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ħηֱ棿ƣǶ嵨ҸΣ
˻ģ䣬ҫݣɽ档
ƾгɨ²ƽʳ֣һоڡ߱졣


һ ˻


1 ҶҶ
۹˻ĳǣ֮һҶҵһԺլԺڣһݲ԰׵꣬ڴϡ
۾ΧĻг𾪣һĲš
ң𣿡Ǹϸһ£Ȼ´һͭǰ档
ֻǾ棬һʮ꣬üĿ㣬Լòͬ
ȻԺһϢһеһС
ΪҶǡɸԼͬǰ˻ĳ֮һҶҵ
ǰУֺѾһϢ͵ոȥʱԭȥԼ֪ʲôǣȻʬˡ
žв԰׵ףӰ˼ҶڽѪʵԼȻԽˡ
ô˵žͺãֻһε˲֪Ƕô
Ŀоһ£ǳûӰҶõ飬ȻˣҪúϧһС
ƿţһµĿӭҶﻺ߳䣬һθİ硣
ͤ¥¥̨С鿣СˮȥԺĻݷҷˮ壬˵Ǹ羰ĺõط
ǺǣԽǮ˼ҰҲһѸĸоˣ
Ҷһǰȥһ·žɫ֪䱻һ
ҶѰȥʱ򣬷ǰһԲ䳡ϱ߷ֹ˸ߣʮȻѵš
Ůһ󲿷ֶʮͣӺѵš
еıشϰٽʯףеıϷžʯԳţѵвʱش֮ǳơ
ЩŮӣһЩδеԹ裬ۻҡ
Ҷ￴ǰһУɵһп࣬ļ䣬òҶﲻϰ䣬ĻҪԴ
Ҷ˼䣬ڳѵ꣬ȻҶĳ֣ܶ˶¶һĵ顣
һȻҲ˼ܿƵġһ곰
˼ҵǱΪҶҵһأ굤ѣ죬ɲҪ˵һ
ޣƨţ죬ʮˣ죬ҶȻǸķҶҸߣҪԼˣʡóۡǸ޺޵ص
Ǹ˵죬ΪĻ硪ڵһֳƺ
ϰǣڣγһֲ˼
Ҳڣһ죬ԲͻƱϣΪõһʱ䣬ɾΪһߡ
ڳǣΪѾﵽľ磬Ҷ̫߳࣬ʶʮֿ
Щ䳰ȷҶаȻ˵ĵطннĵطз
Ҹ磬ҪۣܰǼ˵ĳ˵ע⣬ЩŮӣҲŵĿгͬ顣
ҶǰҲǶʮˣ̫ĿûаЩСƨĻϣ˼ҶԼתҪ뿪䳡
ȻһӰסҶ
Ҷ˵Ȼֻˣ󰡡һĽ˶꣬Ȼ˹סҶĽŲ
ͨҶļ䣬֪һҶأΪﵽľ磬ƽʱ;۸
Ҷб۾Ƴһۣû˵סȥ·Ҫƿ
ȻҶһ֣סЦôưˣ˵ˣ
ҶһŭСôôٵˣҪȥ
л˵ƨͷšҶһѵû˵ù·
ҶҶĻʱһŭҶҸ㣬峤ĶӣҲǷһ˵͸ҷŸɾ㣡
ߵĳͻʱŮע⣬׷ֹͣǿ
Ҷǰһˣǹֵ궼ˣᱻСƨסֱӸһףȥ
쵰
ҶرӣʱŭһȭҶıĺȥ
һȭдȻź죬Ҷһ񶷼ܣһܹ
弫Ϊ˥ǰûȣȻܿȭͷɱȭײһ
ҶﲻһǿһȭѾҶ⡣
ҶȻܹԼһҶظǷŭڶȭͷ˿ҶܵĻᡣ
ǻǰǳȭŹԼ·߶մϣϧ⸱壬̫ˣܡ
ۼڶȭҶ˫صӲһ
飡
һ졣
ҶʱһɾϮ˫һ۶һʹؿͬʯС
ۣ
һһѪҶͬغ«һ㣬ֱԶͣΡ
ɢһ㣬ԶһҶأֿһԶϵĵĮŮĿеͬ顣
Ҷ˫һУһεɱҶ֣ҶǷͷ
ҶرҶһʱ׹ѣ·𱻺޶һ㣬ͷһ¶
ҶǰɣһȭҼסˡҶҶصͷϵĻҳԶȥ
˿ҶıӰȻôиоǸӰǰЩͬˡ
Ҷصǳĳأ״ǳĲֹۣȥǰ취
Ѱ˼䣬ͻȻƿһĿ࣬ݸӣ˽ԭݼҶº
ûˣ
ҶͷһůͬʱԺг˹ǰ˵Ļ棬˾ҶĸסҶ졣
ҶûԼĸףӡиףݹŰĸףȴǳ簮Ϊķ˼ɸı䲻
ѾûˣײعһҶЦ
ҶЦݣҶһ㶵нʮûЦˣû°ɣ
ԭҶԴ꿪ʼΪͣͲǰڱˣľͿʼԱҶķҶľ졣
Ҷҡҡͷ飬һͻȻ࣬Ҫˣ
Ҷ˵ͷȻɫһ࣬гɱӣҵ˭ں㣿
Ҷһ£ҡͷ鸸ǲҪ׷ˣ˵
Ϊʲô˲µ죬ǴϸϵһҶȥģǸҶҲˣºͳˣҪ£֪Щʲô˵Ҷһĵ
ҶﻹҡҡͷͷЩʹʲôҲ벻ǲҪˣ
ҶҶ˵̾һӣȻѾˣҶӣ˭Ҫ˺㣬ҾǻȥҲᱣģ
ҶͷһůһǸ¶һȻһԼĸס
˺ԼôһҪֱУҪôԵ塣
Ҷ뿪ҶոհѷŹϣȻԴ䡱һ죬ʶһƬޱ޼ʵĺ֮С
Ҷд󺧣̧ͷһʱô£


2 
ҶƬеʱһ޽׽ɵˡ
ǰѾ޽ߴʮɣֱں֮ϣҶ𾪵ǣĽⲿǶϵġ
Ҷ￴һĻɵûһΪϳѶϽԼǰŵǰѶϽ
ҶǰʱһλΪľ٣жùھͷΣ񶷼ܴδ֡
νӵһָǰȥѺһ³ضϽѺ͹Уѩ֮ҶﱧŶϽѩ£ٴѹʱ򣬾Ѿ硣
ʱϽĳ֣ҶԺиţѽʲôôԼ
ֱľ޽Ȼͨһһ͸Ĺ壬ƮҶҶǰͣס
ҶЩԣһ룬СĽǸš
ָŵһ̣ҶʱеԴͬҪѿһ㣬һӴϢҶԺС

ҶҲͷʹʹһʱ䣬ҶԺֶһЩ
ͨϸжҶ֪ԺеĶԭһƪΪ¾
Ҷǰȫһһе磬ϰ䣬ԪΪãγһΪ֪ĳżΪȷеȼߡʿʦ佫ʡ
Ϊõķ֮ΪΪӳǿ󹥻ļΪս۹սΪ졢ءĸױÿױַ¼мϼȼ
½еĹһ̶ȣ֮ʱͿڵͻ
Ҷﲻ֪¾ʲôĹϱҲûнܣֻǼ¼˹ֺз
ǺҶļ幦ͬǣ¾ﵽ֮Ҫɱ¾ġ
ճûֻеʱ򣬾ٿ̿ٶҲ޷ֻɱԼͬȼϵĶ֣֮ܽס
ƪҶʱϲ֪ԼĴˣ⡶¾ûƿһ˵Ҳ˵ʲôԭԼΪͣͲǰǰһж¡
һѹԼ飬챻ҶһԼʶҪԡ
ûʹԼ峤ĶӣҪ˲ȵ£ΪĲпᡣ
ҶйأСĽǲԲֵģҶ㱻۸ҶҲû취롣
Լ鳹ƽҶڴϣ˫ְա¾Ͻ̵ķ˫ֻӡ
ǸӡγɣܱؼһĲһʯһ㣬ص
Լľͬɰٴһ㣬׷Լĵ
ҶĵڣѾһγɵţš¾ת𽥱
̳һʱǸ̳ӺȻһˡ
ǸŵѣڵӿҶľɱ纣ˮࡣ
ŵڵŵ࣬ҶľȻۿɼٶؿžؿҶڲͣصõǿÿһë׶̰غ
һӺеֻص˵ڣţ֮ǰ
Ҷﻺ۾ЩŵĿԼ˫֣ӿȵȫ˷֮ɫ

һȭӳǰϵҳ
Ȼǿ󣬸ոͻ죬ǿֱ󣡡

ҶǰһЩ񶷼ϰһ飬ǿˣٶҲ࣬пϲ
Ҷƿŵʱ򣬷ֲ֪䣬Ѿһ죬û뵽ƼͻƣȻķôʱ䣬զࡣ
࣡
ȻҶһҽУ˿Ѿӽʱǳ緹ʱҶﻺȥ
Ҷǰ˻ĳ֮һϳǵԼңǹżҲС¹ǧˣڶǾӪһð߷УԹ㷺ټҵⶼʮֺôӴ˿ڣȻ
һŮǣڶѾꤣţټһãһгһ㡣
ǵһɫ۵Ӱʱ򣬷õԽԽСüž
˵ĿⶼҶϣ˵ĿжŲмֻȼŮӣŴͬ鿴
Ҷֱֻ̾͵Ϊʲôô򵥵Ըôʵأ
ţ²ͣŷǰߣһʳȥϱ߶ѷ˸ʳҶһʳǷǳġ
ҶŲȡʳʱһЩг_
˹֪֮һӦõǳԺ治֪ΪʲôĳЩƤô񣡡
ǰձѪ컹ԣӶ˰ɣ
⵹пܣǰЩӲֱһȭɵ˰ɣ
һȺ޼ɵĳЦţҶŲ̵΢΢һһֻֽ߬Ҷ漴˿аһȺСƨƽϸʲôԵˡ
װûǼ˵ĳѰһû˵˵س
ʱЩЦҶǣ׷ײСҪǰԸͱˣôһųôĳ
ȻȺһݿݵ꣬ҶʹһɫҶضʱ˵ͷҶ
ҶȻŷȴͰһжУϰ¾Ҷ﷢ԼĶһʶԹ۲Χ
Ҷĸ֪ԲʮڵһУǸĶûӹҶĸ֪ɵһȻ棬ͺú档
ҶشֵߵҶǰ˫ֱأЦֻֻǳԲǴĽѵһΣ
ҶȡһĲ˲죬б۾ҶЦһ֪֪ᣬѵҪҴĹ𣿡

ҶһŭһȭҶ̫ѨȻҶ֣һ˲䲻Ůӷһ
Ҫ֪̫ѨҪѨкпеҶһ䣬ɱʱһȻԼء
ž
˾֮ʣҶһֻεץסҶصȭͷͬʱһȭͷصҶصıϡ
꣡
һĹҶصʱҶһȭֱײ˺üӣһز֭ʮǱ
ҶرɣҶа˷ܣ¾̫ǿˣԼոͻ˵죬ѾҶˡ
ʱȫһĳţΪﵽҶأȻΪҶһлܡ
ҶرɺһʱЩɣʱ򣬷˶Լʱһŭ˲ϵѪˮĶҶ
С֣ҡ
ž
ҶֻĻߣݺݵ˦ϣǿʱһ
ûӦҶһסͷͷ­ӭԼͦϥǡ
ۣ
һ죬ػöˣҶصڵϡ
Ҷʲôס֡Ⱥһ˳Ҷȵ
Ҷ￴һˣò֪ܲǴϵĵϵҶ㣬죬ǼصĶ
ղҶسԼ֮ǰ͵͵ҶһۣżԼġ
ҶȷҶسƣҶָʹ
û˵ֻЦſҶ㡣
Ҷ㱻Ҷ￴Щëɫ㲻֪ǽֹܵǵĳͷϽҶأ
Ŷýֹûѽ˭ҶˣҶЩʵҶػζ£һһ㡣
˵ûҶʲôҶغúõĸ죬Ҷˣ㻹ҽƱ硱Ҷ㱻ҶĻɫף
˺ЩأҶһյųչʾ˰һ棬񣬿˴ӹ﷢䡣
ǺǣҶô꣬Ҷҵļҹ涼ˡôҾ͸ɣûж䣬桱Цһ˹ĵ
˵˵ʲô棿쵰Ҷزע⣬͵ϮҪȻľ磬ôĶ֣̫ˣҲ°㸸׵⣿Ҷһ߱ĵĵ
Ǻǣұɣұɵָʹһˣȥ۸һֻߣ׳յģûô׳յġԼɵ£ȴҪƵϣƾҲҶޣҶöˡҶһѽҶڵϣһֻŲؿڣһ̵ϡ
쵰ôôˣ̫ҾͲҶ㡱˵꣬ҶҶＱ
ס֡һȣ˶ĤۣҶʱֹסΣҶҲĵİһӲ֮ڡ
һλʮҵߣŭݵĿһˡ
ĳϡǸߣҶӵȫ
ĳֻ΢һͷָŵѾԵҶصǸ˵˵ô£ڽֹǲ֪𣿡
ҶϽǰĳĳϣһжҶǵĻҶؼҶóԷˣ꺮ůû뵽Ȼ͵ϮҶزŻᱻˣ
ĳϻͷҶŭµ棿
ĳϵŭݣҶɵصǣҹ֮ǰ˵ʲô
Ҷ˵ʲôˣĳϵĿɨˣȴһĶҿ
˲ĳϸɴһָҶ㡰˵Ҷ˵ʲô
ҶҲû취ĳ϶ˣֻӲͷƤ˵ʱ˼ҵĿڽǣҶ֮һС֡
ϣҲˣԴѾصҵĸĸҶ峤Ҽǵһ·ϰɡ棬ӦûɡҶ̯̯֣εĵ
ĳȻû뵽ôأ棬·ߣҪġ
ҶǴһϵȽϿصôҲǲʵģҪ˵ȥ
ԥһµҶ㿴ɣҶҲǿڲԣʮӣѺɽ½աﶼͬѪûҪ̫ǰɣ
·ϵĴҶνĵͷȫƾĳϷԸǣֻĳϰҸЩ֮ˣ´ҪһֱҸģʱڵĻᶼûˣ
ҶɿڣĳҲһЦǿ϶ˣİɣ
ȻˣҶȸˡ˵Żĳһ񣬸ҪתȥͻȻĳѥϵһۼɫһ䣬ɱ˲˫ۡ


3 ͻ
Ҷ׼תȥĳ֮ʱ俴ĳѥϵһۼɫʱһ䡣
Ҷǰ󿴵Ļһѥӣѥһչĺۼûп˵ò˫ѥӡԺС
ĳϼҶǣһֱԭδ۾ĶԼѥӿɻʵôҶ㻹ʲô𣡡
ĳϵĻҶ˲佫еɱγɾ棬ת̾ĳϣ˫ѥӲ򵥰ûĻӦǶħ޵Ƥİɣ
ǺǣС۾ͦİǶħ޳ǵƤɵѥӣǰҸսʿʱ򣬺һɱһͷǣƤҿˣ빤˫ƤѥҲеֵɣ
ĳ˵ʮƽȴǰȻ֮ɫϾ˾ɱħޣһǳ˲顣
ħʵԶһͬߣͨɱħ޵߶ǰˣ߰˲ȡ˾͸ȥɱͬȼħ޵ǳ֮ټҲȷʵֵý
ĳϵ˾ɱħޣ̾ѣ׷׺ĴƤѥ
ʱҵ߶תĳϣҶҲ˸ղŵĲ죬ָĳϵѥɻϣѥϱôһƺ۰
ҶʳԼҪõ֤аһСԡװһɻĳϡ
ĳѥӴӽ£ָϱߵĺۼۼҵɱħµ˺ۣҵǻԵģԲܸɾ޴˺
ŶԭˣҶҲ֤ʵԼҪ֪Ĵ𰸣ĳϴкͳ˷ã֮˲ı䡣
ҶѾȷϣԼ˾ĳϣ˫ѥӸȫǺϣ˫ѥӵӵһֱĳϡ
ֻҶڻЩ벻ףǰҶֻһûκεͻʲôԭҪԼء
˵ΪȨ֮ǰҶһ޷֮ˣܼ̳м֮λȼҸλ󣬳ſ϶ѡµ峤Ҳ˵峤λӸҶëǮĹϵûС
˵Ϊ˲Ǿ͸ˣҶеӵĴһģҶ峤ĶҲûκŴͨӵõԴһġ
ûһֵñĶôĳɱԼĶأҶЩͷۡ
Ѳ벻ͨͲ룬ŬУʵҪġ
ҶûԤдĻ˿϶´жֻҪԼСģǻˡ
ļҶһֱڷǱÿ컹ճȥóԷֻǳԷʱǷ׷ױܿȴЩŮʼҶкˡ
ҶǰڷﱩҶص飬ѾҶңܱǿƣ񱩵ļ壬ìܵЩŮǣӾ
ԼкŮҶﶼǻòЦݣЩŮǾȵķ֣ԭ۵ҶҴүԭӢԼƽʱôûע⵽
ʱмŮߴߴզզΧҶһüпŮӣڼ֮ƯüӣڣĿɢ޹ŵ
ŮӣҶ诣ҶӦó㣬ֻı㣬ȫҶˣѪԵϵĲ࣬ö˶ǺҶġ
ҶǰôûôӺŰ
ǰǰӺˣŶ
ǣ쿪ʼǲʶأ
ЩҶһҡͷôоԼȺһ㣬ѵ˵ֻǿ׳ԣžǿô
֪νӻʱҶһЦǺǣǼѽͲҪΪҶʵҲǱƼˣǸҶҲ̫ˣںɽؽա
мؿһҶ诣Ц诱˽ңЩ̫ҲһʶġǲǲҵĵߣôҲû취ֻ÷𷴻ˣ
ô͵ϮɹһأͲ֪ˣܾ֮Ǿ֮ܣһȺŮһͲ֪Լʲô˰ɣ
ʱһʮֲг˻ͷȥһȺҶҵӣΧһ귢ġ
Ҷƣʲô˼˵ʲô˸߲ҵ̸ϣŮǿɲˡ
ǣ֪ȥļһû˼ҶľˡһŮӲ
ǼԼû˴оԱ˰ɣ˼ҶĽ˰ɣʼ˰ɣͷǸϽȥɣǿûʱ㣡
һŮӵĻҶȷʵоŮ˵Ŀ£˵ֱɱ˲Ѫֲǰһ仰ǧҪŮ˶죬Ӯ˵ġ
ҶƵķϣ۾Ŵҡǡ˰죬Ҳû뵽ô˵ɴֱӶҶҶǸˣб¾ͳҵһ
ҶƵĻ䣬ûҶشߵŮǿըˡʲôȻҪҶﵥ㻹ҪҪһȥսһˣô鶹ײ
ƽʱ㻹˵ģû뵽ǸӲͷôȥҸСӵӮǸɣ
뵥Ļңʱ㡣ǣֻ۸ҶܵĻǲԸġҶҲһŭĿҶƣĵ
ԭЩŮӣҶﲢ޽飬ǰҶһֱԼţûֻܸͨ⼸ദҶı֮⣬һֱʱӣ׵Ĺǵͬġ
Ǻǣ˵ЦˣСҸдءҶҲվ˳ҶƸϽЦ
Ҷ诿һ츳õˣʮѾ۷ˣ˵ʱпΪߣʮߣڰ˻ĳѾˡ
ҶεЦһ£תͷ߿һۣȻҶҶǸ˾͸ʹ컰ҵҲǿ㣬ֻҪԺǣƿ߾ˣ˵գһȺ˸ŴЦ֮¡
ŮӸ뿪ڷ̣ҶĻ֣ϷʵıҶƵ治֪Ҷôôϲոһͽ˺ɽֶһ
㡭ôˣ̫ûˣôǼ֮ӵݡҶŭ
һŭҶƣҶﵭЦЦ٩ǹɹǶԹһ衣ҶĻŮһЦ
ûᱩ׵ҶƣֱӴȺߵҶǰ˫۽ǰһص˼ñǰ£Լںߣ
ҶҶվԼǰҲôͷҶЦҲ֪˵ʲôҲ˼
ף㻹װɵҶҵʱ򣬴ҶˡϴȥһҵһµĹ
عһȦȺΪǸе߳ˣȻԸ˼ҵãΪҶҵǰ;ǡ
˵˵Ҷ㣬ϲˣСȴһЩıƣװһ˾ӣʮֵĿ𡣾ǵֻƭСӵļҲıЦˡ黳ȣСҲ̹̹һ治ۣ㵽ʺʲôҶһһĵ˵ĻڴҵĶУȴһֻȻʵĸо
ҶûָоֻоˣҶڼ̤ϣվҧгݵҶٸҷϻ㵽׸ҲҽҶƵս
ǺǣҴ˾߳ŭˣԽƲ㡱ĿҶ㣬Ҷˬ࣬㲻ǰƫƫԸ
ָʹҶսҽ˾ͻᱻܾɨأ˵ĸУҲǲףü˰ɣ
˼죬˵ܻǲܰɡҶ㻰ճھ;òⲻڳһжԼ߻𣬹Ȼһ
ԭģûѧᣬȥѧ˼գ
Ҷﻹǣһ¾Ϳˣ
Ҷĸı㵽׸Ҳҽܣ˾˵仰ҶѾˣյĴݱһƬȡ
ãҶͽսҪĲͨսҪ̨Ҷһĸղŵһ˿С
ʲô˴󾪡


4 ֮Լ
ȫһƬţҶĻͬһ㣬ÿһ˵ĶУλز
ǼŮӣǸоĶˣΪʲôˣ飬ͷֹıô̹Ȼûа㵨ӡ
̨ǵڲ޷ìʱ˫ԸԾĵطһ̨º˭Ҳ׷ҶѾ˼̨꣬һҲ;ôأûʲôⲻ˵ĳޣûԸ⶯õġ
̨Ҫģ֮ûʲôޣҪ֡˰ΣҶѾŵɫҰףһĵ
Ҳ֪ûޣΪʲôҪһٶңȻ뵱ǾҪб׵ľҶĿҶƵ
㡭㡭ҪΪ㣬ҿľ磬ô࣬һʤ㶼ûУȰ㻹ǷɣǾˣΣ
ҶȻ֪ԼʵԶʤڶԷ͸ҶĿ⣬ܸоڿһԼ﷢ë
ΣңҶָʹҶһһЩôŸҶظձͳȥ£͸ҵİɣ
۾ҶƣԷ֧֧û˵ʲôҶתҶ֮һֱѹңΪҸ׶峤λóɡӦһĲģ˭뵱峤͹ȥֻҪ˱Ҹ׸ʣȫԻͣŸ״˻Ὺĵ˫ַ峤֮λ
ӣȫѻȸһжԻĵͷһָҶ㣬ȵ޳ܵСˣϵȱݣôһֱѹңңΪҸ̧ͷΪЦҶҵѾԡң㿪
˵˵Լû츳˵ʲôϣӦȥˡѾ˵زҶȫ˺αߣһԹĿҶ޲õͰҶɱˡ
ڳѶĬˣŮӸǽıͣΪڿˣⲻһͨ
һⳡĽܻϵԺˣսսĿš
Ҷı飬ҶЦЦͻȻλѾϷ˰죬ӦÿԳⳡ̨Ϳǵľˣ
ɻ䣬һЦֱϱſڴӰˡ
峤ϡ˵òҼæ𶯲ѣû뵽ⳡλ߲㡣
ҶҲԴһ񣬶ԸֻЦŵ˸ͷٶҶָˣŶӲٳ٣ʯͷҲˡ
ȻȮӣϲ峤ˣҶ޷ϰ䣬ǾƾԷˡ϶Ҷ칰Ц
ҶЦǫ˼䣬ҶԸоҶǷԺЩҶܵѹҶپһᡣ
үүҶϣϽܹ
žһĶ⣬ҶʱһѪãĿŴϣЩɡ
С군⣬첻Ѱ˼úϰ䣬һЩĵ⣬ҶĻҶ֪ЩЩ¡治Сû뵽˼ڰȻΪԼ棬кԼͬ塣
Խ˵Խ˦һƳҶһϣһҶֱӱ鷭ڵء
ϢŭȥҲû壬˵黹ԼɡҶҲþôĿţѵȥԼ粻ţԵԼ̫ûˡ
ԣߺߵ֣ҶߺĴӵг˷ŭǲҳŴϷֻԹĿҶȻҶͷϡ
Ҷεʼ磬ѾǺˣҲںһʡ
תҶףҶƶսУϣʹ棬֮ͬʹ̨Ҫ峤ź˶Ժܽеġ
ȷҶˣֱһ꣬ȫƣǰԣ塭ҶüͷЩĵĵ
Ǻǣ޷ףһֱ³ɳѾˣϣԼѡһЩҵĵ·ΪǿߣٳΪСҪ̤ϵˣȫҵĽ£
Ҷ￴ҶᶨĵضĻÿһ˵ͷǵΪ֮һ
ðɣҴӦˣͿǱߵˡȻȻ˵ǣýҶѾһţԼٲͬĻҶٱǰģ
ҶϣҲЩΪѵصʵһЩСǵСС֣ûҪŲ̄ɣǸҶƣȻô˵
Ҷ͵͵ĿһҶ㣬ҶΪϸ峤ڳ鲻ʾڴϿһǶ͵͵Ĵ˸ơһиûҶʶһ
Ҷ֮ҶһҧԸҶ̨Ͼս
ȫһ󾪺Ҫˣ̨Ҳ˵ֻһ˿ԻҶҪ
ҶҲû뵽ҶƾȻĸҲҶݣսô˵ҶҲҶĶӣֻҪҸڣȥⳡս
ȻĴӦˣҶɫʱüɱ˲ڵ¶ʱ࣬ʵʵɱ⣬ÿͷѹʯ͸
һ̾ϢҡҡͷȻ˫ͬˣҲû취ֹǫ̂ϼɡ˵ŻҶһת뿪Ҷ㡢Ҷƽߣʧſڡ
ŻعŮӷ׷ߵҶߣ𱸵Ҷ̫嶯ˣôս
ǰǰǺõģ
Ұ¾ķݶɣץһҲǺõģ
һôŮӹҶҶɫŹֵĿԼĶӣƽʱͬƹһˣôͻȻôŮϲˡҶı飬ҶεЦЦл˴ҵĺ⣬Ÿ׻صԼķС
Ǻǣ벻ôܻӭҶЦŶҶ
ǺʵҲ֪ô£ԴϴδҶ֮Ǿͱöϲ˵ˡҶͷεĵ
ܱ㿪ҺܿģҲõ벻ΪʣҲôİˡ˵ҶѾǹƣȡ֮һȻ
ҶȻ˵ı飬ԭʮ緢ͣҶѾ΢ߣⶼô궥ѹĽҶһᣬ
ִ˴ĵİ۾ʪϵĲҶ쵹һ裬ЦϺܶ飬һɲģЩȻܾۣӼᶨҵ֮ģҽкôİɣѾǹȥǸ¶ĺˣѾԼȥһЩ飡
ӹҶ˫ֵϵĲˮҶ˿Բĳȣа̾Ȼ꣬Ż졣
ףϣܸŪһȭĵͼս׼̨áҶƷ˿ڲصȻʱЩִ٣ļ븸װһæעһĳϵĶ򣡡
ģ֣صĶԼ˵ҶֻεĴӦǰĺӣѾЩˣֻȥ
ҶҶڴϣĿŷѾ׳ȥˣʲôʱϹأ


5 ϰս
Ҷ峿ǻĴӸԷ߳ϴ٣ϾҪ⣬Ҫġ
ҲҶҪɲ֣ȻΪܵͣǾӪԴǼ崫е
Ǯκһ磬ҪģϾҲҪԴġģĵҩõҩҺȵȣһж벻Ǯۡ
峿ҶңӼž𽥱æµȺע˲
ڸһķһĿ㣬ڼк꣬ϥ˫ֽӡһء
ҶоڵѾӯȫĳϣһͻ졣
ǸһεɽͬεѶȷǳҶһҹ弶ĴζûгɹϾһʮ򣬼ζҶ˻
ʧĴΣǵûҶ٣ĵİٴһȫתһǿĺŭҰޣֱײݡ
壡
һ춯ҶﾭĴʧܺͻ졣
Ҷ֪Уܼ򵥣һСŵƿӣװһкŵƿ
ҪӵиĴҪСƿӴ飬ӵкŵƿӵ
ԴƣһδεĴеƿӣܲ
Ķ٣ǺһʵҪ׼֮һûл֧֣û취߷ǿս
ȵˮ֫ٺչǿѪҺ··ÿһϸڸ質
Ҷﻺ۾³һڵĿԼ˫֣ȭɿΣӦȵֿһĵĻȡ
ǰѾ𽥻ָɫԼȭԼϡˡĴ£ڲһˡ
۸ҵĲǣҶүһһĸ˵ģݺݵĻһȭͷ졣
ƽһ˷ܵ飬ӻͳһ鱾ϱߺȻдšƽ׵ͼʯȭҶ͹ģᷭһ£оǺѣ޷ǾһķţȭͷϣʹȭͷӲ
һ飬ͻȫҪҸطϰһˡ鱾뻳УתŶȥ
ҶҵĺɽһƬռǧĶɽ֣ΪҶҵׯԺʱΪҶأһƬͰķ⣬ƽʱ
ǼͰķӣǸЩ˴ĵӣԤĽңһٿţӦһסͰɡ
ҶƳһ۰ӣŲûκͣһʱ䣬һƫƧĳߣϸ۲һ
ȷΧû˵£ߵһŴǰ˫·ţһ죬ظĸоȫϿӣһʯͷԣϥϡ
ĬĬתӦһ¸ոձǿ壬ȷڵ֮ͨ󣬲ſʼϰʯȭҲϰսǰıйΣתϰսԽճһˡ
Ľڵض·͵ȭͷ֮ϣǰ͡

ȭͷ̶죬֦ˣмΣȷԼѾˡʯȭٿϰһϸĴǰһȭӳ
أ
ȭͷصϣһһȭͷӡҶﾪϲĿȭͷӡȻ˼飬˵Ȼ˾޴󣬸ղֻԶѣȭͷȻһ㲻ۣãҾȫһԿ
һһޱȫת
顪ʯȭ
ۣ
˸ȫͬҶֱֱɣȭͷһ
ҶԼһβŻظĽֱ۴γĴֱϵľмԼ򴩵Щ
öǿҪ֪򴩿ɱȴѶȸ̫ˣûȥһԼ
˵һڼ䣬ʯȭܴľţڵѾԶԶмҪ֪ԼǿԺкҪ
Ѱ˼Щٲ飬ֱ
Ҷҵһ¶Ĺ㳡Բң˸ĺͲߡĴǶΪֻŻˣŮ٣ΪŮӸƫϰϾ֣Ӱ۵ġ
ôΪˣ뽡׳˸ǿֲϵĲ㣬νȫ
Ҷʱʱ磬ҶȥԷˣյһӰûСպøҶṩ˱ҶҲ֪Լ飬ʯϣĺɫťһȭ
飡
һ󣬲ʯϱ߳˰ɫ·Ҷ֪ÿɫ·һٽͨһﵽ˰˰ٽ
顱һȭӳȫʯϱ߳һɫɫ·ɫ·һǧҲ˵ƾҶʹﵽһһǧٽ
顪ʯȭһͺ䡱һ죬һɶߵĲʯһ¡
ɫһɫ·ȻڲʯͷϷϱߵ·Ҷһ󷢴ֲûһȭ򴩴û뵽ôݵ壬Ȼôپսǿ򴩴ܹˡòǰû츳ѵҴԽ˱죿˵ߣ׼ҲһǧѣҾȻô࣬ĴСǿȣ˵Ѿӵһǿ͵ˣ
ԼֱۣƺûиоʹӣҶĵ˵ͷеʱˡ
ʯȭѾգҲҪʱȥϰ⼸һһϮҶܲãҪһ£治ҳȥʵУ±º֡
ҡҡͷȥԷãѾ꣬в˻ģҶĵ缦ȺӽһֻӥʱϢ
ҶƵ̾˿ԼŪĶڡ˷һ˵ĵط˵ĳš
Ҷº˶ȺȻ뿪Ϊˮһ㣬׷ƹҶ뿪ҶмЦ
֮˾£ΪǶٵҶԼѾǾˣȻǻ֪ҶʵʵͨҶչֵѪֶΣѾǿ־嵽˹
Ҷĵڽ˵Ҷ诣ĿʱһҶǰδЦǺǣڿǹİǼ㶼èһ
ͣеĿӣһͽ˲ͣĿŮмص˿ĵ£ԶѣȻηηɲʲô򡣡
Ǻǣ벻ҶЩ踺أһɱ䣬ϴǦҪϲ˰űԼСһıܣҶԽ˽⣬Խǿ͸
ɱԽˤԽҰǵҸҶƵս̸֮ɡֻҪһţҳԶٴͣҾʵһЩҶЦĵ
ҶﳶսϣҶ࣬ǰЦʱˡ
Ҷ˵Ƿаգûаվ͸ңһ취ƵġѧԺڶѧڼҲһĻȨƽ϶ûģ
Ҷ츳ˣʮʹﵽľ磬۹ĵһѧԺΪڶѧֻҪʮǰͻߣʱԽѧԺ
ѧԺΪ۹һѧԺϵʥأݴڿʦʦϵߣԺǴ˵սʼǿߡҶ诽ѧԺ£ǰ϶£ԾҲܲҶ诵
ҶҶ诵ĻбůҪлһݺҶ磬𣡡


6 
һһӰʱҶǰŮӣҶʱͷһ
ӳһݣüҶǳӣ̱ͦ覰ϴŵĺΣϲĿҶ
ҶɵŮҶǰǵһμڵϣǱPSĻ崿ʣ崿ˮϾϧ̴
òҶŴӼҵһ֡磬۹˴֮һҵС֮ʱֻ򣬱ҶСһꡣʱңҶҸҼһЩԨԴʱ͵Ҷң͵͵
ձʱ򣬴ֻ֪磬ҶҶйģ˭⡣
ҶҵĺӺöϲ۸СҲķʽڣϣԴ̼ǵϽĺ;
ǻᣬͬĺǲûΪСɰŹϷʱŪֻһ⣬ǾҶ
ҶǳĻ;ѵ죬ͬĺǿ׳Ķ࣬һֱ磬˭۸ͻҶһȭͷ
ĺһֱάֵҶʮ꣬ڴ֮ĺҲ½ﵽ죬ҶľһֱͣͲǰ
𽥿ʼ۸Ҷ磬ÿ类۸ʱҶεİ绤󣬲ܵ˺Լȴܱıס
ÿλصУ綼ĽҩȵͿĨҶ˴Ҳǰҽˡ˾˵Сèںڰ֮УĬĬԼ˿ڡ
ҶԱأֻܸҶ˵ϼ仰ڴ𽥳֮ҲഺڵݹҲû۸ˡ
ǰҾư֮λүүã类ӻңǺ壬Ȼڵ۹֮񻪹ΪŵӡҸΪ磬񻪹ͷ۹˴еλβơ
ҶĿԼЦôҶ˼ĻŶĿ֮УֳԹ֮飬֮ˣҲ˲ڻ
Ҷﱾʸ𺳵ˣԶ㲻û¶һ飬Ȼܴˡһµ㳤ˣǸҺ߿ĨıˣƯĸһϲҲ
ҶĻСһ죬ֵ˵Сʱ£ǺþòˣҶǰʶأҳȥòãѵøʦٵļ٣ҵһʱ͹أﶼû˵˷ܣץҶֵ
紺аץţ·ţһ˳Ҷôܾܾѽû⣬ҴȥϹɣҲþûˣ
ҶˬʵһЦҶ诵ҸȥᣬҪǸңбҽһ£
Ҷ֣Ҷһ˿ĪζЦû£ȥɣòײһأú˼ңɲҪŶ
诱㣬˼ղֻŸҶ˵ȥˡе㲻˼ЦЦҪһȥɣ˶໹ֵ㣡
ңҶԥһµˣȥɣĿĵ㣬ҪץʱͲˣ
Ǻðɣ´һȥ棬ټ˵ŻҶŶȥ
˵ӰʧҶĬĬ̾һ૵ص÷С޲𣿡
˳˷ãҶĸ첲˫ʵĿУ
㰡ôҲҴкﶼû׼಻˼
ҶȵҶֱۣʵ۾ҪðˣǼϾҪ뿪һ㶼ûиԼк˼æЦǰ
絭ĿһҶ㣬̲صҪҶ磬æǾͲˡ˵Ҷߡ
ȱ߰Ҫȥ㶩ϯӷɡҪߣæŵ
˰ɣҸȥ棬ͲˡҶе㲻ͷĵ
ҶͶʼɵҪֱҶԼĻĸҪ衰˭˵ˣҹһȥҶɫغ
类סﱾЩģһǿڳԣʱ۷䡰һǿƣѹҶ㣬ҶʱоԼͬһ㣬ãɫҰףŵĻֱð亹
ҶҲϵһһεƣûֱӶҶҲоˮУԼĻܵ˼ơмҶ㣬ѹ֪
ԲҶ磬û뵽ôȥ֪Ҷɻľǡ֣̫ᣬҶ֣ĿЩˮ
ǺһЦҶɲںҶ֪ЩһᱻԼڽµģǶQɡ
Ѿͷô˵ŻҪȥСԴͻȻЩͻͣڰУ֪ôˡ
ҶﲢûĶֱӹɵĽԼͷҶϣ˷ܵصðɣξĹǣ߰ɣȥ֣
ƴ˳˿Ҷһж̫ˣôһһĴӸң˭Ҳ뽫ߡС֣ͷҲص߳Ҷҡ
˵ʧҶϵѹȻʧɫ԰׵һƨ˵ϣʪ͸޾Թ۾ĶҶʧķҧгݵĵСӣţϴνûɣ̨ڣ
Ҷ֣˲ð߷УϾԼҵĵ̣ʲôΣա
磬ղŶԸҶõʲôܣôôһӾͶסʹ޷Ժ󣬼ˣҶʳеɻǹǿ󣬾ҶҲһұ֤Կס
ǺǣѹγɵһֻѧһƤëѡʦ˵ʼǿߵԴﵽʣܽʯ飬ǲŽ˵Լʦһĳ羴֮ɫ
ߴ·Ϊ޺ޣϰıΪߣϰıΪߣȼһģֱߡʿʦ齫ʡ
ߺųصĳɼԦΪãͨԼڵؼԵУȣųͬ޵С
츳ĽҶЦǫ飬Կˣȥ񻪹꣬ڵʲôˣ
£Ƥգգ۾
ٺ٣һ²ûҶ̽ĵ
̫СŶ˼ʵʵʿˣһʿŶҶ´Ժľ
ҶĶҲͷʮʿߣֱ̫ˡһ츳ԭһ񻪹ۺʵ϶ֲġ񻪹Ȼ˵ҩսȸԴ϶ϡȱ
ҶҸ񻪹һؤһʵۣԶûпɱԡ
Ҷ˾̾Ǿܴ̾Ļϼߵһ·ϣ˺üЦĲѡ
ʱǹķɿ죬֪ҶҾӪð߷УȺҶĸоˡ·߾ȻǺ«ģæȥҲ϶羪޵Ŀ⣬˱߳Ա߹˵Ц
·̯λɫɫģĶ˶Ҳ֪˱ò㵹Ū˲СǮû϶١
й䣬ͻȻһ̯ϵиƬҶע⣬ΪҶԼʶɨʱǸƬȻ˲



7 Լҹ
ð߷ҶңҲҶҵ֧ҵ֮һϵĵ̣Ҷҽٲ־ӪһЩԼԴ󲿷ֶ޵ʽһЩӪ
оҶ˵ĿľӪڰ˻ĳѾγ˼Ӱʮֻ𱬣е̵ҲʮְÿԴҶңһʵķ롣
Ķʮӣ̼ǳ˾Ӫð߱ҩƷߵȵȣӪð̽ʱֵĲԴ;һЩ
Щ״죬˭ҲЧܶϲˣǳϲණһΪϲղأһҲǱŽһԵ˱ǾһҹĻᡣ
Ҫ˵ˣԶʡǰǰһЩԱ˵б۾ڷ
˭˭˭˼һӣ־Ȼһ鵤̷Ժ̳Ϊʦֱ֣˵ĳĳˣһ鲻֪ĹͷȥȺͻƿ
˵ȴû̼Ҷ׫ġȻ֪Ǻܿף˵Ľޱǿҵģ̼˳ˮ۵£һЩ漣Щ֪ġͳֻ
Ҷ·һ̯λʱʶɨ̯λһƴĹƬҶʶע⡣
ԴҶʶΧǰ˺ܶ࣬ܶ࣬ʶɨǸƬʱͻȻȻ겨
Ҷͣ½ŲװһӣָŵϵĹƬ̯ϰƬôģҼϸ°ѲϵĹƬŪˣ׼ٸһ
ϰһʮˣһԿεŮվԼ̯λǰǸŮһʱǰһ
ˣһܱȵģϿϣƬλ治һ㰡Ƭһ˵̽СӣһŶлáСӶߣǧſڿصĶħ޲ŵõģν쳣ǸŶ
ҶȲʱ׼ĥ׷ˡ
̯һҶһϧϰ׳һףûϹ츳
ͬȼħ޹Ҫ߸ߵĶ࣬ɱͬȼħޣҪϲУĳ˾͸ȥɱͬȼħޣѾǷǳټҪĳҲһô¾һĽ
̯Ȼ˵ĸߴһħޣͺ˸˵ֻ¸ҵӣһͷһ㡣Լһûĳˣ
ҶƲƲϰͱ׶ˣĸ߶һħޣܰħιϲҸ˵ˣҼϸ°ĹƬŪˣ׼һ͸Ҹʵڻɣ׶Ǯ
ƣǾȻôĹƬ棿ϰЩ˼ĿҶ
˵ˣƾһϲĹƬҶЩ˼ڨڨһЦҶĻǵһЦ
㡭̯һûתɫЩˡ
̯ЩҶæϰ壬ҼƬްϷŪ֮⡣˵⣬䲻϶Ҹ˵԰ɡ
˵Ż̯ЦЦ˼ǣҲ˵ֱ̫ףôΡ
Ҷô˵ҲǸԼ棬Լһ͵˼ǷԼеϷȣڨЦǲ֪ܸʲô۸񣿡
ҶҲ𻰣ָ̯üʮǲе˰
ҶҡҡͷʮңһҾͲҪˣ
ʲôҲ̫ˣʱ򶼻ʮң۸Ҳе̫˰ɡ̯ҡͷ
У㻨ʮң⵹пܣʮһѵĹƬɡҶϷʵĿ̯
ҶҴεĿһҲʵ̫ˣϾ̯λҲǰ׸ģÿ¶Ҫɣһڼۣ˸ô
ãɽ˵ŻҶֱӰǮӸ̯ӹƬڻӹƬʱƴԼļֱƬ϶Ǹ
ɣվθ׼뿪һλС㣬ҿһԸ𣡡
ҶתͷһһʮͷĿӢɫƵˣк
ˣҶһüǸҶԼҵӡӺΪḡɫʮֻΪڰ˻ĳǳϵŮﵽ˰λû뵽쾹
ɫԵĶԼʮֲã񻪹ʦ谮ʦ񻪹ҲǵλȻʦ֡ʦܼаĽ֮ģҲ¶֮顣
ǳǰˣֻҶҵķУõֻ֣ǵûǰˣҶҶ磬˶ǾͻȥɣʱҲأ
ҶҪػϣҶҵķү˵ǰЩӲû뵽컹ְܳӺҽ֣òʱΪˣôҲûôƯŮӡ
æװһģкû˼Ҹûŭ𡣴Ҷ̳̣ӵŭҶϡ
Ҷа̾İ׳ôô࣬ˡûӺһۣ¸Ҫ硰߰ɣת˰ˣûȥԷˡתߡ
쵰Ķ𣿱ү˵ӣӺʱıס
Ҷûᣬֻ磬˵ĹȥҲᵽҶ˼ҪЧЩΪǵˣȥǳ׵Ķӡ
뵽ԭȵŭ𳹵׾ʧˣЦҶĸ첲һȥ
ҶȻԼӺķζҪըˣôûܹһα˼ҵ˿ȳ޵֮ݡ
Ҷ˵ǰŤص˶𣿵Ҳڣ
ҶﲻмƳһ۱׵Ӻ̼װصϣҪһϴģһûȻǸˣʧʧˣ
˵껹װģһȭģ翩һЦ
㡭ӺһӾԴ·ˣ֪ôشƽʱһ϶ƺԹӡӡү֮ġҶһͺƺһЩɱһ㣬ûȥ
Ӻ첱ӴֵģҶЩ͵صʲô㣬ɶͿţǵŻؼҳԷء˵ƨŵģ뵽һŮڣ˵ʧţæĿڣǸĵĲײ࣬˶֪ԭ˼
쵰ӺֱˣҲҶҵĵ̣ҶǼѪһȭ
ȭͷҶһ˲䣬һͣסˣӺǵ֣ͣһֻס󡣱Ҷסͬסһ㣬˿á
Ҷҵĵ϶Ҷ֣ĵӲСǷζԼҶҶҵսءʹȻ޼µӺĵ
ߵʱΧ˵ע⣬һҶҵǵǰȻΪߣ塢ӣǶǼѪսʿϴһɱ֮
ΪһˣҶһ񡰰ݼ
ҶЦЦˣҽ䣬û뵽λ鷳ˡ˵һ֣ӺѣûϵҶͻȻ֣ûסԣһƨ˵ϡ
̫ˣڣû˿Ҷҵĵ¡мĿһ۴ӵӺԹӣ㻹ذɣﲻӭ㣬ǰȥǾͲˣ
ȻԼҲҶ˶ڣֲԼĵϣӺҲɵһĿҶֻ˲Сӣϴˣ㻹ܻãķﲻӵˣ
˵ŻĿ£Ǳ뿪ð߷С
ӺıӰʧҶûа۾һǻһΣյĻȡԭˣˣǺǣϷҪʼˣ


8 粨
Ҷص֮ʱҶΪĵ׼ʢ磬⣬ҶҲòԴܸϺãҶаһ顣
˼峤⣬һЩĵҲŲμ磬ҶҲࡣϾСһȺͷԷҲδػῪģضԵΡ
Ҷϯӿϯ߷ֱҶҶš
Ҷȫİ£ܰǡ粻ϲƣеĹ֭ƵƵҶɱʱöЦ
ҶǰǺ֮ˣҲܴΪߣǺõûߡƹѮҶƱȸҶ쾴һȻһҶҵλĳϣʮΧһһƣлǶҶҵ׿Խס
ֹݣҶʮ׾¶ǣȻ峺ûа⡣
ڴҵļУǰҶÿʱ򣬶ǵͷԶӲ˽һ̬ôʮ־졣
Ҳǣ˾ĺãȻʿߣȷҲҪһûС
ҶҲҶı֣·һʶԼĶһִӹɢţҶʮοҶһǷϣչʾһ峤еһ档
ҶӰŵЦݣͷһů·صСʱ
ǸСӰȴǿţԼǰ·Ҳܶסһ㣬֪۾Ѿʪˡ
ҶҲĿעҶ˫֮𶯡Ѿ֪ѾӡǸСųСкˣһƥǿƻعǣԼء
ҶͼҪﾴһȦƣصԼλϣžƱҶ诵磬诱㣬Ǻһɣòһأѵã
áŮվΣҲûƳ٣Ʊһڡ˶ʤһȥʱϼ˶˵ޡ
ҶĿԼˣҶ诺ɫˣҶϽ°ɣҶأ
ҶһȻ˶ԼˣӦǶԼΪжǿҵĶʼɡЩ˴ҶҵľӢӣĿܳΪĻҶ϶̳ɸˡ
ҶûЩˣͶŮ˵ЦҶ˵ȤĬһ仰ǵöŮʱķЦ
ҶĿżɨҶҶ죬һ˿ǣ̾һ
ҶŮĵĿģһȺ˴ǣҶʮҶҾӢӣҶǰȵϸġ
ǿѹͷŭЦҶܣղż緢ĸǼ峤Ͼƣ壬Ҳһ峤ݲܾɡ˵žһƣʾһ¡
һۣҶһȺˣųһӣÿﶼ˾ơȻ׼սҪҶ൹࣬ѹϵķͷ
ҶĻ𣬱ϴһƬ̹ǰƣָҶ峤ݣҶﻢ£òӲͷƤǸɱ
Ȼ͹Ҷ̣ҶʲôܳԣǲܳԿ
ЦĿҶ㣬ҲûҶŸλҾƣҺοҲζѾ峤λˡ˾ƣҪأ˫ֱֳƶҶһǰЦ⣬һģҶһ͵Ц
㡭ҶʱĿһ£ʲôʱ峤ˣοҪԸƵڸ㾴ƣҶһȺ˵ɫʱļΪѿ
ڱﻢˣҶǾƾ͵ڳ峤ˣô峤ƾҪڣҶǲܵġ˼һϱԷһתͷȥǶ˾Ͷˡ
ҶһҧӲͷƤ峤Ҷ㾴ˡ˵˫汭ơ
ţ̬ȺܲСӺܴӿɽҲֻǲ֪ͻȻҾƣҪɰɣ
Ҷһ˲̬ȣḧ°ֻͣԼ°ϸûк룬һģѧЩײࡣҶһģŮѾЦֱˡ
ҶɫʱǳɫЩˣ뵽һܰҶ෭࣬ҧղžλʲôɣҲʲôɣ
ŶҶЩ⡰ҾλϺִ£ΪΪҶҶҵҵ㡾ְأʮһյ֧ҶҡͿ๦ߣΪҶСҳԵõģںˮģҾǣȻ쾭ġ
Ȼ˵ѹĶеߣǳҶĻҶеĳ߶ͷһůǼҹﲻС͹ƽкˡ
ɾңеܲ𰡣Ͼ겻ߵ²ۿΪҶκιףɾľҿɲҺȡҶﵭЦ
ߣ֪ѿ֮ʵڲӺΪҾľ㵽׺ȲȣҶѾʧȥ侲ɴ࿪ʼˡ
ҶļҪĸܳ£Ҷ㣬ҶҶƽֻ˺Ⱦƣһѣһǵˡ
ǿ϶㲻ѣôҾΪĵˣһҶƱеϣϽⱭƣ뿪εĻԼˣһҲڵȥˡ
ˣǵССֻᱳʹֶΣϲ̨ļıΪҵĵˡԻȥɣעµ·ôһͲˡ˵꣬Ҷˣͷ
㡭ҵšҶ˫ȻСľĳ϶֣ת߷ȥ
ʣµҶӵܣҲֻøҶȥǸ߼Ҷúõ˲ҪȥѵҶҵһľôû𣿡
Щˣû¶ɫҲҶ㣬ǲҷҲСʱ۸ˣӰʼվӦҸǿĿɽѡҶ㳼
ҶȻϵ峤ʮǰ޷ﵽ죬ʮ޷ﵽʿô峤ݾͻᱻᣬϻҲѡٳµ峤ԴҶûаҶݵ¡
Ҷ⼸ǿƱסǣǲ֪ҶѾͻƵصľ磬ǲǴҶؽɽǸҶԼǺѡ
ۼ֤ҶİֶΣҶĻʱã֮У֪Լѡ·Ƿȷˡ
ҶһȺڶͷɥȥ˼ȾֺЦֻдˮһԲ
ڼŹֵ£ĻҶصԼķ䣬ֱڴϣԼϷˣҶ;һˬڼҶԼʵ̫ˣССֻһϢ
ˡ˼䣬һصҶﾪѡ


9 ҹ
Ҷ򿪷ţҶĸҶ죬Ҷתȥӣø£һݸҶôˣ£
豭һڡҲеüĿˣͨԼߵ֪⼸һԵ۶ˣ棬ÿζٹأӦЩùܡǸ˵ʱûв壡
Ե۶Ҷ΢˼Ƭ̡ûвǵĿģ
ҶҡҡͷûУΪ˲ǵľҵûҿǣ˵Ǹˣпսʦǿߣ
ŶûϵҪ֪ǵĵ˭ˣľͲôҪˡ˸ףǼҸԼڹϵô
ԼңǰǸǾˮˮ֪Ϊʲôǰǳ˾Ӫķ¥⣬ȻʼҩľӪǵĻԴܳ㣬ǲٿͻҶҲΪҩĵֲҲҶҵһ֧ҵ˵Ҷüͷ
Ǻǣ˫ѽ湻ġҶһЦĵ
֪ڳˣΪҲԽԽ͸ˡϣ֪ĸףĵҪܶʲô£ôԵĸס˵ҶĸףҶ컢ĿˣһȻ֮ɫ
ף̫ˣʵҲûʲô˵ģ뺦ң⼸˵ͷڲ˵ҲԼ²Ĳ׼ȷҶģæ⡣
ţ˵Ѿ֪˭ˣһ仰ҶȻæʵ
ҶͷҴε˾ĳϣֻһִ߶ѡҸԩ޳뺦ңضżĿġҪ֪Ļ˭
հԼҵڷз˵ĦС˵©죬ƲԼҲǸĻֵ֮һһһڰνǴĻǡ
벻ףҶҾʲôֵñôѾĻأĵһлȻʡ˵ҶͲ˵ˣ豭һڡ
ҶĻҶҲǰһüͷ벻ôӣʵķ£ǳˡһ벻ΪʲôһҪҶĶأڵʵǳǣҲҷǳĵġ
ǺǣΪ֤һ£ˡ˵ŶҶһȭ˹
Ҷһ㶣Ҷʲô˼סȭͷ
أ
һ죬Ҷ쾪ϲĽе죬еΪˡ˵꣬һѱסҶ׳˫۾ȻЩҶļϣҶȦһ죬Ҷһᵽʲôĸɽ
ã̫ˣӼ˭ٸ˵ҶǷҾͰɷղһƺδȫȫΪȫһܵʲô̶ȡ⣬㱳ҲҶƾġҶˬʵЦҶѾָɲԸҶȥðգ㱳ųΣ
ȫҶЩԥ
ԣȫʯȭõĻҲϡҶҶһƽ׵ͼʯȭֻǲ֪Ҷô̵ʱڣܷѧã֪Ҷֻ˰ʯȭ֪θ롣
ҶﱻΣֻ˵ȭͷϣһͺȡʯȭ
飡
һ죬ҶȭͷҶҵײһɢԱߵĲ輸ɣײǽķѡ
ҶȻûԤϵҶѾȫȫʯȭûϵҶ֮󣬱һ𣬲ɵúһ
Ҷ𾪲ѣҪ֪Լʦǿߣ׸߼ʨϱһͬߴĶࡣǳ䲻⣬Ҳܱһ߶ǣֻСһȥһȻ󲨡
ãããƾԿһˣľҾͷˣĸ֪ţһĵġˡ˵ȻѾʼЩˡ
ףҵĸ׵˭Ҽǵ˵ʵͻҵġҶһֱһţΪļУһûԼĸ׵Ӱӡ
ӣŬɣʵǿˣǿ󵽱һҪöʱȻģ֪ûô˵Ҷļ߳Ҷķ䡣
Ҷ¼ŵıӰʧſڣҶͷʹʲôһҶĺӣȻˡ
뵽Ҷ쵱ʮʹﵽʦľ磬ǷǳϣԽϴﵽʾˣû뵽ʮһֱûдԭ̤ѵΪĸ׵Եʣ
һԼƽ֮£ɻң߻ħƽ֮૵صʵɿĶûʵԼӵеĶҲʱᱻߣ
ڴϣһһӲӲĶһԭǰð߷ԵĹƬ
֮飬æһƬڴͷϸꡣǷȥ˰죬ҲûȻƬڵֿǷȻκα仯
ѵԼӦˣʲôҵʶɨʱ˸ӦʶҶһԼԴԼһæԼʶȫڹƬϡ
ƬʱһĲһǿϢҶʶҶԺ󰵽ؽ׸߼Ѫǡ࡭
Ƭ̺󣬹ƬϢʧҲûκ겨ƬһĹƷѾûˣְѹƬԱߣԺеϢ
󰵽ĸ磺ͭƽ𾳡𾳡ÿһ磬ǿȶֶͭУڻ¡
ǿ󣬶һ߷ǳҪպսУҶˣǿ׳ϰ幦Ҷõһ׹ûʲô
һһֻϰһֹǡ󰵽һǸġԸ¾ͻҶԷĵѧϰ
ҶЩССƵǣѧˣΪϰ󰵽ſﵽǧϣǿȲǿĻˣܻɲзϡ
Ҷɲðգؽ׹۹ҲǷëǣޱȣſҲչӦǸսʦǿ׼ģΪսʦǿߵŻﵽǧϡһɣȴֻˮҶҲû취
òײŰӡ󰵽ҶƿƲգ˻ĳǶһƬڰ֮УǻһĨЦݡôãɵʲôǶԲ죿
ط任һҹ£ãžգٺһЦл£ұ𲻸ҹתţʧҹɫ֮С


10 ºڷ
ҹɫеİ˻ĳǣĽ·һͷ޴Ұޣ硣
ֻһط⣬ǾǴ¥˻ĳ¥ԼҲҵ
ռĶ˹ɢżʮС¥Ǹ¥Ĺ׼ģƽʱˣǸԲһԺ䡣
ԺУһȽ⣬ΪθǲӴκο˵ģΪ˽˲ҵӵݲҵ˾ԼҵӡӺ
Ӻ϶ס˾ݴŮÿضҪŮ̺򣬷޷ߡ
ƽʱɫòŮӶᱻ̣ûʱ򣬾ͻᰲŴ¥Ůޡ
ʱʱ֣˰ҹӺӵһһ˿ҵŮӣһֻֻĿŮӷǰ˯㡣
һᴵƮһӰèһ˽֮ʱҲûһ
˯еӺǸӰ૵صԼҵĹȻŻһ£͹ģ
ߵߣǸ໹㲻ŮӣǻܡָĵŮӵ˯Ѩ
žָӺһ⡣
Ӻʱѣǻû˭һʹ˹ȥ
ӺٴʱѾԼһɽ֮УԼһӣѨ޷ϮӺʱһļƤ
ˣ˯ÿɻһеڸѴкһ
ӺֵһһԼЦţ΢ĹߣǸƺź⡣
۾ӦİӺһ㡭Ҷ
ҶͰժ£۾Цˣϧû
ʲôҸ㣬ɱҵҪ֪ңһɱģҶҲס㡱Ӻǿ򶨵ĵ
Ǻǣİɣҵİȫʩĺܺã˿϶鵽ϵģҿԱ֤ҶȻ䲻ȵĻش
ʲô˼Ӻͷһ
Ǻǣ˵أǺܴô²أ
Ҷ֮ûʲôްɣΪ˽£ҿԸǸҿ⳥㿴ôҪʲôֱ˵Ӻһתһ̽ŵ
һϷʵĿӺ㲻øļˣʱҲûãжʮأļҽǲģ
ҶİţƽˣӺɫʱҰסҶ֣ҪſϷŹңҪ֪һߣպܲΪ˰һС¾Ͱɱ˰ɣ
ԼҾȻ˵һߵĻ˸е̣ڰ˻ĳԼңɵЩ˵»ʱôûһء
Ҷһ䣬˫ɱҲϻڿʼһشһ䣬شҾͻжһָָнֺһжʮһλ
ôǶʮһΰǶʮӺѾŵ񾭽ţҲʳ仰
ҶɭصмһҲһλᣡ
Ӻʱ亹鲼ȫĸܵҶбɱ⣬ԼϣҶ϶ԥɱԼ
ӺѾŵĲˣֱӿżɽص˭ָʹԼҶģ
˵ʲôҲ֪
ܺãϲнˣ
һҽУӺһСָȥҶеذϡ
Һܲϲ֪֣㻹жʮλᣬҺϣܼȥҿʮ֮һܲҵսԵҶ
ӺʱʹȥԼŹˣСƤ˶ûܹأѾʹ˵
ȫӺʹ࣬˲кôŮӣһζǻãص˭ָʹԼҶģԼѡ֪˵꣬Ҷ۾Ϳʼһֻ֣еذʱ¡
ǿϵľʹһŤصǵ۶ˣ
ʲôˣһ
ʲôǲֻ֪½һƣӦǻʹˣ
ʹˡҶ૵߶䣬ʵǰЩұݺǲҲԼйأ
Լ˸ɵģҶĳϸɵģһ͵ҵǵ̸ڴĳϰ²һϡͨ궼ɱ
ߣԼƨɲɾ˵ĻɣŪһʧˮļֱܱɱҪǿĶࡣϧ첻ңһǺú档ڰ֪ȫңȻҲѡϻѣҺܻӭΪҺ԰Լүָֺһһʲôо֪ϲϸءҶɭЦ
Ҫ֪ȫ㣬Ҷ췢ģûаԡӺѾȫҶֶǰһ㷴ûС
ʱҶõӺ֪һУΪѣһȦⷴ˼֮ȷ˵ȫʵӺ̣ϹҲܵˮ©𷴸õģ𰸻һµģҶŷĵİΡ
ҶӺɽһӣһеӺһɳһɳʮԶˮ֮С
ӺˮûҶĶУӦñʬҰҰȺɡṩôõ鱨沨Ư㸹һΰԭȪ֪Ҳ̫мңһ²ϲ˼šϵĻҳصɽУٴμһ飬ȷûκ˿Ȼȥ
գ̫һůӴͽ䣬ڴϵҶ۾³һоˬҶָо
ƿԺ֮УԺֲһЩ֪ĻݣǰҶҲûȥͣԺ󣬿ʲôô˳ģоҲӷҷ
ͻȻһ˫ִӱסҶ˫ۣڶ𡰲²˭
Ҷʶһɨͷ˴һɫȹ磬ƤԼ˫ۣҸ
ҶҲͷһůɵϷͯЩЦĸס˫۵˫֣зޡ
Ҷﲻ˵ֻԼ˫֣ʱ΢죬ȴۣ۾ȴһУĽͷҶı
ߴҶ·Ǹصɣľʱͨһεƣͬˮһɢ
Ҷһæǹסһ֪ͻƵǰףԼ춯ͻʧܣϢˡ
Ҳû뵽ʱͻƣ߸߲֮ͬ⣬ҪͣĸԼľͻơ
ֻǴʱͻƵʱҶԼߣԼһͻƣϵѹκοƣܻܿὫҶشᱻѹƽʱòͬû취գҶҪԼȫһ
ѹסѹԽ󣬷ԽǿۿžҪѹƲסＱöҪ޳ʱһҪ£ң


11 ʿ֮
ͷľȣȥƬ̾ͻ߻ħ
߻ߣ֮ʱѡһ䰲ңⱻ˴ţûңҲػΪ令
ΣĹͷߴҶᶨҪ£ҡ򵥵֣ȴ缱ģ˲侲·ֻصͯ꣬ҶԼڷ絲ʱ
һļУҶûƭҲỳҶĻȫϡ
붨״̬ҶһûãͿʼпࡣ
翪ʼϣѹ𽥼ǿҶоԼһ㣬ԸҶʱǿ̫ˣóڵѹҶᵱѪˡ
ʿѹ𣿹ȻǿˣǿˡƾŵѹˣҪʹֶΣǵжǿѹֱΪͬ޵СҶĽ
ʱһֱڳѾȥһʱ䣬ɢѹҲԽԽǿҶҲòӴȡҶ¾ԭ򣬵ڵӯˣߣҲݽˡ
Ƭ֮Ѿ۷塣
䣡
̵ĺˮͻȻ·˲䱻ҶﰵһãڵޱסҪ
أ
һ죬ҶͬȥڵײΧǽ֮ϣʱΧǽײ˰ߡ
ҶǱĴӵһ·ѾײãͷɢҵĴ䣬һĻҳûվӣҶҲԼٸԼһչһ룬ϲûױͿֱȥֿҪˡ
绺۾ӳǰ̮ΧǽҶõǱΣˮæ˵ҶǰҶԲûУû뵽
ҶСԴָĴ˳˿们䣬ЦҲǸ˵Ҫңʲôʱƭء㿴µ˵껰Լ˵£ʾûˡ
Ҷû£ŷתΪЦû̫ˣҪ£һӵġ־ȵصҶҪ֪ʿѹͬȼʿҲܵӰ졣ղŽʱıһʿ߶ˣû뵽û£Ҷĺǿأ
һʿ佱ҶƤҲһȣεصҲûʲôڵЩƤѣ
Ųأǿȶ߶ԺҪ޷ԺѧҲ϶ǿġһĵ
ǺǣҺܼǿģÿοҡһϢѾֿʼѾŶ˵еˣԼһļ𣬸һʿȥҫеܶ
һһ˫۾ôģβŷӦһѱסҶϲص̫ˣҶڿˣ̫ˣء
˵Ѿ̲סʼˣҶԼˣȵԼҪˣֻ֪Ҷһֱ죬Ƕôʹࡣ
ܾͬ˵İۺ۸ȴҪÿԼ۸ʱ򣬺ԥĵԼǰÿαıʱ͸¶ĲʣĿӡԺ
Ľ§뻳У˫ֹͷ˿֮УǼŮ㡣Ҷж˵Ϊʱ˵ĻǶģǿҵĸŶԷϢʱߵһС
ȡһ죬˾ѣΧ߰˸ЦĿԼʱߵ޵ݣͷ͵öԼزˡ
Ҷﵹһνа˽Լĺ£ǰЦףͼλϣôпﰡǱᣬҸղŸԣԿŮĸ죡
ҶﵲԼǰסƵĿ⣬ͷһ𡰾֪Ϲ
һƲ죬ղǶһˣԣҶһǰε߷˾죬ʲô⣬Ϲģ⵽ô¡˵һָϵһƬǽ塣
ŶģҸ˵ͷһߵҿһ£ҲˣȷʵǿҶһֵ̯
ˣҶһüô£ڹǰʧͳ
ŶʵģͷŹʱһֵʱͻȻվΧıԵˡҶһεĵ
ԭ´עⰲȫͦˣҪһЩΣյϷҶ쵭ĵȴѡΣաҧĺء
ǣ׽̵ͼλϷˡ˵Ҷ񲻾ЩĴϺĳϣһЦ
Ҷ뿪ϵĺϼȻûȥŮƤۣҶ߹ȥЦҰǴˣһ£ȥ·ȥ棡
ȵҶ»һɫۣԼϴϺҲظֿʼҶ˵Цˡ
˳ţֱ˻ĳֵĵطϪ֡ǰ˻ĳĽУ·ɣʮ·鲼
еҶǰĲнһ㣬Ĵй䣬ˣ̫עĿһɴϡһ·϶С˲٣޷ǶЩŮӼϲĲżƷʲôġ
ٽ磬˶ҲˣЯ߽һ¥
˼С˺;¸㣬һɫˡơСܣƿħ޵ƣ쳣ζֱӾ͵һŲ˵ϵļ۸ҶһʹһơȻҪٸңһӲҪٸҡ
ҶӵÿµĲҲʮңһ¾ҪԵҶĵͱˡ
˳ԷƽˣҪŻȥҶұ֤Է˶ŵ˻ĳȥ
¥ϲٶȺܿ죬û˵ȶһ˾ȫˣ˱߳Աġ緹СֻЩ߲˺͵ģĻһڲ
ּһƣŵҶ˿ΪҶŶߣȻ׽ϲʳǳʱӦöԵŶ
ҶٺһЦҲ˵ڿУڼ쳣ǲζû뵽ǰֻ˵ĶھȻлƷһħ޵ƣҰޡ
ҶԵҲʮֿģͣҶ⣬ϸĵȽһЩͷСĵ޳
Ҷ߲ܣжҳԶپǣǮѾˣ˷ѿǿɳܵΪ
ųţҶʱøһһڸγɣɢҶһæסȴȻ֣ɢ
Ҷʱ󾪡ѵжˣ


12 ۻ
Ҷ޷ֹǹɢɲ䣬ӿ֫ٺԼļա
ͺһˮɺԶĵһ㣬˲Ӱ١
ǹʧҶļһͣ·СӣڶԼôܵĸоֻһʱ䣬ǵõѿһ㣬ÿһϸ͸ޱȵˬ
ȵ壬ЩŵĿ˿Լƣû뵽ԼȻһһЩ
Ȼȷ˶٣ȷʵûҲǰû˵飬ѵ˵ҲǴԽı죿
ҶųţͻȻɫ粻еصҶ磬ôˣ
һУҶʱعָЦ治ֲùƣҪ˩ʳҸղžͲʯͷԽȥǺգ
Ҷŵı飬ǵһЦҶϲ֣
磬˵ûһֿܣ˳ԺԵɴʿ֡Ҷ̽ʵ
Ϲ˵ʲôأôܻҪ˿ֱӴӶֱֲȡôʦҩʦô𣿡
ͨħ޾˺һЩҩǱӵǺѱֱգħ޾ˣ쳣񱩣ֱջᱬġĽ͵
ҶεͷٺЦʵҲôһʣûҪôɣ
֪ҶСʱϲ쿪ɵⲻŶᱻ˱ӵءҿɲϣҳݵĸ磬˼ұŶգ۾ͷЦĿҶ
ȿȣðɣˣұ֤ΪõģҲôɵˡҶ޲һͷȻˣǱһһŮӣҶƲѡ
϶ܼȥˣҶͷ⣬ΪʳϵĲˣһ㣬Ըһ㲻ʣǸƸˮĺȹ⣬ֱҡͷ
ҶҲȷһ£ԼʱһоûСֻгƵʱ򣬲Żڲһٷ꣬ӡ
Ƚ˵ʱǸСЩɵˣϵĿ̣ǵϵĲˣԼģΪֻ˲;أֱ̫ɾˡ
ûڼԼ˷ѿɳһ˵˼ҳųԶܻὲ档λŮôҲ޷ǰϵһ
ڵСɻĿУҶһʮ߸ҳɫ˾¥
˳źѾǰΣй䣬ȵɫʱ˻صҶҡ
ǵҶſڵʱͻȻտĴſڣʱۼ˺ܶˣҶ峤ҶгϣԱ߻վֻ;޴ʨա
ʨնħޣʨӥͷϳһԳĳԸºͣʺѱǿϼ켸ҹ۹Ҫͨߡ
ʨձϾǶħޣѱף󲿷ֶڵ۹һЩӴŵУҶֻ˵Ȼе𺳲ѡ
ҶҶһڳϣĶһŮѣеĴŶʮӣһɫۣһĹ֮Ե˸Ӹ߹
ŮӣСرν̣ҲƯϧǣʹԵðˣ˺ܲ
أͻҶ˽̸ֹͣ
羪ȵصʦ֣½ʦôˣ
ҶҶһ£λ۹ӡӣλȮҶ
ӡҶһȭ
û˵ԱߵŮصôļӣΪԼʲô˻ҲдɽҰ֮һ
Ҷ˶Щɫѿ˵ƽҪ¹ģǶ߶ԣΧڣŮһ仰ڰҶҶȥˡ
״ŭ½ʦʲô˼ҶҸ磬Ҹ磬ʦд𣿡
ǸΪ½ʦ˻˵һֹ֣ҶЦǺǣҶСֵܣؿҿСʦ˵˺ܶŶҲ񽻾ӣһЩڣҪ̫⡱ӵĻҶɫ˺ܶࡣ
ĳϸǳ޵黳ȣȷǷǻ壡
ĳϵĻҶƲƲ죬ϰƨҲ죬һҲҳ黳ȣЦˡ
֪ӣͻȻҶң֪кιɰҶûݵ̲ˣʵΪ׻ȨҲϡ
ҶƽҲδصҸ½ʦ÷ʦ֮ʦûʦŵģð֮ҶСֵܼ¡˵껹Ҷһȭ
ӿˣĵֻҶԣôðһ˵ءҼǵ˵ʦ٣ôҲӦûһأôǰ͹أ
ҶòײžһҶͷ˿֣ͻȻ˵ҪߣʮֵĲᡣ
ߵ½ʦһҶĻʱЦ񻪹飬ҲҪϽЦˣӶ֪Ҫ֪ˣ
½ʦĻʱǵŭĿӣǸ½ʦװûһĳ
½ʦò˭ûзʱҶСֵҲǹʦòʵģҲ֮飡
תͷҶʦ𴫻ʦõ飬ҲǸոֻ֪Ƿ£ϸڲ֪顣ʦãʦͣ㿴һ°ɣҪϻȥУ̫ܵʱ䣬ʦģ
˵ŻһƵݸ磬ӹɨһݣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ߵҶߵҶ磬ʦϻȥأҪȫӭӡģ´λʦģҪǵŶ
˵˫Ű۵˫ջ£滨顣
ֽӵ뻳УСԴ㰲ĻȥѾˣҲᱻ̫ԶʱǾͿԾһˣ
Ҷ§뻳УѾɬͷĿҶļͷгܰɵġšһ
ӵһɷƵǲڱѾָ߬ѾУѪ˿Ѿ͸ơ
Ҷſ磬ƵϣˮȥЦҪô˸Уʵˣһȥģ
š˵ͷҶ磬ˣҪԼҧݣתʨգ½ʦһͬ
ʨ͵һХռѾɳ֮⡣
Ҳתʨգ˵߶ţˣ۶ͣ¸ǡ۹һҶʼնûԼɶԶȥıӰһ˿âѹʨճʧ˵֮С
ҶɨһԶȥıӰﰵ̾Ǹ湻ģʱ򣬻Ҫ̣ȷʵǸǿĵ֡ӵʱӵĶһֱûӹҶ֪
ҲãҶҪˣ뿪õѡһЩªĻȾ˫Ͼ
̾һת뿪ڸúúϾ͵̨ˡ


13 ӿ
ҶҺɽ΢Ҷɳɳ죬ֻּС񣬿ĴУ͸Ҷķ϶һϡ
ɭֵϢķҷÿһƬҶÿһݶԼ
Ҷһʯϣ˫ֽӡǰӿԪڻ£·һǿʯڼ˱
Ƭ֮Ҷﻺ۾һµѾ૵صȻҪȼϺܶ࣬Ѿȫǳϵĺʱһʱûڴ˳嵽죬ͿԸҶƽˣ
뵽˴Ҳԥ۾£һ𣬻ȫ׼ϡ
Ҷҵ̨ǰѾȺҶҼ֮ҶһĵҶƵ֮ա
ȫ˲֪Ȼ̫׾ԭ򣬵ҲܲµǼһܹϵҶｫ
һЩҪֵԱûа취ϵе˶ˡҶһƽڲϯԱߣΪ̨սҶΪ˱ӣڲС
ϯϹʮˣλĳ֮⣬λϹͬ֡
һҶҼҽŲҴҵҶߣҶߵ˵˼䡣Ҷɫһſڿȥֻʮ˽
һˣʮ꣬üһ̣ԼҼ
ҶǰЦҶ֮գĳҶӦòɣ
ҶĿҶ֮£һʲô죬ôʮȥˣͺ˰ˣ
ָüĵһ£еĺⲻκεΣѣ˰һֱŵģÿվӵʱҶѵһ顣Ҵĳ裬ҳᱨġҲ˵ģĦģ
Ҷ쿴һҶڲ£Լˣ㻹Ļȥɣ
ɲô˵ȻҶҼҶҿɲҶһáҽǱģ˵ǲǰϡ޼ɵЦ
ҶתͷȥһյǫѷƤЦⲻص峤˼ǸˣԼĦҲΪ˱ԵĹƽԣ峤һģ԰ɣ
ԤϵǣҶ첢ûдǵȻһЦȻˣǴͰһ°ɣվҲãñΪҶҲ֮˵㲻ˣʼĿ
ϸһۣ˶Էز죬ҶϰĹ׸߼ʨֹԵͣϰԸ꣬׳嶯û뵽˵£Ȼûе쭣֮⡣
²⣬ڲʱ򣬴λðĵȴűԵĿʼ
Ҷҵ̨ʮɣʷΣ涼һʯӹ̶ɣʮּ̣ʿϱߣȫʩΪ̨𻵡
һʱһִ̨̨վ˵Ųö׼ҶҶƶսһ̨º۽Թʹ˽ᣬκ˲º׷ҷá
΢ͣһ£˫ս볡
ǳϻ䣬һӰԾ̨ҶƣȻҶֻʮ꣬ǳϰ䣬ν׳һ˻Ҫǿ׳һЩ
ϡҶƹһȭִڼеλߣҶƲΡ
ǳֻ΢΢һͷ㲻κζҶһԣҶ֡
ǵ˰죬ҲûҶӰִ΢΢һ㶣Ҷڣ
˰죬Ȼû˻ػȫѻȸ
ףô£Ҷأ
Ǻ£˰ɣ
ôܰģذ
Уôǿ̨˾пܶأ
Ҷûе˳˵˽ȻҶȴʮϾÿ˶άԼϵġ
벻ҶҵȻӣҪǴȥ϶Ϊ˻ĳһЦϣ˵ǲǰҶ峤Ц
ʱҶܣһֱΪܴ裬һֱһᱨϧҶʮǰͻʣΪһֱͣսʦ죬Ҳͬľ磬ȻҶĶ֡
ɽ£ܹһ¶֣ȻͲŹѵõĻᡣ
ģҵĶӣɲԼҵЩӿԼҵרҪӵĿ죬ͳҶĳ꣬ôܹӲдڡҶһȻĵ
㡭վָҶ죬ҲҶ죬ϾȷʵǱĴҶġãҿӲʲôʱҽ쵹ҪǸӸҲ
ҶӵͲˣ˵˻ĳи˵ĶӣͻȻԵ޹ʵʧˡ˼춼ûҵ󲻵òʮѰˣϧˣȻƨûҵ㻹รɣǸ޶Ķӣʮа˾Ǳȥˣ
Ҷ첢֪ӺǱҶɱģҲ´̼
Ҷôһ˵ҶϴˣϾû˷񵽣ɱ˼ҵĶӣĿŵķ̡
ɫ࣬ȻµԼӿ׶༪ˣǱıߡ
ֻһ뵽ԼҪ£ǿԽŭѹ£ȥҶ졣
ҶԼĻҲûмȥüͷ°ԽСӣʲô
ҶƼҶû²мִϵҶﵨӣӦսǷʤأ
ִޱصռأҶһʱûеᱻҶң㡱˵һ֣һҽһ㣬ȼ
̨ºܶ˶̨֪Ĺأû뵽ôأҶﲻͻᱻţ˶һ
̨һǣʮҶŮۼһ𣬿̨սСȭͷ
诽㣬˵Ҷ᲻
ǰҲ֪ҺõŶ
ҶҲţü֮䣬Ѿܲһϸϸ㺹̾˿Ҳ֪ҵϣҪ
ǲĻҪţĻҶÿأ
ˣֿܻᱻɱô찡˼ˣ
ҶǰɢļͷỬʣһ˿ӵصڵҲûã޷ıʲôֻܰĵȴˣ
ߣǸҶģģû뵽ôƽʱ۸ҶﻹҪ𣿡
֪һ㣬ѾյĩˣִϿֻʣһСصͷıԣҶƻ񡭡
šһڳÿһ˵ĶС˼һȥϴ˸裬ٵˣ
һɫ޳Ӱһһ̨ǽŲ·̤ǵͷôһ
һɫ̨ۣϣüĿϴһ˿΢Ц̨µŮ˵̫ɱˣƽϤһЩŮһС
ҶŮؾһ΢Цֶ̨µҶŵĵͷŶִϵԿʼ𣡡
ִϿһۣһ˿ɫָֻǰĮԿʼۣ


14 ʼ
Ҷ̨ǰǧ˵ĿĶ̨ϵӰصǺо
һǱصĺĵӣһǱΪļӣֻ֮һܹԱ˼Ҷ˵Ƿǳ顣
ҶĵҶƲƲ조û뵽㻹ˣҲ֪˵أǸ˵һ֪
˿ҶƣصͲ˵е磬ԭĄ̊́ܺôˣѵ˵⼸ϣӳࣿ
ΪҸһҵֻǹʾѣû뵽㻹Ϊ㣬̨Ҳˣ˭ҲȲ㡱ҶһЦ
ǺǣҶ˵֪ˣû뵽Ҳܽǲ˼顣ôаɱңҶһɵЦ
ϻ˵̨ϣ峤Ҳ֣ܲƾʲôɱһķҶƲмĵ
ɣҪ˷ʱˣñүʲôͣȡҵҶǰһҶư˰֣ʾ֡
ȻôżͶ̥ôҾͳȫɣ￴ȭ˵䣬һȭҶŴ
ȭͷδȭͷϱߵľ磬ѾҶͷ衣ȭͷŻһʱҶһɵı˹ȥ
û뵽ҶﲢûмܣҶƱԼȭͷһǰ˼Ǳͣ¡
ȻĲϣһ¾ʹ˶ʺľУˣȻǶҵݡҶҡͷһϧĵ
һʮֽŵıԣҶһ仰ǵ̨ЦֲЦ
ҶŮҲݸҶ֪֣Ҳʲôϡ
쵰ղҴˣοôĹͷ˵ŻһȭҶϮ
ҶβûжܣҲһȭصһɾײ˸Ժ˼
µ˴һӸղŵĹϿҶȻҶƴƽ֣̫ǵˡ
Ҫ֪ҶһֱΪصľ磬ŨȺԶԶ޷ѾҶƵıġ
ҶҵļλҲǳһ͵͵һҶ죬ҶһƵı飬°ƣѵҶѾܹˣ
쵰죬ƭӡҶһܻĵ
˭˵ģ죿Ҵû˵ɣΪǰˡҶĵ
ãΪǣڿԸңʲô˰ɡҶƵ
кηΪҶӲ۸С֮£һҸǲͬڵľһľ磬ôڲú˰ɡҶ˱ӣһνĵ
ҶĻȫһƬȻ
ʲôҶү겻Ϊʼˣ
֪ʲôʱʼģ
ˣȻҲͨҶӵһԴܺĵӵĴѽ
ԭΪҶһѺҶҲһҶҲĻôٲھôԿⳡԻӮϣ
ԭһҶ죬ҶĻҲͷһǰȥҶ﷿ʱҶ˵ոͻ죬ô̶̼Ĺ򣬾ֽˣٶҲ̫˰ɡ
Ϻĳ϶һۣ˶ԷľȣʵΣ
ҶƴӸտʼ𾪣𽥵ƽмصΪΣɸı䲻㱻ɱף㿴ʵ
˵껰һǿҶƵڱŷ˲̨ҶվǱ졣
ģǿ
ɣҶƲΪôôǿ
ǿ̶ȣӦôﵽľ˰ɣ
ҶҶͻȻŷƣһ˿ĹâѸٱѹĿǰ
Ҷô˰ɣڵҿӵΪһĲôҶڹǰҲ󷢴ȱȫʬҲδɣҶһĿҶ
ҶƵҶﲻмƲƲ죬ƸǷΧһƨѣܸԼв
һصѽտʼ˵һ㶼ûû뵽㻹ǳأֲõô㡣Ϣ꣬粻ȣǷһǿд߷ǱϰɡһҲͻսʦˡ
һϧĿҶơΪɱңԼĴǰ;ȥˣģ̫ˣ˼ŵĺôҲٰɣ
ᵽ£ҶҲһĿǱΣôô뵽ɱҶõľ޴ôʱһƬȡ
ҶٷϻζҪҵҲû峤ݣɡ˵ŻҶЦһ˫ȭգѸתһǿ֮С
оڵ˫֮ϣ֮䷢âڵһţҶＱڿҶǰʱ˫צֱ̽ȡҶƽ׵ͼսӥצ
ɫƽĿżϮ˫צҶȭǰӳ
أ
һ죬ɢαˣ˳ʮͣ
ûһҶҶһŵصôܣôܽӵҵĹ쵰һǿ֮ĩˣ
ϵĻҳҶƽصǲǿ֮ĩԾ֪ˣ
쵰ҶƷҰһŭٴҶ﹥ҶҲڶܣȭ졣
̨µĹЩմˣ̫˳ˣǵЩʹ
ҶԭķүΪȻ֪졣ΪֻҶƣһͻƵ˾졣
ھǾҶƣȻκβҶǵʵ̫ˡ
û뵽Ҷүôˣܹʤǿ
У㶮ʲôү걾ţʹﵽ죬ֻǲ֪ΪЩһֱͣͲǰ
ǺǣҶϣһˣ֪ܲͻƵս𣡡
ҶʵͻȻ죬Ҷ诵һᵽɤˣһ˫ָǽıǰĿ֮д˵ǡ
ԾĶ֣Ҷɲ·磬ǵĲ𽥵ķ£̾˿Сһﰡ㻹ĵ
ĳϸϽЩסˣһԲԶ͵͵ĵݹȥһ޵ɫĵͷ
ùµҶƣԵü첻ɱҶԼҲֻ·һˡ
Ȼ϶ԼɫһҧαˣŤصⶼҵģ
˵Żӻͳһ۴Сҩ裬СƬ̼䣬ɫ죬˫۲˿ֲѪ˿ͷϸǲѪܱ𣬷·ܿ±ѪҺ
ˡͬһҶ


15 
Ҷ˲ı仯ȫʱһ󾪺
Ҷɢɱ⣬ͦվҪ̨θնһԼǰ
ǴϡĳϺЦĵҶΪ
סԼˣҶԽı䡰ⶼǲ߻õİɣû뵽ǾȻݺԼˣѵǾͲĴ𣡡
峤ˣֻ֤һ¶ѣʵ֤ǵľȷģ峤㲻Ҫƻ𡱴ϵĵ
쵰ǾȻҶƷ˱սһΥ桱ҶָŴϵıӵ
峤ˣҳԣҪ˵ֻ۾ıǸˡһĲں
ããıѾãҾͿǵ˭ҡҶ콹Ҷܵ˺°ż˵껰һȭǰ
һֵסҶһȭЦƽʱҿܱһߣǽˣҿôȥĿŶǺǣǲǺʹİ
Цǣϵ˰̣λվ࣬Ҷ졣ʮλҶҼҽͼλΧϡ
ϸҶŵһĻڳҶӵܿһͷˮ׵׷ʲô
ϡĳϣǵʲôһһֱϵˣı峤ǼǿҪˣ
˵£ֻҪҶˣǶ뿪ҶңӴ˷ɻڴ˭Ƶطĳϲмĵ
ҶЦãҵҪǽûܷɻڴתͷҶˡҶĳѱ䣬ҽ£зɱۣͬߣ԰崦
䣬һץһѳ䡣ɲǼ䣬ϸɫĹâΧĿ类˺ѿһ㡣
϶һ㾡ȫĹҴ⣬ϴϣ˲һ
˶սʦǿߣƳһʱ䣬Բʮڣ˸ҿ
ϸĳҲˣһڳϣҲҵԼĶսһ󲿷ֵĳ϶ŵ棬ڲǴһϵˣʽֹܲۡ
ҶҵӵҲףһȺͷӬһ㣬֪øʲôƽʱǣлսʦǿȫսľ档ֳɢǿƣŵɫ԰ףɪɪ
̨ϣ˱Ҷƣ±߻ҵĳ棬ͷҶ˵ûɣһ㸸ҲȲ㡣
ҶƵĻҶδţ±üͷ𣬰˵Ӧóˣôڻһ㶯ûУ
ҶüͷһԲҶƸŵЦղŵĺأôڲŰıĿ¶˳СԶǸûõķС
ɨҶһۣתͷ󺰵ִϣΥ涨̨ϷýҩӦ㷸ɣ
ҶΥ涨ʹ÷֧͵ߡջʤߡҶʤ߿Ծʧߵһ̨ϣִϿд
̨µĵӶһ㶣ʱˣִֹܽǲеɵˡ
ϲģѵ㵽ڻʽҶѾ군ˣٹ£ȵĻűʲôáҶƶִϺȵѾѾκεη塣
֪СѾǽ֮Ȼ򡣡˵ŻһһҶơ
ת֮£û뵽ִϾȻʱȻҹС
˭óҶҴȨѾڴУƣҶ츸ӷǳĲִʱվ˵ϡ
쵰Ҷ𣿸ϿɱҶٵʱˣ䡱ڼеĴϸеһȻЩסҶĹɱ֧š
ִҶƸûϵĻҶƣֶҶһƻƳ
ҶȻ˱Ѿﵽ߾ҵı׼ʿǰȻ㲻ֻҧӲƴ
Ҷƴˣ׼ִһʱһҶҵĹ㳡
ϣǸʲô鶼ܱһ㡣ŵˣȻʱˮ¹شϷԲĴһ۵ӰͻȻ̨֮ϣҶ֮ǰִϾһơ
ɣһССϣҲҳצ߶ִϲмĵ
û뵽ǣƽƽһƣͻȻɽ˶һƣ߱𵹷ɳȥһһѪ
쵰ʿ佫ǻϲǵѪɲĵ
ߵĻȫ˰սеˣĻ¹ƣ̨
սǱսʦҪһ׵ߣ۹սҲǸеĸˣû뵽ȻҶҲһ
ϣҪһ͡ǻɭɭ
ȱŭҽͣҶȷʵʿûҶµĶ֪İίޣ߻ĺúõģû뵽ôıʡ
ǷҶﵽľ磬ȻܸҶƴƽ֡
ҶƷ˱Ҫ׼ɱҶɱһ佫֡
ƫƫִҶƣԼĵϵѱ֮¾Ȼһ±佫ôϼҪץˡ
ִͻȻЦ÷ôഽˣµĿ˵һĨ˲һʮģ
쵰Ҷȥˣ㵽˭Ϻ
˭Ͳͷ㵣ˣǵһԼɡ˵ĵ
۾˵Ҳ˭뿪˻ˮ˵ģ
ϻ˵¼ȻˣͲỢͷβ˳ɣҿ㵽мＸЦ
ãȻ㲻֪ͲҪˣղֻǲСĵ㻹Ϊ㲻ɡɱ˫ֶγһס
̨˿õһΪﵽ佫ӵеļܣγףǹ룬ˡ
սγɵףһ׷ߣԸǿ
˼״ҲԥҲͷųԼףһѳɭĺӱɢóϵ˶оͷһ䣬Ƥս
찡ȻǱ
ǰֻ˵û뵽ܼ
һƬȻΪֻбɢԼ
߼üͷһ壬һΣһλεķˮ̳УȻҲһѱ
ֻһУȥɡ˵Żеķˮ̻һ⣬ֱȡ˵ʺ
гһһĽ
һ졣
ɵĵס˻ߵһʽˣ˳ƳбãߵҪ
Լһ׵סһҴ⣬ˮ̼ӣס
䣬ǣ˷ֲӰ
ӰͻȻձɽͳ֮
˽ನ˺ԼˣѡһԶĵطս
Զȥ˲ŰĿ·̨ϡ
ҶƿҶҧгݵص쵰ȻƵҷñһһƬһƬİ˺飬ܾĥͷ֮ޣ


16 Σ
ʱҶƣͬ˵Ķһ㣬ĶҶ
ҶںЦЦ̾˿ѾӳȫĹȣڵҲûκεüֵɴ˿ѾûˣȻôңҾֻ»Ȫˣ
˵˻˸ĺͬУ̵Ҷ˫ۣȻЩֱҶ۾
ҶĻҶƲĺһӿһֲõԤУﱬɢǿָ㹻ģЦŪ飬ôҲסСȥɣ
ҶƲ˵ڱڣЧʱɱҶҩЧһ̻״̬ûظ
һִ߷͵ҩ˶ʱڱǿı׶Ҳͬǳ֮󣬶ĸɺˣǲɳ֮ء
ʹ߾𣬾Ѫ飬һ൱ڡ
ҶԵһıǿھѪսɴ˲ĺ֢ӵĴ󣬺пܻɲзϡ
ǰƱˣҶҲǱΣѾƵ̶ֳȣɱҶԼֻ·һ
뵽˴һŵ棬ֱӶҶûκȫȫƾǿսҶѹ
Ҷ۾ԽԽҶƣһڵ͵һ̤ǿʯȳ˼ƣҽ͵˦
飡
һһӰͬͶʯȥʯͷһ㣬ʮԶһԱߵҷǱĹɲֹͣ
һľҶһȵŴͣ۾͹ˣΪǷ֣ɳȥ·ڵصˣҶ
Ƿ˱ս߾Ҷƣ˼ҶǱĴӵҶȴվԭһƵı飬ѵһ¿ˮ
⡭ôܣ
ûҶôһӱô
ҶȻҲսУһʼչעҶҶȻɴҶƣŵĶʱ
Ҳע̨ϵı仯ֻǵȴޱȱ䡣ľ磬ɴһӵҶƣȻ߲ߣȻһڵĲܶԸġ
ζʲôζҶһţܹԽսšɳȥôԼֻ·һ
ϴһҶ㣬ȥҶɱˣνһ
Ҷ㱾̨£ûдлָͻȻϵһ£ʱ˸ս
ڿɲ˵֮ѾǼ䣬ԼʤˣôִҶҡʧˣ¾ͻֹ׷ɱ
һҧҶվ˵ǶˣҶ︸ڽӡһɱҶұ֤ǽңڻøӿ
䣬ҶʱʮҶҵӣǴˣԥУû̸ȥ
ҶаһҲûеվʮ˶ԼĸĿǰʵ㹻ɱҶˣûվˣֻԺʰת˱̨
ͻȻһӰסҶȥ·ҶŭĶҶ벻ǾȻô޳ܣݺҶȨλ̫ˡֻҪͲ˺Ҷģ
ҶһģҶͷһߺޣԭҶ诶ԼãҲ㻵û뵽⼸ռ䣬ΪҶԵʣ˵Ĺϵչ
诣ʶʱΪܣǸѾɽˮˣֺοءҶĵȰ
һҶŭͬҶˣ˸Ϊ˼ձû뵽үүһȺǣȻԸԼˣҪҶأ
ˡҶ㱻ŭ𡰱֣ͬ棬û뵽ȻҪѵΪƾΪ赲ס޴
Ҷ诸ҪػᣡᣡȺӰվҶ诵ԱߣƽʱҶｻõļŮӡ
ô˶𣡡
ͿȺ˲˳ˣ
У֪ӲҪֵô֣ôȥҶﵥأ
ŮߴߴĶҶıо˼ҵ
Ҷһ࣬һף߰˸ͬŮӣסȥ·һʱ֮䲻֪ôӦ
ҶȻ̨սʶһֱ̨ܣΧһУ
ƽռŮӣȻôؼͷͦʱоůůġ
ʮ⣬ǱҶƣ˹ȥҺ͸˵Ҫ۵ġϧƫƫͬҶ֮һһʹ죡
˵һ嵽ֵҶǰһȭ
ҶƼæܣҶȭͷĶͷľ磬εۣºȻôô
ûʩչһ󱳶ʱһʹͬһ㣬˶ǰ˳ȥ
۵һ³һѪή˲٣˫۴޾Ŀ־忴Ҷ㡭㲻ҶħһǻþⲻģҲ㣡
ҶŭһһҶȭûκ·
ҶﱻҶͻʽŪЩæҡ׻˵ĺãȭʦΪû취жϣһʲôλ
ҶףӢ۴ʱΪʲô˷ŷսôǿ
ҶֻøζӴһ湥ʵΪǡ
̨ѾҶƣ°Ǳ׶εԤףҶٳһᣬҶԼͻȥ
ҶڸһȺŮӶţ´ŭƿҶ㣬׳գϽȥɱҶʲô
ҶҲһίɱҶһ㶼ԥǶЩ绨ŮʵЩ²ȥ֡
쵰ԥʲôɱҶǶ˭·߾ɱ˭һߵֵҶĹһЪ˹صغ
һģʱ©ҶһСüʱܿҪļʱԮֻǼͷһӣֱ۶ᱻ
ҶصɱҶûôףԼôɣ
϶ʱҲҴ⣬СӦţѾϾ˼ҶǱˡ
Ҷ״һҧһ˭Ǿɱ˭
ʱҶĵӶ׷׳˱ȻбҶ诵ɱ˹ȥ
λŮʱ뼫ȱ֮УǶûдҲû뵽ᷢ
ҶֳֳҶսһȻҶûбҶʱսƽ֡
ҶߵļŮӾμ׾ˣҶԷ棬жɱ֣ƽʱдȫһ
ʮغŮӾ͹Ҳˣѩ׵·ϣѾ˰߰Ѫ
Ƕҧûһ˳սȦ֧š
Ҷ诰øҶҲҶصĵӣǴϵİõ֧ţǳʵҶһʱҲò
Ǽ䣬ȻһŮļУһŮڵأԱһѳֱȡʺ
ΪԼҪ˵ʱǰһֻ֣һסǱĳѪ˳Ž⻺䡣
һͬԾĵĴ˵ĶСԼͬŮӶŹȺļһͱҴɱˣ


17 ɱ
ǸŮʱſվԼǰӰȻߴ󣬵ȴܴݸޱůϢ
ҶǸŮӾһ
Ҷĳ֣ʱҶӪҶҵһңҲ
Ҷ˻ͷһ̨ǰͬһҶƣѾ̨һ֪
ҶһɱǸֽҶҵӣеĺʵһ㣬ǸҶҵӶʱͬ׹ѡ
ƴԼĳǳ·ҶһƵģô˿
žһ졣
Ƶĳ۶ϣҶֳֶϽûǸҶҵӷӦϽѾĲӡ
ѪȪһӿҶҵӶʱӵеĽ˫Ųͼѹס˿ڡǸֹסѪϵĴָ
˵Ǻϣֻһ죬Ѫӿĸԭ־˫ۣʧȥ˹
ž
ڵϣ鴤˼¾Ͳˡ
Ҷҵӵ˫ʱֹͣսԭվһԹ۵˸ѻȸ
ЩȻƽʱҲдսżҲѪˣǴûս
һˣԼǰɱжʱ˿־塣
ѪȵϢ˵ıǿףʱѪӿŮӸǲ׷˺ڿŻ
Ҷ˻еĶϽԼǸҶҵӵѪӽ⻺䡣
Ҷһ˿ȣûκεηͷУַݵá
һֳ嶯еĽǰһ˵ȫɱ⡣Ҷһݣǿѹֳ嶯
еİضϽָҶˣûκηϻֱӳ˹ȥ
ҶﱼҶһߺһϣɱ
ʮ˶ʱųҶΧ
ҶһܹһҶҵӵĳһȭصؿڣʱؿݣһѪһЩ顣
ֽҶҵӣҶˡ
Ҷ׼ΧͻһӰԼ˹׷׼æܡ
Χ֮⣬ҶչǰڲѧĿֲɱеĶϽͬݵ˲Լĵ֡
˸ոյأҶеĶϽͬذһ㣬ֱӴ˵˵ࡣ
գ۵ĹҶѾˣ˲־壬׷ȥ
һȺĻ䣬ʲôʱôѪȵĳ棬мѾȷˡ
ǸղڵĳΪһȺŮӣһȺ˶ڣŸҳ֡
ɱһֻϻһһֻѪϻʱǸղŵĵʱɢмˣҶɱȾѾɲվվˡ
ҶҲǱҶѪֶŵһϣû뵽ƽʱųҶȻ֣ɱ۾ûգһ¡
еĶָҶ˵֪ǶǱҶġҸһλᣬҿǲߣĸǵ³
ЩЩ춯ҶһصǱ˵ҸһϡֻҪɱǾ󹦸ˣҪƣ
ҶûҶ㣬Ŀǵֻʱ䣬ͶĻôǾֻеȥˡ


֮˷׷׷˳սȦ
һ
˿Ҷ߻ʣµ߸ˣҡҡͷѾ御ˣȻǲ֪ڸģôͲҪˣ
еĶϽ£Լû󰵽ֶܿԵСѶϽУذʹûԣ˵ײԼҲˡ
żһһѱǰڵصĵҶС£ͦ˳֡
ϸһĨ壬һεƶʱҶˣٵ˼ȥǿƾȻȫڡ
ͷ󺧣æתȫҶӭȥ
䡱һ죬ĳҶ˶ʱˡ
սеģǹսеģ۵Ҷͷһ£ҶҲ⡣
Ҷ˺ȻҲסҶһһغ«һ㣬Ǳĺˡ
ҶﲢûиǴϢĻᣬ浶ߣһնһûӵҶӵܣء
һ߽һ˵°飬һӰʣµļˡ
һʱҽ֫ҷɣҶҲͷһݡ˺ֶҲһ⻹ԼǸһųĶ
Ҷӵʱ򣬷ΧһƬûаϢ
֫壬鲼ԼΧһ˫۾Լ·ԼͬںĶվѩУ±˫۾ͨ͸
ЩŵǣֻʣһˣĶˡԴӳһֱүүգҶһθо£о־塣
˿ڿˮҶƽʱݣ˿̾ȻҲ֪˵ʲô
Ҷһϵı䣬ͰЦôҶ磬˵ʲô𣿡
ҶȻЦˣҶʱתϣҶܣʵⶼЩᣬûɱ˼ֻŻŻѣ
Χ⻰ƲƲ죬ʱ򣬻˵ĻҶƤһĺ
ҶﱻҶĻˣһϷʵĿ͸˵ǵ̸ıơҷҴˣ
Ŷ⻰ô˵Ҷ㼱æ
Ϊûӣôô߼ĶôɵЦ˵СӶƭǿҶЦ
ҶһԭεѾǵͨ죬ͬ˼Ѫһ㣬صͬˣͼı棬أ϶Ҫġ
˶ټˣҪҶ˶ҲҸһƽĻᣬңɱңͿˣ
˵꣬дѪĳָҶ㡣
صգѹ˺ЩѣЩǰҶ㣬;ˣΪԼǰľ߸еҡ
Ҷ诵ŮҲ𽥵ӦѪȣŻ£ȻɫҰףɫӵĿҶ
ҶҲɬһ䲻ĳͺǷ𺳲ѡ
ҶץеĳгԹҶȻ֪ôͻȻôǿ󣬻һֱءǽȻûܾȵ㣡
ǺǣһҲ֪ҿȷһ£Ǿ϶ȲǸˣ
Ҷﲻ˵żڵһ㣬˳Ҷ㣬ббĻ
ҶҲҵʮֵСģҶ潻ӣһζıá
ϧǣԣԽǱãԽҶ磬Ҷ㱻Ƶı޿ɱܣٽ񵲣Ǳһɡ
ǿͬ˸ͷһ㣬һѪǱڵϣѾս
ҶﳤϵأҶ㣬淢̶Ħ·һ㣬޾ѹ֡
ҶǰҶһƽеĳ
ҶҪǸұؽʬΡϵŭ𼱴˹
ҶǹһĨЦеĶû˿ͣ٣Ҷ䡣
״Ъ˹׵ĺ㻹ָʱѵҪǶ𣡡
һ㶣ûôµʱ
Ҷʱоһɺ⣬һĹֱԼĺġ
СġҶѡ


18 ɱʿ
ܵǹĺ⣬ҶһŤһѱĳҶ廮
ڡһ졣
͵Ϯû뵽ҶȻ£ܶԼıɱһƲֱӴҶʺ
ҶڵϣŴеĳΡΡָˣ˼£˵ЩʲôʲôҲû˵
ͻıʣȫ˶һ
ϸһ
սУҷĹʱеıߣȫйҶϡֺһЩܾ˵ʽ
һת䣬ƶʱתԭƱҶѹȴʹҶ·硣
ʱ˲ע⵽֮ˣʮңҶҼҽķΣȴһףûһʶ
Ҷ￴ˣ̯̯ЩεصɱҲģ
㡱˶ʱСӣٸ˵ղűӹһ٣ĺҲ͵Ϊֹˣ¬ϣҲĸ
Աʱһɧ
ʲôǶд¬壡
˵һֱ˻ĳͨôܵ
Ҳ˵ɱðߣϱʮ
ǰҲʿǿߣôһֱûץ벻
ҶһԼ·б۾¬ԭǳĶдһ˵ĶԸһڵĲ񣬶Ҫ͵Ϯ
촽ֽ֣¬һĿӶ˵˵ǣ͵Ϯûɹ˵ģû뵽ɴһ˼졣˼Ҳ֪ĻΪһأ
ұ족Ҷɫࡰ֪СҾ֪ŭүʲô³
һҶĹע£˺ѿһ㣬졣
ƾճֵ¬壬ҶŮҲһ
诽㣬ô죬Ǹ¬ʿǿߣҶ֧Ų˼غϵġһŮӽĵ
һսеˣҶεصǼֻܸҶѹʲôΣգ֧ԮϣܳŵܵˣǾоˣ
Ů˵ͷ
ƿնĳҶĿ֮أʿǿ߶ãԶһ߿ɱȡ
ڵȫת˿һϵĳųȥ
һ죬Ľ
Ҷеĳܲס¬һą̂
ͻıʣ˴󾪣ҶŮӸʧС
һڵĲȥԸһʿߣҲ
ǰҶֳ˫սôΪ֧żغϲǡ
Ҷûע⵽ҶȻķɣȴԭ̩ɽ
һҶĳɣ¬Ҳһ㶣ǰҶֳսԼҪɱҲҪʮغϿ⣬û뵽׾͵ˣѵǰѾǿ֮ĩ
ɻͻҶǻһĨЦһв
ûȷӦҶԭһֱµ֣Ȼ̧ȭͷΧһ㵭ɫĹâ
ֻһͺȣʯȭ
أ
Ҷȭͷص¬ؿڣ¬岢ûбҷɣûк˰벽
վҶﱳˣ˰ΣҶղʯ쾪һȭ¬壬кá¬ȻһȭʱΪһƬ졣
ˣȴʱһԵߵһɵŴͣһҲ
ҶȭͷֱӴ͸¬ţӺ̽ȭͷϣһЩ飬Ѫȭͷ£ڵѪ÷
¬岻ŵĿؿڣоԼڷʧãȻĿҶ૵صôᡭ
һأĴҶȭͷ䣬޾ã벻ʡ
ҶӻͳһĽϵѪֽ¬ʬϡ
ƽһ飬Ҫ˵ղŲţƭ˵ġȻҶǿǻ޷һʿ
üı¬עֿͲбԼеĻᡣ
Ҳ¬̫ˣս֮ǰֶûпҶȭͷֻὫ˶޷
ȻʿʦһףǿγһܣܹһĹ
ϧ¬Ҳûлˣֻܹһʱ⡣ƽʱԸһڲҲϧҶʱȻԵôĲʡ
תΣΧٺҶڣ˰࣬д˲ûв룬޹Ҳ޹
Ҷ峤ǣϼɨ棬֮ǰΧҵģҲԲƽϡͷǻҸˮ۵ģһϳͣ
˻еԥҶɫһ䡰˵ĻǼΥ߼ҷãϣ
ǰҶ˵ЩضһƬͱģǽ쾭սҶѾҶѪֶˣһ£˶ҵ׷׿ʼΧϵһϵˡ
սϵľƶʱҶһ仰ŤתǴҲû뵽ġ
ԽԽҶҵӺͼҽļ룬ûʱ䣬ĳϺͼΧϷ׷ױס
ҶЦߵҶһŮǰľϹлλҶмȽ˽ᣬСһھƸλѹ
Ҷԭһɱ˲תΪһڼкһ㣬ʱѼŮӸһ㶡
սϵҶƽʱһȣֱˣǰȴԵøƽ׽һЩ
˵ŮӴʱѾϣ˼ǱߵսȻ⣬ȻѾǴѶ
һŮЦÿŶһٷǴˣɲҶδķ緶Ŷ
ǸǰŮӣʱѾָ򶨣ҶЦҶǰסչ¶ӢӡԺС
Ҳԣ̫СˡСܾλһܿ˰ɡҶϲգҲŵ٩
⻹࣡
һ꣬Ҫˣ
ûϵߣģ
Ҷ˵һӻҵǴӾлƽֿʼ׷׶Ҷը
ҶղŵӺŶ
ҶϹ˵Ҫ˵ղŵӺ¸ң˲Ӣۣ
Ҷܸܰܲңɱ˵ʱʲôо˷ܣΣ
Ҷʱͷشǵ⣬ֱȸղսۣҶŮȺʱѾͷ󺹣ò׶ĲŰǺƭȥ
ȫĴսѾֹͣĳϵһˣ׽ýʵԶΪǸء
ԶҶ˵սҶ˼սսܶǷ˼ǿ޷
սϲƴƴսǺעʵսɣǿʵֱȥѹԷ
ǰҵܶ࣬սսʤԷҶޱȷḻսͼɣҲʤǿɱ¬塣
˵ϰսҶϰߵɱˣѰ˼䣬һԶҶӣ


19 ͷ
ҶŤͷȥӰһǰһٵĳﱼ
ٶȶ죬Ƭ̼Ѿ˽ǰŷ֣ǰһǰֵĻǿߡ
߽ģװִϵˣǰһġ
ԭȻսҶߵת䣬ҲС
ǻû뵽ҶȻһ·漣ԼһֶζһһƳ
ۼҪܴɣȻȫ˶һƣ֮ƮȥתֱҶﱼ
˼״һս˲£ҪսʤҲѣǻһҲס
ֱҶȥʱͼæѡ
Ҷտ˵ĿܡͻȻ´󺧣ʱһһǿѽԼԼͬʯѹһ㣬Ȼ޷
ڱһսǿߣҶ֪£Լû취ѡ
ҶһҧĿ־ѹ££ԼűߵһѴ󸫼У˫۽ĶŻˡ
˼ҶﱻԼȻû¶һ˿ңһѸӶ
˶ʱ¶һЦݣżԶľһȭӳʱһȭһͷŭʨҶ
ⲢʨӣǴﵽս佫ǿ߲ӵеļܡΡ
սʦǿߣԽ۳׽з޷ͷй
ҶΪսʦǿߣȻ֪һǿ󣬾ʿУҲɡ
ҶȫʱޱһϺʱ˼ҶûҶＱӣкȵĪţΪǰ㣡
ǻ˷һҶЦ˭ҲȲӣ׷ˣһɣ
еķˮ̣һâҶն䡣
ҶǸߣͷ깥ȻԼ׷˻һЩ룬Ҷ´󼱡
ӭķˮӶеĳŻͷ­ն䣬ȫļơ
üͷһ壬Ȼ佫ǿߣҪǱҶ쿳һȻɲԸܾˡ
һջеķˮ̣Ҷĳ
һ𻨷ɽҶ챻ؿһѪӿѪеĳϸǱһСȱڡ
ûԼƣתͷҶϾҪײҶϣѣһ
ڳˣһһ佫ǶǸ߸ϵĴڣû뵽޳ܵһ߶ǵ֡
ŮӱǰıŵľС
ҶСģ
㿪
Ҷ诸ʹıĿᣬ˳Ͼգ䡣
Ҫ侲ˣҶ˫䶢ǰɵʨȫתע˫֮ϡ
ȵҶﻺ󸫣ǰһҿ
ȫޱдͬһ磬ʨӺݺ䡣
䡱һ졣
̵ͬĺˮܿӿʯ䣬ɳ
ҶΪģ񱩵ɨȫһЩϽҶӵܣʱĺɳȥԶʱɫҰס
ԶһЩˣҲǱ˺˼վΡ
ʧҳɢǾȵŴͣŵĿǰ
ԭҶڵλãѾըһɷԲĴӣڴӵģҶ飬ͷɢң²֪ж˿ڣѪȾˡ
еľ޸Ѿ飬ֻʣһıȻǱҶȻͦ΢ÿҷ¶һ˫ĿԲ֮⡣
ۡһѪ
Ҷղ㾡ȫȻס˹ǿķѾ˼อ
ҶҶ诵һӦȥһѷסҶæӻͳһƿ浹һҩ裬ֱҶĿС
ҶʹҶ诵Ļϵ㣬ҩ¸УŽߵЦ诱㣬Ǽ壬һȡһŵƷҩɿˣ
ҶĨĨϵˮһ죬ʲôʱˣЦҶҪˣ
ҶҪػͷһҶ诣Ա߼
Ҷ诱ҶﱧŹأʱûһϢͷǼҶǳյζ
Ů֣ͨ죬ڴͥɺͳҪѵҶһն䡣
ۣ
һѷˮ̣˸ղͣĵطǸղҶﱧܿ˶ɥ֮¡
ԭ߼ҶԼһ֮£Ȼû漴ϢĶԼķˮ̣ûҶȻ㿪ˡ
쵰
ɣ
ŭҶһߡ
ǰսΪҶ֣Ѿʧݣһ֮ûɱҶֱɵ͵ϮⱰɵоߡ
Լɱ֣ûҪҶɫΪѿ
ҲͷˣҪɱһ߶ǵĲѾЩ޵ˡ
ΪҲнڡʧ֣֪ԼһӶ̧ͷˡ
һʱ߳ŭû˵Ĺں󱳣ֱҶ
Ȼû뵽߻᲻ԼĹ˵ıж˻ߵĺϡ
Ƿ·նһ㣬һҶĵֱӱˡ
˵ĳصնڻߵıϣȻҲһȻһǿڡ
һѪûһ˿ͣɳҶϮ
Ҷ诼߶Ҷ͵һҧҶ§뻳УԼ彫Ҷס
ͻȻһлл㣬诽㣬Ҷûжڱ˱ϰߣ
һůԼͷһ£һҶ诱һɴ˳ȥ
ҶĿһۣԼͳҶ诣ֽͷϵһ
˫۱ĿԼĻߣԼѾʣȫе֣ȫ񶼼ڻߵ֮ϡ
ҶĿԼ߸ӵŭԼǵһαһ߶ӡ
˫ƻצɼָ֮ŷĺâҶ˫ץ䡣
ץУҶȻ̼䱻˺Ƭ
ߵƣ˺Ҷд󼱣㿪
λ߲ûʹҶʵҶȫѡܣԼ˵ɻΣ
ǲ֪ΪʲôҶôĿŻߣһӱܵ˼ûС
ȥСӣ
ȥϹ
ͬʱһ˫צץҶ˫磬ҪҶ˺ܽͷ֮ޡ
ڻ߹ͬʱҶֽƿ֮Żߵۼ̶ȥ
ڴʱҶʶеĶϽһһιâ˲鲼ҶȫҶԼûв
߶ҶĹ⣬ǾҶ̳һɲǣʱһԼۣԼȻû취ܡ
´󺧣Ҫﵽսʦܰ쵽ġѾû취˼飬ۼҪܾˡ
ܽҶ˺飬ҶȻǰϹ۾°ûѾֻӲͷƤͦȥ
ǽ˫һǰҶͻȻʧˣߴһæһȻûҶӰ
һϵҰ˻ĳҰǲǻòͷˣ


20 ˻ĳ
Ҷ׼ܾˣ֪ԼɣԼеĽ̴ܷ򣬹Уʵûаա
ȻԼһᣬֱһһֻץס˱۰ֱƮ˰ա
̧ͷпȥֻһĸߴˣһҶһԳĵɫĳڶ
찡Ȼǿߣ
ôǿ߶ˣ
ޱ𺳣սѾԶԶǵսʿսʦսһð˿𺳵Ǵ
ӿţȻһһ˫ɵĳ򣬾ı־û˲ʶ
ʩչԮ֣ҶҶæǰлԮ֣Ȯӣ
Ҷֵܿˡ򣬻ڵϣſҶļĵҶһӣ죬Ҷҽɻڴָտɴ
תͷŻȻһ佫Ȼһ߶ɱ֣治֪Ƥʲôģ
ǻŭ˷磬ҪΪڰ˻ĳǵôͿΪΪˣҸ㣬ҽǷ£ҪֵĻ
С˷һмصƾһȵĹҲвңΪҲ֪ĺ̨˭ˣҲҪұϹϾģʲô
㡭ҳԲѷҿǴ治ѵͲһͷ𡱻ߵ
˷絭صҴٲͷҲ֪ڿҪͷˣ˻ĳǾȻҵϽɱˣǿɱ㣬һι˻ģ
˷һһȥÿһϵƾͼӴһ֣ߵ߸ǰ֮ʱڳʿµ˶еά衣
⻹¶ƣѾô˲˷磬г˾ηǿߵﶼֵ𾴵ģȻǸ߿Գ⡣
ʱ˷ĻߣŬתŻԿ˷оͬѹһɽˮͣĴͷϵ䡣
̧֣ŻߵӵӣҲɱ㣬һΪͽ䣡
ǻ¶־壬Լͳ˷ôҲûüֵᱻ
Լ¶꣬ңһʧȥɽϾͻ֮ء
뿪ģ˷ѹţһйԼ̾ͻᱻѹı
˷Ҫϵ߹ʱһͻȻ
˶һ㶣ֹ˷˾ȻҶ
Ҷüͷһ壬ҶöԳ
˷Ϊ˻ĳǳλ磬Ҷ»˷ķУæѵһҶ
Ҷ˷һȭС֪ð˳ˣ£
˷ЦҶֲؿҵʮֿɣ˵Щʲô˵תҶ
Ҷ˷綼ô˵ˣҲö˵ЩʲôҶʹ˸ɫ˼С˵Ҫǰ֮ˡ
ҶѵЦЦСǳ˾ȵģ˿˵ҵĳˣϣСֶһССԸ
Ǻǣ˵޷Ҿ㡣ʲôˡ˵Ľˣ˾òˬ죬Ժͽɡ˷
˷Ļ־ϲĽܱ˿Уĸ˵Ǳһǿţڰ˻ĳȫԺ߰
Ҷﲢûбֵ̫ϲֻǿصǾͶл̧ˣСֶϣܷһ
ҶĻһҶǲɵˣôһĻ᲻ã飿
˷Ҳһ㶣üͷ˱޳ܣҪأҪŹ
ҶͷҶˣŹΪԺȡĹ
ҶĻ˷Ц͵ãҿϵˣСС;һΣ
˵ϵһգǸ߶ʱڵأһֱ֧ţѾ;ƿݵĵزƬ̣Ҳͼֲסˡ
лл塱Ҷ˷һߵǰ֪ҲֻһѣҲ˵ϻȥתӣ˵£Ҷˣ
ûϻѿɫҶﲻǾӣҲûҪȥһӣҪˣҶԴժȥϴɾ˲ӵңǲ̫õģ
ˣ߳
Ҷͷ
㲻ɱҾֻΪҴš
ļֵҲֻǴѡҶﵭĵ
裬裬ǿߵȻֻǴѣûʲô޵ˡ
ѵͲұŵ
ҲǱĻᡣҲûʱ䱨ΪԺΪҶæµʳԺҲˡҶĿŻߡ
ˣ˵ĶѾ˵ˣԹˡҶһ֣ӾһĹһ㡣
һҧӵվСĿ˷硣
˷һǰ˻ĳǳĶǶصĺӣɲһЩӲСˣȻ˵һͿԴ󵨷ĵĹˡ
Ȼ˷ĻųûһɣϾܻǺ£书Լ·һ
˷籧һȭת䣬ʧ˵֮С
˷翴һ۶Ⱥߵһ۵ԼôпҶͰ
ʱ亹һ¾ͳˣæܵ˷ǰʵЩᣬǱǼҵĴƭˣģҶɲҪְ
˶ʱŭ㹴ҵģŵֺôôתͲˣ
һҲʶļƣصϣҳԣɲҪ˵ʲô֤˵ҹģҪѪˣ
㡭ĲᣬǸɵĶЩ˵Ĺ͵͵ôܻ֤ݡ
æҶŹ󸮣ʵڱǸնȻϺ񣬸ҶСܾȸˣ
Ҷ˱ĵĿУͷ뿪ˡ
ˣȴһƬǽ壬˷ҶǼһкܶҪҾͲˣʱҸͰɣ
ҲȷʵͣһԽ˷ͳţŵºϰݷã˷Ȼʡ
Ȼص֮ʱѾ֪ȥûκη־ܡ
Ҷһ߹Ѻ
ҶҲˣʮ˻ţͻط䣬ǽõҩҶϡ
ҶǶҶȫһ飬ȷûдƺȥ°죬ҶսȻһЩƤˡͻӲƴһǣֻ΢ܵ𶯶ѡ
û뵽Ҷ徹Ȼǿ𺳵ͬʱҲϲ
˶ȴԺҶоԼЩ쳣æתһ壬ʱһ


21 
ԭҶڵԭ࣬ͻƺŻ
ͻƱϽ֮ʱڵᷢʺı仯Ȼ΢ȴеᵽ
ҶﲢûͻƣѾԵı仯ʮֲ⡣
ȥǸԼϰ¾йأ¾Ī⣬ȼǶϽڵġ
ڶϽҶһͷûУ˸մԽͷһ죬ڸԼ¾ԺҲûж
Ǹصʶռ䣬ҶﳢԹܶΣԼôŬҲ޷ȥҶΡ
ⲿΪ¾⵱и¾֣˵Ӧɱ¾Ϊ·ϱֻ˳Ϊߺ󣬽֮ʱҪ֮һһߣ
ѵ˵սɱ¾ԼõĺôҶ¾ɲĻôԺҪΪһɱħ
ȥҶɴ಻ȥ룬Ϊ棬˵ϵ棬ûʵһжǿ̸
ɱħôֻҪԼӺҶıСˣɱٶν
ЩƽϢֱӽ״̬ս˼ΣС
ͷ˷֣ڵѾһʬ塣ɶĻԹۣĸеŭһЩ˵ĶȻԼŪڹ֮䡣
ڵΣУȻƾԼ츳͡¾棬Լؽǰ
ǵ˲̫ʱ䣬뾡һа취ѹһز۵ţֻܳΪһ䲻۵˻
Ҷ֮̿ʱҶﲢûвʶ֮Уһ޽ת
תؼԪҶ￿£ҶﱾԪٶȿʮֹ
գĴӵƽ𣬽һҶĴ齣ĸҶӢա
ջӡ۾¶һƱ⻹Ҫõ΢Ц벻벻һսԼͻƷףֱЩţ
أҶĻŭţڵʮָлĵˣĿмֱЩƮƮɡ
һȭӳһۻŷ۵һű𿪡
ű𿪵ķţҶЦЦͻƷףûа㸡ļ˵ҵĸʵ
ߵǰû˿ķţ°ϲʵͻȻȻܹϸ΢Ŀûְƫ̫ˣ¾¾㵽ʲôȼĹأ
ҶҴӣйǸɶټ˻һЩԭ֧ߵˣҲҹϻء
ҶˣûгϯҲÿЩڷͥϵĳʲôڼµڼڼӦʲôʲô֮ģ붼ͷۡ
ɴ͵˸УܵϴθԷǼҾ¥ֵһƣСˣһƣȻԵá
ĸţڸڻ֫ٺҲ֪ڵﵽˣʱȥԡ
ˬ˸ͻȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲ
үҵˣ峤ءһҽģҶߣ
ҶҼҽҶֻͷϿû𾴹ꡣ
һսҶͷڰ˻ĳǴˣΪɱʿսǿӵ
Ҷڰ˻ĳǷͷԣһʱҶҵƣҲŴߣ˭֪ҶҿҪһˡ
ҶҵļҽţᱶעĿһжǰĹͣò
ŶҸңǺãϸȥҶЩ죬Ǳߵ£һǸģôͻȻԼ
ǸϽˣżҽһ·صУ˼壬Ҷ鷿Ҷء
ҶҶ΢΢ЩõôصˣôһܳȥҪǻеǱɾΣˣ
ҶЦײصǣѾˣһ¶ûУ㿴˵Żմ˼ȭͷ˼š
ҶЩЦãӣһ취ûСսɱһ㣬ȡǡԵ֮ʱȻ治ɫ
һֻһЦԣۣЩӦ
̧֮䣬㣬ȷʵ˵ӣҲǰ졣
ǳսĿҪȻţҶǸ˺۵ꡣ
ҲҪעϢУϾĶһʿߣǸӲܻҪעС˵ҶҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ҶΪɱһʿһһʿǳ䲻⣬Ҳ㹻˾°ˡ
ӲȷʵʵʵƴûκȡɵĻᡣǸ߿һλսҶԼҲұ֤Ľ¡
Ҷ춼Щ˼飬ֱǸ漣漣ˣԼĶӡ
Ҷæһ˾ص׽̻壬ȷʵЩˣ캢𴲾͸оƣθ⣬ȥ¥˸Ʋ˲˵ã
ЦصҶʮˣһֱǺǿ׳ܲܲӪѣϾƷҲҪɱģ
ҶԹЦСӰ˵ôʲôֻζѣʲôʱܵƷˣ棬һžǧңȥðɣʲôԼ򣡡
˵ŻݸҶһſƬҶֽӹƬƴСķӲô滹һССĿۣһ֣Ҳˢһ˵ֻǲ֪ûлֻء
СİѿպãԺƵʱллףһθô࣬Ͳĳ
ҶԴǼйгŰѳ֡ҶһΪֱҶӵһƽȿҶҲδƫ̻
ͻȻôǮЩɻҶ˽׿ѱȵġ
ǺǣҲöɣǳŵȫһϵѾȫѱϯԺսҶ͵һսҶֳսĿ࿴ȣ˲ܲ㾡ȫȥء
˵սҶǰһҶľս
ʯȭֻǻƽ¼ս˴ôмϼֻôҶѾЩȲˡ
ҶתҶûصӦˣͲõˣʱȥż
Ǻǣ֪ˣȷʵЩˡҶﲻ˼ͷ
ɬĶӣһɵģôҲ޷Ǹɱ˲գ۵ħݡ
ӣû뵽ҲʱȻܺã˱еƲУ˲ŻĸһЩǷ¶ҪΪأ¡ҶĳĵȻָ죬ҶӲƴ¡
ǣ̣ܽҲˡҶȴԼĴ㣬ʱΣҶﲢ¡
ʱԼֻһܣ´ιԼĿ١
ϲķʽԸͬھҲԸȥǸҡҲϰ¾Եʣ޷ӱܡ
Ҷ̣ܽҶҲٶ˵ˣ㻻·һȥݷóˣ


22 ݷó
λڰ˻ĳģռʮĶ¥ߴɲ
ҶҵͣڳſʱСҶ︸ӣһŮϵת뿪
Ҷ︸ӶˣҶº󣬾ͿʼĿҶģһ߳ŵһƷ˿ûм˼
ҶεĿҶһۣװûĿ
û೤ʱ䣬˷ⲽҶЦҶ־õˣ
ˡҶȭ
Ҷ˷絽æ壡
Ҷ֣ҪҶѧϰʲôǼˡ˷ˬʵĵ
СܾͲˡҶҲȻ˳ƺϾֵܸܣҲһҫ
ҶһֱгˣΪĹְǴΪ۹սսǿߡ
ҶĿڣ˷ˬʵõҶԼˣҲͿżɽˣʵǹм¸
Ҷ︸һ㶣Ҷ֪кηԸ˵޷
ǺǣûҪô棬ҼҶֶ츳սˣ뱣ѧԺ˷
ʲô˵ģҶһܵĵҪ֪ѧԺǵ۹ѧԺе֮ء
ƣΪ۹ľӢ˲ţ۹ܴǧ겻ܣȫѧԺ֧ţ˵۹ľ֧
ѧԺҶһ㶣ǸҶͻߺ󣬾ȥѧԺ
Ǹ壬Ҽǵ诱㣬ҲǱѡеڶѧǲҲһҶﲻʵ
ɣΪһѧԺҪˣһѵõĻᡱ˷
Ҫ֪ѧԺĸߵѧԴսҩʤи߽ʿʦ벻ˡ
ѧԺҲô׵ģʮ֮ǰɾ߲̤ſ
Сڻûͻߣ²ϹذɡҶ
ûϵ˵Ϊƾս㹻ѧԺˣѧԺɲǹ⿴˱棬صǱ
˿ڲ裬ذ˻ĳʮһֱûֹʲô˲ţҲҪú
۹ʢУǳÿ궼ƼһﵽҪѧԱ͵ѧԺȥ
ֻǰ˻ĳǵشƫƧ˲ŵ㣬ÿټһЩˣ˲żüõѧԺòʲôõĳɼ
Ҳʹð˻ĳ۹ʮ߸ǳУͣ˷һֱջ𣬸һܾﲻ̹
˷һսսԺգŽЩܱ߸ȶս𽥼٣˷𽥵ʷ̨
Ȼ˷⽮սսɱ˷ڣĿһȵѧԺĵѡϡ
Ϊ۹ĸڣѧԺÿ궼ȫѡһЩϵΪ۹ѪҺ
յѧԱѧԺҲŽϿҪǾʮ֮ǰͻߡ
ΪʮԺͻߵˣʲôĻԵͻƵʦ
Ҳ˵ͻʱԽСôԺе·ϲߵøԶ
ҶҲû뵽ͻȻһڱһҵԼͷϣҪ֪гı٣ǿǵԼ˺ţѧԺԺп϶һǧ
ҶϢֻһ£ûбֳһ˷ܺͲ֪
˷ĵ˵ͷͷܱѵˣ򶨹򣬺һʮҵ
쿴ϣﵽأȫ˵ǧѵһʡ֪ΪʲôΪͣͲǰΪﵽţԡڲأ
˷һţֻ˵ϸһҶΪ˷ĶҲһ
˷ĻҶҲһ㶣һֱæżһЩ£æĽͷö
ûעҶΪϾǰոͻƵΪʲôŶԡ
һȵķ֣ҶȻΪҶ쾪ԼӸ
ǡʲôʱͻƵģô֪ҡôһͻƵأҶ򶨣Ҳ˵Щˡ
ֱ߸ǵ֪һǳʱڣΪ¯ķ㵤ȡɲãκʿڣǿΪ߾ͻپƻ
ߣ޴ķȥƽʱʹõľɢһֲʵȡģֻ΢׺ֱΪ
ҶＸûһ˷˵
˶ԾĿԼҶҲεĿЦﵽصʱ֪Ҫ鷳ˡ
ΪƽʱһЩһЩϣ֪ڶǽģʱһΣѾǿˣеҪһһΡ
ԼһֱţִĻ˵ֱѧ
ȣʵҲԴһδս֮󣬾͸оԼʲôһΪƲסĲͣһܺ£ٶȹ죬᲻ᵼҸȡҶװһʮֲӵ
˷ְסҶļͷһۻ˲߱ҶȫҶڳͨ裬ϸһ£Щصû⣬ʵȻȻûгְ鸡ļ˷ѽ⣡
ԭһеҶ죬˷Ļ󣬶ʱһ˷֣֪ҶǺǻϾ飬Ǵû˵֪᲻º֢
ٴμһҶ壬ɿ֣ЦİɣҸղŸҶȫļ飬ûκ⣬Ҳұڵ߸ӿ
΢˼һ¼ǰҲĹ伮ͻƵҲûУӦһǧǰиѧţһҹͻ磬ͻƵ˰죡
Ҷüһµ˵Ӧǵĵʹ˺԰ɣҲ˵ݴʮͻߣʮΪʣȷʵһ޵
ҶһȷʵţղҲһҹƣӦǸҶ꿪ʼʱΪͣͲǰйءЩȻΪͣͲǰҶÿвꡣջۣ˴ǵٽ㣬ͻȻŻд˾˵Ч˷
岻ǿߣʶ㣬һеģҲָоֻһʱ˵ҶһҺ޵һƨ
Сʲôʱѧ컬ɲ㳡ɱϵ簡˷Ц
Ҷεͷһ˼صǲǱƵӼ˻ҧأƽʱΪƣӲǳģ
Ŷ𣿡˷еƷһڣҶһһصӺĳ㻹ǲǰ
ʲôҶо


23 ƽ͵
˷ĻҶʱһԼǰǰĵˮ©ӦκκۼŶԣѵթң
һãصӺʧ𣿿ɥˣʧҲҲãһСľͰ˰ɣ
˵˵СΪԼ޷죿˻ĳǸ𣿡ҶԼװɵ㶣˷Цһ䡣
ѵӺСɱģҶҲһȣӳȥɱˣԼӵľȻһ㶼֪ܺ˵䳰ȷɵֺֺЦ
Ȼ֪˷ôģǼûŭ⣬ۼסɴһϡ
ҶһصʵҲɱģֻѧһռ֮ҸһңѪ֣֮֮ơ۳ŴȥˣûԿ˵Ĳ׼ҾһݣסȻ󡭡ûȻˣ
һ£ЦҶҶԺһǵͻ˵˵һ쵽ûУúýô£
ҶֻýڷзͻӺʱ˵©죬Ҷע⣬һֱϤǵļı˵һ顣
ֲҰΰҵʱΪЩСˡҶ̾һΰ׾αװִϵսǿߣҶһλѡ
ȻӢ۳갡СС;˼ܣŲߣɾͲ˷Ц
ҶЦһǿһҰʲôŲߣҪ˼ҳ֣СȥүǱȥˡ
ҲԷƱʹЩսϼһս˭ûйʱ򣿿СԺдѵĥᣬһʱĳɰܲطϣ
˷Ҷļ򣬼ҽҷǳ⣬ʣֶΣǻ֮⣬ҿһǳĶӵһƽ͵ģ
ƽ͵ģҲףҪĲһŻϣʸ߷𣿡ҶĲ⣬װˡ
־ȷҪһŰ۲ӣʸ߷ġûһƽ͵ģôҲ
ƽ͵ģʲôҶʵ
⼸Ҳɱ˰ɣĲ˵д¬嶼˵ӦɱŶԡ
ΪɱһˣٵճԹγһΪɱɱĶȡڣɱΪһֻΪɱһʿߣϵɱӦúβŶԡ˷Ƶĵ
һ˵Ҷǰ˵һЩԽսľ٣ڸǾѵʱ򣬵һ۾ͻǻ䤱
ѵ˵ɱҪԼҲɱڶԵеʱ򣬵һۣŵƨ򶼲ôˡŷһһܰѶԷĵƣ
壬˼˵ûɱβסŨŨʧǰɱôˡ
ҶЩȥˣСӾȻΪɱ绹Ǻ£ȵúţҪҲ죡
㰡˵ʲôá˷һսУû뵽Լһһѧһ˲룬ЩϰߡɱôãΧ˺ܲӦҹɱƿʱħ½ʧܡ
ÿ߳ƽʱ⣬רҪʱƽľɱͰװ׵һʱ䣬ȴڴУ
ѵƽ͵йأҶ
ǵģɱ˹󣬶ٵĸо־壬ŭ˷ܣں޵ȺܶĸʱɱճЩ֮УԺɱ˽࣬ɱ۵ԽԽŨôͻӰ쵽һ˵Ӷγħҷȴһ㶼Ҫⷽĵģĺܲ˷޵
ǲǿ԰ĻΪݽ氡Բûа︺أҶеƵĵѵɱħǱʣ
ôҲһǣɱֵʱᶨͨû˿ìܣԲŲմȾɱ
˷ĿҶľƽҲһɲģһɱһ޹ˣΪɱˣôͻìܣĸôƽ͵ľͱƵˡԺмǲɱ޹衣
˷˵࣬ҶϽĻҶһģ˵࣬ͥظԲһǸԵ֮ˣôȥһЩɱɱأ
СӰղŻ˵ѧռôֳȥˡ˷ԭôһҶúñסԼƽ͵ģ֪Ҷ˵·ߡ
ⲻಷּΪҶ϶Ҫһ˵ģͨһ֪ʮûôءҶЦĵ
˷˼·ȫҶˣôҶĻҲǵһɶеߣ˵ͨ棬Ƿȱ̫࣬仰͸оЩﾡˡ
˷Ҷ໥һۣԷ͸¶ΣҶҲԽԽ˽ԼĶˡ
ӡеԹǷЩв߻ڼ⻼еĴݵǼưٳ
ٵǰ㳡ɱϣĺֵǰֳһ緢
˵ǰҶŷһʮ˵ķ񣬵ǰôĲͬ˲֪һҶ
˶㶵ĿԼҶЩڣɿһλҪҰɣȻҽע𣬵Ƕˣ뿴Ļշαؼһʱأ
Ҳ̲סˣҶصһǣҶСӣôôûԭأ
ҶԼҶûж㣬Ҳ㣬ϲĸоȻҶָ߸߾ʱֻĨһ¶ѡ
ҶؼŷԼô㰡
㡭
ҶҲˣǹһ֪ͨȥѧԺ뷨˷ֹҶļұΪ
ȥ϶ҪȥģôõȥҰҶ붼ʹӦˣʲôЦȥǲɵˡ
ãڶأȻûʲôöսô꣬ûռ˲٣ѡһЩȥ͵͸ɡ˷Ȼ˵ãеĽȴû˿Ρ
ҶһʱĻŭţǴ󷽰˷ս꣬սƷܱռôǡá˷ղرҶҵ似ˡ
ûҶ˵Ҷһվʹð֣ǿɲ찡
һսĲر⣬ϵʵ̫ƽôĶݣҶﲻ̤ʵ
Ҷģûʲôܵܲġ˵Ҷڿ壬͵ﶼУѵҶϵܿң˷װõĵ
ǡ
ûʲôǵģ¾ôˣҶȥɣս˵ŻҶݣһⷿ
ⷿ˷һǽϰһ£һʯŴ򿪣¶һͨ
ͨ˽һʱ䣬ſͷһߴʯųǰ
ʯϱ߲ι״·ȻҶﲻҲ֪Ӧʦ̳ĽƷģķǲܴ򿪵ġ
˷ʯϱ߲ͬλ£ӵʯŻ򿪡
һҶʱ۷Ź⡣


24 ѡս
ӳһƬľܣϱߵķ֮а˸ֹؼ¹һ£ϱߵؼϰٱ
Ҷһ𾪵ı飬˷ļЦ涼һЩؼѡһЩģѡżߵ㣬ѡԺҴȥѡֵı
˵⻰˷תңֻһ𾪵Ҷ
ҶǿѹеļҪ֪ؼ磬쳣ġ
󲿷ֶһЩУƽһЩĹϡ٣Ǵ˰ٶҶңеĹؼҲͼʮѣҴ󲿷ֶһЩͼ
׹ֻ߱һ׸߼ġʨҶ︸еģʣµмı
Ǹ˷ղرЩС׼ˣϰٱؼоȻа׹׸߼ؼʮ֮ࡣ
ҶﲻɵѪˣҪ֪Ҷǿ֮⣬սֻһлƽ׳ġʯȭ
ҶԼԺɽսʱ򣬻Ҷ˷˺þãҪ֪ڵȱľսʯȭһɱ¬ᵽս
Ȼɱ¬ȡɣһڵĲһȭɱһʿߣһһﵽ˰ĸ߼ʿ˸оǳ𺳵ġ
ӴҶ˶սĿһڿôսԼѡͺһؤͻȻһǼһ㣬о֪ô¿ˡ
ƽ׸߼ȭ
׳ţ
мܰԵ
һؼҶĳȣһһ޲ðЩսȫߡ
ȻʵȲ˵˷᲻ߣ˷ԸЩȫҶҲܰЩȫѧϰ
Ϊÿһԣʲô˶ʺȥѧ
ͱ硶ȭֻˮ߲УһԵȥò˶ã߻ħǽˡ
Ҷǿѹе궯һƬ̺ԼƽѰʺԼս
Ҷﲻ֪ǣƽԼ֮ʱ֮һҶ￴ĵط˷ǻһЦ⣬һ˿͡
תۼȥһʱ䣬һؼӳҶ粽
ƽ׸߼ս粽ȣ缲磬α任Ӱ٣
νܣҶ֪һؼߵٶȣǷǳҪһܣԴԼʡ
ҶｫⱾؼѰʺԼؼ
ҲؼҶﶼһһԹˣҶǿᣬ·߿϶зǳǱؼõҲмѡ
Ҷпһؽ׹󰵽أǿǵؽ׸߼Ҫóûʼǿ߶ҪΪ֮Ķ
󰵽幦Ǹˣûκοɱԡ
ҶѾصΪΪҲõ˷ԾЩҶﲻͣĽҲ˲٣ԸоԼһһǿ׳
ȻûȥԣӦôﵽǧˣƿǿ󰵽һ뵽еؽ׸߼Ҷͻֹס˷ܡ
ѡһӣ๦ؼҶЩۻңһֱûѡкʵؼ
һʱҶ̾һ߳ң˷Щôѡˣ
ǵģ壬ѡҶһ̯ؼС
ƽ׸߼ս粽
ƽ׸߼սơ
ѡһȫǻƽ׵ģ׵һҲûУô˼ѡ˷Щ
ǺǣǵģôأֻʺҵĹĲ࣬Ϊһûͻߣ֪Լԣû취ѡԼ׵ؼҶ͵
СģѡؼҲΪ˿һԣû뵽ܹΪرġ˷˵Ц
Ҫ֪κһߣһӼôؼѱס̰ġ
οҶһé®Сӣ޴ջ̰ġ
û뵽ҶҲ͸սȥʱԵЩ˷ܺͼĹƽ򶨵Ĺ˷綼°ޡ
Ҷܹס߽׹ջֻѡʺԼĻƽս˷粻òٴιĿ࿴
ˣʵҲû˵ôãֻǱеĺôʮҶһĵ
˷磬Ҷûа㾴ηԴ¾Ҷԣž˵ıʶܸо˷ȫĶԼİ
ѵ㻹ôǫţСӡ˷籾ΪҶﻹǫأŷӦСӸûǫ˼
˷εһЩǿߣǰҲǱϹϾģһЩµģҴ
ǰ꣬Լǰǻҷڣǵһ˸ԼǰЦ
ȻСӣȴһ㶼ûоһɵů˵СİԼ壬꣬ûиܵůˡ
Ҷһ۵ֲͷСӵ͵첻Ϸߡ
أʵɾ꣬Ѿ޽ˡҸ֮ҵͷҲΪҺãڻСͷ񾭷ȫڰչ磬ٽԲеҶЦ
˷̾˿е㸴ӵĿҶҷеƼȥѧԺˣҷ·𿴵ѧԺһƬɹĳ
ټģôҲҪ治ǣҿ϶Ŭһѧġ˵һŬĳɾͲҵˡ
ҶĻ˷ûаģҶȥ߱ߵǰֻ㣬ϣĺݣǣ񻹷һŵ㡪Ƥ񡣡
ҿ԰仰ɿ佱ҶеƵĵ
ν㼴ʹ洳Ҳʲôһܺáޱߣ۹ֻǲ׺һڶѣ»СΪϡ˷
˷˵࣬ҶصѵǣСԼģҾԻϧԼȥƴģ
Ҷ̣ܽûǰ߰ģ˷ͷܺãסֻлţػסĶ
Ҷҹ㳡ϣҶԻߵĹҶ˶ܣܾˣ˷綼
Ҷ뷨ҶȻûаİȫ˹ֻǴ˶ˡ
һҶҶҲȻܣûм⣬˵Ҫôˡ
ˣȥֵıȥȻڲѡ̫࣬û̫ϰ˷һ֣һǽڴ򿪣¶һҡ


25 Ӱ
ҲǺܴҲʮɼһ˶ıܣϱ߹ʮ
ʯŸոմ򿪵һɲǣһɱ֮ӭ˵·һ㣬ë
ָоֻҶҹ㳡˺ΰʱҶŸܹ
ʱ˶ȽԶû̫ע⣬ֻǵһɱ֮⣬ط쳣
˽ӴųָܵĿ£ɢĺ⣬һЩǲ֮ˣΪ֮
ҶЩš
ʮȫǱ󲿷ֶЩսãһЩʱ̽żãǱеľƷ˷ָűܵ
ɣˣȻãԺ϶ܹõģѡɣĸĸ˷Ц
ʵҪսʦϵ߲ܹʹõģΪһΪﵽսʦڵᷢһʵı仯ʱٱΪΪԪ
֮ԳΪΪ˶˴ϧ⣬ӵţʦ̻ġ
ʦ磬λȻ۹ʦ˫֮
ʦ֮ϡ٣ΪΪʦȱһߣʦڽĵʱҺп̻ġ
һߵУδسһߣľԵߣܳΪʦ
̵Խʹʦӵϡ٣Ҳʹô·ϵıӵı
һģҪһʦµʱ䣬ҳɹʴֻңʹһЩʦʦɹҲĳɡ
Ҳʹñ۸ˮǴߣϧ쳣ʹҶҼҶݣûõһɼǶôѵá
ҶߵһŲʰ쵵ıǰס΢һ
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һʣĺѹȶҶЩ
Ϊˮսϻɱڴһͳ˧ãϱ̵һ֡նģЧѽ쳣˷ΪҶܵ
ǺýҶܾãʺԼΪһ־ӵԼС˵УýĻ϶ͣȻȺ⡣
ԼԸ񣬰ѽŻϣı
Ҷ￴һѺ۵ĳǹʱʱͣסˣȻһͨǹû͸¶㱦ӦеϢǲ֪ΪʲôҶϲ
ȥóǹû뵽ǹ쳣ûȣæŰѳǹȵС
Ҷȥóǹʱ˷һµģ漴ѹ£֪ǹ쳣ûûС컬Сӳ
û뵽ȻҶһβûס漴΢˵˳ǹ˷簵һ
Сӣǹشһǧ˰ٽͨöòʿҲδܹʹãȻƾ۾õû뵽ǿ˷羪ȵĵ
ʵҲ֪ô£Դϴ֮ҵ巢һЩ仯һǿ˲١Ҷش
أֻҪǺ£٣ôʲôѧ֮纣֪Ķˣ벻׾ͲҪȥ롣
˵ɲǱһǿ˲٣ǿ˺ö౶Ǻ£òҪ¶ҪһЩĵơ˵˷Ļ𽥱Щࡣ
ǣСס֪˷ĹԼԼԣ֪ߵغԼԿ
Ҷ̣ܽ˷Ҷһԣж󣡡
ң㣿ѵңֱ˵ˣһڵĲһսУЦе˰ɡҶ
СӣôϻٲҿҪʰˡ
˷ûĵҪ˵Сӣʲôã̫ƶˣʱơ
˵˭Ҫˣ㾡ȫѣֻز˵ģҪĹ⣬һһϲ˷ѡϲҧرء
ȻҶһϲʱ۷Ź⣬ܱ˷֮Ϊϲǿ϶Ǿϲˡ
ã壬˰˵˫ۣڵޱкû˿
ںڵĳǹһںڵ磬Я̩ɽѹ֮˷
ǹûΧɢܣ˷ͷ裬졣
żµĳǹ˷һ˿ͣӳǳỺȴպڳǹٵһɲǣײһ
飡
һ죬Ҵ𣬳һӰȥײǽϣֱԶ
ˣһŭ
ŭȻҶﴫղŹཻҶʱԼײһɽһ㣬ûȥ˿غ«һ㣬Ǳ
˷ûлشҶЩ㶵ĿŽ£ĽӡЩĳ
˷ֽסҶĹõȫȻҶ츳Ϊƣϸ˷ȣһֻӸһͷһ㡣
ӦǺһϷ˷µӡȴ˵˷ûȫҶһ˵ϣӡ
˷һ¸ղŽʱḶ́ȵķ֣ҶĹУȻһ˿ǹϣһ˿򡱵
һƵ˷һҶʱҪԾ
Ѳ۵ĺǹõһ֡ɣһַǳϡеĲϣǳأУضѡ
ǹͨ嶼÷죬˵Ĵﵽһǧ˰ٽϱ߸Ǳʦ̻򡱵ġ
һ򡱱ôǹĹ˲Ӻü˵򡱳˵㾦֮˱
һ˿˷տʼΪһִûзϣǵµӡҲ޷Ρ
ıֻսʦǿ߲ܹܷȫֻսſԣΪսʦߣڵԪԼȫġ
ǽһڵĲȻܹϵģ˷֮࣬޵ľϲ
Ϊ˵һЩ˵ؼһЩиԪص׺׵ļԦԪ֮
ЩӵĿŴӵҶûҶĲãܺãһö
ǽϵ˼£صһƣҶĿɿڴУмһķ̨ӣϱ߷һʵĹ
һ֣ʱӳյһƬͨΧһЩԵð޹ˡ
˷ֽĿĸһ˿ʹ
˷ҶҰӰڸ㣬ϣһܰļҡȻڵЩңԶʣһһ뿪Ƭ½׷Ѱգ
ʱϣܰԸҲ˷һԸҶ𣿡
Ҷֽӹ֣صصҶ﷢ģֻҪһţһԸ
ãããû㣬ĳŵ˷ˣҲĿˡ˷缤ĵ
ߣǳȥɣҪõˣ
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뿪ңǲ֪һսΪһѹ


26 ѹ޴
Ҷ︸Ӵӳʱһ·϶û˵΢Щѹ֣Ҷ뵽ˣ׿Ӱɫĳ
Ҷ쵱ʱĬܾãһֱû˵ʲô˷͸ҶһѱҶҲûоֱܾˡ
ص֮ʱѾƵʮ֣ҴҳԹҶҶеԼ鷿ĳص˷Ӣ۸壬Һз˵ʱ򣬵˷ȷҷǳ֮һ
Ҷﾲţûв廰Ϊ֪ӦûҪһι¡
֮Ϊ书ΪΪ壬֮˵̾˿
ʮǰ˷ʮͻ߾Ϊ۹ǿߣ˵緢һʱ
һλصŮӽΪ򸾣ŮòǣΪȵʱ˷绹ҪһЩ˽鴳ɷ˲֪ˣ
ǲϲ˼䣬һż֮̽ʱһλڴĻʼǿϮˣλҲƴ£˰ӻڴ
ǸŮӣʱΪ˱˷磬ֵ˻ߵȫһ󲻾þˡ˵Ҷ̾Ϣһ
˷˾ӣʱ۹ڴ۹У˷ÿսʿ䣬Եأη
䣬߳ǣ֮ز䣬ɱڴ಻ԣͣ˫ǩͣսЭ飬걻شĻʼǿߣͣ
º˷նʼǿߵͷ­ԼԼӣܾ˻ʵ۵ķһֱڰ˻ĳǣӾڰ˻ĳܷ롣
ҶĽܣ˷磬ҶԽĹһŭΪգѪʬʮ
ݿ黳ҶԼѪˣԼҪ
ûἤҶͳ˵ӣһֻһһѹ
ҶĴһѵǰҵǰѣ
Ӱ񹭣񾪣ǴټŷɥҶЩصĵ
ôصĶô͸أϵ֪ѹôʱҲһ¡Ҷʱ֪˷簮˵Ҷ˵ʲôҲܵġ
ʾҶ£Ҷ컺ص˷ʲôܸ϶⣬ôôĹ͸㣿
ôһ˵ҵˣ֣ؽңҰĹ磬ʲôҲû˵Ҷ
ȻҪúȥɣ˷أһһˡŬһ԰ս⿪Ҫ̫࣬ͽȻԼԣӰԼĵġҶ
õģ֪ˣһŬеģΪԼҶֱҶ
úӣȥϢɣҪԼ̫ѹҶοЦݵ
صԼķ䣬ҶŴȫغãȷ˼󣬲ſеһöָ
һöĿռָʮɷԲĿռ䷶ΧԴĶЯǳ㣬Ǹ߽߱ر
ռֵָƣʿµûģһĿռָĴռ䶼һɷԲҡ
ҶľȻﵽʮɷԲĽָһʦߣûмӵеġ
һ˿ָڣķӦҶԺУһһ߲ʰ쵵ĳԼС
ʱûϸҶֱڲлϸѹĳ磬ͨɢһֵŷǳ
ĲʸǷǽϱŵ·һ۲Ҷﾪȵķ֣⹭Ӧõһľͷġ
ļͳ̶ȣκνҪǿĶ࣬磬һε߸֪
ңٹϸСۺѿ˿۶ɡ
ȥңҶﾪȵǣ㶯ȫ޷
Ӱָڲоʱ򣬵Ƚʵ˵ʱ
ӰĹâʵ̫ۣʵڲ̫Ҷ͵ĸԣҶ׼ӰΪ֮һ򲻵ѣá
ʲôЦѹ֪ж˶Լ͵ǣûҪԼô鷳
ֽ粽УһõļܣǳʵãϸĽжһ顣
粽һֲߵƶٶȣע˫ϣضзʽ˵ٶһ˼ĸ߶ȡ
һʱҶﻺĴ״̬лָ૵صô򵥰ȫûѶȰһʱ䣬ɴѡơһѧ˰ɣ
ڶһ磬ոҶƿţҶﾪȵķҶҵǻ϶ѵҿˣѾͷ˵Ѿѵһʱˡ
ǰʱ䣬壬һͽճһһϵ̰۵ԴڵҶǰδеĸС
Ժܳʱ䲻ΪԴģڵҶҷǰӸл
ҶеʱԭȻʱһӾ
ҶһϲһӰԽڶҶǰ
ԭ诱㰡첻ԽĹ˰ҶЦĴк
ߣ˷ͷͶʵ˵ǲɧ㰡Ҷ΢죬֪ҶԸ񣬸ףֱʦ
ǾǣΪ˵ûܰƭȥô˵Ҳһ𻼹ѵģ̫ˡһԲŮĵ
ŮҶӡϴκҶһ𣬰ֵҶķѵӣҶ֣ɥǸŮӡ
һǵĳĳЩˣ˵ʱǳһ͵أ˼ҳ˴ӢˣǶඣ
Ҷʱͷ綷ʵ̫Ϭˣ仰Ҷæң֪롣
ʵҸûжǰЩ˵̫أոˣҪȥݷóˣⲻһ磬ҪҶﰵĨһѺⲻǱұǸúӵġ
ģһȺŮӰŰɡ
ȻİԱ桱Ҷæ
ðɣǾһأҪһѵ𣿡ҶʵϾʮûҶ֪е᲻á
Ҵк˳һԼҶ붼û˵
˵仰Ҷͺ޲óһԼͣӱŮӸˣ˵ˡ
ȻҶĻŮӾߴߴصðð֪Ҷж٣ֵ̫
군ˣҶܲϣԼ¶ڴǰϾҲһԱֶΣ˽ʵôҲͲԶˡ
ǽҶﻢˣ׾ѣΪıʵ̫ˣɱʿߣӲĽսһ
Ҷﲻ֪ôԲʱһӰҶǰ峤
Ҷ̧һȻҶأڷKOؽɽڵҶҵӡ
ҶûаֵİϷҲһ򾡣ӵûôܵǣҲû˸Ҷˡ
Сǰ֪峤峤£ҪСһƽϡҶսսĵ
ҶһЦСǸˣԼ˵秵Ļ
üͷ˵ĻӦûһɣ
ܰһľ䣬ҶˣӦôҶ붼
ҶصĻʱһЦҶȻΣ֪ҶﲢûмǺԼ
ҶһЩԼȽԶļҶҵӵҲɣ
ЩӣǰҶĸ࣬ҶĹϵôãҶﵽĴ澴ηԶԶġ
ҶкǣֻӲͷƤǰҶﱧȭ
峤
ǰ飬ѾҹͬΪҶҵӣӦʱ׳ҶңҪΪȥ飬Ӱ쵽Ҷҵķչ෴Ӧ÷ͼǿŬУΪҶʷΪǿһ
˵ĺáһԾ


27 ޷͵
˻ͷһҶһλߣ֪ʲôʱǾ仰Ǵ߿з
˾Ҷҵĵһ֣Ҷ֪Ϊﵽ佫ء
ǰЩ죬Ҷңϱ֧ȥһ¼ҴҸϻһѾҶѾƽ˾
峤˵ǣҶҾһ粨ѾԪˣʵѾǰˡҪĳɳ֧żҵҶҲˣ
ֻʮ꣬ΪΪҲʮͷӣĿŭ仰ӡڳǵ
峤϶Ҷһ
ҶӡУΪ˸ٶ˭ͿģԼ񣬸æɷСˣҶʵڵϴ񣡡
ҡҡͷһʱһʱҶҷƮҡ⻼վеصص峤Īˣ
Ҷң˴һ£ĳϱ֣Ҷҵʵһ½˴롣
ҶҵǣֻûгɳƲ֮ƣ˵⻼Σ
峤ἰټ峤ѧԺҶ˵һĺ£ֻǾ诣ҶҲѣ֪Ƿͨˡеɫء
Ϊ˼棬ҶҽһֲҵȫǣҲΪҺˣԺǽʱʹþҺСϵһ仰ʱô۷Ź⡣
ǰֻһ²һƿľҺԹܹǲܲ˷ܡҲǴѪˣѼȫʽҺҲһȺĽûʵļ壬ûȫԼĲҵġ
ûѪڵǣ϶Ҷղ˵峤ҪǴһʶʶ
ϻﶼǹҶĴ˵ɱʿս˿뿴Ҷﵽ׻һʲôľϲ
⡱ҶȻЩΪѣ͵͵Ĳһµģû뵽һҪĿơ
ĵĲ԰ɣһεϴҶǰδеŽᣡ
ҶԥԥҶ˵˵ûҶĵĹͷٲһĻҶҪ˥ȥˣ
ãҪø԰ǲôøɵģͷҪġ
ΣҶֵ̯̯ðɣϵô˵ôɣ첲šȣ
ҶһԸӣûҶһµѵẦ㲻ɣϻϿȥԣҪǸʵСʰ㣡
ҶҲ֪Ҷﵽжʵǿ͸Ҷһܻɱʿսһιս˭ܹĵ
֪ӲˣҶ˵ĿУʯǰҶƽľ
֪Ҷܴһʲôĳɼ
治˵Ŷһߵһڰ˰ٵһǧңܴﵽһǧٽѾ츳ˣ
룬峤㳡չֳһܹӵеģ
УҶﻺ۾ƽ죬ȭ
ڳһһסҶȭͷ´κһϸڡ
Ҷȭͷʼղ͵ҶҪ͸ʱҶתŴ¶һЦ׼𣡡
ͱ˰Ӷȱˣһ仰ôһȥ
СӣƤǰɣ㡱һҶд
ƲƲ죬ôӦʲôһûare you readyء
һ޷ԶһΧҶ裬ƮҶԭӢˣӵӢ䲻
ۣҶܺ˧һŮ鲻Խغ
ûȫ꣬ͱһŮͣţ´ŵҶ
һͺȣڳҶӵܣͷһҶǰ̤벽ȭǰӳ
䣡
һ죬µĴضһߵĲʯ˲
ȫѻȸҶͶ໥һۣ˶ԷľϲǼʶ㣬Ҳòᡣ
ʱ䣬ҲŷӦʱ
찡ѵû˯𣿰Ҳ𣡡
ǧǧ
ǧٽôܡʿ۷壬ﲻ
˶񿴹һ㿴Ҷ˵۾Уǳ˾ηȻͳԼߡ
ҶҲһڿԷĵȥ󰵽ˡ
ҶߵҶЦСӣ㻹ҴһǳãҶҵҪˣ
漴ֻ˲СǲԽԽӷˣȫСӾȻҸҷܣ
аѾȫ˰ҶЦĵȻ˰ƣʵϻģû뵽Ǳˡ
ٸҳղһ£˰˳ΪҸۻ軨Ƿ
ҶûĵͥڵģҪҶţһƹȥˣôƭ
ϵǵҰ׶ȫ¶ȥڽƮû˲ı¶ƣͲӱҵҶЩĵ
Сӳ˰ѵˣչֵǱԽ󣬶ҶҾԽڰ˻ĳڣûָܶͷ
ֻҪǱ󣬾ѧԺҲ԰ȫʲô鶼Ҵţʲôϰߡ˾Ӧ緢âɲŶԣ
緢Ӧ˵һ𷢷Ŷ԰ɣҶû˵Ĵ㡣
˵һҶֻƲƲ죬֪Сӿ϶ҶҲû취һٲһΣҪսٱûУ
ϵҶ޾ɵĵ
Ҹ㣬ҪǸٷӣڵģϳǹż͸¶ڷ磬ŮҶңҿҲϴСˣ԰׶ˡҶ
ʲôʲôЦҲʮ壬ô綨ף˵ˣҸĹϵֲǲ֪Ҷ񱻲βһе
ʲô£檵Ķǣ˭˭СԼҶ첻̲ĵ
ҳȫͱҳЩ۶ˡϸһϵǱԼȫҶ֪ԼĸҺŪŪϱŪԼ
С·ҶЦ
Ҷϵգ
Ҷ조
ҶһƵĻصߵʱҶѾٴʯͷǰ
ףôҪһΣ
꣬˵ղź峤˵ҪҶսһΣ
ҶһӵƣҲȥˣ˲佫۷壬һ
ʯȭ
䣡
εӾ޴ƺʲô˼ųܷɢ
һЩվıȽϽҶҵӣһ壬غ«һ㣬ɳȥ
ɢȥʱǶһþ˵
𣡡


28 ɽ
ڣһλһʯĽ˷ˣҶһУ¼Ӱ棬˹Ŀ
ӰһַǳʯԼ¼һʱӰ񣬷ǳϡ١
˷ӹӰָϱᵯһ£һâͶǽϣҶһУĳǽϡ
Ҷ￴һĻȻᾪ°ͣͶӰǰʵȽ̫ˡ
˷ȤĿ淢һУҶһȭǧٽʱ˷ͫһȻСӵӣû㾡ȫСصĹ
ҶﱻҶʯһŭı飬˷粻ݸԸӻǼƷ
Ȼ˵ʲô˷⿴ǵͣܲµĲࡣ
Ҷʹսȭͷʯʱ˷ԭŲˮ֣鲻ԽĶһ£ˮϡ
Ա״°һԳ˵򶨣Ҳ̫ˣ
ΪʱֳĲûеӰӵ
УҳɢҶﳤɱֳȭơ
ԭڹ㳡ߵĲʯӦķѣɢһء
á˷縧ƴЦȻ˷翴еˣĺӣֻҪԼĥ´ؾʱؽһ
һ㶣ˣȻҶʷǳãҪؾʸ񣬿»ЩѰɣ
㶮ʲôҶŶǱûע⵽ҶղȭͷӴʯͷһɲǣȭϸһ˵Ѿˡ˷
ⲻܰɣţֻŨһ̶ȣܴﵽţͨʿҲֻԶƤëֻʦܹͨİЩš
ûȻֻһΣǾšǳãҲܰҴԸӰ飬ҲĿˡ˷ĵ̾
ˣȥɣסҶκвҶﰲȫˣɱ⣬Իʹˡ˷ĵ
ǡӦʧڷڡ
Ҷ⼸ƣԴϴαױţͷ֮󣬾һֱڷ
ʵЩܲĿĸоһŮѾȫȫΪż񣬾ͲȥĤˡ
⼸ҶһֱͷΪߣٶȲûбû֮ҶԲԼѾһٽ㡣
ǰһԼͿͻˣǵٽԺ󣬲Ҷôڵû˿仯
Ҷ𽥻¾ܹ¾֮ʱҪ֮
̾˿Ҳ˵ڵҶôƴŬԺΪҲõ羢ˡ
ڼʵڲ󰵽ĺõطȥˡ
ҶҶǰ֪ԼҪȥɽҶһ㶣Ҳû˵ʲôֻСһ㣬û˵ʲô
ԭΪҪһҶҲһ£û뵽һصĸ׾Ȼ붼ûʹӦˣҶЩ벻ͨ
ҶҲȥǣֻҪܳȥУΪߣҶܾҶң֮ͬ񣬲ܷſֽš
׵ͷҶص䣬׸ľֱܵȥɹһЩƷˡ
ҶȥıӰЩǵص峤ôȥɽ
Ҫ֪˻ĳ⣬޾ĴɽΪãɽԱħ޶಻ʤһЩֻڴɽΧߣҲǾΣյġ
İɣǹ˸أİɡҶųζĵ
ҶڷɹʱǰԼҪĶȫãа񣬱һЩߣһЩרãҩƷ
ЩҶﻹɹ˴Ĺư裬νףָĵϣһѡ
ڶһ磬Ҷ˴ţһ·ţҰûˣչ粽һ·ۡ
̶̰ʱгٶ;ľɿӹҶһִδйĿС
ʱıûҶе˿ƣԽˬǰɽò½Ųǹȡ
ŵһ·һλħ޼ٽǽǰߵɭ־Ͳһˣǵĵ̣ⲻá
ɭ֣ǲ϶ҶǰûģɭԹ߱氵˺ܶ࣬ҶܿӦһ·Сĵǰȥ
ֱнһʱҶȻͣסŲ۾֪Ǻηһ·Ҷĳ֪кιɣ
һƬžûӦ
ҶһЦһ˲ܺϰĴ£̧ͷϵǰҪϱߴһ𣡡
Ӣ۳֪꣬Ҷô֪µĴڵġһɫӰҶǰ
һɫˣͷϴһңһɫĽ£Ƭһֺܺõαװ
û´ĻӦڳɡҶûлش⣬ֱʵ
Ҷǵʱ򣬾;һֱٵĸоҶø
ֻǸٵ˷ǳҶ޷ȷֱһʱ⣬Ҷɵľ룬պҶʶֵķΧȻһ¾ͷ
һǳӰ֮һԹӾûж⣬С˷Ӱȫ˵ŻһԼƣݸҶ
ҶûнƣΪҲϲһϢǳǿᣬȻҶ޷Ϊ֪϶һλ佫ĸ֣ҪԸԼҪˣЩСֶΡ
͸ˣ»ȥɣСֻԼһͻߵʱʱ̱̿ţҲʧȥˡҶ
ЩΪˣȥ»ᱻ𷣵ġһЩƵĵ
İɣ֮ͨˣԲģת壺Ҷ־Ϊһǿߣע޷ڱ˵³ɳҶ֣صĵûаỹء
ðɣͻȥһεĵͷʧ֮С
Ҷͷǰ˼ͣ½ŲЩϷʵص¸СϷ˼ܷһΣͻֵᷢڶΣ
һ뿪͵͵ǱţϾȥЩġ
Сģӵ£ǱҶӦһƣһ̥תֱӱ֣ʵûٸȥˡ
ΪӰǱ֮ȻͣһսӰһ֣˶ˡ
ͷɥһ˷תҶĻ
˷ɫ©һ˿Ź֣˿һһʱ޲õи죬ȥ
ˣҲˣСһֱЩ͸û뵽ϴαչ¶ʵȻеƣСӣô˼أ
˵ҲûҪΪһǿߣͱԼϾԼġ˾ȥɣ̫ļˣŷһôͼĴ˷̾˿
ҶＸζûзһֱٵĸоҲʧˣóͼ±ʶһ·򣬼
߼䣬͵Աһһɫ˶Ӱ
Ҷһʱǰһ
üһ


29 ϰ󰵽
һ׸ߵĺɫǣӳҶëһ˫ȭͷС飬ž޿ڣҶɭ׵ݣź⡣
Ҷ°СҵعԹԡôôǰһͷţҲûôɡ
һ¼䣬ϳǰĹΪǣһħޣж磬צӺݷǳ˺һƤס
ҶŵʱҲһףǾףҲҶоԼԱ˺ܶ࣬׾͸˵ˡ
Ȼ׵ķôɫɴʹһƽʱĺɫۡ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣƽʱԣӽУֹͬؼ׵ߣҪסħޣͬȡֵĻᡣ
ˣǳ߲УŶӾΣˡ
ҶȻսˣɱħ޷ȷʵһûоĲ
ǳһûдЧǰצڵһţһתۣԸٶҶ
Ҷ˫һУûٶǹһᣬסǵ˫צǹצײȻų𻨣
ǳ˫צ裬ʱſ죬ֱӱҶҪȥûһɱŸϢĳζ
һһڳǵϣһһǧصĳǱ߷ɶԶзصˤڵϡ
ʱ򣬳ǵ۾ѪȻˣƣǵûóǸе־壬ԣŭһҶＱ
Ҷ˫ֳǹɨ
ۣ
ǹڳǵͷϣǵͷ­ʱͬѵһ㣬׷ɽصˤڵϡ
Ҷﰵнңղų֮󣬾ͺ˼Լ϶Ҫһ
ǵùĵһֻħ޾Ȼ蹷ĥ󰵽ֻҪڸϻȥѧԺˡҶһ£ǵʬ壬ûзִ˵еħ޾ˡ
Ҷʱ򣬿û׼ٸԺҪˣҲĿ֮һ
ҶﲻȷǱûУǱԼһ´ˣӽָͳһСɵ޹ǵǵ£ռָ
վǵʬǰҶĬˡ¾¾תҶ﷢ʬϣֳһϸ۲֣ᷢһС
Ҷ֪ǡ¾˵ֻ֮ҪԼգôԼϾͿԽˡ
뵽ߣҶﲻЩѪˣҶǣǷν
ɭǰ˰ʱҶһĵһƬտĲݵϣҶ﷢һͷţ
һͷߵţһƬԡ
ţһħޣΪ󣬷ˣʹǶħ޶Ըǣһħеߡ
ţҶ˷ܵĴһǹռָţȥ
ţʳԸʳ⶯ﻹҪ꣬ʶǿѾħ޸̤ء
һС㣬Ȼ޼ɵĶԼʱŭ죬Ҷȥ
ţıܣ涼𶯣һһСӰûаͣͣײһ
أ
һ죬ݷɽ
Ҷﱻײ߰ԶվȽŲֽǵѪղ΢Щֱۣ񷴶˷ˡ
ͷţҲܣҶһȭһԴκģðβŻָ
Ҷûţţһٿ񹥡
ţΪİȻҲǿϳԿһٽǶߣβ͸ֱͬһ㣬Ҷһʱ䲻֪˶ٴΡ
㲻ʱ䣬Ҷϲ֪˶ټǣ˺ֽۣһչ粽һ·쭡
ȻţҲŭˣһֱ׷ʮݣݣؼٶʵڲǿֻ㬵ĻصԼĵ̡
Ҷһˮ̶Լϴһ飬ܶ˿ڻڵѪһˮ۵Ҷ졣·Ѿòɴֱ
ת󰵽ŹתҶ˿ڣϣ裬䣬£˺Ȼһ˿˺۶
۾ԼϹƤɢŽϢɵ¶һЦ
󰵽һ幦Ӽ֮⣬Ч
ֻŹЩԲеζǾϰߣҪͣıˣ岻ͣ˺𽥽ס
Ҷﵽǧϡ󰵽ű׼ֻҪﵽ֪֮ͭҪٹܶ˲С
ɫѾĺʱ֣һ˹ʱϽ˸طһЩ߽ħ޵ķ㣬ϵһЩҩˮ
ЩҶóߣһϴɾУ뾲ĵϣʼ
ʱ䣬˱ǣҶó꣬ãûһʮ⣬ȫҶĶӡ
֮Ҷֱӽ񣬴⻹ǵһҶﳨθڳħ⣬Ͼھ¥ԣʵۡ
ڵ֮Ҷ﷢˸о֮⣬Ҷﻹȵķ֣Լ·һЩ
ֿл˼ȭٶȾȻȰһЩȻȲǷǳĴ󣬲ȷʵǿôһ˿
ҶﰵϲƳʲô͵⣬ʲô͵Ҷ˲һͷͬӴСţˣˮЩԾ
ļ죬ڴɽһֱһĻţսͣţ֮ʱȺҰĴӴܡ
ֱ죬Ҷ˫ţ޽ǣһֱӽţˤ߻ء
ţҲûеı꣬ڵͬһͷ˳ĸţһ㣬ĿҶ
ǰʱԼռϷ磬ʱƣǰС࣬ÿһо˵ķԾԼֻʵʵıŰ
м߶ÿԼӣǱݺݵһ٣ţᣬ˭˭ˡ
Ŀ˿Լ˫֣˫Ѿֳ֮ͭɫо˱ըԵ
ţͷþɥҵġ󰵽ﵽͭţǹûˣҾͲˣǲɣ
ţܲҶת뿪Ƭݵأ
Ȼǵؽ׸߼ţҲҵʵʵķԾðɣȻˣͽеڶƻɣ


30 
ãɽ͸Ҷķ϶ȻůŴأһЩ֪СޣּĴ
໣
һ
ɭԭּϷСһǣɢӡ
䡱һ졣
һ˲ܺϱĴȻ©һһСӰ
ǸСӰһ꣬Ȼõݺύ˺ۣǱ
ֳֳǹ·һѳʵɢǿơ
һͷɸߵľ޴ܣһߣһ۾ͻϳһͷħ޴رܡ
رħУǷǳѶԸһ֣ʿСӣرܣһҲжԶ߶Զ
Ϊرһǳ޳ܵܵвʱ򣬻״̬սԶԸĴرܣǳ˴Զɱ̸֣֮ɫ䡣
Ĵرܣȫ˿״̬ϼɼǵ˿ڣʾǳ⡣
ǹҶʮǿħޣһǶħеٮٮߡ
ҶȫսʱŽرˣ֮ǰҵһѵõĻᣬҶȫһǹ˴رܵࡣ
ĴرѾǿ֮ĩһħޣʱͱˣɼرܵǶôǿ
໣
رַһŭ
ƴȫ˹ȥ
Ҷڵһ㣬Уǹǹʹһ
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ۣ
ǹֱӴӴرܵ۾룬͸Զ
رܺȻأ΢鴤£Ͳˡ
Ҷһһƨڵϣһսرʵ̫ǿˣĿڵһǹˡ
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˴ʱʱ䣬ǰԼָæС󰵽Լƻָ
Ҷָ۷ʱѾȥʱˡ
ҶվΣǹӴرϰγӦһԼȷʵڶ״̬¾
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ȻûиݣҶֱħ޵϶Ҫһ׵ĺϺܶࡣ
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ҶҲħޣҲ൱սʦħ֮׵ĴرܶѾԼĶӣԼ׵ħޣԼܵĻᶼûС
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ҶһͺȣرܵӰһǣţƮҶüġ
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ӰһȦϱ͸ӣҲԭС˻ƶС
ҶҲβסԼ˷ܣ쳤Х
һХŹˣܹ֦Ҷ׷׹Ұɢ㴫ϰ
ֵһյϣһŮĸϢ˶ʿǿߣһɭͬһ㣬Ǵﵽսʿ۷塣
Хͷһݣһӵۺκһ˲ǳᣡ
ɭӵνֲȥοĸأһʦǰҲδֵ˺áǻҪˣڴ۹бȻ˵֣
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ڵѾǳէĲˣ֪͸ӽ֣֮֡
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ߣΪسҶ÷һߣΪǴﵽʿĿֲҶᡣ
ֽϴرܵʬֱսռָ˷Ŀռָ󣬴رܻǱԼܳԶپ٣ʣµĿԻص˻ĳ
뵽ҶһԼһռ䣬ɵĶϽԼǰ
֪ǲԼĴ·Ͻһ㣬ֺû
ûҶ˼һһ۴ĹҶǰ
Ҷﲻɵ˵һεõ¾ĳǴεʹоЩ¡
Ҷû˿ԥֱֵ򣬶ʱһɴϢעҶԺС
һβûеʹֻ࣬΢ľǵĶѡ
ϸĶһԺеϢҶոƽģʱֱû
䡷Ҷﱾ֣ûЦͲûˡ
ϸĶЦˣԽԽ죬ⲻ㣣ǿУǿġ
ҪͣԼԼ
ϸϱûнֻ˻йʲôûУֻܿԼˣôˣһһɡ
ѾͻߣҲһˣҪУѡ󰵽ͭɣĿǰ֮ء
ֽǹУһ˿Уǹϵ΢΢һʱʹúﵽǧ
ųصĲãɽȥ


31 
ԭڴڵһȺٷͷĿԳƼ˶Ϊĵ
ΪϴɭӰ˺ݺһ۵ϴΣɱǸŵõһսƷǸͷϼһϣȫҵٺ١˵ɭϸֳһĨݶ
˵ǴΣʮƯŮǸţǹɱˡŮȥˣϴЩŮǲϧеδĵ
ĻԱ߰ӵĸ͡ʱҾ;˷ܣ
һ۵ҲϢʲôʱܳͷҪĶŵͼ˲ֶβ˿ϲ죬õϢ
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ϼһļǰժƳ˵ͼϼһ׼ȥһױģû뵽ǣʱʱӦѾˡЦЦ˿Ÿӵɭ
ʵʲôáһֱû˵ٸʱ
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ĲҽУѶԶҶﶼһ
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֪һ϶׶༪ˣǾǴﵽףӦ׸ߵȵĴڣ֮ǰ˲ˣļʼΪ㡣
ĸһ½ָ氲ŵҶݺݵһ¿ˮʧɽȾͷ


32 춯
һεɽһߴɣҲʮɵٲ棬һ۵ɽ
ѷôһѨҶڿռָһĨһҶУһŨ˲Ѩ
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һȣһǰδе֫ٺһȺƤС㣬ڻζ
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ת·ˮɺɳһ㣬ٵıգûаֵͣ͡
ÿתһ죬ԼΪž˵һ̩ȫûаʹࡣ
ʱ䣬ҶŰһȫգҶѾʵʵˡ
վΣҶȭתȭͷϵĿ΢΢Ťͺһ
ۡ
һȭֱҽ߼Ӳʯ֮ڣֱû⡣
ִʯͭɫȭͷҶĿԸײˣǽ󰵽ͭɵЧ
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Ҷ츳ǿᵽһֲ˼ĵز߸޷ġ
ϵĻҳҶҲóȥˣһγһˣռָԵҲˣȥ¸
ٲ߳ˮ̶ϴ˸裬ǱˮףһٽĴ㣬һȭΣʼ㡣
һʱҶŶӣ˿ҶԼԼˣѵԼһԻ
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ȻҶóһ̣ȻĿ΢һ£Ȼû˵
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ȻŭСѧ˭ãƫƫѧӵ˵ǻһ仰Ǹղź˵ġ
ȻԱ۾ȫͼָһ
ҶȻԼеȤͻȻһ죬Ȼһɢ


33 ʵɱ
ֻǺӣҡҡλεվֻڵѾû˸տʼ緢öѾķѣɢһء
Ҳֻʣ°أò©һڼףֻڼϣһӣѪ졣
Ҫ˿ף컹ˣڵӦһû˰ɣȻǱЦ
ǰ龰ȻĿһ˿ĿҶһۡ
Ҷﱻһʹ˳Ȼһеĺ壺ǾɱҶɱ
ѪӿóҶǰȻԼźһһصҪȥҪ̤ҵʬ壡
ҶվԼǰȻоȻĪһůĸоָоܰ
ҶĻӷЦСӣҶаôЦЦƾһССߣҲʵ·
䣬һֻӳϲӬһҶʱоһɴæȫһƺߣ
ҶкȻǻߵѾˣôǿơ
ͷһ۳ȻĿоȻһ˿УҶʱٴѪڣΪһۣƴҲֵˡ
һȫͬˮӿǹǹϵģ˲ŶаŭҶȥ
һ
ҶﱻĹԶ˸һѪǱĴӵ
аҲ˼Ǹһ˿ѪҶʱϲ˵ǹһҡ
аʽҲǻõùԪˣʹƽʱʮ֮һǿյļȫޡ
һߣʿҲ̧ܹɱ֮ϧҶ
Ҷǿᣬƾۣһʦ޷֮⣬ǲҪĸӲƴ˻ˣаʸĲ
һᣬаʼҶһǹԼļͷǣȭֱҶؿȥаսҶһǹֻЩˡҶﰤԼһȭԱɡ
֪һʼǿ߻ƴȥɱһߣƻᾪһ°ͣҶ԰ˡ
аʲֵԼҶ۾΢΢һУһ˿壬Ҳ˿ûиıԼĹ
ҪۡȻļҶѣȻԼ˼أܿڣһһѪȾǰ½Ե
˵ʱʱ죬˲ײһ𣬲ǣҶ;ɿ˳ǹаһƻԷǰء
飡
飡
죬а˿δҶȴտݣɳȥ
ҶоͷɢˣµʹЩΣһ֧ͻˡ
վûгɹббĿһʯͷһߴϢһЦôаʴˣ˻ˡ˭Ӯˣȣ
Ѿ飬ʧʱĶаңЩӵص벻ҶаʣһǿɱΪɱң
ҶﲻмЦˣɣ벻βӡУɲ᳤Ѳ׾˾˲ı̬ģ
Ҷа˻ˣʵǽƾͼƣҶһĳġơѡ󰵽ȫתؿڡ
һĲҶĶаѾûơߡơԻ߶ԣһЦĿǰҶĶˡ
ҶЦĶһ𾪵ĳȻָһʤƣһĵģ
ȻȻأ˿ûӰҲû뵽³çҶȻĻ֮ǰһжҶⲼ֣ôĻ̫ˡ
ܺãɱҵˣΪ˽㣬ôҪˡа˵ţȻȻء
ңΪŴģҶƲƲǲм
˿ʹߵаʵʬԱߣϵĽָ˹һȦһЩķѵĲƬûаֵ
ŶаǼϱףҶһ£ʵһ˿ܱʼǿߣĿ϶˲õı
ȻϱиĿӣ˿ӰķҴҲû˭Ц
Ҷˣ˲Сϼ׸̾˿૵ص֪·ô
ǿߵĹᱻɣʦµһһ
ģطˣףǣҶ͵Ļͷһʱһ
һ͸ӰԼ󣬱ĿԼ
аʣȻ壿ҶһΪӰаһģһ
˵ҪˣǳãߺõĶ࣬Сɡаһĳ˹
СģᡱȻղһֱ˹ָʱһĵ
ǻûҶﷴӦаһҶüģҶʱüһʹ
ȻԼʶ֮УаҲУֻҶʶеֻһ߶ߣаȴʮɶߡ
벻ʶ˹ǷˣֻҪ壬ʮ꣬ұػط۷壬ʮڽڲ⡱а˷ܵĴС
Ҷһ仰Ҳû˵ֻĿ
СӣҲþܳΪҶаʵĶӦøеҲŶԡаʰȻ
ˣȻҲɻߣ漣ͷ˶֪ǿЦͷߵʲôɡҶһ
ʲôаʻͷһʱŵĻɳĶϽɢŵĹΡ
аʸоͷᶼˣתܣӳҶʶ
ϧǣʱϽһĹâڶаϡ
һҽУаʵʱɢ̱ϽգƬ̺һƮҶ
ҶȵľʱȻ֪ϽҶ֪ϽԼ̣Լ޷߶˸ܵϽԲɱ۸Լġ
סţʱϢԺ֮УȻһ֮ҶûϸжϾ滹һĳȻڲʱ
ȻۼаʶҶжᣬֽæ˹ָϣڶɹ֮ǰҶɱаʣҶܶһʱ䡣
ʱչȥʱ䣬Ҷﻺ۾Ȼ
ȻӦҶһۣʱݲҵĿһƬҰ
ҶҲû˵ųȻ©һЦָһʤơ
ȻĿʱһ


34 ʹ
ãɽ죬ʯᾣʱǿħ޳ûһЩСҰĴӡ
ֻеһյأȷʵκħ޶ҿһ޴ĿӣֱʮȻѾȥˣȻɢڻߵѹΧħľ
ڿӵһѩ׵Ӱϥһʯ˹ˣΧĿʱķŤԵʥ졣
һ㴫Ȼ΢΢۾ֻҶｫһֻȵݸԼ
Ȼ΢΢һ죬ͬа֣ӹҶĿȡ
лл
ҶٺһЦСһ׮԰ζͲˣ
һȻжһѾµСһƬ⣬ӣУ׽ÿһôĿ
ҶĿųȻҪˣԶܳԵôÿ˭ҪȢҪҸˡ
ҶĿԼɫ΢죬ȻЩֵĿҶһ۵һֱң
ȣʿζΣҪӵʲôϲҶεĿһ£еûһĵ
ܺóԣû뵽ôáϸƷζһ£ȻĿһ˿졣
ǺǣóԾͺãŪ˺öء˵Żȥԣ
ݸȻҶصѱߣﻹһ˶ţȣѾĲˡ
ҶλãպñųȻֱӱԼСţȾͿС
Ҷ˿εĳԷȻݸ𵭵Ц⣬꣬ĺرԴϴδսѾȥ졣
ڼҶ˵ÿ춼ΪȻ׼ḻʳϾͻûʹԼԼΪʲôаɱҲǰֲᡣ
óȻǰ꣬ŨŨĺ棬ߵԱߣôһĹҶеţȣѾֻʣһѹͷˡ
ﻹڴѾһţȣҪУȻֳȻæװһ˹ĵĳࡣ
֪ǲװ̫ˣͣĴҶɫǵͨ졣
ŮǰʧҶƤĺȣҲЩΡ
ҶǱģЦĳȻ͡һЦ˳оЩʧ񣬸æֹס۾ѾȫЦ⡣
һЦͬһţҶо·綼ΪЦ࣬ĿųȻöˡ
ҶִԼ֪ҶﱻԼò㵹֮ŮĽӲҲϰˡ
ֻһעֻķУǱҶĿţȻһϲΪҶ峺ûаа֮⡣
ôģһΣյģһħޣʱҪֽʵ㷢ڶ󣬿Ҷ
ҲЩһֱ벻ͨ⣬һ߸ܵĽħ޻ķΧֱ
ұģ˭֪һ·ɱɱģ£ǰЩսŰģ̫ˡҶ𵱳սʱĳֱɽʯһƬȡ
ûʲôĽģ㵽߾磬ҲڵսߡҶȻҲǷǳġ
ܹʱܷӳսʦսҾȻֵܹаʵĶᣬò࿴
ʶôã֪ءȻЩ˼ĵ
ҶҶҶ
˳ţȫĻͨˡ
ˣҶллңлһؽ׹塷һ幦ǳʺ㣬ϣ㲻ҪƳ١һ̯һؼС
Ҷһ㶣ûнؼǳĬһ£̾ϢҪ뿪𣿡
Ҷûеõؽ׹ϲãŨŨʧ䣬һʹҧһ촽ǵģٹ죬ҾҪȥˣ
Ŷ
Ҷﲻ˵ϵţͿС
ȻĵİؼҶߣתҪߡ
ҶｫؼץֱӶȻҲҪؼ㻹ûȥɣ
ȻЩŭصΪʲôǳҪģ۹ߣõóؽ׹ûɣ
ҶҾһΪñؼ㳶ƽ𣿡
ҪȻЩգƽʱº͵꣬ôһͻȻء
ҲôҲˣκĶǾˡҲҪĶֻҪԶǵҡҶ˵ΪЩɳơ
ҶĻԭЩĳȻվԭأһκ̾ϢһҶʵһɣϾˣ
ȻصԭĵطҶû˵ֻƴĿţȡ
ѵĻת˥Ϩ󻯳һѻҽһ紵ɢֻǵȻһƬƵĺۼ
󣬳ȻѾָ˹ɢǿϢʥʣ粻ʳ˼̻ӡ
ʱӵĿǰҶӣ䶯˼£û˵һ仰
ҪôҶ
Ȼ˵ͷ
εЦЦߵȻǰͻȻſ˫ۣıס˳Ȼ
ȻҲû뵽Ҷ˷֮Уκһ°ĽԼҲû˸֣οһӱڻС
ǻһˣôȻһɱˣҶû֡
Ҷ𿪣ǼҶ峺ˮ˫͸˸УͷһʹҶﱧסԼ
һֻ˲еϢ˳ȻͷůаȫУһ֮дûйᡣ
֪˶ãֿҶ֣صصҲˣһ֤㿴
Ҷ˵Ļ쳣ᶨһһ䶼ڳȻķ֮ϡ
Ȼԥ˰Σ·ĳּѵľݺһҧһȡ
Ҷﶨһһ壬ɷ֮Σ͸߹һϢڻ·֮
Ȼ壬Ŀ𽥱ļᶨĽĹҶĲϡ
ķҶգȻôᶨôҲһѣܲٴ漣ڣܽߣɵɽҡ
ܣҲҪǿԼúõĻȥҪġסҵĻʵϣҪңֻɱ֮
ȻĿһĨԣĿҶһۣתȥһ̳Уע룬ռһ󲨶һâڳȻϣռŤȻӰ˲ʧ
Ҷ·һ˲ʧȥʧǵĿųȻʧĵطȻˮεĺۼ
ҶҲ̲סһ񺿣һֻ˵Ұޡ
ϿȥһƬư֣ܵмһ֮УһССκڵ㣬ԵôĹ¶ô


ڶ ѧԺ


35 ۶
۹˻ĳҶң㳡ϼҶҵӣ˷ܵĿ̨ϵİ˸ˣĿĽ
˸ӣŮУͻ߳Ϊʿǰ۶ӣҶа˸ӸոͻߣѧԺĿʸ
˸̨϶βסԼ˷ܣһ쿼ûϣģһǰҶĻع飬һбĲͬˡ
Ҷ¶ʱˣæټصļʦʱ佫ʮö˼ƷҺҶȻаٶӣÿ˶ֵƿ֮ࡣ
ҩºͣԷĴ󵨵ķãҶҵӵΪʱ㣬ֱ죬аΪʵĵͻߣҶ诸ͻƵ߶졣
ﵽصҶҵӣжʮˣ˵ΪҶպ𣬴ء
ݣ
һƹ㳡ϵƽһͷչɵķħ˹㳡ϡ
һͷħӥצӸǷĿɽʯ
ӥĽ䣬һӥϵĺ꣬ӳ˵
ҶԵøϢҲأûай¶һ˫·ԶһС
ӥҶڻؼ;ѱģ⻹ҪлʣϽ꣬һּҶū֡һּҶūԼ͵ħޡ
μ峤ȫҶҵӹеĵӸ巢ĵļ
ҶҶ֮еԱҶ컹ҪߣܴһѾҶﵱԼż
Ҷ˻һ񣬶̨ϵİ˵ȥμˣ֮һ۶
ת̨µҶҵӵǲܲμѡΣǻ£һѧԺѡεʱ򣬱ؽǵһϯ֮أ
۹ѡһ죬ҶǸһ죬˵ˣҲ˵ңΪǵΪһе׵ģûʲôڶո¶ͷǡ
Щ˴ԲμһѡΣʱǵΪͳǿ̡
˶ӥıվãһ£ӥһڿն𣬷
峤Ҷҵ
ҶҾͰиλֵܽˣһҶĳʧģټˡӥѾһڵ㣬ҶĴҵĶУþòɢ
Ҷҵһ¥ϣӥߣҶ췢һ̾Ϣڻˣ
һԵĶϵͷӥһҪչ߷ɣھ֮ϣֻѧ֣
ǰԲʮݱֻħѾװ
˷һףֶɨǰˣͷħҶҵоˣԼҵˣżҵֻжˣҹżҵĶ˻һá
ҶҵĵӷȥżͬˣҶͬˡ˷
һˣӭգͷħޣŵ۶
˷һֻǿĽħҶ󣬾һֱû˵ĬĬ
˷翴ҶһۣȻ֪ҶϷʲôԴɽʱ޿̲ƴ
˷Ҷ춼ʹҶҶ˵ֻ˵Լʱܱ󣬲ܹ˷ѡ
֪ɽҶܵ˺ܴĴ̼ƽʱǻԸ񶼸ıࡣ
ҶȲҪˣ˵ЩҪ¡˷
˵Ҷ۾ĵ
ƴǺ£ǷҪиȣ̲Ӧöðɡ˷Щǵĵ
ҶЦİɣ壬һպó߶ȵģֻҵʱĺܽҶڵΪѾﵽľ磬սʵΪֱֵһӡ
ֻп˵֪Ŀʣ׼ҶΪ߻ħˡ
ҶÿȻʱȻ˵龰Ҷľһʹ
ĸоȻﲻųԼΪһЩΪ֪ԭòܾԼ
ҶᵽȻǻʼǿߣʹࡣ
ðɣԼҪ˵ǣѧԺʱҪעһЩˡ˷Щĵ䡰ˡҧĺء
Ҷһã˷һ£ҶȻ
۹ʮɣ˻ĳֻһ˿ܶȺͿԴ˻ĳĩ
˻ĳ˿ֻİٶ򣬶ٵĶмǧʵۺǸ˿ڹڡ
ǵĳۣƫƫ˷ĶͷĸӢ˷֮ģ壬˳֣޶նɱ
޾ʹ˽£˫ƴΣ¼Ҷûռˣ˷˷۹սڴ۹ºպսܻʵ۰¼ֻʱ
˷ӵп¼Ƶ壬ǿû֤ݣ޷¼֡
ͣս¼Һ˷Ľûֹͣת¼ҽսתƵѧԺ
ÿѧԺ˻ĳǵѧԱѹ̧ͷֻ踺ء
һЩӱҵģܲƣᱻ̨ϴİзϡ
ѧԺȻڵ۹֮⣬ܵ۹ԼѧԺڣԼĹء
ѧԺ֮дˣû˹ܵģ̨ϱ䣬ֻҪɱˣһжϹء
ÿ˷ѧԺܵ¼ҵĳ˷һӻȴ޴й
ѧԺսϣ˷˵һͿء
˶ͷ˷ɫЩصصһѧԺͬ˲żԺǧҪСģ
һԳǵĹѩʮߣʿΪˡ
 ڶǵʵŮֻʮ꣬ȴѾʿΪǺķԣ缲磬֮ͬУʤ
 Ϊҹ꺮ԷѩǴʮ꣬ʿΪˮе֡ԣᣬϲ˽Ӵ
һλǣΪĽףʮ꣬ʿΪǻԣ츳ߣͨʮսһսʦ汣ֲܡ
˵˷̾˿ȻУǲɵò̾˲ű˻ĳĪ
ǹһٶʮѡʿ߾ʮˣݸ˻ĳǱԵð˻ĳʵ̫ˡ
ҶΪѾˣǸǱ㻹ѷһҪǶռԴƣ
ԺЩһҪСЩҪǷͻܶͶ㣬ĽףԲҪӲƴᣬһԻڵҪѧ͡˷Ҷļĳĵ
ҶʢܲƣԴ
Ҷ˵ͷһ̣ܽȴΪȻһȺСƨӣòҪңҶల£ҵʱܱ󣬿ûʱ˷ѡ
Ҫĸ۵ļһǵԼԲ֪Ϊʲô졣
쵽ҹĻʱһֹͣ˷УһվϢսվһ䲻ȵصû뵽ΰ˻ĳǾȻôŰ֪мͨˣһȥأ


36 ̫
ֻǰʮλŮΪ׵һʮ¸ˣݣԳ°ͺܼ⣬һֺܲദĸо
Ӱһλǿߣ˷ȥμѧԺĿˣ˷һˡ
ӰǸߵĺܽʶ˷һУڷ̡
˷Ǹ˵ɫһص꣬ǲǸսߣͲ֪ߵغˣŲűһ
˵䣬ÿһۣҶ˽վ֮Уħרվʹ߹ιʳ
վҶ﷢վ¥һ㣬ʮӣвֶѾʳ
˷ҶߵλãѡӣʾֱӳԷҶĽֲ˼˵ٵĺأ⣬ɽˮԵĶǹ
㡭˷缫ΪĻİû˵ҲȷʵҼŭ˷磬һתһ˵˼䣬겻ɨҶһۣ˵ͷ
һȻҲǸյվҲվѡ˼£һɲɵĸպٽҶǵӡ
һٷԵĲ͵ҳ궫׼ŷϢʱһӰǵӵһˣһ롰һСġһԼҵӵĽϡ
ǸȻעʹԼҵӣʱʹһ
ӸæϡЦλ̨Բ²ģŹǵ˳̣СӦòҪɣ
ȻȥڵǸʵȴһĲмͳЩ˻ĳǵӣѧԺһֱ۸̧ͷ˿еġ̡Ƕ԰˻ĳǵѪܵķ̡
ɫһ䣬׷վȭͷյĽģֻҶɷƵ·ʲôûһ
˲û³çĳȥΪǳԾķ֣ǵˣȻǿʿߣֻεİŭѹ¡
˷ɫʱ֪걳ָʹģκԼֱӲֻ֣Ų˵
˼˸ŭԣ޼ɵЦȻһȺڹ
ţʦ˵̫ˣǾһȺСë꣬ɱŻǣ
Ǿǣһ˶ȥˣѧԺ˺ܶȤ
ΰ˻ĳǵǳƯ椰ҪǿͶǣǲ
쵰żҵӹվΣһŭĿǡ
żһλӣҲǹãС¼վΣʱһæ
ԼŬ죬Է˷ӦλţʦֵȻ׷ŹмصȻС󣬸ɴײ꣬Ҳ۸㣬ֻҪܽסУӰǵĵӼǰ˻ĳǵĵӾƵôҲ
ʲô̫ڼҲŵӣصΪ죬ûܹ
ƿԼãǰĿ˵ļһҾ֪˻ĳǵĵûһث֣
վ˷ҶĿͬʱһ˿ͣ³ç˿ܻԿ³çҵˣվɲ˴
ãһҴſ¿ɲҪŶԼɹ˶Էŭ𣬼ԼͶһ˿οĿ⣬˷ˡ
ٷϻɡȻŭȴ㲻Ҵ⣬ȫתסȫ
ãҾŶҪסţʦĵ
˵껰һѾǰһȭݺݵĶ¡
ÿٶȡ˴һʿʵ𣿺ÿ¡
ţʦֵһȭʱеɽѹæ˫ۣ͵һܡ
أ
ɢ
ʱһ𣬽µש˺ö顣
ǹȷʵȵؼסţʦֵһ¹ʱ˻ĳһٺȲʡ
ּͣ
ţʦּȻܵסԼһҲһ㶣漴߳ŭںߵ˶ڿԼأԼӮƯС
һ٣ҽϢֱ߳νޱȡ
ȻһؿʹûȻָԷڶѾǿʹҲһ߳
ǲһͷѵ˵ĶУ˷֣ѾΡ
û뵽ǹûԼȣһȭ
Ȼû뵽˱뺷ţʦֻæֵһ£Ȼ˰벽
Ӯ˵֣ͱһȭڵأһصĲؿڣʱһѪ
ſҸ硱ѪСҲ̲סҪȥѸл
С¹һţʦ֣͸¶ԹúõһݣȫˣԼǰ
ţʦֺȵ䲻ļһǣǳսôһȺѣ
һȭŹС»䣬С±ϻԼĸ磬û뵽ܵ
Ӧʱ򣬹ѾǰæһǱȭ˼磬ɶ
ʱҶһеһɱ⡣
ɳȥķպöҶ˵ţʦ޵˳˹⣬ҪҶˡ
ΪҶʼնûۿţʦһۣղŵһȭ˰˭סС£ܲסǹһɳȥҲһص㳡ӡ
С·һһֻĴ֣ס˹Сµİڵϡ
ҶС·ֽסԼľȻһֱĬҶҶסԼ⻹һθһǽӴеЩ
ֹСɫ԰ף㺹죬æһۻעڣ˲佫ڻҵ˳
Ҷע룬Сµɫָһ˿ЩصҶҸ
İɣңû۸ǰ˻ĳǵˡѹСķԼϣתͷţʦȥ
Ҷһһ߳ȴ̤һɱɣȫһӾ
Ҷ诵ǰһʱҶôϤǾҶҹ㳡ǸɱϵҶֻˡ
ͣ½ŲҶţʺǰɣ
ţʦ֡ţʦ־
ţʦֽűŤǽţʺְɣһţʺһ˵ƨţʺѾˣҪˣţʺҶﵭĵߵѾԵĹǰֽ͵˹СǰæͳҩΡ
Ҷղһ壬ֻȹۣؿڲֹͷѣʲôˣҩΣͿԻָ
˵˭ˣûסҵĵУҵĵȻ㡱ţʦִƱ֪ΪڵҶ˿־塣
ղҶԼʱÿһ̤Լͷϣ﷢һɳζͷ
ðɣܸղŵĴˣôҶġ
һӰǵ˵ֻһУҪܽӵ£ǰ˻ĳеתͷߣμ俼ˣô𣡡
ҶĻ˴һ˷綼ͷһ𣬲ʲôҲû˵ԴҶԽĿ͸Сˣ˾ȥڰɣҶžԵţûСԹͷ
ҽˡţʦĵ


37 ݺݳ
ţʦֽˣҶҲһЦҶЦЩ
ӰҶһжԼ׷׷ȻʲôЦĶĲֱڴǵ
СӲ˰ɣҪһлţʦ֣Ϊ˭һĽףҲһôĿɣ
ǣ֪ߵغСӣţʦһзϵǸϽˣ
˿ûӰ˵ĳҶţʦֵ׼û˵ĻҾҪʼˡҪû׼þ˵һǰ˻ĳǵĵӣԲ˲͵ϮֵֶΣ
ҶĻǶţʦֳķ̣ղŹС±˶óûгֵ˼֮ĶûУͱʵԵù
ţʦںصս֮ϣľΪǿˣֻ˵ˣֵ˭
ţʦֵĻ˻ĳߵĵӶߵĵСȴ˵ͨ졣
Լ̫棬ȷʵ޴ģôһ˳˳ˮʱܹί۾˲
žžžҶ֡˵úãţʺֵĻе
תͷŹСµķżҵСãҪסˣҪСĶ֣ΪĶֲһˣҲпޣǳһɵĲ£Կģ
Сίĵ˵ͷҲûںҶƺСãʵҶҪСһء
ԿҲ󣬱ϾҲ޵ıԣϧһţʺ˶ǵģûϣϴϴҶҡҡͷһĵ
͡ίĹС¶ʱ̲סЦһһ߰οСµҶ诵ŮҲЦ˳
һԵ˷綼ЩݸСͿ湻ģһۿֵ꣬ǻ۱ͬ˸̫߳ࡣ
һȺûһᵽҶ˼вЩΣ˻ĳһҲֻҶˡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬û˵ѾҶˣԸ˷ңлĻҶĵ˼ʧ
쵰ҳȫ㡱ţʦֵѾʼŤڵ֮Уһ˹ܵķ̡
˵žҪҶ
šҶֵ
ôˣղ˵󻰵ľͷôûˡţʦֲмĵ
ţʺ֣û뵽޲ıԣ޲̣ΪȻ޳ʿҶɫŹֵĿ
쵰Ҫɱ㡱ţʦֵصվѾˡ
ûᱩŭţʦ֣ȻģҪƽˣǰ˻ĳǵӼͷμοˡӰǲҲЩͷɣСĲ£ѵϵҲأ
ҶĻûа㹧˷أͿһ̱Ů˲˳ˡ
ҶĻһ֧֧ȫΪǿߣûκһСǰ񣬲̣ʧݡ
ҪôµɡԼƽһ˿ⶼǱҶġ
ãǿߣǲһҶ޵
Ҷ仰һЩҶҲȫôɺޣҶĻûֱӰ
ؽȱţʺǿĿɲһ㣬ҲҪǲǿĻô׻ˡҶҡͷԣķһ£óۡ
ҶĻȫѻȸһǿߣҶеĵһˣѵĲ
˷Ҳ̲סˣһЦЦ£˻ĳڵҲñˣ͵͵Ц
ֻ¿ɿӰǵĵӣҶ̫ЦǾԲЦ
˱ɫķϣҪװһûӣʹԲڿ̣ͰҶ˸׳죬ˣ뺦
ɫڣһ仰Ҳ˵Ϊһ˵Ҫ̲סɱˡ
ʱʾţʦֵɫˣʵ㵽ôϿ˵
ãҾ˵ˣһжӮˣȻᰴǰԼİ졣ҪˣҪСµǸҶһָꡣ
аװһһȵӣһж⣬⣬ô˵¡
á붼ûʹӦţʦ־ģȻ֪ҶôôţڶעԣѾռıˣҪҶĵĻԵ̫ˡ
ӦˣţʦֶҶ˵۸㣬һжʤȹ
ŶҿɾͲˡҶﵭЦЦ
ҲҶƣһһȭž磬ţʦֹȥ
ţʦһЦһĨһѴƳǰĵǰ
ɣ
޳ܣ
ֱף
˹Уţʦ־Ȼóһƣʱð˻ĳǵĵȺŭǹϵǵδ
ҶţʦֵĶû˿⣬һȭͷǰȥ
ֻҶһɲǣĿΪ֮һ·ͬˮһˣ˺Щͨ
˫۶ʱһ˿û뵽ҶȻǿ󣬸տʼȻûȫ
˷һ˿ϲҪߵö࣬ѾҶѾˡơȻֻһ˿˿ݹʷ׶ξơʵëǡ
Ҷһ˲䣬Ҫţʦ֣˲ͷ
ǡơǴӹɢ޵Ӱ˵Ķ־ս֮
ţʦһҧͷʹ˲ԼѹҴ⣬æȫע֮Уȫ
ţʦָ÷Ҷȭͷҵ˶֮ϣڴƵ˲䣬ҶȭͷƤһ±ͭɫ
ۣ
ĿɿڴУţʦֵĶ˲ķѣҶȭͷû˿٣صţʦֵĶϡ
ţʦֿѪͷȼһȥ
ڳɵۣЩţһ澫ɵĶƣЧûﵽͱ飬Ȼһжʤ
ӰǵĳĬͬ˻ĳǵĵǣһȫվղ˵ĹҲѾתҩõĲ˷ܵվ
һֽ࣬סţʦ֣̽һƣʱ־ŭ
ʱҲ̲סˣһСҪɱ㣡
һƶҶŻ䣬ҪҶ̱¡
ҶһɵЦţǲмû˿Ҫ߶ܵ˼ڳһǷı飬˼ǡѽţɱҰ
ûҶһǿϢʱԼ׹ѣæ󳷡
ž
ˣ˷ĲӬһһϣֱӰķɳȥǽڶײһ档
һ۴ӵǱһİӡһ۵ǲ԰ҶҰ˻ĳǵˣŲһ㣡
ߵĵӶЩɵǽǿ۽ˣ֣ǿ̫ѵˡ
ݣˣ˷ǲݵģš֪ԶˣڳǰԹĵҶ˷һۣתȥ
šҶĵģӣôô˽ᡣ


38 ִ۶
Ȼת˫ͬһ㣬ĶҶ㲻Ҫ̫Сô
ţһͣԾͲĲˣҲʮ꣬ôմ˰ɣʲôԼ֪ǿߵŭӣҶνʼ
ʮߣողߣҲ츳ǳˣƽʱעⱣҲʮͷӡ
Ůòڵˣ꣬Ҷһ仰˽ʮ꣬ʱζҪըˡ
Сһ˴ˣӦ˵ɣֻҪزˣôʲôҲǡҧһССߵǸĸɱһܡ
мƲƲ죬˿вУ㻹̸˴ˣĶãͲǵ߹۸ǰ˻ĳǵĵˣʱ˴ˣ
ҶҪģЩ궼ʲôҶ֪Ǿͳ촰˵һˣֻһ־棬Ǽ֪ڸģҲú棡
˵ҶԽ˵Խ󣬸ɴֱӱֿˣȻǴԽߣ˷ֶ԰˻ĳźС
㡭Ҷֱ£Ӳ˵һ䷴ĻЩȷʵѧԺѰ˻ĳǵĵ۸ĺܲңҲĿĵģȫΪǵĹϵ
ѽҵˣҪǸ͸Ͻģ㲻ǸҲνϾҪ۶ˣǲ˵Ӱǵߣ˲سŵ˵šǸһֺܳʱ򿴿ӰԴҶﲻĵ
ãҵǸҶĻץʹţϰ֮˼سŵŵԣʧ£ΪЦӰҲᱻۡ
ӲͷƤߵСǰһ飬ǵӲԣҴǸ
ҡҡС´ûôĳ棬ڸ米һʱ޴룬˰Ҳû˵ʲô
żСãҶϣô˰ɣȻǸǷȱ⣬ûϹҲû¹򣬲ǰ˻ĳǵһԺΪ󣬴ԿͲǼƽ˺Ҷһеӣȫ
ššáС½ŵĸϽӦоԼϢˣϣǰ״Ͻ
ɫ࣬һﲻת뿪
˼ҹССǰӣǻȥҪж£ʹǰǣɹСһƬİҶﻹһԲ˵
ӰǵڵӣҶĻһǱʧ˵С
˷ҶһۣЦͬʱصһǡ
ʹ죬ʹ죬˷ôһôʹ죬벻С˽ƻƵһֻ˷˷ܵĵ
˴˱˴ˡҶЦ
ҿûôĻôҲôˡ˷һ䣬ıĶ̰塣
ΪףΪǰ˻ĳüǺúúһ㡱˵Ż˷ʹ²òˣ˼̳þơ
һʱԭҶﲻϤĹżãҶһЩжԹϵԼӵܣҲ׷׸Ҷﾴơ
ҶǾƵɣ߲ܣˬԸôҴøУղһϵӵʿΪţʦ֣ôη
ϵҶƣؽۣŮҶĿ
뿪֮ʱ˾ͽ˻ĳǵʽǧѧ̣ҲһٴǷĵŷ
һʱڵӶȵĶᣬʹ߲Ѿ͵˸ԵķϢ
˷ҶֶԺ˼룬Ҷ˫Ŀ峺˿⣬˷簵̾ã緢Ҷ·𿴵ʱԼ
壬²ʲô鷳ɡ˷һƣҲԼϡ
鷳ʲô鷳ѧԺԼĹ˫Ըı֮Уˣ˸ȻǻûѧԺȥμӿˣôܵı˷һھƣмĵ
Ҳ˵ֻҪѧԺĹأǾҲûʲôඡҶ۷Ź⡣
ѧԺȻڵ۹֮⣬ܵ۹Ͻ޷͸棬ѧԺ֮Ҳ޷ˣһжҪԼˡ˷
İɣҿ϶㶪ġҶ¾
ҪСӣҲжţǸҵСȷʵǳãҪػסԼҪĶӦʵС˷Ȼ
һŬģܾʱȣұ뾡ʵСҶͷ
ֻ˷粻֪ǣҶ˵ʱȵʲô˼˵ԼҪͻƻߵĻҲҪĿɡ
ڶӽʱҲųΪҶ⣬ȵ̫ˣ
ʹ棬һˣһ컹ûȫͳˣȻ˷һͬС
ҲҶ⣬ʡĿһȺ˳۵ˣҵģĵҪ
½½ģ˺üμӿ˵Ķ飬ֻƵĸ˷˸кһ·ల¡
ֱգһĿĵأ۹ĵ۶ǣ׼һ˻Ǳĳ͡
ǷԲǧʷΣ¥·ݺᣬӺҶѾ۹Ĺ뷱٣޷ǰľȡ
ֻҶû뵽ǣǲûнģȥǵһտأͣ˺ͷħޡ
˷͵ǵ۶һҪȥѧԺߴΪѧԺ۶֮ңΧȫɽǿħивϵĸߵħޣĽ޷ɣֻܳ
ǰߵ˶ŶӵȺͣҶǰȥֻǰ߹㳡һԲθ̨ŸԲӣÿ϶̻һ˶·
ʱԲθ̨վˣֻһߣгһС̣ϱһ˸ϱߵ·һ˸ռһ󲨶̨ϵ˲ʧ
һֱ˵߲ˣҶ˲ſһȺϤףӰǵĵ˹㳡ϣԹĿһۣŴʧԲ̨֮ϡ
ҶﰵһЦĵļһĻСү棬㲻ĿģĿ㡣
ֱһʱֵҶǣ˻ź棬̤˴
ѧԺҶ


39 Բ
Ҷ߳󣬷Լڵĵطһɽİɽǰһ˶Żס˵ߡ
ŻǰߵĳϣѹѹվˣǶμķֳ飬Ȼͬǳء
Ҷϸһ£ʮһ飬ӵľȻǸ˷һͬսǿߡ
ҸǳصͬٵʮˣľȻﵽһʮҶﲻһ
Ǳ˻ĳȷʵЩˣҶҲа̾һ
Ҷ߳󣬶ʱжĿ⣬ͶĿⶼ˱ĺӡ
˶û˵˷һЩʶӣ˵ͷŶߵһյͣ£ʾԭϢ
ǹ½ĸ飬ٵʮڰʮңҶҲûϸȻ˻ĳǵ׵ġ
˵룬ԭŴһߣ˫ۣһĨɨˣһӶʱͬͷѹһʯһЩΪ͵Ĳûˤ
ǿߡҶͷһֲڶսǰߣǰҴ۵ͷȻһǰߣѧԺô˾Ȼһλʡ
ɨһ꣬˵ȹϲǻ˿ѧԺĻᣬֻҪѧԺǽõĺô֮·ͻͽ룡
ߵĻʱѪڣ·ĵҩĹԼ緢½龰
Ļͬһˮһ㽽ǡܼѧԺ뾭ؿˣȫزϸ񣬽һת۵㣬Ҫúϧ
һԲԡ˵Żߵ˲ʮ꣬ÿжһʯ
һЩ©ɻһޱĽ͵Ϊ򣬿ԲԺԪ׺׺ﵽΪϸΪ㣬ˣڿʼֵĹɣ
߿еԪ׺Ҷﵹǲİָ֪ʱٶȣ׺ǿôյٶȾͻ죬ٶҲӵĿ졣
ݳǣ
ݣգ
˻ĳǣҶ
һ֣һűӵĿٽгеֵҶӵҶʱŵͷ󺹣ЩĿҶ
Ҷһļ£ҶҵӶǶصĺӣ¸ҵ㣬Ҫǵ˿Ц
֪ΪΣҶĻĽŶʱʧ˳ȥ
Ҷ￴ֱҡͷţûȥNɪһЩηη߳ĵӣҶȷʵԵóͣΪ˻ĳ˲ӡ
Ҷıֶʱԭŵİ˻ĳǵӣ˲٣Ҷʼ糣ɵصʱû
ԣޣԪ׺ϸ񣡡
ԣޣԪ׺ϸ񣡡
ԣޣԪ׺ϸ񣡡

һȻֻϸģ˲ȡ̭Ҳ˵ѾûʸˣѾ̭ˣûа취ᡣ
ǵһμʶ˿˵Ĳпᣬʧܵĵӿһһ̲סޡ
ûм˳ЦǣɻڴĻǰĿǰߣʹ࣬Ǿᡣ
ͨˣͨˣ̫ˡҶһ˷ܵĻҶҵҲŸ
ܺãҲҪ˵̫磬߻ˣһαһϾ׼ҪиҶһˮ
ʱʱ̨ԣеǼһϲҳвٵ̭ѾԹˣѾн˱̭
˻ĳǣҶ诣
Ҷ诵֣ҶͷһȻЩ΢΢ţͷҶ诡
ҶеĿԼҶͷһů֪ΪʲôԴҶϴλȻҶԼԶ˺öࡣ
һֱƵҶЩǵĿԼоǰҶƺֻˡ
ҶЦһµİɣûµģ
Ҷ֣̽
ˢ
ʱɫĹʡ
ԣˮԪ׺壬㣬ԭһɲɤͻȻЩȣȻ˵֣ԭҶΪһǸء
Ҷ诵ı˵ĿΪ֮һ࣬û뵽˻ĳǾȻһרԵš
Ҫ֪רߣڵбȳҪһͻߣϰרԵĹΪȻͻͽ
Ҷ诵׺Ȼﵽ㣬ôĻȻɾߣдԵôɾͻҲǲܡ
ǸƯŮ˭˻ĳô˲ţ
û𣿽Ҷ诣ǰ˻ĳһСĵӣ
У벻˻ĳǾȻ˹ʺˣ˸˲õ˲ţ
˽ʱҶ读صǰȻɫϱֵĺܵĮ۾ȫ˷֮ɫ
ЦЦɣ˾ͲҶҶ诼üŪ۵ĵ
͡һЦ˳ҶһȭҶϣֵص֪֣Ҳϣ
ʶҶ诵òʶҶ诵ĿֲʣѾҶ诵ԼˣҶ课ȻҶڴΣʱŭ
С˭ôĿеŮô׽
ò°ɣ찡ðײ˶ˣ
Ǽ׳գôֻҪܣǲǻл𣡡
԰лˣҲ٣˭׳գǰɣ
һȺСţڳд壬ʹˡ
˲ûһССɧŻǾȻĽţҶֳ֮˼רԵߣ׺
ֱǵʵĳ֣˳е
ԣ磬Ԫ׺㣡
ʵһȥʮСǱ费࣬۾ģһ龫ֵӣԴһ˿ƵĿҶ诡
찡ÿֲԪ׺Ҷ读Ҫߣ̫Ҫˣ
ŮƯҾȻﵽ߾磬˭ҪǹҸˣ
Уûô׳յģʵ˭ǳɽ飬ƾҲ⡱һмĵ
˵ֻһ㣬޷
ڼһʱĿ˵ӣЩ֮ˣר׺ﵽĶ
𾪵һһŮ
ŮԳǵĹѩǽԪ׺ԵóᣬųﲻƣԵޱȡ
еԷѩǵҹ꺮ǷǳˮԵ֡ԣԪ׺ͬﵽ
˵ĳֲڳ𶯣һֱĿİߣ۾Ŀһ˿ϲ
ǣĽף


40 
ٵĻ䣬һӰȺ
Ľ׵ʱҶ˫΢Уϸ˷ΪҶĵһС
ĸȷʵһ˲ţֻᣬҶHһЩĭ˧磬ӣԵø
ץǰ򣬶ʱһɫʳ֮ϡ
ԣԪ׺ߣƷЩѾȫʧȥ򶨡
ҲһĿĽ׵ܺã벻ѧԺһյһλƷʵѧ
ȫʱһƬڣǵĵӣͲûˣĽ翭Ӣһ㣬Ӯ˶顣
ҶЩɻ󣬲Ʒʲô˼˷˽ͣ
ʵԭĻ֣Ԫ׺ƷΪƷΪƷ
ֻǳƷĺٳ֣ʸΪ㣬ҲҲǶƷʵһֿ϶
ڳĺܶŮӣ۷ŹĽףǿȣ޲־Ͷ仳С
ǸĽף˧ǿŶ
ӵƷʣΪǿʿ죬벻Ѱ
һѧԺ֮У˭棬ʱ
۷׷֮ʣ˻ڼ˼ֺٵ
˻ĳǣҶ
Ҷ̾˿վĶᱳʹˣںˡ
ҶԽڶĽҶıӰü˵ҶôΪ
ҶǰϵţʦܣʦҪʦ壬ǶģһҪϵһӵ
ĽЩмصӰԽԽˣһʿȻһ߸ˣ˵ȥˣǶŶ
ǲҪһѧǣԼñЦ
ӵͷƨʦȻһֵ
飬Ҳ֣ͷ㿴Ҽ˰ˣǵòҪŪκ˶סǣ֪Ľ׾档
ǣʦַģһĸɾ䣬˻ɵģ˵ô۸ǰ˻ĳǵˣѾǵı޹Σ⻹Сһٺ١Ц
ֹʱҶ塣
ԣޣԪ׺ߣƷϧˡһϧĵ
ܴﵽƷˣϧҶȻûԣһ򵭶ٶпϧ
ҪҶרԣôһƷʵѧѧԺ˵ǺĴˡ
ҶﷴһνֻҪͨ˾УƷƷ
ֻȴôûԣʵκԵĹǸһЩרԵĵȣٶǾ̫Զˡ
˷Ҳһ̾ϢȻƷѾǴϣҶûԣҲϡ
ҶΪѾˣתҪ뿪ʱԭĿİߣȻ۾һ£
Ҷһ㶣ɻĿߡ
ߴӽָͳһ͸壬׸ҶڴصСӣ²һ£
Ҷͷ˷һۣ˷ͷ͸壬˲ɫ塣
߼״ɵЩʧγһɫ˿֮ʱʱϲ
񵽱ˣ񵽱ˡдС
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ӾԲسɴ󻼡Ҷǵа
ողͷʱ򣬸սȺеҶĿһۡ
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Ľ׽еԼߣĽ׶߶˼䣬ĽЩĿһ۰˻ĳǵķȻ˵ͷ
Ȼ֪˵ЩʲôҶԴӲԳ֮͸Ӧɱ⣬ǿҵľǸͷġ
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˾˰ʱȫϣһʮ˱̭˻ĳߣӱ̭
ԼҶһǷǳ˵ġ
ٵָֻı䡰еڶˡԣڿʼǽҪһǽᱻͽʮΪһСӣҪʱ䣡
ʱڣÿ˱ռϵħ޾ˣ򽫱̭
ǷַƵĻڣÿ鶼ȡһöƣٸ֪󴥷ϵķģȥӦ
Ƿֶ飬ҶЩΪѣһʮˣ˶飬ô幥Ȼ
ҶԼһҶҵҶһ飬ǶйżãҶĸ֣Ӧò̫ѡ
ҶҲû취ҲŴңڶȻᱻ̭ܸаôҶͨˡ
Ҷֺö飬ҷ봫ŴһһĶ鱻ͳȥֵܿҶĶ飬ǰһ
Ҷ˱͵һּյأֻǻûȶϤǰ龰һ󾢷ϮֱЩ㶵Ҷȥ
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41 
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̱ǵζŻҶûе³
ʱлᶨϮԼʲôԭһͷɳĴߣߵͷ­Ѿ˵ϣֳأڲͣķ
ҶｫеĳԼĵʣŻعмл峤Ҫ㣬Ѿһˣ
û£ɭ֮ʱҪ־裬ȿûоˡָŵϵͷҶǱȽģϾÿԵ߻ˣôָ򶨣̱ڵϾͲˡ
Ҷæͷ׿жһε壬˷ܵص峤쿴о˰Ҫǰ˻ĳǣľһٶأ
ɣԺҪ峤ҶˣҪֱӽҶҲСҶ
úãԺͽҶ硱Ҷ˷ܵĲˣҶݵż
ִӽָóһ·ϰɣǻҪ·ɱһЩħޣΪһӣֵһ£
˸ˮҶϴɾ·óַһż򵥵ͼԼһԵشҪɱħֻܳĵش
һ·һ׵ħޣ϶ҶɱһԵҶǳݲѡ
żʵħޣҶҲҶ֣Ҷһ·նɱʮֻһħޣҶȻɱȻͻƵһΪ
ֱʱ֣Ƕһ֧Զ飬ӵһʮСȻʵ
ʵҶҲһ㶣ȻûҶݣѾȫµˡ
ˣҶôɡʵȻкһ죬ûаľн
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Ŷʲô⣬ҲģӶҶϵЦֲ̫õĸоСѾͷǹ顣
벻Ҷ٣ôȤˣƤӣ֪֪ǰ˻ĳһĴ󣬻᲻ỹСŮӵЦءһǱЦĵ
ҶĵһҶǼæһôˣǰɣ
ҲУءʵͷ
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ģ㲻ҵ㣿ʵɲôûŶʵЩĵ
£Ҹѳ⣬㻹ǿ˵ɡҶЦ
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ҶﻹڲͣĿŵͼ·ʲô˵İΣҶЩصҶ磬㻹ʲôѾȷǸϽȥɣȥ˾ˣ
İɣʱûµģȻĺݣͲҪҶҪġҶЦ
ҶֵĸܵҶŨŨɱ⣬𵱳Ҷĺɵôһ¡
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İɣŬʱ䣬ҶõϢһǵġҶһᶨĵ֪ΪʲôһҶůЦݣľͳš
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İɣҶʲôʱʧҪľŬˣСģǺŪħޡҶһصվ
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ڵϣһЩɲڽĺ󷽣ɲȼγһǽһ˽һҩڽĴͷ֮ǰ
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ôǴİɣҶֲ֧˰ʱ
УʲôЦ̫СҶ֧Ųסʱ䣡
ϧ滹мأûгԹŮζˣδЩ˷Ѱ
ʲôͷ˵ˣֻҪ°ƯˣܷͨˣصﶼٻһӣʱҪŮûУ

ֻЦ֮ʱûע⵽һ˶ӰĵٵǵϷ
˵ĳЦȫŵӭĽҶ诳һѳվǰֻڽԵôС
һҧվҶԱߣһɲҵϢ˴ҵļ䡣
˼״еĿ־壬׷ó׼ӦսȻ֪УҲҪȫԸ
ۼҪһЩСĶѾ۾ĵȴԼײɵһ̡
䣡
Ȼأһɽһ㣬˵Ľǰ
ͷϣһѺǹǹû˽ľ֮Уǹβ͵һһ۵С
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˼ˣüλܾˣΪʾǸ⣬ǿϷҶ©һЦ


42 ȫû
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СĽ䱸Ƿħޡ˾е
ħޣûϮǣ·ͷϷһֱҵԲӵߡ
أˤķѡ
Щɲæǰ鿴ԲĲʺ⣬ǽҵʮ㣬滹һЩεĿճ
εĿ滹˼ֻװ׵ĳӣʱõأп棬ȻһƮ˳
Ƿ䷿
ȷʵ񣬿ֻΪʲôᶪ䷿أ
ۿǺöζת࣬˵Ļ϶ܼٶȣ
һ£ְ˽ŵĿʼۡ
ţʲôһ˸о죬̧ͷһʱŵûɢ
ֻв֪ʲôʱѾֻȭͷС䣬ÿһֻ߳ڵΪŭ
ҵѽ˭ܸô£һֻ߱Уڵϣоһʧһ
ڹһƬҵʱɽһϣ˻ĳһĿɿڴĿ±ߵһС
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ɽȺҶˣҶͶЦǸûϻһˣͿʼʷ䳲
ħޣħ̼ͣƻ䳲ʱǰĵˣʼǡ
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ֻ˿Ķľĳʵ̫ˣҽ֮ʮߣлʿʱȫ
ȺҲʧأԭ߰ٶֻĶ飬ֻʣһٶֻɼսôĲҡ
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ҶǲǴ˴ˣôˡҶЩ԰ףҲòȥ
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ᣬѧԺĹأκ˶ı䲻ˣħϮǣΪ޿֣޷֮֮ѡҶﵭĵ˵껰һߵ񣬽ϵӡǣɡ
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ҲҶ᲻һѱʦӡУѱʦǺһѵͷӣҶôᡣ
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С㣬ʵӴ󣬲ôưոݵġһӱ粵
һԺҪС㣬ѧԺҪѼһװƺ
ڶʵӴٴܴ۹۹޷ѧԺ£¼ô
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ӱɫһҲǸ˼ֻһôˣǵһΣ
鲻۵ģһ£
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Ǳ޿ɾҩҪ֪Щ˵֣϶еģҪԺ϶²ϸġεҡͷ
ѧԺɽǰߺ͸ߣڴȴһȺδͨ˵ĵӣҲòɵȣΪҪȵ˽̭һ뿪
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ʲôܷ·𲻸ԼĶ䡣
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Ȼʵˣһ䣬ʱͨ죬ʼûһԡ
ܣٸҿڳԣ͸ҹѧԺߵĻͬͷ䶼һ˿Ѫ
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ܺ궼һ࣬ǴŭֲҷվԺˣҶСС;ĺɱݽ棬պȻΪһɱħ齫֮ɱԾ󻼣
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43 ʯ̽
վԺˣҶСС;ĺɱݽ棬պȻΪһɱħ齫֮ɱԾ󻼣
ʲôҪŮˣ˷ŭû뵽ǾȻҪ̶ֳȡ
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ֻ˵һֻħľԳͷ죬սǿʵȻӲСǿɲҴ⡣
ȺӣʼսֲǺܴ󣬺ڲǲ½롣
Ҷ﷭ͼϲķ־⸽Ȼסһͷݻħޣʱһ
ʱһͷʰ쵵ĽݻںӶڣʱںӵıĺӴӶܳ
ݻŶڴƬ̹һͷ׸ߵԳڶڣһʯŽݻȥ
ݻתܣǺȻŭˣһȺСܿ׷ᣬһúýѵһ½ݻĲݵļơ
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ӦþǰٹˣҶ´ϲҵϽӽָó˶ͱװʮͰ
ľͻʣһأаԼ̫ˣְƽʱԷõĸֹư裬ȫóװĶװˡ
ֱûκζװԱһʯף϶סˣ⣬ʱһŨľ˱ǶҶﶼе΢Ѭĸо
Ҷϲǳ𰡣ЧǳİƸȫ
ʵûʲôյˣҶϿתţǸո߳ڣһŭһʯЯһ󾢷Ҷ


44 ˮ
Ҷո߳ڣһŭһʯЯžҶ
δϱߴľѾѹҶЩҶ´󺧣ħޱȶǿ̫ˡ
ҵæԱһܹͷһ
䡱ʯʯϣĽһʯʱҵķѡ
ҶﰵĨһ亹Ҫϣ
ľԳһûУһһҶֻҶ￴ˡ
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߽ʦ֮ᷢʱ䣬γԪֱΪԪ
ħ޵֮󣬻ʹԼıܣǰľԳȻ֪ļʲôһԼܣʯŻ
Ҷ״һʱмԼǿᣬͬó֪ħô
һᣬǹУӭľԳʯȥ

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ĽԶֻһ·̳һȵŴ͡
찡ҿʲô
һˣһȺħ׷׸ʲôŭԹ£ôôħް
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񣬶Ǹ˾ҶҶһǵĵ
һߵأһĿɿڴĿǰʵɴ۾ɣȥˣ̫үˣ
Ҷһ·񱼣ﰵпֻ࣬ǱҶ㲻˦ǣҲᱻ׷ϣҶԱһħ޻ҪǿĶࡣ
ȺӲں׷һЩֽŲɾʱʯͷǱӹʯ鶼硣
ȻˣҲʹ죬ٶȾͻҶﱻҵĽп಻
͵ǵû͵⣬αظɱһ׷ŰҶƵҪ
ƹƣ˿ܷŻֿһʱ䣬һҶϲ
̧ͷһȻҶ֮ǰѱֻ񣬼ʮһȺϢҶѣһۿȺĽףдУǺøǰ
ֱӳһ˱ȥʮľת˲Ľ׵˷Ҷħޣʱɫޱ䣬һȣк˷ӡ
ҶȻҵ˾ǣǵٶȸҶ̫Զͱ׷ϡ
Ҷһһ߶Ա߿񱼵ǵЦǣ˰ɣȿھƽⷦܵøһЩ
˵Żֱӵݹȥһƺǵһ㶣ȻûôأҶѾܵǰȥˡ
˾ƺĵӣɻ䣬ȲһʹһʯͷУʱǰ˼Ȧƺ«Ҳ˵ϡ
һľԳһϵľƺţȻָǵӵķװУһ߱Ȼ
ǵӸҪվһʯͷڶͷϣʱһ˹ȥ
ԴǵϷ־ƺľԳǶʱʼǵĵӣҽϷ˲ؾƵ
ľԳǿʼĹǵĵӣʱѾ϶Щ˾Ǹ͵ͬ
֮ҶɹİľԳǵĳޣһŴĶһԾѵȺʱһӣҶסʧ˵֮С
ҶһʧɿǵĵӣľԳȫ޶ǵϣͷľԳֱĽףǸǰ˲ס
ĽײһǿߣӲǵֵк󣬲űһɨɡ
¼ҵӱɱȥľԳ׷ʱʮ˲סѾʱĽѾӵûӰˡ
ľԳڱذǵУϸѰһһ󣬲ȥ
Ľ׻ʱ򣬼ذʱʱһѪŭΧʮҶҪɱ㣡
Ҷˣᵱʱʵǰ˾ȵĿУһͰٹƳǰ
ٹһ㴼ζʱŵζˣֳһɫ
±һ㣬ֱӰѾռָʵЩӵĿҶһֱΪԼǴ֮ˣǸҶ˵Сˣ
ʵڼǳǻΪүүĳ谮Իûʲô£Ҷǿɱӣħ޶͵ٹƣǲҵġ
һ򵨴ΪڼЩգҶûа԰ıǮˡ
ˣѾҵĳŵûʲôµĻ¸ˣ
˵ŻҶԾıֱӷҶ诵ԣҶﵽ˶ӭ
ҶҲû˵ϻÿһٹƣţҪһһʵ̫ѿϾÿ˶пռָݳƷ
˻ҪƴǣҶֱӻؾˣֻ˵˽ָﻹк֤ܶ࣬Ļ
ȡһİٹƷڵϣЦұоƺȣͲˣȾƣ˴ˣ
Ľһڽ׹ȫȹ⣬֮ëʱһ˲һЩһڿȻƲ֮Уʧǰ
Ȼ˲ôΪԽ֪еİ׹Ƕô󣬶ҶԽĸм
ҶЦǸħޣǲһֻһһ߻ȥɾͿˣ
һʱһͷħ޳Ҷǰ˵ƣħ޾󣬴뿪֮أʱҶ³ɽ֮ǰ
ǻûҶ˷кһŭ
ҶҪɱ㣡


45 
Ҷս볡أ׼˷кûҶ죬һ̺޾Թ
ҶҪɱ㣡
Ҷﾪȵ̧ͷȥֻĽһԹĿԼѾû˵ķ裬ֻǱڵ
ɢҵͷǰѪûвû˷ţʱᵹء
ĽһƬʮˣܹĲʣµĶֻš
ǵĵӳǰʱȫ˼žǸոյʱǺεȵ緢һΨҶ֮ơ
ǰѾҶüƣֱһ룬ʣһС룬ǳǰǾԼЩˡ
һĽΪƽеҹ㺮ѩˣĽ׳ʱ򣬶İ˵һ仰
Ҷüͷλ̨ˡʶΪһ棬ҪɱҶĳʵ˷ѽ⣡
㡭㡭װ⣬ҵȼʮ˵ˣϵķȫǰͣԺΪҵ˵ŻĽ׶Ű߹һˮһͶˣô󣬾ûܹί
Ҷʱ֪߾ȻԺֲսʼǿߡ
ˣĽףĽְһжСܲҪúøлСҶＤĵ
ԺüͷĽ˵˵ô£
ԺҵһڵӣѾ˿ڳϢ׼ȼӻһ𼤻ƣĳ쵰֪һȺϰٺ֣ҺͷȻħޣڵӲУͱӣ
Ľ˵꣬۾ݺݵĵҶ۾ɱ˵ĻҶѾٴˡ
֣ףһԵپȵصѵľԳǵ죬ȻǣͼϲǱ𣬴˵زɽ룡
ǵ°Ҷ쵰ġĽᣬǲܺߡ
ǴľҶɻ
˷綼ƣСԽԽˣ⻹ûѧԺأԼĶͷôһͷ
Ժһ£ҶĽ˵Ŀȫʵ
˵ĲԣǧɲҪƫƫŰôʵĴ꣬ô˵ôأħ޲ɱԼͬ飬Բǰ˻ĳǵͳҶ˫ҡϡ
ҶĻգ˵ħɱԼͬ飬ǵרˣҲǸѧģڳ˶Ҷﻰеζǵ޷
˵˵ľôɡԺЩεĵôƽԺˡ
ȣģ˵ɽϻӳƴСϢ͸¶Ⱥѧ֮˵˾֮󣬿ݣǱĵĹȥҶɤӵ˵һ㡣
Ҷ˵ȤǺӰǵˣ۾š
ҹȥһüһһȺڶڣӬɲȥҪһ˾û취˭Ҷﰡһİ취˵Ҷͣһ¡
һЩص뵽ʲô취
Ҷ֣صصҵȣ
͡ڳü˶̲ס˳û취Ҫȣʲôһ취
ҶЩõص֪ҵȵʲô𣿾ЦҸǣڵϲһǲȥǻȥŵţţԼϲˣ
֮͡ʵǱﲻסˣһЩѾЦ
˵ص㡱ĵ
ǣҪﲻסʱһֻϻȻǾʹҹλãЩ׼һᣬ͵͵Ǳ˺Ӷ
ҽ붴һһӣȫǾưӱֻƺҹƺƴܣܳѨͷϻѾˣӼҾƴ׷ң
ʱˣҪʱӢ۸壬ò绨诱㣬˴ͰԺˣҿﻹٶû꣬ҲҾƴܡҶһĽ
˷ֱӱˡ
Ҷߵͨ죬ȴ˿˿ġ
ԺٶһۣЩεҡҡͷ
ܰܣܰܣȻ߶ˣҸأͷ󺹣Ҿͺİ׼ТԺ˵ľֱӸǣˣϳˣ
˵ŻҶߵһǰֻͷţƵá
ҶݸһƺˣҶ˷ܵص㻹ǵҲ
ĵͷҪҲ˵ܲϵ
Ӧüǵҵʱ˵Ļɣ˵ǣ˰ɣȿھƽⷦܵøһЩǲǣҶʵ
˵ͷ
ǿ˰ɣҰôľƶô˵ݺأĽͦʿ䣬Ϊǵֵħ޲Сܵ¶ĽֵĸмϽˮ಻
Ľ־Ȼ˵ݺλǺСܵİҶһίҡͷ
ҶĻǣŰɣĽζ
ڳϼһǣûôúŪϲ³Ҷ͵Ʊ׷֮»ˮŵ
ֻǲ֪ҶﱾͿĽ׵֮󣬲Ÿ
ȻҶֶЩǷףǲûдѧԺأʶû취ãݺͬŵҲԴǣֻܳưͿ
ҶﰡҲܹ㣬ǵĵӰֵħޣǲҲñʾʾԺɫĵ
ǣӦõģСûٽңʵڲλҽҩѵġҶһǸĵ
㵱׼ƦӴܰ⳥ҽҩѡ
ҶװɵԺҽҩѾˣõǸľԳİٹƣЧóɣ
ֻ˰Ҷˣ
˵˵ҲֻҪĽָժһѡҲ̲סŭ
˵Ҷһۡʲô֪ʲôط˵Ȩ𣿻ô˻һضûУ
ҶĻ˵ѵһѵߣжĵ
㡭ŭ죬òΪȥֻȡ衣
Ҷóɣ͵ǸҸӡԺЩͷۣ߶ţĲ⶷ȥò
ðɣЩТǷݿû˰ҶֹԸĵ
úãˡԺЦûô
ҶСΪʹȡһٹƣڵϡȥɣȻϴ裬ÿζϴúܸɾ
С̫ˣóˣҪһѡ
ˣ鵽˽һˡԺ˵껰ֱչ˫ɻɽ


46 Ӱ
궼ǳеģԡ⡱˲òС
һ⡱ʮˣħ޼
ڶ⡱ҲǣʮȫˣҩΣҲҪ죬ָܻ
ֵ⡱Ҷ˺ԺȣٹƸǹܹ
˷һڰ˻ĳǵ⣬ȻһŮʵ
տʼ˶Щ⣬ʵô᲻ҿӸҶﻹϤ
ദʵȻѧţǳţǻûһСİǳֱʣһɰݣܿҶ诵˴һƬ
ʵ⼸Ҳǳģڴǵıע޷ԼҪѡ
ΧߵˣϣϵõʲôȻСͰʿͨ͸
һֱǳĹ¶֮龫֣ǻҲǳŮ֮ġ
һҶҶʶ˶һ󣬽ƻĺֲʧĬֱһһˡ
ߵ˶ôϣЦô˸еȫʵǳϲָо
ʵԼҶЦ˵С˵һҵģԼһͰٹƣƫƫƺȣȻһֱôף
⼸ҶϤˣҶֿʼʵˣҶ﷢Сﶷ죬һǳĵ顣
Ҷ۸Сûʵ˵ҶһŮѾʼˣû취ʵĿɰŮͨɱ
ѾȻһǰҶÿһ̳ٹˣҶﶼãŮ˷ȷ黹졣
УһܺľңжῡҺȾƣ벻أû¾͵ְɡ
ڶļһҪûҸṩϢܵõôٹ𣿺ѪһֵôʹûôСˡʵȻǸԿ仰Ҫҧһ㡣
ҶʱԼùû֯Ծ͸죬ʧˣȻŮ˶š
˼Ҷ﷢׷ױЦΪʵкá
İǳҵĺҵģҲˣҪ侮ʯ֪֪ʲôг˼ҵ̣ôһûСҶ޺޵ĺһھƣĵĵ
ҶĻʱҵһЦŮӣЦһš
˷ЦţǰȺŮǼĺгգ޸п
ԴӰߺԼ·Цĸоֻǲ֪ȺŮݷĵЦܹάֶá
ǾĲпǷ񻹼ǵԼôаЦء
Ҷ˷ЩһЦλֵܽãЯֲ磬һһεսʤǿħޡ
ΪߣǱʱ̸ԼһǿĿ꣬СӶӳݣǰǳ˸൹
áȺ鼤ܡ
⼸ദӣĸܵ˷˵İΪһ֮ȴûаּӣһչһȺܵһ㣬ָһЩϵ飬ôҶǳ
ʱƹ΢Ҷָʹ׷׶룬׼˷緢˿ڸħս
˷ƵĴЦһȺСƨҲŵ˷磬ȥɣҶҿɳ˵ǰͷҪǱȹˣɲޱӰ
УҶʲô屡죬һʲôֵǸϣŵսǿߵҫǰѵ㲻ͷѵ㲻ǻʲôʧʱҳ尡
Ҷһȣ۷Ź⣬˷չ˳ִսһֵҶҲʵǿţ顣
ٹҩЧǿˣ˺һھҪǶߣҲ׷׵ء
˷絹Ǽʮ¶ǣֻɫ΢һ죬ȴ˿⡣
ź˵ˣҶΣȺ˾ʵ̫һˣаհ˷ŵ
Ҷ诣ʵҲڵأŮӱһһɫ˵ɷ
Ҷｫһһ𣬷һ䣬һƤ˯һЩ
Ҷ诵ʱҶ诽§ҶĲӣһֱʲô֡
ҶﱧСʵʱʵȻſ۾ŵҶֱӰӳȥʵǰҶʱֱ۾˯ȥ
Ůúãְһӣ˯֮УʲôŹ۵ĶҲ֪ˡ
æϣҶ˷ǰһЦȻǿǧСֶپһ룡
ǺǣռΪıˣ£ҾԲĶ֡˷Ҷһ룬ҶľͶء
ҶҲ˼ʮ룬Ҳ˿⣬һսʦôٹƣҲѾˣɼҶôǿ
ҶûʹùӰ˷
ҶεͷԹòҵΪһֱ޷ʹã
ҶԹƾ޷Ӱܴ
ǺǲΪ㲻÷Ҹû˵ĵطҴʹ÷˷Ҷ߳
Ҷŷ֣Ѿҹʱ֣ǵľƾȻһ죬Χɢʮ˶ڹ㳡ϣȺʲô
ҶǵʱʱҶעĿ
Ǹ˾Ҷ
ǱΪħҶ
ÿ£㿴۾·ʱɱһ
С㣬ħ㶼ۣҪ
˷׷СۣҶЩһ򣬸ʲôʱħˡ
֪ǣԺسɱħʱѾ뷨ˣһŪʮߣ붼˵
Ҷɱ˲Ѫǽʮˣȫû⻹ΪľԳϲɱű
ҶɨˣȺвǵĵӣԼгԹɵЩĵĿһ
˷ҶļѧԺĵ̣û˸İɣ
˵Ҷı۰չ֮һɽȥһʱɳ˽ǧٶȱκηħ޶̫̫࣬ҶޱĽ
ˣɣȡӰ˷
ҶָһӰУʵĹ⻪˲佫ľɫӳյʰ쵡
˷ĿӰһ֮ɫ
κ˷Ӱ˵ϸأ͹עӰ
Ҷͷ˷˵·УϰսʱҶѾľѨλյû˿Ѷȡ
עӰ֮ԭʧ˲һƬ죬ȵϢ
֮ͨʱ˷۾һҶ֮ʱʱ΢΢


47 ռ˿ʼ
Ҷｫע볤û죬ҶһССĸ֣Ȼʣܰȴǳʵ
˷翴ҶһҲʼ΢΢˵
һգӰָֻԭĹʣҶЩϢȻ̶֣̼ĹԼ֮һ
֮ҶæջأڸղţֵĸܵӰĿֲŸղŵ״̬֧ǿޱȡ
ãҶ˷Ȼûˣû뵽ȻõӰϿɡ˷缤ĵ
ϿɣҶɻ
ѹӰı˷ḧӰӰңһˣÿ˳󣬶ʴһѹһ飬Լȥ
ҲὫ˼̳УһִУҲһֽʶǸʹߵ
ղʹӰ֮ʱһ£ΪףӰһеı־ҲǺ
ȻʹӰ޷ףӰ飬ҵļ̳ߣҲ˳ŵ˷·˶ˡ
Ҷһеŵص壬òҪѰ̼ɣ
ǺǣʮǰҿܻᣬڲȻӰҵ߽ӰȥһȥѾ뿪ˣһԸǻصļ壬ػˣһ̳Ըȥûɵʹ˷Ҳûյˣ
ϲ壬ָտɴҶ˵ĵ֪˷Ѿ׵İмͣսԲʮؽ
Ǻǣ⻹Ҫл㣬ȲҪ˵ˣ̽ʹӰɡ˷
ԭӰֻеԲܼ⿿޷ʹõģҲҶƵĵط
ղ˷Ҷ·ߣһֻԵзţҶûרԣʶоȫÿһֶǳϡ
ҲɷΨһеźĵطƽٶȱȱҪϺܶ࣬Ũ̶Ȳľ͸ˡ
ҶԺҲʹûսǸӵлȣĲһ㣬űʵ
Ҳһŵ㣬Ǿƽκιѧֻеӵζ
ҶʹһλԹҶһ֧ʱҶȻúܳ˰˳ºȻѡ
ಣ
֧һŰһȥҾ͵˴ǰ
ۣۣۣ
ҶĿɿڴ֮УʸŴһʯϣֻ糤βڲͣ
䴩ĴϣֱߴĶȼŻ档
ǿҶ¿ϲĹսʦǿ߶޷ֵɡ
˷翴һ£û˵ȻεĺܺãУҶﻹǲһ˿𾪺Ϊѡ
ֱҶˮԵţҶߣܿ˷ҶûȥԣΪΪղŵһѾݽˣʵûˡ
Ҷﱳһ·Ҷﱳе˿󣬲ŴҶﷵسء
;˷˵һЩҶҲЩѡ
˷ԵҶȻûרԣͨתԣǳǿǳԾ
תԿԳԪ׺ߡҶĹ츳Ҳǳã򲻻õף
ӵôõ츳˷һΪˣʱȴǳìܡ
ΪҶﲻһߣһߣӵ츳һޡ
ǰ۶ҳһߣ񻪹ߣΧۺ첻ѣǹ˼񻪹ĿֲʵȥˣɼǶôı
оʸˣԥޣΪ磬ʦʦʦǴתְģ˵ϡȱԴ
۹λʦ۵ᱻõһţΪ̫ˡ
˷ΪѣϣҶר䣬Ҷ츳Իǰ
ζݣԼ־ⲻʵĲ˵⿴Ժı֪úһΪѧԺ⣬ϾѧԺʮûյһߡ
ҪͬޣͻȫķϵˣΪͬʱڵڣ߾һһǿһͻС
һ㹻ǿʱôһͻȫʧȻҲŬƽⲻͿ˫
ʵôпᣬǳԹ˶ʧˣΪ޷ʱʱ̶̿ȥƽ⣬ڽ׵ʱ򣬸޷Ķãȫʧܶա
õʧΪţõģʧᣬֻܹƽ
˫ޱΪߵĲ·ȴ
ЩҶﷴһ㵣ǶûУĵ֮ǷֿģûһԴ֣֮Ҷﻹûҵķʱ޷С
Ѿˡ˺ܶ࣬˿ûж֮Ӱ졣ҶȷԼ԰զ޾զޡ
˷ε̾ҶԼѡ
Ҷͷûж˵ʲôԼĵǸ࣬ܶ޷ͣɴͲˡ
󣬵մӶ𣬽ů֮ʱѧԺɽſڣҶѾϡ
ѾһĳͳÿһĶѧԺһˣֻҪͨˣǾͿĳΪһѧԺѧˣ
һ˵ģȡˣԭܹμӿ˵ˣֻٶˣѾ˺ܶ࣬ʵҪԭǱҶӵкܶ඼ǾӢ
ĿһҶεĿ˸ϴβһûκεգҪǿһ˵ǱסһҪȫԸΪǵĳɼϵԺѧԺеĴһҪ
˵껰һ֣ʮɵĴŻ򿪣ӳһĽݣȫɾʯɡ
ݵĿɣɹʮͬʱʵǶԵӵÿ̨֮ĸ߶ȸպһߣһɣ˸о̤ȥӦúɡ
ǰľտˡڤݣˣο˲ǿ˭죬ǿ˭ԶڤݹŰپʮŽףûٽ׵˽̭
˿ʼһȡ
ȫһѷӿݣѧԺռˣչˡ


48 ڤ
ҶﲢûиۿһȺһѷһӿ̨ףҶĽףʵҹ꺮ѩҲûж
ȻǶţֿˣƾʵûһ˵
ȿ̨׵ĵӣʱһ١
ôôأ
ˮһжüѣ
òÿһ̨ף·𶼻һЩ
̨ϵĵӶʱ׷ۣһŭȴ죬Ⱥ˵ȥǰװ˷
һҶʱһÿһǱģɵøϽ죬ͷʼ̨ס
һѾһٽףҶ诵һڰ˻ĳǵסˣ׷Ҳʼ
˰ʱ󣬼еӻ϶Ѿʼˣҹ꺮վΣߵҶǰһű״ŨŨս⡰˵ǿϣлܸдһ
û뵽ҹ꺮ôֱӣ˵ҹ꺮Ǹգʲ̫ҶﲢУЦлģ
û뵽Ҷô˵ҹ꺮һ£Ȼͷ̨ס
ҹ꺮֮һɫµĹѩҲʼѩȻҲƯҹ꺮ƣǷǳ䣬Խӽĸо
ʣҶʵĽˣĽָֻյʵһȭС̨ŷǳѶȣΪֺһΣ
κһŮᱻĽַۣܱĽЯչˣһȡ÷ǳõĳɼ
ʵˣصСҲеģòҸĽûôɣԱͣҪչˣ飡
ʵףĽֻεЦЦûбֳκηŭҶﶼһ͹һףѵ¼Ҷꣿ
ʵûĽףֱҶֵҶ磬ȹȥŶҲҪϿ˵ŻͷҲص˳ȥ
Ҷ磿ʲôʱǱôˣĽͬҶʱˣֱһء
ҶСԶ㣬һ֪ʲôǺڡֻʣԼˣĽ׶ʱҲ̲סҧгݵĵ
ʵЩˬĽ˷ŭȻһĸԸĸо
˵¼ңǳĽ׺ʵΪʵڵ츳Ϊǵʵǣõ޴档
òǵүӣҲĸףʵүүܷ£ʵ±봦Ըκ˲ò֡
ʹĽףʹ׷ʵʵһֱǰģô²̨ͷһء
ĽװһжҶϣҶĺޣֱ㾡Ͻˮϴ
Ҷʼ磬εصСϲ棬Ҳû취ô죿ҧң
쵰ϾҪѧԺˣ㻹ɲⱵʱĽ׺ݺݵĵ
ûʱ㳶ˣҪȥˡҶҡҡͷת˳ȥСãȵңҶŻ
ҶĽףһ仰ûԼˣëֱ
쵰ҵţһڵġ洫Ľ׵
ûĽףҶ̨״һʱоأѹ糱ˮѹ
ϸһᣬҶʱӦһ󷨣ĻԼǿȾԻٳɳ
Ӵ󷨣ضķѺԴߣѧԺҲһεˡ
Ҷһ·ǰûκͣʱ䣬͵һٽףһٽ׺ѹ֮ǰһǿҶûаͣȻֵĿʼʱٶȣǰ
찡Ǹ˭ÿٶȣ
Ǹǰ˻ĳǵħ𣡡
ǿ쿴Ѿˣһһɵӣ
ۼ䣬ҶҶѾʮףҶҶ诣ʱҶϢѾ΢٣ʱѹܴ
ҶﵽҶЦһ£ʾҶŬԼû⡣
Ҷ˵ͷϿȥ翪ʼѾٶˣͷһ۷ַĽȻ˿û˼
ҶپʮŽ׵ʱȻеΧѹʱͬһ㣬ɳ֮Уٲά衣
Ҷһ̤ٽף΢΢һΣ⣺ٽ׶ΣһؿѹѾʵı仯֪жٻῨﰵеΪ˻ĳ˵ġ
Ҷ̧ͷϿȥֻҹ㺮ѩʵѾٽףʵʮס
ҹ㺮ѩѾͷʵȴȻһӡ
ĽѾǵһ飬Ѿγֲڲͬ򣬶Ŭʵǣֻһٶ׷սǡ
ҶȻԭٶȣĴʱĴЩ䤱ĵߴ
İٽףٽףֱʮ׵ʱ˹ѩѩűԼҪСҶ޵ֳһĨӡ
ʮ׵ʱҶﳬҹ꺮Ҷָҹ꺮˸кֱϷȥ
ҹ꺮۱ųŨŨս⣬ҧظںߡ
پʮ׵ʱҶ׷ʵʱʵѾûɣ㺹ͷ
Ҷĳ֣û̫ľȣֻﻹЩ
̽Ҷĵϸֻ֪һԴȫûа취ԼֻԼ¶ѣһֱΪһŵЩʧ䡣
ҶＫΪNɪĶʵһʤƣʵȻƵ˼ǴҶǸıܿСӾǳԼ
û˵һŶҶȥǿѹǰٶȱࡣ
ҶһЦʵСţ̧˾ʮףͣǰȥֱپʮŽ׵ʱҶͣ
ѹӴˣȻֻһ̨ףȴһǵһ㣬޷Խ
ҶһҶ̧ٽ׿ȥҶʱоΧѹʵʣʱͬɽѹסĸо
̤ٽ׺Ҷ̨ܵϵĿֲ壬תܵǿѹ·Һ壬ÿһתҪѺô
΢΢һЦȻԤĲ࣬ûڼǰУֱڵϿʼ˹
찡⻹𣿶Ѿٽˡһٽƴƴĵа̾
Ȼ峤Ҷǳݺͽ
İٽϣҶ诸ոŬϣٽϵҶʱϣԵùԶ࣬˿˿顣
ҹ꺮Ҷ̤ٽףһŻɢޱִŵ飬ȫʵǡ
ԭ·ĽסһĨĳһ٣ľҪָˣǸ߿ˣ
վΣĽһ̨̤ϡǺǣЩûʶļһ֪ʲôţ


49 
ڴΪҶĳɾ͸е𾪵ʱǺȻ֣һӰһ·㣬䣬Ѿ˰ٽס
찡⵽ôˣѵ˵Ĳ𣿡һһʮ״ĵӣһ̾
ĶˣΪһӰԼһӶתѾٽס
һʱ䣬Ľ׵ٽףʱٽףһʱĽپʮŽס
һһĽѾ̤ٽף΢΢һΣסΡ
ʱڤϵĵǣжһĽҶϢʱŷʵǣȻǳҶġ
嵽ٽ׵ʱ䣬ҶҪ̵Ķ࣬ҿӦûʵǡ
ٽ׵ҶʵĽףʵѾ߽ףһ˿Ŭʵǡ
ѧԺһͤžڤݣԽ龰һԺƷŲ裬žڤϵ龰
ټĽ̤٣΢΢һЦ벻ѧԺãõѵһţ
ԺЩӵĿǰҡҡͷȷʵţԤУѧԺԺƽˣ
ǺǣҲãʡģԵһûУ˻ĳǵĵӣȷʵ۸̫ˣֻڹأҲ޿κΡ̾Ϣ
Ǻǣʱһˣ㿴ŰɣԺԿֻǣо佭˵ĺãҪġ㣬㿴֪ˡԺһСӸ١
ٷ˼ҳʱϱߵļ¼ԼӸɱʿսһҲ°ɣҰǰȻֻأѾһߣٶ࣡
Ҫı˫ĺһôǵӾͿóǵһòסʹšԺ
ԺҲ̫ģβĽӦÿѹҶһͷϵҲˣĽࡱЩĵ
̫СҶˣĿģǾԲΪϢɡԺ۾һ˿âƵĵ
ڤٽ׵ʯ̨ϣĽ׶ҶڳһֻĴָȻתĴָ档
ҶֻǵĶĽ죬ûзǽߵĽףĴĿжĻ׳ա
㡭Ľ׷ŭ֮£³һ֣ʱеΧѹͬɽһԼоĿˣæ죬ֿһѾɫ
Ҷͬ׳һԼһۣͱ۾ĽĲѪ
ţܿѹסԼķŭҶʵǡ
ʱҹ꺮͹ѩҲ׷ٽףЩĿҶһۣͼ
ֱҹ٣ҷ׷ԭشϢ񣬵ȵճ֮ʱ
ʱĽڵһλ߰ס
ʵڶλٰʮ߽ס
ҹ꺮λʮס
ѩλʮ˽ס
Ҷλٽס
λֱİپʮ߽ףǵһλʿӣòЩ̫Զ
һҹĵϢ峿һ͵ʱڤϱߵĵӷ׷۾
ǷһҹĵϢԼָȵķԼҲʵࡣ
׼ȫԸ̤֮ʱȻߵ˶Ŀ͵ĿϷǿȥʱ򣬶ɵŴ͡
ٽϣҶڵϣׯϣϵϢĿ˵Ť
·һӣһЩ̭ߣ׷פۿ
Ǹħʲô
񡭡ͻƣ
ɣ̫ˣ
Цͻƣѵ˵˻ĳǵĵôûӣ
˷Ҳһ𾪵ĿҶ۵ĳûʱ
ͤŭҶʲôѵûǣͻƻᱻ޴ѹѹı𣬲ҵȥֹ
ԺһסٵİɣҶСӾԲɵϣ϶ԼĴ㣬Ҿɣ
˰ԺĻ侲һ£ȷʵҶﲻˣû˸ҲᵽͻжΣա
Ҷﲢ֪˶𺳣ͣתȫƿ뿪˻ĳ֮ʱѾһֱѹȴʱͻơ
ýֲѹ׼Եڵһ죬ҪǱ֪Իᱻߵû˵˸ˡ
ͣĳһ飬˲ø󣬲ʱҶȻ˶ѹķһ˲ɽѹӿҶĵ
ۣ
һѪ
ʱһҶĵֻĵ֮ʱҶĲһǣȻվΣһʵǡ
СӣȻǵ죬ҽݵѹԼĵҿȻǳɹˡԺ
һĿЦҶǲʡİղĶò׳һţҪǾôˣǿҪġ
˷ҲĨһ亹Ҳ˶ߣÿͻƳɹһ˲䣬һǿΧǿ뵤ڵ˲䲹䡣
ҲΪʲôͻƺ󣬵Ȼģ
ֻû˻뵽Ҷ˴󵨣Ҫ֪ѹǿᣬһֻҪôǵﱻ˲ѹˣǷˡ
ĵƽʱߣҪܶ࣬ھ٣ֻе֪
ҶдʱѾֿ˻ǰʮ˵ۻޱȣԺսʱʱ̵̿Լˡ
ҶϲǣУһˮ
Ҷ֪ⲻˮбΪҺҲΪԪ
ԪʦǿҺγɵԪΪԪװһֳƺ
Ҷһ˿ԪôԺԪתʦᳩͨ裬Ҫġ
Ҷһ·ǰУһǰôɣԽҹ꺮͹ѩʱ򣬴˸кܿ쵽߰ٽףʱʵҶɹң©һЦ˸ʤơ
ʵȻ۾ûΪڼӦ߰ٽ׵ѹûȥˡ
Ҷûͣ٣һ·ǰУ߰ʮ׵ʱĽףȻĽ׺͸£˿Ǳ
ӣ˸ͣûз
ĽѧˣҶͷǰС
ҶȤֱ˰ٽ׵ʱҶٶȱÿһǳ
ֱʱ֣Ҷ˰˰پʮŽףϢ˰ʱһ̤
̤ϾŰٽ׵ʱҶϢһϣȲǱѹ֨֨졣
ˮʪ̨ףһʱҶӦѹ˹ָ
аСװһҪζɲ˭ʸ񳢵ĺٺ٣


50 ͻ
Ҷɹ̤ϾŰٽ׵˲䣬ɽ˶ˡ
Ȼڶ̤˾ŰٽףǺεȵ
ʷ̤ϰ˰ٽףΪΪϵǿߣѵҶԺпʶս𣿡
˷һοĿҶСӣԽԽˣӰؼҵḶ́ضǰܶࡣ
˶̾ȣ壬ǺӰǵĵһĶʼɺͷߺޡ
һüëһеǿΣ¼ҾԲ˻ĳǳֵڶ˷磬ǽһѡ
ٿھŰٽϣĿ˹Ҷһ˿ӣ૵صҶһѧţĳɾͱضԶҵȣƫƫһޣѡ񰡣
ԺеƷһڲ裬΢Ц㰡ôˣԻȲжҵģңѧԺԺʦ¹أκ˲Ӱѧɷչ
ô˵ҪҶѡޣҶĿţôһʧЩĵĵ
ѧԺشһСԺص˵ֻǸԺԺ˻ҲʦԸ
ʦΪͨ죬ι컯ѧԺµĹر⣬ǲҪ죡
ǣʦֽѵǣСִܹˡʦĴ˵ٱĺͣð԰Ժһ
ֻҪľάѧԺĹؾˣĲӦòĵģǾͺúÿְɣܸǴپϲԺ΢΢һЦ
ɫѾ𽥺һĵǣѾƣϥԭأйϿָ
̨ϵַ˱仯
һҶʵǽŰ١
ڶĽףʵǽ߰پʮš
ʵʵǽٰ߰ʮߡ
ҹ꺮ʵǽ߰ʮ
ѩʵǽ߰ٶʮš
ȴˣΪͬپʮŽףѾԺܶʵٽףǶʧˡ
Ҷٶʮ׵ʵʮˣҲǰ˻ĳǳҶΨһһͻٽ׵ĵӡ
ٽһγķɢ̨ϣΪֵĵطپʮŽطҲβ͡
ۼʮˣҲڤֵĵطݵĿ㹻Ų˱ȥ
ϲ֣ԴҶలµϢˡ
糿⣬ոϵ棬ĵǷ׷ף̧ͷϷģһҪȫԸƴһõĳɼΪһˡ
ǵ׼ʱϱߵľǸո۵ģһ±ɢ
ֻŰٽ̨ϣҶϵϢԽҰһɲͣ
찡𣡡
ոսףҪƿҶʲô
ھŰٽ׳Ľడ˵ţǷӰ
ȫˣҶΪĿɿڴ۸ǹЦҪǲֱûˣ˻ĳǵľһЩ׳գ
Ȼ۵Ļȴ˵ﻰ˵ˣȷʵΪɱû
˷翴ҶıӰап࣬ҶﰡҶͲͣ
ʵҶ诣۾ҶӣڣĲš
ҹ꺮ҲͷΪţĮר˳Էʱ䶼˳ӡ
ǸҶһȣ֪ԼǶôǣ򲻸ôģ붼û
Ľһ˿⣬ͷ˰ɣ챻ɳɹˣ컹Ҫǲûˡ
ҶȫƿȻǳӯʼղһ㣬ʼղܴƱϡ
Ҷ֪Ҷ֪ϴνڤݵѹԼĵԼıԽӵļˣԺƿ¶Ϻܶࡣ
Ҷһ㶼ڣõôȣⶼǷǳֵõġ
߰˴γʧܶգҶڽָһĨһöʵҶУſ콫ʵ
ڳԶ
һöӣ
Ǹӵɫ
찡ǿʿ߲źʹõĹʵ̫˷ˣ
Ժ۾öʵһ۵벻СһԵôܵõ½׿Ҫɹˣ
׳ɹҪ֮ĸʲᳬٷ֮һĲֹ𣿡Щǡ
ѽǹֻǹάߣ֪ƶߣȨı䣬ǰĿŰɣܾСһﲻôġԺ
븹ӿ˲Ҷʱ֯ȫ
䣡
ƿѡ
Ҷʱżѵѡǿоųɰտ԰Ȼȹνףǲĵκθ죬ΪһͨĽס
޾ѹ֮뵤ܲסѹݻٵĿҪųɡ
ҶͻȻһ覵ӣſɬȻ뿪ĳʱһʹ
һҧһе罭ӵ࣬Я֮ӿ뵤
䣡
ҶʱоԼһˮһ±ˮ룬ʱ
ءҶ·ըͷ飬һͷڷ˿˿裬·ħȫƤ죬Ѫ
һƤϳϸСƣƬ̼佫ҶȾѪˣʱһ㡣
˷͵վ˫ȫսĶҶ
ҶˮҲֹסҶҪͦס
ҶҵһƬհס
ԼҵӹżãȫһǵĿҶС¸
ʵҶͦһԵģ
ֻĽһɵĿҶǻֻĿУڴҶﵱѵĳ档
ͷҶﱣͷתͣգÿת׳󼸷֡
׳еٶȾԽ죬ֲѹͻһ˿Ҷ￴һϣ
֮ǰոɾת
翴ҶʱȻ漣Ӳ˰ʱ䡣
Ȼҡҡ׹Ӱʱпܵ£ܳסôʱ䣬ܵѶɲ
Ҫ֪ڤݣΪѧԺռˣеĲѧԱǱԡʡΪҪľ
һ߶ԶԸأûг˵ԣٺõ츳Ҳûá
һ㡣
㡣
ʱ
ȻҶȻ߿ȥǱ֣ͬв򣬷·ʱϨ
ǴҶ֪ʱϵԽҶԽȫ˲ģϵĶĿҶټһأڵ϶
ֱһʱҶĲֹͣҶﳤһаĨһ亹
ŵѹٴôһ㣬ҶȻᱻѹʬ޴档
ԺҲôˣԻûģҶ¶İġ
ܵѾĵز֮ʱĸղŵľЩҡˡ
ǲӦһأ


51 ϼһ
Ҷﻺ۾ŹԼǣ΢΢һͷʾõġ
ҶûֱǼڵأΪȻɹף˾޴ƻȫв̶ͬȵ𣬾ͷ˼
Ҷȫģֱӹһ̳صİٹҲľԳѨ׼ƷٹƣҶΪٹһֱûóȡ
ٹǼƷո븹ʹŹȫȫĸתȻԼеٶȡ
ڲоʱרת󰵽ٻָơ
ҶѶȹνף˰һͬʱҲѡ
ҶѾƲɵһЩѾ¾ģȥ󿴿ܸܲҶһϵ
ϣҲҪһЩ⣬˾ԲʺˣǾһǳõķ̲ġ
ҶָƵʱ˾𾪣ǵǰڿУ˶
֮ĸ־ᶨ֮ǰߵѾî㾫ʼ׷׷ֱ׷
Ҷｫȫָ۾Ѿӽ磬ǿ˵һ죬Ҳǵ֮ʱ˾ҪĻˡ
ӿȵоߵѹС˺̧ܶ࣬ͷɽȥоʮŽס
ҶɲΪʮŽףϵģΪʱͷ١١ŰٶһѶȵķԾѹ
ǾŰһףҶ￰ƿֲ壬ûѶȿɼһ㡣
ʮŽףȻŸϾĿ飬ѧԺԺǧ꣬ʷϴﵽŰٽ׵ֻаٶˣǶһҲûУõĳɼҲžŰʮš
Ҷһ׼
һȥֻĽѾͻ˰˰ٽףڰ˰ٶʮ׶Ρ
½ʵҹ꺮ѩˣһƬһֱŵپʮŽס
ھһϵϢڵӶܣΪ࣬ɹٽס
ҲѾɹĽѧԺѧԺеʸкܶѾӯ
ΪЩĻ̫ѵˣÿ˶ôԴǴһЩǺܸԣļ塣
˵һΨһһλᣬҲġǣûôˡ
پʮŽϣֻŬǲƴ޷Խ蹵
ǰ˻ĳǵӣһԼҵģһҶҵģҶҵӸǾʮľһѪ̨ϣȾʯͷϵ·Եô
Žǰ̨ףȴ˿;ֽȻ෴
ҲǱڵϣŴʱ̨ϵˣеᣬΪ˶֪Ѿע̭ˡ
û˳ЦǣΪٽ׵ĵӣǳƶʲߣǺͬˣʲô
Ҷ￴ǸҶҵӣͷһ֪ǸӽҶƽһˣصв
Ҷƽĸ׵³ҲܾۣҶܹٶ١
Ҷ𶯵ôĿȺ;ǿǶһޱȵĿʱԼ
һҧԵģǷʲô˲ģȥȻǵһ
֮Ҷһ˶˼£תͷ̨ȥ
˻С߻ħˣ
򶼷ֲˣӻ˰ɣ
˷ƿڴʲô
һεĶŰԺҶҴûһܲµʲôѵˣǴ˵Ĵ
Ҷû˲Ŀ⣬ֻʵҶһ΢Цһ¡
ֱپʮŽףǱĵǰҶڵϵҶƽ㻹𣿡
ƾҶΪѾȫٽµѹ⿪˵
ҶƽҶһͷѵĴӵվ
ҶһЦӣһˣ
˵ŻһҶƽı۰һٽס
ȫԾĿҶ˶ЩĿͣȻΪ˴һĵӣֵ
ףǰ˻ĳǵס۽е
ɽϵͤﴫһҶΪûΥѧԺΪҶףҲǵף
ԺĻһϣ˵ǰҪԼҲ˰
ڤԼķֻǰܺˣһˣôǰѶȾͻӱ
˾ңҲ˺һ̨ȥϢ
ռ˵ιϵѧԺĴûԸΪһɲŵĵӣȥһŵУɵӶɵġ
˷ȴԽԽҶҶﻥλãδҶ޷˵ȥԼͬ顣
Ҷƽͬ˰ζƿԭѾͻȻֻϣϣδЩֵ̫ˡ
ΪԼĵӣǱ峤޵ݣһǿȪӿ
ҶҶƽļҶжѪüͷһ£ñ˿ǣΣǸĽǸƨ
οҶƽҶ˻ضپʮŽףͬԼҵӴٽס
Ҷﲻж£˵˶پʮŽףҶһ㶣ΪپʮŽϣʣһˡ
ӾҶͷǵĵӣΪҶ֪Ҷȥǵĵӡ
ĶԹҶôǵӣѾǲˣûлĿܡ
Ҷ￴˿ӣ໹㣬Ӧòʮ֮ˣЦһֻҲǸϣֻҲǷţ˳ְһѰɣ
˵һӵƨϣǵӵʱƼٽס
ǵӣûаֵȫŨŨĸм
ҶĶ˴ϡ
ѵСˣ
ǰֺǣ
òҲûʲôãôأưոݵģ
Ҷһ±һɻˣһָָ۵ϼһˣҰ˻ĳǵ˶Ǹҵĺúӣ޳ܣֻᱳͱӣƲ㣬Ʋ㣡
¼Ҹ˷Ĺڣ۹˽֪˶¼ҽѧԺĹأѹ˻ĳǵӵ鶼ΪȻֻǼɵǵտڲԶѡ
ҶĻ۸˫ʮֱ׳꣬ȥʮѣƽһα˳Ϊϼһ
ҼȻҰͲԺΪҵĵˣȥĵӣòҪңǰЩֻһʼѡҶɭɭȫ
Ҫκһ˵ЩЦҶ˵Ļû˸ҵǴţΪ
ûһѿˣתϱȥ
вǣҲǵˣûʱǺģÿһʱ䶼˷ѡ
һοôǵӣҲžζΪϣԺѧԺ󣬱ֹɧš
ֻҶʱٶ̫ˣһһ̨ףƽʱڼ̨һתۼ͵پʮŽס
ɷ˵һҶ诵˾ĿԽٽס


52 ɹǶ
ԭٽ׶ѾʲôϣҶһһǿҵϢ˱Ǽ䡣
һҶʱʱ٣΢죬ȫҸЦ⡣
Ҷ£΢һͷתϼ壬ʱѹҪץʱˡ
ҶĬĬѹȷʵӣǲûôֲ֪ⶼΪͻƴĳɹ
ʵѾʵķԾ侭Űٽ׽׺ڳԭʮ⣬Ԫ֮һˮĴСѾɳȭͷС
Ҳ˵ҶѾʹһ˿ʿˡ
ҶﲻЩϲԺıֶһȫǿ˲١
ֻ˲ʱʱ䣬Ҷ˰˰پʮŽף̨ϣˡ
ֱĽ׺ʵĽѾܳʱˣϰٴΣӲ޷Խϡ
иһΣͣһѪˣ˾Űٽ׵Ŀֲ
ʵҲ΢΢ЩߴγѾԼ޷̤ϾŰٽˡ
ҶŰٽ׵ʱ򣬶ʵһЦȻѧʿһֻ֡
ʵƳһԱߵĽף΢΢һЦַҶĴ֮С
ʵΪҶΪԱߵĽףǳ
û뵽ǣס֣Ҷֱһ죬סʵԾ
ͬĺĿѣУתھŰٽϡ
Ϊѹֲ̫ʵҪˣʵ벻ҶȻ˴󵨣Űٽ׵ʱ򣬾ȻҲҴǿ
Ҫ֪ڤĹЯִأôѹǿȾͻӴһ
ҶΪȥһΣѹԭһʵôѹıȻܴʵɵԾϾŰٽף˶Ϊ֮ݡ
˾Űٽ֮ҶŸܵѹԭǿ˲٣ղˣصʱһˤԼʱס˽ŲҪҪˡ
ʵǱһžµСһƬͨ죬ȻⲻǺߣǱѹ͸
ҶϽİʵڵϣҶĶʵͬûйͷһ㣬ſڵϣǽڵϡ
Ҷʵ̵ͦСһѣʵŭĿУȥ
Ҷһ̨׺ʵʱоΧѹһɣæ˼ٹһѹҲҪϢˡ
ҶŰһʮ׵ʱѹб仯ֱŰʮ׵ʱҶоѹǿòͣϢһ
ʱΪѹ󣬿ռѾŤҶҲ
ʱѾȫˡ
찡̤˾Űʮף
Ѿ˼¼
ֲ̫ˣ
˷һοĿҶ
Ҳһ˷ܵı飬ԺһƽκĲ
ʵһԹĿҶȻвʣ֪ԼҶԶĳЩ˻ǿٵģһĵĿ±ǱĽס
Ľ״ʱĶˣʵԲˣʼһӱӵĿ⿴Լʧܺӵĸ꣬ʵѾǰˡ
Ҷһʱ䣬еѾָæվμԤУԼÿһԺ·ߵĸԶһЩ
ʱҶÿһǳĳĴ⣬ڵҲڼٵš
θһߣһҪָһˡ
ҶߵŰʮŽ׵ʱһתһ̤
εҶ̤ھŰʮ׵ʱڶʱһҶڵЩת̣ƺһ㡣
Ҷæϥ£ԼϿӦѹ
ոӦҶֱվû˿ǰȥ
Űʮһ
Űʮ塣
һ·ŲǣüζЩվȽŲҶϲָо·Լʱͻһ㣬Ϣ
ŰٰʮŽף˶ͣ˽ŲһηһڴĿҶΪѾ˼ޣ޷һˡ
Ҷǰߵѹڵȫޱתһȭ
أ
һը졣
Ȼһȭգȴͬʯһ㣬졣
ȭͷһϾŰپʮףżմ棬ҶоԼͬŭ֮УʱᱻߣæסΡ
ۣ
һѪҶˡ
ǰʵʱѹȻ󣬵ǶģѹȷǻģղҶ͸оԼ˲䱻š黨һ
һߵֵѹһǰȥԸܵÿһ׶ҪܲͬѹֱŰپʮ߽׵ʱҶͣ˽ŲΪԼôŬ޷ǰˡ
һӣһѳУǹϱߵһƣǰȥ
ռ˺һ㣬һ죬Ҷһɹ̤˾Űپʮ˽ס
ҶһͺȣƤʱͭɫ鲼壬˶ͬͭɵĵһ㡣
ѹȶȥʱһᣬһϾŰپʮŽס
Ҷ̤һ֮ʱɽһһɰɽ
Ҷ﷢Χ֮ͻȻŨ۶֮ܿšɵˡ
Ҷоһˬµḛ̈ΧĿ
̨ϵ˶ʱһᣬѹȫʧſɽͬһγһ̨»¡
˲֪ν֮ʱԺһȾˡϿǶǵĽͣʧмǲɿ̨ףԭգ
Żߵ֮γɵ˲ҵȫתȡ
ǾϲķЩ֮ԼΪԾ˵ٶԼƽʱϰٱֺ׷׷ա
˸շӦʱҶѾڵϣھ޴ޱȵͬ糵һ㣬Ҷȫת
ʱһ޴ķͣΧ֮ͷϷγһֱһɶС
ʱһ򵭶İԺβסеľҪ֪һ֮ٶǸĴСйء
̨ΪߵĽףͷϷҲ߶㣬ҶȻﵽ˾˵һɣ˵ҶѾĽ״
ҪˣĽ׿ǾʿҶһ߶ѣһʶİԺһ
˲ҶѰһ̨ͻйء
Ҷ֮ǰҲеĵӣ飬һ⣬ȫ
˲ʹĽѵ£ҲûĳˣҶǵ֪
ͻˣһͻΣڳе˶ѾҶ𾪵Щľˣ꣬ʲôôס
Щпһĵǣ̫ˣȻҶĹôĻԵ
䣡
䣡
䣡
֮ҶǳϵϤͻʱϷ졣
찡컯
ϧЩǣ
һڱ̭Ľʡ޵ĿУ̨ڵͻ֮˷Ϊ׳ۡ


53 ѧԺ
ŽϱͻƵĵӣ̾ϢһˣҶˣ
ʵѧԺ֮Խɽ֮УȫΪĵòΪʿ̻󣬿ԽΧ﷽Բ֮һֹΪʥء
ʵѧԺκһɶģΪֻԴԴϵĵӣ˵һͶʣ档
ڤݣʵҲһ󣬲Щ⣬ڲ̻Լķڿӡ
ڤݣÿմ֮󣬻ڿ˽ϵĵӡ
ֻԼĹڽݵѶȲͬ˽ʱԵһӵΣ㷢֮Ķ١
һ˰˰ٽףôڤݣͻѰ˰ٽµ֮ȥ
˰ٽϵ֮򱻱һͻߣû˴ﵽͻһֱ
ʷ߼¼ǾŰٶʮŽףҲ˵Űʮϵ֮Ѿǧˡ
ⶫûйһ˵ֱӶһˡ
ǧĻ۱Ҷһٴƣ̵֮ĺˮ˱ӿ
ȻҲкܶͻƣǾԲô࣬ŸոտʼѾһͻˣϴһϵʱ䣬޹汻̭ĵӼʵ۾졣
ҶΪһôȻҪȱ˶Ķ࣬ΪλøպԴͷ֮ʱһЩԱߵ֮Ż±ȥ
پʵգ±ߵĽףȻ·
Ҷգ޲һ㶼±ߵʵ̫Ӵû˿赲ֻƴ
ֱ󷨴նٶкġ
±ߵӶ̨꣬ϵȴָ֮ͬ䣬ǷΧҲû˿֮ʱ̫ѾĹâǴкˡ
ôô찡
ҸоûأһᣬҲͻף
˵أҸоոտʼͽˣ
δҺĽк֮ʱҶﻺ۾һȵǻһ˿΢Ц
һϵС磬ѾǾˡ
΢΢еƵǣȭͷԪûΪͻƶ˿
ҶﻹǷǳ㣬ϾԪʿž߱ĶԼڼô࣬ѾǷǳˣ˲̰ᡣ
ĽҲ¶ЦݣѾʿԲȻûͻսʦҲˡ
Ҫ֪Ϊ̶ȲһЩ߿ԱģҪ̫֮Ͼ󾳽ɲ˵ƾʹƵģҪһĻԵ͸򣬲ǹӯС
ʵҲһ˷ܵı飬Ҫʱܽһףһҹ֮ܲĻŭš
ҹ꺮͹ѩҲͻ׶ΣϢǰӳȣҹ꺮˿͸
Ҫ˵ȴҶ诣Ȼͻ׶Σһͻ죬ࡣ
츳Ϊֻж죬һͻô࣬Ҳܹ˽ܡ
ľҶҶԴͷ϶ȱո
ҶҶҲֻ˾ߣȴԲûѵΪԭûȫգ
Ǿ벻ҶѾʹ˳̵ȥˣκޱ޼ʣͣһҹҲǿǿѡ
ҶԤ֮УƲɼãҪۺҪ죬ǲܵġ
Ҷﲢģ¾֣ٶȾԱȱ˿Ķ࣬ۺǱ
ҶѾھԼĳɳ˷ܵĲ֪˵ЩʲôãеѾʼˡ
һƬҺ֮УԺһ˶ɵɽҶ΢չ¶һ˿ͣȻ˵ȹϲ˵СһѾҵĳΪѧԺѧԱ
Ү
һƬڣϾǶһȺʮĺӣҲŲʮˣкǱ˷ܵѷʽ
ʱǸǵļ𣬸һʱʱ䣬һʱɽϡԺĻ䣬һȺѾ׷ױԼȥ˵ԼҸ
Ҷ˻ѾߵĲˣ԰Ժʩһתһ·ܵ˻ĳǰ
峤
Ҷ磡
ͨ
ͨ
ûҶ˵һԼҵӺҶƽĹڵϣҶһݡ
ҶһǳϰڣҲôỹأӡܱôݵ˶ء
ʲôһأⲻҶЩĵ
ǵģҶ磬ûİҸ޷ͨıҵˣһáԼҵһϵĵ
ˣɣ˼ҿʲô£Ժɱһף߯ϰߣ뱨ңշҺȼپƾˡҶһѷˡ
˷һЦҶļģ
Ҷﱻ˷ĵ죬˷缤£˰
ҲҪǻһߣֱָӱĲзˣҶľǶӰ
һҶϥ£ûǳԾǺЦҪ˷£ҶҪȥˡ
˷ѵһ죬һѰҶҶһǵСƶëʲôʱܸһģˣʲôҪľ͸Ͻİɣ˵ûˣ
⻰ôôᣬ˲ŸɵİɣҶֱ﷽ʽ⡣
Ҷ˷ĸ첲ɫѧԺûʲô⣬˻ĳǵĵӣҲ۸ģһģ
ΨһĵҶңǺӰǳôĿ϶ưոݵģǶԸңȥԸҵļˣǱ߻Ҫˣ
İɣֻҪ˷ڣڰ˻ĳû˸ҶԸҶҡ˷һظ׷
ҶߵһΨһһ̭ĵǰҶҲЩΣǵһ־ͱ̭ģԼҲ
ȥҪҶҵŬ߲пθǣһ˿һҪиҶﶣӵ
ӵͷҶֵȥҲҪúѧԺǳΪǿߵΨһ·ǿ߶ǿԼĻԵųɳģҪģ
šӱЩҰҶĻʱһ
һʱ˷һ˵ĿУ̤˴󣬶Ҷһ֣ʧڴǰ
ˣҶɽɡٵ˵ĶУе˼
ϾŰپʮŽɽֻһƽ̨ƽ̨һȴŴǰ
ʮɸߵĴţҴ޾ѹ¥ɷдĸ֡ѧԺ
⿴ĸ֣֪ϱ̺־ҶﶼۣһЩӿһۣҡҡ׹ˤڵϡ
ϱߵ֣ǱԺԺ⣬µҽһԼ˰ӣǱԺĸԺǿҪΪԺ˻˵Ժɡ˵ŻԺһָһƥɳ֮ϡ
¡¡һ졣
Ż򿪣һµϢӭ


54 ײ
ӵĴŻ򿪣һƬѹѹӰһ
Ҷ¹һ£ǰߵȺǧˣҸϢǿᣬΪǿ󣬲ơ
ѧԺÿһѧôһôء
Ҷ֪ԭѧԺÿһĹ⣬ƽʱһЩԷ
Ҷͨ˵ѧͬЩ˴ǿʧܣѾ˿ǿԼһѧѧԺŻѧϰʸ
ѧԺÿһεӣյĶǾӢԺӵķöѧԺģʹѧԺ׽⡣
һЩԷ֧֣ѧԺҲΪЩͷۡ
Էɲÿ嶼ܹӦģÿʮҵѧѣôȴ
Ҷ˵ǹѧģֻЩŴ󷧣帻ǲ
ǰߵĶǵѧѧ磬ΪҪǸ̫̫࣬ԺѧԺ˳˳ҪǵĹգȥɡٵĻ
һѾǰѧǵѹͷİɢˣһĶǰ߱ȭ
ⲻˣΪҶİ˻ĳǵӾûж
˻ĳǵҲҪģǼ˼Ҷ˫ֱһΪȻļƣ׷ͣ˶
˶ڹ񣬶ȻվԵҶЩ˷ǳͻأ
ѧԺ棬΢ЩʾζѹһİԺõĹ
۵ľǣǳʵãһЩ۸ڶƵǣԼ£ʵ߳ǣʵʵˡ
⣬ڳҲǴģǵҲҪ
ڽֵҲһϵʱȴôʮˣûа˼ŭա
ӣôһ㲻أ
׳գڵԺ󻹲ñ۸
Ǻǰ˻ĳǵĵӣһĻеҲ֪вһᱻ۸̧ͷЩĻͬĵ
۷׷֮ʣһŵ˻ĳǵİ׳ǣѵ֪ǰǵˣﶼҪſߵ𣿡
ѭȥҶ￴һмĿҶˡ
ǵˣ
һΣ˻ĳǵҪùˣϧ滹һǵ˰κΰʵ㣬޷Ӣ۾һƵ
˻ĳͷһŭͨ˵ϲȫʧףǵĿϾҪˡ
ҶЦһЦתͷŰӵԺˣǶǲЩ̫˰
Ȱӻش𣬻Ǹӡ
ҶǲֵģᱻġʵЩĵкöˣѧԺĹرȴ˶˵Ķࡣ
ʵĻδţӣȫĿⶼҶϡ
ҶһɫۣŲ޳Σɢǿƣ˶ǰһ
ۣ˧СѧܰһŮӵ
ǰԵ˼ҸоĶأ
Уȹ˽죬һҪĸᣬļƷһҪֿ죡
һЩŮѧԱ֮ʱҶǰ
ɲмĿҶСôң֪ĳƨǣû㣬ҪǸ֣Ͼͻᱻôôȥɡ
˵껰һŵĴЦߵһȦˣҲŹЦ֮¡
ٸ˵ֹˡ
Ҷɫ䣬ЦˣҶҼסˣҽҶԺҪǰ˻ĳǵĵӣߣһʮٱĳ
˵һ仰һʵʵɱ˲ϣߵһȺ˶ȫ
ֻʱѣһеںϣֻҪԷһͷͿԶԼһ㣬һŵɫɸ
ֽ˫Ŀ֮ʪһƬ类ŵʺһŵζƮɢ
ҶɱɢһɲǣӺٶһ໥һۣӶԷУǿŨŨ𾪡
ЩӵĿһ꣬ղǹɱһ
ɱɱʱ¶Ϣɱɱ˺󣬲ԹԽǿγɵɱԽǿ
ڸղҶͷɱһɲǣоƤһ󷢺ѵɱʼǿߣ
뷨ʱҡҡͷһɱһʼǿߣЦûţҶԽԽ˽ˡ
Ҷû뵽С˲һʿȻ־ôһɱֵˡ
ҶתصԼĶУҶ뿪ͨһҲֲסһƨڵϣڵĴг˿־Թ
㶪˶ˣĿ֮£һŵôСʧԼºܳʱ䶼ΪѧԺµЦ
ͬĲ£뿪ֻ뿪ķʽǳ硣
ߵҶóһɿ·УűӵĻЧܻһЩ
û뵽ʽ䵭ճٸɿһµǰ䷢ʱ䣬ȸҽһѧԺĽƶȺͻʹù򣡡
ͨٵĽ⣬һԭѧԺԼĻҡ֡
ѧԺ˽лңֻѧԺʹãڻѧؼ߼ޣҩһȵȣ˵˻־һС
Ļֲ֮һֻͨɱħ޻ðлõĵرһ
ѧԺѶȣƷӦĻ֣ǻûֵΨһ;
Щٵ濪ʼȡֽ֣ǰڤݵηַ
һҶɼͨأֽһ򡱻䣬ը˹
ʲôûɣһһµĸʮְ
ǰһǧְСôһ򰡣ǲԺݰ
׳գ⿴ȥˣû˼ҵĳɼͨذǿʷϵһ
Ľʵ鿴ҶЦĴӹֿ޲ȥ
ҶﵹһƽһȻܸߣԼԺҪϰǸ󻧣Լһֹû˵
ٷֱ𷢷˵ڶĻֽڶʵԾŰٽ׵ĳɼǧ֣˷ܵЦͨ죬۾ʱҶͶмĿ⡣
Ľ׻ǧ֣ҹ꺮ǧ֣λӵĹѩһǧ֡
һͳһĽٻ֣һԺ˶ٻ֡
æµ˽һʱнϺٴ˵һǻصԼᣬרŵ˴ǹȥúϢ쿪ʼʽϿΣ
ʲôϿΡҶһеĻֿڵϡ


55 
۹һƬģԲ˼ȫޣħ޵磬ðյ߶
żɽдҰһֻչﵽʮɵľצץһֻڿն
εôᣬУͬһֻСһ㣬֮
һƬյħУȴһѧԺڴ
ȻֻзԲѧԺܣ̻ģγһǿĻɽ󣬾ǵħޣ޷ƿ
ڲľǽߵãŨǵ°빦
ѧԺһȵӭ½׶ΣѧԺĿγ̣ҪһЩ֪ʶ
аѧԺĹءԡѡ񼰽ɵȵȣרŵĵʦϸ⡣
γ̵һһڿγ̣ڿγ̲۽⣬һľӢѧԱҷһЩеĵᣬһЩսеļɡ
ڿϵĳͨ˽ѧԺ⣬űġԷ
ǵ߱ʹﵽһǧࡣ
Ȼ۹ԣһƶ񤣬Ҳмĸ˳ֻ֣ƶһЩ
ֳʮ༶ÿ༶ˣֱʮͬĵʦ
ʮ༶оŸǳİǶžӢѧǵľĵᡣ
ֻһ༶Щ졣
ҶƽµľϿΣһʦϿΣƤͻƤܣֻƤǧôŬ޼¡
ټʦڿħĴߴʦһ㣬˲䱻ߵĺ˯
ڲӵʱʱΪɼ󣬵ʧ֢ϿδŴһ£ӾͻẨȻ˯ȰҩЧá
ֻû뵽ԺëȻ˹ǰҶԴԼ˯Ǽֵʧˡ
Ҷſϣ˯㣬˯֮˳Ȼ磬˰ѾԻ̸Цһ㡣
ȻһʹҶоѣ붼һƳ
Ҷֻоһʶһ£ܴԼһֻЩץ
һŮԵľ˵
쵰һȡ
ҶﶨһǰһòŮĿԲԼֻҪҧԼһ
ܵˣԼĿĽҶЩɻصλ
㻹λŮӲ㱻ҶˡڸϿΣȻҵĿ˯
ŮһѧԺܴû뵽ָɵһ÷Ρ
ҲʱҲͬһķ´һְ䡣
ѵлԼҷһ£һѧĹ٣ϸĵ׼˺ܾá
û뵽ոսһ룬ͷ±߾Ȼں˯ŭ
ȥšҶĶ䣬ʱѾˣֱӰСʱóȻû뵽
Ҷ˯ԺһƣֱӴǰһ޳ܵһ
һһߵģһġ
һٶʱȫŴͣѧԺ͸ҵϷѧ㣬öĵӰ
һʱҶҶľϽˮ಻
ҶףҪˣæǸʵѧˣСĽ⣬֮ͬư֮ͻȻ򣬾Դһս
ٸҳϿ˯ҪǲҸŷɣûꡱŮҧгݵĵ
ǹ˼ĹأԻúýѵһСɫǡ֪ѧĶôóԵġ
ҶĵصģҸղŸĽ⣬Ȼඥļԣһ׹Ϊľ
ãҾڸ򣬲˯ôô͡˵һָϵһ̲ˮ
һϵĿˮаЦ߾ƱҲûˡ
ҶСҶҶƤ״򲻶ˮ֣һϲصһţѧһ㲦Ѿˡľһ˵һʽ
ʽѧЩɻ
ǰԴġľһʽΪӡҶ͵
ʲôãʱһͬʵ
λ̨ʵúãһСӡʵޱȵĴɱ̨ƴǳʵáҶ޵
Ǿôһ̯ˮС޶ۣʵڿʲôĵطָ㡱̵ͬ
ɱƽʱ϶ṫģѧָҷһҲ޷
ҶԲѵصǸֱȶ֮ʱͻȻһڿˮܶԷʲôĸ֣Ȼܣǰ֮ˣƱػЫ
ڶԷ֮ʱ©ΪԼӮôûᡣ
ܹԳְ²ˢôĿˮȻʰɫζŨ˷θЧѣôɫôѿ
Ҷ˵˵ţΧɫ죬ŮӸֽסԼͣĵԼ
ˣҪ˵ˡλѧҲܲˣüͷ¾ˣҺúΣŪЩ߰ĸ򣡡
ǣСܽѧ̻塱ҶһĵﰵĨһ亹úƹȥˣҪ̯ϴˡ
ûأһʹһôͻȻ󰵽ת
ѧǯһ㣬ļסҶ⣬ûаףȻ˿κսĲ
ѧֻ˲Сӣûô꣬ţ
ȻϢջ֣Ҷļ֪ѧʲôأ
ҶȻһЦݣʱЦЩӲСҶѧ㣡
ܺãҽҪŶˣǼʼϿΡ˵꣬Ͱѧ߻˽̨ʼ⡣
ҶƵ£ʹ˺һʧ
ãҼסˣǰɣĲ벻סѣЩδĴ˴֣оϱ߻ء
ֵܣоôͬһڴʵ
ˣҪࡱҶһĵ
鰡Ƕͬ͸¶ͬЩġ
ȣϰ֮ˣӦģκﲻܸҵȵģɫˣ
̨߼Сܽˡͬһĵɫ˿ģǸְ
ҶҪ˵ָǳ󣬶ҵʮ㣬ĳղܣϧʱִ̫ˣ
ͬ

һ˹Ҷƫͷù
飡
һˮͬͷϣһŭϿڼ䲻˽
ӹˮûͬҪưˣʱƵĲˮգѧԱôЦ
ҶﻹǷǳģûиŴҳЦ͵ѧˣղλ̨ڿ߷ڣػѣ
죬ڶ˵ŭһһսʦǿߵϢȫʱôͷһϽ͡
һڿֲѹɣȷһȲ뿪˿ãһִӵѵĸо
ҶƲƲ죬ں뿪ӦôȥȥˣøһҪڵϲУһ£ؾȥ


56 
ԶѧԺɽڣһĶڣһŮһϣϸĿš
Ųʳ˼̻Ϣ续ˣȻĿϱߵּ
૵û뵽㻹һߣᵢУҵʱ䲻ˣͰ
ȻԺͻȻֳҶǳЦݣ·ڶԼָһŹֵơ
ʱһɨ⣬һĨЦĵǣ·ΪЦݣΧĻ䶼ҡҷ裬
۹񻪹һڣ磬Ц绨Ŀеֻܱ۾Ѿ
̫ˣҾ֪ҶģȻҲߣ֪ϲ񻪹ĻǾͿһˣ
ͬ񻪹ӿɾûôõˣʱһɭĿеϡ
ԱվһߣҶ￴ĻͻϳǵҶҲɱԼˡ
ҶѾѧԺǿºˡЩεĵ
޷䲻ֱӶ֣԰֣ҶӺ޺޵ĵѾܵҶв
׷磬ʼյò˵ķģ֪ҶĴڣ㰵¾ĳҶ
ڼӣѧŵ˵϶㲻ϵҶȻһƻļƻǳսǿ߶ûɱҶ
ҶȻŹ˻ߣԼо裬Ҷĺӵˡ
ȥŽĻңֻҪϷˡӽŽߣа⣺ҾͲôŪ㡣
ʱҶһ֪߹հ˹˲ؾ
ؾѧԺؼͼݣ㣬ʲôؼС
ȫ⿪ţֻҪл֣ʱԹۿרŵľңɹϰǲô
ҶؾĴţһ߸Ҷ˵Ǽǡ
֪Ҷؼѡÿؼϱ߶жӦĻ֣ؼͬĵĻҲһ
Ҷ߽ʱ򣬻Ǵһֱһ˶ͼݡ
ؼ˸ֹ⣬ҩƷռֲʷ£ﴫ͵ȵ廨ţʲôС
ҶأҶﻹҪ嵱ǰģֱܵؼҵǩ󣬿ʼҡ
һɸѡһĻšһͼ
ǼǴǼǵʱȻȥҶ˰ٻ֣۵ҶѪѧ鶼ôԺĲϿ֪
۹ֲۣУֻҧгݵ飬һĿС
ե鱾ĶöԲԼ
ҶûмȥѡģΪǷǳϡĶǿӲĻңҾûбֵһ˵
ҶҪΪҪƴŬ⣬ҪԴΪֻһЦ
⡶䡷ԾģҲ˵ҶԺоǲͣģܽףҶѡѧϰģ˵һá
Ҷﻨʱʱ䣬ؼϵȫ̻˳ңؼ
ҶʱĹһȵĿҶ㲻࿴Ҫ֪ϰʱǲ޵ģ黹Ժ´λ뿴Ҫշ
ûҶˣٿҲֻ˷ʱѡҶνĵ
Ҳû˵ʲôҶҶ뿪Ƿһ˿м׳գе˾װɣʱס飬ƭȥɣ
ֹᣬʵҶѡ鶼ǼΪѼǵģһҪܼס߰˰˾ͲˣҪ˵ȫסܡ
ǱͼͼμΪӣƽһʱȫסһͼξͲˣҶĻΪװ13
Ҷûô࣬˲ؾ󣬱㼱ı򼯱
۱Ϊһеһҵ̣ʵһֻ̣õǮɻֶѡ
ؼϵĽܣҶҪֽҺıʡ
ʵһ飬ġ
ָǷģҺ壬һķţϿԴǿԡ
˼ˣһָ滭ģһָ滭õķģϡ
ֽ˵ֽʵɸ߽ħ޵ƤѹƶɣֽԷǳõıĵʹ䲻ʧ
Ķǿֽ̻ϱߣĳɹҵʵı̡
Һһַǳӵں壬Ҫħ޵ľѪʮϣһں϶ɣǳķ
ıʣΪʦרеҪǸߵĲٸߣõĲ϶ϧޱȣ඼Ҷδŵġ
ıʵļ۸Ҷﲻ֪Ҷ￴۱עļ۸񣬲ƿڴ
ע־ȻҪǧֱҶΪԼһ֣㲻Ǿ޸ҲӦСˡ
ȥԼϾҪ⵰ˣĵĳɹʸǳĵ͡
пԼȫֺ꣬Ҳδ̻ܿһķġ
˿ѾԥʱˣԼܳɹ޷ΪߵĳŵԺȻȻ˵ķ룬Ҷĵһʹ
һҧֱӻǧıʣֻһǧٻһٷֻֽǧٻһٷҺ
һٷҺҪǧٻֵģǱҶŪˡ
ҶõϺĻֿѾһѼҶᣬȻܼôס
ҶصԼᣬΪǵһԵʣҶֵһסøסᣬǷܶࡣ
ֱӽŹϣµһңǶסĺôӵһյ˽˿ռ䡣
ҶｫвϣСİڷųŬԼ״̬
ȡһֽһҺעУֽϷҪעС
һҺ䣬ֽϣܶСߵ㡣
£NO
ҶƵһͷһֽôˣԭҶһʱ⣬˵ҺעеʱҪʼƵġ
Ҷһ򶨣򶨣»һոµֽתһ˿ľ֮߶֮֡
Ҷչӣ֮΢΢һ£һ˿ɫֱۣı֮С
עıʺıڵҺͬһ㣬ڱڻת
Ҷﰴռ䣬ֽĿʼ̻һͼ
ǵ̻ս֮һʱҶûƺãһ˿ͣ١
ۣ
ֽ˲仯Ϊҽǰ
ݣ
޺޵һ䣬һ׼
ʦʱҪʼһտʼʱ򱣳ֶ󣬵βʱҲҪֶ󣬲ܶһֲһ
̻ͣͣĶãǳʦ곬
ۣ
ҡ
ۣ
淡
ۣ
ȥ˸
ʱҶУţȻҲڷټ١
ҶտʼʱڵͻһգϽС䡷ָ֮ʱҶ﷢֣֮ȸղŴһȦ
Ҷס䡷Ľʽˣֺ֮ñһ򣬰ŵٰôͻԭһЩ
ҪףǲͣͣĻָҶﲻɵĻŭţжԶϽĸмֱ޷ѵб򵥵ʽ
Ҷϵʮ˷ݲϵʱڳɹƳһķġ
һЦеϸ


57 ¸Ŀ
ҶϸһģΪƹǡһֹͷģȻֻǳģ;ǳĹ㷺
ʲôԸǴһƻ׼ġƹǡģһɵ֮䡣
ҶеöģûоⶨҲ֪ЧΡ
һεĳɹĴͬʱҲĵᣬĳɹʻ߲١
һҹʱָѾǵڶ糿
ҶҴҵϴ󣬺ҵĳ˵㶫˾۱
ӵĻԭʶҶϾһԹ˽һֵĶɲеġ
ֻҶͷɢ˫ͨ죬һǲҺ˵İɡ
ֹϻǼһЦã֪ǹǳƷ
Ϊ֪ҶĿѾѼˣϣǺܴ
ҿղֵٻ֣ҶҲϻֱóһĵݸ
찡ȻģԵһ£ȥмʦӵĴһĻҶһܽݡ
Ṧ򣬳һλʮҵߣҶӦһ£ߵΪҲս
ҴɱأȻǴʬɽѪģҶ²˺пιɱ
ѧԺ۹ϵУȻֵ۹񣬵ĳЩ棬ڰֵ֧۹ġ
Ϊ۹˴˲⣬ᰵ֧һЩԴѧԺڵһЩĵرһЩҩȡ
ϾѧԺǲӣҪôԴʱѧԺַ۹ȻṩҲгģỻȡһЩѧԺҪĶ
߿Ҷһۣе˵ͷһԼǰʵѵãڵҽæһЩƷģ
ѧҶʦҶ΢΢Ƿ
ƨĴʦֻ۸ֵ͵ļһѣ˵˵ŻҶڡ
˵ҪģѧԺʮͷһذЩȵĵ
ҶֱۣѧԺֻһЩǻôڣұǡ
ǵģѧոѧϰ֮ɺϣɹһΣʦĿ˵Űó
ʵҶ˻ѣȫ꣬ɹʮţûóΪ̫ס
˽⵽ƽһʦҪһģһҪһʱңɹһ㲻ɡ
˵ʦָж꾭飬ʦ˴ﵽ׼ˡ
ӹģϸһ󣬷һ̾ƽϣӽָȡһȭͷСĲɨ衣
Ӻһ𺳵صû뵽ССѾ˾̻ģһ㶼һʦǿȾȻﵽٷ֮ʮߣ
Ҫ֪ƹǡķģǿڰٷ֮ʮʮ֮ϸ񣬶ҶķľȻﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮߣˡ
Ź۹λʦҲʦҶ۹Ľ
Ҫ֪ʦļֵԶҶ
ҶﱻЩ˼ЦʦˣСֻǽҳɹѣʵڵƣ
ǧҪҴʦҾͽɣȻѧԺְǲѧԺҡֵ
ðɣСӾˣܻٻأ
һµҪһġƹǡģ۸ǧңĳ˱׼࣬Ҹǧ֣㿴ʲ
ǧҶûʲô飬Ŀֿ˻
ô٣Ҫ㿪ۡҶûбʾ̽ʵ
Ŷǣļ۸϶Ҹղֻ뵽˱ˡҶЩ˼Ц
ãǾͶˣȥһ֡æ
𼱣ﻹţһ˰ɡ˵ŻҶó
ʱһҪҶֻƳɹһţǻпɡ
ǳɹǾ;ʵˣҶ̬ԽĹˡ
⣬һٷ֮ʮһһٷ֮ʮš
Ҷ뿪۱ʱҶֶٷݲϣѼҲ֡
Ҷа̾ʦĸоǲһϵʱ˼Ҷǰġ
Ƿһٻ֣ԼƤģٷֲϣԼû˵˼ҾֱӸ˸ۡ
Ҷûһ԰еȫһ治䶯
һҲԿԼܲõϣϾֻǰƷûûЧġ
ԼѾ¸ĿԺûлˡ
Ҷ뿪۱˵¥רһЩҩͬʱҲһЩĵرԼϡ
ҶѡһЩⶾ˵֮ҩƷΪĵҩҶͳͳˡ
оõҩΪܾЩɿӰԼΪ򲻻ǲɹϺ󣬱뿪˵¥
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߲ȴһҪǧ֣Ч֪߰ķѧԱȴ
վסǰֹҶۣſڵǳ⡣
˵ʵһЩѧԱΪ׬ȡ֣䵱ʱѡ
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ҶΪߣһ֪ѧԱ˼ѵʶǳ⡣
˵λֵܣôˣѵأҶ
㣿ѣ֪һҪٻ𣿾ЩӵĲҲЦˡмЦ᲻ýء
ҿүӼʶһ£ʲôǻʲô˲ģ䡱Ҷŭ
˵Сӣͱ¿ӲʺˣһµĸͲ㶼ס죬Ͻȥɡһĵ
ҶûˣߵԱߵĵǼǴķ䣬죡
֮ЦֱҪеĳì֧ţƻֱſڵϡ
Цһ;ЩԾˣҶӵǼǴȡһöƣϱʵдšš
İɣ˶ɴ۾ţҶҡڵ˹
ֽõĵ죬ñǿ׿˵ôڿԽȥ𣿡
ԣ
Ȼԣ
˼ѵһڿˮоЩɬ
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˵ŲǸʦѧĵطһ߹ȥǲЩ̫˷˰һЩʵĵ
˷Ѿ˷ѵ£үеǻ֡ҶѾڣĴ˳
ҶﰲĵڵĿֲٶȣǧֵļǮֵġ
ֱҶڳоԼѾ˶壬ʱһͻˡ
ջصסأûȽݣҶͷ󺹵˹Ҷ磬²ˣ


58 Է
ҶʱһҶȻΪߣΪ˽أŻŵġ
Ҷ磬²ˣ诽ǱһȺǵ˶סˣȥæɡҶĵ
Ǳ߱˵ϸڸһ£ô¡Ҷʱɫһ䣬ⱼȥ
ԭҽѧԺ֮󣬶˲ͬİ༶Ŀγ̽󣬴ҾͿʼΪĴӡ
ѧԺÿʮֱ׸⣬ȡλ
϶ǻɱһЩͽħֻҪӣǺɵġ
ɺ󣬿ƾħ޵ʬ壬ȡһһٵٻ֣Ƿǳḻġ
˵ĵطͻнĵطͻһЩеķ󣬱˴ġ
Ǿ˰һ񣬾ͻԻΪ֣ɱħޡ
ǾԲǰ׸ɻˣɺҪȡٷ֮ʮĻֽ
㲻ǡæôǾͻԸɱԼӷͻᱻȭߡ
ǳǲʱʱӣе͵һ㣬ĵִ
һɹȫ˲пİԴѡ͵ԡ
ѧԺԴȻŲʣʵС
Ҷ⼸죬Ҷ诵һڰ˻ĳˣ׷֯һȥ׬ȡ֡
жǳĽһǳͷ
εʱ򣬾ûôˣǱֱֺӱ
ֻٻطǰ·ǣΡ
ͷۣһȭߣȺȫʿĸ֣Ƕ֡
Ҷ诵˸Ͻȥæκ˫ʵ̫Ҷ诸ڻǵʱ򣬱͵Ϯһƣ˵ء
Ҷ诼Ƽ䲻ҶϿҶ
Ҷɫ࣬Ҷһֱһ֪ĽһչҶʮְ
˵ˣ׵ݣҶʱŭ죬ߵҶ˸ս
Ҷٶ̫һ·񱼣һ·̣ɱȥ
ʱ䣬ҶѧԺΧƽʱֻһħ޳û
ּһյϣ˻ĳǵڵӣǱķڵϣֻҶ诳֧ڵϣǿվ
Ͷ˶ʱҶ㷢΢΢ЩңûаѪɫϧ
û뵽Ư椻ǸСһƣܳŵڣѵãôҪҪǰ֤㲻۸һЦ
Ǻ˲𣿡ǱҵܵŪһƬһȺֻ۸СĻ쵰ҶЩϢ
쵰ȻҾͳȫ㣬ѧԺΧֻҪҪѧԺҲ׷ģ
ǸЦѧҿֲ̫ܳ׼һʲô˽λҪൣ
쵰诽㲻Ҫǣߣסǡһҡҡλεվ
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˻ĳǵĵӽȥ˼ˣȤֵǶ֡˵ŴЦŶҶ诱ȥ߼ҲǸų

һ졣
ͷʿߣͷһϾǾħɱˣΣĸ֪æŲһ٣ˡ
ۣ
һѺǹ׹أĲ棬ֻСǹβ΢΢
ߴһæסΣͷ֮˸Ǿĺ䤱
ղһʱȻѱһǹ̴е
úݣҪתͷȥӰ
ǰһλɫۣݿݵֻ꣬ʱϣһƬ䡣
̤볡صһ̣һɱɱڼͷ׹ѡ
ҶҶ课ϲؽе˵꣬͸оһתˤ
ȻһҶ请ԼһůĻǼյϢָооܰܰȫ
ҶﱧסóһöԲԲĵҩһ֣һĴ
Ҷڵ¥һĸ߼˵ٻһţҶҲǺŻš
ҩ͵Ҷ诵ĴߣοˣܿͻˣԲˣ
ǽ㲻ãʲôҪ㣬ҩһܹɣŰɣһȥûˣûҪô˷ѵġҶҡҡͷ
ҶԽô˵ҶԽΣԼڱĹȷʵ̫ˡ
ֱӽҩҶ诵ӣڣܾ
ҶֱӰôĵҩԼгҸ͸ж˫˵æתͷȥ
ҩ븹䣬Ҷ课͸оͨ࣬ҩȻЧ
ķҶãͬʱһЩҩַˣֻҪϲ٣ֻǶʮһŵġ
ҶĻҶһ˿ʧ䣬Ѹٵıڲ
Ҷ˵ҩַ˵ʱʦմлָ̰
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ͷ֮һתСӣǵ͵ԣûǵҲԼֿҲΪǣϵĵҩٽǧֵķˣ
ȻǿͷˣﻹŮԣһ˴ɲҪǰ
ԭΪ˻ĳ겻ߣǻŵɪɪ
ʧˣȻŭˣ˶һ׳յһ仰Ҳ˵
ҶﰲٺˣתΣż˹ȥһ˼һ䱸ĿҶ
Ȼ֪ҶֻһߣԸоҶǵѹǳ
Ҷֽǹץ΢һ´ѿǹγֻǹͷϲһ˲ܺϱĴʯ
ʯߵ·֪ǳأҲҪǧҶﵥֳǹץĵطǹβˣȫʯ˾˵
Ҷһüͷһ˦

ʯ˦ɡ
䣡
һŴУʱľмɽ򴩣ȻʿæǱӱܡ
ҶĿż˵Ǹұ㣬ڴۣһȡǼסҽҶүʱ򣬼ǵҵ֣
ʲô̫ſˣһСС߾ô˲𣬼ȻǾͳȫ㡱ͷߴŭһҶȺս
޳ܣ
쵰Ҷ㣡
ҩĵѾָһս׷վ𣬾Ҫսš
ãǿžˣֻһȺѡҶڰֵ
޳ܡ㡱˵ŻжһѳҶﵱͷն䡣


59 ɱŨ
ӭĳҶӶǹӳֱӵֵߵĺ
ǹʱֳһ糤һǿˣҶﻹ߾룬ǹѾֵߺ
ÿٶȣֵ´󺧣ȫû뵽Ҷһ㶼Ϭ
æŤܹǹ
ҶǹߣܹһԴ̹ذףתǹˣǰһɨ
ֵ߶ʱñͬɽУ絾һ㣬˳ȥоͬɢһ㡣
ֽ̧һ֣Ҷû˿ͣ˫ǹҳ
飡
ȫֵȻ飬غ«Ѫ磬ϣǱƬ˺ۡ
ʹذ׵ʿողʹһУͷֻʣԼһˣûе־ʱ
һȭͷǰϵı󣬽žԴһٻǰԼǹѵȻ˺ڰ֮С
˻ĳǵҲǾȻ֪Ҷǿ󣬵Ǿ벻ǿ
ߵΪʿȻͬвһ㡣
ʿȻһʱ䶼ûܼסʵ˸е𺳡
ҶߵֵǰҲǼеͷ죬ΪҲߵģﵽʿ졣
Ѿʧȥ˸ղŵţۿ־ĿҶ
ûʲôҪģûеĻҾ·ˡҶĻô䡣
㲻ɱңɱͻᱻѧԺģΪɱңԼǰֵ̲ðֵ߿־ˣΪоҶﲻŻɱ
Ҷҡҡͷ۸ңңأ诱㣬ҵۣ˭ҲȲ㣡
ҶҶ请ĵһૣû뵽ԼҶôصλã䡣

ǹһǹǹųֵߵüģỬ䣬űǼ⡢°ֱӵĿͣ¡
ڳֵ۾Уņ̀𣬾Ҫ´䡣
šһϺȡ
һγǰ죬ֻ۾һͳˡ
һʮİˣҶһ۾Ϳ˾ǵ֮ʱֵˡ
ĳҶһ㲻֣Ϊʶܣͷ˴˵Ĵڡ
Ƿǳȴ˵ΪʶһֱŰˣֵһɲǣҶȻûв׽ж켣
Ҷ϶˱ȻսǿߣұȻսеٮٮߣսѧԺǲԻ
Ҷûֵ˼ɱǸ߼ӳ֣ʱ˾еִ´˾ҶɱңԺ棬
ǰҡҡͷ֪պαصأҶûдԺ棬ҪҲҪȵɱԺ󣬲Ժ洦ã
ֵ߶ʱĬһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
Ҷһ仰ŹɣΪ˱ѧԺǳĲֵáӿĵĵ
һʼϷֱڲųҰ˻ĳǵӱ۸ʱ㲻֣Ҫֳֹʲô˼Ҷﵭĵ
ˣҽһ£ҽаѧԺִ³ǵְǼලѧԱǲôԺ棬ǲֹѧԱΪ
ȫɱԺ󣬽Ժ˴ܴʵڲԸ⣬űѧԺΪԺ棬ԺˣҲ㡱һϧĵ
ҶҲһݣû뵽ѧԺĹôϣŴЦ۸Ҷ诵ĳոȴɱ˲ͻƼޡ
ԥгǹ´䡣
̾Ϣһ۾
Ҫ
һЪ˹
һνıסҶֹҶ֡
ҶۣŭɱҪѧԺԺ۸ô죬˭ңɵӣ
Ҷһ߿һȭͷôҶıҶʱѹֽеĳǹһ塣
Ҳ֪ҶǲǹģǹֱӴֵߵƣڵϡ
˿ϵİĽҶϵ۲ԲţǼ⣬һʱתԺľǡұ֤϶ҾǣţҾϼ
ڡҲû˵ʽʱЦ˳滨ݣ㵹΢ЦҶͷ
Ҷ诼ҶĿԼϲɬϾŮӣæܻȺС
ҶڷɱҲһЦϲҶ
лִ³ĹػҶʢ֮¡ҶܸоƷǳѧԺĲʶſͿġ
˵˵˾ӦлŶԣ֪Ҷôһָϰĳֵߡ
Ŷ㲻˵Ҷˣ̫ʧˡ˵Żߵǰ
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Сġ
ǲ˼ˣҰʹ
һҽС
˶ӰˣҲлˣһһЩ⣬ϣʵش𣡡
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ҶĻ΢΢һ飬æҶæɣһйһˣ
ҶæлˣСܶھл
˰ԺҶ۾ɨһµϵʱ˸սæʲôʣСһ֪޲޲
ʱҶ֪ԼҪ֪Ķԭ˶ǣǲͨ˽ģһЩԷ
ѾˣԷҪȿѧģʱԽֻǷǳģҲЩҵ
Ϊʸһ㣬㱻ϱָձѣձҲǲϽɵģԼֻ¼ٵһ֡
ܷ֯ǳϽ󲿷룬ǱѧԱʹã£ǵʵԽԽǿ
Ҷﻹ˽⵽ͷĿΪĽ췲սʦڶĿֲš
Ҷ֪ѧԺаһΪսʿֻʿ߲ʸϰǿսá
սܲпᣬһҪó⣬еĻҲһԷ
ȻпᣬȾ޴ջԣǶ£ʮһٵˣÿ¿ȡһǧ֡
ʮʮÿǧ֡
ʮһʮǧ֡
ǰʮĽͲǻˣõһլ̻˾󣬶ҵȼܸߣ˵һ൱Ч
һҪٻ֣ǿһͼѧԱнˮ
˵ÿϱߵƱã
Ҷﲢܹ˽һѧԺķֲһЩ
صѧԺʱҶﲻ˵ľÿ˷һǧ֣ȥ졣
Ҷ﷢ַַʱԼҵӣڶڡ
˲֪Լһڣйȥˣزᱻ۸ġ
ҶЩҲûм׷ʣź֮
ص䣬ʰһ¶뿪ѧԺɽ֮ȥ
ͻƵʱˡ


