧϾҶôҲǸ飬ǻҵһ
ĿҶθо泩ޱȣΪۿɼٶڿٵţʯе֮󣬴ӸԶŸӴٴݹ
һ򡭡
ٵţãҶε
ҪǷڱĵطȥô֮⣬ûжٷܹٵ
񵽱ˣҶаϲʶǺͨԴŸ̽ѰҶκܺ棬ʲôܹṩôӴ
ϵţҶεʶҲڲϵţܿ죬ҪﵽһޣҶεʶͻûʲô̽ˡ
ʱʶһ㡣
Ҷһæо̽飬ԼԼأǷ֮һǿϢ
оôһꣿҶΰǿϢһ˯꣬Կ϶ûֻһصķʽ˯š
ѵ˵ĳλǿߵ꣡
ͷһֱҶһæʶ˻յٶȽ
ĳλܵĻһյ̫࣬ŭԷҪ鷳ңϢֱ棬ԷʵԱҪǿĶ࣡
һǵĴڣ
ҶλعѾ˰ʶ̽ĹУվȻ˺ü
һԣ껾ɫѾڵһˣ仹һŭ
ðɣǾʮɡҶпЦʮ֮󣬱ͣ޷յ
Ҷ֮껾ЦЦ˵ô˶٣
ʮҶεһЦ껾ģʵˬ
ʮ򣡣껾еɵۡ


1533 ּȶ
Ӻܿ͵ˣһգȷǰΰ֮˾ĹԱǰʵ껾껾˵˾Ͼһ泯˽ΰ껾
ݶǰ껾ݽ˳ݣȻ껾һ£˾˸쵽ٰĵط
֪УҶǱҶδŹƷݣֱ˴ΰݹ󣬽Ʒݷϡ
껾ԸһɫЦҶϣһ·ˡŰɣȻһȥμʢ硣
˵ţ껾һָ껾ߵСϴ껾̨Ҷ쵽Ҵ׵һλϡ
Ҷŷ֣ұһŵУһλǿյġ껾аŰλã졣
һţ͵ҶκͶվһɫԱһ£ָֻƽİȴе˽ﲻѡ
ﵹûʲôı֣ԸокܶĲĸָԼ
һ磬껾νӴ˳ĸ֮󣬾֮ľ޴㳡Ͼеᡣ
껾ǳԶҶһȺ뵽᳡ʱһֻҶε֣ͺޱܵĸһֱС
λİϣҶξȻǽڶ죬껾λá
ƣ껾ؾʢǿʼˡҶκȻ֣ԶΪ׵һȺˣȻû˵ʲô̬֮䣬ѾֳŨŨĵжζ
鵽һҶηЩ껾ˣ룬껾ԼϲˣѻҺͶ¼ĳöԹˣһ껾ǳػġ
Ҫļһһ׼ֱǿ˲ġ
Ҷʱ򣬾ͼ껾վЦλң˴ôһʢ֮⣬һҪϢҪǾƿصֿԿˡ
еȫһΪҶ֪ԴҲΪԴҲܹʼձǿᣬһֱʢ˥
ԴһֱûеõҵʽϿɣҶϢȴʼ޷ĻԱõϿɡ
ڣ껾ǰ˵飬ôģѵԴңǼֱǳ˵ΰ
껾֮˴˵һΣҽģǻͬģϯҶΣ
һԾ
Ҷ֪Ǹ쳣յĵطֻҪ֮ͽԽȥֻֻлҳԱл򴫳еĽɲ˭˭еģΪѪԭ
һ˵ĻңӦԳԱΪʸ뵽ĻҳԱǼ縺ŽܴеʹһܴгɹǾڻãȨݶȻֱܣܹӰ쵽ʵ۰
ν򣬾ȻǸŮԻҳԱңһͬ룡
Ҷε껾ŵĿģԻҳԱôУǶĻλһвڶ컹ûб֮ǰֶһǿĶ֣ȻǰԼƽ
ͲͬˣôУʵôߣҲŮңҪ޳ȥģڻλûаֵв෴ģΪѪԵϵ᲻֡
©©
ʱ򣬶Щסˣ˵£ȥûʲô⡣ǣҶαϾˣͬȥЩװɡѡֱֵĸͬá
껾ûһۣ˵ҿܾ֣ΪʲôûҶγͬʵϣҶγϣͶϣҲԸȫˣҶѾˡ
׹һ㣬ȫˡҶǼģǽһƯǵ׵ãĺ£ǴŵҲҰ治֪ҶСôȵʺ˵ġ
Ҷû뵽껾Ȼڴ֮ͥϢһʱ䣬ҶıȨˣҲ֪Ǻˡ
ֱܾ϶ǲеġ껾Ѿƺˣ˵ѹɽһʱ׼ˡһѡ˴ֱܾǻʵʢŭ֮µһ˿ɾͳױˡ
Ѱѣ
ǲУֻҪǹ˽ûƵ£һƱػҶζΪҵ֧ߣͽⲻĳԹͻϼӳ
Ҳ˵ҶôܾҪԼ˱ƽͬ
ʵҲ껾һģԼһУҶεϡô껾ҶѾһϵƣ˭Ҳˡ
Ҷݣˡ


1534 ҹӢ
껾һֱ۹ۿҶε仯Ҷɫ˼䣬ȷʵ껾ֱֱ˺üΣҶɫȻ֪ǴˣջԼôѡġ
üͷȴǽ껾˵￪ʼ͸оЩû뵽Ź˶೤ʱ䣬ܹѾƵһ
ΧڣȨһơЩҲ޷ġ
ǻҵĿǵӲֹһҪȫȥȻʧְȨǿʱǻлȨڰп̽©ӣԲ˶ߡ
بĹɣ˭Ҳı䲻˵ġ
껾Ѷ쾫ʵıȫ˵ĳ졣һʼһõĿʼҲӽ쿪ʼеһжȫı䣬Ҫ̣һҪпͷġ
õĿ˵ڳɹһ룬죬Ƕ¼壬ӦóΪʷˡ
껾ãС΢΢һͷСᣬҴȥ
ʱһС̫ɵĺҶεǰأү¡
С̫ɲҶεΣֽʮҶĳȥȻװĻʼҲܴļҶλϡ
Ҷ˵ˣҲоڡ
껾һЦ漴ãһͬأͬͷ֮һ㡣õĻ³˰ߵĻǾٰ֮⣬˴еƷȫΪõļʡ
ֱʾǴþˣ껾ҲͶ룬ֻҪܹʵԼĿ꣬ʲôܻһʵԼӵеһҲڡ
ǸǳԵĵ˭ܹףܹ׵ܷ˺˲һĵط
Ƕ϶Ҷһʮ̧ĴΣҶ棬Ե˳˸֮
ջʼǣŸ԰ҪΧƵ۶תһȦģʼϲôҪ䣬ǿҪͬġ
;ϰղ֪ʲôƣ֪壬صĴӣټ˻ʵ۵ˣϰռֱЩˡ
۶İնʮָԣģЩҲҵĸŻġϰҲͼ뵽صŶҶαǶ̧ŵ磬ϰչ˴Ļ꣬԰ڵĶ鲻׳꣬﷢һĻ
Ҷʱ򣬶ûôŹɽνһʾڣҶθоޱȵĽźͲʡ
صʹ֮ϾǴ͵Ļᡣ
һֱڵҹ껾СԴҶεķϢҶ壬Ҳоһƣ롣
ҪϢҶκȻоһ졣ҶϾѹ϶һַ졣ңҪע⡣
һ£Ҷͷųʶ̽Χܿ˼źԼˣ˷档
ˢһӰӲԶð˳ԶС
Ҷ֪ǶԷⱩ¶Լ٣ԼȥҶγһ£չ׷ȥ
˵ٶ죬գۼͷɵ˵۶֮ĵطڸϣҪҵһ˼ĵط治ףҶ׷ϵ˰Ҷ쵽˻ʼ԰֣㹻ˡ
Էͣ£ҶҲͣЦ죬Ҷ۳ɹˣ㻹˼յѵҪô
ʮ˵ֻǾóҹҸ֪ĵ˵˵ѡ
Ŷ֪֮ˣĪ˵֪֮ˣҶû뵽쾹Ȼ˵Ļ
ϸֳһɰɫ̹Ȼ˵ݹ£ֻҶϸҽһն̳֮ˣµµ֮˵֪ˣǿҵ䡣
죬ҹӦòӢ۰ɣҶλһ¿ǣʵڲǶֵĵطûҪ̫
ȴǹЦҶϣӢۣкβɰѵûʸô
˵ţһƣǰҶһС·˹ȥ
һתһ䣬һʯʯʳǰʯϰһƺƱһƨ£ƣȴҲԼȺһȻ󿴿ҶΣʾҶ¡
Ҷγһ£Ʊһ
һָ˵ȻҶϣ£֮⣬ҲûгƵӢ֮ˡ
ҶƺԼһƣȻٴһ΢΢ЦִδЩСӢˣôûеӢˣ
ҲһһӢߣʵ߾߾ܹƵϡʵھ£ػ󣬲ӢҲһҶҲһˣˡ
ҶЦҿʵҲӢˣΪΣ
ЦҪʵǻۣҲǿǡĻ̫أ̫࣬ѳɴ£֪򾿾ôô


1535 ˵
Ҷ֪ҹԼеԲӢô򵥵ġᵽ⻰ҶμȤ
쿴ҶǰľƱˣҶˣ¾ƺЦҶϣȻΪ֣ҲͽһҶϵˡĴԵǲ٣ֻ֪˲ࡣ
ҶκǺЦǡþ֪еصǲǣ
ºܸߣЦܹͳ֧ŸԴûĻƾʲôʵͳ޾磿һʵĵطܹĶˣȻġ
Ҷγһ˵ǣ񣬲Ǳָȡ˴ôҪΪ֣λãҲδؾǿӵͷϡ
ץƱһЦʹ죡ҶϵҲͳ仰Ҳҹһ
ĻϻӾʹˡ˵ʵϾǸبһصشڸ֮ǰʹˡ
˵һԴȪһĵ򣬺λ鵽ԴȪͣ
λԴȪмȡ޵׳־ҲͳˣƾԼһ磬ԶԼĺ󱲣û뵽Լִ򣬾ȻǶ벻ı仯
ֿĻƣȻԴȪ²ǿЩͳͳ˿ʵĻء
֮£ֻƾǿʵһƽԴȪĻءЩƾȻԴȪȫںһγɵ
ƴȫȻһУγĸ֮Ƭ
ĻҺͶ¼˵ܡʱһԺյӣֻǼʴң޷Լ淶Χ
˲ٵĿ⣬֮˺Ͷ¼ðս뵽õһ֮ƬʵȻҲΪıʣеĶ֣ڶ¼İ£ɾͳ
Ӧ˵¼ĻҾģĶûа֮ġ
ǣΪԼܹͳĶ˵ĴڣͰԼѪͨԼеĶȫԼѪӡǡ
Ҳ˵еĶϵ壬˭ҲŴ߰㶫
һֱҺͶ¼嶼ѪһŨ飬ڶ¼İ£Ѱҵ֮Ƭ֮Ҳʱڵľ޻ۣ綥˵λãܹ
ȻĻڽĴУЩ·ĸоˡÿһĻʵۣʵô⡣˥ļ
ͼҵеĵĸ֮Ƭٴĵ硣
ÿһ꿪һΣҳԱ˷λᣬһ񡣶ʱڣд˺ܲѺõ
вΪǶ¼廳ģƻҳԱѰҵ֮ƬԲŻ֡
ʱĻʵۺݺݴ˵⻰ˣǣ¼ͻ֮䣬ҲΪ˴ε¼еҵĸоˡ
Ҷ΢΢Ц֣ѵҪҹ㽲ߵ˵ǱصĻô
ˬЦȻˣĻδһˡҶֵܣǴˣ֪һ֮ض껾һµۡô˵ûãԼ뷨ʹġ
һȷʵǹģ첢ûҪҶʲôҶԼȥ롣ⷴҶκú÷ʡһ£껾һĻص˺»һʲô³
ȶҶΰʵʹΪҶΪˣĺӦñȶ˸ԶϾҶҲһ䣬̰ͼɫӬͷС춼оԼ˷ѿˮ
еʱδؾöֽ˼άֻҪһɵӾ㹻ˡҶԼҲòϣ˶콲֮ҶβòһԼ껾֮ĵεΡ
һأ껾ԼѪˡʲôģǶ֮ɽҲֻëëꡣؼ껾ΪܹӮҶεϿɣǰ䲼˵گΪͳĵλʹ֮ٷļѹ
ҪðŵΣյģʵϣ飬껾Ͷ֮Ѿһ߲˺ˡǣҲϲ˼ѾһðգرҲǺܴġ
ûگ껾ҪҶ̸ʲôҶοġ
ǣĽҶζ껾ĸоëȻк֮Ļʵ̫ˡÿһ©ңʲôóȥ


1536 
Ҷα۾κȻ˵֣Ҳɾɣ㱳Ҳ˵ģѵô
쵭ȻҵȻϣҶҲûáҽҶϵܵĺΣһ飬һ棬Ҳ֪ͨһҶϵܣз飬Ѿϸ⵽ˡ
ҶΰֵΪѷ鲼Ǻܵĺ֣ڿҲˣԼ֪ʲôطˡҪЩҪѲٵҷҲ޷ȥԮɵȥɡ
ЦҶϵܻѰѵͲѵŰ껾һô
ҶοЦܾһȥʱ򣬷ѾܻͷˡڣҲֻˣѵбĳ·ô
һ˵ҿԱ֤ӵһǧĹ㷺򣬶ңԶ֮Ϯ档
Ҷƺźеһǳ˵ˣǾԲύġ
ϸֳһɱ֮ɫ˵˵ӢۣΨҶѡֻȴǲܹϧעֻһЦ󡣡
ҶվֵҲɣ֣лƣˡ˵꣬ҶηصԼķ䣬ۿԲ˯ˣڴߴ
ʱ֣껾ҶιȥһͬţҶû뵽ǣ껾ȻҲ˹һš
ðţ껾ˣҶκĹ£¸ļǷֺֻȥһЩڻҼͶ¼顣
껾˵ԼĿģҶκȡһ֮Ƭʹֵ֮ٹ⡣
Դˣ껾Դ˵ҪԣʾɹˣһԼûɡҪչǾǻʵһ֮֮ϵλáǲţԷҶΪܱʮȫΡ
ҶΰúЦû뵽껾ǣȻȶԶˣ˼ǳھһǧ˾õس
ЩҶҲùܣڣǱһĿģȡ껾Ͷ춼ҪͨԼʵԼĿ꣬õԼǾ͵øۡ
Ҷο껾һۣȻǰʵЩ껾˵ˣĶʵ̫ˣҲ껾ĶһҲԼ١
껾ϸҶκ˽صķҪע飬յʱ˭Ҳȥһˣͳһκ˶Խȥһռ䡣ֻҪǸģ϶Խȥ
Ҳ˵򱻴֮󣬿ܻб˽ȥҶеƾܹȽȥһѪָ
껾ƺǺż֮ϾҶ˸ԼߵңԭĴţĻʹҵС
һ澵ǰ껾ָʾָƣ˾ӣʱˮһζͨĴˡ
껾һ󣬾ʹߴ·Ҷθоʲôԣȴ˵ֵֹֹĸо
ȹȥҶνȥڲһУҶη껾һЦЦЦݡ
һйŹ֣һжˣҶѾһˡ
ΧһƬïܵĲݵأԶһɽ緢ŵ⣬籾͸һֹ½ĸо
ȡҶϣӦĶ߰˵ͺˣûǲ˼ʱǺѵġ֪Լǰֹϵˣ̾Ͳˡ
Ҷδӿ껾֪ˣû뵽һΧľ¿ɸ껾ĴͬҲҶߵԵʡ
껾뵽֮ȷʵӦÿһɽֻҪǸɽ緢ˣͻͨͿˡ
ӦϹʱڵֲҶΪʦֲ˽ǳôͻأӦһܹһεģôڵֲأ
Ҷζҡһ˵ȱ𶯣ϸ۲һ¡˵ţҶС۲Щֲִ
һ۲죬ҶδһΪЩֲȥȻһʵϣȴǼΪ󷨣˲ϵ󷨶ӵгĸ֣Ҳ׶༪٣
껾ЦЦı飬Ҷζʱо̲ޱȵа
תͷҶüͷҶκȻԼɫʱˣͷʮŤŪԼ½ǡǹҲСŮ̬
ҶΰĿתԶĬĬšҲ֪еһУ껾Ķ϶èġ⣬Ҷξ֪ͨ飬껾ŵģ껾Ļ㾡ıӦò᷸ͼĴɣ
Ǹʲôõأ껾Ӧòбܹµġǣ򣬳ضʱ̲ŻῪôóأ


1537 ǧ
ҶδԻ֮󣬾͸оһӣû뵽˵ľ޴
Ҷγ˼ʱȻеҶϣ㿴ɽϿʼ緢ˡ
Ҷ̧ͷһȻɽϵǱըһڼٵ䣬ɽ嶼ǡ
¡¡ɽҾҵضžһʯ衣
ҶһЩ޴룬ϽȥһڻУٷɱȥ
ۿΧûпԱõĵطҶԱӭɽ屬ըķ˹ȥҶһǰ壬һ߻öʯ꣬գۼ䣬Ҷξͳ嵽˱ըɽǰ
ڷɽʯ棬һâĴ󶴡ҶοΧҲûб·ˣӿȥ
Ҷε綼ɫ磬оǲϺХķҲ֪˶ãҶξ͸оһʵѾµ˵ϡ
ΧҲĲˣĴسҶεǰĴһƬȥһ޼ʵĸһ
˼㣬Ҫһ
Ҷڹ۲죬ȻһޱȽߵҶϣҷºô
ҶѾй޶ľˣȻģСŮ̬ǰ̲סһ
ӴָͳһӵʯٴΰԼָƣһѪʯ͸ֳһӨѪɫš
ѪɫĹźȻһһָһָһ
ҶϣǾǱ߰ɡգһˮһ۾Ҷ˵
Ҷβֱ۾ͷãȻзָǾǱߡ
˸һԶǰţǴһͷС¹һײż͵Ҷһ۱ջĿ⣬¶ԷԼ͵һ
ʱħ齹ˣΣգ㿪
ɲΣҶζʱһ飬ϽĿΧһƬûʲô쳣̧ͷ죬ǸҪӣҲûر쳣
ħ飬ô£ʲôΣգҶ֪ħ鲻ԼʾħܹżӣǾ˵һΣա
ˣǸоҸоһɼΣյĶٽ˻ǸϿ׼ɡħԽԽǸоҪҶεһ
Ҷηߣ
ҶҶϣôˣʲôôоԼĶҪɤˣҶûΣյֽŶЩĸо
ݣһŵĵ͵͵ƿӰϴҶ˳һȴһμΧһ͸ε
ʵ̫͸ˣΪʱһ죬ҶμͿΡ
ҶָҪȥ꣬ħ鼸ǺеˣǧҪΣգ
ħ𼱻ǵľ棬ҶθϽһ֣䵽˵档ǣкȻϿʼƮΡ
ܴˣⶫаţմ˾ر鷳ħԽԽ󣬼Ǻгˡ
ҶβҵϽѪָķ򼲳۶ȥǣƮԽԽֱ࣬һ꣬Ҷθ޴Ӷܡ
Ҷۼ㲻ΣʩչǿķܣһǽŰҶθ
Ȼε䵽ǽϣȻǴһʹ͸ǽ䵽Ҷεϡ
Ҷξ͸оԼƤë΢΢һţȻθսڣҶôһ񣬲µĻǽȻ飬ε䵽Ҷεϣգۼû뵽Ҷεڡ
εĽ룬ҶȻоԼڵ·ҪһҴܣҶθоޱȵʹ
ħʱ򷴶˵˱ţ֮µɵΣǧꡣҪ֪еһжޱǿԼܹʵʻµĺܾ޾µݻͽϣͻγǧꡣ
ҶθоԼ嶼ЩˣңѾҶЩ಻ˡ
а취ԸôҶҧʵ
ħеа취ͦģҪðաһĶѻ⣬仹ģֻðһˡˣǻָôͰȫڴָϣֻҪƬǧǵλãͿˡ
ЩȷʵЩðգһƬǧ긲ǵķΧ㹻ҶҪ޷ȥĻֻǧ֮ˡ
Ҳûбİ취ˣҶһҧҪʩչָȴȻ֣ǧ֮£һ㷴ӦҲûСͺǧԾͨһ
Ҷζʱоĳѵǧз


1538 
뷨ҶθоԼĲ²ȷĻҲ뵽껾ļƻС껾ļƻȻĿǰ֪ʲô϶һ̾Ƶľ֡
ô֮ǰı֣װˣĻŮˣʵ̫ˡ
ǧ껹ڲͣ£ޱȹǣδ˵ϣκε꼣
ˣڵʲôǧʮ̣ȻҪӰǳ֮ġħˡ
һˮ۾ûκεʣҶοһеĹػһʱ䣬Ҷйɳ嶯Ҫôȥʶеʲôġ
ҶҪǧȴֵĶҶôŬ޷ǧĸǡ
Χûڵ棬Ψһһѣǹͺͺģûڸǵĵط
ʱҶϵĽʼɢˣҴܵ಻ԡҪǣҶζԴ˺޶Բߡ
Ҷżȴ˵Ҷϣҷɡ
ĵĻУôһɰԹҶο˫ѾˮͲôһ㣬͵
죡ֻҪһһ;Բܶ㣡Ҷն˵ǰܣҶԸоķˡ
ǧ֮ڶ˺Ƕڵǿĸšǧ긲סĴڣֻȫܡ
ǿ֮£ĻҲܵӰ죬ԽԽܣʹѸƣһƣͣƱػϵƣͣӰ쵽Ŀơ
ѭֻҪûӦİ취ͻ뵽ƣߵĵزʱ޷סңͻΪ壡
һ˵Ҷϣа취ܹҺôһġ
ҶԣѾЩͣɻܹԸǧꣿôܹԸأ
ͷ˫ĿᣬȴһԲģԼ
ڳ棬һ͹µѪŵ塣Ҷξ͸оڵħˣħǿѹƣҲûкܺõЧ
ûͣµһɫĺ޻װε˫۲ҵһ¶ѩ׵ļ˼ֱҪѪ
ҶθϽһתͷ˵㲻Ҫңҡ
ûҶ˵꣬ǼɫصҶεϡʱҶξ͸оķдؿЩ͸ǧһεδ׷׾£ϡ
Ҷתͷһ˫᳤ǧҡҡ׹һεǧϣת˲û档
ҶζʱоһԴĿ־Уǧаŵʵ̫޴ˣԼΪϱĴޱǿᡣ
Լ嶼޷Ҷɵ弡Ѹ˥䣬жʵܹĴݲУ
ҶϣҶ磬ҿǲˣٱʱ˵˵ѪȪӿһ罦ǧڵʹڸҵɵڸѪ
Ҫ˵ڣˣҶţ۾һɨķ
Ҷ磬˵ɣңҡĺϲңĺҸ˵Ϊӵһ죬Ҿһֱ᲻ϧһбҵġ֪ǻʼҵŮûԼҪĻģҾҪһҺõģڼΣջлɵʱ򡭡
죡ҶһֱĻһѳǼɫϡ
ܣҶαͺͺꡣ
֮ܣ
ʱһƬס֮УһͷֱĸХȥ
¡¡ľ죬һҵҡΣҶκһ޴ɽ
ҶαԼɽУڵҶκܵǧʴˡ
ǼɫڵǧѾճˡǣΪǧʴײܵص˺Ҷʶ֮̽£һƬѪģ
ҶһҧָҶλûôʹһ֮֮󣬽ʹó֮ܣޱҶε˴ײһʹá
ѾһѪɫҲûˣܴ֮߶Ĵָ£ɫһָ˺ҲһۿɼٶѸٻָ
ڣеָֻܶ廹ڳ˯УĽë΢΢뵽һһı顣
ҶȻ˵ϣǧҶδ˺ҲǲġȻûʲôˣҵǸอһĳ
Ƚ϶ԣΪľǷǳ޴ġһʱ䣬ҶҲֻ˯ĸо


1539 оһµħ
УҶθоڼҵ΢һ£ŷڵħ۲ݡ
۷ֳμһħħΪһħ
۵ĽҶʹ֮ܵϣħΪǾֵõģΪһŮӦһӦеĹƷʡ
һһƬΪⴿΪŮ˻ͷˡ֮ǿǱĲҪԼΣĹͷʹáʹΣǾͷʲôܲˡ
ħûʲôߵģ˵˵ţϾͽ˴˽ҶԷĶ̣ĸҶζЩĿɿڴĸо
ҶЩûЦΪһ׼ļһû뵽ƽһа﹥һ˵ΪǣҶû뵽ԼЩħеĸߴϣ˼Լֱǵżһ
ħмһ˵ôһ˾һʵ˭ҲǺøħ˵ɣо־ʱǲǾͻϽ𼪱ף͵ŵо̰ħֻҪһôͲһߥռУ͵̰ᣡ
ͷһħֱĭҷɣеħȫݺݱһ١صԼ˵Ҵİģ֪ɶа鲻ǾһһŮзܺΪΪոµδ
˵ħˣҶҲħޱȸе۸ˡ
ħܱ˵˰ӵ˼붼˵ôףǷˡҶѾһʱˣȻ˿ɲôˣȻʹƢǹﲻɳӵġ
ҶκȻЦʲôأôˣܴһôҶʵҲûб˼ǸоЩħǸԼŹͨһ¡
˭֪ЩħоҶˣһԶݣ̾ͲӰ
ĳ棬Ҷ쳣ΣڻиħҶʵħ飬ô£ѵҾϲô
ħЦˣġ֪ղŵûУЩħǷǳġʵħϸ˵ҲǺˮޣЩʱԼãȫħͷˡ
ҶεͷЦǰϣģħûʲô̫ĹϵֻħԸʱһľջҲεġ⻰Ҳ˵еʱδؾͲһּơ
ħȻЩж˵˿ʵħֵܱڹʱҲ̫ˣΣеĶȫϰ
ҶЦ˵ʶǣǵҲĹ۵ġǰʱЩұ֤һ
⻰˵꣬һѵħð˳ܵҶεǰҶΡ
㿴㿴ʲôأӽ˭Ҳ׼аͷһŮ˾Ű뷨ǾҪõģ
ħһϾ˳еǾǶҵҪ˵ģͽҲúˣһˣ϶쳣ʱҪľı۰͸۰ȻḧȻһᡭ
ûħ˵꣬һħͿʼʹŹħħ󺰴еǾңҲҪҰѻ˵꣬ˣҪαĵһҪ¸ҵسеܺʥְ𡭡
ŹûħĻħҡҡͷȣִšˣҲˣЩħʵϲһζߥȥɻ£ֻǰԼȥһЩ顣ʵϣǣҲζû˵ζˡ
Ҷһ˵ô˵𻯳ĴڣħҲҪǵĸӰǲǣ
ħ֣˵ˣҪԼжˡ𻯳񣬾ζԼ˷ʱΪʵޱǿѾܹܵļޣҪûӰʵϣ񣬼ûЩħɳ顭
ҶҲȻϵκһִڣܿȥôа񣬶ڵĵȽ϶ԣħЩ޸ߴ϶ʵȴǳսթĴҪõöˡ
ţһѾתˡħֹͣ˴򶷣ΨħСУˣҸĽ顣
΢΢ЩҶδҶ磬ˣҪΪҵĻҲ
ҶβȻЦɵѾͷ˵Ļʱ˵ǷôǾӦͬˣΣǰ¸ҵһ𵣵
кȻͷųһޱе񣬼еҶ磬⻰˵ôǰҵһô
ҶصͷһҾ϶ҵˡһһЯֹϣ


1540 
ȻһͷҶεĻˣҭſ
Σ̧ͷ˵Ҷ磬Щ飬㲻Ҫһֺòã
⻰˵ûͷûԣͺƾбһӵĻһǣָҶҲ
ΣҶ˵㣬֡Ҳ˵ЩɼģܹġôЩͲ˵ˡ
Щ˵ѵҵϣ㶼ԭô
ҶεЦְһжƵˣҹ֣֮Բ鷳²֪Ҳ鷳鷳Ҳǹˡ
һʵҶ磬㲻ҪҰһֵʲô鷳Ұ
ҶȻܶû˳Ļˡ껾ܹԸĵƣŻͻȻѵġ
ҶοһܹǧʱҶλȻʡ껾ԲһУʰŶڻҼɵ϶Ҳⷽԭ
껾ҶκͻðŵĿľǸ촫һźţҶθȡһ֮ƬǾͿջҶľǿƵλ
һעҪеҶκ
Ϊ˱סԼƱػ᲻ϧһд˹ֹɱҶκ֪ҪɵҶΣͱҪȫԸĻһľӢͻ㳲
棬һɾˡǲ֪껾᲻ᣬԶչһ
һƵŵûʧɫΡΡ˵Ҷ磬ɣһֻôǺܹҵģ£ǻҵġǱĶ򲻿Ҷ磬ǹҵģô˵أ
Ҷҡͷ̾ϢΪҲŻƶϰǺġǵӽĺö³˻ʵ֮κ˶ܽӴ껾ⶫ㻤˵Ǻܰġ
еˮȪӿһʣĲţǸԼǻ΢Ļ֣ȻôĻЩ˵Ǹʵʩˣһ룬˺ë𰡡
ҶκȻʵúûһ£һ뵽ʱΧһۣǲǾҽȥǸӣ
һ˵ֻǵøսȥʱΧźֲֵֹܶҸһ룬Щǻþһȫʧˣͱ˺ӡʱһΪҵۻ˲ġһҾ͹ſˣ¡
ҶεͷӦþˣֲֹ͸°ɣǲǻбĶ
ֻƯĴ۾һ˿ңû뵽ҶξȻ֪ҶһˣЦǲ˵ǧ֪ҲҪܣˣȻӦ껾ҲͲˡ
ʵҲˣı˵һСŪ½ǰβ˵Ҷ磬ָҵǻҵֻлʵ۲õĶصң򲻿ɰѻҵĶ˿ǷޣЩء
ҶЦһ˵СɵϣúϢɣǱϾǸʹǲǣô˵ǶҪ°Բԣ
ش⣬ϾҶεȱ˯ˡʵҶû˵ǣڿѾû·ˡ
ĵط껾һãһ˲䣬ͨĳֳٲһ󷨡Ҷоܹĳֵӡǲܹƽ
ӡǣпܾǵĸ֮Ƭӡǡ껾ѾǰҶκ֮ضˡ껾ܹʼ˵˻û֪
Щ飬Ҷûĸ̫пˡĿУһֱ껾Ǹøɡ
ȻҶʵħ飬֪ʲôô
ħ˵ˣ㲻ҲޱȵġӦҲĶȲĶϱȴĹЧⶫһڲƵ汦Ƕһ˺Ч
Ҷֵһ˺е㲻ס
ħЦˣʵǿ˰ɣ˵µĴڣ˽һΪ磬޵ˡǣǧ֮£Ҳûô񼶱Ĺͷ񹥻֮Ĳˣɸ±ǲܶࡣ


1541 
ħһ´ָµ֮˵ָҪ²˵ھֶϵĲ𣬶ڵϵĲ
ΪŽĹЧҶܹͷųĴָǾ޷ġҶֻн֮ڴָϣܹǿ
ֻµҶεʵܹһԸߵˮ׼ôָҲȻܸһϸˡ
ЩħȻˣϸоһɼΪǿϢµϢصúģǿϢҿУҽܹ޸оҪĻ¡
Ҷħ˼ҶҲû治ԣҶξͲ⡣
Źʱתѡ
ǧѾͣˣҶ̧ͷɫѾ磬кѪӦķ򼲳۶ȥ
˰գҶ̧ȥһƬĵؽЩֲԶȥܹддݵءҶοᷳ˴ϵľɫٻϿӽ·
ۿҶκǰĴݵزˣȻڰ֮ƮľӨ̵Ҷ
ЦۣööҶÿǾԲģÿ
˵ţҪǰȥץЩƮҶȴҶһϣĺһȥ
⧲󵹷ɳȥʮˤ䵽ϡһҪȴҶȻγһɫķ籩
ЩҶ߷һɺü״Ҷξ˹ҶδҶϸоһ޼᲻ݵȻƣҶδ͸оϴеֵһʸС
Ҷзһɺ⣬оԼܶϱʱָоҪǿҡҪ֪Ҷ£ϱʱ򣬻нϵĴѹƵģڣǰĹԼǸصĸֻҪ
ǿĹҪӴ˼ȥҶܹѡ񲢲࣬һ֮ܣһǶϱ
ݣҶתҶȺȻöӨ̵ҶЩҶңֱҶεĸؽںҪλϮ
Ҷٶȿȥ죬ҶθоܹùȥҶҪŲεʱȴȻԼٶȸоţһ
ڶԷĹǷΧڣռʱ䶼ǱŶԷ־ĹֶΣ
Ҷδ󺧣Ͻʮֻ
Ű׵ĹâסҶε壬Ĺâ£ҶεҶҶǰһ˲䣬ҶȻʧˡ
âɢҶηԼЩҶɵľϡ
ûҶһķӦŷҶ˲ٴΰҶκС
ףҶ֮Уһȵ𣬽ţڷҶУһޱӢס
ףȥҶλҪᣬӾСĴڣգ۾Ҷ˵СӣǴӵ߰ɣ
Ҷ΢΢ǰҶΣǴĴߡ
ǸСһͷˣͶ㵽һߡҲΪ㣬㻳ﱧŵŮ޸£뿪
ҶЩȣô֪СôҪ
ǰ֪׾ʲôʲô飬˵һġҶι˵
СŮӾȻţ˵СҶӣǸϽŸˣȻдҲ鷳ġ
ǰ⻰װɣûŵӣûй˵أһȢȴûһ
СϱŭȵʲôСӣȻҸּۻۣ㣬¹ôģľɭ׼ǲģҵˣֻһ³Ǿǳ״ʧ
Ҷû뵽ľɭСƢûôÿһ£Ҷʵľǰ㵽ΪʲôԭҪ׾ܵøɰɣ
ɣ˵ĻҪôľɭһȣҶ߲תҶţȻɢӨ̵Ĺââʮͣ˸ͺǷеʱܹϨһ¡
ȻһޱǿϢȻЩҶ׷һ£ͺһ죬һâվҶεǰ
˧Ĵкһ󣬳۵ȳƵģȣôԵǧŮŮɱּȻ˻ð̹˲ٷϻǺ˧ġ
СҶӣСѾͷҵıͨѪӡǣԼĶ˵ǲǿһоŮˣ㻹ôľɭֱ׳˵
ΣҶεĸоˣޱȵľȻľɭı͵ľΪУҲ̫˰ɡ
ҶȻʲô¶˾ȵɫ˵ǰ˵ģĪϵ£


1542 Ŀӵ
һĸ֣ľɭԵ쳣ЩСҶӣǲΪ´СŮ޵ϾˣҲ˾ˣ㣬¶Ͻ㿪㣬Ȼÿġ
ǰ˵ģʲô֤ôҶʵ
ľɭǺ֤ݣҵĶҪʲô֤ݣҵľҵģҵľͲҵģôû˵أ
ǰɾĲˡµĶ˭֤ݵģ£Ǵ汲ϼ̳ģһʵ෴ģ˵ģƾһ仰ˣҶδͲвԷĻþͻžʹǲеġ
ľɭɭȻЦСӣΪ˲˰ϣûʲôҺµġ㲻ϧǾͱҲˡ
˵ţľɭұһӣƬҶݷ˼ٵƿҶϮƬҶȥûʲôر֮ķ򶼲ָҶεҪλ
ڵҶ˵ֱ޿ɵֵơƬҶȥǴӨӨСҶȴǴ˺ѿռһȻơ
вģмһƬҶԵҶȴǰѶŲе·ȫסˡ
Ҷε˶ʮʹóˮա
ʱиֳˮһʣˮУľɭƬҶԷŻٶȡ
ҶöԷĹһɲǼ䣬ʩչղƬҶеһ϶˹ȥ
ҶδƬҶдˮԱ߳ҶĹҶλǸоǹֱһɭȻо
ľɭҲûϵҶξȻͨķǰȵǰһҶվǰʱľɭȻû˷Ӧ
ͺһվͭǽڵĺ棬ڿŵͽ̾κεʱȻ˴ܵǰһָо
ҶѾʧʮˣĹͷҲͲһˡ
Ҷٴζʮʹó˴ľɭĸֶԾȥܲ˵Է˵أܹʱûʲô᲻õġ
ʵҶĵľǴʩչʱмʱܹöִϢģڰ֮Ĺʱ򣬱ѪѾȷҶΣʹõʱΪԼߵĴڵʱһġ
ΪΪʵѷڶ֣㿪ʼʱ򣬶Է㹻ʵܹӦԼȻаᡣ
һῪʼˣǱʱ򣬶ԷȻŷΪԼĶסˣֻɶԷᡣ
ҶûϵǣľɭΪʵԶԶ߹ԼȴôͻҶδĹâס֮󣬾Ȼûаķ
һ˲䣬ҶλȻľɭԭ񣬾ֻ֮ʣƬɾƬĻҳԱˣʣµģֻнһһʶƬΡ
ƬΣܹͨһ;ܺԼͲˡĹֶǿĲ֣һЩһֶΡ
ȰĹͻԺľɭʵʵսȲһǿᡣ
С⣬ζô˵ҪҲô㵹ǲҶΰװ󲿷ֵȻûкúúõ٩һľɭ
ιιιСҶӣһ£ְֶͣΣûǰˣҲܵõ١ֻҪңһкľɭĶֲһ֪ԴƣȻǲɿڡ
Ҷκȵͷ˻ӲǾͱҲˣҲܵõ٣ֻҪܹˣûвôá
˵ţҶμӽ˴߶˴ľɭĶǾԲܸģֻҪԷʣһǾجһĴڰ
ۿľɭˮһӿҶεȻҶﶸȻһ˿СС⡣
˼ҵİмԺԲƣɾô΢һҶκȻ֣Ȼֹͣˣ
ľɭѵõĻᣬҶεĿơһʱ䣬ҶĿɿڴĿŲԶľɭ¶ŵɫ
޳ҶɫѿģľɭʱɫҶε飬ֱǼ˹һСҶӣôܻ޳ĴڣҪ֪ããܹ޳ľͷëֺˣȻӵУ
ҶľɭĻףԭղŵԼʧܵģȻ޳ӵ̫ӵˣħ˵ⶫû׼ӵ˭ʵսпԼһذ
ľɭӣҶжȻֳһɱһǾԲģΪ޳ʧһΣŶԷɵǲġ
ľɭһҶδϾҶʲôˡľɭϽֵСҶӣҷвУ۱֣ʲôɲɣ
Ҷһ˵˵ҪڵزôУɱ㣬ҽʳζ
ľɭŵˣҡֱ۵СҶӣ֪Ҫɱʲôô


1543 ֮
Ҷһһٱƽľɭֻ۾ԲľɭǱ߸ֳһŨŨɱ⣺ٺٺ٣ʲôҲ֪֪ɵʳѰԣǻǱЩûõİɡ
ľɭ໵һеСӣȻܹоԵİոɵңǣѾĵ֮ˡΣأ⻹ǿʼ㲻Ϊ·ôߵİɣ
ľɭø֪һС
ιιιСҶӣǸ椶Զһ㣬ȻҿеûšľɭҶɫŻϾͿʼָֻˡ
ҶôôŤСһСҶƺôô̶ľɭ̶ҲŰɡ
ʵľɭҶγ֣ʵϲģľɭʵĿ
Ҷǧ꣬ʵϾľɭĽʵǧ꣬ҪķľɭٵҪһ½û£ľɭǾʹõġ
Ҫ˵µ飬漰¿ɾԶˡںܾǰĸŻ½Ĵһ𣬴Ҷ½Ϊģߵʱ˭Ҳ˭һĶ
ǣĶ˭Ҳκβ˭Ϊı۷ԼҸԻȥԺڽбԡ
˼󣬱˴Ȼ൱ǴҾ;ҪֳߵѾǲܵˡ
Ƕԣһܹﵽĸ߶ȶѾﵽˣû˸ǵĴڣǴ۷壬ããȻ֮䣬Ȼʧĸо
еףһ뷨ҲĶˣããģ˵ҲĴġ
ǼȻĴڣβҲЧһһأǴ첻Ĵ棬һСǸã
ף飬ϵõ˴ҵӦǣѡ˸ҪﵥһµΪеĶԼģҲͽ
ٵǰѲ˹е˼άģʽΪѾ֪̫ķԣʱ򣬲֪оõЩ򡣶ʹóЩ򣬶йеķĶҲʡ
е飬ɷеȫеڵѹȻЩޱѹĻ屬ըγһµ硣
飬쳣ΪǼĸһƲãͻγɼҵķɣǿԼȫ˭ұᷢʲô
󣬻һ˵Ѿ㹻֤ԼˣѾûٸߵ׷Լ׷ܹİ취ǴʵͻƵһõ
γɸԵʱ򣬶һѹһ㣬ȻγĿܵġǿеġĽģҲֻԿ֪
󣬴ҾõĻȷʵе֮ȷʵǸߴʤѾûʲôܹ֤Լһ¥ˡ
ǣķһԡһԣĳ˴ˡȦõеʻȫѹһ޸µĵϣĿ֮±ըˣγɵľ飬ӦΣյȴǿԿƵġ
˭֪ʵУһıըȫǵڻ㱬ըʱǴǿڲʶȫסըĻ㡣
ʵУ㱬ըˣʱռȫһŵ״̬ȫԸҲûпƺ÷ŵ硣
ΪѹסŵıըԼеȫóŰ͵Ŀռѹγ˺
򾭹ôһڣȶƴеΪάȶϣΪ;ƿݶһ䡣
ĽѵһǾҪҪһ׵Ͻ۷гǿʵռڣ֮ϣиߵ޷ĸ߶ȴš
ʱһйڴĹձеһ˵ãܹдһоͶһˡ
Ϊ䣬µľԶԻ֮ƬľɭףΧƮ޷˽뵽֪١
£ķӡɶÿһ꣬ͻôһοԱĻᡣĻ£ͱ滹ж¼洳˽
ȵĵõģ֮ƬвĴСҲΪӲҡ
Ϊ¢ʯƬһУͰеһȫ˻ʼѪӡ
ΪĴУԣоһַҶ¢ϡ
ڽļʱεõľɭףĴУҲȷ곤ʢ˥ͷ
ҵ֮Ƭ֮ҲսһΪҪҵĵĸ֮ƬľɭҲ֪


1544 ֻ컯
Ҷ˳˼껾ӦǽӪһΪƴı
ܷȡõһ֮Ƭ껾Ӧû̫ϣģΪǰεĿУѾˡ껾Ϊһ൱μңǾԲеϣġ
෴ģֻҪ㹻ͷܹѶҪô껾ȫʰġ
Ϊ֪ܹʹһ֮ƬڣΪȹȨǱĸߵͼ᲻ϧһдӵġ
£Ҳ˵пܵľǻлмĽĶҪӵߵС
ǵõ֮ƬĴеˣЩһĶһ֮ƬĴ˲ˣЩͻʧȥʧȥӦе
Ҳʵô߾һôǿᣬҶԻӦֲֿƽеġţӵеĽܻܲԭҲǶһֱҪ顣
뵽ҶʵǰǲӵеЩѾ˥ˣҪȻǰҵҲЩ͸˰ɣ
ľɭؿҶ˵СҶӣе˼û뵽ЩȻ㿴ˡ»ĶѪû֮ƬĴУǳѡҲΪˣҲӦԭˡ
Ҷһü˵Īҵǿжǵ֮ƬŻᵼ鷢
ľɭ̾һ˵ʱû˵ĻҰ֮Ƭ̳ߣǲдʶƬҲԶ֮Ƭг˯Ϊ֮ƬߣӵеʶƬβŻѰҵȻڵĶΪԼ塣
ľɭȻһЦ˵ˣЩˡҸһ䣬Ҫǿ磬ÿ鶼ܹŬܹʵֵģͺǵ񰡣ȫ䣡
Ҷζľɭĺøһǿͷ˵ǰĽ̻һϡʣʲôԸδô飬һܹæ
ľɭЦѾˣʲôҪأ£һõĻˡǵҲˣҲͲˡ˵ʲô뷨Ļٴκúûһ飬û̫Ҫһƽƽƽһ
Ҷһľɭ֣˵ǰҪû׼һܰæôֻʶƬԽʱգܻҵһֻתĵط
ľɭһϲСҶӣҶʦҶǰĴֻҪ㹻ǿĻҵʶƬܹҵһֻתĵطֻҪܹĸոսϣ̥ûпʼʱҾͿתˣ
˵ľɭɫȻֻأ컯ĵֱܰͳöԶأ
ҶЦǰһһĽǶŪһ˭֪δᷢʲôǶԵģʲôҪһֻ̽ľǰɣʧѣûʲôúµġ
ľɭˬЦû뵽һ񣬻СǣСҶӣǾԡסһмʲôĻϷҪҡѾǰĴˣôƴĻѾϲˣɰνǲҪˡ
ҶεͷľɭվԼľɭʩչ˴ֻ
ҶһӾóһľɭڴֻĹâ£˲Ϳʼ˴Խʱյó̡
дֻϵҶκľɭ֮仹ܹ硣
ֻģǼֱһ޵׶ʱ䣬Ҷξ͸оһҪ
ǰôҶľɭżһƽ͵Ŀʵ
ûҵʵֻ֮СҶӣְܼܲܵĻͷɡľɭӦ
û£żһֲܼʱءҶ˵ţͶ
ڴʱҶľɭϲӵСҶӣҵһĿ꣬ӰѾ͹ȥ
ҶθоҲͰԼʣһ˽ȥʱԽɭҵֻ֮ҶξܹԽš
ҲҶμʮʱ䣬ľɭ˷ܵ˵СҶӣϾҪˣףٶôˣСҶӣǲѾ˰
Ҷһҧڵһҵ˴ֻ档ܣ֮ܵĲ䣬ľɭ̼ͱ͵ֻ֮
ľɭͶ̥ǰһ˲䣬ͷʱˮСҶӣ֪Ǿȫ֮ܶˡҾ͸ССĲɡ
˵ţһƬӨӨҶ˳ŴֻĹâͨƷɵҶεϣͼâһҶѾûҶεָˡ
У˵ֻҪҵľ־ڣܹһֱЧáϣˣ˵ţľɭһ̹⣬ʧڴֻâĩˡ


1545 ׷
һֱԱ߿ţۼҶɫ԰׵ˣŵûʧɫϽסҶΣҶ磬ôˣɱҰ㵽ôˣ
ҶѾǴЩհ׵ĸоˣΪȫѪҺЩɬˡ
֪˶ãȻҶθоԼѾȫͿյУһӿ
ܣҶʵ̫ϤˣҶεϲõУϸڲ͵أЩϸ˲ӿӿ롣
ҶҲЩɵˣӿܲ䣬Ҷλǵһϣܿ죬ܾȻ䵽һǧ൱״̬ɱҶδǰĵܼҪడ
ǣܵĲûҪͣ˼ңͷѸͣͬĺˮѾɺԵĺӴҡ
һǧǧܿ죬һ൱ˮ׼ӽҶмֱǾϲԸˣҪ֪ǰҶʱҲǼĴ洢ڣȻʮ洢ˡ
ңһУһٶ֮С
ôôҶԼˡ
ʱħ˵ˣղôֻľɭֻأʵǾ춯ص¡ˣľɭһʯƬȻľɭĵƣһ֮˷ܹɳĶ£ǿǽԵĴѰ˵ĽҲΪ
ҶβŻȻǰľɭʶȻвСˣ֪Ķ飬Ǽֱǲ鰡
صĿǰҶθѹղڸħԻ˻ûѣһֱоĿ˵ʶȫѹ
ޣû¡Ҷο޵ƵģЦЦ˵һ䡣
һ֣Ҷΰ˻
ҶεָӴϣ϶ʱ˵ʶĿ̹⡣ҶζȻ㤣˳ԼָķһȴԭľɭԼƬҶڵָڸϵ²ű
Ҷζܹоϵ£·һ׳ɳĺһɢ뵵
ҲǾˣıʣ˸ղŻڿĨᣬһϾҪ⿪Լ
Ҷδ󺧵㣬Ҫʲô˵ţҶξͰס֡
ȴޱ֣˵Ҷ磬Ұ¸㣬ָܹĿһˡ
ҶθϽסԼѾûˣղžССһ¡»ϱȽϺá
Ϊ˱Լû£ҶƿվȭȣԵúò䡣ŷûм
ʱҶκȻомϢڿٿ
ҶθϽߣס
һԹŮȻèĵġ㿴컯֮£§§˷绯ôѵ˶ô
һ䣬ӰͳҶκǰ
ڱ磬ô
һ׺ĻЦڵ£֮оȻ˷绯飬֪֮л
˵һԱݣԶȦһɱ⣡ïڻʲô˵ģԹŮ
Ҷβ㱻ԷʺЦˣɿָŻï˵ʲôأ¼˭֪ҺлԼǿ껾ɵģѵʵ۵ˣ
˵ҶתͷڣЦ֪ʲôô㾹Ȼվ˻ҵĶ档ҿԶȦӦɣڵƾһ蹫Ҳ޿ˡ
¶˿ҰЦ˵ҶΣǸʲôǻΪôǣ껾ǸαʵۣʩѾŭԹ飬ʱЩ˶Ҫģ
Ҷĵ黹Ǳҿˣ췢չԼû©һĵطġ
Ǹ۹Ұļң֪Ǹɰ껾һʱҪȡһǲеġΨһİ취ѰһĿܣͿ˳סˡ
껾ıԶǣһҲɵĵ˲һжֵʱ˭еƣʰҾֶΡ
ĶңѾǲɱˡȨȨ˲ɵ͵ʱû˻ԹóԼеȨǾֻǱƴ˭ȭͷӲˡ
Ҷ뵽ɵüͷ
ôٵģô󣬼ܴҲô׷ǰҶκȻ׳⡣


1546 ѪϾ
ï¶˲мɫɨһҶ˵ˣôʲôȻˣΪ׹ҲŸɡҵУڻҳԱĹ൱С΢ġÿһҳԱѪ׷ٵģ˰ɣ
ҶεЦδҲ̫ˣƾǼҲʰҶĳ
ïȻһĳЦҶΣʱѵ㻹ӲôڵѾ껾׵ǸαѾܵ˲ٵĥѰɣǻܹʣ¶ʵأ򰡣ٺٺ١
ɭɭЦҶΣô˵ҲǵĶˡƾһˣܹΪҵ¾ôһ̣ҲеˡοôǧĵĹ㣬֪ɡ
˵ţڵƵĹâѾʼڵˡҶοڵı֣ɵһҵĻӣȻôʵôһҲжʮΪ
ҵĵ̻ģս˥ĹУҲʵĳԱ
˫ۺڻ֣Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһɺô
ڵ¶˿Ұı飬ŤˣɣҪһɣҾ͸һɡΪҵĸױĸһ꣬Ǹλͳ㸸׵ġҸΪ²๦ѫȴø㸸¹꣬ɹɣ
һ㵣ŵѵͶȻʲôʿǰܹǵҫλȫǰѵǻô
㣿ôҸ׻ǵӣȵһٵҵһԶϵ֧ˡʱǵĵλͻԽԽ˭˼ǣҪԶڸλǾҪԶԼǵϵ
һ㣬ѵҪλô
ڵ¶һ˿λҪ˵ôòãǽжԭǵĶ껾Ҳ̫̫˽ˣȻҪвѫද֣ǵĸûʲô껾ǵģֻˣ
Ҫ˵ȴҶθֹסˣˣ㿴ڵӣܹȥǵĻôһĿŤڣϾ̾ϢҡҡͷҲ˵ˡ
ЦҶΣǰܹ漣йĻԻͣҵǰֻ·һߣΪĻҾԾݸλʬλز͵ô
˵ţȻһŭƵĹâȻ֮ʢһɹɹϹ⡣
ѪϾڵһŭϹȻڰγһˮ壬ˮͨ徧ӨĲһɷâˮģǲһˮ廯ƬֱҶ˹
ˮƬһҶƿҶҲǸоʮӦؼǣҶε߻ҶαҪ
뵽ҶȻһȣҶεŭȣһ״Ļǽſֲ֨Ҷ߸֣ҶȫС
䣬ˮƬһƬƬ˻ǽϣľұըûǽĲ
Ҷû뵽ھȻôߵʵܹ䱾ĵҲǲСӵġҶλѾùˣ洢ģܣһǾĵġ
ҶθеļµģˮƬǸɫâģⶫһһҶΣҶμǲעŵɫâĵϣȴҲܹоɫâķ·۾һĶ£ԼڵѪȻйҪȥĳ嶯
ûҶԲߣïٺЦҶôҲǸ˶ôʱĺˡ죬ҲԶٵľᣬǴһ֣ԹŮ˽ˣҲһ°ɡ
˵ţï˺֣ҶβµĻһʱ䣬뵵ĹâϳŻǽô˵ĺ£ǽʼϾҪĸо
ҶСӿҪֲסˣҶӰѾֻҪҵѪϾմҶε壬СȫѪҺͻᱻҵϾȫɡʱСӵһоȫˣ
Ȼŭڣôô޳ܣΪʼ֮˾Ȼϰ˲ݵаŹѵͲ±֪ô
ں˵С֣㸸ףǲбʵľ㣬Ǹ˾ɷңʥ
˵䣬ï˻ڼӽ˴߶ԼĹǽںһˡ
ҶһѰ§˹Ȼһ߶ܣγһһ߶೤֡


1547 һҶ
ʹѾСϾͳŲסˣڲǻˣ֪ʱҪľǸͬʵҶεǿֿ£ں˶ʹ˳̵ľڣȵľ˭ֵܹһ¡
Ȼ·ǽһҶγ֣ŵԼӲ˵Ĺɳһָָڡ
һָҶεȣһŰ׵Ĺâһ𣬾໵һɳ˰֮⣬ͨһˤ䵽ϡ
ͬʱï˵ĹҲ˿û˷ѴҶεϡһҶ˼ʮſסΡ
ʱâȻ˹Ҷεļϡ˲䣬Ҷξ͸оԼѪҺǾ̺ˮһӿâС
ҶΣͰµķͳͳˣ㲻޸ôʲôˡ㻹ܵ
ï˸оѾռ˾ԵһҶεľ룬һȺǱƽһֱϻһ㡣
ǧҶдʹóľܵĻϹ
ʱOO@@ϣһҶε˫Ӷڼ˵Ͼȥ
Ȼһ˾סԺҶκȻ֣Щ˹һʧˣ
ҶΣû뵽ɣ֪ѪϾǴôǴеġѪĹܣܹʹ»áղ㱻ѪʱѾ»õЧˣڣǲѾȫĵ˰
һĿЦԶ߹ҶΣūڿūһг˱ĺͲм顣
ָڵԭǼԤıҵĶһˣǾȻ˽أ
ںݺһ˵ס죡ΪǸһĹô㣬ͿҪˣǺ󹬹͢α껾ǵʩķϵۣ㻹ǸϽɣҸһʹ
ʱͼҶεֳһɻɵĹâʱҶε֮ܣ׼ڼƴˡ
ڼû뵽ʱԷôǿҵĶ־˶ǸоһĪΣǸϽ÷̬ơһʱ䣬˵ϸɫâƣ׼һ
ҶƴһԼ壬ȻѾҶţƾ԰Щһ汳
ҶҪԼʱҶεʶУȻƮһƬҶƬҶĹ¶ĸо
ľɭʱԼĶҶһӾ˳ƬҶʱʲô
Ȼ䣬ҶεԺиֳľɭʹùЩҶһĻĻԭҶľɭĲ֣ľɭǿĹֶΡ
ҶοҶеĹ켣Ȼʹ˻һҶ
˺ѷεĺҶʶеҶȻʱ·ȫͣˣ˭УܹģһƬҶ
ڼ˾ޱȣϵĹâͣҪȴһҲˣң߶޷ˡ
Ҷһߣȷɵڵǰھ͸оԼĲ΢΢һţճĶʡ
ڴۿɼٶҶתһȦֻصҶεʶ˲䣬һָֻƺһжûиı䡣
Ψһıģڻï˵ĲϣһһĿӣѪ˳Ӳʡ
ָҶΣҪ˵ЩʲôȴԼʲô˵ˡѪ˲Ⱦ棬ȻڵһҡΣ˺Ȼ˵ϡ
ͨͨïҲ˵ϣ԰׵ûһѪɫϣͲһжġ
ȻҶεҲʧѪһϵҶҲֲסˣоԼʶһƬãͺһжξһ
ξһĸоУҶξԼǱһܼŲһѨС
ҶθоԼ챻˿ˣһŵ豻̽˶ȻҶθоȣһԭʼĳ嶯ʹѰһй;
ãâУҶץһֵֻֻ֣ȼҶеĳ嶯ưֵֻ§˻ʼⷢйԼҪйĳ嶯
ҶνһûģҶһʹļţŨŨıٵʹľٶҶξ͸оȻ·һ㣬һɺĸо󣬾ͳ˯˹ȥ


1548 ף
Ҳ֪˶ãҶβŻ˫ۣһҸſҶεߣֻס°ͣ۾кԼԶԷް
Ҷ͵˷飬Ǹʱ־ȻЩ壬Ҷȴ֪Լʲô
ҡҶһڣ;һ㡣
ڳ֣ҶεԼҶ磬Ƿްѵôֻ˷޵飬ûʲôİ
Ҷβҿʴǰң˺㡣
Ҷ磬ӣһңҶᾡҵӵû˺ң෴ģҵǸо˵һŮ˵Ŀ֡Ҷ磬ǵһָҵһôǾǰٻħ鵤
֣ҶζЩ⣬治֪ⵤҩʲô
ЦҶ磬ⶫһνõĶԭһ龧ʯֻҪУͻĻþ֡ʼʱ滹ΪⶫǸҪӵ
˵˸˵澭о֣ⶫȻ幦֮ЧԭеĻþܶġǣ龧ʯΪϣԸĵرʮŰٻħ鵤
û뵽֮УҶξȻɾܹ
Ҷζ˵ǻǸϿȥѰ֮ƬɣܲҵǶþ껾һ
ⷬҶǾõģĸѾҪһƴпʵЩʱ򣬶ĵصŮңǺƭһ±ȽϺá
ҶûˣϾҶһ߳ɽѪӡָķһ·ȥ
ҶûиߣǸĺ棬Ȼζˣ̲סôһ˿˿֮䣬еʱ໥Ǳġ
Ҷ޷ʱȻ˵ҶСģǰǿҵѪӦļ󡣡
ҶһʱһݣϾ͵ǰ˵ԼҶ̧ȥüͷ
ΪڲԶǰȻʲôȴǿԸоһɭȻϢȻ䣬һɵѹԶӹ
ҶСʵоϢǴô
֣صĵͷ˵ûҶ磬ǹɼǿѪӦǴӦģǾԲġ
Ҷεͷһֻֽס֣Ƭɢŵѹĵط˹ȥ
ҶκһֱƬߣҶͻȻ˵СģǰЩԾ˵꣬ҶסͣԭأͷųԼʶ̽顣
ûʶͷųȥԶҶξ;һȻƴľڵλãǸоǴһҶʱı仯һ㡣
ҶûżʶȥʶѰľɭµƬҶѰҵҶ֮ҶλٿƬҶɳԼʶ
ɲǼ䣬΢΢һ£ȻھҶκԶľϣһصľ۳ˡ
һĻ֮Уһ׵ë裬أë͵һõӰҶһӱĳסˡ
֮Ҷα𺳣ΪӰжţΪͷųϢ΢üоˡ⼸оȴȻһֶĤݵĳ嶯
ҶΪҶͷţܹˣӰʩףǰǰô
ŻγɵӰǺЦףСӺܲ򵥰ôܰľɭŪˣҪ֪ⶫľɭԸ⣬ǰŪҲòⶫ
ЦǰľɭһܰѶȥǶҲǹˣأۿžҪľˣȴֻܵ쿴Ǻľɭǰ
ûҶ˵ף˵Դӱұע˻ѪûܹߵСޣҿ㲻ҵˣôᵽأԱߵǸŮޣѪˣûŮԽ
ҶβҵͰԼǰǰȫ˵ףˡ
ָҶ˵˵㱾дĴУһôֻľɭ͵ֻ֮У
Ҷεͷˣǰаԡ
ףͷûаԵģͳһҶҲ˵һСҶǰɣСҶܲܰҲ뵽ֻ֮аܵĻҲٹһ˵
Ҷε¶ΪѵɫôɣڵҶҪףߣҲûǸˡ
ҶνԼѴףЦ飬Ѳ˵ѪϾĶҸȡˡҪľɭǸһһҶѪϾѪǻһ˴ѵıӴ
˵ףܵ⿴һۣ˼ǣˡЦҪ˵ôҵЩֶΡ


1549 ֮
˵ţһҡΣֱֻ׵ëͼ֧ëڲͣתܿγһУΧĲľͷų뵵Ĺâȫӿ뵽м䡣
ҶοĿɿڴֱǿоΧĲľ̺ȫյԼڣеһƴ
ëֹͣתЩ뵵Ͼ͸Իλˡ
һĹǬܷʵ
ࣵһϱӣͼ΢΢ҶһͷϣҶξ͸оԼԺгǬĹʾ⡣
ҶΰǬΧǿʹóֻף뵽ֻ֮С
Ĺͷף͸Ҷһ˿棬棬ҲСףرҶΣûܹԿ֮ǰǲҪʹ棬ܹԼɻҵĳǿڡ
ףѾļʣһûмˡһһգľɭ֪
ҶκʼѰң˵Ѱң˵ΪãΪѪҲûκǿҵĸоˡ
˾ƾֱһȥ
Ҷ磬߸ʮûзֵĻǾ͵ͷȥ
ҶȻֵֹֹ˵ĸоһʵô£ôе㲻ͷ
ȻЩƣ˵Ҷ磬ôоȻȣ۰ͣڵϺú˯һ
ҶûͷԣһתһɵôһѾ˺飬ңϣһɹɢҶ˵ͻȻҶθоߵĿ쳣ĲһޱǿʶǵԼϮ
ָоСԲʱȻ޴ɶݵĸоһʱ䣬ҶθоԼһֻΰĸɽһ
Ҷƴһ˿֮ܣŭһԶźİľ޺У·Խʱգ쳹ء
ŭ𣬻֮ܣСӣôı£
Χǹѹʧˣһڴʱ˴еҶ磬иӦˣܹӦµѪӡˡ
Ҷû˵ȴǰһˡεԸľɭȻͬʵ֪˶ٱж˼Į
ղҪŭм֮ܣںڶԷѹ֮У˵˵ˣ⡣
ǰǰҶιķʵ
ףϣôľɭףĴУ㲻ҵˣһôĶиأ
Ҷֻöһ죬嶼վˣԱߵֱҪصĽࡣҶθϽȶһ񣬰Լľ˵һ顣
˲˰ΣѵһжôҸôŬȴֻͽô
ҶθоЩԣϽ˵ǰðǰңҲûǰһУǰ£ʹߡ
ðڰֵˣһжⰡҶΣ˵ɣЩ飬Ҳ˶ϵġ
ƽһ£͸ҶνԼĹ
ʵУöһΪԼ
ʱӦñΪ֮Ϊһ£˼Ϊ̵ĸ򡣲֮벻ͨǣкܶĴ﷨Ǹ߶ìܶǶͳһġ
޾£ֱҶΣһлȻΪ򵽵һУǷȱľһ֮ܡ
ĵĲֻ֣֮ܣܹͻһз򣬰Щ߶ȶͳһҪȻһûִֶεĿնۡ
Щ֮üи˵ĵط޾ʧ䡣ϾⷽͶ޾껪˳ԽľɭĸԼǣЩѾûκεˡ
ҶΣҲͻصֻ֮аɣҲһķ˵ҲڷУһи򡣡
ãΧһжָõǸ֮ƬҶκǰΪҵѪӡǣ¸㡣
ҶξҪʵ˵֮Ƭ
֮ƬʱҶȻоĲһɶδ֪ΣյĸоҶȻ뵽ѵǱ߳ʲôô


1550 ̯
ҹĻʹڼž֮УټĻʳУȻһӰǷ·ƾճֵһ㣬ðĻʳ˲
꣡
һĳݺݵشѲ߶ӳؿڣſٳֱӽԴ
꣡꣡
ոţ֮䣬ȴѲ߶ӣԼ
Ѳ߶ӣȫĨɱ
ĴУͬ
ȥţ׼룡һͺЩӰе˶ˣͬһɫļʸʹ֮С
ûжãһҽзʱʹ׵
죡˴ˣ
޹У껾ڵһʱڷӦ˹һùһԵսۣٵشϣһ˧д˷ŭ
н£һһŽɫ׵ĸߴ󽫾վ˳һѳǹ
һȥڽ׽ָ֮£ٵػָ
ڰ֮УӰܶһ֣ÿһγֶһɻҡ
ʹѾڰдһͺ𣺡ˣǰĿ껾޹ɱ
߱
ֵʱ׷ˣʲôˣȻôĵӸﶯ֣Ҫɱ˵ʵۣ
죡
һֻ̣ҪԴ¿˵ˣ׵˭
£ܹʵҰĵģҲֻж¼˰ɣ
ɫӰӿƽǵж¶֮һ˶ڿն𣬽ʹʵʵذ
ߣһĻ껾һûзϻ
ֱ˻ʹǰĹ㳡ϣеĽ
ʿǣѱˣ˹ңҪĨɱ껾дžԵϣΪʵ۵Ϣһȫڳ˶ס
ǻʼҵطĳ̶ֳܹҳ϶ȣԼʿ
֮ʣ쵨ıȨλɵ




һŭڿնʹڱ󷨵ĵֵ£Щû˿й¶ȥ
ڽʿߣɱۣ껾һͬһͷ˯ʨſѪڣ¶Ƿƥļ
𣡺
־˸
ʱһԶԶش·ǴӵصĶħһ
һ貵Ĺ⻪ٵ˹·Ҳûĵȥ
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ɱɱ֪ʲôˣ
ӰնӸµؿǸ׵껾ʥϡ
죡ΪʲôҪô޴ǲ껾ƺĶŭˣѵغ
֪ѱ˼ȵһ쵽ʱЩ̲סˡ

Ӧ껾һЦ·ʲôЦһ㣬ЦʹŴضѡ
һЦЩԭƱ˵ĽڲѾû֮ǰ޷ֵķâ
һҲ껾ݼ̫˰㵱һʵۣ̫ίˡ˫۾Ц
棡־ܣ޻Ըһλᣬ޲Ը۹ʧһǿ࣡껾һѹסŭôһ仰
ʵжףⲻһϷĶ֮ǰҪúõؽҿԷĵϸΪԼȡһϵĶ
ûЦһλᣬûҲȥ飬˭֪Ľ껾
껾֮ͲҪôװȥˣΪλᷴ㣬ȻΪ侲˵ŭȴ֮䴫˿
˫ɨһȦ˵Ҷ¼Ϊ۹Ϊľ÷չȥأȴСͷҪҶ¼Ĩɱ
Ҷ¼ûйͣҲĿͣȻ㲻ʣαҪҲ壡
껾һ棬¼Ұ·˽֪޶˵ʲô
ȻΪǾ͸ûбҪ˵ʲôˡɣǿ˭ֶθҿҰĻǿĻʵۣʲô£첻Ը˷ѿ࣬Ҷⲻһսʱöˡ
껾һӣɱ棡
ɱ棡
ɱ棡

˻һĶǵģıѾõսĻ
ɱͶɱ
һЦƽ


1551 
һ˲䣬Ӱǳɱһ̼Ѫɣ⻪˸ҫۡ
ǵ͵ߵɱڵϷĳţһҪȥʵնɱһȴҪȥɱ
ڷײ֮䣬ٵصţûñѪɺӡ
ɱ¾ѾʼеϢǿĹâڿնңңԡ
껾ȻĮվڵϣ΢΢ͷŶǱߡ
˴ŽףϢڣͬһս㣬бңңָŶԷ
ԱԽبŲսʽ
һصϢ¶ʮλǿڿգһںɫɴ֮£͸¶ɱ¾Ѫɫ
ȥɣһ㡣쵭˵г
˶ʮһǳԵơ
£ȥһ֮
껾һ࣬һλĿŭݵĽѾܲסҪٵسֽնɱˡ
˭룬껾ȴ΢΢ҡͷЦǺǵ˵ãΪ޵İλǷ𣿳һߣ˾Ҫʤȥɣ
Ȼһ仰ҲֻǵһЦۿš
¡
ʮ˿ٵײһ𣬰˴ûкҵĳɱǰضս󣬱ߴ߷أԻʹϢΪսš
һʱ䣬µʮλûȡʲôͻԵս
һλʵۣһλѱߣţ˭ٶ˵һ仰
գۼȥĲ֫ϱڵϲţʹİ̼ɱ
껾ҸһλᣬԸλĻҲһ·쵭˵ƺκ鶼ݡ
껾һЦ죬ʱ˵ֻ˼Ѳôʱ䣬㶼ˣ
㲻Ļʴ㲻ػѵĿôǰΪ˱ǿЦĻλ䳰ȷҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪ˵ֻǾʱҪ˵㶫ý
ǰ˴ֻ·һΪܵˣûôˡ
죬Ц껾ƲƲͣôһ仰㲻ˡ
ðɣǾҸЦһɡͷϳˡ
ıԭǿһĿռڣȻͻȻ¶ӰŰɫϢ¡
ֱ㶵رӻȥ̼ǳɱһ
껾΢΢Ծӻ˺öģû뵽ߣȻҲǿĴڡ˿ɶܹ󽫾ʵĴڰ
׼㹻֣ϸҲ㹻࣬ҵ߾У껾۽΢΢һź֮ܿе֣ȴĵһ
һɼΪ΢Ĳݳȥ
Ǻǣ껾ѾܲסڲŸոտʼҪҰˣȻڣǹгģ껾ŭڡ
껾Ҫ˵ɾʱһɼΪΣյĸоȻ
ãˣ껾д󾪣Ҫȴˣֻת
أ
һСذ׺ݺݵشĺĴذ˸ŴĿɫ⻪ȻǱ˾綾
ϧ˶ҺذױһɫĹ⻪סˣⲿУƶֺ
껾Ȼתǿǳ֮˰ѳֲסֱɿذס
ǰϤ֮ˣ껾ǳ鴤˼£˵㣿Ȼ㣿ȻҪɱңΪε껹Ҫ޲սΪ޵±һ
Ƕ֮˷ЦһؽϵȻ֮ǰߺҪǰæĽ
һ˫֮бݶߣѾڵһ
һɣ껾ǲ⣬⽫Ĺϵ˵㡣
ڵһĻʵ޷⡣ԣôҪһɡ
ʮǰҾһʮǰ㾹ȻӲڣ÷δ޸ۣȻʬ𼣣ǲ㣡ɫ̫õܣл˵˳
껾һ㶣ϸһ룬ʮǰƺôһ飬Ǹ⣬ûɱˣǱջģ
˵ʲôѾˣ껾һЦתŶ죬ֶΣһ־Ȼô֮ǰͲúˡ
Ҫɱ㣡
Ա⻪һиӰдѪҺ䡣
ϧ̲á껾΢΢ҡͷƷû˿ͬġ
ֶ֣̾ҲıһڣˣǵӦְǺǣ˵ܿϧأҶξȻĻıҡ
ţǺǣ죬㲻ͬ޻һ·ȴֻͬһ֮·껾Ȼ˵ʲô
ʼν˵ΣΪóΪƷһĿģ
ʲô껾ɫһ䣬ȻŤͷһԵһλߡ


1552 
Ԫ֣ӥʵۣպա
ΪΪĵĴڣ껾÷ŭͲ˼š
ôǲǾúܳԾ֣ӥһЦƵ¶һĨЦݡ
껾ʵͺһ˲֣һƺݺݵĳ
أ
һƽʵʵش֣ӥϣֱӽӴɢˡ
Ǻǣ㻹̫˰֣ӥڰ֮УЦؿ껾
Ϻ꣬ɲûкô飬˵ɣʲô
֣ӥ·ѵһ㣬˶͸¶һа˵վǻϵģϷ츳ޣ
ôǲǺģȻô˱㣬ָоǲǺܲܣһЦ껾ģ˵ˬ졣
껾һ΢΢ҡͷһֻ̣һΣʧԭء
꣡꣡꣡
һƬ⽣Ӱ֮껾صԭλãվʮУֻ˻վš
˭ܹ뵽껾ȱ仯֮Ϊ˱ٴγͽȻĸնɱʣµɫᣬк˸һǱ˿ܵĴڡ
žž
֣Цǹݣݰһĸףû˿Ĳ𡣡
˶٣첻޺Ц˵˵ʵɱЩˣĸһҵ˶ûУ
֪ΪʲôҪ֣üͷһȻе㿴͸һˡ
껾ʼ˵ΪʲôֻǾó˿ܣûһˣֵš
Ҳָоֻһûôĺ첻̾
ǺǣΪζ¼ɲ˻ʣ껼ң껾ЦһȻ̽һźڲӳ˵С
ɫȻһ䣬ӱȥ
һ̣һ͸Ĳݹȥ·ϵ֣ӥĶͷ¶һѪɫĿ
ԭվĵطѾһƬˡ
飿ɫѿ⼣ӦþǻյĽӽǿˡ
벻ôȥˣô󡣡侲ȴûжٻš
⣬ҪûеȻǲܵġ
ðɣȻĶ鶼ˣҲͲˡͷһΣһԲ֣ɫ͸¶һӱ䡣
껾ҲǸʶˣɫʮѿ˼£벻쵰Ȼ˼塣
ԲΪȦųܹסǿڣȻǺųƣȦҲȥ
ꣿǺǣֻǸʶʱߣңҲ㲻ʺϵʵۡЦǺǵ˵Գһλˡ
껾һ޵尡壬껼Ҷ棡úУƫƫҪ
ߣС쵰ٸҷϻҵĻλȻҪ겻м˵ѹûн껾С
껾ͷһƯǰĶ飬ðɣǾͿʼɣ˭Ц󣡡
ˢ
˲һֵ̳ʱ򣬾ȻѾߡ
ɫ䣬ѾȦ׸˶ʾ⣬ѾûʲôʵֵܹסĹƾΪӲȴҲֻˡ
أ
ģһâ֣Ӳؽ˶ĹȦ
껾ĶңӵȦңǿЦһ˵Ҫ껾ŭ
껾ãֱ˵֡
ȫϢһģ壡ҳɣ

ţŭ𣬴λһɹɾϢ˲佫ʹ
ɫ΢䣬ǿĴڣѹû˵
ߣصĶͦģаһ˫ӹ⻪˸ѣ֪ٿʲô
⻪ֱ䵽껾ԣĸߴԶˣɫװţĴڡ
۾ɴһЩҡҡͷԭˣ껾ĵӵȷǹģȻЩָڣ
ˣǿĴѹͲˣǣһܡ
һֱڽţǿ֮𾪲ѣսϵƸǽڽڰˣо֮˵Ŀ㱻ˡ
ŵ룬һϢھ˳Ϊ˻ǿսֱ֮Ͻ䣬ǱֶĴڡ
ֻǺܿĿͱֹˣΪĶԿƣɱ̫ǿҪΥ⣬׳ܲСĳͷ
ڿЩĳ֣ˣû뵽껾Ѿȥ̶ֳȡ
ǺǣôѾҵ˿ǵķӣֻҪܹʤ㲻Ҫģ˭ܹЦ󣬲Ǹ껾ϵЦ¸֣ǿĴͬĹһ㣬ƴӣֽ֮Ƴ˿ܣǵӦˡ


1553 
һĻĳ֣öԾСҲǳԾѡ
ȥɣҾɱһҪ껾ĿغߴӰȮٵس˳ȥ
ʮɱߣȥҷǣ쿴һ۲෽֮ʮǿٴγֱ֣ӳɱһסˡ
ˣϷˣ껾ɱɡҪˡŵ˵Լĵƻ껾һš
£Ȧֱ껾
ɣشһ껾뷢Ʈɣŭ
첻ٷϻһȦҲˡ
껾ҲʾʼؼƵƵ֣ѪĴ߷֮±˵
ȦȻǾһɣһЦһ˳껾չӿ񱩵Ĺ
껾ɫһ䣬æŲԶĻҳԱң
λҳԱһ⻪սһ
սԽˣ˫ҪԱȫˣһʱذò֡
أսѾ˰ȻĵزǶҲã껾ҲգеĵƱһŵƿۿҪɽˮĵز
ʱ껾һѾԽˡ
ǿ󲻽ǸƣҪյľ࣬ʵǿᡣڻʹڿյһЩӱûκεϵ
ǸıԶǵļһ˸Ͳ֪ڻʹ󷨵ߣָһ󷨣ߴذֻҪǸûбƻͲ֪
ģĵҽ껾ɫһ䣬ŭŶ죬쵰Ķޣ
ǺһЦ˵ΪҲֻ֪Ҫ㱳ŻʹصأԴԴϵصõ䣬ҪɱɲǼ׵顣ԣֻɱұˣ
껾ɫѣ˲ʧȥ֣һ˲зϣѾûжսøӲҵˡ
ãããܺã껾غһ˿ջǵͺһȻҪ޾ͳȫ㣡
ܵüͷһ壬غܣѲһﻹʲôصĵƣѵҶǸСҪˣ
ǵģҶʱǿĻҲûа취ⳡս䶨ˡҶô׳ģڵĳ̶ˣҶҪĻӦóˡ
ңȥЩˣټϸְţҶҪҲס
ҵҪ㻹ʲôֶΣɱɱҲŭˣ໺ţﻹһݵ
껾һзջأֳɽָĻ¡
͡
ѪҺٵţգ۵Ĺ㽫껾µظȾˡ
ȻòһĪΣҲڣ껾ԴӿʼûԶǸط
йŹ֣
¡
ʱһը죬˶һʶ̧ͷȥȴ˶ֻᣬһƬ
֮ãԶޣʳѪΪãѰɣ껾쳤ХϵѪ˲ʧ˴롣
ˡ
ţ껾µĴزѣ·ʲôѹ
죬غܣⲻܣǸˣôڣ
ߣ֪̫ˣ껾ߵŶ·ڿһˡ
໡
һŭ˵˼·˫ǱֹܵͣսԣؿǸҪ껾Ķ
꣡꣡
ؼԽƵˣƺҲǸˡ
ޣɣ껾ٴ˵ɳ
໰
һ̣껾Ȼգ¾ȻһȻ֡
Ӵаɳʮɸߣ껾վǿ˶Դ֮ϣǸССϡ
⡭ôܣͲܿƵޱȣ෽֮£ѾȷɶˣȴȻˡ
ƻȫĴˡ
껾ɫŤ죬Ҫ껼ңҾ㣡
ߣѾˣ޳ΣþͳԶ˵Ὣ˳ԸɾģиӲѣԴתţŷӡ
ಡ
Ȼһ⻪ӻʹĸɽϳն껾ı
һ뷢׵ߣĮ˵¼Ѿ䵽ֵز𣿿ѾûдڵıҪˡ

껾Ц׳գôΪһַûпƵİգôû޳
ʱһжˡ
ˣҪ˵ɱ˵ǰ׷һ㣬һ޷ĹâֱӿƵǻ
ֵĸϼһ׷׳֣ǻĵƣֻڻΣʱŻ֮֡ǰһֱй۲쵽״̬껾ûٻǡȻûгıҪ
ǳںɽ֮ûٻҲ޷
ͬǻӣǻһӡ


1554 
䣡
޿ǿµĲӣһһӡؿţÿһڵһµĽӡ
˲ɢͬһոĻٵɱţһ뵽ɵسԵˡ
ۿڻұԵĲˣе̲סˣһӣֱӶŻ޶ˣǲĶ֣վҪһԵġ
䣡
һƥĹ嵽˻޵ϣһ𻨣ûдƶԷƤ
໣
һǶһɤӣǿҵĳʵʵĹݺݵײ˶ϡ
ǶΪ죬⸲ޱȵĹҲЩġ
һ˲䣬ˣҲЩˡ
ãǳã죬޾Ϳ㻹ʲô£ܹ껾ٴеķζ޷Ρ
⻪˸ѣƺڶŵ׸δˡޣĽƺԺˡ
ʱڻޱλߺȻһȻΪе˷Ӧ
ˣ
컵һЦ⻤޿ҪƵģƾһ껾ûãֻҪܹӵĸߵù⣬ֱӽ֮еһնɱǾͺ˵ˡ
ǺεĿ䵽λߵϣЦĲòѡ
ʱ򣬷˶ʵ뷨껾죡ֻҪڣͱ룡
ƾ㣿Լһ¶ˣһĳȣȻڳ
껾˵ֱӴǻչϬĹ
һ߷һ룬ǻʹķΧʼܡ
һĹ˫˭ûа˭ôţ껾ƢѾ˼ޣʱʱضҪˡ
λ߶һۣ׷ҡͷѾ껾ȥΪҪƻ޵ˣ껾ս뵽ߣڵĸָ껾Ӱǳһ̶ϣ껾ʧȥ侲ͬҰһ
껾ĸԽ󣬶Ի޵İԽǿλҪƵĻҪķѸ
ԽԽλ̲סˣֱӶ껾ʰ죬޷̫ãҪ޷֮ǰʰ죬򻤹ޱᱩߣʱһж군ˣ
껾һɤӸࡣ
䣡
ҵıը껾صʵ֮УѪ֮һǿ˻޵ʵ
ʵʱļӱ㽫һֱռϷĶĵ˵ϡ
Ӵٳ˹ȥֱӽɣ¶ϵһκۼ
ߣ죬Ҳн죡껾ʧʱ˵س˼䣬ȴָûеõʲôӦ
ѵһʱĶ죬ɱˣ
һţ
һŲȥص£ʹռض¡
껾Ȼɫһ䣬ҪѵʱȴֶӰѾλߵ
ǺǣҪɱңôףҶζô׵ɱңοǣ첻м˵ֻӳһƥײˡ
æԷͬʱƶܹλǱˡ
꣡
һѪһλˣ
໡
ʱǻƺǸܵʲôȻ
죡ƻޣҪȻ˶ͷߴغﻹüȥǶ졣
һ⻤˿ƣˣܶôţʹʳǣǱˡ
ޱôͷеŭԹ޷ѹˣһĻᣬ˭޷ư
λٴ֣Ƶȣǽްһ¡
Ҳôһ£˴ѪĻʵǣѾָԭĸ߶ȣټ껾Ѫ֧ţȫʵˡ
ֻǣ⻤Ҳǻۣһ֪࣬ղŻǻᣬҪȵ˶ƣʱڱ
ڣᵽˣ
ҲȥˣӺݺݵһϵļ⳨껾ֱ˳ȥ
껾һؿԽԽԶĻޣȻȥ
һ̣ϵȫѿ
껾ŤͷһƣλߵǲҵѪӿһٵȥֱ㶵شӰеȥ
ͨͨ
λƻ޵߾ݺݵˤ˵ϣ֪
⡭ôܣ껾ɵˣζû뵽֡
껾ؽԴת˶죬ֶԷҲһ죬û뵽޻׵ֱӵأȫ˿ơ
ȫƵĻޣʱóˣȻһԸ⣬ǰѾɲˡ
ˣˣѶں
군ˣ
˵Ժжðô֣һޱȵһǿޱȵľޣѾΪ˶֡
껾ɫ԰ֽΡΡţҶΣʲôʱܻ


1555 ĵ۹
ĵǲֻķչѾԶԶԤϡ
һһһ˻󣬻ȻһҡΣܵߵǰǲѾ޸ɵˡ
ĸܻ޵ȻʵǳĴڣĻ޵ķȴκ鶼޷ġ
껾ȫˡ
ȫ쵽ǹϸɲܰЩϱҽȥ
˭֪£г˵ͼͱ޸׷ϣȫ̵ɱ¾ֱɱɣȻһޱȲ̵ĿɨѾĳˡ
ȫһʱ䣬ޱ֣ƺƴıңȻ˹ޱȵļžû˶ŵļž
޴ϢſеˣȻһһ˵Ľǰݺһײ̾ͻϣĲˡ
ҷͷܣܳһһ껾
껾Ļе껾һֱŲͬķȥܹ֤ӳȥΨһЧǽڻ޿Ͼͷ׷һϵġ
ȻбӵˣܹһɾϮţҲ޷֪ˡ޵ȫˣŶе˷˹
Ż޵һɱ¾ңж£˻޵Ľ¡
껾ͶˣȻ޵ļѹ֮£һ
ɫص껾ѵžô
껾ŶĻл̲סʵ˼ǻѵķ˵
ǵʱ˵仹Ǳ˴˲¼ɣ˴˱ôһ㡣
һ˵ڣΨһܹʰҾֵģҲֻҶˡҪа취絽ҶεĻϿһһȻȫ
껾һ˵Ǻãȶһ£ƸϣҶκһҪͨȻ˭Ż
ã磬ȶһҶţ߿£ʵѾиֹԮˣֻҪܹסǾͶлȥϣ
껾ͳһƣ϶߶£óʮġ֪Լѣ϶᲻һйԮȵģǣҶιܹΣôҲ޷Ը޵Ļֻǰװ
ʱ켸Ǻ껾ʲôѵҲĹĲҲô
仰Ǻɱģʱ껾ԥĻô껾ֻܱһΣѹͷҳϲڲ˵λáһ껾ӳ죬Ҳɢˡ
껾һգˣǾʾƣֻҪ飬֮ܳصӵյƴϢ
ʱ򣬶Ȼ껾ߣһƣ껾Сϡ
·ͻȻ껾עûУ϶ʵ껾͸оһȫһȻûе£ȴҲ᲻ֵ
㣬㡭㾿ʲôô껾ȻһУԷ˵ԼʱͼƻˣĻҲͲ˵ˡ
˵껾㹻ݣΪȨȻó˻ĳǿڡڣ㿴ľӢһأһǵôĵ۹ӽˡԼ͸ܣ
껾ԣѾԼ飬ܣлҺͶһɱߣǱ̤ˡ
ڣЩʯȫٵˣۿţȻҪˡ
Ц껾㿴һУⶼԼһɵģ޲ðٲŽޣ۹һĵ۹ɣһҶӦܹҪҲڻ޽£һоͶˣ
˵ţȴԶĿյϣһ⻪Ȼɫһٺ٣Ҷֻͨϵˡ껾һﱻ޲ĽְԽ
ŶŭһââתۼͬһһʧˣʧҲʧˡ
껾ƵʱѾȫ֮ƬˣʹһڵΪת˲䵽һԽΪĳǿߡ
ֻ弫ȶûҶǿ壬ҶֻԼ֮
ȶʱ򣬽յ껾ʾõϢϾͣ˵ҶθϿȥԮ
Ҷ֪껾һǳ˴ˣǹϵĶĴ鰡Ҷû˿ԥôֻϽϵ껾
ǰľѾȫҶεԤϡҶ뵽껾ͶһֻᷢΪ𺳵ײôҲû뵽ⳡôҡ


1556 շ
֣֣ôˣҶβһĵĻ껾
껾жǼʧ飬Ҫ˵ƻһУ껾ȶҪѹöģΪеһУʲЩʲкܶĶӡǿɶ汲İ
ҶҪʹȴȻоһ̩ɽѹһѹȸСѹȸУһǸԼصļһһȻһĸо
ͼǸƲˣҶ˹
ÿһ涼Ȼ죬ͷ·ǵ˵⶯һ㡣
ҶһŭԼʶȫͷųѻΧģҶζһǿ˼ɣϣܹþưһȫ
۹޾ȻһЦͼ͵һҡԴҶεʶԷʶûнȥ޾ͳ嵽Ҷεǰ
һ죬Ҷαײ˰ٶɣײļ̵ķݲſͣ
ɵ࣬Ҳ̫ˣѵҵľ־ôÿƵôѾ޾ˣһֱܿƣҲһֱŶԿƵķڣ˭Ҳˣ۹
㾿ôܲһ£㹻Ĳ뿪ɣҶŸһúýһ£ƴҶεǲ£һĻʹˣеȫˣɾ뵽˳׵Ķ֮С
ɵ࣬ҶٲܹҼĹ񶾵ķסҵ˼άҪɱ¾ȴǲɱ¾ĻᡣΪľҪڻҪʱͨɱ¾˵ʲôܹʵ
Ҷһüͷ֪񻤹ĳޣҪѪԼܵ衣һʱ䣬Ҷθо⼬֡
Ȱ㻹סְɣȻĺܲҵġ֪˺ܴ˺ҪϧԼôҶŬ
زû˵ʵжԼһҶα˹ﲻϴ磬۾ײеĿ⡣
ϱҶΪܹһɱ˻ޣѴûʹùĶϱ˳
ɲǼ䣬Ҷεұ̫ͬ緢һҫŲֱӵĹâҶεϣһɭɭսȻֳ
˲䣬Ŀռ·ȫסˣʱҲ·ͣһʱΣ˰ѱɭɭս·ûбĴˡ
ء޷˳˻ӶϱϸеһԿϣƺԼֻҪΥǹϣԼͻ뵽״ĿѵС
󣬵ѵͶôѵҪʱŻеôҶ˵仰Ǹ˺ܴ£ǰѶϱֱķѵҪҶˡ
ϱҶεУͷ·һɽһأϱҶεĸоϵģңھϣҲҶޱȵƣС
Ҫ֪ҶεʶޱǿģͨսУֻԽԽǿָոհѱľƣҶα˵û붼󲻵
񻤹ĳ״ڣһ˵дһĴڡŻ᳤ӣҶ֪һȥ޾ͻӴ˾֣ٸһĻᡣ
ǣΧĿռ俪ʼ϶ϱҶε΢΢ÿһ£ϱΧռ·Ҫһĸо
ͨһ֫ŵأ۾￴ҶΣɫ֪ڶԷһıǰԼֻ·ѡ񣬻ǳ
ҶͷѾһĺˮû뵽ϱǸ޵׶һûʹãͰҶεͿˡ
ƴЩģʶҶͷųһʶڻ޵ʶһӡһУҶθϽѶϱ˻
һҶˤڵأҲһ˲ع鵽ҶεԺСһʱ䣬Ҷ;ƿݵĸоΧһУеľһ翡
Ҷ磬ôˣҶӣָϽҶεߡ
û¡ڽ£ҶΰֵùˣȫľͲµģֻҪһжˡ껾Ǳô㻹ȿɡ
껾ҶЩܲõӡ󣬾ƾû޲ϧһԸ˵ĵ·⡣ΪȨһЩǳֶΣǣĵ۹ע
Ҷȥ껾Լת滤ޣ֪ܵ˺ܶĥǣ㲻Ϊһоʹɱ¾ղֻҪϱǰһ㣬ͳϣΪ䡣
Ҷǰ˵ˣлɱ֮ӽԸڡ
Ҷ̾ϢҪ˵ĥѣҲǲ⣬Щ飬һ֮䣬ͻޱߵҲظң߾߰ɣ㾭ôʱѹƣҲһɵˡ򲻿
ȴ˵ˣѾ˵ˣԸңϧ


1557 
ڻ˵ҶεĲɱ֮ȷʵޱȸжġеȫѵһ̣оҪɱ¾ҪֻһмϵĿѡ
ǾҶεĻģϱֻҪǰһ㣬һоͶˡԷûһ·ݶ飬ͬ졣
⣬Ҳ֪ҶԼʶʶӣԼʲôҶζһֻҪǴɱ¾λ˻ǻΪʶڣ޾ӵҲûá
ĵӣλߣֻҪڴߣ飬Ҳлء
ҶοޣоĳҲ£Ҳȱڣͬˡ
Ҷһ˵Ҳ˲ܹȫֲʱ㣬ö֮ĻΣû֣ͽޣ̫ƽΣ
Ҷβתͷ䣬ȴ껾һ˵ҶκȻʶԼôţ껾ļɻ䡣
껾ڽӴҶεϾͰŲ˵ʵȷʵǶҶô˵Ĺ⻤飬ҶԽˡ
ת˳У껾ͷʱ˵סҹһսӢʧѾ֪ȥȻɱһ鶼ޣˣȴкܶǳԴ
ţ˵Ҷ磬ֵ嵽ôˣվվ
Ҷߵ껾ߣʶ껾ôһ̽飬ҶεϾ͸ֳʮѿɫ
ٸвΡΡ˵ôҶ磬ô
ҶصͷһأǷǳأ¸껾һ¡
԰³£껾ϣɢӨӨĹâ͸껾ڣǣ껾ȴǲ˿ĺת
Ҷ̾껾ǲǱˣ
껾һҶμȻ˵ôǾ˵ҶҲ޲ˡ껾ǿ򶨵ʱ򣬶һơ
ҶҡͷǡĹʮֶأҲʮֹ죬һƣĶ껾ڸеľȻôָס껾ǣǡ
껾Բһ֪ҶԷ飬ղܹڣظ£Ѿûκε֪ˡ
껾ǿеĿ־壬þƽ͵˵ʲô㶼ֱӸҰɡ
䣬Ȼŵ֮ò˵껾Ҳһ
Ҷγһ˵޴󰭣ǴӴԺᣬҪչӣˣӦл˰ɡ
껾ʱһ㣬չӣǲ˵зôӣѵԺҲˣʲôܱĴ껾أ
Ҳɵˣ˵Ҷ磬˵Ĳİɣ֪а취ģһа취ġѻֵƸκãҾǵţҲҪġ
ûҶ˵껾죡Ϊҹ޿ģɺͳҲҪΪѣܸγʲôγʲôɡ
Ҷ̾ϢһڣȻôָ껾ƣҶοϣһЩ֮ܣܵȴ޷޸껾˺ڸ
ϾǺʹͬͬԴŲµصĹܻܹ֮ͻƷ򣬵ȴ޷ıƻ
ˣɫѾʳǵĽҲһͻ˶õϰ½
껾޷ϢΪҪ֪ص˶ʧ
ʧϱ껾̩ɽǰ治ɫˣɫȻˡ껾Ļң׻ɾĹǸɣһҲǲȫˡ©֮㣬ҲӵԶˡ
ң껾յһϢڶ췢ѵʱЩйϸĻҳԱҰ껾ĻʺһŮȫնɱڣ껾ᵽ˹¼ҹ˵ζˡ
ڣ껾Ҫľȶס棬ѾˣҪٲӦԵĻľҪˡ
껾Ҫһǿİ֣֣Ҫ϶ȱ껾Ҷ̸ʱ򣬾˼ڣ껾ٹ˼ҶεʵҲֻܰҶηŵλˡ
ҵĻ壬Ϊնݳ껾ĻȫնɱڻԣûԣΪȨ˵ݣǸӣҲԥġ
껾ҪѹһУҲ¹ףʱԾͰҶ˻ʵ֮µĵһѡλá
˭Ҳû뵽껾ҶβһԺյλͷΣҶξͿԵӣƽϢҵĻһ
ʵ֤껾ڴϻǺһ׵ģΪҵȫԺյҶûͷΣǴЩʱ򣬾ͻкܶ͹˼ɡ
껾İţҶαܾģǣ껾ʵ˿ãľ¹磬ǿͷΡ