60 һ
ҶѧԺһ·ʱ㷢һͷ׷ħޣֱʹūӡΪǰ
ħޱϣҶ￴·ɽӰˣɵøлаʣı̫ʵˡ
ҶһֱûиҶħʩչūӡΪʩչ֮ʱƶҪȫת֮һƲɹħ޿ǾΣˡ
Ҷǿħ޵вСöࡣ
뵽аʣ뵽ĽӺףǱȻˡ
ΪȻаʼǺĻޣҪıϣȻӡǡ
ҶóȻʹãȻᱻӦ޾׷ɱֻܽȻӡպʹá
ȻȻûпаʵļ壬ǴüͷпԿǳɵġ
ԺҶֹͣ˷У·ԼѾɳǧӦԶѧԺˡ
Ҷһ·ʼշųʶȷ˸٣һɽԣͷ˷ħޡ
һɾɽãȥ˼ֻвֵɽ
ȻħޣȻܴ󣬸ͨһС
Ҷｫǿƶǣϴɾѻһֻڻտʣµȫһϡ
ʱһֻѾ͹磬˱ǣҲѾˡ
Ҷֱ˺һֻȣڿдųžͷֶڳһֻɫСĿ
Ż⣬Ҷ﷢ֻСֻаƴСë׵ķǳĿɰ
ֻһֻ󣬵ȴһֻС꣬βͱȴ̫࣬ſ
ʱСĿҶȷ˵ǿеȣһεģ
ӺСЩң߿᲻ãһ޾ı顣
Ҷ￴Źһ֡ҲǸСԻأһ㣡
ֱֽһһ̷ŵϣָһָʾԡ
Сһﲻ̫ҶĶζǰջѵСǰŲӱߵʱ򣬼ҶûзӦڿϺ޺ҧһ⣬ҲƵӿ
еʳ֮󣬲ֹҧһڣֱεʱ򣬲ߣĴ󵨵ӱϴá
ҶЦЦҲû⣬ڽָóһٹ𣬸պһڣַСһ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ
Ҷһ֡δȾƿɲǺΪŶһСӣһ
С꣬ŸԼӲľƱţһ¾գһСͣڱ㽫Ʊľȫȹ⡣
û뵽СһôܺȣϾͷֲԾˣСŲѾʼȣ룬ҧһ⣬ûҧܻ͵ǰһ
ֱֻӱŻѶȥҶϽֽС
ôɰСһҪѣٳëȫҪսˡ
ҡҡͷǲƷͲôˡϸСʱ򣬷СһѾ˯ˡ
ҶСİŽԼһëɱӸϣߣ˯ʱһѹƬ
ٺСһҶ߳еʳȫɵҶƵǣΪܴȡԽԽˣѾԵ
ϨڶһЩħ޼Ϊᣬɢζҩ󣬲ŻصϢ
ڶһҶ۾ʱߵСѾˣҶҲû⣬жսָ̧߳Ѩ
ճڣͼһɫӰֱԼļϣǵͷԼա
ôͻˣҶЦСһͷһҪȥһɲҪҰ
Ҷɭת˰磬ѡһĿꡪһ󢡣
ҶڲؾѾһЩħͼǵҲһµ˽⡣
ٴȷϣΧȷʵûǿħ޵Ĵ֮Ҷ¶һ¡
Լսħ޾鷳ˣĿĵܣֻħޣԼأòСġ
СһȫλãʾҪҶȻСһﲻ̫Ҷ˼ǹɵſϲ
һƬʯѣԲݲʯУһ󶴣ǰһֻʮɵɹ̫
ڻͺֻ˾޴ҶﲻЩ
ͷһɢϢﵽڣƤ񣬷ǿ
Ҳɼ˶ΣӰٶȣҶǿһ㣬Ÿս
Ҷһһ߷ΧڣһһţҶＱ
һڻ𳵼۶һ󢣬Ҷﲻҵת˲伤ǹϵķġ
һгǹǰȥ
ˣ
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䣬ɳ
ҶʱȫѪӿûһһβʹźХ֮ɨ
Ҷæǹֵ
飡
ҶﱻԶæѹͷѪͷ󺧡
ͷһȿʱľԳǿ̫ˣͷһ󢣬һβ;ܰΡ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣһΪħޣȴʳеĶڣħ֮ме֡
ҶҲ׷ˣʼһӲƴ
һӴעת಻飬Ҷҵ㣬ʼͣķ
ʯǰһһޣչһս
ʱȥһ˸տʼΣ֮ҲûһιҶӵĿŭ
һŭ𣬴һţҶһϢϢûΧĿѾΧŤ
ҶæԱһ˿첲ϵ·˲䱻ճɻҽ
첲ϱߣҲճѪݣ۵Ҷ졣
ԭҲϲտϽת󰵽޸ֱϵƣѾָ
ҶСĽƵǲҪ󰵽Իָ
һ絽ͷϣɾҪϱͺưƻصѧԺҪЦˡ
¹ϢѾǰ
һƽʱϵƬڣ˵ڵıԴ֮ײϢ
ʵǰƼ˲Σ˿̵Ѿ޷µˡ
սֳһһϢ˥㷢һ͹
ȻһǱˣҲƵķ֣ħ޵ķʵ̫ˣԼѸ˺
뵽Ҷͷһֱ˳սһʯ֮ϡ
гǹһʰ쵵ĹҶС
Ҷﻺȡһִ֧ļϣһ˲乭¡
֮Ƽװɣ


61 
Ҷｫתɽ֮ʱ˽ɫҶһöĳ֡
ֻгСʵҶֺܵĿռ˿˿ɫӰ֮ۡ
ֻЩǳϸ΢ҶܲҶõĲԪ
ҲǵһεԪȻͬе·ߺͷʽһ޶
ڵԪʱҶԸоЩʹһɲɵĸо
Ҷ֪ԼʱԳԪŻֲʵĸоⲻǺأ˼롣
оڵԪһעӰ֮һɡ
ಣ
ʸ뿪Ҿ͵һţûô£ͷһʹ
ʸƼ׹ᴩ磬һѪ꣬һ°ʹͷ­һڴѪ

һһҽУͣķ֫ҰڣβͿ˦ܵʯɣڵһܼ䡣
Ҷһ֣æʯæԶȥֱܳԶһۿ
ܵ˺Ȼ˽һʱͣϢʬΧһƬǽ壬ԶĴʯҵһƬ
Ҷﰵ࣬ħ޵ǿҪӰԼҲκβͷħޡ
ȻҶӯƳһͬǿࡣ
ħ޵츳Ǳǿͬ׶սһ㶼ӣϣɱ֮
ƽʱܹͬȼħޣѾˣҶԽ׻ɱħޣǺš
ħ޵ԺսһʵķԾǿȻõһܡ
һһϢļܣһ߱絽ҲҪˡ
»ὫƤͼⶼ죬ֻҶǿᣬżĿԣҲݡ
һƤëħޣ¶˵һطΧڣҲûħ޳û
ֵһᣬһʼղȷѾˣҶﳤһԶС˸к
СһǳɣҶĻҶк˲仯һ׹⣬Ҷļϡ
Ҷһʬǰֱʵĸ˹Լֶ޷°͡
ŸղһԪĻܶƿķҲɱ
ҶóһвɵҰӣӸС꣬ԼҸط档
Ҷϥڵأ£˫ǰӡҶĶһӰʬϸ֡
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Ҷûᣬת¾üĲһǿӰû˿Ҷ˹
üĺҶתӰ֮УӰ󣬺Ȼը
һҩӣһǿҵƱѵĻ棬ɢ
ԭԼסͻȻ̵ͬĺˮ޾ܿӿȥ
һʱҶϲķ֣Լ֮ǰʮ
ԭԼ󣬾ͻʿҲ̫ıˣû뵽¾ôľϲ
ԴӽѧԺԺҶԽԽ˽ˣƽʱ߽ʿ֮ʱ۷ʱţ屶˵һЩﵽ
ĴСֱӰ쵽ߵս󴢴Խܹ࣬ʹսԽࡣ
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һЩ߼սǳ󻧣öòɴ˿ɼҪԡ
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ˣҲûãֻһһˡ
ҶﾪϲĻֻһ㣬Ҷﻹ֣ԼڣھڤݾŰٽ׶ͻʱȭͷСԪѾ˳һš
ҶﲻɵĻŭţղɱһʱ͸оӰǳ졣
·Լ仯ԼʱڵԪȫ룬붼˷ܣһɱС
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ħ޾˾ԵˣΪħѾ˼ܣǵľ˶˷ḻԪء
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𣬿һһʬ壬ҶЩѣôʬ壬ҪսָԺͱװˡ
ҶһξԼĿռָЩˣӦûһĲС
Ҫˣ᲻ãһƤ;Ǵ׵ϧϡ
Լ޷ƿķǿѧԺȻԻȡٲ֡
ϵĹߣȥֽްԣʱҲδɡ
ͲһڿˣǰһתһȦһˮ״ϸǰȣóذ׶żƬķ϶˼¡
꣡
ذ׶Ϊء
ӵóǹǹ⵱ذãæ˴ʱŰһһɳǰж۵ͷ󺹡
ܽɭŪһѸɲʯм䣬˸޴Ļѡ
ǰȷʯտְĻûԱ߼һ¡
СһԻȸԾµıͣտеĴȣ˷ܵĲˡ
٣Сĵ̼󢣬ǵ԰ҶЦŵ
ʱƣζԽԽŨƮɢ
ҶͲȺõˣԲûǿħޣµħҲֻǼӲͶѣΪ塣
Ҷһ¿ˮζȷʵ̫ˣСǿˮֱҪҶţƾҪֱȥˡ
һʱڰȫ֣ҶóһСƤ¶۵⡣
Ҷ±һƬУ۶֭ڼŨŨζǻ
СʱʵҶץסҶһͷʹĻζҶղŵΪȲ
ֻ֣ǳζϾͺˡҶϽͳһ̣һȭͷС⣬гɱƬݸС꣬Сһͣ
ԽӺһϤγɣ֫ٺҶʱΪ˷ܡ
̫ˣΥֻˣ


62 벻
ϲķֺҶֱӽһǰȣڵϣһֵһӣ˫־Ҳûͣٹ
ֱʱҶὫеĲ;ڵϣôվſʯͷϡ
£ΪоֻҪһҪ
ʱſټǰѾֻʣһˣֹ׺ûôӣǳɱ
Ҷֱվ˹ʼڵʳѸٱֽ⣬ϵͷųϵǿҶ塣
ʿҶڵľӦĸо
ڽڣɢԼͣԼļ͹ȷÿһϸŹȫǿȡ
ȵȫҶо޲һ󢸴Լٴսһ
ʣµİǰպãֱӰֻʣȵһ󢣬ҲռָıԲܶ
һҶ֪ԺԼǿ壬ͱԸߵȽħ޲С
СҲԱˣкСһ뿪ͻȻоȣСиͬһŻһ㡣
ҶһæչӣԼȫ˿ûжļ󣬲ʮֲ⡣
ȻȵĸоǺǿңҲûʲôӰ죬Ҷܾﲻ̤ʵҲûʲôЧذ취ֻ֮
кһСһ뿪Ƭʯѣиȥ
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۵ýڸ߿ϲͣķҶ˵
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ɺ޵ͷëǳǳ𣬶Ѿ׷һǧˣûз˼
ҶۺƳȻҲҪˣ˵ǣһ·ûǿħޡ
ֱڶҶһ޴ĶѨ󣬱۵ڶһ󣬲Ųʵ뿪
һһƨڵϣڵĴһҹ񱼣ۻˡ
СĵĴҶﻳҶļСצİҶɢҵͷ
ҶǱͷɢ˵·ҲʯεѣһģǺƮݡ
ϢһҶ»һ·˹ָ
һҹʱĻҪӦĽħ޵ĹۻҲѾݽߡ
սҶᵽԼĶ̰壬ս̫ˣǿս٣λȥһҪѧһЩУֻҪ֣С
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۾ЩǵСЦһ£ḧһСһԴ
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Ҷﱾͷ۵ˮһսΪҰյϣҶһûС
۵ܵƣҶкܴտԽնɱΪ۵Ĺǿ󣬵Ƿʮޡ
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ȥʮҶͿһЩݹǣеѾ࣬еȴǸµӡ
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ǹӳǸġʯ̴һɺɫҺӡʯ
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ʯ˦ڵϣһŷһֻʯһ֩롣
ڽ붴ѨʱҶ͸оԣһֱſʶûŵ
ֻǸɱһֻ֩룬ڵٿʯͬʱҶＱ˹
ҶһȻʶԹ۲죬ȴȸӦ޷ʶЩαװµ֩롣
Ҷ͵һţεȺ֩Χ֮ǰӳȥ
ֻҶ̫󣬻Ȼ֪ΣյС꣬һûץסҶ
Ӧʱ򣬷Χ֩룬ʱŵɪɪ۾Ѿ˳ȥҶǿ־塣
ˡҶﰵһո˳ΧٻȥȻԼ֮С
Ҷ￴Сһﾪ飬Ҷһҧӽָͳһƶƣֱֳ˽ȥ
ֱ˵Сǰһѽ뻳Уһƻӳžȥֻ֩׷ױ飬ȳҺĽ
һ˿϶Ҷﲻҵ׼ᣬ⴩
Ȼһ׹⣬ӶڷɳٽҶʱͻȻһŴҶﵱͷ
ҶڿУ޷ãгǹʯһ㣬ǿиı䷽
һǹֱ۱Եס
۵
Ҷֱ۶ʱһ飬ǹסڵϡ
ҶһݣǿĶԣ󰵽תֱ˲ͭɫ֮Լ
ǿ⼲ͬʱָһ
飡
һӴ󣬳ɹ赲˺ߵ֩ȺҶûӳڣС
֩ǣû׷ڣҶ԰ġ
ִӽָУóһöܶУû뵽ѧԺȻڣǶ൱ġ
䣬Լ࣬ò˶һͿ԰Ѷȫˡ
ҶﻹǵһôȻֻǶ̶̼Ľ棬Σճ̶ԶԶĽħޱ۵׷ɱ
СҶﻳ·һ˵СһԼͷҶ°ϲȥһֺõӡ
ҶǸСһҲã㺦㶪Ժ󲻻
Ҷƽһ飬ϸһ¸ղŵ龰ŬҼ䣬ƺûҵħ޵ͼħͼ϶ֺܶ౾ԼѧĻ̫ˡ
Դ磬ҶﻹûԹôĿûʲôͲˣǳջ
ҶתһȦŪɲһЩ֦ҶһҶڡ
ҶɽĶ࣬Ƚһʬͷܡ
ҶӰӰ´µĿ˼ֻ֩Ӱǲû׷ҶԽĿ϶Լ뷨ħ¹⡣
ƶҶ࣬һʬԱߺ󣬰Լʰȡĸɲװָ
Ȼиɲѵſڣװ˺üθɲÿηһѣҶﶼᱧһγԼʮҵɣɲʹơ
˷ΣҶƸɲѾ쵽ʮɵľ룬뿪
վԶҶȡӰŶת֮һ֧Żļʸ˸ɲѣ˶ڡ
ټױҶ֩뾫


63 
ڵĸɲ񱻵ȼ˲Ũ̹Ѩ
ʱҶͬһڱһˬ
ղǾһӦ죬С󰵽壬ضҪˡ
붼ñһͷë׷ɱһҹ˺üǧòŪ˱۵񣬽˸գˡ
ɺ޵ǣڶûǸ֩볤ɶ
ֻ֩ͷĿһǻۣȻðʱħǻۿɲףȻ˲¡
ȼգֲĸ£öߵĿŤţȻ޶
Ҷһ㶼żΪҶڷɲʱͬʱҲʵľģľȼܻһɢỤ̃ѬҪЧ
ȻһʱѾ֩½ʼˡ
ֻ¶ȼߣպ޷㣬֩׷׵˻ѻ
ҶûȥǣԼҲһѻ𣬽ʣµİֻһȣó¼һ¡
СҸɾĵطһ߳ţһ߹ŶڵĶ
ҶԱѾȥʱҲû֩Ʋˣˡ
Ҷߵڣ̳ѾɢʯѾյĽһƬ
һѻҽ֩ʬ壬˿ͷƤ顣
Ҷվڶڿһᣬһۣǻһ˿Ц
ͳӰ乭
ͣ
һ
ۣ
ʸֱӹһ顰ʯ
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Ҷ붴ڣȽ֮ǰĺǹȻߵʯǰϸ۲һ¡
ֻ֩Բô󣬺ϳʯɫ⣬·
Сͷϣһ֧ʸҶ־ֹĿ껹׼ġ
Ҷｫ֩ͷ­˿һŵɫľӳҶϱߵĿϢȻһĻҪǿࡣ
֩ϵ·Ҷͷ֩һͷĽħޣ൱սǿߡ
ͷĽ֩룬սǿһС֩벶ԣǲ塣
һħޣӳȥϣҲǷǳã
һЩߣۼޣ߼ѵֿ֣Ҷֱֻճôһ˿ֱԵĲʹ
ҪǱסٱֻС֩ע䶾ҺҶ붼һ¡
ȻˮԵģԡҶЩȣ룬֩뿿˿ԣҲ⡣
ǰʮɣѾ˾ͷ
ͷֱߣһССĳӣҺ壬Ȼһֲ
ֻߣͨڣϱ߳һЩɫĹʵ
ʵ󣬴СֻԲ£ɢŨŨĶȴȻβסӵ㡣
Ҷͷ
ϳЩʵǴ˵еı̫ˣмءڰٴۻ࣬ʵۣɫ࣬ʳפ
ҲΪչȻһеĳƺפչ
Ҳʳú󱣳ഺפ䣬Ů
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ħ޲̣ʮа˾ԭеģ֩סһնԡ
Լߵ˹ǰŷ֩оҲӲȥ
ڽָͳһƿóһ˫ʯɵĿӣⶼǰɹģû뵽ó
ֱִήȫʧ
ҶСĽһööӣļнƿУСķãָڡ
ҶҡҡͷԼû취ߣҲ
ֶ޷ֲΪûӵġ
䱩ԵˣҲֻ˻ùʵ
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𳤽ҶĿɨõָȻǻһöָ
Ҷſݹһȭǣ֩ѾɱˣҲǸ㱨˳ˡ
Ѿع鼫֣Щ֮ҲòˣСܾͰŰɣ
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ָĿռǧɣԺ󲻹ҲõĿռ䲻ˡ
ҿռڣƿƿ޹޵ģװ൤ҩҺÿռָʱǾֹģֹһ˵ȫԷʹá
ʮɢһԣҶϸһ£ʧûһ
ҲϺʮ󣬲һʲô˶ӵô࣬Ҳÿ˶˷硣
ֻ˵ҲǳƶûдṩԴֻĴðѰԵ
нĴ˵ĳĳ˵õʲôһɳ֮Ĺ£ðĴѰ
ֻٲֵ˶ŻҪôһãҪôŵλһһ֪ĵطһѰ׹ǡ
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ǰҶﲻп˸̽գҲսǿߡ
Уһսǿߣһ͵ĻԻᱻһ̺
ÿʳ檳Ⱥ֪ôĿαܵðա
Ҷ̾˿ԼֺγˣԼЦˣʮЦٲ
ԼҲƴʵԼֻ΢һѡ
תȥ֪ΪʲôЩأǲԼһҲΪһѰ׹ǣ֪м˻ǣԼأ
߳ڣҶʱоЩԣڻ磬ôͺˡ
̧ͷһʱŵȲ


64 Сһ
ҶǰһӴӰס⣬Ҷһ۾ͿֻͬӴС۾Լ
Ҷ䣬һ˲ˣոԼͬ˼ǻɽû뵽ôֵԼˡ
Ȼ֪ǰħǼףǴһٶɵߣɢ纣ϢԼȫûκĿܡ
СʱҶﻳ˳ǰͬɽһħޣȴû˿£ҶļͷɻĿǰ
Ҷﰵп࣬һСһͷҪӢˣСһӰɣӦÿģ
ĽСڵϣʾϿܣֻСһﲻҶ˼һĿš
ܲôˣҶһΪԼ׳׳
ɣʹʲô˲Ҽ˿£еͷƤըҶﳤǹһڣ˵Ѿˡ
ҶȥˣȥҲˣֲû
ҶЩǣħ˿ûй˼ֻǾôҶ
ҶﱻĻڣľ󾢣ǹһ٣İ۾󣬺ݺݵĶűԼ˻Ϻܶͫס
ŶţҶ;ôЩϤֻô䣬ԼҲʶǿħް
࣬ûж⣬㲻ú£
Ҷħ޾Ȼԣŵ˺˺üûһƨڵϡ
㡭Ȼ˵ҶЩͰ͵ĵ
ѾȫҶ֪Ͳ󺰡֡ˡ
ħһҶʱǰһһ˳Լǰ
Ҷʱ󾪣֣
֣΢΢һЦЦԵôӺݻѵû˵ħ޵׿Կԣ߽׿ԻΪ𣿡
Ҷʱһ㶣ԼǸȻ֪ЩˣҿħͼҲһЩµģǲȫ֡
ҶεĿһµСƽʱѧ治֪ЩԺҪúѧϰˣ
һСҶʱһ֪ǰʲô𣿡
Ϊ˸лӵġǻ˿Ҷ
лңҶЩɻ
ǵģǸлӡ˶ҶߵСһ֣СʱһͶ˻˵ĻС
Ҷ￴һĻʱȻ򣬹ֲþû˵ıôôأǾСһķŴ氡
˶Ҷ΢΢һµлЩСŮչˣлܹСŮСһݣ
ҵҶԼһݣϽ
ӲؾḧСͷǴȰĹԡСŮҵĶˣҽкκԺͽҺ̰ɣ
ôһǿߵݣҶдϲǴɽæ̺ã
ֻǲ֪ʲôְҶָСһ
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СѪ棬ԭһ˵ϣϧ쿪һЦ޷Ԫֻмѡκ˵Ѿա
ֻСһӣ°ͣȫ֪Ϊʲôޡ
ѵûа취𣿲ͨ𣿡ҶЩĵʵôɰСһȻ˲֢֮ܲζ
ûõģûнޱȣô΢ĿƣҲȫ٣˵κҲ̲ס
Ҳûһ˿߽ħ޵ǿᣬȫһ޲ߵĸףԵô
źκҶԼĸףȻδ棬֪ҶĸһǰĺκһԼ֪Ҷ۾Ҳʪˡ
κİúӣҪˣ⼸һֱǣСǳãΪİΣˣ⼸Сĵӣ
ҰС½и㣬µϣܿĵĶȹ£ϣܰԸ˵ὫСҶǰ
ҶֽӹСһǳأĸСһͷһʱ˵
Բԭô˽ΪһĸûԼĺʧκʵ
ףһչ˺СһģİɡҶ֣صĵ˵ͷ
С죬һģԺˡκ˵껰һСͷ¶һתʧ֮С
СһǰʧЩãȻһṦҶļˣ
Ҷʰһ黳ô飬Ҷ־ᶨҲЩƣ
򿪵ͼϸĿһᣬҶ﷢ԼѾ뿪ѧԺǧҲ˵Ҷﱻͷ۵񣬰һҹĹ׷ǧ
ͷëҶͺ޵Ҫģëιⲻꡣ
ɫֱܵѨڣȡ񣬽̺ãȸСһһС˯һЩ
СһҶһЩȫʩ˳Ǹ֩ʬҲս˽ָ
ѾµĿռָҲõĿռ䲻ˡ
һк󣬻صСһѾ˯ˣҶû˯
ոͻƣϢȶ޷Ϣױħ޲
Ҳǵ۵׷ֵԭڣкΣգҹߵƣ벻ֶѡ
Ҷϥת¾ʼȶԼϢ
УҶﾪϲķ֣ȻͻʿѾȸսߵʱ
¾ȻôٶȻô졣
·ˣ¾ĹҲűˣһϵʱȥˣҶϢѾȫȶһ˲С
ҶԽԽɻ󣬡¾ʲôƷ׵Ĺؽ׸߼Ǵ˵еף
ѶϽʲôôڶһû͸¶ҶԽɻ
Ҷһʶ֮ϽȻҶ˰죬Ҳûյ
ǰʱ򣬶Ͻһξ͸¾
ͻߵʱ򣬴䡷ֻͻƣϽʲôʾҲûС
˰죬ϽҲû˿ӦҶ˳ʶ
ѾСһڶϵʯͷȥ
Ҷ￴Сһ°ѹСȻ֪Լֻвµˡ
ҶʰöкһС꣬ѧԺķȥ
һ·ҶСĽûٽսǿħֱƵߣ뾡ϻѧԺ
һĪԤУѧԺҲҵСķ
صѧԺ̷ֹھĵ伮Ӧû鵽һЩоôȥ
˵ڶ磬Ҷ˵һͷ׷ħޣץΪһ·жȥ
ͻʿ֮Ϊߣūӡ֮ҲԽļ죬ҲҪǰСˡ
һ·Уûгκ⣬ٽʱһıҶע⡣
ʹԴȥɵһƬɽȵʱֻħչһ
ҶﶨһɵĻŭţȻҪġ
Ŀھͷħ޻һǧҵľ룬Ҷĵ£Σһ·ǱС
ھֻɵʱСӰǻһ˿Ц
ʱˣ


65 ʷȸ
֮УֻħչһһֻĽ׵ı۵׷һֻɫ쵵
ֻɫαȱ۵С˲٣ϵϢֻףԶĽħޱ۵Ķ֡
ֻֻףǳ񿥣Ѿץıˣǿ
۵Ҳ˼˺ۣȶ֣Ҫࡣ
ħ޵壬ܹĽħϼôʱ䣬ˣҶﲻһ
ϸһֻħޣֻëɫʰ쵣Ҷһ£ͷƽɫëɫ
ѵʷȸҶһû뵽ôһֻϡħޡ
ʷȸɴﵽףͣս뺷ѹĽħޣɿ͹Ϳɿóһ㡣
ͷʷȸԻһֻ񣬷ֻɱ۵ķݡ
ֻǲ֪ô۵ϣֻħצë׷ɣǳĲҡ
ʷȸϾǶ֣һһնˣѪɳڵϡ
۵ץסѵõĻᣬʷȸһԣʷȸϷһ˫צźʷȸĲץ䡣
ڡҶкһҲһֱŻļʸɳ
ۣ
Ҷƺ˱۵㣬պצʷȸĲӰߵʱһ
ܣʸ˳ű۵߲룬һѪһߴ
۵һĳһˤȥ˼£ʼûվ
Ҷﻺߵ۵ǰЦصôҪģ㵱׷ɱǧ뵽죿
۵ǰҶƺʲôʵ̫أҶһֱӽᴩǿҲˣ鴤˼£Ͳٶˡ
ֽ۵ʬߵʷȸԱߡ
ʷȸҶɱ˱۵Լʱë
Ҷûʷȸƣ˫ֽӡһŹ·Ҷüġ
ūӡ֮ȥҶһͺȣ·ʱбͬһʷȸȥ
ʷȸס΢һ£ֻ۾Ƭ̾ͱãȻָ
ʱҲûжҶľ裬Ѿ϶Ҷˣѱ䣬ūӡ֮İԵ֮
Ҷﻺͷʷȸǰһƣüͷ
̫ˣ²ڼʮ˿ڣ󲿷ֶѪӿ
ϵǸӣ۵ķв룬ܴ˿ڴ䶯ࡣ
ڵʷȸʹûħϮҲԻ졣
ҶӿռָеĵҩȫóҳʮڷĶӽʷȸ
û취ħ̫ˣӴҩԭָƿƿ޹ҩ
ͳͳһͰڣ˰Ͱˮ裬ֱѾγһͰ
ҶܵһŴƤƤ֮άȡһСָͷϸӡ
šɵӷǳι̣ҶｫӴأȻͿʼĵһ
óǹɴͷ룬˿ߣʷȸϵ˿ڷϣѾɹū۵ʷȸ⵽㷴
ϵ˿ȫϺҶｫҩȵͿĨʷȸ˿ϣֱæͷƫ󹦸ɡ
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ǵһμǱķħޣϷһȦ֪Ҫɷˡ
΢һ£һҧֱóһͰ׹ѾֻʣͰˡ
ٹʷȸȥҶ﷢ʷȸ˿ۿɼٶϡ
һ޻ʱʷȸѾվȻսѾûʲôˡ
Ҷ̤ʷȸϣһ·ѧԺȥ
Ҷ诵ԴӱҶ˻ֺ󣬼һ£ٻֵңΪλԼ۱ߵģҲպ÷ǵĵȼҪ
󣬼˶Ʋסĵ˷ܡ
ȫᵽˣҵĿֲٶȣʱÿ˶һȼ
Ҷ诸ͻﵽ߾ľ硣
ʱרߵĿֲ츳ֳˣǵͻߺٶҪƽ߿̫ࡣ
ݳ޵ӣѾˣǱ취ŪֲС
Ϊɱħ޵ÿÿ¿ɽΣǼֿʼ׬ȡ֡
ϴҶ壬ǰ࣬Ҳ˲٣Ҳ̫ҡ
Ҷ诼˸ոջɱһͷħޣħ޾ȡƾ֤Իȥ֡
׼ʰȥȻһ޴ĺӰסգֲѹü˺
̧ͷһֻһֻжʮɵķ񣬻ѤĲɫëż˳
˶ʱ䣬Ҫܡ
ȴֻʵķͣڵϣһźɫ۵꣬
Ҷ˶һЩԼ۾
ҶЦôλŵˣ
Ҷ诸ոմлָȭҶһ£ֵ㻹ǳ󣬶˻ҪĶ磡
𣿺ƯҶЩŵĿʷȸ
Ѥëβ񿥵ıʷȸŮӵɱ֡
ϲǾ͸ˡҶЦ
ǺϲšʲôңҶ诶ʱһ
ǰ׼ģһܲЭ
ҶȷʵϲȻƯܾһţЩǻĸо
𣿿ǡҲ̫ˣһħްҶЩ֪ĵ
㣬ɲǶħޣǰˣĺܣɾǻʵħŶ
ҶŽһԼշ̣ѱ۵˹ȥֻ˵ʱһϢˡ
Ҷ֪Ҷѱ޼ܣڿ˵ʱͼʶˣѱʦҲѱԼȼߵħޡ
֪Ҷʷȸһл׽ɹѱ׷̾Ҷá
ˣԺұˣұ֮ˣԲû㡱ҶһʷȸЦ
ʷȸʱߵҶǰһҶ诵Ľ棬ʾ
ԭҶĵ٩΢죬Ҳ֪ҶѱҲԼΪġ
뾭ʱĸлԼѾ˴־ս׼
û뵽Ҷֻ˵һ仰ͷѱħ޹ԹԵ
ɵ÷Ĵϲ˵ϲǾƭ˵ģĿ¶ϲãϹӶܿó
˵ƳٵĻܾò˵ʲôԵôαȷʵɷǰʷȸ
㣬ҪúöԴŶǺʷȸֻ񣬵ȳˣԳɳף
찡Ǹսһ𣡡
Ҷ̫ˣҡҶһ


66 
ͲҪƴˣЩôգСܴû͹ʲôأ°ɡҶϿҵĵ
СʱҶȷʵһֱǳչҶֻҶԱأƢǻ쳣
Ҷ诵չ˿һʩᣬһֳʱĶ򣬰Ҷ诸ܡ
ЩҶǳھΣȻԼģܾÿǷࡣ
ǡң
ûʲôǵģˣҶȥɣҴȥĴ˸кڴ˷ܵĿУҶʷȸ
ʷȸһУһչ˲ɳʮ֮⡣
ˣҶóһ̣ݸҶ诵γȥһϿһŹӣӦζ㳢
Ҷ诽ӹ̣һϱԲԲĺɫӣ͵ߣͻȻһЩŵĿöӡ
Ҷн㣬ȻҶĿ֮ɫ졪ա
ȣǰɣ˰ɡҶ
ĴѾ½һŮӣǵĴͷŹͼ
һõľˣõһഺ
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68 
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һмĿҶһԶҶļơ
ŶĹأһ治֪ôΪǸӣ󣿡ҶЦĵ
ϻĵ˸ˣһʿСӶˣʰ㻹СһʶĸϽƤܿࡱ۽š
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ԩˣŮѧ㶼ˣˣһߺߵĵ
׳գ㶮ƨϴĺˣǶˣŮѧһͶϴһģϴΪֻʹܾˣ
Ϸɿļϴѧ㣬ĿеŮˣǻл𣿡
ôһ˵ôһͷ
ԴһµʲôôŮ˭ϲϴ߷ڣƻе룬ʹеʹǶ𣿡
ʱڵѪʲôΪǷ˾Ůǻ˿Σ˵𣿡
˵֪ǲΪݵ̫Ͷ룬˽ɫʱϷѾͨ죬·Ҷһ㡣
Ϸɵĺƣ׷׶ҶǸҶ￴ֱҡͷ
ʱһŭ˶ʹҶ


70 ׿ĳ
һŭһĹͷ󺺳ſڡ
ĸߴ󣬱ȳ߳ͷϵļֱڲϣ˱ըԵ
׿ĳɡʱ˾
ʿڶĸ֣ô
ղź񺰵Ҷ֪Ҷô׿ĳɣҶҪùˣ
Ҷ￴׿ĳɽѾˣﶷһسӵġ
Ҷﻺ߳׿ĳǰԶͺһ˶һͷħһ㡣
Ҷɢƣ˿ڶԷҶﵭصҾҶʲô£
Ҷҵܴܵ˵ģ׿ĳɶҶ
ܵܡ
ˣʲôɣֻҪҵܵܣҾ;ԲŹ㣬㷢ս׿ĳĵ
ңҶһ㶣ϵսǵһ˵аϵͨսġ
ΪսϰˣӮˣռиۡϵһ֡
սʸҪһϵĻѺ˾ͻὫһֹ͡
ǰϵսҪֻҪԷͬ⼴ɡ
Ҷ﷢㶣ΪҶﺦ£׿ĳصԲӦӴǰ˻ĳǵѧԱᱻǺǵų⣬Ժκ񣡡
Ҷʱɫһ䡰вң
Ҿв㣬ǹͬͻǣ㲻ܾɣԿ˵ĵһж˲׿ĳ΢΢Щм
Ҷ˵ͷðɣɹļҵŭҲǱãҶ飡
СӣĻ˵ͷһʿ͸ôţСԼ˶֪ôģ
ðɣҪϻˣʱص㣿Ҷ
ʱų̋׿ĳɵ
û⡱Ҷʼ硣
ãϣϵĹһӲҪʧ׿ĳЦ
ƨ࣬ǸܵһҶĻ֣ϲӬһɣɲзϣ
쵰ҵš˵꣬׿ĳͷҲص뿪
׿ĳˣһȺ˶ʱ˽
׿ĳɾȻҶսûɣ̫۸ˣ
˵׿ĳʿϵڶλռ˰֮ãһֱ˺λã
ǰ׿ĳʿ۷ΪȥѧԺһ꣬Ҷ϶Ƕ֣
ǰҶֻʿڵΪսûʲôˣ
ϷһǵϴôʹӦأʿ۷尡ųʿûΪأô
Ҷע⵽û뵽ϷļһȻʿˡ
޷ˣ˵̨ԶĻְɡҶʵ
ǰôϴģϷе㾪ȡ
ǰֻǲ֪̿ڿû
õ׿ĳȥ̨ǼԺŻǻ˫ʵ죬ʣϴʿ϶ܵ͡Ϸҡͷ
Ϸɣ뷢ƲҶʵ
ϴ˵ѵаӮϷҲɵʱ۾һ
ٷְٲ˵а˳ϵİգôһôҶ￴Ϸɵ
Ȼϴ㶼˵ˣСֻˣǧ־͵ǶˡϷҧ
İɣһ죬㲻Կһȥһ̿ڿʲôʣҡҶԼסլϷɡ
Ϸתȥ̨ѯȥˣҶҲûֱͣӻصסŪЩԵģСһһԶ
Ȼ󵽷ãҶϽӭ˽Է
ǰһһ飬æ˵ԼѾԹˡ
ҶҲǿ裬Ű˵ʼĩ
ԭֽܳԺǣ׿صĵӣȥոͨ˳Ϊִ£ͻȻ׿ĳɵܵԼæ
׿ĳɵĵܵܣƾԼŻһӦܵõһסû뵽ߵҶ塣
ֽܱҲǰæ滻һѲߣñ֪ǵѣû뵽ҶѶԸԲų֡
ֽѾְѧԺҶе˲١
ԭѧԺ֮УԼɹ
֪˭ǸṩҵϢҶʵص㡣
ҲˣһˣͬҲ԰˻ĳǡ˵⿴Ҷһۡ
Ҷ΢΢һµӦһѧԺİɣ˵һΨһİ˻ĳǵӣĿǰĸ
ȷʵǰ˻ĳһֻһˣ¡Ʒһڲ
Ȼˣлл״ˡҶл˼䣬뿪ˡ
ֱ֮ʱϷˣϢ˵׿ĳɸҶս̿Ѿˣһ
Ҳѹһ֣ҪҶӮˣһ־ͱ
ҶϢʱһЦϷɵ֪ׯ˭Ƿɿ
İɣ￪ׯˣȻƷôϵ⣬ǲ˵ġϷɽ͵
ãһЩ֣ȥͶעȫǵһЩɿ˷ͷȥͶעҪöԷҶݸϷһŻֿ
Ϸɽӹֿһ֣ʱһѻֿˡ
ʮһʮһְҵ찡ϷôҲû뵽ҶȻô֣ʿǰʮ˵ļûôְɡ
ϴĶģϷЩɵĵ
Ȼˣ˼Ҹͻ֣ܲҪȥɡҶЦ
ϣϴ׼£ƯƯġϷ˷ܵĵ
ϷǳжʮһֽԼҶȻԼǾΡ
ϷɣҶｫС갲ٺãԼҲʼ״̬
ڶһ磬ϷɾҶͶעѾˣʮŵùļµģû⡣
ʱ仹磬ϷɾϤΪɣҶ̨
ҶǣѾбڽˣӰһ̨ϼս֮ʱ
ٵҶŷһ¶쳡أռذĶĿ̨
ûǸŨüӾʿʮ·սߣһλǵĸ֡Ϸɽܵ
㾭Ҷɻ
ٺҲô˵ҲʮŰҲаϷЩСĵ
ϴ˵˭ӮϷָ̨ϵӰʵ
ǸŨüӡҶ϶ĵ
ɣǸŨüӣѾˣҲѾʼЩңĶֿ簡Ϸɲĵ
ŨüӸպ෴ϣ֡ҶЦ
ϴСܵ˿ΰҶˣͱ̼ˣ˵˵ΪʲôӮϷƵ
㿴Ų鸡ǶǼϢңŲȴʵڵȻѡҶ͵
·֤ҶжϣսһʱΪʱŨüץסᣬһ̨
ϷɶʱŴͣ޺޵˿ڿˮգգװ̫ˣϴգһۿˣ
ҶѵһڲԵļһһȫһ̨ҹ꺮Էⲻƽ


71 ʦ
һ䣬Ӱڶ̨ϡ
ҹ꺮һĮҶﾪȵķ֣ѾʿΪҹϢΪʵԶһʿ
һһֳֳ֮ˣһϢԴﵽʿ졣
û뵽ѧԱôôͣµĻһͿʼʿˣҾȻֱӳǰʮһЩѧԱ׷ۡ
սʿھŵķⲻƽ֪ʲôôţһսôߵİλ
ʲôûҪˣǳսԻϹ봽ۣǽһʰ
ô˵˵
һʵСŮҲһսʿ壬Ȼ˼ʮжû£ͱſˣ
ôͣļٵģ
ȻģǸŮο˵ĵڶΪǴﵽʿ죬Ҿ˵ողʮ꣡
һȺ̨Һģ׷ۣ˹עĶ⣬ΪԤࡣ
ϴ㿴ǸӮϷʵ
֪Ҷҡҡͷ
ô᣿ϴôô᲻֪Ϸɾȵĵ
ϻֶûֲʶǡôжϣֲɡҶûĵ
һ͵ˡϷɲġ
Ҿҹ꺮ʤܸߣܾһֺϢֻ˵һֱҶ΢һµ
ϣϴ仰Ҿͷˣȥѹע˵תҪߡ
ҶЩɻ㲻ǰлֶѹôжע
ٺ٣ѹǧﻹһʮ֣εһҪӮһ¾ͱٶˣСҲⰡ˵žתȥˡ
ҶҡͷСӶԻأȻһֲ
ͻȻȺһɧһȺ˽˹Ҷ̧ͷȥֻһŮʮ˽
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣Ϊϳˣòʵ
һλʱӣʵ߷񣬼пʵ
찡ҿʲô
Ǹʮڻʿʵֵôȡһ˱ӵ
ôǰ׳ûʵ˭𣡡
ţе죬ˣǡ˶ʱ󾪡
ʦһҽѧԺδܹľ˵Ѿһݡ
һȺ˵׷׵ĸóһʵһСǰӵҶǰ
Ҷּһ£ҸľʦһŶԺҪǸ۸ңҸһʵЦĵ
Ǻǣ㳤٣ѾѧٻˡҶʼνĵ
㡭û뵽ԼСȻҵϷԼһֻСȭͷʾȻһҶ
ûʵľһֵֻ˻ĳǣҶ
ľΪھʦΪ˸߰ϲ˽ʹʦǰʮĸ֣ҲΪĮ
飬·ûֹ
ҵſҶʱľĮϾȻһ˿ЦݣָҶһµǣľ
ľľٶʱڳ˴һľ֣ͱʾѾҶﵱͬʸˡ
˶Щ˼飬һЦ绨ʵ·ͻȻʲô׷װҶã׼һ˴˸硣
ľ΢΢һЦ⼸һֱС˵¼һøµķɣ
ϵˣСѾͷ̫أм仰ɵ桱ҶﲻΪĵ
쵰ҶҶ˵ٱˣҲСˡСһŭȵ
òײѹеŭССҪôҪôһˣֱսϵڶеʶ
ҿûСȣûһţ˼۸ˣűƲѴӦĶѡʵµ֪һ̨᲻ءҶһüĵ
˵˵Ź֡СС΢죬
ʱϷѾעˣҶΧһȦˣһʱһʦһĸ֣ôϲ
Ҷ̸Цɲ١
ϷɹҶҽһ£˿ûаϷɵˣϷɶľȻǿͿԾ
û취ľ̫ʢѧԺĲ񻰣Ҷ⣬û˲е޴ѹ
Ƭ̣Ҷ诵һڰ˻ĳǵӣ׷ҶߣҶ诸һǡ
Ҷϸο˼䣬Ҷ请Ĳ٣һͱʵһ˵ȥˡ
˽ҶϽٻ֣һ°˵Ŀ̨
ĻֶõʵģҶҲֱӣôˣԼǮľ
ʵ׼ʮҶĿ̨
ʮȫŮӣҶò绨ȵˡ
Ҷһ۾ͿͷУһʱͷƤ飬Ҫܡ
ѾˣߵǸı㡪ʦĸ֡
ûпڣŭҶôԲõ£Ҫǲ˵û꣡
Ůû˿Σȫ˶ˣʱͷҶߡ
ѽҶò͵ԸĨˣ˼˰ɡʵһֻΨ²ҵӡ
Ҷ诵ҲɻĿҶϷ˵һҶﵱӵ˲ףȷʵ²̨
ʵᣬᣬЩܿƣҪѧϴɡҶæһЦ
λҶȻѾϴͽҹɣϾҶһѧԺûҪŪ̫֡ľȰ
Ҷдϲ״磬ҾˣΪʲôһã˵Ĳôôء
ľҶȥˣûע⵽Աߵľʱһ
ߣ˵Ҷ̫ȫǰӣǶԼľĴ粻мһˣ޵ͬһ㡣
ʱŭ죬Լþ㲻ɣҲһˣҶʵ̫۸ˡ
˵׿ĳѾҶ﷢սҶû뵽ҶѾ絽ˡ
ʱľҲʱͷһѵҲǹ£Ҷģһľʼղκһ΢
֣СøղʧˣֲҪ֡Ǹĵ
޷ҶõѣСµѣȻ⿪ˣһϲϲãľЦ
ðɣͿֵӣǾͲƽҶ顱ͷ
ѽѧǿСܸжԼӸСȥв裬Ϊλѧϴ˵ҶҪȥ衣
Ҳṩˮģûзһ˵ֻԼȥ
ҶԼҪʵʱ۾һصҵǮȥ椣붼Ҫ룡
Ҷƽ⣬ԼĻֿҶҶһ뿪ǿ̨
ԣʼҶͬСһ㣬Ϊ˵òˮһȫ


72 
Կʼȫʱ׷׽Ŀת̨ϡ
ʱҶʱһ£֪ǲ⣬ԼλѾռˡ
ȺΨһһλãպߣҶֻ˹ȥ
ҶµʱԸоʮֽš
Ҷûر⣬۾ʼտ̨
ҶûٿԼһЩ΢΢ʧ
ʱ̨ϵĶѾһ䡣
ⲻƽĻ磬ԲڣȫǹӰͬһԲ
ҹ꺮еĳ·ɣ˿ãգ֮ѾʮС
磬㿴˭ʤһЩСʵ
⣬˶һڴĿľʦһô۵ġ
ľ΢һ£ɫҾҹ꺮ʤȻֻ̽ԵĹûóȫҹ꺮һ޵ϢҶҪɵ
ʲôɡ˴һʲôǿľҪɵ
ϷǸΪԾΪľۣҶ˵ļһģһ
˵䣬Ѿȥ˰Уⲻƽһƹ
ŷⲻƽĴȣһ˲Ļ죬̨ĹڶһϮ
ⲻƽҪˣƹ׳սǳǿ󣡡
ⲻƽһУܹǿĶ֣ɱﵣ
ӭĻҹ꺮һĮһгһɱĺ⣬˲С
ҹ꺮еĳʱһ˪ֻ˪̺޾ƻ
飡
ཻǿҾ籬ըһ㣬ӿȥĹڶʱͷһ
ٿ̨ҹ꺮˿ⲻƽȴʮԶ̨Ҫһ̨Ѿ̨ˡ
ⲻƽҲǴһղһѪӿס
ܺãǿһȻ֪Բô򵥡˵Żⲻƽһ䣬˲ǿࡣ
ҹ꺮ûлػֻĿ
ۣⲻƽƵˣѾʼҪʹþˣ
ܹȷⲻƽУ˻Ҳ˰
ͻȻеⲻƽƱȸղǿ࣬ڵΪѾ޽ӽʿ۷塣
ѧԱǶо죬˻ĳǵ˶ʮֲ⣬˽͡
ԭؼ˹ս⣬һؼΪط
طǳϧѧԺĲؾҲֻһѣѧϰļ۸ȻҪﵽʮ֣ѧԱ̾
½֮ϣ㲩ޱߣһЩ˵ˣõһЩ
ⲻƽϾʹһططȫ
֮ʱֻǿһС׵Ϊʹù󣬻һνϳڣ׶˺ܴ
ܵǿϢⲻƽŵһЦСӣҪ׼ˣӲ£ͳ䣬ˣ
ҹ꺮Įȴ¶ŨŨս⣬г
ҹ꺮Ķ·Ϊ֮ᣬΪĵķԲڣȻѩ
찡ʲôԵ
Ǵ˵Уˮıࡪԣ
벻ǿ߶о巢ķⲻƽ϶ӳ
ҹ꺮ۣƵԼѹҲԽԽ
УʱķⲻƽѾȫɥʧ˸ղŵš
ȫתһɱ
·ûпӭķⲻƽɰǰƵֱ̧߾ٹϺһš
Ҷһݣоʱҹ꺮ͬʵУὫǰһϰն
ľһĻͫ˲СҲβסĵľ
ͬʱѧԺһ侲ڣӺ͵٣˶һʯɵǽڣȻԵõƷ
ֻ˵ҹ꺮гһʱͬʱ²豭Ǿϲ
ⲻƽĳҪҹ꺮ʱҹ꺮ĳҲߵ㣬һƬâǰն䡣
ƣ
顱һĴҶ
̨ˣһ˲κĶѡ
һӰǱɳֱӵ̨֮⣬˶һɵõһ
ֻⲻƽĳѾϳأؿһ˿ڣѪ
ȫʱѻȸһЩ˸Ǽѵһڿˮ
⡱֪˭³ۡ
ôܣȻ˽⡱˻޷š
⣬֮⾳ǽȫȫ⣬ȫȫ鶼ڽϣ𽣵Ĺ޾ɱ֮
˵ͨľӲͬܶ㣬ǿһ¡
£Ѿնأҹ꺮Ѿˡ
ڣӸЦȻֻǽΣԺǱضޣܹСɣؽڴ½ϴʣ
ʱķⲻƽɫҰףڸղŵһ˲䣬·𿴵Լ֡
ⲻƽ̨ϵҹ꺮һл顣
ⲻƽȻˣǰܵķڷ֪һ£ҹ꺮ջһԼֻ»˵ĸء
ҹ꺮ֻǵĮĵ˵ͷû˿ʤϲá
ʤҹ꺮÷ⲻƽһ֣þżۡסȨߵ
ĽηĿУҹ꺮뿪̨û뿪أֱҶǰ
˵һ㡱ҹ꺮

ϣܹսҹ꺮Ļ˳һѾ˽⣬֮ͬл˭ս
ԣҶ
ʲô
ˣҪҵĸ࣬ΣҶĶҹ꺮
ʲôҶȻѾҹ꺮ࣿⲻǿЦɣ
һ˽ߣעպҡֱϣн綥ĴڣȻ˼ֱ࣬ǰΡ
áҹ꺮붼ûʹӦ
Ҷһ㶣ЦôʹӦˣһ˿ɾûзڵˣ
Ҳ䣬ԼΪ͵ˡҹ꺮ĵ͸¶ǿš
û˸ЦΪȷʵʵ
ã˽ţȷʵֻǿŵˣܹ⡱һֱûڵľ
ҹ꺮ľһۣû˵һλ￴һıԣ
Ȼߵһ仰ǳҶ˵ģʵʱŭҪܹѵòļһ
ľȴһҲһסС֮·֮·¶뱣⾳ܽߵľ磡
ŻȻͬʱҲľؽѧԺһֵķ緶
˵ſӿһˣϰˡ
ͷһ£Ƥ׾ʮҵӣ಻ǸҶĸо˺ľϢȻ෴
֮ˣҶʶĽףѾͻƵʦ
󿴣һףҶȴʶ΢һ£Ҷ֪ˣ˺Ӻôʮа˾žˡ
һ˺ƺƵҶڵĿ̨ԭ̨ϵѧԱ׷ױã˲ѿ̨˳
Ϊ׵İӿҶһ۵һëûСӣ͸ͷ񣬲֮𣡡
˻ĳ˶ʱɫһ䡣


73 ٻ
Ҷﱻ裬˶ʱŭҪҶվ
Űӵͷȥˣŵֻëǳĺ룬㲻ͷȥҲ˳ͷ𣡡
㡭Ϳ̨֮ϱʱҿ㻹Цó
ڳЦһҶĸ꣬û뵽ҶﷴϬʱ˰
ҶûзŹ˼תͷʵֻ񣬳Ůˣ˵ˣǸʲôģ
ͷЦȷʵЩᣬûҶ˵ô
ʵǿЦ˼ҿʦڶĸ֣ǡ췲Сĵ˼ң˼Һһ˶㣬Ŷ
ʵĻ˶ڣ۸СǵѧԺǿǳĳ
ҶʱһֵǴ˵е϶
Ҷװģ췲һȭ췲ɫڣʱЩˡ
ԼҪͷģֻȷʵʶһҶû뵽ʶһ£Լѿ̶ֳȡ
췲ʹһɫʱ⣬ǰһָҶҶҵܵڰ˻ĳǲɱģ
һʱһѵҶǰ֮ɱ֮
Ҷ˵һԼӵ֪ܵ˵
ǣСۿҶɱүֻС΢һֱšԼҵӣһֱͷҿҶ
˻ĳǵӶʱζըˣⲻԵ𣿸ҪҶֹˡ
Ҷб۾ɵصǵܵܣ°ӣζ¶֪ж޹Ůϣ͸ˣ
ҶĻ˴һȻûش𣬲ҶڳܾܵҶɱġ
ҶߴŮӣǶЩŮͬ飬аҶΪ
ƨҵܵܲʲôҲֲɱҶ̹Ȼϣʱŭ
ôƨˣ׶ˣô죬ϵʮţû¼ӸɶģǻǺɵ£Ҷһɵĵ
ƨҵʮˣôͿˣſ
ô׳հˣ㲻ǻкü𣿡Ҷһŭ䲻ĵ
ʲôܳڷӦ˼Լء
ΪǶΧ֮һֲ˽ȥһЩг֮˸ǷЦ
һЩŮ࣬ʵҪЦľæһס͡
ֵЩɿʱһǫ̈̄׿ĳɡҶ
Ҷʼ磬ڳһεıϵԼ˵ֵˣȹȥˣ
һҪСģ򲻹䡱ҶЩǵĵ
˾ͱˣʡһˡʵȫ෴
ҪľԱߣҶ϶ȥƨɣ⺢ԽԽˡ
ѵõǣЩִٵСעⰲȫ˵֮ѾͨһƬ
Ҷһ㶣ûϸ룬ӻаСһͳʱһƬ
ÿɰ
ңұ
СһֶʱŮӵļУһĮЩ̲סҪչ
ҶｫСһｻҶ诣æһСһЩϰߣƴҶ诵Ļ
Ҷ诿ĵòˣæͳСӶŪС꣬СԵĶʱ
ŮһСϲӣ׷óʳջСһҶ￴ֱҡͷ
ղŻȽϹԼļһѾԼ׵ԺˣҶߵ̨ϣȺŮӾȻûһԼҶʱоᡣ
Ϸһת°⣺ϴϴֶԶôߣҵѧϰ֮·ء
Ҷ̨ȫʱ˰˸ʶҶ׷
˭ǰôûôֻʿڵΪ
˽Ҷһǽ꿼˵ĵһ
զôͣղǸսھţֱսڶûи
۷׷֮ʣһ׿ĳ̨ϣӴӰʱҶȥ
׿ĳɻɢƣΧһЩͼѧԱǣоЩѡ
벻㻹еûйҶзϡ׿ĳĵ
΢΢ϷʵĿ׿ĳɡûôˣ滳װȫǴ㣬ͦԴӣһ㶼䣡
СӣҪѱ˶ɵϣҼȻվ˵Լ뷨Ҫٸ̸һЩɵĻ׿ĳɲмĵ
Ŷ㻹ôӣüƲɣ϶ּ˳룬ŵô˰ɡҶ΢ȵĵ
׻ҽǰĹؾǣֻҪôڣСɡ׿ĳЦ
ŶغܺãҺϲһԷſֽˡҶﵭĵ
ҶĻ׿ĳɲм˿ڿˮıҺܲˬһȫĹͷ飬ȻٷĵΪˣ
ôҡҶЩ졣
ҲΪˣǰ˻ĳеѧԱһһһϵŮͲô˷ˣ
ͷ׿ĳһЦı㣬һΪһŮˣлĻϣǰɣ
ҶЦˣЦúɭǿĨЦݵˣоĲ
Ҷ诵Ȱ˻ĳˣʱͷһˣ
ʲôˣʵЩɻĵ
϶ǸɵˣΪҶЦˡһźĵ
Ϊʲôô˵أҶЦйŹ֣
ŹֲŹҲ֪֪Ҷһ¶Цݣͻ£ΪҼһôЦʱ򣬷ϵӰǵһʿ
ڶЦʱŪʮӣ
εʱҶſʿִ³ĳ֣诽ѾΪˣ
ǵĴΣǵһͬλɵҶЦݱǳΪٻҪҶ
ʵôһͣʱоƤЩ䡣
׿ĳһ˵ʲô̼ҶҶﲻģһֱһˡҶ̾˿
ڣ̾˿ҡͷɻ׿ĳǸΪŭҶԼʤĻһЩȫȻ֪ԼһһԨ
ǳãĿѾﵽˣѾɹҵŭ𣬲֪ôҵŭҶЦŵ
Сӣ˵ᱻҴȫͷûа㻹ֵء׿ĳЦ
Ҷﲻ÷ҡҡͷĻһԼĽǣȡ
ʱе̨׿ĳɣҶʽʼ
Сһ㳢ζһ˫ۣһͷһ㣬Ҷ
Ҷһ磬ܿһˣͬʱĽԼЬ¡
Һĳ죬Ҿ


74 
йĿɿڴУ̨ҶŽѾֻЬӡ
쵰Ҿʹ㡱һȭҶ˹ȥ
ž
һ
׿ĳһ򣬲㵹ڵϣתͷ˶ʱһ
ԭ׿ĳڵϣӡһЬӡ
ҶһĿ׿ĳɵû뵽ͦİҵĽŻ
ʱ׿ĳɸоϻģһ۵ģһģô˿ųԼǶˡ
ŭһХȭȭͷϸһͷϻ·ЯžҶ
Ҷǣһ粽Σֻӳ
ž
һ죬׿ĳɵһϣʱҲһЬӡǣ߸һ¶룬ҶԳ˿
ȫ˲䶼ɵˣ⻹ǱôôŰô𣿽Ǵ۽ˡ
쵰ѵֻ֪𣿡
ž
Сˣ
ž
Ƚһǰ˻ĳǵĵӣȫҹȥ񣡡
ž
һ澡ߵŮˣ
žžžžž
׿ĳһ䣬Ҷһ½粽ת£һӳڷ·ʮҶһ㡣
ÿҶﶼֳֻЬӣֵͬ糵һ㣬׿ĳɵһٿ顣
˶ŴͿһĻЩԾЩЦ𺳡
ҶֻʿڵΪ׿ĳȴѾʿ۷ˣҶǰȻûа㻹֮
˶ҶͬһĲļɵʵ̫ˡ
粽Ȼǻƽ׸߼սϡУڳľмϰ
Ǿû뵽粽Ȼ־磬ͬӰһ㡣
һϰսšСɡɡԲĸ磬ֻͨὫ粽СɾˣС
Ϊ粽߼ķսֵûʱȥо
ʶ˽粽ԲǶľˣԭһƽ׹ԲȻԷ
໣
׿ĳɷͬҰһŭ˫ֻסȥһ³嵽̨ϣȥ
˶ʱһ㶣һȻֱ̨
ֻ뷨ǷģʵǹǸеģһӰסȥ·Ҷһͬβ޺׿ĳɵϡ
׿ĳɱ̨ģƽʱԳʦս̨Ȼ˹ѣ׿ĳɸһѪ
ϡ׿ĳɸ֣һЬӣֺݺݵسϡ
βͬһѵһᡣ
ۣ
׿ĳɱ鷭˼һѪ˳ʮݣ̨
Ҷﻺߵ׿ĳǰѾѿ޷˵׿ĳɡ
΢΢ЦЦ˵ͺܳҪͳãˣ
Ҽǵøտʼʱ˵ҪϵҶһǶԹгر˵ŻһŲ׿ĳɵĴȡ
ꡱһ׿ĳɵĴȹǣʱ۶ϣ׿ĳҲһɺݾûп۾ԹĶҶ
׿ĳɵĿҶᣬЦЦ
ꡱ죬ȫѾѻȸֻ࣬˶ͷ
ŮѧԱɫҰףҶ̫˰ɡ
Ҷﲢûн׿ĳеԹûһ˿ٷŨңҶʱɱ
˾ԲȻˣҪһ߿϶Լߵ
̧׿ĳɵȥ
ס֣
һҶûᣬǰȥ
˼ҶԼȻǰȥʱдŭһӣҶһơ
δǿϢѾҶײǿмУҶаһϵ׿ĳɡ
пܻᱻ˻ˣ˶ʱǡôҶȡᡣ
Ҷ´ŭջ߳ȥĽţһѳǹУӭȥ
飡
أֲӿȥ̨ܵλʱɣ±ߵѧԱǱֵ
⡱ҶͬʱҶſˡ
Ǵ˵صĲУʮģһǿϢʾѾһλ佫ǿߡ
Ҷﳤǹһڣǹˣصֹң
ǸȻҶ嵽ˣһŭ˵˴ˣǻǲҪ̫
ѵңҶһӵصǰ˻ĳĵӣ۸˵ˣеĲУǿ˴ˣ
ʱȥˣô壿ܳһٵ¸˭
Щαļһվڵµߵȥ۱ˣҲԼʲôɫû¸Ͻﶪۣ
Ҷһĺ죬ʱˬ࣬ǰһλţϵ̧壬գҶ޾ŭ
̨˶Ҷ˾壬áУһ佫ǿ߶֣ҪĲ
ǣ죬ǲɶ˲ţõѣҲµĵˡľ
ĶڵԼǾҪҶѡ
Ϸĳݣϴ󣬼ʹ佫ǿߣҲһƵô
ҹ꺮Ҳһ˿壬Ѿ˽Σ˵־ǳС
Ҷﱬһ˲䣬ĸӦҶ᳤գƾǿ־
ǲбһָű˰죬ƫƫһ仰ҲֱѪ
㡭㡭Ŀ𳤣·ϡѾЩ״ˡ
ٸҷϻֲ̫࣬һЩѹңѧԺûʸңϽҶﲻͷĵ
˵ûʸ̨Ҿʸ㷸棬ȡеͶֻܽ¡ǲʸ񡱶֣ʱ˾
֮λ޴ǣҾɣҿ㵽мＸҶһΪȻĵ
ǲбͷƤը챻һáҪԼ֡
սǿߣղųһΣûҶѾܶˣҪٳֻ֣˳Ц
֮ʣһϵ̨ã˽Խ̨򣬷ȥɽ죬ԼУ
Ժ
ȻԺˣ
Ժǲöʱɫһ䣬ǣ֪ȥ췣
ĬĮ̆ǰҶһۣеɱһš
ȻĿޣȻ޷ӹҶĸ֪Ҷ°⣬òҪңһ֪Ϊʲô졣
û˴ԼˣҶﻺ׿ĳԣЦѾû˴ˣǿԼ
׿ĳɶʱɫ䣬£ʹ֫ϣֻҪҩò˶þͿԸԭ
ˣһжûˣڿʼˣԼţԼֵסԷķ
׿ĳжʱȫǿ־壬뺰䣬Ҷ
Եʱһߵ̨Ϊʧܣоͻֹκ˶ٳ֡
˵ȥһѧԱôҾҲϵζɣ
˵һ׿ĳɵĵﴦ׿ĳӴ壬ʱɳ̨Ǳˤڵϡ
Ҷ̨ʱתһѪ


75 ıó
ҶѪˤ˶һȫϲ⵽ô¡
ΪҶǰǿƿóҶԸ׿ĳɸûȫ
ѵ˵ղн֣ܵڲŷ
ǣ佫ǿ֣߳Ǻεȵƣ˲ǹ£
ѵӲôã׿ĳɷϵͦסˣ
Ҷ߹ϯˣʱĶҶﻺӵŷ
ľһ˿ɫû˵ʲô
ҶɫЩ԰ףǿԴߵս̨ҹ꺮ǿڴ㽻ֵʱ򣡡
ҶӭеصҶû°ɣ
ҶɫȻ԰ףӲŵûµģû¡˵꣬Ľǵһ˿Ѫ©ɫĲȥ
ϴû£ȻҶıȽΣǱϷɷˣЩĵĵ
ҶϷСڸϿȥӮĻֶһһӦһսǵȫѹʤ
ϴ㣿Ϸһּװǵıϴڵ㣿
ǰɣϿȥ
ϣ
Ϸ֮ҶԡƣߵǰҪ
һ߽едˣҶɱ֮𣬸ѧԺ涨ҿҶ﷢Լս˶׼
˵֮Ļʱը˹
ʲôҲ̫޳˰ɣ
ֱҪҶˣ¾һʿ׻
ѾҶﲻˣгҪҶһˣ
˻ĳǵĵӶʱɫ䣬ҶĿеż񣬸ǵľ֧ǾԲܿҶ
˷׷վ𣬼ߵصҶ磬Ǹƴˣɱһ׬һ
һŭ飬һСĹС¶ѾˣҶͷһж
Ҷҡҡͷ£ûôأ齻ң
ʱеѧԺҪ׼֪ʱս
ڡ
ãĺ̨һҶԼսʼеԴһ˿˷ܣȻΣڳ󲿷˶ˡ
찡ƫҶ˵ʱ䰡
ǣеؽҲ̫˰ɣ
˻ĳǵ˼ȹϵϣҲ
ϾһʦǿߣڵҶܶԸġ
ѧԺɽԺȨı䣬һССʦ޷ı䡣
Լͽ£ҶҶ˾ԼһҲﲻ
뵽ҶߣοҶＸ䣬֪ϣãҲܱûϣá
ҶϽһ裬ݸѧò裬СĲĵģѧ㲻Ҫ֣
ӹҶݹĲ裬ʱԼĿˣҶ֮սȻǵԼ飬ʱֹס
ᣬҶﻹΪίԭԼأæ費ҪҸѧԷ
ǡǵġЩʵҪҪ
˵ϾҪսˣҲزˣĻôҲ˵סӣתܵĬĬᡣ
û뵽˵ҶԼϷаûڡ
ʱϷһĻˣҶߣҶûصװˣѾϹˣ۾˷ϹӶó
ϷεЦЦϴҸղŽȫעһˣܹһʮְԼҲһǧ
˵Ϸ۾Ĺ⣬Ҫȫˣζû׬־Ȼôס
ˣѹʶ٣Ҷĵ
ѹˣֻһˣǶϴˣҪ϶Ὺô͵ģ
ϷԭĹƣҶˣʦǿߣôҲӦǼʮŶԣû뵽ԼԤƵģԶ
һſϷɡҶϷɵļ򣬶СܵİЧʣҶǳ⡣
һʱѵҶ볡е˹
ҶһЦõģҰɵ
ҶЦݺ⣬˸оůЦݣ˻ĳǵ̤ʵࡣ
ȴôΪΪҶڸǣЩŮӵʱѹſޡ
Ҷ̨ʵЩǵص˵ҶӮ𣿡
ľЩʵС˵ҶһܺõѣҲһǳµĵˣ
ҶܲӮô˵һЩĻʵЩĵ
һֱĿû˵ҹ꺮ͻȻ˼ǣҶӮˣôܵ𡮿¡ۣ
ߣ˭Ҫľͷ͡ʵ顣
ҹ꺮ҲıĿ
ǵĶԻʱ˿ľʵ磬˵𣿡
ľ˵ͷҹҶûˣǹװģ
ʲôװģΪʲôҪװЩɻĵ
ľЦЦûлشһȻôаջʦ
ʵǲӦңûĳĳˣҶİΣ𣿡ľЦ˵껹һһ¡
ʵ˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻϷǱߣָͷ˷ܵʲô
ʵͻϷߵʲôأ
ȥңϴӮٻءϷҲ
ջش꣬;ЩԾˣоĵĿ޾ɱ·ҪԼ
ۣȻڸʵһץסϷɵĲӣֱӰ
ҵ°ϴ˼ֻȵĶѡϷЩѵĵ
ϷĵϴŮСܿɶԸˣ˼񹦸ɣһСܵİɡ
˵˵ѹ˶ٻ֣һŭݵĵ
ѧ˵ϴΣΣ
ʲôǾȻΣ
ǰϴ˵ѵõ̻ԺܷĺľͿһˡϷʵش
ҽǰȫϸϸаٺ١ʵٺһЦ
һŮôһЦϷɾȻëȻĸо
ϷɸϽСԴӰǰѧԺһֱúѧϰϡϣ
ƨɱһǡص˵
ƻŮһѶƹϷͬͲɸһ㣬ȫ
ǵ֪ҶｫոӮʮ֣ȫѹһϣʱ˵
ҶǷӮʮֻ֣ȻּѺע
쵰һĲҧгݵĵղΪҶôᣬɵ࣬¶˶ˡ
޺޵ĻصߣϢȴ˵ĹЦ
ս̨˵ΣҶȴˣǳǡ
ҶЦ˼ǵôĹΪʲôôˣѵң˻Щͷ
ЦҶǸܵܣɱҸνֻǸڣɱ㣬Ҫģ׼ɣ
Ҷˣϻûأɣҿʦжǿ
ҶһЦȡǹƵĵ
һϺȣгҶն䡣


76 ɱʦ
еĳѾעԪȻһ˿Ĺ
Ҷﳤǹһųӭȥ

һ죬Ľ
Ҷֱ΢΢һ飬ǹԷһ˿Ԫ֣Լֱ𶯡
ҶﲻаޣʦǲһԪǿ̫࣬ϵĵһˮ롣
ҶǾŭӣղҶһֻǶȻԼѪӿ
սʦ㣬ҲˡҶҡҡͷ
쵰ݳѿ֮СʱŭȻͶǣЩΪ췲أһЩ˶Ҳ㹧
챻Ҷ˱ӣʱŭڣһ
еĳ˲ؽӰҶＲ籩㹥һͺӢ
Яľ磬Ҷĺ죬ֻһŽ˲佫Ҷɡ

һܼһ죬ʧһӰɳֱ˵ɶԶͣסŲ
ҶﳤǹббĿڼϣһڵı顣
ͷЩңͷѾǺˮ
ղŵһּԪǱҶһǹˣؿʹһѪ
ȫ󾪡
ҶҲ̫˰ɣʿڣʦ죡
иƨûҶһȻûȫ
Ҷ̫ˣֱǸ
˻ĳ߶ʱһƬϲãһһļ֤ҶͬǰѾоȵı鶼ˡ
Ȱ˻ĳߵϲãȴһƬѹ֣췲һƬࡣ
̨ϣҧгݵصûˣ
ڲſֻܸ˼ҵˡҶһһ
ƵĽŲ·һÿһصͷ
Ҹƴʱе޵Ŀ־壬ȥᱻŵ̱
һҧ⣬ʹȫʱѲ٣һȡ׷ƴ̣
ӭĳҶûжܣûеֵɳؿڼȥ
͵ҶؿֻľʱҲ޷һֻͭɫĴס˳
ʲôȻͽֽӱ
ȫʱһƬȻûģǲȴʵı̶Զͨ
һ侲ľһҶﻹز¶
ڣһɻʲôսôû
΢һۣҡͷսû˵ӦǵؽսӦʧѾãҶ︣Ե񰡣
һµ˵ҶѾԳɹģ۱ۣһ˴֣
ŶСӺܲһ㰡ûָ㣬⿿ԼܳɹǲðЩЦ
һϢƣҶ˴ɹͻʿȴֻĽħ޵ʬ壬һֻħ޵ʬ嶼˾۱ٻ˵еǡ
ŵʱ۾һֱֻʲôħޣ
Ľħ޷ֱǱ۵Ͱ֩룬ħһ󢡱ٵҺҶɵģ
ӦòҶҾƶиְؾЩˡҶӰ
̨ϣҶסʱ󾪣æس顣
Ȼ֣ԼѺһ㣬޷ҡֺ
Ҫˣؿһʹͬ޴УһѪ׷ɡ
ûأһͭɫȭͷĺϣʱͬ׹ء
飡
̨һ𣬼Ӳ̨Ǳҳһӡǣָϸѷӿȥ
Ѿһ룬ˤ̨ȫͷ֪˶ٽء
Ҷ￴̨ϣֻнûг֪ΪʲôȫΪ֣һ޵Ӣù֣̣ˣ
һޱ֣Ϊ֣ҲһϧҶ˵гǹһ塣
ǹʱĿڣһͫ˲ɢ
ջسǹңңָ̨ϵ췲ȵ϶;ԼһЩϲ̨ļѹҪһӵ϶
췲һһףסˣû˵ߵһ˴˸ƣǱ뿪˳ء
췲ľٶҶЩ죬ΪȻᱩףû뵽˻̵ġ
ҶĿһ̨±ߣһԾĲУ̨صԼĹϯ
ҶɱĽ췲뿪ҶصԼϯλȫš
صλ˶ͬһ㿴Ҷ·ʶһ㡣
ֻҹ꺮ĿȵĿս⡣
ľվΣҪҶ˵һСӰǰߣҶĸ첲СӣɵĻûиҶԺŬ
ʵֵĵ˿ںʵҶﻹС
ľҡͷЦҶǿϣһܹһս
һսҶЩһ㶡
Ǻǣ˵ЩˣҵȻȥˣпʱӭ͡˵꣬ǻԸʵ뿪
Ҷܸо˵ʲôͻȻʵϷأ
Ҳһƣղڱƹôһôʧء
ϴϴǷϷ㵸ı˹
ϴ˵Żݹһſ
ҶһϱѾʾʮ֣ʱﰵϲû˵ʲô
ҶｫݸϷɵ㻮ȥʮ֣
ϴθ׬ˣôĻءϷԴҡĸ˹һ
ϷζĲѾӵСʮˣǰζģ˵ʲôҲҪҶĻ֡
ֲҪҶҲǿȻȥʮַ֣±ߵֵܣܲܽ˼Ұװæ
Ҳòôɣһ͹ǷˡϷɳԾĵ
űôϻǳ⣬ֵܽǺȥɣ
Ϸɻʮ֣¸жܰһЩȵĶ˼ϴ塣
ϷˣҶתͷЦ켸λŮССܴˣÿһ֣Ա⣬λǧҪٰ
ЩŮӶʱĻŭţʱЩ˼ҪܾһҶ㻹ǿøղôᣡ
㲻Ҫ˵ʱһţ˫תȥ
Ҷԣ΢΢һ͵ʲôҲûĸСһ
ҶҲװûһˣÿ˻һ֡
ȻǶʦǿߣһĸûһ֣á
ƽ޹ʵô֣ʱҶм㣬мĶѾʼҶǷˣϽһѽ
һˣϾʣ°˻ĳˣҶůЩԼˡ
ҶǶѿóÿ˻ʮ֣
ʹðҶ̫ˡȻ֪Ҷָǻ֣Ǿû뵽һܷôࡣ


77 
Ҷֹҵƴǣǰ˻ĳǾʣǼˣЩȥʵѧսĶȥѡĻٵã
ҲˣǸǣѾƺˮһƵ£¶ǣҪǵİ
ҶԼκս˲£ϣϴʱٴη
ǰ֮ǽҵʵҲִɣʱ̵ġ
õģҶģһŬСһȺڸǼͨ죬˻֣ǵнͻͽ
һеһУǰҶ͸ǵģҶҪʱǳɵɵĿţʲôҲﲻˣеǿһΪҶʲô
ҶͷһһַȥֵҶ诵ʱҶֱӻȥʮ֡
Ҷ͵ҶĹܼңҪѳֲС
ΪҶﾭչʲôҲδҵʶ»ָҶ诱á
СһҶﵽʱҶϣǵĲҶĶ䣬ҶһĽ
Ҷ뿪䳡ѧԱǶžηĿ⣬ҶıӰʧſڡ
󣬡ħҶִѧԺÿһѧԱУ֣޲ľս
ЩҶﶼ֪ʱոոϵסſѧҶǰݷѧ㣡
䣬ӭ˳ЩȵصԭҶѧܣôͻȻпչٺأ
ҶһȭСܴ˴ǰȷʵ󣿡
Ŷǽ˵ɡҶӭڡ
Ҷ΢һ۷䣬ڷǳԼǳԣȻеĺլ
˷ֱ֮Ҷ￪żɽص֪ѧ˵顯öģ
顱ķ˼飬üͷ΢һ¡ֺ˵
ˣҵĹ͢صеģСʱѧϰʱһءͻȻе
֪ѧɷĽСһءҶʱͷûȻҵˡ
ҶͷϲЩˡ
ҡҡͷ²У
ҶʱͬһˮЩʧصѧʲôֻܿҪҶģüͷ
ѧҶʱֽšǹ͢صֻлҳԱʸĦйĻܵϿĳͷ
Ҷʱ°⣺ıŪ֣ôŪأ͵
ҶҲҶĿֲսǼʶˡ
ҶѾϧһдۣҲҪֵĳ롣ǽ˼ҸһҪԼȻ޷쵽̫ȱˡ
һҧҶҲȫް취ҸǵĴӣӦа취
ţҶһ㶣ɴ˿ǾŪģҲḶһ۰ɣ
ûа׳Եͣɴ˵ǵɣ
ҶĻɴصȻѧ㿪żɽˣҲͲҴˣ
ʵۣҲҵĸףϥ¹λӣҸ信ʵǿԶԶӣλȻв
ѾͬˮһһȻǻҵ顱˵ЩȻ
һ˵۶Ҹ棬᲻㣬Ҳҿ϶Ҷ
ӣԩ·խҶһµû⣬֪ʲôʱȥ۶
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ǾɡҶ
ãһȥ㣬һȥ۶Щ죬ǴӦ
Ҷ˵ͷǱҶ诵סСһｻҶչˣ˵ԼҪȥ졣
ҶҲû˵ʲôֻҶһСģ֪Ҷȥȡʿڶסլ
ҶһĶͷԼȻˣԼб죬Ӧûһֻֿõġ
Ȼ׿ĳɵһֿ϶࣬СҲ⣬˷ѾԲҶķ
Ҷص̨ǼǴʱԭĲѾԭˣҶѾ׼ȥ˰ɡ
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ҶصסպãְϷɽ˹ԿֱӸȥһ£ϷɴӦһ˸߲ҵĳȥˡ
˿̷ֻʣҶʣµһȡ񾭹Ҷյļֻܶʣٶˡ
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ҶѪ⾫󣬻һžĹ죬оӣҶǳο
ҶһͺȣȫƤʱͭɫҶžӿһۣȫͭɫǡ
Ҷ˫ۣʱԭڵͫףҲѾ֮ͭɫ
һεƣڣҶΧΰʵһ˲䱻飬Ӷҡҡ׹
ҶæջƣѾʼѵǽڣаһգͰѷӸˡ
ͬʱҲĸе𺧣û뵽󰵽ȻֻͭԲѡ
󰵽ĸ׶Σͭƽ𡢰
ÿ׶ηС磺СɡɺԲ
Сָܹɫһ֣ɾֲǿ
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ҪǰƽİǻʲôЧҶԼЩˡ
һǽ壬ҶҲˣѾµסլѾûʲôˡ
ֻǱȼԺһЩѣûоԺ˭ԸҪ˭Լʰɡ
ҶϵĻҳ΢һݣֱؾȥ
ЩսҶԷԼĶ̰壬Ǿǻս̫١
ʯȭƶѾԼĽŲˣȥѧŸ߼ս
Ҷ뱦ս򣬷Ļƽ׵ͼսֻҪһٻ֣мսȻҪٻ֡
ҶʱоЩȻ׳սȻѾﵽ˾˵ǧ֡
׶мҪ֣߼Ǿ˵Ĵﵽ֣ô̫ˡ
Լÿ˷ʮ֣ҪȻѧ߼Ĺսֻ̾ˡ
ΪЩÿ¿ӵѧԱǣѵǾûһѻ뽫˵ĳ嶯𣿿õԲŵζҪġ
ҶĹģǮˣϷɵ飬ҶӮЩ㹻ѧԺѹһˡ
Ҷϸѡһ£һǹסȻֻ׵ͼǹؼǳţΨһһ
Ҷﻹѡһ׸߼ȭϱ߼ɣɷֳһһ˷ʤ
Ҷһ侲ңһжһģϱߵʽȫϤϱߵʽѾһʱȥˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ֪Լţϱߵսڼ򵥣̶һʱҶѾ˲־裬ò˶ãͿȫڻͨ
ת뿪˲ؾҪȥ̸ˣͷۣˣ


78 Ű
գҶѧԺļ٣뿪ѧԺ
ռһ󲨶ҶǰһѾ۹Ĵϡ
ҶһЦкһҶʻȥ
Ҷ͸ĴڣӵĽĳ˺档
Դ磬Ҷһôĵؽ磬ȻҪúùۿһ
ٶһЦʱҶһĺӣ۾ڸֽȥ
ҶϸĵĽЩʻ۶ģˮ֯ҶﱻǰһĻ˶ǰ䡣
һ·ϸֵ̣ؽ˽ֽҶֻصǰĲнһ㡣
Ȼһ󼱻Σݳ߸һҶһʱһ
Ҷһƻӳﶥɣһ˲Ծϰա
뿪һɲǣһ˶ţǣ̴ڵĳᡣ
Ҷԣ̶ܣ´ʱѾˡ
Ҷһ£ԭҲһ쳵ǳĺ࣬ĺȻһͷħޡţ
ɫЩ԰ףȻͻĹϲ
ݳĳ򣬴ʱѾɣײһԵʯϣһغˡ
ʱ쳵ϣһãŮһλʮҵ쳵
üɫЩĲ԰ף۾ǣһɫȵģ
ʱųʬƿڴļ񣬸赲ݣˣ
Ҷһ£ŵļһ˭һ˿ּɵı˵
˽ף۹ʦΪ̰ɫѾˣǱܿʦڵ۹λǳߣǲ˵Ҷ뿪
㿪ƫƫ⡣
վס˭ˣָʹݣıܣ
סˣĵ۾̰ɨɨȥ
ǿŭ⣬ʩһƽ֮Ů֮СŮ֮˼£ҵȻ»նл
˵ƽ֮Ůô֪һðģд̱˰ˡײΪȻĵ
㡭Ļֱ
һ£ʱʮҶ˰Χ
ҶʼۿףƺõԤıȻȥԷۣ⺢е˵ǰ
͵͵һǰΰʱù֮ԣ۰
ûףһֵ̯׳ʲôǵģŷŵˣ
ûػ״ŭСӡ
û˵һֻĴ֣޺޵ĳݻƵϡ
ž
תķ糵зɳüԶö״壬תȵ䡣
˶һŷ˵ݣԼһжʮţ׿ǻһѾǰˡ
ױɣת֮ɲɵڸղײʯϡ
ǹѵܽӴʯյĲλѪӿʯȾһƬ
ֻ˭֪ЩѪЩ׵ģЩǳġ
ʱҶľٶһոҶ˵ǲ˦־͸״˸
ҪԼ˵ǲҶֱ׵Կأｹ֣ʱʧ˷ִ硣
쵰ҪϺ㣬ҪϺ㣬ϣϺ
״ӵѾѪһŮæȥס׷ŭ޴ӷйһŮСŮڵϣȫʹᡣ
׶ҶЪ˹صŭֻ¸ڣ˵©磬ѡɱˡϺ
һ󺰣׷׳Ҷ˿ȥ
ʮдʿʦֻˣҶΪߣҶڡ
һŽһʦ߷ɣһȭһʿ򵹣ϾЦλ֮ѾôĿŵ𣿸۶˸ҽӷˣ
ûİҶһۣʱˣ˼Цгսһ
ȻóıϹǲͷŵ˺ü
ʱ׵ʿӿ˽ͷĺȻһλ佫ǿߣһейϸд̴ˣҸɱۣ
˵ŻгҶ￳䣬ҶһЦгǹһ
̣
ǹһ󲨶˺ѵ佫ǿߴȥ
һ޿ƥеƶʱǽǿǹź⣬·ҪƲһ㡣
佫ʱ󺧣ԭӵɱһʿЩԸΪЩСˡ
ʱѲôˣ˲ŵϢȫ˲仯ף廤ס
ͬʱһĹΪأǰһǽ
飡
̶űѵĳƬܷ䡣
֮ۡڶ
ʮλʿɽĳƬ䴩ʹϵҲǡ
佫ǿߣǱɣˤʮ֮⣬ڿѪ۾ȫǾ
ҶҲ°Ԫ֮ʹսԼǿȻ
Ҷһʯ쾪սȫֹͣս׷˿
ʲôЦһһ佫ǿˣȥֲֻսûҪôƴ
ҶﻺߵߣĿɿڴЦЦôʶˣ
һ죬ҡҡͷ
ʱһ˹ȻֻмʮˣǸǸ֣佫ͷһʮӡ
룬˫ĿȣȻҲһ佫ǿߡ
һ˵ĵʱϲɫ
ȺǰͷӶҶһȭظ¾ҶְɣȻӢ˫
ҶﹰһЦˣСҶӣ
ҶѾµ˾۹Ĵ
ƺ̫֣±ֻ꣬ͽһҶֵܰɡЦ
Ǻǣ̧СܾˡҶЦ
˵ز˵֮أߣǻطкҶ뿪
ЩΪѵô£²ýɣ
ҶһͲòˣС£ֿɰƽģ
ҶĻаޣǻ۹ˣûеĻôλ
ЦŶͷģͬʱамԼãԼôһǿİ֡
ղ͵ˣڰ۲ҶҶ﾿û˵ôǿ
û뵽ǣҶıֱĻҪ¶һҪ£Ҷ
ʵҶҲ֪һ˵ĴڣսʶѾΧ
Ե佫ֵʱҶźޱʩչԼʵΪ˾Ҫ֤Լļֵܸ˳õġ
óƥָҶ
·ߵʱԹָҶΪҵɽûˣһȫ֮أ
Ҷ۾֮ʱͫгһĨɫ
һɱĺ׳ȥˣһд󺧡
һҡΣ˲Ѿʧȥ˽࣬ͬһմһɵɵվ


79 ۶
۶ģһηشԭӦֵĳأѻȸ
ܵ˫еһ类л
Ҷղʹ˴ӶаʼѧһзǳԵĻ꼼
֮һԷʶ֮УԷʶ顣
˼Ե쳣ҪǿĻ֧䣬ܵɡ
ϵ˺µģ½ϼж޸ҩֻܿȥ
еаȻս֮ʱҲóȻʹã⵹ǱҶ
ҶǿᣬѾǿ߷ˣȻ޷ȫգ»йܡ
ΧһЩʿϵĸ֣֮㲻»һȺ˱ɰ׳ա
ҶҲû뵽ξ޴󣬰ΧûзˣԼҪǴˡ
һ뿪ʱȫҲûĿʧ

۶ʹһۣɫϣеһܱ
еܱ۾ĬһҶȻ˷ԣ죬һ۶͸ҰһʦŪɰ׳գʲộ޼ɵأ
ָûһн죬κȵּ⣬Ĺ᲻òֽ֮£֮Ǹ
ǡڰУһص

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ֻԺΪ̨ͤ¥󣬼ɽСˮӦоУԸ֮
ɰޣǻʵ۵Ķӣɡ
Ӵλ佫Ҷһ¥ԹȫլԺ泩
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ӹһЦҶֵϲ־ͽլΣ
Ҷûʲô˿Ĵ󾪣ǴİլӣƽʱֻĿˣŻᱻ
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ҶһѾ޵ıԼ̰ٻ󣬲׷ӵġ
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Ҷмص¾Ͱˣܳ벻ɣҶｻˣ
ҶĻдϲҶڱŵպ϶Լһ֮
˵ʮŮѾžµ̣ʼϲˡ
һӵζҶ̾ΪֹҶﻹǿסԼʳһӲ˿²һ˳Եġ
ȻҶϱʱĸҶвˣӺλ佫Ҷﾴơ
ҶƵɣ߲ܣ̸µ壬һٷԵı
Թ󣬴ͳһϾһ߼Ĵ洢ϱңһ͸֧ڵĽҡ
۹ĿԲʮ
ҶҶֵܣֻЩҪͲˣȥĴתתò˵۶ôҲҪú棡
ҶҲ飬ӹЦǾͶлˣСһŬѣȡΪ۹˰նף
ҶĬü˶ʱЦʱҲ¼Ҷܾˡ
Ҷɲϲ˸ţǰӵĸо˵ֻҪԼԼ߶ˡ
Ҳǿ˼䣬뿪ˡ
ֻʣҶˣЩţһ˿˷ܡ
ʵȥ
Ҷ￴һӵߣҸطԷ


ҶĴһҾ¥ĸںߡ
ǼʶҶĿֲӽ¥ʼҶ;ûͣ
˲˵ߣȻҶԷٶȣʱıҶߡ
ֱʱҶű뿪Ѿſһ߿񴭴ˡ
Ҷﰵ޵۶ǵ۶գζ˻ĳǾ
һߵҶЩǸص˼ˣ
ԭҶԷٶȿνͬǸ£˶ˣĿŶˡ
Ҷ︹м⣬ȳԱԺŷ֣¥ˣŴͿԼˡ
Ĵҹ㣬ûעĿߵͨ졣
ǵġҶԼǸæҸ˵ҪʳŻڲ֪ôǿˣ
ͻȻԼߣһǳԲҶ飬ԼҲڳЦҶ
㸸һøף˼Ҷû˵ҪҪʳҶȤ
ʱһЦͻȻúܿģС󣬴ûô޾Ц
оҶһȴһзգϲָо
ѧôһЦʱͰ׶ˡҶЦ
Ŷѵƽʱ𣿡ֹͣЦʵ
Ҷɫһ࣬ɫһ壬ָеұ죬ڶ˵
һϿεʱ򣬱Ҷķʱ顣
ֻҶȻѧΩΩФ˵֮ǰӱӵĶ˽ȥֻһģŮģ˷
ʱЦֱҪһŬס·ߵˣ¶Ѿſȥˡ
ιŬԼƽϢֵ⻹ǹ㣬Ҫ㡭
˵ʱһ죬Ҳ˵ȥˡ
ҶҲޱȣôû³أ˵ԽԽûˣͷԼƽˡ
ʱ֯Ц׷˹ۿڿò绨
ҶæԶԶȥѾٱ˹עҶһ
Ҷץס֣ʱһ·һɵȫ
뿪ȺҶɿ֣Ŀһ˿ʧ
ףʲôҶﾪȵ


80 ʦ
ʲôҶָһʵ
һĸȻֻ㣬ÿ㶼ʮɸߣռ㡣
ʦĵطЩĵ
˵ǵ۹ֻʦôõôĽҶɻ
Ҷһ۵ӽ쿪ʼֻĸˣ
ȿȣŶðɣĸôôõôĵطҶεĿһµ
Ҫ֪ԼĵʱҲôһССľң跸ô
ʦλ磬ǵΪǽģʦԶռһ㣬һʵҡҡϢҡȵȣ
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˼䣬һŻ򿪣һӰƮ
ʱһҶϽ뿪ǸӰȻǳģֱӷ䵽ǰ
ҶȻһΪ˸ûгҲǿߣȻҲܷС
Ҷﾪȵǣ˽ϾȻһѽôƮڰС
ҲѵУ
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ҶҲܵѹڴڤݵ˵ʲô
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㽫Ūɰ׳յģ
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ѵң㻹䣬үѧԺһѧѣ㲻ôҵĺ̨־Ҷĵ
㡭ֱûˣҪѧԺϷû취ڡҾ֪ʲôߵغ񣡡
˵һһӡߵĽӡΧʮڵ·һ±ɣ˲γһӰҶն䡣
ǳӰʵһ㣬ǿƥն
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ֲܱΪͬ޵У߹ȻǿҶﲻѪӿȫһ䣬һǿҵսȼա
߱ҶﻹҪԾһתȫΪѾ˵Ҷһһλ佫ܡ
ȫһϣһٻҶҲΪԼӣû뵽ҶȻ˿û˵ӡ
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ղĹΣҪһա
ҶһΪԼͽܳͷϾԼͽܱˣʦ˵˵Լ˻ң
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˵ֻӲͷƤƮ
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ʱŸոջָ򶨣ȥ˫һ˿
ҶģЦˣǸϹѾˣǼɣ
ֱҡͷҶ񾭾ʲôģȻ˴ִ
·ϣûһ㣬ʲôĴ£ﶼС£˿Ӱ첻顣
˼ŵ۶תƣҶǹʳܲ졣
ҶͣǳϲСʳǰû취䱸ռָݳƷ
ѧԺôʱ䣬ʳͳԹˣڶУγɹһЩǴȥ
û뵽񾭴ִҶôϸĵһ档
Ҷʳһ£벻ٽɹϡ
ҶԶһŹֽԲΣռ
кܶԴԴϵĽ棬Ҷѯ
֪Ҷ۹У٤С
٤ÿһȵĴ٤ܴϰأ֪
ǾͨŪƷаսסĵرŴؼ
ҶǰһƱڳѾȫˣҶֻö໨һЩңһȽľ
սڳ˵λѾˡ
ҶҵԼλѾʼˡ
ǳлλݰÿһȵ٤ᣬϯʦ·£Ļ϶ˣҲͲ˷Ѵҵʱ䣬ֱӽɣ
ʦԭЩֵĳʱ
ɷԲԲ̨ϣǶҹʯ̨ÿһƷκһϸڣùڿ
ֱչʾһƷʦĻŮһԲ̨ϱһ첼ڸǣ˸ʲô
ÿϱߵĺ첼һıǰ
һƷ嵶Чнڻ£
ʦһȵصļʮңÿμӼ۲һң
ʮһ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ҶҲ̾ǴֱʣһƷǱˣôԺƷǲ
ھһȵľ֮󣬱һλ۶ʮҵĺߡ
ڶƷ̨ҶɫЩѿ


81 Ů
ֻһӣһŮɪɪ
ӱʱȫ̳һɧʱʦʱǴūи߼۹һūϸ
˵ţһԵŮӴ򿪣汻סֽŵŮ˳
û뵽ŮӿССģǷǳĸ޳ȣڳѪš
ֻʮģȴѾķǳã͹µΣ޳ȣʱ̨³̿ˮ
˾һͷɫĳ䣬Ȼǳ㲣˿β̬
λѾ˰ɣŮһȫͬ壬˻ĳ˷İ£һһͷɫĳشҶǵðɣһŮŶ
ʦһ˶Ц
쵰ҶһξʦͺᣬȻ˷磬̧Ůӵۡ
ˣĲ˵ˣλ۰ɣȥʲôŴҵ뷨ҶĶࡱ˵ʦһЦ
ļʮң
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
һһһϢļ۸
ףǸ˭ôһߵһ򣿡
׺İǵ۶ҵˣ
ߵ֪Сʲô
Щ𾪵ĿҶҶΪʲôһºôߵļ۸ѵŮӣ
ȫһӱóϾһҿһĿгۿһɫŮˣһһȷʵЩ
ҶΪ䶨ʱһмһɽ⵰ѣҲװ⣬ҳһһʮ򣡡
ʦʱΪϲԭΪĳʮѾǳ˲ˣû뵽һɫֱӳһ
ϲǣȻɫ
Ҫ֪ÿһƷ۵ģʦĳƷ˹ۣôͿõ൱
λѾһһʮˣûбһһʮߵģ
ҶЩüص˭ʶ𣡡
Ǹһ۵Ӧǵ۶ҵˣ
ҡҶһ㶣ļˣ˵ĿӦϳԼ
һٶʮҶƵ
һʮǸЩŭ
һʮҶޱľƣǸͷͷ·𻨵ǵǮһ㡣
ҶĶǳɣͺ񻨵ĲԼǮһȷʵûԼǮ
Ǳԥ˰죬û˵
ѵûбһʮߵʦ˳ں̨ʣ;Լеɵô˻ƨ˼Ӽˡ
һʮһΡæ
һʮΣ
һʮΣ
ɽ
Ҷﰵһ˵һʮ򣬾һǧҶҲҪ
Ҷ֪Ůһ˷簮˵ͬ壬ϸֵָʳָָͷָ΢ִǳŻɵģҶԲܼȡ
ҶԼȥǼǺƣ֧˽ңһż䣬ҶǸŮӡ
ȻǻȻţҶȫǿ־塣
Ҷ߹ȥ޽ָ˲ͭɫ΢΢һ޽ϳء
⿪ȥοһŮӣǱһ㿪ˡ
Ҷؼ𣡡
ؼңŮжʱ޵еˮջ䡣
ҶŮӵ֣֣صصңһؼңžۣ
ŮӱҶץס֣ʱһûѣĿ־Ҳʧˣĵ˵ͷ
ҽҶԽ㡱ҶЦ
Ůӵ˵ͷ
ʲô֣

ãԺͽԺ͸һɣ˸۸ġҶѷ
߰ɣǿʲôö˵ַ
ǻʱȫ˶ע⵽ǣΪͷɫ̫ˡ
ô˿ţһο䣬ź
ºҶﲻȤĶ
ƷгһѳǹʱҶʱǰһһɫǹ
һǹߣҲǻûģҶ֪һΣԣǹּ󣡡
ͨľɣﵽһǧǹľʹǹ˸еԣļʮң
ʮҶ붼ֱӿڵ
ϲǹĿǰǹѾ㲻ˡ
˵ʵǹ⣬һǴΪǹ̫ӲûһͶȣ޷ǹľ衣
ȥǿҵĵֵôԼҲҪܵ˵ǹĻܵ˳ɵķ֮
ǰҶһֱѺǹɹãϰ˼ǹ׺󣬲ŷǹѾʺԼˡ
Ҷǣ˰Ȼûһ˸Լۡ
ʵû˿ѳǹԭҪһΪ̫ţսϵʿõ
һȻǱĲϣû̷ģȻһϡ
ȥҪʦģһʧܣʮˮƯ˲˵ĵĲǮֹѶҪԼʵ̫
ҶɵľͽǹУȻۿƷ
ò˵ľƷ࣬±߹࣬۸ڽ
ҲʦֲƷ԰ϵļ۸ˡ
ڵһƷֵʱȫһƬ
ΪʦչֵһöȭͷĹƬӷǳĹϡ
ƷءʵҲʲôʦЩεĵ
ʵͿʼˣԼĶҲóôƳȥ
Ȼʦ˵̨֮һƬ˸ǲͷУԼ֪ĶҲ˼ǶǿӰ
̨һɧʦӲͷƤȻ֪һϵҲʲôҲ˵
ɣ·ߵʯͷϲϣô˵ʯͷҲ׹ءһЩѾʼˡ
ʦҲһӿˮԵһȺϰӣ˵ҪǷҪȫһˡ
ҪƷģʱҶƬô
ʱʦԾ֮˷ܵصŶʮģ
ʦԭԤʮļ۸ֱӺɶʮϣֵɽӵ
ҳʮҶƵ
ǲɵӰһʮ˸Ůˣֻʮϣ
ǰĹƬʲô
ʲôǻȥͷɡһ˳Ц
Ҷʼޱ飬ѾĿҪˡ
ΪǸƬǰð߷Ե󰵽ĹƬǳ
˵ûС󰵽ûнҶγΪʬˡ
һƵĹƬ֣Ҷܲ
ҶţʦϽ䴸ʱһͻأҳʮ򣡡


82 ҹɱ
Ҷʱһѭȥֻڽһȫڶˣ۸
˴ſĶ˿ƺʮӡ
ҶʱͷһƽƽƵһ򣡡
Ҳݰ
ǮյģֻҪ˸ۣӼۣ
Ǹӣ
Ȼû뵽ҶһӼô࣬ƺһһʮ򣡡
Ҷ˲Ҫôſ񣬵佾꣬ѻģ
ввȫڶԵģû˿óģ
ҶЩζЦǲſһ£ô֤أܲĳЩһͷ¶βĹһӰɣ
һʮҶƵ
λһʮг۸ߵ𣿡
ʦѾʼɳˣʵ˷ܵĲˡ
ãƬøˡ˷·ûѡá
ҶﵭһЦȴһƬ䣬ΪѾ֪˶ɱ˶ᱦ֮ġ
Ҷ˹Ƭ֮һƷҲ˳ҶǾȻǸСӡ
ʵҲǵһοʦɳƵźܶ˶˵û
ûǴ˵еĳʦЪ˹ĺ۹ֻбһӵУҲлӵҫıʲôļң
ȷʵǳϡУΪԽװȥǿ߲ġ
Ϊֻǿߣռ֮ٳһĿռ䣬Ĵڡ
ռָͬռָҪɾԴռ䣬ֻҪԼþͿռָ
ռָҪǹպͳѣȼΪ޹ء
ڿĳǹŴģϡѾܶûֹˡ
ҶҲǳۺ죬֪ۣԼ˵ʵãûв뾺
Ȼһ˸߹һˣǷ·˷
ٶʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
һȺӹԶ㣬ӳ򣡡
װʲô⣬ӳ򣡡
ʦϣ£ʵüֵرߵĳȻĵŰʮ
Ҷ벻ǣˣȻǸԼƬĶӡ
жҶߣ©һǣЦһ£ͳ˹ϯ
ҶҲûᣬŶŮУɫѾڡ
˼Ҿ¥˵㶫ȥ·һƬ΢ƧʱҶǻһĨЦ
תЦһ·ͣѵϻȥ𣿡
Сеŵѹָ˲һĳЦһŶ˳ڽֵϡ
Ҷʾŷ뿪Ŷӵ˵ˣô֤أǲմ
Сͷ򣬹ԹǸƬŮϣҿһȫʬɭɭĵ
ҶﲻмƲƲ조ҿǶ±ߴ̫ˣ첻⣬ȱ˰ɣ׳գ
Ȼ㲻֪Ҿͺȥ»ɡ˶ʱŭ
˵һһһ㣬ֱӶҶһ
Ҷʱ򣬳ѾҶĺ磬Ҷͷһÿٶȣ
Ҷ׼᳤һǹŶӵĿڴȥ
ֻҪҶһоа֮ڣȡҶ
û뵽ҶȻȻֱӸԼԼɱȫͷŲ
СӣӡӣջسܿҶĹ
СӣҲ
ӱܿҶĴΪɨӦ֮죬֮⡣
ܲһĽ
ӱȫǾ죬û뵽ֻʿΪ꣬Ȼôǿ
СӣҺܾȡӳ
СӣҲҺܾȡҶɫ
㾪ʲô
ҾȵǣֻȱƣȻȱƣȻһҶ
СӣܺãɹļŭңҪΪмܸ佫ǿ߽а壡
˵һһ佫ǿߵϢ˲ڣгһ磬Ҷ
Ҷɫأޱһǹӳ

һ죬ʮˣĶľʹ졣
˷ֿ󣬶һصĿŶԷ
ãСˣ벻㻹ʵôĿȥˡ˵ͻȻʧ
Ҷд󺧣ͻȻ΢΢һʹæһ㡣
ͣ
Ҷ󱳻һӣѪરણڵϡ
ҶһҪ
ҪҶһϺȡ
̫ˣȻƾǰʧԼǿҪǶ΢㣬Ҫˡ
ʱҲֻﲻκæҶ·ᵽϢ
Խʱ̣ҶԽ侲ȻһʹҶǹȥ
һһ˿ڣǹԷ½Ƕûεʧˡ
ۡҶҲһӡ
ۡҲơ
ʱҶޱ飬û©һ˿ţ˫Ŀ֮һž޲
ҳսǿսʵʵһУɱ˲һҪƾʵ
е޷ֱ
ʶô죬˵˾˻ҶЦ
֮ǰЦĳһ㣡
ҿɲôΪһ㡱Ҷ˵͵Һһǹӳ

ƾճ֣һǹɨɣˤɿ⡣
һŵĿҶⲻܣô֪ҵλõģ
֪ϧҲ㡱ҶϷʵĵ
㡭һɡ˵һʧˡ
Ҷǹһ˦
飡
пΣһǹؿϣʱһѪɳ
쵰дһɫó죬ͷ
ϢȸղžȻǿһȻһطǿмԼǱ
˲仮ӰҶһ󼱹Ҷʱæңƴгǹֵ
ԶȥֻҶﱻһŻΧƹƹ֮ڶ䡣
ۻңڰԾҪԼһҲӲ°ɡ
һ󼲷籩Ŀ񹥣תۼ͹ȥУҶеĺǹͬ糵һ㣬ˮ©
תۼ䣬Ҷѹһɣʱһ˲ͭɫ
һɿ񱩵ϢϯֵжʱһϣûӦһͭɫȭͷЯ֮ؿϡ
жʱؿݣͷ֮žʹӿһѪ
һѪأһתۣƴһ˿ԶӶݣٶ֮죬˼
Ҷ۾һУֹ⻪֣ʵĹâֵ
Ҷ乭һöҶ󣬴ʱǰѾ֮ĸ
ԭһֱЩľķʱף
ಣ
춯ѾĶУʸ̴һѪ꣬ԾǰʮɲһͷԵ


83 ʵ۵ķ
ӰĹ⻪ʧöҲɢ
һ΢紵ҶﳤƮݣ۸簵ҹɱһ㡣
ӣ˫֮ȫ֮ɫҶУͬһľס
Ҷǰڵϣַǰһֵڣˣ
ˣҶʱһ㶣æֽ
ôҲҡͷΣ֮ʣûбˣ˳ͷ
ⶼʲôʲôʱ˹ҲһԾĿһĻ
͵֮ˣ̵Ҫ֪ͼ˾㵱֮
ֻ˲ԹԸЩصղ˷õҼףȻ򣬻˴
ˣ˵ⲻ˵ʱҶЩͷĵ
ӵʬǰؿڵһ󶴣ϳء
ֽĽȡ£ʬһ£һСӣʱһϲڲʱ
еıҲȡ£Žӣǰǰһ飬ȷûκ©ŶŮ뿪ֳס
Ҷ뿪һӰĸ֣еʬԱߣĶ
һֻʮҵӳǰһѪͼʱʱͫһ
ֽʬʧԭء

ʹڣһԺɭϣһľУʵһ˻㱨
ǰֹҶʦսǿߣϹϾĻ㱨š
֮ϸһµϵʬ壬΢۾Żʵ۵ĳĬڵϢЩѹ֡
κ󣬻ʵ۾벻Ȫ·ɱ־Ȼ䣬Ӧ˻˴Ǯģڵĺӻǵ󣡡
ʵЩζ̾˿ǻһ˿Ϸʡ˶𣬾ͰˣɱҲ⣡
Щصص˹񣬹죬һ͵ϮҲп֣
Ȫ·ɱ֣óϮɱԽսҴɱɹʼߣʧ֣ǵļ۸ߵסʵ۵ͷ
Ǿôһսİɱ֣Ȼһʿɱ̫˼ˡ
΢֣ҪҪһֽţҪ˵΢ɰնûСҡҡͷ
Ҫ֪ߣܻɱ֣ҪɱأΪɱóľͻϮܡ
ҶʩչͭսȫһȭؿڣѾˣܼٷɶݣҪӰҲܳɹѡ
ҲԷƱҶɱкܶԭ򣡡
һ̫ˣһʼͰҶﵱһƥеĵˣôĽпܸı䣬ɱֵĴɣ
ڶһУ͸Զǧȴ´λᣬûôҶҪĶʹĴңѾʧȥɱֵ侲
̫˷罫ӰҶʹܵĻҲϾˣ
ƽʱһɱַһСʧ󣬾ͻٲô࣬͹ˡʵҡҡͷ
ôһ΢ʱéٿһĵ
ҶȷʵǸʿΪɱսؽһɳ죬ʵЩпĵ
һƾеĻλ֮Ϊļ룬ôʧ⣡
ôҪ΢ȥȰ˵һ𣿡Сĵ
ʧƽˣϾҶʵҲƻǧͳȥɣ
ǣ
ҿļһֻʣĸˣٱҶŪ군ˣ
ʱƨˣȴҪΪ񵥣ܾСǸߣ
Ȼǻβɫһ䣬ǳҶսͬʱҲʼ츳ڲһơ
ʵ۶ʱɫһ䡰Ѿжʮˣô˲һţҪǲһǾűΣգûʼΣ֮𣡡
΢΢޶ۣ½ʱϻ̳Ͽ֣亹ֱð
ȥɣıְҪˣС˼ֻԼɱ֮ʵۻӻ֡
ǡһ˳ȥ

صӸϣ
ԭ壬༫ԶжԶԼҲ˵
Ǳץ̵ʱѾһǰˣһʮֵܽá
ǾסһС䣬һ켯ʱһȺΧһžץסΡ
֮ǾͿʼˣọ́һδ󣬱ֱͬĵط
Ϊ֮ˣŮǳòܸ̹ϲΪ
ĴŭȺ˷Ӻ޵ҧгݣԷּΪͬ顣
Ȼڱ·ߣѾûκӡ󣬵ҶﻹǷǳˣҵһ˿
ѾҹˣæŷȥϢ֪ҡͷִҪҶ˯һ顣
Ҷ°ҵ档
ɵĿԼ󼱡ȻѾͻһһˣ壬ܵͷģ
ǲֻһл˾֮˵ץһѷˮź䡣
˶ʱһ벻ŮȻ˸ңҶһֶС
һ˿СѾ˷ѩ׵񾱣ֻ˵ƤѪ顣
ڽ׵ʯϣǶ˺ɫıʯһ㣬Ҷû͡
ŭʲô
ֻһǿ
˭˵Ҷʱл𷢲ղҪ΢һ㣬ʱķҪˣ붼һ¡
ˣеһж˵ģ˲ˣǲ䣬ɾǿĿҶ
Ҷʱһͷ󣬶ԱߣһЦݵĿҶ
ҶҲϴСˣͳ׵ĶǣһһҲνġЦ
ʱ˿ûһ˵Ů˲Ƹ͵λȻơ
ںţȻٹ̣ΪǺƽġ
ݺݵĵһۣҪ˵ϲǰŮǾˣҶܲķʽ
ðɣԸסһ𣬵ҵģʲôʲôΥҶ
ˣʲô˵ġʱĵĵ
ҶĻʱ˼˹Ȼûһö
ҶУһ˿ӣ뷨
ҶҲûͣ;ΣξͳʵŮ˵ۣԶ
УҶӲͷƤͳ䣬ƣͲܴ
ˣȥ̴Ǳץʱ򣬾Ѿ̹һЩѾ߸顣
ԺҪˣи硱ҶƵĵ
ԥһ¡˸磡
ҶһᣬŮ״ˡðɣðɣɣ
һöָҶһЦٺ٣ڸջʱˣ


84 Ӱ
ҶóǸСӣһ̽һԲʮҵĿռ䡣
滨ľӦоУһͻ԰һ㡣
ҶﲻɵֵֶΣֱǹĪ֮ܡ
һҶｫ뻳Уֽöָȡ
ϲķ֣ȻҲһǧɵĸ߼ռָɵҶڴ
൤ҩҶԵҩȤֱӺԡ
ؼ֮ʱҶʱͷ
ҶóһϱдšϢ
һдϲһϢʹ˸ӦԼΪ
Ǻöϻıر񼼣ֲһ˿оΪ
ⱾؼպãۿһҶͷһ𣬡Ӱ١
ǲҪԼĶս˵֣Ҷһ⼼ܣ½ļ֮ˡ
ʵ⼼ܣѸҶܾãֻǽϰˡ
Ҷڰ˻ĳǽɽ֮ʱɱһͷǣԴӳҶ
ֻҶûиκˣҲ˼߱ˣΪҶһ
ڶܹеĵһι󣬶еĽմȾҶѪƾζҶжϳĴλˡ
Ǿ˼ʵ飬ȷ󣬲ŷ𷴻һٽлɱ
⼼ܾǰôΪ֮
СķⱾؼϱߵּдģּǳѿ
Ҷﲻɵһ㶣ȿȥ֪ԭǶԼģϱ߻ⱾؼԴ
ԭ½ɱ֯Ȫ·䱾һɱ֡
һδɱżȻõһƬдϱߵӡǣ֪ϱ߼صġӰ١
˵õؼɽ֮УֱӰ١Сɺ󣬲ĳɽ
֮ͬѾ޵УʹǿߣҲһս֮㲻Ҳܹߡ
ս۹һܾݵ㣬һɱӵ񣬶ıǳķ
۶ͨĹ۲죬ִһֱĸ佫棬ûʲôֵĻᡣ
ɱֶǷǳĵģһֱĬĬȴᣬỹûȵǵȵ٤гʱлȡ
Ϊһ󣬾һԶĵطһԼСһš
ϾǷǳĶһݵԺһõõ
ϣ֮ûиҶƬֵע⣬ʱɱԽˡ
ǣҶɱԽˣνǳʦδ
ǰһ£ǽӰ١¼
Ƭļ¼һԵĴеߣ󣬾ͻɷƷ
ΪԼסԼķṦΰдΪ֮
Ҷǣֳ󻹼˵ƽ¼дιԵһ
ҶﰵҡͷҪģûôҪġ
˺ǰʮָֽ֮Уʣµĺ뱾ֱһ飬ۣӽͰ
һ£˳⣬Ȼа˼Ҷϲ
˻ĳǵУֻҶҶӵбûУһЩƽ
Ҷܲ˼ô౦Ӧòÿһˡ
⣬һﻹʮžҶϸһϱߵȻֲôﵽǧ֮ࡣ
һЩضһ·ɱԽŻôĲƸ߹ƾɱ֣δ׬ôࡣ
ֿһ飬涫ܶң˰죬ûٿԼҪĶ㽫ָ
Ժöָͽˣǿ
ɺ󣬷ѹȥ˴ʱҶŤŤ΢Щı۰򣬺Ȼſ˯ˡ
ʱǲǸղμʲô񾲵Ϲۡ
ҶһϧҪǰ仹һӣڸĸĹذУǵĳɳš
һĥʱѾ㲲òҵһܷĸ壬һθоȫ˷ĵ˯
ҶĽ𣬹ʵ̫˯ˣֱҶڴϣûѹ
ҶΪñӣһͷɫĳͷȻۣǵѾԳˡ
Ҷﲻ֪Ҫȥһ£ӯεӣҶͻȻ򣬼æת
Լޣ˼˲ңôڴʱռء
˼ԼƽͷĵϨܹ˯ĸһЩ
ҶٴӱߣóԼָеöƬгڴ
ϴԼõˡ󰵽֪ܵõʲôء
֮̽ƬʱһϢעҶԺ֮С
Ҷһ㶵ǣβǹҲսһͼ
ͼϻɽ壬һ·һжһ㣬ֻаء
ڰɽ·עһС㡣
ҶȷԼʶ۹ĵͼҲûУҶֻνͼԺ֮С
ȻöƬûиҶֱӵĺôҶﲻǸ̰ĵˡ
õ˳ռָ޶ҡؼҶѷǳ֪ˡ
ֱڵأʼϢ͡Ӱ١
˵ڶһ磬ҶﾭһҹĲ򣬻Ѿؼգȱľˡ
ϢһֶϢĿƣͨصзʽԼϢȫزʵ
Ӱ١͸࣬һַǳ۷ڵΧĿռûԼء
ҶոչһŲߵ
ҶŴ򿪣컻һɫȹվ⡣
Ҷͷ΢ңͨ죬ʱһ죬Ҳ֪ƣԼ£ѵͲһ˼С𣡡
Ҷﱻһ㶣ЩͷԣһʵЩԹȣʱȻ㶵˵
Ҷﲻ˵ΪԼˣЩ⣬ҪѵҶＸ䡣
ϵķһϿܹϻ̳ϿֵصˣԲ̺ϴ
Ļ··û˿ʱ֪Ҷˡ
÷ǳ˼һнҶʲôҲû˵תҲƵˡ
Ҷһ㶣򿪽УѾһϴˮëԼϴ
㽫ǰ
šɵëݸҶ˸羻棡
ҶûнӹëŷɫصмҪ˵
Ҷ˵֣أæ˸Ը
Ӧ֪ؼҵ·ܳ裬ĻˣһƵ£԰һҶ
һж˸ģ㶪Ҳһս׵ġһᶨĵ
ãǾ͹ͬŬʵܲҶ¸Ӧһ£Ϊֻӡ
ԺͲҪЩˣҵģӽ쿪ʼŬУֻʵǿˣܹң
˸ģ˭Ҫ˺˸磬Ҫ̤ҵʬ塱һϣ˾ỳĻ
ӦҶһϲʱ̱̺ţҶڡ
Сǳĵ˵Ʋף˵ԼȻȻӦˡ
ҶлóУһʱϲΪһŷİ档
ͻȻһȴʮ˽ҶķΧ


85 ټ
ֻʮŽСԺΧס乭ļͷź⣬Ҷˡ
һʮµ佫һĨ̸ףһĺȵҶȡʼص䣬
ȻһȺΧסҶɫһ䣬ٵǺˣȻӸҰ
Ҷֹ˵ӵλ磬ҪˣҲӦôĿŵֳŶԡ
Ҷһ뵽˴ӣ漴ƷԼղŵ뷨ӸԼǺϵܳԼ
ٶʱȻǰҲǰ׽õȰ㻹־ܰɣ
ʲô֤˵ǵأǹټҲǽ֤ҶЩʵ
ҵõƱ硱ŭȵ
Ҷ￴˿ϵĽУɵһЦһĻʱ
Ǵ͸µô˵ǲѴӷﰡҶ
ôѹңҲ¸㣬ҹ˽ӡģմŭѾˡЩмĵ
Ѿû˱ˣȰϿ־ܣɱۣ
ĻҶһû뵽һöģȻӶҪܵǣ
˿ڳˣôͲǴӵĸףʮа˾ӵĸס
еϵҶʱˣЩ˵Ŀġ
ʹﶫˣҲӦģӦǳǷ߽飬ôδЩúӶ˰ɡҶЦ
󵨵ĿҽƱ磬㻹Ͷֻýɱ׼һ
й˲׼Ҷˣֻһ£ɽɴ⬡
Ȼʮֻʸ׼Ƿ˿ûо£̤С벽ƣȻʱ壬ΪҶﵲסʸ
Ⱥ֣ҶʱΪֻԼֻҪת󰵽ȫǡ
£ǷУԼҲûаȫ£ʮͬʱļʸһֻ©롣
ǵʱ䣬ֱӺ
Ҷһصȷɱǣ
ǻһĨ壬ûҶ
й֣еĹ˲׼Ҷûһĺʱ
ҶȻһʧˣһ˲ֳˣֵֻһ˲䣬һˡ
ǶһûʧУΪҶŵĺȻǵ졪硣
ʱѾû˸ղŵĴݣȫǾʱ˿̵Ҷס˫أڰա
дڣ֮ǰͷ;СҶ
Ȼʿȴл佫ʵ
ŵʱֻЦһˣͷҥţ
ǺҲˣڸղţȻΪҶжʱҶܣһֱ
ɾˣȻǰһһֻĴ˲סԼĲӡ
һۻԪһӽԼȫȫʹ
ҶﰵĨһ亹ҪϵĿʩչһ˿Ӱ١½ҪԴˡ
һȦ׼ԼĹ֣磬ЦǿԷżˣиϳ˵İӣ
һȺ˶ʱɫͷͷ˼ﻹҷż
ҶǸ첻µزµļƣֻҪǸҷżҶ͸統ơ
㣬ҽٳֵ۹٣Ͳ𡱱ҶסѾɽɫ磬ѵĵ
·¹Ҷĵ
Ρҧ
Ҷüͷһ壬յԵͷ֮ʱͻȻһˡ
Ҷһ۱ϳֹԼǸʦսǿߡ
ȷǿߣóһöƣŹֺȵ
ȺּöƵһ˲䣬ʱ󾪣æպãһԡ
Ҷ˴˰ɣҪ㣡
Ҷ˵ͷɿ硣
һҶƣĽƶʱ˿ǰǶָҶСӡ
飡
û˵꣬ҶһС˵ɳȥײʮһŴ
ǿôʱΪأشȻ£һС̼ͤѹ
ײֹüԶͣ£۷׻˹ȥ
˶ĿɿڴһУֳһҲûܶ˶ѵһ¿ˮ
ϵǣǿߣû˿һƽϢƵص𣿺˵Ļ߰ɣ
ϲˣ߰ɡҶ֣һ΢Сһ㣬ɵĵ
ӸѾȫˣҶѷҲߣԴ˾ǿߣװû
˴ţһʻ룬һ·ҶﶼûһڴӸϵˣҲû
תתһլԺûеʹҶЩ⡣
ǿߣڽҶ͵תȥˡ
լһѾߣŶ˽һ侫ᣬҶŶ롣
ֻڷǳԼǽϹ˼ֻϰһ˶Ĳ輸
Ź⻪ƤһòŮһλ衣
ҶŮʱͷרĵĵ裬΢΢ĽëĳǳĽš
Ҷϸһλӣŷǳͨ͸ƽһ
üëִ󣬱ͦͷԿȻֻʮ꣬ȴһּȳȵĸо
ʵۣҶʵ
˵ͷ
һᡱҶ΢һȭ
ԭרĵ裬ͻȻһβˮڲ輸ϡ
ʱһæó־á
ȷʵһᣬʵ΢΢һЦָŲ輸һߵ
ҶҲŷһ¡
ʵۿ˷һۣһ˿䣬ܿͻָƽһݸҶô
Ҷӹ豭һڣʱһ㲼֮䣬븹УȻܹС
Ҷ֪ȻһַǳĲҶҶûʲôоЦǺò裬ܾûкȾʹ죡
ΪΣʵЩĵôǵһ˸ô۵ġ
һָ߹ݳƷҵƽƷٺõĲ裬һ˷ѣ
أͲһˣǵ࣬Ƿ䣬ܺϼڣ
ϲѣһԺȣָ۵أԼ˵Ļ˵ʹﻰ˵ˣԼϹ
ʵû˵ţ֪Ҷﻹġ
ȾƻͷԻȲֻ˸ѣȥ˼ȥ㣬ȥƿأ
СɽҰ֮ˣٺõĲ裬Ҳʺңȵֻζ
Ҷｲ꣬ʵ΢΢һЦصʵ࣬ҲģƷҲһֻҪȥϰߣһϲζģ
ҶҡҡͷСһɽҰӦôŵ赱еϸڣСͷʹˣ
ĲΪ͢Чʵü
ˡѴҶͷ
ƭȡ͢صеģ浱޲ɱ𣿡ʵ۶ʱմŭһʵƲ䡣


86 ĵ
Ʒǳ⣬ȲɱҲǿߵѹһֻλߵϢ
һ˼һ־η
ʵͷųϢʱɫ԰ףȫǾη
ҶɵģŲˮЩĵĿ
Ҷ˿ԼƵӰ죬Ҳǰ죬ϵŭ˿䡣
㻹ǰջȥɣҵѸоܲҶﵭĵ
ʵҡҡͷİ˻ȥЩεص˷Ȼ˵ûһѱʯͷ
ʵջƣѹһɣʱһмĿҶһۡ
Ҷһ㶡ô˵ҵأ
죬Ǿһκ¡ʵЩӵĿ˷һۡ
Ҷ΢ʱЦ
ŮȻףҶЦʲôһơ
벻Ծ֮𣬾Ȼ׷Ů塱ҶЦ
ʵۺ񱻴ʹһƽʱĹž޲ŭӰ⣬뵱Ըò书ݱʤ˷Զӣƫƫ˼˷ģ
Ҷϸһ£ͷȷʵ˧۱˦ʮǧ֪Ϊʲô޷Ӱ̵ķ𣿡
ѵ㶮ʵ΢Цһ£Ȼš
Ȼʵ򵥵ĵ͸ȾƺȲһҶƵĵ
ʵĵΪҶһˮҲԼһЦԸ꣡
ԱߵӾõ۹裬ҪǴȥԻһȺ˵ģҶɺ⡣
ЦȲαȾƵֱʣղΪЧȴû֮ң
ϰΧˣڿ˼Ħ˼¶ԼԸܳԿȱֱ˵
еʵƷһڲ裬΢΢һЦ
о̫ӣŲԼҫȥ׷ϲչʾԼϣ㣬ȡ㣡
ʵۿĲ豭ĬĬû˵
һ㣬ҲҪһ㣬ûİӰ̣ȴȫͬӰʤԼԸΪӰ̸һУԼ
㣬УΪԼνףע¶į
ĺһ˵ô࣬Ͳ߳ŭɱ㣿
£Ϊ㲻ᡣǻʵۣ˵ȳ˸ܹͣҲΣ
Ƿ˴һ飬϶һѣôõӣ㲻Ե޹ġҶ
ڵı֣ҸовⲻһӦеı֡ʵۿҶ·Ҫֱӿ͸ġ
Ҷ˿۾ЦǸղǾ仰ҲϲȲ裬ֻϲȾƣ
ã޽ǲУʶʲôӢۣ´۶֮ʱ޸ھƽӷ硱ʵ۴Ц
Сл¡ҶЦĵ
ҶŶŮصס֮ʱӸϣѾָģһЩѾҲ˻
Ҷһ侲ңҪʼоַġ

Ҷߺ󣬻ʵĬĬı۾˺һŻҶﻹǸȷʵСˣ
Ҷǿߣ˽ȷʵһϵ磬ǰɱɱ֣ҲżȻ
ϧ˲ΪãʮڱȻڴʵЩϧĵ
ȥּ⣬ɣҶޱȣݵĿͱˣֻû뵽Ȼ˵ˣ㻵޵ļƻ
ʵ۳Ƭ̵ּҶΪ쿪ʼѸ£
£ԹΪ򣬿ףѿģ
ϾԹŷǾ͵֮ڣضȻ󲨡
Ҫ֪е۹б׼ģ˴֮⣬ҪﵽʵС
˷һľλǰ˻ĺҲһҪƥʵС
޷ֻһûأûʵȨ£Ҷһֶζѣȥɡʵ۵ĵ
ߺ󣬻ʵǰĲߣ̾˿װ

Ҷңû˴Լ㽫űӡóϸۿ
ĺܸӣϸһе񻨵״е̫
Ҷϸоһ㿪ʼƣ·ǳӡ
Ҷھʮʧ֮󣬳ɹĻƳһö
Ҷöģ֮̽УĬĬĸ
ȻһС͵̻һ㣬ĬĬؼ
Ϊû壬յƵʷǳϸСҶǿ󣬸Ӧ
Ҷȥʮͨĵ¯ٴλʱѾʼ׼ġ
ľǽϣҶﲻɵЩϾԼǳʵ顣
۾ƽһԼ̬Լ侲Ȼ˫ֽӡ
üĳһ͵ֽУϱߵķģ֮һһ㣬Ư
Ҷת֮ӡǰĵ¯Ĵ¯֮ʱ¯΢΢һ
ͨ巢⣬ʼģҶСʹ֮֮͸¯֮ϡ
Ḻ́Ҫ֮͸һ˿©ڼ֮ʱ١
ʱҶọ̈̄ǰ¯Ҷ￴һۡ
ҧһ֤ɹʱˣһע뵤¯
ž
һ죬¯ķѡ
Ҷüͷ˰죬һµ¯ѵĺۼһԼղʱĳ
κ󣬼ʼƷģһһʮš顱
һĻɺһǿϢܿƵɢ
ͬʱһҶæչӣԼԭֹ֣֮Ȼʼת
Ҷ΢΢һЦ֪䣬ԼѾһˣȻ档
ڵѾϰһЩżˣֻȷţǰиҪҪ
첻ˣҶʧ˾ŴԺ󣬳ɹĽ顱ڵ¯֮ϡ
ҶｫȫΪʱӻˣȻʵ۹Ѻп֮ӣҶԴӵӡǺܺõġ
ϴΪҶһʢĻ;ƻᣬӸ״κȵ
ڶһ磬ҶŶŮ뿪˵۶ѧԺ
ճ󣬷ܵĻʱһ
Ҷﾪȵķ֣һЩķʱ䣬ڻָŮӦе黳
˸磬ϲϢСҶĸ첲˵ؽе
ȿȣɲ£ǽѧԺǧܳƺΪˣᱻģǾֵûسˣԺͽҸɣ
ҶƭĵϾҪǱ֪ԼȻһСŮūûȥˡ
ԥ˰ΣҪڵʱҽ磬ûҾͽ˸磡
ðɣҶ㲻˳ƺôôִš
ѧԺҪȥ㣬Ҷ֪Ҫȥ㱨ˣҲƣԺʿűɡ
ҶŷսСԺһǺ찡ϴڻ


87 عѧԺ
һǺĽϷɱ˽Ҫ˵Щʲôһͷķʱ˵
Ϸ۾ɵĸƵģҶûһš
ϷɶʱװһӣŷһϹСϷɣʹ﷼
磬ôоˡС˵
ǲΪͲǡҶͷ
ϴô˵СܺİһлǸϴѧ𣿡ϷƵĵ
ˣˣˣԺǵ³ԱһҴȥǼǣŪԷҶûĵ
ȥ诱Ƕһ¸˵
ϴȥϷɴӦһɿ뿪С¥
ҶϸһС¥ռԼһĶ㣬ֶʮ䣬ÿŨ
ѾɨĸɸɾĳЩطոµĺۼװ޹
Ҷа̾ϷɵһһĹܼңʲô½ƯƯġ
˷֮ҶŷԷרűϽʮҵѧѺ쵽֤ŷ뿪ˡ
صסҶ诣ҶһҶӵܺ͹żöѾˡ
ҶѾʿһΪҶǳľȡ
ϸһˣҵΪ˼ż÷׷׽ʿϢйһǸոͻơ
ҶˣҶƽ߰⣬Ѿȫ߾졣
Ҷһ֣һ׹⣬ɿĴҶļͷʹıҶĲӣͷͣĲҶ͡
СһίĿҶҶ诸֪ҶҶ뿪⼸죬СһﾫܲҲϳԡ
Ҷ۵Сһͷο˺þãСһҶĻ˯ȥˡ
ٺСһҶŴҵټǸҽһλ³Ա
˵ŻλǷԺǰ˻ĳµһԱˣ
ҴкҶЦŶԷ
󡭡ҺáȻǳϰֳ档
ã㳤ĺƯҶһ̾
ǰͷôɫأúÿҶҵŮӿʼʼˡ
ֻŵĲ˵Ҷｫϸ˵һ£ʱǵͬ顣
£ԺǾǽˣӽ͸һ˯ɣҲиҶŷֵ
ҪҪһ˯ġһĵ
ȫŮʱɴ۾ЩŵĿҶ
Ϸɸǽŵ󣬼ҪʮŴȫ¶һĳݣ۶Сǡ
Ҷû뵽˵ĺúõģôͻȻ˯ȥˣʱ߷
˷ĻҶ诶ʱһһ˿Ȼ
粻Ǹ˵ԺҶҪŬҪֿסģȻû취ͻؼҵġҶæ˵
Ϊʲôסһ𣿡⡣
ΪʱܱţЧʲŻߡҶ͵
ǽղŻҪҸסһأɻ
ΪǶŮģᵢһһŮĻᡮ߻ħġҶ
ŶǺðɡЩίĵ
ףСӣԭҶҶˡ
Ҷ诶ʱһ죬ŷ˵
ҶɤӵѾϷɵŬ£װһ£Ժ󶼿ҪлϷɣ
ҶͷҲ׷ϷɹƣϷû뵽ҶôС鶼ܼǵĲЩжЩӵĿ۶ֵˡ
ϷɺٺһЦⶼϴĹͣСֻȶѣʵ±ߵ˸ɵģ
ҶϷɵļֵˣԺҲһסɣҲиӦ
ģ̫ˣҾͿʱʱ̿ϴ̻ˡϷ۷Ź⣬ʱĵĴЦ
ƨĵҲ̫ˣһЦ
ҶÿһöռָЩҶڵ۶ʱġ
õռָݳƷʱ˵Ĳˣ俴ȻʮɷԲĿռʱǼ˵
⼸öָҲ˰Ľңռָ߱رĶԲʵ̫СˣԸɴһȫ˺õġ
Ҷ诵Ŀռָ˲һǧɷԲĿռ䲻˵ˣ⻹кܶණ
俴ҶԼصʳʱһҸ޵ĸо
˶ֺ˶Ҷ￪ĵصѵôһǾһȥһɣҺúĥһ£ԺŶҲĶ࣡
ҶȻӦ׷׻ȥ׼Ϊǻкܶණᣬûȥ˿ռָٶҲˡ
ҶҶ说ȥ۱ѡһֵһʱ󣬶żϡ
ҶѯһϷɣԼߺѧԺЩʲô
ϷɻشЩƽʦϵĸֶڱչأʿĵһѾ
ˣҶˡҹ꺮Ѿ⣬Ѿʿ۷Ϊ
ҹ꺮ѾѧԺŵѸǹҶ
ΪȻڱ̨ϣлһλʦǿߡ
ҹ꺮ϷҲ壬ϾһǱţίʵĽ
ͨϷҶﻹ˽⵽ʿλѾʵ¡
ӵкĽĹѩҲѾʿλá
Ƶģҹ꺮ʵǹѩǵΪʿ죬ʱпͻʦ
ʿǰ塢ǰʮǰʮ棬ҶΪ͵ġ
ҶҲû취ȷʵûʱڽ֯һҪչˣϾʱ䲻ˡ
֯һҶҲĿģЩԿˣšһԼڵʱҲܹͬһЩΣա
ĻҶͿԷĵԼ飬Ͼʱʱ̵̿չǡ
ϷĴ洦ʷȸʱʷȸѾȫָҸˡ
ϢѾﵽ۷壬ʱпܽĽס
ҶϷĿɿڴУʷȸսֱŶȥ
˶֮󣬼ҶѾ룬ҶѳҶ诣Ҷһ㶣һʱһ
һһʷȸӴǰ
⡭ǡҶ说û˵
гƽʱ԰ս͵ʱλˣԺ۸˭۸˭ҶЦ
ˣǳɣ
һȺʷȸıϣһ紵ʷȸԶȥ
һ·ϿִѧԱ֪ǲǱҶѹ̫ԭǵĵ࣬ձѵ˺ܶࡣ
ǰ˼ҶһʷȸĽ䣬߹һɽͷ
ɽڣʮѧԱΧһꡣ
ǸʮǱͷ棬𲻿ϸһĿӣ·һȳһա
ѩ壬Ҳн찡㲻Ͷ룬ҿ㻹ӡһ˼е
ѩ䱰΢Ҳ壬ұҶ磬붼룬ҪҵɣǷüͷѩ
ĻҶʱͷһů


88 
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ЩǵӣȻͷ֮Ҷʱŵûɢ
ħĴǵʱجг֡
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ҶûˣߵѩǰԼپʮŽݣ꣬Ҷﲻп
ԭΪ˱ߺԺȻͬİ·ԡ
ȻҶˣرȻǳĲ
ϴθǸԼһˣȾ˵ЦԼҵӣȻҶ
ȻҶû˵ʲôＫΪѹʱûѩ壬
ѩ壬֪˾Ȼѳ˼壬һֱܵǵѹȣнĲҾ
ҶӦһϢѧԺʱʿ죬죬һֱżû
ѩļҶصصģҶֵܣ
ڼҶʱѩĵͷҶ˵仰
ѩüͷĺӣ̼˫ͨ죬ʵҶ磬СܶԲ㣬վߣѩΪңվүߣΪ壬ѩֻ
˻ĳˣһݣ벻ƽʱ˵ѩ壬Ȼ塣
һССߣһ뿪壬ǿʳĵطֻ
ˣֵܣ˵ˣӭؼҡҶϵĵ
ؼңһлؼҵһ죿ллҶ硱˵ЩǿĺӶʱڵϣҶĴȴޡ
Ҷֽѩ߳жҪСŮ̬֮ܵЩ㽫ֻкôûл
ҵҶңҲ裬еĽ졣һ磬Զ޷ɲ
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Ϸɣ˼һСಫܹ˴ݣԼȫ˷̲ˡ
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Ҫʱһɲɵڱϼʸβ
ƻıһǳĲλǳͣʸѾһС
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ҶĶΧռ׷׷ǡ·ʲôһ㡣
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ȭཻҶԭزҹ꺮ʮһЩѪ
Ҷ˿ȫǾôԵסҵĽ⣬Ҫ֪ͨıҲסҵĽ
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ҶĻҹ꺮һ˿򣬳Ĭһµҹ꺮Ժ׷ˣ


90 ֻش
պҶѵ״̬һ߼ʵң׼ȫĵĽ顣
˻ĳǵʵѧԺǰǿҹ꺮ļ룬ҶǿԷıչˡ
ոСͻȻҶĻ˳Ҷļϡ
Ҷ簮СһԴ࣬Сһľ״Բ̫ãѾʼôԶˡ
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ϸС꣬ȻУ֪ʱʼˮ
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ĽСһһߣҪԼҡ
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ҶһЩɿݵָСһıϣһ룬ġ
ŷıСһϷ·ɺԵũ̰
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ҽ޲ߣԭ޷ȵĵͨоȥ˭Ҳûô΢Ŀơ
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Ҷתң˻ֺ󣬳˴ãճ˼ʱһ̣


91 ؾ
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ҶȻѱȴһ÷ִ֮ˣһ˿֪ͣʦǰʮѾʲôΪ
˵Ѿʦ۷壬Ѿֻ̤佫ҶˬشȴЩɻ
֪ʦͣôãΪβͻ佫𣿡
Ҷһ㶡ѵͼı
һ͸ЦһֱڵȴؾĿ
ؾҶЩɻ
˷粢ûнؾ㣬СӻͦģǾ㽲һ°ɡӵ
ԭ۹һѨǰͱ˷Ȼһ
ͨһصľأΪؾȻػأͨߣõΪĽĵرйؼ
˲²⣬ϹʱڣĳɵĴ֮ء
һϢʱ˸ķΪؾĹȨһֱɱѪɺӣʼǿ߶˽
Ҷʧأȥǰ취ǴԺ͡
ǩԼÿ꣬ͬһؾÿʮӲμӡ
ؾԼĹΪʦ²Уʦ޷ͽȥ
Ȼڽؾ֮ôͻƣƣʱҲӰ졣
ʶʦϵˣΪʦ۷壬㲻ͻƣһֱԼĸľ
ҶˣѹѧԺʱƣѧԺôһ佫ѧԱûء
Ҷһµ֪ľʲôʱ򵽵ʦ۷壡
ǰ
ҶʱһΪһؾ˷ʱ䣬һֵ𣿡
ǺǣȻֵãؾϹʱһɵ֮ءõĻĵر߼ҩпܻõؽؼպһɳ첻ڻ¡Ц
Ҹ㣬½ĵؽ׹ȫǴؾģǳƽ٣½˴У
ƽ٣Ҷ˺˵Ĵ٣֪ǲһʲô
ҶѧѾؾ£֪ԺѧкηԸ
ǸкԺؾеõʲôĵرѧԺȡֺֻǵõؼϣܹѧԺӡһݣ
ѧԺҲռˣͬ׹ӡһΣӵ
Ժ̫ƵҶˣҶʦǣѸ㵽ɡҶЦ
޷ʮʵģʮһǰʮʸ룬ԤؾǺܴһϲӵ
ðɣǾͳԣѧŬġҶͷ
ԺҶصסһȺ˲ûϳҶ
ҶݳһѹͷӣҶ诺ͷͬʱ۵ĵ
Ҷæο˴һ˵ԼϾͻָҽؾ˵һ¡
̶˷ǧѷĺûᰡ׷ױʾҪŬ
ҹ꺮Ƿǳ򾲣ʲôû˵ɱĿ
Ҷɨһڳ˵Ϊҹ꺮֮ڣѾʦ졣
ҶҲѾͻƣΪһʦҶһϢǳʵŷ
ҶƵķ֣ԭȵ׵ѩ壬ҲѾʿˣ˿Ҷʵĵ׵ġ
Ҷ׼ʼ֮ǰҶһ٣ռָı۵⣬һξ͸ɵٶ
֮Ҷָ˺ܶ࣬ѾˣϵҲܿӯ
ǰסȥ·ǰֹ
Ҷһˣûֱӽ档
˱һɴƵĲûˤͷҪ󺰣洫һŵүеǻ֣
һ㶣ǻôôϤ


92 
ҶһԽ˶ʮķãһ㣬֡
ңڵϣȫ漤ֱϵģʽʼ
ıҶΪ͵족Ϊ컯˼
ֻģҶﲻҸʹãΪ̫죬ϣ¸ȡ
ҶѾһεˣǸû취ȡ
͵תȫ··СͺڶڲͣΧҶĵ
ҶڵѾ󣬶תڵˮһԪۿɼٶ
ʮһμţҶ֮ʱѾӵʿﵽ˾˵ʿ۷塣
ҶڵԪγһֱʮ׵ˮء
˵ҶȫԪ߶սҲõԪˡ
Ѿʼˣʮ󽫻ѡȡǰʮؾʸơ
ȫѧԺ˶ˣǫ̈̄ÿ춼мʮıС
˻ĳǵҲ׷׿ʼսȡõΣҶҲû˵ʲôֻעⰲȫ
ҶûȥһʵңҶķЩͬ
ҲϴҶﴴ조͵족ʱһ뵽һҶ﷢ġѡġ
ԭ͵족ĵԭպ෴ѡɢҶԹͨıѷģ൱ʿһ
ҶҪԣѡģϣʲôЧ
ŬҶڽʮˡѡġ
ҶųƷ뿪ѧԺɽУһɽͷһʯ
ʮɵľ룬һѳɽȥɽһɲǣҶ֮ѡġ
飡
ɽͷը˰ߣɳʯܼ䡣
Ҷﲻһþ˵¾佫ըϣҲһ˰ɡ
Ҷһϲɱﵰ벻磬ԼȻTNT
ƽİѾôˣҪñĻըʲôЧ
ڽָһ£ҶֻʣѱˣһԼõĺǹ
һǹǹҶ᲻ãͷҸʵķȥȻΪԼǿ
ǹԼôʱ䣬²ٹͣҲ᲻ãҡҡͷԺ˵ɡ
ҶصѧԺԺģһߴʯƣϱʮ֡
£΢һ£ְ˻ĳҹ꺮Ҷ诡ѩ嶼ڰϡ
ҹ꺮ߣҶʮֻʿѩȻʮߣСѾĳˡ
һµһľڶ췲Ҷﻹڵʮλÿ°ס
벻˾ȻҲﵽʦ۷壬ҶԤϡ
ʮߵλÿʵʮһλÿ˹ѩ֡
¿һ飬ûϤҡҡͷĲһļҰ
Ҷ̨ѾЩı䣬̨ıϣһʮӡ
ÿϣһţպһʮ
Ҷ˽⵽ÿĸʱǴʱ䣬ѧԱԸԼʵϵѧԱսӮ˾ͿȡԷλá
Ѿȥ˰죬Ҳ˰ѧԱʵǰʮûʲôսġ
Ҷﵽʱ򣬸ոͻʦϷɣսʮŵλãκʵ˼ңǱı̨
ҶﵽʱɥҶ߿ϴ󰡣ˣСܱ۸ˣҪСһسӰ
Ҷһȥûȥ
𰡣ϴҿСܰұ۸ˣϴҲ޹ⰡеǴҲ˰Ϸίĵ
Ҷţؼ̫࣬ʵڲ֡
Ϸʲôã㣬ջһ̫ˣƾ츳Բȱ˲ġ
ϧһĲˣ椣ǲġ
һϣûиŵģʲô˵ʲôӡ
ұ죬Ҫن£ҾͰӵ̨ȥսʵҶҧ
Ϸɶʱһ飬Ͻ졣
Ҷ̨ȥĳȫľ
ʧ˺ܾõħˣ
֪ս˭
ڵϢʿ۷壬ƻЩ͵İɣ
㶮ʲôҶʿͽʦɱҶʵжϵģһҶĳߵ
Ҷ̨󣬼˶ҶкҶ΢΢ͷ
۾ϯλɨɨտʮϯΪǵһӡ
ˣɣ
ҶĽֻӲͷƤ̨ԶԶĶҶ˼ơ
Ųһʼ
Ҷֱӳ嵽ǰһȭҹȥǵӣʱȫһ
˫̫һȭͱ̨
һУͽһʦɻ̨治ҵż񣡡
ħȻ鴫
治֪Ҫóȫʵŵڼ
Ҷʮλʵ˸ƣʵ˸İۡ
Ҷո£ľ˼ΪĿҶ
ҶҲһ㶣ǱȭЦľ֣þò
ǺǣǺþòǺ˵λҲսġľЦ
ã
뿪λпһҲû˵ϾλãѾû˸սˣҲͼװû
ţľЩصصҶֵѾ֪ؾˣΪҶֵһ£
ľ뽲ֻҪҶܰ쵽ıضѣ
Ҷֵܹؾûչһľ
Ҷһ㶣մҵĹϵľᣬҶҲʵġ
Ȼľ֣صȻԭѵؾʲôè岻ɣ
è嵹ûУˣûκԼɱԽǼҳ㷹ľصĵ
ҲͬСģҵģؾ󣬴Ҷ͵ͬĵط治ǿħޣи壬ÿؼаϵ棡
Ҷﻹǵһ˵ЩɵΪҶ诵ģҶ请λᣬҶ诿»źһҶᵽľĿġ
ľַİɣֻҪС;ԲµġҶͷ
ã仰ҾͷˡҶĴ𸴣ľһһؾڵļ׵ͼ¼һЩΣյķλȥԿһ£ӦЩ
ҶӹᡰǾͶлľˣ
Ȼҵʱ̣ĶǺʮλá
ʮλãһ춼ҪʮΣҶǣһͷķʿΪȻʮ
ȻƾƮݵĪļڶΪ̨ϣȻʦεĺסԼλá
ĵҶһЦʱѧԱǵļʡ
찡ѧԺʲôʱһŮ񰡣Ҷ֪̫ʧˣ
ҿӣħϤħҲ˵ħǣעŮûʲôˣ
۷׷֮ʣӵ쳹ȫǰʮߣ缯ϣǰؾ


 ۰


93 Ĺ
峿ѧԺǰǰʮѧԱȫۼһ
ܶ˶ѣЩΪ˵ȴؾĿ˷˲ʱ䣬ͬľĵȴΪһ̡
˶ˣʱ仹δԺҲûֳѾʼ׷ۣЩ˸ؾʲô
ҶҶ诡ѩ弸һ𣬶ڵ˵Żҹ꺮һԱĿһﲻ
ԭҶЩҶ诣гͿԽʷȸؾ
ʷȸѾ۷壬ʱԽĽףһĽħҶ诣Ų̫ա
οҶ诵ʵҲڵõҶѾϰһ׸߼ˮϵսҲ
ƻսʱʹõˣѾˣʱֻһƤëѣһ˶δȫޡ
ˣܹʿΪƿħ޵ķɱѾ൱ɹˡ
ҹ꺮Ѿʦˣʦ֮УѾܵסһ
ѩȻΪһЩĵ⣬ȫԽս
ҶĵǷȻ죬类˽Ļɺܴв
Ҷ͸¶ԼСڴȻг󣬶Ȼ׺ޱȣľĵطû͵Ϯǡ
̫Сᱻ˲
͸¶һˣ֣Ҷﲻõġ
ҶＸ˵˽֮ʣ°Ľ׵Ķ˺ܶ˵ע⣬׷߿
ĽԼҶһ㶣°ԴӽѧԺ֮һֱǳ͵ڹڳ¶档
Ȼ֪һԼ⼫Ϊ˱ַȣЦſҶ﷢ԼҲʼЩαˡ
л˵ɣҪȻؾ󣬿û˵ˡ°׿Ҷﲻ̲ĵ
Ҷû˵ȴġ
Ȼ°׼ǰûʰ㣬Ϊ˵ᣬһؾ㿴ߵһһǰ
ѩŭҪҶһֹĽ׵ıݡ
ѽֵܵͷ֮ޣңѵͲ˵ʲô𣿡°ĵ
ҶЦЦ֡׳գ
Ǻǣ㻹ǲʶֻ֡°ײ
Ҷһ£΢ص׳գ
ڣ
Զһֱעߵʵʱ̲סЦ˳ΧҲЦⰻȻ
Ǻǣھ;ѿ֮ɣʱһڵҵģȻЦѾȫβסԼеķŭ
׳աҶﵭĵ
㡭쵰°̲סŭ緢
°ףһͺȣ췲д
°˺ǿŭ⣬Ҷ޺޵صͺúʱɣ
תص췲ߡ
췲ЩͳŭΪҪҶ㲻֪˷ǵļƻв𣡡
磬̫Сˣǵļƻ޷죬̫СˡҾǿҶҪǰ⼸죬Ҫĵ°ײΪȻĵ
СΪϣڿʼ뿪Ұ벽֦ڣؾҶͽȥɱĽ췲
ģã磬ġ°׶ʱϲ
ֻ˲ʱҶ΢΢һ̣ﻮһ˿⡣
Щ˻ǲ԰ȻˣҾˣȥͶ̥ɡ
Ȼ֪ǵļƻʲô¼ֵô̵ˣȻǰų󻰣Ȼмš
Ҷ﷭ľľᣬǵͼǳļªϱط˺ɫãζǾأ򲻿ɽ롣
ãϱ߻˼Сģ˵ǿħްء
ֻϱ߱ǵĵطŵͼİٷ֮һЩհ׵ĵطһЩδ֪
ᷭҶ﷢ֺҲּϸһ£Ȼǽͽؾ
Ĵ۹ߴš
Ĵ۹ֱǣ۹ڴ۹۹ʯ۹
ߴŰšƹȡ񻪹綴
񻪹֣ҶԺжʱǽ崿ףһȡ
һǹЦݣȴһ˿αףҲͬʱҶԺС
ҶһüҲҲ뵽¼ӵ֧ߡ
ʱ¼ҺпܻؾУӻغϣʱٶԸԼȷʵлɱһŵʵ
Ҷǻһ˿ǲھԵʵǰһжЦ
Ҷģڰ˻ĳǳļƻ˻һͷϻԼ
ҶͷʲôıûʵҪҶѾȥƱˡ
ھȻƵԼͷϣҶʱһЦ綼Ķˣǻɱ
ȻӰһԺѾڴǰ
ȫʱźܶ۾˷ܵ꣬ӿڵؾĿһ컯ϣ컯ԶŷգԽ컯վԽ󣡡
ǴڽؾҲֻһܹŻҲ١˵ӵЩͳ
±ߵѧԱǣղŸǵʱȴ࣬Ȼ֪ؾʻܸߣû뵽Ժ˵֮ߡ
Ȼٻһ棬Ҷߵˣһ˿Ȼ
棬ǲҪӦħޣ壬ΣյĻߣ
ؾûκιԴɱ˶ᱦǼҳ㷹ҸݵƶЭ飬ؾڵĶԹ粻ò֣
Ҷ۾һЭð
˳ü̾˿
Ժ꣬ÿζô໳꣬ؾΪء
ֳûһҪ˳һᶨĿԺ
̾˿ȻˣϷȰǣؾһΪأûˣõٺõıҲˮһգ

һȺȫ˴󣬼ʯ˸ռһ󲨶Ҷ˳һĵط
Ҷ̧ͷܿȥֻ滷ɽԼվڵĴڰɽ
Ծ˹ĶʮĴɽӲڿһ֣޽
ǰһ˶ɽһֱļ̳
̳ΧѾۼ˺üˣҶ˵ʱܶ˶עĿ
һˣΪǿңʱĿдԵɱ⡣
ľȺˣڴ۹ˣǸ𣬼ؾһ
Ҷһ죬Ϊ֣ԷʮУȻʮȫʦ۷塣
ʣµļҲʦ죬Ϊѹһͷ
ҶɻʵǵʵôôǿȻôʦ۷壡
ҶƣҪǰʵĻڴ۹һǳǿŶԣͲᱻ˷ɱĽп죬һߵˡ
ľҲһأҡͷǰûôǿģʵ£йŹ֣ҪСˣ
ʱڴ۹Уһ׳˶ĺӶҶ˵ǣүүؾɱһʣ


94 ǰ
ѧԺԣ˲䶼ɫһȻ˵ڴ۹жԣ⻹ûؾأͿʼ˳ơ
ǼԺû˵δֻ°ŭ
ڴ۹֮˵ƣʱĹע׷˽
кϷˣڴ۹۹ͷˣ
ڴ۹ʵôôǿ
۹ҪԴˣŪҪȫû
ڴ۹Ӽˣû˵ӷĴЦߵǰǾ;ǰʱɣؾǻӣ֪ʲô
˵껰۾޼ɵģɨŮȫа֮⡣
Ҷüͷһ壬źߺѩ壡
ڡѩӦ
ҿˣ
ǣ磡
ѩ߳Ⱥ۹ȥ
ӼľȻһʿʱΪ
мص۹ȻûϣˣؾľȻôʿѵ֪ڴǿ󣬹һЩ
ѩûĻһ㣬ı˵㻹ʲôҪҴҹ㣡
ѩĻʱȫ˲ûЦǵ񰡣˵Ϳ
ڴ۹ˣǷЦ
۹ôЩ׳գ
ССʿҶҲҿڳԣֶʲɱʶһڴʿ
ɱɱ
˴ֶʲЦСӣȻǾͱȥˣûʲô𣡡
˵Żжһ֧ìǧ֮أĻ裬ìϸһ˿ɫ
벻˾Ȼӵһѱìʱ˵ľ
ֶʲì󣬸ѩ˳Ļᣬìž磬ֱѩʺһ־ɱС
˻ûʦ۷ϢѾޱǰѹ˹ߵ˶ʱɫһ䣬׷׿Ҷ
ΪǶ֪ѩҶˣҶԸԲԼ˳ȥŶԡ
ǵ⣬˳ҲӦΪߣɱǿҹ꺮Ŷԡ
ȻѩҲǿƾһסŭ񵶡׸߼˺üλʦؾʸ
ǰӵбʦ۷ĸ֣Ȼذɣڴ˵ĺԸȻȡ
Ǿȵķ֣ҶһȺˣޱĿսһǳɵӡ
ѩ·ûпǰֶʲҲûжԷĳìֻԼеĵ
˽ָ󣬾ҪѵŽ˽ָҶֹʱʱ̿̽ߡ
ҶΪһͣǹߣԼĻ飬Ҫͣȥܷͨӳ
һ䣬һɱ֮ѩͫס
Ǻ
ʣڳˣʱеƤһһֶʲȥ
ԭɱڵֶʲʱһȫȫ㶵վ˫ȫǿ־š
ԭڴ۹ǰһֱĿߣȻ۾ͬһ˿𺧡
һֱЩˣмһ˵ĻʼǿǣˣĿƵĿѩ塣
Ȼе˵֪ʲôֻǰһѩǰһεֻʡ
ֶֻʲһֱһǲԵʱѩѾתҶǰ
磬ˣ
´Ҹ佫㿳һԡҶοĵͷ
ѩľнˣû뵽Сӵϵ˿ֲԴϴε㲦һ£Ͳһܹȫˡ
ҿ˭ҾͿ˭ѩ
䣬һֱֶʲһ죬˻˼£һѪüĵС֣žһֳƬڵϡ
ȫʱһǱǰĹ¼Ŵˣȫǵ
Ǹʿֻǰһµֶʲͱ룬ֱš
찡ʲô
Ҳ̫˰ɣ˭Ķ֣
ֶʲնɱڴӣ׷װγɱڵĽ۹Χס
ԭ۷׷׵ˣʱͣΪпһȺսʼ
쵰ǾȻʹɱֶʲһҲһڴӣĿĵ
һͷģֹǣҶ˵ɱ˳ǸõĽֵܳǾͲݣ
Ҷһǰ֮ˣʮָߴ󣬱ȵ׿ĳɻҪǿ׳һЩվǰȻҶһЩѹ
Ҷʱа⻹ǵһθоһʦܸԼѹʵضأС
ڴ۹Χ۹Ҳ׷˱ڴ۹ߣǰԺûǰֹ
Ҷȴһ򶨣ǰλεıӶ
ѩ忴ˣЩȵص磬Ҫ𣡡
ҪҶҡҡͷ𶯲ͿҪһ˿ַ緶Ҫѧѧҹ꺮װҲҪװֵģ
һֱĿҹ꺮΢˳飬һԲ
ѵǡ˵ѩҲʼĿ
쵰ǡڴ۹˶ʱס
Ҷǵķŭͷ֮˵Ļȥɣװǻֻȡ裡
ͷĺӣ۾һУɱڵصСӣ˵ЦŲһ£۹ûһܻŽؾ
Ȳ˵ûʵҲҶﵭĵ
Ϊʲô
Ϊǲǰ׳գôˣѾֻ̤佫ֻҪؾͻͻ佫ս쭣
磬ҪڸӲƴĻǾûôˡԾɱǵˣҲԻǲҪװǻˣϽβ͹ɡҶϲӬһ
ã汻˵ˣսǵȫԼƣȽؾһὫǵĹͷһһڵ顱ͷһһĵ
ƾҲв硱һȴ
ಣ
䣬һֱʸѾƿնֱͷ캺ӵš
˶ʱ󾪣һ̫ˣûаףʸ͵š
ͷ캺ӶʱæͷͷƤɹܸоʸ¶ȡ
ǻûɿڶ֧ʸѾֻ߲ľˡ
ʱһ亹ʲôܹ˿ٵֱһ϶ûС
ƴһ㣬һ߹ȥԺ֮һ
ҶҲļˣԼӵĹ֣ҪúѧϰѧϰˣղźһҪǷ飬˺Ѷȥ
ͷ캺ӱڴ۹˶ʱһҪƴ
ס֣
ͷ캺Ӵһˣ۾ȻЩĿ˷һۣȻ벻Ȼ˹Īļ
ջĿ⣬ҶҶǰɣܺãסҵ֣ҽз޳࣬ؾɱˣ
Ҷҡҡͷ
ҡͷʲô˼޳ĵ
ҶﵭصҴǲס˵֣㻹ǸϽɣ
ãҿ㻹Ӳʲôʱ򡱷޳һЦ˻صԼӪ
ڴ۹ˣҲ׷ʵҶļСӣ˧䳤Ҫɣ
Ҷһ򣬸ղŵ򶨷ȫʧˣɴ۾ʵӵ˼άҲ̫˰ɡ
ʱһ󲨶һȺ˳ˡ


95 ּ
ŴĲһȺ˳ǰΪ׵һȥʮҵĺӡ
һ֣˶۾һʹ·һ࿴һ۶ᱻһ㡣
˵ĳҹ꺮һ鲻Խ̧ͷǺӿȥ
ľҽܵĪۣʼǿߣ˳۽ʣ
ʱĪ۴һȺ˹·ҹ꺮ߵʱĪͻȻһ
ҹ꺮۵Ը⵽ϰϽʿΪ
Ī۵Ļ˶һ벻Ȼ˸Ȼһ죬ĺң
ǣ۶ʼɵĿУҹ꺮ҡҡͷһ׷ߣһֻˣ
ҹ꺮Ļ˴󾪣ѧԺˣҲһ޵ҹ꺮Ȼ˱˵׷ߡ
ҹ꺮սĿõģ˭ʸ׷߰
뵽鲻ԽĿһҶ
ţʲô츳Ȼ׷ˣ˭Ī۵򶨶һ
ڴ½ϣν׷ߣеһǱ׷ˣһ׷ǿ̫࣬ŻԸ档
Ҷҡҡͷ׷ңҲˣֵ֮ܣԸ뿪ʱԣ
Ҷֻʿ۷ΪΪԼѹ˿ڣҶЩм
Īתͷҹ꺮ĻҲˣʱ뿪ģôŰɣ
ҹ꺮ҡͷܹҶ֮ǰǲ뿪ģ
ҹ꺮ĻǼӵĳҶĶ֣Ϥҹ꺮˶һ
ĪԻ֮αܣʱŭڣһڵһյϢȥˡ
ҶЩмصؽȣѹ˻ߣǻڽ֮⣬Զ޷뽣֮ͨ
ͨҹ꺮ʱ۾һ˼һ¡мҶ￴һۣ۾ʼղŵĻ
ȻҶľľ֣ǸĪ۵ıϵ˭
ľϸһ£ЩصصΪ½ͨĪ۵ĵմӣ˵ǽţ겻Խսʵ
ҶٺЦһ£Ȼʲôʦʲôͽܡ
ҶͨʶĪ۶½ͨӼȻΪãؾһҪɱػΪĲǿУ
ʦĻ½ͨжʱһ˿ɱ⣬ʦҹ꺮ʱѾǿҵļ֮ġ
λãϾҪͷϣͳһ⣬ܲԹޡ
Ϊ֮λѾŬ꣬ߣʦȻʱȻӦ
ʦͽˣûϵղЩ˽ѾҶﶴϤ
һһ˵ͬһλǿͷ߸ʮꡣ
ľҶܣЩ˶Ǳb۹ˣǵʵϸ۹ʵ£һ
ڴ۹һĻҪȫûˡ
ľУһλĿΪɽҲһǳţ֮ͬû֣
Ҷϸһ¶ԷȷʵϣһֵѹȻأǻ˸еļ¡
Ҷﰵס֣ʵˣɲֻԼһ
½ڴϣ׷һԼĵطϢ
ͷҲ˵ʶҲֻ΢һͷʾк
źܶ࣬ľҶܵУʯ۹Сƣ͹ƶķΪǿҶһθоѹ
Ҷˣҿ϶һԼǿƣһʹþսǰ
Ҷ⼸ϣпܻеؽսвѧԺš
ؽؼǵùһ֣˭ѧ𰡡
ҲֻʦǰʮѧԺ켣Ĳѧɡ
ЩѧѧԱôѧȻҶҲйֵľ޿ܹԼѴȫ¡
ŴһһȺ˳֣ȫһ
Ҷæ̧ͷȥֻһȺӳڴڣдŮӣӰոճ֣һϰϰƮ˱С
ȹƮƮ裬һƬ֮
ͷһȥʮ˾ŵòŮӣɢǿϢԲǰλ߲
Щ˵ĳ֣ԭͬһ̶ˮĳ棬ʱ˹һ㡣
˵ĿⶼȺŮϣβľͣҶ֪Ⱥĸˡ
ΪŮȺУһӰѰʲô
һɫȹԵӵˮܽһ㣬ȻŮȺУͬһ㣬Ⱥ˶޷ڸâ
ۣǸŮ˭ʵ̫ˣ
Ҫܸ˵仰ҾҲĸԸ
ҪǺԵеĻֻҪ˵һ䡮ȥɡܵУ
ԵģٸӣӾôƴˣ
˷׷֮̾ʣһۿȺеҶĿʱһЦݶʱϣ
˱Ц㵹ʱһʱϵһʯˡ
ΪĿеӣһ˽һӵĻ
Ҷ磬㡱˵ҶĻҶļϣЩʵĵ
ʱҶ·ˣѵһĿԼ
Ҷһ㶼ںȶһºĶͷһµҲģӦÿĲŶԣ
Щ˼Ĩһᣬͷ
̧ͷԱߵҶ诣ʱϲص诱㣬ԭҲڣ̫ˣ
˲仨һŮʱһ𣬾þòϷֿ
˷ֿҶΪһһҹ꺮ѩ塢ľˡ
һͷɫķʱʱϲæͷôŪӵġ
ʱʵҲ˽ŮӶʱߴߴĿĵòˡ
񻪹罻õŮӣҲ˹ҶҶ
ǰ¾ҶҶЦŵ
ȷʵ˧ֲСʦһŮЦ
ʦ㣬˼Уʱߺȴϲ֮⡣
ҶҪŶСʦÿ񻪹һǣ׷߿ǳǧҪСİʦգգ۾ѵ
˭ҵ׼ţҾͰԴɹԴҶսȭͷߵĵ
ҶĶʱ񻪹һЦȻҶ˵Щףȴһַǳֿ
ǰеڼк˵ȴ磬һַǳǿӾ
ҶЦݣ˸оԡ֮һ㣬ǳܰ
һЩҰϢǽӴЩĵӣȫͬǾ÷ǳʹ̼
ѾߵĶҶ诵Ļ̧ͷˡ
֮ʣһ˷ǳˬһССʿҲҴʴʣɽҰɽҰ򣬹ȻԶŲ


96 ؾ
һССʿҲҴʴʣɽҰɽҰ򣬹ȻԶŲһ䣬һŮһ˳ǰ
̱ǴŮӿдҶϳǵڰ˻ĳǣԼ䳰ȷŮˡ
ҶһŮˣǰŮǳͶģͺñȺͼƷ㣬ͻȻһ繷ʺһ㡣
ҶһüҪ˵һԵѾŭɽҵص½ģﲻӭ㣬Ҫļ̱õ֪֪ʵᣡ
籾ȫҸ֮УͻȻ˳Ҷֱŭ½ʦҲˡ
½ʦһμһ磬ȻԼ򣬶ʱɫࡣ
ԭҶ˵ļŮӣҲϲ䣬ȻҲΪˣǺܺãû˵ʲô
һԵѩ壬ǴŭŮ˾ȻԼĴ磬磬Ҫ𣿡
Ҷûһѩ壬СӿˣҲϵģǰôŮ㿳һأģ
ŶŶС֪ˣû˵ʱٿѩ嶢½ʦ޺޵ĵ
½ʦҪ˵һֻסԽڶҶһȭҶ֣þòʤĽ
ӳ֣Ҷﲻ̲ص۸ΥСܲԶˣ
Ҷ˵˲ɫһ䣬ûзЦҶֵĻЩѽ⣡
ѽ⣿ҶﲻмصʱˣϷ˼𣿵ɱҵʱ򣬿
Ҹ¸ţϴɾӣһȡͷŹ˰꣬㶼𣿡
Զʱŭг˱ɱ⣬ӵ信㾹ȻҺҶ磡
Ļճһεѹɢʦѹ˶·ںˮ֮УζЩվȡ
ڳ˶ͷ𺧣Ǵ˵ѹ̫ǿˣû־ͷ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҷһˣû˿ԹҪأ
Ҷһ磬ջԼѹӵҸ棬ؽԶܱȣ¶ҳϣȰ㻹Ƿλ֮ɣ
ӻػһԵ½ʦŭһɽҰҲ鳯Ͳ´ͷô
ҶûҶҲ˵㻰ˣؾ֮Ǽ㣬һȡ
Ȼû뵽ҶȻڴʱֱ˺Ƥȫ²̨һʱࡣ
ˣ˿ְ͵һ£֡
½ʦָҶıӣǴ治ӵǻ󱦣壡
족Ҷһ˶졣
ͬʱһŨҵɱ⣬ֱӳķ½ʦ㡰ٸ˵һ䣬ھ㣡
·һħĺǳ⣬½ʦʱŵʧ񣬹ȻһԶҿԡ
ӽΪ֮ʣ񻪹Ϊ׵ʼǿߣ̾˿ǰ
һȺӹ
ʦǿ߶ҶҵҶ磬ʦ˳˪ʣôʦƯɣ
˪ʶʱŪĿЦãԼʦ
Ҷ﹪ǰ
ϸĴһҶȻҶֻʿΪ˵ȴоҶʵսΪֲ
˪ЦҪץôΪδ񻪹ŮǺѰ
Զİһҡͷ˪ʻһ仰ͰҶסˡ
ҶЦŬеģǰģ
ãĻؾ֮У񻪹ѣ
һһֻҪ񻪹ĽãˣһȫæġҶӦ
ҶﻰֻˡáȻһųˣҶҲŹɱԼˣʶһ仰·˪Ҳ޻˵
˪֪ܲҶĴ㣬ԭ뵱Умìܻ⡣
˭֪Ҷһ仰·Ҳ˵ûˣε̾˿
ڼ˵֮ʣ½˵˪ʼҲѾ롣
ߵ̳϶˵ȻҶѾˣôͰϹؿʼؾɣ
λʼǿߣҲ׷ϼ̳ÿһֵֻڼ̳ĵԲϣڻʼǿ˹̳
Բ֮ǰγһԲεĹţһƬɣʲô塣
ȫγɣ˪ʵ˷׷ջԼ֣صԼС
ˣ濪ʼǩˣȺ˳˵Ż˪ȡһεĺӣϱиպÿͨһֻֽĿڡ
Ҷ￴ʱһЦϱҪ֡齱䡱Ǿȫˡ
һǩԺȻһ³˶ţ˿Եڶؾˡ
һƶУǵʮӽؾ󣬾ֵǡ
ӸˣؾΪһµʱ䣬һµʱڣĴ֮
н󣬲ܳɹʧܣԳĴ
һʱ䣬Զˣ˻飬׷̤봫š
Ľ̤봫ǰҶһЦһĶʧſڡ
ҶһЦһ˿䣬Ȼ档
Ҷ￴Ⱥڣһе磬©һЦݣִһʤƣת˴š
봫źҶʱûһǰһһɽ֮ϡ
ؾ֮Ҷûһ壬оȫˬޱȡ
ӦΧҶﾪȵķѾŨݡ
ΪѾʵı仯У϶ǧֵңԶԶ
Ҷһ̾ﻹһأϧֻһµʱ䣬һҪץʱұ˾ᣬûʱ
ؾǹŴܰյʱ磬ٳС磬Ҳ˵ڹŴÿ춼ֲóֹôܡ
Ҷһϸ۲һܵľͳͼȷһԼķλ
Լ͵ϲһԵ̨ı־ĴԶ
±һ·򣬻нǰԶ֮Ҷע⡣
ԴĵطһɽͷһֳһѴ󸫵׳һͷս
ͷˮײϸϵϢʾֻħޡ
Ҷ֮ǰľһͷϾȻİһ㣬ûȫ
Ǹָӣһʦ۷ǿߣһѴյĸһ㣬˿
ҶͨϵķΣһ۾Ϳһڴ۹ˣȻһӱ͵ħ޵ߣס޷
ͷȻֻףȴǳǿ󣬳ָӼܶûɹûʱ䣬һβͳУϰգһ̵
ҶﰵһħޣҪǿԲܵġ
뿪֮ҶҲҪ뿪ȻΧ죬Ҳ⼱Ծͷһһ


97 ʦ
ҶܳڰջͷһʮֱۡղλãӦ죬Ѿסˡ
ҶﶨһЩֱֱۣۡһЩɣϱɫẹ̈Ȼϱо綾
һûлУʱջ˵£ʧҶǰ
Ҷǰֻ˵ֲϵħޣѾˣû뵽ȻУ˵ѾһЩĵرҲУ
뵽ҶͿʼ۷Ź⣬ΧȥĴѰңȥĵرûҵǱĽħ޸ˡ
һͷЫӸУ˵ʲôҲ뿪ҶҲǵһĽħ޵Ŀֲ
ЫͲǺܴҲж磬ȥ磬ǯӼһβͬ籩һ㡣
һҶԺ֮ܹ˾ЫββϴζȴͷһѣΡ
æͳһűܶ£ͷЫս
Ҷﲻ֪ǣһͷԶ֣սǿ󣬼ʹڹŴҲû˸Ҹͬս
ЫɢŽһĹҶﳤǹϱ߾Ȼֱðǣȴ˿
ҶʱͷĽħҪߣԱħ޻Ҫǿݷκħ޾
֨һֽУӾЫĿзҶʱһʹӦ˰ģһǯɡ
Ҷд󺧣ֻЫȻ깥ҲҪǻһˣ˲ͻһƬ̵ѣΡ
ֻаѣΣͷЫҲβԷ塣
ʱҶѾˣǿȵսҶҲȫӦ
ҶߣͷЫһɵҶĲݵļƣٶ죬ҶȻ
˿̵ҶҲŭ𣬺ǹ󿪴ϣ;Ыƴһʱ
κβ˾Ыķ̫ǿˣ׿ħ޵ķ̫̬ˡ
սôʱ䣬Ҷ﷢ЫʼŵսûԾΡ
ʱһһٻͭսǹ¶ϣݺҳ
顣
ЫܲסҶʱɸߣҶǰ
ҶЫıεļ׿ǣ΢΢ȻĿЩ
ҶһһѳУ˳һһ⣬ֱƬ׿м䡣
ۣ
ȻǱλȻȥ˰ߣҶ΢΢һЦͺһ

䣡
һ죬ȳҺĴɽЫĶӱըһ󶴡
ȻܵƣЫҶһ񹥣ҶֻزСӣȻһء
ҶһͷЫ̫Ѹ㶨ˣڵԪһ룬ʹսԣŻɱͷЫ
ҶϽָԪΣյĻУһ˿Ҳܴ⡣
ʱҶﾫӵĿŵϵľЫȻ֪ЫʲôƷ֣ڵѾʿ۷ˣҪͷħס
Ҷֽӡת¾һЫӵӰǰ
ӰɳʬͬСǯӶҶ֨֨ҽС
Ҷﲻᣬ߶¾ܾЫӰôɱüġ
üĺҶֱӽӽԭƽĵʱ׷Ŀ£
ڿ£ǲϵۣϵѹγһСϪĻʡ
ٴ㺣һ㣬ԭֻʮɷԲԪڲϵ׳
ʮɡ
ʮɡ
ͣ
ʿֻͻʦʱ򣬲ŻԪΪʱߣڵŨ㹻ŻﵽҺı׼
Ҷھڤϣ÷ֶΣӲǽѹγԪ
һͷҶҺĹ켣ҲǿдͨˣԵͻʿԭӦڽʦʱ򣬲ŻӵԪѾǰˡ
ʿʱ򣬾Ѿӵ˶ԪѾнĳ
ҶѰѸãҺḶ́Ȼˮɣ˿
ҶɺҶڵԪֱѾ˵Ĵﵽʮ
˵ǰҶĵһСˮأѾݳΪһˮ
۾³һʱͻȻһϢԼд󺧡
Ҷ̧ͷһ֪ʱҶͷϷѾܲγһ籩ۣ籩ģҶ
֮еֲ֣ѹ÷Բڵħޣ׷׶񱼡
Ҷһڿˮ¾Ǵ˵еˣ˵ԴǳƽٺؼѾû٣벻ﾹҾȻԼϡ
Ҷ￴һ£ԼռָڣûκοԵֵٵĶɴѳǹҲ
ҶԴ˵е٣жǿ˵پһҶҲҪһˡ
ҶһһˮͰϸ磬ЯļµѹҶ䡣
䣡
Ҷһȭӭȥһ޿ɿܵҶȭͷϣҶʯʱѡ
ͬʱһԵȫҶŵ绡ͷ
׽ٵ󣬲ܹܣҶﰵһ
Ҫ̧ͷڶֱҶͷϣϴδһ࣬Ҷʱſڵϡ
ҶһԭаϽһĨǵѪڸղûзҶѾˡ
ȻҶով𣬵Ҷһʯȭ
䡣
ཻҶ߱˸ӡ
ǵĵڵʱҶȭͷϸֳһͷͼȭ
ۣ
ҶһѪֲҶҳһԲĴӡ
ֱ׽ٽ£ûɢȥߵѾʼ
УȥܻᱻҶһͺȣٻͭսȫϢӿȡ
䣡
䣡
磬ҶٴѪ񷭽һ㡣
׽٣·𲻽ҶĲһ㣬Ҷҡҡ׹֮ʣھŵ磬űǰ˵׽ܺͻǿҶ䡣
Ҷգһȭȭϣָһ
䣡
ʯĽҶڵλãҳһʮĴӡ
ڿӵ׵Ҷͷ˺öڣĿյĽɢȥͷһ˹ȥ
һʱ䣬ҶＤתѣѾ죬һͷҰ޶ܰˡ
Ȼ˼ΪأԪûʲô𣬸æ󰵽޸ơ
ƼأָȥʮʱҶǿվ
ҶڵԼǿѾõ˼ߡ
ĬĬת󰵽ȭͷϣҶﾪϲķ֣ԭͭɫȭͷϣȻѾʼǡ
˵ҶѾˣ󰵽ĵڶ׶ΣҶʱϲѡ
кܳһʱ䣬Ҷô޷󰵽ףѵ˵󰵽Ҫ׽ٵϴ
Ļô󰵽ͲӦǵؽ׵İɣؼôдġ
Ҷҡҡͷ벻ͨͲ룬ȫָƣ־ʱҶָ۷״̬
ѾһʦˣһΪڿԲٶڸ׵ˡ
̧ͷһ죬Զǻɵģû̫Ҳû˺ѷʱ
ӽָó˸ɾĺɫۻϣͷҲһ£Ŵķȥ
ʱ󣬺ȻһС椣Ͷɣø缸һ


98 ŵ
ؾڣһϵĶѨǰΧסһһͷòŮӡ
ŮǷֺ˪صȷ֣ǿᣬøǾǣΪλҪΪң
Ķ棬ʦ۷壬һǿϢʱɢȻǸոͻ佫
ͷ佫ǿЦǵȻߺͨ籨ţȻ޾ˣҲ鷳㻹ǹԹµĺã
佫ѻ˵꣬һԵʦӿڵֵˣѾܾûˣͳȫǰɣ
˵껰ͬʱЦ࣬ѾǵǸµСͨҶ诵ˣЩӵĽӴ⼸˵Ĳ⡣
۹ս𣿡ŭ
սôһСӲʶ̧٣²̨½ʦѾˣˣֻҪ䵥ɱɱù˼ɡ佫мĵ
ʵĪֻ½ͨ취ҹ꺮ѣ֪½ͨ⡣
Ϊʦ˼˵Լ˼ֺõ˼±ˡաһˣ˳һʦƨ
û뵽ƨҲҪ۵ģЩܲ
ߣȻˣǾͶְɡ˵Żֵ֣һ֧ʸָ˵
Ȼ㲻ʶ̧٣ֵһϣץġ˵Ż佫󳤽ŷȥ
ȵǣûһ˿ңǷһ˿ЦݣʱȻоһȻһˡ
д󺧣æԱһһһֻʸιǣ۰ը顣
ҪһҽУļʸѾ̴ʺ۾ȫãԼͻ佫ûչͼôˡ
ʦ󾪣ͷһԶһʯϣһɫ۵Ŀֳ꣬һѳȻһġ
ʱĺĿǣ·ڿһ㣬˶ʱһͷƤ顣
һۣͻȻ˷ֱ෴ķӣҶǶʱһĨЦ
ǰܣʲô乭һӰȥ
˾͵һȻܿҶһҶĵڶȥȻܿˡ
ҶΪѵԼֻ͵Ϯ̶ӣҲ̫Ӱˡ
Ҫųһ֧ʸϢĵʦһҽУš
ҶŤͷһַֻҶ΢Ц
ԶһʦѾڲݴУһ
ҶЦԼļֱʮǧ
ҶﱼһѱסҶȫ˷ܡǵһҵ˵ģ̫ˣ
û˵ʱ򣬷ȻƺҶˣҶֻ
Ҷḧŷɫŵķ㣬Ľص̫ˣҺհ
ǺǣѧԽ㰡ʵѧܼ򵥵ġܽҶǷǳĵ¡
ģҳϺĿġҶЩյĵ
Ƿǳ׼ģ˵Ļױ֪ҪȻ͵Ϯ佫һҲᱻܿҪˡ
ļǴõģͽ׼ʱʼڸҶеҶʱࡣ
˶֣һ츳ʹȻһԼ
ԼޱĽ̸ҶҶʱޱȸж
̶̰ʱҶѾ࣬乭ҲҪͿ׼ȷĿ꣬һԿĵֽкá
ŷеĳҶһʵĹأ
ʱɫЩȻ׽ʱ򣬱Ⱥ˸ӵˣ
ӵˣıǸӵˣϹ𣿡Ҷһ
ǵģ﷢Ǹݸ˵츳ʲôܷӳӦ
ЩȻİŪԼ½ǣ츳һ㣬ֻͨĶѣʲô
ˣ츳ܲǲһ˻᲻ҪˡˮȦתҶ
⺢ӻ۰ҪҶᱧŷ§ڻģǻԶһģ
οһ·Ҷ￴ŷĳһѹȻǱûоģȻǸߣޣİɣ
Ҷһ£һļ䡰ַʺϹҪٶȵģƻģ
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ӽָȡһʯ̨϶׼ãͿʼֻơ
Ҷ﷢Լʦ֮֮ĸʵʱϲƳķģߡ
ھʧܺҶɹƳˡģһרΪõķģùļʸٶϵõ
ҶšҶĿǰ۷֮ƽġһٷ֮ʮٶȡ
ȻûоԣҶ϶öģЧضﵽٷ֮ʮϡ
Ŀ˿öģҶｫȡ˹ʼΪġ
˵ҶĻģһʧʣ̷ģǰٷ֮һ١
Լһ£ǿԼ棬һ㶼ʧܲġ
ֻ˶̶̵һʱ䣬Ĺͨһ̾ѾˣҶｫԿ
ҲһڴĽӹȡһ֧Զһʯȥ
ĶԵüΪȻ·һȻɡȡ乭һ׶˲ȥϣ·ǾһΨĻ棬Ҷ￴Щˡ

Ľʸûʯͷֻһ߳βڲ
ۣ̫ˣٶ˽һء˷ܵ
Ҷ촽ϣһ£Ҷʱһ𣬷·һŷӣԼԺжһƬհס
˰ҶŷӦַһ˷ܵİų
Զ˼Ĳֺ˷ܲѡ
͵͵һ촽ϱ߻з㣬ͷĺҪ
ȣղ˭ģҶһ
𳤹诽ҵİĵʱͻҵģô˲ϲ
Ǳ㣿Ҷʱһ㲻ǡϹʲôء
ôأҺϲġҶϽ
һ°ɡʱĵĵҪ
ҶһæҡֵϲҲܾģ
Ϊʲôĵ
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99 ľҺ
ڲǺܴ󣬳ʷΣ淢ʮֿȻһ˹޽ĳأȻ
ҶﲻҴ⣬ֳֳǹСĽ䱸ŷСȥ
Դϴβɥ֩ںҶԶѨüΪУʶȫɢ
Ѩнаųһתۡ
һųǰǽһ͹İťӡ
Ҷ￴˿ťֿ˿ţŷؾǴŵĿˣȻǹŴŵ֮أô϶ݣ˺󣡡
˺Ҷڰťϣһģ¸¡һ춯Ż򿪡
򿪴ź󣬼һĴһߴοܴ롣
ܸߴɣɢŽŴŵĴ򿪣ʯͷһ飬ȻɫĹâǵСһ㡣
AʼеӿܵĿдһ䣬ܾ˶ȭͷҶ
Ȼܿǳ׾Ƕȴǳݣһȭҳûκ
Ҷ״ҲãӭſܵȭͷҲһȭ
ȭһ죬ҶԭûӴĿȴ
Ҷһ£ͷܵ൱佫ΪǺѶԸ
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Ҷһû뵽ûĿܣȻʹսŴȻ˼
ҶһͺȣԪתȭͷϸһεͼǰӳ
飡
ֱܵ۶ʱ飬ݺݵײұϣҲͬʱķѣ۾ʱĻҰһ
Ҷ￴˿Լȭͷʦ󣬲ⵤ﷢˷츲صı仯
Լ壬Ҳ֪䣬ǿ࣬ԼĶ֪Լ񵽵жǿˡ
˿ܣ˽ܻǸɣԼһ취ҲûУɰСͷ
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סأŻ򿪣ȻܣҶ˵ȭͷһңԺ
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ǾȻϹҶﻨ˺ܴһ󹦷򣬲Žǰƽ
пܶ򵹺һеAͨɽܽ
䣬ԱߵһСŴ򿪣Яֽ룬ֿտĴм䣬һˮء
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˵Ҷæת뿪ſڣҶһĽ䣬ռɫɫǿա
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ķǳԻƣʹɹˣҲǳϣʧķΪġ
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Ȼ֪Լĳɹʣǰٷ֮һ٣Ҫ˵ǳ
ϾԼĻֻһΣôѶȵģҶҲòСġ
ʱڳɹǹˡ
Ҷﲻһƣ˷ܵĿǹǿȡ
ת߳⣬Ԫעǹ𣬶һߵСɽһľʯȥ
䣡
һ졣
СɽľʯʱγʯԲ
˿ںʯңҶĸǹЦӴ־ͽСɽʵ
صڣľҺ壬Ҷ˵ǣʱϢѾﵽʦ۷塣
Ҷû¿ֱϥڵأת͵족ģҲʼ״̬
ŷĵתͬˮҶＱӿҶÿһëףŴͣ
ҶѾͻƵʦ죬ȻǧֵҪʮ
ʱҶﻺ۾ˣ춯ѡ
Ϊʱͻˣʦˮվ貨һ㣬¶飬Ҷʱһڿˮ
۾ҶﾪϲصˣѾͻʦˣԸоľԵ׺ǰʮ
ĺã㻹Ȱ·ϰɣҪˡҶεĿһ۾ȴʼû취ӷջ
ɵһİ·ҶߣҶĵֵˣǿ˺öö࣬Ժһúñ˵ģ
ŷЦᶨĻҶһůҶεºܵŮصĺǻ
һ·ͷ׼뿪ȻҶ۾һ


100 ľᾧ
һӵľҺѾմûʲôüֵˡ
Ҷ׼ŷ뿪俴ϱߣ޴ʯϣâһʱҶע
ƹʯ飬ı棬һӤȭͷСľʯɢ΢Ĺâ
žʯһ˫Ŀʱ˲šľᾧ
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ľᾧֱӱգǿľ֮ľҺ
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ҶͷҪԾʯ飬Ȼǽһ춯ʮͬʱ򿪡
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ʯһе조ߣнٶ뿪һƷɱۣ
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ʮʧ󣬵ڶʱࡣߵĿѾ׷˽ǰ
ҶʱͷȥʱѾôӵˣҶʩչӰ١һȥ
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һ·񱼵һʱҶʱһ˼ҪĿ⣬Ҷ﷢ִĴžȻǽյġ
Ҫ׽Ҷﰵп࣬ƲţЩܣҲԼˡ
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Ӱ˲˻ƽɫҶܸоѨڵĽ֮ٱӰգڵĿռ䶼ʼЩȶ
ҶһͺȡƼʸһǰȥ


101 һ
ʸ뿪Ӱ˲仯һ⣬ǰⲻϵı
ڽһʱѾγһɳֵӴʸ
ʸûнӴܣನΧĿܷ׷ۡ
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һضɽҡֲˣҶﶼڵأҳ価ԴͷʯѾʧʯͷмɢһء
ҶʱϲűڵصĿδ𣬼æ񱼡
ߵĿǽŷ׷״ӵҶ񱼶
Ҷһ·񱼣ֻǰһѾ֣Ҷϲһ´˳
ڶһǵķҶѸһ§סԶ￪ĵصˣ
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ǶòŮӣһ佫֣һֻʦ۷壬佫ֵΧ£Ѿʱɥ¡
Ҷ￴ɱ磬Ӱߵķһ


102 ɱû
Ҷ￴ɱ磬ΪϳŮӣ񻪹ĵӣһؾҶ˵ʦ㡣
Ӱߵķһ
˫ڽŽŵһ߼նɱԷһƴֿ
˫ûвǲԶȻֶˡ
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תۼŵǿߣһʣµ˾ŭֻһһλŮֳֳǡ
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ŮӣҶﵽʱǰһ
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СģʦС
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ŵӣҶﺰʱ򣬾Ѿʼȫ䱸
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´󺧣ٶ̫ˣһг

ʸնأϼʸһ֧ʸѾߣ붼룬ŵһܡ
ۣ
һ֧ʸֱĿڣЩŵĿؿڵļʸ
·һͷԱüΪԭǰΪ˵̵档
ŵЩʶͿʼģء
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뵱ʱȷʵǧһҶһǱȻ޷Ҵ档
ʦˣǶĽã˵˶ˣСôܼءҶЦ
ȻеЦ˼ʦĶоǳС
оҶˣα뵽ʲô˵ʲô˾÷ǳɿ
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ҶЦ徻ڹŴҲǲƷʦõҲϸԵǳˣ
Եǳ֪Ϊɥġʦҡͷ
ֽ徻ݸҶʦܴȣǽö˲ŵԻûʲôģöӾ͸ʦܣʦܲҪƳ٣
ʦĻҶüͷһ壬ЩصʦﻰҶﵱ˲ǣ
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Ǻǣãʦӿã
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ԭʦˣ󣬾ϳ泤徻
СժȻĺˮ졣
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ʱҶ˼ʱɱ˳ѣҶһУߵߣˮ
ڵԪȻйҶԤԼԪҲֲסһʱ䡣
ųŵ徻ҶҲǷǳ۲ⶫǸԼãȥǷǳġ
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Ҷת֣Ƭ̺һ곤ʮɣˮ׵ɻ
Ҷﱧɵһˣʮɳ̽Уͬһضһ㡣
ʦˣʱĿɿڴɳʮɣԲʮҶоȻ
Ҷｫһӣŷȥԣ
áӦһɣȥһԱߣĽһöժ¡
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Ҷﱧһط£ͻȻеˮ죬һ
ҶҲ룬ֱӽżһɣϰա
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ϵʦˣʱǺˮȡԪͬ˲Ԫȫʧ
ҪˮУȻһʱŵϲ԰ףȴް취
ʱˮͻȻ̽һƬ״ݺݵײϣҶûмԷʱɱײء
ʦʦãһɶˣԭԾķ޴ֻĿС
۶ϣĿ¶һ˿ţǼҶһ򶨣ʱ
šҶһ


103 
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ȫʦ˶ʱһҶ˶һƽɵ˵Ķ
Ҷʦܣ徻ãǺػǻ뿪ɡʦȰ
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ڼ˲ĿУҶ֮ɢʱںˮ±߼ɣǰ֫Ĺ㡣
ĶͷһϸϸСףҶղſУС׾ˮλá
һǵϢҲͶħ޶ѣҶʱ
ǿ֮һ˲伸һƬ̺󻺻Ҷ
һ㣬һҶʱŮʱ׷
Ҷæֹòİ˹ɱˡ
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ҶֻܽԼķЩ⣬Ϳʼ⼸㿪ʼɻ
Щ޷һȥժֻܽҧҶ
æժٶȹȻ˺ܶ࣬һĹѾʮӵ֡
Ҷ￴źһƬôٶȻЩ̫ˡ
ʶȫɢַʮ㣬ʱȫūӡ
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ְȫݡʹĲժʽժһʱ˺ĵһ֣϶ɹˡ
ҶʱпϸһսƷϲķ֣һʱѾջٶӡ
徻ӣԣֱǽľˮˮԵ࣬ռһϣԵ٣ֻʮš
ĵλãҶӦһǳǿĴڣҶûҼͷ˹óʮˮ͸ʦˡ
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ֱڶ죬ԶԶĿʮ⣬ʮĶӰ׷ɱһνС磬ȻǸŮӡ
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ʵô˵㶼ϲŮˣҲΪҵŮ˺
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ʮڴ֣׷Ҷ﹥Ҷһߣܿһѵ
ץסһԼĳìһƽؾףǰһơ
Ǹֳֳì佫ʱֱһ飬ìסؿһʹ˱ì̴һͷԵڵء
һ͸ɵһ佫ʣµ˶һϵıԻ
ҶһĻᣬǹɨһ˵飬ǹͷϣͷ˲ͬѵϣΧһ֮
ǹͣģһ佫ȥ
佫æȡһƸ񵲡
飡
ķѣؿڱըһӴСĶʱ
ȫ벻ҶȻͣʦɱ佫ͬɱȻһ֮
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Ԫӿ볤ǹĺŵ˲佫ǰû
˴󾪡
ɽ
ڻƣ
ն
ͬʱʹ˸ԵľУͼֵҶĹ
̶ǹӰʧ佫Ѿȫʧֻʣһص⡣
һԺƵڴ佫ǣ棬ʱȾܡ
ҶתҪɱȥȺȫɵͻȻߴʵ޵
ҶҸ硭Ҫˣ


104 ľ
ҶЩʵĿǼ˵ʧǿѾԶԶ°ףҶ޵
ǼתľǰʱľѾϵѪѾɡ
һ˿ĺΣȴǱȸղź˲٣ҶЩȻ֪ǻعⷵա
Ҷľһ˿ЦݵҾͷˣ͸оһһţû뵽ǰܹһķɣҲ޺ˣ
磬㲻Ҫ˵㲻ģ㻹Ҫءʵ޵
Բˣã硭Ժû취չˣҪѧչԼҲǰôˣ
ľһ˿磬һ˿ᣬĸʵͷ
Ҫ㲻Ҫ뿪ʵޡ
ҶǵҸ˵ɣӦؾչõġľҶ
İɣһԼõģû۸Ҷصصͷ
ЩᣬľѧԺ֮ʱռʦһܹεȵ緢Ͻ³
仰Ҿͷˡľ԰׵ϣ¶οЦݡ
ľַģСһɱȺ쵰Ϊ㱨Ҷ֣صĵ
ľЦЦҡҡͷνԴ·Ҿ֪ôһ졣
ǲŵʬ壬Ǳ˲Լʬ壬ΨһźǣҲܡС󡭡ɼҡ
˺ľѾ΢ţ˵ںľԶı۾
һ˺ѷεĽкʵ˹ȥ
ĬãҶľʬ壬ؾһ
֮ͬˣҶˣľȷʵӮľ塣
ҶѰһЩ֦һ⣬ľʬķϱߡ
ȼһѣʱʵͻȻҶ˻쵰Ҷʲô
һˣ۵ʵҶϧһֱСޱ䣬֪ܷܵס
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Ľѷŵϣ˲ӿľ
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ӳҶӰһθеҶļį֣Ҷ§ԼĻС
Ҷŷ㣬ԺùһЩͬʱҲӴ̼Ҫǿľġ
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Ҷ̾˿ô֪а취
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Ŷڸ˸ɽ÷滤Ҷʵɽ档
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ʵһ£һҧʯͷϣѵ¶毺õ塣
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ΪҶ﷢дֽϣٽģ÷ʧܶԡ
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ҶѾ͵족ЧָĽˣֱӽνӵ֮ϣֻҪ˹ͻȻ͵족ת
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ҶЦ˵ôأѧԺʱһǷһأξ͵ǻˣ
·ңԶĻһ㣬ʵҡҡͷֻСӼЦѣܵģ
ô˵о񳤴һҶﲻϣôȥⶺ˵
ʵ̾˿ĵصǳˣֻɳĴ̫ˣӴ뿪һ̣ҷ·һǰ׵ĵϧѾˣԶˣ
СҶﻹ˵
ʵϵû£ҪľŬΪΪ籨𣡡
ǺðɣǷ磬Ǿһɽȥȥ⾳ܴҶ˵ת˶Ѩŷ뿪


105 򿪽
Ҷ뿪һ·ϼˣһ򼱳ıȥӦʯ۹ĵӡ
Ҷһ˹ȥ飬ûȺ˵ע⡣
нʱһɽ꣬ɽѾۼʮˣϯض
ȻǶԲֳͬɺüӶڵʲô
ȺԶĵطͬ貨Ӱ磬̤һƮڰա
Ҷ΢΢һЦŷɽȥ
˵ĳ֣ʱ˵Ŀ⣬ΪȻֻʦʱеĲм̸ֳ
Ӧ۹ˣйģʦڣ
Ȼܻڣǲװħޣڴ۹˿϶ɣ
ǸеҲˣǸŮӿƯŶˮҪҲ̫ϧˣ
Цһ֮ʣԭһĮ磬ʱųʻҪ޵Цݡ
һӡ޳Ӱһ⣬Ҷǰ𱦽ͶҶĻУĵĽеҶ磡
찡ĿеŮȻˣҲ٣Ҳˣ
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һƧĵطΪԵɣΪۼôˡ
Ҷｲľԭطһ鱦أؾ֮ǰѾעˣҲص̽Ѱĵط
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ҩһϡĿʯƷƷ
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ͺҶĶҲʼĶѣÿԸһʶʶ
˵껰˵ʱĽĸŷʱʱķЦ
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ҶͻȻһ£ӽָȡһöһС
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ҶŶŮɽ꣬ŷ֣ʱɽѾۼ˽ʮˡ
Ҷ﷢оŸŵĵӣűΪһһֵ½ͨȻҲڡ
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ҲǳСƣһϣһɷԲľ޴ųǰ
ֻϱķ˸νĽˣһǳǿҪȻҲҪôһ򿪡
ҿںţóšСƵͺȵ


һ

䣡
ҶҲڰӣһѶìͶ˭Ҳûʦڻˮ
Ļѣտĳǰҷ׷ԾУҶŶŮҲ˶Ѩ


106 Ѫʯ
ڵĳ֣һȺ˷׷ӿ룬Ҷ㹻ûӵ
Ҷ໥һͱˣϾؾУԼ˭޷Ρ
Ҷȴ󲿷˶󣬲Ŵͷڣǰ˵̽·ǿԷĵĽ롣
ȻЩİǵʵӰ첻󣬴ǰһңǰ˾
ʯ
һλǰߣһǽһöȭͷСʯľʱһЩ˵ע⡣
ʯȻҲֻǴ챦϶ѣһʯ磬Ҳҡ
ЩѾΪ佫ľӢǣ⼸Ѳʲô
Ҫ֪Ÿս磬ѾĶ֣ԽȻıŴңʱ׷ͷȣʼǰ
Ҷ￴˿ЩĿͨ佫ǣСƵ˶ûֹ޳ǻһ˿Ц
ɽһббµֱͨнʮųһĵش
ҶɨһۣյشǧɷԲ߶ҲϰɣǳĿ
һȺ˵ĵﲼ˻Χʯϣʮڣ˲˸оԹһ
СƵˣǳϤһ㣬Լ˷ֱһѨ
½ͨͷ޳򶼲ĿҶһֻۣѾ佫ʱжһĨɵ
Ҳ˲ͬĶʣµˣʼܱǻҲ֪ýĸѨá
ǵջҲΪḻһ·ϼʯȻǺκǲʳÿ˶˲ٶ
Ҷ磬Ҫʲôرı𣿿ѨûУ
˵緭һᣬϱһͼһԹƵãڲͬĵطעһЩּ
Ҷҡҡͷʾ˴ġ
ЦҶ͸ҵһؿȥѪʯɣ
˵ҶһѨ˼ʮɺǰʱֳڡ
Ҳ룬ֱ߽ұߵĶڣһֱʮ߰˴תۣǲһĿռ䡣
ս棬һϮҶﶨһһƬԲʮҳأҽӳյͨһƬ
һʱĻᷭһЩ˻˻ķҶ﷢־Ȼжи֡
ָ˻ֵʯͷҶ磬ǸѪʯʦ⽻ңҶȥģ
ⶫʲôãҶʵ
Ѫʯ̺ḻĻԪأǶԱļƷϣʦպҪһƷ磡
ЩĵҪ֪Ʒֻʼĸ֣ʸӵС
һƷҪѾϧϲ˵ҪһʼǿߣµУΪ飬˪ʶ۰ɼһߡ
ҶҲһ벻˪ʾȻ˴ֱʡ
ҶߣѾ֪֪ߵר
Ҫȱ̫࣬Ϊǲϵ⣬ҪԼꡣ
ǿʼϵǿߣѴԼһΪꡣ
һΪһƷ飬Ҫʮʱ䣬ƷǿԽѡ
һɹôƷͿںϣܵߵ󣬻ԽԽǿ
Ҷ￴˿ҽҽΧûѪʯĳֻ֣ĲŻż֡
ҶЩɻʵòȡѶȱȽϴа취𣿡
΢΢һЦһ죬һĳڰա
΢΢һϳնҽϡ
Ȼ֪Ѿ齫ǿˣǼһƬңҶʱͷʲô⡣
ҶվһĵĿԼͷһۣҶ˸ƣʾġ
ӽָȡһѳһ˫Ŀ±ߵҡ
ҷĺܿ죬ʱ̶±ߵĶȻгӶһȡ

һ졣
һҶҶûȥӣֱȡһǿ鶫ס
ҶȻʱǵһݸЦҶ磬Ѫʯģ
Ҷһ죬ֱˣʱоѪʯûôȣֻ΢ůѡ
ҵ񲻾ˣ϶֪ѪʯԣŻЦԼԲ֪ʶɲܲʶ
ϸһ£ѪʯֻĴָǴСʲ״ҶﰵƲƲ죬ûСʱĲء
ʱ䣬ܲγΪҹ̫죬ƫˣû߾ֵ֮С
˰ʱ繲õѪʯƹСʱϲѡ
СǸֻлƶСҶﶼôСĶȻҲܷ֡
ڵõѪʯɻ˰ߣʼָ
Ͼһ߿һȫעѰ·ѪʯͬʱҪҵ˿ĶǷǳġ
һŻָ鵤˷ܵĸѪʯȫЦ⣬ͺһͻȻõİߵĺӡ
磬̽ôƱɣҲԿܲܰﵽ㡱Ҷ
㻹ûѧôһȵĵ
ǰǰʱһֱоģûʱѧϰ
Ҷҡͷϴ顰͵족ڼ䣬ԼѾ֪䣬ͻƵʿһֱûʱȥѧϰ
Ȼ˵ҶѧϰģҲ̫Ҷ״ȻһƪҶ
һƪļɣҶоһҾˣ
簲οҶָҶ򣬾Ҳ˽²ƪ
Ҫ˵ƿرҲԺˣֻϣҶܰĲ
ڶνҿʼѪʯʱҶѾȫ
Ժڻͨ˼壬һּԦķ޵ƪ
˸ּ򵥵ļԦķʽԼ·ߣǳϸ
̶һʱҶ۾óһͨĳǰ
ҶｫǰѽϣڵֻۣͨĳȻʼλƵƮ
ֻϧʮֵĲȶķ·ʱȥһ㣬Ҷ΢΢һЦ֮ɢʱȵĶڿС
˵ƿϱߣҶһôƿطһʦ飬֮ƿѾﵽ΢ľ硣
ҶĲоϵᣬѾܹƿѳˡ
Ȼǲȷǿ꣬ϻ֧֣ԲⷽĲ㡣
ƯǰҶһԾ˳
ʱ΢΢һҶæӴȵͦڿС
Ҷһӡȫһ켣תʱǰƮȥ
ҶС΢Щ׾ڰתתȥɲҵش
ʱҶ³ͻȻͷ۾㶵ĿԼ


107 Ʊ
Ҷ³תͷһȵĿԼ·ʶԼһ㡣
ҶЦôʶˣ
ҶԭͻˣҪҽ㡱С
˵ʲôôҶһɻĵ
󾪡ѵ֮ǰûѧ
ɵѾͷôʲôʱƭ㡱Ҷûһա
ô̵ʱѧ飬̫ˣʦ˵ţҲ£ѧҶһȣֱĸһˡЩɥĵ
ҶһЦҪôƯôˣҪȢˣ
ʱߵͨ죬ĴҶһȭ˵˼ֻǲ
Ҷﱧ磬صһ£ЦҾͼ
ߵĸˣæһԱߵķߵˣ
һڴķҶｫһһ§뻳Уһһǡ
ڵ֪ķҶſ࣬Ҳǰôнˡ
ЦŸͣԼʦĿƣѾܾ׼ˡ
Լ̽Ĺ죬һЩ·Ҳѹ죬ԲŻѧô졣
Ҷﲻ˵Ϊ˾СһԼʵ飬ᵣġ
һ˵һŷŹҶ
ҶЦԶἵԼģΪһţܻһЩԼĽ
Ͼ챻̫ˣʹʹСҲŮˡ
֡Щĵ
ʲôҿࣿҶЩ⣬ǰ˳
ԣЦĵһԲС
ҶһЦ֪Ǻá
Ҷ磬󣬲һǿȣֻѡڴĵ
ðɡҶεĵЩԤУвԼ鷢
ҶｫҶ룬建
Ҫͣôôأɻĵ
ҶԼӴԽԽϱ·
ǲ󰡣ҶͲ𣬼Ͱ۾Ĵģȴߴš
Ҷʱֱˣޱ̵ĽˮݺݵĹ塣
ʱһʱ⸲ռ䣬翴þ˵
ã绹𣿸ѾŬˡҶ
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Ҷҡҡͷ֪ϱߵ·Ӧô㡣
ֵΪһʮߡ
Ҷһ㶣517ҪԣһĸԵ
Ҷֵ֪Ƕ𣿡
ҶＱеĵͷ
ֵǧ
ʲôҶʱһҶЦùȻţȲ㰡ٺԺҪΪͷˣǺǣ
˵ڣڸһͬʿʱҵֵֻٺ١˵ͿʼЦ
ҶԭЦݶʱˣСѾͷԽԽƻˣ⼤ԼʹȫȻٸԼˡ
ҡҶͣѾһҶĻӣһţһҧҶ촽ϡ
ȻҶһǲʹʱ֪᲻ҧԼһϲ
ͷֱ̽ӴӣȥƲ˥Ķࡣ
ʱеҲʹô̱ҶĻС
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ȿȣҿǸղŵջôɡҶϽʵ
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˵ţóһȭͷСѪʯһĵ⡣
Ҷ￴һѪʯһѾЩСģȫˡ
ҶȻʵ磬ҪǰٶȣҪòܴһĲϣ
ҶĻԭһ˷ܵʱЩصҪʮʱ䣬һ֪Ժô
ȥ²У취źãˣֹͣȥ۵ġҶѾȵķ̵Բݸ硣
ʱһСҶȻһֱ𣿡
ҶЦֲҪ룬һֱ
һѶԲָûص磬Ͳְʣˣ
Ҷһ£ҡҡͷûʲôʧ
ģЩŵĵһʿҶ㣬ľˡ
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ֵָʣҲָʹ鼼ʱܹ
磬̫ˣԽԽءԵ޵
ˣȻϲڲʱҪ취ŪѪʯСҶֵ
ʲô취أѪʯҵĵشûˡЩɥĵ
ȥԱϢһҶɢʶ֮̽С
ҶʱԼʶڽ֮ɢ÷ǳ֮ĵҲǳ졣
Ҷ֮ǿޱȣһʱҶʶҡ
ҶͻȻи޴Ȫֱۣһɶ㣬ͣ緢γĵ˻
Ҷʶɨ±ߵʱһ߼ѪʯҶʱͷ
ܵõѪʯôҪռĲϾӦùˡ
ѪʯһֱȪ۱ϣ緢ҹβһֱ
Ҷ˰ΣȡһѳѸٵӽ֮С
ڵҺֻʱ䣬Ϳʼڻֽ⣬ȫʧ
ҶĬĬһʱ䣬ȡһѳϷ
⳯£߶һͷٵ·ȥ
ڸոմǿѪʯ֮ʱ㿪ʼֽ⣬˲ҵһ֡
Ҷӳһѳһȫ߶ٶȿ࣬ѪʯԱߣȻ˰ʱ䡣
Ҷ﷢֮УܹԼӰѾǳСˣն
鵽ҶףһԵĶŮλŮ׼һƱɣǾͿǰ깤ˣ
ͷҶĻʱ˾Ҷ׼
÷ڰ׼ӦźһкҶȡһѳǱҶˡѡĵĳ
Ҷｫ֮Ͷ֮УѪʯԱߣҶһϺȡ
ˮһ󲨶ѪʯܱըӰ죬ֱӱȪģһʱϱ߸ȥ
ڣ


108 緢
ҶĶϺȣʱȫ˻ϡ
ͻȻУһֱߵѪʯӳĿ֮С
ĶҲʧУôѪʯ붼û뵽ġ
һȣæ߼Ѫʯ˲䱻бб
ϧС࣬شǧѪʯֻȥʱʧɫ
ҶﰵԼ֮ǰҲʯͷĴС˵һ£Ūֲ
æȡӰһۼҪѪʯʱʸײһߡ
·תʱϲһæֶѪʯһ
ѪʯȵķһߵķҪȥӣȻһССģ
ʱоһƿ֮ԼĺϮżһԱԾɡ
һӰڷԭλãѪʯҪֽס
һ֧ʸ֪ʲôطȻֱš
˴󾪣æѪʯˣǻûվȣһ֧ʸմһɲǣţһѪɳ
һҶģȻҶָ㣬Ѿ˺ܶ࣬޷ȡ
ļʸס˵ǣɱϢ
ʱҲ˹ѪʯȻʱһ
ѪʯպãǰȻ棬ǴеĳͿԿеˡ
Ҫ˵ʮŵӣӶΧס
ͷһ½ͨ½ͨĿŵϵʬһۣ˵ɱŵӣ첻˵뿪
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籩ŭֲӰûйѹѾľˡ
˸Ҫ׼ʱһȡ꽣
ӴĽӰ޾ѹ½ͨ޳ն䡣


109 ԤƷ
ӴĽӰɽһ䣬ռ䶼ʼ
½ͨ޳˶ʱ󾪣æʹǿķֶΣֵһ
Ǹոս𣬽Ӱն£˾ȻεҶﶼһʹ
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ȻѾӣȴ꣬һնһʮɳӣҽ롣
ԭŵʮ佫ȻûбӰУȻ˽׷ˣӵ֮С
սӵףͱҽɣʵĺУ׷׻Ϊҽ
Ѿʧʱֲ֧סڵϿʼŻ
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Һ΢΢һ£ʯʱϿ

ģ
ϣһѱҲҺǸطѾʼϹˡ
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ҶĻæԶɱͬʱ۾Źĺ档

һȻںˮзɳͬʱҲҽҽɢ䡣
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ѪʯѾɹ͵ˣҲǹˡ
ҶЩϧܻѪʯһҲֵˡ
ʱ硢ˣҲѹΧסѪʯþ˵
Ҷ磬㷢˰죬˵ôһ仰
ȷʵѪʯĴ˲֪ѪʯóȥܹȡԴ
ҶЦҡҡͷѪʯ͸ˣ
ңѾˣ㻹ԼŰɣ񻪹ʲôȱģ
ҡͷܾȻѧԺҲһǸ񻪹ǲ࣬ѪʯӦÿԸҶб
ҶǺһЦҲûãʦ˳ҲһƷɣʣµĲϣ͵ֹˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɡЩԥĵ
ûϵǷˮûȥɣʦǸˣҲҪⶫҲ˵ءҶ
Ҷô˵ҲֱӰ͵Ѫʯ
ҶղȡʯӰҶһγݲѡ
Ҫ֪ȻŸߴǧֵýжʯǾû취ƽ⡣
һѽסһԲľʯˣӼûʲô޷
ʯϢһתʯѾ־ˣȥĵطˡ
򿪵ͼһźɫţҶȥ￴ɣ


110 
ؾڣͨҶ뿪ҶѨԭ·ȥ
սʱĿ˶ʱɫ΢䣬ʱżʬ塣
׼ȷ˵ʵǼ߸ʬǸһˣȫѪʧ·һ㡣
ü΢壬ЩصصڤǱˣ
ڤҶﻹǵһ˵
ڤ缸ѾµĶȴŷɥ
Ľ˵ҶڤĿ֮
ԭڤһֲħޣڹ̫죬ʱΪ
ڤĸϵ׽Ǳ䲶ȫѪ⾫˲⣬Ϊǰĸʬ
ͷڤжǿҶʵ
ҡҡͷĲʦǰңҪڤĻҪֱߣ
ʵʦ֮භڤʵҲҪĽףкܴĿѾˡ
뵽ؾħޣҶһͷƤ飬Ҫ֪ͷЫͲҪĽ׶ѡ
ҲõģСһûģֻҪڤ壬ǻǷǳȫġ
ôڤб壿֣֮ҶЩ
ͷǰڤϵǳԶ뿪壬вȻյľͻر壡
û뵽ڤȻôĲԷʽҶﵹǾ÷ǳ˼顣
Ҳû룬˰յͼϵ·߼ǰУ·ż˸ɵʬ塣
ҶӦһ£Щ˶Ǹ佫ΪһЩ
ţȻ̽һѼϸĴ֣ϱẹ̈ҶȲȥ
ŮʱӦҪҶҡͷҪ
ڴ־סҶС֮ϱߵë̺ݺݵҶȥ
龰˶һǳڶҶΣûг֡
Ǵ֣Ҫ̲Ҷ壬ɸʬ֮ʣҶ˲ͭɫ
μηҲκβҶֺҶСϵĴִӵصϳ
ҶĶһצһӵص
Ǹһ㣬˲ɿҶСȣҪȥ
˾ͱˡҶһЦ
һץס׳Ĳ֣ôʼ
ǡʱ񣬻Ĵ֣һ㣬Ҷһٷͳ顣
ʱҶѾٻͭǡ޷
ֻ˼£ήȻͿʼȻˡ
ҶЩ죬ӦһϢѾһˣһ
Ҷɻ󣬽͵ڤķ壬뿪ģʧȥ˲
ĻҶ΢ͷһµʵҲǿѾﵽħ޵ˮ׼ҹʽ죬Ϣ佫Ҳŵ
ʵѾôǿˣڤʵʮа˾ѾˡҶЩصĵ
߰ɣ˴򲻹ӰɣǾȥ塱˵žҪŶ뿪
Ҷ磬ǱôˣָŵϣҶӵ
ã
ǰڤĸȫľڡʹǷ壬ҲѵõıҩǷǳĲϡ
㲻Ҫ಻ô磬ء
üһӵѵǴ˵еһ
ҶæЩ˼صٺ٣ʶ㣬ʧʹˣûĻ£
ҶĿ佱ЦŶˣһǰȥ
һ·ҲûڤҲûʬЩɱ佫һЩɢˣûŶӦŻ
ʣµ˶ڸû˵ж԰ȫࡣ
н˰ʱ𽥽ӽĿĵأԶԶһŭ֮
˶һۣæǰȥ
תһ䣬ǰһտĳأԲǧɡ
һǽϣһӶӶ󣬶ֻ
һߵСϱ߽ʮŹʵӤȭͷСѾ죬ɢ˵
ʱǰһͷ޴ĺڸһȺ˼ƷѨһ졣
ͷܲǺܸߴֻңɢϢҲֻĽס
ȫǺɫÿһëŹһ㣬ʹѰϣȻĽë
ΧǰĶʮ佫аСƺͽɽһڸ֡
һȺΧźܣֻκβķЧĶԻ˺
ǺܵĹͲܹܵ˵ģѾˣĳࡣ
Ȼ̫ˡһ˷ܵĵ
˲ûм߽һεĵطĵĹ۲
Ҷһû뵽Ȼӣǰֻǿֽܣûͼ
޵ʥܹ޶Ȼ׺ͣԼصĸ
κһߣĶֻֻĴ˵ȴʼռӰ
ϴʦؾеõһöΪͻͽ˵ĳɾ͸Ƿֲģ
ΣҲҪҶһöԺԽˡսȭͷһᶨĵ
ѾͷôôҸжȥҪ˶ҾҪˡ
Ҷ֣̾˿˭Ҳòˣ
ΪʲôΪͷܣȻֻĽףӦõסЩ˰ɡɻĵ
ҶЦһ£һСԴѽôǿıأһڤжǿ󣿡
ڤǺǿӦѾħˣǸǰͷʲôϵأ
ڤѪͷֻĽ׵ʵôͱˡҶ
ʱһѵ˵ͷʵ
Ҳ̫ҶҡҡͷͷܸҵĸоǳΣգԲǰӲŶԣ
ŰɣбżģǿϷˡҶЦ
һ𣬾ǰĴսһҾͿҲ˵ӡ
ǰĶʮˣʯ۹b۹͹ƶ
ͷ֮˶еһ֣Сơɽͷ
֮ǰҲչĻϧκδ۶Ҫһö
Լһ׼ǰĺܷս
սһʼ˼ǰĺֻĽ׶ѣԼߣλ֣ʱð
һһ˱ĳ֮£м˼ɥ֮¡
˶Ƕ֣ǹڶ࣬ҴҶôϣܶʱǸΪսɱʵޡ
ʱΪ˵ĵֵǴʧ˾ԮѵȻŭҲ˿ûа취ֻܸζ
λҪˣʡҹζ࣡


111 α
λҪˣʡҹζࡱһֱû˵ķ󣬳
ɽ˵ͷһԵС΢ԥһµ޳½ͨˣӦһԸͷħޣҪٵȵȰɣ
ҡͷǶˣʮа˾ȥǸҶѰȥˣһֱǸҶʮֲ򵥣һһǿ齫Уδֺã
ǰϵԽãǾԽ滹ֻڤڣǱ뾡ǰͷħ޲С֣صĵ
ãһо淽֮ԡСһ£˵е
λֵɢһԱóȫʵʤڴһ١СƸȵ
ǡ佫Ƶ
˶ʱһǣҶﾪȵķ֣ͬʱԼΪ˷ѴﵽΪȫ佫Ϊˡ
Ҷﾪȵͬʱ뵽Է϶磬ѹԼΪŻʵǡ
ľҲˣҶľʱȻѾһϢϢȴʵʵ졣
뵽ľҶһȻһžôˡ
ת뵽ʵԭǵĹŹһ±һ¿СŮ
֪ˣǷĳһƴС
Ҷ˼ƮʱһĿ𣬽עǰ
չ¶ʵĲɱʼˣСƵ˺ܵ壬Ѫ飬䡣
áСƾȻƿ˺ܵķʱʿ񣬷׷׽кá
ˣʱŭӶССƲӲӣһܿ
ʱѾóһ˶ıҶﶨһǾȻһͬСĸͷ
ͷһߺϱڵĹһڹ⣬źܾ޴ն䡣
䣡
һ죬ԶҶоһ
Ҷʱ۾һǵһμԼ֮⣬ˡ
ɢ˷һֱ޷ĺܣȻɶԶ
˶һĿɿڴƶĵǣ¶ޱȵĿȡ
һԵȴĽɽúܱ˵ʱ˻һ⣬һնںܵͷ­ϡ
ۡ
Ѫӿ֣ͷնһ߶೤Ŀӣʹͷŭ
״һǵصҪҲְɣҪǰѺܻˣٶЩˣ
ĵɳɱ˶ᱦĹʶʼ
Ҷ簲οİɣûô򵥵ģ
ȻҶﻰ䣬ܾͷһŭ𣬸˶ʱĺѪŶʳûȥ
˷׷״󺧣æ˼ֻһŭԭֻɸߵαһӵ˶ʮɸߡ
͵ıħ޵ǿѹ糱ˮһܹ
˶ͷ𺳣һɫ԰ףͷ
ǡħޣ
ԭտʼҲһֱûóʵͷпࡣ
ҶһƽĿǰĺܣиһ˿Ц⣬ź
ͷҶжϣʱͶأӵҶҶҸ˹ȥ
ҶҸ˵飬ֻÿɬݡ
Ѿϣϣ𣬳˾
磬ǾһͷħޣҲȻܹնɱ
ֻϧﲻ磬ÿһͷħ޶ǿףͷħ¶ǿϢʾѾ۷塣
иֳһĨҧЭʱסͷħޣȥܷõͿˣ
˵ͷһܡ
ܼԼ·Ҫղܵ裬һ·һ㡣
һŭǰƲ£ʱһɺ嫵ۣ䡣
˶һȥʵڲģȫ֡
䣡
һ죬Ӧƶɣϱҳһʮɵӡ
һѪͬߵһ㣬ѹҪ
λƴˡǵѪգǿѹԼƣ
Ҳһ˿һ˿ĳ죬ȫٴαѾޱƽ佫۷塣
ȻʹһطǿԼʵķһˡ
ˣһҧһȡα䣡
˲θ࣬ϵļ⿪ʼͣͷëͿʼ⣬Ҳ͹
һĹ򣬷Ӽһһ¡𣬷·
Ҷ￴һα䣬Ҳǵؽ׹򲻻ᱬǿϢ
ʱϢѾ൱һǿˣڵԿÿֲݡ
ҶжʱһƬȣ֪Լͭսαĸǿ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣʵα䡱ǹƶ֮һؽм
ǿڹʹ߱ˡ
αһطħ޵ľѪط߶ʱõħ޵һֵ
һ佫һֻĽħ޵ľѪѾǳ˲ˣΪħ޵ľѪǳ񱩣ûǿǸ޷
ǹƶʷһţļͳ̶ȷǳߡ
ױƶҩİ壬Ϸϵ츳ս֮ǿ֮ͬдδ֡
ڽؾ֮ǰʦҪһħޡŭԳľѪ
ؾͻ佫̽ǵһʹá
Ѿƴˣֳִ󸫣źܳȥдȡ
˻סħޣٲժ
һ׷ƹȥ
˵䣬Ѿ嵽˺ǰ󸫣һɫ磬ǰ
ѵն
СƺͽɽҲʹԼǿйȥ
ɽ
Х
ܼԼһֻһеĹűȸղǿ
飡
˶ΣɣӴˤһ
ˣ飬Ҳɳȥ
Ȼȶǿ࣬Զ󣬱סΣԭء
СƺͽɽʮԶǱһѪǿվΡ
ǾϲĿĵӣѾǰһɵľ룬ϾͿȡˡ
ܴ˿Ѿʮɿ⣬ֹˣۼҪС
벻ǰȻݻĽʱһҪ֡
Ҷһסˣ罹ϲ֮ʱ
ܲ˫صڵϣԲʮ˲˻ɫ
ʱ󾪣æһȡˣ
ˣɻɫ֮ʯͷ״ļ
˲䲼˳һɵļ̣ܼĶһ㡣
ҽ֮Ȼһ˲˷ľæˡ
ʮˣΪ̫죬ּǰΣա
һ˲ʮ˶ʱϵļ̴̣壬ѪҲ̶á
˶޷ԤϵǰĽ̼Լ¾ӢʧأЩʵĿһۡ
ȫˣ


112 ĺ
ǰߵȫĲҽǻ˵׷ȫˡ
յһͨ棬ѡĳ·ߣպòҶ˶ܵĵطһ
Ȼû˵Ĵ㣬ǱϾ￴Ϸ˼˲أײƣǺΪġ
ܣܲû׷Ĵ㣬ҶһʧͿֱӵȡˡ
˻뿪ҶվΣ
Ŀ֮֮ɫֻǼɵܵʵǰ
ҶŶŮܰǰܲû˹ǾĿǡ
Ҷ磬ô죬һҪõһöСЩĵ
Ҷﰲοһ磬ЦȳԵ㶫ҺþûԵˣ
˵Żֱڿյһλӣȡڿռָڵĸɲ񣬼һѣȻһ֧ܡ
ȡһţȥûҵһԴԼѾˡ
һӣһֻ˶ЫӳǰЫֵʱ򣬶ŮʱͷһԶĺܶĿһۡ
Ҷ磬ɱ𣿡۾ôʵ
ǰսؾͱһﶢˣ˾ţ֮ŰƽǳЫ⡱ҶЦ
ҶĻʱһ磬սʱʿ۷ɣȻɱĽħˣ
ҶЦЦǸ˵𣬷˾ţ֮һ̫ѶԸˣ
ҡͷǹֻ֪Ы𣿡
ҶҡҡͷҶ￴һħͼ˯ˣѧôࡣ
ͷЫһ˿ԶЫѪȻѾˣȻħеİ
ȻֻĽףβϵĶħޣҪҲʱ
Ӳ̶ȸﵽ˷˼ĳ̶ȣб޷ƿ˸⣬˵иɻ
һݵĿҶҶȻʿʵɱֱǡ
Ҷӿڵţ
Ǳ̬
Ҷ
Ҷ﷢緢һĵЦѾ޷ݸսˣ
벻ֱСŮϷˣܱŮϷǿһҸ
ҶЦҪѧʶҲᱻЫӣ׷ͬɥ֮Ȯˣ
Ҷ˺ôŰѾЫǯӸжڼϿʼ
һʱѾʼķôǿɸͨħûʲô
ζ죬˹޾ʳһϲصķһ¿ˮ
ࡱһ죬
һĿԶĺܣҲŻϵľ޴ǯӡ
ĺѾСֻһߣ۰Ͱ͵ĿˣöŮһЦ
һǯӻһŹôջ
֪ûͷȥ۾ѿ
ߺߵص㣡
ҶｫһǯӴ򿪣һʯϣȡӣ¡
ȡһЩӣζϵУÿǰһݡ
˿ǣڳʱ˿ѾʼִҶﶯ׷װ䡣
価֮󣬾ǯ˿״ҶСӴϸ˿ڵ
ŶЦԿ
˶ʱٿѩ׵˿УʱһŨζݼ䡣
˿Ҳǳľݵ
ŮδԹôóԵĶԵĲֺҶϸĵĽ˿ãֻܳԾˡ
ࡱһ죬Ůһη׷׽Ц
ҶҲˣһԶµĺܣֽ̧һǯӣ͵ǰ
ҶľٶСصΪʲô͸ôС
ҶЦЦ˿ôСǯѾǳԼˣ
ҶĻЩԸĺһ£Զ
ллҶһ󲨶֪һϢ
ҶһԶĺܣҶ̽Լ˼ܸ괫
һҶȻյ˺ܵϢǵģллĶѾܶûԹˣ
ҶһϲԸܹͨǾͺðˣǿʼܽ
괫˵Ҷֻܴ׺ܵ˼ͨʱ䳤һԺ߽ࡣ
ͨ꽻Ҷ֪ͷѾһǧˣΪػ֮
ûûȣֻܳÿϼ꣬ҪһţԼ
ƽʱûе˵ʱͻڣԼڵʧ̫ࡣ
ҶΪʲôԳȥģܻش˵ԼҲȥ
κڤ̫ǿֲ£Գһǧꡣ
ȫͨխںܼ䲻ֻܶ
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ͷҲǹģǯ⣬ΪϧһڳԵˮͰϸǯӣӴǰԵô䡣
Ҷ̾һȡһֻʮɳëʬ¼ڻϱ˿
ߺܷĳ԰ɣԹ߻Уܶʱжӯ
Ҷɱ͵һ˸Եġ
Ҷͳһ˶񣬿ʼͷʱһ졣
ҶǽԼԸܹͨʱһ̾
Ҫ֪괫ֻдﵽߣǳǿˣвܹ
֪ܵʱ쳣ŮҲˣֱӶʣµĴֻǯӣ͵ǰ
ԲҲ֪ĶղҲãö԰ɣþûԶһˡЩĵ
ܼʣµİֻǯҲ͸Լʱָһָʾժ
ʱһᣬ˲޵ǲҪĶллˣ
괫κ޷˼
һ£ƣ쵽ǰߣָһö˲䣬ȵĵģ͵Ůǰ
Ůʱ޵ϡﻩԼ֮ǰǶôľٶ
ҶߵŮߣǶʱͶҶĻ
Ҷ˵ĺ󱳵˵ϵĹӣֺܳʱˣ͸ǵ
ҶĻŮ޵ĸˡ
Ȼʾ£ҶҲֱ
źԱߣﶼԼˣҲˡ
ʱҶëı۵ѾĲˣҶúܷſƤԡ
ܶʱ˲ѣűԼͻı۵ͿС
Ҷ֪Ϊ˱ֵģһֱԼάͣھͿ԰ѱ۵Թ⡣
ܰѱ۵ͷԵĲʣҶһµܣȥ𣡡
ܶʱһ


113 
ܶʱ괫͸ޱȵ˷ܣζ뿪ط
ҶﴫȻԣǰҪɵͷڤ
ҶĻ󣬺ܶʱĬһ괫Ҷ
ͷڤǳǿ󣬾ǿʢ״̬սҲǲ¡
ռ˵ıˣסЩϸСĶڣĸ룬˷ʤ
ôһֱͻڤķֻܱ
Ҷһ£ܴһڤһЩֶΣһЩϰԡ
ܸڤ弫ΪӴϵַԲɣһ˲γһ
һסҲѣüβĸ¡
Ҷ΢˼һ£úﲻҪȥͷ׼ʱӦԼ
ڶŮеĿУҶ©һõЦݣö˷ģһת˶Ѩ
ҶûдͼΪҶ￴Ƕֱӽʶȫɢ
˲䷽ԲԹͼҶԺ֮УȻܸͨѾ㹻ˡ
ǺúڵҶｫʶջأɢǰ֮Уʶ󣬻ܶࡣ
ʶǷΧҲֻ﷽ԲҶ΢΢ЦΪʶѾˣצһĸϵ·ƶ
Ҷһ·һ۵ĵطŽµһǹ̳ʱһ״ٱ΢΢һҶָ֮С
֮ҶŲͣһ·һ·ṇ̀Ƭ̹Ѿʮ״٣Ҷָ
ʱ󣬵Ҷ˰ʮ״ٺ󣬵صһ𶯣һˮ׻Ҫϼֵһ㣬ҶĿڴ
ҶＱæһֱӲʯڣӲʯڣһ󶴡
ոնһ٣һ춯ҶҲ⼱㣬ӡ
ҶǰŸոأһϢĴӵصԺ֮Ҷܹ
ǻҶأʯһ̽һһҶ
Ҷڰձ޿ɱܣһģǹʱһ򣬶ٴȥ
顱һ죬ΧǽڶһƬ
Ҷʱһɴ岽غҲһ·񱼡
ߴִŭһ㣬Ҷһ·ߵʯڲͣ飬ȻڤѾҶＤŭ
ԭڤÿʮ꣬Żᵮһ壬ҲҶָеĸ״١
ڤЩ£ͣĲʳԼôһŻ˲ٸ壬Ҷһնɱô࣬ܲŭ
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ҶȻǱܣϲûţгǹƵƵ̳ÿζһ״١
ֱǵŸĸɱӣڤŭÿҪ
κ̫ͨխƽʱԻԣҪȫ֣ʱţҪ
ҶɱӣڵĴ£ȵſڵʱҶѾջһٶ״ˡ
˶ڣҶһֱӽ롣
䣡
һ죬ԭֻмɷԲĶڶʱһӴӰڴڡ
Ҷл״ٵı壬һ˲״ħޡ
ʮɸߣĸΧߣ类һ㡣
ҶڳվûƬֱͣӱҶ˹ȥ
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Ҷһٻͭսȫӿȣͭɫͫףǿս⡣
ǵض٣Ҷгǹ滨š
ɨҶ
ǹ޾Ȼײһ
ۣ
ײ籬һ죬һ޴𶯹󣬸Ȼֹ
ȫɱˣҶͷң¼ʮ˿ڣѪ
ԭ˵ͭսڵһθˣҶȴ˷ܣþûôǿĶˡ
ҶڤҲùһǿǿײԭܼĸ룬ʱ֮һ
Ｘʮɵĸ룬Ҷ䣬Ϸ·һ˶Ĳ̶⡣
ɫҺ壬ŸϿڴ䣬һҩʱƮռ䡣
Ҷһһͬˮ״ϸĶϿڴݺݵһ֭Һ
ҩҺ븹ֻ֮Ҷ˿ڻϣҶϲɶǴȻȾʥҩ
һֱ֣ӽеĸȫϻҩҺʱ۲ѣⶼǮ
ڤûлָڲͣĵ֭Һ
Ҷʱƿڴܼӣҵҩ˷ѹ𣿻ϿֹѪ
֪ǱҶˣǱҶʵˣȻԼЩԣԼ֪е塣
ڤܣǵһ˲ļ̣ʱڤĸ̶ࡣ
ڤʱ󾪣˲ùԱߵʯײȥͨʯܡ
һȣһʮɵĽӰڤݺն䡣
һ۷֮ˣΪǰڤ̫ǿˣһߣҲûնɱˡ
ڤæԼγһ
ۣ
һѸ뱻ϣͬʱڤֱƻԭأڤֻ׳ĸ룬ڶһʱϷȥ
ȻӶߣֻһֻȻļʸ׶Ͼ롣

ǷһҶﶼǵһμֻһӹһֻԡһ㣬ʱֻ׳ĸ䴩
ȵĸ£˲Ѹٸɿݱ顣
ڣסҶź괫ԡ
ҶĻûаԥѾչֱʱһԾرסڤ
ܱסڤʱ󾪣иȫܡ
ұϣ̣ȻӺܵǿֱӴ˺ܵ塣
Ȼ屻̣ǺɼҶĻıڤ
ƾ޾ĳڵĴʹһԡ
ݺݵסڤʱʵĹâ˲ӳѨ
һضϢڶڤֹͣȻʼͣĲ
һֻʮɵľ޴ҫ۵Ľ⣬ܵʱ䶼ûУʹɣֱӽء
°رıסϰغȻأ˲ʧȥ
Ҷߵڤǰֱӽ˶İָ֮С
ľȻ֮ɱľϵޣϬҶﰵ
ʱͷҲ˹ЩĿţֻʣ°ڤǻС
Ҷʯ쾪һֱɱ񣬾ǷҲİ˵
ҶﱻʯҲһǷδĿã˽ҶĿֲʵ
ҶЦſŰɵĺܣҪ׼ʮ𣿡
Żعɿڤʬ壬ʱʮĴѪǰ


114 ܿɽ
ܻɿڤʬ壬ʱʮĴѪǰ
Ѫ֮УѪͷͬʱһ
ҶҲһ벻ԺܵǿȻҲ̳Լ¸סڤĹ
ҶæܴʣµİڤԵϿָơ
û뵽һȻҶڤıʮҪҶţԼƣϢûˡ
ĴһҶֺЦָжŭͲˡ
˺󣬸æڤıϣݺҧڣڤı屻Եϵļʮ˿ڣۿɼٶȿٻָ
ֻ˰ʱʱ䣬ܵѾȫϣϢȸղ˲١
ΪѪʧ࣬һʱ䲹Ҷڤı廹ʣ´أȫԵ
κ˵ʲôҲϳˣʣµڤ壬ݸҶ
ҶļһɵĿɰҶ㽫֪ڤȫЧҪǿ
ŰսɢĸҲȫһص֭ҺҶ۲ѡ
ȻЩֻĸ룬ǼֵҪȷǿϲ٣ɶȻҩ
һʰúҶԺܽһ¹ؾ飬˵ֻһС磬﷨Ӱ죬ڵΪѾ˶壬Զ޷ͻס
ȻϡطҪȫȥֻҪӦһʱ䣬ӦÿԺܿͻ׵ġ
ҲܹԼԼĴУÿͻһԺȻȻһЩϢѧἼܺ͹Լ
ԶʥܵѪﵽŽ۷壬Ϊͣ۷ѾˣʱԼΪγٳٲͻˡ
ҶҪ磬ܶʱĵĴӦѾԶȳлԶܻˡ
ܴӦҶҲܸˣĲļͷĺܣؾ֮С
Ҷһ£źܴȻҪҵȥôҪи֣Ұȡְɣ
֣úúøİɡ˷ܵĵ
ȻԶΪգǾͽܿɽɣΪɽƺ²ɵ֮ô
ܿɽܿɽð֣̫ˣԺҲඡܿɽ˷ܵڵϴĵĲˡ
ܿɽشöŮһЦæԵɡ
ҶｫԼܿɽĶԻǼԵ˵һ£öŮҲĲѡ
ȻܿɽѾҪ뿪ôͲҪˣҶǰ
ϸһ£ʮſùӣ󲿷ֶˣֻЩࡣ
ܿɽ֮ǰԼţҶһõ˶ʮνջ񼫷ᡣ
Ҷó˰˸͸磬ûȫӹֻţҶ˵һһֻ֮ʳš
һſȫǵڶֻˣ˵ţͲκЧⱩˡ
ǸԼģһǸʦŵġ
ʦҶʱܿɽѾԶˣΪʲôᱻ˵õ
Ҷ⣬Ҳʵģ˪ʣؾʱΪ൱޷͵
ܿɽĻشǣȷʵǵиСժһ
ûвĹȡһö󣬾Ѹ뿪ˣûж֮ģܿɽͷŹˡ
ܿɽĻشһ£ͬʱҲ˪Խܶôֻȡһû
Ҳ˪ʻŵԭʱ̰ôϿ¾û˪ˡ
ڤвѾˣҶ˴ܿɽҲ뿪˶Ѩ
ߵҶʮֿǶܿɽȴǳСеĵطҪʹܹȥ
ҶʱΪܿɽǿᣬɱڤܿɽСĵطķǳΣա
һʱһ˵Ĵ緭ͼ˿ϱߵıעѾûʲôطȥˡ
ҶνصǶѾջôˣҪ֪֣
ǵõѪʯڤѾ׬ˡ
ҶЦǰͷ·߳˶ѨʱҶһڵǸɽڡ
˿Ȼ¿ռҲ㣬˾Щѹ֣鶼ϲ١
ȻӰҶǰҶ벻ǣǰΧܿɽ˲صķСƺͽɽ
һȭظ¾Ҷɣ
Ҷ˵ͷһҶ֪λסкμ̣
໥һۣСӲͷƤҶǷڵµõõ˵ĻСܵԸκδ۸Ҷֽ
Ҷ΢üͷСƸæҵҶֽףûав֮⣡
ҶҪ˵Ҷ磬ڸ˭˵
ĵͷҲӶ˳ܿɽҲѵĳǰ
һܿɽʱ


115 Ҷ
ܿɽ˶ʱɫ䣬׷׺ˡ
ҶＱæǰֵλҪᣬͷѾΪҶĳѣ˺λģ
ҶĽͣ˶ʱһƬ𾪣Ҫ֪ܿɽĿֲǿ̹ˡ
ʵʵĸһ𣬶ʱҶʵӵ𺧲ѡ
Ҫ֪һѱʦҲֻѱԼΪһħޡ
ҶԲʦΪֱ߸ǵ֪ҶܿסͷܣǷĲ١
˷׷ҶԶȻɵܿɽ
СһӵĿҶڵҶ֣֮ǰѾԼĳ⣬ҶΪѵĻҲǿ
ԭǾ;ҶһзǱѰֶΣһ齫֣ȷʵҶȡ
󲻵ҶػŵҶֿϽһö¿Խȫƪα䡷иҶ
ĻСƺͽɽ󾪣ʱʧɰʦ֪ˣ
Ҫ֪α䡷ǵؽ׹ǹƶ֮ͬСɡ
ҡҡͷȡɴҾ𡣶ҶΪˣõھҲұܣ⴫ģ԰Ҷ֣
Ҷ˼һӽָȡöˡ
˶ʱ󾪣ԭΪҶʨӴ󿪿ڣǻȡıѾ˱ףܾ߱׼
ϾĹЧʵ̫ǿˣܹԭѾͬ޵еޣԣֱ绢
û뵽ҶֱȡöӸǣκûᡣ
öƮǰӹһʱ䲻֪˵Щʲôá
λ֮͵ǸλļˣϾɵ䣬СԮ֣вҶ
ͷѾΪµѣλͲҪƽ˰ɡҶĺܵ
ֵЩܿɽ֮ܿɽΪҪŻƴػ
ҶĻʱܿɽ˳ԹԼʮֵϣҪ˵ǲܵġ
ҶĽͣʱɢϾ˭ҪԼ֮ɱˣûʲô˵ġ
ԭãҶﻻȡһöϽԺҲ˸ϱӦòʲôͷ
ҶÿһֻҪϽ󣬷ǵᱻͷһõһʼΪĽ
Ҷ֡⣬ǻû˵ʲôءСЩεĵ
ҶЦǳĸλѣ̸˸飬ĪǼλƲСܣ
ôᣬãȻǾͺˣȨǷҶһ飬պʲôҪܿڣ˱Ȼһϵĵ
ãôԺСʲô飬Ȼ鷳λģЩλ̨Ҳһ°ɡҶ
Ҷһ̧֣ʮֻڤķ壬ǰ
ôࡱСƵ˶ʱһڶҲɱֻ塣
Ҷ̫ԶˣҶϾôˣֵʬ嶼ȥҪЦ
Ҷڤ͸룬ЩѾûʲôֵˡ
ɴףʮֻ壬ǻȥϣҲйʡ
Ҷͳ˴飬ҲԼĴ㣬ܸо⼸ˣһЩ鲻ĺӣ޳ࡢ½ͨôգĽύ
ǶԼеٮٮߣ˵󣬾ͻΪһ뢣ʱҲһָͶʡ
˽ӹڤ󣬶ʱĴмҶܵϾԼ˶Ƕţǿֶ飬Ȼʧ
˶󣬸Ҷ˼䣬ҶǷԸͬС
ҶҡͷܾˣҪһԼͬ飬ⶣѧԺĵӣϣܹ
ȻӦ׷׸Ҷ뿪ɽꡣ
Ҷ磬ôô󷽣е㲻Ŷɻĵ
ҶЩЦõһ羫µѵҶǰС𣿡
ֻֻ֪ҪҶĶǺٳȥġ罿Ц
ʵһͶʣѾôˣ˼һҲûʲô
Ҿ˶Ǽа֮ǽÿ϶ǻ£˵һҪ˼ҰæءҶ
£Ҷʲô綼֧㡱Ҷֵ
Ҷͷʱܿɽǰ塣
Ҷһ㶣ȻŶŮЦܿɽ˵棡
Ůһʱϲܿɽıϡ
Ҳ֪ܿɽôģԭӲʤëȻޱȣöŮо̺һ㡣
Ůֵĺһ㣬ܿɽıϾĻЦ
˸磬Ҳϱ߿ˡе
ҶҡҡͷܿɽСһ㣬ԼҪϣܾЩ۸Сһⲻȥ
ҶҡͷܿɽƵһģһɴ͵Ҷ¡
ҶʱɼֱܿɽıϣŮʱһѱסҶ˵ʲôҲϷҶȥ
ҶֻôϱߣŮʱóһЩʳֲֻͣҶҶȻ˵ĻᶼûС
ܿɽӵҶĴʼؾĽܿɽٶȺܿ죬ȻǳȵҶһ˿𶯶о
Ҷ￴һµͼ΢һʱ䣬յǰٶȣҾܵĵĴ
ܿɽԶڣκħ޶Ҫ׷ױãԲҳơ
Ҷһ·ʶȫ˷ԲʮѰ˵ټ
һʱҶһ˿죬ܿɽı˷С
ĵн˰ʱԶԶĸӰڶԳ֡
ų佫ΧһʦǸʦһԲĿǰˡ
꣬Ҷ︡һ˿΢Цϳѩ塣
ѩѾʦΪƱȽؾǰӵķ
·һѷĳʱֽնɱһ㣬Ҷ֪ѩԵ־ࡣ
ѧԺĵӰɡ佫һĵ
ѩͷû˵
ȻˣǾûˣɱ˼״̬Ա߶˵
ͬʱг佫ǿϢ˲䱬ѩ幥
״һ죬һ֧ʸҪȴҶסİɣӦˣ
ѩ佫ǿߣ۾΢΢һУֲս
˱ǰסһ·һʣһ磬һǰն䡣
˶ʱ󾪣ѩ峤ʵһɲǣǶʱͷƤһ飬Ϣ˲ƽǡ
˶ʱȫмܣһˣæ˰벽
ۡ˴ʱնɰ˶ΣһˣΪ磬ӹһǱˣһĿӣѪֱҲն
žžžһ


116 Ҷ诵Σ
ѩһǰ佫һˣ𺧡
žžžһ
ѩһںܱϵҶʱϲ磡
˵佫Ѿѩһ˵Ҷ˵ĳ֣ʱȾܡ
ҶԷ˵˾䡰ڣ
ȻºܱѩǰصһѩļѾԿ佫ˣ
һҽУܵ佫зһͷԵڵء
ѩ忴ûһۣĶҶѩһУȫݴͣ
ԼֵܣҪЩĻϡҶҡͷ
ҶĻѩصĵͷ
ʱܿɽ硢ҲǰѩæǼ񡰼λɩӣ
ѩĳƺʱҶһ㶣ͷʱߵͨ죬û
ҶЩƣһʵͽѩ壬ôͻȻðһ仰
ȿȣѩ壬˭ôƺģӦýʦˡҶЩεĵ
Ϸʦ˵ģ˵ǴߵŮֱӽɩӣԲԿѩʵʵ
ҶһߣϷСӽ̲ɸֵصԺٸϷСѧѧʲôͣ
ѵǣϷʦ̵ֽҲûλɩȷʵǳϲĳƺѩ
ҶعͷһȻȻͨ죬ȫǻϲ֮ɫ
ҶϷɻǸ⣬¶Ԥϵˡ
ҶﲻϾᣬתЩصղż㵶Ȼǿ󣬵ǻʵΪΣ
ҶѩЩŵصղһֻ˰˳ȫʩΪ
ΪβȫʩΪҶɫЩĮ
ղĹҿʩչΣȫһҾûʩչһˣ
ѩĻͷʱԾѣղĹȻʩչΣսʵ̫ˡ
սûκδ󣬵ȥ㽫Զ޷Ϊһĵ͡Ҷ̾Ϣ
ΪʲôͬʱѩǽŵĶͷ亹Ϊһ롣
Ѿ˵Σ˵Ѿеţ˵Ի֮Աǡ
ҶΪݵżҶ˵Ļ;Բ޵ķʸ
ҶĿ䣬ԣͬһ濪УһأΪܹȫնӵеԣ
ȫľǽǰһնϣһǰɹʣûиԼԤκ·ǵ
ҶĻ硢ˣѩȴͷԺ·𽥽һЩʲô
ҶֽӹѩеĳգҶĶؼɱ֮·һ±һ㣬ͷ񶶡
ҶɢɱѾγʵʣ˸оκ赲Ȼᱻն
Ҳն˻֮ҲҶﻺ
ҶҶ޷ԶƮƮ趯˸оʱҶﱾһѾʵľնء
նһȡ
Ҷеĳ䣬ļܿÿһϸڣÿһǰһĻطš
Ȼ⾳ӵҪѣҪͷţҪնһЩ谭ڡ
ѩ۾ʱ⣬ֹͣˡ
䣡
汻նһʮɳһ߶׵Ĺ֡
ǿĿһ޴ʯһΪͬһƽ
µȪˮӿ˲佫ע
ȫһضţʹ˽Ҷ磬ҲҶסˡ
ɵġ⣿ѩЩµĵ
Ҷҡҡͷⲻǵ⣬Ҹ˵ġơͨѣȻǿ󣬵ңǵ޷
бŵ㶼ˣֻնӦ׵˰ɡҶｫѩ
ѩˣΪһ;Ӧһǰ֮ǰΪţԼͶԼĵţŻѩͷ
ĸѩ֣صص󲻹ʲôĵˣһǣαر
ҶһЦҵ㿳˵Ŀģ谭ǵģ͸￳
磬ѩ̫ˣŲһȡøĽѩ
͸Ͳͬĵһ·ڿĹУٵĳɳġҶ
ǣѧԺ֮УʦʦܵģôְѩʱЩΪѵĵ
û㿳ԼˣԺң˵ĻǣʲôҶûĵ
ѩĻöŮҲ̲סЦ˳
Ҷ佫ǰֻֻ佫ΪڶҲֻһ㡣
ʱ˫ȱĶڵϣļʸϣ϶ԣƻȵ޷
ҡҡͷҶЩεصŻǲ԰Ϊʲôǵ鷳أ
֪룬һ˿壬ЦǵţԺкӹˣ½ʦһǱģ
ŶǶ½ͨİֻϧҶﲻмĵҪд㣬½ͨСˡ
ٺپɱ½ʦֻɱӣһҾҲĿˡЦ
ŶҾͰɡҶЦָͷŵˣҸսڶ죬ǰٺ˼
Ҷתͷ磬ҡҡͷǵЩǷ˼һµһεʮһ
ԺãôʮŸˣǰжʮˣ
Ҷ￴˹صôǻʣ¶ʮˣһҪһЩѾΪħ޷ģ治֪һָʲô
㵽±ߣǲįкܶʦֵ㣬Ǻø
쵰ⲻܣһƭҵġ˶ʱû
ƭ㣿ǸҪǵʦʧܣһ뷨װôŵĵӣһŰ裬㵹Ǽ¡Ҷ
쵰ΪӮиҶŮӰɣٺ١˵Ҷɫһ䣬ʱЦ
ʱŭгָʺ쵰ǵװҶʦôˣ
˵ҶѣʱĿ˳г΢΢Ѿ˵Ĳӡ
˼Լһ仰ǵҪʱһ⣬Ц־ɱңٺ٣ɱҺԶòǸҶŮӵˣ
ҸǣǸҶŮӺһͷƽһأѾϣǿϴӦŹҵĻҿԽ鱨ǡҪЮ
Ҷ磬ô죿罹ĵ˾Ȼɫȸ˵ˣϢ٣Ҷ诿ѾΣ֮С
ҶɫһƬ䣬˵ݣɱصˣȡ
˵һֱָӵ˵üġ


117 غ
Ҷһָüģǿ֮ͬһεĵ꣬һ³ʶ֮
һȻ˫Ŀ¶ãȻ֮ɫҶһʹļܡѻꡣ
ѻǵɱĹ֮ʱϽھļܣҶѧ
ѻ̫̣ҶﻹǵһζãΪ¹Ҷ诵˲ôˡ
ǿ֮˵ȫʶ飬ѰԼҪϢ
Ǳѻˣ̻ɰ׳գݴѻֻء
ҶﲻͣҶ诵ϢȻһҶʶԺ
°׺췲ʮ佫һڴ۹ˣҶչΧˡ
ʱҶѾͻ佫ѾﵽĽ׵ʷȸһ·սӣʷȸƣάһʱ䡣
Ⱥгһˣʷȸĳˣʹʧȥ˷
һһ豻Ǳ׷ɱҶ说ʷȸһ·ӶݣƽһɽȣȺ˲ݡ
Ҷ￴ǸȿڵĵʱʱЩ䣬Ϊǵͼϱעһͷͼĵطȡ
ҶﻺѾɰ׳յ£ɫصĸҽˣԼղſЩ档
Ů˵Ҷ诽˶ȣʱŵĻʧɫʦǧһҪȥǸطǱ֮ء
ѩ޺޵ҧ޲ýĽһʬΡ
Ҷ˶ܿɽıϣܿɽٶȸȡ
ܿɽʱһ𣬽ͻָ۷״̬һ·񱼶ȥ
һʱһɽȵڣƣ˸ΣԵɭֲ
ʱĹȿھȻǵӣڣĴ
Ҷɫһ䣬ѩˣ
ѩѾȺʱ͵Ҷ仰ˣ˵ʡ
ǵӣղ˵Ϳһ޴ĹӰ屻ۡ
ѩЩϢһȫԸʱо˵һθһ˿˷ܲѡ
ȿڣҶȥһƬʲôҲ壬ʶ̽Լʶ棬Ҳ̽ʮɶѡ
˵ʮֹ죬Ҷܿɽ֪֪
ܿɽҶһأȥҲȥ޻أǵħ޽ȥҲû
Ҷһ£ԴҵҾȥ诱㣬ߵңʮһûǾȥ֮뿪
Ҫһȥ޵
ˣ㲻ɶץסҶ֡
磬Ҹһȥɡѩһĵ
ҶҲһӣҶǾԲܵģǰĺΪѡ
ҶᶨصǲҪˣҾˣһ˽ȥߣ
Ҷ磬ҪŻ㲻Ͳȥˡ޵
Ҷﰲοһ¶Ůѩ˼䣬С˵͵Ϯ
ߣܿɽػϰȫܵв
ܿɽҪҶһȥǱҶܾˣǰôħ޶ȥ޻أαؽ
ҶɵĹȿڿһۣһͷҲص˽ȥ߶ʱ˶ŮĿ
Ҷں󣬽ǹȡһ·ʶСǰУн˼ҶﺧȻԼ졣
æһԼ޷С
ͬ书һ㣬ΪסˣҶҲǳǿᣬûرġ
Ҷһ·ǰ߳ǰʧһɽ
Ҷһ󲨶·ʲôǣԼԺǰߡ
һҶʱѣֲ֪ʲôʱԼѾһʯڡ
ʯǰ׹ǰģҲһЩħ޵ģеħް׹ǣʹ˲֪꣬ɢһĹǰ϶ǿޱȡ
һߴʮɵĹǼ±ߣҶͻȻҶ诵Ӱ
ҶϽܹȥҶɫЩ԰ףڣֻǻ˹ȥ
ҶʱĲ٣תͷһʷȸӴҲڲԶ˿ڲͣѪ
ʱʷȸҲ˻ԣϢʮ΢ˣٹȻȥ
Ҷһָеһڤĸ֣ҶﰵһÿռָĶȡ
ʷȸľ޿һθϵ֭ҺĿУʷȸ˿ڶʱʼϣҲʼָʼ޷ת
ҶЩƣĴһۣȻ֣ʯһüļһŵɫĹâڻ
Ҷʱһ֣֮̽Ҷ诺ʷȸüģһ޷ʶĹâ
ҶԭΪǾߺն˵֮Ҷ﷢֣պǡǡ෴ǾߺǵüĹ߹ʲô
Ҷ￴ŵϵ׹ǣȻô£һʲô¡
ҡ˼Ҷ诣ͬ˯һ㣬ʼĿա
Ҷʱһҧ֮һźǵüĴȥ

䣡
ҶԺһԼʶ֮Уһ˵Ӱ
ſ۾һҶޱ޼ʵʶ֮ɵø̾һǿʶڿԸˣ
ҶųԼʶеˣǺˣΪҪҵѣ
Ǻˣ˵Ҳ֪ҪǾ͸̸ˣôһֱѰ֮ˡЦ
УҶɻ
ǴУΪݴУѾȴ˽ʮˣʮ꣬ҵ֮ҪϨˣʱɢ¾ҪݴжϾˡ̾Ϣ
ҶЩͿʵڲ˼ܸоǰ֮ˣԼûж⣬֮ǳ΢ʱϨ𣬶Լṹв
ϸĿҶһۣͷСһǿڴ֮ǰӦҲŵϣ϶ޱȵϡ˳ɾͣʵΪף
ᵽ˴٣Ҷʱһʵǰ˵Ĵʲôܷ
ٰ̾˿̧ͷ죬Ȼе޽ʱɫ
ȻǾ̫ˡһ󿪻ЦҶĪ
˵СӣЩҲܸ㣬֪ģ֪ûкô
ٹˣ֪ӣ㽫ԼʬϣһԵˣܴ²˵
Ϊô׹أЩѵǰɱģҶЩɻ
˵ɱġ˵ͷ
ΪʲôҶʱһ
ҵǰ󷨣˽ᱻӡΪԶҵĴУʶǿ󣬱˯ߣ
ҵʱѾľֻܴҴҲ飬û뵽ȻΪ֮ء̾˿
ҺˣĲҵԸɣ
֪ǰ˵ĴʲôҶʱʵ
İɣʧģʼаɣ


118 ˮ¶
˵껰ӣҶüһ㣬һӴϢһҶļ֮С
Ҷʱüһͣ漴Щŵصˮ¶죿׹
˴ʱӰ͸֮ʱɢȥǿЦôȥɣ
ֹȥǰݴʵ̫ˣεºܣʵǰҶЩϻ̳ϿֵĵƽҶ²
ҶΪѣϲǷ飬˽һ׹ԼԼĻᶼûС
׹ǿֻڴ˵֮У۹ΧӵС
һؽ׹ᱻΪ֮ȥԻ
һ£ˮǷ񻹴ڣ˳Ĭһµ
ˮڣ˵Ҷһ£ȷʵû˵һš
̾ϢһЩصȻˣ֮£ѣôؾģ
Ҷʵش𣬽ؾķ֣ᣬ꿪һΣһ˵˳
ѯһЩҶҲʵĻش
ҶĽصϡССĻߣһˣ˿ǰ
֪´δ֮ʱʲôȥֵ򱻳׻𣿡
һ̧ͷһϵĶϽʱȻһЦһ죬ϾҪʧˣʲô
˶ҶСӣǳãǡ·뵽ʲôת׹Ȼ󣬵㲻ȥѧģ
ҶʱһԼѾС¾ȷʵѧˣô֪ġ
ûҶľȣȻˮѾɢͰһˮϵߣˮ¶촫ȥɡ
ǼȻ㲻ϰˮ¶죬ôҲ˼װæôǿҾСŶЩ˵껰һϢעҶԺ֮С
Ϣע룬˵ԽԽȫʧ
Ҷﻺ۾ǰʬüеǸѾʧ
Ҷʬһ£λǰܣҲм
ŹͼʧҶڵֿʼתԶҲʼʧ
Ҷȡǹģֱȫɽȫȥ
ƽʱҶáһֻһɣѾӳˣȫһ
ʯڳһʮĴ󶴣Ҷｫ˵ĺƵУֽΧǰĺá
漴Ҷ诱ϣȡԵɫȸͽ档
Ҷ֪Ҷûʲô󰭵ģֻĹ󣬱Ͼ׹ĴУ˭ܵ˵ġ
Ȼٷ֮һĴжûﵽҲĴ֮ȥܣŻԡ
񴫳Ѿʧ֮һָͻȻǿнѣпܸ˺
Ҷɽȿڵʱһܶʱɱǿ޵ĸһ㡣
ҶæҵİοһżԵĸԼľ׹ĴУҶ˹ȥΪǣ١Ҷﲻ͸¶
ŮҶɻԣЩģҶ֪ǲغ£ܿͻתģҪóȻ
ĹҶ֪ԼѾȥˣ۾֪ߣ϶ޱȼ尾
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˶ܿɽıʱ仹ԣܿɽȵĸ·
Ȼڵڶ죬ҶԼҶﻳУͷЦĿԼ
Ҷ诶ʱ󾽣æҶĻ
㣬˱ŵĸоôһЦĵ
ѾͷҶɫˣȥ˶һ𳤴󣬶ָơ
һʱЦڶҶ￴һŮĶˡ
һЦ໥ԵľҶ֪ԼǸطȻǾ֮ءȡ
ҶðΣգһԼҶ诶ʱˮ
Ҷ˸Ͻο֮ΪЦһ·˱ͷ羰ߺȾò
ҶֱӸܿɽһͰٹֵܿɽˣһκȵƣžƾһ·쭡
ñ죬ȴȻȵҶһۣطӦò˳Ƽݰɣ
еĵڶ죬½˼ˣҲȫ򴫳֮
ؾѾʮˣܹĶǾӢеľӢûһߡ
ǵǿܱϣҶˣʱһĿɿڴ
ȻܿɽֻɢĽħ޵ϢҲ˵
·ɲɻڴ۹ĵӣѩʱ۷Ź⣬Ҷһˡ֮
Ŀ񱼶ȥ֮£ǿ佫ǿնɱ
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ΪҲˣѾʦˡ
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ҶŮֱҡͷѣѩ壬ҶĽ£οˡ
ǣҶȾƵʱҶһоڽƮ˭ܲһ㰡㰡
Ӵоһսھһ㣬ѩޱȳԣÿο˵ʱ򶼻󺰡һ㰡
ޱȾȵǣÿκ֮ϵƾԽԽӵ͡
ҶﶼЩĿɿڴôֱŰһо⡣
һ·Ϲڴ۹ӣŵӣһ·϶ѩˡ
м䣬ҶͻȻЦˣΪԶԶķ֣ѾΪ佫ǿߵҹ꺮˶ǰ
ҹ꺮Ѿ佫Ϊ֮Ϊ֮ˣɼ츳ȷʵˡ
ҶĵһЦܿɽ¶壬˲䱩ǵʮɸߣһ𣬶ҹ꺮ֱȥ
ԭҹ꺮ǰ·Ȼһŭ𣬻ûô£һӴӰԼ
ҹ꺮һʱһԸоǿϢѾﵽס
һ·ֻĽħޣѾħ޵ĿֲĽħ޶Ѿ㾡ȫԸﻹҸħս
ʱȿ񱼣ͷܲ׷ںߣһһСӰһ·񱼡
һ׷һӣгǧҹ꺮һֱ׷ᣬýտˡ
ͻȻͣ˽Ųɫصĳ׼ս
֪ͷʮҵľ룬ͻȻͣס˽Ų㶵Ŀ
ʱһӰںܱϣЦصܵ죬Ǿ㣬ҪҪһߣϱߺģ


119 
վںܱϵҶʱЦĿҹ꺮ôʱҹ꺮ʮֵĽӲ
Цޣֱһӻȴƫƫַϵı飬Լù졣
ŮҶ̽ͷҹ꺮εվʱЦֱ
ҹ꺮εҡҡͷЩ𾪵Ŀһۺܣȫ벻ףҶʲô취ͷ
һ˺ܱϣֱޱĿҶ
ҶЦһµջô
ҹ꺮ͷһؾУһǽ
ҹ꺮ֱӽһѹӵĳӸҶ
ҶӹʱһɹӵϢҶͷһѽЩͷ
ϿһͷͷϻֻСǣһž˱Ƕڽ֮С
ǹŴһޣѪԣײޱȣǶϣǿ൱ʼǿߡ
ʱҫ۵Ĺ⻪ʹ˵Ϸ·һڻζ
ýҶ޵ѽһƷҹ꺮սϼΣ
ҹ꺮ޱصѽˣ
ҵģҶһ㶡
ڳ˶һҹ꺮ȻԼõľ͸Ҷ
ҼȻ׷ţôҵõĶġҹ꺮
Ҷҡҡͷҵ׷ң࣬ǰ㵱ѣҺܲ
Ҷｫʣ׸ҹ꺮ΪԼʵˣʱսңңͿʱȥ
ҹ꺮ӹһµͲű֮㣿
ᣬڵ㻹޷ңҲģƴͰɡҶЦЦУźͰԵ
û𣿡Ҷʵ
ûˣ·ڴ۹ˣɱ˼ҹ꺮
ðɣǵ붼ҡҶЦһͳС
ֱӸҶ诺ҹ꺮˴򿪴ӣʮӡ
ÿһӶ̺ȵˮͷ˶ˮЩӣԻԪ׺ǿܶܶࡣ
徻ҹ꺮Щŵʵ
ҶͷҶｫԼʦ㱻ΧɱԼȣժӵԵĸ˵һ¡
֪Լʦ㣬Ȼ㱻ɱʱ쳣ɱŵӵһɢˡ
ֻˮͱˡҶЦ
ҹ꺮ɫЩӵЩӣЩӣΪ϶ͻͽ
ӺҶڶһһݹУƫƫҲˮԵģҰǣ
ҶһָҶ诵üģ֮תˮ¶졷עҶ诵ļС
ҶзʽǳᣬԲ˴ҶôԵ
һʱҶĿҶһ仰Ҳ˵
Ҷգգ۾ʾҪ˵Լ׾ͺá
ֵҹ꺮Ҷｫˮ¶עɺҹ꺮ĶȫǺ죬ȻҲ˵
Ͳһᳬ㣿úҹ꺮³һ仰
£ͰɡҶνЦ
İɣͳ飬һҳ㣬Ҳ뿪ġҹ꺮
Ҳİɣǲᱻ㳬ģ
ҶĻҹ꺮Ҳ𻰣۾ʼˮ¶졣
˼ҹ꺮ڷܣһ˿һᶼŹﶼѡ
ѩ忴ͷȣҲʼĿ񣬲ԼС
ȴҶһѣ˼ѧʲôĵͬҪΪͽҵģͣĿײ
ǣˣһŬġѩͷ
ҶѩļĳصĽ˵ĵ࿴Լĵʾ
ʱҹ꺮Ҷ诶Ŭˮ¶죬Ͼ׹ɲôѧġ
ѩĳĬĬ
ֻҶ硢˵ЦΪɣıĿĵء
һƬϵǰ˴Ӻ
ҶｫҲս˳ҲҶܿɽȥΨһ
ʷȸûѣȻѾĽħˣǳĵͣ޷Ტۡ
ǰûŻֻһ
Ҷ֪һֱϣΪ˷ֹߵħڣֻſԽ롣
һӰҲûУضѾ˵ڣҶѾһˡ
Ҷ˽źֱӳһĵ֮УǧɵݻǸоԼСһ㡣
ڴǰٸڣʽһ㣬ǽϡ
ǴÿһѨһݴУֻҪĶڵĻأͨˣܵõһС
ھۼϰٺˣСơɽҲȻڣԴŽһЩӡ
Ҷ˵ͷǴ˸к
ʮŮվԶ˶һľ룬Ƕ񻪹ĵӡ
Ⱥһ˼Ҷ˵Цһ¶ӻ֣Ҷϳʦ㡣
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ΪʮڼХݺᣬʮ־ˡ
ʮΧһϸСӰչ񹥣ȴòˡ
ʵҶһ
ȻѾǿˣ
Ϊţڴ۹ǵˣһΧأ
ֹǻ񻪹ӣҲսȦҶɨһۡ
ȻʵѾǿߣǱʮΧ޳ࡢ½ͨһڸ֣Ѿʼ
Ѿ˼˿ڣѪȾ½󣬲ʱһ㡣
˫ͨ죬г󿪴ϣɱѾ߾ʬ塣
ҹ꺮ȥǸ½ͨһýţģҪ˷ˣ
ҹ꺮һԣûȡǽԭı½ͨȥ
ѩ壬Ǹ޳¼ֵ֮⣬Щ뿳ĸͿĸܿٿʵˣ˵ûᣡ
ҶĻѩʱ˷ܵĴһվȦʣ̧־ͽһ佫Դ
Ҷ磬⵽ô£Ϊʲôʵһͻߣôڴ۹ߵһΪʲôҪ룬ΪʲôҲҪ񻪹ĵӲЩɵҳһ顣
Ϊʵĸ磬Ľڴ۹˸ˣԲŻƴͻơ
¼ӵĹȻҲҪУǻǽƽѵΪ˻λʲô˼ˣ
ţһȺ蹷ѣһ£ͻҧ˭ҧ˭ⷽǸ֡ҶﶢųУĵ
ĿųеˣѾ֪ʲôʱУļʸѾ׼Ⱥˡ
ۼ֤ʵıжĽ׵ˣ˼߿
Ҷһ·̽˿صֱʹ죬ʵпħİɣȺ˶ģ˭Ҳܲˣ


120 ʼƴ
ʵҶֱ󣬰ҶĻһۣһ֮⾳һȫ
Ҷġ͵족ٶȿ˼ʮټŨڶ̶ʮʱɹͻƵߡ
ͻߺʵӿȵ־ħ޵ɱܹǿߵͿʼ򴫳
ʱѾʵ󣬼°׵ˣʱ˫ͨ죬ὣɱ
°׼ʵĳ֣ǸһԳ򣬶ʱоò
ֻʵԼɱæһǵӵǰαˡ
˲䱻ʵһ룬°϶ӹһ
˶ʱӦ׷ʵ֣޳ֳֳìǰʵ¡
ȻʵѾɹͻߣʱǳ޷ȫʵ
ʵ֪Ѿ¶Ҳԥż񻪹ҲսȦ
ͬʱ£½ͨŵʵ󣬻һɱҶҹ꺮ˡ
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ڸֵΧ£ʵʱڳȻλѧԺĵӣûһԮ֡
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˺½ͨһݣϳǰ֮ˣʦԼҪɱˡ
ʦԼûгɳ֮ǰɱ֪СӾʲôȻѾ佫ΪȻԼҪһߡ
½ͨɡҹ꺮

Ǿûˣϴ˵ҵҲҪ˷ѡҹ꺮ĵ
ϴ˭һֱ½ͨһƺ
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һֻʦĲΪϴҿ㻹ǽܾʦĺ⣬㻹ǹ׳յġ½ͨЦ
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Ȼܿҵ򻨽½ͨЩԾĿҹ꺮
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˽磬ƺˡ
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ҹ꺮½ͨս֮ʣѩѾնɱ佫ǿߣһ֮
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ʽҲôΪʲôܷӳôأ
ƨû˵ʱ۾һͨҿ
ѩ賤֮ȻǰһӰʱϲ붼һȥ

һ죬Ľ
ѩʱһɴ˺üֱ۶Щ顣
һһֳֳìĴ󺺣һĿԼ
ʱҶ˵ˣǸ޳಻ҪǸʵĲˣǲͷˣ
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ʵһ޳ˣҶмĿһۡ
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ѩļ룬һгΧĵȫȦ˽
޳ࡢӵ˶ʱѹֵǿ֧ˡ
ҶۼϴѶŮ㿪ʼ񻪹Ůк
ʦһǸĶҶҶԲ񻪹ܲķﲻС㣬£
ԭ񻪹λȻľζȻ񻪹ĵӣҲ޷õ񻪹֧֡
Ķ񻪹ڣԼеӣʶΥ񻪹Ĺء
ʵӼ񻪹ԭ磬׷磬֮ŮɹôһֲΪ
ϧҶˣĿľӪһͷһ񻪹ӵ⣬ʲôҲû̵
ҶЦŸǱʾԼ⣬·ϣҲӰ쵽ǵĽ
Ҷָ˵˼䣬Լһ˶ܸǣ໥
֪ҹ꺮ѩ嶼ҶͬʱĶˡ
ѩ廹ҹ꺮ڹƶǼΪš
һһԻ㾡ȫȥû뵽˶Ҷ¡
ԽǸоҶɲ⣬ĸŲǰᾣ˭£
ƫƫҶ˶Ҷӵľ壬ټҶ֮ǰȣȷʵۡ
Ҷһʼĩ¸Ҷｲһ£ʱһС
һҹ꺮½ͨʱ½ͨѾ˫Ŀ֮ȫǿ־֮ɫƴ赲ҹ꺮Ĺ
ҹ꺮ޱ飬гȴֲɱ½ͨ
ҶʱһЦҹ꺮Ҫե½ͨϣеĽ裬治Լڡ
תֿһѩ壬Ҷʱŭ


121 ҶVS޳
һѩ壬ҶʱŭѩǸʲôԵģⶼ೤ʱˣſ˼ʮûԷ𣡡
ҶĻȫʱȸ˶ЩĿĿҶ
еѩ壬ΪֹѾɱ˾佫ʦΪɱ佫Ѿ͵һͿˡ
Ҷ·ѩսǳĲ⡣
ôõĿ˻ᣬɲʱеģԼŰ족Ҷﺰ
ҶĻѩʱѪӿһڽƯ˭ܲ
бһ磬ɵľ룬γһĵӰһն䡣
к޺޵ĺôһ
˶ʱӦûӦӴĵӰնƬ
Ӳĵ棬һնѣɢ
˶ԭѩһֱûóʵһֱš
һ䣬ѩ浶ߣһӣʱŵӿĽڡ
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Ѿ˴ǰļ¼˶׷ױܹ衣
ʼԼѡĿ꣬һѷ㿪ʼһʮˣʼ˴пˡ
ʵҲôпᣬʮֻ˳ɹȫʧܣеֱӱĿܣֻʣ°
пʵʣδе˶ʱһˮǱҶ飬Ϩࡣ
ղһ̰ĵӣȻ˼ԼʵֱȥSĴУֻƬ̹ʬ屻Ӷ׳˶һƬ
һƬţЩѾʼҶˣǸӣ
Ϊʲô˺˵ĲôأҶһ˵䶼ƫСʮӣѾʮͷˡ
񻪹Ҳӽ˴Уֻһ˳ɹѡBĿ飬вųɹˡ
Ҷ￴һǰСƵȵָҲ¼һݰɣһȥսʲôļ𣬶ԣʧҲ£
˶ʱһСƵҶʹðҵȵʵֻǿͨAУSĿ»ᶼʮã
СƺͽɽҲʮֹԼʵУ޷õؽ׹ûճ¼
ҶЦһµ޷ؾ󣬻ѾûʲôüֵˣǷĳ¼ɣʧˣȥҲû˸ǣ
Ҷǳ⣬¸жԭΪҶŵǿȡõؽмؼȻԿҲһ˫Ӯ
֪ԼˣûзʵȻؼ˳¼ֱĶ͡
˻ЩԥһԵǷȥаɣҪ︺ѾӡˣҶִӦˣһֱӳ¼ݸǣ
ãҶֵ¡壬СܼסˣǾ;ƴһѡսⰺȻ


125 ƵƵ
Сƺͽɽ˷󻰺ҲƴˣҶ
һֱӱSУûаԥѸٽ붴С
˶ˣǱb۹һֽɽʯ۹Сƣ
֪ܲܳɹľ飬Ӧóɹʼ͡һ˵
ϾؾˣŸSĴȻʣɼѶжߡһͬ
֪ǲ⼸ѻԭһʱ󣬶ǱĴӶѨгŻرˡ
һҶǰҪ˵ҶȵһϷѣҪ̫棬ӡڣû˸˵ʲô
˵˵ͷڷİο£һطʼˣ˶ᡣ
Ҷ￴һʵʵȥսSSĴаɣ
ʵЩԥҶЦĵȥһɣеͬУ
ҶĻʵͷһжҶܶʱһһչԼ
ľȻ˵ķʽͬͬޱȵ
ʵͷһ𱳺ĳڴĿУߣSSС
ΪߵߣSSУ
Ӧʮþ˰ɣղսʮ佫أ
׼һ¼ĵʱȥһʱ
ʱŻ򿪣ʵڶڣЩ˸ҪʱʵͻȻһѪĶŻرա
ʲôȻʧˣ
һߣȻ޷أѶȵжǿ
ʵһ𱳺ĳ򣬷ɵҶǰЩǸصԲ̫ûˣ
ѾܺˣֻΪΪ̫죬ĿǰȡסĿǰ״̬ҪȥΪһ¾ûˡҶ
ǲĺûãѾˣôûãֻһֻڸµĵС·ûҶĻʵЩʵ
ʵҶﻹ˵ʵͻȻۡһҶ
ҶﱻʵĶͻȻ޴룬û˵ĻҶﻹοο
ϲʰҶ诡ͷأҶβѡ
Ҷ诶ʵǳϤҲǳͬ飬Աο͵ûһ㡣
һЦĿҶһָع¡
ò׵ʵ΢ȶһ㣬ҶҶ诣һֱĿҹ꺮ȥǸSS£
ҹ꺮۾ͷվ𣬻߽SSС
ɣǿ߶ʧˣڳ֮УҶû˹˰ɣ
ǰȻ½ͨӦҲֻ½ͨԸһûʲôϣ
ǰ˼ҽɽСƣSû˾ȻȥսSS
ҹ꺮Ӱʧڶ֮ǰֻ˰ʱ䣬һ죬ʯű飬Ѩ˪ǣҹ꺮ޱվڶڡ
Ҷ⣬˶ʯˣŵĿǰþ˵
Ҷ۾һ𶯣벻ҹ꺮֮ߣɱǰһǲһ˿ˮ¶졣
ҹ꺮һУһѳ߳ߵĳУȻ˻ࡣ
һ࣬ǰԿͨ⻬羵ɢŹӵϢ
һ֣·Щø˿˿ɱӿ
ҹ꺮һӣһ⣬Ⱥȥֱѩǰֱû
ҲɵͷѵȻ˷ļӲ˶
û뵽ֻһףȻжһ㣬ľͽп
˰ԵıѩʱѪӿŵὫ
һ΢Уѩʱһ֣ͨĸо
ҹ꺮һۣмĵͷҹ꺮Ҳ΢һͷصԭؿʼ
ŻȻԭǸSSûйؼֻһѱ
ҹ꺮õ󣬾ȻֱӸѩ壬𶯲ѡ
ѱǱҪȻҲᱻSSˣҲ˵ѵļֵԸؽмͬۡ
ʮа˾Ǵ˵еƷıǻʼǿߣҪۺ첻ѡ
ЩӵĿҶһȺˣɵа̾ŵ磬ȻǷġ
ѩõ󣬲ҶԸֱܵSжѨȡƻ롣
һʱ䣬ҶûüۣһӰŶĶΡ
ѩһ˷ܵı˳Ҷǰ˷ܵصϴϴҵõһؽؼ
ѩ嵱ԼңֻһССĴӵģ츳ſʼ
ԼԴޣһƽ¼ؼѾˡ
Ǹʱ뵽ȻֵܹõһؽؼʱЩˡ
ֽӹѩݹؼһؽ׳Ѫϻ굶Ȼһ
ҶѩļСܺãȻŪһԼĹ
ϴ󡭡⡱ѩЩΣⱾؼֻԼãԴûʲô
ˣɣⱾؼԺЧʻ߲١ҶЦ
ѩ˵䣬ΧˣͻȻ֣Ҷ诶ˡ
ʵ˵ѾȥSȥˣûҶ׷ʣһSĴжŴ򿪣һɵ磬̤ɽҶߡ
ЩĶҶҶ翴ҵҲɣ
˵Żһ֣ݹһؼҶﶨһؽ׳ն
ҶﵹûʲôһݣҶﲻһȻһ鼼רŸʹõս
ҶŴͣʱЦЦһ򶨵Ҷ¶飬ǳгɾ͸С
ҵðɣϽӡɡЦĵ
ҶϸĿһ飬ݼԺУ㽫ؼ硣
ʱһ㶣Щص㲻ӡǿ𣿡
Ҷֵʲôʱ쳣ǿѾˣҵŸ㱳һ飡
ģۣҶʲôʱһЩĽĵ
ܿɽ첻ǳĽҶ֮
Ҷ֪ôش֮ʣһSеŴ򿪣ҶӰǰͷϲ㺹ȴǳϲá
찡SϵĴжùˣ
ǰһֱ۵ƯŮȻҲͨS˵СƺͽɽҪǿ
ʵ̫ǿˣһȺǿĹһһ̬
һֱɽ©ˮҶ诣ȻҲͨSĿˣһһδȫӣСƺͽɽ޵ݡ
˶һۣ˶ԷеĿɬΣԼһ򱻳軵ˣ֪ʲôˣ졣
Ҷ쿴ҵõʲô˵ŵݹһУЩ˷ܵĵ
ǺǣǺзɡҶЦŽӹУ򿪺ҶʱЦˣһۣ˶Էе𾪡
ƻʵ˲˼ĵ


126 ƻʵ
ҶͬʱһҪ֪öƻʵʵ̫ˡ
Ŀǰ۹ֻеǻʼǿ⣬һλʣɼʼǿǶôͻơ
۹ǿ֮࣬۷мʮλǴˣһ޷ͻƻߣֻա
ƻʵһöŴļƷҩ۷ǿ߷ú󣬳߿ϵĳɹʡ
СɣкûвԶ
Ҫ֪ʵıϣȫͬһʧܣôһγѶȻǵһεһεӡ
˵һ޷ɹôԺʵĻᣬѾ΢΢ˡ
ƻʵϹŵҩѾʧˣ޷ԼƣʹΪ˾Ʒ
Ҷ￴öƻʵҶЦ治ö۹Ȼֻһλʼǿˣ
ҶЦЦöҩ͸ɣΪˣñǣ
ǺǣˣöҩԼɡҶҡͷ
Ϊʲôҵһ㶼ܣҶЩʧ䡣
Ҷ诵ı飬Ҷ֣нҲܣ̫˷ˣҵͻƻߣӦòѣİɣ
öƻʵ˭úأҶʵ
ŰɣҹõĻ᲻Ǻܴ󣬵ʱ򿴿ܲ߻ҪĶҶһµ
ҶһԼЩˣõöҩĻỹĲԼͲ˵ˣ¾صĹûƿһ˵
ҹ꺮ѩֱĽ͵⣬ֻҪһֱȥҲƿ
ȻҶ诵ԲһЩҶôˮԵ徻ӣֻҪȫˣȻٶȴӣˮ¶׹ͻƻߣӦòѡ
ҶĻҶ诽ƻʵ˶ĵ˵ĵľϲ
Ҷ￴һϱߵĴУֻһSĶѨǹرյģҶҡҡͷԼҪ˼
ҶϯضóһЩʳҿʼŶ
˼ҶˣѲٳ֣ʱһһSУҲˣûʲôˡ
Ǵһûдйĵӣ׷׿ʼսɹĸĺܵͣ˶ǴͷɥĻ
ֻһ˽õ˽ԭֻʣ˵ѧԺĵӣֻйѩһ˻AУ˶һ
ȻҲѧԺĵӣûҶ˴кֻĬĬĴһ䡣
񻪹ĵӵмɹˣǶֻ̰Ϊĸ
ѡĶһЩC BĴУǱʵҲǿ߰˳ɹõ˴С
žûôˣ˶ѾԹˣ޲ʧܶ顣
Ҷ￴һۣ¹һ£ǰٶˣֻжʮ˳ɹҶµSУҲһֱûõ
Ҷﲻ¸пûʵһ⣬ҲԲ¡
УȫӶܹ˴УҶҲˣǳȥɣ
ҶǱ߻һSĴУôŹˣСЩȵĵ
ΪҶߣһһֱû֣Ҷ˼Ȼˡ
ҶЦؾſһΣҪ㶫
˻ȻʣSҲȡߵĻôؾļֵҪˮˡ
ˣ߰ɡҶȥ
Ҷȳȥɡһ£Ҷ
Ҷһ£˷˼ͷǾͷˣ
ͷԼӪĵӣ׷ʧڴϡ
СƺͽɽҲ̷󣬴뿪ؾ
ѩЩʵ磬ѵȳȥȥʲô𣿡
ȻУȳȥмĺôҶ
ʲôô
ֹǱ蹷ҧˡҶﵭĵ
ˣôˣҲףʱˣǳȥɣ
Ҷ̤ϴ󣬿ռһ󲨶پǰһؾڡ
ԭڴİԺҶʱһʵʱʱͫһ
ǰԺ˶һĿʵ޲ΪϵϢ첻ѡ
Ī۸ڴ۹Ļߣжһ˿ɱ⣬ϱ
ֱܵ˪ߣߴߴ˵Ż
ҶߵǰߣʲôҲû˵Щ治˵
˸˻ڴϣЩ˿ߵ죬ʱĸо
񻪹ĵӳ֣ʮˣʱ˶Ϊ֮Ľŵӣܻųֻжʮˡ
ѧԺ߼ϺֵĹѩˣһҲʮĿǰٵġ
Īһ˿аϲ½ͨ治ϧǸýСûɵ
ڴ۹λߣʱص۹Ѿˣֻô˻ų
Щѿûзˣܳء
û뵽һľ췲Ľ׵ˣȻȫؾѧԺĴܴ
ڴ۹ߵĻ˵꣬;ЩԣеӶһĿ
ȻǻʼǿߣǱһȺСţɵûЩڡ
ȵ˿ϷѵǼҳû̹ò
òһ֮Աǣʱ˵Ŀ⡣
һɫ۵ҶһصЩֻ֪Ժɱ¾Ĺ֣Ҳ̸òЦˣ
С֪ڸ˭˵𣿡ɱڵĵ
һֻ蹷ѣ˲𣿡ҶﲻмЦ
ҶĻҶͬѼһ㣬⵨Ҳ̫˰ɣáһʼǿߡ
߶ʱŭЦصǵô࣬뼤ŭҳɵֶΣ
ĻϷסˣԺǧҪϷһὫƤң
ڴ۹Ļߣ˵Ļ񶾵һ㣬﷢
ûɱ֮Ҳûжޡȣ϶ܣθûôءߵĳªݣҶ¶һ˲ӬĶı顣
Ϊһ仰ôңڴˣȻһȺޡҶЦ
һŴ󣬲Ҷ
һû˳֣Ȼû˳֣߶ʱЩˡ
Ī۶ЩһֲõԤУͷӡ
ֱʱ󣬼̳ϵĴ󻺻ʾѾ޷ʹá
ڴ۹߸Īۣʱɵˣ˺ðβű׵ص˭ܸô£
ȫû˻شЩţı鿴ǡ
Ī۶ʱŭһƶĵӣȵ˵ô£
һڻߵѹʱӶã


127 ߱ŭ
úˣû˵¡һ̲ĵ
Ī۸ڴߣʱŭתͷȥֻ˵֮Ҷ
ڴҲ޿̣һһҶȵС
һڻߵİԵҶҶ¶һȣҪٻͭս
һ֧ʸֱȡڴǿߵüģٶ֮죬˸ճ֮ʱ͵ǰ
ڴһһָǼʸϣʸʱۡ
ƲֱҶθնһһӰ޺նɱ䡣
Ȼǵͽ⡱ڳĻʼǿߣΪ֮ݡ
Ҫ֪õý⾳ģȴʮδسһȻͬʱʹЩʼǿߣΪ֮𶯡
ڴҲû뵽ǰһȭͷϸֳһ׹⣬ܲãǰ
飡
ཻзһ졣
ɹסڴߵΣΪ֮һ١
ڴߣЩŵĿеȭͷȻһ˿ڣѪ䡣
һƬž˾Ȼ˵һλʼǿߣֱǱըԵš
ȻСˣڻʼǿߣֵһӣȫͬ
ҹ꺮ѩʲôΪҹ꺮佫ΪѩţֻʦΪѡ
佫֣ڻǰ͸һ㣬ǵΪȫ߸˵֪
ףΪʲô⾳ߣôˣǵսĿࡣ
ڴ߶ʱɱ⣬Ҳ˿Σȭͷһ٣Բռһ󲨶һʮȭͷڿУҶ˺޺䡣
Ҷ˶ʱͷƤ飬ȭͷûٽѾŵϢʼǿ̫ǿˡ
һȴ۸СһԽԽȥˣ
һ޴ƣǰ
¡
һ죬ѿڻʼǿæתԪγһ˶֣Լ˻ס
ס֣һΥԼ뱻Ⱥ𣿡˪ʺȵ
۹̫һŭ
ԼؾڵĶԹ粻øԤѵŴս˪սĵ
Ŵսһʱ侲ãҾ֪ڴôģ˭ɵģ
û˪ʻشҶӿڵ׵ģΣҧң
ҶһǷ飬ĳһ屩ߣ
ʱĪĿҶң˭ɱŵӣ
ҲҡҶﵭ֣·һ㣬Ī۵Ŀڡ
쵰ǸڴҪɱŵӣս𣿡Īۻɱӿ
ͷ⣬װʲô⣡
ҶƿڴҪ½ͨɱӣǻеõɱǣ
ʼҹ꺮츳½ͨؼɱǸSBӣȻֻҪӾ͸ɱۣҲûˡҶĭɵ
ҶһԾĿҶһﲻʵǿҲûߣҶһߴû˸Ұɡ
쵰ĪԳûǽ챻һСô˵ֱɱܡ
Ǻһ֣ҪҶɱȥ
Ӱһ˪ʳǰصĪѵҲ׼Լ𣿡
ȻĪŰĿһУǶǰ˪ʼɵѣʾԲĶ֡
Īۿһ۳һ壬һݵĽһȫƱҶ˳˹ȥ
ͷһ˿ΪеȫûѾʼķԼ˼ˣ׼ȫɱӡ
Ҫ֪ȻԵֵסһ壬Ǹֹɱ±ߵӣ˪ֱĪסԮ֡
뵽Ӷʱɫ䣬ҪҶܣͻȻӰס˳һ塣
˶һȫǻʼǿߣֱb۹ʯ۹͹ƶ
λǺ⣬ºͼλ޹ڰɡһЩĵ
ƶһλʼǿߵûʲôڣλҶСֵܣǹƶѣ»ǻȥɣ
ҶܱƶĻʼǿߣΪСֵܣֱЩţҲ̫˰ɡ
ǳһ壬Ӻ˪ʶʮ⣬ҶȻϽ顣
·һʱֲ֪ˣһ봫ʧǰ
ĪۼһѾˣֻʣԼһˣʲôΪ
Ҷ޺޵صСӣҵţһὫɱļȮ
ԭһֱֵҶʱɫһ䣬ɱʵʣʼǿ߶Ϊ֮һ䡣
ĪҲҶɱ⾪ͷֱвų
Īģ˺һëһڻϡҶһһĵ
һʦвߣһǳЦǵҶ˵˶Ϊ֮𶯣ΪҶ˵ʱ͸¶ǿš
ߣҾͿӲʲôʱĪת뿪˴˵ء
˪ЩӵĿҶ͸оҶսǿ署ؾڵľԼȫҶˡ
һɽƽʱ˸оǳƽȻһ֪ж
ڴ۹ŵľӢȫΪҶȫû֮ǰ˭ܹõ
Ī˪ʣôĸ֪ĻҲԼĵȥϧûкҩ
Ҷллһְƣ
˪ʿеġָҶӵ¶ѨľѪʯ
ҶЦǾǰˣ
˪ʵͷ֣ҶҲҪ񻪹ˡ
ۼڼʱЩؿҶﻳˮʪա
Ҷ磬Ҫңʦ˵ҵ߾ڵˡ
İɣҲŬУʱǾһˡҶﰲο
ɵĵͷҶķ·ڻˣӯεӣ
Ҷȥӣ˶ʱڻŨ֮У·ؼһжˡ
֪˶ã˻ֿܵ˶Լʱͨ졣
æӳҶĻθҶ诸𣬻Ҷ诸˵ЩʲôҶ诶ʱࡣ
ҶĿУٻӰʧڴϡ
ˣԶˣ׷Ļ͸ϽĸоáһƶĻʼǿߴȤ
ҶŻعæλǿ߼񣬸лǸղԮ֮顣
˸Ҷ΢һлᵽȥ͡
˶ǻʼǿߣ˵Բ𽵹ȥҶ˵ǷһЩҶ飬ʱҶĿ࿴
Ǳb۹ʯ۹ƽ׵õһؽ׸߼սνǷҶＫ顣
֮Ҳ׷ɢȥعԼ
ȫˣЩɫصصҶ˻ĳǳˣ
ʲô


128 ޳ 
ԺĻҶʱһ
һε޳ǰ۹ϵĳǳأ⵽ħ޹ʽǳϾԺЩصĵ
޳Ҷͷһһε޳ӦûʱŶԣȻһǰôࡣ
˻ĳÿãɽ޳ô˻ĳǻǵһĳǳء
Ҷһµǲǲڰ˻ĳǣ
ȷڣ˷һǰɹͻƻߣڣ˻ĳǱȻ̩ɽ
ϧڴ۹Ȼ޳ʱӶ͵Ϯ䣬ǰѾ߳ǣֱƵ۶˷ʾ֮ս
ͷһݣҶʵѵڴ۹Ͳܵ޳Ĺ𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪ΪΣ޳ڴ۹ܹ٣ͬ˷ѽ⣡
ҶɫأӵҲ̫ģѾɰһִǰȥ˻ĳ֧ԮˣӦÿԳһ󣡡
ҶѾȥ̤ʵ٣԰ӸмصԺ˷ˣ
ӺͰЦȻûʧؾںɨڴ۹žӢѧԺˣ
ҶЦЦһ£˵Ǿ֮ͣ־˵̫ûнӻ
ˣȻɣһ¶ǸϽȥ֧Ԯ˻ĳǣѧԱǻȥҲȫɳȥֿ޳Ҫˡ̾˿
˵ˣ̤˴תۼصѧԺ
ѧԺҶȻסټԭش
ҶһңԼõؼȫó԰ӵ򶨣ҲЩĿɿڴ
俴ؽ׸߼սǰնʱ򣬸һ仰˵
ȥ˲²⣬SSSĴУӦǵؽ׸߼ս˭ûаա
ٶ֪ж콾ȥսSSS޲㬶顣
벻ҶȻʦΪɹͨSSSĴУȻԺûе͹Ҷ𾪲ѡ
ҶһջķᣬؼջıѩõģҶû㽻ֻóǰնͷȭ
ˣҲ޾ϲˣҪ֪ѧԺһֻؽؼҶǵͼġ
һߵؽмһؽ׸߼һѧԺʵһʵķԾ
ӽӡõؼݸҶҶﰡϽ˹صؼѾԶԶѧԺܹģʲôҪ󾡹
Ҷ￴ûؼպãŰӵԺ˿ûѧԺûҶĽ죬Ҷﲻʲôر
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131 
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ԭ뽫ͷȾ϶ϻȻ
ҶʱˣʱҶΪʲô˵ʮ֧ʮͷħ޵ˡ
ĶʲôħܿסֱǶ
ҶЦЦһ֧Ⱦ˶ļʸֶħ̱ĽħˣܻĸҲᳬɣ
ĽħֱӱЫУ϶ҶѾҺϡˣȻࡣ
˾Ϳʼڹæµ˷ͣĽʸȾ
ֱʱ㽫ʮ֧ʸȫȾ˾綾ʸ
Ҷﳤһʦǿߣһҹ࣬ȻһЩƣ
һжֵõģЩʸԻΪ˻ĳǵĴɱ
Ҷ˸ϵͷʱħѾʼˣΰʿѾţħչ˽Ѫս
ӴʷȸڿشһװҶ诣ֳֳѲȫɱڳϵĸ߽ħޣʿ
ƮȻɵķֳֳʿգʱһĿꡣ
Ϊ˶Ůı˻ĳǴʴĽͣѾǾ
ҶеĽӣ͵ſģɱɣ


132 
Ҷڳţھʿߺμ
ʿѪĿԼҶԼѪҲ˲䱻ȼʿˣڰ˻ĳһ̣׿Ŀ־壬ײеħսǶǰ˻ĳǵʿǵֽذ˻ĳʷᣡ
Ҷ߰дԣʹɱУȻսÿһ䡣
˻ĳǱʤȫʿһ챩ȣҰ
ʿҶĻʱѪڣоʹȫնɱǰħޡ
ҶǷ΢ЦҶﻹһߣ仰ʿǵʿһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
һЩվڳ¥ϴʿǣ±ߵս޲ֱȥս
ҶӰʹڰ죬Ȼڸǲסʹ⻪һҶ󣬳еҶ·һ㡣
ಡһʮһֻħӦһ˵ʿ
ۼҶûȣ̣ҶҪȷ߳ࡣ
䡱Ҷ񼼣ȫʱҶͶء
Ҷÿι춯ȻһֻħӦ֮ǿ޲ᴩʱֱӴͷħޡ
Ҷ쿴ͬսһҶ˫Ŀͨ죬޷κݡ
¥ˣޱȾηޱȳݵעҶ۹漶
Ϸת͵͵ͱһһݵѩ壬ͷϴˣҲȥɱһȦɣôҲ
ѩҡҡͷûǳ֣Ǿʵžˣģ
ûɹϷЩΣתͷһ۱Ŀҹ꺮ſڵûУֻܿš
ʱ仺ȥٽʱҶһʿԭսĻس
ڴʿʱͬͻһ㣬ӣȺ
ԭսһʿЩδĳ˻Ѿûʹʹսˡ
սҶҶ诵ػʿǵ˼ͣһսֻʮ
ֶǰⳡս˵Ѿ޷ˣһսʿһɨյʤϣ
һʱһӳʮͷĽħޣûǱǰҶնɱȫӦͷĽħ޵ĳȫһ
ҶҶնɱĽħޣͬвһ䣬˶һ󻶺
磬ֵʿ⣬ȫԼڹ㳡ϣħʢ硣
ΪҶĻع飬ҴϣԭŵڳǣҲʼָѾΧŻظ
һЩŮǣҲ˽ħ޻ӣֱǸƽʢ
ϷɧѾסˣʼһЩŮǴԼ䣬ǵЩûôŵС۷Ź⣬ϷɵĴһѡ
ҶȽæµһ߹ʿһ̽ԱڤĸЧֻҪ֫϶ָܿ
ҹ꺮ԶһԱĿܿɽֻųԶ⼸ǳģԷſƤɾĳԡ
սΪҶĻع飬ɼٴα
磬ħȺ˾޴ı仯ʵΪҲǶħޡ
ħǧĽħһҲֵһٶֻ
˾ʷ˹ģ޳ֱ޷
˵ǰ˻ĳǣǱ޳ܱܲ¶˵ο˷ʼǿߣڳڡ
Ҷ졢ຣͰߵ˶ɫ԰ףЩãȻĿǰЩǿħޣһʱ˵
˲ԼͬĿϣǸֶĺɫΣҶϣһ˿ź;ɥ򶨲١
磬ټһǧ֣׼˰ɡҶ
׼ˣһԴߵ
ҶټһЩԾ׼Ĺ֣Ϊ˽׼ġ
ϾÿһֻȾʸǳ󣬲˷ѣһǧ㹻ˡ
Щʸȥħٽǽһֻħޣֻһ˷ѡҶĵϾ֪Ժжħޣʡʡ
ǡӦһӹҶĿռָתȥ
Ҷͷѩҹ꺮ǳˣ
ҹ꺮۾˵ͷһԾ³ţԶĽħȺȥ
ѩҲ󣬱һƬĽħܼ
ʿӰɳʱһ˽޳Уû˽Ӧ졣
ҶͬʱܿɽſڳſڣֻҪħ޿ǽɱ
ϷʱչһĵϴܸҰŵʲôҲͷ
Ҷ￴һϷɣЩԥصڳ⸺һЩħްɣҪСһ㣡
ϣϷɶʱϲ⼸ԼĶˣ˼ȻûɣȲչʾһԼ
ҶĻ˵Ծ³ţֱӳħȺг裬˲ŵ˼ͷħޣʱһЩʿľ
Ǹ˺Ϸɣ˵ģȻǿ
ȷʵܹͬ׶սħޣ׻ܺüͷĺ
ܶ˵ĿⶼԼӢϷɶʱƮƮȻչԼ
䣡
һ촫ȫĿ˹ȥ
һʮɵĵӰصն£ͷĽħɼΣֲƻضѣΧһЩħ޷׷ױ
һӰûʧڶӰֳ֣Ⱥɨ
ۣ
ʱѪɣʮͷħ޶ʱն顣
찡Ǹ˾һֱԱߵˣ
Ϊֻʦ죬ôôֲʵ
Ȼɲ⣬ߵ˶ôǿᣡ
˶Ϊѩսʱҹ꺮Ҳ˹һӡ
һֻĽħ޲˿ͣڶͷĽħޣһͷħ޲ӳһȦѪۣѪ쭣˶ͷڵء
һͷħ޸յ£ڶͷҲҹ꺮ĳΡ
ҹ꺮ĹһʮͷĽħ޵ע⣬һȫҹ꺮˹
ʮͷǿĽħޣܶҰǽϺܶʿ
ҹ꺮ɫĮһԾڿն𣬻ƱзһѩΪ֮һ
ԭĳʱһ˪ն䡣
ۣ
ǣûնħޣնڵϡ
ųأһɫ˲串˷Բɡ
ԭʮͷĽħޣʱһ˪һ
ҹ꺮һʮͷħ޶ʱͬĴһ㣬ɢһ顣
ղųͷϵ˿ѩսѾԼӸҹ꺮һʮͷĽħޣǾһ仰Ҳ˵
ϷҲ˶˵Ĺʱͷζɱһɴͷ˼ɱֱӻص˳ϡ
ʱҶһϺȵ
һǧ֧ʸһ㣬ϵħޣǱеħޣһʱ䣬׷׵


133 Ϸ
Ҷһ£һǧ֣еļʸħȥ
֮ۡȻʸֻǵƤëûҪмħޱ˼׷׵ء
Ҷȼ⣬˶ĿɿڴĿһУͨļʸȻħޣС
ߴʱףҶｻļʸжôǿˡ
ڹһ󻶺׷׼乭ķȥǶǵ߸µһͷħֻһ
ʸŹ֮󣬳ǰѾħʬ壬ѳһƬɽһ㡣
ֻħޱڵأÿͷħɵĸ߶ȣѰ˻ĳǰĿյ
ʿ۷ŹĿЩħ޵ʬ壬ǿɶǽӲӵĽҰħ޵Ƥë;ˣǼֵߵġ
ʱ䣬һ޳ȫնɱһ©
һЩԭ©ħַʱպѾɱи߽ħ޵ѩҹ꺮
Ļ輸£Щܵħޣʱնɼ顣
ۼȫʤʿʱ۸ߺǻǵһᵽԼôǿ
ǻޱȾη飬ҹ꺮ˣûһ㣬վҶ󣬷·ղŵĴսûϵƵá
Ҷȫɨսħʬʵ̫ˣ˸С
ʿ˷ܵս׷ͳھ˵ھˣƤİƤ
Ҫ֪ɱħޣģ޳ˣϼջĶٽмνġ
νŻܹͦ޳һʿֵĽǵĹһˡ
ҶɨһۣһֱԾޱȵϷɣͬ˪һ㣬һһ仰Ҳ˵
ȻϷСӵƤ˵㣬һֱҶĲ϶Ǳѩ˸ˡ
Ϊۿѩɳģѩʱ죬ʱϷѾʿΪ
ѩΪѾһս˦֣˼նɱĽħѾͬ̽ȡ
ҶЩյҡҡͷ»ǲð죬ؼϷû֮ģǿ
ֻԺ˵ˣ˴ɨսѻɨϣһЩʬϵԶзա
Щħ޶ܳˣ󲿷ֶЫⶼˡ
ҶôɨսʿСĽһЩʹõĶջȻùһζԴȻܹµħޡ
̫ûɽѾȫʰ׵޳ɵһ죬ûһҲջḻһ죬ջһʸ߼ˡ
һٶöĽ׾ˣҪҶʱҶѾ뿪ˡ
һҶҵӸҶԸԺо֮Ķ߹޳󣬵ɸʿ
ҶѴ˻صҶңս磬û˼شš
ҶﻹǰܿɽˣԸسʿúд
ܿɽгԵľУסɲں
Ҷ̫û׼ҹ磬պòϡ
ټļϰŵƽַǷҹ꺮ѩ˶ܵӴ
ƹѲҶһӣҶﾴơ
ͷǵƹҶҶأҶһ󱩴򣬲ͽ˺ɽ
겻Ҷص˲٣ΪҲﵽ߰죬ҶҲһˡ
ǸѧԺĵȣȻˣҶضžƱһص峤Сܾһꡭ
ҶֶƱһµѾȥˣǶСˣȾƣ
˵ŶƱһҶҶﾴƺ󣬺һڵҲ׷ơ
뵱ǸΪ峤ѾΪ۹ǻһ㡣
Ҷ˿ζĳݣҶÿ˺һǲҪȶ࣬սڼ䱣־衣
ӭս޳ʱҶͷֺܶҶҵӺ͹żҵӣʿķս
ͨЩɱЩﳤĻ䣬ھһ˪ϴ񣬱ó
Ҷһ䣬Ҷ诣ҹ꺮ѩ塢Ϸټ
Ҷｫӡõĵؽؼָңһ屾ȻЩؽؼڵǰǺܴ󣬵ǴǰϤһҲã
ؽսһʹñ׼ҲҪսУԪ㣬޷ʹá
ǿд߶ĻԼܵˡ
˶һܵĽؼϷЩĲɡ
˶뿪ҶｫϷЦô˪ӣһ㾫ûУ
ϷɵͷЩɬصôٵĳɳҪ˶ãСܾҪ뿪ϴˣ
ϷȻ裬ȴǳ֪ȥԼֻȻ뿪Ҷˡ
ѾҶĽŲֻΪ׸˿ﲻκæ
սϾ֪ļֵԽԽˣҶߣ⣬ҹ꺮ѩ塢Ҷ读ǷһǸеĸ֡
ȻϷʵҲ㲻ǸЩеűľԱ
ҶЦЦ˵ȻϴҾͲᶪģ
Ϸɿɥ֪Ĳϰϣǿϴߣֻ鷳Ȼ׷ϴκ㰡
˵ϷɣʹľԼͷܲģ޿κΡ
ҶЩûһŵڳһһ޶ϵļƣҼȻ˵ĻаΪһ֣
Ϸɶʱһ˼ĿҶͻȻһ˵£һѱסҶĴȣ޺ϴ̫ΰˣֱܸҼĸְ
ιιɿ鶼ˡҶ˦˼£ŰͬţƤһϷ˦
ϷɸϽӽһĵصϴ󣬵ʲô취ܰұɸְ
Ҷ˼һ£ʵΪһޣǷŬУ
ޣôܡϷ۾ɵһ
һַ԰ޣԺŬĻӦòᱻҹ꺮µġҶ
ҾȻԸҹ꺮ǸһϷЩţҹ꺮ѾΪＶţԼԸҹ꺮ֱԼĶ䡣
ǰûԹҲ֪벻ɣҲһķգԸ𣿡Ҷ֣صĵ
Ը⣬Ը⣬ʧˣһܱƽĻǿϷеĵ
⵹ǳҶԤϣû뵽һǻϷɣﵹһӣ֮ܽ⡣
ڴϣ·ˡҶ
СЩϰ߰ϷЩΪѵĵ
ҶֱһԴϣôʲôҵȡأʲôϽˣ
ϷһҧڴϣСҵһжϴģʲôʱ߾ðɣ
Ҷɫڣһĳ嶯˼Լȶ
˫ֽӡʳָָ£Ϸɵǻһ˿壬صһǧ򲻿ɳǰ


134 ɽ
ϷɼҶ˵ɭʱоЩǻ˵ͬһһ㣬ʹ鼰ȫ
ϷһֱҶĻʹ۵ͷ󺹣ҧأһԡ
һʱҶǿԪԼϷ֮һϷ֣֮΢΢һ
һͬ͸ˮαֽҶｫöˮΣԼˮͽϷɵĵ
ˮϷɵĵϷڵԪʱըһ㡣
׷ӿζһ㣬ǰҪɵˮ
ҶԪӿ룬˲佫ˮͬʱעԪϷԭԪѹơ
ѹסЩԪҶ￪ʼ߶ˮתΧԪա
ϷɵԪҶѹƣһֿûУ𽥱ˮɡ
ʱƣһʱϷڵԪȫˮա
Ҷջ֣Щƣص˼ʧˣʧȥΪ
ϷһµЩĸӦһ£ڿտҲԪȫʧ
ʱ޺ŵҾ֪ûôã֪Ͳðˣ
һϷɸоЩԣȻԪʧˣڳһ
չһʱϲ񣬼ҶһЦʱˣϴȻˣԼ
ϷŷٺЦϴȻСܿЦǰ߰۵İŵð
ˣϴǰҵʲôΪʲôôۣϷЩµĵ
ûʲôȼԪ᲻гҶﵭĵ
ΪңϷɵɴ۾Ҷ
ǰһʱ䣬ûһȷϺӦòˣŽи족Ҷ
ϷĿɿڴҶҲ˵أǰߵʹûаϵҾǲһʹѣ
Ϸһƨڵϣصϴǲôİ
˱ϻˣҵķĵáҶһϷɵüģʱӴϢһӿϷɵԺУȻϷɵǿһ»˹ȥ
Ҷʰһ£ɽһƧ֮ҶﵱΪӭսҶƣʯȭĵط
Ҷﹴ˲˼ǸĲѾһʦǿˡ
ٴλص˻ĳǣѾǸһĲСӣǶӲӵĹ⻷ع顣
ŵԼһȭ򴩵ĴѾϱߵĶڡ
Ҷʰһ飬ʼǰն͡ȭ
ؽսʩչߵҪǳߣǿΪ⣬Ҫ侫΢ĳԼսĸ
սһ˵ؽףƻѾǿ󵽲˼ĵز
µսͬͷ⣬Ǹһβͬ
ͨʦϵߣԽͷų⣬žӣ˥
ԵҶԶ£ɹֵסߵһ
ǵؽսȫһķʽͲڣ⡣
ڵԪΪͷ⣬γǿĹƻ
Ԫܻ߳ܿԪɣˡ
Եؽսֻǿ߲Ÿʩչܹȫվģǻʼǿ߲С
һͰʩչĶǵؽսನܹˣбɡ
Ҷ𵱳ȻͶаʾսʱʹһУֱ춯أӦҲǵؽ׸߼սɡ
Ȼ֮ˣҶʱͷһŻȣܸоȻһֱڹעԼ
һǰ壬ңò꣬ҾͻȥģҶսȭͷ

ɽڣԭĳȻȻӦĿ¶һĨԡ
Ҳ㣬ץʱɳɣҵСˣ
ȻԺУֳҶůЦݣʱ΢̣ߵʻȥˡ
ȻȻɫһ䣬ϸ־ֵı飬˫ֱͷ˿ʼ
㣬ôˡȻȻ߳һŮӣֻʮ߰꣬ȴѾΪ
ֽȻסһеĿ
޷ˡһͺˡȻɫ԰ף㺹յ䡣
㣬Ĳȥֻ㲡õ⡱Ůĵ
ȻҡҡͷȻ־ǳļ
㣬ΪǸˣֵܿ𣿡Ůʵ
Сٻ㲻ãһ찮һ˵ʱ򣬾ͻᷢΪʲôòҪˣûʲôֵòֵõġȻǻһĻߣĵ
ǽڷƵԽԽߣôͦùȥСٻŮǵĵ
£һҵġȻḧһ㷢ϵ
ǵʱͻ˻ߣҲһͬһģʱô죿
ȻЦЦҵ۹⣬һܹһʷɱΪ˱ңԼˣҾһһкη
ɵСٻҡͷ
ɵɵɣôһֱУҺúõɵһذɣ
ȻתͷСٻҹעĶһε޳ǰ֪ܷӦĹ
ðɣ׽˼ˣȥһ俴ɡСٻҡͷ
ллáȻȻ
СٻĲУһĳȻضϵ˼ۣͻطС

ϴεĲɱҶ˷ǳߵĬĹУҹ꺮ѩרŸնɱĽħޣĽ֡
ļսļ¼˾ǣļսУѩնɱħޣȻΪﵽʦ졣
һֱϷɵӰֻѾ˵Сһֱڷﲻ֪ڹĵЩʲô
ҶҲôСһֱ߶߶ģôھôڣֻҪҾˡ
ҶһվڳͷֻùҪŵѩ塣
ΪҶһֱѩƴĿɱһ·ǰ豣һͿٽķͬʱҲ򵶵;
ҶҪѩһǰƣնһ谭ľġ
ȻҶ£ѩޱݺ޳Ľħһ붼Ǳɱġ
ѩѾڰ˻ĳսʿУΪ񵶡ҹ꺮Ϊ佣
ҶƺʱݸһЦЩһȡһס
佣ȷʵǳǵķ
ɱ¾Ҷһ¶жʮ֧ûù
ҶԸյĶֶȻԲһЩɿɱħޣħж󣬷ʱ᳤һЩɻᱻ
ôҶﰲ࣬Ĺõ֧ʸӦÿ֧һʱˡ
ֻ޳ʮֹ죬ڣݼڵħ޹ģǿȣǿʮֹ
ռأһһֻħ޳֣ǿһ
һսڶȫʿӵĳڳǽϣ׼յһ졣
ǵ޳ֵʱ˶ɫ԰ףеɪɪҶҲͷһ
ô


135 ӭս޻
һξһ򶨵ҶﶼɫˣΪǵصħ˻ĳӿ
һβеϵħޣħ޶ֻԶԶܸӦǿϢϡ
ĿյӰħӴ̤ŵ棬Բǧض
˾ǣħ޴ߣĸߴӰ궼о
ֱһͷħԳһͷҾһͷʨʮɸߵӴκǿϢ޲ʾǶħޡ
һһʮɵľ򼣬ͨڣɢ޾ɱ¾Ϣ
Ϣ˶еħ޵Ϣ൱ߵΪ
ȫʿ޲ɫҰףڲͣķг˿־塣
ʱ߿޾޳޳ƴǸ赲гˣҵֵħޣ
ˣҵֵߵǵİʿ
Щ۹ԸԼΪҶסħޡ
˳˰ɣ޳ѾܹˣҲ޼¡Ҷһɬĵ
һҲǰˣǵ츳Ȼɾޣﰡ߰ɣ
ҶҡҡͷϳߴЩȻΪ£ɫҰףһƬʿ
еĿⶼҶǵУҿ˿־壬˾ҲǱɣ˭ӱܣ
ΪһУͻɱ¾ﶼǵˣǵֵܽãĿţħ֮𣡡
ܡҶĻеĸĸ޶׷սе
Ѿû·ˣǱײеħսΪǵ˶սҲǻǿԼȡ棬ǰȫĻȥ
󣬲˻ǻţ㶼ǰ˻ĳǵӢۣ˻ĳǵĹУԻ¼ʵһҳֵҶսɣҶȣ
սսսʿǣۺˮ׷׾󺰡
ҶȻ
ĩڣ
Ⱦʸȫȥ죬Ӧһսϵ˻ĳǵҪٱˣȫõҶ
ǡӦȥ
ҶתͷҶǳս״Ҫˣ
ҶҶļҶƢ飬˭Ҳı䲻ˣԼְﲻҶæֻȥˡ
ѩ壬һȥԸͷħԳ꺮ͷͽˡ˶ʱ˵ͷ
ͱ㣬ڳϣܿɽԸʨǵסǽħ޽СҶ֣صĵ
Ůʱ˵ͷʱѾû˵ϷɣҶߣ˷ܵصϴûѾѧ˲١ѡҿ϶ʧģ
Ҷû뵽ϷɾȻôģԼ˲òࡣ
ڲϸѯʵʱ޳ѾϾҪƽ˻ĳˡ
Ҷһֵǣ֤ഺѪʱˣɱ
ֱӴӳ£˻һħ޴ȥҹ꺮ѩһһ˳״ǰ塣
Ŵ󿪣ţҶ졢˴һڸ֣ǰ
ħ޿ǽټ̵ĳǽҲӴħƻ
󷽼ʸ籩һǰ䣬ħ޷׷׵أһЩĽħмսҶѹСࡣ
ʸδͣÿһ֧ʸһǿħ޵
ҶʷȸйԼҲսг裬һֱչҶˡ
Ҷ诣սѾߵˣڲ׹ҹ꺮ʺˮ¶졣
ټϲͣ徻սѾ˿ѩˣֻҶһֱ֪ѡ
Ҷǳ͵ֱչʾĿֲÿγ϶һˮߣʮɡ
Ǵħޣʱпеĳͬһ㣬Բʮڣûκħܹ
һҶΣҶ诳һˮһĲ˻ʱͷĽħ޺ͼʮͷħ޷׷
ҶĿɿڴҶ诵ıϣǰȫࡣ
ܿɽһֱڴǰпħޣһ
ħҪǽʱܿɽĴأĵҴһƬħ޶ڵϡ
Ҫ˵ս˷ܵҪϷɣǽϼħܼӼȥȻ촫Ѫɡ
ҶĵúϷɼֱҪҶﵱɴĤˣѡķĶܷ
Ϸɲϲž˵츳ļ֧ţʱͳΪһߡ
ڡѡģŽ̬ĳԣЩ켸Բȣͣġ
Ȼ̳˰ٶҶ֪Իᾪȵһ°͡
Բ뵽һƵϷɣȻ
Ȼ۵ҪǽϷɾս׬սʿı飬ƮƮɵĸо
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һ·ϣ裬֪ɱ˶ħޣѾմħ޵Ѫζ˱ǡ
ҹ꺮ѩ壬ֱԼĿ꣬Ҷƹͷʨֱߵľ򼡣
ͷӴħޣҶﲻ˿⣬һͺٻͭս
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䣡
һ죬ҶﱻԶؿһѪӿ
а治ħޣȻǿ
Ҷ֪ԼһһǣȫʿԼ㾡ȫսС
һһǹ裬ս
޴ı죬Ұ𶯣ϳһӰһ򼣬չһս
ҶȻʦΪֵסһͷħޣȫʱܹ衣
֪ħ޴սԼҲҪ׳Լ
ʱ˻ĳǵսʿս쭣һʱ佫޳ɱ˲١
ԭȱҶҶ诵˵ʨձǰͱܿɽһҴ̻ˣѾ׼õķһǶ۾
Ы֮ʣҶһιնһ½ʨľ޴ͷ­¡
һͷħޱɵʱ˷һ󻶺ǻϲĿҹ꺮ѩ壬סԼĶ֣һʱ䲻¶ࡣ


136 Ӱ
˻ĳ⣬Ƶ£ʿǣӭս޳ħ˶ʬѾ˵档
ǰһ֮ħ޵ʬǶѻɽʺѪҺȾ졣
ħ޲ͣĹУȻͬʱҲ˴ʿ
̶ֻ̰ʱʱǧսʿħ֮ڣûһ˺˰벽ΪǶ֪ԶҶֵħޡ
ΪһҶܹΪ˰˻ĳսнʿҶһ֣äĿĳݡ
һǾҶһܹսʤ޳óеİա
䣡
һ죬Ҷﳤǹ𿪾Ĺ۾ɿɨһܱս
ҹ꺮ѩ壬ӭսһͷħޣȻܣȴҲս
ҹ꺮Ըͷ쵾ʵѾƽ۷壬ǿᣬǿ쳣
ҹ꺮Կٶȣҹ꺮ܷͷħ޶δ֪
ǰܿɽأȻħʱ޷ǽʱƣʿǵҲԽԽ
ʿһѪУ¶Ŷ޾ľҶһʹ
Ȼ֪սͻΪһԽߣ޷ʵ
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Ȼ޷Բɵİս壬ѾȴԲʱͭսǿ󼸱ˡ
Ҷһȣгǹɨھ࣬ǿһٶɵܲסϰա
һʮɵӲϰգȫ˶ͷҶһף׵սƲɵ
ϰգԭڵϵҶһʧˣ˲ڰգгǹŷľ򼸹̳

һֱߵİ׹ֱӴоĸ
ۣ
ĸʱ̳һ󶴣һЩɫ֭ˮҶԼһȻֻô˺ʱͷһ
ԭҶΪƾϬǴӸ֣Ӧ˾Ŷԡ
ҶԸӦղŵһֻһǣ˿ڲ
˿ھӴԣͬһëë̶ѣṹɶӰ졣
򼱻Уʱ֨һŭ
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ֵĿ죬ɢȥҲ죬ֻգ۵ĹʧӰ١
ɢȥйעҶˣһ
ɫɢԲﲻľħޣʴԭһƬɫ漸ʮħ޺ǣ
ү
ϴ󣡡
Ҷ
˻ߵĽкΪҶѾ⣬Ȼռһ󲨶һ׵Ҷڰա
Ҷĳֶʱӭһ󻶺Ҷ诺ͷۺᣬȫǽʿ衣
ҶղżԼſ޿ڣʱоһͷƤ飬һǿҵϢͷ
Ҳ룬ʩչӰ١ֱ˸󣬿ǰֲ龰ѾˮʪԼĿ죬ҲѱʴһԹͷˡ
ǿᣬҶһҧһճǹ˫ӡҶӡռ俪ʼ𶯡
ԪʼûԾԲĿʼŤһֱʮɵȭͷҶﻺӡγɡ
ȭͷ͸״γɣԲʮڱա
ԭЩʵȭͷӰ룬ʼԽԽʵ
ȭͷɢѹ˺ħ޶Щ·ĩһ㡣
찡ʲôս˶𺧡
ѵǴ˵еĵؽսҶ졢ຣߵһŵ뵽
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Բʮڣܹվȣڳϵʿм˱³ǽǶߣڱˤ
һɿֲˣŭһɢһЩħ޷׷ױԶħҲͬеСɳȥ
Ҷսλǽʮľ룬һЩħ޿»ᱻֱ͵ǰ
Ŭ۾ɳŬǰȥ
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˾֮ʣһϤĵͺȣѾ˵Ķʱֻ˹
Ƽ
һֻʮɵľ޴ɫʸھеʱֱӹᴩͷ­ȷӻͷ­ըķ顣
ԭҶ﷢ؽսȭʱ򣬼򼻤ʯһսףʱÿƾһɱ
һҶڵԪѾˣæʩչӰ١ԼʱͬʱӰʣµԪȫӰڡ
Ȼ󣬾ȻϢ࣬ǲûŭ棬һ׼ɱ¾ͷŭʱ
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Ҷۣڽͷǿħնɱʱȫͬɢһ㣬ڵϣڴڵĴϢ
Ѿ;ƿݵľأԪĵһ˿ʣ
Ҫһɱ򼣬½Ҷֻˡ
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䣬˻ĳǱʤ
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ǰѶҶ¶һ˿΢ЦڸǷʱˣ


137 ȫʤ
Ҷｫ޻նɱ˲佫ʿǵļȼǿʤ⡣
Ҷһϡ͵족ĿٻظԪͬʱת̤һֻԶѩȥ
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ôʱѩѾʼЩϢˣʹüԼһıԪķǳ
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ĽԽԽǿĳ֣սҲˣǲڸҰ޲ǿʼɱ
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һҪźսʿļԲĽʿĿ
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ҶҲֵһ⣬УĬĬƷζһ£һĨ΢Цߡ