1558 ϲ
Ҷδ껾ͼʱ껾ȻһʥּʥּɲǵҶεģǸġ
ʥּʵһݶּҲһϲּʵҪǰҶΡ
ʥּ޵ơһͻһסġȻסԾ͹һڵʽ
ϾйңӰǳ֮껾⵭˻Ҹ֮ìܣҶ˻ʵ֮Ķȡ˶λãǴΪ
ӴʾʥּҶѾҽϵһˡɾԲһƲ磬Ϊ˵飬Ҷοüްһļ塣
Ҫһ껾ۼҶʹó飬ȰҶ˵
ҶھϣȴƵʮָɾһеѡˣȫϱ껾Ҷξ껾˰¡
ʵڲǰ취Ϊʵ̫ˣγһȦӣؿʼʱҲǾŶȨʵҪӴ֡ΪԽԽ˱˼Ժ顣
Ҷ껾ûнᵳ˽ģֻҪ껾껾һ쵽ϢѻĹҲ޷ȫ갡
껾ʾҶΣԴǴһЩ˹ҶҽѣڳһһʱҾߵļơ
ܹ˨סҶһʱнһ찡ȻãϾ˼ҵӣҪߵģҪһߵĻ껾߾ûˡ
껾ѪҶβٰ˻ҶҲǹ˼ڻ֮º󣬲ʽ껾ԼҪǣҶļҡ
Ҷε껾һҲûд𸴡ҶҪʹһУȴ껾üαܶ
ֹһ£Ҷٴʱ껾ҶԼһ˵ʹԼ
ϤңϤˣһеĳһģһֻЩ˻ˣǹȥ˲һ꣬޳׺ɣһĸо
껾ֱߣһʥּʥּʽǾشҪʽ
Ҷν΢΢ɨһۣ㹧껾ʩ˾ȻվĹأʵʵվ껾ǰ
껾˫ĿвѪ˿Ҷһյʱ䣬Ż˵ɣ죬ܲѵ˵Щ
Ҷγһ£˵ԣǰﲻйһκܺõĽ̸ôԶѡô˵Ҷ˼Բ˼ϡ
ԲҶζ˲̹ϣ껾ȡġôļҲѶƵǰֵķϣ껾Ҳ䵽ز˵յĶ껾ҪϵΡ
˳Ĭһ껾ȴ˳ĬҶεЩʼһң֪𰸣ϣ˵ʵģ֪ԼĽ޴ҪԸһշ޵ˡʵıңΪʲôôأ
ҶοЦһ˵껾㻹湻ֱӵġΪ˶һ˾ߵȨô
껾һȤԴ˷ܵ˵˵㵽ôģԱѪȡҶ֮ôͷ뷨ңҿԸоǾû֮ĵģһ˼Ҫ㿪Ƿ֮ء
ҶκȻƣ̬̾˵ѵ㲻̫ôôӴһ۹ĵ۰
껾˵˼仰ԺǺǺǣ۹Ȼۣǣ۹Ǻ޾ԴĺƾЩԴ޷ܣѵô
˵껾˷ˣҶһ⣬ΪȺǡľ֧ȻҲ֧ʱٹ˷ΣܹȥǻΪıĿˣͿö֮ȡҶ֮ˡ
Ҷ˵֮ĹȻɲ⣬ΪҵҪ龫ԼףҲϣҵĺ껾ǿ껼ľ棬ѵδҵľô
⼸仰ʹ껾ǰµĻҵôʲôãȨģֻһˣ˱ȫѪģĹ¼ҹˣи飬飬һҪԼȨˣҪ
ʮǰ껾Ͷһһǧžĵ䷶ڣҼһȫûɱ¾ڼеһУΪеȨܵв
Ȩ»صУǸ߶ȼеȨǣĴҲ̫ˡ߶ȼеȨôȹ̣Ϊ֧Ȩĵ۹мᣬѾˡ
Ҫ½һȹ̵Ȩףô׵飿ǧ׵һ󰡣ܹµģҪʱŵһ۹ʱôںҶ˵ʱҲļѾѻɽˡ


1559 Ů
ľƣʱȶġʵûãδ޴ҶΣⷽ棬ҳɡ껾۾·˵λһ˵
껾ǰ˳Ҷرܶرܲˡ
һ£Ҷ˵ѿвٻԼѡȡ֮ˣΪӦǿԵİɣ
껾۾ҡͷЦѪԵϵѾ̫ԶˣϵȫڣȥĻ壬ҲһƶѣǵƤģ˭ųôԶЩˣ»ûұۣıλˣҲǡ
ҶΪˣ껾ѾзˣˣеĻǻʲô취أ
ʱҶκȻо껾һЦЦ۹⿴ԼҶԸо껾ԼϡǣԼһŮô֣ҲֲԼɡ껾ǳԶԼӣûио
껾ϻЦЦ飬Īһʵˣмˣ
ҶһѾˣѵһǶﺢӵ⣿
껾ѵõķһĴЦֱߵʥּʾҶιãɣһеİţˡ
ҶκȻֺܲõԤУҲûа취ֻðʥּӹ򿪿һҶβ㾪°͡
⾹Ȼһλʥּд껾Ѹ£ԼλӴԺŮʣӴԺĻλ̳УѭŵճӼ̳лλĴͳ
ҲҶкݺݱ˾ֿڣҶû뵽껾ȻܹôԼѾΰҵսϡ
ϼ޻ϼ޻껾ָԼЦҶΣôҲû뵽һһְɣ۰ãҲΣѵʱվһߡѴλʹ찡
껾Ҷһ࣬ӿˣҶΣ㲻ӲôڣŮˣҿôӣǻʺˣϿ°Ůʱ´򹤰
Ѿ껾ĶϷˣԵ쳣ģʺɲ㲻ˡŮʵĵճӣ̳գΪ𣬹ҶΣΪԼźӷܶôϻһɥడˣʥּϰ䲼Ѹ¡
껾ߵӣϴҶʥּȥѸˡ
һȫˣͦѾ΢΢¡ĶӣҪŮʵλá껾Լӽ껼ѾزͿûʷĳˡҶθҲܹȥ
껾ľ쳣ģگ䲼û죬Ͼ͸м䣬ƶϾͰȨȫӸ
Ҷδʱ״̬ţ״̬ݡҪţһͣһҳϣһ׸ƴ
껾ת˻壬еȫ˦ŮʣŮʱнĸˣеĹֻҶˡ
ʱͷΣȫʵһеľ£ȫҶˡ
Ӧ˵껾ʮֹģһУҲ¸ҵһҪȶͱҪһţ˻ܹάѪˡ
ҶιȻŮĺܻлѪͳġ䱧ų¹׹䣬лѪ﷢
ڣɲҶβóʮֵľɻˣʵϾ͸һеȨһеĴСڶҪþ
ܲˣԼźӵģǽҪ̳գҲԼĹѪ
Ҷμеǲȫҹˣĺ͸ɳƽͳӡҲһѧԺ˲š
ҶһֻʣǧԶҶζһ룬ɲˣܴҳϵĵ¡
ĦĽȫĻĳԺϣҶζûзŹ
Щ˲ŹһӴĵ۹ԶԶġҶһģǾѧԺѧԱҲ˹Ǿӵĸӣĸ˾һԭ򣬸ҺúõĸɣҺݺݵظɣ
ܿ죬µһ쵼Ӿ˳ΡϣĺΪ׵Ĺټܹͨĸְܹˡ
Ҷص˾ӽ棬ɳƽΪͳ˧Ͻž뼯žĽƹɳƽְƽʱĻ´Ϊ
뼯ž֮⣬ӻԱΪеĸžֱǵһžļžͳ˧ֱǸҶεľɲĦĽ
ھӽϣҶһֱǿǾߣҶҲòһЩΪʵ̫ˣһ
Ҷξžȡߣһĸ֣鿼ֻ࣬Ҫܹ쵼ЩλΰĹǿԵġ
ҶΣǹˣȫ۳˹ڸڳչʱ򣬺ܲгˣĦϣ˺Ȼ


1560 
Ҷ϶ȫľ¹ƣȨʱ򣬲У»ҴڲȻӡ
У껾˺ܺõãԵȥݽ껾˵£ĽҶλ䡣
Ҷɳ˵ԱĦ¼ϸĵ顣ϢܿͷˣĦʵҵ֧һȨҲա
ȨѾмʷˣͳҵķ֣ĦҲǷˮ
һֱĦʮ˳ӵġһֱ˶ִԺĦȻ͸ͳұ˾롣쵱ʱͬ껼͸ĦԸ߶ȵȨ
Ӧ˵ĦȨжġݲõõϢ췢֮ǰĦ磬Ħ˻ֹ쳣ȫʵʩϵ
ڶԺһвӵĦϣܿ죬ĦĹٷַ˼Ĺٷ
вûб껾ȴǰеìͷȫָҶΣ˵ҶδţΪԼıȨɻʵ껾ΣʼżӢ졣
Ϊ˹ȫ֣һãȴ룬ѾҴ׵ҶξȻƻʵ껾Ȼ˶ּ
ҶɵС֮ϾͰìͷָң¾˻ʵ껾
Ҷһٱƹ֮£껾Ѱλô˳ָĵճΪϷ̳ˡ
ҶκɥĹŮΨмеַָܹ֮ͬǬ
ĦΪ껼ҵĺᣬӦַС˵Ĵ죬ϣУ֪ܹվַҶκ
еԣҶΰĺͣɳƽ껾ȫһӦӦԡ
˶оЩ֣Ħ¼һ˷ˡ껾жϣĦЩȨԶףǾԲôˮƽġܵһĶⳡˡ
ĺ˵ҿӦµľ棬ӦǹΪϣЩɧҷӣṹǳӣҪԵӲӣҲƻҡڷӣʱ׼ѱһˡֻҪǴʩõֶ֮ǲġ
Ҷεͷǰñ֮Ϊϣη¹ǡĺͣȥеĶȫγӰϣҪɢĦ򣬻Ҫɢÿһȥ
˵Ҷγ⣬ڶԵϣҪԿΪΪֻҪܹ;֪ģһɲ׷ҪִԲģ׵ģһҪܵĳͷ
ĺҪߣҶνסĺͣУһҲвܵǣģ԰Щó˵Ȱһ;ֻ֪Ҫܹȣ֤ȫžۡ
ĺͣҶɳƽ˾ӵɳƽظֱ֤žܹһս
Ҷһ˵ϵʮֱžҪԺʮʵսʱƣʱ׼
ȫ´˷׷ȥ껾ѵ򣿡
ҶЦڣĦǲҲˡһܣ˭֪µĻĸأɱһ٣绹˭ĵָӰ
껾ǾҶε뷨ģһǿʳĵطûѪǱķġ
껾ЩĵĦ֪ǧϺ󱸵ŵһЩװмǧʹŶʮʮţЩд˰ɣ
ҶЦЩҶöˣͷУͷɣֻҪסԣˣȮѡ
껾һ֪Ħжôʵ죬ѵܰĦȫôֻҪһ©֮㣬Ǿ̰֮֮
ҶЦ޷һص鱨ϵͳĦеһУѲҵƿء
ˣ껾Ҳ˵ʲô̧ԼȥŮʵӣڱ̥е鶼Ҷһֲٰ졣
Ҷε껾ߺݷԼĸ߼Աᡣ
鱨ҶָϳĦһˣңҪĦӰԶʲôλá
Ҷθһ£һУҶҪǿĹսҪװģĦ޹һᣬȵֵʱ򣬾Ϳɵˡ
ĺϣսȡõЧĦĶܱߵһ뵽νַ˵жǿ۹ǰĶȺҽڲˣҲڹ뿴Ħôġ
ĦɧҵģǾ۹ƣĦ򷴶ǳȻͬûôĦȳСģɧҡ


1561 ӹ
ʱǱߵ鱨ҲԴԴϴݻҶν鱨ӻһ໥ӡ֤鱨ʵ
⣬вĦ˹ҶΣʾԼʵǾӵŮʱ»˵ġֻΪΧĻ̫ն񣬲ѲŸѵϹġ
ҶٴӻһˣӦЩԼˣȷһǵĻܣҪߵһġ
ĦˣϣܹҪһĦ֧󲿷ֵĦĵϵҶ֧׶ͳǡڶҪλһ
һҪҶζû뵽ڵӹȻżȻڼз棬Ӣ֮˲ٵǿ£ռݵӹȻֻһģСطһ֮󣬾Ȼһ
һҲ£ΪܸԹ̫Ծûп£һĦܼ뵽ӪУܱϴӦȴǳ˲һжǷ¡
ҶϸЩϢԼ뷨ܣгĻƽҴͻӹĦܸϵĽӦ
ţҶθĦ˴ͨ뺣ǱŴȱ̬ԴĦɧҵġĦһˣȴִȱȻء
ͨ뺣Ҷν죬ɳƽͳ˧Ļֱž·ٶȸĦ򡣺󱸵Ųӣٻ
˼գҶκɳƽĶʮ͵Ħռ䣬һ˵ÿһռ䶼󷨽ıȻշʯĻ߾ܹ״򣬴Ӷɾ޴鷳
ҶûаѶʮ򲿶ȫϣʹһȷ沿£ȿܴԼ´űװͽûдӭӣҶβŶ϶ͶԼ
ǣҶɳƽĴأѡһҪӪҶǺһ𣬽뵽ӹ
ܵò࣬ĻҵѪȣȷʵԲһЩܵϣ˼ľګ飬˵ĵһоһһ
żȻһŵľâҶ֪˾ԲǱϿҺʵһ
ٿܵһ£Ҷβ̾˲żܹԦô˲ţҲǸܼ
ֻ֮һζò裬˵һЩάĻûἰʲôҶθеЦһĻδҲ̫ˣԼȲ˵ȿԷĵʲô˵Ҳһ̸еĸˡ
ҶҲûдԼĿģĴȦԼϵԤˣʲôĻô
ƷŲ裬ҶݸЦû뵽ӻ˰ò裬ò裬ֻжˣŻȤˣӵӹҰ˼⣬֪ܷΪһ
ⴿǽ˽Ҷ̵оʹӶϣܹ֪ʲô˼֪ʣ˾ǴҶҲΪװƺ«һЩջ˵ˣĦ˵ܾһͽһͽʲô
ܱʼ⣬ɫԱһ£ϾԼĲ죬ЦЦˣӳڼҸʵʱûңĸŰѸùһӸңȡӹ
ҶЦӣҲ˵֮ˣĦϵͷͳӵݶȲϰɣһ֧ͳҵǰҫǳıӵˡ
⻰мζǵв죬¶Щɫˡ
ҶΰĲ豭һ٣Ȼ˵ʲôݣʲôλҪһ㣬ǾеһжǵĶͣûߣʲôǡ
ǸļһҲҶε̬ȸŭˡ
˵ڵ£ô˵һѪֻλȨصǲ٣ǣǰʲôѪͳ
Ҷ俴ܣһҲǸѱ׼ԼĦҪõ͸ҳԶײ˵ļıԲô򵥵ġ
ˣҪôǳշҪôԶĨ֮⣬ûбѡ
ٺٺ٣û뵽ӾȻĸ۰û˵ʲôʲô£ȿԼûʵ˵¡Ҷε쳣
Цһ˵ĪΪĦΪΪôûŮʸңʿúܣûʵ˵ô
Ҷû뵽һϿԼͶϵ˾ȻǿӲһҶκȻףǿӲʵеĿĵġ
ͽĵǱʹԺȻµľֻǱֳԼļֵֻڶԷмֵˣŲᱻ


1562 
رʽֳǿͻԼڲͬΪľҶԼΪķչ»
Ӧ˵ҶѾЩˣҶǷǳǰˣĻϲ̸һ̸ҶδؾͲܣɶԷļƣҶκܲˬ
ҶЦһʵĵطܹλãһһǹƴģ˭Ҫ뱻˸߿һ۵Ļûŵֵģó£ͻӦλá
һ֪ҶѾԼͼɵüͷǣֳʵ㣬˭㵱̲˰ܳԼ΢΢ʹ˸ɫʾԼ
һһɶĽ˶վ˳Ҷһֵ޶ۣǲ֪˵óʲô˼ʾ¡
ҶεЦӦʮǿбʵɣ¼ʮʱģб£ô
׳ϹʩҪô˵ĻС˺ɾҪˡ˳֣Сܼܲʮʱ䡣
Ҷοһ˵ӣɣҹʱʹκεֶΣܹңұ󽫾ܹɱңٺ٣ҵλá
Ͼֳ˲޵ɫ۹⿴ܡüͷݺһ壬Ҷ˵ǾҪˣ׼ҿʼˣһ
ûһ£ͼҶεһɵ˺ǰҶһȵâȭ
ǰɰɵڶǴΡ壬ȻһȥҶһȭ֮£Ȼǻϣҵˣ
ָ˺ɵʱҶδȵ
һƲӲӵĹâ˲ס˺һ˲䣬Ȼһˣղ۶ϵˣھȻһûеӡ
ɱһȭкΪʱܲŸոպ˶
죡Ҷζźʹ˻ܣʱĺ屻ҲӲʣвϷ˲Һû˵ĵĻ
ܺʱ򣬺ѾճһŽ̿ӣۿžʣһˡڴΪûʱҶٴʩչ˴ָ
˵ĸʱ򣬺Ѿӽָֻ̿ԭӡ
ҶЦӣɾ˿ʱˡҵˮͷųˮԪأܹеĲȫڻҪסӴˮ
ʱںΧʵˮӰЩˮӰӴϾͿʼܽĶ
Ƥ⣬ʵˮӰһʧϵľʹѾεˣЩӾϵĳԼϵĴġ
ˣڼֲסˣŵʱ䣬ѾּµĿһ㣬ҶԷǲģŪÿϸָ
ܾ͸оԼֽűҶҪЦһ£ȴ޷ЦΪļѾסˡò׼һЦݣԼã±ȿ޻Ҫѿ
ܹĦһƹչҲĶ֮ġȶһ˫ϥ򵹴뽵𷣣Ը˧£׷ˣΥԣ𣡡
ܵȫڵأΡΡ̧ͷ
ҶЦոֻǿһЦҶѪжΪ˺ӣڷҵʱͳҿ£֤˻Ǻ۹ıġ
ܸϽʩл˳ޣһṼ˵ġ
Ҷ΢΢һЦȴɫޱ֣شּܽ
ܴԭվһֹڵأ˵ܹӭʥּ
Ҷδޱϵ˵Ůʱ¶ּΪᣬĦ֮ʣϸڽ̻˼Ҷ䣬Ϊµ䷶Ϊ£ΪĦͳЭƽѡ
ͷµлŮʱѱһ
ҶκǺЦŰܷ˵үӴԺҾ֮ˡ˴Ħ֮УŮʱ¶׼ұ£ֻҪƽѳɹү͹µĹͻһּǸʱү֪ʲôǻʶƵ
ܼҪͳĳ嶯һʱ䣬ܾϲӣҲǸ̾ѡϾͰҶ뵽ӹңʵԼĽԤҶļνϾ˳
ϸܵԤҶεͷүȻΪ龫ǰҿүɳִзһҵĲЭǣҵˣһ
е̻˼ˣҲף˼ҼȻôߵĵλҲǲеġλɲ䶼Ѱ


1563 ֱ
ԴϲʵҸոҲôģǣôǾͲ˼ͳǵϢҲײ֣Ͼʮв԰һʰ
Ҷȴ˵ˣҲҪȫ׼үԺĦĵˣǸľûᰡ
ʮͬҶε˵ڷչ׳ʱ򣬿Ǳ˰ۺżһһĻǰܲƴô
Ϊڵײ̫ʱ䣬֪ûѪǲ˷ġ̫ѪȣȴѪܵʵ
һԼȨһҲǸҶͶ״ҾֵУе¶ҪԵģ㲻뿴ѪôпѪľ㣡
˵ɾ͸ɣҶɳƽǽʱѡ˰ʮΪǰȷ棬ӦҶ뿪ӹŹͳǵķ򼲳۶ȥ
Ҷκܸһٶǰȷһж·ܾѡ·Σͻ״ҲӦԤһ·ȻҲоӲȴǱЩɵǰ沿̼ͽˡ
˵ͷϣҵҶ˵ǿҪ˹ͳˣǸж
ҶѾ˸ôжЦֻҪǵԷѾǰܾѶǵȴ󲿶ѹͳΧסȻ׽
ܴӦһǣͷͣ£ȴĴ󲿶
ȺͳѹϣĹûҶΧǣȻܺһٶִӰֱӾͷɵ˹ͳС
ֱ̫ܶϤˣΪĸ߹٣ӹˣԲסˣԲ˳ˡ
ָܵ£Ҷκ׾ҵ˹ͳǵľҪԱһЩöԸģܺ¾ܹƽ΢һģҶζָ͸ˡ
סЩԣĹͳǾͳһɢɳϷͨ棬߹ͳǵľƽѣֻ׷߲׷˭ҪǻðգǾ·һ
ͳǱнŲһԣϷ׷׵꣬ʾԸƽѵĴһѹҷӡ
һʱ䣬ͳͻ䣬ոջһ͵ľϾͱѪȷ硣ʲôطмϸĴڡЩͷϾܺҶθ淢ͳҷӡ
ѾԭӵװڣĴǹͳΨһװˡ
ɱƽѵĹУЩ˽˼̫İһ˫˫ʱҪĶ
ʱ䣬ͳѾ֮ͷءҶξɱҲˣΪʹŮʱµȨ巢ͨ棬ӷΪĦеĦһˣܴ
䲼ͨ棬ҶϾ뿪ĵľǱߵĶĦֻǏ`֮һˣĸ֮
ĦҪһʱҲλãʵҶҪĽĦңͲв
Ҷκܿҵɳƽɳƽһʱϸ㱨ҶΡҶεķԸɳƽǶǽ壬Χ򣬱֤ûܹ߾ˡ
ɳƽܺù᳹ҶεͼǸȫסˣ͵һ
ǿɲͬڹͳǣһɽƵò޽ĳСòϿ˵ǸУ˵ǸɽկȽϺá
ɽկǾԲô򵥵ġɳƽ飬ȴû뵽һСӵĳ
Ҷε֮ˣϾһľӪģǿɶжĴڣССǣ²ôôġ
һ£ҶξԼԶ֣Ըһĸ֣˶ûõġ
ҶɳƽԭشԼǱ뵽ǵ档ȵҶκңûдŴͲʺϴ󲿶չҵµ壬㲻ûԴ
鱨ʮ־ϸǵҪʩעˡҶһ水Щע飬һԼʶͷųȥ̽ԼҪ׷ѰĿꡣ
ҶѾһˣ춼һˣҶλǰзԣУҶҵһĿ꣬ȫնɱˡ
ҶδΪϲǣһһĸ߼ԱҶλ˶䣬Ҫ֪Ҷĸ󻼰
õϢҶϳɳƽŴȥ峡ҶʮֹɳƽµǼȮ


1564 
һԵشǳһش˵кܶ·˶￴һĴڡط֮ڣԲʮֻһŹת죬û˿Եȥ
ΪԶԶȥһ˵۾ҲΪۣ֮ΧһƬĿտ֮Ϊա
ҲһЩżأյĸܾܿͨһͨ;޾ĲŻ֮̽գҪҵͨһ;ȫ޹
ѲĵصѡҲ֮٣ΪյĹռʵ̫ˣ˭ӽܹڵһʱ⵽ԷӶȡһж
ҶΪ˱⾪죬ԼеʶϢȫԼΧ󷨡
ããգҶμʶʲôǹһ˷УͺһС
ȻҶθоһָоʵ̫ϤˣΪҶξ£һΡ
ҶͷһɵðͣڴʱһɼΪǿҵȻ˷Ҷγ
ࣵһҶβ󷨱ҵƬ
ҶΣȻûʧȻҵȻˣǾ͸׵˽ˡ
һЦжȻֳѾ˹¼ҹ˵࣬ûаɥ֮෴ģһд顣
ҶεЦ죬ȻǺƣö֣ǲǣѾɥ֮ȮˣҲòĵ
ҡͷЦԲӣǵҶʳҹӢô˵ӢۣΨҺѡ˽زŪģ껾Ǹ֪ߵغļһçײɵģһ㣬óϰɣ
Ҷβɵõͷһ㵹ʵ½һѳֳҲнĽɣ
һ˵ҶΣ⻰˵ôûͷû԰ķɣôģһԼ£ڵȫ˲Ŵתư
ҶĬȻеʱҪ£ҪԼ֣ܹԼͼִ᳹Сһ˵첢ûд
ȣµģԶ룬ʼʱڳʱ˭һΰĿꡣȨĶȨĺôʧԼ죬ҵǿ㣬ұҪɱ㡣
Ҷλе˵ʧĸоΪҶεڶ컹ǱȽ͵ġ
˵ѳֳжܹ꣬ķչǹûġ
ҶλһܣȻЦ죬ߣܹѸ˰ɣߣ죬㣬㱳ӣҲܵ
һСС࣬ȻҲ˵Ĵ󻰣죬ҲǴ۽ˡҶΣϻܵˣ죬ǲѷˡ
·Ǵ޾յҶӿÿһЦÿһ֣·һǼشһҶεĶĤϣҶеѪϷӿ
ߣȻѾˣαزͷ¶βģɣѵôҶȶһ·ҵѪ˵
нֳһɱҶ˵ҶΣЩڣܹģͲǸλϵġֻҪɱ㣬ʷͽдҶȻվ۷֮ϵġ㲻įģʱ㡣
˵꣬һŭڶϣĺâ֣˷·һźУͻƾնһڶһ
죡һȣһȭһźұϼںнĹУת˲ͱһ೤ľɫľڰзҶΧλá
ͷϣȻ両ֳâһ㣬ͼ͵һ壬ſ˷Сľ޿ڣҪ̵ҶΡ
Ҷζһз·ȻڹĴҪҶεͷʱҶȻһָͷһ㣬ȵһָ
ʱ򣬹ľ޿ȻûҶεͷֻľ޿ڻûк£ࣵһҶһָâô˹Ĳߴ֮
໵һŤͷ˳ȥвϾ
Ҷ俴Ŷ˵ʲôֶΣʹɡʹõĻҲûʹˡ
¶ޱصɫһεĽУѾоҶεʵԼǽ˰࣬ҶξȻּ̧ܹιȻʮԵˡ
ٺ٣ҶΣҵ㣬Ҳ֪ʲô״Ҳ˵ܿϧһޱǿĺܡ
Ļ䣬ҶȻоһӱסһΧеһз·ȫͣͲǰˡ


1565 ն
죡
һڰгָ֣о̫Ϥˣʹõľɿռ䡣
СӣΪԼ޵ˣϷǴΪǴҲ޷ġɿռ֮У㻹ˣһ֮ܣһʶܵˣȻˣһΣûôõˡ

ŶŭӶȻĺЩڰдһתϰҶȫ
գۼ䣬ҶεﻹıƤȫɵˣҶθоԼѪЩѪҺûԶͱŵĺ̳Եˡ
ΪɿռãҶθ޷ƶԼ壬ڶĴ£ҶֻܱһС
ҶҪͷųֵֵһ󣬿û뵽ָոո棬ͱź̳һ̳Եˡ
ĴԼĴ£ֻҪᱻɵһ޷޷ʱѣֻܱܽǱɵˡ
ҶΣ˵ǸܺõĽˡЧͣٶȻܿģҲó̫ʹ࣬ģһҶúõģһжҵģҲôһУվ۷ģ
ʱĿռȻ΢΢һ£ҶߵĿռ䣬ѾסȴһµĲкȻչˡ
һҶѾǻûһõطҶΣһŭ
չĿռһƬҶʮֹ¶ĵɢź·΢ƯһƮȥ
ΣգȻһȣͼһڶһ챻Ƴ˰֮⡣
һӰֳһе֮һĴӣֺģһͨƽһĴ磬󣬺ѻʹĴϵһ
ǱƳȥˣɲΡΡƮҶȴָ졣
ҪȴԼޱͣԱ߿һоһľ롣
ʲôȻֶΣ¶żޱ𾪵ı顣ۿҶԼƮ޿ɶ㣬һȣ־ȥץƬҶ
ǵһһֻ־ȻҶֲһ·ɳããзȥ
۵ʱƬҶȻλƻصҶε
ָҶεȣӲӽסҶεȫʱ䣬Ҷλָ
ϻصߣͷųһâϣаյʱ䣬гԭӡ
죬ڶԷпļɵ֮ɫǴ尡ȻҶεһҶնȥһֻ֣鲢Ǻܴ󣬿ɶ˵ʵ̫ˡ
СӣôʹóֶΣҿΪҪȻϷ򣬿¶Ҫڴˡ춢Ҷʵ
ڱɵʱҶαһӸɵȻôԸ죬û뵽쾹ȻͻȻѶˡ
ǸʱҶеľȫڷһҶĿϣʧȥ˶Ŀ꣬ٻطһҶҶֻǿٿطһҶȥ졣
âȭ
Ͷ˭ҲûϵҶξȻʻʱͻȻѡңιֱֱֻ幥
һ죬챻ʮҶεȴǰѪģɳȥԶ
ҶôָָԼ壬ٴιʹôĹ
쿴ŵˣ£׼ٴôСӸղʹһҶķ˴ľͨʹԼľ־ҿסôһأôֶΣ
˵񣬾ȻŶǧ࣬ǲҶνӴ˺ɿռ䣡
ʱĿռ·溮µĺˮϾ;۽һͬʱҲȵ
Ϊ־ͿôҪľʩչԼľѧƶǬ
һ׵ëҶεͷϻƮһתΧĿռȻâʢ뵵ȫӿҶΡ
һǧޣ飬ϱҶΰԼеȫΪ䱦֮Ҳȫˡ
ǣɿռ˲ͱˣһɭɭڵҶεУͼҶη·Ǿһɽһ
ƲãϽԼʶҪԶݣȴϱѾߣһоԼʶǱһ㡣
űԶݶȥû£ۼŶϱϮûб飬еʶڶϱնһебɢ
ҶۼȥҲֲס;־ȫиϱع壬Ҷξ͸оԼ·𲻴һоκһ֣һͻ˯ȥ


1566 Ĺ
֮еҶΣ۾һѾָ߰˰ˡ
һս̫ײˣر׼ǲһͰС˵޸ɲǵˣͲָ֪оԵĻҶĲԸһΡ
Ҷվ̽һûвʲôΣգŷս֮
ܿ죬ҶսϣﻹŵľɵЩꡣ
ʶչҶҵ˶ڣȷе˵Ƕʬڡ
ʬƯ֮УԼԼеĹâ˸ţҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ʶϸԶԶ̽Ŷʬ״
֮ǰս˵ǰѶնɱˣĶ켸˵Ҷβ£ֶζһ˼ʲôװ߸ĻĹùˡ
֮ĲУ֮Ĳް
ȷ֮Ҷ̲ס̾Ϣһ죬Ҳһֻۣһ·ϣᰲһ㣬һǻὫնɱ
Ӽ˸ҶγڶʬԱߣƵ壬Цһ벻ȥˣ벻ΪеֻҶĳˡ
֮УҶһ˶Ŷʬ壬аʱ΢΢ҡͷˣԵ֮ϣһ̰ɣϣĿ
ҶչʶʬȫռһƬһͷ˿ռ
ǶǿһҪеʲôֶأϾܻĳЩ
ʬ壬ҶѡһƫƧķ򣬼ٱ۶ȥ
Ҷεٶȼ죬Ǽ˸ʧĲټһƬһƬҶͬ丸׷һ㣬Զȥ
ԼĪһ֮ҶͣѾ˼ΪԶľˡ
һƬķϵĵشûκεûκε˼΢ǿĳӶ档
ķϵشλãмѾƲȫֽ򣬿໥֮ǵҴš
һŰɣĸ㡣Ҷε˵һʬ壬ƺ廳
֮ϣҶֱӵԪأʼڲһӴĵ·Ĺ
СҶ˵νɲˣԼķĹκһΪĵµ˶Ҫͻƽ롣
һ̰ɡҶεͷӽ棬ӲʯǰԶֿóһֻһͨͨ
ĹѨʮӴҶÿ߹ؼĵط¸򵥵󷨣ߵĽ롣
Ĺصм䣬һĹײģѾˡ
̾ϢһҶνʬ뵽˹ײ֮С
ҪϸӵʱҶһ飬Ȼһ˿˿Ĳ
û
Ҷս׼ֱӶһ󷨣öˡ
ȻĵһöӵĽָҶνµϡ
ҶγһʶС̽ȥûзʲôŹ֡
ˣ
ǹӽָ΢΢һһ΢
Ȼǽ飡ѹֻԼܳء
ҶƳ˽ָһۣȻ󿪿ڵһ뿪ɣŶɣûеƷվǲôʵġ
ˣСŶղأָıõĶǻʹڵĶҪãʼˣƺҪЩҶΣϾָҲôˡ
ˣﻹһСĿΪˣ֪СĲƭˡ
ҶεӶ˶٣ͷҲأһ仰Ҳ˵
鿴ģͿʼҶװˣΪţƵĽָһﾹȻԼһۣ̰
ôһ˲ĹҶξȻٴ̧Ҫߡ
ֱһ£æʶϵҶΣһݵ޽ԼʶҶ
꣬Ǹ΢һ˼ҾҪߣ
Ҷν˽Ϊָͷɵʳָϣǳָš
˭ģȥǸָϱߣɸͼУҪվطҶشýԼҪˣҪҶһ٣ȻŶ졣
ϧȨҲҶθˡ
òˬҾͰǺǣװΣѾǿˡҶε˵Ͳں
黹ȥ̽öָһ̽ɲҪʵˡ
лʹͣСĸԸΪװΣ


1567 
ʵͬǼ˴֮мߵ򣬹ԹԵһ仰˵ˡ
Ҷй鿴ָߵĴ
ȷǸ˶󰡡ҶпЦûһķչй켣ɲѯģ첻ǿ϶ݷ
ҶЩǣָ߾ȻһŹϵƤֽš
Ƥֽһ£Ҷܹȷ֮ǰ΢ƤֽϴġϱʲôûУһ
ݸͷԣһģǿͼмһĶǿгĺڶࡣ
ʲôҶεĿ⽥Ǻڶ֪Ų۾ˡ
ģҶεһһ£Ҷ˹
ԶתˣҶһ㶣ⴴԶתǲֻļΡ
ÿһδԶת⼫Σյʱ
Ҷü˼ֱӼٴתһɹȵʼȻƤֽ֮䲻Ը̼ĻӦûջġ
֮󣬻Ƥֽתţһɴ۾ҪһЩ֮
ţѰ˳һ㣬ֱӳ˺ڶ
ˡ
ΧĿռΪĺȻӿЩ𵴣Ҷһ󷨣öĹѨΪƬ
ӿţٵʧںڶ֮С
ʲôѵڶĴô󣿻˵һĺڶ޶Ҷʮֲ⣬ѹû˵û
Ҷηֳһʶʶĩ׼ʲôףһ֮жʶӣܵǣ
ʶĵؿţܿ죬ҶαӴ˺ڶıԵȷǸоһɼǿƺҪһеĶɵ
ԣⲻɵƺƺһɻϢҶε۾˲ɴˣϢʮֲֿ֮ǰϴŵƣҪӸߵȼ
顭
͡
ʶԽӽʱԽϢ˻
ǸܸģľһƤֽ
Ҷ۾һ²Ļϲࡣ봴ͬͬԴֻˣҪ˵ַ棬Ҫܣ򲻿ܵġ
ҶѵҪӦͬȵѶȡԼһֱţٻлȥôܹĳ̶ȣ˵ûаֵĻǾԲܵġ

ˣֻҪһѪȥܹоĴˡֻǡһС˵
ֻʲôӦûϲġҶֱˡ
ɬЦһ˵ˣʲôĽСĲ֪СĲ²⣬ִĻ»мҵĳͻҪˣ˵Сû㡣
Ҷζһֱýһ
Ҷǵģǿö˵ͺñ˵ٵײ廹ܹܵסһܻ꣬ٱű˵Σա
Ҷ뵽˼֮УЦеֺõˣʵؿôģƤֽߵ֮ھǷҪͿ𣿡
Ҷһ㶣üһǵԹ尡ԼȻô򵥵ĵˡ
ãҶӦѾࡣ
һϲ֪ԼѾΣա֮ǰҶζһûʲôãһΪ˶죬˵иʲô
ôصĶˣȻҶεΡ
Ҷ̧ͷһܣһӣĹײĸӸϣҲΪˡ
ȻҶ뿪Ĺأ·ȫֲһǿ󷨽
һĵطҶȶһųƤֽ
벻ҾȻõ㡣ҶΰʱʮָӵģűܵĿܣ޵
Ͼʹ϶ΪһĻܹӵ޷ĸı䣬ʵмĸı䣬ֱӳΪһĴڣ
ȻҲܻΪܲסֱֲֿӱŵñըȻĲˡ
һҶĿ⾼ջǾҪһ
ջʵ̫ˡ
ǾɣҶһҧֱӴָ˱ȳһѪ
Ѫָϻζһ£ವһӾͱƤֽϡ
Ƥֽ΢΢ţˮһѪҺֱɢƽ˺ڶ֮ϡ
źڶѪһظǣҶεɵü
Ѫڶ˲䣬ƤֽƤѪɫڶΧһǳͬѪ죬ͬһſŶ㿴۾
Ҷüͷһ壬ܹоһɼǿĻϢ·Ҫضƻһ㡣
ڵĴԶתҶεĸо࣬ͷϢȻ˻ȥǷصĶߣȥԼĳѨ
ȻģҶһ㶣ɵЩЦ


1568 ڶ
·ǻһС²˴ǿϢȥˡ
ҶεųƤֽҲͽһ˶ʶ壬㽫ʶ̽顣
ѾһӰС˺ܶ࣬ʶģֵʱ򷴿Ҳ
ƤֽУҶθоһʮ΢ʶ壬һĸеܾѣֻǲŸոŴʼһûС
ʶͻȻ֣ʶ度µĺܣһƺϣҶ޷Ĵڡ
Ǻǣ˼ˡҶεһЦʶº͵˫֣ʼؿʶ塣
ʶ忪ʼܷԼСһ壬ܾҶνӴ
ɽأҶºϢ֮£ʶ𲽷ſ˶ҶεĽ䱸ʼŸҶνӴˡ
һӴҶεˣʶȷγˣһұͷ㴿ͬһŰֽˡ
Ҷεʶ뵽ʶУĳɳ̿˸һ
벻ʶ徹ȻġǴǧ磬治СҶΰ뵽ʶĲȻΪĳһˣһ˲䣬ԼһʶƤֽһ˶¸
ζû뵽Ƥֽһ˲䣬ǿֲĻǵضֱӽĻɢʶɢˡ
ˣɢʶ뵽ƤֽУΪʶ巢չӡ
ڣʶѾ뵽Ҷεʶ֮УͬͬԴʲôʶ˵õ´ҪһůļңȥҶεԺС
ϧ֪ҶεԺʶ̫ǿңֱӾͰ˽ȥͬˡ
һ̽չʮֿ죬ҶҪʱѾˡ
Ū˰ɡҶκȻôһ仰ѾˣӦÿԻ鵽޳ȥ˰ɡ
ҶѾҲǹʶĴˣȫǿ־ںϵˡ
ҶλܹģԼƤֽ֮ϵ࣬·ԼϵƤһ㡣
죬ģҶֱʵܹ֪ǻʡٵ鷳
ˣҲ֪СĴڣʱСʶСĸͲ֪
ҶοƤֽ³һ㱾봴ͬԴȴһͬѰ·ڣҶʶһɣ㵽Ƿ봴
ˣ
ƺҶεĻƤֽȻ£ڱʾԼĲ
Ҷλ۾ֱӹͨƤֽϵĺڶﹹһʶԼ
ҶεʶһںڶڣǵصĻϢһɫĿҪҶɵ
˿Ҷ΢΢һ̧֣ںʶϢɢһ㣬ЩɫȻҪҶε˲ת˷򣬲뿪ˡ
ҶζЩ»ϢĺɫҪʱȴĽƴлҪ˵
ûϴ壬ܹܵס֮û̼ԺʶֻҪʶҲܹӦˣǾûˡ嵱µ¯ϵػ۶Ϊ

»صڶ֮ڣҶüͷƺ׽ʲô
֮ǰսԼ̸ĹУѾһЩϢڴ֮Ĺϵ
񣬵ʼʱȴһûô򵥡
ˣһ԰ɡҶΰͷڻİ֮вǰ
ڵĴͣתʱ̱ŻֻҪҪʱܹ֧Ԯ
ǰţҶα۾ƾŸоڵߺʶĻ֮ߡأ߹ĵطγһ籩Ļţ۳һ硣
ˡ
ģԶһ㲨Ҷ֮ǰûںϵǵʶĻ϶޷ֲ
˳ŸоȥҶκܿ߳˻һĶǰ
ҶλͷһֻۣѾû˻еĻ۳磬š
һ壬߶ˡҶһŸоߣ⻰ʲôطûд
ĶڣͬСĺڶΧһʡ
ҶһʱЩòȥԱ۾ȫ
أܹоһ˿΢Ӷдͣٻ
û˿ԥҶֱУ۾Ҳȥ۲Χκδڣֻ޾ĺڰ֮Ưת
Ҷһ״̬֮Уһжû˸֪Լǻ֪ˣʣµֻһʶ֪Լûͣ¡


1569 Ϊ
ģײһǽһ㣬ȻһӴδ
Ҷüͷһ˸ŵǽ֮
ǽһĽӴϣڰڼҵײţϵű˴˵
Ҷһָһ½Ӵ档
¡
һ챬ըǰĺڰ˲̮û谵ء
ҶһɣѾоĴˡ
ô֪ҵĴڣ
𣬾ȻҶεһģһ
Ҷ΢ԾȻʹһȻǸ򵥻ɫúһ̫ˣǱ仯ΪģҲûʲôֵġ
о𣬶ҴϣҶε˵֮ѾЩζ
һЦֱŰĸϮҪҶɵ
ǿŭĴУһҶƮҡĹۣôǿᣬҲ޷㸲
ҶͬЦº͡
ЦȻֹһ׺ݵϢҶεǰһģӰӣһȻΪλҪ
ϣϣҲǻ𡣡Ҷôһ仰Ͳڶ˵ˡ
ģӰ˰죬ƺڿʲôκ󣬲»˻㲻
ҲʲôµģҶκǺһЦĲ£Ҳ
ܵҶڵǿţǼ޷Ƶļǿ־ģӰӳĬˡ
һγĬʱǳҶȻЦصȴš
Ǹ⡣ģӰٴοڣѾƽˣַֻԹıȻڡ
ҶεͷҲӦ·ڽ£ȥߡ
ܴ֮ǰ˶ҡӰӵõͳɳң֮ǰ˶ʺ˴ʵǸĴ󡣡
𣿺ǺǣӦû˶ʱģҲ϶һţնɱҶοĺ͸ˣ϶飬ͬʱڡ
㱳̫ˣȻ˽⵽ôࡣģӰӵ˵˵
ҶεһЦǱȻ
ȥıȻȥϣΪҾҪ𣡡
ģӰӺȻߣ񱩵˻ţ·˲仯ΪһͷޣҪǰһж˺ˡ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ˰֣˵ʰһװɣҵǰ㻹ǿ󡣡
һģӰٴοڣѾЭˡ
ҶκǺһЦҡҡͷ˵ǻϣһЭ𣿡
Ǿû̸ˣ߰ɣģӰֱӺһɤӡ
ߣҾ͵ߣ㲻ԸܺƽҾĻ֮Ը㡣ҶΰȫϢ䲻ѡ
ģӰӶ˶٣˼֮󣬾йƤһԴ
ãҾͳȫһΣߣֻܲܳɣҪˡ󻰣˵ǰߡģӰ˼һ£˵
Ҳ㣬һʱ޾ֶĥ㡣ģӰӶݺݵ˵ԵĻ϶ҪһͷǣҶһһڵسԵȻѹͷ顣
֪Ϊʲô˰ɡҶǳЦһӦ
ģӰһ㶣ʲô쳤̾ԭˣԭˣߣһΣҲˣ
Ҷûнӻֻеһ䣺һΣȻ

ģӰӽʧռڿڰһ˲ѹһС
ɴĴҶȴȻһЦݣȻС
Ҷǰһڰ͵ͣŲϵм俿£۳һޱȵ
ֲĻȫۼռҲظ˹ֻҶǰһڰڵҪɵ硣
˾ˣ䣬Ȼǻ𰡡ҶظŻ˵ôһ仰
⻰һ䣬Ҷλ˻ԴȻڸղŵһ˲ʧȥ˸оȻ֪˵ûҪ˵仰ͷ
ѵ
Ҷε۾һһЦԽˡ
Ŀ䵽ǰĻϣҶ˫ֱסڼѹš
񱩵Ļ໥ײţ죬Ҫ˳Ҷε˫ϳ
ȥɣҪõˡҶͳȴ·һħֱǻʵ
ڵĴתһΣεѹסҶε˫־ϵڼѹţֱǻѹ˼Сĺڵ㣬ֹͣ
һ𣡡ҶһȥǺɫĹһűʧˡ
أ
һ죬ҶεǰһԲ
Բ򿴲ʲôģϿĻƣϸһȻһС֡
ҶĿۣЩת۳Ϊ֡


1570 
⣬Ǵ
Ҷΰеĺ֮͸¶һָӵ
봴һſЩڵ֮СֻҪ͸¶ȥһϢ˷ӵ
ǾͿʼɣҿ봴ʲô֮ͬҶᶨʶֱͶ뵽֮С
һɫƯţеٶȼ죬еٶȼǿһ۾ۻҵĸо
ͣ
ҶһЩ־ȻԹԵֹͣƶȻĳƵʣʼϳΪһЩȻֲϵظıš
ЩܴϳΪһ壬ÿһǶȶܹ֣ͬҶεһ濪ʼԽ֮任ٶȾԽ죬ĸͿʲô
Ҷ΢΢ͷȷ٣һ봴ȫ෴·
ҲǰѴĹеģлкܶĵطڷž޴á
ҶѰ˼죬ԼֱĻ»ҵķӦϾֹˮݵġ
ǾȷֿɡҶգգ۾һһģһ