138 Ԯ
ڣ˿˿ͬϪһ븹УȫͬԡůС
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ΪˣҶʳħ޵⣬ѾôԵķӦǽͷħޣһĿС
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ȻˣǼҶһһͷԵڵء
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ҶһȭʷȸһȫʿĿУʧҹĻ

峿û̫ΪסҲס˼ˮнʿǵġ
ˮ۹ʮ֮һ޳֮ʱҲܵ˲
ˮǳƽһɬĿԶ޳ǰͷħޣӴе
ȻҲһߣܹսʤһͷħ޵ʤ㶼󣬺οһͷ
ͷһɫı飬ƽһȡȻǱҪĺңΪ˶սǵѪɣ
ȫʿǱƽĻеѪһΪʲôҵĳɱأ
ȫʿȫۼǳѾסˣɴħǾһսɱˡ
ΪƽԼ⣬ǿҲֻ佫𣬶佫ֻпˡ
ҪһȺʦȥһͷħޣ뷨ʵƲôɱ
ƽһϺȣнʿ׷ӭ޳Ѿ֪ң׳顣
ݣ
һ߿쳹սϷһѪڵսɣӢµĽʿǣʤǣ


139 ɱ
սÿһ䣬սʿͷһͻȻָȼϣ
ֻУһľ޴ħޱϣһɫۣһݵ꣬˫ӡ
Ȼгһʮɴȭͷݺݵͷħ޵λá
䣡
һԭسһԲɵĴӣͷħѾҳ࣬ΧﷶΧڵħ޶һС롣
ֻһЩϵħޣǿţѾſڵɪɪ
ɢȥˮǵ˶ǰ״ˡ
Ǹ޴ĿӶþ˵ҪѰҸղǸӰʱǸӰѾʧӰˡ
ƽǰľ޿Щ૵صûۻɣһ귢ģ
ûǸ˾۹һһƽߵ
ˣǰѸ£Ļӡôһ˵ˡƽɴ۾
Ц·Ϊһ֮ԱǣȻһëСΪΪºͿأ
ԭϵպȻһɳ죬ղżϢȻֻʦΪȻܷؽսƽһ
Ϊڵ޷ʹؽսҲôħˡ
ʰһ黳һۻûдлָĽʿǣƽȵڲǷ㶵ʱѾвǱֵʱǸɱ
ɱȫʿʿҶһһ׷ɱʣµħޡ

ƽϳǣ۹ǳʵߣǰһսҪݡ
սħޣԼͬࡣ
ƽϳǴŽգʮʮǹɽɢ޾ɱ֮
ڶʮǰһ޴ľϣһȵŮӣľܶ
ʱϣ˳㷢ѾңӨ촽Ҳʼѣ˫ЩĿһԺв֪ʲô
ҶڵĻһܿóʱȥķǰ˻ĳǵķ
ǳͷϣʮԶһֻʮŮˮһ˵ѵĲȥȽ𣿡
һ㣬ͬһϣһ˿εĿ̾Ϣܣ
ŮʱŭΪ嶫ߣô࣬ǾôȣǼֱѪ飡
סڡȵ㲼壬ҪϹô˺Ϳǰ㿴ı㶼ȥˣ
Ů壬ʱ׵Ļһֱ۰һ˶ɫ
ɾǿȻᣬҲʲôֻ֪ҽ㣬ҪҲҪħ޶֪Լĺӣħ޶𣿡
ˡӴŭ
ž
һϣϣʱһӡ
еˮˣõĸŸ׶ӣȫǲ
˵ͣ˰գŮϵӡк̣һ㻹СЩ㲻飬ԶΪ֮
ûգеˮǲҾǲڹ˼ʲôһԼ׽˶ˣѧʲôǲȥԼȥ
תҪߣԭζʱתΪŭ𣬺վס
ĻͷôǲϾȽ㣬ҪֹȥȽ㣿
ѵ㿴ôˣȥҲֻ޴ŭ
ҲҪչԼ־벻ˣҲùЩͷڹꡱĵ
ԼŮ̼ͷŭȵǲ¸ң֪жȥ޴ǰ׳գ
޴Ҳã׳ҲգܹûѪļͥҲҪһ˵꣬Ҫת³ǳء
ˣסһŭĸ佫ͬʱ֣סȥ
ֻΪʱĸ佫ǿѹϢ޷
ԲС㣬ֻܷ¡һ佫һǸĵ
ȻƽҲǸ˵飬Ϊ˷ǳǫ͡
˵ЩǿģҲ۰֮ƽֻγ֡
˵洫һۺƽԼʱѾˣܸøػ˰ɣ
ƽɫһǰһ˵ۣͲ˷ĻˣƽϳҲᱳģ
ǵĳۣҡҡͷһϧصǺοأѾݱѾûκϣˣαִԲ򣡡
ϻ˵ҪǾɣҿ㵽ûƽϳǡƽЦ
ƽϳټ׼ǰֻǰͽǺ«
۹ɱǿֻвʸƹܣƽϳ֮һ
Ҳ۲ǿԭΪܹƽϳǣЩҲ˲أ˲
ƽ˿ΪԼЩҲסŭɭɭһЦ
ָľϱߵЦãƽӲӣǲ֪ŮǲǸһӲ
ƽͬҪһ㣬Ŀۣһ仰˵
ЩصŮĲ佫Ϊ֪ˣ
ģжʮʿأӦÿˣ
۵ĴЦľҲʼЦЩѾʼ۷Ź⿴ľϵ
쵰ƽԼȭͷָѾУѪ䡣
ԭľϷʱг˿־壬£裬ֱҪֲ򱶡
Ϊ⣬ȫʹɱ첻
ʱѾɿޣͨһƽǰȣʵ㣬ȾȽɣ
ƽὫ۽ǵʹر۾壬Բ𣬵ܴӦ㣬ҲΪ㣬ͷȫǰյ
úݵġһݵָƽ
ƽʱĬȻƾŮָ𣬽ҧڣԼ岻򼤶
Ȼβʰ̧٣ǾͱСܲˡЦһһ֡
ʱˣľܻ£Ѻǰ
ۿ˿ƽֿ˿ЦҵѪͳ治ŮòŮζ
۵Ļƽϳʿѣ׷״Сˣǳսɣ
סڣߣնƽһȣѹס˵
ƽһ仰ѹнʿ۵ļıδܵóѣһ˿塣
Ȼô뿴ԼŮ裬ҾԸ˵껰Ҫȥ·
ݣ
һȫһͷʮɳʷȸڵϣһ۵꣬ǰ


140 ɱ¾ʼ
ҶЩŵĿҶ૽гҶ֣гۺͿɬ
ſҶЩ⻹ǿѹԼŷġ
ԭഺĥӣҶʼ˿ڼԼɱ⡣
ſʲôʲôʸҶԻۼ·ɱһ꣬Щмĵ
ȵȣ˽ҡȺһֱû˵꣬ͻȻԽڶһץסͬʱһѶ̽Ĳϡ
ôҶǰһĴЦҶ㵱ҵʱ򣬿н죿
ǰ֪ǰݵĺ꣬Ҷ
վڳͷϣҶһŶʮɴ򶨣޳ݡǽ㾭߶Ҷ
ҶＫĿԼ俴ô
ôͬϣҰңҲͿǷҿһޱȵô˵ġһĴЦ
ҶһҧأԼϿһЩ·ҵѣ
Ȼ߰Ľ˶ʲô̬¹򶼲֪𣿡һĵܹҶһ⡣
ĻʱһҶһ¹򣬿ⱲӶ̧ͷ
Ҷȭͷ˾ĿУ˫ϥأ·ҵѣ
ҶҶһҶȻڼʮǰΪԼȻϥ
ˮ˲ʪۿһֱĬҶ֣·ؼֲֻԼϧġ
ܸ¹ҰҶĹ£ʱЦ
ƽϳھʿȫͣ˫ͨ졣
Ҷûа飬ɵֻѣ
ãٴӦһҾͷ˵㻰ĵ
˵
ֻҪ㿳ԼһֱۣҾ̷ɭɭĵ
ڶһֱۣȽ󰵽Ľ׶Σȫٳ
Ҷԥһ£ڿԼһֱۣ֪ܴܲȻӳȥ
Ѿû취ƽ̫ˣҶȡһѳۡ
վڳͷϵ巢һ
Ҷ׼Լֱն£ȫʱһƬѻȸܵҶҶסˡ
ҶﳤѾʱȪӿҲֵֵá
˷֮ʣ˭Ҳûһ࣬ץסڲϵĳֱӴԼؿڡ
ԭ۸ղɿϲֽƣܹû뵽Ȼⲿ˽Լ
һֱڱĿУֱؿڣŻȻŭһĳͷ顣
Ȼڳ۾һһӰŻµԼĺ󱳣Ӳһơ
ʮԶҶĻʧκ鵤ҩûˡ
ˮ֪䣬Ҷϻ䣬ϣԭѾЩͬһ㡣
Ҷ۾ָҶգص㣬ʱԭĻᣬҺܿģ
Ҷ˵ЩʲôԼȻһҲ²Ψһͷеķʽᡣ
ҪˣҶĺܿģȻӽ㣬ǱĿĵģʵĺϲ㣬֪Լ䲻㣡
ĿĽӽ㣬Ƕһ£һᵥȥ㣬ʱᡭ𣿡˵ô໰ѾʼϢ
Ҷƴصͷر
ллҶϣܡչãһĺӣϣһݡԼİ顭лл㣡
˵һִ֣Ҷϻ䣬ϢҲ֮ɢ

һʵŭ񷣬ԭյգ˲ܲˮͬǧߣ䡣
ˮʪҶ½ϵʪۣԼֲЩˮЩˮ
Ҷڱʹ֮ʣִһɫֶʱϢĳ֣˷ӦһѾҶȥ
Сġƽϳ
ԭΪҶȻᱻɴ⬵龰ûг֣֪ʱҶѾڰʷȸıϡ
ɵͷҶ³ǽǰͳصԲûܱĽ㣡
ŮһģһҶ϶˵á
ѾĺܺˣȻҽˣߵһܿģҸҶǱ˵ףĵ
ҶͷȰտһ㣬Ҫȥ𣡡
㲻Ҫȥ̫࣬ȥֻʱȻҲѧȰˡ
ûϵİɡҶһ磬һ˿Цݵ
֪ΪʲôҶһģʱ࣬Ҷһħܹ
»Ҫӳ顭ƽϺüͷ
ס죬һŮϱˣûʸ˵ҡҶȵ
㡭벻ҶȻ˲棬˿ûаԼ
Ѿʧȥһߵģֻ乶ӲдĻţĹɡûһѿƽֱʷȸ
ɵ۵ϷǵǰʷȸɵԶԶģһ˵
Ҷ￴ǰĴصҶһôŭҶԼ죬ҡɱˣ
ɱˡ֣ӿ³Ҷͫһ±ɫɱֱ
Ҷ޷Զž飬ڵĳ裬ͬԵħһ㡣
ƣֻһʦѣһɱе
һͣʱӰǵʿҶ˹
Ҷʱһֿ״̬׵ȼĵ׵ɱ¾
гǹһڣŶʮȥ
Ҫʲô𣿡
һˣҪʮԾ𣿡
ƽϳǵһڽʿĿɿڴĿҶɱʽ׷
ıŽʬ壬ҶӰо޵еƣˮٴδʪ۾
𾪵ǣҶųǹͬһ֧ݿʸݺݵشо
һ·϶ϱ壬Ĵɣûκ˿赲ҶĽŲ
̶̼䣬ҶѾǰ˶䱸
ֱۡܺ꣬һߣڴ۹ˣһֻʮ˶鸨ǡ
Ҷﱼ֪Ϊʲôƽĸоʱеȫʿ˭ɱҶǧ׸߼ؼһ
ĻʱһЩʿǺ۾翴һسҶ
ҶһЦһ


141 ֮
ǵһҶɫͫĶ꣬ǿߣȻһֱ޶һĸо
ʱеһͷƤ飬֣λ߿£
ҶһǹɨʱʮʿɣͻȻҶʧһ³ǰ
һĻ˾ˣû˵
Ҷһ㣬ƾճԼǰʱŵʧС
ϾǿߣгæסǰҪ붼æȥϣλܹ赲һ
ϧ̴ȻãڻӰٵǰһжôͽ͡
ҶѾӰٳ򣬴˿ʩչȵȪ·ɱ֣ӹ졢ӿ١
Ӱһս˿ȵٶ⣬˻ԪΧĻиƣܹʱ
ĹҶﶪʩչܵס
αˣǰԮ֮ʣҶͬһ
ѣپһһֻסĲǿԪһӷסȫ㶯á
ƽϳнʿղŷһпУһŴͣһǿ߾ôһ£ֱ߸ǵ
Ҷһֱ꣬һЩԼĽʿȥеʱеơ
ܿһЩҪ굱һѱżʮѱȥ
ȫǿ־壬ʧС
һЩʿ걻סʱͶ׷ر
ȥˣҶɲô࣬ôαһҡ
ʱͷѵʱĴ˸еһᣬʮӰǵĽʿǱ
Ͼǿߣ㲻ǿߣǿɱ˸˺ܶࡣ
ѱͬʱ޴Ҳһֹѣ׶Ĵ̹ǵʹûȥ
ѾʼڣԼΪʲôҪȥҶħϧһж̫ˡ
Ҷ˿ĲҽУȺң۵˼״໥һۣ˵ͷ
۸еھʿȫɱҶҪ˼ɣ
۵һ仰д̣С´磬Ⱦң
˿ûİ׷׳Ҷ֡
Ҷ۾һУܿ˵ĹȺܼķȥֳǹ꣬һʱ²ɵ
ڳ˶֪Ҷɱʱ򣬷ǱҶնɱʬ壬ɢ޷ϸ˿ӿҶ
ϸ˿ӿ룬ҶΪڲ֪зѾʼҶһ㶼ûо쵽
ƽϳϵĽʿǣһ羴ĿҶҶڶʮȥݺᣬ֮·
ҪΪ˵ͳȥҶһɱˣеѪͱҶӢµȼˡ
һʱȥһֱ꣬˥
ȻҶܿҪʱ䳤һЩһɱ飬ϸǱѪ
Ҷһֱ֮񾭣ιȥֱп󣬲ȥ
ȻˣҶеŭ𣬷ȼյĸңʹǰЩˡ
һԭѾ֫ȫ꣬ʱԴ£ͷƽϳǣڳͷϡ
ƽϳǵĽʿǣҧгݵĿͷ­˫ȭյýģ˽Сġ
ȺһʮͷĽʿҲ̲סˣŭһһŽͷ­ߵķ飬ʧޡ
ཫʿͬĿˣ֪һֱС㣬ĿеŮһ㿴
ֻڳ˵ϣҶޣԼܣԼԼ鶼
ǳսɣҪǵ֧Ԯһ쿴սбסҶ۾
ǰˣǿ󣬱ΧҲȻᱻ˳ɡһҲӦ
ƽûлش˵ĻĿǸӵĿսͻоɱҶ̾˿
ƽǸ̫С˵ˣǳǣ϶˼Ϊǿ壬ǳȥҲǰװ
ǰ˵ЩߵصѵǾôĿţһսǳǰ𣿡
Լսϲ£ȻһζײԼƽû̾Ϣ˵ȫǰյңξ񣿡
佫˰죬ʲôҲû˵ݺݵһȭԱߵĳǽϣûԪȭͷ϶ʱѪ죬·ϵʹĵΡ
սϣҶһɱ¾ǿˣնɱѪȾȫ
ЩѪе˵ģҲԼģҶûٻͭսҪʹͣĴ̼Լֽܷһĵʹ
˶ҶͣѾõ˷׷ָҶ﷢͹ԼȫҶﱣһȫ롣
ҶȻ׵סܾ꣬ǶԵеĺͷ
Ҫ֪ȻֻΪ⼸ģȻҲһߣʹ궼Ҫһֽţοɱˡ
һߣȻҶû˿֮ǰİȻصǵĶߡ
ǲҷգҶѾˣ׼ðգɴ˺սôҶ
սȥһʱʿҶնɱҶϢû˿٣ԽԽʢ
Ǹûע⵽˿ҶΪѾ֮ǰʦ죬˾졣
ҶԼ֪ԼΪѾ֪ôֻ࣬һǾɱɱˡ
ÿγǹ趯ż˵£սѾʬ鲼Ѿɱõˡ
ʹ۵˶ںȣ˷ǽʿǶѿʼҶɱ¾𽥴ѡ
Ҷ֮˷׷ױãֻһЩòĵù׷ױʬ塣
ľȻҶɱûɢ˶һۣڴ۹һҧӻͳһ
໡һŭ
ͷ͸ߴħޣһ³ǰֱӶҶȥȻǱѱˣӵ˹Ҷ
ͷħɢǿϢʾǶ̧ضŲ
ƽϳϵĽʿǣʱǰ״ˣͬʱҲƽǻۣóȻܻܿȫû
ǰ龰ӣڣٴӿ۾ѾĿҶﱻħ˺ĳ
ԭͷħ۵˵ɱﵣڴ۹ʮѱħޣ׼۹ġ
ֻϧƽһֱϵزǿĻǰħޣҲܲס
ȻΪ˶Ըһˣò¶һʱǺ޲ýҶǧС
ҶͷԼ㽫ǹ޷Զ˫ֻӡеͺȡȭ


142 ӭսĪ
ϸʪƽϳʮʿ壬Ǵһ˿⣬ȻϸǸеǰ龰
ͷǿ϶űȷӻӴˮɽҶɱȥ
ƽϳнʿĶˣĿͷҶԺһƬհס
ͷħԼҶｫǹ޷Զ˫ֻӡеͺȡȭ
һֱɵľ޴ȭͷͻأسڰգžȭͷĳ֣ԭܲƣʼɢ
찡ʲôеͽ׽ʿһֵĿǸ޴͸ȭͷ
ǡؽסս۾úЩѣ૵ĵ
벻һ޷յĵؽսҶȻܹʹ
䡱еȭͷͷ
Ҷʦ۷ʵڵԪѾ˼ʮһȭǵʱ
ȭͷĻ䣬һֲӿȥ
мŵؽսֲΧĵ˷׷ױƬ
κƽϳϵĽʿǣѵ۾Ŀǰһ仰˵
һֱĴӳǵµȪˮӿΧһ¶ƤµļӲʯֱӵʮ֮⡣
ԭصͷħ޺Ͷʮ˿ȫʧԶۡܺλڴ۹ߣǱĴ׷һѪ
Ҷھ޿֮ǰӰȴ·Աһ
ƽϳʮʿҲ̲סһߺ䣡
ҶѾΪĿеս޵еݵż
ҶһԾһǱǰûа˫һֳָһȭӰ
ֻжʮɵȭͷ˵ҶԪѾˣʹõؽսѾ˵
ȻȲϸղţɲֵܹģȭͷѾݺݵ䡣
ж©˾ղΪҶ̫ǿನˣȭͷܶˡ
г˿־Ͳʣ˾ң
һƬյģûаӦʡ־ĿУȭͷ¡
䡱˵ߣʱҳ⡣
˵Ǻڴ۹ȫûһ
ƽϳȫʿʱһ󻶺䡭֮ڶ
ȫʿΪǰ껶裬ƽЩζѵԼ
ȻгһӰ޴ıһ
治ܹʮӢӣȫɱţʦʹõؽսźֻڴ˵У
˵ĳ֣˻ֹͣˣһȻĿǸӰϿֲѹ˲ɫ԰ס
ʡʼǿߣ
ƽҲһʼǿߵͻȻ֣ĵ㺮쾭飬һĶҪ棬һʼǿ߾ȻԼǰ
ҶﳤǹפأЩϢĿǰ۶һۣصĪۣ㻹Ƕˣûʼǿߣһ֮Ȼǹ
ĪۣĸҶϷҶϧҶƫƫԸ
ĪЦĪĳۣͬĿ㣡
ңҶһ㶣ȻԼŵ壬ѵң漴ƷԼ뷨ԼĸоԲƭԼ
ôȻû⣬ǾӦ¼Ҹ߲㣬壬⽫һ͸¶õôҪ鱨һԼš
һо˳ˣЩϾʲôܣ͸¶ȥҲ޹ش֣ܰԼνһ˫
ʵȷʵҶĲ࣬Դ屻Ҷݺ¼˾ͷ֣Ը˻ĳǵ飬ǻԸѡ
һжûӹĽ׵۾㽫¸˼ڲʱ׼һа塣
Ī۴ؾԽ¾ԽѻһǿԵţȻɱһʣʼʲ
ʱʹߣ˵Ҷãæƽϳǡ
Ҫ˵Ī޵ľҶǿºڣҪҶնݳˣӦ
ЩĪһֱԶս˿ǵսĿֻҶ
ֻҪҶɱ˳ְæƽϳǣҶﲻ֣Щ˵
ҶֵʱĪ۶ʱдϲǿʼƴֵÿ֡
ҶʹؽսʱĪۻʼǿߵΪİ˵
ȣȺ˵ûаϵ
ֱҶｫȫɱҶҲѾԪľǰ
ҶƲƲ첻иص޵󱲣֮𣬾ȻɱһʦͲ±ͬЦ
ĪۺһЦЦЦνҪĳɳҸе־壬ʦʱܹؽսǱ޵ĵ˱Ĩɱ
Ҷ벻ôװƵ㣬ȻҲе־壬ҶĳǸеҰ
Ī۾ȻҲ;ɣҲһ˵˼ƽϣĨɱһţӦûгɾ͸еģ
˶ԻǺܴ󣬵ȫΪĪ۵ĳ֣ѾţʮʿǵĶԻһ
ǳվɣҪǵ֧Ԯ쿴ƽ
ԷǻʼǿߣȥҲôԱ޴ˡƽЩϲŭ
ˣѵǾɱôһصӢǰһҲͲס
ǰҪҲϣǰ棬ҵΪȡһ˿ãҲҪԥȥһ۾
Ҫȥ
Ҫȥ

ʿȺ鼤ܣнѾŴ򿪣ʿǿʼ
ۼѾܿƣƽɫ࣬ȴ޿κΣڣʱʲôƨûʲô
ĪۿƽϳһۣмصһȺ֪ĴֻƾһǻѪǰ
ڽʿԵ۹壬ǲóǣáҶƽϳǣȻƽͣڽʿĶУȴͬס
ҶѾĿеӢۣĿеս񣬷׷ֹͣ
Ҷһ仰ͽһȺߵĽʿȥƽһͬʱޱȵʧ䣬Լˡ
ھǰҶȻһʱʱ䣬ͽȫʮʿˡ
һͷħޣЩ˵˼Ĵʻ㣬ӴģҶߵ
Ī۱Ͳһܺõˣôʱͺڱ
ȻôҾͳȫ㣡
ȫңĻǸ׳գܹȫҵ˻ôûءҶһЦ
Ȼˣͱȥˡ˵껰Ҷȫһ䡣


143 ǰս
һǿϢڶ𣬡ꡱһҶڴԭѾݽߵԪ˲ָ
ԪĻָҶɢϢԽӵǿᣬΧĿʼŤµĴضʼѡ
㡭ȻͻˡĪһɲ
Ҫ֪ͻƶҪľǰ׼ȫ񶼴۷״̬Ÿҳݡ
ҶȻˣԪǿҪݽߣȻܹɹĽףĪ۸ӼᶨһҪɱҶ
ҶһڵԪڵԪݻѾﵽ˷ԲСʦʱʮ౶
Ҷ̤˽гǹһָеĪۣһȡ㹷
ҶһϺȣ˱ɫͫ׶ɫǿϢֱĪۡ
żһأֱӳ嵽Īǰгǹǰ̳
̣
ʱҶϢĪ۶еľǰһҶоѹ
ҵһųǹն䡣

Ľ
˶ʮԶҶһĿĪۣĪ۹ƾȻȵնɱҪǿ
Ī۸ǴһԼһսʣȻһ佫˸ƽ֡
ҶһĿԼߣֱһ衣
ͦҶɱҶһǹ˿ãһĪۿ񹥶ȥ
ÿαĺضͣزཻµನὫһһӡ
ʱղѪҪ֧ԮҶĽʿǣȻԼ뷨Ƕô޴սǿҪɷɻˡ
ѵһڿˮжҶӵĳԽҶսת
ƽ𾪵ıѾˣֻĿǰ춯صսһ仰Ҳ˵
屧Žʬ壬ԶչսҶչֳľˣ˿еĽ㡣
૵صҺȻĽ㣬һˣܹΪҾһҲĸԸ
˽ǹȫǿʱʱ䣬Ƭ涼ǧٿס
˶ƳȻ˿ƣԽԽǿеҲԽԽ
ԶƽϳǳǽϣѾʼһЩϸ΢ѷ죬кȻ
ڳսڳڣǳضҪΪƽˡ
ǼʶʼǿߵĿֲͬʱҲΪԼղŹΪеںޡ
ʿ׷׹ƽǰҾͣ˽
ƽżѵذĿսջӻֵ²ǣҲǲǶԵģ
ˡ
ƽ˼ˣԶսеҶ̾ϢҲǶԵģԼ˶ˣαˣ
廳ǿˮ£ϰΪ˱׽ˣƴУΪ˲ƴ
ʲô¶ӹĽǶȥѾʧȥƴѾһˣǳΪһˣ۾ȫ棡
ŵʱһڼȫǰյĸһЩⱾһִ󣡡
ˡһȺʿƽ˵Щɺζɷ׷׵ĵص
Ϊҿǵ̫࣬ȥԼΪԼĿȥŬȥƴҵҲͲʧȥˣ
ƽѾʧȥյϣһͨĸףĸŮ԰׵գݺᡣ
ףһμᣬһθе׵Ĵ飬ʱڸ׵Ļޡ
ͷϷһУҶ֪ҧгݵƴʼǿնɱ
ԭĪΪҶͬ籩ĹȻܳ־ãû뵽һʱȥˣûа˥ߵļ
аҶֱǸһȫҶˣͬʱ˳һξ롣
ؿҶСˣɻ
ҶصƨţʺͿƨʺ
쵰ҾʶʶʼǿߵʵȥɡҶһ仰Ī۱ߣһ
ԭʹ֮еƽˣһѣ׷Ťͷǰȥ
Īһŭиֳһ޴ƣҶ䡣
Ҷһߣһȭͷ󣬶ײȥ
䣡
ƽϳǱֱͬ˵һ㣬ǽʼѣЩѾʼ䡣
Ƿ׷״ӵʮĶˣȫǿ־壬ֱ֮ս
ȭƽ˶ʮԶûˣĪϹһĨЦ
ܽһǿһѾķ㲻Ԫ˰ɣôһҿʲô
Īۻ䣬гһӣڿлһߣһѳӰʱڿγɡ
ϰɵĽۣûѾ˸е䡣
Ҷͫһʼǿߵǿ󣬳һоǵؽмϵս
ұĪ۾Ӫʮ꣬Ѿ¯ĵزѹ˵ؽսֻл߲ܹա
ҶһԭʣɵԪޱȫתǹ裬ڿ£ٻһԲ
ҶĶһʮɳγɣ߿ǻ֡
ֻ߿УֻģȫȻ޹⡣
γɺ󣬷ԲʮĿռ䣬ʼ΢΢·ܵĳǣʼ
Ǵ󣬿족ƽһǰߵˣʱɫһ䣬ȵ
ˣ󣬿»ЩȫĹ⣬Ҫһһĵ
ȥ˿ƽϳǾûˡƽɫЩĵ
˼һƽʱȻ˴ʧɫһ̶ҵֱȥ
ŴǽǽγһƬɫĹ֡
ĪؿһҶǰȫǶʼɵŭôῴҶõľȻǵؽ׸߼ս
ʹõսǵؽмսΪ֮⣬⴫
û뵽ǰ꣬ôΪѾӵеؽ׸߼սܲʼɵķ
Сӣи߼սҪĪۺ޺޵ص
ˣԿ
ĪһŤڶҪһ⽣
˵һɫľ޴ӰҶնֲѹѿһ̶ĺХ
Ҷﲻҵȫ
ǰն
ǿײһҫ۵Ĺ⻪ķ䣬ӳգƽϳ˶޷۾
䣡
һֲ˶ĺʧȥеŴؿ˱ˤڵء
ɳû֪˶ãƽˣŽϵĳһ˱ǰľ󾪴ˡ


144 Ͻ
ƽȥֻԭһƬƽ̹ԭҰ޴ĳըһʮĴӡ
ԲʮɣԭƽϳʮɸߵĳǽѾûһֳǽѾ顣
ŴﲻĽʿƽɵðĨһ亹ҪԼ磬ʱĻǴ󣬿ƽϳҪݻһ롣
˻ǴıȻвֳǽ٣ǳڵûԱƽʱ˿
ʿվڳͷϣʱĳͷѾͷˣΪͷڸһĸ߶ȡ
ǿƽվǶǲ۾ˣǰһһ㡣
ԲʮĴģҶĪͬʱڿӵף˶ĴϢš
ֻҶ飬ǰһ˿ڣĺ⻺ѪϢΪ΢
漸ʮĪۣҲòȥԭͷɢ俪Ѿʧͷ¶
ĪۿһԼۣȻɫһ󳱺죬ڸһž죬ԭһϢĪۣʱָվ
Ī۾Ȼӵվ𣬳ͷϵĽʿǶʱо׷Ҷﱼ
ڵ޷ҶĪЦôڻӲ˵һ
ûطҽ컹ҪˣȻطֻ˲ָսԺҪʱָµĺֻ֢Ҫɱ㣬һжֵˣ
˵ĪۻеҶնɱȥ
Ҷʱ˲֪٣ʼǿߵȫһһ佫ܹܵġ
ǰն󰵽ѾһˣѾԪľ죬ֻĿųɱ
ҶֱߵĳǹḡҶתȫ׼ĪƴһʿΪѣɱĪ۵Ļ΢΢
ȻһâĪ۵ĲնĪˣȻƾطָ˲սת۲㡣
һòɱҶͻϮĳһˣƽ
ƾҲңĪضƽϻˣҲЩģ
ȻȭͷӰְգƽ䡣
ƽѾĪۣȻתؽսʱһгƽ٣һʮɳӰǰն䡣
ҲһеؽսޣֻܷӲԪ޷ĪᲢۡ
ĪۼƽһСǸһ˿
飡
ƽĵӰ飬ͬߵķһ㣬ɼʮԶһѪл顣
ˡ߸Ľʿʱʧ
ûƽһۣĪ۶ŵϵҶҧгݵʧȥһֱۣʹҴ߶طʮҵΪ»᲻ˣô㣿
˵ҪƽҶңҶҵȫɱ⣬ŮȫԺȫܾͷ֮ޣ
Ī۸ֱϵľʹĶҶ·ѾԤĥҶ˵Ŀһ㡣
Ī۵ĻһһҽҶģԭΪԪݽߣָɫͫ˲ֱɫ
θϴβͬϴɫֻռͫ׵߳ɣͫȫɫռݣҶʶڵĶϽȻһʧˡ
ҶﻺվޱĿǰ³һ֡ɱ
ɱȻҾͳȫ㣬һᾡļ˸ž۵ġĪһЦһҶﵱͷն䡣
һЩ֧ԮĽʿۼԮ׷״
ͷϵʱͷһգԺһƬհף·ضˡ
䣡
ӰصնҶͷϣĪ۶ʱһĴЦôҪҵ£
ɱһٴ
Ī۵ĴЦȻֹһ˼ĿǰɢȥҶԭأǿĽû˵֡
ôܣ϶ǻþĪŭ˵гһӣȻϧԪʩչ˵ؽս
䣡
˵ĿУӴĽӰҶɣιҶվ³һ֡ɱ
㲻ˣǹħĪѾʼɪɪԼεȫȻ޷˵Ҷһë˼ľ֡
Ҷޱ飬ֻɫ֮ͫɢ޾ɱ⣬ץȥһѶϽ˲С
ɱһ³ں󣬶Ͻһӣǰն䡣
ŶϽĻӶһӰֱʣԭܲգʱͰ˸
Ӱ䣬յƶʱпֻһ콣â¡
䣡
رնһɿĴ󹵣ȥɽ˺üҶǰĪѾһۡ
˴лָҶһڰգһץһӰҶг˳
Ҷһס˵ĺתͷɫͫĶˣص˭
ҶһŮֻʮ˾꣬һǿΪȴѾﵽߡ
ŮȻҶľٶŵˣЩ͵صǡȻСŮûжģ
Ȼ֣ҶͷһůǷһ˿΢Цеɫ˲ȥ
һֻɿŮӵĺ˶ʱԹȥ׹䡣
Ůųһ亹ղżֱԼ֡
Ҷ䣬Ͻһ׹ǰҶס
ʱҶ˫ĿգǻһĨ΢Цһ˯ڼкϧ
ղŵǸɱħһӰȫ޷صŮ̾˿ý𣿡
л¾Ԯ½ǣҵȸмƽǿƣŮǰȭ
ŮᣬȴѾʵʵǿߣΪԼֻ߲ͣƽʧ
ǹʽ·ĺˣƹأǾ˲ǣǻǽǰɡŮ
ãίˡŮĻƽĲ١
Ҫ֪ղҶɱŮ֪Ů˵ʲôҶͻ˹ȥǵѻҿ϶˼ô˵ϾͲʲôˡ
ڽʿһܣҶ̧ȥ
յ⣬Ƶѷ죬ů˵ӰǸоͬһ㣬ֻľ޿ӣż֤﷢һС

ҶȻԼһİԲﶼһƬãȻһŽ
ǧɵħ޳֣ǿϢҶ궼оҶоԷ㿴ԼһۣԼɢ
ħֵһȺιеͷϳǣеüĳۣеֱۣеа߳
ЩȫҶûǸǰߵħһȫǿޱȣɢޱѪϢ
Щ޾֣׷Ҷӿ׺Σı飬ҶʱҪ˺Ƭĸо

Ҷͦ𣬻һʪ䣬ŷԼΣȫǺֻһΣҶһ
һϲص


145 ȻϢ
һŮһϲĿҶгϲͼ
Ҷ￴ǰŮʱһƬȻһ˸гļ䣬̫ˣһģӿ̳һ㡣
Ҷ޿εİˣһʹҶֵˣ㲻Ҫˣߵĺܰ꣬Ҳ뿴ѹ
һŮοҶﷴӵͬʱҲԼܣĿȥ޲ߡ
Ҷ￴һԼϵı죬Լ·ҲȻʵĪأ
ɫ΢죬ЩŤĿҶҵķ䣬ĪѾնɱˣ
Ҷﱻ̧ʱִҪչҶҶﰲԼķ䣬һϿƽȻûзԡ
Ȼ߲֮ô񣬵Ů֮ҲǱȽϿصģҶʱͷС¹ײ
ҶȻûע⵽ı仯ԴüɱģôһӡûУ
ҶļֻͣĪҪɱԼȻ˵ݻҶ;Դ˵һʲôǵˡ
ϸѯһ£飬ԼʱֳһѶϽһĪնɱնһﳤĹʱҶͷ
һʶ֮УֻϽһʶ벻֪ǲǴоϽһ˿仯
Ҷʶ󣬶ϽͨһҶƮλãͬʱ˽ˡ֡
ɢŹϵϢɵζ̲סĤݡ
ҶƯϷֱڽˣǰĳʱһ䣬ǰξгֵħ޺ЩιͻȻǰ
Ҷ֪ղԼجξԲżȻ濴ǰľ
ǧߵħޣҶû˵һЩŴؼҲء
Щħ޺ι׷ԼȻ֪һֻ󣬵ȻҶ亹ֱðоԼСһ㡣
ȻҶԣֳħǳȥҶ𺳵ǣǵĹֱͬһ㡣
һǧĴɽ飬˫һսʱҡضֲҶԼ궼Ҫɢһ㡣
ȻһӰħ޴֮УгбָգҶоͷΪǽϿ֡
ǸӰбָ񷣬һϢǳҡҡ׹Ľâ¡
ط׷ױ飬һ޼ʵħ޴˲ҷ
ǰʧҶûдӸղŵлָӵеġ
κҶſԺʺš
ǿ󣬵ΪʲôôǿȻ۶ϣЩħ޺Щ˲˹Ķô£
Ǹֳ־˭Ƿ񻹻ţΪʲôὫԼԼ
Ҷһã֪һ죬ϽԼһеģͨɱϽƺˡ
Ҷʶصʵ֮УһĿԼ壬ҶЦһµˣ
ʮˡЩĵȻʲôæѾʮˣٹʮˣ
ʮѾˣءҶЦ
ƭˣôʼǿ߶ܻɱǰʲô㲻ϵġЩȻĵ
ȻݣҶһʹռСϣܡչãһĺӣϣһݡԼİ顭лл㣡
ԺҶһǿ߲ģʮʱ㣬϶ᱻıף綫
Ҷ˵Ȥ巢һЦ˵ĺȤ˵ôţ
ԺҶɣҶҲУУԵһЩҶ
һ죬һͷĽеҶ磡
ʵʮ֮ǰֻΪ˵ĵġҶ
ʱһҶΪҲ̫˰ɣˣҶ
Ҷﱻʵһ㶣ԼǴԽģ˰ҲûŪԼˡ
һεصһ治̫ʮ߰ɣױȽæûҹգԼնˣ
Ҷǰ䣬ʱǵһЦΣʱЦˡ
ôҲ벻˳ݵȻ˹¶Լ֪ҪҸٱ
Ҷ֣ŵӵҶ磬Ժÿպòã
С֣Ҷ˵ʲôζСŮ˵ͷ
Ҷͷʱ˷ܵСͨ죬ϲ֮Ա
ҶҡͷҹգҪ׼ģӦҸ˲ŶԣΪôأ
ܹһգǺεȵңԺһǳġ̵ĵ
а۾ҶһпͻȻ壬Լһλɣ
ҶȻһŮȻŮûӡ󣬲֪ΪҶԺУḡֳȻǾա
İ£ҶŮҶﾪȵķ֣ŮȻѾ۷壬ʱпܽߡ
ҶҶʩһ
ӿˣСŮֻСµһλŮ˳ƺСٻͺáŮ
СٻȻô𣿡ҶЩеʵԽ˼Ȼˡ
СٻСܺãΪѾͻʰ죬С¹޷Ӧ޳ŲʹСٻǰС׵ˣ
ȻȻԼҶʱĻŭţһֱҶΪԼֻǵ˼ѶϢʱ
Ҷ￴СٻȻЩصǲȻʲô⣿֪
Сٻгһ˿ԥû
ҶﶢСٻ۾Ͽҵص֪
СٻЩӵĿǰ꣬ſµֱ۾ֱܹӿ͸˵˼
̾˿Сȷ鷳ģκ˶ûа취
СٻҲڳȻľԭȻ׿ʮͻƻߣ˵ޡ
ϧӢţ֮һֻǿĶħ֮ͣ
ͷħʮǿѪһ㣬ڳȻ֮Уɽڳֶζ޷
ֻڵĴе񣬲ܿƶħʶȻţڵİѹƶħ
ȥͻȻɽҪȻ޸ǵѾ̶ˡ
ǺȻһ󣬶ȻܾŻ£ŶʱŭӴ˲Ȼӽ
ȻһֱŶħ֮һֱ̤Ű벽
Ҷɫһ䣬ȫ벻ȻܾԼôĿԣųȻΪԼҹʹ࣬Ҷ絶ʡ
һǰһҪң


146 뿪ƽ
һҶǰһҪң
ڻкܶҪʱ޷ȥȻ棬һûдﵽȻҪ󣬳Ϊߣ
ҲȻҹĥҪѹڵĶħֻҪʱͺáҶһ֣صĶž
Ҷﻰһ䣬ͨһһâɳҶĿռָС
Ҷæʶ˳ڿռָУȡһöңȻöһöͨĽңϱ߸һӫ⣬ɢׯϵϢ˲ֱӡ
öңҶϲʶڶԾлҶｫҽСٻ֣صص鷳㽫öҽȻԱ֤ڲܵħʴ
СٻЩĽӹöңõк󣬶ʱоԼޱȵİܵĳֱӻһ㣬ɵôϲöңҲñħĥˣ
ҶͷöҿԱȻϵʱ䣬ǲħһڰȥȻϣʱ취һٽħ
ȻҶֻ佫ΪСٻȴ˿ĻҶ˾ã˵Ļһ
ˣ㡱ҶӽָУȡŹӵŹӣһö鷳Ȼһö£лԮ֮飡
ҶԸоСٻԳȻַĵУȻҲСкܶ࣬ɴ͸ġ
Ȼһ֣Сٻʱ۾ֱ޷Լģֻڴ˵ܲ𾪡
פաСٻŴлָȷʵ
Сٻı֣ȵҶ诺ǿҵĶ࣬Ŵɣ֪ӵ
ʹɽڣԴȥѰʷҲֹֻһöѣҶȻһ¾óö
Ҫй¶ȥ»ĸŮܾջʵԽǿŮˣԽˡ
ݴʵ̫ˣСٻܲСٻ̾˿
ͲҪƳˣСܸоĳȻȻãһţȻǲŹӵġҶｫöֱƵСٻǰ
СٻǸмĿҶһۣƳٽͽպãҶСٻͺˣѾΪоСٻҪȥˣ
СٻҪߣҶæͣҲϣСٻҴȻ֮ࡣ
СٻҶŸӦһԼΪȻԼΪͻˡ
ҶɱͷʱʶͷĪ۵Ĵڣ⽫ڵԪľõؽսɱ۵ˡ
ɱ˺ɫת¾ħ޵ɹĪ۳ֺ󣬲ſʼɱĪһֲ
ǵʱҶֻ佫ڣԪѾﵽٶΪǴﵽ佫졣
ҶٽԼսϵǰ󾭹һ飬Լȷŭӿ޾ɱʱ򣬻ɱ˺ԼΪȻʼ
ȻǰҶҲзŭʱ򣬵Ҷһֱţֿ־壬·ɱ¾һԼʧȥǣΪһֻ֪ɱ¾ħ
ȥķŭ˲ͻٽ㣬ʱϸһ£ʱѾʦ۷塣
ɱĪ֮ǰֻ佫ڶѣѵǵƾɱĪۣԼһ弶
¾ѵǿɱ¾ĹҶֲȷһ״̬·ƺأ޷ԼЧĹͨԼֻȽЩ¡
Ҷҵ壬ƽҶļǵãԼΣѵʱ̣Լ󿴵ˣȻܹվԼ
ȻҶЩƽ飬ĿԼŮѣҲĿԣ˵ʲôֻǴҵĹͬˡ
ҶЩǵص״˵ĺأ඼ˣˣֻǰʱѹסԺսˣ
Ҫ֪ƽӲ˻ʼǿߵһûѾΪˡ
Ҷ߰ɣȥ㸸ףӦа취κ㸸ף
ģ̫ˡҶа취ʱҶһ·ƽķ䡣
ŶûãֱŶ룬
ƽɫ԰ףϥڴϣһѾôһ˼ҳЦûмҽ̣
ҽ֮ҵϰ֮˽ȻļԣԸ񣬲ߵĸԶҶﵭĵ
ԭѵ壬ҶȻôԼֱӶҶ̽ԴŸһ
װûŮСԺлҶĻκñǳ
СֻԶΪˣҿưɡҶְƽļϣԪƽ
ҶԪע룬ƽʱһ͵ȫҶԪֱ޾ԼǵԪǰֱֵһӡ
Ҷȫһƽ壬˻ѾȬ˷ǳء
ƽͬѵĴǿԪճһ𣬵һתԪ̻ᱬ˵ƽѾٶˡ
ҶɫЩأƽЦصģܶҷľͨĿҲ˸ı䣬˷࣡
׵İοС׵ļУƽԶô緢ͻȻɷܲˡ
ˣҪǷһ飿ҺܲϲǷ顱Ҷﵭĵӽָȡһƿ
ˣͿȬˡƿݸƽƿûиӣŨҩ洫
ƽЩĽӹƿӣȻ˵ں˭Ĳںֻµİοѡ
ָϣǰһƽҲʧȥ侲
ٶһĶˡҶĻʱд򶨣ʼ٩ס
ƽһ죬ݺݵصһۣŽƿҩҺ¡
ҩҺ壬һůԭȻٻָһܱǰǿ
ҶӦڵƵƻȫָΪʤǰͨˣľ˺ܶ࣬һ˿Ƕʣ
ƽмصһҪл
Ҷ㲻øлңֻǱѣȻҵ·ͬҲòϣ㲻Ǻøףȴһó
عͷ߰ɣȥĹǰ뿪֮ǰҪһ£
ĹǰҶַűʯһ˳Ϊһѣޣʱµֻһʧȥͬꡣ
ֱˮ޸ˣҶｫеԼߣΪԡ
û뵽ɰȻǻ׺Ҳ˵ĴﵽҶֱ͸ʮŻԵ徻
ҶóЩȻϽܡ
Ҷһ¶ʱˣΪԼڻ飬͸ԼϽܳȻؼһ
Ҷ֣Щ㾡ɳûл˼ҴӦչ㣬ֻҪԸ⣬һչһӣ
ҶĻʱҶҶɿ壬ӵϣĹһǡ
岻ĿУʷȸļϣʧڿС


147 Σͷ
۹Բǧĵ۶ڣԭˮĽֵϣһҲҼŻա
Դ¼ݱԺ۶ңͷϲʱɱ۶İǶԼڲҳ
ĵ۶ѾΪˣӺսǻλ֮Ҳ֮
ӸϣﻨͥԺѾ˷棬Ļݣڷ
ǰһʮˣǧذΧеĿǱĴӵô꣬ɲҵĶ֣
ڵ۶ôӪ޷ֵڴ۹Ҫڴ۹İͼ֮ˣ
ǧڴظеǧûƵȻڴ۹ļϸ
˷ƴصֵڴû뵽Ǳ֪ģһ֧ӻ˵۶
ѾɽˮˣӵҲŸʵѪôøʵѪһ
ʣǸϹѾˣڴѾֻҪ䣬ط͹ҹϽһǻʵۡӲмĵ
㡭ͲİգƷζùġŭ
ЦģǶǹƨֻҪɱˣǹԹʤҾͻὫĳūƹң˭ҷң
ӵȻڴѪҰ֣ûаֻҪһţͱū񣡡
̫ЦˣҲֹңοϾҪˣΪ컹л·Ц
гָŴӵɴٸһϢɣ㳹׵ľָǸҶͱˣץѾȥˣ
һ֪ͨţĪۣѾȥҶоҲˣ
ӵĻӻһ䣬ҶＸһäĿΣһֱ
˵һʼǿȥԸҶôҶţҲı䲻Ľ֣ľˡ
ڴʱһȫҶֻһϧ˭Ҳòߣ
ʲôʱɫޱ䣬̧ͷϿȥ
֪ʱһֻӴʷȸڰգһɫ۵Ҷ٣ؿǡ
Ҷ
Ҷ
ͬʱгһ˷ܣһǼӿ־Ĳ
ɱɱһֵĴ󺰡
ӵĽǧ֧ʸҶ
Ҷﳤǹһǰļʸ׷ױۣȻҶʧٳʱѾǰ
Ҷһֻֻӣ翴֣ƴĶܡ
־ķ֣ζܣ޷ֵֻľ룬޾جһ㡣
˿ͬɵһ㣬ֻסԼĺӷӦʱѾ޷
һǿӿԭӵ佫ΪӣʱɷˣȻһ˦ӽ¡
ӸոأҶͷϸһ޴ȭͷЩڴûзӦʱ¡
飡
ɽӵ˾ýһ𣬲ûˤ߻ָ󣬼ǰǧоѾʧȡ֮һ޴ӡ
ǱĴӵˣǻѪѾսգҶǸصСܾԮ٣ֲҪ֣
Ҷһ仰ӴǰлָæҶֵܸΪѾмм֮˵
ڲ֮ʱһҪȥӦ壬һͽˣϣһֱĻţûɡҶָŵϵӺ޺޵ĵ
û⣬ʹĿҶǵж֣һ֪һֶݳ޵Ρҧгݵĵ
ҶͷԾʷȸʧڴǰ
λ佫㿴ңҿ㣬ֿ˿ǰľ޿ӣþõһ仰Ҳ˵
ӿҶʧķ̾˿۵֪ãұ𸸻Զӣ
ʵۣ˷ԣȻѸ£⵱ʱʿΪҶΪ۹ȫ𶯡
׷飬ʵջسǻʵ۲ᣬѸ۹ÿһ䡣
˭뵽Ų꣬ҶճѾǿֵزԽԽԼĸס
˵ͬ˵ӣɭɭЦҶ˵˲ҪĻţԺܳʱҪչˡˣ
˴ӵĻٿӵı飬г˿־壬˹ȥ

۶֮⣬ڼҽսʿӭսŵˡ
սʬ壬۹ģڴ۹ģÿһʱѪȾɳ
ѪѾǽµĴȾ죬ٽǶڸԵĶзкΪԵ¹ʿ
һ۹Ľʿһأð壬ץסڴʿСȣеĳͱ˵Сһ˶ʱ
Ѿóһ˿ԼİתԼ۾ܹ۶
ʹͫѾɢǴıܿˣİˡ
һĻڲͣţ⣬ĸӰչ˾ս
ǵϢȫǿޱȣǻʼǿߣȴһĻʵԵȵս
ʷΧһʣսֳһѳꪣ˿õ˶Թ
˷㻹ͶɣϹ˳ڴ¾㡱һ߱սȰ
ߴս֮ˣǰ˻ĳǳ˷磬Ѿǰ˴սҹѾϢȣսҲʼ½˼¡
ꪵһ˷˷̰֮Ҫĳ˸ȺᲢۣ
Ȱ֮˶ʱŭʶ̧٣Ȼսǿܹ赲ľҿô
ϻץϽʰˣСһߣѵ
ѣ˹ʱӿ࣬ȴ˿̰ðȻ±˷ǰץ汳
˷˵Χ£ʼЩ׽⣬˷ֻһʣ˷аսնɱ
ߣ˷ҲɰտԻʤߣΪߣҲʡ
˷ֻǶʣŶѹƵΪǿ֧ŵסսʡ
Ϊòƴֵˣһ˳֮УԽʿ޷Ƶʧ
˷һ˿е֪û취ָõѧԺԮΪڴѾĻȥذˡ
۹ıѾݱ۹ֻ˷һߣֻƴֵˡ
ۼңҪ˵أ֪Ϊ˷ȻеڴҪӰžˡ
׼ʹȫ߷ؼǰߵ汳ʱһʹ⻪˷Բս
һ쳹˶ߡƼ


148 նɱ
ʹ⻪˷ԲսԭսĽʿǣеĹ
ڹ⻪ֵһɲǣ˷罻սˣʱоһ̹ǵĺ⽫֣һǵ
Ƽ
һ쳹սȣһʮɵľ޴ɫʸЯ־ڴ۹ǰ
Ӱ˷ͷ𣬿Ϥʽ·𿴵Լ޵Ӱӡ
áڴУҪѾˣȣƴȫǰ
䣡
ҫ۵Ĺâɢų̻ǱӰĻзɳ
ȫ飬ѪղһѾǸˡ
һֱ˷ԺģȻѾľ˷սԼҲûʣ¶١
Ҷ͵Ϯһ㶪תͷȥֻԶһֳֳؿǡ
ʵĹâеĳɢûг򣬽ȴ̤һ֧ôڰС
Ҷһû͵ϮɹɵðҡͷԼзļԿԸɵһ
ɵ˷ǰЦڵ㣬Ǳ
˷ѹеļһƤЦҶʱûصʲôʱôƶȥԸˣ
˷һһڵԪȻѾʣ²ɣҶĵǸʤϣ
һסһˣʤֻҪסУȡʱ䡱˷Ȼ֪Ҷս뺷ǰѾͻƵ佫
ǻ߾ǻߣǰҲѾǿ֮ĩǾһͷûϻҲһֻܹܵġ
Ҷһɵصô鷳İɣֻͽˣ
˷ӻҶһߵһ壬ּ˰
쵰ǡҶλߵУһؾĳһ塣
Ҷǻ쵰ϼһѵˢôôҶָųһ
ûҶáһһصӦѾ˲ŶԣĪѾȥɱˣôţ
Ҷɫһ䣬֪£Ⱥ˵Ͳֺˣֻѡһն
ǰ԰׵ףҶʱɱӿ
ϻ쵰ǶĸȥҶƱͷѪħһ㡣
һϰɴСȭͷҶֱۣӶ䡣
˷ҶȻʹ˵ؽս۳ȭͷȻޱʵаɢ
Ҫ֪ؽսʹǿߣܹʹãǿʹóҲ񰵵ޡ
ҶʹóսһЩӪսʮĻߣ˿˷еޱ𾪡
˷𾪣ڴ۹Ļǣǳ𺧡
޴ȭͷΧȫӱܣֻӲͷƤ¡
ǻ۷ʱڣκһˣܹһڲͬˡ
ڵԪѾʣ࣬ղŸǱȸҶĴƼӲƴһǣѾ;ƿݣӲһ
һҧһǿϢ˶ʱȫƤ͸Ƥʬ塣
ʹ˵ؾУ޳ʹõططΪһֻʹһΡ
ʹùʹ߻Ϊܵѹ󣬶ȫˣ޷ԪǷϵˡ
Ѿʱ̣ʹؼҲǿ
طΪԵʹùԭѾ;ƿݵԪ˲ָɡ
޳ʩչʱһ޳൱ʱֻ佫ΪʹؼΪ쭡
ǰѾǻʼǿˣʩչؼֻ˲ָԪѡ
˴һʹȫֵҶ﷢ľ޴ȭӰ
飡
ռ䷢һǿҵĲߵǻߣ֮£ڳɹסҶһ
ûңһϰɳ³ڰգɢĹԡ
˷ǸʱͫһӦɢĿֲѹ
ֹ˷ӦˣλѾһĿ
ϰɸߵ߿ǳ֣ĻһƬ
Ҷڷȭͷʱ򣬼˴߷ؼ֪һȭвǡ
ȭͷȥҶ̽ȫԪתǰնٻ
ϴαٻʱֻʮɣ߿ֻȸӵ˰ɡ
ȫȥǰնҶһȣǰȫն¡
˴ʱѾˣǿĹ۷ʱڣδؽӵ£οڡ
ߵ־һܹģʹҲԪȫתûһ˿ǰγ˲ǰһ޴ļ롣
ȫƴĽǰļעԪͣļƴǰγһʮɴԲ
һ⣬նԲϡ
䣡
޴սʿڵأһĿԶ
񱩵ľߵλãһĹ֣ʱߣѾһϢڹֵײ
˷ޱ𺧵ĿǰһУֱЩԼ۾ǳȷظһЩġ
Ȼ˷練Ӧߺսڴ۹λߣѾնɱʿǣʤǰɱ
Ȼ֪ԶлߴսΪ̫Զֲ״˷һϺȣǲŷԭڴʧˣ˻ĺһλɫ۵ն
Ĳ⣬½֪˭ûҶ棬ֻĻ֪ᣬ񻹲ʮꡣ
˵е꣬Ȼһսͷֲսλնɱһʱ۹ĽʿǣѪڵ㣬սƣһɨգʼڴ
ڴ۹Ҳ˷źǲΪģλȷʵʧˣʱ¾Ļɢʼ׷װеѾʼܡ
˷纰һοҶļģĳɾͣѾԶԶҵԤϣ
ҶЦл㣬һսɳһսһֱҵ룡
˷Цܱһ˳ݱֵøˣοǱһųݡ
ȥ϶һ°ɡҶָһµϣͬһλʼǿߡ
䵽һǰҶһؿڣһԪͳԭ֮ʵĳһ۾ҶСӣҪ⣬ڴһ̤ƽ䣡
Ҷֱסĺ˷粻ĿУһǿֱ֮ӳһʶڡѻꡣ
ʱҶһĽһڵϣһŽ߳ء
ͬʱߵλߣһһǽŭڵصҪʼɱˣ


149 ʤ
ͨĳһļ䣬Ҷ￴һµ۶Уʱɱڡ
ӳһļУ֪ԭڴ۹һūƹңڶͳΡ
˿ֻռڴ۹ȫ˿ڵ֮һƾбͳ۹
ǰūһԸԼϲŭɱһļУŰɱū
ҳһǳı̬ϲŮҶ﷭ļʱͿǧŮĲ״
ԼĲֳ˷署һ飬˷ȾҶֱҶݼŭ
Ȼ֪ڴ۹ūƹңû뵽ǾȻԼͬ൱
壬ɱˣô˵Ҷ
˷Ȼڹʣ²࣬ɱһЩӻǴ´࣡
˶һۣͬʱǸһĨ΢Цһһ֣ڲս
ҶһХ˻һ⣬̤һѳսǰ
Ӱʹâڴ۹ʿǵĴҶﳤĿϣһսǿ߱һ
˷翴ҶȻһɵһߣгꪽһڴ룬۷ŹȵС湻Ҳ٣
ã˵ϵͿǵ˭ҶӦ
İɣ˷绹ûأֲСӳ硱ꪺնʮɨɣ˷緢ĵ
ηѵû˵еǳǰˣǰ˱ɳ̲ϣҶʶɢʸֱӵɱǿߣȴͣ١
ƨ̵ʱ㻹أʶʶʲô۹ĺ˷Ƶĵ
սǣǰĵˣɱǵսѣɱͬÿ϶մȾ˵ѪնɱΪ˱˷սɲǹʿ
ɱɱ𣬱ȫ˷Ҷļ룬ʱȺ鼤ƴĳɱ
Ҷﲻͣĵ£һڴǿ߽Ӷĵ£ڴ֮Ƹӷҡ
ҶȻʸ漰ϷҲһˣӰǿᣬʱ䣬Ѿɱʮߡ
ؼ˼飬ȷսҲûڴߺҶӰǹֱм䣬һǰڴｫʿնɷɻҡ
ҶһɨҶ
һɫսţԲʮɵɫͬһɱ¾ڵӪسɱѪɲҽ
۹߼Ҷֱͬս·²ɵ޲©羴֮ɫ
˷ڷɱеͬʱҲעҶߣҶһһתۼͻɱʮߡ
ͬһһ㣬ݺȥ˿ɵ¶οЦݣ˾䡰Сӣ
ҶһѪĶħͣո˵ûа
Ϊͨһļ䣬֪Щʿˣڴ۹Ҳֻˣʸξ
˵Щ˶ѹҶһֱΪʲôڴ۹ˣ˸оǳĲб
ԭЩбѪҺѾ˼ǧˣǵĹꡣ
ڴԹǧ꣬ڴﲻͣ䣬һ·ɱ°ӣֻܲͣĵֿ
ֱʮǰ˷ŭڴǣǸһ
ҶеǣǳɱڴأԾڴͳΡ
ͨһļ䣬Ҷ﷢ڴ۹ô򵥣±Ƚⳡս취ڴ۹󻼡
ҶһͷšɨҶȺ幥һ߿͵ģһ֪ƣĻսϲͣɱ¾
һʱȥҶҲ֪ɱ˶ˣ³۾⣬ȫѪȾ졣
䡱һڴ۹Ľʿɱõˣʼɢ
ԭϰڴ֮һʼɱ
һԺηƵڴʿʼ佫ʿǣһ׷׷ϻɱ
ǰ龰ҶԾ˸ڰգһֱԪȫ㲻ʣһһʮɷԲȭͷǰȥ
䣡
ֲսҵĲɽһԲĴӸǰ
ʮڴֻʣһЩӰԶ񱼣ߵĽʿǣݵĴͺ󣬱һ䣡
ʿǷ׷Ŀӣ׷ڴɢǺ͸ڴˣôܻŹǡ
Ҷﻺڵ棬ڴڵĴϢڵԪһ㶼ʣˡ
˷ߵҶǰ˷Ľ۹Ľ
ҶٺһЦϢˣƤղŵĻ˵ϼʱҾҪˣ
Ҷ˷ûаҶеģսϵҶоİ
ҶﴭϢһսѶȻǧ©֮ڿ񱼣Ǻ޾ǵֻʱ⡣
ִӽָȡʯӣóƱϽʣһͰٹȡӵ
˾Ʊһһڽеľȫȹ⣬˷翴Ҷʲô㣡
Ҷ￴˿ܸʬսһƬ䡰׼նݳ
ҶĻ˷յľƱһ𣬼ξƱ䡰ȷ
Ҫ֪ȻʤһҪڴһӦ޳۹ѾԪˣԶ
ҶͷģľҺʹģȥҹ˶ڴ۹̹ĵĺޣұָڴã
ɱӿȻûͨӴԼ֪Уռ˼صλá
һλŮ̵ӡȻûҪõʲôȻвϲҲʹȻ
뿪Ӽᶨһвľģٿκһ뿪
Ĺ֪»дãǸڴڱСҶһھƵ
˷һµֻʣһٰʮ򣬾гǳصĲӵҲԶذ
Ҷ޷ιڴ󾫲࣬һӣ
һ㿪ʲôЦһӾ븲һң˷ûĵ
һͨʿ²УһȫǽǿߣˡҶЦ
˷ʲôЦ㵱ǿǴײ˰۹нǿ߿¶ǧȥŪһ佫ȥ
ô٣Ҷһ㶡
ϻûڴ۹γҲֻһǧ佫𣿡˷ûĵ
Ҷﻹûע⣬սֻɱǿߣֹǶʿɴ佫
۹һܵ佫Ҷʵ
һھƣ˷ָͷǧѾǼˣ
ǧòе٣ӦҲ๻ˡҶһµ
˷ûľǧ˾ȥһ۹Цʵ̫ͼˡ
ͲòˣаţʱСֶˡ˷绹Ҫ˵Ҷæֵ
һ۴ѾʼطѾնɱһɷĻر
˶һۣڽˣԺúϢһˡ


150 ָڴ
ڴ۹ڣһصڴ۹Ϊʥĵط۹ʵÿﶼҪĤݡ
ڴ۹ܴϰɸߵ¥Եΰׯϡ
ʱڲһ߸ϵıһȫںڰеӰӣһǿ߻㱨
ʹˣ̽ӻرҾ䣬ڵ۶ǰܲҰܣһʮһֳһܱЩĵ
źӰеʹǿ߸оԼΪС·ֻҪʹһ񣬾гη塣
κʹ΢΢һ£һʮĸ𣬲ûĲĮصܱϱû˵ԭ򣡡
߸æУ˵۹һ꣬ͻȻڵ۶Ȼֻ佫Ϊȴλϻܣһ֮Ťתս֣
ǸʹЩݵصȻλǿطߣսϱȲĻߣҲһ佫ܹɱģܱԭԭһ飬Ҫκ©
ǡ߶ʱܱϵݣһֲ˳
ܱ󣬺ڰеʹȻλѾǿ֮ĩˡȼѪɱɱҶ佫Ϊܼؽս츳ȷʵ£
ܸ̫ĳɳʱ䣬ڴʵۣϧκδۣȫҲͣʿΪҪһٴλӾ䣬һи𣡡
ǡ˹Ӧһ뿪˴뿪͹ֻʣʹһˡ
ʹԺڰ߳ƿͷϺȻֻ̽ǣʹȻࡣ
ĶˣٽٲɼʹλҲסˣ

ɽڣһ˼ɾĶǰȻĸеĽң¶һ㵹ЦݣĿҸ
㣬ڵĶħ𣿡һԵСٻеĵ
ԴӸҶֱСٻһ·ϲ߲ݣڷɽڡ
г·һصػңħӦʱҹġȻͷ
һ糾СٻȻһ۵ԼߣƿͰöɣһһţ
ŶҶģū澲ҪСٻæֵ
һסȻЦСƭ˭˵ѵʱ򶼻Ⱥģ
СٻһȻЩ̣Ҫ˵ʲôȻϵҶﶼܿͬãóֺαظˣС˼أ
㣬̫ˣóȥ˵ԻܹκýҲ˵Сٻеĵ
ȻҡҡͷöֱУԼһöһöֱСٻĿС
㡱Сٻһ˵Ȼʧ
ˣǴСһ𳤴һֱ㵱ҵãҲֻһֱĬĬңһֵҵʹ࣬öӣԺͿһôᣬôˡȻĲȥСٻ۽ǵ
СĲô죿Ҷ˵öֻܱ갡ҪܿˡСٻ
ȻЦЦҵСˣһຣģ˵а취һа취
㣬ôСٻ
ͷȻԺиֳһЦŶԼʤƵ꣬Ц˱ů
ԴǴζҴҾͷѾˣΪʧҵĺʹȻһ˿䡣
Ȼ˶ŽСٻЩ˼ĵҪ֪ͬһĳȻ˶࿴һۣ˸еԲλ࣬˭ܹʧ
ȻĿתЦŵǰһ첻µزµļһսߣ͸ȥһսʣնɱҳҲʲô
㣬ҽʶľòáСٻųȻ֣ҡ
ôСӶˡȻϷʵĿСٻЦ
ССٻͨ죬ЩŤĵ
СٻĿγˮȻٶʼԼαݺо綾ܾʱҶҶİι
뵽ҶԼ龰Ȼʱƣɬۡ
̽СٻһߵҪȥֵһսʡ
ͬʱҲԳȻľ壬㣬ΪôһŵҪôĿôΰ𣿡
ȻܻеɵǶһжֵãеɶ˻𣡡
˾÷ɶ޴ֻзɶԼ֪ĹУѾõ˳޷ҸԸȥðգΪ˻ҷҲں
Ȼϵ£˼Ѿɳ۵⣬㻹Һ㡣

۹Ҷ˷°ѾƳ̸ȻӦ̧ͷϿȥһĽâء
ȻҶﷺһĨ飬սоЩƣԳȻ˼ҲԽԽǿҡ
ҶȻ˷Цô˼
ҶջĿ⣬˵ͷ
û뵽ԼһЦȻ˵ˣɵòؾѾôô
ҶҡҡͷһھƵ磬һ
ҲǾͷҲǶԽԽ˽Сһ棬ɵЩԵʵ˭
ҶԼʱȻʶľԵ˵һ£о࣬ǿֺˣֻҪܹһҸ
˷˰Σ漴Ц˷һδ˭Сǵһһ߾͸ʣ㽫һΪ椽Ĵ棡
Ҷﱾһ˷椾飬ǣӰ̣˷һʹԹԵر͡
ƨͷŰɣ˷־ˡһۿҶ˼
˷緢صҺӰҲһҵİ飬һĲƸӰ뿪ˣµĶȴҪ
Ҷ̾ͻߺľϲɺأӰ̵һ˽⣡
Ҷｫʶľ˷˵һ£˵ӰˣȻΪﱻûǰӸ
˷΢ָҶѾЩüĿ׼ߵȫ꣬취һ£ܲҵЩ
˷˿Ȼ֪ĴڣûκͷżҲû취ֻȰǰ
˷׼ڴ
ҶڱУͨһļ䣬֪ܣڴʵһ
ͨһļ䣬Ҷ˽⵽Ĵڣ֯һֱڴĻ֣ʵֻһܶѣڴ۹С
ҶｫһϢ͸¶˷磬֪Ȼˡ̵ֲĵҩҲͷ𺧡
ȼΪۣǿΪĴҩѹڴ۹ˣΪߵʵȴ
ձǼλ䣬ʱ»սһͨˣǾͿԻӾڴҶ
սȭͷҶ￴ϵ£Ȼңһᾡġ


151 γ϶
սʤѾȥ죬Դڴնɱ޳ҲѾ󣬾ٹ˿񻶡
ǽͷ蹦̵£޲Ѱ˻ĺֹϣЩѾҶĵڼй
ΪҶתСС;ƾһ֮Ťתս֣۹ôʤ
һЩͷβ˵ˣǽҶ¼ɶӹΪҶ֪
ҶЦѣͬʱҲĸжϰյģ˭ǣ˭ͳǵ
ȻеäĿȴǳӣһָжһҶӼᶨڴ۹ľġ
ӵļλڳʱУһۻҵڳɺɫѾӽ硣
λ󣬱ǵһγᣬĳڲֱ࣬ӽˡ
ʱȫԱ񣬴ԱϺûֱڻλϡ
ҶǮҶ֣ϵصн죬н죬ȫͣ
ˣһͺȡ
Ҷ벻ǣڻʵ۵λϣһΣȻǸҶ׼ġ
Ҷһ㶣ʵ۾ʿҲɣǵͬڸʵƽƽ
ǸӣҶЦ֣̫ɷСˣ
ҡͷҶֵܣ㣬۹Ѿˣ㲻λãΪֻܽԼλøˣ
ҶֻٹٸӵĿУǰϣǵĿоηпжʼɡ
Ҷа̾ĸףһ֣ͲòԼΪĴս
ݣֱŪʵƽƽλãԼذսϡ
ƫƫҶ޷ЩĶǵͣҶظе롣
ʤ޳ƽϢʾսڴλΪΣ
ʵ۵Ļ±ߵ˶ʱ˵һը˹׷Сۡ
ҶﰵҡҡͷнĻȨ̫СˣҪйŴʵһ仰ë
Ȼһ˸ϣ򲻿ɰ
һʮ˳Żʵ۵Ҹվ˴ս޳ϮѾʧأӦץʱϢŶԣҲ֪²˶
˵һ˵ļΪָҶǳС˿ûҶӡ
һ˵ú޷ʱв˸͡
ʯ˵û
ȷʵˣ飬ս
ǸʯΪʯ챦Ǿǰ˴ʯҵļ۹лȨ
ʯҲ֧ߣԲŻõá
۹ҵǲɺӵģȻңǵҲǳǿ󣬻ҶҲǳڻ̬ȡ
ܲΪһƿС飬Ҫ㾡ȫ֮ȥðհɣ
ⷬ˵ĸӲֱ͵ָҶ
Ҷüͷһ壬һ۷ߣϴ۶ʱֵǸеߣҶﻹͽŪ˰׳ա
һû뵽ϼһԼʦݣȻ˲һ³ʦעԴǣ
սչڵıѾһգѵûб𣿡³ʦںĵ
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Ǹ³ʦǿ۹ľŸ˷
ߣʪǰɣǸ֡ҶĿѳΪƾֹܹˣ
ʲôңŲΪ³ʦʱŭв
ƾҲв۹ǲҶһЦȻȵ˵ΪʲôҪֹ
Ҷһȣ纵ؾף˵Ķ죬³ʦһȺ˫ĿĿҶʱҶ˫Ŀ֮Уһڻת
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ؼΪ¶ǿ֮γɻִߣƶԷ˼롣
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ҶۿһۣĴָ΢΢һꡱһʯ챦Ĳӱֶϣ̱ڵϡ
ȫʱѻȸԼʲôҲڳɱˣûй
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ǰѾӣڴ۹ֶĿ£ЦԼȻһ㶼֪ҶԼʵۿҲᲽ׵ĺˡ
Ҷۿһȫһʵʵɱ⣬˶˸ս
ҶڳЩжڴ̽ӣ
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ҶǻһĨЦӰһǰһƻӳ
ʮ˶ʱһɴɣԶ׷ȥ
Ҷصλǰһʱ⣬˵쳯ᵽ˽ɢ˰ɣ
ȫǣ׷һһγУȲ˳ȥ
ȫ뿪ֻʣҶˣҶɫ֣См仰Ҫ˵
Ҷֵܵ޷Щĵ
ҶСܵһβμӳᣬҲһβμӳᣡ
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ؽȣ㲻κˣѾǻʵˣͲʱһҪ˾ηҪѪֶΣЧң
ҶĻ˳˼
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Ҫߣȥһ
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152 Ͷ
ڼλĵ죬򾫱Χ˵۶˴֮һʯңѳڴ۹ͨţ֤ʵʯͨѹ
ǰ˴֮һʯңӴʧڵ۶
ȫǽϣκһϸѪֶΣƺƵչ
Ҷ¶£ûܹκܣİٶ˵ڻʵǰ
ЩҵӣеԱйŮйˡôһ£亹Ѿʪļ
ΪһƬƽĵ۶Ȼô˫񶾵۾ʱ̵ĶԼ
ʱϸйϸȫɱ⣬̶ʱǧͷأԭֵһѪɫӰ
ͬʱҲõ۶ˣܵ»ʵ۵ѪֶΣѾû˸Сˡ
⼸Ҷĺɣ˷һȾ۵Լеĵؽս¼һݸ
˷ҶһóôؽսûӵɳôҲֻؽսѡ
⼸նоսļɣһЩս߷ʱļɻ䣬˷羭ḻҶࡣ
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ҶʩչؽսȫǿԪ֧ţȻǿ󣬵ǺܴһԪװ˷ѵˡ
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ģ̫ˣھ߰ɡҶ
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Ѿֻ±ӰҶˣ΢СǱλΪ֮ˣһ
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ƽЩصǰ㲻֪
˷ЩߵصСӣԽԽҷˣôҲ͸¶㣬ʵڸᣬҽɣ
ƽҲ˷ľƱЦҲΪնɱһߣûʲôֵҫɣߺȾƱ˵

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Ҷϳ٤УҶ˷ҶﲻпǧԼѾ뿪ˡ
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ҶЦҪ´ʱ򣬼ǵøҴ۾ͺˣ
ҶתҪߣ߸æղײգպһ˷ǳʺϵĶ֪˿ɷһأ
Ҷû˵Աߵ徯صҶ磬ڷǼ鼴ǻ߰ɣп壡
Ļǲ棬εЦλСˣ۹ڣ˭Ҹ尡
ҶһЦûС㲻Ҫ֣Ȼһʢ飬ֻ߶ˣ
ҶӦϲ˵ɣҽһ£ҽиص£еĸˣ
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вɵÿЦԼЩɱɱ̫ˣ˼Ϊϰ߶ûˡ
˵ص½һż䣬òŮΪǵ˳˷䡣
ûˣصһЦʵ̫ˣ±ȥ˵ģһžˣ
Ŷ£ҶЩȵĵ
ҲʲôҪ£һ˵Żص´ӽָȡһһ߼С
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Ҷ￴һۺӣŸصµһвʲôǰ˵ɣ
صµˣСǳķûʲô˼
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صЩεĿһµʵҲôһϣԺʲôϧıҪ֣ϣܽǳ֣ڳˮ棬ǾԸŻݣ
ΪҶЩɻ
صµͷˣҵʮˣʿ˻һ׵ģ˵ǱҼֲģһɳƲɵ
Ҷˣһﻹῴ࣬ͬʱҲһĿģɵЦҽһɣͶˮһգ
һ˵Ͷʣصʮŵصû׬ģֻǵԶԶڻر֮ʱðҲֵõģ
ҶﵹǺص£͸ˣͬҲһͶʣֻǷͶʼͶʡ
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ҶһĿԼصµʵˣ۹λ߶ȥݷչ׿պǱȻģ
˸صµĻҶһͬʱҲԽ˵Զ⣬ֱǳͶʰ
˻ȿҸ׼⣬⣬취صµ
ҶЦһ£УһƤ棬һΪӵ·ӳҶ
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ڵƤҶʱϲ֪һöΪķģޱȸӵ·ϿҪҶǰʹùķĸ߼
ŷϵǿᲨ֪öľޱȵǿⲻҶͷȡ
ص¼Ҷϲʱ֪ԼĶˣһϵıҲôˡ
Ҷˣݺ¾ͺˣұȻỹġ֪һ£еʵΣмΪ߼Ļ֣Ƿȫ
Ҷѯʣԭǫĸص¶ʱЩȻص˷ģ٤ݣҲ㶥ȫԲõģ
ҶЦһЦһ֣ҪΪ֮ۺĶҲһȫ𣿡
صͷһҪۺ죿һִô꣬ܿʹл˹
ͷ٤йλ򣬸뼸ãʹǿߣҲ
Ҫ֪֣мҵ֮ˣ˭ҲҸɳ̫飬Լǻˡ
ҶﰵһһλôŸжǿ
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Ҷ٤Уڵ۶һ죬黳Уפء
˷һϢ⼸ͨѪֶΣѾ˻ʵ۱
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Ҷ۶ʷȸٻ̤ϷȸϣٷУԼҲţص͸ķ˳
ݸص½ܣŷΪƾһöʮֺƷģƷϣ
صҲ˵öǶʮǰصй򵽵ģͨĵļ۸չġ
ҸǸУȫƷĵвøص¼һıˡ
ϧ۹ڣһûдʦʦ޷Ʒġ
Ʒε󣬻Ѽ˭ðսģһʧ˭Ҳܲ
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Զһͷ󺹵٣ˡ
Ҷصʱ˻ĳǽ㣬ҽͽͣ⵽ô£
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ԴϴλɱĪۺҶϵɱѾЩܿƣԼķŭȻȻɢ
ҶһԼƽѹסϵɱ⣬ص˵
Ҷջϵɱ⣬߲ŸоѹԼϵĴɽˣоٳƬԼҪѹˡ
ʿӲɫ԰ף£һֻ֧ŵأٵĴϢ
ߵˣһжǳش˵ְҲû취
ҶؿߡôǸ˵ô㣬ͰѰ˻ĳ
ҶһָɪɪĸˣЩʿǺȵǸϽǰٺãóԺúȵźţⲡκã̺򲻺춼ҹ
ǡϵʿǣʱ⣬ƴصͷ
ҶﰲοǸ˼䣬һͷ亹ظ
ҵҪ˭ôĵӣҾͳȫ㡱Ҷɱ


154 
ظڣһʮ꣬ڻ԰֣ĸòŮš
ֽӹһŮݹƣ˳ǰһѣʱŮŵļ
һЦ˻ĳȻƧ۶һζ
ƽԵ۶˴֮һңҲıҡ
۱ݴø磬Ϊ̰ɫ˼ȴиĸףݴݣܴ
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ƽƷôӷǳĸйϵλõ֣˻ĳǱ㿪ʼʵ۵ġ
顱һ죬˶ĺţһ顣
ƽһĿУһǰĵһˣϳߡ
ظʿƽߣֱֳҶˡ
ƽɫߵͳǺιʣҸ˵ݹ
ƽǳأ˷ϽһУȨҪ߸ߵĶࡣ
ƽŭǣһԼϹϾߣȻûǻһ˿м
ûҶγأΪʿǵĸ·
ƽԭͱһӻ𣬼һȻԼʣҪŭǿһ޿ֵߣʱһ
ЩʵǺˣ
ҶҶ³֡
ԭ˰ǲˣø磬ôվŶ⡱ƽ˸
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ƽһٶΪ˵ǲ棬Ҷû˿ŭǻһ˿Цͷ䡣
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ʱ·ϣҶѾЩ췢һУߵĿе֪˴󲿷֣ʱһӾͰѼ̵
ƽɫһ䣬ȵƺʵ£޳˺Ƥӿгʹ۸ǧѾߵˣ
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ʱ˶˵ҶﵱƾʦΪһͷħնɱûƽЦ
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ҶҪǸҰëҲŹģĸһɱġƽʿҶе
Ѿȫܻߵô
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̰۸ֻһңȫһҶλĸףݺݵĵ
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ԽԽǰˣҲǲݸͬһѪͿЩѪǲ˳ˡ
ҶʱѪڣ뿪˳ظ
Ҷ̧ۿһգߵԼ߽ͰҲ⵱һ๤


155 ĸ׵Ϣ
ߵõҶʼ԰˻ĳǵĹٳһǰδеĴϴһٰʮ˲С
ǶƽĽǮٵʮ򣬶ϰңЩ˼ռ˰˻ĳǹԱķ֮
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벻ҲУһ¼ȫǹԱȫɱˣûһ˲𾪵ġ
Щ̰˸𣬰һ׷׶ǵʬ¿ˮ
󣬳˽ɻ˱̰۵Ľң˴˿ЩЩԱǣѹε֬ࡣ
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Ҷﲢ֪Щ£齻ߺ󣬾ͻصҶҡ
˶û뵽ҶͻȻȫҶͬը˹һ㣬Ҷҹ꺮Ҷ诡ȫѶ
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Ǵս״ξۼһ𣬷ҶĿ죬ֱ˵ҶĻС
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ΪˣɿԼĴСɴСɳ˴С
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ҶｫǱʽԵ˵һ£ֻǽһЩʼս
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󣬷Ҷ峤ȣҲеүүûүүǸˣ
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ֻһߴбȽϾԶŻ֪ĴĴڣĴһ㼫ΪصӰ
Ҷһ֪ԼĸףȻ˵Ĵ󣬲ҲԽãΪθ׻ǡ
ҶԭҶ˶˿һСǧУҶؾ࣬ǴܿٳĿռ䡣
˶ҶΪ˿ڶ࣬ϵ֧Ҳͬ࣬ⷢһЩֻ棬̫
ʮǰҶ찮Ҷҵϵһλ콾λ콾ҲҶĸףҲҶ죬˺ܿ׹˰ӡ
ΪҵļԣϰǶ˶ûзԷ
ֱҶĳҶĸ׵ҴŭǿнҶĸݺҶ죬׼Ǹк
Ҷ쵽ΣҶӳҶ壬ȴܵһ·׷ɱ׷ɱУҶӵ˰˻ĳǣ˺һϵе顣
Ҷﾲ꣬һ˿ĸڻ𣿡
Ҷһ˿ʹࡰĸ׻ţʱ̶ܸܵ˼ֻôĸһĺ࣡
ҶļҶ壬֧֮ҲǸƣȥԺۣܶȷôȥ𣿡
Ҷȭͷյĸ֨죬ᶨصҿԵȣĸ׵Ȳˣڴ۹ҾҪȥĸף˭赲ҵĽŲ
˭ҪǸǿ赲ҾҶ﷢ݡ


156 ƾ
˻ĳ⣬һĲãɽУɽ͵ֹ죬Զ˻ĳ֮ңһƬ
ౣ
һһֻʮɳľ޴ڵأеļôҵ
һɫӰֻħǰվһ١ūӡ
ֻԭڵĽ𣬶ʱʵƬ̺Ҷ˳ڡ
Ҷ￴һһǵƽϳǰڴжá
Ҷһ£ü޳ոձħϡ˺ܶ࣬ʮ·ֻҵһٶͷħޣӦҲˣ
Ҷ⼸һֱڲ׽ĽϵķħޣܳΪսĽͨߡ
Ҷ﷢ԼʱĺܽҪڴ۹Ȼĸ׵ڰȥȻоʱá
սѾˣȫ佫ϵǿߣ໹ڸȥ۶·ϣҪ룬ҲҪʱ䡣
ʱҶûʱҪսǰ׼߲ݵץħޣڴһٶֻ
ЩħޣǵоٶȻ࣬Ҳĥ󿳲ˡ
Ҷص˻ĳǺûк˼棬ֱϷľңСæء
ҶϷɴϲϴ㿴׼ЩΣ
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ҶЦСӸɵòλǳ֮⣬ҷô쵤ڱڿˣ
ϷЩεͷٺ٣ڿˣҪǰԹ󣬾͵ñ粻ǲеģ
Ҷһһۣ֮̽Уһ£һըƷԲ֮ڵʦᱻը
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ڼҶٶ֮ϷһҪײĳ嶯Ҷ˱ɣһŷһӶͣʱһŷľͿ̻ɡ
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ʲôЦʿ֮ʱѾô̬ˣԺֻԽԽ̬Լȣֻ˵Լв
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ҶЦһ£ʧںɽ
һһľˮ̶ߣҶ﷢һĳХ
ڳɹˡҶŷЦ


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ĻҶԻһжоյˡ
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ҶǻһĨ΢Цͻˣ˴ǽȱСĶ࣬һжõˡ
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ʱӦҪˣҶｫѱҶҴ˽ټ
Ƭ̺Ҷĳȵҹ꺮ѩ塢Ҷ诡ϷɡܿɽҲ½
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159 ɱ
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þţԼˡҶȫʱнʿ
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һһҹķУڵ޳ڴ۹ռݵ֮߳һˮǡ
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һëֵҶһЦɸӣ

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ҶﳤǹбָڵԪǹڣģǹڵԪзѹ
ԭǹϸֳһֱܹ򣬶ʱѹָֻͷǴС
Ԫѹ򷢳̶ХУԪתĦ
Ҷǹǰն䡰и


161 չͨ
˿ҶӰʸдգۼ˷ǰ
佫ʿĿɿڴڴʿ캬̵ʱҶﳤǹЯ̶ǰն䡣
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Ӹմ򿪣ͿʼϣһжҶԤ֮УŹᣬпһɲǣ˴ڣڳڡ
佫ʿһ󻶺˷ȫɿ˽յ˫֣ԼȫǺˮ
һ󻶺ȷһңû뵽ȻܹǿͻƷ󣬾һʱЩûӦ
ԭҡиؾУܷ޳ʱҶѾõпʼ˼ˡ
ſѹԪôԪѹԽСƻԽǿ
ϴƽϳĪһսҲʶ˷㸲ڴ֮ʱѾ뵽ľ档
Ծһڤ˼룬ƳˡиԪѹСԪתһһ㣬ƿĹؼ
õؽս󣬺ƿϻ۴ΪӴ̫󣬹ʶЧԡ
ҶԵ棬ֻҪ˺һ㣬ֻ࣬Ҫڲһоͼˡ
ɱ족ʱͻȻѣ߽УԼҲҶ
ҶһЦˣ
һ޴ȭͷڰգŷȥ
飡
һеķ󣬺͸ĲһѺۣһա
꣡
һ죬ܼ˷ڴ󲻿ɺȻǿķһڲ⣬ΨһĽ
˫ĿЩĿſĴһյģӪһӣȫϱߡ
ѾӪڴ۹ǿǳأû뵽Ϊһ꣬һӵľӪһ
쵰Ҫɱ㣬ȫϣɱ״Ъ˹صĽк
ƣʱ׷׳ҪȻ˷һϺȡٵһȣ
壬ϴѾƷˣһʼǿΧǻʲôϷɼҶо֮УЩĵ
ʼǿߣСӶ׹԰ˣõİȫҪҶѵҪǻ˲ء˷
Ҫ֪ǴɱԼЩóȻȥһϰҪδǾκһսǳ
ʲôϴɱߣ԰룿ϷɴһϷɣҹ꺮ѩ˶ĿɿڴĿ˷硣
ȫ۹İն֪ˣôǶ֪˷Щĵ
˷ҡͷСʵ̫͵ˣһ㶼һˣ
ƽҶһЩ齲һ飬˶ѪڣΪԼѾǿܹ׷ҶĽŲˣû뵽ҶȴѾһ¥
Ϊܹնɱħ޶մմϲʱ˼ҶѾʼƬĻɱˡ
Ȼոһֱɵȭͷųǽ䣬Ӵޱȵǽۣڴｫʿǡ
˷״ʱһɱ
Ǹϵͷʱ򣬳ѾҳӶʮڴ糱ˮӿҶ
ҹ꺮Ŀһ䣬ʣһڴｫʿгɼƬ
ѩ廢һӶŸԼȵıǰն䣬һʮɳĵӰݺ£ѿ֪жڴʿնƬ
ļʸͬҹеڶ±ߵĸ߼еÿιҲһ
Ҷ诳˿ʢɫ䣬֮˿Եֵ
֮ϣһ˽̤ɽƮƮɧ֮Ⱥн䡣
飡
飡
飡
֮ڶÿը󣬶һƬѪɵľ󣬵ѹѹȺΪ֮һա
ߵĽʿǼͣѵһ¿ˮ⻹
˷Ҷ֣Щ׼˵ĳսȻ𾪣ǻûеԼӸĵز
ƽ˾ͱİ˵ҹкۣǴסˡ
ҹȻҲǿߣʾûҹ꺮սɱͬߣֱͬвˡ
۸һŵĿϽ̤ɽĶӣԼӵ츳һ֪ʲô̶ȡ
һϷɣȻѾΪһʦһ㡣
Ҳһ˶һۣ˶Էĵ𾪣ŷֱãսѾ̶ֳˡ
ʱƴޣҪŬϳҶˣϳͲ˵ˣԽԽԶ
һҧƴɱҪԼ˶ǿǹ֧Ԯģǿֵģ
һ£ĸ֣׷׼սţӼҡ
˷˶һۣƽЦǣҸоԼˣ
˷Ц˵ϻأܹúս￴ţ˵ȥ
ߡ˵Ż˼ս
Ҷһǹȵڴգһɱڴʿһ
Ҷ֪ڴնһЩˣһֱѹȣڴʿͽʶһ
ǣ
ҶӦ
Ҷѩҹ꺮һ˭Ҫ
Ҫ˼Ҳͬʱ
ϹءҶ
áͬʱͷ
ʯͷ
ʯͷ
Ӯˡҹ꺮е©һ˿Цݡ
ѩ崹ͷɥıڴг裬ҪԼķŭȫϡ
쵰ҶȻһһ㣬øˣʱҧгݡ
Ҷؿ£µûмֵҰóȥΪļֵ̫мң
ƨһм㣿Ҫ㡱ľſð᳤̣ìҶ

Ľʱֱһһɱĺ˳ųìϮ·ҪԼһ㡣
æԪתɺһ̧ͷȥֻһĮ꣬Լǰ
ҹ꺮һеĳҵˣҪ
쵰ǰҵʲô⣿û߾ȻϷŪҪѾЩˡ
ìһڣһɵìӰڿлۣע׷ױ
ãǵؽս
߼֣ʩչؽսҸϿ
սеҹУȻԼĶӣȻһʼǿ߶ϣҶԷʩչؽսʱɫһ䣬ҪȥԮ
Ȼ˷һסİɣҶӣ뷨Ը˽⣬ԲԼ˳Կģ
˷ĻҹзĲ٣ʱ̹עҹ꺮ߵĶ
Сӣ֪ʼǿߵսжôֲ͵ȥûȥɣ
ĴЦìһӣаɳìҹ꺮䡣
ҹ꺮ޱ飬ǽֻһУ·һ㡣
ҹ꺮Ԫע룬ǽ·˷ܵĲȻһĽն䡣
ƾն


162 նɱ
о޴ĳìһײһֻһ죬޴Ҳ
ҹ꺮ǿķ֮ɣǶһѪ˿
Ȼסˣ
ʲôǵؽսȻԵסȫһ
սѾӽβ󲿷Ѿͣսһ𾪵Ŀҹ꺮
ҹ꺮Ȼܹһλߣƽɫҹн߬ȭͷ۾Щ졣
ҹ꺮һ˻һ⣬κδϢĻᣬ裬չһ󼱹
ǿѹڵƣìӣ˽չһս
ʱһЩβˣ϶ѾͣҶѾʶȫǣûκһ˿©
Ҷߣսеˣ˷ΪսΣ
˷ü֣
ƽΪ֣
˷ǱӰ˵Ϣûսȷ͵һͿֻ൱һĻ߳ڣ
ʲô˴󾪣֪˷ΪһߣзȨ˵ĻȨ
ֻЩţΪֱ޷ƥеĻߣȻǻеˮ
Ҷ˵ʵΪǷһΪĽҩΪۣǿͻΪԵ¾¡Ԫϡս˥
һ֮£ʱˣΪʲôһ۹սڴ۹ôһӳôǿߡ
ǿ͸£Ѿͬʮ̣Ѫ˥ܣҲ꣡
ǷáãѾԪľˡҶ
һ飬ֱֲ̫ˣȻܹ磬ķʽֱԲС
֪ǰͻȻʼʹáģоһЩ˵ĹܿһıҶɫЩصĵ
ҲһأǼʶڴ˵ĺʮʿնɱһͶҲûУʹǰƴһι
ռ䣬ôò꣬ȫɴһ֡
ʱ򲻹ʯ۹Ǳb۹Ȼ¸һУɵóһ亹
ͬʱһʣȻڴҪ䣬ȫ԰ƽūԼļֵΪҪЩƽϾɱأ
ս壬˲֪ǵڴʲôµġ
˵䣬ҹ꺮ѾսİУҹ꺮һηһ裬Ȼֻм֮ûл֮
ȫĽʿǣѾѽǿߵĽˣǴʱ;ԼһͨĲͨʿһ羴ĿԶĴս
ǰҶһʹùĪͻƺǵķùĳǳط˲
ҶһˣȻܽһʼǿߴ޻֮ȻҲֻ佫Ϊ
֮ǰΪǿߣ˭ûеǵİѾɢʣµֻг羴
ҶһԱѾԾԾԵѩ׼Ӧһ꺮ϹҪʼˣ
ȻҶﻰ䣬һ˻˴߶طϢǣǿѹһЩǿߺЩͨ
ǺȻִʱȫ㣬һѪ죬类Ƥһ㣬ϵı˸оޱȿֲ
Ҷ˷⣬˶һû뵽һ֣ϢȻȸղŻǿἸ
ƽ˿ҶҶڰֵ޷꺮ѩܹӦ
˷ЩĵصʱսӦжս㲻Ҫæ𣿡
ҶһɵĿһ˵̫СǶˣǾͰĿŰɣ
Ѿ񣬳ìһڣ˵һΧĿҹ꺮̳
ҹ꺮ɫأһųìӭȥ

һ죬ǿǽϴҹ꺮ʱɣѪ硣
һìҹ꺮ˣأǰ壬Űеҹ꺮һì䣬Ҫҹ꺮С
ҹѣһҪ
ʱһӰҹ꺮ǰһƥĵ˲佫
һ㣡
һȣһ˶ıӭͷն䡣
æУǹһڡ

Ľһ㣬ڵء
䣡
ǿҳһӣǲӦѩĵڶѾն䡣
㣡
ʮɳĵӰֱնڵأɽϱһ׵Ĵ󹵡
ȫʿǶɵɵĿţűԼ廹ıһǿѩ壬ûз
˵ǣƽˣ㿴ңҿ㣬һ仰Ҳ˵
䣡
ѿһӰ˻һȺһĶˣɱģ
ͷ𺳣ߵֱ˼飬ҪǱһˡ
˷翴һȻ˶һսҪ֣Ҷһס˼Һòиᣬȥʲôְ
ѩҹ꺮һۣͬʱһͷһָؼʼһҵĲ
ѩҹ꺮ͷϷһʮɵڰգڼٵ
찡ǵؽս
ؽս߼ǿߣܹʹõĶëǣܹʹüֱţ
ЩСˣûʩչĶǵؽս
Ҷ˵߿УһŵģǻһЦݣ˵ԹȻߡ
ƽһߣЩĿɿڴĿǰһУüֱ˼顣
ȻҲѧϰؽսǾʮľӪҲֻǿһսζѡ
ѩҹ꺮˵սѾһ̶ȣܲǴһ
ԾĲǣǷˣһ۾ͿˣʹõҶǵĵؽ׸߼սǰն
ǽؼصʱ򣬶ʱ˺䶯һоǰն̫󣬳ؼΪѣǻʼǿ޷ϰ
гǶǲϰǿϰˡ
˶һۣǻʼǿ޷ϰ˭ܸǰЩʲô
˵ǰնˣȭϱ߶ǽӴǳ⡣
֮ǰǾͼҶʩչηȭҶʩչǻ˵Ҷ츳Ҳˡ
һɣȫɰɣаģȥһҪЩŰϼһȥ
ԭѾѾЩѵȻʱࡣ
ͷϵʱɫ䣬ʱѾˣ޷ѡ
һҧһȫԪûа㱣һ޴ĳìӰγɣŶ˻䣬ڶ˹֮ǰɱ
ѩҹ꺮ͬʱһЦͬʱһͺȡ
ǰն


163 
ͬĶն䡣
ìӰڶ˵Ĺ£˲䱻÷飬˿ûͣݺݵնϡ
ۣ
壬ѵ򣬱ǿնɷɻҡ
ʮɳƲֹصؼնĴϣڼ̵Ĵնһɵġʮ֡
ѩҹ꺮˶һۣ˶Էе˷ܣǳԻ͵һս
̹˽ŲɺˣղһѾľеԪ
Ҷصһ˵ļû˵֮УѾһһԡ
ȫ¶羴Ŀǣǿʲôʱ򣬶ֵñȥ𾴡
˷ɨսսͳƣ۹ɱоʮһǧˣûκλڡ
۹ߣսˣʮˣνһĴʤ
Ҷȡһˮ״ϸĸ룬Ϸɣ˵սʿˡ
һγʮɵĸ룬ѹեҺ㹻һʱˣֻҪУͿȬ
Ǵɨսڳǵʱ˶ľ󾪴ˡ
ǸоԼһУһ޴ֳڴİȫϴͣһʮ˱˨һ𣬴һֳĵطеȫ˰̣ѿʼŧѪ
Ҷˣһ־Ĺâһҿԡ
Ҷ壬㹥ǳصʱ򣬼Ҳ𣿡
˷ЩӵĿЩƽ񣬲Ӧ˵ūеĳǳضһģڴ۹ūƹңƶѾ˼ǧ꣬ҵȻ¼ǣΪǵĴڣ޷ǻΪͼ
˵˷ҲЩźΪǵĴڣڴ۹޷ǽͳΣò
Ҷ￴Щƽûϵǳ׽ڴĨƽڴ۹۹ô񣬾Ҳܿ࣬ڵˣ
˷ͷýʿǽƽǵȫ򿪣ɣڵִ򿪣ȡʳ
ʮԱ︺ͬʱ˸۶ݴݣʵ˽ܳǳء
һսһĥ֮һһҹڶһ磬һǳؽ

۶ʹ֮ϣһԱеĽݱгôһƬڡ
̫ˣսݣɹºǣҾڿԳֱˣ
ڴ۹Թǧ꣬üһأ̫ˣ
ڴΪպӱˡһϳӯ
ǿżģսݣгִ޹ƽҪ޾ɶʮǰȥפأάΰӴ˺ǸΪӳǣζ䣬Զͼ
ʥȺߺ
˴δѸ£ͬϲ

ڴ۹һߣʹˣյǰ߱ʧأսֱ룬ΪֹѾµĸǳء
ڰеʹŹͼİ֣صʧؾʧذɣǳضѣȸ˸ˣ
ʹˣҪЩʲô߹ʵ
ʲôҪǼˣǾôˣȹ˵֮ʱҲʣ˶ˣ
ʹ˻벻صǹ£֪ԼĹѾ֪ʲôıأ
߸æЦʹ˹Ȼ㣬˳ᢾʤ֮⣡
ʹ˷һЦŵĶһȺɵϣôּһؽ׸߼սôܵջ󣿡
Ѿһճǣ֪ͨǵˣ۶ʵնɱȻң
ʱֻƣĹ¾Ȼǿеķ⣬ǰʧȫˡʹǻһĨЦ
ʹˣı˫ūݷ
ʹЦһ¡οָܹˣ

ڴ۹һǳڣʬ鲼ովһսµĵĸǳء
Ҷ˷һڽ죬վڳͷϣ±æŴɨսĽʿǣϦӳǵӰԲɣ
ҶʵսΣ
ƽͳһ£ս񣬹ʮҩβ޴󰭣
ҶѾСģٽʿǵսܹս벻ǲܵġ
Ҷ̾һǵļҲУȴӭجģôпʵ
ɵ˵˻ĳλؽֵĸˣӳ
Ҷ´սıһ²ԣûҪٽνˣԺսҡ塢ҹ꺮ѩλͲʵõ˸ѹ󣡡
ƽһü񲻷Ͼɣɱʿôɳ
Ҷҡͷθڴƺܳһʱ䶼սˣŽʿҲ֣ʱԵӣЦϧ޴
ƽ˵Щʲô˷һѵҶ˵ȥɣǵ˧
ƽΣֻðҶ֪ͨȥȫ彫ʿǶʱĬеĸǸжӯ
ʲô飬ǶǳǶˣȻƽʱǸ߸佫ǿߣҲǷˡ
Լˣа׷ԲԵĸĸ˵ĽޣҲвϥµĶŮ˭ܲ
ΪˣͲòȥսģ
ߵսһһȥûܹǸսû˱Ǹڴƽ
ȫʿǣعڵأЩѾ
ЩϼһüͷӲǣӵҶĲ֡
ĸܹҶصΪ룬ͨ⼸սۿλһ
ÿζǵһоΣյȫˣѰȫǡ
ҵ׷ˣǡʱĽʿǣıشˣǾԸΪҶȥ
Ҷ￴ЩʿǣҲж˫ͨ죬ҽǴӵ۶ͬʱҲϣܹǻŴȥ
ÿʱ鶼ʮֳأǲ֣ÿһֶţһֵԶ뿪ǣ
ڵ񣬾ǸҺúõĻţŬסǵµвˣǾ͸ܣ
ƽɫһ䣬ⶼʲôۣκγκսǶҪġ
ҶȻܣֱǻ֮ⲻҾ
Ҫ˵˷һ£ҡҡͷ
Ȼ˷ҶҲܲ˽⣬ҶģܷԻǴҶܴﵽʤ
ڶ峿ҶһǳأҶһԲһɵȭͷڿۣųźݺݵغȥ
ɱ¾ʢ磬ڿʼ


164 ˮ
ǹһɨһڴǿɼ⣬Ҷ۾սɨȥսѾӽβ
ҹ꺮ѩȫɱ£˷׷׵£緫ˣ֮
ѩ塣ǰͽߣȻҹ꺮Ҫһ˴һ
ѩǼʵ֮󣬵ڶһߣѩӰԵ
սϺֱײһ·ѪⷭޣϷϷΪս
Ҷ͸ѩ˵·Ҫͨɱ¾ѾɹĽΪȹ̣ûа㸡
˷˶ֲšѵСǿ˵Ĳϣ
սѾϣҪ󣬽ûĵıȫϷɴˡһ佫Ҷߣһ羴ĵ
οʲôҶʵ
ûУֻһʿڴɨսʱ򣬱һڴ佫͵Ϯֻ˵ˣ޴󰭡佫
Ѿ¾ǳˣмλ˵ıӣΪֹʿûһ佫һͬʱҶˣĸм
ԴϴҶÿζҶҹ꺮ѩһгǣȥǳط
ƽǿ˷ստȫ֣ӦΣߡ
ֻսӽβʱ򣬲ЩʿǸɨս
Ĳ£¾ǳأ漣ֳҶǵά
Ҷ̾˿ӣϾͽˣҪ۶ǽһս˭Ҳչ˲˭ˣýʿǽúϢս۷״̬
ǡʿһתȥ
Ҷ˷һڽһ𣬴ҵɫЩأһЩڴ˷ܡ
ΪѾһǣͿԹ۶ˣܹɹô۹һγξðľ档
ʧˣ۹Ԫˣܻһ겻񣬸пܻᱻ
ڹ۶֮ǰЩþɳϽǣҲʼûʧϾϵ̫ˡ
ҶЦλ⣬侫񾡳бb硢ʯڴﲻڻ£
Ȼ֪۹սʵǰδеǿ󣬵һ뵽սǧ꣬ûµڴ۹ܱ
˷ҶļЦС˵Ҷţǿһ·漣ģҶģ
˷ĻôͷһѽϸҶľһ漣һǾ춯أ
Ӱ˻ĳԮսʷǰ޳ʦΪնɱ޻ʣΪ˻ĳסˣűǳܵԱȫ
ƽϳǰһŭΪգһ֮նɱʮǰ
۶ھȱ£۶նʣЩѾһЩ˵ˣ˶ӣͷβڴ
۹˲֪ʵ˭û˲֪˭ѾΪе
ʲôõĵģ˷һ仰ͬһ㣬ǡ
˶ʱղôˡ
ҶЦϣʲôҪ룬ֻҪԼս۷״̬ˣԵʵǰһжǸƣ
˴Ҷûкһ𣬶Ҷ诺ͷӪʡ
󣬷ֶŮЦ绨̸ʲôεˮĲ˫
ҶŮʱϲҶ£ҶҶͷԼǰĸĦ
ЦĸȣϵЦݣҶĶڻˡ
һһߵôո诽ѧַо𣿡
˵ҪָӴҪƶսƻҪʿ䣬һرƣѧⷦ
ֻ֣İѹҶֱҪˣ˷ĻҶʱжЩޡ
Դӽؾ⼸һֱͣæµûʱǣûа֣ĵΪԼ룬жЩޡ
סҶ诵֣΢΢һҶһĵҶĻ
ҶĴֽعסҶ诶ʱĿ糺죬ﲨת·Ҫڻһ㡣
Ҷ鲻ԽصڣҶ诽εӣϡ
̣
һûҶ请ʧˮУҶ诽סҶػӦš
Ҳͨ죬ߣҶɿҶ诣׽סСȥ
ҶĲӣҵķӦţ·ҪҶڻڻһ㡣
֪ã˲δķֿ˶һҶ诺ͷˣµһҲȲϡ
е⣬ҲҪڻҶоԼĶˡ
ʱһֻ룬ʱڴʱôжôҸ
ʵôпᣬһֻĴ֣ڲͣƶԼЩʱ
ҶĸҶգսƣЩ۵ĵҪԼ̫ѹд֧㣬һɹģ
ŶŮϵ㣬·˵ϳһɰ㣬ҶⳡսҪؼһˣ
ҶｫԼԵĸŮ˵һ£Ҷ诶ʱһû뵽һ𳤴ҶȻô
ҶЩȻҶǲҪ뿪ˣ
ҶҶ诹ĶͷһµҪ뿪۹ˣһһϵģԶֿ
ģ̫ˡҶ诶ʱϲһҶ
Զ˵ģ˭ҲǷֿҶ
İɣ뿪Ҳ᲻أ鶼ˣǾͺ硢Ȼһ𣬿ĵĹӣҲҪɱɱˣ
ҶһƬΣʵ֪Ҷ诶ˣǳɱ¾ΪԼòȾѪȣҶԽԼǷ̫ࡣ
Ȼ˭˶ЩĿҶ
ҶεĿһ£Լ˵©ˣû취ֻʵԼȻ顣
Ů˰û˵ҶʱͷһǳԴ˰ɣҪһ¡
ͻȻŮĿǳݵĿҶҶ诵Ҷ߾ܹ׷ʣֱǰʷϵ漣˵֪ԿԱǧž
ҶЩͷһκ£ô˷һ
ֻ˵󣬾ʼǿ߶ֵסһҸҶﻳ
ˣҲϢɣŬ컹һսҾౣסʿǵҶ
ŮЩ뿪ҶĻҶ˵֣أص˵ͷ
ҶվΣ˲Ŀ⣬һǣҶ诽ߵա
ҶȻһ£ʵ㣬ؾǰֵʱ˵Щʲôʱô죡
Ҷôһ˵Ҷ诵ˣһȭҶıϡϿȥϢɣʣǶȺ
ҶЦ߳ӪʣѾǷǵ㣬һЩĿΪ֮һ𶯡
Զһۣڴ۶ķҶսȭͷ˽ʱˣţҾҪ㱨ˡ


165 չı
ɵգסҲסģﶼһɼѹֵĸо·Щѡ
ګڴ۹ĵ۶ԲǧĳǳزһԲΣֻһڣԶԶȥһư档
ߴﵽɵĳ¥ϣɢߵϢ
˿ؿǰ䣬ǸֳһĨ
Ҷ˿ǰʼǿߣͷһȻ뵽۶һѿеĹͷǵ͹ǡ
Ļֻ˷һˣʵֱȣŻߵѹߣѾоѹɽˡ
ߵУһߣҲΪߣﵽˣսǰ
ǸһëûĻƿСȻҲ̣ǲ֪߲мĵ
ˣҶһ㶣ңҶˣб۾Ǹߵëû룬Ҳûëɳǿɣ
Ҷ˵껰һָߵͺͷҪ˵һûǸղһƣĸرըĳأ
ֲˣ߷ֵǲҺûֽܳҪǮˣ
ҶĻһЦԭŵնʱ嵭࣬˷ݸҶͿ涾
ߣ֮ϲ̨桱߾ȻûжŭĻһ䡣
ϲ̨棬Ǳ˼ңɳ̲ӵһɣ֮ҲǱ£ϵһһˣܷ񣿡
ҿҶ۾װģĿһµѽֱӿθѹּҳͿ֮ͷûˣ
˷˹Цһ©Цݵҹ꺮ӣһ鴤
쵰Ҳ̲סˣŭ
αôأôˣҪע⺭Ҫ˵Ҳ治ףðҾ¡Ҷ˵ŻǹڵϻһȦ
ӽָȡһЩֽȦУһѻš
˫˶ЩͷԣĿҶĶֽƬճɻҽ˺
Ҷߵˣðɣ
һ㶣мŪ飬ƭϷȥ㵱Ϸǰ׳𣿡
ȻϷһָϰ׳գϴһ⣬Ȼ黹ˣ
һ㶣⣿
ɲϴ¿꣬յֽ㣬ǮˣôôءϷɼߵ
߶ʱһɰתڣɺתϣҪγѪˣף˼һǰԼɹֽء
ããáȻ֪ηҲɱǣҪܾӵŭЦݺݵص
ΰ󣬵ⲻϹܹʵֵģǹԹԼطĹȥɡҶЦ
֪֪ȫ۶ǷЦóĿҶ
ʲô˷˴һ侫񾡳ŵ˵ĵ۶һճǣΪ㡣
ȥֵһڸ֣˵Ļ۹Ҫˡ
ƨϹԻڣҾģΪǾôϵ𣿡Ϸŭȵ
бҪƭΪǻܹ뿪̫ˡ˵һӣŻ򿪡

۹۶ǰǧڳǰһͷڣֳֳųϴȵٴ򿪳ţŵǣƿɱ⣡
һۣӺݣһڴ󳼵£ڳͷ˵ɱ⣿޿ûͣ
콣ĪҲû뵽ʵۻôȻҳôСҾˡĪЦ
֪кγԹΪҪء
ߣΪǵƽʹöƺҸ磬ҲҵĴʦ֣˵ûɱ㣿ĪһԹĵ
Ȼɱ磬ӦȥˣΪҪɱأ
ߺߣһһҪˣкηǵȥڴ޷ŻˣھȥɡĪϴЦ
˵ͷҶȻŲߣڴһţõڶΣ
һ֡ž
˶ĳŻ򿪣Īϼ״һЦ벻ʶʱ񣬴һʹ죬Ϊ꣡
ǣɱȥɱ˭ɱ˭ʲôʲôסǵٵȫɱ⡱Īϸе
ŵĵǣ۷Ź⣬׷׳ųż壬ѵõķƻᣬ·𿴵֡
Ǳ;УѿĴгһͷһߵĺܣһͷôСܣΪ˭ҵĳأûǰ塣
Ȼ˫ڵһģﷶΧڣһɫ
еĪϣ龰ʱ󾪣æ󺰡ӣ
ϧܿɽûиǰᣬҶ뿪ǰˣԴ˾ҪϾɱº󻼡
ܿɽľҶĻȻһû棬ļ̴ӵ´ɳļ̣ʱŵ֣ҽ˷
ǧ콣ŵӣȻһûˣȫڵϣҵǣܶ˵һġ
̴Ӿջ룬ڲĳ¥ϵĴ󳼺ͽʿǣȫջһɫ԰ס
ôĪϼֱԼ۾ǰһ̻ĵǣһȫ˱ʬ塣
ûлָһǿԭֻһߵĺܣһŭһ±ǰɶߡ
޿һţһڴһĪϴ󾪣ˣ޷ӱܣҲһƣϱ߷һγһķ֡
䣡
ִĹײĪϵķ֣һ졣
Ī϶ʱһ£Ȼ󷢾һᣬͷһԼزµĲλȫʧˡ
оԼʧĿһ˿ãȻ˭ܸң⵽ʲô£
顱Īϵİ壬Կеڵϡ
䣡
䣡
һߣԼǰ䣬ЩѪڣֳɾ͸УޱȽ
ĿƮԶѾˣǱ߾Ͱˡ

һ֣Ŵ󿪣һڴʿӿ
˱ǰ龰һǼһЩǿߴ߶طӣ˵Щȫʹطһս󣬾ӮˣҲ˼졣
ڴ˵ĺֱľսЩԭֻʦΪĽʿѾȫ佫ǿˡ
Ҷ￴һȺ¹һ£ǧϣֱҪ
Ϸɣ첻Ҫ֣һСȫù⣬һ
ϼһĽң壬꺮ѩ壬ǸԶԸһʣһ
ҶЩΪѵʱһң
˵Ҷ诣ҶһᶨصҶҿԵģ
Ҷ˵ͷǱҪСˣһսʼͲʵѹ󣡡
ŮͷҶ˵һǹһͦߡ
ɱ


166 ʹ
ҶȻֱԼ߶ʱһ󳰷֪СȻϷͳȫ㣡
гìһڣЯž磬ŻߵѹҶ䡣
Ϲ֪ǹˣͲҪװǹӭì
飡
˸˿ɣҶ¶һѳظڿУԶԶ߶ӡ
СӣǿЩĿҶһۡ
ϹҲҶӦһ£ߵΪȻǳ񣬸ǰԸĻкܴ
СǲǺְΪʲôҵкܴ𣿡ߺٺЦ
Ϲл˵ƨͷţϹ󹦷Ҷüͷһ壬
ҾҪȻҸҸ߶ͬϷǻʵĻ죬ɣ
ߴһȫƱսΪ֮һͷѹʯ
ߵĻ˶ˣʱɫ䣬û뵽ҶϵΨһһýҩĻߡ
ΪѾʼ죬Ҷ󼶱⻹ô򣬿¾˷ϣҲаʤ
ôϹϹ̫ãʶʶʲôԽսҶﳤǹһڵ
ƨϷ߳ףʲôԽսϷҪŰ㡱޿̣ͷЯ޾ɱҶ
ҶСġ˷˴ȡ
İɣһϹѡҶﶢߣһ䣬ͬһ㡣
ӴƣΧĿʼŤǹߺ޺䡣
飡
ǹìཻһ죬С
ʲôôᡱ߶ʱ󾪣ղһȫһȻӲסˣ˾ж
߲֪ǣҶԼҲ֪Լжǰʱ佫Թ󣬷Լ˶˷츲صı仯ʹ
ҶﳤǹסҲһ߳߾Уδ뵽ҶȻš
ʱһУ˲ӦŶɣײĳǽϣ޴ĳóǽݰߡ
ҶƲˣ߷ӦǹһĨ⣬ߴ̳
̣
ִУ߼æһ£ʱͬغ«ڵ˳һ󹵡
Ҷָû¹ʲôԵᷭذ
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ֳһ޴ƣҶ䣬ҶҲһȭӳ
ɾײҰһǵؽսûκҶ߶ʱһҶʵԵһƥеĶ֡
ųìʼҶСļսҲ̰ðһȴļơ
ҶڼսҲûţ˷硢ҹ꺮ѩҶ诸һλߣչս
ӭս˷Ļ⣬ԼĶһЩΪֻ佫Уʱ
Ǽʱ´󾪣׷ȫѩֵߣΪ⣬һо͸ˡ
㱻ѩıһ۰򣬺Ӧ죬Ŷһ֮جѩϧ
ҹ꺮ѩ嶼εסԼĶ֣Ҷ诺һλսһˮ¶ľһʱ䲻·硣
ʱʱзʵһʱҲκβҶ诡
Ƿʳˡս˲˹ڴ
Ϸ͵õҶбըһٶ⻹ǰ̣ϸϹ
ȫڵϣɢ俪ڴȺոԽ
Ϸһͺȡ
飡
֮ڶǧڴｫʿը⣬һЩȻûըҲˣս½١
ƽȼ״ϲоһӱһ룬ʱѹ
ɱ
׷׳ڴɱȥһʱ˫ײ⽣ӰѪɡ
ϷеġըȫˣղһǺţƣ͸оԼǳƣֻͳòõĳŴⲫˡ
ҶʶսȻսʽһǻʱʱнʿ£̶̰ʱˣѾнսʿ¡
ȥϲˣҶһǹǰһƣ˳ȥ
ͬʱУֳһɵȭͷߺ޺䡣
ߴһղѾӲƴһУҶȻһΣҪƴ
¾죬߲ҵ˫ֽӡһ޴Ƹ֣Ҷȭͷӭȥ
飡
߻嵹ɣһѪȫǲ˼飬Ҷһȸղǿüһˡ
Ҷһȫע⣬Ҷһ֮£ǿĻ߻ɣʱܵ衣
䣡
Ǹպ꣬ͷ죬Ȼ֪ʲôʱһٶɸߵսϷ
ֵʱǿ߶Ӧȥ´󺧡
֮ǰͼǵҹ꺮ѩˣնɱļܡ
ֻǵʱʩչĹģԶԶǰʱǵֻʮɣǰĹģѾˡ
ֻҹ꺮ѩͷˣ߿Ŀʱ򣬶ͫһ
Ϊ֪ĿǴʲôǶǰնؼʶ𾪵ԼӸ
ҹ꺮ѩʩչǰնֻһ𣬾ͶѾķԼӸ
Ϊѧǰնɹֻһ߿ŰǣѾˡ
ʩչǰնʱһôͱʾսѾһ
žʹıŴŰ˱ĿǾǿԽǰնӳʮ
ʮܲǴһԭҹ꺮ѩܹǰնѾΪеˡ
ЩŵĿţ߸ͷƤ飬ؿˡ
ǰն
޴Ħγɴ̶޸ն䡣
飡
ϮʹǻʼǿߣҲòȫನ
ನ۾һֻһӣԭλá
һֻߣһֳֻȭͷ״վԭأǰһ׵Ĵӡ
ڴ۹ļλߣʱֹͣս˻ضӵ󣬹صʹˣ
ղһս˼λ⣬ڴѾնɱԮҲֻһǧٶˡ
˷ȫҶǰֵԣܸо̫ǿˣ궼е
ʹؿԼȭͷصѪղһȻˡ
һеߣԭղʹҶһûȫ⣬ɱˡ
ֻɿߵʬڵϣžһһ
ܺãɱ֣˵ɣôʹ̧ͷ¶һ˫۾ĵ


167 ֲʹ
ʹףҶ˴һʹȻף۾ȫǺɫû۰׺ͫס
ն۾·Ҫȥһ㣬һЩΪϵ͵Ľʿǣʼ־壬ʹȥ
Ҷһ˶ͬһ׷תѡ
ЩʿǼԼֻһۣ˵ҪһϺȣԼѾˣ뵽ﲻ䤱
С㻹ɱҶ£Ѿûоȥˣôһнɣ
ʹȻһתһӣһķУλߵĲӡ
ۣ
ĿͷѪɸߣǰл͸¶ã
˶һٶһʵڸ㲻ףǸʹΪʲôͻȻɱԼ¡
ǿλ߰и߸ϵĴڣôɱˡ
Ҷеĳǹ۾ضʹղԸо˲ռı仯
Ǽʵ㣬ǲ֪Ϊʲôûж㿪һȫͷء
壬Ⱥˣ˷ǳ죬̽һ¡Ҷһصĵ
˷Ҳˣʹǳ죬Ԫиǹ죬ӦΪ
ɱľ˾Աκθ֣ҪµĶࡣ
ɣҲеʱӦҡҶﲻá
˷Ҷˣֻ˺󣬱֣ʱ׼Ӧ
ɨһ۵λߵʬ壬תһҶ˵ʵòôţǵΨһˣͷһûô£
ҶﳤǹһڣָʹҲͬĹ۵㣬ҸΪԴٽƽŻмֵ
ҶĻʹЦЦȤޣһһĺ˼
ǾԣϵĹϵĹĸɣ
Ҷһͦгǹʹüĵȥ
ʹ·ûпҶһƵã˴󾪣ѵ˾ôţöͷסǹ

ָסǹ⣬ȴͬ졣
ҶһҪ֪Լ񣬲ôǿĶ֣û˭
Էƾָ͵סԼĳǹһƣһӣһ衣
Ҷﳤǹһգתǹβͣɨȥ
飡
ʹһƵҶĹǹЯɽʯȻôˡ
Ҷﳤǹ裬һ󼱹
顱֮ڶ
ʹ岻Ҷ﹥ָֻ񵲣ܳʼûһ
ҶСģ۷Ϊ˷ڿʹǳ
飡
һҶﱻԶһ𾪵Ŀʹ
ô֪Լ˰ɣ㻹˵ղһĻ𣿡ʹĿҶһèϷˣļơ
۷壬ȷʵǿӦûôҶЦ
ЦݣҺᣬˣɱ㣡
ʹɫһ䣬˵껰ͻأسҶǰҶﷴӦһӽҶնء
Ҷ
ϴ󣡡
磡

ͬʱһʱ·𱻶ţôɱˡ
ȻǷЩԣҶﱻնغ󣬲ûѪ
նصҶʧ
Ӱ
Ȼǹʹıϣʹ⧲ʱɣֱײǽϣǽײһӲ¡
̳ɢȥҶӰ֣һ󻶺Ҷ诺ͷڲᡣ
ԭҶͷʹЩ죬һֱڰзʹθնҶ͸оһռ䲨ҲʹûӰ٣뿪ԭһߡ
ʹֺҶֱӳ͵Ϯʹɡ
¡
ǽʹ˳Ⱦ˳صܰս˳̶ȣϧ㻹Ҫ
ʱ˵ϻʱԼҸõķĹҶﷴ༥
ðɣҿôסһʹЦһֱӴԭʧٴγҶǰ
Ҷʹʧ׼ʩչӰ٣ȻԼˣĿʹһնԼؿڡ
飡
ҶӦƶɣڿпѪͬһ㡣
Ҷˣ˶ʱɱȫҶǰ
ʹЩĿҶһ۵벻ǿᣬȻܹ˶漣
Ҷͬ˸оֻҪһ죬ͻٴѪ硣
ҶϽת󰵽ˣ֪ûܹס
˷һصĵҶǰʹ㲻ǻ۷壬ǰ벽Ѿһֿռ֮˵Ŀɶԣ
һ۹ģֻһ˵ˡʹȻ
ĸ֣Ҫһңֱ練ƣΪλǴĻǷս˷ʵ
ʹ˼һµȻǶҪˣ⻹ǲ˵ȥһǵȣҲд𰸣
ɱ¾ʱ䣬׼𣿡ʹһĿˣڵ۾ڣûаС
붯־ɣĳһ°벽жǿ˷ֳֳꪣƵĵ
޴޷УҪ
ʹ˵仰ֱӳ˷ǰ˷ʱоԼǰĿռͬһ㣬á
ҿ
˷һȫڿ̲ݷʱ̣סʹơ
Ȼסˣǿ˷ѪӿһѪ
˷ȫûԼƣгʹĲն䡣
ʹ˷ȻܹǿռһҪ֪֮½ϣûκ߿Ը⡣
ǻʣǺ߶һߡ֣νߺͻߡ
ǵڡ֮󣬳ƺͱˣߣҲζŵ󣬻һʱ䡣
ȻʹҲѾһ˿ռ֮ƿزֿռ
Ѿǻܹˣû뵽ֻ˷磬ȻܹǿԼĿռֱ⡣
ԼϮʹһһɨڳϣ˷ȫһȻûжκв
飡
ʹһ˷ؿڣꡱһ죬˷ؿݣķɳȥ
쵰ȥһһӴӰʹ
ʹһһ治ɵľӰӰ飬ҹ꺮ѩʱߵķȥ
ƽߣˣҶ诡ʵȫֹ֣һιҶ
ʹüͷһ壬һȭ

ǿͬؿڱУ׷һѪ뱻ɡ
ʹһЦҶ߱ߵСӣԵô㣬ϧɸı䲻
ԭѾɵ佫ǣ֪˭һˣ
һӰֱʹʹһӣۣ˶ʱնϡ
Ȼ屻նϣ˰ֱץסʹĴȣرŲš
ʹ˼¾Ȼûһ˶ʱɷĩ³ûסκˣǵѪԣҪ
ʹնɱ߰˺һ̧ƣһ޴Ӱ֣ҪǰЩµȫɱ
쵰ס֣Ҫɱ㣡


168 Ҷ
ҶĿЩʿǣΪ˻ȥֵʹĽŲ˻ķɶһ㣬ѡ
ò׵ȵϵĿռʧҶһ˸ݺһȭʹϡ
쵰Ҫɱ㡱Ҷĺرɫ
ʹû뵽ҶôҾȻеĴжʱϣҳʮԶ
ĨһȭͷҵһЦܺã㻹ܶϷ˼
ϷȻѱ˵ϷҶﻢĿᣬǰЩΪ˱Լʬ޴Ľʿǡ
ҶһȻϷҾ棬Ҫ㣡
˵껰Ҷƴ䣬ʼڽΧʯ׷ܵӰ죬ʼƯضʼ
ʹҶһۣһϳֳһĨأӦҶѾͻһٽ㡣
䣡
һǿϯܣΧҶתƬ̺γһɢ¶ҶӰ
һԳʮɵҶ󸡶ʱҶѾΪһˡ
Ҷ˶һͨߵֻһңû˵˵Դﵽʮɡ
ȻҲ֪ʮɵʲôţԲǰ衣
һֱɫʹҶ˶۾һЩŵĿǶ
˾Բʹ۾ȫɱ⡣
Ԫսһ츳ͨߺԶѡ
ҶһԼǿһͺȣٻս˶ʹȥһȭ
ʹҶһȭҲ룬Ҳһȭӭȥ
飡
ȭԣط׷ѿ˺ԼԪ
飡
飡
죬˽µĴܲס˵ʼݣӿʼӡ
ܿӵǰѩһѱס˵˷磬кɱ
˱ֹͣʱҶʹڵλãѾγһԲӡ
أȭͷԣϵӱԽԽµȪˮӿ룬ȴߵɡ
飡
Ҷͬʱˣڰжӡ
ǿǿߣҪ𣬶һõ벻Ľʹ˲
ĵˣǿڴ۹ɱķչвǰɣҶ
ߣ㲻һˣЩɵĻ⣬㻹ȥǵȰɣ
ʹָȻ֪õʲôȻԪ˻񣬵ɻ
ĶˣǾҼʶʶ˵ɣ
˺Ȼʹǰһȭʹıϣꡱһ죬˶һ
ʹҳʮԶ⧲£Ҷһ´˱Ѫ
ˣڼˣϴ䡱ϷԶȴУʹǱ̬ķȻѪ
쵰͵ϮʹʹһĨϵѪҲ֪ʹʲôط䣬ƾȫָˡ
ʺ豾һʺҾͰʺ
ҶһʹȥȭңͬһӰ˿
û뵽Ҷٶһô࣬ʹʱæңһϾͰ˺üȭ
Ҷ޼֪ʹԸרչ㲻ҪҾƫƫ
쵰ʹĵѾʧһҧгݵ
Ҷ£ٶֱ죬ʱ֮С
ŴţҶȻһѳʹĶֻʹͺͺͷϣ߳Ľǡ
ֱʱ˲ŵһοʹĿǴû˵
ҶҲǳһͿɲšϣԭǸͺưJJôͷϰ
Ȼʹ޼Ҳ֪ʱӦЦǱҶⷬŪĿЦá
Ҷ诺ʵʱͨ죬ֻзЩãȻȻҶĻʲô˼
ףʹ׵ĺܣԼͷϵĽǣΪҫȻ˳Цʱס
һϣʼðϸϸƬӿֲ
ֲõ˼ߣϵϢҲʼǿ
ҶȭͷϣҲ˵ˣҶҲٳǿֱͳǹʹ̡
ʹȻںҶȭͷǶʵǺҶʹõѾҲǰǰˣò
ѩ۾գգһµĿ˵սЩɻصǸʹôʹǰĹˣѵˣ
еĹУָռҾѩһѣȷʵҶսУһζûʹùռ
Ҫ֪ռֱ˷綼Ҫסȫûһ취
ǰҶȻʵǿһ˼οռض
ѣÿαȻķѼ˷֪ûʼǿߣڵԪֻһѡ
˷ҶҵҺѾʼ𽥺תֻɫȻ԰ס
˷翴սеҶοصҶ治ϰţôץסǸʹ㣬ô벻أ
ʲô㣿˴󾪣ǸʹһǿĹֱûκǡ
Ǹµǿռֻǰ벽ռ֮ȫգҲ̶ֻܹȽСĵط˷翴Զ˵
˻һ£Ȼ˷˵Ǹʹʹÿռʱ򣬶ڱվʱ򣬶ƶʱ
ٿսеҶʱƶʹʹÿռĻᣬֲû۴С
ͬʱ˶ҶֻӡһΣҵ㣬ս츳ʵ̫ˡ
ٺ٣ϴϴͷܹ侲ʻ˭Ϸһݵĵ
˾ǣһϧҹ꺮ڵѹ˵ܹʤѾ̵ˣ
ϺĻеϴôʱˣһûϴܹϷɵͷ
ҹ꺮صҪϺ
Ϸɵǽʲô
ҹ꺮Ĭһµ㻹Ϻɣ
ˡ
˵֮ʣҶʹսѾ˰Ȼ˶ʹȫ
Ǹʹۼʮּ̣־ܿҪҶʼκβʹ
Ҷ˭㣬ҲҪ㣬ҪôԵЩȥĽʿ
ʺˣ岻ã
ͷJJʵҪҵĳǹԶ
˵أҧʲôҪǸжͿ޳ţ
ʱʹѾ˫ĿҪ𣬺޲ýҶʬΡ
໥죬˭Ҳκβ˭ҶʼƮʹʩչͨĻᡣ
ʹҧأһֱĵصȴᣬͲҶûͣٵʱԪֲ¸ҶԺġ
ս˼ʱҶһʹɣմӵվ
ʹһӣҶʱɫţʹһҶǰЦȥɣ


169 
ԭһֱռϷҶͻȻʧֱȫ˶ʱĶˡ
ҶɫţʹһҶǰЦȥɣ
־ҪҶĲն䣬ͻȻɫŵҶȻǸһ˿΢Ц
һɼ˲ĸоʹͷ˲նɱҶҪɱ
ȻĿһʹЩŵĵͷԼؿڣҶĴһֻɫĳ
Ŀڴ룬Ĵϱ߸ŵĿֲ˲佫һա
ͻıʣ˾ˣ䣬ת̫졣
ղŻۼҶҪǸʹϣתۼҶͽʹһ̴ӾЩá
ΪʲôΪʲô᲻ܿռԼʹһãĵ
Ҷһ֣ȥһξֹƴ
ƵؽԨջڣӦʹڵʧҶﰲĲ١
ɱôֵܣһ𣿰׳գԺȥȰɡҶص
ʹЩЦЦû뵽ҾȻһֻϣ⻹ķ̣ɻ
ҶҪ༥ȻʹӻȡһССʯһҧԼʳָѪӿʯһһ
ǸʯǰʹһģһʹͿĨǸʯ·һ㣬ҶʱòʹȥҪʯٵ
ʹһЦˣɣ
ʹеʯһģʱɷĩһǰδеӴϢϯ
飡
ҶʱǿɣȻڲͣضʹſڵһѾʧȥϢ
Ƕûֹͣ𶯵ԽԽԶˣվԼĽŲ
Ҷ̤ϷɽˣֱӷɵߣԶԶؿŴģһصصܲˣ
ϴ㲻ҪңǸһ󣬱˰ɡϷɴ
Ҷ￴Ϸһۣͷ汻ѻ˵ˣ
Ϸɻػشһ𶯣˾ķ֣ԲĴһ޴Բ򣬻֡
Ǹʲô
Ǹʯ򣬺ô󣡡
ǿʯͷϣôӰ񡭡
㿴ңҿ㣬ȻЩصʹ
䡱һ죬һֻʮɳĴ֣ӵڴһһ֮Ҳ
ֻڵһţһ𼱲Ǹվγһߴɵľʱ˲ſò
ʹ
˺ЩѣĿɬʯͷ״ľˡʹȻŵʹҪǿ
ʯ˻תͷ緿ӴضҶˣ˶조˵ˣҲѲ㻹ҵĻ𣿡
ܸ⵽ô𣿡Ҷ
Ȼܡʯ˵
øղռܸ㻻㻻ĿɡҶֵ̯̯
ʯһµ˵
Ҷ˵
ȣ
ȣ
һŹֵؿּۻۣһʱ䲻֪˵Щʲôá
ȥҶŭҶ㾳Ҹߣıԩ˵ԲУҪͶְɣԶȥ
ãǾ˵һطΪת֮ʯЭˣð벽һССϣôĶףĿ
ת֮ǷǳһطҪʩǰԼһ꣬עڣȻԼĵ֮
ܹ֮Լ磬֮ԽǿԼİԽ
ҶﳰڴﾭӪô꣬ҲŲ벽ʯ˶ʱŭ
ʧһ󲿷֮ͽˣ˵ͻȻסڡ
֮£ֻ˵ʯԼһ꣬ԼɶʱٻԼʯս
ʯʵжǿ˶֮ʯպͻ
ˣҵѾ˵ˣֵˡʯضҶе֪𰸡
ȣǣմҲͦ۵ģҪҶЪһٽصĻôҶ
Ҫˣɵļıʱ䣿ʵ㣬ʯ˿Դһʱ֮ãŹȥһ̶ѣӵʧȰˡʯص
ıҴҶЩΣû뵽ʯȻҪôʱ䣬ӿǲʵˡ
ðɣҾ͸ɣʵûĿռҶ
ʲôôܣҵʱѾʩչˣλҲԾ׼㵱ʱҲԱסˣƭ𣿡ʯ˴
ģʱȻվûߵĿռ䱻ˣļʧЧˡҶһ޹ĵ
岻νҿռ䡱ʯأԲš
ˣһһޣҿռʵ̫׾˰ɡҶֵ̯̯
ʵռӦóռ̻߿ռ䶳øһЩʩΧĿռ̣ʹ֮޷ƶ׸
ȷռˮռ֮Ǻˮᣬ档
ǹ̶ˮᶳᣬˮ޷ģҶͣĽռ䣬ܱסŹ֡
Ҷʹʩչռʱʱ䡢顢񣬶ϵ޷죬Ӱۼıݡ
໡ʯ˷һ캿УǺ͸ŨŨĲʡ
Сұƭ쵰
ʯŭʱ𣬵ʱ֮ǰԼܵҶƣѾŭɽҡ
ʢŭֵܷ֮ĳ٣СȻѾֺˣ͵Լء
ô׳հƭҪɱѵҪʵʵɱҶ
úúãҲˣǸҶȥɡ˵ŻҶ˳
˷˶Ѿ۾ѾˣǰѾ޷ˡ
ҶЩĴӻóһ״ʯһʹصҪã֪óˣ
飡
ʯ飬ռһ󲨶һ˳ǰٸʣ续ˡ
̡ҶﾪϲĵԭΪκ׼һɱУû뵽ԼԵ
ô鷳ˣκ
ҶκָָЦ鷳С
κͷһʱɫȵħҲҷ
һӣǸڱжʯˣʱһɣֱӹʮԶ
гһֻ֣׽Сһ㣬ץסʯˣʼ޷ѡ
ԭѾĿˣһˣּͰѿֲʯ£һʱһ㡣
ʯ˱κתҶߣҶһҵͷЩֵʹˣ͸ˣ˵ҸÿأǸأ
ҶЩεͷⲻǱƵ𣿶СôˣǶأ
Ȼ֪Ҷǹ⣬κҲû취СԴܹк󣬽崫֮أҪ˶þͻˣҲأ
ҶﻹлҪ˵κҡҡͷһϾҪɢˣԺԼҪСģ
˵껰һ죬һڴʯˣʯ˶ʱ߽һء
ӣҪúñءκ˵껰Ӱʧ


170 ո
κʧҶȻʧصƾôûˣĺʹ
֮ǰ͸оκǿףȻѾ߹û뵽ǿƥʯˣһ˿ضûС
ЩʧҶһɻصλƯ˭ǿѵǸġ
Ҷûһ·µյʲô㣬Ҫа̣Сĸף
Ǹë׵СһˣĸôడҶ诵
ûҶشһԵ˷Ѿﵽ߽ϣԻΣ
˷ǰߴУѾһصʯˣп
û뵽һ׼սȻܣʹ˷ǿ࣬Щܲˡ
ЩصǺΪʲôҪأԼıǸ
˷֮飬ӽϵǿߣ˵ҪΪܹ⿿ˣǱ
Իȥڸλǰ֮Բ¶壬Ϊǰʯˣֵʹñ塱˷ĵĵ
ʱŻعղŵһĻѾȫǵһֱڲŻָ
ϴ̫ˣôǿĺ̨Ϸһݵĵ
Ϸɣ˶û뵽ҶȻôǿĵƣҶڳһ˶
ҶһʹصǱưûˣԺҲ޼ɵˣ
Ҷԭ׼պݺյʱٶõģССڴ۹ͰѵƸˡ
Ҷʹ޵ҧгݣʹʬǰĽָѾ飬Ķ;ռУһëҲûҶʣ¡
ҶĲѪѪ޹ˣҪųʱһҶԺ𡰰ĽǸкܴô
Ҷһ㶣ɵôϲʶľ𣿡
ҡϲɣ
̫ˣкܶ㡱Ҷ˷ܵĴУڿԽ⿪ġ
ܿϧʲô֪»شʲô
ҶʱͬһˮͷɵЩŭʲôЦһûأô˵֪ǹⲻң
ֻʣ°󲿷ּӡһҵĶһ
ܸʲôҶɫЩ䣬ղŰ˷ˡ
ֻܸ㣬ɳҵһͿ֪һˣ
ΪʲôڲŸҽҶʵ
ڵ֮պÿԽһѣǰΪһλѾľ
ҶһȻǶϽԼӵģʵΪʲôҴ
Ҵλ棬ҵΨһϱ׼ˣŰǡȥռˣ
ҶЩͷۣɴ࿪żɽصҴʲôĿģ
Ĭһ£·˼УκҼ䶪ʧ̫ˣֻ֪Ҫػ㣬㾡ɳ
ػң£Ҷʱһϲʹĸ֣ǲǻҳֽ
ǵģ
ϣҶһüʲô˼
ϣҪְ㣬ʵҰﲻ㣬Ϊ̫ﲻ㣡
㲻һξͰѻ˵֪֪˵ۡҶһδˮõ̲סˡ
Ĭ˵
κҶʵôָҪʲô೤ʱܼЧܹҶԸʲôĵˣһ˵
ξĬһ󣬺һ򣬲ŵԭԤһЩǱƽϳǵʱһԸһգ
Ҷʱɫһ㶣ƽϳǰնɱĪ۵һĻԼ֪Լȥֳ
ǵＸĴ󹵣ֱţЩţԼɳġ
񱻾ԭһȻǽ˾Ǿһж˵ͨˡ
ҪһָҪոа꣬ոԽ࣬һָľԽ죡
Ҷʵаָʲô
аָгɱ¾˽ƻ̰飬նɱЩڴսʿǵоȫɱ¾
Ҷôһ·ɱôˣָ˶٣
ҲûлָԴӰöĽҺҾ˳˯ֱͻʱҲѣ
ҶɵöԾһϴεллˣ
ҪôѡˣҵΣ
ðɣˣղ˵ãҶʵ
Ƕħ֮ǣħȫڣֻҪֻǵľͿȫĿǰΪһ
˼ҶԭƬ̣кȻ߳Ľ⣬ʹĶͷն䡣
һ㶣ò۵ƣʼʬй߰ɡ

һ죬ޱȵĳʹͷϵֻǿȴи
ҶｫֻĽģվ̸ķת¾һȡ
ֻӲޱȵĶϽǣȻʼڻҶգŶϽʧҶԭȵϢʼ
ֻϽǳʧʱҶͨһһ죬ϢʱٴαһڣѾһˡ
ҶһڵԪѾγһԲĴ󺣣ʵһڣʱʹԪɢ١
ҶϧǸʯͷ˲ҶɱģҪȻҶпΪһ۷壬Ҳָһء
Ҷ˾ĻɵֱۣԼȥɱһڵܣʲôЦ
˼ҶȻնϽǣ¶˼ı飬˭ҲɵĹʣϾ˭ûЩܡ
ҶϲҶҶɹȶΪͻƵһ죬Ҷս޵һ
Ҷ￴һ˵սûнǶ˲ˣȥ⣡
һҶҪһ˶ȥ׷Ҫͬ
ҶҪոа꣬ҪǱɱģǲܱգʵ̫˷ˡ
Ҷܾ˵ĺ⣬ֻ˵ϣٳκʱжеĽʿ
ֻʣһǧٶ˵ĽʿԭأҶһ˽УʶɢͰѳнʿһҲܡ
Ҷ벻ǣЩڴｫʿɱ¾ԼƽҶʱѪӿ
Ҷһ֣Ԩ˲УһҶողһǿߵѪôֶˣǾһɱһɣ
ͬʱİ͸ĳҶҶһİѳԶȥ
һڴｫʿɱ¾ովĴ󵶣Ҫƽ
ۣ
ʿͷ­ͻȻѪ磬ʮʿȫͷ𣬵Ѫ֮С
ҶһأһʶĿ꣬ɱյʿ¾һա
Ҷｫ齣ջأֳԨٲʹȥĸԴ


171 ٹ
ҶĽŲͥһ㣬ʹſڵǣͻȻҶ֣׷ͳҶɱ
ҶһɣԨһ⣬ڴｫʿǰ׷׵ء
ҶĲûκθı䣬ǰн̤ȾѪ̨ףȴޱȵƽ
ɱЩһҲûУǱħ޻ҪŰʹѾаһ㲻ھѾˣǶħ
Ԩǰشڴʿ׷׵£һʱҶڴϡ
Ҷ벻ǣûκҲû󳼣ֻһ˺һȺû·ŮӣϢϴ
ĿУȻûע⵽һ꣬ͬո
ֱҶǵĴ󴲻ɾʱһͷҵŮӣŷҶĴڣʱһ
ӶʱȵǺˣҴ޵ĺ£˸£
ҶлԨĿˣص޾ֻ˶޾Ԩ̰Դ
ۡӣΪΪȻôܣǱһնϲӣᵹһߡ
ŮӶʱУ˫͸¶޾Ŀ־壬ҶĿһЩһ˿ҵŮӡ
ȻҲ毺õģȴޱȵĶģİࡣ
Ҷת߳ͷҲسһӡ
䣡
ʮɸߣ̻Ի͵ĴʱΪһط档
ӦᡱҶһͷϻɵգЩѹ֡
ǴģӦûգŲԴ˷ѡӿڵ
Ҷû⣬߱ߵڻָôˣܹɱʲôǿߣ
ָֻһ˿˿ȫĻӦÿԻɱһʿ
ҶһŲȿգ̨ˤȥɱôˣͻָôһ㣿
һ˵Щ˼صҪ̫޸̫ѣɱΪ̫ͣ˺ܴã
ðɣҲ㻹ɡҶεĵ

۶ǧ۳ǰȫʻ۾ȫеڴ
ǰȫάŰǵͬʱҲܡ
ΪǸӣڴﳹ׸ϢǰѾ˵۶Ϣͬˮһӵ䡣
ȫһƬڣԹǧ꣬һװǺ֮ǵĵ˲ˡ
ȫİգ׷ӿ۶Ҫһǵķɡ
ӿȺ㽫صĳǽƣûȥǣΪֻķʽеϲá
۶ĳǰһۣӺݣֻ죬û쳵ûκųһǣһڴĿԶ
£ѾվһʱˣҪȥЪϢһ¡һ
޷ǰͷ­ѪĽʿȣվһʲôҪӭԶʿǵľ⣡
ȻȺһ󾪺ֻԶһƬڵ֣ۼ֮ѾһȺħޡ
ʱȺʱˡ
ǵӢۻˣ
˿ˣ
գۼħȺøˣͨڶؿȺ֮ǰһֻӴʷͷϣһ꣬½裬Ʈݣ˫ǳҶ



ǷһĸߺƴǰЩĽʿǣЩǳ忪
һЩŮǣҶӢݣҡеʻɤӶˣϣܹõԼһۡ
Ҷų纣һڻ˻֣©ůЦݣοܳʱ䣬ϰҲùɱɱˣ
ҶЦݣů˵ģʱҶԶǵУһӶ޷ȴ
һЩŮǣҶЦݣûҸιȥҶѾΪŮеİӡ
Ҷһ֣ħȫһţ䡣
ʿȫħޣźУӭų˻ĳ
Ӣۣ
Ӣۣ
Ӣۣ
Щ˻ߵĸߺܶཫʿӯֻǲ֪ⳡʤжôףˮҲֹס¡
ȫӭʿǣҶǰصظҶһӵ˫ͨصлл
ҶЦҲ˵ͼˣ
ãҾͲ˵ˣǲ顱Ц
еҪҲ顱ҶЦ
ãããҶ˲УȫǰյĻУһڽʿȥ
·ԼգǶӢ¾ûжϹ
ҶʼչůЦݣؽֵİյͷ⣬󷽴Ҳڸǻ֡
ӳŵʹʱûϹֱʹҶһ˴ЦЩǵҶ诺ͷһٽЦ
ҶĿգգЦҶǴͷϷɶʼɵĲأ
Ϸɳϻ̳ϿֵؽеɩӴˣɲҪԩСܰǾûǾ
Ϸɿŵıʱ˴ЦҲ֪ΪʲôЩϷҶµ
ЩĽؿǣҶʱĽҶֵܣЦ£޾黳
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һȺ⻰ʱɫһ䣬벻ʵλãսԣҶֵܿһԣ
Ҷͷҡø˹һƭϵûôףʷмʵЦģһһ
С׷޾Ҫһܹ߷ɣھ֮⡱ҶﲻЩ㽵
뷨ȷʵһ
Ҷʱϲϵôˣ
ֻҶͶϣһЩҶҾӢӭֻǼǶеǱ·Щ飬ЩϻһЩӡ
ҶŭǱ˴ˣҴϵֵǸҳһ
ҶһҶԴϣûϹʲôأʲôһһݶ˼
۹ܹҶͷһܻŵˣֻҶˣҶٴҲš
ҶԱ񣬲ɵЦͽҶˣ˼˵ҪȺΪͣ
ҶЩЦÿ˵ϵȥôᱻ˴򰡣ѵΪ̫С
ҶͶ϶һۣһΣҶǼˣƴȺǰռǰѾȥˣȻһȺ˶ǵıӰ׷⧲£šһȺˡȽŵˣȻˣ
ҶһЩ˱ȣҲһӻ𷢲ͷȻԼ
Цʱ䲻ˣϯѾãλǸϽϯɣ
˴ҵΣһȺױŮ£һѾںãҷ׷
һ㶼ûڻʵ۵ļӣȻȥƣչ˵ÿһʿнʿǼ֡
ҶҲڷſ޲Ƶɣ߲ܣһȺѪǣﵱսƴɱȫھϡ
Ҷﲻ֪Լ˶پƣˣֻǵԼڷһ


172 뿪ǰ׼
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ӰʧϸȥǽϵλѾʮǿյġ

۶һؿϳǳأû˰·ľޡ
۶ĵϣһŮ۶
Ҫʵһ£ÿͷʵ
ϵͶӦͻ뿪Ҷ￴±ߵķ羰
ףһ·˳ɣ֪ӣߵﶼһƬɹʵ˵˵źȻЦ
ҶЩεصɲܹңҵע⣬ôʵͷ
ڿ˵ʱҾͿˣǸǻձϢͰǵ˿һ룬ǲȫûʵЦ
ʵĻҶһμ䣬̾˿ǰȷʵǸǻԼ˻ȴˣ
ʵҶֵ鶼ѾȥˣͲҪˣʵţҲδܹһģ
ΪΡҶɻ
Ϊ㲻ŮˣЩҳŮӣǵİһ֣һǴİ飬һԼȻȫǺߣ
ӽ㣬Ϳ϶ĳʹĵֶΣȴǳЧԼ֪а㣡
ìܣʵһڸյˣʥİʱע޷ĺһԼ
ҶҡҡͷЩãȻص
ʵҲ㲻Ů˶԰Ŀʱһ۵İ飬Ըٵ
Ҷʲôʱ˰רˣ
ʵһ˿ɬӸ뿪ҾʲôˣһԹߵĽǶණ
ڴһֱ𣿡Ҷﲻʵ
뿪ˣҵļҾҵĸҲҪԶػҵļˡʵ
ǺǣԺһǿߣһѺӣǼػ壿ҶЦ
ҿһҲˣΪҪҵˣҪһǿСʵҶص
ȿȡҶεص۹ǿ߻кܶģ
ҶӰɣ
ʲôҶﾪĲӰɸˤȥ
ʵһصǿߣ˺ӣ츳һ룬Ҳ԰䣡
ҲҪ㸺ģֻҪӦ⼸ʱ㹻ˣ
Ҷһ鴤ޣ޷ܣӾԲҲġ
ҶＱæҲƵķˣԶԶһˣԺпջģ
һ仰µһŵǱӴܣʵһЦЦЦԽԽͣԽЦԽįԽЦԽɬ󱯴

ƽϳ⣬һɽ֮ϣӰһ֮ϡ
Ҷ磬㵱һģҶ̫ˡ΢죬һȫǳݵĿҶ
ǰഺŮ˰죬Ҳ֪οڡ
ЦɢȥЩҶֵҶ磬Ҫ뿪𣡡
ȻǿͣˮǲӿֻǰǿСӲԼһ
ҶͷɬһθоԼĺܻһΪԼĶеɳܣôծƫƫʱ
ֽӵ뻳Уظ˳ĳһ仰Ҳ˵
ʱͬίĺӣҵйڣҶޡ
˰Σ˲΢Щ׵Ŀ˵һˣӦ÷ȥӦ
̧ͷḧҶյʵڳǰΪ˾Ƚ㣬ϥʱҾİҶ磬Ҷ뿪Щ㣬˯ҲμҶ磡
֪ҶɣһõϵСݣ䲻Ҷ磬ֻҪÿҶ磬Ѿ֪ˡ彫Ҷţ
Ҷǿĳ嶯һ񱳣ɿ۾˵һչһӵģʲôСݵģ˵ʲôأ
Ľβ֣صص뿪ֲǲˣֻ뿪ЩΣգʵǻΣգչ˲㣬ʲôˣҷ𣿡
ҶĶҶĻһۣɵصͷ
һŬеģʵǿˣҶĿԸһ𣿡ȻЩĵĵ
ССҶﲻЩҡͷ֣صصȹʱ䣬һС壬첻ҡ
һֻּæסҶͣˮٴӿԲҶ磬ҲûҶ磬ͷˣҪ³
ҶЦôɣôôأ˭ҪҴ㣬Ҿ͸ƴ
ҶС֣ƽϳȥ
̫ˣԺҪǸңҾͰҶ˵򲻹ģ
Ҷ

ѧԺҶĵ˺䶯ȻѧԺѧԱǰһ뻹࣬١
ӺҶһ侲ңҶ󣬰ӳĬһȷʵѾʺѧԺˣֻᵢĳɳҪȥݣҪð
۹ֱƧСɽűƣ¾ڵΪȥ˹Ҳֻܵף
ҶǺЦ޷ȥʶһ棬һıףٻˣ
εѽǸƢˣ֪Ȱ㣬ȥݣϣ
˵ݸҶһСӣҶӹСЦѵ˵бҵ֤飿
򿪺һһƣϱ߿һݵͼҶ￴˿Щɻôôڤݰ
ӵǾڤݵͼֻͨڤݿˣʸƣ
ҶﲻҶѾҪ뿪ѧԺˣʲôã
£Ҹ㽲ѧԺ֪ˣ
ԭѧԺֻĳӴһ֧ΪڤԺ
ｨѧԺ¹أκ˲ΥԲ˽ôѧԺ
˶֪ǣڤڽѧԺͬʱͽˣڶӣһǳɹݵˣƾȥڤԺԽһɳϴ
˵ɳʮأƣʷԶ׷ݣֻ֪ϴ󣬻ߵΪʵ
Ҫ֪ΪԽʵԺе·ߵľԽԶֻм̵ĸ߽ܽĵһ
˵Ƕԭĸٴι̣ĺ³ɳأû˵˵쳣
ѧԺЩܲһֱûһͨߣֻҶ˯˼ǧա
Ҷպƣڰһ£뿪ѧԺ
һվȥ񻪹ˣˣ


173 ݷ񻪹
Ⱥ廷ƣˮһ㣬ɽǰһɽƶ𣬰ȺС
ɽĶһƬɽĹʱʱ֣·˼ɾ
Ǻպ񻪹ʫ续ɽϣһŽݻС
벻񻪹ɫˣ֮㣬ѹ񻪹ĵһףȻǸӲġҶֹ߱
ҶɽǰĸŮסҶȥ·ֻĸŮʦ
һŮʩһʸºˣ֪񻪹кιɣ
಻á
Ҷһȭ۹Ҷյٱأ̽һʦã
ҶҶŮʱһ
СܣͷλͨһҶЦ
Ҷʦ֣ԵȡһŮӶʱڣȻͨȥˡ
ʣµŮգŴ۾ҶһͿҶЩڵʱһϤӰҶǰ
ʦ㣬ؾһΪϲɺذ
ǸҶйʦ㣬ʱΪѾﵽ佫죬ٶԺܿˡ
ˣǷҵΪµֲһָͷءʦЦ
Сܾĳ޵ġҶһȭƤЦĵ
ҶĶʱĸŮһЦ
ҪٿˣɡʦҶɽš
ɽźȴһƬȻѾﶬ磬ŭţ˿Ӱ졣
ʦбߵһûлϴҵ徻أΪӵĸҵΪŻô࣡
ҶЦ诵ʦ㣬͸ʦһԼ̫Եüˣ
ãȻҾʹһ񻪹ɣ֪ˣǷءʦЦ
ҶʱЦϼ磬˼һ˵ˣôҲøӰɡ
ʦˣüʶһԴ񻪹ҶǿЦ

ʦҶĴߵʱ񻪹ڣλ֮ڿϯ֮С
˶һ٣˳ԾǵΪ˶ǻ߼𣬶Ǹֻʮ˾ӣȻѾǻʼһˡ
λλߣϢȣǻʼĻߣʱڵϢЩء
˪ף˫Ŀ֮бһƬԱߵߵ
˫ֱĿ磬˫֮ȫǾ֮飬Ľ֮Ա
Ȼǹչأ͸Ǹ𸴰ɣ˵ʵҼҹȢһӵܣĸһ߰Ȼ
Ҫ˵˪סص͸˵ˣ񻪹ĵӻɣҲңΣҵĵӲϡǻذɣ
ǰ߶ʱɫһ䣬ȵ󵨿ͽƧҲԳƴŲϷ̤ƽ񻪹
˵Ļ˪ʶʱɫһ䣬˫ĿԽı䡣
ǸվһصλС㣬ֻҪߣҶɽ֤һٱκεؽ׹׹Ҳڻ£
ϡǻǸϿ߰ɣ֪֪ǵ˶ģҶĻ˵һȺ׳աߵ
ū澺ô󵨡ߴŭһڻߵѹѹ
񻪹ݲҰ˪һŭȣѹײȥ
εľײһȥΪ֮һ𣬻ߵϢ
ЩĲɵʦ㽲Ļ䣬ȻҶԶһȥʶȫɢ
ʱ˴Σɵɫһ䣬Ŀʦʦ㵽׷ʲô£òҪƭң
ʵҶʱֻҪɢʶͿҵ磬Ҷﲢûô
Ͼ񻪹еӶŮԣóȻɢʶ͵֮ӡ
ղűѹŲ鿴һ£ͻȻڸ˪ʶԳ֣һöһ磬ŭ
ҶĿʦ㣬ҶѾǰҶ˫ѾմѪȡ
Ȼûпͷɱ⣬Ϊŭɱǻй¶һ˿һ˿Ѿʦܹġ
ʦ㱻Ҷ￴ţʱɫ԰ף·ϼһУʱжԼĺ
ʦЩѵصʦ飬˫ڽУǶǻʼǿߣȥֻɱ֮
Ҷʱ֪ԼʦˣæһգЩǸԲʦ㣬Сçײˣͷʦ
Ҷһȭ˻һ⣬ȥ
Ҫȥߣȥ˻ᱻɱġʦЩغ
񻪹£ǻǴе֪Ҷĳƺš
ֻʦҲ벻ж˵Ҷսֻһ㣬Ҳڳˡ
ڣλ߸˪ʶԳ֣ǰۻߣһмصƾҲͼ忹⣬ֱ
үŮֱץߣؼףǵҪ˭е£
ǸԳҶɽӣʱ۾һЦȻС㲻͹⣬ôֻȥҼˣ
Ǹң˭ͽԣһǺĪ˪ҧѾҪߵıԵ
һֱʵΪʦͽȴͬĸŮƴҲԲῴ衣
Īҵԡ߷Ц
ȻЦǱնһ㣬һ·ܹ˵ꡰȰñԣ˵ģ
Ȼһǰûпλһֱۣӻߵѹߵǰ¶һЦ
Ҷ֣Сһ⣬ί˵ҶﻳУؿ޵Ҷ磬̫۸ˣ
ҶЦŵ£Ҷˣһ
Ҷ˵ȤʱΪЦСʱԼίʱҶ;ô
ÿζĺܿģ֮ǰίˣ֪䣬˷·صͯһ㡣
쵰Ҫɱ㡱ҶɽԼĿеŮȻͶһ˵Ļ˫ĿֱҪ
ʮ꣬Ϊʼǿߣӣ߼䣬Ů޲ݵԼľӢ֮¡
ûλͬ·ŮԼ󻹶ܴ
˴ҲҪϾһŮЩҲܵǣͶһ˵Ļ
ǸֻǸ꣬òʤΪ˦ʮ֡
ƫƫһʲôԼˣܹŮķģܲʵķ
Ҷĳִ⣬Ǳ˼Ҷֻ߳ڣ¶мûҶ
˪©һĨǣϽӵҶ괫ǰģｻң
˪ʴһû뵽Ҷ֮ǿᣬȻѾ괫Ҫ֪ʹǿҲֻǳնѡ
ҶﻺתͷЦҪ˵˵ģ
쵰ҾҪҶɽһϢһȭſ񱩵ľ磬Ҷ
Ҷ۾һУأԥǷҪɱ˵ʱ
ռ𶯣һŭߴλ뽫񻪹𣿡


174 񻪹
һŭȣһװ˳ڴڣĳ֣ڵĿռ·һ㡣
˶ʱоԶҶͫһ˿ռ֮Ҿǻʵǿߡ
Ŀռ֮ȵڴ۹ʹǿ̫࣬˵ߵĿռ֮൱ڱ⣬ôװ˵Ŀռ֮ǻ
ѹȫһˣλߺҶɽɫ䣬û뵽ôһСɾȻһλ
Ҷɽǿ֮ڵɫʱǵͨ죬ǿѹǰһ仰Ҳ˵
ҶȻоռ䱻ˣûΪ³˭ˡ
Ȼ˪ʺһƬϲ
ǰ֮񻪹أչؿޣֻżųѯһ¹֮£ͻ
ؽռ֮ջأ˪ǰתͷЩλôɷ̤ƽ񻪹𣿡
λ߶ʱһ֮½ϣǰǸưӵİߣͬйƤһ㣬æ
ˣҼҹֻС񣬲ųҪѵѣûжԹŲ߽͵
ҶһƲϼһ治ҪղŻ߸ϣڿʼβװˡ
߶ҶɽʹһɫҶɽʱ⣬ضԹҶɽҶңݼˣ
һ㶣ڣ÷ҶĴеҶң
ҶɽԼıס˶Էʱһϲǣ
Ŷ˵壬̤㷲Ϊ񻪹һĮĵ
ҶɽһݣȻɲôúŪģʵڣ
ĵӣ̤㷲ҲǲеĲפ磬˽һЩ
ߣֻڶѣ͸ҶͷĴҡԺյ壬ҲûˡЦ
λߺҶɽɫǳѿȴҷֻܽŭѹ¡
λ񻪹Ϊ£ط·ûпѿɫʵ
ʵõģϣܹߵһҶɽ
ٲҪ˭ãҸһͭҵĹϵ𣿡йڣҲûй˼ɣҶ̽ͷмĵ
ҶɽûЦҼҵһã޸ң˵ݣҽһãȷʵû
˵˵ҡѵ˵ĸҶ׷Ȼ
Ҷ׷ҵıùãӦ˰ɡҶɽЦ
۵Ļǻô˸Ӵ򲻵Ĺϵбȴ޿κΣһ˵
Ҷһмӣֽʲô
һصһӣĸˣ츳ֺУ̰ɫʲôö
ڽʲôС塭ʲô˽ƽȷʵ츳ƽƽһںһҶ˵֡
ƽڰ˻ĳ̰۸𣬱ԼնɱӵܣвԼ˵ԼĸײŹԼ
ԭҶ׷˵ԼĶӱɱʱҪҶҼһ⡣
ʶʱ˭۹죬˭ǣҶֻᵼҸ
ĴҶ׷һŭ֮»ңҶݲߣҪȻҲԶ۹ˡ
˼ȴǳ֪Լû취ȱȥӱ𣬵ȴһн赶ɱ֮ı
˼ߣױһ㣬˵֮ˣʱҶɽ
΢һߵʵ󣬱峤ϣ񻪹ס
Ҷ΢һ£Ϳµǰֻû뵽⻹ûؼأҪһͻҶﻹһΡ
Ȼ˵ˣǿˣҪﶪˡҶص
߶ʱŭƿСû˵ĵط
ϹҲû˵ĵط񻪹ҶҵĿˣǲǣǲܻӭϽ뿪ŭ
ƿСϹ̲ҶһЦȻһĴָʱһЦ
ǰߺʱܹʱɫŭҪص˵Ѿ˵ˣǼҲգҲգѾˣǿ뿪ˣ
һѾ˵ļΪԣٲߣֻܵűȥˡ
ȻзŭȴҶŹطҶɽҶҶǰɣ·Ҳ˵죬֪ǷԹʵôҸұһ𣿡
ԣΪʲôҪԣҶﱧ˫ۣʲôˡ
ųǲҰɣҪǸ˾ͳһ˭˭뿪˵һָ硣
ҶﱻĻˣЦȷҶɽǽҶ׳գôɵĻҲ˵ڣ籾ҵģҸʲô
쵰Ҽ϶ע˵ŻһؼУЦؽмս㶼ûɣģ
ҶﲻмЦؽս˲Ҽéкö࣡
ҶɽȻûףʵʲô˼
׳գ˼ǣŵĶǼ˶ǶƨɡҶƲƲ
͡ʱһЦغ˪ʣҲݸҶ̫ˡ
ƨҲţƧģôôĶҶɽŭ
㲻ҲҪȥҼé￴һЩùֽſ֪ԲˡҶ
Ҷ磬˵ôĵĻ⡱ͨ죬һŭݵĿҶ
ðɣðɣҴˣʵϲֲҡҶεҡͷЩίĵ
Ǽ٣޴ӿ֤ҶɽȲҪҳԶˣעҲҶģ
ҶﲻмһЦһ׳յı㵱Ҹһ׳գҪһȥػ䱦ҵҪһȥ𣿡
ҶĻȻ˵ĺƽ˵һƽһ㣬ȴʵ
ʱжһ˵ҶﻳҸصҶ磬ã
غ˪ʶһۣǿ˶ԷеΣഺڵŮ̫׼ˡ
ΪԼսӦսӮ˵ģҶɽֱҪˣ⻹ųųô
쵰Ͳˣѵĸĸû̹㣬ʲôй𣿡ҶɽָҶ
Ҷɫʱһ䣬ԷǾԲˣο輰Լδĸס
Ҷһ磬תҶɽϿ˿ȴɢһļµĲ
սҶĿҶɽ
ҶɽҶ￴ЩţоǰҶͻȻһƽ̶ž޲ȴͷ־壬о̶һֻĶԼ
Ҷɽ֪˺ʱѹԼǻʼǿߣôԱһˣοǰ
ҾҪſ£ҪұǿĶ࣬ҲѡҶɽŭ
ҶЩһ軵ĺӣ֪ʲôǰô룬Ҿͳȫ㣡
췸һĴ󣬾뼤ŭңǣˣ㸶صĴۣ
ҶŹص빬
غ˪ʶһ۵׼һʱ󣬱̨ϼɣ


175 񻪱
񻪹⣬һɽǱпһ룬ڰɽϽһԲʮ̨
̨Χ񻪹ĵӣǧŮ׷̨ۣͬΧһ㡣
˵̨רŸǿãһ󷨿һʸ֣ûƻ
֪Σʲôʸʹ̨ǰһЩǰǽã
ٺ٣Ƕ֪ɣСϢŶһԲŮһصĵ
ĻʱŮȤȫΧ׷ʣŮһصҽ쵱࣬ǡüһ񻪹Ҳʮа˾Ÿйأ
ļٵģǸ˭ʵ
ǿܲʶǲμӹؾˣ޷ġԲŮصһЦ
ؾѵǸҶ
µ׼ĺ˧ÿɰӣ˼ҺϲءԲŮһĵ
˼ҿǳҶʦģôԼʦõǽǣ̫˰ɣ
ԲŮصֻϲû˵Ҫȥ׷Ҫ׷ô죿ûܾ˼ҵĺң
һȺգȻиŮ֪ˣеһҶһǣǰλ֮һ
ԲŮһ״̬ѹô֪ô
ǸŮųָ̂˶ˣֻԼɻأ
Ȼʱ̨ϣҶҶɽԶؿŶԷ
Ҫݺݵشſ£ǰ棬ҿϲ𣿡ҶɽЦ
ҶһЦСӶƨİ飬ΪԼ˧һĽΪһӵıͿջˣ
Ҷɽӵܣǧ谮һʶŮͶӦð
ûԹͷܵǿĴ̼ѾҶ֮ˡ
ô˵ˣˣѾˡҶɽЩЦģҲ۸㣬һʵѹ״̬㹫ƽһսķڷ
Ҷ·ûпһ㣬ĻûҶ㲨Ҷɽӷŭ
쵰㵽ûҵĻҶɽ˫Ŀһ㣬ô⻹ǵһα˵ɿ
Ҷһ㶣ЩǸص˼Ҹղˣ˵ʲôˣҪ˵һɣ
㡭ҶɽûսأͲһѪˡ
ʱ򣬹سڰգƮƮɢӺݵϢ
̨ϵ񻪹ӣ׷°ݣصӭ
ضڵӵһͷųϵ˵λȻԼûǵ㵽Ϊֹ˺
Բӣ֮˾Ӧಫߵν㵽ֹǸСӴûʲô𣬷Ųֽţ绹ಫۻ˵
ߵĻ񻪹ӶʱһƬţҪҶ
һʼǿ߸һսҪıɱʲô
ҪվҶЦȻģҾͳȫǣͬ⣡
ãȻˣ빬ɡû뵽ҶȻӦɵôϲæڣñûзء
ؼҶӦͷȻˣԿʼ
ڹصĻ䣬ҶɽһҶＱһȭЯſҶ䡣
ӿ񻪹ǵһҶﲨĿȭͷһ߳
飡
ȥޱǿƵҶɽʱһ߷ɣֱӺʮɲͣɲסŲ
˱Ҷǿһţ𾪵ѻȸ
Ҷ￴һҶɽһ𾪵Ҷɽˣʹȫɣװˣ
쵰ãҾ㿴ߵжǿ󡱱ҶһɣҶɽɵӣ֪Ӳˡ
ԭԥҪҪʹʵһǰߵĻͳ˷ƨԼԼ
ҶĻպ̨£ٹ˲÷ˣڻߵϢ̨µĵǶʱоһ
ڵһ壬̨Ϊ֮һҶɽͬһҶײȥ
飡
Ӱײһ𣬷һ죬ԤҶﱻײɵ龰ûг֡
Ҷȵվԭأ˿½Ƕû
һĻضΪ֮ݣλҶɽͬĻʼǿߣɫһ䣬Ȼû뵽ҶȻǿΪԵֵһ
һԵôɣҪ֪ǿǻߵȫһͬȼߣҲδôݰɡ
ҶɽŵؿҶҧгݵصôܣ
ֱҶɽˣصûʲôܵģ˵⻰ֻ˵֪ѣ
쵰ҲšҶɽһһڱȫϢ࣬Ҷչһ籩ļ
ҶҲãҲһ͹Ӱ̨ϣ磬˷ֲ˭˭
Хռ𶯣ҶɽȣƣʼòҶ
תۼ˶ٶУʽԽԽľ磬εĸ񻪹ۣ׷ȥ
ҶоһҶɽΪսΪʵսȴһ㡣
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ȻҶʽһ䣬һȭ
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ȫǣһԭһӰƾУôһӷֳʤ
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176 
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ǰߵȭͷֳɫҶĺĺХ䣬˶ʱһǽ֡

ȭͷҪҶʱҶһʧˣǰߵȫһʱգǿǰɺ󣬲סơ
ҶʧǸ߶ʱһȻñһ䣬类޶һ㣬ͷʱСã
Ҫתһǿĺϣͬʱһ͵ϮܺҲԣ
飡
һ죬ŹѵһᣬӦǰɣѪ磬滹顣
ɵİߺȻһͣסˣΪһֻֽסĺ
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Ʈݣչͬսһ㣬ʱҶ˸о²ɵ
һֱĹؿҶȻվһš
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СȻڿҪɱңʼûɱҿ԰һ軵˵ĺӣҲƽϣ
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ҶЦһջɣʲôȫУǰһѪ岽
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ԥãһκŶͷ䣬κǽߵǰˡ
ڳŮǣһ󻶺

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177 
Ҷ񻪹ͣ죬ҶӰ룬ϧǰÿһʱ䡣
ҹˣ죬ȻЩƣǶ˯һ˷ѡ
ʱϧţֱʱȥٻӰӴʧʱЩشʹҶġ
ҶԼȭͷпյģԼô뿪񻪹Ķ֪һ·ʧƵš
Ǻ֪жԶηֿҪòҶЩʧǵૡ
ʮڰǧİٶһԶԺлӦ
֪֪֪ǺҶЩ˷ܵĵ
֪Ǻһʥء
ʥأʲô˼Ҷʵ
˼ʥߴĵ
Ҷһʵ磬ʥ߼Ĵܣ
Ȼֻĵط̫СԲδѣ
ʥذʥذֲ񻪹ô϶絽õõСҶ̾
ֹˣΪǺʥߣһλޣĵط
ôõĵط֪ҲȥˣȫϡҶЩյ
ʡ˰ɣǺֻߣ˸ͽȥǾˣҪȥѧʲôƲ𣿡ĻԴһ˿
Ҷһͣ½ŲЩȻ
ǾһߣҲиģôû
ٺ٣˼֪ǰͲСеˡҶЩǸĵ
㲻ҵǸҵˣֻ
𰡣ҲϲôʽĳƺҵԸһ㣬ˣܲܰҽ簡Ҷʵ
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ҶһͷǣطҲ̫˰ɣԼĳ˾֮ˡ
ԼΪһˣͿʼЩ⣬пЦҹԴˡ
ôһ˵ʱԼ̫СˣҶԣҲЩ
ʵΣҶСʵ
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ϻҪܽ¾˲һëȣΪ¾ʲôǿɽ֮һѽͷʹôͻȻ˵ģұӦ֪Ŷԡһζ
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Բĳǳأ۾ڴϣ·һ̾ڴ˵صĳ
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ɶ˼Ըǣɵļ壬š˺ݺݵڵ˿ˮ
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ҶһмصĽԣСһģпգСܵȻھл
뼸λ֪Ҷҵ·СԺ֮ʱܿǾǣ
˶ʱأΪҶҶҵĵλãǧǲҪ
һкҶᡱ˷ֱ𣬷ֿҶ诺ͷҲ̲סһЦ
Ҷ춼һݸû뵽Ҷ·ʽȻر𣬿ı飬̿
ҶȴЩ鼤ڴͨҶҵĴ󣬽Ҷ֮ءҶȡ
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۵һŽɸߵĴ顣


178 ǿƻع
۵һԭյĴţҶһ飬ʱһ󾪺
Ҷ̤ŵʱ򣬼Ժ֮УȻмʮŮӣĹؿ
ǰһץһ½ȻǸմЩŮץġ
ʮģǿߣ֮ǰһ˷ܵԱ߿ţʱ𾪵ĿҶˡ
һȵǺˣȻǼҰ
Ҷûˣֳ½Ц㻹ǲ֪ȻȥһЩûаΪŮӣҲҶŮˣ
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ʮʱ󾪣һ첻µزµĹүȻ˿־壬׷׳
Ҷش𣬺ȻһȴСӣ·㲻ߣͶҽѷɣ
ͻȻһԽڶһԹؿҶŶϱ۵첻ƤѩҶϱ֮ޣ
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Ҷǰ߱߶Űߵ˵ٴζҶֵʱһᡭ
ȻҶһʧˣǰ߶ʱоһһɿֲȻ޷ƶһۺΪ½࣬Ȼ޷Ҷ﷢Ŀֲɱ
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ҶʶڵľϲĴһͬʱִһûɱ¾ģʽԼòô
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߼ҶԼӭһҧгźХľ磬Ҷݺ䡣
飡
𱬵ҶԭأܵһЩ׷ױɡ
ҶﵥץסӣһУһָüġ
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ԼֵನҲὫЩһ˿ûеķ
ҶΣһʮλŮӳʮ˶ʱһ͵ͳ֮⡣
飡
һ죬ҶﱻҸţҶֻü΢赲һ£ϵ·ķ飬ЩǱ
ЩҶµŮʱŷӦʼɢߣҶҳһţûǡ
Ҷ౻ҵЩļؿŴϵĺܹɣ¸ˣ
һǹУǹһڣŴϴ̳ǹһȭͷĹ
飡
ȫһйȳܲסǿƻӦۣµײؿڡ
ۡһѪ˵ɳȥ
Ҷﻯһ⣬ȴأǹصڴϡ
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ݳ屻ҳأһʼǿ䡣
˧Ҷһ̾ʼꡣ
Ҷһһǿ֫ٺͬʱԪ
ҶɽѾɵˣЩǿĻߣһǰѾŵû겻壬ܵûˡ
Ҷгǹסĺ˵ô
ˡһ


179 Ҷ
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Ȼʮ˴˴ԺΪһʮ£һŹһŭĿҶ֪Ҷңε˸λŹСлú˵
Ҷ￴һۣΪǿᣬѾﵽ˻߰죬Ҷɽȫͬɵð룬СӲԼҵ˲ְɡ
ҶջسǹɱɱҶɽҪ˵ұҶ֮ˣԭҪôȥǼأֻóˣ
ףҪ˵ɱλϣҪɱҪұ𰡡Ҷɽ׵ʱ˵
족һŭȣ˰һߣתҶС֪Ҫ⣬ղŸ˵Ҷ֮ˣ
Ҷͳһӵ壬ϱߵһҶ״ͼˡ
˽ӹ壬ϸһ飬ҶȷʵǼҴûôһжһˣȻˣҶͼλعȰɣ
ҶסСΪҶȣ֮ǰҶ춼Ѿͽˣû⡣
͸ˣʵһᡱҶЩǸĵ
޷ȻԼˣ⿪ˣˣ߰ҴǽȡҶЦ
в죬벻ҶȻ˳ȣۼôˣ⡣
Ҫƭˣ˵˵аðҲɵѵ
޷ҵĿǽҶȣҪɱҪɰνֲЦˣ̰ɡҶӦ
ҶҶЦ˾͸ˣ
ҶһˣҶɽ԰һɽڼɽһģɽֿһǰ
Ҷһ΢΢ЩҶҶֱۣӶԷУ˽źͼ
˵һͷҶ˴Ҷ诵Ҳ̤˴
ȫ̤˴Ҷпһ˿Ѹٱ
Цλ׼ˣҪˣ
˵ڴһΧʮһ۵Ĺâˣռһ󲨶
Ҷ˾һͷĿѣǰһһƬɽˮǰ
Ҷ˽µĴ޽һɽۣ֮ΧȺɽƣ𣬺һ
ûüͣһżХպȻը졣
ȻʮӰɱһǿϢ־Ƕǻʼǿߡ
һ˴ȵ
Ҷˣʱһ˴еɱ¾Ҷҵӳϣλٽ£
ʮʼǿ٣ҹ꺮ѩȫ䱸
ǰһλʼ۷ǿߣһǰһ˵ǺˣΪ¾Ҷ֮ˣף뿪
Ҷ˵ҶЩĽе壬𣿡
λʼ۷ǿߣЩŵĿҶ죬κŵ㡭㡭
ҶЩ˳ͨһڵأ޵Т嵣ˣ
λʼ۷ǿ߶ʱͨһЩʵˣͺãúӣ㵱ίº֪Բ㣡
弸γȥѰ㣬ûҵ㣬ֻΪѾѣ벻㻹ţ̫ˣ
ԭҶ塪Ҷ꣬ҶĸһλֵܣҶ׺ͶҶ硣
ҶһδȢһֱҶǳ۰ΪҶ죬ԼĴŸɡ
Ҷ챻ңҶºǰɵŭ죬ɱ˼ʮеҶҵӡ
߲ŭҶ꣬ҶүүҶŭ£ʮꡣ
񴦷ˣɱػ󣬱弫ȱԵ
벻£ֶɵñͷʹޣҶ緢Ҷ꣬ȻѾͷ߰ףȻΪԼ²ġ
Ҷ꣬Ұӵˣʮ𣿡Ҷû뵽Ľչϡ
ȻʱϳҶƣȴǷּҵƣǵϵƹʶ׼Ҷȣ׼ֻ֮ɱǡ
ԭһ׽ĺϷȻףܲŭ
Ҷĸұ죬Ųӳ㣿ҶŭҶ
úúãҸ㣬ɱҼλʼϣҿܷӻ֪ҶƢ𱩣ʲǶ֣ҲǰЦ
ʲôɱλߣҶЩŵĿҶ죬͸ӦˣҶΪʵڵ͵Ŀ
ңҶҶүүҶһԺĿҶ
ҶֻǰӲͷƤҶүү
Ҷһ𾪵ĿҶϸһ£ҶȻᣬȴѾ߶ΪѾȼһЩŲˡ
ɱˣǼλ߳ϣҶЩ޷š
Ǻǣүү̫ԾΪ̫ҪôǿΪһưķˡҶЦ
Сģɱλߣ»´ˣҪǻȥɡҶЩص
ɱ˼ʮӣΪԼǻʼǿߣŻᱻᷢ䣬ߣͱ̫ˣ˭Ҳס
ҶҡҡͷҸҸףλҪĸ׵ģκ˶ֹң˭Ҿͻɱ
ƽΧһȺ߶ʱɫһ䣬ǰ˵δ̫Щɡ
ҶԶʱһЦ˰ɣСѾûˣķ軰Ҳ˵
ҶҲҶ˵Щ̫ˣҪǳȴҶصͺܼ
Ȼһʧˣڳл߶ʱһÿٶȣ
飡
һȭͷڻڿЦֹҶĶϣҶЦʱնϡ
һ׶ĵĴʹƺһͬˮ̹һ㡣
һֻĴ֣סĺᵽգͬһֻҪȡ
ڳʮλߣʱһ׷׳ָҶ
̫ˣôһʼǿߣһ˲С
ҶҪ嶯ɱ¾ûлˡʱҶҲҶʵæе
ðɣүүˣҲҲ輰Ҹĸģ
žžžž
ʮ⣬Ҷĺһ׵ĸͷһ㣬ԭȦ
飡
ֽҶӵϣָҪٸ輰ҵĸĸ飬ҲšԴ
ۡһѪԭһںһŲʣعһأֻ۾׵ֻʣһ˿С죬ԹĶҶȴҲ˵һ֡
ҶүүҸҸ׻ĸףǼҵļϲκԵɣǸɱ֣ҲǱȷǷֱйۣҲҪ˵ʲô
Ҷ۾һЦĻɱӦҲûʲôˣߣҴȥ磬оһô죡
Ҷ꣬˭ôĵӣҰˣڵأһ


180 ŭ
һӣǰ˿ȥʮ꣬룬һּΪĸо
Ҷ˶ʱŭҶƣżëҴĺӣʲô
ϣ㲻˵һûע⣬Ǹɥ֮ȮȻеӻû߻ˡҶƿҶ¶һ˿
ҶʱһȭͷţĿҶһ仰˵
ҶһҶƵΪͬҲǻ۷壬ҶϵҪҪ̽նɱ
ãǺǣֻ°ܽѣʼҵõߣҶЦ
ҶûԼҶ˸ûȤҶռأ˵ȣҪòöܾǷܹڼ壬ǻǸȥðɣ
ߣȥȥǻ㣿Ҷߵһλߣ˵˼䣬ȻҶߣȥãģǼһ˭۸ģ
ҶͷŹȥ
ǰ˴Լʱǰһλ߰ء
һδ֮󣬲ҶڣԴھ͸˳ǳˡ
Ҷǣǳؽһɽ֮ϣеĸ¥ɽ
ԲǧϰɽĽǣҶһαĽסˡ
ҶҶͣһɽһҶҵһ֧
ҶȵˣȫҶ֮ˣмߵɽĶǷֻ֧мĲϵ
ҶаһȺ񾭲ֵԽϸڲԽ࣬ĸ2Bġ
ҲкôѪͲн׽ˣҶķһЦ
Ҷ˵ĳ֣ʱ˺ܶ˵ע⣬в˶ԼҴ̽ͷĿǡ
һֱмһߵɽ壬ʱɽ£Ҷ￴ֱʵĴɽЦΪԼλ
ɽ£һСʹֱɽһߴֺĽʮɸߵͷׯϡ
ҶһҶһ´һҪ侲£
ҶͷаֻҪû۸ۣҸҪ¡
Ż򿪣˸ҶĲĴ
ǰһ߸ϵλϣһһϵĿ˽
ڴ࣬һ߾Ÿλãɢʮλߣôֶţεѹӿ
Ҷﵹһ㶼ûоֻǾش˵ΪߵĶǻʽ۷壬ΨϱߵߣϢ纣߿ռ䲻ͣĲȻһλ벽
Ϸߣ俴±ߣӵǽ죬ٿãΪ£
ҶƸæǰһȺˣǿڣɱλʼϣҶȣӵȲҴ⣬λ˲þ
λ벽ɫһҶ˵д£
Ҷæǰһˣһ֮ʣҶŶڣȴܵ޹űԱ
Ҷ죿ʮǰӳ壬Ϊɱ¾ӣΪ˴ˣλ벽üëһ
ǣڲݺòеĺˡҶ˵ŻϵһۣŭȻ
ʮǰҶ챻ΣҶҶ壬鱻˳
Ҷŭɱʮˣ˼𶯣˽֪ͬʱҲǳͬҶ졣
ºԭ׷ɱҶˣҶĸסҶǧѩ磬µ
ΪҶɱôˣ˫й¾ô֮ˡ
Ҷǧѩĸ׼ŭѾΪȫȵЦŭ֮£Ҷǧѩֱɽûзų
ᣬʱǵĻ䣬׷װĿ⿴Ҷ졣
ͨҶڵϣλ벽ߵˣҪ˵˵Ű裬һ·ɱҼңҴ򿪴󣬸СвҲѲŴǽ󻹽ҴҪ
ҶָԼ׵ô˺üһѱһؿ޵
λ벽һ㶡ʵǺˣ
ȿȡҶƸɿһ£ѵˣڵĸˡҶҶһģ
λ벽ʱеΣҲֲҶ׵ñƨɻϲҲ
λ벽ʱһҶ˵Ҷ˵Ŀʵ
ҶվҶǰ԰벽Ҷѹ̫ˡ
λ벽ص˵ɣǸӶ׼ôҶȣǼλϺıӣ˵ɱֻ֣ܽնɱ
һָڵϵҶۼУǽҶȣȻʼµĸĸֻʩͣ
ҶĻȫĻǴһ͸ܵˣҶΪֻ߶ѣȻܹɱߡ
ʱֱϵһλߣһЦһʲôϲ̨ĹֶٶѣһСҲܻɱߣ
Ҷ̧ۿһ˵ߣмĿԼҶ۾һС
Ҷһ£ЩӵصǸˣĸҶͤҲ⹫
ҶߵɢǰɣûʸΪҵĳ
ҶͤĻ䣬ֱһŨü߼ʲôֶΣɱλߣҲʵಫֱЦ
ȻλߣҶͤ˿û档
ҶǸŨüߣЩͳصǸ˾үүҶףΪܲϲҵԸ񣡡
Ҷ￴һԼġүүȴԼ΢΢ͷȫ֮ɫ
Ҷܿ˾ֱŨüֱƶǣʾ־Եŵ͡
һ¸׵Ըȷʵ̫һһ²ȷʵദ
λ벽ֶԣʱһµȻִһʣ˵˭˭˵һжᣡ
λ벽Ļ䣬ҶͤȻվҷԣһ˼ȻѾ壬ԶҪٻˣ񻹴һֻ˭֪Ұ֣
⼸仰Ҷɫ䣬Ҷ׸Ҫվһըλ벽ɫ䡰죬ҪٸҷƨҾ㣡
ҶʱҶͤĻը˷ΣɱӿҪΪԼĸ׵ĸףȥˡ
ĵķŭȫɱʵɢڵԪܿƵɢ̵Ĵ濪ʼҶΪܹѡ
ǿƥƣܱӿȥһȺʼ۷ǿߣҲֵס׷ϯȥ
ֱ˳ɺԭϵѾɷĩ˶ŵĿҶ
ٺٿ˰ɣ¾ǰ̫ˣֻͨɱ¾չ¾ʵҶԺУĵ
ҶҲû뵽Լʵôᱩô࣬һʱ䶼Լŵ
һϺȳڴСӿΪʲôط˷𣡡
䣬ռһŤһӳڴϿգʱһĿҶ


181 
ĳ֣Ŀռ·𶳽һ㣬ҹ꺮˺Ȼ֣ԼȻһָ޷
Щʼǿ߼˳֣׷
Ҷռ̶֮һһ𣬿ռһ󶶶Ȼǿ˿ռ
ڳĻǶʱһСӼֱǹһǿߣôôߵս
Ƿɲôһռ֮ղ˵˾ɡҶĿˣмĵ
СӣǸʱŭûһ˸Ҷ
һ죬ռһ󶶶һֻƷ·͸˿ռľ룬Ҷһ䡣
ƸոĳܵĿռһٴΰҶȫʱҶٴθֳɫ
Ҷŭˣˣ˾ȻһƽԼһȺȫһûа㱣
Ҷ׼ƴˣȰѼͳȥʱһŭȴҶʲôҵĺҲܶģ
飡
ռһ񱩵Ŀռ֮ΧĻ߶ǿɡ
Ҷǰһ׷ߣݵصҶǰΰΣ
һȭ¸һûһŭĸתҶǰҶļСһģҶŭĺˣ
һͷ׷ȴ壬ü罣һ̸׸ǹͦ
Ҷ֪δкʱҶһֵؽеүү
Ҷĳƺɫһ˰¶Ҽ˵ñ۸
ҶɫתŭΪϲһ˵£һصĶӣǽˣ
ҶʱεĲ֪˵ЩʲôȻҶŭãĵط
ҶŭתмصôӾˣôţޣһû۸أô
ŭָҶŭΪܻԽȨƻأ
ޡҶŭûһ̵ƻֲֹһˣôţɱ˼۵𣬶£ҽʹˣҿ˭ҷŸƨ
˵žҪҶߣҶæһ£һеأ
ҶҶͤҪĸף
ҶͤĿҶȥɣԶС
ҶȻЦˣЦĺ䡰Ҿǿйȥ˭ңҾɱ˭
ҶЦݣҹ꺮˶ʱһ䣬໥һۣԷеĲ
һҶ¶Цݣ˵Ҷŭ⣬Ѿڵ˼£Ҫˡ
ҶĻҶͤһЦСķͷ󵨿ԣ
ҶЦȰñԣ˵ģһܶˣ
˺ðԽԽãϲûҶͤػNɪѾҶԺС
ãǴүǣ˾ӦǧϵôҡҶŭҶļЦ
ҶͤҶŭȻҶվͬһսߣʱҷתҶ븱
ҶҶŭս𣿡
սսս𣿲ɴ浶ǹˬ족Ҷŭмĵ
úúãţȻŸɣǾԿ˭˭ҶҶŭ̬û
û뵽һС£Ȼͷͻȫѻȸ
ȻһҶ֮¾ʹգָҶҵݣ̽ĸףĸɣκ˲Υ洦ã
л߶һû뵽ôһС£ȻһֱչصĹˡ
ҶŭԸһŵĴЦҶͤһŭȴһҲҿԡ
ʱ˷׷뿪ãֻҶһˣҶҶǰ
ҶʱͷĽף
Ҷصﻹף
Ҷʱ֪˵ЩʲôҶ׿ʧɢʮĶӡ
ʮȥˣѾӵɬ꣬ɳ꣬ҲʮѾ΢ߣȻЩĿࡣ
һ˿ۣҶļҲ
ҶӡУ׻ǵһζԼǵĶһôɫ˵ʱЩޣ
ҺޣҺ㲻һֱһүǣûаҵĸסҶ׵
飬ң;Բֺ飬ǽܹ֧ҶҲֵܹ֧㣡
Ҷҵˣ쵱ĺӣƴҲԼĺܰίҺʧҺ㡱ҶЩʧ̾ϢһӲࡣ
Ҷ׵ĻҶﷺ˾κˣԭΪһֱԼڴûԼɫ
ʱףײϲԼųԸʵһֱԼһܹĳΪһӺ
ԼȻ˸ףԸߣҲԸ⽫߸ףһֲΣǶһ£˺˸׵ġ
ŸײϵףʧҶʱ˫ϥڵأʧʹޡףԭº
Ҷȥ۽ǵۣԼĶʵҲܶ㣬ҵĽʽҲԣ˵Ըģǿ
ССų㣬Ȼܹô첻µزµĶӣҺȻˡԺúôڼɣһŬһøסҶҶļ򣬷·ֿ˵Ǹ۵Ҷ졣
Ҷ츸⿪ĽʱҶŭһסҶĸ첲үģһ㶼үǣߣһȥĸȥ
Ҷһӣһɿռ֮ˣǰɫһ䣬һѨǰ
ѨǺֻܴһɷԲȴһշĶˣ꺮̹ǣҶΪﶼоһ
Ҷ˵ĵʱλصע⣬ҶŭҶѾ֮С
˶ǿߣҶ˵һǵΪصǺˣصأȥ
֮̽ˣŴ򿪡ҶŬѹԼ飬Լڲ
Ǻˣ̽һ˲ͷĵ
ĸףŰɡҶ￴źĶѨļʶش
׳հǸ˶˼˵ѺʮôҰ֡Ǽ˶ʱЦ
ԭʱΪŨҵɱ⣬Ҳһֻӳ
ͣ
죬Ŀͷ𣬷׷׹ڵϣϳ֮ɫɣԼôĶ֪
Ҷߵʯǰһ͸
ͣ
һ죬ֱ۴ϸĺ˨ͬжһնϡ
Ҷ￴һţͬЩʧǵҶףȥɣ
Ҷһѹ¼飬ƿŻ˽ȥ
ҶתͷߵһߣԶԭҰޱȵĽš
ɽͻȻһŮӵľϴ
ȻҶԶڴҶ


182 һž
Ҷһ߽ѨʹǧɱӽŹȴȶЩ΢΢
һ˿ĪĿ־壬һ˿εļ߽ѨҶŶ΢Ĺߣһλױڻˡ
ѩΪ겻⣬ò԰ףһ˫۾ѾˮĿҶ
˫۾ʱͷһѪĺ׽֪ǰ֮ˣгֵӰһΰĳƺĸס
ҵҶǧѩҶϵĽϵһ춯
Ҷǧѩ΢ݵ֣ĸҶգˮȪӿʵĴиⲻΡ㶼ôˣԲ㣡
Ҷһᣬ촽ڽгǸʱУλǣƵ֡
ҶĽҶǧѩҲ̲סһѽҶ§ڻʧޡ
Ҷﱻĸ§ڻУоĸ׵ĻôůôİȫȥѹһУҲ
ףԼǽʬ꣬ںˣҶҶֱ˴ˡ
֪˶ãҶǧѩֹס˿ҶļúӣˣӦøˣúÿ㣡
Ҷ̧ͷĸ׿ԼҶǧѩҶ簮úӣﲻã㸸ף¿ô꣬һ˺ܶɣ
ҶطҶǧѩô꣬ȻҲһЩ࣬ǱȲҹ˼֮࣬㣡
ҶǧѩȻʲôȻҶףףʮտ֣
ʮꣿգҶһ㶡
㲻֪գѵʮûգҶǧѩһɻĵ
ҶҶһۣû˵ҶȷʵûգԼգҲֻһѡ
죬ô˿ҶǧѩЩŭĶҶ
ҶɫЩΣڰ˻ĳЩ꣬ʱ޿̶ҶǧѩæҶҵƣȷʵҶ˺ܶ࣬Ҷǧѩἰɵøϵ
ʵǰйģֻ⼸꣬ȥѧԺѧˣ겻ڼңԲЩԶѣⶴûʱգô֪ҵհҶҶΣæ⡣
ҶǧѩָǽϣﱻĲ棬ż֮лһԲȦͼ
ҶǧѩظЩۼԴұؽҾÿճʱ򣬻һһ棬ÿһʱҾͻỮһԲȦ
Ҷǧѩ΢ЦʵһҲ࣬ÿһʵʱҾ֪ҵĺֳһ㣬ÿһȦȦҾ֪ҵĺѾһ꣡
ÿ쿴Щʻҵĺ˶٣ÿҶЩȻһ飬һͻϹȥˣ
ҶˣñһᣬҶǧѩ֧ô꣬ÿ˼жȹѹ˼ǹȣͷ˿׷
Ҷĸ׵ֵһжȥˣǿԿĵһˣ˭Ҳ赲ǣ
Ҷ콫飬ԵظҶǧѩһ飬֪ˣѾӦͷԼҶǧѩʱϲ
ҶֽҶǧѩȫնϣҶˣ߳Ѩ
ҪڵʱҶȡһɡҶǧѩͷ۾ˡ
佫ǿߣİĵطʮ꣬䲻⣬˵ġ
ҶϸģҶǧѩͷһůҶǶҶĴָ
ҹ꺮˰죬Ҷ츸Ӷˣһλ׷˳æӭȥ
ҶĸԼѣҶ诺ͷһ糺죬Ŀ
ҶǧѩЦſͬˮܽһĶˣʱϲҶúӣô͸Ҵ׼ϱ￪ĵĽ
Ҷòɵһĵ⣬Ҷ诺ͷĸ͸ƻһ㣬۾ȴϲ˶һۣʱͬʱؽ
ҶǧѩʱЦúϲ£죬ĵشӦһŶŮʳʶ̡
Ҷ츸ӶˣһۣЩΣĵ׵һʯͷڷˣʲôȫž۸Ҫء
׼ɽ֮ʣһȺӭһҶͤǰߵһλʮ꣬ݿݵӡ
ҶǧѩˣԭЦݶʱʧȡһƬĿһƬߺޡ
ҶͤҶˣ۾з·Ҫһ㣬û˵
ǰǸݿݵӣһĿҶ˵Ƿ㻹ǷôȥˣΪһ㶼û
ҶһյĳȣЦǲǷҵõǧѩķģЩﶼ磡
ǺǣԼİŮ˱Ľʮ꣬ԼȴֻܹӲд㲻ءһĵ
Ҷǧѩؿ˵Ҷ֪սթĻ쵰ҾʮĿ࣬ҵĶѾɲţʲôʸָָ㣡
Ҷüͷһ壬úõձ繷ʺƻˣƨ˾͸Ͻ
Ҷʱ·ϣͰѴµǰҶ׶ˣһжǰһʹ
ԭҶĸף׿òǳڣ㵹ӵġ
ǰҶ֪Ҳ֮һʱʸǳ֮ͣͬмûе֡
ϧƽƽҶ죬ȻƫƫҶǧѩķģ׹˰ӡ
ԭҶǧѩĸףһֱԼŮ޸Ҷ֪һΪ츳һΪҶ֪ϵԴǿޱȣֻҪһѣͿ
ҶͤһֱʹԼĶӣƻ˵ĸ飬û뵽ҶǧѩȻڼ˷£ҶϣҶ
ҶͤҶ֪ŭҶͤΪֺҶ֪ʱҶǧѩ
ҶͤĳӣҪнҶ츸ӺҶҶӡ
Ҷ֪ʱ򣬴ŭ֮£ҶͤɳȥˣȫնɱȻ󲨡
Ҷ֪ĸףҲǸҶŬ£ƽϢ
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Ҷ֪ۿҶɱһƬҶ˵ãĺܰ
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ҶҾʢĻӭʽҶһγΪеǣжԼӸ
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СظҶ˺ȾƣһЩŮӣҲ˿ûаŤ󣬾Ƶɡ
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ٸҶŮӣҶΧס׷׹ƣҶ诺ͷŹ
Ůʱŵɫ԰ף棬ҶǧѩڣԱϱΪɣǱ
ҶǧѩǶ绨׼ϱԼĶӻҪǵĶŮĲѣТţСĺҶǧѩ˯Цѡ
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ҶŭһοĿ±ߵǣʱķЦҶҶǧѩһۣ˵ֽһ
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Լһ룬ԳΪѹյһݣʵܲпᣬҶĶӾ޵׶һ㣬ֱһûһվ
ҶŴ˸ã΢΢һ˿Σһʤһ㣬صҶŭϡ
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˵ڵأϱߵĳһЦ
ҶŭҶļгȰЦôϲ𣿡
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ȴû˸һľġ
úúãҶŭĺˣҪľǹѪǼȾƣ顱ҶŭһЦ

պ󣬻һƬڵҶŭһңȻӵһϢûֵ΢Щء
ԭҶһһȵĳҪʮӣμӡ
Ҷҵĳ񣬸粻һҪЩǣȥҶصĶħԨɱ㹻Ķħ
Ҷ״˵ĳæҶụ̆ҶŭҶｲһβΪ֪
ԭν壬ΪԼʹò
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Ҷʷƾãʮ֮Ҳ˵˶ħԨʮ꣬Ҷȱħս֮С
ҶﲻһԭһֱΪҶңһµļ壬еԴһ㣬û뵽
һЩڶħ飬Ҷ֪ЩħҶǸʹԲͬ
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Ӵ󣬾ʮĹҶصķߣѾԨǡ
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Ѿǣ˶ħԨ⣬ֻάһ˵İŽᣬʲôܣ
ҶĬһµİɣһСĵģСҲϹսˣñܻ䣬ңֻܣ
˵ҶһӣȻһơ
ֻҪ˸֣͸ҺݺݵɱʲôҸ㶵ţһҪԼҶŭһЦҶļ

ֵʱúܿ죬ҶÿŸĸˣҸʱ֮ʱȻ
Ҷڸĸһ˵ĹУʮҶҵӣǰǰϡ
ħԨҶȵļ֮أﻹʮ֮ңΪ˽ʡʱ䣬޽һʹ
һǰս·仯Ҳ˲Ԯ
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һӰǰȺѲһۣȺеҶʱ۾һ˿䣬ȵҶУ


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ɱɱʹɱɡҶԺдУҶＸһˮļơ
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Ҷһ㶣벻ͷħǿ󣬱һǿҪǿࡣ
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Ȼ֪ôģֻҪ˾ʹˡ
һԶȻ˾Ͳ˷ʱˣǹսȥ


185 ˾Ѷ
޾ĶħԨһƬҰܣûаһƬë֮ء
һʮɸߵСɽߣһ졣
飡
һͷʼħӦأԲͷ­һѳǹõķ顣
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תʧСɽǰʼɱ֮á

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һһֱ͵ϮԼħɵɵͷħͬʱһǿҷɡ
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Щϧû뵽γֱӳԼнץס۾ضǰֻħ
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Ѫֻ֣ħʱһһѪߴͷ
ҶСһԼǺſģѵԼĵѾõ̶ֳˣֲˣ
飡
ߴĶħʬ壬ֳ뵹ڵϣһɫӰڶħʬ󷽣һѳǹڵѪ
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Ϊʲô޷ͻƱݣȴԽԽʵҸоڵıݿǱ˵ļʮҶɫЩ԰׵ĵ
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ҶһҧѾû취ˣֻƴɱҶһ·йеķŭŶħԨȥ


186 Ӣ۾
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ֻҶﲻ֪ǣмȻ󲨣ԵĵǼһʼħʬ׷ײ²˭ɵġ
һΪȻҶǳ˵ĽΪ֮ʼǿߣɱʼħҲ˳ˡ
ǶҶǳ˸ӵľ壬дξȻͬʱ߾߻ʼħʬ壬ɴ˶ǵսӾηˡ
˻ҪȥչһϺȵģܹնɱ߸ʼħֱո˵
⼸Ҷһֱɱ¾ģʽɱ죬ʼħɱ˺üˣҶΪûа۷塣
һǰм䣬Ȼɫ΢΢һ䣬ԶһǿϢڶ
һɼΪ񱩵Ϣ࣬ǶħϢӦһǹϢǿȣȻǰ벽Ķħ
ҶæʶչȻ֣һͷ߽ʮɵԨħһȺ׷ȥ
ǰӰǱɱһ񻣬ƮƮҶһҶǳ
ʱһŵĵǰɱҶһĶ꣬ҶˣҲɱ
ҶЩЦõԶԶȺǱӰЩ㲻ףЩΪôļһǻĹǲСȻһͷ벽Ķħ
Ҷ֪Ҷ뷨ԻƿڴΪΪҶԭ򣬲ġ
Ƕǻʼ֣һޱȣȥɱµĶħ
ǿʼѰʼħɱǰ컹ã˻ɱʮͷʼڵĶħǺ죬ǾȻһͷʼħ޶û
ĶһصĻʼħ޵ʬ壬ǲȻҪ֪УΪߣսǿȻ˸һɱʼħɵüǵĺģ׼ضҳ
һ·ʬ壬ħԨԽԽľŵ϶ħʬ壬𽥱ǿ𽥱࣬׼ùˡ
ϧãһͷ벽ħ޶ǣǿϢǵֵûУ׷ɱ
ȻħʵǿٶȲر죬ǲл
ǿӴﶼ֪ºˡ
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ҶǳʱɫҰףĿһ˿־壬ɱƮˡ
˼ħȻֻ׷ҶǳһˣȻҲо֮ģûо֮Ůȣѡ˺ߣװûҶǳȣͷ񱼡
ҶѾԶˣԶԶǳòҪ£סȥȱ
ҶǳĿһ˿ɬԼֻˣôʱľȱ
ЩƽʱŸߴ䣬ҪԼˣڹؼʱ̻ԼҶǳЩίû˵仰ȫǰۡ
񱼳󣬺ߵĶħ׷ǰҶǳһҧͣסŲһѳ֣ڿлһԲһĽӰŶħն䡣
ħû˿ͣ٣һȭҶǳȥ޴ȭͷͽӰײһ
һ죬ҶǳٻӰʱɣʹһ˿Ѫϧ
ҶǳƽĿŶħһȭԼǻһ˿ЦҪ
飡
һɫӰǰǸӰоЩϤ
˼ħһȭҲһȭӳȫɱȭͷصײһ
飡
ؿ𣬳ѷ죬ӳȥ
ҶҶ˾ȻҶǳһʱҶޱġ
ҶŭһУһߣ֪ԼǶ֣ҲᶪԼͬġ
ҶǳգҶβò֣ҶһȭסħתͷЩҶǳȵɵŸʲôӣ
Ҷǳû뵽ͷܹվԼǰģһż̵Ҷ
Ҷȣʱѹֳֳллңǲӵģһˣ
飡
Ҷֽ˶ħһȭǿЩѪӿ벽Ķħ̫ǿˡ
Ҷŭǰ׳ʲô𣬸Ͻ
Ҷ꣬ܿħһְֱۣڳǹصڶħСϡ
飡
ҶһȻֻͷħһûˣҶǣҶǳûбԼߡ
վĿᣬίĿ޵ȻңҴСһֱûң
ҶһѵЩС˼ʮ꣬ӶˣʲôʱˣƽЩ
ðɣðɣҴˣҲˣϽ߰ɿԲҶһ߶ţһ߿ЦŵǸ
ҶǸҶǳŰ©һ˿Цݣ滨š
ҶﱻЦݣȾͷŭҶѾǸˣôߣ
Ҷǳҡҡͷ᳤ҲܶһҪ㲢սҲ޺
ҶǳĻҶַŭֺЦһ˿˿жŮӣȻҲɺҶ˾Ȼϣ
ĲߡҶ
ߡҶǳֳһڣǾǿ
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187 鼼
ǿϯվԶҶǳʱһ治ɵϢƵȥֱ˳ɣϵѹٵԼܹĵز
ҶǳȻĿҶҲ벻һֱ˳ҶȻǿ˲˼ĵز
Ҷٻս˻һӰгǹŰ벽ħ䡣
飡
һ죬ط׷ѿħ¶ʱһϰɵĴӣԶҶǳʱǿɣԶûˡ
Ҷǳѧˣֱ˳ʮ⣬ٻɶ೤ĳƯڰվĿ±ߵս
ħܵҶĹʱһҶһȭȥȭͷϣȻֳһʯĸ
Ҷ״ҲһгǹŶħȭͷȥ
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һ죬Ҷгǹܲסɾ޴Ȼը÷顣
Ҷһ㶣ѳǹǸܾˣԴؾ֮һֱǿȻǡ
ҶһۣͬʱҶ֪Լĳɳ̫죬ǹѾԼɳĲˡ
ԶҶǳͻȻҶ飬ʱһҶһôֿȭӭսħ
飡
֮ǿزϵ飬ԲʮĵòѾΡ
ҶǳĿŸ벽ħսӰһʱ䷼𺳣
Ҷȣһⲫս쳣ȭȭĿУҶﻶ죬ϲսʽ
໣
ħһŭ𣬻һƬϢǿˣҶﲻ󾪡
ԺħҪһɹֻķˣɱõֵķˣ
Ҷһ˫ֽӡһֱٶɵȭͷ±ߵĶħݺȥ
飡
Բǧﶼܸе𶯣ݣ޴Χ׷ɣγһԲĴӡ
еĶħȴشӵ𣬿Ӳûܵ˺Ҷﲻɵͫһ
ûʲôֵģûǻ۵Ķħȫڷϣֻа벽ķûֶζƿ
ԭֵͽ׶ħûǻۣ޷򣬵˰벽Ǳܵؽڷϣǵķǳ̬
Ҷؿһ۵ϵĶħһͺȣʮŰ͸Ҷ
ԨҶСȻвƷǾͻʽɣ
Ҷ˶ԨħȥͬʱʮŰѷɽŶħȥ
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ɽȻϬ̴˶ħۼ׷ֻߣҲ޷롣
ħһӶʮŸӣʱ۵໴УɫҺ˿ڻ
Ҷһ㶣ﵽ벽ѪҺɫˣҶʶʮŰѷɽϵظħ˺
ͬʱҲѰ㣬ħϵƬ壬ûκǡ
ֻˣҲ֪ܲܳɹҶеԨ𣬽ϣա
Ҷ˫ֺϲԭЩΧħķɽʱ˶ħɵԨ֮ǰԨ֮С
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Ԩʱ仯һѳʮɵĽӰΧնòȶ·޷Ҫһ㡣
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Ƕħһʱͷ׳ֱۻǰӲҶһ
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һ죬ħƬ̺ۡϱ۷׷ء
Ŷħͷ­ѿֳ봹ڼϣͨһʮɸߵԵڵء
ۣ벽а̫꣬ˡ̾
ҶҲоһһɾӿԼڣȻԼΪûӣȴоԼǿࡣ
ٺ٣о˰ɣݼ̵ĺôǰɶĸʵսȻȻõ°ҵĿ˰ɡ
ҶһЦȷʵܵ˺ôҲտʼôŭˡ
Ŷħʬ壬Ҷһοġն޸һ飬ں˽ȥȻƾ齫Ϊնɱһ벽
ϵԨͣɽɽˣΪҲŷҶѾﵽ齫졣
ФȻ죬ֱΪҶƵģп䣬ҶǳҶߣأЩĿŶħʬ壬Щš
Ҷ￴ŮܰҸæ𣿡
ҶǳŷӦ΢˵ɣֻҪһģ
飬Ҫκ˵𣿡Ҷ
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Ҷ˵߾ߣ˿ûаԥҶǳЩʧ䣬Ҷʧķ̾˿Ӫطȥ

ʲô˵Ҷǳգ벽ħ׷ɱҶ֪ɫҰף亹˶ͷ
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쵰⼸ų򣬾Ȼһ˶£ʲô£ҪҶ֪ŭ
Ҷǳ˭ǿǹ谮Ůиʲộܹ赲ŭ
Ҷ֪ʱЩˣԼ⣬Ϊֻһͨƾ輸˻ʼΪʲôΣա
û뵽ǾȻܵԨһͷ벽ĶħǿԼҲҪߵĺݽɫ
쵰ŸʲôϿ֪ͨؾǻʼǿߣȫһȥӪС㡱ľͷһͷҶ֪޲ý
ԸϿȥ֪ͨƬٶλ߼Ҷ֪Ĵ£׷µص
ֻǸոձͼһӰ߱
ҶЩԼ۾ΪҶǳȻɫе԰ףǻ²ûʲôˡ
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Ҷǳֻǵ˵ͷҶȸæΧ׷׹еûˣûﲻ費Ҫҩ
ҶʵôյʱҶǳصǶħû˺ң׷ֻһ仰
һ仰ʲôҶһʱ䲻ԡ
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ҶǳĻʱҶ࣬ȴ˵һͷ
ҶǳûǣҶ֪˵˾䡰ˣȻȥϢˡ֮뿪ˡ
صפغ󣬾ػǸĮкӰǽ𵭵Цݡ
ǰǱΪҵѣҺΪѣ


188 Ҷ
䣡
һͷߴʮɵĶħأ˶ͷ­ԶɫѪҺһء
ҶЩϢһߣڼҪըҶѾǵͷ벽ħˣôڵͻһǧʮııû
ǿˣҲôЩڶһЩʱ䣬ǳ͸ĸ
Ҷһ£ֲżǾɡðɣǾģǻȥɣʱĿϾҪˣҪϻȥμӳ񣡡
Ҷĳ˿ʱƵģΪڰ£º󿼺˽ʼĳʽ
ҶȵĴǣԨΪǰ䷢쿪ʼǽΪҶһսʿõһöʿѫ¡
𼱰ڶѾܹɱ벽ħˣβսһħջ
㿪ʲôЦǿǱȰ벽ǿĴڣȥ𣿡ҶֱӴӵ
УǵϢһ˸࡮󡯵ʱնɱ̽ȡȴԶҡЩмĵ
ģҶЩŵĵ
Ȼġĵĵ
ҶһȭͷãҾԣҾͲˣ֮ͬУ˱Ҹǿ
ҶϢһֱӽ۷״̬վΣħԨĸȥ

ħԨڣǧķǰβμԵĵǶһ
ΪԵһ죬ĵǣѾطأЩûлԶزˡ
ǵͳƣһһʮˣս߰ٶΪ޷̭
վǧӣѾȴŸ߲ļġ
ʱ仹磬һ׷ţҶСҶŭһϵǶһ̸š
˵Ҷ᲻ʲô°ˣΪʲôϻһЩǵĵ
ޣѻ죬˵ЩʲôҶʲôôܳ£ҶС
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ҶС౻ǼʵҲЩҲû취Ȼ֪Ҷսǿ
ħԨ֮Уʲô鶼֣ܳǰ벽п䡣
ڳУҶŭһϵ⣬һҲͬڵҶ裬ףҶǳĿħԨȥ
ҶֺҶǳԴϴλ󣬶һֱһ仰˵
Ūļ˷ǳΣ޿κΣȷʵ̫ˣһֱ²ҪȥǺڼ̧ͷˡ
ãҶǳҶ֪˭û׷µ˼Ǵһ
Ҷ֪ﻹиǴһҶ֪Ҷһ뿪󣬱û˵ʲô
ȻԶĴһһٶ˴Ӵ߳һ˿ȥֻʮ꣬޳񣬻ûаϢ͸ȴһҪĤݵĳ嶯
찡˾ȻԸֳ̫ˣ
ǰǰ˵˶һֱչأϴ¶ʱ򣬻һٶǰأ
ǻ˵һû˵ˣֹأ
±ߵĵѪ֮ʣҶȹҶǴһ˻ǰ
Ҷǵ󣬹λߣλǸҶҶŭ߻һλߣϵΪǰ¡
вٵӾôʼ˾Ҳˣ
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ʱǳɹ֣ûðȻѯʣлһ˿
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Ҷ֪ﱻҶƽĿһۣȴоԼ궼ҪˣԼʲô˼ɵͷ󺹵صĶҶǳҶôʧٵģҪˣ
˵ɣҶֵһӣһŭ֮뿪˶顱ҶǳҶǵ
ҶǿԼüԺŮСС;ʹﵽ˻ڸ֣ɵʮο
ŶΪʲôҪҶҶǿҶʵ
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ҶǵĿһɫҶصЩĶͲܰ˼ϣͲôɱħΪֵ
Ҷɫ԰ף£һ仰Ҳ˵ұ¶㲻
ˣ˵Щ˷ĵˣʼɡҶǸ˵껰
ȻһһЩǲˤһʧɫ֮ԽԽ·һֻ޴ޣ߱
ȻԶƽϣһʮɸߵӰŭظһս
߼ÿκضһȻУߴӡ
үӣæӱ۸ίĺӪ


189 Ҷ
ԶԶЩֻ߼ĵǣԶ״
е족ĳҶŭһϵĵüͷ˼
Ȼˣ˺üƣŵüأҶҶСЩŭ䲻
ҶǵˣҲԶȥǵɲЩܱȵģͰԶοһ
ֻһ꣬ڸһħսҶǵ򶨣Ҳͫһ
ҶŭԶԶԼӣڱһͷħ׷ɱʱһ缱ȥдȡҶţ㣡
ԭҶﵱñңҵһͷħͷȻȰ벽Ķħߴ
ȫͬһۼףҶ֣ʱ
Ҷ￪սͷħһսʱҶ벻ǣħȰ벽ħҪǿʮ
ԼսһʱԼֶѪˣû˵ͷħһ˿һ
ȭͷκβħҶٻԨһȺɽҶƵǣɽڶħۼϣĽȻûˡ
æʹնֻħϣһĿӡ
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ħϣ˼˿⣬ûаӰħս
ħѾҶ̼ķ񣬶Ҷ﷢һ籩͹
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ʱҶڸоһ˿ˣԼѾǿ󣬶򲻹ͷħ˿԰쵽
쵰ƭңһͣնɱħˣҶ
ҿûƭ㣬û˵ͣ˵СҪŶЩյĵ
ʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
˵СָĲͣǿͷһˣȷʵͷʱ򣬾ܹնɱħˣ
ĽҶѾˣٹʮ꣬ͷֱˡ
ҶݺݵصãޣҼţҸû꣡
ȿȣԼˣҪֱˣΪǳΪĹ󡱾Ȱ
ҶЩҪˣһĶ֣һĶѣǳǸŰľ
Ҷһŭ֮£˵רӦͷħսҹҶﹲʹ˾ŴΡն
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ħ⼸ѾҶý˿״̬ضҶﲻţٶȼ죬˦
һһСӰͣͣפرȥʱĿ񱼣Ҷפɵü쳣
һ۾ͿڳͷϣݵҶŭʱϲæ
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һħʱ޴ϰɣҶŭһĵĶҶӣôûУ
Ҷһ˵ûУҪˡôĶŰҹܲô
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Ҷ￴ҶŭеĸͷʱĽѣһкüʺԼ
ͷϣеǶҶҶС˶Ҷ֣Ҷ©һЦ
֮⣬һɫȹˮܽذŮһϲĶҶ֡
ҶǳһֱҶû뵽ҶȻķʽȻ׷ɱЩǱ
ǿҶУܹħм
ҶǳкҶòĵͷһ۳ǰҶǡ
Ҷǵ۾ӵһ̣ҶʱͬһտУʧһ㡣
ҶһݣÿµΪⲻǿռ֮ǻһ⾳
ҶǼҶôԼġ⾳лָϸֳһοЦݣ̾˿ҶŭСӣǺøôĺˣĽ
һȺеҶǳ˫۽ҶɵζһЦ
Ҷ֪˾Եɲ⣬ԼʶĸУֻкκܱȵϡ
ԶҶŭսҲӽβ治֣дħۼϣʱѪɽ
ٸغͷħŭȴʼκβҶŭ
ͷħѾ˺۱鲼Ƭ̺ҪҶһתضħ
飡
ҶŭһͷնħؿڣʱѪ쭣ͷ
ʱһӰֱնۼѾĲϣħͷ­ʱɳ
ҶñɣϲϲĴУһɼΪ걻գ
ҶڵԪ̵ͬһ㣬ʱ緢Ŀܡ
ҶסòҪߣĺôҶæŬѹԼڷԪòײǰ
үӣ쵰׷ҹˣɱͷ֮ްҶڨЦ
һħѣ˭ɱһôССӿҹĿ뿴ߣҴȥȥҶŭһЦ
ҶŭҶҶǰҶﲻҶŭܣֱӶҶǹҶ
ǺǺǣã벻ҶҲ˲šҶ˿ζҶ͡
ҶŭĻŭţҶʲôǿҶǧһţƽٿˣƽмᡣ
ҶǵĻʱһЩ˵ǿҶʼɣҶˣǼҶﲻŻˣһǰͷҶǳչջЦǼֱ֮
ߣʲô˲𣬲߶ѣʲôʺˣȻõ͡Ҷаŭ
ˣȻȥɣһͿʼʲôԺ˵ҶǶҶ
Ҷ˵ͷУҶСվһ𣬾ĽС
ʱ䣬ҶΪڵӾ˳һӣһɫĹâˡ
Źâ£ҶҵӣоһˬҶԸоЩɫĹâ̺һ˿ռ
Լ⾳±ߵĵӣǰʹǽ̤
һЩǣԺƿͻСܶ࣬ѹĻʼôࡣ
ˣȡǵƣǵԪϱߵ·ȼ䷢ʱ̣
Ļ䣬еǷ׷ȡƣһʱ


190 
Ҷ￴еֵͲһ㣬Ĺгж̣ɫе
ǳǳĺɫâһǳɫģиСһǻɫģҶСʮȫǻɫġ
ҶŭԼһȻȫǻɫĹʱϸһĨο
ʮɳĹǳŨ֤ɱĶħǳĸߡ
ɫĹֱֻҶǳλߣɫĹֻһӵУǾһҶʱмĿҶ
ԭҶż¼ɱħĹܣ߸ȼࡢȡơ̡ࡢ߸ɫ֣ɱĶħÿһȣͻһɫ
Ҷɫɫ˵ɱĶħࡣ
ԭһ˸ۣҶǳ벽ħ׷ɱʱ˶Ӫؼ
ͷһתһȦ·ɱ˲ٶħȻʱ򣬳ԼСıħ·ʱ䡣
Ҷǿһۣһ˿ʧȻҶеƣȴ
ҶЩֵҶôƣ㲻Ҫˣ
ʱ˲ŷ֣ȺֻҶûмƣɵö׷׿
Ҷб۾ЦòǸûûɣ
Ҷ￴еƣɵЩΪѣȻһᣬƱץߣҶС಻صҪ͸ǿôǻī㼤
˵ŻҶСһԪϱߵģҶЩʹر۾Ҫɳͷˣ
ϵķıһĿĹâֱƼ䣬ڳĵһһȫɵˣرѻȸ
ҶŭҲˣһʱ䶼֪˵Щʲô
ϡɫ
һӣѵ³˵ǰǵŨļʵʵɫֱӳͷ
Ҫ֪˵Ĺһ㶼ǼɣʮɣߵҲŶʮɶѡ
ǲôĹζʲôһȴ֪ɫâŰ벽Ķħɱ
ʹɱٶĻʼħҲֻܵɫɫ趨ɫһѣΪô꣬ûһճĵӾնɱ벽ħ
ҿҶöƣâѾŨʵʣɱİ벽϶ֹһֱš
ȫ֮УֻҶһ΢ЦĿҶȫˡ
쵰ףһˡҶȻЩشС
סڣǰ÷Ҷȵòѡ
Ҷܲǰ̼ûҶĻָҶһˣ쵰һӡ
ԭҶҶᣬȻʼ䱾ȻҶһҶǰһϡ
ž
Ҷʱķɣ⻹Ҷˣ֣ڱ̬ħԿ⣬ȫһܰĳࡣ
ҶأҶѾסĲӣһ˫۾·ӡ
ȫ˻ûӦѾݱҶﵨҲ̫˰ɣȻҵŹֱӳ֡
ҶôĵӣǰҲҷҶԼҶУʱͷŭ
ҶҶҶѾû˵ţҶﹿסȫƣͬһֻһš
ͷؿҶҵĵжֲûα֪ʣ
ҶػҶһĮصɱˣ
ͷһΪԼˣҶȴԲ΢΢һ
ꡱһ죬ҶĲӱϣ˫ĿнʧȥɣȻŵı顣
ҶһɣҶʬ建䣬ͨһԵڵأһžôˡ
ڳĵȫ䤱Ŀŵϵʬ壬֪γǾû뵽
ҶԼʬ嵹ڵϣ˫սȭͷ۾ضҶҶһ˿õظӡ
ҶȵЩ궼ʲô˲ţһΪߣǲСʧǣͬҳ꣬Ҷ𣿡
Ҷǵ˶ĺڳĻ߶ɫ䣬Щֵס
Ժٸɳݺ㣬ͼܱʹСһɱһϢ
˾ԺͽˣԺϣܿһŽҶ壡
˾ˣؿһۣģδܶ˶ѾˣһṼУ
ˣ￪ʼͳƷŽɣҶ˵껰һӴҶֱӴǰʧ
ҶоԼȻǰһ䣬һڣȻһ˿ռ䲨ûоȻɲ⡣
ڣֻţҶҶ£ԣҶǿ¶ЦݵôɫСһƫƫôɫţȻ㱻Լ˻𣡡
Ҷû˵š˵ҲҵĴһֱչͻƱϣûʱ壬̶꣬ȻѾ䵽ֵز
ҶЦ˵ЩС˵СİɣҪʲô
ҶݸһЦ治Ҷŭĺˣ˵ôֱӣðɣҾͿżɽ˵ɣҪΪЧħ壡
ܵõʲôôҶʵ
κԴ㳨ҲɣֻҪڶħԨʱ򣬻ӭսɡҶǿҶ
Ԩʲôʱ򱬷
Ԥ꣬ʱɵġҶǵĵ
źܾɶûУ쵱ڴҶֶκƯСͶˡҶЦ
ҶֹҶĳͻȻͷҶǧѩҶһžۣع˹С
ɱһӰ٣ԼټľģһеһУҶܵǿ
ˣ֪ʲôһʼ˿ҡҶЩɻʵ
Ǻǣɲ˵ܡҶЦ
ˣΪЧҵѱҲҪͬĴУǾԶšҶȽϵĻû˵Ϊνţҹ꺮ˣûȡ
û⣬ע⵽ˣȷʵǰѵһţӣһһͣͬ죬Ҷ壬ԻҶˬĴӦ
ĻǾûʲôˣٺ٣ˣϵıˣҶЩĵ
֤ͨԼȥѡһɡҶ˵ݸҶơ
ҶӹƣҶǵлת뿪ˣҶǿҶʧıӰ૵صɳɣҶҪһŵĳ֣

Ҷ뿪󣬾󣬽ƵݸĴš
һʱһ͵ɱҶҶһУһҪһֵı


191 ǹ
һʱһ͵ɱҶ˹﷢䣬ĴڣȻټ
Ҷ֪Լö֤ͨ߼ĹıȫƷ
ҶΪеǳѹ֣ЩնɱԨħϵɱѾʵʡ
ҶһϲĿЩһʱ۾Щˣڱ˰죬΢Щʧǣûǹ
ǹеţȥѡһѳųߵ˫ִ󽣣ﵽ˼£оУ뿪
ȻһоʲôںԼҶ۾Ӧ
ȻӦģȴʵڣҶƾŸоǸ򻺻ȥʮɺҶǰһǽ
Ҷ΢һ£һǽϸӦһ£Ȼһһơ
¸£
һ춯ԭﾹȻһţֻǰʮܣ۾
ҰʮֳأҶ̬ҲҪѲŰƿ
ƿʮɵľ޴ʯźҶһյĿռ䣬սҶͷһǿѹ·米һɽһ㡣
ҶﲻòԪֿпտһ¿ռڲֻܿտİƯڰУǿѹɢġ
Ƿ·ڳ˯Уй¶ϢѾ˺ѡ
İһѳһѳһ󸫡һһͨƵĳǹǹɵĺġ
ǹųߣͨƽͣǹϸϸϸ··һƬܼƬ
ǹͷϺ˸֮·Ҫ񷶼Ҫͱһ㡣
Ҷ￴ǰѳǹʱ򣬸оѪҺټӿ죬˫֮ȫǿȣһ۾ϲͰӵĳǹ
ҶﲻԥǰѻƽǹץȥڸҪץʱ򣬺Ȼ춸һâǹһҶ֡
ҪǷʸԦ㣿ǵԸ񣬸߰ɣһЦ£
ҶһЦʵ󳤴ʮɵ֣һɰƳ𣬶ųǹһץ䡣
䣡
һɸһҶЦһֱ
ɡҶһڳǹץУҶʱоӻƽǹϴϲ֮顣
·į꣬ҵһ㣬ǹ⸡·һ㡣
ҶﾪǣѳǹޱȣмʮأҲֻҶߣöò
ҶĿǰҲֻǿܹʹöѣҪ֪ҶƾܹħⰡ
ҶŻƽǹĿֲмֱҪЦˣ޲ȥһͷħսһ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣƽǹһɲǣһҶȡ
˶׷ȥһЩչصĸҲˣ׷״ӱչоѣۿ
ˡҶԶ૵ص
Ҷ˷ܼ䣬ռһҶǳҶǰЩӵĿû뵽ˣȻϿɣ

ǵһ棬ùУ֪жͼͨʧˡҶЩ̾ĿҶеĳǹ
ٺ٣еˣòջȥɡҶ̽Ҫ汻ջȥҪˡ
ҶһЦİɣѡ㣬û˸ҷԣͷĵŰɣ
ٺǾͺáҶʱظǹȫ˷ܡ
ҶǼҶһ־ǹɵֲ̾ѡ㣬벻ǿҶǧУûһܹöشǹ
ǹҶЩɻ
Ҷǽ͵ǹΪǹǵһֱ̫ܲЩϹʱڵλһʮ
͵ʮˣüһֲôأôصԺ϶ռˡ
˵ҶЩصݼżأش֮ǰϹʱڣһ߶ʮ֮񡭡
Ҷһʮ֮ôǿһһĻߡ
˵ԼǰֻеȣЩ˵ҲͷȻ
ҶǺȻЦãҶǸţԱȼϹʱڵˣúŬҶԺҪأ
ҶֹҶＸ䣬κѶֱҶȻл
صкҶŭΪЩμӳĺǣ׼ʢᣬȫ֮˲۴Сףȫμˡ
Щһǣõ˲ٽһ˷ܲѣ׷óҫ
ҶСͽҶڶħԨһһ˵һ飬һ󾪺
ҶҵСһҶݵĲˣһֻıۣźҪҶУ˴Ц
ֵй죬Ҷҹ꺮ѩϷɵ˽˹ǰҶԼҪȥһ˽Щ⡣
˹֧֣ҹ꺮ȻգͬܵӢֻҪܹնɱħͿƾ֣ڼ⻻ȡԴ
һֱڳܿɽҲгѯѡǸҶһȥ
Ҷܿɽ͵κǱȥģϾһ壬ܿɽĳɳһֱûлᡣ
ܿɽϷɵ£ѡΪϷԼһ
ΪԺܹ׬ȡ֣Ϸ׼ܿɽԼ𹥻ô˾γһƶ̨⵹һõϡ
Ƕ˰ţҶҲͷˣĸǱʱһЩҶﶼЦŴӦˡ
ڶҶ诺ͷĿУҶ̤˴󣬳Ҷڡ
ҶѾˣԭҶˣѾٻؼʣ˾źоǵǰ;϶һƬҰ
ҶΪ˾˵ĳ֣ѾǼɹѾιŭˡ
ЩҶûϵҪҳȻȻǾˣҶﲻͷȡ
ҶȥҳȻ֮ǰҪһ°ˣǾȥڤԺԼɳϴˡ
ҲǾ뷨ҶĸǿдѹøӵļʵˣѾﵽϾĳ̶ȣܹپһϴҲԴﵽĳ̶ȡ
ôҶԺУҲù˼ɣһɳˣڤԺݣ˼죬ʱ仹ġ
һݱԲǧľڤԺǰһ۵꣬һĳ;棬
¥ߴԺǽſھȻ˵ĳҶһ
߽һǰһӣԱһӣϱߴдš
ȻԼɵ˵ѧԺʱ龰ǶӸо˺ңԶļ䡣
ҶȥȻӰסҶȥ·ôôأŶȥ
Ҷ￴ǰ˵²ģμɳϴģ
ʲô˶ʱһ۾ҪҶһ㡣


192 
ҶĻʱһЩŵĿҶ
ҶﲻòظһԼղ˵Ļ²ģμɳϴģ
˶һۣʵƾ֤
ҶӽԼȡݸ˵뿴
һùҶƣһµԵһ£øִ´ȥһ£
˵꣬תԺҶȵЩͷʱһĸߴ˳Ҷǰ
˿һҶΪصɣ
ҶͷһȻֻǵĿԼһۣܹظоصɱ
ҶЩƣȻ˵ĵطнϴҲôǳ˻۷ΪҶǻһĨЦԺ
Ժ˽ҶһңҶﵭĿһۣиˣûбֳ
ҺתĿҶ˵ɣ
Ҷһ㶣ЦҲ̫˼ô˵ô˵
ЩĿҶȻûӣⶼףøϻƶҺҪҸѡһңһؽսƹҡɱ㣬Ȼʬ𼣣Ȼҡ
ҶЦˣû뵽ڤѧԺȻѧԺڰսҪŪ
һСС߾вԼҶȷʵеЦԷǣЦҪѡ񣬰ŵȻҵû㿴Բ
ߣС䣬һֱֻҶĺץ磬һʼǿôľڣҲѷӦ
ҶɲͨߣһץסλߵҲˤһһҡ
飡
һ죬һӣλ߶ʱӦַɳǽײ飬ɳԶ
ߵĶһӾˣʱмʮ˳ߣǶͳһƷҲҶ࣬ϵΪȻȫǿˡ
һĿߣֿҵǽ߳Ҷһʱ䲻ԡ
ɻ䣬һŭȴ˸Ժڶ䣡
߳䲻֮£Ҷͷǣ涫ŭȣʱѹ
Ȼһɫ۵߳ǰûҶ˵߸æܵߵ˼䡣
ɫһ䣬һ˿̰Ҷȵ󵨿ͽȻðԺӣԺƣ뿪
˵꾹ȻҶشĻᣬֱӴһ죬һɿռ֮ҶһȭҶͷ
ҶһԾҪɱڰ˲両ɫ
˵һȭ·δٽҶܿһȭͬһȭӳ
߿ǰ벽ǿߣҶȻ˿ԼĿռӰ죬ܿԼһʱͷ󾪡
ǻûӦʱͻȻؿһʹЩŵĿҶֻҶһֱֱֻۣӹᴩԼ塣
һԴ߶ʱ쵹أؿһѪ˻ܿѵ
һĻ˲ʧУǰʼǿ߸ɫҰס
ҶȡһϵѪ⣬һһ
ҶЦصôҲѡһƻңڶأ㣬Լûƣ
߶ʱ亹Ӷͷϻ䣬Щؽȡ׸Ҷ
Ҷֽץסָ֮УЦ´δ֮ǰúȻѶˣ黹Ǻܲã
ž
һݺݳߵϣʱһᡣ
ž
һ⣬˻
žžžžž
һͬ籩Ĵ죬öԶѧԱǣоһʹ
ס֣
һȣضһҶûģ˦һ⽫ɣŻعͷ
ֻһλȥֻʮӣڰһŭĿ
ǺˣȻԺˣҪǲ˵Զ뿪Ժˡص
ʱߵĶѾ˼𶯣ѧԱԶߣͬʱһЩʼǿҲ½ϵ
Ժ˲ִ¶Ǽ⣬ɱԽѧԺҲòȥҶﲻмĵ
ԶѧԱǶʱŭǿǰѾڤԺԼĿеʥأ֮Աǣʱߡ
쵰С˭ôţ
ֱԺƣǲ
͸ˇNɪҪѧ֪
ǸҲһŭҶﻰ˼ɵߵʲôɱԽ˵ף
ðȻ֪࣬ôһ𿴰ɡҶﵭĵ˵껰һȭͷʯ֣Ԫ룬һӰڰա
ʯӰ˵˾ĺʯԶʱڼ¼ߵһЩӰ񣬵Ҷú棬Լ˼
Ҷ߽ҵʱʹ¹Ƶ˺ߵ飬ĿӰ֤ݾɱˣ˭Ҳָ
Ӱ󣬰иֳһ棬ǸѾ׵ûĻ߿ʱ˹ȥ
˶еĻһЦĶҶ˵ȻûӣⶼףøϻƶҺҪҸѡһңһؽսƹҡɱ㣬Ȼʬ𼣣Ȼҡ
ţ߱ᣬ֣߳ߵĵ󣬾ȻֱҪɱڣ˶ʱľ
ȺѧԱǸղŵĳˣЩŻһС
һ߶ѣΪ࣬ȻܹĻʼǿûл֮һһ벽ɱⳬǵֱǹﰡ
Ǹ˿Ҳɫһۻڵϵߣ޲ðһ
ѧԺִ´ѧԱҪǴȥڤԺԻΪȫµЦͷԵ̫ˡ
ʱΪҶôԹˣ˭ϣ˭Ҳܲˡ
εؿһµλСֵܣΪǸԺҲһ˵Ͳ㿴¾ô˿Բ
Ҷ̯̯֣˶ɱҲˣʲôģҶҲϣƣǷԽɳϴ񣡡
ȻԣͰ˴ȥ˵꣬ӹҶϸһ飬ȷ˴Ҷǰȥɳء
ҶߺָŵϻԵߣѾΪʬ벽ʵϣδ
ؿһ۵ִ¸ִ¹ᣬıѧԱϧǴһ½ִã
˰ԱԶֵѧԱɢʼϴֳŹ˰ʱһ߶ӵϣѾźˣǸѧԱѾɳˣ
ӵص˵ͷͻȻɫ䣬һĴȾеѽ군ˣҰ¸ˣˣ
ӶͷϵĺˮˣһУұö㼸죬ϣСܻ
תͷߵߴͻȻҪչذ£κ鶼Ҫңʲôֱұˣ


193 ɳ
ɳزǺֻܴһңˮϱƣɢſϢɾ
ҶŴƣڳ֮У˶ҪƮƮ
ΧĿ֮Լľ磬Ҷ﷢ԭѾޱʵʵȻŸһ¥ơ
ɳعȻ棬вǣҪһں֪ԼһϴԧԡǾˡ
ٺһΰ룬ȥŬʵ֣Ҷ֮ʣһˮĲҶע⡣
ֻԶһʵӰԼҶһ㶣ôһˣ
ɻǸӰԽԽֱҶһɵľʱҶſˡ
һٻݴŵ¶飬ˮ棬ü£ˮںڵĳڼϣǰͱͦӨ󣬵ˮƤ䣬Ͼ
ʤѩȻֻһ¶ˮ棬ȴҲ㹻Ѫˡ
Ҷﾪˣɴ۾ţеңԼYYͳһˣѵԼˣ

ǸŮӺȻˮи۾ԼʱһУһӣһҵҶȥ
Ҷأû뵽ŮӺȻԼ֣˲ŷӦԼΡ
ӦһģУֱӳˮףɳضʱͬһ㣬κˡ
ҶˮʱǸŮӵӰѾʧֻһŭȻŭȴöСˣҵ
ҶеͷԣôϡͿָ˼ҽˣڤԺ治ʺԼ
Ҷûᣬųˮı仯ֱб仯Ժ֪Ѿ˼ޣҶŴ·
Լ壬Ѿ覵ĵزмѣﵽУӦеı׼
ҶӳˮȻоĿ̣һֻһλòŮŭĿԼ
λŮ޳磬ȻһӻƳۣβ˵ġ
ü棬ͦɣһ˼ɫò֮Ȼ粻¡
һĵɫȻûûһҪɱ˵ĳ͸ˡ
ҶЩɻĿΪôң
쵰㻹װɵɳ㶼ʲôòŮӶʱŭ
ԭ㡭ǡҶЩֵĵ
˵أϳˣòŮЦ
ҶЩεЦһ·һû
˵仰Ҷ޲óԼͣ˵ǻϽ
ȻŮҶôһ˵ʱߣгҶֱն䡣
ǰѳնµһ˲䣬ʱû죬ǰƬռ俪ʼŤ
Ҷæȥһɿֲĸ¶ʱײҶȭͷҶﱻ̵۴С
æˣ˦֣Ҷ￴Լȭͷϣ̺һƬëչˣһëζ
òŮû뵽ҶȻҳֿȭԼһҶﱻ̵ǱУЦ
ȻǿţĿ֮ѾȫЦ⣬óָҶ
Ҷ︧ű̵۵ȭͷŭвҽɳϴǾģԼܹҿƨ£
ŮԶʱɫһ䣬ҽƱ磬ѾԤ˽ϴô˷˵˭ģ
Ҷ˼һµǸ˴ʮ꣬ͨһɫۣ
Ϲôͼô˵ֻ۾һӣһءȻҶĻ
ҶаǸˣôҲһԼİŪڶ֪˭
˵ģҷĲȥġҶĵȰ
ߺߣ˵ôòŮЦ
ô죿Ҷɫһ䣬òŮĲԣɴӲ
ʵʵҴһ٣ҳҾͷŹ㡱òŮӵ
ҶһЦʿɱ裬һֱ㣬Ϊ㣬˵۸㰡ƾһСС
Ҷ첲ӣһҪ˵ļƣȻһǳпʵ㡭ǡ벽
òŮӿҶһŵı飬ЦҾһССİ벽۸ѽ
ҶЦһЦ㿴㶼ǰ벽ˣαظһССһʶأ˶˵˲С˹ְ֣ײˣ۾ô˰ɣ
롱òŮһ
ðɣȻˣͲҪִݻˡҶһ䣬ƻȻһȵĿԺˣ
òŮӶʱһ㶣תһӰûУȻתͷҶѾ⣬ɵôŭ޳ܣ
һԻҶ׷ȥҶȿ񱼣òŮں߽׷ᡣ
ҶŭҪ׷ңҾͰһϴ˵ȥ
֪òŮӸҶвЦ˵ѽҪ˵ȥҶö֣˻
ҶһͷۣŮ˾ȻӲԣԼ˼ҵ壬ȷʵЩָ˼Ҵ
û뵽òŮӵٶȼ죬Ƭ̺׷Ҷһҿ
Ҷһһӭսϵкüճ˴СһĿֱǱ
Ҷ￴˿ԶаٶͳڤԺķΧˣҶˣֻҪԺǽҲĵĵطˡ
òŮӿһҶı飬ʱǻһĨЦݣӣλѧѧǣŪҵΧǽס
Ҷһ㶣û뵽ŮӣȻȣʲôã뿿ëӵס
ղ뷨ҶͷԼЩˣòŮӵ¡
ӰӵֱҶӶݵǰһǽסҶȥ·
쵰СӣŪΧǽܣ
ŪԺŮĶܣ
Ҵ㣬Դ죡
ҶԴ˵һҪըˣԭòŮĿеŮ񰡡
ѹôĿ֮ǰ˵ֻҪ˵Ǿ仰֣˰
Ҷ￴ɵǽһͬĹţһ㣬붼һӺ¡
Ҷ˿̵״ǣǰţлɴܣͣ½ŲתЩεؿòŮӡ
òŮӼҶܣЩص㵹ѽ㲻Ǻ𣿡
Ҷ̫ѨðɣͶˣҲ־ǣ
ߣΪʲô֣ˡòŮߵ
û취ôƯŮ֡Ҷһʹĵ
òŮû뵽Ҷ˵ȻֱӣϲЩ̣һ˵ֺõĻҲУ
ҵǿԸĻᡱòŮ΢΢һЦ
ʲô᣿Ҷʱ˾
Ҹ㶯ȷʵе۸ˣɣ˳ԣֻҪӮˣǵ¾һʹΡòŮӵ
԰ֻҪôƯŮӣ˭ùҶЦ
˵˵òŮ΢΢ЩȻߵ
ȻˣҴȥ䳡
ΪʲôҪȥˣӵĵطҶЩ˵ĵ
㵽ȥȥòŮ۾һɣгһ
ҶæڰֵȥȥŮ㻹ǰѱɣԵƯһЩ
òŮӡ


194 ŷ
ڤѧԺڲһԲʮ㳡룬һı̨
һ̨ϣ˷ģ˵Ϊ˽̨˼ʮʦս£ɣķ
̨ļ̶̳ȣȫԳս̨Կƺ
̨ΧѧԱһڴĿ̨ϷӦ˵̨ǸӰ
˵Ǹ˾ȻŪŷѧΧǽ
ѧ̫ܰˣŪΧǽ޵˵һôô򵥣
Ŷѧָ㣡
ΪʲôŪΧǽ϶ǽͷ£Ϊʲôǽͷ϶Ϊ͵Ů£ΪʲôôСģ϶鼤£
Ǹѧܶʱѧķ۷ѧǸ߼˿˿ֻۣӦǸӿ󣡡
̨Ҷ޾ɵվǳĳϣֱΡ
ϯĳεĵطϴһĶס˴һûֳ
СֵܣԲˣǸŷԺӣ˭ǲ𰡣ֻί㱳ڹˡСֹ
ιʲô֡λòŮӣѯ
ҶҶػش
ҽŷǡòŮҽܵ
Ҷͷȷʵ֮ˣָܰ䣡
ŷԸò˫ԶѾĶˡ
Ҷ˵Դоʣƽ·ڵһԼɵ
ⷴϲǳЩһ۷Ź⣬ˡ
ŷǾȻ״¶һĨ΢Ц±ߵ˶ЩĿѣ
ߺߣ㻹˵ķϣҴҼʵ΢ĽѵһˡŷǺܴ󷽵ĵ
ҶƲƲ죬ֻҪеģ˭
ǺǣãҾͿûǸͣʱޱŶŷΪҶﻹҪӡ
Ҷɴ಻ŷԽ϶Ҷ飬ɵӿˡ
ﲻһȻսŷ˵껰ϯƮݵӰ续֮ˣȫһ󻶺
Ҷһ飬ŷǸʵżɣڤԺԺԼ湻ùġ
ɵǸˣԽĻɣǲһڹԼ
˼䣬һҶﾪѣһӷ̨±ߵĻΪ
ǸӿҲʮ˾꣬һΪȴѾﵽʾĵزȷʵǸѵõš
ҶǸԴ⣬ĵ
˾ź˲Ҷûص֪ʣв
쵰𣿾ȻԺŮҲԼĵУƾҲ䣿
Ҹ㣬ҽ˵ĵһҶʶǸոձԺԷɣҾ֪֪ʲôп־塱Ҷһŵı飬һĴЦ
ҶȷʵЩˣţ˾ȻҲܳΪһѵͨ˿٣
Ҷɻʵôɵƣ֪𣿡
Դŭ쵰㼤ŭˣһĴн㳹׻ܣŷСҹĿ࿴
˵껰һȫ˫ֻӡһ޴ͻӰڰա
ȫ˶ʱһǸܵͻһ㣬ڰзһŭ
Сȥɣҵİ׻
ž
һƺݺݵϣԼսֶûͬһ㣬Źϯȥ
ݣ
ӴֱӴӹϯǰײϯβһ·ϼɹѧԺǷ׷׶ܡ
飡
ײڹ㳡ıԵֹͣ˷Уվӡӣ˴Ŀġ
վŭ쵰ף˼һû׼þͳֵģǰкӣûòļһ
˵ίᶼˣԭΪŮǰչʾһԼĻУܸŮӡ󣬿ϧô̥ˣޱȱ
ڳ˶һŹ֣ЩЦãתҲ̫Ϸˣ˭Ҳûϵ
ŷǶʱЦݣϾΪͷЦ̫Բ˼ˣʶ̵ļΪࡣ
òײסһ˧ӳŷǰСӺܲ򵥣ȥѵɣ
κѧðɣֻΪŷЩΪѵĵʵѵҶֻΪһӣʵﲢҶ
֪κѧΪﵽ˰벽Ϊᣬûûصģ˲С
ѧ÷İɣзִ硱˵ŻŷǻشѾɳֱ䵽̨ϡ
㡭ŷǸֹѾˣвɵΪҶﵣַŲӣȥֹԡ
һϳ̨¶ʱһƬȻûϵȻϳ
ɣκϳ
е۸˰ɣǰ벽
ûϷˣˣˣ
κĿҶ˳ûûصģҪСˣ
Ҷﻹû˵һа꣬Ҫո˰ɣ
ҶûĻӦ㵹ǲʳŰ벽ѣҲ㿴ˣ
εصⲻСҲⰡ
κҶûԼһ˿ɱ⣬Ҷһȭ
һȭ֮ǰѾʹÿռ֮Ҷ̶סҶû취ܣȻһȭҪҶС
Ҷüͷһ壬ԺеľʵҸ㲻а񵽵ǴģΪʲôǸռ棬Ҫأ
ĵʵ˾ͻԽԽ̰ԽԽа񣡡
ǵʲôأҶʵ

ҶһԺһ֣ʵѵ˵ЩϰĹ⣡
ǵģǾһЩҲܸ㣬ҪȻһͷ۵ģѰҴ𰸣
ҶԺиĽֻһգ۶Ĺ򣬲ôɱԼˣǾûҪ顣
һȭҶﲻܣҶһȭӳŷǼ龰ʱĺڣԼһʱԻҶ
꣡
һǶϽ۵ȫܶŮѧԱǣ۾
飡
һӰ̨¡
ȫܶ˶ŴͣȫǾ֮ɫΪǷַɳˣȻǰ벽κ塣
ŷҲǳһԭҶսôǿֱ޷š
κ建ӵһֱѾʧֻ¼粿ϵһЩǲ硣
ѪȾ壬ȫǾڳУֻҶжǿ
ֱ˾Ǹ˵ĳԶ޲еĽ
һ̨ϵҶκ͸¶һɲʣ̺޾Թ
Ҷվ̨ظӡɱߣ˺ɱ֮Ȼɱ֮ģӦ뵽ֻһֱۣ׬ˣ
ûκػһ䳡СС;˺ݶѵҴˣûʲôдԿ𣿡
ռһ󲨶һӰϢس̨ϣһ˫۾Ҷ


195 ս
ռһ󲨶һӰϢس̨ϣһ˫۾Ҷ
̨ȫѻȸŷǶɫһ䣬ֱӷɵ̨ϣ˵κɽʲô
κ壿κɽҶϸһ£˻еѵֵܣ
ǸŷǳƺΪκɽӵֻǿһʵĺ裡
ŷһѧԺѾҵˣֲģ
ǺǣǲֲģҵĵܵܣҵȻҪָ˵κɽЦ
ŷ˵κɽתͷҶô벻ұһ
Ҷﻹû˵ŷκɽҪסԺݲոսҲûʸ
ŷⷬһ˵Ҷ˵ݣҶͷһŮ˻㻵
κɽνЦ֪Ժ˵ǲңҲǿ
ҶûᰡǴ⣬һҪ¡Щ˷ܵĵ
߰ɣҴܾˡŷؿκ
ҡ
죬ڲ˵ŷǴҶĻŭ
ҶһĿЩԣղŻɱģôһͱˡ
κ忴Ҷһ۵ѵһӶһŮ˵𣿡
ҶҪ˵ŷǵǰκ壬ҪĻҿͻܷӭһΣ
Ҷ̨µѧԺǣЩɵˣĿеŮôͻȻСˡ
ô°ôװ
ңҲһӽ
һԿСӺǿܹ벽κܣϧղ̫ˣûô£
ܱŮţҸҪôŮţҲԸⰡ
Ҷ̲סˣһѽŷһߣκǰɣã棬ô棬ս𣿡
ŷǵһαһԼֱۣ˻ǳȻ޷һʱЩסˡ
ãǾսκҶﱻԼļŭȻսʱϽӦ
˵սսսҪǰģû׼þСŷŻعŭ
Ȼһ͵
ԭȫʱŷЩŵ૵үү
ڽĴϣҲһ㶣Щ조ôԺˣ
κʱϲʢлԺˣ
κû뵽ԺȻעߣ֧ԼؿҶСӣˣ
ŷЩӵĿҶҪСˣ̨̨ͱʾˣ
İɣҲġκɽЦ
ŷûκ壬Ҷһۣת뿪̨
Ҷ̫ˣô˰Ϊ˷ܵĵ
Ҷ￴һ˷ܵκɽЩɻʵ𣿡
κܴ󷽵صʰɣҲش𼸸ǰ⣡
мֵܣҶ
ôκȻû뵽ҶȻ⣬ɵһ㶡
ûʲôоΪϵеӣҪһһСҶЩϧҡͷ
ҶĻκɽɫһ䣬ϵɱŨ㣬ģȻôͽɣ
Ȼʧȫʱһǿռ֮Ҷǻһ˿ЦҲһȭջ
̨µ˶ʱЩ㶣һ˰ɣôҴ򣬿ǽ飬Ǿ˵
Ҷ﹥ǱգһӰոո֣Ҷһȭպϡ
飡
һ죬κɽʮɣ̧ͷʱвһˣԭԭκ壬һ۶ࡣ
ǿߣǿ߱һ۶࣬ȷ˷ЦŷǶЦˡ
ϣ˼һȭͷôͰ۾ȥءҶЦ
쵰ɡ˵κ壬ʱʧ̨ϣҶȭͷڿ˼Ȧ
飡
һӰո̽ͷȭͷУδҶˣҶȭͷûĿҴƫƫκʱñС
κʹһֱҷɺüɣٿκ壬ȫʱЦŷһֻͣһֻŶӣȻûЦöۡ
ʱܣһȦʮֶԳƣèһ㡣
κɽڲˣһŵص쵰ô֪ҵλõģ
׳գƾôǳĿռƿ֮ҲڶԵУЦˡҶﲻмЦ
ռ֮ǰ벽ϵǿߣǿƿصռ⴩
ľ룬Ҫ˶Կռ֮ƿأκɽղֿռܹ֮ǿпռ䴩
ڶԵУ̫ˣֻκΪ׬ȡǰ԰һ¶ѡ
װûװףװɵˣèۣͽ˳Ц
ԭҶʧ˲䣬ͰԼɢӦΧĿռ״
κյĿռ֮Ϊǳƿռ֮ǰкܴĲҶ֪֣˭
κԼĿռ֮κβҶɴˣȫƱߵȻˣҾó汾½Ǳ΢ɣ
ƾҲ䡱Ҷﲻмĵ
ȥɡκŭһһںڵĳìУҶ̳
Ҷһȫ˱˰ɫһɿֲˣϯ̨
ŷǿҶıӰ૵ѵ˵ĶģҴ򣬲ң²֣
ڰеĴϣ˫΢΢ţ۾ĿųϵӰǿսѹܹһնɱ벽ֻǲ֪ܳŶã
Ҷٻս壬һȭӭκĳì
飡
̨һΣ˷׷׺˼ɣȻƽɫ
ۣǸСӺǿ˭ôû˵
˭˵أоͻȻӵص³ģ
κߵ벻㻹ӣֵܵҼì
ëҪܰγëˡҶߵ
֪ѿ֮ҿֶܼá˵껰Ҷ񹥶
ҶκĹ˿ãӲƴôؿ𣬲ɲšɱ㣬ӦûʲôΪ⣡
쵰
׳գ
Ӱ̨չ̶ıһЩΪϵ͵ѧԱ׷ס䡣
˭Ҳ뿪һսһһʱδؼһأ˭Ҳ÷
ŷһӵĿųǸӰҶĻģԭһֱԸԼԿҲ϶֡
Լı̵ҽǱľ󣬾ͲкЦû뵽һﻹе塣
ŷ˼䣬Ҷκ˴󿪴ϣǿٶС
Ҷ﷢ȻȲ϶ħǹϣҪ֮ǿ࣬Լһʱᶼò¡
ȻʱòκҲκβҶĳìҶķ
Ҷݺһȭκ𿪣ЦϷ˽׼
˵껰Ҷһ죬һͨƵĳǹҶС


196 ӵľ
̨ѧԱǣҶ˵꣬һ죬һƽ͵ĳǹϡ
ƽǹһ֣һɱĺ˲串أ·һͷޣɢ޾ɱ
ҶﳤǹһָκɽЦϷ˽׼ɣ
κɽƽǹһ̣ʱͷһѳǹԲͬʱиǻһƬ
κɽЦӵô߼Ϊܷӳ˿սѳǹһչģ
øϻ׼ˣҾˡ˵ҶеǹһҶԪע룬ǹͬһ㡣
ԶڰĴ϶ʱ󾪣ܵһļµҲ˲ñ¶Լˣæеٿ̨󣡡
Ŵϵһ£̨ϣķֻһɫ͸ֽ̨
ͬʱԭʯʵص̨Ȼɫ̨ͬƽһ㡣
ۣɣѧԺô꣬һμƿ
˵ǿ߶޷ƻ̨ΪʲôҪ󰡣
Ҷлƽǹκ壬ͷ䣬κɽЦɫìɫĿҶĻƽǹӭȥ
飡
κɽʱһɴɣڱѪֱȥֱײڷϣȴֱ˻ڵϷ˼£һѪ
ԶĴͫһˣҶûκμܣֻͨһõȫֻ
Ǿͨͨһ£ͽողκ壬һҷɣˡ
ŷҲסӣĿȫţҶ̫⡣
ԭҶΪܹκɽϼôʱ䲻ܣѾĴˡ
Ҷȡǹһκɽɣԭһһֱûжȫսصʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ˵ԾʵκɽҲܳˣҶղõȫ
ʱףҶϵĳǹˣûлָ
ҶĵڶǹֽˣͬʱҶܽڶУһ
䣬еĳǹһĻƽߣκ¡
ǹδЯƣѾ̨ϵ͸֣ʼͣز
κɽǾͬһɽԼܵǱǿ㲻
κһ˿ɫһ󳱺죬˲˼ʮ꣬ԭɫͷʱûס
찡󷨣
ȫһƬһΪۣȡǿսط
κɽ״̬һȼԼʮʵ̫ˡ
κɽ˥ϣϵϢÿһ˫־ںڵĳìӲסҶĻƽǹ
䣡
һ죬滹ѵһɱըԵϯ̨
pong
̨ϵĹ֣ܲס޴ѣ񱩵ŭһ㣬˷ȥ
ѽã
ΧսѧԱǶʱ׷񱼣ϧǲܼͱϮϡ
һɲɿܵĴӿͬϣ׷ױ졣
һЩ̨ѧԱ￪⣬ֵĵѾ˺ֻܶ࣬һЩˡ
ԭ߹ϢĹս̨Ҳˣ̨ܳһƬͺͺĿյء
ֻһЩǿˣƯڰգ±ߵĶ
ЩɵѧԱǷٵĸϻ̨ϵĳɢſϱߵΣȫͷˮʪ˼
ֻҶĻƽǹκɽߣκ粿µİʧˣеĳìֻʣ˰ء
̨˴ߣһ紵κɽԱһᣬʬ塰ͨһڵϡ
ȫþûаֻԼЩΪŷǳͷˣ붼һ¡
ǸһϳҶһȷɵ˿˫ЩоԼܻǶôֵҵһ¡
ҶȻĽκɽɱĿŷôҲ벻Լ仨ˮǱˣȻôµĴڡ
Ͽ̨ߣҪ۵ѪǿǻѪŽɵİԺҪָҲҪѺöϧϼ˹
ȻҶڵԪʼܿƵıңȻҪʼͻˣľҶֹǧͻƣ
ҶľɵøæʵΪʲô
ͻˣ޷׽ϴ󰵽Զ벻˵׶ΡЩĵ
㻹ɱˡҶ˶ʱŭ
ȿȣһ˷ܾˣǧҪͻƣڵġЩεĵ
ҶЩҪĳ嶯֮ǰԼΪѾƲסҪͻˣʱһֱڷѹ֣ͻơ
˵Ѿһٽ㣬ɱһ˴ôѹס
ҶҪѾһٵĳ嶯һԽԽˣȥһ챻
ѾǿЩʱˣæƴȫѹԪı
ҶĵͬעԪײʱᱬը
סҶеģͣġһ߸
ұ족Ҷﶼˣ
һ΢֣ۿҪˣҶæͣ޸ݡ
һ޲ˣֱڣƴ޸ҧ۵ͷ󺹡
˺ȻҶϢͻȻҪͻƵǰףֻϢ̫£Щľ
ôˣ
оҪͻˣǳ⣡
߻ħ˰ɣ
ҶϢԪұߣպ÷߻ħı׼
ʱһӰٴ̨û˷ӦһҶͷ­ն䡣

˶һ׼Ҷ߻ħ֮ʣҪҶɱ
κ壬ҡŷǶʱһŭҪԮΪʱ
κĳҪ䵽ҶĲʱҶһŭ𡰾ƾҲɱң
ֻԭһֱҶŭȻһȭκ壬ǿֱӽκһ̯ࡣ
ҶһⳡһƬȻû뵽߻ħҶȻһɱһ벽ǿߡ
Ǿһ̾Ҷô֮ˣĴүǣ
Ҷһ㶵ʲô˼
һϲӭѶϣϲսߵѶȣһĲҪټһ벽źáޱĵ
ҶʱоһǿӿԼĵҶݺݵһԴô¸ˣԼûɱ¾ģʽء
ǿӿ룬ҶﵤڵԪ·Ҫ緢Ļɽһ㣬ӿƲסˡ
Ҷ𼱣㡱һŷǳҶǰһִֻҶļϣҪԪҶ˳ڿ񱩵Ϣ
Ҷ󾪣ĵɲһ˿Ԫˣһ㶼С
ҶæƿҪƵʱûעⲿλһֱֻӸһԾ˵Բϡ
ŷǸоǰһȣһָֻԼأ紥һ㣬һ쵽˲Ӹ
쵰Ҫɱ㣡


197 Զս
Ҷﶯһ󲿷ѧԱǶˣǲɴ۾·޷ʵ
ĿгݵŮ񣬾ȻǰСӸϮˣһǵŴ֮ͥ¡
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ܹɽ棬Ϊ˷ӡİȫֻΪܽ룬磬޷롣
Ҳ֪ΪʲôȻҪʮǿߣսͻᱻķɱ
˵ԶսΪô̽Ҳֻ̽˱ɽһǡ
ɽһǣȴ޻ܶ׹УҩһʥһǲƬ
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ҶüԺĻЦԺˣôⲻ컯ôоҲ̫Σ˰ɣ
üԺҶĻǺһЦĿҶΣеģϣΣŻ˵ǰɣ
Ҷͷ˵ĵҲǣʲôʱʼ
һ֮󣬲ҪȾˣǰһǿ߲ʸ룡
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ǺǣԶսݹͬ룬Ҳһ룬Ʋμӿ˵ǧ򡱰üԺЦ
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ҶһµãҲμӣһڿ֮ǰԺģ
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198 ɽ
ҪʵԺڻкܶԴԹģ
ŷǺҶﲢھڤԺһС·ϣŷḧŪһ´ǰ㷢
Ǽŷǵ㣬оԼˣҶ̧ۿһ·ߵ̲ݣЩεصǸвˣﶼᰲ
ؽϵһСʯ߷ɣһ·Զý˵ɣսԺٵģ
ϴɣϴԧԡʲôûռ˵㱻ճɿҶҡͷ
ᵽɳڷ飬ŷǶʱ̣Ŀֵ˭۾һգգĶ˼ҿã
Ϲӣ˭ŹҶЦ۾Ļһŷǵǰһ˼
ҶһŷǶʱӦϸһƬ糺죬һֻȭҶв㻹˵ŲҴ㣡
ҶæװһʵӣĵŮ
ߣʶ࣬ҪμԶս᣿ŷǼҶϴת
Զս˵нɴڣ棬ƱԶսҶﲻɵ۷Ź⣬·𿴵һ㡣
ˣô׵õģȷʵܺãʱǿһȥ̽գ
˵ŷ˷ܣĿգʢĻ䣬Ҷﲻһ
ŷǼҶĿԼ΢΢һ죬ȴЩ⡣
ҶӴҶûôۿǿҵĲһԼòǳԸҶڱԼò㵹˺ܶࡣ
ڵӣ׷Ŵҵʱÿ̫ˣʱֱһҶԵ
ŷǶʱЦʧŭǲǷˣ
Ҫѽſˣ㲻ˡҶЦŵ֪ѾԺſڡ
⣬ɻ޾ĳŶӵǼǣҶŷǵĳ֣˶ʱһƬ
ȻΪҶȫŷȥģȻһӱ֮ˣ𾪵ˡ
ȵȡҶתҪߣŷǺȻסҶ
ô£ҶתЩɻʵ
ŷǿ˿ΧȺһᣬһҧĿɿڴУرסҶأ
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ӦʱŷѾʧֻп㣬֤ڹ
Ҷ·ѵͬĿ
Ҷͷһݣͬɱһ㿴Լͷһ񺮣æתʧǵ֮С
һ·ҶʵĴ֮Уָо̫ˣ
Ů˵ĥ͸ԽƯŮˣԽ޷׽ȻŮ绢
ҶȻԺиȻľ֮ݣͷһƬȡٺ٣ϻô֪ɽлƫɽУȻˣ

һҶδ־һ;棬ڵ˴ɽڡ
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Ҷһٽ͸ܵһɳ콣ֱƶǷݾµƣĤݡ
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˿һȻˣԵȣȥͨһ£
ͷˡҶЦ
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˿һҶΪֻ۷壬ʱüͷһ壬صʲô
ҶﲻΪˣԼһ˿񣬲òػӦҶ
öģǸǿʵ
ҶͷЩã˵һǳȻţŭѹ¡
صȻС͸µģóΪ֤ȷʵȻСʶ¹黹
һɺԣҼСݺε㡱Ǹ˲м
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СӣϽɣʦ㲻ܼģ
̫û֪֮ˣÿҼʦ˶ȥˣûΪô͵ģ
˵ĻʱȺһЦҶĿһ۵ȻǲϸֻԼˣ
˵ŻҶﻺǰ׼Ӳɽš
ôĹȻܵɽҰҽѵȻһӴ
һŵӣʱҶһȭҶҶǻһ˿Ц
һģӣʱķɳȥԶ
쵰㾹ȻɽڵӣһʼӶʱŭҶ
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Ǹû뵽ҶȻʵǿȵһϣ
Ǹ˵ʣµĵǣһҶҶŲͣһһ֡
ÿλ֣һƺߣһһӷɳ߳еȫҶķڵء
ҶѾˣֻʱʧȥսû˺ǡ
ϾһţͰѳȻͬȫһ飬Щ̫á
ֻʣˣֻǸ˴һһѳ֣˿˿ӿҶ
ǸһѾΪ֮ͬм֣ʶʮֽͬСһ֡
ҶȻеӣһٲ顣
ϧҶҶһӣžϳڣһɴѪӿ
ûӦһգе屻Ҷȥͬʱһ𣬡顱ɣֱӹһڵм䣬ȫʧ
ȻҶһȣǧɽڡ


199 Ӳɽ
ȻڶȻ÷һɵĿ˳
ԺУСٻҲˣųȻ㣬ôˣΪʲôˣ
Ҫ֪ԴҶ͵öңʱ˳Ȼţҿ԰ˡ
ʱȻΪͻͽڰǰѾɹͻƵ벽
ʹˣȻҲûκͣϢһʱ䶼˷ѡ
ͻȻСٻ졣
ȻüĿ续μҡҷˣԶҵСˣ
СٻҪ٩С䣬ȻһȻҶˣ
ҶȻ覵ݸһ˿ΣĿ֮ǽߣСôëëģ
ã߰ɣһȥɣӣ
СٻЦ㣬ǲеļ˰ΪʲôأԵгⰡ
Ȼεص̫˽ˣƢҲһ·ģ߰ɣ϶ˣŻ
˵ŻСٻӰֱɽŷɱȥ

Ҷɽһ֮󣬶ʱвӰ߳
ҶȻ޾壬ǰнƬ̺һ˸ϵһ˶ҶȵǺˣΪӲɽڣ
ݷȻС㣬ֻӲҶŲͣбߵ
СӺÿ񰡣ÿʦ˶ŵݳˣû˵˸Ӳģ
Ǿǣʦһͼģ
ʦǣȻҴǾƲɽڣƲǣһ٣ӳȥ֪ǵ
尡
һ˶ҶȥҶ˲䱻ٺûȻûֹҶĽŲ°㶼û
ҶһָһֻӣֻҶͬ˷˵ķһ㣬Ⱥ׷ױײɡ
ӺӲ
ȥˣǶסˣ
ʦȶסȥȱ
һʱ˵ʲôĶУǱҶķɵĵӣʧȥ˼սֻʵʵſڵϡ
һʱ䣬ٺܹվֻмʮˣҶǰֻܻˡ
ĵǣֻſڵεؿţԼֹһʱ䣬Ƿһ
ֻǰһˣ裬Ҷﶼòϣ˱Լ˧
˳ֺ󣬳ʱһƬڣЩڵϵĵǶߺ
ʦ֣ļһúýѵһ٣
ǰʦΪǱ𰡣Ǳ۸
ʦ֣ԲҪŹ
һ˸߹һˣգۼҶǰϸҶΪҪǿɽڣɽڵӣ
Ҷͣ½Ųߴ˧Ϊִﵽ˰벽ӣεҪȻС㣬ǲãֻӲˣ
ػҶֱӵҶѾóǻǱ֮⣬ҲǱΣ
ǱƺΪʦһ㶵ʲô
Ҷȡ壬һµȻС͸µģ
Ƿʦּһ˲ͫһɫʱѿȵô壡
˵ˣȻС͸ҵġҶ
ҶɽǰǸˣǰʦֵıܹǳȻǳҪĶͷһů
ҲǼ٣Ȼܵõö壬ҾͿûʸӵ
Ƿʦ˵꣬ҶһȭҶҲǺ޻һĳ
һΧռһ𣬷ʦֶʱʮԶ
ЩԭΪʦִ͵ĵǣʱһȻû뵽Ѿﵽ벽ķʦ־Ȼһͳ˸
ʦҲһĿҶ벻ҶֻΪȻ˾޴
ʦִһҶȭȭɱҶһƻˡ
еɵˣ㿴ҿ㣬һƬãȻ
ʦ˦˦Щı۰ǿҲĶ֣ҪýˣҪСˣ
˵귽ʦһѺĳУ΢΢һˡһ죬Ҷֱ̹
Ķƻʵ죬ոնѾҶǰҶﲻҴ⣬һ͸ĳС

һڳ˶һͬʱҲҶе͸
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רǵܱСĿǳʶ
Ҷǰʩչ˱̬ϲУͻȻ齣βԾ
ҶЦӵޣ½ˣ忸סֻ׳ˣ
ãȷʵЩֶΣҿ㵽ʲôֶΣȻС㽫㣡
ʦḧǰѳȻ·˹һ㣬𶯣˿ϸҶ
찡ʦҪʩչϸϳˣ
ٺ٣ļһҪùˣϸϳɽڵ֮
ٺ٣ֵ֪ܵУ
ҶŶԷǿҲеѹɽȻҶﻹǵһôİ벽
ʦִһʮϮҶû
찡ǿǾϸϳĵһ㾳硪羪
±еǶʱԷʦҳеʼҶذܡ
Ҷʮɱ͸ĳһڣ÷겻͸

һܼһ죬ӿ
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Ҷﰵһ亹ղһܼĹΪǿԼûס
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˵껰Ҷ˫ֽӡһѳҶ󣬽ųһΪΪġ
ͬһѻ򿪵ӣ齣γһ޴ԲȦʢ
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ǰҪĴȥƣҪõһһʣ齣ᳬʮѡ
ΪٶĻͻӰǵУȴѲҶ
ҶͿЩ齣أһ쵽ͣظƣͣͣ
Ѿˣ齣Ǵﵽһʮѡ
ҶŷʦֵҪСˣҪˣ
˵һͺȣһʮѳŷʦֹȥһʮ˲佫ʦְΧ
ʦֶһʮ⣬˿ûа㵨ӣٴһ٣ʮ֣һܼĽ֮ϡ
Ȼ齣ʧҶڷʦֵǰе齣ͣڷʦֵĺǰ˼Ӯˣ
ȫӴɢſ龰ɵ÷һ󾪺ǵķʦ־Ȼˡ
ʦĿɬӮˣ
ȡɣӮ㡱ҶԭҶ齣ɢעһʤ
ʦֵǺ̹ȻصӮ˾Ӯˣ޻˵ҲС۹ȷģ
ҶҪǫ鼸䣬ȻһȴôΪûʸӵǿ壡


200 
ȴôΪûʸӵǿһһӣһĮĳˡ
һ֣ڳеӣоռһζζվȡ
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Ҷ￴ǸӣʮͣΪȴѾﵽ
ҶܹоһȵڤԺ̨κɽǿࡣ
Ǻӿһ۷ʦֵȺˣҼʶһ£Ƿʸӵǿ壡
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Ȼ⣬еĹ켣ȻҶ·ҶﲻòӲӡ
δеƾȻҶͷ¶Ҷһǵһˡơ
һ޵еһ֮Уεʤһ޵еš
Ҷۼ޿ɶܣֻһӳ
飡
һ챬죬ǿҶʮԶе齣Ȼһȱڡ
ߣˣֻʵģȥɡһĮĿҶ
ҶǺΣԪҶã⿿ĻԼõĸ졣
ʹնĻǾǷ˵ľ棬ҪǶǹԼڵղס
Ҷ֮ʣһ֮ҸģʸҶģûȨԤ
Ҷһгأ𵴡
Ҷﻺ̧ͷֻȻն°ȹ΢ĳ΢΢Ʈ𣬵Ȼţ߹ʥ࣬һ˶
ʱüչͬһˮ˫ؿҶҶʱͬ׵ȫ޷ֻԼͷװ
ҶɵɵվȻϼ΢Щֵصôˣ
Ҷ￴ųȻôᣬ춼μ㣬ֻǺ⻹ΣԼһξͻѣ
ӵĻȻӺˣͷȴһƬܰҶߣѾʾ۵ӣصܿˣ
Ҷ￴ųȻǰ覵գҶ鼤Ŀ΢Ȼĺ㣬ʱһֱƴУΪ㣡
Ҷһ糾ӣȻЩƣȫǼϲãȻһʹ
Ҷһʱ䣬һߣ۷Ϊһ·ϱȻĿ࣬ͬʱҪս
ȻָҶգ촽֪Ҳ㣬߰ɣҴȥ
ȻҶ֣Ҫ뿪ȻǺסǵȥ·ʦãϹذɣ
Ȼؿһ۵ҵˣʲô飬Լе
ҵˡ仰ҶĻŭţоͬʱҲս˳Ȼ֡
ǺӼ֣УһĨǿҵĶʼɣߵȻˣֻܽˣ
㡱ȻҶһЦĿ֮뿪ҶﻹЦضǺӣָNɪòˡ
Ӽߺһվ˰Σһ뿪
ڳеӣһľȻĿţһ仰˵ɢȥ

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ȻһƬΣޣʤ԰ŭŵʻЩֵһֱ˼ҿû𣿡
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Ҷ￴ųȻʼԼӽѧԺ棬ؾеһ
ֿ޳սߣڴڣɳϴ񶼸ȻϸĽһ飬ŷһαˡ
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ҶЦ𰡣Ҫǲңôڵžۣҵû㣬һлʲô壡
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ȻؽԼҶļϣһů·ֻܸԼȫĸо
һĬĬĸŶԷþû˵һ仰һлﶼԵôࡣ
ȻȻͻȻɫһ䣬һƬ԰ףĿһƬ־֮ɫ
ҶﱧңˣҺú¡ȻЩĵ
ҶϽסȻͬʱԺеľ죬Ҫôܰ
ҪֿԼʶˣ
ҶŽЩĳȻȻҪֵңҽʶ
Ҷ۾Լʶ֮۳һԼֱ˳Ȼüģʶ֮С
ҶȻʶ֮󣬶ʱǰľŵһ㶣ʶԼȫһȻһƬʵء
ԲǧһƬĮԶһǧɸߵĹڷ׷һӰҶﶨһǸӰǳȻ
ҶＱæǰȥһסȻֵǶħ
ȻҶȻܹԼʶԭֵʱ٣˵ͷ
Ҷ￴һǸħɵһ㶣Ӱȥе졣
̫ӴͨںڣҶ￴˰죬žеӣ
ΪҶڿǸ޴ӰȻֻӣҶЩħȻֻӡ
ӣǸħҶĳ֣Ҳһ㶣ҶĻʱŭһȻ˵ֲĶħӣ
ȻǸλ仯Ƭ̺һ̬ҶɭɭЦ㿴ֲһɣ
Ҷϸһ£ɵһȶ̶̣ԲβССǿ׳졣

ҶһŹֵĿǸħһ³ȻļǶħ
ȻɫҰףȫǿ־صǶħһֱ׷ңҺú£
ҶһԻ󣬶Ժеľ⵽ô£ħУ
ǶħħĶǸСŮԺΪ־Ķ
ӦеĿ£ħãŻ־壬Խ־壬ħԽǿ󣡡
ԭħûʵ壬ǿ־壬ո׳Լ
ҶЩ󣬲ɵһЦǿƥĳȻȻôɰһ档
Ҷһ³Ȼ񱳣ú£Ұɵ
Ҷﰲοһ󣬳ȻĵĿ־࣬岻ٲ
ɵңСӣҾ֪ǶôĿֲǶħҶ
ҶֱӶǶħӴγȥǰһȭҳ
飡
ӴӰҵķѡ


201 ħ
ҶһȭħӴӰʱķѣɢ
Ȼ۵ĲţӡޱȿֲޱǿĶħȻôˣ
Ҫ֪ɽҲҹǿˣȥħһȫʧܣ껹ܵһˣû˸ˡ
ǾôǿĶħȻҶһȭɢֵĺ޷
ħӴӰɢǲûʧǻֱԭӵ״
Щŭصôܣôܻô
Ҷûǰһȭҹħһα顣
쵰ⲻܡħɢٴλۣƬָֻ˹һ߰ɵľˡ
ħضҶߺߣҿµʲô
˵һǿҶ˹Ҷһ㶣ûӦâѾʧˣħЦҵ㺦µĶˣ
䣡
˵ħһɢγһȵӰħ仯ɺ󣬺Ȼôое㲻Ծ
Ҷɴ۾ǰþ˵ȻҲһĲš
Ϊħ仯ӰǳȻȻǰĳȻһģһ˿
ħʱʧСȻµ
ҶЦһһӵĴڣҵȻˣ㣬ңٺ٣˼
˵ҶŶħӰ˹ȥħһУֱӻһֻӣɱ
ֻʱĴС͸ͨһҶ׷ҽС
̫̬ˣôûһ˿־壬ϳħһһʧС
Ҷһ·׷ȻЩ˼ĿǰһУԭһֱµĶħȻôС
Ƭ̺Ҷ׷˶ħһȭҳ

ħһҽУֱҶһȭɢȻ󻺻
ûмܣֱӱɳȻģҶǰҪˣҪˣٴȥʹˣ
ҶȻͣס֣ħûĳȻȻһģһ鶼˿
ͬŮһġȻҲ²ȥ֣ȭͷͣڰգôҲȥ
ǡȻʱһתһѱסҶĴȣԼĦҶĴȣصŹҰɣʲôУ
˵껹Ҫȥ⿪ԼѣȻһֻϮ顱ֱӽ߷ɡ
Ȼֺ˪صٸҾɱ㣡
ǸħȻ߷ɺ󣬻һСŮǱ裬Ĺڵϵ㣬ҰɣԺҲˣ
ȻǰСŮڵ㣬ı壿
ǰڽôֻ꣬ɳô㡱СŮЩίĵ
ҶȻһۣȻΪʲôһֱŻң
СŮҶɷһ㣬һȭͷԼֻýǰ˵һ顣
ԭСŮħ磬ԳħѪ߹ħһοռѵʱ򣬱ռڳȻ֮С
ħʣһ壬뿪ħ磬ֻڱ˵гɳ
ǵĳɳҪĸǿ־壬ŻǼٳɳ
һ츳ܹͨӵ־Ķ˿־壬ͻǿޱȣ޷սʤ
ôкܶǿߣ˳Ȼ磬Ƕӵĵ׿־ĶԷȫܣˡ
Ҷһֻ̥ӵĶȴûκο־Ĵڣؿ
ħСŮЩίĶԳȻôҶԽѾˣʱҴû㵷ңˣŻ㣬ΪҪɳ
ȥɱˣҸղ־ֻŻˣ㣬ҰɡħСŮధ
ȻһʱЩ֪˵ʲôãû뵽һֱĥԼĶħȻҪ˵ɱЩģҪԼЩľս
Ҷô죿ȻЩΪѣҶ
˵Ķûж⣿Ҷ̵
ģȻħ겢а񣬺֣
ҶһµҪռ־ҰɣҲܹ㣡
ģĲɱ𣿡ħСŮʱϲ
İɣ˵㻰ɣҵʶҶ˵꣬һץסСŮ˳ȻʶֱԼʶ
ۣǿ֮ħСŮҶޱ޼ʵʶһ˷ܵĵ
ﳤڴȥ㲻ռҲԳɳġСŮ˵ĵ
ԺͰŰɣõģˣʲôֶ𣿡Ҷʵ
ûʲôֶΣҽףͻмˣʱҿ԰ﵽġСŮɴֱӽϴˡ
Ҷĳƺûô⡰ȻˣͰɣ
СŮʱһֱӱһ㣬һͷ±ߵĴ󺣡
Ҷﻺ˳ʶȻĿŵĿԼҶЦЦһԺӦһҰˣ
ȻЩĵص᲻ʲô˺Ͼħ
Ҷﵹǲģоڣʲôħħģ뷺һ˻
ο˳Ȼ䣬˶ͷ࣬ȻڿԷĵˡ
ǵħôһֱСҰɾ;Ըߡ
ȻҶ֣ԡϦУһԡ
Ҷ￴ŲԵĺ棬ǣž欵֣ǼȫǳȻ㣬һĸо
̾˿ҪʱܹԶͣжã춼һ𣬲ôෳգƴȥУ
ȻҶһڲݵϣؽһҶҶͷ£ʱһӡ
Ҷ΢΢һ΢Щҵͷҿһ²¶ЦݵôͻȻôп
ҶȻ͸¶һ¹شٵ飬̫أ֪ǲ֪ĺãȷʵۡ
ҶЦепȥμԶսĿ𣿡
ҶᵽԶսȻĿһȻȥһɽڵǰʹһ٣ɽʵһ˵ΪŻͻͽ
ǺǣԶսϣһŬսɨһ顱ҶЦ
ȻҡҡͷĿһ˿ǵһӣű׷׳֣ʸս¶ǳң˵Զսˣ
ӣͷİɣЯ֣˭ֵܵҶƵĵ
Ȼʱͨ˭ӣƤô֮񣡡
ųȻߺӣҶһƬҸȻһŮ飬һûа׻
Ȼܸɽڵĸ߲ͨһǵһΡҶ
ҪȥȣѵȻһԾĿҶ
Ҷͷ˵ҶﲻЩڴˣԼߺ󵽵׻жǿ


202 
Ҷǰ籩һкµ磬һͷƤ飬ԼŰ
Ҫȥ𣿡ҶЩȷʵ
ýһܹΧԽԽáѾ䣬ؼû׽ٵϴǳǿߵģ
ٿ񱩶ǿ󣬿ȥҪؼһУʵһֿ飬ٵϴ覴òŻᱻϴֻҪԺĺô
䣬Ѿû٣ֻвСлһַ򣬿ɹϴ
ЩСĹ춼ǳĵͼ׽ٵǿȶһ㣬Ҷϰͨߣûʸϴġ
ԵҶؾʱֻҶﾭ׽ٵϴ˶ûС
ɽڵ⴦ȣһΪȹ̵С磬ӡǿ֮Թϴ
ٺõĵطǣԸԼĳǿϴ񣬻õı
ɽڵԶҪһʲƵķãȿ˵ɽһҪľԴ
Ҷһҧֱͬһ׵УոսмӴϸҶ
Ҷʱо΢΢һ飬ȫĺëȴûиеʲôʺϡ
ˣĥĥˣϽߣı׼Զءߴٵ
Ҷǰȥȹ˼壬ξһɽȣҶŹȿȥ
ߵһ֮ңʱԭӴϸָϸҲǿࡣ
ҶĳܷΧ֮ڣǰߣŰҵʱѾ˼ϸ񱩵Ҷ·ˡ
Ҷܵ˼ѹʶʵ˰ɣ
ʲôˣ⻹أͻƵĻߣҪα仯źʣ
Ҷһ£һ׶ξһ׽٣ȷʵҪΡ
һҧǰȥֽ˰ңֳ˱仯Ѿ仯˴ȴϸʹҶǿĳ̶ȣҲЩܲסƤʼѣѪʼ
ҶûͣϢŲȻǰȥҶԺУ΢΢һ󶯵ȥˣǸϴĵطЦǲǿеأ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣһֻ򣬵Ҳһ
ͨһǸʿʦ׼ģǽ׼ģǻʼ׼ģǸ׼ģһֱûȥ
Ϊмǿȥ׺˻ҽԺûȥˣֻǾӦֻǿ߲źʣǾôûԹ
Ҷȫ֪뷨֪Իϧû̫
СʱҶѪ˵򣬿ǰˮͰϸ磬һȻ
ΪЩ磬Ѿǵ磬ʵŭڲͣķ裬ЯŻص
Ҷԥһ£һҧһ̤򣬻ƱƼԭѾòٱıݣ˲䱻ƣһڻߵϢɢ
ϢɢΧʵ磬ͬһ㣬ҶＱ
䣡
ҶͬʱʮУʱȫѪһѪ
Ҷһٻս˲˱ɫǣһɰɲǼ
ͬʱȫͬŭһ㣬Ҷӿ
䣡
һҶٴһѪꡱһ죬Ҷѡ
Ҷæ󰵽ָƣǻûüָأһҶϮ
Ҷʱ䵹ڵأһѪ󣬡ǡ߹Ƕ
Ҷһ߷ת󰵽һߵϴ
ֻ׽ٲͬǱֱǺܶʱǼʮ޷赲
Ҷһһαſ£ѪǶϣһδδӵܶʼ
ڰβסˣ˻ȥɣȥģ
޷һŵסҶһѪһֱ۶ˣһֻ֧վ
ƭģʵĵطġ̲סʵ˵ˡ
ҶɲǣһӦ磬һ߻ָƵ֪
һ֪
ǰʵÿοҵʱȻºһŭҴûҶﻺ
Ϊʲôʵ
ΪҰ㵱ѣ㣬ԲẦңôһԭġҶﾭһһѪٴ
Ĭһ󣬻³֡лл
ҶﾭôʱĶԿѾЩ˵Ѿ쵽ˡ
ɲϷӭӿס֪ϷʲôҪǣѣǿĻ飬ϵصһȥе
û·޾˼һ㣬ҶŬӭ硣
Ѿ˼ޣ˿ûз۾ԽԽӭ˼ҶںĿ
һҪҶﳹ׻֮ʱҶ赲˫ſ޼ɵϮԼϡ
ҶԺеľһ𣬾ҪͷȥʱҶһЦã
䣡
ʮ񱩵׵Ҷɺ˵վԭأΧ磬Ҳʼٿ񱩣ƽ
Ҷǻһ˿΢Цһ죬һҶС
Ȼƿ׵֮ȵص
ΪΪʲô㱻Ϊʲôʵ׶壬һʱʱѾˣӲʮʱΪұˣҶЩûĵ
Ҷ￴ʵ׵ɫ滺ɢļµֱҪЦ˻
ǿļѾ޳֮׵׺׵ϲٶκ˺ˡ
ҶʱлӣֻԼԭԲԪѾޱ޼ʡ
ڴ󺣵ģһֱʮԲҶһֱӳԲϡ
ҶһƬأ·һСֻܻһëҲ
ҶԾʲô
ȻһС磡Ȼڻ߾ͲС磡
ʲôС磿Ҷʵ
Сߴﵽ֮ҲڵԲԺΪߣС𽥱պԸĴСԼһС硱Щ˷ܵĵ
Ŷĺ£Ҳ߾ӵе˰ɡҶЩš
ûʲôֲֻʵٺһжҵĹͰЩĵ
Ҫ֪㾭һǧʮıѶȣѹԪøﵽŻнЧ
ٺ٣һж˵Ĺͣ˿⣬ǿԼŬĺòҶûĵ
ڿӲҲûΰָôܻн죿ǵ͵ĹӲŰŭָ
Ҷװûǿٺ٣ǳȥʱˡ


203 ϻ
ҶճѵһԵСٻһصҶӲˣ
Ҷһ㶸æʵʲôˣ
ڵȻһǰĹӵ飬֪Ĺ⵽СĶ֣Ҫ˵
ͨСٻҶ֪ڸɽһŴɣʵۺɽ֮ϡ
ڷǳа죬ֶβ̣ţһɸҵǡ
ǵҲǳ⣬֮컹ٻԼħޡ
Ҷһ绹ٻʦְҵֲǴϷһһͳ
Сٻ޻ߣԽԼԼħ޷ռڣٻġ
ҶæͨԼԲԣԲЩͼǻ۵Լһ
ҶһϧҪԼҲŪһȺԼħޣʲôøɣֱһСȥɱˡ
СٻǽСʣС㵱Ȼϣǳϵǡ
СĹùãҲǵֹҶŵĸˣͻȻԷ˵Ĺ׷Сȥ
Դ˳Ȼõţԭ˾Ǹ긾ˡ
ۼ޷ȻֻóԼɱ˶ĹӣԷŭʱҪŴս
󾭹һͣ¿ԣĶӻǺһսɽеӣ˴¾ʹա
ɽһУûһܹӮҪȻڡ
ֱ۸ɽˣŭ֮£ӦҪ󣬵Ϳʼ˱ԡ
û뵽ģǸǺֱٻһͷħޣսֱӿһ
ѾвٵӰСٻ֮ǰɽֻдʦûϳˣѾȫˡ
СٻЩصӣȥɣʱʦָոϳҲ֪ܲܵеùԷ
ҶһҵСٻæɽڵ̨ȥ

飡
һ죬ɽڵĴӣһͷһٶɸߵͰ׻һץķɡ
ʦֿѪԶȥֱӷɳʮǿסΡ
ʱһңΪɽһˣôˣܲģ޿κΡ
ˣһ޵еĴʦֶˣѵҪʦ𣬺òģ
Ǹ쵰̫ǿˣԼǿߣٻһͷħޣ˭Ƕ֣
쵰ֱףԶһʲô־һһĴ򣡡
һӳڰ׻ͷϣԶһҵĴʦЦ㻹ɽڵһϼһʱˣ
ڿʵһֶ񶾵ķ̣ɽںˡ
Ȼɽһһ˶ôˣⳡĵıӦĻ˰ɣһȫֵ˶ûУǼį
һµӣɨһɽڵĵӣ֮Ա
ȻվҪһǺˣȢһŮˣһҰǺųȻһƬȵЦ
Զλ߷ֱУһߣһЦ죬ǻԵԺǾ׼ˣ
һǵɽڵ˳죬ҲǳȻ游˵ĻϹŵЦݵǧˣЩǲҪ˵̫磬ѿֻԼ
ҿ㻹ʲôܹŤת֣ҼǻڵģҷڵĻٺ١ǧЦв֮ʮԡ
쵭Цһ£ûлش۾ɨһԶĳȻȻɵĿԶ벻̨ϵĻǺ
ǺȻԼʱŭڵŮͽأӹ
ߣȻû˸̨ˣôȻҴˡ˵껰ǺҪߴͻǰС
ȻһҴҶŮˣȻҵͶ̥;
£ֻӰٱһӣ裬üŭֱӶŻǺȥ
С㣬üСٻȻǰǻЩǵĿҶ
ϾҶͻʣҪǿߣʵ̫ˡ
İɣҵˣȫǿˣ
ȻĿҶıӰ˵ҶԶĹӵʱʱСȴȫˣԼ
ȻҶȻֱǺǰæ֮лǶԼָһŹֵƣȫ֮УֻгȻƵĺ塣
ȫ˼Ҷĳ֣ʱһɧ
ףǸôô죿
Уܲǰ첻Ƿŵʦߵ𣡡
ôˣʦֶУ𣿡
۷׷֮ʣԶĻǧ˺ͳҲˣǧϸһĨЦôһСС
쿴һҶκЦҺСĵ㣡
Цһ㶼Цһˣɱ۰
Űɣ˵һжû塱쵭ĵ
ǺȻ;ɱһߣһϢһոͻƾĻߣʱһƬ䣬оԼϷˣˡ
ҶǰûǺһۣ˫۷ŹĿͷ׻ˮˡ
óһʱ䣬Ҷնɱ˲ǿߣǲǶħûԣͶ쵭ˡ
ôһֻޣʱ˫۷Ź⣬̿ˮӦÿԳԺܾ˰ɡ
ͷ߽ޣȻҶﶢһ־壬˼
СӣҪҾͳȫ㡱ǺؿҶѾɱ⣬Ҫɱ
ҶżѵؽĿӰ׻ջأ˿ǺǻǺʵĵܵܣȻе񣡡
ʵɣǱһȭģ㲻Ҫԩˣ
쵰ȥһ㶼ҶĻΪҶǲ߶׻Ҷ
ȷӻҪһȦĻצҶ䣬Ҷ￴Ǿ޴צӣһߣպòһڵ
˾ĿУҶǾ޴Ļצܣһȭӳǻצӭȥ
䣡
һ죬һӴӰӷɳֱӷɳʮԶرһĴ󹵡
ڳ˳˳Ȼ˶Ŵͣþ޷£
ϰɿĴ󹵣ȫһϢҲûУ˶˶ݵĴͣ޷ǰʵ
Ҷ￴ǰĳ΢΢һЦٵϴǿѾǿһ˼ĳ̶ȡ
̾ڵ壬ԱԶʱˡ

ͷ׻ӵ췢һŭ𣬶ϵĻǺûϵĻҳһ𾪵ĿҶ
Ȼסˣ׻սжǿκ˶һܣûܹϸ׻⡣
Ÿ޼ɵսɽһеӣҶĳ֣֪
ˣһи֡ϻ
˵껰Ҷֱӳڰգһȭͷ˻ƽɫЯƥƶŰ׻ͷ­ȥ


204 
Ҷֱӳڰգһȭͷ˻ƽɫЯƥƶŰ׻ͷ­ȥ
ȭͷûֲѹѾ±ߵĴؿʼݣͷ׻ͻǺʱоһɽѹ
Ǻ˲þһ٣һϰɵĶƳǰͰ׻ںߡ
䣡
󣬿ֲ˽ƿ̵Ĵڿֲǰ·ˮӿȥ
˲ɽ׷飬ɽⲿɽʧˡ
ԭڰۿˣ׷׶ֲľˣһЩΪϵ͵ֱӱɡ
һƽϢ˽սĵط˲ë֮أһƬǽ塣
˿ǰĿֲѾ޷ǵ𾪣ȫԶԶؿŰУҶսһӰ
λˣͫһ˻ǧ˸͵վΣһ𾪵ĿԶҶ
ܿлָ˻صһͷɫһ˿οתͷŻǧ˵û뵽ǾȻˣǻڱصð
ǧѹе𾪣£ЦǺ⺢ܳţȻֻǲȴѾܹʹˣҪǲЩɲĵĵԣ
ʵƷһֳƺܲʸʹõƽ߶޷쵽
΢΢һЦȻǿ߶ȴһܶ޷ӰɣȻҲᱻһȭҽˡ
ǧûлش죬һĿҶתʲô뷨˭Ҳ֪
Ҷһ𾪵ĿŴİ׻ͷһٶɵĶƸ
ҶϸһǸƺŷ֣ǲʲôƣһ˶Ĺǣϱ߲Ȼ·ɢźصϢ
ԼһȭϱߣȻһȭͷӡûУɵóԾصӲ˿ӣ
Ҷһ仰ʱûǧˡǺһڵˣһѿ
ǹǻƿ©һŭݵĻǺָҶûʶӣ׶ʶ
ǺĻҶﵹûʲôӦԶɽڵĵȴը˹
ǸǴ˵еף찡ǿ
ڵ֮һóˣǾԤı
ܹ߶Ҳ̫а˰ɣֻеż𣬲ǿʹ𣿡
ԶһȺǺֵɽڵĵһԭ˼ҶԸǣʵûóֻħޣͰǻˡ
ǷʦֻǸĮĴʦ֣һѿǴʦ֣Ѿȫ˼ҵĵƶû̽ɽһˣЩ޵ݡ
ףڹӣ˿ʲô湻ĵģʲôۡҶﲻмĵ
Ǻǿѹеŭ㵽˭Ͳɽڵĵӣûʸμⳡս
ǰҲɽڵĵӣСӾȻţҪǲôԵһš˵껰ҶﻹȻķգգ۾
ȻʱϼĿתЩֵĵ֪˵˵С
ǺҶȻڸԶĳȻüŪۣŭ죬һСӣȥ
˵߶׻Ҷǰ׻һһԲİ׹ĿҶﱼ
Ҷüͷһ壬оǵ׹żǿɱһת
Ҷոǵ׹㴩Ҷԭĵط޾ǿϢԶȥ
һ·ϴرһ󹵣ƲЪֱԶȺգۼ͵ǰ
ٶ̫ˣǷӦʱ򣬰׹Ѿ˽ǰɵô
ʦֺһڸּæ֣ʹȫǵ׹ⷢ𹥻
飡
ʮ벽ĸ֣ϴʦʱɡ
ȫĺŵס׹⣬ǲºȻħ޶˵ơ
ͷ׻ҶһһҶͬʱǺ׶
ҶһлΣܹ׻һצһȭڹϡ
䣡
ȻɹסҶһǹǿȴȫжȥһһޱԶ
ǺȻûˣǸ׹ȻˣȴҶĺʤ֮ġ
һҾͲŴ˿ӣ
˵˻һ磬ȭͷ˻ƽһ㣬ӣһҡ
飡
޴죬޹ģÿһ춯ضŲѾվסˣȫɵйۿ
Ҷ緢һ㣬˫ȭ籩һ㣬ϣǺһһ޶ڹ׺ߣͣı񱩵ˡ
ÿһȭǶᱻʮԶȻ죬ǻܹȫյġ
ײȫ赲Ҷһ͸״ݹҶÿһΣǺһѪӿд󺧣⵽ʲôûйҪһȭˣ
Ҷһ籩ļ󣬻Ǻ˼ʮϱ˳һѵĴر鲼ս
ɽЩҶŵĵǣһ𺧵ĿΪ޿ƥеĻǺûл֮ǵҲûеˣԽľη
ǧ۾ʼضսһԲֻͷϱʾǳĲ
ǧ˲ͬ쿴ҶݵӰǸ𵭵΢Ц
ۣ
ǺڵֵסҶ񱩵һѪڵ˶ʱһ
ɽȴһ󻶺ǱѹŭˣֻǼһֱš
ҶֿȭŰ裬βͿҪĻǺÿѪǲѪڣоԼһ񫡣
ٺ٣С̫ˣͰ
׳գСҲܽе𣿡
ǽʲôֲɽڵĵӣ
ɽڵĵӣûʦ˼˸ղŻüĿأϹӰ
û̫ע⣬Ǹôƺ
ʦĶ˼ˣȻҪʦˣ
һȺҶ񱩵ǣ׷׳ɤӴ󺰡
ʦ䣬ʦͣʹ
ʦ䣬ʦͣ
ʦ䣬ʦͣýȴϣ
һ˸߹һˣ˷ҪǹҶһս
սеҶôĹʦƺĻŭţ˰ΰһ㡣
緢޻һСǣ̫ˣ򲻻ʧģ
Ҷһڣÿһȭ֮ǰأ顱֮Խӵ
͡ڳȻԱСٻЦ˳Ѿߺ˵ĳȻ㣬ҲҪĿڽнأ
ȻŭҲȡЦ㣬ôʰ㣬˵Ҫȥ
Сһ𳤴󣬶ڶԷָƣֱСٻҸ¶ȥ
СٻЦӿʰңʲô˼㻹ȥƽɣ
Ů黶Ц֮ʣǺȴƵҪѾѪˣҶ籩һĹȻһ˿ĻᶼûС
Ǻһ˿һͺȣ˲һƬӰ


205 Զɽ
ƬӰĳ֣ڳ˹һƬĿ־塣
찡ʲô˴
Ҷ䣬Ȼо죬ԼһɿֲϢɵͷһ
ֻֻ֮߶೤ֳ֣ͨںڣǰһŷݣһ͸ĳ
˾㤵ǣǶŻ߼Ϊһֻ߼ĳӣ˿ȥһͷƤ顣
Զһֱݵĳһɫһ侪Զɽ棡
벻㻹ϳԶ֣ǲװǧЩЦ
ǸǺ䱸ԶɽҲ˳ǶԶսͼıСߵ
ǵȻԶɽһǰǰԶսȡصĳѷģôľ˽Ĺģϧʱ䲻㣬ֻ߳ڣ۷壬߰벽ߺߣ˭ֵܵڣǧ˰Ȼ
ԶɽԶʱڷǳǿĳ壬ɽͼӲĿʯΪǵ쳣Ⱥֻһ𣬼ʹԶţҲûԸǡ
ԶɽԸŭݷһƷܱҧ飬սΪֲ
Ϊķ˴ԴŽ˹ģ
ΪԺܹԶսϴʣϣøԴ˵ĻǺһִ㾡˵Ѫ
ʹҶôаĳǶţҲЩͷƤ飬˲ùǺ˳һξ룬һصؿЩӡ
ܹĸоЩӵݷǳֲԼ˼в
ҶﲻٹˣǺŻһ׺ԳεСӣ֪ʲôǿ־˰ɣЩһһһڵҧ飬Сӣ
Ǻ˵ϸ´ҶȥֻֻǵصҶ
ʲô㣬ҡҶԾ
Զɽ棬ǳѶԸûʲô㣬ǿᣬݷκζѸ˺
ôܣˣϾԲȱзǳǿһ棬϶бһ棡
ҶԲԶɽû㣬϶Ǿ֪ѣԼҪȥˡ
ҶһֻȱԶɽ棬һȭıϣһĽڽһ㡣
ֻԶɽʱͬڵһ㱻ڵϣرҳһ׵Ĵ󶴣Ҷʶ۲쵽ֻԶɽ沢ûɵĵ
ҶһӵķȻǿҶﾪ֮ʣһȺӽҶŰΧˣҶֻ˫ȭ裬һٿҡ

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Сɣҿֵܼʲôʱڴ㱻ҧһ̡ǺҶﱻӴΧֻʱ⡣
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ո׼ʱԺдҶ£û£
Ȼ΢΢۾սʱ׼սȦ
žҶץһᣬȭͷлصһֻԶɽϡ
ǿʱֻԶɽѣһЩںҺϢʧ
Ǻһֻӱɱʱ۵ֱ鴤Ҫ֪ЩӿǾֵģһֻһֻ
Ҳ־Щӵսһ֣Ǻʱָӳץ
ҶֻӺһСıһֻ˿ӣһҧֱϣʱѪ졣
ҿҶ壬׵ϴѾǿ˲˼ĵزκһǿߣֱͱһҧϡ
ҶˣɽڵĵһƬȴҴҶ
ȻҶֱѪӣһĨʹ·˿ڱϻҪʹεջ䡣
ȳص飬ǧ˺ͻǺ¶һĨϲɫǸֵЦ⣬ǿҶѾǸҪˡ
ҧһڵҶʱоֱһʹҵģһ߻ָƣһСĹЩǵصԶɽ档
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ҶȻ˴ԶɽİΧ˫ֿٽӡһȣһԲɵľ޴֣˲佫ǰԶɽû
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ΪɽҲǵؽսҶѧԺսģһֱСûùó
˼Ҷﲻͣû湥Զɽ棬Զɽһ¶ûУЩ֡
׳գԶɽԶ֣ܱôˣֱ˵ΡǺһЦĿҶ
㣬ô죬ѾԶɽûа취ˣȥԪľġСٻЩĵ
ͿҶʹõǵؽսѾʹʮأҪһĻԪݽˡ
ҶԪۺʹȥҲԪһգԶɽһûС
ҪҶһа취ģӳûܹȻȻҶΪʲôҶԲȥù
Ҷһ߶ܣһ߹˶ʮ¡ɽ֮Ҷһ
˫ӡһӴĲӿдԭպȻܲ
ѵսʱ˶ԾĿա
Ҷһӡиֳһ޴ˮֱԶɽȺ
Ǻܿǧ˺ȻʲôͻȻС
ˡҶ﷢һЦ
޴ˮеԶɽ֣ȻеԶɽϷһƬ̣һ˿У׷¡
ǧ˺ͻǺͬʱһʹĴУ·һѶ۵ڲͣиǵһ㡣
ղŻޱȵԶɽȺȻȺȥûκˮɱȫûȫһƬڡ
찡⵽ô£
Ǹˮûһѵ˵Ҿ̫ͣ
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ҶЦЦû˵ʲôԭСӶʲô
ҶﲻͣáɽԶɽ棬ҲûˣֻǲϵĸǼȣҪľһЧ
ȻҶûôϰˮ¶죬ŹоȻ޷ŪˮǺɵġ
һԶİ׻Ҷһ¿ˮϻ


206 ɱǺ
ȫҶһɱԶɽȺ֮ʱǶûע⵽ҶǷһ˿΢ЦǸ΢Ц˸ое㻵
һڻԶɽĻǺߣһŽ߷ɣͬʱȭͷݺݵڰ׻ͷϡ
ͷһٶɸߵľ޴׻ӦûӦͷ­˲䱻飬һԵصڵϡ
ڳ˻ûԶɽзӦҶһٻɱ˰׻ǿĴڰ
Ǻһеŭ𣬼ҪҶٻˡ
Ҫ֪ͷ׻ڿ˽ǧ꣬Ž߽װķѪ
ԭҶһٻɱԶɽ棬ǧ˾ѾڱߵıԵҶȻֻɱ˰׻ʱɱȻѾ޷ٶһˡ
ǧվξҪҶУվ𣬱һǿϢ
ǧŭ죬쵰ҪǸұӻ͵Ŵսɣ
ǧԤϵǣһ͵ĳЦŴս˲ɽڽžǣ
㡭
ǧдŭɽܲ٣ǿֻظԳ֡
ǵĶԳֲûӰҶҶ￴±߾޴İ׻ʬ壬̿ˮװģصһֵ𾴵Ķ֣Ҿ㱩ʬҰ
˵ҡڵĽ׻ʬռָͷ׻̤ƽԲӲԶˡ
Ҷһʱֿ˻߽ħްƽʱȥҵĵ˯ʱͷ
쵰Ҫɱ㡱һȴǺͷɢĴ
ԭҶղһţֱӰߵ֮Уʱ򣬸պüҶʵĽ׻ʬ
ǺζҪըˣƽʱдУҪͿʲôʱôҹ
ȥɡǺĿ˵˲һϰɵ͸Ӱ
찡Ȼ󷨶óˣ
ʦܰ깥û취ֵģ
Щϳ˻Ǻһ깥ֱӹ˵꣬޷赲
һЩط⣬ûܹסֻɶԷ깥Լꡣ
֮ԽڣΪĹǸйأūӡħޣǲٿħޣҪǿ֮˵ƿרҡ
˵궼ûоǱֵһᣬôڷû˸ǡ
Ǹ͸ӰϾǻǺķŴ棬ֻǸֱҶ
ҶһЦ깥ûʵ壬ǲûа취ؼһֶרġ
Ҷһֻ֣Ҫ֮ɱҪ֪ǿ걻УҲҪɢ
磬ҵĲƷҪ˷ѰҶҪֵʱʶħ

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Ҷһʶһ𣬸ߴɵĻǺҶʶ֮С
һ֣ͷǰһǧɵҶһЦĿ
ֲϢŵĿҶôܡôôǿ󣡡
ڲˣһܾʹĥʮʱɱŮʱһĽƤҲζҶһаЦݡ
㡭ô֪ģĺΣû˻֪ġǺޱȿ־ĵ
û֪ĸ׹ϵ飬û֪ҶЦſŻǺ
ܡⲻܡ㲻ˡħص鶼Ҷ˵Ǻ޾Ŀ־塣
Ųţ˵ҪƤ׼һ°ɣܻһʹǸŮʱǰİ𣿶ԣǸоҲҪˡҶͷ촽ѪĶħ
Ǻŵ亹ˣһҪ˳ҶʶȻ֣Լô޷Ҷʶķ
ٺٺٺ٣Сӣ޾ʹܰɡҶ﷢һֲЦݣһָֻУֱץڻǺϡ

Ǻʱеһ׶ĵĴʹһҽУʼɱôɱᱻһƤ
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һо־壬ôħͻĸǿ󣬸޷սʤ
ʵһжǻþ۲ۣڻǺڻǺЪ˹ĲҽУ֪Ǻ϶뵽ǸŮǰңŻоʹޱȡ
ҶһЦħֱõĹﾡá
ԭ˼ҶȻûܣɻǺϮԼܶ˶۾ˣ
춼վλǧסһĳȻֻС
ڳ֮򾲵˾ǳȻۿ궾ʶҶʱ龰
ʱֻһССߵҶֵܹסʼĶᣬοڡ
ͿҶǹûǺĹԼȻ֪ҶʲôͼıǾԲΣա
κȫѻȸУҶ۾ǺǷһЦ
ǺֳȥһҶ﹥ҶȻʲô¶ûУ֪ǣǷֳȥǧ֮࣬޾Ŀ־֮С
Ȼû£ǺЩɲĵ
û£¡Ҷﵭصû뵽ôð
Ǻʱɫ䡰쵰˵ʲô
ûʲôТ˳㸸չĸףడҶЦ
ǺʱòԾˣҶĻ֮⣬г˿־塰쵰ȥ
˵겻Ҷ˵Ļᣬ׶ҶҶЦһһȭסףһߵʮܼɱŮ㷢Ļ湻İ
ʮ͸߳ϵķϴ㻹ǲʳ
ҶĻûǧһɫһ䣬ȻҶе߳ϡ
ҶĻǺͬ˷һ㣬Ҷ͹ҶȻѴףǶֻʺϷޡ
ҶﲻŲæĽ¶ǺһЩ˽ʲôʱ°ĸŵŮӣɱ޹Ůȵȡ
Щͨħ֪ģħͰѻǺĵ׵ܿ˸顣
Ҷ˵Ļ𾪣ǺΪڵɱô޹Ů滹ŮֱǱ̬
ԭΪҶ˵ЩΪ˴̼ǺǿǺ޾Ŀ־壬ͬһĹҶ֪Ҷ˵ʮа˾Ŷġ
쵰޳СڡǧҲȥˣŭȵ
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Ҷ˵껰һڻǺ֮ʣһȭ׻ɣһסǺĺ
ǧҲסˣȵСӣҪǸһëҽţ
ҶĿ˻ǧһۣͷвɹˣ
˵һһš˻ǺĲӣǺ˲ɳҶһָһɳǵ˲ҷ


207 Ҷ
Ǻ꣬Ҷһָ𣬴һɣֻǺʬ壬䣬ͨһڵϡ
ҶתͷһŵĻǧˣЩǸص˼һвﺦ־Ͷˣ
ȫɽڻڵˣһĳţ벻Ҷĸɱ
ǿڻѪǿߣָԶսϴء
ôҶϣһʱ˶ף¿Ҫͱˡ
쵰ȥ˵꣬ǧ˲ʧֱӳҶǰ̧־һƣҪǰСĳࡣ
Ҷһƽǹ֣Żǧȥ
飡
һ󣬶˶ȥԷ治ɵ֮⡣
ǽµĴأʮɿľ޴Ѻۣ˷Բ
ȥϰôȥҶﶨסΣǹһָǧˣ
ڸղŵУûǧ˿ӣҪֹѾˡ
û뵽ҶȻܹѾﵽڵĻǧƽɫӾȻûˡ
ڳǣ񿴹һҶһսôûеһ㰡
ǧЩŵĿҶϵĳǹܵǳǹĿֲ
ڸղűǹеһ̣һֱ޶һ㣬ͷһƬ
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ΪУͰ˿ҶЦ
úúãܷӼ˿Ҿʶһ£ھԵǰǶôС
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ʱһȴһڵСҲҷҶ֣Ϸ̫
ȴ̺޾ϣǸ󣬻ǧ۵ƣʱӰա
ǧɫ䡰ǡ
ǧ˵Ļû˵꣬иֳһֱָŻǧ˴ȥ
飡
ǧӦָɣֱ֮ͣ£ۡһѪǱĴϢš
ߣϷҲһСἰģȥ߻죬úùһ±ߵˣϷ֡Ǹϵߵ
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˵һˣǺʬͷҲȥˡ
ڵ뿪ɽ󻶺һüһ졣
һڵҪǴȥһըԵš
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ȻҶﶢţһ죬һֱսʲôˣ
Ϊҵ£ʤϱ߿սҶųȻ֣
Ҷ֣ȻһЩɬصͥڵĲҪ
ʲôô˶ǵĹϵˣûǰǺʦ𣿡ҶЦ
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ҶԱߵСٻһֱЦҶ㿴ߣ˼ЦˣӦöѧϰǣ
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Ȼ뿪˳һЦҶæųүүæţҵȥˣ

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棬ΰķԸӦǵıԣû뵽ɽڱڲôࡱЩĵ
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̫ǵ̫ǿδܲһǻ£ҲãҪĥͳĵ
ǣ棡
Ҳˣ㻹̫ˣʱƹһŸһԼԴȥļֵ
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ҲãҲãҪһҪʵʱû׬⣬ʱðգζŸ߶Ļر
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Ȼˣɵͷһǵͷǣ
ǸҶ꽻ãûӦĻпӦٶ֮ˣ
Ӧٶͷ𣬸ҪѯʣȻ߾Ѿʧˡ
ֻܻ֮صţܵڵӰʱɽڵĵǶƴޣҲóȥȣɽڸ߲ο١
ʱҶһֱڳȻߣһֱɽˮһɾ£ңڡ
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һʵͶһֱĻᣬʱǶ̫Ҫˣһ˿һ˷ѡ
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ҶһḧųȻգĿ
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ҶӨεӣȥӣȻʱһƬ̺ıҶķ·ڻһ

ҶﷵݳǣصҶȣҶû̻ؼңȵ˹
͸¶һЩԶսϢ΢˼һµԶսĴҲ֪ҶһֱضħԨ֮£
ʱ䣬ԶսһرգγȥҪʱ䣬ʱӦûĵȥɣ
Ҷһµһ󵨵뷨֪Ƿͬ⣡


208 
ҶҶôһ˵ɵҲȤЦ˵޷
뿴ΡҶֵݸһϴСԲ
ҶǽӹҶϵԲһһʵĵ񣬲ʺһ㣬ɵһ㶡
漴ͷϱߵ·΢ϸһ£Ԫڡ
飡
һ죬ûȫѿֻǱһεסˣѳ򣬾ôڰУ·ڱըһ˲ֹͣһ㡣
ҶЩȵĿЩǿıըһͨ򣬾Ȼը佫ʵĺǿõģ
ҶЦǴĵõģСƳģ飬Ƴɹ
ҶЩ̾ĿҶ벻㻹ⷽ츳ȷʵУҿӦɣ
С׼ըҽԶս֮ǰԶħԨһϴҶ
Ҷǳһµ뷨ǲȴѶȣһ򣬶ϵĶħɲʲô˺
ڶǣҪķ£ǻԺܴĿ
ҶһֱֿħԨô꣬󲿷ֶ˷£óȻʧȥǿִ̣
ǺǣСǲ֪صˣȻһİգСôԼ˵ЦҶгЦ
Ŷ˵Ҷµ˵
˿һ㣬ĲֻͨķѣɱĲϣ߼ĶħҲһըһƬ
ҶҸġѡģֻԭʼģСӸոշµİ汾Ŀ
˵ҶͳһֽݸҶǣҶǽӹҶֽ򶨣һ𾪡
ֽϿ̻һΪӵķģȻҶǲʦһ۾ͿģԵƷĵı׼
ЩҶǸоʲôϾ̻ܿƷĵʦҲмġ
ҶǸе𾪵ǣҶŷģȻ̺໥ͻһһ
ԭҶɱԶɽ֮󣬺ȻУһһַĿ̻һȻжǿ
ڻ·ϣҶһ·˼ʮڳɹĽֽȻ෴һı̻һֽϡ
Ҷ΢ЩصģСΪԭѷĽװ棬Ҫԭǿʮڱڣٺ١
ҶϸֳһĨ˷ܵСӣģôҪʲô֧֣
ʣǼбж٣ܹٸҶʵ
Ҷǳһ£ЩյصǲֿĲϲֻ࣬ٸɣ
ҶһЩŵصɣôô٣
Ҷû뵽ټһҶȾȻôôϣòһŶȲϰɣ
Ҷ΢Щεصкܶ㲻Ҷ壬ˣһе˹ӦҲǿɱ¾ħĻ֣˶һƷ
Ҳ֪ԿħĲǺܶ࣬Ǵ֣һҩҩһЩؼˣ
Ҷ֪ԭҶһˣֲҶôϡ٣ԭòţŲȥ˷ѻֶһ
ҶΪʲôÿ϶ЯһöˣԭΪ˼¼֣˸һƷ˶һƷ
ˣԺǾ;һһЩϻɣԼҲȥ߹һЩԽԽáҶ
Уϻһûжһ´ȥȫһɲϡҶǵͷ
ˣľ̻ľͽˣĵʱҲҪа벽ֱ÷⡱Ҷ
Ҫ֪족Ϊǿը߲ڻ£Ҫǳ鷳ʹˡ
İɣЩᰲšҶЦһСɵһЦ
ҶεЦЦԼȷʵЩˣЦǾ͹ˣСȻȥˣ
ҶӹֱԼУȴҹ꺮ѩ塢ϷɺܿɽڣһѾȥħԨܳʱˡ
˵ǿҶȵĽȫУֻǵĻߣѾ೤ϼ
ÿλ˾˵ĻֻһһЩҩսּɱûͣЪ
Ҿ˵ǰѩɹͻ˻ߣһ˾Ȼնɱһͷ벽ħҶȡ
ЩϢҶͷһůʵοޱȡ
ȥĸ׵ʱ򣬷ֳҶ诺⣬ȻҶǳҲڡ
ҶǧѩŮ£˵ЦȻҶʱϲ
ȴ㻹֪һ߾һ£ǲǰﶼˣ
Ҷæ߹ҶǧѩЦôأҰѵˣҲܰ˰
СǲԶҶպҶĻ
ҶһΣʱһЦҶҶ诺ͷӵһ£ֱǵһڣʱŮ͸ˣҶǧѩ
ʱҶǳЩεصҶã
ҶʱҲЩΣŸȥˣ˶ˡ˼һʱˣˣ
ѽʲôʱܹһ㡱ҶǧѩЩε
ûµģҲʲôˣһźáҶǳ󷽵Ц
úãİɣҸȥߡ˵ŻҶߡ
ȻһҪ˵䡭ѽҶأȻһʹɵʹ
ҶǧѩҶ콥нԶ߻ҶǧѩôˣһûУʱȥʲô֣
ߺֻʣˣ߶ʱеΣҶǳ΢΢ЩȻصûӰ쵽ǰɣ
ûûСҶҶǳ֣Ҷ㲻ڵЩǳǣǵĺѣɲ۸˼Ŷ
ҶﲻɵùЦôаɣֲɹϲԵĶ
˵Ҷｫݳǹ򵽵һЩϡŹֵʳȡ˱߳Աģһ˵Цһ¾Ͷ
Ҷû뵽ǣΪҶȵһŮҶǳȻǳ˵٣żҶ￴һۣ̾ͻ졣
һҶŷߵ鶼æĲˣҴȥɣ
ԭһЦķɫʱԵЩȻҶæʵôˣ㲻ؼҿ𣿡
ʱˮͬߵ飬ʵҶ磬㲻Ҫ𣿡
Ҷһ㶣ѾͷԼˣҶͳһظˮȥôأֻǴȥӰ黹ǣ
ҵĺҾ㲻ҪԼҲ᲻Ҫ㰡
ΪЦЩ˼ĲᣬǵҶ诺ҶǳһЦ
Ҷ￴ǰЩ绨Ŀ˶ǣҶһп࣬ΪʲôæһΪʲôͲܰĹء