һûжʵǴʶ壬ȻûжٹҶεȫ;顣
ԡҶֱӽĿⶢס塣
һƬĹҶκͷԺгֳ
֮УһŵĻӺ֮вϵػ۵ߡ
ŷľ粻ڵĻҲڲӣҶκȻЦˡ
Ȼ֮еĻ޵ģǾвõˡҶε˵ͷеصǷſȫĵͶ뵽֮ˡ
봴෴ģ;ͬĵھ󲿷ֵطõأҶξطֹ֮һЩؼطĴֶΣǾ˵һ¡
ԼôʱɵĻա
һֱӻһâ뵽Ҷεĸȶȥˡ
Ҷɨһۻָ˹Ŀռ䣬ֻڼԶն˲ܿڰ
רŴģջԴٶȣܹҵʵĵطĻ˵ò˶ʱָܹʱ÷յͿˡ
תһռ䣬Ҷλع鱾壬Ц档
죬ҵĵǺǣôҵѣҵĹˡûĻôһ֪ҪȵʲôʱˡҶ˵ţƤֽ
Ƥֽ봢ֱУҶ۾ʼ۲ڵķ
ѾԭһȻڻʴ֮£úġ
վǿֲΪؼ֮һҪúõؿƣҪȻд鷳ġҶΪ˰ȫΧĿռӡʱ򿪣ɷûԼǱҲҲİ취
ҲΪҶûи̫ԭµľһ޷ˣԴɨɾԼҵĺԺ
ڻʱ䣬ֹܲܽںһ𡣡ҶһҲûʲôˣȵĺܣ徻ӿǲ࣬һΪ
ϾĳطһǿȴԼ
ҶγԺͬʱȽŴ֮ͬ㡣
ֻǰڵĹ󣬵ʤڼ׶ҶδҲࡣ
ҶνܹˣѰԳԵ·ߣֻҪһԻȷֹմʽ
Ի֮ܰɣںϵĻǾͺ˵ˡҶ۾˸֮ܵʮֿ£Ĳܹɹ˵ֶһ·
Ϊ˰ȫҶγһ˿˿ڰֵͬȵ֮ܣ߿ƺãһ֣һ֡ںϵĳԡ
ڿţͷԼĶϢ͹â
Ҷ񣬵ɴ˫ۣɢʶϸع۲ţóӰ򣬴㽫һĻ¼ͷٺúõطһԾ˵ȥ࿼һЩ
˫ֻؿţҶеĹâԽӦ˱˴˵ĴڣȻͬʱ
˲ͣʼΧռеڡ
ףͷԿ໥ﵽٵҶüͷһȻôһ⡣
žž
ײţûȫӴͿʼ໥ˡ
ҶȻţĴ̼ԽԽˣٶҲӿ졣
žžž
һļȻͬʱʧˡ
ʧˣ¶ˣҶβɵҰҰز񫡣ǲܳӼĵ顣
Ҷֱӷ̽ˣվһӻĺܣԺ˵ɡ
ڣҪúõϢһõϢһɲࡣ
ǶҶвס˵пǧġ
ֱۻûз£ҶεüͷȻšһּΪĸоð˳
Ҷһתƣֱڿն
ãѣ


1571 ͻ
Ҷμٻر϶ǳˣҶʹϿռǧܹоʳĹ졣
ҶθϽڻʳУȴʿ˹
ԭˣϿʹɣŮʱ¶ʹˡ
ҶԳһʲôôţѾĸˣҪԳҶθϽʿͷҲһ㵽˻ʹµĵط
ĶѾйģˣڻ֮ϣǵĻ㱨Աߣ껾һϣҲüͷ
ĺͣĻ£ɳƽĦȫڣҶγԾС
ҶιɵôϲȻǷޣϵȴǲ٣ɡãʮ𼱵ĹҪֱȡڳ㱨ɡ
Ҷθоԣȴû뵽ͻ״ôء
ɳƽĦºʮعûȰѲӽɢʹԵ˴ģֵϢ
ոշԮźţûһķӦѾŸˣһֻӳʮ˰㱨
ɳƽΪͳͳ˧ȻҪ鸺ָ뼯žһ֣;ĵڶЭ˵ԡ
˭֪ŵս൱ǿǰʱ䣬Ͱѵڶˡɳƽȥһ֧ԮӣȫûһҶγԶϱ
ɳƽӵĻ㱨𾪣ܱߵ򷢳߼ľ棬֯ſܽӵĵطɳӭС
û뵽һεŸͲǽӺ̵ӣͻȻķֱһ·գۼʮ򣬾вʮľˡ
ããռʮľ룬Ͳʲôϰûر谭ƾǵֶΣȫ֮ڵ
ôָеҶγʵ
ɳƽ¶ɫڵˣڼڵĹģǰձ˿ġɳȥĲӣңУҡĿǰŵͷͣѾϸزӻǵĲչս
ҶԴʵôôԷѸͣѵûвȡĴʩô
ʮаţսǳ֮ǿҳ쳣ǵ˺лڡܹҴˣֻǵöԷʵΪǳֲһʧȥ֪޷ж϶Էʵʵˮ׼
Ҷμֱò˼飬̴ˣ˼ҴѾ쵽ſˣȻ֪ԷʲôҪ˵Ҳ˵ؼɳƽɳϵć޽
ƽϢһҶܾʲôطԡȻ䣬Ҷˣôģľжô᲻֪أǾжأѾʼôˣһֱ˯Ҳ֪ˣô᲻Լأ
ѵ鱨ܰԼʶһʶӣͲԼֽô
ҶĽгȹ˲ˣȽµ˵
ĺͣɳƽǶİţҶ֪ڵ˷ͷʱ򣬲ӭļɻ䣬ŵǿѾ˿ֻţԺ֮жԿʿʢ֮ʦǾԲеΪ
ĺ͹ֵĿǰ̬һεĿԲܾܷͬܿ񣬵ǣֻҪŹǶ˵ǾԵġԣǵĲصܱߵλá
ɳƽ˵Ե˸ʵޱͣҾܱߵʵصڹؼڵϣȡǽսֻҪסΧҪ㣬žǰֻҪһ֮Ҫܵлľ档
Ҷεͷţ뷨ŻܺáɳƽĺͣҪʳǵرһҪ©Ҫȥһˣ̽һŵ
ڴ˴ŵ¼Ȼ˿ܻڿ֮СЩ⣬Ҳȷʵǳ롣ҶҪǣΪʲô˲ϧһдۣ˷
Ҷһ˼ǿλͣͳͨѶģҪȡϵǣԷȴһ㷴ϢûС
Ҷζʱüͷһ£ҶĬʶͼʶеʶȡϵ
ܿ죬ҶξͲ׽ʶеʶӣԺеӶʱͱ
ûҶʻʶˣֹͣϵҾҪˣ
Ҷһ治֪Ǳ߳ʲô״Ҷûԥ˸֮ϵ
ոʶӽϵҶη֣λѾһϡҶһ£𣬷ڵ


1572 鷳
Ҷֱڵ˹ȥ
֮ͬĩյֳһѪģʬ壬һĳнҲݻٸɾȥһƬɪ
Ҷβ׽һ䵥սʿĽӽȥסһ
ҶҪôսʿļ䣬ȴʶոս뵽սʿʶУҶξ͸оڹâʢϾзҵ
ڴ󺰴УЩҶܹͨԼʶ﷭еҶξޱȣ˵ڸʹþһҪע⣬Ѵ˸ץס
ҶοԼסսʿʩչ仯˵ӣȻҲսʿһѶԶԶġ
һʱ䣬ϾٹҶκιղûпʲô֣
Ҷǵ˵泤٣ղҿһӰǸˡ˵ţҶξսʿķָһ¡
ע⾯䣡ٲϴŶʮսʿ˳Ҷָķ׷ȥ
ôһڣǿ˾䣬ҶҪȥͼҲˡҶѰʱȻ
ոô£ôҳ
һսʿԪ˧ղʶ̽װ÷˾棬Ǿľ棬ҾͳʾˣѾ˧˳ȥ׷ˣԪ˧ʲôָʾ
һ˵ʱע쳣֪ͨӡ
Ǹʿ˵Ǿ߿ˣȣطһȥ͸͸УסĵطҲ̫ȻѶԺСݸˣǲ
˵꣬߿ˡҶκȻָоⷬôǸԼ˵һԺСݣо巽λͺ˵ˡ
ҶҲʶ̽ˣȫ۾ö۲ΧĿ϶Ҷת˷ݵĶԺ
ȷʵڶԺһСţӦþڵλˡҶ˹ȥΧûע㿪ʼš
˵˭ոչϢʹңò˻ˣ
ҶεЦԪ˧ղ˵ϢôҸҵһܺõϢƷ͹ˡ
һţˣҶһˡ
ǺǺǣԪ˧ʴӱô֪أҶεЦ
Ͻֵˣ㵽ŴζҶλҾ֪һġղʹþƣͲѾ档ԣҲŻ˵ĻѴ
ᣬô£ôٴа
ص֪֪ʲôǵĸ߲㣬˵ǵ鱨ϵͳ⣬ѾˣǸ߲Աԣ¹鱨ˣȫ뿪һܼ顣
Ҷδ󺧣ᷴӳʵ̫ҪˣҪ֪飬Ҷκ͸¶ȥ֪ˣᳬһ֮ôͱĸ߲֪أ
㱩¶ôҶκܹʵ
˵д˵ĸʹõʶӷǳأûб¶֪߲㣬һ磬Ǹʵһ̨ʮ־ȷĳܹ̽鵽ʶ΢ڴϵҵʱҲôͣ¡
ҶλȻֲøղԼôһϾͱˣԭԭ򰡡ϢʵҶβ֣Ϊǰͽⷽڿ߲²ô򵥵ġ
ᣬʲôҶʵ
ˣǸռ鱨鱨أŵһжҪｨ飬ŸжΪ˵ǵ鱨ͽŻᱻġҵò鱨Ҳ޷鱨ṧ
ҶεͷȻʵᣬһŵжʮֹ죬ֱȥģô°
˵ˣΪǱ߳˴鷳ˣھǺʮĵطһ޴ޱȵĺڶڶΧеһУⳬѹƣҲֻӻڶɵٶȡ
ҶȻһڶѵһֹ壬˵ʲôҪɣ߶Ҫɵĺڶô
ǵĴˣ塣ڵĳ߹ƣʱ䣬ĵطȫɵԣѰµļ԰ü޵ˡ
Ҷ̾Ϣһ˵˵ŵķͿˡ԰ҽĵطռͿˣôĿ궢أ
ˣǷ˼ΪصĶôѾô⹴ǵĸ߲㴫Ϣ˵ΪңδʱһٹͿ԰סܹһȫռ硣
Ҷͷŭû뵽лĳĴڡ


1573 ϴ
˵ҶҲһ
˵һο˵Ǻһеļҵףǿļҵ׶սˣΪľǳɹȻеںڶ֮С
Ҷβɵó̾Ϣһֲɳƽɳľ񲿶ӶҪȫûݵĲӣһֻѾԵսʿܲԿô
Ϊһսû뵽ȻһಫĴսǿҶΣҲǰѹ
ΪսǾûк·ģҲ˵ⳡսͬǰֻҪǰĲӴˣϾͿԸձˡ
һսȴģɱе˼ǲ˰벽ġ֣൱ļ֣
ڣҶҪľյһֵ鱨ȴǱУѰ
ҶվⲽȻ۾һ˵һϷʱܹ»ΣȻٸ鱨
һ£Ҷ˵ᣬļ԰סˣҪֵѡãʱһָһЩһǺúȥ
ϲϽ°ݵл˸һ·ҺҵļѣһǴ˵Ķµġ
Ҷ΢Цһ£һѰСԺȻ˴ݣ
ͳ˧ǣָսʿĹǡ
ҶʱȲǣҪΪϴף»ص߼鱨ٵĸλϣΪԼṩ鱨
ҶóͨѶģĳƴϵڣͨѶǱ˻Ӧ
ȶԷػҶżͨѶĴеʮʮ𼱣Ԫ˧Ҫ鱨㱨
ʵҶ֪һߵͨѶĽˣһᣬһصսʿ
ȻһԵ˭ΪʲôҪϵԪ˧
ҶŪһܻӺôôʱϵԪ˧鱨ԱҪǵش飬㵣ô
ԷĬһ˵ʲôҪ鱨˵ҲһģԪ˧ڲ
ǸʲôԪ˧鱨ҲҽǰɣôĽʲôԪ˧㣡
һжǹģҶͰźˣԼһ鱨ԱֻϵҪ㱨Ҫ顣ǱҲסġ
ȻʮʱͨѶﴫᣬĸ鱨Ա˵ԼıţʲôϽ˵
ҶΰЦȴװޱż˵ǵõҪ鱨ҶҪԶԪ˧дɱж˵ϾҪʵʩöԪ˧Ͻ׼
֣ȷʵ鱨Աֻʹ֮ûǮɱˡ߲Ҳ֪֣ȴ֪Ѿɱˣõĺôˡ
ʲôͨѶﴫόЩôʲô˵㡣
ҶμҪЦˣϽɿһ˵ҶҪԴɱͳ˧֮⣬ƺ֪˴˴ŵĿͰѱȫΧĹϣ׼Ŵһ־սЩˣʲôʱܸҺô
˵ģôٲģҪǻܴ̽Ϣô붼벻ġ
ҶЦһ£ͰͨѶĸرˡ֮԰ϵľ͸¶Էпǵġ
У൱ǼȫӢԸովشȨȷʵδҶҪľʱ䣬ֻ㹻ʱ䣬ܹǰΣ⡣
˶ԷսͼԷ϶Ҳ˼ɣΪɳƽƵʮͷ۵ġҪǴĹɣϵ˾͹ҪֱϵĲӾͻĲǺ󷽼л㡣
ٻöͳ˧˼һ£벻Ͼ͹
ڣǴĴɱͳ˧ʱˣֻҪܰѶһǱߵɾͻϱ
Ҷһ˰֮ϡָ㣬Ҷκܿҵ˶ͳ˧ڵĵطֻҪߴսʿĵطǾǶͳ˧ŵĵط
׼ЩǿսʿҶδӿһ
ĻܿͷҶΣҲ֪ζʲôУսΡ
ҶεܣЩߴĻһɤӡʱ쳹صŭ˵һһĴӡ
ߴĻ׵壬һɤӸȷҡҡλξҪڵء
âȭ

䣡Ľ䣬ɵǽͷ˲忪Щ忪ĻҽжûзͱĻҽ
ÿñ˧ʲô˸Ҵ˧ĴӪһªӰҶεǰ


1574 Ĵɱ
ҶۿȥȴһޱӷףȾһ˫۾ǩһ弫Ϊɱļһվǰ
Ǳˣһ켸ռһ
࣬ҶôոյõϢ˵ʲôҪɱң˰ôĵӣȻɱ˧Ǿ֪һ±˧
˵ţ˫һΣǰȻֳһɻɫ̳Ŷ˫۲ȦתŻɫҶƮɢ
֪ɫ൱˵ãĵһ涾ֶʴţļ⾷ΪԼļȫһӲίʵޱȡ
֮ԱªҲǸϰ涾йصġҲ涾ʵǿĶ֡Ҳˣͳ˧λá
ҶκٺЦָǰһȵ֮缼ܣϯأ
ʱ˳Ҷεָһ쫷紵˳ŻɫûеҶεǰͱɢԱսʿȺС
໵Ĳҽڶմ˻ɫսʿһʮʹ൹˵ϣͼǵ岻ļĹǵĴ죬ǱԼļŪĹϡ
⻹û꣬ڼήһֱήһͣʹǽˡ
Ҷξ֪涾ǱǰޱҵľˣȻսʿʹĸоȴҶθͬܡ
һʱ䣬ҶһҪɱ˼Ϊȫ֣Ҷǿѹס뷨
һҶҶεȣ˸оʱնסһΨһܹƶģҶƮһƬҶ
ƬҶ·ΨһλƮ˹ȥ
һһСֻ۾ʱɵһСڱ˵һƬƮҶڶɱʱоǹһֵģҪ㿪ƬҶǲʹ
ܾȫԸҶһ룬Ҳʱ򣬷һҶѾƮ˶Ľǰ
һ˻ȻڲðŻɫ֭Һһš
û뵽Ҳ湻ݵģΪ˶㿪һҶȻԼƵ涾˺Լܹһ壬ԼҪȫڻС
һҶƮ˹ȥӶƮ˹ȥһĿӣڶϿֲѪŨŨĻɫ֭ҺðǾȿֲֶġ
ҶѡҰķսһһӡ˫ȭ·һǵķ
ߵ;˹ؾǷ׷ϳǽۿȴѵŵУһ˺޵Уƾһ˫ȭȻӲһܼĶɱһѪ·
ؾѪһӷ׷׽кá
Ҳôţˣ˭ͳŽı֣Ͼͻ硣
ǵؾɵģһǵصװӣһɳƽֱž
ҶεȻ磬ϣûмҶεġ
ЩҼžȴϵҶΣȻԶۼȴǿ˳
ˣˣоˣ
ҼžսʿϷһĻ
ֵܣҲȥһһһ
ֵܣš
˵ţʿһȣʹӹǵĳǽȥűҶεķ˹ȥ
ģһȥˣͿѪʿԼֱţ׷״ӳǽȥŭžͳ˹ȥ
սʿͱҶ͵Ĳбɱ¾Ūõսľһôʿ˹ʱû˶־׷׿ʼܣӣؾĳټսʿ̤ŵһӾɢˡ
ҶοǷǳѵģභľһʿڶʱĽڣ˭ʿߣֲսͻռϷ硣
ɶԷϾǰ֮ڰȻǰĲˣĲȴסͣŹӵԼˣֻԼ˹ȥˣϾͻԹؾչ
ˣҶδһɤӣȫ˶ޱµѾĤݰĳݣټϾͷԹǵؾϰҶε˻ȥ
˧˵£ҲûսһǾӳˣԼҲ£סͣϢˡ
ǵɳƽɹĻֱžĽ쵣Ρ컹Ҷεϲ£ؽҶβμӹϲֿŵϱѾһ˽λá
ؽҶϸ㱨˹ڵȻǳػûݣȥܼ֣ǣǵسǳصػûеҩջװãȱܹṩʯΪ
ҶҲüͷ£ҪסѾʵˣǣҪôͻΧѡ


1575 ͻΧ
ͻΧһҪϧһдͻΧ
ڽռȫĬȻΪغͻΧľͼ۹ˡ
ؽ˵ʵѾչҵۡػ޷˺ԷΧߣ޷ȥ
ؽͷһҲ˵ȥĻҪԵǼΪ׺Ķ֣ǾܵڳأùǼ̵ķԶɱˡ
ҶݸЦλֵ֪ܺôƺ
ϹʩĩǱʿл࣬ղгײ˵ĵط˼¡
ҶЦŰڰֵ֮жѪжҪ˵Ƶģǻоô
֮ɫһģ˵ڣǵĴ洢ؿ϶·һġҲҪ˵ҪشԮΪž͵ǹԮ֣ݴǵԣҪͻΧͻΧҪԣ򣬻·һ
ڽһ⻰л϶ʲôõ⡣ԣڽ쳤˲ӣҶ˵ʲôƻ
Ҷ˵ڣϣľ粿ӹԮǾͿĲչսѾ˵ˣԮġôһϣͻΧǾͿԲޱͷ۵Ĺսˡ
˵Ҷڵ´԰ڳ˹ǵܱؾҪͻΧŵĸͿһ
ΣľͻΧΪԷսʿ˰ϣѡӿгˣ˰սʿÿóŴзϿСǶڹǵľ˵ֱԵġ
ϵͻΧͳ˧ڵλãͱ࣬ȻʺͻΧΪйٵͨҲر
ΨϣΪɽֻдԼʮ֮ɽƹؽΧǡ
Ȼ˵˼ĪǳͻΧ
Ҷɫ˵ǻֵܣǳĸͻΧȫûǿͨĿռսԿռ䣬䲻⣬һȡʤġ
˵꣬ҶΰԼļƻгؽ⣬˶Ŀɿڴλˣ˻ƽһ䣬ľ
㻹òϣҶεÿһƻܹﵽսĿġһսĿҪǶﵽ˵Ļܳˡ
̴ˣܹûһث֣мӾѹ˷ΪڷôҶЩᷳˡڳµսܹˣȻðգҶЩĪ˷ܡ
ڽ׷׶սƻϸϵĲ䣬γһʱҶڽսƻȫﵽÿһʿ
ƻ´󣬹ؾȫԱȴżƻʼʵʩʱ̡
ȵҹĻٵʱеسǲȫ뿪ԼķأڹǵλüϡҹɫŨʱҶȻһѾõĴ󷨣ûκεĴĿӵġ
ǣɢĲӲӹâʱڹǵλγһֱĹâͨ
ţרŸ𶢷ô˵սʿһдĹâϾͷӦľ
ݣƿϣ˷еսʿȫգ󷢳Ĺ£ΪɵǵķڻЩսʿȫڹǷڻ𹥻Χ֮ͣ¡
ЩսʿһȫʹιŴĹҵĹʱһǿҵ˴Ĺ
ʮʱ䣬һ죬սʿ飬Ƭ
ȳǻ࣬ǧ𹥲ӣּڹⲿӣɹؾҪӹͻΧļ
ҶθһС͵Ĵ󷨣С͵ĴеҶεϣֻҪõҶεźţϾͿͨСʹ󵽴ҶΪٶҴ;̣ΧսʿҲ޷赲
ŲӾսʿƤ˹ǣΪսʿעڴʹϣԣڽߵЩûз֡
ҶǴʣǧˣڵȴŻǱߵĶаʱڹ棬ҵڻ
еڻȫ˻࣬ҶεİڻȫգֻҪܹӪҵĳͲϧһд򣬷ҲҪڻ𴢱ˣڵҲû¡
ڻһ죬Ҷ϶ؽ´ͻؽսʣж
໡еսʿź׷׵ϳǽӳǽȥҶǷ𣬳Űеսʿ˹ȥ
оͼҶλ˽ԪرŷĽâ˫ȭһڰеսʿͨսʿǲĴڣҶεǰȴǲһ
飬һҶȭսʿûô£Ҷεȭ»һ


1576 
ϰĵһߣ˲ͱҶĹǾӸˡ
ʱǲӾͰ佻սսʿ쵽ŵĵڶϡ
ҶηӰս嵽˶ǰأǣǰ尡
ͳ˧һʿ䣬սʿǵѪһһŭ𣬹ǵĴˮһµĵڶߡ
սʿƾѪ֮޷ֵסҶҰȭһȭȥսʿĽ䣬Ѫɣ˭ҿҶε߰
ͷܹӼҪãҶ޵һŵķߣ¸ҶߵԽԽ࣬γһŶһļͷ顣
ǧҶһȣҶε˫ɳԷߵľսʿһ̵סһա
ıʣʹսʿľͰעеϡҶεһŭȻЩסսʿ̼ͱʳһ̲⣬ѪĽһļ϶
ҵȥеսʿȫɵˡһ˲ɥʧеĶ־ҶɷһŵðıһӣޱȾŵתͷܡ
ĵڶߣ߽⡣ڶߵսʿȰ˵սʿһоλõĵȥ
ؽңֵǣ׷ȥǧҪ룬尡
սʿԼŭԼľģһֺöΣ׷ӵǰߵսʿ
ŵоѾҳһţǴ͵ķˣеĸ߼춼ʼδ
Ϊþɳսʿ˭֪ѵ˱Ƶ·ϣҪԤ˵ĴˡǳִʹĹâ͵õϢڶ£еսʿȫѴʹƻ
߳ڻʱ򣬶µĴ󽫾ֵ飬ΪһôעȻѰͻơ
ڶҪߺͱߵԮߵʱҶĹǴȻֱɱ
һʱ䣬ж϶Էսͼͳ˶⡣Ҫ˵ڶϣµıȫܶԹǴγϵơǣȨڹһҪսȨͱҪӣڶԷĲǺ󷽳֡
ܹԵγɺΧӶŤתսϵķ档ǣӿһ£ǿɲ˵ôôġһһ£ǾɽôĲһҪٴθı˶ǿɲ˵˵еġ
ڶ͸󽫾ΪǴǴĸΪͻΧʱ򣬶ϱսˡ
ԼƤ£ǴȻߣֱԼоɱˡ
۴УߣҿҪѵ˵ĳͷѹȥ
ɵ˧²װɣһߺͶֵܵܿɻ˾һء
ŭʲôһǱԷӴܣ˸ͲǵıսʿϿ𣬸ѹסˡͬʱߵˣҪǷ˵ˣ˭Żˣ
ĸ˵ϽȥϿ
ʱҶδĹǴ׷ۿžҪŵĵߡ
ȻڹǴ׷ǰʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬¡¡˷ϵػڻԶ̾еһ䣬ǵصڻ𣬻иʽԶ̾еͬһ˹
ľˣЩһǰ棬Լҵػһụ̂ȫݺǵϡʱЩһɳһ졣
ǴҲû뵽ԷȻɥĲΪ赲ĲӣȻԼҲҪڻź
ҶοòϴֹͣΣΣ
Ȼ˹ģĳ棬˵ܹͣͣģǵĲʵӵڻʼ֪ҪΣѾԼͣսʿղסţҲҪǰ尡
ڻ𲻶죬ܿ͵˹ǴͷϡһǹùǵĴʧһ֮ڡ
һæңǵĴǿֹͣ͵Ѱء
ؽҵҶ˵˵Ļ̫ͣѹֵ̧ͷҪҴһͻȥѵ˵Ļظɵ


1577 ﳤȥ
Ҷο˵أؽ˵ָӲӣ˵ĻҾˡסȻһҵϾǵ˷档;ʲô׼ֹͣҲҪڳ·ϡ
˵꣬ҶηһԾ˰յСҶεܣƵı棬һһ߶೤֣Ҷεγɡ
еķչҶεǰȫˡĵĻ棬ȷʵõĹսʿܵ裬ոձڻȥģȻбսʿǿſȲʡ
Ҷһͷɵ˵ߵϿգţҶδӰиŸͷҶұ۵һȭӳ
׵âҶȻӳһŰ׵ĹâҶбڰջǧ꣬͵зغȥ
첻ϣһ䵽˵淢˾ҵıըըһâӿ
һڻеϵսʿҵıըӵĵâͳͳ졣һʱ䣬߾͸߽⡣
ǴһƬڣеսʿԾҶεķ򻶺⡣
ҶοߵֻкܶϰҪЩܹ谭ǰеٶȡ
һҶεֱϹһ޴ȫɻ湹ɵͷŵߵĵرХӹ֮ϰȫɵӲճһͨ
Ҷλؽֵǳ
ؽϴδսһӣǣǴͨҳ尡
ǴźųŻ滹δϨͨһһ˳ȥ
վסҶΣɸҸһսһҹһҶε
ҶŤͷһȴһһڷ£ƾŸоһӦǸԪ˧ʵ᲻¡
һҶҶεȣ׷磬Ȼ·һӼžΧĿռƺסˣ̵ĿռƺֻһƬҶڻλ˶
ˢһҶƮƮǸڵĴԪ˧͸оһţԼȫͺ̼ûκεһһйƤһ̱
Ҷջ˷һҶһȥ׷Ѿ˷ߵĲˡ
ŵΧһ΢ƽ̹ĵ棬Ҷκؽ£ס˲ӡҶؽָӲźͣԼǸǱ߷˳˵źš
ӵҶε磬ϰѲ£ҶνСʹ󣬰˴͵Ҷεߡ
Ҷμеȫ룬ӴָóһͷЩܷеսʿϣȳԼܹеսʿںϺ
ҶιŻ׷ûϵǣŲû׷ɱҶκ͹ǵĲﳤȥ
Ҷαͼɱ֮ƣû뵽ȴɽһЧȻ׷Ҷ˵ǸϢ
ŹǵĴҶθϻɳƽĺѾҶεļƻһвãĸԶԶϸ
ҶΰѹǴ˽Ļ£ĺͺɳƽе˻ʹ顣
ĺͣԮʱûʲô쳣֣
ĺһ㶣治֪Ҷʲô˼һ˵󲿷ֵĹһǻӦģҪ˵һЩ֣ǿͷϴӦúõģȴǼȲҲҰлдܹŹ֡
ɳƽ˵ҺĺͱһЩЩԱ˵ҲǺ飬һЩɽ߻ʵԶ˵ʱ˵ʲô쵼˵ʱͲ㡣̫ˣôǿʢҲеĵطȫչ˵ɣ
ĺͺȻ˵ָɣҪȻҲЩˡ
ҶصͷָĸĴ󻼰ǣҶξͰԼ飬˸⹴֪һЩܵĺͺɳƽ˵һ顣
ĺͺɳƽһۣӶԷ￴𾪡
ʲôȻйܣ˵Ҫҵڼ鰡ڼҪǲĻпܾĺЩסˡ
ɳƽһ˵вУǾʹЩһٶ֣ܹҵ˿ģȻ˳ϣҳĻ֮ˡ
ҶҡͷУ֪и߼ڼ飬ͬǾܵϢΪ֪ҲࡣҲֻ֪ôˣǴѰңпܾͻᱻԷ֪Ļĸ߲ͻ֪ڲҲи߼ڼˡ


1578 
ĺͺɳƽϾĬȻˣ⵹˵ǲˣΪҶ˵Ķ̫Ҫˣ˴εٵʷȺаһϸǸ߼ļϸʵ̫ˡ
ҶƿصļҪϧһдԱġߣ޷׼ȷ֪Ǳߵˡ
Ҷγ˵ü֧Ԯȥһǵĺ󷽣סЩӣһҪ׼ֻҪǸŷӴ̾ͳĺͣҪ׼ʱӦ
ĺ͵ͷӦʵ⣬ô°ѵǵϸƻͲҪʵʩô
ҶεĺͣԲΪȥЭЩж쳣ҪһƣȥһҪ飬ЩһƬҪɢһЩڲϢ
ĺͣҶζɳƽ˵ɳԪ˧㸺ӦԮסһҪԮǵֱž֮£һҪǿ쵼ϸִоҪʱɱһӰ٣򲻿ΪЩԮǵļƻ
ɳƽĺȥҶĵľǱߵ֮һսԣǾս˫ȫûûйָͬ߼֮ս
Ҫһ˭Ҳ䲻ģҪֳʤս
һֱûϢĺ߷˷֡ҶṩѡĺͰصı쳣ĸŲһ飬ЩȻ쳣ľٶܹ֪ҶκĻܵ
֮ĺµķ֣ЩڵȽϼУңǶһźľǾڵҡ
ҶγΪ֮󣬱ֵ쳣ߵ֧ҶΣϣ쳣ģֳƣΪ䷶
ǣͬʱָЩ쳣źĽװʱҸ⼸ҼƵ
ĺ͵ĵ飬Ҳֻ˵쳣Ҳκε֤ܹ˵Ҹйᡣ
Ҷ˲ĵһԭΪĽǸ߲ʿû뵽Ȼҡ
ɻ˵Ҹ⹴ᣬôԼþ߲鱨ľأ
˵ͨʶԼµʶӣԼǣҲԼЦɣΪ˱ȫԼԼļ嶼ܸˣܹʱΪʲôðΣգ
ȻҶʲôĺ˵ĺͣôһ˵ҵЩüĿˣ˵ң˵ΪһУѩ̿һľٶ߲ʮον
ͣһ˵һرˣڻﻰ͸¶ʵپ޴Σ㳲ʵĻҷǳԽ֮Ҫ̸ɫ̸ѡ
ĺͱ㰴Ҷ˵ȥˡ
Ҷ˼죬ݣˡ
ܹԽӦǴ»߲ΣֻжǳɡЩҶκתᣬ磬ĸ߲㣬ΪȨԭֲȣŸ̸е˼
ź˫˼ģһǿ̸һǻԷߣͨڲڼõһ鱨ʹ߲һŲɣȻǷڼ黹ڻ֮СҶţͨ϶ǻеϢ͸¶ȥġ
һڼϢȥҶλожڼ鸶㹻Ĵۡ
ҶδϢϰĦĽеߡĸˣҶޱεġ˵ҶβɳƽĺͣΪҪӴʵ̫ˣԭһЩҪӴԣЩ黹治ȥɡ
ĦĽû鷳Ǿ帺Ĵ󽫣ֻܾӣǾΪһл
ټ˸ҶιͬϲսľӢĸܹҶηĵġ
ҶΰĦĽеｻǵġĿǰս˵ʵǲġǷӹǳˣҲ޷ڸǵܵս
ԣҶҪһϵʤʿӲƴȻǺʵķԷǺ۵֮ͽĻĲǺ롣ڲҶҲоôġ
ҶνĦĽѡǧľҪǾҳϣϹսѪսʿѡɺֻܼһ£ֱƹֱ쵼ҶＯ
ĦĽȥҶɳҪȴȴһĻᡣᣬǲѰģҪȡ


1579 ϮӪ
ԺҶڵϢ
ҶΣԼѾ»߲Σֳ߲˽Ȼɣһų׽սе׵ģΪֻ磬ܹȷһȶռ䡣
գ߲γɵǣʱȽǿװͷ
Ҷεᣬʱ㣬߲㴫һ鱨˵ҪչһξжԿ϶ǣڶϸж
ڣҶοԶ϶⹴ӦþˣǲҪ鱨һͼɿܱߵһ档
ڲǶʱʱҪţȵ˺ʵʱҶԶ֣Ȼʰҵġ
ҶҵǬǵĵͼϸоĵòǬһΪ涼¶ʯͲʺķܣԣλúܽȴûʲôֵ
ԣǬϾ͵ĴǼʴһڵ㡣ûж˰أӦú׾ܹ
פǬϣҪռ̬ƣͱҪסʹһҶεļƻпʵˡ
ҶĦĽѡǧܽ뵽ʹУȫе˻ҵĽصС⣬еϢһɷ˵лܵľжĺͺɳƽ֪ĲҪȥʲô
оӻ£һҶβŰԼҪʵеļƻ˵ǾǶŵĴӪһͻϮж
Ҷϸ˼ƻĦﵯûľǧ˸ԼͻһΪӦסǬǵĴͨ
׵Ҷһǧ˴ӻʹصĴִǬ򡣵ִλãҶξѡģյλãһ͹סǬӾࡣ
Ҷǧ͵㣬ľǧڵλÿ£
Ҷδžǧһ·ǰУһ͹λãҶþͣĦһ˵Сӣ͹λߵ㣬۲һҶα棬ȷʵΧʹפӪկ
ԷķǳܣǸҰǳ£˵ǴˣǶһҪԷӪկһܲ׵顣
Ҷһ£ĦԭشԼжԼ͹λԹ۲һµΡ
ȥսʿӾĳֱǬǾķܵء
ҶĸԼһ󷨣еϢȫ͹ĲվӪؿ˹ȥ
ΧСӸУսʿûзҶεټҶţԽԽ˵Ӫկˡ
ȻһѲߵսʿ͵ͣǵϳһ߶೤ıӣ²ͣ鴤ӣȻеã˴ˣϿ췢
䣬һﶸȻ巢ǵĹͼѪͬһ̱˵ϡ
Ҷαһ߼һٿΧĲӸĦǹû뵽Ȼôһսʿ
ѣҶֻ÷ȥһȭȰһûзһȴϢȥˣֻҪԸԷһʱ䣬һ죬ǽмƻȫˡ

˲䣬ҶεǿʶһըһȻĴӣʶ֮£бҶʶսʿȫҶθסˡ
ҶθϽĦźţĦõźźϾԼִصĵطҶεķ£
ޱ޼ʵӪկģ˵ͨսʿˣĦоͷƤ顣ȻźţӲͷƤҲҪϰ
˶ǣ׳ŵӽӽŵӪկеսʿǶѾԼɾǱĮȻûһ
ĦҵϽߴ¸ϽҶηźŵĵطܹȥ
Ҷʱʵڿ֧ţҪ֪ǿźüǧ˵ĹģҶεʶôǿҲְܾ
ʱҶȫԷһʰڵһܷɣһʧȥ˿ƣһʾеͶˡ
һĦ˾͸ϵҶĦҶεɫЩԣϽСôˣ


1580 ʳʬ
Ҷ΢һ±˵û£ҰԭƻȥǵĿŵľ٣Ԫ˧죬ж
ĦҲҶʣһ֣ĲϰǰƶõĹźãսսǰ˳
һͻϮҶȫȡսʿȫͬװսʿȫЯлװԶ̻енսее
Ϊǧ˵ĲͻϮ֮ʦܹﵽͻȻԣ˻ҲڶʱγɶԿɶЩͻϮĶԱ˵⡣
ȡֱֵĸ䱸Ȼŷ꣬ǾͻϷˣ޷Ͷ뵽սȥȡĵսʿ߱ȫ׵װͿһйȻַϳܹŶӵַϢʱ䡣
Ƚ빥״̬ģĦǧͻӡЩԱУ˵ĶԱȡ׵״̬Լеڡ
ϺվЩԱĶԱǰվԭһߵĶԱǰ岽Ȼݽаʱʱ䣬ŰԼĵҩȫɾڵþ֮еڹȫקϵƴ̾е˵ߡ
һǳгͣҶƵڣǳ֮ҲԶԷź˷ͣȴǱЧڵը䡣
ĳУսʿ֯Чĵֿͱ˷ߡ
ĦǧˣŵߣҶμĦսƣĦսÿλãȡ֮ﵯսӡ
ŴʱѾҳһ࣬ľжǵӡǴûġڰǰȻ˸͵Ϯ
ߵնԴµļ󽫾ӭС
ҺҲ֪Է˭ͼ󽫾ɵ˰֮ϣеͨȻҵ﹥˧ǻ¸˧һô
Ҷεȵľһ̣ӻһԾɵ˰֮ϣǺǺǣҵ¼㣬ҾôһҪתӰ
ʱɫЩˣʵôҹʦģҲֻλˡǴһ˿ңҶαϾܹÿһζðô
ʲôʲôҶδˣ
ҧгݵҶΣ⣬ϴǱ㰵㣬ǻûúһأȻˣҲͱˡӣ
Ŷһ£ڶŵսʿУвٵսʿ׷˰գһִηɫվ˶ǰ
ҶξȲѵ鷢ˣЩսʿһץͽԼѪС
ǣȻЩսʿһӲȥˣÿһսʿһ֣һ̳˼ʮսʿԺ󣬾Ȼ͵һСɽһ״̬
ҶΣڹǲҫԼжǿôǾȱȣ˭
˵ţһΣͷɵҶεǰֱۻǺ岻ɱǾ̳ԼʮսʿԺֱ۾͸ϱ֮һִ
ͼһӣҶεɨ˹һɨʮͣҶ첲ɨĵطȻһĿ
âȭҶκη壬һȭӭȥ
һҶξ͸оԼȭͷǻ˰ܸһԷ弫ͶȣҶεһȭȻҶεһȭ֮ȻԷĸ첲ȫ˻
Ҷڰи޷Ͼ޴ķа֮ԶҶɵʱ򣬹ֶȴûͣǧʹգۼͲס˶޴塣
ҶΣЩûõġһ߿ЦһϴҶη˹
ҶεĲٿ£Щų̵Ƕ嵯ʮ㣬ȻϱΣѶѹһʱȻö𣺡ҿ
˲䣬岻ͣЩſΪ͵ٶ죬Щ׷׶ѣӶ廬
Ҷεһȣڶ߷ԲʮɵķΧڣ潫ΧסһƬУһͷֱ˹ȥ
Ȼһ㣬ͷԼɹ̧־һȭӲȥһ죬ͷȻһȭ飬ͷɽĵ𻨡
ҶΣ˵ҲŵģЩСƵĶûô㲻ܹʹһֶôǸе˼ʹɣҶЩȲˡ
Ҷһݣû뵽ôֶΡղʹóֶΣǰҲԲȻ͸ƽˣʲôа
ڴʱħҶѵˣԷʹõĳаʳʬܹбɵʬȫչ鼺ãҪɵĻĻûǿʹʹߵʵڶʱڱＸʮǾ޶ֵġ
ҶɫʳʬԵ÷ǳ֡


1581 ȫʤ
Ҷûʱĥˣϵս뵽˽ŵ״̬ͻӻռųϵƣûκģֻҪܹսȫսͻӾȫûĽ֡
ȻҶεԺȻһԷӵױȵΪЩŵ¶ԷôǿҪܹöԷɣǲʲôô
ԦħҶκϧܵڵһħУȭЩħͷ˳ȥ
ʱЩħƣһħΧŶбһһ档
ɣʱëȻʲôаµľǷɡ˷ɣͲǹͿˡ㲻ûΪĿƶʹԼʧʱɼֻ֪ʳĳаˡ
뵽Ҳ˲ϱˣһ˺ѷεĺͷܡ
ڶߵļ󽫾ʱɵˣͳ˧ѾܵˣЩһʱ֪ôˡ
ɵۣҶȴûɵۣħչڣȻԼȫŭ𣺡
ҶϻóŰ׵ĹâЩâȻǰǼ󽫾ȫС
⼸󽫾ʶͷҪܵʱȴԼڵ糱ˮһⱼӿ
һʱ䣬󽫾ޱļµİǹԼйеĿ־壬ȴ˵ϻôսʿڿǵı֡
ʮʱ䣬󽫾еͱҶθˣʧȥĴ󽫾׷״Ӱе䣬ͻԱǰͱնɱսʿǰĴ󽫾ǳ׵شݻսʿġ
һĻսʿ˲ͱˣͳ˧Զݣ󽫾⸱ģһСս
µľɧңΪɧǻᴫȾġһֱܵұ˭Σյʱһ뵽Ǳ
ʱиƷĽһƾ棬ɧֹܹΪͳ˧ݣߵĴ󽫾ҶθʰˣԣɧҵʿиûܹƾĽ졣
Щ²Ҫֹɧҵľ棬ΪƷ̫ͣʿͲָӣɧҺܿӳһƬ
־£֯ͻӾǻȺһɱ¾ûЧĵֿͻӺУͲսǱ˷ܸײײ˵ġ
ҶβòıսѳαƶеķضΣֶǰƣżͻӵ
Ľ˵ǳҶεԤϣĿѾﵽˣ͵Ϯ˵˵ĴӪҸɵ˼󽫾
ҶЩδĸоָͻӣǬϵʹ˳Ƶˡ
Ҷδͻӣûʲôֿ͸ϻصԭĵص㡣ôʹҶδһǧ˻ص
ȫʤնķᣡҶͻӣ˲İˣ˲ˣȡ͵ϮŴӪ˵зͳ˧նɱ󽫾ƵǬǴʹĹôۣǲΪġ
ҶΰذϢĳ͢˵˳Ļ̵̻ĳöʱ˼Ѫһ˷ܡ
ʤףҪŽоսЩﲻĿ꣬ǰǴĶϻصȥ
еʱʱ־ôѲ⣬ŴɱķҪٳµʱη壬ֻŵ޴ڡһȡսäĿֹ۵ӿֳˡ
ҶεʮѣǬǵͻϮʤܱҳµһʤԲǾԵʤ
ŵʵڣһҪϣң֮սصԼĵ̵һ˾ͷӮ˾ܹˡ
Ҷζµƣ쳣ķе˵˳ָŵս⻹ֻСС֣սں档
˱Ҫõ׼ǣ˴սԲΪʧͻ˻ǵĵ̡Ѿû·սһˣҲҪס
һУҶζʵ侲ķʵҶĵĲǶ֣Լƿصδһش⣬ⲻҶξ޷ĶԸ
ŵİսҶôҲҪóʮĲӲУ⻹ڶԷչսǰ¡ԷλսèèҶмĲӲŹ
ʵǣҶα˵ǰ򲿶ӣǼʮ򲿶ӶΪǣȹ̵ĺ󷽣ҶοԷĴ󵨳ȫӳ
ҶҪǵǷ¼ʮ򲿶ӣûǿĲ򳡣ǰҶˣܳ¡
ӸطװǾ͸ˣǰæսԣҪԼĲһָӣԣǼֱǳ˵Ρ
Ͼ˼ҵװЭģƾʲô㵱ڻҰҶԼǰƣϲһսֻ֮Ҫ˶Ҫ󣬸Ͳźˣ˭ǹӶǱ֤Լͳεĸ᲻ϧһƴΪЧΰɡ


1582 ǲҰ
Ҷλ㱨ʱĺһ飬ű͵Ϯһ£Ĺǣ׳һƣųҪǾս
ҲɵӣǸľܽرãҲͿ԰սˡ
Ҷξĺ͵뷨еĺ͸ãɳƽӣϲرҸŴϢҽоսĻһϸߵ͡
Ʒ˳ȥȴǳû·鱨ԱϢȻǬפû˿춯
Է죬ҶЩģŲԼȫڵԤսϽоս
Ҷζͼ죬ҲûпԷʲôͼ
ҶξԼбҪ鱨ĺͰе鱨ԱͳͳȥҪϸĵ鱨Ҫ˵Ĵ嶯
С˺ܶ࣬ϾҶ׼һ̣ȻõɣɴҲûʲô˵ġҲ֪Լʧ٣ɴͱ졣
磬һβɳرòôȻȻͻˡ
һʮ춼ûʲôҶҲССһ£ȥӡ
û뵽ҶλʱԼʮָ˵Ҷ磬ѵսºתˣҶΣֻҪ˽³ϣǽҶҶ硣
Ҷ΢Щƣ룬΢΢һҲûʲô˵ģộȵԮռˣȻͻˡ
ЦǾãҿһæûûҹġȻս²ԽˣҲúúϢһˡ
Ҷûиʵ飬߸¡ĸҶޱȵҸУҲЩΣԼûŻеӺúģҶ˵ǲԭµ顣
ǺǺǣݲϢνģؼҪʱźӡ۶ǲˣ
˵ţҶΰѶĶϡ
ߵ㣬֪һǶӣһǸŮأ
ҶЦ¹ǶŮҵĺӣһףôȻϰһӢ䣬ŮôȻǻһǣ֮ҶεĺӣһԵĴڡ
̲סЦŴҿԼˣȻЦ
δ棬ⲻңȻҶû֣֮ܶȴȻ䴳˽
Ůʱ£ˣĺҪ
ҶβɵһĺͿǸϳɳصˣ֪Լˣûʮ𼱵飬ĺͶȻǲġ
Ҷ˵Ȼˣǲ˽ɡ
Ҷΰֵ㻹ϢɣĺͿܸһЩ£֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬϶̫㣬ʱ㰡
˵꣬ҶθϽĺ͵ɫ֤ҶεĲ²Ǻ׼ġ
ĺûֱӻ㱨飬ҶθԼߡҶκŸĺ͵ȴѾͷܶˡ
֮⣬Ҳ˲١
һҶιϽ׷׼Ҷһ֣ʾҲҪ̣ҶεøϿ˽
ɳƽֵˡļƲߣƭǵ鱨Ա󲿶͵͵ﵽǸѸײڶ֮ƹǣϵȫ¾ɾҪƣϽͶȻ
ҶͷһؽҧȻ
ɳƽ̾ϢȻϵǲͶ³
ɶȻľ֮ǽɱ¾ֱɥĲ񣡡
ҲѹҶŭҪ֪ǸΪҵó׵ɢءԭֻҵʲôܡ
ʱҪĶ֮⣬Ψһܹͨ׵ģϽס
ûκεȨϣľһãŷҲֻһԭǾǹƽס
ûκεʵҽףΪɫɫҰҲҪһЩòģֻҪǸ㹻Ĵۣȫܹõ
ԣңĬǽ׵ļɢأȾָһСϣõĻƣΪҶҪһط
ϱعҲ˵ĹģﲻбĶ֣˵Ǿеˣճõĵߣڽϡ
Ϯǣ͵޴һȺ˷ѪȵɱڵǵǶô̵ĳµĺְ
ҶκȻʶпǹǽѾϰͰһķ֪ûаմӮֻܸĻĿꡣ
ǱϾ緶ΧڵֻҪ˲ҰΪͳͱҪԴӦ
һҪȥűԾͻŵˡһ֣Ҷʼδһʱ䣬ҶҲûкõİ취ˡ