209 ɱ
ݳ֯ƣ߼߱ضǣʼ֣ҲǾȺд
ڳһĵشһģĽ̾ռʮһԲνǰһߴʮɵϣɷдš٤С
٤еܲ٤ʵۺ񣬼ݳǵҵ
٤еĴǰһ꣬һŮǸճڴſʱλòŮдӭ˹һ˹صʶλҪƷƷ
ˣһиصµˡҶ
Ҹִ°Ϣ£ִ֪ͨ£֪ôƺŮдòʵ
Ҷ
Ůдæرȥˣ˽Ҷһż䣬ϲˮ㡣
Ҷһ֣٤лǸߵǼ
Ҷո£һϲĴСˣ
صһϲĿҶȻû뵽Ҷô
ҶЦҲͶҪˮƯˣ
ص¶ʱεЦЦûػҶͿżɽصȷʵҪ̸
һᵽ⡱ص¶ʱһʵ֪ʲôطҪ°æ
ҶЦЦ˾ǻ˵ǸǮȴ˸оǷһ㡣
ҪίҲɹһЩ⻹һҪίǴΪ
ҪɹЩû⣬֪ɹЩʲôصʵ
һЩܹ챦ĲϣԽԽáҶ
챦ĲϣǺϡȱûʲô⣬ҾǵĲ̫̫࣬صСĵ
˼ί˵˾ҶûôǮҶЦͷİչͺˣʽ𣬾ʹĶ۰ɣ
Ҷ˵ȡһƿֱӶص£صһѽӹƿǣһԲԲĹӳǰ

صһƿӸˤˣôҲǿߣӦ㹻졣
פա
صЩѵ֣ŵĿöֻڴ˵еĹӡ
ӦòᵣҵǮ˰ɡҶЦ
ˣˣöפչ϶һۣٶ϶ˡصһĵ
Ǿͺã¾ͽˣһ¾ˡҶ
ȵȣ
ˣŵù㡱ҶЦ˵ŷת뿪٤С
ҶȥıӰصǰٸнû뵽Ҷֻһ棬
٤ڲһڣۼʮߣеĿⶼöССĹӡ
ûǴ˵еפչһϵüݶ˵ߣСĽԼļ©纬ĵ
ȫ˶һΪ׵һ׷ߣΪߣѾﵽ˰벽
Ÿصµôöפչ㣬û򣿡
ǵģˡص¹ĵ
ԱߵȫһһתȻûҪǺβ
Ȼû˵Ļ˼ѾǳˣϾƱģοֵǵפչ
ǰ׷ҡͷɣˣǽޱ鲻ο˼ҸôĽפչӽǣûк֣
ǡЩġ
ûпǣͷ֪ͨλ棬ʮش򲻿ɴ⡣
Ҫٰһκ䶯ݵᣬ󣬲ˮǴ󶼹׬ˣ
ǰ׷ߣǰפչ·Ѿ٤ɽ˺ĵĳ档

Ҷ֪٤ڲһУȷʵ٤кڵפչ
ȥǱ˵ĶѾˣ˭ҪǸĶֻ»ḶĴۡ
פչϻһЩĸ׵һҲͳȥˣϴҶѧˣֱӽפչեɹ֭ĸ׺ˣûκβ
ԼĸףҶҡҡͷһӦó
Ҷŷݳת˰죬Ĵ棬ŮȻʲôʣĿĲѡ
ҶﲻھΣԼߵĺ֪ǣô㣬ǵԸô򵥣Լȴһһǡ
һ¥˼Сˣ͸Զķ羰˵ЦʱشЦò˹עͬʱò㵹
һپ㷹󣬶ݳΨһһݼʴ󣬽ʮĴͷã˴
Ŵһ󲨶ҶΧľһ䣬һҶֵҸо˼ҵϢҵļһﲻԶ
˳˴󣬶ʱսɷãҶа꣬˫շѡ
շѱݱ˲٣ֻʮңҶһ㶣ѵ۱ݱˡ
ҶŷҪ߳󣬷ɫһ䣬ʼͣز
Ҷ˳ŷĿ⿴ȥҲһƬ䣬ֻһУʮŮһһ־Ŀߡ
ʮѺˣǶ߼Ϊͷһ꺺ӣȴǻʼ۷塣
ԭؼǴˣɵЦԳɷɣξȻһץôడ
ǸʼǿȻϤЦⶼǰĳǳץģֻǸȶѣ̲ˮ
ֻôһôࡱǸŮĵ
˵ҵһС䣬պüһȺԣͲ׽ˣʵǽԳɷɵĻЦ
ǵ̸ʱ򣬸ôûע⵽ԶҶߣһͷҵŮڲ
Ҷ֮ǰ÷Լһͷжӷ㡣
Ǽ໥̸ڼ䣬һ㶼ûע⵽һɱĿǡ
׼˵ԳɷɵǮʵ
󵱼ҵ˵εĶݣǱߵ˳£һüǮԳɷ˽򿪣ЩŮ
ЩǣΧˣ˫۳˷ߺ޺Ϳ־壬һ˿ġ
׼ѹЩ봫ʱһǸ
ۣ
һ֧ʸһ׳ؿڣԭǸ׳һŮ³ץŮͷҪ
ȻĿһʹȻʧȥʶ˵ϣĵΧ˵ľ
ֻԶһ꣬ĿǣһȣͷңݵŮֳһѳȻǸʸġ
ǼԳɷɶʱ󾪣ԳɷɶŷŭºˣΪɱӣ
ժ¶ңһͷ䣬©գĿ֮ɱ
ȺǶʱһΪϳˣǵˣˡ
ҶԷͣͷŭɣҪˣҪɱ¾㾡ֵܷȥɱɣ
мĶҶһͷ춯˶ûĶһѺԱбһ䴩
쵰Գɷɴŭֳһѳŷն䡣


210 
۷һչɣЩǰǣ׷𿪡
ĵŷն䣬ҶҪֻ֣Ҷ磬˽ңҪɱȺ
裬üϲ˱˪ǰЩ˷ӣ޵˹Щ꣬Լʱ
ãҶѾˡ
Գɷɵĳųӭȥһ۷ΪסԳɷɵһ
Ҷ۾һУĵװһһɾжȥԳɷɳϵĴ󲿷
ԭóķȵؽס˻۷һ
ԳɷһڳϣʱоԼһ޻һ㣬һӲѹҪ
Ҫ׼֮ʱȻͫһһƿֱ֮Լ̫Ѩ
֮ʱǵ漸Ѿ̫ѨˣԳɷд󺧡
ȫϲǰȥֻΪŮȻ˿ٺһαˡ
һ͡һѪԳɷȻҪѨǶͷȴһɼǵĿӣѪףΪɭֲ
ֳϳһ֧ʸʸѪ䣬ԳɷſϮԼȻһ֧ʸ
Գɷ˺󣬷һЦּʸָһתһĻߣڹ֮ϡ
ݣ
Ķλðʱ䣬˷ӦʱʸѾԳɷɵš
Գɷŭһ϶ųһӣԺܹ֮һûҹĿڡ
һʹһ֧ʸͬħһ㣬ֱӴ͸壬һѪꡣ
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ЩѺǿߣͷ춼ɱˣʱңʼĴɱ
ܵٿ죬Ҳ첻ļʸһͷƤĲҽУǷ׷м
գۼһȺ˾ͱôɱĸɸɾǼػɵˣ˵
˶Ѿ𳤹ȺŮһԽʲô
κЩŮǷһ˫ۿȵĿҶ
ȺҶǰҶ磬˵мС飬ץˣڻҸ˵õģǾǳģ
һֻʮŮȴѾͤͤ͵һӣЩӵص磬ˣȾЩɣ
˵껰ֻ۾ѾˮҶᶨصİɣһǾȳģ
Ҷ˵껰۾Ŀ⼸Ǽʱ󾪣æ˼ֵص¸ûϵֻشѣ
㣬ںδ
⣬΢ǧһȣڡæ
лˣ뼸λȲ衱Ҷ˵Ӹҡ
ǼʱϲҿǶʮңһҲ׬ôࡣ
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ôҶתͷʵ
ҪȥѰ鷳ǸСʵ
ҶͷƲֹ鷳ô򵥣ҪѪɺˡ
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Ҷ΢һ˵ֻһǿ߶ѣǷӸһңŷһȺ꣬ʷȸıֱȥ
ʷȸȻѾףѾԶԶﲻҶҪˣҶ׼Щ󣬾ͽŹɽ֡
Ҳ֪Ⱥ˵ʲôǶһݵĿҶ
Ҷ￴һСһǣȻŮ쳣ϧ˾Ȼǵɻɱӱ䡣
ǧ·ʷȸȫ֮£Ƭ̼ԶԶؾͿһɽȡ
ɽһƬǷǳĲһƬﻧҶһЦ˰Ҳˡ
ҶԶԶŲҪȥЩӣҶֱɽȶȥ
ۺöа갡ҶþûӲˣϽأҿˡҶԺо͵
Ҷսɽȣʮɷһ׳ӭҶǺΡ
ۣ
һǰʮ󺺣ȫնأҶŲͣǰߡ
ͬʱʶɢɽн䶼̽һ飬ȻһһڣĸŮһ
Ҷһ䣬ֳ齣ôҡڵرȥ
Ϯ
֪˭ɤӴһ󺺷׷׳ԼסҶ﹥
ҶɨһЩˣ¶һĨȺ˹⿴֪һȺˣüݣ۳ǣһȺɱ֮ˡ
Ҷ齣裬ͬȺȺΪҲŻ߶ѣܵסҶ
һ·϶ϱ۲ʱطɳ漫ΪѪȣȵҶɱοڵʱ򣬵Ѿʬپߡ
һδն飬ΣκֱұȥֱӵһΣֽ˨նϡ
λŮصɣҴǻؼң
λŮһЩŵĿҶԸоҶ⡣
ŮվҶֽϵļ򿪣ȥ
Ҷ˵ηѾǺѹѹһƬˣ൱׳ۡ
λŮһţͼôɷˣֳǣʱɫҰס
Ҷһ֣ʮ齣ĸŮסϰգŷķȥ
ŮԼʱһǷЩƷޱȵĳȴǣ㰲
Ǳ͵ʷȸıʱЩŮǣһ漴Ǳһʧʹޡ
һ԰οǣһҶСŮЩĵص㣬ôϿɣ̫˻Σյģ
ǸСŮϸһĨЦݣҶһĵˣɴݵĿ֮ȫǳݡ
İɣԶʧܵģ
Щ˼Ҷﵱô˵棬ȻΪôŵİߡ
ʱ˴ĸʼǿ߷𣬾Ҫȥץ
ǸոշֻһЩʼǿһ㷴Ӧüͱնء
ĸ߷𣬱ɰ˽أѪգһӽסˡ
Ƿ׷˼ȫǿ־֮ɫҶȶħҪ¡
ΪҶɱڣһ仰Ҳû˵ɱλߣƤһ£ôݣôᣬôȻͷ·ֻɱ˼ֻ΢һ㡣
Сӣеʵ͸ҿһ䣬ӰڵĳҶǰ


211 ħ
Сӣеʵ͸ҿһ߳Ҷǰ
˶ʮ£һΪѾﵽ˰벽һһĿİ̺ۡ
Ǹ̺۸һֻ۾ǿν۾ֻһĿӶղŭ˷
Ҷؿһ۵ΪʲôҪ׽֮ˣ
Сӣ飬ֲһëСӲ֣ɱôˣǵĵԼɡǸһɭɭĵ
˵껰һԶʷȸߵһʹһɫ߶ʱ⣬Ǳ߷ȥ
飡
ոշɳһӰǰһȭͷؿڣ޴ҳأѪ׷ɡ
±˶ˣǸ߶Ĳţһ벽ôһȭ
ͨڵϣǸҲ·ͷҵͷۻ
ҶҲһ㶣ϴθǺ֮սһֱκβףΪԼǲС
ͨͨһȭͽһλ벽ĴҶԼһ
Ǹߺһ˶һۣҲͷֱɱ
ҶǸֳһĨһסһ벽Ҳϻһȭȥ
˼ҶסԼеùæȡһöܣԼǰ
ҶһЦ㵱Ҳڹӣ
飡
öܶʱķѣЧû𵽣ͱҶһȭؿڣʱķѣ
Ǹ߼ҶȥһߣжʱһӼɱ
Ȼûаף΢΢һͷԼЩ죬۾һԼ±һͷٿ񱼡
һ㶣Ǹôô죬оԼһģһȻͻɢķ֣Ǹġ
һͷһֳԶ񱼣ֱɳɺ󣬲Żȥ
ͨͨ촫Ǹߵ壬Զɽ֮С
ԭҶ齣λŮͻʷȸ󣬾ͰнܣڿУΪ˷ֹܡ
Ҫ˵ǸҲǵùҪһ·ɱͿŵǰѽƫƫҪעҶߵĶ
ҶȻ齣ڿ֮УǸ߰벽Ϊ齣Ǻѵ¡
ϧȫ񶼷ҶϣӲײ齣֮ϣʱ齣гء
Ǹ߶ˣ±ߵİȫ־ˣһʼĴɱ
ҶޱĿһ±ߣ˫ֽӡһٶɵȭͷڰգ±ߺݺȥ
䣡
ɽֲӿǱ˴ˣ߻ǻߣ׷ױ⡣

Щۼܲ׷׷ʵŭ𣬵ɸı䲻˱Ľ֡
ȻҶʶڣһ󲨶һֱҶʶڵħһҽˣ
Ҷһ㶣һʶҶ﷢ԭֻСŮģħ˲٣а˾ģ
Ҷ֣ħһ˷ܵ˹Ҷﻶ磬ҽˣҽˣ
ʱħһõСŮһ˫۾˷ܵĿҶҶǸ˿־Ķħ
ҶЦϲ㣡
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ˣǸǺأҶ￴һۿռ䣬ûǺꡣ
ǰڳܲˣɢˣȻ֪ʲôԭһˡħЩɻĵ
Ҷһ֪ǾĹǾԲŹκζ꣬˷ѾԲķ
Ҷ￴ǰħЩìܣħΣյģԭӦñ
ĳɳٶ̫죬ԺпܻᳬҶƿأǸʱܾͻһѡ
ħҶһ۵ǲԺẦ㣬ɣҰԼ꽻ôӡҾͳ˴ūԶܷ磬Ϳ԰ˣ
˵껰ħɿԼֻҪʱҶϱһ˿ӡǣôͿԶƿħõˡ
ΪһӡǣħԺǿֻҪҶһͻҷ
Ҷԥһ£ûԼ꣬һħС㻹û֣ԺͽСɣ
õģϿӡɣӺСĻġСЩĵȻά״̬ࡣ
Ҷһӣһ͵Сرգܾӡ
磿СЩɻĿҶ
ҶСа׵һڱһʹ࣬С죬ѡ㣬㼴ʹһǿˣҲᱳң
磬СħħΣգթĴڣôңСЩĿҶ
Ҷû˵ǳᶨĶСһͷ
硱Сһ˵ҶĻУޣͬõˮ䡣
ħ᣿ôܣħǲиġľҶԺС
ûʲôܣＫطļ»ааļ»ҶԺлӦ
˵Ľ̸ɾţСһ㶼һµҶҾвͻʬ޴棬ҽɱɣ󻼣
ңȻҲ̫˽㣬Ҿ˭޷ı䣬ҪǸҸ㷭ҶԺɫĵ
κ󣬾̾Ϣһ֮ǰ˶һˣȥɣ
Ӧ˲ٲֶʱĲ٣ᰲοС켸ʵС죬ˣʲô𣿡
ȻˡһᵽСЩ˷ܵصǿѹƱ˵꣬ҾͿƿһˣ˾Կ
ģҶϲ̫ˣСһһæ
İɣֻҪǴ飬С顱ҶЦõǣСȻڳһС˵ļƣǳ塣
Ҷ˳ʶǰѾԼһɽȣһЦѵҪ±ߵһ𣿡
±һƬҶָһ㣬һ齣ֱӱ´ȥ
飡
һ죬ѿһɫӰӵֻһ֣˿ݡ
Щ̫˰ɣѾ㸲ϷֻǵĿϯϣ޳ԹΪοơЩŭǿϢȻѾﵽ
ҶЦ˵Щһ𣿶ħˣ
ҶĻʱһ𣬲ǿ򶨵صʲô˼
ҶﲻмصļһɱһϵϢָƣǰͷϵժ˰ɣҿͷϵĽǲҲ
Сӣһģû뵽Ȼ֪ܣôֻµˣ
֪Ѿû취ȥЦһһǿƱ˲佫Ҷ


212 ɫ
֪Ѿû취ˣЦһһǿƱҶ
˽ԼҶ΢΢һЦֻˣҿĿ˰ɣ
ͳȫ㣬ǰ˵һö¶Լݡ
ֻݳø߷ƣǸǰʹͬ۾ͫ׵ģֻͫϸţ綾һ㡣
ͷëϣֻ¶ȵʹ̲١
ޱȣֵߣݳʾ״ҶЩصó󣡡
ȥ˶ʱŭһȭҶ
Ȼȭͷոջ͵ҶţȻʹ˿ռ֮˹ľ롣
Ҷͷ΢һƫع˵һȭһ߳
飡
ؿڣ˶ʱһɴײɣֱڴϣضʱҳһοӶ
һ𾪵شӵ·ɳҶôôǿѵҲħ壿
ôħͷôѿ𣿡Ҷŭȭͷ˹ȥ
飡
˶ʱҵǱʹħǿطʹˣɱҵĿ಻ԣֵĻᶼûС
ʱ˱ҵһϢڵϣϵĹͷˡ
Ҷؿһۣ˵סĺһץ
ʶڵСС죬ռ꣡
СӦһֻһҶü˵ʶڡ
˶ʱһƬ̺󿪿ڵɹˣ
ҶһЦɿ֣СٿŶħ嶯˼£Ĳֺ
ҶСٿŶħ壬һЩȵĶɵһ񺮡
ˣС죬鿴ļ䣬ʲôֵĶСİЩԼˡ
ȻĹСѾ˵ļ䷭һ飬ٶ졣
˽дǱϱ֯ŵģָʹЩȥ׽ꡣ
ǾĿģԼҲ֪ħﾭӪϰ꣬ģһֱĻݡ
ڴ۹ǳƣΪʲôҪ׽أһҶ벻ͨ
ӷĿе֪֮һ෢κγԹҶѽĵط
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ͨСھŵΪӴĴܴڣĴܣͬһͷǿĶħ
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Ҷһܣ͸оһͷƤ飬𵱳ɽڣǸص棬һָǧ˵ĳĴܣԲܹǵġ
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УҪУҸ㣬ǿߣô׶Ըʮа˾ŻСϡЩ̵ĵ
Ҷ˾ĻʱˣȻЩףǾԲẦԼ
Ȼ˵˾һǾûʲôϣˣֻܽеĲѹ¡
ҶЩ²ߣСͻȻ磬һУǸһȥ͵ɣ
Ҷʱ۾һ
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ҶĴһôıСֻµãҲߣһҲżζѡ
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źܴ֪ϡΪʱųһΣȡԴ
ȻܶŲпܴɫѣŵĿڷܽ͸¶㡣
ڼǿ˭ҲóȻȥɫѵ⣬ֻҧԴȡ
Ҷﲻɵ·ߺޣðײ˶ˣһħƾʲôԴ
ָСһ¹ŵҶﾪϲǣǸħ뿪ţҲֻ壬óȻ¶档
Ϊһ¶棬ױ¶ԼħݣҶ۾һתһЩɫѵλãȵȡ
Ҷһҧˡ
ҶʷȸߣһĿҶЩŮǣۼҶһֽЩ׽ǵĻȫɱ
ҶԴЦЦҲ̽һߵĵͼһֱϷɣʷȸٶȣʮ󣬾ͿԵأ
Ҷʱһ磬㲻һȥ𣿡
Ҷظŷ㷢Ҳ̽һЩЩԸıҪȥһ¡Ƿǳǿ±ǣߣҰϾ
ȻôΣգͲҪȥˡټҶô֣أЩĵ
İɣֲǸƴαֻصϢԺˡҶķ簲ο
ҶѾͨСĽ֪ȥһ·ûʲôգŷǵ·
ķȻֻ۷壬Ǿ벽ԱӦҲûʲô⡣
ĿͷȥҶСٿǸħʧãã֮С

ŴһƬɽ֮УƼΪΣƽʱٸ
Ŵ֮ǰȫں֮еˣҶС졣
յſڣǰСһ仰˵ӻͳһơ
Щ˷׷׹ڵأСֺĴҶɽţɽ֮һ·˼̲顣
ȻСеȨ˼Ʒ׷׹ӭӣҶһѱ˹ݵ١
СҶʮϸĺĵӣϵͽޣаԥ
˾һɽ·һɽǰȻ벽ǿػš
Ҷһϲܹɰ벽ְţǼΪҪĴڣɫѵ湦ЧҶͷһƬȡ
סȥ·СֱȡƵȡ
ԭСƵͷħÿȡһҺպǵȡʱ䡣
ʹˣһֻһ˽룬⡭ЩΪѵĿҶ
Сɫһ䡰ľ𣿡
С콫һã©Լħò˫۱Ŀˡ
˶ʱŵСһŴ򿪣
ǣ
ҲҴԹţһ֨죬Ż򿪡
Ҷһ֣ɫˡ


213 
һ֨죬Ż򿪣СҶ˴ҡڵĽ档
һİͨ˴Űʱ䣬һµ̨ף̨ףֳһнƵš
С콫еᰴڴϣŻ򿪣һҡ
˽Һӳһֻ߶ߵͭιӴ͸¶ŲɣϢ
һļ䣬һ̺ռ֮ɴСǿŵ֮֮һ
ɫѾ棬ǱǸħ˽ƣ޷ȡƾƿȡһΣ
С콫ڶǰǰͭ΢΢һһδŨˮڰС
ҶŵǹоˬԪſתҪǷþԿԿΪ
ҶҶϰ¾һʽΪͻὫԼĸճ覴ã״
Ȼã˿԰ȥĻҲһʼĲƸ
˼ôͿɫѷ¸½𵰵ĸ
ҶȡһƿǵɫҺʵСܲܰɫѣ͵
磬ħܽƻ˵ȡɫѣħô꣬ϢͨһͻᱻħӦСЩΪѵĵ
ϼһﻹأҲǣ˭ôǿı˯ȣ͵ǡ
Ҷڿһ£ڣʲôҲ壬ʶ̽ȥŷһֻ¹״壬Լߣڶм䡣
ٿ±ߣҶӵɳС붦ɫҺǧΡ
Ҷһ¿ˮЩɶǱҪǱõԿں̵ܶʱڣԼһ֧ǿľ
ħ˲ţÿųһɫҺɫҺгϹӦ޼ۡ
ԼȴôҶ۾ͭӶҪˡ
֪һа취ԲԡҶԺеľ
УһͻᱻǸħɺӳƿطΧѵ
ðҲֵãɣߡҶһƬ˷ܵ
С죬ѾûˣɡҶ˵꣬С컯һ⣬ֱӻصҶʶС
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ˣӡĻ䣬ҶѾɱձһŭ𡰺η󱲣ŵ
Ҷձţԭشŵλ벽ǿߣʱŭһҶ
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ɳһɲǣֻ޴£λ벽ǿߣͬפصĴɽĳۡ
Ҷ￴亹ðˣʵ̫ǿˣѾԼ
ԴȻ𾪣Ƕ˿ͣٶ˼ޣ˻һ⼱ǰӡ
ף
һȵȻû뵽ԼһȻա
СӲġǸһЦſռҶǰһȭͷԼ
ȭͷļƣȻȸղǸ󣬻ԶֲϢѹ
ҶǼʶܵĿֲǿǰһǸƣЬ䡣
һȭȴҶ˾ƿȭͷԼٶƱҪ
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ֻӲӣֲȭͷɣôֻˡ
Ҷһҧٰ齣ҶǰҶһȡ
ٰ齣һγһʮɳľ޽ںһ𣬾޽һ磬ǰնȥ
ն
ۣ
ǸȭͷʱնҶ˳ŷ϶ǰٱ
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ٰ齣Ҷлˣ༸ʮ꣬һҹصǰ
Ҷ۵ķ·ڵѪû취̫ˣڵܹӦ˵ġ
ʱҶǰһ󲨶Ҷﲻǲͣʹȫһħ
ҶȫһȫԲﶼǻ
ħ
ħ
ħ
ҶĽкԴһҶǰγɵһǽҲΪ֮һ
ȻܵҶӰ죬ʧȥԭӦеǿȣҶҪľЧ
ƽǹ֣һǹǰָƽ죬볤ǹһˮƽߡ
˼תһ꣬Ǹǽײȥ
ۣ
ʮɵǽڣҶһǽڣҶɱ
쵰ɶǸһʵŭ
Ҷ·̣ԼѾӳǧ֮ˣѾĹΧˣͷһʯͷء
ĹҶһ£ȻһĴڣʵҡ
տʼһƣֱӰһɽĳۣҶĿǰǿᣬٻ˰սУҲҪˡ
Ҷ󰵽ոս׶Σֲֻܾɻƽɫ޷ٻƽս
ͨνѵҶ֪սѾԼҪˣӿ̡
ǸͭҶ˷ޱȣǸ̺ռ֮Ҳ˵ĶˣԺħޣֻֻĳԣһһŪ
Ҷ㽵ʱһŭҶղŵĴҪ
޳ܵɫѺͳͭϷϷλͬ˭ɱˣ͹˭У
ħĻ쳹ʮǿ߶ˣһը˹
ϷѾڴӡǣλȡ׷ƣ˭ܵõͿλˣ
ҶЩʱͣħôݡ


214 ħ
ŵһ߹ɣͷϵǽһ߳⡣
ǿΪߵλħǿߣΪ衣
Ǹħҧгݵص쵰޲ýʬΣ
һλħǿߵˣǾӪƿصԴĲȥ׷𣿡
ħѹеŭΧЩ۲ǵıһɵҵʵһһֱҲڣҪ΢¶ͷϾͻᱻȺ
Ǹ쵰ǿǵ㣬Ÿȡֻû뵽Ȼô뱦⣬Ҳ
һλħǿߣ̽ʵˣôڸô죿
ô죬ֻܷݵˣûеɫѣֻȻܲ
ǸսΪ̬һɱʬأɱˣЩҲΪ˱ɱҲǳһħЦ
棬žӢȡơһŵӵ
ħ΢΢һЦ©һȦһݵǣһһöҪôУ

˵һʼڵСӣȻǱţȡɫѣ
˵ֹɫѣһͭһ̫ˣ
СͱˣϴӡǣžӢĴأ
˵ķԺѪɱšѪ⼸ŶоӢӲˣ
Ҵ˵ϷʥҲˣȻƲİ߸ϵʥأȻҲˣ
Ҳȥģô룬õҲǱŪûˣ
ҲͿ־ˣ룿ë룿˼ҿǳĶǰ벽ǿߣҲкü


ҶħĽкʱòϼһȻҪ赶ɱˣɫıûмܹסջ
˵Ѿɫۺ첻ѣħĻպø˳ĶᱦᣬܷŹŹ֡
ܲܰϵӡȥ
ȻԼûо쵽ҶǸħûҪŻԼһĴ˵һ¸ǺʲôģѴ֮
ܣҶ귽Ϊ
ҶȻС죬һ߷ɱһʵС죬а취𣿡
ҶʶСҪش𣬺ȻͣһµĿǰԸµӡǣ
С˵ЩЩ죬Ҷһ·񱼣ûע⵽Сı顣
ðɣȻˣٺ٣˭ҪӶľɡҶһݣһЦ
м䣬ȻǰʮӰסҶȥ·Ҷﲻɵһͣİô죡
ʮһǰ벽Ķǻʼǿߣ벽һöƣһϲĿҶ
ãȻһҵˣСӣϽɫѺͭ㲻벽Ҷ񿴵һһ㡣
ҶﲻЦҲҳ٣Լܴеƨ룬Ҳ뵽Լʵʲôӡ
Ҷûлش⣬ָϵƵ͵ģ
͵ģƨԵӻһģ㣬һжֵˣϻϽ벽ǿߵ
ҶҡͷһֻҴٱˣ˴Һܲϰߣ
ʲô߰ϣɱҹζࡱ벽ǿߣʱȡҶɱ
һ£ȫҪҶзʬ
ϾѰҶ̫ˣԽ絽־Խȫȫ֣ҶҪк
ͣ
һ죬벽ǿ⣬˶նء
벽ǿߣһӣĳӶⷭһֵĿҶ
ҶԨ䣬ȻЩɱԼôԼɱûаֹˡ
㡭ɱˣˡ벽ǿߣȻ£ɿŵ
Ҷø̵µ˷ϻֱһն벽ǿߵͷأ֮ʱлһƬãȻ
Ȼû뵽ȻѾԼĿɽȻ˸ɱֻܴʣȥһ˼ˡ
һնɱûͣǰɱЩ˵ĿռָһϣûǸʱ䡣
ȻҶţǲԸôඥļ룬ԼǿҲ޷ô˿⡣
ǰҪϿ壬һоͶȫˣ·ÿһ˿Ͷһ˿ʡ
ȻǰӰ֣ҶǱǰǲ˸ɴ࣬һԾɱ
Ҷﳤ裬ۡϣЩֻлʼΪǣ׷ױնɱ
һſͷ߸߷ѪֱɸߣȵͷصʱҶӰѾʧ

ղ˵ǸΪߣսΪ뺷
ǰ˵Ѿкüʮ˱նɱлкüǰ벽
ѹƾŻʼڵΪܹɫѺͭǼð
Ҳ˶ˣ˵ľӢѾˣţ
ٺ٣ŰɣҪ˶ãǸ߾ҪʬҰˣɱ˲ٴˣ

ۣ
ԨĽ棬һλ벽ǿߵĲӣһѪꡣ
ΪΪʳôƴ׷ɱң
ѾҶĵʮһɱˣЩ˶ǼҶ־ɱ
ҶҲǺ飬һ·ɱڣڸղһ߶ģҶûɱ
û뵽ϼλ벽׷ɱҶаŭԺҶҲû֣ǶԼֵģһڶ
Ȼɱ˶ᱦ˼Ҫбɱľһ·Ҳնɱϰˡ
ȻǰסҶȥ·ϢǿᣬҶǳᣬֻжʮͷӡ
Ѿǰ벽ǿߣһӣΪﵽ
ǸǿߣؿҶһ۵ɫѺͭްɣ
Ҷﱻˣöװưһ仰ɱҶб۾һˣмصӣҹԴҲи޶Ȱɣ
Ǹǿɫһ˫۲ɱɱĵӣޣѾĶˣȻ飬ô֪ʲô
ЦҪɱ˶ᱦһܷҾôʵʵıɱҶ
ȷѡǸǿص
ոȥЩв˵ʲôҶһ̫ˡ
ҶһǺţԺסǧҪǰţ
гżնȥǸǿ߶ʱŭҶ֣
ȥɡҶһԨâţȥƸӾ
һ·ռ䶼ˣǸǿɫһ䣬ܵ˴̹ǵĺ⡣


215 ׷ɱ
һָߵλ벽ǿ߶˽ǹ治ɵɱ⣬
æȡֵһ
ۣ
ˣ벽ǿߣʱնɱ
ǸǿߣҶһնϣһ𻨣ֻǱ˼ɫЩ԰ȴûˡ
Ҷһ˵ķô֮ߣ·ߣ¶һ˿׺󣬲Ǿһ
Ǹǿߣһ𾪵ĿҶ˫ȫǲš㡭Ȼɱĵӣ
ҶûشĻȻǶҪɱˣʲôýġ
Щˣ̫ɵˣҶôʱ䣬һμˡ
սϾȻΣҶֵʱǻ𾪣ҶȻҳ֣
쵰ˣȫҶˡǸǿߣһȡһѳҶն

ཻһǸǿ߶ʱһɴɣֱ˳ʮɲͣ¡
쵰ôǿ
ҶﳤһڣҲӻǸǿһ󼱹
Ҷо˵ʵսǳһ㣬ĻǺԶ
б׻еλܸߣһֻһ֡档
ҶĳƵæңȻһȭصؿڡ
Ǹǿ߶ʱɣȴûѪҶ´ϲȷ׾һ
أҶﳤһڣûзӦ֮ʣһնĲ֮ϡ
ͣ
Ǹǿ˲ͷңʱУһƬãȻ
ҶûЩֱֽĽָȡϵҲ
иоǳһͨ·һȴżΪǿķ
ҶЦŶŵϵʬллˣǣ

Ҷ뿪ãһȺǼǰľ󣬶ʱһ
ߵǸͷ­ϣϸһЩͳصˣСӱնɱҪͱˣ
߰ɣ˻ˮ˲ˡ˵һȺʧС
ǵ뿪һ𺳵ϢŴһ˼𶯡
찡ĶӱɱˣҪˣ
֪˭ɱģ˭¶ҪĿŭ𣡡
Ű裬ϸǳĻ̣¿ֿˣ

Ҷ˿֪ԼɱԲкӣȻôķ֪Ҳں
ɱ˼˺Ҷǰ񱼣ȻҲЩԣһնȥ

ĽһӰ֣еĳܿҶĹ
ҶǰһʮͷӣɫЩ԰ף۾ûа
벻ܲȻҵĴڣɫѣѪɱŵģ뿪Ǹĵ
Ҷ￴һӣоϢޣӦһطϵϢˡ
ҶﱼйʱʶȫɢûвĴڣֻе˶Լɱһɲǣ֪λá
Ѫɱݺպţͨɱ֮ƾŹĹʽԽսʵ
Ҫ־͸ϽɡҶﳤһָ˵
ʶ̧٣Ҳܹսɡ˵ǸԳƲܹӣһֱȡҶﲱ
ҶﳤһҶ벻ǣȻ˸գ䣬һĽ⼸ѾԼƤ
ÿҶﻹǵһôˣԼԡ
ͣ
һ죬Ҷĺۣһӣһ˵Ƥ
ܹһ㶣۾һ˿죬û뵽ԼôٶȣȻûܴҶ
ҶﲻҴ⣬һŲܹ湥ȥ˶ͨĹʽûз춯
ǶһͷСԷΪһôУͻὫԶ
ҶˣԼսܹ̫࣬ﵽһԼ
˶СĽĲܹǳ죬Ҷкüܹ˵ȴıܿˡ
ҶܹӳԾѾƴȫûҶ
Ҷž˵ԼܶιıɱһǰӦһ
˶˰ʱ䣬ܹ潥оͣһͺȣâȫ֮ڽ֡
ܹһ䣬Ҷѹʱȥǰ취ܹһȫ
ԪԶĵȫᱻҶһͺȣ˲ɻƽһ㡣
Ųܹĳܣһץס
ܹʱһҪ֪ԼѳȻҲƷеٮٮߣޱࡣ
ҶһץסȻãҪضᣬȻҶĳѾš
֮²ܹ漱æֺˣ񱦽ᣬܹ΢΢һţҪ֪Ϊһ󲿷ּڳϡ
Ҷһ˲ñ¶ԼˣһȭͷӰڰո֣Ųܹݺ䡣
飡
ܹոյֵҶһһѪӿûлعһɫȭͷؿڡ
꣡
ܹĿһӣɳһ㱻ɣӿ
ҶܹѾнûҪȥĽָժ£Ȼɫ΢΢һ䣬ʮǿϢٵ߱
ҶûٸҶһʧԭأ෴ķ򼲱
Ҷո뿪ʮ˾ͳЩ˿ǰľ󣬶Ǵһ
ܹ棡
ϳˣѪɱպžӢӣֻЩš
ܹڵϣǰһƬѪ飬Ѿ״̬ۼԶˡ
Ȼһܹ洩ͬεӳǰ˫ͨصʦ֣˭㺦ӣ
ܹѾǸ˵ĺȻӿһ㾫񣬿˵졭졭
˸æİɲʦ֣ǵ˺ܿˣɱ֣һʬΣ
ܹһ˿̼ӡӡ
˼ܹ漤ɵһʦ֣˵Ǹˣ
ܹ滹˵ʲôѾһգͷһͣϾ
˼ܹͷΪԼ¶ˣɵõʦ֣İɣǾԲߵģ
˵껰ܹʬŲܹ桰ͷķ׷ȥΪǲܹΪԼָķ
ԭ֮УΪһȺǿߵļ룬ɭֲжѪȵϢ
һЩеĽӡ͵ϵѪĿֲϢеһЩ涼ʼž
Ҷһ·񱼣еԨѾ֪ɱ˶ٸ֣ΪѾ˻߶죬Ϣǿࡣ
ҶȻֹͣ˱У̾һڻˡ


216 ɽۻ
˵ѪɱŵľӢӲܹ涼ɱˣѪɱҲҪˣ
ȺɱλˣǻΪ
ɲҲڻɣǲõȦװһôô
һǻȥɣ˳ⳡϷˣʱûҪȥֵ̫ˡѾʼùˡ
Ȼ˸߽СشţǸѾҵһڴΧסˣѾˣ
ʲôļٵġ˲š
ȻģķԺѪɱšѪ̵˶أƣµ߾Ӳˡĵĵ
ǻʲô̲ҲáЩùĵߣʱı⣬׷׳ָķɱȥ

һƬյϣҶﱻʮΧסǴ֣Ϣ纣ɢ˾ηĲ
ʮ⣬ǧɢǣۼһԶԶؿš
ΪǶ֪֮ЩڣʲôﶼûаҵĹϵ
ⲻֹǿֵ飬Լ̲ôű˴ɱɱҲĿ¡
üһĴˣǿݣ¾ǽĴܣסҲˣ
ٺ٣µҪùˣֻǲ֪ﵽ׻˭У
˭õ϶Ҫһսٺֿɲˣûһ
ǿݣķԺĸ̩Ľ磬Ѫɱŵһ򣬻гѪ̵ĶŽǸɵĶ֣
۷׷֮ʣһӣ۾ĿҶСӣɱ˸Ĺӣ
Ҷ￴һۣҡҡͷɱôˣ˭ǵô֣
ԶԶһ㶣һﻹǲȻô˵
ȻɱȻϿһ˿ף
Ŷˣ˵Ǹ׳հȷʵɱġҶһνĵ
㣬ȥˡ˵껰ֳֳ񱩵ƱԲʮڿռһ㡣
Ҷͷһݣǿƾݿռ֮ãӦôﵽڡ
ΪԽߣܵϢû취ô׼ˣһһ챻ΪڣĵΪڣߵΪڣϱΪ۷塣
ҶǰֵǳΪĻǺҲֻΪ֮ǰĽࡣ
Ҫ֪ΪﵽÿһΪ࣬ڸڣʵҪ
ҶҪ׼ӭս֮ʣȻ˳ס˽磬ʮͬƤǣû⣬ͬһɵĽʬһ㣬ϵϢΪǿ󣬲Ƚϰ֡
סԼʱŭһѪɱûгԹΪ£
ɱˣҵʦܹܲҲУ˵ҪҲӦֵ°ɡһõĵ
Ϊ𣿡ĵ
ΪǣǾǰɡһ̲ĵ
㡭Ҫ˵һ˽
¾λЩûҪ˽ձɣλΪƾڣܽΪеĻδҲ̫ˣ
һʮ£ݻ㿡ݵˣŶ˵ĵǳѪ̵ĶŽ
Žʲô˼翴ŶŽ
Žûʲô˼ҶǳˣûҪЩϷСϵıҸƾʵȥɣ
ŽĻԣǲʲôڣǧɣ˭ҲῴűװĿڴ
޳ɡһӹƵķԺĸ̩
Žи飬֪ǿϷɣ
˵һ
ҶͷˣҪǾһƽȶɣպĸˣֳ飬ʤ߿ƽϵı˭ѡʲôͿ˫ʵˡŽ
Ž˼⣬ҶŴɳƤˣɴʹһġ
ʤ󣬾ͿһһƽҶϵɫѺͭ
˭ɫѣͭͿǸԵԸˣѡɫѣôֻܿʵ˵ˡ
˶΢һ£ȷʵףȴպܶǰ⡣
ϾҶŴɣ˭ҲҶ˭֣Ŵս˭Ҳܲ
ҶĿɿڴ£˸Ĵڣʼץη顣
Ȼĸ˽ҶǸסҶﵹǺʶʶνĶսжǿ
Ҷװһ̬ȣǽз飬ܿɡ
ֱķԺĸ̩Ľ磬ѪɱŵһԳѪ̵ĶŽ
̩ͽˣɵУҶ￴һ£ĳ򶼴ﵽɡ
Ҷﲻ˵񻪹Լ˵ĻѵԼʮɵʲôܣ
Ϊ£Ҷ˾ûеõҪĴ𰸣Ϊһּ䱻ӡˡ
ȻǾʶڶԷʽǳϤ˶ûֿȭս
ȻѾ˸߿գ˼ײನɽѣԶֵˣоǿ񱩵
ǿ󣬲ǴɵĶӣ
Ϊ˼ͨһжӲסһɢǿߣЩ١
˵ʵ̫ǿˣעǲһˡ
ȭ޹⣬ԽԽǿ𽥲˵棬ǲòԶˡ
ҶҲæװϲҰף·ܲסǿֲѹʱᵹһ㡣
ЩҶǿǣɵ©һ˿ЦҲɱǿߣ
ҶﵹǲںǵıģĿϵսǵսȷʵЩǿ
е˾ʱļײʼóǿһʱ䳡Ӽҡ
ĽȻһüһƼʵǣͬʱ󱳳һӰŸ̩һȭ
飡
Ȼȫֵɱһȭɣͬʱһ˿Ѫ
̩һصȻˡ塯Ұܸ㲻ԩ
ˡȻʤˣҲֻǱȸ̩ǿһѣԲư
Զ˼ķԺĸ̩ȻĽ磬ɵ÷׷ۡ
˶ǰ콾绹Ǽһ
ȷʵȻˡ塯֮ͬУĶˣ
һϾҪʼˣ֪˭ӮһǶŽ
˵ڴУѪɱŵһͳѪ̵ĶŽɵ˰գ˶һۣûжķϻһֱӽսߡ
Ǹǰ˲ͬû̽ڣֱȫ֮䣬Էܡ
һϳȫʩΪ˴󿪴ϣҳ̶˿ѷɫǰˡ
ȻŽһȹ˼ٱ죬ȻѪһ㣬ս֮һܡ
Ѫ󡪡Ȼ˳Ѫ̵Ĳ֮أ
Զϳ˶ŽʽǳѪ̵֮ǿޱȡ
ŽӮһʤŽ֣Ҫɫѻͭ
ûȽػһƵǾͲˣڱ


217 Ϸʥ
ûȽػһƵǾͶˣڱ
ǸĵһȺ˳ڰգǵĵýͶŽɫ䡣
һжʮλǿߣǰһ˷òӢǺбüëƻṹ˸о˼ദ
֮ǰĻǴ˵λӣһȻĿˡ
ǵʮλӣϢǿ󣬾Ȼȫǰ벽
ݳ
ͷ𣬵ȴ͸¶ʺΣۿŵķôˡ
ԶֵǣԼͬҲ˾ȻҲϳȺˡ
찡ԭ˵ģϷʥĲˣ
ǰʶǸˣϷʥصĶ֡ݳ
˵˲ʵǿᣬӳ֣֮ͬδһܣ
ûÿˣ
Զ۷׷֮ʣһȻ֮ɫĽݳĿŽͶŽ˵Ȼϳ˱ǿԻȥˣѵҪҶ֣
ŽЩʵصϷʥһ߸ϣԴΪλҪЩСأ
Ҫ֪Ϸʥأǿʥʵۺĳ̶ԶԶЩ˵
ɫѺͭȻǶϷʥ˵Ⲣûжջ
ʵѾǿƥˣҪԼЩС̫۸ˡ
˶ŷĻݳһĳмصнǿΪ𣬱ﶼ߾֮Щûӵбģ
˶ԼڵٮٮߣǶǸ߸ϵĴڣƽʱųҲǿͿģӹɵŭӿ
¸¾ʥŮĶʮգͷûʲôɫѣ㲻Ѿˣ
ݳתͷ˵ҪǲǾͻǾ仰ʵΪҲһ
Ҳ۸㣬һϣֻҪܹУҽݳתߣ
ʲôŽͽɫһ䣬Ȼ˵ݳĴҪ˵ڻֱ֣ǿûˣǶǵӡ
ɣôţҶ￴ǿ׳ӣҲһƬ𾪡
ѵʥôǿһˣѹͬ׸֣
ԭҶΪѾˣǸǰ˱ɾС׼ˡ
Ҷϸо˼ѹ˵ݳȷʵŵʱҶﵹǺܸ˼ǻ
ŽͽŭӿƢٺõˣҲᱩŭοŵŵӡ
ȻҪͽֻ̣ʧˡŽһȭˣǿŭա
ȻŭӿǲòϣԼţ޷ʥȣʹսҲҶʥ֮
ĿƣЩţЩڴҲʶһʥظֵжǿ
˵սʥظ֣Щδǽݳղ˵󻰣ֻҪסоˡ
˾Բţݳܹл֣ܶʵ¾ڵˣδܹ쵽
ͶŽˣȻڵȴԼ֣ݳ¶Цȡ裡
ݳһ𲨶Ʈգ˵Ȼôͱҳ飡
ݳһһУ
һȣݳȭͷϸֳһɫȭףǸȭ׵ĳ֣ΧĿռ䶼ʼĲȶ
ǹɿֲϢû
ʥصôݳްһ־
еÿˣֱƲɵ
ŽͽݳʱɫһƬء
ݳʮֽ׼һȭ˺
ŽͽҲóԼľУһӰʹó˸ղŻֵܶġ壡
ŽҲҵ˲˺ɫͬĴϺʹ˳Ѫ󷨡
˶ʹ˵ƣȫһǰδеĸ߶ȣ˶ŽݳĹӭȥ
飡
ǿҵײΧһһ󾪺ֻӰǱɳʮɣǵס˽ݳһ
סˣȻסˣ
ͶŽŵĶţ
ʥţûд˵ô
Ǹˮɣ
ݳЩĿŶˣû뵽˾Ȼһıûб仯ֻЦһ
ڶУ
˵ϵȭͷͻȻûֲĸԲڵĿռ䶼ʼŤ
֮սĶŽͽˣʱоһɿֲϢһͷƤе顣
֪ղһݳûȫһ
Ѿûʱ˼ˣֲĹѾֻҧأͬʱӲݳ
飡
һ죬м仹Ӱڵһ㱻ɡ
Ͷŷɶˣɳײ棬̱ҳӡ
ۼ˶Ѿ˷ɳ֮ʱеֻʣ°أʾǵֵסݳֲĹ顣
ԶֵˣѪ̵Ȱڣһ𺳵Ŀš
Ȼ˱ˣǲ춯Ϸʥؿɲܹõġ
ʹݳɱˣҲʥصĵ̣û˸Ҳ
Ƭ̺󣬿ӵ׵Ķ˻飬ؿڸǱԼ˼ɼǵ˿ڡ
г˲ʣǲʵϣϣû취˭˼Ϸʥؾĵء
ʵľǽ磬Ҳһ˸СӣǸķС
Ǽ˿ףϽݳ㲻ʤ벻ڰܵôǱ
ۿҶҪ뽭ݳУԽݳİԵʮа˾Ҫ֮ΪУһʱ佫罫Ůȫʺ˸顣
£Ƿ˰ɡݳն±ǱĶˣȫǳ֮ɫ
˸ղų˽ݳȫһˣԪҲ˴룬Ѿǰ޷⽭ݳ
ֻѹеĲʣû취ڰ£òͷֻǽ绹Ĵһ˿ңŽݳһȭ
񹦸ҵȲɱҸĹӣϵĽ˿ף֪ܹһԭСܸϽ
ýʧǣݳһЦмصԼĶסˣʲôʸֻ
ݳûһѿĽ磬ҶصѱﶼѵҪȱԶ֣
Ǹƾһڶһ˵ͺҶｫ׸һҡ
Ҷܲˬб۾ŽݳЩʵҵĶΪʲôҪ㣿
ߣСԸҲΥԭֻһû뵽Ȼ֪ͼȥɣ
ݳһ䣬˻ҶƮԶԶһֻ֣ôҶĲץ
ǸӴݵľȥһֻ˿ûֻлΪҶ
žһ죬һӰɣȫʱһƬ


218 ֲ
ԭҶΪҶᱻһֻһݳҲôΪġ
Ҷһֻ֣ͽݳһܽӴ֮˶Ŵͣȫɵˡ
ǣͰҶﵱв͵Ľ硢ŽˣҲɵˡ
ǷԼ˴ӿʼڶˣˣ˾Ȼһֱز©һһֱڰϻ
뷨ԲȷҶﲻôΪҶȥֻһԸ뷨
ݳʮɣһֹסԼĵˣ˫һ㿴Ҷ
ʹʥأݳҲǸ߸ϵĴڣȻһΪϵļһݺݵسһ⣬һ۸ڶҲܲˡ
쵰ҪƤңļɱȮȥ
ŭĽݳҪˣȭͷϵȭգۼû죬Զ˶ֲܸܵĸ¡
һЩѪɱšĵӣݳѾ񣬸æԶٳˡ
ǿɲ뵱ùһݳŲ˳ۣ˳ָɱ˵ĵطûС
ҪֻһԶģȫĵطȥǷԲƬ̱һƬյأյֻ֮Ҷͽݳ
ԶֵǿűŭĽݳŷӦ֤ǿĲǻþ
ʥؾӢӣһССĻ߸һĶ⣬˵ȥ˭ţ
ݳŭˣǸղſľģ
껹ˣҲˡ˾ȻЩĽĵʥصһ⣬Ҳ˲õҫ
㻹Сĵɣݳ֪ҪŹ֣
ɶ˹Ҫܴһ⣬ҲֵˣؼûǸʵ
һЩ
Χ۷׷֮ʣݳѾߣҶһȭ
һȭ˿񱩵֮ǰܶŽͽ˻ҪǿĶ࣬ԶŶˣǰңԼǣûмݳս
ҶһȭͷȭͷûѾѹȿռ˿ҵĲһȭҶǿߵǿһ
Ҷ˫Ŀ֮ǿȣݳǿ󣬼Ҷĺʤ֮ģĶֺѵá
һȫƱֲڼ˱˰ɫ
ֱɰɫ˻ƽһ㣬һضųһӣŽݳȭͷȥ
˼ҶȻǿƣûüԾȭͷѾײһ
·һ±üžˣʧȥһ񱩵Ĺȭͷ֮
ֻ򲻶׳Ȼռҵؿʼѡ
ŹըسһӣȻٵ˲
һЩսЩĻʼǿߣ׷ױ񱩵ನ˷ɻңֲľͬһ㡣
߷Զ񱼣Щ˶ܲನ
ֻһЩսԶЩһЩ벽ϵǿߣӹһ٣һϰλ߱
֣ҲܰȥЩ̫ˣһЩɫҰףԶˣƺ㹻Զľ룬ҲܸǴһ˿ȫС
󳾰䶨Ӱְգɱȭͷײơ
찡̫̬˰ɣôǿĹ˾Ȼһ¶ûУ
̫̬ˣǸ꣬ǻ𣿡
˶֪˭һЩ
ӦǸһЩûǸȻɫˣǳֿȭ˽ݳһ
˵ĻǲŶһȻҶûκֻƾȭͷͽס˽ݳĹ
ͽֽ˶һǿ󵽺̶ֳȰ
Щԭɱ˶ᱦɢޣһ£ǻҶ
ޱңԼûҶԼͳΪһʬ壬˿Զ⣬Ҳпʬ嶼¡
̩硢һͶŽǺ¡
ǿĹԼ˶׸⣬ݳˣҲ֪жҪ
һʱǶԽݳԹޣ˸м˵Ӧֻ
ôܣһϵ㣬ôӵôǿݳˣһİˣȡ֮һƬ𾪡
Ҷ˦˦۵֣д񫣬þûô㾡ȫսˡ
ϣҪϣҲֻһֻ֮ܣһʥؾ͸С£ǰ׳աҶܲˬػӦ
쵰е㱾£ϣҿ㻹ܹӼĹݳһӶȭ׶Ҷٴ
һֻС󡣿
ҶڽݳĹܣҲһȭ񱩵˵ʽûκλڣȫʵʵӲƴ
ǿսನضˣµĴԽԽµȪˮӿ˳
һ½սĴγһԲĺԶս˼ֱ޷һС
̫ǿˣƾܿɽѵأ
ݳʵҲͰˣϾʥصĴˣǰԲС˭
ǰһİףڳ˼ݴ󲿷Ȼûһϵã
˭أûⳡսʵ̫ˣԺܴ󣡡
ϧЩõˣûţȴȥˣôʵĴս
ҶݳĴսһֱڼҽУ˫ԽսԽ£Ҷһȭ͹һȭ
һɬĿҶǿˣһƬںޣ֪˺αص
񱦱ûеõһһôྫӢӣνʧأûԵһɧ
ķԺѪɱźͳѪ̵ɵˣҲȽö٣Լ¾ӢӣҲʧ
ѪĻѪɱţǸܹһĵӣס졭͡ӡԭһϳɴʣǸϿ
⼸׷ɱѪɱŵļʮӣӽɽ׵ˣǴҲ˵׼ܴײ
飡
ҶдһڽݳɣҶһѹˣӵĽݳ
ҶƲˣ˫ȭһ㣬Žݳһ͹
ôʱĹݳһµʵҶڵԪֱ纣
ȫսʱҶϢûа٣ȴˡ
սǿȫȭףҪĴԪȥ߶
ʱȥˣҶĹ˿ȥԼԪҪҶĹ⡣
ݳһθоԼıˣһս޲ʤǿĶ֡
ýݳ޷ܵǣҶͱС࣬Ѿսպɳǻˣ
ݳгԹܼԼţɱ
ݳһ˿һһɸǿϢ֡


219 Ѫ
սеҶȻоһɺ⣬ֻݳһȭԼؿڣһѪԼȭϡ
ǹѪȭպ󣬶ʱɢޱǿϢǹϢǿļ£һֻһ㡣
찡Ѫ˾
ȻԼľѪ𣿡
һھѪΪҪ˲ˣ
ԭһǿ޷һЩ츳ѵţʹգܷӳһѾ㲻ˡ
飬ȻǻۣΪ߼ʹʱˣԸѪ֮
ʹѪԶʱٻʹ֮ǿ
ǾѪѪ֮Ѫһգͻս½粻ȡ
ݳôһھѪ½չ󾳽Ҳ½һ硣
ԴҶΪݳˣţûҪΪɫѣȥ
ǿʱĽݳһӵܣһ໨ȥһֻ󣬾Ϊ˶еһʳ
Ƕ֪ǽݳѾںɫˣҪҶ뿴˽Խ
ȭ׵ľѣֲϢҶӿȻѹЩ
СӣɽȭѾһˣһҿô
ݳȭ׶ҶϢȻ֮ǰֲ֮࣬ǰԷ顣
ҶﲻҴ⣬ȫȭͷϣŽݳһȭӭ
ȭײ±ߺˮʱԶɽͬʱһӰҺ׵Ĵϣ˲䱻ˮû
ȻһлǸ꣡
Ѫֲ̫ˣ
֮ǰУһȭͽɣǿǰǿ󣡡
֪ǸûУ
Ȼ±ߵĺˮڣһɫӰ֣ӰǱϵѾըɣŰ塣
СӣôζܰɡݳҶﻹţһ㶼Ծ˵ĴЦҪÿɽȭ׽Ϲͷһһ飬ͷ֮ޣ
ҶԼһƬۣղһȷ̫ǿˣĳ㽫ϡ
󰵽޸ԼƣʹŻʧ
Ҷ￴һԹĽݳЩصҪҶҶ֪Ϊʲôôң
ȡĶң֪ж߶ҪͽϷʥأŶӶ
㣬һֻ֣һĶȻҶޱҳ֣ʬΣ˵ݳԹһŭ
˵껰һȭӳ𶯣Ҷһȭ䡣
ȻҶռָһ󲨶ҶһЦż
ҶռָУǹһ󲨶·һ㣬սϢ
ǾͲսɣ
Ҷһ֣ƽǹҶУŻƽǹĳ֣һϢɨǧһЩеıʼ约һ㡣
찡ʲô
ǸҲ
ҿӣҲܹԦ
ԭ֪Ҷͭǲû⣬ΪǲһߣܹԦ
˵ǻߣ֣ҲûмܹԦ
ҶɱĶӣȻ˿״ϣȴ޷߶ֻܵһͨ·
ܹ߶ҶɱмĻߵġ
Ҫ֪ҶﵱǺʱǸڹǾ޲ߣ̫ǿˡ
ҲûҶб˼ˣʲôЦûʹܽʥؾӢǱĶֱ
ڻȦ׿ǣȥһҪȥҪ˵
䣡
һ죬춯ȻѾܵ㹻ԶˣǱӿľ紵Զ
Ǽѵ۾ֻǰӰֿҶվԭزǰһﵽĴ󹵡
ˮӿ룬󹵵ľͷݳһŵĿҶݺݵĶеĻƽǹ
ֱˮû壬žѹϰգ۾ҶȫĽʡߺޡ
ݳһǰͻʥؼĽŵõöɽȭס
ʱ緢ޣʥӵУһ
񾭹һļѾȫ˿ɽȭ׵ʹ÷֮ͬУԼĸ磬ܹ֮ƥС
ݳҲȷʵǿᣬһϵսǿߣֵܹϡ
ԽԴ󣬼û˸ԸԲŻнֱǿ׳
Ҷ߸˼룬Ҷᣬʵֻл߳׵ʵܹ⡣
һǳֿȭֳųͬ޵е⡣
ǰݳУΪԼףܹ߶һʵûʵܴ߶š
ǵҶֳ֣ݺݵػɣһܵ˴ֱҪˡ
쵰ⲻܣֻһֻϣʲôʸʹ
ݳУǺݺݵһȭԼؿڣѪȭϡ
Ѫȭգɽȭ׷·𳹵׾һ㣬ϢԶˣеļ¡
찡һԷˣ
Ѫ˽Ϊסˣ
ֲ̫ˣǻԶɣܾúûȫУ
ݳĶҶȥɣϣ
ҶɱԽԽʢһһӣ֮ǿɱԺȻΪĸ󻼡
ѪƽǹĿֲ˭赲ġ
Ҷ﷢ԼƽǹȻȡһ˿һַǳеĸо
ҶܹƿǹĿֲڿԷǹϵơ
飡
飡
飡
ÿһײضŲ˶ʼǿ˿ûͣϢ籩һ㡣
Զս˶ʼɫҰףǷⳡսǿȣѾǵ
硢ŽӢ֣ɫҰף亹ֱ
սǿȣǾ㾡ȫһҲӲסԼȾȻҪɱҶֱǴӹŹһȦ
顱֮˵սӼңɽݳô񹥻Ҷһ˵ĸԹ
쵰ȥݳЪ˹׵ĴԭӢѾȫŤһԹ
һѪûôԼţǽȫѪ˳ûа㱣
սȫˣݳķˣι󣬿ݳǷˡ
ȫѪҩָ޷ָǰʵˡ
ǸȭܵݳȫѪĴ̼ʱһһ֮˽ݳ֣ʮɴСҶ
ֲѹԶǶѹĺѣͬѹһɽЩǸֱſڵ޷վ
ȥɣ
һȣǸɽȭ׳Ҷݺײ


220 ʥʥ
ſɽȭ׵ľѣҶеĳǹһ·һŭľ
ǹͻȻâʢҫ۵Ĺâֱ̲񷣬ҶڵԪȻǹӿȥ
ҶһǹȻԶԪתΪǹҶĴֱ֣ӷա
Ǹȭ׺ݺײȥ
ԶĽ˿һĻʱɫҰףץһЩΪҪĵӣԶ񱼡
ܣ
ֻǿߣܲܵǹǿѹӰ죬ǰ벽ҲֻԱ׷롣
Щ߱ǿѹѹƵָˣܹߣֻĿײ
ײһ̣ҫ۵ĹâǧķΧһ񶶣ȻЩѹڵϵĻǣ޾ĺڰ
硢Ž̩һˣÿ϶ˣԶһ񱼡
Ȼһ𣬽ſֲ˽ƷæתԪԼ
ǵֵסǹɿֲ׷ױѪԶȥ
е˸Ѿ˹ȥѾӳ㹻Զľ룬ӹһ١
ֲķ籩ڹȥǷϰҶսطȥʹΪΪҲĿɿڴ
Բǧԭ͵ȺɽƣѾΪƽأǰǸҲʧˡ
Ҷﱻˣѵֱʮɺ󣬲Ŵ̽ͷһܣԼҲˡ
ԶǹͿɽȭ׶ڵϣǶѾָԭ״Ҷͷһ𣬸æܹȥ
ҶһڵԪЩֵķ֣Լ纣ԪȻһա
Ҷ￴ǰһƬ֮أҲȻˣǹɽȭ׶
ɽȭܵ˽ݳȫѪսǿƥǹȻҪ֮ԿҶԪҲ
Ͼһʵֲ̫ˣûǹıԼھ㲻ҲҪˡ
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ȫãͷǲ֪˶٣˶״̱ڵϣȻϢ΢ǲû
ʱȻĿҶҶǱһЩȻûһ˿˵ӡ쵰ôܣһ¶ûУ
˵ûӪĻ˵ɣôҶؿ
ɱң𣿡ݳȻЦҶﲻмĵ
ɱңļˣʦɶᱻĸɸɾ𣿡
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Ҷһֻ֣Ԩĸ֣ĽסݳĲӣصвûãûҾ·ˣ
ɱɱɣɱҲˣ±ߵ㡱ݳĴЦ
ðɣԿ
˵껰䣬Ԩֱն˽ݳĲӣȻӶˣݳϻ¶ɭЦݡ
ԶˣۼҶһն˽ݳĲӣʱһ¡
˱˴˿һۣ˶ԷеľҪͱˡ

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һĴڣʮλ߹һʮӣϣһŭݵĿ±ߡ
ţҵѾɳλϳ£ӦúܿͻϢˡһ߹
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һֱ̫ˣϰټȻһ붼ƷľƷҲǱеľƷ
ֵҩҩҩ㼫ΪŨһƷһ۹ߣƷʵĶϡ
ϡһѣҲоϲķ֣ȻһŽᾧ
ؾпľᾧСһֻɫģҶ϶ᾧٺ٣ܿɽҪĶ
ܿɽҶѾܳʱˣܿɽΪޣûдУֻܿԼٶȾ࣬ᾧܴİ
ֲ鿴಻֪ϡŹ⣬Ȼ֪ʲôǰսݳָ߰ĵУһĶԿۡ
Ҷһζڽݳĸ߰ʾͣռָĶɶǾƷ
·ˣȻǷ¸;һҹ˵ľְҵ
ҶĻϲĽָպãֽݳʬһ飬ȷʵûʲô©󣬸Ҫ׼뿪ȻԶĽˡ
˼ҶȻɱ˽ݳĿɿڴ֮ʣҶԼɵһͷƤ顣
ܣֲңֻĿҶǷޱ
Ҷǰõģûҳ֣ôҲԸǵģ
˶ʱɲ٣ɵεЦЦ
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˼Ҷ뿪һȻҶ˵ɱǣɺ£Ͼʥӵܵܶɱʲôҵģ
Ҷ￴һµͼ±˷򣬳ķȥ


221 ݷ
Ҷһ·Уɽ٣ľȴԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽߴ
ͨĴϰɣߵǧɣԽһַǳĸо
Ҷֺ󣬼ǰ˴죬ǰľԽŨ
ȻʮӰ֮УеļʸҶ
Щ˶ǳᣬǶʮµͣΪϣǻʼǿߡ
ǶһͷɫĳŮ쳣һʼΪŮӶҶأӭ࣬»ǻȥɣ
ŮӵҶûһƬΣ˺ôˣ˼ȴֻԼ
ǻҶ˸ץԼˣԻԴšߡ
ҶŮЦЦҪ˵һϲҶ磿
һһӰдֱҶǰͶҶĻС
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ŷ۵ҶһůЦûɱˣһ·Ϻö·ֻһ·ӹģ
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ʱŸҶܸˣȻ˵Ҷ飬Ҷǳ
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ȻǳζɿڣⶫҶʵ޷԰ҶŶӰѡ꣬ȵҶеһ䣬ҶҼղֹûˣ˵ˣ


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˿ȵĻҶȷʵм̱£ôˣӾôһ㣿
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ҶĲһڣΪʼѸڡ
ֱӴ۷壬ͻƵߣȻһ·
һ죡
߶죡

ҶĿɿڴУΪֱ˻߰죬Ҹʵһ㸡ļûС
ˣԭЩɬķȻһӳ࣬ǰͦΣ޳
ö֦⻺ջأҶ﷢ö֦һѾʼήȻķһ
ҶﲻЩᣬԼѾôˣҪΪף
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Ҷһ㶣Щ֪룬Ҫ֪͸ֻ֮ˣܵģû˽ܹ
Ҷ͸°ɡȿҶŵ
ҶͷֽУִһ̣һϢ
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Ҷųظܵһɣ·һ㡣
Ҷ￴Ѫĳˣģۼеľ
Ҷֳֳ֣صصİɣֻҪҶﻹţͲ帲𣡡
ҶĻһ䣬֦һİڶҶлһ㡣
ҶĸˣģһҪ壬ٴ

һҶڷĴ£֮ɭıԵƬıݡ
ҶﵽʱֻһԲʮɵĴ󶴣ڰУʱһЩӰ
ҶϸһЩӰǸһȴߴ࣬ǸϢմӷĹ
ҶöҶԺд˸оˮ
Ҷ￴Щڤ壬Ҷһġζأ
𳶵Ҹ˵£Ща̶ȣڶħĺõطҪɫ
Ҷ￴һǸռ涴ðɣȿֿ԰һ鷳һˡ


223 ڤ
һ쿪ʼҶһֱ߹۲죬ûֱӲμս
ΪҶ﷢֣ʱֵĶһЩСϺףҲʼڤ壬ʲôв
ʱҶѽ˿׽˷ÿȶһӦȥ˿ףò˶ãͿƿˡ
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հѿɽȭȡҶڵԨһ󶶶һֻèζʳһ㡣
Ҷһ㶣ֽԨԨҶѾӵһǡ
ԨҶǷǳϲǼ֤ԴһһεĳɳԼĺһ㡣
ԨΧſɽȭת˼Ȧȴһֿźóԣȴ޴¿ڵĸоת
ҶȻ뵽Ԩڵ֮УлԣɽȭףʱҲˣҲлԣѵ˵ԨԽף
뵽Ҷһ˷ܣԨܹףٱĶҶҲø
Ԩʼռת˿Ҷ˼һ¡
취Ҷｫȫ񶼳ԨϣʱԨӦҶһ³ԨС
ʱҶǰȥֻһʮɴĿɽȭУһֻ˶ʨӣǱ棬Ҷ˻
Ҷһ㶣飿ԼȻǿᣬǸҶûҳԡ
ʶ˻غҶԺеľŪ
ŪǸʲôеû¸𡱾Щĵ
ٷϻŪҲȥնɱڤ壬㲻ָˣҶЩͷĵ
ðɣ㣡
һҶüһĨ⣬ȭڣɽȭ׶ʱһ󼱶žһĳţҶԸоɽȭȫʧ
ԨһУһǸȭ׾ʧˣҶｫԴУȭѾԨڡ
ɽȭԨڻתת˿˿ȵĲԨӿȥա
Ҷ￴ԨԺ׾Ͳˡ
ԨҶֽѪĳȡѹԼģǿĴڡ
ҶｫԪҶ﷢ԼԪ룬ԽԽǿ
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ҶظųӴͽɣ壬棡
Ҷ˴ʱ䣬е飬˵һǲҪģӰһֱӽеĺڶ
Ҷڶ󣬸о屻һռ֮˺Ǻܴ󣬶κв
ȻҶǰһ䣬ŲڴϣյǻһƬɼȷǳĵ͡
ҶͷݺݵһڿˮһΪִԽȥˣΪǱˡ
ɵĿŸζ˷θҶðӦ
ҿһвҼסǺҵؼҵ·ҶЩԥĵ
İɣǸ·ҿ϶û⡱ĵĵ
ܾǷףҶҲǰнˣҶﻹһҪĿģ֪ڤ絽ǷĴڡ
Ȼȥ񣬵ǷһЩҲãԺ֮·мİ
ո֮߳ңһڤ巢ҶټһҶ
ǸڤֻΪҶһһָһϸϸײǸڤǿߡ
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Ǹڤ壬һ𣬶ʱ̷ɳɢ
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ҶûصǻǶ㣿ⶼǱӵӳģ
ȿȣҾ㻹ӦðѾɱ¾ϣӦʱʱȡӦиת
У㣡

ҶǰߣҷſŲֱ˴죬һƬɽڸɽһߣһ䡣
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˵ǵ͵ȵڤûǻۣǽ˻Ժˡ
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߷׷׷һս˲չߵս࣬һʼвڤ屻ɱ
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Щɱ˶ԷڤսʿֱٿԷţȡֱдѪˮ
Ҷ￴龰ˣԺͰѾ˸
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һսһصʬ壬֮Ƕʬӽһˮ
ҶһθȥԲУԺԼⶼûθˡ
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Ҷĵ뿪ЩСϺҶ￴ϣɱЩСΪ̫ö֡
ҶһƧĵطͭȡͬʱɽնɱİ׻ҲȡƤ£ϴɾӽаۡ
֮ɭˮҶͿ쵭ˣŵ㣬Ӷˡ
ڵڤĶһĻŶڵ⣬һٿԡ
Ҷֱ޲ڣ̺˿ռ֮Ϊ㲻˵
ǼΪ㣬ڶԣ븹ŻԭҶڣӾѾǵĲС
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ǺҶ춼ûطһ߳һֻߴɵİ׻ͱҶԹˡ
Ҷ￴ڵ˺Լһʲôʱôܳˡ
Ҷڵ֭˾⣬ͷһ顣
һһͺȣ˱˻ƽɫһǰδеǿоȫҶʱЦһ¡
ԶȥظÿԷĵĴɱˡ
շһͺͺĴɽֻ·һǰҶǻһĨ΢ЦԼĲɨһգǱߵѹͻࡣ
Ҷ﷢һЦɱ¾ʼɣ


224 ڤͼ
ǰĲŷԲʮǧڤսʿҶһ£λڤڣ벽߸
Ҷֵʱһɧ׷׳Ҷӭ
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Ԩħгɱ¾ҪɱԼ顣
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ǵģǶ뼸ʱɳûУֻмʮֻ꣬мʱɳٵȻᱻ𣡡
Ҷͫһ͸¶һЩˡ


225 ڤ
ͷۣҶｲشٹԼŸˣÿζϣ˴࣬Ƭأͷų
ϧһֱʧܣÿʧܣһ䣬ԼʹȥѰһˡ
ÿʮһδ٣ᾭһսһΣܵشڿռƯ˺ܾá
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Ҷɱһʱһ⣬һڤǿߣȻѪͼڡ
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еǰѹǵǹ飬Ҷ۹ǺȴҲû취
ѪҶõһ˵ĽۣڤݶԻţҶͷޱȵѹ֡
Ҫ֪ʥ½ϣʥǿ߶ûۼĴܣѾΪĴ˵
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ͨĽǰŸˣ۷ΪҲʥ޷ˡ
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ҶһѹҪһһڵĳԣܻа취ġ
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ΪҶڵһЩϱߵҲʼһ㡣
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صԭǸռݴǸնȻڰգûСҲû
Ҷһնڣھ֮һҶ̰ĺĿһҪϢˣſĽһ㡣
ȻһӰֱ˵ҶﻳУҶﶨһһͷķڵҶ磬ôŻ˼Һõ㣡
Ҷȥô죬ɰˡҲеԹĵ
һ㶼ûŮʵϣһͰĳߣÿһ˶Լĺӿ
ԭ⼸죬ɹƿ˽˿׺󣬾ͳҶ֪ܵڤȥˡ
¿ɰˣһˣû취ǵĿо뿪ˮһ㡣
һֱȴû취룬ֹˡ
ڼҶˣʱ˳һǸ˵ģһίġ
ҶЩ󣬸æǸһ÷ΪЦ
˻ָˣʵҶǱΣ
ҶｫԼľԽһ飬ڤͼڵʱ򣬿ȶʱһȻ
ΰ񣬾Ǳײеڤɱģ
ΪʲôʹӰʱ򣬻ףأҶʵ
ǰµףֻҪǵϾһḴġԶĵص
ȴһƬɬͽֻˣҲΣѣϦ
Ůʱ²õģԶսϣһõȪˮġҶһᶨĵ
ߵܽĶʱˣͷҶɷ
ɹʳôͲðˣЩ˷ӣ˲㡣
ڴĿУҶŷ뿪壬ݳǽ


226 겻ɢ
ݳǣ﷽ԲĳǳڣΧЩأϵ˶ࡣ
߶ϸ̲飬ǻʼߣʮ£Ҫ̲ü顣
ݳǶʮֽţǱ̲ߣǸŭԣֻ
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ȻԼıΪˡƷǴߣѡ˳ĬΪǲã˵ɢޣһЩŴɶǲ
ΪԴ˵еϷʥأǿ֮ϵȻʥꡣ
˵˽Ϸʥصĺĵɱˣʥŭץס֣š
һŻ˽ͷβһȥֻʮ꣬òݵ׳ϱߡ
úܶ˶޷ţɱϷʥغĵӵ֡
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Ĵ˵ʱ򣬷ѾȥſգӰûС
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ݳǵݼʴǰĸ޾ɵվţôļûС
Ϊһ׷ڴǰ˭Ҫʹô󣬶ҪϸŲ顣
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ڿɵãһӸͣҵˣƾӪļʵͷҪѪˡ
һεؿһڴϵߣһֳ嶯󣬰ϼһԶߡ
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ǸϷʥصĳ϶ʱŭ죬ô꣬һ˸ζҪըˡ
ռһ󲨶߳ҶǰһֱֻȱҶĺץȥ
꣡
ҶֻӶһֱصϷʥصĳϵϡ
ž
ǽһ죬ԲֻҪӣϷʥصĳ϶ʱɡ
һڵźХ֮ɳһײ
һ˶ˣЩϷʥصĵǣһ߸ϣΪﵽڵĳϣȻ˼һɣЩԽʵһʱ䶼Ѽһ㣬һ
СҪʬΣ
һŭǸ߻ƱĽ˶ʱۡ
ϷʥصĳҪˣû뵽һͷǵĸһ㡣
ղ֣û׼һٻɱҶڣŴ
ҶֻлΪȻ֪ɱ˽ݳΪҶƾʵ
ԼѾڣһ߾͸һ֮£ݺݳһ⡣
߶ԼҶ￴һ۴ɲǶֵĵطһѴˣԼ鷳ʹˡ
ҶԷԼСġǸϷʥصĳϳȥ̧־һȭ
߼ҶȻԼҶԼŭɽңҲһȭҳ
ʱѾŭģѾҪڵͷھһȭǰСҳࡣ
飡
ǸϷʥصĳϵȭͷֱҶļͷûеѪؿһʹһɴɡ
һ˶ˣҶԼļͷӲϷʥصĳϵһȭͬʱԼȭͷҲ˶ֵؿڡ
ҶﱻһǿʮɣϷʥصĳϣۡѪɳʮ
Ҷû֣ͣ˻һ⣬쵽˼飬׷ǸϷʥصĳһȭݺҳ
飡
Ϸʥصĳϸѹ·ѪҶһȭæ񵲡
ۣ
ϷʥصĳϵһѪǿɣǲҶͬһӰֳǰһȭ
ǸϷʥصĳ־ŭû뵽Լһ֮ʧȻҶץסţԼĻĻᣬֻһȭɡ
ȭǸϷʥصĳϴ￪⣬Զ봫㰲ȫ١
ݼʴڳǽһٶȥѾ˳⣬Էսˡ
Ҷɲϣսʱ˼޹ǲԼˣɻΡ
ѾղŵĴ򶷾ǿ߷׷׸ۿǸʱһ꣬һȭһȭĽߴɣ֮ûУ˴͡
ûɣǸߺϷʥصĳϰ
Ҳˣ˵Ӧû
찡Ǹɱ־Ȼĳˣôôǿ̫˰ɣ
ٺ٣ˣϣǸúôһʥص磬Щ̫ˣ
ʱǸϷʥصĳϣڻعһһҶһȥ
Ѿʧȥ侲ǻĻͻ֣ᷢ˼Ҷﱻһ¶ûС
׳գ
ҶһϼһȻԿǻˣԼѾǿޱȣȻԼⲫ
ҧгݹҶｫȭͷ߸߾Ƥһ㣬һƽķɡ
ȻϢ𣬶ҶＱٳ


227 Ϸ罣
ҶｫķɣȻоϢԼж
ҶתͷȥֻϴŸǰһεˣ߼ٱ
գۼ͵ǰλߣϢǿ󣬾ȻҲڵΪ
üһʥؾʥأ̾ΪһӣȻڡ
ߵ󣬳ƽҶΧסһ߶λϷʥصĳϵ߳ϣû°ɣ
߳ϽǵѪ㣬ĿҶʱѾָ侲СģСӱΪͣǿƥӦǸޣ
޾רܵʿϵʿ·Ϊޡޡ޺ޡ
޵ϴ󲿷ޣ޾Ͳ˵ˣ
Ϊϡ٣ھһǻޣǾ˵޵֮ЩƤëĻޡ
һ־ޣ˱Ƚ϶࣬޳ɼıȽ٣£ͻҶҲҶתޡ
Ҷȷʵʺ壬Ǹʱʵ̫ˡ
һУȫӿǿһӲ֮ͬлûе֡
߳ʱŷӦԼһⲫȷʵеӱ¿ˡ
߳ؿҶСӣû뵽ȻǺޣ޵˻ʽѵãϧɱʥصĵӣעҪ
λǿ߶ţҶоѹܴ󣬲ⲢӰĶ־ЦѵʥصɱңҲܻ֣
߳ϵнǿΪҪҲʥصӣҲϧ㲻ǣ
ɱֻӣ޵ķϣֻҪʥأҲȥһ
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ҶһЦмصʲôƨۣʥغ˲òǼңҳһȥϷʥΪƽأ
ҶĻܴԶȫˣǲɵõһ
˵ʲôôô󣬾ȻҪƽһʥأֱʥػҪš
Щ򰵰ҶǴүǣʥô꣬˱ǻˡ
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Сûˡ߳ϱҶĻ÷һָֻҶ
ҶصϰӣҾǿûˣôţҧң
߳һЦҿһû˵󻰣
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˵껰ҪȡһѳҪҶ
šҶ
ôˣҲˡ߳Ц
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֮߳Աǵĳ֮ǰ˵ǣǵԼɣǿɲںһЩϵ
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Ҷû뵽ϼһ֮ݣ˿ѱ˵£һæ㿪
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Сܣ
߳ϴһ϶Ҷ׷ȥսǣԶȥֱԶԶں߸š
ȻĳôãȻ˼ƽ񣡡
˵ĵӣɴ˼Щ
꣬ҲƽɣǵĻǾֲ̫ˣ
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Ҷ˶˻ƽɫûκγɣתһȭ
߳û뵽ҶȻ˵ͣͣײҶϣҶһȭ˸æ񵲡
飡
Ľһ죬߳˶ʱɣһѪԶͣ¡
д󺧣֪ҶһȭͷûκλΣȫƾ
һȭȻڵǿɣһˣֱš
𺧣ԶǶˣһһȭͽڵǿɣҪ
̫ǿˣҲΰɣ𣡡
һȭڵǿߣ˭ܸңһȭж
˶˻ƽɫֱս·̫ǿˣ
սֱδţμֱǴ۽ˣ
Ҷؿǰˣָһ߳ϡͬĶôȥˣҾ֪ǿе죡
족ͬףرɫһ޵еڶ𣬷·񷶼Ϊ֮
ɱ
Ҷһȭͷ˳ȥһҡ
飡
˲ҵѾҶղŵƵˣҲ벻׽Ȼľ
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ƴȫֵҶĹܼȭͷͬǵĽϣǲͷ
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Ҷɲô࣬͸Щ߸ϣĻ쵰
ͷ·ǲˣǸ߸ϵһһͷͿձ˵ɱȫǵС
ͬʱҶŮʿȻû˭ǱƻأҶžЩ߸ϵʥΪ
Ǽ˶ò뽫ΪԼ˽裬¾Ըɵó
ʹӽݳԼɫѱֳǿƣͿԿǾһȺ˽͵ķӣѾʧȥӦе˼
ȫƾԼϲãԶ˼˵ղǾܾսһ㡣
뵽Ҷȭͷ߬ĸҵøݣһԹȫȭͷй
飡
޴춯𶯴أĸ˵ս˷ԲĿռ䣬ɽƽˣرˣһƬưܲľ
Զǣʥص⣬˶Ѫڣʥ۸ôãڳһǹ˼ɺʹкˡ
̫ˣ쿪ʰˣ
ǱӦǱѪֱӴڣҾ͵͵װһȥӡһʥ̲󣬽ָڡƷûյĻߺ޺޵ص
߳Ҷ¿֧ţҶ籩Ĺʼղ˥ԽԽǿ
ȥǰ취Ҫ˶ãҪܣ߳ͻȻһϷ罣󣡡
кͬʱͷ߳˵ʱͬһһ㣬ս쭡
飡
һ죬ҶĹȥɡ
ˣʥؼϷ罣󣬾ݴؼԶʱ˵ںϣ
ǿߵһ˭ֵܵ
ҶĿһۣһ죬һѻƽǹҶС
˽ǹϳ֣Ϊ֮һ
ǹһڣָǰصͶ̥


228 ն
һѻƽǹҶУ˽ǹϳ֣Ϊ֮һ
Ȼܹƿ
еÿˣͰȺ˸ӣ
ҶﳤǹһڣֱָԶˣƷ·ҪƬش̴
Ͷ̥̣
ֻҶ˻һ⣬·һʮɵĻƽǹ˴ȥ
߳ϵ˲ҵһϷƣ
ѳڿмתγһ޴УҶĳǹײȥ
ǹӰײûзϢ·ǹϵһ㡣
ϾͿʼԽԽ󣬽ͬƵ򣬺Ȼը
߳ʱֲıըûԶǼʱɫ䡣
ܰ
һæɱٶٿ죬Ҳû˵ıٶȿ졣
߷׷ױϰգҵǣ㹻Զ󲿷˶ֻˡ
籩󣬻ҳɢҰ𽥻ָԭսĵطԲǧһӣð
ٿ߳ϵˣǱڴӵıԵѾΣϵĹͷ֪˶١
Ϣ΢ȻղһľԪѾ;ƿˡ
˶ͷɢѪۣǱѾû˵緢߸ϵĸо
Ԫݽߣشͬһڵϡ
ԶǣһݵĿҶҶֱͬһɫս޿ƥС
̫ˣΪߵΪڵĴܣԻΪ˵
ҾȻۼ֤һţⱲҲ׻
ٺ٣ʥصˣ붼ÿģζЦѣ
ҶһǹʹսȻǿޱȣҲǾˡ
ղһԼҵԪһգȻǳ󻧡
ѹôȻǻһɵ޷ӣΪԪ㡣
ǿ󣬵ƽʱò𣬲ƾǹĿֲѾܹɨһˡ
Ҷﻺɵǰؿǵ˵ʵΪǿ߿ߵǰɣ
ǹһֱӴһϷʥسϵĿڣǹͷض
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ҶĶ˵ľû뵽ҶȻֱɱϷʥسϣҪͱˡ
ҶﳤǹǸϷʥسϵĿտڻγǹⱻѪȾ죬ճѪҺ䡣
Ҷ￴ǹϵѪ΢΢һЦȻǺɫģҸе⣬ӵ࣬ȴûУ
ҶﻺһϷʥسǰЦҲİɣҲǺڵģ
Ϸʥس϶ʱŵɫȻƽʱǸ߸ϣʱɸеޱȿ־塣
ҪҪɱҡҰɡϷʥسѾʼˣʲôӣʲô϶ûҪ
ҶЩĵ
ŹҰɡϷʥسϵһ־Ŀ
ԶȻģѾʼ˵ˣΪ֪˽ݣҪˡ
ⲻҶһµ
ģϷʥسϾϲĵ
ǰûɱĵˣûУҾͷ㡱ҶﶢϷʥسϵ۾
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ȻĿһʹ˼ʵһֵĿؿڵĳǹԼһһıᡣ
źҲܷŹ㣬Ҹᣬϧûץססɱ㣬ԼɱԼɱ
Ҷĵ˵꣬ǹϷʥسϵؿڰγϱմȾǿߵͷѪϱߵѪҺճˡ
Ҷﻺ߳ǰɫڵϵ߳Цô߸ϵ߳ϣϾҪսˣʲô룡
߳һѹͷĿ־壬ѵؿڵʥأҲɣ㣬ļˣŶ𣡡
ҶһЦǹһ㣬ֱӵ߳ϵؿڣ̴ȴܿࡣ
߳ϵʵǽǿԲģϧһΪǵˣ
ʲôȻǹ̴ûҪ߳ϻǿ˵һĵ
ǸȥԶսʱӦˣӦòɱǣϧˣ
Ҷ￴һҵ߳ϵǶǻ벻ϣȻĮӱ˵ôĮ
˵곤ǹһһɾǹϵ߳϶ʱըɢһء
ȫǶѵһ¿ˮȫʮݵǿߣ治һЩǿߣûһ˸˵
ǱҶֶγ׾ˣǸڵĴܰһ̽ļ𣬾ôɱ
ҪǣǿϷʥصĳϣһȻͱһ¨ӡ
ҶԶϰϷʥصĵӣǷ
Щƽʱֺʥ콾ǣһ˫ȫǿ־壬ݶʼˡ
ҶǺ£ȴܣԤУֻҪܵһľԼ
Ҷ￴ǰЩˣصǾ仰ҿǣֻҪŹĵˣ
һ˲кܶ˶ˣе˵ֲסֲֿѹֱӳˡ
е˿ʼɱǱ˼ʮɣһ֧ʸǵҪ׷׵ء
Ʈڰգʰ쵵ĳ֣춯ܵȫļʸ֮¡
һЩɱĺͱɱģվŵֻа˸ˣҶ￴һۣһָһ벽ӵء
Ҷһˮ㣿ɵ𣿡
ҶħڣСʵһֱڽİ˵ڳ˵Ρ
ҶǰѾʣˣҶ￴ǵͷǺˣӹһ١
ǲҪлңҪлԼǸһ·ͬʱҲԼһ·
ЩϷʥصصǣɵ÷׷һеΪи̱ڵϡ
ǻȥǵţҪģߣ˺֮ɱߣ˺ɱ֮
ҶӲˣҪϹˣǿˣ
Ҷ˵һ֣ʱЩϷʥصĵ⣬Ҷһ񣬷׷Զȥ
ҶֽЩȥϷʥصʬϵĿռָǿɶǸ߸ӵܰ©ͣԲܴ
ڼϸղŴܵĽָξջ񼫴󣬹һʣδһʱ䣬ΪǮˡ
ҶĿ֮£Уݼʴ󣬽˴ͷãǿͨݵĴ͡
Ŵһ˸Ӱʧڴϣ˶һ
ǸĿŴ˫ͨ죬˭û֣еľмһöָ


229 ľϲ
Ҷŷصݣû˿飬ֱӷҶڡ
ҶﵽһλڳϣźͼƷ͵۹
ҶҶվԣҶΪִ³ϣû˸ҶΥ㡣
ӵڳϣֶ̳ûе飬Ҷʧŷ봫󣬷Ҷȡ

˻ĳڣһװɷ磬һţϸжһ飬ʰһ¶뿪˰˻ĳǡ
ƽϳڣһµլԺһѩ׳ȹܽˮһ壬һĿеż
һֱѩ׵֣ӣˮУ˾ӨˮŽ׵գ䡣
Ҷ磬һֱûңһֱҡ૵ĵ
нһƿȻܷţҩ㣬ƴƮɢ
Ҷ磬һƴŬģһ׷ĽŲԶߣ
ѾƮԶ·ֿǸЦݵӣһᶨ
۶ʹϣѾɢȥյĴڣֻһˣһӵĿǰżͬһƿӳϡ
ƿ૵صҶְݶ飬ô

ҶµĳϽɫѣֱ͸ɷˣıԶмİ
ͬʱҲһЩϢ͸¶ɷ磬ɷ֪ľ֮󣬾ԻͣĸϹȥ
ɷô˵ҲŮԿӮǵΣɷ縺ɹʳû⡣
ЩҶ԰Ĳ٣صкȸĸ˸кĸÿһ춼ĺܿģͷˡ
һԷֱʮ꣬ѵķޣܹžۣҲҶԸ
ǻûмҶ诣֪ҶҲѾͻ˻ߣѩһȥˡ
Ҷĸ˼÷ĸףԼء
ûţʯŻ򿪣ɣ
ҶҶǵغ󣬹ǰҶλǿߣһԹ𾴣ҲѪĹϵɡ
ҶϸһҶϲǿΪҾȣ
ҶĿɨһ飬ҶʱоԼȫ˸飬ɵðԾ
ԭΪҶΪӦڻ۷壬Ҷһֱɽ©ˮģͻȻɨԼһۣҶʱԼڵʵ
ҶæǫЦˣ
ôͻȻôǫ飬ѵγȥԿˣҶЦ
ٺٺ٣ôأСʲôĶܳԣǲԿҶЦĵҶ˵ɣܸܵҶǶԼİ
Ǿͺãʲôίˣ˵Ȼ壬Ҷҵĺˣ˭۸ġҶǵ
ϣ仰ҾͷˡҶ
Ҫŵ㰡ǵĻ̫󣬱ʱҲסҶĻҶǾе㲻Ծ
ٺ٣㣬λ洳˵СҶҶգգ۾
ҶǶʱЩõԤУʵ˵
ʵҲûʲôҴħ͵һһЩ׷ɱңǹұɱˡҶһ̯֣޹ĵ
ʲôҶǲҲЩʵ
Ҷһ֣һ˶Уһ߶೤״һ¹һ壬Ҷǰ
ɫѡҶǵĶҲһ
ȷɫѣ滹һٶΣ۳ҺءҶָ±ߵҺ
ʵҶ󣬾ͽ󲿷ҺһŪҺҶɵȲ𣬸ɴ͸塣
ˣҶҲΪϲҪ֪ɫѣһ߽벽ڼ䲻κƿһٶΣͿһٸ벽
Ҫ֪ڼڣ۷ٸǰ벽Ҳֻʮѡ
Ϊһʵ̫ˣЩҺݶԻҶҵսһ̨ס
԰ɡҶЦ
ɫѣϡ֮Ҷǵͷ޵
Ҫô죿ҶЩյĵ
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Ҷڸое㲻ԾˣȻﾪ𵴣ǻ˶ϹҶȻأ
ȻһȺŵɱңҾͰչĽ̵ɱɱɱһһ
ɢɱͨӣȻͨɱŵӣȻǾӢӣҾôɱţɱһһ
ɱҶľˣֻǺһɱһʥصĺĵӣ
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ΪӦڣɱ֪֮ǸʲôϷʥصĺĵӣʲôʥӵĵܵܡҶ˼һµ
ҶǲɵõһһǱԷݾģһǱҶΪģֻǻΪܻɱڵĴˡ
û£ǱˣǲҰôҪǿһԳֵġҶҶļο
ллˣһСĦҶһмĵ
ҶС֣رУִҶĳʱ
ַʲôҶ׼
һ·϶ңǾ͸ǴҶһίı顣
ҶǶıӣ˵˵ɣ
ȿȣɱǸʥһٶӢӣа϶ǰ벽ڵĳϡҶЩεĵ
Ҷǻô궨ɾĵһȻҶΪǿᣬû뵽Ѿǿᵽ̶ֳˡ
ҶǿҶ죬ҶëʱҶǺȻһЦ
úúãҶǾȻҲ۵ʱǺģ
Ҷû뵽ҶǻͻȻЦɵЩ㶣ҶҶļ治Ҷŭһˣͱıܼ
Ҷﲻ֪˵ʲôãЩεصС³ç֪᲻鷳
ʲôҲǸôǸΪҲȺİɣءҶǺĵ
Ҷ֪ǰλȻҲһλܣɵд󶨡
˵꣬ҶҶԭʧڶħԨһط
ûҶﷴӦҶǶҶóǿң⣬һϲ
ϲҶһ㶡
Բʧľϲ㹥ûʸȡϲҶЦ


230 
Ҷһϲ۷Ź⣬ܱܳΪϲǺö
СӿҪ˰ҶЦ
ɣðСӳ̵ʹҶһڴĿҶ
ٺ٣ҿˣ
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ҶƵıضһƬ·ҪĤһ㡣
ҶǸҶڵ仯ԽԽڴҶѾóƶˡ
һһѻƽǹУҶԪע룬ǹ·Ҫһ㣬һǿϢϯ
СӡҶЩ𾪵ĿһĻȷҶȷʵʵնɱڵǿߡ
ΪǹΪҶԪǿƥ
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ҶͷȻô˵ˣͿԷĽˣҶﲻٱȫԪעǹڡ
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ǹһҶͦǹ䡣
̣
̶𣬷Բǧɱ֮·һǹõβʣʧȥ
ֻҶĳǹŻصѹҶǴȥ
ҶǼҶһܹ˴󲨶ﶼҪֿˣ˿
ڿлһȦǰĿռʱ̣ǰһƣ·һƶı˷
䣡
ҶоԼͺײһǽһ㣬˱Ѫڣðǡ
ȥһ㣬һɵСɽײһ
ֱɳʮ󣬲סΣɵºȻô֮ǿ
õ֮ûʲôֵġҶԺ
ʲô֮Ҷһ˵
ڵǸ򣬵һ̶ȣͻ֮ıԴ֮Ȼǿޱˡ͵
ôǿ
Ȼ˵֮½ϣô֮½Գ۶ٸҲɱһƿ֮
Ҷȷʵˣ֮˭ֵܵѾܽˡ
ͺһȺΧһֻǣɱˣܿϢϢ˭ס
ûһİ׳գܶɣɵĵ˰
ҶͨЩɵöԼ͵ɫѣеһ£Ǹħһ˼¶Լ군ˡ
Ҷһ˻ԭվطѾĿȫǣҶԼƷ
ϣһСС˿ڣһεѪ˿ڻҶŵĿǸ˿ڡ
ҶﵽҶЩӵصѾС磿
Ҷһôε鶼ܿǵ˵ͷ
㲻þȣҵġ֮ǽƥܹƿģƿ˵Ĺ֮Уһ˿֮
ҶһЦޱȵĿģҶļҶڳһţҶĽ
˵껰ҶһµڣҶʯһ£ʯŻ򿪡
ҶʯȫǷģϱ߶һЩ󷨻أҶĵشôϸķأĶ˲á
Ҷ̧ŸҶǵĽŲңսҺĴű㻺رա
Ҷߵǰߵʯһģһʯſ˷ŴΣĿĵء
иϱ߷ǿĲΧĿռ䲻ͣŤ
Ǵÿ涼̳һսУֻҪ㽫ַϱߣоͻῪʼ
ѡһǼסҪǿֲס͸ϿҶǾ
ս־㹻ѪˣҶﻹǵһνӴս
½׹Ȼϡ٣һЩлӵеģսֻڴ˵С
Ҷôʱ䣬ûʹùսЩѪڡ
Ҷ￴ǰһְɫһɫһϸϸ绺
ҶһǸԲȥ
ҶǸȥҶǵǸսϵģӳ񣬻û˴йòҪѡǸ
ΪΣҶʵ
쳣񱩣ǰйĵӶʧˣе˲зϣֱǶ֪µУ׽ʲô֡Ҷ̾Ϣ
ҶһսĴУ붼йʮΣǾǵûдйŪ˺öඥӡ
Ѿкü꣬ûԸȥˡ
ǺǣҸоٻңԡҶ￴Źиڴߴһ㡣
ҶﲻԼȰ裬ҶֻõҪСˣҪǿ
ǣ
ҶᰴǸϣʱǸһҫ
һɿ񱩵ģ·ҪݻһеҶӿȥһ˲ҶﱻΧ
Ҷһй򣬸ǴУ׼Ҫ˵ġ
Ҷʱоǹɿ񱩵ԼӿǵԷЩȫڡ
ۣ
ʹҶǣһ³ɿ񱩵ҲѪ
Ҫ֪磬ɲֻ˼Ƥ͹ǿֱӱҶȥġ
ҶһɵһһȺӭǿŴ򿪣
ҶҲû뵽Ҷôɱʲô𣬸ҪֹͣҶĴС
ȻԺҶû£Ҫ
Ҷǲһǻû˵˭డޱȣγܵ񱩵֮
ҶﴫҶǵǷĲ٣֤ҶԼ
ˣ඼ˡŭҶԺ
ҶӦ
Ҷܵǹɿ񱩵ĻٻԼöطѾƣҶûֹŰ
ͣ£׳գɱҲòѡʽ챩ˣƿڴغ
Ҷɲᣬ󰵽ȫתԼɼһ
ֻʮգ񱩵֮ŰҶ޸ٶȸƻ
䣡
ҶܲסѹѣҶʼţҶɫ䡣
һķ״ѩ׵ĻҶߣҶһ£Ҷԭɢϵõָ
Ѿըֿ࣬ʼͣϴ
ˣڤ׵ˡֵ˵һҲˡ
ҶһֱעҶĶҶ౬飬ҪʹÿռʵҶȡ
ȻҶһֵĻ䣬ʱָɵðһ
ҲҶǶ仨ļʶϲȻ׹ǣ̫ˡ
ҶŰҶ˾飬𽥽񱩵˳ƻС˺ܶࡣ
񱩵֮ҶŰͬʱһǿϢעҶԺ֮С
һʱ󣬿񱩵ŰֹͣˣԵȻ޹⣬Ҷﻺ۾©һ˿΢Ц


231 Ʒ籩
ҶչӣԼอʼɢ⣬һ㣬оޱȵļ͡
ಿλͬһ㣬֮޹ġ
อǿҶһ¥·ԼһȭͿԽƣȻǴţơ
ǿҶǰǿӼͣ㲻ת󰵽ͨƷѾ˺ֺ
̬һǿ߳ɳǶѭ浸֮ˣûһҶô
֮อԶʱǸûʲô
ҪһҲѡô̵òϣѰ·ҶǰԼˣͬһȼǿġ
Ȼ֪Ҷû£Ҷǻǹеһô
ҶмĿҶǣصˣС
Ҷ˫ֻƽ죬ʳָϸ˿һɳʳָ仺γһԲ
ǸԲ˲ɻƶС˲һֱԲȻԲ򲻴󣬵񱩵ҶǶоһ˿ѹ
Ҷпϲ֮֮Լƿظӵˡ
΢΢һǸʱᱬ򣬱Ҷ˫˲ʧ
Ҷ۾΢΢һǿƿ֮ǵһμܹ׵֮صշĵز
Ҫ֪֮յһ̫񱩣òþԼ˵
ҶȻܹɢ׵磬ջصڣֱ˼
Ҷǻѹе𾪣һ͵صȻҶţеʲô
Ҷһ˷ܵ³һΪ֡Ʒ籩
ģȻͨ˴У
ҶһοĴЦֻ֪ͨ˴Уܹ֪ս֣Ҷĳɹˡ
ȻղŽ˰죬ֻҪɹˣôһжֵˣһеţҲ⿪ˡ
ˣոջôУϿȥչع̰ɡҶǽҶ˴֮أҶǸɴҶֱչأ֪Ҷپ٣Ҫ̫ǿ
ҶҲûֱӾڹҿʼչأʼƷ籩
ȻҶΪţս̶ȣרҼ
ǻ˺üǿգҶƵǣĿǰ޷ʹá
Ϊս̫ǿСƷ籩Ҫ֮֮ףܷ
ҶԼڵ֮ȫҲ˾֮ף˼񶼲
Ҷﲢ٣ӵܣ֮ףǵöôǿ
ѹ˵սܲյļܣҲֻΪ̶ֳȣܹ
鲻ϣû˵֮Ĵսǿ߶սôನˡ
ҶﱾѾԳˣǶķһʱ䣬Ԩ׵ؽɽȭͷ
ɽȭ׽ԨôҶİʧԨӵǿˣҶԨȻǿˣǻûĸоܾò˵ʲô
ô˵Դǿ˾Ǻ£ڿԼɽˡ
Ԩǿ󣬷ѳķɽҲǰǿȻҶﾪϲǣԨһθƳʮѣҪϢ
ȥò˶ãԼ齣ֿԼˣһһѵĸƣòֻĹģ
ϴιħһֻ齣ĵûҶ۵Ѫ
һοԸƼʮѣҪ˶ãԼֿһѷɽˣ˧оƮƮȻ
ʰһ黳ճ˱չ֮أҶǾͳǰЩصôˣ
Ҷͷϲˣһ£ǵĲϳﱸôˣ
ҶָĲϾǣǸ조ըıĲϣҶȥ֮ǰҶ׼ˡ
ҶǵѾһһ֣Ǻ٣ֻһǧϴС壡
ɣô٣ҶﲻЩʧԤƵҲ̫Զˡ
Ҷ΢΢һȣЩ˼صһҪǸݽȥҪһʱ
ҶﲻЩǺ˰ȥԲУҶ׼
ȥ٤ȥˣǱ߲Լʧģʱ˻ɿġ
ҶЩεصԲУץһ°ɣչϣ
Ȼʱ仹ǺܳԣҶûаյ£Щ黹ԼһЩ
ҶҶļˣҶǰˣʲôҪ±ߵ˰죬ֱ˵
ҶǵĻڽȨŸҶҪǱ֪ԻҪʼ
ҶﲢںЩңԼĸĸ͸һϵˣùҶء
ҶȫȫԼҶﻹжô˵ԼŬ˿ˡ
ΪҶ֮ˣⶼСӦģˣȥǼ飬ͲˡҶ׼ˡ
ȥɣ˸ЩСһעⰲȫǸõģɱҪˣ˿õսľЩһֱҶŭڰչءҶЩεЦЩСһͷ۵Ĳˡ
ԴԺԼһ飬ʹûֹͣɱħѩ壬ֻҪħ¹ʲôȥͿ
СһͷħɱҶŭֽǾȳ
Щ˿ûȡѵƴɱͣĻֻܻ
СѾҶĿ֮ˣҶҲˣͬʱҲҶǳʹսǰ޴
ҶħԨȡһֿƣŶħԨȥ
ħԨѾѩˣǰƽһħҲɼǶôƴ
һЩҶΣֻѰһЩ䵥Ķħ׬ȡ΢Ļ֣û취ʵ̫ΣˣСĶǻʼĶħⲻܹԸġ
ҶǰУʮСӣѰҶкЦַԲǧڣħֻпļͷҶΪǵ͵ĿָɱǶһ֣Ҫˡ
ҶûЩˣչħԨȥ
Զ˿һڷУɵһ㶣Ҷ֪ħԨǲܷеģΪħĿ꣬ⶼǳʶ
Ǹ˭ôǸףѵ֪ﲻܷУ
ԼǻߣΪ޵ˣһ벽ħܰԵ
Ǽ׳պ˵ʲôأǸҶʷִ³ϡҶﳤϣһϳҶȺ˵
ǵĻȻͣǻǱҶˣҶﲢûΪҶ屼ֲΪǡ
м䣬ȻҶ¶һĨ΢Цһȭǰȥ


232 СǶ
飡
һӰӿǸӰʱһװĴЦСӣⶼˣ
Ǹ˰׷Цףһ͵ĿҶҶ游Ҷŭ
үүǿҰҶЦ
ҶֻҪүүϵı֣ûүүڳ£ͳһƺүү
ΪﶼǸ߼ʿܻϼ꣬İ㣬֪ҪŵԶȥˡ
Сӳȥһˣ˲ٰҶŭҶʵļ
ǺǣүүΪҵļѷˡҶ֪ôʱҶŭһֱбǡ
ҶŭڰֵԼ˲Ҫ˵ЩĻЩСһﻹǿҪ˶þҪǸϳˣ
ۼʶǵս˶һĺӣΪҶѸеˡ
֮УǶҶݣҶŭޱȡ
ҪȥǰɣǱ߱ġ˵ŻҶŭҶԨȥ
ħԨбģҶ¸Ӧһ£Ƴʮң˽һǧҵʱ
ǰϢɭжɱ¾Ϳ񱩵Ϣ鼫Ϊꡣ
ǰַһ·ǰٶﴦҹ꺮ѩ塢Ҷ诡ҶǳϷɺܿɽӰ
һȺһͷħܿɽѩ嶥ŶħĹҹ꺮Ҷ诺ҶǳԶֳֳһлᣬͶŶħҪһ
ķѾǻ߰죬ÿһʸܸǸħش˼ѹ
ϷСӣ̤һѷɽͬʱָһѳŶħͣɧš
ҶȤĿֶ飬Ҫиʦͻȫˡ
۾ɨ˵ΪҶѩѾǻ۷壬Ҷ读죬Ҷǳһͬǻ߰죬Ϸɣû뵽СѾʼΪˡ
ܿɽչɸߵΣŶħһ񹥣ħĹ󲿷ֶܣϸֳ͸ɫס
ȻϢֻ׵ԶܻʣȴܹסħĹɼķжߡ
Ҷ￴ҹ꺮ʱͷһֱЩԼ۾۷壬û۷塣
ôʱȥˣҹ꺮ȻߵıϣҶһ
ʱǸħѾ;ƿݣ󱻷һӶͷ䴩
ǸҪһһǿϢ֣ǹͷһ󷢺
⣬ڵĶħҶŭɫһ䣬ôڵĶħ
Ҫ֪ЩڵĶħһԨʮڵĵطôѾɻʱˡ
һͷߴɵĶħͬһ۾ɨҹ꺮ˣͷѹһʯ
Ϊҹ꺮Ȼ嶼޷ƶ˴󾪣ȻǴûǿĶħ
ȻҲɱʮͷħЩڵĶħڵĶħֱԶ
Ҷŭһȡ˶ĸͷһҧȺӸϿӣҿ֧Ų˶ã
˵ҪڵĶħȥȴһ˫Ĵסһˡ
Ҷŭһ㶣ҶסԼֵүүɣ
İɣҸĶһҶŭͷҶŭشҶѾǰȥ
ڵĶħҶ诵˶Ѿŵɫ԰ףɽûһߡ
ѩ亹Ӷͷ䣬еĳźߵ˵ǿ쳷ס

ܿɽһŭ𣬵ǰȻƾԼסħ
ҹ꺮ǿͷļ¶Ҷ诵ǸϿߣ
Ҷ诵ȻһĿ־壬ûһһ벽ҹ꺮Ҫٺһεʱ
ǸڵĶħûиᣬһһȭ˻䣬ǿֲѹնҪһ㣬޾ɱ¾Ϣ
˶ˣ֪޷ˣʱһ͵˵Ķ䡰Ҷڣ˭ҲܽǴ߶ߣ
飡
ռض񱩵ϢǷһӰ۸һԳʮɵҡڣƮƮ԰֮ˡ
һֻȭͷǸħȭͷһǸӰȴεصס˶ħһ
ϴ󣡡
磡
Ҷ
Ҷͷ΢΢һЦЦһ˸ϵůҪԶŶе㱩
ԶҶŭҲҶһˣϾڵǿߣҶԼ壬ӲؽǸڵĶħһ
Ҷûзʵʵسһ¹ΪԼĹನ˺ߵˣҶŭ˲þˣֱӷɵ˽ǰʩչռʵ˴ٶ⡣
ѩһĿҶ벻Σʱ̣ȻҶǡ
ҶѾ뿪Ҷŭǿ߱Ҳˣһ˱˻ƽɫ
ͷĽ𷢷һɫսǿƥƱԶҶŭˣĸܵҶϵĿֲ
ҶȭͷڵĶħݺȥ
䣡
ر飬ҶһȭڵĶħϣֱӽ´顣
ǸڵĶħӦҶﱧŶħǱӻֱִָӽħǸϰɵˤһݺݵȥ
飡
ȸղŸ촫رҳһԲĴӣڵĶħձ¡
ҶһɫǣһβͣײϵڵĶħ
ǸħҪȻؿһɴ³ȥ
ԭԲĴӣʱһȦ⻹ֻǿʼ
飡
һı촫ӿɳʯŭʸһԶɳ
һ죬عѣԽԽ
ѩĿɿڴĿǰ龰ǼֱͬУ˷ȫһ𾪵Ŀš
ʲôʱôǿôˡѩЩ͵ĵ
ϴϴ󣬼һξҪܴһΣϴԽԽ̬ˡϷݵĵ
ҹ꺮ǸϱĴӣ߬ȭͷ
Ҫ˵ǾҶŭдˣȻоҶǿ󣬵벻ҶѾǿֵز
һΪ꣬ȻܹڵĶħ֮ûУ̫ˡ
飡
һ죬һ޴ӰӴӵײɳͷ½ϵļƣԼɳġ
ҶӰڰգкһֻáۡһڵĶħͷ­ն¡
ǿʮɸߵͷ­ڵϷŷ˼£ҶӰͷ­ϱߡ
顱еǸ˶ͷʬ壬ڵϣһ̳
ҶｫԨջڣһĸղŵĮɫܰЦǰ
ȻһսҶȻЦӯӯߵǰôʶˣ
ŴлظҶﻺߵǰҶǳ⣬ÿ˶һӵܿɽرҶﲻš
һʱҶܰĻУ·ҶﵽǾص˼һ


233 ɽ۵
ҶĳϲѣֻҶǳЩţ΢죬ʱʱ͵һҶ
ѩɴֱȡһ񣬴Ҷ֮Уȡʳҷ׷װѾԻ
ϷɺأҶЩӵľﶼԼεˣҶɴཫԼȫһ顣
ħ϶ȡԼڤ鶼û
벻ҶսѾһ˼ĳ̶ˣ;оȻһɱڵʥسϡ
ϷһѱסҶĸ첲ģζҶĸ첲ϴ󣬸̫ҸˣҪŮͺˣ
Ҷʱһ񺮣ƤֱӰ˦ɣŮҪǳô˶Ҫɱˣ
ʱôһЦҶǳҶ͵Цѡ
ЩദЩ˶ô̹ϣûаĻоʮֵů
ȻҶţǴûôɵĺദû˰ţûй˼ݣֻǼ򵥵İѡ
̫ݳˣϴα벽ħ׷ɱԼЩƽʱǿġѡһӵñӻ졣
Ǹദѵĺ壬Ǿǲ벻ԽʽǰΣûһߡ
ҶҶǳں͵ЦЩЦЦЦɣ˾Ͳˣ
ҶĻߵͨ죬Ҷǳ˵ҶһҶ۸ҵã
ãҶһ㶡
ǰǳѾˣɱ۸ŶҶ΢Щĵ
˵껹ѷ˹ЦضҶŮи崿񣬻Σŭŵʻ
ҶŭһЦҶļһϷʵصСȥһ˶ϾҪˣ
ҶŭĻʮ¶ǣŮʱͨ죬Ҷŭǳǲ÷ʲôֻӵĺˡ
үӢԺɩӶˣҶҾԽʢˡϷҶŭƨ
ϷɣǰɡҶ΢ŭеĽʶϷɱһȡ
ϷɼװһһɫضҶһ־صϴɩҪˣ
ϷɿŵıʱһЦȻϷЩǻǹһѪĺӣ֪ľУʼҲûк˰벽
ҶһѽһƣϷɵļζصģ
Ҷ֪ϷУСһôһСˣԸԼʵ̫ѵá
ϷɼҶ˵࣬ҶζҲһƣҶصһһ
ʱ䣬ҶǳĵĺţܰǢ
Ҷŭ˼ͺ󣬾ͽڻ¾뿪ˣϾǳóЩЩнɴˡ
Ҷŭߺ󣬴Ҹ޼ɵˣһҶǳҶ룬ϼգ
ҶﲻЩˣǰûע⵽ҶǳȻ
Ҷ￴ԼҶǳˣﻹһЩС⣬߰ļһע⵽Լˡ
ҳԳԺȺȹһʱҶҾ͵ϢȻҹ꺮뿪
һϰɵĹͺͺɽϣǰɫʯɢŻҰܵϢ
Ҷ￴ԶЦˣ
ҹ꺮ҲͬԶ޵ĸӣûлشҶ
ҵʶǸǰҹ꺮ȻãԼĶҡˣɺܲ㰡Ҷ
ҹ꺮̾һҲҲţҵţֻǰڣѩţ
ˣţԺҲǣֻҪһ£
ͺսһȭͷջأˣΪ˸ĳҶ
ҹ꺮۾΢΢һУҶôģ
ҶЦȻҵ۹ԲߵͲôˣΪҲʵ߷壡
ҹ꺮ͫһҶĻסˣǰһ쳬Ҷ
һôЦҶѾվҪӵĵزˡ
ǾǿߣôᶨΪԼܹһɳ
ҹ꺮Ĭһ£Ȼʵʲôǵ
Ҷ·
ҹ꺮һ㶡·
Ҷû߶ˣʵ·ָܽһ·
˵껰Ҷץһһ˶ߵʯͷԶһɽȥ
ʯͷӵһ·㣬ڵϣҹ꺮һ㶣ʡ
һһǿʯͷǰƶһֱɽ֮ϣԭҶֲַͬ
ҶָǰʯͷĺۼǾǵ
˵һʯͷӳʯͷǱֱɽȥΧɽ˼ȦŹɽϱ˼Ȧۼ
ҶЦҲǵ
ҹ꺮Ҷµĺۼκ̾˿ף
㲻ף̫ˣ԰ѵһ·ֻҪ·ͿԵɽ
ѩĵֱһֱɽȦӣɽ
ûѩĳ֣һֱԼĹ켣ʵǣֱյ㣬㿴˱˵ĵãˣĶҡˣԼķǲǴˣħסˣ
ҶĻҹ꺮һԺһƬ˼𶯡
Ҷӳ˼ʮʯǰĴɽѾһЩ۸ӵĹ켣ˣ˷ֲһһ
˵ĵͬǧߣǧΪʲôôû취壬ΪԼĵʱ򣬿˱˵ĵĶҡȥԱ˵ĵ
ҶָŰɽЩݺύĺۼڲͣĳԣȥһЩԹԶ޷ﶥ壡
ҹ꺮ǰĴɽľһͨ·ҲԼɢ
ҶĵǶȦˣûֱȥûѩôˬ죬ͨȦȴѩ忴ķ羰
ҹ꺮һҲûһ˿ãһǿƱһѹõĻɽһӱ˳
񱩵ϯܣռ䶼𶯣Բǧﶼܹ
Զѩˣ׷׳֣ԶӰȥ
ѩһȭͷص̫ˣڽˣ
˶ǳǶܹᵽҹ꺮еʹ࣬ʼΪοĻ˵ֻܸӵĴ̼ҹ꺮
ϴϴʲô⵽ûн˵ġϷһȵĵ
Ҷ￴ҹ꺮ɵһ΢ЦžţƼ䣬ܸ
ҹ꺮ҶȻڲͻƿȴ޺ֻĸʵõʧʧҲһֵ
ҹ꺮ͷҶʵ̫ˣ·𿴵һׯҲһ˿ã
Ȼ㿴ǰ·ڵ㽫һ޷۷壡
Ҷһ仰ʱҹ꺮ͬһˮɫһ䡣


234 չ
ͬĻҶҲѩ˵Ȼҹ꺮ûºѩ˵
Ҷ￴ɫ粻ҹ꺮ȻԼĻˣһС
ҹ꺮еǽɵҶУҶȻ·ǲǰķ޷ﵽ۷壡
ܵѩӰ̫ˣĵͬнĹ켣Ϳ϶һ֪Ϊнʣ
ҹ꺮һ㶣ɵñʵƿԣǳʶΪʲôҪнʣû
Լİ¶˽⣬ôܸ۷壬нʣӿΪΪ˷Я˵Լ
ǱеߣǱеľӣɱ¾вҪʣĵһ·ɱ
нʣΪҪʣͿõһֲս֮߾磡
޵⣬޵ģ޵Ǿ磬һְس⾳
Ҷｫǽǰһָ߸µƴӳϱ·һڸŴء
ҹ꺮׵壬ʱһĤݵ뷨ͷ
оǽ͸¶ĸ߰·ؼûʲôܹһ㡣
ҶһֻŽʱǽһ䣬һ߾һ㣬޾Ϣ͸¶
ҹ꺮оǽһֲԣһʾҪ쾪
Ǻ
һУǽʣһɳ콣ֱһ
ԶĴɽʱ룬Ʋ˥ضնѿһ
ҹ꺮𾪵ԼӸҶ﷢ظܵǽ
ԭӦôõģֻҪʣҪأЦԼһֱζ
ҹ꺮ǳĲԼ޽ô꣬Ȼһֱǻڽ֮⣬Ҷ㣬Ȼ
Ǻ
⻪ʧǽʣһйƽҶһ֣ǽƮҹ꺮
ҹ꺮סǽʱ˵ƶˣ˶ͬڽڵһʱȻ
ϲ㡱ҶЦŶҹ꺮
ҹ꺮мĶҶͷԽԽҶҶһ״󺣣һʱԽãԽ˽
߰ɣǻȥɣȾƣڸ㽲һ漶Ľ͹£
Ҷб߽жܵ¼ҹ꺮˵һ¡
һĮҹ꺮۷Ź⣬ȻѰȻһֶҲǺεȵǣ
ҹ꺮૵صȺ֣Ѱһֶɵã౯
ҹ꺮߶Ȼܵĸ𺳵ˣ˭ܹ޵У
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˽Ժҹ꺮ϾҪƼɵˣһ춯صĽ;Ҫˡ
˻صӪʺ󣬴ҷ׷׾ٱҹ꺮ϲҹ꺮Ȼһյı䣬Ȼһ˿ЦݸҶԸɡ
˵ϺܲܲЦЦ̫}ˣǱʾѹܴϷɿЦ
ҹ꺮
ʱһЦʵڶ̫ˣѹͷһʯ˵ء
ȻҶȡһЩƿǷַˣûһƿ
ƿһ֣ӪﶼŨҩ㣬Ƣζһ
ϷὫƿӴ򿪣ҩŨŨˣƿӹʮɫҺڸ
ϴǴ˵еɫҺϷһʵ
ôڽ֮ǰκƿҪˡҶЦ
˴ϲѣֻҶǳЩ˼ôصĶ
ҶȰԱϷɸǿص°ɣˣýɩӣ
Ϸɸ˵꣬һҽУֱӱҶӳӪʣһЦ
ҶǳǺˣҶĿӸˣüμҶ￴æܿ
Ҷ˵ԼʱҪȥɹҪҪȥԼ档
ҶﾪǣǶʾҪһϷɣҲûȥ
Ҷ诵ȥסˣ֪ϾҪԶħԨܹˣܶһ˿ʵʱܶһʹܾˡ
ҶҲǿǵ뷨ǶԵģһ죬Ҷ뿪ԷؼС
ĸк뿪Ҷȣֱ٤С
УҶص¸һöƣʱŮҶһ
һ͹ĸص³Ҷǰˣȥһοɹõİ
û취²ˣйаôˣҶʵ
ȺȲ裬Ǳ˵ģ
ԭԴҶߺ٤УͿʼܹĵĳﱸţԼҵ涼ˡ
רΪפչһᣬפչĴȻ䶯ݣǿ߷׷׸
٤ʵǿ˼λǿס˳棬ûʲôӡ
öССĹӱ˾ڽҵۣǽλչϣѾȡ˴ıϡ
ҶôϲҶٲںںǲϣ˲ϲҪġ
һչ˶٣Ҷʵ
һչʮµȱϣƷҲչһǧң˵Ͳ϶ڽָĿ˵صµݸҶ˸ָ
ռָȻռ乻󣬵ܹص޵ģһָװ
Ҷӹָ鿴һ£Ĳ϶ѳһСɽ
©Цݣ˻˵ŵ㣬ЧʾǸߡ
Щ㹻ըˣһӽҶȼü֮ǰҶĴæ
ǿ۳Ѻڽңһ¡ص½һžݸҶ
ҶûнӿЦЩǼܹϰɣһж
Ҫչҽǵһʱɣһʱչ̫࣬²ϼ۸ɣչֻü۸ԽԽߡصȰ
޷ҪЩϼãͰǸչˣֻҪвϣ¼۸ߡҶ
ȻʲôܲչĲϣ
صµôһ˵ˣ£иᣬ˽һǼˣ
УǸҶһϲ
һղһߣʮءصһ»ش
ܲܰϵһǸңԸ߼۽¡Ҷ
еΪˣе㲻ϹءصЩΪѵص
ϾзǳںԼ˽Ӱ쵽
һʲôö˽Ļлȥʲô
ҶЩйҲ⣬ҲûΪѸص£ʵʲôʱ򣬿ʼ
ȥȥ㰲һϯλҶûΪԼص¸Ͻ
־ڱصãȥҰһ°ɣ˳ҲʲôöҶЦ
ϣģϾȥţεԲʧöɲأ
Ҷ뿪٤У׼Ĵ䣬ȻһץסҶĸ첲


235 Ů
Ҷһ㶣ҪѵˣȻ˵ݣɵһ
ŷǣ
˳ȣüĿ绨ĵһŭĿҶ
ߣ㻹ϵ˼Ұ˼ҲкһΪ۾ͷءŷ΢ŭһ飬ȴһ̬ȡ
ŷЩˣԴԼǵһͬˣԼӶ˾Ȼˡ
ҶæһǸЦⲻҪΪ˱ʾŷŮǸ⣬³Ը
Ҷ˵󡱵ʱ͵͵һŷǰΰɵðһ¿ˮ
Ȼزߣؿջ꣬һֱƣŷǿֻʮ˾꣬Ϊλᷢ
ǲӦֽһؾñҲԣ뵽ŷǿֲԸΰֻڸС
ԭֻ˵˵û뵽ŷǵͷʶ࣬˵ɵȥԣҸöûԷأ
ŷ˵꣬Ҷע⵽ŮӣһЦĿԼ
ҶһΣԼҪˣŮӭԼȻӶѹŷҪ
ҶεһЦ٤°ɣҪȰ£Է¸˵
ŷĿһУЩصòԭͲͰɣ
ҶһŮ˵ԾôⶼˣæҡͷһĵصôأС뼸λԷҵңĺ°Сôܾܾأ
ߣʶ࣬٤ֻ˳һʲôƷѣⶼЩ޹ؽҪ£ǶӶˣϽȥԷɣαˣ
ŷЩĵ·ܳҶһ٣ǳĵһ顣
ŮЩ죬ŷھڤԺǿһĴڣű㵹Ȼôһ̬
ǼСܳŴæûǮѽҶ˵ŷǵһֻ֣ץסҶĸ첲ץסһ˲ǸֱĻ죬ͬһ㣬Ҷﱻ̵һС
Ů֣ˣûǮҴˣӰŮҶһֻȵ֣һװȻĵ
ŷ΢΢һЦɿҶֱۣͬʱ΢΢ȵĿҶĸ첲ѽ·ôˣһҪСİһҪѧû˵ŲԿ
Ҷ￴Լ첲ϣµһڵӡӣɵЩᡣ
ðɣ粻踺أ顱أҶɥŷĵضȥ
ҶƵ鲻ͬŷЦ绨ĸںߣ˵ЦĲѡ
ģһûʵľ¥Ҷǰ¥߾Ų㣬ÿʮɣ¥طǲ
װεĸûʵĴ¥ǰһ֮ϣӭ¥ۻĴ֣͸¶ŲԾϢԵ߶˴
ӭ¥֣׼ΪţѧʣˡҶһָӭ¥
ŷǿһ£ЩԥصҶҪһûи²
ɶŮԷǮοҶġ˵ŷеɱæĿڵϣƲˣ˸ӭ¥꣬кη
ŷŮӣȻû˵ʽɵһЦ
˵¥ǰʱʮƯŮӭһλͣԤ
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Ҷһ㶣ʵôͬ¥㻹вͬĴɣ
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򰡣УߵġҶһҧһȥļƣǸŮһ㶣Ըòҧгݰɡ
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Ŀݳǵǧڵľ£Ҷﲻа̾ҪŪת̣ǹŴתˡ
ŷȻܺãҶλԺࡢΣͬһģҪѧŶ
λѧ㣬СҶˣС֣ܺλˣôŷѧһأҶЩɻĵ
û˻صŷüŭҶƤǰɣһ𣿡
ûУС̶ֻѣѧˡҶʸڷϡ
ߣС۶ˣͲؿһЩŷһ
ҶؿһŷǰһۣЩɥصСŬһӣػԶȲѧĹģ
쵰㡭ŷǴŭҪ쭣ŮŲ˵
ŷһѽŮߵĲ˵һֱۣӽ˵ŮߣŮ߷㶵ʱ
ŷǿҶǸһ˿΢ЦЦݺŷǵϣ޲ɷ
ҶȴĵһֲܾõԤУȻŷЦѧܼȻô󷽣ǽԷˣô˵ҲѧƷ̫಻ǣ
ȻתͷŮߵ㿴һҵĲѾˣϱҶ˼Ǻţ
Ůһ㶣˵һһ㶵С㣬ֻˣ
ǵġŷ΢Цͷ
ҶдϲԼС֮ĶȾ֮ˣ˼һôΪԼ룬ʵЩ
ҪѲ˵ӹô˵ҲҪʮ˲УҪԵԼ̫Сˡ
ȻŷǼҵǲҪģ
ҪģŮһ㶡
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ͨҶϻ䣬һƨڵϡ
Ҷʧ̬ʱŷǺŮһЦŷǸǺûƷĻһŶӡ
Ҷεĵشӵ˫΢΢ЩķӣԼķλϡ
ѧ㣬Եô𣿡Ҷ￴ŷǵ
ŷһЦһ߻شôˣԲ𣿡
ҶһŷһĴָ޵ðɣѧ䣡
ĶһЦҶתͷǸŮߵɣѲȫ
Ů߱ΪǿЦģԭҲһ͵ЦҶô˵һǿǺüٵ˰˵ĸˣʮ˶Բ갡
޷ؿˣͬſθȥɡҶЦ
ҶֻǿЦģ桱ŷǼҶôˣΪҶˣæ
СôССܵθԱȽؿĶࡱҶЦ
ŷһ죬޺޵صҶһۣ㲻˵
ҶЦǺǵӸǸŮһҵСѣʱǸŮϲ񣬸æȥµȥˡ
ŮߺһС죬ȻһŲǺгķΧ


236 
Ůߺ໥Ϥһ£Χ˲٣ҶʱлעǵΪ
Ҷﾪȵࡢζ˶ǰ벽ǿߣŷѾһʵʵǿˣҶҪѯʣȻһŲ
Ҷûлͷʶɨһ£˹ˣǼΪᣬҲͶʮͷΪȻǿߡ
Ҷһǿʲôʱɴײˣôôࡣ
Ȼֱͣӱһȥ˶ŻȲһǿ׳ļƻǵ
֣֡ͬʱһҪúףһһͷЦ
ȷʵˣܣͬһͻ龳ⶼ飬עҪԶսϴʡһɫ۵ӣӦĵ
ҵ֮ʣ統ս벻ʶѰһüҡͷӾƺʮֿһ㡣
ҶһȥһֱҾ͹Ҫˣǰ˱Լ̫ˡ
Ȼո̤ϵϢй˴ܴѹȻǲںϢй±˲֪ǿһ㡣
˶һĿ˵ļƣ˸λ£Ҷһ۶ûһۡ
Ҷ°Цû뵽нл⣬Ǵ۽ˡ
ҶɻЦŸҶСܣֱţ
ĽܣҶ˽⵽Ǹͷﳤ٣԰Ʒ壬ĺĵݺܸߡ
Ҳ࣬ǸŵĺĵӣǸɫ۵Ԫȭš
һŰüеζˣŴ꣬Ժȡ
Ȼ˵̬ЩΪȻòϣȷʵ츳ͳɾ
ŷһмصֻ֪ߵغСӶѣˣҲҳţ
ҶǺһЦŷǻԸ뵽ʲô˵ʲôǺܺ
Ҷ˵ֻͣǼ˵Цš
֣˵ֵܣΪβμ޴ȣչ¶ͷһģ
ôˣʱԺǵϷˣȻŮҵȸǺáͷﳤЩεĵ
ﳤٵĻ˼˰ΣԪյصֵĻ˵ˣҪǶջطаɣµУֻһ֣ЩŮǺʧɱѳҵð찡
͡ҶŲأԪĻûѿеĲˮЦᶼˡ
ŷǵˣԪĻҶĻ£ʱһЦö
Ц˼ߵ˶ʱŭﳤתͷҶߺȵǺˣҳЦҴү
˶ʱתͷҶŭĿӣǿŷǵʱϵķŭˣɵĿɿڴſǡ
Ҷ￴ֱ֣ŷȴֱüǷǳϲ˼עӡ
лǸͷﳤ٣һӾзӦæߵҶǰŷһҾףصСղʧˣͻˣС£
һɫ۳۵ԪҲ˹ǸԭŴ꣬ŷǺ󣬿ʱ
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Ҷﲻ֪ǣŷǼ뿪Ժݳԣ֪ŷֵ˺ܶ࣬Ǽ˼١
ŷȻЩˣǲʧһȻ˵˾ˣȥæɣҸҪԷˣ
ŷǵ˼ԣҪ뿪أͱŷǵòôľôȥ
ҪɣԵС뼸λΣﳤټΪϵĵĶҲͬСһ㡣
ҶûЦԼͣŷǷҪԼȻɵñԸɱ
ŷŭǳϲǰˣǵĿ⣬Ҫ˼Լݣ̫ʧ
֮ŷǿҶЦֻɵðŭҪͻȻһתǻһ˿ײĹЦ
ŷü΢ĿԹ͵͵ؿҶһۣصλСóԷСøмҵһλѻģ
˶ʱɫһ䣬ŭ˭
ҶȻЩԣ˵ôȻ˶ŭĿԼ
ȻһֻסҶĸ첲ŷǴĿ˿ĿҶϣ˵Ҷ磬ܰԵģҸ˶˵ģ
ҶﱻŷŸ첲ᴥҶܹܵŷǰΰԼظž˵ĵԡ
Ҷﻹûϸأ罣һĿ⣬ҶҪҶ̴
ҶаݣѾͷǸǻһݣб˲ռ˵첲ŷǵǰļ˼˵ĵҶ
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֪ʱ򣬾ԲǷʱŷһƬ࣬˵ǿ߰ɣȻҶȥҪˣ
ʲô˶ʱ۾ŵĿҶŭѾǳ׵ȼˡ
Ҫ֪ŷǵ֮ݣֱ࿴һ۶˾һ£Ȼ˴
˶ʱŭڣеĻҽ޲ܹҶճɻҽ
ҶʱһŷǼֱǿ˲ʲôЦȥҪԼƴˡ
ҶҪ˵һֻסҶͣŷһԵصҶ磬㲻Ҫˣ֪Լã֪ˣҰɣ
࣬ζŮĿɿڴĿǰ龰˫סѾųˡOεͣǼֱʶŷˣ⻹ӡУ߰𱬵ŷ
˶ʱŭָҶıӵ쵰Ҫ㵥Ҫԣϣ
Ҷ֪ӦʱŷһϲصλʿѵǿԽСŮСŮĸмҾͿԲܿˣ
ﳤٶʱ̲סˣֱӳ֣ҶĲץ䣬Ӧ죬ҪֳӢ۾ϣܹ˷ġ
ʱŷǼԼıѾóѣĿ¶һ˿΢Цϻװһı飬æ㵽ࡢζŮߡ
ࡢζŮһɻĿһЦŷǣǶʱ˼
Ůʱһۣ˶ԷеΣԺһŮʲôʱħŮˡ


237 
Ҷ˵ﳤٵѾҶĺˣҶＱæԱһ
ոնﳤٵһŴԪĹҲˣҶﲻԸӮ
ϾԷģһأ̫ɷ羰ˣҶﲢмܣǹޱȣû½ǡ
ʵⶼᣬʵѡҶ͵
ޣ˭ѡŴһƱҶܹмĵ
ȻŴҶ˼Ϊʽ飬ʱŷһ͵Ц
Ҷһ⣬һ߶ǵĹҸǸŮѣڸλЦģ
ޣƭ˭أǸҲôƯѣɵ𣿡ԪŭҶһȭͷӳ
Щࡢζ̲סˣ;ԼҪЦŮʱЦһš
ҶŭҲϹˡ
쵰ֻ𣿾ͲһһսŴ˾ù£
Ȼ֣Ȼ˼¥ıԼ
Ƕǳղڶٷ֮һӲ
ҶֻһССߣȻƾһ׹ԼζôãЩ²̨Լҡ
Ҫǹ˼¥ȫ֣ôҶң˶°ŭ
ҶҲ֪ȥǰ취һԱߺŲˮЦȻŷǣҶһЦ
Ҷһ˾¥һţ¶һֻĳ򣬾ôƯڰС
˼Ҷڳ˾¥дϲֱӸҶ˳˶ʱҶΧס
СӣڳˣүãҲҪֻȥΪˡﳤٹЦ
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ߣһƾϲ£첻ɱ㣬Ѿ쿪ˡŴһмĵ
Ҷһ󲻿죬ԭΪ˲ʲôˣֻֻǸ߰һЩѣŵĵӣԽк
Ҷ֪⿴ȥ㲻ˣȻĺҪΪҶɫһ
ȷҪΪҶʵ
ϻʶľԼ֣ǲмɱϡŴһͷĵ
ԭһЦֵŷǼҶɫ£һͻȻֲõԤС
࣬ζŮЩĵǽ㣬ȥҶɣϾΪȥԴģ
Ҷɫת䣬ŷЩεصЦ¿ˣҶˣǲ֣ܲ
˼ҶɫΪˣɵһģŴ겻ͷصû𣿲ǷΪûҪԥʲô
ҶؿǣһһصҸһλᣬڹüǻ
СӷˣȻҾͳȫ㡱ﳤ˵껰һӣһɿռ֮Ҷ
ͬʱ˳֣Ȼ˭Ҳ벽ȻǶҪӢۡ
˶ȫ֣ȻѾ˼ҶˣȻҶǵһĲֵ
ζŮȫҶ֣ɵ÷һŷǴʱЩڣΪԼԸеա
ֻΪԼһʱԣҶΣȻû뵽ôء
˹δǿֲѹѾҶϵҲû˿Σȫ
ǵƵıݳǶˣǿ߷׷׷ϰգ
飡
һ죬ﳤٵ˵Ĺײһ𣬵ǲûг֣ѪɵĳΪҶʧˡ
ŷǼҶ˹ȥ٣Ȼ֪Ҷ㲻ˣӦҲܡ
Ҫ֪ǰҶھڤԺʱ򣬿һͰǿκɽɱˣŸҿЦ
ζŮ֪ҶʱǶڱչأոճأͱŷ˳֪ҶΪ
ҶգһղŵһɰŻˡ
ﳤ١ԪŴ˼ԼĹգɵһ㶡
Ҷʩչ˿ռһʼǿߣǲѿġ
һ㶵ʱһͷϷѾȷϹˣȷʵϵңлɱҵ뷨ôͲҪˣ
һæ̧ͷȥֻҶͷϿգڷ裬۰ڶ˫ؿǡ
֪Ϊʲôƽȴͷ˿־壬·Լһ㡣
˶ǿߣܿͻָ˹ҶȻƺ㣬Ϊǻߣɵһ󳰷
СӣҸıˣҪɱ㣬ᡱﳤٿҶЦ
ȷҶĿﳤٵ
ȷȥɡﳤٴһϢһ㶼ûȫ۷壬Ҷȥ
˼ﳤٶˣҲ׷ȫ֣һнҶɱ
ԶأղһѾǺܶˣΪܵǣȻһ߶㿪ˡ
ҪʧԺҶɱˣҲΪݳǵЦ
찡ֳ۸ˣ
㲻ҪС㣡
֣ȻֶԸһߣԽԽûƷˣ
û취˭˼ҿɽӲأ㱻۸Ҳţ
㾡ȫԼҶǻһĨ΢Цﳤٵһȹ
ҶһӣҲһƻӭﳤٵƣʧǣûз춯ص
ﳤٸоԼһƣ޻һ㣬ϱߵû䣬ָоѪ
ϾͿʼȻˣΪҶһƺﳤٷԼƾȻҶסֲ
ﳤŬض˼Σûһֺ֮ʣҶﻺ̧һţصĵﴦ
ۡһ죬Ǻܴ󣬵Ƿˣǻһ
ΪǸǵѵ˵п
ﳤٶʱԼĵһԭڵԪ˲ķѣʧӰա
һɲǼﳤɵˣɵˣһֻϵˣű˾񣬽пʵֵԼ
ҶһɣԪȫʧﳤһһ㣬ȥ
ԪŴĿﳤٱϣѾˣΪѾ嵽Ҷǰ
ֹסԼΣȻ˻ķɶ꣬һȼյĻײȥ
˾񣬳ֳĵĿ־壬ЩƽĿ˵ţĺˡ
ŷǺζŮʱˣȻ벻Ҷ˸ɾ䣬һ֮¾ͷ˰Ʒĺĵӡ
Ҫ֪Ʒݳǵĳ֮һǵĺĵӣҪŭˡ
ŷһƬΡһôôǻأһٲǵ
ҶһƬƽûһ˿鲨˫ֻ𣬶ץ䡣


238 
ԶһЩսǿǣƷﳤپôˣ޲ɫһ䡣
ܵĴݳǺ˲֪ģȻЩǼ˲ʶ
찡ﳤٱˣ
˭ôô֮𣿡
Ϊ߶ѣȻôɻ̫ǿˣ
شϢĸϽ㱨ȥ
Զ۷׷֮ʣҶһƬƽûһ˿鲨˫ֻ𣬶ץ䡣
ԪŴ󾪣Ѿûκΰ취ˣֻӲͷƤ
˶ͬʱһȫϣֻϣһܹҶ
ѾܹҶˣȻҲһӵģּܹͷﳤ٣˾ԲܹԸġ
ûʱ˼ҶΪʲôôǿֻϣܹҶˣҪġ
ϧǵϣˣ˵һȭһƣҶ˫ֽ¡
ͬʱҶҽͬһ㣬صڶ˵ĵ֮ϡ
ۣ
죬˵ĶУȴȾ׻Ҫ
ڵԪţ˶ʱɫ䣬ͬʱã
ԴӳΪ˺ĵӺݺô꣬޼ɣֻ۸˵ķݣûԼбϵһ졣
ŵѵǶɵˣԺиһƬհףҶһɣ˶ʱӰɸ߿յڵϡ
飡
죬ﳤٺԪŴȺڵϣ涼ҵһ
Ȼ˵ﱻϣǿûʲôı䣬ȻӰɸ߿ˤ£ǲ޴󰭡
Զֵ˶һȻһӽĺĵӷˣݳҪˡ
һЩ˼ԶȥȻǻȥѶȥˣĴ£ϣһʱԼš
֮Ҷ￴ûһۣһ𣬷ɻӭ¥
ս¥㣬ŷǼæӭһصԲҶǲã˴
Ҷﲻɵһ㶣Ȼ֪ŷЩĳɷ֣¸
ŷǵĶֻһط۸ˣĽɻᷢ
ȻҶﲻʲôͣҲʹߣǾ̲סֵġ
Ҷŷ¶һЦŮҶô
ŷһ죬ɵҶһ£ֵʲôʱˣ㻹鿪Ц
ҶЩνߵԼλϣԼһ衰ŷôʲôϾҪˣ
ŷĿԲҶŭɵѾ˴ˣϽһԺѻˣ
˵ŷĿһ죬æתҶ￴Լ۾
ڵûڲѣʹԼԣԼʲô¶ûˡ
ŷ飬Ҷһ㶣û뵽ŷǾȻôԼ
ŷ͵͵ԼȥһԼıȻһЩתͷҶھ͸һȥֻүүܱסˣ
ŷǵţ޹ǵĴУҶͷһȣһ¡
ŷǶʱһ˫ͨ죬ŭʲôʱˣǵÿ͡
ҶﻹҡҡͷЩǶܲ˵ģΪߣҪȥһУ
㡭㡭ŷǼҶﲻߣʱˮ˳һҶﻳȭҶǰͷ󱿵Ұء
ʱζλԺŮ˼ѹһֱŷǶǰ꣬ôЩһء
ѧ˵ûǳϢûɢӦøϿ뿪֮ߣӦóƥ֮£
ҶǼȫŷǵķ㣬˶ҪˣĻһֶû
ŷǿһȻѹͨ죬뿪ҶĻ
Ҷһģŭϲæͷȥȥ
ڴʱӴҶŮҶǰЩӵصʿ͹٣Ĳ˻Ҫ𣿡
ϣϰղŴһܸպöӶˡҶʱεл˹æ
ŮһĿҶһ۵õģϾ
ȻͬŮߵĻƬ̺Ʒˮһ㱻
ζŮЩεĿŷǣȻǵŷǵ
ŷǴʱѾԻظϵĺΣûȥ
ŷ͵͵ҶһۣŶ˵ȻȥɣҶҸҶһе
Ҷͷһɫ΢΢һ䣬ŷǵĻĲ֡
ԴȥҶԸŮԶ֮һֲɳ֮ء
ʹòŷǣҶҲûԼȥռⷽ˽ĶС
ŷǵı֣Ѿ׵˵һЩ⣬Ҷ￴ŷǣĨһĨ͡
ŷǿҶ񣬶ʱһƾŮ˵ֱ֪ҶʵһֱųԼ
񿴵ҶԵĸоԼҶָ֮ʧˣһۡ
˶һۣЩεصȻѧ㶼ߣҲߣʲôǾһ԰ɣ
벻þȻҲ壬Ҷﲻ¸жףѩ̿ѣ˸Ҷﾴ塣
ȻҶˣǾȳԱ˵ɣҲһһսءҶЦָϵʳ
Ѿ˾ʱ£ֿʼ˵ЦȻͬľʲôںˡ
Ҷſ࣬ҶżСЦǿĲѣٵĴʱˡ
ǵʳʵ̫Сٵ˼ҶԵģ˵ʱһԵ߰ٶҡ
Ҷһ㶼ۣǿǴϷʥصӵĿռָÿָǼڵۡ
Ҫ֪ǿɶϷʥصľӢӣһͣ±Ҷ
ٷԵĺܿģȻûôԱζȷʵ൱ʱҶӸǸŮһҡ
ǸŮ߶ʱҶǧлȻҶĴ;Կƴֱʡ
ոսˣһǿĲһƬѹѹӰＲ۶
üˣϢǿޱȣҶﻺɳ¥⣬ϸһԶЩӰȻڵǿߣĴ󲿷ֶ벽
ҶҾߵŮУŷʺġҶԺ
ô˵Ҷʵ
㿴һ棬ʹôˣЩһа̶ȣȶħǿ϶٣桱Ц
ҶһһֻҪɱͻ˷ܵĲˡ
ʱЩ˼ٿȻγɵǿѹ˺ѡ
ζ˶ʱɫЩ԰ףŷǼҶվǰһ·Ҫһǧһ㡣
ŷǹҶߣҶֵҪ£Ҳ㣡
Ҷһ𣬸Ҫ˵Էһŭ
˭ҰƷӣٳ


239 Ⱥս
˭ҰƷӣٳһŭðݳǶŲ
һŭһİٶ˵ʱҶˣصΧ
ΪһߣղǵһλߺȻϽкϢѾҶ
Ⱥﳤٵ˱˼ţһԹĿҶǸߵ壬Сӷϵǣץģôʹ죡
ǸΪߵͷ΢ЩĿһҶСӣֶӣ
Ҷͷû˵
ãȻǾûˡǸ۾һУһɱɱ⣬żѹȶ
ϼһһжҸɵģûϵ뿪ɡҶɵĵ
УһģǸŮ˱£⳥ǵġ߻û˵ﳤٶʱе
˵껰ﳤһԹĿҶСӣҲɱ㣬Ҫ㿴Ůˣ
ŷǶʱɫֻ࣬ס˽ҪǰȻҶס
Ҷŷǵɱ֣ɣ
˵껰ҶͻȻʧǰǰߵڵߣʱһҪ֡
Сģ
ϧˣҶٴγֵʱԭ˼ŵﳤ٣ѾҶϡ
ʱϵԹѾˣȡ֮һƬ־壬ΪҶֽץĺ
ڳ˶һҶٶ̫ˣֱʤڳ˶Ǹ֣ǶóҶûжðռ֮
Ҷﶯÿռ֮Ļڳ˵һʱͻõļ٣˭û뵽Ҷ˴󵨡
쵰ſֶӣϷʬΡǸﳤٳƺΪߣȵ
ֻԼֶӵҶУֻܴвҶ
ϧҶûеﳤ٣һЦֽг٣ϧûץסᣬ㳤ٲˣ
˵һꡱһ죬ﳤٵĲӶʱϣϢʧ
ҶǸĿɿڴߣЩǸص˼вһвңҾͻɳһЩɵ
ҶЦúܺ񣬵˵ĶУ·һƬѩС
ȫ˶ˣԷҶŷǵҲˡ
ҶǿƵֶΣҵ˼ҳɱˣ⵨ʵ̫ˡ
ȻŷҲֻɱˣǰԼ֪ɹģôǿߣԼֻйߣŻһ¶ѡ
û뵽ҶŻˣôŴҵ棬һĺĵӸɱˡ
쵰С
һ¡¡ŭǸﳤٳΪߣʱһҶ
ҶҪһĽ⣬Ǹӭͷն䡣
Ǹ߶ʱһǸ⻹ûӿȵѾев
˲Ҷȭͷǵ䡣
ϣ
һ춯ǸﳤٳΪ߶ʱһĿ½ƮƮŷǡ
ԭŷǼǸ߶Ҷ֣ҶӲڵһ˲佫˼ޣء
ʱŷͬһֻԡķˣɢŻɫ˿裬ģŮ·
Ҷû뵽ո̤ŷǾȻǿ󣬾ȻܹӲǿһ
ûʲôֵģǺ壬ǰɽڵŮһɾͲ͵
壿
ŮĻ壬Ԫ׺ﵽǲٶ죬ҼԦԪأ󣬾ԶʱڣֵĸҲǺܵ͵ġЩп
ԭԪ׺ﵽʮν壬Ҷﲻ֪ǣȻȻǺĽ塣
ǸﳤٳΪߣԼһ£һ󣬸ŭС
Ǹŭһгһѳŷն䡣
ŷüһŭ⣬һ߳ĳһߣųӭȥ
飡
һŷǱϾΪǳǿɣѪӿ
ȻһֻůĴ֣ĺģϵжȥͬʱһ͵ڣʱڷӿѪѹȥ
Ҷ
ŷǱҶţ΢죬ؽһ
åң㣬Ҿͳ족ҶЦŰο
ҶĻڰοСһŷȴǳůǳġ
ҶתͷǸﳤٳΪߣһЦȻ棬ҾǣҪȡˣ͸ɣ
˵ҶŷǺζŮȥٶȲ죬ȷظǣԼмܡ
߶һۣͷǹŹ֣ڳж֣˼̫࣬ȥ⡣
ôǿڳȺͣҲߣοͬ顣
λߴһȺ˸ҶǰһȺں󣬻ȥ
ݳڷˣ˷׷໥ת棬׷׸ڶĺߡ
߰⿪սɱ˰Ʒĺĵӣȥ
찡ôǿǽⲻˣһҪȥ
ô˧Ʒ˵ˣǴ򲻹ǣ
ۺö˶ȥˣһҪȥ
һʮʮ٣ζˣֵԽԽࡣ
ǰۿǷ׷״¼ǰӭ¥ǰĿ̵С̷ǣ˴ơ
һЩݵ˴󣬶Ӹǧ˰ٽҸǣһ׬Ǯǰ뱲׬Ķ࣬һֵÿιȥˡ
ԽԽ࣬Ҷ˷ɳǧͣ˽ŲһֻԶֵȺͬˮһ㡣
ҶﲻɵһΣ飬ĸʱڶôѹѹȺ벻
СӣҺǵ֮ˡҶͣ˽ŲǸﳤٳΪЦ
Ҷ￴ܵɽˮһϧصϧôõطȻ񼸸ϰӣǷף
Сӣ;ˢƤɣǲȥģǵĵӣôʹʹˡλУһݵߣһɭɭĵ
Բôʹ죬Ҫһһĥ
ϵŴԪԹؽеѧˣȺ溰Ҷ﹥
ҶһЦҰмĿ˵ǾһȺӲƽʱԼıһЩ۸СĹƾҲҶĳΪУ
ҶĻﱻ˵˰нкãԶսĴ󲿷ֶɢޣ۸ľǣƽʱǸŭԣ˳ͷʱ޲١
ƿСôĿ㸸ĸû̹㣬Ҫǫ𣿡λ߱һӲмĳ
Ҷһ䣬һۣͬʱһε˳ȥ

ǸӣʱһҽУ˫ֱͷӿе䣬ڵֱ


240 Ҫ
˶һҶδֻһۣ˱һҽе䣬ڵϹһ󣬱㲻ٹȻվٺһɵЦ
ЦͷƤһ飬ΪǶ֣ѾΪһ׳ա
ֻһۣһ벽ǿߣ˰׳գĹ̫졣
꼼ڵˡһλ߶ʱһ
ҶûˣŷСԱߵһ
ŷǶʱһǿλǿ߰һôУ
İɣһȺ˷ʳķͰѡҶЦ
ҶЦݣŷǷһ΢΢һ죬ȻЩףǹɵصһͷŶ˻ȥҶﱣһ롣
СӣϷ㻰Ǹ˵ߣҶûʱñס
ЩƽʱǸ߸ϵĸ֣ʲôʱӹû̳Ѿǲˡ
Ҷб۾ǸһۣмصϰӣϹ˵йϹƨ
СǸ߱Ҷû
Ҷ￴һۣǰ˵˸ǲһûһϵûУȻ붯־ɣ
һҶĻɵһֻҪʲôţͺðˡ
С
ǸҶ˺üεߣǳȭŵĳϣҶԳûбʱ޹˼һȭҶ
Ҷ￴һȭԼؿڣüͷûһ£ûһ㣬Ŀɿڴ£һָֻ߸߾𣬺ݺ˹ȥ
飡
ž
һǸȭŵĳϣһȭҶؿڵ޹ģҶȴһû
ҶǸȭųʱһǸȭų϶ʱɡ
ԶսĶǸ֣ޱȣǸȭųϷɳȥͬʱѪ滹ݡ
䣡
ǸȭųײڴϣرײһԲĴӣѷӡ
˻
ԶսǶǵһĿɿڴĿŵϵĴӣζӦ
쵰
һŭԵ´ǸȭųͷɢĴӴ𣬴ʱжһͷҶ￳䡣
ҶĿɿڴУ֣Ÿͷץȥ
ž
󸫱Ҷץסͬʱһֻӳһصض⣬˦Ǹȭųϵһϡ
䣡
Ǹȭųϵ屻ɣڴϣȻһµĿնģһ˿һ
쵰ϷҪ
ȭųѾ״񣬾󸫶ҶǸﳤٳΪİƷ峤ϣʣµǸȵĳ϶һۣ׷׳Ҷȥ
һʱλǿߣͬʱҶչҶһȭͷһҡ
Ҷȭͷǵıϣú죬ȻΧû˿
ûɣ̫˰ɣһλڣ
һﵽ˭ôͣôû˵
һѾŵķ룬Ѿһˣ
ŷǿԶ״Ҷޱ𶯣ԴϴμʶҶսͿʼޡ
Ѿս֮ͬУûܹսڣҲһʤ㡣
ǰҶֻһ߶ѣȻƾһֿ֮ȭλڣȡ
ŷǣνöˣ°ͶˣҶսѾԽսķˡ
һԽսָ۷Ի߳ڣ۷԰벽ҶսѾû취ˡ
飡
첻ϣҶȭͷ󿪴ϣ˲˿·磬ԽսԽ¡
˭Ҳ֪սԶĿռڣӰۿ±ⳡս
ҶǡҶŭҶ
ҶЦҶŭô˵ûɣҶѾɳ󼰵ĸ߶ȣ
ҶŭһοĿ·Ӱȫ˷ܣһ仰Ҳ˵
ҶһӵĿҶɵа̾ԼһϵܶΪҶﶼҷˣҶʮԹ޵ġ
ǽ쿴Ҷı֣Թʧˣرˣˡ
ҶﶼѾܹˣοҶʮ갡Ժķչռֲ̫ˡ
ԭҶսȫɵע⣬ҶҲˣҶﱻΧʱٱ
ҶǴŶ˹û¶棬֪ˣҪǴŶϷ
ֻԶһеŷǵʱ򣬲ɵáסһǳľȡ
ҶŭҶҲҶǵĿ⿴ȥҲŷǣҶǲɵ̾ҶСӣǺðߵĺ֪һһǿŮ޾Ȼ֮壡
ҶŭһЦԼӼֱ̫ǿˣͣʲôȶĳϢοء
ڸҶսԶսָָ㣬ŴĵǣֻܴĿǰĴս
ǶоԼһһοһͱԼˣսܹôǿ
ƷĳϼԼ˺ȻòСӣɵðŵǶˡ
ƷĳһתһڵٽŮ޻ɱ
һȣԶսҲ̲סˣ׷ƿڴ
Ҳ٣̫˰ɣ˴򲻹˼һɱ˼ͬ飡
ҲΪߣ涪ˣô鶹ײ
һȺʺĶǻȻţƤʵ̫˰ɣ
ǸƷ峤ϵĻĹߣܶ˶
Ŀŵ㣬Ķܿ԰ɣеĸɴཫͷò޼ɵȻ֮ǰûǵ۸
϶ʱģ䣬Щ쵰ҪӴ
ЩǣϷֻӲͷƤŷǵ˳ȥ
ס֣
һȣҶһȭӳ񱩵λǿ߱ˡ
ҶһĿˣʱЩ̲סˣԭԼûɱˡ
ֻǸһЩѵϣ֪Ѷˣһ£ϾͬһݣûҪôˡ
ȺҪļһȻԼͬвԼҶﲻɵÿ쵽˱ߵıԵ
СˣѾˣǽһܡƷĳЦ
СӣϷ򲻰Ƥͷ֮ޣκβ㣬Ͱһɱ㴦޾ʹ֮УôǵĴۡǸҶƵȭߣҧгݵĵ
ҶһǿѹеķŭȻҶ֪һսʼŷҲƾǿսԱãȻ֮¡
ҶﾡԼƽһЩʵ֮仹ûݵľ棬Ȱǻǰֵĺã
Сǹ׳ˣǻĵڵɱ


241 
Ǹߵһ£ŵĵǣ׷׳ŷ˱ȥ
ҶŭΣҪȥԮҶһסİɣû˺ǣǿҶô죡
ʱҶǸսȻѡˣǾͱˣ
ͬʱҶһ˱˻ƽɫ񱩵Ϣλڵߣɫ䡣
ȻǸΪǻΪϢǿ̶ȣǶҪеļ¡
ٻƽսҶͬһƽɵսǿѹȫ
ЩܵĵѾ׷̧ͷŰеҶȫ֮ɫ
ʲôսؼ
ǿƣôԶ˸оļ£
ٺ٣̫ǿˣɱɱɣɱȺӲ˵
ŷǺζŮҶٻ˻ƽս֪ԭҶղŲûóȫ
ԼܵвŶ˵ơ
Ҷһ̾ĿҶСһǻԼϲ
Ҫ£ȻսǰǼŮɱƷϴ
Щԭͣ½ŲĵӣʱٴζŮȥҶ￴ǣûзŭеֻһƬ䡣
·㲻ߣͶҾΪǿ֮Űɣ
Ҷ˫ֽӡҶﶯҶһԲĹͬһ̫һ㣬ҫ۵Ĺâͫ״ʹ

Ҷһͺ˫ӡҶ˫ֲǸ򻺻ֿ
һŵֻϸĵ˻ῴĹ⽣ɡ
һ֣÷ԲĿռһ·ܲסɿֲһ㡣
ҶǿǸ޴ʱͫ΢΢һ鼼СӾȻ˫ݣ
ʱһЩʶˣҲ˲˼ľ鼼ôܣ
Ҫ֪ղҶղűֳǿ˶ȷҶһʵޡ
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ҶһʮɵţҶͬ·еĸʥ
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λ϶һۣƷĳϲмĿҶСӣǳǿǿͬɻ
ôһвǣòĶֻһͷڳŻ˵İɣ
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ǧֻ齣ҶԨ󣬵õлҶΪѾͻ˻߶죬齣ٶȸӿˡ
ۣ
ҽ֮ϣ˲мʮӱ齣նɱɺüΣѪɣ֫ϱۣ׷״ӿе䡣
һסˣҶһֱȰƷȥкܶ˶ΪҶﲻơ
Ѫܵʵ֤Ҷ˵ĶģûаŻǵ˼
һӴмʮҲƴĵֵǧֻ齣꣬ʤÿе
ĳɵˣԼ¾ӢӾôɱһ׷ɱŵû
ͣ£ͣ£Ըƽ⡱Ʒ峤ϸæ
ҶǣʹָЩ齣ɱ
Ĺİٶӣʱնɱ˽һ룬ʣĵӶˡ
ǵԽ٣ԽѶԸ齣ߵһȥ齣в͸ˡ

һƷĵӣüһҽоͱնϣֲĺУ﷢ë
ͶһȭŵĵӣһŤͷȥֻǸձһͷն䡣
쵰ȥĳϣҶͣ£֪ǲˡ
׷׳ҶɱҶһߣĶһָ齣һȭͷȭųϵĴͷ䡣
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ǿƷȻôҶһȭˣһȭж󰡡
ûǸȭŵĳϻָҶһȭ˹ɵһ󾪻ţûҪǱҶһȭĻڣ
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ģҶжӦֶΣֻҪǵ˾ᡱҶŭ˷ֱܵĴȣͺԼڲսһ㡣
սԴѾһߺڵǿߣǱѾˣİٶһʣµûסȫնɱ
ȫһƬѻȸµСһֵ˶ûˣǶĻηĿҶ
Ҷɳ۷裬ڷƮƮûһǱǰĴսһϵûһ㡣
ŷŮҲЩľȻĿƬһսİٸӢӣһλڵĳϣô
ƷĳϺͺȵĳϣһۣǶ˶ԷеĿ־塣
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ܣҶֻһˣֻҪȥ׷һˣһ˱Ȼþȡ
˭ùͿҶ￴˭˳ˣ˵ܶʱһƬ
ЩһЩɴ˿ڡƷôˣ̫˰ɣ
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Ǹȵĳϣƽʱ۸˼Сŵʱεţôһܰ
ɶ񰡣ǲӣǹû˵ɥ֮Ȯ
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ܣҶһ˸ںȳǰӰٱٶȣȥɡ
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ۣ
˽Ҷеһ͸ĳϱѪ䡣
ȵĳ΢΢һ£Եڵأһ죬һǿ߾ʹսᡣ
ƷĳѾʮ⣬ͷҶֻ׷ȵĳϣʱϲ
һ߿񱼣һ߸Сӣˣļ壬ѣᱻƷɱģŰɣ
ҶﲻмĿԶӴܵӰǻһĨЦһѪĳҶС


242 ʥ
ҶﲻмĿԶӴܵӰǻһĨЦһѪĳҶС
Ѫɫ֣ûκεĲƶûһѷǳƽĹ
еҶȴһܵǰѳĲǡ
֣Ҷﳤ裬һ֧ʸҶָ֣⻮һߣڹ֮ϡ
ѪɫҶһʮɵ£Ȼڰ죬ɢ͵Ĺâ
ն޷赲ʥĹԣĳ֣صļԪؿʼٲ
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˲ɻƽɫҶһɡ
һɫ磬Խʱյľ룬뿪˹ң͵ǸƷ峤ϵĺġ
ǸƷĳȴ˿δɼٿ񱼡
ۣ
ǵɫش壬ڴһɲǣ񱩵ƻըķѣѪ졣
һǿҲˣսԴȫĻŵλϣİٶλӢȫ¾һա
ǵ𾪾þ޷ƽ˵˭˵
Ȼһ߳ڰУ˵Ҷһ¡
˳ֵ̫ͻȻˣ˶ʼϲҶﶼû뵽ʱǸѾҶ֡
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ԴҶ¾ΧＫΪУǶвĶӦ
Ҷ֪һϹˣҶһƽսǹ֡
̣
ƽսǹǸƽϣҶʱоһ۵һһѪ˵ɳȥ
Ҷ
ŷǷһæɵҶҪҶס

Ҷһոպ꣬һѪһĿŷǡ
ŷһΪʲôҶﲻԼĽסҶһһͣΡ
䣡
Ҷͬ׹أݺݵײһɽϣɽ˲
ɽݣһɿ񱩵ԲǧĴҳһӣµĻҽһƬľ
Ҷŷ֪ҶΪʲôȻȥˣ˭˭ֱӱɷɻҡ
ŷˮӿŴķȥлһϣҪҸ׵ʱ򣬽Ҷҵ
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İɣǸĹ֮ǵģҪһЩĥĥǣкôҶʱ̹עҶĶ
ͷһЩڿռеϹ֣Ǹ֣߳ûֹԼĴ㡣
ҶţͬлϺ֣ҪһЩǿĶȥĥ
ʹʧˣ˵Ҳ޺ֻԵøͷˣŻٳɳ
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ŷǼҶϲ˫Լӣٴӿ
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찡ҿʲôǸ˭ͨһܽǸСӴˣ
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ǸСҲκһǿߣԻᱻһ
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ȭŵһλ棬Ѿǧ߰ٶ꣬ΪѾﵽ˰벽ΪǿƥѾ¶ꡣ
ǽ龪ԭһЩӵЩ˳µϼһԣں
ôŵʵÿʮһţԲӡ
ҶֵսľˣôõûҶôţɵɱġ
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ϧһжûԤߣҶɻĻţӼᶨɱҶľġ
Ҷ￴ǸߣɵЦ治ǻ˶ϹôƤ˰ɣȻһ͵Ϯҹƾ¾ưɣ
ҶǺܴ󣬵ȴԪ³һλֹڳݳǣƽǶˡ
Ǹ߶ʱһȣ仰ȴһ⻹ҪܣǸ߶ʱŭ
С˺ݶֻݱϷҪеնɱ
ǸԴǵ˵꣬ҶػһƶҶ
һθһβһȻþȫƸոճռضŲ
찡Ǵ˵е֮𣿡
ԭǸǸǿߣ˵ϵǿߣμ׽𣿡
Ǹʮа˾Ҫˣ̫ϧˣ˾ţ
Ҷ￴˵һ֮ɵͷֱأֵܵ
Ը޵УǾ̫࣬޷ֵһθоԼ
ҶҪ׼ٻԼ齣׼ӲƴһѵʱһӰҶǰǸȵס֣
Ҷǰһʮ߰ӣŨüһ룬ضǸȡ
Ǹ߼Ǹӳ֣ʱͷһݣܵΪȻ˿ͷ
˿͸ΪΪ벽ܹôİ벽ֱš
ǺˣǸɫ粻ջԼ
ߡǸһһơ
Ǹɫһ䣬
Ǹϻˣȫˣ׷ۡ
˾ʥصˣ
찡ʥص˶ˣǺ̤㷲
ߺߣǵıʥضȥˣʥؿСӵ츳׼Ϊ˰ɣ
Ҫ걻ΪʥصӾϷˣϣųԱı飡
Ǹ߼ֿҶɵвʣӲͷƤȻʥصӣҲȨʹã
ʱǸϣ˲ʥصӣҲԼͲ̫˼ɣȫҶնɱ˵ĵ˾Բɳ
ǸӼģЦһȡһöƣӸۣˣ
Ǹ⻰ʱŭ˸˶˵һʱһǺȻɫ
ʥӣ


243 
ʥӣ
Ǹ벽ߣЩţ߶µ³֡
ʲôʥӣûɣ
˾Ȼʥʥӣ̫˰ɣ
˵ʥصÿһʥӣǵǿߣ츳ǿͬ
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ǸɫѿǿһҶЩģһʱЩԥ
ôʥصľȭܵʥصƲ𣿡ǸһĮĿߡ
Ǹ߶ʱһڲԥǸһȭΧռһ󲨶ʧ˵С
ͻıʣҶһãԼʥûκν飬ô˳Լ
ǸһĸղŵĮҶǰЦСֵܺģҶǰɣҽа
ǸӵУҶܲκε⣬ŨŨϧС
ķǳһֲСڵĸоһ룬Ժ
Ҷ޵Ƶ֣£
ֵܣһʣԺҵֵˡŵҶļ򣬴˵
ͬʱ̧ͷŰеһȺϼһţҶҰֵܣǸҲݳ֣ʥԴСǵĵͳ
Զռһ󲨶һЩҵȲң
ЩһЩڿռеǿ߷׷ߣҶһЦĿҶŶ뿪ʥظҶѾҪˡ
ҶŰһȭмص磬ζлˣ
ҶȻ֪ռбȻһЩ֣Լȷʵûа취ˣǰǺˣ뱻ЩϹǶţԺֻĵĹˡ
޷ҶֵȷʵθڣͿЩˣֻƽʱǶѣҵطȾȥߺȱġ
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ϧһжȥˣȻԺɣǶܵ˾ţȥϢʱæͻȥ㣡
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˴Ⱦƣ⣬ʮֳ죬˶˷ܲѡ
Ҷ﷢ҵһԼԸƵֵܣ˵뷨ʮֽƣֶζһ
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ҶҲ⣬Ͼ粻ƽ̫֮࣬˭Ҳܲοʥأľˡ
ԽԽͶͬʱĸо˶Ǿţȴǳļį֪ϻһ򿪣پҹ
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˵Ҷ뿪ӭ¥Ҷοռ䴩󣬾Ѿʮ֮⡣
Ҷ°벽Ȼ˼飬ݿռ֮ƿأֱš
һǿߣһοռ䴩Ҳͼʮϰѣÿζ֮ң԰塣
һҶЦСӲҪңҿܲᣬһжܲסһ˶ʮţ
պöʮ꣬Ϊź룬˿ʮ߰һ㡣
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ҵΪʱ򣬶ԸһѾǼˣ
ҶһȻԿԽսаޣȻţҪ֪Լ¾ɱŻнĳɾ͡
˱ıУһʱĹѾ뿪˽һڶǰ
ǳĹϣһЩӵ·ҶȻû
ΧʮػߣһЩǳĵӣΪǰ벽ǿߣиһϡ
Ҷﲻ̾ʥؾʥأǵ̣벽ǿߣֻܿš
ЩӼ֣ʱæ
μʥӣ
Щ˵ͷҶ̤ϴŴϹӵ·Ҷʱһɽ֮ϡ
ҶĿԶֻԲڶһƬĴɽ֮Ũĳ̶ȣ۳ˡ
һʥءҶﲻ޵˵УǷ¶ܻϸꡣ
ֵҪϲĻļңʱסϼҴڶСˬʵһЦ
˸һ󣬶ʱмʮӳ֣Ű
ӭʥӣ
Щ˵˵ͷҶȥʥӵͷᷳ±ߵСֲҲ֪ʲôʱ˦ȥ
ҶкЦʥʥǿĹ⻷ȻǸ׸
ҶҲȷʵЩϰߣߵﶼһƬ˶ǰӵҪӣȷʵᷳ
ǰ˼һɽˮɽȳ֣ɽΧһƬˮΧƣʫ续
ҶЦ벻ʥأȻһΪɧӵԴأ
ٺ٣ǶүǵֱʣĴˣɿЩߴȥŨҵȥ
ҶﻺɽȷȥȻһ߳


244 ½ѩ
쵰ҿܶã
һ߳һһĴӶŶӻûϢѾѹҶ
Ҷﲻ󺧣ôʥУ˸ɱʥӲɣҶǸɢſֲѹ֪һҲƽɫȭͷŴҳ
飡
һҶʱһѪӿºȻ˺ô
һֻʮ߰ŮֻǱ裬ֻˮĴ۾һĿҶ
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Ǹ񱩵һȫƾҶҲţŮġ
ǸŮɵһͷ亹æʦãΪֵĿˣ
ǸΪʦõŮû᰽һ˫۾ҶԽԽȷ·ҪҶһ㡣
ҶﱻǸŮЩëһˮСôһ
ǸŮһָҶ˽漸죡
ǸŮĻҶһѪ˳ôǽʥأǽˡ
һΪѵصʦãʦˣҪ˺òҵֵܰ
ֵܣǺãծܳǷôսɡǸŮĿڼϵ
Ҫ˵Ůһ˵㻰˵ˣÿ궼᲻ʹΪҴμܵģȥ꿪ʼһֱңߣ
˵껰ǸŮί˫ͨ죬·Ҫ޳һ㡣
ԭŮǰʦã½ѩʮˣΪѾ졣
ȻΪ˰࣬½ѩǿĲΪ̬
½ѩСʱԼÿ궼½ѩμܣҰΪҪƾ
һʼûʲôм죬һֱܹѹ½ѩԴ½ѩʮ󣬰ҳֱ½ѩʮʱѾȫŰˡ
ƵѪȻΪ߾ȴǿѾˣһֱ½ѩҸ档
½ѩΪһУûܹӵһֻаʵȴǶ
һֱһ˿һֵ˶ûУпй
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ĽҶʱоԼֱ۷飬㳤ǹˡ
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һֱŵľ֮ͬУһ֮Уƾۣûܹʤǽ¼ˡ
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245 Ԩ
½ѩĿֲҶﳤǹб٣һƥӿ
ƽǹڿߴΣ󻮳һĻߣһٶɵ֡
߿׺ǰ߿űʯһ㡣
߿ͬʱʱǸٶɵʱ֮ź⡣
Զİͫ͵һʦҲݣҶµȻܹȥؽսСڵԪȻ纣
ĵؽսΧ֣һ˫ֽӡһ
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һǿʹʱ򣬻ǲսս׼ȷ˵ǲܹʹսվ
Ϊһ˵ԪԴ߶ȥսǳʶ
ܹ֮Ҳ˵ֻ߼Ĵܣܹӳ
һЩķʽҲԷһ֣һѪУǾĵһ˵ĺˣƾѪ֮ǿͨ飬ƿ
ҶĽݳƾѪ֮ǿ˿ɽȭס
ҶȣΪ˼ܣòԾѪιѡ
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Ȼ½ѩû֮ƾŸϵǿһˡ
սһǵؽսֱ
½ѩҶʱ۾һĴ󵨵ؽеĴǰȥ
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Ҷæǫ˼䣬ǺʵǷμԶս
СӴӦ˾ڤԺᶥǵһսҶ
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246 ʼ
ԨҪ£ҶһҧԨǺӣԨ飬Ҫһܴ
Ͼǿ߲յȻҪǿ߶졣
ҶҲ֪ʥصĶ켼Ƕģ½ѩǰѴӾܿ
죬ԭƻǸһѾԻǷһ޷ɵ׳١
Ϊ½ѩļ룬ϳ˯ʼղҶֻҪҶ΢һпУŴ󴸸Ҷһս
Ҷﱻڵϥ֫ÿδսֽ֮ŶҪºð졣
ÿΰҶ½ѩһҷɣֶңֻĿҶܿࡣ
һӣͣسţҶʱɣ½ѩǲǾһͷħޣȻÿս꣬Ҳƣǵڶһֱȡ
ҶֲסʱǺӳˣͬʱҲһϢԨ׳ɹ
Ҷʱ˷ܲѣԨĸ飬޷ݵģܹҶο顣
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ѯһϸڹҶøص¸ԼһϢ
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ȻҶ֪ǹǿޱȣԼС绹̫Сˣ޷Լṩ֮ռʱ޷Ԧǹ
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Ҷڷһֱûٳȥͽ䣬ڷڴһҹ
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247 һͼ
Ҷո£ֻһڲ裬ʦĳ֣ʽʼˡ
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˸ұ֤ÿһƷǾƷеľƷԲλʧģ
¹˵̨꣬ϵĵƹĹߣÿһ˲ΪΣܿһ
±ߣ뿴һƷ
̨ϵľĻһλǻŮߣһµԲǰ
Բϰһ̣һԲĵҩȻڣ̵Ĵ򿪣һŨĵȫ
Ҷﶼ΢΢һ㶣ȻʶöҩǴŨж֪öҩΪ
̻
˷һȻϳöҩ
̻ҶҲ˵ǳõһֵҩǹ̻ȴֺܶȼ
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¹ﰵһҪ֪ǳҪֵĶ̫ãҲ̫
̫õĻߵͺҵļ飬ֲ̫̫ˣҵȤ䳡ˡ
ԵһƷҲǳﱸ˺þãȲ̫ãҲ̫ͨսǳʵõĹ̻˳
Ȼ̻ܳĹ̻ȴǳպһЩõϵĶ
Ҫ֪Уоųɾϵߣڻߣ޷
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ҶҲûںϳϳɣҲûʲôµģֻƵͼ


248 ǹս
ҶΪͼҪֵʱһϵе򣡡
ԭȫΪҶݣ۷׷׵ǣȻ˱ۣʱЩȻ
ԭûȥĶҶ˼۸ͻȻۣⲻǹҲ
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Ǹ۵ߣǺȵһλϣλȨأǸƷĴһ顣
ߣСС˶񶾣ѵǹ¶ôûǸȵĳĵ
Ҷʱһ䣬߳ᣬǸߵû˵˵ʱȿԼûʸûװʲô⣿
һȺӲֻڶѣһ϶ѣ
Ҷȫ˶һ﷢Ҷﻹ첻µزµҶİ
Ǹȵ߶ʱվҶŭĿӣʱᶯ֡
ҶﲻмĿǸϽðɣҪǸҶ֣ҾԻ̫
̫ˣǸȵ߶ʱĻҶս֣ԼȷʵĶ֡
֣˰ɣһƿСƽϣǶݡʱǸƷĴϣȰ
ǸȵߣһԼλãǵĲĿ⣬ģ޲ýҶƤ
ҶеǸߵɱû⣬ŰƷĴϵϰӣҶһˣԼˣҼʶһ°Ʒ嵽жôۺĲ
ķǳأҹڣûһ˲Ҷеĳζ
ƷĴ֪Լ嶯ˣ˲ɣñ˰ʺӿԼԴϡ
һҧϷεݣһ֪СƽϣȻϲøˣһ˸Ʒ湻ǵģ
ҶﲻΪһЦûлƷĴϣǴЦݷ˰ᡣ
Ȼ˶Щ죬ڳͻˣԼˡ
¹Ҷ˰ᣬɵðĨһ亹߶ﲻүҶ첻µزµ˴ô٤еᣬҲһˡ
Ҳѯˣ¹æһµһڳɽϲҶ﹫ӣһڽҵļ۸󷨱ͼ
²Ҷϵ˶¹̫Ҫˣһ㻹ϲë˶ܿǶ˼ء
㣡
¹Ļһ䣬һߵСݳǰСݺ֣Ȼһ꣬ïܵĲҶɵһ仨
Сݳ֣һɵƮһ𣬸оһ㡣
㣬ֳ֮Ϊݣ򶨰֮Чľڸ򣡡
ĵطǣ굤Ҫϣ굤ͲҪҶ˵˰ɣǺųĵҩ
ϻ˵ļǧңÿμӼ۲һңĿʼ
ǧ򣡡
ǧ˰򣡡
ǧ򣡡
±ߵ˶ʶˣ֮ɵ÷׷׾ۡ
ƷĴؿЩ˷񾺼ۣһֱûпԱһλӵϣָҪĶ۲װɣ
ߣһȺں֮ڶѣйҲôƷĴһš
ǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡
һڣ
һ۸񺰳󣬺ܶһ³ȥ۸Ѿܹܵˡ
һ۸˺ܶˣȻһֻûİƷĴϣȵһһǧ򣡡
ŰƷĴϵĽʱȥ٣Ȼкܶ˻м۵ġ
ǹ˼ɰƷȺ˳СرͷûõٰϾֵ̫ˡ
һЩЩģҧ˼۸
һһǧ򣡡
һһǧ˰򣡡
ŵһ˽мۣ½ʼһЩ˲ľô뱦ĵĺ˼۸
ƷĴɨЩ۵һۣЩ˶ʱͬ߶һ㣬ͷϵĺˡ
һǧ򣡡
ƷĴֺһ۸񣬲سž˲٣û˿ˡ
Ǽԭм۵ˣƷĴɨһ֮󣬶ʱ뷨
¹ЩƣͰѰƷĴϵڶһ飬̫ҪˣǮʹôĵֶΡ
Ҳû취¹ֻεصλѾһǧˣûиߵˣ
±Ѿѻȸ¹ֻܰ
һǧһΣ
һǧΣ
һǧ򡭡
ʱһһǧ򣡡


249 ֽͼ
¹ΣûӦ𣬰ƷĴϸһ˿Цݣ׬⡣
ڰƷĴ΢ʱһһǧ򣡡
ƷĴ϶ʱɫ࣬ǸᣬȻҶڳڱԼղŸۡ
аŭƷĴһ
һǧ򣡡
һǧҶ²ȴðƷĴζҪըˡ
Ҷ˶ǵҵģһûһ㱨۵ζ
һڰǧ򡱰ƷĴҧгݵĺ۸
Ȼ˶֪ƷĴѾ׵ķŭˣȴڰֳƿ졣
Щŷ۵ˣŰƷĴŭɽҵˡ
Ϲ㲻ǿ㲻вûǾͿԼˣʰ㡣
ڡҶ³֣·ǸǮһ
쵰ôôǮǸƷĴϣڱˡ
Ҷﻺ߳ᣬͬŭʨһİƷĴЦӾôǮôˣǮ˾ôԣҧҰ
ڣ־ͼаƷĴϴ
ڡҶ̯̯֣ǳ޹ȴӵˡ
ڡƷĴ붼С
ڣ
ڡǸƷĴϣʱѾ˫Ŀͨ죬ȫɥʧǡ
ĿɿڴĿǾۣǿɶǮôһһڵǣ˶ľ
ʵһ㣬Ȼ󣬵Ҳм۸ģڽ£һϣߵļ۸Ҳĳǧҡ
˺ļ۸ѾԶԶļ۸˶ĿɿڴĿǣǷ
˵ǣ¹Ҳˣ㵱פչʱҲûһһں۵İ
ڰҶЩԥˣתͷ¹ݽʲôţղû壡
ҶĻ˲㶼û֣ôۣƭ˭أ
¹㣡
ҶȻһԭҹ㰡ˣĺգ
תͷһмĶŰƷĴϵôҲϲڵļ۸㣡
Ҷ˵ת˰ᣬ˶һ仯еͻȻһʱŪ١
㲻֪٣һģǾǰƷĴϱˣұӵĺܲҡ
ƷĴҶĻʱɫ࣬תףָҶᡰ㡭ۣ
ƷĴϸ³һ֣ʱһѪȥ
ϡʮӣæסͳһҩι˽ȥ
ڳ˴ʱԽҶս˫ƾ仰һڻȥ˵ǿžˡ
һҩ󣬰ƷĴϻתѣɫЩˣһһ㡣
ҶǰƷ㲻ݣϷšƷĴϴһ˶ĺһЩΪ͵ģĶѪ
ݾͲݰɣôû̹㣬ϲҪûòҶѵСһ㡣
ããáǸƷĴ˵ãȫԹ֮ɫǮȡ㣬ֱӴֱ뿪ߵҲμˡ
ҶЦһϼһһûǮˣûˣòߡ
ƷĴ뿪У¹ҶǸмղһ£׬ˡ
౦ҶûУΪȻãûҪġ
ֱȭλϽм۵ʱҶ￪ʼˣ۸һ·
Ҷʶһֱչǵ̸֪Щ־ڱصá
ߵͼ򵥶ˣһĶҶ̧ۡ
ŪǲòѪЩƷĵ֣ʱǸȭŵĶڵѪｫҶ޵Ҫֺް취
ľղǿֱĳߵղ̧ʱҶͷһȡ
ǿǴĲϰҶЩǣǶϲǺ顣
Ҷ֪ԭֻܹʥأʥûн飬Ҳֻһ
Ҳûʲôһǧļ۸ղ
֮󣬺ߵͲμˣߵĶȻãǶûô
صס󣬸صѾƤղ˹ͬʱҲҶҶչĵڶҲڽڵִݣԵȼ졣
ҶԼҲûʲô£ʹӦߵȼ죬պÿԼջ
صߺҶｫղȡͨܶȼֲ˾ѹ
ҶԽԽˮҪˣֲҪһըöǿ
Ҷ˼ȥǵýţϾ˼רҵġ
ԼȻǿҲԼӹһ񣬵ˮƽ϶û˼ҺãҲС
Ҷһ£ͳһֽóһ֧ϱ߷̻˰죬С̻ɡ
õͼֽҸҶҵӽϺͼֽ͹ȥԼˣȥҪڣʵ˲
ЩҶｫһͼȡ˳ϱ·ϸо˰졣
ȻͼȱҶﻹǴһͼУֽʮ
Ȼ֪ЩĵĹЧҶ֪ЩıȻǹͼĻԭ
ʥ½Ѿû䣬޷֣ڳ󷨣Ǽ򵥵ĵ󷨡
Ҷһ˵һЩͬķģӣһǳ󷨣Զʱڵ󷨸ûȣƤë㡣
ν󷨣ʮʮټʮʮҲ֮ʮ
ǰһЩżأԶʱڵ󷨵ǣʮʮٳʮĿԷӵһǧ
ѾˣٹûһõһЩȱȫͼҲ޷ƳǵĹԭ
ҶȽϱ߸ӵͼǰѧָһ㣬Ƿ֡
ɺֽ̻ȻһǷ񹹳һɵķģûйɣô˵ԼֵǴġ
ȻĲּ¼´ټͬĴҶһ߿ʼ֣һ¼
Ҷ·ص˵СƵʱһ㣬Ѿкܳһʱ䣬Ҷûоһˡ
ֹǳͷҶȴǳƽΪһָоԼһһĽӽ࣬Ҳ󷨵Ļᱻ⿪
ⲻԴ󣬶һţһֱԼԿԳɹ
Ҷޱǿ󣬽һʱ䣬Σɹֳʮ߸ġ
ʮ߸ģҶﹲҳٶϣӦÿһеϡ
ǾɳԣĴСҪú飬ô˵ķֽѾɣԺͿʱѻˡ
Ҷһƣոճ˷ţصǱϢһĲȫˡ


250 ¾㱸
Ҷһƣոճ˷ţصǱϢһĲȫˡ
Ҷʱϲæȥ鿴ص٤еһؿ⡣
Ÿոմ򿪣ҶͱǰɽһĲϴ̼ϲ
Ҷһ£Щϼӹһ£ƷըͽǧƷը
ЩħԨϬˣͬʱҲܼҶӵ
ȻҶûʲô̫Уǲô˵ҶŭһҲǳҶ壬ȺлǺġ
ҶҲ㰮ݼڰɣȻ̫Ҷӿ˳ۣܲȥڻҰɡ
ҶЩȫչĲϣձݴأⲻصµ
⣬ǳ⣬ǶлˡҶԵĵθص¿ǰæˡ
Ǻǣͺãͺáص¼Ҷ⣬ԼҲĲ٣ǿǾȫˣзֵչ
εķһǶ٣Ҷʵ
ȿȣչ̫࣬²ϼ۸ǵһǸг۸չģȥϴµĽңȱڽң
صֵǰ淢ˣϴǶ׬˲٣εĽǾͲˣȻԭϵļ۸ǧ͹ˣ
ҶϴԼǸƷĴϣ٤治٣ȻϴۣԼҲҪ
˵۰ʲôģǶǳ˭ҪǾɵˣԿľˡ
Ҷһлֱӽһ˸ص£ԼϴδϷʥصľӢӣҶһ£ҾнڣҶŸô󷽵Ļ
ЩָеҩȶҶҶһ£õľԼõò˵ľ;壬ȡ֡
ҶҲýЩϷֳôָȥװˣһֱӽЩսԼС磬Сֱʲôܷŵ¡
ҶǰѸصһΪҶĿռأҪ֪ĿռֻҶõͭ
Ҷص¸ֱӳ٤УҶڣ̤ϴ󣬻صҶȡ
ҶԷЩǿԼˣþηÿȡ
Ҷﴥܶ࣬ʵнĹغֱܼǿΪ˵һ͵ǿʳ
һܹ쵼ǣǹʵӦÿġ
ҲڵԸ񣬸ʵйأҪıǵۣٺ٣ЦˣǸڿ㴩ˣԼɳˣ
ҶԳУ֪ҶǵľңҶյſڣʯžԶˡ
ɡҶǵ
Ҷ뾲Һ󣬶ڵصҶһ񣬹Ľһ
ɡҶһָŵ
ҶҲѧҶ֮ϣȻСЩһʱ䣬չһЩϣӦò๻ιħԨˣ
ô죿ҶЩĵҪ֪ӽϣҲֻһѡ
ǻطɣҰѲ϶㡱Ҷ
áҶǵһͷһӣռ΢΢˳һС
Ҷ￴һۣһֿ⣬ѻһЩϣҶ￴һۣЩ϶Ʒϣǧը첻ˡ
ҶǰһֵӡǾڸģһתСķ
Ҷǰռһ󲨶һͬɽһĲ϶ѣ㽫ֱֿ
ҶͫһЩ˼ĿҶȻʹ֮ˣ
ҶҡҡͷҵС绹Ŀǰֻǿֿã
ǺǣҪżܹͨС磬Ѿǳ˲ˣҪǴȥһˡҶҶļһοĵ
Ҫ֪֮ǰ벽ҲֻһЩƤëѣҶŻߣ͵֮ⱾѾһ漣
£ߵڻһ֣֮ΪϼСõߵ
ȵڵʱСȶ߿ԳԹͨС磬֮ĳϵ
ֻдﵽ˰벽󣬲ǿʹһ֮ҲֻһСֶѡ
Ϊ̫֮ǿв߾ͱǿֻдﵽΪĸС繵ͨ
ҶܸС繵ͨҶ𾪵ͬʱϲ֡
ôģҶſǰѻɽĲϡ
СչģЩϼӹһӦùǹԨˡҶЦ
ҶǿЩϣһҶҶ壬ڣҶѾ˱Ȼ֮£
𣿺ǺǣǶˣ󵭲һ˵ҶЩɻ
ЩԺ˵ɣҶ㻹¶֪ءҶ̾һ
Ҷһ㶣Ҷǵ˼ҶҲԼֻ˵ѡ
ʱ䣬һùץʱӹЩϣ㽫ɣģü嶯֣Ҷʵ
Ҷ֮дһʣΪеĳϼҶġǾ
ǻǵһμԽȻ෴ķĽһķġ
ƽʱܹķĽһѾǷǳѵõ飬ҪķҪ顣
񡰱ԽȻ෴ķĽһ붼룬ǿҶҶɶ칤ƣȻַܹĴﵽһƽ⣬ֱͶء
Ҷ干λĴʦһʱġڳɹƳˡʧǣǻƳķģԭ
еĴʦܴͬʱҲҶӵˡ
ҶǲдһʣҶһµĵг򶼽Ұɣ߶ŵ㣬ǴըƷʸһЩ󣡡
㾡ܷİɣһԶ£Բ⡱¹ش󣬾ҶҲá
йԳǾ;һʧˣʣµľǵըɣʼħԨˡ
ŶħԨЩħҶﲻЦˣǿɶƶ¾ʵ̫Ҹˡ
ӹҶֱӻصУĸүү˶ڣһ˳һԲ
Ҷǧѩ汼Ȼ۵ĲˣҶܶŹ
仰ҶЩЦãֲǲ꣬ôͳܶŹˡ
ԭҶݳսսһնɱڣپӢӣӲӰ벽һ飬ʹҶȣûв֪ġ
ΪҶĸףɲںӶ磬ֻϣƽƽģɵö˼䡣
ҶﶼЦĴӦԼԻһԺӣҶǧѩһο
ž۹ҶûȥսѰҶ诵ˣֱӿʼ˱չأҪоһơ


251 ɱ
ʱҶһֱͷоͼҪϵ㡣
Ҷٴηͼϵķģȷûа󣬲ſʼЩЩķֱϡ
ΪһƳһУߵһˣôԶ޷ȷˡ
Ȼֻǲȱģħ޵Ƥӡ󷨾Բ򵥡
ܹһֲȱͼо͸ҶԤУԲԼʧ
Ҷﻹǵ͹ѶȣҶﾭǧε飬־ȻĿԵӣֻһȷġ
ҶһȦˣȫϣҶѰ˼˰ΣûмߵݣǽĿֽ̻ϣϸ۲ǵ̬
Ҷȼ˵һģǸһҶΧĿռ俪ʼ仯һͺͺɽ
۾һУľȻһֻģ˲þ׹ξһ㡣
ȻֻһСɲ֣Ҷ룬Ļþ󷨣ӦҪܶķġ
Ӧиɽˮݵءľĳ֣γһ󷨣һͺͺСɽԻס˲Ź֡
Ҷһ󲨶ǰľ飬ʧӰա
һ£Ҷ﷢Ȼֲ̫ڣҪһ֮ƽ⣬֮ǿˣԶҪʧڻþ֮ˡ
ʧҶеҲʧˣһƷ
ݹżмأڹŴʦҪ󷨣Ҫʯ֧󷨵ת
ڵʥ½ϣϡѾ޷ٲʯˣʯѾֻһС֣һЩϵУǼġ
ҶﲢģԶսϣӦûĵرʯԶʱҲ̫ӦѰ
Ҷó˵ڶģڼ֮ǰҶ΢ԥһ£ڵĶȫ
ŷĵؼģҶոսļһɻڣҡ
Ҷ׼ڼ֮ǰ͸ܵڣΪŨĻԪأһ˲Ԫһ
ҶЩϲǣǿȼߣһߣڻҲֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
Ҫ֪ǾһŷĶѰϣôǿʲô̶ȣ
׷ûģҶﲻͷԶʱڵʦ̫˲ˡ
㽫Ľһ𣬾ʮεȥֱ
ֻά˲һʱ䣬ʧˣϾֻǷģûʯ֧ţܳ־á
ô˵ҶǼ󷨵ȻȣЩνĻǴ
Ҷｫһ΢΢һЦ˲һϢ֣һεĽǰն
ۣ
һ죬ߺʯǽնһ϶߳϶խֻýһӣȴҶͫһ
Ϊ֣ǵ϶ȻʮÿֲĹһĻ۷屻УҲǱһɱ
ʯ֧ţôͿԲͣطĽ˭ܵˣ
ҪмʮĲóһ󷨣ôͬʱмʮνǵö̬
Ҷ붼һͷƤ飬ֲö˵ԶʱڵǿʦȻе
ҶͼԽˣʱҶڷĵС
µʱһιȥҶھε飬ԼھϷģƵ˵
ҶֹͣоԽԽӣĹȫһ
ԭΪƵߣʣµԽԽС󲿷ֶųˣӦԽԽ򵥲Ŷԡ
ǶԵģԽĵĵӹʽԽӣԽԽѡ
µʱɵ˵ĸӵǿˡ
ǾµĿרУҶ־ᶨЩҪĸоⶫ̫ĥˣ﷦ζֱ˸ɵġ
ոճأҶյ˹֪ͨһ
ҶľҺҶֱӴҶһֿ⣬ֿѾϴСԲ
Ҷϸϸһ£ǧöƷĽǧö
ҶָЩЩǵȫƷˣвѾһգ
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Ҷصͷ˷ˣըǳãʣµľͽˣ
ҶļǾˣǲô¶ѹһˣ
ҶЦЦԼ˾Ͳ˵ôˣүү壬Ҳʧģ
Ҷǵ˵ͷ֪Ҷ֮ôҶ壬ΪҶŭһϵ˵ĴڣҶңڵԸ񣬲ᡣ
ͬʱҶҲΪԼľеԺҶԴҶõʱ򣬾һֱӳɳԿֲޱȡ
Բ˱չˣֱӲҶĸС£ΪǾг񣬷Ҷŭһϵټҷ硣
һֶΣҲǶҶһʾãҶ벻ǣôԼĸ͵õ˼Ļر
Ҷȡһǰ̺õġԥһ£ŷ
ֱȡһſհ׵ֽҶǵ棬һıʣɿػƳһµġ
ҶǵĶɷģҲЩ𾪣һΪҶٶʵ̫ˡ
һҶ￴ͿѻķģתϾ޹Ȼķġ
ҶҲǼʶˣôеľȱ飬ҶˣһǸ̥
Ҷｫһȡתϣת˲ġ
ҶǾȵĿУҶˣɣ
Ҷǵͷռ֮ת˲ڶħԨ·ʮħǻ
Ҷ￴һ£ʮħһ벽ĸʼĶ
һǿ򻺻ƮȺħֱɵħǰҶһͺȡ

䣡
ԭһһҶ˲ʧ⣬񱩵ȼ˲䱬ѿ
ֲıըԲըһӣѪɣŶħĺС
̹󣬵ϳǸ벽ħ⣬ĶħѾըƬ
ͷ벽ħǰҲըѪģֱۣҲըһ˲ˡ
ҶǸҶһۣ˶©ЦݣҶοصⶫռ˴ˣҲǿԴħ֮ȥ
Ҷ˵ħ֮ţħĿռڣԴħҶķ߲ͣˣʽΣѡ
ħֵĽ룬ǧ꣬Ҷ¾͵סˡ
ϾҶһֱǱÿħ屬ʱҶķ߶ǧ
Ҷ飬Ҷڿüһأһķˡ
ȷʵССӻȥЩըϽɣ֮һսɡҶ۾ŶħԨһڴ


252 
ʮҶǰѻɽġըҶһ
ʮϲ߲ݣڵĹ˼ʮΣʮģҶΪѾﵽ˻죬ڸԼԪͳһˡ
ΨһźǣԨһֱڳ˯Ȼˣ֮ء
Ҷֽһһ˶ߵԲȡԲҶﲻɵ˷ֱܵ֡
Բֲõɫ߳ϰٸССΣҶƵġ
ЩξһССķɵϣЩɶղӴġ
ҶͽղҶ磬ȥʥأ밽æ
λҶû˵ʥصĳϸҶҪ󣬽ܹĵĽԲˡ
ԲҶﲻòϣרҵǲһ⿴Բ򣬾͸ޱǿҵѹ
ҶóһΪġϱߣľҶʱ䡣
Ĳϣ̫ˣҶۺҲЩԲ
ɺҶ߽ЩߵΣһһϱԼոоĽġ
ҶｫԼģֱΪģĺͽ󷨷ġ
нǿҶȻѡˣٸģıĽ붼һ˷ܡ
ȻûʯȲΪṩԴҶͻ룬ÿ񱩵ȥģҲʹõһߣⶼҶﷴõĽ
̽ģҪǳСģҶҲòĵĲΪÿһģҪһ΢˿ӵĺġ
屬ըʱ򣬲ܽЩģĲŻᷢǿ
÷ǳΣգΪơƽ⣬ͻ˲䱬ը
ըըˣҶᱻըɷɻңҶȷԲǧﶼᱻΪƽء
ʮСģڽըˣҶһ
ҶǸΣǿ߱ըϣҲҪԲҶԺԵĵ
ٺ٣ĿǰΪֹǿֶΣ򲻵ѾԲõġҶ￴ǰըԽԽԽЩá
ˣһʱ䶼ķˣѾܾûˣϽսɡߴٵ
ҶͷһսҶҲڴ˺ܾãһβ֪ɲͻƵԼһǧʮѶȣûס
ԼΪߣѶԽԽѾñ̬ˡ
Ҷｫըң˸кȫĹѾɡ
Ȼ׼ǻǱҶٶһһµʱ䣬ͽըɣֱ漣
ҶѯһҶټº󣬶ԶħԨ
Ͼս֮ǰҪһ£ҪҶǴ۷״̬
Ҷصк󣬷ҹ꺮˶ѾˣҶȫ˷ܲѡ
硱ѩһĿҶҶһǣѩѾǿˣϢȣ쵶˲ֱӡ
Ҷѩļ򣬿Լһĸ֣ҶﲻЩ˷ܡģ
ٺ٣ⶼǴ̵зѩٺһЦ
ҶЩûĿһۡû±Ϸѧѧʲôñ£
Ϸίϴô˵СܺİⲻҲǹ𣿡
Ҷ￴һϷɣСӻȻѾǻ۷ˣֻһͿԽ벽ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷСеϢˣʱϷһ󺺣Ҷ˷ܵĴСϴ󣡡
ֲôһ£Ҷһ㶣Ϊû˭
ϴǿɽǸ󺺣ҶȻʶԼѵ
ȻˣѾͻˣҶﾪϲ֣ܿɽһӵ
ٺٺ٣ǰϷɴ磬ɱħõ֣ϷɴĻֶһĵرΪŷġܿɽһĵ
ٺԼֵܲҪ˵˭ǻƽأʵˣ͵ҵʵˡϷɵ
ܿɽҲ֪˵ЩʲôãǱһֱɵЦҶͷһůܿɽ̺ܵͣһӡ
ϷɶôչҶοĸо
ɽѾܹˣôᾧˣ
Ҷֽӽݳָ龧ȡֱӸܿɽܿɽʱϲöᾧٶȻٴһ̨ס
Ҷע⵽ҹ꺮ʱҹ꺮Ѿǰ벽Ϊǻûһй
Ҷȴҹ꺮ӵǿˣҶЦϲ躹ޣؽʣľˣ
ҹ꺮ͷû˵еĸжѾ˵һУΪܶ໰Ҫ˵Ÿζ
磬˵ҪԶħԨܹˣѩЩ˷ܵĵ
׼ȥԶսǰԿܲܰҶвҶͷ
ٺ٣ϴԶսܲȥϷЩڰĵȻǳȥѩҹ꺮ҲһڴĿҶ
Ҷһµ꺮ѩǿȥģϷ㣬²У
ΪʲôϷɼҹ꺮ѩȥԼȥЩʧ
Ҷ̾һԶսϣǿֲԹ飬ţ֪ԶսѪޱȣɱ˶ᱦǼҳ㷹ʵȥ¾ԶҲزˣ
ôǿϷɲЩţԼѾ۷ˣҶﴫսǿҶڣһУҶǳ⣬ûܹѹס
ԶսͬݵĸʥصʥʥŮǱ̬еΪ벽ҲֻܵķݡҶЩεĵ
ҶĻһ벽ǺεȵĴڣȻһôı̬
ǲȥǲϷɻЩġ
ҶؼѾˣϴҸȥʱ򣬾ͰʥʥӵĵܸܵˣϣһȺӢնɱǻԶսһģ
Ϸһ㶡ɩһ㶼û͸¶
Ҷ￴ѩҹ꺮ԶսޱȣǿҪã
ôҶҪŴȥһЩšѩһĳƵĵ
ҹ꺮Ҳǣ
ϷɿһȻܿɽһɫܿɽ̻ɱ壬һͷһ׸ߵСܱҶĴȡ
ϷҲڵϣҶһֻȣĨصϴ󰡣ɲǲܰҲҪȥ
ҶﲻЩˣϷˣı£µһܿɽôĺӶˡ
Զս̫ˣϷɽȥܹĸʼͣܿɽҲδذȫ
ҶΪ֮ʣȻһ£ϷɵɿܹˣҾȥԶս
ʲôϴ˵Ϸһϲĵû뵽ԼôһŬϣˡ


253 ҵĸо
ҶЦŴӻȡһƬƤҪܹһ֣Ϳȥˣ
ƬƤһ֣ڳ˶ܵһɿֲѹ׷׳ԾĿƤ
ԶʱһһǣֻоһĵãڸоܹȡͻԽչܹԶսԱôҾȥҶ˵нԼ׫дһЩʼǺĵöϷɡ
ϷɽӹƤЩϣҶû뵽ǣϷɿһ󣬾ħһ㣬æǣȥоȥˡ
ѩҹ꺮Ҳ뿪ˣΪˣҪȥܼС
ߺҶȥ̽ĸףȴָĸûԺȥҶȶߵĺӱߴȥˡ
Ҷﲻ΢΢һЦǴսǰķҲã벻ΪŵգӰʿ
ҶҶϵӱߵʱ򣬷Ҷ诣ҶǳڣһҶǧѩ˶ֳһͣǱרĵȴϹء
ԶҶһæһѸɲۼһϱ߼һǼӦ׼㡣
ҶʶɨˮͰͰˮɾףûһ˿ʣȥȲˣֻܺȰ׿ˮˡ
˵ôϹءҶ诿ˮ棬ʵ
ҶǧѩһҶ诣Щص˵Ҫĵģǲż
ⶼʱˣһҲϹүү˵ҶܻأǵŸϲءҶ诲Щĵ
诽㣬ǵΪ˸ҶԵģҶ绹ûҪˮһ֣ȻǸ˼ס
ðɣҶ֪ˣЦǵġҶЩԥ
ҶﲻЩЦʶ̽ڣǵ㹳ϾȻһͬСָǴСĸ㣬ûЦ
в㶼ȥûһ㣬Щ㿴һۡ
һҡͷЩŷݵĹ㣬Ҷ֪ǾԲǳصģܵŹ֡
ôߣҶҲƣ̽һ߶೤Ĺ㣬ʱҶƣҶǧѩҧȥ
Ҷǧѩʱһʱһ˶תͷ
ۣŮͬʱе
һ߳Ĺ㣬ϰҶǧѩʱЩصٺ٣Щ֪ĸóˣôã
Ҷ诸æȻԼһ΢΢һʱһϲѽҲϹˣ
ҲɵһϲȻǷ㣬ڱ׼ġζʱҧ
˶ʱϲһʱ侪ϲĻЦ˺ӱߣܰ͡
ҶոսãҶǧѩߵʱѾʮ
Ҷǧѩ£ҶֻʵʵȥɱϴҶһЦĸ׾ȻҲһƤŮһ㣬·ֻصʱ
ǻֵЦݣҶ°οȻ֣Լһ඼ֵˣǾԼһػĴڡ
Ҷﻺӽ߳ʱһϲҶ磡
ֱҶһ¶ͷͱˣ˷׷׿Ҷϲޡ
Сӻ֪ҶǧѩߵҶǰҶЩۣ࣬ȴԹ
ٺ٣ⲻһϾЩһֱءҶЦ
⻹࣬ϰֻ񣬾ͻϲҶǧѩֽҶ΢һ£ĵ
ҶЦĿԶҶ죬Ҷʱһ죬ЩصСѩźӵ治Ҫ˵
Ϻǣô˵ˣҪ㻨ôôţصĸ㡱Ҷǧѩ
ȿȣ㻨ﰡ㿴ôһֱһˣС檶ûһҶЩεĵ
ߺߣʲô˼ûΪûͣ㿴Ҷӣ͸ôöϱ㼵𣿡ҶǧѩüָҶ
ҶεⶼĺİŮһʲôͷãɴ಻˵ˣͷɻ
Ҷ˷׷״ЦҶһӻ𣬼ҶﻹҳЦԼʱŭСЦʲôϽӸɻ
ҶһҡͷԼϵ治үǣԼ޹ϻҪ˷𣬸ҪȥȴҶǧѩһס
Ҷ죬ָʹҶӣǵС»ԼɣҶӻءҶǧѩվػҶ
ðɣðɡҶ˫֣ҴˣǼ͵Ҳڰɣ
Ҷǧѩĵ˵ͷҶһЦ벻ﻹôһ棬Ҷ诺ͷһۣЩ
һ𣬲Ҳѧ˰ɣԼҲϵһ²롣
ǼɡҶû뵽ǣҶǳȻҲҶǧѩƺҶЩĿࡣ
ҶһԾĿԼҶǳʱͨ죬ϽתҿҶһ
ҶﰡǳǸúӣ读ͬ⣬ѾŮˣԺҪúô˼ŶҶǧѩһĿҶĳĵ
ҶһôЩζأոŮɶϵأҪԼúô˼ҡ
ҶЩЦãתͷҶ诺ͷŮҲһĪЦݣգ۾
ȻҶ˶ܿҶǳͷǰˣ촫ˡ
Ҷﶼ˾ˣﻹʲô£һЦҶǳǱĲãȻ׺·ߣֺԼǣԼܾĻᶼûС
һ̼ҶǳҶȵһ飬Ȼܹ𽵹ֺԼҶһԺͬʱҲоһĪѹ
ҪΪÿһ֪ȻЩ飬Щ̰ģһ϶ˣҪȥػǵһ
ҶЦĿԼҶǳʱͬ͸˵ƻĿתֲͣذŪ½ǡ
ҶЦߵҶǳߣҶǳһֻ֣ȻһˣͲҪôˣݣǺʯãǶһˣ
һˡʣ˴ҵĹϵҲسˣҶǳݡ
ҶǳҶס֣ʱһһİż֮ףûˤ
Ҷֺܴ󣬺ůһַǳȫǳܰĸоĿķƽࡣ
Ҷǳڹ̧ףĿעҶϼصлл㣡
ǺǣԼ˾ͲôˣǼɡҶ£ֿʼ
ҶǧѩѾ뿪ǣһЩ޾Ŀռ䣬Ҷߣһ
Ҷ쿴ҶＸĴЦʱشвһп
̽ԭ˶ˣô֣ǰ֪˵ǲҲ
ҶǧѩһĿҶǲ˵ҲȢϱǼ˶
ҶЩصֻįĻԵøһЩ
ҶǧѩԭЦһʧˣȡ֮һƬ˪ݺݵصģⱲӶˣҪ˶ҶӾˣͲˣ
ҶǧѩͻȻһе㶼ڵϣҶапࡰʲôͬ˲ͬ˵Ĳզôأ


254 ׼
Ҷ⼸ǳĿģżһɽˮȻҶȲǺܴ󣬵ֻҪг˿֣ʲô羰ס
ӵĳʱ䲢սʼҶҲʼ
ϾǶҶһ˭֪νô
ȻԭౣɣзǶһһء
ħԨѾڱУһ־ߣһκ˶вͬ
ȫϵߣڽܹĵĽǹϵҶĴս
ҶоѹǣҶǶޱΣǽȫ˶ѹԼϡ
ҶﲻòҶǵȡصսľ飬ҶӦûϸǧꡣ
һʧܣôҶ¾ҪˣˣҲûԮ
ɹˣôҶͿԼʹ׵طӡһݡ
һģҶǽȫҶעѹҶϣˣٲ
Ҷÿ춼ᵽҶ˽Ҷҵʵս𣬼һЩսʵȵȡ
ҪԼߵȫ˽⣬սϷ
Ҷմӹ͸Ҷ诵ɽȣսɽڡ
ͼһƬ峺Ϫˮʣɽ䣬һЩ֪Сˣ
ǰһƬũׯϡϡʣļѼȺƶȻһҰܳŵǷ׷׷Уȥ
ҶһҡͷǰȥǰһһŮһ˿ҵϴ衣
Ҷε̾һֶһȭ
꣡
һ춯ռ벣һѣǰĻȫʧֻҹ꺮ѩ塢ܿɽһԾĿԼ
ɣϴôôͷþˡϷһ𾪵ĿҶ
ǰҺѩ綼סһʱŷԵġѩҲŵ
ԭ֪ҶҶȻ·ϷΪԼĻҶıϾ֮·塣
ǰϷɶ˶飬ѩҹ꺮˶Ǿһʱŷֲԣʶ˻þ
ҶȻһʱ䣬ʶ˻þȻϷɺˡ
ϴ㾭þϷЩģʵ
Ҷ
;ʶˣϷЩŵĵ
Ҫ֪˼ʮã˷ֱٵġ
һ߽ȥԼ˻󣬿ҶվʶˣϷɺܲ
һϷɵı飬ǻ֪ģɵûصûʲô󣬵ܲעϸڣ
Ѽ챻ºӣ԰ûܸܲ˭ҵļԱѼεĻҪ죿
ϷɺȻȻҲһˣʵڷ̫ˣǴҶߣЩݵϰߡ
ǵڶϷ׷ʵ
Ҷ̾һڵһʱҾ֪СӸĹȥΣ
һŮϴʱʵڿȥˣֱӴ˻þ
ϷЩʵΪΣ
ᵽҶͻŭ˼ƳŮͯվ飬Ƶĸպ෴һͯ飬ֱӶ𣿡
Ϸɵ˲ɵ˵һĿŶԷ
ԭҹ꺮ѩ廹ܿɽʱ򣬼һŮϴ裬׷׸ı·ߣûǰǸ֪Ůӳʲô
û뵽ǣҶ˼ϴ裬ɻǰȥϷɵԤϡ
ϴϴСˣϸھɰܣһȥŬġϷڷˡ
ûþܹ뵱ȻϸµĲ֣ܹ˷ɾ裬Ҷ۲ϸµˣһöûˡ
ܹóôྰ沢ԵͻأֺͳҲǳЭǳĲ
Ҷ޵һӣôҲҪԣϾΪһ۵㣬Ͱ˼ĹĨɱ
ϷҶĿ佱ʱֿ˻ٺ٣ϴģһŬԽԽģ
ҶͷһʵоûУ
ϷЩ˼ͷооûʲôɹ
ôһ˵һԽооˣҶҲЩ޿κΣԸйϵǿ
ûϵǻǽ󣬵ĻʱǵһӦÿԶԸһЩǿĵˣ㲻ɱԷӦÿԸȡһЩܵʱ䡱Ҷﰲο
԰ϴ˵̫ˣôû뵽أ˽֮󣬲֪нɱ󣬿ôĶ֪ϷһĴȣ۷Źĵ
ͷȥһЩ̣ǮĻұȥ죬ܽ󷨼򵥵ںϺҾ׼ͿɽμԶսҶ
һϣ̻󷨣һ㶼̻崫ġ
ΪСɣЯ㣬ϱ߿̻һֻҪͿԽһ˴͵Լš
ΪֻһˣĵǳСʶǳʵãܶŵĵӶЯһ
̲ǿ̻ģҲҲ̻һЩС󷨣Ѿʧڵ̴󲿷ֶõġ
ģ̫ˡϷɺܿɽɵ˷һ֣ԶսݵʢᣬûԸ
ҳ˵ǰߣ⣬ҲǲͬȥġҶ￴˷ܲѵϷɣЩˮĵ
ٺ٣ϴͷİɣ˵ҿܲУϵ裬Ҿû⡱Ϸظص
Ҷ˶˼䣬׼һ£ϾҪսħԨˣԼ۷״̬
´սһʼһ־սȵսҪǿĳ־
ǺҶżˣսǰ⼸Ŀʱ⣬Ҷ᲻˷ѡ
Ҷձޱȵأ˲ĿУһҶսʿļϡ
ҶǧѩһҶǲᣬΪҶһ졣
ҶﲻЦѾǵߴθ·ˣȥһûսأ·Ҫˣ
ҶǧѩûЦĿѾ˵ĶӣҶһͷӣӦ裬ôһҪš
˵š֣ҶǧѩҲ̲סû˱Ҷ˸˽ħĿ£ûܹ֪γȥǷܹŻ
Ҷ۷죬һᣬˮӿ˳Ҷ֪Լܿޣĸ׻ӵġ
ǿĳ嶯Ҷｫĸ׵ˮЦˣӲҪŻһҪħ׸ϻȥ
Ŷͨ۾ǿջЦݣҶǧѩҲ̲סҶʧʹޡ
ҶʱҲ̲סˮ̴ʪ˫ۣĸûע⣬ؽˮȥ
ҶվԱߣҲˮݺᣬԼΪܸҶһսɳ
Ҷﰲοĸ׼䣬Ҷһݺݵӵ
ҵĺϢɣһģ
ҶǧѩĶƣҶͦεӰѾʧǵ


255 ħԨ
ҶĹ㳡ϣٶҶҶսʿѾȫ룬µĿǰ
ҶȹҶ˵ǰʱҶһյ׺ͣʱͬһѳʵ˲ֱӡ
۷裬˫ָ˫ĿעҶսʿһͳ˧
ԶҶȵɽϣĽУҶˣŮ٣ȫվǰµĿŹ㳡ϵսʿǡ
ҶʿǣҶضħԨʮ꣬Ƿ߲ͣƽҶѾͷǲܰķʽսˣҪ
ҶϵҶȣ쳹ûһ˵С
ҽҶĽ飬㾡Ҷθħһս
ҶǵĻ±һ궯û뵽ξȻҶｨġ
ҶǴһӣһεɢ±ߵɧʱѻȸ
εҶߣҶڣ˶ҶָӡҶһµĵ
еҶսʿǶһҶŶ󣬺ոɳɣ
˵֮ʱһɫ۵ҶڰգҶߣ±۷׷׵һۡ
Ҷǻһ˿мЦǲǺܲǲΪһصĴսһëСӣǲ̫ʣ
ҶĻ˵ǵĿ֮УȷʵôģǱҶ˵Ƕʱ
һ±ѻȸȺҶﲻмصΪ˭λãҰλ˫ַϣ
һʱ±ߵˣ㿴ңҿ㣬˭Ҳ˵ǲҶʲô˼
𣿲̫㣬̫λøǣҲ˵ǾһȺ
ҶĻͬؾһҽǵͷʱǵķŭȼ
һЩһǿ߲ȻɫڴĴ˿棬ҶޱĿţ˿ûֹ˼
ҶٿˡһȺУҶŭĿӡ
ˣǺǣ㻹˵ˣһͿǡҶЦ
ָ±ߵȺղڼϵʱ򣬾Ϳǵг˾ţ־壬ҲҶ￴𣿡
ȫʱһĬΪϵʱǶ֪һս»Ļã
ôԵɱЩŲǺ𣿡˴е
ҶͷЦɱǰţǺЩˣ綼ʲôȥˣ
ҶڹչصЩ꣬ǶЩʲôһ¶ݣųͷһħԨ
ѵͷҪŶħԨңȥЩ¶ݣż˵ľΪʲôڶԸħϣ
һֻ֪ӿǹᣬԶħսˣǿһ۹ͳ˧ͨʿ¸ҵĶ࣡
±˱ҶĹѪͷƫƫһ仰Ҳ丱Ҷˣɫѿ
ƾҲƺΪߣƾҲ䣿ޡҶ޺޵һڿˮ֮Ա
ǸҶͬսǶѾһѧĸʲô
±ߵ˴ˣҶĻ̼˫ͨ죬˸еǣѧĸʲô
Ҷ￴˵ãҾ֪Ϊʲôѧ䣡
Ҷͣһ£ĶԼŰĿȥ
ǣϰĸҶƽص
±ߵһ㶣ΧɽҰҶˣһʱܶ˲ɵʲô
𣬰׷ԲԵӵĽޣϥµͯǲϰĸ
ǵˣһĲƸϰΪػǡҶͳɳƣÿĵط
ԶһЩͣѾˮģǵߡ
ڳ˷·һˣľһӱÿܶ࿨ƿߣΪʼ
񣬶ħ٣ǻ¾ǵˣĿȥ𣿡Ҷȵ
Ҷȣĵ׵飬ػ˵ľġ
ܡٶҰֱһʱսʿ硣
Ҷ΢΢һ˿΢ЦҶﻹǸͳ˧ţ仰Ĺ򣬾ܹһɢɳһҶ壬
ͬʱҶҲؼԼҶֻңŲжΡ
ȥҪҶΪԼ򵥣ҶܲζҶӢվͬʱҲο
ܺãһӦеˣӦûкܶ˻˲ܲãӰ쵽ʿҾͼ򵥵ؽһԼ
ҶǰңֻһĲ񣡡
ĵһ仰˾ˣǼֱԼĶ䡣
ҶѾǻʼǿˣҶȣѾǶˣ˭뵽ǰ߶ǡ
ԶվǰңԼӵҶ⣬˶𾪣ҶҲ⡣
ʱ򣬾նɱһλʿ
Ҷĵڶ仰˶ѵһڿˮȻʿоϣھܹɱʿֱ˼
ԽսʵΪֹս٣Сս񱣳ֲܣ
Ҷһ仰ͬ޴УԽսδһܣǺεȵİ
ȻҶ˵ĻģܹܵҶİǲм˵ѵġ
ҶǲЦֹԽսݳ⣬һ֮նɱİٶǿߣ˵ԻǰЩˣ
Ҷ￴·Ҷսʿ˵ЩΪҫʲôΪ˸һ£
֮ôǿΪҪȥػҶĿ𽥵ı
ҶĿɨԶĸĸ±ߵҶ诵ˡҪػҵĸĸҵİˣҵֵܣҲҪøӵǿ󣡡
Ŀת±ߵսʿҲһ㰮ˣͲѹǶҪŻ
Ҷ±˵ģǿŻžۣû˱Ǹ˽ֿ
ƽʱĺǣ˫ͨ죬ˮջ䣬зźҪŻ
ȻҸνôҾ͸ǣоųϵİգԴӮⳡս
ҶŵôҶͷһҶҲˣûգҶôôİա
˽ҶǴûаյģȻ˵мİա
ҶҲܱ֤ÿ˶ܻŻҿԱ֤Σյʱ̣Ҷһǰ
Ҷһ仰׵±ߵҶսʿûбһзˡ
ҶȻƱʮɳ֣ͬһսһ㣬һΪǵˣɱ
ɱ
սʿ˻𶯲񷣬׷׸ҶħԨһħսĻ


256 Ԩ
սʿ˻𶯲񷣬׷׸ҶħԨһħսչĻ
Ҷҹ꺮ѩˣҶ诡ҶǳϷɺܿɽ
ٺ߾ҶŭҶҶǿߺͰ벽ǡ
õɫҺҶ۷弶ǿ߷׷̤ҶֵܺȻڡ
Ҷǿ߹жʮһ벽ʮҶѾҶʷǿһˡ
һƬʼǿţаǧˣʣµȫսʿ
ڶһȻһеıݣԲǧңһҽƱݡ
ϱ߿̻ķģñƯڿգһңϾǿȵսģҽƱݣͿԶһЩΣ߽ȡ
һнٶȼ죬һͷ״ħȽ
ħȿȲǺܴҲһǧҶ䵱˼ͷǰŶһ·ǰۡ
н߰ǧʱ򣬶ħڳˣѩҹ꺮˵ЩĶħһնɱ
˹Ϭޱȣҹ꺮Ҷָ󣬲ǰһսܶǿĶħһնɱȻ󻹽ʡ
ѩǰķһ·쭣ܴСģֻҪǶħһҿѪ²ɵ
ҶʶȫɢעսĶҪĲսҪƿȫ
ΪʶҶŵʲõĽͳ˧ҪΪܹøҶܹŻȥ
˵룬һǧҵʱ򣬶ħ𽥶
ɲ˿赲ҶǰĽŲʱҶ诡ҶǳܿɽϷɶսš
նɱҹ꺮ѩ©µһЩȽǿĶħʼµĲᡣ
ΪȥնɱϾǵһսҪúߵĵ
ôǿ߿ЩʼսʿǣȻտʼЩңǾɱһЩϵĽ࣬ôľսˡ
˰ɱҶֹͣǰ͵ذӪϢ
Ҷ˶Ǹеĸ֣ɱ˰죬ûһ˿оǶЩξģսսʿ˵ЩԲˡ
һʼΪ£æңľսսһ磬ϻϣ˾޴ѹ
ҶΪ˸ǵһ״̬Ͼսһ־ս뱣սͳ־á
ʱϢսʿǵָ۷״̬Ҷ﷢˽
ҶŻ˽࣬һЩħ⣬϶±ߵ˴
ս࣬һǿĶħԼնɱǿģսһء
ҶսʿǣڷٵĳɳҶǰͷҶĻܵ
һЩҶ峤ǣҲҶԣȻЩ϶ҶĴ٣ǲòҶֶΡ
սҶսʿǣѾеĿ־壬ܹطӳԼӦеս
Ҷ߲벻ǣЩǾսõ˼򣬺úܶ˷׷ͻƵƿΪࡣ
ЩҶԤ֮УȻҶг񣬵ֻԵһֶζѣǧɱëǡ
սϴ񣬲Ŀ飬ôܻߵľ磿
ҶǲɵЩڣԼҶ۹⣬ĥҶӣҶֻǿʢᱻƵǱ
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ڶҶӿ˽࣬ĶħҶгɱҶֻħ˭֣ȫ±ߵսʿ
һսʱʮսʿսһЩ߲ҶָӺܲû˵ʲô
Ǵһγˣúܶԭ˷ܵսʿǶ侲֪սĲпᡣ
ڸ߲ĲҶᣬһȺϰӶƨսôܲˣ㵱ǹҼң
ǾЩΪøܹŻȥֻĿŻ̼ҶԼ˹ħԨˡ
ļˣÿ춼еɥսҶסˣҶｻ档
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Ҷһٳ˵ôͰ׻ˣսɶϷϽԺɧҶκξ
ҶԺҶ߲ǣ׷ױˣû˸ҶҶľɡ
־ɱҶЩĻ䣬ھܹһֱ˪ϴ񣬽һɱ䡣
˵Ŀⶼüᶨ̧֮䣬Ҳƣһǿˡ
Ҷ￴ЩҲĥĲˣڲٻȥˣΪҶѾ御ˡ
ڳУֻҶҶĿģҶΪ˸ҶĽһ˾ϴֻҪ϶ųΪһǿߡ
ڶ쿪ʼҶһӣȫԨȥ
ûãҶ˾͵˵ڶߣ·ѾħԨʮ֮ңˡ
֮ǵƽٶΪ￪ʼڵĶħ֣ڵҲˡ
ΧûȣǱֵ߳ħ϶һһġ
ħʱǳȺӵģսǿޱȣʱҶǿǣҲȫˣûʱȥչЩʼµսʿˡ
ʱǲŷ֣ҶﵱľǶôӢǸʱҶｫЩսʿǶڵǻһƬ
սʶԻʣһԸһ˭Ҳﲻ˭
սֻһ⣬ǾǷգ裬ʵĳͣ𶯣һ֧֧ʸʹһЩħҲֵס׷׵ء
Ҷ÷һЩǿߣϾܶǿ߶һЩˮոսʵʵĵá
Ƿͳǵľ˭ѵʱ򣬷ļʸؼʱ̸ϵǡ
ЩǣɵöԷм㣬Ϊкü˶ǱӹŹġ
Ҷעȫûгֶ֣ƿ֮УҪʲô
ֻҪ֤Щ߶սҪʲôͺãЩĥʱ̡
ýδսϢѹʵ


257 а۶ħ
Ҷ±ߵսȻɫһ䣬һ꺮ѩϺ˺󳷣
ͻıʣЩӦ⻹ǳҶһ´󳷵
һʱٶ˺ЩңһЩҶ߲ĺȺ𽥿ʼ
Ȼܶ˶ҶΪ´ǻϸҶҪִˡ
̼Ҷսʿǣ˳ҹ꺮ѩ˸ڻ󲿶ӳʱİȫ
󣬴ҷǰ߲ûʲô춯Щ죬úõΪʲôͻȻ󳷣
Ȼռһ󲨶ҶǳҶǰǰĿܹؿ
ģôͷа۶ħĴڡҶοص
ԭҶʶ˶ħԨǧķΧڸղȻ֣ǰǧﴦһȺħڼᡣ
Ҷһ⻹ǵһħʹսȻ׼
ҶӴʶΧȻ֣Ⱥǧħ֮Уһι״Ķ
һ˶±߳˼ʮǣԶԶȥһ㡣
Ǹû٣ֻһ۾Ǹ۾Щ񱩵Ķħǣ׷װ׷ߵߡ
Ϊ̫ԶҶܲϢǿɸߵΣԴﵽڡ
ҶϵԾǣܹƶħĻ̫ˡ
ҶǵĻҶʵʲôа۶ħ
а۶ħһַǳĶħǿȴԳЩ͵ȶħЩħһ𣬻ɺܴҶһεĵ
ϾԨħ˼ʮĽǵϰ˽طǳ͸ȴûκΰ취
а۶ħǳؽƻһֱڶħָӣӲǰ޷նɱ
ԭһɢɳһĶħսѾǳֲˣ񱻼ôɱ̫ˡ
սʱЩа۶ħǳҶͷۣȴ޿κΡ
ҶǵһܺҶĻҪȥ֤
˵䣬طһΪҶƵսʿǣȻɫһ԰ס
ֻǰһƬѹѹĶħԼ񱼣벻ʮֻ
ʮֻɢ£ЩħٶҶսʿ˵ʲô
ǼϵһһѼ⵶һ˹𣬿ҶսʿҲһ
Ĺûкõİ취ȥӦԣֻӲӲӲƴĻħӴαҪԴġ
ˣȰָһ´󲿶ӣȥа۶ħֶΡҶ
Сĵ㡱Ҷǵͷ
ȻЩħнʮ֮ڣҶ˵ֻҪʹóּ֮Ϳ𣬵֣ܳҪʱ̾š
Ҷҹ꺮ѩһƣ˶ʱ⣬ҶɳЩħȥ
찡Ҷﳤڸʲôʧ
ǾôˣҪӭսʮħ𣿡
ħһЩ¶Ѿˣ
ҶľٶˣЩҶһֱָӣδ֣ܶΪҶֻһʦû뵽ҶȻϳ
ֻˣͶʮħȥôݺ飬˵ҡ
ҶǳһǵĿҶһ˫Ϊ̫߬ķס
ҶֵİɣҶûյ飬ϣûʲô첻ģ
Ҷ诰οҶǳﰲ࣬Щ˼Цһ¡
Ҷ磬֮ƣӭ˶ħ
ҶһһȭӰݺݵڶħм䣬ʱʮֻħһжħע׷Ҷ
Ҷᣬ˫ȭ裬ХǰæȥǵǰĶħǻʼڼ׷ױҳ⣬Ѫ졣
ҹ꺮ѩˣ󣬽ݺᣬ˸֫ȣʱرϰա
һӴͬ߳ĹƣˣͬʱҲѪ
սӦӦеĺ飬һʱҶǣݵĿˡ
ǰŽɫȭͷҶκһͷħ޷赲ǰĽŲǿһͷͷħҶһȭ龰Ѫڡ
Ҷ˵սжħĳޣ׷׶ɱ
ҶһȭһĶħҷɣһԶǸߴɵа۶ħ
ǸħʱԶԶضڶĺߣҶﻹϰľ롣
֡Ҷһѩҹ꺮⣬һһ߷ֿ
߳ɱȥ󣬶ʱ˴ĶħҶ״ԥа۶ħȫٱȥ
ԶսҶսʿǣǰ״̬ʮֲ⣬˺޼᲻ݣΪʲôҪֿⲻս
˷ֿһҹ꺮ѩˣѶħҶֱǰȥ
ҪȥԸǸͷа۶ħ𣿡˿ŵ
Ҷûħܱܾͱܣܲȥľһȭɱתۼ͵а۶ħǰ
ʱа۶ħǰֻڵĶħػߣҶﵽһȭͷҶ䡣
ҶҪܣȻһĽҶĶУʱͷһͬʱħȭͷݺݵҶϡ
飡
ȷӻһȦȭͷصҶϣضҳһ޴ĿӶ
Ҷ
ҶǳһʧȥѪɫһҪȥȴһְֻסļ
İɣû£
ҶסҶǳͬʱҲ仰ˣ
ȻҶﱻһһ𣬴ӿӵ׷ɳа۶ħȥ
İɣϴ˭ǿ䣬һĴڣɩͷİɡϷɻ벻ĵ
ϷɵĻǾ䡰ɩӡҶǳͨ죬ûзĿ¶һ˿ϲ
Ȼ䷢ҶһϷʵĿԼҶǳʱӺˣЩүү
ҶһЦҶǳֱţɴҶ诵󣬲ٿˡ
ҶѾǿᵽ˱̬ĳ̶ȣڵĶħУҲֻǸеһѪڣûˡ
ճͷħͽȫΪסҶһ͹
ҶҪʱǸļʱյ𵽺ôҶﷴӦĻᡣ
Ҷ׼ħĹȫȫᣬǸ֮һֱԺУʱҶ﷢ԼЩܿƵһ
һû취ֵ˴Լλãֻ·һ
飡
ҶǿֱۻסԼ壬Ǳǹǿ˼ɵľ룬ҶؿǸа۶ħ
Ǹа۶ħڵĶħ󣬼ȲҲħһֻضҶ
ҶǻһĨЦԭˣôⳡսôɡ


258 ʿ
Ҷһ֣һ͸ĳУһӡǰ齣һ磬аǷȥ
֨
Ǹа۶ħһֽУʮڵһ㣬ԶˣͬʱǸħ齣ײ
Ҷ۾һУԼȡܵĻҶҲ׷ϣһϰٰ齣Ǹа۶ħȥ
Ǹа۶ħɱôܿù齣ʱ齣׷ϡ
ۣ
ܼı죬Ǹа۶ħϰٸ󶴣Ҷﲻһ㶣벻а۶ħķô͡
а۶ħ¾ԳΪûֶΣԲô
Ȼ̽㣬ûҪ˷ʱˣҶָӷɽͣиа۶ħƬ̹а۶ħһʵŭ𣬺Ȼء
а۶ħһЩƲսĶħǣ׷һȻŻָ
Ҷղһָ齣սһ߻ҪӦڵĶħа۶ħһоͼ򵥶ˡ
һٻƽսͷħһңҶſս˫ȭͬ޴ݺݵһͷħͷϡ
ۣ
һ죬ҶȭͷϵĿֲʹڵĶħҲܲס˶ͷ­Ҷһȭѿ
һȭͽһڵĶħȫսʿǣȵŴͣϲ£
Ҷǵ˶ͫһЩԭҶЩǣͷ𺳲ѡ
ǿڵĶħǿǶԸ˵ĴڣҶһȭôܲǾ
٣ϴϴֻӾ㹻ˡϷһݵĿҶıӰսȭͷ
ҶǳڴлظڲҶһ޵׵̶ܹ֪̽ĵޡ
Լղŵ£ȫ˿ˣһʱȡ
Ҷһȭͷħûаͣһһ͸ĳ֣ʣµħһӶ
ڳ˵ȫĿ⣬Ҷϣѩҹ꺮ҲߵĶħȫɱ⣬Ҷ
ǾҶͷħʱ˶о۾һҶг·һ£ֺûж
ҶɳʮɵľͷħȻһȻͷ­һᣬڵϣɫѪ
ͨҹ꺮Щŵؽе
ҹ꺮ڽѾһľ磬ѾӴ˽ͨıԵҲΪһǧĸԴڡ
ͨһֽ龳뽣ͨ豦ýﵽһ޼ľ磬ӳϵ
Ȼҹ꺮޽ҲֻǸոմҪ˵ǻҪһκܳ·Ҫߡ
ҶһУѾﵽ˽ͨľ磬ƾһ齣޷ɱħġ
ҹ꺮𺧵ͬʱҲҶصİݷʲôҶǰ
κԳŵˣֻҪҶǰԻᱻ޵ݣܹɱѾȽǿˡ
Ҷֽ齣ȫջڣתǰ
Ҷĵ˶Ծվֱ壬һַĵĹһЩսʿ˫˻ȵĹâһֳݣһֿȡ
ҶȸҶǴ˸к±ߵ˵ҸղŲһ£а۶ħĹʽΧһǧɵһǧ֮䣬Ժ󹥻ʱǧҪ̤򣡡
ҶָԼһõ·ЦȻһԼǿȵĻ͵ǰߵĻû˵һŻĻȥǽҲ
ҶĻһһЦ벻һҶȻҲῪЦЦôҵĸࡣ
Ȼа۶ħǿܹ죬ΪֻҪʹԶ̹׻ɱ
ҶΪԺӦƶһսƻҪʱһԶ̹С飬ԺͿɵĶսˣ
Ҷ￴ŷϷɵԺԶС飬ͽ죡
һͷϷȴ˷ܵصİϴСһϹѣ
ҶûϷɵǻתͷһԵҶԶСĳｨ⣬ͽˣҪһֻС飡
ҶѾû˵ĲԸڵĿҶ̧նɱڵĶħѾûиҶжԵ˼
ȻϣҶѾһˣŲһʱ䣬ҶѾɳӵĵزˡ
İɣ½ҰɡҶͷ
ҶûκεĲԸҶҲĶԹ£һͷˣ
źԶ̹СҶתͷ˵ӽ쿪ʼǶħԨĴսĿʼˣҪ׼
ͷһݣôսҲѾѪϴɳ
ǸղҶֻˣͽһʮĶħȺնɱ𺳲ѡ
ˣʲôսʲôӢµսʿҶΪǵģҪǿľĵȼˡ
пп־壿Ҷʵ
ûСҶսʿȡ
ܺãڵǸʱǣѾ֮Ƕˣ
Ҷ΢͵صʲôˣ˾ҪеΪԼκʹںһУԼ
Ҷʿǣҳ尡Ҷ˵꣬һŶħԨ
尡
Ҷսʿ־Ĵ˻Ⱥ鼤ܣҶǰӰ׷ǰȥ
ҶЩӵĿҶһǰƵıӰþû˵ԼЩѪʼ
ҲߣҶЩһɢɳôĲʿһһۣҲܴһʤ̡Ҷ̾һ
Դħ֮ſҶ帺ʮʵһֱڴ̣ÿһΣħĲǰһ
ҶѾɽˮĵزѾƵСľͷѾ·ˡ
ǾʱҶճһһ㣬ٵҶ壬ҶǲпǧҶĵҶ֮
ҶĿֲ츳ֻҪٸʱ䣬ԻΪһ뢡
ҶҡҡͷЩ뷨ȥܶôпˡ
ҶҶһֱԭͣǰֻΪýЧʡ
ҶѾʼֳ齣Ϊļ⵶˷˵ķҶսʿǰƽ
Ҷר֯һԶ̹С飬ûа۶ħʱǵǸӦһЩյҶսʿӶҶսʿĴʡ
ˣÿ춼мʮҶսʿ޷ġ
յɱһǰ˱ݺԶɵɫһ䡣


259 ƽ
յɱһǰ˱ݺԶҶﲻɵɫһ䡣
ֻǧ֮⣬ħѾ飬ͬˮһ㣬ͷƤը
ˣħԨʱҲôĶħ𣿡Ҷʵ
ɣħԨûбǾǰˣӦڽĳּϡҶǿԶ
ҶʱףΪҶ嶼Ҫ£ֵħˡ
ôĶħһγ˳棬ƽ̹ĵϣҶսʿɼ
ҶսʿϵһԶ飬ǧĶħӰɫʱЩ԰ס
ȻһЩڶħս龰ԼôĶħ֮ʱɵȴ
Ⲣ˵ų˭Ҳ޷еĿ־壬һֱܡ
Ҷ￴Щ־սʿҶЦɵĺҶʿǣҪħŵҪԼ
Ҷŵص˵ĶУеѹ΢һЩ
ͨЩսѾЩֵͳ˧׵İݷˡ
ǿܻԼûģҶһԾҶŴٴδ漣
Ϊһߣκʱжܿ־壬ǸֻӵĻңκκô־塯жɣ
Ҷʱ㣬ܹΪһսʿûκϰܹ赲ǰĽŲǵսΪǿʤǺ¶ݣΪսڵǶ֮ΪӢۣ
ӢۣۡͷһͬʱҲĵĿ־壬ڵѪʼ
һЩΪεҶΪôˣڹĶһսˣԼЩԼ
ܱҶƺΪӢۡһԵԺУȻ
ϣû˿Բڳ̣Ƿ񾫲ʣӢǣھǼ֤Ѫʱ֤ǺҵĻǻԥʲô
Ҷɵͳת߿һһǵĿϣ˲еѪˡ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ٶҶսʿȫȴеĿ־壬׷׾ߺҰ
һһЩһսʿǣҶĻеѪԣҶŭһϵˣ˫ͨ죬޲ϳɱȥ
ҶҶеĿ־壬ɵðһȥڽѭ
ҶһСҵͶðǰ
ԶССҪĿԸħеа۶ħְȫ룡
Ҷ峤ǰУͣȫɱ벽ϵĶħ©
Ҷ徫ӢǸʼħԼСͣ໥С
ҶսʿҲ˹Ķħͽˣȫնɱһ
ҶһÿС飬鳤Ӧʾס
ЩСĻ֣ҶڸսħȺֳģЧع
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ҶһʮɳһһȶԶĶħȥ
Ҷҹ꺮ѩ壬ǵǾλҶޣʼΪ
ҶǱԼʮɷԶ̹飬ʼɳ
ǹҶҶŭҶҳ飬Ƕǰ벽ϵǿߣɢڷС
֮ҶĻ߾ӢսʿǣҶݶħԨխΣƶļЧ͡
ҶļǰգۼǧĶħǰҶڿ΢΢Żٶȡ
Ҷĵ˶ħһɧ׷Ҷӿĳˮ
ҶǸֳһĨ΢ЦһһӣʮϴСԲ򣬴Ŵ̶ХܼĶħȺС

ҶһͺȣʮԲ˲ը
䣡
ضһֲƻΧΪ֮һգÿһԲ÷ԲķΧһƬɡ
µĶħ϶ըղҶĳ֣һϰĶħը
ҶС飬ȷе˵ӦͶС飬ֻûа취ҶһԿôը
ֻһһĽ쵯ͶרһЩħؼĵطͶΪģԵľ׼ȷÿһš쵯˷ѡ
ҶһըܼĶħȺ˲һ룬پͶСľȷµѾԭ֮һ
һЩ쵯ϴȻͦĶħ϶ϵĶħǳĺñϡ
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ҶҶŭҶ峤飬ֻܼһЩµ©
ܶħҲţ˳ֽΧһЩ߶ħɵ
ߵսʿǼҶ·һ㣬ͬ˷һ㣬ޱǿĶħɱ䡣
һܣΪֹǴûҶ˵һ󻰣ֻҪ˵ĳ;õǶҶŷѾԼӸĵز
ȻǰеҶֹͣΣһԶ̹С飬ɱа۶ħ
ԭǰʮﴦʮֻа۶ħڶħȺıָߵĶħ
Ҷһ£貨ӳڰգ裬ֻʰ쵵ĳ˲ͬһ㡣
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һ죬ͷа۶ħʱʸϵĿ񱩵ķѡ
ҶŷһĴָóһһΪǿ
ҶԼһЦʢһһ㽿ޡ
컷ΧڣһܲӦϴҲɵһͷа۶ħôһҰ
Ҷﻹû˵ĿԲݺݵصϷһۣϷɶʱһսɩӣҴˣǼ
˵ϷҲƵģԶƴɱ
Ҷҡҡͷа۶ħѾԴ󲿶ճвˣĲ١
Ҷǰнһ·ʶɢֹΣҶǳ
խܹӳҶ۷սС쵯ĸҶС
ҶǳҶ诺ܿɽҲҶ峤ڣŮı˿ѷɫκһ弶ϡ
ܿɽǴͷһ˶ĸͷȻҶŭĻҪࡣ
ѾڵĶħ⣬ûһĶħܵһͷ


260 ħ
ǰƽȻһһɿֲѹϮ
ǹѹĵħԨͬ޾֮С
˶о֮УԼѲϢˡ
ҶҲоһɼΪɱԼѣͨ巢
Ȼһȴ͵ܾˣ
ҶǵӰڴǰڿһռһ󲨶һֻɶߵӰڿС
ǸӰħЩһֻ࣬üĶһֻ۾粿ⲿһڹУϱɢĹ˸յͷ
ǸħؿҶǣȻԡһɱ⣡
ҶһЦССҲҷʴʣҿжͣ
ռһҶһȭͷħûдӰʧˡ
ҶҪʧ֮ǰҶǴҶҶħһǿޱȣҽСоսͽˣ
Ҷ֪Ҷǹ˼˵İΣֻȽǸħķߣ˽սڲôȫû
Ҷ֮һֱ֣Ϊ˷ħ͵ϮóѣҶ彫ʧء
ҶսȭͷǰоԼһһ㣬ʱܱ
Լ޷ƿأָоܲãҪøǿ
Ҳ£ǸǶħһѾ˴ˣҪˣҪħ֮ǰһ¶ħԨһϲûСҶȵ
СȣѾսˣѾûʲôԥˡ
ãǾͱһ£¶ħԨǹǸħɱ
ҶתŶǰɱȥҶҶ˵ħԨľͷһǿĶħػڿռͨһߡ
ΪռͨС޷ֻܻͨѴԼķͽ
Ƿռͨʱ򣬻ܵռʴʵ½ͨͨħԨʵֻа벽
ȻҪʱȥָܻǷǻָ۷壬Ҳֻбİ˳ս
Ǿ˳սÿζҶսÿնɱǸħͻһͽ
Ǹħһػ꣬Ҷ棬һֱ
ÿδսҶ嶼Ԫˣ߶ᱻƽܴһء
ôҶսʿսʿǵĿݹǼĶħˣʼκβ
вˣҶĽħԨڵĶħɾ
ҶһȣǰƽҶ׵壬һ·
ܼĶħȺҶ˦쵯ħһҲ˳ֱ֣ȡѪ𹭣ҶսʿУһ֧֧ʸÿζħ
ҶѡĶںͺڵĶħһһӲա
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ʱǰƽ˼ƽٶԽԽ죬ֵһݡ
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Ҷ˿ЩݹǺһʱаٸнЩ˶ǵ档
ֱݵҶսʿҶ豯ˣǶҶӢۣԼѪȡǵĳɳ
һеĸΪǣǸǲһصĸһսᣬԺҶ˿ǵȥ
ǽǵŹպãǵ꣬ǽеĶħǽǵԸ
Ҷ˵󣬺ܶҶսʿǣСؽϵŹպãͬʱҲӼᶨ׷Ҷħľġ
ҶŻ˽࣬ôҵս΢һ£Ĺǿ̫һֱ׳⣬ųжȲ
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Ҷǰ˼Ҷ﷢ֶħ෢˱仯һЩĶħ֡
ЩħβǺܴһҲʮɸߣǵֱϣһĹͷ
ͷź⣬ȻΪֱۻӶĳ֣з
ҶҶﲻʶֶħ͵ֶħƺΪħϳĹͷһ㱦һ͡
Ҷﲻüͷһ壬ħܲҪԸҪǶǷɢˣá쵯Ը
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һûмɺսԵսҶҲҪָˣֱȡǹս
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һɱҶڽ˻߰ľ磬Ҷﾪϲķ֣ԼڵС磬Ѿɳֱǧˡ
Ҷ˷ܵǣݲС򣬿ʼ۳һЩӡ
Ҷϸ۲һ£ЩһЩӲݵӣȻûɳҶѾܹӦڻѿ
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ϴݳ⣬Ǹ벽ߣһȭҵ֮ҶͶС֮Ľѡ
Ǹʱǰĳ֣ԼпòʮУҪǹɿ񱩵
ֱܹģѾһһַ
Ҷ֮İ벽ֻܵͷܣ޷սʤԼСڴ
ŴĻƽҶսʿսԽǿ˵ճʱһôǾһ龫֡
սʿսУУеƿ׷ɶÿ춼м˲̶ͬȵͻơ
ҶҶŭ˸ӵҶͷصȫͬ
ޱ޼ʵĶħΧֻ˲˶飬ʿ磬ǲΪķһִ
ִ󣬾Ȼһʮ걩¶˳Щ˼ϼһǲѡ
ԭһЩҶˣ׷׸ı˵ĿһֱĴԹ޵ҶͤޱȸӣζƿǿԼﰡԼһֵݳɼģ
Ҷﲻ֪˵뷨ֻ֪һ߼սһ߷նɱħͻƾ硣


261 ڶħ
ҶǰɱȻһɸϢϮҶʱоһļ£ͻȻɫһ䣬ȡˣ
ԭڲ֪䣬ѾǰɱʮħѾɱˣǰĶħֳһ֡
ħʮɣִ֫󣬵ǱȫΣһ˶ɣһëҲûУϱȴһĿ
Ҷɱ䣬ǸΪﵽڵĶħͻȻǰĿȫſһͬŨīһҺҶϮ
ǹŨīûҶҶϵ·Ѿʼ΢΢ãҶд󾪣æȴҺˡ
ͬʱԼҲٺ󳷣ܿǹŨīҺ壬ҶԭʮʼħʱǹŨīУһ˲ҽһƬ
ЩħŨīһҺк˲䱻ʴûͻһ̯ɫˮ
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ҶһԼ·ԭϺòĺɫۣͬ绯һ㣬׷顣
ҶﲻºȻĹʽӦһֶиʴЧ
ˣΪ̫࣬һʱ˵ٶȼΪЩħԿǡ
Զ̹Ϻ˼ٳˡҶһȣǺͷַ׷Զ̹Щħ
ЩſĶħŴ׳ֵ֫˵Ĺ󣬷ȻȲһħҲа۶ħǿ١
һʱԶ̹ճɵ˺ޣҶֳ𹭣ҶսȦ
ȻЩħǿ󣬵ǰû˿֮˲䱻Ҷ˼ͷ˵İæסš
ѾǧҶﲻս˴һ˵ƣ˻˴֮С
ҶصУֱҵҶŭʵүүħʲô֣ʲô㣿
Ҷŭ¶һ˿Цҡͷħûгֹʷûκμأ
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ƾڶħͷȻħǿһЩǻη塣
䶾Һ޲ˣһʱ˭Ҳ˵ĿҶ
ȫ˶ĿҶϣҶｫĿŷԶİڶħϣǵ幹졣
ȻҶ֪ڶħֹʽԲ־ãҲξûˣκβǣΪʵ̫ˡ
Զ̹ɱĻ༸ĶħȺҪɱȥ
Ҳȵ𣬵Ȳ𰡣ҪȥμԶսأҪȥΪѰҲȪһ̾Ͷһ̵Σա
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Ҷһ˳ħһɧЩ˼ҶϰԵľҪųȥ
ĿţҶﳤµҶȺȵ
ڴʱҶѾڶħǰʱ𰵺ڶħע⣬һжħҶﱼ
ҶȴǶ֣ܴȦӣڶħע⣬׷Ҷ￿£
ϷɿҶǶħȺɵͷƤһ飬еϴڸʲô
Ϸɣ˵ͷᵽɤ۶ˣҶǶħеһҶۣŷʱ߸
ڼжħΰڶҺҶһֱܣǶħ̫ˣҶＸλǱҺС
ʱֲҺҶϣʱһ̣Ҷе޲
Ҷ诵һŮӣ׷סӣޱȽŵĿҶ
ҶŭȭͷȴﲻκæҶǿֻ̫࣬Ŀš
ȻҶһȣ˱˻ƽɫЩɫҺ壬ȻʴҶ·ȴκβҶ󰵽
Ȼû֮ǣǸɫҺ壬ǽҶĸ첲ϵƤʴһƬݡ
۵Ҷ죬Ȼʹ̣ûˣһʯͷ˵ء
ҶɴʮֵľܶҺԼܵˣ·Ҳܲˣ絽ϣҪ㱼ˡ
ԶҶսʿҶﱻҺУȻȻ׷ױһҶһյĮһ
Ҷ诵˼Ҷһղһ£ɰŻˡ
ҶʶɨһΧİڶħƷԲڣʮֻڶħ
ҶͻȻһ˸˴ӵʧֱӳڰɸ߿գһҧٸ쵯һĹ켣䡣
ұ
䣡
ܼ󣬿ֲһһⱬѿҶҲֱӱɡ
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ԭΧҶʮ򰵺ħȫʧ˵ϵһƬ⡣
Щ⣬ЩɫҺ建ʴҲ˺ɫҺһ֡
Ҷϰ飬΢ЩǱղŵıըʵ̫ˣҲˡ
ŵϻʧ飬Ҷ￴ЩڶħȻԼ嶼ֿסԼĶҺ
еڵҺθճĤıԼҲᱻʴ
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ݺݵһҧȻ᲻úײסǣһԶһƬڵҶսʿתͷħԨȥ


262 
䡱ıѪɣˮأһƬڶħըĩ
䡱Ҷڷһ죬һɻϢڶҶﲻ֪ըٰڶħڽ˻ʼ졣
Ҷ죬ڵСִһȦЩ±ߵѾʼѿ˵档
ԭһƬë֮صС磬һ˿ӣô
ҶͬʱоԼС֮һ˿ϵһֺ΢ĸо˵
ͬʱҶϢǿᣬԱ֮ǰǿˣҶ˲١
⼸ҶԼһսΪ˾æҲΪҲֻ
ҶЩսʽǵ͵洫ʱȺɱǷŻգըը
ЩڶħһЩûǻ۵˼ֻõһζɱ¾
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ҶŭŹϵĽЩпصҶʮǰʧȥıݣ벻ǻ̤һ죡
ҶŭǶҶʷһ˽ĸ߲ǣ޸пĿЩѾ𳾷ڼеĽЩѾݺᡣ
ﲻֹһƬҶ忹ħʷӡǣǾÿһݣսĵطܹ̤㣬ܲ鼤
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񾭹ⳡսԭһЩӣѾȥɬøسΪһҶսʿ
ҶͷһԶȻյһƬԨôԭһ£۷״̬
Ҷһ㶵ЩһֱսеһֱϢ
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˵ҶǳСһһί·ʱ޳һ㡣
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Ҷ￴ҶǳͨɵһůǸĺŮԼôĵǸŮӶ̫ˡ
ǰǸʱŮһɾˣĸٶ࣬δ顣
Ҷ￴Լ˵Ҷǳһ󽹼Щ֪صҶǲǡˣ
Ҷû˵סҶǳ֣ҶǶʱһ͸ˡ
ȴûаĿΣŵ㾪ϲһʱʲôҲ˵
ͨҶǳ֣Ҷܹܵ飬ҶﲻаҶﰡҶ˼ծˣ
Ҷ֮ʣҶǳ·ĳ־һ㣬ᶨصҶǲ£Ը˵𣿡
ҶشҶǳֵҲڴܣֵֻܹһЩ
ҶǳĻҶͷ군ˣôᣬϾҪˡ
ҶǳҶ۾ʲôѣҶԶߣ
Ҷ￴ŽߵݣҶǳ΢Ŀﲨתӣһһ⣬֪Ҷʧˡ
Ҷȵ촽Ҷǳӣ֮ϣһӣȫҶǳʱһת·ʱιȥһ㡣
ŻвĽҶǳ׾ҵĻӦҶоԼҪڻˡ
֪˶ãֿĶŶԷһﶼôĶ࣬·ͨղŵһǣѾﵽһͨĸо
žžžž
һҶ诺ͷһϷʵĿŶˣץ͵ȵСһ㡣
Ҷ磬ʲôƤգգ۾Ȼ֪ʡ
ҶǳƤ̫Ȼ֪٩Լͨ죬Ҷﱳ󣬲ҿˡ
ҶƤˮֵǹ룬ǻһЦҸǳһϷкӺŮ˭촽һЩҲһ£
˵Ͷݺݵȥһ󿩿Цæ㵽Ҷ诵ͷҶ磬ҪԣҲҪһû˵ĵطܲأҵС
˵껹ƤĿ˿ҶǳҶǳߵ޵ݣҶЩûģڷһǵҪˣղǳҪЦ˼ң
ЩίصֻǳҶ˵˵ûסҶͰ
ôʰ㡱Ҷǳڹʼȥ
ʰˣǶооôȥסҶͣ´ν̽ҰЦţȴţɵ٩Ҷǳ
һʱŮΧҶ说ת˾Ϸ˼ЦҶɾǶħԨˡ
ЦˣˣҶĿǵллǣ
ͬʱһ㶣ҶħԨʵҵѹܴллң
ߣİٱһҪⳡ̴ʤ
Щ۵ĿҶҶ磬Բô࣬ʲôﲻ㣡
ߣǶҵˣҽȷʵ⡱ҶɫЩء


263 սʼ
˼ҶɫأǳΧҶߣҶϡ
ϵ㣬ҶȴӳأԼҲˡ
Ҷ¾˵ɣȻǿܰﲻʲôԸֵҶḧҶգһ緢ҶЩ㲣۲ѡ
˶Ҷս޲ʤӢ۸һ棬˭ֻվҶĽǶȥܹ
Ҷոչʮ꣬˶ᣬƫƫеصѹһϡ
Ƕһ棬˭еĿɬ˭ܸе
ָҶսʿ縺ȫ˥ʹͱѹˡ
ҶﲻҪָսԣҪɱУʿѾΪҶľ֧
˭֪ŵĶô࣬ôƣ£һġ
ҶҲһƽ꣬ҲҪοҪѾΪȫעֻܳȥ
˽ҶˣڳﵱҶ诣ҶһԶ֪Ҷ϶⡣
Ҷ诺ͷҶǳοҶϣܹҶﻺһѹܹʱȴеĿա
Ҷôǵķģ̾˿ҸղŲ鿴һǰĶħĲ𣬿ԺҪּˣһʱ뵽дҶսʿԶڴˣЩѹ
ҶѾĺܺˣҶûܹĸ
ҶǳһصүүҲ˵ĳ֣ҶҶҲ˶ˣܳɰܣǶԶ֧㣡
ͨҶܽӴҶǳڷеɬ󵨵ĽԼ˵Ļ˳
ҶͷЦ°ɣҵĲûжҡֻһʱпѣ
ҶǳֵпһΣҶǣԺҪпβУ
Ҷǳղŵ򾲶ʱʧһ׶ҶﻳУҿˡ
Ҷ磬Ͽٸпһΰɣظ诽ˣȻֵˡĿĵ
һʱ䱻˰ΧҶĶڻˣͬʱҲɺ飬˶أһҪػЩǡ
ͬʱҶе˼ŨԺиֳһ崿Ψ磬㻹Һ㣡

ڶһ磬һҹĴսкͣȴҶļġ
Ҷ￴±սⰻȻҶսʿص˵ͷҶʿǣ쿪ʼǾҪսǽԸǿĶħ
ҲһħǽôҶͿԳ˵Զڣ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
Ҷսʿǣߺǿʤ⣬ȱ޷ɵ׳٣Ҫǵɣ붼Ѫˡ
΢ƽҶһħΪǿǿִܻҲܸʲô֤Ǿ仰жΣա
顱ҶһȭϡҶԶǰ
ҶľٶеҶսʿʱˣûб仰Ѫӿˡ
Ҷ
Ҷ
Ҷ
Ҷսʿ٣׷ȫߺޱȾηͳݵ֡
ɱҶһֱһֱħȥ
ҶĶ˸ߺһǴʱѾоԼϵѪѾʼˣҪöħֹʡ
ҶҶŭҲ۸ߺ·һӻصʱص׷ͣٱ
Ҷǰһ·һħҲûͷ졣
ǼҶһԲǰҲʣֻҪҶľ飬ֻҪȥִУһ־ԵΡ
ǰڳ˶ħ𾪵ǣǰһݡ
ҶڶħԨµĵڶݣЩħȻＯᣬоһ㡣
ҶŭɵһҶЩûǻ۵Ķħôᶮ÷
ǰҶΪǺпܳһͷ죬ͷһǻۣ
ȻħǹôãؾֵǹǰɡҶһƽĵ
ʶ̽ߵĵΣŻôأսûôô
ħҶصǣֶħУкܶవڶħм䣬ֱҪ
ͨı۶ħħڶħһ𣬶Һ߾ȻһȺûĶħ
Щħһ˶߼ʮɣÿ϶Ǵ̣ź⣬ȻûĹǴ̶ħ
ҶһЩǴ̶ħʱǴ̶׼˴
ಣ
һƿ֮ЩϵĹǴ̣ͬŭʸһ㣬Ŵ
סǴ̣
ҶһǹЩǴһҡ
顱ǹǴײʮɵĹʱۣҶɫȴˡ
һǸǴ̵ȣ൱ǿߵһǳĿ¡

һЩûܵסĹǴ̣˴֮УʱսʿǴײ
һʱ˲ɵɫ԰ףħ֮Զ̹Ѵˡ
ҶŭҶߵڸô죿
ǰֻǴ̵ĹǴ̶ħ˶ЩղһֻмٸǴ̶ħ˹
ֻǴ̶ħͬʱҶҪʧˡ
ҶǴ̶ħҶԸ±ߵİڶħС飬ȫáƱҵɱҪ˷ѣʣµĲҪҽҲ֪ôˣ
ǡҶŭЩġ
ûʲôˣľͰˡҶ˵Щ˻һӰǰݷȥ
ͬʱҶ˫ֽӡһʮɴСǶһ־˲壬ǧѷɽҶﱳγһԲĹĻ
ҶһȣȺɽʱһ⣬ԶĹǴ̶ħɱȥ
ۣ
ʱֻǴ̶ħնɱ⣬ͬʱҶҲйǴ̶ħע⡣
ʱйǴ̶ħǴҶʮɳĹǴ̣ǵŭʸһҶݺݴ
ҶһϺȣٻƽսһԲȭͷҶγɣǰĹǴ䡣
䣡
һ죬ռرѣĹƬ׷׷ɳ񱩵±ߵĶħ
ҶоԼͬɽһ㣬һһѪ
Ҷʱ˾ҶеսǵһμҶˡ
Ǵͬʱ֪ҶܹǴ̶ħĹѾǳˡ
ĹǴ̶ħС붼ħٸڣҲҶκһˣȻᱻƬ
ҶһѪûаͣǰգۼҶѾɵ֮ϣֳǹЩǴ̶ħȥ
ͬʱʩչͣعĹǴ̶ħһʱһҡ
ЩǴ̶ħҶʱһǴҶǻһĨЦ
ЩǴϮҶʩչӰ٣һʧԭأЩǴ̶ʱգȴҶ︽һЩħ
ΪǴ̵Ĺǿһӽħɱü򣬵ʱϸˡ
ҶѾɹ˱ݣҶŭֵǵıˣҶʿǳ尡


264 ƶħ
ҶѾɹ˱ݣҶŭֵǱˣҶʿǳ尡
ŷӦҶﳤѾѿеĹͷˣֵԼıˡ
ɱ
һʱɱ죬ȻЩɱ۾ɼǵҶｻǵս
Զ̹飬Ҫɱڶħħɱʵ̫ǿˣɱ
Ȼħռ˵ƣǿǻɵģҲǺܴ
ԭվڱϵĹǴ̶ħȷʵҶսʿ˼вΪսʿǷɵУͳ˻ӡ
ǵսĻϾϺܴвҶƵˡ
ҶڱݺȥͣػɱǴ̶ħЩħֵס齣Ĺ׷ױնɱ⡣
ĹǧǴ̶ħնɱֻһСҶһ󲿷ֶǹǴ̶ħɱġ
Ǵ̶ħȻǻۼֻͣҪҶǱƴ䣬˿ħ
Ҷ﷢Ϻ󣬷Чƺһ£һָ齣һרǴ̶ħܼĵطܡ
ȻЩûӵĹǴ̶ħ۵һ˲ЩǴ̶ħ׷ױǴ̶ħ
ȻҶоһĲЩԭ񹥻ĹǴ̶ħ׷ԶȥҶԶ㡣
Ҷһ㶣ЩֻʣһҵĹǴ̶ħ׷ȥȻҶǰܳʮڶħһ½ҶΧˣ˲һīҺҶ
ҶͫһҲ룬ֱʹûӰ٣ԭʧͬʱһƷġ쵯¡
飡
ѪʱҶѾڰ֮УЩڶħըƬڵĺɫҺҲǷԲʮЩǴ̶ħʱͷǡ
һĽЩǴ̶ħʱɫҺ壬ʴĳһ̯⡣
Ȼһ΢겨ǹɲոճҶǸһĨЦ
ǹһҵ棬ʱԲʮĵʱѿ׷ױۡ
֨
һֽУһϸСӰԶ硣
ҶٴһЦֱʧԭء
ǵϸСӰոձȻ岻ˣΪһֻץסĺ
ҶħһֻһСֽ϶˼̣ƴعҶֱۡ
ҶʹƽսŬȴ˺Ҷֺ
Ҷһֱ֣ЩûӵĶħôͻȻĶòˣԭһֱڸ
ղŹǴ̶ħɱʱǹ겨ǾͿʼˣҶľ
ʶһֱɢ͵Ⱥһڶγ֣Ȼշ겨ʱ򣬱Ҷλá
ҶôҲû뵽ôħľȻôһСҾȻǲڵµġ
ϢҲڶѣȻܹôħҶһЦС죬һ£
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ҶﲻɵĻŭţȥǿɱѪе¶ħԨˣ
ħǷ׷׳ˣҶսʿסˣħȻ᳷ˣ̫˼ˡ
ħûиģе־壬ħսô꣬͸˶ħϰԣѾ˽̿顣
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֪ǵҶضħԨĵһߡ
˵赲ǽŲһؿֻҪؿͿԵռͨ
ԭشöħԼȽҶСָӶħǽ
ħȻûǻ۵СӰ£׷ǰĶħһ񹥡
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ȻûǻۣһıܣǲԼͬ֡
һʱЩħûô£ͱǧֻǴܼĶħȺС
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ҶڶħѾȺǿʼŶ
С£ǧֻڶħһ½ԼжҺȫһӸ˷Բ
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·ʱǲŷӦһȺվڱϵĹǴ̶ħʼ·Ǵ̡
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ѾµϴѾưܲûʲôˡ
СָӣѾһֶħ˱ݣЩǴ̶ħֿʼӲãһ䣬һʱĶħֵңڹǴ̶ħĹǴ֮¡
Ȼ䣬һ֣ûаףֱӽָӶħС롣
С족Ҷһ


265 ս
ȻһСƿصǾСħ壬նأҶʱѡ
С죡
ҶҪȥȻС콹磬Сû£ҪСǸħ
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Ҷﲻ󾪣ħȻ˵һֲõԤóҶȫ
쵰ȥѩǸħȻвҶɵŭӿֳֳǸħͷն䡣
ѩѾǿߣΪǴﵽһߵľ磬һնƲɵ
ѩˣ
ҶһУæǰԮǻǳˣǸ췢ħһֱһӡ
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һ죬Ǹ췢ħĹ쵽˼飬ֻһѩؿڱ췢ħһ֩һֱ۴̴
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ҹ꺮Ϸɵѣ׷׷ŭ𣬷ǰȫƴļơ
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Ҷһȣ˶侲ȻҶΪʲôôǳϣʹ붼ȥִҶ
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飡
ҶȫһȭǸ췢ħؿڣʱҳʮԶҶûѩӺ췢ħ϶
ʱѩ˫ĿãȻؿһڴѪѪӿڷš
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Ҷ诡ҶǳѾʱҶսʿҲɵˣһޱȵѩôˣͷһʹ
ҶѩֵֵܣûܹǴ߶ߣİɣ
˵Ҷǰֳһķİɫ컨䣬Ҷ΢΢һ˲仯֭ҺѩĿС
ԭѾ֮ʵѩ壬ʱһԭʧ漣ļٻָ
ؿ࣬ڻϣѩ徹Ȼǰ·󶴣ûܵһ
ѩȻָˣϷɵ˶ʱһ󻶺ѩЩŵĿԼؿڣʵᵽĵҶӹŹظˡ
磬һšѩ嵽ڻЩţʵ
Ȼ㱻ڤͻˣ𣬸ϿָҪսˡҶԶԼȫһȭɣⱾĺ췢ħ
ͷħڹѩʱ򣬳䲻ⱻҶһȭУҶȫһȭƺûиճʲô˺ٴϿ
Ȼռһ󲨶ҶǵӰǰֻʱҶЩǱ¶ദһֱ۸Ѫ졣
ĳֶʱҶһ󻶺ˣ˵ѾͷħĴ죬¶ħԨѴ֮
ҶǳսϣԴһۣ©˷ܵЦݣϳǶħԨ
ҶǿҶҶȻֵû㣡
ҶСУħķչһսħʵ̫ǿˣǷҲİ˳ս
ҶǾһսһĴۣŽħǾɱ
ɱҶʱ䶼ûУϳ֧ԮҶû뵽ʱҶȻѾѾ˶ħԨľͷ
ҿҶսʿȻûгʲôҶǸӵСһˡ
ˣͲҪڿСˣһӲͷڲÿвǽɡҶЦһһָԶĺ췢ħ
Ҷע⵽ͷ췢ħɵóһ벽ȻҶӦħĵȼΪܣȴһۿˡ
Ҷǲһռͨݲ°벽ħģÿռͨݣռ֮С
ôֻһԭˣǾͷħԼˣҴοҶǾȻֱ治Ȼǰûֹġ
ǰ벽ħǰɲҶҶļ̫ˣʣµľͽҰɣ
ҶǸҪֶԸͷ벽ħȻռһһԶʮһռͨʼòȶǸռͨʼ
ҶǺȻɫ䣬ã
һҶǰİ벽ħ˲ˣһռ䴫ͳǸռ֮ͨǰ˫ֽӡȫתռֹ֮Ǹռͨı
Ҷ²Ǳ߾ȻǿĶħʼչռͨɹˣħܹռͨҶȻ˲ҷ𣡡
ҶǵҶԺУһ˿Ȼ̬Ѿ˵Ԥϡ
Ҷ˲ˣҶֻȫֹԷĹѾ֧ԮˣһֻܿԼˡ
İɣͽǡҶﴫҶǣֹħ
ҶҶ͸¶Ǹħǿޱȣˣһӡ
ҶȡǹƯڰգٻ˻ƽսʵޡ
ʮɳڻҶߵĿռڻŤ־ѾҲûа㱣ˡ
ҶʿǣǵͷˣӮҶ彫ȥҶʹսᣬڵûʱԥûʱ־壬ûʱǿԸ׷ҶħǾһսҶ߿ħԨ
һս
һս
һս
˶֪ʱҲҶľ񣬹ƴľģŭһ˸߹һˣŭΡ
Ȼǰ޾ĶħȺУһңֻڶħȺеİڶħ׷Աһ˲䣬ΧƬĶħըͬʱͬīһĶҺӡ
һ˲佫˼ľ룬ΧһЩħ׷ױɫĶҺʴһƬҽС
Ǹ췢ħʱһŭֱħȺУȻùһ㣬һӴСĶħ˲䱻ɱ
ҶСɹˣȻֻʹһΣѾջ񼫴ˡ
С׳ٺ״̬صҶʶڣѾﲻʲôæˣƵħսûʲô塣
Ȼ֪С״̬ߣСڱϾֻףһܵ깥̻ɢҶﲻðա
ҶһҶʿǣҳɱɣ֤Ѫʱˣ
˵꣬Ҷʮɳһ𣬶ŶħȺڵĺ췢ħ۶ȥ


266 Ⱥսħ
ʮɳһ𣬶ŶħȺڵĺ췢ħ۶ȥ
ҶķҶսʿǣ׷״һŶħȺɱȥ
ѾǽʲôսʱˣһӲɣ˭ֻܻܿ˵ʵˡ
ҶսʿѾȫҶ˸ˣȫ˿־壬ηħɱ
ʹ£ҲѸٲϿȱûһ˺ˡ
ȻҶһȥʶһֱעսͬһɢɳҶսʿ˺ηսҶѪҲȼˣԼѾʼҶˡ
Ҷɳ۵췢ħǰǹȫ£Ǻ췢ħһ
䣡
رѣղֲʵĶħԨĴҳһԲĴӡ
һЩܲĶħ׷ױֲ⣬һ˲Ǻ췢ħΪ֮һա
Ҷ￴˺췢ħһۣɵͫһԼȫһȻûܹˣҶﲻЩͷƤ飬̫ǿˡ
Ҫ֪ǹĿֲϵҶȫֱ춯أȴκβǰ벽ĶħҶ԰벽һһ
Ǹ벽ĺ췢ħһ˫۾Ҷ࡭Ӧá𣡡
Ӳ³⼸ںǸ벽ĺ췢ħͬǹһ㣬Ҷ﹥
Ҷѹе𾪣һӭͬ籩һȡ
飡
֮ڶҶգۼĹеǹ췢ħӲ˼ʮΣһҶڵֵסɨɡ
ڱɵĹУҶһѪܵ˼𵴣ͬʱҶѪѾѣǹòס
ҶһԼڣһЩѪ˿ҶﲻԼ׵Լࡣ
Լڰ벽췢ħ֮ǰһӲ¡
ͬʱҲ֮Ŀֱֲֵܵġ
ԭҶӭս췢ħʱҹ꺮ҲҶ˹Ҷ췢ħӲƴһʱ򣬷׷ױֲˡ
ҲΪΪǿᣬԶһ£Ǹˡ
ͬʱҲޱȵľǺεȵನܡ
Ǹոͣס壬ҶѾ췢ħеĵڶν棬һܼĽҶﱻѪ˴󾪣׷׸Ԯ
Ƽ
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Ǹ췢ħԭҪ׷ҶģθնͱһУҲֹˡ
תͷ췢ħ۾ɨһҹ꺮ˣһͷ﷢ͷƤ顣
췢ħһ֣¶ɭ׵ݣ糰һ㣬˲ʧԭء
ں췢ħʧԭصʱҹ꺮˴һáǸоˣҲ֪췢ħֵʱ򣬱Ȼһ
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ܿɽ嵲סʱǰ׵ĳһֻȣаìϱſֲĲܿɽ
ϵĲϴδѩϵĲͬϴεֻһͨȴǸ֮һУܿɽ̻ᱻֲƬ
ɽ
췢ħĹ죬ûףȴҷӦʱѾܿɽǰһ̼ĴС
ǸȾҪܿɽʱһֱɫĴ֣һƽܿɽ𿪡
ۣ
һɫӰܿɽλãסķ췢ħ糤ìһ㣬ҶѪȻ䡣
Ҷ
Ҷ诺ҶǳŮһ˺ѷεļУ·һȴ̴ǵ壬ǧٱ
ͻıʣ˶ѾֱҶԼ嵲סȣǲ

Ҷ嵲סĺ췢ħȣûӦǸ췢ħҲһ£ûعҶǹݺݵͷϡ
顱һ죬Ǹû˿׼ĺ췢ħʱҶһǹҷɡ
ֱɵʮ￪⣬ֹסӣ˾ǣԴϱҶһǹȻûˣѪƤûơ
ҶŮʱΧסҶմۣһеĿ
û¡Ҷҡҡͷ̷һڤ꣬ϵĴ󶴿ʼٻظ䣬˿ھѾʧ
һԶǧҪ췢ħҶһصĵ
Ҷһսֲ̫֮ˣ⣬˭鵽˭ڤȲ
ͬʱҶа̾뵱ԼǸսߵʱ򣬾ܴڴ۹ʹûл֮Ǹʱʹǰ벽
ԼѾǻ߾ˣȻһ벽ûл֮ΪԽߣԽˡ
˵ͷҶһǹԶĺ췢ħȥ
Ҷʮֵľصʱ򣬰á
췢ħҶ﹥ٴһ֣һݣһ֨֨죬ϵİ˸һ𣬶Ҷ﹥ȥ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ÿײħԨһ񱩵ӣغƽ١
Ҷʱ̺һƬڤĻֻ꣬Ҫˣ̳һƬָơ
벽Ķħʵֲ̫ˣ󰵽ָԼơ
ڤĴڣҶֻܴŴˣ췢ħܹԸġ
ҶοǣҶÿαɻ˵ʱѩĵӰҹ꺮ĽļʸܿɽĴ֮ǽԼȡһĻظʱ䡣
ʱӣҶ˵ϣĬץסսĽ࣬סͷ췢ħ
ͬʱҶ˸췢ħսʱҶսʿҲĸħսš
ԭޱ޼ʵĶħСŬѾֻǧˣЩǶħеľӢΪĶħҲڽϡ
Ҷսʿû٣ԶйŬסռͨǰҶս벽ħ˵Ӱ˶Ѫƴɱ
ǾҶޣ͵õҶҶӭս췢ħʱ򣬾ͽеı쵯ȫ˳һܼĶħǸϡࡣ
һըħѾʣ²ǧʱཻ̱ʱˣһʱսѪɣжħģҲҶսʿģѪȾ˶ħԨĴء


267 ƾ
ս˽һʱҶ﷢սʽֹۣҶǱߣǸռͨȻڻ
ҶһҧȫǺ췢ħӲƴһ֮󣬽ŷ֮˳һξ롣
Ҷˣҹ꺮˸æԶ̹֧ԮҶǺ췢ħʱҶ
վΣҶ˫ֽӡһͺƾճһ˶
Ƕǧ齣ɵɢڿۣγһѳ
ǰʮɳĴ󽣳ֺ󣬿ֲѹսһЩĶħȻ嶼޷
ҶϺٽӡӡĴǰѾ޽һͷ벽ĺ췢ħնȥ
ն
Ҷｫޣһ˿һȫעھ޽֮ϡ
ͷ췢ħҹ꺮ո赲˽Ųŭ죬ոǵĹȻһ콣Ӱһ㣬ӭͷն䡣

ֲնѣ׵ĺ췢ħһĺС
Ǻ췢ħؿϳһ޴˿ڣɫѪҺӿ
ǵ˿ź췢ħĶͷֱС˿ڼͨ˿ڣħ䶯඼ɼ
ħĽ£һǧڳ˶ˡ
ѩ˲һ¿ˮĹֲ̫ˣ벽ħĶס
ԶսҶսʿҲҶߵĶˣҶȻһ벽ħش׷׷һ
ȱ˵ĻҶͷȴڵѪԨһֱڳ˯ָЩ齣ˡ
Ǹղһ£ʹ˸ն齣Żᵮ˿µ
໡ͷ췢ħȻһͷĺ췢һƬ죬˷һ㡣
Ҷʱһֲĸоҹ꺮˴һˣ
Ҷ붼룬׷ˣǸոߣͷ췢ħһļУͬħһ㣬Ҷ
ҶʱһͷƤ飬ħѾֲˣ˷Ķħ͸ӿֲˡ
Ҷһ۷壬еǹһƽɫĻߣݺݵͷ췢ħ
䣡
һο񱩵ײҶʱԼ·һиײϣһѪͬһԶ䡣
ҶغµĴҳһӣͬʱ֫ٺһۣȫͷһ㡣
Ҷ
Ҷ诵˷һҪ
Ҫ
Ҷһ췢ħԼٱæԱһ
ۣ
һ󼲷籩һȳìҶ䣬ҶܵĹ죬Ѿ̳ɸˡ
ҶһǸ췢ħؿڣ췢ħ˿Լȴ֮ƳԶ
Ҷ´󺧣ͷħȻ״̬֮ǰǿˡ
ĺ췢ħѾʧȥǣҶˣ˫ڴһ̤ͬһɫһ㣬Ҷ
ҶﲢмתӣǶħҶߣ˸˸аĳìźҶ׷ȥ
ȫȫ˺󣡡
Ҷһ߱Уһߴȣͬʱŷ˺췢ħŶħȺȥ
ԶȺħҶﱼ׷ӭҶﲢֵһӰ٣ԽǼ񱼡
Ҷߵĺ췢ħѾ˷裬жԼǰ˸ȷ裬ǰĶħ׷ױ⡣
ԶսҶսʿҶ󣬷׷ˣҶź췢ħսϺֱײʱҶ⡣
췢ħɱħԼҶսʿԼȥðգΪ˻ȡҶսʿ
һʱ䲻ҶսʿҶ׳ٸжӯܶ˶˳ǰǸ棬ǸʱҶԼš
ҲǱ֤ʲôֻܱ֤ΣյʱҶǵǰ棡
ǸͬսٵӰᶨʯ˵Ķٴ
ս΢ЩǱӰҶŴĶħǻŰ˸ȷ񹥻ĺ췢ħ
ЩͼĶħ֪ΣգҶﵽ׷׹Ǻö໹ûҶߣͱ췢ħϵ֮
Ȧ֪жٶħں췢ħ£벽Ķħʵֲ̫ˡ
Ҷսʿǣżʶ벽ؼħ׷߬ȭͷǺԼܣʲôҲﲻϡ
ǣҹ꺮ѩˣǽҪݣǵһʹԼܣֻĿҶȥս
֪Լ벽ħĲжԼȥ˷ǵﲻæҶﵣģֻҶĺȡ
Ҷ˫ֽӡȫֹռͨļȻսϵҲֻܿż޷Ԯ֡
Լһ뿪ôռյͻһ󵽿ħͨôӡ
Ҷź췢ħֶ˺üȦսϵĶħѾûʣ¶ˡ
ҶһȻͣס˽Ų˫ֳǹҽŵŵأΪģǹ߶һӳ
飡
Ǹ췢ħһֱҶһ˿ӦûУͱҶһǹɡ
췢ħŵ棬ɼʮӲĵ棬һĴ󹵡
Ҷոջӳһǹһ𣬷ɵ֮Уеǹڿ£һ³Ҷ
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ѩҶ˶һΪϳҶΪҲѧ
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ϷһͬʱǶ˲⣬Ȼǰնǵؽ׸߼սԸ벽Ķħճʲô˺
Ƕ֪ҶԸЩù飬ȻˣͱȻ뷨
Ҷ֣Ȼʼ޷Ŵֱȴﵽǧɵʱѩ˶˵
ΪǶѾǰնɾ磬ĳҲֻٶɶѣѾǼˡ
Ҷ󳤴ǧɵͷ𺧲ѣϻصԽԽҶˡ
һؽսΪܹӳǿֻܴ޾ʿš
߿ǿʼҶڵԪ޾ע룬߿ԽԽȻûɵĶħԨ硣
ԽԽǰǸᷢһ󲨶ǰĿռ俪ʼŤ·ܲסĴһ㣬ռ䶼ʼ
ǰն
ҶһȣһſռļХԶĺ췢ħնȥ
Ǻ췢ħһ̶ŭ𣬰˸Ⱦ£һſ񱩵Ĳӭ
飡
ħԨһعѣһ㣬Ȼһ󰲾ſֲͬŭһӿȥ
ӣ
ҶһȣպΪ̫ͱ˻У˲䱻ɡ
Ҷк˷׷ɱԶսġ
ܵٿ죬ɸ˵ٶȣ׷ױƷЩΪ͵ֱѪ磬ֲ⡣
ã֪벽ħĿֲҶȻǺ˵ʱ򣬾˰ȫ롣


268 
񱩵˹Ƿ֣ħԨĵòѾı䣬ԲǧһƬǽ塣
ǿ췢ħķʱ򣬲ɵ÷׷״󾪡ô
Ϊ̳ɢ֮һĴϣ췢ħͦ
ΪĵĵطѾֲĽһƬڵұڡ
ǴұСıݣֻҪˣôͻᴩһ硣
췢ħɱŰ˸ȵֵ̬Ӳûܵˡ
ԶҶմӵͿһĻͫһ
찡ҪҶ𣿡
ҶﳤĹɱ
Ϊʲôòİ
Ҷսʿǣ﷢ŭǽܲʵ
Ȼꡱһ죬ԭǺע⣬ѻȸսͬһ㡣
˵ĶʱĿ⿴췢ħΪǸǴﴫġ
ꡱһ죬˵Ŀⶼעź췢ħʱ˷֣Զħİ˸ȡ
۾ȽϼˣȻֺ췢ħͬһȣһЩѺۡ
꣡
꣡
ԽԽ࣬Ƿ֣ͷ췢ħϣĳѷ졣
ž
һȱѿһƬɢһأһ죬һȱѡ
žžžž
ı췢ħȷ׷ױ飬תۼ߸ȱ顣
һȻϱƣջǱûб顣
ҶսʿЩ֪Ŀţǲ֪ζʲô
Ҷ￴Զĺ췢ħһԺеľҸ㲻ˣɣ
ҶﲻЩ٣ʹˣκβǸ췢ħȻҶһشˡ
ҶԼҲľеԪĵһβʣ
ƽսάֲˣڵĺ췢ħһܽɱ
ѾķǳˣҿԽɱҪʹõĹһ˯ԺԼҪСˡ
ɣɱҪķȫҶһ벻ôء
ǵģͨʽɱΪǿĶħֻʹáǡԸȻеڴӵζҲû취ˣ
ҶԺеľ΢΢һҪҶֹˣҶȵȵȰ˼ġǡǿ
ȻǾһУȻֻСģɱһ벽Ǵ´ࡱЩȻ
ܲɱܣҶʵ
ֻҪûʥ϶û⡱ص
ҶһµôǿĹʵ̫˷ˣŰɣ
ţҲֵĻ˭Ҳ޷ֵħȻѾˣɲܹܵġ
˰벽ѾܹģٶҲûá
֪Ұɣʵڲɣ
ҶĽ깵ͨȻ˵˺ֻܶ࣬գ۵Ĺѡ
Ǹ췢ħֻһȣϢҲ½࣬ȴԵøӿˡ
췢ħһŭȫΨһһȣָҶ·׼һ㣬
ȫ˶һҶϢ˥ܣ˶ܿó
Ϻ췢ħɣʱҶսʿǴһҶﳤϣ
׷ͦűǰȻ֪Ǻ췢ħĶ֣Ҳηǰ塣
ȫսʿǰ
Ҷһȹ󣬼꺮ѩ壬Զ̹Ϊȡʱ䣡
Զ񱼵ҶսʿǣҶ׷ͣ½Ųҹ꺮ˣ׷׶Ժ췢ħԶ̹
ȻǵĹǵӰǽܸ췢ħճЧ˺ǻܹ赲һº췢ħǰٶȡ
֮ǰҶﲢսʱĥĬʱõ֡
ҹ꺮նı˪ú췢ħнٶȵõһĳٻãҶȡ˲ʱ䡣
Ҷҹ꺮Ͼʱ̫Σգɵ÷
һҶﻺ۾ͬʱ˫ɫڻγɡ
γɣħȵĿг˱ŰϢ·һӿеķӣʼԾ
ռ춯˵ע⣬ԸоˣħԨڱ仯
Ҷﳤʲô
ϵĹʲôôϱߺ׵Ųƣ
ϣϣҲȫ׵ˣ
Ҷ֮תҶߣϸС׵ΧƣһЩϸСߡ
ԶֹռͨҶǣȻһɵþѵ롭
ҹ꺮Ȼ֪ҶҪʲôǿҲ֪УʱݶԲܴϡ
˸ȫ췢ħһȥ˺췢ħֻΪ赲ĽŲ
Ҷ诳裬һˮź췢ħȥҹ꺮ûˮĺ췢ħס
Ȼȫס췢ħҲʹ಻ͬʱܿɽͣĸϰһʱ˵Ŭɹصֵס˺췢ħ
ʱҶΪȫת֮ռе֮ͨ
Ҷ֮תҶ𽥸Ӧ˶ħԨе֮
ȻħԨе֮Ƚϡ٣ҲѾҶȥˡ
ʩչսƷ籩ǸڵܹƿصģŪϵģͣ»ɡҶ뷨
ҪҶûת֮
ҶӴ֮תҶγһʮɷԲ壬ҶС
ͬʱħԨϷϣȻʼƶ䣬Щƶĳ֣ħԨʼ
¡
Ȼһ죬ϱߵƶͷһǿɲһ׵磬˻
ǸҶٻģҶҶսʿЩֵĿϵƶ䡣
ʱѾĵһƬˣȴƶ仹ڳӣԽԽ
ҶǰѾʼ飬濴ҶѾˣΧ
ҶһĿΧҶߵ磬૵ȻʹáƷ籩̫Σˣ
Ҫ֪սܣƿصģǰ벽С
ΪսؼȻ֮ܵɣ֡
ҶѾͷҶﲻòʹáƷ籩ҶһΡ
ӦҶƶɵģصĵӣȴѹҶļϡ
ҶСؿ֮һ߸е׵繵ͨ
սҶʩչ߾һӣȥؼ
ҶԼڵ֮ȥе֮ԼĹȥתԼȥǸҩͰһ֮
ʵ̫Σգ֮ûģȫʩߵƿء


269 ɱ벽ħ
е֮Ѿ㹻ˣҶͬʱҹ꺮˴ˣ
ҶĴҹ꺮˷׷׺ˣҶ˫ȭĴָʳָֿʳָ죬ʳָأ˫ֻ£ĴָγһС顣
ŹֵӡγɣҶߵ֮˲Ҷ˫֮䣬Ҷеķ϶һߣϵƶȥ
׵ɵĹߣϵƶʱһֲѹɢ˾ķ֣Լܶˡ
ƶǵ׵ע룬ʼתγһС
ۣ
ʱҶһѪ˹ѣѪ˿̼ͬѪһ㡣
ڳ˶óҶһɼΪֲѹѹ㽫Ҷѹ顣
˲½ţκûзΪǶ֪Լﲻκæ
ΨһľǾĿţһ˿ҶܵӰ졣
Ҷǿƶѹв󺧣⵽ʲôƾѹͲԼŪ
ҶɼţͬʱһƬڤĻ꣬ϵ˲ָ
Ҷ֮Ĳע룬ϵķԲڵƶ䣬γɵһ޴С
еģֲ׵ڲͣؽ֯޾仨γһ۾
Ǹ۾ģ±ߵĺ췢ħ
췢ħʱԿֲķ籩ţȻӿ״̬˹ûһ˿ϣȻһֳ˿־塣
סơ硪
ҶһЯ޾ϵĵͺȣ˫ֵӡһ䣬еķԲıһӷ
еģõ׵磬ڴŻصһԲ磬ź췢ħ䡣
ֻһ£ط·ʧȥؼǵ¡
ʱĺ췢ħһ˻𣬻ͻȻһԲһƬƬ壬ԶԶȥһɽס
䣡
£ݺݵػǺ췢ħϣֲ˶۾
ʧ󣬷ɳʯʼŰҶսʿ׷Ǳֵ
ҶڵĴϢţʱѾƣѾûκˡ
ҪХľ紵ɵʱǰĴغȻһʮɺǽڣҶﵲס
Ҷ΢΢ܿɽĴ֮ȻŶӵĸоǺá
񱩵ľŰܿɽǽҶ￴Զ췢ħķ򣬲ͫһ
ǸͬɽһĶħڣͣð̣Ҷﾪķ֣ȻûУһ˿Ϣ

ҶһϺȣҶ￴Լһ˲Ҷ˼ɵҶߣһ˫˪ѩְҶʵıϡ
Ҷı󣬷ڵԪȫתҶ롣
˲ҶʱԶĺ췢ħˡ
ǣ
췢ħϵƬ䣬ϱ߻մȾŴƬѪ⣬Ѿˡ
ź췢ħվϵƬ룬ѪһƬıһƤ
һǷǳһƤ඼¶棬жĿ䶯
찡˻
ҪҶ𣿡
Ȼܵ˺췢ħѾıԵǰ벽ĶħɲܹԸġ
ʹʱȥȻԻɱ벽ħҶսʿȻء
ʱҶѪ֣Ѿ£Զĺ췢ħ
ŬҶԪҶʱ򣬺ȻԪһ˲䱻Ҷ⡣
Ƽ
Ҷһȣһֱʮɳļʸ֮ìֱӵ˺췢Ķħǰ
ں췢ħûӦʱ򣬼ʸݺݵײں췢ħϡ
ۣ
Ѫ죬ǿޱȵĺ췢ħж󣬱Ҷͷһۡ
һĻ˶ˣ˼ʱ䣬Ҷսʿǲŷ컶ܶѾʼڵϷޡ
ʤˣʤˣ񵱳ҶٶֻʣһʮǱκ˶֪ⳡʤô֮ס
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ۣ
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ǶĶħǾԲֵģʮ궼ˣǾԲͨرյģ
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ҶǴһа취ܹĻֻҪʱͿԣ


270 ֶ
ãǾһԡ˵껰Ҷǰֳһֱ߶ԲԲһ֣ڳ˶һͷƤ顣
ȻҶ֪ǸԲʲôڳĶߣΣյĸ֪ǳ
Բһ֣ǹɻصѹ·𿴼Ӱһ㡣
ҶҲǴѾһԲ򣬾оһ﷢
ٺ٣Сʥأϴġ쵯ҶЦ
ҶĻ󣬶ʱ˴ͣȻϴģѹ˿ֲ
СôĶΪʲô췢ħءҶŭЩʵ
ʱըԻը췢ħҲôƴˣҶŭĻ˵ʡ
ҶЩεЦǸ췢ħ϶ᱻըڳˣ˹⣬ȫøᣬֵ𣿡
ҶŭһȻû뵽ըô͡
Ҷǵͷ쵯ϣҸܵΣȷʵǳǿ󣡡
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ܣһ۾ͿЩϷģǿľ
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Ҷһȣ쵯ڵ˲ʧ⣬ҽһ緢
ĳ֣ΧĽʱƥĽ
ķΧ˷ԲϰݺᣬĶħնɱɷɻҡ
ͷħһ׷׵ֲֵĽǵǿҲն˿ڣڵѪһء
ոչٸεƬźХľ磬תţԶȥ
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εһݣûбˣҶ˿֮С
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ڴҶæ֮ʱҶﻺ˹


271 
Ҷﻺ۾Ϳ߻µһ㲵ĿԼ
Ҷ
Ҷ诺һҶ֣ʵ˵ֱſҶĻзޡ
ҶǳͷҶһֻ֣˫΢ЩףȻͿ
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ҶǳҲͷĿһ˿ˣȻͬҶ诵˵
ҶﲻɵЩЦԷǵصǿǰ벽ĶħǴ򲻹ҲǲҪˣһжģ
˵һŮظĻãʼҶ˵Ц
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һ壬Ѿǻ۷ˣڵС磬һЩһЩСֲѾ˵棬С
ϲ㣬СͲһͿԳɾͳˡҶԺ
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֪Ժʲô㣿ҶʵϾħԨѾ׽ˣȫҪˡ
ǻһĶħռ䡱Ҷǵ
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Ҷǵͷ֪شٹռ䣬Ϳʼòôȶռѷ忪ʼ֡
Ǹʱʼǿǣ׷׽ЩռͨӡһС磬ˣЩط
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ҶĬһʵķӡȫǻȥ
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272 Թ
ʲôҶȻվ
ǺȥĵطҶﲻһͬʱԺиֳ崿ΨЦһʱǧ˼ͷ
ҶʧɫҶǲɵһ㶣ʵ֪Ǻ
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ʥ֮أѵмʥ֮һ˵ҶﲻЩɻ
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ҶﲻһʵѵǺлŵʥܣ
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磿ѵҲΪս𣿡ҶﲻЩͿˣĸУܿɽС¶ޣоǷǳĺദ
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ҶȻսʿ˺ܹܶ࣬սϻģԶǾӢеľӢ
ôʿҺһռͨûκ⣬ħԨ⡣
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ҶǧѩԸںܿ࣬ҲҶͤͷҶͤҲǼΪִһˣ˾ôôꡣ
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˵ʱʱо¶ֻ޷κȥ߿࣬ⶼԼһɵĿ
θһսħԨսʿԼǰлͬˣԶ˶ħԨ
ȻʲôȨʲôƶǸƣһʲôûˣֻܹй顣
ҶͤûڲѣȻҶԼǰһʱҶֱͤͬһ㡣
Щ߶µʵ㡭ҡʲô
⹫ҶЦ
úӣҵҶͤ˫һ죬Щĵ
ûʲôģû𣿾޷ʲôǾǹ顣ûʲôޣܹڸǵǷԴѪĺ
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һҶͤӻںʵֻҶǧѩĿ
ǧѩҶͤЩѵؽгǸޱϤ֣ǸлϥµǸСѾͷ
Ҷǧѩ̲סҶͤʧʹޣ·޾ίҵйڡ
úӣǵãǵǧѩܿˡҶͤҶǧѩ·صҶǧѩСʱһݺᡣ
ǺТôǿҶǧѩ޵
ԲҲãҲýˡҶʱҲŵĵǸ
ҶﲻһƲ죬ϵڲţҲܰƭ֣漣ǸҲܵ
ҶͤһŭҪǲǧѩܣôõ
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ҶǧѩΪЦһžۣúúףһ£
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Ҷ￴ĸϵЦݣ¸̾ԼǶԵģԽ˾Խֲ
޾һľţñ˹ȥôԼҲԶȥֻзˣŻڡ


273 ǵĻ
ҶףҹףӽβʱҶҹ꺮ѩ塢Ϸɡܿɽͷ뿪Ҷ塣
ε뿪ҶЩأΪ뿪Ǻܳһʱ䣬ΪԶսһҪһŻִҲ˵ҶҪԶվڴһʱ䡣
һʱҶ诺ҶǳҪĸףΪԶսʵ̫Σˣðա
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Ҷڤʱ򣬶ʱ˾ڤԺĺ䶯һԺӶըˡ
찡Ҷˣǿ쿴
ǿһĴڰݳսڴܣնɱİپӢӣ
˵ȥμԶս϶ǾڤԺԶսϴʵģ
ҶǰߣԺӷ׷Ҷкг˾η
һЩòŮӣ׷ҶĿ鰵ﲨʱһסҶĸ첲ķʽȨ
Ϸ޵ٺ٣ϴϴ۵ﶼΪ㣬ǶմϴĹˣ
߼ǰȻȺһɧŮȺ
ŷǺνãŷǼҶﲻĿһЦ绨ϲصҶ
ŷŮþòòˣͦͦҶﲻһŷǵİˣǰͦˣɵ̾
ߣҪңϡŷȻûҶ˼ȻҶߵķƯ
Ȼ̫ϰ߸İ˴кɵЩɬص㣬Ưˣ
ͷôɫİúÿӡ˵껰Ҫȥһѡ
ȴûҶһסˣЩصҵŮˣô
ҶĻʱڵһºˣȴϲ̵ġ
ŷǵĳ֣ʹɸоѹܴòǼ
ŷǼҶһ̣ƾŮ˵У֪ŮˣԸҶһĹϵ
Ȼûһ˰ռҶϣԼҶУһԼλá
Ҷﵱŷǵ棬ԼŮˣһֳŵһϿɣ÷ĸжĪ
ߣСŮôҽƫҪҺΣŷǶʱüƢʱˡ
ԷŭŷҶЦصҪҪ
ʲôġŷǺһ
ҶһǷıǶˣ˭Ҳ˭ԿǣҵԸ
˵Ҷͣһ£ŷǶʱæʵʲô
ҶɫһصŹƽҵǾҪ͹ƽˣ
Ҷһ仰˵ԶһЩڤԺĵӣ׷׵һŮĶҳԣֻҶˡ
ȻҶﻰ䣬ŷǶʱŭҶ쵰ᣡ
ҶһܹŷǵһЦôôûƷֻ۱ˣŮˣ㣬쾭
쾭ͷŷһҧֱϷˣ˵ʲôҲҪץס
ŷչΣԼ׷ҶչרȺдЦصŮӦѧ£ôȥɲǺ£
ŷǼҶֱȺ㣬Լ޷չһڵΪȴ޷ӡ
ŷǺȻһЦҶǻߣ¶һ㵹ЦݵãͷƯһ𣿡
֪ŷҶѣҹƻǹϵȽѣʱЩߵĵ˵ͷ
ŷǶʱһϲĸŷ˳ɫͬʱЩĶŶԶҶŮˣеӾҰ
Ҷʱɫһ㶣ŷ̫ƻˣҪͰҶڳһܴ󷽵ӵɣ͵ǷţԺһһģ
ŷǶʱһûӵˣ
ȿȿȣ˵ǲҪӺλƯĽ㡱Ϸɸɿ˼Խڶ
ŷǿϷһ۵Ҷģ
ϷŮˣͷͦصصǣҶҵϴ󣡡
ŷһ˿мصϴûѧᣬǰȫѧȥˣȫ±˲֪һ
Ҷŭô˵˵ʲôϵ
ŶǸѧģ˼ඡŷһɰʵ׵ļơ
Ҷʱƿԣȥ̫ˣôش𶼵ˡ
ҶεıʱһЦҶεҡҡͷ˫ֵðɣŷŮͶˣֵܰɣ
ϷɶʱҸطȥʵÿһֿͣǳӢǴһ飬ȷʵ˸о
ʱϷޱȵĿգǾͲֿ
ŷǵʵ̫Ϭˣñ˱ҲǣҲǣϷףŮڨҪ۵ġ
ˣɩӣСܰɡϷɿһЩίĵ
ʲôŷǶʱ۷ųͬҪɱ˵ĿϷɡ
ϴߵŮ綼ΪɩӵİһϷһ޹ĵ
Сӣѵ㣬˵ŷϲҶﲻ٣ԼİҶû֮ǰǲϵġ
СӾȻ˵棬ϵˣʱŭҪֽѵϷɡ
ȻһӰסȥ·ҶץֱŭȵܼǣܲǲŲŻؼһ٣첻Ϸߣأҵ˭˵㣿
ҶһҺŷǶʱһ㶣ղŭҲʧˣ㶵ĿҶһʱ䲻֪ôˡ
ԶĿֵĵǣŷǱסˣѵǴ˵еİ
һĺڣ𶯣˳Ůģ
ŷʱԭŭݵҶͬһ㣬ŭ˲ʧһĵı㿴СǸʰݣɣ
͡ζʱӦҶˣɵЦ˳
ŷǲŷӦղ汻ҶĸסˣһĵҶɵһղź簡
ϴŮ֮һϵƣǿеķ磬һָ·ơҶһֺõЦ
͡ŷҲҶﶷˣȻ֪Цǻûס
ŷǵЦݳ֣нŵնʱʧӰա
ϷɼæͳһСӣϱ߷飬ﻹ߶ϴ椾ҪʮߣᲢãӲʩܹݣǧ
Ҷ޲ȥСӣѾдд£߶ë߶߶£Ϊë
ȻһЦݵŷǶʱɫһ壬ĿҶҶʱһͷƤ顣


274 NɪϷ
Ҷﲻ֪ν͵ʱһϵǲҪ֣˽
ǸҶظˣǾڤԺԺ˵
ŷȻЩ⣬ǲòΪҶȥԺ
ҶԺ˵סһԺˣһۣɵЦǾڤԺһ޴ϴʣ
ȻԺ˵Ŀ⣬ǳͣûκηâĿ⣬ҹ꺮˶ʱãʲôܶһۿһ㡣
ߣʲô˲ģһһȺС𣿡ŷСһ٣ЩΪȻĵ
ҶＸ˶ʱһΣŷŷֵãҿû˵㰡
ҶһҡͷȻ˭ҲҪŮˣӱʮ겻С˱Ƕʮ겻ϣŮ˱Ǵ絽
Ժ˿ˣһĳߣһȺһ㣬ЦǺǵĿǡ
ˣǣȥ±ߵĵȥɣҸҶЩҪ˵Ժ˶ŷǵ
ŷǵ뿪Ժ˿ҶζصϷ㶥ڤԺһ˽ģϣ㲻Ҫ֣
ҶЦ޷ܸоСӵ⣬ʲôֻܷԸɣ
ǺǣԽô˵ϷԽӵĲԺ˳˼һ¼
֪ѧԺΪֻиԺûԺ
Ҷҡͷ治ֻ֪˵Ժһֱ⣬һֱδ飡
Ժ˰üһ£̾˿ΣһԶսˣ
ҶӻֵҲԹУڳʥصӵУ
Ҷͷһûв죬Ȼ»ˡҲǺѧԺԺҵһӣޣʮ꣬ѾڵΪ
ԭǰԺ˵ĵӣ츳ǳĸߣѧԺһʱԺԶսʱ򣬽лء
Եǳ񣬽սвþͷһǸõУͱʥصĵӷ֣佻
Ȼ׽˫չ˴սóʥصû뵽ǣΪΪǿʮ˵İΧ£նɱˣӳ˰Χ
ŭ˳ʥأԽԽʥصԶսϣΧκβֱɱ˼ʮӢӡ
ʱʥʥӼΪŭԳֽɱⲢƽϢŭպԶսϣֻҪڤԺĵӣȻϾɱ
ʱҲȷʵôģһԶսرյʱ򣬾ڤԺʮ˽룬ֻĸ˻ųд󲿷ֶڳʥصϡ
ҶЦһʥغôĿɱ˶ᱦδ죬Ǩŭˣɱ˻㣬ҪϾɱ
ǰʥ֮⣬ʥأ϶Ű裬һ˳̬ȡ˵һݴԺˣҲŭ档
û˹ܹ𣿡ҶʵҲ̫˰ɣֲǵģƾʲôɱᡣ
Ժҡҡͷʥصĵ̣ܹģʥ֮ǲܿսģǾô޼ɵǡ
ʲôԺЩԥҶ̲סʵ
ʥ֮ز֣ʥ֮أϴ֮¡Ժ̾˿Ȼĸʲ
Ҷȴ֪ʥ֮ҲֹۣйЩ£ѹЩαʥ֮ôš
ȻΪߣһֱΪһеǿߡԺ˿Ҷ
ٺ٣Ժô佱ңʲôͼɡҶЦһñ½Ҫһˡ
¶ˣϣܹܼ£һ¾ڤӡԺ˵һ֣صĵ
ҶİɣҶԸҲ֪ҼȻڤԺսͲĿԺӱ۸ģ
ǺǺǣã仰ҾͷˣҴڤԺĺǸл㡱˵Ժ˾ȻҶһҾ
ҶæԺˣɷСˣҿɳܲһһ񰡣
ǺǣϷֻǳճѣͷһûʲô˲ġԺЦ
ҶֱĴָ޵ƾؽȣͿ۸ڶǿǺˣĸˣ
Ժûаӵ̬ȣʵ۷黳ȡ
ΪˣǧҪѧң˾͸óһĺͷһɾȤˡԺЦ
ˣҪһͷ˷ʱˣֵ̨ĺܣȥɡԺ˵Ŀͬһ㣬
ҶԺǳ󣬷ԭֵԺڣȻüΪž
Ҷﲻɵ뵽Ժ˵ֱ̨ӱڤԺ̨ڡ
ҶﻹǱȽϤģŷǰ̨սǸʱҶֻ۷ѡ
Ҷһ·ۣƬ̺ͽӽֻ̨ǻų̂ͼǰһƬ˺̨û
ڤԺʮӣˣ׷׶̨Ǻ̫ˣǺЩʲô
Ҷһ۵λӼȺ̨ģһ˽̤ɽ˫ֽӡϰٰ齣裬Ķִûл֮
һǸɧƣҶ֪ϷûܣΪֻսʱߵ
Чǣз绹û磬һ½ƮƮӡ
ԭɷǵļƣһżףĳ嶯
ҶߵһӣɵһաôļһѾӮˣ
Ҷӿڵʲô񹲷ߵļһȻҲӮ
ǸӼ˽ӻҶԼ£ΪҲǽɵõɲڵѧڵѧҲŲ˶ˣ
ҶɨһǸϷɶսĵӣֻǸڣʵһ㡣
ϷѾڣΪФ䣬ΪΪʵһλޣһڣûʲôֵġ
ֻɧļһԺܿܶԷȴڲͣҫԼвö֧ôá
ҶǸӵļͬصֵܽڰɣ־磬Ѿһ޵еĴڣǱȲ
Ǹӵͷ̨ĻѾһּ£Ѿڵˣ
ҶǸǸӺ߰˳ʱ̨ϵǸӣڳܲס콣ӰĹ
̾ϢΪǸϧͬʱҲΪǸСӣӮһеޡ
Ҷ˵ˣͬ޵УƫƫţڿɷˣϷɵĴЦ
ڹϯϵҹ꺮ޱıĿѩܿɽ˫һҸ̨˲ʶļơ


275 Ĵ
Ȼ̨߳ͬʱ𣬾һߣһĸУ
£һԳһģһĽą֮̃ϡ
ۣƯĽûϷɶʱ۷Ź⣬ôƯ˫̥ǵһμ
ѩܿɽе굽ӵȥĳ嶯Ϸɽʵ̫ˡ
ҶﲻҡҡͷϷܲܲЦһЦﵽǰľ磬ѵԼ֪
̨ĶࡢãҲڣҿϢʵȻѾһʱˡ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣǴξݳǴս֮ȻûֱӲ룬ǰԼ֤Ҷսȥ򣬲þͷ׷ͻˡ
ϷЩصλ㶼ǾˣСôأ
ߣ컬࣬Ҷ翶ĬȤȻôļһ¡Ϸһۣ˿ӡ
ĻʱԶսŷǺͷһЦһ㣬һ˵Ц
Ϸһǵʶҵϴ󣿡
ֹʶǻһԹݳӭսء
˵꣬β΢΢һ죬һԷûòҶӭսڵ飬Ǻûʲôæɡ
Ϸɶʱһûڣ̾ˣˣֻҪǸϴʶŮýɩӣðײ˶ϴˣ
ûηһŭϷұĳ죡
ȻҶһŭس̨ϣֻǿֶѣôҲǹԼٲ֣ϷСûаŵģ֪ʲô
Ҷ硱ãϲؽе
ҶŶλЦŵͷϲλףûʲô͵ģССﲻɾ⣡
˵Ҷиƿƿһ֣ŨɢԶԺӶŵ
ζ˽ӹƿӣƿһÿƿ涼һξӨ͸ҩҺҩġ
ҶǡȻ֪ҩҺʲôǱϾǿߣ쳣
ɫѣ͸ǵġҶЦ
Ҷ仰ˣһɫѵĴ˲֪ǰͻƿĺñ
Ȼֻµļ𣬵ϵʹãɻԼΪӼ̣˵ǼΪı
ζŮʱһЩصҶ磬̫ˣǲҪ
ҶͳȥĶջȥ˵ֲǰ͸ǵģҪǰһ¡ҶЦ
֪ΪʲôҶЦݣϷһ£һֲõԤ
Ҷһɻνã̾Ϣֵأƽʱڹ̣ܽԸԴԸϣλܹҽ
ҶŶŮգգ۾ѡ仰صͻļΪԡ
ãȻҶ罻ģǽһᾡľ˲룬ֻ;ġʱҶ˼ͷ
Ȼ˫̥ãԸżĲ죬龫֣ȴϳɳء
ҶͷתͷŶϷɵսֻʤܣأ
ϴ󡭡ϷɸҪͣҶûֱӷɵ˹սϯϡ
ѩҶﵽϽóһλǸ꣬ͼŷŷˡ
ãðɣѩܿɽɴ໻һط
ŷǺͷֱҶ࣬ŷǵҶ˵˭Ӯ
Ҷ￴һνöˣһµսĻϷɻӮ̨սĻӦνðɣ
ŷǲЩصϷôģҪ֪ζˣѧĴ󷨣֮ң׻ǣ
ҶЦͿ˶ŮĲϷѧԼġնȻ˵ˡ
ϷһֱûоʲôսôʱԼ齣Ӵ󣬾ԲǸղſƵһٶѶѡ
ȻϷһЩɧһЩǸսǿġ
Ҷô˵ҲҪæУгһָǸСӣ׼ǿҪѵŶ
ϷɿλɩӣҪ鰡
ζʱͨ죬ȻҶҪмˣСӽƻأ
εҶѣݺݵصϷһۣͬʱ۾ϣٴʱ򣬶ŮͫоȻһ״Ļꡣ
쵰Сӣͬʱ߳ͬһ˵һ㣬˿
˵껰磬տǶгһһ£ΪĽǶȴϷɡ
ϷɷӦʱ򣬳ѾƤϷɶʱд󺧣μˡ
Ϸ벻ǣͬƹ֮һ㣬˵ﳤ͸
ϷɼټΣûаѳ֣һΪһ
͡죬Ҷֱϵ·ӣزڶҲᡰ½ƮƮˡ
ڳ˶һ󻶺׷ΪŮһʱȫˡ
ҶŮֹк·裬ÿγϵĶۣϾ޹
ͷҶﻹǵһμôĽһĶãȻ
Ƕһãȴѧĳ棬ѹŷǶôš
Ҷ￴εӰ˳˼УŮӰ𽥱ġ
Ĳͣϣͣر仯ӳָܣһʱҶԷĵ˽һ㡣
һµ˼·ԭͬķģͬϷʽͿԱ任Ч
ô˵ԼֻҪһЩķģͿԳԳһ󷨡
εĴ󷨣ҶǳĴһƬأǰһЩĵطȻ
󷨿һɽˮôԼǸͼֻǻеһСɽ
ʵԼȫûҪȥĹ죬ֻҪʯĻȥһЩԼҪͼ͹ˡ
һԼĿԻһĻʱôǷǿҲһˡ
ֻеԼһƷ󣬲ܹݳƷľ飬ȥĽôԼǰٶȾͻӿˡ
뵽ҶﲻЦˣջʵ̫ˡ
ʱ̨µϷ˿սʱģɩӶѾ顣
ǴʱδһּΪ״̬˿ΪϷɵеĳѸˡ
Ϸɿ֧̿ţʱϣѾӣȻЩǱǲûˡ
Ȼζ飬ûдһ㲻ջһֻ·
ڵϷɵĶǳƮݣ벻ƮݶУΪ·ӭչˡ
ˣĸǣͰ
ǰѾʮˣǶأǿֶܼáԶһȺǣϷǱ׷׿ʼ˵
ȻλɩӲϰ֣СֻóˡϷһͺȣȻ䣬ĽΧ̨


276 д
ϷɵһͺȣĽ˲Χ̨ʱЩϷɵĵŴ͡
Ҷ￴̨ϲǧѷɽǸһĨ΢ЦСôʱ˲ټҵ
ŷǽϷɾȻһٻô齣Ҳһ齣ȻҶĻ࣬ҶݳսʱҲֻǧѶѡ
Ϸɵ齣ҶصҲҶϲ٣ɵ÷
Ҫ֪Ҷǿǧ齣İٶྫӢӣȫնɱһգݡ
Ȼͬ޵֮ƺǾûҶô̬ԴԺҶɾ˫޵Ĵ档
ǧ齣һӽΰΧαͻıҲһ
Ϸһָ齣һап࣬Ȼô齣Ŀǰ֮ԦˣһٻôֻΪŻ˵ġ
λǲƽΡϷҲҳƺǡɩӡˣͿĵ
һô齣һʱѹ޴󣬲ɵЩæңϷɴƽճҪӦ
ȻԺдҶҪСƭˣЩ齣ֽϻټӰѾͿ԰ˣ
ҶĴζʱһɣͬʱһཻ˼תһƬ
ĺ÷
һȣеĳγһ÷״Ϸײȥ
Ƕ÷ΪֲϷɵ齣һϱߣ̱ײɡ
ϷɼǶ÷Ʋɵæһ齣һ齣󣬵Լǰһ½ǽ
䣡
Ƕ÷ײϷɵĽǽϣʱ죬ϷǰĽ󣬶ʱ
Ϸɶپһɴӿ󵹷ɳȥϷɶʱһҪֹסΣǻһ̨¡
ˡϷЩεؽеʱѾ˵İεĺϻ֮Ͷء
ýϷɻ̨Щ˼ϾǶʩΪЩʤ֮䡣
ҶϷʼûʩչԼľУ°οȻСЩҫϾǲʶˡ
ˣСӻ㲻ı֣ǸүǡҶһƵϷЦ֪ϷƵʲô
ϾĵжԣϷкܶɱУʩչܵȷʵЩԩΪܹãܱҶΪүǡ
ϷΪӮⳡԣɱƵĻҶ˶Ʋ
Ҷ佱ϷɶʱЦ˸ղŵƣЦϴĿ佱Сܶʱԡ֮Уоҵ˲һֻ;ĸ򣡡
ҶСӵǸͲã͸ݵͻµɴͣСӾԻûûˡ
˼ϷȻܣҲֻһ֮ʧھڤԺ֮Уŷ⣬ûм˸˵ܹӮεĴ󷨡
Ϸһϧ֮ûκεıԹܹЦ̸ЦݷȣϷɸѧԺѧԺһ̵ӡ󣬲Ϊˡ
ΣҲҶǰҶлͬʱ˶ϷɵĲЦϷɴкϷɶʱͬƮƮ
˵Ҷһˣ棬һӾһǿ߳е˰ŷЩĵ
ҶﲻɵȻؽûܹȣ۹⣬˵ˣ»㣡
ţʲô˼ѵϷɲǳ֮ǿ𣿡ŷһʵ
ٺ٣ɩȿȡŮСĪңСܿǶ˰Ϸɲְɩӽ˳ŷɱ˵ĿУ˻ȥ
ŷǶʱһȻЩϷɵòϷɵǿ
Ҷ˵ûʹȫĻôԺ֮Уûʤˡ
Ҫ֪Ϸɲڣͬ޵еķҲڷΧڶѡ
γ֮ǰϷɿɵػǸڵԺӡ
ҲţȻô̬ŷһĻɣȻϷɵĻΪˣŶȾͲߡ
̬Сܿɲҵ˵ı̬ǱءϷ˵꣬ĵҶķһָ
ϷɣСǲƤˡҶߵȻϷɶʶǡһ
Ϸɶʱ˫һ죬ڳһεı飬˼ǣ㿴̬İɣʲô¶ס
˵ҶǼǿģŷǾţۼ֤ҶĿֲ
ˣսϷǿŷҲš
ô˵ڤԺݵһ֮һȻôȥˣŷЩܲˡ
תͷҶҶǶˣѸԺдһ°ɣͬˣ
Ҷﻹ֪ŷǵ뷨ɵЦνϷ⣬ﶼǹĺúս
ϷԭɷһߣҶĻ󣬶ʱͬ˪һ㣬ڵһСʯӻȦȦȥˡ
ǲҶǾ˵֪ˣƾǣҲǴ˵ġ
ϷƵı飬ʱǵһЦͬʱҲܸܵҶ޼Ĺϵ޾ڡ
ãˬŷһЦתͷȫԺӵ⼸λԺĺѣ˭дģһѵõĻŶ
ŷǵĻʱȫһƬңҪ֪ϷѾѹȫˣȻԳսģ˶׷׺
ѧҪǶǼʶһ°
ǰǼʶһʲô۷սԺţҲʱ
Ȼһʮͷһλӷ̨Ȳųϵܿɽλ̨ɷԸ棡
һܿɽЩ֮ĿҶҶЦ֮໥д裬ȥɣҪŪУ
ܿɽͷվΣֱ̨ϣܿɽ̨һʯ̨һ㡣
̨һζΪܿɽ⣬ԣƿصǴܷ֮Уֻȥ
ĳʽһǸҲһ
ΪλϵܿɽһĴкһϳûɢƣѾͷ
ȻҲڵΪܿɽʱоͬһɽһ㣬һ޷еĸо
ϴ˵ˣֻ棬㹥ɣҲġܿɽĵ
Ǹȴɫһ䣬Ϊܿɽǹɵ°ŭһҪСˣһ˵㣬ɱң
ܿɽظİɣ˲ҵģ
ǸӶʱĿһ䣬Ʊȭһıȭ֮Уֲѹɢ
ǸӣǾڤԺľڤʮߵǿߣսǿȫʱƱɫ
çȭ
ȭͷһߣݺݵûаܿɽ


277 ؽ
çȭ
Ǹһȣȭͷһߣݺݵûаܿɽ
찡һ־Ǿа
çȭǵؽ׸߼սҲĳ
ѽǸСӺһûаᱻһ´˰ɣ
ܿɽǸӵһȭϮûκεķǿֲһȭؿϡ
Ůӣ׷׻ݱɫһ󾪺ΪǿڵȫһеĻԻġ
飡
ûаĳɣǸȭͷſɽݺݵܿɽؿڡ
ܿɽѪɵĳûг֣Ǹӣƺһ󵹷ɡ
ǸӾ͸оԼһȭڵĴ֮һ㣬һǿķ֮ɡ
Ѿڵ˲ˣ˼ǹԼһȭڸղŵķ֮УԸӦһַ֮жȥȻܿɽΪ
Ҫ֪ղܿɽһַ֮жȥҪԼȫһˣĲ˵ֱ۱Ȼᱻϡ
ĻͲ˵ˣоڤԺǰԶˡ
ʱ֮ǰĿܿɽǰһҾмصл飬¸м
ܿɽһʱЩ޴룬ͷٺٵĺЦš
Ȼ̨µ˲֮ǰ׷ʲôȴܿǸӣȫһܿɽϣȻһ¶ûС
ǿȻӲȫһ
ûô򵥣ղǸ󺺣һУûˡ۾ܶ˹ؼڡ
ŷǼܿɽͷԵػصλɵһ𾪣κŵ֮
ٺ٣ɩӵĻԶʥһ塱ܿɽŷʻæĻش
ŷȻԶʥһסˣǿԶźպĴڣƬ̺ɫһ죬ĳƺŭн㣬ԺǸϷɵļһԶ㣬ѧʲôö
ϷɸոմҶĴлظȻŷǵ仰ʱᣬⶼΪʲô
Ǵ˵еҲǹΪʲôɩӣֻǺǳһ¶ѣһҪϰ
ܿɽصͷ˵ĸϴ˵һϷɶʱһֽ˺ѣԼ˵ĳ嶯
ȻȺгһȥʮ߰꣬һĨ̸׵ˣѩҲõģдһ
ǸԵ𣿡
Ե鶼ˣڿԼʶһˣ
ԵѾڣʵǿ֮ͬУ֣
ѩͷֱӷɵ̨֮ϣ̨̤һ̣˾ͬһѳʵı
һĵ⴫ȫԺӶɫһ䣬ˮŶͷ䡣
Ƕһָоһѷƥĵ棬ԼĲϣʱᱻһնɱ
ԵѩͷųԼĵ⣬ɵôһǺһʣһƥųסѩĵ⡣
ѩʱ۾һôʱѩ廹ǵһͬˡ
ֻѩһۿյĵֻСɣȫеı
ʱѩ徭Ҷĵ㲦Ѿ˹ˣѾ˵ˣ˼Ĵɾ硣
ѩ忴ǰͣɵԼһҶھڤϵԮ֣Ѿ̭ˣֻµµΪĹһ
ôʱҶĲ㣬ѩΪһǧ֮ͬУܹʸεˡ
Ҷˣ뵽ѩ建ĳѩ峤֮
һ䣬һɳĵ·Ҫпһ㣬һȻ־
ʱȻĵ⣬ȫ˶ܵǹնƲ
һʱ˶һЩΪصĵǣ֧ţ·ԼһҶŭеıۣʱ㸲һ㡣
ҶοĿѩ壬СţѾȷ˵Уŵ۷ʵǡ
ʱŷǵҲд𾪣ܹܵѩĿֲʱ֪ԼԩϷɣԭˣʱҲǻ˵ʵġ
ˡѩһͺȹгǰն䣬ٶȴ
ǶԽȴԽһ޷ܵĸоԵ飬оأһˣ޴ɱܡ
ѩһûȫն£ͣڰգڵƽУǼʵ̨ϣѾѵĺۼ
ԵĿǰһеĹâԽԽȻͨһڵأۡͷ
ԵĶ˴һǶʮ˽ǸԸ߰ĮƵԵ鰡
ڤĸ֣ȻһСϺüͷ˶ȵŴ͡
лµ㲦պɾͣȫݸ½һԵ˵껰ֹѩһϹ˼תʧԭء
ȻΪΣԵΪʲôȻôˣԭѩһǹġ
Ҫ֪ԵѾǸеĸˣҪһ㣬ޱȼѣһӱ˷򣬻κ˶ġ
ѩصλ̨ΧһƬѻȸȻûдлָ
ʱǲŻعζԭǸһֱǳ磬ǳɧļһȺǵ׵Ĵڡ
ʱڲٷϷˣͬʱʾͬ顣
һżǿߣһѹУԶ޷ͷĸоöôץ񰡡
Ϸɿ˶ԼͬĿ⣬Ϸ޵ĳ嶯ܹıˣ˭ұҲҰ
ϷԹ԰֮ʣһӰ̨ϣضҹ꺮һʲǸµĶ֣ϣܹõͽ̣
˿ʮ߰꣬һۣӢһΪѾﵽڡ
ڤڶĹƽҲˣȻ̹ȻϲǸ˶֣ܶ˶ʮֲ졣
Ҫ֪ƽԵսҪһǳŷ⣬ڤԺһһ֡
ŷ߻֮壬Խսʱһȫһ֮УûǶ֡
ǻ֮壬ǿǼǧ궼δػֵ壬ǳ壬ֻҪ䶼Ϊǿߡ
ԺڵĵӣûаŷǵΪһλãĿеһڡ
ӢĹƽһصһˣԺһˣȻûսϲǶ֣ڳĵǴʧ
һֱĿҹ꺮۾Ŀɨƽ
ƽʱһɫ˲԰ֽˮŶͷ䡣
һʱ󣬹ƽȻ̾ϢһҰˣ벻ǼĲȻô󣡡
ʱĹƽѾû˸ղŵķһּĸо·ܵʲôصĴһ㡣
ҹ꺮³˼֡ؽģ