1583 ﻢ
ϣ˶뵽˳ĬУ˵ĿҲеҶεϣԱǸڵҶóһ
Ҷκ᳹ԣȴûѡˡ˵ʲôĴ޷ƽġֻд򣬲ܹ£ʱδʧɢġǸﻢµľ棬ȻˣǾһ´ӡ
ɳƽϼʮϸĲӣȫǣմ˵ѪЩֻһĿ꣬ǾǰȫҶɫ
ɳƽ˳ĺ͸ϽѻתƿҶλ㱨ʹӦ⡣еĴȻܹЯҪʣЩʵĿһ˵޵׶
ò˵ĺһǳڴ񣬵˼ʹϵĺ֣һתƻ⣬˵עּеˡϾ漰ʵʵʵĻ⣬ţԴظģͶɾ͵ýˡ
һʱ䣬ϵնתոջһѪڣҪź޲ϽֵļƣϾͻ˹ӦʵĽƽϡ
Ȼڵϣ˭ܵ˭ҪֳһΪߵĿ겻ϧһеı飬漰ʣ˭жٳ㣬ҵٶ࣬Ҳսİ
ĺóһȽпϵķǰеԼֵ֮ģʣ֮һ԰
ǲ顣ڵʱϵֵʱô˵Ҳ֮ϵʹӦھȻˡ
û˻ῼǵʵû˻˵εսͬǰСģı߽Ħ˫һĴԿ漰棬˭Լڰ飬쵼ߵ顣
Щʱ͹ᱻڸǣѾСֹǰʱڵ
һУȫûӹҶεĶ䣬ҶѹסԼķŭ˵˾Ͱ׼ִаɣʾĺͣеȫȥ¡
ĺҪЦЦһգԼЦҲſɬȣ˵ʲôҲûˣ˭Ĺأ˵ǸˣڲֲͷҲʼˡֻ˵ʵұֳˡ
Ҷ̾ϢǰȨ棬δʱ飬˭ܱ֪һȴΪɵܷ߳ԼС̡
ĺʵѵҪɳƽԪ˧Ŵһܣ鲻ɳԪ˧ľֻʮǿԷĵģȣʱﵹæǲˡ
Ҷһ˵ҲϸˣôĲӣʱһ޷ġǱҪҵһɣô˴γĺͣڼôˣ
ĺصе˴ĿˣԿ϶ǣҿ϶ˡռ鱨˲ٵйǵľϢұ㱨ģԽԽ˾ģǣܹ㰡
ҶЦҪҪ˰Ͷǲǿ֣ûйѣѾǹܹ͵ˡĺͣԴȷЩô
ĺʹĿ꣬һЩǰʱһĹһǼʴ壬ЩһΪ˶죬ԵԼᱻ㣬ټϻһɿԶ֮ͨġ
Ҷһüͷ˵ĺͣûʵʵ֤ݣ
ĺҡͷЦЩЩ˶Ѿˣؼûҵܹ֤ݡһ㶼ңʱʹǳСġ
ĺͣʱͲҪˣͷϵʵ˹ȫ·ţյ񲿶ӣһҪûʳǵİȫ
ĺ˲һѵ˻ûң
ҶĿζ˵Ըаɣĺͣ˵ǲʲôΣûôΣôֵ鷳ĸоأµĶ֣Զʱ׼һԼ˰
ĺЦǰֻҪĴ󵨳ȥˡһ̯ӣĸҲġǲһڲĴ
Ҷϸһɼ˵ҪˣⲿĵǿҲ򲻿ǣڲߣһأúúһˡ
ĺʮͬҶε뷨Ͱйڼ鱨ȫ㱨ҶΡ
ܵ˴ĿģһңǼʴиļЩֱǲظһѼ⵶


1584 µԼ
Ƿȱģ֤ݡҶһ£ĺȥ׼Լ飬֤ݵ飬ͽԼˡ
ҶᣬѯΪʲôǵ¼ûȸͨ
һ˵ˣиǾһλϣٴ͵飬˷˵䣬ֻҪּ죬ͻش⣬ʱͿһˡ
ҶԴ󺧣ϢԵģԭΪڼҪֵˣû뵽ֵԽԽ
һϢ˵·׼ǽб߲׼⣬ŵжʱҪл㱨Ҷλûô֣ع
ӦһҶġ
Ҷһ뵽˳˼֮УɳƽһǹûһڼжôҲûϵڼȻô
һ£ҶܰĺͺɳƽһĶԲߡ
ȥҶΣɳƽĺ;벻˭ܹô
Ҷξðһգɳƽĺ˵Լļƻƻɳƽ
ĺ˵ǲ̫ðˣҪмһҾжԴҲġ
ɳƽ͵ǰʮ֣Ҷûʲô˵ǣáðգʵ̫ðˣҲͬ⡣
Ҷһ˵򲻵ѣҲðաģ㹻İȷһСʱ᲻úײǣΰ
ĺһ˵㿴вɳƽʮֱžʮţͿʮľ񲿶ӣȷһʧ
ҶҡͷУڼǵָƣڼĶĿﲻǸ֪ŹǵɳԪ˧ǵĲӣɾΣˡ
˵ҶչЦö˵ˣͰռƻִаɡĺͣɳƽһ·ָӣҾԷġ֮˴ߣٰ˸Ҵһажλˡ
Ҷһ˵ǴģҪ¶˾ģ˭ҲⲻġĺͺɳƽһۣҡҡͷȥҶεļƻִˡ
ĺ䷢گʹǷµѪʾѪծһѪΪˣ񾡳һҪѷѪȫɱԸοԩꡣ
گٴңʱӦͬ飬һ¶⣬ԭеŻ֮ӦȫگһĽͬΣǺҪսһ̵ġ
ĺɳƽһ죬Ҷνӵʮ𼱵鱨ͨԼ鱨ϵͳѾ֪ҪǱ顣
Ҫ˵ĺ͸ö󣬵õ鱨Ҳʲôϡ¡ؼǣ߲õеϸ
ƺƴǰŰյӦǱâģɸ߲оҪǵֵһ
ҶԴɿתսʿЦҪ֪ȵʱȷʵŸ粿Ӿս
εĴۣŵʿѾˣǺܲʺϴ̵ģҪȻҲȥ
ŵǰܱ֮ľ°šεĿУǾ˵ҪбսʿмֵĶֵ
ҶκȻо˵ıζϴ˵ĴѵоѲߣܹõֲʧĽ
һ£Ҷ˵ᣬҪעⱣԼˣûرش飬ͲҪϵˡһУҪİȫΪһĿꡣ
ԺҶɳƽɳƽһǣ£ҪЭָӺһһҪѶָˡ
ɳƽûϵƻֱˣԭ׼һǹŻٵڵһҪҶҲû̫Ľͣɳƽ֪̫ĻйǣɵԪ˧˵Խ򵥣Խ׷ͳ˧ܶԡ
ɳƽĺҶżǲܹȫʤȫ˶ǲġ
鱨Ʋ⣬߲ϵİսʿľߣջ
ɳƽĺʹִǣľʮ򣬶һٶ򣬶γϵơ
ҶεɳƽĺƶϸսƻϽ֡
ҶεõսݵĻ㱨ѾҹˡʱҶڴ뿪ĺֻͣʲô鶼Լϡ
ݱ˭˵һܹ˷ܵ飬ɻûҶ˷Ȼ䣬Ҷξ͸оΧĿռ͵ĸо
ɿռ䣡Ҷζָоʵ̫Ϥˡʹþɿռ죬ѾҶζϱˣһƲлˣǴҲô̵ʱڻָԭˮ׼


1585 ̬
Ҷһ£̧ͷݶյķЦȻˣΪʲôأû뵽ıȻ󱳾ʲôϵѵΪֶξܰô
ǺǺǣû뵽㻹ôһж֮ڰɣ˭ûأ
ҶζپͷһֱŸͬˮһ˼ҪɵˣôҲ
һӰſڣʥַǣҰĲֻһȫζˡ
껾߽Ҷΰ칫ĵط۾ĴɨŰ칫صеһС
һУһǣƵġ龫ΪңΪڵĻҵ׳ȫഺ껪ڣһжˡ껾ḧŷǽڻа裬ǸоǸñط֮һ
Ҷκһ˵ѵΪͿԸᣬͼƵȻ½ô
껾׳鴤һ£¶˼ɫߣҶΣһǿ㶮еһУΪǿ߶ġĴУӦǻѪУðҵѪ
ߣһҶĳûзȻأûʲô˵ģ˫ַϾˡֻս³Խȴ̣ҴԻ뿪Ҷᷳؿ껾һۣҶεѾûн̸ˡ
껾ЦҶΣΪ˵һôûһ˻ѾȨųģʹǸഫȨѪɺӵģѵ֮ôĸô㣬ϱǿĴеǣ˵ʲôҲҪˡ㻹֣ʧ
껾ԼҲˣؼ껾ҶеĵߣԼˣǾԲܶԷвģ
âȭҶһȭ껾ؿڴ
ӲӵĽâһֱߣҪ껾ؿڣȻʱҶκȻоΧĿռ䷢˹ı仯ۿһȭ껾ؿڲľ룬ξȴһ㣬ƾҶô޷
򣿡ҶξޱȣҪ֪Ĵʹó෨ЧҶҲǲͻƣ˶ϱϴսһһЩУҶζڴһЩֶѾһһûзˡ
ڣҶξȻǶǰľ޷ǰһ㣡ѵ껾ıȻ
ͷҶȻɫһУ껾ЦҶΣôҲԸ˵Ĵڰողţôôı飿ѵ㺦ˣ
ſЦ껾һȭҶεȭͷҶξ͸оԼǱһɽҵһ󵹷ɣһ˺üǽڲͣ
Ҷǿ壬˺ûκεӰ죬껾ֳʵȴҶľѡ
껾ѾҶεǰһ֣ȻҶθץסˣҶβǲ㣬ҲǲŷҶ˼ϵʯţȴƫƫʲô
껾¶һĨ̵Ц⣬г˲п᣺ҶΣһУѾǴԣûбҪˡ
˵ţ껾һ˦֣һҶεؿ֮ϡ
ǣһֲҶθоԼĹȻͬ绯ʯһȫΪ촷ۣڵѪҺǣȫѸںϵһΨһҴģʣƤͼˡ
Ҷζʱһ껾̱
ָҶѾˣʶȴǿĿšȻ뵵ոո֣Ͼʧˡ
껾ϳ־ɫҶΣû뵽³ɣֻصҵֻ껼ңΨһϷͳߣһ㣬ǵģҲ޷ıģ
Ҷûʱȥ껾ĿҰʶȫǺѪҺĻѰ֮ܡڣΨһϣ֮ˡ
껾ҸоĺܱѵΪȨʲôܹóôѵʱ򣬾Ͳ¿ʹôҶѾ˵ˣǣʶȴ껾Լ˼
껾΢΢һһ£¶Įɫûʲô˵ģΪ壬ӦΪ˻ҵ۹һУڵ۹ǰ˵һȫڵңҪľ򡣡
ߣһвԼѵ˵ǰˡ治֪ôģҲס̸ʲôңҿҵˣ
껾ɫ䣬ҶεϺݺһţҶѾ屻һż߳һš
죡һСһıһʲôʸһУҪ֪ŻѪŰһͳγһĻҲֻѪͳˣͳ磬ʲôȨ


1586 
껾ı֣Ҷʶʲô
Ҷ벻׵ǣ껾ôô޷ƣУ껾ôܹ϶챳أ
Щ׸껾ʱ껾һ£ǰʵҶΡ
ʵ껾ڱԺȷʵҡǸʱȻȫȨȴޱȵľɥΪеһУȥôãȴһ㡣
Ǿ껾屻ˣз˲˵껾ǸʱûȨļ̳⣬ҲȷʵҪͷϾŮӣµĺӾǱ˼ҵģôҲƽ⡣
ʱ껾оԼ˺ǲûио壬Ȼĸо󣬾Ȼܹ΢һˡ껾ָˣΪԼоˡ
˭֪һеıźصıġ껾ޱȵҸеʱ򣬺Ȼһʶ뵽ԺУ껾һʶ
ʶ껾ܵ˺ȫƺãɻָԹܣ⡣ң벻ǿƿ
еǰ˵ˣԷֻһҶΡ
껾ͬǸʶյЭ飬Ǹʶʵĸԭһ̶Ͻа껾ҪԷɵҶΡ
ˣһжΪԼ껾ΪԼúңⶼ˵ǣᣬԻй¶ԷпܻᵼĴƽ٣ѵΪһ֮˽Ҳ㲻ʲô𣿡ҶηŭشԼ˼
껾ϲ̵һţҧг˵ҶΣһжԼɵģ˭ôǿ֮ڶûʲôҶ㡣ֻŪͷȻٰƵϣٵܰȫ
֪֪пܾһܣΪеһжʵ˼ˡҶ˵
ЩҪǵģֻ֪ɵ㣬ҾûԭһУֻҪڣĻٴ˶ʱֻ֮˭ûʲôֶأ
껾Խ˵Խ˷ܣȫЩɪɪָҶ˵㣬עһԻ͵עţֻǱеҳӡҶΣиߵ͹ģΪ߹Ļ嵱ʯģȥɣ
껾ıȣһźâ껾ϸ֣źâ˲ͰҶθûˣҶξ͸оԼ屻âʴһ뵽âС
еĴ껾ôܹô̵ʱܹѴʹõأ
һҶҶ治óֶΣ껾жôɥĲ񣬵ķϣҶξͲܶ껾ʹɱ֡
ǣѾƵˣҶ֪ʹĹˣֶͨμڵ״̬޷Ѵɡ
ʱܾܲ껾׸ɣҶʹһҶž֪һУҲҶεġ
һҶΡΡҶεƮΧĿռ䶸ȻһƺֻһƬҶ˶
͸غâһҶֱ껾ĲȥۿţһҶҪն껾Ĳϡ
Ȼ·ĿռȻ΢΢һŵĺâУͻأһַֻֻ֣·һ覣Ȼһ־ĸо
ֻٶҲ죬ȴһץס˷һҶ䣬ΧĿռҶһ£·綼뵽˱һ㡣
ͬʱҵĿռ䶶ôγɵźâһҶҶҲɴ˰˴֡
ָҶʶץסһ֮ܣԼǿĻָâ˲סҶε壬ƵĹâ£Ҷε죬գۼͻָ
Ҷ֪ԼʣĻᲢˣھֻǿֶסľ档
ӲӵĹâȻһ䣬ԭɢĽ⣬գۼͱ˷·һȻơ
껾ں¡¡ĿռУعζʱѾĹâȫˡ
סô⣬⡭ô£ôôûˣ껾ޱȣոջǻôһ˿ûˣ
Ҷҡͷ̾Ϣееģǽֵֻ棬壬ʲôҲˡʵеһУȥޱʵ˵ʵһûһζѡ
ⲻܣӵ˭Ҳ޷ƥеôأ껾Ъ˹ﺰ


1587 ӡ
껾ڸûʲôҶҶҲ껾ϺķҶջ˴껾̱̾ڵء
Ҷûж࿴껾һۣǵĿֻֻֻ֣еӣ·ʦĵһƷһ
Ҷδֻϸо˱컹ҪΣյĸоѾǴˣֻֿ˵ѾԶԶ˴һ򣬸ոջֳһķ򣬸һҶһεģⶫӦþ֣ǾԲСġ
ڣֻһɣһҶصҶε
ӸղŷһҶֵĽɢĿֲĿռѶ˵һܵش˷һҶԲʵãΪֳĶҪ̫Ļֻ»̫鷳
ҶΣǰֻҪܹΪһ޶ĶǾûģڣе񶼲ĴڴҵġԼ˶ϣҽұΪ֮
ҶδҲ̫˰ɣҲ죡˵һֻССˣˣҪҵҲմ󣡡
ʱ껾ǿΡΡ˵ˣ˵ҪôҶĹİҶΣһᰴּһеġ
ֺֻһ˵ֻõһѣڣʲô鶼ˣ㻹ʲôüֵôô˹֪֮һ㶼治֪ôϻλġ㲻ǸзϣҸһʱɺˡ
껾ʱ£֪Ѿ껾Ŷһ£ȴֻصԭӣǲзʱĸоԭҶ˵һһУһޱȵΰ
ҶЩ̣Ҫǰ︶һ껾ȴָһһס껾Ĳӿ껾徹Ȼһʧˡ
һ˾ǰԺҲգײҲջҲգû뵽һַʽճҶβɵ겻ѡ
ֵҶΣֵˣ껾³˰ɣƴ㻹˵ԣԼһǻȡ޵ٻأ
Ҷηŭˣû뵽־ȻûʵĻƭԼ
ߣҪģ³껾Ҫҡܹƾһܹ֮껾֣ǣȴÿ껾оϲѵҪͿ̿ô
ҶεָʮĮҪˣ˭ֲĸоأ֣˴ζƵ˵ͷϣ벻ʲô취ܹ˳ײķ
ҶŭѵΪĿģֶôϣҲҪϧһ°ɣҲ񣿡
ĮޱȵҶΣҪ׵һǣ־ǲΥģֻܹԹԵȥȻķŭ޷ܵġ
һ־ΥҾҪ㵽ʲôֶ޷ܡҶŭ֣ʶٻ˰
Ҷεͷϣһɫë΢΢תŰĲתתΧγһֲС
ֲмЦ˵ôôôĿԭ˲ٺöղŵķһҶҲõİɣֻϧʵԴ߷ȫĹҲһղҷ˷һҶΪʵô
˵ţЦͼָ黨һչʱָϣ̰ɫâ䣬ڰлһߣס
ɫâϼǿתٶҲԽԽأȻֹͣת
ҶҲ˲ˣȻȫҪϱ
ɲǼ䣬ҶΧһױȵȻƣǸоͺ·һ㡣ĴڣҲЩų
ӡȻһĺ棬ȻûһƽַһĶһĶʮɷԲһסҶΡ
ҶζٸԼеһȫˣѾ΢΢ҪĶϱҲͣ
ҲЩµҶΣû뵽ֶξȻǲҪΪԤһ׼ӡ㲻þͻܾˡˣʹõⶫɡһ£նϱû뵽ϱȻᱻ̳ˡ
ҶθоԼеһжڶһͣ޷ʶָӣʶоЩˣһʱ䣬Ҷκ뵽Եɵɵ龰ȥ
ĬĬҶΣȻû۾Ҷȴ˹оյһ˫·ܹһ۾ע
ӡʼսˣҶеһжͣˣʶҲֹͣҶξ͸оһϯȫǺ޲Ͼͻ˯ȥ
УҲܻ˯ȥ˯ȥһоͶˣҶŬҪʹԼѣȴƹ֮һ㲻ʴһʱ䣬Ҷ־ĸо


1588 ֮
ҶλлУȻоһɳȵĸоֳȣҶѰʱĻջһҶμʶҲˣָĻҶҲ֪֮࣬ΪҶαʦڸֻ˽ȫλġ
ҶԼյļܵУҲлܣҶζڻ˽͸Լ˽ࡣ
ǣȵĸоȴҶθоޱȵĿ־壬ΪҶθо˻£ÿһϸڶŶֳȵηС꣬һֲĸо
ҶεʶУͻأһɷ·;ƿһİĻ硣
ˣУףһ˿档ľɭһҶǬҶʶܹӦĵط֡ףһ˿棬ףԼں󣬾Ͳ֪صȥˡ
һֱ죬ٴ¶ۿ΢΢һξϨĻ棬ҶθоĪΣΪ˿統УҶξȻодʹһλâһԶ۾͸оޱȡ
ȻҶθоϲӣԼľ״̬ǳҪ˯ôŬǰ׷ѣⶫܹ̼һô
뵽ҶŲٿʶǸ΢С翿ȥС绹ߵľ룬ͼС΢΢һҶζʱо궼Ǳսһ
ءҶμһޱҵĺ
ֱһϽȥԶӡ֮µҶβŤ壬ּš
⣬⡭ôܣӡ֮£Ҳ޷ֳķҶξôģѵҶѾԽľ磿
ҶĸоǹСһһҶʶޱߵб޾ļ尾һ
ǲˣĥζǱҪܰ㱼䣬ҶθоΧӰƣϸֱ棬ȴԭЩħ
ħ鱧ԹˣûǻʲôҪ֪ǻɲǺǵڲеĸǶҪ֮Ķͷٰ
Ҷæʵ֮棬ʲô
ħһˣ֮ɲѰĻ棬񼶱дײһ޴Ļ档ⶫܰѣ룬ж󣿡
ҲףǺ˰ⶫŪڣⲻҪҵôҶ̲סֿڵ
ħЦ⻰ɾͲˣ֪ռô֮Ҫٴε񼶱սôΪÿһ񼶱սֻôһܹôһĻ棬ռֱǧݰ
ҶκȻһ⣬ħʵⶫôֲôҵڴôõʱ䰡
ħЦΪףʱǿʶˣҲһֱûо쵽ΪӡԵʣףʶҲӡˣ֮˳
ҶȻˣô֮ҵҪ⣿֮氡ҵţҲܹȰ
ħ۲һ֮˵˲Ҫţ֮Ҳûа׷ٻٵ˼ǵĻͳɻˡڣﻢˣҪôͰԼʶӡǣҪô㻹͵ñɻңˣȻôָָ塣
Ҷһҧ֮ͳ˹ȥҶͶʶ֮͵һҶξ͸оԼʶһˮ뵽һһĸо
ءҶһطĳԼʶס֮档Ҷεʶһס֮档
һɲǼ䣬Ҷξ͸оԼȫһ㣬ʶоУ·һжˣʣһʶһ
ħˣסֻҪͦù飬֮ˡ
ħԱߣЩħҲǴ
ˣס룬ѾˣǷôľŵ˽һ˵ʲôҲҪúһ°
԰Щɽ亣ζζˣֵ׾ʤ
ˣ룬жٻŮΪż񰡣Ҫ;ˣԵЩҪͶͱô
һʱ䣬ָ־ҶԱ߲ƣЩ־ҶһѪĸо
ЩħĹҶλľͷɢһעһҲټȥ뷨ȻͱԼѹȥˡ
ģ֮棡廯ɻˣҲսһϢˣ뷨Ҷҧأʶס֮档
֮ԽԽңͷųֲǣҶξǲƴʶס֮档
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ã֮ЩͣˣҶεʶҲҪˡ
˲䣬Ҷξ͸о綼һƬ翣
Ҳ֪˶ãҶθоϺǹһ徲ůůĸоҲûʹոо


1589 
ҶζȻ䷢һĺһɤӣҶαƵ̫ˣӸ֮ʼҶξһֱڣܹһеˣ
ҶȻſ˫ۣһȴȻǱʲôסһҶԼӡӡš
֮棬֮𣬸ҿҶһŭ涸ȻһĻ⣬ӡӲӽ⵭Ļ⣬ȻȻ͵һ̡
־ʲôȻ֮棡ⲻܣ񣬶Ҫ֮Ūͷһ㲻ϵߣôӵ֮棿ѵѵͬʱ˴Ż֣
Ҷ⿴֣˵ȻҪҵҲͱĺˣ
ҶεıȣһҰ׵ĹâҶεұϱҰ׹âγɵĻ𺣣ѾǺͮͮɫһһҰס
һͷҰ׵Ļ棬ַ˶ȥ
ءҪܿ𺣻ͷǣٶȻһ㣬𺣵ıԵһ£ʱͷ˷һĲҽ񣬾ͼ־ȻƱԵսһ飬û˿ԥϽߡ
Ҷûȥ׷֣ǸϽһԼɿ޹ҶΪ˱ްŵҲûйҶεΣҪļһһȫ̵ܺõı
ԼӣҶʵڲİ껾һи껾Ψһˣ֪ΪȨԼöĴʵ̫пˡ
ǣҶθʵǳǿĶʹ׼һٵƽʹǳҵǣܵˣܵʱ˳껾ˡ
ʱͻʹȥһޱӴĻ嵽ֻʣˣʧȥֳ˭Ҳ޷ʵ
ҶֻܰȻҶҪôĨμ䡣
ĻУ껾۰ĸ磬ΪһʱʹĨһμ䣬ôõĶҲ֮ȥ
ҶҪοȴǲһļ껾ҶζֵʱЩŸԲɸĿĵҲڵ۶طʼ֡
ǵĿǸְܲţڹЩŵʱ򣬶ڽҶŪȨҹѾʵ۸ɱˡ
ʱܹҥԵľҶε˵ǵҵŮ֪ʱҪʲôǿűʹҶȥƽϢЩҡ
ҶԼǴŻʼӳ˻ʳǣʱҲ˲ϻʳǲ׼еĹˣҶηɵ˰գ
ͷ࣬ĵطҶָŻʼӾͳȥ
֪
£ܹ̹׵ģȹѺ۴ִԲģɱҶλ´
ϿʼָŸţЩҷһһҹʡ
ڱҵȺУ˽ˣһǣһ󴮵ԱҶҹ˷ͷԤı뱩ҵԱȻһҲͣϢԼĸ壬ǵľ񲿶ӳ緶Χڽдģϴ
Ҷ߳ɹ˴ϴɳƽǱҲ˽ݱΪڻҶΣ껾¶Ȩȡһ̣Ÿ˲صĴۡ
Ĵʧ˶ʮ⻹ҪģؼűԴԴϸԮΧǣۿžȫû³
ʱ߲õµϢѾҶγ׿סˣһȫˡ
ܿ죬ҶΣ߲Ҫ̸С
ŻǺܽޣҲܷϴԤڵ飬ʵȱ׼ҶθᣬԺ̸
߲Ե۶Ҷ̸УǵҪǿƳҷ쵼Ҫ緶Χڸһֵع
Ҷν߲ڳƳ󣬵ϣҶвͬΪЩϻϰ϶Զһˣʽĳͻ
ź֮µ⣬ҶαʾԼԸĩպڶ⣬ˣ˻Լļ԰ˣǾ绮һƬ
飬ձ߲ܡҶΰٺһˣʱţԼǵỹһ߲㣬ͬԼһĩպڶıԵȥ


1590 ĩպڶ
ҶζվһƵϣԶԶؿͷһƬڡ
ѵĸԴĩպڶ
ðɣǾͿʼɣҶһһ˿֮ɫ
Ǵ߿͸о֪͵ⲻðĩպڶԲôöԸġûбİ취ˣֻȥһ£һƵֲĺڶ
ֻҪƵĩպڶΣձˣʱټֶΣһоͱüˡ
ĩպڶǿޱȵֵǣڵȴȻõĴڣѾǳˣ廹Ǵڵġ
Ҷʶɢ򶼰ַʲô顣ʶÿ̽鵽ڶʱ򣬾ͻᱻǿޱȵɵʧӰ١
Ҷüͷššִһȵų˹ȥ
ˣ
ڶΧ΢΢һ£űһŻȻ֣Եˡ
⡭ͲǺڶԣ
Ȼ״̬ԣΪ֮˵ûзأҶز⣬֮˸ûƭԼıҪ
ҵҪ㾿ǸʲôҶ˫һֱӽһƬʯȫ˺ڶǰ

ۿžҪ˺ڶǰһǿҵȻ֣ʯٶȶȻӣˢһӾûˡ
ԭˣڶзΧġҶΰͷĺڶΪµģΧƺǿԿƵġ
ĳЩɵǰ֮£Χûƣƽ״̬£Χͻһռڡ
ڶҶεĸоǡ
ڶȻ϶ڿЦɡ
Ҷҡҡͷҿ϶ˣһڶôأ
ˣ
ƺǸܵҶλеĲмڶȻ΢΢һ£Ҷε֮УȻӡ
ˡ
񱩵ŵҰޣǰһжҪȥ
ҶȴǷڣԼģ֮⣬һ˿˿ûС
ߣʲôϣȻͿ̿飡ҶˣνĩպڶѹͲĺڶʶڡ
ͲǺڶǾ߱ĳִڡ
ߣ࣬Ҳڱǰ𣿡
ȻһҶεԺ𣬼޾ķŭͱŰ
ȻȻ˰
Ҷ˫΢΢зţ˸
㵽ʲôҶζסΣǿֲʵ
ʲôȻʱʲô
ǸصĴ˲ŭˣ໺ţֱӼӴ
ҶεһЦô򵥾ͻᱻŭ˵ĶҲʲôǻ۵Ĵڡ
ûõģ㲻ó汾£ͲƶֺҶμ

˲䣬ǿһ
ҶȻƵᣬ˫֣ǰıݡ
㣡ȻϷŪˣٴκİ˳
˵ɣ㵽ʲôƺԼΪˣǺǣӾԲҶٸʵ׵ô飬һ۾Ϳڡ
ȴǲҶΣȻҪҶθսȥֻҪĵ̣һоͶ˵ˡ
̣ţƺ̲סˡ
飡
ҵıըҶξ;ǰ·ڶ֣һ
Ѿ׼ŭˣҪ֮أٴȻǺĶǰ¶һľ޴ͣʵĶ
ͣ
Ҷε˫ڵĦ㶨վţȻѾ޷ܵסǹǿˡ
⡭ðɣǽȥɣ˷ʱˡҶһ¶ЩĽţƺǺˡ
˲˷ˣ໵һɤӺһ֮ٴμӴ
ӣҶξҲˣŵر˽ȥ
ವһҶν뵽ĳĿռ֮Уûκεĸо·ٺʶ
Ҷüͷһšڶ֮ڵĿռɲ㣬˵ûбĺڶɵŵĳЩΪ֪ĿռڡȻԭĿռڣֻǱסˡ
뵽Ҷһ˵ɣ㵽Ǹʲô
ߣ˱˵Ŀռ䣬ˣ˵·ռڵ
ҶüͷһȻоһϤ
벻ﾹȻвٵĻǲ
һͰҶֻΧӿ·˹׼һЦô˵е𣿡
㵽ʲôˣô֪ʵȻѾҶθǿĴˡ
ҶκǺһЦôŨܵĻڿ϶壬ûв´ĻӦǾ߱ʶɣ


1591 
㡭ô֪˵㵽ʲôˣ
ʶһ˿ţ·Ǳ̽鵽ܵСӡ
ʶַӦҶжʱһӣַܹӦʶ壬ʵжôǿᣬϵķչǲġ򽻵עҪԿ
ҵֽҶΣ𣿡ҶЦǺǵ˵оԼӦܹ˵һ
ߣǶбˣΪˣ
˵ɣʲôһԷŹһҶ侲˵ܹѪУõİ취
ߣķ֪˵ı壡ҪˣǾɣ˰ϲãרΪؿֻҪܴˣǱ˾͸ݼ˵Ļᣡ˰˵·Ѿ˸ղŵơ
Ҽ㣬Ͳɱ㣿Ҷһתƣʵ
ߺߣϻ˵ҶģûеӴһֱӿڵǼţƺģü̼ҶΡ
ҶһЦǧƵûʲôطҶĳ˲ҴһģɣأҶĳϣ
¸£ɣɣôʰ㣡ڵغǲһ

ڰ֮кȻҶεǰһ㣬ЩٵķѣֻһγһƬĿռ䡣
Ҷ΢һ£ͷڡռ佫ڵĺڰռͶĿռ뿪ˣһȴһ
ɣҶĳʶʶı£ǺǣϣҪʧҶЦǺǵ˵ϵıʮţ·¶С
һȻ˱Ҫţһ뵽ԼĹȥʱŭˣСӣһޣġһŹģѾûгԵôζˣٺ١
Ҷʼ򣬵Ǿɣҿı¡
ߣһűһǿֱ֣ӽҶյռ֮ڡ
ΧĿռһŤҶΰˣ˵пռƶĿռڣȷǿκ顣
Ͼһڹ̶ռеСһռһͿʱʱʮϡ٣ҶεĴֻ֮һһֱǿռˡ
ضռڣܹκ飬ǾǾţƵˡ
߽ҶǰһϵĳС
ǽһɽ֮ϣɽŵɽĽι״еǼⶥеԲСߵ͸Ǹͬʮֹ졣
аĿ£һ˿ûУ·ǸõĳС
Ҷ̧ͷɽ֮ϵĿռ䣬һȶ򣬽Χκζսȥĺڶ
ô˰ɣСӣǱ˼࣬ȻĽˡ˵ٴð˳еĵͲΡ
ҶһЦôǲǾѾԶˣǺǣǹȱݵģҶĳҽȻạ̊́
ûã˵ˣڱ˵Ŀռ˾񣬾޵еĴڡ˵ģѾԶҶΡ
Ҷһһĳ۳һֱߣֱ䵽˰еһƲϡ
俴ûʲô׵Ʋ֮УȻһҽС
ţܻ࣡ķ;Ūˣȥ
һը죬ҶεԶһɹŨĺ
Ҷһ֣üһĻȷŨˣǾͷϵĻԲʧģ
ȻԷѾؽɴˣ˳ˮۣŽȥɡ
ߣҶĳ˿㾿ʲô£Ҷοһ󣬽Ųæɽµĳгȥ
ࣵһҶν뵽˳֮ڣͷȥӿĺɫѾʧһģĺӰڳ֮⣬Ц
׳գǸ׳հôǵһˣһ˱ôһŻͳȥģЦ˰Цʮֿţɽ΢΢
ҶκһҲȥһҪǲ֪һĸףͶ˶Էˡ
ڼȻѾˣǾ߿ʲôķֵġ
Ҷ̧ûʲô֣һʼɽ
úɫʯ̾͵ģǻɽңӲޱ͸¶һ
ҶβϵţûͣоЩΡ
յ˵ռһ̿ʼǽνĵһؿʲô鶼ûзܲ
ô࣬㲻ǰ㲻˵ʲôµ𣿡˵ٴδȴҶЦ


1592 ֮
Ҷ̧ȥɽĳÿһط͸©һӹϢ
˳ǰĴԼĪмɣҶηԼûе϶ٸ߶ȣҲûԭ̤
Ӧʲô󷨵ϢƲ⣬ӦֻɽصƣԼΧµġȻûʲô̶߶ЧѾǳˣҶһ߶ţһ߶ţԺǿٵطǰ
һֱڣһɽǣǿտҲΣյϢûвô˵ⶼʮֲġ
ܿ죬ǰһƽ̨ԼԼж˳
Ҷüһӿ˽Ų
±ϱ߿ȥһжûʲôı䡣ɵҶΰѽŷƽ̨ϵһ˲䣬ǰһıˡ
⡭ôһȺӣҶЩɵۣû뵽Ǵ߷ġ
ûײһ𣬸ûͣЪһ̡
˶ҶʶչС
ЩȷǴ﷢ģÿһ߶һһСڷôǰĽרעƺһж޷רעġ
ϸһ£һǧټ̣ÿһߵĶһһСһһ١
֮ǣҶ૵Ȼôһ˵
֮ǣôطĴڣǱģҶüͷţռ֮ģǾ˵ˡ˵ͷǲС
㲻ģֹܹģĴڣҲǸ򵥵Ļɫ
ͷһεģҶʰԼĲмش
ҶΰվԭأĿЩ֮תţÿһ̶ͣӣ̫ûĶתһС
ҶνЩȫʱЩƣ³һЦǺǵ˵ˣ㽨Ӧúķ˲ٵɣȻʵ
Ǻǣ˵׳գǰ׳գҪ֮ǣ֪Ҫķѵ˶ֱӰ֮ץ򵥣˸߰˵˵֮е㷴Ӧƺ˵©͡
˵ֻƬ֮УҶѾˣҪȥĻҪôӿзɹȥҪôֻǰͰȥ
Ҷεʶ̽һ¿Уûﶥ˵ʱһֹѾʶЩܲסˡ
üһȻǻԪغͻļ壬ĽѾʵĸı䣬ҵ壬Ҳ޷̫ʱ䣡ҶΰԵҪ˵ûгԾǿ϶ǲܵġ
ˣֻܹʵʵߵˡ
Ҷβ˼ֱ̤ϣ߰˲ǵһӡ
ĿһֱǴСĿ͵Ŀǰ·ûзҶεĴڡ
ɵҶεĽŲǵǰʯ·ϵʱһж˱仯˾ȻֱӴӻȵ̿¯ϳѱҶξͳ
Ҷֱһ˳ȥ˵ڵһ˻ȥ
¡
صˤڵأ˼£ûŬš
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷͨղŶ֣ѾˣûһʬûʲôˣΨһӦþǻ
ٵ飬Ҷֱǰȥ뵽һҵ̵ſڡ
໣
һƺѾ֪ҶҪˣŲ̤˲䣬ֱӳ
ҶζһƣˣüһŵĿɲʲôǲ˵
Ѳ˵׳ֱӳҶαȻţҿš
˷ʱ䣡Ҷһƻӳͬĵɻȥ
ॵһ룬˻ûأҶѾ뿪ǵĵ̡
һΣҶĻͷһۣ˾Ȼָֻ˴״̬֮Уϵ˺ɣϵıָרעƺղŵһжûз
һȺļһȻʲôƨ˸Ū˷˴õĲŻҶ΢΢ҡͷղѾˣеĲ˵ƷʣѾͨʹõҪϲ١
ĹģҪܹŵѰ֮ʹãֻҪԭ㹻ǾܹݵʱڽһþӵʵֱһΡ
Ҷרĵǰţÿ뵽һ̵ķΧڣܵСĹЩ˵
ãҶѾһǧ̡
Ҷûż뿪ʵѾʮǿסĿ˸شǰĵһǧһ̡
ⲻһ̣ͨΪߵˣһεεŮӡ


1593 ͨ
ŮӴģһ˫ϸ֣ͲǴġƫƫÿһֳ֮С
ಣ
˭룬ʱһƿٵس˹ĿֱҶεÿһҪ

һʱ䣬廨롣
Ȼ廨ģѹҪŮˣֻŮ˲Żᶮʲôӵ廨ãʰɣҶǳǳһЦŮ˵ûʲôС
ʵ֮е˶ǿı֮ˣǰʲôĴڣֱӱ뵽ȿռ֮У˭ʲô¶
ǿٵĳȥɡ
һһ˹Ҷҵʱ䣬ֱӿٵǰš
ڼٵһ˲䣬ҶεüͷȻš
谭ԵǿˣҪͨҪĴô±ߵĹؿϾûжˡˣǹյİҶ̲ס䣬⹷ƨؿҪսһǶʵǿĳս
ҪǼôȥҶξǲҲĴ
ôȥУҵûʲôݾҶüͷšţĿٴǰ
ǵԴߣûѰκεĿĴڣ·ľӦ飬ҶδǿľȥƶԷ뷨ˡ
Ҫɱһԣ
ҶȭͷԭǲɱЩѾ˵ˣÿһҪķѶɵʵ治ֱĨɱ˸á
׳Ҷоһһѽеĳì˹ȥìݺݵжԷĴȣ䶥˵ϡ
ǲҪˣǱ
Ȼһ֮󣬾Ȼֱӻɳȭͷݺݵһȭ¡
꣡
һӦ䣬һԾֱӴӿнӽҶΣ໽š
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ̶ֳȵвѾԸܵˡ
ȥɣҶһȭЩֱӽԴˡ
ͨһأĲˣȴһѪûе䡣
ӣûҶһ
һԣСͬ˿֪־ʲô
Ҷβ֣ڲвԼǰ£ԷһɼȻԷвԼҪֵĻǾͲʴȣǸɷˣ
꣡
Сͬɥڵû˶
ڰ̣Ҷΰһɱ˲ɱˣҲҵһ·
Ҷ뿪̡
ʹأҶλͷһۣ뿪֮ȵķ֣ȻʧĲλڿٵ޸Ȼֲ֪ƣظȥôǵȥˡ
⵽ʲôôô죿Ҷʵе㿴ȥˣɫҪꡣ
лץסǸ˵ʱһҪúõʰܹɥģԲʲôˣ
뵽Ҷһ߶ֽµնɱһ˵Ϣɣ֮˾͸֮˵Ĺޣ
·ҶεĻڹҶǰһ˲䣬ȻýӲһ£Ҷοճ
Ҷһ׶Էôͼɻ˲佫Ĩɱɡ
زСҲͬѡ
ԭˣЩٴε飬ȻѾˣǻһʶҪ޾ظĿֲҶɫظˣһҪ١
һˣҿǸֻ֪ɱ¾ϣҲɱ㣡Ҷŭȵ뵽֮Ǻ󣬵һ˵
˲мߣЦˣҶСӣ㲻Ǹ׳գܻ˵ɡ
͵ɣҶ㲻
Ҷγֲ飬նɱĳ̶ֳǶЩ˵ľ꣬뿪ֲޱȵظ
һ·նɱһ·ͣҶκܿͳ嵽ǧټ֮ǰ
꣡꣡
ǧ߰ټ䡭ǧŰټ䡭ǧ䣡
Ҷ̤ǧһ̵ʱһȵֱӳ˹ɹѾԽʮ
úãҶδһŵĺսӿٵػԾԭƣǱܼ
أ
ҶһлԸõĽԼ
ڹ˲䣬ҶüͷһȻʩչͬʱʩչһСֵĴָ
ͬʱʩչҶĴ治ֽ࣬¡
ղĵֱӱ˻ԷĹתΪԼôһ֮ҶֱӲĵ
üһû뵽õЧҶһЦķ֣Ժս֮жһݱ֤
ǵС˵еǴһ㣬ܹյԷΪܹһ̶߶ԷĹ
һõ˭˵˯žġ


1594 ֮
һҶҲõĹˣֱӳá
Ȼÿһʩչ֮󣬻һʧɲѾܶˡ
ҶβǰУǰеٶȾȻû֮ǰϵؽͣЩӿ졣
һټˡ
ʣµĲټ̣Ҷδٶȳȥ
ҶξͬǱŭ˵Ĺţϵʩչǿṥκε·Ķɱҡ
ʣʮ䣬ʮ䣬ʮ䣬һ䣡
ʣһ䣬ҶڵѾ˹룡
ղŶԸΪѾ˶ˣҪֶι࣬ٲҪ˵ġ
һ̣Ҷȴûż֡վţݲػ
ĶȻĿҶףǵÿһδ򶼾׼ޱȣÿһζܹýߵʳ١
ܿ죬ҶѾûзֽߵˣ˻ǰţƺûĳ̶ȡ

ô˷ᣬ·һڻչ
أҶξȻĳˡ
۾ظŵһĶ΢΢ڶƺƺѧϰƣ
ҶѧϰţûþеУԺѾӦĶ϶ˡ
Ҷɵһ˲䣬ȻͬʱͣеĶתԴĿȴһĪĶҶΡ
ллλǰҶľһŸղŵһʱ䣬ѾλʦѧණԼĶˮƽﵽʦĳ̶ȡ
ֶˮ׼ɲһԭʼĶֶΣҪһδɡ
ʦȻ΢΢ͷŤһ²ӣֱӳ
ҶοЦһʦʶǱȽǿʱҪԷһ£˭룬ԷӭĻǿ籩Ľ
䣡
·Ҷξһٿը
һսҶβľѣʦΪȻѾˣ
֮䣬ǿֻ࣬ƾղǿܣͬʱ
ɽأҶηе㲻ͷˣʦĽֶƺЩظ
ظ
Ҷϸһ룬ɲظôţ
ѵڽң
һ󵨵뷨ð˳ҶôҲ֮ȥ
飡
ǵģҶȷԼ뷨ǵȷڽԼΪѾǵˡ
ԣҶҲˣֱúһĶԿһ͸оѹࡣ
أλʦ֮£ҶεĶԽ󣬾ȻѾһģһˡ
ΪֹҲǵ
ԭˣԭˣҶпϲһѧ֮УĶҲ֪Լ֮ǰĶ֮жô˷ѡ
һ֮ǰƵκζܹ֤Ʒ֣֣
Сӣ
ģһϵ΢ޱȣ϶ء
ҶαܵҪͣȴǱֹˣСӣҪֻܹͣƾ״̬ݽϷ˵ˣ
ҶصصͷȻŶţ·ǻһͬĶ
СӣѾ֮ǵĶ֮ҪȥҪ֮ǵ˺󰡣
ڴһӦĿھԺúò򣬶սˮƽҲ㹻ȻܹԸǸµļһ
ҪϻˣһҪȥ
ԣֻҪһ׶֮õս֮УлսʤǸµļһˡ
Ҷһ㶣ʵ˵Ŀˣ
ԣħ̫ˣֻǲʶѾǲסôˡ
ǵĴھڵȴһˣˣǵҲˡǵʱ䲻ˣҪסʱԽ˵Ľвķ֡
ˣǵʱ䵽ˣɱǣȻǿµļһնɱǲģ
ǹܲôˣټСӣ֮ǵĴУͽˣ

֮󣬱ǳĬʦĹȻ·˸һ㣬еĴӻķˮ
Ҷ˫۾һŶԷĹһ߲ŶԷսʽ
λʦ¶Ϣ̫ˣյ֮Խ֪ǰսǶô
أҶοʼģŶԷĹֶΣԼĹмһЩ֮
ѹٴνҶ΢΢Ц˵λǰǿ԰Ϣˣ֮ǵͶ֮ҶαȻᴫȥ
ȵҶѾȫϤսʽ֮㲻ˣֱʩչǿĹλʦȴ
Ѿû˱ʶ˵Ŀ֮±˷Ŀܡ
Ϣɣ
Ҷ߶֣϶֮Ĺǿ
¡¡
ڿлѴ󴸣ݺݵ
λպյʦͱҶθɱˣû˿ʹࡣ˵һĪĽѣҲһĿ
ǵĴкǵɣ


1595 ħڣ
ǧټ̣ȫꡣ
Ҷǳ
Ҳһ޴ĻԵ֮뵽ս֮УҵʵѾԵǶⲻǲ仯ģʹõķȴǿǧ򻯡Ҷΰ뵽뿪һӡ
Ťͷȥʦ»ָˣͰԼöֻбͲôԵһ˿ʧ
̾Ϣһ˵ڶغܼŶֻҪܹħڣ֮߳Ǿˡ
ħڣ
ͲôöԸҶεͷŰɽõĿռ䣬صȴš
˿ҶξȻ޶ԣ˼ڵڶء
Сӣô֪ôĶѵ׼𣿡вĺܣݷô꣬˵֣ΪľҪɵԼʵٽһʱԻΪΣõķչ
СӣһͨصģʧһЩҲҪҧгݵ˵ΧĿռ΢΢
ˣ
һڰɽɢС󣬽ռɽ
ǰһķĹһѵģƵıǲڵϣڵϣֱɢһؽؽϱ߻ŨŨ⼣
Ҷһ۾ǰħڣڵϢ
Űɱ¾Ѫȡ
һɹɸٵţҶܹһЩϱЯߵľ顣
ÿһ䶼һпɱÿһλ趼䣬һѣһ޵
Ҷֱ̧ӽ뵽ħڣ֮䡣
໡
һ˲䣬ؼ侰ٴα仯ҶΧĶȫŴЩԭ޴ıʱѾ˶¥ôߣҲӦı仯
˼Ҷһɣһı仯ûԤϵ
һӰڰ֮лصţҰƵӰǿҵ
Ҷ̧ͷԵһ˶һսӿݵ·ҫսѪڵĹѫ
𣿡ҶţܹоΣպأֻǻûоܹ
أأأ
ģһƵ𣬽
Ҷλתͷһƶ·һѵࡣ
һΧҲûʲôΣգҪƿνĵڶصĻǰߣȻǲܵġ
ǰûΧʼ仯ˣԭƯŵıӰŵѪҰޣ׷ͣסӰ֮ҶΡ
𣿲Ҫ̫ʧˡҶɫƽȴЩΡ
ಡ
һ̣ӰʼƶˣǵٶȲӣܿγһӰķ籩
籩ģҶΡ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷֱٻԼΧסʱЩӰҪҲˡϾķ˺ܶ࣬ЩӰϵϢжϵĻ޷Ҷôš

籩תٶٴЩӰҲģҶ̧ͷϿգһͨͨľͷǺڰĲ֪ڡ
ȥɣвջ񡣡Ҷһֱ֣ڿն𣬻һȥ
ҶһЩӰͼ뵽ս֮УضҶιÿһιûһ㡣̶ȫҶοԽܵģҲϸع۲űӰ
ʵ̫ˣǵϢ죬ܹǵĴڣʶ̽ʱȴʲôûУͺһγɵĻ
ҶΪ󷨴ʦΧû׵ؾܹǰĵطû󷨵Ӱ졣
ЩӰӰֻڹһ˲ŻΧγǿĹ
Ҷΰͷ⵹һĹӣһܹǰ¶һǿԽҪڹмյġ
Ҷһ߶ţһ߶ţûһʱѾ߰˰ˡ
֪ҶڿôĻ֪ǲǻܹЦĳ
籩УҶѾһ㣬ΧĻҲĵĲˣҶ˫һɣֱӳȥ
ۿǺڰǰҶεüͷһšоһɼΪΣյϢڿ
ڿǹΣյϢ
̧ͷŶϣҶ÷һ̽
ˣ
ͷĺڰ£һɺͳҶεͷһӡ
أ
ҶοסǿֱӰȥ
ôʲôҶŵؿϱߵĺɫջأԷֻǰ֮󣬾û˶
¡һҶصڵϣȻûˣȴռš


1596 
ǹͲӦеģ
Ҷüͷšһɽ塣
Сӣû¶ǵط˶ȥ㾹ȻҴЦˣղôһӰ
٣񱩣ұ߰ɣ˺ȻΧٴαýһӰٵľۼһ𣬻һӰ
Ӱ޴ҶվǰһֻСһ
ɱɱɱ
ɱӰһȭֱ
ҶλִһӰըˡ
ɱɱɱ
ӰŭȻֱ̤ҶΡ
ʩչҶεֱӰͬСͣ
ڣɣҶһЦ¡¡ͬը졣
ӰҶԼһˣȻһ˫ֱȭ꣬һս
٣ս
Ҷ˫һЦһҶΣӦս
໰
ŭһֱӳӴ̤ĵһۼ
Ҷͽֶϣ·ԭʼһʼضײ
顭
һȭһţúò֣һ͵͵ۿ˶ɵˡ
ģôӣ˴һųĬڽս֮Ѿ䵽·ʱֱһҧñһ֮
һĹâһֱӽ뵽˱ڡ
໡
ʹذһӾȻٵ߽ˡ
ǽˣܰɡҶεСüͷؿŶԷʲôС
¡
Ͽգһɫ׵ֱڱըѡ
һ׵սĺŽǣ߽֮ʼֻۣһβӰˣһ۳ɵʵ
ȫǱ۶ɣ׵֮Ǻǣ˿ǺķѲСҶ΢΢ҡͷҪղŵõ˶֮Ļ϶ڲͬˡ
˶֮һжòͬ
¡
һ׵罵£Ǳ귢һҽУϵϢȴȻһգ۳Ρ
꣡
ɵһصϢ³껺̧Դ
ͫ˸Ѫ
ꣿꣿҶ̲סһĭڱ˽⣬һϹżսвŻмʲÿһ궼ǿޱȣսʤ
ٺ٣Сӣһݴ񣬿㻹ŵʲô̶ȣߺߣ˺ķ˲Ѫ϶ʰģ˵ٴðֻûзԼдһ˿˿Ĳȷ
ҶһЦˣҶĳ͸һϷϣϲ
˺һ˵СӣϾҪͷˣôӲ֪꣬һı갡Ǳˣ
ڣ
Ҷλͷһۺ󷽵ǧټ̣Ϊʲô˵ǰôڣһЩ覴õģ߻ı
֮ǵĴôԶҪ˵ıǸڵĻǻ˵ͨ
ǾʶʶɣҶβٷϻָСǽֱӴһ
Է岻ͬڵ϶ǻҲͷսƾһԡ
Ҷνһ٣Ȼʧղ֮󣬳ڱı
һȭӳǿÿռ䶼ܲסˡ
أ
Ȼתͷȴûжһ˫ﾹȻֱ֧ʸ
ҿǸƶˣҶޱȣһæܹ
һȭ仯Ȼݺݵ˽ĺϡ
ڽĺϣһԲεػţҶξüȻԲػˣǿ϶ҪʲôҪõġ
صһ𣬽Ӻݺݵط˳ȥ˼֮һ־
ǿҪɱ㣡Ӳ˵ƺȼһŨս
ҶûѾ𾪲ˣղųֵѾа˳ˡԷǱ÷˼¾ҿǸƣһ˺ûܵ
ôôǿǧ֮ҲӦôѲɣҶ̲סһ䣬ƾǱʰˡ
ղžͲԷҲںܹյһ
ҶеˣǰһҲ򲻶ɱҲɱƶⰡ
ಡ
һ̣꿪ʼˣ¶һСһɫӰӡ
Ҷɫһ䣬ӿٵĺ֮Уͷųһķ
¡¡
ը˷ҶɫЩѿˣķȻ׵ƽˡ
ôӣҶβ⣬ΪȶԷҪǿ󣬿ƫƫ
飡
ֽҶֽסһѱؿš
ıʵغʹնʮֺãĴ󲿷ֵıҪࡣ
ǽϾ޵ģҶλȫǿյģһռ˿׵ڲһ㡣
ꣿɣս˽˴˰ɣҶεͺһȥ


1597 Կɶ
ҶεۣȻγһ󴸡
󴸳ֵһ˲䣬ҶξȻо˴ӽϸֳһ˿Ϊ΢Ĳ
ǵģһ޷ĸоУҲп־壬ЩĻ
ʲô˼Ҷλֲ֪ԼӦѰһȷ·ߡ
ȶ֮ҶεԶذʦĶ
˵ǲ˵ѾǸ굱һһҪ
أ
ҵ˽ԴϣһιҶֻ̽ԵģöԷ϶ܹܿϾǸҪٶûٶȣҪûȵĹ
󴸴нһ˲䣬Ҷɵˣǰ׳ôܵĶûУǲǱ󴸸ųɵ˰
ҶҲܣŻǻӳȥ˵ڶӡ
ˢ
ǻ˹һ㣬һ뿪ҶεĹΧѷɵ
Ҷһ㶣æֵüͷһšʲôѵǡ
ٴξ󴸣Ҷػʦû˿𣬾Ϣһģһ
أ
󴸺ݺݵ˽ԴϱߣһѾһְȥ
ԭˣҶ˫һ֪Ϊʲôˡ
һκ͵νȫն֮ʩչģɵһγɹ֮ľ΢΢״̬ûгɹ򵽡
ڲͬҶȫԷһʣµľͺðˡ
顭
һ̣ȫתҶһĻ󴸣һ˸ߵĽ꣬ӲҰһĶû
ŴĴӣҶεҲʼˡ
ÿһδܹӽϸܵǹӲڲϵǿ
ⶫȻǳϲô򣿡仰˵֮ҶԼҲЦˡ
ˣѹǸǷĶ
˰˾ĸսɣУ͵ö֮Żʵʵر
ÿһΣ˵һѽٴһ°ɡ
ǺǣǹаġҶοЦҡҡͷһǽֶ˿
ðɣǾͿɡҶһ󴸣ٴϮ

һ֮߰У˵ĺ
û뵽ҶξȻôѸոѧĶˡңеĿ־ҲԽԡ
ҶİֽȥĻ˵޷ܵİ
УҾԲɹҽţֺȻͣڡ
Ҳˣ࣬һҪɱ㣬Ϊ˵ū
ҧгݵ뵽ֱһ֣һ
ûȻȫڻˡ
ڻΪһ̯ˮĽ꣬ҶκȻе㲻֪ôˡ
ȥһˮԴû㶺
߿Զ壬ֻһ֮ǰͬˡ
˵ӽڴ˳Сӣ㻹ҳԾ
Ǻǣ̲סǾɣҿı¡ҶսŨŨֱӽе󴸶׼˽ꡣ
ҡҡͷһ½壬˵ҪΪѧϰһƤëܹʰˡⲻ汾Ľ꣬һΣˣʶһʲôǽ
໡
һ䣬ͺȻ򿪣ʹ˷ܵ
ռ䶼ŭ𵴵ĲҶνŽ꣬ʶݺݵУҪѰ˵ıڡ
Ҫƽ꣬ȻҪ뵽ߣǱ뼤ʵ
Ҷȴʲôûз֣Ȼǽ꣬һ
ԣǼһҪƽ꣬ǲ뵽ߣҲҪýġҶץסص㣬ǵЦݺȻ֡
ý飡
Ҫ顣
ҳҶֱӽڵķٻ˳ڲݻķһ֮͸Ҷδһ˷ܵϢ
Ũѡ񰡣
հɣܳԶپͳԶ٣ԲǾʹߣҶδǷȫա

һ˲ȶڵתΧܼޱȵĻ˹
ҶظоڵĻۿɼٶţϵЦԽŨյԽ࣬Ժ֮󣬶żõġ
Ȼ֪ʲôʱܹںҶţŴĸҲ˷Ѷʱ䡣
ģô֪ôܹջѵͲ𣿡ܻ
Ҷ֪ǲǿŽĸѾ뿪ˡȻЩϧûнסǰһǽˡ
ˣ֪ûҶغһŬЦ
һ㶣໽˵˿ɲ֪ʲôͼĹ˾֪ûܹӮˣ


1598 ǸԻ
ϧһһʤֻھȥҶקһ仰Ѿоٶˡ
ôһҲżƿڶˣ÷ԼտֲĻԼȥǽԱߣȥĥԼĶַˡ
顭
һĶ֮һҶεС
ѾӲȺ͹ˣֻû顣ҶζԼִĵһǳ⣬Ȼһ룡
һ룬Ҷοء꼸ħڣȫе룬Ǿеľ
һ룬Ȼ治ô䣬ҶλǿĵЦ
룬Ҷ˵ҵԵ֣ұΪ룡
ˣ
뾹Ȼ£ƺַǳ⡣
ĶȻýԼıҵ˱˵ĴڵطܿϧǱվǰҲ޷նɱˡߺߣҪˣⱲҲȥˣ˽ŵҪû뵽ҶξȻͻȻôһ֡
ǺǣΪطĹߣ˵飿Ҷüһ䲻˵ôһ仰
ǳ˲Ӭʺһܣһ仰Ҳû˵
Ҷ֪Լ²ȷˣ漴ЦǺǵ˵ôҲĿ֪𣿷İɣǲɱģֻɱ
ߣ㣬бҵ˵ɣ˱ؾ
ʱҶһ̧֣˵һС
ˣʲô뻹ҵأҶγȷߡ
㣡㣡㡭
һ˵֣ȴûκġ
ˣհɣȰطˡҶοһܣ籩Ѿڽ걻֮ʧ٣ΧɢĲƱ
ռ仹ռ䣬ֻɽ˵һػûɡ
Ҫʲôӵܹһؿأ
ΧЩƱ֮⣬ûĶŵĻյĲˡ
ħڣһڣЩķĹȻƻˣһǸ½һĹذɡҶ룬Ϳʼж
ǿʵչеıҶǣŵĹ֮УȻܼªҲһĹˡ
ˡ
ҶЩ֮ռϢ˷ӿһŨܵ
һĻҶЦˣ֪һǹȥˡ
мֳۣһ֮ʧ١
ȿȣǸ˰ѾˣǲǸðѵˣҶ˫ֱżӣޱȵ˵
ҽ˼ֱƿڴˣҶΣҪ񣡱Ϊʰ㣡ߣҪʲôط֮ǣɲǱ˵ǿֶΡ
ҪֻҪеֶΣҶԽ£Ҿϲޣץ񡣡Ҷνһӣ˳˵
ȥɣ˾ˣĵȡֱͨ
⻰һҶβЩԾҲ֪ЩѰֶθʰҶΣ˷ʱ䣬ǲóɱﵣһԵʰꡣ
Ҷΰѽһѽѽ̫л˰ʤ֮һһƵģ
ȾƣУʶ˵еΣʶԼֱֺ֮һɤӣ룡
ҶιһЦĹ˼ġ
Сӣ˸㿪̵ƣֱɽɣ˾ɽ㣬ߺߣûе˺ߺߵ˵ֱ伣ˡ
Ҷοһۻƴûٻķ˵ɣһеĳԣ
Ҳã˲٣תһ°ɡ⣬һ飬óڵʵǿʱںϣһ˺죬д鷳ġ΢ǵ˵飬ȻҪǸࡣ
Ҷεͷ˵ãʰһɣʱҸںһ¡
ٶ˵ֱںϵҶεߣţ
ҶһǹŵЦݣ̧ͷǰһ⿪ٳģֱͨɽĵ·
̨׿񣬸˵ȥˡ
ôûеǷٴδͼļ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ˵˵ûأ
û뵽Ҷλôһתۣʱ;һ̿˺ߣȻûʲô
СӣǸ˻ȻԶҳԡƺץס˻ᣬ̵
Ҷȴһ׳գ㼤ˮƽǹ͵ġʵɣ㲻ϻҲҪȥġǺǣԣ㿴ǱȰ׳ջҪ׳յġ


1599 ޾ڶ
ҶοʼɽٶȺһһ̨׵ţȲƶҲ·
ȻҶߵھʮŸ̨׵ʱ򣬾ͷˡ
̨֮ӾȻһɵˡĹȵǺǿֻͻȻ֣֮Ҷһ
ҶͣסŲ̽һ̨׵Ȼһ
ʲô˼ѵ漴ģҶ룬Ȼֱӱٶȣһߣವؾͳȥ
Ҷγɽһ̨ϡ
ͣסȴûзΣգһ
ڽ֮ǰҶεڶ̤˲̨ס
һ̨̣׺¡¡ȫݣһǿ
Ҷһ֣Ƕһ۵ĻղžѾսȥˡף˾ԲԼ̵ƣƲڿʼڽβ
ˡ
ģɽڰһɲܵɲ֮ҶԵĸо˳Ծһ£Ȼ¶һּſ־˳ӵ
ѵ˵ﻹĴڣνˣǸӣͷһ֣Ҷξˡ
ҶλͨˣǳǺڶʩһ˵ǰҶΣðͿֻ̿һˡ
޷
һϵĺܣʱɢ

ٴ𣬶ҶԵزǸڸҴһ¡
֮ǰ˼ˣνأӦþĳͨ˾ͺ˵ˡҶ룬㽫ǰ߲ĵط
Ҷ΢΢
˵꣬ҶŤͷ˵ķЦЦ˵ˣ߼ˣ
ߣһȻ˵ˡ
漴Ҷڶ֮У뵽ֲָ֮Уһ˿һûˡ
ںڰ֮ƯţţȴȻ߶ƣǼΪѵõġ
ҶҲԼģǿ֮ߵĶˣֻʱ̱·Ķܹڷ½صʱоô˻ᡣ
ʱţʱܿȥˣҶȻߵƣֻѾͷ½ˡ
ǰʱҶκȻͣסˣһֻվڵϣһֻţƺڵȴʲô
һҶεڶֻ£ȵزš
ʱһɼǿͻȻ֣ؾҪҶθɵ
Ҷ˫ͬһڵϣǿҲаֶҡ
ԽԽˣҶϵ·ͷ˳ŷɢ˫ȴȻ˿
һ̣֣Ҷϵļⶼʼܲסǰۼȥһ˫ȣȴᶨ
꣡
ҶϵˣǿֱӴߡ
һŽǣҶѪս
Ѫⲻ뿪Ҷε壬ӶˣĹͷ˫ȣɲ
ȫѪⶼ֮Ҷ֮ʣһͷţ
˵һʱŤڰȴ·֮һյƱˡ
ҶվԭأʶѾΧڴСĶڣԴԴϵǿ
Щڵѹ޷
ǣҶε°Ϳһ£ײ
ţһϵЦ𵴿СӣСӰȻ̶ֳܹȣȱҪ̫ˡ
ĺڶ֮У촫һ˿˿Ѫⱻ˳»صҶεϱߡ
ܿ죬Ҷεָֻʧȥ˵·ˡ
Сӣܲ
ϵٴγ֣ԴͷһͦεӰһд浽ϾҪɢʶ
ҲˣϷʱ䲻ˣѾϷĿ飬޾ڶУıֱ˶ҪãϷ궼Ҫáٴο˵ޱȵд͡
ҶεЩ˼ˣղѹû뵽ôֻ࣬ǰﵱĳߵȼĻþʲôû˵ˣҲҪԸ
ǰˣȽϺðɡҶǫ
˭룬߰ڰ֣˵ʲô˼ϷסΪ֮ǰҪǰˣĻΪһ۾Ϳ㡣
¡
ҶֻǰȻը𾪵Ĳվˡ
ϼһǸ񣡣
ⲻڿЦɣȻط
ǺǣСӲҪԾϷ񣬿Ѿ£һлҲҪɢˡֻǣϷ⣬Ȼʱ㡣ЦǺǵ˵еĲɣ޷Ρ
С𣿡ߺȻȵȻȴִһ˿ײ
һɫٵƮ˹ߵǰһҺ̬ĺˮͣı任̬ˣ
ǸһȻǸ˰
ˣǾֱ֤Ҷ֮ǰĲ²⣬Ǹ飡


1600 ħ
΢΢ҡͷ̾ϢһСϷ˯ʱ̫һֻ֪ƻʶ塣ܹСҶ˵Ҳһ컯
СҶϷи֮룬ܹӦƺЩ˼
Ҷ΢΢Ϲ˵ǰĻȱ˵˵ͺá
ߵͷдŲĿһˣ˵СϷ飬ϷʱƴϷһѣĻҽȥΪ棬СҲ˲ٵЩӦϷеģֻϷܹеĲ࣬ƾԼҲǲġԣϷСҶеһЩ
Ҷεüͷ壬ȴûż˵һ˫Ӷߣȴġ
ģϷǸзִˣ̺֮ܣֻҪСһܹ֮ܵһ֮ܣһŶ˵ԿЦǺǵ˵̸Ц֮佫һžըҶε
һ
һţƵ飡

ҶΪߣԼᶨҲǱͻľϲҵе˵ˡ
֮ܣǾİɣⶫܹһġȴǲͬһҶλͿưˡǸǿʢʱڵ죬һʰˣ
ãǰʲôҪ󣬻Ը𣿡ҶҲϻֱӴӦʱ˵ʲô׻ǳ
߸ˣһˣ˵Сˣ˵һģһ㻹ʲô˵𣿡
ðɣ˵ϣ˾ԭˡԺԱ˵ĳƺֻˣײǱ˵ĵߣ
ãˣҶһЦǲƽЩ޷һƺ
Ϸ򱾾ǹӲдѾ˴УͲҪɱˡˣϷ㻹ϣʣµľҪСҶˡȰ˵˶ܿĳ֮ĸ鼫ΪѾ֮ô򵥵Ĺϵˡ
ǰİɣҶι˵
ߣǰˬغǼƣҪ˹ҧҶһڡ
Ҷһ㶣æӣ˼ҰԼˣ񾭹Լķչڸʦʲô
ͨһҶصعڵأɫض߿ͷʦϣͽҶһݡ
ããɣ߼ؽҶƾշ˵ϷǸְʦûʲôܹģպˣΣգʱԱһϷͷ˵ǻĵӣһЩѸġ
ҶӦһŻıЩӡò˸ʦܹԼָ㣬ȴҪڶ̶ʱ֮ھ뿪ˡ
컯Ū˰ɡ
ˣΪ̶ֳȣ׵زҪסϷϾҪ뿪ȰСɣСɲǸˣûеֶιţ˵ֳʲô鷳ЦǺǵ˵ĿҶκ֮תţоǲᡣ
һ䣬ִһâ˵ϣ仯һҺֱ̬ӶҶεؿϣɡºһ㣬СϷһ
֪ʱ䲻ˣҶҲ飬ֱӰջָ㣬˸ˡ
һ⻪˸³ҶεߣҶ֮ϵΪУҶεҲºֻ࣬Ȼô̱ߣҪ㵱ˣȳΪ˵ɡ֮ƺ
㣬ò˶ʱġҶ˵µĻ飬Ǻܿصġ
һԣͷǽһ˿Ը˵ͽʣµ·ҪԼˣϷиߵĳɾͣ񲻹Ǹʼ
񲻹Ǹʼ
Ҷһ㶣Ҳ룬æӦֻĲлѾʼɢˡ
ˣˣҪúûš
Цݵ˵ŻһĨֱӳ뵽Ҷε֮Уϵеһ֮󣬳׵ʧˡ
ˡ𣿡ؿŰգȻһˮ
Ҷγ̾Ϣһʦߺãͽʧģ
¡
ռ΢΢һǻĻ
֮󣬾þõؼžռ֮ڡ
˰ؿգһ仰Ҳ˵ϵ任
ҶҲţִӳ־һֱߵ˵˵˵˺
˵ĴҲأȻûȥԶķչڵģ
֮˳̾ϢһһУˡ
֮µĿʼҶƽ͵˵ЩĿ࿴ˡ
ͷһûжҶαʾˬֻ̾Ϣһҡҡͷʵˣ
Ҷεͷ֪ΪʲôҪôʡ
֮ǰиҲˣ˵ѳһ񣬵־ͻǾ춯֮ˡ֪᲻Ϊˣһ仰Ҷ˵ˡ
𣿡ҶΪʵ廹ŵĻǺܶͺˡ


1601 
Ӧûû䣬ʱźúõġ
žͺãžϣҶһ䣬㲻ٶ˵ˣЩĿǰ״̬ЩңԶ
أħҶлˣӿʼˣһ֮⣬ûмӡ
һ⣬Цһֿ׳յҶΣ˵ѽѽ˰㾹Ȼˡ
Ҫ˷ʱ䣬ҪһȥԡҶһֱӲ˵
ˣôķݶϣ˾˵˵ħҲǱ˵Ĺ£һ߰˵Ͼǿ⡣
ҶεͷֱӶһ߶ȥջԼ˸ǰ
ɤӣڳһ˵̵ӣֺذ˵
ħǻ̤㿪ʼЯŵıֻǺڲϵʵУԻħ˲ϵĸĽлΪ
ħ״̬һҺ̬Ľûй̶̬Ҳӵޱ仯Աκһֶ
ҪǣڲϵؽУħ߱˼ǿܹɵĶתճΪӪʵ
⣬˵Ľ֮£Ҷβ֪ħӵһǿųҲΪʲôܹһڶҪǿᣬҪԭ
ɵһӵڲ𣿡Ҷһ⣬Ϊġ
ҡҡͷ˵Ȼǣ˵ĩ˿ӵĺڶ֮УȻԸĻҲһռ䣬ռܴҲаڶɡ
Ҷصͷ˵㣬Ժָʡ˰
ߺߣ㲻鷳ԼȥҵĻ;ķŰɡ˲м˵ĵؿһҶεĴָ
һɲˣֱɵˣɤӾͺҿ˵Ȼ
ǴӶϵĽָ¶һ㶣ŴЦ׳գȻҲ
ʲôȻʶҶеԾˣǰ˸ӴŵļһȻʶ
Եְߺߣ˵֪һﲻԸ
զ࣬βſ˵벻㾹Ȼţӻרҹ㡣
˵ھȻСӵؾۣû뵽
ʵ˵ֻкôûл
Уˣڻ˿ǲһ
ˣǰװƣ˭֪˭ţôˣ
ǴôҪҵߣԾСռˡ
ô߰ˣǸ
ʾȥΪװƷǸָⲻãһ֮£ͱ͡˵ôӣ
ҶһҲ֪°˼ǣԼĿͷıˡ
Żˡ
ȿȣ˵ɽûҶθɿһûû˵Ľ
һСľ˵ˡЦ˵Ҳûˡ
˵ţˣȻ֪Ҷεı²Сһʱỹ޷ѵԼİߣֻܺߺˡ
ˣϻҲö˵ˣӦûʲôҪ˰ɣҶνĿͶˣûʱĥĥ
˰Ҷһۣż㲻Ҫ𣿸һҵģҸ޷ֹĩպڶաǡˡ
һ⻰ҶεⲻǺ𣬵ĩպڶˣһҲûˡ
Ҷεɫôÿ˿һ˵ʵһеĸԴǵΪոɵģֻǱҲû뵽ЩѾ޷ƵĵزԣҪ⻰ֻȥϱߣеյһͿˡ
˳ָŵķȥҶüͷ壬ɿˡ
ԭΪʲôأϱ߾ۼŵľǻʱˡ
ν̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣ҶֱӶôһ仰˺ͽ鶼ɵˣǿŰ׳һؿҶΡ
ǸҪҪűȥ̫Σգ˶ܲסĳΪҶҪ÷ȥգĽȻҪըġ
ϱߵʵ̫ӴˣգҪһܹոɾҪǣЩڲϵرս
ԣ˲˵¶ͽˡ
ɶҶ˵⻹治Ǹ¶
Ҷγ˺ٺһЦֱóƤֽ
ģôˣ׳գͱˣҶλġһҶóǸƤֽߺ
˲ؿһƤֽ˰죬ȻӦ˹ʵⲻǸɣ
ͷҲͲˡ
ҶһЦ⣬ֽƤֽС


1602 
ƤֽչǸո˯ѵĺͯһ㡣
ţƤֽһ£Ƿζһ㣬һҰĹâ
ಣ
ƤֱֽڿնȥֱϷһֻõǡ
صһӶ˴ƤֱֽǺڰ֮У΢΢ſʼΧĻˡ
ĻѰ˳ڵĺˮؿٽ뵽ƤֽС
ĻƤֽսȥɴ۾ţʱʱػᱬһꡣ
һʱҶκص˵ͷѾоƤֽڵĻѾָԭ״̬ǿƺûֹͣ˼Ȼڿٵţе㲻Ļոɾݵ˼
ʱҶζŷкһƤֽ˻ôĻɲԸȥ㲻ûڵ޴ĳͻ
֮ҶΣһЦͽ뵽ߡ
ǺǣܲȻĻò˶ʱ䣬ͿԿٵͻˡҶηǳ⣬ʵˮƽκιĺܣټдľ飬ʲô¡
ˣǳȥɣˣһЩûнҵϢһ¸ҡҶοһˣѾûͣˣҪȳȥȻħˡ
˲鲻Ը䣬ɻʵʵذϢҶˣҶοٵһ飬кܶණѹûи˵
Ȼ黹ԼٵıȽϺðҶҲ˻ʲôϢΪЩʲôĶĲȱһЩʧܹĳ
ʲôûǾˡҶζ˿һۣʵ
˺һǲˬ˵ʲô£ôˣҲ°ԼһڳԳɸӣߺߣ
ҶһЦֱڿն˳·Ҫߡ
ˣԴôģбڣõԭ·𣿡ҡͷֱҶΡ
ҶΣ־ҪӡǣҪʰʰˣ֪Ϊʲô죡
һ仰Ҳ˵һСǰһ©һռ䣬ֱС
Ҷν˽ȥһĩպڶߡ
ˣ˳Ҷ̲סһչıûҪ򵥵öࡣ
ʱһؿǰĩպڶƺ뵽ĳֻ֮С
ҶƲƲͣˣװˣߵõĶ࣬ѵഺڵӻ
ϣСǿ˰Ȼ˵ֺñ˵Ļˣԭˣ
һҶεĻͱһҵ־֮ͬ˵ģ
һӣдʣ֪ʩչʲô
¡¡
һֻ̣ǰĩպڶϵزҲĳ̶Ȼڿٵӡ
ãǰĿռ䶼бĺۼ
ܲ㣿ѿռŪˡҶγһռˣһŻķϵܾͱסˡ
˻ͷҶһۣ˵ҪΪʲôûĶǽ𣿡
Ҷα޻˵ûȻ֪Чжôǿᡣ
¡
أ
ȻͣϢűһ촫ΧĿռݺݵһ£ֻǰĺڰٵмۡ
ڰģһκɫˮΣڵĴתźڰ
ڰȫʧռ䶼ָʱ˶һκɫˮָָˢһӳ˵С
ǻħҶЩԼǰһˮӾǲе̫Сˣ
ңҶûиоɢ̫ϢҲôһ¶
ôţǸӣʹõǿԲϱ仯СġߺߣţǱ˿Ա任Ϊκ̬κδСκģһ߰غƺڸҶΣôţӲµһ
ҶƲƲͣûõȱһ
Сӣ˽ã͸չʾһֺ˵һһˮӾ˶
ħȻŻһѺɫĳ׭·ؿžļ¡
˵ͺһɢ޾Ĺâ
¡
˲ɫ޾ĺɫӿΧҶɫ΢΢һ䣬ЧȻǿϢʩչ֮󣬸

˿ԶֱӽǰĿռһͷķ϶ռѷ췢ǿΧ߰Ķ˽ȥ
ţһգ±仯һΣħһǹγɵ˲䣬Ȼһ
֮һܣǿģƺر޷
ħϵر任ģʩչͬҶզ࣬زҪҪá
ãܺãҶιһЦֶǻħ֡
ħ˲˵ĿƣҶξͳˡ


1603 
ħٳûֱӿԽռҶεϣЩ⡣
Ҷαħݺݵײһ£˫ǰץš
һһȻôԾôܣôܣ㻹ôܹĹ
ҶκٺһЦһħ֣һЦ׳գӿɲͨˣ
Ҷһ仰Ҳ˵ֱӵץסħεأһ˿ңһֻ˸ӡǣ߶˼ɬ֡
һ̣˾ʹذش
ҶҲ֣ͣ˻ܹܵסǸлԼǸʦٸԼһֶΣܹƷţˡ
ģ֣ͣͣڳܲסˣġ
ˣˣ˷ˣͣɡĳܲסˣȷû뵽ҶĻʰ
Ҷ֣ͣЦǺǵ˵ԺԹʲô˵ʵɣҶϷȤòҪһᡣ
һɥ񣬶һҲˡ
Ҷν˳ʵʵ˽ȥɵһֻĹ
ǰĻħҶνעȥһ£ȻܹƵˣħϻûϢʹЩ˳֡
УħʱǸ޵׶һʼ
ղŷƤֽϵ飬Ҷεϣںգʮʮ
ͣ
һħֹͣգҶεɫҲǱüΪѿΪѾûκˡʱҪֵĻҲֻǻߣûսʵ
Ҳн죬ѽЦ˰˳ҫԼĵ⡣
ҶɫһݺݵصһۣǼƺҪһ³ͷֶΡ
εؿſ˵İɣǲ׳ģȱϤָһ£ͻоϲ͸㡣Եһɣߺߣڱ˽õķݶϣһΡ
¶ѵ˵ǡҶ۾һﰵЩڴˡ
ʱڽʧһյĹҶڵָЩϾдָֻҪʱ䣬ҲẦ¡
˵ð˳׼˵ˣ
¡
ħ΢΢һغһӴޱȵֱӶҶεˣӻħ޷ӵػҶεߡ
޴ʹ˲壬Ҷεͺһҧš
ô˵ﲻɣ˵˵Ѿ˸ղűʰشĵˡ
Ҷսȭͷû뵽ȫͶħ֮к󣬻õôķֱΪһΰ
ȻûٴνʵѾȥܶˡ
꣡
ʱǿϷȻһը졣
̧ͷȥҶüͷһأûдﵽʱô׽ٳ֣
һ̣Χ֣üͷɿЦٴν١
ͷ˵ס
ղŵĽ
뵽Ҷε֮УҶϸһ£ûзΪߣЩȥˣ
ܶˣͻƿȹһʱͿԳԽںˡڣֹںϲûôˡֱӸҶδôһϢҶλȻ
ȻܹҵһַǾͺˣҶηǳڴŴںϵһ졣
ţʱ϶о춯صı仯
Ҫʱ䣬һЩˣϣܹ˳ںֹ
Ҷ￴һһжָ֮󣬿˵ˣѾˣҲûȥˡ
ż˸ô죿㰡˿ɲȥռ䣬ֵͼĶҪñȥ˾Ͱűˣ˲廰һӾţƵӡ
ҶҲǣڴռĻȵҪʹõʱ򻹵ִӴָóȻķѲ˶ʱ䣬һ˿˿ʱҲʱ䰡ϾҶΪˮƽǧ֮һ붼ܹˡ
ʲôطţܲڵ״̬ߣ˶֪õɣҶʵʵ˵ֻ̬Ҫеʶ˶ܹټҶε߿϶Ѱֻˡ
õ˻ħҶ൱ڶһɱﵣֻҪڹؼʱܹúãӻо˵Чġ
Ǻðɣñ밡ԼС°ͣҶο졣
˿㻹ȱһ׹ߺߣ˸ӣ׹ô˰ʮ˵Ҷκ֪ôŵģƵġʦ䣬ҲһƢѲ˹ϵɣ
ҶεͷԣֻҪ̫Ů˾С
˰Ҷһۣˬ˵УŰɣ
⻪һħһɫˮΣϺɫֱӵҶεĲϱߡ


1604 
ܵϵıĸоҶ΢΢һЦˣߣ
ˢ
ҶʧԭأٴγֵʱѾһ⣬ƶ
úҶγһ֮ϣǻء
һҶγ֣ᵱ˫۷ŹĶҶΣϸһȦ󣬲ŴͣҪ˵ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ԱߵˣҲòȥ
ǿĩպڶ֮ǰ͸ܵҶڳĶĩպڶʧ֮󣬸˵Ļŭš
ɵǿҶκɫԽʱʵԽܡ
ǰλʲôӵĴڣȻôǿʵʰĩպڶвջ
ôܳԾǲһزҶοһСЦЦǺǵؿǰɵ˵ˡ
ᵱӦ˹˵ᣡᣡ̫ǿˣĩպڶʰˡ
һ̲סؿʵǸĩպڶ𣿡
ĩպڶˡ
աˣ
ԼЩͲˣҶֱ˵ĩպڶһγɵģҰѷˣͽ𣿡
ԭˣ
˷׷װģֻҪʰǸΣǾͿˡ
κﶼ̰ĵһ棬˿С̽ˣˣ֪һʲôӵķ𣿡
Ҷεһ˿䣬Ŀ˵ϣôʶʶ
ʶص˵ͷ۵¶һḬ̃
ҶιһЦûȿأ˵Ӿ˳ֱ˵ǰӸµغһﻹ챾ˣҲ򿴿ԼʲôΪߣģЩܹģ
һ˶ɵˣҶҲüͷֱһ߶ţɱﵣɱﵰڳˣԺôã
ҶиӦʶԼˣһͻȥˣҶε۾ûΪҿʮֺڱʰһ
񡭡ʶ˵Ѿɵˡ
Ѿнӽʱ䣬ûһ緶Χڳˣ࣬ҶεоȻһҿӣǲò𾪡
ҶһһѾڵĸײˡ
ģʲôûпʲôûѽ鶼õߵģǸ˼ϻ֮ˣͿҶεĲˬ
һϢй¶ȥĻ綼Ҫˣв˳ȺӵҶε鷳һսͻᱬ
ĿܣҶΪϢȫɱȻȥӢڽĩպڶΣա
Ϊڸ߲ˣʮҪԡ
˷׷еĵֱӹڵأԣ֤ԲὫϢ͸¶ȥһ˿һ
ˣҶҲеɱ⣬ͷ˵ȻףǾͺ˵ˡ⣬ֻҪ֪ˣҲͲˡ
лˣ˷׷Ӧ֪ԼӹŹ˻
ˣѾˣȻȥɡҶΰڰֱ֣˶˲乹ʧԭء
⻪һҶε˳ʳУȾ˴Ϊľǽʡʱ䡣
Ҷε˳ֵʱ;ϲĽ͸оǹɿֲʧˣҶεĻȻĩպڶΣˡ
ٶȥͨҶ˽ĩպڶֱӺһˬʵЦǸžˡ
ãڴ֮УҶֱӱ뵽ߵλ¡
ʣµҶػҪ򵥵Ķֱ࣬һ仰Ҷ˵߲򵥹֮ͨ󣬾ԹԵ˵
ˣȫ֮˶лľ֮ͨһڵأֱӿһͷ
Ҷһ㶣Ҫ˵ȴˡ
ˣҪżҰѻ˵ꡣЦݵ˵ɤӣˣˣԸΪĸһɷ׳Ƴ
ҶεͷԼõ飬ûʲô˵ġ
ˣԸΪˣѺãԸ廥ͨޡɫ˵һ֮ǰԼȻǺġ
ˣΪ񣬽ԶԶסĶݣٴ˵Դֱӿĵ졣
ˣˣɡǵˣʲôĻǲˡҶЦǺǵذ˵ĲԸ⿴ίĿͷˡ
ͨվȻһ˵ˣУҪĵ񣬷ǸμסĶ󣿡
ʱҶ۾һȻ뵽һ⡣


1605 ֮
ۡ͡
ǵĶѾȫռˣҪȻҶҲôռٶȡ
磬Ҷοûó
ǰĻ᲻ټǵǿҪҶҲͰóˡ
Ҷεͷһȼߵֻһۡǰ˵ȻҪôǾͽɣҵһЩĵãû¿Կ
˶һƣҶαˣߺһ
ֻνۡ͡ռǿڰκһ֧ľӶҪԱѪУԳξð
Ҳףܹۡ͡չĻǶ˵ͬǸ
ܹеʢս¾Ͳڷ˰ɣ
һڳ˾Ϳۡ͡׷еĵȻһԶĶݵ֮¡
ϽˣҶվʵȻѾΪһˣǾͺ˵ˡһͨѶԺʲô޷⣬ϵҡȻҪϵˣң
ˢˢӦڼҶεֶ֮ﻹΥ
˵ˣܹոˣǰ;˵ˣǶ֪Ҷλ죬Ժĺģ׳ղŲأ
ãҾˡǺúɡҶεͷֱʧλ֮ϡ
Ҷһ⣬Ҳû뵽ڲõĽ徹ȻΪʵͽΪķչǿṩǿĶ
һ·ϣҶнһЩĸֶζ¼Ȼȥĺͣȥˡ
⣬ǰ˵ҶκȻһԺС
ǵģӵ磬ٵǣҶο˵ǹûˮ֮С
Ǻǣ˰Ҳô𣿿ҪչؾˡҶβɵԳһҡҡͷٵ½š
ʱԭʹõҶλǵæһаŶͰؽţҪҶһϲһľϲ
Ҫ䵽ʱҶξһʲôôộѵʲôϲ𣿡
Ҷξȵķ֣Ƕ׼ʲôϵɫ˺ɫ
üһϽȥʲô϶Ǽ˿ĵ鰡ҶЦǺǵ棬ͿһֱڵȴŵǸ߲㣬ЩȻϤĲϤˡ
Ҷϣˣ
ˣˣ
Ҷϣǻ˰

һʺҶеӦӲϾˣֵֻͷһֱ˵Ŀܡ
ˣ׼Ȼĺ͵ð˳Щƺڷʩ
һʼ
ĺ͵ʱʲô۶ӣ
Ҷأ˶ӷ˳ҼһĴС϶˸߲ҵı飬֮֮񣡡
һǵضҶΰм䣬ΪˣȻҲЩŲסˡ
üһڸʲôһأҶɫһ壬ֱӿ˵Ųסⲻר˵
˭룬ĺֱ˳Ц˵ȫͶƱ󲿷˵һͬ⣬ҶγΪ֮𣡡
֮
ƺŵЩ˼ֻҶξԼе㲻ưȻΪ˲飬ҲõӦĺôƺеˡ
ĺͣеˣһûеһҶֳ֣ƺɲܹеģ㲻û鷳
ĺ͹һЦȴг񣬵𾴵ĸ˶ֻҪˣԮ֣֮˿ѾΪūˡ߳µĻᡣĿе֮񣡡
֮񣡡
֮񣡡
֮񣡡

һߺǹؼһУҶܹһСضںԼ֮
ףİҶεҡҡͷ֣ȷЩңԶģڵΪǧʥʶοӵһˣ
УҿԽ֣֮ҳܲ𡣡Ҷγ˵֮ѾǼߵĳƺˣɲԼԼ鷳
˵ˣʥʵΪߺԼʲôģ˿϶ҪЦ˵ġ
˭룬ĺԤˣһ㣬һӭػϢ
ʥͣҶΣˮУ縺ΣʥϾҶΪ֮ͳˣͬˣ
ʥͣ˶ͽˣ
ҶˣǸףǸף
ЩԵ˼֮󣬸ֱ໺
֮񣡡
֮񣡡
֮񣡡



1606 
֮
Լ˸ĳƺţ
ĺǰҶΰһۣ˵˵϶ˡ㰡Ǹҳ⣡
ĺҡȣٺЦЦȻֱӹڵأݼ֮񣡡
ӿɺãһƬȫڵأĿеӢۣ֮һݡ
Ҿ֪Ҿ֪Сӿ϶ģҶһĲˬҲ֪ĺȺ˵˼޷ǾǸһ䣬ԺҶηʲô־ܹȥһֱܷչϢ
ûа취ˣҶֻӲͷƤˣؿһҶ˵ʱֱӿԼ򶼰ס
λͬҶΣǸΰ壬ǾԻͣҲѣɲܾʲôһֱǻţǻŬĸáҶƺڻһ·߹Ĺ
ǵĻЦǵʹధһвǰ·ϵĻʯ棬չ׳󣡡
ţֻҪŽһ𣬾û˭ܹǵͷû˭ܹ
ţֻҪǹͬŬԶǿʢ
ȰƽǲԸȥɱ¾ͷϣҪˣˣɱˣˣǣǾҪЯֹսɱѪɺӣ
Ϊ˺ƽǲϧһս
ǲ棡
Ҷһ˵꣬ԼҪԼжˣȻ֪ΪʲôĺЩ˻ѧˣǸԴͷ
Ʈţû˽ӻҶοʼЩεʱ˷رˡ
ǲ֮񣡡
ǲ֮񣡡
ҪЧҶΰڰ֣˵λȥõĺƽɣȻҪŶǿǺƽĸ

ҶʼվԼΪΪɵǸĴҴҽ֣Կܵ
ʱҪǲˡҶεسˣ֪Ҫսֻܴӱķӿʼˡ
ڵķٻ˳Ҷüͷ΢ؿʵûʲôչʲôزˣ
΢΢һЦֱ˵չ㹻ĻӦ£ѾĲΪԼСһٶ
һٶˣȱҶιƵҪ̫̫ˣϾǾô飬ķôʱ䣬ߵΪ̶ȡ
Ŷðо㹻䣬Ҳôɣ쵽ҶζҪˡ
ðɣȷҺܳԾҶ̲סؿһ䣬ô˵ҲԼķţƲΪԼţ
ССԿһ£Ҷε齥ʵڿں˰ɡ
ԣղŲ鿴ҲˡôʣµͽҰɣֹ۹ƵĻֻҪʱܹɡ⣬Թߵලһʲô⣬õпơеֻҶεⷽļ䣬ֻҪǸйϵģҶζԶĹɸ
û⣬ʩչҸȨһΪԤʣµãҪ˷ѡҶһ£ǾȨŸȥ
ͷ漴һ⻪صҶεűҶε壬ڵΪ֣Ҫõ£Ļֳȥ
ڵתǽһС֣ȻܵһС֡
ƺԼҪʮаգֱһҡ
龰Ҷβɵе㵣ˣҪĻԲôʵ顣
һе˷ѣΣе󰡡
ҶηĵĹ򣬷Ѿ߻һ
ʱɱų˶ԷĴڣƴıţҪԷĨɱ
Ԥ֮еڷˣٵײţţҶڷƵҺطûڣҪȻ϶ҶǲǳԻ˶ӣô춯
أ
һ촫ŵҶ񶼱ϸ̽ţһвõͷ
ֻǷȫעʩչţںһ𣬳˿ʼ˼֮󣬾Ȼôİ
ڰɫϵزţңľ硣
üһȻĿԣҶξ֮࣬ȥһ²Ḷ́ԼĲ²һġ
һͬʱתֹ໥ųѰһϵ㣬Ȼͬڣ
ǰںϣӦû᲻ںڻʲôӵı仯ҶҲ޷²⣬ֻһһˡ
¡
һ촫Ҷηִʼںˡ
һȫԤƵ˳УҶνŵɿˡ
ʱ֮Ҷƿ壬۾ЦǺǵ˵ʥʣȻֱӵʥʣ


1607 ǣǵ
˭ܹ뵽һ򵥵ĳںϣɹ֮ȻҶεΪֱǧ
ʥʣ
õģˣҶεͷһ֣ǧ㳹ʧҶεߡ
۾ҶĬĬظڱںϣһǳ飬Ҷһֱ۾
վҶκȻЦ˵ûлȥ˰ʱȥˡԴϴ뿪֮һûлȥأ򰡣ǣƵĵ򰡣
ؼңһ˵߾ߵаɣ
ҶεͷһӾȻһ̱ʧӰ١
أ
֮Уһƾյɢ۵Ĺ⻪һӰϴڴ
ˣڻ˰ҶЦǺǵ˵۾֮ЩʣֻЩõˣŻ˼ġ
һϤɫƺǰˡ
֪ڵļңʲôˡҶβɵЩҲûʶȥɨӣȻҪһ˲ʱ䣬ˡҪԼ۾ȥǣƣΪ֮ܶΪ֮ϧֳļ硣
ֽԼӰҶα˫֣𣬻½ţżһС
˴㣬ǽ׵ƶҶεľΪ֮һǼҰ
Ⱦõ˺ܴҲ˺ܶ࣬ɫ˷ǳడҶͷԼµЩҪִеͦõġ
ˢ
ҶεӳھϷҵĴԣҶĿתʶռΧϢ
ӡ
һһҶϸؿһ飬ĵķչԤ֮еĻҪãǵĺĸЩӵĹͰɡ
ףǡҶĿת֮µķ֡
Ʒ£
Ҷξֲֻ˵ԼĸоĽЩһֱȱʧ˵ĶѾһˡ
·ߣˤˣԱտţһǰ͵ҽԺ
ϣϳڡ
ʽͣߣ˿ʴ
ಡ
ģҶϿյƲ֮УӰٵķɹ
ǺǣһѾܲ˰ֻǿϧϵˡҶĿ⾼ЩΪѾˡ
ӦģҲߵ˾ͷϵ̫ϡˡڼʲôıնϣͲǶʱھָܹġ
һҪһѡҶĥһ£ǾҪ򣬰ĸǡ
֪ԼȵĵԽ࣬δԽãȻҲá
ˢ
Ҷγڵ⣬վһŻ֮ϡ
ĵĿƼѾһֻҪ㹻ƣò˰ܹﵽˮƽϾ˲ٺö
Ҷ˫ſ࣬ңԶץȥһ·ʲô˳һ㡣
ǿյļԶϵȻֱӳȡ˳Ҷѡûжոγɲãǳģʺĵ
һץһҶЦǺǵؿǣ˵úðɣǵδ᲻
漴Ҷһӣһ˵֮С뵽˵ģзŵĸ
ȥһİɣΪһǿһĵĸڣҶ˵һ㣬ЩС
Ҷֱˣϵİ˻ĵĴ½֮ϡ
΢΢ڻϲűио˾ú˳˸࣬˯˯ĸ̤ʵˡ
ЩгɵļһǣһϲҽУӱչ֮˳ĴѰʲô
һѰ֮ʲôûջǾۼһһӺóΨһĽۡҶλһ
һźڻĵлصţѰֻ
ҶΣֱӶЩ˵һĵδǵģһ£Ŭɡ
˵꣬ҶξͲٴˣԼѾʺϳڵˣϾﵽ˲ͬĲΡ
ѽ˯ˣļ磿ĸǣǹҵİ˺Ȼð˳һû
Ҷε˵ͷûж˵ʲô
ҶתҪߣƲƲͣм˵ż˸⡣ΪʲôͼԴ͹ʲôأԵķչкô
ҶһҲǣ漴˵һ
򵥵ز鿴һ´ָҶνЩʮֵͼĶʰ˳Ȼ뵽ĵɽ֮УżͶʽֻлѪ˲ܹС
һͿԺܺõıԺˡ
ٺ٣˻һĽ飬벻˺ٺЦţÿֱֵ飬⣬Ǿĵӡ
˵˵ҽ鲻Ҷѧ˵˵ôһ䣬һۡ
˺ߺ˾ȥδ