278 ˲
ƽʱһŵĿҹ꺮
ؽġڱûʲôڹƽھ׺
ƽһҹ꺮һҾµĴƽǣ
ƽĻ˵ں̨µԺǣһȻ׷
˭ܸҵ׷ʲôզȦأ
Һƨû˶ŵøƵģ¾ôûвȦˣ
̨µ˶֪ʲôǹƽȴһ޷Ǹղŵľ
ҹ꺮ƽʱûаϢйûн־֣Ȼܲʲô
ǹƽȴ˲䱻һľ磬һֻڽĸӦ
Ӧһɳ콣⣬صĵԼһ޾ѹԼ£
ǹѹĿ£ƽʱ޷ܣֻȥĤݵĸо
ǹƽϾ޽ʮ꣬ô׾ѹģʹԼĽ־
ҹ꺮ְ纣Ľ־ԼĽ־Եôһʱ䣬ȫܡ
Ըоҹ꺮ǻظԼʩѹȫʩΪĻһʱ䶼ֲס
Ҫ֪ҹ꺮ᣬΪҲֻڶѣ׵ѹޱôĿ̿УҲˡ
Ҷһ仰ʱùƽµϣĽƿȻʼɶ
ƽһصʸ£βԼΪ;ǰ
̨˼ƽʳ仰©һ֣Ҳʵġ
Ҫ֪ҹ꺮Щ˶Ĺ֣һпʵطֻǲ֪ǻ᲻͸¶
벻ǣҹ꺮붼ͻصű̬ˣ벻̬ܣ
˵껹ޱһָԱߵҶҶʱһ㶣ҹ꺮СʲôʱҲʼѧˡ
ʱ̨µ˶һı飬Щ˶ǸҶģˡ
Ҷʲôھնɱս˭˵
ݳǴսҶһλ֣ɽնɱӲӰ벽һ˭ܱ⡣
ߣʵĻֻɿر˦׷ʸûС
ŷһӵĿҶʱķˣҹ꺮Ļ̬ߣûв̬ˡ
ҹ꺮ѩˣϷУȽˡ
̨ϵһսҶһ˾ڤԺеӣʱӣһЩѧϵ⡣
Ҷڣʲô⣬ܹ˵һѵеӶǳ
һŷǴҶһȥϢ⼸ʱദĶȽǢ
ҶŷǵˣھڤԺϣһʮȫ롣
ڤԺҲֻʮѣҶ߾ռ
ڤԺǵûκβҪмҶˣΪԶսϵ̫ˣǿ߽ȥҲǾһ
ڤԺϵǿߣõóֵĺ٣ܶ˾ȥˣ϶û취߻
ﲻʮĻôڤԺɾͳΪЦ
Ҷ˵ĵһЩԭʵѣȴҪȥĵӹһ١
һ۵İüԺˣǰԴҽһЩԶսĽɣԼ֪ʶ
һϵƽŷǣСĽҶｻһ£ܼ£һԺӡ
ھڤԺеӵĿУŷǴžڤԺĶ飬һֱ̣ʧԭء
ռһ󲨶Ҷ˳һԲǧĿյϣ˵ǿյأ˵һ㳡
㳡ɾʯ̳ɣϣڹ㳡һ񱻱ע˳ŷǴһдšڤԺƵĵطͣ
ŷǸҶݲμԶսˣļϵص㣬Ϣضע˵ġ
ҶҶ￴һ۳ϣķһرĴ
ʹŷǲ֪ʥصļϵأʥشȥμӵġ
Ҷ˵ʱѾкܶѾˣΪŷŮ·ʱĿ⡣
ͬʱҶ﷢жԵĿ⣬ҶʶɨǺ󣬲Цˡ
ΪڡȭšȺͰƷĵӣһݶĿԼǸƷ·ҪԼ̻һ㡣
ŷȻҲֲԣһЩ˵ûµģ˭Ҳﶯ֣ԶսҪСˣ
޷ֻǲңʲô¶ûУҪǲۣҲ֪Ϊʲô족Ҷνĵ
ɲҪ⣬˶ǸĵӣŷСѵ
Ҷﵹ΢ЩԾһţмҲġ
ҪЩǻճһЩ鷳Ͼ֪Ƕƿصʲô̶ȡ
Ҳܹ뵱ĽݳһܹþѪĻԼɾͻЩΣա
ҶûдЩ޵Ĳ⣬ϥ£ŷǺͷν졣
ҶûǣǵĿȴ˵ע㳡Ѿϰٸ
ȻЩȫǶҲڣպĴڣҲʸμԶս˵ġ
ȻҶ˳֣ԭܶ˶ŷǵľݣ㵹
ŷºǲŷкܶĿǣȷе˵ӦǶҶ
ȻҶҲ˧Ǹŷǵûȵģû˻ôĿϡ
ǺǾ;ԾˣΪЩҶˣһҧгݵ顣
Ǹ˭Ϊʲôôҧгݣ
ٺ٣СӣʲôŭԹ˰ɣѵ˼˵ŮˡЩѾʼˡ
һȺ׳գһǶʶ顱һˣһĵĵ
Ǹ˵Ļʱŭɵ÷׷׺СӸ˵˭飬ȻǾԶսˣ
ǸһЦսǧһ⺮ݡҶﶼʶʲô
ʲô
Ҷ
ǸӵĻʱЩɵˣȻǲǳϢ
սǧһ⺮ݡһЩ˵֮ˣҶݳսġ
ʱȻҶҲʹǹ𹭣ǸӡĻǣҶŵǧ齣
սǧһ⺮ݣܽҶһ׳١
ԭЩǣ׷ױͣԼȷʵ飬̲סҶһԶĺɫܸϳɡ
Ϊϲɫ˲࣬Ϊɫ
۷׷֮ʣӰվڤԺϢȥ


279 
ףڵˣôȥڵļƣѵǸڤԺг𣿡ǲһ㶣û˵ڤԺ˭йڰ
̫Ŷǰһ˺һףΪȴΪֲ²ǸƲӣ
ǼڤԺǰʱԺһ󾯽䣬ȻйزԶ֣˭ҲԼİȫһϵġ
ΪΪǿᣬȫڵǿߣǰһˣϢǺ纣ѹ
ڶʮ꣬ԭ㲻࣬һ˫۾ȻоǸΣյ
ǶԾڤԺһ䱸ĵǣмЦһ¡ýţҹֻ˵仰ѣòộ
ŷؿ˵ʲộָ
˿ŷһۣ¶һΪȽЦݵ̸ָϣֻ˵仰ѣ
˵껰һָҶҶ￴һۣҡͷƨͷţߣ
ҶĻȻûпԴ˵ڳĶܣ˵ĿⶼǣȻǵ̸˵һ
ĵӶʱŭ׷ɢƣʱ׼֣һ죬ֹЩˣҶãиԣлģ
лҶ۾һУŲļһܹԼл
лɱǸܵܣҲλã
ҽһ£Ϊ죬ɱĻǺҵĵܵܣ˵ǲҪлءؿҶ˿˵ϲŭ
Ļʱ󾪣ͬʱҲ֪ˣԭҶڵˡ
ǰϢڵ䣬ʱкܶ˶ţΪҥϢڱ֤ʵ
˵ˣŷǵ˶һĿҶһҲ̫˰ɣ˼Ҳɱ
Ȼŷɫһ䣬ЩŵĿŻǻ죬ǰ㲻Ǳ𣿡
ԭҲǶΪ츳Ϊһ䶯ݵĴ¡
ǰɱԼĸףҲڵһţȻ󲨡
еԭϸڣ˿û֪Ϊʲô
ֻ֪ڽ䴦ˣ龭ô꣬Ҳ𽥱ˣǽ֣һ䶯һʱ
ŷǵѣʱϳɵɫһ䡣
ɱ¾ųԣݽ棬ϲŭ޳в⣬ͻնȫ塣
ҶЩͷصҪ˵ʲôϿ˵û̫ʱ㳶
Ǻǣ˲ҪΪ㣬ҿ»ᱻأҪл㣡
ǺͷһӣЩëȻҴӦǸϼһҪԶսɱ㣬ҲǶ㱨ˣ
ƨˣôǿԹˡҶһƽĿǣû˿ܵӰ졣
췢һЦɭɭصúʱ̰ɣԶսԶˣ
˵󲻵Ҷش𣬷һŵĴЦżת뿪ˡ
Ҷѩ˫ĿһȻҶֹˣŻıӰΪѾﵽ۷壬֣ԺԶսϣҪСˣ
Ȼûи콻֣Ҷƾ辪˵ҿ϶һϾսǿ
ҹ꺮ѩȻҲߣҲϴ
һҶûзϣֻҪǰ벽ǿߣܷΪޣΪǡ
ڻ˸ո뿪ʮ˶ҶȭšƷͺȵˡ
ʮ˳֣ʱһ󾪺
ɣǸȭŵԪɽ
ȷʵǣ⻹һǺȵٹ
ǸǰƷٷ֣°ȺҶ鷳ɣ
鷳ǿ϶ģӦò֣һϾţѾΪݵЦ
ʮڵڤԺϢǰۿҶˣһӣǰƷ֣°ҶصСӣԶսȡ
ĿҶɵǷһĨЦ۾׳գ
Ҷ仰Ŀͷϰվã³ı飬ɱǿ
ȻҶ˵Щ˶ʱɫһ䣬׷ȭͷǹ˼ĹأȺˡ
Ҫ֪ҶǶŵ棬Ǳ˼ָָ㣬ͷ̧
ЩһֺǣһӵŭֱɱǻҪܡ
ղżڵĻǺҶһʱͷһﲻɱһҲá
֪һͱҶһ䡰׳աŭ𼤷ȴֲҳ֣һʱﻢ¡
쵰ӲɣԶսһһһɫ۵ӣָҶŭ
ȭŵԪɽƽʱһ߸ϵǣɱԥҪ۶죬ʮһ飬ҲֲҶһָͷ
һȺ׳գƨ˾͹ҪȾ֪֪˺ᡱҶһĿǣ·񿴵һ˶ĵţһ㡣
ŵҶһƵûǵһ£ڳ˲
Ҫ֪Щ˿ǳδˣм˸ҶǲƫƫҶͲǵ¡
㡭㡭ʱֱ£˰춼û˵ʲô
ҶﲻмĿʲô㣬˵ûѧᣬͳ죿ǸϽȥѧѧɣ
ҶЩ˷ǳĲм㲻Щ˸߸ΨҶѧģ
ҪŪЩĵ⣬ֻ˾ɣҶﶼƣİ׳ҲܳΪδĵˡ
ЩȻô꣬ûưȥֱ漣
쵰ӲԶս˶һҲһֱûͣȵʱлŭһ
̣ҲܳΪǱ⼸ǰ;ˡҶﲻҡͷ̾Ϣϧ֮ɫԱ
׳һ仰ͽڤԺеӶˣӳֵ
ȻĻŷ˪ĿǾڤԺս𣿡
ŷǵĻԺӶվ۾ضǣɱؽ
ΪԺӣ˭û˼ָҪնɱһŭˡ
ʱɵðڣԼһʱɲԣһӽһ˶ˣŭ
ǸǾԲܵģǺȿԺͷˡ
Ȼһ˳Цô֣ôѵͳͳɱ⣬Ůٺ٣
˵һа֮⣬˶ʱͷŭֱˣɵϣҲ֪˵ˣҪǳ⣬Ȼһȴ
ˣ


280 
˻һ䣬ʱѻȸǳ裬ҾڤԺţŷŮ
ɵϣҲ֪˵ˣҪǳ⣬Ȼһȴ
ˣ
Ȼһ𣬶Ǹն䣬ûаף˷ӦѾ˵š
ΪԼϣʥ֮⣬ѾѹˣûںǰЩˡ
ɹЦݵûа㷴ӦͱֲĵնƬ
ȫһƬһǱѩһˣһû뵽ǾȻʥĹأ֡
˲ȫˣղһʵ̫ͻأˣ࣬˷ʤ
ҿһǿˣǵĻûз£ҲҪˡ
Ȼ벻Ҷ۵СӣȻôֲս
ԶڵĻ죬۾һǸܵһĿֲ
һסȫˣһʱȫѻȸȻӦһȡСӣȻɱˣʥعأˣ
ŷ仰ʱɫһ䣬ΥʥعأҪȡԶսʸģЩ鷳ˡ
ŷЩһҶô죿
ҶνЦһЦҪţʥйϵⶫǿ߸ƶϷʱԸıģ
ҶŲںʲôأֻҪʵʲôضһЩЦ˾Ϳô
ѩ建ջأûµһ㣬վҶı˶һǺôǡ
Ҷɨһ۵ûʲô¾͹ɣҶǻӣĻͼ
͸Ԫɽ֣°һۺ󣬶ҶЦƣǾ͵űȡʸɣ
׳գ
˸ոתҶĻʱһ򣬲ѹŭ𣬻صԼϢ
һִʱƽϢ֮ûռˣǻͷĻһնɱһˡ
Ҳ׬ˣʥصĹأóȻ֣ᱻȡʸ
ЩΪҶʥʥӽã֪᲻Ӱз
ʥһ磬¸ҶˮĿܲ󣬱ϾʥҪ˼Լ档
γͻƽϢҶİԵСӼֱ첻µز£ү϶ϴ
ͬʱڤԺĵǣЩϾϵԶսһֻһλᡣ
ջѡҶ˶ûпԭϢ
ʱռ䲨֣һһ˳֣ǶԼ֣ԼضϢ
ҶȻ۾ʶʼչ۲ΧĶЩ˵ĵҶп֡
ݹȻЩˣȫϢǿǿߣϸһ£㳡ϾȻǧ
һʮ֣㳡Ѿǿˡ
ҶǣΪĶڣһ벽ûУݹ㳡ֻҶһΪͣ۷Ѿ׵Ĵڡ
ʱƣռĲԽԽܼԽԽ֡
Ȼһ˳ڹ㳡ϣԭֵĹ㳡϶ʱ˼ž
Ⱥȫ۹ͷϸǱţ˿ǵݡ
Ǹһ֣һŨѪ֮һʵʵɱ⣬ͷһݡ
ŷǶҶǻȪţһǿɱ֯˾ͨɱ֮Խս˷ʤ
ȪţҶ˻Ȫ·۹ʱҶնɱһȪ·ɱ֣õ˻Ӱ٣绢
ӻȪųķʽǹͷԼѪȺɱˣһ־ʾ
һɱִŵʱ򣬾ͻѧϢôصɱ˼;ˣɱë
Ⱥ߼䣬·ڤԺϢʱͻȻͣ˽Ųǰһ˺Ȼƿ©һƽס
׺رһ۸һкЭĸоӦһֺ˧ܹºӡŶԡ
ǿһ֮󣬾ͻᷢԼѼסĳ࣬κһ٣޷ȥ
ûɢκƣûԪĲȴ˸оΣա
ͣ½Ų˫۶ҶҶ
Ҷﻺ۾ǰˣɵһ벽
ȥʮ˾ƽӣȻһ벽Ҷз캣ˡ
Ҳ޷֪̽˵ΪҶ¾ΪУһۿ˵ʵΪ
Ҷﻹѹе𾪣ص
ܺãǾûˣԶսϣɲҪ̫硱Ǹòƽ˵
Ҷ۾һУʲô˼
ǺǣҶ˵ˣҸоѹһɱ㡱Ǹӷǳƽ˵·˵һɵСһ㡣
ҶбŭЩԼˣ˭
ҶĿ˵ðɣ㼤ŭңȻǰ벽ҾԶԶս
ҶĻʱڳ˴ͣǸ˾Ȼǰ벽ⳬǵ
Ҷһ仰ӰȻһ벽ԶԶսǷ
һ㶣漴ЦãһĽʮûڽߣȻһ˸ô˵Сӣҵ㣡
˵껰ǸԳƻĵӣһȺ˼ǰȥ
ߺʱĵۣһʱͬը˹һ㡣
찡ããѪУȪ·ʮǰųˣ
ʮǰĻľǻȪŵĵһˣݺͬ޵֣ǸʱѾ۷ˣ
ʮδΪأԭΪ˳벽ҾȻɹˣ
Ҷˣֲɱֶϣʮ
ô˵Ҷﲻüʵһ
ŷ̾һһѾˣһ̥ٶȿֲޱȣͨɱ֮֮ͬке֣
ҶȰ㻹ǷԶսɣô㣬һ벽ɱ֣ûаʤġŷһӵĵ
ʱҹ꺮ѩҲһأȻû¶ΪǶѾɣܹӦĵĿֲ
Ҷ￴һԶĻһۣҡͷ˺սԣԶվϣұҪɵ
ĵĸ߰ҶҶŭܹܣҶ޵覴ãпܻľ⡣
ҶﲻӱܣֻӭѶϣȻԼڿܻĶ֣ԼһͻƵ벽Ͳˡ
ŷƺ֪ҶﲻģĿһĨǣȷ޿κΡ
ʱռĲһֱûֹͣ½д֣ԲǧĹ㳡ϣ첼ˡ
һռ䲨һ˳ǰȺ˵ĳ֣ȫʱһ


281 ټ
ǰһλŮն°ȹںڵĳ΢绺ڶüĿ续ˮ貨ӡ
Ůӵĳ֣㳡·˲ɾĤ֮ġ
˶ŮӵľݾˣһԸòŷǣǲʳ˼̻ľˣҲԲλ࣬¼侹һ
ǸŮӸһ֣ҶﲻɵͷһĿƵĿ
ǸŮҶ˼ҹĳȻʱɽڵĵӸˡ
Ȼһ֣ʱһӦǸǣƵĴڡ
ȻȺУһһۣϹЦݣ˫еԼ
ҶȻϸ˵ĺΣǸֳһĨ΢Цü棬ĿתȻŵһ㡣
ҶҲ̲סֱȻȥһѽȻ§뻳УصȻҺ㣡
Ҷʱ˷·ѵ
ŷǼҶһѽǸ·һŮ§뻳УʱЩζǿζѹȥ
ϷӶҪ͹ˣɵþϴôͰŮһͳȥ
ǸŮȻûоܾϴ̫ˡϷ˵꼱æͳһӣϱ߷дϴĵʮˣƤһǰ
ҶﱧţȻʱһ𣬸ҶǿҵϢ޾İȫС
ſΪڷ絲꣬ΪһƬܷĸ壬ҶǿȻʧҸ֮С
֪˶ã˲ŻֿȻҶＤͨ죬۽ϸǹΡ
Ȼгۣȡһ׵ؽҶ۽ǵβȥֵôˣСһᣬҲ±Ц
Ҷνص˭ҪЦһҲţҿЦ
仰СӵóȻֺֺЦͬʱůޱȡ
ȫ˶ĿƵĿǣȻһ죬ҶֵȥϢɣҪעĿˣ
ţߣҴȥҵʶһ¡ҶʱȻɽڵӣкڤԺߵϢ
ǸյѾ˹۾ųȻһĽصǳȻɣƯ
ȻŷֵðɣҲƯģѹҶһֱ޲أ
ģʱϲ˷֮ɫ
Ҷ￴ųȻĴָȻȻҵĺ֪һ仰Ͷˡ
ȻģҸҶһʱ̫٣չأˡȻ⣬˳ɫص
Ȼ㣬ԶҲҪֿ˺òãҶһʱ㡱ųȻ֣һεĵ
ãԺǾҲֿˡȻ΢죬Ŀ͵͵һҶҶһڴĿԼʱˡ
ҶȻӦԺ󲻷ֿˣʱϲ֣ŷǵȻŷŮʶһ°ɣ
ŷҶֵȻǰŮʵɷˣ
ŷǶųȻ΢΢һСŷǼȻ㣡
Ȼæһ̫ˣ֮ݣܳƺΪŮŮɷ
Ҷ﷢ŷе㲻ԾҲûϣҹ꺮ѩ塢ܿɽϷɽܸȻ
Ҷߣû̫ڣƬ̺һ˵Ż
ȻһǿҵĿռ䲨֣һȺ˳ֹ㳡룬Ⱥ˸һ֣ù㳡һ󻶺
Ҷ˿ɵ¶һ˿΢Цֻһλʮµӣ˽ӳڹ㳡롣
ǸݷİɽһͦһȵŮ½ѩ
ԶͼȺеҶʱϲҶǰݺݵظҶһӵֵܣɷΪˣ
СҲ簡ǻѾԻӡҶҲǳļ
Ҹһ£ҵĺ֪ȻҲδӡҶųȻ
ҶĽܣȻʱͨ죬ҶݺݵŤһѣ۵Ҷֱ죬ʧŰʩһȻʥӸ£
һϲĿųȻֻе֮ˣֵܵľ֮ţյһԣ
Ȼϲͷ˼˵Ҷ󲻸˵ҶһЦɴ缪ԣⱭϲƣʱ϶ٲģ
Ҷְѷҹ꺮ѩ塢ܿɽϷһһܸ
ЩĿЩˣɵаϾʥӣʶԶǳܱȣһ۾ͿȺ˵Ŀֲ츳
Ը˴Ϊ̾Ժɽڵǣ԰֡
ĵʱһȵŮͻȻ˽һҶĸ첲ø磬Դϴ뿪ҲûʹҸû˵ĵطʹһذɣ
ŮĻ˴ͣһ𾪵ĿҶȻҲĲŵĿ
Ů½ѩԴϴҶս˺ü죬񫡣
ԴҶߺʹӣҲûˣһʱ½ѩһֱػڴϣصҶĳ֡
һֱûеȵġø硱ڼҶ˼״Σ޾롣
˶ϳݣǿʥصʥŮҶȻ¶ɵó
Ҷʱҵطȥĳ嶯ð㿴øǲİ
½ѩеĲףʱЩεصСѩǼϵĵط˶ӣ鲻ʣ
ĻгͣһʱԴЩ·ˣʥôȻȰʥŮģ
ҶȻһı飬ʱнп࣬簡磬ƽʱӢ޵УôҲźСܰ
½ѩЩôֲʲô˵£˵Ҳ˵ˣһû˵ĵط𣡡
ҶһӺæڵСѩд飬Ȼһɣս󣬸֤ܹҵ֣
Сѩһɻصģҵ൱Ķ֣
Ҷæһֻ֣һ֣صصҷģУ
ðɣҪûеĻһҪʹʹһŶ½ѩЩĵĵ
ԭһᣬҲֲǣ½ѩ˵ģ͵Ķ˲롣
ҶظųȻڳһεı飬˼ҡ
СС󣬴Ҹ׽࣬½ѩųȻһСʲôʱطЦ
˸̸֮ʣȻһ߽еڹ㳡أʥش˲þ


282 Զս
ǸֵĹ㳡ʱ˼žֻһվʥϢǰղŵĻǴ˷
˵ĻڤԺĵǶʱľˣɹϵܷԶս
Ŷ¡ʥصǰǸʮҵˣ΢΢ü
Ҷĵظһ˭֪ʥصĴϣΪѾ
ǰȷʵˣڳ˶֤Ǹ״֮ǺȵΪˣǺȵĵӡ
Ŷһվɡʥشϵص
Ҷǰ˼ЦǰҵˣƵ˸ˣ
ʥشϼҶʱһЦСӾͲʡİ
ҶЩ޹صû취˼Ҷָűˣֻ찡
ôˣΪʲôɱˡʱŭ
׳գҧһڣҧһֻһѹҶﲻмĵ
㡭
˵ʥشϲͷص˫й¾ô˰ɣ
ʱоЩίصǰǵ˶ɱˣôǲʧʰ
ʥشϻشҶͷȷʵʧʣɣֵܳҲһܽΣ¾ôȥô
ҶĻ˶һӷ˰ɣԼֵܸ˼ҳ
ãͬ⡱ҶĻʱҲʹӦ
ѩ壬һ£ǿһҶѩ˵꣬ѩޱ˳
ŷǶʱŭҶˣԼֵܸ˼ҳ
ʲô취ܲʥɨذɡҶЩ޿κεĵ
ŷǻҪ˵ȻסİɣҶʲôԣǲԿ϶Լ뷨
Ȼ֣ŷ΢΢һ𣬲ˣͷ֪ˣ
ѩĳˣɵôϲԼһڵǿߣһ
˶ʱ⣬еĳһЦѩǰ̧־һն䡣
ۣ
ͷأѪŲɸߣȫ˴͡
Ҳˣѩ壬ٿǸԼָɳʬ壬׵صҶҳ
Ҷһ㶣Щصôˣ
ҧгݵص˵ģǿһģ
Ҷʱһ󡰻Ȼ򡱣Ȼһмصֵܳǿһû˵ỹ֣ǹ׳յģ
˵껰˵ĻᣬʥشϵǰղҸѾ˵ˣһ󣬲ܡΣ¾ʹ˽ҹˣ
ʥشЩЦãһıȷʵˣ¾ʹգ
ۡʥشôһ˵ʱһѪû
ǣһĿⳡ־ʹճ֪˵Щʲô
û뵽ⳡִȻϷԵĽβȱһ˻ִȥһ
һưͳԻп˵Ҷȥˡ
˶úЦͬʱţֻڶ͵Ц
ڤԺɽڵĵǣҶѩһҶﲻսǿıҲܼ
ԶȪУһͷںɫڵĻģ©һ˿мЦģ
ǸͣûӹҶ䣬ͬʱҲ֪ˣ˫Ŀ磬ġ
ͬʱһɿֲϢ֣һ־궼оһ
ĲҵƱŷһεסĹ
һЦôʥʥӴˣ棿
ߵղ˵ȡֵ
ʹ԰Ҳûа٣һĮ
ãǽҾȡŨüһ壬Ҫ֣Ȼһȴ
ﲻɶ֣
ʥشϺֹﶯδԴС֮ɣֻ֡
֣ĽеһѹӵĳЦԶսϣʶʶʥӴˣǷд˵еôǿ
磬ҵģͲҪСˡҶνЦ
Ҷ֪ԼԶսϳԿҪǰ֣ΪȪŵóɱ͵Ϯ˷ʤ
ｫɵȻʥشϲôɵģʥ
ЩĵصСΪһ㣬һЩ˵ĹܳԿģ
İɣҽ벽ŰͬŰҶһŵĵ
仰ûɫһ˫𣬴ӳû˭ӹ
˵ܽܣϾ˼ҵĵ̺Ϊ
ҶһСС۷壬ȻҲʱŭգϾɱ֣ܿԼָ侲
ֵܣݵ԰ͬˡҶļ̾
ҶȻоһ޵ĵ⣬ȻҶعͷԶһӰԼ
˿ʮӣӷǳݣƤŮ˻Ҫ𪼸֣һ˫۾Ҷߡ
Ҷ￴΢һ˿ң̽·Ŀɨһ㡣
ҶųȻԼղſһĻʵǸ˭
ȻǸŵ㣬ǸǳյļһҪСĵ
ţСʱҪȥǵѹСţҶʵ
Ȼ˵ͷҶʱС촫С죬Ϊʲôţᱻѹƣ
ѹƣᰡȥΪǵһ֮ҲֹͣڵġСЩ˼ĵ
ҶʱһǸҶڴ۹ʱǸʹǰʹõص
СͬǶħһ壬ߵȵħôôԸħйء
Ǹŵ㣬Ǹ࣬ҶӦУħϢҶЩɲ
ϴȥݵʱ򣬴ħеȡɫѺҶһֱһַǳĸоܸоЩħ壬һ
Ҷ˼֮ʣʥشݾѵ룬ǾͶϷ׼
ʥصĴϣһӣгһＸʮս
սͨƣȥƽһ㣬Իʹʧš
˵һֻʥػ˾ʴһۣ̻ģʯΪԭϣ˵Ѫʱʮɵġ
۲ԷͬΪսʹãԳȫһҹҲɱ벽κˡ
˶˷ۺ󣬷΢΢һͬһһ㣬ٶ˲ﵽһ£Զȥ˲ɳ֮ң
Ҷŷ۵ĿֲٶȣҪ˶þͿԵһ˷ܣԶսıǣ˼Ǿõˡ


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283 Ϸʥ
ʥ½Ķ򣬹ݣֱݡݡڤݡݺݡ
֮⣬һƬﱻΪ޳ǣλڶı߻ĵشû̡
ȷʵԶսڣÿ꿪һΣÿһεĿǣ
޳ǷԲǧһƬưܣﶼϵʷżԶѾ޴ӿ֤
Ϊ˶Ǹеĸ֣ǳԶսģûȥʷ
ʥط۽޳ǵʱʥصķۣѾͣˡ
Ҷ￴һҷֻۣз۵ĿʽһǴСࡣ
ҷ۳â֮ƣͣһ㳡֮ϣзɴм䣬һԲĴϱ߿ֹ̻ϵķģʱطһЩֲѹ
Ȼзȫ򿪣ȫ˷ۣҶʥΪףǰϵش£
ҶѾֿȻҲҪصԼŶ飬ΪҪʼʽˡ
ʶɨ֧飬֧£ڶʮңжȫϰ
ǿϰĴܰ붼˾ͷƤ飬Щȫʮµ˵޴ᣬеš
ȫϰˣûһ˵쳣ʥصǿߣϹϴ̨
ͳһȭͷСľʯǶڴϣͬʱһĲڶ
ԭڳ˯״̬Ĺϴ󣬷·𱻼һ㣬ϵķĻ
Щʥصͷˣ໥һͷ׷׻صԼӪ֮С
Ȼռ΢΢Ťһ£һ߳ڰУʥصͷˣ׷Ǹ߱ȭһ
Ҷһ㶣ʥصˣ߶ϹϾߵʲôݡ
Ǹ߻Ϊԣ˲Ϣϵ˶СϷ꣬ɹĴϣθ֯ԶսĿ
ҶɹɵпˡǺѵҲʥ֮أ
ԶսĿͬϷ֮ǰ鿴һ´ǿȣԶսųüͣиˣ
ֻһ˿ԽԶսҹһ£ԶսռӦÿԴﵽʮң
Ҳ˵ˣ֮һҽԶս
ĻʥصߣһȻû뵽ξȻᷢ顣
һЩСǣ򻶺־ҲлԶսˡ
˵һ¿˹Ϊһ¶࣬ҲҪ̫ᣬÿѡһСս
ȻץεʽԣһҪʮսʤĳȡ֣ǰǧԽԶս
Ҫʮʱȫһʱȥ쿪ʼʽпˡ˵껰ʱʧǰ
ߺԭžĳ棬ʱԭһЩԶսϣΪãʵ׷Ħȭ
Ҷŷһ£ܿؾѡ˳ս飬ֱҶѩ塢ŷǺá
ҶﲢûóǿΪҪ棬õˣûҪôƴ
ϾûнãΪһóɼͰѵƱ¶ʵڲֵá
ҶȥһɽǱߣȻҲ˶飬ĳȻѾ۷壬֮Ȼֲ
Ȼĳɾͣһ󲿷ҪлС죬СڣȻҷſ˼Уϵ˽ֲٶȡ
гȻڣһˣҲûʲô⣬ҶҲصġ
ҶųȻȥҰȥȾƣŷǡҹ꺮ѩˣȫΧһ𣬳ò֡
ݹݵǹؾصϢԵҶ˸ͻأ
ȻһһŮӰҶǰҶ￴һۣʱ΢΢һ
ȻᣬһΪ纣ǿĲļ¡
ϳӣϷʥصʥӣҲǱԼɱǸݳĸ磬Ϊǳʵ̫ˡ
ߵһŮӣļΪ޳һŹ°Լ⣬ͷ΢ǰ͹𣬸һּΪ߰ĸо
Ҷûв´ǽݳĸ磬Ϸʥصʥӽݷ磬ԱߵǸ߰ŮϷʥصʥŮࡣ
ݷոճزãԼ׵ܵܣȻնɱʱŭȥܵܵ򣬲ҶĻ
ΪҶﴫߺǸҶ￪˴ӣҶöָҶĶ£ĵظ˴Ĵͼ¼
Ҷﴫ͵ظĳһƧ֮̽أݷ罫ǸطڵҲûҵҶӰӣ֮£ֻܻصϷʥأȽ¸ǳˡ
ղҶ˺Ժȣʱע⣬Ҷʱʱɫһ䣬ͱ˹ߵʥŮҲ˽ݷĲԣҲ˹
ǵĵ˷׷վΪԸоˣݳɱ⡣
һϳ˽ݳϾͬʥʥӣŶԷϣһüͷ
ݳ΢Щɵؿһ۰ȻֶҶصҶ
ӦǽݳĸɡҶͷ¸סģҶԤϡ
ݳһУɱʢضҶɱҵܵܣ
Ҷ˵ͷҹ꺮׼ûоΣȴһҲͷֵ̫ˣʥӵĵܵܶɱ
ãԶսڣؽݳеɱ⣬ʵʣΧһĺ
ΰºʵˣΪնܵܣ׸磬սԡҶ٩٩̸ص
һŮ߳һľϮʽûаףҶ֮ʱǵѾǰ
δֲѾҶëȻĸоһв
Ҷﲻɵд󺧣Դæһ
ž
ҶﻹһȻؿҪۻǱУֲʱҶֱ۳һɼǵ˿ڣѪӿ
Ҷͷһݣÿֲֻ֮һͲ㽫Լһֱ۷ˣúݵǡ
Ҷע⵽ֵϷʥصʥŮ֪࣬ʲôʱжһޣѪ
޳ܡ߳ͬʱһһҪһ㣬նȥ
ǳȻŷͬʱ֣ŭŮӵĺݶȻһ͵ϮҶˡ
Լһ͵ϮȻûнһСС߻ɱʱŭȻŮӣԼŭɽҡ
һȣгӣ綾һ㣬ӭ
䣡
һӰͬʱɳ


284 Ĵ
ȻŷǶʱͬһɽײأɼˣȻһǿı۰Ƕ˽ס
ҶסŮʹɾϵ֮⣬תƵԼϣŮȻǿҲпˡ
ֱӷɳʮɵľ룬Ҷȫ֮⣬ֹסΡ
ҶӵұŮ뻳Ǽȫ磬Ů͹µĴУҶﶼֱϵʹ
ŮŻҶһı飬ֺֺЦʲôʱˣȻ˼
Ůͨ죬һۣ׷תͷȥϽ뿪ҶĻ
ϷʥصʥŮɽУʱһɷһɻȵϢײУԼ֮Ȼȫı˼ʮɡ
ȻûˣȴǱ֣ΪʥʥŮƽ۸ڶԹĿгԵĿ
෢һСҪɱǡ޷裬ҪҶ˳
Ҫ֣ҹ꺮ˣ׷׽䱸ɫһҪŮһѵ
Ȼһߴٸҳ֣ȡϷʥؽԶսʸ񣡡
ȴŭʱ侲ʱϷʥصߣȵ࣬ú֣
ҶʱŶŮǰصһҼˣ
һһһСӣҺΣ
ҶһԵĽݷ֮ûʲô˵ģԶսϼɣ
ȻݷȻ͸Ҷ֪ﲻٳˣϷʥҪд鷳
ݷһ۵깧һǰ£
΢һͷ²Ϊ
ǡݷˣæӦһ˻ԼӪ
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ҹ꺮еĳϣǶһǵľˣʶƽҹ꺮
ҹ꺮ؿһƽֻ³һ֡


285 Ƽ
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ƽżѹסеŭ俴˵Զսڣɱǣ
СҲ̲סˣһҪǸҶԸҶ磬Ǿβһ͸ǿս
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ԭһĮˣҶϸֳһĨЦݣЦеɭ
˲֪ҶЦʲô˼ҹ꺮ˣЩ²ĸо
ȷҪΪУ
ߣѪʳѣ㻹Ϊǵĵˡƽһм֮Ա
Ҷ˵ͷܺã֪ôˣѾܾûпˣл콫Ǵң
һ㶣Ƭ̺󣬾ͷӦɫüΪѿҶȻǿʳ
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ȻǲκʥأǶⳡ˵꣬ȴǼɵѣҷ
ԲСǲǻˡСҶ֣СίˮȦת
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˵ʲôأ²㡱ͬʱҶаԸˣô߽ްԼ󰵽Ľ׶ˡ
Ҳ׷װοС£Ƭ̺ԭΪĲ죬ʱɢҼѾԻ
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ҶСֵܣԽԽˣ˵ľϲʵ̫ˡ
㲻ҪĿⶼʥʥŮϣ˲żüãǱԨ˾Բ
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ƥ˱ڵҶ׵رڵˣˣޣԲ
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ͬʱҲԹҲֱ۵ᣬЩԶսϵǿ󣬲ĲԹ꣬۳˼ɱ
ЩԹǰΪǿȻԹǼΪֲĴڡ
Ҷ˽Զս֪ʶѾĵڶˣһȴԶս˿ʼ


286 սʼ
Զս˿ʼ
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ж͸¶˷ܣһ˿ţѾǿߣ޷ƶԶս㽡
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Ϊο˹ϵǵˣԱûκι򣬳һ䣬ۣ
Ļһˮͷ˸ղŻ˷ܵ飬ʱȴ
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˼ǰΪߣҶ߼ġСʱĲ١
Ҷ˸ûгֵ˼ŮӣԼ˹ҿƣԶ壬ɵаŭȻƲˡ
ǰһ˴һֵǣȻ˸СǣǾѪĴۣʶǵǿɣ
˵һ߽кȫȫ汬˲ӭζŮ


287 ʤ
εһɱŶԷͬƻ׺΢΢һţҧ̳

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˸һˣ¶Ȼɳе̴֣һӵܼ
˶ʱ˵Ĺýڽںˣθڻ֮Уֱ۱˴һѪֱ
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Ѫ˴󺧣˲սæȥҲˣ˫Ųӡ
Ϊ˾ãһѳۿžҪնϡ

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ԷһˣʱһңʱνöˣΪӪȶԷеĿ־壬ڻӳʵ
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ŷǼҶȻӶЦһ˿įͬʱһЩίҧ񴽣ǿ
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288 Ծ
ҶеһȣһԿʼһֺҶһ֡Ͳ˵ˣ
ҶǰˣϢΪǿᣬΪȫڣľǣǵ۾һ㣬ͫġ
һС飬ΪĴĵλʥصͬ峤Ҳ͵ʥʥŮǲμСԵġ
ǵĵޱȣʥӼǿ߲֣ܹɨ֣һ·
ǱžʤҶ˸һ̷֣һƬѪĹâ
ⲻ峤Ҫɱ𣿾ȻˡһһЦ翴һ㣬Ҷˡ
ŷǻãöʱоһȺ߶һ㣬ͷƤЩ飬԰һƬ
˾ǵΪǱʵʵɱסˡ
ǰ˵һĺĵĵԺңԺ齭ܣǰѾڣ۷壬Ҳֻһ֮ң
һ塢׻һ廹һ嶼ǳز̺ɱǰһг͵ϵǿ߲
ԺĿһϲ԰׵νãɵֳҶ˵Ǹ֪һ᲻䰡
ҶһϷʵĿԺҵ֮թգֻЦңƾǵ̣Ϊܰ쵽𣿡
ԺҼԼļı𴩣ߵǸ߹һ壬ĺ࣬ôĵİϷ
Ųмص໹Ŀ԰ÿһɱѵֻ𣿡
Ҷ˫ĿһȻ֪⼸һǹ⼤ŭԸˡ
ΪҶȷʵע⵽ÿЩһⳡʱ򣬶޵Ŀ⡣
ЩһǹģԷ䡯Ļᣬֱʹɱ֡
ҶЦһûǣһԵѩûˣˣܸɵ
ѩҶĻʱһܣһĺ󱳵ĳӦû⣡
УŪĶ㡱Ҷһͷŷǵ㿴ǣֹЩҪ͵Ϯ
ŷǸӦǼϿµϢҶЩǣҶ￴ԼǷݵǶʱʧӰգ˵ͷζŮˡ
׼úˣǾ׼ɣӹһ٣ԶսɻʹЩԺЦ
Ҷŷ˺󣬿һЦԺң
Ժһ˫΢΢𣬲мĿҶҶȻԼƽһҶһȭȥ
ԺһȭҶҲһȭӳӭȭͷ
䡱һ죬ҶԭδԺȴҶһȭʮɡ
Ҷﲻɵͫһ֪ԼһȭȣȻûʹȫҶܹӲġ
ԺҾôסˣȻˣǿûܵʲô˺ҶǳԾ֮Ȼǿ
ҶԾԺҸӳԾֱ޷ţԼࡣ
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ӰֺԺҸǿˣϢʵ屻һϸϸƬǡ
һĴؼҶ۾һУ֪Ժұȸղǿ
ǰҶ۵ʱ򣬾һЩӻʹһЩؼЩؼӰ죬˻ʹá
ǵ˻߼ʹؼԽԽ٣ΪΪѾ߾ؼѾԽԽСֵȥʹá
ԺʹһУȴܹ˲ǿɵҶһؼǿ
Ҷϵľ֮ɫԺһЦСӣһĴؼ֮£Ŀˣ
ҶﲻмһڿˮЦǾһȺ棬аëǮĹϵԼ𣡡
ҶĻʱԺҷζըˣǸ߰һ壬ԳһĴˣû˸ǡ
ҶĻֱǳǣһֱ侲Ժң˲ʧȥǡ쵰Ҫɱǣ
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ҶһϢǿˣٶȶ࣬æָ񵲡
䣡
ֲҶĽ³һӣҲɳȥ
ô治ǴؼȻǿסҶﲻͷޡ
ŷǵ˼ҶȻɣɵ÷һǵľոԺֳҶǰһȭݺ¡
ҶǷһ˿Цһ˻ƽɫֲϢϯռ䣬һֻɫȭͷӭԺҡ
飡
һ죬յĿռ䶼һԺҶʱͬһɽУؿһѪӿ󵹷ɳȥ
ԺͬƽսһҶɫ˺üΣڴһһϣ
Ժҵһ£ʣµĸһĵӣ׷ױһֱʹ壬һҶ﷢͹
Ҷһȣ˫ȭ裬̺ɽ
飡
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ĻôΪһԺ齭ʹóжǿ
ѹְС⼸ˣȷʵʸ񣬸ʥʥӽа塣
ȻһĵӰ˼ƥƣһǿߣΪ֮
䣡
ѩĵӰһǿߣʱǷֿгһ񿳣ڵǿţһæңƳԶ
ѩһԶҶսȦһôһ㣡
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˶ʱ󾪣ԭѩֻڵΪûаϣСӵĿֲ
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289 
һҧ⣬ҵʹ࣬һʹȫֲֵһ
䣡
ۣ
ֲõķֱնƣֲĵݺݵնϣѪɽӦɡ
˳ʮɺŷǺβŷ֣ؿڶһĴӣѪģһƬ
һΪǿ˻Ӱ̫࣬˶ʱһѩȥ
ʱᵽѩֲСظѩζѩӲƴһʱ佩
Ҷߣ˫ȭ裬ˣȴ࣬ʱسԳԺҡ
ѽ㲻˵ųôڣȻòһССߣ
㲻˵Ҫɱ𣿻˵ʲôëë渽֮£ҵңҵأ
Ϊʲôǵɫˣѵô˰ƨû
ҶﾡسǣöԶŷǳԾǺЦҶʵ̫ˡ
һѪ飬ɱԣҶǵùǶжĥ
ԺҶ챻ҶˣоԼѪӿȻ˵ûѪģĸоԼҪˡ
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Ȼ¶ǵսǿ࣬պָȴ鷳ʶǺ¶塣
ҶصһֶΣɳˣ
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ǳЩε߶ѣƾҲһ壬ЦˣҶ޼ɵ
Ժͫһ˿Ȼľ޴ӰѸ϶Ϊһ
϶ΪһԺңʱһʹĺУڼȻûа벽֮ϢѾޱƽˡ
ҶͫһȻеƣҶһֱŭԺңΪģҪǵĵƣԺԺ齭ˣҪԴԲôĵءȰԺҡ
Ȼ򲻸ˣҶĻȡŬ֮£ڱԺʹ˾С
쵰СӣҪ˺Ƭ㺦ʹ壬ȼԪ;ѪҪԺҧгݵĵص
ҶЩ˼ˣαôأֻǶѣ﷢ôʵڲֵã
ƨ߹һ壬һҲ޷ֲ㷸µԺҴ˻
ҪôߣһòáҶһԺΪļơ
ԶŷǺã㿴ңҿ㣬һԻ󣬸㲻Ҷĺ«ʲôҩ
Ҫ˵ҶǣҪǽͣǾŵģҶǸ۲ӣԸɲ
ԺұͫضҶһһصˣˣԴ峤һעǱɱˣ
Ҷ̾һҶӢٷ磬Ӣ۸屡죬˵ţҪţʲôɫ·ã
Ժһ㶣ͻȻһ谮ʲôʲôйϵ𣿡
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ԺҿԶ͵Цŷǵˣʱеĺ⣬ĿҶˣң
ˣ㣿Ҷͷҡø˹һɫôֱˣôܻˣ㣬Ҹղڶأ
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Ҷһ˫ȭҳǸ޴βײȥ
䣡
챩յĿռھס˵ǿṥ׷飬˳һƬĿյ֮ϡ
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ҶﰵԺ죬ԲйȻ̬һս
ҶһĿռ䣬֪һƬС磬ʶɢ󣬷֮ʮԼĴ̫ˡ
Ҷ﷢֣һʵһȻޣɳĮɵһĽ֪Լʲôʱܳɳ
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ֻԺҸԼӲƴһ֮ҲԼǿ٣Ҷȭͷеβ˼ĳѪģ
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ߵЩ⣬ҶֻҶѩˣ˶ûʲôˣ·ûû
ٿһһ˹ҲʣǱ˫γĶԱȡ
ҶЩͬĿԺһˣһ˵ıνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬοΪһС¾һƽľ̸̸ɣ
Ժ˫Ҫһ㣬ŸһСͷ­ͬضҶΣǱ
ǱҶһƾЩԴĳ棬أһ治ţ
Сӣ̫СһΰսʿˣһûһġԺЦ
ʲô˼Ҷﲻʵ
ߣҵ˼ǣܹʹ壬ҲܹҿôֵǱԺĻش
ΪɱǣҲҪܼĴۣΪֵ𣿡Ҷɫ΢
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ҶһָԺҵıӵС棬һ·ģȻִԲǾɣҶĳǻϼң
ԺҷһмЦ˿һۣʱЩ˷׷״һԻ壬ʹ壬һʱǵϢȫǿƥ
ѩҪһҶеǲҪ֣ϻǲèˣǿҵľУ
ѩˣһ˷ܣҶȻҪУǿǼΪѵõģȻ춯أ׷ȥӰҶʩչ
ԺҴһٶɵľҶֲˣ÷Բǧһ
ҶǻһĨߣֻڰգĴָָһ˲䷢
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290 
ڵľҪҶʱҶϸһĨЦ³֡
䣡
Ҷ³ֺһĿռ䲨Ҷ˳硣
ѩճ磬Ͳһ򣬿Цõϴ̫ˣɰǿӲˣ
ŷǺνҲЦòУᶼЦˣһҪˡ
һĺĵӣȼ˾ѪԪ߷ؼպˡ
һһ˥ڣ鵤ҩҲѶʱ䲹
ǸĵӰھôˣһĸ߲Ҫˡ
ⳡսʧܣҶںΪʤųҲһ˳ߣαȥǸûõͷ
ʮȫʤЩõģڤԺǲΪз磬Լ鷳
Ҷ˵ĳ֣ʱȫע⣬Ϊһ飬Ķͱˡ
µʹˣһС飬Ǿȵһպյһ壬һԲһС
ڤԺȻݻеǻǱȲɽڵһЩڸŲϺŵġ
ԭΪò˶ãͿԼˣǶ˿ʱˣɻûж
¾һһ壬Щˣ˵ô⣬Ӧͳˡ
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Ժҵ˻ԭ۷׷׵ˣʱѻȸ׷úĿ⣬ҶСӵװԺôˣ
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齭˶¶˱壬ʹһǾķ֣Щ˶塣
һؼ򲻵˭ҲʹõģȼԪ;Ѫʵ̫ˡ
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۸ûԺ齭۹⿴һȺеҶֱ۾ʼ
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쵰˵ģʹ壬ҲɻǻϼҵġԺҴ
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ԭԺһԹȥǲȻԣҶĻɴĶС
ۡԺһѪĽȻԣһж֪ˡ
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ѾôǿߣһСðһ½ԶսҲҪȺˡ
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Ȼܴ࣬⣬̫װˣҾˡҶؿŽݷ磬ĶЩ˲ɱ̫ˣɱ⡣
һҲҴʴʡݷԱߵʥŮһߵ
Ҷϸһ۵㳤ûص㣬ͷôͻ궼ʪ棬ɡʡˣ
ʱȻɫԼòԼ֪ͷ͹һźû˸ָȱݣ˸Ҷ࿴һĶͷˣɱˡ
Ҷἰʹʱŭ죬Ҷŭһʹ조СǣʥŮү㣡
ȫ˶˴ͣҶĲ𣿸յһ壬Ϸʥصŭʲô
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291 ֮ǰ
ǰǧѾˣҶ׼
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ҶҲһ㶣ʥأĴ壬ȥ˾Ÿʮȫʤģ˵ǵӦô߲Ŷԡ
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ھڤԺͲһˣôʮ󳬼УԺԻϰˡ
һǸΪصĶݴڤԺһʮһٰʮңǰһٶ
һ˷ܵŷǣҶЩصǲ˼֪ȻԾڤԺôҪ֪ˣ
ڱУҶһֱûгȫΪõ֪ԼĵƣҲһֱֶΡ
ǵģζ˵ѾľϲˣǺ֪ˣġŷһϵĵ
ŷǽ޵գҶﲻһЦ룬㾡ȫǰʮŷŮ᲻ж
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ⲻǶǵŮҲֻҶǿϣʻţϣʹҶԲѵĵ
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Ҷص˵ͷϲŮ󳹴ˣۣҵĹ£õӴ㲻һֻ·ĸҵָ£ҵĿ꣡
ŷǿҶһı飬һ㣬Ϥױƭˡ
һЦŷЦ绨ĿתϷʵصԭƤ֮񣬹ֲÿսʱ򣬺ܹƷ
ҶҲ£˫ֺʮׯϵص򷨣ͨƤҲһּܣŴԣƤԸƤԲţ
͡¾νãҲ̲סˣ׷Ц˳
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ܺãûʲô̫Ķ֣һֱȫʤڶʮһȻ΢΢Щ˷ܵĵ
Ҷһ㶣ΪʲôȫʤԼ˵ĺߣҶܲ⡣
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ѽ¿ǳ˴ˣУսҪСˡȻЩֵҶֵ
ü΢ĿԹһ̬Ҷ˲䶼֪˵ʲôˣѿڶȻ
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ȻȻҶսɵһæ˿һߵĵҶöأ
ҶŻع޲óԼ£ҶﰡҶѾôϢԼŮˣ㼱ë
ҶĺƤҲЩ죬ǿȻˣֻûĻսһѣ
ȻֵصҶһۡŹ֣
Ҷ΢ζһԼ仰ƾԼţ޸п
˲˲ˣò˵ϹˡȻҵڻҰ
ȻϺϼˣҶɫҪΪҵģȻѡ·ע˷ȻңҾûˣ
Ȼһ£ȷʵˣ֮·Ϸȥһˣ˭ҲӲȦӡ
ųȻһǣҶֵİɣûܹңҪ֪ҿڸߵʱ򣬾͸Ϊ㣬ȥ׻أ
ȻĿ룬˼·ص˵Ҷμʱ򣬷һ⡣
ҶⱲĵ飬㣬ӦңҪ뿪ңĻȥˡȻ
Ҷһ𣬳ȻĻһ˿־壬ʧȥ˵ҶУѾ˱ԼҪĵز
Ҷ֣صص˵ͷȻİɣҾԲģҪػ㵽ĵϣ
ҪˣСǣһ۾۰ɡҶЦ΢Щصջһ¡
ȻȻʱ糺죬յشҶһµʲôСӣƤú񣡡
ҶЦЦųȻ֣Щɽڵĵӣһ붼ʶ
Ů߰ˣʣµĶӣһ֣ٷ磬ʣɵаޡ
СǣʦǺȾˣȥǲȥҶЦ
ҶĻóȻɫӺˣͷȥŤҶ⡣
ȥȻҪȥ
ʦ䣡
ɽڵĵǱһǿɶҶķ˿һݵľҶˡ
ΪҶ࣬ȴһصصĲݸһгɾͶԼƴģǳݲѡ
ԴݳһսҶĴݣкµˣҶĵȫڳˡ
Ҷʮ֮ǰһֱŷͷڼھͻɱʿһ۷壬ǿĵˣһһڽ¡
ɽڵĵӣҲһҶľȫ£޲ΪʦеԺ
ԶĲ˵ʹӸյ͸ʥصʥʥŮа壬ݺ˭ܱ⣿
ԵҶﺰ仰󣬷׷˷ܵĴУҶЦǺ;ڤԺĵӣȥҰȾơ
ԺֻҪҶΪѵģԼѡ
ǾڤԺĵӻɽڵĵӣҶ߸ϵʥʥӳֵܣƱյ޲ܣ벻Լһ죬ȻܹʥʥһȾơ
ϯҶ˵ϣԶսϣһŵĵӡ
붼룬˵棬ԸʥصӣԶսϣչһڡ


292 ԸԳ
ĳŵߵĵӶʱҶͰмɽԶսڣᰲȫ١
ǾڤԺĵӣиǰο٣ϴγʥط»ҪԶսϣնɱ
ʥصİǻõٱϣŷǺͳȻҶ⣬жҶ޸м
Ƕǳ˽ҶʵҶǸǳ߰ˣûκˡ
ΪŵӵİΣƤȥʥرӻʵ̫ˡ
ҶںȾƣÿﶼ˭ҲҶȣǳֹѡ
ڶһ磬ϷһҵĲϣеĹϷȫ𣬴ڶһ֡
Ѿϣǰǧ봫˻ߣɱ⡱Ļ˷׷ȥ
һЩ̭ʵֻøӵ۹⿴߽һʱ䲻֪ʲôζ
봫󣬲ûй涨˳ֻҪǰǧȥ
ԲĴһӱʮ鼷أ꿴һ۴һȷû˻ˮڴһġ
һۻڴϣͬѵħޣһ΢΢󣬿ռһŤڵĶʮȫʧ
˵ʧʥصӣ׷һ񣬴ŸԵķۣЩ̭ĵӣ뿪
˶ˣһ˫۾Ŵû뵽ξȻһ˼Сһ֪ǲǴ˵еǸˣ
ԭؾһ建ʧպУķϵĹųǣָֻš

ҶоԼ·ʱպ·ʮַ꣬·һ˲䣬ǰһһƬİ硣
ոս磬Ũﵽʵʵ֮ӭҶﾪȵŨȣʥػҪŨʮ
ĹˣȺɽ죬һ߼ʣԶս
ҶﲻһеһƬǹеĳȫһ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣԶսڵ̫ԶĵòѾ˱仯ǰǰһƬ
˺һŴлظҶӻҳһŵͼϸ˰죬ҵԼĴꡣ
ԭԶսϣݵ̽ô꣬ѾһֵĵΣҵһ԰ȫĵط
ﱻעһƬκ˲һ֣ᱻȺ
ΪǸϢõİȫ˵һλʥ䣬ǰ󷨣һӽͻᴥ󷨣ɱ
˵֮󣬻϶ȥȫϣȻ߻ĸʡ
ﲻԶʱڵޣսԹ飬ЩԹ鼫Ϊֲ
Ǿ˵ԶǿߵʱеԹ޷ͷţ֪ܵʲôӰ죬Ȼ۳
ӵһ壬ȴûǣƽʱͣĵط뿪
һ˼ŭǣͻ׷أֱɱΪֹݡ
оһλǿ̽Թĳޣһֱ׷ɱֱӵ磬û˦
ЩԹɱǿߣΪʶȥ·ʼͷԹޣͣɱ¾˺䶯
ǸʱڵǿߣеֽԶսӡ
ֱشٹǲŴԶս⣬¿Զս
Ҷﲻ׼ذȫΪ˵νİȫȫȥ֮ϻᱻϲ˵ʶ鷳
ڵģֲҪҲҪӣȥȥ
һ£ǰȫΧǰҪΣˡ
ҶﻹѡһЩŰȫΧһߣ۲һ˵
Ҷŵͼϵıǣǰɱշŷɳ˼ǧһŭСӣӲģ
Ҷһôô죬ʶչһʱǻһĨȡ
ҶǰﴦһӰɱϢֻڣεϣһѽСɽڵı־
ɽڵһӣ֪ոմͽ󣬺Ȼһͷɵľߡ
һϳͷһǿߣҶλǿ֮һһֱ̬
ͷ߼һ֣Ϊֻڣ붼룬ֱӶ
Ϊոʹù岻ãȻʹҩлָʮԭڵȻֻܷӳ׵ս
ɽڵĵӣֵ˼УȻͷڣǿû䣬ܹԸģۼУתܡ
ͷһǿߣһڵСӶò£ʱķں߷ֱ׷
ͷߵ춯ٶȼ죬ۿŸɽڵӵľԽԽȻ֡
ۣ
һʮɵĽ⣬ֱӶǸߵͷ­񱩵ȷӻͷ­ֱը顣
ɽڵУȻ죬תͷһͼͷ߱һĻɵŴ͡
ȻһɫӰɹǸһǿʬǰ˷ֻܵ֡ãսսͿϿˣ
ʦɽڵһϲ
ٺ٣СпڸˣȥңǸһľ˾Ӧɢ丽ҶЦ˵ȲǸһǿߵʬ壬ʼƤ
ɽڵҶҵʼѰϱ顣
ΪҶĹ̫ǿˣǸһǿߣڣһӱҶĴƼը÷顣
һŬķң֮⣬ҵһȭͷСӨ͸ľˡ
ǸɢǿҵĲȻһˮɷǺÿ
ɽڵӣصҶߵʱҶ˫ֽӡǰһͭ߶ء
ɽڵЩĿɿڴԭʦ˵ĳǵ⣬ŻǣҪ԰
ΪҶһεı飬֤һУɽڵӶʱһڿˮʦʵǿ
ʦ򣬸ˡɽڵ˫˽öˣصݸҶ
Ҷ￴һöˣɣǼˣƤȥǮСǳԵõģ
ɽڵӶʱһҪ֪߽޵ľ˰ǿмеıһЩС
˵ǸƤ㲻ӹҲƷĲϣһôֱ࣬һʾ޶Ƹ
ҶȻͷ̧۲ؾ͸ˣɽڵӶʱЩ֪롰⡭
ҶЩͷصʲôģһү±ģţ
ãҾˣԺʦʲô£ܷԸϵɽ͹ţǿҲһüͷţǿһظŬһº
ٺ٣Ͷˣ


293 
ʱҶѾĽƣһŨƮҶˮʪˡ
쵽ɣ
ҶҲ̲סˣֱӴӶ̳һι̵⣬ֱӿԡ
Ϊͭڣռ֮֮£Ӵ壬ֻи첲ϸ
ҶѾܹһͭɿƶڶĴ£ĸ첲ϸ⣬ոպá
̫ˣҧŷѾ̫СˣھûˣζƷ
ҶＸھͽһ£ʱ㣬ͬʱӦŸڵٵš
·ԼθҲ˺ܾãϸɺԵĴأƴˮ
һո¶ǣҶһ飬ȻţǿĿɿڴĿԼɵõŸʲôһ԰
ţǿЩͷƤ飬ǿһڵǿ߰߸ϵĴڣôˣЩܲˡ
ңУѵøղűֵүǡҶͲͣĳԣЩӵĵ
ţǿʱһҧҶ￴ˣһ˫ӣСһС⣬ֻĴָǴС۾ֱС
ҪǿڼĸУ븹֮ţǿʱɫһ䡣
ΪԼθ͵æ˹һʱǹʹĸоŻʧʹоʧʱоһˬ
֪ǿ߽޵ľʲôҩҪĲԼһѾ漫ˡ
˵ʲôҲڳһˣΪһ⣬һҪĸоһ鲻ܲ֡
ҶûǸ˼ɣţǿ˹ʱ䣬Ҷǿ겻֣ⲻڡ
ʱ󣬵Ҷٴȥʱ򣬲ɵһ󷢴֪䣬һѾԹˣֻʣһ֭±ߡ
ȥʱûⷹôô࣬һ߳꣬Ȼֻ˰˷ֱ
֮£Ҷֱӱͭʣµ֭ȫУһζ
ܳԵȫԹҶʱоһ̨ס
һȭӳռһ̶𣬾ХǰһСɽҶȭ顣
Ȼǿ˲ֹһҶһ˷ܣԴ󰵽޳ɵ׶κԼûôͣͲǰٴܲϲ
Ҷһ͵ţǿȻذȫҼϣͬʱǲҪң
ţǿͷ֪ҶǿֻҪʥӼĸ֣Ӧûʲôܹв
ţǿߺҶ΢һ£Χһʱ󣬾Ϳʼսڽ
Ҷһ·ʶɢǰ˰˾ǧ󣬳һƬɽⰻȻ˲
ݣ
ѩ
ףȻ¶黨
ҶﲻһսԶսΧͳôҩġ
Ҫ֪ЩҩĿɶǸ߽ҩģϵ鵤Ǹ¶黨׼Ʒҩ¶鵤ҩ
ǿǿϴıΪ벻Ͼͼһꡣ
ԶսǸͰҶ־͹ȥժȻһһʸֱҶ̫Ѩ
һΪȻǳҶ¶黨֮ʣҪҶɱ
ֻʸҪҶʱ򣬺Ȼͣ˰գһֱס
ҶﻺǶ¶黨תͷ͵ϮԼˣǸףҿҲݵ
˼ҶȻһֻ֣赭дĽԼһʱһ֪ߵˣæת񱼡
ҶǸһĨЦɱ˲ɾܣôõ£еļʸ˦
ۣ
ļʸֱӶ˵ţȥԶŹڵء
Ҷ￴һеĳƷ뻹Ҫѧӣڼֺܳüҡ
ְĿռֱָӳȫӽСڣûֻڼСϺףǸȥҶ㡣
ҶЩƣʵȥӣȻԼһ˵죬Ҫɱ˶ᱦ⡣
ǰнһξ룬Ȼһ˶Ҷӭն¡
Ҷһȭҳ
飡
ĽҶ𿪣Ҷﶨһֻһͷɳľ޴롣
ͨǳ̣ڲݴУѱ֣ΪȷʵѾﵽ˰벽
Ҷﲻº죬ŸոսԶսΧֵѾǰ벽ˣĶֲ
Ǹ뱻Ҷ𿪣ûܣһͦ糤һĴִžҶն䡣
Ҷʱˣͷ벻ޣħޣǻۼͣ˵ǿֱ治
ȻͷħԶ֣ΪŰ벽Ҷøʱ䣬һȭҳǾѴ󵶶ʱϣһȭݺݵԴϣʱҵķ顣
žҶ΢΢һҶһϲ֪䣬ԼѾˣֻҪۣò˶ãͿԽװ벽ˡ
ľ𣬼ǰнҶ￪ʼС࣬ϾԶսδ֪ΣմڣһСľͻԴ
ҶҪȻһɭϢǹϢոճ֣һѾ㵽Լĺġ
Ҷһǰӡ
͡һ죬Ҷﻹһ˿Ҷı󻮳һĿӡ
ǰѳޱȣҶ͵壬˿ֵסǰѳҶһº󱳾ͱٿˡ
Ҷ㿪һź󱳻ʹѪ˲Ⱦ˰æת󰵽޸ơ
ףĸ֪ȻܿұɱһͻȻռͬˮһһ۵ӣеĳڵѪ
ġҶ΢΢һ
һɫĻģضһеĳϱմȾҶѪ˦䡣
㻹ҾȣҲãһӾͱɱˣ̫û˼ˡĵؿҶһֻèڿһֱ
ҶǸһĨЦȪŶһȺù󱲣ô󷽵վǰͲ㣿
˼һĻô󣬻ǵһ˸ǰôǵһһЦ
Լ֣һֶֻ㡱Ҷﲻмĵ
ߺߣɱ֮Ȼȥʥصʥӣǲһ
˰ɣǸȥˣֻݣҰɣ
ҶﻺȡǹͬʱٻƽսƱӴƥ
΢΢һȻǿʱɳҲĻвңôͽնɱɣ
ҾͿмＸ
Ҷ˵겻ڷϻгǹͬǹûһǣֱĵš
ĲŲæгһڣֱҶĳǹϡ
飡
ҶеĳǹȻ类װըҩһ㣬񱩵ɼʮԶ
вЩ𾪣ΪһŵҶﳤǹ֮һҶ޷ȫ
Ǿȫһ޷ס𶯲ѡ
벻Сڰ벽ǰһɣ
˵껰еĳžҶն


294 ս
벻Сڰ벽ǰһɡ˵껰еĳžҶն
һӳƽ棬ʽٶȣͨͨ
ҶȴͫһΪܵں췢ħϸܵͬϢһЯ֮
ҶﲻҴ⣬һǹܣӲ˻ĵһ
䣡
֮ҶʱоΪ裬һɿֲײǹϡ
󣬾޴ϯ˷ԲˣԶսĵϣʱһӡ
ҶͬʱסΣҶһȻĵǿ֮ãȴȺ췢ħ̫ˡ
һеĳޱȣȻģҪһսˡ
Ҷ￴һڵԨȻٳ˯֪ʲôʱܹ
ҶﲻܰǿлѣԨƷճһ𺦡
ʱԭһĻϣڳһĨ𾪣ȫû뵽Լʹ֮κҶﲻá
𾪵ͬʱԽļᶨɱҶľģֲ̫ˣŻ۷ֿ֮ܵɳǻˣɱˡ
ת䣬һͺȣгһһ佣ֱҶȥ
Ҷ֣˻ĵֶΣ뽫潣ڽ֮УҶֱ治١
Ƕ佣ϰٵɣ˿Ŷۻң˵ֱһ潣ˡ
Ϊĵǻĵɱ֮һҲģĵ״ܶǿߣ֮ޡ
ҶҶ㲻ʶƾоҲֱܷ٣ΪֻĳҶΣյĸо
Ҷһȫ֮תǹֱӵڻ΢ƫһĵط
飡
Ķʱһ˵ɳȥڴϣرҳһӡ
䣡
һ죬ĵϷһŵĿҶСӣôֱٵģ
һпʮ꣬Ѿﵽ¯Ƿ켫ĵزʹܣҲѷֱ棬Ҷô֪ġ
׳գΪһ𣿡Ҷĵһɱ־ȻҲʳ⣬ǹ׳յġ
һظ侲صƽһУҲһֱôã
ҶľȻ˲佫Ϣѹ£Ǹɱֵģרҵ
һгٴչһֱҶȥҿô
Ҷǹһڣǹɵ򽣻һط
ĿҶﳤǹе·ߣ¶һ˿Ȼɡ
ҶҪ˲䣬ȻĵΪңֱڻĵĳϡ
ʲô
飡
һ󣬻ĵڶαɣǱֱ£ֱӽشһ׵Ĵ󶴡
飡
һӰӴзɳʱĻѾûе˸ղŵĴݵȫŭ
ΪҶˣˣΪҶϵٸı乥ƣ˴
ȻȻţȷҶ϶ʲôطܹе
СӣȻӣôҾͳԵ֮ɱɡĻؾеĳһĵ
Ȼǰ벽ǿߣܹʹ֮֮޵ģһָر
ԻܲûǾãŸþĽҪСĴɱҶ
Ҷﲻ֪ʲôطȻܹ֪λãûû취ˡ
ΪһΪڳϣɱֹںеƭԡ
һǵĽƭôǾͿ׾ٵƭ߶ԷɱԽֱѴ֮
ö֮ǶϰĹʽ԰ϰĶǼҶЩЧˣֻӲġ
ӲƴǱɱĵһֹʽһвУԶǧѰ´λᣬ˭ɵĸ˼Ӳƴǲɱ֣Ӧýд֡
ΪɱеߣȻҪ˼ӲƴȥԻɨء
˵ǻǸһӲƴ뵽߰Ļģһġ
һеĳݺնȫת֮֮ڽҶնɱĳ棬Բ˿
ҶľȻɱֵԭ򣬾Ȼʹ֮ԼӲƴɵð޳ܡ
û취ֻͦǹӭ
飡
飡
飡
Ҷ㾡ȫӲ˻ʮԶͬʱһѪ
ҶһǵѪһЦУ罻֣ϽԼڸӣԼˣʡûҪۣ
ԼιȻֻҶһѪɵаŭ
ʱҶԳĶʱŭڣһ缲籩Ҷ﹥ȥÿһ֮ХԲﶼǽӰӡ
Ҷһеĳǹӭϻĵĳ
һ鷽ԲǧµĴضѡ
ʮйȥ֮ҶһѪ̫֮ǿˣҶǿҲס
żȻҶͬκеһҶۣ·ʱ㸲ƫƫͦˡ
˴սĶԽԽԶսΧʱһĶ϶һЩ˹
Ҫ֪Զսһ򣬳Լ˭пܳΪˣսһ̣ͻһΣա
һƵʸˣҶʱѹ󣬲ҧͦš
Ͳˣ֮޵ģĺľ֮Կ˵
Ȼ֮ĻڱѣҲ𣬲Ҷ͵͵ڿкһƬڤ꣬Էĵƴ
һжйȥҶ϶ദѣѪȾ½󣬲Ҷû˿ɸ͹
ԽƴԽԾǻսôôǿ󣬼ֱǹ
һٶǰҶҡҡ׹Ʒ·ʱᵹ£ٶйȥҶ⸱ơ
ӲƴٶкҶѾѪоһܰεƫƫǲ
ƵѪ˭ܸңô£
ʱҲ̲סˣһһҶˣһĿҶСӣҷŭˣҾˣһҪ
Ҷｫвŵڤ£ϵ˲תЦ׳գɣүүǷüͷ
쵰ӲûõģҲòһֲţԽ㸶ۣҲҪɱ㣡
˵껰˫սƽ죬Ȼеĳһ𣬷·һ㣬һɼΪֲϢҶ
ҶﲻɵͫһܵһвǸвԻеĳ
Ŀеĳڵ֮ס֮Уһ˫۾ضҶܹ֮£Ŀˣ
ضŻҪеĳҶûлشظ֮ĳظգ·һޣԼſ
ȥɣСӡһЦ


295 
ȥɣСӡһЦ
˵껰ҪһնȻһ䣬˲һɣȻ³
ҧгݵصСӣˣ죬´μն㣡
˵껰תԶƬ̼ʧӰա
ҶͻȻתˣɵһ㶣չʶɫһ䣬һ𣬶һȥ
Ҷߺ󣬲ĹʮӰǸղսĵط
һŮȵֳԿһ³棬ǸŮӵ磬һӵ֮һûУȴսӣ˷ѽ⣡
˵ǸŮӶԸߣϷʥصʥŮ࣬еķ磬ʥӽݷ硣
ݷͷȷʵȻˣû뵽οУȻһ۷壬ܶԿ벽
ϵѪӦ³Ѫ˿ģһǿޱȣ
˽ݷķü˵᲻Сӣ
̫ܣСӲŻ߶ѣܶԿ֮ǴսۼϣֲĴν
ˣҪΪЩ·ˣǻһ̽գһѰǸСӰɣץҾԻһҧгݵĵ
ݳߺ˼ˣ׷׿һսۼ󣬾뿪ˡ
ûߣڳΧת˼Ȧѩҹ꺮
ѩ忴һµϵĺۼȷһǴ磡
ҹ꺮˵ͷһʹǽǽ貢ߣȫƾ֮ϴս
ʥʥŮĿܾͲˣܹһս͸ϴƴĿɶǵˣ
ϴĵУʥʥŮģֻһˣ
ѩ۾һģ
ҹ꺮˵ͷѩǸϽȥѰҴɣϻ̫Σˣ
ҹ꺮ҡҡͷ̫СϴˣбֶΣǸϴľԽԽˣҪԼԺϴ󣬶ĿսҲˣ
ҹ꺮ĻѩһĬǶǸ췢ħĲɱҶһ˸췢ħƴʱǵľ͹һܡ
ѩͷ˵ĶԣǷֿɣҪսҵҵĻԵһϲ
ҹ꺮˵ͷ˵ıӰʧֻеϵĴɿյ

Ҷʶ˽ݷ࣬ʱæɱʱǣʮа˾ŻС
ֱɳʶǳһȥҶʱһ
ͬʱҲеޱѻ𣬾Ǳ֮סԼҲ֮ôܻôǱ
Ҷڵո׼ھȥͻƿҪԼԼÿһߵļΪ̤ʵԺд档
Ҷһ·ǰУһ·ָԼԪͬʱҲԨɣһȴ֮ء
ղ齣֣ôܱĴôǱֳǹټɽŰ
Ҷһ£ԶսҪһʱ䣬ұһʱԼ֮ء
Ҷкܶ࣬ΪԨڳ˯ܲû¾ɣΪˣûûãͣһ¡
ԪԼոմƿҪԶϳƣҲҪʱ䡣
ҶȻ۾һԼ󰵽һֱͣڵ׶ΣҪĽ׶ΰ𾳣Ҫǿ
Դϣֳɰǡ׻ԶͷԾͳ԰
뵽Ҷ˷һ֣˾͸ɣҶЩ¡
ҶһתϸһĨЦתʧԭء

ϷʥصĵӣһɫĳۣСǰȻǰһӰ
˼˵Ӱʱһ󾪺ΪϳǸ˵ݣȫʥץҶ
˼ƵĻ֣׷׳Ҷնȥһ󶣶ôʧˡ
Ƭ̹ҶﴩһɫۣؿĿϷʥر־ɷ
˿ӽʬ֮жžӽԼһ£һǿ׳죬Ŀĺģ
ҶžҿжʱֱͶأǸո̵ģѧˡ
һûаҶķʼĴε

ڤԺһС飬ո̤սΧͱһǿסһߵСǣĻϽ˵ǸҶ٣
ԺУһΪﵽڵĵӵһǲ֪Ҷʦֵ٣ڶǾ֪Ҳǣ
һǿߣһڣһڣûнСӷ
û뵽˾Ȼ˲ʶ̧٣ɵɫһȵ𣿡
ߣô˭ܹǶҪѧҶ磬۲䣬Ҫȡͷɣǵ˭Ӳ
ԺصһĵǸƾǣӾҲ㸶ۡ
ԺӣҲ׷׳ؿǶˣ˭ỳƴľġ
νӲģӲºģ²ҪģȻǶΪߣƴҲһ󵨲
вСආֵðգŹǣʵڲġ
һ壬СëӸסˣԺǳΪЦ
ڵǿߣߵȻǲʰ̧٣Ǿȥɣ
Ҫ˳һɲǣһȴ
ס֣
һȹһɫۣǿ׳죬һ·һ㣬һҡ
ֻϵϢû¶ȴ²
Ϸʥصˣһ壬ǾڤԺһ
ڤԺ˿֪ҶϷʥصĹϵ˼ʥӵĵܵܶˣǲݵˡ
ʱ֣Ȼ֪Ϊʲôֹһ壬ǹҲûʲôġ
һλǿߣһʱ䱻ǸϷʥصǿ߸סˣҶһȭһ࣬ʸϷʥһλ
֪ǸϷʥصˣûǣǿһߵڤԺǰȻǸģ
Ȼûһۣʱɫһ䣬һ˫ȭͷĸ죬
ǸڤԺӣֺ֪ˣɴܹصǾڤԺĵӣкμ̣
̣ȻˣӺ°޵ָ֣һ¡Ҷǳɧһ˦ͷȻ
ŶָʲôȻоǰڴţƣǲ֪ΪʲôһϤĸо
ָǵǣ˵ôϻʲôֱӿˡҶЩɸֵ
λһǿ߶ʱŭһҶŭС˵ʲô


296 
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һֻƺݺݵسϣ󣬿ֲƥһڵΪ࣬⧲֮£Դֱӱ飬ԽһƬ
ʣµһǿߣλڤԺĵӣɵˡ
ֱʬ屻ķɣڿлָ˳һٶɳı壬صڵϣǲŴлظ
쵰㡱Ǹʣµǿ߶ʱŭӣָλӣ˵
Ǹǿ׳죬òһҶһȻΪԺӣһ
ͳ۸һЩСӣҶＫΪŭʶ־顣
һҶӽָͳһ׵մŵѪɾ
ǸĶ·𲻲һڴܵѪմϵĻҳһ㣬ݵ
øɾ֮Ҷؿƣб۾Ǹʣµһǿߣмص뱻ĻͰĹצӷ£
Ǹһǿ߶ʱŭǸ߰һ壬ɻľᵽɱǻܡ
ǿҶǸ񣬶ʱһԤУԼֵĻԻϱ
㵽˭һϷʥأˮˮΪζ´˶֣Ǹһǿߣǿѹеķŭ
ΪΣɱҪ𣿡Ҷüëһޱŵĵ
㡭ɸ²ô˵ġһǿ߶ʱŭɽң̫ˡ
ߣϷʥصλȻݷСӼңĹؽһүƾҲ䡱ҶﲻмЦһһĳ
ž
һ죬Ҷֱ˦һǿߵϣǰûаףʱѾС
һǿ߶ʱ´󺧣ʱĲ״ʱӡ
ҶȻǿ󣬵ǲֻǽɳʮԶ
Ȼûһǿ߻Ǳ˰죬ŻظԼȻš
үүȥתƽϴԼĹͷҸ˻߲˵ʱ򣬶ȥ
һǿߣݺݵؿҶҴΪ֪ԼҶֻᱻɱ
ţ˭һ岻ôǵģϷʥؾ͵һıɡһǿһݻֱߡ
Ҷһȴֿ˻뱨ðñøһЩɡ
ҶŴ֣ʬպãתҪ뿪ȻڤԺͷӣѵ£Ǳ߻ͷϣһöأ
ȻûϳҶǷˣȻûˣǲûΪǣҶһ¡
ҶƲƲ죬мصĶ쳤ëˣүɲںҪȥɣ
˵껰Ҷת뿪һȺĿɿڴľڤԺӣǺðζû˵
ǿ߽޵ľ˰һڣȻôˣҲ̫˰ɡ
˵߽׾˶ÿ쳤ëˣǻǵһ޾гëһ˵
Դ磬ôое㲻ðһڤԺĵӣɻĵ
ǸΪԴͷûصңҲӽϷʥصôְܻǣ
ҶˣԶҶİͷϣһöˣɢǿ
˶һۣǸԴСͷǸһżֵǵ߽׾˰õöˣսʲôûõҲû
ΧʼûжԴؽȡֱָУԼ˴˸ƣĵ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ԴЯö뿪ʱҶѾ˼ǧ֮⣬ʱѾͷǰƤȥ࣬ȫϴɾڶпʼˡ
ƮҶﲻ̾ȻȾ˹ɫؼǲ
ǹһףǰʱҶûԹ⣬ΪӡУһ̷ǳߵҳޱȣôĳǵ⡣
˵⣬ֱΪ⣬Źɢ㣬֪Ȼ鴫
Ҷһ߿̿ˮθѾһƬˣҶЩŭ䲻ʲôǰճһ𣡡
ҶԽУԽǸе̲ס̳һȳҧһںζҶ޲ڡ
ͷѾˣΪ򲻵⻹ûȫ죬ЩطѪ˿
ҶֻܽŻضڼ⿣ԪתӴҶﲢרţȻԪض֧䣬϶Ȳ˼ҡ
ҶﲻŷˣڣֲĻ֮壬Щտ飬ٺʲˡ
ŷ֪Ҷ뷨ԻƴȻһ֮壬ÿ͸Щջ£ԻŭԹ
ŷǵľݣϻ𱬵ģһ̿ˮ
ҶҲЩΣԴӳȻֺԸоŷԼһĤ
ں˼䣬һʱȥˣŨµ㣬Ҷлѡ
ûбڣҶɴſͭϣһһ飬ڵ㣬Ҷĸһ㣬ʲôˡ
ΨһҶЩźǣûоƣ͸ˣⲢûеҶĽȣʱͨҶͬǸһĿԣһͷǣҶĶӡ
ҶֳԳ˵ĸо΢΢ĶӣҶһá
ϥԪתһŻľȫ
ӿҶǿÿһϸڻĺ
һʱҶﻺ۾һָ󰵽תǸָɽɫð
Ϊ󣬷ɢһɿֲѹ·һָܹһ㡣
Ҷ©һ˿Цݣ󰵽ĵĽ׶ΣɵһЦ
ܺãȻܹ󰵽Ľ׶ΣǳҵԤϡͻأҶԺ
ôô˵ˣе㲻㰡û뵽õľ˵ˡ
ظһЩҪһ£չһ
˵Ԥϣѵ󰵽𣿡ҶﲻЩɻ󰵽ʵؽ׶Ѱ
󰵽ǵؽսûڷĻҶͷһ
Ƿʲô˼Ҷʵ
ϰ졢ءĽսڷڷ֮鼶鼶ս졢ءף󰵽鼶ؽս
˾ĻҶԺһû뵽Լ·ԵĹƬȻһ
󰵽ǳϢǵĽ׶Σܹ޳ɵļ٣ΪǸϰģԶһĴй
һŴͣԶһĴйϢ̫ˡ
ĻҶӴ͡
󰵽ֻĸ׶ΣС塭


297 
ҶﾪеôܣƬأ󰵽ĸ׶Σͭƽ𡢰𣬰׶߷壡
Ҷһֱ󰵽ĹϰһһѾ͸ˣô֪е岽
㲻Ҫȣ͸˵ˣ󰵽ԶһĴؼϵֻȡ󣬸ʸƹĸ桭
ҶԶʱڣһǸʱһ۷ڣʲôһ壬һ壬˼ЬʸûС
شٹһѾǵĴҲʧˣѾû˼ǵİˡ
Ҷе󰵽һİ汾ԶһĴУֱ֮𣬵ѾҶˡ
Ҷﲻ𺧣ԼѧһƤëѾͬ޵ˣôԭ󰵽жǿ
ҶЩص֪ԭ󰵽𣿡
Ǳ˿ܻ᲻֪ǡһļ¼ȲҪ˷̫ܵ磬ΪҪ󰵽ҪһĴۡ
ʲôۡҶһ
ǾҪϰ󰵽ϰΪһϢ󰵽ԭᱻͬ
Ϊ󰵽ΪԵһϰҶǰΪȫûˣҲ޷ٻƽսͭսҲٻһֻ
ô㻹ҪѧϰΣصĵط㻹ǽѡɡȰ
ҶĬһ£ȨһѧһҪѧģֻѧ֮ǰҪһЩ׼

˵Ϸʥسһţ죬ԳʥӵүСнʱһСһ˵
Ϣʹˣû˲֪նɱһһӣǸݽɫ
ϷʥشϢ˵Ϸʥؾ˴ڣǸʥӽݷñף
˵ϷʥصصӺˣüλƴ˫˲ˣ
ԭ⼸ΪŵġϷʥصӡʱɱĵӣʴʣ̣˲Ѫƴ¼
˫ߵĸ߲ʱ˾п׷׸±ߴֹͣ
⻹ûսأͳԴҶ˫Լ£ͻ࣬ȴȫ⡣
˫Ǹ߰ˣһ䳰ȷһˣʹǽݳƽҲû취
صһ壬ΪֹǵѾʮնɱʬ޴档
ǷŭѣϧһдҲҪһץ
һʱϷʥأһǣ׷࣬׷̽صˡ
ҲɹҶǺܿͱǷˣΪǲΪҶ￿Լһˣô䶯飬һ벽ǿ߸ɵġ
Ȼءĺܺãûʹó֮ÿγĳ棬ضѣھûʵ
һʱǷ׷ײҿԵİ벽ǿߣûʱȥΪɽں;ڤԺĵӣǰȻĽս
һ죬˺Ȼ֣ǸصġϷʥǿߡаʥصĵӣһСġ˷֣Ҫɱڣȴˡ
Ϣһº䶯ˣֱĵ˵Ǹ˾ǳʥصˣʥصĵһ̸ˡ
һʱϷʥءһ壬׻һ壬һìͷָ˳ʥأҪ۸˵
ֻػӦ˲ǳʥصˣûˣȻмǱʲô
ЩĸŵķŭԳʥ˲ٺ֣ʥҲǵģҲʼһʱ˲ȷѪꡣ
ǴֵʱصˡҶѾ˳սΧԵشһû˵ĵطԼԭòרء
ҶŶڵ㣬Сڶѳһɽʬ壬ɵһ㣬ҲҪ׼гģиջ
Ѿ׼ˣ󰵽ҰɡҶ
Ҷν׼Ҫ⣬ǸƷʵ⣬Щ̣Ÿ
ͨһʱɱҶΪһֻҪ룬ʱԽ벽Ѿû̫˼ˡ
áҶʶеľ΢΢һһӴϢҶԺУҶǿʶιȥ
ȵǹϢȫӡҶԺеʱҶﲻһ˷ܡ
Ϊ󰵽ű׼ʮ֮Ҳ
棬ŶôǿˣôԺǿʲô̶ȣ붼һ˷ܡ
ԭûҶΪĹ
ҶȻʱ䣬ܽİ󰵽𾳣þͻ룬Ҷп󰵽
ҶﻺĿ󰵽Ԫ·ߣ˹
󰵽Ԫй켣ԭһ㶼һҶ˲ʱ䣬ģʽס
䣡
ҶڷһҶ﷢Լ󰵽ܵһʧˡ
ðԵĹҶת󰵽һͷһֻӵһ㣬ֱһŽҶ顣
ۣ
Ҷһ񶶣һѪǲ΢΢ѺۣѪ
Ҷﲻȷϲ󰵽Խ񱩣˵Խ
ԭʧ֮ҶĿʼ󰵽ԪҶоԼľһʹ·Щܲסǹһ㡣
Ҷﲻк죬ԼȻ󰵽ʧˣǿȲûиı䡣
󰵽ķȻ嶼Щܲס
ʱףΪʲô˵󰵽Ͳܹġ
Ҷ̬Ҳֻܸոչŵżʻ˭ܹ
ҶԪУҶӦǿȣҶֻ¡
һǳ⣬һ󰵽Ҷθ󣬴һٳǺͰ׻һٳһͷ
ÿγ󣬾ת󰵽ʼǹǹΪҶ󰵽Ҫȼϡ
Ҷһǧԭ󰵽ҶҲڶ̶̵ѾԽ֮ͭɫȭͷ
ҶȭͷϵĿֲѹȻϴٻİָҪǿ࣬ҶӶʮˡ
ʼƴ⣬ѾںʲôζζˣֻҪܳԵУʱȲˣҶȥܵٶȡ
֮ͭɫѾԸ˫ۣǿˡ
ʮҶѾԽ֮ͭɫȫֲԼоһļ¡
ֱʮ죬ҶһһɿֲѹϯԲԲеľۡ
ҶﻺվΣԶս΢΢һЦʵʱˣҪģžӪĲǷĵң


298 Ѫԭ
ԶսޱߣΧشݵĵǣǰƽϣܹײԼĻԵ
ΪƬսʵ̫ˣǿߣݴۼλ
ƬսѾ޴׷ˣʵ̫Զûκιļ¼
սΧһɫ۵꣬һˣݵĳȭŵԪɽ
ʬ壬ѪȵģȻոȥá
ʱĸԪɽһֵĿǰˣŶµҶŹңԸⷢһдۣ
ӵҶЦһûȤȻϷʥصˣ͸¶Ժӵ٣͸һˣ
ú£ȵͰƷ֣°Ѿ±ߵˣ㲻įģøҵлˡҶ˵꣬һԪɽʱĲӱϣصڵϡ
Ҷֽеĳȡֻ˸ˣɢſֲѹ
ǿûϧˮƽҲ˷ѣҾ㱣˰ɡҶؽ
ϵһۣת뿪ˣҶɱĵ߲ˡ
һģϷʥһʣµľǰƷ塢Ⱥȭŵ
Щһʵ̫ɣ֪ԼϷʥд𣬾Ȼ͸¶ڤԺӵ٣ҶＴʹеǸСӣûһܹ
Ҷһŭ֮£ҲˣֱѰǵ䣬˼ʱһһɱ
ͨ⼸սҶڵѾһٽ㣬ʱᱬͻƵ벽
ҶﳢϴѹȺͻƵͷѹΪǲͻơ
Ѿȥһ£󲿷ݵӣԶսҶﲻڵ飬

Ҷĳ֣ǵļ䶯Ѿǹ˵ķɣΪ̫
һʼҶһֱ伣ܶΪҶѾأ࿴Ҷ˲ʧ
ΪҶԶŴǰıʵ̫ǿˣµƣ˶ססǸΪֻл߶ѵĺꡣ
ܶ˶ΪϧͬʱҶȴճնɱһʥĵӣʱȻ󲨣һȻͣˡ
ͬʱҶĳ֣ҲùˣĲ٣һﻹĻš
ֻŴҶޱߵսɢˣеĵطԲûһ̽ն飬ϢֻΧһ֡
սϰһտĻĮϣһ֮սӰڼҵײ
䣡
ı죬رɫռֲǾ磬Χǧһӡ
飡
һ죬ӰֿһӰгѩһصصȻ鴫ǿƥ
ֳһѷ컭ꪵİȻ޵еս񣬿ŶֵҲֻǲ֪˭ǿһЩ
ΪҪһֱ׷ңʵ
ΪҸоֵܵɱ⡱ؿ
ǸСӺ֣Һɱô࣬Ϊƫƫ׷ңЩ⡣
ΪҾвֵܾ㲻УҲܹԱ
ЦСӻŵģң
ԡз컭бָ۵
һ֮Уδһܣôʹһսɣ˭ܻ߳۳һЯն쵶⣬Ű

˵£ѪԭϣԶԶλʥӴս춯޹⣡
Ҳ˵ˣضҪˣ˵ܶˣ
ԶԶӰϳһǳʥصʥۣһгһѷ컭ꪣΪ̫Զûϳ˭
߰ɣܶѾϹȥˣҲȥ˵ж˵ս־ǹȥҲԸһ
һЩǣ˵Ϣ󣬷׷Ѫԭȥ
ѪԭλԶսԵ֣ѾԶսķΧΧ
ĴһƬɫ˵ΪŴܵѪȾģɲ䡣
һ۵꣬˵ۺ૵ص磬Ϊ˸ע𣿡
ҶϢ󣬵һӦǰڷɢ˵עͬʱҲڶһЩ塣
ϾҶĹϵ˭֪߱ˣ˭ǸҶҶΪС
ҶﲻЩΪǣΪ̹ûаʤۣҶҲܹ۵Ŀֲ⣬ȷʵ̫ǿˡ
Ҷﲻԥ̧ǿеѪԭȥҶڵ˵ĵص㡣
֮󣬷ԲĴѾ˷棬ݺᣬֲѹ档
ļµǣſֲս־һ־ϵѹȣΪﵽһּµͷš
ʱƬǰվǧˣܶ˶ǹǵ־ģϣܹͨӡ֤ܹԼһ
аϵ˶õģɼ۵Ĵκ䶯õˣûв֪֡
սҶܵһĵ⣬ܹȷһɡ
һɰ죬˻ĵ־ǰû־ҶϤ
˶սǧҵĵطͣ˽ŲΪǰǾܲˡ
ΪﲻǶ˵־ʱѹǿĲһܹġ
ղžмˣսĿոнͱֲѹ
ҶûЩսĿ£ҶĶʱ˵עĿ
УһģʥӼսطҲһССܹģ˷ҶܵΪм֮鲻κΡ
Ļ䣬Χ˾ͷһǻΪǽսʮֻһǻΪɣ
ûĻǸ˵еҶ˲²Ҷݡ
ȷʵڴ˵⼸ǳǿᣬһ·նɱ˲ٴĵӣ
УǻΪ˼Ҷǰ棬Ÿںɱ˼ҵСܣʱ˿Ҷ˷Ц
ĶѾʼԶսĵطսѪԭĶһЩΪĵӡ
Ҷ֣ȻնɱһЩĵӣǶһЩԽģʶЩ˲ΪҶӲ
ʲôУҪǲҲɱɱʥӵܸǿվ˵ۡ˵ĻʱһЩ˵Ĳ
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ҶﻺսģսҵʱһǿѹҶײ
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ǺűеҶɫһĨ̵Ц⡰Ҷ˭ҲȲˣһսܾˣҿ㻹˭
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ӣǸڵĵгȻһǿҶˡ
Ҷﲻɵһ㶣û뵽ڵĵӣȻܹô˵
Ҫ֪ҶղŵһȭͨڵĵӣԳɳܲסȴǳɵصסˡ
ҿ䷢ӳʵѾӽ۷壬ҶΪԾġ
ô֪ʮ̫ˣСˣ޾ľУӭɡҶһ֮ɫǺһЦ
Ҷһûͣתͬһȭͬһֻڵĵӡ
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⵹һǳĶҶ˼ΪŨȤÿζͬ˹
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󷨿ܹʮ˵ǸҶҪ鷳ˡ˿ҶĲ
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ڳͶųˡOΣɣӵ۷ǿߣôˣ
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һҧǿֲĽٻһֱɵȦζƵԼǰ
䣡
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飡
һ죬ͬģֲ±ߴѡ
ǰֱϣӲǱҶҳȭӡӦȭɣڰ³һѪ
ɼҶֲ̫Ѿ͸ףˡ
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һɿֲ˼ɳʯͬƽĺͶһըһ㣬Զȥ
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кϷˣҶǿƳȻϷʥغ塢廹а׻һע⣡
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ҶȻ̲񣬵ǲ߾սѰԵʥҲûһս֮Ȼ˲ҶҲһЩ˷
һɽ֮ڣһڰɽһƣϱ߸ֳһЩķţºʧˡ
ΪѶƣһķΧڣһЩϢ
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ʱİɫ΢в԰ףϢ΢Щ̧ͷԶȴһο

һƬʯ֮Уͬ쵶ʵۣеĴѶƣκͽֵҳֹ֣ҵģ
۵΢΢һ¼ϵ˿ڣȻѾˣ̺Ŀֲ־һֱƻ

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ݷҡҡͷҪСʧҶҪģǴ£ǼǰߣҪ׵ɽȣҹζ࣡
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ͬʱҶѪԭսϢͨѶƣĴ޼壬ԵõϢ
һ塢׻һһ壬޲ýҶƤѾԶսˣȥɱҶ˷̫౦ľ
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Щ˵ϧλᣬϾǿĻԵҪǿʵܵõ
ҧгݣСܵϢʱСȫ̾Ҷ磬ͼͣ

Ҷﲢ֪ʥؼдѶƵĴڣ˻Ǻ֮Ҷ뿪ѪԭֱԶս
һ·ۣڵڶʱҶȻǰһӰǱӴܣһϣʱܵС
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֮ʣȻһӰסԼ붼룬гն
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ǸɽڵĵӣʱſҶףʱһɣ˹ȥ
ҶæץסһۻԪȥͬʱһڤҺ壬ĿС
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˵˵ô£
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Щʯͷһ֣һɼΪŨʯ
ҶͷʵطԷʲôˣңȥǱ𣡡
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Ҷһ·񱼣ٶ˼£һʱϵɽڵĵط
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һ͵ϮҶ˶ʱ飬ͬڵһɽϣɽһ
Ǹ˿ʮ߰꣬ΪѾﵽڣҶĿֲ֮£Ѿεڵϡ
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Ϊɽڵĵλǿߣ͵Ϯǣ˲䣬ֻһӳ
ȻûעǵòΣȴסǵΪҶлܹȷϣΪ
һ˵ǲ֪ʲôˣ̽գȻ͵ϮǣȲѷ
͵ϮǣҶһЦɵӰǲˣ͵Ϯǿߡ
סȻǲҶɽôһжˣҪ֤ˣֻҪûɱС
ҶﻺǶǶ˶ʱЩţȻҶǻ߶ѣû˸СһĴţ˵ˡ
Ҷ̫ǿǲʥصĵӣʥΪ𣿡һȵ
ʥأҶƲƲ죬ʭӶ˲ҧˣĶ˲ˣѾˣٶһʥأҲںˡ
Ҷɲ𻰣ֻЦ˶ʱ󼱡ҪɱǣҲѾʥŮ·ϢˣϾͻòҪ
Ҷû˵شǵȭͷ·ؼ޴Ӷܡ
ʥصǿߣҶֱβҶһй·һҧһ׷ֵ
飡
Ҷȭͷ˵ıϣֱֲӽǵı飬صǵϣ˶ʱһ̯ࡣ
Ҷ￴Լȭͷһ˷ܣԭ󰵽ʵ̫ǿˣٻͭս壬֮ǰĻƽսˡ
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ɽҶ￴ľʬ壬ǿѾòΣһǶϳء
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䣡
ȭӣضɽҡ˹±ǧĻɽʱĨƽֲϯ
ƵһɲǣҶʱеһĺԼڣһ˲嶼ԡ
ҶﲻһŮ˵ĸղһУȻ⺬֮һĺ
ǹĺǸ֮ĺߣ֮Ҷڵģƻ֯
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ۣ
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ҶȻûһЩ죬صܹҵĺ澢û벽֮ǵһˣˣҲֵýˣ
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Ҷ￴һĮмصǲʥЩĵˣû˼Ϊǽ㳤ðװ׾ģô˵һЩûӵĻ
ɫһǸ߸ϵʥŮ˸˵ʱü
˵껰һҶԹһοˣôٴϵ㿪һƣֱһС
ҶﲻԼӲƴҶһţмصСһҲˣ
Ҷһ֣һʥʥŮȻԼˮǷǳȤҸսԵΪֵһԡ
ʲôѵʣŮһ˼ʣµŮˣҿûȺáҶһСĶ֣һߵ
ȥȻʥŮˮļȻҶʱŭ
þȻΪʥŮͷ㣬ʱŭɽңʽԽԽ
ҶﲻҸӲƴǹɹĺʵ˼ɵȻǸֻһֻʹá
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ȥǰȥţͻȻ֣һʣµʣŮأɶضĹϹƱҪĶࡣ
ҪըˣϾ߰ˣûҶĵˡ
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һ̶ļУҲûʥŮĸ䣬ͬһøһ㣬Ҷ񹥻
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һ֣һɿֲϢɢֽУڵ֮תԽԽѹҲӵĿֲ
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ȻѾŭˣѾϧ֮ҪҶɱ
Ҷһ˲ܵв˵֮ͨڵٻͭսѾǿˡ
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Ҷһһҧһ֣һڵ߳ҶУڻеõ
ߣҪΪֻҲУҵҪǵ˭ǿ˵껰Ҷ۾ƻ
һ˿мЦһ۾Ӵ֮룬Ƭ̺ڳ˵һ졣
ϸһĨ΢ЦѾԳˣ۾Ҷ
㵵ҶѾʧ̧ۿȥǧ֮һӰɱҶﻹ˭
쵰һķˣһЪ˹صĺС
Զ񱼵ҶһƲ죬ǰ׳ûǰɱתۼʧߡ
ۣ
ʱŭģһѪͬʱǰΪע֮ڱıԵٲҪַˡ

һʵĺУ۵Ĵ֮ϻ䡣
䣡
һ촫ѾɳҶˡ
ҶﲻĨһ亹ʥŮֲ̫ˣȻǿ̫ࡣ
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һ񣬺пܻΪɣʶ׷ҶֻĿҶߡ
ŵϣԲǧӷʱҶѾɳʮľ룬ʼط½Ų
Ҷ϶һƷʯֵذһԽԽϲԽԽ
ٺ٣ҶҷԽԽˡҶԺ
ҶҲԲѵص㷢̫ˣʵһֱô
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㵹ȷʵֹۣô׷ɱɻôЩûĵ
ôһǻĻţҺΣʱܹͻư벽ʱҲʹ֮ʲô
ΪԼͳΪ벽ˣôôǱ
һӵ֮ΪҲԸʥӼܽаˡ
ʵ֤ķǶԵģΪ񵯻ɣѹԽݱľԽ㲻ڵĳɾ͡ҲͬҶ
Ҷһ߸죬һǰߣȻֳһСӣһ򼲱ȥ
Ҳû⣬ȻСӣҶǰҶһۣ֮ǰС
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Ҷ·ֱһ£Զսڣֱ죬ҶڿǵĿĵء


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Ҷ·ֱһ£Զսֱ죬ҶڿǵĿĵء
ӳҶһԲĸɽǧֱƶˣ
ڴɽм䣬һֱѷ죬ɽһΪˮɽ仺
ûٽɽһƲ񷣬նѵصĻ⣬Թ﷢
ǹɳ콣ǰ˶һ㣬ֻ֮ģ㷴á
ҶոǴɽʱ򣬶סˣһֽ־ûбĥնһˣöǿ
Ҷ￴һµͼȷһ꣬ﱻעģΪ콣ϿȣԶսԱȽϰȫĵط
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ΪнǽԶսıؾ֮أΪܹԶŽʥ־һ˿˿ܹ
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ҶɽǧɵӣȻѹֹʱ򣬼ˣԭǽޡ
ҶʶſǧУͱϣеɽ´е΢ƫϣǧ
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ȻĻԻĵԸôôķԼǰߣʵǾֲ̫ˣ̶ʳ
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±ߵҲ׷ȡԽԽ࣬Ȼ絽±Ժ࣬ɹʺܴ
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Ҷ΢΢ͷֵصɣԺ²Ҫ£үǳ
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Ҷ˹ָǸһǿߵûԷһƵĿ⿴ʱҪԥȭͷɾ룡
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Ѫ죬˻ûҶĹ֮ʱʮһǿߣԡ
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ΪЩɣûعЩѾ˳ȥعʣԼϸһˡ
Щ˲仯ԭͣһӽһСɽ

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СȻСȴ̺޾Ľ⣬⵹ҶеΪ档
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Ҷһ£ֱӽ콣ݣֱӸ򶫵СӱֵĲ콣ǽģ
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лү
ҶͷԺ۸Сɵĵӣ̫ûϢѾǷսǲҪʥͷԺǣ͸ɱ
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ͬСһ㣬ֻеͷķݡ
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ΪԽϣѹԽǿڽĸ򲻴ﵽһ磬ֻᱻ־ˡ
һֽ־˸һӾͷˣѹû˸ҳء
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ǰү屡죬ʥӵĻöãǸү죬Աǿˡ˲ʼҶݷԱ
Ҷһʼɽʱ˼Ϥףϳɽڵĵӡ
ɽڵĵһ޽ڽ򼫸ߣʶΪߣȴ̤ɽ塣
Ҷ￴һۣһоˣŮӣˣȻǸȻ콣ʱ˵ġ
ȿĶϿڣ֪ǶǽգñԼҪ
Ҷ̾һЩССӰչչˣôԵ˼ƺ
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ΪǼ˵Ŀ£Լֻǰװ뿪ȴʵڲġ
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ʶȴǵǸϿȥԼһܻΣգ
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ҶſֲĽ־ʱҲܵ˼ѹⲢܸвǰȥ
ϹһĨЦݣֱȥ


305 ˰
ϹһĨЦݣҶֱȥ
ڵأ˾ȻƺںֲĽ־һ㣬ȻԼ
ɵһ֪ԼŰ벽ΪߵģԽҹ꺮λöﲻ
жΪԵ˼Ϊɵ·ԼߣҶһͷ΢Цʾһ¡
ҶбۼƲ˻һۣߵЦʲôЦ˭ЦˣѾЦ𣿡
ȻҶ˵Ŀǻǵ͹ޣҪ֪Ŀǰ벽ǿߣʥӼǿߣˡ
˶ҶﺬЦкȻһĺǳ⣬ж˵Ŀһµ֪
㡭
ĶʱŭûһֻֽذŽʱ֡
ҶĶӶ°һ̧ǿ׿ŻĵôţŲһ£Ϸʥصˣ̰㿳⽴
Ķʱһ˱͸һɲĸоټʥʥŮоҲ뿪Զս
һҧݺݵؽĵŭѹ£ȻžвʥӼǿߣҲȫˡ
ŽԶսʲôôû̵ô͵һǿʥء
ΪڽսǰѾΪɱҶ˰ٵϷʥغ롣ԸҲͬʱʥء
ıԼסˣҶбжˬˣѹ˵ĸоǺãֲʥصһôţƺġ
Ҷһʶ࣬үҲƽϣ㲻һôİ
˵ҶģɽϽ˸ͦɽƵıӰ
ĸϽתͷȥҶıӰٿȥҪ̲סָɵ
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Ҫ۸۸ǿߣгɾ͸УЩƽʱֻ۸һСϺ׵ĵӣ޾ĺա
ҶǿһͷǼʶˣ۸õĳɾ͸ʵ̫ǿˡ
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ӲʮţһʶģһΡ
Ϊ콣Ͽȣз紵󣬺ѽұ콣ݹγ
ƽʱһ콣žӶ࣬ϴһγʮţǴģıˡ
Ҷ֮̽Щ콣ݱͳǹߵķ磬εУ̺˿ֲĽ־һȺȡ콣ݣȡûʲôһСľҪпֱۡ
ҶﴦϷڣеǿҶһּ̽ͬ滨ʮΡ
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˵ȡ󣬻ʣ߿콣·ȥһʱǧҶᣬʱһҡ
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ĵĻʱɫһ䣬Ҫ˰Ļðõ콣ݣҪװ׽ȥ
ҶЦû˵һ˵벻ʮ콣ݣ˰ģ
ҶĻʱ˶һǶʱ֪ˣ˼үˣ̰е콣ݣֻԻһˡ
Ϊе˶ϣҹ꺮ڣֻлĵջ콣ݳʮš
ĵͬʱҶϷʥλүľ֮飬ʲôаͽаר۸ǿߡ
ЩСһ˼۸ûǸʸİơ
ĶǰһֱǺ޵˹ǹ˼ͱصҪն٣
Ҷۿڳһҧгݵֻһ˰İɣ
Ҷô˵ŭƾʵҪţ
Ҷһֻ֣ţ
ôʱһȡʮ߿콣ݣȻһ¾Ҫʮ֮һɵͷѪ
һֻ΢΢ЩĽ콣ݣԭһ۵ģһǱġ
ҶЦؽ콣ϷһĨЦһ


306 ˣ
ţʲô˼㲻˵ֻһ˰𣿡ĿҶЦף㱩ߡ
ǰûϴյĵǹ˰ϷʥأҪϽɵϱߵġ
Ҷĵؽ͵յǵ˰Ҳǵط˰գҸ˹Ͻ˵ô߸ϵһò콣ϿȣԼյ˰޿ɺǰɣ
࣬ţ˵ˣղŶţҲˣ˵ǲǡҶġȰ
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Ȼ֪Ѫ˨ʲô˵ԸҲ˵ʲôûųֵĳ嶯ȡ콣ݡ
Ҷӹĵ콣ݣɵһ̾Ƿطĺù񣬽ǻʥظһùѫ£
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ɽɽµ˶ɵˣܹһ벽թ콣ݣѾ˾ˡ
ڶթţǾһص°ͣӶתˡ
Ҷ˼ȻҪΣǹҧùͱ
ȻҶҲ̲סˣһŭͷƱȵûˣ
ʲôûˣҾһ˰ôҶЩ족ؿţͬ˼ѪһĻġ
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ƨҵ콣ݶԼģֲȥô󡱻ŭ
Բ콣ݵֵǲɺԵģǻмֵռģֵ˰һҪյġҶһĵһǹִԱ
ңʲôֵ˰⣬ʲô˰ûУ
Ҷ΢һµҪٽһ½˰˰ʹ˰ӡ˰˰ЩͲˣ
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Ҷһ𾪡صڷӦ˰ﲻȫǶ
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ĴһҲ޿̣һȭҶȥһȭ֮޲һȭҶࡣ
Ҷһ˶ûв£ȭͷ˲ͭɫŻĺݺײȥ
飡
һ˶Էʮɣ˫Ĵȴ֮
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ԼڰɽϿȥ׷ɽΪн־ڣ޷УֻĿߡ
Ҷ￴ƯڽУƯĹ㣬æ·ȥܵɽµʱͷʬҲˡ
ռеķǿҶСķɳɵͷϷͷǧɵĹ
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Ȼˣǰͷ£ٺҲ߻ģٺóҲгʱ򣬻ζٺò
Ҷٴηԭλãȣ˰ʱһ㶯ûУҶЩͲסˡ
ȥʵ̫˷ʱˣҶſʶԶʯһһԵ콣ݣǾǲ
ҶȻתͷ±ߵ˺ȵ˭Ĺ׳
±ߵһ㶣Ҷ﷢ˣҶûΪѹǣЩ˷׷׽һЩȡҶﶪ
ҶǣȻһٶϣһǧɳ
Ҷͷץסһʮɳ΢΢һʱɱֱһǹһͬһߡ
±ߵ˶ʱһ壬ȻҶѾԪƵ˳뻯ľ硣
ǹ׳֮ˣƾõ콣ݣκβᣬүΪУ
ҶĻЩ֮ˣʱĻŭţҶһ仰ͬһҲõǵĶˡ
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Ҷȡεذ֮ϣҶһǰʱͬͷһ㣬ұڣǰȥ
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ƿȻܹͬһ㣬ľ΢ƿأƽ
ڳұڣһ콣ݴ΢΢һŲݴնȥ


307 
콣ʵؼΪͣȴҶＫų˵նȥ˵ȥΪõǽ
ҶͨʶۿЩ콣ݣֻг콣ݣܹӸĻϲ䡣
ʵҶסֻʱ˶Ŀһ󵼱˵ߣʵõš
ΪˣҶ¶ðսŪߣ򲻹ԼͶɹҪռһ֣һױ¶ݡ
ΪҶ˫޵ĴʹݣĲ֪ܲ
ۡǰѳһ콣ϵʱ򣬶ʱݴһ𣬼ʮ콣ݱ䣬ɽеķ磬Ʈ
У
ҶԼԼ֣ɵôϲЩ콣·ߵʱֶʱһͭɫǡ
ҶöˣֱӶЩ콣һץ
ͣ
һܼϸ죬ҶֶʱлУֻ΢΢ҶƤ˿ںС΢΢Ѫѡ
ֻܴԼ΢˺ʱĲ٣ӿٵȥץЩ콣ݡ
ٿ죬ܼķб˳Ҷ￴еĶʮ콣ݣĵͷ
µʮ콣Ʈȥҹ꺮һ̹Ȼ߰˿콣Ʈȥ
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һݷ󣬶ʱǼƬ콣ݱϷϣδҶӰ죬˭Ҳûж֣ҶĲ
Ҷ̬Ⱥǲ۸СԼ۸Сϣɾͺܲˡ
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ҶξȻɹˣתһ²콣ѰȥһߣͱȥΪ
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һƬ콣ݷɳʱ˵ľһ˷ܲѣǸҶˡ
ȻֻܼʣµģҲǵϰࡣ
Ҷһץÿζץһ룬ҲǱȫ˿ڣںóҩֻ輸ʱ䣬ͻָˡ
ҹ꺮Ҳһļһ̹ͨж˶ʮö콣ݣ˷ܲѡ
Ҷﵽ󣬾£ͱػµ붼ˣֻҪЩ콣ĽԻٴһء
ҹ꺮ȡʮ콣·ȥ±ߵһ׷׿ʼץȡ
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ҶӹһɵһЦֻм΢ӣĶǹӴϱжġ
ҶЦõǣȻһָϸĻƽϱ߻մȾŵ
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ҹ꺮ҲһĿҶһ̫̰˰ɣǲҪĽడ
֪ҶﲻçײˣȻ֪ҶĴ㣬ŲԼЦ
ҶֵƤˣҷͲͣ㣬ôǽʲôȫҶ뷨
ôǲ󣬿شϾҪˣҪ齨һԼһԿ١ҶұСǰн
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ۣ
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ͫǺɫûٻͭս̫춯ϾǱˣҲ±˿
Сн˰ʱڵһ콣ݴԱߣҶһȭӳ


308 콣
ȭ缤Ǵ콣ݶʱһҡڣһ콣ݶʱƮҶԼȭ绹ڣֱһץ콣ݶС
ʣµĶϿƮȥҹ꺮ʱһ±ߵҲǴΪ˷ܡ
콣ݣеĽ⣬ⶫԽ࣬ľԽ࣬Ȼ̶پ̶١
Ҷǰ߲ͣͣ©֮ɹе˶ɴ۾۾ȡ
θߵĳͬҶΪԼļȭ磬вķУ˺Լġ
ʶҶÿ콣ݣа˳϶µĲŷɳȥ
ҶֵƵʼߣ콣һһķɳӦӲϾЩΪ̰ð߱ȱȽǡ
ǿʼӵСˣһЩ̲콣ݣֱƮɽ£ڵϵȺɽڵӣöΪ˷ܡ
Ҷǰм䣬ȻҶ̧ͷϿֻԼϷǧɵľ룬һ콣һҶע
һ콣ݣҶĶˤȥ
ΪǴ콣ݸе콣ݶһΪ̫ˣƽʱ콣ֻа߳
ϱߵǴ콣ĳϣƿҶϣŽĹ
ʹԶǧɣҶﶼܸܵǹɿֲĻ⣬Ҷ궼һ

ףãǳ콣ݣ޾£󲿷ֵĽ⣬ų˹ģЩĵ
ٺ٣ôܰæҶ￴Ǵ콣ݣһоö콣ݣŰֱָ񷡣
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ڶֱӳ֣콣ǿȡģҵ־ὫۣѵҪһЩĩȥ𣿡˵ɡ
ҶʱڻڻָڣܶԸŴʥµ־
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Ҷٶ죬ſֲĽֻȡ߰ѣȥ
ҹ꺮ȡе콣ݣȻһݣʱҶԺССģ
ֻѾ͵콣ݣƮתۼ͵ҹ꺮ĸǰҹ꺮һӸоͷƤ飬ͷˣûܵ˿ֲĽ⡣
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ʱͷһȻЩģֹ֣ͣеȫ̰ͷҶĻ׷ǣͬһ콣ݳ֡
ۡ
죬ǿ콣ݵʿʲôΪ׷ױѪ
ЩԭȥӣȻ龰ʱŴˣ׷ˣǻˡ
ͬһ콣ݣƮɵ·ϣԲɿռڣ˷׷ױѪ
ۡͬһ콣ݣһ·Уɵɽ£ֱӲڵϣ΢΢ɢſֲϢ


309 Ϊһ
˶סˣЩүˣЩ̰ͷԵˣˡ
һ·ǧˣѾ͵콣֮£ɽΪ֮һա
ʱҶָƽʱӣֻڵǱѪ˵ϵ·гһ˿˿ġ
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ʱ˲ףԭ˼ҲǿŴңΪ˾ȴҡ
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ҶһҪ˭͹ȥԣүҴ󻰾ͷ⣬˭Ҿ
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û˵ɳ»Ϊһ˲ĴЩ̾
ǱΣҵֵҪݺأûϢô족Ҷҹ꺮ѾϿȡ
ү
򶫵ˣظҶ
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ͷһҶ·һ˲䱻ޣ֪Ų۵콣ʵǶôֲԼûȥˡ
ⲿѹҶ̹ˣں콣ǰһץסβˣͬץס˽
ִһɲǣǹɿֲ־ֳˣҶһߡղǾŸϣ㣬ھϸһˣԹԸҹɣ
Ȼǹɽ֯Ҷѹ£⻺
Ҷظ콣ݣҶƥûдƤҪ
콣ݣ߻⣬Ǿͽ֮ɡҶа
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СӲ˵ʵˡҶһŵĴЦ佱䡣
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һϲ򶫶ʱ۷Ź⣬ܱүĴΪϲ˲öæΪүǵӵңģһƯƯģ
ԴŵԶսһսȳϷʥͬˮ
ߵĵɱذʬҰȫҶյġͷ֧ƱͣЩǺˡ
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һãߵүʲô˵㻰òҪҵүҵƢ֪ģ
򶫶ʱŵɫ亹ֱðͰ͵صС֪ˣС˾Բң
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Ȼ˵㣬˶ҿҲ˵磬ƽԶ
ȷʵҶڵݳ콣ݵʱ䣬ûв£һöָһǧö콣ݡ
ڽӹ콣ݵʱͽӵҶĴЩ콣ݴӣȳս󣬻иĸǡ
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Ҷʶɨһɽϵҹ꺮Ѿȫѹס˻֮ڻָơ
ҹ꺮ҪԶսˣԼСһЩ
Ŀҹ꺮ɫĵͷڻָơ
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ҶߺѾûͣˣ׷ɢȥӽһ䶯սֳ֣н̫棬үԳү
һ죬µ콣Ͽһ벽˰Ԩ䡣
һеһУЩ콣Ͽ뿪ĵǿдһүĴ·˾֪
ҴǡԺͰ׻һĵӣ׷ĪʧҺܶ඼նȥͷ­
ʱŭڴϷʥΪһս졣
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ŮӼҶ￴Լʮִ󷽵չһЦ崺硰ҶǺ£ôôң˾壡
Ǻǣǿ֣ʥһӦµųʵڲֵһᡱҶֵĶŮЦ
ϳŮӣǴƮʥʥŮƮƮȻ֪ΪʲôԼǰƺҶﲢûе⡣
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ˣҪ˵㲻˵ô֪Ҷô˵Ǵӽָȡһ꣬ݸƮƮ
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ƮƮεҡҡͷûҶĺ֣һɫ㵽ϵʱ򣬾Ȼ֣޷һУĹȥһƬ磬δڵ
ƮƮ΢΢Щ㶵ҶҵĿ֮Ѿߵľ磬ҿӵ֣
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Ҷͷһ仰Ŀˣ֮ĶȻҲ㵽
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֣һΪصĶεҵĿӣĻҲʥϵļ𣡡
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𣿡ƮƮĿһתЩϷʵصһ˰ɫö
ҶЩɫ˵飬õˮ©ȻǱˣ
ҪϵŮȻǿ֮壬ǲŰ벽ΪϣҲ㲻飬ըءѵ
Ҷ΢һ룬ʱ֪Լϵˣ㲻Լ飬ͬҲ㲻ôֻһ𰸣Ǹ˾
ô򵥵飬óһըҶ֪ԼһУɵһŭ
Ŀ֮ȷʵǣĶһ˿ϸ΢ı飬ܹжϳĻȷʵ֮š΢΢Щ̾
ȥ˵ĻˣݲԹɫı£˰뱲ӵĽƭӣȲϡ
ҶʱһݺЦС椣֪̫ˣҽҪִ߻ˣ
ӣߵ˵ɣҪȼɱɱ飬߼ɱ
͡ҶװһݺݵģƮƮʱ̲סЦ΢΢һ죬ȴЩмصһСëӣëû룬ѧʹ
ҶʱŭԼʮˣȻһ˵ɬԲʲôëӡ
һÿԼ½󣬻⿪Լ
ƮƮ״ʱһЩҵصʲôҸ㣬ɲҪ
ЦҶ㲻˵ëûҽͻȥ֮ѹ˸㿴ҵ׳ûУҶһŭĿƮƮ
ҪƮƮʱһУתͷȥҿҶ
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ƮƮ΢΢ҡҡͷҶʱһʧɣʲôô̲ǰæ
Ҷˣҵ㣬ҵ컯ǸϵģҲ컯ߣ
ҶЩԻƮƮֵҲ˵ҶǳߣСòǽԿѣ
ȷûкңҶﲻЩŰɣƮƮ˵̫ǿˣϵ׶Ƴ
ƮƮЩֺֺЦεСȻΪȴҲЩһЩ飡
ƮƮ˼ˣҿʥʥŮȻ˵ˣͿ϶Լߵ
ҶͷŮȻƻһЩûиӦԼĶ⣬Լֱ
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ƮƮĵĽҶõĺôԱࡣ
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ҶʲôҲҲˣֱ󣬳һƬĵؽ硣
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Ҷѭȥޱ޼ʵ֮ϣǧңһӰվ
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սͼԹ飬ģҲ˵սˣĴܣҲ֮ڻҶѣ붼һͷƤ顣
Ҷ￴һǸԹ飬һ£ǸԹȥ
ƮƮ΢΢һҶ֣ԹûûдУαس֣жͽ
Ŀ֮Ҫ㣬һмʲô춯ֱӰߵĽ³ƫ
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ǰⳤһɲǣ˲ĵâĵĽĸҶϮ
ҶﰵһԹȻܹʹüܣһѳУĽ

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ҶͷߵԹԭػĵطһʬѾ಻һⳤߡ
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κһʬһԹػʹԹ鱻ɱˣԹɢʱƣµԹ顣
ĽսʬĴУԽԹԽǿ
ҶЩףʲôԭ򣬻ǲôԹ˶꣬Թ
ΪҶǸԹ齻ֵʱ򣬸ܵһ˿ȴ˵
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Ҷûٳ֣ʶۿһ£ЩʬڣȻЩʬֿտգе׶ߣνĴˡ
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˽һʱ㣬ƮƮڳһЩ˷ܵصѾȷˣǵ컯ں
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ǵнһǧʱǰһЩˮݣ˲û⣬Ƭˮݵʱͻ
ʮɳˮݣͬ鶯Ķߣ˲
˶ʱһæȡиΪˮУܵһˮݲּΪ⣬ޱȣǵɱޡ
һʼûЩˮݣȵǷʱѾǵصˮݰΧ
һնЩˮݣҶһŭ㲻ôƲЩˮݻṥǣ
ֻҪ컯ķλʣµֻҪ㣬ܵõ컯ʲôҪȥ㣡
ƮƮĻҶѪȻƵĻôøɵġ
Ͻ취ѽҪʲôʱȥҶ￴Զǵصˮݣ
Ҫ취ĲңҼȻ׼ܵõ컯Ϳ϶а취˷ѵġƮƮһնˮݣһƶĵ
ȥӣʵ̫ˣպһҪԶŮˣ˵ʲôҲܸ˺ˡ
ǸˮֻаƿʮɳһѰһ˿ҶÿαնֻնϼʮЧ
ȻҶһһ죬һͬһĳС
ǰѽճҶУһɿֲĻ⣬ϯˮ
ƮƮʱĿһֻҶﳤһӣһɨЩնϵˮݣ׷ױĩ
ҶһЦȻˣһжô򵥣콣һ󼱻ӣ˲ΧһƬ
Ҷһ·ƮƮһʱͻƵˮݵķ
н˰ʱһȺӰ˲佫˰Χ


313 ͭ
ҶʱԭĹߣʱͬһƬסһ㡣
̧ۿȥǰһȺ㣬ÿĳ߶೤ͨһһ㣬ԡ
״е㣬߻룬Ŵ죬©һžݰݣ˲ķ̶ȡ
ͭ㣡
ƮƮһȻϳȺ㡣
ѶԸ𣿡ҶﲻʵΪȺϢǲǿƺʲôв
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ʲôǻ˵ãϢһΪȥ¡Ҷﻰ䣬ѾͭȺȥ

ƮƮҪ˵ЩʲôҶѾ嵽ͭȺǰ棬̾Ϣһ
ҶͭȺԶŰ֮һ˲ˮ磬ǽرͣͿˡ
ҶҪ׽ЩͭʱЩͭȻͭһˮжʱһɿֲҶݺݺ
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ȻһůһֻסҶĺ󱳣סƮƮͭ㣬ó֮ѶԸ
㲻˵ҶʱЩᣬȫû뵽ȥ޺ͭ㣬Ȼôǿ
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ƮƮȴֻ΢΢һüͷû̫ӦҶʱ֪˼ǰ벽ȻӰ첻
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㻹¶ˣҶԸЩͭ㣬֮ǰĹˮݣԸˡƮƮҡͷ
ôܣҶȻš
ߣܶԸĻһҪʲôԼȥȡˡƮƮ
ЩͭȺΪ죬Ҳ깥ǻûг׷ŭϽ취ɣƮƮ
ԭЩͭ㣬ľǵ쳣죬˷ʤ
䵱Ƿŭ֮ʱᷢǸΪģҲܲ
ƮƮ˵ٻɵһⱲӾûôӹ
ҶͭȺǾù£ѾʼһЩߵˡ
ҶĬһƮƮܲܶʱ佫ǽ
ռƮƮһΧˮ£ҽĿռ䷶Χֻаңֻάһʱ䣡
һʱӦùˣҶһͷһƣһ£
Ҷ˫ֲ£ӡռ俪ʼ΢΢𶯣ȻҶǣ
ҶӡƣƮƮͷһͻȻҶҲ˲еľ˫һ죬ǿƥƱ˲佫Բˮȫס
Ҷһգ
ҶֳһԲĺڶֱӽԲĺˮͭȺһ˽ȥ
ž
һкҶʱûڵϣһҵĴϢš
ͭȺİˮ򣬾ôƮƮ򶨣ҲĿ
ȻС磬һܹС繵ͨƮƮһ𺧵ĿҶ
֪ġ̫ˣ˵룬ȡҶﻹ뽫һвĻ˵һ飬κΣãһ仰˵
ҶﶼģˣȻҪвԼƮƮʱֺֺЦϾȻôˡ
ҶϣһɽȪһ˲ҶȫҶʱоһˬ
СڣԲСװͭ㣬Ҷʱޱȵοһжֵˡ
ȡͭȺϴȡʯ󣬻ҪΪĶĻҪ޾ԪҶŻ۳
ƮƮİʱҶڻָ˴վ
ҶԸ˵ʵĿԹͨС磬綫棿ƮƮһĿҶ
ǰʲô𣿡ҶЩɻһ벽Ȼ
ƮƮõ𰸺һ治֪ôģ߾С磬һܹͨС磡
𣿡
ֹ֣ʵǵ߸ҵֻ֪ͨеڣŻᵮС磬˰벽ƿһ˿֮ϣֻܹйͨС硱ƮƮĵĵ
Ҷţǰ֮СҲ̫ԾֻǺȴǵߵģСʵڷѽ⡱ƮƮ˼һ
Ҷףԭǣƿһ˿ܸ֮֮С繵ͨ
ԭа벽ǿߣҪƿһ˿֮ȥƿһѭ򽥽Ĺ̡
ֻͨеĴܣСƿأһ£ܸСйͨ
ΪûжСľƿأһóȻͨʱСķɣ˲
ƮƮ˼⣬ôҲ벻ͨеĵ
ƮƮһӵĿҶҶֹȻǷǳˣҶܹƿһ˿֮ʱ֮ͬкҶֵĵ֣
ΪΣȻҶţǻ˳
ΪҶѾܹͨС磬ԺС֮ʱ򣬿ķɡƮƮ΢Щɬĵ
ΪʥʥŮԵϲǹȴһİ
ǽȴҶˣĹ̥ܲ˶ʼɵ۾졣
Ȼǰ벽ʹ֮˭ҪСĽ΢ơ
еİ벽һģ֮һʨõúòþҪ˵Լ
ҶԺûⷽĹǣܲ˶ʼɡ
ԭˣٺ٣һ治֪Ҷ©һЦݣǾͽ㼪ԣԺ󷢴ˣ˭Ҫ۸㣬ͱţ
ҶһֵģһҡͷƮƮҶǰн
ǵĵʱҶ￴ǰ龰ѵһ¿ˮ˵컯


314 Ԩ
ںģһʯУһߴٶɵĺǣɢſֲѹ
ǸǳΣͷȴֻǣüĴһȭͷСο飬ԡ
ȻǶħǣ
ƮƮһĿϲΪ˷ܹȣһ߳죬˫ĿޱȵĿĹâ
Ҷ֣·ΣҲҪСõõöǣСøмƮƮ״η̬Ҷ֣һ
Ҫ
ǳҪöħǣСԺʩչ֮ȻӾ׼ܹҴʥƮƮץҶֵ
һŮץ֣ԭһǳ컵飬ҶȴЩͷƤë
ǰôȥȡһ벽ȥһССĻ߹ȥЩɡҶһ޹ĵ
ƮƮҡͷǾȡģϱʥѹСùȥɣ
ȥȥ˶ɣѵҹȥҶŭʲô°
ҶĪȻ컯һа취԰ȫõġƮƮæ˵
ҵ컯ҶЩɻĿһǾӴĺǣϸ̽һ˿ֲѹ⣬ʲôҲûС
ҵ컯߹ǼܣʥŮˣòǾСܣĲ࣬СܴȥɡҶЩõĵ
ҶĪҪСüȻ㵽컯ĵҶ֣;ԲдƮƮҶĻһҲû
ҶôüӣаֵҶȡһѶ̽߹ǼͶȥ
ǰƷĶ̽Ǽܻмľ룬ʱһɿֲ顣
Ҷ￴õһЦˣǿĹǼܣҪʲôȴ
߶ħʬ壬ǰǿƥʥǿߣѹɢǿߣҲ޷ʬƮƮ
ƮƮʱ򣬻طҶﲻʥŮ£Сܻٶ꣬ͲôΣյϷˣ
˵껰ҶŤͷߣʲôЦܶ޲ߣܵõŹ֡
ƮƮҶҪߣʱһסҶҶ֣Ͳ취ңԿԵģ
ҶŮ˵ûĴ컯Ȼ䣬
ţôûҶһ㶡
ΪΪΪĴ컯ضһƷûзֶѡ
ǶħȷʵƥʥľǣȷʵܹŮмᣬͻʥ
ԭƮƮϰĿ󷨣Ҫͣع켣ħ֮ƮƮڡסӾ׼С
ԶսΣأֲͻư벽ףôʱ޷ˡ
ѵǼܣף
׵Ĳ
˵Ф䣬һʽǾѹҲԽף
ĻҶһ׾˵컯ʲôˡ
һһ֮ɫƮƮҶͻȻ̾˿һصȻôҪöǣƴҲҪȡ
Ҷ湻޳ܵġĵȻҶΪΪΪȻ
ģ̫ˣֻҪŬУðյģһԵġȻƮƮԼ㼫Ϊģһ˷ܵĵ
Ҷ˵ͷһļƣùǼȥǼٶʱһǿѹϮ
Ҷæ˫ֽӡʼתФ䣬ФתҶͷϷγһԲʮɵС
ЩѹеתգЩ񱩵ѹȻеɣ𽥱˳Ҷա
ЩעҶﵤڵֵ֮ʱ֮˲תͣͬЩתٵҶΪ
šҶʱдϲܳһʱҶﶼûʱȥˣξȻô͵ķʽУʱֵͶֵˡ
Ȼ㵽ҶӦа취˷ѹû뵽ȻΪãƮƮһʱҲˡ
ҶУС̽ˣʼ𽥼ӴٶȣͷϵԽԽͬˮһ㡣
꣡
Ҷһ죬ھ˰ʱգҶΪﵽһٽ㣬ͻƵʰ졣
ʱҶԸоԽԽ٣㿪ʼǰн
֪нһٶʱѹֿʼǿҶֿʼ̿С
ҶΪѾﵽʰ죬ڵ纣ޱ޼ʡ
ΪԨ˯ԵʣΪͣͲǰ˺ܳʱ䣬лٴͻơ
ҶΪͻƵʾ죬ҶʱѾ뺡ǲˡ
ҶﲻԽʥĶħҲ̫û˰ɣѹôôأͲٶ
룬Ǹħ޾£ôѹѾǲˡ
Ҷн˵뺡ֻһʱҶڴﵽ۷塣
ҶǸֳһ˿Цݣȣ벽Ӧûˡ
ž뺡ԽԽѹԽԽǿҶյҲԽԽ졣
Ҷ崫һ죬ԲǧˮһĲˮϸͬŭΣӿϢ
ʱҶͻƵ˰벽ھԭ͸֮Уʼ֮ɫתѤ쳣
ֵ֮Ļתǿڲݣ·ڵֱ֮һ㣬չֳ˿ֲ
ͬʱ֮һֱڳ˯ԨȻ΢΢һʵ֮ڵա
ϣ
һԨȻɢҫ۵Ĺâ֮ҶʱӦ
һϲԨˣ·ӦҶԨ΢΢һҶǰ
ѾõĵƤޣҶһתһСĵ˷ϲá
ԨҶﻺ֣ԨץУһѪĸоҶȫ
ͬʱܹܵĵԨڣǹɻصΪԨѪʱԶǹ
Ҷжޣһһȫȫиָо޷
ȻԨ˵ܹԼһһֽиҶΡ
Ҷú󣬲ŽԨ𣬽벽ڵȫԨض
ͬʱԨҲʼͣ齣һѰ͸齣Ҷͷ˵
Ҷһ·ǰУпޣٵĵʣµѹڰҶڽѹȫա
ԼΪҲȹʵޱȣΪǿˡ
Ҷ￴һۺǣԶһڴƮƮ¶һЦݡ
ɣֻԼժᵽҸ


315 
ֲѹѾҶȫգߺǳ˱ɢĲ⣬Ѿвˡ
ƮƮмĿҶһۣǾߺƮȥƮǾߺüʱ΢ɴ˶֣ǿ龧ץ䡣
ƮƮץסöǵʱһɿֲɷ֮˲ϯ˷Բĺ
Ҷﶼһǹɷֱ֮˵ȥ޾Ŀ־塣
ʱƮƮѪɫ˾㺹죬ѵصžϴа֮⡣
Ҷû뵽öŲ۵ľǣȻôֲæɳͳǹҪǸͷ顣
ҶçײһȣֹҶﶯ
龧ǣܽ򾧹ǵƷ׻½ϲ覴ãֻẦ
Ҷһ֪ƭǲڲ֣Ա߸
ȻǺף˭Ҳұ֤û˿ӣƮƮȫԿǣûаһͨڣܽش
ʱǿ龧ǵںľƽƮƮһ
Ȼȫƣ˫Ŀ֮ȫ˷֮ɫֵظ龧ǡ
Ҷ̫лˡƮƮ˼ĶĿӾջأҶ
Ѿǲ֪ٴҶлˣ龧ǣƮƮԣȷʵ̫Ҫˡ
ҶҪЦſ䣬Ȼһļ£һɲõԤУͷ
ҶȻɫһ䣬ƮƮæʵҶ֣ôˣ
ҶҲһĪɲõԤԽԽǿңû
һֺܲõĸо˵Ҷ˰죬ʶûо쵽ʲôס
Ҷüӡƽͣн֮ףҶˣҲִŶԣС޼ߵˣ鷳ƮƮһҶ
ߵˣҶʱͷһµľæʵƮƮܲܰһ£˭鷳
Ȼ޷һУǼҶֶǰ֮ԻҰ˴һ֮ԴӦĺ֪鷳ƮƮص
ҶжʱһңȻŷǣ
ҶĪû֪ߵƷҡƮƮʵ
ƷҶæȡһ壬ǳȻ֮ɽȻ󲨡
Ϊ壬ǳȻ֮һ˭ܹõ룬ѡ֮ˣɽڵĵǲŻᷴӦôҡ
ƮƮӹҶַģжħǸ£Ϊ׼Ͼнˣ
ԭûеõħǰƮƮ鶼Ǽ£ļ١
ƮƮӻȡ˼鲻֪СǣڳһŹֵͼſеľڼСм䡣
ǼС˲ܵһǣ΢΢˼Σ׷Ųλá
龰ƮƮ˫ַɿתͣ㣬Ƭ̺Ҷ֣֮ˣڽ֮⣬ȴ̤֮У
ͷָԽ򣡡
ⳡѣԭģȴ˽֮СƮƮ͵
Ҷʱ㣬ԳȻԸ񣬾ԲɵĲ˵顣
ƮƮ˵Լĺ֪ˣôȻУôΪӪˣֻǲ֪µŷǡ
ƮƮǵķλ𣿡ҶʱѾͿˣһƮƮһ£һҽС
ƮƮѾˣ뿪˵Ϸʮﴦ
˵껰һ죬ͳһżΪϵƤֽһƵĿǰԶսϸĵͼ
һָͼϻŻͼĵطӦþ£
ҶӹƮƮݹĵͼмصлˣҶǷһ飡
֪ƮƮǸһ뿪ǡҶ̽Եһ£뵽һʥŮʥŮһ
ƮƮҡͷҪħǣֱսرգˡС񣬲ͬҶͬˣ
Ҷ΢Щʧǵౣأ
ҶıӰʧƮƮһ˫Ŀ¶ޱȸӵɫ
ĽеĶħ̽ʱԭӨһĶħǣʱѾīϱ߸ǳһЩϸ΢ơ
ԭڸղţƮƮ͵͵öħǣΪҶһ£Ժ¡
ԭ£һϣɫ̡ơ졢ϡ
ɫ׳̶ȣɫһ㣬̫ա
ɫһգȥĳЩ飬⡣
ɫյһļѪζŨ𣬾ʹžԲȥˡ
еһɫǾʹʮɣûκλء
ƮƮеؿУһ˵ɫڣûֻ̫д˰˸֡ʬɽء
Щ󣬾ȻʥľǣȻƣȻ޷֮١
ȻƮƮĲĶˣֻССԤһ£ҶеףȻô׾ˡ
һӵؿԶҶʧķƮƮ૵صҶﰡҶ㵽ʲôͷ

£Ҷڵĺʮ֮ңѾԶս֪Ĵյ֮һ
﷽ԲﶼһƬ𺣣һֻԶ֮ȼ£ɲ
ʱµΧһĻ𱬵ŮӣϣһƬŭڣеĳմȾ޾Ļ棬ֵʮǿߵΧ
սȦ⣬жʮˣֳһ䱸ĿţЩ˶żȮݣһı־
Ů˹Ȼǿ󣬲ھôǿսáһһǿߣһ˹ĵ
һһ峤ƽʱһ˫۾ųеսصİɣֻҪţɱ;ɱŮӣҪץģ
ѵΪץסҶǸǿʵ
ǸŵСӽŮ˵͸¶ǣȻҵˡ˵Ů˸Ҷϵǳһ㣬ֻҪץҶֻܹԹ
ƽ˵˫۶Ļ𱬵ŷǣ˲ûȡٺ٣Ů̫ζˣҪŮǿߵζ
ӢȽϿУҶ֪ŮˣѾ˵Ļһġһǿߣͣһĵ
ߣŪҶǾͺúøϷʥ棬ʱɱǲˣүûʱǣΪǡƽһᵽϷʥأʱ޵ء
ȻƽһߺȡǼûԷ𣬸ϽŮ˸£һſأ
ʮһǿߣʱӿ˹࣬ʮֻצ޾ľ磬ŷץȥ
ʱŷѾսʱһսʮڣѾƣȻôǿĹƣʱ֪Ҫˡ
з޾ĲʣĿעԶҶ󻵵ټˣ
ŷǾ֮ʣҪ˶ʱһһĽȴ
ݻţ㣡


316 ĭ
䣬һƥĽƲɵļ磬˲նΧŷǵļˡ
飡
Ǽ˸ոշӦǹɽѾϽΪء
ǱǹɿֲĽĵɣ˸Ǳն˼˿ڣѪ졣
һƮݵӰ䣬һµĳȻͬ貨һ㣬վŷǵԱߡ
һ㲣ͷ΢΢ЩҵŷǣЩǸصöԲ𣬽ˣ
ŷȻ벻ԼˣȻǳȻĿһ죬ˮҲ̲סӿ˳㣬ֻԼҶ֪˻ҵģ
ذŷһҵͷصã̫˽ҶˣУ˵λöһҪǶһģ
ģŷЩš
ȻģͷȻЦ
ŷǺȻסȻ޵㣬Բǰ̫ˣԭң
ԴӼ˳Ȼһ˿ԱԸŮӣһЩԼĶ޷˵
ҶȻһʱǾÿģԳȻЩų⡣
ȻȻһֱã֪ȴʼչȥָоȻĳ֣Ҷﲻĸˡ
ȻԮԼȻڸжȻΰ黳֮ʱҲΪԼСǼ
춼ھһˣҼֱҪҸˡֱ˲ŷӦƽ˫۷Ŀɫˡ
ŷʱŷʱǸжʱгһڣָƽ쵰ǣҾҲԲȻһͷģ
ϣǽһǸжĪϣǵҵĴϺܱôõĸ顱ƽһЦĿŶŮ
ȻŷǶʱת䣬ȻûǵһԼɣѾҶɱˣȻЦó
ҶޡƽһмصǸСӣһ߶ѵϣҲҹ˼ɣ
ϣȫ£ǵҪץġƽһϺȡ
ЩԭΧŷǵһǿǣһŶ
ȻŷСʱ䣡
ʱ䣿ŷһʱ䣬ֻԼľʱ䵽׸ĵز뵽ĳһ־塣
Ҫ£ǵˣһǵġȻһŷǵǿߡ
֪𣿡ŷҲʼЩǡ
ҪģȻѡҪԥȻгڣ빥£ΪŷǱ
Ž㡱ŷǽǱλ绪һŮ۷˺ҡ̹ģŮӣܲȻ˾塣
˫Ĺ㼤ңжܱأһʱս˽״̬
λƽߵǿ߿ųվͷ΢΢üҪҪӵ֣ȥ£䰡
Ҫƽһֵغľǵܲޣǰæˡ䣿ʲô䣬ʥӼǿˣҲʲô
ǾԲֵܳģٺ٣еڴ϶Ըء˵ƽһа֮״
˵ҲǣһѪһʹǺ壬ʥҲҪ˱ᡱǸһǿߣƽһȻ
ߣǸϷʥصĽݷ磬ǸԳʲôүĻ쵰ҳŪǣ
ƽ˶ʱᵽүɱˡ
һɱӣʱһЩСĪʧ١
Ժټ֮ǰ콣ϿȵĴţǸȷϷʥظɵġ
һԭûʥؼʵòǵĵӣûʥؼı˭ǣ
Ǹн̫үһٿ콣ֱͣҪĶ
ΪЩ˴콣Ͽȹ󣬽콣ݵĴ͹ЧѾˡ
һЩΪƽƽصӣ콣ݺս쭣߱Խսʵ˶콣ݶΪۺ졣
ʢүˣջΪḻ˵ܹ콣ݽԲĵԽԽ˵үе콣ݿԽ콣ɽ
ϢǼ٣ӣһʱ䲻ͣʧ٣ȴġ
ΪϷʥصʥʥŮ¶棬Ͷͣջ𣬷׷ֻҪϷʥˣɱɱ
ɱĸˣʱӣȫȶܶࡣ
ƽһ·֣׼Ϸʥؽݷүúýʱһλŵˣ֪Ҷһ֪ڸǾ͸˹ˣƽϲѡ
˽ݳү⣬޵ľһҶ飬ǰϷʥ鷳ˡ
ۣ
ŷһһֻצӣֱϻһѪֱ
Сģ
ȻæŷǰߣסԼ֮£㱻һצУ˶ʱ
սѾȥʱǳȻôʱĸǿսԪ
ŷǵԪǼݽߣԭĳѾʧȥеɫһͨĳС˼ࡣ
㣬ҿ¼ֲסˣòã˽㡱ŷһҧˮֹס
üסҪģǵˣһǵġȻѾǿ֮ĩǲϧķѱԪй¡
ҧӲ֮ͦʣƽһ˫۷⣬֪ŮѾֲ˶ˡ
ֻҪٹһˣֻԼ׸ƽоһ˷ܡ
͵͵Ը±ߵע⣬ҪƵ̫һһĥԲܸ޵Ļᡣ
ӵΧסȻŷǵһ֣׷׷Ż˽ĳճ֮սغǵ
㣬ȥɱĻᶼûˡŷһȻĵ
£ţܸоҶѾ֪ǵٵĸȻȻӦĿг޵
ŷĻع飬ŷǶܵӰ죬ʼ
ߣǿ֮ĩѣϾͿԵõˡƽһۿ˶˵ʵ
֪˵ԪѾݽߣһ֮ɱûˡ
ƽһЦʲôˣһȺ̰ļһѣ֪ˣҲڿ
ּһʱ򣬵һ죬ԪѾȫݽߵŷǣеĳ䡣
һǿ߼ᵽæǰһˣ˫ֱӱŷ㣬ֱץ˫ۣһץסҲˡ
Ȼ󾪣ƴгնֱϣȴûնֱۣ֮󣬳ɡ
λˣƽ״ٲɣڶŮǰ˫ץŮ񾱡
Ůһۣ˶ԷеĨȻûܵȵ
ȻһɹᴩصľϮһ䵽·ԾĵҶŮҲ飬ն㹷ͷ


317 ս
һɹᴩصľϮһ䵽·ԾĵҶŮҲն㹷ͷ
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Ȼܿˣǹɿֲľ磬ɹεƤۣвȻǿ
ƽǱܹˣΧųȻŷǵǿ߶
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һܼı죬Ѫɣǵʸӹһֱϵǿߣ⣬֮һƬǽ塣
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󣬶ʱһǿͬʱҲָԭĴСΧĵȫȾ졣
һʱ˶ˣȻŷһϲĿԶֳѪɫ·ĺӡ
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Ůʱ֣ŷˮ˳Ҷߵߣʱһ˵ҶĻУޡ
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һ·ҶԴƮƮ˵ĴλúҶû˿һ·ۣڹؼʱ̸ϵ
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һֱϲļҾӷżϾʱ䣬ҶᰴǰķһЩСԱպɼҵװһִӡ
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ҶתǸɳͬ輸ŶŮ˰գֱƮǧ֮⡣
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ƽ䱸֮ʣҶѾжǷӦʱ򣬶ŮѾ͵˸߿֮ϡ
ҶЩһжͽͣ˭ҲӲƽѾҶΧһЦ
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ڰУŷһĿҶסӣҶ
Ҫ֪Щ˿ɶһľӢΪڣҸղҶﵽʱǾѾǸ壬Ӱӳ֣սѾ˼Ϊֲľ硣
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ŷǸп֮ʣһɿ񱩵ϢͬʱһȡҶ


318 Ǳȭ
ŷǸæĿ⿴սֻսʣˣΣĸǡ
ʱƽֳһͷǧɵľӰǸӰһǿ߲ͬ
һٻӰģģƽٻȴΪʵǸӰһ㣬һ
ƽӰ֮󣬻ƱǣҶһȭ䡣
ƽΪһＫΪ߰һֱΪʥӼǿߣûʸʹǸ塣
һʼҶһζضΪҶﲻҸһǿ𽥼٣ڸҶӲƴ˼Ρ
Ȼ֣ҶսΪֲԼĹȻκãʱߵѾֻʣĸˡ
ʱϵˣҶԼΪնɱԼ
˲ʲô߰ʲôˣֱٻǸ壬ʱһ뽫Ҷ
ҶƽʹǸ壬Ȼ˹ģҲһ
ȻԼƶûǸĴսѪżĹϵ
ƽһȭոճ֣ѾԼпռȻӲƴ
һͺȣҶͭɫ񱩵Ϣڶ𣬶ƽȥ
飡
ɿֲײһ𣬴ؿ񶶣ĸһǿߣûӦͱ׷⡣
ɨʯ䣬ԶĳȻŷǼˣʱһƬҰס
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˾֮ʣһǿ˳ɳ輸һ͵˲ǣ֮ң
һʱ򣬵ϵ̳Ѿɢ©˷ԲǧĴӣӰڶӡ
ƽһ𾪵ĿҶҲȻûʹκηȻƾ֮һˡ
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飡
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ƽԸԭһɳƶɱ¾Ҷȥ
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319 
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ƽһצƱɫغֲѹѾԲĿռĺ졣
ÿֲ
Ҷһеĳǹһᣬƽֲһצ֮ϡ
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ҶԸһٱħʱ̱任ţǲô任Զôᶨ
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ƽ֣һЦĿҶѪ֮
Ѫ֮Ǹצ׶ʱһͷǾһ㣬ֲѹͷš
ǹѹĵԶĳȻŷǶܵˣһƬҰס
û뵽ƽֶβȻ˿ֲһҶĳȻҲЩҡˡ
һֻص赲ġ
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ƽѪ֮עצףǸצױһƬ죬ɢſֲĸ¡
Сӣô˵ˣǲǾˣĵȥɣŮˣһúչ˵ġƽЦ
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Ĺɣ֪ˢһնĹͷҶһ
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ҶûƽظһԨԨʱ޷ؼҵĲ
עԨԨ˲䱻˲һѳʮɵĳ
ƽǰѳȻ˲һֲõĸоϮצѾʱһ
צ


320 նɱƽ
צ
ƽһȣϵצףʱһ죬ſֲѹҶ
ԨõҶԴԴϵ䣬ʮɳĽ˲һһǰնȥ
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ۣ
ƥĽ棬ֱնƽĲӣͷֱӹԶѪ硣
ɶȥˡҶһն䣬Ԩ𡣡Ҫһ棬Ͱжңһɱ㣿

ƽ壬ʧȥƿأ˲ָ˱壬һɫʬҶǰ
ǰҶնɱʬǰɳͨ嶼ǻɫģƽٶɣͨףûһ˿ë
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Ҷնɱһˣһ岻ưոݵġκ󣬳ȻлظЩЩǵĵ
Ҷֽƽʬͷ­ȴֻȡһöˣʣµľ
óȻȡɳͲ輸ʵɳϣҶһھƵΪߣֻ˵ǰˣ˭ôԶ
ҶݺݵؿһԶͷҪմȾҵŮˣ˭Ҷƴ
ĻȻЩףȴöŮж׷Ҷߣһ仰Ҳ˵
Ҷϵ㣬ػָԪȻ󹥻ʹõԪĺܴ󣬲ݽߡ
Ҷһ£Ȼʵôģ
ŷǺͳȻĻҶʱһɫҲɱ硣
ԭΪ£˵һֻʥĲȸֻȸڴһƬ𺣡
ŷΪ壬֮Ϊż档
ո󣬾ͱһǿΧȻܵŷѵϢٸ֮Ҷﶼ֪ˡ
УҶץһؼʡšΪŷƽ˵ŸṩϢ
ȻǱߣҲṩŷǱΧϢŸϹġ
Ҷ˫ĿһУ˵Ѫԭ⣬ڵԼ鷳ʱȺһŵӰŵҲŵķΡ
һòݣȴһ˿ףҶԺС㣡
ҶһָоһǸΪһ㣬û̫⡣
ǰɣҼסˡҶһŭҶһ֪ʲôүֻۡ
ο˶Ů䣬Զͷһۣ˼һ£ȥһȦŪһʮɵľʯýʯ
ͷʯԱߣԨһʯɷһһ֮ĵͷ
ȻŷǲҶ˵ʲôһֹһ̻ǻʱطЦݡ
棬ҶȥٽһֻʯдһƮȴĴ֡
֪ȮҲ
һɨ̤ʬУ
ү·˭ܵ
ΨϷ
ּؿ̻ھʯ֮ϣѵõǣмУ͸¶޾İ롣
·ܹһλƵӣֳֳɱһ㣬նɱһǿߡ
үүֺ˵ŷ߶˼󣬺ȻһĿҶ


321 
ѵǸүŷǺͳȻһ죬ͬĵ
ٺ٣ŲţóáҶЦĵϵıȴҪǷᣬжǷᡣ
ȻЩŵص콣ϿȣĻˣؽϷʥصӣͷ
ʱ״˵еˣΪʲôһֱˣԭһжҶĹ
ΪҶڿ̻Ǽֵʱķ˵󣬸ӵı档
Ҷ̫ˣյע⣬ֻĳŷһ̾ĵ
ȿȣⲻգǻۣ֮ŷŮעµĴǡҶЩƵĵ
ҶԱı飬ʱöŮһЦЦ绨񲢵˫һ㡣
һŶŮܰЦݣҶ޸п
ҶŷǻЦݣҶ֣СҶԲ𣡡
Ҷһ㶡ôúõģʲôǸ
ŷΪҵˣǰǲã̫ˣԭ𣿡
ˮŰϾջ䣬Ȼ㵣ˡȻ㣬˰壬ҲȻҶԺҲˣ
һ΢ЦͷĳȻҶижȻԼĿеŮΪԼ鷳
ʵҶͿŷǵı仯ԴӳȻֺԱòһˡ
Լˣܵ˴һΪŮѽһԼŮӣԼһˡ
֪֪ҶȴûκЧİ취ûеɽֻĥϡ
һѽŷ§뻳УݺݵӣϣŷǣһƬ̺ʧδҸоС
ֹŷ˫һ룬糺죬ؾҵǸܻӭĽģҶڻˡ
ȻŷǷӦһУ뿪ҶĻͨվĿͣضš
ʱȻһ΢ЦĿŶˣŷǵһ͵ȣȻε߻һ˵Ĵڣܲߡ
ȻһϷʵĿԼŷǺ޲ҸطȥЩصȻ㣡
һЦҶ˹һѱסȻݺݵһڵˣǳƽˣ˭ҲЦ˭ˣ
Ȼһ죬ֵС¼ı˶ռˣ
ŷҲ˽ߣ٩٩̸Ҷｲһľ
ҶҲûʲôģֱӽо˵һ飬ȴľ
벻Ҷոսս벽սһһ亹
Ҷ󰵽׳棬һϲֲҶҪͣɱǿߣǵɿˡ
ȡѻ֮ݸŮǶʱϲ쳣˶ý֣ڻ⼫Ϊء
˷׷׿ʼѻ֮ŷΪϵͣЩֵסǹɿֲĽ⣬ǾһŬǿշ
Ůֳֻ֮֮ϣһϲ֮ɫѽ̫Ҫˡ
ϱߵĽ⣬һܹȫ򣬱Ȼһ˿ʥ
Ҫ֪ϣʥѾߵսͬһĴڣȻһ˿ΪãҲΪˡ
˷ܵˣͬʱҶϣӡһǣҶҸε
΢һ£Ҷϸһսȷûκοɵ˿󣬴ŶŮֱȥ

Ҷ뿪ĵڶ죬˷սۼǿѹֲ־ʾһʥӼս
˷ҶµǸʯ˶ͷһ˶ˣһֲϢһϷʥүնɱ
ϢһʱǰۿΪһʼкܶˣΪҥ
кܶ˶Ϣ֮ԱǣʲôЦʥӼǿս򲻹ӣôܻʥ䡣
ϢȴԽԽȣһЩԭŵˣҲʼҡˣУ޵̬ȣȥˡ
ǿʯʯǸʮɸߵɫͷʱ̲ס
ʥӼǿ߶Ǹӣ㾡һԴǿߣȻˡ
Զսô꣬ǵһʥӼǿߣս䡣
սϵѹǹɰ־ټʯϵĿԣ޲ʾү·
ۿˣЩ˲ʥ֮ˣһЩϷʥصĵӡ
ǾôʱսԭȵپӢѾˮһ룬νʧء
ɱ¾һʼͻų޵ĵЩ߸ϵʥصӣֻԼɱˣ˲ܷ˼룬Ѿٹ̡
ʥôˣǲʲôԭѾ˺֮ǡ
ϷʥصүȻһʥӼնɱ׷Ѫ
ǿ֮󣬶ĵ뿪ˣΪԶԶؾͷ֣һȺڵ˵ˡ
ƽնϢǿ֪ˣҲ׷׸
Ժ齭ͻսϵʱʯƽͷʱһŭ𡰽̫棬ҪʬΣ
Ҷﲢ֪ЩŶŮн
ʵʷΧֻ֮ңΧԲʮһƬһƬ
ûκĵر˵⾪˵ĸ£ûߵ
ҶŶŮΧµʱǰĻ浲סǵȥ·
ҶʶɨЩ棬Ȼ֣ԼʶһӴǹɻ̼ɢ·ܹȼһ㡣
æʶջĸ£ҶЩɻصǣȷжٻ㣿
Ի˿ŷûа㲻ʣˮһĸо
ͷܸоǸﶫںңǳ
Ҷһ£ŷǻ壬ҲҪĶҲ˵
ŷǻ壬ͳȻǣָֻܵ湥
ֻŷһ˽ȥҶɲģʱȻҶһɣҲиӦȻҵĽ֮壬ˣǻУܹҵĽ֮øӾ
Ȼôһ˵ҶͷСȥ
еĸ˲ӿŷûκεֵǹɻԼ
ǻ˵ǰʱŷϵԪ˲䱻ȼȻĻһ˿
ҶͳȻͲˣֻԪȥԿ浲⡣
˼һаȫ໥һͷʼǰн
Խ룬ĻԽӵĿֲҶͳȻòӴԪȡ
нǧʱ򣬻һƬɫüΪֲ
ʱŷǶо˼ѹʼͷԼԪԿˡ
˽ӽʱ򣬻ɫǹɿֲĸ£Ϊ֮ɫһ䡣
ŷǺȻָɫһ壬˷ܵصٻң


322 ϻ
ҶͳȻ˵ŷǵָǰһֻɫĻ֮УһԲ尲ڻ֮С
ǸԲֻһ߶ӣĳֶĵȴûа㲨
ҶӽָȡһƷӽɫĻ֮Уһʱ䣬ǸʼڻȻʧ
˲кȻֲ̫˰ɣƷֲһʱ䡣
ԡŷһҧȫԪɫĻȥ
Сһ㡱Ҷ֮׼ԮȻŷǻ֮壬ɫĻֲ̫ˣ¾ܣδؿס
飡
ɫĻŷϵɢĻ淢˴Ȼҩһ㱬ŷǶʱɡ
ҶϽֽŷǽס΢һ£ŷǲûյʲô˺ŷ
ŷЩɬصɫĻ棬۳Ļų⣬޷ȥ
ۼȴ޷õκ˶ʣŷҲ⡣
Ҷһ֣Ԩ֣ԨɫĻ֮С
ɫĻ֮кԨһӲû𻵵Σա
ҶȴоԼڷٵʧֲɫĻ棬Ȼڼٵ
Ҷﲻҵ߶ԨǸֵȥŹֵ
ǵԨҪֵʱһԨζʧܸա
Ҷʱļ죬æԨջأԼľԨΣˡ
̶̼ʱҶ纣һգɫĻʵ̫ˡ
ŷǼҶﶼûа취ȡĿһ˿ȻǿƸһĨЦݵ˰ɣҲԵǻǳȥɣ̫Σˣ
ҶȴΪ۾һգգضɫĻ棬˭Ҳ֪Щʲô
Ҷ˳˼ΪҶΪԼѹŷҶǿûµҶȥĵطԵɣ
ŷҶﷸ˾󾢣ᱻֲɫŪˣɴޱȿĶ
ȻҶعЩصǣһӣ֪вУ
ģ˵˵ŷĿһЩеĵ
ҾҪЩ棬֮пõǸֵҶ
ŷǿǿֲɫ棬гһĨڴҶ˵ģԼܹԺԵʱܹĻ棬Ǽֱֲ̫ˡ
ҶºΣգɫ漫Ϊ죬Ūû˼ǵıԴȻһصĵȻΪҶеðա
Ǻǣһˣҿ϶ȥðգҵһȥͲһˡҶŵĵ
ǣȻЩɻŷҲһãȻ
ҶЦ˽𣬽ľľһɫĻ棬תȻȻȻתңʹľ֮ٷǾͳһѭֻҪƿغӦûκ⣡
ŷǺͳȻһϲĿҶ޵ҶôķӣҲ
Ǻǣֻһ룬вУҪʵǿʼɣտʼСһ㣬յСһ㡱Ҷĵ
ŮæͷŷվǰȻվıһ˫εıϡ
ҶְڳȻϣоŮһЩţȤȻļۻ·ܸо
Ȼʱһ죬ֵ˵˵㣡
ҶĴȤ˶ʱ˲٣Ҷʼɣ
ŷһĿǰɫĻ棬γһУǣһɫĻڡ
ǹɻŷں󣬶ʱıԴ֮ȼʼų
ʱȻԪŷγһŷеԪʼȻȥ
ԪĻ棬˹ȥûһ˿

ŷǵԪӿŷȻڵʱʱͬ¯֮һ㣬ͬʱǹɫĻҲŹ·Ҫһһ㡣
Ȼڵǹɿֲĸ£ʱһǿߣͬʱһɱȽ͵Ļ֮
Ȼæǹ͵Ļ֮ŷǣԭԪһյŷǵõԪʱ
ҶӱһεϺ˶պ˽ֿ࣬ʼµһ
ֱֹҶŷÿξҶ˺ɫ棬ԭĻ֮
Ҷľ֮ۺϣֲɫڲô񱩣Ǳ΢ºһЩ
ʱɫĻ棬ӵл֮ŷ˵Ͳôˡ
ŷǵĵڵĻ棬ɫһʱŷǵĵڳһϸСɫ档
ŷǷĿϲССĻ֣Ժ㲻ǰɫĻ棬ֻҪϸҲԽԼıԴ֮
ӿٶȣ
ԪһֻȦҶŷǵΪ˽⣬Լתˡ
ŷϵ𽥼ӴԽԽɫ汻սŷǵڵɫԽԽԽԽŨ

ɫ֮ʱΧҶսĵط
ҶµʯѾԺ齭飬ƽͷҲߣֵҲѾɢȥ
ǽͻȻһȺˣϵûдķΣһɫĶ˺˿ǵݡ
ǰһˣϸһսʯǰϱһЩּ
ص֣ԭһԸҶģû뵽·ɱһүüƻȫˣ
ŵ㣬һеĲ߻ߣԼ߻ľ籾Ȼ⡣
ôôɺϣҶûпܺͬһˣһŵӵ
ҡҡͷܣҶȻҿ͸սҶǹģܻᷢôĽ⣡
ҶҲްв齣𣿡Ǹŵʵ
΢Щصɵҵƶ𣿡
ϢŭСĲҡǸӶʱ֪Լ˵ˣæϻ̳Ͽֵĵ
ߣǸҶ˫޲٣ʲôʱ˵һ޻ʹý⣬ֱֳսģһ
½֪޶Ԧ齣裬Ϭ޷赲û˵Ǹޣֱֳ˵ġ
ӢС֪ˣ
ȻԸ˷ѿ࣬ʵȥ׷ɱǸŮӣϢ
Ǹŵɫһ䣬ҧǸŮӣȻսǿһܹ߶壬˾ŸˣǱˣ
һȺŭһһ񣬼ƻб䣬ȵ͵һӣܼ¶ˣ
㿴սȻ䣬ԭƽͫУȻһֻۣԵޱȵ조ү㵽Ǻηʥأ


323 Ƿȸ
Ҷ˾Ŭŷǲͣպɫ棬ڵıԴ𣬱ȫȡ
Ȼɫ˿ڵĽ֮õ˼ᴿ;ûһ˿ʣȻΪûдߣڽ֮תӿֲˡ
ʱҶɿ֣˻ˣһۣ˶Էе˷ܡ
ûеõıǶҲõ˼컯һ
ŷһȣɫĻڶ𣬻ԡڻ֮Уɫ裬Ů·
Ȼһϲصϲã޵ϻԺȻͻͽһ·߸裡
ŷǻ壬ɫ棬սΪֲ˵ԺΪȻἱ
лл㡱ŷɫ棬һ˷ܵųȻ㣬ôʲôջ񣿡
Ȼ΢΢һЦ˪ѩ֣һ㣬ʱһɼХ
εĽɫǰնȥϢ˸о䣬ֱɵǰޱȿֲϻ𣬶гһ϶
ĽսһءŷǿųȻϲĵ
ŷǺͳȻһۣתͷҶοԿˣʲôĶûõ
˭˵ġҶЦһһɫ磬ڶҶָⲻͣĵһƤĺͯͣˣ
ǹɫһ֣ŷǺͳȻʱĲ˼顰ȻҲƿصɫ棡
ԭҶת;У˿ۡһɫԼȻԼĲǻ壬оȫֻҪԪۺһж⡣
ҶĻ֮ǿû취˭רߣֻ۳һЩⶼҪϰ쾢
񿴵ɫ棬µĻǾͲҶˣϻҶһӦǣԺҲþصȴˡ
ͬʱҶһ죬ָͷðһĨ͸Ľɢɢſֲѹ
찡Ľ֮ŷһȻҲһš
ٺ٣ڸղת֮ʱһ˿ȻĽ֮Ȼ۳Ľ֮޷ȻȣѾˡҶһĵ
߼Ϊϡ٣Ҷһŷǽ֮תΪԼʹãѾ׺ŵרˡ
ŷǺͳȻһۣκͬʱӣ³̬֡
ҶһƵŮӦʱע󣬿ȿȣðɣǲˣǣ߽ܲϻΧڡ
ŷǸæٻϻ壬ǰȥӴɫʱ򣬽΢΢һ𣬲ûбȻɫ治ųˡ
ϸֳһƬϲ֮ɫŷǻĵĹֵȥֵߵʱǹٻԽˡ
ŷǻ֣ظֵȻһǿճס
ûŷüκζһɺޱߵӿŷǵڡ
ŷǵĵڵϻһͬһ㣬ȼ
ߵĻĻ棬һڶɢʮԶͬһλ档
ȻҶﶼһҶһֱעŷǣŷȻ𾪣ȴûһ˿̼ŨŨľϲ
ǹӿ룬ŷǵΪȻԭֻ۷ŷǣһ˲ڡ
ǹļӿ룬ŷΪûаͣϢڽڽ
ڳף
нף
ڸ߽ף
۷壡
ٶЩ̫˰ɣȻҶﶼһĿš
ȻŷǵΪǸȴΪι̣ûаɶ
䣡
һ񱩵ŷߵɫͬըһ㣬ӿȥͬʱֲѹ
Ҷﶼˣֱ󰡣ɫӿҶͺһɫɢγһǽ
飡
ҶǰĻǽһ䶯ΪͬԴԭ򣬻ǵסǿֲıơ
ҶΧĻɢ֮Ҷ﷢Χɫ˥ȥ
ԶŷǿȥʱһŮ񣬻ϻΧƣʥַ
ƯȻѿ޵
꣡
Ǹֵһ죬漴һ˿Ƴ֣ĳ֣Ȼը
һ߶೤Ĺ񣬸ڰУŽɫë滷ƣ񿥲
Сһһ֣һͷŷǵĻУȻŷǼΪ׽
ҶҾȻһͨĸоŷһϲĵ
ʲôҰҶ󿴿ֿûȻ״ǰҰȽ񣬱߶˳
ȻŷǻеСһʱŭҶһ죬һɻҶϮ
ǹɻ漫Ϊ΢ûиҶճʲô˺ŷŭҶ۸˵ǲȸǸ߸ϵĴڣ
ġȻʱϲãȸԶʱڵ֣Ѫ߹󣬾˵ǲ˺ᣬȻΪһ
Ҷһ㶣ȸˣ£ѵ磬Ҳзˣôпܻˡ
˵ôһ岢û˵󻰣пһĺˡ
ᰲοһ²ȸŷҶǰ˷ܵصҶ̫ллˣ
ô̫˲٣Ҷģʲô˴ˡҶƤ
ŷһ죬ȴ˻ϲջʵ̫ˣ֪ҶлЩף鲻Խ˵˳
ǣȻŶܹͨܲ˵˵սҶ˵һ룬ȸ۾ضԼæĿڵ
ŷǵͷŻеĲȸκҡҡͷ˵ǰһжǵˣΪҲҪ
ȻҶԤϵĲ࣬ȸôһ㣬һ޶㣬һжҪǰļ䣬Ҳʧˡ
ȸŷһٶȱȻΪ٣ز֮󣬾׷
ȸŷǵĻͷ­ͣǵزŷǵ°͡
ȻҶɫһ䣬һѽȸͬСһץסŭʵ˵㵽еĻŮģҵҵ棬ŵͣ
ǲȸҶУʱŭצӺͶҶһצҶǿᣬ˿˲
ŷǶʱֺֺЦһȻڳԴףһѽҶƿȸڻУŭصŮģ۸Ҹ㼱
˵һǸĸģҶĲ٣ղżŷΰȥģҶһĽʼɺޡ
˵һǸģҶ㲻һҲŷߡ
ҶﶯóȻһЦҶﲻЩ˼ᣬһжᣬȻ⿪ˣǻ뿪ɣ
ŻĵΧĻ濪ʼϨᱻ˷֡
Ҷ뿪ƺĻȫϨ𣬷Բһ߽ڵʯ֤ﾭһС


324 ͷж
Զսһɽ֮У˳ïܣˮսѵõһ̵ء
һ֮ϣ߶೤ͭ㣬ˮɢ˴εζ
Ҷﾫĵؿ㣬ŷǺͳȻһڴſŷǻеĻС۾ɵԲԲģŻϵĿ㡣
Ҷɫĺ㰡žˮŷǵ
ٺ٣ǵȻˣ̫Ű֮һͭ㣬ǿҪпڸˡҶһĵ
Щͭ㣬СڣҶֻһͿԵٻ
ûȺϣͭ㷢Ҷûκв
һ߿㣬һ߻ڿɫ棬ں濾ͭͭвʱƮ
ҶһҪԵ𣿡ŷЩɻʵ
ŮʵЩְҶˣʲôҶЦ
ǸһôˣЩֵֹġŷЩҡͷ
ʲôͷǱ󣬰࿴Ѫʳɱ¾ֱ񼫣
ҶŵܹҶĶӣķӦøлҲŶԣ
ѾˣȳҶȡ̣ƬɱƬݸǡ
ŮὫУʱ磬֭ˮ֮䡣
úóԡŮʱĿŹ⣬ͭζ޲ڡ
ŷǻеĻˣŷǵĻ˼£Ȼڿ顣
ŷǸæһݸЦԲ𣬶ˣ
Ҷ˵磬ȫгɱƬݸŮö˿Ĳѡ
Ҷô԰ҶԼԣȻʵ
Ǻǣǳ԰ɣҵųԹءҶͳԹһͭ㣬ζޱ⣬ܸԼṩ̫һ˷ѡ
Ҷ֪ŮƽˣϾƽɹΣǳ⣬»ЩӰ
ûôɻˣֻҪˣôԣûκ
һں󣬶ʱŨ˲ȫʮǧë׶һˬ
ҶаѣƽѪ֮Ѿﵽ˷˼ĵزˡ
Ѫеľһڵǿߵʮ
һȸԵĻϲŷǺͳȻºƽһθоŵĸо
һۣɵһͨ죬Щ˼ͭʵ̫ζˣֵס
Ƚȫ꣬ǲŷŵǳŵһˡ
ҶЦ̺ͭһ˶ԷǽԿ
ڵһγҶͷָоҶﲢȱָԲҪ
ŮҶĻ󣬷׷תԪȻڵ˿˿ǸоԼľȻ࣬һֲĸо
ͭ㱻Ϊ̫Ű䣬Ȼ鴫ֻΪζȻԵ
ҶｫȫԹ󣬾ȻɫЩ죬ȻЩһĸо
Ⲣ̫࣬ҶȻһʱˡ
Ҷ΢뿪Ůһξ룬ʼڵ⣬ⱻһһҶա
ȻҶڴһ˿ŹֵĺǸǳУҶʱһϲ
ͭսڴԲˣǰҶȻٻͭսǰı׼ѾԲˡ
Ǹı׼Ҫﵽ塱ĴﵽԲ
˵󰵽һԲҶ׷ʵʱ򣬾ȴ첻
˫ȭҶоǰδеǿȻһ֣Ҫش򴩵
ȻŷԶԶؿҶʹûתԪȴ˸е¶
оҶǱĿֲһֵ߸أǳĽ
𾪵ͬʱҲеޱȵԺǿˣǡ
Ҷ֪㻹ҪǻǷֿɡȻŷҶߵ
Ҷһ㶣һµǵжҲģһǸǰɣ
ŷųȻֵѾõĻԵԺһȻģֻҪڣûܹ˺㣡
Ļ˵ķǳᶨѾ۷弶ǿߣȻֻǸող룬ȫӳ۷弶ʵ
Ϊ֮壬ȫֲⷽĲ㣬ʥӼǿߣҲһս֮
οȻҲ۷壬һӦòʲôΣա
ҶﻹЩԥȻظҶյҶȻʲô˵֪һණ֮Բ˵ΪǵģܹоĵӺأȻǰﲻʲôǲϣ㣡
ҶȻһ޵ĳ嶯ȻУ˽Լˣһ֪ĽһһֱĬĬػԼ
ҶᱧųȻͷ㷢֮УǼȫķ㡣
ŷҶı῿ҶļϣҶǿһʱ·ڴ˶

պҶеĲᣬ뿪˶Ůս
ȻҶһ𣬵ǲʵսˣһ˿ȪϢû
ϴҶƮƮΪԼһ£ûʲôֻ˵ȪǴڵģӦԶս
Զսޱߣ׶˭Ҳ֪
սһܣԹ಻ʤ̽أΣ
ѾɽˮĵزûвȪò˶ã壬ҪԶʧˡ
ҶȻӦ񣬾һҪŬԼʹ㲻ᣬѡ뿪
Ҷһ·УѾսٶѾ˵ͼϼصһУһƬδ֪
Ҷеʱ򣬿ʼһЩǿĶ飬ȥɱһڵԹ顣
ҶʶɨһۣǸԹػĵطһʬ壬ʬзһϵƿʶɨһöҩ
ɢŲҶҡҡͷЩһһǳƿԹ鷢𹥻ġ
һĵҩѾˣǰæһҲҪ˵컯ˡ
ҶｫʶſַԲڣôһֻ飬սʵ̫ˣҶֿ̽أһɳһ㡣
ǰһʱ䣬Ҷ﷢һС飬Χһ벽Թ顣
ǸطһɢſֲѹĳϢӦһ
ǸСӵķΣҶЦˣǾڤԺĵӣͷǹƽΪŷĵһ֡
ߵһλֱֳĵӣǾڤԺõԵ顣
˷ֱ𾭹ѩҹ꺮㣬Ϊһ¥ȻѾѾǸ벽Թĥǿ֮ĩʤǰ
ǰСӹԹһ忴ˡȻһޱŵȴͷһ


325 ԩҾͷ
ΧԹľͷһȻԶڵһǿߣв̾ѡ
ս죬ΣðʱΣգභԹ飬ۼʤȻ·ɱһȺժӵġ
ƽһˣʱ˰أĵ
Ժң
ԺңҶʹ壬񾭹µĵڻָʵ
ΪѪʹ󣬸Լ˴󻼣ֻսܹõһЩĵرֲܹ
̽УһСӣȻһ벽ĥһϢʱϲ
벽Թ飬Ϊû֧֣֮սûа취İ벽ȣҲǼΪѶԸ
ˣڵǿߣҪսʤһ벽Թ飬ҲҪСĽҪһսܺ
ǸԹѾһϢǰҲǿ֮ĩôı붼룬ֱӹ
ԵһصĿǣֽŵԪյģѾˡ
ôͶɹʵЩġ
ô죿Եʵ
ƽԿЦһµô죬ɣܱȶǿ
ƽҪ׼кҺˣȻԺ齭ЦȻǾڤԺˣղſˣĻǲҪԹ飬ð£
Ժ齭Ļ˵꣬һЦ˻
ƽ־ŭô˲ѾøˣǻҪϾɱ𣿡
ЦǸ߰һ壬Щི̫߿ԼˣƷζɡһĴЦԺ齭˻ƽ
ƾڵʵȫɵնɱǰƣèһܾ޾ľ
£ƴˣ
ЩڤԺĵǣ۾ѾˣҪԹ飬һǿƴ
һҺ͵סǣȫߣ߼߼ͷҶ˭ɱǾУһǱġƽȫ׼ƴһ
ʦ֣
ǼӶʱһУˮ˫ۣ֪ƽ׼ͬھˡ
ߣһȺ׳գƾҲһһǿһ˻һŹƽ
ڹƽۼ׼ͬھʱһӰƾճǰӭһǿߡ
һ۵ȭͷӳǸһǿߣȻǰһˡ
авܣȴԼıһ̶סˣֻȻĿǸȭͷԼԴϡ
ۣ
ϱѣǸһǿԴһһ
һ˽һŽʬ߷ɣʧȥͷ­Ǹʬʱһ׶ɵʬ
üΪһ۲զؿŵڹƽǰǸɫӰ
Ҷ
˶һǶϳӣֻڤԺǻһҧгݵŭȡ
ȻҶгһѪɫһʸɹǸԹҪԺӣһɫļʸըɷĩ
սʱҪ񣬻ûġҶЦŶǸѾŵɫ԰׵ĵӵ
ǸӻشԺҵŭҶһҪʬΣ
壡
Ժҵһĸ˺ԥȼ˾Ѫٻ塣
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Ǹһǿ߶ʱһԶһ֮£˴˭ҲûԤϵ
쵰
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׳գô೤ˣ㻹ΪҸǰһ𣿡
һ죬һѽסԺҵβ͡
䣡
޴ҶڵĴһӣƽƣɫһ䣬һϺȡˣ
˶æԶȥһӣǰæ֮УԹػʬϵĳȡ£ֱӵݸƽ
ƽæӹݺݵصǸһۣʲôʱˣǵǸ⼱ɡ
ǸոշߣߵĿֲ׷˶˰ա
ҶץסԺҵβͣߵҺûʹùޣ֪߱޺òã
˵һǿԺҶʱɼķͬһ޴󳤱ޱ
ӰһĻߣʣ¶λһǿ߹ȥ
һǿߣΪ˼ǿսʹ壬ȫָı塣
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ӭԺ齭Ȼ޷ܿ޴Ӱʱײһ𣬷һ졣
һǿߣʱɣ֪˶١
Ժ齭ҲùһѪ޴ͷϣƤѾˡ
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˵ŻеĶȴͣͣһǿߣ˼º󣬱㲻ٶӲǱˡ
һǿѾҶҲûмʬȤС߱ޡһ裬Ŵҡ
ž
ž
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죬ضѺۣҪ˵Ժǿ
ҶôãȻûһ
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һѽԺڵϣԺ齭ȷӻͷ­ǰ¶һͰЦݵֵܽɺã
ۣ
Ժ齭ٴοȳһѪҶϽٿԺҵʱһڱ۾Ҷĥ
治Ҷһҡͷԭ汻ĥһײеļһûˡ
ʱԶսľڤԺĵǣҶͬˣһ㣬ͽǿһǿ߸ˣޱ𺳡
׷Ҷ￿ٽʱҶѾƤѾڶ￪ʼˡ
ͷƤ˳ɫİҶٶѾﵽһ£ֻҪʱ䣬ͽһ߸ˡ
ƽɵɵĿҶĶַͬһʦһҳһ㡣
ҶùƽƤͷպãƽϤҶԸ񣬸ɴҲжյ
˷׷óʳҶԽһǵľ
ƽ֪Ҷڰǰи֣ȥ˵˲õĶ
ΪƽСʵһ㣬ûйƽֻһһ
ҹƽ˵һҶϢǾǾڼǰǷֻҲˣҲ˸
Ҷʱһ֣üһǵþˣСүһϴϢظû˰ɡ
Ҵҽ꣬һö콣ݣƽСĽ󣬱ս


326 
Ҷһ·ǰУ·ںԹսڼԹ顣
ڹ벽ԹĶ٣Ҷֻ飬ͱԹɱ䣬˲ء
Ҷﲻ¸пͬǰ벽Թ飬սҲͬû֧֮ţϡŹֵĹֶΣҲЩֵܹġ
Ų˶ԹУҶﶼЩľˣЩ߸ϵܣ׹ȣԻᱻһţǵݰ
ȻҶǰһֻ飬ոһ벽Թɱ׼ȥȡսƷ
ռһ󲨶ĸͻȻϢĳ֣гâһǼԭսĽƣǿߣʱͻ͵Ϯնɱɼ顣
ȪţҶһǰȥ
ĸȪŵɱֽ֣Ǽ˵ָȫԹػʬһĶ̽һֶθɾ䣬Ȼþѵ
˸մɨսȻˮȻ֣˲͸ĽѾ˵ĺ
ʣµ˴һҪΪԴһػʱԹȥ
Ҷһɱ֣߾ǵڣ
Ҷｫİ齣ԨѺĵһ齣ڵҶڻָ޵ݡ
ԨѾƷʼߣ齣Ȼһ϶١
С죬Ҳ鿴һļ䣬Ǹĸʲôȥˣ
õģ磡
СҶʶ֮У֤Ҷһ·ɱĸ֮ѾɳףѾһħħˡ
ҪҵǸģǰոմ·ȥǰƫķ򣬾ʲôҲ
Ҷͷֻǻĵ£֪̫֪࣬·Ҳˡ
ؽǸȪɱֵĲšϣϵջȫȡ־Ȼ
аȺ쵰̫ˣһȺѪ棬רǱһԣȵܾ֮ʣٳ͵Ϯ
˱ģҶֻҪҪɵһ㶼ԥġ
Ȼ֪˴·Ҷﲻڵ飬ǰнСõнǰһ̶
Ҷʱͣ½Ų̶ֻзԲΪۡ
ҶʶɢȻ̶ʯڵһ࣬һһͨС졣
϶ΧҰݣҶʶȥ֪̽¾Ҫˡ
ʶǰ죬Ǹ϶ȻʮﳤȻҶ﷢һСǰƶӰ
ҶʱǷһ˿ЦݣСӣҵˡ
ΪˣǸСǰƶӰǱˣġ
ҶһϢȫΪɱˣҶﲻòʮֵľ
΢΢һƮǸ϶ҶｫжԻĵĵȫѹ£ľ
ʼոŻǰһ·ϱʮİȫ룬ҷϢ
һ·Ͼ˼ڣǻһ·ûκԥһǰ
Ҷв죬ĶＫΪ˽⣬ȻǻȪŵǰǣ̽µļǺš
ҶԽĺʲôû͵͵һ
Ҫ֪ʥӼĸ֣ǰˣһȵڲȻΪ˱ܿǡ
콣ϿȵһΪҲΪ˶ĿѣȻ콣ݱȽ󣬵ǲֵԳֲժŶԡ
뵽ڻĵĿģԽڴСӾͼıС
СǰУȻֿʼԭ·˻ҶҲʼˡ
˷֮󣬲ŽŲǰн
Ҷﲻһƻ꣬󣬵˸٣Ȼ̽
Լһ·ϣϢµë׶ȫرգΪ̥Ϣƾζᱻ
ζûзֿĲķӿŲн
ڰʱǰһССˮ̶Բǧɣ̶ˮƯһЩɫֲϱ߽ٿöɫιʵ
ףȻߣǸСҶԺ
ߣǺö𣿡Ҷʵ
ʥ½ѾǺöˣ
ô÷
һţ۷ǿߣٷְٽ׳Ϊ벽ĵ
ʲôҶʧУͷȻô죬ȻһţϾܳΪ벽ˣ
Ҫ֪һ۷嵽벽һǳؼĿ߶ֱԪľҲ޷ǰ벽
Ϊ㵽ڣڲС磬޷֮ôԶ޷̤벽
СҲΪʧǵͲͬˣǵ磬תƵ磬ԼˣСɿ
񵱳Ҷ۹ʱ򣬽ؾǾһµģȻѾٳС磬ֻҪΪƻͿԱ
۷嵽벽һǵһ㣬ߵ֮·նϡ
ļЩ֮󣬶ʱĻ˫۶Ҫɳˡ
ðβʦүֻ˵һ߳죬û뵽Ȼô࣬ţһȪţȻ޵й
˵һ򶨵ĻģȻЩˣȷʵȪţѾλ۷弶ǿߣ߸˳ߣϻȪžλ벽ǿߡ
ʮЩ˳ΪܣôʥأҲǲǡ
ڻķЦ֮ʣһζŻײ
ĴһеĳݳݺݵնǵӰϡ
顱յ΢΢һ𣬻ĺǵӰ˳ɡ
Ȼɻţߺ㵱ڣʦүҲзˣֳɡһߣгٴζǸӰն䡣
ʱҶڿǸӰһֻҵ㣬ɢŰ벽Ϣ
ԭĵʦүһʱзߺʱѣողժĵһöͱͷ벽Ϯʱӱҧ顣
ȪŵʦүҲȷʵǿƾڵΪӲ˳ڳǰ˱ǡ
ӳȻƾҩסΪ̫أԶս󣬾Ҳûڽ¶档
Ժһǿߣֱ˻ţϣ
ԼԶսϴ߸ķ£̶ֻ̰ʱ䣬ľʹ۷壬˰벽
ıѩΪʱ̣ƾŰ벽Ϊսһ
طǳ֣Χʯܶȼ󣬾ת֮Ҳûбٻ
սһʱ򣬻Ľвͣеĳɢһɿֲѹ˲伤նȥ


327 
սһʱĽвͣеĳɢһɿֲѹ˲伤նȥ
Ȼ󣬵ǸӦΪһһţ³һ쵰͵ӣŻĵĳײȥ
䣡
ռһ޴һһɣ˫˫ײұϣĶʱ³һѪ
ͷ򱻻³Ǹӣȴû𻵣ԵЩ޹⡣
ӦѾĶʱղһ˲ˣǸӼ졣
վΣǸӣҪָҪӵһ̡
ĶȻһһɷѾļϱ߸ŵĿҪ顣
д󺧣ĻԪתأǰ塣
ԭҶǴսʱǱ룬ȥи֮ʣ͵Ϯ
ΪһǹԿһû뵽侪ˣǹһɲ˷Ӧ
ҶʱоԼǹⱻһɹסǹϵȻ˴롣
ˣ˻ĵĺĲɱֳ֣νƻ⵽С
ҶҪһɲǣ˷˳ȥҶûзӵء
ˣǹϱҲ㼴ȫ顣
ۣ
һѪ滹һЩϸС飬ſ͵Ϯ֮ˡ
ҶҵšľȻûһ˿ͣճأæ⼲
ߣܡҶһ𣬶Ż׷ȥ
ɫһѿһŹӡһѪɫ˲ֽͬһ㡣
ȪѪܣ
ĵ˲仯һ⣬֮ǰٶȿʮգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ҷǰʧˡ
ҶﱻٶһҲ̫˰ɡ
ҲףһʹԲеطʹú󣬸һ׾֪ˡ
ȻеźȼջҶﲻйҲпɰĵطġ
صС̶ϣҶﻺö쵰СԲԲȥûʲôĵطȻܹһûа𻵡
ڵһЩΪħޣŻģǳ󡱾͵
ôʹãҶﲻЩɻ󣬿ȥ쵰ɼӲޱȣ̯ɵȻʵ
ڵˮԵģˮȻܿգ
ĵϢҶʱһϲͬʱԺиֳҶˮݡ
ٺ٣ǱˣҶĻϲĽ̶еߵôϹذɣ
Ѷȣʯңʵؼ൱
ԵġҶ
ѺܴЩԸĵ
Եģ
Ĭһµðɣģ
ռͻȻԲǧɵˮ̶ͬһˮһ㣬˳
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻǱģȻŭָϰҵԺԼ취
ٺ٣ԺԺ˵ɡҶԷһ䣬˫ֽӡ̶ˮ
ΪҶͿ̶ˮĲѰˮڵЩҩҪŨǱ
ҶｫС̶ҶСڣѾγһƬۣһͺСɽϱ߳żٶķڤ
һﳤǧĿԱһԲǧĴͭȥ
ˮ̶ޱȣٺ٣ЩɶǱ
ЩߣҶΰƻڿԿʼˡ
ʱҶͰѻߵˣСȥ

һ˵ɽУûлͣĿѪҧгݵصҶҵţһҪʬΣ

Ҷ󣬱սĸȥ
ΪҶΧһµʱѾ˺ԶݵľӢӣѾƼ˺ܳһξˡ
ҶĶ飬ѾΪһ֣ΪҶ̫࣬Ŵģһһģԡ
Ҷǰʶս𽥶Ķ
϶ǼΪǿľսСĵǰƽ嵽ҡ
϶ڣڵĵӿżܼһЩڸԹս
впڤԺУҲǴˣݵľӢУֻĩȴҲֻھӢĺ߸š
߼ɱ࣬ΪǾӢеľӢûһӣ˭ҲԼ鷳
һ·˼ʮ飬ҶĶʶƶݵǿߡ
Ҷûϳǣкܶ˶ϳҶΪҶһۺֻлߺڵΪʵ̫ˡ
ûɣǸһûȻˣ
͵ļһֻлΪȻһ˵죬ҵȻ𣡡
ٺ𣬲һʲô£طȫǸľڣֵôˣñ⽴ЩҶˣߵ
Ҷ߼䣬ǸߣתͷһۣǸףҲϲĸû˵ʲôǰȥ
ǸҶƳһˣȴֱð亹ɫ԰ֽҶ￴һ˲䣬·𿴵֡
ɱԾֻҪҶ룬ͷʱҡ
ֱҶʧǰظأϢΧĪ
ҶǰнһȺϤףһСӣʥصķΡ
ʵΪǿ񹥻һ벽Թ飬ֻ˶̶̰ʱ㽫Թ𣬴Թػʬϣҵһӡ
Ҷĳ֣ʱǵľǿҶʱ׷¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ҷ֣ǰһʥصĺĵ֮һΪǬΪʮֺˬ
ԴĸĻҶһЦ֪λջΣ
ǬҡͷЦҲֵܼãѾһ·ɱص߸벽ԹˣջȴǼҶֵ뿴
˵껰һ־ͽոյõĴӸҶҶӹǸһһִĿռտҲ
ԭռ£ĿռѾѣԭװĶѾ޾Ŀռ֮ˡ
ҶҲ¶һεı飬ȷʵռָͿռĶҲбڵģһʱ䣬ڲĿռͻ
ռָģڳѾǲĴڣǶԶս˵Ȼˡ
˭һûлٻĿռĸ̫ˣ˽⣬ŬôãҲֻѰٵѡ
п䣬ǬͻȻɫһгһīɫ񣬺ȻЩϲصеǰҪϢر֣


328 ɽ
ǬĻҶ΢΢һʵʲôر
ϸĿһǸȻڱʶϱߵϢκһɽڣ˴ĵرҾ˵ɽоرԲΧô
ǻʲôǸϿȥɡҶһĵر۷⣬޲Ϲȥ
ǬԣҲˣչṩķλȥ
Ҷ֪⴫ѶֻʥʸӵУޱȣһҪطѶޱȡ
Ǭһ°ϢǬԵѪԭһսһЩˣ޴󰭡
֮ԸǣҪսĵشȥһݻԵ˲Ҫһ
ʥŮ½ѩǰմϢոյõһԶħʥԳڵѾʼչؽл
ϢҶΪ֮ݣʥڵɵӣҲ̫˰ɣȻɵɵ
Ҷֵܣ·ЩˣҪм·ȻϣǬȻó·
Ҷһ漴Ǭ˼Ҷﴩʥص·һЩҶĻˣĴɵ
ЦһЦԴСˣ·ϰˣһʱ᲻
ǬҶܾҲΣʥӴ˵ֵܣǼȻˣͲаˣȻôʥӴˡ
ҶܲǬ˼ЦԴģСȻţһЩС֮ϡ
Ҷô˵ˣǬҲ˵˼ǰֱǰһ˶ʱ򣬷Ż˽Ų
λһСȥȥҶ˵껰ҲǬӦֱӱǸɱȥ
ǸˣǺۼǻȪŵĵӣʱǾȻҲΧһλ벽Թ顣
ΪʹóɱĻȪţҲɱԽŭֻԼԹӲƴ
Ȼսˣо죬ҪӦһǹӰ
ۣ
ͷ­£˴һҪǸ͵Ϯ߿ȥһɿֲľ磬һƬҫ۵Ĺâµȫ
ͷ󺧣æӶȥ
飡
һ˶ʱһɽУе顣
꣬źХ֮׷״λȪŵӵ塣
֮˶ʱѵƬɸһ㣬£͸Ŀ
صʱѾ˱ֻһǳãһһֵĿǸɫӰ߶һ֡ҶҶ
һΰ׳֮λȪ·ǿߣľõĿĴ𰸣ȥĻǻȥˡ
͵ϮĸоˬѹɱôϲҶֽеĽָ
ǸԹԼҶһеǹ߸߾ûа㻨εǸԹϡ
ԹȻǳǿ󣬵Ǳףֻ֪Ӳƴ
䣡
ǹصԹʱֲʱԹҳĩ׷ڿɢ
ǬҶȻȥ͵Ϯǿߵʱ򣬶ʱһæǰӦ
ǵǰʱ򣬸պҶһǹ벽ԹеĽػʬϵһĳʰ
˶ʱЩȻ˵ҶﵱսڣֻǴţɾš
ˣΪʲô԰µ۹⣬Ҫֻл߼СӣΪֵܣΪҶһһȷĴ𰸡
ΪֻʸƽƽǬ뵽ǰΪʲôֻչһûչҶ
ˣչҶЦ
ʰЩ˺󣬴Ҽ·ǰУһ·ϣЩʥصǣҶԽľ
ǰе;УҶ﷢һЩˣҲһǰ񱼣ȴǵķ򣬾ȻԼͬ
ǬҶԶսϣ֪дѶĴѶʽϾɱܹʹطѶҲ
нڶʱҶ﷢Χ𽥶мʮ鶼ǰн
вٶ飬¶˵⣬ǿǬϵķκ󣬲Գɵɫ
ֱʱǰһɽȺֱޱ޼ʡ
ձе˶ʱоһ֮˶һ𣬾ڵԪٹ
ͷϲϢܹԪתУı
ҸǷǰһ·ϵĶԽԽ࣬˵ʱҶһ£һ·ϹǧྫӢӡ
ҶҲһЩŵӣϤҶҲûǴк
ʱǬҶǣѾԨսһƬδ֪ǰδ̽
Ϊṳ̂㣬һлԵδ֪ģһΣҲδ֪ģҶСĽ
ҶڴӦѾδ֪شô˶ƽˣû˿ŵͼСǾͲˡ
ǰнһʱǰһϿȣϿȵʱ֮ԽԽŨˡ
ɽڣżʮˣǰߣϿ£
찡Ϣ˵ģǸɽϣȻһݵ黨
ѽûۻɣǸǼΪĵȻô󣡡
ǿɽϵҩ֮ʱһ˶ˣͬˮһǰɱ
Ǹոսɽȵʱ򣬶ʱɫһ䣬һǿѹѹĴ
һʱ˶ٲά裬ĺȻ֮ɫ
ʱΪʲôôҩģûȥժˣǰϿڵˣΪʲôжôٻˣԭǶޱȿֲѹ
ǰѾʼǰˣҲ󣬶ͬɽһѹǰߡ
ҶҲɽȱԵоǹѹǲûиоѹѾ󰵽ѹʲôӰ졣
Ҷֵܣô㡱Ǭʵ
Դ磬ҹطıӦС׼ȥȥҶ
ǰߵĵ͸¶ۼʥ֣ƣгʥŮٻҶֵȥĻ»ΣաǬһصġ
ҶԲݣʥʥŮĸֶˣĶͬСɡ
ͬʱҲһļ£ʥӼǿΪΪֲȻƽҲųʥӼǱϾ޷Ƶʥȡ
ȻҶֻ΢֣ԸоʹʹȫƵƽҲĶ֡
ʥ֣ƣѾе֪Լһˣ㲻֪ʯ飬Ҳ۲
ĶԷͬСɣ֪ǺöҪǷˣǾԲҶķȻȥ
˵ľٲά費ͬҶߵļ٣תۼʧ˵֮С


329 ҩ԰
߳ɽ֮УҶǰϡϡӰɽϻǰУӦˣߵѡ
һ·вˣŬĲժЩҩģֻЩҩձ鳤ڸߴҪżѹܵǰ
ǲժҲô򵥵ģҶۼһڵǿţڲժһҩʱԱһֻƴЫӣһ㽫ˡ
˻ûӦѾһƬڣ˲䱻Ҷﶼͫһ
Ķԣ
ûЩݣΪòǺ󣬶ΪʥʥŮûЩ϶öء
ǰǰн˼ǰȻʣһƬԲʮĿյϣҩ԰һ㣬һҩɢ㡣
Ҷ
֥
밵ҹ
ҶﵹһⶼǼƷҩƷƷĵҩǿԹʹõ鵤
Ҷ˫۷ųɫâ֮ʣһСӣĻϽҩ
Ҷһ㶣ֻһսгһѳǹӣһĿϢǿᣬѾﵽ۷壬ҲˣһΪ
£Ҷһ㶡
£ǸǹһЦȷʵǺ£ֻҪɵʮݣͿԻųȥˣ
Ҷע⵽ڲԶĵϣżʬ壬ҶĿ⿴һ˵ʬϣһѽСʱʱһƬ䡣
ʶɨҩ԰ֻʮСĿЩݡ
ҪժݵʱһݺȻһڲݾһֱ̣Ӵ˵ϡ

˲䷢һҽУûȲҽȫ꣬һӱ˸ʬҽڻصǸ˺󣬱ø
Ǹ˵˶һ£ٳٲҼժ
ߣǼӿ춯ٲ֣˭ųȥУСֳֳǹߣ龰һȵ
ߵһ˽ӿڵЩеĻṥˣеĲᣬֻҪܲժʮݣǾͿԻ뿪ˣٺ٣Ƕģ
ʮȻΪΪǿᣬڵΪ۷弶ǿߣȴûзֻ֮ǵв֮¡
۷弶ǿߣսҪǿҶԷ۷壬ֻֻܰװױɱ
Сӣ㻹ʲôϽȥҩʲô𣿡ǸۺӣҶ
ۣ
һֻûаףһ㣬Ӷۺӵǰز󱳡
ʵ̫ˣ˾;ǰһ;ֹˣʱԶͣһ̡
Ҷֱ۴˶ۺӵ壬մ飬ճѪָ䡣
ʦ򣡡
ҩ԰бŲҩˣڱߵĶ˶ʱһǸӰĻ
ɽڵĺĵӣһ˻ǵҶֵġʦ֡͸ĿڽҶʦˡ
쵰ȥ
ڷӦһһǹҶ﹥
ҶﲻؽƴǸʬгһͷܹѪƣȴһץסϮǹ⡣
ž
ǹⱻҶץס۷ǿߣʱһæضᣬȴķ֣Ȼô޷ֺ
֪δʱ򣬳ǹϴһۻľһơ
ۣ
ǹǹ治ɵʹ֮£ֱӶؿڣķţǸ˫ȫã

ǹһ񱩵ʱըۣҶصƾҲʸǹ
ֻʣһõ۷ǿߣʱɵ㶵ŵҪңҪ£Ҳңֻ۾ֵĿҶ
ҶҲ֣ôվ˫۲һ˿ĿϵѪһһϵ䣬Ȼһ
ǸֵǿߣʱԼʲôͷϵĺˮջ䡣
һüƸоĲҶȡһɫؽϵѪ
ֵ߾ôţһҶҶÿһͷΪ֪Ҷʲôʱ֣֪ʲôʱŻսԼ
ʱһ޵ĳ嶯ЩܲסֲֿѹҪһ֮
ҶƵĽƲɾصԼֻҰ㣿
ҶĻǸֵͷЩ߶µصʥأȰ㲻Ҫ
ʱҪɵ˵Լ̣Լҵš
ʥأҶﲻ÷ƲƲ졣
ǵʥӴ˾ǰղɱڳʥأǸɱѾ´羡ߣӦûüǸֵǿ˵һ˿
ҡҡͷҶȻɱˣǾͲһˣ
˵껰һ죬ֱǰзλǸֵǿץ
ֵǿ֪⣬԰һᣬȫԪתͬһ磬Ҷ￳ҶӶȻҪͬھ
һƵĻ΢һߣ絶ŶԷıӭȥ
ֵ뱦ײһʱ򣬱ͬľ˲䱻飬ûκͣڳֵߵؿڡ
˶ʱɣպһСһǰһֻ֦⣬ͬһ㣬壬˲佫˸ɡ
ùݣȻڤһ㣬ֻЩݣûǻֻۣݱ¡
Щ˼Ҷּ̧ͽλ۷ǿ߻Уʱ⣬ҩ˼ˣæԭ·ȥҶҲȥҩ
Χ˶ܹˣֻʣλɽڵĵӣСƿЩݣҶ
ʦ򣡡
˶ĶҶһȭλ漶Ǵﾴ
ˣܿˡҶЩǸĵϾһɽڵӵʬ塣
ʦ˵ﻰĵǲڹ֮£ҲҪǵϡһӺݺݵһŵǸǿߵʬ塣
ҶһǵԭһˣǺϢɢˣǿԽԽࡣ
˵˲ʥʥ֣ƺͳʥʥŮȻҶģԺ齭ȻҲ档
ǶΪٶȼ죬ʱ򣬷λǿػðΣȥҩһз̻ɱ
Ҷﶼ֪ˣҶһ£Щݷǳ죬Ǿѵõı
ûˣҶ˫ֽӡԨһܵҶȫΧƬһ
գ
˾ԽĿУԲʮĴرҶߣԭһ޴ӡ
Ҷÿһö콣ݣʱϲǶǽޣȻ֮콣жô
ַ콣ݺҶ˳ȥԶսϵ콣ں;ڤԺĵӣȫذȫ
Ȼ̫Ҷ⣬Ǽ˻ǵͷӦˣʦȻô˵ˣ⡣
뿪Ҷɹӣǰн
֪ûпڸԳԵ߶Σ


330 Ȫ
ɹӣɽǰʮȻһɿֲѹҶǿᣬоΨ衣
Ϸ·һɽһ㣬Ⲣʲôѹһֱʵʵѹ
ǰһ֪Ѿɽɽƣ裬ʶҲˡ
ղһ΢춯ܹǰߵڻǰС
һԪתԼʱ̴۷״̬ϾԵʥӼǿߣһ㶼Ҵ⡣
ǰȥȴǹǿѹԼƶԽԽ
ǰ˼ʮɵľʱǹɿֲȻѹҶ飬Ҷﲻݣѹʵֲ̫ˡ
Ԫתȥֿǹѹ˿ͣǰȥÿֻһСΪ߲ѹһÿǰһ㶼Ϊѡ
ҶǰʮɵľʱҶ﷢ǰӰҲڼѵǰ
ӰһŮÿ˶ʮɵľ룬ȻСĽ䱸ˡ
ǲʥ֣ƣʥŮٻһԺ齭
Ҷĵʱǵľ׷׻عͷҶԺ齭֣˫ĿУ¶һĨɱ
ٻЩҶֶΣҪ֪ʹǣҲҪȫӦֲѹвͻˡ
۷弶ǿߣҲǿѹѹ
֣ƺ͹ٻ˶ƾֿ֮ſֲѹԺ齭򼤻Ѫ֮ǿֵ
ҶȻƾŻߵΪܹ˶еһ졣
Ҷ˼һۣȻϢûʥӼǿ߶˲õĶ
֣ƵУҶ֪ԼϷˣ˵飬һѾ֪ˡ
ȻԾûмҶŲŲѹǰȥ
ҶûԼ֣΢ԱÿһЩǱһİȫ롣
ѹΪֲ˭Ҳ֣пܻܵѹķɡ
ʱҶĽŲѾ׷ǣǱһˮƽϣǱʮҵľ룬ɲҿ̫
Ҷô̵ʱ͸ʱͬʱһ
ǵǰٶȼΪΪѹԽԽֲˣֻһǰŲ
ʱƴѾﻺнˣû뵽ҶＸʱʱ׷ˣܲǴһ
֣ƺԺ齭˫ĿɱŨˣ˾ǻ
Ҷ˿ûǣʱЩΪղžոոȷϣǰǲȪĴڡ
Ҷû˷ܵĴû뵽˼ҹĶȻôˡ
Ԫ緭ڵĿˮȫתӲѹǰȥһʱ䣬Ҷǰһࡣ
ֻǰ˰߶ľ룬ӾʥŮٻУһ˿⡣
֣ʦãСϱȻرԵֲֵѹֳ֣Ƹ˴
Ժ齭Ӧû⣬쵰ɱˣ
ٻ˼Ƭ̵ȫƾ֣ʦֶɣֻرֶҲ٣ǵʵʮ֮һӲ֣ʦֿжԲߣ
Ҫֲֿѹڵ֮Ҷá
֣һҸʦýնɱͷʱѹɺã֣̽ʵ
Ͼһﲻ࣬˼άʽóһȽá
Ժ齭΢һ£ԼѪ֮˶סѹȻ١
ʹ֮նҵӦö࣬ԼԿ
û⣡
Ҷ䣬Ȼ죬һвϮĺëˡ
Ӧ޼᲻ݵĽԼնҶŭȺ쵰Ȼ͵ϮԼ
ҪֵҲˣϽתͭսԼ廤ס
飡
ƤոձͭɫĽصնҶﱳϡ
ֲ֮Ҷʱɡ
ۣ
һѪһǱˣһǱǰĿֲѹˡ
֣ƺ͹ٻնҶϣȻûܽɱֻһѪѣȴнǰʮɵľ룬ʱаûڡ
Ϊղһ˶ΪǲΪһߣ˷̫֮Ըղһֻƽʱɵ
ҶݺݵػعͷԶһĿɿڴˣܺãӼסˡ
ǾʮɣٷֲܵѹӰ죬㽣ҶߣҲҪҶճʲôвˡ
˺ݺݵһָҲǷ壬ǰн
ȻҶ﷢֣ǰһһɷԲСӣС֮ȴտҲ
Ҷʱаģ˵ĲȪأ
ڡӦ
ʱҶҲˣֱҶһɲǣȻѹȫʧһлָ
ѹոʧһѳѾݵҶǰֱȡҶĺʽΪ
ҶＱæһոձܹһȻ󷽺һɭĹâֱֱӵߡ
ڵϺݺһ㣬ͻȻŤһΪĻȣܿһ
ף
һŮӵľȻû뵽Ҷʱܹܹһ
Ҷʱ֪ڶ͵ϮԼŮӾǸʥŮոӳ˵͵ϮȻһ󾢷罫Ҷ֡
ֻһ˶ȭͷЯ߿ֲľ磬Լźݺ
Ҷﲻŭ浱үүˣ
꣡
ȭͷԺ齭ݺȥ
꣡
һ죬ŹѵԺ齭Ӧɣͬʱһֱ۶ϳ˺üڡ
֣ƺ͹ٻʱһһһͷƣȻһֱϣ˵öǿ

ǹڰһǿźָ˵𣿡
ʱҶŭ죬˫Ŀȫɱ⣬ĵΪԵõȪû뵽ʲôҵ͵ϮƢõҲܲˡ
ߣССһߣҲҴʴʣնµͷ㻹ô֣һЦҪҶ
ȻǸСӺȻѣһ߶೤˳еһ㣬ͷԵĿǡ
һ֣˲һӴϢ˶ƮƮ

֣ƶʱ˹Ҷһţץȥ
ûִ㣬һĽֱն䡣
˼СһСԵøҵĺã
֣Ƽæֺˣܹٻոһһʮɳβͣݺݳ
ٻɫһ䣬һ߳ƸԺ齭βײһ
ԭԺ齭Ҷһֱ۵ĺֱּʹ壬һٻˡͬʱſѪڣҧȥ
Ҫһµʱһѻƽսǹݺϡ
εӾ޴ֱӽɣ׼֣ƣһˡ
ҶＱæ֣һѽǸץסˡ


331 Һ
ǻûǸһһǿҪҶ𿪡
Ҷʱһû뵽СС㣬Ȼôæȥץ
ʹͷݺݵҧҶһڣҶֱ۶ʱҧѪֱ
Ҷŭ˫ֻﶪģȻϾҪˣмſݺݵҧıϡ
ۣ
ǸʱҶҧһ⣬һŹֵ˻Уһɿ񱩵
飡
Ҷʱǹɿֲɣͬ־ֱۡꡱһȻϡ
ǸҶƿأڿնͬһڿζһ㣬Զɶȥ
ʱ֣ơٻԺ齭һ˿ɵҶæ׷ȥƬ̼ʧԶ
ҶСشӿȡǿ顰⡱ǿʱɱɫҺ塣
ҺɢżΪŨ·ſػ
õ˼βҺ
ҶȡһƿСؽʮҺװʵ⵽ô°Ϊʲôȥ׷Ǹ㣡
ȡһƬڤ£ϵֱָۣҶﲻºȻ۵Ȼ
ҶﱻɵʱҶ׼ƴȥʱ򣬱ֹˣʳʡ
еʱǱҪǸȪѾΣܶԸģ
ʲôǸǲȪҶﾪȵŴ͡
ĽģѾﵽʥΪҪڳ˵Ρһ
ʥҶ۾ҪͻˣȻҶŭ֪Ϊʲôһ£
Լҧʥһڣ붼һ£ǸˣȻԼҪҧ
ٺ٣ûиջⲻҺõˣǱȲȪˮҪıЦ
˵ҺԾȻˣҶﲻϲĵ
ѽȻСҪôĶֻҪһЩͿԾȻˣһиࡱ
Ҷһ㶣æܵ棬±˼£±ȫɳɳ֮ж̺ŰϢ
ǲȪõĵطЩɳɣͨĲȪˮҪ͵
ҶʱһϲС±ߵɳֱװ˼ʮͰ±ߵɳѹεһʣס֡
Ѿõ˲ɳȻҶޱȵοŵڿԶˡ
ڲȪɵ㣬ҶͲˣҶȪȻΪǵӼС⼸˾Ҳ̵һβҺ
һǼһŭ¾ˣһҲҶ˺Ϊ˺һӡ
Ϊ˱ģǷֱ׷벻ŰǸ㡣
չʶŷ֣ʶѾκӰˣҶ￴ɽΧѾߣβժҩ
΢˼һ£ҶףΪȪĴڣɽڵҩŻïʢ
Ȼ˵ѾûʲôˣΧҩģҶҲȥŪ
ȵʱ򣬸ǬˣǼҶﰲȻĳʱһ
ΪǾڸղſ֣ơٻѾֳԺ齭ԶɶȥʼûмҶΪҶﵣǡ
ҶһϲǬһΪǿһʥصӣһ·û˸ҸҩģջΪḻ
ҶջΣҶֻ˵ԼҲõһЩȪ飬Ͼϵ̫ûжᡣ
ɽȵѹʧҶժҩģҶҲǷƣǴкɽȥ
ҶԶսѾջĶˣʯ콣ݡͭ㡢߻ǲҺκһԿ˷
˵ҶѾ׬ˣֻոսսʱ䣬ʣµʱҲ˷ѣҶҲЩǵİΣ
ҪټԶսϣȥһˣֱͬ룬ʵ
Ҳûκ壬ԼĻǣκΣյ
Ҷ˼ǰܺ棬Զս״ʲô
ȻҶ˵Ӧսĵشˣû̽սı߼ʣ̸ģδе㲻кʵʡ
һ·ǰðնԽԽ٣ԹҲԽԽǿ
˼벽ԹҶֵõ⻹Ҷ˷ܲѵġ
ҶսѾ˾żǳԶʱڣ޻ǱȽձġ
սϵİ벽Թ飬ǵʵս۷ǿǿһΣǸİ벽ûȵġ
нʱҶһλԹ飬ΪΪǿ󣬶սʽ
Ҷ֮սһһҹǿ£ͬʱҶЩԹǰĿֲ
ֽϵսսͨڣҲΪֲǹ¡
Ҷ϶ǰһǳǿᣬƾԹϸҶƴ൱Ҷﲻ⡣
ڵһӣǿߵĺȻ֪Թ黹ҲǱһ־⡣
ҶĴѰʱȻǰһҵĲʶɨɫʱ΢΢һ䣬æǰȥ
սһɽ֮УһŮֻʮ꣬ȱ˿κγŮԣǰҴ磬ǲ˵ҲŹģ
ŮǾβһĹС£ŮӣǲʥŮ
ߣҶǸСӣ䵽һὫʬΣôᵽҶɵҧϴε飬һӶǲˡ
ԭҲһֱС̽ѰϾһƬδ֪ĵطǿҲò¡
˺С£ϳǾβһˣ֪ҶϤһ£Ҷû
С²֪ҶĹڣΪѣ˵Ҷʲô¡
֪Ȼ˵ԼҪȡҶͷС¶ʱŭֱӶ
ߣС£ȻǾβһһĶڣڵ㣬Ҷ۵Ķ࣬òҪҿԡźСص
㲻ĶҿԣҴ磬һҪָ˵С·۵Сŭڵĵ
˵ôɵĻҲֻëѾͷ˵ĳ㻹ǸϽɣֽ飬ȡһмĵ
Ȼβһ󣬵ΪʥʥŮҲҪ˼̫࣬һûѣʥؼɵ
Ȼ㲻ϻǾͱˡСһߣ˫ֽӡһĪոɢ
ȻһСãҪһøƽϣöݣ


332 սʥŮ
÷ǳͻأڶӵĶˣæתͷֻһ۵ӣϹŲõЦݣ
磡
Ҷ
ǰһǺС·ģߵǸҧгݵġ
Ҷ֣СͶһ㱧ҶﲱӣҶһڣĿ֮ȫǾϲ֮ɫ
磬Сº㣡
С±ţҶʱһΣС³һʹݣ𱬵ģֱ뷸
˼ŽĳĵطݺݵѹȥصҲͬأ
ǻ취˵ɡҶһŬ죬˼Ҫ
СЩԸɿҶĲӣҶʱ͵͵һСҪٱһǸλҪ췴ˣ꾫ջ󣬹Ȼû˿Եֵ
ʥʥŮ߸˾Ȼ˱˿еĶʱ˫ĿͬҪһ㡣
ҶıδźСµʵҲģܶ඼˺Ӱ죬ǣ
磬ҲסСЩãȻ
㿴ôһܣһǴһûҪôǴһûߣԲŻҶĵظС·
ȻСµãȻˣԶȴ϶ܵγѪеҶȥ
˵ŻһһҶһδǹɿֲĺѾ˼ʹ絶
ֵҶһˣԾĲĹȻ֪衱ʲô
С¼һʱɫһ䣬̹Ů˵ֶΣ֪ĺޱȣԼֵסΨҶҪ
Ȼһ͵ͳͬʱҶԱ߿ţҵһʣŮķӣжǿ

ҶϲɫĻ棬ֲĸ£ΧĿռ䷢Ť˪ȥ
飡
һ죬ͬʱʮԶһĿҶϵĻ棬ͬʱתϵĿֲ
ʲô棿ʱѾ˷ŭһ𾪵ĿҶ
΢΢һЦΪʲôҪ㣿
˫Ŀ΢΢һУû뵽ŷֿµʱ䣬Ҷ͵õô컯˿ֲĻ档
պÿĺʼҪһȣжһ˫˲䷺⣬Ҷ﹥
Ҷ΢΢һϣǵһμʹ˫ҿϵѹȻһ
ȡǹӭȥ

˫סǻһ˿Ц˫΢֣ǹ˶Ҷָն䡣
һмΪݣ˷ʤһ֮䣬ûһ˿϶ϵۡ
ǿЩʥʥŮҶҲòϣһѧ츳
ι״ıΪȡʤ޷Ԥϵһеı仯
ҶＱæ֣ԼָѵֵסķҶ֣˫һҪҶ
ȻҶǸֵĳȻС΢΢һ飬һɴϯʱ󺧣æҶĳǹͬʱ˫˽ƮȥԺ֮Ҷһš
ɵþһ亹Ҷ̫Σˣֱǰϻ˵
ղһűУҲҪˣһ¡
뵽֮ģҶΪһУע֮ҶСȥ
֪ʥŮȻһ˽ԻȻ󲨡
ʥʥŮʲôǴͬ޵еĳƺһϵҫ
ҫڽ챻߸ˣ֮Ҷͫ׺Ȼͭɫͬһսһ㣬Ʋɵ
顭
һܼı죬ȴԽսԽľҶֱһ޵׶Լʹ֮Ȼκβ
飡
һ죬˶Ӧ˺Ҷȴ˸ףٻͭսǿֵס֮ϲѡ
ҾⳡսûҪȥˣǰΣҶﳤǹһ̯ǳɴĵ
һﻢ£񺮱ҶĹƵء
Լ֮κβʹȲ˵ܲɱҶɱԼҲһڣսģǼΪΣյġ
οҶˣʵ˿͸ʹܹ֮ɱҶϣҲͬʱԱ߻һĺС¡
Ͼ߸ϹˣĽЩԽܣߵɱǳʥصĵӣѵôˣ
һᵽҶĻһ¾ˣҪʥصӣɱ˶ᱦᵽҶͷˣֻɱˣͲܱ˱Ҫǲǽ˶ϣҿ쵽˭
Ҷ涯ŭˣЩ߸ϵʥʵ̫۸ˣʥŮٲʶôҶƴˣҲҪ¡
ҶĻʱŭҶ񣬲֪ΪʲôﾹȻһ£ڵȻһ˿ĪĿ־С
ߣȷһ´μȻȡһһݻƮȻȥ
ıӰҶȻЩˣЩʥ˵ӶˣӦøղžֱһ
ǻѾųȥˣʱЩˣһñ´ΣԼһɡ
磬СһݵС֣Ҷǰ
һºСµͷС²أȻû֣֪һʹУǸܵĻᶼûУ
ҶһֱСµڣһֽɵһԿֲ
ⶼ㿴ˣСһʹܳһʱءСЦĵ
ҶȻɫһ֪ôأҪΪ˿֮ȥã㲻Ҫˣ
˭ǸҴ磬˭Ҵ磬С¾͸ƴС¼Ҷʱһίứɾǿ
벻ԼȻѾͷռôҪλãʱһС¿޵滨꣬ʱһۡ
˺ˣǴĴǴ粻ãǸòáҶæЦ
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ǺãԺÿϣ㶼Ҫ˯ǰѧԺʱСһıóѵЦ
ʲô
۵һҶеǹ䣬ֱڽϡ


333 β
ϵʹ˿ûоҶһصС£Ѿˣǲ˯һģ
磬ѵ㲻ҪСˡҶش𣬶ʱεޱȵʧС˫֮һƬį
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С˯һ飬ҶҲԼĿԣѾͷⳤһͯշ飬Ļ𱬣һģ˶޷ֵġ
˯һ𣬾ǰʮ»ˣҲס
οҶǵ͵ңұ֤ϱźС£Լֲסġ
ʲôŮбСѾ¶ģԺҪ޸ģҲͬˡСһĵ
ҲͬˣҶһ㶣һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá
ǰΪңˣСҪԶŴߣһĶ飡
С»ҶѧԺڣԼʵ飬αըùǶϽۣλԣʱ㶪
ȻǸʱС»Сһм䶼Ժ֮У뵽ĵϣֳһĨᡣ
źСеļᶨҶףѾͷһʱ̰棬ǶԼ飬Ƿûһ˿ʡ
С񣬴Ҷģ·ص˵Сһһദܰʱ⡣
ȻǸʱԼֻһССʿȴѵеһηǳܰļ䣬ǶʱкСµ飬ȷʵǳġ
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ˣС£ôģΪʲôֻһˣĻءҶȻʵ
ΪѰҴУΪ̫Σˣû˸С˵ɫЩء
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˵ССȻľβһѾˣȻǡ׻Щһʧ䡣
С¸Ҷ˵βһԶʱ˲֪壬˸в
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С·ǳĶ£Ȼĸû˵ʲôǴĸУܹĵĽǡ
СԴܹһֱǳ̿࣬һ˿һʱ䶼˷ѣһΪҶһԶսϣܹҵʧĴС
ǵԶսϣŷԼ뷨ôɣ⼸һֱŬѰңһϢûҵ
Ϣûҵ˵һ·ԽǿԹ飬һ·սмζǸѵģ뵽ί
磬ǲС̫ûˣʲô鶼ãֻʹ绳һһǴıӣ
ĺСµ񱳣ССļ򣬾Ҫ縺ôصĵΪˡ
ҶοС²ޣ飬дûʲôסҵģ쿪ʼһֱȥң
ģСȻϻմ飬ȴһϲĿҶ˷ܵĵ
·뵽ʲôЩȻҡҡͷ˵ҲҪ㣬˵Զս㼫ΪҪҪĻԵ
ҶǺһЦȻԵǾǲԤ֪飬ҲҵĻԵҲ˵ҾˣԺ͸ײԵˣ
֪ҶҽڰԼСһмصҶһ¡
Ҷ￴źС峺׵Ƿ·ϾһҶﰡҶԽԽûϢˣ崿ŮȻа
Слһ˿ǣʱ뷨Ц⼸µʱ䣬ǵõ˲ٻԵŶ
ΪúС·ģҶֵݸСһʯС˫ֽӹ󣬶ʱһʯҾȻôѵǴ˵еƷʯ
ҶаޣǴģݼʶǲһҪɽڵӣóԼϲ
ҶȡһֻĴָСĶݸ˺С£С¸տʼЩɻ󣬺Ȼ۾ôģһŵصѵǴ˵еߣ
ۣСǲѧšҶǷĵ˼СǸѧϰĺúӡ
ģСһص磬㵽۷壬öߣһ¾ͿԽ벽ˣ
ҶЦöǸģ°ɣպ۷壬Ժʱ벽
ңǴô죬С²ҪСȻȫ֮ɫǰƸҶ
ˣģţﻹأ㿴˵Ҷһֶʱߣϡ
ҶϻУκС²ſĵؽö£һʱ˷ܲѡ
ڲʱΪкдҪķѺܳʱ䣬ǻиҪҪ
СڲΪԼˣҶҲ˼԰ڵͷΪ˻ǵ͵һĺá
Сձڷ糾֮ɫɫΪƣ
ϾͳģҶȻı⣬źСºһ羰ԺõĵطСȥ˯һ
Ȼ߲Ҫ˯ǳڴڼѹ£˯ǻƣ͵ѷʽ
Сȷʵ̫ˣټԱҶػҶ׼˯˹ȥ
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ҶԶһͭڣӦʲô
ǰһϣɫ㣬ɢ޷ܵζ
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Կܲɲ³ҶｫͭݸС£СЦظһ⣬ڿС
ţúóԡСһĵȻ۾ҶζһޣӦǴ˵е̫Ű䣬еѵ
ǷС£ǻԵʶʱ򣬾ǴӡԡʼġҶЦ
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˵ֱҶһڣȻԼӣϣմˮӡҶȥˣɵһ󲻺˼æȡҶɾ
˵˵ЦЦ·л˵ռʱ龰˵ʱСʱΣгܰ
һٷҶС·²ѹʰһ£δ֪


334 ƽ
磬ϴ˵Ѫԭһս䶯ս˲ٵȥ㣬ƽ𣿡
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ûղҳԵȾģ
ԭҶߵĺС£ͻȻͣ½Ųһŵصɱˣ
ɱˣˡҶҡͷС½һ£ƽΧŷǺͳȻ飬ԼĻɱ顣
СˣƽҶֲۣҶ᲻ݽնɱ
磬㲻õǣ˵ɰտԳɹʱ׽ʥû˸ġС°ο
ҶЦЦȻɱ˾ɱˣԺ˭˵׼أ뱨Ǿɡ
߼䣬ǰһ벽Թ飬Сһ죬ϸֳһĨ̺졣
źɫ֣Ѹ۳һɫԲԲ˸ֲҶﶼͫһ
ƣ
źСµһ߳еĺصǸ벽Թϡ
ۣ
ǸԹʱͬһ㣬ðһ̣źСһƻӳصԹıģǸԹʱ顣
Ҷﲻͷ𣬺ǿĹ
СµĹǳ죬ƻˣҹķʽҲǳ棬һζǿǳľ
Ǹ벽ԹɱС΢Щص磬Сɣ
ǳҶͷһĴָһ̾ĵ
ϧ˵ǾβһҪٱ˵С¸ղŵһɨ⡣
İɣ־¾ɣҶﰲοһºС£ּϵһƿݸСµΣ
СǸƿִ򿪣ûʲôϣΪԶս̫Զʹƿװ˶µʴѾʧˡ
ף
С·һ
ô񵽱ˡҶЦ
磬㿴
Ҷһ㶣ӹƿʶһɵһССƿУȻзԲǧĿռ䣬Ȼһռ
ռڿտҲֻһ߶ߵʯ
ʯϿһ֣˱˾޾ı
ɱѾʼǿκϣֻεȥǺúޣ񡭡
Ҷ￴һּǳʲݣߵĻû˵ꡣ
һ֣һ֣ô仰ӦΪ񡭡Σʲô˼
ҶﲻһַǳѹֵĸоԼ񱻾һ֮Уȴûа취ͷ
ҶｫʯȡʯĲʼΪӲû֮·ͬһӲ̶ȾȻ
ϸǼֵʱҶﾪķ֣ЩּȻָдµġ
ҶͷĴܣȻҲĶˣǰг˱;
뵽ҶﲻЩͷƤ飬˵Ǹʱɱֻһʼôֵ˭õģֵֵ˭
硱С¼ҶɫѿЩĵؽе
Ҷһǿмѹ£ǿЦҿдòһˣһʱѣ
С΢΢һЦ֪Ҷ˵ɣֻΪ˶Լģ磬߰ɣ
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Сǰƽһ·ϲͣǿԹ飬żԹ顣
СĶħҲܹսʤǺܺãһ·ֻȡ
ɴ˿ɼǶôѵãѹڣʹǳҲֻѹ̡
Ҷһ·ϻô࣬ǶʵʹȻڤԺĹƽˣһôˣսô죬Ҳŵõһѡ
Ҷ֣ҲҪߣᶪ
С̽ʱҶȻһС£˵Ǿβһ壬ԶʱǼΪǿڶ԰ɣ
ѽôСµ
ߵķͲˡҶ˼һµԺֻԹķȥ
⼸һ·ѰǿԹ飬ֻƵУΪЩԹ̫֮׾Ⱥ鷳ˡ
СҶĻʱҶ˼ɫЩ԰׵ص磬˼
ҶͷûԽǿĴڣӦֻǿĵսԵ֣ǲܼǵӰģ
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磬С¸ô죿СһһҶĻʧʹޡ
ֱһ͵ڷ˴УСһ⣬ǳſҶﻳ
С£˵һֶһʱôж裬޷赲ȥҶźСµᶨĵ
Ҷ񣬺Сؽϵˮȥͷģ
Źԣ˵ûʲôܹ赲ǰĽŲ߰ɣҿԶսʲôµĵطҶƵЦţźСµ֣ԭܹһЩǿԹķȥ
С¿ҶߴıӰһǰǣͬնһ㣬·ҲΪĵı䡣
һһ޵еСҲȾˣȻԼĳģŴڣ¾ûа첻ɵ顣
飡
ҶǹصһԹıϣնɱͬʱҶϣҲ˼ѪӣѪ졣
Թ̫ǿȻʵҲȲϰ벽ǿߡ
ǶŷḻսܣͲļܣʹҶǿҲ˺ۡ
⻹ΪΣյģеʱҪԸħϮҪġ
ҶڸһЩۺںСµ£ǿնɱ
Ҷÿζей£ȫźС£ʱֵ͸ɴԼӲӡ
˺۵ҶСǸжۣҶȴÿζЦĶģġ
һɱ󣬺СµսҲԽԽĬ
սоСȥնɱ֣Чƽȿ˲١
ҶЩĵǣЩԹȻͬΪսȴ켫
ҶһΪǿԹ飬Ҷʹ˻޷սʤ֮£ֻöԨȫŽնɱ
ԺԽԽСˣ۲һµΣȷһܱߵ󣬲Ÿս
һ·ϲͣɱȻһ죬ҶｫһԹնɱʶɨսʱϳһϲ
С£쿴


335 β
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һĹǼܣǾβһǿս˵ĻӦҲͬһŶԡҶ
Сѹм飬Ҷĺе޺ǣҲβһǿߣﲻԶˡ
Сģ
СºȻҶһţԼһ

һϮӶǰӹһֻֻֻʣ¹Ǽܵľ񣬲֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼһ㣬չĹ
ҶĿ죬ºСѾˣֻһУ޴ͷ­Ŷ
ҶֽСƿͬʱȡǹӭȷӻͷ
飡
ĽһɾϮҶʱɣͬʱֱһ飬вɵô󾪡
ͷǿޱȣͷͬһ㣬ǹӲײһΣȻûκ
ǹǿȻҶ⧲£һ
Ҷ﷢㶵ĵǸһֻͬһ㣬žҶն¡
Ҷһβٱǹһߣӳ
飡
һǸʱҶĿˣͬʱϳһЩѺۡ
ǿĹҲµʴҶӲһ֮󣬹
Ǹûκȴһٿһ㣬߹Ҷһ񹥡
飡
һܼı죬ꡱƬڳܲסֲײ顣
ˣֻצȴûͣҶｫֻצҲ֮󣬹Ψһһͷ­ҲԥĵضҶһҡ
ҶһƣѾûǣʲô֧ս
磬ԴϵľˣһĸԴС¿ŵҶ
Ҷʶϸ۲һ£Ȼͷ­ڵľˣɢ
˫һдһǹ׼ͷ­ϵѷȥ
꣡
һ죬ͷ­ѿһö˱Ҷһѽס
뿪˾ˣǸʱͬûľżǼɢһأȻнˡ
˿žˣҶһ̾ϢϧˣµʴöѾľѾûˣ
˹ǼܺҲð޹⣬ƣ󳹵ѡ
˶һϧö޾ˣĴڡ
ʰһǰнһ۲Ҷ﷢֣ЩŹУкܴһ֣Ѿȫľܷ
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ȻǾߺǱһƬ˫צϸֳһɫԲǸԲһ֣Ҷʱɫ䡣


336 ô
ȻǾߺǵıһƬ˫צϸֳһɫԲǸԲһ֣Ҷʱɫ䡣
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Ҷڻ֮ʱһʱ˵ҶԺ𡰿ȿȣǸҶǿͣһ²


337 Ѫ
ȿȣǸҶǿͣһ²
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û취ʾģ֪Ҳֻ˵֪̫࣬ҶжЩΡ
߼䣬ҶһһǿҵĺǣҶתͷȥʱͷ


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һ޷ֵһϣһͷܵľô㶼Ѳ˱ˡ
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˵ô죿ôõİ취ͷصȴ١
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ǿҵƱʲôЦҶ˭ҲײˣҲҹ
Ҷһ˫Ŀ̫ͬȼӭĻƽɣ


339 ְҵ
Ҷһ˫Ŀ̫ͬȼӭĻƽ
ҶȻ˿ӷôվӭĵСʹر۾
ȴеĺȻ첢ûеǺСر۾һ۾ͿҶѪɽ
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Ҷ˿֪ԼһĵľٶȻһӪŶӣŶӣȻֻΪԼһͻ
߸ָķҶһ·ǰУķģõõĶõˣõõҲõˣ˵ʲôȱˡ
գ׼һְҵˣԼ󰵽Բˡ
ȻǰһҵսҶﶨһٺ٣Ϸˡ


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սһȥʱ۵ĲιȥҶڶ٣Ȼֱȡһȡ
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үǸΪﵽڵǿߣһĵ
Ҷ￴һˣЩ죬ʶصʲô£
ٺ٣Դүʹ콣ݣСһֱĴ£λٱ
ҶˣСӺ񱻳ƺʲô߸ģԼ͸¶սһ˵ϢԼʱ콣ݡ
߶߶ûûˣҶϽֹ˵⣡
ŶСľһ̽һЩϢү˹Ŀ˵ǸһƤֽ
ҶӹƤֽһСӻЩŻϱһŵͼעһЩһֵĳأԼԺߵ·ߣǳϸ
СӻһЩϢϣܹүаһĵ
ҶƤֽ΢һµʲô֣
ҶʼԼ֣˶ʱϲүĻСĽߣС߾ͺˣ
Ҷͷ˵˵ɣ㶼ʲô
߸æԼռһЩ鱨һϸϸضҶｫһߡ
ҶһϢ󣬲ɵһ㶡˵һϷɵļһΧ


343 ү
ǵģһǳȻһ˱ʮǿΧ˳ȥ
Ҷʵ֪ΪʲôΧ𣿡
˵õһ˲õıԱ׷ɱСĵ
Ҷͷû뵽ļһȻôõ֪𣿡
ߵǰʮһƬƣǸһһֱ棬ڻûҵ
ҶﰲĲ٣һҲսǿı²٣һƬ߲ѵĵطӦûʲôΣա
һۣһЦҴôϢ˵ɣõʲô
ү£Сֻϣܹ׷ˡ߸æ
ǸˣʱƣɣǼ̽ϢһսϵĶҲģ
룬ߵһ˲ţ̽Ϣı²СҲԼһЩô
Ҷȡʮö콣ݣֵͿֵߴߺǱȥ

ԶսĵشΣպδ֪һƬޱߵУʮǰ
ⶼˣҲǸһȴѾˡһŷεĵһǵĵ
ǸΪˣһȥʮ߰꣬ΪȴѾ۷Ũüӡ
ŨüǸСӾƬУֻ̫أ߱裬϶ӲԶۻʲôۣһҪץס
õǰѽΪӡӲĵ
ȻֻһͨҲͰˣõǼһΪϡ٣һʮֹŨüһУֳһ˿̰
Ǹһֲ⣬˾ޣûһ
ǶҾ㣬ۻʲôۣһҪǸСҳѱŨüӴСǰ
Ƿֳһ飬ֿСڵĹߣ
ԭƬֵڣһЩ֣һЩľߣǳѶԸѾɥ֮ڡ
ʮ˹ΪСȻһ߽С
˶Ǹ򼲳۶ȥ

Ǹ˸պ껰һ͸齣ĺնϡ
ۣ
죬һƬҽдǸСӣѾնɱһա
ϷջԼ齣ʱѪݽߣǱ
ǰõһ齣Ȼһϣ׷ɱݽߡ
ȺҲûֺãϷɵȫ֮£ԭʮྫӢӣֻʣ¶ʮˡ
ϷѾɽˮˣսʹ˸Ľġնߵ齣ֻмʮˡ
µõ齣Ȼʱ䶼ûУ޷õĻһƷ
͵ϮնɱϷɸ׼ˡ
ಣ
ʮӰ˲佫Χס
СӣˣʶؽｻһȫʬŨüĵ
ϷЩʵ̾˿ϷɣӢ۸µڶˣȻҪǴ˵أ
ϻ˵ŨüһȣȻѾϷѾ;ƿݣ˭Ҳһ޵һԲóȻ֡
ߣϷʲôϴ⣬˭ңҪԼȡɡϷ֪ңɴȥˡ
һϣСˣ
ŨüһͺȣֳֳϷ
ϷһڣʣȫתҪɱ˵汳
Ǻ
ʵһز񾭡
ǵΧϷɵǷ׷飬ϱߵĻϢۡ
Ũü֮󣬾͸оƾŶɱٺˣӹһ١
˾ûôˣ©֮⣬߶һɱ
һɫӰ½ƮƮ
桭үǸŨüһֵĿţǰˣѵ³֡
ϴϷЩ˼ؽе
Ҷһ㶣Լݣû뵽СӾȻһϳԼʵڳҶԤϡ
ٺ٣СӲүˣҶʱϷɣһ˿ָеķ緶ο١
ҶĿ佱Ϸɶʱüɫ裬һĵЦϴûȰ
ûмСӆ£ҶгָŨü˵۸Сܣ˵ɣô
үˣǲ֪СܣһҲҰү¿һŨüɫҰףҶϹϾ
Ȼһһ·ϣүĴ˵һһ㷴֮ûС
ϴ󣬾ԲܷŹǣȺ˵üβŪϷɺݺݵصҶＰʱϵѾʬ촦ˡ
Ȼɱ˶ᱦģҪñɱ׼ҶǣϷɾʲ
ϷɣҪҪؽһЩʵ۷壬͸˼һ·ҶҡҡͷϷɵ
ǸŨüӼҶɿڣʱһϲ֮ɫæүȻ黳ȣؽƺҵȰݷ
תͷһϷɵλֵܣǼ۲ʶ̩ɽŹǣ
ϷȻһԸǼҶ﷢ˣҲòеίһ仰˵
ˣҲˣ˵һ·ǵܻܲͿǵıˡҶЩͷشŨüӵĻ
仰ŨüӶʱͷһһɲõԤгͷ
Сʵ֪үˣʲôԸ
Ը̸ϣֻǼ׷ɱСܣɱôңôǣʵ˵ȥҶһΪѵĵ
˼ǡŨüͷСʵ
˵һһ·ܻܲҪǵ컯ˡҶ
үʾ¡Ũüɫһ䣬΢΢˼ӲͷƤ
ˣҸǳȽϼ򵥵ĿֻҪǴˣͿˡǴˣô˼˿ߣҪͷ­¡Ҷ΢΢һЦǸЦݣôоôëȻ
ŨüӶʱ֪¿²ôýģκʵ˼ңֻ
ү˳⡱ŨüӲͷƤ
ãҾͲˣǸСǰһһ⡱Ҷһָһӡ
ǸӱҶ󣬶ʱɫһףҧǰһ
ܺãһһ⣬Ҫڣ˵ش߳ʱʧܣǸ㶮áҶǸӵ
Ϸɣʱһʱ䵽
ǡϷ΢΢Ҷ⣬Щ˷ܵĵ
ע⣬Ϸɺģʥ½ǴڵλΪ򡣡ַݣֱݡݡݡڤݺݡһôݼжٸңشҶһؽꡣ
ʱ䵽ҶĻ䣬Ϸɽе
شʱ
ۡѪɽͷأ޾ãȻ֮ɫ


344 
ʱҶ⣬˶ɵˣϷҲ⣬ģ
ŨüӺǸӣκŷӦһŭɫүôףĿʱ򣬾ͽʱˣôش𣿡
Ҷһ㶣ջеѪĳ΢˼һ£ͷ˵ĺеô´ξͲʱˣ
ŨüӺӣѪȴŭԣŭҶ
㣬Ҳʱˣϸ⣬ҪġҶһĵ
ǸҶĵӣͷ𣬿ϵʬ壬ɵͷƤһ顣
ǰˣɱ飬ǽԼǰһ־塣
Ǹսս˳ҶָϷɵСӽϷɣŵѽΪ罣һƷ˳𡢷ͭʮϣʮɡֲʧʮȴִţһǳѵùƷôʣϷɵСӣĶʲô֣
ǸϸĿȻתۣһ¾Ŵ͡
ۣ
һɳͷأѪ
ҶﵭؽеĳһϱߵѪ˦䣬ɫشĶ˻ûɻ飡
ŨüʱӦҲүˣŭֱ̫⣬˭ܻشˣǣ
Ҷüͷһ壬תͷϷɡ𣿡
е㡱ϷɵһͷЦ
ŶȻˣسһ򵥵ĵġҶ΢΢ЩǸĵ
Ũüشŭ˵򵥣ȴǳ⣡
Ŀļ򵥣ɣϷɣܴ
ҶϷɵϷɰм̫أ
ϴ󻰣һ
ͷܺãشȷôмأ
ϷЦһصϴ󻰣һ
ҶЦĿŨüӵô򵥰ɣ
Ũüһתİɣ
ãжأҶЦ
ߣ֪⣬Ҹ㣬ǡŨüһĵȻ׼
ۣ
ͻ𣬺䣬ȻǸŨü׼ȴһɿֲѹסΣȻ޷ܣͷ˲ն䡣
ϷǸŨüͷ͸¶ǾͲʣɵʵϴˣôɱ
ԸƨԶսôǣϽʰһ£ʲôջûҶû
ͨСĹ۲죬Щһ˫ֶմ޹˵ѪûŹǣɱֻһ¹ڶѡ
ϷʱһϽȥΧʬ壬Ƭ̺صҶߣϲصϴ󣬾ȻʮƷ
ˣɣôʶҵݵģҶƵĵط̸ΪҪ֪ҹ꺮ϲ
ٺ٣ҵϴҵģϴֵʱڵ͸ӦˡϷɵ
ҶһϷɵսϵľ
ԭϷɽս󣬾ܻذȫǸʱ˶Ѿˣֻܿɽ
˽Уһ·Ȼ˲գƾܿɽķϷɵƽٶҲǼġ
ջ񲢲࣬ΪԶսŨΪٵڡ
һǰ˸ոսսģܿɽȻӦϷԼں
һƬսֻʺн˲ò֣ܿɽȥѰĴУϷʼ˶ðյ̡
ڼǰϷսջһʱϲǶ˵Ҫı
ּǣոյõͱ˼Ҹˣһ·ɱˣҶ֣¾Ҫˡ
ϷһĴӿռָȡһѺĳѽֵʱΧĿռ䶼Ҫ˺Ѷ΢΢˻
ý
ҶҲݣ˽ķ̶󣬹ƾѹѹŨüôۺ졣
ٺ٣ϴԺ񽣣ʲôʥʥŮͳͳ£еСܣŮůϷ˵ŻѷƥıݸҶ˷ܵĵ
Ҷһ㶵һ齣˾Ϳˣʲô
ϷΪѾڣΪصФ䣬齣ѡ
ϴ⻰Զ˲ǣСϴƷĵϴ°ɡϷһĵ
ϷɵĻҶﲻ¸жȻСƽʱЩףԼĵĺá
ԼʵԻһ̨ףŨüһȺˣвҲߡ
صĴ£ϷôļһȻܹԼʵı͸Ҷ鲻ν
Ҷҡҡͷ㻹ԼɣͲôǱ˼׷ɱˣ
ҶﲻܣϷһҪ˵ҶֹڵʵˣȻ̤һ̨ףʥӼ£ûĶ֣
˵ҶʮֵοϷƽƽļһԼһΣ˽ĳɾͣеޱȵԺ
ϴ㡭
ϷɻҪ֣Ҷһ죬Ԩĸ֣ɢſֲѹ
ϷɼԨʱŴͣӶɳˣŵصԨʲôʱ򣬱ˣ
ԭҶԨֻƷԨ飬ҶûϷһֱ֪
ҶﻺԨ𣬽Ԩ׵򵥵˵һ£Ϸ
ٺ٣̫ˣ˵ʵϴһе᲻áϷʱһĸеıϸ۵Ĵһ㡣
ϻˣϽˣҸ㻤Ҷûĵ
ϣ
ϷɽǰڰգȫɢһֻƶŽ⣬Լǰѳ
ǰ·ΪܣԸһֱȼΪ
ҶһüԶսϣʲô鶼пܷϽ
Ϸɺϣ纣̵ͬĽˮϷɵڹ롣
ΪϷɵԴҶжҶûаų⣬õҶİǰĵֿԭҪʱֻ˰ʱѾϷɽ
ǰ齣ûϷڣϷɸ˵ĹֽһϴҳɹˣӵһԼˣ
Ϸɵ˷ܣҶﺬЦͷϾԼõǹʱҲ˶١
ףϴôô񣬺񡭡ѵѾͻƵϷɺðδ˷лظʳ˹ؼ⡣
ˣڵֻǸͻư벽ѡҶЦ
벽ͱڵңǿʮϴ̬Ϸɿ
ǲʰʰ뿪ɡҶ￴һܵ
ѽϴпܻһ˲õĻԵϷɺȻ۷Źĵ


345 ƽ
ҶҪߣϷɸϽסҶһԼ
ԭϷɱŨüӱһ󷨣ŬҲ޷ͻǸ󷨽ԲűŨüѰ
£Ϸôһ˵ҶﵹҲȤ
ɲҪǸ󷨵סңǼ˵ôܴҡϷݺݵһڿˮ
ϷԡԳƣû뵽ǸŹסȥ·ˣһ
ߣһȥ
ϴҪһ㣬ܶˮ±йߣʱа벽ĴڣҲͱǸˡϷµĵ
ߣҶﲻһڿˮϿҹȥ
ʱҶϷɶһڴ֮ǰϷһľȻĿҶس⡣
ϴԽԽ̬ˣ벽ħޣһɱ
κϷ³еʵǸߵ㽫ҧҶһһˡ
ϻˣ²ס죬ϽܳԶپͳԶ٣ɶǴ֮˿ǿ壬׳Ҷ߳ԱߵԶ֣ں޾ľȻһѪ
Ϸɿɥҵ԰¶ǣҵθ챻űˣϴǸһٶȣҽθˣҲûʲôˣ
Ҷѵһ죬Լٶȷʵôһ조û£ԺңԹ㹻
ˣϴҼǰһȺһĻ쵰ǸҲڣ㽫ǧ齣ӳԺԸұ𰡣
ǧ齣Ϸɾ۵Ѫô齣ںôǱıŨü׷ɱ
ҶҡҡͷЩźصԸʵˣѵû˵¼
ûаôˣ
ΪѾҰүˣһ󣬱һ糾Ҷһ˵
Ϸ˰ΣҶ˼ͬʱҲԽԽϴ󣬳Էʱ˵⣬Ȼ˿Ӱʳ
Ҳע⵽ҶϴɫۣϷʥصķΣǰ
Ȼû˵Ƶ飬ȴ˵ү׷ɱսնһȣ벽Ļɱɱ
ٺ٣ϴҷˣҸʲôطޱȡϷһ̾
СҲ齣սһǰδеľ磬ֻҪʥӼǿߣû֣
ϴ˵ҪǶʥӼǿߣôϷ齣ΪФԶţԷһ˲١
ɡҶﵭĵ
Ҷ˵ĸ֣ͬĸ󴸺ݺݵϷɵϣԴֱð
ɡϷЩţҪ֪ޣͬ޵еĳƺϾǶʥӣӦҲһս֮Ŷԡ
ʱڵѾҶһգóһǵղϷصʥʥŮҪԶԶҲڴ߶ǿֵһ֮ʥӼǿߣĿɲ֮Ȳ˵ƣǴ߶֮ת֮ڵתȫѲ˱ɷɻҵˣ
Ϸһû뵽ʥӼǿ߻ôǿһʱ䲻ɵЩʧ䡣
Ҳò٣ʥصʥʥŮǣԴѻɣôĻԵΪֻ߲͡ҶЦ
Ҷôһ˵Ϸɶʱ˺ܶ࣬ʵϴҪǶʥʥŮô
ҶһµͨʥʥŮҵǲǣ磬ĪʥŵĻֻĶӵķݣ
ΪʥʥŮǵʵҲие͵ģҶʥŮʥ֣ƶŶݵĽ֣ȻҲǿ󣬲ȴܸвĪȴԡ
ۣϴϴ̫ǿˡϷ̾Ȼ΢΢һ㶡ϴΪôԽԽˣ
Ϊڲע⵽ҶȻǻ۷壬ٶȣʵץ
ҶҲΣΪһֱѹƿͻˡ
սͻƣʱĲɱӦѾ˰ɡ
ҶͼΪһͬ˵·뽫һж£лӦش١
ϾĿǰе˶ʧˣԲ߸ͬ·
޷ȻΪߣսֲκˣ߰ɣȥǸ󷨴ȥ
˻ϷָĵطȥȻϷ˵Σأʱй߳
Ҷڣʲôвǰ벽ħޣתֻ֪֮ӲƴԸǱȽɵġ
гķΧǰˣԼĽ涼
ˣһֱûŪ׵ô£ߣûþֻص桱Ϸɵ
ʶչҶﾪȵķЩŹ֣ȻʶᱻգַΧֻʮɵľѡ
Сǰȥһ㻹ûħϮ
нһʱҶͣס˽ŲָԱߵصֻص㣡
Ҷǰµһ˫ӡ֤ǶһȦֻˡ
ҵҲΪ߳˺ԶֻˣŻᱻЩҵϷɵ
Ҷ΢˼һ£ȡһ콣ݣǰнÿʮɵľ룬ͻڵϷһö콣ݡ
˼κֻص㣬Ϸһε̾˿Ҷ۾Ӧһ콣ݡ
Ϊ콣ݱɢŻ⣬ҶܵǵλãԼ߹·ߡ
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݣֻҪܹԼ߹·ߣೢһ£Ӧÿҵ·ȻǸȴǳЧ
Ϸֳ˼ΣȻÿζص㣬ǶȦԽԽߵҲԽԽԶ
Ϸڿŵһ˿ϣֱʱҶ˰ǧ콣ݣֻصԭء
ϴȥваʱϷɸոһ˿ģôεʧܣЩҡˡ
ʲôߵԽ࣬˵·ԽԽҶȡһֽϱ߲ͣػһЩ·
΢΢һЦʵһԹƵޱȸӣֻһһֻ̽Ҫȥǻҿյ׵ģ
ֽŽϷɣּǰǻصԭ㣬Ϸеֽ϶һ·
ͣظͣǰ콣ݣص㣬¼
Ͷ콣ԽԽ࣬Ϸеֽϱߵ·ҲԽԽܼ
Ҷӳȥ콣ݴﵽţһγԵʱ򣬺Ȼǰһ壬ʧ¶һԲҵС
˿Сģɵͷ


346 㲻ֵ
СһƬƽΧһƬֱԴڡ
һЩ֪С֦ͷУ̲ҰСһﻨԴ
ϷһĿɵ޵ǺõطмʮŮʵ۶
Ҷǹһ˿΢ЦСʲôʱܹ㣬ﱻΧôԻз紵֦
ѵ
ƣ
Ҷ˫ֽӡ֮ɢһ
ҶĶǰĻȻʧȻǷԲǧСȴǿݹǱأһƬɭ
ϷɶʱȵŴͣǲ֪䣬˻Ҷ¾Σˡ
Сģһʯ̨֮ǰһʬ˫ϥأʹ֮״
Ǹʯ̨֮ϣһߵɢӯӯԣ·ɹת
Ҷ￴Ǹʱ򣬶ʱһȫǲ˼顣
ϷɲҶľ죬æǸ񣬲ɵþǲȻɩ𣿡
ǸȻһģһѵõ϶ΩΩФһ㲻
Ҷһѹͷ𺧣Ȼ֪ΪʲôֳȻ񣬵ȴһΪõĸо
ǰȥոǰ̤һһĽϮ
Ҷ׼гͬһڡ
䣡
ɽҶ𾪵ǣɽȻ˿һ벽ǿһ
ͣ
ռ䣬ҶΧм䡣
Ϸˣ
ֽϷַΧֱٻͭսг衣
ֵЩԽԽֵ࣬һʱҶ˺ü
ͣ
ʹٻͭսɱƵ壬ѪŽ
ͭսļӳ֣˲أδ˵
ϷɸոշɳͼҶˣʱд󺧣ҶｫԼ¾壬ͱгɺüˡ
飡
һܼı콣ʧĸֳһ̡
Ҷֽץסֻϱ߿̻Ϊӵ·̱ϿİۣȫʯЩʯѾ޹⣬ȻѾĴ
ʱϷҲҶߣһȵĿ̵˵ĺö
ҶֱӽӸϷɵϲĻȥɣ
ٺ٣ô˼أϱҪʯܴûУҲð
˵˼ȴæӹǿϱ޹ʯʱЩʧˡ
ҶֱӸһָһǧƷʯһٿƷʯ
ûĿɿڴϷɣҶﻺǸʯ̨ȥǾ߿ݹǰһֱûʲôشҶСĽǸϸ۲졣
ʱҶͷҶȷǳȻǷϢǷɵζģ²ġ
ֻ϶һʥ಻ַ־̲סݣ¡
ҶԺʺڲͣķȻĵôȻѾˣǸʱȻȻûأ
ǰ߿ݹɢǿѹȻȥܹ꣬ܵĿֲΪݣҪȻݣ
ҶǾߺǵʱ򣬼ͷ­·һʯϿּ
뽫ʬŲһ㣬ʯȡֻϱ߿֡
һ겻ɱɵ棡
߶һ⼸仰ٿевɵκˡ
ͬʱսϿǸʯᵽġɱ֡һϣҶЩľĸо
Ȼ׵ʲô˼ƾ˵Լھһ֮С
ִ޷ԶսֻǲֵĿʼôʥ½ش٣ʲôıһ֣
ҶԽԽңһɴ಻ȥЩңԶˣԼһССĻ߶ѣشУһ˻ֻ̫ӰԼĵġ
ٺ٣ϴѾѧٿˣȻֻһܣҲ㹻ǿˡϷ˷ܵĵ
Ҷͷǿش
ٺ٣ϴ̫ˣ̾ǿޱȣ㴳ʱڵʯģĻǿɱʥӶû⡱Ϸĵ
ôʱҶҲȤȻǿ󣬵Ҷﲢû̫ϣϷ˵ܹɱʥӣˡ
ٺ٣ǵȻȽ鷳Ҫºܳʱȥá˵ϷЩΣǸ鷳飬ҪʯҪһЩϡ
Ϊ̺һƬϱ߼¼̵ĲһЩرϣϷɲһ̡
ҶŵǾú̾һӣҪӳҪͣĸװҩ
ϷЩյĿ̣ȻһϢľϮҶʱɫһ䡣
ϷСģ
Ҷһ󣬻ȭǵȥ
䣡
Ȼײǵ磬ȴֻǽǵƫ˰ߣɶϷնȥ
ϷɵõҶѣҪܣȻķ֣Լ屻һɿֲ־ѹȣһ˿ˡ
ۣ
Ϸ̵ֱֳۣʱǹɿֲľ飬Ѫꡣ
Ȼһֳֻ֣һѽǱϰյ̽С
ǸӰߴͣ˫üָ죬е̣ضԶ˵ҪˣǿԹˣ
ҶϷɣʱԭ͵ϮǵˣȻǳʥصʥۣʥΪµĴڡ
Ϸһֱ۱ն飬ɵ־ŭҶｫǵƫѾˡ
ҶæȡһڤϷ£ϷǸڤ󣬱նϵֱۻ
ۼ˾۾΢΢һУȻΪʥӣڤҩǵһ˵
㻹ǹ޴ģǸղŹҲһ·Ȼ㲻õ͵ô˵ҲˡĮĵ
Ϸɱûȴһ仰Ҳ˵ղĪ۵һ׷ģ֮
ϷɵֱѾָҲҪѾûʲôˡ
Ҷؿۣһһص㲻ֵܣ
ЩĿҶһۣȻȵصҶ
ΪҶЩһֱүķΣòҲûиıһûϳҶһ˳
ҶֽϵװһĨħһߣ˲ָ˱Ŀ
ԭӢףȴһƬ࣬˫Ŀ֮еɱⲻӰΡ
Ǻˣôʱ䣬ҵˣ˼ǰ׷ˣҺڴ㱻ɱʱ򣬻һʲôı顱Ц
ˣСһﻹе㱾£ϸиõСӣҿһ۰򣬾Ȼߣǲ
ҶһԭŭݶʱָƽϷɵ뿪
Ҹֻһܻ뿪ȱ䣬һѻƽɫսǹɱֱָۡ


347 ս
Ҹֻһܻ뿪ȱ䣬һѻƽɫսǹֱָۡ
ϴҸһϷɸеͬʱ齣
㻹ϴ󣬾͸ϽֻҺȡҶŭ
Ϸɶʱսȭͷ˫Ŀᣬһҧ̤ɽֱԶȥ
Ϸ֪Ҷ˵ûԸľţԼǵﲻæΪۡ
ߣ𣿡
һгһڣһͬƥһĵϷɵıӰնȥ
ǵƲɵƻϷɱУ
䣡
һѻƽսǹסǵ
㻹ǲԣҶֵ֣ܳ
ҶһǹԼĵס΢΢һЦȷʵǸӣѹְô㣬ϧܾˣ
װƵ˵θڡҶһгǹٴָۡ
ɫ΢΢һߵΪڣ˭ҲȲ㣡
˵껰гһ󣬷һһɿֲĵڶ𣬱֮ǰǿ

һ磬Ҷݺն䡣
Ҷһȫעǹ֮Уӭ۵ı
䣡
ǿײһ𣬲˲ûзֿǱճһ
ԶΪķݣŶӣԽԽ˲串˷Բ
Ϸɸոշɳ֮ңͷĴӣпʥӼ
ЦԼȻϴԼʥӻôݺһҧϷֱӶŸԶĵطȥ
ҶסԼһ΢΢һȷʵֵԳ֣ҿ㻹ܲܵס
ۻһ䣬·ݷĺһ㣬ڵ
վ
󰵽֣
۵ĿˡվҶҲٻͭս
ͭսĳ֣ҶԺдһһʮɳľӰ
䣡
˵һΪֲľ磬ɲǼѣϯԲʮ
ҶȻסԼġվ۵Ҳû˸ղŵĵг𾪡
Ҫ֪ǵսʱԼʹˡվҲ̴ռϷ磬ðӦ
վǳʥصĲ֮գֻʥʥŮʸѧϰ
ֻվΪԵҪΪǿǣϰݹ۳ʥʷУավţһ֮ɼվǶô
һɣޱȣʹսı֮
Դˡվǰֻиսʱ򣬲ʹһУΪˣûʸá
챾ֱԼҶֱѹΪ˵ҶҲó
ʥӼǿ߶ԼĽϣڵǿܣҲˡ
ҶȻƾŻΪ͵סġվΪŭͬʱҲ˾裬˾Բ
䣡
һ죬˷׷ױˣϣƾУ˭Ҳû׬ˡ
۳бָҶҺܶྪϲòһţ
ȴΪһģʥӣȻ͵Ϯˣ˵͵ҫҶһ
͵ϮΪûʸΪҵĶ֣һһͷϻһϹؾضԾ𣿡۲мĵ
Ҳϻ߿ԼˣһװƵèͰèƤҿ㻹ʲôװ

£еǹһƽâ̩ɽѹһ㣬
飡
˵ıײһ𣬲֮ԼƾԼȻκβҶ
Ҷʱˣؿһӿͬʱа۹ȻǿѾǿޱȣٸ֮͸ӿֲˡ
飡
Ҷﳤǹ΢һת࣬ǹ⻮һĻߣֱ۵š
۳һΣסǰû뵽ǣҶһоȻС
ʱ򣬺ȻХһá
飡
Ҷһźݺ۵ϡ
꣡
ʹ۵ǿ壬ɳܲסҶĿֲʱ߶߹ǡ
ƺһ裬Ҷһαˡ
۴߶ƸԭȻС˶˵ʲôǶڸ߰˵һ衣
һʥʥӣȻһ߼ϣ߶һ߹ǣֱܴ衣
һն㣡
үҵţ
ۻ𣬺ȻȼڶǧɵӰϱ߾񸽴޾ҽһ㡣
Ҷͫ΢΢һһǻߣȻǻ壬ɷǳֲ
۴һЯ߿ֲĸ£ͬҪһ㣬Ҷﱼ
죡
Ź£ԲĻ˲佫ҶΧض˿׷ױɽҶ֮һƬ𺣡
һǸһĨЦʹսʱûýʹ
ΪܺķԪ̫κβҶɴʹԼľС
ӺϵЦʧһȻһƬȡ
ΪƬ֮֮УһƬɫĻ渲ǣĺɫ˿
ƪɫ֮УҶһмĿԼ
ʹ족֮ʱҶԤϵһԹ𺣽ʱȫɫ
ɫǲȸ֮ҲǱ֮𣬾Ҷﲻǻ֮壬ȫɫȫɲǺɫܹġ
ɫĿЩɫʱɫˣ˿κβҶ
ˣ
ҶԼϻס۵ĻʱдϲЦһŻ棬
飡
ǹϸϻ𣬺ݺݵҹȥ
Ȼ۷סһֻס˹ȴֵסǹɿֲĻ档
ɫĻűĴ۵壬ʱھ٣æתԪ⡣
飡
ۣ
ιڳܲסɫϮ³һѪˡ
³һѪɫ΢΢һ䣬ڴҶϸܵһ˿в
ָҶӲƴһ֮ˣ˫ŵضҶСˣ벻Ѳһʲôˣ
Ҷ۾һУܵвë׵ĸܵǸвеĳ
Ǻ
еĳͬ޸һ죬ͬʱֲѹҶ
ؿҶȴΪζû뵽꣬ȻܹԼ֮
սԪѾ̫ˣֻܺƤʹ֮
ȻЩʤ֮䣬Ѿ˲ôˣǰҶֱһնɱ
ˣ
һ죬еĳ˲䱩ǰɶߣͬУҶն䡣
ƾն


348 Σ
ƵʱҶ͸ܵв۵ǿһ
˫֣ǰӡҶʱֳһٶѹ⽣ɣԨѺ齣
ӡ˲壬׷ںϳΪһĹ⽣
ٶ齣ɵĹ⽣ת͸޾ɱ֮⣬ҶｫץУͬʱһȡ
ն
⽣۵ıײȥֲռŤһձ
䣡
ɵĹ˲ɢǧΧڣǾʯǿľɷɻҡ
𶯣˷ԲʮԭֲĹ£һƬڵħޱࡣ
죬Ӧ׷ȥֻһ𣬾þòɢ
찡ʥӼǿսϹȥ
һЩ̽Сӣɴֱ̽ķȥʥӼսޱȣ۲һ£Լд档
󣬷ԲʮһƬǽ壬Ҷ۾ղŵһĴϢš
Ҷ飬ѪͭɫƤϣ˿ڣеĵطܿͷгǹأһҡҡ׹ģ
һֵĿҶҲ벻ֻлΪҶȻܹԼȫһ
Ҫ֪Ͱս֮ʱҶʹǿҲܾ֮֡
ȻĿǰҶܵˣҲòȥҶһǡնЯص㽫飬ܵص𵴣Ƹӡ
һһŵҩֱ븹У˲ƿʼתųҶﱼ
ҶＱæһڤ£Ѹٻָƣǹһڣӭۡ

һǹ𿪣ʱо½ıԼҪ
һҶгǹ滨һƬ⣬һ󼱹
Ȼ˶Ѿǿ֮ĩҶϰ󰵽۳־Ҫ۸߳ܶࡣ
ҶĹͬκһ㣬۳裬ֵ
һʱ۵Ķͷͼ˺Ȼ֣ҶڴԼϲ١
𾪵ͬʱҲĶʼɣġվ׹û뵽ҶĹȻҪǿ
ΪʥʥӣȻһ۲ĲݸСӸȥܵˡ
æӻȡһУõһöҩУһ˲۵Ԫָһء
ȥ
õ˵ҩۻָһЩսҶչһ󼱹ѾҶ֮ˡ
ղµĵҩΪ쵤һöƷҩ˲ظǿɵԪΪϧ
ĵҩʹڳʥأҲֻöǹŴѾʧ˵ǹƷ
Զսͼ󣬲ſŽһö쵤£ԭֻǱöѣû뵽ҶƵزòⱦĵҩ־ŭۡ
۷ˡ쵤սָһأҶʱеΪ
һҧֱӽԨٻ齣նĹˣֻٻˡ
ȻҲҪݽߣǿָԨܹ쵽ģҶеǹͿԨӲǽס۵Ĺ
ҶȻǴ˵е˫ޣжʼ֮ĸУžǻ
ҧгݣ͵ǹԨһʱҲӦ˿⡣
Ϊߺ޵ǣҶ̫̬ôʱս½Ϊ
Խƴ½Խ죬˶ʱƴĲ־˭ֵܹΪ˶Ѿȫ͸֧

Ҷʤһ֧£ǹ۵ĳɡ
ʱѾȫʧȥɫһƬңҲ벻ȻڣһܸһΪϡ
ҶʱҲͷ󺹣ֽΪû֧֣ڵϵԨгǹָۣص˵ֻ֮һ˿Ի뿪Ҫˣ
۵ؿҶһۣصȻܲģòϣȷʵǿǿ󵽳ҵ󣡡
˵㲻ֵܣھֳɡҶﻺ̧ǹǹź۵ؿڡ
ҶҪµĶֽȻһϮҶһݣüóǹֵͱһɿֲײɡ
ȥ
Ҷﱻɵһ˲䣬Ѫ磬ͬʱߴһŮӵ˻
ֱҶʮ˵ľ룬ŻסΣһɵĵһ
ʱ߳һŮӣվߣƻųƣȻֵľ
ŮǳʥŮٻȻǲʥ֣ƺһԺ齭
ԭԴ׷ѰȪһֱһŬȥץȪɵ㡣
ǸΪƤʼոǱһ룬ȲҲԶ˿׷˼µʱ䡣
·ˣ˲仯һ⣬ʧǰ
һ˶ɵˣôˣһʱûѪ
ôʱҲ׷ĽƣȪѾʧ֮£ֻԭػָ
Ҷ۴սʱǵע⣬ٻǹϢΪϤ֪ս˹ս
һһ£һ¶ˣݶ൱޺
ٶȼ죬пֵǰսʱǲɵˡ
ǶϳҶȻֳֳǹָۣ۶̱ڵأ
ٻʱŵûɢ붼룬ֱתռ֮͵ϮҶ۾¡
һЩǣҲ龰ʱսǣֻôҲ޷ۼĽ
ٻæӻͳһҩ۷£һʵʦ֣⵽ô£
ǹٻ죬֣ƺԺ齭гʺš
Ȼ֣ҲʥӣսϣҪѷһ
ۼľȴǣһ߾Ȼͬ޵еۻܣǹٻ֣ʥӾҪˡ
öҩԻָһ˿صɱǧҪ뿪
һ˼ɵҶ⣬ٻŶ˵Ҷɽڵǣ˾λСһ֮
֣ƺԺ齭ͷҲ뿴Ҷﵽʲôܻۣ֮ͬʱҲʥһ顣
ΪҲǿеǿߣһۿҶҲѾ;ƿݵľأûκв
˴ӦٻԥֱӶҶ֣ƺԺ齭ߣֻ֣׼ֹҶܡ
ҶҪʬΣ


349 Ԯ
˳֣Ҷ֪ˣֱӷһβҺ
ҺҶʱоһϵȫָƣһɨ⡣
ԪǿݽߵģûаõָҶЩź
˳ԼҶҲ룬Ⱦܣ˦øһתۼͱ´һ·̣빬
ʱԶѾԽԽ˸ۿҶǰܣ׷
ûɣ۾Ȼڵϣ˲ᣬ˭
ףǸ·СӺҶôᱻʥӼǿ׷
ʲô˵ǱǸҶСӻܵģϢײ
һʱһЩһǣ׷ױװԺĴ
ҶոձٶȻǰϢĳһѳֱҶĿڡ
ΪûԪ֧ţҶ½󣬵ǰѳֵʱҪѾˣֻƴܿҪ
ۣ
ܹĿڣǰѳֱӴҶļ򣬴һѪꡣ
ʱռһŤһɫӰڰС
ģ
Ҷһҧгݣôһ裬ٻѸٽΧסǲѷˡ
Ҷҧгݵı飬Ц͵ϮһĵˣܰĵĻȥ
ҶӲģʶؾްɡٻĵ
ްɣǵѡ֣г΢΢һڣĵ
ߵԺ齭һԹص쵰ȻҰ䣬ҲҪʬҧ飡
ڸղۣҶүܸҴˣԺ齭ôҶ֮ǣ
񾭹ôʱѪƴϷʥضʧأⶼǰҶ͡
ҶûˣŻĵҶҲ㣡
ĲмһѾ;ƿˣҿʲô˵󻰣Ҫˣ
˵껰ֱӶҶﲱն
ٻԶʹһɫ˶ʱ⣬ֱӶҶ
ȻǶ֪ҶϾر򲻿ܻۣôջ˭Ҳ
Ҳһλ벽ɵּɵҶɱֱӽʬߣôǺڶˡ
Ҷƾ֮óǹĵĽԺ齭ȭͷ͵ˡ
ҶֻһȭӭȥҶȭͷײԺ齭ʱҶļͷٻһС
ۣ
һѪû֣ƵĳֱҶߡ
ͣ
ȻܣǱ̳һӣѪ
ļҶһˣƵֱ۲ȻĴţȻѾٻϣһ󽹼ֻ֪ҶߵĴڣǵõ롣
ҶѾû˷֮һ죬£Ҷĺץ䡣
ۣ
һ죬һץסҶĲӣûа˷ܣ޾Ŀ־Ͳš
ͷֻҶֱֱӴԼǰ󱳣ֱϲ˵绡ž졣
ĵţȻҶĲӣֻҪ΢΢һͿɱҶ
ϧڵһ˿ʹֻĸţҲĴ
ͨ
ĵʬԵڵأ˫л͸¶޾Ĳʡ
˵ƫšҶ￴һۣѪƻضŹٻˡ
ҶʵղǹⲼֻɱģڱٻеʱȷʵˣأֱۣⲻȥֵ֣ƵĳΪ˾Ǹ󵼻ģΪԼһֱѾˡ
µʱҶﰵн֮תͬıֱ͵Ϯ֣Ļɱ
ЩսǿģǶҶвģΪǸɱ֣ðʱҶƴˣҲҪɱһӳȥϣûС
һ벽ǿߣôˣٻ˶ͷһҶơ
ԶսѴﵽǧˣǶڼԶĵطţǶǿţ﷢һУһ
һ벽ܣôǰʱǷԼĶˡ
ÿ£һߣȻɱһ벽Ĵڣ
ˣѾˣֱҪǳɳ˭Ķ֣
֪ʥӼǿߣôӦ
ٻһҶ㲻װǻˣ߳ȥ
ҶĿˣЩ߸ϵʥӼǿǡ
ЩѹˣƾԼϲãɱᣬ·Ǿס
ҶԽЩ˾ԽöģԼΪȫǱƳģǻҪڳһ߸ϵļƣҶﶼ¡
һҶصòҪӳȥ罫ᱻ߸
ˣİɣԻġ֣ƲмЦ
λҪˣʵڿİ׳ջǰְɣ
˵гһâҶն䣬һȻ˵ĲмȴΪɵϸҶ
ٻԺ齭Ҳѧ׷ȡҶԶ̹
Ҷֻƾ֮ȥֵǷ֮һ󼱹ĿѪ
Ҷ徭Ѫĸ죬ɸ֮ǰҶͱˡ
ԶĹսǣʱסˣͬʱҶľ֮顣
ƾһۣ֮ƣ֮սλʥӼǿߣӢ˭ܲ̾
ʵ̫ǿˣƾ֮ʥӼǿߣ
ϧҪôˣʵڿϧ
˿ʼ̾ȻҶĽ֣ϾʥӼǿߣҶǿ֮ĩ
飡
ҶﱻԺ齭ӴɣȻ֮ļӳ£ȴ˿١
ۣ
ҶһѪ˼Σ֮УǰһＫΪƻ
̰ðҶƴ˵ĻᣬȻһһ㽫Ҷ
ʥӼǿߣСԴһߣ¼ֻҶôһˡ
Ȼ֪ǵսҶȴһ취ûУֻӲġ
Ԫһգ޷˵ܶ
Ҷﱻס˶¶һĨɵ΢Ц˵ʵǶҶﶼǳļɵ
ҶĿֲֲܹۡ
ڵҶѾսݽߣܹصֵǷֱ֮˵
ҲԽҪɱҶľģ̫ΣˣһʱɳЩʥӽôԣ
顣
ҶﳤǹסԺ齭Ӵ˫ֱķ飬ЦǲС
Ժ齭ʱŭҪǰ壬ȴٻסڹ⼤ŭ㣬һˣʲôüƽϵģ
˹ٻĻԺ齭ʱһҪǰһˣԼϵ
Ժ齭˻ȥҶһʧѾĵ˼ޣ汳Ķ
䣡
ҶﱻһնУߣеǹɡ
˼״ϲ׷ͦҶն䡣
ȻһɽѺĵӰ֣ǹɿµľ
Ҵ磬ͳͳȥ


350 
Ҵ磬ͳͳȥ
һɽѺĵӰ֣ǹɿµľ
ͷһǹĵ⣬ͷ˲նɱҶæֵ
䣡
һ죬˱ʮɣͷһݣҪ˵Ȼбʰ쵣ͬʱһɭ

һ߳һʮɳʼʸſֲХֱ˶ȥ
д󺧣ǿʥӼǿߣȻܹǵϡ
ѹĵ㺮˲һ˿ͷ
˷Ӧʱ򣬼ʸѾٽ˰вãæӶǰ
飡
汻ըһӣ˻ͷٴαˣǸæסΣŷҶ߶һЩˡ
һòŮ裬ƮƮֳһʳ˷ԲĿռ䣬Ůһ㣬ղһġ
ϴûʵ̫ˡϷЩʵطסҶžĵ
ҶǸһĨЦݣҹ꺮ѩ塢ȻŷǡܿɽȻȫˡ
ǺǣôǱĻ汻ǿˣǶ˰ҶϵĻҳЦ
Ҷ磡
𳤹ٲղŵ䣬ʱһίСŮҶʧʹ
ŷǺͳȻҲһʹĿҶǻǵһμҶôǱһߡ
Ҷοһ·ֱӵһ£ҹ꺮һףͨ۾ĵļ
ܿɽݺݵıҶϴ۸㣬Ұǣ
СӻôɰҶЦļѩǰ
ʱѩһ۵СӣȫɱһӺݸ㣬ͬʡ
Ҷ￴ѩһӿյģȻǱնϵģɵһʹ
硱ѩۣظҶӵ
ֵܣԲҽͿԸ㱨ģû뵽ӣѺ¶ˡҶǸĵ
ѩ弤˫ͨ죬ղѾ۲սԲĴضˣ۸Ǳˣɼⳡսôҡ
ҶôΪͷܲж˵Щʲô˰죬ȴһҲ²
ҶôһԭϷ⣬˶Ѿغһ׼ȥҶ
ҲɣϷɷɱķײǣ֪Ҷʥ۶ˣ˴󼱣ɱڹؼʱ̾Ҷ
Ҷ߸ովһ𣬶ԱߵҲлظʮֲ졣
Ϊǳֵѩ壬ǷΪڣȴܹвʥӼǿߵĹǳԾС
ٻһ˲ȻһնֱҶ˶
䣡
ҶǰȻһ漸ʮɺǽǽ֮Ϸܲԡ
ǵ̺֮Ľصնǽ֮ϣǽʱ飬ȴֵסĹǽҶˣһëû˵
޳ܵǣ۸ϴ󣬰Ҫġܿɽһ˫ڴһģһ
ܿɽĺ󷽳һߴɵܣӸܿɽһģһĹ󣬷һŭһֱƣŹٻ䡣
ٻǸͬСɽһİƣͷһݣæܿ
飡
һصڴϣط·˲ˮأһܼɢ
ٻոնƵĹȴ㲻ǹɢʱ
û뵽ǣܿɽһʵǷΧŶܰƣһӱײ
飡
һ죬ٻʱ䶼ûУֱӱֲײţͬغ«һ㱻ɡ
Ժ齭֣Ϊ΢ԶһЩǹŹֺ󣬼æ˺һ١
ٻϵ飬ϰֻһڼףϴƬļ¶棬ͷɢòǱ
ܿɽսϴеģԶʥܵĴؼΪǿ
ʱԶŹսǿǣˣζ벻Լ֮꣬ܿʥŮ£޸˭Ҳϴ
߾Ҫǣ·ҲŹġϷֱӷɵܿɽٻϣָŹٻƿڴ
ϷɸܿɽϹˣ˵Ĭ̶ȣ˿ɱȣһӰŹٻȥ

ٻԴոմѣѹϷɵĽȻԼȫ㣬һ˺ѷεļС
û꣬ܿɽĵһιٻʶΣգȻͷʢŭѹܿ
ѧˣֱϷɣθһ⣬ͷն
ͣ
һ죬Ϸɵת֮£նļͷѪɽ
ԭϷһܿɽĹҪֱӿйٻԴģٻȴԤ֪Σգؼʱ̶㿪Ҫնڼͷ
ԭնڼͷҲûʲôΪٻ֮ӳ֣һѪһˣβһˡ
ΪϷһɲɵؽٻĻڼ׵ĴӸնˣٻͷһʹǰһ
Ǹסܵڼȥǰֻãʱڹǰ
ԶսǶʱ۷ֱͷĸʮҲ
Ҷһ𣬸Ҫۿֻ֣˲佫ߣʮǵİΧ

ȻŷǺͷͬʱȵ
ϷҲû뵽ʱ΢΢һ£ʥŮ㱼ôΰս飬Ҳû
쵰ҪʬΣ
ٻҪˣæȡһս״ϣЪ˹ؼУϷɳ
ܿɽĹ͵赲ͻƵϷߣϷȴ޼ɵĵضһʱҶֲ¡
ʱ֣ƺԺ齭վסˣϾҸոսˣŲʣ׷׼
ѩһȣףгһӰռľ룬ֱ֣ǰ
֣һбն
飡
ײһ𣬷̶ĺ
ͣ
һΪĽϮδϱ߸ӵıϢܹ˵궳ᣬͬʱŻһе־

ԼĹȻû˵ѩ壬дΪ죬ʱǵ٣ʱһæӽֵ
ۣ
һ֣Ʊǹɽ˼һ𾪡
սӴǹɽʱһɱĺ㽫֮Ļ⣬궼𼤵Ĺʵ̫ˡ
֣֮ǰӣ裬Сظ˼սһһʱ䵶⽣Ӱݺᡣ
Ժ齭ո̤һһ߳һٻӰӭɫҽݺն䡣
Ժ齭һһȭŷǵĳ֮ϡ

һ󣬽齭ֱ۱ɫΧ

Ժ齭һҽУֱ۶ʱպڣͬʱһ㻺Ʈ
ҵʹԺ齭ŭһٻӰҪŷȥ
ʱһĽ֮У޼᲻ݵХնԺ齭ǰ
ͣ
ѪŽ


351 ȫ
һĽ֮У޼᲻ݵХնԺ齭ǰ
ͣ
ѪŽ
Ժ齭ЩŵĿԼؿڣһ߶೤ĿӣѪⷭѪ
Ժ齭һ࣬³ȹ鶯ɵĳȻڰգбָһġ
Ժ齭ͷղǽʱһֲõԤУڹؼʱ̺һʱѾնˡ
ǵȻķпƤжһ
֪ӲˣԺ齭˲ñˣһֱ֮ʹ塣
ͷ­˲ͷһɫۼףһβͣƱǡ
ŷǺͳȻŮһ߳裬кԺ齭չһ󼱹

ܼıԺ齭ȻȫɱնΡ
ۼ׷ߣڶŮĹΪϬԣʹ۴УæһѹǱޣǰס
ǰѹǱ޼ٶɣԺ齭һ裬ʱХƾˣȻŷǶˣһʱκβá
սϷֳɱϷɺܿɽһԻƽϣսѾ췢˷ʥŮٻ
ٻһֱɱϷɣܿɽı͵Ϊǿʼչơ
Ϸһмָӷɽﻹʱط̼䣬һ˵ٻѿһǰһһС
ùٻҧгݣ˫ͨ죬ͷƴʢŭӲԭеʵʼκβǡ
Ҫ˵ΪҵսҪѩҹ꺮ս֣ƣϬȫɱУ˭һпе
Ҷ﷢֣ѩϵһֱۺ󣬵վ
ΪʲôѩڤȴϷãȥ֫ˡ
ΪĵоܿÿһߵļΪ·ߣǶȸǵ굽ϡ
ֻڵĻʹõЩУҲֱӽԼֱۿСӾȻһ׶۵
ҶﲻаޣСţ۵ʤСôУ̫ѵˡ
ҹ꺮ʼ겻ı䣬͸еĳһһǣټϻļӳ֣ÿһſֲƻ
ԭ֣Ʋδ˷ϣսĳԽսԽľԽսԽ
ľֻڵΪܷӳսǣǳɳ绹ЩʥʥŮ֮
ս˫Ĺ𽥼ӴնһӰһܽ˺ѣռ
ĿսǳȻŷһ飬ȻԺ齭ֱӱˡ
ȻŷǶǾŮƮƮ裬㷢ڶˮŭȴһ㵹̬
ػҶߣֳɫʱעսϵĶ
ԶսԽԽ࣬ĿɿڴؿǰĿսľ
ðһˣȻǿڣͿԸʥ࿹
ʵ̫ˣһӳô࣬Ƕ˾֮ˡܵ˴
Щ˺ҶߵˣǶҶôӦö£
ȻۣţֻҶ̬ס˲п
ҶѾǰ˸װףȻûҶ۴սĳ
ԶҪ˵սټֽ˹˵ۣ˵һˡ
ƾŻߵΪʥеĶڣ;ƿݵ£һٻɱΪ벽ܣҲֻʥѷĴڰ
λʥӼϹ£ƣ֧ʱڼֵԮĵ
սݰµĺ飬˭ܹ⣿
ٻҪ˷ʱ䣬ȫɱҶسɴ󻼡Զ˹˵ۣȻһȣή
۵һȣʱ˾ѣҲΪҶһҪɱˣ롣
ٻʱӸ״̬ѹϷɣֱҶ﷽ȥ
ҪŮߣѵ·ϴϷɼٻֱҶȥʱд󼱣к
ոձĹٻΪϷ仰ӰеݺһҧҶȥ
ȻٻκβܿɽϷɣǹٻҪߣҲ˿ס˼ҡ
ܿɽٻľܵȻսǿ̬ƶٶˣ޷ء
ಣ
һʸڹٻţٻǸһĨмЦʱֻʸ顣
ǿȴ΢΢Щ飬ͬʱҲܵҪǰʱһʸѾš
ÿ죡
ٻһб䲻ݷ֮ʣֻʸɡ
ಣ
ոսǼʸɣһֻϢļʸֱļͷǡ
ۣ
ʸϿ񱩵ٻļͷըһѪҲɡ
ʱҹ꺮˷׷׷ԼĶ֣سҶߣԷ͵Ϯ
ΪҶ̫һ̫ܵΣˡ
ٻʱɫѾŤıˣû뵽һССĹ֣ȻԼĻȫƻˣвɵôޡ
ٻһȣг߾٣ʱһһɿֲѹϯȫ
찡ʥŮҪ֮ˣҲ˵Ƶòˣ
һȺڣȻܹʥŮƵ̶ȣ԰ˣ
ֵ֮ܵģȫҪ군ˣ
ʱ˲ΪȻص˭˵ֵܵģǰۺҶսϣ˭ó޷ֵôҶôģ
Ǹ˶ʱƿԡ
ǸΪȻˣͶү߸磬Ҳ˵ˣүҶʵһˣʱеҶ
ٻҹ꺮ɫһ䣬û˺󣬷׷ױȫ׼ӭһ
Ժ齭֣ƶһۣ΢˳һξ룬ǿɲ뱻ĹΧ
ʹʥӼǿߣ빥ΧҲǷǳΣյģΪҪڵȫȥܷͨӳ
һ£˭ҲԸȥΪһ֮Ҫڵȫ֮
һ󣬻һ˥ڣΣķԶս˭Ҳɵȥá
˳ֵȭŴ֣ѾǺܴˣԼ֮ٻûôӡ
ٻҲ֪˲ܻᶯɴԼĶãֻҪɱҶһж˵컯Ѿںˡ
ҶǴˣһ뵽պɳǾͻһ󵨺
ˣ
ѣѹɢҹ꺮˶ʱоԶս֮ˣЩȴ
Ҷ̾һ׻ûסƣ־Ҫٻ
ȻһֲͬѹһԲɵľ޴Ӱٻ
붯Һø磬ҵĴͬⲻͬ⣡


352 սĻ
ͻıһȻɫһ䡣
Ҷһȡɽ
ϴյ
ܿɽҶٻһ䣬֮ǽػסγһԲ
䣡
Բողϣһɺ纣ҷɢ
ܿɽæõķͬݿһ㣬׷飬ۼҪѣܿɽһԳԭ͡
ɵϣɫ·Լסǹɿµѹ
赲㰲ȫͦһನ˶һ֮ȻԵֵ
ܿɽջرصʱһٻӰҶǰϿűȱ˻ҪϼȦĴӣݵվ
½ѩ
һʱ½ѩȻѾͻƵ˰벽ȻһٻĹס
ٻ򱻿ֲʮȫ֮ɫ½ѩ
ؼǵãŮʥʵСһʱչֳڵʵ˴۾
û뵽²ѾͻƵ˰벽Ȼе
Զս˼ҲѾϳ½ѩ
ʥصʥŮЩˣ
٣ĳ棬һӶδ̫ˣ
ɱҶǲʵˣҶһ𣬱ȻһɳƲɵ
Щ̾һǿʥŮ룬ǳʥǿᣬҲûа취
һٻɣ½ѩתͷܵҶǰҶֵø磬û°ɣ
½ѩȻװ벽ȴ崿ĸƵģҶ΢΢һЦû£ΪǣºøԺ򲻹ˣ
˼Ҹո˴ħԳѪΪ˺ܶ࣬Ժ˭۸ø磬СѩôӰըڱ½ѩЦ
ӸղŵһҶͿ½ѩӱ̬ˣ򲻻Ὣٻɣһһļơ
۹ٻϢѾʼ½ƣ޷ټһ֮ˡ
Ҷ½ѩļ룬ԭһӱˣȻֻ½ѩһǿߡ
ҹ꺮˶ǿսȻΪڻ۷壬ÿ˶Ÿʥӽаʵ
һʱ˫ֲ£ٻʱһǾʹ뿪ֵĲġ
ʱۻվȻϢ΢Ȼ糤գ˲ұӡ
ۣţˣû˸С
ߵٻߣ俴Ҷã´ϣȻôõ
Ƿһ˿м΢ЦԽԽġõ㣬ǰ·Դͱҿˡ
ߣҴˣ´ҾԲˣСĵ㡱ߵ
´μ棬նͷ­
Ҷøϻʧܶҳϵˣֵȥˮػһ䡣
ɫŹٻת뿪
֣˵Щʲôʲô˵Ȼеڲˡ
ʱ˵ʲô֮Ĵʣ˱ģ⣬𲻵á
Ѿ˻ˮҶ𣬼ɻ⣬Ͱѹٻ˸׳죬һжˣһԲ뿪ˡ
Ժ齭ĶҶСӣ㺦һôˣǲưոݵģҵţ
İɣѾϴɾˣ͵ͲءҶﵭĵ
Ժ齭һת뿪һսʹĻ
ԶսҶɢȥǵ뿪ҶĴ쳹ˡ
ۺųʥеĲ񻰣һ߸ƣ޷
սۺƣȻλʥӼǿߣ˭Ҳ
սϣֻҪ˵϶̸Ҷ֣ѾǴ
ҶҲ뿪սһĵطҶﾭһһҹĻָڻص۷״̬
ο˵ʵ̫ΣˣҪûƵٻ˻ȻɱɼƻԶϱ仯
Ҷָ󣬴ҿʼ黶ЦһԵľ
ҹ꺮Դ뿪콣ϿȺѰһ̶̶ѰһһѸԵҹ꺮˷ܲѡ
ѩûôõʲôû̵˵׷ɱ㶪Ҳø˶۵ս쭡
ܺãһ·ϳһЩ˹⣬ûʲôսһɽеõһöĹӣԺԼȻľ֮ͻƵɾ˺ĺľ֮塣
Ҫ֪ŷǺͳȻǶ壬ʼΪ
壬ӵϡУʷлûֹǵһ
ܿɽСҲɵɵȻƾŸоҵźûзѰ͵õ˴С
뵽ԼС¶ˣѾǧ࣬ҶǲˣõУ̾ѡ
ŷǺͳȻŮһ·ȻѰ˼ǲûеõʲôĻԵ
ҶȻ뵽һ£Լõȡ˳ݸȻȻ㿴
ѽƯĵҶƫģҲҵһŷǼǸ񣬶ʱĿһȻ졣
ȻǸ˿ûϲã΢΢ɫҰס㣬ôˣ
Ȼ˵ע⣬ҶųȻ֣еһƬ䣬еʵȻǲǲ
ȻҡҡףḧһǸɫԽĲ԰ף˫֮Уˡ
˼Ȼ̬쳣óĬЩأȻǿЦֻ̫ˣҶ͵ʵڲ࣡
˶ʱȻҶȴΪأ˳Ȼ쳣
ţȻͻȻŷǺͷȥһ£Ƭ̺Ůɫ죬һƬ糺졣
Ҷȥһ£
ҶЩͷԣϢĴʣԶȻԶȣ΢΢Ʈͬ߳Ů
ҶﵽȻ΢΢¶һŽ׵ıݣˮȫ⡣
Ҷɣ
ҶﱻȻ㵹֮ʱȻҶ֣οռ䴫ͣһƬɽ֮С
ɽ֮ٲɹң̶ˮģ̲˼ɾ
֣һ¶ǰ㷢ڶӨϣһĨ糺졣
Ҷɣ𣿡
Ȼü棬ﲨתǸ̬ǣҶںδûע⵽Ȼĳƺб䣬ѿ޵ʵ̫ˣϵһ
ķҶգĿԡҲҪʲôŮӣ
ҶЩɵģȻϸһĨĸԵĹԣҶһǡ
ҶɣԸȡΪ𣿡
Ը⣬ҵȻԸ⡱ҶһĵɫΪý
ȻɫӺˣҧ񴽣һ˫˪ѩۣסҶĲӣͳװɣ


353 ɽ
Ȼɫ糺죬ҧ񴽣һ˫˪ѩۣסҶĲӣͳװɣ
ҶʱͷǼȫǳȻ㣬ʧ޾
ȻҶ˾Ķ΢΢һ󣬳ȻеصҶɣôˣ
ҶҪ˵Ժд̾ϢҶúϧɣڷΧڣ
һ㶣ҶҪѯʾȴ־ж˸ϵ
ôҶɣ㲻Ҫ𣿡Ȼɫ΢΢Щ԰ףĿиֵϧ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôֹԼǴʱѾ˲ôˣ˶أܾܾ
ųȻ΢΢֣ôܲҪأֻ̫ίˣ
ҶųȻһƬյǰӽָȡȼҶɫׯϣ˫ϥأմ
Ϊ֤ΪҶԸȢȻΪޣһһĲ䣡
һһ䶼ĵԣصڳȻķϣˮջ䡣
ģУֻǸǸᶨׯϵӰӡԺС
ǷԷθԣлصȻһʱ侹Щˡ
ȻҲɣ
Ȼ˲۽ǵˮعҶԱߣԸ챣ӣҶһǣƽϲ֣
ҶЦȻǸС
Ȼһ죬ҶĻУĿһ˿ˡ
ỷסҶĲ˫һ˿ȣĿ룬ӣҶɣң
˵ӣӡҶϣһһţҶŻҩȼ
һŻڻϪƲɵע̶֮С

ŻУƣ˯ˣü΢ϸʹֵֿı顣
ͬһ⻬壬ɢŰһӨһ޳ȴԼϡ
˯еĳȻ΢΢һ£·ʹüһ壬ּ˯˹ȥ
ųȻϧҶԼ⣬ԼȻ嶯ߴΣ˼Ĵֱ֮ް
ȻȻҶ΢΢۾ҶѾˣ΢΢һҶɣ㻹ҪҪĻȻ͸㣡
Ȼˣأ
Ȼⷽ涼ޣҶﻹѹסŴϵѪһ۵ȻԲ𣡡
ȻӨһ˿ĵķ飬ҵķȻԶģ
Ҫˣһˣ£˵ôĻֱȴҩҪʮҶʱԼҪʼ췴ˡ
Ҷæ·һ߲Ȼ죬Ǻ˵ʲô
ȻҶԼҲԸҪԼһĵϧж
Ҷ𣬳ȻһҸȸףǶӦˣ
ҶŻȻ򣬹ֲŷǺͷʱЩֵֹġ
ȻȻǿߣҲǳµŮжЩ㡣
ҶæȥȻ·УҶѳֲסٴνƵ
ȻѾÿһ缡ȻѾռıˣǴļҶͷһ
Ȼ·ʱ㻨һʱ䣬Ҷȴоһһ
˴гʱѾĵڶˣ˶һЦһѪĸо
ʰö󣬳ȻҲֱָۼطȥ
Ҷ˻˼ԭɵĳȻӵݹˡ
½ѩųȻطʵĳȻͨ죬һϹŪȥˡ
ŷǺͷ֪ЩʲôŮģųȻʱʱ͵Ҷһ
ҶװûϷɵһȾƣ׼Ҹʲô⣬һεա
Ȼһ𣬾Ϸеľˮˣһɺ俪
ɫ΢΢һ䣬æ߳һֻԶһֱ̾Ϊ֮ɫ
ÿֲ
ߣȥҶŴֱƬȥ
˳Ծǣ￴žú֪ܽǸطȻ֮⡣
˷ɱ֮ʣϷͻȻǸ˵ҵˣ̸ǾͲôѾˣ
ȻһЦһõҲûãʹ˵ֻܿűɵۣ
˵չʾһеһʯҶϳǵ̺ߵʯû뵽Сӻһ֡
û£´ǡҶﰲοϷɵǰС
ֱӽĿĵصʱ˲ͣ½ŲһĿɿڴĿǰ
ֻǰһƬɽȣԲʮһƬ׵縲ǣɽȵģһԲǰĹǹɿֲѹ
ҶΪǿԶԶؿɽȵģһ̳̳ķһѴӡ
ǴӼռǸֲĹġ
ǸӺÿֲʲôʥϷɼѵһڿˮ
ΪǱˣɢѹ֮һ
ףˣڸǸӹͨȡǼȵĵ
ѭȥȷʵӰھ޴Ĵ±ߣϥ˫ֽӡʲô
ҶϸһʱϳǣϷʥصʥӽݷ磬ʥŮࡣ
ȻԶӰĶˣϾֻҪϹӣԶҲܿĹ
˶ǰľ󾪴ˣ龰˵ǸԲľ޴𺧲ѡ
˶ʱ̲סŽ׵򣬺Ȼǹ׵֮Ȼǿ󣬾Ȼܹǿȣ׷״ϲȥ
壬ԹžУֻش䣬Ѿûϴֻĵһ֮ɽھһ
Ҷ˵֮Ȼǿ󣬵ǲ񱩣ǿԽ壬ԽԽǿСģ
нȥǶԹŮȥˡҶ˴˸кһͷ׺֮Уֱݷķȥ
ݳԶսǰԼ裬ǳ͵ϮҪҶһֱء
ֻǽս˾˼һ㣬ҶѰ˺ܾãû
˾ȻﹴǸ󴸣жʱȻϷʥ̽·ǹȡ
ȡ˵⣬ǸӾȻ˷죬Ҷˡ
Ҷһ·ǰУϣһž죬޷κ˺
׵磬ҶǺڹһɲҶת֮ա
ǰУȻҶϣǰ֮ԽԽǿҶյҲԽԽࡣ
ԶӰҶǷһ˿Ц죬Ҫġ


354 ׵ս
Ҷǰм䣬ȻӦ֮ԶǿϢʶһɨʱһ
ȻĶ̫ˣǿ߶˹Ϊ˺ܶϤӰ
ʥ֣ƣʥŮˣʥصҲָ۷սʥŮٻҲˡ
һӣֳһѰֽȣǰȻƮʥʥӰչá
ҶﻹԺ齭ͻսӰ֮⣬ȻмףһΪȴѾﵽ˰벽硣
Ȼʱǰ˭Ҳٵ͵ˣ
Ҷ˶Щ˵вֱɽıȥ
ԼҲӿ˽Ųʱϡ
λʥӼǿ߷ҶͷһΪҶԶսһʱ
˶˼֮ˣϲûб¶ʲôҲһȻ֮ɫǰͦ
ɽģ޴֮µ࣬ɫЩŵص磬Щ鷳ˣ
޷֣ܴһʱ㲻Ҫģȫҹͨ׵սݷһƽĵ
ͷȻԶҶʱüɱ
쵰Ҳˣ
ҪСʧ󡱽ݷȵ
ŻѹеɱŬԼƽȫݷ繵ͨ׵ս
׵սȣҶ鲻ֵһӣ໹Ƿֵػ
ԭǧǰϷʥؾͷ׵սͨϺʹ˵ȷһѵ۱׵ս
Զʱڣԣ۲У׵һλպĴڡ
׵һףޣԶţϸزֳֻ֪࣬һ׵սսһβܵ񻰡
Ϸʥظ߲㣬֪Ϣ󣬶ʱϲõ˵۱¾ʥ֮ضöǸ׳Ƴ
ļԶսĿǵĻȵĶʱġ
ΪǸ޷׵սǿֲ֮ǰ벽ǿܹġ
̽Умζʥ䣬ףӲƴǲеġ
ӴϷʥһ氵ռرһ氵ػط
ԶսʱǶʥӼǿߣػһ˿ͽɱǧܾȻ漣رסˡ
ڻ첻ˣǧŬҲ챻ǵţƷˣҵһϵ顣
һıǴȻ֮ľбϷʥصõһϢһбɵĳС
Ϸʥظ־֣Ϊ˷ֹ©Ϣһҹ֮佫ɵʮɱ⡣
õϷʥֿʼϵһ׺ĵӣȥƿ顣
ڽݷһ˲ţǿԲٿ飬Ϸʥ˵ϣԶս
ݷ֮ûһʼûȥҶΪܱܵ𣬾Ϊ׵ս
ΪĴڣΪͬ࣬˶ʱ˳׵սǰ
ż飬ݷ罫Լ֮ע飬ȥͨ׵ս
Ϊ׵սǵ۱۱飬Խݷʵշ۱ڳ˵Ρ
ݷ粢Ϊշǳ׺ȥ׵սŽߡ
鲢ֻ꣬ǵһǶѣܻ˼
տʼеĺ˳׵սҲ˷ӦڽݷΪ󹦸֮ʣ׵սʣÿ·ʲôŭ
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˶Ķˣս˶
֪֪֮޷ʥӼǿᱦֻΧ֮ҲһѵõĻԵ
ϾһЩΪµʣΪʧԽда
һЩȽǿԼΪȽĵˣǰнϾֻҪһ˿ᣬҲܷ
ǰǾͣ˽ŲΪòͣ£ǰѾ˳ܲסֲ֮˽̿
۵ʥӼǿߣû˿ѹǰа̫̾ˡ
֮ǰҶѾǰ񱼣զࡣ
治ǹＶǿߣѵͲ±𣿡
˸˵һ仰ΪԵʣһ׵ϣʱڣһҽС
Ҳ٣׵ҲӲ˳ȥ˰ɣ
Ž壬ֵĵΧ˳
ۿҶıӰȻɫһƬƽһֻȴյýġ
Զ˿ҶıӰ鲻һٻһҧгݣ޲óҶ⡣
չÿҶﱳӰӢϣ¶һ˿Ȼ㲻֮ҲƮƮ˵ôǿ
ΧԽԽ࣬ͣΧһ߾ϴһ߹۲Ķ
ЩһЩݵһӵĿԶ񱼵ĺɫӰ޸п
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ҶԽǰܣǰ֮ԽĿֲˮ״ϸ׵磬ͬһŭŰ
ʱҶڸܵѹٶȿʼòŻһЩͬʱ֮ʼӴ
ΪҶ﷢֣ܹ֮ЧϴԼ壬ͨգ֮ҲԽǿ
֮ҶﾪϲķԼԪѾ覵ĵزֻҪԼԸ⣬ʱͻư벽
ҶգЩ鷳ˡЩصҶԺ
Ҷʱͷһ£Ծ򶨣ʶôʱǵһԼ˵
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ͬһ֧ҵŭʸֱսĶȥһ·ǿײ
˹ݷ磬ȻӦתͷһȻҶȻѾ˲֮ңˡ
ʱݷҲ쵽쳣Զ˷˶Ҷ΢΢һѸһҲ
Ϊ˽Ŀֲû飬ҲҪ
Ҷ񱼼䣬Ȼǰ׵øӿ񱩣ϸ꣬ҶϣʹҶı̬ҲƤѿѪٶҲò
Զһ֮ɫĹŮҶһߣгһѪĳڽݷྪУһ


355 С
׳գܲʸܵŹ֣
Ӿлظһмĵ˵Ǿ仰ϵĲм˲ʧȡһƬ
Ϊǵʮɳļʸ˵䣬룬űѵصڶǰ
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ಣ
˸ոյסֻʸһ˴ϢĻᡣ
飡
һȻо޶ֵܵݳǱֱ۷顣
ûָ̬Ҷĵ֧ʸѾˣǾǣҶ׼ͷʮɵľɹ
䣬ݷ˲ɫ䣬ݼŤıΣŭ
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䣡
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ҶһײϣǸ΢΢һ£ȻһԹΪɢ
ݷǵʱɫ䣬һס⼲ٶȻǵɢٶȡ
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飡
˾ŭеһҶֱۣӱֲķɣеĶƣ˲䱬飬˷׷׿Ѫɡ
ҶĿɿڴĿǰ龰ɵһ󾪺˶飬ֲ̫ˡ
ëϿܣű𣿡ɸֵ
ҶŷӦһ̫ȿ񱼡
ԶһʥӼǿߣݷ࣬ͬĲӬһ㣬ڿзģҲһ
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ʱǱѪȻҲһĶƣǸֻһ룬ϱ߻Ѻۣʱᱬ顣
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ƼΪأ׵籩Уҿ˵ֻɱ˵ĿضҶ
ҶҲֿ籩Լڿзͬʱת󰵽ָơ
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ı죬ЩʥӼǿǣʱҲ׵籩׷ϣ׷ױϱգ޲Ѫ
Щƽʱ߸ϵʥӣ֮ɵУûκη֮
Ҷ΢΢һЦ»֣Щһǿ׳ļһԼһڿǱҶƽࡣ
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ôԼôĻɱڣɲ£ҾҪ޳ܵļһԴǵؽе
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ҹ꺮˼Ʋ׷վҶʱ׼һսһʱռΪš
Ҷ￴ǰݿݣøеӵչðǰɣƮƮе㽻飬ΪУÿɣ
չɫ΢΢һĳףɲҸһЩС˳ֵܣ㻹Ǹһ³ƺɣ
仰˵ļҶѩһ䣬ֻԼĵ
Ҷֹһѩ壬԰չõȻһҪΪУʱȭۣҪСˣ
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չеһĨʼɣҶһԹЩĪ
ûչã㣬һ·ݺѣ벻Ȼеվܺãܺã
ߣ֮λ޴ǣֻΪҽҷУɱôʥ壬û뵽Ҷﻹſ˾أе
ȻϷҶһջŭǸһ۱һ̳һԶŷӡ±߿϶ӡŲ˵Ķһ˵۱ӡƿԶսûһܹѵǶ𣿡
ҶĻһ䣬ʱòһΪҶܿǸ̳Ҷ˵ҲĻԭ
ߣ㵱ҶɵԶսڶˣʲôԻôãҪϹҲҸ׵𣿡һмĵ
ĻһֹԶսԶޱȣ׷ݵ֮ǰȷʵʲôʱ䳤УҪ
Ҷ㷸У˵컨׹Ҳ뿪ĿҶһ˿թ
ǰ۵˵ɫҶʱ֪飬ֻһڣԼôͣǶҪԼ
ҶȻЦʯƣֱرɫ
ҶмѣȻҪսǾɣαʲôڣҶһ¹˭
Ҷһһȭ缤ǰпռ䣬²ɵֵ
ȭ


356 սȺ
ȭ
һȭƱɫ죬һȭȻǰһ֡

չüҶȻҪһ֮ӭսôʥӼǿߣǶǵһ衣
´ȥһΪСӣսʥӣҲ
˶֣չһŭ⣬ȶǰ㡣
еһʮ˸ȹǶԶǴ죬һľڣĹ
Ĵ죬Ƴӣ˵У޹ҲǼΪǿĴڡ
飡
ײһ𣬾ŰΧǿߣ׷ס壬ȴɱԶ
ԭŭİչãʱһһɴӿ治ɵرˣͬʱؿһӿһ𣬲һѪ
Ѫȵζ˿ǻչӲǽѪ̻ڣһƵӣû˿ߡ
ǿ
Զս˷һ˭Ҳָ֪Ҷǰչá
˾֮ʣһ쳹ͬʱһ֮ӣҶΪģŰ
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䣡
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ɱħ˵ö֮ҶǲԶ٣Ҫ־͹ɱ̫أҪΪ²һХбһæҶն䡣
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ĺҲɼ鷳һУʱһƬ䣬жóٻ
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ԶսǶһǿλʥӼǿߵΧһʥкųƲ񻰵ۣҶȻôӲסˣǺεȵı̬
飡
սȫʥӼĽ裬ŭХֲѹһ˽һ˵ķһѵļơ
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飡
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ʱһҶﱻΧҶЩֲסͣˣѪ
Զǲһ̾ϢջҪ䡣
Ȼؿ񶶣һ𣬻صѹٴδ


357 ħ
һһ׷׳Զȥֻ׵սֿʼɢѹҾȻһ˿ƶļ
׵ս·ݷӰŬ֧ţϵϲã·Ҫɹˡ
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飡
û뵽ҶＤȻô죬񵲣æܿ
ոձܿŷҶһȻУֻŻ˵ģӦʱҶѾٱ
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һŭһ޴ӰԼ̳ڶǧա
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ǸţͷһŵĴЦҶ˶ĺһͷĿѣ
ףȻһȺСһ궼ûԶˣȻΪ˵㣬٣ǿԸ뱥Ҳ
ǸţͷĹצһ죬ԶȽܼȺ˲䱻һסЩ˾ȻƮ׷ţͷĹ޿Ʈȥ
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ҶΪŭĶͷȻʹر۾૵صҶɣʶĺÿģΪһ°ɣ
һһ߲ɹ֣Զ׵ս֣׵սܵɹǣȻСֱңɵȻߡ
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ѪӿһȻôʹ࣬ȥɣ
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ҶĻ½ѩҲɫ԰ףΪʼնδĹ
԰սԶսϣϲʲôΣյģʱû˵ˡ
ûϵŻرգʦӦÿԸϻġ½ѩο
ʱȥսҰȻʵֻܹʱϵ
ȫڵĴ󣬲ͣݵĵӷ׷ͨ뿪Щ·Ҷߵʱ򣬹ظҶһ񣬲̤ϴ
Ƕ֪ǳȻɱħ˶Ҫսϣ˵Ҷ˵ĶˣһЩػ̹֮ˣؽݶС
ĵڶ죬һٻӰڰȫʧõƮƮˡ
Ҷеش˸к΢ЩĿһҶİ׷ûѯʡ
ҶЩǸصڰֵ飬ұʾź
˵ƮƮĽ飬ȫԷŰչһǸʱҶΪȻȥޱ࣬޷еɱ
û뵽ƮƮֻ΢΢һЦûа·ϣֻ˵Ҷﲻؽ黳
ƮƮĴȣҶзһ˿Σ˶Ѿɱˣ˵ʲôҲûˡ
ƮƮ˵˼䣬ƮƮҶЩĲɣ΢Цǣ̤˴
תڼʱϾҪˣʼ£ٲ߾ҪԶˡ
Ҷ֮£̤ϴ˶߹ˣҲرա
һ̾Ҫ̤봫󣬺Ȼһʶɢ⣬һӰٷǰ
磬Ͽ족ҶϲС
ҶڵȴԼæ߶ȫ˻һӰͷ̤˴
ռһ󲨶˳޳ǵĹŴϡ
ֻҶһµȴԼһжҶļֵܣɷΪˣ
ҶҪػȻΧ죬ֻʥصķۣΧˮйͨ
ĸܣɫɭȻĶʥصĴϣ֮ǰִʲô
ҶֵʱһϷʥصǿߣһ죬һ޴ƣҶץ䡣
С
Ҷϵľ棬Ҫ֣ȻߵİһȡֵܣҲ۸ģ
һǿѹɢһȭֱӽǸɵĴֻ顣

˶һȻͻƵղһü١
ʥصĴϣԭǵı飬ΪΪɲ١
ﲻʥص£òҪ֡ϷʥصǿߣȻɽԼһ£𺧡
ߣ۸ֵܣʹҰЦһ˫ĿɨȺ۸ҳǼһս
ŰһкȫһƬֻгʥصˣɫΪѿǸͷǿߣŤĶҪˡ
ȫһĿԼһʱЩͷԣȻ֣ȫ˺ܶ࣬ƮƮͺС⣬ʥӼǿߣһҲû֡
ֵܣ⵽ô£ʵ
ȿȣ˵ЩʥӼǿߣ˴սȫˡҶЩεĿһµ
ʲôȫˣ˭ɵģһæʵ
ҶҪشǱϷʥصǿѾ׵صɱ𣿡
ƨֵôͳɱ֣ףѵȻЩ˼ĿҶ
Ҷﵭĵͷûң
Ҷ𸴣ʹ԰ĵɵøеֵܱº͵ӲһĴ󰡡
磬Сܶ𣬾СɡҶﲻ۰Ͼǣ˼ʥء
ԼһмҵˣԼҲһ밽Ϊѡ
˵ʲôƨֵܣôԹֵۣһսкηһζҶ﷢ŭȴҶӸж
úúãȻʥزˣǾǴĴʥΪˣϷʥصǿɱڵĵ
ΪоΪУǻǣһǿᣬ컭һɨȻ塣
Ϸʥصǿ־ŭȵ֪֪ΪţͬʱĴʥأ𣬲ѣ
ߣʦ̵ңж£趥أʥأûһսսɣ
㡭Ϸʥصǿɫϣû뵽Ȼβ
Ҷˣ͹ԹԽ׵սǸеϷʥصǿв
һȺòȻСҲвҶҪ׵սðɣ뿴׻ʲôҶﲻмһЦ
ϺŸʥӱʵϻѬģõ׵սҶġ
úúãȻִԲͱˡϷʥصǿŭЦ
ݵȫɱݵӣһϷʥصǿʥأҲʼ´
Ⱥе˶ʮĮûдǣϷʥصǿŭǸҲʥغܵƲ𣿡
Ⱥһӣվ˳ҶԶսоеǳ֣Ƕ𱨣޺죿ϰкã
ǸӵĻص˵ǶҶﶼΣʵ޷֡
ãǵţȥʰǡϷʥصǿվͷλʥͷλնɱλʥʥŮǲɡ
׵ս˭ܵõͿ˵ıˣ
ĸܣ˫۸һḬ̃ȻһţӲ˵۾
ͬʱͷҪҶ˳֣Ȼһ߳ƮʥأòμᡱƮƮԽڶеһλǿߵ
λǿߣʱɫһʥŮ£¹صˡϷܴ
žһ졣
ƮƮгһöƣڳʾʥŮ֣һкҳе
λǿߣƮƮȡʥŮɫһ仯һϣ֪ʲô
˵ҳеˡƮƮĻһ䡣
·ƮʥصӵƮȫϷۣ뿪
ȻԸǸƮʥصЩĵؿҶһۣ뿪
˶˷ۣƮƮҶ΢΢˵ͷתۣ뿪
ݵһ뿪ֻݡڤݺǿ߶һۣȻ˳ԶԸݡ
ȻһСٻӰɵҶǰ˵Ҵβһ壬վҶߣ붯־ɣ
Ĵ壬ֻоβһ屣弸˴ˡ
ɫһ䣬оβһ룬е鷳ˣֻҪ׵սһµôˡ
кȻһ˿ֱӶҶҶֱ׵ս
ҶСͬʱһȣԶһɱ˹ȥ


362 ɹ
ס֣
һҶ˾͸оǰһǽ޷ǰֺ
΢΢һһӰ֣ɫ۵꣬һؿˡ
Ҷһֱɲ⣬ֻƾһѹסˣʵڿ¡
ϷʥصλȻûϵ֣Ĺֻսرյʱ򣬴û
в죬ǰ˿ҷϷʥصһߵصΪҵŰ裬ĺʥʥŮ亦
Ӧɹǰ׼һ¹͡
һͼʥȻҪҶ˳֣ǲԵɾͽ
ϷʥĻ򶨶һһĿҶˡ
ȻͻɵһϲСµʱ򣬺ȻСüľȻһͼͷһ
㲩ļʶһۿ˺СѾ˴УԶѪơ
ѹе𾪣ſҶɵһ죬ҶȻֻгΪԶսһ꣬ôʵ˽ܲˡ
ҶϷ˵Ŀʵ΢ЩĴһҶһͷ׷ʵ
Ҷشܼ򵥡
ȻϣҶĻش껹ͷһʵΪҪɱǣ
Ų˳ۡҶﵭĵ
Ҷ仰˲еһ̫ǿˡ
ˣ˰ɣҶɱԣֹϷʥָҶ
ʱŷԽڶɫЩˣ鲻ģǡ
ŷ࣬ٵؽʥѹҶ׷ɱҶȺҶǲҶȰ裬ͷųħȻԼ˵˵һߡ
˵ȻȥʱҶ˫ȭһǿɱ˲˷ԲĿռ䣬궼һеһӷһ޾Թü١
ŷĽ齲꣬һָʥŭ⼸ʥص̳Ķ£Ҷﱯ֮ʣʹɱ֣˵ҶɱӦ𣿡
ϳɾ˵Ҷĳɱ񣬺ŷ˫еʹ˰˳ɡ
ϲһ࣬ʥһһȻɳôĵĹɵóֱ
ɫŭλǿߣвһλʥǿǿˣҪſڴƻƣҶһģȻ˵
ſڴƻƣãһĿڴƻƣѵ˶ſڴƻ𣿡ŷŭЦ
ȫ˸Ժ˵֮ԻţҽģǣǿԸ֤
ŷ仰ȫʱѻȸ˶ĵͷȻ֪ʵȴҴ
Ȼһ˸ҿ֤λһĽ㣬ħʥӶ𱨣޳͵ϮҶ磡
Ǹֻڵĵӣ˫ȫη֮ɫ¸ҵվ˳
ʥصǿߣɫһ䣬ȵŵСӣſڴƻƣͲĸ֮𣿡
ǸӶʱ׵ĴϱϣһȺ߸ϵ˵ƽʱ֪۸ǣħֵʱһ˵ø͹ƵġǸɽԼˣֻЩʥصĶǣܸɳôĹӳ֤ȵĻҪвңӽʽ˳ţҪǱӣҽͻȥһ㡣
Ȼͣ໰ƪļʥصˣɫ࣬޲ϰ
ļΪ񫣬ܣԼһԣתͷ˵
ǾһȺûѵļһ䡢ũ˶֪ͼЩ֮ˣЩж޵ȥˣԼĹûˣҲΪߣޣ
һЩӣ࣬ƫƫֻ˿ڣȻм˿ʼվߺԸ֤
Ǽ˴ͷʱиվһΪΪ߹˭ûеƢһҶ֪ڶǷ׷վʥţƣҰŶˣ
ǺվԽԽ࣬ЩûмħˣҲվ˳ΪǹӺ͸Щ߸ϵˡ
漸һʧأô˵ַʥصǣɫһѿ
ЦһãããЩЩʥغܵⰡȻôˡӵǣȻĽ
ˣҽ͡Ϸʥصæ
ұ족һȣ˹ĤۣλܣǱһɿֲ֣ɫһ԰׺¡
һʱ䳡üΪЩվҶ֤ˣֹͣ
ʲôý͵ģ㵱Ϸ۾ϹˣҶΪûκβ֮ʱʹ˽ҹ
һ䣬պϷǸұЩ֤ߣôʥأ͵ųɣ
֣ͬһ󴸣ݺݵ˵ĿʥصǣǱҵͷۻ
ɹǿʥ֮أҪһͨʥأ͸һ
ǿߣɹǵһôľǣŭˡ
仰˶һ컶ʥسԱޱˬ죬һõǱ
ûɫˣҶһ£
ҶоһֱӳСڣõ׵սǿǵϣֻ޾鷳
۾΢΢һУ꣬Ҷû˵
Ҫƿص»һʱ䣬Ϸϣܽ׵սɹպԦˣʱȡءһµ
Ҷҡҡͷ׵սѾһҲ뿪ҵģ
·֪һ΢΢һЦǺã̸ڶ°ɣҹҪټʥӼǿߣǰǺ
ЩЦõ̾˿ʥʥŮҶ²һһ硣
ǺҶϳһ˿ʥӼǿȥǺʲô
״һ⣬ҪԮͬʱҲǶʥӼǿߵһЩͨɱħȡֿ֡ԶһߣҹģҲǳߣ˵ʥı֮ࡱ
ʥóֱʵ̫ˣҶʥӰӶûء
ôȤμ𣿡
У
û뵽һĮҶȻش˸ɴ࣬΢΢һ㶡ãȥ׼һ°ɣҪˣ
ҿԴҵĻ𣿡Ҷʵ
ܹﵽ벽ûˡһµ
ʥӱɱô࣬ߵֲأȻҶ뷨Ҳǻݻ漴뿪С硣
˳ʱղŵ׵սѾɹܣ


363 
ղŵ׵սѾɹܣ
Ļ䣬ȫһƬȻ˺ܿʹлظʵҲ
Ҷｻ׵սɹǵѡɹܣû˸۸˰ɡ
ʥصǿ¶һ˿ʺΣˮһգʥʥŮȥˡ
΢һ֮󣬼Լ΢Цʱ׹мĵ˵ͷ
λǿߵ󣬸ʥضҪǲʥӼǿߣȥ֧ԮǺǻȥץɣ
һѪʥʥŮɱˣﻹǿ߰
ˡ
ִǣصǣòԻ˶棬Ҳûʲôˣ
һ˶ʱ֮ʥܹɹȫΪǿ󣬻оÿһʱ䣬ӵɹµĸ
Щʥ̣ǶҲǰõģÿɷǱɣᱻȡʸ
һȡʸôɹͿȡǣûɹ֧֣Ǻܿͻ˥ȥ
Ѿô꣬һʧȥɹ֧֣ºܿͻᱻ
˷ģǻԼ취ᵢɹĴ¡˸æ
¶һ˿Ц֪ǻôش𣬻һۣһֱʧǰ
뿪λܣһǴѹ̫ˣҪСġ
Ҷ²꣬ưɡϷʥصǿߣؿҶһ仰ﳤȥ
ҲһԹĿҶһۣ׷ȥ
Ҷǵвһ㶼ûϣΪǵˣѾľˡ
ŰʥصķۣʥصĴϣҶһ´ĴָʹǿߣҲɵöҶ
ҶæһʶɨϵˣĸĶ飬֮ϣɼԶսĲҡ
Щŵˣһ˷ܵ飬ȻԶսϣõĺô
ȻҶɫ΢΢һ䣬ʥشʵôûŵˣ
ҶұȺһŵ˶ûݺԼͻˣҶԲŹ
Ǹճ뿪ˣδ棬ôʥشʵ
½ѩսϵ飬͸¶һЩҡͷˣѾˣ
ȻЩʹ죬ȻѾˣðɣҶͲܶһӡ
ȫ룬ֱ˷ۣڻصݡ
Ҷｫиҹ꺮ʥأŷǻڤԺȥټ֡
ɽڵصӴһкȻţԼʱͻǰ
źһкҶȥһҶȣҶѾȥȿգС綼Ѿرˡ
Ȼ׼һȻʧȻ뿪ܴĸҲߣȻоԼܹ¶
κҶһֱ٤ȥȻصµݸһš
ҶＱæżҶдã˵ҶЭѾȫǺҶﲻصġ
ȻдĲ࣬м䶼͸¶޾˼Ҷиеһů
±ߣиĸ֣Ҷ诺ҶǣҶһж
ԼںηôǣԼص¸ʰһ黳ֱݼʴȥ
һҶأҶʱûϳ
ΪҶڷ裬緢ȴ׷ѩüǹɰôҲ޷Ρ
Ҷﵽ󣬿ŮԽҶ˽ʼҶͷʱҶֻ
Ůʱ£δԶսϣҵ˿ԾȻĶھ͹ȥɣ
Ϣʱһð˫ĿĶҶһݡĶˣĴԶ
ҶæŮʱ£ҪˣǻȼҪ
ȺȻӻȡһƬҶڴشһ£һĲɢ
Ƭ̺󿨴ȲСĽöҶպãҶȥ
ҶʱǰѾˣҶﵽ׷£ڵء
ҶһȽ͵ǵĹݣ˵Ķľ⡱˵ԼȻҲҶ£
ҶһʱЩסܲϰķʽõҲվгΡ
ߵߣήĸҶӵѾѾʮ֮һ
ȡһͰɳɳһ֣Ũɢ
˷һǶΪУһӸܵǸɳ档
Щɳһ棬ͬˮһ㣬գͬʱЩ֦⣬ȻʼۿɼĻָҶҲʼ
龰Ůһ׷ϲоˣҲͿˡ
ҶһͰͰؽɳϣʼɢŲȻȫָˡ
ҵѾָˣлĿ벻ҪʹⱦɳˡҶԺд
ҶָɳϢ׳֪ɳżİ
޷ЩɳûʲôãȫյɡҶﲻܾĻᣬֱӽʣµɳȫȡֱӵڵϡ
ʮͲɳע룬񣬾ȻʼïܵھȻ﷽Բ
䣡
һǿĲ޾Ϣɢڳ֮ˣͬϴһ㡣
ǿƴ˷ǧ۷ǿߣֱͻƵ
۷ǿߣȻͻƵ˰벽һʱϲ
Ҷ𶯣Ȼͻˡ

һ֦⣬ڿлһķţǸһ֣ڣˣȫ򵹣˫ַء
ǶˣʮߴģֻҪ岻
һׯϵ԰񣬾ȻԣԽͣǸŻƮҶûҶԺС
ҶȻָоԼһǰ֮˾ͽ
ȻˣԼԼʲô˶ķԼ
һʵ̫ˣҶж
ʵǲҶҡҡͷ
ˣҴϸܵǰδеΣһսɣǵһǿߺһγξðĺƽ¡˳羴
ҶЦһ£̫߿ԼˣܹЩȡ


364 ɱ
֮ǰ͵ĳȡҪΪע飡
ҶｫѪɫȡǰѹƮһֻ֦⣬ڳϡ
һ򳤹ע롣
֮ǰҽʱʵȻĲʥȴܷʥɳͻʥߵڿԽɳһʥˣ
ĻҶﲻͷȻͻƵʥ߾
ԭ񾭹ʱĳɳӦóɳʥ߾ˣʱڤʴвŵ
ҶṩĲȪ±ߵɳõ˼ֱͻʥ߾ԺҲڤʴˡ
ΪͼڣͻƣֱӰ쵽ˣŻз׷ͻƵ
סöѪɫʼ鶯ȻĲһ˿ǣ·Լ
һʱҶųоĻȻԻأ
ֵذһ³Ľ
ȻѾʥߣҲóսʱһŬսΪϣԺܹ
Ҷһѵʲô
飬ƺֻᣬԴǿ߶֮Ϊɻ䣬ǵҲǼΪޡ
ѾȫָҲڿʼҶﲻɷں󣬾뿪塣
ԭɷ羭Ҷܺ󣬼˿ȣʼݳǾסҶµǮƣʼģչˮÿ£͹ȥ
£ͲðԼѰʳɷڣҲΪʳˡ
ݳڲ۵һСԺУҶɷѾԻɷѾͻƵ˰벽ľ硣
ҶһͷףʵɷһҶｲ˳Ȼһкɷ粻Ȼ̾Ϣ
˵ȻôƣҲ˵ֻһ£ǺȾƣͣĺȾơ
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Ҷȴʼ޷Լ¸֪䣬Ŀᣬ뿪ɷ紦
Ҷصݣֱɽڶȥ
ҶɽڵɽǰȴԶĲŵΧɽɽš
ҶҲѾǿߣﵽ߶ȣڿռһĸ򣬿Խ֮С
ҶﳤӰ٣ڿռ⣬ԶˣϢĽԼǰ
ĲɽڵɽΧס˫֣ضŶԷ
ɽڵʲô˼ɽڣһλߣһŭĺȵ
ɽڵ棬Ҷﵽʱڵ£ʼδ¶档
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ڵڣΪ죬ĸ֮һ
ҲݵĳֱǸҶżڵȭšȺͰƷ塣
ĸȻһӽɽڣʹɽڣͬȼĸҲȻɫ
ߣɽڣϷͿûǸ͡ХЦ
ֻڣһûտϹͷļ֣ɽݳǱȻ֮¡ߵ
һλȭŵصͷҪǣҪ־ɽڵŮҶɣǲֻˣ
һȺҶǽԸǣֻҶ޾׷ɱȻɫ΢΢һ䣬˲ˡ
ۣԭҶ׷ɱǣȻǲ»ɱҶɹʥضǲãȻǺúݵļı
ХƱϾ£һӿǵıơ
ΪʥزֽԹҶΪɽڸĹбɱôʥҲûһվסŵɲ֡
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֪ȻңΪԼ𣬾Ի񸴳
Ǹʱͻ˾Ĳõ֮УôҶﱻɱǼţҲ˵һʥҲû취ô
Х벻㻹ûϺͿȻ֪Щô;㲻ˡƷĵ
ΪƾЩèèܹ˵ɽһë𣿡һĴǲм
Ǹ·Ե޾Ϣڳ˶˸ս
˭ĸϷȵλŭȵ
ǵΪȻûвǸԴ޷жķλ

һӰںȵλǰǸŭһһȭǸӰ
ǸӰȻһŤܿһȭһ죬磬˲ס˺ȵλĲӡ
ī׷ѩ˫Ŀ֮תֹ죬ɢſֲɱ
Ҷ
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һЩŮӣӣڣˮѾ
ҶһͽΪס޲ҶȻȴ˵лҪ£޲׷׺ˡ
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Ҷƽȴǳ䣬Ǹȵλ棬˫Ŀ־ĹâԴӵû뵽һ֮֡
꣡
һ죬ҶĲӣͬʱҲǻ٣һŽ
ȵλ澪ʧȥʣһܣͬһֻһ㣬ˡ
žણ
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ϧǶˣʥζͬ޵УʹǳҲҪһǿĶ࣬ϧûʶ
ʶˣѾˣҶҲɱħŹǵġ
˵ǲϷʥصˣģҶ︺ֶ׷裬ħ˵
˵ͷ뿪ΣǸȭŵЩѵʱѾʲôˣֻϣܹס
ҶǸһĨ뿪¶ʵػԼˡ
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365 
ס±ӲҪΪҶĵˡҶһһȭӳֱӽǰ֡
һȭ֮ǵأˣ޿ɱܣҶһȭ֮޵־
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ڶһ磬˵Ķ鼯ϣҶĴƼʼ


366 齨
ʥרΪҶֳһƬռ䣬һԲǧĿռ䡣
񼯺𡢾ڤɽپӢӣվһ
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һݡѪڵ֣еĲ񻰡
Ҷҹ꺮ѩ˳ʱٵг˿ȡ
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ڼŷǺͷһֱҶڶŮ£Ҷ鿪ʼתżҲḡһ˿Цݡ
ҶĻת䣬ôҶһԭʻõҶһӱóĬԣͷѹһʯ
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ЩҶ뿪ʥأֱ۹ȥ


367 仯
۹۶ڣˮַǷҶڵ۶ĴʱЩΪԼߴطˡ
ĵ۶֮ǰ˽ʮݺᣬ֯
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ҶԴӳȻ뿪Ը࣬ҶҪΪӰ쵽ģᵢС
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˵䣬̨½˸·ӢսҲԽԽʣϯϲʱһ
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ȻһȻݺһƽϳǰ̣


368 ֻ
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ǸӼҶһƽĿ壬ɵһιι˵С۹ǲⰡһŮһ㶼˷ܣ
Ҷһʱ䲻֪ôشҵҲҪܣܵҲ̫˰ɡ
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һЩԭΪܵ㹻ԶĹսĵǣܵĻᶼûУֱӱ˳

̫鸶һЪ˹صϷʥصĻҵǳ׸ˣųϣڸǼǧʱҲָԪ
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ȻͬΪʥأǱĹĶǳе£ֻΪҶͬˣŶݽ˶ѡ
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ʥѾˣҲûʲô˼ˣһһֻڲֵĿֲϢ
̫ͬһҰޣҪҶ˺ֶҶץ


372 ʥϷ
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ΪһʥҶСҲŻȫᡣ
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ܵǹɾѪǣϷ΢΢һ𣬳һĪ̫һѪ˲ɱԭΪǿ׳˲䱻˸ɡ
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ϧˣǲһҶԺڻҪҳˣ
ѵľûбİ취𣿡ҶЩĵĵΪ֪һͻٴ˯򲻵ѣ붯á
û취ˣڵ󰵽ͲһͿԲǸʱʹóĻҲͦһȴУʼ壬̻ᱬҲһͿԻָһϧһжҪˡЩϧĵ
ΪҶ˵ָ˵һͿ뿪ҶʶԱ磬ʱ˿ٻָڡ
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̫һǰϷ壬һɿֲײ


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ǰѶϽУռ俪ʼòȶ·ʱѡ
Ϸ幥ҶϽһӣûκֻǺһ
ǣ
ռͬһ鶹һչһɹâϯջɢſֲѹϷ壬âһ̱ۣϷߵĽ̫黹ûȷӦͱѹһƬޡ
һӹѣС綼һпնʱͿռϵǰһжޡ
ҶǰһƬڶЩǿߣûаͱڶɡ
ڶӣһž޴ͣͣ硣
ߣҪˡһ˿ѵ
ҶæˣĺڶһֱҶ
ʱ䲻ˣһһǰռڵ㴦һ϶ͳӽԺһ˯Ժ㶼ҪԼһˣϣӰ߳Ϊ㻹кܶҪûʱȥˡץʵûҵѹȣٳɳʱ䲻࣬Ŭˣ
˵껰ҶʱʲôˣһɿֲĲҶ塣
䣡
죬ҶΪȻһӴһ죬һ졣
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ȻҶеľһһâǰռʱһ󶴡
죬ȥ
Ҷϸ룬һͷǸ󶴣ȻǰһҶȻ硣
ΧĻҶϳϷʥĴ
Ҷæصʶڣ־ڣԵ޹⣬ҶôŬҲ޷;ȡðϵ
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ߣݣϧô磬Ҳı䲻࣬һɢɳʵǸӲм
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ΪħСû壬ֻܷ깥ڵ̫С
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κκչͻƿʥ߾ոճؾСµĺϢʱϲ
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ٽǡԺͰ׻һܣͬʱǰϷʥأѲ³ǱȻżı
κǰϷʥأ汻¶ˣϷʥؾǷһԸҶı
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ĺκİѪУǾβؼУΪֲһС
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ħʥߣȻͷǱϱһĨʱѣɫѪڹǱϡ
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ʥطΧԲǧﶼһƬģûܾӣ֪жҪನ֮С
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˿ںСֻһָͷϸĿȴöħʥ߷˺ѷΰĲҽС
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ͬʱҶаϧΪԼԴ߶Ѫɫʱɱöħʥ߾һĶҲҪһ

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ҶĨĨ۽ǵˮ˫Ŀɱ硰ѪծҪѪھʹ忪ʼ
˵ЩҶκʧֱȥ


376 
ɽλݺݽ磬Բû̡
˵һٳСЩһҹ֮ʧ
˻ǱһɱΪû֤ݣһּΪǿᣬʶ֮
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ٺһЦǼ绰ᣬﵽµ֣˧һ
ѽָֻǰһûСŷûָһҶĶͷ
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ҶЦеգŷ̽ŵʲôϷ˵
ҶٺһЦ鼫ΪϷи֣ʶˣҰѹˡһʶ˵Ϸöûˣַ֪ûУɣͿʼ
ҶĴֶ˶ʱŵʧУ׷ӿ
Ц֮ʣ˵иСߵˣҶ
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ʥظҶﰲŵһԺ֮УСߵһ˼Ҷ
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Ҷѡٸսʿпһ㣬֮ļΪǿңҲҶصĵط
νţһЩԴѻģҶģԼԴǶѳһƬš
Сߵ˲һƬ֮УҶҪôСߵˣҶôһ˵ʱֱð
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ʲôô֪Ҷǰֹ𣿡
˵һ׳˶ӰſڣŻƲüһϡ
Ƕ˼һ֣æųϣСҶǰͷԵģһͲǺöǽסȻӲ
ҶһƽһáͷԡԼŮҶƵı飬ղŵŭһɨ⣬ڴЦ
ǸΪųϵӣŴҶˣȻϸһĨ𾪡
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֪ŷȰԼҶЩصŷŮؽȻС
ҶղŻһп̬֮תۼɫԵĶԼǰᵽġؽ󡱣ŷǶʱͨ죬߬ȭҶȥ
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ҶͷһҶ֮н죬ȫǿҶġ
ϺȻɫһӽ쿪ʼҶ˶ʵ㣬˭ҪǸ飬ҷã飡

뿪ҶҺҶŮĴ棬аˣ
˶ޱȵĻУʱ䣬˵ʵ̫ѵˡ
侭ʱϧ˵ʵ̫ݳˡ
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ҶҲʼ˱չأչصĵطǾڣ硣
ʥǧĵطҵһ̵ĵطʼС
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䣡
Ҷ֮ʱ򣬿񱩵׵ϯ˷Բ
һ糤һӿҶڣ֮ӿ˲䣬ҶʱԼ챬ˡ
æٻͭսǿסǹɿֲԼûΣպҶ￪ʼ֮
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֮ĲҶڲϵͬʱҶƤϲʱһЩɫʡ
Ƕڵʣ屻֮ϵĴԽԽȻֱȴǿȡ
յԽԽ࣬ҶΧҲԽԽʵԶԶȥҶһɵηš

Ҷﳣһƣ״̬˳
֮Ҫͣ󰵽ӳ֣ЩԲ
󰵽һ󻧣սĻԪĵ̫죬ֻһһҹҶԪĿˣòͣϢ
ҶָԪʱ䣬ҶһͭȡСкöأ¸ˡ
Ժ齭ͻսʬȡȥƤϴɾֱӽп
ʱҶҲûţһ⣬һߴ߶ʼ齣
һѭγɣ顢ָ齣һҲš
ºؼһ죬ҶһХ
ڳɹˣ


382 
ڳɹˣ
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ԲɵֱʣԲڵƶ䣬֮ܵǣͬ˹һ㣬׷
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ûдϷɵ԰ڣֱӸƻϷһƻ۷⣬ظ֤һˣȫڳ
ҶͷСȻȤ飬ǼΪ׵ġ
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383 ԭѩ
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387 ȫ
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Щίĵͷһ˵鴥˵ңҶﶼһ
Ҷǰɣ¶ҳ軵ˣⰡʹе֪Ҷ֡
ҶЩ⣬ҶղŲֵסµȻ֮¼Ӵһ˲䣬ٰܹ⾳
˲֪µĵϸΪµʦ֪µĿֲ
֮мûܹȻ֮ղ¸ڸҶӴһ˲䣬ʩչ⾳ҶȻܹѸٷӦʵڴԤ֮⡣
ǰˣСӳզܶҪ鷳ʦأ⡱Ҷæ
ûȹ˵һЦ֪ǸˣİɣԺҪ۸㣬Ͱʰ
ҶĿɿڴĿλ欣ֱǰٱħŮȷ黹졣
ҡҡͷѾͷ軵ˣѾܲס˸ɴùܣǰǺ˵֧Ԯ˵һǽ󣬻䵽սݵ㣬ʱҪնɱħ޶һ֡Խ࣬ҲԽ󣬲ǰҪ֤ǻܻţΪǽԵǿߣ
ǿߣҶﰽ⣬˶ɫ䣬ǲŰ벽ⲻҪȥ
Ҳûô⣬ڽǺʱǻһαѧϰʱ䣬ǿܵǰδеŵĻҪϧÿһ죡
̵ˣýҶѾˣǺԺȻ˴ǣ׼һ¾ͳɣ
˵껰ʧǰߺ󣬲ͳʥصʥʥŮһƬҵǸоԼƭˣֱһ·
Ҷȴﰵ˷ܣΪϾͿԼˣںǡ
ʦ㣬СӣΪӼսɱ˶ԷԶöԷˡ°жҶﴫ
Ҷмĵ˵ͷϢû뵽˸ע⣬Բ
ʰϣȡһܷۣ﷫ˡ


391 Ǻ
ʥ½飬ֶϡ򣬶Ǻλ
ҶҪϵǺҪᴩ½дĵطͳûĵطֻó˷ǰС
һ·Ϸ羰ޣҶȫû˵Ժȣңڡ
Ҷǣ¾Ȼһ֮ǰ񣬱üΪľڷڣ˵
ʹʥ˵ҲֻǵӦ䣬ͿʼĿ
ֻҶеʱˣ˯ʱ˭Ҳû֣ϲ֪ʲôʱմȾۡ
ǰһ£ڵĿĵءǺ
Ҷ벻ǣȻһƬãĴ󺣣ޱ޼ʡ
ڴ󺣵Ϸ෽ԲǧԲﲻȵԲҶϸһžȵķ֣ЩԲһſǳγɵġ
ЩԼ۾ЩԲһֻϱ߶һƬţֻٲϱסߡ
ҶǣΪԣ֮ڵ֣֮ȻʼûԾ
Ȼ˵ûдǺȻ޵ãУ°빦Ϸ˷ֱܵС
ʻŷһ·ǰУһ޴Ĵǰʮסǵȥ·
ǽȡɹƣЩӶʱؽ봫
봫Ҷ﷢ǲûСǧ磬ߣֻνһμΪңԶĴ͡
ǳһ޴ĵϣ͵ǺĵشˣҶһ󼤶
ôҪСˣͻˣߵҶߣһ˿΢Ц
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣漴ף϶ϷûڲٵļһֳԼ
ʵʵص˵ͷҺ
˸߳һλǺĵǰλǰ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǸԼҪö࣬ΪֻڣȻԼ˽ǰ
нʵΪ𣬶ǰʵȼƺģλʥһȻı֪ˡ
ǰмҶ﷢ǺӣȻȫޣһ
˵£˽һĴڣֻǺٵˣΪѾмʮͬ͵˵
Ҷճ֣ͱһͬһĿⶢס˳Ŀ⿴ȥһ˫̺żȷŭ
˫۾һλŮӣ֮ǰҶйԹСΣԭѩʥŮ
СεĿ⣬˵Ŀ⣬ŮҶߵϡ
û취µÿһ缡ÿһ˿͸¶УС
⣬˶ˣҶ΢΢Щ⣬뻹һȫȫĿԼҲȫӡ
Ȼϰֳ棬һŮӣޱԹĿ⿴ҶЩֵʵϵܲ𣿡
˵ʱүүĶߣ㴫ҶаŮŮʱ޿޿ײ롣
΢һεصҽˣ˵ǵĹϵ𣿡
㣬СΡһѵ
ŶĿ΢΢һǰСζʱӦ¿һۣȻɫһ
Ƭ̺ɫһƬ԰ף£ߵӣǲŻعڿһӡ

ԭʼСΣγѣɫΪѿŭȻҰң
㣿ԸͲҪֻ㣬Ҫ̫ûô
Ǹһ˿Сεǰɹʱڱչأصʱ򣬲֪ʱһС
ȻʦںЩΪɹϯӣǴŮˣȻҪһѵ
СҪΣҪһŮܡСһòףǣɵʼɣӵĲ
Ҳ΢΢һЦͷһ֣СμߵҲһӣʱŭʦ֣ô۸
ǸСγƺΪʦֵӣʱŷӦûж£ǳҶصСӣս㣬նͷ­
ȻǸΪѾڣҶôȺɨһȦûзǸϤӰɵһʧ
СγƺΪʦֵΪ룬Ǳԭѩʥӣ磬ҶȻûԼɵŭڡ
𣿱ڸ˵أŭ
ɫһ䣬׷սֻҪҶ̬ȥ顣
ҶﱾûӰЩʧ䣬һȻüͷʱдŭ
Ĺͷ㳤ǸҲ죬˲𣿡
볤಻ӢΪʱҵЩƽ
ټһŴ죬Ҷû֮ǰҶû⣬Ҷ֮󣬺Ȼĸ
¶ʱڴЦϷǹЦΪϴ׳ơ
Ҷһ仰ʹ˺ʹɫһҶ
ʱеˣ׷װһɱ⣬Ȼ׼ﶯ֡
ע⵽ҶֻΪɵöһҪ֪ɶǸصʥӼǿߣѵҲʥ
Ҳʥӣôʥصǵʲô̶Ȱ
ո߳ȻһǿҵĲڶ˶еһ
Ҷоֱ죬µֶΣȻʹõ깥
ѹܸоޱȿֲȴ֪Ҷ⣬һ깥
µ깥ǿڵ깥ͬҪԼһꡣ
˵֮ƿأѾﵽ˼Ϊľ磬һȣڵĻ꼼ֱֵһᡣ
»ǻȥɣﲻҰĵط¿ź뵭ĵ
˶ˣضǿֻڴ˵֮Уʷֻô
û뵽ȻһĻ޴ˣͷ
ʱֵɢĿֲѹɫһѿһޱҶ󣬺Ȼһҧǰһ巢⣬ȻɢĻѹˡ
񣿡
΢Щĵǰһ񱻼ǼΪϡе
Ǵ˵еϣѹһаȵ󣬿갲ڸ򣬳ƿʱ򣬲Ϊħţɹʴ
һĹܾǿԸ깥ȻΧ󣬵ǽԼ㹻ˡ
ͼΪϡУѰǡɺӵһ飬㱩¶ģҶＤŭ𣬲ϧ¶Ĵڡ
ԼĻԺЧ²˷ѻֱӽջأصһ񣬲ԶԿңȰ㻹ǻȥɣ
仰ȫͷһĵŮӺôĿѵôǿʵ
һûлش𣬼Ҷȥ΢΢һüȻҶ˳źٸǰһѪ岽


392 
ٸǰһѪ岽
һǺȴ˽ðΪԼˡ
ǰ³֣úֹѾ𾪲ˡ
ҶȻֱ˵һʥ֮صʥѪ岽ֱǿЦ
ҿЦˣȻֻΪѣ絽ôˣҶӲá
ڳУֻϷɺѩһ˷ܵĿҶþûҶˣжڴҶֶΡ
¿ųҶĲͨǿĻܹظ֪ҶǷģѵаջɱһʥӣ
ʱҶûгְɱ˫ֻǵĿź룬Ǻȴһľս
Ϊֻܹܵƽ֮еɱ⣬ֻҪԽ׳ذ벽ͻ⵽ɱ¾
ҶǷûай¶˶ܲǺȴͣ˽ŲѾоֻҪڽһͻܵҶһֱһݡ
ȫʱѻȸû뵽Ϊʥ֮صʥӣıҶһƽĻסˡ
˶һ°ͣ˭ܸһжΪʲôҲ̫˰ɡ
ǲ֪ǣҶںǾ仰ʱ򣬸־̤벽ȻеҶĹ
ǿţҲѹˣǸԷһźţԼѡ
ΪʥӼǿߣڵĴܣûһʡ͵ĵƣһЩΣ
ΪظܵҶѶţͣ˽ŲΪܹҶϸܼвĿ֮ˣ飿
ʥʥŮǣһЩԵĿСθŭʦ֣ԥʲôϿɱǸСӣ
һ֪޷ˣȻ˫һ䣬Ҫһ
Ҷ˫ȭһƽҪ׼֡
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ֻŮ͸ϣĮ硣
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ԭҶůе磬ʱɫһƬҰףĿ֮б
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ʲôҶһʱЩԣǸΪʲôôŭΪʲôҪԼǸ
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ҧ񴽣ʹر۾Ҷ磬ĶԲ𣡡
˵仰뿪ҶĻӣڣŶ
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ҶһʱȥæҪ׷ȥҪʸŸԼ÷ġ
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Ҷո׷ǸӢסҶȥ·гֱָҶ
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Ҷ˶΢΢˼ȻûϵҶȻסԼһ
ҶﵲǸӵһȭͷϾȻһӣѪ
Ǻ
ѩȫ˱Ʊʱ׼ս
ʮˣ˼ʹ׷׽ӡٻ齣һʱ˫š
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ҲǺòҪңȥ׷ҵѡҶص
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ٺ٣÷ҲԼʲôУΪʲôʸʥŮָֻšɽһʥӼǿߣ¶мȻǸɽá
СС;δ˥׷ͷƵãȻҲ⣬˶ġһʥӼǿߣ͸Ӷ񶾣ֱӽҶ˰̡
ȻһɿֲĲǸﵽڵʥǿߣȻһҽУͷڵϴ
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ʬɽѪ֮УĶԩ޿ɵֻЩԩ꽫Լһһ˺ѡ
ⲻξһ깥Ȼ꣬޷ʹࡣ
ʹΪܣɱĥشͷȻ
ǻֶΰԭղų֣ûȫѹȰֹû˵󻰡
ס֡Ǹ߼ʹ˻꼼һһ
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ΪɹΪ۰ĴӣȻƽʱԣʾûƢ
վûһܹԼˣҶƫƫˡ
¶ǿҵĺģʱ·ϣҶȵʱķҶļ䡣
ǣ䶼ǶѵģӲϣһЩ滹Ǳ׽ˣойڳȻġ
ҶеĳȻʱڱȻľ۷ͬʱҲҶ򶯣Ҷƽ£ôʹʱŻڴĬĬᡣ
ѹҶԼôܣΪԼ˵̫ˣֿ̹ĵʹһξ
ͨҶļ䣬֪ȫУ飬ֻܹܹҶ顣
ǸӳҶİ׷ʱںŭˣУҶİ׷Ƕһβеļ֤İ׷˵£һּ¡
ߣȻǲʶ̧٣Ϸ򲻿ˡ̫һŭȣгһѳն䡣


393 ŭ
ߣȻǲʶ̧٣Ϸ򲻿ˣ
̫һŭȣгһѳն䡣
û뵽ߣȻ᲻ݣԼ֣æˡ
ۣ
̫ϵһնڿմһ赲µĻ
Ǹڵϴʥӣʱͣ˺Уɫ԰׵վ˫ĿЩʧҿһۡ
һݣʥӵıᣬӴıһ޷ͻˣʥǷˡ
СŮޣ˶񶾡̫һ࿴ſ£Щ˶ǺǴ
иϿ죬˺޲ԶҶɵ˺Ҷϵ˺ȵģ֮˵µĵ
ο֧ԮǺܵɵָʾûʸָֻţ
ɵʥ½䣬ÿش٣ɵͷԿʥ½ϵĵλ
ζڶʥɵģʱǺ
˵Ǻֻǳа췽ֻҪṩһؾˣûʸ˵Щʲô
Ȼʵˣµ˵Ǹ̫ϻġ
ȷʵô£Ҳ޻˵ֻܰŭȴнº˸
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ң
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䣡
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ͬʱһźݺ߳ɽСɽû뵽Ѿ˵ҶȻһ
飡
ɽɳȥײ˴һʯǸʯʱײۣ˰ߣǷ׷׶ϱߵм
ҶﾪǣɽҶһ֮󣬾ȻûʲôϣϰգɫĶҶ
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÷ҶĴĵ֪һͬʱҲ֪Ҷ֡
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ѩ˲ɵߣҶȴ©һЦݣǸЦݿëȻ
ˣϴķŭѾＫޣҪˡϷѩϤҶķ񣬲г
ȻҶЦ֮һ䣬֣ͫһɿֲɱڶɱ䡣
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Ҷﶯŭ̫ǸһĨıóѵЦݣߵҶҶʥŮ֮ģǶʥɱϿ־ܣ
۾һУһϲģҶ괫Ҷͣ£һ壬⼤ŭΪ֣һ֣ɱ㣬Ҳվסŵˣ
Ҷ·ûĴһ㣬ϵڻ
ȻһٻӰҶǰƮƮҶҸղŸһңһޱ֮࣬Ҳ˵ջǻһģҪ³ç
ԭ̼ЩҶȻƮƮĻʵ˵ģûƭң
ģСÿԱ֤ƮƮҶ۾
ҶԴƮƮпһƬ̹ϣʱƮƮҶﳨ飬ԿԼһУһ־ԵΡ
мضƮƮлˣ֪ô˵ˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦϵƣصߣ˶һ
һ˶ϧϧ̫ϺɽҶӹһ٣ͬʱҲƮƮµŮ˺޸
Ҫʶ壬ʱ񣬷´ξûˡ̫ϼΪʱ򻹲̼һҶ
Ϲֻ˵Ҷֳȭȭϣָ죬̫ϺݺݵرȻһ¡
Ȼ֪Ҷʲô˼ܿںϹ֪ǸƾԲʲôò
̫һʱڣɻʱ䣬ֻҪҪһЩأû˻ΪǣＯϣɵʹ߻ǰ䲼򣡡
˵ء⿴ҶһۣҶӦģǸָͦ
̫ɫ뿪ˣɽ΢۲һ£ߵȺ֮Уź˵λǺСλĴߣһǺ飡
Щ˶ʱ׷״ӦһύɽһҲҶﻮޣϾҶͬʱǺͱԭѩ
ҶѿǣʥغͳʥصʥʥŮȻǰȥݻɽȻȥȥˡ
µɫһ䣬ͬΪûʲôȴȻǶЩСȴö򶪾档
֪·ϾӦһǣʡĶۡѩ޺޵ص
ûʲô⼸һȥ󣬿ϴĺܶϸҪ¶ˡϷɵĻôɫ΢΢һ䣬ɲʲô¡
ϾǺĵϣҶ鱨Ҷ˵һǡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦûа·ϣǻģ㲻˵ġ
ƮƮĻѹԼҪ֪֪࣬Ϊʲôɽһ
ףҶľһʹ絶һ㡣
ɽ뿪ֻʣǼˡ߰ɣҴȥҵļˣ


394 عҶ
˴Ҷﾭһ֪ҶפǺϲһֻмʮ·̡
ҶֻԲǧһƬӪʣһЩҶ֮ˣ
ЩפǺȣһƬƽ
ҶΪǣԭҶǧ˿ڣ
Ҷոճ֣ͱһɫŮӣȥ·ʲôˣҶغ£
ǸŮӣҶ΢΢һЦҶС࣬ڳһǷǮһӭң
ŮǵҶȵҶС࣬ҶͬڣҶСѾڵǿˡ
ϸһҶҶСһȭҶϣ˷ܵصСӣˣ
ҶһůֻԼļ˲ŻԼǶ
С࣬ôˣһŹ˵ġҶЦ
ˣȲ˵Щĵ£Ҵȥ㸸ĸȥɡ˵ͷǰ·
·Ҷｫ¡ǵ˽ܸҶС࣬ͬʱǣҶСԼˡ
ҶСֵشҶļһĽص˵СΪô椵ıԽԽˣδôϱǧѩӿҪֵĺϲ£ˣ
ҶСĻŮһΣµЦʮִ󷽣һ㶼Ρ
Ҷ֪ҶСϷһûģϽС࣬ôҶ˿ôôࣿ
ҶʵҶСɫһ䣬ҧ»үүɣ
ҶСҧгݵҶȻһֲĸоһ֪ܻȻܹŲ˵²ʲô¡
ȻǰһӪʣʮɣһ㽨ûʲôȴ
ӪʺҶȻһüҶǧѩӪ֮æµеĻƣ˫Ŀ֮ûн࣬ЩĲɡ
ȻӪ֮˽̧ͷһеĹ߶ʱڵϡ
ҶǧѩЩŵĿҶˮ˫ֲҶ
Тӻˣ
ĸҶһҲ̲סͨһڵء
ҶǧѩǲŸǶӻˣһѽҶ§ڻޡ
úӣޣͺãˣ
˵ҶﲻޣԼȴѾˮʪǰĸӶ˱ͷʹޣͷһᡣ
ҶǸصĺӣ屡Ӣۣ˭֪ٿ
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Ľϵˮȥֻ˽ҶܣҲֻ˽һЩҶе
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ҶǳҶ诶ŶԷ˫֣ϲ˵ǣͬʱҲҲ˽ҶȻܹһʥӽ֣Ǻεȵҫ
찡Ǹͷ˭ͣȻʥӲƴôʱ䲻ܣ
µǣȻֻΪѵ߻ħˣ˻þ
ߣǶʲôʥӴֻѣʥӴڵΪһоܽСһʥӵĳ߲мĵ
˼һ֮Уһǰһ̡
һλͷڣ߿̣΢΢һµû뵽һӣøӸˣ
ǺǣԪִգһССӣδطϰɡһ߳üѩ΢Ц
߳ΪԪĽҡͷ޺ִԲӣСҲ֮УǴգһЩӣǻִıֻǲ֪Ǻǻˣ
Ԫƺ޺۵ߣǺˡˮ޺ۣĽΪԪɵʹߣҲʥӿ˵ļʹ
ԪִӦԣ
ǾɣѾ˾ŴΣŴζ԰ܱճԽԽңӦ֮ԽԽ࣬ȴٳٲ֣ʵ˵ǰԪʹ̾˿
ʵԪִֹˣ˵ʥ½ѾҵŬҲͽͣδôȻнҵȻӦ˳Ȼĺáˮ޺΢Ц
˵ˣСȴǸµǧ꣬ûҵʼղ̤ʵ
Ԫʹ΢΢վΣЦ˽ľң²ʲôˣ翴֣һУ˭ӣ
˵껰Ϣĳ磬ֻˣ˭ûע⵽


398 򽣹
䣡
飡
Ӱڿײֲ𺳲񷣬ҫ
սǺǺĵˣʿ˵м壬Ҳˡ
̧ͷʥӼսһŵĶԾͷѡ
ҶҶǧѩ֣嶼סĲǰ죬ӣǵĶӣС
һֱҶ򸾶ˣҶҶһʧȥĸ׵Ĺذʱ޷ܾۣ鳢ᡣ
ҶӲƾǿһһǿһ·նɱ
ȻҶ˵ЩҲߣôã·ա
ֻҶеĿ࣬ߣڱǰԶǸأ޾ȫеӡ
ΪҶ︸ĸǿģֻܹᣬ֪䣬˵۾ʪˡ
ʱ·ʥǿ߶ˣ۾ϵ
ϷɺѩһĿҶӰֿϴˣҸоԼѪҪˣ
ǰǴ磬޵УҲΪҲﵽһֶֻɽҶսƽ֣ЩޣӡдԶǺɨµġ
УϴҪǸͬȾ磬Ըó֣ŸƨϷɷ
˵ΣԶԶشʱ˵ע⣬һЩǺĵӣ׷׶ϷŭĿӡ
ϷһмĿǣǺ˲ҲǲʵʥӼǿߣ˵еˡ
߰һܵĿţ벻Լֵܣ֪䣬Ѿﵽôֲľء
ĹʱᵽҶĿֲΪʲôҶﱻΪʥսߡ
ֻ˶ûз֣ԶͤУһŮַˮĿ飬ˮʪǰ
һİңܰίǵ
ĿеҶ𽥱ʱԼǰǸӰ
Ҷŭգҧгݵ飬һģһȻòıˣǿôִţһʱ˼Ʈ˶ʱĻ档
ǸʱҶ򲻹ˣǱıףˣҲҪסԼԼܵһ˺
Ҷ硱סӣˮٴ̲סӿӿ
ʱҶɽսһʱ䣬˶ҶչֳĿֲսˡ
жһʺãΪ
ʱʥҲһصĿϱߵսʱϷʥغͲʥصʥʥŮ໥һۡ
г˿־壬ԭΪǺɽǵʵȥԸҶ
ҶչֵʵͷƤ飬еô׵Ҷˡ
Ϊ죬ǽҶڶеһУȫȫظɽˣ׵ĳûκλˡ
Ĵ֮Уˮ޺ۺԪʹµĿߵս
Ԫʹ΢ЦСȻӵȼݣܹԽսսΪǿ
ˮ޺۵ȷʵǸţ궼δܳһԪ֣ɵϤ࣬ؾԿڴдʣ
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ԪʹЦܼ򵥣ȥѹһ˳Ȼˣ
ţһʵڿϧˮ޺Щ̾Ϣ
֮Խ˭Ҳ֪Ǻûǻ˳Ȼɣ
䣡
һݺݵضײǹ齣ײĻ𻨣ʹ˵˫ۡ
һ󣬶ɼرɵľ룬һɱĶŶԷ
벻е㱾£ҿôһС˵껰ɽһ۶Ƽ
ҶʱеǰδеΣԼһݣһкܲ򵥡
Ȼһ߳һӰҶǰһӣ齣裬׼ɽ
Ҳ˺Ҷ磡
֪һеҲûκι˼ɣֱӳֵҶǰ
ԭɽƣȻ絲Լǰ˲䣬ŭˣδȻú𣡡
˵ġ罿һɫ˲԰ס
һֻůĴ֣һ磬½ңû˿ܰί
罿һЩŵĿҶҶ硭
һͷ΢΢һЦҶ֪ЩίˣͰ㱨𣡡
ǸϤĶǸϤҲ̲סһ˵ҶĻУޡίҵһйڣ
Ȼ˵ҶﻳУɽѣôʱһֱԣûȴͶ˵Ļŭһ
ȥ
һҶն䡣
ҶﲻŲæһ磬ͳΧһȭڽϡ
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Żعֻ߲֪ʲôʱһŮӣһ˫ĿǹƣȻͬŮӣҲͷ
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ұ꣬ͽ¶ɣҶǸѽ㶮˼Ҳ˼˵̫סգ۾
ô˵֪թˣæ㣡
ѽãҪôôƯã˼ҿˣһ֡ŶǿҶ쵰ĵƸһߺõĵطս
µĻ粻ɵһ죬ƯƯˣһЩ˳Բ
쵰Ҫ
ɽʱѾΪŭԭεѾŤıΣһĿҶ
պãҲͿ˭
ع飬Ҷãгʣָֻɡ
ҶֻˡҶɢ޵૵ص
Щ̾ĵ
һ㶣ºȻ֪˵©ˣæȿȣǵֻҾҶʶʱ󲿷ӵȨӦģ
ˣʵСôûռҶ硱Щɬĵ
ģ̫ˣ˵һлᡱһ˷ܵĵ
㣬˵ʲô᣿ôùֵֹģ
ѽʲôôǿϷɣǸ׻쵰Ҫˡ¸æ
Ȼ˳µĿ⿴ȥɽһٻֻ齣˫ڿӡߴΡ
Ȼֻ齣˲۳һɵĽ⣬Ҷ䡣
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399 ͫ
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ɽֻ齣˲۳һɵĽ⣬Ҷ䡣
Ǿ޴Ľϣ˼Ϊֲռ䶼ΪĴڶŤ
ÿֲսʥӼǿǶ׷ױɫǶһеǿ
Ҷ֮˲ɵýĶᵽɤˣֲĹǴû
ʥӴʹս򽣹ڣ°׷СӾˡһЩʥӵӵ߸е
ˮ޺ۺԪʹһֱעսԪʹ΢΢һЦܹսںϵ̶ֳȣѵã
Ҫ֪սҪͨŲᱻų⣬ܸطս
ǰɽʹõ򽣹ڣѾںһѾԷӳսΪѵá
˲ǣҶɽƺʹ߶սʱֻɵĿ
Ƕûз֣ɽת򽣹ʱҶ˫Ŀ֮еķţת糵֡
תɽĶ·ˣͬʱڵй켣¶ҶС
򽣹֮ʱҶﱩһһӰٻ塣
ʱҶڰ󰵽о͸Ϊ׶Σһ׶ٻսҲȫͭͬһףӼ͡
ڶ׶ν壬ٻӰı
׶ξ壬ĿǰΪֹҶ֮ٻһأûԹЧ
Ϊֲ̫ˣһʹù󣬻Լһա
ʱҶʹ壬ǣͬս
˶ȵŴͣ˰죬ԭҶûʹȫղǸһս̽ѡ
ԶؼСӺôĻԵԪʹ΢΢ݣ˫۾䡣
䣡
ҶһȭǰѾ޽ϣɿֲײɢķƶ䣬
һľӿɫ԰ס
οǣǹɿֲϸգû˺
Ҷﱻǹǿɣһֱϣ飬ֱϸѪ
ǿ
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ͽӲս̫˰ɡһЩ˲Щࡣ
࣡
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ǰͽӲս粻䣬Ȼɾһϧޡˮ޺һϧ
ҶͽֽסԼһɽɫˣЩ޷ʵ
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߰ޱȣһŮһۣΪѵãΪֻо֮Ůʸ䡣
ĳ֣ĻˣϧΣŮģͷ˼ΪɵֶΣǿ顣
ϧҶع飬е붼ΪӰڸʧߣȻòֻΪҶ״񲡣
ҿܵҼΣ
ɽ˫Ŀ֮оԹҶסһǳǿһһˣֻҪһΣȻֵס
Ҷ΢΢˦һ֣󰵽תֱϵ˿ڣٻָ
㼸ΣΪʲôҪҶǸһĨؿɽ
ɽȻûҶ˼ҲҪǣ齣ٻأһ˫ֽӡ齣ٴξ£ȻҪһΡ
ҶһĨȣеķſʼתҶҲǴһ齣֣˫ֿʼӡ
Ҷ齣˶ˣ˫ޣĴڣ
ȻǷ˸Ŀɿڴ£Ҫ˵ǣʥӶһĲš
һƽĿսˮ޺ۺԪʹߣʱҲˡ
ڰ֮УҶĽӡɽһģһҶͬУͬɽһ޴ľһ㣬˵ӡ˿
ɽҲǾֻֻܼͣӿʩչٶȡ
һӡɺ󣬶ͬʱһѳǧɵĽӰǰնȥ
ͬʱһ򡪡顪ڣ
䣡
һģһĽӰͬʱҫ֮⣬ݺݵײһ
һʱ侢Хһӿŭƿ紵ġ
ˮ޺ɫ΢΢һ䣬˫΢΢һҶ·Ĵȫ𣬿˵սನס
һЩԭ׼ܵˣ׷ͣ˽Ų赲µҪ
ƽ˹ನ赲ȷһЩǣһ
ڿУֻڶţ˶ûж֡
ɽĿҲһţŭⲻܣôܻ򽣹ڣ
Ҷ￴Ʈڰе齣ĵײɵ©ϲ֮ɫһǿ鼼
ɽת򽣹ڵʱҶʼͫһ
Ǿٳ˯ǰһϢҶҶ֮ͫ
ͫҶͨϵһһпøС
ȻҶ￪ͫʱ仹ǶϤɽ·ߣǿ԰쵽ġ
ɽһʹ򽣹ʱҶѾȫ·ߣԺС
ڶʹʽʱҶֱӿʼӡ֤Ȼʹ򽣹ڡ
˵ɽԼһû뵽ͫȻ졣
ڲǿʱҶޱصһЩɵӲʵ⣬ɵļһôõίҾһ𻹻
ҶԽ˵Խŭ˹Ƕĺ
üۣ˴ˣŭڵ˼㡣
һ죬˫㣬ߴνӡȻһգ۵ʱɣһ
򡪡顪ڣ
ʲô
˵ӶҪͻˣҶȻ˿գ۵ʱڣȫӡܣѵҪͨ
ãȻˮ޺ۺԪʹ߶ͫһ¶֮ɫ
ȱɽɻʱ䶼ûУѾǰѾ
һҧһԲԲĹǶܣԼǰ
䣡
ɢǹɹǶܾȻȻصֵסҶһ
Ҷһ㶣ջ齣ϸһ۹Ƕܣϱ߲Ȼһס
ɢѹȻһʥѹֿԵס
ףʥӾȻõʥ
˴Ȼϳʥһʱ˲Ȼ
ɽΪʥӣһԼһ󾳽սȻȶʥһƬⲻڱϣʵսҶ
ɽЩ˹ı飬жҶķŭѾһ㣬Ҳûй˼˴һйǶһɿֲĺϢϯ˷Բ
찡ʥӷˣﶯʥǺ𣿡˷˾ֵź
ɽѾǶܣҶһ죬Ѫɫ֣һԲ¸֣Ƴ
ˣǸһҲʥǶ𣿡
ҶҲʥһըˣ׷񱼡
޺εĿԪʹһۣЦڲֹĻǺҵףҪһˣ
Ȼռһ󲨶ӰڰգһʱһӰˡ


400 ϴˢԩ
ǰȻߣҶﾪķ֣ԼȻ޷תԪ
·ռʱ䶼ˣԼһܶвȻ˺ÿֲ
˳ڿк󣬺ȻǺĵӣȫڵء
μţ
ˮ޺΢΢˵ͷȻҶ˺ȵǶڴе֪
ɽæйţСԼеʵʥںֱײϮĴΣŶ֣죡
ˮ޺ɫ΢˫Ŀ磬Ҷʱ棿
ˮ޺ۣҶһ㷴ضûУҿ϶ˣɲ⡣
Ҷ΢΢һЦ³֡£
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±ߵ˶ըˣһЩ壬ߣһȻüʿȥ˽ס
ͬʱʥӸŭĿӣһЩԭĳݣ׷ױ˱ġ
ҶЩǣʼûм̫ϳظʹǧ¶档
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¿˿ҶҶ΢΢Լͷһɣɳʬڵϡ
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ˮ޺̾˿һ죬һ󲨶̫ϺһλŨü߳ڰա
ǵĳּΪͻأȻԼ֣Ǳˮ޺ǿиġ
ʱҲҪŻȻ򣬹ֲÿǣԭͱˡ
Ƕ˿ʲô˵ˮ޺۵ص
ŴˣɳһɺԣǱвȣŻݺҵȡظǿ
ˮ޺ۻػҶһ켤һӰ񣬿ռӰУظɳıͽȫ˳
һʱظһңʱǿѾûκαҪҪҲֻܺǸѾɳ졣
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ҶҲһ̫ظʥߴܰˮ޺Ҫɱ
Ҷ︺ֶһƬƽֻǵؿˮ޺۵Ķ
šԪʹߺȻֹˮ޺۵Ķ
Ԫʹ˳޺֣СܶҪɵʹһˣ齻Ҵɣ
ɵ֣ߵݣɵļʹʥĸˡ
ˮ޺΢ЦԪֿˣɵʥ֮ǺɵϽ¾ͷԪˣ
ԪظҶһۣ΢΢һЦʱ׷
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401 
ʱ׷
ԪʹߵĻ˵⣬ˮ޺۶Щ죬ʧʰɡ
ȻԪʹߵĸոһһƬȻ壬ɫΪ߿
Ҷ֮˸ķζҪըˣҶСǲԪʹߵƿڴ˵ôôƫģô׻𣿡
仰ͷһݣҶŭһ죬һҶСϣҶС϶ʱָӡ
죬öԴ񣡡
ҶŭһȣҶСŭԪʹߣпҶ
Ҫ֪һɳͲҶ帲ԪʹҪԸҶ壬練ơ
ȻҶŭһƣҶСһĲƴŲ
ҶŭתͷԪʹ߹μҲϣˡ
Ԫʹֻ΢΢һЦûҶŭǶҶô˵
Ҷֻ³֡
ԪʹߵͷɳظһǷ˴֮ˣֻɱɳ죬ȴŹظꡣΪظѾʥߣǽԿشռսҲܴ
ʱŻȻɳ۷壬ûвʥߣɲܱɵء
·۷ֻж٣в֮ϧһҲ޷Խǵ
ԪʹߵĻظǧ˶һۣ׷һǸһĨЦ⡣
ѹסɽǣ˫͸޾ĵ⣬Ҷﲻ״ǽΣ
ǷòƽԪʹ߿Ҷﵭʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ΢΢һЦûƽҲģ
ҶҶŭһʿɶֹϾɳѾһ۷ԸοҶӢˡ
ҶԪʹߣ롣
ҶһӣֹҶŭĻҶˣֵܽã˳𲻱ĲΪˣ
ҶǶԼĹգԼ⹫ԼԼһսԨħҶսʿ
һѪûսɳ֮ϣı֮УҶ
ԪʹɫһΣ
ΣȻѾ˾޷ܣʵ㹻ˣһԼֱġҶ˿ԪʹеĿ⣬Ȼ
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ȻǣֻҪܹõһͷΣҿԸһսظĻᡱԪʹζĵ
˶Щ⣬սʥǻ᣿ʲô
ãлˡҶԪʹ߹һҲû˵һ仰תصҶ壬ȥ
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һ˵ı飬Ԫһӣһռ֮ų֡
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ԪʹߴһӣһԲĿռųǰͬһ޵Ͷˡ
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ԪʹҲ˵ɫƽĿǣҲԴߴ٣һʱ䶼˵
ҶһߵǸǰûаԥһ˴ţ˲ʧ
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һ˽ȥʣµ㿴ңҿ㣬ֻӲͷƤŽ롣
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Ԫʹ帡⣬˵ʱһԽʱһٱҲ˵ʱڣһ죬Ҳֻǹһѣ
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ڵҪսʤǸͣϣΪãôʯţҶЩؿǸһۣǰȥ
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Ҷпһǿ󣬾Ȼƾ⾳ͽԼˡ

Ǹ󺺶˵һȭƳգռҶ䡣
Ҷ࿹ȻԼȻƸѹסˣһȻ޷ȫת
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ȻҶոհһǸ󺺵ȭͷ

Ҷֱ۱ϣǸ󺺵ȭͷصҶؿڡ
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Ҷﾪط֣ԼʱҵķѣȻɱ
ҶԴһΣٴѹʱ򣬲ŷԼվʯ֮⡣
ڵĴ󺺣ҲһԭıԼ·ղŵһоһһ㡣
ʱҶǺ˶ͬˮ̳һ㣬ղᵽζ
βԣˣԼûнȥԼһ꣬ڣʯڵĿս
ֻԼȻһɱܵ˼ĴҶﷴ˷ܡ
ǸԽǿ󣬾˵ȭԽļܣֵӵС
ҶһȭһҪõ㣡


406 ֲ
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ǿ󺺵ȭͷһΣص䣬Ҷ޷ֵһα顣
Ҷոջص壬һɼĸоɫΪ԰ס

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ʱǴۼֱˣԼܷõУһԼľҲżĽ
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ʱɳ©ʱѾȥ죬Ȼʱ䣬һٱҶɲ˷ѣոջָ壬˴š
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ҶӶԹ˼ʮȭ֮ڼֲסһȭͻʱ
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ռʱŲΣĴУò֣Ҳֻܸɵۣζ²ܰɣ
ʱ˿ʼҶ䳰ȷԭʼɵۺ죬ڿԳһˡ
Ǹζ²ֹܰɣҿĶˣͬ鰡
ͬɶΪ̫ĺ⵽˱Ӧ춼˳ۣˣأ
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ҶûдЩĵˣظֿʼ˼ս
Ҷȭŵٿ󺺵ֵ£ֵʱԽԽ
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תۼ¹ȥˣҽʱѾŸµʱ䣬Ҳ˵һµʱ䣬ʱҪرˡ
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˶ûע⵽Ҷͫûȥ渡ֵǼȵĿϲ


407 Ҷջ
Ҷﱻͳ˵ı鲻ϧֻ
ֻûзҶ۾еĨźϲΪ֪Ǹеʲô
Ǹӣһ춯صйʽչֵĲҲõļɣһ⾳
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ףʼһھţǸӾʮȭУ̺ľֻа֡
Ҷ϶ھ־壬һڵؾʮȭ֮УҶ㾡ȫһ죬һȭ
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ӳԶ׬ˣЩֻҶзЦ
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һЩʥŮܲˣƽո߸ϣʲôʱ¹
һЩʥŮ׷վ𣬶ϷŭĿӣƼпܻ֡
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Ϸ˵꣬۾λʥŮǰһۣ񣬼ɱ
ΪʥŮɫһ䣬ʧȥΪһͨŮ죬Ϸɸˣ»
ߣ޳֮ͽҵţǲŹġԥһ£ֻܷһݻⳡһƨ¼
һ֪䣬һԪʹߣĬĬعעǡȺӣǹĵģ
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˵ϵһ䣬ȫָ״̬һʱ˶ϲɫ
ʱ䵽ˣħս


408 ħս
ʱ䵽ˣħս
һ䣬Ҷ˸оԼһһ˲ʧʱԱߣĹ㳡ϡ
ǶѾܹǰеʱ⣬ӾҪ١Ԫʹ߿ˣмΪɭ
ͬǽԵʧȥǵħޣǸħ޲һһˡ
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Щ˽ħսع˼ɣ֮һ˻Զ档
Ҳпһ˻棬ҲųһҲ
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Ԫʹߵ˵üΪ֣أûа㿪Ц˼ͷ·ѹһʯͷ
˵ԪʹߵҪɵһΪһʥӣ˵ģҲǲҵġ
˵ǣǵõ˵ĸʥǣ޷ġ
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Ԫʹߵһ仰Ѫڣ˵ǿǧѷĻᰡɽˣ˫۷Ź⣬Ȼ־ڱصá
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ʥҲɫΪѿʥǿߣ֮ͬм޵еĴڡ
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Ҫɱħޣø֣ͲòҪԼֻǿħޣɫôѿ
ղŻ׼ʱͬˮͷ侲
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Ҷаһ̾ԼǱʥģʥأѾ׳˸նӳɵʥȻѾûôˡ
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飡
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ûӦһȭ磬ݣûͷħӦһȭͷĴͷϡ
ۣ
ѪĽħͷ­ҵķѣһڵħޣ˲䱻ɱ
ͨͨһȭȻǿ׬ˡҶ￴Լȭͷ©Цݡ
һȭʱУĿӵĵһȭƽƽ棬ȴһȭڣֻеһ̣
Ϊ£Ҷ֮£ҲǱһȭɱɼôǿ
һҶĵһУӵҲġ
Ȼ⾳ҶֻѧЩƤëۣһǿ
ֽɢڵϵľ𣬷˵ĴСҶɱǡһǿߵľࡣ
ǣľǾӨ͸ͷħľˣϱ߸һϱߵϢҲӵĿ񱩡
Ҷһ£΢΢ҡҡͷԼµûĻö˿Ƿˡ
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һʹűɿ񱩵֣̻һѪķӣɱ¾ʲô֪
ֱһը˭Լף
뵽ըҶ۾һڵһըܹЧĽôըɲǿԺϳɺ˵
ըԼϱаԼЩҵѾǳ˺ܾãлỹҪġ
Ҷûмߣʱа֮أ˵
ʱ֮Ҷľ΢֮£˶ħҶ￾⽹ۣˮֱ
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ҶﾪϲǣڵѾҪȥѪ⾫ܹѪ⻯Ϊ
õطѽ÷⣬÷ѽ㣬ҶﲻɵҸĺС
Ҷﲻ֪ǣǸոսħսʱ򣬶ϱʥĵشһʯ
ңԶĶʥسʯ֮еӶˣǼΧʯ
ʥʥŮ˵ֶˡʥصӻ
ϷɣѩҲһ˷ܵĵ
ףֿʼ仯찡Ҷϴһԭļʮ֣ȻһЩ仯һۼ⣬һۿ˹ؼ
һﻹôͷһòףĻ𱬵ŮӣͦŰˣĿȫϲɫ
ҶӢ۸벻ͷأǽôϲҶ磬˵⻰ЩڲŶΣȻʼϷŷˡ
壬ҵϷ㣬СҲŶЦ
ŮЦ䣬ʼնضʯΪһǿ̹ĵ֡
Ȼſ֣Ҳ㹻οһ˿˼֮飬ʯǰҪ֤Ҷٴ档


409 
ǺǰʮɸߵʯϣһƬ֡
еһ֣ҶԭǶǺ˵һΪİ֡
ԴϴҶ󣬼սɽ־Ѿˡ
㿴ǵڵһˡҶǧѩָʯǸޱϤ֣ĵ
ħսһǳʥ£ǺѾ翪ʼȴˡ
ҶΪҶμħսҶʷΪҫ飬ص
ʯһ֣ͿʼѰϱϤǸ֣ǸտҶʱԭҶȻһ˵һλ
ҶߵλӣȻдšһǧǴʱҲѾ֪һЩ򣬿ϱߵ˼
Ҷ쿴ŰмỨҶǧѩ֣ű˴еļ
ҶȫսʿǷһҶܴһλޱȹ١
üһһսɱһͷڵħޣҶֲ̫˰ɣ
Щ˰һʯ֣Ҷֱ仯ֻһʱ䡣
ǰʯʥͶӰڼʥǵս֣׼ȷ
ߣʲô˲𣬲ǳ˹ʺ˶ѣʥӴϾͿԳԽġһǺĵЦһȻɽӵߡ
˵ĻʱҶӵŭĿӣһЦȻݲ͡
ҶӸҪ༥ȴҶŭסЩӵǵϢ˼ˮܹǿҶʲôʱ˼Ҷڣ
峤˵ĶԣҶǶֲڵģҲѧϰô翴ǣ
һӸ꣬ղŻ׼ƿڴĵӷ׷ױͣҲһۡ
۷׷֮ʣڣˮ޺ۺԪʹڼ֡
Ҷĺܹܲɳٽ֮ʱȻԴʡԪʹһյĮһ˿̾
ŶôԪı⣬ֱӰɽɵˮ޺Ц
ԪʹҡҡͷҲȻǲѵ˳Ȼɣ
Ȼˮ޺۽ǰһƵôˣҲζˣ컻淨ɣ
ôԪʹµʵ
ǴģʥűҪǿǾͱһ۹⣬ÿѡһˣ˭ѡеˣһΣˮ޺۵
Ǻǣ޺ضԼ۹⼫ģŸҴİɣã淨ȷʵֱӣ˵ɣ㿴˭Ԫʹߵ
ҿҪ˵˰ҾеһˣȻɹ¡ˮ޺۵
޺ְ޺֣ʲôȴΪҿǸŮӵԪʹ߿ˮ޺۴Ȥ
ˮ޺۲ɵһ죬εصҪһһѡҲУ
޷Ȼ֪һԤУδõһԪʹߵ
ŶȻ֪ȻôģǸ˭ˮ޺΢һ
ҶԪʹߵ
ɣȻҶսߣԸɽƴ£±²Ĳһɡˮ޺ЩŰɵĵ
ԭΪԪʹ߻ѡ磬Ϊѵһĺ壬ԼԦս߾
Ԫʹ߾ȻѡҶȻҲҶﾪޣϾΪ̫ˣѣʶŲ
޺֣㻹СˣСȻͲΪߣһɱ纣ȻǾѪȷ硣ļһ򲻵ѾԲչԼʵǻǿɡԪʹ΢΢һЦ
ðɣȻ㿴ǾͿսɣҲӵдѪ߸ˮ޺ҡͷ
ԪʹЦ۵Ѫк۵У˭ٺ٣Ҫʵȥ֤
תۼʱȥҶ΢΢ʧǣҶֺߵ֣һֱûб仯ȻҲûлɱħޡ
ȴ׷׵׷ʱҶ־Ȼʮһλ
˵ûɣʺֻܳһأ߲ҪʵһΪСӣռһλӣȥɡǰͳҶĵӣٴγơ
Ҷ˶ûдҶһŵҶǧѩİɣǵĶ㻹֪Կģ
ҶǧѩոյͷȻ˴һ
찡и˵ְˣ
˴һæʯȥֻʯϽУȻһְ޹⡣
һʱͷһǸְˣ˵һʥʧˣҲ˵һʥӼˡ
Ҷǧѩɫʱ԰û뵽ʥӵȻôпᣬ˵ҶҲΣգ
죬Һõ֪ͲҪȥμʲôʲˣ
ͱˣҶԲ¶ģûκ飬ѵҶ诺Ҷǳο
ҶҶŽäĿţǸԴҶһֱ漣ŽĳɾͣҶ

ֵ÷׷ʱҶһĨϵգһͷӵɽһĹͷϡ
ܴһ﷽ԲﶼһƬߣֱ治巽
ҶɴҲܷˣʼѰĿ꣬ҶƵǣԼȻûʲôħޡ
ɣûħޣʲôʲôӣ
вɵЩʱǻ֣ʱǿⰡӿ˽Ųǰ
˸սʱһֻħ⣬ȻҲûһֻħޣûеͼûʾֻܱ۾ǰˡ
Ǽ֮ǰȻŭҶһϲæǸȥ
ȵ˽ǰҶŷ֣ǰǧ⣬һ޴ս쳣ҡ
ܺӢսʿһͷħޣչѪս
ҶԾǣͷħ֮УȻʮͷһͷڣͷڡ
һֻλǿߣˣЩħҧסǣǺ˵Ļᡣ
໣
һͷħܿзһ׹⣬ʱǰϰλսʿ⣬ʱ˵Ŵҡ
λǿߣҲսû취Ԯֻܿż
Ƽ
ѪɫĹâһɫʸӶᡣ
ۣ
ħʵǿĴڣͷڵħޣʱһԴ
ǸսǿߣȻһæתͷȥ
ֻһӰ۷裬׷ƮѪɫѪħħȺ
ۣ
֮ҶÿһȻһħ䡣
ҶﾪϲǣЩħȻǿ󣬵Ϊħˣ̱ͣԸǲһͿ
Ҷת֮ȥ߶ѪɫЩûзʶħϣһɱ鷢
ЩǿױȵħޣǸУһһ㱻ȫɵˡ
Ҷʮʮħ£ʱ˷Ӧںˣ׷óʼӭ
ոհѳ𣬾һϤҶֵܣǾ˸һ


410 
Ҷһ㶣ֻǰһͷϵĿף˳ҫ磡
½ָʹҫҶݹֵܣղſףҶûϳ
磬㶼ѾָʹˣôҪ󰡡ҶмΪɻ
ⲻʥ߻ӣǰߣȻˣҪֵ֣ʹˡҫ̾˿
ǺǣǴ鸣죬Ѳк󸣰ôᱻôħ׷ɱҶʵ
Ҷôһʣҫɫʱѿ΢ԥһ£ǽ齲˳
ԭҫھݵӲ죬ϾָʹҪԼıְá
Ѳߵݵʱǰһħޣħ޶Ϊǿ
ߵǣЩħȻ׷һˣǸǺµһʥصʥӡ
˼иݵ㣬붼룬ͽħ˹Щħޱûʲôӣһ࣬Ϳʼɱ¾Ǹʥӷˡ
ҫԼսţ޷ֵôǿħȺֻܱսˡ
ҶɸеЩ˶ҪȫûˣǶǸʥӼֱ֮ǡ
Ǹ˽ʲôҶһ䣬쵰ȻΪһ֮˽ʮʿ˵ĽʿΪ汳Ҷսʿ
Ǹ˽ﳤ࣬ʥɽã粻ָȥҼˣԺˣ
ҫҶҶɽ֮ĶԹǺ˲֪ҲǸˡ
СܼˡҶﺬһֻ˵ġˡָǼﳤ֣ҫĻ
磬һЩϸֲͼҶʵ
ȻУǸħ޽սô꣬һЩյļΪϤ
ҫ˵껰ͳһŵͼϱϸıעһЩλ¼ЩΣյϢ
¿ǰСܴæˣͷȾơҶһЦӹͼ͸ֱͼϵҪشȥ
ҫļʮʿҶһˣսȥг˿Ⱥ;η

ǺǰԭЩ޾ɵҶӣȻɧ
Ҷֶˣǿ쿴
ȻѾ±ߵġҶ֣Ȼһ˸һ㣬ϼܡ
ֹͣʱѾڵڶλӣҶֺߵʾǣһǧߡ
Ҷһӳ嵽ڶλˡҶһλ˷ܵؽе
ʲô˲ģǵڶλ𣿸һλҪʮǧءǰǸǺӳ
ҶСʱҲ̲סûʲô˲𣬲Ҷܹʥأ֪һϹƨ˲һҿ
㡭ǸӶʱƿԣҶﲻô˵ҲʥӼǿߣʸ۵ġ
ߣʲô㣬ȰüǵվţƾһССߣҶ㣬һûʲô𣡡
ҶСˣвһɵһ˷ܣԼҲںٻһء
ǸҶСĻʱɫһ䣬Ҷڵɳ춼ŪôҪԼĻ»ҶС˵ϲࡣ
ǸӲ˵ҶҵҲûˣͬʱʵҪԡ
ǰҶҹҶ֮Ҷܾ裬ҶǱϵǺıԵһƶߡ
ҶԻع飬ֶΣɳ£Ҷһס
ڻ˼⳥֮ҶҲǺڲӵһɽΪפء
һжҶ֮󣬲Ÿıģ˵˾һ仰ĸãҪӦʵ
ڣˮ޺۵ҶȷʵȻܹڼʱڣɱôǿħޣǶʲôֶΡĳɼ±˺ܶడ
ʯϣһλӣռݣֲֿشﵽʮ֮࣬
ΪʥӰϻ͵ĲֻٶѣҲ˵ʥӣֻɱͷڵħޡ
ֱһһڵأѹǸǺĵӣҶһڶĲʵ̫ˡ
ԪʹֻǵһЦûκνֻͣĿ͸ޱȵš

Ҷеĵͼҫļ㷽ҵ˵һص㡣
һħǵľݵ㣬ǧͷ֮࣬Ҷϸ۲һ£ͷжʮͷڵаʮͷ
ҶﶼЩͷƤ飬ôħһʵ̫ˡ
ԮҫʱͬǸʱЩħ޵עȫϣҶ﹥䲻⣬Żɡ
ֻԼһˣһ֣̻⵽ȺĹǿһôħΧҲܲˡ
ݣȻˣ
Ҷ˼䣬ȻȺ֪ʲôʱѾԼһŭ𣬶Լ
ǰһͷڵľǣӵĴһţһ˲ɣҶն
ǵиոմǿӭ籩ǣγһɵľУֱӿԽǧľ룬Ҷǰ
ÿٶȣ
Ҷһ˾޴ĹȻ˲ʵ̫ˡ
ҵһȭӳ
䣡
ײһҶﱻʮľ룬ǸȻͨǿߵĹҪǿһЩ
ҶովΣͷԼѾǧħǰΧΧ˸ˮйͨ
ȺսҶǸһĨ΢Ц˫ּٽӡһ֮
Ҷ﹵ͨСڵ׵սеƶ˲γ˽ۣռ
סơ硪
ҶһȣеĽ˲侲ֹһԲɵݺݻ¡
䣡
ЩħǸո˵Ҷߣͱ񱩵Уѣϯ
ЩΪϵ͵ħһ˲˷ɻңϵҲ˽ֻ̿ڵľͷħǣһѾһϢˡ
ۡ
齣裬ͷһϢڵħǣûоκεĵֵͱնͷ­
䣡
Ҷڷһ죬ΪӿڣΪͻٽ㣬졣
̫ˣнһ
ҶڵԪӿȣСҲøӹС⣬Ҳһ°
־Ҷ֮ǰһ֮ӵǿ
Ʒ籩Ȼǿɱħޣ׬󣬸ȫ
ҶһٻɱôħޣʥӰҶֽĻһӱʮࡣ
ˣ˶ˣǳһһΪҶһʹʥŻľ˽
һʥͱȻһΪ˥ڣħսϽ˥ڣȥʸû˰ɡ
ΪһʥӵĿ˼Ϊ⣬κʥӶ;һܾͻܵĨɱҪҲֻսϡ
սɨ֮Ҷ֮ȡľˣʬҶֻȡڵģ۽Ҳˣͽ׵ⲻˡ
ҶȻһȺΧסˡ
Ҷ첻ʬΣɽ͸գ


411 ȭ
Ҷ첻ʬΣɽ͸գ
Ҷ˲䱻ʮλʥʥŮΧסǰһɽһ仰ǷĿС
һɽǱԭѩʥӺ룬ߵŮһĿԼСλ˭
ǵʮһλ֣ҶϳǳǺͱԭѩ֮ˡ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ϷӦȺһȿ¾׼໥緽ʽŽսô죬ܹۼ󲿷ʥӡ
ɽҧгݣҶûᣬ˵˭ﳤࣿ
Ҷﻰһ䣬û˵Ⱥһӣ΢һ¡
һҶﻺȭͷʥһȭӳٶ³档
ߣʼݣ޴һӣǰҶһ䡣
˾ǣһֱӴҶ壬ȴûл
СġһƻգгһоЩһ
ۣ
ոպҶƮƮһﳤϣֱֲӽĳһѪ
㱰޳ܵĴۡջԼ֣Ķһ仰
һȭҶȭУıʱٵһƤëȻԲ㣬ԸǿߺױǶԸﳤ໹⡣
˶ͷһ¶ҶǵУȻüΪֲһھȻۣ˭Ҳ֪ж
ǰ֮ǰɱһʥŮǵ˵棬ֻɱһλʥӡ
֣û𵽰ãʥʥŮͷԼҲʱһɱˡ
ҶĹ죬ǵˣѾ
һ۾ͽ˵￴ߵɽС⣬ʶľ͸Ͻ뿪ҲΪǣ
ɽЦ̫ˣΪƾһСֶΣͿԻ𣿱ˣǴҲҪĵ
ɽһ仰ǰ˲٣Ҷֶٹ죬Ҳһ߶ѡ
λʥӴڣһٶֶҲ޷ʹǱȻġ
վͱʾվͬһսߣ뿪ɾͽʥ֮ظ͸ˣһʱûһ뿪
ᣬҪҶ￴Щԥˣͨ뺡
Сӣʴˣ˵Խֻ࣬˵Խ飬㵱ҵĶɵ𣿡һʥӳȻѡվߣɴʾһԼġ
ΪǻĻҲ̫ˣ
ǵ䳰ȷҶ΢΢һЦȻǷ˻ᣬͲҪˣ

Ҷһȭմȴжһȭ֮£˴ŭ
ֱһ裬Ȼƾһֵ֮ʥӣֱǽǵɷ
ԭôΧҶҪֻ֣ҪҶܾˣΪɽȥԸ
ȻֱӶ˳֣һӼŭǣΪʥӣǸ߸ϵǿߣܲŭ


׷ŭУ˶Ҷﻹ
䣡
ʮĸʥͬʱ֣Ƹ죬ɽӣÿռһ
һǾȵķ֣ǷȻжȥ˼ֻ࣬ӳɲ
Ҷﱻʮɵľ룬ؿһڣһ˿Ѫ૵صȭġվûȫᣬͲᱻˣ
ҶһȭõһɾǸ຺ӣȫס
ȻҶһ˿򣬵ʵϣŷʵڲ̫ࡣ
ҶֻһصСˣ˶һʮ֮ȻûнҶ̫ˡ
¾ɽ˶ޱأΪ֪ղһжǿǻǣ㲻ҲҪˡ
˶һۣһ˿ͬʱ¾ģԲҶųȥ
ɽ˫ֽӡٻ˳齣ҶնͬʱСεĹҲˡ
ʥ֣ǰδе飬һʱ죬쾪
飡
Ҷͭɫȭͷǰ齣֮俪ܹСεľݽһֻȭͷصںϮһϡ
ȭԣһ죬ʱоһɿ񱩵Ϯɽѹرɡ
д󺧣һθҶĽ֣ʵظܵҶĿֲ
뱻ҶɣΧɵȦӱ˺ѵһȱڣʱڵǿߣͬʱ˲伤Ҷ﹥
䣡
ʥǿͬʱΪ£ҶһȭȻǿֵסǿֲȴرˡ
ҶﱻˣɽСδһҲǧɵӰòƿҶ￳¡
Ҷһ޷ԶͬʱһͷɵӰһ񷡣

ҶһХһȭڶ˵ϣ÷ԲĴһƬѡ
ӣΧսԵʥʥŮѪӿıƷ
ɽСֻһɴ˸һѪ
ͷ𺧲ѣǶҶｻ֣ҶȻࡣ
ԾľɽҶｻû죬ΪѾҶĵϸˣû뵽⼸Ҷôࡣ
ǲ֪ǣҶ󰵽ļӳ£˼
Сڣ˰֮ǷһЩʱ䡣
һǵѪգɽһЦҲ£һʹܣ˵Ѿþˣɣ
ôһ˵ʱ۾һ˶Ҷȥ

ڣ˶̣ûκӣֻмʮİ׵㣬ɢ
һ㼫Ϊܼһһʮˮ޺ɫЩصصԪ֣ǼƽͲ֣
ԪܼĹ㣬΢΢һЦֻ𿼺ˣûȨԤǸСӼȻȻԼעҪڴ֮ǰ䣬ҾξҲڱĵط䡣
ô˵һĳ£ʵڲˮ޺̾Ϣ
Ǻǣ޺ô˵ñɵӺģԪʹЦ
پǰ˭˵ЩЩӿӦԴٵĶܷͿˡˮ޺Щп
޺ֶˣЩ飬ЩССʥ龳ܹҵģʥ쾳ǶǻǾɡԪʹߵ
ף
˵ԪʹߺȻ֣һʧһ졣
ҶǿֶΣȻһٻɱһλʥӣҲµûĻһõĸϴβһֶΡԪʹߵ
ΪɽֲɵϣϴҶɱλʥŮǿ϶ҶĹʼʩɹĻ᲻
ȻԪʹ΢΢һЦȻҲܸԤǵҿȨеģ
Ԫʹߵһ̣ϵʧֳһ棬ʮʥǿһλ׷չһĶǵĴս
޺֣ٺ٣пһϷǿҶ˵ΰɣ


412 
Ҷ˫ȭ裬ƿ飬ʹɽСλʥӵĴڣɱƵ޷
ǾǣҶȭΪŹ֣˷ʤ
һԭѩʥӣһС̰ðҶһȭ˰۰򣬻飬ʹطҶĺһУűס
Ǹ˲ʥӼǿߣ˺󣬾Ȼ֪ʹʲôԼ帴ԭսţҲҽȦˡ
սѾ˰Ȼ˫ʽԽԽΧҲԽԽ
ľǣҶʼûжñһֱȭͷսôȭȴֵ˿¶
ǸԾǣ˫ĹԽԽǿҶȭͷҲԽԽԽԽԵֵ
ʱڷԾˣҶսԽԽǿȭȻԽԽ죬ȭ
ɽ˲ȻŭʲôʱܹʥӾȻ˼ҵɵһˣ˰졣
򽣹ڣ
ɵ齣Ҷն̲סˣԼľС
һУҶǸһĨĳѧһ֮򣬱ɽҪĶࡣ
һŽǰһطȥ
䣡
ҶһȭǸ޴ĳϣֲʧʧ⣬ûзӳͱˡ
ôܡɽһҪ֪򽣹ڡ꣬ǿֶ֮һ
ǰҶȻɵһȭǿƵš
ɽı飬ҶﲻмķһЦûʲôġ
ֻҪڣͻڣһȻͨǶ򲢲
򽣹ڡȻ齣һ𣬷ӳױȵֻϣںϣдһ覴á
޽һʱǰǰһλγһܵĺġ
˾Բ֪ܣɽԼͬͨ򽣹ڡҶȴܡ
ԵҶһȭǸյشǰˣ֮ϵʧȥյشţ޽ȻȻˡ
һȭƽˡ򽣹ڡ֮Ҷûκͣһȭɽ䡣
ҶȭͷɽȻɫһ䣬˵һʥӱɱ龰
һ죬һǶֱӸǰǶܸոռҶȭͷ˹
飡
һ죬ҶȭͷڹǶ֮ϣûκǸǶܣֻǽʮɵľ룬ҶﲻпϧһͿԽɱ
ʱɽҲųһ亹ղŶ˰벽ĻԼѾһʬˡ
ʱСεĹҲˣʱɽΣɽһȶһ񣬼ս

ҶôĻԵȻһ۵ȭ⡱ˮ޺ۿڵľЩ𾪵ĵ
ȷʵʱжᴫеʱҾ;ʮֲ죬ʲôоȻ˼ѣˡԪʹߵ
۰ʥ½ʷҲֻѣǾޣھһ޵еˮ޺̾
ս˽֣ȥĻǵķⳡսӦճˡԪʹ߿ڵս
ϣһһЩɵ£˶̾Ϣ
ԪʹߵĻ䣬ڵľ˱仯ɽ˾ùºʧȥ侲
֣ʦ㣬ѲǲҪڱˣȫʥһٻɱΣɽŶ˴
Сθһۣ˵ͷǱҶֲǱŵˣղɱԺҲûлɱˡ
ʱҶĿֲ츳Ȼһɳ죬ǸʱǾֻӵʸˣ޷ܵġ
˴ӦɽһϲʥӴҶʵҲˣǱɱҪȫܹɹɱҶԸóһǬµ˭ܵõǾͿǵıˣ
ǬµʥӶͷʥǳ
һʱǱ޴նĵ̰ɽΪʥ֮صʥӣȻô˵;Բʳԣȫˡ
֤Ҳûа˼ɣ׷ױһƼ
ԭЩ˶߶طԼսȫ߷壬Ϊ˶ʥϧƴѪ
ΪǶ֪֮Լ˶αʥ֮صʥӣûʸɽɵ
Ȼûϣˣ罫ϣѹѺպʥ֮ϣ˴߶ʥټʮʥӵȫҶɡ
˶ͣеĶޣҶʱ
ɽ˹Ƕ죬СĴ߶£Գ˱塣
ǰƮһķשӼΪ죬ɢѹȴΪֲÿռ䶼һŤ
ʥǣҲȫеһʱҶᵽϢ
Ҷڵ㻹ʲô˵ɽϸһ˿
ҶﵭĿһۣȷʵкܶ໰˵ô𣿡
Ȼǰ˵Щʲôøһ֣ǻ޷һͷǺأɽʱüá
ҶƽصȻҾ˵˵ɣ˵ǣΪɱ֮ĵˡϲ磬Ҫǹȥ׷Ҳɱ㣬㲻ӦҶǰ;ȥвӦõǣȻҶ¼ʮӵȥ㱰ɵļƻ
ôǰ˵Ļ㲻ģɽЦôԪʹ˵ûйƽԡ
ΪŲŶѣ۱ҵʥӣ㲻һһĲֵСӡ
ʵɱˣŮˣͷҪҵС
ɱ֮һõŮˣˣٺ٣ѾûκüֵˣһὫָɽһɭĵ
ɽŤ·𿴵ǿŤģǸ߸ӵܵĿ
һǿıͿʼΪͣ޵ض䣬ħʲôȴѹ־˵Щ꣬ȶħаһ򱶣ɽˡ
ҶǸֳһĨЦݣЦݺ䣬˯ǰ͸Ҷｻռа꣬ǰЩˣԼڴĶ
ЦҺܲˬϣͦһΪҲкַܶҪͦסɽЦݾаĶߣ˿־塣
˵껰ٲ˵ɽֱӽȫעʥʥ׻ѣһʱط׷ױǿֲѹ顣
ʥҲѾƴɽ˵Ķٲԥһȫע֮Уٻǿ
ЩԼصʥǣҶ˫ȭſǼʶʶʲôҶĳĵƣ


413 
ǼʶʶʲôҶĳĵƣ
Ҷ˫һţ׵磬˫ֲ塣
󡪡ϡ壡
ҶӰһעҶڣӰע룬ܲסǹɿֱֲӱ
һҶͷڶֱʣǳҡҷԲʮĴط׷³
ɽ׵壬ǹһ壬ʹʥ֣Ҳر⡣
ǾҪ֪Ѿʥǿߣ޷ʥΧ
Ҷƾƣǵ˳ȥղŵȻûһЧ
ɱɽŤķһŭйǶܣ绯һҶ䡣
ͬʱСεʥҲͬʱ£ʥӵĹҲ
ǰĹҶͫʱ·һӱˡ
ǿʲôؼǿһȭ
ʱҶͬս񣬴һţս߬ȭͷʱؿʼĲ
ȭͷϣֲڲͣתתռ俪ʼݣҶӰҲŤ·һ㡣
ǹȭͷʱеĿռ䲨ֹͣˣҶһȭƽƽӭǰй
ҶȭͷײйʧȥֻĹâںһ𣬽ŷһܽ˶ı졣
䣡
񱩵ͬУΧϯȥǵֵס壬г˷ĩ
֪˶ãɢʵָֻԲʮĴʧˣֻһ׵Ĵ󶴡

ӰϵĻ棬һʱڣ˶û˵һ仰
̫ˣȻصôˮ޺۴ƽһ𺳵ĵ
Ȼܲһ㣬Ȼ͹սԶԶҵԤϡԪʹߵ
û뵽ôʥӱɱҪƫôʥ䣬ôǺˣˮ޺Щʧ䡣
³ԤϣҪϱҪУ
Ԫʹ˵껰ӻȥһɫֽţָüһ㣬һɻָֽһ󼱻
ֽ֮ϱ߸ֳһЩ··ʧԪʹ߾صȴţˮ޺Ҳվһһ仰Ҳ˵
Ƭֽ̺Ƭ΢΢ȻһĲֱӻΪҽ
ˮ޺վԱߣκԪʹ۾æʵʲôѵʾ
˳ȻԪʹ³ĸ֡
˳Ȼ㽫ղŷ鶼ˣˮ޺Щŵĵ
Ԫʹߵ˵ͷκŵѵʾ⣬ǻǲҪİ컵£һлǰɣ
ˮ޺۵Ҳֻˣǻ纣˼ҵָʾԲģǻǾɣ
ϼʾͬ£Ѿը˹ʮʥӵһӰֹͣˡ
ôôܣһôҲʯϵľ󣬿ǲô۾ǰ龰ûκα仯
ɽСζʥ֮صʥʥŮޣͬ޵еĴڣôͬʱ䣿
»ֹˣǿǰһʥְԺ󣬺ֶͬʱģпͬʱɱ
һʱ˶۷׷ףʥп޵еĴڣȻһʮˣ޷ܡ
˵ʥ֮صʥӣʥҲһе֡
ҶҲǴһοǣҶִʱѾ䵽˵ŵģ֤š
죬Һú¡ҶǧѩץҶ֣г˵ǡ
£ǿҪԶԶҵͷİɡҶ찲οԼҲȫǺˮ
ҶѾµǸˣѾɳҶֻӵĸ߶ȣֻܾصȴϢ
ȷʵΪҶﵣģЩ˵пܸҶйءҶŭ
ʲôҶ򸾴һ
ҶŭһΧ˻ھ֮Уûע⵽ߵĶŷ
˵Ҷٽ֮ǰ˵ҶĿģ
ǡҶ컹ЩɣǰЩҶɽս൱Ѿ˴һˡ
żĹ򣬾һ»ɱôǿʥӣǶĴڣ˭޷š
Ҳֻǲ²⣬ûע⵽ЩʥӣǶʲôҶŭ
ҶŭһѣҶŷ֣ЩʥʥŮǳǺԱԭѩ
ҶѩżĳԹʥصʥ䣬ʥһûУ˵һ⡣
뵽ЩȥˣΪȷĻҶǴĻ
ҶɫЩ԰ףҶŭ죬ҪҶѧѧһľһɷµңηηβŲһ
ҶλҶŭܵ˼ֻصǰ첻µزµ
ǣܽˣ
ҶҶҶѪԵĺӣԴҶﴳٴҶһƴ˾ǡ
뵽ҶҲȻˣҶΪ壬ԼҪһҲΪƴһˡ
ʮʥͬʱ䣬ϢǺӰʯ֮ǰʮΧ۵ǣȻ
Ϊ׼棬ɽүүǺ̫ϴǧˣ̫ظһͬ
ʯ޹֣ǧһ԰ף˫Ŀ֮ͬҪһ㡣
Ȼתǧ˵˫ĿҶŭˣֲѹҶеϷ·𱳸ɽһ㣬֨֨죬ȻҪ¡
ҶսʿͷһŭǼ̫ϴϣǹҲΪ
Ȼ¹һֶǵ裬Ҷӣ̵ġ
׳ϣҪΪҶŭǿѹŭһ
Ϊȼ壬кʸǰԹԵظϷȥǧһ˫۽ضҶŭ
ҶŭǵĿⴥʱһʹͬʱһһѪ
ֱ̫ҶҶŭѪæһѷסǧ˺
ȻҶȼ壬ûй涨ȼ岻ǰοҶҶӣʸûǹۿȨǧ˽ⷢӣҶ塣
̫һССңûʸָֻţϷǹ͸ҹǧŭȵ
˵һ֣ҶʱһεУɳѪ磬ѾԹȥ
˵ǸƴˡҶ˫Ŀͨ죬һǧ˳
ߣ·ϣ󣬱ͽѹǧŭһһֻƾճ֣䣬ǿֲȻء
ǧˣԽȨˣ
һֻӹǧ˵Ĺ£һŻ۵ˣǰ


414 
˼˳֣ʱ˷һ
̫ϳϣ
Ǻĵӣֻ̫ϴϺϣȴ֪
̫϶Ͽȥֻʮ꣬һһƵƣ˸оǸƢܺõˡ
κֻǽѵһЩĿͽòְɡǧ˼ˣһ˿ɵȻǿӲ
κ΢΢һЦҶһǧĽˣûҪӣ㻹ǻȥɣ˺Ҷļˣһᣡ
ǧһҶŭһۣת뿪Ⱥ
ŶԶȥıӰκһĨЦתͷҶǧѩŻԲѵҶ죬˹ȥҶĶͷһ㣬Ҷʱתѡ
ڸղŵ£ҴǺҶұʾǸκҶŭ΢΢һǷ
Ҷŭæңң̫ˣ
Ҫ֪̫϶ϣʥߴܣҶһȼ壬ʵϲһ𣬹ʶЩϻ̳Ͽ֡
Ҷ峤Ҫ̫Ʋ޴󰭣Ǽۿɣұ֤鷢ˡκ΢΢һЦ뿪

ڣκվһԣǰˮ޺ۺԪʹߡ
ĺܺãǵðжסҪݾߡˮ޺۵
ǡκ
⣬˰бһҶ֮ˣҶ֪Լ裬ҪǺƷˡˮ޺ۺȻЦ
κһ㶣ȻЩ죬ǴӦ
κߺˮ޺۵Ԫ֣˵ǵҪȵʲôʱŶ֣
ԪʹߵҲ̫һжڵ˵ƿ֮УҪİţ
ˮ޺۵˵ͷû˵˼ָֻֻ̣ϱߵӣֻʮڷ⣬ĶѾ

ҶƯڰգĴϢţûϵһȭȻһӽԼеȫĹ⡣
֮ǰһȭʱڣ຺ʹһȭֱĿ¡
ĵҲ£һȭ嶼޷֣ǻһС֧ţҪȥˡ
һӣҶǰƮļʥֱɽĹǶܡĻ淽שСεһ͸߹ŵı
ЩʥԵ޹⣬ȻҶһȭ˵顣
Ҷһȭ֮£ȫ˷ɻңʥӵһ𣬱һƬ
Ȼ֪һȭΪֲҶﵣ޷սʤʥĺϻȻ塣
ĸ֮£һȭԶԶسҶ󣬲ɵЩȻȫûˡ
սƷҶɱһŵأæʼָ
Ҷ弫˥һȭȻ͸֧һԹȥ
һȭںϵĿռ֮ʱ֮ͻȫġ
һҶﾪϲķ֣Ժеľı壬Ȼһ˿󣬾Ȼʼָˡ
Ȼڻ޷ͨȴϣǳڴָһ̡
ҶڻָȫҲģһоԲ׶ã򲻳ɹˡ
Ҷɴһ֡ζһȭݡ
ֱһ·򣬶һע˼Ϊܼĵشȥŷ֣Ȼħ޲䡣
ʶ۲һ£Ȼ֣һʮħޣھʮͷ
Ҷ΢΢һЦΪѾ죬޽ӽ۷״̬
˵ħȺȥһȺħţޣ˫Ǻ˸졣
䣡
Ҷһȭһڵħţɱϲķ֣Щħţ󣬵ǹԼʲôв
ٻɱͷħţ֮ҶԸоһ겨һЩҶԺеľա
ﲻɵ˷ܵĴУɱȺʥ֮󣬾ڱԱܵаˡ
ҲԤʾţֻҪҶﲻͣռа꣬ò˶ãͿˡ
ԴӾ˯Ҷ͸оԼʧȥĹǣΪ̫ʣžش𣬾ϻشҶҲ̤ʵܶࡣ
ۣ
䣡
򽣹ڣ
Ʒ籩
һսҹҶŽħţ¾һգеԼΪѾﵽ۷壬ʱͻơ
ҶؽѹסˣҪѹֺıԼĸ
ӣҶûмɱħޣǿʼԴȣʮͷڵħţȻʱȫԹ⡣
ʮͷħţ¶֮Ҷһͺȣٻ󰵽ʱҶ˫ȭѾֳ˰ɫ
ٺ٣ڽڶ׶ˣ󰵽ʵ̫ˡͭսͿӲƴսǿȣͭսǿӦÿʥ˰ɣ
ҲûٵԼĲȻһʱ䣬һʱһҲ˷ѡ
Ҷӣǲͣɱ¾ͫͣҲʼֳ˹
䣡
ʮҶҲѹƲסڵһѹõըҩڱ
ֲϢϯķ𶯾Ҷﵫľ緭ݣ糤ӣÿתԪܸ
ͬʱҶڵС籩ǵʮҳһЩϪïܵɭ֡
ʱҶܵԼÿȥС磬ֻҪһӣ׶
Ҷ巢˷츲صı仯Сȹȥʮ˵Ҳȹȥʮϡ
ϲһ֮Ҷѹе˷ܣոս벽ԼĿ껹кԶʰһ黳ͼϱʾһͼĵطȥ

ʯϣʱҲûʥְ¼Ȼʱܹˣûһߡ
ȴ˲죬εռŵһλӣһʮ
ڶλǺʥŮ磬һٶʮ򣬸ŵһŲСĲࡣ
Ҷְʮһ򣬲Ҫ˵ְϣľҶ
Ϊȶÿλֱ֮󣬾ͻһʱͣͲǰߵķ׷׸ϳ
ΪҶﲻ꼻һ֮󣬼֮ҶͻȻ
ȻֵȥȻִҶδ֮λþþ޷
ΪĻԭֻжʮһӴʮһһӰѲˡ
ΪĻֻ֣ʮ򣬻Ҷһ룬һʱ׷
Ҷﲢ֪ҶˣΪֹɽʽĴڿĳ
һ·֮ϣûжһЩɢħ޳֣ǶǸ򼲱
ʱ䣬㱼ǧ·̣ڵĿĵأǸһԲǧĺڶ
ٺ٣ǿռͨˣֻҪͿԽħ磡
ҶǸһĨ΢ЦûаɣһͷǸռͨڡ


415 Ыʨ
Ҷռͨһ̣Ԫʹߺˮ޺۶һ
ҶҪǸռͨħ磬Ǳ߿оŽħްˮ޺۾
Ҷﲻðʧˣн·߾ͿԿֱȥģȻѾ֪Ԫʹҡͷ
⻹ǳţ»ҵȽħ磬ҲҪСʲôˮ޺ۿЦ
ϧħҵ̾޷׷ˣǿ֣ͨ׸ʲôԪʹ΢΢һЦ
ҶռͨһƬȶĿռ䣬ʱŤʱѣʱ򻹻һռѷ졣
ʶȫɢҶﲻòСʹһռѷɣҲǱɡ
ڿռͨǺܳҲͼľ룬ǰֹ֮Ҷһ
ǰһҶȻ֣һĵ磬ΪĲаΪϾȻžŸ̫
ִҫŴأǺһƬżΪ񱩵Ϣ
Ҷոս͸оһĸ꣬ɱгɱ¾
вɵһǿĿ񱩲ʲôҲÿѪˣѹЩħûһ˿ǣ֪Ҳˡ
񱩵˲ݻһеһеУҲԼ
ûҶϸǰأһɵĹſѪڣҶ
߳ͷ­Ľţβȴ岻ɱ
ͷ߾ȻڵʵҶﲻɵһճͨħˡ
ۣ
ܹǸ޴ͣһն䣬ߵͷ­նҶﾪǣͷɫķһħǿ١
ֽħ޵ľڳʬ壬ҶƲƲ죬ʬõһѾԹһοˣⱲӲٳˡ
Ҷǰȥǰ߳һɽ꣬Ҷǣɽ֮УȻ˺ɫĹ
໣
Ҷոɽ֮УǰȻܳһɫʨӣֻʮɣһֲϢҶͷ
Žħޣ
ǺȻһͷʥ߼ħޣϢ纣ֻ۾ͬһҶȫѪ
ҶﾪǣͷʨӾȻһʮɵľ޴βǷЫӵβ͡
Ыʨ
ҶһħҲʼѪˣ

ûҶõ𰸣ͷЫʨצѾҶ䡣
ҶһȭӳӲǸצ֮ϣһɴؿһʹ˱ˡ
ǿ治ǾŽħޣ

ûҶлָһȷϮ޴βѾҶš
δǹζѾҶԴ΢΢ѣΣʧȥ֪
Ҷд󺧣Ķԣæܿһ
䣡
ǸβƲصڵϣֲѣҶҲɡ
壡
ҶﲻҵЫʨֲ̫ˣвпܶС
飡
ҶһȭͷЫʨצϣʹǾŽħޣҲܲҶǿһ
ͷЫʨʱŭһҶ˫צ޿ڼһβҶչһ籩һĹ
飡
䣡
첻Ҷ˫ȭ裬죬ʱȭӵ쾡£Բʮһ޿ӡ
໣
ͷЫʨȻһȫëͷϾȻһ·
Ǹ·֣ЫʨƱǣҶһЫʨȻ˴С
ǸЫʨ˴֮ƱǣҶʱоΪ
򽣹ڣ
֮£ҶȻٻ齣һȭסЫʨĹ֮󣬾޽նЫʨĲ
ۣ
ǸЫʨûκζܣֱӱնɱУҶﾪǣһȻֻпһƤ⣬Ȼ޷ɱ
໣
ЫʨʹӷŭӷһʱҶﱻˣ϶ľצץ˼طѪ죬Ѫⷭ
ҶİսûдﵽԲڻ޷ٻսõͭս޷Žħ޵צ
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ҶﲢûָһܹʲôЧܹסѾǳ⡣
򽣹ڣ
̸ո£Ҷĵڶ£¹֮ûһ˿
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򽣹ϳɵľ޽صЫʨͷ­ϣѪɽЫʨͷ­ϣһɼǵ˿ڣһûи˺
Ȼûнɱǿֲͷը˶ͷ­һ
䣡
ҶһȣһʸһףЫʨͷ­
ǸЫʨʥӲȵͷ­ᴩһڴһ
ҶԶԶطϰգͷȫǺˮһķ
ʹ֮߷Ǻķ
ҶﾪǣѪɫΪǿԼʹöܹգתȥ
ղһҶ˳ɵһǲܳɹҶֻܵͷˡ
ϵЫʨΪǿʹͷ­ᴩɷһʱ䣬һƬ棬Żȥ
ҶһڿˮȻԼʵǿ󣬵һŽħޣЩ
ܹ֮ɱȫΪûаǣöܺʹս˺пԼ
ɱͷʥ߼ħ޺һɼΪŨҶա
䣡
ҶڷһԭѾһյ˲䱻
ССûκα仯ֲȴСԽȻ
ͻˣ
ɱһʥ߾ħޣȻһӽΪȹ磬ǰ벽ˡ
¾ʵ̫ˣһٶȣҶˬĲѵ
ϵЫʨʬСػصռͨħսȫЫʨƤȥëϴɾ붦
β£ǱҶ˼ħ޲һ£ϱߵĶΪԵ
κħж̻״̬ǻңڵħޣҲûа㷴ء
ҶƾǾŽħޣһϣҲһӰ죬ԼȡĻᡣ
Ҷ˷ܲѵǣȻֻ񾭣ûκ˺Ҳ˵ԣõʳж
һʱҶｫһͷЫʨͷȫװԼĶӣľӡ
Ҷ󰵽˵ڶ׶Σһ࣬ʼ
ҶһѪľͱһΣҶ󰵽˵ڶ׶κ󣬾Ȼֿʼ䡣
θϴβһϢнеģ󰵽Ѿ˱죬һδ֪ķչ
Ҷ۾ı仯иֵȫǿȡ
Եӣˣ


416 һ
ҶɱͷŽħ޵ʱ˺䶯
ʲôǲʯʾ󰡣ҶĻôһӱһ֮ࣿ
ôܣʯɵ˵ĵߣ꣬Բġһλڵӿ϶ĵ
ңҶĻôһӱһ㲻Ҫңһɱһͷڵħޣ
ǸӶʱƿԣһɱϰٸڵħޣǲܵ顣
Ǻħ޴ĽΪֹûκһħȺӵһͷڵħޡ
ΪκһħȺһһ󣬾ͻһͷ죬һͷħ޾ۼһĻǾ˵ǺڣһŽħޣǺԲ鷢ġ
Ǻĸ߲㣬ûг˵ħսڣûг־Žħޣû취ش
ĵըʱڣԪʹߺˮ޺һ𾪡
Ϊֻ֪׻ɱʲôħޣŻһ֡
ҶȻɱһŽħޡˮ޺ۿŻҶЫʨʬԣһ鴤
Ƕ͹ҶƾʵսĻǲܻɱһŽħ޵ģЫʨӵԶѪͳһʥҲѽնɱԪʹߵ
ħޱϾûǻۣл¼㹻ǿ󣬻һ˿ġҵҶϣȻףֻвʮ꣬һ֮սɱϣ˵ǴʬɽѪ֮ɱǿߡܹԱԼǿľŽħޣܹѵͷԣץסݼŵʱ侲
Ȼ˶ʥ龳ǿߣɱʥ߳ڵľŽħޣҪ̫
ҶʲôΪԱԼǿĶ֣ʱɥȴʼղ©ץסᣬһŽħ޻ɱʹ˵򶨣Ҳˡ
ĸţʵϧˣɵ֮УԿǳɳɼΪֲĴڰˮ޺۵
Ҳ֪ǵ˵ѵʾҲˣҲΪԪʹ̾Ϣһ
Ĳܸıһˣʵ˶̾Ϣˮ޺۸п
İɣŵһİţǻǾɡԪʹߵ
Ҳֻˡˮ޺۵һ£㲻˵ؿ̡
ʾһλ£ʮεذռŵһλá
ڶλҶһپʮ֣ոձһֻ֣еλˡ
Ҷ磬һپʮ֣λӵλҶĻֻһѡ
λԵƳǣһʮһλʥ֮ʥӣʵΪǿ
λǰλǲԵʥŮλѩ壬Ϸɵ֣Ȼڵʮλӡ
ʥһƬڣеĵӶʯǰʮ֮Уʥؾռһ룬½ѩҲŵģֻûǰʮѡ
ŷǡ徲ĿʯĿȫ˷ܡ
˵Ҷ÷һˣûĵļһ᲻Ǹˡŷǿʵ֮ȴεĽš
İɣҶԸ㻹˽⣿Ի㸺ġָŷǵǰ̸Ĺۣͱھˡ
ŷһƬ糺죬ŭСѾͷԽԽˣȻҵϷ㣬ôʰ㣡
æץԼҸµ֣һ壬æҪ۸
ŮͬеĺʱЦ

ۣ
һһŽħ޵ͷ­䴩һͷһΪǿЫӰ첻ǺܴԵʱʱ䶼
Ҷ֪ۼħޣڶصĵֿߣ׼һĹɱ
ѾҶɱĵͷŽħˣΪҶ﷢֣ԾŽħ޵⣬Լ弱ǿ
ʹ󰵽֮ɫԸ壬ûеԲ֮磬޷ٻս
ֻħʮΣյ飬ȻħޣȺǵжԼ
Ǽҵսʱǻǿħ޵ע⣬ǰҶһŽ׳ڵħսʱŵһǿħޡ
ǸħһͷʥڵħޣΪ൱ʥ龳ǿߣҶﱻͷŽħ޼лû䡣
Ҷʹ壬ʹ˾һֻǸͷŽڵħܾˣǱӻħսסһС
Ϊħͨռ䲻ȶһʥ߼ħ޽룬ռͻᷢ΢ıڶǾŽħޣһ룬Ҳ
ħеħޣǲռͨģͷħ׷ռͨڣһСľͱռѷ롣
ҶĿͷŽħڶһɿֲ⣬һʱ侪ͷ
ڿ˺ڶĿֲôǿħޣһ˲串ɻңԼͨͨΣ붼һͷƤ顣
ԼΪֻѣռ̫󲨶Ҫȫ࣬ϴԺҶԽС
ͷ۲ãΧûǿŽħ֮󣬲Ŷ֡
ʬպãҶＱٱؿռͨħսȻɱ˽ԼѾһ룬һŽħ޾̫Σˡ
ʱţҶﲻͣ͵ԾŽħޣ֪Ѿȥ£мʱ䣬ʱ̡
µʱ䣬ҶҲ֪Լ͵ԵĶֻŽħޣֻ֪ûʳ˾ȥŬôʱһֱûϹ
µʱ䣬ҶﲻͣɱΪѾ죬󰵽Ҳǽڶ׶δԲٻս
һǰЫѾһգŽħޣȫƾʵսǿɱ
ȻЩ˰ս֮Ҷսһǰδеľ磬ȫоŽ׳ڵħޡ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣѾˣΪҶ֣Ѿְףǧ֣߰η
ڶ£ΪһǧŰ򣬵磬һǧ
һڵħޣһ֣׼㣬Ҳ˵Ҷɱǧ߰ٸڵħޡ
ЩɣħսħޣǲǱȫɱˡ
Ϊһµʱ䣬Ҷ⣬˵Ļ֣ļΪȻħ޵ԶԶˡ
Ǻǣ޺ְô˰Ԫʹ΢΢һЦ
˾ˣĿģĸˣţҺ޲һΰˮ޺ûһɥҼΪġ
ٺ٣ҶЩȡˣܹҶһԽռͨҲɼҶԪʹߵ
±ϾŮӣûҶƴľģѿԽǵҶﲻһһͷ׷֪һйˣֻҪԻΪǻĿԴɡˮ޺Щڴĵ
Ԫʹߵ˵ͷȻһ󲨶ʱ䵽ڿԽһĴˣ
˫һ̺ȻһҵĲǺʯǰʮӰƾճ֡


417 սظ
ԭʯǰʮΧۣȻЩӰ֣һۣ׷ͬսҶ
Ҷеӷһ컶ЩӼ˫ͨ죬Ѿʼӯ
ЩҶϤףҶͷһůʲôʱôһֱעԼ
俴үүĸҶ诡ҶǳбˮҶҲһ޵ĳ嶯
Ҷ﷢ڳˣĿ֮жԼϣг˾η֮ɫ
ϴϲ㰡ְһɵġϷɸһ֣ʹµ
ҶﻹûȻػѩҲһ˷ܵҶϲͬʱҲߡ
Ŀ֮ȫҸ֮ɫԭЩҶΪԼԽģڿһжǶġ
ҶôġЩĵ
Ҷһɻʵʲôôģ
ߣװ⣬ǲҵ޵ϳԲŻõô֣
ʳеɻҪ֪¸սħսʱ򣬾һ·ɱǵԺħϡ
¼ӴΧûзִħȺΪƣֻѰһЩ䵥ħޡ
ֱһ£һħ޶ټľرܵߡ
Щʳ⡣
ҶЦһûħսɱħޣҴ˿ռͨȥħ磬ħ޶ɱ꣡
ҶĻͷһΪҲ֪ռͨ˭ҲûǱȥ
Ƕʥ֮ˣǰ˾ͽǣҪԽռͨΪͷħ磬־Žħޣһɡ
Ҷ֪ЩأʱҲŸȾƣͰǺӵĶ̸ǵһɶ
Ҷ֣Ľħ磿ʥ߼ħޣҲˣƳǴʱһԾʵ
ҶҪش𣬺Ȼˮ޺ۺԪʹ߳ǰ˶ʱ
ˣȻȫѾ룬ôڿʼԪʹʱڵ
ԪʹߵĻߴһǺȻɽ˶ûг֡
Ԫʹһ˵ŽĿ⿴ʯֻʯϣѾ޹⡣
Ǵ˿ףΪʲôԪʹ˵Ѿ仰֤ЩѾȫˡ
û˵ľȣԪʹ߼ѾˣҶ¡˻õǰʸǻᱻɵΪĵӣϲǣ
Ԫʹ΢ЦˣҶ˸æ׷׻񣬲Ҷȴû̫ľϲ۾Զߵظꡣ
ͷǿԸǻõĻȥһʱһ˸гһ嵥
ҶĿ⣬Ԫʹ߶ʱ΢΢һЦ˵ֻҪ˵һ͸һᣬھͿԶָ㣡
ҶͷȻˣлԪʹߴ˳ȫھҪظ귢ս
Ļһ䣬ȫԶǧ˺ظɫһŭظһƬɱ⡣
Ԫʹ˵ҶһսظĻᣬʱ˭Ҳûϣսʥ߸죬ҶΪûһϣ
ظΪǺ̫ϣλ磬һСָսǶļ衣
Ҷ峤ջսҶŭҶĻŭڽԼ͵Է
ҶҡҡͷүүˣⲻѪգһذɣ
Ҷˣһսʼκ˶ܲ֡Ԫʹѵĵ
ˣʹߴ˳ȫҶһȭ
ãȻˣǾͿʼɣ
˵껰Ԫʹߴһӣռһ󲨶һԲ̨ڰ֮С
ҶǣǸ̨ȻһΪǿʥ쳣ʥϱսҲܽ𻵡
ȻҪͳȫ㡱ظҲͲסһȽ̨֮ڡ
ظ룬Ҷ΢΢һЦʾǲõģҲ̨
ҶսظϢǺȫˣǵӣˣܵȫĶˣǧˣ̨Χס
̨֮˶ظһ㻹ǹ׳յģȻԴսʥߣСϷˣ
ҶһƬ䡰ϼһﵽ㻹򣬽ҾΪҶȥʿǣȡĹͷ
ܹ֪Сȥ±ȥɣ
ظ˵껰һεƽҶȻ
ոսҶ֮һȭгһѳǰѳһ֣ռ䶼ʼŤȻʥı
ȻظѾŭҶκλᣬһоͽҶڽ¡
һлʯ쾪ʥ֮ԣйս֮ˣľǸ޷ֵ
ǿֲʱɫһƬ԰ףѾڣһûκλĻᡣ
İɣҶﲻ³ç֮ˣο
˵ͬʱµĿУһͼ֣ضųڵĶˡ
ս֣
ҶһͷǧɵӰ֣һ𶯲񷣬Ҷ˰ɫ
ҶٻսһǿĲֱͬ̨޷ǹϢ
ʱҶپ죬ӻһƬ֮ɫʣִգҫݡ
ûκζĶһȭ
䣡
Ҷȭͷظʥײһһ󣬿񱩵ظɡ
飡
ظ굹ɵ壬ײ̨Ŀռϣռ䱻һƬûκ𣬷ظѪ硣
һȭرɫ²ɵ̨˶һƬžֻѩϷ˫֮һƬȣϴԶ޵еϴ
ǵ𣿡Ҷ˫Ŀ֮ȫǾ֮ɫҶǿѾ˵

˴лָҶĵڶȭͷûиظκδϢĻᣬ
ظ屻ҶһȭɢˣոջָͼҶһȭ
ҪֵȻؿһʹһȭͷѾϣֲݣѪ顣
Ҷһȭˮ޺ۺԪʹ߶ˣҶһȭǰҲùڵһȭѾܹȭ֮УʥҲ޷ֵ
ظҶȭУǱ֣Ȼûһ˿֮Զսǧ˲ɵɫ䡣
սǧˣҲȫɵˣԽսǴûһ߾Ȼһʥ߻ˣһѹʽĻˡ
ʱ΢΢һҶԽԽǿˣ֮һƬж֪ҶôǣкܴһԴԼ
ظȻαУȻһֳһʮҵĻ䡣
֮
˷˾ϳ仨Ǵ֮Ҳʥ֮һʥȫ
ȥ
ظһŭеʥ߸߾𣬿ֲѹ俪ϵƶ䶼ˣҶݺ¡


418 նɱʥ
ˮ޺ۼظ꼤˴֮ȫ߶ʥɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҫ֡
ȻԪʹߣֽסΪɲҡҡͷˮ޺ֻ¡
ӭظ꣬ҶһɫȻüΪׯϣжһѱ
˵ɽжõǬµ͸߹ţǶºɽ͸¶ŹӵϢ
ѵǧ˶ǰõıһֱ֪Լ֮һֱҲûһͣѱһֱ⡣
Ϊ˻ɱҶˣʹѱȡû뵽ǣɽȫɱѵҶС
ָ죬ǬµȻܵĳǣȻ˺ϵͼ
ͼͬʱֲĵ⣬ֱ죬Ʋ񷣬ǹն־ͷ
˾ѩ壬˫Ŀ¶ϲ֮ɫҶϣܵǰδе⾳ǰԶ·;
ˮ޺ۺԪʹ߶һۣԷе𺧣Ҷﲻ˫ޣȻһͣҵ֮š
ý֮򽣵Ľͣǳϡ٣õ֮˱Ͳܹ࣬򵶵֮˸Ƿëǣǧδܳһ
ҶǳһͣԼĵ⾳Ǭµ飬ǼΪµ顣
ΪʥֻҪӵ㹻ͿʹãҪӳҪõϿɡ
źǣʥ鼫Ϊ߰ײһ˳ԴˣֻܷʥС
ҶԼĵ⾳ʥȡһ˿ϵõΣŻᷢô𺳵ĵ⡣
ظҶȻܹʥ飬д󺧣æȫעʥ֮Уûһ˿ȻѾעһ
Ҷûпظ꣬񶼸Ǭµϣ˿ҶѾΪһ壬ֱ˴ˡ
ն
ҶһеǬµգǳŲ
䣡
һ촫̨ʥ޷ɿֲϢɢ
ˣлصϢ˶ɫ԰ףҪײУȻΪɻҡ
գ
ԪʹߴһУǹˣһɹգûһ˿й
ʱʱȥ̨ڣֻ̨ڣ˶飬Ǳ
ظڵϣ˫ĿһֱѾʧʥڵϡ
һЩǿߺȻ֣ظڵԪҳһţȫ߶ʥΪûеõϿɣܵ˷ɡ
ҶȻǱһЩһûи̫˺ϢҲֻ΢һҶѣûд󰭡
еĳŵ棬ظ𣬳صĽŲͷһ¶
ˣ֪˴ˣ²ʱǧҲ̲סȵ
ΪͿظܵʥķɣԪһţ˵һָûˣʶڡ
˴ˣҶߵظǰһЦؿǧ˵仰˵ҺЦݺҶ弸ʮӵʱô仰ñ޳ֶܵΣһ¿Ůӣ޾ίȥɽǸ˵飬ôû仰ˣҲøǺҶңͱҶĺ
ۣ
䣬ظͷһʥߴܣʹ䡣
ȫһƬžֻҶ֮˽սȭͷڱˡ
ĿᣬԼΪҶһУҶﶼؼУԼܵһжֵˡ
㡭Ѱ·ǧһڱߵıԵ
вңҶһУɱ֣ԪʹߵԸǧһս˳ȫ
ҶĻһ䣬˵һҶ̫Եˣɱظ껹㣬Ȼֱսǧˡ
Ҫ֪ǧ˿ǽʥ߾ǧ֮ã۳֮޽ӽʥ龳ǿߵĴڡ
׼ҶѾгˣѰ¡ԪʹľܾҶ
Ҷ˵ͷûб粵䣬Խ̨Ҷǰ
ҶǧѩҶҲ̲һѱסʧʹ޵ӣ֪֪ﶼҪˣ
İɣѾˣЩʲôﶼҶЦŰο
ҶǺģҶĶԺ󶼻ΪĿŬеġҶŭһҶļ
ҶҶǷһ󻶺Ҷȫǳ羴֮ɫҶѾΪе񻰡
ˣ˶ɢȥɣ߶һ꽱󣬷Լšǰߣһºǰɵʱ˽Ӵǡ˵껰Ԫʹߺˮ޺ʧǰ
ǧ̨ظͷ­ʬע⵽ǣǧ˵ϾȻ¶ظ顣
ظʬǧ˿Ҷһ۵ΪΪڵģ
ϰ׳գϣǺϱ߻ڣޡҶﻹû˵Ϸɿȥˡ
֪Сһ֪ϷϷģǧ˶ƲסԼʼ÷ŭ
һ죿˱ϹϴĻ˵һԴϰӣ˵ԵöݶϽ߶ˡϷһмĵ
ȻϲмϷֿ˻ڼǧʿǰʹһʥߣޱԺϴ죬ԼԽԽˡ
ǧ˵ķζҪըˣͷ˫յĸֱ죬ԪʹߵĻֻ֣ܶš
ȥƲסԼһ֮ʧڹ㳡֮ϡ
ȻƳҶһȭĿҶָ֮ˣСޱ壬ϣҶԺлᣬܹԵͣʱСܱȻɨԴ
ҶչֵĿֲսλʥӳ۷뵱Լ㱻ɽ£ҶΪУͲһ¡
ûиҶ³ԹҶѾɵɣȻʣǰҶ׼䣬Ե
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻƳмʹ֮ӣ˼ûԼȻҲϡ
ֿˣԺлȻȥ߶ţ
ҶﲢûΪ֮ǰ鲻죬ƳǼΪˣ˾ͲҶˣСиǣ
Ƴ֮󣬱ԭѩֻʣˣΪɵĿҶһۺҲ뿪ˡ
Ҷ﹧ϲ㣬չ£ĺ޲㣬ϲϲ²֪ʲôʱվĸߣŮһ𣬴ʱҪʾԼףء
类˵ͨ죬˫ְŪ½ǣҿҶ
һЦݣҶﲻЩͷƤ飬Ըȥǧ˴սҲ
֣ȴĿţôҲȥ֣Ѿ̫ˡ
ѩ̣㿴Ҷﰡ˼ҶôƤףȻǶ˼ءĿת֮ȫί֮ɫ
Ҷ⺢ôôûòϽ¶֡ҶǧѩһֵĿҶ
Ҷһ죬һҧӲͷƤµ֣ոմļҶﱾܵؾ뽫ջء
ϣһץסҶĴ֣괫뽫˦


419 
Ҷﾪǣ޹ǵ֣Ϊûرķӳ
ҶԼĻµ֣Ҷǧѩʱ©Цݣ͵͵Ҷߵ¶ǸúӣشԲŮ֮ڣӵĺӣԸҺúϧÿ
ȻҶ˵ģڳˣΪεȸһֲڶС
ʷһ죬ҲǱĿҶҶ޲굽طȥ
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Ҷһʱʹر۾ӵæԼҲݽˣɴһ仰Ҳ˵
ҶҶ︸ӶˣҶǧѩѵͨ죬ŮһЦ
ҶЩʼղͬǲЩʧҶǧѩǶһڴĿҶ
ȻһתһָһҶĸ첲Ҷ㲻Ƿ治аɣ
Ҷ޲ҸطȥԼӦܸЩŮӷϵãԼĵĲʧȥȡ֮ġ
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Ҷ˵ԼвѵĿ֮ʱɵ˸ԼĳȻͷһʹ
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̨ϣɱظ֮󣬿ǰʥԼһˡ
ȻҶ￴һ۾һתԪ
תԪǰ˽׵ҩǸǿ߷õģǿߣһ׵ʱҲ˵һߣֱڡ
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ҶǴҶ诺ҶǳҲһŵģŮ˶ˣҶǧѩµԶŮջ
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Ҷｫʶ󣬸˷ԲԶǿߣ߻£Ȼ뾪ǣҪһ򾡡
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ձһʱ䣬ǰһӰҶЦϷ˵ڵģϷ㳢ʲô


420 ƴһս
Ϸ˵ڵģϷ㳢ʲô
һԹҶǰһλߣǺ̫ϴǧˡ
Ļ䣬ӰҶΧס˵ĳ֣ضˣȻǽƬռˡ
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Ҳһ򣬲Ѿ˸ߵĲΣӰ˶ֵ
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ΪֲвҶʥ龳ǿߵȫһֻӲӡ
ʱҶͬս񣬴һţս߬ȭͷʱؿʼĲ
ȭͷϣֲڲͣתתռ俪ʼݣҶӰҲŤ·һ㡣
ǹȭͷʱеĿռ䲨ֹͣˣҶһȭƽƽӭǰй
ҶȭͷײǸƺʧȥֻĹâںһ𣬽ŷһܽ˶ı졣
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Ҷｫ齣ںϡһҲ˵ι֮齣ʧ
ҶԼΪԵġ顱ںϳ齣žлص
߲ɵúȻȻӦһĿֲ֮ǰһȭҪֲ
ħ塱ʱԥʹ˵ƣ޾ħڣͬʱгһħͷ­ӭҶľ޽


421 ħ
ħ壡
ʱԥʹ˵ƣ޾ħڣͬʱгһħͷ­ӭҶľ޽
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飡
εıȸղŸð﷽ԲĴضݣ
Ҷʮ齣ںϳɵһѾ޽ֱնߵľħͷ­նɱǰ

ҶΪһԽ߻ɱ֮ʱһħͷ­סһ
ʱһںľȻըͲһ
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Ȼסˣܵ˼ˣΪıʥˡ
ΪħǿߣǵıþħͷǼɣҪԼȫѪȥΪǿ󣬿һҲܵص˺
ۣ
һѪԺ֮һƬʹͷ­һʹĺУΪħͷ­֮Уһڡ
һʥ龳ߣһӣеǸħͷ­һҶ
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Ҷ̤ɽſȫۣ·һ״硣
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뵽ħĿֲǸʥ龳ߣЩɫ԰ס
ǧ˵ʥ˷ģħ˾ԲǵģղսʱҿӰ񣬽ս涼¼ҶĿֲս㲻ǽҪպɳĸ󻼣ħ˵Ӣôήأ
ǧ˵ĻǸʥ龳üͷ΢ɢȻĲ٣ǧ˵ļͷϸģµˮ©λȥҶȻħǰԼ䣡
ǧ˸æǰȫƾ࣬ڴ˵Ӣ쵼֮£һλֲţΪһĸ󻼣СֻȣʵڲҾӹ
ǧⷬǸʥ龳ãǧôʶȤȥܷǲˣӦûܵν
ϾҶܻɱʥ龳ǿߣպɳֻӿֲȻһۣɱһţǻġ
Уʥ龳ߣǧ뿪ϿȣɭĹȿڣһħĿ档


422 ĺ
˵һˣֱҶָķȥʮľ룬ǰһӭ
С־ܣ
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ֺ֮󣬺ߺȻͷϵĶƿͷϺȻֻǡ
ħ壡
޾ħӿеĶ˶ĺУʧС
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˶ǺһҲҶսظ꣬ΪֲʥӦҲһƴ֮
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콣ӰϮǺ߷һЦһƷ缤ϷɵĽӰʱɡ
ոϷɵ齣ͷЩԾˣΪ֪ʱѾ˰Χ
ѩȫǧɵ߱Ϸɵ齣赲֮ʣݺݹ

ߴһǰһħͷ­ײеĹϣһ󣬼ȫɡ
˶ʱ÷·ؿڱɽײУǸħͷ­ϵ̫ǿˣ޷
߱˼ŭٲ˻ᣬҪ߶ħɱ
ȻһɼΪĲߺȻ֣Լ֮УȻ޷ƶ
תȥһ˫ĿŮӣǰʮǿ飬һΪµĹ켣ת
ǹĸŮǰĹǿ飬ǿռ֮Ҳʱ֮ȴ̶ܹס
д󺧣黹ǵһæӴҪ֣
ǸһƮƮǰĹǿһҲƮƮɫȻ죬Ƕһ˿Ѫ
ɼȻʹһطǿн߽ԼҲ˼ۡ
ԼЧһϲҪȻһɿֲϢ
¾ظڰգне䵶ԭֻг䵶ʱûһǧӰ
Ӱ֮з·ǳתɽǸӰն֮ضþֹˡ
Բħ
ɫ䣬ʱҪѽѾˣһ߶ħͷǻǰ
䣡
䵶նǸħͷ­֮ϣħͷ­̱гƬžħͷ­ĵֵ߲ûбһٻɱ
Ӱǰ֮ʱѾ֮࣬ʱն

ߴһŤˣǸħͷ­ʱԺз·ֻһ㡣
Ƕ
ΪħһѪͳûΪħͷ­ı϶⵽ǿҷɣŰӣһ䡣
ʱΪ߶˴Ԫ֮һƬ԰ף˫Ŀ֮Уûһ˿ңܣôĿźߡ
ȻһϢϮȺ߷ʱѾ޷ˡ
򽣹ڣ
ˣһ򽣹Ҷ̸ģΪһƣʱó
ۣ
齣һһ£Ṉ̀һնѪ
Ǹ߱նɱ˶һǸ±һ
ҶֱţںҲھǾΣˡ翪ĵĵ
ʱɫһƬ԰ףĿ֮УҲһ˷ܡ
ƮƮʱҲЩҡҡ׹ߵ½ѩһѷסλɱߣĻӢۡ
˷ܼ䣬ȻԶһֱʹﶼɼ


423 ɵ
ϴ壡
ϷɿųĹ˫Ŀ֮ǽ֮ɫΪǶ֪Ҳǿơ
ǰƣⶼܸܵ˵ҶѾʼƴˡ
ȥ֧Ԯ磡
ѩһĳҪ
վס
סѩ˵ȥ·
ϴգȥɩӣǹȥɡϷɫæ
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뺦Ҷ𣿡
һѩ⻰
¿˵ǻҶĿǻƮƮûе˼𣿡
һԼƽƮƮ˵Щоգ˲Ҷ˵Ķã
ʲô˴һϷŭС㣬ΪʲôҪƭǣ
ƮƮ֮ϸһ˿ʹҧҧ´ʲôҲû˵
ǲҪƮƮҶôģҶѡǶԵġµ
˵˵ʲôǶԵģֵܣҪһΪʲôҪϴһðա˵ϷɵѾɿǻ
Ǽ˶ԸһʥߣͲȫûҶԵʥߣлʥ龳ǿߣʮ֮֡
ѩ塢Ҳ߬ȭͷЩɵɵĿԶһʱ䲻֪˵Щʲô
ҶֻẦΪ̫ˣҶԸ񣬱ȻƴǣҶһᶼûˣ
ûϷɵ񣬼ҪľǸϿӳȥ֪ͨǺǿ߹Ԯȷģ
ģߡǿŲ˵
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ϷʹľԼͷޣҶΪ˾ǣԼ֣ȴֻţʹ࣬ͬ򽣴һ㡣
һҧۣǿϣȫٷֱǺ
ţԶĹ𶯣ǵĶҪˡ
ڷɳ˰֮󣬹ˣҶܲˣһƬš

Ȼǰһ󲨶˴һ׷ȫ䱸ֻǰӰ
ţ
ʹߴˣ
˷һгϲúϣ
һˣˮ޺ۺԪʹ֮⣬ǰһۣӺݣȥʮӡ
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ˣЩ˾ǸҶһԶĵӡԪʹ߹ĵ
ɵȨˡɵһۣͷǺӣȻеѪᣬѵã
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Ϸɴϲæ֪˷λɵһӣһɰ֮˰һǰۡ
ٶȼ죬·ɵУֻ˼ʱ͸ϵˡ
ǸеʱսһӰҲûУԲһƬǽ壬ضһЩѪ֮⣬ʲôҲҲ
ɫ˲ʧȥѪɫһ߷ţѾڵء
ˮ޺ۺԪʹ߶һս棬Ƕסˡ
ɵҲһƬݣпһӣ˫ֽӡռһ󲨶
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ȻеҶﱻΧסҶ￪˰սٻ壬һлɱһλʥߣð˺Ȼкá
ˮ޺ۺԪʹҲǴһҶʵصʵ̫ˣȻڶսظʱ򣬻
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ȭʱ⾳
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ҶոճУһʥ䣬ǰһʱ䣬λʥ䡣
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еҶɱ˶֮Ϊʥ龳ǿߵľ죬ʼʥ龳ǿߵȥ
˵Ķᵽɤ۶ˣǧ˺һʥߣݺݵض޷Ҷ﹥ȥʧʹޡ
ֻеҶӰҶڣһ𣬾ݲҡҷ
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ʥ龳֣߳Ҷʹ˾һȭӲʥ龳ǿȫһ
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䣬ͷǼʥ龳ǿÿһιŻصڻпҶѪ龰
ʱҶɱһλʥ龳ǿߣˮ޺ۺԪʹ߾ˣҶ̫£ص̫ˡ
֮ҶɱߺԼϢήңʱ򣬾һͨһʥ߶׽ɱοҪһʥ龳ǿߡ
Ҷﱻ֮󣬾Ȼ˳һ֮ӣ˷һ󻶺¸ϲرһ
׷
˷ӦɵѾˣǰɡ
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һ·ϵϢɵһ·񱼣Ȼǰһɽȡ
ɵɫһ䣬ͣ˽ŲɫΪѿû֮ɫԱ
Ԫʹߺˮ޺ۿǸȿڣɫһƬңгϧ
ô׷ˣϴɽȣϷɼͣ˽Ųæ׷ʡ
Ȼ˶˵Ϸɺѩ嶼һ죬Ǹɽȷæʵ磬ôˣ
˫Ŀ֮ʹ֮ɫҶħӣ
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ãôˡһУɫ԰ףѾԹȥˡ
׷ʣɬħӿţһħ
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˵Ҷʷмλۼ˵ħӣûܹ
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ɵɽȷһ󣬲ת˵Ҷ£ŲжΣΪ˱ʾҶĲҾΪɵĵӣ
ϡϷػӦˮ޺ۺԪʹɫһ䡣


424 ɵ
öԵԪʹߺȵ
񣿹Щ߸ϵУҵ񣿡ϷɴЦƿޡ
ϴǱǺģǰջȥ㵱һжǸж£֪Ǹ׵ĻԴ粻֮Ҵ类ƽħӣǿˣè޺ӼٴȱǶģ
סڡԪʹ߼ϷԽ˵Խ֣ȵڵǼΪͳݣŭ
Ǻ
ϣѩضԪʹߡôԼ»˵ҪڣǾԿֵ¹˭
ѩһ䱸ĿԼһʱ׼ֵļƣԪʹ߲ɵЩЦá
һ̾Ϣɣ֪ǺܱҾͰµʼĩǰɣ
̾Ϣɵһ仰󣬷·ĳħԭߵ飬ʱ࣬ԵҲת
Ԫʹ߻лҪ˵ɵһֹ֣˵ҶҺź´Ľ
ˣɵһǹشٵԭ鱯ߵˣҲˡ
ԭԴӰǰطһƽ֮ʥ½⵽˼ƻ󴫳мϾ
ֹսûսǴһЩżеõġ
Ǵ󲿷ָ߽׹Ѿ׸ʹʥ½н磬ּ١
Ҵ֮ط䣬֮ԽԽϡ٣ԽԽ
ܷ֣ʥ½һӴ󷨸ˣŵ־
֮󣬷ǳ˵ʥ½Ѿһ
Ϊӵǣÿʮ꣬һռͨǿ֣¾ࡣ
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˵ǵǣǷ֣ʥ½һǧٿ׵ɸӣϸСĿռͨγɣһ忪ʼ֡
ǿ߿ʼЩռͨӡСУר֯ǿȥ֯ˡ
ǺǷĿռͨȻԽԽ࣬²˾
֣ʥ½ϣһһشʱµһЩ壬ڰƻ
ùַԴ򴩿ռݣγɿռͨ֡
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ΪǷ֣ÿشٵĲΪħ弤ܼ̳Ž
ħϸǧ˺ظһ˵ʥɵһ֣Ϊǧͨ籨Ѷ
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ı˳һҶĸ˶֪ģ˵ʹɵˣŶԡ
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ĻԪʹߺˮ޺˫ĿһҰοĻܲܡ
ҶΪһţȴΪ¼ܺߣŷֲΡ
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ˣʵҶϴУΪֲ˲ţ֪ܷҲɵϷŷǡˡ
û⣬ֻҪΪ൱Խɵ˲ţɵԥĴӦˡ
˷İɣǵΪֻȶ˸ߣҶ˲Ϸɵ
ãȻˣȻǺһ£һǻȥºһɵԪɣ
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ɵѾλѡˣǽҼҶҵֶҡˡɵ̾˿
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ʦ
޷ֻһЩпˣ߰ɣλȥҪúһˣѡ
ߺħӵĹȿǰɱ䣬ֻ˶֪ڵʲôӡ


425 ħ
ҶϿȺ󣬺ȻȫһһͷӿеΪײһɽͷ֮ϡ
䣡
СɽҶײ˰ߣҶѵشȻԼʧȥ
Ԫ޷ãһͨһ㣬ֻܿȥж
Ⲣѹƣһְ룬Ҷ䣬ͣҶ﷢Լոһһ©̥һ㣬Ѹʧ
Ҷæ̧ͷȥûмǸʥ龳ǿߺǧ˶ˣһ㶡
æһΧĻԼһƬ֮Уֻܿʮĵط֮һƬ
Ҷͷһ⵽ô£һǸɽȣȻǰľɫȫˡ
Լʧȥ䣬ҶȻһöĸ
ԶȥֻһӰ裬ǸӰҶޱȵϤ
Ȼ
Ҷ类׻ΪǸӰǳȻٻӰ˫Ŀʱʪ
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ǸͫһۣҶ͸оһ䣬˫۾֮УһƬնûκζ
ҶĵӣҲŵͷƤըͷҪˣ붼һȭӳ

Ҷֱ۴ǸŮӵ壬ͷ·壬һƬһ㣬ǿȥȴôʵ
һŵأˣǸŮӱһ룬ķ֣ôˣǸӰԶָ߾룬ۿһֱ
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һֻӣֳųһƬڡںˮ֮УҶ񣬿·ֲ
ֻ߶ߣЩˮٻһ㣬Ҷӿ
ˮδһɶϢӿҶ˳ͬʱҲ΢΢ΣȻǺˮǳ졣

ҶһնȻʹԪҶҲΪǿһնˣҲмʮɳǸ
֨
Ǹ﷢һֽУӱ飬ͷܣͬһ㣬С
ĺˣЩҵĺˮҲȥ˻Уָƽ
ҶһԼСУѾСʧȥϵĶȫȡ
һʥԼҲҪͺˮʴģֻʣһѹǼˡ
Щˮȴ󣬵ϿʼڻǱʴһ֣붼һƤ
ԵϵĺһıԼȭ磬ѻǸ
ҶʥСǰţߵһխС·ʱΧĺˮȻͷˮҶ


426 ֲǯ
Ҷ߼䣬ȻΧĺˮǵصĶҶӿֻںˮ֮С
һҶ֪ûô򵥣ȻǸ˿󣬾Ȼٻͬ顣
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ֻΪںˮ֮УſƺˮűüΪֲ͡
һ紺׾죬ʥһӣһεˣϯ˷
䡣
˸ˮ˻ײһЩˮеʱֲײ顣
ЩﱻҶһɱ֮Ҷ̸оһԼѸٱա
䣡
Ҷڷһ죬ȻͻƵ쾳ҶﾪϲǣԼͻƵ죬ԼȻԶһ˿Ԫˡ
ȻܹõĲ࣬ǿʩչһԶսˣԴ߷ˡ
ľ磬أԶҶﲻɵôϲڿһ˿ˡ
Ҷһ·ǰͣܵĹܹ߷ҶѾ˿ˡ
н˼ҶһߺǣߺǵϢȸղǸ˻ҪǿһЩûκ
ߺǣҶﲻ˾һֲǿߣƾ֮ߵʵ
Ҷ˽ħӵϣ֪ħӵĶԶʱڵĴܣԴشٹѾҲû˸ȥ̽ħˡ
亡ǣҶԶʱڵߵʵһߵʶ
Ҷһ·ǰУǰͣĳ赲ҳֵҲԽԽǿ
ӿʼ磬нǧѾ
·ĺԽԽ࣬жûֻһЩˣŵ
ҶʱȻЩûˣӦøԼһ֪ĹԼȡ
ֻеͺͽˣŻʱߣռ˺ܴˣһЩΪǺܸߵˣҲ嵽
ʱҶɫҲԽԽأħ֮Уֻһ·ǰУȻֻе·ľͷпܽ⿪ħ⡣
ŸոտʼѾǿߣﵹˣħʵֲ̫ˡ
Ҷһ·СǰУһ·ϲ֪նɱ˶нǧʱҶյ㹻ͻƵ쾳
ҶܹԪǿһҶĴ
ֻҪԼУôյ͸һˣҲԼϣ뿪ħӡ
ºҶﾭһ·ս߳ǰһƬɽ
ɽֱ޸ָһ㣬һɽǶϵģɽ壬Ҷȫǲ˼顣
ԺиһͼǰľһģһҶ۹٤ĵһعƬ
ΪƬȪ·һɱִսƬмصľһͼǰľȫǺϡ
ͼҶһֱڿռָУҶæǸͼȡϱߵͼ棬ǰľ˿
ҵͼϣһ·ߣֱɽ֮С
ҶǰһԼλãȷһ꣬ǰȥ
Ҷǰ߳˼Ȼ±ߵĵЩԾʥһն
ۣ
Ѫɽһֻǯ棬ҶնأϺɫѪͬŧˮһһɹζƮ
ˣ
һ죬֮ϣϸףǯӵص͸һǵصضҶ
ǰǯֻǵأҶһͷƤ顣
һЩǯϢ󲿷ֶȻʮֻʥ߾
Ѿû·ˣҶгһն䣬ǰǯ棬ͬһ׷ױնء
Ҷǰ˿϶æǰոձǰȻһͷʥ߾ǯ档
ҶҲ룬ݺݵһն䡣

һ죬Ҷﾪķ֣ԼĿɿɽϺһȻǸǯǯӸסˡ
ǸǯҲܣǰǯӣҶһնѣ屻ɽһӡ
Ǹʥ߾ǯһ裬ҶмֻҶϽǯ棬Ѿ˵Ҷϡ
ۣ
ֲǯ˺ҶƤҶѪµǣǾȻ˺ҶƤ󣬷;һ㣬пҶļ⣬ꡣ
Ҷд󺧣Щֻǯ棬ƿԼķ
æͭսȫʱЩҲɣͬʱ˿Ҳڿٻָ
ԭҶٻսģ뵽սǿֲģԼԪΪϡ٣¼ֲ˶ãϿݽߡ
ȻͭսϣսѾԷסǯĹֻҪСǼֻʥ߾ǯͿˡ
䣡
ҶһɱһƬǯ棬ǰһƬռ䣬Ҳ룬ȿ񱼡
Ҷ벻ǣһ·񱼣ԽԽǯӴ
ԭ󲿷ǯ涼Ǻɫģֻʥ߼ǯְɫȻֻʥ龳ǯ棬Ҷɫ䡣
ʥ龳ǯɢĿֲϢҪȵħҪǿ̫࣬Ǹڵܹġ
οôʥ߾ǯ棬ͣ²Ƭ̣ҪԵͷʣ¡
ʱҶҲ˲ôˣǷǯ棬ֻŵͼϱǵ·ߣǰյǯ
䣡
Ҷһնֻʥ龳ǯϣǿõɳȥǸǯȻû˿𣬷֮ǿզࡣ
ۡ
һʥ龳ǯ棬ݺݵײҶϣҶ̱ǯӣϻһһ߶೤Ѫӣ󰵽ӳ֣Ѿնˡ
ҶȻ˴ǲһͷӲƴǹǰƮɡ
ֵûˣܾ֮ܿҪǰӡ
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Ҷﲻҧͼǿ˵ɣյͼһ·Ȼǳôֲӡ
Ҷﵨٴ޾ĳӴҲʼëˡ
м䣬ҶȻоͷƤһըһֻ߶೤ľǯ汻ˣͨƽһ㣬һ֣ͶסҶ
ʥ쾳
ҶҪˣֻʥ龳ǯ棬ˣǳһʥ쾳ǯֱһ˿ϣҲ
Ǹƽһ֣ضһҶﶸȻͬǦһ㣬ٶȿʼ½
Ҷд󺧣ƽȻʹ֮ӣ
ҶҲԪѾӽݽߣſٶȿ˼£ͬһǰ
ǸƽҶɶݣƽɫĳһͬһɫǣҶײٶҪҶ
ҶǸƽתۼһҧʣԪעʥ֮УŻƽݺնȥ
飡
һ죬ҶͬײУ˫۶ϣһѪڵһ׹䡣
һȻҶеʥ飬ҶҲ㱻ĻԹȥоضʧȥ
ҶＱ׹䣬ȻǰһԲСҶҲ룬ֱǸСͶȥ


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һͷУһɱ̹ǵĸоҶий٣һּΪĺ䣬ʱҶѾ˲ôˣֻƴȥ
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ҶǱʮɵľ룬ǯ沢û׷жʱ󶨣ʱȫˡ
ʱŷֺˮ죬ǹɱ̹ǵĺ⣬Ȼֱ࣬ȻҪ
ҶæתԪȻ֣ԼȻԵԪĵļ죬ֲ˼ʱ䣬ͻᱻᡣ
΢˼һ£ҶﻺϸȥСĹ۲ϱǯһһ
ЩƮڰеǯ棬Ҷﻺ˼ɧǸʥ쾳ĳǽضҶ
Ҷ֪ȺǯһΪɵĺˮֻҪ֪ǵ׼ɵʲô̶ȡ
ҶﻺˮֻһҾʱȺǯûзκιֻǶ
ʱˮ¶Ȼ䣬ҶѾҪתԪͿԵˡ
ҶһλãԼʱǰȫģõǯĹ
Ҷ￪ʼָԪһʱҶԪָȻֻּܲҲ˲١
źϵĳȺҶһһ죬һ˳ˮ𣬼俪
֨֨
ˮЩǯæܣдǯܲǱĺˮУһҽУ巢һ̣Ǻˮʴһա
һʮǯ棬˲䱻һգҶҲһǯȻˮˡ
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һҧҶﻺˮ棬һ¶ͷƴǯҶ
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Ҷļ飬¶ˮȾһƬ
ǿ׶Ĵ̹ǵʹҶﲻһͷƴˮȥֱǱʮɵľ룬æԪס壬ú֡
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ȻֻŭˣȻ˺У˹ȻҲܵ˺ˮʴȻ˵
붼һ£ǶˮУ¸ղһѾûˡ
ðһҲֵˣղɱ˴ǯ棬¾ת֮£˴˳ڡ
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֮£ֻ÷Ҷﷵˮ棬ϵĳȺûһ˿뿪ļҶǸһĨЦݡ


428 ɫǯ
Ҷﷵˮ棬ϵĳȺûһ˿뿪ļҶǸһĨЦݡ
ˮ
ҶһȣԲ棬һ󱬷ˮпգ˲佫ϷȺû
ۣ
ǯ淴Ӧ֮£ˮɣΪһƬ̣ԭܲգ˲Ϊ֮һա
һ֮ҶҲ֪ɱ˶ǯ棬ͬˮһ㣬Ҷӿ
ҶڵԪͬһ㣬α죬ҶΪһ;졣
ڵĿԵԪԽԽ࣬ҶдϲԪԽ࣬Ҳͱ־ţҶʹøǿ
֨һŭ˻һɿֲϢڶֻֻɫֻʥ龳ʮֻʥ߾ĳضҶ
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ǶԼҶиһĨ˷ܣȵľʱ
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ƽ֮£ʥ߼ϵǯ棬ײǸˮС
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ǸƽǯӣͬһѩףзǯûʲôҶﲻһ¿ˮ
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Ȼǿ
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ЧҶɴ಻ˣͣؿʼտǯӣͣسԡ
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ȻҶûѧ֮ʹõĹҲΪͨҪĶΪ򵥣ʱһ߳·
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ͲŶԸ㣡
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Ǹͺñʥ˿Ҷ︹֮һʱзӦˡ
һɼΪҶ֫ٺӿҶͷϲ
֮ǰյҪǿ̫̫࣬˵ǰյһߣôյľһʵı仯ûȡ
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һۣεȷɣȻʬںףҶﲻ̣ǰѺ꽣һʬҰ뽫ʬǴߣлȥ뽫ȥᣡ
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ʱ꽣ƮҶǰҶյһɸм֮飬ͬʱԼԼһУҶͷһ
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430 
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СҶۡҶæ
ҲˣȻҲѡе֮ӣҶһֻҶ￴ˣȥˣ֮ӣǱ˹ȣǱĻˣʱֻһˣܴܲؿҪ컯ˡ
ǰΪʲôڿ˵ԼĻˣѵҶʵ
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Ҷļ߰ɣȻһ޷ͷ·ֻȥˣϷһΣ
˵껰Ҷǰȥ


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飬Ҷǰнн;һֻȶҶ
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ȻܹԪԭֻȣûг֣ҪҶôԸ
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Ҷֵܲ˼һˡһˬʵĴЦ󣬺Ȼ˫ۣëرסȻһĲ

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433 
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ŭŭЩѪ㴥ãԼҲΪһˣǴۼǿߣûʸΪˣֻܻһ»Ұ

Ҷﱩһ˫ȭͬ籩һ㣬ΧȭӰ
ȭͷɳһ㣬缤Щˮ޷͸
ҶһϲԼͿԹȥˣȻ屻һƣҶƮ˶档
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Ҷô˵СҲ̲ס˵Ҷﻳﺿ
ҶҡҡͷŮ˹ȻˮľǰޣҶļ밲ο䣬Ȼһ
Ȼ֣֪ʲôʱԼֱϣȻʼһϸϸĺë
Ҷ۾һٿԼƣԼĲûۻԼֱ϶һëһĹϸëȻֳһЩ
ʹҶ𾪣ҲӡˡһӣһƬհס
ѾСˣʲôʱմȾѪˮأ
Ҷ￪ԼʶʼϸԼ壬ȻԼıϣһ죬͸·Ƥ
Բ𣬴磬С̫ûˣʲôûﵽ磬ѴˡСҶĻĵؿ޵
ҶСļС첻Ҫѹ˭Ҳ֣ȽʶϢһ£
ҪŴ磬ˣСҲˡСץҶ·ôҲ뿪
Ҷ΢΢һЦ粻ģİɣҪһҰͬˣǾͿ뿪ˣӣ޷취
𣿡
Ȼģʲôʱƭȥ㡱ҶһСӣǿЦ
ţλģ
СҶʶҶһһƨڵϣڿƣֻϱߵëѾһ糤ˡ
ϧϣûëҺģû˼˼ܴμҶԳЦһ£ǰѪһʱЩ
ȻҶߴһңԶٻҶＤһսȻ֣ԼѾѪԱߣڲ֪ʲôʱѾ˵ϼԱĵط
磬С캰ѾˣôءСĿҶԺ
ʲôѾˡҶһ
ǰСʶѪأ߶һֱ㣬ʼղش𣬴磬Сú£
²£ǴˣԺ󲻻ˡҶæοС
ʱҶԴ˷·һŽһ㣬ԼжȻһ䶼ûУȫһƬհס
Ҷѵһڿˮ˵龰С콫ԼѣΪԼոձūۡ
ʱ䳤ԼȫʧȥԼʶҪĺˣԶ޷ѹˡ
뵽Ҷﲻ󼱣Ҷת֮壬벻ǣ֮ȫĺë䡣
ûҶϲϵĺëۿɼĳˣұ֮ǰïʢ
飡
ҶһȭݺݵʯϣƿڴֲڣҪë
ߵǸѪرϣһԾǸѪزûκηӦҶдϲҲȾܣֱǰȥȻѪزңҾͼߣΪһëˣҲǿɣ
䣬ҶԺдһ˿Ϊ΢Ĳע޷֣ҶȻͣ˽Ųһ

ȣҶﶸȻѹԼֻصˣԱĵط
أ磬ˣѾεˣСú°
СֱӴҶռ˳Ҷﺿ
ҶﱧС죬ҳһ飬ĶԼȻû취
С΢ȶһЩҶｫƭصʶڡ
ǰѪأҶҲԽˣһԽԼһ¡
ڶԽһλԼ˹򣬽ֵ֪¡
һԽ֪ԼҪòŻֻԶ޷
뿪ôȥҳȻôȥˣشϾҪˣϾͻḲ
ҶԺУ·𿴵ԼȥһƬǽ壬ԼϤȫսĻ棬ҶＤһս
̫ˣܲҪϿȥ
ҶŬԼľһһεȥ㣬ʲôܹë䡣
м䣬СҲʱˣûһ˿ļء
ʹҶԸҲ޲ߣʱһһȥҶԽԽ
ԽԽ벻취Խ벻취ԽԽ꣬ʱ򲻽ƿڴ
ֱҶƿڴ񫣬һͷѪ֮С
Ҳ쵰ģ
ҶһȭݺѪ֮УһѪӿѪˮӿܶǡ
ЩѪˮͬһ㣬ǽϺֻԭⲻûһͣ档
Ҷ̧ͷһʯڣȻǸֳһ˿ЦݣٲԥһͷѪ
벻ѪؼҶǱɣûеףһʱ䣬ҶǱǧɵʱڵˡ
ѪصײһƬĿռ䣬ԲңҶ￴Ѫһ۵ʱǸһĨ̡
죬Ҫģ


434 ƽս
ѪصײһƬĿռ䣬ԲңҶ￴Ѫһ۵ʱǸһĨ̵Цݡ
Ҷǰ̾һȻаɣϳ˰֣ͬһ͵İצ㡣
ĴϲѪɫ̣һһ㣬ź⡣
ʱֻ۾ҶҶҲȻɢſֲѹʾһͷʥ쾳ޡ
Ҷ·ںΪһ㣬ҧгݵص֪϶йԭһжٿأ첻ˣӽôգ
³֣Ҷһǧɾ룬ˮŰצն䡣
ͷצһ޴ֻӳӭҶ¡
һҶȻǹɾ޴ɣе¶֡
塪֣
ʱҶ˫Ŀ֮ȫǻ棬Ѿצ޵ͷˡ
͸оѪؼΪ죬ԭΪһЩ󷨣˴ϱ߷ɹͻᴥ
ҶǧССģ˵ŪһëҰװ׵ĸµʱ䣬ʱ̫ˣװ˷ôֱ࣬Ҫˡ
벻취ʱ򣬷񹥻Ѫ֮ʱȻѪصѪˮ󶼻عѪڣͣ
˵ԼɹѪ֮ʱͷϷЩѪˮ
ιմȾѪˮȴһζûйϱߣȻһĲ֡
ͬʱԼմȾǵѪˮʱһֱ˼⣬˽ˡ
ǵѪˮǱصģȥ;ԮСʱǵˮѾͣı󣬵˵ʱԼײǵѪˮ֪
뵽ҶζҪըˣѹô벻ͨôܵĻأԭ˹صġ
䣡
Ҷȫһն£ͷʥ쾳İצʱˣȻЩֿҶ뺷
ˣ
䡭
Ҷͬһ㣬ȫնɱһŲ˵ƶһ㣬ûκ·
ͷצ㱻ҶＤŭҲʼ񷴻ɵĴǣݺݶҶ
֣֮
Ҷһ˻磬Ȼ֮ת˼ޣѪһƬڡ
Ҷ￪֮ʱǸצһжȻÿʼٻ
ţ㲻㵽ǼưҶţе·ն
ۣ
Ҷȫ֮£֮ĸצжܵ˼ƣҶһնڴϣһӡ
󣡡
ǰצ㷢һֽУͬʱһɹĲҶоĺëһ󲨶ԼӾȻʼû
ۣ
ҶһԼϣҵʹ˲ѹ
ӣ
ۣ
ҶնνһǿϣɵĴǷɳ
ҶһѽסֱӶռָ֮У·ź⣬ûκͣצ㡣

ǰצȻһī֭Ҷͷһ󣬸ܵǹī֭Ϊ죬Ҵæ󳷡
Ȼûдī֭Ǽǹī֭ʱ濪ʼ׷߽⣬ڻһ㡣
ʴ
Ҷһ죬צī֭赲õ
ī֭ī֭ټӣҶһҶµ㣬¸ɾˣϴʱͲôˣ
Ҷֱϴȥצһֻ뽫Ҷסԥ֮ܵӰ죬ĶЩӲǱҶˡ

ˮĽҶѪܵһߣɳĴȡٻɫ濪ʼ㡣
ȻĴǼΪͣ壬ʧȥµķǰг˱Ƭ
׶ˣһƬõƬУݺݵľ׽ţҶõ滺һЩ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣѪ±ߵİצ㣬һֻ֣޾£ΪѾʥ쾳۷壬Ѫ⾫ޱȷḻ
һǳҶоӻǾҶ˵Ѫ֮УǱ±ߺ󣬷Щī֭ѾѪظˣûκκۼ
Զİצ㣬ҶһնʱҶƣشѪгжһɵĴ֡
СҲˣҶȥҶСнӹһƬʱ򣬺ȻϵĺëȻһڡ
ȻǺԣȷʵıһЩҶһѵ쵰⣬Ի䣿
ϰһëԱߣҶ⣬ֱҶۻȫ
ʱҶִϰһë֮ǰһԱȣȻ߼һĲ࣬Ȼࡣ
뵽ҶдϲȥѰͷצ㣬ͷצ㣬ѾʧȥֹҶϺëĿԽԽӰ쵽Ҷˡ
Ҷպ෴ÿγԵһצĳ֣ëͻ̣ڼӣǾī֭ͽɱˡ
Ѫ֮һƬͬûκε·ߣҶҲÿҪҲߣһȾͻȥ
ҶｫǳҶ巢һžı죬ͬʱһҶԺ
һͷƽӰӣҶԺи֣Ҷͷϲڽ󰵽״Բ
ƽս֣
ҶһȣҶ˱ƽɫǣͬʱںȻ죬ֲϢڡ
ѨΪĴڶʼѨЩܲס
ڿһץһ̶ռ䶼һζ
ֻһץ󰵽ףǱΪʱһס
˵ͭսʮսһ٣ƽսһ
ΪڵҶֻٻ˻ƽսδٻ壬ûʹ塣
ڵѾԶԶ˰սʱʹ
ʱڿԶսϣͷǼˡ
뵽ǸǼܣҶбһмںѪͲĽ졣
뵽Ǹƽ󣬽ѪԼ󣬾ͿʼɢĳҶͷһأΪһ屨ʹ
뵽Ҷ￴Ѫأ΢΢һЦҪʲôܵӲǣ
¶ǣҶϵĺëѾԽԽ̣֤ҶĲ²ǶԵġ
ͨ
ҶһͷѪ֮Уֻֻǵİצ㣬ûκ̽һ־ȫ
ͷצѾ״̬Ҷлƽսӳ֣ûȼīͱҶ￴׼ᣬȫһ롣
ҶｫƬצϰСѾʼϴʼæտˡ
ҶлָϣĵĲˣʼնЦ⡣
Ҷ￴һε巢Ǹι״ĶȻͷצľˡ
öˣҶﲻ˳˼צΪߣȻԼԸܳǴۼǿߣȫԻɱȴλۼǿߡ
˱ۺ⣬ĴأȻԼһСУȡħӻǹӡġ
еİצԹҶָëһҲûˣǼǰʱˡ
΢ʰһ£ҶѪأǰɽҶ￴ǰͫһ


435 ֻغ
ɽҶ￴ǰͫһ
ǰʲôֲ෴ļΪȺɽ֮Уһ⻬羵ƣ˼ɾ
һֱͨ˰ҶľǣŵģվӰ
˵Ӧʬ壬ΪѾûκϢ
Ҷ𾪵ǣǶǴۼǿߣȻǴѪأȴ
Ҷ벻ǸֲİצȻ˴Ȼ۵ʵǻۣ˾η
ѪأȻҶͷ䣬һֲĴڡ
Ǻ·ѶϣҪôҪôֻǰˡ
ߵǸ֮ǰҶ˼˺ܾãУһĨǰн
̤ϸ֮Ҷ۲Χķӳһˮûа㲨ͬһ㡣
ͷ棬ˮûһ˿ʣԿúĿ޾죬ǿԽԽľ·Ҫһ㡣
ҶæջĿ⣬Ȼܹ죬ҶﲻòСģ£ǰȥ
ˮûа㲨Ҷеģʬǰ֮ʱлʬ塣
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ǿȥ꣬ƾɢϢܷ󣡡
Ҷͷ˻ôֲԼֻתԪ󣬲ľ磬ۼȻûһǼ򵥵ġ
ڵʬͣ˰ΣֻҶʧǣпտҲûκα
ҶһһλǰҶȻоֱһһֻץסˡ
㲻ܹȥ̫׺ˡһҶ
Ҷﲻɵô󾪣Ҫֻ֣ȴԼüΪ΢Ȼ޷
㲻ȥȥֻǸҶĶߴ
Ҷſ˵ˣһȥʮӣףѪԼĹС
ͷһΧȥֻԼһս֮УΧΧ
ԼҲ֪ʲôʱһսۣȾѪһѳһʱҶЩãȻˡ
Ȼǰоһߺȴ󽫾Ů˾ҵϿͶ
Ҷѭȥֻо֮УһλһŮӣǸŮȻͷɢ㲣ɿԿһΪòŮˡ
ӲҪҡŮӸкĿ֮ȫǱ֮ɫ
⵽ô£Լǽħ֮ôҶԺȫʺš
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Ҷж˾ǾУԼ
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Ҫ佫һһûסæһӣʣ»ܲоų˳ȥ
ĵоҶɵôϲ׷乭Ҷ

ǸŮӷһļС
ʸҶг裬ҶＫΪӦǣڵΪֻͣʦѡ

һܼı죬ҶȻס˴ʸǱֻʸУѪ
Ҷ·δɻųŵ˳ת˲֮䣬Ѿ嵽˵оǰ
ɱ
оҶɵôϲһԼǰȥ
ۣ
Ҷﳤ裬绢Ⱥ֫壬裬Ҷ۾Ҳɱˣͬһ㡣
ҶѹʱΧһҲûˣҶѪ֮š
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ҶһĻߴݵĺȴôҲ۾ǸԽԽԶƤҲԽԽ
ʱԺдһʣ⵽ô£ҶǸ

С룬̫ˣԺǧҪôƤѣϵҪˣ
Ҷ۾ʱ򣬷һʮҵٸеĿԼ
С룿ҶоЩİǵԼ˷սôֳ
ԼСˣֻһĺͯҶɫһ䡣
ֻһͣϴμսоʱ򣬶֮ǰļ䣬ѾüΪģ벻
С룬ɫô˲԰ףǲˡǸٸҶӵ
ٸæУҶ壬ǼҶûκ⡣
ҶͣҶôŬҲ벻֮ǰһУԼԼǵãԼǰһиһλ
ҶʮսҷҶżһ·ŵҶҲɱ
Ҷٴʶʱһĺͯϲ飬ͨɣһԶĲӡ
һҶ緢ʮȡһŮΪӣ˱κ쳾дͽɽ
ĺ֮ʱɽҰɽȴҲǣ޹ҡ
һ֮ʱҶΪһλ޲ս޲ʤ¸ѫȴ
һһĹȥҶﲻͣתÿζǲͬݣе࣬з䣬зӣеƦͽ
һҶﶼܹסһĲֻ棬ֻǰļ䣬Ҳ벻
ҶһĪĿ־壬ÿһеĿ־ӴһΣС
ʼ޷ָоҶ޾ֻ֮УļԽԽģ
һȥҶǰļҲģȥҶѾ׵ֻ֮С
ͬһһ㣬ʵţȥϲ޵ֻء
ҶһǧʱѾеļ䣬ֻ޾Ŀ־塣
˵ãˣܶ䶼棬޷ҵԼķ
һһսķ֮ǿͼ֮󣬿ž
ǵ֮о˲ԣǲԵĵط˵壬һŴ󺣣˫Ŀ֮޾ãȻ
Ȼüһʹûκףüĳһ˿ڣѪűʡ
Ҷûȥ⣬ûȥѪĿԽԽִͬҫǧš
ˣҽҶҶЦ񷣬ֱ졣
ǰĻ飬绯ޣҶﻺ۾ǰһƬ⻬羵ĺ档
üĴµĵҶüģҶﻺնס
̫лˣûİľҪֻغˣ
ԭҶֻغ֮ǰѾ뵽һܣΪλû˿ֵļҶͲ˻ɡ
֮ǰնһĨʱ򣬾ѾԼȫ䣬һݽն¡
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벻ɵһ£ֻغ̫ˣ۶ˣԼһᶼûС
Ҷ̽ǰ˼ֺˮûаһԼѾˡ
ȣ
һŨ̵ݺݵ±߹⻬羵ĺ棬ֻغԼŪһ£ʵڶԲԼ
̤ţֻ߳غǰһɽҶϸɽۣ֮ǰһɵõһ


436 
һȥһƬȺɽϸоÿɽʮͬһ̾ᡣ
״ɽǵͷһԲԲ
ǸԲһ޴ĵڿУΧɵţϱתǸ
ҶܹоǸһͷţ»ὲ
Ҷĺܺãû뵽ô죬ġһҶԺ
ǸҶϲ
ܵĵĴ̼ˣڵı֮ǰǿܶ࣬ʱ侭˲ٶοĵ
ûã˼칷һħ֮СҶЩԳĵ
ħӣѹǰˣһֱûҵһ
ԭ㲻֪Ҷ
ǰв²ǲȷϣǰ˶ΪӦش٣ðս롱
ȥøҸ컯ҪȻˡҶµĵ
Ļ˵˹ʺˡ
ҶԲһŭǼҵĺ鸣˲
ô˯ôʱ䣬þûˣⲻǼį𣿡һЦ
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Ҷħ֮飬̾ϢһףΪʲôҵʹһֱʥ½ˣ
²ģʥ½ǧֶΡ
Խʥ½һ壬ֻҪһ壬ͻԼķʶ
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ҪҶҵȥ˵껺Ǹ޵
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ĸоΧʼŨϲķ֣ԼΪҲڿٵ
һʱƿǿǣ׷ͻƣա
찡ʧ׽ٳˣ
һЩͻߣ׷Ӧæرչ֮سѰ˵ĵطɽ١
һտʼؼɽ֮˵ɼ˰֮ãȻв׽֮Уͦˣɾǿߡ
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һԲĴɽһֻչǧɵľ޴ѻ£
ϷԷ⼸ʮ꣬ڱҵȵˡֻѻԡ
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ħô꣬ڿԹĳˣ
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ΪҶͷ˾޵ڵ綼ˣķӡĹŴŷ׷׳
壬壬Ҳħ壬µʱڣʥ½ҡ
ϳλֱۣħħѪۣۺԴۣҲɵ
۳ħѾټɵ壬ѾʼԼʵϳԼħ
ɵϢ󣬲ڣҶǧ׼˵õħϳ꣬м׼ħ塣
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ħŸ޼ɵĳ֣Ϊһλۼǿߣھˡ
飬ͳһ壬һ£һγһƫ壬Ҳƫħ֮⡣
һĴ󲿷ޱײУħ޼˴۵̣޼ɣвͻɱ࣬塣
󲿷ֻѰ۱ӣۣڱǣ򶼳£ԭڱ壬˾Ǳɱˡ
ħ££ĻΧֻж򣬶һߡ
壬ѾյĻԻͣţħдΪɱ
˺ڰʱΪһλѾˡ


437 ħ
ȻħⱣǿᣬҲôΪһЩΪǿ˳
Щ˶һˣڹŴӡ˽ű⡣
Ƕ䶼ʮ꣬ΪȴѾﵽʥ龳һûþͻƵʥ쾳
ﹲˣһΪգӡʱֻжʮ꣬Ϊֲʷļ¼
һΪƳ壬ǰǧǰӡ˶˽Ϊ̫ˡ
м¼֮ʱس󣬰˷ƶ𶯵
һۣʱѾͻʦʮͻʥߣʷΪʥߡ
ʮͻʥ龳ս֮ǿ޵У󱻼ӡش䣬⿪ӡճ
һλһλŮӣһ֮ŮͱӡΪ˵ȵһ̡
һӶλǱʥ쾳ǿߣħ΢Щ
Ȼλûм棬˶ǳɵΪһ֣ͻңս󣬺пֻһǾﶼˣֻʣλۻš
ǶĬûκαʾ±ߵ˶֣ԼŲʡ
һգһɽۣ֮ӰӣΧԶۿ
Щ壬壬һЩͷϳǵħ壬ǶĿתĿ
ɵǿҹ꺮Ϊʥ龳Ѿ˽۷壬ΪΪֲһϳһݱҹ꺮
ĿǰһǿߣΪʥ۷壬һ˸п
֮һҹ꺮ھɵԴ£ҹ꺮ƾž˵츳ʥ龳
˵ԣ˵ҶǸҹ꺮Ŀ⣬ͬضˡ
ҹ꺮ǰһĿĸߴӣһ⣬ɢ󣬶ͷϱһ·
˵ģôţҶһǸһʥ龳ǿߵӣ˶ķ顣
ҹ꺮ޱصͷصǾûˣ
˵껰ֻ򱳺ĳǺһâпһʥ龳ǿߡ
һʥ龳ǿҶνĵһʱӦ˫һģһӰһȭŽâȥ
飡
һû뵽ǣһʥ龳ǿ߱ҹ꺮һչɣȭͷһѪۣ㱻һȭͷƬ
Ȼйս˴һû뵽ҹ꺮ǿһоðһʥ龳ǿ߳˴
ҹ꺮ɵһеٮٮߣȻͨ˺˵ľ磡
սУǿߣһۿҹ꺮ŵѾȫȫںϵԼڡ
ʱҪý⣬֮⼴֮⣬̧㽣ݺᡣ
ǰ˵һǰɵһˣһţ˵һŮӣԸѵŴŷͥ˸Ÿ͵
СϢ͸¶ǶֲģΪһ˱ǿ̫̫ࡱһλ̾˿
ǻֲЩ˲ע⣬׷׿ǸߣȻһλʥ쾳ǿߡ
ǰ˵λô֪˹̵
΢΢һЦǲǲ֪ǰָˣ
ѵǰ˵ǡҶ˻Ȼ
Ǵˣ˾޹ھŽ񣬾ЩѵҲ֮ϣϧϧĵ
ߵĻһЩҲ޸пʥ֮ʱҶһ֮նɱʮλʥӣ䶯½
Ϊնɱʥظ꣬ҫǧţ˶˵
ǺҶ伣ǺɵҶֲֻᣬ֮Ҷʵԡ
ûκϢظܶҲΪпԶﴫҥϾֲ׽Ӱ¶ȥˡ
𽥽񻰵ʱ䣬Ŵǿ߾ѣһǿҲͬһӿ
ʱ˵⣬ʱ˵ĺ䶯ʱи
ģ׫һе꣬ͷһЦ־ᣬѵ˵еˣڻ֮𣿡
˵Ĳ࣬һħͷĲߣһϵƿֲˡ
ǿǶʱŭǳӣ˸Ҫվۡ
䣡
һ콫ǵĿ˹ȥ˵Уҹ꺮λһǿߵսȻڼ
λǿߣҹ꺮һȭͷ󣬾ŭ֮ʹ˺ؼս쭡
ղŵһ죬Ƕ˵һײȭӰ콣ݺᣬƼΪƴ
λ߿΢΢˵ͷתͷǸħߵΪҶǶ׫ģ
ߵĻʱһЩĿ⣬ս˹Ҷ飬ⳡսǸȤ
Ϊ˶ֻһСͱ򣬶ҶĴ˵Ǽе֪𰸡
ΪûڹŪ飬ճֹƳֹҲֹϷǶǾšҲŹħһѪɳţ˿ǡǼԼûƣͶ׫һĪеò˵Ǹĵ塱Ǹħ߻شһԾӣħ
ҸɣսֽӣҶֵܣôΪһ仰͸ǸħƴǸ΢΢һЦ
ʲôģ
仰ʱ˴ҵɧҶĴ˵ģ̫ˣΪֻ˵Խսڳսڣսڡ
ҶֱӿԽһףΪնɱʥߣȫ߸ǵ֪ԲŻɡ
ߣԶﴫˣģΪβͷ¶棿ħһмĵ
ʱ˶ߣϣܹһĻʧˣΪǸʲôҲû˵ֻĬĬҡҡͷ
λߣǵǺʥԪʹߣҲͻѹƿ׵ʥ쾳
ڵһֱڰмĶȻڳ֣Ƕħ岻òһЩ
ҹ꺮֣ȻҪй۲죬οﻹħǿߣ˭֪ǻ᲻ᰵ͵Ϯ
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мƵʱѾˣĻ֮Уһɽ̴ն䡣
һʥ龳ǿд󺧣벻ҹ꺮սôʱ䣬Ȼɿʹóôǿʽ

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438 Ҷﴫ˵
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ħЦţݵͬצһ㣬ӭԪʹߡ
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飡
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Զۿͷ䣬ǻǵһμôǿƵˣӲؽһʥ쾳ǿߣɸӡ
ҹ꺮ѩȴижҶ̫˽ˣֻкﵽѾ̶ȣҶŻ¶Цݡ
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ս۵𣿡һǿߣ׳ŵӶҶ
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齣ɳȺ˶һ֪ҶΪλ˳֡
ۡ
˷һܶȾѪԼѪҶｫȺмٸһ˸ɱˡ
ָȺһ˵ǺˣΪֹһûзմȾ޹Ѫǿˣ
ȻҲǿߣҶǰһ㣬˲һ˿Ų弱뿪
ҶʱתͷԪʹһȭǴ˸кŽĿ⿴Ǹߡ
϶Լأ


439 նɱħ
϶Լأ
Ҷ￴ǸħϹ֣ǸֳղһģһЦͷһ
Ǹħ۾һУͬƤһϣһĨأȻСϣܵ˼ѹ
Ҷ
Ϲ˵ûҶﵭĵ
ǸħһѹеŭôаնԸңҪ֪ҿǲģ
Ҷб۾һۣЩصҺȻԸˣ
ŶǸħɫ΢΢һɣ΢΢һ㶡
Ȱ㻹ްɣ㳤̫ˣ˲˹ģҶֵҶƲ
ƿСҿħڴŭħݼߣǵһĿ
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Ǹħ޿̣гһѹǱޣҶݺ䡣
ͬʱħǧһޣϵƶ䶼ˡ

ҶһȭӳɫĹâײǹǱ֮ϣһ󣬹Ƭ飬ħѪ
ڴһ̤һȭӳأ޴ɱܡ
ħ߻ûӵһȭлָҶڶȭѾˣŵɢ
ӸղŵһУ˽⵽ҶĿֲҶһɽ˵㲻ˣס
֪ǣҶڽ󰵽׺˼ı졣
һȭ֮вⱥ֮֮ͻ
ⲢҲԼģǴħӳ֮ԼںϵģڵֿöС
Ҷﾪϲǣһȭӳ໥ӣһ㣬
ħ߼Ҷĵڶȭæħͷ­һȭؿһģһھѪھħͷ­ϡ
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Ҷûнħͷ­飬ħ߼æٻؾħͷ­һھѪָħͷ­ײ
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顭
ۡ
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ʮغħԭͿݵϣһƬڣûһ˿Ѫɫ
Ҷһȭħͷ­غЩǣǸħȻûнħͷ­ضϸһĨЦݡ
ôˣҶﵭĵ
СӣϷѪ䣬֪ǹ޴ħ߹ЦΪ⡣
ߵĻ˴һֻһЩԹ۵ħǿߣ׷׸ųЦ
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Ԫʹߵ˵ͷ̤һۣɵȥ


440 
뿪ԭȺһը˹ˡ
찡˵ģ˿ԽսۿҶΪԼˣ
˵ʵˣֻǲ֪ǼķĹǱΣĹ롣
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ЩţΪ֮ǿߣǿУƳǱΪ֮µһˡ
ŷ׷׳ģħҲ࣬Ϊֹǻûǿ߶ս޷϶֮У˭ǿ
ǽҶճһռɱʥ쾳ǿߣҲ㹻ˣѾΪһ
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ҹ꺮ǰѽס˫Ŀ֮ȫǿȣ鲻Խվ
һǿĵ޷ԼǣȻһѱԵĵ
һʼϰĶǺʼû
ΪͣһΪڽϣǵתʱ򣬱ͳΪĵ塣
ÿζ˷ѵһЩԭʮһУӳ˳ɡ
ȫתĺͻܲˣų⣬ܾãʹࡣ
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˽Ϊ꽣ȴ꺮ΪܵĻ顱Ҷ˵껰꽣ݸҹ꺮
ҹ꺮Ľӹ꽣ϵĺϢȻʼԼʼںϡ
䣡
ҹ꺮һâҫԲﱻ˲⣬ǳķۣҲʼѣ㱻ɷ顣
Ԫʹ߾ͬʱµķۣЩ۵صСҹ˹ˣҵʥ˰
ʥߺɵ͸˵ŷǷ壬ҹ꺮ˡ
Բʹߴˡҹ꺮æ꽣ԪʹߵǸ
˰ˣһ¾ˣͷӻк֣ܶҲûãǱǿҺܸˣ˻ˡԪʹοĵ
ҹ꺮ͷתҶлл
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ӴԺһϲʲôˣ˭ҶԵУһҶһЦףѾһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
ħڵʱ򣬸о󣬵ħӳһ˲䣬رɽȱ𣬷ԲһƬ档
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ˣֻڻŵˣħڵЩȺ͵ʬǾûһëǮϵˡ
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441 ɵ
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ҶǰһǣֻһԲҵĹ
Ǵ˵еɵҲ̫С˰ɣҶôҲû뵽˵еɵȻһ֮ء
ٽʱҶŷ֣ǰߵĽԽ󣬲֪ĵǹˣԼСˡ
ɵʱ򣬶ǳԾҵһʱҲˣ
ҶԻԪʹЦɵѾãݴӵеĶп⣬ΣûһϸĽͣ
ԭɵĴڼΪԶԶ޷׷ݣûеʱѾˡ
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شٹ󣬴󲿷Ͼ֪ʷԽԽ٣Ѿûʲôˡ
һԿ϶ɵͷΪŵ
ɵŵʱҶᵽĺΰߴǧɵĽҶоԼһ㡣
Ԫʹۣ˽ſеӹԪʹҲѩ˵ͷʾ⡣
ҶʱɻȻҶΪסˣ˼ǲףһʿôԪʹ·
֮ǰһʱ䣬ŴǧĴҶһ̾⵽Ǹ˾ס
һסһҲܳһţ߳źֻܷصﶼǸ⡣
֮һƬƫǰһҶʱѾ֮߳ң
ҶﾪǣԽ棬ԽӵŨȻ󷨼ӳ֣ġ
磬ΪҶͷ˾޵ɻָسɵĽ׶ΣҪȴ֮ǰŨȸӾ
񾭹ɵļӳ֣ٶȱ˿ľˣҶʱ򣬷ڣһЩдĵӡ
Ԫʹ߸ҶܣΧĵطҶ￴һۣӣлϣ䶼󣬴ʮ߰ꡣ
֮ǰһƬ¶㳡Ϊ㳡ͬһЩЩӱǰߵĵΪߣȫϣһЩѾʥ߾
ЩɵŵӣЧ֮ǰãȻɵĵӵĽ׼ܷ
Ԫʹһ˽һЩӷ׷ͬʱѩҹ꺮۵֮ɫҲһЩʼɵĹâ
㳡ǰУһҶﾪ
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ʱǰΪѷ޷תѾʱˡԪʹЦ
ʱһΣҪܳʱȥռȫԸ㣬ʱתˡ
ˣҾ㵽ɣĻǶϱߣʱǶˣǺúþ۾۰ɣǵòҪŶȥˡԪʹ˵һ䣬뿪ˡ
Ҷ΢΢ҡҡͷԪʹһ仰ȻģѵԼôϲ£
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Ҷʱ̨ߣܿͽ˵һ㣬ٸС
Ҷһ㶣ѩ˵ﱾǺĵĵطŵӣҲֻ߹׶ȣС
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ҶھŲʱʮУһЩ˵ע⡣
Ҷ磡
һŮһͬͶһ㣬ҶĻУĿ֮ȫǲţͬһŽ׵ջ䡣
Ů磬ҶոսŲʱ򣬾˸ӦʱҶʧʹޡ
Ҷ磬Ҿ֪һģ㲻ᶪ粻ܵģ
ʧʹ޾ˣ֮ٻӰҶ
ŷǡ塢Ҷ诡ҶǳΧҶӿǧҪߣǴʱȴҲ²ҲһйֶΡ
Ǳʱ֪ǶҶĺ֪ûǣҶǡ
ʱǾ͸о·һ㣬Ƕһ˿ϣϣҶŻ
ԭһȺ֮ŮΪҶһ˶һ𣬱Ů˶öʵĶദķǳǢ
ΪһҶ飬Ϊǲ˼֮Ψһ;Ǳ׽ûҪס
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ҶﻹǿţԼЦŻˣҪǸĿֺҸ
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442 ǿ
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ȳƣӵһף˫Ŀ񣬾Ǹǳĸ֡
Ϊʥ۷壬Ӣˣʱ°ͣҶҲˣһƵĿǡ
㲻Ҫ̫Ϸɶ˺ȵ
ô̫ˣֻǿЩˣռôõԴ˵ʵѡǸΪӣмĵ
Ҷüͷһ壬ôյɵͳһקĸƵǻ
磬ƳĵܵܡѩҶߵƳǹŴս˫ɵ֮˲ɵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǸ棬и磬ͿʼˣɵҲǸǷ֮ذ
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硢ŷǵ˷ʲôˣҶҶԶصǣǸصӰǵˣгԺ
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443 ѪѪ
ʱŲһƬǼֱţһǿʹѲ˱ܵˡ
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촽۽ǣʾһΪ߰ˣʱĿųУֻĿ֮У΢΢ЩȵĿҶ
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444 Դ
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Сӣ־͸һԾ
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Դ۶ŭֻɢһѹ޷ֵ֪ǶôĿֲϵİʱࡣ
ʱŲ㣬ֻҶﻹվţȻɫ԰ףĺ黺䣬ȥʱˤʼսš
ԴϵŭʧĿ֮һ˿ϲ֮ɫѸڲ
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Ƴ˷׷վɫΪѿЩΪϵ͵ĵӣſڵϷĴϢ
Ԫʹ߿ϵˣ΢΢ҡҡͷаǺ£Ҫճ߶ȣ
仰ǸģϸƷƷǶƳ˵ģָоǶʧҶ˵ġ
Ҷоһ֣ûпܣǹһﻨС
Դսǰ΢ЦôҵСʲô
Ҷ֪ԭԴ۵С磬￴ȥѾûʲôˡ
ɽӺ͵֣Դ۲ᣬΪһ֣Ϣһģһ
ҶһʵѵͻƵ˴۾ԳȡıԴ֮ԼС磿
ҶǸţô뵽ˡԴЦ˵ûش֮ҳȡһؼıԴ֮ͻƵ˵۾պҲҪˡ
Ҷ΢΢ЩжԴԼ¶֮أͲպв
ԴۿҶ㲻ɻҲ߹㣬߹Ƴ塢աƺ£ϣܹδʮͻƵ۾ӦشٻаһЩ
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СӴΪ˹ҺúѧϰϰɡҶЦ
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ۿϾܵܣɫ΢һ£ؿҶҸһսʱһ֪ڽǰһֻϣ
вҶЩЦԷǣÿպͷƣ΢ͷҶ΢ЦĻӦһ£λƷвġ
Ҷ˷ǵɵסֱܿɽľҶȥ


445 
ϴ㻹̫ˣ
ܿɽһСһҶĴʧʹޣ۾ͨ졣
̫ˣԼΪϣ뵽ǿģί
ҶܿɽļܿɽΪʧȥѾָ˱壬ֻ߶ĺܡ
ҶܿɽȫȫԼŸԼӵԨгȴ
ܿɽΪϣǻ˵ҶǸ쵰ѾֽΪָ
˵껰ҶȡһΪĶǸһһźˮľˣɢſֲϢ
ʥ쾳ħ޾ˣ
˷һҶоȻһ˸ͨ˲һһССķһ㡣
ҶﵱɱǸɫǯʱںˮ̳ĶʱҶ￴Եģ
׼𣿡
ʲô׼ģ㸺ڵƬռڻǯ澧עȥһ򵥡ɵĵ
¸ҿװֵܡҶĵ
ǲ׵𡱾ŭҶԺ
˵ʵһʱǱȽϿ׵ģһ϶֪ʲôס
±ҪİæֻһҧܿɽãҶŻ
Ҷһܿɽıϣͨתڴǧϸ˿ȥЩڵƬռ
ܿʼڵڵƬʱҶͷȥ˵Ȼܿɽڵۡ
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ܿɽ˵ͷҶһģһϻԼ˿ܿɽڣɽ˿ڵۡ
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ܿɽӦɫ֮Ҷ￪ʼӴȥЩۡ
һʱ˿Щ۷׷ڻȻһһɼΪܿɽڶһźɫľˡ
ɽһ𣬽Ҷ
ʱܿɽڵѾڻһлԭ֮ʱ򣬾߻һ㡣
Ҫܿɽһεľ飬ܿؾܸڵҺȡϵʼת
ЩҺתҶžǸǯ澧ˣĥ飬ЩҺ֮С
ݷʽеƻ¯Ǹǯľ˺󣬻ܿɽڵԸǿ󣬳˱ըԵһָ
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Ҷﶼ֪ʲôʱģĺȾʱ˵ʲôǵˣһκȶƬˡ
ʱ򣬷ԼȻһϣܴԹܶ˯
Ϊھкܶ˯ϱߣһĽȫһ
Ҷ￴һۣŷԼϣұ۽عסԼǰΪѹ΢΢ΣҶͷһ
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µҶԺҶﲻ࣬ŭ⻹㺦ġ
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˵ʲôأǶ˵˵ģԺǽˣʲôԵԲġŷǽӿڵ
ҶﲻڵһͦѵӣѾͬãͬġ
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Ҷ磬½㣬Ȼǲˡһͬľͷһ㣬ڴϵҶ
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ҶʱоȫһŮʹˣʱоһͷƤ顣
ۣҶͷˡŮһּе
ҶԴ˵һӣᣬŮ


446 ƻ
УҶһʧȥΪķˣȴһзգĿĴ֡
һЦ绨ͻȻҸӵĲƸеŬΪǡ
ҶһЦʱΧڶߣ˵˲ڻ
黶Ц죬ҶｫټǲҪֿԼС֮С
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ҲͣҶСȻֱͻʥ쾳µС绹Ҫ
½ҲҪµֱЦ
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ۣҶĵô·һ
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޵ʥ½ǧȻ󲿷ֶͷˣдҲľˣУٶȻľˡ˵Ҷ˽޵ġ
޵֮󣬿ֲǵΪȻԶʼת
찡ȻʱʮҪŨö౶´ʱ˵Ƥڱˡ
Ҫ֪ʱǵܹԼߵٶȡ
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ʱǾаɣҶҪץһ˲ԸĻǵʱ䲻ˡҶ
磬㲻һ𣿡ѩʵ
һкܶҪҲʺҡҶĻشŮ΢΢һոҪֿˡ
ȻҶСУǿҶɻ˼Ƕ֪ҶȻżΪҪҪСĵذǷ
˰ٺ֮ҶԪʹߴ˸к뿪ɵ̤ϴ󣬻صʥء
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Ҷĵʮָˣ˰½ѩĽǸ֪Ѿʥ龳ʱЦĶѾϲ£ˡ
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ǿҹ꺮˵ĿֲΪ°ͣ˵еĵŮ£ޱȼܸ˸һУǺεȵĸ
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һ죬Ǹõǿߣո˵꣬һֳֻϣԴֱӱ顣
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ѻ꣡
Ҷǿֱ֮ӽ˵飬ԼҪĴ𰸡
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ǣһµĳǳأģΪ޴󣬶һ඼ΪһĽ
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֣̫ˣС棬Ѫ߹ȻһһǶʥѪһ¡Ҷţҳ۵ĺᣬѪӴϣֻŮʸ֮ϡȻ
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Ȼһ㳡
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Ǹ䣬мʮž޴ͷ­ڵϣɫ䡣


447 Ⱥ
Щͷ­Ϊ޴󣬶мʮɵĸ߶ȣɫë˸ǽһı־
Щͷ­ڳ޶ɵˣȻ˻ɱۺᣬһӻϣͳҪͱ
СǸϤһתͷտȥֻһӰ׿գ۸׷裬սŴء
ɫһԴӳû˸ҶξȻиСӸôԼء
ȻһӰɳҶվںСߵӡ졣
С
һŭôز˫ֻ繳Ҷץ޲ýҶ˺Ƭ
ǵӣΪʥ쾳һ־ҶﲻҴ⣬˲˻ƽɫһȭӳ
䣡
ཻڣ纣Хһϯ㳡飬ϵǿ߷׷ױɣЩΪʥ龳ֱӱ
һƬңκһסڹĺС£ɵԶſеӰ
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Ҫһһǣǽһ岻ޣ޶㶼ֲҶߵ
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飡
Ҷ˫ȭ裬˿õ֮Ӳÿν֣ᱬǿˣÿռ
Ĺȱһ㶼ûܵӰ죬Ȼӳ˷ܵ˹ĸš
±ЩսħǾûôˣ׷ǱԶܣһЩʥ쾳ޣҲܲסǿֲĲʼˡ
ͬΪʥ쾳ǿߣҲѪ޷ȣս֮ǵӵĿֲ֮
ǣĹͬŭΣҶȴʼͬɽйȫס
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ҿӲʲôʱЦһצһӣһɹն˿ռֱӷɵҶǰ
Ҷһһз˿ռ⾳ΪӹȻ򵥡
ۣ
Ҷһȭǵ֮ϣȻûȫסǵ⣬ȭͷϣгһ˿ڣѪ
Ҷ磬ҪСġС·һѵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһʤƣõġ
ԭҶҧгݵĵ

ϺȻһĨ̵΢ЦܺãǸˣҾ͵棬˺飬һ࣬ôܹҸ߹Ľһȣ
뷨ܷʵܹǸУòǸĸ㣬ëȾ˽ɫѻѻ޷һĵѻԶɱҵġҶﳰĵ
Ҷʲô߹󡱣һʣ̲סҪ༸䡣
Ȼ仰̱ߣ˫צһڣóצӰأҶ
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ҶٻӰʱӦޱȾǣһֿ־壬ں壬㱻ɢ
飡
Ҷ޻εһȭӳǰȭͷӰӱҶһȭ飬Ʋ˥صؿڡ
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챻һȭУһѪиǺȻҶһȭȻô赲ôǿ
һҧ˫צڳһŹֵƣȻһȵסֵ֣㶯
ʱλƮ˰գؿҶأԶ֣
κͺС¶һŵĿҶǰǱˣһ仰˵˵ˡ
Ҷ￴ͳߣȻˡһֻѻװʲô⣬ŸƨޣЦ𣿡
Ҷһϯһв֪λصѪֶΣһˡ
ȻǸһĨпЦݣɭɭصܺã㼤ŭ˱ۣ۾꣬ǧ꣡
׳գأصĽëԺҪ˵û˵ѻһ˵ǲҶݺݵ˼ڿˮ
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ʢŭ֮£Ҳˣһ죬ǺɽҶڡ
κͺС¶˵һ˲ʧȥѪɫС¸˫Ŀᣬκһˡ
Ҷ￴һ£Ȼܣǻһ˿
СӴ֣֣ǲʧˡһϵ£һֵֻס۵һơ
䣡
ռһʱĿܣͷ
Դ죡
ɫЩѿ³֣һ䣬иһӰԴۡ
ԭҶǸǿѻ󣬵֪ǰ֪ͨԴ۸ԮԼٿҲҸ۽а塣
Դ۳Ÿô顣
Դ죬ϣս𣿡ĵ
սսɣνԴһĽΪӲ
ɫΪѿǶˣ壬һսĻҵȫûˣóȻ֡
Ҷ￴鸸һۣκͺСߣЦ̣Сãþòأ
ʱΪԴ۵ĵǰĿֲѹѾʧСһ˵ҶﻳУֻһҶ磬ίʹ
ҶοһºС£ŶԴߣͬһ΢΢һЦǸӼסˣŮˣǲк³ģ
Ҷ鸸ӱıף˵Ӽӻ𣬺Ȼռһ󲨶Դ۸ǿдˡ


448 ڤ
ǵ飬˷ǻǴ˳ɼҲһ顣
Ϣ½䶯۵ĶӴ飬ȻһߣĿǼΪ
һʱҶĴ˲֪úܶ˰гƿ죬ʵ̫ˣԴӴ۳屻ɱԼΪѪȵֶνǸϳ˱
Ҷսӣ۽а壬Ȼۣ˶ԣüһء
ΪħԴһֱ弫ΪãμΪǿƵĳ֣һ忴ϣ޲˷쳣
ҶҲӵˣ˵Ĵ֮ͽҲǴۺˣôΪȻ˺Ƥ
˵硼䣬ҶԽԽأֱ˽ҶҥԲֹ
ҥûˣһ˵ֳˣǧټƵѰСϢϣ˷֣Ҷ̤֮·ꡣ
ʮ֮ǰһֱһֻҲŲʮ꣬Ȼսӡ
ǿʼϵھҪ˵˵Ǳģ֪ǿԺèŬǽҶоȫд
ǺȻ֣Ҷͬһ㣬Ӱ˻ĳչ¶ͷǣʮֻΪܶս벽ָһҡ
ԶսڣǽʥʥŮɾ²һ㣬һ硣
Ҷһ·̤ǿߵʬǰУ˵ǰĵ·ɱġ
֪Щ˶Ҷز˾ηûκε֧ţûκ֣չᣬҡֱϣݰ˭Ҳ
ҶĹâѾǹԶŸѾ˴֮µһˡ

Ҷ˱Դ۴򣬴ֻܹĪ⣬ֻƬ̹ʹԽռ䡣
л֮κԴһн롣
Դ΢΢һЦκ峤ˣⶼҶ⣬ֻǴֶѣ
κû뵽Դ˺ͰûһӣɵǴ۷ɡ
ҶЩ˼صСӸ鷳ˣ
޷ֻҪܹȹ٣ϣкηԴҶļ
ҶжԴޱȵľ֮ߣΪϧһе黳Ҷв
龴϶ƴоΪԼΪԼǣ飬ûôࡣ
ԼҲôΰ󣬴ûʲôڿ㴩ڿߵ˸øɵģֻػסԼߵһС
Դ۶ҶＸ뿪ˣûڣҪ˵ҶﻳУҶһǡ
ҶĺƤҲЩ죬Ͼгأ̫Ťˡ
СȴûаѹҶﲻţҶβѣκЦĿǣҲǳĿġ
ҶܸоЩֵֹģת̣мһ£
ΪԼβһѾ׾ѣҶþβһȫԼСڡ
ȻԼС粻󣬵ֻм˿ڵľβһ´ˡ
ԼСУڻкܴĿ࣬ǿǲӢӽ
κѾʥ쾳ּ֣Ϊǿʥ쾳һ˴еľβһʱֳǵĿֲ
ҲǿǵĿֲǱűǸһͨ飬ǿǵǱ
С¸ǿֲеĿֲҲѾʥ쾳ԺͻƴۣҲϣ
κͺС½ҶСڣǸֲľ޵ǹɼŨ˼µϲ
κ붼û룬̴Ӧ˸æؾβһ壬βȫǨҶСڡ
ҶСڻ޷繲޷ȡʣ´ʯֱӲһ󣬹βһ
βһҶĶˣκξҶһβΪ
ҶѾβһ忴Լһ㣬Ϊκ飬ٶԴҲۡ
βһ尲ٺúҶҲΪڴβнȫǿеģҶȻ绢
·ϵҲźˣҶ壬Ҷﾪǣǿޱȣʥ쾳ǿ߶λ֮ࡣ
ټʱ򣬾Ҷﶼһʱֱʣ﷽Բ
Ҷﵽȫۼһ𣬶ҶǷĵĸмҶԶսڣõɳȻ񣬿Ҫˡ
ͨͨҶ֪ڵ壬ǿޱȣʥ쾳ǿ߾λⶼΪĹ͡
ͻѾ޽ӽ۾ľǵĳɳޣֻҪܹͻƣôӻ壬ͻͻƿ֮ķ
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Ҷﲻòп֮棬һӵᶨƵȥеôԶãȻƿһ˵ˡ
ʾȫ弸ʮˣʱҶĵǲԸΪҶһѪ
Ҷ˼ᶨĿ⣬ҶһжһиһΡ
Ҷ壬ΪûϵõʲôرԼһٶȴи
ûоܾǵĳ⣬ȴģܲǣ;ǲˣÿһʹ
˽ҶԼ⣬ҪǵĿռͨڤ硣
ҶѾ˵޷ǸռͨģǾظ֤԰ѹסΪ
Ȼû˵󻰣Ҷȷʵ˿ռ䣬Ǹսռ޾ĿռҶӿͬҪҶʬ
ҿı֤Щռ֮ܲҶ̲סƿڴ
˵룬Ժ飬Ҫˡĵ
ô֪ҪʼˡҶﱻˣöûбˣԭΪתˣȻëַˡ
˽飬иˮʱ䣬ô޾Ŀռ֮аɣǿǴ۶ɵĶŶǳؽ͵
ۣ
˵䣬ռ֮ͬϸߣײҶϣʹҶǿᣬҲΪгϸڡ
Щռ֮УϢ˷ʤȻҶףæһ
飡
ûбܿһΪǿĿռ֮УնҶļϣҶﱻһ޿ɿܵУ򶼲㱻նϣѪ
Ҷﲻд󺧣ϸСĿռ֮УȻſֲľ޴Ŀռ֮С
ˣϽ͹ȥҶŭ
ԲȻܣֱĺõطƵصĿռͨȶռ֮еǿȣֻп壬ת壬ֻʹģҪˣƾֱܿǿĿռ֮У
ӵĻٻʲôȴ𣿡ҶĲУǲû
Ҫеˣ˯รɡܲж˸Ҷϵ
Ҷôлǲǣǰ޾Ŀռ֮УҶΧ


449 ɽ
ºҶ׵ķ粨ƽϢǸһһǸȶȣͻ𽥵ǵҰ
Уʥ½Ҳ˼ı仯ΪҶͬ꼻һֺ󣬱ʧӰ١
ʱ塢ħңȻ۶֣ǿ߼սûмϹ
ڷͷﹲˣһƳ壬һ죬һħΪصħѪ
˷ֱһǿʵΪħǿսʱҶûг֣˿ʼҶﵱսӵʵԡ
ʱ˴Ҷһս֮Ѿ˴ˣˡ
ȻЩϢûȨԵ֤ɵҲһֱûиκνͣⲻò绳
ΪҶһս˭ҲûʵСϢҲû˸ΪϢ֤
ԴǣΪҶһսˣźϾǼʶǻصΪҶܹŴбѾˡ
Ϊǰһǿս»αնҶ
ϧҶʼղӦƳӦսڻĮ֮һս
ѣ񾪣ԲĻĮ˳״
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һ·֣󼧿ӭս˶Ծշۣ֮źǣͬΪŴѵţսһһҹǰܸħѪ
Ƴ棬ƳҲδʤħѪֻƽָգһս֮ħѪƮȻȥ
ս֣ƳΪ֮⣬һˡ
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ǵĽ壬ͬһɢش֮ʱཫḲ⽫ΨһĻᡣ
һʱܵƻ󣬷׷׵ħӪȥνġ񡱡
ԴۼΪŭȥ˵Կ٣ԼҪԼˡ
Դüħ壬ħ岻塣
ԴԽǽֹЩ޴ԽΪԼĶԵģԴ۲ŻôԽԽͶħıӻ
ԴȻзŭȴûκΰ취ʼɱЩͽӻĿֻţʵ䷴
ҲܸɿħıóѣֻܼӴȣץС

飡
һֻɫȭͷգѪҶѵشӿֱӵ˵ϡ
Ҷ˸࣬ûϵĲмĴϢţͬһ˿Ҳ˲ˡ
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ΪǳаԽǰռ֮ԽǿҪǹȥгһľ룬Ҫгˡ
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Ҷɴ಻ڴѹֵĶԼȥڤ磬ԭƺõģ֪ԼȥԼ
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Դһ޲ߣɱһ˺ףҪıһ˵˼룬ɱһҪѵĶࡣ
ħһƺԼΪ壬ڷ˵Ĺȣ޴ڣܣħһλۼǿߣڿ֮£ƻڸ˵ˡ
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ֶμΪ֪ǸıȴֻĿš
ȻҲѧħ忪ʼչԼȻټԼ¡
һЩȻǿȥͶϣҶ޵
һΪѪʳôȥһӸǽʲô벻ͨЩΪʲôô޴
Ȼ֣塢塢ħ岢ǲħ廹壬һռأе಻ΪūǱûеֽ
ԲЩ˵ΪЩ޴ļһһЩĲᶨҲʼ岻һ٣ͬһɢɳΨһˡ
Ҷ˼һӣзһ䣬ȻǶӣǾǰγ
½ֺ䶯ʧһʱǿҶֳˡ
һ֣ɱλħǿߣ𶯣Ҳޱ𺧣ѵҶ֤Ĵ֮µһˣ
Ҷĳ֣һħע⣬ǿ߷׷׳ħ壬ӢΧҶ
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ȫҶʱħϳҶӰҶһ½ľٶʼɽˡ


450 ħ
Ҷħڵʱ˶һǳԾҶϹ΢Ц޾׵硣
Ҷ
һϵһ۵ħѪۣħϣ˫ĿĿҶ
ħѪļΪ޳ɫͷȻɢͷָֻ죬üĴһֻۡ
Ǹ֮һƬڣڰɴأһ۾־壬֮Υ档
һӣɫ䣬˫Ŀ΢УͬҶ
ǰһûɢκϢޱȾηħǿߡħѪۡ
λӣħһһ֡ħҶܹϸܵѹȻսԿֲ
˵ǾǰɣôţҧңҶɵĵ
ԭѾ۷壬ɱ˼ħֺ󣬾ҲѹƲסʼͻˡ
ش䣬ָҶһͻƣ˿ֲ٣Ҷ˲ġ
Ҷ֮ԸôǿᣬΪ׼ħѪۣҶ֡
ΪԹٴ֮ݸ˵Ϊ֮
˸ҳٷΧڣᱻԶΪٻԶߣôҲͬҪܵٲþ
ٵǸ˵ΪģħѪ۸ҶҶ֣ͻ̱
ħѪ۸ոͻƴۣôܵ٣ǿǾǴ۷壬ҲҪһĴ١
ħѪ۸ͻƴ۲ãٽ£ǰ֮֡
ҶͷϷĽѾγɣҶҶ֣һ˲佫ҶɱҲϱ
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ħʱңӰ׷ɱħǿߣһЩͽ
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䣡
һ죬ٽ£˵׽ٲͬҶ׽ٲһͬŭһ㵹֮Űħ
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Ҷʥ߽ٴףģΧǿȣֲ˼㣬׽ٷΧħǿǶɫҰףһǾͳ˽ٻҡ
ħѪ˫Ŀ䣬ԼոսõĻأôˣͷϵͣʾеŭѾһٽ㡣
Ҷվ׽ٵģͬԡһ㣬˿ûаѹǻŵĳ
Ȼռһ󲨶һһȺӰڰ֮УΪһ˺Ȼۣǵ죬߰żʮλʥ쾳ǿߡ
ǵĳ֣Ҷ΢΢һЦ溰Ȼħһң׼ͬˣ
۵ؿеҶһ۵СͺᣬȸһһΪһ
ޣѻ죬ұ죬֪֪͸ᡱҶһĵĵ
ҶھºСʱ͵֪ۣħУȻǰйˡ
۱ɫ࣬Ǹ߰ĽڣҶһһѻͷð𣬵ҲҶҶ֡
СӣΪ׽֮УǾû취ˣھȥǸһĨЦȻһͦҶ׽֮С
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ȻϵЩ죬Щ׽ϣȻࡣ
ս£
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ΪϡУҶֻһżϼĴ˵ʱЦġ
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սһƷֻʹһΣνǼΪҶзһЦɱԼǿѪ
ʱ촩ս£ϣ˴룬¾һʥ߾׿£ûаӰ졣

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һץסȭͷ繳С˿谭
Ҷ׽֮УȻżϣ絶ҶСȥ
飡
˶ɣڰԣԡ֮УƳ
˶һ֮ͬʱһ˫ȭ裬죬𳤿ա
ʱҶħɽٵϢѾǿѶҪһҶķɡ
ΪҶĴ˵̫ˣۼˣ֮٣ҶȻħɽ٣ǺεĵӰ
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λۿһۣǷǿ֮УӰڼսױˡ
ͬʱɽ𣿡˿զࡣ
²ǣӦҶġҶ˵ҶܵħɽٵϢŸġ
찡ҿʲôеǸ˲ǵ𣿡Ȼϳݡ
ԭ˵ģҶս죬ǿѨ磬ǰսѾ˵һСʱԽԽ࣬˸п
찡Ҷʥ߽𣿱һʥ߽ٹģ˼ʮ
ڶɽ֮УȻܹսӣĶôǿ󰡣
ŷսеӰ˶ˣɽ֮޲սսСӦһСģ˸ڶɽʱ˶Ծģû
䣡
Ҷһζײϵ׽ٶһ󲨶
һβҶͷϷĽƺȻͬʱ翪ʼ£໥֮γɵ
һ֣˵񱩵ŰԶսˣЩҪɵˣǵһ˵ٻԵıġ
䣡
ŰҶͬʱײУ׷׺˼о
ôҲû뵽̺֮Ȼ
սֻ֮ܽǶ𲻵á
ЩҶ΢΢۾֮ǰ˵һôûС
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ҶĸֳһĨ֮⣬ȥǱк֮˸ȡ֮
ڵ֮ᴿСڵ׵սҲʼ˷ܵزԼϵԽˡ
Ҷгڴ׵սԼôʱ䣬һֱ޷ƿһ˿ϣ
׵սǳȻģǳشܹʹ׵սǳڴ
һ֮ҶȻĿһǰЩ㶵졣
үŮˣ֪ʲôүֻۣ


451 
Ҷվ׽֮Уֳɲ죬ǸһĨЦ
Ȼ˾浽װɣ
һȭķֲѹͬһ˲졣
һͬҲ׽֮Уս´ڣԼ
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䣡
Ҷһȭȭͷϣһ죬еһ𣬲㱻һȭɣҶȻҼ
Ҫ֪ɽ֮ˣҪʱ̱ԱʹãΪٵ׶ΣΪֲ
첻ǣҶ֪׼ƹˤ˵׽ĶʲôӰ죿
ΪûʱȥЩΪҶһո£ڶȭȻκδϢĻᡣ

챻ŭΪӣϴαҶףΪʥ½Ц
Ȼº˷ϢǴ˳ȥ˵ˣһЩ忴ҲԹԵġ
һжǰǰͣ˵Ҷɽ٣һʱʹսǰΪΪڴ֮лɱҶ
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ڹ⼤ŭ㡱۸ѵ
Ȼʹ˽ڸؼ֮ӿ񱩣ЩøӴִͿ񱩡
ԭ׽򣬸ݸ˵ʵ췣ս£Ŀӡ
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ʧҪôҶҪôҶɽٳɹԶûû˵ĸ
ΧŰɫΪѿʹȥս¼ȹ٣ûʲô⡣
ȥ̫ģ֣ҶҲԼʵôӣʱӿֲһʱ˽ѵĽ֡
սߣԡ֮еĶˣֻҶ︺ֶ¶һɳŰȴûиʵԵ˺
ɫȻŭؿԼϢ
ֲ̫ˣĴ֮УôɣӶ̾
ңһʱ䣬ֲסǸֲ̫ˡһλʥ龳ǿߣµĵ
ʱǿԽԽ࣬ǿ֮УսҶг˾ηͬʱҲϣ
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462 նħѪ
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ҶСôģҪҪСԶĥʱ޿̶ڿ־֮С
СȻĵĴӦˣÿĥһۼ꣬ĸСԴȪ
СУħѪûκεĵֿ֮Ϊһʼ˿־˼ôСУСͻԽԽǿ
ħѪ۵СУͣرиӡըʱ޿̶ڲҽУҶ΢΢ͷ
ֽħѪͷϵֻǸһƽʬĳѪ
ʶɨһսǧ⣬κս⣬Ѿڸղŵһ֮ͣˡ
ҶһӣһƬǰҽдһƬħǿߣɱ
սеһҶһ仰ħǿߵ̡
ʱǿǴһħǿ߳ȥѩ޵ʱˡ

ħǿǣȥﻹϼս׷ɢ
ôһǾ͵ڷ˵ֿǿ߸ƴʤֳɱ
һʱ䵶⽣ӰѪɣǿǶɱ۾
ҪȺ˵ˣΪԴǰ𣡡
Դ۵¸أǶǰЩѺ֮ǣְ㲻飬
Ҷ￴һۣսҹ꺮ѩ塢µǿڣҪԼٳˡ
λζֱӷɵһսϣʱκ˴սѾ˰Ȼ˫ֳ˱壬ӴӰڿػײ졣
κǷǳԿģϾκող۾ھ
κӲƾžβĴУֲӲսƽ֣ɼβһĴǶôǿ
ֻ̣ѻͽҰɡҶö˶һһǾϲһǾ
Ƕһֱƴȫս̵ʱڻɱԷȫע䣬޷Ĺ˼硣
ȻҶħѪȫһ𶯣ҲܵһĲ˭Ҳҷģ¸Էɳ֮
Ҷκϲһ֮˳սȦ
κָΣҶ˵صҶû£̫ˣ
ۣʱһĿҶȻû
Ҷһ֪ѻ֮ᣬΪһѻ죡
ɫһ䣬ҪŭȣȻ۾ɨһս˫Ŀ֮ȫǲš
ŵǣħѪ۵ϢѾʧˣһ󲻰
ħѪأ۾Լƽһ˿ʾڳſ־ѹȡ
¡ҶﵭĿ飬ĵ
۾ȻһתЦˣħѪɱԴ죬ԴˣħѪҲɱˣ
תͷźκҲۣ塢ħ۶˫˫䣬ûҪٶˣ¶ˣǽƽ˰ɣ
κһʱЩ֪ôشҶȻȨҶ
ҶЩϷʵĿ۵ⲻôֱȽϹƽأ
Ҷһֱѻ죬۶Ҷ˱ɱ֮ģκҶֶʲôҶģòѹͷŭ
ңǣôǵ飬Σ
Ҷ΢΢һЦϺʱڴ̣Ǹ;βһìܼ㣬浱Ƕɵˣðɣˣǰɡ
黹Ҷױģĵͷ
һϲæ㻹Ͻ׷ɱ壡
ʱħ嶼ɱ䣬һЩܵģûܶԶͱһɱļѡ
ͣսҲҪֽǣҸΪȻСϸϼӵ޸ġҶɫ
ã˵æϣ¿ϲÿգ۵Ĺ򣬶ǿ߱ⶼ£۲ѡ
ŶҾ˵ˣѩأǳʺϾβһܾӣǲģǾôˣʣµɡҶһµ
ûʡ۸˵û⣬ȻԣӦʣôʣ
ȻҶгĿ⣬ʱˣҶˣ

۱ˣһȦڱףһֻצҶݺץ䡣
ۣ
һֻɫסֻצӣںκĿ֮УһȣȻ۵һֻצӣݺݵ˺ѪȾա


463 
ۣ
һֻɫסֻצӣںκĿ֮У۵һֻצӣݺݵ˺ѪȾա
֮һѪͬɽһĴȣԡѪħ

Ӳ˺һȣǴҲܲסһҽС
κҲҶһǿǴǿߣѪʲôССѼЩҽܡ
䣡
֪λǿ߷һߺȺκǿߣ˽һЩҶս
ҶħѪ۵սʼǶˣսħѪǼΪǿģħ崫꣬񣬵ҪĶࡣ
ˡҶǸһĨ̵΢ЦͬѪħޡ
쵰ȥɣ
۴߶طⱩͬյգü֮зһɫâ
ǵâΪϸСһ֣նѵգ޾ĻϢҶն
СģǽѪ̣
ǵâǽǿǵâʵһǴ̣ÿһλǿߣʱᵮһöǴ̡
öǴһΪڣеĵԴȪüĵĹǴ̵С
򲻵ѣǲʹöǴ̵ģ֪ʹʹõĻᶼûˣҶֲ̫
ʧȥһȵƶûȥѹƣǽһʹ˱С
һʹкȻһΪΪУֻΪҡ
öǴϮҶһкȻһѶϽȥͨͨöǴն䡣
ۣ
˶û뵽ǣҶв۵ĶϽһնǰĹǴըޡ
ʲô
۾ԼΪ۵һô赭дĽ£޷ܡ
ԤУҶǿ󣬲Ҳ˲Ŷԡ
ҶһϲǾײ֣ûһԼʧ
Ͼ׵սѾ𣬳ܲ۵ȫһпֱ飬ǳȻĶΣ̫شˡ
ջʶ֮УϸһĨԹɱԽԽŨңҶ鲢ޣ𾴵Դ۾ǰеķߺ޴йħѪѾףʣµŭ𣬾ֻܷйˡ
Ҷһһ飬Ҷıƽв޾Ŀ־塣
ʱʧȥ˱Ǵ̣һΪʮһҶǰûа㷴ء
ۣǧŵĴڣĥңȥɣ
иһĨ֪޷⣬ȫ
ۼϢҶһ˿Աȥɣ
Ҷʧڰ֮УǰһֿסĲ
ˡǹһ˿мĲмͣһգ۵ĹϽˡ
ȻҶϢͬĹӲڣԭҪȫˡ
С죬Ҳˣ
лл磡
С˷ܵĻӦһֲ֮ӿ۵Ժ֮С
㵽ʲôɫ޾Ŀ־֮ɫȻԼΪ־Ķ
۵걻СɵԼʶڣʼĥһ۲ʱطĲҽС
Ҷзһ̾ϢԽǿˣĶżȵĿ־Ա
ħѪۺ۶ԭΪ˱Ȼһҵķû뵽СɵؾҵǵĵĿ־壬ǿǶԼųһΰˡ
ҲֻԴܹη޾壬ϧһ˽ܣôˡ
һֽͬɽһʬۼǿߵ⣬ǾԲ˷ѵġ
Ҷûκ˷ܵĸоżȵʧ䣬սΪʲô
ÿս޾ʹΪʲôôִ˲ƣɱĲֺ
Ȼһֻů֣ḧҶͷҶҪ黹ûнԴ۽и㣬ҪеΣ
Ҷźκ˵ͷڲʱԴΪҪԼĳŵᶨƵȥȹ١
ҶƣףκЩ۵ص֪ڳŵĺ࣬Ǻܶ޷ӱܵģǱȥԣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦİɣֲСˣ֪Լô߰ɣһЩȫɣ

һ½ϢҶ۴ǿߣ׸ħ壬ȫɱ
ڵֵȫ𣬴½ϵһʧ֮߳࣬νѪɺӡ
һսλ䣬ҶۺճΪʵµһˡ
ⳡս֮½Ԫˣǿⳡս䣬ʥ߾ϵǿߣ󲿷ֶˣɼⳡսôĲҡ
οǣⳡս֮ǰδеŽʣǿߣҲܹദ½һƬƽ͡
սΪԴ۾񣬼½ǿߣȫˡ
죬ҶТԵͱΪ𾴵ĳߡ
κҲǿ߲μӣκ壬ܾӱ򣬶ڴ½֮⡣
ҶﻮָǵģԭκͬǱĸ廮ֽޡ
ҶˣΪҶ֪ڵĺƽ棬ΪսոսŻˡ
һ̫ƽʢͻսʹͻῪʼǸʱսֻᱬôҲ˳õĴ㡣
ѱ򻮷ָ壬βһԸǸ񣬶壬սˡ
ԾβǿǿߣҲǣֻĴ澴η˽͵ĲŲôںƽ
κҶôһ˵ΪҶ˵ķǳеӦ
Դ۵ɵ˵ǻʽ˲ǣǻ֮˲ҶԪʹߡ
ԭԪʹҲϽλã۵ʱ֮ǿս֮ʢܳҶҡ
ɵʥ½䣬Ԫʹ򲻸λӵġ
ҶԵҪʵ޷ˣٷϴˣҪһȫȫȥ
ԪʹΪԴ۵ϯӣԴ꣬ŷḻľ飬ȫʤΡ
ûκΰ취£ԪʹֻܽλӣȻЩ죬ԪʹԴ۵մݣǷǳ˾ġ
ȻҶûнλӣǷԣʲôʱɵǲѾ˷
Դ۵ԪҪܶҪҶﲢǣ뿪
ҶĶ֮УˣǷƺͼա
ԭ˶һģΪŴǿߣԼĽݽҶǰûаʸ
ʶҶľս֮󣬶˶Ҷ۷˴Ҷ뿪˶ˣȻӦ
ϴѵԪȥϷʵ
Ҷǽ˼οռ䴩ǰһɭɭĹȿڡ
ħӣ
˷һ


464 ħ
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˷һ
ǰȿڣħӵڣǾǸʱҶħǿ߸Ͻȥġ
ϴ㲻Ǳ˰ɣٱһΣϷЩɲĵ
ҶûһϷɵͷħӣҵʱһ·ڣֻһ򣬻ʣһҴȥԣ
Ҷ˺ˮʱǰ·һǱƬǵĹ··ľͷҶ˾޵ͷıԴ֮
Ҷָоħ֮еĵڶ·Բһ裬ȻżҪ
Ҷ̫Σ˰ɣһȫ棬شˣɾˡЩǵĵ
ϾϴҶħٳ˰ʱ䣬شʱ֣ʱȥһ͵ˡ
İɣСᵢµġҶЦҶﲽʥ߾磬ΣٸУȻܵ˼ΣǹΣҪһʱ䡣
磬ǽȥҲʶʶħж£˵۶У
ѩһ˷ܵĵ˸鶼࣬δ֪Ķ˿־ͬʱҲ˺棬˵ıԡ
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ҶЦŵͷ߽ɽȣɽ֮ǰľɫһ䣬һƬɽȡ
ԶɽеһСɽ˰ߣҶ΢΢һЦǵԼɽһͷײƵġ
׼ŽĲûôǱ
һ˶ɫ䣬ǺȻԼһ޷ˡ
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Ҷ￴žʧЦ£ĹҲǰˣ
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ҶҡҡͷָǴײСɽЦҽʱûôݣǷɽģս͵һ࣡
һӾ˹׷״ЦôһЦŵһӱˡ
ǸңֻǰǧҪˣ
ҶǰһȻǸһǰɫ̱仯һƬïܵ֡
˶һҲû׷ʣҶĽŲһǰ֪任ΣǰһƬɫ
߰ɣ·ˣŲҪɫҶ￴Ƭϳǰ·
Сظ󣬺ȻԱߺˮһ󲨶Ϯ˴󾪡

ѩ峤ʣһɹײǵˮ֮ϣˮ֮зһҽУһֻһĺɫˮ֣ɱ
ҶʲôҶҶֵ
ҲԿĺˮǳѶԸϴαɱ˺ܶ࣬ѾôΣˣ
Ҷһ·ǰȻʱкɫˮֹ˶֣в
һ·ϿôǿߵʬǣǲëȻͨҶĽǶÿһУΪţ𺧣Ůӣŵûʧɫ
յҶޱ壬ҶﵱʱֻΪҳֿȭһ·Ȼա
һߵļ죬˺ˮǰһƬĮǰ·һͨɽ֮һ·ΪƳͷ֪ͨδ
߰ɣʱ䣬ҪˣΪǰҧ˵ĳӡҶЦ
˱ΪҶڿЦأǰвһʱ䣬ɳ֮аǯɫˡ
䣡
һɫĴĹ˷Բһӽǰǯޡ
ϴΪûбӡϷɳԾĿҶ
ӡˣһԪԶáҶħ֮󣬷ֻһԪ֪һԼħͻʱõģĲ١
һǰǰУԽԽǯͬѪħƴض˺ҧ
ʱһЩ©֮㣬ӹҶķм䣬һҧڼյϡ
ʥڼףҧһд󺧣Щǯжֲˡ
ǺƣҶһˣΪ⣬ֿȭôȥģ
Ǵʮֵľ񣬲˿⣬ظҶ󣬷©ǯϮ
һ·Ҷ˫ȭ裬ǯ棬׷ױɻңҶȻԺʵɱôӣΪôˣ
ڷˣûص㻹ǳٶ۰ʥ߾Ϊˣֻ֮
Ҷһ㶣л´һԼС磬ڵСһƬ
ɽɭ֣Į󡭡ӦоУֱһ硣
֪ԼСʲôʱӵģԼĵ鶯ȫ֮СһƬء
ʥ߾СȻȻĳȡıԴ֮ԼСԣȫԸ۱ȼˡЩ̾ĵ
Ȼ¾Ϊ˽⣬ˣϰҲ¾ûô
ֻǾ¾ҶϣȻҲ˱죬þΪ֮⡣
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ȿȣܡҲơ࣬šӦӵġЩεĵϾҲ޷뺬ǡ
Ƿ𣿡Ҷŭ
ȿȣ㲻ҪҲ֪кܶ鶼δ֪ģҪȥ̽ȥ
˵ЩûõģҪ֪ڸô족ҶϾĆµ
ҷ¾˱죬СѾˣôǾСΪͻƿڡ
ȻأҶʵ
ûˡܸɴĵ
ˣң
ҲҲֻһ˼⣬·ߺͽҪԼᣬʵ˹۵㣬ο˵꣬ڵж˸ҶϵȻҶȥˡ
ȥҶﱻĻðɣ̫ˣһ⣬бӵ
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ϴʲô̼ˣôһҧгݵı飿Ϸһɻ
ҹ꺮ѩҲһӵƣɱҲɱŭ죿
䣡
Ҷһȭȭ缤֮ǰĳȺ׷ױȺ֮Ϊ֮һ塣
֪䣬ǯѾʧˣ·Ҳ˾ͷǰһɽһʯţסǵȥ·


465 
ǰʯŲֻмʮɵĸ߶ȣһƬɢżΪӵϢ
Ҷһʯţʯһģ޷򿪣΢΢һüͷһȭʯ֮ϡ
飡
һҶﾪǣʯžȻ˿Ҫ֪ҶڵѾ󵽲˼飬һȭɽҲ׾٣ǰʯžȻһ㷴ӦûС
ҲǴһǶҶǼΪ˽ģ۶Գܲס
ü̵ʯţ
Ҷȭͷ˽ɫһȭҳ
飡
˹Ĥ죬ʯ˿˶ˣʯ̫а˰ɡ
磬Ҫնԣѩһնµ
ɡҶҡҡͷȻûʹ壬ǸղŵѾˣʯ˿ǳаš

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ɽΪƳһ·Сǰн߳ĳȣǰȻ˹
ľͷһƬƽ̹ʯ̨Ϊ̤ʯ̨ĿĹˣ˶Ŀɿڴ
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찡ڵ磬ôˡһ
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գֻǲԼʶͲɱԼǺεȵҶ붼һͷƤ顣
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ܹˣϢȾ޵ϢҪŨΪۣ֮ʥ½ԴͿġ
ȻʱҶԤУνмĻԵԲŽ·϶ȫ
ԵѾԶԶسҶҲǿϲѣ׷ײٶ໰ʼתΪǳ֮
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Ҷ΢΢һЦѾܿɱ¾ΪˣֻСΪͻƿڣԼͻơ
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466 ֮
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Ҫס棬ҶϲԸҲҶռһϯ֮ءСЦ
˺СµĻҶﲻһ죬ô֪ǰ˵⣬ʵΡ
ͯ޼ɣҶﰲοԼæκͿȼ񣬶ԮҶǴмġ
Ҷˣ˼䣬ҶǸ߶սռˣƣûҪôˣ뻻սʽ
ҶĻԪæȻˣָӰɣ˵ʵ㲻һֱĵģ
ԪĻһЦ˵Ҳʵ飬ָ壬ѹʵ̫ˣǹϵ˰
ãȻҵʲˡҶҲ飬ȻԴ۽صԼҪȫȥ
ҶվսϷ׷裬ĿǳŴء
Ǻκȡҹ꺮ѩ塢¡硢ŷǵһڴۼǿߡ
塢塢ǿǣϣЩսӰȫ˷ܣһȺǿˣγʲôش٣
ȫ
Ҷһ죬´


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ǿǣҶûһ˿ԥ׷׳ǰɱȥ
Ǻʥ쾳ǿߣʥ߾ħ֡Ҷȵ
ˮ޺
ˮ޺ӦһǺǿߣ׷ڿն˲ɣרնɱΪʥ߾ϵĴħ֡
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ۣ
ѪɣȻħǿޱȣǷϣ̫ɫ齣һʱ
һʱ佣ѩѪɣǿ߾𣬶Щֲħ֣Ҳôˡ
ǰϷնɱ־Ǻǿ߹һ飬ʣµĶЩĴħ֡
ЩħȻսǿǰǾʥ߾ϵǿ߶಻ʤ
˫һӴħ־ͱͬвһ㣬ɱʬҰ
󷽵ˣǰɱף׷׸ߺţǰɱ
Ͼ̫࣬˫սкܶ˳ɱ˰죬һͷħҲûɱʵ졣
ϾĶǿߣ˭ûЩ룬Լսش٣һҲûɱǼֱĪĳ衣
ɱ
˸кţһ㣬񿳣ˡ
ԪͷҶĿģôΪԵ˵Ŀ־塣
һ־壬ȻһΪڣܹӵսۿۡ
ҶǳǣҪǡħûʲôµġ
ҶĲԺܼЧٶȣеĿ־壬ߵǿߣƴǰ壬֪ˡ
Ԫʹ֪֪ףҲֻҶã˸ﲻЧ
ͣҪңħֵⲻܳԣʲôҶЦ
ҶѣһЦʿȴһ
磬Ҫǳ𣿡ѩЩʵ
ҶҡҡͷҪѴô򵥣ֲĶںأ
ʱҶɫûһ˿ЦݣΪأΪһԤУΪõԤУԤѹЩ͸
ҶĻһݣ֪ҶΪˣ˵Ļ޵ķʸܹΪֲǾ;Ŀֲˡ
ǰƽҶȻȵֹͣǰԭز󣬶սǰ˫ػأԶ̺ѹƣ
ҶֹͣǰŴħֽǰǿĶսػ⵶иħ־ɱ
Ҷﺰͣλӣǳнպڿռͨ·һǳ΢ľ롣
ħִӿռͨӿ룬ͻ巢棬ħָߴޱȣǿһγɳ棬
Ϸָ齣ڸպγɳǰһΣһɱʥ쾳Ĵħ֡
ϷɵһأħּǰɱһξٶȻû£ˮ޺Ǻǿߡ
ڶأģǰеʱ
˵Σǵٶȳ׵ñסɱħ֣Чʵľ롣
ԪָҶг˾ھָⷽ棬Ҷ˧š
ĲϾͿԿһսԤⶨģսı仯һʱҵԷ㣬ֱӸһ
ԼıսԪʹ붼һ죬Լָⳡսǿߣװ
սһֱڳȻҶսΪȴ޷ģħʵɵġ
ʱĺ󷽣һ˷Բ֮ң
񣡡
Ҷﾪϲؽеû뵽񣬾Ȼƶġ
ⲻҵı壬һͶӰ˵˿ֵķΧڣܵƣֻҪ̱Ժܿ츴ԭġ
ʱպһߣ͵֦΢΢ڶһλ嶼˰ʥ߾ǿߣһʱ䣬ȫָˣ񼼡
ϢǿܣһЩ˵ǿߣҩҩҲҪϳʱȥָ
ĳ֣һӽǵĺ֮ǣǵõ˼ıϡ
Ҷ֪񣬸ôңԶľ룬ͶӰȻ˺
ָƣȻҪ𼰱Դ֮ҶмصҶ
̫ˣԶһߣһ߻Ӧ
Ҷ˵ͷˣЩ˵̫ࡣ
ſռͨԴԴӿĴħ֣ڿϢĿֲͼҶһ£˵ռͨǸ󷨵ļӳ֣ȹ̡û´Ļò˶ãͿøǿĵ˹׼
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ҶĻ䣬Ǹռͨһ󼤵һӰڶڡ
Ҳһͷħ֣ͷħǧɣͬһɽһأͽһƬ
ۼ
˳һͷħϣǸܵ˼ѹ˵ĵȼ
ͷۼħһ֣ͷһŭһɽ󴸺ݺݵضǰϷȥ
жǿ򽣹ڣ
Ϸһȣ齣һϳһ޽Ŵۼħնȥ
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һ죬ֲˣΧĴħֻĩϷɺǴۼħ֣ˡ
ɽȥӦһϷɣֻħ֣ȽϳԿҶһܿɽ
ϣҵġܿɽһЦֱǰȥ
ϷɸոոۼħӲƴһǣ˸ҪսͿܿɽ
ϴϢϢҰɡܿɽϷɣ˫۷ŹĵȻۼħּΪĶ
ϷЩؿһǸۼħֻ֣εصôӦңĳ
ٺ٣զа
Ϸˣܿɽһֱ¶壬ǧɣ˫һϣŴħֺݺȥ
ͷۼħ֣еĴӣով𣬾ͱܿɽС
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սϣдħֶѾɱҶˣȫˡ
䣡
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ǧɵӰҶ۾΢΢һУǵһοۼܿɽչֱ塣
ۼǧߣ˵ԼμǸֳ־ּնɱħ
ǧһ硪۾ôԼǸֳ־ˣһӣۼħҷ˵жǿ
ʹԼҲ벻ͨΪʲôҶμЩ
䣡
һ죬ײܿɽһŭ˫ڴһģһһģһĵ֡
Ǹ񣬲֪һģһȻΪҲһģһ۵ϢŴħֳȥ


471 Ͷ
飡
һģһܿɽͬʱ֣սӣ죬һƽǴۼħɡ
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κݣͬΪ壬Ȼóܿɽһõֻѡ
֪Զʥܵһ崫вԶʷҲûʲô̫û뵽ȻôĴУٻͬս
ǿǣһ𺧵ؿǰսг˾η
ܶ˶֪ҶĳɳʷܿɽİܿɽҶߣּ١
һ͵ԣһ־;춯أӰͬ񱩵ֻƣǴۼħѹŴ
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˿Ķˣħ֣һƣʹؼȻսӿֲ
ҶҪҪ֧Ԯһ¡ԪʹЩĵĵ
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ܿɽ˫ײ˴ۼħеľ޴֮ϣһ챬죬ֲľӿ
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Ҷ诼Ҷ͵Цݣһ죬Ŀ֮ȫϲɫ
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޴ֱӽŻϾеκǧɸߵӰȻء
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ȫʮ˻֮ʣҶ˵ĶС
Ǻϣɹӱʿض徫ǿ߷ķ߽ǣξһ˼䣡
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սʿǣһ챩ȣ׷׸Էλĸķ
һǿǣȽϱͷ׷פأһʱ佫ռͨΧˮйͨ
͸ողɣռͨһ󲨶ĺӰӿռͨڷɳ
ЩӰ֮ʱҶĶһЩӰȫǳɵĳӡ
ӷףͨ峤źëϺɫëë棬жٶȲ죬ǰ
ľëë棬ӿռͨͷƤ飬͵ħ˭£ë׵Ȼ﷢

ҶԷʹһ񣬷ʱ⣬гһڣֲңʱ£һɳ
ۣ
ëë汻һɱĿɿڴǣǾëë汻ɱ屬Ѫ
Ҷɫһ䣬ȵ˼ˣ
󣬷ȥǻǺɫѪӼ죬˱ˡ

ҽЩǿߣʥǿߣ̻Ϊһغˮֲ
Щʥ߾ǿҲЩֲסð̣ͬһ㣬ʹĲҺѡ

̵֦Щǿϣһʥסǵ塣
ԭҪڻһ壬ֹͣڣҲۿɼٶȻָ
лȣ
µǿǣĵĸмԮ֣Ǽֲ˶á
Ķأκ鵤ҩ޷ֵʵ̫졣
ǾھͶĶʱЩͶǰһֻȻһͣܲϸëͬɫһ㣬кķӡ
Ҷһһ죬γһɫĴ֣סЩë̡

һܼı죬Щë̴ҶĴ֮ϣȻһһ춯

ֻͶոշ̣޴һ磬ĺڶ𣬿ɢ
ûɢǰǿǣʱһ֮ŻζѬͷǡ
˲ȻͶĶҪǱڣҪ赹ˡ
οǣĶɢĲ죬֮߷ԲǧķΧͣ

ЩͶһǰнһ¶Ƶ׷׺ˡ
ֻ治ͣ¶Щڻٵǰƽǿǣֻܷ׷׺ˡ
Ⱥ˶ĵëë棬ʽҲô˶ġϷĴ
ôͶһɱͻԱɱǾķʽǰƽ
ЩͶΪߣǵĶ̫ˣʥ߶Եס
ҶǺáҶվҶߣЩĵ
ЩͶǰɵİΧȦͱ󣬵ʱԽԽ
Ȼ˽ȴֻܿżûκεӦ֮ߣϷҲᱻƿڴˡ
һЩͶȫɱôһǸΧ»Შ򣬺Ϊء
Ǹʱǿֻ˳һûнߵռʱǼΣˡ
ǵǾסռͨڣöԷֻʹս޷б
ҶȻڼٵ˼˿龰ȫһԣ»Ҷ
Դֲֲܴ˵ľ棬˶Ⲣܹ⡣
պͷƸеһͬΪŴ޵һ񸴻ȴһæﲻϣǺѹ
ǰľͶڻƽۿžҪҶ˵ǰ
ҶȻ΢΢һЦһֵֵܽǣ׼ɻˣ


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Ҷ΢΢һЦͷһɣҹ꺮Ϸɵˣ̫ϤҶģֻҪ©ЦݣȻ뵽˰취
һɽ㡢꺮ָӡҶ˵ȻȵҺһңȺĵĳȫ£
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ҶｫԪתΪ֮ܿɽڣõҶܿɽʱеǰδеǿ
Χǣ
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Ϊʥ߾ߣСڶˮԴֻСĴС
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ҹ꺮еĺ꽣ǵеļƷ޺֮ҹ꺮ѵһĺ֮壬߽ϣ֮˼Ϊֲľ硣
Ҷ׼һ㣬ûʲôð취ԸôֵľͶ档
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֣жһѹȣһռͨһ˻𣬶ǰ
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ѩ塢¡ƣ˳֣ɱ䡱Ҷ
˵˵ͷֱӭλۼ֡
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ͬʱһȣһ磬նɱǰľ֮ϡ
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ǵߴߴֱӴľ룬ɨһƬǿߡ
ǿ߱ǹһգɫȻɼΪ֮ɫƤϸܼĿʯһƬ
ֲľͷ飬ŹֵĹ˻ǵһο
ȫɱǡҶ
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˼ҶĻǰľӶٱУٶ롣

һɫĻɹҪʱǾȫߡ
ʱſ壬һǧɵľϲɫ棬βĻߡ
ײϣһӽסƬ̼䣬㱻һա
ǵӰǲȸϵɫ棬ǲ֮棬Ҳǽ˴۾
նϵľֻƬ̼䣬ͱһա
ȸһֳ֣һζͣ΢΢һξ롣
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ۣ
ˮǽ֣ˮǽˮӿߴһˮĻʱ򣬹߰ࡣ
ˮǽʱǵѾüˣ䵽ǣֻ΢оƤһûбʯ
л说۾֮
Щâ䵽ǿǣʱһҶ诵л
飡
һ촫Ѿӭ֡


473 
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Ӵת㣬ιһʱʩչֽţƵˣ롣
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óԶ빥ֻʹιɱ̫ˡ
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뵽ǾϣһĨЦݡ治ҿеˣ
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Ҷ￴˿ռͨһۣȵǻвʱ䣬뽫ǻɱ
һ׷׿ʼƣʽԽԽ
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ѩһľȫΪ˻ɱ֣ӶԷһȻУѪ졣
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мλǿߣһСıǳҶӾУһ飬ȻһΪȻ޷ãȫѪٱա
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ĶãһߵС죬һ߶˵ĹΪ󲿷ʶڵСϣ޷ЧĹһʱǱ֡
ҹ꺮ˣ̬ΣħһŮӣ֮ΪֲĴڣ뽫סһָƾһˣ縲
˳ֶΪħһŮӣΪɷǵĹϣȻᱻĵһ֡
д󼱣׷׼ٽһʱħһŮ˺Ϊҡ
ԭûа˷ϵĳӺӣʱɫڱˣΪǴڵҶϣܵѹ
ߣҿڵΣ
һһֻצźХľ磬ֱҶĺץȥ
ž
ҶﷺŽɫĴ֣ץס˳ǳһһֻŶҶСȥ
ĽŻû߳ҶֱӵһɿֲϮûУͱ
Ӽ״żڿһ㣬жһѶ̽Ƕ̽һ֣ÿռһŤȻһ
ֱ̽ҶĺĶȥΧκԵʽǳЧСҶٵо顣
ҶԴӴԽһ·֮ϾĴսСվѾ޴Եо飬רҼ
һϮҶﲻأеĳӣӺݺȥ
ȻΪǿ󣬵ǵһĴ򷨣Ȼ˵ʹãһӦڲܷʱѾ˹
飡
ӵһȣݺݵǸӵļϣӣʱɡ
Ǳֵͷǵĳӣ־ŭȻһ弱ٱ˲ʮɸߵľˣһҶС
ձɾˣӴһݺݵضҶȥ
Ҷһȭͷ׼ֺλúݺȥ
ۣ
ǳӵĴֺڸҶȭͷӴһɲǣɷ飬ʹǳֱС
֮󣬳ף൱£ԽԽԿæΣָ˴СצҶݺצȥ
Ҷɫȭͷ裬ѹһͷǳӲͣصˡ
䣡
ҶһȭڳӵļͷֲһѪĿ֮Уûа·ԽԽѪԽԽ񱩡
СӣһҪ˺Ƭ
ӷһŭʱǰ߷ɵӣж̽һָҶһӰҶ
ͣ
ҶҶһȭӵצײѾܲǶ̽̽Ҷĺ󱳣Ҷоһ䣬·һ㣬Ӷԡ
æת֮֮ȫǹɺ˺ָֻܶ࣬ҶеĶϽ˼ɵ
ֻǱ˵ƤͲסһҪǾΣˣæʮֵľӦ
쵰ٲɱˣҾҪɱˣҪǱɱˣǾԲŹǵģ
ħһŮĽкʱ类ǧһ㣬Ѫͷɢͬһ㣬ûеĴݡ
Ӻɫһ䣬Ȼ˫˫һ󳤳ͬһ󳤳һβ͡
Сȥɣ


481 
ĺɫϢ֣ɫһ֣ҶԾķ֣˵Ϣһʧˡ
ʵҲӦ˵ʧϢһӱһʥ½з޷Ϣ׽

Ӵһģ֮Уһɫ𣬺ɫӭչҶ
Ǻɫ𣬿ȥǻûģҶֱв
ҵɫȭͷ֮һȭźɫ䡣
䣡
Ҷﵫһǿ˱ɣһɹ޷ֵѾⷶΧ
СӣɲķԵֵġӷһɭЦűɵҶ֮ȫǲм
ӼҶﱻɣԳӵɱȥǸ鷳Ůˣ
ȥɣǸŮҾͶģǴ˸һȣˡӺݺݵص
˵껰Ӵһ죬һǰһ𣬶Ҷ
Ҷˣ˵Ϊһ֪ǵĻ˵ѾˡɷȻֻոս񾳣ֻ۳һ˿ڵűʵ÷׵޷ֵġ
ҶҲΣһȭħһŮʱͷˣûзԼʱҲĪ˰˳ϡ
Ҷﵱʱļӳ£ʲô壬ҲȻᱻҳɷĩǸʱˣԼǲһϡ
ӸҪħһŮȥȻһ쿪
ۣ
ֻ۳ֻ𣬺ȻǸ׷ӣ֪ʲôʱжһѶϽǰѶϽֻն顣
Ӻͬʱһǿ۳壬ѶγЧ
Ƕ˶Ǹոս񾳣۳֮࣬ǷǳıԴ֮ħһŮӵв˵ʲôҲʩչ
ֻ𣬾ն飬˾ĿҶеĶϽôҲѶϽʲô
ȺɱǸɧŮһʱˡӶӵ
ӵͷҲˣҶеĶϽйŹ֣뽫նɱͬʱ͸һḬ̃
ǶǳıȻˣܹΪУȻԼʵ

˺Ҷ֮ϣ˺ۼףƤһ㣬ںڷĹצӸǱһ㣬ղַ˱仯
ӵֻ۾Ȼ·п˿ռ䣬һߣֱҶ
Ҷһٶȼ죬ܵʱ䶼ûУеľǹն䡣
飡
Ҷһǵ߾Ȼʵ幥ֱ֮۷顣
ʱҲ˵Ҷߣеצź⣬ҶĿץ䣬ûҶ壬ҶƤʹ絶

䲻ݷ֮ʵסצȴסǿֲʮɵľ롣
ҶʹǣǵĹͨͨȴ̺һķ򣬲Լô㣬ӲеˣֻӲ
ϵΪ죬ҶĹд뱻ж޷ʵѹѪ
˵԰ٷְٵĻҶϣҶȴҪսʽҶﻹǵһ
顭
ͬ籩һĹ̺֮ҶƵˣоڣֲ֧סˡ
ôòˣǰҶﺰ
Ѿ񾳣ǹвٴҲûô߶ҵԷҵʵεĵ
ĽͣҶˣǾԼǿ󣬿ÿλӶķԪȥò˶ãԪͻһա
ҶȻһͣСеսϵ֮ǣͬʱ֮ܲ
Ʒ籩
ϵĿױҶȫ˹ƣӰŰ
ţ
Ӻɫ΢΢һݣʲô壬ǰҪܵԼʹ˵Ҳ⡣
һ֣΢΢һϣٶܵһӰ죬һߡ׶ѣ뵽Ըǣ̫ˣ
ҶҲ𻰣ֳսֳ־عǣͬʱ׽һƬϸ΢Ĳûκ˵ע⡣
֮ļӳ֣ҶսԷܵһӰ죬һʱ˫ֲ¡
ʱǿǣѾյ˵˼ңԶĵط֮еӰȭͷ
Ҳ۴˲սʵֻĿţͣ۴ʤ
ҹ꺮ΧħһŮӣŮûʲô֮ǵй޷ճ˺
ħһŮؿһˣΪǿ˿Ѫˣˡ
ٵͬʱҲѣҶһҪΪ˼ˡ
ӰѾŮ˿ࡱϷҧгݵĵǰħһŮһ仰ǧսʿ͸񶾵Ůˡ
˶Ϸɲ࣬ۿŴپҪʤˣһ֣ͽջɱʮӢѪݺ⣬ֻѪϴˢ
Ǹħ񲻹Ҫ˵ĹҪصС֣һСӵ磬ǿʮڿֲħһǰֻ׸ķݡ
ʱֻܺԼ⣬һʼСĽԲҶĵһߴȫ̽䣬䵽Ǳľأһͣ޷ʩչ
޵˾Ҷ۵ڶ޵ȴС죬Ӻͳӡ
ΪһⲻϴԼԼЩ˵Уţ󣬱Ȼ˳Ƥ
ǾзߺޣǰȴĲãҹ꺮ĹƿķؿڵĴ󶴣ˣǹ
ڵϾȥӺӣҲ֪ǣҲҶ˽άȣȫӲƴ
䣡
ı죬޾֮дӰͬ磬м
֮вʱرâ磬ܹɿ򡢱ǣ׷׹ڵأĬҶ۵֡
ӺӴʱҲƴ˻ͣȫҶеĶϽޱȣȻǵĹȫס
ȻͬʱĸоԼһĲ˺Ȼתͷֻһѳǧľ޽ͬУն
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482 
򡪡顪ڣ
齣ɳǧľ޽Ŷ˺ݺն䣬޴綼ʧȥ
ҶٻƷ籩֪֮ǹʲôвĿĲڴʱ
Ʒ籩ǵע˿ռ䲨ת齣һûһ˿
򽣹ڣҶȫ齣ʹԴں֮ѽѾ˿ǰ
ӺͳӣʱѾæֻܻ֮סҪ
䣡
ǹɿֲɢǣоͺ񷱬һ㣬ҫ۵ĹâϹ
âɢȥҶǰӣʱѪͷ¶һƬΪֲ
ҶͫһôǿУȻѵ۷żôңԶ
Ҫ֪նɱĶڼսʿǴ۷ĴڣȻǿޱȣûǰ⼸ôֲǿļֱ˾
Сӣ㳹׼ŭˣ
ӷһŭ˱ɭϢһ
ӼˣԥһºҲ˿˵ıϢ֮Զսǿǣֱſ˵ֵ
Ⲣʲôϵѹƣһ˾ѹƣڵأûκλػء
걬ƣһҪƴˡмΪصĵ
ȥ
Я޾ѹҶ
Ҷһеľȫ
ۣ
ҶѪʮľ룬㱻ѣʹ걬֮ǹ󵽲˼顣
ԥˣǿҲ޷⣬һˮǽɱҲǿƴ̶ȣ԰ˡ

ҶһǣҪ˯ˣ
İɣһָĳ̶ȻһΣ˯Ӧ
ǰش٣ʼûʹǣشͽˣ
ԭÿѡеˣѭ浸֮ˣҶ棬ղʶÿζʧˡ
ֻеҶһ·ɱնаͽþõ˼Ļָ
˵ڵľʥ½ʷǿʱڡ
Ҷ˵ͷʱӺӣѾ˵Ҷǰ֮У޾ɱ⡣
еľ߸߾𣬺Ȼͬһ㣬һǿƥƣֱʣǳŲ
ӺӦ˫Ŀ֮еķ˲˾
ǣ
Ҷһȣеľǰһӣһӹѣ綼һп
ǰĿռһ澵һ㣬һնƣ©޾ĺڰռ䡣

ӺӾֵĽкţƴȫȥֵǹʹ̤񾳣Ѿһնɻҽ
ʧֻһĿռѿڣϡ
ﳤĿռѷǰҶȻֳֶϽն죬ǳ
Ǿþ޷˵ؿͬսҶ׷׹ȥ
ҶĴϢţղһȻҪǾɣȻҪȥһһ½ˡ
㡭ôҶеʵ
аɣһӽһĹˣ㹻Ŭ˲ҲЩĻӦ
Ǿͺã
ҶһȻһһֻ֦סͬʱεԴԴϵ͹Ҷﾫһ
İæݽߵԪʼָԪ纣ָΪ
ѾˣƾԼ֪Ҫòָܻˡ
Ϲ֦⣬·ȥҹ꺮µдۼǿߣƴǸŮӡ
Ҷﶼòǿ嶼ˣɲΧ֮У

ҶжϽӳʱյǡôħһŮӣոձܿѩһֱײҶĶϽ
һɺϣһжޱȷḻս飬ܵļ㣬ŵõĽ
ۣ
ѪŽҶһնͷ­ħһŮӷһĺС
˾ǣǸͷ­û壬ȻԶƮɣȻӡ
Ƽ
ŷһ߳һ޴Ľɫʸֱ䴩ħһŮӵͷ­
ħһŮֻʣһͷ­ѾǰԲŻᱻһ䴩
ɾˣǸͷ­ֻʸǰ˾
˻ѵǲ֮
ۣ
Ǹͷ­м䣬ҶӰǰһӳͷ­顣
ͷ­ոձһ͸ӰʱħһŮһģһ
һ֣ȫǿ־֮ɫҪܣгһУ˹ȥ

ħһŮӷһֵĺУɱǸл˹ȥ
ؿ֮ʱϸ޾ԹеҾҲţ
˵껰ħһŮӣһЩ׷ͷϸһ·
ǵ·ԽԽȻ˴һæסҪ
Ǿǣһ죬ûκβ˶Ҵ⣬ȫ䱸
ʱȥˣûа㶯㿴ңҿ㣬һĲ⡣
ҶʶУ캣ˣС쾪ϲҶ磬ҽ
ԭСħһ壬ɸߵħ꣬Ǹħһǿ꣬պ÷ı׼꣬һͻˡ
˵껰ҶǰֳһŮС죬ڲ͸ʵ֡
ҶǰȻһŮ˶һ׷׳С졣
ţԼˣ
ҶæֹˣϲС죬ʵˣ
ǰڿһ磬֮л㿴С˵껰ʼͣر任Լס
һŷǣһ磬ȻҶɫ΢΢һ䣬Ŀ֮иһĨʹ
ΪʱСӣǳȻ绪ƮƮɣǸʳ˼̻ʣֱһģһ
һ̾ǲ֪Ů˭Ҷʶ
Сɱ任ˣ޲棬任硢ŷǵˣһģһװֹ͡޲һģһ
ֻ任ɳȻʱŷǡ˶һȻ
Բ𣬴磬ҲġСҶɫ֪ԼˣæҶǸ
޷شٹҾһȻһģʱֿžˡȻҶвɵůůġ
ôãһž۵ġС찲ο
ҶͷȻʵˣС죬ǸŮ󵽵ʹʲô
ᵽħһǰͷϸֵͼСɫһ䣬̧ͷգɵһ


483 ڤ׿
Сɫһ䣬̧ͷգɵһ
˳СĿȥֻǰ֮ϣһ󲨶Ȼƾճһ˫֡
˫ַ·һ㣬ձ˺ѣһӰ˽
򶨵ģƿӣ뷿һɣ˼ѵһ¿ˮ
һӣȥʮ꣬òǳǳӢĿ֮Уа֮ɫĺ
ӽ֮һۣ˵ͷһ𣬷·һܶᱻһۿһ㡣
벻£Ȼڷ磬ǻܸͦɵġӿڣƽˮϲŭ
ЩĿСһۣͷһܼħһ壬Щ߸ϵļһȻ
磬鷳ˣ˿һǿߡСޱصĵ
Ҷͷһ֮ǰܹɷ֮ϣǻ񾳡
񾳷Ϊ׶Σһ׶Ϊڶ׶Ϊ𾳣һ磬û˵
ҲǴ֮ϵĵһ磬ͻ˴֮ڵʱ䣬ݻ
ɱ˾ǿߣڲ֮Ҷ˵ĹǴ󲿷ֶᱻߵ
ȻͬʱǾż𣬳Ӻӣϵ֮ؿڡ
֮֮ΪۺľǸħһŮӣҶϸܵвСϣò
ʹСѹƣҹ꺮ˣֶξҲ޷ͻֻһĥǿҶ֣Žɱ
ħһŮӣ񣬼ȼȻΪȴò
ǿҲûеȼֻܱ֮Ϊα
ħһŮӵǿѾ˾ˣǰС˵һλûһˡ
˭Ҷؿӵ
ԳƺΪڤ׿ҲԳƺΪħôƺСԳΪڤ׿ǿߣĵ
νش٣һְŵİɡҶһʳĵ׵ʡ

û뵽ǣڤ׿ûκԥֱӻش
һеΪʲôҶȻ
ΪʲôܳҺæûʱǽͣǵĻʵҲˣ·ˣһнָƽ
ڤ׿˵껰һ죬ع̣ͷǷ·һӱס˲ӣֻһ֮䡣
šҶһϺȡ
ڤ׿ǸһĨЦ⡰ôҪ£
Ҷ۾һУڤ׿ǿ޷󣬲ЩһֱһҪʳ
ڤ׿۾صνشٲһıǽ½׳һ㣬ÿϰ꣬ͻոһءʵһֱ𣬲ûôΪõʲôɣ
ڤ׿ޱ飬ͫȴ΢΢һûнӻµĿҶ
㲻˵˵ĶԵġҶ΢΢һЦôҲ²ǵĿİɡÿش٣ǾͻὫǿ¾ȴһʤļౣϣѭȥÿش٣ͻĿ־;ǵĿİɣ
֪Ļ治٣Һܺ棬㻹Ҵپȣڤ׿ޱϣ¶һ˿졣
ôΪȡֱۡȸ˵ûɡҶ
ڤ׿һҶֿ˿ߵС죬˵ͷȷʵḻܹħϣǵĿģò˵ܴ
ҶԳЦһЦĳƺҵΪǵֱʱ̫ԶˡǲشٵʱոǻĹ۸ģЩİĹӱŰһԲϣɱˣʹһԹҲʹȥɱšǶʲô񣬶һȺħһȺΪа
˵ҶĿͬڤ׿΢΢һݡ
벻벻ô˲ˣĺ˲ڤ׿Ȼ޵
ڳ˶ˣ֪شٵԭ
ԭһȺһ㣬Ȧÿһʱ䣬ͻᱻһأ뵽г˷ŭ裬Ҷ˵ǻһֱڹء
ҲҶΪŭĵطͻɣܶеĹġ
ԴӰ˻ĳǳһ·֮ϣһЩûӵĴΪһССĶԹҪأſڱտҪȫ塣
ʱҶֻΪ˱߻ˣвǺԽԽھЩԾˡ
⽫ԼеĲ²˵Ϊ֤ʵһ£ıˡ
ҶѾ֪Ҫ֪ģѾ񾳣ܹԸģһеҽ͵ȥҶԺ͸һ˿Ρ
ܽ˴𣿡Ҷʵ
ܣֻһˡĻشҶĵһ
һеĶϽָڤ׿
ǿеĹ餣Ǽƻĺİɣ
Ҷ仰ڤ׿ɫһ䡰ô֪̥£ȥǿգ
̥Ӧ˵ħ̥ɣȺ˵Ѫԩ꣬ȥǹҶҧгݵĵ
ڤ׿ɫһ䣬ߵϻ˵ˣ·һʹ
һ죬Ҷץ䣬ֻƽƽ棬ûа㲨ȴҶ˼ѹ
Ҷȫ䱸еľֻն䡣
飡
Ҷһնڤ׿ϣҶȻһɣؿھҲѪ
Ѿȼ𣬻ȣûκǣܶԸġغ
ҶһĨǵѪӦ֪Ը񣬾һΣҲҵĻǵģ
ε̾ϢһҶôʱ䣬ǿҶһһɳģҶԸ̫˽ˣȰ⡣
Ҷһ֮¾ͱˣ˶һǿҶһҲֵס
ڤ׿ɫһĨ𾪣ҶҾȵ£Ȼ˼ʮʱĻҪ࣡
𾳵Ϊһ۾ͿҶΪʥ۷ѣɷû
ǾΪȻԼһȻȫһħһŮӣҲӲ¡
ҶһȻֻ˵΢Сˣ𾪣Ҳһ
ѶϽйŹ֣벻½֮УȻֶٽԣ
Ȼڤ׿ɫͷ΢΢ƻһȭͷ
ȭͷҶﻺϮƲûаڳеҶȴевëֱ
Ҷһ˫ֳ־˫ۣȫ纣ûκα
䣡
ŭΣӿȥ


484 
䣡
ŭΣӿȥ
񱩵ն˰ߣرޣһײС컹ǿۼǿߣȫɡ
ԶսǿǣͬеƮûаֱֿ֮ӱƷɡ
ۣ
ҶѣһѪҶоȫǼܶҪɢˣһôǿ
ʹ̼Ҷÿһ񾭣Ȼһ֦ҶһɼΪٵҶ塣
ϵۿɼٶȻָţͬʱҶоԼڵԪȻȫ
ڤ׿ЩŵĿԼƣȫ벻һɷûˣȻסԼһ
̧ۿҶڰҶظһͽȻҷ
ڤ׿絶һҵƷط·նƣԶĿɿڴ֮Уޡ
񣡡
ǿǷһ֪ⲻһͶӰͶӰ飬Ἣ˼ıԴιĵȼ
ҶסҵıϸͶӰɢ֮ʣһ
˼ûôȤˣҺ֪ʲô赲ң
ڤ׿ĿҶһ𣬸һϣ޷㷴
ҶûаϣٺʹǡҲκβһҰ߰ɣ㻹ΪǱ𡱾Ȱ
˶ˣиƨãȻҪҾͶһˣڻȪ·ϣҲ̫įھһУ
Ҷһ˻˫Ŀֺͬգ׷裬
˲֮ʣҶıһ䳤ɵĻ両֣ǧ˿һ֣ضŲ޾Ҷۼ
Ĵ֮Ȼڤ׿еȼΪ˽⣬仨
Ϊ֪ԽԽԻĴ֮䡣
겻ţߡݴ֮Ĺ򣬲ҶĴ֮Ȼ߸˹
б޴Ĵ֮ڣеҶԽݣɽӡ
ȫ½ǣҶҪǵİڽǵɢһ𹲿аħ
Ҷ½ÿһ䣬ͷ𵴡
۹㳡ǰԭھʢʽΪ۹۹ӣ㳡ɽ˺

˷ŵĿա
ŸʲôȫɢơԭŴʵһŭȡ
һͷȫɢɢһ̣Ժ֮УҶڤ׿Գֵľ
оԼɢƣԴԴϵͨһΪµͨӿҶ
вѪڡҶֵܣѾ۷壬ҵһΪ㾡ðɣ
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ڤ׿һţѪҺո˲䱻ɫĿռա
쵰ⶼ㺦ģҲҪɱ㡱ڤ׿֪ԼѾռûлųȥĿܣʱޱȷ
˫Ŀ֮ͬһ㣬צӶҶץ䣬Ҷʱͽ֮⡣
㺦˰磬꺮ѩ塢ϷɡɽҺ޲ó⣬Ƥ־ɣ
ҶһŭȻڼ˥ݽߣͦžڤ׿ȥ
飡
һײʱҶѾǿ֮ĩڤ׿ǲ㱻ǵռ֮˵ĹֻǷһ졣
ۣ
Ҳڤ׿̫ùϸСĿռ֮Уſֲռ֮УЩռ֮мȶʱ򱬷֣ͻͨıݡ
Ŀռ֮вǺܶ࣬ƫƫͱڤ׿ˣһεĿռ֮ײ֮ϡ
ǼΪ͵֮壬ǵĿռ֮ǰһ鶹һ㣬ֱӱն顣

ڤ׿һҽУȫ飬ֻһͷ­һĿ־塣
ûᣡ
Ҷｫʣ಻嵽ڤ׿ǰһ̳صľֱӴһֻۿ룬ֱû
ڤ׿ֻʣһֻ۾˲ʺԹѾûκԸҶ
ţյֿסҶͷ­ڿб
硢꺮ѩ塢ϷɡɽҪߵ̫죬ֵˣ
Ҷʱľڼţ˫Ŀıϣ޾ĺڰ֮С
Ҷȥʱеľ΢΢һ𣬺Ȼų⻪
벻ȻͲ֮ǰ˶޷⿪ⱻ⿪ˡ¾˵ףδӦһƬ̹;һѰɣ
ϽâԽԽʢҫǰȻն䡣
һâǰ޾ڰն¶һƬ硣
Ҷ屻һӿռѷ˳ҶʧٴγҶʶ֮С
ʶ֮󣬾弱ٰ顱һѳ顣
֪˶ãҶﻺ۾֮ƮİƣεգԵô
ҶĿ֮ȴһƬҰ·ʱ㣬Ҷôһľ
ҽаңͽһɡǿɻصڶߡ
δٽҪú÷һγ٣ȥ椣Ҫⷽ泬ϴϷһ·𿴵Լ򻨴зɹһ㡣
ҵĿһܹ㡱ҹ꺮ǼᶨִŵĿ⣬͸¶ǿġ
ûʲôĿ꣬ȥҾȥѩ廹һֱӡ
ٺ١ܿɽ໰ɵЦţɵЦ͸¶ź񣬺б顣
ҶǸһ㻡ȣǶЩ״к˫Ŀ֮еˮϢš
ףиˣ
ȻһӵĽŲ˷Ҷһ
찡˺òҰˣڻ۾Ŀһ˾̾
˵ЩɵҪ㱻Ŀһҿһûĵ
̫ˣ㿴ˣᡱһ̾˿
㲻˵ɵ˵ƨᣬţŸʲô㻹ϽС㡱һŭ
ҶΧżʮˣҶͬûвһ䣬˫ĿĿա
ȻţǾ;һ°ɡһͬȻݺһȻЩĮö
ǴС㣬ǼŸ·᲻ᱻְһЩǵĵȻЩס
˵ʲô£ҸǸС㣬һ˿á
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ССģŸʲôСĻûľͷһŸʲô̧ϣһûС˼Сˣһŭ˱ϡ
ǸƺΪССĵˣǰҶˣһ޲аԵģӵù
Ҷﱻ̧һϣһͿȥʮӣὫҶ·ƣһ
˿Ѿܽ˿ˣΪ㿴κε˿ڣֻܿһƬıõ⡣
£һõĵطûУ۾⣬һƬѪģ
ǸȻУ˰ΣǿͷƤĸоһɫҩͿĨҶϡ
ҩһӴҶ壬ͬ˹һ㣬һ̣ˡ
ˣҪ̲סͺɣҪҧëҲУ
Ǹи˵꣬һҶҶûκα飬ؿų
Ҫ̫ǿղֻһСֶѣһҩͿȫʹɲֵܹģ
кȰǼҶûһ㣬ֻεҡҡͷͿĨ
ԾǣҶʼһƤδòһ£ⲻ
еҩҩЧʹҲ޷ܡ
иõҩһİˣϵȺҩ˭Ҳɵġ
ҩཫȫͿĨһ֮ǸнҶͬľһ
ڳд죬ҶֻоһֱζӦĳطǰ
һ㶼ЩԺ֮лصȫЩ棬Щһ֣ͬһ㡣
ڵʹ޷һ˿ˡ
ؽҶϵĲ𿪣¶Ƥдһ
˵ʱ䣬ֻҶ˿ڲϣʱӦû޸Ƥҩ
Ҷ˿ʧӰ٣Ƥ⻬񣬱˵˿ˣ̺Ҳûһ
ֱҶвȫ𿪣оЩ˼飬Ļָٶȣû
Ҷﻻһ·лĴһҶ
üĿǣһͷİ׷ɢ䣬ҰԵҲаһʡ
ҶһӣӢ˼ۣԵ롣
̾һˣܾʲô㶼ҪѧǣЩüǵõģҪǵõģ
еĻҶͫ΢΢һȻй¡
ҶܹȥԼĻ΢΢һЦϻ࣬Ҳ鷳ʲôĳңõģҼҴС㱳ɲһĴҪ˴С㲻ʲôԩлᱨģ
ΪҶǱ׷ɱŻ³԰ο
ˣϢɣȥҽرһ˵껰ת˳


489 С
ˣһŮһĳд
С㣬˵ǳǿֻ΢ͿһЩȸ࣬Ȼ̶ʱȬˣһһ̺۶¡ǸҶͿҩйĻӦ
ȸࣿߣ㻹ǻʡǮҩôصˡСһ
Сˡūֻǡæ͡
ˣȥ͹ȥˡСȻЩʵΪΣ
ūԹǿȣɷ֮Уϣ˻ĵ֡е
ôǿǴСҲ΢΢һ
һ㣬ūԱ֤ϧǣΪϸ޵ϧ
ΣС׷ʵ
ĵѾһƬޣ޷̾˿ҡҡͷ
ǴСĬΣĵص׶ĳҪ˵ﾡ٣ҪǧУ
ﲮоΪΣСʵ
˱壬üͥǰ֮ˣԲǼ֮ͽп϶ĵ
ﲮó࣬زдȻˣҲǿ֮ˣ㿴ŸʵλӣڱǴС
ﲮдϲЦСĵ񣬽Ȼܵø
ǴСЩֵصﲮô˸ˣ
ٺ٣С㣬ūһ۵ʱ٣Ȼ˵ﾡ٣ūԤУȻС˵ġﲮЦ
СҡҡͷҾǿɲδʲôǻǾ·ɣ
ǣ
ӦһصҶĳϣҶѾ˫Ŀ֮
ˣҼҴСĵԺ͸ǰɣ˵ģĳңԲô˵ﲮ΢΢ЩȻĵ
Ҷ˵ͷȻΪȫʧһƬ磬С֣֮ȫޡ
ʶڣ֣İĵطʶֻܸǷԲѡ
ҸղӦһ磬ʥ½żĲͬ繹ܼΪܣѹƼ
Ҷһһ㣬ּѵӣѾһȥ
΢Ӧһ£ǰﲮȻһλʥ쾳ǿߣ漸ʮԱΪ͵ССģҲ۷塣
ΣҶﲻһ۷壬Ȼֻܸ˼ͼۡ
ӣǾ仰ٴ£Ƕ£Ҫǰû±ڳӦ濴ﲮ΢Щĵ
ﲮ۾Ҷܹܵе⣬΢΢ͷллһģ
ҶﲮĻļûڳǸųǰС
ӹʮһѩɫ¹ϢħҲޣǳ˳
һ·ҹסҶҲŴһӪկ𽥸Ϥ
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ǸСŮøһҶģƺΪС㡣
ԹҶŻѷȻһСǰ
һ˫ˮĴ۾ĿҶЩֵʵ磬ˣͷôˣ
Ҷﲻشģаݣһʹ
ףСεȵƣҶʶ֮УƬľ
ҲС죬СڵҶʶ֮Уֻһһ겨ûУޱʹġ
أôڷԺҿҪ㰢ǸСС죬Щ˵ĵ
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СҪ˵ȻһߴС㻰Ҫʵش𣬾ȻǻҪ𣿡
Ǹʥ쾳Ĺܼң֪˳ָҶŭ
չܼңС㣬Ͽ뿪СչܼҵСͨ졣
С㣬ǻһеķչܼ߶߶ȰС㣬ҶԶ㡣
סڣҪٲ߿ҾҪˡСﱻչܼĶҪ޳ˣ
չܼҼСķŭˣ㲻ٶǰ˼Ҿ͸ѧ֪ͼѾˣŲߣ治֪Ƥʲôģ
Ȼܴ󣬹ҶСֱš
ǿɶչܼˣСҶĸ첲磬Բȥ𣿡
ΪʲôҪҶҡͷ
չܼ㣬㲻СˮĴ۾ĿҶ
ҶͷΪãϻ̫ˣǹأ
С΢΢һ˵ľȻһô㣬㣬Ҳ𣿡
ҡҡͷҶﵭصƾûʸ
ۣ磬˵⻰Ͱ̫ˡСЦĵ
չܼҿ޽ӽɷǿŶôһ˵Ҫ
ˣչܼһҶˣ˵˵һͷ׷ô£Сǹ飬һ˵һ⡣
Ҷһư׷ѩԺиȻľգϸһĨ顣
һܳĹ£Ҳܸ㣬ҵһܣ
磬СҪҵܸ㻻ôСЩȻһת˽
ҶϵЦݣҶﲻţæҵŶ˶֪ģ
ðɣҵܿǷǳģҲ㽻ģóͬȼֵСҶЦ
֪ΪʲôǰаС˵Ȼࡣ
ǰСŰ˾СӣôʲôֵܣҶͿ˳Ĳ͸¶Լˡ
С˰ͻȻһҪǽһ򴲵ľ㽻Σ
Ҷû͵һЦСӹȻСҲֻЩˡ
Ҷı飬֪ԼܵļֵߣһתҪҽһ򴲵ľ㽻Σ
Ҷɴ۾֪ʱһһ˿ŭʲôˣϿϳ˯ˣ
ԭСѾͷҶ֪ˡ
СĺƤһ·ۺɫСͷȻ´С㡣
磬Ҫȥˣ׵ĺܣСӵĿգ˸磬ʲô֡Щεĵ˵ʮһСˡ
ҶǿЦҽҶ
Ļص˳УţҶ￴ŻѣĻ棬ֳһһϤס
硢Ƕ𣿡

׼һ̫һůصʱӭųˡ
еʱǰһȺӰ


490 ͯ
еʱǰһȺӰ
ȺӰʮˣǶʮӣΪΪǿᣬȫǴ۾
һӳô۾ǿߣҶͫ΢΢һȴǱסˡ
ǰһ˿ȥʮ꣬ŴСĳһμС㣡
һֻ΢΢ÿһ޳Ӱ˳Ŷңһɴ
ɴΪ죬ҶʶᱻСͳˣ
СˣЩ˶ΪСѡİѡ䶼ûг꣬Сͳ
С΢΢ףЩۼǿߵҲ֪ˣԺÿһεӣҷԺԺĹأҿԴĸµĵӣһԺУ
ҶͷЩţصĴС㣬Ȼһλǿߡ
ҶףԼڵĵطӦˡ
ԣˣֻ˿ԸҽԺڵ˭ҽԺȨҵУҪǵıˡСĻش˵ĶС
ʮ˴СĻһ鼤ʼСעߵˡ
ҶǸһĨĳҪҼҽɽҲˣԼȫһ
ˣȫҵĶǰԺڵԺ֮ǰһѡеѡ
С˵껰ԶҶȻ⣬ˣҲǵѡ֮һ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ЩԵĿŴС㣬ҡҡͷ¶ѧûȤ
Ҷ˵껰ͷ˶ΪĿٿһ׳һ
磬ԺеĵطѧѧáܵҶѵ
ⲻѧҶ˵ʲôҽһֵɢ˰ɣ
СصУҲû·棬ʮۼǿ߼룬һ׳
ʮۼǿߣ֮һӸ˾ѲߵѲߣܳļܳǰӵ֮£Ϊ֡
Ϣʱ򣬲ǿԶͣؼд裬ıԼ
տʼҶﻹȤĿǼս۲һ󣬾ʧȥȤ
ЩۼǿߣȻΪˣʵսò˵Ǵĺܺÿ
ͬʱҶҲɽѹʵڿֲۼǿߣӳľȻ޷һʮɵİɽշУ޷ѹҪ
ЩıݣҶ￴Ĺ죬ҲսһҶܾˣɲ뱻˵ˣ
ôһܾǿߵǰԵˣû˽ɾ֣ҶﵹҲֵС
û˴ŵʱͽȫڵ֮УűըһƬ羰
һֱͼȥЩƮڰеôŬûаЧ
ղһƬһ㣬һƬֹա
ãɵ÷һ̾Ϣ̫ˣһ·û¡
㾡Լ㲻ռնɱҲΪľ
ȻסȴʧȥһΪһǳصĴ
ϣΪȫûˣȥѰҳȻˣ
磬ôֿʼˡ֪䣬СܵҶߡ
Ȼû취ģôȥЩսǴĺܾʰҶЦ
У㵱СˢһİϷʲô˼Сȫǲм֮ɫ
ҶЩɲǸС
磬ҽ˵ǸйµˣԸҽ𣿡ȻСΪ˷ܵĵ
㣿˵ˣҲὲʲô¡Ҷҡͷ
˵ҽģһѡΪᶨĵ
벻СһȻǴСĳߣڴ½ôš
Ŀ룬˵ôϹ˵ûɡЦ
ҶﲻЩһʵСС֪ͣôࣿ
ǵȻ㾭ķҼʶɶˣһħŶЩĵ
ħ壡
ҶȻüΪͬһ㣬ɱⶼ
Ȼһ磬Ŷ
ҶһԼ黺ƽڡħ塱̫ˣħŲĳ
һᵽħ壬˲ֵǣֿ̹ĵĺޣ޷εġ
߸磬ħġҶʵ
Сһת㲻ܰҿΪ𣿡
ˣûʰɡҶҡҡͷΪʧ֪ħϢΣȥ
뵽ҶﲻЩĻ䡣
磬㲻ҪҸǡҶįΪҶˣæ
һǰҳȥ棬һСħ壬ɽӶԴֽǻɱģ
жˣʵǿ𣿡Ҷʵ
мʮɣСģ͵Ϯзģ֡
ͨĽɽħ罻紦ȻܾûбսСģսûϹ
֪ⷽޣҶ˰죬СһΪҶ߿һۡ
˵ͿʼЩŵˣһ˵ЩħԷݵأһ˵ײ̣һ˵ùȥ
տʼҶ֪Сһں죬ҶҲƣʼһЩз⡣
Сһһ򿪻ϻӣͬӾ̣һʰ۾ϸҶͷͷǵ
ҶﶼССͣȻϻ֪ʶҺܶطŲĹ롣
ĽҶ׹ɽУ޵ĶǷ
ҪΪã֮ɣ
ɽˣ֮ʱ൱ʥ½ʦǿߣٶȲ졣
ΪҪһһȻǰһЩǵĻΪʵһǰһƬׯ
ҶźǣڵһƬţ޷ӦϢ޷֮ͻоʥ½ȫͬˡ
С̸һССȥˣҶԿŻѷ
Ҷﲻͣת½绹ɽ磬ûʵʲôˡ
ڤ˼룬ûκΰ취Լ⣬ղѡ
֪ˣһֹȥˣնҶȻԺ֮һƬ
Ҷ·һ뵽ʲôϸȥʱַԼʲôû뵽
ҶԼһҶĶ𡰳԰׷ķʲôһ쵽֪װ
Ҷҡҡͷչܼǲڷʧˣһ쵽Ǹһøһ㡣
нʱ򣬴ϢСȻҲ˳СҲĵ³ˣ
Ҷ￴Ȼ֮ϳɳʸͬһ㣬
ǼʸֵļΪͻأûаףܶ
ҶҪӶһѳֵȻɫ԰׵վϾҪ̴⬡
æһ嵲ǰ
ۣ


491 Χ
ۣ
һܼҶǣЩʸûϣǱһĹĻ
ҶﻳСС˷ܵͨ죬ĵص֪ãؼʱ㿿ס
΢΢һ㶣תͷĹˣҶ﷢ЩͻأļʸٽǰһĹĻס˶ûˣֻ龪һ
Ҷɫ΢ŭſеСҡҡͷ
ͨο飬ĸѡѾˡСһ
СֳֶƻԼǰ˵ʸһ㣡
˵껰Сһ紺һָҶ
С㣬ⲻƽСĻһ䣬ʱ˴
кβСȻ
ΪжƣŸһڴСߣǶûжơͷļһʼնδȻδСİΣϣܷһֱ׳ĵ
СǳƽصŶƣδҲãʱҲãǵһҪɳ⣬ҪľҪ־͹ðɡ
СȻŶң˶ܹоСҶҲҪ˵̫࣬ӣԼȥɣûӾͲȥ˷Ǹˣ
СĻǳĲһȺۼǿߣ࣬ڴСƣֻ뿪µ˶ϲ
磬ϲ㰡СܵҶߣЦĵ
Ҷûκεϲ̾˿һֱԼ˵ɺˣǱ˺ӣ
С΢΢һ㶣ҶıȻУżĲ֪࣬ʱСԶԶ
û˰㵱ɺӣҪ벻Ҫƥˣһвǿˣ
ۣʲôɽ磬Ǵһһֻ󣬹ظࡣ
Ҷвмû粵ΪʧѾʧȥ˵ֻȥ취
ϣҶڻԷڲͣתŵڵ
Ȼһֻ⵴˳Ҷȥ
ֻţĿ¶׹⣬ɢǿϢȻ൱ʥ߾
Сģ
ԶոմС
Ҷڻǰûа㲨ڵһ鼦Сʯͷ

ʯͷɳֱӹ⵵ĿУִӺԴƲ˥ֱȥ
䣡
ײһߵľʯϣǿССʯ飬ֱӽǿʯײķ顣
ԭҶﱻϮ˶һ˲ˡ
ǸһȺ̣ȺֻҶһûаϢһ㣬ԲŻ֡
ҶﱻǸܼǸһĨЦҶĶ°͡
һʱȫ˼ž޲һ͵ĿҶǶǿߣοҶһѣûκηͷš
ɾһȻǿжǿ
ʱǸܼ亹һӾˣֶΣɱ±ɱ鷳˶ٰɡ
ҶҲһ㶣Ҳû뵽Լԭֻ뽫⵻ˣٸһȭġ
ۣ磬
С˷ֱ֣ܵܵҶߣĴ۾Уȫǳ֮ɫ
ҶսжǿҶɱʱֳĴݵ˿պ÷еĸ
ʱҲŴлָ֪ҶΪϣ˶ǴС»˲ͶҶ䳰ȷˡ
Ҷ¶һ֣סˣۼĸ֣Ҳһ
С˷ܵˣҶ΢΢һЦȥҰذףԿ⣡
ģ̫ˣССһ죬һѷذ׳С
ذףҶĶһóذ׺Ȼһѵ
ôذײУһһѡСҶЩɣҪȡһѡ
ˣذ׺ܺáҶæֹĶǱˣʥ½Ǻεȵ͸һҶﺹա
⵵ȰƤϴɾڻϺ濾ú֭ˮƮ
磬ԽԽˣվȻôãҼҵĴĻҪóʮŶһٱСС˿⣬ɺ޵
ˣ磬ôãǲǰҲ˿ʵ
Ҷﱾڽõһϸ⣬굽仰һ٣κ΢΢˵ͷ
Ȼվ磬ҳԱˣҿ԰ѿһ𣿡
ҶЦپʹٰɣ
ûҶֱӽһֻõĺߣһ̵ܵ˳
ʱҶŵÿգԼϼڣڣ㣬˿˿塣
˵ͬ׺һڣûôЧˡ
ǰĿ⣬Ҷ˳ȻһμʱôԵģҲǶԼ޲ڡ
ߵˣܵ˼ζΧڻԸ̸ݾƸ߸裬εȵ緢
ֻʣһˣȻɣڵѾƷκεζ֮ȫǿɬ
Ҫˣ
ȻҶһѵҶŻظϵĿ⣬ɢŽϢ
æֽȡ£ʱȻһ㶣Щĵ
С㣡
޳ɢϣѾĴС㡣
Ŀȷʵǳãѹһֱ㰲ڡС䣬ǳƽͣźܴ
Ҷͷû˵Ҳ֪˵Щʲô˵˵粻˵ĺá
ͲΪʲô㣿Сʵ
С˵ġҶشҲֱӡ
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ʲô㣬Ʃ˵븴𡱴Сʵ
𣿡ҶԺиֳҹ꺮˲龰˫Ŀ֮Ͳ֣ޱߵɱֲ㱬
ΪǿߵĴСһʱܵǹɿֲɱ⣬ʹǿҲ﷢
ҶԼĳ˷һһ֮⣬ûκγеɱѹ
ҲҪʵУڷһ̸ֻһЦҶҡҡͷ
˵ԺõѡųǿҲ԰ܵС
ҶﰵҡҡͷзԾѧʶ϶һʱ䣬ⲿϢ
Ҷǣղɱͷʥ߾ʱȻһɾӿ
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ĳůĹâأͬʱҲӳҶС
ճҶԺһ֣뵽һֿܣɵû
ִգǰĶ̫ϵԴпѧۣ̫ϵγɣԴĴը
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ͣתƬһ𣬱ǿĽ壬̫
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Ȳ˵ǷȷۣḶ́ǳơ
Ҷҵܹ۵Ƭôĵٴγ֮ʱһС磬һƬ档
뵽ҶﲻͷһƬ氡ǽʲôĴڣ
ŬԼ侲뷨δЩ̫쿪ȷʵֿܡ
ҶҲҵ˿ܼ۵Ǿ¾
ɱͷõ̫Сɱ˸ΪǿĴڣҲܹõƶ
磬ôѵٹһҹСԶԶ
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΢΢һ£ʱҶһɨյƣ󲽽ظˡ
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СһҶ֣һһصȥһ˾ŷǣⲻ
ŷǣȥʲôҶﲻɻСһǩҶ֪һЩɽĳʶ
СеľŷǣǴСڵ캣ڣ಻Զ
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ʱС㶷˳λѡΪߵɷֵȥɣ
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ȺħҲǿߴڣ˸ոնɱһ󣬾ͱۼħס
Ȼе֣ǰ˱ħ弫ΪԶԸĳ棬һʱ˿ս
ħ׷׶ǹĻͣ˽Ų·ǵĻΪɵ
ʱҶҲм䣬ﲮĻʲô
Ʒ׭׭ΪħħĿǣһĻ̻ᱻɹ⾻һѻҳеķ׭Ʒ׭ۼħǲҽģ׭άһʱ֮ãûκκõĵġﲮЦ
캣ħ彻磬ħս꣬͸ǵϰԣǡ˵ﲮһ˿Ȼ
ô˽ǣΪλûнǳ𣿡Ҷﵭʵ
ﲮЩ֪ôش
ҶЦһﲮļ򣬶⣬ʾǸ⡣
С㣬Խ𣿡


493 ɽħ
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ѵ㿴ʲС˵꣬һѪɫĳҶ
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СĻСƶǶʱҶѾ߳˹Ļ档
ЩħǹĻΪɵҿ˳׷ŭһŰֱۣҶ
ۣ
ɫѪҺŽȱҶǰħ壬һնء
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Ҷһݺն䣬ǰ񾳶ħһӻζϵˣΪʱ
æֱ۸񵲣Ҷһ̺˵־˵ֱ꣬ӽֱնϡ

ɵ壬Ҫ˺ƬǸ񾳶ħһŭʣֱۣںڵĹҶ
СģħǱۣɱɽСԶԶѵ
ҶͿֱйŹ֣üƭħŰ̲ߣҶô򵥵ļıϵ
ϧҶ͹ǿ̶ȣһ֮£ֻжֱۣԭԤƵˣԶ
ֱϮҶһΪڣٻƽսԿһ
ʱƽòâżڵһ㣬ˡ
䣡
Ǹ񾳶ħȻԤϲҶ˿٣Ʋֱۺݺݵڴ֮ϡ
ضҳ˸ӣЩԹɫһ䣬ĴС㣬˭ҵɡ
ǰ񾳶ħһȭգһ񺿣ֱͬ籩һ㣬ŷ͹ֱۻȭӰХƼΪˡ
Ŀ񱩵Ĺ˷һҶɫ䣬ͬһһ㣬ȭӰ֮С
ÿڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣնյıܿ񾳶ħħȭͷ˶Ϊһ亹
С۾ֻҴָп¿Ҷﱻħһȭɱ
ǰ񾳶ħôʼ޷εҶ½ǣҶҲʼһûκεĽŸС
飡
ȻҶһƣеĳһպûһȭͷϡ
ҶʱյŵôǸȭͷջأ׼֮ʣھȥδ֮ʱ
Ǹ񾳶ħ΢΢һҶ֮һ䣬ˡ


494 
۲Ǹ񾳶ħʽͽ࣬òŵõĻᡣ
Ǹ˱۶ħʧȥ֮Ȼսûж٣ǹʱƽһӰ졣
ȭĹлһЩյҶôʱһֱܣǹ۲յֵƵʡ
ǶħǸյ֮ʱҶԥһȻǸħ޷ƿƽ⣬΢΢һ

ҶһնХǶħ޷ؿڡ
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ֱȴ˸գҶһֻУǰһֱĲȥ
ۣ
һͷ­𣬺ɫѪ𣬽Ҳһȳޱȡ
ҶʱѾܣΪղŵʵһ飬ľе
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ûԪ֧ţƾʵ̫ˣҶĿ֮ȫ˷ܵɫ
žԼĵڣһʯ֮УڿʼҵĲ
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ҶﲻһԸоСԵһҶﲻЩΣæҩֱС
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СҶĻ㲻ҪҽͣڸҪ˵¸ν
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СͷѡеİߣȨһЩ飬ܾЩƽҿԸ㣬ԺĲƽ»ԽԽֻ࣬һԤϰ
˵껰СҶ˵ĻᣬתԼĳȥͬʱ˵Ҳ뿴ʧɣ
ҶֱۣԼǷ˼һݶһҪģֻӲͷƤˡ


495 ְ
ڶ컹С;ӵشӳ˳Ҷߡ
磬˵Դҵ𣿡һ˫ˮĴ۾ڴĿҶ
ҶԭһвõĹ¶ѣǿаӣɵС죬һʹ
ԭĻȥĿСһҪҪԼŬУ
ҪôСһＱеʵ
Ҫռ߿СҶЦ
ҪȥأСһЩɻĵ
ҪԵģֻҪϸѰңһʵֵġҶǳƶĵ
ţھȥҡС˵ͷٵܿʼڳΧĴѰ
ۣҵˣ磬Сһ˷ܵԶԶ
Ҷȡ˹ȥһСԲԲʯϱ߿̻һССǡ
鰡ϱ߿һǣһ飬ϲҶϲĵ
̫ˣȥ߽㡱Сһ̵ܵ˳ϣһʱȫСһ￪ĵЦ
ϣСһ˯ˣΪ˷һ죬ʵ̫ˡ
лл㡱С
Ҷ̧ͷߴС㣬ҡҡͷϰ壬ԱΪϰӦõģ
˵껰ҶｫʯӸʣµ飬ʲôʱҵʱһٻԸ
а취ٻСȻһ
ÿ𣿡Ҷûʵ
СһЩصôԸ
а취İɡҶ
˰ˡС˵꣬ת˳ϡ
ļСĻЦ֮һֱûжϹ޾
磬ڵõ߿飬ٻɡһСһ߿飬Ȳغ
ô죿ҶаС㲻Լİ
ðҴȥٻҶҲһܡĵСһ﷭һɽһĵط
ڳâǵͼȻͺְɣҶ
Сæ߿š顱ںãȻһϵĸְɣ
֪ԶһӰעǣС̿һĻвɵòһǡ
䣡
Ǹ֮һ°Ʒ
Ȼ֮ܲУһǧľ޴Ӱ԰գΪ֮
С㿴һĻ㾪һֻ֣ס˶µӣ
ΪˣûģͿԻû˴Χĳư羪ء
ǻûǱ浽ԼӸ޲
ҪǣҶġȻһ˿Ĥݡ
ǸҶԼˣΪģʵ̫ˡ
Ʋг֣ŴϵСһޡ
СһЩŵĿеصˣ˵ʲô˵öĻ𣿡
΢΢һڣſڵõģû⣬ԸѾʵˣټ
˵ƲʧȻķɢҲָԭ״
СĿʧȻޡôҵԸ˵̫ͨƤˣ
ҶЩ̵תͷȥСһصӪغһԲĻص˳УҲû
ҲԵʣҶûҹĵضڵԼ˵ĳС
˰ҹһҶҳ
ҶﲻһͷƤ飬˸ǷС㣬Ѿ˯ˣʲô˵ɣ

ȻһĲҶȻʹֱӴӳƮ˳
Ʈͱһֻεץס۰򣬻ûҶﷴСͬһһ㣬ҶƮ⡣
飡
Ҷﵫһ𣬱Сݺݶڵϣ֪СΪʲôôһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá
˶һ仰˵ռг˻ҩϢǴС˳š
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֪ΪʲôҶ仰Ҷ۵͸ǿ̹ĵʹôСԭеŭ˲仯ΪС
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һ˵ĵطСｫ߿Ӱںãеְɣ


496 Ѷ
ְɣ
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497 屬
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ʱСҲ̲סܹޣžѪȻˡ
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498 캣
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磬Ѿȥ꣬ͲҪΪǼ¹ڻˣ˴δСң޸ϵĺʱ
ӿųǰĽӣ΢΢̾˿³صԸ˽⣬Բԭҵġʱ䣬պþȥҪҾѵģ
ʱһĿ࣬ͬһĺӣڵ磬ˣԼҲлú˵ôһ㣬ǻϽͣ
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ֻһӶѣôҡڵ㵱Ǽٵģа룬㲻ɱ㣬ݺһٻǿԵΡ
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㣬Ŷȵ١Сÿ©һ죬͵͵ۿ
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Ŀһ˿͡СεǺֶΣȻҵһôǿİ֣ϧ
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ĵһƬţӦΪ٣˱ȻΪһ˲õ̾Ϣ
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𶯣ʮɷսʿͬغ«һ㣬˦ԶһǱ
Ҷ׷裬۹Ķսһ㣬ڸղҶʮսʿȫɡ
Ү˧СӴ⿴˷ܵЦͨ졣
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ʲôţСʵ
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ۣǸԺԽԽС˷ֵܵ
СһȻû֮ǰȷʵпԽԽ
Ҷﵤȫ֮մȾһ˿ҲϾ뵽ǰŪˡ
Ҷ飬ҶС㶼δС͸¶ڷ磬ѹ
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Ҷǰм䣬ȻֶδȴҶͷѹҵһȭ
飡
ȭҶﱻһǹ̺һַҶ޷ֵ
ߣеʵͲ֪ߵغ񣬻־ܣٸһҶһŭȣоȻһİ
ͨɫâޣһ֣óǰĹ߶

Ҷ˫һУȻΪʧ֮ڣȻ޷̽ΪǿԸӦ겨
겨СǿƣжϳΪ
·ǿߣҶﲻЩڴޣжǿ
Ҷ΢΢һЦصҲ־ܣһͶϰͻ¸ڣ
Ҫڤ粻飬ԿͷֻЩū͡ٸߵĵ
ҿǲūͣҵѣôͻôᡱС
ߣᣬҲ֪Իͷݣ벻߰ĴС㣬Ҳлͷһ족ٸҲʾ༥
ҶһüϲĶ죬ͷϰ壬жǿ𣿡
˻һȫ𾪡


500 캣
ϰ壬жǿ𣿡
Ҷ˶һڸ¥֮ϵ˶ˡ
ҶĿᣬȻսǿߡ
¥֮ϵˣ˸𾪣þòƽΪ˻֮
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ʹȫĶǾǿߣҲ𺳣治𼶵ţΪˣǿơ
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СĴڳɫŹ֣ҿǸٸ
겻ƾ仰Ҫŭң̫ˣǣ
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ҶһֻֻԼĳͳ˿Ķôһ޷и塣
ÿһǵһظޱȣҶס˵֮һƱ
ǲԪĲһ־µ־Ҷ۾ʱΪǿߵȻֱ޶һ㣬һ󷢺
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ϣͬһ磬ֱ飬ֲĵ־ÿŴת
ȻҶܲѾ꣬һΪΪǿᣬδĽҶ
Ҷ񳤵һŭ˲佫оѣһڿγһµͼƻǻƲݷɲݣǰ
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Се㱾£ʶʶҵǧмʱҲСҶֱʹԼĳ
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Ҷ̤һѪ³糤գǰݺն䡣
һնһ·ϵļʸ׷ױɣƲ˥ֱȥ
벻ҶȻɽԼǧмĴɱ֮һԭżţ뿴ҶǱܵĳ
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˲סһǲǳԾҶĹǳԾ¶ֱۡ
Ҷ￴ֱ۵ʱҲһƤܰ𪣬ϱȴһЩĻơ
ȿЩƵʱҶҲһ㶣ΪֱϻƣǴ࣬ҲǵƣһС
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㣬¸ңԺҪѧĸһ¸ҡСһһݵĿŴС㡣

鷢һУæȡһ׳ԼֱסݺݵؿҶСӣŭˣҪÿ
⣡
еȻͬϸ˿ҶＱ
Ҷһμıһгն
津ʱҶ﷢ͬ˿һ㣬

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ʱвҪˣȻһҲס֮ϸ˿Ҷһӡ
Ҷ뼫һЩϸ˿Լǿ޷ϡ
ð׷ˣҵĶžǿߣҲ鵭ĿҶ
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һڹҶϵϸ˿̱һնҶʱػɡ
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֮ǴС㣬һֻСһֻ֮Уһīĳ
СߵҶߣ㲻Աı֮һһ£㲢ˣ
СİοҶ΢Цһ£ʲôõʧʧʲôӲӣͲҪˡ
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תͷųȥԶԶֿˣͳɣ
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Ҷͫ΢΢һշУɽֻɻϵǿ߲û뵽һļɻǿߡ
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ڳĶǿߣСĻᣬǶһֱĴ˵ĶС
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ǧСѾͷŨü΢΢һĿ֮һ˿ʹС㳤ˣ
ߣҪɱңҲġСҶ͵С󣬲Ȼ˵ڷ϶͵Լĸס
ǧ˿ֿ˿³أ̾һȻѾˣôʲô˵ɣ
ôǣѵ˵ôĻ𣿡״ŭĵ
죡
ǧף˶ĺܷʲôǶҵŮעִ磡
㡭㡭鱻Ļ˫Ŀᣬָǧ쵰Ҳˣ
˵껰ȥȥȰ裬ǧڰֵû£˾ͺˣ
ǧתͷʱſҶ˫Ŀ羼·ҪҶһпһ㡣
ǧĿ⣬Ҷﵭ֮ӣκǧͷʲô
Ҷ
Ҷ΢΢һȭǼˣϾǴСĸףҲһϰˡ
߰ɣʲôؼ˵ǧһӣȥ
ڳǣҶЩ죬ûˮľ󣬶һƬӪʣ׵սʿڲͣĴ
¥ڣȺҲſףС㰵иҶͣ캣Ǹħսϣ˴󲿷ֶսʿ
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һ˸ҪͥԺȻǰ˼ʮӰ


501 
ǧ˸յǰһ˶ӭ
ǰһλӳ룬ʮӣǳӢ
һλʮߣ˫Ŀ絶һĮ
ڶʮӴ磬ǳᣬΪȴﵽɷɢǿϢ
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˹Ȼ棬Сֶǹ֮ˣҸҫ޵ᵽĸףһ˿ɫ
ԭǹĹӣѹͷɣȲǧͷתͷǸߵû´ĻӦ帮Ĵǿ֮һҫˣ
Ǹ帮Ĵǿ֮һҲǰӵүү
帮λںǵϲƽʱǲ
ҫǧ΢΢һͷصϷǹҫˣ
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ǧ΢΢һЦҲƽϣһֵǿͣȻ˾˵ɣ
˱ˡХǺòһͬʱ۽ǲɫһ۴С㡣
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¸֮ڣΪԺӣ˷׷׽Σ˷׷
ҶҲģ˿ˣѧһ㣬վڴС
ڴСߣһ仰Ҳ˵۾ͣĿŴڵİ衣
ʹС㶼һ仰˵ǰڣܶ໰˵
ǧŹХ֪ӣ᲻֪к͹ɰ
ҶǸһĨ΢ЦӡֽʵЩŤɴйǸ˳ڣ
ХæվһСֶźǴС㣬ʸǧţòǣδ䡣Сֶţ귽壬ΪѾͻ۷壬һѰٵʵɻ𣬵ȼ֮Դʱ̤ɻ𾳡۵ƣҹλھǿߣҸھ۷壬ͲǧҲûϣ
ɾ֣ͬһͷǿֻӵĴڡ
Хһۣǧ˶΢΢ĿԼЩĿ˴Сһۣ˫Ŀ֮ļ
Ϊ˱ʾԴСĳ⣬Сֶⱸ±񣬻Цɣ
˵껰Х˫һģһ˹طһС
Уһ۴СĵҩǰһѬĵ
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ǧھǿߣ֪ھжѣɻֵɻǿΪ֮
ǧ֪޹»Ȼ⹭ХڵΪƸ׵ġ
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Хɫһ䣬Щŵʵô᣿СֶԸţ
ХĻǧɫãصǧһսɱħѵ̰ͼ֮
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﹭ХǿʧģʱֻԾҪ˵СԻȥˣδķԲ㣡
ХոջԾģһӵ˹ȵףʱɫΪѿ
ŮӣҪãҼХ֮ǹϣɾţҪһʱĴѡ񣬶УһֱĿδ˵Ĺҫߵ
лл⣬³͸ѡ³شʱֻǾ뿪ðԼ顣
û뵽³˲Хû뵽ƾΪݣȻܵĴһʱŭӿ
˵³֮òǾ̫òֽڸǣͻƵ۷壬Źס
ΪƾԼ츳ΪұǰȻ½˳
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ʱХĻУԵ帮㺣ǿĶ࣬㺣ѵʱ򣬿ɱԹˡ
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³صĻǳƣҶﲻаܸ̾оһ仰ǳĶ졣
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СҲǸоһЦͬʱҲҶ˵ĵӵʲôģѵûµʱ
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ʲôһūһضҹңͱιˡХҶﾪĿͲһ
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ˡҶ
ҶɫһΪԾľǧеĲ豭ǷӦ죬ˤڵϡ
Լ߰Ůʵ̫˽ˣС⣬û˿Դ
ףҲԣǹƧ߰Ըû˸ϰߡ
ҶĶΪȻֵǣСȻôʵʵûκμҵķӳ
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ڹХһĲţͬʱŭ緢˭
ҶﵭһЦ£
Хһϣ˫ĿСӣĴ磬֪Ǹūţû˵ķݣϽȥ
ХЩӦƾԼݣʧݡ
ӣÿ¸帮﷢ʩЩʰɡҶﵭĵ
ҶĻ˵ò˿ֵȻȴͬһ̵֧֧ùХ
СǸһĨ΢Ц벻ҶȻһ֣һ仰һ֣ȴһ°ѹХײǽȥˡ
ҶĻùХɫһ鸮УΪ׿ܼΪүү۰һ֮Уһ˳˳ˮ
¸ڣȻһССˣҲѿеŭȼգҲ̲סˡ
ūţ
ХŭһһôŻζҶһצץ磬쳣


502 帮
һ֣˶ЩϲΪҶݵˣҪ֣Ҳ֡
֪ХЩֻоԼҪըˣҪǲɱҶŭƽ
ɱҶ֮󣬾ǵ¼ңżүүҲ¡
飡
ҶεȷӦһ֮սȻЩ⣬ȴҲһʱӦһȭҳ
飡
ҶһȭڹХצϣһ죬ҶԾǣһȻ˴룬Ȼôĸо
ҶһӦڣǰ۷壬ս̫ࡣ
ХҶһУҲһ벻Ҷ֮Լ㱻ˡ
һϺȣץסҶȭͷҶǰһһֱֻҶ
Ҷһֱֻץס˼ξȻûѣХϾȻһôĪʧ롣
֪ȻһɷϧΪȫʧֻ֮Կ
ۼХһֶֻԼĺץ䣬Хȣץסпֱܲӱ飬ХȻɱ֣ûһء
Ҷ˫Ŀһ䣬һѣȻͶԼɱɽ磿
Хһצ̺˿ռ䣬ֽҶҲûаտȫܿ

ڹХĹδҶһֱ߳ХС֮£ʽûһԥϵĮͷ
˶죬˷ӦѾݱǰľ棬˷һ
СҪ֣ȻһǿѹѹȻá
һƬС֪ҶĵϸΪȫϣƾ֮۷ǿߣɡ
СĿ˳ѹȥҫ˫ĿţֻǸһĨĲм
飡
ҶһڹХСϣХһצץҶļͷ˼ͬʱжԷ
ХԭһѽҶĺץãҶһ󣬶ֱӣһУҪӾˡ
΢΢һһƫķ򣬶壬һŲֻǽɡ
ΪҶһţĹƫ룬ֱץҶļͷ
Х뽫Ҷе˿û飬ֱӽҶļץѪ졣
磡
С﷢һУСʱϵѹʧȻҫХδ֣ܵ޷ռʩѹ
ССҶߣʱҶļͷѪ죬Ƕץˡ
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Ҷ￴˿ͷ˿ڣ΢΢һЦһֻ֣ὫС
תͷĿһѪĿŭڵĹХһצҶĳˣ
ǳƽһ˿ĻȴľҶ͸ţĺ
벻¼ҵļҽ˲˾Ȼ˲عأǾϷŻɣ
һֱĿĹҫȻ˫Ŀһֻ֣Ҷһָ
һâ䣬ҶʱеѪҺҪֹͣˣв˾
ҶޱȵķŭɣǸ߸ϣ˳ݵɣݽ棬¾
ʱҶĿͲ֣ޱߵɱڶ𣬲ȴھǿǰûһ˿ֵ
飡
һǽҶǰײһ𣬿ռ䷺˵
Ҹɱˣδ߯˰ɡʱһֱûκζǧվ˳
ղ֣Ҳֻʵھǿߵһ
ʱǧɫ˫Ŀ罣ͬһѳϵУʱὫǰһնɱ
ҫǧһۣͷһԼھҪѷɫһ
ںڣ
ҫʱſǧΪȻ޷繭ҫھ۷ȣҲܹƥеġ
˵¼ûмҽ̣ǹҵڱ˸ϣһڽǶˣȡ²Ǽҽ̵⣬Ӧǽ˰ɡǧʱҲûһ
ײɣв֮Աǵ涯ֱ֣ƢٺҮܲˡ
ǧһ˵ļΪǽҵȶǣˣùҫ˶ɫһ䡣
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ǲģŰɣһȢֵġתͷֶҶ㣬Ҽסˣûɱ㣬Һܸˣһģ
Ҷҡҡͷ˲ϲ鷳Ҳ鷳ҷȰ㣬ḶܴۣǸۣ³ܲ𣡡
ƣϣԺܹôӲ˵껰ХǶǧһת뿪
帮һ뿪Ҷ΢΢Щʧ䣬ɽҶ̫ʧˣԼԴֱԶ
ҶϽö˵ֹסСֵݸҶһöҩ֪ҶΪȫʧ޷˹ˡ
ʱҶ˿ڣѾֹͣѪȻ޷˹ˣǿҲء
лл
ҶֽӹҩУڣֻ֪ǵ㣬ǴСϵ㡣
ҶµҩȻƺأˣ˵ڣܿͿԻָ
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СĻ˶һǧ̩ɽǰɫݲ𾪡
ߵߣǧ֣ļϣۻѸٵһȦȻܶ޲ߵĶ֮
İ쵽ˣǧЩ˫Ŀ֮΢΢Щʪ
˵ֻһϣ;ԲĶڽˣ
Сʱǧı飬΢΢һԹҲһЩôĮ
С߸ףĶ˭ģһҪúЪЪǧ𼤶ĵ
ǡ
Ҷ￪ڵ˭ҪҪСѾָˣڳ˵ָһλᣡ
ǧҶ˫Ŀ΢΢ת·𿴳Щʲôͷã˵ĺܶԣһúòģ
Ҿͷˣסĳŵٷϴε飬Զԭ㡱С㿴ǧ֮ĵ
İɣͬһδôΡǧĸͷ˿С
Ҷ΢΢һЦԸŮиԣԼ·Ǻܳǰ·С˵ֻһѪȷ硣
ڶһ磬СҶλߣĿУ뿪¸ֱԺȥ


503 
Ⱥɽ࣬ʱ޳û˻ľ
ɽһ·ϣһ˻ǰУǴСҶˡ
ҶҸ׵
СҶﲢУ˺Ծ룬СȻʵ
ΪʲôҪҶЩʵ
ХֵʱұҫѹסҸײδȣ㲻𣿡Сʵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǰԶɽصʱҾͿʼѧֻԼˣǷæǱ˵£
ðҸһ㲻ĴԹ𣿡С
ҾĸԸģⲢΪһֽһֽףύסҶҡҡͷ
СɴҶþòŵҶһˣ
ҶЦСɿˣʵһ޶ˣ±Ķ࣬Ų
С㷢һЦС̣˵
Ǹ㲻㣬˼ҶͲ˵Լĺˣȴ±˲֪ǻһ㣡
СЦҶﲻһȻݣǹЦȴҶͷҪˡ
СЦΪİÿŴСЦĻӣľͨ͸ɵתΪȻһǧҶ̾
СһȣտǺˣû뵽ȻǸ컬֮ͽ֪ŮҪƭˣ
ҶȻ˳Ȼ硢ŷǵһں֪вһʹ
ҶôˡҶһ˿įСæʵ
ҡҡͷҶǿһЦûʲôֻһЩ¶ѡ
ǹĺ֪ɡСĵ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ǵ˵ͷţҸǷֿˣ֪ʱܹ
ǣСЩɻ󣬺ȻЩ˼ҶԽĹ𣿡
ǲ㣬͵ûʡ˵СЩˣóȻ˵ܣʵЩΪ顣
Ҷûʲôģ·;ܳ˵ʲôʵ̫˱ˣҲЩСһ£
һ·ǰУҶﻺС㽲һЩԼľҲǾѣЩܱ̫ʹˣһԸߣԼľӰ˻ĳǽش٣˾ûἰ⣬˳
Сһ·ϣһԲҶĽ޷ƽʱȥǿĴкȻ˶ʹࡣ
佲ߵȻȻȥҶ˲˿׷Ҷһͷ׷ʲô
ԺҶһ·˶࣬ЦлС㣬҆ôã˵֮ҸоûôѹˡףСˣ
СЩתȥĽϵȥЩص˭ˣ㲻Ҫ˵˵
ҶкЦ벻һĴС㣬ȻҲŮԻһ棬ЦС㣬˵ˣҲһˣС㶼ƭˣ
ҶЦݣС㷼İգˣô࣬ȻЦó
ΪЩŮӲֵǶһ콾ȴûûεļһȻСŭ
ҶЦЦС֪ͺãһ챻ƭˣ޵ĵطûˣ
Сһ죬ҶĻڰʾԼʲôŭ֮ĸ
Ҷ쵰
Сһŭ⣬Ҷһ˶ǰȥ
Ҷ΢΢һʼ磬һͬڴСߣȻݺݵһӡ
ôСʲôʵĻûأ´СͷϣȥѯʴȤ
ҲһʱԼʵ㹻ǿӦúܿԴʥ½λá
ȱĻʵͶռ֮УѾ֪ɳԶҶҿ϶ԶĿҪԼ
ѧϰռ۵ʱ򣬾ѧռһЩۣľ룬һֱߣûо롣
ͺӱϺľ룬Ѿ뿴һŵͼм仭һᣬϺصô߼ûоˡ
Ҷڲʱ֮ôտռ䴩֮Ϊۡ
ռ֮ԳΪΪռ䷴صγɵģʹһľ룬ҪĿռ䣬ţԼʥ½ľ룬ȻԶˡ
СĿ֪̽ʥ½Ϊ½죬λɽ棬ӦÿԴġ
ҵԼʥ½ȻᾪϽע⣬ԺȻԴϢ
Ҷ˴С㣬Ŀбӣ͵ûһ㣬ͷǰߣһҲ˵
ҹĻ٣Сûͣ£ֻܸżǰ
ɽҹĻ֮ʣ޻᲻ʱûдСǿǿڣһҲҳ
ͣرߣǴһƬï֣ܵǰһƬĮ
սĮҶüͷһ壬ܵһѹʵʣԴ־ϵһѹȡ
֣ƬɳĮʲôҶߵһʵ
ǸҶƺΪֵˣзأһλɷڵǿߣΪʵ
Ҷ֣ƬĮԲ˰ٶݴǰһλһλħＤսԭһƬɽһƬĮش
ޱ޼ʵĻĮҶﲻһɽ磬ռ伫Ϊȹ̣ܹ˰ɽĨƽ̫ˡ
֣֪ʱλǿߣʲôΪҶס֪ʲôļ𣬲ƻ
ҡҡͷֲ֪󣬺ͲĴ־ӦҲɾǿ߲аɣ

ҶǣǰĴС㿪ˣСʱָյ䣬ϲŭ
Ҷ΢΢һذͱսеĺ涼Ͻѹ£ʱǵѡ
ָֻյĳƣ֮󣬴Сûои·ͣϢ
ȻǶҵİߣҪһЩԺ飬˵һ£ҲЩ׼
С˿ڵȥԺһֱӳΪĵӣҪһЩеĿˣпܳΪŵӣ
ص˵˵ͷȻ֪һЩüĿ⣬ֻҶһ΢΢Щ졣
С㲢ûΪһ˶ΪʲôѡǣΪǵ츳ΪǵƷǸǻǿ׼ΪԺеӼľΪңѪ岽
ҶﲻһʵѵѧԺܣ
ѧԺеĹʤ̭Ȼ淨һҽĵУҲľ֮У޷չǣҪã˳üС
С㣬ҵ֮ˣ׷ıԸಫСܹҵȽԺĻᣬѾмһ߸ҲͷӦǡ
ҶΣС㵥ʵιХҲԺȻŹڣ»Σգ
ˣȥƾܸģˮڣбޣҶ¹˭ҶЦ
͡ҶĻС̲סЦ˳Ӧʱ򲻸Цæתͷȥа˶
˶̬ȣС㲻ڶ˵ʲô˴˻Įǰһɽ


504 Ժ
ɽ续ƣɽƣ̣ʱʱ֡
ǰĻ棬Ҷﲻһа̾һ˼ɾ硣
ԺڣҪע⣬Ժ˶Ǿ֣ҪʱСˡСĵ
ôأҶЩĵ
±еĻҪأԺ֮ˣҪԴҪű˵ļС㿴Ҷ֣صĵ
ΣǲģԺǵΨһϣһ˿ǰᶨĵ
ȫɽɢޣȻʲûбԲޱӰЩݸΨһܹ֦ͷɷ˵Ļᡣ
Ȼ˴ɽߵɽ£ȴʱ䣬ɽࡣ
ɽµʱ·ϲʱؿһЩˣһǰȥ
Ҷ﷢Щ˸ͬ˶飬һĸɷ
ֻЩ˿Ҷʱ˫Ŀ֮ȫǽ䱸֮ɫеʼʱֵļơ
ЩѺõĿ⣬Ҷ޶ãΪĸŴС
һ˳ڵɽʱǰһɽţΡǰ
ɽŵǰһƬյأϥһȺŮҶ˵ĵû̫ĲȻЩ˵ĶΪ
Ȼһ罣һĿ⣬ҶͶҶӦǸȥ
һϳˣ¸֮УԼצĹХʱһЦĿ
ǸèˣӵĿҶܲˬһȭͷȭϣȳһָ
Ҫ֣ƼҪ֪з磬Լ鷳ȻҶƵ˼žԲʲôõʺСѵ
ѵĻЩˣҶǸƼΪͻأһȫĿ⡣
ۣ˵ͷи԰Ҳ˧һμôиԵӡҶһͷƮݵİ׷һ˲ŮӵĿ⡣
ХҶԼ˫Ŀ֮һĨڲ
֣Ϊ㿴Ǹ׷Сӣѵ֣ڹХһӣЩĵ
˵ЦˣûǸʸ񣬲ǿе㲻˳۶ѡХ΢Ц
˵֮ˣĺѣ棬Ҳһ֮ӣΪڣݸХ
ע⵽ͷҰɴĴС㣬Ȼ˵ǰЩȥ캣ף֪Σ
Х΢΢һЦܾˣ
ʲôܾˣԹ֮ţȻҲᱻܾ³ع²ô԰ο
޷ҳô󣬻ǵһαһŮӾܾ⵹ҶȤˣһŪֵġХ˴С㷽һۣǷһĻȡ
ֻ֮ˣ˵³²յԺ룬֪ΪΣȻЩɻĵ
ǿҲǸŮˣӲҵģˣ֣мæХȻ
ֵ޷
ҿǸͷСӲ˳ۣڿҿһֱۡХԶҶ
΢΢һüΪΣȻŲ˳ֱɱǣαô鷳
֣һɱһ¾ûˣվ쳤ģûôХиһĨ
˵ҲǣȻҾͷԸȥǣ֪ѣϾĻᲢࡣ˵㹭ôһᣬҲСӺܲ˳ۣһ֣ôĿ⡱ŮӣĴǸͷСӣЩЦ
Сֵ²ɽ±ߵ˱⡱Хѵ
İɣµˣɷ۷壬ǰ벽òСӣЩΪȻĵ
˵ҲǣǾ͵⿴ϷɣԺеǻᣬɲҪһΰˣ̫ȤˡХҶ
ХڽͷӶ˶޷ǵ̸ǴСע⵽ˡ
Ҷ뿼˺һҪСģӦıԸ㡱Сѵ
Ҷ￴ԶĶˣǸһĨЦɽ˽ӲпᣬıôĿŵˡ
СİɣҪǸңһ֪ʲôǺڵġҶﵭĵ
ŵĮıף֪ΪΣȴһ󷢺
䣡
ߴɵɽŻ򿪣һ˻ǰ˷׷վ
˹ˣǰһһλإٸӺݻ󣬷Ŀ촽ԱһּΪĸо߾ͿԿŮӣԸ֮ˡ
λǸɱͷӣʮңһŶһžǡ
ٸֻǿòǵĴУŮӳгס
˻ȣ䵱ǰٸվǰ˾ȻһֶĤݵĳ嶯
ٸһۣȺеĴСʱ˫ĿһǸһĨοЦݡ
³أˡٸǳͰĵ
Сæǰһ΢΢һصлǰذСŮʧԼǰ£
ٸЦǰҾ͸㷢ӣŽ꣬װ״Ļƽ֮ڣɼΪ壬м֮˵֮թѾˣȻһЩʱ䣬Щϧ֤ƷǰǾ仰ԸΪʦ
ٸһһȻǿǶ֪ٸݣǿǸ߸ϵĴڰ
ǰԮÿȥ³سѾɣǰ³ذݼʦС˵˫ϥ
ٸЦţȻΪģһ³ߣὫС𣬺Ͱصô֮ˣͲЩˣϽԺʦúУʦһ¶Ȼڣ
лʦС㻺վֱ塣
С㣬òҪ˰ɡҶЩɫŹֵĿŴС㣬˵ĶԻʵЩֵֹĸо
СһȣЩŭĺȵʦú˵˵
ٸʱע⵽СߵҶҶһۣȻɫЩȵǿ壡
ЩϧҡҡͷϧΪѣ³أİߣ
ʦǡСæ
ٸҶһۣ΢΢ҡͷЩйģܲ
СȻΪõģǵƷģ
ٸ΢΢һ㶣̾ѽˣȻˣΪʦҲǿ
ٸǣŴСԽڶ±ߵ˵Ǻܶ˿֪ܲңҽһ££ԺĸԺ
Ҷͷһѹָղô˾ǵĿ⣬ĽʼɺޣԭСʦȻôͷ
вһϲôĿɽԺӦӺܺù˰ɡ
΢ͣһµкĵӵĹԣ
Ҷ΢΢һ䣿


505 ſ
кĵӵĹԣ
µĻҶһ䣿裿ʱҲ
ҶϾͶԼ֪еˣһ֣ǰһߵʯ
бǰǼǡߵǸߣڽеͬʱóһᡣ
ǰһĻҶڷ磬ѧԺһ龰ֻǰˣǸʱԼУңɼˡ
ʮߣ
Էƣʮ

ҶЩǣЩ˵ᶼǳûԼôᡣ
ڷ磬ʥߵˣѾǼǧͷˣɽ磬ѾǼΪˡ
Хʮ壡
ХžʯʾֵЩȻĿһۣѾ˴룬СҲʮ꣬һ
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³أҲȥһ°ɣ߹̻ǱҪġ³ص
³صͷߵʯǰһֻ˪ѩ֣Ḳʯϡ
ǽС֣Ӷͷһ֣ʹΪǿߣ
Ҷ￴˫֣𵱳ǰϾòа̾СµһϾľ硣
³أʮߣ
ǸߵһȻڳĺĵӣʮˣֱʮ˸ͬǿߡ
ɽޱߣ³ԣ֪˲࣬ǰ֣˾ˡ
Ϊ֮ǰ³ظµĶԻ֪³ΪĳЩԭ򣬵ꡣ
˵³ضʮʱ򣬾ѾյԺ룿
Ҫ֪Ժյӣȫ䣬Ҫοʡԡȸء
ԺȫǿߣСԺ֮ˡһ˵
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˳ǰߺĵӵһһȥԵˣİߵһȥԡ
ǣĵӾ࣬ΪһҲʮʮ֮䡣
Ҷﲻипǰ˾ʮ꣬ӵˣQɶ
˾ʮ꣬һЩһ㣬Ȼ£ɽǲеˣҲԻǧ档
֮ˣԽǿԽʱ˵Ҫж١
֣Ǹ׷СӣӦڶ٣ЩĵĿЩߵĲԣȻʵ
ٸʲôϵһѣʲôʱã鲻ãͱˡХмĵ
ѽⲻĶѣ˭µ׼Σ
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СӲӰɣʱȻ˾Ȳѣ˶սսģȻ˼
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Ҷʮʮһ߿ʯͷϵ֣ΪԼˣЩǡ
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Сҧ񴽣˫ĿˮҲ̲ס£ʦһ׶Ͼеһ˿ϣ
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ЩҪעˣǳΪԺŵӵΨһᡣſ˺ܼ򵥣ɽ֮һ·ϣֱɽɻŵʸһָĴţһƬ֣ɭš
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Ժڣûʲô̫Ĺأǿ߶ߵԼԺԶҪ˵ʲôƽôɶЦ۶
Ժֻǿ߲ܷУֻ취棬ڼз棬ѰĻᡣ
ԺʼߣǿҪãΪǲҪϵѣҪΧĵˣ
˵껰»ĿһˣһЩɫЩ԰ף˵ͷԣڸһᣬ˳ģڿվһ뿼˳ֻܸ
˼ѵһ¿ˮ벻ĿеԺȻôпһط
û˳ΪЩߣõἫΪѵãŽԺһɳĿġ
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һˣ𽥱ѶȻԽԽߣǾŬҲʲôɾֻͣʵһ
ΪߣǸǼᶨ֮гԾû˭˳ġ
Ȼû˳ôҾֻףǺˣСһǡһ֣ȵŵӿ˿ʼ
һ£аǣӿȥʮǣٶɷǿߣ糱ˮһ㡣
˷汼ȥҶﰵһҡͷ˼Ҷ˵ˣ򵥣û˵ݼ򵥣ܵÿǾҪԴӶˮˡ
ȫҶŻظŽš
ҶıӰʧڴڣСһ˫ֽ߬


506 ԭϣ
֮ǰһƬдеɭ֣죬Ÿɽֱʡ
Ҷ΢һ£ɽҪʮߣһ·ϣûô򵥡

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ϲͷޣһǻۣжϳ·һ޴βֱͣӳϣ޴ʹһѪ
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һ£Ҷ˸ɾĵطϢһһҹ
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ǣҾ˵ҽԺʱ龰ǲİ̾Ϣ
ҪΪǿߣǱؾ֮·ûоôܳΪǿߣ룬ˣ
ǸչǸ룬˶Ժĳϡ
볤εЦһµɻ𾳶ǧˣĶʼˣ
볤ϵĻĹϣҲ̾ϢһȻɫ΢΢Щ졣
㿴ô֮ͣǰÿ˹չ;ǲͣ𣿡
볤Ͽһ̵ܣÿ˵°߶ԣǳҪܲʶġһͣȫԽȦôҪڶޣ֣֮
鿴˭ϲЩ棬һǸֹͣĹ㣬еıһĻʾ
ȻǸҶСӡЩĵ
Ҽǵֻжʮһ꣬ͽɷΪҪΪ˵İߣͻݽ룬ֱĵǸã볤ϲ⡣
ˣСˣûҪˡҡҡͷ
λ۹һһҹʱȥҶȵڶ¿ʼɽ۽
ոǰ˼ľ룬ǰܳһɫӰҶ
Ӱߴֻʮɵĳȣǣͷһǣ֫èצ繳
ȻǶèǡҶһϲèȻǿ󣬶ݣƤë޷һ㡣
ҶһܹèһˣҶߵĴʱèǵһ˫צץϡá
ɽľ֣Ӳȿʥڶèǵצǰͬһ㡣
Ҷһ˫Ŀ֮ȫս⣬ͷèǹϵδˡ
ǶèһУһɵת࣬ȻӴ󣬵˿Ӱȡ
˲һգ۵ʱ䣬èǺһţҶڶ
˫צХˣգۼ˵Ҷǰ

ҶףѪɫݺն
䣡
һ죬ϯΧĴ׷ױϣƼΪˡ
ҶͶèǶˣҶﲻϲèϣѷһ
ٲԥһѪɫһɫĿ磬Ƕèն
ܵҶѹƣϣٶٿ죬ôܸսҶȣ
Ҷӷһ·ɱɽ磬εȷḻèȻޣѪޣûбֻͨܿս
ĶҶȫԶһķʽͽǶȣĴ
ۣ
Ҷ׼һᣬ䲻ݷ֮ʣһնڶèǵĺ֮ϣѪɽ
ȻèǷߣΪޣǿޱȣҶһֻˣûܽһն¡
ҶĿѾﵽˣѡλӣһһǵնˡ
һٶܵ˼Ӱ죬ҶҪġ
ҶﻹһĿģǲܣΧ޻ӣһˣԼ׷ϣȻޣʱ򲻸ҹܴɣ֮ǡ
໣
èǷһŭҰҶɫһ䣬뾡
һУ»ޣҶһ˫ֽסɶèһֻצϣеĳŶèǲϵ⿳ȥ
ۣ
Ѫ磬Ҷһն˶èǵĺѪȾ˴أè˼¾Ͳˡ
һɼΪӴҶӿɰڴһ٣


507 Ｄ
һɼΪӴҶӿǹһӣעҶĵڡ
ҶͬһĵҵҶɫޱء
ܷɹڴһˣ֮ȫתǹڵתǵõת
ע룬Ҷ֮ǣҶĵﻺת
Ҷﲻҵ֮ûа㱣ǣһ޴ٶ
Ҷ֮ȫƶھһűˮԽתԽ졣
һҪɹ
ҶͷϺˣƴؽڵ𽥿ʼγɡ
Ҷ˿Ҵ⣬߶֮ȥת١
ΪγˣһԼ֮ϣϾǻôξȫʧˡ
Ϊ֮ȫԪתɫò԰ףҲҡҡ׹ʱѾ˲ôˣٵĽ
꣡
ΪҶҵĽﶼеģĲкײһ𣬷˾ҵײĽ
Ͳһˣ
ҶＱͷ󺹣֮Ѿת˼£һҪʵĸо
ŵЩкΪҵײʼ𻨣ҶޱȽ֮ѾＫˡ
ɰɰôӳɰ
Ҷз˻һԽȫͳеٶȴﵽһ¡
䣡
һ죬кĲкһ𣬼ٵײЩкȼ
ЩкȼѸһ壬ΧĲкԶɹԽԽγһֱһ
Żγɣһ嫵棬ǻΪģ
ŵСת֮ҶĵڣҶʱо̩еĸоֻˡ
ʹǿҶҲӷᣬΪʧãѣΪлѰҳȻȺ֪ˡ
һƨڵϣˮʪ·ʱҶƣ޲ڵϴ˯һ
໣
һХһʮɳİͻҶҶ޴ĻצҪˡ
Ҷд󺧣֮ģԶ͵˼㣬Σյĸ֪Ҳʧˡ
æԱһ޴ĻץҶ壬ڵϣҶûιȥ
Ҷæʱƣսֻܷɱ
ոձķΧҶﲻһԶʮͷ
ʮͷޣҶĵװģ˼£һͷ޶ԸˣҪˡ
붼룬תͷһȥЩ޼Ҷߣ׷״һҶ׷
Ҷ˦ĸһ㣬ɱҶﾪϲǣ񱻼ˣ֮Ҷ壬Ҳڻָ
ҶοǣЩ޶ޣҲҪзޣִ򲻹ӲǾͲǿˣǿɱˡ
Ҷͬɥ֮Ȯһ㣬һ·񱼣ʮͷ޲ĵظš
;֮Ĵʯ׷ױײ飬һ۶ȥɽһĴ·
ҶߵǣȺ޷·׼Ҷһ㣬ɱĲݡ
һһҹ׷ɱҶŵԪתѾԵһ֮壬ٶԽԽ죬ȺԶԶ˦ںߡ
м䣬ȻǰʮӰҶﱾ˵׷׳Ҷ￳
飡
Ҷæٵ񵲣ڵѾƣ侫ϣǿУʱεʱʮɡ
Ҷ俴ǣ˫Ŀ֮һ˿ɱ⡰ʲôˣΪң
ǰһҶһֳֳӣһҵȡһֱۣʶĻϽԶһۣҲûȥǵۣʧ㣡
ǹХ£Ҷһʵ
ǰˣһôϻҼˣ㵹ùһ仰Լ֣Ƕ֣
ǰһλɷԲǰ񼶵ĴڣߵЩˣҲЩɷ۷壬Ҳɷڡ
ƽʱҶȻǣ򲻹ҲԴݶˣոۣһո߶ѣ̺֧ǿս
ҶΪǣھ֮ѷǿѾǼˣЩˣɡ
ԶһۣȻҶ΢΢һתȻЦƾЩ棬ҲҶԶһۣǶǰ׳𣿡
СͷŴһҶ
Ҫɱ˷Ըֻһۣɱ˻ֵġߵһѵ
˳ҶҲ룬ͷܣһ㶡
Ѿղ˵ţƳ죬ΪƴأɳӾܡ
׷ֱһҪ£ǿǹϵһƷͿ˭ˣ
Щ˶֪ͣԲô˹׷׺Ҷ׷ȥ
Ҷһ߿񱼣һ߻֮ϣǰֿ̳һòҲͶŹȥ
֮£һȣ˰˸߸Ծֱɸߣһûï֦ܵҶС
׳գȻ׽ԲأǶϹ𣿡һ˲ЦҶʵЩͼ
ôһŴ³֮ǲҪ׷ˣҲǺ£
ͷ߸ȥȻһвɻǰȥ
һҪֱŵɢʮͷޣһһ㣬ǳ
ܰ
ôޣ˶ŷˣǻ˵Ҷ׷ɱ