1608 
ȥδ
òϣ˵ʵ̫ջˣҶ˵Ҳ̲סˡ
ȥɣɵˣѲȴϰꣿ˼ŷ磬˵ʵʵԼҪȥ
Ҷεͷˣ֪ˣҪ˵
ίƲƲֻͣԼҶǾԼﲻŻô˵ġ
ȥţʮ󿴿ɣҶζ˸ʱ䣬ֻʩչȻԭĿռ䣬ֻʱȴʮꡣ
ǰѾԵı仯仯ҶζеԾˡ
˵
̣ɫ֮ŴƬƬɫ
ɢŵĹԣʮֳ㣬չ״̬ܺá
ʶ鲼ȫҶһЦ˳
üһȻѾôǿˣҶеԼ۾ԤƵҪϲ١
ʱѾΪ˵϶һ޶ľްԣ˿࣬Ƹ࣬ãײҲǿ׳ԣ
ھ¡ҶΪȵġ
ĵĿƼѾչƼļ壬·߹ģγɸƷʵľӣȫ޵У
ڣʱĻѾǵĻˣڵǴ˹
ԭȵ޹ȫ룬γһӲƵ塣
ǿȻչҲվȲϱҶοСĻġ뾡ְ취ţţ˶ܹĳûжʱQˡ
ڵȴһᣬһԳײ£ʵִͳһĻᡣ
Ǹʱˣ򽫻иĻ
żƣò˶þͳһ˰ĸǰȷչԺ¿ɾˡȻҶҲûеģϾҲûҶţƵĳɼ
ǺǣȻȤǾȥҶ֪һʲôֱٴα仯ʱΣȥ
󣬵ѾһŶʢչȫǱܱ㡣
ϿƼͷϵѾȫ˺ɫǣͳһ
ȫĴʱѾ˹ķչһȽĵ·
û뵽û뵽ķչ
ҶҡͷԼԴֱЦ
ֻ֪ҪԼĿǰļƻչδ᲻
ҶЦݲãúŬɣԺһٸһЩиߵķչǰ;ƫ˵Ѿתˣ
鴦ʮԲҶεľͻȫˡھҪͳˡ
˸սһս󣬲⣬һһЩǱصĵжϴòˡ
˵ͨսʶҶεʵҲ֪Ҷƿص쵼£ᾮȻġ
İķչҪһгĴ󻷾ġһǿĴܹһִձܹܵļֵӰĴ󻷾ǿԱܵġ
ˣڻ壬ƽĴʱڡµۣһ׶ʵǺôģں˼۵¹Ƿǳֵġ
ܹƹ㣬˼뾭˼˵ķչᱻܣγֵ۵ġ
һֱɵĵ۶ҶζôĴ󲼾ֵġ
ǵ۶ȴڳŵλſȸżһ˾ǽŲҴңǼ˹һϽߡ
Ҷͷһѵֳˣ뵽ҶθϽ嵽˻ʳ档
û뵽سŵģȻĦһˣⲻЦôõĻֱžžͳ˧֮һȻ
Ħô£ô￴ˣ㷸ʲô˭·ŵģҶһӵʡ
ĦҶθϽңһ㽫Ҷһ˵е飬ɳ˧˵Ҫҳϵءɳ˧Թڣʲô
ҶĿɿڴԼµЩԪ˧ôˣѵһʧķôسţ
ĦҶε˳£͵͵һָ˵ܲܿʲô
Ҷ˳ħָһһƬǽͺͺģûʲôڹͺͺĳǽϣԸо˿˿
ҶγһȻԿڳǽϵһ顣
گһ飬˼ҶΣʵһ쳣ıСˣʵ껾ʥ죬ȴıλ
ıóѺҶԾλȻ㣬Ȼʵ껾λΪͳ̳ˡ껾Σֻܽʵ
ڻλúҶеȨţѹ켺˽ӵе
˵ʩŭԹļһ֮˶ӦŽһ¶ԸɵСˡҶβ罫գ
飬Ҳû֪˭ġ


1609 ɱ
ҶҡͷЦĦҪ˵ЩʲôȴסˡҶĦϽ˶ˣŸ˭صľ͸˭أһжҪָ
飬ҶθϽصʹҵĺͺɳƽ
Ҷκ˵ĺͣɳ˧ͳ¥ǵ飬бҪֵôôָžԪ˧ȥسţҶ֪ôģ
ĺͿɳƽֿҶ˵Ҿ֪˵ġǣ֪Ӱǹġߺһҹ䣬Ȼ콵һ㣬ڳϾͳЩ֣һֱЩȻǹâƣû˼
ɳƽ˵ǰʱʳеİռȫӿ˳ۿһСӵµȺԽԽ࣬ںһɧҡǣĺͺһͲȡ˶ȻĴʩ
ҶЩŭ˵ɢȺȺⶼûдΪʲôͲȡ˼ҵֶΣڳ쳣ʲôû
ĺɫⶼҵ⣬ɳ˲ٵ鱨Ա飬Ƕ۷׷ףеԶﴫ˲ٵҥ԰汾һ汾ֱ˵ڹ͢ڶʱֱӺ껾Ϊľ󻼡
ɳƽֵҲȫĺ֪ͣʵо¹ƵңֱžҲҵģҲûȨ
Ҷ֪飬ɻľҥеʱǿѹҲδؾǼìܣܹ̬һΧڡ
뵽Ҷɫһɲ鵽ʲôΪô
ĺ¶ɫĿǰΪֹһϢҲûСǽӵ˲ٻ㱨˵Ӱ򶼳ֹ쵽Ǻܴ󣬸ȡĮӵ̬ȣû쳣Ķ
ҶεͷǲʼٸߣеΪˣƾųµڿǸ޷ĳڣ˵ˣңҲδܹóʶǵʵɣû˻Ը˻ˮġ
˵ҶȻɫһҲųиڹΪʵʱٳһΣһҪΣĺ֣ͣ۲һҪ緢ּ紦ʱµģҪɱ⡣
ĺͺɳƽȥҶҪȥȴкȻһ죬Ҷֹ죬Ͻ߳˹ȴסһӰ֡
ҶΣаԵΪΪѾǸŭԹˣѵ㻹;֪ôеǸʮֳƣﺬŶһ
Ҷη˰գָƺȵȻе¶ĿôҿԼǲΪ鱾ǿ£¶Ŀ
ҶΣΪ˭ƾ㻹뿴Ŀһı΢ڣڱǰҫ绹Ƿ̰ܽ
ҶЦԼҲԼʲôУẔ́ܽˣֲûԭźúһΰ̵ܽĻ;ܷҶĳ̣ܽ
һ죡ҶΣѾѬˣѵΪƾܹеʵǰܹΪΪôڱǰ㡭
ûеļһ˵꣬ҶֱһӣһҰ׵Ŵ˳ȥ
ϼһĥĥȿûбµһǹ˵ɡ
ĩպڶϴҶε洢Ѿˮ׼Ӵ֧£Ҷһȭſɽѵأתӵ
ҪǣҶε̺֮ƣȻ֮ûȫ뵽У̺Ŀֲ¶ȣ»Ͼͻ
죬ƱҶεƬЩƬ֮˲ˮնʱһƬʡ
Ҷϵǣɢ֮󣬰гֵľȻĸˣ˶ģһģһȥİ̥һ
Щһһصǣôôǽͷϵϻһɷһ㡣ҶǣмһһȻԼӲˡ
Ҫ֪̺֮ǿǹǳģǶԷԼ·൱Ҳᱻ֮Ŀֲ¶˰
̽һˣʵûʵǿǾ˵ĸһȻԼĶ֮


1610 ÷
Ҷεָ˵˭ﵷʲôңҶĳ²֮
мǸһһ˵Ϊ֮˲ǲǣ㣬÷֣ΪľǶԸ֮档Ҳףϴ÷÷ƣ÷ɽ÷꽣
ûҶοڣ÷ɽ˵ҶΣ÷һֵܣ۶ԷǧǶһˣǶֵһϡ
÷ɽŵ˵۸㰡жٰ֣һϣʡñ˵Զ١
ҶЦƾĸõҰ֣ЦһϰɣԸ㹻ǿǧҪʧ
÷Ҫ֣ȴ÷꽣һ½۾ʾһ¡÷ȻҶΣҲ˵Щûõˣﶯ֣ĵ۶Ҫˣǲǻط
Ҷ֪÷ֵ˵һǿ϶ǻᳬģֲࡣﶯ֣ΪһЩĹҪ˼̫޹Ҳý
ԼõѡԼȥԼͷС£Է϶İ취ԸԼԾ͸һȥװˡ
뵽Ҷһֵʲôط˵طǿɱܰ
÷һ׷չȥҶҲ棬еķҶҲϵãǸ
ĺȻ䣬ҶζȻһˮգ
ȣ÷ΧԲʮķΧڣˮããһƬס÷֣ҶζȻʩչղ̼Ƶ÷ֵǰ
÷û뵽ҶλͻȻ֣֮ȵ뵽ˮ֮Уѣ̶̵˲䣬ѾҶνסȥ·
÷ָҶŭҶΣ㻹ǸСˣ˵Ҹطôû뵽ȴͻȻ֣Ӣ۳Ϊ
Ҷһ˵Ը֮ˣҴͲʹñɵֶΡ÷ʳǵ۶ϵԼԿȥİɣҥ£ⲻǱôɢҥԣҪƻһԸңѵǱô
÷ֵʵǿ÷꽣˫ķӳһĽݺת˲ͰΧˮ֮طն䡣
Ҷûгֹɨ÷һۣĸ˵ʲôֵĸһ˶Ķûˣûİ֣ҶԸ׸֮Ըô
ǰԼģҶΣĿԹҶȻǲϵڶصĵһҪȥģôҲð⼸ʰٹȥ
÷ɫһ˿˿߲֮⣬⻰ɲҸҶνа壬Ǻ޵ˡ
÷Щ߳ŭ˼ȵҶΣ㲻ҪԹ磬Ȼ찵÷ȣǾͱĺˡ
ֱǿ߼Ҷ˵ȴ÷ɽ˵磬ԸСˣǻϼ°ɣСӲöԸǱҪԴ
˵ţ÷ɽĴһơ÷΢΢ͷԱʹһɫ÷ȻɢҶεǰγһĺΧ֮ơ
һܵ͵εƣĿҲȷǰҶķϣǸյķ
ߣ÷Ҫֵ֮ԸôҪϵǰڵλãǵһҸɵɣҶγ˵
÷ȻЦҶΣôѾߵһˣûлͷ·ˣ
˵꣬÷ɫһһ֣÷ֻǰ£һƽҶΡ
Ҷδһɨ÷ǰ£ԶĴ伫ΪǴԶϵľ롣
÷ʼձּǵעȫҶϣ÷÷ɽעҶΣ÷ƺ÷꽣ǾԶЩעǰ÷ϡ
Ҷüͷһ£Ϊ֣÷ֻƶ䣬ԼĿռ伸ȫסԼΨһ·յķ
˵ʵڵģ÷ֵʵҪҶǲܵģǣ÷־һͰһķʽѹҶγյķȴ֮⣬ֻƳ÷ֵˡ
ûҶϸ۲죬÷ֵĹѾʼˡ
ó÷ȺԹʮ·÷ȷֻһȭӳȭͷķϣ뵵һı
Щ֣̾Χռ¶ȼٽͣǵǿռ䱻Ŀֲ졣
÷ĹʵϲҪܹ˵ҶΣҪҶδһ鷳ΪֵܴõĽᡣ
ռ䣬ҶεˮͬǾǰѶԷƶٶסΪԼֶܹƣͿγٶϵơ


1611 ս
Ҷΰһƣʱıγһһ߶೤֣ΧıûȽӴ֣ͱ̺֮Ŀֲ¶ȸڻˡ
ֻҶߵҶ߸Զĵطռ仹ǱƶٶȻǻܵӰġ
÷ֵģ÷ɽͼ˫ֺ£һȭ˫ӣҶմ
Ƭ÷ɽ֮úѪһ㣬۵Ŵĺ£ȭͷϱŻһ˶ޱȵʯſ񱩵ХҶηҹ
ҶδƬϸоΣգƾĸ֪Ҷ֪ⶫӴԼͻᷢǿҵıըģıըǲܵһ˺ǱȻġ
Ҫǵ÷ɽͲ£ؼ÷ɽԱ߻ʵ൱ˡֻҪԼԳֵ㱻Ǿǻץסй
ǧҶһƣƬһɫĹâֱֱȥƬڽӴƬ֮ȥϵһ˲䣬ɫϱһסƬ
ҶεĲٿ£һսƬһƬƫҶεķ˶
ڴʱ÷ɽ÷꽣Ȼ˫ּᷨӡ˫ֲ죬˫֮䣬һһżתš
˫ն÷꽣һŭ𣬽˫ּ˳ȥ
žžһһ׵ڼٵǰУ仯תķɽתһ䣬ֱסƬȥ
Ǽ֧ɽȻƬϵնмƬٴα÷ɽٿأҶηȥ
Ψһûжֵ÷ƿЦҶΣ÷ֵ£¾ʹûܹѵ˵ģƹҲҪǵϴˮ㻹ʲô취ֵܵϹ
÷˵⻰Ϊ˷ɢҶεע÷еѾʹԼĹֶΣȻ໥жȣҶξ͵һɲۼӵģۼӵϹ
÷ֱһ̥˴˼ͨЩֶǾε˴˵Ѿһʹûʲô͵һ˲䷢ֶܹҶ˺Ҷλòֻһֶڰ׼ʱ֡
ȷ÷ЦŲٿıҶεܱ߮ĿĲֱ˺ҶΣǰҶεŲռס÷ɽƬסҶεעҶεѹ
÷꽣˫նƬңһ߸ƬŷһŻҶչ
幥֮£ҶѡӦһĽĹͻ
÷ֵĹɢúܿҶξţҲ޷һ֮ڰֹȫ
֪УҶϹ֮Ѿ˳һľ롣÷ֵ¶ɭɭЦݣҪľЧҶηʵԵĽӴҶθƵԼԤеλá
Ҷβüͷ÷ֵϹȷʵǸҶ˺ܴ鷳ؼԼûзĻᡣ
һֱûгֵ÷ƣӦþֵиһǰ÷˹ΪƣԶŻҶҪ빥÷ƣͱҪƿ÷˵Ϲ
Ҫƴ˹÷ˣ÷ƿ϶Լ˲䲼ú÷ֵ˵ϣֱ޷ݡ
ȥɾΣˣΪҶ֪ƬĿռһб÷ָΪǿĶֵţϽ÷ֻ֣ԽԽ
âȭҶȻһӲӽ⣬ȭǰ󣬾ͬһһƬ
һµıʣ÷ȫһ㶡Ϊ÷йУ÷ɽƬΪǿһ÷÷꽣ĹΧ÷ɽƬͷչġ
û뵽ҶξȻǿĹ㷢˷
÷ɽȵعңŻҶνйҾͲˣҶڹҵƬʱ򣬾Ȼܹ𣡡
÷÷꽣ͷӦζסҶκƬײ
ײˣһâݺײƬ¡¡ľ಻ŷһҵĳӣĿռѷΧϹѿ
磡һԹ۲÷϶ҶηԼǿɲǼ䣬һ׹âʱסҶεΧЩֲѵĿռѷ죬Ȼ˲ͱסˡ


1612 ս
ҶεΧһƬͻأ֣Ҷξͷ·һޱȵıмһ
÷꽣Цٿźڰ˫նڱĿռҶնȥҶθղźƬײΪľǴ÷Ϲϡ
ڣƬѾҶεĽâȭˣҶθоԼеľڸȫǿҵĳһһ㣬Ѫ̲ס˳
£÷÷꽣Ĺˡ
ҶƴԼҲûЧģƬ֮Ϲȱʧһ÷˹ɵϹͷƬ÷ɽʱڣ޷ٴηġԣϹҶѾǴˡ
ǣΣǸոտʼΪҶδϹǸ˺ܴĴ۵ġͳҶһ˲䣬÷÷꽣˵Ĺˡ
ҶֻͦһֵĹܹʵԼƽֵսͼ˫еʧʧͻöһĿȻģھͿ˭ʵǿ˭Ӧǿ˭ܹռϷ硣
ָڸЩأҶβòȰԼƺ˵
ת˲䣬ڴָĹâ֮£ҶѸٻָܡͬʱ÷÷꽣Ĺˡ
֮棬
䣡
͡
ҶεΧֳһƬŲҰ׹âĻ棬ڣ˾ҵıը֮˿£ת˲ͻˮ
һ˶ޱȵͷļµĲҰ׻棬ֱ˫նһ죬ͷ˫նȫըյе쫷硣
ϿҶת˲Ƶ÷˵ϹǾһ˲䣬Ҷĵһľ޴ĸ˵ҶӵǧֳʤҲǷַĹ顣
ӵкƥˬǰҶʹóУһʹþ弸գһξݳˣڿôþôˡ
ȻҲ˵ҶξͿֹʹãǧ򼶱Ҳ޴ġ
֮£Ҷ͵ı֣÷ֵˡҪ֪÷µĶֵʱ򣬻ûǿģδʧֵľޱԺ
̬͵Ķֵʱ򣬼תֱ£Ͼͻᷢ˼ϷԵı仯
ˣ߿£ûгֵ÷ƴ
÷˸ûʶҶʹУѾЩԲˣȻУ徭룬ѾЩȵ״̬ҶҪȴԼ壬ȻҶҪʹǿܵˣһҲս١
÷˵һǧѷĺûᣬƴҶƴʤ϶÷ôһӣȴǸҶһᡣ
еʱʤȥڤڤкƶһ˵˵ȥ·ʤɡ
Ҷε׺ݷ£÷ֵˣɥʧľǼ򵥵һͷսֵת
ҶҪʱȴ壬ȴǲܷɶԶֵѹȣΪһѹȣϾͻῴҶεı仯ı仯ڶ˵㷭Ĵ
ҧҶμٷ÷֡
Ҫ֪Ҷɹȥһֻȥ׷ƥһҶαΪȴ壬òʱʹУ͵ǿĶһ
÷ۼҶצһɱ뵽ʱҶʵϾֻһֶţ
ۼԼλֵԼ£ɺ滹ôɱ׷ᣬ㣬С۳ž׷ˡ
÷ƵǳڹԼֵܲģһ㣬ǾЩֵѾǾ֮ˣԭͷģôһֱӾɥʧ˶־
Ϊ缸֪˴˼ǾԵĹģΣԼֵҲô÷ŸϿܣ÷Ƶ߾Ͱȫˡ
ҶһƣϾһС׷ȥôأҶοˡ
÷ɽ˵棬Ҷһղͳ÷ɽ࣬һȭ÷ɽļϡ
÷ɽʱߵķһɳ˼ԶûҶǿ壬Ҷδ۴С
Ҷηȥס÷ɽͷһٿŹû˿ĸַȣȫоåһ޲
顭
Ҷεȭͷһ÷ɽϣﻹţ㲻ô㲻Ƭô㲻ֵô򣬿˭ܾ㣿
÷һתͷԴ˵ǲܿɽӰ򣬴һϰɡ
÷ס÷˵磬°ҪһŻս㿴ҶСӵ壬ǸĸһҲǶְ
÷꽣ŭȵǾͿԼôֵĸһͬ㣬ҲҪһ𣡡
÷Ҳû˺ö˵ɽΪԸⰡⲻȫ֮ôѵǰװҶСӸǺô磬Ͽǵ˷źţѾˣӦûʲô¡


1613 
⻰÷һԴ˵ԣȻˣƣϿɽӣҷźš
˵ţ÷ɽӻͳһöƣݺ飬ʱһԶͳȥ÷һҶͷϣ˫༯ᷨӡҶεͷȻһġ
ƾǣ
һҶΧԲķΧڣͻأЩתٶԽԽ죬ٶȵĲӣЩƾȻʵʻһĶ
Щ̼ͰҶκ÷꽣һ𣬵ЩʵߣҶβŷ֣ЩҽһĶ
ӣ÷Ƶľܹģ³ʼγɵӣͨۻγһͨѶְУֲӣ
ҶΰãҪЩʵİȴû뵽Щûпֲĸ£ȴżǿԣҶÿһ£ͻ˷
Ҷ취ʱһӰһȴԭ÷˽һקס÷ɽϡ
Ҷһƾ÷ק÷ɽϣԼȴľס÷ɽһȡ÷÷ɽʱ˳ҲҶδ˳
ҪллˣҪûţһҪһҶδгԺ̲ס٩÷ơ
ʱѾʼ̣γһһɽһСС÷ҲҶζ죬÷ɽͷܡ
Ҷǰ׷ϣȴԶȻһޱǿϢϢޱѸݵٶ߿£ٶȼ㣬һյʱ䣬ܹϵˡ
̶̵һյʱɵ÷֣Ȼȳǿһǿɾ鷳ˣ
뵽Ҷε¶һĨ׹⣬Զ÷֣ҶλƮſ˹ȥ
÷ЩˣҲǾµϴˣɱˣҲգҶֳʵͱ飬֪˼Եġ
ʹ˼ƽǴ½޵еϹѾǵĳ״ˣղûгҶȴʱƴѾɥʧתϣǵѾٴʩչһϹˡ
ǲģҲţҶǴҵΪô̬ıأ
ղеƴҶܹʹãȴֻһʹһΣ൱˺һʹĴˡ
÷ҧгݵ϶ĿܣԼСӡ
÷ɽҡͷ磬˵ˣˣֵܾһҲûʲô˵ġǴСһ𣬲ܾʲôûзֿڣһҲֵˡ
÷ȵͿѵǶһͺˣߣʣһ˿ɾʲôûˣߣ
˵ţ÷ǰһƮһһȻŷ۵Ĺâ÷ȻҪԱ
Ҷڵȴʱ䣬ʩչ˴ࣵһҶεʶȻ籬ըһ㷢죬ӿȥ
ƥʶ˲סΧԲǧķΧ÷ֱΧڵУоԼʶϳ÷ƴȫҪػסԼʶȻûбҶεʶ֣嶼Ѿˡ
÷ΪأͨԼԱֵȡܵĻģû뵽ҶλʹóԵľ򹥻÷͸оԼʶҪơ
÷о첻еʱеʶȻ˲ͣ÷һûлȻһɸΣȻϮ
һҶ·һΧĿռȻһ£뵽һֽ͵״̬
򣡡÷׾ˣ˵ղҶεͣ÷һЩͬھ뷨ĻڣеĶ־ȫˡ
һҶʵϾֶΣֻǰҶεʵ԰ѷһҶ߷󻯡
ڣҶξεۻȻﲻˮ׼ȼǷһҶǰѾǲͬնˡ
ҶʹһҶѾ΢΢ı֣Ǿ־ΥҪɱ㣬ҲֻܹԹ
з·ƮҶŹ÷ĲϷȥٶȲô÷Ȼû˿Ķء
÷ɽ岻ܶﻹ˵ǴſǻֻҪŹҴ磬ţΪūΪ澣Ƕûл˵
÷꽣÷ҲŸŸͣ׷ױʾԼѾˣԸٸҶζԿˡ
쵰˱ϥ÷ֵǶˣǱңϿܰɣ÷ҪҪԼҵֵܹܵĻᡣ
磬ûˣܵĻᣬܺѵܹô÷ɽ޺
˵һĿռȻһҶͣ÷ɽĵط
ֵ߰ɣжԶ߶ԶҪٿǡ


1614 ޴˵
һҶƷɻصҶεڣΧĿռ΢΢һָֻԭӡ
÷ЩҪ˵ȴ÷ɽһѳסҶһˣ÷ֶͬ죬÷ԣֻҪǴҪϧ
ҶθоǹΣյϢԽԽٽˣ˵߰ɣĵϾˣǻߵĻΪ󻼣̲סҪɱˡ
÷ɽҶιݣ÷ֵܣʧããյС
÷ʧãһɺޱȵǿϢ˲ͳĿռ䣬Ҷθоһ״ѹһɽһѹԼϡ
ҶεܣŷŭһԶźİĺɢĿռС
ǣռ˾ҵĶǿϢͲŭֿŵĶȻڿռʵʻһ˼ҵײһĿռÿռѣҲ֪˶ãĿռָԭ
ǺǺǣҶΣû뵽ֽˣľǶԵģǲϣȷʵвռУһޱϵЦ
УȻǧʱ֣ʵģֳһɶߵĴΡӰӰʵ׳һŴԲŨüֱۣڷһԴС裬ȥׯϱ࣬дȴ󱯵˼
˵ַڸǰһֻǷ˱۾ҶΣּ临ӵ顣
û뵽һȻ˾޴ҶΣһոյ˴ΪȻǰֿܹסѹܽзبҲΨһһˡ˵ţ˾Ȼҡͷ
ҶȴǾޱȣԷ˵ĻҲ൱ڳԼˡ
ȻΪطӵߣѵͲӦб˵黳ôҪάά𣿡Ҷʵ
Ǻǣ˭ΪԼޱġ֪ʲôôӡı˵
Ҷһ֪ӡ⻰ʲô˼ʶʵʲô
ӡкâһ˵ʵسʼʱ֣ӵе漼ܸͬеǿƵģеǷǳʺġУ壬塣
˵ӡǳ޾Ļ䵱УһϹʱڵ£Ҳʹ˴򿪡
صӵżߵǻۣڸطƾص㣬ǻʱ򣬾ǻ۸ΧǵȺг˾ǿߣ϶ʵɱ
вٵˣ֮⣬ʣµҲһϢˡΪϵԴ屬˼ΪֲսȺܾˣʧ
ʱ徹Ȼ干ĸƾ˺ܶĴ壬װԼ
Ϊǲ໥乵ͨģΪľҪľԴԡΪںսУ˴˸ôܣһٵ춨Ϊ֮׵λá
˴Ժ󣬶㵽նĻп棬澳Уĸл֪һܣǾڸ潨Ĵ˵з˴
о˴ϲϾ;ȫѰ䡣û뵽ڲͽϢʹĶ
ɳڵľӢи٣ںһҵǣһ־־̬ڵģֻͨжá
ĸֺĸٴѪƴĸֻ˴ĸֻĴС
Ȼõͱٵ߰˰ˣټشӴ˾ʧˡ
õ˴֮Ⱥõ˼ķչٲȻеߡ˻Ի£ȴΪȺڵԭ˥
õˣͼΣн̤񾳵ĳڳ֡ڣӦ˵ʱˡ
Ҷľǣû뵽ȻĲۡ
񣿡Ҷʵ
ӡЦ˵أبֻ֮ҪõˣαҪ¾ɾأй˰˱ƽǲǸأ
Ҷһ̾ԴȱΪѾǲɸıˣûб˵黳ѵеһҪɱ¾жȹôѾ̫ˣѵҪ޾еĳô
ӡоâ˸ҶΣ㲻Ҫ˵վ˵۵ĻڽӽֵʱһʲôоѵǷ³ôȻѪǾֱһΪֹɡ
Ҷһüͷ˵ӡ㾿ô
ӡֳ˼ùâҪ𣬴ҲҪһУԭģҶΣѴȫˣǾֱΪðɡ


1615 ת
ЩӡҶκѰƺϵһ𣬹ֲõҪ˵ޣӡ˵Ѿǳ׷ˡ
ӡЦҶΣҲòϣبһǳļһ̤뵽翪ʼΪԵʣԽսĴĹ¡һֱڣģ죬Ӧǳ׵Ҫˡ
ӡŭҶξ͸оΧʱͿռڷŲɣľޱ䣬Χ޾գȴںȻðɽʹأ̫ﻨ㣬һԴһľ
һѵǻþôҶԸǻþǣҶͷųʶеһжʵʵڵĶ
ҶΣ֪Ĵֶ˰ɣֶΣֶΣܹתʵĳֶΡеһУҲµʵ磬ת죬תת£ת죬ͻ˾ת죬һϸ°ɣ
ӡĿЦнԶҶ˾ת档
Ҷδͻأֵ磬ȴʼһɹϵϢֶǲɹһ綼ܹӪ
תת£ת죬ʲô˼أ
ҶЩ̫е˼ЩǣҶԶɽȥΪоǱߺϢһ
ţȴɽ棬һҶĸǣЩ˾ȻЩϤĸо
Ȼ䣬Ҷ뵽ֲЩ˿ЩϤԭЩ˵ͷθӡһġ
ˣҶЩˣ治֪Ϊʲôܹˡ
һ׺Ȼȫ仯ˣ͸ӡһĨһġҶλȻӡľתеһжӡ滮õģʲôģһһԸı䡣
ҶΣʷϿǼҪڣ֪һԼʲôζ
˼ͬ˵⻰ͬЦ
ʮӡһģһΧҶɢҶΧ˺ġ

Щվ֮ϾͶҶչ˹Ҷη֣Щ˿µĹʵжȣµϡ
ԣЩΧʱҶβûпȥעߵĶֹǹ۲󷨵ۡ
ҶΪƾԼǿܹԷƲôĹҶӴԷĹʱĽӴȴҶεǱһһʱʹ顣
ҶθоԷʱΧĹѾͬϽˮһ಻ʱҶοɲҴˡ
ˮգ
ҶΣƾЩ΢ĩôǾת죬磬һЩֶΣûõġ
ΧЩЩˣͬһͬһ飬һʱҶ׹þеĸо
Ǿת죬ӡԼӪһ磬еķӦӡԼµġ
ĻУӡµһжܹѷЩˣԵʵȴǸԼӰ죬ܹöصķԼĹ
ĺȻҶԺһ˿УǾ˶ģҪصģӦþܹƽתܣһ󷨣ƽתҪҲ󷨵ۣ
뵽ҶѹסԼϲõ飬ղΧҶεԺڷɿ㣬󷨵۵׸ʲôط
ĸӣ۷ģֻҪ㹻ģͻ˳ŹķԴҵۡ
еı仯ȫݱԺҶڶһλáǸλϵ˲Ĺ࣬ʵн·ȴǲΪԴƶСĹ˱ضɣ
Ҷεʶסˣȴǹ˱ˡ
ҶΣ֪ˣǣĹʲôأܵ˷һһı鳰ҶΡ
һָҶûôеУ崫езͼһָХҶʶǸϮȥϼ䴫ͨһǸӦ¡
ʮ˷׷£Ҷһľ롣Ҷ֪ԼɹˣСĹ󷨣ѾԼƽˡ
ȻҶҪʱǸصȻվһ˱ˣ
һһԺʮҲ˲һԭʮˣȻһ˸ˡ


1616 ת
ҶΣϲѾ˾תĵһתԵС죬ҲΪ޴ˣؾתĵڶתԸ´һصĺӴ
һ˸˹ЦҶεĶĤЩۡΪƽ󷨾ܹջˣʵҲȷʵû뵽ƽС󣬾ȻһԼ
ݣҶһ˦ּ䣬ѾʮĮɵ󷨻ʯӳ˲Ͳ˸ղҶѾС󷨡
Щ󷨻ʯҶҲǱ仯Լģһ˵޴󷨵УһɻĮûҶģɵС󷨸޴󷨶Կ
ҶθһĮɵ󣬳䵱С󷨵ۣΧһ˽й
ҶüͷʼǼʵı仯ȻҶһ޴󷨣Ȼ仯̫٣ֻһϵһ仯浱Уܹϵ޴仯ģֻϵ֮ײˡ
뵽ҶβʣĻĮһ֣ʣĻĮȫӵ޴
ҶεĲٿ£ЩĮϵ۵ʽתôһת޴ҲŻĮת
ٶȵĲϼӿ죬Į˾ϵһһ𣬶ٶԽԽ졣
ٶȼӿ쵽µһǣеĴתڣȫһϵתγɵĴ֮УǻĮˣյյǴеġ
˺ͻĮܿͶ뵽˴еģ˸ĮＤҵĶײ˾ӡ⴦ܺӡȼĻĮǾͲĲһǰˡ
һĲҺķûһѪıųЩʧˣͺϴûдڹһ
Ҷʶ׽˻ĮٿŻĮͣĮٶȽصҶεСҶḧĮֱԭ׹ӣҶι˲档
ǡ
ΧĿռ俪ʼҶɽڲһƬƬѣϵ̫ҡҡλΡ磬һ
Ҷη˰գĬĬעһУҶοеһжһССĻ𣬶ССĻ𣬲һΣĿʼ
еıʣûʵбĶͳͳ䵽棬ǳһ״ɵһϡ
еȫеȻҵıըڱը޷ֱӵĹâУһΰӰ¶˳
˵òӡƵĵط˾Բӡ󣬶һսʿ
ΧָֻյӣҶθоգղŵȫͬģҲ˵Լӡľת
ˣǸսʿɵҶεǰҶʵ
Ҷεͷ˵ǵģҶΣˣ
սʿͷ˰ӣϣ˺Զܹģֻһҡ
Ŀ⣬Ҷ˵ѵͲܻγôеһѵҪĳȥô
ɫ΢΢һ£ϴȵˣҶΣαıɣŻޣǸɴҵһῼһĻ
˵ţɭɭЦţ̧ԼֱۡҶһüͷҪ˵Ѿǲܵˡ
Ǹ£Ȼһȭӳֱһâһҫ۵İâҶ˹
Ҷûаȫעеű飬ӸղŶԸ󷨻аӵĹȻĸǺġʵһޱȻԻ͵
ԵĻҶ뻯֮ìܣڣȴòս
һָҶδ˰ӵĹһָ˰ӣҶû뵽ǣһȻһӰѰӷŵˡ
ҶθϽǰ鿴ӵôָӻָơӿһҶΣȻȫ˵ʣʧյС
УӵҶΣһҲܹ֮ĳޣֻһֱûһбԸˡڣж֤һСҲתתͲᱻƣϣܹסĻ
һ䣬¡¡ľ첻ϣΧվȻȫˣû뵽ӵʵȻǿѾǽһˡ
ӲУֻ̽Լһ£ڣԼһսʿںƽĿͶԳ޵Ĳ
ҶһⲻǸмӰתǶһϧһΪȺսʿľ⡣
ģӣһҵĺƽŵԵģ֮Լ
ҶĬĬȴߵľ䡣


1617 ʥ
һҶ˫˵ϣоŵʵ̣һ̳뵡
һʯʴǺܴҲǺܸߡҶν˫Уȥȴ·һƬޡ
ĸ覵ĸϵһ޴ޱȵķͼ񣬵һۿȥϸ֮ȴ֣Щƺɢһ⣬ʥ֮
ʥȻĵã֪кεȸء
ҶκȻһһŴ˿ȥһƬޡȴһܻܻΪһӣȻһĪ
һϬҶԺһ˿۹⡣һ˲öĺ壬ӾΪʼΪգ
öΪӣʥȴ̺һ˿ʥ򡣴ʮľţ˶һ
ǶȥһӾһ𣬻û뿪ʥĻôһȫ
ҶһȻӻȻѹЩ󣬸Щ£ǿʶ־Ȼᱻ˲ǣȻСҺûɱ⣬Ȼɡ
򵥣ȴ͸¶ŲһɱۣɱⰻȻҶθоͬһѺڲ䣬һɱʵʻն֮ʱ
ص£ǵɱ
ֻһ·һʯףһİеšվڴ룬ʥ֮ڣҶɿԸܵõǵϵɷ
ͷ·ʹһ㣬ϵ̸ĸожôʥ࣬Ÿĸожôа
һ·һ˲䣬ҶԺӿһͷ
ھһֵȻĽȴ·ƫƫһǣҶεġҶ̧һȥҪ̽ѰһĲ֮
һδ̤䣬ҶεĽŲͣ˿Сڼ½Ųһ˲䣬Ҷη·һؼ̾Ϣ̾Ϣ̫ͳҶΪĻþ
̾Ϣڸ̾Ҳһ·ҶԼԼҲ֪
Ҷν˻Ȼϥ˵ϣת˴ؼϹд漣
ƬϢһҶεͷӿûһ߲⡣ҶȻ۾ٴο
ﻹһһѪɱ̾ʹĺʯȻһ֪˶õİ׹ǣѪҺȾŨĺɫʱ³Ϊĺɫ
ڵķЩ׹Ǹڻǧųɾĵ·ÿһ϶һ˻Һ꣬ЩѾԶŵʱУǴ˿ҶĴ£Ȼ˵ҳ
˿ﻹǻѪȴ壬ܷɳ
ҶΰһңҺûһʥûΪƽ߶ȻǾ뵽Զŵ·;ˡ
ɫʯͬһڴ˿̵Ĵҫ£һ˿ѾΪıɻƮҡ
ȷһ·ȴһ·д
Ҷδʯ̨ϣߵɫʯǰɫʯһƣʯ֨ѽһƿˡ
һĵϢź˳ͬʱһХʵʣҶεϡ
Ҷ˿ȻɱȻǻԶҶ˺ҶһãҶδ˽ȥ
ȭͷɢžҵĽ⣬дҶεֱӺۣץסҶŶһ˲䣬˵ոڡ
ҶһХͬ˫ȭӳݺݵײŵȭͷϣȻը죬
һҵĽţ֮䣬綼ûɫ
Ҷȵվ棬ྻûһ壬ˣ
һʽȻ֮ǰǸһģһͬĺɫذ壬ͬĵһۿȥĸоǼƽȴں޵ɱ
ҶλһۣǵѾȥ⻪һйڼžͷ·һλãһб仯١
âȭһбǴմȥⲻιֱֻӵļ⹥
Ǵ򣬽âȭҶѾ˳뻯ĵز幥ȴǴﲻơ
ǴЩ򱬣Ҷεȭȴǰٴ麣Сȴûнеĵ˸
Ҷδˣ
һصЦ𣬳ӯųЦͷ̡


1618 ǧ۷
ˮƽߣǲ֪ôܹͨ˴;һ֮ҲգϷһ̲࣬ȥɡ
Ҷûа㾪̣һȭͬһȭâȭһȭƾȻûҪԶ֮ǰһȭϡ
ڽŵʱҶαܵ˴źһȭͷǿޱȣҶƲź͵Ϯ֮ʵ㲻ҲǴһ
Ҷ֪˵ǿ󣬸ԼʵģǴҲһսǰµĴҲˡ
£ʥУȴʱʱ̿ھ˭֪жУʯǷỹʯǷ񻹻ǿ
ڽ뵽źĪаע⵽ʯ쳣Ȼ֮ǰһνȴȫһӡ
ôҪɱˣŻֿ뿪
Ҫ޵ʱ뿪ʥôܼ򵥣İ취̵·ɱ񣬷ɱһ·ɱȥ
ôɱַ죬Ȼַˣ
ʯҪҶ֮֮Ҷ֮ǰһȭһ壬еĵ˳֣Ȼһȭ
˭Ҷʵźߡ
һһĹͬǣȫ³ֱۡЩֱЩֱۣͬЩȴǼΪľ޴׳ЩǷϸС
棬Ǻˣ󣬷ͨǧ۷Ҳǧ۷Цţǧֱ۶ڻ裬Ϊ׳۵Ǹӹ졣
ǧ۷û˵Ҷε¶һĨʮԵĳ
棬ĸҳЦңȥɡǧ۷ȵһȭǧۼһǧֱ۾ȻͬʱҶκȭգ̹
Ҷδһ
תϷһ𣬵סǧֱ۽ٵѹϢƣ˲˿
һǧֱȻٴλ۳ΪһֱۣƳݺݵشҶ֮ǰפĵط
ռ飬ֻ˲䣬ձѾ£ִԭʼ档
Ҷһ˲սıܼٶһǽâȭǧ۷Ĳȥ
ǧ۷ͷƺЩ̫⣬ս򶷼ȴǷǷޱȡһֻȭͷǧ۷˳Ҷε˳
ֹĸоļ£
Ҷεȭͷ˲һǧ۷ֱ۾ͬ˲ƶٴζҶεֱۡ
Ҷֱ۲аٴƶȻǧ۷ֱ۲ƶһµֱ۾Ȼٴ˳
ҶβٱнһȭȫȥȭҶûио֮ǰȭͷûκβͬ
һɾ޴ǧ۷ֱۺ˳˳Ҷεֱ۴˽Ҷһˡ
ǧ۷˺һٴվҶΣ벻м
棬ƾ㣬Ҫңΰǧ۷ߣ
Ҷε˲ǻһ⣬ȭգд壬ǧ۷ĴȺ
ǧ۷ĴЦ˵ǿǿ󣬺ٺ٣ɲáǿ󣬾˫Σ
ǧ۷һֱֻ̽һСȭͷҶҡҡǧ۷ƺĶǷȵƴ壬㲻У
Ҷȭӯٴһȭâȭ
ǧ۷Ȼûжܣȴһ˲ֱȻ۳Ϊһ޴ޱȵֱۣĴȻҪ֡
Ҷβûмı죬Ҳòϣǧ۷оǾ㤣ӴϳӾĳļ¡
֮ˣȻ챾죬˳ϲۣҶ˫һƯ˿У˫ֻ࣬Ȼһ
ǧۣȻ޵УǱһУҶεһŭ𣬷ԲʮɵķΧһƬ𺣣ڻ𺣵Уһֻͷ˳Ƶĺǰȥ
·˺أХǰУ˲㽫ǧ۷˻УĴǧ۷֮أͷһڽǧ۷̽˿С
ҶһоЩԣƺǧ۷ûһ㷴˼ɻҶλ֣ҪлأҪһµǷıʡ
ԣҶȻоһɺ⣬ƶ壬ԺһͷѸ
˲䱬ը˿Ľգ
һи֣Ҷһǧ۷ֱۡ
ȭͷٴκһ𣬾Ȼж죬ȥľж졣һײ֮Ҷ嵹˳ȥ죬Ҷμʧȥ֪֪Ѿˡ
˵⴦İ׹Ӳر˳һƬãѪɽķ
ǧ۷ؿЦмؿҶΣػȫеȭͷ˵ǿ


1619 ֮
ѹִͷβǧ۷һֱȭͷԭҲǧ۷һ˵ɣֲǧ࣡
Ҷδӵվ俴ǧ۷һָ˲ָ״̬
ǧ۷Ȼһ㣬ǿǿȻ߲ĴΪǧ۷ǿ£Ȼһ㡣
ǧ۷һҶΣƺԴָЩ棬Ǹȴӡȵָѣȵҵָ֮
£ǧ۷һȭһȭ֮ǰȭϲҪֲûпֲƣһ
ҶأһȭûаƣǸĸоȴǿֲ˼㡣ǧ۷һȭͷȻһ˿Ϣ
ڰеҶȻؿڸһ˲ƺȭͷһҶ嵹ɶٶԺе˼
һ̷ӦʱҶηȻײʯǽУ弸Ƕ뵽ʯСûһĵطԴҳһ̲ࡣ
ҶθܵķǳÿһѪҺǣѾȫزˡ
ͨһҶδǽϵˤ˵ϡȴǽԶػָԭҶθ˳
Ҷǿתָһ˲ٴλظԭӡһںѪ˳վڲԶǧ۷ЩȵؿҶΡ
ףȻôͻָˣߣҵǿָܹٴΣǧ۷У󲽳Ҷγ
Ҷνǧ۷ȭ˲ڷɶƯ˿Сͷ·һֻһ㣬ڿŲǧ۷ĳ
ǧ۷ͷ·ôڴӬȫץҶεӰǺܸߣܴ󣬵ǶҶεԣѾ㹻Ųˡ
Ҷβͣһط岻ͣƶʱڶʱһǧ۷Ϸһ굽ǧ۷¡
ǧ۷۴УƫƫȴץҶεӰ
СӣǱ׷ΣҲ˺˱ʱŰɣͣЪ֮ʣҲñɱ㣬ԼҪҷ𣬺ߣôЩ˶پţǱ㣬Ҳǣ
Ҷβòϣǧ۷˵Ķԣʱȥûܹ뿪ȷǱɡǹʯеɱҶһֱио·ڤڤУȴʱܻ֣ȴһɱ
װɣ㿴׷ңҲ򲻹㣬ҹȥҿԴָ룬ָ֮ѧ˴ֱָ绢˵ܵͻƳΪָտɴ
ǧ۷ٴδЦмغȵ󣬱ȻеҪͱ𣿡
Ҷλһͣǧ۷һ仰ȫǶϾ˽׵·˼ҸʲôҪȥֻҪĬĬذʱˣȻԵõһҪġ
ҪҺú棬úñһٵĻǿԿĺʹ죬ôײɣǧ۷Ц
˵꣬һȭȻٴ͵Ϯ
Ҷǧ۷̻Щ⣬ǾΪСһɵӣֻܹ˵Լɵӡ
߽ľڱ¶ĺ֮£ڽɫʯŵʱ򣬺߾ѡ͵Ϯ֮ǰУͬһֱʵȻ󱩻
ǧǣһãҶһֱǧ۷һķɡܹߵˣһİ׳գ׳߲һ
Ҷ˲˿ǧ۷֮ǰǾ춯أϣһȭܹģҲҪʱ
Ҷζ㿪Ϊǣڱصõһȭǧ۷ŭ˼㣬ŭȵСӣһĺܲң
ÿÿж˵Щˣҵȭͷ֮£Ҷػһ䡣
ٴè׽Ϸǧ۷εȷһֻصèͣƱˣȴǸ׽ҶΡ
Ҷ岻ϵŲƣǧ۷һһεĹǧ۷ȭͷϵغڴǽϣȻһѺۣ֮ľ
ʮֵĹ죬Ѻ۲ϣȴܿ޸ǧ۷ĿֲҲȻûдƵĿܡ
СӣҪˣ͹ԹԵҰɣǾֻдͶ磬Ҳ൱įģǧ۷ʤɣٴν
ǧ۷ӾһСӣΪҶζֻΪԺļįҶηֳһ˿
㻹дͶ磿Ҷʵ֮ǰǧ۷˵˵ҪҪꡣ
ǧ۷һЩ͵ϮֶΣְյȻ˽ڵġ