һЩóٶȵǿߣƬ̾ͱ׷ϣһҧҲ̶á
ôˣЩҶﶼˣ׷׷ɱǣһ·ϼɹҽ
ҶſڴϣܼҶУ⿴ȥǵĲ״ɵǸһĨЦ
ڷȥôóڣ˷ԲķԲ߶ǧɣҶˣȻɫһ䡣
ΪЩɱЩ˵ħޣѾʼأԼڵŴ
ͷһ๷ǳޣҶʱǸζѰģ겻ɢ
Ҳ֪ûнȺɱ⣬аȺڵľȻ˲ãֻôһʱ䡣
ʱԹҲû취ܿ˿һˮ׻ҪִһȦ֦ŭţҶһ
ȡϣƤ˿Լǿϸάһʮɳָϸӡ
ذǸ֦ϣþȫɵķҶӴ֦һ¸¹죬ɿ£
Ҷ﷢Ҳ޷ֵľ󣬽ذϡ
Ǹ֧ϵϸ֦ȫ⣬ֻһͺͺ֧ɣҶȵ֧ϣ΢һ½Ƕȡ
飡
΢΢һΣҶæڼ䣬Ѿ˴£һͷҰһޣñӣݺݵھţµĸײȻ뽫Ƶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһնϣҶʱͬһɳ


508 ѹ
飡
ҶҲ֪Լɳ˶ԶʱֱײһϣʮɴϸĴǱҶײˡ
ǶˣҶҲײ߻أҷɣ涫
ò׻ָлһط򻻳ɱɷǿ⣬һ¾ײˡ
ͷһͦƣǵǰ˼һɽ
߽ɽһѨֻмɵľ룬ûҰ޼ľӣһȭںݣΧһƬڣҶ֧Ųסȥ
һ˯һһҹҶٴ۾ʱ򣬻֮Ҳָ˴룬ӡ
һȭں俪ʵĿҶﲻһ
ٺ٣ΪֻˣХǺúɣ㲻ĿģĿ㡣
ϸһԼĵͬ޾һ㣬һ̫ĺ㶨
￪ʼΧ̫תΧһЩкҲʼ仯׷ΧСĲкγһС壬һſǳ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ̫ϵ֪ļ٣ȻǴڵģɶˡ
ＤľΪˣڵֻ߾Ϊ˵һˮһɳĮһ㣬ʲô
Ҷһ㶼ż¾ڣһⶼǸơ
ɽһ·򣬶ɽȥһ·ûʲôޡ
ԽɽߣҶܹо֮ԽԽŨвУѹô
ﶼѾ̶ˣôλɽԺȻӲˡ
һһҹȻҲ˼ֻޣҶʶԶͷǣһһܿ
ΪոջָǼΪΣգɱԺеʱ䡣
ƹЩޣҶڵϵɽҶǣɽϹͺͺһƬֻһ
ٸߣֻʣ˲һˣҴˣȫ˷ܵɫ
Ҷˣ
һϲҶ̧ͷһȻǴСߡ
ҶﲻЩȣãȻȫˡ
˵Ϊ˷Ǻڣڶѣսǳ͵ģ˶ܻŵֻ˵ˡ
ҶȻû
һҧгݵֻӣһɱĿҶ
ҶһϳЩˣ;ΧԼҪԼһֱ۵ˡ
ʮˣֻʣǰˣЩҲƴġ
ϣּˣΪȻǿϲɺذҶ΢΢һЦǸѴкһ
ʱҶĳ֣˵עǶĿߣһȺҧгݣһ˴棬ǶЩͷԡ
ǰǸΪﵽɷ۷ǿߣһصСӣΪ㣬ôˣǧУͷ֮ޣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦô˵˸飬Դ¿ˣӲƴҿûһϵ
쵰Щ޷ģʹĲǮȥһֱۿͷһһĵ
ϣ
һĺӣΪɷ۷壬˵гҶֱնӻֻһֱۡ
Ҷߵλɫһ䣬׷׳׼֧ԮҶ
ǲҪ
ҶͷǵòͲ˵ģ˷ѣ
ۣ
һɹһͷ߸߷𣬲Ѫɸߡ
ǿͷϣűЦݣȻʱΣնûоͱնɱ
Ǹͷ壬ûͷ­£ǰ˼šͨһ¡
ĳ棬ͷҲǿߣ˭ɱˣɱɱ˷ʽǵһ
ľǣҶɱˡյһǳɣɾ䣬ҽ޼Ѱһ赸ңһŵĶȻһּΪΨĸо
ɱ˶ɱķ緶ܲľļµǣҶıϲǣŭһһǷ侲ĺ
ȫžǱһĻˣҶȴһ˿Цݡ
ĵڷһ죬һɾϮҶΪ߾ʿ
һۼǿߣȻֻһΪûа٣˷ܲѡ
˵ĵѾԽһ־磬һΪҲԭǿ
ͷɷԲǿߣʱŷӦʹһɫͬʱҶɱ
ҶǸһĨЦˣӦÿԽ߾˰ɣ
Ѫɫһӣӭ˵Ĺһ죬Ҷһˣȴͬغ«һ㱻ɡ
ҶڷʱѾ󵽿ԶԸĶħǰЩˣϸ⣬ڳ˵Ρ
һ𺧵ļˣҶﳤϵأ̬ȴ˸ӵĿ־塣
ΧҶˣʱһת᲻Ҷ޲ɫ䡣

ȻһΪͻأķһֻɫɢǿĲݺݵضҶĺ
δֲѾѹƵҶҶﲻкȻԼӦȻɻǿɡ
Ҳ룬еĳעոյõһȥ

һֲ죬ѵҶﱻֲܣҲһʹ
ҶﱻɼʮɣվʱѪеѪɫѾأиˣѪ
תͷȥԼովĵط֪ʱһͷߣбüۣЩĿҶȻû뵽ҶȻܹסһ
Ҷ￴ǹͷߣȵôĹȻԺ޹ɱˣ͵ԺϺڣ
ǹͷȹ󣬸Ҷκα粵ĻᣬкɫĳǶ𣬸ҶΧпռ䣬ݺ¡
ǳıɱףԼء
֪ͺͷϹΪߣܹԸģĿһϮֻܲͦ˫Ӳֻһ˫ֱۣܷסһûκεĵס
ʱҶ޾ԹһʵָȻͺͷߵͷ顣
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һ죬һѳǹסǸһŭڳϣʲô
ҶԸæ˼ʱſ壬ֵסǸˣɽǰеǸžǵ볤ϡ
Զ֪ʱϸһȺӰһںĵӣ¸Ժ͹ҲһĿǸͺͷߡ
СܵҶߣһѪҶЩô
Ҷ˵а٣СǱסˣ΢΢һЦοûµģһЩƤ˶ѣܿͿԻָˣ
ͺͷߴʱ˵һջеָҶǰɱˣΪάԺϣնɱкβɣ
Ҷд£¿ŵϵʬ壬΢΢һ
Ǹͺͷƨ
Ҷһ˫Ŀضͺͷߡ


509 ŵ
Ǹͺͷƨ
Ҷһ˫Ŀضͺͷߡ
ôĹȻҶڳĿ𳤣ʵڸȺйХԽڶָҶ
죡
һȣһεɢͷһݣԺŭˡ
Ҷȥ˵˲ò족ŵ
С΢΢Ҷͷ˼ԣ£ʦ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ܼ򵥣⼸һɱңһõĸɱˡȻҪͺͷݣұ֣ȻǾ͹ˣ
ɫһؿŵϵǼˡд£
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ҶЦһնֱۣնͷûʲôҵóˣеҩԸãͷ
˵˵˶ˣŭ
ǵˣ˵ĿڽǣҶǴˣҪŵĽڣ˵̣ڳô˿ɶˡҶﵭĵ
Ҷôһ˵˺ˣô˶ǣһȥԸҶĽЩ԰ס
Ҷﲢǣ˫ĿؿǸͺͷߡѹֻͺƤԹ϶ȥ˰ɣһɻ𾳵ǿߣȻ͵ϮҪģûôҪģ
ͺͷڳϣɫƽ˿Ϊ⣬ֻڱ֮£Ҫףǳھ֮ģԹҲɵ㣡
Ҷ벻һǲҪȻĽڣҪ༥Ȼ¿ڵ¾ôȥɣǻ͵ͨ˿飬ϲΪŵӣ
˿ˣ¼ΪŵӣԺᰲǵ֮أÿԺᷢ¸ǣھݣ볤ϻϸģ
µĻ˵꣬볤Ͻһööǩ£¼ŹѧԺĹغ͸
СҶʦ˵ǸڳϣһԺţûİѱ޷ʦźһСģڳһϵк֣ܶܳȻ޷Ը㣬ǱֶΣò
Ҷаҡͷⶼʲôʲôɽ𣿲ߴܵħ˰ɣ⾺ȷ绹Ҫпᰡ
ˣʦ˵ǸڳϸҹϵУпΪ˹ХԸġСȻ
ţһСĵģҽİɣûµģҲҪСˣĵҲŵɶ٣̫ͬңȻʦ»СΪϡҶﶣ
Ҳйı˵ʱ򣬻ѵãС΢΢һͷ
Ҷ˵껰λ߶˼󣬷ʦߣ´̤˴һ󲨶ǰ龰һ䡣
ǰһƬȫͬľȺɽȥԲ̨ͤ¥ƣ˶Ŀһ塣
Ҷﾪȵķ֣֮Ũ̶ȣҪŨʮ
½СһںĵӴߣֻʣ볤Ϻһŵӡ
Ϊŵӣǵְ𣬵ʱרִ¸ǰ䲼еֵĹȡס޺ƺͱ½˵껰볤Ͻһ¡
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Ҷʱ볤ϰдҶһСģʲôΣգң
Ҷ΢ɲһͷССԼܵչˡ
򿪲һһƿƿӣһԲĵҩҶ΢΢ҡͷҲֱӶƿӡ
ÿҲ֪һЩӸ򣬾һЩͻƿĵҩ¾ĵҩԻٸ
˵ҩӤȭͷСľӨ͸ʯͷɢŨ֮Ǵ˵еʯ
ǺöҶʹɽӲĻңʯԶֵ
Щ⣬ؼһڹҶҲÿˣһǱϱдԦ
ⱾԦҶ˼Ȥ׼ϸһĸݵĺӣ˺Ƕ
һͷˮǸݺӣɫôÿֻܸ
ǸݺӴˣɽһΪƫƧ֮أǰһľͷӣͰƾɣɢһɷùζ
ԺǵסˣϱбţǶԺšҽһ£ҽи٣ǿԳƺΪִ£ǵһжҪǣԺԼңҲǰʲôݣ͸ʵ㣬²桱ִĿˡ
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ǸͷСӣǹЦʲô˼ǻ˵Ļ𣿡ִºȻһָҶȵ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ԼȻЦϾԲֳһҲ磬Լ
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զҶָոջΪΪ׳ƻԼ顣
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ףִ¾Ͳƽˣѵ͸İɣִҲǲˣֻҪǹԹҪҲΪǣҪ㰲һЩְ񣬶ˡ
ǸִһѶҶɴ۾ǣȻǣԺ޵һЩӻ
ҶﲻЩɵۣģôϡͿĳ˴У
ԭŵӣλܵͣҪԺһЩۣÿȡǰ빤
ŵӣһͻƵͿԽţΪŵӣŵǲ۵Ŀ԰
Ҷû˷Щϣ˶ȡƣԼϢҶһתֱߵҪ뿪ĸִǰ
ţ㻹¡ִüͷ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǸƿɫִ£ˣ㿴岻ãͷˣܸܲҰŵɵ
Ҷƿִ۾һΪȻһصľԺôɾһҵ
Ҷͷ̣ܽȴʮ˴Ůȫһ飬ôװһô
ܣԺΪִ¸ƣɣҩ԰ȱһˣȥɡִױģ˵ꡣ
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ŸִȥıӰҶŷöɵûιǻеֵĶ
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510 
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СӣŸոտʼأ


513 ŵ
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Хһֺֻݺݵϣһ죬ŭ쵰ȻΪŵӣˣ³Ҳܵ
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С΢΢һǿ㲻ܽ룬ͨˣ
أǴϰ壬ҰԼˣҲҶٺһЦ
ߣԲԣƤЦһΪΪŵӣβءС
ãŮҪҲõӦԷǱ죬Ҷɴ಻˵ˡ
ˣʲôСȻ
ֶԵ̫ԿҶʵش
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ҶЦص治ϰ壬ˣС㣬ǱôǸչĻ쵰ûپ㣡
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ҶﱾܵһѹסСС㶷΢΢б©®ɽĿ
ݣҶһ


514 īǹ
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ҶﻹǵһμòϿȻŮӣһϣСȴһ־ǧ֮Į
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㡭㡭֣
С֮һƬ߼ŭ
ҶŷӦæ֣ϻŴС㣬ʱҶֻԼ
СҶĻһͷС¹ײײȥղҶﱧסһ̣еǰδеܰо
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ǧ
СЩţһʮǧǧİʲô˲ʹð
ҶﰮֵĸǺǹС΢΢ҡҡͷһ̫˿͸ˡ
ٺ٣׬ˣллС㡱ҶЦеĿŴС
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ǸϴǼһ֮󣬾뿪˱⣬ҶбīǹҪֿ˻
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һ˵ҪѡɵҶͷҡø˹ƵģǸҩûʲôȴ𡰵ҩǾԲõģС㻹Ŭʵһָһأ
Ҷһ仰ڶôС㷼ĿҪҹһ
СˣȻվҶǰȡ¶ң¶毺ϾգҶͷ


515 С˼
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һͽһ޻ɱҶľѣīǹȷʵǿ
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ҶѾĿӣ콫𣬼һѾãֱӱС
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Ҷ﷢һ쳤ХҶָˣ


516 Ҷﱩ
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ߵǿھԱߣһȭҳ𣬺䶯Ժ


517 
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ɢȥҶɾԴģվΣħǿ˽սķӿȥ
Ҷһתħȵ֣Ͽ֧Ԯˣħ康ηʱˣħʿǣҳ尡
պ꣬Ҷ;üͷһһץסΧȥͬʱߴһмСС͹Զ㣬ﲻܹģ
ҶǱĴӵж˸м㣬ȴеٿˣһȥڼܿͿɳԽǵģ
˵껰ҶＫΪߵﳤȥԶħǿߣɫ˳ÿһۡ
ҶΪɵػħӪΧħǿߺѾӾܡ
ԶɴǿߵĴս֮Ҷһ㲻ŲԵģˣǼΪѵġ
һ·񱼣ûаͣЪֱʱɫѾҶһƨڵϣڵĴϢš
Ҷ£ŲԺȻҶߣҲǴڵĴϢ쵰Ȼƴһֵ𣿡
ʱĹŲѾ֮ǰɷǣ飬Ѫͷϸ߸ֻһ㡣
벻ʪȻͷ֮ˡҶﲻЦ
ŲʱŸоͷһۣҶЦôգһСӣŪû˵ûУһԺЦ
İɣ
ҶһӣǰһӳͰͰһ֣ζ̲ΧĿռ䡣
ۣĸ㵽ˣ̫ˣ
ŲԴϲһͰСش򿪣ͳһ룬صһơ
гɫŨۣζǳƢҶҲһڿˮ
룬Ųϸޱȵ֮ɫҺȻƷ
ŲԺȻĿҶֻͰôٰɣ˵㵽˶Ͱ
һʮͰһͰôˣҶһĵ
ƨֻʮͰƣôħĻ쵰ôܵȼԴƴɵӣŲߵ
ŲԵĲͣѹեҶڿʵʵȡʮͰƸŲԣŲüЦǴ֮ɫָֻǰɷǡ
ҶкЦҲ˵ԼĲǸͷѣʣͰء
װޱίŲ˼ƣȻҺޣ븹֫ٺʮǧë׶·Ҫ質һ㣬Ҳס泩ĸо
ʪҿСʲôõġҶ˰죬ȡһС
ŲһСʱŭ


525 ۣ
ŲһҶϵСŭ
Сӣ˵ǸħĻ쵰ƴԭ͵
Ҷﲻ˸ۡðհ͵ƣΪĶҲȥĺòѵ˵㵱ڲҵģ
ҶŭڵĿԼŲԶʱ֪Լ˵ˣæΪʦôڲأֻЩѣ
ңʲôôʹáҶ
ͰҺŲһֵ
ͰôȥҶŭ
Ųڵĵ
ߣԺʱȥҶﲻмĵ
ɾµ˿϶֪ɾϣ²ⶫˣСסŲԵĵ
ãҸͰʦ̫޳ˣҵùҶӳͰҺ
ŲҲŭЦĽСӣʦôãڿʼѧˣõϰߣúñȥ
ҶĲһûǰɻѹ£շ
СһΪۣϱ߿̻׭ɱСɾǿߵһݺ͵λȻŰ׵ɣۻǼΪģֻҪʯ֧֣ٶȣɾǿҲ׷ϣĺñϱԴһܣһʯԷһƲٺ٣ɲСɱھǿûʲô⡱Ųŷ٩٩̸
˵һӣǷ˲һɳľ޴ۣ룬һŴڡ
ϵͼڿڳͷ״ȥʮ䣬ڵĺλϣŲٰۡ
Щ۾ǷʯõģֻʯϵƣܷƲ
ʹã̤Ϸֵۣظڣһս
ֻеĻֻҪƷʯɣҪ뷢ڣҪƷʯˡ۵ĿǰʮҲһӰʮʯ뷢ǿƲҪһƷʯҲʹƷʯƷʯͻˣ
ҶŲԵĽͣո˷ܵʱһɨ⣬̫Ǯˡ
һƷʯ൱һٿƷʯƷʯѻ
Ʒʯɻ𾳡ھǿߣʹãǿŨ̶ȡ
Ʒʯ̺ʱ䣬ɾǿģеĻңһ㶼ƷʯΪ
Ҷ˺ĵӣһµĹҲֻжʮƷʯ
Ҳ˵Ҷ˰Ĺʣֻһڵģѹǰ˵ǿġ
Ųһʹ÷ҶｫսС磬ԺҪ취׬Ǯˡ
ʪڰҿΣ˵껰Ҷֻֽȡ˳
ŲȾأҶеĽΣһھɫŹֵĿҶ
СӣȫǸ㰤ģѹǸ쵰ƴҪǻңҲƴ㲻Ҫңıȫ˰ɣ
ҶЩһЦôܰգ𣿲ǻǽڣذ壬ﶼ
ŲЩЦÿҶβҡҡͷܸоҺǱأ
ôᣬ˼ҵϼ޻ı㣬ôƵأⶼҶﱾټһϲҪ뻹ˣҪ治ҪˣԼͳԴˡ
ܺãôҲʼѧĲҪˣѡ²ˣȻûҾͲթСˡŲЦǺǵͷ˿ܻ䡰թ֣Ҫľ񷢻ӵ˼¡
öͨɽ죬ΪѵõǣһöǶУ̻˼Ϊӵƣ֮Ҫ֪ᣬǷ˵֮ᣬ̺ޱȾȻᣬǳҲȻǳ֮壬Ҳ൱ɹۣöΣ˵һǳķŲԶЩĽĵ
Σ۲ͬһķҪʹȵõϿɣ󣬲ʹáŲѵ
СϴīǹҾλҲ̫ʧɡҶ΢΢һЦ
ֹʧֱĺ벻СӾȻһӣȻôĶҲˣŲЦ
ǰҵˣұȻμģлᣬұȻٱرҶ
뷨Ǻã̫ҵı׼һüŬúøһ¡Ųҡҡͷ
󣬹ŲԺҶûоκ˵£͵͵طԺ
ҶոջصԼķӣͿСУҶʱһϲ漴һЩȥˣҲ˵һǲԽԽϰˣ
ЩЦõĿŴС㣬ĴϰôһԹСϱ
ҶﾪϲǣСȻΪͻˣæȭϲϲϰ壬𾳣ʱнжһλǧĵľǿߣ
Ҷôһ˵Сϲ΢죬ҪҶΪ˵ûҾˡ˼һкЩ㣬˴ҲӰΪʲôأ
˵С˫Ŀ΢΢һ죬Сδһˣί
СҶﲻЩ˼æЦϰ壬ˣصظɹһϣϰЦɣ
˵ҶͳһεУԭװҩģҲûʱȥɹӣֻܽˣܱȹͺͺһûеĺá
ߣ˭ϡĶСȻЩ˼ɲġ
Ů˼Ҷ̫˽ˣôѵװ̾˿ðΣղȡģȻĳ˲ϲҾͰ˰ɣ
˵ҶߣСȻתվס
һ߶ԶءҶＷüŪ۵Ц
Ҷﻬı飬Сսⶳ͡һЦ˳Ȼ־Щ˼æתȥ
Ҷｫе˫ֵݹȥصһСС⣬ϰЦɣ
Сҧ񴽣Ŀ֮ȫЦ⣬תӹҶݹУֻҪƽͺãʲôģҸں
еĺӣС΢΢һЦһһĵӽĵҩŪң̫ˣ
ŴСĻҶůůģû뵽СԼΪС°ԣԭһжǴġ
ҽܴС㣬ΪԸԺ˶ΣϾŮ˶ƶʵĶµľŮ֮䶷ȥ
ҵǣԼк֪Уʹж⣬Ǿĥϣܹãమ
򿪿ҶＫΪŵЦ
СҡҡͷشУһöγǰʱС㽿һ
ҶֻκƯҺϲлл㡱С㿴һۻӺϣ糺졣
Ҷһ㶣Լе龰òкܴЩĿɿڴصˣ
ˣСߵĸӺˣߵҶǰȻҶһǣñӻСܿ˰ɣ
ҶЩЦãҲ˼ɲġС㣬ϸֻΣ
Сʱ·ҲеҶ˼ˣؽȡϸһĿôģһֻֽסӣڣĲţ
ٺ٣ͶˣӦеЧ


526 ¶
ŴСԾı飬Ҷʱ¶Цݣŷе龰
ҶѵǡС㿴ŽΣ΢΢Щŵĵ
ûҶЦ
һС㼤ĵҪֻ֪ɾʸӵУǿ
Ҷ̫ˣ㻹ԼðɡСȻ۵֮ɫƸҶ
ãҶԺиһ棬ԼһһֻŽΣһָֻģɵü˸ս
һˣҪЦҵһ⣬û͹ʲôǲ°ɡҶҲġ
ҶһϣС㷼ůůһɾۺıô͸˭ᱻжԼӸ
Ҷлл㡱СؿҶļϣظŽϵķᣬ
ϧҲ̾
ϧʲôСЩ⡣
öεĻ֮պ÷ϴСľ֮ݣãù⣬вҶ̾
ı˭ҴͷϣǸһһȺؤУŽûʲô
ҶԼСĿﲨתЦ֪ǺҵģһǺܿġˣŪģ
͵ġҶЦ
˵أһ쵽ûһʵСֵ
͵áҶĵ
Ź֣ô˵ҶϲһСҲһӡС㿴ҶĿ֮ϸһĨᶨ֮ɫж
ã˵ٻûţ˵滰ҲûţȻһʦƷֱ½ˡ
ˣС㣬ﻹкö㡱ҶȡһͰҺͰǣ崼䣵ζ䡣
㣡
С㲻ݣΪһ֮ŮҲδŵôľơ
򿪾ͰҶ﷢Ͱȥߣݻȴʮɼ
𱻹ŲԿӵͰҺҶһʹϻ쵰ҵţҵľûôÿӵġ
ȡֻ룬ҺŨһľҺԴС֣Ҳ΢΢һ¿ˮ

ҶЦŶ˸Сһ룬С΢죬ӹҪȣȻӵס˾룬Һһ
ҶϧСƷƵ̬ûʵһʧ
ľƣҡҺ񡭡ҵľ綼˼֣ľҲͨ͸˲١СЩɲ
𣿻£СȼԿҶæСơ
С㲻ӣ糺죬̬·ʱ䶼ֹͣˡ
ὫһҺ꣬СӨεӣϣŵ¶飬ޡ
ҶĿԼСϲĿЩֵô˼ң
ʵҶĵ
СˣҶһµ˵ᱡ
ֿʼëඡ
죬ëʲôʱܽҶŭ
ҶôˣˣСҶɫһЩʵ
ҶæһЦûȻһϼһһֻѻһ¸ҽСˣоΣ
ȷʵľϵĸӣͻƿмİƽʲô֣Сʵ
ʲôҺҶ

СĿ֮ȫ֮ɫҺǿǼƷƣΪŪģ
ҶҪ˵СȻЦ㲻ҪңҲ͵İɣ
ЩεͷЦ治Ǵϰ壬ⶼˣ
˵滰ˣ浱ɵôƭ𣿡СӣЦ
Ҷƣ˵滰ŵĸоĺܲãתȻƶаͶȥɣ
˵껰ҶȡʮͰҺĴСЩ֪˵ʲôˡ
ô࣬𰸿϶ֻһɴͲˡ
ˣô죿
ԼأİɣСʵСС࣬ҲǴºóҶЦ
Һ͸˵Ķ
Ƕ¾Ҷ˵˿ι⣬ûʲôôˡ
ôݳ޵ıΪ˽Ҷﶼһֱĸо
ҶﾡԼÿֻǺһ룬͸Ͽֹͣ
С㻹ЩԥҶЦƾǵĹϵͲҪô˰ɣ
ҶĻֱףȴôС㷼ůģһҺ
С㣬ǼùģǶҪܣ㳢һ£ɷΣĿ԰쵽ԺǾͶһɱﵡҶ
Ҷ˵Уšǡǡ׽Сɵصͷʡã
ϣ˺ȻЩҲʲô˵ֶЩ᲻÷ֻֿĬĬԡ
ҶԸҽĹʲôϲãʲôɻ䣿СͷЩ֣
С仰ļС㡱ǱԼ̬ȣŮ˵һּ
ǸŮ˵ĸ鲻˽ĸŮ˲һݰ飬˭Ը˷Լˣ
ҶŴС֣ǶǻĵĿɶһദĺģ㲻Ҫ̫ĸ
ҶĴţСеа࣬еĵǣҲɢȥ١
῿Ҷļϣǿı۰򣬲ܸȫĸоｫһĹޡ
ԺҪסңҪҸκŮ˽ӴˡҶᱧŴСЦ
ΪʲôСɻ
ҶظŴС覵ݣصһˣҹܲסԼĸ飬ԻҪϰලУ
С΢΢һҡҡͷ㲻飬ҽδ㲻Ҫˣһоģ
𵱳ҶӲĳͻأС㲻Ŀһ죬ˮ
ҲԣҲԣ֮һ֣Թܽ⣬Ҷﲻа̾
ǵСʵ˵һ㶼ûȷʵˣһΣҵļѾǳصĸˡ𾳵ڤ׿֮ʱһֵܣΪ˾ңҵǰʹĸоֻԼܹᡣǿػסԼˣұÿʼӣߵ˻ҵǰҶ̾
Ҷ
Ҷͷİ׷˫Ŀ֮֮ɫôСϧ
ҶֻжʮһѣȴһЩ߻Ҫࡣ
һΪŵǿߣҫ۵Ĺ⻷صᣬȴһߵ˶ûС
ҶǿһЦ˸еɢɿ鲻ҵķڻҪŬУԼøǿ󣬽ҵֵܺͺ֪ȫһ
СͷţҲŬУԲᱻµģ
ĸ㰡ҵϰ壬㷹ͶˡҶЦ
һ࣬СȥչأϾɻҪõϿɣѶǼģҪһʱ䣬ܷɹʵδ֪
ߴСҶһ£ǵóȥһˣеһ¡
סߵĹ㳡һųڿΪ͵ĺĵˣǺ˰


527 
ڿΪ͵ĺĵˣǺ˰
ҶոĹ㳡ȥԺסıؾ֮·һ
ͣ½ŲŤͷһХʮĵӣһĿ
ҶЩ㲻СӵʲộԼǺĵˣϿԸƽƽǵԺĵӣôƣ
ллϴҵĶǰѹͦ˳֣´ʲôö˼ТҰҶ￴װһοӣ˲
ԭһĹХûҶһ仰ҭϴ͵ʴףѾȫԺЦ
Ҷᣬڽ˰̣ȻзŭϻװһƵı顰һƷѣڼҴҵĹ˵ǾţһëҲֻһЩؤ֮Żϲ񣡡
칭Хһʹı飬Ҷ֪ѹıֻǴӶѡ
Ҷøƽϣͷصסʲô£л˵ƨͷţ
ХɫһȵҶΪԺΪʦ˲ˣֻһССķѣһһ³ҹХص֮ˣСʶһ㣬³ԶЩʱ֪ô
ž
Хոս꣬Ҷһֺֻݺݵسϣ޴⧲ĹХɡ
ֱɳʮɵľ룬ײڼɽɽ֮ϣɽȻֹס˷ơ
Хû뵽ҶţĹ㳡ǽ˲ﶯ֣ܵϳͣҪȻҲŵ
Ҷ
Ϊ֮ӣô󣬵һα裬ĹХͷ
ƱҪҶǼһˣæס
ʦ֣ǽ֮أﶯֻܵĳͷģ
ѽʦ֣ϴһλʦﶯ֣ͱһĽգ
סĹХ˿Ҳ侲оһƬʹһֻ۾ģ壬֪ʱѾ׵Ĳˡ
Ĺ㳡Ϻĵ߶߷һУһ˵Ŀ⡣
ǸҶԺյصӣôĵӰ͸ҳɻ𾳵Ķ⣡
ȷʵڽ֣ԺҲӲģ
ǸһһĹХͷǺĿģ
һӪĵӣ˵ŷСȫǹġ
Ҷڽ֣군ˣҿôճХľʵգݺݵص
ŹХҶصХǾһ׳գסٰ׳ոҶûϵ㸸ĸĻ⡣ϴ¸ҵ飬øƽϣԺòҪң
ϴιХҶҶȷʵޱȷŭҶûʱĵϷֻҪԼ¾ȥˣҪʵûʱ˷ѡ
㵱ԼʲôһСС͸ţãԺΪӣһֻ־Ϳ㡱ХЦ
Ҷʼ磬ЦҸ˵Ķ˵ˣôѡͿˣһ£ǻˣأȡ㹷
˵֮ҶﲻǸһһİ׳գˣͲӦȥ
һﻹôŭԼֻ˵̷⣬ҪôСʱ¹̷۳Զˣ̶ﵽˣֻ椡
ʲôЦŮҲݣ½ʱ㣬;Բ㡣
ҶȥıӰХķζҪըˣȭͷĽģһȭ
ңΪҶһɾʦɱҶʵҲܲסһɾܵŭ

޴˵ٴˣ㲻ҪȥҶһţֳΪԺ˵ӣȻһɳ죬ҲҪң
һ侲ڣڵһίĹХƿŭɽҵ
ǣ쵰Ҳ̫ˣȻִˣԺأʦХ
ͽ׵øͷһƿҲзŭҲǳԼ
ˣȻȥɣԻԺ׼Ժ˲ܻطҶһΣٸȥҶݹΪʦ飬ʦšƿȻ
ǣʦӽ̻塱Хһ˿ŭɫƿղһֱͷ˳ȥ
ŹХȥƿ̾˿ôôһ׳ͽܣʱƶ

Ҷ벻ǣԺ˵סһʮֵļªҶ￴Ųʱһڲǰϵصˣ
ţ
㲻˵ʲô𣿡
ˬ
ŲһϣŭڽִˣԺأΪԺ̡ܻΪԺӣ֪һȣദͷ㡭
ҪϼһٴǵƵ⡱ŹŲԺȻתŭ
ƨϷ𣿡ŲԴŭҶӵ˵Щ㡣
ȿȣʵд͵ԵֹˣҪһĹµĻᣬĿȿȣ빱һ㶫𣿡Ų̬ȱüΪͣĵĵ
ҶҲ˵ôб۾ſһ̫޳ˣȺӣԼǵҵò˶ãҪ۹ˡ
ŲҲ˵˴۵Сۣ㿴ңҿ㣬ɫΪƽ
˰ʱŲԹһЦס˿飬ѧ˵㶫
Ҷ۾һмǿ˭޳ⶫʲôã
Բӣֻй޳ܣܻøԶֻй޳ܣܻùֻй޳ܣõ˾¡Ϊ޳ܣǱǿˣޱȼɵ޳޵ҲԽ޳ܣԽ֣СӣⷽǱʰһúġŲ˵޳ܣ˫Ŀо䣬·ഺࡣ
ҶﲻˣҲɾ춼Ϲۡ
ʱҶĶˣôһ޳ܵʦ̵ôⲻǳ˵
Ҹ˵ǣСӲعأҺοŲһĨ룬ͷ
عأһЩûϢĴֻһй򣬲ʵɵ߷壡
벻ͷеɰĵطҶһµĵ
Ų΢΢һ㶣ЩĿҶСӣ벻ľ粻ͰȻܹʳôȵ⡣ҵĵ޾ڣݺң׷ĵ
Ҷͷ˼һ£ÿΪǿߣҪżᶨκʱ򶼲ᶯҡҲֻˣܹѾһ·ǰУɾɵ
治ͽܣҽ̵ôãԣʮ꣬ͲܸһˡŲԹЦ
ҶһˣݲҪԼҪ㾡һȥѧϰˡ
ʪ׼һʱ䣬һˣеﴦһ£ʯ
ϴҶħ⣬ЩħսõսƷħ޷ԦֻţҶ׼һЩʯ
ħҶᵽٺõԴǾǷ
ŲûҶʧȻԺԼձǸҶһͻҶﵱ뿪Ժǰҹųǡ


528 
ž
һ̾Ĳ豭ˤķ飬ХһŭԺȻƫ̻ҶֻͷŰ£ǳͷǽ¼ڣһȺ쵰
ХֱˣԼˣҶûܷõԿ
Хһɣ첲šȣҶԴģǷɡͺͷڳϣ̾˿Ȱ
ôܣҶĻ쵰ʬΣͷ֮ޡХ
ڳҡҡͷҶһ⣬ùХħγһ⿪¹Хһ޷ˡ
ҪһǹХ³ޣξһǽҶɱ;
ԹХ°ԵıԣһȻвͨڶ̫ˡ
ɱһţһɾܵĵӣ»ͱˡ
Ȱ㣬ǲҪӲøļڳĵ
ХһǿԼ侲İɣҹХɵӣҪҶһҪɱ취
ºءڳЩͷƤ飬˿ҲˣһǣҲҪ
İɣ·ҶˣҶ֪ҸɵģҲκβң
ХϸһĨ˫Ŀ֮иǳɭЦ⣬һĶߡ

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캣ȫͬ캣ʱ̽ţһּΪѹֵĸо
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߱ضǣɻ𾳣ҲżʣҶипѡ
չŲԸҶĵַҶﴩĽֵһߴĽǰ
һĸ¥ÿ㶼мʮɸߣܻǣơ
ϣдԾġҹС
ûҶţһΪﵽʥ߾ƷεˣҶǰ빺ﻹۣ
Ҷﳤôǵһα˽ǰ׹ɽ磬ǲƺ˵ġ
Щ˿ȥʮ꣬ʵϿѾǧˣԶʵƺġ
ҶֳΪ˵Ҫǰƺܻ˵Ĳ
۵㶫һӱǰҶ
Ҫƹ⡭ǸЩɣӱϰ壬˭˵ܼá
ȻҵġҶ֪˵꣬һӸ
ǹŲǰģ˵ֻгʾƣ˼Ҳſϼ
ȻǸȥ˲һ͹ؽҶ˽һżһɫۣͷ쳤٣ȥʮŮӣ
Ů޳ұ˳ŮԵζǰ߸߹˵ʱơ
ǺǺǣŲǸϻ쵰Ȼôõһͽܣϧϧ
Ůӱҹеϰ壬ŲǰҶŮΪֲҪ
֪ǰ˵ÿϧָʲôأҶﲻ档
ѽ˼ʲôǰ˼ҶˣҶˣͽ˼սɡӱĵģҶһͷƤ顣
͵ͷͶˣ㣿ҶǹŲԵĽ̻壬ͷҶս㣡
С죬ûô˧ҪǱǸȱʦˣͶɣСӱҶЩϧĵ
Ҷһ㶡ɣôأ
أеĸأǸϻ쵰Ľҿɲ˵̫໵ֻҪ֪ϻ쵰Ǻöˡӱӣڣһµӡ
ȻܸʦһĶϺ꣬˵һ룬ʣµñȥ£۲¶Բ´ûϵ
ս㣬С㶫ʦ˵Ϊۣͯģ
˵껰Ҷｫһӱ
ҶĻӱһ󿩿ЦǰĲˣεҶͷۻСһﲻʵŶʦǸ쵰Ųô˵ءô𣬽ǲԿģ
˶лսˡҶ¶һЦݣб˲ռ˵װװ崿ֲԿ
ףȻôࡱӱ򿪴ӣ΢΢ЩԾȻǧƷа˼Ʒٶ
ǲ٣ʦͲԶˣʦĶûеڷġӱЦ
ʦҲҶһ
ǵȻˣǸϻ쵰ҰתֵģϼһеıǲŽһءҲ۷Ź⣬Ķ붼룬ǸĹɰ㣬Ҳѱ㡱ӱЩмĵ
ϼһݣҶҲӱĻΰĻ롣
뻻ʲô˵ùķϣҿԸг۸һɵļ۸չӱܴ󷽵ĵ
˾Ͷлˣ뻻ʯƷʯҶЦ
ӱ΢΢һüЩȻ࣬һЩã뻻ʯ˶٣Ʒʯò˷ѣ绻һЩؼߵҩʵڣ
޷СãͷˡҶЦ
ðɣȻ˼֣Ҳǿг۸ƷһһƷʯЩԶһĿƷʯҿԸ飬Σӱһµ
ЩҶûʲôôԻƷʯܲѡ
˶лˡҶϲ
ЩƷʯͿˣԺΣգҲһıϡ
ĺӣʦﱦѻɽȴΪʯϲΪ㲻ֵӱ̾˿ȥȡƷʯҶ
Ҷӹʯϲص뿪ҹУƷʯֿ˻ԺھǿҲˣ˾һں
֮£Ҷҹųתתҵ֣Щð̯߰ڸ˴ԼĶҶ˵ڰ˻ĳǵð߷С
ǸϣҶԵǸ󰵽ĹƬһǿġ
·Ϻתһӣ˺ǮϽ׶ʯɡ
Ҷﲻпɽ磬Լһ⵰еõľʯ
ʯ̫ҪˣʯĸֻҪϣΪȻһǧ
ȻҶò˵Ըҹ꺮ʱǾҪʯܽΪ
ԸԼֵؾۣһսɽ磬һѪڡ
ĿĵĴй䣬ȻǰһƬ㳡ѹѹͷ㳡֮ڡ
Ҷ²죬Ǹ㳡ֻǰ㳡ǰһ̨֮ϣһٸ죬òŮϥϥǰһѹ١
㳡ˣȴ˵Ŀ⣬Ůϡ

һ죬Ůָңʡ顣


529 
ҶͷһŮǵȻֱ飬쳹
ǿ⾳
Ҷдһһ죬ֱͨģû֣Ѿ˲㶯ֵͷ̫ˡ
ҶԾһǰڹ㳡ϵڶǣ˫Ŀգ

Ụֲ̊ö΢ůˮ˵⡣
һϣ̩еһ׳һճӤһ޹
Ҷһ鲻Խ˿շ׷ף뽭ƣֻӦУ˼ĵüš
ѾһѾһֳʥ龳
䣬ȻҶӦǸŮӣЩĿԼ
˻У˫ĿգϸƷζеĵϣϣͻƾ
Ҷ֪Ҫ㣬Լھⷽ棬һصصäŮټ߳ȴڶţ٣ԵԼ̫ͻأˡ
뿪ǱΧУ˻ڻζԼóȻ뿪͸ˣһʱЩ֪ȥǸ
ʵСһ򣬵سӴȻ鴫
ڹ㳡ǰһλΪݵİӣ޵
ǱΪӵıС㣬òһЦ׾½ӼЦˡ˴α£Ϊټ֮ϣһƿύһЩʿĲ㣬ͻ
˵ЩʱĿҶҶ˿ѧˣװĿ򣬸һͲôˡ
ټ죬ºʸۡ½̾һ
ĺĳӣʡҵǳմ
һЩǿһľ͸٣ԭβƵƿȻɶļǶŮм
ǿҲ׷Ůл΢ЩңҶæץסᣬĵ⼷ȥ
λ̨С̡ŮҶķ
Ҷװû⼷ȥֻСûǮ㣬ʲô
СӣӸ˵أ̫ʧ˰ɡһɻǿߣһѽҶסɫõĽѵ
°Ҷװһ㶣аѾĳԱ˳ŵû¸˰ɣʧʧë¡
˶ҶҶֻӲͷƤӽסʲô𣿡
͸֮ƣС÷ŷ֣֮У̨ʼղӰ죬Сʮֺ棬ָ̨Сټ֮в㣬Сøм˵껰Ҷһ
ڱǰǸ½ӣҶһۣһֻСӶѣĲ١
Ӹ˵˱ĸϿػҶЩ֧֧ᣬ½һ˿м
꣬˭˭ˣΪʲôôɵңѾҪߣװʲô⡣
ҶŭһϵĿԼ̫ûƷˣڳôǿߣھмʮ
һ𴥷ŭҪĳˣãúǰ
ˣ²ͨɣһǶţˣСţӼЦˡҶЦ
Ҷ˵ȤԭҶĶʼ֮ģ˲١
Ҿ˵һСССӣôóϴԭˣ
˷׷׳ЦҶҲںűһȭ»Щ£ɸˣ
˵겻ȱشתʧȺ֮УûҶȥıӰǸһĨζЦ⡣
űĨЦݣ½һȻߵһ˵˵˼䣬˵ͷʧȺ֮С
ҶȺٲ飬ҪȫˣȥҪ
˳һ·񱼣ޱƣܹо½ӶĶ⡣
Ӹûɱ֮ûж֮ޣżѣΪëӡ
Сվס
ҶոձʱǰȻˣҶϳһվ½ߵһ
֮𾳣ؿҶҶֻͣ½Ų
СӣҼȥһˡһҶһһ㡣
ҪǲȥأҶһŭȻоûôСˣǱϣһջ
ɲˣ˵ˣҪǲԸ⣬ͷȥҲһҪúѡǵǺϲٲֹȥʡ²١˲мĿҶ
ҶʹһĶͷҾǻԽǶܣ鷳Խˡ
ҸȥˡҶεĵ
ߣСʶȤһҶıԤ֮С
ȥ֮ǰͼλһϣΪ½ǰԼ䣬һҶװΪµĵ
һǼ۾һͷû⣬óɣ
еĲмҶ￴ҶкЦ̫ƽԶˣС
λ뿴
Ҷ˵꣬ռһһϰɳķۣǰ
ȻǷۡ˴Ϊϲ
Ƿۣһ̻أһҪסŶǡء񰡡ҶվڷϣЦ⿴ˣһڿڶˡ
ǡڣܡǼ˴ʱŷӦɱ
ҶɫһʹһһҧһöȭͷСƷʯ±ߵİУϵơ
ϵ񸴻һ㣬ͨɢɹ⣬һɿֲѹ俪
䣡
һǰرҳһӣһ·ϳֱӽȫɡ
۶ľ룬Ҷûӷϵ
£ҲҪ飬Ȼƫˡ
ҶﰵһղһھȻƫˣڹΧ󣬷ҶҪˣһƷʯһ졣
Ҷ߹ȥһںĵطһԲĴӣΧɢŽϢ

׷ɣǱӰеɻǿߡ
ΪҶһڴƫˣûбУƾɻ𾳵ǿΪŵ⣬ǿߣֱӱը
㱣ȫҲȫѣһΪΪ赲ǿֲĹһգ
ѽǲ˼Ҳ񣬶̫أղ𰡡ǱһϢӰҶЩεֵ̯̯
СӣǹӣȻ֮أʶþ͸Ͻߣ㻹һǰλвҶɻǿߣʱɫ۵ĵ
һ׳ˣҲð׳ˣ԰вҲ˵óڣǴĲɾҩҶҡͷ
СӣǼҹӿǳ˵ĶӣɱǣȻܵҹųǵ׷ɱ
Ҷеɱ⣬֪ºˣȵϣܹҶס
ҰﲻͻƵĵطҶԾѾ۷壬ɱ˶֮Ͼͻͻơ
û⣡
ۣ
ѪɽҶﳤǹֱ𴩹˵ؿڣɻǿߣĿȫǿ־Ͳʣһжˡ
úֶΰ㻹˳Ծأ
һöҶı󣬶ǸڶߣҶеĳǹ붼룬ȥ


530 ٩

ҶһǹɨȻɨ˸գæʶչȻͷϷһŮһϷʵĿԼ
ôɱ𣿡
ǸŮӣҹųڸٵӱʱ΢Цһڰա
ھ
Ҷﲻ𺧣ŮӾȻһھǿߣһںϵ
Ϊֻеȼɻ𣬽ڻڣȫڻųϣܹԦշС
ȿȣԭӣðˣˡçײˡҶｫǹȻӵΪܲϵĵ⣬Ĳ١
ӿ£貨ӣףϵʣҶ˷ƮƮ˵ζֻòʤ֡
Ǳð˲ǣڰУ̨һ֮ûɵĶԹŵϵʬ΢΢ҡͷ
ȻҲûɣҾͲ˵ˣ£ӹ֮һзգǾȡˡҶ΢΢һЦ
̸̨¸ţô£ڳ£С˵̨ɣСʵڲšĵ
Сֽ̨һЩϵ⣬ϣҪܾźą́ĿΪϸֳϣ֮ɫ
ﶮʲôɣ׶ףⲻǸѼϼ
Ǳ·׼ҶĴ𸴣²뿪ġ
ðɣﲻ˵ĵطǻǻط̸ɡϾҹųǺܽղŵĶСɲ뱻׷
лɫһϲ
Ҷһҧȡ˷ۣ˷ۣƷʯ
ϵ𣬷ͬһһ㣬۶ٶȿ쵽˼¡
ٰʮһӾǰζ鲻ģַټ۵ĿУҶ˷ܵĴС
ʼնɫƽûһ㾪ȵĸоҶҲòѹԼ˷ܣⱻ˿
Ʒʯֻάһӵʱ䣬һӵʱ䣬ɳһ·̣Ҳǰȫˡ
ͣڵϣҶЦŶԱӣʵ˵ɣҶһϲ̵ͨʵä
̫ˣ⼸ΪѰͻƵ㼣̤ǧɽˮƾֱȻд֮ˡʮֿ϶ĵ
ʲôƣҪСƶûˣҶﲻᣬûô˵ġ
Ƶ˼۷壬ֻҪٿһɾˣִ򲻹Ӳ
ȸ˵ðǺ˵˵˵ʲôɲҶЩĵ
ô˵ҪһŻ˵һˣһŭ֮°ˡ
֮ˣɷģʶôã֪ʵʧˡ
ҲŮӣӦòʲôˣõŵõıϡ
СҶӡҶһȭ
Ҷ
ԭ壬ձҶ֪С㣬ʲôҪЧ͵ģ
̾˿Сһ٣Ȼ޶ۣҲإﵽ۷壬ʱԲ
С÷֣СõٵδԲ覴ãдн٣ʼղһ
⼸СķһӸһѰֵֵĵ㲦
ռҶСһգȴܿСδ⾳֮У˵Сټ覴ãʶҶң
ĽҶ𾪵ԼӸʮ۷壬ʱ̤ɾǺεȵ츳
ǿߵ룬˼ҾȻǲͻƣֱץ
Ҷһ£֯һԣκ׷ûдô׷ȥ㽫Զ޷õ
Ķǿɫ˿䣬Ҷÿһ֡
Ϊ粻Ҷʮŵĵ
ΪΡ΢΢һ
˵ҲɣҾĶ˵ɡ˵껰ҶȡеīǹĳȡʽǳҵθڣҺ覴ã
˵껰Ҷｫеĳǹ׸۾Ҷ˵Ȼǹֽ
ոսסīǹȻɫ΢΢һæתץβ˻صش۵ļװϣĽ
ȫû뵽Ѳ۵ĺɫǹ˳أŶǿҪʹãܡ
ӣоǹΣҶʵ
Ʒʺ̫ܲˣʺҡҡͷ
ôͲˡҶЦ
Ŀһ
еУͲҲ˵ν߼߼ǣ
Ҷｫīǹȡأƽǰӿ֪ѳǹˮ
ˮôܡˣΪôܲĲһôܻˮ
һˮͲѳǹӿȥܣԿҶŵĵ
ʲôЦûˮǾ͹ˣʲôûˮ޷͵ġ
ǰǧ𣬴Զֻаٷ֮ʮŵžţԲﵽٷ֮һ١
ûǰٷ֮ˮƽθ޷ͣȻ磬ǵ϶ͨġ
ȻЩţīǹ۾ھӴīǹУȥ֪̽ڲһС
ûʲôһЩŵĿˮ
Ӿͨٵ֮Ҳ˵粻ھԵ
վۣǾҪǹڵЩˮȫ޳
Щˮȫ޳֪֮ǹô𣿡Ҷ
Щĵ
ֱһƬɢϸɳļ£ǻҶ￴ݼᶨĵ
ҶĻһһһѾ޴صĿϣһĿ֮¶֮ɫѵԼ׷Ĳڣ
һ𺧵ӣҶﲻҡͷһ磬ʵ
ʵ̫׷Էˣ츧֮ʱν˵⾳˲ٵҲһֵνȻô࣬ӣܹڵʱﵽ󣬲ܴﵽٺһڣ࣬޷졣
Ҷ󼸾仰ͬĺĳһ㣬ĶУĿ֮ȫǾϲ֮ɫ
ٺһڣ࣬޷족૵߶⼸仰ĿԽԽ˻һǰδеϢ˵ʥࡣ
лҶ㣬СϸһҶż
Ŀԣգһ˫ḧڹϣȪˮҶͷһһ㿹֮Ķ˲𣬾ʧ֮С


531 ʧ
һգɣȴҶԺоþòɢӰ
ҶһĴƣȻƳôǿһʦĳɾͱȻΪֲ̾Ϣ
ҶҲ𺧣ֱͨģԵУʤɱΰ
ȻɽݺᣬԼ·;²һ˳ˡ
û뵽Ƶû취һȻİӽ⿪Ľᣬӳװް覴á
ԼĸоУúĿߵҶǰ֣صһϹҶպɾͣǰݽҶͣ
ӻȡһֻƴСĹ٣ȥһģһȴʯ̶ɣΪ
ٵʲôѣɳִٵңӦ˵ĸ֣˵ļΪ֣ء
Ҷӹ٣ͷ˾Ͷлˣ£һģ
ҶﻹǺкøеģ˽޹أһΡ
ˣˣţҶĲ飬ȻǰӦúܿͿˣ
ЩζĿҶҶһ֮ȡһСС쳵
쳵һ̷֣Ŵǰƥųİɫ쳵ʧҶǰ
ƥȻǻģҿϢȻھޣھ޾ȻֻӺôͷ
ž
Ҷյһ¶ͷһǮ֪ʯˣôˡ
ȻҶＤĴ˸սԼô˶ˣڷʱԼɲ
Ȼ߳īߺڣϲҪģֻѧԽԽҪ
·̣ʱ䣬ͿԵԺˣҶͣ˽Ų
ͷųɣҪɻ𾳡Ҷ
ţɻûѡãôЩɻʵ
νɻ𾳣ָڵԪȫתΪԪʾĻ֮ȼԪת
ɻһǳҪĻڣѡɻΪҪΪɻԽǿ󣬶ԺеİԽ
Ժĵ£ͱһΪɻɽɻ϶ġ
ܶŽԺΪܹĻ棬ȼɻ𣬽ɻ𾳡
ҲɻСе̫֮ҶԼ뷨
ɣǸ棬Ȼ棬ûȵġѵ
֪Ȼڵ̫֮ǷǳģΪߣ̫֮ԽԽǿԺһγһ̫ҶԼڵС漫ġ
ɣѾȫƫйҲ֪ǶǴڰɡ̾˿
İɣҲǻԼǰ;ЦˣҸоôһǸȷѡɣ
Ҷ˵꣬񶯣һɼΪҶ壬ڵױͣھмת
ڣ
Ҷ֮ת֮ڵ̫֮ڵȼ
̫֮Ľ룬Ҷ֮еͬһ㱻ȼת߱֫ٺ
ɻΪ򵥣һֻͣҪ˿أȻת
ɻ𾳣һǿߣΪֻеȼɻ𣬲ȥԦʩչ
ҶȻһЩ仯ĵȫĲ֣ȻǸΪ
̫֮ȼɻǸ̫࣬һ潫ɻͳһ潫ɻջأγһѭ
龰Ҷϲ벻ЧԺ̫ԽԽǿҲζԼӵȡ
Ҷﻹ֣ʱСб֮ǰһֹһЩСѾʼֺ½ءɽˡ
ǳãҶоϲֱ֣֮ϲΪԺǿṩ˸Ǳ
Ѿɻ𾳣ҪǣȥѧõԼװС
ҶصԺոջصԼķ䣬ȻԼ
Ҷһ㶣벻˭ԼҶ˺ź󣬿һˣתתȥ
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Ҷ΢΢һദһʱ䣬֪ϳɳأټôŵʱ
Ҽ˵ﲻ˵ĵطشԼסѯľ
ԭǰյ¼ҵĽܺ˵Сʧ٣ѯǲ͵͵Ժ
̾ȥҴС㣬ȴ֪СѾչؿһˡ
ʱ䣬ʧٵĶʮǰ飬ǸʱСѾչˣʱϸԲϡ
ض϶ԲԺһæɱ¸һС㣬ǴСչڼ䣬˭ҲҴȥ
ķͬȹϵһ㣬Ȼ˵Ҷˣ͸æ
麯û˵ʲôʱʧٵģʧǰ﷢ʲôҶʵ
ʱ䣬Ѿʧٶʮˣڷʲôźûἰҡͷ
Ҷһ£Լպʮ죬ҲԼߵĵڰ¡
ХڲԺҶȻʵ
ߵĵڶ죬ХҲ˼٣˵ǻȥʡףδأòᡭ𾪵ĵ
ڻ֪׳յ̣ɳҲ֡Ҷһ
ɵģõˣʲôΣյģ¾ͲҪСˣһȥ׳պ«ʲôҩ˳ǰĶԹһһ£
˷֮Ҷﱾȥʦкģһ뵽Ǵͷ
ܵλʦ˸ƽҶĵϲѡ
俴ҶȻɻ𾳣ǾϲһƬҶ˵ʮʯá
ûаԥݸҶٿƷʯҶùá
ҶжѣʦŲǸϼһҶ
ңϻ쵰һ㶫ȫҶ࣬һëϰΡ
ҶԺ캣ǵķ򱼳˼ǧ󣬼ˣȡۡ
ԭ㲻ߵ·̷ɹȥߵ·ܹȥԽʡʱ䡣
¿˽ҶɴֱӷɹȥԭҪ߰·̣ڷ۵ļ£һʱ͵ˡ
¸ǧӺ׳ҲǳĬţǸ޵飬ͬ˪һ㣬һ仰Ҳ˵
Ҷĵǳһǧʵôˣ³أ
СڱչأһǽģС³ؽ㣬ȻسŵĺܺáҶػӦڵǧ飬ҶлЩ黳ģ˵Ȼô
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ҶôصҪȥķ俴һ£
Сӣ̫ˣҹ󺺣ҶûԼɵ߳ŭһֱֶҶ
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Ҷһȥһ󺺣ͬغ«һ㣬ײһǽ˳ȥ
ɻ𾳡ڵˣȫǴһ


532 ָ帮
ɻ𾳣
ڵˣȫǴһ
ȫ벻ҶȻɻ𾳣Ŷʱ䰡еٶҲֲ̫˰ɡ
󺺴ʱŭȫܹӦղҶһ˻ѾˣȻˡ
ɽ񣬶л顱һĴ󺺣ʱһȭ
ղͷϣƢ𱩣ŶҶ֣ʱҶ©һ֣۷Ҳ٣ϾǿΪ
ֱӵˣҶҲøУˣӲԼĿΪˣҲֵء
ļǰ¡ҶһȭǸԷһ̨¡
߰ɣһȥɡǧҶ
һԭķ䣬ܴ󣬳һŴ⣬ΧȫǸʽĲżдСڷŵ롣
һһߵĲżʱҶ￴е죬Ƭ̺ɵȻʧЦǸżԼ
üë۾񣬲żͷҲǰɫģżеֱѵȥȭͷЦ
ϲżϲֻЩżġǧ̾˿
ҶͷԼĲżԱߣһԼ΢һĲż
żӦǸŮӣͷüëˣ߻ڣӦûС
Ůżĸ첲ǸԼĲżһģͺһŮֱһ㡣
ҶĴһۣûκοԵĵطһжǹģһ˿ҵļ
ʧǰʲôҶʵ
ǧɫһû˵ҲˣЩȻصϣʱڼңҾͽȥòżܺÿˣǳķŭҸ˳ڶʧˣ
ѹ˿϶ÿҶﵭصĹУӦһٴǹལɣļǿԼ˽͵Ȼ򣡡
Щصͷ޵ҲãҼǺ³ضЩ£Ŷ˼䣬û뵽Ȼҳˣʲô⣬ҡҲˣ
Ҷҡͷûô򵥣ǸµĺӣȻЩҪǿҲǸʹȻһС뿪ĸһִܹ̹Ȼˣôܻɵҳߣ
˵ǧһ
ദ̫٣ܵҲܣ㲻˽ǻԶ䣬ԼҳߣܿǱ˽ˡҶ˫Ŀĵ
ʲôôӣҽС㣬֪һԴһĴ󺺣ȵ
νûмǰֻǱ˵ƣ˵߼еϣԼɣ
ҶĻظмĿҶһۣʱֱ꣬ÿǧףüΪࡣ
ϻ쵰Ҷ˵ˣ¸޹ءίǧ
ҶûǣʶչѰÿһ䣬ȻһżߣʰһԲ塣
Ҷﵱ飬ϱ߿Сǣе顣
ҶǸһĨ΢Цԭˣ
չܼң㹴ıС㣬ʵҶȻһȣͬ졣
СҲǱƲáչܼҺȻڵϣ󣬺Ȼѹһľ֮ɫ
ҶղһϺȣ̺ǿֱָ֮ģ͵ʦһƤëԸһžչܼң´ˡ
Ҷ¸ʱ򣬾͸оչܼҾͶЩ⣬Ϊޡ
ԭҶΪǷݵΪСԼʱµġ
ǵҶ˵ҳߣǱ˽ߵʱչܼҵԱȱ˿켸֡
˵һܼңôܱǧףСİȫһжչܼ⡣
ҶһŻ̹ʹ¶ţʱѾˡ
쵰ԭڰи
ŭһ־һ⣬չܼѪĩɣǴ󺺻һ˿ǣֱӽˡ
˵˭ָʹɵġǧҲ˫Ŀ֮вɱ⣬չܼףԲԼĳˣȻָʹ
СҲΣСȫҪЮŻ°չܼѪ˫Ŀֵĵ
ž
󺺣һǶ⣬㵽˭ָʹģǺúûش𣡡
Ҳ֪棬СʼûĿֻṩڵĶѣҲ֪С㲻ҾҲСġչܼҰ
ҶߵĹС㣬ʱӦ̹ף˳ߣ̰˱Ȼ㲻ٺôɣ
ûУûУûСչܼһֵĿҶƴҡͷ
ȥڲǴʱǧ˽չܼҴߡ
ǰӣǧ𲻽̾һѵԼ
Ǹô죿󺺣ûǧ𣬶Ҷ
Ҷ΢΢һЦİɣʱΣյģһ³ˣΪС㣬Ը⸶٣
ǧ΢΢һ㶣漴Ҷ˼صһУҵ
ãг仰Ҿͷˣһ˼ȫ帮Ҷ
ʲô˶һ֮俪սҪͱġ
˵ˣ帮˸ɵģǧȱ˸췴ӦĹؼ
Ҷͷ
֤ݣ¹ش󣬾ǧҲΪ
֤ݡ˵껰Ҷһеӣһףһǹ߿ţΪϲĶ
Ը񣬾ԲᶫҶȫһģᵥó
ֻһűûв´ĻСһﶨȻڱٳֵʱ򣬹ġ
ǽٳ֮ˣֻΪһߣûر⣬ҵ
Ҷû˵ǣΪǶ֪飬С֪Լ£Ҷһġ
飬ʲô˼أ帮ɵģҲӦöһŶ԰Щɻĵ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵СһųԽʵ̡飬Ǿ̫ˣôӵ벻עⶼѡ֮Խٳ֮ˣû飬ΪӣûаϵԲŻᱣ
飬θ帮йϵءЩ죬˳
ʮ˳ǣ帮٣Ҷﵭʵ
帮ڡô˵帮ɵˣ󺺾һ帮պǵ塣
ңǹҵСӣһЩԹһж߼ˡ˵ǣҶﲻеȣӦǸĶԹŶԡ
мɰաǧʵ
߳ɡҶ
߳ɣЩð˰ɣһǣҪ´ģЩԾĵ
Ҷʲôǲðյģξ˵˼ˣ
ʱҶ֮ǰ˵ģǧԸΪ٣ȻҲðա
ϼϱ帮ǧȻһҧݺݵһ֡


533 С˵
帮ʮ˳ʵ壬ھǧǿλھǿɽ߾ǧꡣ
帮ߴĳ¥ϣһͷϽڣۣ˫ĿУ˲ӡ
帮ĸҫ۷ǿߣ߶һ¸УһӻҵĹҫһɫĿΪҫ£ǹҫһܵܣΪҫ
ߣλɻǿؿǰȫǳ֮ɫ
ǧôĵӣȻְأ캣帮ǰĳʾ𣿡ҫǰǧ캣ǵǿߣŭ
ԼǰΧţһƣһֳࡢ㡢Ĵŭڡ
ҫҲ˵ϻŮ򡪡ǧغȵ
ǧǲǷˣŮҳ帮θɡҫЩŭɽҵĵ
ҳߵϢȻ¼˷ûв͸ǽܱ߼ǳأ˲֪
ҫı飬ǧһͻƾھǿߵֱҫûѣӦò֪¡
ھǿߣڵͨ磬һЩ鼫ΪУжһǷѲѡ
ҶаգǧʵϾϵʦֻһ־磬ô˽뿪أɲС
ϾǧǷפ캣ǣʵǧ㹻ɣϼҲվסŵĽڡ
˵ǹҽߣǧǻȥҲüͷ
ҫ̬ȣûף֣صҶϣõһȷеĿ϶
ˡҶ￴ǧҡҡͷгһϧ
ǧͷһ𣬸Ҫ˵ҶѾߵǰųͷϵĹҫȵѹХгһȻˣ
ҶƽĮǿ߶֮䣬ûа͸ޱȵš
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ǧп֮ʣҫ΢΢һ㶣һɻ𾳵İ׷վ˳һİס
ҼҹӣڽӼͣûʱ㡱ҫҶЦ
ҶǸһĨȵХСˣΪҶˣ㻹
⼸仰ͬ쳹Բһ̺֮˶ķ顣
ҶѪˣ˸񣬱Ϊð˸ʦͿΪΪˣ
ȻһԶԶӰڳͷһǹХһĿҶϸһĨЦ
ڹХߣһλӣüĿƷǷͬһѳϵУ˲ֱӡ
ȻΪֻɻ𾳣ɾڳھǿߣܹϸܵһ˿ѹ
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ǸΪӱȻ
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зѾаˣХнӴħ߾նɱһЩͽ׵ħ壬һֱ̿з˷ܲ١
ԭΪţһֱϼӿܣ֣޵еģһֱһλǿС
ǰȻյڵҪзţзԸԼҪ̾磬Ҳһڱ֤һԱзİȫǸŴӦз£˵ܿͿԻ
칭ХзȻҶĺͣų֣зһ۳µҶüͷһ壬ߵһССɻڣţ
Ҷ￴Ǹӣּ߹ХϸֵôЦԭˣ
ХҶػص磬ɲҪСŶһΪأ
ХĻڳϵȫһ˭Ҳ벻ӾȻǴ˵еš
𾪵ҪǧˣǶ֪ҶǱСȻأΪСİߡ
ţȻһţЩš
ҶԺϢûдߣХҲδ͸¶Ҷ顣
з΢΢һϸһҲǽһĨмһ޵ƶûеˣҲΪţ㲻ǸҿЦɣ
磬ȷʵţһԺԺΪʦʵǿ󡱹ХΪĵ
Ŷû뵽ƧģȻһţҿɲܴˡз۾һУǰȥ
ХзĶǸһĨЦݣҶҿôģ㲻ܺ㻹𣿵ʱɿ㡣
зϳͷһƮ˿䣬޵зʣ
治ţʵĳ̶ȼֱţȻԼԦһ˿ռ֮ǿֻеھǧӣ̾
Ѿ۷ǧ꣬һֱ޷ͻƣֻܿˡ
ϵĹҫŷзҪֹзǴκʧɲҳеǺ
磬İɣзʲôһɻڣ練ƣȥɡҫڵ
ҫ΢΢˹ҫһֿۣХɫ΢΢һһǹⰲŵİɣ
ХӭϹҫͬһĿ⣬һ˿ңæүү˵ʲô֪
ҫһ۾һ˿Ҳ֪֪ϰƨɸҲɾھȥǸѾͷʧ
үүûСХæ
ұ죬СǵС۶סңĿѾﵽˣ͸ϽҰƨɲɾһ˳һ鷳׳աҫȵ
үү֪ˣʧǡХʵʵĵ
ҫùХȥ뿪̫ע⣬ֻеͷ
ʱз˫̤ڵϣ˫ֺᱧǰؿҶҿţжˮ֣аɣ
зȻҶ﷢սǧȴһ۸˰
ҶŽɻ𾳣зѾɻڣȻͬΪţҶԴơ
һǲͬȼսģΪһսȻһܣô޵еľͻܵӰ죬пܾôˡ
ŶǸı˭ҲðգҪߵĿģΪ˱ⲻƽս
ҶȻûлߣǧ𾪵ͬʱҲŭ븲һš
Ҷ΢΢һЦϸһĨмߵǰ׳ôöôȥ


534 ıı
ǰ׳ôöôȥ
Ҷﲻмڳ˶ɫһ䣬з˫Ŀɱӿ
Ϊǿߣߵﶼһ㣬һЩǰǿߣҶʧ񣬺ܹ
Сӣ𣿡зƱ裬Ⱥۡ
зƣڳھǿߣһǹƾȻһ޷ƥеĸо
޵ƣֻţܹģǾʤĥ³ĸ֮
ûκԵֵһ壬ŶսǼΪԿġ
һԷ޵ᣬʵۣҲΪʲôϧһдȥˡ
Ҷ˿ǹƵӰ죬㱻˼˶֪㵽ţ𼶰׳գ
Ǻ
ָҶзصСӣԭûɱ㣬㳹׼ŭң첻ɱ㣬ҾͲУ
ʲôûϵֲҹܵ𣿡ҶﱻˣЦ
ȥ
зŭ֣һɹ⣬Ҷն䣬ǵɹ·ն˿ռ䣬˺һ졣
䣡
Ҷԭսĵطǵɹ⣬նһϸϸĿӣＸʮɣ
նһϣû캣ǵˣɻǿߣնϲҲҪˡ
зնһٶȼ죬ҶսεȷḻһҶѾ
ǧ˴һһлɱͬ׵ʵŵʵʵ̫ˡ
ɱңһ꣬Ҳ쵽ˡҶվԶһŻɫ
ûʦҵĶһͿԽҴ͵ʮ￪⣬ɱȥɣ
ҶеĻɫХзɫһѿ
һ漴ͷֻɾϵĴܣȻϡ٣ҶΪɾĵӣĶһ㶼֡
ҶҪܾͣҲסģз޵ȴ޿κΡ
зǰɣԺ͸ҶɣɴҶɣХ׳գ赶ɱˣҶôɱǸҵţһģҪඣݰݣ
ҶһЦҪеĶġ
Ҷѵ㲻Ҫ𣿡ҶҪߣХʱҶôˣһвǻΪӰ֮ѿڶ
Ȼ㡱Ҷɫһ䣬˫ĿɱⲻɵֵȻԤϣǹХ׿˵޵
Х˵ʲôҫһȵ
ХʱҶҪܣҲ˲ôˣҶҶҪǸߣϾͻһûʬ壡
쵰
ǧŭһХŮһë֮أ
ǧŭˣʣҲߣ帮̫ˣ׷׳
ž
ҫݺݵظ˹Хһ⣬ֱӽХɣҫȵСʧķô˵˵
ХһƳɣʱȫҶҶҪǸߣұ֤
ҫֱҪˣҫҼһţһưˡ
ҫڿУ˵ʲôûˣ취湭ХƨɲɾֻҪ֤ݣһҧҫ˵лػء
ǧɫ࣬ҪӲţȥҶһס
֪οҫǸϺôԸֻΣաҶ
ҶĻǧ侲٣ͶֲҹҲٰ취ǧôãҲ޲ߡ
Ǻáǧݺݵضһ½ţԼŮڱУȴް취ĸоǧļ١
İɣа취ҰɡҶ￴һǰз˫Ŀһ
͸ˣܳɹСŮǧǷһǧ֣صĵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦûлش𣬾㲻˵ҲģҪҪϷ
ҶųǽϵĹХչİ׳գΪҸһ׳գͻᱻеİ׳ɱٽɱڣһ޶֤˭ˣû֤ݣҲκβǣǰˣôɵİϷҶϵ벻ͨİ׳գôɻ𾳵ģԸ֮ŬһȺа׳գ
ҶŹХȴзһзףҶжóȻֻҶߣһʱҲҹ
Х벻ҶƵȥԼõһıȫ׷˲˵Ҷֲĵˡ
Ҷĳɳٶȣп־壬Ҷʱ
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ҪҸ׳վսҲѣֻҪ㽫ʦ巢ģҽܡҶĺȵ
ǧжҶԼ˶صж캣ǿ߶رˡ
һŵȥʵ̫ˣУҶıӰ˲ޱʥ
ХһԥĽôһȫ¶ˣҾΣˣҪܵ캣ǵĵӣܵƲãХҲûôɵһʱ˽ѡ
ХӦǹڤڱţҿ˭ҶԶǣзȵѾҶˣһɱҶʲôں
ХЩԥзŭŭȵХӦûУ
˵зϲɱ⣬ղŻֵʱȫһˣŵùХһ¡
ݺһҧãȥˣ
˵껰ХҴȥ쳣ѹ֣ûһ˵Ҵͬһѱýعңͷޱѹ֡
һʱ󣬹ХȥһС
һ֣帮˷һɧʧôõڳˣǧǼ˫Ŀͨ죬֣Щ
ԭͬһף㲣Ҳ࣬ۡ
硱յͷͿҶϲĴС
ХһۣһӣҶﶪСӣҪǸƭǣḶ۵ģ
߷ҶｫССסҶﱧţʱ§ҶﲱӴޡ
ҶСһĺ󱳰οˣһжˣȵ㸸ȥѵЩɵļһ㱨𣡡
͡Сһɵĵһͷܵǧߣ˵ʲôҲǧǧΪջ
Ҷ￴ųǽϵĹХǸһĨİɣҶһ˵㻰˵ߣ;Բߣ
˵еĶźХľ磬ֱХȥ


535 ŵĶԾ
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ХֽסǶ΢΢һ㶣漴ɫ΢΢һ䣬ŭ쵰Ƕ
׳գˣ˵ʲôʲôҸûǶҶﲻмЦǸŵϼһôܻĶ
˰ҶиûжХ۾һڣһѪ
ҶĶ񵱣һͨ˶ΪΪɾĵӣжҲϡ棬˲Ŷûעʶ١
ҶݵļΪ棬Ҳֻ¶һС֣ϱߵ·޴ӷֱ档
СӣҲʲôıңҾԲ뿪ġзгһڣָҶ˫Ŀ֮һƬ䡣
̫ˣĸ߰ʵȣҲ㶯֣Ϊ㣬Ǿ̫ģôɱңҾͳȫɣ
Ҷ˵ǳƽ͸ıһ㣬²𣬾ҳһ㡣
кȻһѺɫǹָڱīǹббָз
֮ܣ㿴ʲôţ
зһ潣һҶն䣬ٶ֮죬˲׽Ĺ켣

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ֲӿȥԲվסŲ캣ǵЩսʿ׷ױòͣˣǧҲԶ
˵ˣĸ߰û̵ģҿʲô׳𣿡
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䣡
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ҫҲǴһ벻Ҷص֮ĻʵΪˣº᲻롣
һԶҧгݵĹХҫףΪʲôҪĻǲЩˡ
벻㵽ʱм⿿çΪҿжǿ
зֺȻһɹ˸ΧĿռ䶼ʼ΢΢Ť
Сģӳ֣
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ֻɻΪзȻѾӳ֮ҿӿȵȻԼҪӾβæҶ
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ҲΪˣҶҲǲ䲻ȣҶֵ侲ǣ֪ǵС˼Ҷῴ
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ҲָܵӣϹۣĸ׳ģҶﲻߵ
ԵɣǷǣɱˣָӣҶﶼƣɱôסġ
Ҷ㲻ɽĹأɱ߳ǣɽ߾ÿ궼ݾȡԴ˵ˣǶһЩɽݣɱߣǧŻĵλǧ̾Ϣһ
ҶŻȻԭ߳ǿƷֹޣԭһЩĴߡ
Ҳѹ֣ʮ˳ǣϮģɸҰѳš
߾߳ǣܵս𲨼ˮȴ٣ʶûԸ
ݾƹӶƣøǰأþǳֵͬ˵ǧֻʱ
Ȼսϣǰǳضǣٸ
³һսǷ£Ҷʵ
޷¼㹻վסǵɣҲΣ帮߳ǣҲһĽ飬ǲҶҡǧ
Ҷ΢΢˵ͷǧеȻ뽫ӵԺνҺˣ˵Ҳкô
⡭ǧ𿴿еЩᣬ飬ǿص˵ͷ
Ҷİǧ𶼿УһжԵö࣬ɴʲôҲ˵ˡ
ܴڻڻ֮Уûʲô󰭣Ҷӹ
ʪҰԺûɡҶʵ
չأǲ̫õġŲԹĵ
һͰҺҶﲻ˵꣬һָ
ⷨ飬ҿС˫Ŀʣ棬ҲһɵĺòϣɡŲ漴һתĵ
ҶȫǱģ˼Сﻹڻأô˫Ŀʵģ޳ܵ־磬ҶҲͶˡ
Ǿ鷳ȥɣ͵³شСҶｫɫЩ԰׵СвһΡ
ţ㲻ȥŲʵ
ҶҡҡͷҲɻ𾳣һȶԺٻȥ
Ų΢΢һ£ڻһӣʲôҲûó
ҶǱĵ񣬹ŲЩεصԼҪСˣȥأȥһƱģ
˵껰ŲԱתʧǰ
ʱǧ˲һһɾûɢѹ⾫ϵѹҲ͸
Ų뿪ǧҶҶλзҪСˣзڤڵţΰ²ưոݵģ
ţɽ˵ǼΪѵõģһŸǷѾȥ
ţһ֮вʧܣһʧܣͻʧȥµ޵ơ
зˣһǰһԼ͵УʧܱȻΪħ
ҪȥħзɱҶУٲһˡ
ʧڤ˵ǲɳ֮أһ뾡취ҶãзҶɱģΨһһŵ;
ҶҲĵɽʵûκεԣзǽֶξͿԿ
һСĵġҶͷˣҾǸɼҵǿߣһؿ֮ˣ϶Ը㣬ҲᱳͱӣɲȰǷ캣ǰɣ
ҲʱҪǲˣϱȻ˽ûҪ˼ҴСЬ
ǧЦһµûô򵥣ǵһˣƨˣЩǣսֵ꣬ܣǸ᲻°
ҲĿԣһߣûݲŲ֧֣ҲôӴľӡ
Щ˶׷ţһѪһ𸺹ˣǿϰԼиԷսѣȷʵ᲻á
ҶҲεĵͷԼԼҲֻεصȻˣҪСˣ
˿帮ڣ˫۾г˿־;ηȻһֱԶ
帮ǿߣλڣλɻǿߣҶһڸˣŴһƬǽ壬סǡ
ô˶ſҶЩϰߣǧһȭˣҶﻹ£뿪ˣ
ǧҶͽ뿪帮Ǹ۰׷ıӰȴԶڳ˵УҶ֣ڿʼɽƬޱߵϿʼ춯
뿪帮Ҷֱħ߾ȥͨзһս֪Լ̰塪㡣
ԭǣԼɻ𲻹ǿΪҪǣϿ磬ԼľˣСŻٳɳ̫֮Żøǿ
ֻ̫֮ǿˣŻὫԴԴϵṩԼ嶼ٻʵ̫Σˡ
ҶվһɫĻɽۣ֮ǰһƬɵأһɱŰϢϵĴ
һƬսδսħѪҺȾˡ
Ҷ￴ԶӰ´£ǸһĨ΢Цһеīǹǰȥ


540 ħ
飡
ɫѪɽһ𾳵ħǿߺȻ£̳
ǹħǿߵʬջأҶüͷѾǻɱĵʮ߸ħǿˣôΪһ㶯ûУ
Ҷһ·ǰУɱ˲ħǿߣ£Ƕ٣ɷǲ֪ɱ˶٣ҶΪļΪоûС
⻹ΪȼɻΪĴ󲿷ˣΪйءûĻӦ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶡ֲãҸоΪûôӣɻ֮ǿ˼֣ԭˣ
漴΢΢һЦνĥ󿳲񹤣һֹȣСǿˣȻᷴԼһֳͶʣһжֵõġ
Ҷҷ̫ˣ½ûĹѾȫܹҵķΧδǺ°̾Ϣһ
û£һжδ֪Ĳ˼иоֻΨһܹԼǿķʽҶﵹν
˾ѹʲôûҶʵ
˵Ҳ֣˵ɽӦûḴһּŶԣǲ֪ΪʲôڻʲôҲ벻෴ģǲַӡβƣҼγδԸЩصĵ
벻ȻĽһʱ˶˳ĬκҶȻһЦ벻ͨͲҪȥˣ֪ģİɣǸǻǻ㲻Ȼ㲻ǾͿţ
ҶһЦţ̾Ϣ治֪ģҾȻЩжˣ
ˣʵˣڵ̫ˡҶǹǰȥ
θзĶսΣϴǾ֣ȻзС
Ҷܲ¾ʼ֮ͬδһܣһ֮УҲһ·ơ
ȻзõǷԼʵʹ÷Ҳ˼ұãҲһʵɵĺʲôƽ֮Ц
ȻҲоػһֱѹͬ׵ʤʽЩҪŬʵ
ȻΪ̫֮ȼɻ𣬲Žɻ𾳣Ҷһ㶼ڣ޵ľϲ
ڳɳԽʹԺʵԽǿǱ붼벻ģԽĿ࣬Ϊĸ
ǰ죬ɱ˰ʮ߸ɻħǿһڳڵǿߣһֽţŽնɱ
ҶȻڳҪ۷Ҫǿʮϣ⵹ԾС
Ϊν𾳣Ҳɻ𾳣ӦģֻǸԵĳƺͬս涼ǲ¡
ħǿǵͿֲǿе򣬼ԦγɵķҲ
Ҷ˵ħǿߺöԸһЩĶԺ䣬ҪЩķ
ϴڸзսʱʹ˼ĿһʼзʩչһַӦٶȱóٻ
ʮ׷ѲҶʹ壬ʮ׷ĳޣ¾㻻һھǿߣһϣҲֻ⡣
Ҷ½ʱ򣬾ϰǿѹԷڼɷ棬Ҳδо
ո̤𾳣ոյı׼ڻûʱԺȥѧֻʵ˵
λ̨
ҶΧûħ壬ͷһ߳˼һǰУȻһѡ
̧ͷһǰӰһŮװΪ
ӶǶʮ£ΪȴǳǿᣬɻϣǰǸŮӸɻ۷壬Ϣ΢΢ʱпͻھ
ڵǸŮӣͷ߸üۣ̣ͦ촽ԱһѽĳȥӢˬǳĿ
֪кηԸҶüͷ΢΢һ壬У뱻֪˼ҼȻڨˣӦԵ̫ûòҶﻹû߰Ǹ̶ȡ
Ů΢΢һЦ¹ǳ֮Ůٻ̨֪մ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣һμһŮӣ˺ˬû˿̬֮һȭҶ
Ҷ֣Ǹһħٻʵ
ħҶʱˣսвǿߣżɱħ塣
ħ˴һЩɢޣɱħǿߣħͷ­ȡѫһһЩҩʲô
ǰɡҶҲ֪ôشֻӳһģɵĻش
ǾǣǾͲǣʲôǰɡŮһݰӲɵ΢΢Ц
֮ǰǸӣʱ䣬ĿⶼͣڹٻϣĿ֮е͸İĽ֮⣬ӼҶ˵Щ
ʦ֣񡱹ٻһǸݰʦ֣΢΢ҶЩǸصʦԸֱҶ㲻Ҫ⡣СýסҶ֣ǼҶһˣ˴˴ǿħ帹أҶǷԸǶ飬һħ˴˼иӦСħķֲͼԸӰȫһЩ
ԭҶܾģһħֲͼ˫Ŀ΢΢һ΢ЦСΪ΢»λȰ
ݰӣϸһĨҪ˵ȴٻŵҶǫˣһ˾͸ħȻżΪֶβǣȻˣӭҶֵļ룡
˵껰ȻҶһֻ֣Ҷ΢΢һ㶣˴󷽵Ůӻǵһ
˾͸λ鷳ˡҶ΢΢һЦ΢΢һǣմ룬û˿ռ˵˼
ٻ΢΢һЦû⣬Ǹݰʦ֣ȴɫ΢΢һ䣬ҶУŭ֡
Ҷﲻ΢΢ҡͷҪǿϣħֲͼҲء
С㣬֪ܷ񽫸еķֲͼҿһ¡ҶﵹǷǳֱӡ
ߣ㵹ûԼˡʦǸڿˣõͲһǡ
ҶﲻһЦȻһ֮̾͸˲һƵˡ
ٻݺݵصʦһۣЦŶҶһССͼѣҶĿ
ҶӹٻнӹһƤϱļ¼һЩΣЩúɫıʼǱ˳ӦָΣ
Ҷֲ֣ͼʮ־׼ģɲҪ̫桱ٻѵ
Ҷͷźħķֲһɲģʱֱ䶯ɵΪħһֱʵʵԭز
Ƥٻ󣬹ٻƤպãʵҶ֣սԶһȽǿ󣿡
ɡҶһ㶵
Ժ˵ɲԺ߲ҪӸɣҪȷеĴ𰸣ź÷սʦ̲סˣŭ
ٻҲЩЦõĿԼҶЩεص𾳶ħԶǿһЩ
ǾͺãҸԶѹƣʦֺˣսڳڵħǿߣǻлɱġٻĵ
Ҷ΢΢һƲ죬ðɣ˵лᣬǾͿ϶лˣֻǸ̽·ѣȲȺ˵
ڹٻһ£ʦҪ˵ĿУҶ̾˿ħ帹ؽ


541 
Źٻһ·ǰʱħ岢ֻ࣬һڣǸʦֻ̧ɱһƵĿҶ
Ҷʲôûһ㣬ԶȻԹٻС㣬γ²Ϊħɣ
Ҷִ˻ٻЩĵ
ҶﵭصûǴӦСħ˵ħĻòѡ񡣿ǹС·ߣܿħҶĳѽ⣡
ߣţʱ뿪һ·һħ嶼ûɱʲôʸﱧԹ
ȹٻشɫʦֲڵһ·ҶһֶûЩ߷߲ƽ
ԭƾɻڵʵȥһ׷СӣС۶ԼҲ֣߲ѣʱպñ
Ҷ֣ǶԲ˵ûɱħ岢ҪĿģ̽һħ嶯̬ҲһҶּ¡ٻЩǸĵ
Ҷ΢΢ҡҡͷ޷ҶﲻСˣֻŪѣ
ٻôһ˵ҶҲĲ٣ŪķֲԺԼжҲǷǳġ
󣡡
ȻһХһͷħǿߣӵϴſѪڣֱǰһȥ
³ͻȻǸħٶȼ죬һӰ˸Ӧ
ǰ˴󺧣ҪѾˣȻҲһѪԺӣ֪Ҳͽ͵ģгֱħĿڣҪо
ۣ
һʸɹֱӴħǿߵͷ­軹ͷ­˲ը顣
еĳʱŲħǿߵĸУһѾǶ࣬ΪħǿѾ͸ˡ
ͻıʣЩֱǶħһɱǲͬʱŤͷҶ￴ȥ
ֻҶɫƽеĳǸһɵС¶һ㡣
Ҷ𳤹ȻղһҶ﷢ģ˿ٵĳ׼ȷѸķӳͷ
Ҷ֣л֮
ǰ˽ħǿߵĸгܵҶ߹һ
ҲһʱСӣŽҪģ͵ھԼ̫Ҷ΢΢һЦ
ٻĿ΢΢һͬʱһԵʦֺݺݵصһۣʦֶʱͬ˪ˡ
ҶĻеҶһŶӣŶӵ汣ϡ
Ҷ̬ȣʦֵΪԵЩƻŶЭͼԲŻᱻٻݺݵĵһۡ
Ҷֵļʵ壬֪ʦˣ̳ܽ˸ļٻ̾
ҪҵϸСԶأҶﵭصʪ磬ⶼѧģ
ٻʱһ㶣һ˾ʦˣҲƺȥš֮ģٻᵽ
Ҷ飬ֲ˵ѣϾû˸Լʦġ
ҶѧɲŰٻ΢΢еΣɵҲ֪˼Ҳ˵ʵ˸ӡ
ȹٻΣǸʦȴ·ʲôһ˾һ·ҲûжҶ
ղǸħ壬ô˹Ź֡ҶʵħҶﻹǵһ
ҶｫʶǰǸħڵ£ķӦҲѾǸˡ
ǸħǿߣΪӰħȻ󣬵ٶ죬óΣѶԸʦֽ͵
ʦֵ̬Ҷһ㶣ղı֣ʱȻеЩЦ
ȷʵӰħʵǿǹʽΪ죬һСһЩȻղǸħֻҧУϵľ綾ھǿҲֵסٻͷ
æͷղҶＰʱ֣һѾˣħ帹أһ֣пܻȫû
ȻҶɫ΢΢һ۾ǰ׼ս׼ɣӦǰӰħǰʲôʽǵٸ¶ˣ
ҶĻ˴һæ˳ҶĿ⿴ȥȻǰˣʮӰ߱
ħ׼ӭս
ٻЩħκ΢Щţæͳеĳ
ಣ
սеĳȣҶѾһɳһ磬Զһڵħǿֱӱһ顣
Ҷļʸϣûκηȴ̺ڵС֮ƻľˡ
ٻ΢΢һ漴ӦڲǷʱгʱͬ£һɳ
ļҲǳףļʸɫĹ󣬵һħǿߺǿ߶ʱͨѣһһ㡣
ٻһɵ򣬿ԽԷټϼʸĳ̼佫ħǿ顣
ٻ΢΢һҶǰѹܴ󣬲ԼҲ㶪
ҶʱҶѾһֻȡֻʸָתָһ㡣
ಣ
ʸͬʱɳֻһ죬ֱϮͬλǿߣ糤۾
ۣ
죬ħǿ߱ըѪļѪڣļֱ似
Щħǿߵĵ£ħǿ˿ں߻ĵ£Ҫض˳գۼ͵ǰ
վǰʦˣһӱʮħΧȻҶＸ䣬ʮħɻʣ¶ʮ𾳺ʮħ
ҶԶѹƣȥ֧Ԯǡٻħ嵽˽ǰǼѹ̫𳤹жһѱҲ˽սС
ʦȻƽʱҶЩȥս˿裬ηĳɱ
ЩħһɣΧҲһɣֱ۴׳쳣󣬹ʶΪħ
ƤĺɫƤһϼ룬һƷУˣǳѲ
һʼʦֵˣһӱôħΧʱЩӦΪǰóһ͸Ļڣǳͣɱʱ䲻ơ
ˣôħǿߣҲһͷƤ飬ۿҪɢʱһһƵʦæҵħǿߣһնɱ
ס
ٻһ߳гλӶɫѪɽݺᴩ²ɵ
Ҷﶼ΢΢ͷò˵ٻǸݽɫгϽǶȵ꣬вҪһ
˹ٻļ룬ʦֵд󶨣ս𽥽ء
սҶﲻ˵ѧԺʱ򣬴ѩ塢Ϸɵɱħ޵龰ԽĻʱ
ֻһں֪֪䣬һֵ븴ҲҪɳʱ㹻ǿˣſ԰һֵֻʵ㹻ǿ󣬲ȥѰˣ޲һӼЩˡ
ҶûмһԹսֻ˭Σյʱ򣬲һħ
𣡡
ȻһŭֲħһߴӰ֣ضŲͷ󾪡
ھħСģ


542 ħ
𣡡
ȻһŭֲħһߴӰ֣ضŲ˴󾪡
ھħСģ
ٻˣһǰһħɱֱӶǸھڵħȥ
ڳ֮УΪߣҲֻпǿӦһھħ˿һӲס
ھڵĶħٻһȭͷЯźХľ磬Źٻ
ɻܣ
ٻһ߳һ죬ǰγһ͸ơ
飡
ھħǿߵȭͷܺݺݵڹٻɻϣһ죬ɵɻܣ̱顣
ɻȻˣھħǿߵһȭҲ£ǧζ

ɻܵһȭٻа٣гھħǿߵĲն䡣

ھħǿֱһٻһնֱϣȻһײǸħֱϾȻһ˿ۼûС
ٻȴǿֱ۷飬еĳѳֲסɵд󺧡
΢΢һҧһɾгȻâǣȣۿɼһɫһ̳
ۣ
һιٻһնھħǿֱϣƿƤֱѪʹھħǿ߷һŭ
ͬʱ޴Ľڵһ壬һ˴ٻرԶ
˫ŸһأǸھħǿߵľ޴ȭͷѾǰæͦһ
æ䣬޷Уֱӱһȭɣ΢ЩǱվεʱѾһ˿Ѫ
ʦּ״æгƴնɱǰħȥӦ
ܰҶȻʦֶ
ʦҲ룬Ȼ
ԸΪ𣿡
ǻ˵𣿡ʦһ߹ȻЩӦҶﲻԶôԼߡ
Ǿˣһ֮㱧˹飡
ҶĻ˵꣬ûʦӦһֱץֱۡ
ʦֶʱһɴͬһ㣬źХľ磬ֱھħǿ߶ȥ
ûôأħǿ߾޴ͷ­ѾǰʦҲ룬ȫһͷ­
䣡
ھħǿƵĹٻǱˣȻһʹʲôݺݵײԴϣ񱻺ݺݵһӰ㣬Դ·Ƕת
ǹѣθոʧʱһɽܲݺݵնĲ֮ϡ
ۣ
޴ͷ­𣬺ɫѪͬȪһ㣬ɢܡ
ʦֻشӵ𣬻ûôµʱһһѱס
ʦ֣Ҫ𣿡ٻһмĿʦ֣˫Ŀ΢졣
ղѾƵûл֮ʱȻԼ֮ǰǶô޴ȻԼɻ۷壬Ǹھ̫ңԶˣȻԽսֱ쿪
Թ԰Ϊʱʦִһǰƣηնħǿߵͷ­Լļͷݺݵײͷϡ
ʦԼΪһǧѷĻᣬٻһնħǿߵҪһٽھħǿ߻ɱ
ʦ֣̫ˡٻıʦ֣ټǿŮˣǰҲҪһɿļȥ
ʦЩãȻĿŹٻȻתͷҶҶ͵͵һ´Ĵָ
ʦֲһ죬֪ԼЧģҲûЧⶼҶȫġ
ȻҶﲻὫ˵ȥģǼ˵ʱҲȫӦħ֪ߵ׷ʲô
ŻеˣʦҸҪεˣͬʱжҶҲŨŨĸм֮顣
ͷھħǿ߱նɱҶҲɵؽЩʣħһоյĶȹˡ
ϲλճɾҶЦǺǵ
ǹٻһ죬ŵøæ뿪ʦֵĻʦָæҶһȭлҶֳȫ
ôһ˵¶Ҷﲻа
Ȼٻ΢΢һ㶡ʲôȫ
˵Ǿ仰󣬼ҶＱæԼգ۾ʦֲԼĶ⡣
ʵ
ѹСѣʦħʦֲл᲻Ӣ۾Ҷæڵ
ٻȻûʲô˵һطһɵָղһսȻʱ伫̣ļ
ʦߵҶߣһҶҶ֣˴
ʦ˲ֻЩխѣܹΪô˵ҲһӣҶɴȫһ¡
޷ʦִϲ֮գСܺȱˮƾˡҶЦ
ļ󣬶ʼϢҶҲòװģĴʶȴɢ̽Χ
ʱ󣬴һָСһµղ̫ΣˣǽҪСˣ
æͷҶȻҲʲôҶʼСǰȥ
Ҷһ·ߣԼĵͼӡ֤һ£ħؽ
·̣ѾħǧҶﲻ֪ʲôҶﵹûʲôѹôһֱš
ֱ˵죬ǰһɽٻϺȻޱСĽϵϢĵɽȥ
ɽʱɽɽҶ΢΢һ
ֻ±ܼħǿߣƶԶвħǿƶ
ˣħڼᣬҪɽˣǰ̽ɽûа׼ȻҪԴʱҪѪɺˡٻЩصĵ
Ҷ΢һ£±ߵħǿߴаʮӣȥ͵ƵħӪزĲһ㡣
˶һ𾪣ֻҶɫʦֲ̾ҶֹȻո˵󣬹򶨣ҵ
Ҷ΢΢һҡͷ̽ģǸϽ¼һݰɣȥҲøȷĵоϣ
ٻͷҶСһЩҪ©һ˿͵⣬ƾȥϸǵΪ̽ھǿߣʦ㸺̽𾳣ʣµÿ̽һ飬Աһ£ҳ׵ˣ
ʹ̽飬ͳЩħǿߵΪһǳͿ顣
ʱʱ䣬ͳƳһΪɿݡ
ھħǿʮһİٰʮһǧ࣬£ʮ
ùٻɫˣôħǿߣһûзĻ½һƽ١
´ˡʦ΢΢һЦõôҪϢǴһ
ٻҲ΢΢һЦõôмֵϢȥȻԻٽȻЩٲҶֵһݡ˵껹Ҷһͷ
ҶﵭһЦȻ˵ǣʮ˳һɱ߳ǿĴڡɲָʲô˵ûʲôá
ٻҪк뿪Ȼһ̧ͷȻɫҰף˫Ų
ħ


543 ̫֮ı仯
˶æо֪ʲôʱͷϷһߣ˫ȥһ˳ħ
ƮڿеħȻҶɫһ䣬ħͷ­һȥ
һǸħһĽȻҶһɱѾԶԶ
ˣ
ٻʱľҶﲻ֪ͬħĿֲħĿֲΪսħڱ
໣
ԭħȻ뱬һŭֱҶߵɽͷ
ô죿
˾ʵŭһħû˲¡
ߣȥħҶ￴һħһħʬ塣
Ȼ֪ħĵϸҶղᵽħѪҺУɢһĲӦһһϢħϢҵλӡ
ҲһʦЩؿ˹ٻһۣһҧ
ϻˣֻӻȥҾ֣ץᣡ
˵ĻᣬҶħʬ壬ɽµһɱȥеħʬ߸һħǿߵע
ħǿǷ׷ŭȣҶһħ壬һȭħҳѪ
ľٶ׼ŭħ壬ħǿǴȣ˫Ŀ֮ȫǿ񱩵ɱ¾
ĿѾﵽҶȾܣ˫µĳһ۵ŭ̳ٱۡ
ǸϽ߰ɣҶѾħ壬ǸϿȥ֧Ԯһ˸æ
ٻҡҡͷûõģħ帹أһһأʱ̫ˣΪһ˿ħԿã
ٻĻһȫĬˣʦȭͷ߬𣬿ϧ֪Լʲô¶ˡ
䣡
ȻԶһ죬˸æ̧ͷȥֻһɫľ޴ʸͬһ磬ֱӹħ֮С
ħǵＸɵļʸһ󹵣һϵħȫ⡣
оȻһھĶħ߰˸𾳶ħһֱء
⡭
ٻȫˣ֮ǰ֪Ҷǿ󣬹ٻҶӣҲǸеҶﲻ򵥣ʱҶı֣ԶԶԳԤơ
һɻ𾳵Сӣһɱһھħ˵ȥֱҪ˵°͡
ٻȻĿһϸһĨˣҶǰЩ촫ϢһҶǿߣ帮ڤڵǿзָ𹭼ңԭ
ʱҲӦˣ˵һģһҳţ˭Խɱħʵ
ٻɻ۷ǿߣھħǰûл֤֮ʵھħʵжǿˡ
û뵽һ·ϸǵˣȻһ𼶵ţǼֱš
治ţؽȣ۷ʦ֮ǰһֱҶա
Ȼٻɫһ䣬æţ޾ħǿߣҲҪ䣬ǸϿȥȱϣü
Ȼ˵ţԽսʮھħ𾳶ħ֣֮ǱҶľ֮ǰȱ
䣡
ҶһֻɱһƬħʶԶٻѾ뿪ʱĲ١
һھħܲ£һô࣬һΧסǾΣˡ
Ҷһ·񱼣ͣػͷżǶħٶȲ죬һʱ׷Ҷ
ŷһ㣬һ߱һ߻ɱħǿ߷׷ױɱӴӿҶڡ
þûôˣҶӰѾ˷ܵҶԺ
ҪҲ񫣿Ҷûĵһֱվ˵ۡ
һȺħ׷ϣȫ裬һΧס군ˡ
˰ɣҳ̫벻̫ˡڨڨЦ
䣡
ҶںȻһڵС΢΢һе̫ԴһȦȼյĻȡ
̫ˣɻ𾳳ˣ
ҶһϲղСżĸı䣬еǳ˼Ȧ
̫֮ʢȣ·ʹ
۹Ȼȷ̫֮Ȼһ࣬ȥԺ̫֮𣬿²˰Щ̾ĵ
㵤ڵ磬ôЩ죬ƵġЩɻĵ
ȷһ߷ɱһžĻ
ȷҲһִܹܶԤδһǣҲԤġһµ
ԤδһǣļٵģҶﲻһ
Ȼģ˶ı족
ôûйҶЩ֡
йģûѣԤδڷϡ
ܶෲˣһİĻһȻ֣ᷢ߳ǰгֹʵǲΣһԤһľ磡
ɣΪʲôԤЩ޷쵽Ҷɻˡ
Ϊ֮£Υ֮ϣȻᱻų⣬ʶߣΪԽߣԽѣΪų̫ǿˡ
Ϊʲôоų⣿Ҷﲻʵ
޵ֲ¾ΪأӦòƬأȲᱻͬҲᱻų⣬һɽٵʱ򣬻ᱻٵ𡱾
ҶȻѹԼ˱̬ԭΪԼԽݣǴ˵е˰
Ժкܴ⣿ҶﲻЩǣų⣬ôԦ
ᣬΪʱȹ˻٣׽Һ֮ѾõƬصϿɣȫԷġ͵
ԭˣҶﲻҲ˼һƣȻ棬ԼҲʽڵˡ
ô˵ҶﰲĲ٣˾Ŀ϶Ͳٵˡ
ʵ̫ǿˣϰҪ군ˣһзͲŪɽôô
Ҷߴӣʼձһȫ룬вԷԽĻ
Լļ϶Ǵӷѧģŷһͷ˳ɫ޳ˣһգ˼֮ԽС
Ƽ
ҶһʱһƬħǿ߱ɱħǿߴӵİʮ򣬴ʱѾֻǧˡ
ǧħȴǾӢеľӢǸôͬ鵹£ȴûһħͣ½Ų
֮Ҳ˵˫Ŀֻ֮޾ɱ¾һͷͷֻ֪ɱ¾Ұޡ
ʱЩħҶֻʣٶħȻҶɫһ䡣
ΪǰһƬԨðɭϢ˸սȻ֪ԨʲôƾֱһԨ»ٲ
һͷʣٶħѾ嵽˽ǰĿ⣬ضҶ
һīǹУȻһһһοǰȥ


544 
ҶѾ·ˣгǹһ𣬴һз·һ
壡
ӰҶ󣬿Ҷôת޷ɺ壬ų⡣
⣬ɽķѹƵ̫Ϊ˳ڣ޷ɺ塣
һھħѾ˵ҶǰҶһȭҶﳤǹɨ
䣡
Ҷĳǹھħȭͷ֮ǰݺݵǶħ䣬ǸͬɽһĶħʱء
ã˲١ҶаοǸھħȻֻǳڣɵɱһھڵĶħǷ˲

ոջɱһħҶͬʱھħΧͬһֱۣҶݺ
ɨҶ
Ҷһгǹ⻪һʢǹӰȻ
ۣ
ɫѪ죬ǹӰʮɷԲķΧͷھħʱѪɡ
Ҷ΢΢һϲڷϰսɽһЧڻûϰսˡ
ۼһͷħгǹҲ룬ݺݶ䣬Ҷ벻ǣǸħǿޱȣһȭҶǹϣҶﱻɵľ롣
ǸħܣһȭͷҶĳǹҵϡãȴɹ赲ҶĲ
ںڣ
ҶһǸħħȣɢźɫĹһһ
ˣ
Ҷﱻ˵Ŀյħһ£ҶΧסҶһ
޷УҪͻôħķǷǳѵģߣҲûʱٻ
ΪٻҪһʱģȺѾ״̬ĶħԲġ
ۼһȺħԼΧлŶʮھħҶݺһҧ
ǹȻûȣͬһһ㣬Լ̫֮
̫֮ı֮žԵƿȨ߶̫֮󲿷ֳȡ˹ǹγһ
ɨҶ
汩ǣһ˲ַͣԲһ˵ըжħɡ
䣡
ڻⱬУը飬ոշɳͱֲĻȼճޡ
ʱɢȥҶµĴرճʯɢſֲĸ¡
ԭΧܼĶħճޣֻʮھħճ˽̿һ˿Ϣ
ҶﳤǹأڵĴϢţղһһڵ̫ǱήҲɢĻ棬Ҳôˡ
㻹湻ģԴһУ治СЩ̾
ûãһΣҪϢꡱҶﲻԹ
ⲻû취ֻʣһ룬ҪԱԼɡ
ҶȻϷɧǾ̫⣬ֻܸһ̫ɫеķˡ
ղһȻ󣬲Ҳֲ̫ˣҪָĻҲҪµʱ䡣
ߵʮڵϻðɢŽĶϢھħǰ
ʱǶѾ˴Ѿ͸ˣھħ̫ǿһʱ䣬ܿͿԻָ
ҶûǸģҲûǸǻָȻûҲڼ״̬
ۣ
Ҷĳǹ̴ھħͷ­һ֮󣬼ߵһǰִ̧ȥ
ھħɱӴӿҶڵСȻһ󼤵
䣡
СȻԭĵ̫һֱЩήңȻ䱬ΪǿҵĹâȵĻڶ𣬱֮ǰǿʮ
Сļ̫֮ıǿҶڵ̫֮˿ʼøӾ
ҶһЦڽɻڣڵһᴿӵǿ
֮˵ɻ߼ΪҪǾΪɻԽǿ󣬶ԪᴿİԽ
ɽ֮ߵգתΪԪԪһʣɻһ˿˿ضᴿ
ڵԪɻĴﵽ޹ͿԼ峹ڣھ
ɻ𾳵ǿߣԪתֻǾڽھԪ峹ںϣÿһϸԪ֮Ĳж
ɻһǳҪľ磬ɻѡĺãᴿЧԽߣΪﵽˣˮɣȻȻھ硣
ɻ𲻺ãôҪʱ䣬ȥɻ𲻶ϵᴿԪ
˿ڴɻ𾳣ھЩҪǧꡣ
ɻԴѳڸУΪʵеıϣ˭ҲģЩûʲôߣֻѡһͨɻʱȥᴿ
Ҷɻڣ̫֮ڱǿڵԪᴿżİ
Ȼ¾ƿֻҪɱ¾ˣй죬ڵԪôӵȻС˺ܶ࣬ϱϾûһǾģ¾ڡ
ҶͷȱݣһֱڸĽ·ߣȻ̫֮ȼԼԪ
ܺãڵɻǿȣȻɽ磬޷Žǰһ٣ӦøԺ޼ˡ
֪ɻҶʵ
֪ôʱ䣬żѧԺһЩϼһ̸۹ǵĵ棬һʮߣһͦӡش
Ҷ΢΢ҡҡͷȻѾѡ˾ͲҪȥˣЩһ·ȻԱҲ͸Ͽȥ۸񣬿Լ˻ˡ
˾մմϲ˾ʹͷɥȻѡ˾ͲҪڣȥЩû¡
ɱжħҶɻڣȣƣҲһɨ⡣
Ҫٲ뿪Ȼһһֱ۴ϸĴ֣ڻ谵ԨһβҶξסҪԨϡ
Ǹֵĳ֣ϢûаףޱȣҶ﷢ʱѾϵԨıԵϾҪȥˡ
ҶＸûǸ֣в󾪣⵽ʲôô֮

ĽҶīǹݺݵزϵʯ֮УղҶ߶̫֮ڻһ̵ʯ
ֱ۽ץųǹֹס壬ȥ⿪Ǹ֣ǸͬצӣϱϸС̣һôҲ򲻿
ԨһƬɢſֲϢҶһͷƤ飬ǸԽԽ󣬺񲻰ҶȥĲһ㡣
Ҷﲻдŭ浱ô۸ֱӿ壬ȡ
ҰĴָסҰˣ
Ҷ˵΢΢һһâǴֽǸ΢΢һ·ҪѣȴôҲ
ҶǷһЦظˣҶ˫ץųǹ˫һϾ·һɽһ㣬ѵǰһ

Ҷٵسǹǰ棬Ǵֽأ㣬һһǰ
Ҷÿǰһ˼֣ǸԨͱСࡣ
߳ʮɺҶѾҪôˣǸǰ
ֱӱʮǳĴֵ˾ͷһȻҶС


545 ħ
ҶﳶһӴߴɣԶԶȥһӤֻӤЩڡ
ӤӦӤ´ʱķŴ棬ϸĴ֡
ҶǸ޴Ӥһ˫۾˫Ŀ֮޾İҪȥһ㣬һۣͷֱð
СģħСҶԺг˾
ˣ
СĻ䣬ҶﻹûħʲôȻһǿ֮˷ԲǧҶûֱѹſ¡
Сӣ˱Ϣ¡Ǹ޴Ӥûжһ
Ǿ޴ӤĻ䣬ҶȻһ޷ֵҪĵ
ǹǿ֮ǰȻʼܿƵĲҶҧӲͦдŭȵʲôҲҶݣ
һĶȻǸӤһŭΪϡ
һ͸֮ڿлγɣҶҶʱ֮ѹסȻ޷ֿ
֡ҶＱæǵ֮Ϊǿ󣬻ûǰһʹҪ˺һ㡣
ħܣ
ȻҶǰһŮӰС죬СһţһɫĹâҶǰγһܡ
飡
֮Сħײһ𣬷һ죬߶ײбѿ
ħǸ޴ӤһȻСĳ֣һ
С컯һʮŮվҶߣҶϵѹʱ
磬û°ɣСеĵ
û£С죬ʲôʱôǿˡҶﲻʵ̫ˡ
ʱɱô໵ˣȡ˼ǶǿߣȻɳĿˡС΢΢һЦӾһаʹ
Ҷ벻ǣħȻ˿ֲôʱھͻָΪô̵ʱڳɳزֱš
磬ҪСģħһǿնǿڡСһصѵ
ԭħһִ˵еĹԼﵽʢʱնУһħ
ħǿһնǰҵʵ壬նµħ̥֮С
ʧʼߣնɱħɱʧȥԭ־ͻʧȥһм䣬š
оǼʹתɹΪǰļ䣬ǳǿ󣬺׸ħ̥ϣʧȥ壬ɢ
Ϊնħܹʶڵʱ䲢һʧܣͳĻ꣬ʧ֮䡣
ħֻڴ˵֮Уħڲ
СΪħΪмĿϳǰħ
죬ΪħħĻߣôԸɵһǱħ塱Ǹ޴Ӥȵ
СҡҡͷҲʲô塢ħ壬ֻ֪˭˺磬˭ҵĵˣ
ħͽΰħĳ裬Ҫɱ㡱Ǹ޴Ӥһŭ
һľУڿлֲۣѹն𶯡
磬ħ̫ǿˣǰȻǾǿߣǵвġС쿴ϵĻγɵľصĵ
С죬ܲܽסһҶ￴Ǹ޴Ӥ
ֻһĻӦû⣬ȣһҾͽӲסˡСЩǵ
ڵΪ൱ھȻڻ֮ϣǸħȣ󣬲ħһ壬ħϵĴڣħ壬żѹƣӦÿǿס
ҪǸħǳ˵ΣûһᣬҶôһʣʵʵش
ҶǿⰡˣһġջ󣬾Ҫˮһ㡣
Ҷû΢΢һ£ȻС죬һͽˣҵסһҾӦÿԸɵ
ǡСһ
İɣаաҶһСļˣ׼ˣ
ҶСĶԻ괫ԶǸħ˿֪еѾȫϣһ߶жŶ˿
иոһʱ̣ҶһֱǸ޴ħȥ
ԱҵӰ
İɣ
ħ߶Уû뵽ҶȻֱԼıҪ;תѾһֻܳСĿȥ
СɫأȻ˫ǰһӡǸӡ֣ıȻ˳һ͸
ǾϮСеӡһ䣬н߳
ħն
С챳һԳＸʮɵ͸Ȼͬ쵶ݺݵײǾ֮ϡ
䣡
ǿ֮ײһСɫ΢΢Щ԰ףǾлǱסˡ
Ҷ￴ȥʱҶѾħı壬˫벻ʮɡ
С
ħı壬ȥһɸߵӤһŭüĺȻһɳգۼ͵Ҷǰ
Ҷżһأǰ֮γɵĳҶ߷ɹֱڵϣӲĵ棬һ׵ĿӶ
Ǿ޴ӤҶܿˣ˫Ŀ֮гһ˿̼üнⲻϷɳ
ҶͻҴܣܿЩǰУȴԽ˷ܣȻԼ²û
ǿħǿ֮һ⣬ȫ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣǸħＫΪ̰ģѡһħΪתޣǸ޴Ӥ;֪
ħһɳĿֲħͼı󣬲һ㡣
Խǿ壬ɳԽȥˣӤ׶Ρ
ΪջԲòðǰɾ߽ȡ̲Լ
ħֵһطҪһΪƴĽ磬һȡ
ħҪȡǸָĵطǾս
ԭСͣܶȥûбһֱô󷢲ơ
ҶĽս״̬ѣ뽫ҶԨ֮С
û뵽ǵûаҶ˳廹Ӥ׶ΣΪС
ȫƾǿ֮ҶۿžҪͻƵǰ˻ҡ
ڵȴǰӤ壬һͻ顣
ȥħ磡
ħһǰȻһŴ֮ϣĻ棬ɢſֲĸ¡
ħҶ˫Ŀһ䣬֪ħһʲôˣԶսϣƵԼһȻԼŻɱħ
Ҷ۾һӱû죬ҧгݵĿǾ޴Ӥֱǰײȥ
Ǿ޴Ļ֮ǰ֮кȻһѶϽǰһն
ǻ֮ھǰһĤһ㣬ֱӱ˺һ󶴡
ʱҶ˫ĿҪˣеĳǹ𣬶Ӥݺȥ
飡
īǹصӤͷ­ϣ޴ǸߴɾħҲֱܲӱҷɼʮԶ
Ǿħ弫ΪͣȻֻͷϹһֱͬС
Ҷɫĳһͬһ磬žħȥ



546 Ϊ
Ҷŭһǰ޴ħӤ·𿴵ԶսϵǸħ˳Ȼɢǰľա
һʱҶ񱻵һ㣬˫Ŀͨ죬еīǹźХľ磬ħ
ۣ
Ǿħüĵ۾УĹ⽣ҶһһܹȥƵĽǰ
䣡
ħһҽУǱҶһǹɣһǹֱӳļͷѪɽӲǽļ顣
ǾħֻǳӤ׶Σ޷γЧķ깥ҶܿҶƵǰһʱ侪
飡
ٳˣ
飡
㲻Ǻ㵹Ǽ԰
飡
㺦ҸȻȻ룬
顭
ҶԽ˵ԽŭԽŭԽ󣬺Ѿ˿ĵزеĳǹݺݵسھħϡ
ѪɣǾħҽУҶʼߣ깥첻
ܣܲΪһҶ䣬ҪѸ첻
ҶȻȥʱȻоʹԳȻ˼Ϊŭйǰħϡ
һֱҶԳȻĴûʱƣ˼˿̹ĵʹ
ʹĿֻܿţ޷κȥߣҲûֵܹ
ҶػеīǹҲ֪˶ãȻһ죬еīǹڵϣĽ
ʱѹ֪ʲôʱʼԼĻѾѿ˫Ѫ죬ֱ۸ľʣҲסīǹŵڵϡ
ٿǰľħѾҳһ⣬õĵطֱڡ
Ǿħ屻ãԴѾΣϢ˥£żΪ΢͸޾־ίǡԩģ㡭˵ЩĲҸɵģ
Ǿħ϶ط˼ں󣬷·Ըͷһᰲĵ˹ȥ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ԶĿɿڴĿԼС죬ֿһ̯ľħһʱ䲻֪˵Щʲôã
ȻҶһ¶Ӧһ뿴ȥ޾գҶ·𿴵һ˫۾Լ

ҶȻɫ䣬Ǹ˫۾ǵ֮УǸ޴ײУ˫۾
˫۾ؿҶȻ֮ͫиֳһͼҶԺ֮Уһʹ·ͬǧСиһ㣬ҪҶȫն顣
䣡
Ҷʶڵľֳɱ壬һӾϷײǹϣҶʹʱʧ
ҶоһһͷԵСһѷסȻԶ˫۾΢΢һУһѶϢ
Ҵ£ɱҰסˣ
ȻҶо˫۾ȻʧˣҲֲסһƨڵϡ
䣡
ҶҪȻһӴ纣ҶӿҶɫ䣬ǹ̫Ӵˣڵܹյġ
ǹǰԼһǹǴ󺣣һӿڣὫһӳű
Ͽæ
İɣӦһϽһͬˮһ㣬󲿷˹ȥ
ȡ˾󲿷һֱֲҶ
ҶæתСգǹΪСõǹĳؿʼת
е̫Ǳһ㣬ߴɣȵĹâ档
ͬʱҶϢҲʼɻڣһ·ıǵ۷塣
۷ֻ΢ͣһ£Ҷڷһ죬ƣֱӽɻڡ
ҵ˺ڣһ·Ҷ󺧣ٳ˰ԪûᴿأҪǽھ군
쵰ͣҶĴУƴѹž磬ȫתС棬ȥЩӴ
СЩ򣬿ʼƣһ㣬ֲ֮֮УҲʼ
ǹӴ֧£ҶСڵʼϵĽ
ȥһʱҶƴѹ£ڽǹӴתƵСС
ǳȺ˸ɢһһ㡣
øˣ̫֮ҲǰδеǿҶӦһΪ
ãɻ۷壬ɵһһͻƵھҪˡ
ԪûᴿãͿʼںϣôΪԺͳ˶̣һʼܹϵ󣬵ǵ˺ڣȫˡ
û뵽ħǿ󣬿ǰһҲħǿߡЩµĵ
㱻㺦ˣֿʼˡҶŭղ̫ˡ
˭뵽أȻðһЩΣ棬ջͬ޴󰡡
벻ħǿҪ˯һʱ䣬֮
յЩҰǷӡԺ⿪ӡͿʹˡ
Ȱ㣬ͻɾԺʹãǹ̫Ӵɾ֮ǰܲסĵ
Ҷͷ仰Σɻ𾳺ھΪҪĻ硣
͸¥һֻд˵ػܽ¥⡣
ҶＸ䣬ȻһϢʧҶ֪һ￪ʼչˡ
žϣһâǵͼɢпֲĲ֪ӡڡ
˳ʶҶһ壬ȣ˵Ĵ洢һˮôھһ
ȵԳʱ֧ǿȵսԺǿߣҲõԪݽˡ
һ۵ϱħʬ壬ЩεһЦԼƢǹ𱬵ġ
ħÿһϸ˱ŰӣԩҲûʲôѹ
ʬЩףҶһ£ʬֱӵСе̫֮ϡ
Ǹʬ弫Ϊǿ󣬾̫֮˰ʱſʼڻ
ǸʬڻһҶ֮УҶ
Ҷ΢΢һĿܣȻϲķ֣Ȼڻӡ
ǰֻڳǿħʱ򣬲Żָоħһħ޵ĻҶҲԵһεӤҶûôصĿζʹյû뵽ľϲ
ȻӱȽϸ΢ԵЧãȴһķʽ
ϾԺħ򽻵ʱԽԽֶ࣬İǳܳԵǿħ壬Ϳˡ
ϲ磬ΪСҶֿĵĵ
ҶЦǿҲ㰡Ҷ͸Ϊˣ
ⶼǸ繦ͣ㽫Ǹħǰĸˣ˼ѾħءСޱ˷ܵĵ
ҶŴͣѹ˵ħ޵еĴڣҲ뽫Сٶʵֲ̫˰ɡ
С죬û뿪磬ȥˣҶȻʵ
СҡҡͷǸѪļ壬Ҫһ𣬸һСÿ춼ǳģ
Ҷů⣬СȻħҲħ壬Ҷʼնɿе
һС뿪Լħ壬ôҪСκǿصˣ¼˵Ѫ
СĻ࣬СЦ߰ɣʱҪسɷˣ
Ѿɻ۷ʱͻƣһֻ϶ɱСʵʵطԺѧϰ¡
Ҷո뿪ĵڶ죬ɱħطһˡ


547 ȵ
Ҷո뿪ĵڶ죬ɱħĵطһˡ˲Ǻֻܶ࣬ǧһǿеǿߡ
ҶĻػϳһЩˣΪȺǧ˵Ӱ
ǧһλɫ۵ߣ߿ȥʮ꣬뷢԰ףһΪΪֲ
ߵĿΪɢϢ΢΢Ť߷Բʮ֮ڣ޷
һλɾǿߣողɾй޷ƣɾΪûȫȶ
ٻ˵Ǹһλɻ𾳣Ǹߣصǽ壬һ𾪵ĵ
ߵһŮǹٻƴϻعǣͽԼһȫĸ׹ǳȥԮҶ
ô£Ҳٻ鼱֮£㽫¸үү
үүҶһλţ֮󣬻ټɱǵڹٻĴ¸
ʱΪ˸ʱ䣬Ƕ˴ͷۣħ帹غ󣬷һ·ʬ塣
һʼҶû쵽ʲôŷһ·ϵʬԽԽ࣬ȥħԽԽǿʱڽǾˡ
һ·ϸʬǧħѪȾ˴أһɫĹ·ӵԶ
ߵǴԨʱ򣬴֮һƬǽ壬Բﱻֲĸճʯ
ǽɾǿߣҲǴһٴθٻȷһ¡
үүôٻĻȷʵɻ𾳣˵ҶӦþǴ˵еǸˡٻæ
˵ʲôҶǧ˴һһ·ֻǱ֪ͨħڼᣬҪ֧Ԯǲû˵Ҷ£ʶ˿̴һ
ţ˵ԼͽҶͷѩףòǳӢڹٻߵʦֲڵ
ȷʵҶûˣ⡭ǧΧǽһƬЩǡ
Ȼһ·ٻʵʮھħΧţҲ
үүǲˡٻЩʵҶˣһӶᰲĵġ
˵ûϵǸߺȻһ˵·ɣˣ
Ⱥгһݵӣȥʮִ꣬ӻͳһ澵ӣطڵϣ˫ֽӡע澵֮С
·ɸʮˣеĿ쾵Ϊǿ󣬿Թ۲֮ǰһЩ飬һ֪ߵ
һʱȥˣ澵ӣȴû˿Ǹ·ɣȴͷϲ˺ˮ
ˣ̫أҵķ㡱·Щĵ
΢΢һΪ˽·ɵı£⻹ǵһ
£㡱һֻڳ·ɵıϣɾǿߵų·ɵӿ뾵֮С
ˣˡٻȻ˷ܵĴУ˸æ֮пȥֻһʵıӰһ뿪ˡ
ǸӰٻʦֶһۣһȻûп棬һϳҶﱳӰ
ôģЩصˣôģǿ
֪ҶǧеľʯǷˣͬʱжʡ
Ҷֻɻ𾳣û˳ҿӻûܵ˺ôŪģ
˶кģ˵ΪأǸ·ЩصصˣֲõĸоǻǱˣ
ʲô㿴Ϳ㵨ʲôʱôСˡЩͷĵԪ
·Σֻһҧߵͨӣʱ֮ǰ
΢΢һζȻһֻɱ⣬·ſռ˵ܲסĳ鿪
ۣ
ڳˣֻҪǿӵˣΪߵͣһѪ
ôǵʲôһѪ˴ͣг˿־塣
ƾӵĳ·ɣѾ˹ȥڳ鴤ɫʮʹ࣬·˶ħ֮С
߸æǳ·ɵüһ㣬·ɴʱ˫Ŀ֮ȫǿ־֮ɫ
һʱڳȫ˴ֻͣƾһ񣬾˿ֲǵʲôĴڰ
֮ǰ׷ʲôҶﾭʲôʲôҲûκ̾˿Ҷżܣûʸӣǧ𣬹ϲ˰
˵һĽĿǧҶ¼ҵĹϵѾ˽֪
ҶţֻҪ䣬ȻΪһǿߣĴܱӣγ²ˣ
ǸΪǸҶһµĽƣΪ˷ֹ˿ӡ
ϧ֪ǣǸǵᱣҶҶء
ˣʵڲҵǧæȭȴ˼
ҶʱͿ³ضĲͬҶΪ˾ΣգһԾȫԿҶǸ֮ˡ
Ȼ̰ͼʲô󣬲Ůչˣκǣˡ
ȻЩźȴҲҶ˾ηΪǸ˵
ʲôЦֻǸ޾յһ񣬾Ͳ˻ɢĺ̨˭Ҷ
ǿ߻صɽ߾ҶĴһӳΪ˴棬ɱ˲֪
Ҷ︲帮ңѾȫǵߣһǿļƹ帮
ǿҶ︲ǰ˵֮£ǳʵط߳ǵİš
Ҷ˺ɱ߳ǾȻǰδеŽᣬ⵹˶ûϵ
Ҷﲢ֪һУ֪ڳɱ߳ǵˣ֮ʢһʱ޶ʮ˳ӿ
뿪սҶһ·ûʹ÷ۣȫǲУʯǼΪģʡʡ
µ·;ϣҶһɮһ㣬һ·û˺һޣҲûܵ˺
˵ˣΪΪֱͣκһļ룬пͻơ
һգҶڻصԺŵӼҶæ˫Ŀ֮ȫǳ羴֮ɫ
ҶŪЩĪԺĵʲôʱôˣôһ㶼ϰߡ
Ժ㳡ʱԭֵĹ㳡ȻΪĳ֣һʱ䣬ѻȸš
˵ĿȫˢˢĿҶҶ̧ţ֪òˡ
찡ҿҶʦˣ
ҶʦǵĽǰЩӻһأ
ǸţɻڰɻҶʦָˣǿҶʦֵ񣬺ŶһŮӣ˫Ŀ֮ȫǳ֮ɫ
Щӵ˽ҶˣԼзս飬ѾԺ
ȻҶﵨӲСŵӻȵĿⶢţҲ亹ֱðæӿŲ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ҶҪߣиŮӣȻһߺ
Ҷʦ֣Ұ㣡
ǸŮӹһһը˹Ůӷ׷׸ߺ
ҶʦҲ㣡
Ҷʦ֣ǵģʲôҪӣ
һŮӵһߺһӽ˺ĿɿڴҶﶼƤֱ飬ݽӲ
Ҷʦ֣㲻ɣھУ㣬ѽѣ⡱ǸŮһߺһˤ
ҶоһתҪεĳ嶯ҲƵķɱֱԼĺ֮ء


548 Ӱ׷
ҶҲƵܻ˺ĵӵЩŮں߷׷ϣػںĵס
Ĩһ亹һԼסȥûߵſڣȻһСӰҶ
磡
СʱѾָ˽һ˻Ĵޣʮ
ҶһѱסСЦôﻹסϰ𣿡
ɵصͷҺϲ
Ȼϲˣ⼸춼ˣҴĴת
ҶȻһֻС㴩һɫȹǰͬʳ˼̻ӣ˿ȫ顣
ǺǣСӦ޾ڣȳˣĻл棿ҶЦ
ણ
СҶһڣĵص磬ã
ҶﲻݸҪ˵ŶȻС˵꣬СʹˡСǹҶ㲻𣿡
˵껰СҶߣҪȥССŵøϿӳҶĻҶĺߡ
һһСŮΧҶתתȥֻĺϷʱرЦ
ֹˣŽ뷿䣬СˣҪȥϢֻʣҶСˡ
һʱ˶˵С͵͵ҶһۣллҶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦôȻôˣ
Сȫ˵ˣҾôһãҵҪ㡭
Ҷ˴СĻС㣬֮ЩͲ˵ôˣãҲҵãΪ£Ҳ
Ҷ
СһĿˮЩʵ̫ˣ
ὫС㴵ƵϵˮȥһһֱôãԽԽã
Сҧ񴽣῿ҶļϣҶǳյϢиеޱȵİο
ҶĴطС˳ĳķ㣬ˣʲôʱصģ
СȻ뿪ҶĻϸһĨ㿴ڵΪ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ϸӦһ´СϢȻȵصھȻͻƵھ
ȻҶɫ΢΢һ䣬СظҶյ㲻õģҳ׵˷ΣİڵԪѾ޹ûκģ
˴СĻҶһСеٶʵ̫ˡ
ʦ˵ҵΪ֮ô죬ΪǰѹƵ̫ԲŻҲõġС㿴Ҷ
ҶŻȻ򣬴СΪ飬ЩһֱרֻܽΪѹס
һӡһ㣬һ⿪ΪȻһǧз֮Ҳ˳ˡ
㿴
Сһ죬ͨƵķγУҶ￴ǲǴСȡڸֵġ
ȻԺͷκΪһ壿ҶﲻһҪ֪һ߾磬ǸΪһ塣
Ƿǳ޵ģһ˵ܵõϿѾǳˡ
ҪΪһ壬ҪõļΣԸ鹲ͨʮѵġ
ΪҲģһΪһ壬ô빲һ
зսʱзʹõǿӣûизںһܹӵҲޡ
СȻܹںϷҲ˵СΪҲƾ跨Σ鷨ӳ
رͶԵֻǹͨΣȫˣԸںϣ
СЩֵĸŷΣ֮Ҹ֮ɫҵҪúƴ
ҶȻ򣬹ֲ÷λϿɴС㣬ΪСڷε˼
΢΢һЦȻһһģĪǰԼѷε͸С㣬СŻϧŻõεϿɡ
С㽲һ£ԼеľҶľҶԼħ΢˵һ¡
ϸ֮ͺϾܶǲ˵ģǸֲСŵġ
ԼбǣҶ֮˵ħ磬õһּΪɹŵΪǡ
ȻСҶＫΪΣûж©ٳĻɣҶкǸж
һСҶЩӣСһֱסģϰˣԺɴͲȥˡ
˵Сͨ죬ϾһŮǺΪġ
Ҷﲢûоʲô˵һ֣˵һҶ뿪סǰɾ
ɾԺΪҪĵطλںı࣬Ȼɾ󣬵Ǹ¥
Ҷһͨһ·£ɵľǰһš
һȥϵĶ첻ܶߣһҶеĺĵƣͰѴſûҶһۡ
źǰһÿʮɾֻһš
ҶߵǴŽǰʱ򣬾ͻԶǵſ֮ǰ߹Ĵžͻرա
Ҷ΢΢һЦķħҪɭϲ٣ֱ߹ʮţǰųһܡ
ϷŵĲ飬һǩҶ֪ɽɷļ¼ʽǩϵƣͻõϱߵǳķ㡣
ǩǺֻܶ࣬ٸҶһȥÿǩ±ߣһЩע⣬˵ɷĹܡ
ɷкܶ࣬гģһЩռʱ̣ԵмΪЧҶͱзʮ׷ģ壬Ѿˡ
˳࣬й࣬࣬ȵȣ⿴ЩɷĽܾҶﻨȥ˲ʱ䡣
Ӱ׷̡ҶȻǰһȻһǳɷ
ڷʱʱҶﻹǳСڶеõūӡ꼼ٴæ
ʱ꣬ɽȻ˹ڻҶҲ룬һְǸǩ֮ϡ
һӴϢҶԺ֮УӰ׷̵ܿͱҶסˡ
ǹϢĽ룬ҶǸһĨЦݣʳָָü֮ϡ
֮תü͸ָ֮ڣʳָָһƬҫ۵Ĺâ
ڣ
Ҷһָһ߷ɳֱײԶǽ֮ϣ̵ǽڷһζ
ٶ֮죬ϺѶܣȻ벻ȻҶﲻ̾
һ覴ãⲻֻҪ΢Ľһ£ࡣ
һ½ܣҶﲻҡҡͷֲһ㣬ԭ˼Ʒ
ɽɷΪ졢ءףÿһ׷ΪƷҶ￴һ£˽ƷɷղŵǸѾǸ߶˵ˡ
ҶһȦɷһ飬ֻʮ˽ƷɷĶƷ
вЩʧЩɷ඼̫ʺԼ̾һ׼뿪
ȻҶߴһϵСӣˣϽΪʦһƱҪ


549 ֱ
ҶŲԵéʱͷȻǰڷһСӣϱ߷˼Сˣ꣬Ա߻һͰơ
ĳҶЩתʵʪпҪд
Ϲ˵ʦͽˣΪʦþòˣʦͽ˺һ
Ų˵껰Ҷ£ӶҺһݸҶ
ҶæֹʪҺܲϰߣʲô»ǰ˵һ°ɣ
̫˽ŲˣôܻԵ޹˺ȾƣȻʲôè塣
˵ʲôأΪʦǸӷ磬һϲ𣬶أϲɻ۷壬ָ̤տɴŲЦĺܴ顣
Ҷһŵı飬֪϶ƲסæĿڵأʦͽ֣һ
ȥ͵Ҷʵ
ɵô˵ôϴҲ͵ûǵĶŲЩյ
βһԺսʲôԺΪԺĵһˣĶʲô𣿡
Ҷæһ֡õõãʪԺһûаëǮϵ㻹˵İɣֵ
ǻһǵһˣǵһ˵ͽܣԺߵĵӣ
˵ȻҶĵĿԶûĻһ㣬֪СӲϵˣɵаСꡣ
˵ɣյ˾Ժս飬֮ԺͻԺӢӣԺһѺд裬ѾӦˡŲֻʵʵ˵
Ҷﵭصʲôϵ
ȻйϵˣΪҵĵӣȻҪսģʱһپ٣һ𡱹Ųʮĵ
ҶȻЦˣŹŲԺȻʵǾԺսǣ³ɣ
Ų￩һ£ɫһ㶼䣬صˣֻһѺд裬ΪԺӵʵս飬еѧ
Ź֣вмߣҲƣҶͷȻѺд裬ôһڶˣʱ򲻹ǣ
˵ҶҪ뿪ŲԲЩյصСӣʦսұʤ
Ҷﲻŭ㻹֪ʦ㵽ڣʲôô㵽ëû̸ң
ŲҲ΢΢һЦⲻǻûʱڼʹӦ˰ɣ
ôҶһ졣
ŲɫáΪԺӣһжûô춼Ǻôڵôһڲٶûˣ
Ҷٸ磬ûôԲܸɣʦԲܹš
ҶﲻΪŲԺȻҲգˣһһ
Ҷ۾΢΢һСص㲻һɣ
ƨ𣿾Բ͸ǸŮ޵ķβˡŲŭ
ҶʱϲЦտæݸŲһơʪȱ𣬵ⲻҲǽ
Ų΢΢һİɣΪʦӦ飬;ԲᷴڣһҪǸ˲У
ǸʲôΪҶʵ
۷šŲ΢΢һЦ
ûиҶﲻ
Ŷͬ޵еսϴλͬȼзѾֶξԽһţҪ衣
ܱΪţһʡ͵ĵƣοɻżĵȼݣԿԽǴ򲻹Ҷﶼݺݵͷһ٣ٿһ
ȿȣ֪ЩѶȣѲǲܣܷſɹ˵ӭѶϣȡһ·նֱɵ۷塱ŲԹ
ôúҲɣ㰮˭˭ȥҶ߷ߵĵɵӲŴӦء
治ȥ
Ҳȥ
Ų̾Ϣһ㲻ȥֻдԺѡһǿˣ˵³ǸѾͷǿѾڳڣֻܹˣ
ƨ뺦ôӮһ۷šҶﲻŭ
Сȷʵޣķκʵǿ󣬿ϾһŮӣΪ飬ܳһʱС
ڵһٳɳĽ׶Σ֣֮¶һĴ
Сз˼ţ˼һûҶŻŭҲ˼ɹŲԵݣֱӱ˴ֿڡ
ŲȻʱãһ㶼εصû취鰡˲ԸӱΣֻŮˣ
ҶڻعζˣͷڼԼͷĲҪҪǸҲսܸɵĳ
ıǹŲıҶԵģ޵Ҷ
ãҴӦǡҶҧгݵĵ
治ҹŲԵͽܣŲԹЦ۾һıóѺá
ʪ̫޳ˣҶڰΪʦˣʲôʱܴģʦŰɡҶεĵ
ŲҶļĳصˣҪżΪʦһжΪãԺͻˣ
ҾһûףѾˡҶڹŲԣǳʧȥġ
ѵΪʦУһλû𣿡Ųʵ
ʦ֮ǰҵǺڰ׵ġҶＫΪĿŹŲԵ
أ
ȫôˡҶ
Ųԡ
ֱϼһˣҶ鼫ƣ׼ȥɾڣʲôԼѧϰĶôҲҪװһԼĥǹҲãܱʲôǿ
СôˡŲɻĵ
߸ʲôӣҶûĵ
ȳԷ
Բ£Լ԰ɣСıҭ
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ѽʪһ˳ԷįͽɡҶȻһһܵŲߣָŲԽƵЦ
𰡣˵ԷҭҿɲðաŲĵ
û£ҭˣ뻹ͽܸղǡҶƤЦĵ
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Сӣǳ𣿡Ųŭ
ѽһָҾѧأҪȻô˼Ҷս˲ҪҲҲסǣҶЦ
Ҷ֪ͷԸԷǶͷȻ˷ѾĻԼսƾΪ˸ģҿ϶ͷҲǱ֮ǰ֮
ȻŲһһץסҶڿ˸Ժ֮ǧһɽ֮ڡ
ʦӻûԷءҶ
ŲһôңҪԷ𣿵ԱˣҪ
ϻ˵㲻һֱԹû̹㶫𣿽ҾʽһѧҪѧã²鰡ŲϺȻһĨЦ
Ҷ￩һ£ˣͷŭˣҪ˽
ˣ
ŲһͺȣȻ·һ΢ͬһ磬˵Ҷǰһֱֻ֣ץ˺ǰ


550 Ӱ
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ŲһͺȣȻ·һ΢ͬһ磬˵Ҷǰһֱֻ֣ץ˺
ٶ֮켲磬ҳ֮ǰŲأϥ̧ûаףƽƵҶǰһ㡣
ʹҶսľ飬ȷӦʱ򣬹ŲԵĴּѾҶĺҶﲻо
Ҳ룬ıһ㣬һͬʱֻصԼ䲻ݷ֮ʣܿ˹ŲԵһצ
ŲϸһĨ죬Ȼû뵽ҶȻ˿ٵķӳһУһھ£ֵû뵽Ҷܿˡ
ֻ̽ѣעˡŲԺȻʧһ㣬Ҷһ࣬һٿգȻתֱ£ֱӿҶļϡ
Ҷ̸еһ治ɵĴͬһצסһ㣬ʹϰ
ûҶﷴŲԴһ֣Ҷͬһɳһ㱻˦ɡ
䣡
Ҷֱײɽ֮ϣʮɸߵɽ£ѹײ˰ߣʯɢ䣬Ҷ
飡
ʯɣҶʯзɳ˫Ŀ֮ȵĹâʲô
ôۺ˰ɣҵ͵ȿȣһѧģӰٶһ£Ҹղʩչֻĵһؾ磬Ӱؾ磬ٺ١ŲԺٺһЦټ˵ȥˡ
Ҷѵһڿˮһؾ磬Ѿˣ˵ؾ磬ֱ
ʪϿҰɡҶЩȲˣһοͷô˳ۡ
ˣҪļ㿴Ų˵껰иһȭͷС׵ž죬ɢſ񱩵Ϣ
ӰҪڵһ˿֮޷УΪʦȽν֮յŲԺȻɵ͡
ʪ𣿡
Ҷָ֮䣬ֳһɫֻС
Ǹ쳣񱩣ƺʱҪһ㣬ֲѹȻΧռ䲻ͣĲ
㡭ôġŲԴһ
½ʱ򣬾Ѿ֪֮ΪʲôɽԺ󣬶ƿ˺ܶ࣬Ȼôֻٻһ㡱Ҷ￴е̾˿
ҶвǹŲȴз˾κˣΪϳҶ
кܶ࣬ҶеǾףǲܱƿصһ֡
־˭ܹƿҶƫƫˣŲһҶľ뵽ʲôǱ͡
ʪҵ֮Ӱ𣿡Ҷ￴еСС飬Щǵʵ
ȿȣǿ԰ɣȻ̫С˵㣬ðɡ˵ЩŲԼöͷкˣž˵ٻѹǷǳġ
Ųôһ˵Ҷеǰο٣Ͼ֮ˮƽ½ʱȣ߼˼ֱʮǧ
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˵껰ŲɫһԼüģӴĻָҶüһ㡣
ҶȻüһʹһɼΪӴģ糤һ㣬ԼԺ֮С
ҶӴеһͷǣҡҡλβˤڵϡ
˰ʱ䣬ӰȫϢ㳹׽ҶԺС
ҡҡλεҶŲгһĨ̾һھǿߣһӱôӴϢҲҪԼ졣
Ҷֻɻ𾳶ѣȻֻҡҡλһ󣬿ɼҶ֮Ѿǿ˺εȱ̬ĵز
㿴㣬֪ʶҡҡ׹ҡͷ룬ܲеϢŲɫһȵ
ҶԴģ֪ŲԵ˼ΪԼΪùŲԲæӺܿͺˣ
˵껰ҶæЩϢƬ̺ǹѣλʧͬʱԺгӰüɡ
ˣʼһת£ɣգŸʲô߰
ҶæŹŲģ֮ת͵£ͬʱתķȻһɣûһ㣬ŹŲԴߴ٣Ҳһ
顱һ졣
ϣСӣ·۾ŲԺȻűӣʹߵ
ԭҶղûעⷽһǰ֮ͬһΪǵͷҶͷݺݵײڹŲԵıϡ
˵ǹŲԣҶﶼײͷۻðǣҶȴ޾ľϲ
ղһ£ҶȻҵһֿռ䲨ֲȻ粻ͬȴһĹ֮ͬоԺ档
СӣɵЦʲôأϽҼŲԵɽϴŭ
ѧˣҶ±վɽϣҲûаȫˣղһ°ײˣҶͷʵ̫Ӳˡ
ҶæӦһǰķȻһֱӿɵľ룬ٶ֮ͬ˲һ㡣
Ų۾΢΢һУȻСܹӷһ·ɱȻۣԾ㹻ˡ
ûҶӰļ𣬾Ϊ¸ҶӰһжǰ׵ˡ
ӰѧϰʱҲʱ䣬ʱ䣬ڵڵ֮ˣҲһʱŽ·
ҶＸûʲôƾֱżɣŲԲип
ϴʹһŭȻӰô򵥾յģ㱼ȥһʲô

죬Ųӳʯ飬ڵСӣһڹм䣬һɽ±ϣ߼պһɡ
վм䣬һվǸУûͷӬһײʲôãԵеʱ𣿡Ųŭ
ҶҲԣһľ޷գô֮⣬ûʲôˡ
վŲԸǵĵطԶǸ㣬չһӰɳ
䣡
ҶӰͬһһ㣬ײɽ֮УɽһҡΡ
ɽǸοӶŲʱЦ˻ҶǱ˳ʱɫָֻ˸ղŵŭ⡣
ײϣײȺ;붼㲻ףѵԵеʱ׼ײ𣿡Ų
꣬ŲԻعζˣⲻԼԼ𣿸ղͱҶײ
ҶʱײЩκģԴ̫ʹʱһĳӰ֮УĻ뵽ŲǵС˼
䣡
Ҷײɽ֮ϣ࣬ͬʱҶڼž֮Ļ
ֱھŴεʱҶ˫ȵ̤ŲԻǸС֮УǸСӸպÿһ˫ţҶվ˿
ŲԭЦһȻôˣԼƻȫһ
ҶԼŲԵ㽫ͰɣʦҵֻξͳɹˣСҶΣԺѧǫ㣡
ŲĲ˵ֻ꣬Լ֪õΡ
С̫ˣʵڿȥˣԼɡ˵껰Ų͵͵Ĩһ亹ʧɽͷȥеˡ
ҶʼճӰľ֮У˹ŲԵĴڣͣӡ֤ţռ䲨֮Ƶʡ
ʱɿȥԺһӱԺ˵ˡ


551 Ժ
һԺ֣ΪԺӭһ󲨿ˡ
ԺеӶԺĺɽһԲľ̨
̨ƽɢǿѹ̨ǲɽ缫Ϊ̵껨ʯһɾǿߣϱս
ԺģҲΨһһ̨Ϊ̨Ա⣬̨̨ҲԺΪпĵط
Ҷһλɱ֮ܳʱϵ̨ڶθȥľȡ
֮ԭ쳣ҵԺǳͻأƽࡣ
ԭ֮һΪԴһΪѹȺۣɧǺ߾Ӷࡣ
ҶճһӸǹ˵ĹâѾʧȥģԺһƽࡣ
ԺĵһԺһЩֵߣʵ޷⣬˻϶ˡ
̨λɽ֮䣬ɽͳȻĹ̨һ߲ˣѹѹһƬ
һߣֻˣǰͷһλߣӣ˫Ŀ˫Ŀ֮ȫһ־ӸµĲм顣
һȺӣŮԺߵӴĿг˰Ȼơ
Ҷ͵õ֪ͨС㲢վµߣЩֺȺԴССֹǺ
С΢΢һ㶣ͷȷʵǿھǿߺܶ࣬ҶǸ֣
˵Ĳ˵ǿ˶۾ñǿ׿˵ı£ǳҶĵ
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СȻҶˣЩյĴҶһǣֵ̫ˣ˵˵žͱȥˣ
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ʦǸʪʲôͷ˽ⲻôŵҪҶȻʵ
ҶôڮԺСѵԺ֪ҪҶ
ɲ֪ҶԺĹϵ֪Ļ֤Ŀɿڴ˵
΢΢ҡҡͷŲԺʮǰȻԺģʱǰԺ֮УŽԺģģҲ
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Ȼ̨Ǹߣһߣͬ˶ףͷۻ
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̺ɵ򣬴˷Բ𣬼ơ
Сӻǲ֪ôˣǳסĿԵĻǲ
һ䣬ռһ󲨶͸¶ɷǵĹŲԣڰգ۷裬뷢ƮƮǳͿ
ҶһƲ̫ҪˣһӵȻεôãòȻ˵ġ
Ųԣϻ˵Ǹ˵ϻģǾһνǰĶԹһ˽ᡱߵ
Ȼͷ˵۾ŶԷҶȻϼһ깵ֻ֪ͨ˵ʲô
ƨռ˴ˡȻһˡ
㰮ɲңɹŲԵĵһյļơ
Ȼֿʼ˵ˣӦֿʼ깵ͨߵ˶һԻ
Ҷ￴һ죬һףвϧ׳գǸϲҪĶϣ㵹˰˱Ѫù
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Ȼڿһڣһ˿𣬸ǰͬʱϵһǣͺѺһ㡣
ѺϣǸƻʧ˶һۣȻЦ˫У¶һ˿ıóѵζ
ŲԣԼõģʮӮߵˣѡˣ
İɣǿͣѡ˰ɣԺžǡŲԵĵ
ãʮս˭ȳ˭ⶼ󡱹ŴȻһ֣һӣһ̨
ǫλԺľӢսλ̨ͽ̣
̨ĵӣȻһλھڵǿߣԺߵĵһ
һĶʵĵӣѵԺѾǿ
Լһ֣ԺߵɧǫǸһĨм
ºƿնһۣȻƽʱ˫ʱһ¶ˡ
ƿյһҵĵɣ
ƿնߵһʹһɫǸӶʱ⣬̨
Ժͽ̣
ǰ΢΢һȭһʱڣǸǫֻһЦûлһ˫۾ǳĿ
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ȥɣ
飡
ǫһȣһźݺĵﴦĽżڴʱϱһĨɫĺ⣬ӦɣڿһѪֱӻ˹ȥ
ڳԺӣһȻ벻ԺԺյȻһоͱ˻ˡ
Ҷɫ΢΢һúݵֶΣҶʶǿޱȣڵС磬Ѿݻˡ
ȻѾھǿߣ㵤ﱻ٣Ѿںһڳ׷ϵ
ʧȥС繩Ӧһû˷߿ȥûʲôҲܲˡ
Ҷû뵽Ǹǫݣ̨̤һ̣ѾĬĬڽ²壬֮ǰ⼤ŭһжС
ԭҶΪôǳֶΣκ˶ܿû뵽Ǹһ׳գȻô׾ϵˡ
ƿռæɳһѽסɫȻ䣬̨ϵǫŭֻһд裬Ϊ´˶֣
ǫмĿƿһ۵̫׳գԹ˭û𣿴Сʲô
ƿɫһҪ˵ŲԺȻڵ˵ûɽ棬һƿգô̵ӵ𣿡
ŲԵɫЩãǸȷʵ׳գôԵȻ
һжƿյΣƿĵӶˣŻĿһС
ƿպȻȷʵԼ̫ݵˣЩաƿ֪ˣ
Ժĵӣ̧ߣ˶ϧһǿߵ֮·ʹ˵ͷˡ
ǫֺĿԺһۣһĴָݺݵ±һȣ̨ȥԺĵɫǳѿ
ʵ̫ˣ̫ˡǫĶ˵Ķûʲô
ҶǸһĨЦɽİ׳࣬һССڣ͸ţҲԺŰɣһ߽֪ôġ
˼䣬Ȼһλӣһ̨ǰһȻһòŮӡ
ǸŲָ֮̊һ죬ָҶͷСӣ־̨


552 Сս
һŮҶﲻݸû֣ϵܺ⣬ЩЦá
ǸŮĶһӽ˵עеҶϣΪĿ
ôɵļҲ˼ʹѵΪ˶һ׳𣿡Ҷҡҡͷ
㡭쵰֣ҴսһǸŮɫͬһ˪һ㣬ŭɽҵ
㶼ǸˣûȤһս˵Ҷŵˣͱû֣ôˣ
ҶĻ˵̫¶ǣôСɫһ죬֣ݺݵҶһǣʹҶ졣
ڳеǣֹֽͿǸֺļˡ
Ҷʦ֣ģ㻹Ǳﶪˣ
Ҫ˲ʳ㿴ҳɲ
һʱԺߵеǣ׷׿ˮ磬Ůֱţתͷ
Ҷ۾΢΢һУֻһͷҵӣϥһ˿ϢҲûɢ
Ҷ￴ǸӵʱǸӦȻ¶һ˫۾ĿͬһҶ
ҶһԷĿ֮У̺֮Ȼôɱ֮ˡ
˫Ŀ֮Ͳ֣һΪǿ̳֮˵֮ײ
˶΢΢һͨղһײ˭Ҳû׬ˡ
Ҷų򣬵СʲôŮ˸㶼֮ءǸŮӺȻõʲôʾȻͬøһ㿪ʼҶ

ȻҶһͬ죬ҶȻվ𣬰׷۸˫Ŀ֮εɱֱŮȥ

ǸŮӺȻһҽУҶ֮޾ɱ⣬һ˲乥ݺݵײ֮Уؽȫ顣
ǸŮӵĻһӴҶۣû˿ŮвҲС
ҶĹʮͻȻǼһ֮սʱĿֲɱ⡣һڳ˶ˣ̨ǸŮ˫ֱͷֻ۾ѾΪһ׳ա
쵰͵ϮȻһȡ
ӣӱ죬ǸүǣıԣʹһЩϲֶ̨Ρүǣ͸ɴӵԹȥĻʹҷݺò¡Ҷ￴ص
һӲûˣʹͬ׵ǿУҲûмҽĶ̴

һֱֻҶϮյ;Уһָֻķˡ
Ҿ㣬ԺҪٸҷҷŲĿ
úúãСϷšҧгݵĵ
ž͵ţһӶѣһ㲻ɡҶһ
С͸ϵɴĿҶҶҸоҸ˻ŵĸоã
ҶὫСУЩҪ˵̫࣬һһӡ
ǸŮѾҶ˰׳գѾ׷飬ɾܣҲ޲ߡ
һʱԺߵĵӣҶӾηˣһЩŮӿҶӳԡ
˽Ų̊ղһǽ֣Ҷȱһߡ
˸ղŵ飬һӽ˫ŭȫ˳ԣе쳣ң˫ƴǱˡ
˫ʤ߶һλǿߣҲǸˣŸʱȥ˰˳ԡ
µοǣ˳ԣʤĳ˫սƽ֣һĴͽ֡
ԷҲͬһںڵǿߣԼΪ΢ƣ̨ѵؽƽ
Եʱ˵ģɤۣұսս
ȻһĸߴӣɢǰһҰһ㣬̨
̨̨Ϊ֮һֳһѳ˶صһ㡣
飡
Ľ˶ķ飬ȻΪأٿͣһһ㣬˿һ۾Щ
̨һսƱڳһ޷ֿĸо
š˷һΪǹ޵еƣֻŲž߱ġ
ԣСӣǸ󺺺ȻһϺȣһָҶ
Ҷ۾һУҪ̨ȻһֻסС˽Ұɣ
ҶɫЩص˼Ϊǿ󣬶żΪֲ裬ҵ㲻Ķ֣
С΢΢һЦҪС˼ңȥɣ
СĿƵĿҶȫڴ֮ɫڵҶĻش
Ҷ̾˿ЦǴϰ壬Ҫ˭ܵס㣡
СЩֵصһۣȻƮ貨һ㣬̨
Ժ³أͽ̡³һȣ裬Ŀ
ԼҶﲻ³ȻһεεŮӣɵдŭ
ˣ
ԻƱΧռ䶼ŲεƣΧۿ֮ˣѹ
ȻţʦΣˡԺ˷³زڳڣһںڵǿߣǸսʤġ
ȥ
һеɫĹâźХľ磬³صͷ䡣
³ؿǰԣȻжһѺɫڿߴΡ
кȻһͼտʼʱֻг³ƶǸͼ֮ʱǵ¼ٱֱײԡ
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䣡
ǵɷɵײԵϣһ죬̨һζ
ǵ±飬ԵĿֲҲԳһȫû뵽ŮӶڷ˸
ҶҲнһãС㲻ţս棬ųԱȼԡ
Сĸղһõֻ˽ƷСɵõһּ£ӳ˳ܱٵ
ҴСĽǶȣжϵһۣǴмƫϵĲλ
äһﱻԵͲܼУԲŻʤǿЧ
ҲһܵĿ³أȭͷʾ鼫Ƚš
ŲԺԼǸӣ鲻ԽһȻ³صı֣ǵ֮⡣
䣡
飡
ˣӣ
Էһŭ³ͬһƮ̣г裬ɹ磬ݺύŬôҲ岻³صߡ
³гͬ˿һ㣬ͣ赲ԣԿһȴʹѹҪѪ
ˣ첨
ŭһȻ׷³أ˫ϵļ߸¡еݺݵһҡ
䣡
һֲĲˣ˲ϯܣ³֮ǰֵõ谭׷ױ飬ޱǿĲ˲佫³ɡ


553 ŷ
䣡
һֲĲˣ˲ϯܣ³֮ǰõ谭׷ױ飬ޱǿĲһɲǼ佫³ɡ
Ҷ˴һԵһȻһؼǿķΧ˶޿ɶ㡣
ٶ׷³أϸǲʮǧòʹ
ȻȴǳЧֲĲһ½³زõȫ顣
³⧲֮£ֻһɴϮҪֵѾֻܴæǰһ߼֮ܡ
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³رһɴƷɣֱӷɳʮɵľ룬ͷϵĶҲɣ¶ա
ʤѩڷ裬ü΢棬ˮת֮΢΢һ˿ң˵ϧ
СĿ˼٣ʱڳˣСòˡ
벻ôƯ椣˱үˡԿ³صòһڿˮһָ
Ҷɫһ䣬쵰ᣬСҲŭһһ𣬿ֲĸ£ÿʼŤ
͹ŲԿ϶һĨЦݣŲԵЦݸ͵ۿһҶЦԽˡ
죡
³һ߳еĳһһɵĻһԳ
ȻҲɵȴͬһ㣬ƾˣټϿֲĸ£ɫһ䡣
Բҵ֮ǰ֮𣬺Ȼһеݺݵһײһ졣
һ͸ĹĻΧ³صĻΪǿǵĻǳ죬ŰȻκβ
һʱ˽³ؼӴǻԽǿ
Ҳһأȫע֮УάŹĻ
ͬһһ㣬عŹĻÿһײһ죬ǫ̃ͣĲ
Χսĵӣȫ𺧣ЩΪֻĵӣһμʶھǿߵĿֲ
¿³أɫ¶ϲЦݡ¶Ĳţɵ̶ֳȣʦհ
Ȼ˵գϵĵ֮ɫϹӶóƿտ³أֿҶֻȻ̾һ
ƿԭƾУΪ³غҶµӪһӳ׽ѹˡ
Ҷ￴ŴСӰǸһĨ΢ЦСȷʵţԸԼСţս棬ǳϡ
ϾŮӸ˲ͬ˹źöѪŻĴ棬Լ޵֮ˡ
ŮһûĻᣬСҲø͸˺ܶıʡ
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Ҷ㿴¶ʤ𣿡ºȻ
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Ļ䣬Ũüһɿֲڶ𣬻Ȼ
ǹϢΪ񱩣ڳͷ𣬾Ǳݺһӡ
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Ҷͫһоеڸǿ
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еһӣһɿֲԭ񹥻ĻȻһ顣
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³ҲǴһһأƮľ룬гָԡ
Ȼ˲ʶ̧٣͸ȥɣ
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һŷӰķᣬڿлͷ­߸̧𣬾ĸ߹
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Ϊߵĵӣǿǹƣض̨Ҫһʱ俴
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Ҷתʱ򣬾Ѿѣû뵽ҶһССɻ𾳣Ȼȵ
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ı죬ȻҶﾡеĳǹıӲײޱգпҶӲƴ
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Ҷı飬΢΢һЦ֪ʲôĻҲһȣȷʵǿǾ仰ңһ֪ʲôǾ
ɺȻ˫ֽӡɸߵľ޴ӰҲŽӡ˵ĶȻһģһ
ιŹֵӡ޴ӰУȻһֱʮɵԲ
ǸԲһ֣ڳеһʹһ㡣
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ҶǸһĨЦֻʳָָ£ᰴü֮ϡ


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ϾǸǻңԶֻҶǲܵһЩɢϢѣѾЩܲס
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˫ֵü֮ϣǿĻתҶޱ޼ʵʶȻͬ˹һ㣬졣
Ҷָӣһǣʶʶ̷ֳһ
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ҶһӰ׷״θ󣬵һʽʹá
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ֻû뵽׷̾Ȼ˿ֲԼǿܲæжϺͰڴˡ
ۼǹѾǰҶָǰָһâһ꣬һĺХֱӴ͸ǰľƲ˥ֱԶϻ΢Цľ޴Ӱ
䣡

һ󣬽һҽУҶӰ׷̣ǸԲֽӰ顣
ӰʱɷһĲҽУ˫ıͷȻżʹࡣ
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һ۾ͿԿҶʹõԺжټҵףһҶʽ֪Ҷʲô
ԭֽҶ£ԸαҲҶܵصĴ
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ȻҶﵯǵ֮⣬Ũȼеһֺ˵ĳ̶ȣ֮ƻŲԶһ
̨ϵ֮ȫɢԶЩսĵӣŸоͷһ壬ǿֲѹʧˡ
л̧ͷֻ̨Ҷ׷趯ս죬š
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һھԺĵǣҲ㿴ңҿ㣬һ仰Ҳ˵
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ҶȫָȲ˹ŲԵéǰ
ҶʱŲһʢľƲˣСãҶˣæͽʦȵ㣡
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ζ絶ҶһǺǾ븹֮ͬһŻһ㣬֫ٺҶеÿһϸޱ泩ͬʱȻ΢΢
һҶŲԵһЦôöɣǻ쵰ԶżеõĺöıأǴѪ
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Ҷ֪ŲǸϾƹȾǳԭãرԣԸȥɱ߽ޣȻһЩ
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Ǹ¼Ҷﲻһϻ쵰ֱˣ


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ƣ޷ƿء
ԭѹҶô޷һôһͷţע⣿һ
ҶﻹӽϿ꣬ȻҶ۾һæȡ󣬼ϣȻһۡ
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ϸպһö񾧣ϴħõģһֱõڡ
еᷢڰУȻ˵һ죬޴ϣ·𣬾Զ޸һ㣬ɢѹΧռ䲻ͣһâǰֲۣѹҶһͷƤ顣
Ҷһæе񾧿һ°ԭװȥͻԶ䰡
ղҶһ㣬ǵâɳǹļµѹʮаˡŻὫƽأ֪Ǹʱϼһ᲻һŭ֮°
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560 ֮
Ǹǵ帮ǰԼɱȴŲնһ۵ӣֱѾ³ؿҶ
Ϣ³ɫ԰ף˲ǸӣһҶǸϿȥҸף
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СȻһſǻĽкһ˵һӰǰǸֽؿһ󶴣ǧ
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¡ǧЩŵĿ³ء
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áӡޣþáûҵˡǧϣȻ¶һĨЦݡ
¶ã¶֪ˡ³رǧʵ
ǵãûչ˺ǡʱǧɫȻ΢һ㣬˵Ҳ˳˲١
龰³ظˣǻعⷵյ˼£͸֧壬ŻĶѡ
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³񴽲˫Ŀ֮ˮӿѾ˵ֻƴҡͷ
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ۣ
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ƫƫˣΪҶõȫһ˿򣬲Ԫ
Ȼ˵ļأԪɳ㣬һʱ˵ģʹͳҪˡ
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ҶÿһŶڳɷؿϣÿһŶóɷѪѪл顣
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Ҷÿһţضݼ֣ʮȥǴѾʮ
ߵɷѾûѪˣΪѪѾ¸ˣš
Ϊ֧תҶģ쵰ȥ
ôʱ䣬ҶؿڵǷŭɢһЩ壬ųɷĲӣСһ㣬˵档
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³ؿųɷ壬Ҫ˵ȻһܻСӣϿҳɼңȻ֮أ
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Ҷתͷˣһ˸еĳɷ峤ĺ񣬲ȳɷ
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̽飬ǲŸȷǸһˣһɾܡ
˼ŲԺȻɫһ䡰㡭
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ŲԣԺԺ㻹ͲԺ𣿡˺ݺݵĵ
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һ·ռ䶼пˣֱҶȥ֮ǰǵ
Ҷͷɽ磬һз򶼱ѹƣֻŷϷܹʩչô˿ɽ߶
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˶Ժ֮£ѣֲѹԶԶԭѾ˳֮ңǿǣһȻĿ֮еӰ
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ԭ³ϴʹùһηκ󣬶ڷεˣ˲伤
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˿ף
³ضʱ⣬æ˿УѳҪʱ򣬽ɫ׷һΣһռ䲨³ʧԭء
³ѣҶﲻɵһԼ֮ǰɫ͸С㣬Σˡ
ԶڸӶսеĹŲԣȻǸһĨ΢ЦȻСǸѪжͽûմ
ĸǿߣ۵ûˣһۣͦеĳҶ
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ţôʱ͵ˣߣҲգˡ˫۾һգһʧˡ
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һ죬Զ£޴ĹʧˣһлָƽղŵһУһجһ㡣
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䣡
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䣡
Ҷ˫ȭ裬һ㣬һǻŭȫתΪɱ⣬Ĺ
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׹죬ҶܣͬʱаңѧӰĹܲ
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564 ʲôѪ
Ӱ׷̣
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Ҷһֱûʲôոշ˽䱸ʩչߴͨͣһ£׼ȻҶĹֲ
гһڣӭǵâһ죬ǹǺǿ
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ҶӰ׷ֻ̣һΣ깥ɱ֡
ǿȻûĹֲ֮֮Уһװ˸ըȻһ㣬ʹ޷ݡ
ʧһ̣ҶкȻһѾһֲĲ˲
ոջָһǣȻǰһâȻ𣬻ûӦѾǰ
飡
󷢳һâֱӹᴩأһϵдɽȫݻ١
ҶһѪ޴ķˣû뵽һȻ˿ֲ
ȻʶΣգܣϧˣӦһĸ̫ˣֻǱܹһ㡣
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Ҷ￴һе󣬰ڵѾѣȫϵˣһƷôûˡ
ҶﲻڣǸʵֲ̫ˣҪӰ׷̴ôһᣬĶ֡
ǲ࣬ɱڣǵڣΪˡ
ΪԽǵ˸߽׺ÿһС磬һԽĺ蹵̫ˡ
벻Ȼһ֡Ѿʧͷ­Ҳֻʣһ룬Ǹӻû
Ҷﲻһôǿ壬ˡ
û뵽һһССھУǲģһһ
Ǹ˵꣬һֻڿеķţȻüץһ۴Сľ״塣
ħѪ䣡
飡
һö壬ֲȼ˿п̻ķС
ö˵ѣǸ˲ȥӿе䣬Ҷ䣬ȻС켱æе
磬Сģ
ҶһȻǸǰõǸţȻҶ
СѣҶҲܵһɿֲвҶɫһ䣬æˡ
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ħѪ䵽ʲôô˰ԵҶʵ
ħѪ䣬һּΪֲһ£û˻ʹõģΪʲôѪ䣬һȾǾԼΪԼ˵ϣԷΪûߣҪھǷǳ򵥵ģǱɵĽ֡С͵
Се񣬾ǸӴüڳľ壬ǿߵı
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С죬֪𣿡Ҷʵ
һӴȺֻǸΪУħǣͨƺΪħһҡС͵Сħõഫм䡣
ħһңҶﲻͿˣɽеôΪأ
岻ͬǲ޷޵ͨÿһ壬϶һѪͨͨУջΪΪǿĴڣնɱǸˣİ׹⣬ѪͨÿһǿߣܹѪͨҪѪŨȺ͸츳ġСҶ˼͵
ҶﲻЦҡҡͷĸ㲻ǵΪλΪˣɱһأ
СҲ̾˿˭Ҳ㲻ս޾£˭Ҳ֪ʱսôġҲãҲãħҲãﶼôԷɱ¾Ѿ׵ظٹˣ˫ĳֻɱ¾Ϳ˭ʤߣ
ҶЦЦҲȻͱңɱ𣿡
ȻᣬԶᡱС֣صĵ
ô棬ǿЦġҶЦȴоůůģΣµһ֡
ʱҶ޷޸壬Ϣһ£ŻָһЩֽӵĳ
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תС棬һΪסˣаҲٻѽˡ
ԶĸԼһȭİˣڻָȻ˵̫أһʱ޷վ
Ҷͦƣվ⼸δսΨһջͷûˣԼҲһ䣬νǿѪ޹顣
ٲɱ̱ҪˣҶոһȻԶһ˶߼й
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û뵽ǣȻҶҿӻˣҲѪ߰ߣǸܲΪ
Ҷ˵һɱ㣬ҿӡзһȶҶ


565 ڤ
ȻһһץסзؿһܣȻʵСӣôһ
Ǹڤе̫ϳϣΪɾ۷壬ΪʮֽûóȻз֡
ΪзһзҶ˫Ŀ𣬿Ķ
Ǹ̫ϳȴһƬǽ壬ɢſֲѹǾɾǿ߲ŻˣȻһս
𾪵ǣǰɽƽˣ޷ôɵģɾҲ޷쵽
ҶԺзתǰΪȫʧ޷ʹȫ
СȫֵħѪ֣ҲڲҶǴɽˮĵزˡ
µһԺǿߣڹŲԵķԸ£Ѿ˵һǳأＫԶ
ҾˣλɾǿߣҲ޼£ҶǶıҲ벻һüƲ
Ǹ߼Ҷﲻ˵ȻзȥסҪпйŹ֣
зӦһϹŲЦݣߵҶصСӣԼģҴģ
Ҷһ벻ԼҲлƽһ죬һʱ֮ǰһֻ鷳ˡ
ҶĿԼз˫Ŀ֮ŭ緢帮ǰ˫۾˲ĥħ
ܹҪзȻһȣһ죬гһɹ⣬Ҷն䡣
Ҷûӳ֣޷ʹɰҸӲƴæһ㡣
ոһҶа⣬񲻹޷ת֮ǰӲƴ̫ã嶼ˣٶ½
飡
Ȼܿǵɹ⣬ǱԵ𵽣ع˳ȥ
벻㾹ȻˣзϲҶﱻһɣгһӳ
ҶﱻನɣոմӵǱһɹ⵽ʱԼٶȣҲˡ
еĳǰһǵɹҶײһҶʱѪɳ
зιڿҶĵϸȻ֪ΪʲôҶȷȷʵʵǼΪ
һأ嵽ҶǰɭһЦһֱֶҶĺץ䡣
Сӣһģ
ָոץסҶﲱӵ˲䣬ԭ˴ҶȻгֱӴзС
зȻɫһԭһʧˣЩŵĿԼС
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ĳֱӽз룬Ѫ䣬ȾҶ
зǰ۾ĴģЩţôݱ
˵з벻ɾǿҲ벻ΪȷʵоҶƭ˵ġ
ֻǺҶеǰѽΪǰѽûһһ
Ϊǲ֪ҶеĳԲûаȫƭˡ
ѹʱзѾնɱҶȻһӣѾ˷ۡ
С
λɾǿߴһ׷׳ֶҶ﹥ҶѾ˷ۣڿлһ⣬ԶȥǵĹȫˡ
ڤڵ̫ϳϣȻһӣٻһսλɾǿսҶķ׷ȥ
Ҷ˷ۣһֱһǻɱзþ۵ġ
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ΪҶȡ۵ʱ򣬶һ˿ħѪͬŭһϮ
Сһħ֮ȫԪתſֵħ֣һǲͱˣν֮ա
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ŷ۷ټۣҶаοȻҶɫ΢΢һ䣬˺ߵս
սȻٶϸҶһһֱûҲûбƲԶԶ׷
ǲİҶ﷢һߣٶһûʲôµˣһʱ䣬ֻҪʯã׷ġ
ȫٷУҶץʱϢȻ޷תǱֳżá
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ڤڵ̫ϳϺݺݵһսۼʼ׷Ҷ뷢
зڤ״ӣҲΪصˣǰЩΪѾһΡ
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ڼǰУҶȻǰԽԽտʼʱ򣬻ܿһЩĽӦһЩɡ
Ƿһ󣬾Ȼȫǻɽڤڵսظš
Ҷ֪Լ·ˣԼҲʶʲô·ֻҪħоˡ
ҹ䣬һͻᱻս룬ԷԶֶ̹ΣǾΣˡ
ŷ۷ɳֱۣʱҶɫڱˣΪһʮ顪ʯˡ
ǰ¸ʯģѾʣ²ʮţ㣬ٷɲһʱˡ
ҧŵսҶﲻȺ˵һȺôôʯ
ǰһƬһ޼ʵĴģһܱѵĵطҲ
ȻһҧȥֻԴУӱðˡ
ڤڵλɾǿߣҶﻹҪѰҶʯһֱݽߣ׷
ϣ㿴ٶȺһ㡱ȻһҶķۣϲĵ
˵ˡڤ̫ϳ۾һ
һʯˣСûطˡһЦ
С˷ʱ䣬ĥԵڤ̫ϳϺݺݵص
ȻϣһӺս۵ľһѾ֮ңˡ
֮ľԽԽҵУ˫ľѾǧϵһжԿ
䣡
׽ҶĥʱҲķϷһ죬һ˶Ĺâɳֱս
ڤڵ˴һû뵽ҶȻһ֣ҪܿѾˡ
飡
ٶɵսһǵâײڳͷϣһ죬˲㱻ɡ
ûȶâݺݵսǰ޴ֱӽսǰ٣Ѿ޷ˡ
ž
Ҷݺݵشһָڴ̫ˬˣǱñϵսһˬ
Ȼ۵ٶȿʼʱʯȻĹˣҶһһ·ǰ
ڤڵλǿߣȻҶ·ۣŭһҶ
СӣʬΣͷ֮ޣ


566 Ů
Ҷ·ۣһ޼ʵĴģȻ޷תĻָһֱӿԽʮľ룬ٶȼ죬һɳ۵̡
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ʱ䣬Ѿ۲˶ûг֣ȻҪ׽Ҷ
ȥǰ취Ҷָüϣ֮תһָ
ˣ
һռ𵴣ڤڵǿ߳һֻǼһ׹һһ䡣

˺ȻһУԺһʹӿеһһס
СģСӣ깥
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Ҷһ߷ɱһ߰лӰ׷ûĸ֮ʩչƽʱһ룬޷ӳЧ˺Ǵۿۡ
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ɶ񣡡
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ÿҶͷ׷̵ʱǶҪܿһٶȽ˲٣ȻʱκβҶ
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½Ҷͷţನʹ·ĿľҶ
ҶͬһϷˣһ㣬ͻһʱǱƫƫ޿κΣֻҧ񱼡
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һöȻݺһЩϲصҶ𣿡
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ڤڵλǿߣȻս΢΢һ㶣ڲһȺŮӣΪھֻеǰһɾڣзĲ١
ڤ̫һȰǲҪ£Ϸ顣
ʱҶڤǿ߶ͣ˽Ųͣڵϣ·ۣҶߣڤڵ̫ϳϵҶµĶˣܹ飡

ڤڵ̫ϳϺȻһȣøϻһֶֻ䡣
̾˿кȻһŹ٣һ

һ죬ңһεɳײڤ̫ϳϵһϡ
飡
һ죬ڤڵ̫ϳϣɫһ䣬˲ɳʮɵľ룬һĿ
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ڤȺ쵰ħʱ򿴲ǣԼս壬ȴ侮ʯȡҶͱһӻˡ
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ΪӸһ͸ӦǸŮӵĿ£ȻŮӵϢΪޣǸոնʱһ˲ɢĳƣеļ¡
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ҶﲻЩԳȺŮȣԼЩаˣŮţ뵽ǾŮ֮飬Բ
һ·Ҷθոһٵ;Ҷ
ҶԼоⶫǲ˼飬Լǧ㣬ǱԼûǴˣѾ쵰ͬھˡ
һ·ЩŮǳĶ£кܶ໰Ҷ֪ˣȥ
սһƬ֮з˰죬ǰһ޴󺣵ٵˡ


567 ٵ
Ҷһۿٵʱ򣬼ֱԼ۾ûһӡ
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ԶԶȥǸͲʲô죬һ޴Ĺ٣ڴ֮ϡ
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Ҷ﷢һŭ˫Ŀ֮Ͳֲ֣ɱԭĵգȻһɫ
󣿡
ԾĿգ૵صʦ˵ģĵӰܵҶӰ죬ôģ
Ҷŭһ¸ȫڤڵǵһӰǸܵϢ
䣡
Ҷ·һ죬ֱڤڴȥڤڴһƱ
ն
һʮɵɹУп˿ռҶﵱͷն䡣

Ҷһȣƽȭͷݺݵǵɹ֮ϣǵǿɹ⣬̱ĩ
£
ʯʱɫأҲ˼Լݣһ죬ָϣƣ໥֯һžҶȥ
䣡
ҶһȭžϣžΪͣûбƣٽҶס
ԶһҪ֣ȻҶ˫üӰһڡ
塪֣
һ𣬷ҡҷ
䣡
Ҷ׷裬һֱͬʱɫΧҶ
ԲĴڲͣĲϵʯ׷׸ƮܵĳǣȻ
ҶڼԽԽǿȻһ죬һҶΪģܷɢ
񱩵˾ŭһӿײڤڵĳǽϣǽĳǽĭһ㣬ֱӱ顣
ԭǽϵڤڵӣǹһ壬һ˲䱻Ʒɣһǽֱ̫ӱǹ˸
ʱʯ춼ɫ䣬һ𾪵ĿҶ£ǴûҶţֻССھȻԷӳ˿ֲ
ղŲõľûȿҶ壬ֱӱƸ˷ĩ
ԶűƣҶ𺧡
ѹʦ˵ˣҲֻţһʱ
ֻȥ֪٣Ҷ콾ֶ٣Ҷ棬ߵһ
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ʯ֮ɫжһѳתɽϵķ𣬶Ҷһն䡣
䣡
Ҷɫȭͷʯɽ֮ϣһ챬졣
Բһ𣬿ֱֲӽڤ˷棬ڤ̫ϳϺһɾǿֱûܱȫ
û˵ֵನڤڽᱻΪƽء
ڸղŵһУһЩܲĵӣ׷⣬ֲֿǾµֵܹġ
͸ղһֱڤڵĵɱһ룬ѪЩѹ
˵Ҷڤĵһ仰ʱףǸǷ軰
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ʯɫĿһԼľӪʮڤڣȻٳͷҪγѪ
СӣʬΣϷͲʯ죡
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ҶںȻһ죬ղһɱôڤڵӣӿȻɹͻƵھڡ
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Сģ
ʯһҶȻ˿æתȥ׷Ҷ
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ǸɾǿߣǳУֹ˹ನֻʣһڤڳ״ݻ١
û뵽ǣҶȻʯ죬ֱһʱŵˡ
æͦҶ﹥ȥԹأʶҶǿ󹥻ѾܹҶֻϣܹһʱ䣬ʯԻ
ˣҶȥֵĹе񽣣һն䡣
Ǹɾǿ߲ɵô󺧣ܾ˵Ĵ򷨰֮ǰǸɾģæתӡ

ʯȻŭһոҶһն䣬񽣴ųĽâֱӽǸɾǿն롣
ҶҲǰһ׳գ˶սô԰Լĺˣ
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ղһսһ±Ҷѹһ֮£һΪ޴ľŵô
һǸɾǿնɱҶ˿ֱͣԶڤ̫ϴϱȥ
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ʹ÷ܷ֮סҶһδ֪ɲ䣬Ȼɫһϲ
Ҷ￴Ǹ̫ϴϣʶ鿴һ£Լʯ죬ǸһĨ
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Ҷһֻüһ㣬ǿ֮ӿ룬һָһĹâֱӷɵڤ̫ϴϵǰ

ڤڵĴʱҶ깥ֶΣҪѾˡ
ǿֱʶʶоըһ㣬΢ָһʱ򣬸оԴһʹȻ˺ڰ֮С
һɱ̫ϴϺҶ΢һЩµĳǱˡ

гת֮Ÿո˵Լǰʯһն䡣
䣡
һμҵײûɾػײನ˷Բµڤܲ˲Ĩƽ
ʯˣԼľӪڤڣôˣͷڵѪ
ʱʯ˫۳ѪĿҶͷɱ⡣
ôˣڤڸԺʱ򣬲֪ûſҪ˷ʯ죬ҶǸһĨ
ԺʲôҲڤᲢۣʯ쿴Ҷ˫ĿĻ棬ȼտռ䡣
Щ߸ϵİ׳գ޻˵ѾˣæţҾȻȥˡҶﵭĻ˻ֵ
ԸҲɫŹ֣Ҷ˵ʽЩת䡣
㶼˼ŶˣȻ˼˵æš
ʯǲһͷӿȥҧгݵصڤŪң㻹ȥȥɣϷҪ꣬ѹ
ѽҸղѻʱѾ֪ˣһжǸ̫ϳϰġҲǺ֪ģ˵ˣҸ֮ĶԹҶﲻǲǷǵˣνԩԩ౨ʱˣȻѾ˵ˣҲˣǵɸΪ񲯡Ҷҡҡͷ
ƨȥ
ʯζҪըˣȥԼᱻܶԷʲôɣӪ˼ʮĻҵѾǲ֮ˡ
ٶ˵ϻгȻ֮иһɵľ޴ӰҶݺն䣬Ȼ˷֮
һʼǶҶ÷֮ΪͶڤѾûˣʯҲûа˼ˡ
ʯ췢֮һɲǣҶܵǰδеѹɾǿУӳֱ
ҵԪȫתȭͷϸǿϢһ𣬶ǰһȭ
䣡
ҶﵫһӴϮԼһɽײУĵɳȥ
˽µĴأķѣ޴ѷ죬﷽Բ
ҶһĨǱѪвɾڸȻ˾޴
ʯҶﻹҪԾղһ㾡ȫ֧䷨ǶԷȴֿȭĽ
ɷ⣡
ʯȻڿ㣬ڿз裬ء
Ҷʱûһ·ռһ㣬ܵ˼Ӱ졣
⣬ǷӡҶﲻһͻɷѲ
зʮ׷ӲģǾ壬˼ΣȴΧռ
ǸռǳĹŹ֣ճˮ˿Ҷһȴ޷ʩչ
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ҶﱻԼķ֣ʯнϷϸСѩƬһУҶＲ۶
ЩѩƬ壬ɵɵľ쳣
Ҷˮһ㣬жóٻҪЩǧѩƬ
䣡
ҶüóסǰǧѩƬѾҶǰͬһײҶϡ
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ȻֻǴƤû˼ǣҶѪǳǱرײɡ
ҶȻֻ˵Ƥˣʯ˫Ŀ΢΢һһпĳ
ʵ൱ǿߣһǰҪϴһУܹǿС
оͬʱӼᶨɱҶľģһɳֲ̫ˡ
˫Ŀһ䣬תɵѩƬγһһζҶȥһαһεĹģӺ
ԶҶﱻˣһҪȴҶ괫
ҿӦ
Ҷ￴ǰķѩ˫Ŀ΢΢һУԼյ̫ˣǹڹġ
е̫ȻһҶһ죬ΪģֲĻ棬ͬһ㣬˷ԲǧߴɵĻ磬Χһɡ
ͻıʣʯ춼ûӦֲĸ¾Ѿɡ
Ҷ̫֮ҲҶı֮ǿȺˣ̺֮Ʋɵ

ɵɵѩƬҶ̫֮һ˲䱻ȼճޡ

ʯ췢һҽУʹҶǿֲ̫֮յͷö
Ҷ̫֮ӵһ̣ҶԸоΧķӡҲճޣռظԭĲ
ʯǱص棬ȴɱյҽУһһ㡣
Ҷվڻ֮У˫ֵסüģֱʹӰ׷̣һ̣֮Ϣķȫ̫֮ʯ졣

⧲£ʯ췢һҽУҶ𾪵ǣȻֻһѣκ󣬺ܿͻָ
ʱʯ켫ΪǱͷѾճޣ·ǼƷϣȷűǱ
¶Ƥ̫֮˿Ѿ÷ڣɢζ
ʯʵ̫ˣҶĳҪˣҪҶĳ£ѵҪҳԿҶﳰ
̫֮Ӱ죬ųʯǰ̧־һն䡣
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ʯȫ̫֮һˣҶһʱûע⵽еҶ
ΪҶĻ֮У˵ʶ޷Խʯһ㣬ҶﵽʱҶĳѾռϡ
ʯ첻ܣҵ׼ΪҶһնļϣȻֻһӣûнֱնϡ
Ϊʯϵ·ҲǷıҶȻȫƿķ
Ҷһһʯ쾪˹һڻԪת˲ϻɱҶⱼȥ
Ҷ̫֮֮У̫ԿˣҪֲܿĸ£ҪҶ͵Ϯߣʵ̫ˡ
ҪɰҶĻ棬ȻСҶҶô׵ӳȥ
Ҷʯ첻һ̫֮ȥÿζʩչӰʯǰӵߡ
Ҷ̫֮УʯȻзǶԪļֻȥ̶ʮʱ䣬ԪԼʼЩˡ
ʱʯд󺧣ԪһľҪˡ

ҶִӻʯһȣȫһҶն䡣
ҶһҲһն˵ĳع죬˷׷ױˡ
ڻ߼Ϊ㣬ʯʱҶＸ赲Ѿ֪𺣵·ߡ
޾˿£ʱʯԪӲǱҶĥˡ
ۣ
ݽߵʯ죬Ҷͬè׽ϷУҶһնɱʯ͸޾ãͲңԼȻһھСС
һɾڵǿߣһôĸĥˡ


573 ݳ
Ҷ￴ŵڵϵʯ죬һĲԼĻ򣬿κá
ղŵһսȻһֱڰĵ̫֮Ϊ޴ڵֿ̫ʼήˡ
ɾڵǿ̫£ʯյֱǰû
ҶԼ̰壬ѧ̫٣սߣǱסˡ
ƾǿ㹻սʤʯ죬ʯһţ޴ʹ
ʯˣϧֻõһеɽӦıСУСȫռ֮С
Ҷߣ֮ǰ޵һѾΪһʬ壬̾һ
һжΪʲô
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˭֪أҲңұҪؼҵģӲҪɱңɲҰ
ҡҡͷҶ˿ּɱôˣһ㶼𣿡
ҶȻЦݵС㣬ҲһҾĶԶ󲻵㲻ң
Բҡæ
Ҫ˵ʲôԲҲͬǸŲͬĵע޷ԼĹԷҶҡͷ
˵;ͬ𣿡Щɵĵ
ֻڵﵽ£Żֵǻ·أԵĿ겻ͬնɽغϣֻߵ·ѡҶ
˫Ŀ֮һ˿صҶԽһľһĵ
𰡣޵ɱ¾֮ÿ첻ɱǿģʺ㣬﷢ôĶһһڤڵĵˣҲ뿪ɣ
Ҷ˵뿪ڤڣӽԺݵͼϣһʵԶʧˡ
ӳȥڤڵӣһӰڤڵĸϢʮ˳ǵÿһ䡣
֮УܶɳйǸȥ飬֤Ϣҥ
𾪣Ҳ˰ֳƿ죬һҹ֮ڤϽʵȫ𣬱һЩµȡ
ӴħҶ֣ݼ˲֪ӣҶ￴Լż
ԴڤڸӣȾһͷ׷ۣڴСٲȻΪһʱС
ЩǿǣоţȻûҶʲôڣǶҶ
䵱֪ҶǹŲԵͽʱŷ׷׾ӣҶжԶͶԶǧǡ
Ҷﲢ֪飬˶ĺ䶯֪Ҳûʱᡣ
ЩҶ߱ɱ߳ǣֻһԺһ˿ڴСϢûеõҶʼﲻ̤ʵ
С㻹һ·ŴСóǧԼۣ֮ȻĴ
ҴСոʧȥˣʱ̣Ȼ飬ҶмΪΡ
ҶȥҲǰ취ȥݿɣνУҲܹõһЩϢҲ˵ڵ㣬ݼ˲ʶ㵽ݱȻעǸʱСϢȻغϵġȰ
ҶһҲеҲûа취еİ취СѾһˣʲô⣬Լ¾ԼиӦŶԡ
ûӦ֤Сڻû£뵽ҶһɨǷϣ¶ɵЦݡ
ôҶʲôõ飿Ҷ΢ЦЩ죬ϾЩҶȹϵһ㣬١
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Ȼκ˼սֱݶȥ
ݹʮ˳ǣĺݳǣԲ󲿷ֶפ
һɱߣս²ϣʹߵó󣬶ڸֵҩɷȣż
гͻˣ˾ͻ˸˶ͻָǿĵ
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ĺڹݣɺܶû˿Ŀˣ˵չˣҲ˵ˡ
ɽߣԪ޵ģһ⣬ǾǳƿʱɹôԪͻ޵ģû
ڶγûгɹô޵Ԫͻ̵ֻʮ֮һ
λûɹô಻ᳬˣŷҵ棬Ѿʮûг֣ܶ²⣬Ҳݵġ
ݳǣŷ⣬һްԣŷҵʵ¡
ǾǳɼңɼݴƾãŷһҪԶĶ࣬һʼ֮ҲŲٵĦ
һЩСĦŷȺҲϣɼ̫ĹڣڸֳǸ䶯ʱ򣬻ᰲųɼҵЩ˰һЩְλ
翴ɼҸŷƽƽģɼҲǻҪŷҶŸɡ
Ϊ˸翴ɼʵŷҽаģΪϵһЩ档
ɼҲܻˣɱ߸漱ʱǶǳȥ֧ԮҲǸŷҼӡ
һ翴ҵĹϵֵĻеΣͲΪ֪ˡ
⣬Ҳݳиȣĺܶࡣ
ݳǵĴ󲿷ֲҵµģ˸ҹһ
һЩҵ忴٣Ƚ鷳Ķɴȥ
ϾԼ⣬ҲҪԲУԺɱ߸漱˭ȥ
ԷԲݣƼ£뻹Żƽû̫ݻƽȵķչ֮С
ƽıȴѪȣΪܶʵΪһЩС
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˵ĵطһкڰҶݵʱ򣬸ܵȴȫ⡣
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Ҷ֪ٵĵӣֵľ̤ͨ
ϴ£ҲһѰֵϵͻƣûմȾЩ׵Ķ
ҶﲻЩĵصӣҲ˰ɣȥ»ľ
΢΢һЦȻеشһ˿ŮƤûµģʦ˵ˣǳһУҲһ򣡡
Ҷͷʦдǻ֮ˣ˵ᣬʡ
ʦȴ˵Һúøѧлʱ·һŮһ֮ˡ
ҶﲻпЦѧʲôȥɱˣһŮһѸŵĹ٣Ĵˣ붼ЩЦ
ţȻǰһֻǰһľ¥պҶЩˣ˾¥һ¡


574 ģ
ҪˣȻһֻһҶļһİ
ѽҶֵܣɰ
Ҷһ㶣Լûʲô˰ͷһֻһʮͷӣĿԼ
ǸġŸԼһģһͷҲǰɫģȴһס
ǡҶﲻЩɵĵ
СҶô˲ʶȤǸЩĵ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ǳһҶﲻʵҶкιɣ
ֵ˲ǣʲôкιɣα֪ʡǸӲЩĵĿҶ
Ҷȫʺţôˣѵ˵¥ʲôزɡ
ǸϸҶһۣ񿴳ҶﲻαɣֵҶôСȻǹĵõˣ
ҶﲻɵŴͣһʱ䲻֪ôش𣬾ҲһŹֵĿǸӡ
ֵܣ㲻˼ҶǶİһϿɣ㲻ǲ뽻ĵðɡЩĵ
ҶﲻЩЦãվţעĿæһѽµл˵
ͶǶģߣݳڣģ߹ᣬģһʮˡ˵ʵֵܣҼôģߣһΪҲ˵Ҳռ˺ôı˰Ƶĵ
ȵȵȣʲôģ߹᣿Ҷʵ
ɣģ߹ᶼ֪СӲİɣģ߹ᣬҶˣһͷ֤Ҷﱾ˵һģһȾʦҩʦȾͷɫҿɹפ㿴ҵͷǲ˿˳ûκβУ
Ǹ˵껹ҶȥͷŪҶһ飬ԼĶŮͷһһ˵ͷЩƤ
ʱҶȻȻѹԼǵʱ򣬺ܶ˿ĿԼһۣе˿һۣҲһıġ
ǰԼðƻˣԼԭļƻһ˲仯ΪӰ
ҶЩĿҲһΣ˭뵽顣
ǸһչʾԼġ㷢ȻҶһʧæֵ𼱣ȻͷûҺãǳÿ¾һģ´ֻҪҸһװҸұ֤ԱҶﻹҪҶھģ
͡˵ȻŮҲ̲סЦ˳ҶﻹҶĻô˵ġ
Ǹʱ򣬲ע⵽Ȼ˫۷ŹֵаŮ㻨Ǯ˵ģҸװһΣһŮ䣬Ϳ϶Ҷˣ
طԼΪεֻھڣҶһ˸͸Ͳ˵͡ˡ
ҶﲻɫһӲԼģԼϸһˡ
ӴŶʮ꣬üĿ㣬񲻹һкһǲǵ˯ž֡
ҶﾪǣӾȻΪﵽ۷壬⵹û뵽
ֵܴҶһȭɫ
ŷһɣСɾˡŷɵǷǳɴ࣬ûаӡ
Ҷ˵ͷЦҵһλ֪ͬգָһֵͬԵ
ǻԵˣʲôŷʵ
ҶҶ
һ֪ҶءŷЩĵ
ҶҲЩһ˵˼ұӣεصҽҶ
ҶЦõı飬ӣ͵ЦƽһĻ¡
ٺ٣Ҷ֣˵㰡ģЩרҵҵˡѾϤˣŷɵҲôнˣֱӿʼҶˡ
˵·ɣȻõƷģһ۾˿Ǽðġ
˼Ҷʲôݣţڳڣնɱɾͬвˡ
ôԴôͨӣ㿴ҵģûƤ˿ģһֻɾǿߣʸ񴩡
ٿ㣬Ϲͺͺģ߶ãٿҵġŷֽĳ
ҶﾪȵǣѳξȻԼõǰѳΪƣϢ
ŷһûѾ߷£Ҷڶ񽣣Ȼ˵յһģһһ£˭Ҳ
֣ôǹɣĲ˵װߣҶѸ䱸ŷظ֤һڴĿҶ
ҶȻһ㶣Щصģ߹ᣬİɣ
ٺ٣ֹȻĿ羼СҾǹ᳤ŷЩȻ
Ҷﲻʵʲô
ҶеżҾ첻µزµˣȺף޾ĸо̫ĽˡŷɲЩ̾
Ҳ޾ΪʲôĽˣҶﲻЩ֡
ŷ̾˿㲻Ҽ˿̫Բڵģ
˵ŷЩį˫Ŀ֮гΣҲͬ顣
ʲôˣԼķգе˸ȥԣеϰ̾ѡ
˲̸ЩԵ֣ǺúúһŷȻɨ˵ĻȥתͷԸϲˡ
ŷĳͣٶȼ죬Ƭ̹ͱһѲǸӦȥ
ҶȻһʵŷֵܣȻˣضĿǳˣ˵һ³صŮӣ
ⲻϻ³Ҷĺ֪ڤȺ׽³أɱ³صʦҶŭ֮£һƽڤڸĨƽˣңҿû˵𣿡ŷЩ˵ĵȻҶ̤šҶۡרҵ̶ȣЩЩԡ
ҶﲻЩòԼʵȷʵЩ⣬ЦʣǴ֮ûϢ
ʵҶﲻЩͷʧǣŷҡҡͷԴԺҲ˰вûһ
һʱ伸˳ĬںܿƲ˾ˣŷǼΪ֮ˣһӲˣȫǼΪ䡣
ŷɸҶﵹ˾ƣƱ֣һʣһҾ㣡
ҶҲƳ٣ŷһһŷɻƣҶֹˡ
ҶСȡһͰҺЦǺȵþƣ
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˺ȵļΪˣ̲ס˼̱֮Ŀ򣬸Ҷţһ㲻ͬ
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һˣΪǿǸƣǺĻ
ŷҲǸӣϸһĨ󣬶ҶﴫǸһгɿգǸ۸αӣò˵츳ߣʮͳɾǿߣĲˣ
ҶһɼңǲǸԼĳɼ𣿲ӣȻǽԼŷһģˡ
үǿϧͲһ㣬ͿץסǸŮӸůˡΧڳɿߵһ֣һϧĵ
ǰҪǸηԲߡһҲ͵
ԭںȾƵҶȻɫһ䣬оƶһЩ
ŷҲҶ״ҶɫҲûѯʣǱ˵
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޷ѾˣӦܲԶѾȥ׷ˣıģû˿Զܹ׷١ɿ΢΢һЦĶһƷڴߣ⿴һŷɡ
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ŷɴһҶѣôҲҶ裬Լ飿
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ϵԽԽ˫ȿʼͣشɿյϵĺˮʼʡ
ʱߵļڷ˲ԣһҶ

Ҷ˱˻ƽɫֱֲۣɿնʱ
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һ죬Ҷеĳɿգ˱ݺݵЩϡ
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ŷɴʱһ𾪵ĿҶʱҶٻ˻ƽսͬһƽɵսһ㣬ɢ޵ƣӻ
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СӣҿǻˡȻһԶǷ׷ױá


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ϴǳɼҼɲ٣ΪɾڣǳɿյĸסŷɸҶﴫ
֪Ҷݣ͸ޱȵĳݣƺˡ
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ôĵӣϿ콫Ҷ£Ϸ顱ɲüëһȵ
Ҷ񿴰׳һųɲ٣ԼڱУȻǿᣬǶһȺ׳
벻ǳɷ壬ǳɺУ·вǵֶͨΣӦ˵ΨһֶΡ
ͺɽ綼ҵһû˸ΥԸԳĵ
Ҷûɼݳǵȷʵ߸ϣŷ⣬ǲκ˵ˣڶǲˡ
ϧҶҶǴвģųɲһ߸ϵı飬Ҷһġ
ɲǰɣ˵ܶ˶ΪżҶȻת
ɲΪҶˣЦϷݺĺ֮ʱ游ûأ˵֣Ϊ棿ʶĽҶˣҿһ棬ȡ
ȡȴҪҶǸһĨЦϷүү棬㻹˵㡣
Ұѻ˵꣬˶㣬Ϊ㶼ˣȻųһӣǺ֪㵽ʲôطҶﵭЦ
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ѽôɶѵ˵ӲİɣǽģҶһ𾪡ĵ

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Ϊţһǿʵȴ޷ӣҪûһ취
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ôһ˵ȻڤڵзԺɣȺҶɱ
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ҶҪôſϷŹҶʱĳɲٵû֮ǰôǿˣѾʼˡ
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ʱɿգѹסԼŭųɲٵףüϵ
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İ׳գ˵ĻֱԼҲɰ׳ˣɼҵĶ˭֪
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£ܶ˶ҡڵվ˳ɼҶñǿ׿˵ģܼǵǵݣԷĴ󵨵Ŀ
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֪ԼļѾСȫĿһ飬ҶĿޱҶֱӹѻꡣ
ҶԺиһ棬³رʮھǿ׷ɱǸУ³԰ףֱ˿ڣѪȾ½
ҲҶ۾һƬ죬һǿɱϯŵͨһڵϡ
С˵ʵ³С㣬Ǳ˾˰
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Ҷ￴ǸӰ㾪ʧΪǸʶǰԼߵҹϰӱ
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Ҷһ۾ͿӱȻˣȻû˵κλʹ³뿪
ҶһӱŲʶԼˣСһǷǳȫġ
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579 ɼ
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һгɿյͬʱ֮˳ŰɿյԺУһö룬ݺݴɿյϡ

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ԭһĳɲ٣Ȼɫ䣬æҪУϧѾˡ
ۼԼȫһֱӱԼͷȥŵĻɢһʵɿվһҲûˡ
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ҶָųЦΪֻа׳ղŻɵЦΪһ׳棬ܷܳǳɼôһѰ׳
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ŷ佫һժ¶һΪݵȮѾˣʲô飬ǲٹʣ
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580 
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ղһɤӣֱӽԲǧĨƽΪϵߣӦûӦͱˡ
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ԭ룬ҪҪɿշˣȻ³أ³ȡ뷨
ôﶯ֣Ҫӵ𣿡ҶȻһʳĹؼ
ǰ棬նءɲٽĵϾΨһĶӡ
ն𣬾ҲûˡЦһҶУͬһԹȥĳɿյ
棬㲻ܷնɲٺȻĵ
£նһطʱһۣǿǿߣնϴ꣬ˡЦ
Լ˵겻һ飬Ϊ֪ǿ֣߳³ɼһôĲƸʣ޼ˡ
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׾һϢĽģʽķʽÿһġ
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ǣһѭ򽥽ˮɷʽףĽǰѹƷǳСԶԺߵ·;ǳ
ķʽʺϴߣΪķʽ̫ˣûԸ˷ʱȡ
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ʱԼ۹⣬ͶأԼӵ츳̫˽ˡ
Ϊ̫˽ˣŲϣ˷һʱ䣬ƴС
ЧŶȴǳĲãŷԽԽ棬ԽԽС
۷Ѿˣȴٳ޷ͻһʱǳջ
ڹȥ˶̶һ죬Ȼͻɾп
֪ŷѵʱľı仯˸ĸ򣬲ŻȻȻĽɾ
ЦҲ΢΢һ㶣ûнϣһţҶ䡣
һɹתز¡ı죬ǵͬһ㣬ԶĹսߣɫ䡣
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ҶڼԽԽǿԶǿǣɫ䣬׷Զĵطȥ
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㣬ӣ
ҶռͷϵıˣһֽвĳɿգӸ˳Ц
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ʹǵ־ǰҪ֮ģºȻҶﵽʲôﰡ
ͬʱŷҹϵĴУŷ棬Զ૵صѹ޷̽ĹȥѾ𼶵ķ룬һ־硣ֻ֪Ӧ˶֮ˣӶ֮ˣӦ˶֮ˣҲͰˣǺߵĻ̫ˣɱ˶ǿߣۻˡ
ҶͳЦֻԣ˭ҲûռˣȻͬʱһȫ֮ϣͼԷɡ
˵ӣؿʼ˽µĴѸݣ˲串˷Բǧ
ԭսŷɣΪƵļӣΪǾ޿֮У̺Ŷ˿ֲҲܲȥ
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䣡
һ죬˶Էɣ˶ŶԷһԲ
ҶʱףԼʹɾ£޷ѹƶԷ
ϴϿŰɾڵʯ죬ΪϣӦÿԿɾڣ쿴͹ɾڵʵ
ɾÿһȼ̫ˣԶĳɲ٣ҶȻ棬ǱŷһжȻѹסˣȻһŷɳȥ
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Ҷ￴ǾУ۾һпϲȵľʱ򣬴һֱƣɢſֲѹǿÿռ䶼Ť
һһ磬ЦԺһͺȡС죬ڣ


581 ɼ֮
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ΪȻķ֣Լ嶯ˣһǿ꣬ڶжᡣ
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˾УҶһȭ˳Цͷ­һɾڵ棬ôˡ
һΰ֣ǳЦ꣬ǵҪɱȻһɫɵļʸǵϴ
֮ɹſ񱩵ϢЦɢЦ׵׵ˡ
䣡
ųЦȥһӴƥֱӿҶڣҶڷһ졣
ӴֱӽҶںڣҶؿϢй
¾̫أ˵֪Ĺǿʳɽ磬ױǿ˶ϡ
֮ȫתǹ죬Ҷڵ̫֮ԭĺɫʼɫת䡣
ŰɫĻɣҶоתʵһӿֲĵز
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ھеġڡھǽͨǽ䣬ֻе˺ڣеԪصһ£һˮˮ⣬ȻһԽԪǹɱԪ͵ÿһλ
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ӿȵҶﲻϲɾڵڣǿʮֹ
ҽھڣԪȫ͸Ȼȫ͸ʮ֮һѾ
ǿߣУΨһһζ̣Уǿߵ壬õһμĸ졣
ҲΪʲôҶﵱɱھ£Űǵ˺ڣʮֳˡ
飡
Цʬ嵹ڵϣڳΧ۵ǿǣоԼĶˡ
޷ǰʵݺݼʮİôˣ
ĸףǵڶ㲻ΪʲôЦܲҶǿƼ򵥵һ
ǲŷǸŷ棬һľ
ȻЦЩ׳գΪأԭΪҶһߣȻʦһ͵͵ؽɼһ顣
ҶȻֱһȭɼ棬ôˣǿǸͬǿ߰
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ҶʼնδӡһɷûжãⲻڳЩǿߣеһëȻ
ǶûϵǣҶ￴ȥޣȴ͵͵һ
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ΪЦҪɿյɿյջأǸʱҶ뵽һܡ
ǸСһϷСαװɳɿյ꣬Сħ֮練ƣ˭Ҳ޷
ǳЦôɵĽСԼ֮УСǵҶĶ̣һֱв
һϵĽХ֣ԼȻ޷ѹҶ׼ɷҶɱ
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Ҫ֮ǰгɿնǲô˳룬Ц֮С
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С˵ͼ򵥵Ķˣڷħһ˲䣬Цһʧȥ˶ƿأų˾һĻ
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ɲٷһˣɼҵ֧Ҳˣɲٸо춼Ҫˡ
ҶҵţһὫʬεģ
û뵽ǣɼҵļֵûУͿʼɱ

Ȼһ𣬸ոշɳĳɲ٣Ȼһôֱ㶵شӿ¡
˶ŵĿֻб٣ղǸǴез
Ҷﲻͷһһμ֣ǰ;Ϊǿ󣬲ǵ͹
ղֲңһɱ֮ͬһ󴸣еС
ڳ˲Ϊߵͣȫɫһ䣬ֻܵ˵ನѣͲʧأѹǸɲ٣ӿе䡣
ҶһڳɲǰҲøϻһͷϡ
ҶõᾢֱӽûгְѪȣҲΪ˹˼Ůӡ
ЩмĿҶһۣȻΧǿһҾЩǸصټշ磬λǰ£
ԶЩս߼æо岻ѣĸ֣˼ٿɼҵȺˣֱһһء
ɼΨһֻʣɾǿߣʱѾ֣ͣΪò֣ͣѾκϣ
˶һۣ˶ԷеĿ־;ţҶؿǵ֪ˣżѹƣɱ޹ʱн죡
ɱǡȻȺһںڵǿ߸ȵһŭ֮飬֪Ǿ
ɱȺ쵰ҵãǱǳɼҵĻ쵰ģ
ҸҲǱɱģǳɼΪ˵̣Ҫɱȫңܷǣ
һʱ䲻ٿֵˣ׷վȣһѣȻܵɼҼ˺
ԭǼɵɼңɼҵĴˣѹеһӱ˳
ȺҧгݵǣֿҶǵȻı飬ϸһĨ
Ҷ￴Щ֪ŷɵɱǣ
ŷгһڣһɹֱ˻ȥǳɼɾǿߣиһĨ֮ɫгȻһɿֲơ
СģǼ˷
˴Ȼɾǿߣ񹷼ǽʲô˼ˣҪ÷֮ŷƴˡ
֮һǿɾǿУһԲᱻޡ
ҶﵱȻ鷢Ҫֵʱһɾǿ߶Ȼһ
ŷҲ룬гӹһͷ­սѪա
ͷһľԶǵʬŻ¡
ڳǿߣݵ𾪺󣬷һȻдһ졣
ɼѾе˶ԩԩг𱨳𣬳Ԥ
ϳ˷һԭϳһֱû
߰ɼѹô꣬ȥ𰡡ȻһߺʱǿߵӦֱֲǱĳɼҸۡ
Ҷ֪ɼǳ׸ˣ̫ܻ࣬õӦˣʱӦǽԼϣǽںϡ
˵磬ԶйƽԣҶ̾һŷߣļֵܣҪˣ
ϴҪߣҰɡŷɼĵ
ҶҡҡͷָŵϵĳЦʬҲˣҵص˶Щʲôˣ
ŷɫ΢΢һ漴ϴˣһ̿еģ㹻ǿʱһȥģ
Ҷ¶һЦܺãǸˣӽ쿪ʼѾǿ֮·˵һ
ŷɲĿУǿ߾ηע£Ҷ뿪ˡ
һŮıӰипʲôǾǿߣֻŵ
ŷŷɵļ̾ϢСӣŬаɣҪɾͱʵ
ŷɵ˵ͷҶȥķг˶־


582 ǧݴ
ݳΪҶ캧ˣڳɼȫݳһȫ̴ϴ
ԭɼݾӪ˼ʮ꣬Ϊۺ񣬿ϧǣǳһ
ʮ괫һݼΪӴĲҵ⣬ʣµľֻеˡ
Щڳɼڱ̲ʱҪô屻Ҫôű𣬻еһЩǳܵɼѹȵС
ڳЦɲ١ɿҶһֺ֮ɼһӴͷ
ǿ߽ٳɼңɱ¾ӶᣬȻɼг˾Ӷ࣬ҲųһЩˮ㣬˳ǣ֮ˡ
֮ӴĳɼңȻһҹ֮串û취ɼҵ̫ˣʮһѶû¡
˾ɲǣڳɼôӴķ⣬Ȼһû
Ȼ֪ԭ򣬲ŷҵٶӮݵľأǴӦеķ緶
ŷңɼҾһˣ۵ĲƸֻ˲һʱ䣬ͱչһա
Ҷ뿪ĵ죬΢ҵݳǻָƽԭɳɼҰռĲҵڳĵͣ£ɼͬƹܡ
ŷƺڣЩᣬֻҪִľףŷҴᡣ
˰дɼȫŷɣԭ쳣еŷɣͬ˷һ
ŷҿϲѣԭŷɣǵУߵġ
Ҷһս󣬿ǰδеգһҪ׷ҶĽŲȥǸա
µķ粨ݳɴС෹ĵĻⶼҶ
ŷѾְˣһģ߹ᣬøһҶԣṩʽ˰칫ᡣ
ڵݳǣԿۣ׷꣬һӢ˲ʮ־ٲȻ۰׷Ϊһʱе
˺Ȼ˸пҶʦǹŲԣɼҸĲһ겻񣬸ǽظˡ
ҶǹŲԵΨһͽܣȻûЧʦֱӽɼҸˣʦٷأͽš
ȵķ֣һжǳɼעģ˲⣬Ӧ
ŲԵĲܳҶ֣вݵĵطһ㶼ָڣֵĵطһͻз
ܳڷأɱˣһµõǿߵϿɣλʪΪһ۶ȵԴ˲Դ
Ҷ֪Լ֮٣Ȼ˵óôࡰۡ뿪ݣֱҹųǡ
Ҷʧǣҹų֮󣬵ҹУûӱˡ
ǻƸҶӱѾ뿪һˣһֱûл
Ҷﲻ̾Ϣһӱ˴С㣬ûֱӻҹУӦȥ˱ĵط
ҶȻͲ˵ˣǧݴȣҪˣҲһõϢʱͿˡ
ʲôǧݴȣҶﲻһ㶡
ûطȥǸһٵɣ·ϸ˵
Ҷһ£ЦСʧ٣ԺϼһҲ֪ûطȥˡ
֮ٵȥŽǧݴȵ
ҶһҪʱһ֪ɽ絽жˡ
ɽ־׳ƾ죬ÿһǧݡ
ڵһΪֻǧеһѡ
Ҷﾪѣݹʮ˳ǣÿһǶǷԱ
ɽ絽жҶòɵĿ࣬ͬʱҲż
ɽô󣬾˵ÿһݶз̨½ǿ߷󣬳ֵĵط
ҶйŲ԰æݵķû˵֣Ҳ˵Ҫô½죬ҪôѾ˱ĵط
Ҷڤ׿Ͻռ䣬ռڣһпռ䶼صģһĵطͿԽ֮ң֪Լԭʥ½жԶ
ǧݴȣɽһȵʢ£ÿ꿪һΡ
ɾǿϾٰ죬Ҷﾪǣ˵ʱĲжǿߡ
Ҿʱ򣬸ǻнĴܵʹҶ򶨣Ҳһ
ǿһ֮ͨ쳹ŵһߣһӶûһλǿߡ
ĽУɽǿսͳߣ˿Υǡ
ſһεʢᣬɽţôܻ
˵ǧݴȵĽΪ񣬷ΧߣõһĽ
νΧǾ򵥵Ĳԣ߱ŵսһǧ£Χˡ
Ҷòզ࣬ǰͷһݣλţֻҪˣзã
㣬һˣһǧݣоŸ򣬾ǧģǹⱨҪȥǧ
˵Ƿ㷢ǧŴײˣҲ˵ˣֱʵˡ
Ҷһ𾪵ıֹŶ˵ǰһõһöǿܹһɾ۷ǿߣ޾յĽ
һɵҶʱ󣬲ʵôһʲô
Ҷ˫۷Ź⣬ЦȰҶֻǲҪǵһעˣսһȥ
ɣɾˣҲȥǰһ٣ҶЩš
һָолҪֲԼϣûС츨Ļʤϣᳬɡ
̫߿ˣɽޱߣǿƣȻǧݴȽΪ޶ΪɾڡЩţڵɾ۷徳󣬾ͽԼԷ⣬ΪľǵȵǧݴȣһˡЩŶս죬ɨͬνǼΪֲͲǣǧ䣬Ҳţһðһޣͬףǰһ٣ºѡ
ȵȣ˵Ǹ޶ΪɾҲɾ£Ͳμ𣿡Ҷﲻһ
ǵǣɾֻһޣû˵ھˣвμӹЩɵĵ
ٺ٣Ǿͺã֪ǧݴʲôʱʼҶʵ
ºʼǰȻھһɸѡȻܽʽıӦ
뵽ǧݴɽ£һǿǰСһȥġ
Ϊɽ磬˷ɽ磬һҲ֪
ҪǣܹõһǸʱɽͻ˲֪˵ԺһԼġ
Ȼ֪ǸϣǳãΪһں֪ԲҪʲô
ҶԶЩգ૵ص硢¡ǡС¡塢㡢ǳǶ𣿡
ͬʱԺֳһʤѩǸʳ˼̻ľա
Ȼ㵽˵ֻһ㵽˭ˣ
Ҷλ֪ĳ֮ʣѾٵ˸սһ


583 չ
ǻã׼ϳɣ
ҶŻûأ˵ͬʱǰһٶŮӣߵ˵¡
ʦ㣬ҶǻȺŮӣ˲ɵû
ҪȥЩɻʵ
˵չȺȻٶǰһŮӻش
չȾȻˣЩϲ
ǸϿ̰ɣҪʱ䶼ˣչȿʱޣǰպûԵҶҲһȥɡٵ
ǣʦæ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣û˵ЩʲôѾһȺŮһԴһŵսУֱȥ
սȻһЩмʮɳϰվһ𣬻Щ
ǼŮǵ㣬ϻܵĽӴţҶﲻЩΡ
ΪʦҶϲأǴʵ̫ˡһŮ˷ܵҶֵ
ҶŮֵв΢΢һǸŮУȫǴ֮ɫԼĶˡ
ǵڻų֮ģûκûа˽Сһ
ǰҶһֱûָټأҶҵһɡһŮ˵ţҪһŹٵݸҶ
ҶŵòûгʲôЦ޻ᣬôܻᵯ١
ôŮҵ٣¾ǹŲǸϼһˣҲ˼ɡ
ҶæƳ٣˵Լȷѧ֣޷ࡣ
ȺŮΪ棬ҶѧʲôҶֻý˹״Ȼǿ
ҶЩǣȺŮ̫ˣ˵ʲôǾʲô
Ҷһûѣȷʵѧһѧһټ
ȻͯñȽϿ࣬ҶǱȽϿģҲǳĺѧ١١ַٵȣȿȣûһëǮĹϵ
ѧǿ٣ΪڴǮҲֻһѿˣʱ֣ȥҪһΣʱ򣬿ٵ˷ӡ
ЩŮҶﲻϵٲһʧ񿴳˵ߣҶ񾳽ǳߣǶٵûԡ
Ϊ˸ҶΧȡԼ٣ϲö쳹˶ߡ
ʱȻ᲻һ˴ơ
˷·𿴵һĸɽھ֮ϣֺ񿴼ӿȵĴ󺣣ɾˣŭա
Ҷһԭ˵ľȻΪһ˸ı䡣
ȻУûһ˿ɱ֮⣬ֳģѾʼѿ״̬ˡ
һգǰȻһɽȣҶû뵽ǣȻô͵ˡ
𣬸֪ҶչȣٵǳֻչȣٵٵֻһʹȨ
⻹ҲչʹȨֱɸ
طٵһǼΪǿǵٵҪĶࡣ
ΪǿߣֱʦʦǶɽһȵĴڣ͸Ҷڷʦһ
ٵҪΪУ˸һЩط֪ǵĴڡ
ɸͲһˣǵǿڸʮݣǷǳġ
Ҷ˵ķȿǰȿǰѾٶˣȴˡ
ʦΪ˵ңˡǰӰ
һЩ˵עĿ񣬲ǵĿ⿴򻨴һ̵ҶʱԭϹŵЦݣһӽˣ˫Ŀ֮иǸǳ˶ʼɡ
Сˣ۵λõȣ¡·ۣЩһ
ӿˣС֪ٵһֻŮӣλ֡һ۵һɻĵ
һΪ½䣬ΪͬΪɾڡ
ǿʦսǳǿһĵһ֣Ҳһλš
һ£λҶٵΨһһλеӣ
Ҷ˵ٵĵӣΪչֻĵӣʸġ
ҶҸһ£λĵһ½䣬λɸĵһǿʩһ
½䣬ֽһɫۣ·ӸҶܡ
Ҷ￴һۣ΢΢һȻͬΪɾǿߣҶѹȻɾǿ߳Ц¡
ЦԼĵС͵ϮɹҪɱܡ
û뵽ӣȻôǿҿӦöŶԡ
һᡱҶ΢΢һȭ
ҶﲻˬǣһȻûһ㻹˼ֻǵ˵ͷ
½΢΢һЦҶи˶ŮһմȾ¶һʼҶûǸأ
½ĻɫãǳҶ켣Ů֮С
Ҫ˵ȻҶ΢΢һЦЩϧĶ½ʵҲͦͬģ۾Ϲˣ
½ɫһ䣬һӺȻȵСӣ֪ڶ˭˵𣿡
ҶÿһۣǾͲҵˣӲˣҲҡ
˻Ҫ˵λĿģӦòǶİɣǰѹŴ򿪰ɣ
½΢΢һЦȻʩ֣ҪΪС£¸ˣɣ
˵껰½תͷɽȥҶǸһĨ½ѡС¡ҧأǸҶֻһСҪ̫š
Ҷﲻҡͷʱĸ㲻ףΪʲôǿԼ˳أ
ʱ룬ǲǵ֮ʱ򣬰ù˶ԼԲŻô˿Լ˳ۡ
Ҳǰ˼ӾͿԼ˳ۣڿƺԼΪ
Ҷ˼ʱѾȣǰһʯš
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ɽϷǿյģﲻɹȥչʶһɵҶһ
ɽϷȻһƽʱûʲô쳣Ҷʶ΢΢鿴ʱԺ΢΢һʹ
ҶһȻнֹҼΪǿֻ΢鿴һ£зӦһ㴥ºǳֲ
ǰм䣬ǰһʯţɣԼʮɣһȻŻסǰȥ·
Ҷϸһʯţֻʯ֮ϣۣϣһŵ롣
۲ŶҶϸһ£һķİۣʲôһİۣһëʵ״
мǸεİۣҶһϳˣһٵͼ
ۣ½жһֻ޴ıʣСǰȫǺϡ
ҶȻ򣬸鿪ŵԿףֱǵɸ֮ԵΪǸȥ
ʩһȡһķĶҶﶨһſǾȻһ̡
˶ѾúˣеĹҲֱǰڰϡ
һ̶죬Ż򿪣ͬʱһɹӲϢӭ


584 ɵ
Ҷ̧һɽȲʮֹҲǧɶоɽȾͷһƬյء
յǰ޴ʯʯڷǳտ´¿ʯ̻һЩͼ
ЩͼǳĹϣ͸¶ϢҶԾǣ޷ʶ۲졣
ҶʶЩͼʱ򣬾ȻһĪˣֻ۲졣
Ҷʯڣֱ̻١塢黭žѧͼȤȥĦҪģЩͼϹŴµ񼼣粻ˡ̵ʱܳƺҶһж¶ˡ
䣬ЦҶֳŮӣٹɪʲѨ¶ʺҶְ
Ǹվ½ıȻͬĵӣֻǲ֪½İʾĿҲ˳ۣȫǳ֮ɫ
ٵŮɫŭǶǷǳ֮ˣζˡ
Ҷôĵˣʲôûϰˡ
ȽȥɣҵСҶ
Ҳã￪ʱ䣬뿴ʲôܿҲʲôԵҲ˵
ͷϾʱȣٵŮǸһٱ־ĶѨ
ʩһҲһȺ˽˿̵ĶѨ˶ˣ½Ҫ룬ȻҶֶȤһ
˵겻ҶػǸһĨ˽ǸһֻʵĶѨȥ
Ҷûд½䣬˫ĿǽǸѨϵ֧ʣǸͼʻ򵥣ͷβȴһʹҲʣձʡ
ſҶ﷢ǸͼȻʧˣȡ֮һֻ֣һֵֻıʣһϿ̻
һͼ̻ɺǼԭͬһ㣬ԣһɶ
ٶһʱֻʵͼǸͼһûղŷһУһһ㡣
Ҷﲻͷ𺧣ǿ⾳ȻͨһͼͿԴݳôϢ
ȻǸ漫Ϊִֻ̣ʿ̻Ḷ́£·߶
Ҷ벻ǣ򵥵һֻʵͼȻ̵̺л
һ룬Ҷһָģ¸տֵ֮ĶתҲʼ̻һͼ
ˣ
һ죬ռ΢΢ҶǸͼڿл˲һ룬һɢˡ
Ҷûһ˿ɥ˫Ŀ֮ŨŨľϲڸղȻҵһ˿о
ԺлطţֻϿ̻ǸͼǸͼʼձһķȣС
ˣ
Ҷֵʱ򣬿΢΢һһ߻͵͸ͼڰա
Ҷ￴ǸͼвϲԼ½ʱ֮ûа׻ڡ
ͨղŵĿ̻Ҷνƣĵԭһġ
ǽ̺ͼ֮Уǿ󣬶ҸĲͬǣϣҲڿС
߻ͼҶһ֣һǶ߻
ۣ
Ƕ߻Ȼĺһӿȥ
Ҷ΢΢һϲǶ䲻۵߻Ȼ൱һʿȫһ
ڵҶ˵Ѿֵһӣ߻ͼֲãǳѧէƣѾǳˡ
ҪǣͨղŵƿƵĻʵԭһ
ΪıʣΪҺΪֽҩ
Ҷ˵ʦǳϡУÿ˶ģ֮УҪһ˿ԴĶſԽ֮У۶ɢ
ҶС綼ûˣ֮Ҳ֪ȥˣҲ֪ԼûԴ
ⶼǹؼؼĿԿ̻ƣҪġ
벻ʱ꣬ȻּʦݣҶǲһЦݡ
ǵõĵʱ򣬾Ϊ˸СμǶʱҶＸҹԼգʳ
ҲǸʱÿԼʵ飬Ŷյһֽ̬ĳ̶ȡ
ʦĻôǰɱʵͼҶûκԥ˽ȥ
ɽҶŷɽȻ󣬵Ǽûˣɽȥˡ
Ҷ̧ͷɽڲǽϵʯ̣ÿɣͻһʯ̡
һµһʯ̣һһɽͼһּΪصĸо
ҶӦһ£ȻԭƲȫƷġ
ǰģת쳣ǷǸɷ
ɷڿУûиɢ޷Ϊʹõġ
ķģҶûпȥġ֣סǰȥ
һǰһͼԶԶȥģֱ治ʲôͼΡ
ϸҶоˮĲ΢΢һûˣ󲿷ֶû
ƽϢͼһ飬ÿһϸڶסҶӿָڿߡ
ˣ
һ죬Ҷǰһʯһģһͼɢ
ȻǸˮйصģԥһ£ûԣȻһһֽöСС
ΪԼ̻ģǷžԵƿȨöСֱӽ
ۣ
ˮ죬һװˮһ㣬ԲһƬ
ҶﲻЦȲˮֵģҲȥ󿪷ҪЩˮʲôã
Ҷǰһξ룬˵ͼҶʱףԭǰЩͼǳ
ţһһӵķģǳ֤ѨһС
ЩĶھΪۣȥϰҶ˵ֱСơ
Ҷﲻ˷ʱ䣬ֱȥ߹ʮʯ̺ǰĵӡ
ϣװģȥŮ˵ʲôܿƵġһ˼Ҷ̳
Ǹ˵Ļһ˲˵ע⣬˲мĿҶһۣͼǰʱ̣鼫Ϊࡣ
ʯ̵ĵıʻԽԽӣҲԽԽΪķģǸбʻ̻ܿĳҪǿ־ۺԪ
Ҷû˵Ļһ㣬һһͬۻһ㣬ǽϵʯ̡
Щʯ̶Щ󲿷ִںڵʦ˵ѾǷǳĴˣҶȴû̫Ѷȡ
һģҶϯҪǷʲôϰļֵûУֱӺԣΪҪѭ򽥽
Ҷͬۻһʽ˸ЦѣҶŭҲȤϰʯϵķġ
ߵһٸʱ̵ʱѾ˺ܶ࣬󲿷ֶ棬ҶǰԶ½䡣
ʱһĳӦǽĳ״̬˿ûע⵽ҶĴڡ
ǽϵķģӸˣ粻һ۶ͷۻ
Ҷ￴һһʱ̵ʱ򣬺Ȼ۾һҵԼҪĶˡ


585 
ǵһһͼΪӴ͸ӣҶһ·ÿʮʯ̣ĵѶȣͻһء
ǰͼȸղſĵһٷѶǿʮֹ⿴ͼһ־塣
ͼϵ·ݺύ·УԼԼһͼ
ͼ·ȻżΪϵ֡족ǿֲĻ沨ĺ
ֻһʯ̣ķģѾɢǿѹˡ
ҶﾪϲǣܵͼŨĻ֮һġ
Ҷ￴˿ǰĿ˼½䣬ǵĸ
ÿһȣļԺУȻߴΣѾؼסͼ󣬲ŽǷ֮У־
ÿһǿķڿ̻ʱҪϲͬ־ľһ㣬Ӳ׾ͿԵġ
ÿһĴﵽ߾磬ģֻųֻǳȥһͼǲס־;磬ûаô
Ҷĵûκε⣬ǲһУϰƷ׭
Ҷǵ֮УȻһȵҶֳһž޴Ļ棬ֲĸһӽ½ѡ
ǸҶ֮ʱϵ𾪱˳׳չȻˣҾȻҹۿһٷԺͼ
ǸͼҲҹĦ־ǿйĦͻᱻճɽ̿
ҶҶԳԿͷû뵽Ҷ׳յ̶ֳȣȻܵ˾ͷ
ֻͨһ˸ʯ̣һһһˣÿһʱ̣žܡ
ʹɾڵ½䣬һţҲֻѡһԼķģȥͨ
ҶȻȵĹͨ͸ֱ־çײΪ졣
ǸһĨЦİ׳ٵ˵ʲô˭Ѱ·ء
ҶΪȵĸ£ͬĴϺһ㣬ڿ֧ţ㲻ټۿ
Уһçûаϵֿʼѭ򽥽عͨǰķġ
Ҷﲻ֪ȫĵͶǵĵ⾳֮Уǵĵ־ûκεʣһͷپһУȼء
һּΪŰ־ҶսӴʱǹɱŰ־һͷ͵Ķһ㣬ҪҶɡ
Ҷ־ǲκģֿǹ־ϸϸƷζǵеı仯
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588 
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ںźԭһɨ⣬˵ϣҲЦݣںţǴĵõİο

ԭڷϴĵҶȻ۾˫Ŀ֮ݣһ
Ҷôˣʻ߷ۣҶɫ죬ʵ
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һѩõľҪˣһħѣҪ²
ҾˣǧݴȣһҪõһҶ˫Ŀ֮иһĨ
ղŵĸоԲĸоˣҪԼ쳹ɽ磬ͿԸλ֪ˡ
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ҶԾİСϴθոͻɾȻɾڡ
㰡ϴʱһֱƴУ԰ɡŷԼؿڣ΢Щĵ
ܲʱ氡ҶԵص¿ԽһС磬ѾǷǳˡ
Ҷв˶ǣ˰˵ߣ߱ġ
ǳܱĳǳأԲʸΪǧݴȱ֮һ
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ӦǾ仰ڲϡУߣڶ繷Ҷһ·Ϸɾǿߡ
˵ֻÿֻ֮мôôࣿҶﲻʵ
ϴ֪ǧݴȣͬѰ֪ʲôԭ򣬾Ȼſ޶ˡһǧڣΪɾڵǿߣԲμӣֻûŵĴѣһҪһʲƵıѡŷɽ͵
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ҶȻһΪﵽɾڵǿߣ߹òƽ˫Ŀ֮ȴ˲ɣ֮С
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ϷǰĻҶĶ߻صϴϷⱲӣĵ¾һӢ۸ϴϷҪ׷ϴСһˣ
ϷСӣҶΣյʱûκԥԼҶӻָʱ䡣
ϴˡŷЩԾĵУҶ޵еսǶصĴڣ˾ȻҲᡣ
û˵Ҷֵ֣ڱ˵ľΪУָܳоҶǹɰˡ
Ҷôʱ䣬УҶһܵĴڣһθܵǿеĿ
Ҷｫ۽ǵˮ˲ЦһʱпˣʱѾȥˣǺӵ٣ǧݵһһҪõ
ϴҾ֧㡱ŷһȭǳӵĵ
ҶЦЦһŷɵļҪǿҪһǿɣ
ҪԶ׷ϴŷһĵΪɾԹˡ
룬ͻᱻ˦ԽԽԶҶǳĵ
ΪһǿߣҪ֪ҪػĶʲôֻԺ󣬲Żǿ׷һ˵ĽŲֻԶıӰԽĶûˣܱǿ
ҶĻŷɲһ˿򣬲ǲܳҶ˼
һ࣬ҶиΪԼΪػҪĴڡ
ΪػԲűǿ׾ʲôأ֮вЩ档
УҶһһˣʱһѧߣʱѪĶħʱһ˪ˣʱȴһĺһ㡣
Ҷŷɵļ˵Щ磬һҵˣһΣҲҪػĿʱˣ߰ɣĴ䣡
ôŷ˽ЩȻŷΪѾɾһ۹гĺӣᶮĲпᡣ
߼䣬Ȼһ󾪺ҶﲻǸȥֻǰһĿյء
յ룬һ̨ΧȻΧǿߣǴﴫ
Ҷǰ߹ȥһֻˣ̨϶սղһˣһն䣬˷һ
˵һնһʱɹͻ֣Ȼס˶Էһ
Ҷ̨ǳķУ˴һȺԱ˻𣬾񶷼һҶﲻϲ
߿Ȼһ˻Ʊһǿ־俪Ҷһ˾Ȼһš
һҲʾһҲŵϢҶһ
ţˣӸ˼ҿǲǳԱû¸ˣ
䣡
һμҵײһ죬ɾڵǿߵĻײȻǸ̨һ¶ûС
⵹Ҷ΢΢һ벻Ǹ̨˼̨̣ϸֵľ޴ʱȻּ̨ӳƣѹ˼̡
ҶսûκȤ֪ϲĳ棬һ˷ܵŷɾҪߡ
ҶԾǣȻҶù˼ɱսҲаġʦǰԱ¼һЩ۵ĻԵСΪ˸ʤܣһֻԵҶǨͱ
ԭˣǼɡҶȻ̫ϲĳ棬˶ҪԼҲһ뿪
ۣ
̨һ˺ȻؿѪ磬֪ʱؿڱһ󶴡
ҶҲһûôˣʶһɨɡ
ԭ˲֪ҵһּΪϡеɽһ͸ɽ𣬱һһ͸Ķǹ
ΪǹӰΣ÷͵͵ڿУλλʱͻȻԷˡ
ΪʹõĻ˸оԼٷҲ÷Ӧ
ҶﲻҡͷǸȥһû뵽һӵĻӣȻ˲ò࣬ˮһСľҪˡ
ؿڱ̴Ȼ˼أˣæ̨ݺݵؿһۣת뿪
һԾ͵ϮĻҶﱾΪˣȻһӰ̨Ҷͷ΢΢һ


590 һȺ
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ᡱҶҡҡͷǳ϶ĵ
ȻҶĻ䣬ǸŴǿߣҶ˵ͷȻ̨µһӵԹ㣬һս
ȺһɧǸ̨ʱ򣬾˴󾪣ȻǸŴǿ߸ס
ǸԹ㿴ǸŴǿߣ־ɫǿ򶨵Ƿӡߣսùƽ𣿡
ƽǰЩ죬ɽׯɱȺŮޣֻھѣùƽ𣿡ǹŴǿȻ
ǱԹ֮ɫһ䣬ȵ㲻ҪѪˣ
ǸŴһ˲֪ǼĪΪϻҪ˵ֻ̨Ҫܵסĳһ¾ʹ˽ҹĳ£͵ŷĳ׷ɱɣ
ʱȺ˲˽Թָָ㣬ȻԹ㣬ҲǷǳ֮ˣϵ
ԹɫһڣȻҲɾڣţŵĽɳ£
ԼͬȼУŵĶ֣βμӴȣҲ˻ĥһԼ
ֻʱ·ϣȻһɽׯУ˼òŮޣ˴ģû뵽ԼļΪΣǱ˲ˡ
ǹŴӼΪֲԲǶ֣˵ˣ̨ͻᱻ׷ɱ
ǳУܵǧݴȹı̨⣬ڲ䡣
ֲڳڶһӣҶԷ׳˼նֻҪܵסһͲ׷ˡ
ãȻˣϣ˵㻰Թһҧ̨
ҷƽδ˵һջˣֵһŵŴƽĵ
Ȼ˲Թﻹһ΢΢һЦȻˣĳһ¹Ŵľѧ
Թ˵ǸһĨЦкȻͬŰһľ޶ܣ޶֮תɢĺϢ˶Щ
䣡
޶һΧˣоһȻǾ޶ܵˡ
Ǿ޶һڳ˶ЩʧͬŰһľ޶ܣȴﵽһߣٿתı棬֪޶ܵļӲ̶ȣѾһֺŵĵز
ǹŴƽղŰѻ˵̫ˣ˵ֻһǲʲôĹǾ޶ǰһжͽ͵ġ
׼ˣƽؿԹ㣬ž޲ϣûһ˿顣
ԹѶƼڲ֮ˣǿţǰҲ޲ߡ
ǸһĨЦְֳɣҿŴ𣬵жǿ
ƽ΢΢һ˫Ŀ֮һƬһûʸҳֵܡڶжǿԶҲˣ
˵ƽĴֻ򱳺źȻ֣ƽı󣬲֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼһѳ
Ǻ
ϣͬͷһ𣬷·ǸͬһѾУնͷһ㡣
ųϣӿرɫһֱָ񷣬ɷɵĴ֮ڳ
Ҷ۾һǴ֮ô죬Ȼڷʱÿһʥߣ۳Ĵ֮
Ȼ״һֲûҶȻп𣬼ȻɽҲ۴֮ô˵ɽûбϵ
˵۳Ļνɽ磬ǷķŴ棬ԭǾǹͨġ
Ҷ֪ɽɷҲǴ۾µǣûоķ
ǶеĸɻھˣΪǵ̫ˣһЩʵĶ
ƽһҶһӹĵ·
Ҷõ˾ϲǸԹ㣬ȴõ˾ףôҲ벻ƽһûѾ˺˵ơ
֮ػ
ԹһͺȣȫתעǶ֮УǶƺȻȫɢǿѹܹ

ƽеĳͬһ磬п˿ռ䣬˲񷣬ǰݺն䡣
ۣ
ն䣬һ죬ᵽϸͷǳױԡ
о춯صı̫ԶһЩǿߣѾתǰ˷
ϣ
ʣƽûԹһ̨ۣʧǰ
һʱ˶ЩĪԹضھ޶ܵĺ󷽣һû˵ӡ
ǿҶﲻһ˫Ŀһ˿塣
һֵļ𣿡૵ĵ
ǵɽ磬һǵһҶͷ
ϴ˵ʲôôŷɻĵ
ʱ˿ʼԹ
ʲôŪôĶһΪһ̨أ
ǰ㲻룬Ҳ찡
°ѵ˰ɣУʲôŴԭǸӣС
䣡
˱Թ䣬һֱ̨ϱƲԹеľ޶ܺȻأֳ룬ֿĵط⻬羵Ȼġ
ۣ
һ죬ѪɽվԹ㣬ȻֳƬѿ
ղŻӵĳһӱðѻȸضŵϵʬͶƣþ˵
ղŻƽˣɫŵòҰףоӺ쬵ģһѷĵмһ㣬亹ʪ
ڳĻǸ֣аϣμӱǿߣƽһǻȵģһӸˡ
ԭЩǿǣ׼ǧݴϣһòΣҲԴʣԸǿд衣
ǷƽһɵˣһЩǿߣŵð
ֲֿϣֻҪôУҪô裬дǲˡ
ϴԭͿˡŷǲŷӦһ𾪵ĵĲ˵͹˵㹻Ͷˡ
㿴˵˵ΪҲ˵Уڵ˽⡱Ҷ͵
Ҷڵŷǳ򣬹ʶһۿһ
ƿ֮ţκ˶УʶҲˡ
Ƕ̫ǿˡŷһݣȻЩǵĵϴҪս㣬ôǿһôӵ°
ֻһʿԽӵ£ʵΪԶֹڴˡҶҡҡͷ
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ŷͷһ𣬲Ȼ򣬹صϴ֪ˣ
ˣֿˣҲˡҶոתȻӰסȥ·


591 Ϊ
ҶոתȻӰסȥ·
Ҷ벻㻹
һųҶﶨһȻ½ɸʩһ
ղǸ½䷢ģ⣬Ȼʮ˸һ
ʮ˾ȻȫǾǿߣҶû뵽ʵȻۺôǿߡ
겻ɢҶиһĨЦصߣ๫ӹģȷʵеˣ
½һ㶣΢Ʒζһߣ࣬һʱûʲô˼Ҳʲôû
ȻһɫڵʹһɫǸӶʱ⣬ؿҶСӣ˵ϴչȴҵܵܣǲȷ£
Ҷб۾һۣĵص׳ҽڶңҴǸ׳ǸСôĸڵƵģֵܣ㲻ҪңֵܣһǰģһģŪɫ
ԭ׼ɢȥǣȻ죬ǰ֣ߣҲˣ׷߿
Ҷ仰˵һȺֱЦˣľŮӣҲ죬ŲԼЦ
ŷû۵ļһֱЦòûȥѾ
ǸԭɫͺڵӣʱϸǺڵĸú̿Ƶģ˫ĿͬҪһ㣬Ҷ
ǰ첻үĺڣϻ˵㷢ս˵ҲҽܰɣǸӣдʵĵ
ôҶﵭĵ
ʲôôһ㶡
㲻ƤɹˣӶɹ𣿵ȻҪĵͷˡҶﳰĵ
ǸΪȻɾڣΪʦλ磬û˸ôˣнҶΪɱˡ
˵ʲôص
һɫ֪ģɱģҲʲôŵĶͶĵʯɡҶ
Ȼ֪ҶǺӻƲסԼŭɭɭʵĶ٣˵ְɣ
Ҷһָֻ֣ſ塭
ߣƷʯǰɣͬˣˣ½ʦֻʯ㣬ҪˣҪʯֻҪҹ¿ʮͷˡǺһЦ
Ҷɫ΢΢һǺһмصôˣ
Ҷɫ΢΢еŹ֣ͬʱɫŹֵ˻ŷɣ˶һۣ֪˵ʲôá
ҶһʯҲûУʱġ·ѡ˼ŮģҶǲ˼
ݵİ׳գҶȻһһбΪת
ҶûƤԿװǣŷжʯ
ŷʵʵظԼֻƷʯû뵽ձȻ֣˼ҾһڴӦ򣬱ԭһٱ
ôղǷ־ȥˣô￴أ㲻˵Ļ̻ȥɣ涪ˡͱ˵ĵ
ǺȻȺиŮӣȻߵ˿ɣһɾڣȥһھսѹôڣҲǺڵģ
ŮӵĻһ˲˺ЦǺӴŭҪǸŮӡ
ŮӺȻЦСӣˮţɲǣ
һˮţ˵һǿǼΪǿڣ˿
Ҷû뵽û˿ζɽ磬Ȼ˻ΪԼ򱧲ƽ
Ů΢΢һЦлִԣλ֣ôǮĻҪǲãǵЩˣ
ŮӱҶ۾ţ΢΢һɫһȻˣСˣ
ҶŮ΢΢һͷһأֱ̨
̨Ҷŷ֣Ǹ̨ƻ֣ʵ翴Ҫࡣ
ǸһĨɭЦݣ½һۣŷ̨
СӣҲ̨ģ
Ҷ΢΢һƲص֮ǰ˵ҪҸͷôɱˣ
ߣΪҪ㼤̨ϣлɱ㣬׳գϵˡǺӹЦ
̨ҲвǿߣҡͷΪҶϧģҲҶûӵģһ棬ϵˡ
ҶЩεͷ̾˿֪֪Լ˾·
׳գøϻ
ǺӣȻ˫ַڿһϣһĲɡ
Ӵһ˫̨һģһ͸ĲȻ̨һ͸Ĳһ㣬˭Ҳȥˡ
飡
Ҷ͸˼£죬Ҷﲻ̾ʦǺãգǸ˼췿ӣһҲԴˣ
Ǹӣһûһʦ߸ϵĴڣȻ߽
ȥɣ
ҶѾ֮Ӳ˷ʱ䣬һ˫ڿ㣬һǵͽȻȻҶ
ǻһ̨֣Ť·𱻻һ㣬ֲĸ£ǿߣܹоĵ
Ҫ֪ǿǻһ͸ĽأûǸӣ֮ƱҪϯȫ
ŷɼƣɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽Ǹư׳յĺӣȻ˿ֲ
治ʦǿһͽˡ˲̾
ȴûһ㵣ģǸһĨɵЦݣĿҶڲҶʲôķʽ
ǻͼɹҶǸһĨ׳վǰ׳գ̻ôϹ
һָڻǵıǼ䴦һ㣬ǿ̻ĵյ㡣
ǸӵļղտҶʦǰǵգ͸һ԰ѧڻ滭ʦǰһ㣬Ʒȫ©
˲ҲͰˣԵǺӺˣҶһָʱɫ䡣
ۣ
һ죬ǿƿֲĻˣȻһһ㣬һ죬ʧӰ١
ô
һľôῴԼӵ㣬ⲻܣɡ
Ҳһ𾪣ôǿĹȻôɵһָˣ
΢΢һЦЩҡҡͷҶѧˣԼԶ͸һҪЩʲô
ŷ֮࣬һ˷֮ɫҶԽԽˣǿߣǿߡ
½ʩһɫ䣬Թ壬ҶһָԴ֮ʦʦžеҲ˵ҶһɺϣȻԸţҶȷʵһ֮
˲ĸоͬʱչڣҶǸģ龰
ԽԽľ벻Ҷ쵰ԭһʦֻһֱڰϻԼɵļѧϰ
뵽½ĶԼĶ⣬һıҶٵΪ˳չڵķġ
½Թ԰֮ʣӣһɵҶ־ŭ
˫ֿӣڿмٿ̻ﻹȵΪԼ˲ڸҡ
ž
һֻ֣һΪĽǶȣݺݵڵϡ


592 Ͳϰ
Ҷõģھ͸㣡
䣡
ǺӣҶһƳɣݺݵײ͸ϣһ졣
ײڻϣֱ˻ڵϹԶһ
ʱķ֣ǸӣûһˣǾǰһƺ겨ѾʧˣҲ˵Ǹǿʦˡ
һʱ̿ˮһֵĿǸɫʼյ糣İ׷ӡ
ǵУҶǸһķƽӿֲƽĹܹõġ
ҶһƣͰĵûɢ̫ˣ˭ܲ־壿
˿־ĶǿĶЩδֶ֪˷ĵ˿־塣
ҶߵǺǰǳʿ΢΢һǷϵصлĿҲԸھҪҾͰõһƸӴǷ
ҶĻڳ˶ɫŹ֣ҶЦݣǿһħһ㣬ͷ﷢
̫޳ˣ˼Ҫĸ˶֪ǺӣѾӦǣھ͸ȥԲǣھ͸һơ
Ҷ￴ɫѿ½䣬ϸһĨ΢ЦǸ΢ЦУûһ˿ĵ⡣
ǸоͺһҵԱһͻһ㣬˫Ŀ֮ȫ顣
䣡
Ҷһָ̨ϵ͸ӣȻ顣
ڳ˶ҡҡͷǴʱˣҶһֱڰϻ
ЦǣǸӣóΪΪǿ磬Ҷܣʵһķ̡
½ϰ壬㿴ǵĶԼǷӦöˣҶһףЦеĵ
½ɫһѿ޺޵صҶԭһʦˣǣ
ԲӣһжԸĲŶԣЩЩ𣿲˼СǵֽףŲǷˣ͹ϽˡҶЦĶ
Ҷ˵Խ½ԽŭоԼͷβһɵһҶˣˡ
޲ھͶֽҶˣ֪Ҷﲢһ򵥵ĽɫҸֲĸߣֻԿ
ģһ˵㻰˵ġ½ҧгݵĵ
ʱ˺Ҷ⣬ҲѾȥĺӣҲ˸
쵰֪Ҷ˵ӦʮƷʯҪװ˵
һΪĲƴ֣һΪҶ̰֮ģƭ̨ýɱ
ǳɹˣɹؽ׬ˣҲҶɹ̨ˣյĽ֣ûаպľ籾ߡ
Ʒʯʹ½ǿ˵һΪ޴֡
ʩ֣ûдôʯɷҡ½֮£ֻܺƤʩһڽˡ
ƴ˴£ڳƷʯʯǴճˣĵӣһʱ䣬Ҫսˡ
ƷʯҶҸ㣬Ķɲôõģ֡½һɱĿҶ
½佫еĴݸҶֻץŲţݺݵضҶ
Ҷװû½۹⣬ץסЦûϵҪһЩֵĶֹ
½仹֣ҶЩȡص½ϰ壬Ǻ⣬ѵ뷴ڲɣ
½һž˼£һջǽɿˡ
СӣԺСĵ㣬ǲ꣡
ҶӹǵǵƷʯ˫Ѿȫʯͼˡ
лϰĿֻҪжʱңרҵչʯɵؼֻҪУʱӭĻݹˡҶǳϿҵĵ
㡭ۣ
Ȼ½һֱǿţûסŭ֮£һѪ
ϰ壬ˣȰǸϽȻȥɣÿм첻ʱҪ塱Ҷеĵ
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Ҷһ㣬ֻع˱ԣص˷ѧԺʱһ㡣
ջҶ΢ȻоڵҶʵ
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Ҷﲻ𵱳ڷ磬ŷȥԷ龰ǲҸЦݡ
ĳ֮ʣһ㵲סҵȥ·ˣ


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Ҷ˼ƮʱȻһĮҶﾪѣͷһֻһŮӣĿ
ǸŮӺƯһѵõŮʮĮ겻ĺһ㡣
Ҷŷ֣ԭԼڣͨסˣЩεЦ˼
˵ҶϿǰ˼ͨóǸĮŮӣ΢΢һͷȥ
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Ů߽еߡﶼʲôóԵģܱõĳԲеǮ
ҶȫһǵŮһЦȻǮˣӮƷʯҪϲˣ
΢΢һҶﲻʵô֪
ΡŮһָһʯǳĵطﶼܿ
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ҶﲻɵˣЩҶڵ̨һЩ棬ֱǳǵڴ͸ľۼ㡣
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˿Ҷ˿гһӣڿһһ㡣
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Ҷͷһһ壬ֻеһĻǧݴȣ±ԼеҪҵĶࡣ

Ȼһ𣬽˾ѡ
ǧݴȣʼˡ˷ܵĵ
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Ŀ٣ȻΪߣǸְǳҪû˸Ҷǲ
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ϵһӸ㳡һǿĿռŤҶǰһǰһƬ嫵ĺ


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ϵһӸ㳡һǿĿռ䲨ҶǰһǰһƬ嫵ĺ
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иһŹֵصҶλãһֱûʼձŵһ
˸æȥȻһλãĿؿҶ֣ɱ˵ֵı任һλãʼ˺Ϊǵһ
˯˰ɣôһ˲Сֹ
µҲһĹŹ֣ﲢû̫ྪ죬ΪҶദôʱ䣬һжϰˡ
˴ͲѰ·κ˶²͸һҪԣµʱŻҲż
ǲżҶżʱҶڹų֮Уһû˵ĵطڽ顣
飡
Ҷ屬飬һâ˸Ҷڳڸһˣֻصԭĵط
˫ֽӡ֮££֮ʱռüΪȶ
Ȼɽķ½ͨõģɽķȫ֮ںϵѶȴ˰ٱ
Ҷﲻи̾ڽλÿռʱҶȻ뵽һܡ
ǸǿߣԽطƣô飬ǾٺòĴڣҲõĻᱻ
Ҷ﷢֣οռҲܵģԺеľʶеС죬ûбƽ
ⲢҶд֮ںϣƽǳǵһ˴֮ںϡ
䣡
Ҷﾭһʱڽ׵ںϳˣյںʱôںϣ󶼻ᱬѿ
ⲻܰǾǧ飬ķԲ
Ҷ￴ſɢĴɹ⣬Щ⣬͸Ǵɹ⣬ҶȻա
ǸһĨЦݣԭˣﲢ磬ںϣﾭ˴֮ܣҲǴˡ
ϵĻҳͳһԶɽͣǸµʱˡ


600 㿪ʼ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣ۴֮ʱһңԶĿռڣһĿߣǸһĨ΢Ц
Ǹ߳أϥһϣƤһ㣬ơ
˾ǣЩƿƣʵЩ·ǳãһơ
Ȼ٣콾Ȼ쿪֮ˣҺ񻹳ɹһ˿
û֪λϵĲϵߣǻ
ߣͬһߣͬǣǸߺ׷ͯգ壬˫Ŀִգϼ侫䣬·ɴ̴ء
飬˵˭ܵùڣǸߺȻʵ
ٺ٣οɲ˵ˣ٣һЩϹСﶼܳˣصӣλ֮࣬ô£Ц
ڶƿ֮УļʶҲֱ治ǸЦ
ޣˣǰÿһҶܲ¸࣬ǲ²׼ඡ۾Ц
ҽǴþ֮ʱв֮в˿ܣ
ģΪǾ޷ܲŶԣѵ޽΢΢һ㶵ϱȻʥӣССɾܵõʥϿɣȻ˶֮ˡʥ׷׾ѣҵ֮ˣҲ˵ȷʵɽҪʼ췭ظı仯ˣ
޽΢΢ͷǧݴȣУֵһˣ
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˽ǼΪ֮壬׵ƿأѾﵽ˼£ɾͲ
ȻһתһĻ𱬣ͷʳɫŮӣг޻ӳͬپսˡ
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Żͻ䣬һĿ࣬߹ɣԶԶȥһһӳ֡
Ǹûκǰл޳֣һȭӳֲôر飬ɿӡ
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˵ǰٱ䣬һݷӣɢƮݵϢһַǳ͵ĸо
еǸӣͬͥһ㣬ǰȥûȵǰͱ̳ɷĩ
˽Թɭ磬Ҳ֪һжǿģʢֱǲ֮
һһŮӳ֣ҶڵĻһ۾ͿϳŮǸһʱϣܹռųǸŮӡ
ǸŮ֮ǿĻޣ׷ױѿʲôֶΡ
Ůӽ¶ٺ٣Ȥ֣ԹϵĻ磬׼²
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΢΢һЦлڣΪҲһְʾɡô˵Ůնˣһҵͽܣ
ת޵ǿ߲ͣĳ֣۾Ҫˡ
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ףȻֻڵΪ޽Щȵĵ
㲻ҪССһȻҵĻοռ䣬һּΪֲĵֵҸƵ֮ڣ޷ڻοռ֣Ҳ֪ɹûС
޽һȣĿ£ָĹﶼˣһССھĵȻܹĸƷΧǲ˼飡
ҲδȫǺ£һЩɳɽҪʼ췭ظˡŻеǿߣ̾һ

Ҷ˹ųǣԶȥָĻѾɱ⣬ҪɱޣߵԶĵطС
һ·Ҷ﷢֣˸ԼһԶ񱼣ҧгݵģ֪Ǳ޸ɱˣǱ˸ɱˡ
еƣһΪ֣߸ߵڵһλߵĻһǧٶ
ǰʮλҲһǧϣҧĺܽҶﲻĸ̾ɽǿʵֲ̫ˡ
ڿԼǳȵڵһǸλ˿Ժ
Ϊлɱ޵ˣݻ޵ΪӦĻ֣˻ɱǵĳɼᱻһ룬޻ɱ͸ˣֻʣµʱʮ֮һ
ܱɱǱɱܻһЩֵ׵ģҶĻ֣һʮֻѼ
Ա˵ĳɼһֱڸҶĳɼȴʼûҶ΢΢һЦҪʼˡ
໣
Ȼһŭһͷʮҵλ޶ҶϢȻһɾڵĻޡ
޹˼ݻģǻι컯ﻯĻޣʵһģһ
Ǻ
ϣһ嫵ĵƿռ䣬һ磬նǡ
䣡
һ֮زǸɾڵľǣҶһն飬γһɹɢȥ
նɱͷǺҶ﷢һ֮Լʶ֮УȻһЩ
ţǴ˵еĺôȻһжõģЩ֮У̺Ż
Ի𣬽Щ޵ĻΪｱߣȻǴֱʡ
Ҷﲻ𺳣ǺģҶ꣬Ϊӵġ
ĵط꣬Լʹɾܶٵ£궼ת߶ᣬɢ
㹻ǿĻûˣҲҵʵǽжᣬ߸ɴת͵ӵ˵ڶ
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һڲʮ֣ǰʮĿֲһûɱ˶ٻް
ɱͷ޺Ҷ﷢Χûˣͷޣһͷ©֮㡣
ˣ̫ˣøˣô̹ˣҶ¼ͬһ⼱
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ֻǰ֮⣬ĻޣŴȵǣɱأɱꡣ
Ҷ￴һۣѡһȽٵĵطȥϾնɱ޵ʱ򣬻Ҫı͵Ϯǳ鷳
Ҷĳ֣һ˲ٻ޵ע⣬ЩŭһҶ
гһڣȻһȫע볤֮Уһһâƿռ䣬ն¡
ۣ
Ҷһ֮£ʮͷɾڵĻնɱͷϲɽ֮Уһʹõ
Ҳζţ½ĶҲһõģֻҪ߶ѡ
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ۣ


601 ʦ
ˣˡȻ˷ܵĵ
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ŮȻһϲȻ֪ҶڸʲôֻҪҶֶˣ˵Ҫʼˡ
ʱ˫Ŀ΢΢ɵ΢΢ҡͷҶֲûжΰռŵһλá
ֺ֣һӱʮʮʱ䣬Ҷ֣һǵʮߡ
λûΪڶĻ֣Ҳ࣬ҶһҪһЩʱˡ
˾ͺãҶһǾϲġŷϸһĨΣĿ֮ȫǼ
ףҶʧˣ
ҶǳȻе˸æȥȻҶʧˣԭڶѾɹռ˵һλá
ȻһһָǸ֣ŵ
ȥֻҶĻһӵʮ򣬶δӵһһһٶ
ôܣ
ϸһĨЦݣ΢΢һ̣һƤĻȶҶɱˣ
ɱˣЩԾһھɾǿУֻҪɱѾˣȻܹɱˣ
ŰɣֻҪͷľͻ᳤ˡһЦ˫Ŀ֮ŵɫ
ŮҲһ΢ЦǶҶ̫˽ˣһԶѭ浸صġ

ۣ
һ죬Ҷһȭһ͵Ϯ߻ɱǸһĨЦ浱ˣ
ȻһϱߵҶһϲٺ٣ҵ¸Ŀˡ
ҶҲܻˣгɣԶɱȥҶ﷢Խǰ޾Խǿ
ʱҲ˻޻ֵļ㷽ʽһ޻һʮһ١
ɽһַҶӦõݺᣬһʱ²ɵ
һնɱ˼ֻ޺Ҷ΢΢һҶ¶ƣһɲǣһӰ
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ѾЩɱٸǿߣԭҶһھСӣûʲôȤ
Ҷսˣնɱ޵ٶȼ죬һӦǣС֮һд֡
һ㣡
ԭصҶȻʵͬʨѣгĳһ磬һ˲䵽ǰ
Ǹ͵ϮߣȻԼһӵ˱һ㣬һ󷢺һˡ
ң
飡
ֻһ䣬ҶҲû˵ʾ䣬ǿ϶䣬һն顣
ɹɢֻܲʵĻȥˣൣµһµĻ֣ôҶһһ롣
֮УҶﲻһϲӶ֣ͻһİ
Ҷ˷֮ʣ˱˷ܣµ˲һ
ڸղţҶδӵһٶһһǧ
ʱҲòż˵ĻҶȷʵǳͷ
Ҷڸֵķʽɱ˼͵Ϯߺǧٶ
εҶ﷢Ѿ˸ǿߵע⣬ûٿϵˡ
ЩˣҶǳȥǻɱôҲ²֣ԥһ£̾һһиȥ
ΧĻޣɾڣںͺڸΧģţҶ죬Ҳûʲô˼
Ҷһ·ǰУһ·նɱгʮǰһɽ̤ϸɽԶսҶһѪڡ
ֻǿߣݺ޾Ļ޺УХƸ֣زɢ䣬Ƕǻޱɱ֡
ս棬ҶﲻѪӿеĳս
˵һֵܣشʱĳ̫˻ˡ
ǿ߶ͬŭһĻȺ˵Եõкܶտ֮أ˻ޡ
Ҷһеĳһһ磬һͷ޺֮С
Ļ޸ָǳ滢ӦоУħûʲôŰϢͬ
޶ɾڣֱ֮ǵأԶԶȥǾһƬ޵ĺ
飡
ҶгһǧӰݺݵնڴϣһֲɢ
ۻһҲΧһգЩǴǹɿֲһ˲䱻ɹꡣ
΢һ£Ҷ﷢Ļޣֻͨޣߣĸߵĸˡ
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ĳֺܿǿߵע⣬һ𾪵ĿҶ
𾪵ĲҶսҶΪȻֻھѣȴѾŸƥеսˡ
Ҷûй˼ɱˣгݺȥҵڷĸогʹõĸǵӦ֡
ˣ
һռ䲨ҶȻΧ⣬ֻһ޴ķģ
δֲѹΧĿռ䶼ҪˣҶͷһ
ȫӿע볤֮У֮𣬶ǵɷն䡣
䣡
ǵıԲǧΪ֮һգеĻޣһ֮±
̧ۿȥֻԶһнӡؿҶĿ΢΢һ
½䣡
Ǹ½䣬ĿҶҶּˣ˵ǲǺɰ
ҶĽ𣬵Ŀ½ô½ϰʲôղɣ
½ɫһڣ޵ľǡϰ塱ֻ֣һʹľ
Ҷ֮Ҳһˡ½ɭȻĵҧгݵģ·ҪҧҶһ⡣
ʲôģϴε飬ѾƻˡҶﲻĵ
ҪװˣҪɱĳ˳ǣ
½һŭڿһģһɫķ˲仯ǧѼ̣Ҷ䡣
Щ̳Լһɣ״ǹɴ֮۶ɣ̶ȣһ㷨
𾪵ǣķΧ˷Բǧٶ֮죬Χ֮㣬޷ܡ
ΧһЩǿߣߵĹˣܲյļ̣Ƕɫһ䡣
ȥɣҴ̣
½һȣյ̣ҶＲ۶ƿյļХͷƤ顣
ļ̣ҶҲɫ΢΢һ붯󰵽Ƿˡ
˫Ŀļ̣Ȼڴһն˲ڸ˵ߣƺԼԼһ
䣡
һ죬ԲﶼһҶڵĵط̣̳һ޿ӣҶѾʧ
½״ǸһĨЦЦոոһֲĵѾնߡ
ۣ
½侪ĿУ꣬ʧԭء
ʧĵطҶӰ֣૵صϰϰ壬˴󷽣ͻҲ͵֮࣡


602 ͷͯ
Ҷɱ½һ̣ˣҶδԭǧһӽһٰʮ
εĿԽˣߵǸϣһŵɵˡ
˭뵽һھǿߣǿ˵زٶȣ̫ˡ
ԥһ£ջһҧߵһ˷ܵµǰ֮ǰխԼλе뼸λ£
ĻڳеӳһظǺˡ
֮ǰԴ˿̱һǸҶĳΪ˽ӣ֪˶ԴµˣȻŭ
˵ֻһϣҲܲסҶŭ
˵ԺݣƾڵսԸһ棬Ҳڵܵġ
еһͷϻңһֱϷϴһ˺ҶϺл·Ź֡
ϴԲӣһжȥˣǽüˣֻ뾡һǶںҡͷ
֪ҶϢģҶһǸϲģûʧ
ܹҶžۣһУѲںˡ
Ͷлλˣλؽ㣬Щĵ
Ȼ飬ѾȥˣһоˣǻǿҶܸʲôľϲɡԲϾҲʧȥһ
ҲעԼĵˣһֱǧǻϲ̫ĸ
Ҷʵ̫ˣٶȣͷµˣϰΪ˿þ档

Ҷ쵰ҵš½ڹųĸҧгݵŭ
׬Ļ֣һװ͸Ҷԭʮһµ⡣
ҧгݵǣ֪ҶʲôԼɱġ
½仢һɱ⣬Լķɳ۶ȥ
Ҷһ½ɱǸһĨ΢ЦȻӰڶ׶κٶȿ쵽˼顣
֮ǰƣ쳾Ϊڵ½ߣЩǰٷɳ˲һ㣬˭Ҳûע⵽
ԭҶʹ󰵽ģ뻹ˣֳֻܱԼվ
Χǿߣһ𾪵ĿҶ翴һ㣬г𺧡
һھԽһɾڵǿնɱǻһǿʦ
Ҷ
ڴҷ׷𾪵ʱһҧгݵֻһӰ֮ϡ
̧ͷһȻ֮ǰҶնɱ½䣬֪ʲôȻô͸ϵ
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½ŭɽңһŭתزŭ
˫ڿм£ռ·пһ㣬𣬸ǷԲǧ
ǸһγɣԶǿǣһȻȫ׷Զݡ
䣡
ǸĺȻһ죬һ㣬Ȼ֮ϣγһ޴ĳì
ìһ֣ԲһƬضͬĩ٣˶ͷȻ
ǺεǿĹһЩޱȵľ֣ĹѾɾӦе˰ɡ
ì
½һȣǸ޴Ŀ쳤ìȻһƳգݺݵضҶײ
ˣȻˣ
ҶȻ֣ԼˣҪٻ󰵽Ƶķ֣Լֻٻս޷ٻ壬Ӱٻ
Բۣ군ˣ
Ҷﾪŭӣû뵽λÿռڣ޷ٻ壬Ҳ˵λҲ̫˰ɡ
һ޷ٻ壬ǸìǱɵġ
󰵽սҳ
Ҷһͺȣͫ⣬˲˰ɫͬһս
ȫ˰ɫҶΧռڻŤһ̺ɽ־ķضź
ۼǿìѾҶһеĳȫն
飡
һ죬Ƕײֲһ˲ʮĴء
ܳ꣡
һܲǿߣֻŭĺһ޵ֺ󣬾ͷٵĻΪ꣬سȥˡ
ղһΧ֮㣬֮ǿѾﵽŵĵزǿߣûļˣͱನνǼΪԩ
ԲʮһƬ棬ǻ޻ǾǿߣֱӱһƬ
ԶǿǣһĻϲҰףһڿˮԶҲװױˡ
ԭɱޣҲо½ľսҶնɱ󣬱ʦҲ˵ͷ
һ׽ǸˣղűǿУвɾڵǿ߰
ЩǿߣǿֲǰȻһ˿ֿûС

ؼ̳ɢȥ֮¶һ״ӣɢĵϢ
ŵ׵ľ޴Ӷ½һһȣ½ǸһĨЦݡ
ʾʮλˣղһӻɱôǿߣֱ
ϰ壬ߣ
Ȼһͬʱһɿֲֲƥĵݺݵնϡ
飡
Ӵĵն½ϣ½侪֡ʺͷŭĿУΪ껺ɢ
ɢһ׷۵Ӱ֣гʣϻһĨЦݡ
ʱҶ΢΢ЩǱ϶ദͷɢңոմһ㡣
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ϲǣû뵽󰵽ĵĽ׶ΣȻǿ
ȻоҪɢһ㣬ǸֲĹ£ס
ⲻ󰵽ڴˣͨϴǳǵһɾ͵ͳԣȻ̤˵ؾ硪𾳡
ȻԲģͫ׻ûб𸲸ǣǾˣǿѾϲˡ
ڴȵ˰ԲǸʱʹ󰵽жǿԼһ˷ܵĺ¡
һԼûҶһתȫϢΣ½䡣
½߰İ׳գķǳȫĵͶУηϲá
ﵽʱҶֱʹóӰڶ⾳ֱӳ֣ûһ½նɱ
Ҫ˵½սǼΪֲģ˵ս̣Ҳǵ͵ļΪֲģҲαͬնɱ
ҶӰԶǿǲʧУ벻ƻἱת£ղͬս½䣬ôնɱˣǿ߶ĿǸһЦİ׷ӡ
ٺ٣ʮˣϰ̫ˡҶﲻп½仹кܶطɰġ
ҶĴм֮ʣһ˻Ƶŭһ˺ѷεź
ҶʬΣҾͲ½䣡


603 ϲ
ֻ½գ˫ĿͬҪһ㣬ֲɱѾ˳һĿҶ
ϣⲻ½ϰôɣּԵҶЦĵ
Ǹٴ͸Цݣƽʱһ˾úͰףԶǱȶħЦݻҪֲ

½ˣȻһȣףһ޴֩һܲȫ
ЩƵĳ֣½Ʊһǰδеĸ߶ȣ⣬纣
ǹһǳҡҷռ䶼ʼòȶ·Ҫѿһ㡣
ͬʱһɿֲѹ俪֮ݰ٣˶ܵһɿֲв
ԶĹսɫ䣬˲룬׷׼ԶӶݣǳױ˵
ǰ֮ǿɲԼĻðգֱӶݳ˶쿴˵ĵطͣۿ
Ҷ￴ǰ½䣬ͫ͵һȻ֣ϵǸķǳ졣
ȻҶһˣǸǿڣѨʯڵһġ
벻ѾֲķģӡԼڣǿԡ
Ҷһζ½еһ˿壬ʯϵһٸԺзģǷǳֲķġ
Ȼܹôʱ͸Ѿǳ˵ˣȻ̻ܽڣ͸˲ˡ
һʦôȻһԼڣʹӵĵӦ֣
ʱǳ׷⣬һ⣬޷ƿɷĿֲ־ֱӱ
벻½ȻðΣգöֲķӡڡ
ŷĵֳһԲķ壬Ǹķһ֣˽µĴط׷׹ѣͬһ㣬ӳʮ
ŵǹӵԼߣԶǿɫһ䣬æԶȥ
ҶҲһȻĿǸ޴ķ壬ǸŹֶӹ﷢ķ壬Ա֮ǰǿìǿٱɱԼ
Ҷûж˫ض½䣬ڵȣһӦûֵ
Ҷȥɣ
ӡ
½һȫȻͬһִһ㣬ſֲĹâ
ۣ
һ죬һ΢΢Ĳǿֲķӡʧһлعƽ
ԶҲһŸղһϢôһûأ̫ͻȻˡ
½ҲˣôҲ벻ԼõĴУôͻȻɢˡ
ҶȴûɣһжԤ֮Уһοռƣͻᱻķ
ҲΪʲôٻԭҶӦûԭ
һλÿռ䣬Ƴķ򣬲ؼзֻܹģ󲿷֣ģķΧڣ޷ʩչġ
ڶοռһޣϾһռ䣬ǧɽţƳ˶ĻޣӦҲһܼޣһ˵ĹﵽޣǸͻᱻա
ܳԭǶҶĵģ΢΢һѾڻڷ½ߣһն¡
½ϰ壬ȥ
Ҷ㡭
飡
½侪ŭû˵꣬ͱҶһնɹ⣬һʱһ¼žˡ
ԶǿǣǳľնɱǰĻޣעȴǸڰյӰϡ
½ǿ˶ˣʣԼһ֮С
Ǿôһ̶ֲ̬ȵǿߣôһڵСӣնɱΡ
ĻնɱΣնһƢûУǾǰԼ޷ʵ
ʱԶڵˣѾҪˣҶֻʱ䣬Ρ
ѾʮˣżĹ򰡣һֱܵλӣٶȼֱ˷
ҶĿԼ֣Ȼһŵضһ֡

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ͬʱһͼҶԺУ˿ɣֻĿ֮УǹŨŨİ˿ޱʹġ
ҶһᣬˮֹסݣĺӣҲܲסǹ˼֮顣
Ҷ㣬ң
ҶһᣬԶЩ˵ľ죬ųһŭʸԶжȥɾ۷޾ۼĵطһɾǿߣҹȥ
ֻһʮڵĻޣŵս¡
Ǹڵޱ޼ʣһΧסӶӲֻܱ档
ܶ˶ģ֮Ҳҽȥˣ½ҲȥĻ̫ǿֻ࣬ܡ
ɱһڣܻɱڣָԺȥɱڡ
ϧãմǱ߻ͿҶңǾͷһϵеı׳ͷж
ҶҶҶ
½ʱվڳģ˫Ŀ죬ͷɢѾŤ˿屾Ŀ
Ǹ̹ĵ֣һһشݷбĳһЩոոǿߣ״½䣬һľæҲƵķɱȥ
ȫĵطǸһֲڣǸоǻ޸׽һЩ
Ҷﲢ֪½˶鴴ˣ֪ҲֻһЦ֮
ˣǾֻܹ˵ùˡ
飡
ҶһǰһɾڵĻնɱһޱ޼ʵĻ޺УֻмԶżǿӰɱ¾졣
ҶһۿһӰǸԼͬһĵǿ߷ƽ
ƽгתɹ䣬ĵͬвһ㣬ΧЩǿĻޣ׷նɱȻʮֵɡ
Ҷﲻһޣ᳤һ·նɱֱƽȥ
ƽܿҶĴڣ΢΢һг΢һ
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ƽ΢΢һ㶣ҡҡͷδ˵Ůӣ
ҶȻ΢΢ЩʧҲҪҵŷƽһȭ˾Ͳˣ
ۼҶҪߣƽȻʵֵܣԵдһΣƽ۷Ź⣬һս죬˫Ŀ֮ȫڴ֮ɫ
ҶЦһµ˵ʵܹĸд裬СңСǣң޷רĸд裡
ƽЩʧֱǳҶϣܹܵһǿ󵽿ֲ־
ǼܹҶӰ죬ҶǿˣԵ»Ҷдһ
ȻЩʧƽǵͷȻˣ´ΰɣ
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ҶոպڣһĽâƿգѾ˷ƽؿڡ
³ͻأûаףҶոոоһ˿⣬ǵѾˣûһôһ̫ˡ
Ȼ³ͻȻƽһгҲ룬մһն䣬ǰĽâȻǡ
䣡
ۿžҪ̵ƽǰĽâȻջأֱӵڷƽĳϣһ졣
Ϊ֮һһӰ֣еĳպüڷƽĳ֮ϡ
Ǹ˿ǳͨͨӵ˶ˣҲҲ֡
һˣ΢΢һЦгȻһһɴնŲ
Ҷͷƽرɵľ룬ҶͫһǿֶΡ
˵һǳѧʣڼ̵ľ룬˲䱬ǿ
ǹƵķǳϿһ֣һļΪ
ɱ֣
ҶкȻֳֻ֣ɱֲŻƿص˱̬
ɱָǿ߲һһֱӲƴΪУٵɱǿĵˣǲɱ¾
ܲķӳǲҪˡǸ΢΢һЦҶ˵
Ǹƽûһ˿Ҳûһ˿Уһ㡣
ҶǸϣܵвһֱܷӦϢżΪֲĶ
򱳺ĳҶɫǿ֣޾ս⡣
ֵܣøҰɣ
ƽɫ΢΢Щأɢս⣬Ѿȼˡ
Сܾһ߸ҡźɡҶ΢΢һЦɵһߡ
ǸƽӣûпҶһ㣬ŷƽصһǿߣֵұҽо飡
ҶǸֲһæ鿴һȻǸڵλ
ƽ
ȻƽҲˣɫƽ³֡
ȻˣҪˣսʽ񲻷ҵķ񣡡
鵭˵һ䣬ûбκƣһ磬гѾ̵˷ƽǰ
ٶȿȣȴ̧ûκεף˷ʤ

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õ
鲻޵αˣȻ˻˵Ӱ˰ѳְ˸򣬶ŷƽ̳
Ҷﲻһ־˸ӰȻǻӰȫʵ塣
ƽҲ΢΢һ˸Ӱְ˸ͬǶȹ˷ʤ
磡
ƽһͺȣгһڶ裬죬رɫ
飡
ǰ˵϶һӱ񱩵ĵɣ˵Ӱһ˲նɱ
˸Ӱ˲䱬󣬷ƽɫ΢΢һ䣬ֳȻһâն䡣
䣡
ƽĳݺݵնڱ͵Ϯĳϣһ졣
ҶﲻһȲʣƽڵϵѾ˵˺һ龳ޱ񣬾ȻʶƵľĲ֡
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Ҳһãŷƽһֵ𾴵Ķ֣Ϊֶ𾴣Ҫóȫˣ
Ҷﾪȵǣ龹Ȼгֻһѳ
һѷǳͨĳ͸һ㣬ͨ˾ãǾһѷ
ǵǰѽ˶òһˣõһ㡣
ͣ
Ҷ۾΢΢һУû뵽ȻǸͣôΪһɱأ
ѽҰ˰ˣܵĻ飬ҪСˣ
ȻȫƱͬʱеĳһһǿޱȵĽ⣬𶯲񷡣
ķƽһ˲ܵһɿµ־һеĳһ쳹ͬʱǿĵⱬ
һһǿ־ײεѹɢԭΧܼɽͣڴǹɿµѹֱӱĩ
䣡
οն뽣ײرɫһˣ˷Բ
Ȼͬʱһȣ
ʮֽ
޶
ᴩһӱط·ʧȥֻʣǻصѹ
âɢȥһƬǽ壬Ӱ֣һ۲գĿŶԷ
Ȼɫ¶һ˿ĪЦݣ˲䱬ʧӰ١
ã
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飡
ֱֲ÷ƽ˹󣬾Ӱ֡
Ҳܲù屬һ룬ڻָţµĵǺգͬھǿɿˣ
Ҳ֪ʹʲôȻڻοռڣԼٻָ
鿴ԶҶôʵʵɱһΣҷѵֽţ
ҶһŹֵĿžʵҺ֪㵽һɱ֣һͣ
ţɱйϵ𣿡üͷʵ
˵һɱ֣׳յɱ֣һͣǾҼһ͡Ҷʮĵ
ΪʲôҲʵ
ɱأߣʹıɱˣǸ̥Ҷҡͷ
ĻеҼͷҲô˵ģҼϲɱ֣Ҳϲô죿Щյ
ҶͻȻȻָžˣѾһˣһӢۣ
ѽҾôģ鲻õʱȥˣйһЩеơõʱ򣬾ȥǿάɽ壬ɽ벻Сӣһۿҵΰ룬֪һϲĵ
۽齻飬زܸãɱһΡЩΪѵĵ
ʲôأҶʵ
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䣡
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605 ɱ
ųڣâ˸ͬʱλۣǸĹ̡
ӰȫϺ󣬿ԿˣӣһòͨӣضǸ׷ӣκ󣬲źݺݵ³֣
ɣ
˴ˣ
Ǹ׷ҶǾ飬Ȼ뵽ʲôɫ䡣
һʱһǺһĲҽУһѾסҶĲӣɵĻ쵰ֻң
ҶҲʾץžĲӣƾʲô
̫ˣȻֶΡŭ
ƨɱǶáҶҲŭ˾Ʀһ㣬˺ڵϹȥ
ڸʲôȻһֹͣ˶
ֻƽһĿŶˣҲ˼˺ˣæֿ
ƽžһȭһս÷ƽ࣬ڴл
ԭƽһֱԭظŸղŵսӾУѧ˲ٶš
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ǸոոһͼҶҲˣɲ䣬ȻֶˣȻͬƤһ˺һ
ƽȭЩ˼ĵʵϣˣУʵڲ
ҲʲôֻҪܹܶԷǿУ˵ҵѾǲʱӦÿԲŶԡƽҡҡͷ
ˣôͬʱˣ˵ƽһͬʱնɱô˾ֲ̫ˡ
ǷָҶƿڴ쵰ս򲻹ͳһЩåå飬ͿʼأܵĻְ
˰죬ƽ׵Ĵ¾ԭҶвʱȻֱԱ
˭Ҳû뵽ҶԱó棬һ˿ûУֱӱ˻
һλÿռڣҶ;໥ɱ˶ԷԵõԷһ֡
ҶĻֲŵʮ򣬵õһ֣ھ˵ëǡ
ֽһ󣬾ԭߵλӣһӵ˰ʮ壬Ҷԭλӣһ˰ʮ
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ٺ٣Сӣ͵ǿ׷ɱɡֻĵ
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֣ʵǿڴȫһս鲻Ҷŷƽ֣صĵ
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ǵϢҪǣɱһأѻûΣҶﲻмĵ
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Ҷͷƽһĸ֣áֲݣǾǿֲˡ
һҲһļһһ̬ԼӸҴɱأǻͷĻµһ»ֶ͸ˡ
Ҷ𾪵ͬʱҲЦҲǸˣȥ͵Ϯһǿߡ
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˵Щƨɣ˴кֱʧڶǰ
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İɣ㰲ıչأСȥˣ
Ҷƽ΢һ£Ҳ֪ȥĸ򣬱۾ָһ򣬷ɱȥ
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Ȼ֪ûлǰһÿնɱһޣǵһ֡
ĻᣬǺ޲ɱʮ꣬µʱ䣬˵ʵ̫ˡ

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ۣ
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Ǹ׷ӰѾԶֻһӰӣһĿɿڴǡ
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һ·ϲǿ߼Ҷﲻ˳ۣ׷׳֣һɾڵţҶսһʱ䣬Ķһնɱ
˵ҶжǿڻοռУܶ˵ľ޷ͷţҶٻսռ˼ıˣܹƷ
ʱ䣬Ҷ˲٣ֻɼǰһ֮Ļֲж
ԭľ飬ʱѾ˵λãСӣʱɱ˲ˡ
ֻ֪͵Ϯɱģǹɱģ˵鲻õʱ򣬹ϲȥɵġ
ϴαҶһκ󣬿еӰʱȥˣֵʱ򣬱Ȼ͵ϮӶࡣ
ҶѰ˰£ûзϢһǰм䣬Ȼһ


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Ҷһźűʾһͬڰڵǿ߿

ռһ󼤵һӰҶǰ磬ӳ

ҶﲻͷһǸаУһֱһľǿ
ĿҶһۣ΢΢Щ죬漴ɫָԭĵĮ
һ죬ָһ֮˲ֱҶ֮ɢѹռ䶼Ҫ˺ˡ
һȴŻص־ųŲ
Ҷһأһͺȣ˲˰ɫгնʸϡ
飡
һ죬ǵֲʸҶһն飬ҶǹɿֱֲӽҶɳ⡣
ҶкȻǿǹȻֱ۷飬еĳס
΢ЩĿҶһۣȻҶսЩ⣬кȻһ֮ɵĳҶն䡣
ǰһ֣غϸС·ɢΧ˿ռ䡣
һûκλǿһնɱͽҶģܶ޷ֻӲƴ
ҶĿֲѹܹһֱռŰϵһλӣս̫̬ˡ
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䣡
Ҷ޷ܣֻ֮Ӳƴ˫յӲǵ
ԲǧĴأһӣҶɳԶ˫ֻڱѣѪ
̫ǿˣ
Ҷؿһôֲĸ֣Ϊ̫ˡ
ɾ۷壬Ҷֻںڶѣһ󾳽硣
޷ٻǳسԿιȻûл֮
ζûҶɱüͷһ壬ԭ߳ǵʮɡ
֮ıǣΧĿռ䱬죬·Щܲסǹһ㣬ʱ顣
ҶʧģȻٽ˽ķǳʹõպܵķΧڡ
ޱһնֲѹҶͷͬʱҲ˷ŭ֮顣
̫ˣûнҶǰҶﵱһµһ
ҶԴ磬ǵһ˱ӣһȫתͬʱüķ⣬һ֮תֱ֮У볤֮ڡ
䣡
һȸղŸǿı촫ضˣȻɫ΢΢һ䣬һǿӿ
ߣ
һߣΧϸܵǹ֮ûȴϣͱȫ顣

ע⼯е֮ʱҶеĳһĻȣݺݵնļͷ
飡
һ죬ҶﾹǣԼȫһȻû˼һ˿һ
ļϣһľնһ龫һ㣬Ҷַ飬ǶԷһ¶ûС

żͷĳֻǵصͺһ籩ǣҶʱһɿֲ֮ɡ
ۣ
ҶһѪǹ̫ǿˣٻ˰޷ֵ౻ˡ
ת֮ڵ˲ϣҶһأ̫ǿˡ
Įڿһӣγɣϳһɵľ޴ǹ
ǹһ֣Ҷʱеһ̫ǿˣÿܾ׼ؿλÿռĳܷΧ֮ڣƫƫִˡ
ѾǳǹܵĻᶼûУȻܷŭò̫ǿˣһġ

ĿҶһ߸ϵڸһһ㡣
Ǹ޴ǹգ޾ѹֱҶĶ
Ҷһ˫ֽųȻ֪ԼĵסĹǾôԸ
䣡
ҶҪ׼Ӳʱһ͸ļ̣һŭʸײǾ޴ǹ֮ϣһ졣
ǵ̷ǳСֻͨʸСײǹ֮ϣǹȫˡ
۸СѣܲŶ
һĵ˽ֹһޱ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻԶһȵŮӣü䣬һͷȻƮ䣬ԵЩȴһּΪеĸо
ǸŮ΢΢𣬻һƤĻȣ
Ҷ΢΢һ㵣ǸŮڴУӿռųŵǸŮӣ벻Ȼ־ԼҸղһǿ
Ҫ£üͷһ壬ؿǸŮӵ
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˵껹Ƥգգ۾˵أСܵܣ
СܵܣҶ΢΢һ飬ƺЩԽܣ˵ʵԸɱˣҲƺ
¶㲻Ҫʶ̧٣ҳ顱¶һ˿ŭ⡣
Ҷʱף߰ĽԼ˵һһֵıģ˵һ֣һ㡣
ĻͬʱҲҶϿ쿴һƣǸ¶֣Ȼڵλ
ɣôɰС֣ܵܶ㱾һˡ˵λÿռ䣬Ҷ޷óʵκβҡ¶΢΢һЦ˳ŮԵĿ
˫΢΢һУؿ¶¶ηĸӣͬʱ٩ô˼ң˼ҿǻ᲻˼أȰ㲻Ҫ׷˼ˣҲϲͣҸȤˣ
û¶ĵ٩ؿǵˣסˣȵؾУԻĸУ
ȻһתͷؿҶһ۵ܲңնɱ´ֻɱˣ
ҶһȵĿΪʲôҼûɱ㸸ףҲûţΪʲôҪɱң
ԭһƽȻɫһ˫Ŀ֮һƬ䣬Ҷһһ㡣
úʱ⣡
˵һһ⣬ֱʧԭأٶ֮ӦӦ
Զȥķ򣬿л֮Ҷﲻ˳˼Ķ̫ˡ
Сܵܣ¸ҰϷˣ˼Һء¶ߵҶߣһ˫۾ЦеĿҶҶﲻͷ
¶ɢųŮ˵Ϣһ͸˵ˮң˿һۣҧһڵ
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ΪԼԾ㽻㣬ҲΥڹأһҪ˼׼꼼ֻǸƷѧǸǻԤϡҾͷǳǿʵ㣬Ҳ˽ĵģҰŴڸ㣬ܷһ
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608 ɹؾ
Ҷ۾ΧȺλÿռһУͺһһ
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Ҷλοռʲôջ񣿡ʱ۾Ҷ΢΢һЦ
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Ǽһо飬ǸǳֲļһҶͷһ˵֪ˡ
ҶǳƵǣһﲻɱƽ˾Ȼм֮顣
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ҶʱȻ򣬲ǧݴȱˣǴ٣ʼ
ѹָôãλÿռȻǽʩչģôֱʣĽҲżġ
ԭΪ£ЩǿߣҶԼԼеǧݴȣûеô򵥡
µĵǣԭشõǰһεĲߣǽϻᱻ͵ɹؾ
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ӡߣΪŵȵ죬ҾͲ˵ˡ
һΣɹؾɲλÿռ䣬һɱˡ
ɵֵΣգеƣǽᱻͳؾҲͱʾǷؾĻԵһʱ׼һ£
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ŸأȻһҲзȥ
䣡
ҶŴرһʮɳľ޴򼣬Ҷ


609 
һţһںڵҲٶ֮죬ҶﶼܣѾΧ
ҶĽвãæסǸΪŹ֣Ȼͬոʴһ㣬졣

סҲûãҶＱæ̫֮һӸ˷Բɵľ롣
ЩɫҶ̫֮һ˲䱻һգͱ죬ͬʱһŵζ
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䣡
ȻһضɽҡǰһɹͬʱҲһŭ𣬴һ
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610 ˮ֮
ҶﵤܲУһԴڣһԲʮľʯ
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С죬ΪһСֵ÷ô𣿡
磬Ǿֵõģʯص֮ѾˡΪ¼γɵḶ́ġʶԵǧҪСҪɽ繫裬ɽ綼סС켫Ϊ϶ĵ
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ɽĵͬѾңޱȼѡ
費ͬĲҶ̺ؼȫ򣬲ʲôĵ裬żĸ
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Сôһ˵Ҷﲻһɽǿߣܹ棬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
С죬֮ϣиߵľ𣿡Ҷﲻʵ棬Ǿ˵˽ĿռŶԡ
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ҪҶﲻĿһ۵Σһ±ϵһöʵʱ򣬻һ



613 
ҶﲻĿһ۵Σһ±ϵһöʵʱ򣬻һ

ǹʵȻͼСһЩֻӤȭͷСһһߵСϡ
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ҶﲻһæȥǸţսҶﱼǰһӰʱ׻


614 
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Ҷ￴һӰ֮ʱ׻΢΢˫Ŀ֮и֡
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ԭսļΪңȭرͬХһ㣬ܿӿ
Ҷʱ΢һͣԭսеķһŵĿҶ
Ȼͬһ磬˵ҶǰرҶĿ֮ˮӿ
Ҷ磬𣿡
ҶﱧŷĽģԼ÷·һ㡣
ңҡҶﲻЩʣԴشٺ󣬾͸Ůʧȥ磬˷ȫϲ뼤
ǸŮޣϽȻǡǸ޺ȵͬһ㡣
Ҷﲻüͷһ壬ؿһ۵ãɣ
ǸǸҶһͬԵǿߣʱռųʱֻ¶ҶӰ죬һǳǿļһ

һŭ𣬾޴ȭͷݺݶŶֲÿռ䶼˴̶
ҪȻҶһ񱳣ң
оǸϤĶǸϤ񣬷ˮӿ˳
ԭֻҪڣ;ԲԼŮίԶվǰ
Ҷһͺȣ˱˰ɫȵýµĴضŲ
䣡
Ҷȭͷײһ𣬷һ죬˶ɼ˺ʮɵľ룬һĿŶԷ
Ǹ޺ؿҶԥһ£ǷȵСӣҳ˼סˣʱȣ´ٸˣ
Ǿ޺ԭ͸ƴ˸൱ȻռϷ磬ûаս¡
ֶһֲҶɹſռ䣬ܷſֽŴսǷˡ
뿪󣬾ʣҶˣ˶û˵˫ĿעŶԷ鵽ŨʱһﶼǶġ
֪䣬˵촽һֻʴĸо˴֮ǿ̹ĵ˼֮顣
Ҳ֪˶ã˻ֿҶһʹϧĸŷգˣ
ĿתظҶĳҶҲǣһ˲ٿɣ
ǣûʲôġҶ΢΢һЦ
Ҷ磬ǶصӢۣԶ˵ԼġϸһĨĸԵĹԡӣпӦø˵ҪΪֵ
ҶŷһƧĵطкܶ໰˵໥ľ
ԭҶڷʱնϽһӸӦ½ı仯׷ǿ̽顣
һʱҶѾڤ׿˿ռ֮С
һЩǿ߷֮йŹ֣׷ȥնɫѿػˡ
ڷʲô˭Ҳû˵֮ЩǿǸ֪ǵΪѾ˷ĽޣǾͽȫϽ硣
Ͻ󣬷ͺС²ˣͻԼļ塣
Ƿͻ壬÷벻ǣɽ缫Ϊǿ
ƾž˵츳һٽɾڣʷǧݴȣһ˿ϣϣܹҶġ
һ󣬾ͽȫһ飬Ĳ鵽Ҷ
ʱϲλÿռʱһֱѰҶҶǸʱҲѰ˭Ҳûҵ˭
硢µ˶һʱҶͷĶˣֻҪһӦòʲôӡ
ֻҪһȥǣѾӷе֪ǵķأͼˡ
ˣҶ磬СҲμӴˡȻ
ҶﲻһϲС¾βѪӦûʲô⡣
СҲɾڣսǿޱߣҶ㲻Ϊģ
ԭͺСλÿռͷҶϢ˺С£Сµʱ˷ֱܵޣ˷ֿҶ
ҶﲻжͬʱҲޱȵΣǷһںյĶ飬Զˡ
Ҷ㿴жһǳµĻ裬гһ
ҶԾǣǵȻûһ˿ήӻķǳ
͸ҵıһľϵֲʢҶ磬öŰɡݵҶǰ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһϲأѵ𣿡
ḧŷ˳㷢˫Ŀ֮ޣѾˣ㿴
Ҷ޷ȡԼС磬÷ŵ
һҶ磬ôģ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ʲôôģ
ǿĻ޿أȥʱֵвͻ̽ٵҵ˵öŵֵġЩƵĵ
ôԼòͻٵǱﰡҶﲻһʹ
ѵɣ㵽ɾ۷壬Ϳ˳ˡҶοĵ
ᵽΪŷҶΪȻֻ۷壬һ
ҶһΪ͵ģսȴǿġ
ҶָֻĻþ񵱳Ҷʳʶ̡
Ҷֻýɽ飬һһʮ˵һ£û뵽Ҷﵱ֮ҡ
ֹסˣҶæãҶ޵Ҷ磬ܿˣ
ɵѾͷһˣԵôܹɳһжֵã߰ɣǼȥ㿴ҵķҶŷԶȥ
˷ĴڣڵĸӦǳǺܿҵĿꡣ
ػһͷɾڵľҶ￴Ǹһ¿ˮ
ڷĿɿڴ£Ҷ׾ٵĽõ֣ɵģ֪Ҫ
ܷõͿһֹ죬Ҫڻ޻ûӦǰǰõ֡
ʷǳͣΪȻ̵ͣǳߣһΣգ̾ͻὫٵ
ΪΪ΢ɢһƣܽ٣ƫƫ޿κΡ
ƾڴȻ׺һ⧲֮µ֣˵ռ˼ɷ֡
ǸΪ֪ǿɻĴңͼΪ̫ѵˡ
Ҷ̣ɵţҶﲻ⽫õ֣Ǿնɱһ١
ڷ֪£ǵսܿۻţöϲѡ
ǧҲŪһŵĵѾŪţϲñ޷ġ
ϵķǳãзȻĺڣܷǳɵرܹЩûõĻޣֱ⡣
һţȻϸһĨţһֱҶüϡ
һ͵ĸ֪ҶһӡһӶͻľ


615 Դ
ⲻܹҶ˭Ǹ󶼻ĿɿڴʧУѾǶˡ
ҶԺУһĶڣһߵС˹ʵ
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˵һȥмʮ֮࣬ÿŵɢĵϹ󣬱Ҷеǿʮ
Ҷһ¿ˮʹҲͷǸֱǳ˾ĵ
˰Ǿ͵ĵҶĿˮˣ΢΢һתת򶴿ڡ
ǶڵĵطһӰѷԲɵĶڸһͷ
һŽһı̣ƤʯһɢŹţٶɡ
ſڶڣ۾ɢĿֲѹʹ͵һۣ鲻ԽĶ¡
ÿ£ɾ۷壿Ҷﲻһ
ɾ۷壬ǰ벽ĸ֪ҶǿһۿǵΪ
Ҷﲻһ벽ĻޣԿֲޱȣǶ˾ԲǶ֡
ƣðײ˶ˡҶﲻߵĵôǿһػһ˿ᶼûС
ֻɾ۷ΪҶﻹðһԣǰ벽һᶼûˡ
ɹؾ֪УҲֻʸһϳ̣Ҳ¶Ҳʸ
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ⲻ̰ǻȡľҪһӭѶϵġҶǿ
콿Ц̫˽ҶԸˣѱŪ֣˯žġ
ðǾԲеģֻԼνԲ÷һðգһȫ߲֮С
ֻ⸽ûʲôõĵطҶϸһΧ˼Ӳʯ⣬ʲôûС
ЩʯɫڣӲޱȣ¾ɾǿߣ޷顣
ҶʶͣϣֵԵõֱʶ쵽￪ʱ
ȻҶɫ΢΢һһϤӰʱϢһɾڵĻ޿޵ػһ
Ҷʶ۲쵽ʱ˸Ӧͬʱһ괫Сӣ׼ɣ
ҶȻϴϲһ߹۲һ߸
һƬɲǵͷ뿪ԭأʧ֮С
Ҷֻӽһ̶ȣǸûв
Ȼٶ֮죬ױȣһֱӲǻ޵ţֱֲ֮ӴݻĴԡ
Ǹ߶ûһͱ˲նɱҲͫһÿٶȣǿĹþ׼ƿء
ǿԶԶλÿռУȻżı
ֽϵĵڳжһͷǳŹֵӣУȻûпή
ҶﰵȻбĿֱָֻǲ֪˼š
ԺǸһĨЦݣ̧ۿҶķ˫Ŀ֮һ˿һ𣬻һ⣬Ҷ߼۶
ҶæʶջأһɰܾڴһˣֵܣһҪ
΢΢һ𣬻֮תɱǾ޴Ŀտǰ˫ֽӡ
Ʒ籩
֮һӲգҶӡı仯ݺݵغڶϡ
䣡
Ƕڷһ죬֮ӿȥ
һЩҶＱеһӣոȥӿһӽˣûһ˿Ϣйʧһ㡣

ռһ󲨶һŵͬȵСӳ
׷ҶӡǶԲд֪ΪΣӡǺȻʧˡ
һ֮תҪ湥һ飬Ҷܹصס
໣
һͳŭûôأһֻ޴צӻնݺ䡣
צһһһľ֮ɫûŪô£צѾǰ
̸ܵһвһгһǹҫݺݵضǾצײȥ
䣡
һ죬еǹȻֻצˣֲһѪ
д󺧣ʱҲ˲ҶˣתҪܣѾˣһͷ벽ĻޣǿĿֲ
ոշɳȻռһ𵴣·ðˣʱһӱˡ
򣿡
һ˵޲ͨİ벽ֻһ˿ͿĳΪˡ
֮УӲȥۼž޴צһҧ

һŭȣֳһ޴Ƿĳ֣С˺ܶࡣ
ͬʱ˼ıս졣
֮У
һȣһɵУתǾ޴צײȥ
䣡
һ죬ֻצ㣬˼ʱڿǸצ˵Ŀ
һͷͳɵľ͵һ罣һı̣˫ĿɢĿ⡣
໣
ǵһŭƤȻ⣬ʯһļһӲ·
Щ·һɿֲѹڶд󺧣Ҫܡ
Ǹ޿һţһִＸʮɵĹŻصѹֱ
ʱеһɿֲ˲ñˣһŭȣ裬˫һ죬ǰһ޴֮ܡ
飡
һ죬ʱúһɽһ㣬һѪΪǱ
Ǹ޴ĵҲܣǾ޴ԶΧʯΪ̣ûô𻵡
ǵڵһ̤ضһ𣬾޴ӰȻٶֱ֮˼
˵Եصѣһ֪Ӧóͷ͵Ļޡ
˭뵽ⱿޱȵĵȻݣӰһξ͵ǰһצӳ綯ɽȡ
֮ӲƴڷǳƣĿֲޣôôԼء
ߣǿֲסˣǸǸݡ
ۼŵһצһ࣬ܿһצ벻ǣһ޴βϢĺݺݳϡ
飡
һļΪʵʹǿǶѪ
ǵûΪѪŹ޴Ӱչˣͬ籩һĹֲôزͣض
˭Ҳû֣Ĵ·ҶﱻϢǸѨ£
ﶴʱҶĵ̽ͷǱսȻ죬˴Ĵָ
治ǵһֵ֣Ŭɣҿ㣬ĬĬΪ͹ľ֮ҶﻺǾ͵ȥ


616 
챬죬ҶȴѾ͵͵Ǳ˾޶֮ڣϢεһ˿Ҳûй
ǷɽѵļܣΪɭ֮䣬Խһ˵Ϣγֲ޷ֱ档
Ҷɫӷе֪ҶŴ󵨵ʵʩƻ
ƻȫϣҶ׼װƷһȻ죬񷡣
ڼƻһϣҶţûоκƾƣͰڰյ˿˿ۡ
ʱϰյǡãϮǵֱӽİ
ոʧڹͳˣǾ͵ȻѾ벽ǻޣ֣ͺԥԼס
һһ죬Ҷﲻ𺳣ʵ̫ǿˣϣȻԸ벽Ļ޶ս
֣ҪͦסҺܿͺˣ
ҶﲻҵƶǾ޴ĵǰȻɽ֮У·һƬɫ
óϢǿֲ޵ע⣬ֵֻ޴ĵ
ֻ˼ʱ䣬ҶｫǾ޴ĵ˳ֱӷСУֲʯϡ
ǵûήҵļҶŷҪ뿪ҶȻһתȡʮȿ̻ĵʯԭڵĿУһסϢ
ǸһĨЦҶС߳տڣսĲֺ
ҶסֱǱ£Զȥһ·ûа㲨
M
֮Ҷ֮һϵķָһʤơ
Ҷǵ飬֮һƬůǸôϤ
˽ֵڻĵضݳʮľ룬һɽۣ֮һ
Ҷﲻֱӿķľͨĸ֪۲ǰս
ʹǿҶҲսʱһܲս졣
һѾ޴У޶ײı죬رɫ
ǿĿ¡Ҳ𺧵ĵ
Ǻǿ󣬲ҾԸǿҶϸһĨЦݣ
ȻڵĶѨڣһ죬ķɳʯɳ󶴶һҡΡ
޺ȻֹͣĹһ붴ѨڣȻһɿֲѹɢ
䣡
ѨڵĴɽȻ飬Բﶼ˷棬ֱӱԶ
໣
Ǿ޴İ벽ޣһŭͬһС۾ͬҪһ㡣
һԾĿǸ˲İ벽ޣֿһҶˣһжҶĲá
벽޷һŭ󣬾޴ȻƤȻ·֡
Щ·ĳ֣ΧĿռ䶼ʼŤȻʼݣռ·ܲסһ㡣
һֲѹɢԶҶͷеһ󾪾壬Ǹѹ̫ǿˣ޷ֿ
ǰ벽޺Ȼһţһ޴Ĺȥһ˲䣬ǾϵķһʧͬʱϢ뼫ȵ˥״̬
˥״̬ǵȴ֮ͬһ㣬أ˲񷣬Żһе־ֱ
һ˲ǹɿֲĹˣʱѾˣǵУɣǿǰ벽޵ǿһֱء
иһĨüһźȻ𣬷Բһӱյƶ׷ױ顣
ȻһȻͬɰٴһ㣬һǰγһֱʮɵ
Ǹһ̶֣ﷶΧڵ֮ѹһռ䶼ʱ顣

һȣֱײڰ벽Ĺϣâ˲䣬ؼһʧˡ
â໥ײȻâγһ
ǹٱ˲佫Բռɣ֮󷢳һ죬ֲ˿ӿ
ǸɽǾʯڴ˺󣬶һʱ䱻촷ۡ
ŰҶﾪķ֣ѾΣԲʮڣͺͺһƬΪƽء
Ĺֲ̫ˣ̫ǿˣĸϣҶɡ
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öӵ㹻ԶûбನҶȥʱѾʧˡ
ˣ˼Ϊصˣ嶼ѿˣڵ֮Ҳʲô״һֱעţ֪һ
Ҷ΢΢һЦʹôǿҪûк󻼣Ͳˣ߰ɣȥսƷ
˵Ҷŷսȥʱǰ벽ޣѾһϢһƬչĺۼ
ϢǻҲڲܿƵҴھһһ㡣
Ҷҡҡͷͷ벽޷ŭ֮£ȻͼýԼܲסǿķɣ߻ħˡֲãܾ޵һС˵㣬˵ӦһŶԣԭǱˣ
Ҷﲻ̾ϢһԼԤЩһǿӹɵģ˼ôġ
͵ЦĿ֮ȫϷʣ֪һжĲ֣֪᲻أ
ֻܵҪҶĵˣһǻˣŲںһ˵
Ҷ΢΢ҡҡͷܹΪǿߣ̾ԲͣʱԻ뵽
ô죿һ˿ֲһǺҶǾͻˡ
û£Ǹ𣿡ҶָŰޣһ˷ܵĵ
Щ⡣
ٺ٣ʮŵҶ˵ʲôҪҶ˫Ŀ֮ȫŵĹâ
΢Զһ㣬һе󣡡
ɵԶҶﲻԥгֳһɫâҶ֮еĸ״̬
飡
Ҷһնֱնɱڰ벽޵ͷ­ϣҶﾪǣһȻֻͷϿһӣȲߡ
ǿķҶаԼǿޣƲ
ۣ
֮ǰһƿ˷Ǹ벽ޱѾһϢˣҶĵڶֱС
Ҫеǰ벽޼ʹǿҲ޷ֵɢ
һɼΪӴһӿҶڣҶԭʹ۷Ϊһӱ
һˮˮӵֱ࣬ӱˮޱ޼ʵ
䣡
ҶͻƵһ˲䣬һϢ˲ϯ˷Բعѣ


617 ɾ
Ҷؼ䣬׷裬۸ԲڣһƬڣпգ
ûκζֻվڵɱǿ÷־ϲ
Űһʱ䣬ŻҶҲ𽥿ʼӦ˱Ǻ
ǲЧǣҪһʱȥĥϣƿء
ҶȣżǧܸӦѾʺȥժˡ
ŷһƧ֣ʩչؼɭֵϢҶסŲ˵ע⡣

ǰƾճһòŮһѱסе㣡
ЩŵĿǸŮϲĵС죬㻹ţ̫ˣ
СΪҶֵڤ׿һɢ֮䣬ǶΪСѾˡ
ţˣ´ǵĺ£Բ̵ڡСЦĵ
СĻҶͷͬʱһ죬Ժ󣬶໥Źľм仹ǲǷһЩܽӴһжСУЩΡ
ٺ٣ǻһεջɡСóЩΣҶɴת˻⡣
˵껰СͷԼСУǵ貢Ŷϲѡ
һµĹӣȻʮ߿֮࣬ҴϵĵԱͨĵǿʮ
ٺ٣꺮ѩǸͿԿٸΪʱֿһ緢ĲսˡҶＤĵ
ȻûаѾ˵Ǹ˷Լа취Ǹ
ļҶ￪ʼչأԼľȹϢжʵڲ㡣
Ҷչصͬʱɹؾĵطɫ԰׵Ҳڱչء
ҶﲻͬǣչΪˣ޵һ顣
Ҫǣûȫ򣬲ִʹóܵ˼ķɣڵ֮ͣͣڵⶼǳ⣬òٵؾޡ
ܺãȻң
˫Ŀ֮иһĨɱ⣬ôǵһγôĿһһھСӸˣ˵ܴ衣

ʮҶｫȹҶ΢ЩƵǣȹǸողɾڶ㡣
֪ôģǰ벽ӴȻֻز
ҶޱΣԼڵ·ߣѾƫԭ¾Ĺ
ҪӴ˺ŵĵزΨһֵҵǣҶɾԺǿ̶ǹȥļʮ
ҵڵ̫֮ӵǿ󣬴ԭİɫתɫǿȲ֪ȹȥǿ˶٣ҶԼЩֲ
繮̺ҶûϳأһεڣӴĵ½ɫտ
޵̫ǿˣʹ˽ɫ棬Ҷʱ䣬Ž׿졣
ڷĿɿڴУҶֻһʱͽǾ޴ĵгһǼܡ
븹֮ӿȵľˣͣسҶ塣
Ѫ⾫̫ǿˣҶԼͣسˢۿɼǿ
ҸͬǣԽǿϢԽС治ɢ¶һ˿һȥͷǳͨһ㡣
Ҷȴ֪Щһ˯ĺޣһѱȻ񾪡
Ҷһʱȫ˵Ѫ⾫ʱ£ûһ˿һ
˭Ҳ󲻵壬ʵһֻʱˡ
󰵽
Ҷһͺȣ˰ɫͫҲһڽ˵ĽԲ״̬ٻ
֮ǰİȣϳ˲˰ɫ⣬Ϣûκα仯ʵϣڵһʣʱԱ
˵֮ǰδԲ󰵽һУ˺˵ĸоôԭ󰵽ʣһзâȫһʣͻ˲䱬ȫ
ӿȵԼо־Ȼгģûκη塣
ϲҶ硱Ŀ֮ﲨתȫǳ֮ɫ·ֻصˣҶﱳС
Ǹǿ׳壬һֱ¸ҵվǵǰΪڷ絲ꡣ
ȻѾǿɾǿߣϲҶĸо
§סصڷӣһǣڷ죬ϸϸʱ򣬲Żɿ
ҴӦǣԼøǿԶػǡҶǳһĿУ˼ᶨ
Ŀһ죬֪Ҷ뵽ʲôὫҶϣǿһʱоҸŮˡ
Ҷ磡
ҲҶ硱СȻҶʶ˳˶첲Цĵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲһ§סС죬һʱ˳ܰķΧУ·ȴɽһ
ҶȫӦ󰵽Ľ׵ĿֲҶһ
СͷҶСУ£ժһƬҶյƷŲ衣
ɽ֮Уû˻ȥ˵С磬ΪСһˣС˲ռ֮УûԸðգȻҶδﵽ˼¡
ɽÿһƬҶ̺
裬һڣͿľͨ·Բ׽صй켣Ʒһ裬һ
ǵȻˣҪۺıٺòСҲһڲ裬˷ܵĵ
СѾħ۷壬ٶ֮죬ҶֱĪ
תΪ֮壬裬Ҳһİ
Ҷ磬ҲȰɡ
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պˣҶ΢һͷҪ˵һζͬʱһϼ⣬ڶ


618 һˮ
ϼҶҪǧ֮ԶҶܸܵǵâĺƴ󣬼Ϊˡ
ԶϸһĨ𾪵ˣ
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Ϊ˲ΪȺ޹Ŀ꣬˾һٵĵطУһ·ϵûл޴ǡ
Ҷǰеǵϼǰʱ򣬲һֻԲĴѿһˮӵӿ
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Ѿǲҳ飿ҶﲻŭһǹԼûӡ
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Ҳһص˵һˮˣһοɻɱɾγˮˣ˿ɵ
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Ҷһȭǹ˶Է֮ңȻƾ֮״
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ȴǾɲλÿռѾӦҶսȻǿ󣬲׽ɱ
ҶﱩǵΪ𾪣ɳٶ̫ˡ
ϸһĨɱ⣬ҪҶ
Ȼ˫һһˮγɵĴһƽˡ


619 ֮Σ
ԭˮʧŰĺȻˮƽ뾵͵Ϣ
ƽڣ
Զһɾڵţһϲıȣתݺһƶźȥ
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ǾԲܴģȻһˮƽڣһһˮֲ̺̫˸ðա
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620 ʸ֮
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ôǱ¶ԼһܣôǾǶ˵һּȵΡ
ۼʱѾˣͬʱеƣ˳ɹؾ硣


621 Գ
еһһɿռ䲨Ҷ磬ҶԾǣֵλӣųǣһԲɽ֮ϡ
ɽһΪĴǰһƬ㳡Ҷڹ㳡ϡ
ʱ㳡ϲ˲μӴȵǿߣҶͫһǣԭһǿߣһС롣
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ϲǽһڡʽĴȣһºУһµʱҪԼ۷״̬ӭΪҵսеƣǿϢķԿףϸĵͼڴȵĽº󹫲
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ԳβһβһʼСµʱ򣬱Сһڻؾ
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ˣλյϢѾõˣηκˣ˭ҶʹĴۡ
ҪŶŮ뿪ԳһŭȣҶһȭȭ磬ȻҶ
ҶͷһԬһ˿Ϊ֮ûãƾв˵ԳǳĿֲ
Ҫ֣Ȼռһһ͵ͬսһԳֱӱɳȥ
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ͬһһ㣬ײԶĴɽ֮ϣһ죬˶һ
κβڴڼ䲻˽¶֣Ǿ棬´Σֱ𣡡
ͷһݣոմӷдԳһ仰˵Ҷһ۵ţȵʱңһȭͷҳ
Ҷ￴Գ˫Ŀ֮зųϧĿ⣬̾Ϣһϧˣεģ
ԳûҶ˼һ˴Ҷ˼֪᲻ᵱߡ
ҶŶŮҪ뿪Ȼһϴ󰡣ҶԲ㣡
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ǺǣֻҪûˣеĻԵҰ㶼õˡҶЦ
ϴѵ㡭ŷɲ֣˫Ŀ֮ȫǲţûаǸ˵һǡ
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ǽһ£ԺԼˡҶæҶһ¡
ͺС·ǳĸк㳤̵ĽеĺòȣŪܲӦ
ҶпЦɵӿ϶ˣʱҲʱ
ŷɺȻʵӣСһ㣬һȥͱͳˣôҲֿտհ
΢΢һЦɹؾ󣬷һչȣף΢紵ƣʡв԰ΣʱѾͳ磡
ŷһĶͷҲУðɣԼ˥ˡ
Ҷ￴۾ľ˼ջ֮ᣬҵ󰡣
΢΢һЦȻ֮ñӰֵ֮ϣ˸ʱҪҶˣ
ǽõĸҩκȴؼԣҲɹؾĻԵ
ڵҶǣϵģСĵ֮࣬òꡣ
ҶԼס뷿һȻǬһɸͿʼ˷ˡ


622 ֮Դ
ʱҶͺСһľ
֮·˵黰ŷɺֵ˵һˮ󣬶ǳʶȤ뿪ˡ
뿪ҶŶŮǽɽһЩţɽ˽ĸˡ
˶ûҲû˵۵˯˯˾˵׵׽ԼľȫϺҶ￪ʼͨ
ҶһˮǷǳԵĶѩٺʲ
²ϽУҪһˮᴿȻʹá
Ҷ⿿һˮǲܹҵرԴͿ壬޽ӽ֮塣
֮壬γ֮ĵһ࣬ǵǳ׽˵֮һ
Ȼ壬ĻʣȴǳӽһǸǵٶȽǳؿֲ
رԴǳѵãһּΪҪΪ֮ݡ
ΪرԴɽ絮֮γɵԴһԴСУôǿ߾˾߱Ǳʡ
ҽĸʼߣıϱ
ϧرԴ̫ϡˣݹɽʷֵĴҲǷǳޡ
˵ҲɣҶΪرԴʱǧݴȵĽˣǸвμӴȵǶըˡ
رԴ
ȻرԴ
һĽȻرԴ
ŵǧݴȵĽıһرԴ
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ϵϢǸӵȻһЦʮУֻΪһŰɣ
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ҲҶ춷־ΪһֵܣҪõһõرԴΪ
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ΪܹѾ¶˾ģǿĵˣֻʤܰܡ
˶Ϊ𾪵ʱһ¾ĵعȥˡ
в׼ãʮ󣬽Ͽʼ
ϵ˵ԺУ˼˷ֽţҪʼˣһδ˭Ϊɽһˣ

ҶһȣоһһǿߣַضûС
ǰһתȻһ޴̨ϣ̨ɷΣ߳ܲɢǿѹ
̧ͷȥҶﲻһֻ̨ܣԲǧĹսϯϣˡ
Ҷϳܶ˶ǻοռĲߣûʸμӱѿɹĻᡣ
Ҷ˳ϵʱսһ纣ХĻȻԵ˿ƲסǷĵļ
Ϊɽǿߣǵļ֤²ò˵һֽ
䣡
ڹսϯ룬ռһζϵӰǻ޽
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Ҷ̧ۿȥλǷ·һ㣬·磬Ƕһһ㣬ޱСĸо
ǶԵУͺضԵһ㣬־ϵѹȣֵ̫ˡ
΢Цŵͷ˿һǿߣһˣҾǻ飬λ޽δͷ֡սĽɲֻǧݴȣɽʥ£ǧݸأ̨ܿϷһһʲô;ͶʹɣһĳϼһУǾͿƽˣ
ĻͷܲѣҶЩĿɿڴĻҲܿԼⲻǸʵתһ
дȵĹأʹһԵߣ߷ǱܵĵҩýԼ޷ƿصֱһԵ޽һ
ҶһýԼ޷ƿصĵָ
ûҵĴڣˡ
ˣҶӳԾˣԼ֮⣬ӵǿߡ
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ôһȷʵƽԶ÷ԼǾˣҲʧȥ塣
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޽Ŀɨ̨ϵǿߣսУȻصλϣ
Ҷﻹ֪ôʱһسϯλϡ
ҶﲻаҲ̫Իˣֱǰ˵ãʲôǲΪĽòеĲѹ¡
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ȻһӰ̨ϣǸ˿ȥЩϣ뷢԰ףѾ֮ˡ
Ҷﲻһ㶣ôҲܲμӴȣǸһ̨û˵κλһơ
һһģһߣ
Ǹߺ仰Ҷﲻһ㶣ʲôô˹Ź֡

Ǹߵ̨꣬ϳӰľګĿһۣصԿʼ
ҶȻ򣬸æһԼλȻһ֣һ㣬ðɣü֡
ǿһ̨Ǹ߾ѾȥԭֻһĻ١
ɣһ֣Ѫصġһǿߵ
Ȱȥɣҳ´ûһڡҪҲʾ
ٲ֣ʸǸĻһȡ
һҲ˲װˣ׷״һתâԹ
䣡
һ죬ɾڵŵײȴûи̨һ˿𻵡
ǿߵײڳĹսǣѪڣоսһ㣬һһ
䣡
ı죬ǧݴϣƴǿһ˭Ҳð֡
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ȫ̭
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˻ûô£ͱ˳ȥλȥĵطԭĺս̨Ƿɵ˹ϯϣѾʸ
´йŪúñߣֱӰʸǸȻ
һ飺һģһ㣡


623 սʼ
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ҶﶸȻһѾͽ˳أͬʱһɾڵǿ߳֡
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뵽һеףҶﲻ˫Ŀʪ·𿴵һųڴףˮԾ¡
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֮ǰԼ˵Ϊ²ѣ֮ǰŵ̬ǸӮǵ½⣬򡭡Ǹˡ
Ҷ棬˶һ㶣ٶһƷһǿߣ˳Ծ
һǿȻᵱô˵ʹ飬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ſҶ΢΢һЦСһҲǸйµ˰
СºͷѾˣҲһڽã֪ʲôʱžۣûǰһ
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⣬Ҷڼ˾˵Ŀֲ
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֮⣬Ҷʶǿ顢¶ƽȵȶгܶ֡
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Ǹ˺ǿҶԺ
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ҶҲϳΣҶҲûпԼδȣҪӮ÷⣬ÿֱ֣ӾһֻɫİĹȥ
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ҶҲһֱû̫ĸ֣ıԣҶڻһٶʮǿ
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Сռżɷ֣ɾ۷ʵѽġ
һٶʮǿȽ˸߳׶ΣڼһݵϢҲΪЩǿ߰״̬á
һٶʮǿʮǿıԿʼҶʮǣһԾϷϳ
ϷɵĶ֣ȻȻǳˣҶͬԵ磬ɹؾУ׷ɱ磬еĵ
Сӣ͸Ͻ˿ŷɣֻһɾڵСӣü
ְɡԳ˴ѹŷǿеľ£ԼҪǿ߶սľ顣

˼ŷɲдŭ㲻Ҫͱˡ
һֱ֮ϣɫķֱСһ㣬һȭռ𵴡
˵һȭΪǿŷһҧгڿмٻһʮֱ֣ײڳ˵һȭϡ
飡
ŷǸʮַģֱӱ飬Ǹı֮󣬾ȻΧĿռ΢΢һ·𱻶סһ㡣
һ֣ŷɳλγٰڶһֻƴ˿һ㣬ڿоȻγǧȥ
СҲҳ׳󣡡
˺ȻһһɿֲϢǣŷõķģڴǿµʱһ˲䱬鿪
ŷɴһû뵽Լ֮Ĳ࣬Ȼ֮󣬼æαˣ̨
ߣȥһȭ
ǸһĨЦ·һ죬һ⣬ֱӳ嵽˻ڷ˵ŷǰݺһȭһŷȥ
䣡