1620 ŭս
ǧ۷дһ˿أ˵Ҷ÷һϵ£ʮ죬˭棿
Ҵӵв֮
ҶһеŶһ˿ԴһٸôԴٸ
ٺ٣Ҷһ˭棬Ҷ֣ʮҲܹżҴһΣ
Ҷȷˣǧ۷ǿߣϱȻһΪǿȻᱻʵ÷۸
÷ʵȻûеʮĳ̶ȡǧ۷ǸŻᱻãűǮ÷׻ܡ
ҶΰнңõһôһˣҪһֱӾ͵ýˡ
Ȼǿޣ̵ĸߵ;ޣ
ȷǧ۷һҶοʼȫλ̽
˲Ҷε·𻯳һڶһ㣬ɢһ⻷ֶҶοǧ۷ֶȥ
ᣡ
ǧ۷Ȼڹ⻷ӽʱȻһȭһ⻷ȻӦ飬ǧ۷վԭأЦ
һҶ
һöΡΡƮҶȻƮ˴УڿռŵĴ˸Ŵεɫ
ȥҶһУҶһɵƳգǧ۷Ҷûзɵɱ˵ĸоӯŲ
ʱţҶתͷϽػһſź顣
ףǧ۷÷
ҶȻ֮ǰǧ۷˵иԵı죬Բͷ
Ȼ÷ԾˣǷ߸ֱӾ
ôǧ۷Ȼһǧֱˣǧ۷Ǹˣ˵ѣȻὫ籩¶
ôǧ۷жֱأҶηһֱ۲ǧ۷÷ǵȷûǧ۷жֱۣ
ҶٴڴΧǧ۷תǧ۷ǴһزϵϮҶΣȻҶ׵ض˹ȥ
ǧ۷ʵˣҶ֮󣬷ǳȷǧ۷ֻһǧֱۡ
Ҷһǧ۷̬ԺУÿһֱ۵λöؿӡ
âȭҶһȭ̽ع˹ȥ
ǧ۷ͱҶһ۵ɧŸŪˣ˿̿Ҷڲҷɣʼ˹
ûа㵣ģЦеСӣҿ㲻ɣͷɣҿΪͽܣ
Ҷȫעضǧ۷ֱۣʶɢУȫλع۲ǧ۷ֱ۶̬ĺȫҶ
Ҷһȭǧ۷ȲһֱȲĵط˳Ҷʶʱ⵽ǧ۷һֱʧˣС
ڽһ̣һֱֻ۱ǧ۷Сȴ˳
Ҷдϲȭ嵹ɶܵһߡ
ǧ۷һȭգŭʮַŭȵСӣڸʲôû˸ңҪɱ㣡
ҶٴΧŴתһһϣһС֦ѿСֻ˲䣬С֦ѿҵˣһ
һС֦ѿٴٶȽһᣬ·һ
ǧȥ
ǧ۷ڷɶȥһѶߣ鶯졣
ǧ۷˻ţȴǺܿ㱻һֻšǧǾνңֻҪһסɶҪ
ǧȴҲǿ֮ˣϾǧһȻżǿԣ㹻ʵ
ǶϴһҶκһץסں̵ܶʱ䣬ͿԱƵ
ǧ۷ǧĿǣ˵ǿ󣬶ֱһǱϣҲܹ׵رˡ
ԣҶβڵһʱǧû뵽ǧ۷ƺžȻһͳƣһȷеĳƺһҶεĻˡ
סСϣǧ۷ֱ˲˳һץסøһˡ
ϾǧжôǿͣǺʹйأҶη㣬ǶԲǧ۷ǿȲȻױǧ۷ϡ
ǧ۷Це棬ֶҶӽˮ˰ɣ
Ҷ鵭֮վԶͣƮ壬Էǧ۷ץסһٱȴٿǧϵѿ
ǧ۷ϵûоʹήңֻҪҶβǧһζؾסǧ۷Сȣһ·˳Ҷȥ
ǧ۷ھ쵽˲ԣǧֱۣϣֻҪܵڣ㽫ϣȻ仯
ϲܹʹһģռϷ磬һӣȴѾȫסˡ
ǧ۷˻𲻾屻һԲڵϹȥ


1621 ÷
Ȼǧ۷޾סˣҶʶȻǧ۷Ķ̬һ
ٰ߰ϧֱ۱ϵסǧ۷彥ؽסˣá
һҶǧ۷·ҶֱһһöҶٴλûΡΡȴ񲻶뵰ҶңԵЩ½롣
Ҷһ˲·ǱУһѾǧ۷ĲһѪŶǧ۷Դ˲䱻ѳΪΡ
ŤţδѪȾȻһǧ۷Ե˵ϡ
ҶλЩĵزҽǧأɽǧ۷塣Ҷգϵǧ۷
ǧ۷û˰㷴ӦиΪһһ⡣Ҷȷǧ۷Ѿˣǧ˻һ˵ϣ弸̱ڵأһ
Ҷ۾Ȼһȴǧ۷ʬпǵˮһؽ뵽ʯУȫһʯžôسС
Ҷûаԥڿշ˽ȥ
棬ϵ˰ɣȻ뵽ҵĴУ·㲻ߣ㴳ؼ䣬ȻǵŵĴЦȻǧ۷ġ
Ҷ̧ͷܿȥȻһѪռıڶѪ⣬ڲϵ䶯ȷ١
Ҷת֮ӿ¶һɲİȻҶȫ
ưãҶˮ䣬עܣԺзٵ˼Ÿνλ÷
ףȻѹܹǲܣȻ䣬Уصٴγ֣ȴǱ任ΪһֱӵҶ롣
ͨԶҵ뷨ҶкȻ
һ̣÷ȴû˵ܳһ䣬һʯС
÷ľֹȫҶεԤϣ֪Ϊʲô÷ôط֮ǰĲ֣׵سʯС
Ҷڵȴţ÷ʲôأ
վҶβԶһӰ·ȫںڰУòʱڱ仯
㲻ڼװʲôһᱻ͵ҲȫԶϤ֮䵽׷ʲôܶ˵ʲôɱģЩҶǳ
ҶаҲȷǣ˵ģͶǧ۷˽⣬Ȼ÷ǶȻ֮ϵġ
ǧ۷磬ܹ˵ʲôȻ÷Ҳ˽ġ
㽫ҾôþУʲô㣿Ҷʵ
÷һЦȵʲôĿģ൱򵥣ɱΪܱѡңô֪Ͳǻþأаɣ
÷Ц˲ʧˡ
һɫͻȻڴӿ˳ҶαһⲻǺɫѪɫ̺ŨŨѪ
ҶȻоһȣȻԽرѪӿһɲսѪļ䣬һ̣ҶξҪսҪѪֱӵսȭȭ⣬ȭȭѪ
Ѫɱ¾УĴ̼
ɱҶȻһ˻˳
ףԣҶһ˲˹˫˲ָȴܴ˿̣ȻѾѪһƻͬһСħ˻ڼһŬꡣ
֮ǰƲסɱΪЩС
Ҷһ𣬴תһķڵѪųһСˣڼ˻ȴǴ˿̶Ҷγη壬ڿ
ߣһȺûõĶһĺһ˴Ӵ˳һǳ⣬ЩѪСʱվȣһˤڵϡ
̤һŸ߸ҶεԴҶʩչأǾ˾ȻǸ߸ϣһźݺݵ̢
֮֮ܣϯءҶһȣָſоһ㣬һ쫷Ҷεָ⴦ӿ
쫷˲ǣΧСХں
֮ǰһС˴ʱӵܣҽУһرը˴Ѫڵϡһ̲ˮɢĶ
ȥҶָһ㣬һ쫷ܻһƴӻХϣһдӷзɳˡ
Ҷ÷һ˾ˣҪ˾˵ĽѾӣʵЩġ
дŲھ˵Ľϣǲ첻˻ĽƱг롣


1622 
˱Ⱦܣз˹׷ھ󣬾ٶȲǺͷȣͲһأл˵壬ΪĽأˤ˵ϡ
Ҷλ֣ٻأϾûΪһѪ⣬ʧ
һ̹Ӿ˵ӿ˳ɢһȻƺȻޱȵĴɴ࣡
ҶμֱţдƴУǿȲ󣬵ȴѵõĴ⣬Ագ
̹·һ㣬Ҷо̹⾹ȻǣҶκһһл̹Ϊ˷顣
ܴ֮Ȼ˵񣬵ǶȻǿҵջԡν̲ȻżİǶȻҲż
һ˻ȴһֻӥжҶȻоؼһ䣬ѾһƬԭУУһֻӥͬһֻСХ
Ȼﻹ÷ĻþУ
Ҷһ£һЩӦûֵܵѹơ
Ȼ䣬һ˻һ˸һצ
Ƿҵ𣿡Ҷа˼ͣңȻ߲Ļʱĥ𣿡
ҵҪβܹƳЩþ
ҶԺлںǧ۷򶷵ʱǧ۷ǿޱȣǶߣȴһȱ㣬Ǹȱ㵼İ
ô÷ȱʲôó깥뵽þУȴ֡
һʱҶβżҳǣɲӣÿһ֮ſһ
ԽԽ죬Ҷηɱǧ۷֮ӵľʾڼӿ졣Ҷβ֪ʱ䱾ͲˣԲŻἱ٣Ҫӿٶȡ
ǽ뵽˵ڶأʱӿ죬ҪԸʱ㶨÷
÷ȻҪǧ۷Ѳʱȴıǧ۷̣ҪĻǼֱڴ
ʥѹ뵽һУϣﱻ
һ˲䣬Ҷ˺ܶ࣬ȴʱ벻ɱ÷Ψһȷľǣ÷ǧ۷һȻһΪǿ˲䷴
ɫѾ˹ȻһצҶβò̾ıǧʵȻҲܹû
ϢޱǿҪ֮ǰֻӥ֮ϡŶһΪǧ۷֮¡
ǺܹģҶȴһɸоȻǿ󣬵ܹ¡һ޵еģҶı
ҶٵòԣȴӦȻ֮ˣһ˶û޵е̬У档
ҶθоȫѪڣһŭеצ˶Ҷδһ÷㿴Ҫ
ϱ
Ҷεұ̫ͬ緢һҫŲֱӵĹâҶεϣһɭɭսȻֳ
˲䣬Ŀռ·ȫסˣʱҲ·ͣһʱΣ˰ѱɭɭս·ûбĴˡ
һ׵ëҶεͷϻƮһתΧĿռȻâʢ뵵ȫӿҶΡ
һǧޣ飬ϱؼûط࣬ⶥ죬βأգն¡
ܵҶһƣоȻ˲Ȼŵתܡ
ߣҶδһϱбʹһն¡
ؼ˲ʧɫһѹ֣ط·ڱ
նΣŵµȥϽɫâȥֻʣһѪѪ죬žޡ
ʬ˳ϡХһƸǶѹ֮죬ϡ
һؼ綼뵽˿С˲ӴޱȣҪȵ֮ǰ
һʧˡҶһæХһѪꡣ
Ҷο˿ڣ˫۲Խð˺⡣ιһ˲䣬ҶθֱܵʥԴ
Ҫܹˣʵ֮ĺ÷صĶУܹ·硣
ʧ˿Уһ̣ҶδһãҪˣȴѾ
βһĺأҶβԽظоЩ
βͳҶεϣҶһƺߣ嵹ɶɳǧ֮Զΰͣˤڵϡ


1623 ɱ
ڵϣҶԾйͷҪˣһβɵƻȻҪǿڴǧ۷һ
ٶҶæƶ壬ȴû뵽ûзɳûУȻе㻢ĸо
Ҷ˫ַأֻƽһǯס顣鱾Ѿ겨׺ŵȻʮֵĻҶ֡
һŴڲܹҶΣݺһҶεĲҧ
Ҷæֱ۳ſһҶ˲һȻ类һ㣬ʱʹ
˫Ѫ⣬һںݺݵҧҶεĲ
ҶβԽزҽһһزסѾ൱Ѳˣôһҧסֱʹൽ˼㡣
Яһ׹⣬ϵغҶε壬ƤӾѪܣͷž׹ֱһը
Ҷƺϣҧҧ뵽˴УѪֱ
ԣƻȻҪ᣿ҶȻоϸ΢Ŀģһ
ҶѾʲôĿǰΪֹɻڱСҶѾоĳЩλƶҪָ鶯ٻҪһʱ䡣
Ҷε˲ڲ鷨࣬˿̾ȻҲʼɢһ㣬ջҪҧһڡ
ҪԾȣͱҧһڣȻƾΨһĿǰԶ콫ˡϾǿһ壬׹ЩΣգɿա
Ƿʱһ飬ǼֱһϵĸԴǴ˿̣Ҷ֪÷ĿģҧһڣҶοֻҪҧһڣȻͻ뵽ĻþС
ǲҧһڣؽˣ꣬һй鵮
ѡ
Ҷֻԥһ£űһںݺݵҧϡ黯ѪҶԼȡͳ뵽ҶεĸС
ؼ䣬һ޴ĴЦ÷ĵ⡣
СӣȻҸ׼õʳö͸Һúõıݰɣ
Ҷ۾˫۾ȻһƬûаѪɱҶοϷЦ֪ĿģȻ˶Բߡߣ㲻Ϊûаվ͸ľѪɣ
ƬصУ÷ȻһȵҵľѪ棬˵ʲôѾͷˣ֪ǿɱ
÷ͷ·صһ㣬ؼ䣬Ҷȴ÷
Ǻǣ˵˶̴ˣ߳ŭˣҶε٩˵
֪ھ֮Ҿ֪ˣ㣬˵Ĵ磬ǹȻ츳зǷȴһȱ㡣
棬㲻ҪΪҵ˵Ҫ͵÷ŭȵ
ٺ٣ǵ㣬ǿĵطĵط򷨲֣Լȴܹ÷ϻ
ԽǧȻڴΪһҲδǿֻܹǧ
꣬ᱻƣĹȥǿ겻ڲϵؽͱʼЩСѪޣһͿ
÷ɫغȵߣԣ˵ˣˣߣĥһ𣿡
ҶЦЦĨɱǺǣԼĨɱҾͲţĨɱ㣡
ԦħҶκȵԦ죬ԦأԦħԦԼҶνԼ˵ħͷһԦ
ҶڣȻԼУȫ޼ɵ衣赲ģֱһ
ҶοѪ£ϰͿϡǹڱ˺ѣڱĨɱ
ֱǷӣӣ÷סˣؼܻ˳ŭš
Ҫճ
ҶΰٰƾΪ˵һ⣬ܵҪܵˣ÷Ҷֻܹرʱĥ
ΪսҶѾóһ⣬֮ȴڽ÷סˡ
ڴԦħĿ£֮ܵĴ߻Уڽںһң㡣
÷ڷ⣬ܵҶε֮ܣڲϵؽȴķ÷ȴŭ𣬲ϵѪĥѪҪ깴
÷ټˣҶѾһѪ⣬ȴ÷ЦЦһ
÷ҽУ
һҶԱˡ飬һ÷屬ըһ˲䣬ش䣬ٴθֳһЩʯ
ָкȻһҶε
һѪκȻʯУѪοʼڣһǼԡѪҶεԴ֫ʼ֣ʱҶ³ƬС


1624 
һʯٴγУҶѾһΣҲˡʯȴһ󣬸ܵѾȫҶһʯС
ŽҶξ͸ܵһֲ֮ҪصȻǳ
Ҷ֪ǰλеĴˣ
Ȼܹ˰ΪˣƣҪ˲١
Ҷһͬʱݺһȭ˹ȥǽâȭ
Ҷθоȭͷһϣâ̫ʢǺһ֣ǼӲ˼㡣
죡
ҶѾˣɻǲϵܵеĹѾϡ
ҲǱ࣬ҪӵĴָҶѾ˲֪ٻˡ

֮֮ܣϯأ
׵âҶһʱֻܹҷģ
ʯڣһ⻪˸죬ХϣʯһըҶνһߣһ󣬴ָʩչָơ
һӣڹâųȥʯָģֻʣĹԡ
СӣȻЩ£ܹУһײһ
ҶаһﲻǽİɣôôӲ
ҵĵңΣȵһӽˣ쳹Ҷζߡ
Ҷæܣһһ޴ȭͷϡâ˲ɣȫصûа˺
һ˲䣬ĹâҶҲڿλǧ۷Ӵ÷鶯ȴ
ĸоͲ˺ܶ࣬Ȼֻ߰꺢һĴСݣһֻݺһ
ʵֲӣ˵ӣˣòֲ˼㣬ҹ棬ʤƹ
ѹһƬѹһУԭԼҲ֪ûˡ
Ӵ˹֣㵽ʲô̫ˣĺãаɣǷǳȷľ
Ҷβϲ˵˶̵ˣĳ£ܹ̼ͻô
ȻҶεĵ٩ķŭһɳƣĦܶġ
ȵˮע
ҶζȻоܵĿʼ𵴣Ȼ󽥽رʵؾȻˮһ㲨
ҶߵȴǸоһǷˮһѹȸкС
ٶȴ󽵣ʮɹٶȴ֮ǰһɡ
ߣ㲻Ǻܹܵ𣬽ҵǿ㻹Ҫܣȵٴη˹зУȻ˿Ӱ졣
Ҷ֪ܲҲܣһ𣺡֮мܣϯأ
쫷Ҷεָгȥ쫷Х絶Ҷָһ㣬˲ٴλû
ܻһŷ絶Ϯȥ
һߣȵ
һǽ𣬵ǰһиǽϣ۵ҳĽо
ˮעҶһǺ滹нľͷͻɣ
˿̣ҶθоԽˣƶļѣҪԭˡ
Сӣҵ޵Уƾ㣬ߣֻڷ֮䡣еվԶվ
Դ
ͻȻ䣬ʯΪ˻磬һȵĸо˳Ҷεӿ˽
ҶҲĸ֣һͬƷǷҶθоĵΪԴķǿ󣬲ڻҾյıʶԣҶθоЩʱ򣬾ȻЩη塣
Щ澹Ȼܹꣿ
֮֮ܣϯ£Ҷæٴμ֮ؼ쫷类ҶָܻƳһȦӣ𺣱ƿ
Ц֮ǰĽҪ
ΪҪұȷߣúüʶһ°ɣ
ľ
һȣһľзɳ˲ƴҶε쫷м䡣
Ҷڣ죬طֹЪ쫷ΧɵķȦ˲𡣻˽ľ𣬾ȻȼǼӾ˻ơ
ҶηΪ쫷Ȧ֮˿̱ȫסˡɢ߲âءҶΰһԷ٣Լˡ
ͬˮһ˹һ˲ѾҶεϡƤϣ˲ѪѪȴҲֻ˲䣬һ̾ͱ
ԶԻ𹥻
Ҷһһֱ棬ȴԼҲһ棬֮棬ףһ档


1625 ת
ȻǿƣǶȻ֮ǿ
֮棡Ҷŭһȫĵصһ˿档˿УͲɲ飬ҪһεΣҶζ֪ڻһ˿档
Ҷε嶸ȻܵĻ𺣻Ҫͷ·Ⱥ貣Ϊҫ۵Ļ̫
һâҶεͷ·ǻ֮ܵĻͬһʱȻ󳷣ӣ
Ŷʲô棿ǰɣȻ֮棡ȵ𾪣ȴǾϲ
ͬˮһкΪ֧֮棬ҶʱҲ˲ñˡ
ҶŭܵĻٴ麣һҶ˹
ҶεĶ˲ĸ֪ɲضҶΣȵ÷ߣܹȡЩҲδܹ֧켸Σ
ҶȻһ˿Уֱǰһӣϱһն
ؼڴʧȥɫֻʣһɫâ˸ûҫ۵ĹâܵĹߣ˵ҪͶȥ
һǧޣ飡
˫۾û뵽һУԽһУԽ˿ռ䣬ʱ䣬ųһȴѾǰ
һ˲䣬ԺоȻûһ˿·Ͼ
ֱ£屻նϳΪأ˼ԭһǧޣ飡
ҶˤڵϣҲˮڴڵشŴжѵõĽңҪ֮ͻȻ֣ҪʱʧУһȻ𲻵Ч
һָʩչԼϣҶޱڴؿܣȴûа仯ʯŲ֣ɡ
ǣ
ء
һ˻·ӵһ㣬¶һԭأһ˴˳Ȼ
㣡ҶޱȾȣ˲ȻӵеľȻֱǶ컯֮
ѹֺ߻ᱻȦ챾죬Ҳȷܴؼ䡣
棬㾹ȻɱңҷŭˣҪɱ㣬Ҳɱ㡣Ҫݺݵĥ㣬
һɱ
˲һɫһӿ˽ɫȻȻһף߸ȫ
ɱȵ̧һָһ˳ǹֱ̽УͦǹҶδ
ǹĮǹ죬ɼƾǹɱʵ١
ɱǳˮһһ˽һˣһһǹδִɱѾѡ
ҶˣĽǹһöҶ˦Ʈ
һҶȴҶ͵Ϯһʹ
ʱҶѾˣǶȻʹġɱǿػ
ҪŽɱδȫסٴɱϼΡǾĻܹĻҶҲֻܹܹ޲
һҶ
Ҷɹڵϵʱζ価
һҽУԴûбװҶνǺķѪԴһСԶǧ۷ǿ󣬵ʱԴһ
棡
һӺڰзڶӺڶ˳һһȴľһâȭ
һȭκεͷҶҲûа취κķѱԴʱҲʹòЩɱУֻܹƾƵУ
ҶεͬǿƥٲڵûбסâȭںǿѾʼԴһǿޱȡ
ȻδһҶϱǰǿƣҲҶεһɱС
âȭϣ߲ҽһƬ
˵Ҳȷùʵԣޱǿǧ۷˵ܹŰһˣֺҶξٵǧ۷˵Ĳ
ƾĽɱǧ۷ٶȣϮɱǧٴζֹ״̬£ǧ۷Ͳܹķ
Űɱķݡ
һｵһ֮ĳ֣ȫŤת˾ơ˲գҶһλսɱҲجεĿʼ
УһҽУ
һɫ㣬ٴδи֣һεش˳ҶкЦץߵȷǿޱȣȴܹ
˵߲ܹһͻһɥȻܹ޸ڸ֮ȴǽһжصԶ㡣
½ʵǿ֮ǰһʵڡֻҪץסʱ䣬ܹ޸Σ³ҲǱ޵ְף
Ҫɱ㣬Ҫɱ㣡ͣغţȻôһ仰űҶδߣȴһι


1626 ɹ뿪
Ҷνʯϣÿγֵλ·ֻҪһ֣
ѵǸͿһ㣬ԣԸѡҲԸҽҳ
ϾǲģֻҪȵʱȥˣȻȡʤ
Ҫװˣ֪ڵȴʱĹȥҶκȵ
ھֹľɫҲʧЦӯӯؿҶΣߣ㻹еӣ໹аʱ䣬Ҫˣ
֮ǰһ㡣
вãҷǲ֮Ͳ£ں˵
ҶһȻ˵ҿ㲻ӵв֮ЩҿͲ
һһڱץס˵
ռҸ˵ҲǸռӵҶεע񡣺ߺһܿˡ
ÿһΣĸռʱķͻήһЩΪʲôѲǸռȡķ
ȻˣҲͬηǸռ䣬ÿһβŻȲǱһһεظҲҪΪа㱾ԴԴĶ
ȻֺαҪأȴȻʱĹȥ𣿡ҶЦԽ˵Խоȷġ
ʵ˵һоһƭϱûпˣĿֻܹһ⣬Ǿ١
ɫ׵رˣͺܺڵɫʱӵĺˣһ˿˿Ļ̿֡
Сӣ·Ҷһƽˡ
ǲҲһֻҪǸռʱ㹻ôǱɡ
ٴδӽ˳ҶοоȻһ˿⡣
Ҷһѽ߸ץסˣһˣҰɣ㲻ͣشҲϰˡ
Ҷֱ۸߾ڿУٴ񣬹Ȼٴ¶һ˿Ϸʣͷ·͵ʲôһϲ
Ҷκεȴ˲ˡȻƵʱĲ㣬ôͣɱȥûб𣬶ҶȴǱˡ
Ҷλֽˣһ㶣ȵô£תۼˣЦŶҪҺķѷǰɣȻ뵽ռУ죬ʡȴһЩʱ԰ɣ
ٺ٣ɣҽô򣬾ôҾǲˡ
ȻˣҶҲЩǺӣԸҲ࣬Ȼ
˵ҲȷǺ߲֣˲һѣǲ֣ȴʱȥǡ
ߺߣΪľûа취𣿡Ҷε¶һĨЦ˳
ҶôһЦȻе㱻ҶƵ˵ĸо⼸ĲЦ̫Ļˡ
ҲǸӦҶôǧ۷Ͷ÷ģ˵õĸǻۣʵȻҶεʵǿȻҲûǸλֵܡ
Ц֣Ѳ֮ǰһУҶζ
㵽Ҫʲô㣬㣬ڸʲô
ҶκȵƷһӯ⣬˳ҶεֱӿĻУâѸٵؽ˻𣬾Ȼ忪Ҷµıտڷӡ
Ĳҽ
âȥ峹׵ؿ֮ǰȻСǾĸͷ㣬ȴǾ׳ʱȫƤͷˡ
һ˫۾ݣѾû˶ٹâ䶯촽ҪáһȴѾŲƤӡ
Ҷһ䣬ر۾屻ƬҶεȴһǵĽȴûٸ֡
Ҷٴεȴһ󣬽ɫȴûи֡ҶɻΪ뿪ʯҲͬûг֡
Ѳɳʲôʣݼޱȸ߳ƭҶβһ㣬ѾӾֻżƺƮһ
Ҷٴһÿÿؼʱ̣ܹȷѡ񣬾ֱ
Ҷһ뵽һ㣬û˭ɱͱʯţ뿪ﱾû·Ҫһ·
һȦһȦĻҶεߺХһ˲䣬ʯâ˸Ҷ岻Խڿնʶƺʲô˲һ㣬ȴʵʣûжɰ˺
Ҷ֪ڻˡ


1627 ת
ĻУҶܹϢһˣƵʥҶ㲵ĸо
Χľ¿ʼһ仯ˣҶ֪ǾתÿһƽӦóֵһǳҶεҰУأҶΧһȥӴĲһ㸡ֳ
֮УһӡӰڲ֮СĬĬעҶΣ˸Ÿӵɫ
û뵽ҵľת쵱УȻܹߵΪһĴڣӦܹ׾Ͱ˳õû뵽Ȼһ·Ŀİܹлҡ
ӡָָֻ߸ϣݽһ̬ƺҶҶһϵҡ
ҶԵһº˵һٵɣ˵ΪˣһУΪԼʵ˸˶һǿƽϣܹ޵ģأȴȫΪԼһ֮˽
ӡˣ粻ĿҲԽԽᶨˣҶΣ㻹Ǹͷ֮
ҶĿӡһ˵ѾΪʲôĳ޶ɱ¾ˡһʵֺͽ⣬Ҳûлҽ崫еĴҲʵֲ룬Ϊ룬ĳޣͿˡ
ӡ¶ɭЦݣתת֮ޣ
ӡĴ𣬾׵Ĳ̲˱仯ԭȥֹǳȻһһЩǳһûӡһӰӡܱվš
ҶΣתеתеľľ裬ڴУڲǰǶôСΪңȴǿԼԦĲ񷣡㿴Ԧ޾Ƕɡ
ӡгϵϣû֮ǰĶԻ˽⣬ҶĻᱻԷϵ壬ڣӡһоϷҶޱᷳ
ӡ󣬲ˣķºг棬κθսĴڣؽܵĳͷҶԴ˵
ӡЦȥʿðôİɣǣ
ͼӡһ֣һӡӰϷգӡӰ˫ֲϼᷨӡȻ䣬ӰӻһŴ۵İɫţâȻըһ䣬ڱĹâУǴзɽ
ҶεУЩǳʼʱֻȭͷСڷԼʱȴǲϱǵ˸âХԼҹ
ÿһǣЯʸжҶЩļµĸоҶε㹻ǿȴż޵ģԲһɽĳԲһ˶һǳҶεôǿᣬҲҪƬ
ҶʹóղղĲҹǡǣǲûмٵƣҵǸԽԽҶβʱ򣬸ҶδѹȵĸоԽԽǿ
Ȼ䣬һ˶ޱȶ˹ղҪȴٽҶߵʱȴȻɢĸ壬ڰлһߣҶΡ
ҶδʧɫϽȴ㿪˺ǵĹȴǱͷµǸҸš
һ죬Ҷξ͸оԼÿһϸܵ˳ﵽⶼоһʶҲĳǱһ
һ£ҶεķӦ˰ģǣһһݺҵҶεϡ
ǣ
ҶѾˣٽţͲڶˡܿ죬ûˣȡ֮һⱻ
ҶεʶһʱЩãôˣ̽ԼʱҶκȻ֣ԼѾ࣡
еһжһˣ޴ЯĶܣڳҶʱȻûȫҶεϣֻҪһ㹻ˣΪǴĳʵ̫ˣǲͣЪĳ
еĳڼѾΪ壬ܽϵĴѵһоô
Уһ˫۾ҶεʶУ˫۾˼ᶨһʶҶεʶС
ҶΣסеģĳŵҪ廯ޣҪѵȺƽͰ
ǰӣ¸ҵսʿȥˣһʶȻںԼ룡Ӣ鲻Ҷѵʱ򣬸Ҷδ˹
ָҶδӰӵʶл˴̼ȻģѹϲٿʶԼʹ˻ֶָΡ
ӲӵĹâ˲סҶαһĲ˲ͻָһɺصĵâһӯİâŴΧҶβת


1628 
صĺâӯİâ໥ƣ໥׷ۿٶԽԽ죬γһţɽҶε
ҶߵĲǣââ໥ƵһߣҶΧǳһǿеȫ޷ҵҶΡ
⣬⡭ô£ӡҲǰĸˣ񰡣Уôܵ෨һĸأ
Ȼӡϳ˼ȼʵ飺ҶΣû뵽ĴȻᱻҵǸںϵĵزˣ治֪ǲʲôʺˣȻõ
ӿ뵽ҶεʱоԼ·ǺڰеȻһȻˣеһУڷһѸٷǣڰûйȴ籾Ϸ賤ײµ
ҶΣǶᶥĤݵıǾɵսʿȺǹ»ûڱ߳Ϳܲˣ
ҶοûʱӡˣĿֲҶζҶλûͱʲôӴ͸оΧĿռѾ˱仯ڱΧеĿռȫǵŤˡ
̫ˣֻгŻǿȻı֣Ǽֱ컯
ȻڶһȻҶƽһȭһȭʵ̫ƽ̫ͨˣһûоκѵͨ˴һȭһ
ûĿĹâûкХķֻƽž޲һȭȻƽһȭ֮£ҶεӶʱԲˣΪȭͷĵطһȦȦֲĿռƸ֡
ҶοЩռƺΣǵĿռѵ
ĿռѣŶȭͷһֱӹֱҶεؿλáռѵҶΧʱҶΧĿռ伸ȫĹѷ졣
һȭ֮컯֮
ҶѾȫռѸסҪҲˣۿŶķȭͷನȴ޿赲ԼҶһҧܣһȭӭȥ
ǣȭͷϣûκεۿӵĶ̺ľ͵ĹͷȴҶθоʲôʵ
Ҷξ͸оԼӻӳȭͷʼֹǣǣǰۣ磬ٵȫɿͷ£۶ϣ
ө֮ҲԣǳĴڣǵÿһȭǿĳҲͨϵƣһȭζô壬ǿǰ㲻ϣӡ޼ɵҶΡ
ҶλһӴҶ֪컯֮컯ǰǶôС
Ƿһܹһ˴·˺м֮
һ˲ˣ
ûκεĵֿҶ˲ӿһĸоⲻҲǺ£ûڴȻΰǰ˭ֱܹͦԼأ
ָҶΰԼʶѹ˼㣬Ȼŷһ˲䣬ҶӲӽ⣬ڽ֮УҶ͵վֱ壡
ƺǱҶε͸һ£ǻŵתҶεԺУ˱ǵı仯ͼ档
ȻаȻ֮϶ɵģǣҲȫοǱأܣĹ۲оҵ˱ǵȱڣһУҶεԺ֮С
ԱΪıȻûʵıǿҶץס˶Ͷ֮νӴı֮ղһδδҲǱﲻĵط
ʲôôܹ֪ı֮ܵģҶΣһɵĶԲԣڱУֻѣ㣬ôܣⲻܣѵѵѵ񷣿
ӡĿ𾪣ţٵŭӡ
ҶˣΪʲôܹھתתռݾԵλˡԭԼõıѪһǸȺеĲ֮ءֻ˽ܹΪȺ˲ܹĴС
˼ǣӡ󣬾ȻûлĴУ
Ҷû˵ȴǶӡһζЦݡתͷȥҶνűһֱִĳҶΣǣҶѾеˡ
֮棡׵ģҶεܣڵ֮յһλһȭ˳ȥ


1629 ӱŰ
ĹӡϣĹֱǲ·ҶεĹһξ룬Ҷʲôأ
һŰ׵ĹâҶεұмҶֱۻķϣһӰĻٿ
һĿռȻضˣ֮棬Ȼ֮Ч
ſռĶѣӡһ鷢ˣĶĸͶȻ˴˼˾룬ձеı뿪ˡ
ΪǣⱱȻڷ뿪ʱнԶ˴˼ľԽԽʵķȥһתۣȻʧˣ
ӡӲ⣬⡭ô£ⲻܰûܵʲô˺ôأ
ҶЦһܵ壬ǰոԱ˴˼Ŀռ䳡еģһ˴˼ĳ˴쳣ǳƽͻᱻƣ໥Զ룬˭Ҳ޷ֹ顣
ӡʱɫף޺޵ǰϻ쵰Ȼû񷴫ңðͽͷһϻ쵰
Ҷκһ˵ʵǲʵǣҲǲɷϵġհӵı֣ûĻӦ÷˳ޣôˣ
¡¡ΧĿռΪȥ˾ҵĶһռƬΧҷɡ
ߣתѾƵת֪תһתʲôģӡ󣬸ϿֳҼʶһ°ɡ
ҶνһĻӡ󼸺ס
ҶΣΪ˾תǰתΪʣµһתûʲôˣҪΪĸ۵ģתת֮ӱŰ
ӡ󼸺һĺҶκӡΧĿռȻ˾ҵĿռ䶶һɹ쫷һĿռ䲨Χӿš
еǳγ˼ϵۣϵҶεΧ˳
ӡһǴĳһ֣ҶΣ㲻ǻĴôܹе仯ܹôڱŰϵ£һϵҲҪУ㻹ıŰ֮ô
ҶܵϵŰĿֲڴǰʱҶʶĩһĿֲѣ̺Ȼ֮Ȼһ޿κεԿܵĸо
ʲôɽɽѣ콵ʯеתϵǰֱһϸһ˶֮ĶԱһ
ӡͷųϵǰϵʽͷųġһ˶ϵǳɵۣ糵һת·Ҫеһȫɨ촷һ
ҶѸٸԺеһ£ӵĹ۲о治٣ҶεķУҲܹа취ӦԣǣҶҪԵʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ĳ߶нɲյнһΪǳǳܹʱյŤܹһЩڸʸ屾С
ӵۣԽΧٶȾԽ죬ЯĶҲԽ󣬶ҴΧ޷ƽӵġ
ȥٶȹȻǽˣȴ̫࣬ĿռֱǴ쳣㲻þͻʧҵĿռС
ҶΣǿŵȷʵǶо͸Ǿ仰ھԵʵǰа취ô̾ô
ҶθоӵٶԼӿˣÿһۣǿĳȺټٶȣ˵ˣһɨ̼ʣ°
ҪƽӱŰֻһ㣬Ǿӵġĳ޿ĳֻҪ۶ΧƵƻˣôӾͻղŵıһ˲ͱ
ӡֿӣҶһҧӿɽӵС
ҶνӣȻԲг۳ֵλãѡλ֮Ŀ϶شҶθոս뵽϶شҵҶεҡҡڰڣ޷ѳסԼ塣
Ҷαҵ˲Ƶ۵ĸҶεǰһǳľ޴ۣѹһеƣݺԼײ
ղҶΰԼȫȫóȫղϣԼٶҪܿ۵ĳ
ǰһжԵôСʱԼһȲϡ
ҶεٶѾ˼ޣҶζоʱ޷ǣ۵ĳ߶̫ˣҶƴУ޷ѹĲ档
ۿų۵۳Ҷεһθовһʲôζ


1630 
Ҷθе޲ߵʱȻ䣬ҶεԺиֳһϵͼңϵͼϣһߡ
Ҷΰ񷸡ֳ·ߣһ·۵ȴоսӽӵġڲõǹУλȴǳһ˶ĺڰӾࡣ
Ӧһޱȵĺڶе۶ΧתģϵֲƽĹؼڵ㣡
ҪȥƻֱһЦ˵Ҷˣӡ󣬿°ԼȥҲδؾƻ
Ψһİ취ϵȫ䵽ڶСҶĩպڶ龰ڣӦðڶƽڶڶܹǿϵȫɵˡ
Ҷοɲҽӽڶһ뵽Ӿ뾶ԼҪɵˡҶѡһܰȫľ룬׼һ˳еĹ켣źڶԷеߣ־ȫ˳ȥ
й켣Ϸ˸ı䣬źڶľԽԽȻ飬ŷѤõĹʣһεߣ̻һɽ˺ڶ
ڶΪ˴򣬱ȻĿռ䷺ռ䲨΢Ҷεȴͬŭ֮Уʮɵһ
ĵĺڶˣΧЩԭڿֲƽ״̬ͱıˡԭӵеĻٶȣʹﲻںڶ֮Ļٶȣ״һȦȦڶ䣬ձڶɡ
ڿֲӣҶθоĵĺڶѾҪܱеһжҪɵˡҶβҵϽűڶķȥ
Ҷξ͸оΧʱ⵹һ㣬ٶѾ˼£ȴӰһ
ϵȫڶλ̮ȥźڶϱǣǿҲڳʼα
ִ߶ȵı£ҶεķѾѪˣȴʼ޷Ѻڶ׷ϡ
ȻҶεǰֳһˮһĹĻڹĻĺ棬ӡϣаЦݡ
ߣҶΣ㻹Ǹ̫ˣתӱŰ㶼ƽˣޱȾȰӱŰռζ㻹ǺúƷһ°ɣ뵽޾ĺڶУҲõĹˣ
ҶͷһݣϽĻײȥĻȻײ֮³һССİݣͰҶһײ֮ȫˣ
ûҶķӦҶζʱоԼȻԼˣһԿܵľ޴ڶķ£
ߣӡ󣬿ҪʧˣһУǸոտʼЦδ̫ˣ
Ҷ˵ţ˫۱ˣͼҶε嶸ȻҫǼʵĹâĹâ£Ѻڶڸסˡ
ǺǺǣҶΣѵҪԱôԱôͷһôΪԱͿ԰Ҳˣΰɣ
ӡδ䣬·һ£һ޺ۣϡ
ǿҶĿռ䣬Ȼľһʱ䣬綼ͣһ˲䣬޾õĹâм䣬һӰȻһ˸о˼ߡ
֮ڶǿжϣӡµĹĻһΪӡŵĿУϱһն塣
ûʹûκεĸоͺǱһ˿ᴥһһ
ȻӡȴԼĿռ侹Ȼ˿ֲľ죬Լ°һռ䣬ԼϰߵĿռ䣬֮侹Ȼڲ룡
ʲôôܣϵĴڣôأӡͲһжġ
䡭
ӡϵµӱŰѾȫںڶˣǸڶҲһˮɳ̲һʧˡ
ΧһƬգƬգգӡ󲻵ת쳹ױƣ嶼նΡ
ӡʱ䣬źͲʵɫҶΣΪôɱôǰôֻҪһ˿ߣҾͻ
ҶθоǱһƣǼŶӡЦûлˣڴʹ֮£ֻɡ
˵ţҶηһӡͬʱʹ˴ʹǴľڣһǰһ壬İ£ӡ廹ȫҶյˡ
Ҷջ˴ʹȻƯһľ壬ҶδϲӦþ֮еˡ


1631 

ҶεĺüǳĻᰡ
м˸ƫƧĵطҶβ˵󣬽ΧĿռγһصĿռ䡣
ͳɢ͹âҶζţؾȻЩʧˡ
ʵ̫ˡɢĹâǴĺܣܵõǶôаôײУȻĴ
ʱҶεʦõ˹ڳ񣬺֮Ϣϸͨһ飬ְԼĵطӲ˼顣
أҶζ񣬾Ǹʲô˴˽⡣
񣬿ɲӵڵܹΪġҪ񻹱Ҫӵһ񣬲Լķ
֮ǰս֮ԼѣΪҶζԿǷЩڹ֮е޷ܡ
ˣǾͿʼɣҶһ
뵽Ҷεһ·»˸ε̾ߣ⻪
壬⻪ǽ뵽һұ״̬С
һ뿪жݵұڣñһЩˣϾ޵ģÿһΪ˶Ǿǧգһ
ҪЩϡͿľͱٻˣǻ˵ã
ҶҲżڵں壬ϵӦԼ̣ʦ˵ҲҪʮ꣬ϾΪûôߡ
ɾҶδһ־սʱͻ
ܵں巢˱仯ͬһֱ뵽֮УҾһƴȥ
ӣҶеɵˡҪһ£ȴԼʲô鶼ܹģҲǵ۾ţ˳㻹˵ϣĻ
ͬʱȻΣǧ㲻ãһΪ군ˡҶοɬѣԼ嶼޷ƣһʲôĻֻ
ЩԼ֮ǰ˷ռ䶼絹ǲ̫Ӱ졣ĳŲסĻͻһ̽ռ̮ȥ֮Уôôɡ
أ޸ڣͺá
ֻҪ簲ȫȶǾûʲôµˡ
̬ҶνԼ˵ؿ֮Ķ
ҲǳԴ׵ģһȵýܣڳƻļһȻ˳ܡ
һʱ䣬Ҷε嵱սš
ôΧ۹ҶκȻüͷһšڵսȻΧ˹ֳַɷֱ뵽˻ܵĴ֮С
أΪȼֲסˡ
û䣬ȥ϶Ϊǡ
֮£΢΢һ£ֱСһȦȻײֹͣôһ˲䡣
ʲôҶеɵˣղŶѾ̮ռ׼ˣƺȫˣ
¡
һҵҶε嶼ҪıըˣͻȻҶθоͨ˵屻ѹ·ôһ飬˼顣
ҶȥţСˣҲΪһţ񻺻תš
ͻȻͬһըը΢ƽһµı
һεıӿֲ
¡
ڣһî˾ײ֮ҶεҲܲסֱ˷ĩȻֱһסҶε꣬һԹۡ
ôһΡҶοЦţ˵ʵѾϰˡ
֮ĽҲ뵽˰Ȼ֮У˭һ˭ҪѶԷɵ
úҶξȵķĲƺ˲٣ϸһƣĵطµںϡ
ںϣںϣ
Ҹ̫죬ҶεЦݻûչ¶ͱĿĹ⻪ʧȥ˸֪
·޾ĺڰ֮ߣҶβ֪˶ʱ䣬Ȼǰһ
¡
ݺݵҶε꣬ů紺ĸ
ҶţȻӦʲô
һ֮£ҶɵЦˣģͬһ㡣

ǵȻ
ֻѾ˲Сı仯Ϻڰɫƣͬһ㻺תţǿƥͷš
ͷųһȫµҶܹ֮ܵܺͻԼӰӡ
ںˣܹںϣҶһʱЦã־޴ķеܲסˡ
һ̣ҶαԼ忪ʼ֣ԴȻǲӣɣ֫
Լоȷǲô
ɸҶ̧ϸţһ㵭ĹâţӨº紺
΢΢ƣһǿᵽһֵ㽫ռ䳹˺飬һ˶Ŀӡ
ҶθæְƽŷЦ޾֮·Ҷλˣ
¡¡
ʣһƼٻ۶ŨܵѹҶεͷϡ
Ҷһ㶣ɽ٣ˣҪɽ٣


1632 ǣ
¡¡
ҶεĻ׽ٷţڵĿռ䶼Ҫˡ
ߣǾɣҿʲô¡㰡˷ʱ䡣
Ҷλ֪жôǿ׽ˮˡ
꣡꣡¡
һֱִɫ׵Ҷεĺš
Ҷαﻹе㵣Ļܲסһ΢ֵһ£׽ٵΡ
ǰɣȻôСҶеԾԼ˫ֿ֣ŨܵҪơ
Ҷ̹ػһӣоһȫĦһˬĺţ
ˣҶκȻЩЦ֮ǰõ׼ȫûʲôô
ûм˺һǳ壬ȻųΪԹߣ۾š
ϡͿĳΪ˱һҪǿĴڣﶼ˵ͨҶȴǺٺһЦĸ֣޳
ΧĲȫʰҶһѾĻʳ֮ϡ
ʳǷޱȣͻȻôһˣĸĿϢǿ졣
ʳ˲ͻһǿգȴǲҶ֡
ɵ㡣ҶҲˣЦǺǵؽ⻪ȥ¶ԼĿ
ҪӦôϾҪ뿪ˡ
ҶθоԼֻʱˣһǿ֣ԤƵٶȣСʱ֮뿪ɾ޴Ӱ졣

ˣ

һҶе㲻ˬ
ʱð˳ɤӺʲôҶȻ񣡡

һƵչˡ
ҶγһۣȻһﻹȻ֪Լǻˡ
ܿ죬ǿϢ۶
ڵĸ־ڹҵĸ֣ȻԵĸ֣ĸ֣
̶̵һյ蹦ڣиֶǸͷų޷Ϣˡ
ҶҲûк󻼣㽫Ϣͷų˶иס
˽£ٸֶ۷׷ףҶչֳϢԵıǸҪࡣڼҶǽնɱ֮󣬲ųΪģս֮ǿǲö˵ˡ
ݼ񣡡
ݼ񣡡

֪˭ȿ˿ڣһ
Ҷһ£ֹеź˵Ȼ񣬽Ҫ뿪ˡ
˶޷̫ʱģûкô
֮ǰɱ¾ЩΡΪĳξðԸеЩʱϴˢϣλΪĹͬٲŬ干ͬǰƽ
Ҷӵ˵ҪĻὫЩл뷨˵뷨顣
ȻҪ뿪ˣ˵սǱή񷣣֮أҲܵǣϣǺΪ֮ϣףƽһеĸ
úŬɣǣ𽫻Ϊǿٳõδ
˵꣬Ҷһǿ綼ڡÿһеĸ࣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
вĲʹ޲彡Ĵϻ۸ӣгɵĻȻʡ
ͬŬɣôһ仰ҶεӰʧڰգ䵽˻ʹ֮С
İŵ򵥶ˣһԸ֮Ҷ׿ᣬϵķڿնȥ
ĺͲ鶼ˣѾʣµҪԼˡ
һվҶλصǡ
е˶ڵȴĵһĨ⻪ֵʱ˱
֮񣡡
֮񣡡

ҵͬǣҶҪˡ
Ҷγ˵аزᣬļӶûˡ
ܻЩսӣ޷Щ˵ֵܽáҶܹΪǲɺӵĴڣ
ҵʱ䲻ˣڽҪзչ׳Ӳ·ȥֻǿˣû˸۸ǣ
ĸѾָŸõķнţò˶ʱ䣬ĻԻͣᴴһµ۷壡
ЩѪľ飬ĻȱȰƽŬɣҵͬǣ
һ䣬糱þá
ҶؿһЩϤףЦݲã˵ֵǣǣ
¡
ϿУһŻȻ֣ǿٻҶε뿪
һ̣Ҷת뿪ɾһبŵĴ˵


1633 ֣
磡
ˣ
ҶεĽŲ䵽ϣӴԣ֮⣬û̫磬ѡ
Ż£ҶɨһܣȻĸо
Ǹоǵʱһİһ˷ܣһֶĿ
ˡ
ģƵƺԴͷɵҶ̧ͷʱȴʲôûз֡
һ̣ϢǿĹâ˷
ôࣿҶüͷһѾЩڣȫ
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