624 ŭ
˵ȭͷݺݵغŷɵϣһǶϽ۵˹ﶼһᡣ
ҶȻɳŷǰס飬ѾԹȥˡ
ŨŨɱͬӿȵŭڶ˷ɱˣŷȭ֮ǰһΪǿ֮ǽᱻһȭֱ
ҸˣԲԼֵ˭ҶĿ⣬мĵ
Ҷ￴ǸĻߵ̨ϵĹֿɱˣ
ǸߵؿҶһ۵ƣѾдˣһٶʮǿ֮󣬸ƾ£ޣԼ𣿡
Ҷȷʵû漴쳤ЦҰܺãϲ
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Ҷｫŷɴ˺սϯչǲԵģǸĻٸҪǳ⣬ȻԺд޽
ǸĻŵĶų˵˻ʤ
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ҶܲϣһĨ죬૵صɹʱڵطþ֮
СӺŵ񣬾֪ǺݲӣԲưոݵġ޽Ц
˶ǽǿߣ޾£һ۾ͿԿҶǿֲɱǻɱǿġ
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ŷ󣬸Ҫ˵ʲôҶŵһ£ûҿ
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ͬʱңԶٵŮӣһ۲գĿžʯϵӰ죬ŵһҿԡ
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䣡
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625 
ڳȫһΪһӴɾڣȻֱӿԽ˴Բ֮磬ֻһͿɽ
սͻƣ̫ˣ仹Ǹǿ˶ԾȻôͻˡ
Ů޺øߵԣʹǴ֮ҲȻһϯ֮ء΢Цŵͷ
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ʹ˵Ҫսˡ΢΢һЦǳѵĵ
΢΢ҡҡͷڸµľУ࣬ⳡԸӮˣ䣡
䣡
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Ҳһ㶣սˣƵҵľźܴңôˣ
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ʤ
ȻʤЩ˲⣬ˣ˭Ҳû취ⳡսùǼΪʧ
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Ӱ̨֮ϣ裬޳߾ԣŮ·Ǻ
ͣ
Ҷ鲻ԽһͣʱǸһֱԼѾΪһǿߣ߷ɣӥյʱˡ
ҶĺĿתǸһ˵Ļȣɫ
ѽϧˣôƯһŮӣȻˡ˲̾
׳գûһʯĹϵ𣿻ʵʵſɣǰһ򶼽ȥһЩʵĴΡһ˲
ʲôʸ񳰷ң㲻Ҳûȥװʲô⣿ŭ
Ȼûȥ֪֮ûĳĳЩһ롱һ˵ĵ
˴ŭҪ༥ڱĻһº󣬱Կʼˣٸ˼ȥؿ̨ϡ
ڷһӣȥһһ˫۾ʱڷɨɨȥ͸һа֮⡣
Ǹ׷СˣһɾڵķѣȰ㻹ɣҺˣҾԱǿһٱ³ĵ
³ȻаΪȷʵǿѾɾһǿߣһλӣԸԴˡ
ŮӵŮʵŮǵһμһɲǼָֻ˱ԣǧݴȶˡ
ɫ΢΢һû˵ǻһĨм˭ҲΪʲôı顣
ԭЦⰻȻķһϲ˱䣬˫Ŀ֮ȫɱ
㲻Ҷ磡
кȻһѪɫһ֣Ϣһ䣬һֻ˳򣬺Ȼɵıŭĸʨ
ֲڶƮ裬Ů죬޲ɷ
ӰһӾˣҶҲͷȹȥһְԵϢͬ޸˵ҡ
ˣ
ռһ󼤵ڷıһ£Բµĳ֣̱һʥĹâҫ
ʥĹâһ֣ȻƽĴ󺣣ȻŭɲΡ
޾ӿһɿֲһӽ³
˵ʱܳʵֻգ۵ʱѣһ˲³ŵζ
³д󺧣û뵽Ȼ˿ֲղŵֱͬһˡ
ʱ裬гſϷ·һ޴һ㣬Χȫγһɫļʸ
ֻʸһ֣񱩵·ռ䶼ˣɢ޾Ŀֲ
Ǹʸ׼³ǣһػȣ֮һƬɱ⡣
߱񣡡
ŷһ߳һɣһɫ磬ֱԶ³ȥֲľ磬Ȼ̶ز
³ʱӶҪˣû¸ôֲĸ֣ʱ˵ʲôˡ
³Ҳ𼶸֣ӣйŹ֣һǾԱܲġ
һ˲ñˣжһƴСĹף߶֮£ٱ˲令ǰ
ǹܲ³ĳ£γһǿķ
ȻϹ̣
˷һǹϿ̻ƣһ󷨣һ׷Ϊ˵̡
䣡
³ողú÷ļʸݺݵײϣ̨һ󶶶
ֲĴӿ̨ʱһĪˡ
˹ٿ³ʱսȫһ˫Ŀ֮ȫǲš
³ǿķֱӱݻ٣еĹҲķѣؿһ󶴣Ŀķ羰
ҪģǺȻ֣ʱ³һ˿ϢûУѾΪһʬ塣
ͨ
³ʬ嵹ڵϣһ죬죬ŵʱֱȾ׻Ҫ˵ġ
̨ϣһǿߣһһΪǿɾڵǿߡ
𾪵ǣǿǿߣǱһɱģⳬ˵
һ³е÷ӵʥ࣬ʱս̨ϣеǿǣò׵Ůӣľη
֮ǰЩõtΪҶڻˣʱɫһҲ˵
޽ͻ΢΢һͷûʲô⣬·һж֮һ㡣
ؿ³ʬһۣһĮ˵ˣ㲻Ҷ磡
ʤ
ʤû˷Ȼڻûдлָ
ǣܡ¶ҲһԾĿŷȻսǵϡ
ͫ΢΢һҶˣΪڻҶҸ潻棬û뵽Ȼ˿µս
һͬһƮҶǰϰԵͶҶﻳС
Ҷŷ޹ǵ֫ḧ˳㷢̾ҵˣԺעⰲȫ򲻿ɴŭŮ񣡡
һЦЩֵĵҶᣬ˼˵ôף
绨ЦݣԶսǣҶޱȵĽһǿĺ֪ǺεȵҸ
ûܵĻٺǳ⣬СҲЦܹ˵Цһʱ˸ǼʵҪ
ԶԳ˫Ŀͬһ㣬޲ðҶһȭ飬Ǵȳأҷֻܽҧĸ֨֨졣
Ĵȣǿ߷׷׽ʮǿûгʲô
ʮǿѡ󣬾ϢͿʼʮǿıԣιսǿǸӵ˷ܣԺĴȻԽԽʡ
һ飬Ҷˣ
ǱĻٵ£ֵȫһӱþҶǸֳһĨ̵Цݡ


626 Ѫ
Ҷһŷɵļŵ㣬ϴȥ㱨𣬼ǵһ׼˵ˣ;Բ
˵仰ҶѾ͵̨ϣ۸׷ƮƮ˫Ŀͬǳһ˵Ʈ鶯ڳŮǷ׷ױһ
ͺС¶һۣСڿЦҶ磬ﶼôŮӻӭأ
ҶϽ󣬺ֻ࣬һ³ؽ㣬˲족Ҳ͵Ц
Ҷ࣬һǸϲǸ緢µҶ硱СЩ̾Ϣ
ɵѽҶ˭ܵסԺж˸Ҷ簡Щŭ
СȻһ䣬Щŵĵ˵̫ˣǲҪô緢ĺã
ڷͺСֹ䣬Ҷ︺ֶؿǰһ°ĳˡ
˿ҶǸһĨ̵΢ЦǸЦݾһͷǿʳһ㡣
Կʼ
Ļٵһȴ˲û϶֣עŶԷ˫ɱԶսǣܵǹɿֲɱ⡣
ɱ⼸Ũʵʣûɱǿߣ۳ôµɱⰡ˲һ¿ˮ
Ǹһ⣬һͷǱŰϢɱţҶһŮӲЩɻ
ҶƽʱֵľһڼкЦʱ򣬸һּΪůĸоôܻһɱˣ
Ҷϵɱ⣬˿ȳ˲Ũ̶ȣ»й֮
ҳˣ꣬նɱǿһ֮δһܣΪܵסҼУŨüһص
Ҷ꣬նɱħһ֮аܹΣʼΪ㡱Ҷﵭų˵
ҶĻ˴һʱŷ׷ײ鿴ҶϢҶֻжʮһ꣬Ƿӡߡ
ҶܹΣγɳΪŵģ˵˵޵һ޵е־
ԲѣҿܽҼȭ
һŲһ̧ڵһţȭͷȻȭͷϷܲһźХľ磬Ҷ
ž
ǸƲɵȭͷȻͣڰգһֻɫĴֵסȥ·εץס
ȫ˶һ㵣ǿֲһȭô׾ٵصסˣ
㼸ȭûȤ֪
ҶȻһ˫һϾ嫵ֱ֮Уץųͬɳһ㣬ݺݵˤڵϡ
䣡
һ죬ز˶ķ飬̨ϣȻˤһӡǣΧͬһɢ
찡̨ˣöǿ
ΪӿʼڣĿǰΪֹûܹƻ̨ɼ̨Ƕô̡
ЩƸոճ֣Ϳʼٺ£һ㣬̼ʧˡ
⧲֮£Ҷһˤΰأûһɲɿܵ
䣡
һ죬Ҷ󣬷Բʮ֮ڵ̨ȫơ
ս˶ˣҲֲ̫ˣһɾڵǿߣһˤķˡ
Ǹˣƺһķŭ֮ɫûܶˡ
˷һŵأҪվҶᣬֱһˤ
һ죬ս񣬳ˤΣһ㷴ضûС
ŷɿҶӰǼֱ޵սǿƥĳˣȻǰûаֿ֮
ž
һ죬ҶҪˤȻһᣬֻ°ֱۡ
Ǹ˾ȻֱطԼֱۣӳҶƿأɳȥ
ȫһ󾪺˾Ȼһֱۣô˶һͬʱҲˣһи޷ҶƣֻܱˤԾͬʱҲҶĿֲ˸һ˽⡣
һеǴҶԤ֮⣬ֱֽӵؿųˡ벻㻹ڻβ
俴ҶȻ𣬰һĵ˲
һһһ˺飡
˫Ŀ֮ȫ֮ɫղһʱ⣬ȻҪܶϱ֮裬һŭ졣
ҶҡҡͷЩĵ㻹ûҵԼĶλҪ֪֮
ȥ
˺ȻһܲɹⲼգͬʱһɿֲڶ𣬺ȫͷ
ÿֲơ˷ѡڹսϯϣҲܵǹƵĿ¡
Ѫ֣
ų˵һϺȣһɸӵĿֲڶѹԶ˶ȥ
찡ȻӶɳˣĲš
һʱ䣬յϢŰʱٿˣ˴һȦ
ףƤСߣ³˱ըԵϢȣߵĿռΧŤ˾һȼյŭһ㡣
˿ֲĳˣⳡĹսǣͷһЩŮӣ˵ǡ
ʱĳ˾һλޣҶǵģһűֽһ㣬޷һ
ŷɫһ䣬û벻˾Ȼ˿ֲȻԱʱ֮ǰʮϡ
İɣҶӦˡС¶һŵŷЦ
ǡ
ûпǣҶ޵еġС¼Ϊᶨĵ
˴ʱ޾˫ĿһĹâȵҶô𣿡
Ϊٻ˰ѪǣҲ˻һ㣬˼
˵İѪǳذԵеĲ֮أ伫ΪҪΪǿǣûмɡ
һţȻⲻѪ߾磬ܹٻѪ
ѪΪ񱩣ˣܵɱŰӰ죬ҲῪʼÿ񱩡
꣬Ű԰ѪǿᣬɨͬףɱΨҶԸκθΥˣһһɱ
ҲǵŷɹŷûйԲŶɱģԭ
ôҶһЦӶǼ⣬׳һ˫۾
˵ʲôҶı飬˺ȻһֲõԤУŭȵ
Ϊڿռ䴫ʱס˿ռųĸţΪһˣҶЦ
вɵһݣŭ˵ʲô
ǣǲԶˣһָ㣬㿴ǵı֪ˡҶﵭĵ
һתͷ̨ϣȻܡ˵Ŀгƽ˿ûΪİѪеκ⡣
쵰Ҳţȥ
˷һȫͬһιâſ񱩵һҶ
Ҷ˫Ŀ֮һƬ䣬һͺȣ˲˰ɫһֻ֣Яű֮ǰĳֲǳζ
飡


627 ʮǿ
ɫĴָײһ𶯣ֲĴӿȥδǿֲѹѾ͸д󺧣ܵؾܡ
ǿֲˣӵ̨Եʱһգûвⳡһ
ʱǲŽĿ⿴̨Ҷͬһɫսɱųֵơ
ǰ̵̨ȻһԲĴӣԭǳѾʧˡ
أ˲Ծĵ
ĳѪǿʼնעսÿһϸڡ
Ҷﰵĳһ̣ת˰ѪĳˣҲһȭӳ
ײһ̣˾ǣҶһƵ˿ֲһ֮£ֱӱѪ
ǸӰ˶ѵһڿˮҶǿѾķ롣
޽ųеҶЩصĵ㿴һؼ𣿡
Ϣһģһ˵޷еɫŶԣЩŹ֡ҲЩԲ׼ĵ
ǴˣһؼˣЩСһɳǵѹͻСܶˡ޽Щοĵ
΢΢ҡͷûô򵥣˶ˣ໥ɱӶԷˡ
Ǹ˾ǸܺõӣȻʲرߣҲǾ߱һ֮ˡ
ҶնɱҶˣ˭Ҳ֪˭Ц
ȫɳǸܵģδȿ¾ͻм䣬ħսϣ֪ܻ
޽̾һûм˵˵Ļ޷
Ҷʤ
Ȼ˶ڷҶʤϢвһ󻶺ˣ϶Ůӡ
Ҷɵλʱŷɼĵϴ̫ˣһƾͰѳ˸ɵˣ
һϷɵϴξ͸˵ŷǳõ츳ʼ޷ΪǿߣΪУûҪػĶԵ˶սʱ򣬲Ż᷸ôͼĴ󣬵֪ҪػʲôԺԼģǸʱŻϧԼе壡
ŷɺȻҶߵĺСºͷ˹Ҷ֮ǿҪػϧԼȥػԸӵϧӵĿ̿У֪ԼĿꡣ
ϴҵĿʲôŷɲʵ
ҶֱӷһۣûĵôԱûУô֪
ҶĻŷһΣСºͷڿ̿ŷɸ޵ݡ
ļսȻһЩμӴߣֻдľѾյĿꡣ
ҶԳ˵һһӽǳ׾ˣǿЩǿ߷
ЩҪһֱһЦΪһٶʮǿʮǿ󣬶Ÿ߼ĽͲˣɴ࿴Щǿսˡ
Ҷľ棬ʶԵԽսУû̫ĻԾûƴ
սǣûһ˿д裬аͲЩһϿȥ
ʮǿԳа֮ˣһ̨ǵĶ֣սֱӷˡ
λǿһЩҶʱ϶֣Щǿ߲Ÿս
սĽ϶һаܱĴȷΧȻżûλЩӦˡ
ʮǿֻ˶̶̰죬ɴֱ࣬ӿʼʮǿıԡ
ʮǿһμΪǿĶԱˣҶǣͺС¶ˡ
ȫĿɿڴУֻС֣ڿлߣ
ʯͷ
ͬݺһǶس鶯ʥĴȣȻô
޽ҲһΣǷôδȣһΰΪʧܡ
ʤ֮£ܱСЦ绨ɽ
һ飬Ҷˮ
Ҷ̨ϵʱ򣬷ֶԷȻһ޳ŮһͷɫĳҲεɫһ
СŮˮ壬Щ⣬עˣ
ǸŮ˵ʮֿ˵껰ڿһģȻռһŤҶﺧȻ̨֣һ˲һһķĽһ㣬沼ˮ
ˮܶȷǳҶУȻοʼЩ޷ƿأ˾һҪƮ
ǸŮˮһ㣬һˮֱҶٶ֮죬ұȣոճ֣͵Ҳǰ
Ҷֻһȭŵʸȥһ죬ˮ飬Ҷﾪȵķ֣ܵˮӰ죬ԼȻͬһת˺üȦ
Ҫס壬ڶֻˮѾҶǰǲҶͣҶȫԼʧȥƿʱͽֲܵĹˡ
ҶһȻȫȣ˫ڿ
ǸŮӼҶȻٿտ̻ģһⲻʦ
ǸŮӣ˶ˣ벻ҶȻ̻ġ
ֻȺһɬʩһؿǸӰг˰ûڣͬʱҲԼѡ
ŮӼ״ҲٱȻȫתˮһɵľ޴ˮɢſֲѹҶȥ
ʱҶеľ޴ķҲѾɣһģҶǰԲʮɵľ޴ĺȻ
֮ȻֹˣˮŮӷˮͣҶǰһ
˴һЩԣų߸ľ޴ˮأһжֹһһ㡣
ǣ
Ȼһ죬ҶߵĿռѿΧռһѡ
žķ֣ԭղһɲǼ䣬类ˣȻ뵽Ҷ֮ǰķģڶ׹ⶼҶֶΡ
䣡
һ죬ȻˮŮЩ԰ףҶһл飬ˮм
Ҷһȭˣ
ˮŮӣҶʮǿȻһ㲨򣬲һлڿƷΧ֮ڡ
ҶЩǣ¶ĵƣƣҶﻹԸ¶
֮ҶصλϣͺС¡ۿ˵ս
ҶƵǣȺһﶼǳؽƻϲһаܵأüΪ򵥵ܵУԼһƶ¶
ܿʮǿˣ֮бѾȫкˣҶ￴һ¶սǸһĨЦݡ


628 ҶVSƽ
ɽǧݴȵĽʱ޿̶ڹעţȽʮǿбչеǿҲ׷
һӵľڣһȥʮӣϥ˫ü罣ֱ̲񷣬ĿǣϢ纣·ԿΧת
ǸĿӢ촽Ժ񣬸һּΪĸо
߳ɽĴʱؿʯϣһ棬ǧݴȵĳ档
Ȼű򿪣һ°ȹŮӣ˳Ⱦһ㣬ƣ뾲ڡ
ԭһͨľңΪǸŮӵĵɻһ㣬֮
ǰŮٸ죬üҶˮ筵㣬һϾոޱȵʥ࣬·࿴һۣһ£ʥࡢ߹һ˺ֹͣʱ䵹
Ҷٴ˵ĻһʧΪµŮӣȻһģһ
ףңŮӵȪˮö
һŮӣǸһĨͽαչؿջСľϼﵽ޹ͻƽָտɴˣ
Ůбһλ۷弶ǿߣܶ˶ƺΪӣ߱
΢΢ҡҡͷ֪ΪΣͻȻ޷붨㣬Ҳûн
΢΢һüͷ£ʴӱ˵Ŷԣˣǰʱ˵һЩ飬ħټҼǵĹ򣬿ʲôʣ
΢΢ҡҡͷһٶǰѾбջأȫ֪½֮飡
΢һ£ȻЦЩСȷһŰɣչôãҲҪͣϢһ£ν򲻴ѭ򽥽˳Ȼĺã
ӵ˵ͷνأһϢһ£֮·ɲ֮һǧݴѾе׶ΣʮǿѾһĦһ£ҲЩδȷͬţɽΪһ˶
Ŀ֮΢΢һܱĽǿۣЩĲ򵥡
ĿʯϿȥĿδ¶ɨԾȻǾǿߡ
ӵĿɨܵʱ򣬲һ΢΢һЦҲˣ
Ŀ֮зһĨ̾ɽȻ˿ʮת̫ˣ
֮οݣĿ⿴Ǹһۣ׷Ӱʱһ
ôˣЩԾĵ
ǸˣŮʶôҲ벻ҿҾȻʹĸо𾪵ĵȻ죬գ֪ʱ˫֮Ѿˮ
ôܣ½ߣӳҲŶʮһ꣬αչضѾǧˡЩü
ŮҲ֪֪ΪΣҾȻһ׽ĸоͺмһ㡱ӿǸӰ૵ص
Ȼ䣬еǸ׷ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ̧ͷߣͺĿ⴩͸ʱյľ룬һ㡣
ǵĿԣӷĿˮֲӿºȻ

һӣʯϵĻʧЩĿıӣЩãȻ
ʺУʱһ°ɣ˽ҶһȥһӦúܿͻнġЩ۵Ů
һɶ£ûúĹŮ棬۲ѡ
ǸףŮֻȥˡӵ
ţȥɣþöûˡ
ŮȥˣһӣʯϵĻֳˣǸ׷ӵӰ˼һ£ָ֣㡣
飡
ָⷢһ죬һΣɫһĨĺΣ˫Ŀ֮ȫ֮ɫ
ôܡһССɾȻյ˷ɣһýȻ޷һɾ
ǵ֮ΪֻͣǳԵܣȻܵķɡ
۾ú󣬴ȥ̵ҶһУ飬²һ飬סҪŹκϸڣ
ǣ
֮дһӦ֮ûκϢŻҶӰ˳˼

Ҷ磬ôˣҶȻֱ㶵Ŀգʵ
ҸоһϤϢڿңҲǰɡҶ΢΢һЦ
ǸϢϤȴһİҶ˵ĸоΪöŮģҶұһɡ
һû˵ȷʵڿǣǴӴȿʼڣĿһֱû뿪ǿʯ
ÿεҶӰھʯʱǾͽŵŽǵ֣Ҷһһǿߣսʮǿ
ֻҪǿͿΪˣҶ͡С˷ܵĵ
ˡ΢΢һЦǰʮλΪӣǰĹβͬ٣űǰʮĵǿǣвŻᱻΪˡҶѾʮǿǽ벻˰ǿһᱻߣǾͷİɣ
ģ̫ˣ
Ļ硢ŷǵ˷һ󻶺ϲ֮Ա
ǷİɣѾǵͨȥˣܿͻϢȽˣǻһʱ䱻͹ȥġЦ
Ҳǳ˷ܣĵѡ£Ѿһ¼ȡˡ
ǰ죬Ǹ˻񣬱ϾǵĵӣҪһġ
ⲹ֮ϲЩԴ൱ǧ롣
ЩԴڼ̵ʱڷ׳һɣΪһɡ
˵£ǱѣӢۣΪĽ
ҺȻýţ½㣬ã˵Ҷɽôˣ϶ʶŮ˵᲻ءŷЩĵ
ˣҶҲġڿЦ
ΪʲôŷЩϲĵ
ΪǶ֪Ҷûµʱ򣬾͵͵Ŀ˵һָŷǰΰ
ѾͷϷˣ㡱ŷǶʱͨ죬գ־ȥץ塣
ǿæǽ߳ŭ弱æ
Ů񻨴еĺһ㣬ȥŮЦ绨ĿţͬʱÿУǿҵڴһ˿˿Ľš
ʮǿǿıԣʼˣαһӽɽĿⶼǷԲ̨ϡ
һ飬ƽҶ
ĻֺȫһƬڣǿҪԾˡ


629 Ծ

죬Ӱͬʱ͵̨ϣƽҶ˫Ŀս졣
ҶֵܣǳʱڴһսԸԳƽЦ׵ĵ
ɷ˿СҲȫԸƽôһ˵ҶѪҲ
ȫǧǿţ˵ĶԻŭһĻ
Ѿʮǿûһǿģܿȫһս붼˷ܡ
֮ǰȻǶսǶȻζΪ˫̫ˣЩǣûó汾¡
ҶͷƽǿǿԾķƽսУûڶ
Ҷ֮ǰڻɱʱͬйսǣĥӡ
ʹ죡
ƽЦ죬һֻ򱳺󣬳ϣ䣬ֲϢ˲񷣬ͷһεѹһ˽һ˵սϯϵһǿߣоѡ
ֵܣıɡƽȵ
Ҷ΢΢һͷһѳУһ֣ȫһƬȻ
ڸʲô
һǰڿЦ𣿡սϯϲһƬ
ҶҲȡ˳ƽ΢΢ϲĵȻҲһͣ
Сܾ׳ˣ
Ϊ˱ʾԷƽҵأҶһͺȣһɿֲĵ𣬴Ʋ񷣬
ˣ
Ҷеĳһ·һ㣬ռһһɿֲڶ𣬺Ʈ׷裬ʱҶһѳ˯ľز
ҶڶʱڳǿǶɫҶĵ̫Եˣ˸оǸ赲ǰȻһնɱ
һҲһһ޵е־ΨҶ־
Ȼڳкܶǿߣ߱޵е־Ҷǰǵ־͸ľʹɽһ㡣
е˼ϧĵ⣬ȥҪҲҪ֡޽Щϧĵ
ԽԽ̰Ǹƽ׿ڵԣȻģǹġ΢΢Щĵ
޼ЩЦⲻǿЩ̫Ҫȫ¡
˰ɣ֪ж˫۾ضأΪ໤ߣɲܼԵЦ
⻰˵ĿеС˰ôҪ𣿡޽Щյĵ
ֻһ¶ѣľȨЩǣɲΪЩɽ綯塢ħɲֹ۰̾һ
ϣЩСһﾡɳٵģɲֻɽ簡鿴˿սϯϵ¶Щǵĵ
λʶʱȫض̨´һ˿һ
ͬսҶͺС¶˫ͨ죬ܾûŵҶˣҶǳԵġ
˫Ŀ΢΢һȻ֪ҶȻһͣ߱ǿ⾳
漴ǸһĨЦǿĵһ¶ˣûκвˡ
ԳɫѿΪԶĺС£һݵĿǸӰ۶Сǣðɣ޲ھȥҶ
ˣСֹܵܿǿô򵥡¶ĿעҶϸһЦݡ
鿴Ҷ΢΢һƲ֪һصĺ쵰Ȼôƭһ֡
̨˶һصעŶԷ˫սⲻͣرǣǹս⵽һٽ˫һͬʱӵԷȥ
䣡
ѳûκμɿԵضײһ𣬷һ죬˽µĴؼٹѣӿ
ǲõײǵĻƴֲĵܱӿ
ۣ
ΪĹսߣܲסǹɿֲĵ⣬һѪɫҰֽ
ֲ̫ˣƾ⾳Ѿ˳ܲס˲д󺧣ͬΪɾǿߣҲ̫˰ɡ
ǣ
ѳײ˲ûɿǻƱӣ˽µ̨ϵƼԶӣ˲串ǷԲ
̨Լ޸ܣ϶˵ƻٶȣһʱ޷޸
ȻͬʱһХгݺݵضǰһƣ˺ʮһ˷ܵĿŶԷ
Ǹ̫ྪϲˣҪȫҪСˡƽһصĵ
ҶڷƽϵԸĵľ壬ֻĹ֮ˣʸõ
֣ôȫˣСܲţһֱͬײܵļ¼šҶһвųЦ
ꣿڳйսߣɫŹ֣ҲֻҶĹŻ˵֡
ֻзͺС£֪ҶȥˣҶ굽˶ǿߣټ
ҶһսʤǿһսƽҶ벻ѹ£һ·նɱǿߣ̤ǵʬɽġ
ã
Ҷţƽ˫浶һƥڶ
찡ƻб⻹𣿡ԭսߣΪӦȫһһǲ̽ѡ

ƽָ죬ռ䷢һ죬һɿֲĵƵ
ڳĺ棬Ȼ߶Сڵϣ߶侫װƷһ㡣
ڳû˸ҰĵװƷǸһ֣ÿռŤСգעƽеĳ֮С
߶Сļӳ֮£΢΢һ㣬̰ǹ

ƽеĳǣһǧɳӰֲѹճ˺֮
޽ǵӰ˫Ŀ֮һ˿ͣһۿƽһԴǴӼΪϿĵ֮ġ
Ĳ˵ԣ˶ݣ޽ҲǵǿߣʱѾѷƽԼĵˣ˭Ҫһȥ
ŷһֵĿ߶Сһ˵ƽǳ̨ϣһǸöܵǿնɱ龰
ʱʹҶܹסҶﵱʱ͸ǲǷƽȫһȻӦˡ
һлûʹǿֲƣѾʱǿٱϣŷɲΪҶﵣġ
㲻ҪվסǡСЩ
ԭŷɲ֪ŵվס˺СºͷߣŷɸæǸ¡
㳤ͦģôɵģҶĵһֱû¶ĸʲôС²Ц
ŷʱŻȻѹַͺСһ㶼ģҶﵽһֱûóȫԼ̳ܲġ
ŷƽƣҶһƬȻг˫ֳֵ
ȻҶȫӿͬ纣տʼܲסǹɿֲһ㡣
ҶеĳȻǱòʵ·磬ĵһ㣬֧䡣
쵰СӣһţרĵδɾͲƫƫרעһ޽
ΪǿߣһۿԿҶｫԼȫȫ鶼˳֮УѾǲǼ򵥵ĵ˺һǵһָߵ龳
ϧҶĵ֮мòôһбȻӿֲԽǿߵĶϧ
˵Ѿһּ£˫һۣͬʱһǰն


630 VS
䣡
һ촫ضһɿֲ޾ͬŭΣɢ
˻ų̂ϵĹսߣ׷ɫ䣬ǸܵϢײҲҪˡ
ԭһֱľȻıĻ٣Ȼһ죬̨һ̨࣬Ȼһ
Ƹ֣ԭɫĵ棬һӱ˻ƽɫ̨ܸһĻ
ǿֲײĻ󣬷һ죬Ļ΢΢ǿֲ˱ˡ
Žķ£ڿУֻյǰһԲʮɵĴӣָš
Ұˣ
ƽƽ֮Уһ˿˷ܡ
ֺγԣղһСܲ֡Ҷﲻһ㶵ղһȷʵѷһڵϲƽ
Ҷֵ㲢רһȴ򵶵ΪֺաҪǣһ˼ΪҪĶ˵껰гһ١
䣡
һ죬ƽгһȴһֻ粢޵֮ҲӦ
ˣ˼ңҾκ־Ĵ䣬Ǿһɷָ塱ƽų˫Ŀ֮ȫǿ֮ɫ
Ҷֵܹȫȫĵȴһֱɹߣ㣬ڶ򣬴лҪչˡ˵겻Ҷ˵Ļᣬֱӷɳ̨ʧ˵С
ŷƽȥıӰҶﲻаƽԹȻ죬ֻǶԾһƿҪ죬ղȻһӽһ״̬˸оеĵˣһֵõһ龳
Ҷʤ
Ļ겻ıȫһ󻶺ȻĽЩϣò˵ⳡսǳľʡ
ȻֻΣֲֿƥ˵ģǾһ֡
Ҷոջص̨ϣСºͷӭĻٵ
һ飬С£Գ
С¸Ҫ̨ȻҶһסҶӦС䣡
ҶһȻȻˣ
Ҷ硭С»˵ʲô
ҶźСµ֣΢΢СԴҰɣֻҪһţԶΪڷ絲꣡
˷θԣС˫Ŀһ죬֪Ҷڣ;Բֵġ
ɣ֪¶һЩƣһжûҪҡҶＫΪŵĵͷ
СԥԭȷʵȻն̣޷Գ˼ľȡ
սҲǼΪǿģкܶβѧδʩչľսʤԳҲܽԳеʹ
͵ڸҶﴴҶһ۾Ϳ˼ðա
С£ĻĮ
С΢΢һ£ٵҶģ䣡
С䣬ڳ˲ЩʧȻ˷ΪǿԳҪĿ⡣
ԳҧгݵĿźСС˰ıҶﱧţ˫Ŀ֮еĻ漸ȼճʵʡ
ڳֻҪϹӣܿǶʻʧȥԭʼŭ
ҶһԳŭһͬһըס
ͻŭһǸ̫ˣ˶ĺ춼û취ظ
ҶؿһۣĵҶŮˣ㻹ǻȥϵë˰ɣ
ע⵽Գ£һë˵޷͵ġ
Ҷ仰ԳһδҰˣһ߰Գʱŭ
ҶھҪԣ
Ϲأ̨ȥǱĻһֱӽ׵Գ˳ȥ
Գڹս̨ϣصҶģ·Ҫ˳һ㡣
һ˿ǣûﶯ֣ǿ⣬Ὣֱ𣬾̨ӲҲûá
һ飬¶𺣲ף
̨΢΢¶Ӱ̨֮ϣһصӡ
ȻǸҲǿߣΪɾ۷壬¶ʱȫ䱸š
ôţ˼Ҳ˵ģȳ־ˡ¶ĵ
Ǹ΢΢һ㶣кȻһŭ𣬱һŮã

Ǹӱߵɫֱӳʣߵһ֣ǸӵƼٱͬʱһɫƥɳֱ¶
ǵƥһ̨һȻһּΪĿռ似ܣһ˲佫¶ˡ
û뵽ǣ¶ȻûӦͱǵƥסһ˲䱻һ㡣

Ǹһ֣ʱϲһӡͺһǸӵ¶ʱѿ
ȫһ󾪺֮ǰһֱǿޱȣûһ֮¶Ȼô˶һʬ޴ĲҰܡ
ѽúݵأǾͲҪֽˣ
Ȼһ˶ʱ׹ѣһǿϢȫ
Ҫһö͸ʸı룬ǵ͸ʸ˲䱬Ѫ졣
ѽѳŪأǲ˼¶Ӱڰ֮УЩ˼ĵ
ʱѾûע⵽ǿ̨ѪѪ󷨵գܿʧˣһǰʮǿǿߣôһɱ޲һ亹
Ҷﲻ΢΢һ¶ǿֶΣȻջˣԼ֮Уʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ̺Լ꣬ԸԼϢ겨һģֻҪƣ˭Ҳֱ治Ƿ
ǸǿҲȷʵǹԩģ벻һɾǿߣô򵥵İϷƫƫôϵˡ
Ҳû취Ȼһ򵥵İϷ¶ȴϷĳ뻯ƭ񣬿ڳЩˣûм˶ܹ
ҶҲ¶סһɲǣ뵽һܣ֮ɢ£ҵ¶
¶ʤ
¶΢΢һЦصս̨ҶԳһѾ˰ǿ
һ飬飬

ϳˣһһŮƽŮӣȴһһ㡣
ٺ٣벻ˡǳشкϾɹؾ֮УǶҶһϵҲˡ
ֻҶ죬㲻Ҫ׽һĮĵ
νݣѣҡ

һĽֱȥһӴĻǵĽֱӴ˾Ӱ
˾ǣǵӰȻʧȻһӰ
ûи͵ϮĶϤ֣ǲ£𣿡
Զ鲻ŭ˵ʾ䣬ղҪÿ죬ͱһˡ
Ϊһɱָ֣ˣ㲻Ӧú𣿡ޱ

ҶûڲٵĹЦþʱ߳ŭƫƫַˡ
ߣʵ˫ʶһ£ٷһ棡
˵꣬гȫƱһɽ


631 ˴ǿ
ҪȽ
Ŀ˾һ۵ñˣҿ϶û
һŹֵĿűҡҡͷ죬Цһģ
ԣͿаɡгһڵ
ȻˣͲˣ
Ů˰ûã˷ѿˮгһն
ԭսǣȤĿǿ߶ˮȻһһݡ
һΪ򵥣ȴ˰˸λ۶㵽޷ܿһնɱ

һ죬еĳס˾һصã
˵һ䣬ΧԲ̨һӽ˱˪ֲĺΧսߣе﷢䡣
ÿֲĺ
һȫԪת¸һԲĹȦֵסĺ֮
Ȼ㲻Ǿˣǧ
гڵһ㣬̨Ȼһ󱩶ӵڶһ˲䷽Բǧ̨һ²˺̡
һʱϵ˲ٷϰգո뿪µλãĺֲıˣź⡣
ݺݵһڿˮһӵ²;°ֱð
ɣ
ոնһ٣űһ߳гһ㣬ϵıֱȥХľ磬ռ䶼Ŷ
飡
Ȼһеĳ񱩵һ̫һ㣬ǿĹâֱӽȫ飬Ʋ˥Χ̨Ļֶһζ
ôȥˣʼȥذɣֲ̫ˣгһ佣
ǽһ֣ռ𵴣ҪȥȻˣ
ԭҪƳȥľ飬һûææסһŹֵĿű
㲻֣ȻδþȫҲ֪㻹кܶУαûˣҰѻø㣬˼ȼȥɡ˵һأʧǰֻ¿Цõľ顣
˼Ҷߵķųüľ飬͵Ц
Ҷ΢΢һЦȷʵ˼ֻǲ֪꺮󣬻᲻ģ
˶һı䣬ҹ꺮ӵһЩȻ䣬ֲҹ꺮ϧ
ʱ䣬һݳĶһİĴ󺺡
гһѾ޴ĸͷףҶľǣǸ˾Ȼϲڳˡ
еĴ󸫣ʹõļΪսҲǳ죬һսǿߡ
еĳ֮սһٶغϣⳡսһ
еĹսߣע⼯˵ϣڼˣĿⶢݵϡ
ţ˵ĳһȽͻŶ᲻ͣĲĵطҶҲ̾Ϣɰٴ̴󣬹֮ԣۣ
Ҷո̾Ϣֻ꣬ѾҶ⣬ݺݵŤһʹҶ졣
Ҳ죬˵ĿⶼԼǰȻŭ

вų޹âǣ죬һɿֲĸڶǿֲĻֵͬʱϷ·𸽴˻ҩһ㣬ǡ
䣡
ֵǸǿߣһһ޳æֵϧǿֱֲӽɣڿѪ硣
䣡
ʲôȥˣ
ž
һӳһޣֻŭʶʱ󣬲ɳͬغ«һ㣬Ǳȥ
ʤ
̨ǰݺݵصڳһۣ֮Ա
һϳϳһ˵ĺ䶯ǿʵ°ݣӷǿߵı׼
λðһݣɹؾʼգǸһλ˿Ժڳǿǣ϶ΪмļʿԶõһ
һϳսϯǧǿߣˣ׷׺֡
龰Ҷﲻ΢΢һЦ½ʱҲôĿ
𣬴ѾЩˣʲôʲôҫǸƣʲôǡ
ƫƫ˿͸һЩϡͿĽֽϡ
Ҷ磬Ҽǵ۹ʱҲôĿءʱֻ佫㣬սڴ۹ˡЦ
ʲһҶսڴΪ˱İգսͿ̿ЩһЩĽٵļһȥһЩǿäĿݶѡСҡҡͷ
ˣҶ磬ûгݵˣСºʵ
ȻУ˷壬Դصҵĳݵˣ
Ҷﲻ̾ϧֵ𾴵ˣȥˣֵ𾴵ˣ϶Լˣһ·սҶоԼ˳һ
ʵУҶǶصӢۣ𣬵ش٣㸶̫̫࣬ûбԹԼʹ޷սʤĵˣҲûֻҶӢ۶֡Сһĳݡ
䣡
˵֮ʣ̨Ѿ֣ܹʮǿûһߣ˻ȣ˫֮ɹ裬ϢΪǿ
ϧǣֻʮУͱеǹɨɡ
ǳɵؽ̨ǰĿҶһۣ֮⣬Ա
֮һһǿߣǸǿ߷ǳǿһ塣
սԻ˱壬Ȼһͷǧɵİ׻Ѫ죬Իǿƥ̨ͣز
ιʼ˺ֳһӰӰ֮Уǧһ㣬صסǸǿ߹
ȻԸ౩¶Լ̫ƣʼշأǸǿ߾ùº֪Լ޷սʤֻ֣䡣
֮ʮǿһ飬ܳˣĶһ꺺ӡ
ԭΪǸ꺺ӿԱȵʹһЩ˴ʧǣڵܵľУһʱ䶼ûסͰˡ
ǸеԾͬʱҲΪϧֵܳڣֻľ򣬿ôǿôͱ̭ˣҲҲԽǿ
ǿѾˣǷֱǣҶԳ顢¶ܺݡ
İǿνûһˮ֣ÿһ˶ΪǿĿǰΪֹ˸˶żı˭Ҳ֪ǵļ
ܿҪǿˣǸʱһ˱̭ҪҲˡ
˸ǿߣȫԾǽǺεȵ׳ۣǸ棬˷ܡ
ǿΪϢʱ䣬ϾǿߣҲҪ
󣬵ҶȰ˳ֵʱ涼ˣһ۷սչ


632 ׶
һ飬飬
䣡
űĻٵڴѾõǿڿʼˣʣ°ˣȫǾǿߣѾʼˡ
һ˽һˣαǴΪƴһΡ

Ӱ̨ϣ˫Ŀ磬һĹâ·Խ˴̴ĵ飬ڻοռڣ͵ϮΣɹؾ͵ϮһΣ·ӣ
һƲ죬̲ĵ͵Ϯǿ㣬֪ô
һ˵С󣬽ʶʶʲôʵ
һȣҰɹһһ㣬Ͷ񱩡
һ죬һεĻУžնɱٵƿ˶񵶸һܡ
֮У
Ǹ⻡ҶﲻһһǵԸ벽ʹùǿ벽Կû뵽һ־
һгȫĹսߣһû뵽˰ԵҪ̽͸ҷų˴У֮񽫾¡
һгȻâǣ漴ֻʧ·ֻظƽӹһ㡣
Ҷȴͫһû뵽ȻѾ˲ؽĵľ磬ûڳϣй¶һ˿һǽһ龳
䣡
ƽĳնĹ⻡ϣһ챬죬Ŀֲһô鿴ƽƽһˡ
ô£
ҲûΪǿһô赭дĵסˣ
⣬˶һһʱ侪첻ѡ
Ҳ΢΢һ֮ǰα͵ϮһֱΪѣвûаĵ֡
Ұ⣬Щû취̨ܵľޣ͵һӵĵ棬û֮ˡ
һʾżΪֲսԭ֮ǰҲȫ
ˣ
ƽԼ󣬾Ȼѿ˲ֳɰ˸Ӱȥ˰ѳָ
һ־˵ӰȻȫʵ壬Ƿǰ˸ϻԼ
ն
԰˸飬ɫأû֮ǰĲм˫֮иһѾ޴УС̨Ű˵Ӱնȥ
飡
һ죬Щǣ˸ĺһûԼԤôǿ
ڸղŵһУİ˸Ӱһ˲䱻޴ն飬˸Ӱȫʧ
ǰ˸ӰոʧȻ󺧣һвԱͷ
Ϊʱıһѳֱָıģٶ֮죬޷Ӧ
ҶǵڶμʩչһУһУ˷ƽ
ҶڿĶʵһʼٻǾŸʵ
ڷһɲǣÿռ֮һص֮С
ΪǵڶοҶ﷢֣黯ΪŸսûӣΪֳ˾ŷݶˡ
ΪˣǵӰ֮Уѱ˲
οͬʱְ˸ľ飬˭һעе˰˸ӰϣϢ
ͷƽһһϵˣҶﻹһ˵ķ֣նɱǰ˸Ӱ֮еľϢ˲仹ԭͺһջԼֳɾŷݵ
ظһֱ̣ӷһһϣſֲıҲס
ۣ
ĳֱӴ壬ֱֲӽ˷ĩ
ȫһ󾪺ЩΪǲսʤĳߣ޲Ŀɿڴ
һɱ󣬾ɫ΢΢һ䣬̧ͷա
˳žĿȥ˶ȵŴͣգؿž顣
찡ô£Ƕǲ𣿡
˵սʽѾ˴˵ⷶ룬޲𺧡
벻ȻҲзһг
ɫһƬȷʵзֻһķ鲻ͬ
ķӰȴʵģᱻա
ķͬҲΨһĵڶޱȣû뵽ﱻõˡ
׷Ϊ⣬ֻܹ۳һ۳ڶôһͻʧ
Զɱ־ŭʹģ˫Ŀ֮ȫɱ⡣
˿㣬Ǳɱһôһ׵һı顱ŭڵı飬Ͳ³ȴ˵ŷ
նҷն㱾𣡡
üȻһȫ֮ɢһӽԲ̨ȫ֡
׽
ֲŲ̋ȫֲûžı಻̨һƬ׺
翴Ѿ׺еһУֻܿŰ
ɫһ䣬޾׺֮Уٶܵ˼ƣΪռ֮г˿񱩵ĺܶҲ޷ʩչסˡ
Сӣܲ˰ɣ
һЦ˫һ죬ֻУһֻּ˲һСС
ž
ֻеУǿкϲһ𣬺ϲУγһʮ֣мת̶ļХ޷ܡ
ն
һϺȣеġʮзɳԭֻгƺ󣬼ٱ˲䱩ǵɣһӽ
һɫǰδеأгָա
ˣ
һ죬ռ𶯣ھı󣬸ѪɫӰӣͺúһ㣬ޱȹ졣
ЩѪɫӰһֱֺӱ˳֮У˲Ѫɫռ俪ʼŤ
ѪӰɱ
˫Ŀ֮ȫ֣صɫ֮ǰƤЦȫͬһϺȡ
еѪɫȻâǣƵĲ񷣬ſֲɱն¡
䣡
촫Ұ̨һ񶶣ʹǾӳֺ̨ҲЩܲסϳơ
񱩵ľܿӿײ̨ϵĻֶһҡΣŵĹսɫˣһˣ롣
ǻֶһӺƽϢҲʧˣڿУӸ£ѲŴء
ʱ΢΢һЩϢȻղŵһĸɺܴ
˵Ŀ⣬ʱһȻѾɵ̨£һֱѾʧȻһˡ
ؿһۣû˵ʲôһʧ˵С
Ҷвһ̾ϢЩԩһУպñ֮ˡ
ҾУһս˳ɶʹοһɱȥ˼ҹĶԾȷʵЩ˲
ʤ
Ļٺһȫһ󻶺ЩĳߣǴס
ɨһȺȻ־Ҷصϣ㲻ҪˣҪնɱ㣡
Ҷ￴Ųһḧһ·ĵİɣǺܿͻģ


633 ٶ
ҶĻȫ˵һ˾£ҿڳԣò𾪡
Ҷǿһ޿ֵӣ
ߣҿڴӣôǿˣܣϼ
ǣǿ֮УΪܽǿҲʹȻǿûϷôл֣
ĳ߲޲ðҶһǴ
ҶЩᣬ˵飬һֱڻں²졣
Ҷ硭
İɣЩˣҪ֪ηСҶ￴һֺ˫Ŀ֮һƬ䡣
Ҫȡ۵ĺˣúóǾͲ֪ʲôҶүֻۡ
ϣ۰
Ȼһ¶֪ʲôʱҶߣһϷʿҶͷǶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲΪô¶Ů£
һսѾΧѾʼ½ɢΪһսҪУûʲôԸɵȡ
нŮ˼ҿɲҵأǧĵǰⲻǹ𣿡¶΢΢һ㷢¶һЦݵ
ҲлΪǵĽѽСµǺܷŵÿЦ
Сã̽𣿡¶Ц˵ʵҶȷʵϲ͡أ˷ǳ̰ģȥñ˷ҵˣأǴɷģǲ˵ģ
ҶﲻһΣôôأɫ¶ŮΪ˱ļɣ
ļһ棬ñŮӣڶأһæ¶Ŀ֮һ˿
¶Ŀ⣬Ҷﲻɵ￩һ£ܾŮеһƻĺ꣬һĿĹġ
Ǹʲôæ˵˵Ҷﲻɵӣûһڰѻ˵Լء
İɣʲô£㿴ҡ¶˵꣬ߵҶǰĿ˵ķϡ
¶ľһңǽ뿴ţһֺݺݵҧһڵĳ嶯
¶׻ҶѾŵһӿ졣
ҶоЩѹ֣˺һְȫ롣
¶Ȼ֣һ§סҶĲӣһӣݺݵӡҶϡ
СºͷһĶһʱ䲻֪ǸóֺãǸðĿš

ҶȻһҽУһѽ¶ƿ÷ͺС²ǣҶϾȻѪˡ
вҧˡҶ촽ϻʹŭ벻¶ŮˣȻŪֶ硣
вأˣˣҪĶѾõˣ
¶ͷһǵѪĿ֮ȫıóѵЦݣһתʧҶǰ
ʱҶѾת촽Ѿ쳣ֲ˵Ů˴ģʱҧˡ
Ҷ类ǿˡС²ڿЦ
ҶлûطأС¾ȻЦԼ򵨱һ˵Сߣס
С·һУֻгͱҶĴסˡ
ǿǣǵúС»糺죬ǰš
ȫ˶ˣǻ𣿡Ļ궼ı
Ҷʱŷ֣񳡵ϣֻʣˣ߹ˡ
ŶŮҲƻصסҶǣ˶ûȻڼ
ʱֱѾҲȫѾָһҶͼΪĵʵ̫ùˣȻɥǣ쵰רſң
Ҷ΢΢һЦ鵹һĺԸĲҰܣȻû
ӦȥǸɥȥʲôҶûĵ
ιôôûҶˣҵ㰲ο𣿡Щĵĵתһ
ŷ˵кþƣóΪֲֵһϵĴ˰ɣ
Ҷб۾žȾƶǺȵθģëϵ˵ûûεļһ̸ʲô鴴ˣŵĽڣԼ𣿡
͡СºͷҲ̲סˣ׷ڿ͵ЦҶĻʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ侮ʯ˵ľˡŭˡ
˵ôϻȾƾֱ˵ӶȦӵˣȥ˶йһȣ˶ֵ㡱Ҷ
úСºͷ벻ǣǿƥɱ֣Ȼȥ֪ͨˡ
ʱҶסҺζƮ䣬ķҷ޴ڡ
ھĸ£ŷɡƽȫˣȥ¶ʱ򣬳ϵǣһ󷽵¶Ȼܾξ硣
ǣһԾɽĴ£Ȼʲô£һ㶼û͸
㰡ÿôһ٣ʮ꣬еʹͿȬˡʮ룬ЩƮƮɵĵ
ҪģûôҪģñ˵ˣܸң˲Ҫ𣿡ҶһĵĿž
Ҳһƣһȹ⣬һĵ˵ʲôû壡
Ҷôƽ˼ȻʵѾȫɾ۷ˣе֣Ϊβͻ
ƽ΢΢ҡͷҶֵܣ̫ˣɾͻһḶ́һƧ֮رչءڼȻѾ̭ǿ󵽵˭ܳΪȹھվھ֮ϣ޷ıչذ
ҲǣȻҶԴȲ̫ȤҺ뿴Ҷܹߵ΢Ц
ϴһΪһŷɷǳӵĵ
һǲˣʣµЩɥǣұƳһЩ⣬ˣûôԳ¶ݡǵܣδʾʵ󣬿¶ǿĵƣҶȻҲеƣһǲ̫㡱ĵ
ȻɥǣӮңҪΪ̫ңҲòǿ󡣶ҹƣսʱп˳ɵʵûó
ʲôŷɴһǿսȻֻó˰˳ʵ
仰ǴӾĿдһ˵֮Աǡ
Ǿ׿˵ģô;Բм٣ô˵ĿģҲΪ˾ҶϾǳɱҶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦֻȾƣ̸ôصĻ⣬ǶҾˣҪ֪˼ҵ̣û¾ͶҴҲŶԣ
Ͼ룬һ֣صĵףֳ߽ɨ̨֮񹦣һƨһƬ
ȥ
ȫЦһţڻֵУʱܿȥǿĵڶԿʼˡ


634 
ԲĻƽɫ̨ϣԶԶȥһһֺгĵϣǳøС
ԴӲμӴһǲ²𣬾һʿһ㣬˷ǳ͵ĸо
Ǹսǿߣʹˣȴûκ˶һ˿Թŭʷǳۡ
ⳡԣ֮ĶԾһۣվĶ棬ףŲɣĿ⣬һַǳЭĸо
ȻЩ죬˸СһƽľȻ濴ȥǳͨ˭Ҳ֪ж
֡΢΢һȭһѧһ
ֿˡ΢΢һЦ
Ϊͨ죬СӦùǣѾƿʼ޷ͻơν֮ϣǿһսͻֻúճˡЩǸĵ
ǫˣܺһ£ԹɭĲ֮ءܼΪڴĵ
˶Ի֮ʣȫѻȸܺһĴڣǵܣʼգֻʹùһС
ΪֹֻƿľЩɣǾֻһаɣ
ĻҪ˻˻Ϊеޱԩ
ųеӰ΢΢һͷȻǰ벿ȻζͷϷȫѹںˣδҲ̫䳡
ڵǵ͵Щ±˲֪ԼһζչԼǣֱԶ޽Ҳһ̾ĵ
䣡
̨ϵѾ֣Ȼǿڵչʱֻ΢΢һΣƽĵܵľ
ˣƽ˾˲нкá
ܵľ̫ʹЩܵǿߣ˵һʲôĸоֻ֪ԼǵУֻͶûһķء
ƽĵܵľôʱͿԷ˶ʮڴǲһʳԱ죡
ˣ
һͺȣռ䲻ͣض·Ҫ߸һ㣬ҵ𶯣˷Բѹɢ
ս̨ϵǿǣɫ԰ףǹѹֲ̫ˣȻŻ֣ͷ
䣡
Ȼռ䱬飬һߴɵľ޴̨ϣ֦ڶ֦ÿƬҶϣơ
Ǹ޴һ֣ڳ˶һʵ̫ˣï֦ܵҶȻ̨˴롣
ǳı壬Сˣ
ˣ
ռһ죬ҶͬʱŹ⣬Ҷ罣ʸŵȥ
ҶƿռͷƤ飬ľսһĿŵܱҶû
䣡
̨һζɫĵ棬ܲסǹɿֲѡ
ƣڳĹսߣɫ԰ףĹѾǵɾ
ҶŰһһ㣬Ȼһ죬ҶֹͣŰһɿ񱩵˺ѡ

ֻܻ⣬һִգâҫۣΧɽŰɽΧҶն
Ȼ˷һȻϳ
֮ѾʧôʹãǿߣȻ˽⡣
Ľɫɽûκ⣬˫һϣָ죬ָأһŹӡ

һͺȣǾ޴ϸ򳤱ޣƵŵܾȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ιϴǿһֱûСǵ͹
˫ڿмٽӡΣɽپ£һһۼһ𣬽ܻģת̶

ܼɽȻڽײǿ֦ȻԳܷƥɽи
ǿ
Ҷ￴֦ɵһ̾ǿ壬ʵڿֲ
ҶȻ׳ʣһôǧ
⣬ҲֻܱմȵĹƽԣӦһƽļ㹫ʽɡ
ˣ
һ죬벻ǣײȻռϷ磬֦ܵɽ֣֮ذ֦ľ£ɽ֣֮ԽתԽ
ΧСˣõܵɽתĿռԽԽСԽԽѣһõ˾
ȻܷһǾǵ͹ļͳ̶ȣɽն֦ϣᱻжȥ󲿷޷նϡ
ǵʱûиڵĻᣬһ˲佫ΧסΣ֮С
Ҷ磬ǸÿֲܺҪˡСЩϧĵǸжϴӦòһûκϣˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦС㻹̫СˣǸǳֲûΧʱһƬƽ𣿡
䣡
ҶĻ䣬̨Ϸһ죬ֲڶһնصĻͷ
ԭѹСռڵĵܣȻɽϣ˽ɫķģɢſֲѹͿ˻ҩһ㣬ֻҪͻᱬը
ղһɽֱӽ֦ȫ顣
Ƽתֱ£ղŻΣֵĵܣȻϮһش
ղһ£֦ȫ飬նȫֽţתʵ̫ˡ
ֹȻǿȻȫ֦ϣƽһǳǿһСˣ
ˣ
޴һԭЩϵ֦ȻȫɹϢɴ۷״̬
찡̫̬˰ɣôصƣ˲ָӶͻˡ
ղһ˶Ϊսˣû뵽̫̬ˣȫָϢһû½
䣡
ռһ޴֦Ӱһ𣬾һɱһ㡣
ⲻǼ򵥵ۣҶϵķȫ𣬽۵һ
ˮΣûκǵˮλһ𣬾γŭΣɴɽ
һԭԭֻʺģ¶ģ²Ϊ޷̻ôĵ
ۼһÿռ䲻ͣزǿֲرɫ
һֱƽϣڸֳأ˫ڿмٽӡΧɽۼһγһ޽
ͬʱһͺȣһѾ쳤ޣһ޽ݺݵضײһ
䣡
ǱĻ겻ڱɫһ˫ͬľһĴ֣һ̨һΪתס̨
񱩵Ű͵ܵӰ֣ǰƽɫ̨һƬָţĴѾʧˡ
̾˿ˣ
˵껰ŵһȭתʧ̨ϣȫĹսߣŷӦһĺȲⳡսʵ̫ˡ
ܿıӰ˫Ŀ֮иһĨ壬ȫ뿪Ҳɢȥ
һԿʼˣһǿһϳȫڣΪϳֵɫŮ


635 ˫֮ս
ŮļΪ𱬣Σ˫ŭͦ޷ܵǣǶͬ޳˼¡
¶ݣ¶ǳݣҪʤһڡͦΡϣȴżơ
˳Ůˣһ̨ȫǣЩˡ
Ůӣ˫ӦҶԺУȻһǰʡԶ
ãðĽ¶ǸһĨ˵΢Цݡ
ѹҶǸСɫǣһֱ͵͵㿴ȻȽϣ
ҶɫһڣôҲǹҹ⿴Ҳ˵ҳʲô
¶ܹ֣ϴκȾûųԼڱչأҿڿ˵ҪһĴ¡
ʱҶֻ˵ЦѣǺսܣһȻҲûйսⲻЩˡ
ôؼսȻҲȱϯ̫˾ù죬ڼˣһϳ̡
ͺС¿һڵҶֿ̨ϵ¶ݣ͵͵һۣ˶ԷеĨϷʣҶ絽ǸѵǴ˵е
˵ǸͷСɫǣߣһСˣҲ͸ҶȺ͵ѣһ㵨ûСĿһȺеҶͦһͦ˫塣
ȫ˳ݵĿҵҶһЦ֮ζζЩ˻Ҷһ˼ҶˣҲͦͬġ
Ҷﲻŭֱ۸ˣʲôǸУͶǣ
ǿЩЦԷǣȴûпڣǸĻȴǳҶӣȵѾʼڲսǳ֣
Ҷһζһ˿һ˿меôһ¡
¶Щεʼãп̸Ǹɫǵ£ǻдһ°ɣҪŶ
гһ˲˻ɫڿһսȻĵҲҪСģݿǲֵģ

¶֮ǰЦȻ̧гһֻʸ
ֻʸǳְͨ͸״СҲͨʸһθͬǣ渡ֳϸС··һ㣬ɢֲѹ
ǵʸ˫Ŀ֮¶һ˿ͣɽ޵ı棬һ۾ͿԿǵ֮ʵ̶ȣѾﵽһּ¡
ͨһ򵥵ĶͿԿ¶ֱ֮Ȼ纣ޱȼʵ
֮ʸ
¶һ죬ǵʸһ⣬ݷȥٶȲ죬ɫȴޱء
Ϊ¶磬ȻǸһʸȴ̺֮
ˣ
ݳһϻڣ裬ͬʱϷĸ֣ͬŭһ㣬ǵʸȥ
飡
޸ǵʸײһ죬һѹܼɢǵĻס

ǵѹɢʱԺһʹɵôгѾܵˡ
˾ನǫ̂еݣóܴѹ
˽Ŀתʱͬһս񣬾ȻκӰ졣
ǷﾪĵӣڻƿأѾ΢֮ȻԵֵ֣֮޽һ˿͡
Էﾪĸ߰ôƽӣѵһʣзﾪԽ̵սޱߣ¶⺢ӲǶ̨֡ϵӰ
ҲδĵӰԭΪóرԴΪ˽δء޽٩
ˣرԴҲǻԵɺϲŵõģҲ֪Ӧ˶ôһֱߣΪ˵ȵӦ֮֡ǰЩӣرԴȻüΪԾӦԤʾӦ֮Ѿ
޽ʱȻѹ㽫ԭıرԴԭԵɣ
ȵһĽǼƷѾǿ߶ۺıˡرԴԴһµĽǿߣֻرԴ˭Ǹδ֪ζĵ
䣡
ı죬ʸͬһ£г޷裬죬׷׽顣
䣡
ݺȻһıϵĻ汩ǣһ˲串ǷԲǧȻֱӽ¶С
¶ֽӡһǻֵΧʮ⣬ͬʱжһ͸֮
裡
гޱǳǧɣڿлĻӰͬ籩һ㣬¶
¶΢΢һû뵽ݵĻ֮˻籩Ĺÿһ̲ſ񱩵޷ֵ
ܣ
ڿӡĹѾܶԹֻܷˣǰóһ޴ķĶܡ
䣡
ݵĻ޳ڷĶϣһ죬ǷĶܣΪͣȻʱֵסĹ
ȥǾͳսˣȻݶԼţԺûսΪǿݣͬʱҲûаĺԷ
ȻгޱɱֱһһĻ֮˫űӣȫתΧŰһ˼¡
Сˣն
еĻϣҪնȼճ޵Ŀֲ¶ն¡
¶ڸֳ֮ɫݵĹ̫ǿˣԶԶԤϣ֮ǰսУɵսûʹ񱬷ȫ
̫ǿˣشԵĸԣʺص̫ˣ
λ̨۵ķǳе㿴һһش˵ʲôʱˣ߱£ش粽а
λҲս̵СһģԺػŮһҪ㿪
κȻһŮӣƿڴ׳˵ʲôأʵô
һ㶣ͷһǸŮӣͬʱһ˿ΪǸŮǡƽ塣
䣡
ڼ˳Ƥʱ¶˫еĳâǣֱʣת˼£һնݵĻϡ
Ļһ龰æּӴֵ̨ǿȣֹй
εĽ¶ʮȻڸղŵһϣ·硣
¶ǸһĨЦݣһ̨ϵҶҶﱻһۣ֪Ϊʲôое㷢ë
ڷǰ£ڳһͼ˫Ŀ֮һƬ飬ӣ
ٻ֮
ռһ󲨶¶ǰֳһӰǸӰֵʱȫ˶ˣһʱѻȸ


636 Ҷ﷨
ٻ֮
ռһ󲨶¶ǰֳһӰǸӰֵʱȫ˶ˣһʱѻȸ
˿ǸӰ˫۶ͻˣһĲ˼顣
СºͷǸӰĿ֮ȫ֮ɫסӣڡ
ֻҶ￴ǸӰʱȫһһȻ󲻽ŭûи
¶ٻǸӰۼ׷裬˫Ŀǳɢ޵еϢҶﻹ˭
ڳһĿǸӰٿս̨ŭɽҵҶһʱ
ǸӰʱЩŭĵӣôԣĲ֮أΪǿ꼼ٻ֮ô˷ˣ
˲֪еǻ޾£Ƕһһ
ǿ켼֮һëѪҺΪһľѪΪΪԼһ
ᵽҪᵽ֣ͷԼΪ۳һӰӵԼһСܹڿռͣʱǳ̣һӡ֮УӦá
һиõģԵѳרΪһЩ߶Ĳܹ°빦ЧɽȽϳ
ֻʲôսͨչأȡɹˣԵʺս
ľǷǽԼһѪֱ꣬Ӵӱжͨġ
ҷǳǿǷǳǿĸսľӰһοԷѳŸʵ壬һּΪķ
𾪵ǣķʵ֮䣬ʹɱҲûʲôʧ¾ۼ
е˾ͲһˣΪй⣬ֻһֻһʧ󣬲ſԼһ
ǰжɽķٻ֮۳ķͷǳˡ
ٻ֮ʹѪҺëΪӣ۳ķһʵսѪɿԽռڸ
ѾʮˣĻںߣٻ֮۳ķŸƶİ˳ս
ٻ֮һǳϧֻͨΪﵽ۷֮󣬾óɳŻʹܡ
ΪҲһȱݣǾֻܸƸԼͬ׵ķ߳ԼʵĶ޷Ƶġ
ԻǿߣΪﵽ壬£ͻٻ֮ʹó
еĻǿߣǽٻ֮ڣΪǿ޻ϡ
깥Ϭƥ壬ӵһǿ޻޷ǾͿֲǵĲ㣬ս쭡
¶ôͽٻ֮ˣķһҶֱ˷ѣѹֻҪɫѿ
ҶɫȻҪѿΪСѾٻ֮Ҷ˵һ
ʱΪ¶䣬ȻҧˣԭΪȡԼѪҲʱ͵͵õë
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ǵӰһ֣ݵϢһӣÿֲޱȡ
Ҷ﷨ȻһڿаڳһӡǸӡҶﲻɫһѿ


637 ҶVSԳ
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ĽǣһԳҶоսⳡսľʳ̶ȣȻǰ𺳡

ҶԳӰ̨ϣΧĹսǷһ컶ڴѾõʱˡ
һǴǿһľţһǴŴɫʣֻжʮһ𣬵˭ǿߣ


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Σθ˳ײһҶĵϸͬʱ飬Ҳˡɫ΢΢Щء
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ʹҶһΪ侲ˣǧǿߵź뻶ҲѪӿһսڶ
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е˼ҪһȭͰ˾̫û˼ˡԳĿҶ˫Ŀ֮һ˿˷ܣǿһȤһ㡣
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˵ҶȻҪʤһ˿ⲻΪŭΪԳֲƣȻһСѹסˣеΪ衣

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ԳѾǿĵ˼飬ҪһʮɵҰʽҪҶܣʱҶܼ׾
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ˣ״̬£һġ˷һ͸ȫ˷֮ɫ
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찡ǺεȵһЩ˿Ŵͣûתκȫ˿ֲĳ
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ʹ̨ǿһʱҲ޷ôĴ˸޸ھ޿ӵߣӰ΢ЩǱ
Щ𣬲ս죬˫Ŀ֮ȫǻһķâضŶԷ
һʱ̿ˮ⵽ʲôﰡǿײ˾ȻûôˣϢûôҡ
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𣬲ǹսǹĵģҶԳԳ˫Ŀ֮¶һ˿ȡ
ܺãȻôǿ󣬵ȷҵϣôʸһˡԴӳһδ֮ͬʹùһϣҲˣ
ԳɫһĨׯϣһ˿Ȼһŭȣ˱һرɫµ̨˲顣


640 ˷
Գ塪֣
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һ죬һ󶶶񱩵˹Ļɫ䣬ȻЩܲסǹ

޽һӣؼһ󲨶˶۾ǰһȻԼȻ͵⡣
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龰ǲһ£ǽ֣Ǻпֱӱǿֲನˡ
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ʱԳѾԳ˱壬һʮɵĽԳȣͷϸһķԡ
䣡
Գڵһ̤ԭ̵̨ʱһƬһŶʮĴӡ
һƬȻѹԳ˵Լδͬ׶ʹùΪ̫ǿˣ֮ͬУֵʹԳ塣
Գ壬ǴԳһطǿƥԳţȻֻɾͽԳھأǾˡʮɶߵԳ
Ҷ֪жôСҸ߹ĽԳǰʲôǣֻҽ²ʸڹ£ҿ㲻ԳԻ͸ޱȵ
Ҷ￴Գûʲô飬ûоȣҲûгֻǾôҲ֪Щʲô
˰ɡСֹȻѾͳ֮⣬˶ɾǿߣĿ̨ǱߵΡ
ⲻϻҪ²˼ҶڿҪҪƴ˲мĵ
ƴëԳԻٻԳ壬ʱѾŸսʵˣʱƴ𣿡˲мĵ
Ƕƨ˼ҶʲôʮһΪɾڣŶòƻûڣսǶƴģ׷ķ𣿡ΪҶﱧƽ
۷׷֮ʣҶ̾Ϣһĵϧˣεģûԣ
һ㶣׹ζһ֮ɫСӷ𣿾Ȼ˼ң
໣
ԳһŭΧ˹ֲѹڶҶȻʳǶ衣

һֻ޴ȭͷ˿ռľ룬޾ĻϢҶ䡣
Ҷ￴ԳȭͷǸһĨЦҲǱ¶һʵʱˡ
󡪡壡
һ쳹ƶ䣬ǳҡҷͬʱһɿֲϢֱʡ
޽ͬʱͫһʹһУ¶ҶͲʹһУ¶ʱ˻ȥ
ǿ۹εϬһ۾ͿǸʽһֱЩɲϾһпһĲ֮أδеֵز
Ҷ󳤴ǧɵӰʹǿߣһ
ԾĲΪȫϳ˷ͺС⣬û˲Ծġ
ʱҶﱬƣȻһֶĤݵĳ嶯һֻߵĽ˴ĵ
Ҷ⻹󰵽Ľ׺󣬵һٻ󣬴ʱӰǻƽɫǰɫ
ϴһˮڣʹ壬ڿֲĺˮУʱ̶ֲѹΧûϸı仯
ʹȫÿһϸޣڵŭҪйһ㣬ԳһȭҲҲһȭӳ
䣡
ȫһ֮£̨ʧԲʮﱻһ׵ĴӣϮʹڰ֮ǣһľ
ۣ
һѪǸϿȥֻԳȻǱرɣǿѪġ
Գˡ˷һ
Ҷ૵ĵǰǿߣҲؼģֻ޳սѣδ˵ƽ𾳣˵𾳽硣˲˼ǣȻܹ壬ҪõѪĴУİ
޽ҡͷҪõһľѪǸܵģȺ߰ļһôԼľѪ˵õ
ˣҲЩİЩǵĵһ壬ȻѾǧṳ̂ɽ磬ǲǲɽĶһ֪һľѪ¡
ǻҶѪ·޽ɫ΢΢һ䡣
·Ⱥ߰ļһĻ̣һڰǧǰģѪǿ׷ɱһߣһҹ֮Ѫ屻𣬾ѪĽǿߣûӳȥ壬ôԼѪ̾Ϣһ
޽ɫ䣬ЩĵĵѵҶˣ
˵һ弸ǧǰȻʧ̤ɽ磬ϣǲõϢɡֻôοԼˡ
ʲô壬һԼӵľѪ޷ʵģοһ壿
λ˵֮ʣԳһ𾪵ĿҶ˫Ŀ֮һ˿ޱȽޱŵϣȻһ塣
ʲôԳŭ
λ⣬ǸĻ٣û֪Ҷ󰵽
Ϊһ˿ڷǳϡ٣Ҽ̤ɽ磬һ˽⣬϶ԴһЩ˵
һһ̤ɽ磬Ѿȥ˰ǧ꣬ɽˣһЩʯ⣬Ѿˡ
Ҷһ׳յ㵱ǰ׳հôڿҪɱңƾʲô㣿
Զս¶ȫǼɫһѱסСºͷ˷ܵĵ׬ˣ׬ˣû뵽ҶȻôǿ󣡡
Сºͷ΢΢һЦ¶飬ǵԤ֮УΪ֮ǰ¶͸߹ǣġҶӵҶ˳սǿԳɳ͡
Ҳ˵ֻҪҶﲻķԶӵҶ˳սӵУҲͬӵУҶΪôġҶҲˮǴߡ
ǣġҶǲ֮ʹˣǿ۵ġ
Сºͷ켼ܸˣͬʱҲ¶ĵԼҶ飬ڲ֪Ҷȫʵ£ҶȷʵǶҶһ̰ͼս
дţȻкñһıһǿڣʲôģ
Ҫڿֻһ֣Ժ󻹻оϲŶСζЦ
ԱߵŷɡƽһݣȻͺС£˽Ҷˣǵ˵Ҷֲ̫ˡ
ԳҶԭһ𾪣Ȼŭ죬ô󣬻ǵһαš
𣡡
ԳһȭݺԼϣһѪȴһץסͿĨڶͷϡ
ѪͷϵѪ·պֳһ޴Ӱֲôػݡ


641 ͼ
ȻѪ֮ԬҪƴ˰΢΢ҡͷ
ƴаһ壬ǺεȵĴڣǿᣬҶٻİ״̬ĸ壬ǿ̶ȣѾ˼Ϊֲĵز޽
սǣѾɵԼ̫СˣЩڴϴʣͷǣǷԼ뷨ǶôĿЦ
ͬʱҲҶ֮ǰͳսʱ˵ĹĻʱ߳ˣ˸ǿ߲һģһָ
ʱ˸ţ˵˲ţ󲿷˶ţΪҶǹ
ҲûжҶĻһ˿ɣǿսǰ֮󣬾ѾٻҶĻˡ
ҶԳĴսΪҶﵱʱ˵ĻЩǫˣǿߣóֻ֣Ҫɢƣܹǿߡ
ɽĿֲȻͬɾǿߣֱԶûһ˿ɱԡ
𣡡
ԳֳǸԳӰֱһأûκԥһȭӳƳգ·Ҫػƾˡ
ҶǸһĨ΢Ц˫Ŀ֮һ˿ȣԳǿǾͿ˭ǿ
ԳȫһȭҶһһϺȣףɫȭͷһµĻߣӭԳһȭ
һ죬ƣ޹⣬˶ǿ񱩵ˣ˸ո˳Ȼͬʱ𣬻ȭͷݺԷ
飡
飡
飡
ı죬ôزͣضգֲ̳ŭһ㣬ӿ
ʹŰ֮ңǶǹɿֲϢɫ԰ףɾǿһβʡ
˶Թ˼ʮУͣ飬󵽼£ƶɢһ㡣
þûôҵսˡ޽żսеӰ޵
ǰȻδǰЩ䳡ľʴսҪֻǿսѡЦ
Ҷһվ죬ȻǳԬҶﲻòϣԬΪֹΪǿǿߡ
ԳһȭҶȴûӲƴһִֻԳ޴ȭͷϣֱӽ˦ɡ
䣡
ԳһֱҶӲƴû뵽ҶȻʹһУûз֮£ֱӱݺݵˤڵϡ
Ϊб˦ɣŴֱӹǧ֮ң̵Ĵأ˳һֱĴ󹵡
飡
Գ˦ΪǿȻûˣһĵ棬ͬһڵһֳ嵽Ҷǰ
䣡
Գֲսɲǿ󣬸սҶȣԶһʱ䱻Ҷ˦ΣȻûˣӷǳǱ
֮ȫԳĴ󹵣ݺȥΪˣԶǣľսĿӰ
ҲбȻ¶ˣ׼ԳҶ˼
ŶʮһСӣתߣҲǷӡߣȻûһ˵ԸͿݳȵԸ񣬻ǿ¡޽ͷ
΢΢ҡͷЦɿˣ¿û˱ˣĽڹһ㵹Ǹһһģһ
䣡
ԳѾǵھŴα˦ɣȻ˲أһ·ͷǣޱȵǱ
ҶƴǸƴɣĶ̰塣
ϾǽԳһӣ̤磬ڱͬǿд裬϶ƴŷһʮɡ
һʮûҲҪԱϣһ£ôɡͽסˡ
Գûн۹⣬ΪҶƴˣϣԸ
һ취ûУ۴УɱˤļΪǱҶһһֲ˵ÿζǽ
ʹԽԼ˦ԽԶⳡҲûбҪȥˡ
ԳȻһ˿âһα˦ٴҶ˵;УкȻһ
ʮɳһһ㣬沼˸ͼʱЩͼȻһɿֲķغ˲ֱӡ
Ǹӳ֣Ҷ׵壬һǿһ˲䣬ͷܵ˼Σա
ȥ
ԪеͼݺݵضҶХľ磬ɽ顣
Ҷ˫Ŀһ䣬ֱϵĸ·ȭǾ޴ȥ
飡
Ҷȭͷ֮һɲǣķ֣̺żΪֲȻһ˲佫ֱ飬ͬʱһɴ
Ҷɼصɳȥֱӷɳʮ֮ңΧĴɽײ촷ۣƼΪˡ
ۣ
һѪҶо˸ͷһ㣬д󺧣⵽Ǻε
һʱȫ˭Ҳû뵽ԳȻ˿ֲľУһҶˡ
СºͷҶ˲һȻԶԶǵԤϡ
СϸԳеʱɫʱһ䣬Ŀ֮ȫǷŭ֮ɫ
ܿһҶ˫Ŀ֮һĨ壬ݵԳʱ΢΢ҡҡͷ
Ҷﻺվ֮תֱһ˲΢һֱۣԭûа𣬲̾죬ԼҲǲ֮ˡ
һȻûнҶɱԳͫһһӴϸĳҶ
Ҷ̾ϢһȻԳһӣȻôֲĵƣԼҲòűˡ
ҶҪʱ򣬺Ȼһ
Ҷʤ
е˰;еԳȻһЩŵĿűĻ٣ŭ˵ʲô
˵ҶʤǱĻޱĵ
ΪʲôһûءԳ󺰵ڳ˼ЩɵˣռϷ磬ôˣ
ʹ˱Ļٵ
ʹñôˣȹû˵ʹñԳһеĳŭ
ʹñģǰýʹͼ㷸棬ȴʹͼڵͼ֮Ǹ㡪֣ҶʤĻص
ԳеͼǽԳһ̺ͼ֮Գһڡ
Գһ壬ѪУÿ˵ͼͼڵǲһġ
ԳΪԳһӣеͼǾԼӳֹģһͼڣͻᱬǿӳøǿ
Ҷﵱʱ֮³˴ʹ£ɱһֱۣɼͼжôֲ
ҲҲʹñкõҲʵһ֣ƾʲô䡱ԳȻ޷ŭ
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ռȻһ޴Ӱ֣һֱɫ֣صһŭԳϡ


642 
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ռȻһ޴Ӱ֣һֻɫ֣صһŭԳϡ
ԳӦûӦͱһɣغ«һ㣬Զ
ȫ˶һֻһĸߴˣĿ磬һŭĿǱԳŭȵԳһˣҹȥ
Գһ˵׺󣬻һ£Ҳҿһһ˴Сһ㣬ͷɥ뿪ˡ
ĸߴӣԶĻ޽΢΢һȭȮ񣬸λ鷳ˣ
޷˾͸ˣҪе㳯΢΢һЦԳе簡
ŵһѹһƽԳɣԳһƢûУԭӣһǿߡ
㲻аǸĶӣ˲İԳתͷҶСֵܣԲˣҴԳǸ
һ䡰Сֵܡһ˶һýǿߣԳһ䣬Ȼƺ
ֻһֿܣԳԤУҶｫﵽͬĸ߶ȣ򲻻ƺġ
һʱ˶ЩɣҶҲЩˣƺ죬ҲЩ
ǰˣͷƺҶ﹧һȭĵ
Գ˫Ŀ֮иһĨͣͷ֪СֵܣԸԳһ壿
Գ⻰һ˴һôʼˣҲ̫ļ˰ɡ
Գ죬ûиǿԳһȥԽ˰ɣ
Ȼһһǧ쳵֣쳵վһλߣǴ߿д
Գ΢΢һЦҪ˵Ȼռһ𵴣ϼ⸡֣һķ
һͷǧĹŷ渡ϼ˫һչһִһҫۣ޷ӡ
زͣ𵴣нǿߵ޲رɫ
Ҷһ𾪵ĿţЩ½ֵǿߣȻȫǽǿߣת·ڳһ㡣
սߴʱѾڵϣЩǿߵĳ֣ûɢƣȴ֮ϣ˳׳
˶ĵĳ羴ΪվڵϣǶԽǿߵһ£ϺѹѹĹһƬ
ЩǿǣȻԴϰΪ˫ĿȺвͣɨӣϬĿ·һۿɽ˿

ռһ𵴣γֵˣûаƣôƽĳˡ
Ůӣǿȥʮµ󸾣һǽǿߣһ˵ʱ˲һ
ΪǸòٸȻֻھΪһ֣ǸٸҶ￴˫Ŀ֮ȫ顣
Ҷﲻŵĵ̣
ǺСµĸ׺κڷʱһֱչҶһĸһʼչעҶ
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Ҷﲻһᣬ᲻ȻκǺСµĸףҶûҵԼĸ֮ǰһֱԼĸס
ٴκ¶ҶﱶůҲס˳
Ҷһǿƣսݺ޵Уı䲻ˣǸӡ
ǰһ¶ϧκ§ڻУźκ˽ĸЩ֡
ǶžˣӦø˲ŶԡʱСºͷҲҶǰСȰ
κתΪϲҶᣬǰ̲ãС˵ĶԣǸø˲Ŷԣúӿð̺úÿ
κҶﱥ˪Щʹĵӣˣ㱳Ķ̫ˣ
̣û£ҳŵסκĻҶˮ˶Եһ档
ҲֻкκԼĸףŻ͸αװһۿеƣ塣
˵ˣҸһ£Ǿβһ峤̽κҶǸٸ
ҶæҶǰ
̽ûһ˿ӣ΢΢һЦҪƺʲôǰˣ̫ˣƾСµĹϵҲҾβһŮˣɴ̰̰ɣ
Ҷжɽľβһܰʣæؽһ̡̰
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Ҷ΢΢һ㶣׹źκһ
úӡκĵĲˣƺ˺ܾˡ
Сһҿˣȴ̵ģȻһѾϵҶϣ챻ųɺ߲ѡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦСҪһ㣬㿴Ҿһ㶼ߣ
Сˣ΢΢ЩȻҶһЦס˵֣÷һů
κ΢΢һЦҶԸһûԼŮһ˶ռҶ
ϲ̽βô˼֪ʱԳѾЦ
̽ЩΣϾϵǲġοеԲԳ⺢ˣ
̽⻰ͼˣӵѡǵɣʲôԲһ˵ԳӸҹ˵Գһȡ

ʱԳ˴Сѧͷ˹
ҶǸԳһ
ҶԲԳʱйƤ򣬿ԼĽż⣬
Ҷ΢΢һЦɷҶˣ˵һ֮飬ʵҶﺹգ
㿴˼Ҷ˼ҲŶʮһ꣬ûͷ˼ұ㶮¶ˣ²ӡԳŭ䲻ĵ
ҲȫֺɡԳЩίĵ
ô㻹ˣԳŭ
ϲ绨׷СõģҡԳֹ
е绨ԳһŮӣ÷ܵ׵ŲԸ׷С£ĽСĺС£׳˶绨˳ۣΪŲԸΪ֮
ߵǣԼѾˣС»飬Ҷŭһ˿Ƕûˣо춼Ū
㡭ԳһڣһӣҪһӣ̽һסˡ
ǵ飬ͲҪˣʡĲ𣿡̽ҡͷ
̽ڣٰˣԳĲ٣ҶҶֵܣ֮ǰᣬǸٺ٣ҾͿ԰ĸ绨һˣһлл㣡
Ҷʱʼĩҡҡͷԭһĵᡣ
Ҷ֣ЦǾ͹ϲˣ
Գ΢΢һ㶣벻ҶﾹȻôˬԭˣҪҶˣһȻЩֱǲ
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Ҷֽһ˺ȻӹЦ֮ǰĶԹһЦ
½нǿߵǿǣŵһطǣϻס֪ڰºʼ
κĵҶﻶϲѣκӷ磬Ѷ˹Һܹ
ΪκǽǿߣԼҶһϸѯҶľҶϸһ顣
ΪǰߣʡԵ˲ٹؼ֣˺Сºͷ⣬˻ǵһҶʷ޲𺧡
Ҷľֱһ棬Գƽ顢¶Ⱦţ嵽ˣ޲о塣
µʱ䣬ûûҹףйȥڼκҶһ£ϾϾҪˡ
ҶЦųƣԼҪ׼¹ȥˣӭ˰Ĵȡ


643 ҶVS
ȵ̨ԭĵط̨ˣ˵ѾһƬֻ̨һƬյء
Բ·Ĩƽһ㣬ǻ÷˼Ų̄ˡ
δȵǿߣѾس̨ܳܵķΧ޸Ҳûʲô壬ɴƽɡ
εĹսУ˼λǿߣҲǸһģδȵʱֻоʱ򣬲Żнǿߵս
ֻǰǿǾѾˣɼδȵӳ̶Զ
һ飺Ҷ
Ļٵһ䣬Զսǣһ󻶺ڴѾõս
˽Ҷ֮ĶԹһҶƭȥڰ벽޶Ծôܵ¼ˡ
˾Ȼֵһ飬˵һĺϢ
Ҷֻһȣռһ󲨶ԼѾ˳ġ
Զĵطɫ粻ͣʱطž죬ƻͬһħһ㣬η
Ӱһ֣ԭֵȺʱѻȸֻ۾ֱ㶵ĿŶˣ´һ˿ϸڡ
ڳĽ֮У˻޽⣬λǿߣλŮһǾβһ峤̽
һŮӣȥֻжʮӣ˭Ҳȥƶ䡣
ŮӾǹŷһǿߣҲݵʦﾪ죬Ϊַǳ
Գһ⣬ߣ÷˽ǶӦأһһ֡
ǸǺλ֮УǼΪĴڣΪϣκƽ
ųеҶиһĨӣСУĿעǸӰ֪䣬ˮϾա
䣡
еƣԭȻÿͬɽ緢ء
ܲǷų֣ռ䲻ʱط죬ʹԶĹսߣöĺ
찡ԭ˵ģһֱûгȫչʾˡ˷˾
֮ǰ˲²⣬ӦһֱûʹȫʹڻܾʱҲûб¶ĵƣ˶Դ˱ʾɣǿܲķţ֮ǰһֱδֹģȷš
ʱغ죬׺еֲͬѹɢѹʮء
ǿǿе΢΢˵ͷǿߣԿԳΪţս˫
һϣͷͬʨһɵĽ˫۷⡣
һޣΪһΪֲǿߣһףȣȵı档
ϲ͹עˣ־ڱصá
֣ϲ㰡Ǹ׼ġһ΢ߣź
ǾͽĽˣҿûյˣһθڵޡ΢΢һЦɨһ
ﾪǸһĨû˵ʲôںȡԤǱġ
һ۾Ϳ˷ﾪı飬Ũüߵﾪ죬С޶Ϸ
ƽ꣬˻⣬ϣﾪ첻ǰǧǰĽȷʵǺĺ󱲡
ﾪ쵭Ŀһ۵ûʲôϾҪˣô
н΢΢һҡͷﾪͺЩЩԹ˵սһʤΣû֪û뵽ˡ
ﾪĻΪϬŭҪվ𣬻˭⶯֣Ͱѡӵʸ񣡡
ͷһݣ˵ڳУɵˣǾǻ
ٵʱ򣬻ѾΪˣΪ֮ˣȻԸһ
ߵľĽ˷ﾪһۣĵ֣αظһòС޼ƽϣ
Ľƫ̻֮⼫Ϊԣǰָﾪ죬һ󱲣ǰ
ﾪؿ˾Ľһۣģһʱ׷ɱңΪԼĺΣҾͲ֪ˣδȽһȥݷһ¾Ķģ
Ľɫ΢΢һ䣬ܿͻָƽ̾Ϣһڵˣ̫ˣ֪ʼҪĴ澴ηǽܣҲĿܣ
ﾪǸһĨûм⣬ǹŷһĵ峤ʵ˿ȾĽµǾһϼһһЩ
Ͼǽǿߣ¶ˣżļɻ䣬һЩɢһ㣬˵ͱ
ߵĹգԶսǲûиоֻ˫Ŀض̨ϡ
ľаɣԶԶûлʩչˡ׵磬ͬһһ㣬ҶһѾ޴УָҶ
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һҶ˱˰ɫֳһǧɵľӰһɿֲڶ𣬹ҫţƶ䣬һ㶼Ƶ
ǿͬսӰȿ־˷ܣǾ콾ĶԾ궼δһΡ
˻޽⣬ǿ߶ڴͼУҶһУҶﵱǵʩչ壬ͫ΢΢һ
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ߣСӲǸѣһ֪˵ľѪɱҲ·һתߵ
ôҾβһŮǿҾβһ岻˳𣿡̽ɫ΢΢һ
һڣ֪Ҫ꣬˾βһĹϵˣ˵˵ˣջҲǲܣӲĵϷֻʵʵ˵ѣʱһ׷ǾβһӻҲΪȰǻĺã
Ҿβһڲ£ͲκˣǾβһȻŮǾβһˡ̽ĵ
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644 
гɵУھһɲǣغ˷ƶͬһѿУпգҶݺն䡣

û뵽֮Ѿ˶ѣԶĹս߲кȻæתס䡣
Ҷһ˫Ŀ磬ȭͷϹâ֣ɲͬƣӭС
飡
һ죬رǬһɿֲɢۿɼٶȱӡ
һ˲ɢ˼ʮ֮⣬ڵλΪģԲʮĴأ³ɣǸ漫Ϊ𺳡
Ӱնħ죬ǧţǿһڿˮȲҺڡ
ֻǵһôݣҳ̶ѾǵԤƣⳡսǶ֪Լܷܵסǿֲѹ
лҪǿ󣬺ܲɱгɾ͸СǸһЦݡ
Ҳɱ㣬ǾͿ˭ܻ߳ذɡҶ︺ֶӻ׷裬˵Ʈݡ
ÿ˾㣬š˫Ŀ֮һ˿м
պҲΪţҵŮɱ֣ȡСܾ˯㡱Ҷ￴Ϊƶĵ
ܻ˵ЦȻôҾͳȫɡ˫Ŀһ䣬Ϣһ䡣
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ԭΧߵĺȻԲﱻһƬ׸ǣͬʱرɫ߻ۣһ˲串˷Բǧ
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׺ҶǸһĨصǿΣҿ֮УһֻϵĲӬ֣ᷢһͽ͵ġҵ֮ľֻữһѽٻңţ
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޾ἱĵ˵ԪԪһľֲܽ˺ɱɻҡ
ҪͻǷԲĿʵ̫ˣѹʶҶĿֲսţֲ̫ˡ
սǣ̾һ岻ֻܱ֮ĥԪһԪľҶֻ·һˡ
˵Ҷﲻǿֻ˵Ŀֲ̫ˣҲ
ԭһֱƵĵ棬龰ͫһһеǿ󣬳Ԥϡ
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ﾪɫ䣬ɶųϣĻӦΪϹˣҲȥصˣҪôʹ
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ʱҶޱ࣬ȴѾֿ˻ֻǶ̶̰ʱ䣬ľѾһȴﵽɡ
󷢲ƵĸоʵԣҶúЦǣͬһս񣬸ҶǸһֻһ㣬˿֪Լ˽Ҷ
ʱڷٵţһ㡭㡭ֱʱȥˣҶƴ
ҶûԪǿߣôֲģҲͺĹ˰ɡ˲̾
ܾ̾ɲҶŵʱԽãԽ˵ҶԽӽݽߵıԵ
ԭһֱʮֵĵŷɵˣʱҲ˲ԣôʱˣеԲ˰ɡ
һı飬һʱ㲻Ҷʲô˼ȻһĴȣôˣСӼһûʲô⣡
Ҷ֪ı仯һߡƴһ߿˿ʱš
ʱڵѾǵʮɳһ㣬ĵڼζҶﴫ
ʱҶȻɫ죬΢΢һ⣬񱻲ˡ


645 󹦸
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䣡
ҶȻһȭҰƥһӽΧ𿪣һ磬ֱΧɱȥ
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Ѿ統ôǿˣȻҶͻȻһ֣Ӳؽ˺һӣۿžҪѿˣҶɫոһĨϲ֮ɫ
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Ҷһ˲ҪӳԼԼеǷǣ̱üͷһһɿֲע˿֮С
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ʱҶɫЩҰף˫Ŀ֮¶һ˿šصֵΧ֮
ΪĶͷϵķģƣʱ򣬾пװΪ֮ӡ
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ʱҶҪЦˣΪϲķ֣Щŷĵ֮ԼԺ֮оȻһЩ
Щȫе׵򣬶۳ķģȫһоڡ
Ҷ﷢һͷĿܣ˸ķģôҲ͵ѧһֵս
֣ľѣ뵽Ҷ˫Ŀ֮иһĨȣ˿ǾһĨ
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Ҷ˿ĻȻ˫Ŀ͸һĨҧгݵĵһ֮𣿿С
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Ҷҧгݵ飬Ҷ˫Ŀ֮гֵĨ֮ɫҶѾɽˮĻԻ͡
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󷨣
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ȻҶڷһ죬ܵ޾֮һͻǧɴأһɿ񱩵ڶ𣬼ʹڣ类Ӧˡ
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кȻһ֮Уռľ룬ٶǱҶնȥ
䣡
֮ն䣬رնһףΪֲ
һûնҶϣǸ˴Ҷµһɲʧˡ
۾΢΢һȻ֣Ҷ˰֮Уһ˿⣬ﻹǱࣿ
ʱҶ㣬׷裬˵ķƮݣȫɢſֲϢ
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˫Ŀ֮ȫǱɱ⣬˫ֻӡֳһǧľС
ҪľնĿһοҶʱȻ˫ĿȫǾɫ


646 Ծ
ΪȻҶﲻ֪ʲôʱҲֳһǧУ˶Ӳһ֮⣬ȫһģһһ澵ӷһ㡣
ʲôǲһ̫ˡ
λǿҲһ𾪣ʹǻ޾µǣûΡ
˼ҶǸһĨЦݣô꣬ҶǼǳˡ
Ȼ֪Ҷණһأ׿Ҷ︴ؼ
ȴһ㶼޾µĽǿߣЩա
ҶӦԭ;֮߱޷׷ǰһвһãļơһǿָ˹ؼڡ
ߣǵоѣ͵ѧôܱԭĸһмĵ
λ΢΢һƲϸһ˿мսֻҪӮ˶ԷʲôʽʤΪ
ҶŻȵ֮ؿ㲻Ҫ˵ʲôⲻûӪ̨ʣ㲻˵Ҫɱҵأ
Ҷķģǿȫڣƽʱ̻⣬ʱԶãǿ̡
ɫҶȹٺ󣬾׽ҺϴµĽ֣֮ıס
յķģ͸Լһһƿǧ֮
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ѹе𺧣˫ǰһӡ󳤴ǧжҶݺն䡣
ҶǸһĨЦ˫ĶͬɣǧҲǰն䡣
ն죡
ն죡
ͬʱһȣǧľУڿкݺݵײһ𣬿ֲ֮˲񷡣
䣡
׹һŴ͵һ˹ƾ졣
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죡
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䣡
䣡
ı촫ԲһƬĺûˣزͣı顣
Զսǲɫ䣬׷Զ񱼣Ǳٿ죬Ҳ˵ٶȣۿžҪޱߵɡ

ȻһĻǰǿֲ֮ײǵĻϣʧ
һ˭뵽˰ľ룬ɻᱻʵֲ̫ˣЩǿ߲ͷɥͬΪɾʵ̫˰ɣ
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ͬʱҲ޾֮ģҶǻصڽǰȻһ˻𣬲ɽǿߡ
֮е̳ɢȥӰǰ˻û˵Ķһڽȴһ
ʲôҶﶼͬһ㸴ƣ˾ǣתսȻûа㲻Ӫ׵һ㡣
һҵײѾʼ΢΢ϢϾ̫ˣһʼս֮һֱתڿʼ˥ߵļ
˾ǣҶ㣬֮Ϊ棬ûа˥ļ
ǸһĨ΢ЦĵȻˣǾЪɣ
䣡
ռһ󼤵ҶкȻһǹȻֻҶɸоһеĸоǹϲ

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ҶʹӰ˲䣬ɫһ䣬ͬʱλҲһֻзﾪǸһĨ΢Ц
ҶŰȵȾ֮һӰˣ⺢Ǯ;ûԴʱֻҪӰӡݳԴѵľءﾪ쿴һĺЦ
ɫһѿӰȵĲ֮أû뵽СӾȻ͵ѧȥ
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еöļ磬Զսǿߣʱ۾һʹæ˫۾
ȥɣױǣ
һŭеķ˲䱩𣬶Ҷ䣬ǵӭǣɢⲨҶײ
Ҷͫһһкǿ󣬲֪һﲻʡ͵ĵƣõĺˡ
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һ죬ûгŰбƵ˷ڡ
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ʱɫ䣬æɱǵ󷨱Եʱֱӱ˻
һһϢٱƽ
ϡ
ۡѪɽ


647 Ȱ
ۡѪɽ
һɫɵǹ⣬ţʹ壬ܲסɫ

ĿУɫǹȻɢһֲĲ
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ֱըѪһ޳Ӱıɫǹأڿž죬ֲĲز
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һŭոҵһ׵ľţȻôնɱˣһʱɱڡ
ԶҶһʱӦ˫Ŀڿ˫۾ʱһεѹҶ˫ĿһʹԺҪһ㡣
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һߴҶǰǹѹʧ˫ĿѾһ˿Ѫ˿
뿪ˡؿźϵ˫Ŀ֮УתǬֻء
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ֻǿһۣʧأиȷǸԿģĻϻûһ˿ᡣ
Ļûһ˿أֱӶԺǶԽǿߵһ衣
ɫΪѿˣ궼ǿֲһ£ɢʲôôû̵Ҫ
һصһߣ֮ǰҪһ仰
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Ҷ΢΢һŲԴӰʱ򣬶ӰĪֲᣬ񿴵񣬶ʱ֪¹ŲԸӰʲô·
·̯ġҶȻ˵ʵҲñڣڽǰѣûκ壬ɴںߡ
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ҶСӣ칻簡Ҷһ仰Щζ
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ιι˵Ů⡮ƨô׵ۣŵ𣿡鼫ΪƵĵ
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ҶһЦҲǰ֪ΪʲôһֱôԾˣΪһλÿռ͵Ϯòûе֣ŮһǼΪǳģԲŻкԾһϵеж
ǼҾףʽ𣿡ҶﲻϣΪˣ
ƽҶļҶֵܣƭĺÿ࣬ԭǿ
Ҷı֣ǽ˶סˣ佫նɱǵڣǶЩʵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦûпͣΧҶڣκС¡ڰڷž룬ϴκʣµҺֱ
ȻֱһһֻסҶĸ첲ֱҶϣҶͷһ
ֻ¶һ˫ĿؿҶǸһĨƤ΢Цҿ׬ˣػ˼Һаȫأ
Ҷﻹû˵СµҪɣ˶أ
̫ˣһϲռһͲǴˡСµĻ¶һЦȴůůģʱ룬ҶģߵŮӣȻһ㶼ʼɱˡ
ǾǣС˶ôˣСһһ¶Ů㿴СûлõtȻûǽš
ŷɺͷƽҡҡͷƤǺһ񲻿۵ĶʿôãȻԽսԽ¡
¶ؿ˾һۣ΢΢ƲƲ죬ҡͷ˰ɣһ㰲ȫжûУҿɲʱʱ̿˶ˣ
žԱı飬һЦ¶ֵҶѾˣҪҰҶٻսһҪӮһῼǸᣬҪŶҵıսʵʼˮǴߵŶ
ԭЦˣһЦһ水¶˵ҶĶٻķȫᡣ
ҶҲǼΪ𾪣ʵļٵģ
ȻˣҪȻôΪһأƿͬʱҵķҲӵͬͬɳġ¶һĵ
ȿȣҶԼˣ̸ʲôɱɱ˸飬һȾƲ¡һĵ
֪Ϊ˻ԼΣһЦ֮¶֮󣬴Ҷ˸ղŵΣ̸˴սʱľʡ
ڼ¶̸ɹſռڣԷҶɱʱƽŷɲΪҶôݣֱӽɱԭ³
˺Ⱦ֮ʣݾȻˣʱɫЩ̫á
һк£˼ƺɫЩӵĵ´αʦ䣡
ʲô
˳һսǿϴǸֲûʩչƾƾˣô䡣
ʦ˵Ҷϵܣһ˿ᶼûСϸһĨ
ɣһ˿ᶼûСЩţ֪ݵʦǾǿ϶ƿڴ
ʦ˵
˵ʲôʵ
ݿҶʦ˵Ҷ㣬ϵ棬ʤĻᣬ²ᳬһɣ
һʱ䳡ɫһ䣬Ҷ̬սϵ棬ʤĻ᲻ᳬһɣ
һʱ˵ĺˣݵҶʦƭҵģô˵п͸ңȰ
ﾪǺεʹڽ֮УҲǷ˵Ļ⡣
Կﾪ;βһ̽ã֪ʲôĻҶġ
ҶﵹǲںرԴǱҪõģǸһĨЦݡ
رԴһҵģ


648 ܵ
󣬵ڶʼҶԤϲǣݲûʦĻȻԽȥ
ųݾǿӰﾪ˫ĿʼոһĨΣ⺢ӻ̫ˣʦĻ
ǺúӣҲԼĽô䣬ܽܡ̽÷ﾪ˽ãȰ
֪ı̫ĵġﾪЦʱԺ䳰ȷʱȫˡ
Ǹȷʵʮתûм˿սǿ󣬹ŷѪŨ˵Ӧһս֮Ŷԡ̽Щĵ
ͨʮתҲͰˣؼǣһתߣΪԪľ߱ɱ󣬲ԸתܲǣǳرԴģرԴ־ڱصã˭ҪǸڸᣬȻᱻնɱﾪЩǵĵ
ǽ㿴ˣô˵ܷǳˡ̽Ц
С֪ЩСλʶܣһЩԨԴﾪĿ֮һ˿ӡ
֪һ壬ǰһλžޣԲʮͽɾԲһУǰֱɱ˿ɵһУ
̽΢΢һ˵ĿǵʱһΪǧһŵܰȻǴβҰھǿ߹𣿡
ʱֻɱܰȻܰȻȷʵˣȴһ˿л꣬ӡʮתΪ˵õرԴܰȻҲһˡﾪ̾Ϣһ
ô˵ܣˣӦǡ̽΢΢һ
족ﾪͷ
ʹ̽Ķһ쵱ʱʱǺ䶯ɽ磬˰е۷壬֮ߣž˶ڴ̤Ͻһ̣һβĴ档
ϧԲʱ׼ʱܰȻڴʱɱ
ʱ쵱񣬾ҪɱʱĹλ˸췭ظջǰܱ
һս䶯ɽ磬һǿߣҶսģһһ
ȻղҰܣˣ֮ޱȳݣϧǣһս֮ʧˡ
˵ĴѰرԴϧҲδػһΣһֱûн
˵˻ûдӦȴǰ޸ܰȻ꣬ܰȻڻɢ
ٺļҲûϢˣЩ˵ȥ𱻽նɱ
Ҳ˵ܲ˴ˣҲ˲²ڱչس
̽һѹַﾪ첻ݳսûһ˿ᡣ
ŷһһǽףУﾪ쵱ҲΪܰȻ飬취޲ߣɽ֪رԴֻлһţû˿ȡߡ
δʱʱرԴΪȵսһɽ硣
ԭܶǿ߶ΪһֱرԴԼĵӣ̫ˡ
ﾪǾʶȻڸܣʮת겨ûб䣬˶ûϳǷﾪϳˡ
֮ǰ˵ϵһ˿ϣûУҶϣɣΪ˵ǡﾪ΢΢Ц
̽̾˿ҲǸصΪ˰ˣʮΪ˵õرԴð˸Ҳɽߺˣ
ûô򵥣ѾԲҪðתʮΣγ˸ܰȻ⣬»Ҫ븴ˡﾪ˵껰һԶľĽ
ܵˣģѾȥĺֻ˶ûܵʵݶѡ
̽Ȼ֪ܾתȻûɳɱ
뵽̽ΪҶﵣģܹа˭ܹԿ
СǱߵķӳҶرԴҲڱصãЩ鷳ˡ
ʦ֣СòţҪʦ̡Ȼ֪ܶ࣬ԲƺɲΪţս䣬ʵԽܵġ
΢΢һЦʦþܳУΪ֣
ڿﾪʱ֪ԼϳˣݵĿ֤ʵԼȷ
СþͲˣ
һ߳˫ֺ£ȫϢǣһǧɳĹŷӰ
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ǿһǾУһжӮ𣿡˲
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һͺȣֵľ޴ŷӰһ쳹رɫֱӳܡ
˫Ŀ֮иһĨͣûаԾһ죬ĸֳһ·
Ǹ·һ֣ڳĽǿɫ΢΢һ䣬˫Ŀ֮Уȫǲŵɫ
ɾŷ⣡
䣡
еķģȻһӸأ·𶼱ӡˡ
ǵӡ֮УؽݺٻĹŷӰȫ
д󺧣Ƿӡ֮УȻһ޷ٻĹŷӰҲֻ΢΢޷ƶ˵ˣӡֲ̫ˡ
⡰ɾŷ⡱ɹĹǿޱߣǵܵĳ֮ɲս֮
ֵܹĳ֣ӵɾỵ̂Ҳóͱϳˡ
ڽɾŷڣΣΪֻܼΪյˡ
һ䣬ȫȻˣܲصһ̧־ͽȫѹֲ̫ˡ
˲תۿҶ£ҶһĻӦûֱӷɡ
Ҷ￴ɾŷ⣬ȷʵһôǿķӡû˵
һζԼЩҡˣص̫ˣ˭Ҳ֪жֶΡ
ʤ
ڱĻ󣬵˷ӡһƵ뿪ˣȻʧܴܶڵǰûһ˿
ﾪ̾һǾǿĴ۰תͷҶҶ˫Ŀƽ֪Щʲôҡҡͷ
ⳡսʮѹ֣Ϊ̫ͻȻˣһʱ޷ܡ
ԭΪһǰսչԼĿֲֶΣûʲôˡ
ȻҶǿǽɾŷ⣬ɾֵܹģɾŷһ޵ˣô
λһ죬ʮת󣬾Ϊ˶ȡرԴѾǰ϶ˡ
Ҷ￴ŵܣȻս죬ȻˣǾͷһսɣҲҪκαˡ
ΪҶʱʮմȿʼˣӰڳϡ


649 Գ
ǧݴȵվսɽ綼ڹעⳡǰʢȴĶˡ
ѾĿе֪˵ܵĹȥû취̫ˣڽʷϣйļء
ݹɽ磬֮ɳˣڸǲסܵĹâ
ֵ֮λ֣ɽʷϣǶһݣûеڶΪһˡ
žʯĻϣԲĴȳϣӰȻԻûʼսѾˡ
ĺΪҶ絣ģΪʲôһҪǸرԴأôҪ𣿡ϲ˵ǡ
ʲôıûпɱԣǧݴôпѪȣвͻᶪǽǿ߶޷֡
ҶôһɣԸǻ˽ľ̨һ̨ˣӡµ
ǵģҶ粻ϷһĿģǾͲõˣҶûյ飬Ҷİɡͷ
ǿ쿴Ҷˡŷһ
˸æʯϿȥȻҶ͵ͬʱڻϣǵĳ֣һ˵ɧ
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ǧݴȵľϵرԴĹǿܹһ½
СµˣһŵĿǣǵһζҶ˵ġ
̽Ҷε̾˿ҲȰҶⳡԵȵıԣϧ޷
һϳȫһƬţ˭Ҳҷһ˵ĹңصķΧȫĹսǣ֪ͼ˺
ɣȻǿ󣬵㲻ҵĶ֡ڴƽȰгš
ҶҡҡͷҲϧҷŲ£رԴҪ
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ҵҪҶɫ֣صĵ
ĿҶͷȻˣֻýܣǸˣ
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Ȼ֪ܵоܲһˣǲܺ˻ˣܷرԴǿɹϵһֵܷ
Ȼֻ꣬ʮת֮ˣʮ̫ƽˣȷҪ֣ܻЩĵĵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦˣûƽνƽ˵һںţǿߣҪĽڣ
ҶĻţĺĳһ㣬˵ĿУΪαԣһƽĶԾ
ܶ˶ΪҶеϧеߣ˴ףҲͱ󺰺˵
ҶںֶʹǿܣɷƵĲ˵黳塣
ҶĻһ䣬ԭΪĳַҶĻǵĺ顣
ҲˣǿߣɳҲĲƽǲǱԹǻġ
Ҷһ仰ǣǰûƽǿ߸ͲҪƽκβƽǰᱻ顣
ǾǿӦе黳ףΪʲôҶˣϽĵز߱һǿ֮ġ
΢΢һЦҶﵹһͳ˧򵥵һ仰˵ĹΪȲʣս⿿Ȳʴǲġ
ҡҡͷĻȻԣھԵǰΪʱȴʧΪһõѡ񣡡
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ҶԽԽߣգţضҡҷ·ҶǰضҪ׳Ƴ
λɫһ벻һССɾȻܹһ˿ֻнǿߣܹﵽľ硪Գ档
ս޷⾳ܵҶŵĸȾ޲ѪڣеţǧǿߣػΪҶ
Ҷʤ
Ҷʤ
Ҷʤ
һ˸߹һˣǧɾǿߣΪһ˻ɽʷϣҲͷһˡ
΢΢ҡͷȻˣ˵棬ҿھԵǰܷ漣
䣡
ȻһһɿֲľѹϯǶʱɫ䡣
򣿡
˷һȷʵǾ򣬲֮ǰ֮УƣǿʮֹǣܵӰ죬ɫ԰ֽ˫Ŀ֮ȫǿ־֮ɫ
ǹɿֲľУܾϵǹ־ǰֻи׳Ƴķݡ
ǶѾ˲ôΪҪĿҶóοµѹǸոӿһ˿ϣϱɿֲѹˣǲսʤġ
תĵһģһʲôûʮֻ꣬һСܵĵ
ǲò˵һ˷ˣľûã־ϣҲκˡҶҡҡͷ
ҶĻһ˶һǺȻ֣Ҷǿֲѹɷǳɡ
תʮΣһΣ͸ˣôӰ족Ҷﵭĵ
һΣ𣬾־˿ԺڷʱƾСС߾ֵܵڤͼڵ־οڣ
΢΢һҼҶĿƽ˵ѣοǲм˵ѵģѵ
ûӳҪôתҪôᡣ
ľޱ޼ʵĴ󺣣Ҷ񺣵׵һӲĽʯôȥȻ޷

һ죬ޱ޼ʵľջأԶǲһЩֱ˵ϣ͸¡
ҶȻɫصס˵ֲܿľڳȫһ󻶺˵Ҷﻹлġ
˶Ȼ˶аģͬߵģҶպ÷е߽ɫ
λ΢΢˵ͷҶ־֮ᣬ־֮ĴսУĥģֻвͣؾĶ򣬲ڶԵʱ񲻻˿
ǿߣл߰б֮ս٣ԵΣʱͻ¶ΪãڵܵľУսܣֶҡ
΢΢һЦȻտʼе𾪣ûзϣ·һжڼ֮һ㡣
ܺãҪСˣҪʹҵڶеؼˣ
˵껰˫ֽӡ⣬𣬿ռ𵴣
Ȼ䣬ɽź˵ĹâǸһ֣͵磬ҫ


650 ֮ɽ
ԾʱʹǸʱӿֲԭһֱʵ
ȫ˶ϳǸɱޱ޼ʵĽ壬ǿֲɽǧĿռ䣬ƼΪˡ
ҵڶר޵޾ʮڰǧ֧ɽÿһ֧ɽǿȣȷҪˣ
ܵĻڳ˶һʮڰǧ֧ɽÿһ֧ɽǿȣȷôֵ
Զս΢΢ҡҡͷڵУȻûʲôһ˿ΪԼСһ㣬Ӧòܡ
չֵʵ̾һ֮Ĳȷʵܴ
СǳûʱȥôණǾͽ˵Ķһµֵĸаɣ
Ҷ˫ǰһŹӡǣŷǳŤǸӡһ֣ԲȻһ죬ռ·Ҫһ㣬񱩶Ҷۡ
Щ۵˲䣬Բ֮ͬɰٴһ㣬Ҷ˲ҶһƬ׺
׺֮п׹ŭ񱩵رɫֱŰϢ·Ҫݻ硣
þ֮ȻȵҪ˳Ծһλ
˵Ҷ͵ѧķ͵ѧҲܱԭĸҶƫƫ߸ۡ
Сһﲻ˰˶ƭˣص̫ˡ޽̾
޽Ļ˲һȣĶǽǿߣ޾¡
˵濴͸ԭϾʮתǾǿߣԼ͸Ҳԭ
ҶһֻжʮһСëӣǴͿʼУҲֻжʮһľѡ
ЩȻҲסˣʵ̫ˣ붼޹⡣
ɽħ
׺죡
һͣͬʱӡһ׺һ˾Уײһ
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һ죬񱩵ѿǽҲã׺Ҳգѵ˲һ
Щÿһǧɳͬһ㣬ŶԷ񹥻
䡭
ı촫ܼײزͣڲԶսɫ԰׵Ŀǽ׺֯Ŀռ䣬һʱ˫Ŀ֮ȫǾ
ԲĴضǵĹޣƵĶײǸоԼɵĿţԺһƬհףƣһӶ޷ȴ
׺Ȼס˽Ĺ΢΢һ漴˫ڿһһɹķ䡣
䣡
ǽеɽܵܵĴ߶һ˲䱬Ѫɫâҫն졣
ۣ
ڽâǵһ˲䣬Ҷǽֱ飬Ȼ޷ֲֵ
ҶҪ鷳ˡһǿߵ
Ļ˵꣬ͼҶ｣üһԭɫһ˲ɫ
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ףôܣĽһĲţҲò˶٣׷׶ݡ
Ϊô᲻֪׵ĴڣǿǺų֮棬ɻʱĿֲڡ
ʹ꣬Ҳû˵Ϊ񱩵ľףԱƿصġ
䣡
ڼλ𾪵ͬʱɫһͷŭĹޣȻ𣬷ط
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ҶĶȴڳǴһݣܹᵽɾŷ⡱ĿֲǸӡ֮УƤ޷գһ¡
ҶȻܹ֮ͣ󣬸оˮһ㣬õܶһ
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һɹˡɾŷ⡱֮У˿ܡɾŷ⡱Ӱ졣
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ɣҵġɾŷ⡯֮У㹥ңȴʱɹ㡱˫Ŀ֮һ˿壬Ȱ
ȻʮҶǿǵһɱ֡
ɾŷȻǿ󣬲˵ǲҵķ񣬵СˣСһķӡԡҶһ
ҶĻһȫ˶һơɾŷ⡱
ɾŷ⡱ǵܵĶţ˵ɹŸǰ̫䣬أǿƥ
ǵֵĽǿߣҲֻƾǿΪȥѹơɾŷ⡱ǵӰ죬Ҫƽ⡰ɾŷ⡱붼롣
Ҷڷӡ֮УȻڳԣҪƵɾŷ⡱˸޷ܡ
ҶͲ˵󻰵˰һʱ˶ϳɻãڴȸɫ
ǿǣͫһзƽ⡰ɾŷ⡱
Ҷôһ˵ɫ΢΢һɾŷ⡱ǿֶ֮һݺ޵ô֮꣬޲ߡ
ҶĻ˶ƣصɾŷ⣬̫ţĪĳҲ뿴Ҷν⿪
Ȼһ˿ŭ⣬ҲñɱҶû뵽ҶȻ˲ʶʱ񣬿Դ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҶﲢǿ֮ˣûоֻҪ֣ͻȻô뿴Сܾ׳ˣ
˵껰ҶȻ˫ĿȻҶ󣬿ռ俪ʼĲ
ȫʱѻȸܶͫһȻԶⲻܡ
ռ䲨ǾĿУŶ֣֮ΧҶߡ
֮


651 ǳ
֮
ҶһͺȣŶֱĴ֮һ£ǿ£ؼƱɫǬ
ΪǾŶ֮ľ£ʼ·Ǵ֮ų⣬ϣǾۼһ
Ŷ֮ģƽ󾪣Ĵ֮۵߶䣬ѾǼˣڰ˶Ҳ۲
Ϊؼų̫ˣԹΣȫʧܶգһֱΪ˶֮Ӧô䡣
Ҷһٻ˾Ŷ֮˿ȫȫݡ
ɽ۴֮Ƿǳѵģܶ˶һ·ߣų̫ǿгɾ͡
ҶﲻͬҶ½ʱѾѾŶ֮ͨ½ȫѹƲԣҶɹˡ
Ҷɽ磬޷Ҷ½ĳɹ飬ڻĻοռڣ飬Ÿʹó
Ϊ֮򣬲ɵѹƷΧڣԾŶ֮ڿи֡
˻⣬нǿߣһҶ̫⡣
Ǵ֮Ȼѽɾŷ֮⣬ȴ޷ƽ⣬ӡžŶ֮Ļ£𵴣Ʊɫǽɾŷ⾹ȻʼͣĲ
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ȻһУ֪ܷɹһصĿǾŶ֮
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Ҷɫޱ࣬Ȼڷɹɽ磬һжøӸӣв֮ûۼɹĻ϶һʱ䱻ըķǡ
Ѿû취ˣǽɾŷӡͰˣʧȥرԴ
Ҷһһҧ߾Ϳһˡ
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нˣҶľŶ֮ײһ𣬾Ȼı䣬飬ǣסˡ
һŵĿҶͷϵĹţŶ֮ڣضһαҶֶγ׾ˡ
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Ŵ֮ҶͷתһεҶ⣬ǽɾŷķӡһ˲䱬飬ʧӰ١
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桭ġˣ
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ݣ򷨲֣ȻĳɹˡǾ޴Ĵ֮૵˫Ŀ֮г̾
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ٺ٣ĳɹˣ
ҶһҪ˵Ǿƭ˵ģصĴ£ͬʱҶҲҪлԼڷܣ쿪ջǵͶɹ
ܴʱ˫Ŀ֮УһĨϲҶ֣ϴ󷨣Ӵ򷨲մ
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Ҳ˵ֻҪд֮ڣκηӡ෨Чֻʵ幥Ծʹýɾŷ⣬Ҳûаôˡ
и㽫ɾŷˣ˵ɾͲˣ֣αԻҪ𣿡
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Ĵأͣʧ޾ĺڰɣŵˣֲ̫ˡ
ˣ
ռһ󲨶ǺȻԼתλӣǧλǿߣƵһڽ󣬾ôƮϡ
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ΪǾӸ£Ŀ淽ԲһƬڶѾʧˡ
Ǻڶħһ㣬žǺڶ֮ϣӰ
ܻ½ƮüĴǳͼԽԣվﲻɢǹӴƣѾľսˡ
ǳ⴫˵еɽһսȻĴڡԳһ𾪵Ŀŵܡ
Ҳһ𾪣Ľ𺧲ѣ˫Ŀ֮һ˿ʲôû˵
ǳųɽһ˵ǳ֮ǿȴﵽ£߾磬ͽǳ벻ȻõɷݻԵʵ족޽̾
ǳǰսҲȻǳ󰵽ҶϾ壬һ壬޷ǿսⳡҪĻˣ
ǳͬʱƺҲ˱ԵĽϾҶĴ֮죬ҲֻԷǿǰûκô˲̾Ϣ
ҶСˣȻǳֻڶأҲһԵֵģˣ
˵껰һضһһȭӳ𵴣Хľ磬Ҷ䡣


652 Ծ
ֻһȭӳĿֲƣɫ䣬ԳԳӡ
洫ĽղǳǰĲһ㣬ܴĻԳʱҶлЩģǼʹǳ壬ڷˣȫʩչͼҲµвһ
Ҷɫһ˷ܣǳ̫ǿˣڿȫһսˣһµİȭͷͬǳܲȭͷײһ
飡
Ҷپһɿֲתͬڵһ㱻ҷɡ
䣡
Ҷͬһһ㣬ֱײĴϣ˲ѣͬʱһ׵οӶ
һʱһƬţǴĿǸӶЩʶɨȻֲҶ塣
ǸӶ̫ˣĴ֮£޷֪ҶĴڣ֪ǻ
ǼѵһڿˮôǿҶôһȭˣ̫ˡ
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󡪡ϡ壡
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ʱǧɵɫͣط裬ͬʱҶϵϢú纣˫Ŀ֮ս죬ΪĴڣʼòض
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Ҷһζһôǿҵս⣬û취󰵽̫ǿˣڣûһĶ֡
ܵǳ壬ǿĵ˼飬ģоȫѪҪˡ
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Ҷ˫һ󣬾ռ䶼Ҫ飬һֱԲǧǹԿ֮ϵǳ
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ȭͷײһ𷢳ı죬ǳǹɴײ񷡣

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飡
ǣزͣر飬ռ䲻ͣ𵴣ܿͲλǰ
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˾ķ֣õĹĻκᱻյ㲨
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飡
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ŴȵĽУҶĿֲ𲽱ҿǰĻ˵׬ˣǴ
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˵Ӱǰʧûȴȥʶȥ̽飬غȻɽա
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ںСУĿ⣬֮ϸֵȫãȻ૵صϤİ㣬Դ
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飡
һζײһ󣬵ܷˣ˫ĿҶЩǸĵԲҶ֣رԴұõ
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ܺȻһͺȣ︡һ޴Ӱֲѹ俪ȫ˶ɫһ䡣


653 ܵľ
ڵܵһߴɵӰͬħһ㣬޾
پ죡
һǿ߷һϳ˵ܵһֵĿŵǸӰ
νǿ߶Եĸﵽһּ£ͣõϿɣĹ
ֻľǿߣôһ˿ǿУһУҲδһ˿
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ҵΪ⣬Ϊپ죬ǾǿߣԼĵţܹ۳ࡣ
˵ԼڵԼδ˿Կ͸
ˣӳ֣ܵѾɾһλǿˡ¶ɫ΢΢һ
ǲ𣿡ŷɲŭ˵ΪóɾʹòԼ
¶ҡҡͷܲûףΪɾ۷壬ķ࣬ҲԼ۵ģǽ
ʮתڵƿأǿȣҲضá
پת֮ǰѾˣʮתƿѾһּ¡
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䣡
һնҶȭͷϣҶﵫһ治ɵתβرɡ
Ҷͷһʱĵܣȫһ־磬һ㣬
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Ҷĵľ壬ͬʱϲЩȣʹپ죬ȻûƻأѾˡ
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䣡
һЩӰһ֮˾ĿУһӡ
ķķӡ˴գӡγ֮󣬾ȻǻС
СĹУɢſֲѹռ俪ʼǡ죬·ܲסǹɿֲʱѿһ㡣
ǵԲķӡȻСֻôƮڵܵǰ
СķӡڰգߣۿɼΧĿռ俪ʼѣϸСƣͣĳ֣ͷƤ顣
ʱǸӡ֮ѹһɴݻأֵܹġ
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˫ֻ֣ĴֳͼҶһϣһɫҶǰ


654 ǧݹھ

ҶǰǰƴС֣ط·һµȼֲ
ÿֲҸоԼҪˡʹڽɸܵǿֲĸ¡
ǶҶչڣѧǸصġ족ƣԭ족ƣûôǿ
ҶｫĽˣԭڲвͬȫȥֻһֻ棬Ǿ̫֮
Ѿɾڣе̫׳̫֮ɵǳɫѾȹȥ˲֪١
ܹ̫֮ɢĻ򣬲ޣƿˡ족̫֮ķӳ
һѻҩɢڵϣʱȼˣҲޣǽڵ֮Уͻɰǧӡ
ҶĿǰΪֹΪǿɱﵣҲ뱩¶ģǱʹ˳
Ҷ̫֮תԭֻаƴСʼٱ˲䱩ǵֱ
ֱɫǿǶסˣ˫Ŀضɢſֲµ
ǣѾʼúѣǸоԼ壬ҽһ㣬·ʱȼһա
ܿǿֲ𺧵ͬʱ˫Ŀ֮иһĨһʣ಻ԪȫתƶǿֲķӡҶײȥ
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ǸոոоǿֲײǰһֱʧԭأڻСС
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ǹɿռ䲨ƽϢ֮󣬼λɫ䣬Ҷ͵ܼսĵطռһԲĴ󶴣һС
Ҷ͵ܶղſ񱩵Ļ˹ȥһ˲䱻˿ռڣǿռһ룬ǿߣҲ̱ʳĭ

Ȼֻ͸Ĵֱ֣ӽҪûеӰץ˳
˸ոձץǿռ󶴾Ѿպˣʱһ˿ţҪôˡ
С¡һŮӣŹȣղһ˲Żˡ
ɽ磬ռ֮еĿռ֮Уǽǿߣ׳ԣ˽
ҲһѾԹȥĶˣһʱЩã˭Ӯˣƽɫ

˱ͳС磬棬󣬲ʧС
Ϊ˸ղһֲײ˿ֲĻ־Ǹһ֣Ͳ㱻ǹɿֲ־꣬æ˹ֵ
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ʱҶѪȫͷûģըܲ
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ϷžǣǸϿϷ㳹ΪϷЦ
ĵĻǳӱߣǱˣͬʱҲ֪ڵĵĶ֡
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ͷһݣǿӲĵͻˣĲκв
΢΢һЦûκתͷǳӵѹֵѧǳԭ㴫ģ
ǵȻϧû޷ǳأǸͷСӣ϶ᱻһķɡǳЩĵĵ
һ˼ҶﲻҲͬɾ𣿶ΪǸʱֻвڣȻ飬̲ߣѹļ仰ס
˵飬رԴĲܸ𣿡ǳӴ޾£ֱӽл֡
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ڵܣҲǳĿãϧΪǿߣЩҲƵķΧڡ
һȾĻˣҶǧݴȵĹھԶʮһͣ˹ھ䶯ɽ硣
ЩʼչעŴȵǣһ֤漣ĵǸЦӣƾһɽ۷壬ɽû˲֪ҶĴ
ڵݣۣͷȾ˰ɫǣѾ˷ܵҪ
Ҷﱾǵżżɽ۷壬ͺԼҲɽ۷һ㡣
ҮҾ˵Ҷ޵еġһδ֪ĵһСŮС֣Сȫ˷ܡ
ŲǸ쵰׳˶ٹʺײôǿĹʺˣãҲӱǰĻ棬ֹš
СߣǰѺϢȥӦҲˣ
ţ
ɵӱ֣Զɳȥ


655 
Ѿ˰ˣڴϷļҶԾҶ͵һսɱ˽ֵ
Ϊɾڣǰ޹˺ߵ۷֮սƺűϿɣΪһս˿ԳԽ
ɽɳǿĶսʱһԶɽ֮أɽ࣬ס
ʱо޴Ĺ޳û޴οɽͣɢſֲϢɾǿߣﶼеһͷƤ顣
֮صһ޴ɽ֮УһλϥûаϢɢһ㡣
üĿ絶¡ڣ絶Ȼû۾ɸһ˷İ
Ȼһĸߴӣߵ壬ң
ţ˴Ϣ˰ߣȥˡǸһڣȻֻƽ˵ȴӣɽȲͣ춯Ϊˡ
ɣһط޷ŶԡǸ΢΢üʵ
ӦǵľѪŶԣȥɣȥüߵ
һЩš
ˣѸɴɻҲϰɣȥءǸߺȻ
ɻǡǸЩɡ
ȥɣҲ֪¡Ǹߵĵ
⻰Ǹӣŵ˵ͷתȥ

Ҷ˷ǳأ峬ɣ궼ܵһ𵴡
ߺСµˣҪҶҶԼָŲԺӰ졣
Ҷһ˯һ£˯ʱ䣬֮ȻȻת޸ƣҶʱȫѾָ
۾ǰ龰ʱҶﾪˣǰ龰
硢ŷǡ¡Ҷ诡ҶǳŮȫΧĴǰ
ҶһŮӣ˫Ŀ̱ˮʪҲ̲סһ˵ҶﻳУޣҶ磬Һ㣡
رŻеҶŸţԼûΣһжģžˡ
һᣬˮӿرĽһ֣ͷˡ
÷£ɽ˺ģҲΪɽ˺ģ˶ƴС
Ϊԣ׵òʱҶʦǰǺС
ǽĲһش٣ǿԶԶ˵Ҷֻڤ׿ͬھ
ʱ̫̫ܵˣ˼أݺݵѹͷǷ࣬ʵ̫ʹˡ
ʱһлﶼǶģֻоᣬйеŨŨ˼֮ࡣ
Ҷڤ׿ռкǾһֱ޾塢˼;йÿһ죬һҶϢ
ÿһ춼ĸһһеĿᣬֻԼᡣ
ȻʲôЩɿҶҶʱ⣬վΣЦһһ
ȻЦţеˮȴԽԽ࣬ԭӦഺĿɶǣȻɣĿ֮еƣˣ޷εġ
ŷǰһѽ§ڻУǣˣ
ԭŷһֱŲҶ仰󣬶ʱʧޣˮͬˮ̣·ҪԼһίй
Ҷｫͷŷǵķ˿֮УгϧŷǸ˲һһĿȸ
ھڤѧԺУΪԺŮѧԺŮһ֮У޾ĳг
ΪԼԼĽһУŷǵйԼί
ֻһŷסԼĿ뿪ҶĻȻǸһλᡣ
ҶȴſⲻϲҶߵˣػûǰôԶˣ
ŷǶʱߵͨ죬ֺݺݵҶŤһǣȴָ޷סû취Ϊ̫ˡ
ҶȴǳϵĹֽһʹǵΪЦ
ŷŷŹҶ֮ϣһƬ糺죬ﲨתҶ޲ϱһڣð°˵
ҶܿˡҶߵҶǰḧҶգȫϧ֮ɫ
Ҷ诵һ仰еҶ㣬ոסˮк˳Ҷһֱһ֪Ľһ㣬ʱ޿̲ڹע
һֱƽػûȡʲôҲûйһ˿ıԹֻһֱԹ޻ڵĬĬš
㡱Ҷﻺ³һֻҶһ˵ĳƺһૣ·𽫶˵ļҶҴԺʱ龰
ҶǳǰҶǳͨһƬӨ䶼͸ˣǳĽţĿ֮˸֮Уһ˿־һ˿ڴ
Ҷа̾ҶǳŮ֮УԼнٵˣһûᣬһ̫ˡ
ϵԷڣ˵ĻģǷ飬ûΪ٣ԶΪʱƣӵŨҡ
ſֱۣҶǳ§뻳УҶԸоҶǳĽڲͣزһܾСãϧ
ҶǳһʼǳĽţǼʵţǿг˰ȫУҲϣǼȫҶǳյϢ
ȵǰͬСһ㣬ֱͶҶĻУȫҸˮ
ϾСŮҲǳɻһ˿ӵĴ档
ҶﻳУֿЦСԸһĿȻ
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һڣǳΣգ񫡣
մۣ覵ϣȴЦݣǸһƤĻȣĿ֮гԹûĵģô뱧𣿡
ȿȣôᣬֻǾãУһʥһ¡ҶЩΣɴ࿪ʼ߰˳
ѾŮˣ;˼ҰɡһִֻҶǰĿ̬֮˿񼤵
仰Ҷ˵ζϮҶʱеѪӿҪ˵ʲô
һֱӦסҶﲱӣӨεӣѾӡҶϡ
ҶʱԴһ֮ʧǶ˵Ĵ֮У֪䣬Ҷ˫ֽعסµþ޷ɿ
½㣬Ƥһ˰ռҶôáһЦһ죬æƿҶ
Ҷѹ֪ʱСºͷҲ˷䣬ԭǶˣʱġ
ûϵԺһҲֿˣƤеǻᣬǸԺҪѧѧлϡҶƤĵ
Ůһ죬һڣȫǻϲ֮ɫӴԺҲ˼֮ˡ
ŮһۣȻͬʱһЦЦ绨ϣȴմҸۣ޾
Ҳֿˣ̫ˡ巢һҶĶŮһҶ
ʱҶ޲Լаֻ֣п˶һ뻳Уڴ˷ܵĲɿĵˡ


656 뱾Դ
Ҷû뵽ǣæӭӣֵʱ˲Щн
΢΢һЦϲôȹھĽ
˵껰Ĵ֮УֳһŰɫ壬һȭͷԲ򣬲ǸԲϣͣŰɫһ㡣
ǸԲһ֣ڣȻ˻Ϣһ̫֮ڵܵǣȻȻʼת
رԴֻҪ䣬ȻΪǿߡرԴҶ
ҶһֽرԴӹ˫Ŀ֮иŨŨĸм֮飬ֵǾͿԸˡ
Իһ֣صĵҶڣ
ҶＴʹΪ֮رԴܹ򾲣аޡ
ѾֽˣҲˣ
΢΢һЦ뿪˲ŸҷĴرԴ
Ҷôƴ뵽õرԴһԭİɡҶĸ첲Ҷĸ첲ʵ
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ģŮһһһҶǰɱĶҪˣһǿԸϲ
̫˽Ҷ֪壬ܹҶŻĻص޷ֲ˺ۡ
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ҶһԭҪõرԴҲˣ漴ҶɫΪѵĵ֣СܵõرԴҲˣǶҵֵܣСʵ޷ã
һɫңԭΪҶõرԴΪ˳ǽ
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صôҵĹҶﲻҲܡ
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ҪôĶЩɵĵǿǽۺı͸һزʶˣĶ֣е벻ͨ
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رԴٳҶеʱֻʣһ룬Ҷֻ֣һرԴɷӾȻ
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ͶˣֳܹΪһ£˵ʵҶˡҶһЦ
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涼ǽǿߣСΪħһǲпܱɽ׷ɱǳصĵ
С֪ˣҲȥǡСæ
Ҷ֪СЩʲôЦСһȻҰǶСǾͿԻˣ
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ʲôԿʼ𣿡ʵ
Ҷһۡ
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Ҷ˲˵ͷܸо©ʲôȻʵһˮ٣
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ôңҲûһˮҶ﷢һŭ
ֻ֪Ҫôһ㣬αذԼŪôǱǱ۸
ȿȣϾûˣ𱥺Ӳ֪ӼңҪʼˣ㼸ֵ鷳ͱҡһץסҶʹš
Ҷ޵ƫƫ޿κΣ쵰Ϊһˮְһء
Ƶ˳ʶҶﷵŮķ䣬ʱŮߴߴ˷ܵ˵ʲôӦǽҶսʱĳ
Ҷֹͣ˵˫ӣضҶҶԭӵԹһʧӰ١
ŮҪֱӽԼСУʯǰŮڼС졣
ۼС죬ڤ׿鿪ΪСˣС컹ţһʧʹޡ
޹Ц֮໥ű˴˵ľһʱпǧǼ죬ûгȥСУƷ裬Ц
֪ŮΪҶʱҪУĺ裬
ʱ÷ɿ죬һξȥˣһˣɫ΢΢ЩأΪ߸һĸߴˡ


657 ǹɻ
Ҷ￴ǸĸߴӵʱһܵһѪϵ׽
Ǹ߹ɣŨüڣĿ磬Ѫ֮˸оһƽĻɽʱᱬص
ȻǽǿߣǸҶо˿κνĲ̶ֲȿй֮
ʹվһ𣬶ûѹһͷһƶĸɽ˿Ըӣĸ߹ͽֻӡ
ҶǸӿڵǳƽ
Ҷ˵ͷûв´ĻӦһǿߣѪ֮Ĳƭ˵ġ
ˣҴ뿪һ¡ǸӶŻ
ɫ΢΢ЩԥǵͷҶľ콾ϣ¿ƽ͵ķʽ
ǸӵĵֻǷ¶ѣ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ջû˵ʲôӼû˵ֶҶץ
ҶոǵĻ΢΢һ˼ҪԼ
ǸһֶԼץһ°ŭֲڲ

һȭײȥ֪ǸǾǿߣʶһȭȫʩΪƥ
Ǹ΢΢һЦ˫Ŀ֮ƺ¶һ˿ͣҶһȭʱһӱץס
ûҶԾʱҶӣѾʧԭأ˵Ӱʧ̾һ

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ոսС磬ǸһƣҶʱеһɴȥ
ʮÿһ̵Ĵ֮ϣͱһƬɼǹôֲ
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ҶһͷƤ飬ֱţȵʩչǳĵܣҪֲٱһУ̻ᱻĳࡣ
壡
䣡
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ҶһȭǸӵϣС綼źݺݵĶһ£˽µĴرʯ졣
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ֱһʹҶֱ۾ȻǹɿֲµˣҲķˡ
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Ҷ쳤ХؼƱɫΧɽͷ׷ױƼҲûһ˿ħ
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Ҷ΢΢һ㶣Щɻ󣬲֪ΪʲôǸӵĻһУĽ
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ǰҲЩԡ
ʮģʮ塱Ǹӵ֪ɻʵҸղǶ̽šүү㣬һˣǸͱˡүү˵δ˵һ˵ĲˣֵıûУҹ͹
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һ죬Ҷֱҽ˴֮ڣǰѳǹֲ̫ˣһɽҪصĶ࣬Ҷ⧲֮£ֱӳ˸

ʮһЦȻԤϣҶȴ޾ϲ֮С
ѳǹǹϣ·а͹УȥΪһƬƬһ㡣
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Գɳıǽǿߣۺ첻ѣΪ鱦ֻҪԵ㹻ǿԽΪʥģǿǽǿ߲ʥ
ʮ壬⡭ҶЩɣıЩ
ʮɫһЩõĵһ壬Ƕصүǣ˳Цľţ
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ҶͷʮģҾԲһ嶪ģ
ҶʱѾԼһһԱˣеǣʮ˵ͷ
ȻһĺˣҪ㣬һˣ԰ܣǾԲκ˵ǵͷ­춼Сʮ弫Ϊĵһ˿
ʲôǽĽҶеԼѪˣ־һڣ˿ɵҶ֣صصͷ
ģҶļʮοһЦЩҪģҪʮ廰࣬һҫıʲôأ
֪Ҷͷ
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658 ѡӪ
Ҷ΢΢һʵʲôˣ
Ǹк˵ͨһЩֶΣ㻳Ѫ͸¶ǵģǵֽʱ̫ɽأҲҪԴšȻһˡʮһ
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ͬʱҲʮǹؾ壬ǽǿߣʮ岻͸ҷųĻ
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뵽һһǿ󣬳
ﻹкܶ飬ҵøϿȥˣҪúñأصꡱ˵껰Ҷһǩ
ʱ򣬼ǵûһˣȥǵļˣסԺһļңĻʮ㿸ţʮ忸סλүү㿸ţסҪһͷʮҶļƵĵ
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ʮΰıӰҶﲻɣһ壬޸ĸƼҲк̨ˡ
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ʱһסɽ磬ٸҴһˣ˾˰̾ۡ
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ڵɽǳزֹۣΪɽĶսȻΪһ֮˽ȥıԼһ
ȵģǸͲȥɱˣǵݺⲻǵ͵ɵͷˣԴӶ˰ɡ
һŭҶ΢΢һЦҲɽҪһ֣Żı䵱ǰľ棡
ңҶһ𰡣ˣҲվ˵۶ѣҴţҲһ̫
ʲôЦҳԱ˳û¸ɣʲôοһȺα˵ʲôʱͱԼһ
˵ֵڸУջֻۣҪҵȻ´ˣʱһȺŮһһ㣬ϷŮоо෱Ϣļܣε⣿
Դżˣûڿ㴩Լɳˣ飿ٺ٣һëǮϵô
ȷʵ㣬ĳɳҶһͳ˧ܳɳһ߶ȣɽ罫Ϊһµľ桱Ҷʮƶĵ
𰡣ҶҾһ޴־֮ˣ˵ˣڶмҵˣĲãؼҾˣܲڶҶЦ
ȻڱһϿɣı䲻ʵѭ֮ʱƲģ
΢΢ЦȫȵӣἯһ𣬵ʱԸѡκһǰһٶʮѡݺһΪʦ׼һ°ɣ
˵껰뿪ˣҶ΢΢ЩǰĻͷһ
Ǹ𣬼˵ÿһ仰żĺ壬Ǿߡ١ָ
һ˦ԴȻ벻׾ͲȥˣСУλŮ̸˵أһзն׵Ժ
ҶСУŮһУĻЦֻоǲ֪۵ÿһÿһ룬ôֵϧ
޹ˣЦˣڲݵϣǼݺҰķҷů۹⸧壬һ˵Զ˵黰
ҶŮ˷䣬Ҷս̨ѡӪӡ


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Ⱥ绨ŮˣʱҶг˾ηǶǿߵĳݡ
ŷҶĸ첲УǿߣһݵĿҶŮгԺصǵķûбԶˡ
ҶĵǽǿߣҲ˫ĿŹ⣬ܹһӣͻƽǶǰ϶¡
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ܶڻΪ𾴣ǻ֣ӵҲᱣ
ԶȡñԴȥ˵ˣ֪ҶõرԴҲΪ˾ʱӾ岻ѡ
Щʾս˫ⲻصģҪǣǶ֮ˣɽôпֻǷǳټġ
Ϊõܸһʧһ˿Լ꾫Ԫǿǽǿߵ꾫ޱ󣬵ǧлȥ
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Щͼ֮Уһ棬ŵļ飬ҩȸķš
Ҷﲻһ֣ǰμӵ̻񰡣ǵһ֣ǿǰۿ
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Щɾںڵǣ˼ǽںڽһʵ͵ģˣֻܵżˡ
ҶҪǰȥȻһɾڵŮӣҶǰҶ΢΢һ㶣Ůʶ

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ЩҶԣһֱ棬лҶﱾˣҶ˿е֪
ȻܵʮַŭѾԭ˴ϣ˼һ·ҲǷķչǣǺܳġ
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ȸҶģϾҶѾɾڵĸ֣ΪѾߣǧݴȵĹھȻǾǿߣֻ
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ˮһ֣ÿռ䲻ͣŤصˮЩֵס
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˾ͶлˣĴġ˵һЩĻ˼ҶʲôôҪı
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ҶԸҾšĺɫĿҶϸһĨ顣
⻰һɫ΢΢һ䣬˫Ŀ֮иһĨŭ˷ǲء
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һֱĵۣ˸𣬼ʹҲᵱʱҶᣬ˫Ŀһ
㿴˵䣬ɱ˵ңȰǰϮ֮ˣǲʲôϢģǳڻлѡ񣬸Ͻ۰ɡҶѾھűĵǽе
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ǾͰĿⶢϣӻɱȻĽʱҶ˫Ŀ֮ɱݣԼӷһ·
˵ľôƣΪԼŮˣںˣǿһ㣬Ż˲֣ҶˣôĽ
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֣Ȼ׷ǹʣͨζսѾ˸εյֵܣôͲΪͷˣҾˣͬǽ˼ҶΪΪˣôͰΪƤأƤ񵽾ȻӪƤѾʥ˰ɡҶһмĵ
ڳˣǵӻǽȫһɾҶһűʷǰİɣ

ŭɽ⣬һҰһЩ⧲ĵӣĺЩѪ

ҶкȻһ͸߹ŵĺɫǹǹѪ沼һƬǹһɱ磬Ҷͬħһ㣬˿ܽǿߵӰ죬ǹָžĽǸһĨ
Կ
ǹôܣⲻһר𣿡нޱ𾪣ĶôҶС
Ҳһ𾪵ĿҶеǰǹȻҲϳǱð䲻˵ģΪһǹһ˿Ǳ˼ðġ
Ҷеǹǿ׳еģܵһ˿ѹ
ҪǸҶһָһ壬ȻὫɱļȮԿ
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Ҷһκٻָо̫ôˬˣѹôˣϲȱԼš
סģҶЩھűĵӵҲˣͬʱҺ͵ܣҪлߴˣԷĴ󵨵ļ룬ףѧҵгɣ
ЩĵͷһݣҶôһ˵ѾˣԺпǵĵˣ󵱳Ҷ͵ܵľսǾһͷƤ飬׷׳Լı׷
һʱѾǿߣһֻܵʣ¼ʮˣǼʮԥ֮С
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ҶǸһĨЦ޳ܵӵţҽʱ򣬲Ͷ̥Ͳ֪үүҵͶݡ
λ˫Ŀ֮һ˿ͣɽûˣȵĵܣҪǿƣӰԵ
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ҽǣһһߣеĺ޲ãԼһжҶΪԼӪ
Ҷϸ˽˼󣬷ֶʺԼķչߵһطʱλǿߣûдԼĻ
ֻŮ˫۷ŹĸҶԼߵƣԼĵЩ㣬ΪߵĴġ
ΪɽԴٲ˵ɽ罻֮أսϣߡ
Ǹõطǳʺ̫ܵԼԼʺϵˡ
ҪҡͷлȻռ΢΢һŮӻҶǰҶ￴ǸŮӵʱʱ׻


661 Ϥİ
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ԭĿĺǸһ˿ɬв̾Ϣһƫƫ޿κΡ
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֪䣬һ˫Ĵ֣ס֣ñӽһĿ֮һ˿ңʶҶĴ֡
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ӿŷǣеһʹŷǸĸоǳУԼһ
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˵껰͵͵ҶһֻۣҶԶշæҶûµģǵģ
΢΢һЦֱӽŮСУ֪ԼǵһС
չ̣ڽУ󣬳һЩʵ޷ýĵǣѾǼϡ
ʱеȫһ𣬽Ǵҷֿˡ


662 
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Ҷɫ΢΢һ飬λǿߣһʱ䲻֪ôشá
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ҶĻùвŭû뵽Ҷ˲ǵ͵ĴڹһǿŭСӣ̫ȡùھǴɶѣ
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׸ողóͱҶһǹƣ׵ĳ̶ȣһֽһ
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飡
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ȫ˶һû뵽һܣôɱˣʵֲ̫ˡ

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ǸѪŭڣһֱֶҶץ䣬Ȼֻһצȴռ䶼ˣ޷ܡ
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ҶܣӲҵġӣԼǷĮ˫һУֽ߬

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˵ݸҶһѰƴСƬϱ߷öƽԽҶΪѹסһ½磬ϵĲͻ½Ŀռ
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Ҷﷵס󣬽ԼҪʥ½飬λ֪һŮʱһ˷ܣҲŻȥȴȻ˵´ȥ
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Ҷ뿪ҶǧѩҶˣһֱ΢ЦſȥҶӰȫʧҶǧѩҲ̲ס˵ҶĻﺿޡ
ǲǲҶžֻۣǲģڶѾɵļϣȥһЩı﷽ʽǷ֡
Ҷ˫Ŀˮӿʥ½һУʶ֮ڣĸᣬͬѹڵķֿҲΪԺ󳤾ۡ
ǰУȻҶԺдҶļֵܵѾɣʣĹ׶ΣҪȫԸκʱ򶼲ңǰ

ҶһΪֵܣܿͿԸˣ˲٣æӦ
ҶʶһɨȻҶʶ֮УѾͣѩ塢ҹ꺮ܿɽϷɺͰˣüĴƮһ͸ǵꡣ
΢΢һ𣬽ԼڣȻһ˱չ״̬
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С죬ɣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦе

СӰҶǰҶСֵԲ㣬һֱ֮У⼸úתת
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һ·ϲС쿴ʲôĶҶﶼʶʣһ֡򡱡
ֱС죬жˣȫԺ󣬲ſĵطҶ֮İŪЩС⡣
Ҷʱ䣬Ѿպһµʱˣһƿռֱӳ̨ϡ
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ǺǣæĽŴףûʱоô飬Ȱ㻹кʵˣ͸Ͻ˰ɣ򶼵ˣ
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ҶԺкȻһƬհףһʱ뵽˸ĸ׵ݣҶˣʥ½飬ôһ˲ʧˡ
һϤףһʻȻôԶʧˣҶ·ֻԼ˼άֹͣת
治ǧݴȹھΪɽʷϵһţȻ
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ڣԸһɾСӣʹСˣǹǧǾԲ֮ȥԸһɾСӡ
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С죡
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ۣ


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ȥɣ
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ҶͬԱľĵС춼һսҶǹԹ̫ˡ
һ·Ҷģ֪Ҷϲɱ¾Ҳϲ߸ϣ˾һֻεĴ֣һֱر
Ҷһֱڿѹеɱϰ¾еɱ¾֮ϲж󣬷ڿ񱩵ħ޺Ѫħϡ
һֱ⣬Լȥոͬʥ½Ҷһѹ
Щˣħ޸񱩣ȶħѪ߶ɽ˺ԶԶԼ˺
ˣʲô֮ԱƣûĴ澴ηĻж֮ʱ޸ӿ£һ޵ߵĶ䡣
С죬ļ𣿡Ҷʵ
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Ҷ΢΢ͷȴģս˫ʱѾɾ۷壬ʱѾ
ǧݴȵʱѾ¶ݣ϶ԺһĲãԲһصޡ
ѽˡСɫȻһ䣬˫Ŀ֮иһĨ֡
ôҶҲһС켫¶ı顣
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Ȼɽܹһ˿ߣСרǰߣǷǳġ
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ҶչΣʧԭء
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ǣҪˣٲ߾ˡҶǸضһͷҪ뿪
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ҶﲻЩʲôɣյʥ½Լȫ֡
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ͷӲϿ콻ħ˵ɽԵ׵Ϊʲôҿһȵ
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Ӽֱˣ˵ݣ֪ҶͬˮѾ˲֣֮һʱ䷼Ķˣɵɵؿˡ
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αӣԼ£ҳϣҲΪϹ˹ۡҶ޺޵ĵ
ϻ˵Ͷɽ£ͼı죬񼫣񻹸Һˣߣѹ
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СҶɻǹ֣źһƺݺײȥ
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찡Ҷʦ֣ô˶ˣ
һʱǿ߷׷׵͹ֱǰ龰
ɽĵӣɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻƱһرɫϢڶָţҶһצץ䣬ֲĲÿռ䶼ơ
Ҷ𺧣һֵܹģ˲ܵһв
ĸĲҶ˫Ŀ֮иһĨ񣬾ҲùҶ׼֡
ȻһٻӰҶǰýҶﵲס


667 ɽ׷ɱ
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Ҳ֪ΪʲôôҶǰԲҶܵ˺
㡭ֱ޴㿴ʲôһӣһǰǸϣҶСս龰
Сսʱħ֣ƭ˵ģֻħŻϢ
㱻ƭˣϽ˿ҽѹŭ
Ǹ棬ȻˣõҶľ棬ûи֪С飬ɲš
оᣬŮҶԲħϸӿҶһۣΪᶨĵ
һۣҶͷǸĳȻεȵƣһеΡ
ˣô޴ŭɽң벻һ˳ŮȻ˹ִ֤ǰ
һ˫ֻڱӵϣҶǸһĨЦݣȻлл㣬ȻѾˣܹӦġѾ˲ݵĵز㻹뿪ɣΪ
ҶĴָ򣬱ӽһȻһѪС
Ͽŭȵ
Ҷˮ񣬱ӣ΢΢һҧӣĿ֮һĨᶨתźԲ𣬸ףҲ˺Ҷģ
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Ķոɫһ䣬æջԼ
Ǹ𣿡
ʱԼüģָϣһɿֲ֡
Բ𣬸״ˣ޷˺Ҷ㲻ŮĻŮ㣬Ҷɡİ
ǲͬأɭȻʱѾǸ鷢ףһŭʨӡ
ͬ⣬Ůֻһ»ȪȻᣬȴһǰļᶨ
ǺοءҶﲻ̾ϢһǰˣĳȻޱȸӡ
ܹܵԼģ겢ǳȻ޷ܡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôʱҾһֺеĸооһҪˣʧȥ㣬ԸȥĿ֮һ˿ԣˮסջ¡
Ҷɣ´βҪҼ㡱̾һջЭˡ
ӦӲϲֻҶգ῿ҶļϣҶĶȻ֪㲻ңӦңչ˺ԼҲϢһȥ
أ
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ͳҶѹеĲᣬ֮תʩչӰԶɱûʱȥ̫࣬ߡ
׶ԲŮ
ӻںǰϲǸ⡣
̾˿ȥ͹ȥˣɣ
˵껰ȥӸڽӴӵһɲǣһڽǿһӽסһ޷һ
ӴһһŵĿŸס
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ͨˣ֪ҶһˣǾԲм˵ѵģһʱŰɡ
ľٶĿľޱȹԡʥ󣬺Ȼ
ʱоȵʧ䣬ǸϤİӰʱֳůҶǧҪ

Ҷɽ˿飬æͳʮµǩһѾΨһȥ·ˡ
ǩҶﲻһҪأҪ
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Ҷɽͽκ˶㹻ɱԭһЩʼҶˣ˫ͨ졣
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ǰҶҲ֪ɱ֣ԴӸĸҲûĵˡ
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Ǹǿߣ̸ܵ˲ѡ
ϧˣҶƽӴڴʱһˮĻ˲ɢǷŷԲķΧ
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ɷɻڡɾҶʱ򱻾һѶȱƽʱһǧʮı
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꣬ղЩˣҶɱһ룬ôȫүүͷϡҶƿڴ
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Ҷɾɣʱʩչĸǿٱ

һЩոմ˱Уǿǿߣûߣͱޱߵɫ׺ɣһҽС
ҶǾף֮еĻ־ʱмʮһ˲ͱɱɻҡ
һЩȽǿƴתԪֿ⼲ӳҶѾһƬһͱ˸ɡ
ԭǧǿߣӳֻȼʮˣһǰģ˾һССɾȻս
뵽ǲЩڣԼô̰ģһҶ
֪Լ뷨Ƕô޴ҶƾЩֱǿЦ˸˼Ͳˣûκ塣
֮ǰѹѹȺǲңǻлڣ˶ûʸ񣬾ϡͿˡ
ߣ֪ħ֮ҲŹ⻪Ϸûκô
½Цһһɹ⣬߽֯һ״ƣǾԵһ㣬Ҷ֮
ԭҶûܹͨԸһǿߣû뵽ô׾ͱˡ
ҶһȻޱȿƽĺ棬־κˣɫϯա
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Ȼ½ɫһ䣬һŭȣгһâԶն
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ۼŴҶΪҪ֮ʣһɿֲɹ⣬صնڴϣʯƱ飬ˡ
Ҷͷһʴ󱻷ˣҶҲ룬ȻֳһʩչӰ۶ȥ
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Ҷʱʩչ̤Ӱٶȿ쵽˼£ͬһ磬˲Ϣǧ
ʹǿߣͣʹÿռƶ׷ҲƲ׷١
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ҶСڣʼĩ֪ʥ½һʱȫ˱ʹ֮С
Ƕǳʥ½ǵףʥ½Ļһжʧˡ
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Ȼ½磬Ϊ̨ĹϵǻǵõϽʵȼ
벻߸ϵĽȻҶΪУҶֳսǾĿɿڴ
Ҷǿ߶£֮һսѪֱȼˣʥ½ʧͬǵĸĸˣͬʹ
ǵǿǿֵ߳ʱǾ;ˣǰ϶㲻ϣ̸ʲô
ǺҶλɱֵ˸ľģκβҶǷ·ˣҶսɨ˷ʱ龰
СһƬĬҶﰴչƬϵ·߷УѾˣȥֻͶ
ȻǰһǳأҶûбܿı·ߣߵλǿߣͻѸ룬ֱǳطȥ
ħ־ܣ
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Ż£һ۷ǿߣٷɳҶǰһѳǹָҶ
Ҷûһ㣬ٶ˿ûзŻֱǸ۷ǿ߶ȥ

Ǹ۷ǿߣҶȻŭѣгǹͬǹӰҶɱ
ҶؿһۣеɻǹһǹãݺݶԶ
飡
гǹ飬˾УҶĳǹûаֱͣϣǸ۷ǿߣȫ
һʱȫǵˣȫѻȸĿҶﻯһɹٸҶ֡
ҶǸһ˿壬ӲйӦòηںźΪԼٶѡ
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ҶֵܣôȥﰡͶ̥Ҳôżɣҹһ̿ɺã
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ĵӰ֣һԹĿҶϴҶ裬һֱ޲ýҶ̻ˡ
Ҷͷһǧ㣬˾֮Уǰڲ࣬Χסһ¶ܵȥ·
ôôޣһֻ̣᲻ñأ΢΢һЦһ߰Ҷ
İɣһúöԴģǱԤŮˣȻҸŮˣĺĵ
Ҷ￴Źг˷ߺޣûǿڳһƴһս
ҪĲθ˱ҪλȥΪԼҲΪһں֪ǣԼˣԼСãҲɡ
Ҷ磬ƴһΰɣѾû·ˡСԺ
Ȼռ΢΢һСӰҶߣǰˣصȺɵСˣҶ磬ʵõĲҵħ֮𣿡
С֣ĺͺ˫Ŀ֮иһḬ̃ضС졣
Ҷͷһ𣬿СѾ֪ԭȻ֪ħ֮ʲôȻСϼΪĶȺ˵ȻС쵱
뵽Ҷﲻɱⱻȼɻǹ·ܵҶͨ巢â䡣
˵ЩѾûκˣҶҳһţʹĵܹâɣ޷ڸĹԡϧǶһȺʶʱĴ֪ͨİ׳գעĽ֡ӱһѺĹӳиһĨ߰
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·ûпҶĳǹһ㣬ź;Ľĵǰѹ֪ھԵʵǰʲôǾ
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еĳȻ̫һѤĹ⻪̵˫Ŀäһ⣬ֱӵҶüġ


670 Χ
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еĳȻ̫һѤĹ⻪̵˫Ŀäһ⣬ֱӵҶüġ
ҶҪֵȻɫһ䣬һгǹԱһӣһԱ˶ȥ
ԭڹһ̣ĺͺͬʱֱ֣ҶߵСץȥ
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Сڿ˵ԼĶԸҶǿߣȻͬʱ֣۵Ҷ︺ˡ
ٺ٣˵թССħ壬ǻۣ
΢΢һЦϵĳһմճҶѪҺ˦䡣
Ҷ磬׼һ£ҪʩչħؼһԸǣ
СüüȫǱɱ⣬Ȼħ壬һֱĴδɱģŭˡ
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Сһͺȣ˫Ҷﱳһģ˺Ȼʵ廻λӰһĲ
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ҶϢ̵Ŀˮһ㣬رԽԽǿ󣬴ΪϢʼ񱩵
ҶﾪǣΪֹ·Ϊߵľ
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Ҷķ飬ͷ裬ħӾ졣
˳һû뵽СȻһ֣ȻܹǿҶľ硣
Ҷ磬ҵħػΪʱڳƿڵӵΪˡССӰҶı
ãǾǴɱһ
Ҷܵӿȵһֱٻ壬ɫͬһ֣ط׷ױ飬һֱ죬Ʊɫ

ҶһŭȣеɻǹǰĹ䡣
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гһһ죬ֱһ飬˱ɣײԶĴɽ֮ϣԲǧĴɽ촷ۡ
𺧣еıǿʥ鱦Ȼһʱᱻ顣
ǹֱ˲Ҫ֪ȻʵҲڶѣȻܹԼ벽ǿɡ
ĴһҲû뵽ҶȻǿ󣬱ħػ֮󣬾ȻѾ˸һսʵˡ

ͬʱ֣ҶҶϣǹбֱӴĿڣǹϵ²·𼴽緢Ļɽһ㡣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ܹܵɻǹĿֲһǹУǽǿߣҲЩԲṇֶ̀ܳԿֻܵһܿҶһǹ
һǹ˺ҶӭĵһƣԷһ죬˶һΡ
Ҷһιеĳǹ˳ƺɨХľ磬ֱĵԴɨ䡣
ĳһû뵽Ҷķӳ֮죬æһͷ䲻ݷ֮ʱܹҶɻǹ
ոձܹҶĳǹȻһʹҶһźݺĵϡ
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죬ߵüΪʵķһҽУͬһ㣬ֱӷ˸߿ա
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ɻǹֲκα϶ҪԴҶܹ֮λȫɻǹˡ
ȻԸҶײȻеҲ鱦ǲرҶӲܳԿ
ֻܱܿҶĹ׼þĽҶסϧ̫͹Ҷս顣
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ոձܿҶĵһǹҶĵڶǹƱһǹǿ󣬾Ȼӵǰһǹơ
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֪ǣҶһ֮ϲõǹǹ⣬ԶԶǹԸļ塣
ʣǹûУΪ˹ᣬһǰﲻƣɱϢ
ϢǰԽǶܣԽǻǹġơһƿʼӣشƣǹ֮Уһֽڵһֹƥ
ʱǹĹ£ʱѾ޿ɱܣֻͦųӦ
飡
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غȻˮ涪һըһ㣬ԲʮĿֲ顣

ʱӰڵս˲ΧסǺһڽǿߡ
һ·׷ҶҶﱻ裬Ǻܿ׷ոһͷֹһĿѪ޲󾪡
ڵת֮󣬹һֱΪɽһţͬ޵У벽Ȼˡ
ͬħһҶвһ˿ڣһ˿־壬Ҷɳôĺ롣
飡
ر飬ӰӴؿҶһۡ
˵ͷǿȵĵܻҪǿϧжǿҪҹУ
λΧסҶǲˣ˿ԺеľɺϢ
λҶѾ֮Ϳλ˭ãԵõħ֮衣ֻҪյħ֮裬ǿߵΪ̤һµ̨ףȻֻһֻħħǿħ˴ȻħеĻ壬ħ֮ҲӵľͲ˵ʲô˰ɣ
˫ֱǰһ΢ЦĿҶһԹһ㣬˫Ŀ֮ȴһ˿˷ܣλΧܵġ
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˻ĿС죬Ҷһ˵˺𣿡
Сӣʲô㹴ħ壬㣬һҲ˵ʲôνĺٺ٣ǻл㣬Ǵһֵֻħ
һɫͬһߣɭɭشЦţ˫Ŀ֮ȫ̰֮ɫ
С£һһڸ㣬Ҳµį
Ҷﵽʱ򷴶˵ģѾǱ֣֮Իȥˡ
磬С첻£
СӦһȫħתȫҶڣҶǰδе۷塣
Ҷһгǹһڣһǹ˳
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λҶȻҷǸһĨĳͬʱһ죬Ҷ䣬ռ²
飡
ͬʱλҶؿͬһ㣬һѪ滹顣

ȻҶﱳС췢һУ֪ʱѾҶһСϣСӦɣҶı롣
СҶıҶʱʧȥħػ֧ţΪָֻɾ˸оһ
ҶٿС֮ʱѣһЦüĴһɫУС˼£ڼȿ־УҶһۣ㱻üĴ
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ʱȻҶʶоȻųâҶ˫Ŀ֮УͬȼգкȻһѶϽݺݵضն䡣
죡


671 Ԯ
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ڸղţոѹҶ붼룬Ҳ˼ʲô¶ˣΨһľǽɱ⣬Сء
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ǸһҽУֻʣСأһֱֻն飬ȫʧһֲͬһ㣬˿ڡ

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ոյõС죬ʼģҲȻֹͣ˶кȻһлᦣҶΧС
ǸСݸɵߣһʹطԼָϢһ½࣬ѾܲôˣжһȣôҶ
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ǼǿߣǸһ̧֣־ͽƷɵĳ̶Ⱦ͸׽һֻСûʲô
Ҫ֪Ȼǰ벽սһ٣ǸǰȻûһ˿
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˵껰һֻ־ͶŹԴ䣬Ȼֻһӣǿǿռ䶼΢΢飬֪һƹǾԳܲġ
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ãȷС족Ҷ
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һĽģֻҪСˣҾʳԡҶһ֣صĵ
ߣһ𣿡ɫһؿģҶֹƢͶˡ
Ŀ˿һã˵һŵԿıأҾ͹һΣ

һӰĵüķɳֱҶȥҶ￴Сʱ򣬲ѣҧĸֱ졣
ʱС죬ֻظ˰˾ģʹĵǣӰûһ˿⻪˫ĿҲʧȥɣ걻һ㣬ԭħҲòӲ
ģҶﲻɱ㣬ĲΪˣ
Ҷ﷢һŭ붼룬СһǱħ֮裬Żӣ൱ĵ۸Ҷʱ絶
ߣѾˣǶŵʱˣ߰һ壬ӦòǳС˰ɡһ
Ҷô˵ҲԻһˡϵĵ
㡭Ĵŭ
ʲô㣿ǻӣһ㡱һЦ
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ʱС죬ոմӿ־лָҶʧʹޣҶο
תͷүү
ķˣµʲô۾ڹĸ첲ɨɨָĵ
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ɣݳҪֱҪһҵϡҶĿɨһڽǿߣ⼸˵ӣӡԺС
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ٶȿ쵽޷Ӧ̱ǵŨ̵ײ˶ͷһ죬ͷϾȻ㱻顣
˾ɫ࣬ĿϺҶһۣǵƣΪУǻкڵһ죡
˵Ҫ˵ģǻڵģһ첻ԶҶḧŻеС죬ǳƽĵ
ҶѾѹŭ𣬹ⷢŭûһ˿ôҪʵƿԼ˵ʵԽһеʵþ֮ڣû˸Ϊеʵ
֪ΪΣҶƽĿ⣬˲ͷһ£һɼΪõĸоȻ·һ㡣
Ҷһǿ߻֣Ȼ֣ҲþϣغܽطżһǿߣǾΣˡ
ܹЩԸʱ¼Ѿƿأ˭ԤϵҶôλУɿԼֵڣȵ˾Ԯ
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ռһ죬һӰ֣ҶԾǣһӰȴħ֣Ȼһħǿߡ
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ҶȻŮעԼϣҶ΢΢һЦ͵͵ֱָǰߵϣ˼гڣЩ˵Ų㡣
ԭǵõʥ½Ϣб˲ѣҶﱻǿ׷ɱϾ£һ·ϴ䣬ʹϧǰ
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Ůͨ죬ҶһЦŶˣЩүүЦˣ
ٺ٣Ŷðؼ֮ץһ޳һ壬˶һ㶼ϿŮҶļ򣬹
ҶһֱٺٵЦţҲ˵Ůͨ죬ȴżڴ
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ҶԽСУ뵽ȿڣѪ֮ĺԽԽǿңָоҶʮС
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ȻҶߵϺȻԳ壬ʮɾ޴һڸ˰գûƶˣһ˦·Դǳ
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Ĭһ˺ȻЦЦгϲúţһ壬ֱ绢
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Ϻ㶼һεˣ񸴻ˣôɰһڴ΢ƽһϷɵ;Ϳʼʵˡ
족ҹ꺮ؿϷһۡ
ҶﲻЦϷɣĲףɱţ
ٺ٣ϴҲ֪Сұ޳ҲͿڲźõ㣬ҾָȥŮءϴղ˵ɽ磬ɽŮǲɰϷЩ˫۷Źĵ
ѩڵ磬ֵؾۣһҪһֵ֮쳹ɽ磡
Ҷѩļ򣺡İɣ·Ҷ̺ˣǷǳĻ壬ԺȻΪֲ
һϲǴʱȻ֣Լһ˿Ϊûˣһ
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ֵģ˵ôˣڶˣֵܸϽŪʡЦ
ģֵۣͰѺþƶ׼ˣȾƱҪֲУߣȥҵȥ
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Χѩˣҹ꺮⣬˶ĭɵĽ⵱شٵĲңԴ󷢣ȡ
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ЩҶǷãҲ㹻ְˣ轻˴ϣҶϷɵıչصء
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679 ǰ
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Ȼʱͨڿʼһ죬ǰһͣŤǽڣȥΪ졣
Сˣǰǿռ磬һľװãֻҪˣǾͻ֪ߵ˹ˣ
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680 ǳ
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˵껰ǸߴҶɽȥҶﾪȵǣɽ֮йٸɾǿߣذᶯЩʯ顣
ҶǸߣһ·£߸Ҳһ
ͨǸߣҶ֪Щ˶Ǳһ׽Ŀڿ
ÿ춼й̶겻ɣǣͻᱻɱһˡ
Ŀʯǳؿ񱩣޷СУС綼ᱻ飬Դֻᡣ
Ǹߣһֱɽǰ˰ʱǰֻȻһƬ޴Ŀռ䡣
ԲǧĿնһҹʯ͵ĹâѨ
Ǹָſ󶴵ʯڵʯʯУҪԼȥڣ
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Ҷ￴Ǹ߻Ӻ˰죬Ҳֻʯڣߵľ룬¶һʯӰӣǸɫһϲӷš
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䣡
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ץһʯӽСУС΢΢һ𶯣漴ûж
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Ҷ˶ں󣬼һ޴Ӱסգһֻ޴񣬰ա
Ҷ￴ʱ򣬲һ

޴Ӱ˷Բֲѹɢг˾ηǹɰأƳѹס
ҶҲһԹЩȻ֮ΪϸûһëǮϵ
ҶһγԼ֮⣬һڱ˸оǹɳص־ѹдչ͵˵
Ǿ޴һˣ޴Ŀһ˿ɻ󣬺Ȼһţֲڳˣأ޴ͷȥ
䣡
ҶһȭӳһԲľ޴ȭͷײȥ⧲֮£һȭǰ
Ҷһǣôݵһȭ֮󣬾Ȼһ˲䱻顣
Ҷһȭµһ˲䣬ǸĻëһܲϣ˲˻ƽɫҶһȭô赭дı顣
ţһ𣿡
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Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ô˰׳գȻ˺߶ֲ壿
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Ҳţ˵һǳǿֻҪǣҺܿͿԳˣҴռ䣬ҵ˴˵еϢдģһһ壬ƭҡǸŭ
Ҷ￴ξ޴һڿˮˣҪܳ
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ߣƭңһ壬˭ôǿ
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Ҫ֪Ҷ֮ͬУǴδ֣ǶԾʱܵľҲǸġ
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һǿû뵽ǣΪ޵еķҶǰ͸ֽһһȭš

һǿߵɳȥһ˲Ի壬˳ǧɳľߣҶһûив
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Ҷһͺȣֲ֮һ˲ӿǸһǿߣ޴һ
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ǵҶ֮һǿߵʶʱ֮Ȼһǿ߻
Ҫ֪֮塢ħѾǲˣ޷רᲢۡ
ǿֲһ壬Ȼôһ㣬Ҷ벻
һȻޱǿսʽҰⲫ漰깥һ˵Ȼûз֡
֣Ҷ˷ܲѣԭ¶æģֲ֮ҪİԻսһ浹ơ
Ĳ˵ֻҪͷѹͿýµߣܵӰ죬ս
ҶȻҡҡͷϾԲģǽԸ񣬾ԲԮģԸսһľǿҶΡ

Ҷ׵ؽһǿߵ飬ȡļ䣬ӴʬС磬Ѹֳ
ʱһεɽҶ߰Ƥϴھ޴ļտ
ļϵСһ˫۾ĿŲͣɫϣ͵ߣֿʼ̿ˮ
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УϴԺ͸ˣֻҪϴԣҸʲôСҶֱߣֱӾʹӦˡ
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㶮ƨҶﷴ
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ڰʱ֮޴ȫ죬ҶСĿˮˡ
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Ҷһֱӽ޴˺ƬŨˣһݸС
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һɽͬߣ沼˾޴ĶѨһܾӴһ嶼ס
ڸɽһΪĶѨڣһһǿߣϥθߴѪ죬֮һƬɫǳĹ죬һۣ·궼Ҫһ㣬˴е־塣
һ棬ҲһǿߣǰһΪﵽ˽
а࣬ʱͨͻӭһλָڣʱȫ湥ʱ׼ȫλ𣿡·ƤڹΣ˻
棬һж׼ˣץū࣬ʷǿһΣһڱгԴǸ߸æ
ܺãǻʱָͨǿʱһԳ֣һ峹׸𡣵ʱѪֻҪǾͿԷԭʼ֮أȺϼһ˭һ棬˫Ŀ֮йâ䣬Ҫһ㡣
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治ضŭǲһ壬ԵõѪһжֵõġ΢΢һЦȰ
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ʮǿǣϢ󣬷׷ԼǣʼĴѰ˵ټԼܹϻɱˣΪ޵ˡ

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Ǹһ˫ĿһΪȴ˷ѲϵɣΪԼʧȥʱ
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ҶԼС磬Сֲ߻һ͵Ϯոջɱһǿߣ׼չ
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684 
һľ磬գҶĺն£ٶ֮죬ױȡ
Ҷһɻǹ֣ͷҲأֳ
䣡
һ죬ر飬Ҷﵫֱһ飬еǹסæתһ
ֻһһǿߣ˫Ŀ֮ȫǾ֮ɫЩŵĿ
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۷壡
Ѫ죬ʢֱϵļ̸ڣ˱ըԵ
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СȻʵ²ӣһ־Ǿ춯أ˼ҵĵ̣һǿߣ鷳ˡ

ҶȻ˰ɫгǹȻһ񱩵ӿһߣһǿ䡣
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ˣҪҪϱ߻㱨һ¡˲Щԥ
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˲һսæĴɢʼѰҵ˵ټ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦȫ֮Ԫתؼһ񶶣Ƭ棬һζ֮Ҷӿ
һҶȻ뵽Լ棬һеףԶе
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飡
һ죬һѵǸһǿߣ̿Ѫرɡ
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ͷ­飬Ѫ졣
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ҶݺݵһڿˮһѽһǿߵʬСһʤơ
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Сһ˲ʧԭأͻϮֻ֣˼ʱ䣬һߡʮܳꡱˡ
Ѿǵܳ걻ɱˣҶСϵļֱ޷죬ָɾ䣬ԽԽ˳ˡ

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ʱ䣬Ѿĸ£ôʱͨеҹ꺮ˣѾ൱ʮ꣬Ҳ֪ˣͻƵʲô硣


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úúã
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ҹ꺮ѩ弱æеıϹүү
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ϿʧıӰ̾˿콾ҲֻҶĹ۷

ףϴΪʲôǶˣСվҶļϣЩƵĵ
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Ҷֱһ飬ѿ󵹷ɶȥǽһһĽǿߣֲ̫ˡ

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ʱ˭ҲῴһۻСֱӻû壬˰ٶһĽǿȥ

һĽǿߣһȻֳ壬ɣгһѾ޴ĸֲ棬Сȥ
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ֲնڴϣԲĴأһг룬ϧû˵Ҷһë

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Ǽ̵ۼ׾Ȼ޷סСצӣݺݵץһ⣬Ѫ쭡

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Ҷ򣬶ɽĽǿߣûʲôãǸպÿǰһǿߡ
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ֲɫ棬ȼճޣ޴ƻԲǧĿռ䣬ɫĻ֮

һǿߣһҽУɫĻǹɿֲϻ𣬽ˡ
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ȻһǿСսǳ׼ϲֳ幥Ϊ󣬲׼

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ҶոձȻͷһһɿֲϢڶһߴӰҶǰ
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Ҷﲻ֪ɱ˶ˣϳ۾Ǻɫ⣬ȫԡһѪС
Ѫζǿףǵûһ˿ģӵ˷ܣһг˵ĿУ泩
ҶİܿɽҲò˶٣ܿɽд֮ȻȾˣɳȵĻɱ
ЩһˣϺˣӶǺģǰߣشʱħ壬Ǹʱͻںޣеķ컭ꪣͬһ㣬ƴոһǿߵԽԽʢ
ӺǣһҲͬѪ̳һ㣬ȫ˷ܵɫһԭʼѪ
ҲҪţС
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һһǿߣҪ֯ǻû˵꣬ͱһɽж˲ӡ
֮ϣϷɸɵģʱάŴûҶ֡
ȻƽʱЩͷǹؼʱɲҳʲô۶ӣϾʱʲôЦãܿ±սѾĲС
Ҷ￴һϷɣͬһԹСϱһ㣬ɨһս
Ϸɹң
ҶٻϷһӲѵߣֱҶǰ
Ҷ˵ͷһֱʮΧǸһ߶ȥüĳצ֣еɻǹݺ䡣


695 ׻
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ȻһսҪһǿʮֻ۷壬ǾޣҲֻǿϰ벽
Ǹһߣǳǿ֣˾ƴ·磬ʮֲ
ȻһϣҶĴ£һƬãǽϣǻǳ̫Ŀһ֧ŲסҶǱȡõƣ̻ᱻ顣
ʮ˶ⳡսļѣԶؽκǸ̫ǿˣ˶ôͣѾʼ
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ͷͷСӣǷĵľ壬ͬʱаңֲļһȻԼļˡ
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죡
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ЩģҲܱСĸˣûطˣ
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Ҷһǹʱһǿ߳ǹɨ˼ͷһۼ׼Ϊֻͣ˵Ƥ
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ΧߣӦʱѾ̽˵սҶ⣬˺ЧƿķעȫҶϡ
ߵôһһ屲ǿ۴Уֱһ裬ƫƫ޿κΣֻƴ񹥡
Χߣһʱ侢Хɱ죬˹󣬴زͣ顣
£Ϲôôǿ
ҶﲻаԼѾʹ̵ˣκβߣż
żǸ߸ǽп಻ȻȫҶ˲ͣض
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ڵѾֻܾôţϣܹסæ
ǿ˶٣λڷֱǿסǸȥնɱĽڣǿߵ⽣ӰУѾʼҡҡ׹ǸҲϲ˶ˡ
߲оһΪһս׼ǧ꣬һսǰδеĸ߶ȡ
Ǿʢһ壬ȴңǿֻܹӲдµĵӣͬٸ򿳹вһɱĺ
սһʱʮߵѾնɱ֮ڣѪʱһߣȻһ˶ûԽԽʢ
䵱ǰǸСӣ߷죬һƶĽһ㣬иһӣѪ죬ĺ
˫Ŀ֮кһйȿ裬ֲһ½Ҷˡ
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ҶĻ䣬һƥڹ⣬ͬһ֮˿ȥΧ˷Բ
ԭڷɱϷɣȻҶѣǵɫ΢΢һ
ֱϹâϸСķ֮ϵľһ󲨶

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ԭ͸ĹĻ˵ע˲תµĹ켣·صİ塣
䣡
ǵڹ⣬ݺݵײڹĻϣһ죬Ļ鿪Ϊ۵ϷɣһѪҲɫһ԰Ѫ
ǿߵһ̫ǿˣȻ˺ɱˣ㽫ֲһסˡ
ǵסһΧһӾ͵ùˣԲߵӣһʱ䱻촷ۣһ벻ߵӱնɱ
ϹԼɱæ
ϷһǵѪϵߣһĳ
Ӳвһ£Ҷһ˾ղŽ˴Ǿ㵲ס˹Ҳֻּ
һɫһ䣬ɫͷȸҪ׼һȻһ
ͬҲҶǰʹΣ
λ壬ѹ󣡡
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696 ʥ
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ʮ˶һҶǸһ֣ʹΧЩֵסǹˣ׷׺ˡ
ǿһǿ𺧵ĵ
ǸҲǴ꽻ˣȻƷ֮Աǣ򣬻ǷǳĽġ
һǿᣬ޷ƿǵĶ̰壬ͬҲһĶ̰塣
ٺ٣ҶСгϢʮ΢΢һЦض׻򣺡ҶغλӣҶﱬˣӦлɵϼһǧ򶼶ˣ
ǿǿߵͷֱɢ֮ƣսΧʱ׼ӦҶϾҶֻѡ
䣡
һߣ׻ɵһ̣ɫ䣬йȷ裬ǿƿ
ϧ̫СҶ׻ʵҶԼû뵽ӣ˲˼
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ͬʱеɻǹֱһߵҪȥôõĻץסͲҶˡ
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Ҷɻǹ񹥣ҲţȻϹһЩǿĽڰ֪Ҫء
һһߵֵҶĹһ俴Ҷ˫۷⣬һ˿Ķˮûıߡ

һŭһйҶңȫҶ֮
һȰŷĴʹȫסʱ׻ͻ֣ǿߣˣͼֲסˡ
㣿ֺαؿɴֿҰ㿾ˡҶĵȰ
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Ϊ׻ǷΧֵңʮˣҲ޷æҶԽż
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һߣһеͷȣƿգҶ﹥һǰδеĸ߶ȡ
Ҷд󾪣ȥҪ군ˣϻ쵰̫ǿˣȻ֪ѪȼգҲ˶á
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Ǹһߣԭͱ˹׽ʱҶǽ͵ϮһǹӦʱȻܣɱһǹС
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Ҷһǹһ߼ǳǹ죬ƴȫע֮УӭҶɻǹ
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ۼҶɻǹ£æ֮бܿͷ­ҪɻǹŴɽļϡ
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ڸ׻֮ɻǹ̺Żɽһ㣬ڴʱ˲緢

ʹǽǿߣһҲһҺȥ
ȥɣ
ʮôϷǧѷĻ᣿׷״̳еĳǹȫɱ
䣡
ԭ˵һߣ˺УһеĲλ˵İӣֲȫ顣
һ߲ǽڵĹǿʹ˳ûβһ˦Ҫͳ˵İΧ

һֲ׻֣һ˲佫ɣһѴ޾ɱǹݺݵԴϡ
ۣ
һߵͷ­飬һӰոմʬзɳͱɻǹ

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𶯣˵սмľ룬ֲĲ˹纣ļ¡
ԶԶȥӰڷײռ䲻ͣر飬ڵĿռͣأһ㡣
ãλЩ
ʮһϻãǹ裬ȻãǱһЩѡ
ѪԡѪͷһ˿˿ɼǣǱԷʥĸֲпġ
˿ϸſֲʥѹϱ̬Ҳָܹ̻
ϵϢ΢΢ЩңǸ󲿷ֵĹɴϽ£һϾͱޱȳ
ԭֻǽڣǿһ˿ླıϣ޷йǰ档
ϾǸ棬Ѿͻ˲ླȴҶƻ˵䣬ϾһʱҲǰ벽ࡣ
ֵĹ⻷ǲ⻷ȻʧƷɿǸ⻷ȡһ˿֮Ϊá
һ͵޾ֻҪز࣬ͲݽߣǲླĿ֮
Ͳ֮ľ룬޷ԵģϺܹ֧ôãѾ𾪲ˡ
֪޾ģٴģͨǸƷĲ֮ȥ䣬ɱǶˣʱ⡣
ɻ̣
Ȼһȴһǹ棬ֱĺģֲѹȻ΢΢һ
䣡
˽ϣиֲӳ빥ĳǹײһ
һǣǳǹϵĿͬɽ緢⧲֮£һǹɡ
Ҷ
Ϻʹ϶һһֱս˿ҷģ֪ǱսϷһС
Ҷһǹɣ־ϲʱлɨһǱߵս
ֻӺǣͬвһնɱߵӣҲɱҡҡ׹Ƹһ浹
Ҷﵽɫ΢΢һ䣬ɨһսЩŵĵǾȻڹɱˣ
еڹǣλڵǿߣԱˡ
ɱôô˵أǲɱǽףеڹǣѾƤϴ͵ϼһһ¹ˡҶ￴һ棬Цĵ
ʹǴϺλܣҶݺһССȻҸһ߽а塣
һȺ׳գǽһɱΣֻҪɱõ֮Ѫ㹻ˣ
ϸһĨ˫Ŀ֮ȫɭĹâ˵
ŶԭˣҶˣǳһ壬Ѫѹôں˵ҶﲻȻ
ϻö˵ˣȫɣ
ߺȻǸ⻷΢΢һؼ۶
еĸֲȻɹâһӽǰȫ֡
ն


699 
һŭȣһɳ˻Ϣһӽ
Ϻϴһû뵽棬Ȼʱӿֲ
ǹ⣬üƬ̫ͬҫۣڽڵȫעǹ֮С
ҶʮҲҵһ棬û˸ӣһսϵһδ׷ȫӭ
İǹ⣬ĸֲӭȥ
䣡
һ죬ʹ˺ɱֲǹɻصɣҴɵľͿԿ˵Ĳࡣ
ϺֻǱ˰Ҷȴɳǧ֮⣬ʮңֱӱɳ֮⣬ǹ飬һѪ
ʱ棬۷״̬⻷˼£һؼǿ
ȼѪȼձԴѪܹصȣ
۵
Цһһշһ죬ͬһһ㾶ֱҶ
СӣҺܸȤһֱֶҶץ
Ӷ˹֣һ㶼Ȥ
׻򣡡
Ҷһŭȣɫ棬ԲհΧͬһ涼˽
汻׻ɣһǵһǿֹŹֵ
Ҷǿֲ׻ýڵǿ߶ΪͷۣǾȻ޷˺档
Ĳ⻷ȻȻȻ˿޷塣
ǿ򣬿ϧЧ
һϧһҶץǸСһ㡣
Ҷͷһæ׻򣬼ȻЧǾͲ˷ѱԪˡ
еɻǹһֳľǹӰȻǼɻǹʥ
ɻ̣
΢΢һЦͽ͵ģ
еĸֲһ죬ҶĳǹϣҶǿɴɽһĸֲϣһ죬Ľ
ҶƺһֱһʹѿѪȾɻǹȻԼķ֮ˡ
Ȼǿ޷Ҷһ˰
ʱϺϸϵǹס棬һϺȡ
ҶϿеӳˣ
ϵ⻰ҶͷһһֲõĸоԼǵ͹Ŀֲ
ϵ˼ѾˣⳡսѾûҪȥˣȫ棬˿ԵסҲֻʱסѡ
˭Ҳ벻֮ǰǸһ棬Ȼôʵǲ֪ǣǸҲԼĿԡ
ĲߣԼİӵĲ֮ǿ֮ĸɺų⡣
Ȼǿƥʵÿγ嶼ڳ֮ѾʼʱһԼᱻֲ֮
ûĲ⻷޷ƿ֮ģ˵һǧ˰٣ֻҶ˲֪ѡ
ŸʲôϽߣۣ
ϼҶﻹڳɣһŭʹγԷֲѪ硣
ʱʮҲ˹еǹѾ飬ϺϱѪӶˣһҪֿȭĳȥ
ȴҶһסʱһѾ֪үӣѪȥһʱᱻĩ
ظˣ
ҶԺеľ΢΢һ£ӦȻֻһӲ࣬ȷʵܸ㶨ġҪ֣ʹȫʢʱڵġ졯ĻһӳеԪ
νϽɰɡҶŲںʲôԪֻҪܸ棬ʲô
˵꣬ȻΪǲߣȴѾﵽˣдá
ҶһŭСҪԶʳ
ȿȣ˵ôûҵ궼ҪɻСһΪּûˣֻвߵ꣬ҸӿٵĻָ
û⣬ϽİɣҵүүѪ¹ˡҶλүһѪһ߿֧ţĵҪʮ岻ɵ¡
İɣǻԳһģǲߵһһʱĳ˯
ɣҪˣˣô죿Ҷﲻһ̡
ǾֻܿԼˣ˯ʱ䣬ǧҪעⰲȫҹӦÿԻָȫʢʱڣǸʱǾͿȥѰҵһ壬аȫѹˡ
ҪֿˣҶﲻʵ
û취飬ѵҪ磬ôȥ𣿡̾˿а񲻱ӡ綼ᱻȾʲô壬ԽԽ˽ԽԽаԶɱ¾ͳ֮С
Ҷһ˵ͷЩѾע˵ģû뵽ԼаһؾĽɫ

ϽҶУԭҶߣҶסʮȻһܵһϢ
Ҷк𶯣ƱɫԲһ˲ɺɫУת
һ٣һʱ˸ӦزһֵĿҶеĶϽ
ϺҲһȻҶеĶϽϸһĨͬʱõҶﴫȥ
ʱ棬Ǳͨߺ嶼鲻Խڲ
ĵʲôһֵʵ
ԺȻ㣡
Ҷһȫոս纣ȫע֮С
ʵҲô˵ΪעģǾͬˮһ㣬ֱӽԪһβʣ
о֧ռ䣬ڵҶʹеȥˡ
ԲۣúݣһζʣȫƣҶﲻԹ
ϻ˵ȫոǿԼȫ״̬µġ졯׼ãҪˡûĵ
Ҷһ˫Ŀ֮оâһԶ˫Ŀɲ棬ǸһĨ΢Ц
мҪ˵ãҪǽûˣҸ㼱
İɣϽ֣
ҶеľҶĶ֮Ŀռ䣬ʼͣزź¡¡ı죬˶ⷢ顣
ϣظֳһ˿ɫĹǹĳ֣ҶµĴغȻ飬ߵʮ屻һɿֱֲɡ
Ҷеľֱָ֮ʱȻؼһʧˣֻܸеһɿֲɱ֮
죡


700 һ帲
죡
ҶһϺȣеĶϽն£һ˲ռͣͣʱ侲ֹֻһɫĹâжһһնȥ
ʱг˿־壬ҶеĶϽܵȵĿ־塣
һϣ˽ǹɿ־żȥĲ⻷ȫת
ۣ
һѪʱǿת֮ı׶ڳˣʱأѾ˲ôˡ
ȫעеĸֲ֮Уֲâ֣ӳ˰գƱݺݵؼǰ
䣡
ֻһɫĹâɹضпˣѿһֱ쵽ľͷ
ѿգǾֹһ㣬ظһּΪ𺳸о
ۣ
ԭϺȻһ죬ЩŵĿһԼ壬Ȼһ죬ֿ
ͬеĸֲ棬Ҷղһ˴ȫпѪ䣬֮Ѫ졣
ˣ
ҶеľȻֱӴ˲񷣬ĽҶǰһһͬˮһһߴľ޴Ӱرա
ǵӰ꣬ʱһԾ޽ûһ˿أƮ
ʱҶɻǹ֣һֻѣʳһ㣬ǰ塣
Ҷﱾֹģ뿴Сһܲȥֱոշɳͱһɿֲ޷
Ҷ֪ǾĹȻһԶʳɻǹζ޷ͨķʱѾ꣬ҶɱȫˣȻһȻֱʧصҶʶУָ˰
ɻǹŬ˰죬ʲôҲû̵ɵҶߣΧҶֱת·һߵĺӣԼί
Ҷ΢΢һЦһѽɻǹץУοİɣ³ԱˣԺ궼ˣ
Ҷİɻǹ㰲Ҷһ죬Ƭʬջˡ
ϡϺʮ壬ʱŷӦǸֲ棬ľôɱˡ
ųƾڵһʥ˿Եֵϲһ̾
뵱ԼȻвЩԳǸʱΪƾԼƷԼĶôĿЦ
Զգﱻһǧѷ죬ȴʼ޷պϣǸѷ̺֮һֳԽһķؾȻ޷
ʵ̫ˣֵҵǣѿֲҶһҪȫûˡ
ˣĻȥѹŵһʯҲǷ
үүүүʮ壬ǹȥɣǱӦҲβ׶Σ
Ҷ˷սʱ򣬹ȻͬҶ˵սӽβ
һĵѾɢӺǣڷ׷ɱ©֮㡣
ΪڣЩһΪĵӣ޷ӳΧģȴǵĽɱ¾
սҪҪֻһĳޣֻѪϴս
Ҷϧǣٶȸ˻ǿ߱ɱˡ
һǿߣλΧ֮£ʱ䶼ûͦסп
Ҷ˸գǿߣлǽڣô˷ˣƵҪ
һڵǿߣոȥ껹ûб飬Ҷæô֣ͣɻǹɡ
ɻǹǸҲʼʵһǸߵ󣬾ѾʼЩ鲻ܲˡ
սûнοôˣ͵أϧļһûյսһ꣬պͿʼˡ
Ǻǣǹʱ򣬾;Ժһܲû뵽ҶУô죬ѾǣѾӵʥ֮ˡҶеǹοĵ
үүɻǹʥ𣿡ҶﲻЩɻʵ
ʥô򵥾ܽɹģȻɻǹ겻Ʒʣǲ࣬޷ʥȡȻѾʥֻһΣʥԶءҡҡͷ
Ҷһ㶣ЩɻĿ˿ϺеĳǹʵѵλүүеǹҲʥ
ϵͷеǹʥֻǿ˵׼ʥ꾭ǿԴﵽʥı׼ƷϻǲһЩ޷ʥҪõһʥûеô򵥣飬Ժٸ˵ڴɨһսɣսˣһüˣ
˵ϲ緢˶࣬˫Ŀ֮ȫ֮ɫ
ĳԹһĽˣĸоޱɡ
սѪɺӣʬɽԭʮһӣѾɱֻʣǧˣĴڴ֮УǾͬͷӬһײӲȥ
һĸѾûκһЩӺǣ׷ɱ©֮⣬ѾʼҶ
ϴҽֵĻ԰ɣ
Ϸɷܹ˫Ŀ֮ȫ˷֮ɫһսνǴͷ񫡣
СӣġûҶػʮһ˸Ĵָ
ϷɵıĿˣһθܵʦĿֲϷսϣֱһƶĽ
ʮ壬ǧ̫Сβ̵ȥҶЦ
ϴ⻰ǻֵܵĵġϷЩίĵ
û⣬ʲôˡҶЦ
Ϸεı飬һЦˣҲڿڽЦѡ
Ϸ߳ŭĿҹ꺮˵ǾͲ˵乫
ҹ꺮ޱ⣬˶ۿ죬һҸʶ˵ӡ
ıִҶˣأбֲ˲ŸŪԼĸƵģ˸ߴҽУ±˲֪µһ㡱ҶҶļ
ϷɺȻ˿ŮһĻȻ򣬺Ȼͨڵϣ˶һ
Ϸһм֮ɫҶĴȵϴҸô꣬ڿϰ椾͸¶ˣ
Ϸǰ񣬼ڵĶߵ硢ŷŮͨ죬ҶŭĿӡ
쵰ַëˣһѽţƤһϷ˦ɣȥԺ϶гˡ
˱ϷɶĹЦ֮ʣսȫˣеһӣȫնɱһգһڲ
ҶȻһӣ߱УȳǸ߷ų
ϣһѾȫ߱ȽϤȥбһץˣųɣԸҶҲܾԸߵģҲǿ
ǸߣһǰսпһҶߵǿǣ˵ͷͶҶǣʼء
ǸߣȻһ紵һյӰϿա


701 ɨս
СҲ԰𣿡ҶЦ

ȻϵӰʧСﻯһȭͷСС񣬷ɵҶļϡ
Ҹǽһ£СǺĽս˫СдүүǸүүǸǡ
ҶСܸң˶ˣǴ˵еĴڣû뵽Ȼ
Ҿ˵һ޾ǣ޹ңӲû뵽ȻҶô׽
Сﲻ˵Ҳϲ˽ΪҶӣֻһȥ
ϻ޾£֪һԸܹ˵ѾˣҪ׽ɱҲġ
Ҳ֪Ҷʲôù°صĸôϵ˷ѽ⡣
ȻС￴ֻȭͷС˫Ŀ֮н䣬ˣû˻İС񿴡
ҿʼɨսɣ;ȫռҶ￴һս
ϾеȫþǳִˣȻǳԲ֣֮ȻղУϿǺõģػ¯Լ
һ壬ҶҲǹùģԭץ˲ʦ㹻ս֮ǰһţһʿ
ЩȫҶҲ˵ôŬǸҶ׼ġ
ĸľ˵ʬ壬ҶСģҶģƤʯģƤס
ƤףǸںڵƤףһǷֱǱ̬
ҶСУƬ벽Ҷгڴ
սȻ󣬿һĵ̫ˣ֮ʬ廹ԭһǼŵľ޴Σռ˼ѡ
һʱʱ䣬ŽսɨɾһЩϴƬҶˡ
ʮžˣСҶЦľȰţЩȵǶ԰ɣ
С˫۷Ź⣬һռôྦྷˣϲЩԹպܾˡ
ҶǾԵΣΪͣһɽˣҪչüӵЩϲ
ôͽ׾ˣÿһЩȲֿˣ
ɵҶУ̵˼ž˺ֻصҶļϣʱҶļ򣬳ֻء
ˣǻˣ
ʱ󣬲ϻˣͬʱȻʮ˻ЩǱһץĿ
ϣҾһʦĳƺǽСҶɣ
ҶæҡͷǸһӵзǷյˣֵ𾴵ġ
οһýǿߣΪ˼壬踺أθУȷʵֵء
ˣԼᣬϵƷоԵøѵˣΪԪ̫鶼Ϊ˲ࡣ
Ҷһһ֮и⣬ж
Ӣ죬Ҳ̷ǷˣôϹͷˡ̾˿
ΪʦȻ׽ΪūеİڣȴҶַ۷
ҶһϲȻ֮ǰ˵ֻҪܸһ壬ͻ
ǸʱҶ֪ЩǿϾȲϣһĿԣһ˿Ҳġ
ϵûа㲻ԸĻŭţ˾Ͷлˣ
ǺǣҾͲˣЩˣһСҵĺˣʣµЩҲǱ׽ĿʹˣǶԸ׷㣡
ЦǺǵ˵˵ߣϵı΢΢Щ죬ҶȻ
οռ䣬λ潻ӣɣҲزȥԲŻôĸԸĸҶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻ޷ǻȥҿԴȥҵ硣ǸʱҪԸңԸ⣬Ҳǵɣǿʱ뿪
Ҷôһ˵ʮдϲϾ˭ҲԸһū
ȻҶūûΣգʧȥɵζǷǳʹġ
һĨͣǰ׷ӣϾһ۷ʣ˵õĻû˻ȥɡ
ϣһ£λҵүүҲһƶˡүүǲϣʦ㿴ǴʦƷ໥Ҷｫ̷İ׼ʥ˳
İѸֲһ֣ÿռһ󼤵ֲѹɢôϺϴһ
ϣҲóİѸֲĹգ̾øļգþտַǿĹף
˵ãİѸֲ漫֮⣬ͬΪߣԼϣ˼ҲԶˡ
ˣ̷ܲ𰡡̷æҡֵһĻ쵰ȫҪЮʵҴЩȫ
ѵǴ˵еġɫһ䡣
̷ͷʹ߻ΪıŰϢʼÿ񱩶ײϣᱻɡЩԭһõģһ岻ǸһʹҵıҲǸ⣬˿Ի
Ҷһû뵽ʦȻĺУԼǿĻҲҪŵ
ҶϷˣϷԲẦģȥҽȫʥ̷Ц
ʦʥϲһ
Ҫ֪󲿷ʥģɽʥ̫ģ֪ʲôԭʥĶ֮ѾϾ
ڵʥ϶鱦𽥽ΪʥֱʥѾ˴˵
ǿԣֻһʥΪУֻһʥ꣡
̷˵꣬жһƿƿ֮һ겨ڰϢһ˯Ӥ
Ǹ겨Ȼңڳ˶оһ󲻰һϵѹơ
ʥ꣬ϴģû䣬⣬룬ҲûռȥʥǱһ׽طԭΪҲ̷壬Ҫ˵أû뵽ʱתȻֻҸұֻ֤Ҫ㹻ĲϣҾͿͳһʥ˵̷˫Ŀ֮ȫǿ֮ɫ
ʥ꣬ǲ洫֮СôˣСӲҵҶҡҡͷ
Բӣٺõıû֮أǷֻҪܹһжֵˡ̷
϶ϲͷ̷Ϊһʦݹİһûʲô
⣬Ҷǹ֮꣬ǿƥպɾ޿ɹƷϣҪȥץʱռϣҽǹȫһΡ
ҶһϲɻǹΪΪϲοĽʽԼǳͬһһǹͨսѾĸ飬ɻԼʱϲ
Ǻǣһ忴Ƕϲˣ߰ɣǻȥúףһ¡οЦ
˵ͷȫʵͨȥռͨҶȻͣ


702 Ƴ
΢΢һ㶣ʵô
ʱͨٵһ岢ĵϵǷ֧ͨڣһһǿҵ鷳ˡҶһصĵ
ҶｫԼͨѻ꣬һ壬ʼĩԭԭ˵һ飬ô϶һ
û뵽һȻֻһССķ֧水ҶۣǴδȡѪĻôһоͶ˵ͨˡ
԰֪ʷӦ֪Ĵڣôɻĵ
ҶҡҡͷʷǿԸıģҲˣοҲˣһʷ֮УӦòҵļ¼
ڴҶûκΪǶԾĻɣҶｫԼԭԭظǡ
ôһ˵Ŀܡϳ˼һ£ͷҶȷʵкܸߵĿŶȡ
δôǾǻʱͨɿҵǵλꡱϵ
޷ҵλΣʱͨҪҪͨأҲҪܳʱ䡣ߣʱǳɳҪǸǾ͸ɱǼˣǾɱȥȫɱ⡱Ҷһ
Ϻ϶һۣԷеһĨͣҶݵ죬ȴϸ緢ɱϵԸ
ռͨЩ鷳߲٣һٺ󣬾Ͳܷˡѵ
ʱͨǳ̬һֵͲĹһ㣬ͷ޷ƻģֻܴԴͷ֣һ壬ͽʱͨˡ
ͽҰɣүүүүȹȥϾ
Ҷôһ˵ҲٶʣҶȻ˵ܹ쵽;ԿԣǾͲȥˡ
λүߺҶ￴˿̳һ£ȡһֱԲȡһ׼ʥĸֲ棬ڼ̳м䡣
ϳƷԾƷǼ̵ļ̳Ȼڸֲǰжһ㣬˿пһ󶴡
ڶʱҶǳСģΪ̳ϷҶܿһЩǿķģһƻЩģʱͨرգҶ޶ûطȥ
ȻҶ˺֣СߣСռ䣬ڲͬλ֮䴩
֪Ǳߵ׸˶λ棬СĴ󣬾͸ûͷӬһײһҲȥ
СؽںãҶѾǽŵһͷ󺹣ĵĸоǲá
ԲСķУóһͨĸֲ棬̻һϵơ
ϵƣһʵʱһϿӵ㡣
طԲϺȡһѸֲ棬ͷϵһ߽߸ߵ
ϸУһ·λ߽һͷϵԶʯϣһ죬߽·һѸɲǶԴԼСеز
ɲ߽ֻһɶߵľ룬Ҷֵһǣڸɲϣֱʱͨڡ
Ҷǵλڸɲϵʱ򣬷Բʮɵĸɲȼܻ档
ʮɸߵĻ棬ͣǸ߽һʼ߽ûʲôһ߽֮ʼڣִ
ǰɣ
߽ʱڱնϣǵڰյĸֲ£ֱӵһѸֲ档
λӣպǷĵͷã㱻

㱻ӣֲϵķıĸֲһ˲û죬ͬȼһ㡣
ԭһֱֹԲܵǸµӰ죬һ·֣ԽԽ
䣡
Ȼѿֱֲӽʮڵһȫݻ٣̳ը˷ĩ
ҶڿռͨڱУȻеͨһ𶯣һѵˣôô죿ûܳͨء
ͷһҶŵˣʱͨʼٱ飬ͬ޵Ĵ죬ɶ
ܳ󣡡
Ҷһ̤֮Ӱٿ񱼡

һأȫۼһʱͨĿӣЩ
ҶôЩü
䣡
Ȼһ죬ռͨ飬ֲ˹ɫ䡣
⣬ҶȻû֡Ҳɫһ䡣
ʱͨˣҶӰӶûһʱɫΪѿ
飡
Ȼռ䱬飬һǧľ޴Ӱ˿ռ䣬ǰ
ϳˣ֮ҪȻЩԣΪǸ޴Ӱ˷һæܡ
䣡
ر飬޴Ӱײڴϣһ·Ǳطȥر˼ʮĴ󹵡
ֱһɽײ촷ۣӰͣһ΢ǱӰ֡
Ҷһ
ǸҶۼžҪյ㣬ǱߵıĿռ׷ϣΣʱСֳ壬Ҷ˳
ǱǿֲĿռ֮ļΪǱ˶ǿȻǱһЩûˡ
СֱȭͷСɵҶļϣҶЦ㹻ɿ
ʱҲӭȫһ󻶺һսĽˣһһѩĳ衣
ǰ׷Сӣһ֮ŤתǬӣѾֳỨϴˡ
ʤˣ
ˣҶһһ쳹š
ʤˣ
һĵӣǣ߾еȭͷһŭйǵеļ
һףҹҶջصǣҲ˽
ٶǸжѣһ壬Ǹܲһ˿⣬һֲǿߣȴûһ˿⡣
ҶϷɵˣЦȾƣڳ⣬ûаӣ۷
ҶｫͶϵˣټʱҲ˳ŵǽһɽĻ˭Ҫ뿪ͻ뿪
ҶǣȻûһ뿪ʾԸ
ǱϾҲɵӣûһӲĿɽǸ첻ȥġ
ˣɾȥ˻𣬾ͱˡ
Ҷеĵ΢΢һЦû˵ʲô˶ϹԺǾǲϵˡ
ϾҪһЩӵģʮˣȻӴ󣬵ѻɽĲϣʮѣҪ¯ıͬһǳ޵պýҶֲǡ
ϸ̷嵥һԲʮɽȣΪȣأޱߣطȱ
̷õߵط̾ͿʼָˣһӶĿʯȫ¯һ󹤳̣ȳΪæµĵط
ź˲̷˺󣬴϶Ҷһº󣬾Ϳʼ˱չأΪһս漫ƿɶҪո
ϱչغ󣬼вս֮ˣҲ̱չأҶﵽˣֱŮסȥ


703 ֮һ
ŮסĵطصһأһԲǧС
һС̲߮һܰĸо·һԴһ㡣
ҶŮסŮһϲһͨ죬Ŀתȴ֪ô˵
Ҷһ֪䣬·λ˸һ㣬ǲǸң̫ĻҪ˵ȴ֪Ӻ˵Ρ
绨գҶҲ˵ôվǣ۾δ硢¡ŷǡҶ诡Ҷǳɨ
һ˵ӰһξߢĻ䣬˵Ķˡ
֪Ҷһΰ룬һкնۼһ𣬴ͬߣǽһ龰
Ҷ磬ʲôôֵֹģһˮЩֵĵ

ҶһŷӦԼȻǳûϢؿˮ˰߳
Ŀ΢΢һУһ˿Ϸʣɵʱ϶ţƵʱ龰أ
µĻǳ¶ǣŮĻ˵ڣղҶı飬ϲߣŮĿݺݵصҶ
ҶһΣﲻһ֣̫ˣ䲻಻Զӣ
Ϲ˵ҶεһЦ
У㣬ûļһĿһתɵǸһĨȣ΢Щмĵ
¾Ȼ˲ӣݺݵصһۣаСҵţԺץˡ˺ĶӾ͸ա
ºȻɫһ죬Ŀ֮ˮӯؿҶһۣȻڿڽЦѽǽ㣬ýʧŶ
ҶﲻһȻˣºһƶһ켼ܣѾ۷壬ϱҪߣԼǵ˼Աһ
ҶڼƤȳǽɲøеƤһȣҴ󵨵Ŀ⣬Ҷﲻͷ
¾һΣյĸԽŮˣԽ׼Ҷ
㣬˵ʲôôһãĿˡ
ŮӶһͨ죬СⷽһƬֽһ㡣
ŮĽֲ֪ͣοڣһʱ䳡ִһ˿죬˵ܰ
ǵģƺһôӶҽ𣿡ҶЦ
Ůոպýǰ·סԶԶȥͺŮػԼһ㡣
Ůע⵽龰һЦСΪЦ
Ȼ˼ҲӭңۻǻȥɡҶ̾ϢһתͷҪߡ
ң
ȻֱֱֻһŷѾһ˱סҶһֱֻۣŷһŭĿ
Ȼ֪ҶĿЦģŷЩŭĿ֮ŨŨί
ҶвûڣÿЦŷǰΰֱۣоͷˡ
ֱ۹ŷǵķǰһ£̾ǣڻظ˵ػǿϲɺذ
ҶĶ̼ŷǻĸ͸˵ƻĿ֮ûаŭ⣬Ҷĸ첲ĸˡ
ѽѾҪȲأҪҶͽĳ˾͵˰ɡӣԳЦҲǰĲ˿ҶΡ
½㣬û
ŷʱҪγѪˣ߳һɿҶֱӱҸȥ
ѽǶ𱨰½Цţŷǵ֣ͬеĺһ㣬ȥ
ЦһӺεĸоҲʧˣҶҰܵŮһ»ӭ
ںߣʲôʳǺеС㣬ͳ˴ҵĿ꣬һ¾ͳԿ㡣
ΪҰ壬κ˲ֶΣֻʵʵش
ҶСȡһǳ֣˼㹳Ůȡ˿ߡƯʼߡ
ΪеС㣬ޣֻͨС㣬˾ڵ򾣬׷׿ʼ㡣
ǾһȺһ㣬Ϲʱ˷ܵĴУ˷ȴһзա
ȴеһв죬㹻ˣҶͿʼȼ𣬼𿾼ܣʼ㡣
һĹ򣬿Ʈ㣬Χ𣬳ſ㣬ƣҶʱʱ˵ϼӣŮ࣬׷Ҷ֡
ˣҾͿһϯض˵Цţ·˵Ļ⡣
Ҷ˵ôͬһŮ㣬ϣʱʹ˶
Ҷû飿¿Ҷϣϵǣ̾Ϣһ
ǶóѾ֣·һֱѹ
ἰʱŮҲֹͣ˵۾Ҷ
Ҷ磬ĺܿ͵͵ļһᣬĵġЩ̵ĵ
Ҷҡҡͷ̾˿Ҷ֪Ҳܽ
ΪʲôŮ
ǱȻȻͬһˣǲͬһꡣҽ˱ôȻˣôɱˣǱˣҡҶϸһĨ
ΪϧԺЮ飬֪ܲ
ڱȻļ֮ǰǲܱܽģһֱѣԳȻһֱѣǶڷֿİһֱѡ
ǳȻֻǱӵΪУ򷲽ǧеһѡ
һȥһļ䣬Ǹܣβ֣˸ѣû˻ɵȥС
ΪȨȥֻռȫ֮һ
֮һֳַǧɣЩعֻܴŹ֮ع飬κεļ䡣
ܵ˳ȻӰ죬ҲһǱʶѣҪָǶμ䣬ǧѡ
εǣ飬˭Ҳû취ֻܿԼǾǱȥھǶμ䣬Ҳ޴֣˶˽ά֮С
ľǱŮȴﲻκεæȰһҶ
Ҷôһ˵Ů˳ĬҶԳȻУǶҶǶθ飬ɱҲ
ǲ̫ˣʱıһеģһȵһ죬ʱһһʢĻҶﰲο
У˵Ҫ޸𣿡ֿʼˡ
޸ңſʲôҶﲻŭ
ҶֻǴոֶѡЦ

Ҷˣ̸۱֮ʣɽڣӣһˣգĿ֮һ˿į
ҶڻԴߺɽˣԭĵӣȫܹˡ
ɽɽЦ״ŭ쳣״һֱûгͷңҿŭɫҺ¡
һ㶼ڣֻҪܺúõػţҾˣҲĸԸ
֪㰮ĲңǲǺɵܴ
УӨ飬Žգ䣬ڵϣʪ˱壬̻һͼ


704 Ƽ
Ҷ˶ȹǳеʱ⣬Ҷֿʼµæµ
󲿷ǿߣǣʼ˱չأΪһս̫ʢˡ
ѪȵսϴǶ˸ĸȻչأΪЩ
ոǸսʱǹΪѵʱ˭Ҳ˷ѡ
һ壬ֻʣһЩẢӣⲢҪģΪҶﲻҪչأǲŸҷĵıչء
ҶȵʱȣɵȻ죬ǽʯͣ
һ󲿷æŽԭɻı׷׻¯ȣͬһ޴¯һ㣬ˣһЩΪֿסֲʼֻʡ
Ҷߵ¯ǰѾ˺öɾǿߣ̧ȥ
ϣôȥаҶ̷ԱߣΧЩǵͬһǣҡͷ
̷ȫעĿ¯𣬺ȻһɫһŭҪѵ⣬ȻҶҪ˵Ļֱ˻ȥɫٲÿ
ҶʱˣԼ˼ҹˣæǸϣǲ˼ˣ
ԭ̷ȷʵһӻΪ⼸죬ѵЩʱЩʱ޷⣬ÿ춼Ҫŭˡ
ԭʦ򽻵Ƣܺõ˲Ź֣û취ԭһ֣һɱˡ
ǾԺЩôҲͱɱˣһʱᣬ޷ҵʵ֡
ǧʱ򣬾Ҳܴʦɻ飬Ҷв֪һʹùͷ
Ҷϴ̷Ҳ˼ٷƢϾҶľˣƽղ˵ʲôû壡
˵Щ̫ˣЧʣȥɲаҶ
ǰ⼸ӣѵ˼죬ϿԴˣϧΪ̫ˣؼʱ̶סҪ˵ʥˡ̷̾˿
Щ˶ɾΪ̫ڻ֮ǰ׼ʥǶܲסǿֲ˵ʱˣ˵ǰæʥ붼ˣտǾ͵ιȥ
һǿߺǣ˵ʦ֣ҲΪ߾ģҪߵ츳ͷԡ
Լºڣ˵ΪҶʥ׼ʥò̷岻ЩȣЩƢ󣬶Ҫˡ
򵥣Ҷ˵ݸ̷һӶ
̷ЩɻĿһۣʹʦݣҲһ㽫ӵڵϣʮƬҶӡ
裿̷һ
Ҷ˵ͷвЩ⣬ǰ̫æˣС죬ԼҪʧ֮ˡ
벻ҲϵⶫҶЦ
̷Цһ£ҡҡͷУʶĺٰҵʶʶңǴӹż֮пĽܣû뵽֮꣬Ȼῴ裡
ϣЩţٸһЩһֵʵЩɻˣҲܰ׸ɲǣȻÿ˶ܵõҶȿ裬ȴʲôġ˵껰ҶֵݸһСӡ
ͬʮƬҶӹҶ̷һͷҲ̷һӣûǳ׷ˣ
һƬҶܹ߷񣬶ҶｫҶͨҶֱͣǳװѲ̷ҷˡ
Щ裬ǵΪķߣʥĴƣԴǰˡ̷ؿڱ֤
Ǻãһоͽˣ費ãǵҡҶ΢΢һЦǱ˲̷塣
ˣ̷һʵɼң˵һӸղǸҪ˵ļƣܿ齻ˣȫġ
Ӳ߳ȲԶһɽɽ֮ϵһɽڣѾ۷ʯ⣬æĻơ
ʯ£żʮѧͽվԱ߿ţʱ׼ŵݹߡ
ҶﵽʱǶûз֣ȫ۾ضʯеۼס
ҶѧˣԼϰ壬Ҳ˼ҵĹҲϸĵĿš
ֻʯеۼףѾβ׶ΣСؽۼ׵ĺϷ촦ķĶԽӡ
ЩĶƬϵķģЩƬһۼϵķȫ·ǳ
Ȼ𣬵ûһ˿Ҷﲻаޣ֮ǧ
ʱַ֪Ƽ֮УѧʿҲǺ纣Լ֪̫ˡ
ԼһʱʱȻһȫԪһĶԽӡ
ˣ
ռһ¶ǼƤ׺Ȼâʢ˴죬â˸ƾˡ
һ
ʯһ˷ܵĿеƤף˫Ŀ֮ȫǵ֮ɫĿһؤһ䱦Ҫȡ
ϲ
ҶʯγѣæҶ񣺡ʯˣ
˵ˣϰ壬ʲôˣƽȺҶҡҡͷƺǳᣬоԼūһ㡣
ʯҲԽҶ˵ܶˣǸĲڣҶʮֵ
ܺãȻܹӹƤˡҶӹƤףϱɶ칤գ̾
Ƽʦ̫ǿˣȻһƤףȻ̺漸˳ɵķʵ졣
Ҫ֪ƼʦʦҪټʯӵǿ󴫳еƼʦͬëǣҲҡ
Ҫ֪һ壬ˣϾ˶ܹһ
ƤףǸողǿߣ޷ƿƤ׵ķɼƤжôľˡ
Ҷ佱ʯⲻĻŭţ˷ܵĵʯⲻֻϣܹ֮꣬һЩǿĴ֮
Ҷ΢΢һЦʯ⻹һƫִ񣬲Ҳѹ֣ˣŻһԵĳ̶ȡ

Ҷһӣ޴ƤʯǰͬһСɽһ㣬ɢſֲѹ
ʣµĸǿߵƤȫҶ׼ʯҶ̫ˡ
ظµⲻҶЦ
ʯһϸ޴Ƥʱ˫Ŀ֮ȫǿ֮ɫ
֮ʯһɥĵڵϵĲϣ޷
Ҷ˵ͷԤ֮УûǿΪ޷һ߶Ʒġ
۷壬ҿܿͻƽҵķͻƽԺôڽеľͷ޷벻࣬Ҫ𣿡Ҷ֣صĵ
ʯʲߣҲսͣΪѣ󣬾ҲԶ޷ıϡ
ֻҪͻƽٴҶԸ⡱ҶȻа취ľ磬ʯⲻϲ
ƼʦսûκҪֻҪӦľУٺõĲϣҲˡ
Ҷͷһ죬ʯԼСС


705 г
ʮʯһͻƵ˽ĿǰΪֹصУǵһͻƽˡ
ĽЩһûѹƣֻͨԪܸӦǽ
˵ʷսĽ·ʯĪˣΪ֮κһˣնɱ
ΪееΪϣҶϿ̻ˡ͵족ġ
ҶڷʱķģΪ˾ȺСƳģʵҲ̻
ڵġ͵족ģʱһҶɽ֮Ĳ˼ĸĶ
ö͵족ĵǿȣǵ򱶣ΪֻҪ֮רΪҪǾ͸ʷٶĽ
ʯͻƽ磬Լ޷ȻǽеԪĻ̶ȣͨûʲô
Ϳ㹻Ԫȥ֮ϵǿƤҲˣҪʲôսֻҪԪڵõˣոսͬһ㣬ʼиǼƤҶﶼס
Ҷﱾ׺ȥϾԼУһΪƤ
ʯƨŻһ㣬޷ǼƤãԲ¡
֮£Ҳֻ˶ڱչأҶҲ˼͵Ҹû˵ĵطʼóտ
ҶտʱСԱ߳žˣСӳǶһ㡣
ľˣ죬ҪչأʱʱػԳ⣬ھƣĲС
ҶԼʼԼˣһͷڣͷڵ⣬Ȼֻʱ䣬ͳ˸⡣
߹ǿѳһɽˣÿѪ⾫ҶѾʼ̬ķչԼ֪Լ˶١
Ҵʱʼʹùʱ򣬷ԼĶͷϣȻֻצӣҶ˳˼
뵽һֿܣ²ȷôԼĹ澳Բ֮ʱĶͷϣӦóֵһͷͼۡ
ĻôԲʱӦþ;֮߱
ڴǴ˵еĴڣжǿ붼Ѫڡ
ʱ򣬳˴Ϻ⣬˶ʼ׷׳أغˣȻʵûԵϢԽĳˡ
ͨʱıչأÿͬʣطڣϢȹȥ¡
ϴ㿴ǶĥĲˣǲǸôȥɽȥɢɢˣϷɴʱѾЩȲĿҶ
Ҷ￴ˣѩ塢ҹ꺮ֻŮǣеĿҶ
ҪôŸҪôձˣһֱɽ֮ˣɽ֪֮٣˶кģʵǿˣȻȥ濴
Ҷ˵ͷǸóȥһˣЩϢҪȥһ㣬ȥȿڵңȥʲϺʯ⣬ҪɹЩʲô
ʱҶʮ壬ǶѾˣҶҲ԰ķżˡ
Ҷ˵Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬ʮҲû˵ʲôҶҪȥģֻǰ¾ͼϢ
һˣϲɽ˴򽻵û˸ųҶ˴Ͽȣ硣
ո磬ڤû˶֣ҶͷСȻ˲壬һǧڱ˰ա

СһţԲڤǣûһ˿ȫСУΪ֮һա
̫ǿˡϷһ̾ĵ
ǿĵطߺأҶԶ㣡
Ҷո˵꣬ûʲô˼أԭʵľ޴ӰȻһ
Ż
ԶڤСȻŻĶкɫĺɢŵζ
ŻȻֻҶѾŮԶǹŵζѬǡ
ҸæչΣȥԭҶϵȴֻС

СﻯΪһֻȭͷСҶļϣʱѾµͷۻ
˵ʲôԳԵģôôһܲܲʳ㶼ֲ𣿡ҶЩɸֵĵ
СԴҲ˵ڤȫǸϢûʲôǸζһ־壬·Ҫһ㡣
ҲԹСԼʱķʽԵģδڤ
ˣϽԼѹһѹ
СƣҶҲö˵ϽһѾ˸ԣž¶֮СоźһЩ
磬̫ˡʱϷѾҶߣСһĴָ
СббؿϷһۣû˵ʵֻҶһ˹ͨӲǡ
ԼĽ֮ԻҶһϣһַǳĶúУΡ
һ棬Ҷ㹻۵ʵҲֻҶˣʸš
ĽԴʵòϿɵˣһ仰˵ġ
ҶСﵽѵûŮģЩʵ
СȻݺݵصһۣ¶ʱһЦСǸŮأ֪СԻκ󣬻᲻һŮأ
ҶҡͷǲҪС￪ЦˣǲԻεģԼĽǵĽΪؼİ
޲һվʳĶˣȡؼǿΪʳǲģģ֮֮Ƶġˡ
˻ȻѹСʼֻǽСһ㶼䡣
ҶԺʵҲ͵͵һСﻯλʲô
뵽С̣ɵˣһСӣһɵ椣ҪǱһԼɵЦҶͼһսǧҪûĺá
ڤĺд˵ǰ濪·ֻɾµڤҶһ㶯ֵûС
󣬴ڤǰɽ֮ʼŨ
ɽǰԲʮ˷棬ҶﱻһڽǿΧĵط
ѾɵսҶ˼·лصǸʱСǸʱ뿪ġ
С뿪ʱĲ״Ҷ˫Ŀ֮ɱȻʥ½ˡ˲֣ң⣬뵽ľ뱻ͣһʹࡣ
ֵǣ̤ɽ磬ҪŪһ㣬ɽ綼ֵ֪ˡҶЦ
ҶǾΥЦݣϤҶˣ֪ɽҪˡ
ܹҶһݺɽ磬˲ѪӿֵؾۣѪս˷
Ҷȡһֻƣʮɽͼ˰ҵһꡪš
ǸһĨɭЦݣģ㻹ˡ


706 ׷
ţλɽвƫλãǧ򣬾ɽУҲڳ
ģǰøոƹضͻƽڣΧһЩΪ𺳡
ڽ죬ַǷΧٸǣ׷Ϻʾء
԰˷أȻϱֵʮֵȻȴǳϲָо
ϴħ֮󣬾͸оԼƿ˼ɶ󣬾Ϳʼ˱չء
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˵껰Ҷˣ뿪˾ţɽһ쵱ô߽ˡ


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һּ򵥵ջɳ²֮ƣһֱֵķǳԶΪȻΪĹһʱͻ뵽ңҵԸôĿġҶ͵
㰵ɳ²֣ɵʲôԣºĵ
ôѵΪʲôӾһͲˣҶذµһ㷢Ц
»Ȼ򣬲Щ⣬ʵһܸɵʲô
Ϊأ¿ɿҶڽʷҲŷǳҶĵ
ѵ˵ǡ
Ҷ˵ͷγһǱһ滹һҪ飬ǲɹϡ
ҪʥҪǳϧϣЩֻɽУóȻɹĻע⣬һᰵеҡ
ҪĿ⣬簵¾ͷˣڲǹǣҪʱ䡣
һǼȫɱˣǶ˹ףһжû塣
Ϊʦ죬ǰ벽ǿߣҪ֪İ벽࣬ԲĲдƷ
ǿߣ֮ãǸԴﶼǼĴǿ֪ٱ
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չأʧȥ̣һΪ˸ȴԼҲȥһȥҾ̫ˡ
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ҶһĿҶ벻ҶȻ֮Լ·񣬶ƽΪԻ
ŮңҺΪģĿ񿴵һ׳գȻһԾҶЦ
ҶĻһЦҶһ£Ҫ˵ȻһϺȡ
ħϸҶӹ


710 ֮ʦ
ħϸҶӹ
Ҷ˵Ц֮ʣһŭȴҰȣӦǳһǿ֮ڡ
ɫһ䣬ҶﱻԩħϸǹĶƣߣĿŵĽкɱȻ
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ЩУһЩμӹǧݴȣҶӡ̫ˡ
ؿһȺˣĵҹˣҵأ
ҶվûɢκƣɫҲ˿ûŭȴЩҴ
ߣһħϸȻҴҡڳɽ֮ϣ浱ɽ𣿡
ʱһӣԽڶָҶŭΪڶѡ
Ҷ￴Ǹһۣ˫ĿͬһУһ¿Կһ㣬Ǹͷһ𣬲ɫ򶨣Լš
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ѽ͵ǿϷˣ뿴ǵĺ«ʲôҩҶ΢΢һЦֹˡ
Ǹӵǲħϸ˵㣬Ҳǹ׳գһ仰ܾġǻôһӵĻͿףħϸң
ڳ΢΢һӣȻҶĻ˻ɣɽϵĴڣҶħϸôӹ۾
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֤ɽЦħҵ֮ʱһɾʱ۷׷ɱҡΣ֮ʣҹǿУҲ㹴᣿㣬ǿһԲɽ֮£ҶЦ
Ҷﱻλǿ׷ɱ˾ɫһ䣬뵽ʥ½һʹ
Ƕһ֮ʣֻŹĻûԲɽ£Ϊ㻹ûлᣬ㲻롱ȻȺһ
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Ⱥ쵰̫ˣֱе㲻ףҶΪʲôҪ˷ѿˮҶ磬ǲİ׳˷ѿˮġ
νƱ磬ı䲻ħϸʵ
ĿѾˣʲôϣ
ɱħɱҲҪԼѪȥ֤ǵĹؾԲħĻ쵰ۣ
һʱЩǿǣԽ˵Խߣ˺˫ͨ죬Ѿ˱ڳһļơ
һʱ޳ǣˣǿǣԶԶؿлǿߡ
Ϊ޳̫ˣǿߵĶֵķǳ벻֪ܡ
һʮһҶǸһĨ΢Цó֡
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Ͼ֮ǰ׷ɱҶɽķг𱨳ԹԹҶվסŵɡ
ǰЩˣ˷ˣɱɱãָϲߣһʱѡ
ɱħϸҲǧˡһӣϰմ߽С
ۣ
ոսеһ룬һɹɹжϣ˱һƬѪ
ԭȺ鼤ߵǣһˣ벻ҶȻĸɱˣеĲһ
ǵУôһ𣬴ɽҶֻǱߣΪɽһ޵еħͷǺεȵĽ
ǾþòɢںڿлصǿƮɢѪһʱ˶ɵˡ
ѩ˶һϾɽ磬أǽɽΪˡ
û˵أҶѾˣٶ֮죬ֹ
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Ҷ˰ֹ֣˵ǰȺ΢΢һЦǧţĳħӢۣôҶӭǵĵλ
ҶúݵģΪͬ壬Ȼԥ´˶֣㻹˵㲻ħϸһԽڶߵָҶ
ۣ
Ҷָһ㣬һɹɹǸڵǿߣҪܣǷԼΧĿռ䶼ˣ˲ɱ
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ҶĶһӴŭڳˣԶǿǣʼɫ
ǿ˰ɣҶĿһѪĶħһ嶼סҵֵģ
һȣ߸ӰֱҶҶޱ飬һ죬Ȼһֻס
Ҷ㣬Ҫɱˣ޹ģֻǱ˼˶ѡ±Ҳֱۣ
ÿ
Ҷһͺȣֱһ𣬽ˣЦ޹㣬ʥ½Щȥƽ޹𣿻Щ޴Ļ쵰ǣ޴жǣÿ˶ҪΪԼ޴ۣ
ۣ
һֻ޴Ӱ䣬Ѫ죬Ǽǿߣûа֮ͱһĳѪ
ҶħǽȫɱˣҪ㿴ʲôĲ
Ǽǿ߱ɱ󣬷ֳʮǿߣҶ˫Ŀ֮гη
Ҷһ䣬һ£ȻǰһӰҶǰ
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Ҷɫɱ䣬˫Ŀһ˿ЦǿнЦѹ£һÿ
һ죬ؽƿƵʱشǰΰʮ㡣
ֱӱ˳ȥҶһ£һ죬ʮȫĳ촷ۡ
պöʮһҶĬĬһ飬ؿˣصһ
һʱˣոձŭ𣬾ղŲпĨɱͬˮͷһ㣬ȫ˹
˫Ŀ˿־ǣҶвһ󱯰壬ʲôѪҫȫǼٵģһȺ̰ҷϡ
²߻ⳡ֮սˣҲҪ˰ɣǰô̵棬ǵĵ
Ҷڲ²⣬䳡֮ⳡϷ׸ȥʱ򣬺ȻһԾ
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711 նɱ
Ҷʵ̫Ϸѵѵ㣡
һԾһ׷߳ڰ֮У߸ϵظҶˡ
ȻǶ̫ϳϡ˷һ
˵ȶıֻҪߣǧǰѾ˽ڡ˵
ٺ٣ֿˡЦ
ǸߣҶ΢΢һüû뵽Ȼһڵǿߡ
ЩƣɽôôΪʲôǧݴϣûпǵӰ
Ҷﲻ֪ǣǧݴÿһ죬ÿһ춼һЩֳյӡ
һٵʱ򣬾ͻỻһǰգɽ粢ֻоŸҶﵱʱֻǱȵ˶ѡ
ȷҪѵңҶﵭĵȻԽǿߣӦñĸǿ
ûһѹصĴսһѾ޷
Сӣ̫ĺˣĶ֣ΪҪɱ֣̫ϳԴǵŭ
˼ǣǹҲӦó֣͸üβ͹ҶЦ
ȫԽǻܣ֪Ѷˣĺɱ֣ײеħʲô𣿡̫ϳϵ
ҶҡҡͷһҲǵѧûн˵ֻҪҳ֣ͻᱻҿɵˣԴˣһǸϾɱġڶ㲻Ҫʵװʲôˣ˶ƣ϶ĻҪὫȫɱ⣬ȥάϡͷҲΪǣֻеһѣ㲻ҪڳһԴǵĳ˶ģ
Ҷȴ޳ǣһһ䣬Ƕ뵽˴˵еľ
ֻ˴˵һʥҶУʱܶ˶̫ţҶ̹Ȼˣһǿˣͬʱ˫Ŀ֮ȫ̰֮ɫ
̫ϳɫ΢΢һȣҶ˵ȷʵûֵĿģǱžġ
ϻ˵еľɽǸϷһ̫ϳߵѾˣҲڡ
Ҷ̾˿尡ֹ̰꣬ĳ٣
һѾ棬Ƕ̫ϳ϶ӣǸһĨ
ҪɣǾ仰ֻҪҳ֣ҵĵˣǺ㶮ã
ͷҿڳԣ
̫ϳһһ죬ɫĹâ֣ͬһһ㣬˲գҶ£ٶ֮죬ӦӲϾ
ҶﵭؿƾԼûһ˿ܣ˫Ŀ֮һƬƽ
ҶȻ˿Լľһ˲䱻ס̫ϳϲϲ
žǷ󱦱Ҳ˵ľС
þ˿죬ƥǿҲ޷ϣһסͻסֻ־ܡ
̫ϳԴ󣬾ʹڱǰչʾɱﵣùеʱ򣬵޲УΪ˱ܣ˶ɱˡ
Ҷ̫ϳΪǣһУһó˶Ϊһ̽ͱܵƿ
ǵʱ򣬾ͻᾪķ֣޷ƻȲʱѾˣѾ̫ϳУϢػɱǿУδʧֹ
ҶﱻдϲһֶֻҶץ˴˶ӣҸû˵ĵطʾ䡣
ԭҶոճ붫̫ϳ϶Գ֣˻ΪᷢһҵĴսû뵽̫ϳϣһ֣ͽҶܻ׽
ۼ̫ϳһץ䣬ҶǸһĨЦ˿ȻͣҪǽ澳ɿƿ
иõķڶ̫ϳϴ֣Ҷץ˲䡣

һֲɫڶ𣬾նȼˣ̫ϳϺȻһҽУͬһλһ㣬˲ȼ
Ҷϣԭϵ˿ѾսˣҶĶ׷£һֲôˡ
˿ĶƣҶ̫֮𣬿ֲĳ̶ȣһĶܲˣο塣

Ҷɫ棬ͬˮһ㣬ճŶ̫ϳϣô˴ʹ÷ٻˮ޷
Ƽתֱ£ŸղŻݣʤȯյĶ̫ϳϣ̼ͱ⸱ͷȻ
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ʱմճϵɫŻϨΪҶȥһ棬ûк֧֣Ҳ˶á
Ϩɫ󣬶̫ϳǱ˼Ѿսˣ۾תʱһɫ⣬һƬڣͬʱ󽹺Ϣ
Ҫ治λ𾴵ĽˡԶϷᣬһģ
˶壬̫ϳϾķ֣Լͬľͷһ㽩ӲѡȫתΪָ壬ûмʱ䣬޷ԭġ
СӣţϷˡ̫ϳһҪתȥ
ҶЩЦãҲպ˰ɣղŻҪԼأһ֮
ţ̫鷳ˣļȲ𣬻ھͽɣ
ҶһѾڶ̫ϳǰֻӳץ䡣
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ҶĴ֣ûκ谭ֱס˶̫ϳϵĲӣô
ʱڳ˶ͷһһڵĴܣôһƷ޷š
˵һҳ֣ͻᱻΪˣҶԵˣһǸϾɱģ㻹ǵ𣿡Ҷ￴һֵĶ̫ϳϵ
㲻ɱңҪ붫ΪɽΪ𣿡̫ϳϣԼ˭óеĿ־塣
ҶɣǲɽΪУɱˣѾˡ°
ѩˣЩĿ£֪½Ϊʲôôһ̬Ҷ
ҶҡҡͷҪɽΪУɽҪΪУҲãħҲգʲôˣֻҪǵˣȫɱ⡣ҶݺһɱԭΪɽ磬һƬûзľأĸĸ˲ΪҶⶼΪʲôЩ޴̰Ļ쵰ǺģҪɱɱǾηΪֹ
ۣ
̫ϳϣҶһ飬콹ķĩɢֲֹĻȣͷһƬ䣬һڵĴܣôʧˡ

ɻǹɳ̫ϳϵ꣬һҽУͱһա
ҶˣɱòˣԭǸҶˣҸеİ
ЩŵĿҶĿ֮ˮ£ȻתԶȥ
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˸ҪȻҶһŭ𣺡˭Ҳ׷ȥ
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Ҷûлش磬ֱӿ±ߵˣЩһʼҶ֮ˡ
ǶǱƻģ֪ˣһɡһӣʮˣȫ
ҶƲƲ죬εĵɱˣΪҵ۵㣬ɣ
˵껰Ҷ￴ϷɵˣϷɵ˿Щ޵ıǿǣһƬ
ֵǣҪʱˡϷɺûڲٵأѰ˳ȥ
ǣ㿴ңҿ㣬ҡҡͷһ˵ɱӰԺȾƵθڣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ±ߵˣֿ˿ԶȺȵɣ
Ⱥ⣬׷׼ȥǸҶᷴڣƬ̼ʧһա
ʧҶҲˣ෴ķ뿪ˣֻĿɿڴǡ


712 Ӱħ
漲ûע⵽΢΢ǸӷЦ
㱼һʱ¡ơ·ͨһй侲ˡ
Ż˲Ȼǰռһ󲨶һźɫ֣סµȥ·
˭´һ΢΢˺˼һ䱸ĵ
źɫ΢΢Ť˼£ػ˵״ֻһƬģоһˡ
˭ҪҪǣҪ뿪˵ǳĹ죬Ħһ㣬˺ܡ
ƾʲô뿪ɫһ䣬еԲ䵶֡
ߣȰ㻹ǲҪĺãǰûһ˿ᡱǸһ
ûᣬûлأ
Ȼһռһ󲨶Ҷ˳
¼Ҷﵽʱϲ֣˶һۣͬʱ˫һġ
ž
죬ڰˡһЦĿ֮ȫ˷֮ɫ
ŻȻ򣬹ֲþýµıô֣ԭ˫ɡ
½㣬ûǺõġЩԵĵʱİŻˡ
Ҫ־͹ҶɣôɵġֱӰƸҶ
Ǻǣû취ɫĪҶЦ
ȷʵ̫ǿˣݵ̫ˣ˵ͳ㣡
ҶЦ֮ʣǸˣȻһߣļƣҾȻôɵϵˣ
Ҷ￴ǸˣЦɵǵĲ֣ûвЧ̫߹˽ҹⰲ뿪ҵһԲȵĻᣬȻŹ
ô֪ҵĴڵģʵ
Ҳ֪Ĵڣֻ֪˱ΪȺ֮Ужʮһ˵겨˲һ̫塣Ҫ֪˵겨ΪԾģڽŵʱǻ᲻ͣغ˼ġǶʮһˣ겨ʼնһƬƽͣҲ˵Ǳһƴһı˼ά֪Ļ֡Ҷ
벻Сģ¶ܿ¡̾Ϣһ
ѾܺˣϧˣһħѣҶ귽棬Ҳǰרңֻ˵öѡҶЦ
лô࣬Ҫˡ˵
òǸĸ㣬߲ˣӰħҶҡҡͷ
ʲôô֪˴һ
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䣡
Ȼռһ𵴣·ʲôײһ㣬ǹ˾
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˵߲ˣǲšҶЩεĵ

Ǹƾճ֣𾪵ĵ㲻˵û뵽ôǰõ󷨣
˭˵ǰõģҶɻ
ѵ˴һ
ụֽ̂Ľʱ˰вħҶЦ
Ϊʲôǡˡôֶ࣬һ°ǸħӣסˣסˣɽһʦһʦһӡϷɴүҡϷɵԶԶش
ӵҶͿʼĲ󷨣ôĹͣҶȻֻǵáˡЩ
ߣסΣӰħһӰ٣׽ҵġһߣֻʧ
˼æ䱸Ӱħʧһ㣬ûһۼ޴ѰңҪ䱸͵Ϯ
Ҫ֪ħзԲСҪҵһûӰħʵ̫ˡ
׽㣿
Ҷһ죬ܲ˲䲼ħ
ȻǸ
һҽУԭԻҶһ죬һɵĴһѽźץס
зӰħҶص˵֪һУ㲻
룡
ӰħȻһȻһɿֲϢҶɫ΢΢һ䣬ֱӽӰħ֮С
䣡
Ӱħոս֮Уһ˲䱬鿪ȻԱˣ涼΢΢
ȻһӰħҶ΢΢һ벻Ȼô߼Ӱħ
ͬʱҲаңԼӵ֮ҪԸӰħЩѵġ
֪ӰħԱԺ˲һʧôȻʲôõϢû̵
Ҷ΢΢һЦʵҲþɥȻӰħʲôû˵Ѿõ˺ܶϢ
Ӱħħһַǳƻħ壬ԿƣԸԱ˵Ŵܡ
Ҳ˵Ӱħ˵ɽģ֯Ŀģıſɽ
ЩǵˣȻֽţΪҳΪɽ繫УɽԽԽңӦĿ֮һ
ɾ֪ЩҲҲ֯ǻû취ϷЩյĵ
ҵжȻķʽ޷ֹʲôǻҸĽŲҸʱ䣬ôԵͼǻʲô𣿡ҶЦ
ǹɵģ˻Ȼ򣬲ȴ˵ħļϸ
㲻ǣҲѲ˹ϵҶͷ
ǸϿ߻ɣֹġϷɵ
ɽӰܹ⣬ˣ͵һǿ
ҶҡҡͷĹڼˣȻһֵ𾴵ǿߣվɽλϣƫκˡ
ұԩħϸûзκ˵Щ顣
ǻվΣǱ߻һ죬㹻
Ĺħ壬ǿһ£ɽ羭Ӫ˶꣬жǲ֪ܣ
Ҷķ˲һҶƶȷĻǾ̫ˡ
ħ壬ô첻֪ܲôҲ˵Ҳǹħ塣
ôǵͲǱЩɽ絳ôˣ¶ʵпֻǱɽһǡ
ղǸӰħֻһȵģȻǽǿߣһ﷢
˸ҶôãҶǶΣյĸ֪Ͷı۷ģҶжϺٳ
ҶﾭΣպıɻܻţΪҶţ˲ӳء
ϴڸô죿Ϸʵ
Ҷ￴һۣЦôظʲôҪ֪ڿɽŶӣûʲôѿ赲ǣɱħնħɵ¾ɣ
ҶҶһЦݣ˲ЦǱҶˡ
ȫˣԼȺˣѾǷСˣҶǶɽ綼Ĵ
ҶЦֱӻ˵ĺ飬Ҷ˵ģɱħնħɵ¾ɣôѪˡ
һºҶ˵Ӱ֣һɽǰɽǳȡ


713 
ҶɱǸӰħĵ죬һӰħĻرκʵ
ȷҶﲻӰ֪κܣ
˷ģһȫԱ֤ģÿһӰħǿߣǾѡʿҳ϶ȫԷġǸӰħǿ߹ĵ
ͷɫ΢֣ͣصĵǷǳҪʱڣ򲻿ɳκβءǳﻮôãһҪһٳɹϼһ֪»̫
ˣڵʵɽ磬ӦûʲôɣǸӰħʵ
ߣ㶮ʲôɽûô򵥣ʲôսʼҡҡ׹ÿζô漣һͦˡ
˵ɽڣڤڤ֮лɽ紫вϾ
ǵȻɨƽɽ磬˭֪᲻
ǷĽ׶Σÿһ죬ǸɽͶһ֡
ܳˣҶǱʲô
ˣҶɱӰߺһ·ȥ·嶴ȥӦ綴һĿɡӰħӦ
綴׷ɱҶΪǿ֮һҶȥĿܷǳĴ
жһŵͼһۣҶﵱɱӰߵķλȻٿһ·ߣЦ
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һɱģܿı˳򣬿϶Ǹݳ޵ĴСġ
ѣȻ޵ľǸħܵĹŻС
ô򵥵ļıҲ˼԰ڳǿЦҶʵڲΪǡ
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ҶϸȾսһˣҲĶħģ
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ӦҪȥɱҶֿԸͽܱ𣬻лħ֮裬˺һС
ҶճҫЯնɱλǿߵȣҲڶѣҪ˵ǲܵġ
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ԭԴȵӣв˺ȻȾܣתۼѾԶˡ
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Ѫ죬Ҷ￪˹澳󣬱һȭɱûһ˿ķ֮
Ҷոս±ߵսҲʼˣǵĻЩ˿Եֵġ
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714 ɸ
ɸţɽһţɽϵǿ򣬻ɸĵλ˿Ժ
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ΪյӣǳϿҪָͨĲԣһǻޡ
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Ϊʦ˵úУôֿʼ˼ˣ粽Բʱ̤ôͲŬأҪôȥʦҿҪĿඡЦ
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ʱĻѾ;ƿݵľأƶұΨһܶģֻʣһˡ
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ҶһЦ˷İɣҶӷһ·ɱɽ磬ʲôĿûɽֻǰѵ˱ǿսѣҶϰˣΪҵģοһһȺɿֵܺѣ
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Լġơڹ֮ڣֻҪҼԼĲȥɣעԲתƵġ
Ҫһ̫¶ڣϢһһ־¶ˣ㣬¶԰ֲ
̫ˣͬˡ¶˷ܵĵһϷʵĿ֤棬ͬƴеģ
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Ҷȫסϸ¶һ뿪˻ɹֱĽȥ


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Ҷݺݵ˿ڿˮڣȡѾõ⣬ʼԡ
Ҷе⣬һǸڵߵ⣬̺˿ֲѪ⾫
ʹҶı̬ÿҲֻܳһ㣬ôʱȥɻ֮ûгꡣ
ǿͬһյľʹҶһºģһʣµȫԹ⡣
ԹҶЩˣֲѪ⾫һ±뱬ըһ㣬Ҷʹڵֱ
û취ʱ䣬ֻҧӲͦţʹҹſʼҶ˫Ŀͷϸֻצ⻹һֻβ͵ͼ֡
£ҾͲţһ岻ȥ
Ҷһһ磬ֱռѷȥ


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䣡
ռҶػ˫ȭƴصֵſռ֮Уһ·ǰۡ
ҶﴩĿ񱩵ضʱѾѪˣæת޸ƣǰ񱼡
Ҷοǣǰռ֮УԽԽʱ󣬿ռѷ죬˾ͷ
ǰĽ𣿹Ȼİ
ҶǰһƬҶʶɢԴ۾һƬڰţûһ˿Ϣĵط
ռ֮г˸ࡢǰܣ֮ϹͺͺһƬʯͷѺۣ·Ҳһ㡣
治ųƾ֮ĹطʥĴڣ
ҶҪǰߣȻһȡһ̣̻һ󷨣ĵطڵϡ
һλ꣬ȻĽҲǾ֮һȻޱߣһԼ·ˣǸЦִˡ
úҶǰȥ߳˼һƬƽ̹ûκɽûκ
ֱҶǰеʱ򣬵ƿʼ˸ı䣬ǰżԿһЩɽͺͺʲôҲûС
Ҷվڰɽ֮ϣԶȥԶһӣҪ̧ȥȻһ
䣡
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ҶʱѾذΧɽ֮УͬʱһǿѹϮ뽫ҶＷ顣
Ҷһһ졣
飡
ɽ鿪Ȼһͨ壬ͬһˮһ㣬Ҳ
ҶܿǵˮǾǵˮҶߵʱ򣬶Ȼ룬ֱӽҶ
ǵһҶʽΪ죬ǵˮҶˮ黺ҶƤ͸ȻҪʼҶ
ҶһЦûκηô룬֪ˮʲôˣҪҵʥꡣ
̷ҶչʾʥԣؼλΪλ֮໥ɣѾʧȥԭʶֻ±ܵ
ˮνҶڵǣȻһҵĲ·˿µĶߡ
ˣͶɣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻȫܲԼˮȴûκô
ˮΧ󣬱ޱȷ񣬱ŰϢӿϧ֮ǳؿ޷İΧ
ֻ˶̶̼ʱ䣬ˮСȭͷС㿪ʼƽһ˳Сá
ٺ٣˵ûʥĿǣǵĿ񱩵ϢɾǾͻ˳
ҶЦŰеһˮ飬ЩЦٿ񱩣ô񱩵Ĺųƻľף
ˮҶȥΪ˳Ҷһ󣬽Լ׼ƿ֮С
ˮȷʵʥûļǳֻͣܶ鱦ʥǸ
ô˵һõĿʼ֤˰ĽȷʵʥĴڣԼôǱĽҲֵˡ
ʥ񱩣ˣͲôϸȥѰˣֻҪĴתˡ
뵽Ҷﲻ˷ʱ䣬ֱǰȥҶʧǣ죬ûʲôջ
ֱʱһһǸһһɫĴ֮УҶոҪɹӣͱһ¡
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ҶһʥֶΣ֮ײһײ֮£ҶȻеһʹ
ʥ֮ΪǿǺ纣֮ڶײ֮£Ȼ˴
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ҶһȣɫһӸ˷Բ֮ңǵʥȻһľУߡ

ò㣬ҶôܷߣһֻصĴǸʥסҲ޷ѡ
Ҷ￴ĺǸʥڱ֮ʱԭɫʼ𽥱䵭͸
͸ʥ꣬ʼž񱩵ϢȫʧǱһ㡣
Ȼ񱩵Ϣʧˣֲֿ겨ûм١
ʥֱ̫꣬˼ˣĿֲ꣬ע֮УñΪӳӡ
һʹ߲ôͲǱǳһ֣ศɣ˺һ
һʥ굽֣
ҶﲻЦһʥ굽֣ҲԤʾţһʥˡ
ʥĲϣʥΪģҶôľǳ֣ʥϡ
ԵĲϣ󲢲̫࣬ҰѾȥɹˣò˶ãͿһĲϵ
Ǹʱжʥ꣬жʥԼߵǿߣһʥʱսȻһΪֲľء
ոյõʥ꣬Сպãʥ꣬һˮһ˿ķ൱ڵΪ㡣
ֻнעʥУΪǺ󣬲ŻٴӵԼ˼롣
ǿʥ꣬ҶǳĹоǸɾʼΧѰʥꡣ
ʱķɿ죬ҶڹޱߵİĽ񱼣ΧҲԽԽǿʥ꣬߸΢СһЩʥꡣ
ʥ֣ǶԼеɽ֮УеĲںҲеʯ֮С
ǲһǹͨģǾֻҪҶǵ򣬾ͻܵĹ
Щʥ꣬һⶼǳҶľףھ֮Уǿʥ꣬Ҳͦסʱͱĸɸɾ
ĸǿʥ꣬ٶȣò˶ãͿԻȥˡ
ʱҹ꺮ѩˣһں֪ÿһʥ󣬼ʥʱླΣ
ʮʥһ𼤷ʥѡǲҲɣЩʥ꣬ˡ
ҶڹޱߵİĽ磬תƵʱһǳ˼飬һӰ
ǸӰ߹ɣһ˶ĹǵȫȣضҶ
ҶǸӰҲһЩŵĵ
ˣ
Ҷﲻ󾪣˼ĵ
Ȼ˵
ҶӡУЩŹǵڤ壬ûӵĴڣȻ˵
ǸڤǿߣȻһ죬ǵп˿ռ䣬Ҷն䣬Ϣ죬Ȼһǿߡ
䣡
һֻнڵڤҶû˿Ȥһȭǰѹǵ˲䱬顣
ҶĿֲǰǸڤû˿ֵ֮ƵĹǵոǸ飬ҶѾһ̤һȭؿϡ
Ǹڤǿ߶ûüһͱ飬ͬʱҶһʳָüġ
ѻ꣡
ۣ
ɻǹǸڤǿߵ꣬ǵ˲䱻ɻǹա
벻ڤǿߣȻһ˿꣬ڸղŵѻ֮УҶõһ
ΰĽ֮Уįˣҿڤ֮ӣǺηʥ
ҶǸڤǿߵļ䣬һıȥ


718 ڤ
Ҷһ˼鰵Ľʯ̻һЩƣϡ
һϢԽҶϢȥڱ˵ʶ£Ƿġ
˱صʯͷϢʯһģһһƶʯһ㡣
ҶͨǸڤ֪꣬ڤ壬ֵô׳ա
Ҳģڤ壬ǻۼ͵ģЩûǻֻۣƾűܻţɽڤ
ڤ֮һϵ壬ڤ壬ڤͳߣʹڤϵȨ
ڤӵһϡڤҶˣشʱԼϽռ֮еڤ׿
ڤ׿Ҳڤˣǿɾ˼ˣش٣ǿڹײĸĹ
ڤ׿֣Ǿ˵ǿڹײһģǿڹײֺпһд۸ӵĶһĻǾ˵塢ڤ塢ħͿʼıԸˡ
ڵ壬廢Ҷﲻһ˸ɵ
ѾɽΣֻӲͷƤȥˣϵϢεһ㲻ʣʼǸڤǿ߼еĵطȥ
Ǹڤǿߵļ䣬ڤڤӡڤڤر˼Ĵۣ˰Ľ磬Ϊ˲׽ʥ꣬Լڤ񽣡
ڤڤѾϣһΪǿʥ꣬ڤͼһʥ⡣
ռʥ꣬ڤת󷨣ʥһγһʥꡣ
ĳʥ꣬һڤںϣһ˿ᣬԽʥ
ʥȻ޷ʥȣǱ֮ͨʥҪǿ̫ˡ
ڤΣΪռʥ꣬ٵȡڤڤ֮ķ˲ϧԴŽ˽
γٵĽһʮˣֻڤһˣǽڣ˶ǽڡ
Ϊʹбٵ󣬵ΪԽߣԽͨռѷ죬ͽˣԽΪ
ҶնɱǸҲǵùʮ˷ֲͬѰңֻһ˸Ҷ˸ͷ
Ҷ˷ܵǣһŹֵĺ«Ȼǿʥꡣ
ҶﲻңһȭǸɱ«Ҳըɣͨѻ꣬ҶֻȥѺ«
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̻һЩǳŹֵͼץסʥֻҪ«һǿ񱩵ʥò˶ãͻᱻԶǳط㣬Чָߡ
һˣռ߼ʥ꣬ôʮˣеʥ꣬Ҳֻ۾ͿʼŹ⡣
Ǹһļ䣬ҶſܳڤǿȥϾ٣Ƿ¸;
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һٶԲһЩʥ꣬Щʥ鱦ҲǼΪĴڡ
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ʱҶﲻЩˣ֪Ͳô죬ЩڤɱˣϾ˶һռٿ죬Ҳûʮ˵Чʸߣ˶Ѿɱˣ˵ʲôˡ
ʥ겻ôģʱãһһã춼һӰӡ
ʱҶȻԶһЩĻŭţæȥϢϵϢʯϵķģǸȥ
ʱҶƵķ֣һƬǽ壬ѾˣȻԶһ󲨶Ҷһ
ôôҵʥģôʱһȻҵȻʲôš
æǸȥֻǰԲһƬڵڤͬī֭һ㣬Ŵء
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Ǹڷӣһе̣һɫͬһɫ磬Զȥٶ֮죬ȻҶӰ
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ҶﲻЩΪѣ˵ˣҪõĲƲ
ղ򵥵ĳ֣ٶȣ֪һǿߣڤӹȻǰ׽еģϣ͸Ҷѹ
ҪеõǼ«ǷǳѵģҡҡͷأԿоӲ
ҶϢҲԼڤ⣬ڿһ˵İĽ磬ڤ֪ԼѾ˶ˣڿٵѰʥꡣ
ҶһֱСظڤڵȣһʵĻᣬһ֣Բеڶλᡣ
첻ˣڤȻһɽڣֻʥ꣬ޱħֱӽֻʥԼ֮С
ֻʥ꣬סڤǸһĨЦݣֻʥˣټ˵ʥ꣬㹻һֻǿƥĳʥˣҲԼôѪ;Ľ硣
һţͬһֻ®ֻʥ֣ɾǵĴֽҪץסֻʥʱ򣬱
䣡
һֲҲϮδֲѹռ䶼ˡ
ڤ΢΢һɫ䣬ǸѾֻʥץȥһֶֻǸĳ
飡
һֲֻ汻ڤһƻɷĩڤԾǣǸطֻһֲ棬ȴûӰ
⣡
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ڤ򣡡
ڤһţ˫֮ϣһķǰγһɫܡ
ողúûܣڤȻһᣬ«Ѿȡˡ

һŵĴЦһ׷ӣգе«˫Ŀ֮ȫǿϲ֮ɫ


719 ڤһն
˲ǱˣҶȺøֲͿ̻˷ĵĸ򣬳ɹڤעһٵ֡
«ҶͶֵˣξǴˡ
ڤʱףԼϷˣˣǸ׷ӣһʼĺ«
Ϊڤӣһôŭô꣬ǵһ˸Ķ

ڤɫһޱħͬκһ㣬ͣسˢռ䣬һ˲˼£Ӱ죬Ҷһȭ¡
ڤƵһɲǣҶﶸȻһڤϣܵϢ
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ֲ飬ձһΣԷˡ
ҶﶸȻֱ죬ͷһֻԼȭͷϸһɫϢȻڷظʴԼֱֻۣǼգ۵Ĺֱ۾Ȼпήļ
Ҷ󾪣Ȼڤڤǿߣڤ֮ż˥ϡԼȻˡ
ڤû뵽ҶһСӣȻԽסԼһ𣬲һҶĿԼֱۣߵڤΪľڤ̼ͻḯСӣмϿ콫
˵䣬ҶֱԽڣѾʼήӣΪֲ
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ҶЦһתԭήͬɲһֱۣһʱ䣬ʼǺɫ壬ͬѩһ㣬˲ʧӰ١
ôܣ
ڤһҶղŽסһȭԾڤڤǳ塣
ҶոճֵʱѾ֪Ҷ壬ħսʱڤļ룬˲ء
ڤħڤΪľڤųﲻﲻմϱɡ
ǰӣǣȻΪľڤˡ
ûȥ۾ô򵥡Ҷ֣һ覴öûС
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Ҿ֮ڣû˲֪Ľ֮أôʲô֮ǸСӷˣ
ܺãʬΣҾͲڤ
ڤһҧ˫Ŀ֮ȫǱɱ⣬һôɱһˡ
ˣ
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һħ־֮ģ־ǰֻ¾
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ҶһԼ־һ˳ǹ˲񷣬ն
ɿֲ־ݺݵײһͬʱƺһȻ־ϣ˭Ҳûռˡ
˫Ŀ֮Уͬʱһȵԭ㣿
ԭ㣬һ淲ͼڡڤ˫ĿͬҪһ㡣
½ڤ壬ŵͼڹЩڤǰ꣬һͼڱˣΪŭ
ÿһͼ־ȻΪСǶǴӱڷȥġ
ͼڱ٣һ˿Ҳˣ㷢裬ΪܹϹͬķʽ
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ǵͼڵ٣һ磬һ飬Ҳûҵ֣Ҫǵ٣̤ڣܴıˡ
ԭ׳գȻͼð׳־㵱Ҹһ׳𣿡
Ҷﲻˣڷʱ򣬴أһڤ磬Ǹڤķ硣
һλɱһڤ岿ʱǲУǹͼڣʱǸͼڷȻҪԼ³Ҷ־ޱǿᣬӲǳĽͼ顣
Ǹͼֻһܹͼڣûκսֻһ˿ѹǳ١
ô⣬ڽ⿪ˣڤ˫ĿͬҪһ㣬һ𶯾


һȭҶŻȥˣȻڤڤͼڡ
ڤͼڵڤһȭ£ռͬһҶȭͷһȭ飬˵ɳȥ
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Ҷﲻ֪ǣڤ岻һ屻ֻάϵһʱ䣬Ϊ˼䣬ѹȥ󣬾ͲôϵĹˡ
ڤ岻ͬĿ֮ԶֻһԸ⽲Լһ׸־֮ṩ޾ǳؿ¡
Ϊµǣڤ壬ֻڤɽͬеµġ
һȭҶɣ޷ȥڤеŭҶһͼڣΪ覣ֳޣɱ֮Ӽҡ
º֣ͬɫƣҶƮȭͷһŹֵͼ֣Ҷȥ
浱Һ۸𣿡
Ҷһڵתֱͷצһβͼ֣һȭӭȥ
飡
һ죬ֲǧﱻޣֲͣسŰ
ŶͷϸֳŹͼҶȻһӱȻסԼȫһħһαˡ

ҶȻȭͷͬɽ緢һ㣬ֱӽڤԶ
ʱתħɢĿֲħ޷ʴ壬ûⷽĺ֮ǣҶһȣס
磬֮תһԽǧľ룬ȭͷ֣ݺ䡣
ڤһҶһȭϣܵһɿֲĸоһȭоԼвˡ
ڤܣ
ڤ׿ûиҶӲƴ˫ǰóһɫĹܣǵϣһͼȥ͸Ķûʲô
飡
һȭǸϣҶһؿһȣһѪ˵ɳȥ
꣬ȻԷ
ҶƿڴǸƷǳعŹ֣ȻԷĹղžȻԼһȭˡ
ȻҶһڤҲùҶһȭ̫ڤܾȻ޷ȫԼҲ˼ķֱ֮ӱɣѪҶϺܶࡣ
ڤʱѹеŭͶҶӣףҶһµĶ֣ǱҶıչֵʵƭˡ
ڤٴվʱϵŭѾˣлһѺɫĳ
ī港Ϣ·ռ䶼ڲرʴž
ڤһնɱ죡
һǧڽգնϽųӵĻҶն䡣


720 ֲڤ
Ҷɫһ䣬ڤʹһʱضˣһֱ꣬һĹŹֵ
֪ǣһڤǿΪڤնն֮еĵһնޱߡ
ۼһأ޿ɱܣɻǹ֣ӿһľ޴ǹӰҶ
ɻ̣
䣡
ǹīײһ𣬿ֲԭİİĽ磬һ˲䱻â
ſֲѹɢ̵Ĵأǿֲǰˮһ㣬ϯ˷Բǧ֮⣬̳졣
һ֮´رΣħ΢΢ЩϢĿŴأҶӰѾʧˣŻ
ȻǸ߰ڤӣǽ𾪵飬һӼ࣬Ҷ̫⡣
ڤһնɱ죬Ȼֻڤնĵһնһеֲ̫һǿߣԸʹá
Ϊһ̫־壬ֲֿʹþʹõģһıԴ֮
Դ֮һģҪȥָκ鵤ҩá
һй
ħΪҶﱻնɱƬ֮ʣػѿһǱӰǰĿɿڴ
ôܣ㾹Ȼţ
ʱҶѪû뵽Լʹɻ̣ɵǹɿֲȻˣǿ˹棬Ѿˡ
һζɽսôʹһնֱɱڣֲ̫ˡ
ʱҶ֪˶٣඼ˣ˸νǼΪǱ
ҶתָƣҶЩ𾪵ǣһֻҪһͿԻָƣȻʱȹȥ
˺Ҷﲻͷ⡣
ǻţܽҪˣ
ҶһȻղһˣԪֻһС֡
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ǱٵӰӻʧԭҶһǹֻǴĲӰѡ

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˾ϸںҶҲ˽˰֮һЩʽ˾ĵʧԭء


722 ֮ϲ
ĽһƬڰҶڤսĵطк缸ľ롣
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ǸױͻΪа񣬸һִһţһɺͷҶ
ǸħһֵĵҶﺧȻ֣ԼȻˣҪߣѾ޴ͷֱǱȹ޴ĿС
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һ֮ǰʯһУȻһɫĹâп˿ռ䣬Ŷħȥ
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ħиովͱǵ⽣Уħױ飬Ҷﱻը˳
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723 
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˵ҲͰˣǼɱĽɶЧģôǣĲ¸һӪĽǺ
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˶ǿеǿţΪҲ۷壬ǿ߲
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˫ˮһ֮Уȴ޾ķߺ޺;Ŀţǰޱʧˡ
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ɫһ֮еĿ罣޲ý̳ɸӡ
ǹ⵷ҵģʱڶǰˡ
ҪһݵĿңֻһ¶ѣǼɡ̯̯֣˼˵ˡ
һʱ򻹲Ƿʱ򣬻쵰ҵţһ֪ʲôǺڵġ
ǸǿߣʹһɫǳһСС⣬ʽҪеġ


724 
Ǹ˵ͷǰһеʱѵ
ͷӻû֣ô͵ˣżͶ̥𣿡
һŭȴռһҵĲ޴Ӱ֣ȫһ
ǴԳһԳ졢Գӡ˾֮ǰһŭȣԳ
찡ԳҲˡ˺Ȼгղžĳ֣ȫ
Գӵĳ֣֤ʵĲ²⣬ˣֲ̫ˡ
ԳҪΪ𣿡ɫһŭص벻Գһ壬ȻȻĻ
ΪУ㻹䣬ʦ˵ɡԳһЦûдߵߵǰ˸к
ԳһЦඣҿǵһûҵʱǽһ棬
áԳЩĵ
ٺ٣Ҳʵһ֣ԳôָıӲǱӣ۾۾ĹЦ
ʲôÿģҶһһȻǺȾơԳ۾
ž
һԳļһ̾ŴĴָԳ˵һ㶼û̫ˣȻһ
Գ΢΢һ£κЩɻʵڿңڿ㣿
ȿȣӢͬһġǺЦ
˵ľԳһŬԼԼҪ͡
Գϣ㲻Ҫڡ
İɣˣҵ뿴ʦġ˳߲жĵǳԳЦ
һͷһףΪʲôһôȻѾԲͷ
ڳ֮Укܶ˻ڹ֮УϾƲѾ벻࣬ȴһﲻûס
վţǴ˴ǿϮǡ˳߲ûаѡˣֻ
ǰĸˣȴҸŸɣѵ˵ʲộǵõ˻Ĭ
һʱ䲻˶ЩסˣĻǿԿϸˣóȻվˣء
ת䣬һĨûм˵ְɣֵʲôʱ
ʱѡ

һǸǸڳĽǿߣһһȫͷһ
·𱻴󴸺ݺݵûһһ㣬Ǹֱͨֱָģ𺧲ѡ
ǾȻһ˿ֿ֮ûУźɱ⣬ôֵһʱɫˣ˵ֲ̫ˡ
˼ˣ
һһ˿һòŮӣ٣գʣͬȾ⡣
ˣǸŮӽǧݴȵʱ˵ܣֹʮǿ벻ҲͻƵ˽̫˳Ծˡнǿߵ
ʱ𣬺ôŮӣһֱܵ͵ʼգδ˵ս
󣬸ղֻһȻڳнͷܵ˼ѹ
죬ǿбŵģǲǴ˵е𣿡˾
Ǵ˵еʥ٣Ȼ֮ˣõʥϿɣһ
ʲôݰôû˵
ڳλΪĳ֣˼ɧһΪΪһΪе١
е٣ٵ٣ʵٵѾΪٵˡ
λ˫Ŀ֮У˾ޡĽʼɡ̰ȸΪʥ̫ѵˣнǿУֻ׼ʥ
Ҫһ׼ʥʥҪߵƷʣ͹񹤵ĶҪ޾ȥ
ʥĶ֮ѾϾɽ֮еʥȫɹʱڴģ˵ǶǹƷ
ûλӵͬ·Ⱦ䷲֮ıӣ΢΢һЦھɽȺҲֻҶϽ㣡
ԭĻıӣȺΪ顢Գĳ֣һϣ
ֵʱ֮еĹԱһˮף˷ǳֵΡ
лл㡱֮ϣһĨЦݣ꼻ţʤ
㣬İɣҶԸ񣬾̶ѨҲġٵӾӳȻ̶Уʶο
ˣ
ǿǿʱҲ˫Ŀͬһ㡣
ȻϲƣǶڱӣĵģԭķʽȱӣҲ룬Ʋѣֻô
ų֮ǻֺۣһŮ˵ĻĻֵ
ԴӵõϢӾͶǳ񣬿һǸһַĵĶġ
ˣΪ˼ƻҲȥˣôӲͷƤ׼ȥ
һֱݱıӣȻһΪߺ޵ʱųЦݣǸŮ˵лл޿̡
ı˫ҲˣҲжʼģԼİŮˣȻΪ˷ܣƵҪըˡ
Թȣ΢΢һЦЩͬĵǰɣһҶ˵ˡʮΪϧ˭ãƫƫҪҶעĽ֣
˵껰ûٿһۣƮһŰƣƮǱߡ
һȺ䡱鸧ƴЦȴЩζòһԳĹâȫڸˡ
΢΢һЦһȻֻλŶǰûһ˿ѹǷֵĳ֮ɫ
䣡
һ죬ֲѹϮռһ󼤵һȺӰ
ǷﾪͽݣоβһĺСº̽ףǸ𣿻ǸǱ˭ʵ
ɣɭһ峤껾ȻҲˣǽǿ߰ǸŮӣϵҲˣ˴󾪣ϳǸ˵ݡ
㣬ˣǻȳȥġСºͷеҲ˽ɢǿĲ
źСºͷԼĹУҲ̲סˮ˹ĵĸо̫ˣǱ鱳Ѻӵ
䣡
ռ䱻һȭ飬ӰڰգһȴСˣǾˣ
ǵܣ
һǸǵܣߵһòŮӣΪҲͬǽ
ǸɱܰȻ𣿡
𺧣ǸŮǵܵܰȻڵõҶرԴܰȻ壬رԴӰ죬ȻҲͻ˽
ܺ͹棬νǳ˼ۺ죬һʱһӱˡ
ߣܾ֮Ҳ£ȻˣˡЦһ˿ûаѵܵв
ǲˣͿûң
һܰȻߵߣߵĽǿǶš


725 ޳
һƬžʱȻһȴȫ˶ͷ

֮ϣǲϵӰǰһ˲˵ɫһ䡣
飬û뵽ڳˣ
һԾռ΢΢ŤһӰ֣˳ߣһӣӢ˫Ŀ֮еʼմһ˿Ϣ˸е־塣
Ǹ˲ǱˣǸոսླǿߣҲǹʦ
ǰˣкܶණŲ£׼΢΢һЦ޽ͷƽĲ£졣
Żĳ֣ȫվȫΧڻߡ
ЩĽǿߣһʱЩ֪룬źȴ󲿷ֽǿߣվһЩǿһҧҲվ˹
ϾǱߵ̫ˣȻƲߣȨһǻѡ졣
飬ҹȻµûѾ;ƿˣȴƭôꡱ쿴Ż̾˿
ôһ˵ڳĲͷһŵĿŻͬʱһ˿²⣬ЩѡӪĽǿߣанҡ
̫ˣʵǰҾѾûгֵˣϧûôɽ֮ˡһЦ
ûϵ˲ϲðգô궼ˣʱ䣬Ҫۼ֤ͳһɽô츺ֶ˫Ŀ֮о䡣
²һͳɽô򵥰ɣһڶǰͿʼ͵͵壬õ֧֣Ӧò˰ɡҡҡͷ
ĻһȫȻЩǿߣһĿ졣
ɫ΢΢һ䣺Ȼ֪ˣ
ǰ֪ˣû취ֹֻܼѣʵǸʱǾһͳɽʵˣϧǱɱˣóȻ
ɫʱЩ粻ȻЦ飬ȻһճǼư꣬е˶ƭˡ˵ЩԪѾ˼ޣüĵǶˣѾ޷˵ЩҰû𣿡
źȻ֣üĴȷʵΪĺǳװȻܵȷʵڡ
ǸΪǣǽǿߣ֮ǰȻγɵͼҲ˵Ҫˡ
飬ϲģҪˣҪռɽλӣҪнƿڴ
Щڻܾ˻ģʱ鼴䣬侮ʯ
һԳһеĶһ棬ҲݽͶ״
顢Գǿɫһ䣬սԼıһֵ𾴵ĳߣǲǰҪЩ׳յ衣
ֹ˵ĶǰЩŵĽǣĵǿ֪ͽǱɽ磡
ƨϲı죬һˣ˵˵ʲô˺
ƽʱǶɸ߸ϵĴܣлᣬϲһţ׷ڡ
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˻ֹ֣Щǿߵĳӣ΢΢һЦŻǵٽɽĺƽ֪Ѿصˣ᲻ݵȫأ
Ǻ˶˵ԽϣԽһҲװҪȵ˻û֣ɲʼɫ䣬һ裬
ҲڵȻڽһ򾡣ֻǲ֪Ҳ쵭ĵ
䣡
һֻ޴ȭͷգŸߴӰ֣Ѫ죬𺳲񷣬ǰߣһߴ
ƨһˣû𣿡
ͬ죬ضҪѣڳĽУĶĺͷ
һǿߵˣ
аԾȻԤϣһĵˡ
ϺϣϵĲѾأȻѾ˲ıϣӦûһջ͡
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˵һ壬ֻǿôһӶôࣿ
ǿһ尡ųͬ޵еĴڣ֮ͬУһʮĿֲս
죬ϻ쵰ǰ㰵ɱҺˣһϱҲ
˵ŭԽԽ󣬴һҪȴһס
𼱣Ⱥӵ˵ϵ
ãҶﵽˣͿסϵĿɨڳλ˫Ŀ֮еɱ⣬һѪ򣬶һȺһ㡣
û뵽ǣĺǳãϵƿڴֻ΢΢һЦ
ܺãôӭ֮
һոѹȥĻˣǱȰˣȸк
飬겻
һЦϣϹϲ
ʲôùϲˣôˣҲֻôһ㡱΢΢ҡͷ
Ҷ޷ıԵѾһ˿֮ΪãȻ޷۳֮Ժ̤벻࣬Ҳֻʱѡ
ҶСӣôǸҾҪȵʲôʱϲЩԹ
ǺǣżҶһġƢǳ˽⣬Ц
УȲˣȰϱϿϼıӣЩԼҵϱôԴһ
ϣǧȥҶ£ԲҪ˴¡æе
ͱϹˣҶ⺢Ӱ£ʲôʱҷΪԽߣôԽסءϲü
ôһѵ⣬ֻʵʵ£ȴҶ⺢²ɴ࣬ʱ˻
ȻռһŤĸӰ֣ȫһƬȻ


726 Ҷﵽ
ռһŤĸӰ֣ĸһߣһŮӣһʮŮ
ϳֵķǳ죬𾪵ǣǸŮ⣬˶ǽǿߣȫǽڡ
˵ĿⶼǸʱһʱһĳţֱ֮糱ŭ
Թţ˵ؼ
Թţɱǧģҵң
Թţôţ

һʱ涼ˣǸŭĿӣеĽҧгݣʱҪɱ˵ļơ
ǱһǧȻа˰ٶ˫Ŀ𣬺޲ý̻
Ǹ߲Ǳˣʧ˺ܾǹŲԣҲҶʦߵһŮӣӱһסݵŮӣȻǴС³أǣԼ
ڵ࣬ĸʮŮ£۾תȺѰǸϤӰ
ҶʦйŲԣвԹţһ֣Ⱥ鼤ܣԭòȻһʧˣ˫Ŀ֮о䣬ζ
겻ǶǵҰ̫ѵˣǲҪˣҿʼһνǼҵһģ
Թţô㻹ǱԲİ΢΢һЦ
Թżǰ˵Թ֮ǰæǰ
ӱǰ³عǻǰʦѡӱҲæ񣬽³
ǺǣãããȻҵ˱̺ӳĴߣȻ˼̳ɹؼһϲĵ
鿴³أһۿ³һ󣬶ӱʦҪȥк
ȥɡӱ΢΢һЦ
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Ὣժ£¶գʧɫ³ظվһ𣬾Ļ䣬Ӧס
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İɣҶһģʱǾͿžˡ³΢΢һЦο
΢΢һЦЦ֮Уһ˿ǿֲңΣ
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ڲԹŵ˵ĵȻЩ⣬û̫ϣϥУ˫Ŀ΢գûһ㡣
һҶȻûг֣շǳĹ죬һʯѹͷһ㡣
Ǳӣ֮ìޱȣҶﵽ¼ҶĮÿһʱ䣬һ
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ʱѡǸǹٵĽڹ£ں
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Ĵ𣿡˶߶µĵ
һ֣ȻһУ챬죬޴ͬŭһӿ
䣡
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ֲײڴ֮ϣǴڼ̣ҲҪ촷ۡ
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赭дһûߵǿߣһǲߵ
ӣȻҶŮ˶Ҵ⣬˵ɣô
һ۰׷ӣ˫ֱأ˫Ŀ֮һ˿ɱ⣬վıϣӸŹ
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Ҷһ˴ҡڵĳ֣ʱвһҶ֣뿴ҶǷͬ˵ôǿ
οһ༶ȫûк֮ǡ
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Сģ
ӣѡ
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Ҷûһ㣬ֻصҶϣһ졣
һҶﰲȻؿһۣ³һ֡

䣡
ҶüĴһͼ𣬿ֲƱһ˲䱻Ѫ
һ˲䣬һƬžԭڱĿ죬΢΢۾Ҷ
ļһԽԽ̬ˣƾ鲻૵ĵ
˵꣬ͼĿݺݵصֻ³ءС¡һŭĿ
ȿȣǱæǸͬʱԽѹˣͬ˲ͬ˼ʼŮţͷĺԵ
㣬ûиоҶеֵֹġҶıӰ³ص
һֵֹģôûһۡСҲЩ⡣
ҲҶ磬ĴɣֻҪž֪ˡ΢΢һЦ
ٺ٣һĺúӣǴүǣԼţ͸ᡱƴЦҶһ񫣬ղһӵŭ𣬶˺ܶࡣ
ϿǸӰֻǵ˵ͷû˵ʱҶѾߵǰ
ֻܼ޸ң˶䲻㡱Ҷ￴űӣ˫Ŀ֮žԵš
ɣ
ŭƺȻһѳҶն䡣
ž
Ҷһӣָĳײһ𣬿ֱֲӽ飬Ҳɡ
ûһۣһֻ֣ǱҲãȻҲã㶼ҵģԸ𣿡
ӿǰųϵףˮٴζڽˡ
ؽҶ΢΢һЦһץס˱ӵ֣ץסֵһ̣ԭɫΪѿĹȻЦˡ


727 ֮
ҶסʱȻӵĽһѸٸһͼӡҶģҶȻɫ䡣
ǵͼӴһɲǣͬһī֭ˮУ˲Ҷȫһ˲䣬Ҷ帡һɵĺɫ
Ҷǰɣȥ㻹ҪҵС״Ц
ͻıʣ˶ʼδǱӣһĿҶҶ
ĹҶԽĺˣֲĺɫͬƹ֮һ㣬ֱ塣
ߣȻǶ
ҶһԪתƴصֿǸֲأǺȻֵ֣޷ֹǿֲĶɢ
ð׷ĻˣǡħڤɡǾ֮ڵһ涾ɹţؼֻһݡǲˣҲֻת֮ǿֵѣһֻСӣɡЦ
쵰ȻҡӣĿ֮ȫǺ⣬Ȼ֪У˹ˡ
㣬㸸װæʦƵľת㲻֪£ϣֻҪ˴壬ͻ̼ģħڤɡĶȥٺ٣һжԤ֮С
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㲻£ҿԵֵסҶοʱҶѾɳˡ
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ħڤɡ˹⣬û֪ûǼҶﶼ޷ֵ޲𺧡
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Ҫǵʱ򣬱ӶȻ使һһŵɫ

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Ҷһ㶣Ȼ뵽ھ޴Ĺ餣޷̫ͣʱ䣬ʱ䵽ˡ

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Ȼ֮ʬȻ󣬸˷Բ֮أ˴һ
ȻޡڤԡԳһ
Ȼԭ壬ȴɽ羫Ӣôꡱ̽΢΢п
ǳϵĻ̣֪ʹʲôطȻڸȫһϢɵʵ˷ѽ⡱޽Ҳ̾
ҶһţƬĲҪ⻹дá
Ȼ󣬶ͷͼѾǻӣܾĻûдﵽޡ
ûв´ĻӦûĿռ䣬ֻǲ²⣬Ҫȥ֤ʵʬõ֤ʵϡ
ãµ족³ҶߣϿҶҶѪ·ˣ˫Ŀ֮һĨʹ֮ɫ
ǺǣҵԸµǹҶЦ
Ϊʲô³ز⡣
ǿ󣬲ƻǿЩʱıӿ¡Ҷ̾˿
ȻҶʣԼıκ˲ֶû˭ǳʤһСľͻɾˡ
Ը浶ǹȥ˼ӲƴҲԸں棬ȥͣƣǲóķ
ǹˣԸ񣬾Բʵʵص꣬˭Ҳ֪ʲôı
ҲͷһΪǾ޴ȥǰµĻȫͷء
Ǹһ˵ģԹ˵ɽ磬ôܳܵסһεĴս
Ȼǰ죬ǿ˵Ǵȫʤһʤ˶ЦھѹЩ͸
˱أҶ΢΢һЦҶô࣬ʱ䣬ģȫ𣡡


ʮ նħ߱


739 ֮
Ҷô࣬ʱ䣬ģȫ𣡡
࣬Ҷ΢΢һЦ
ģ޽Щŵĵ
Ҷƽδ˵һջҶͷЦ֮ȴ˼ᶨ
תͷһ·ֻħ޴Ѿױնɱڵܺ¶Ļع󣬴սܿͽˣڴɨս
ԭЩħ޴ûʲôɴɨģ˵ΪĶΪһһҪǸ
еľˣСĲˣһսϱֳĿֲʵˣֺһ㣬ȫС
ʣµˣҲսϷңϾս֮УһЩǶϼΪ󣬴Ҷ֪ҶҪľϧϡ
ŮΧڳȻߣıӼȫָ˳Ȼ֡
Ϊ֪ҶΪ֣̫̫ˣŮۣ³صĻع飬ȫˡ
ʱȻǻʱսɨϣʵӣǸΣ
ϻ˵ʱλǿߣҲȫҶҶ⡣
սոսɽ綯ѾָϱˣֻԼԼҪȫʵҶ
ǽǿֻôˣ̶ʱ򣬿Ҳʲô̫Ľ޿Ц
Ƕƽʱ䣬˵һʱ䣬ʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦûлش⣬ŲԹŵԭǵ˫ܰʦҺÿ࣡
ٺ٣СӣôΪʦɽ磬Ҳ쵱ûûɡԹһĵȫ֪Ҷеġʦ˭
ʪҺܺ棬ôǸײӳġҶʱлᣬʳ
ԹŽ޴֮УҶ;һЩŹ֣ʱԹŵĻع飬иһЩǡ
Ǻǣ˵Ϊʦҵ߳ơ¡
ԹŸո˵ͱһԵӱϣǵúУֱߣƾɵЩȱ£һᱻ˴
˲ЦԷǣ޽˸ǴЦѣԹһȣأԱҲˣȺһﶼһȺ쵰ǣôԵɽ磿
ʪĹ¼ǾͲ˵ˣǽ°ɡҶһȥֳԶˡ
Թֹͣ߶ҽһιľԭԹżǧǰյ֮Уǰɱй۲ħ嶯
ͬʱӱҲ˹ȥȻӱͲԹŶǽǿߣǵܹԻΪ
ɱһӾǧ꣬й۲ħĶΪһֱûͨħһЩٶ˽һЩ
ڴڼ䣬ŲԵĲԹţëģΪαװɾǳ
òԹŵĻ˵һвסġڿ족ˣ˻Ҫҵ
òԹû뵽ǣǧ꣬ڵһ㣬ǿھ޴Ĺ餡
αװɾΪҶƳ餺ͱ˹֮С
ԭΪһ޴ܱ⿪û뵽ǣǹ֮УȻװһֲꡣ
ʹǲԹű˽ڵȫΪûǸͱɱ
Թʹ˾УһԱٶ׼ʥǸֲ⧲֮£ȻòԹˡ
Թӳ޴֮Ǹֲ겢û׷²ǸֻǸ֮Уܳ硣
ԹһԱٶ׼ʥʱ޲һ仰˵
ֻ޽ûô𾪣ȻԲԹŵĹȥǳ˽⣬ҶʱŻȻΪӱԼΪƷʯȥﷷֹŹֵıˡ
Լô׼ʥȻƷʯóݿŵĳ̶ȣҲǰ޹ˡ
Թų˾޹׺󣬷Ѿ磬һ·زأòײŻصɽ磬͸˹飬ӱһ˹
ʪǸжǿҶһʵ
ǿǿĳǵ󣬶ңһɡԹ˵ɫޱء
ʲôԳʵ
һһꡱԹһ
ʲô˼
Ҳ˵ֻһ֣ѻµĲĻӦûһԹɫѿĵ
Ҳͷһ˵ײֻһ꣬ôԹ˵ãпܾҪˡ
һ֮УָУһ꣬ר֮ôں֮󡭡
뵽˲о˿ֲˣٸһ֮ݣǾ̫ˡ
ʪĻʮа˾Ҫˣǿھ޴֮УŵӦþꡣ
ڵķ磬ش٣һֲõģÿʮ꣬ͽʱǿߣɾ²һȥһ磬޾ľͿ־֮С
ķ磬ԼУʥ½ΪҶ¶ʱӦûûԲԸⱩ¶Լɽľߡ
ʱ֪ʲôռ㹻ųǰ
Ҳ˵ڵѾҪܻʲôˣе꣬Ӧþָںϵʱ䡣
ǽһޱȿֲĵˣԽ˲ߵ龳ӦûǴ˵еġҶͳĵ
֣ҶĿ³޴ݺݵУҵһת
ǲ֮ϵľ磬˼壬֮ϡ
߿֮Ϊãգǳ׵ƿ֮˿Եֵ
ʵʲôģȻǵĵˣͰɵˡҶ΢΢һЦ
ӣûô򵥣Էĳɾһᶼûˡϵ
үүʲôⲻǻǸͽˣˣҪˡҶظ
ҶڴӦ뵽Ҷľ֮΢΢ӦûлģһжҶˡ
İɣСආͽǺˡԹŷǳˬĵ
ҶﲻЦʪ̫Сˣ룬һ͹ܸһħޣһ壬жս㲻Ҫ壬Ҫڤ塢ħ壬٣ɽĴҲǾĴ׼ôãǻжսʪſ󣡡
ҶĻһӣһֲħޣƾ˵õһ֧֣ôֱʣôǵʵˡ
ǽٱǧ򱶣붼ͷƤ飬󻰵ĲԹţѵһ¿ˮ
ԣ뼸λ峤ǰͳһ¸ԼУ۷徳ǿжˡҶʵ
̽Գ껽棬΢΢һ㶣ǽԼߵʵ˳
Ҷ벻ǣǿߣȻаʮ֮ڡ
ҶﲻЦԺаʮˣ
ҶС˵ʲôأʲôʮ־ϲץҶʵ
үү㿴ʲô
Ҷһ죬ȻжһһλǿߣŴͣĿ͡
رԴ


740 ﱸ
ʹǽǿߣرԴҲԼӸرԴصԭʼľ
ݹ磬رԴֵĴҲͽеôΣʹ۷ǿߣ̽
һرԴ㹻߸˽ˡ޽ֻ߸òƶԴӰ첻󣡡
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˭˵ֻһţ
ѵ𾪵ĿҶĻ˵ˡ
жˣҾжٷرԴҶＫΪŵĵڵУаٷ֮һǳ˱Դ
ʹǰٷ֮һҲкüǳرԴж˲ã
˺ܾõʱ䣬Ŵл͹ҶĻ̫ˡ
Ҷǵˣô죿̽ʵ
̽ĻҲʳеǣô˵ҶˣˣԺԺ˵˵
οͲһ켸һǿ̲
Ƕˣǣ壿Ҷҡҡͷûһþη͸жʱǲȥǵģɣ
ҶôǲǻЩǷףʱҧһӣԥһ£˳
ǺǣûʲôǷ׵ģɽклˣ˶仵ˡûֻ棬ˣħ޻Ҫ¡ôҲǷˣͷܸվһˣǻǡЩۻ˽ļһǣȥɡҶﵭĵ
Ҫη壬ɽĺ˻أæʵ
Ǻǣ֪ݣһ𣬵ʱȻȻ֪ˣǸʱɳӺͽӺ׷ֱˡҶ͵
ȻЩ̫ҶĿǷˣĲ٣ļ壬ħ¾
ǸôԳҶļΣиеһů
ȻĺܹˣҶϣǿδһƬֻҪҶڣԲ֮ᷢǰЩ졣
뼸λ峤˷أ۷ϵĵӣ͵ɹ֪
Ҷ߼峤ҲΪԻˣΪѾˣϸͽ޴ڣ±ҪܽС
䣬ΪԶסλֵ𾴵ĳߣҶеأڻɸ
ҲڸˣҶ̳˻־һֱػɽ磬ɽ粻ڴңһЩС֮
ΪһɽңһЩ˽͵ļһͻ÷ʲôа飬пó
ǿȥҶ֪꽣ʥҲǾʦ޽ֻҪܹεĵӣͬҲ
Ҷﻰˡԡ޾µͷӣȻҶ˼
ͬʱҲҶԸҶǾԲԼͽֵģߵÿһˣԼֵܡ
ҶԸӵȥһΪֻɾŷɣܿҶһΪظˡ
һڽȫȥ֮սҲɨϣܡһǿߣҲɴ
һսѾֵܣѩ塢Ϸɡܿɽ˴һƬҹ꺮⣬Ѿһ𣬸Ϸһĭɣһ
Ҷ³غʱϷɸæͣһصͷϴ󣡡
ղŻ죬ͬһϷɣ̼˹͹һһЦ
ϽʰʰػɹҶûĵԸ׼ˡ
һսɽѾΪƽأԭͶǣӵӣûӰ
֣һɡҶߵǰصһǵܵļ
ǰˣи̾ô꣬ǵһͬˣļ
Ҷļ򣬷ǵûˣеԺЦ˵Ƿһ
ҶüͷЩõĵҶߣֵֻܣֵܼεգ˵ЩЩ˸ˣ
֣㻹˽ϴ󣬲ûϵҪ˽ϴϷеһϣ
ϷɹŵܵļصصϴؼѾܽᵽ˵ĲˣԺлᣬѷ㣡
˵꣬ϷɻܼüŪۣ¶һ˶Цݣ˵
飡
Ϸɸո˵꣬ƨϾͰһţ˱߷ɣβҶߵģһŮӵŭӣҷѧ
ֻܰȻһŭݵĿϷɣȻһܰȻߵãϷʱŵء
ϷƨɣһԹĿŵ֣ܵⲻǺţҲ
ЩΣҪǸȴܰȻһסߺߵĵʲôõǸģһҪѧѵһĴܲ𣿡
ܰȻһ仰˵꣬;ЩˣǶһĹ죬۾͵͵ҶǱȥ
Ҷ̾ͺˣôҲǹϰҴϸʲô˭˭ˣ
ҶԲ𰡣Ҳ˵ġܰȻҲһӾ˵ˣۻĴܲڵŹͷͺ¿ˣ̫ˣæǸ
ҶЩЦãֻϵùҪ˵Ȼ˹ЦûҶһĴܲҲģϵרһˣڽãֻܶؿɽˮˣ
ŮһȻĻǶֳһĨЦݣʱҲ͵͵һӵҶöá
ԼҸˣߵλþҪȻ˵ȻգǺεȵĲ̡
ȻĻҶжӯ˰Ȼã˶ãֻȻһЩ
ȻҡҶųȻ֣жĲ֪˵Щʲôˣ̫࣬˶
Ҷɣʲô˵ǶҲȷʵҪһˣΪȥԺǵļңûŵĵطˡȻĿ֮һ˿
ҶϰûӦ׳Ȼе˼Ժ󣬲ͷϻһκ飺ȻƤˡ

Ҷεı飬һЦܡ顢Գ졢ƽȡܰȻݵˣܵȾҲŹЦ
Ц֮ǶܵҶһȺУʵ飬޾УǴġ
չթɽУΪΣյģҶôһȺˣÿһ˵жôֿһֿԽԼȫиԷһΡ
ָо̫ˣüޱȵĸж඼ͬӶǿˣҲһȺĻ顣
ɽ磬޷ݳƷᵽָожޡ
Ц¸ϷɴɫϷ׹Ҫȥ칦ƣ˺ƺƵ뿪ˡ
³ŮҲȥתۼȫ߹⣬ֻӰš


741 ñط
Ŀԣþ޷ֿؼž·ʱһ˲䶨ֻжԷڳ
Ȼ
Ҷɣ
һૣ˽رһ𣬻ȵ촽һķʽű˴˵˼
֪䣬ˮʪգһĻĻһεζڶ˵Ժ֮УĻ䡣
Ȼҵˡ֪˶ãֿҶ￴ǰĳȻЩɬĵ
Ȼ֣Ҷ۽ǵȥĿ֮һ˿ĸԵĹԡ
ôˣСһޣôȥˣ㻹û󡱳ȻЩֵĵ֮ϣȴȫϲ֮ɫ
ôȥˣҶûһ仯ϤľٶϤгܰ
ҶɣԲܿˡȻḧҶͷ˿ѩĿ֮иһĨʹ
ر㣬áҶЦЩǿ̿ĵ˼⣬Ķûϡ
ǿĵ£ΣյҲܿ˷Զⶵˣδ
йһηǳʹʱڣûгȻӣܾԼһˣرųȻһ㡣
ȻӵҶ׿ҶĻУҶеϢǿţޱȰȫĸо
ȻЩһҪл죬㣬ڵңᵽ塱ظҶţȻɵǣһĨЦݡ
ųȻķ㣬ڳȻĶͷһǣЦҿɲл죬ܸоұˣȻôõŮˣԸ౻ӿӣ
ᣬô㣬㻹֪㣿ȻҶһŭ
ٺ٣ǿһҵѾˣһôε°ԣΪǶãȻҪ粽ļලҲСҶ˫ֹųȻüŪ۵Ц
ΪǿˣƤҲűˣȻʼˡȻӣԳЦ
ҶٺһЦҲ˵֪ΪʲôȻһͻһַǳ͵ĸо
Ȼһ֪Ľ㣬ʲôҪ˵Ϳñ˴ͨһ־ϵĹ
Ц֮󣬳ȻظҶգĵҶɣȻУһصӢۣ֮ڣ˿ԸסĹԡ
ҵģǸ޵еĹ⻷еִţҲֻˣֵڽи
ȻЩЩģǶ֪ÿһöĵġ
ԸΪÿһԼһУŮ˶ǶʼĺǿģԽƯǿŮˣûԸȥԼİ
ؼ䣬ֻҶ㣬ЩǣеĶԹΧߡ
ȻҡҶижҪ˵ȴȻס
֪硢Ϊ㣬̫ίشٹǣо춼Ҫˣ㲻Ůˣ㲻˽⣬ǳܵʹ;ȵʧʱеʹ࣬ǿǧٱǶΰյˣϣѶֻ໥໥Ļ⣬ǻŵΨһϣο塣
֪䣬Ȼ֮ϲۣҺȻúҸôһȺĽáʱǶĵȥңҵһᵽĸоҺÿģ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣Ȼ˫Ŀ֮һ˿죺ôǵһᵽ
ɵϣǳȻͬҲǱӣڵݼ䣬ѵһҸɱ𣿡ȻЦ
ҶȻԼ׳ˣӸ˳Ȼļ䣬ǱӾʧˡ
ӻǱӣ껹ǱӵģֻǶһݼѣ뵽Ҷﲻһ
ɵϣʲôأȻǱǳȻڻûŪ𣿡ȻЩֵĵ
ռˡҶһЦԼȷⷽЩԽ
ߣȻռˣôɫŮӣĽ㣬ռµıˡȻ˵꣬ҶһŤ
ѽ
ҶԼɣбܷжȥóȻŤҶô̬˭ͱˡ
ȻǺŭһŤҲװװӣûҶȴǳϵʹһ
ͣ
Ȼ֪Ҷ֣ģȻ̲סһЦ˳ݣʻţ޾ס
ȻҶһ鲻Խ޵
Ҫ˵ûΪεҲǡȻһ죬Щյĵ
ҶʱһΣûлظȻļ䣬ҸӹӴһȻ˾ˣ֪λشˡ
ӣأôʲôȻҶͷԵģЦ
ҶﲻҡҡͷЩĵȻԽԽƤˣ
ⶼǸѧģоһÿ춼ĺÿġȻϸһĨڴ
ųȻЦ绨ݣҶһˮתӣӨҶﲻ˵Ȼһ컵龰ͷҲʼЩü
Ȼ
Ҷ˫Ŀʼһ䣬Ѿס˳Ȼص˳Ȼӣ֮ϡ
̣
Ȼ˲ʧǻȵĸо֮УͬۼһԽԽ
Ҫ
Ȼ٣ϸϸֽץҶһֻҪǰĴ֡
ôŶˣ羰ãǻһطҶһ㶣ȻΧһۣȻ
ͷǲġȻϵĺ쳱ûȫȥҶһۣЩֵĵ
ΪʲôҶﲻЩʧ
ȻָҶӣΪ̫ˣĽòƽʱѾܶԲλˣһⲻȥġ㲻˵ҪٰһʢĻ񣬽нöȢ𣿡
Ҷصһ¶ͷЩԼһֻ°˼Ķ
Ҷɣ硢λԹ޻ڵػô꣬ȫǴ֮Ȼܸм㡣һŮİһ˺ΪεľǣԼӣֵиһˣǵĽŮˣҸŮ˵ģڴλãһ޸һ̡ȻҶһǣ
ҶͷһĵĵţʱҪ磬֤ǵĻ񣬽ȫȢţһȢô绨ӣͬ˯ͬߡ
뵽ҶﲻĻŭţŽȻƵʱ龰Ȼ
ҶɣڽýĲˣôɫѿˮɡȻҶЩζĵ
ҶһΣæȥǣϣûпˮ֪ϵˡ
ҶĶóȻһЦҶһջ𣬶ݺݵȻ
ûţ͸Ϸˣ㣬Ժ󻹲ˣ
ȻһЦתӣһЦԭߵĴأΪЦÿʼ


742 عɹ
ɽһսѪ죬ħأԲﶼ˷档
һսĻ͵͵ȥսսµĿֲ־ܽͨǿ߻ѹ
˽棬Ӱ¼ܿ棬ɽ綼ˡ
ֲĲླǿߣӪɽôˣ͹ʦͽôʧˡ
һЩӳĽǿߣ֮£ǽ¼Ĺ˳
һʱɽ綼˴ͣʦͽȻļϸҶǿ߸ɽ
һϢһϢ𺳣Ƕ֪òȥţΪЩϢ̫ˡ
һǿߣ͵͵һӰһ˶ɵˡ
Ҷ˲֪ʱ򣬾һǿߣвѰζ
λó֮˴ս֮ʱȻ˭ûвһǿߣԶӡ
Ϊһδͷβ¼սӰ죬˳
ǶӰһɽ綼ˣิƣٴɽ磬ΪӰ
Ӱ񲥷һʼ֮ʱǿ̵ǽŵĳ档
ǿһǿԽԽ࣬Ҷ֣ȴݺ˾綾Ҷﱾսǿͷͣ
Ļ棬ǺЩѣҶֻʮλɸҸǧսݺ鳹ˡ
ԵǼҹ꺮һֻȴնɱǿʱһӶҪͻˡ
ԽսѾǵ󣬿Լҹ꺮նɱǷɵĸоɱһ㡣
ǿЩ֮Уܶ඼ǡ¸ءˣܶ˶ỳӰǼٵġ
һǿߣ˫Ŀ޾ľֱնɱǼֱҪˣ̫ˡ
һǧǿߣȻٶ׷ɱıͷܣܡ˷أǶԼЩˡ
ֱܣħ޴ֵʱ˶һ
Ȼ֮ǰҲԼ֮ˣǿĽħޣǽǳˡ
֪Ѿǹȥ飬ܶ˶Ҫ׼ˣħޣɽʲôֵ
ΣĹͷҶ˹ƣгʣ˷ɱħ޴ĳ棬һӡǵԺС
۸׷裬սҶһһǹڽħ޴֮ݺȥ·ؼ䣬ûκζ赲ĽŲ
ֱҶｫħ޴նɱֱ֮ϣӭ죬Ѿľˡ
ֱؾ޹׳֣ٴαˣǿҶǾ޴Ĺ֮ǰȻûл֮
ɽһƬѹֵķΧУǸع餣һɽѹͷ͸
ɽĴ£ǻЩ޷ܣ·һжһ㣬ЩվһӪǿ˵һجΡ
ջ֣֪̿Ҷʲôʱо֮УʱήԼͷϡ
ǵĵȫǶģҶûȥǣ˵ӦҶûʱǡ
ҶȻദһʱųȻ׷ˣŮǳ⡣
¸飬ϸһĨǵĵҶôͽˣǲǸа
Ȼͨ죬ҶɫЩڣݺݵһۣû˵±ȥ췽棬רңҶҲҪʰ·硣
˻صɹ󣬻ɹĵӣȫӭ˳
μ
ҶһЩ֪룬ʲôʱ˹ˣƺЩ˰ɡ
Ҫ˵һһߣЦõҶ磬˼Ǹ¶㲻Ҫˣ
Ҷһ죬޲Ҹطȥ¶ǻΨһͽȻҪ̳²
¶ЦŸ˼͵͵ҶĵûķݶˣͷΣûȤ
ûȤҶﻢûĵ
ŮһЦǾʱϷһ£ɽһˣһǳõ顣
˽ɹôȰıչ죬ϾովһսҪһʱȥջ
Ҷĵһ£ȥҰȻûҶʧʱɹϡ
Ҷһ£Ӧÿһּƻˣƻʼոϱ仯
밵Ľ磬Ϊҵʮʥ꣬Ѿ˲ˣ˭뵽ڰ֮İ£пʥȫ׽ˡ
һȻĲɹҶָʮǱˮн
»ҪԺ취ðҲűչأϾкܶҪ
ȻҶԤƵĲ࣬չϡ̽Գ껽ˣȫˡ
ζԼ£ΪܳľӴˣʮӣһ֣͹Ҷ
һЩǣ˫Ŀ֮Уȫ֮ɫҶɽһս۷ǡ
Ҷİɣʱ򣬷ǳСģ˾Բ֪ԳҶ￪ڣ˵˳
Ƕǻµϼһ֪¹ش˭ҲдЩӶǴԼСдġ
·ϣԼϢ·ߣԲ֪
ǺǣǾͺãǵʱǳǾͲ˵ϻˣϽֶɣ
Ҷ˵껰һӣȫԼСС
ҶСУ˶ǿǣҲһŵĿǿա
ҶС磬ʲô簡ǷǾһ棬ǳܲû⣬ûʲôȴ
ǶǽǿߣǵС磬ɲһֻһЩѡ
ǸҶȣڵС磬һͨ󲻶١
ҪǣģǸ貵̫ɢſֲĻ棬ǸȻɢ߲ʹâɢſֲ
ҶС𣿡̽򣬲૵ʵԼȻ޷ӵıԵ
̽Ҳˣһ͵ĿǿգǽЩš
ǺǣûҵС磬ڵǳһֵرԴҴڳֵܽǣÿһǳرԴ硱ҶЦ
ҶЩϼһǣǺհԳЩЦ
ԳϣԼôֲԴǲóģǿԼ塣
ǰô˵ͼˡҶ΢΢һЦ˵ڶ࣬Ǿͽһץʱɣ
һϲرԴѾˣҶĻ󣬶Ҷһ񣬷׷׷˳ȥ
ʮУֻмٸˣаռ˴ıҹ꺮ˣûнˣֻҪرԴͻ˳Ҳȥˡ
Ҷô٣᲻ЩװԳֱӣ뵽ʲô˵ʲôֱʵ
ǰȥδӡ̽ҲŵϾЩУ˵ı̫ˡ
޷һΣյ壬ûҵ֮ǰǿ˵һ˫н˼пܻԼԼҶҡҡͷ̾˿
ʵܼ򵥣ǵǵȣǴǣǵԳҲͷ
ҶЦ岻ģѾ˾η͸жһУ˻ɡһ±׼ĳ֣ͻȥ׼ǲ֣ǾһĸԴ
ô죿òɡﾪһֱû˵ʱڵ
ôܣǺ⣬ȷһţԺ˵Ҵλǰȥһ
ҶǺһЦûлش⣬һӣ˳һʯǰ


743 
裡
һȻҶ;βһṩһЩ裬Ǹʱ̫æȥֻһ㡣
һ㣬̽ǳֱӿԽ˽ڵıϣ˺ڡ
Ƕˣޱ𾪣Գ˸Ǵһˣֱ㶵ĿŲ
СӣôõĶôͲ֪ТʦԹſ裬۾ɵùԲ
ûҶ˵ӱѾڳϲҪģҶĶһͭĹϵ𣿡
ôûϵʦͽҵľģľҵġԹطǳֱ׳ĵ
ǵҶģҪΪƷʯȥ٣Ǹʱôô˵ӱһĵĵ
ҶǺһЦȰսĺˣȥ£Ͳˣǳ棬ֻҪ֮㹻Ϳ޴
ӱȻ³صʦǲôеģҶ켣ô֪꣬ô׼û
ȻҶĳƺӱĻŭţЦҶ˵ûǸʦ̻ˣ
ǰͳҪж٣ҾǵԣҲ㹻ˣ
Ҷ˵꣬Ȼһ£껽ǰүүôˣ
΢΢̾˿ϵ̫أֻǿסҪ׸ԭҪ£
ϵ̫ˣǱ̺֮һնأܹסѾˡ
ҶѹЦܱסˣЩôϼһѵȲٰʮģ
ǰүүųɣ뿴Ҷ
ԥһ£һ۴ϣջǴһ죬ͷ˳
һ֣ȻҶ׼˫Ŀһ죬³˫Ŀ֮Уˮӿ
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ڿֲ֮£ڵзǳҪ²ǴϿеġٰʮꡱԶ޷Ҳ˵ַֻʽѡ
Ҷ³гΣΪ˾Żҡ
Ҷ³ص磬οûµģң
𾪵Ŀ֮УҶһ죬Сؽϵһ
ǰٳȥɡҶ
ҳȥˣ¡Щԥϵȫ֧ţһʧȥϵһʱ̾ͻɢ
ҶġҲЩţǺ£ЩҶǾԵΡ
ʶҶôʱҶ˵ĸоֻҪ˵óõ
ԼֵлָԴϵĳȣҲ޷

ڴѪеʧϵ΢΢һ£ûκϢ
һǿ˲״˶мΪѹǽעеҶϡ
ٳȥһɲǣҶϵϣȫת
ˣ
Ҷһɲǣϵ˿ڴһѪʼȻ޷ϡ
µ־޷ǿֻɫһ䣬ѵ
Ҷɫ䣬˵ͷӦҶԤ֮Уֻһƣۻβã
ʲô
Ҷһ֮תϵ򣬻Լڡ
䣡
Ҷϵը飬׷裬ֲ־
򣿡
˴һֻܹϰܣû˵˿ǿǸɱûʲô
䣡
Ҷ΢΢һҶǿֲķʧǱһ㡣
˴벻ֲ򣬾Ȼᱻ̫˳Ծˡ
Ҷвһ˿˶һۣ˶Էе𺧡
־֮Ҷתϵؾ建£Ѫ֮ûκ谭ʼϡ
ϵ̫޴ʮɵǾһɽȻҶȫתʮֻ
㣡
껼־ʧϲæһ죬ǿͬһӿ
״Ҳٻ˱֦ҲŰָ˵Ĳ֣ϵ壬ٵĻָš
Ҷи̾Ϊǿ󣬿Ƕڱˣٷ֮һʹ
껶˵ˣΪ̬ǣǶȫսΪĴڡ
ϧǣɭһĵӲֻ࣬ǧӣǧȫ磬Ҳ㹻֧Ԯսˡ
ˣ
ʱϵ΢΢һ𣬾޴壬Ȼģ
£Ǹ˵أҪƴһǹ֣˫Ŀɨܡ
ļ仹ͣڣսʱ״̬ʱ˿ԼЩãȻ
ʲôʱܹʡʡİЩεĵ

һ㶣ȻеһתһƨڵϣشϢͷˮ
ϣոջָԪĺܣǺúϢһµĺáЦ
ʱˣľæתͷ³ؿȥһЦŮû¾ͺãһϱɲʲôˣ
үү³ж˳
ϰ壬ˣҪүүԺŬˡҶο
ôŬһȫԸġ³ز֪ҶĻ֮ΪһҪЩʲôæʵ
ٺ٣ȻŬңЩޣүүİҶһЦĵ
㡭ᱡ
³ʱ򣬲֪Ҷĵߵͨ죬شҶһȭתȥҿˡ
˹ЦһЦ󣬸ղŽŵ˲٣Ҷһ죬ʮŹС
үүӡ˵꽫ӵ˹ȥ
ϿеĹӣЩЦõӣǿЦǵӣͷ𣿡
ôһ˵һȻеģȻȫֻɹؾ֮Уųĵ
ͷĴ󵨵ĳ԰ɣǰͳڣԶپж١ҶЦ
΢΢һ㶣һǿɾ޴ĵһ죬ǿ룬ǿɵ΢΢һ˲俪˻䣬һʱ䣬˳ĵ
ˣʯͷԭʯͷȻǴ˵ʯڿڡ
ǺǣʲôԭԼоɣһжˣû³ԳԵȺɡҶЦ
˲ϲ⣬ǰﲻ󣬿˵Ǿˡ
ҶﶣǣһжǶŵ㣬ЩرԴĵӣҪʲô⡣
ǽ˽磬ҲʼƷ裬硣
ҺҶС磬ֱȶȥ


744 ̷ķ
Ҷ뿪ֱȶȥȺҶ﷢ѾʼɵȻˡ
û뵽ʱ䣬̷µЩѧͽǣѾΧһ޴¯ڷæµš
ʦѳĻ򻹿Բ
ʦѾˣܽһ𣿡
̷һڵӵƷ΢΢˵ͷǶļգһǲСǾ仰Ҫȫȫ⡢ȫȫȥ죬ͳŻԣһעʥɾһʥҲһʥҾԲǵУ
˵̷֮ȫ֮ɫ˵ͷ˴ĲϣֻҪʥһʱʥҲ֮꣬һʥͲҪ˷һ˿һʱ䣡
ǣʦ
ʮӣغһֿʼæµŸԵĻƣŵǻ棬̷ĵͷ
ϣûдɡҶʱЦ
ˣʥõ𣿡Ҷﵽ̷ϲһĸղŵ࣬æʵ
ҲҶЦ
úúãߣҵȥ̷ЦҶԼҡ
ҲֻǧɷԲһڵ̨ϣһѳ
Ǻ
̷һץ𳤵һʣֲѹҶͷһѿڶ
õ
ٺ٣ҽ洫ʥעѳڣɾһʥ̷ظųЩȻĵ
κһʦ˽ԼƷʱְᷢ⣬һַԹԸ
Ρ̷彫ݸҶ
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ҶӹһΧ΢΢ҡҡͷһţ̷ԼСڡ
ֽԪӿ볤֮УȻһһֲĵ⣬
ã
Ȼ̷ǿΪʦĲƵʷǳС
һ˲ͿˣҶ𳤵һ̣ͽ˵˺һľ硣
Ҷķӿ룬ԽԽԽԽ죬춼Ų
̫ˣֻʹĳ̷˷֮ɫ
䣡
Ȼշһ죬ֲɢҶеĳȻ顣
ԭ̷ǳ˷ܵһӽˣŴͣβŲŵ³֣
ˣ
ҶҲǴؿУֻʣ°صĳһʱЩΣϣ㿴⡭
̾˿ɥʥˣԭһʱ򣬻ǲһǣʥ걻̫ˣȻʼ˻ˣҵʥ
̷۵Ҫ͵һʥûȹҫأôһ죬˭ҲҪײǽˡ
ҵʥ갡ǿ汲ģڰ̷ˣҶһμһޱʦ⸱ŵı顣
ϣˣδ˲ʥֻ꣬ҪŬҪͶʥСҶæο
ʥꣿҺ̷ܶࣿȻҶ˵ȥѰʥˣж٣Щ𣿡
̷һָؽ΢΢һʮ֡
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵еСӸ򡯣Ͳˣ
ʮ򡱣̷һתһץסҶϽҿ
ʱĲ̷壬״˫ĿѪĻҶΪˡ

Ҷ˵Ų̷һϣǰһ޴ˮأ̷Ӷ͹ˡ
һԲǧľ޴ˮأˮ֮У͸ʥ꣬һˮӿ
һЩǿʥ꣬ɢѹò̷궼һʹ̷Ȼ֣ݺһҧϣʱѪ졣
ϣʲôҶһ̷ķˣǿ޶ûطȥˡ
û£ҾǲΡ̷شţ۾ضǰˮأ˫Ŀ֮ȫǿ֮ɫ
ˣҵûȥһ£ٿȥҵҪܲˣҵõһԼ̷һԼĶŰ۾ˮջء
ˮ֮еʥ꣬Ҷ˵ʲôʮ򡱣عƣʥǧϡ
деʥǿö࣬һʦһӣδлһʥ̷꣬һӿôʥ꣬ûιȥԼԼĶˡ
Ҷｫ̷С󣬲̷ĴϢܾãԼ΢Щƽ
ϣһʥҪ೤ʱ䣿Ҷһᣬʵ
һѣ̷Ŵͣ뵽Ҷеôʥ꣬ҲȻˡ
ͷҲҪ£ܳɹһʥڲ̫ʹˣԼһɡôĳ̷ȷʵûȥˡ
Ҷһ֣ҲȥˣΪô㶼ʵϣʥϰʲôĸķʱ䣿
Ҫ˵ϰǻУѾϵȵĻʯǻԵЩ㡣Ҫ˵ʥΪʱľ飬Ҳǽʥע֮УҪļ֮ҽչ̷һµ
𣿡Ҷ۾һϣ̫֮Σ
ʲô̫֮𣿡Щɻĵ
ҶһĶͷˣС磬ǷıԵ֪̫֮
νȥԵͿʥȥˣûע⵽Ҷе̫

Ҷٴν̷С磬Ҷѡ̫ǳĵط

̷̫֮˸߲ʹâһδĻ档
ԻǿȰɡ̷忴һ£Щɲͳһڵ顣
˵껰һףҶ⣬һ죬һ߲ʻɳӭǿ
˻
·պ֮Ƿһ죬ǿѾʧӰ١
ʲô
̷ͣŵöˣǿ鲻۵ĺΪīȻʲôĲϡ
Ѷȷǳ󣬱һʥĲϻҪڻһǿȵġ
֮ǰʥĻ棬ҲҪʱʱ䣬ܹīڻ
Ҷ߲ʻ棬Ȼһ˲佫īûˣһ˿Ҷʣ¡
𣿡Ҷ̷ı飬Щ
Կ̷ȡһǳ֣˳
ҶһɳҶһǣǾǳ֣ڻûʧ
ҶոһžǳڻҺ壬ȻʧӰա
̫ǿ̫񱩣޷ƿأĻ޷̷һӵĿ߲ʻ棬̾Ϣһ
гϧ߲ʻĻôٶȣͻһ
ҶҲһʧԼ̫֮û뵽̫֮֮Ȼ˿ֲ
Ժ׻򣬱ȻޱȿֲʥĲ϶ڻм˿Եֵ
Ȳ˵Σ˻Դ⣬ԼļƻҪˣǿԼǳҪһ




745 
̫Ҷ˫Ŀ΢΢һ۾ΪԼˣϸһпϲ
һ£
Ҷͣϲķ֣ŷǵĲȸ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻܵԼ̫ϣȻ̫֮
ǸӣȻ̫֮ʼУҶԾͬʱ뵽һܡ
ԭ͵͵Ǳ̫ڵĻ΢΢һ£һչ˹ǧɵͣһĻ棬˵񿥸߹
ɵҶǰֻȭͷСҲļϣЩĵͷһ͵˶ĺӣЩ
ҶһЦḧһ»ðڳӣҵĶĶôþôã
Ҳ벻ҶﾹȻ˺˵ǸװͰͣŷǵʱȫһ˷ܵͷ˲ҶĲӡ
ǵĶҲֻҶŷ˿ܣ˱һ£Ҫսˡ
һյĻ棬һ¾ǳԡҶ

̷ȡһǳ֣ƵĻ棬ȼյǳֵʱֻ˶̶һʱ䣬Ͱһ̯Һ塣
ã̫ˣȻĿɫ棬ʥٶȺƷʣмߡ̷˷ܵĴУƽʱصȫһ
ҶͷȻɫı֮𣬲Ļޣ΢ƿأûоȥϰ˻ػרڣһӭж⡣
ȥɣʵԺҪİæҶḧһ»ͷ­
һУҶҲ֪ʲô˼ô̫߲ʻȥˣҶӦò᲻Ӧ
ϣǰȷҵСڰɣ㿴Щǿ֮ģṩرԴǾǱӿٶȲˡҶ
Ҷȱľʱ䣬Ҫħս֮ǰԼߵʵ²С
ϽѾ𾪵ľˣرԴҲܹˡ
Ϣò̷岻ϲʱȻһֱЩӲǲǺøԶ˼ȡ
ʵЩУкܶӣԼǺ֣Ǿ粻Щ̵Ķ޷
ҶԽǽôͿӭжˣ̷˵ʹӦ
ҶｫСУרһΪڣǲϿصĵӣȫץʱʵ
ߵһҶʯߣʯߣҶµƤףȫˣʮƤ⣬ƾˡ
ˡҶﵽʯæ
ҶʱʱѾ˽ڣǰļһ˿Ǹ⡣
ΪԼĿ꣬ǿаʯ磬޷Ĳ࣬вЩ
ʯ⣬ԲҶ̾Ϣһ
ʯһ㶣˹ҡҡͷˣ⻰˵ĲԣʯˣⱲӣܲͻƵ˵붼룬ʯΪƼʦͷǳļѣʯڵľ磬Ƽʦ֮У㲻˵ߣҵļУҲǰ޹ˣ
ʯ˵˫Ŀ֮гţһ˿⣬ͶҶĸм
һǿƥƤףеԺͽֻΪƼʦܹᡣ
ʯôһ˵Ҷ˲٣ͷȻˣҾͶᣬƷ
˵껰ҶﶪһƤʮɣƤ
ҵƤܾˡʯ⿴ž޴Ƥϲ˫ĿŹ⡣
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һЩ뷨ֻи߼ϲʵ飬߼ǺεȵѵãֻҶʸô
ڵʯһ׸ΪǿƼǿƼȴҪǿƤײС
ʱ䣬ʯҶѾεˣʱƤ˵Ҫ
ȵȣУ
Ҷ˵ӳƤƤ·ߵƤ࣬沼Ƭͨںڣɢѹӿֲ
ʯЩӣƤֵ˲䣬ȫɫ԰ףڵϷĴϢߵѹЩСӣֵܹġ
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˵ͣһ£ΪĿƬƤɽһ㣬ǿ״Ǳпġ
ôе޼ƾͳЦˣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá
ô˵ߵƤƷһƬп̻һôܸ㶨Ҷʵ
Ӧû⣬Ƥʵһʱ䣬ӦúܿͿˡʯ⻹ŵĵȻûԹкܶ뷨ûóء
ǺãҲҵСɣĵǣҲʵץʱ䡱Ҷﶣ
˵꽫ʯ˰úúҶһ£ǻص£ҵ档
濴ȥһʮͷٸΪ˷ǳͰ˷ǳദĸо
Ҷһ£ǿ߹һϾٻ̫ˡ
붼û룬ͺܸɴشӦˣһͬŷߣϵǳУһжû⡣
ҶȻʵǰе񵽵˭
΢΢һЦ񣬲Ǵ˵ʵһȡһһͣ
ҶһڡڣǶ磬˵һʱ֮ڣ⵽Ԥʾʲô
ĿҶ֪磬ᣬ֪Ϊʲôˣһδԡ
ҶȻ뵽һܣ֪ܲǲǻΪʵĻҪˣ˾
Ҷôˣɫôôѿ³ЩĵĿҶ
һԺǸõ뷨˦ȥЦûʲôû£
ǰǱߵͰˣǱ߲жٲϣʹɣߵȱںܴ󣡡
ͷԭ飬һ峤ȥͿˣ룬Ǿȥһˡ
Ժ󣬺ȻһӰͻȻҶҶ磬ǲǰˣ
ҶﶨһȻСѾͷСѾͷȻʮӣȻСһӣ³Ҳضá
㶼ôˡҶﾪϲĵ
ߣٲңҶҪһˡſɰСӣһӡ
úãҵĴΪ̫ˣھɣҴú棬òáҶЦ
ģҽ𣿡ǷЦ
û⡱Ҷؿڱ֤
³غòףŽƭĴȥУҶҲУ˻ɹ
һһɹĵӣ˵Ҷһλ


746 
ǰˣҶһ
գƣ
ǰһˣǵڷʱ򣬱ӡĹŴǿ߼պͷơ
شһսǽһ˷ǳصˣʱĴϣֻˣǲûиͬ
Ժ˷̨ɽ磬ɽԺǷǵΪֻһ㡣
ôʱҲֻͻƵھѣ֮УҶսǧݴʱӰ죬һʱ伤ѡ
׼ǰѰҶҶͻȻ䱻ɽ׷ɱǲ֪룬ֻʱһͶ
һ֮󣬵Ҳٴγʱ򣬺ɨɽ磬˻ģɱ죬Ϊɽһˡ
ʱвҶѾΪ߸ϵĽǷ񻹻ǵһ
˱Կ̬ȣӲͷƤˣҶ棬ҲԼʲôźˡ
ϲǣɹĵӣûΪ˵Ϊ΢Ҷ
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պͷƵҶͬ飬飬˭Ҳû취ģȻˣҪ취
˽ˣǸҲǲΧҶˣˡ
Ѿżպͷȥˣ˱ţֻǿڻѹȣ˻
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ĽᣬҪԼȥ򿪣Ż᲻Լĵ覴ãԺ·
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ҶаЦҲΪ֮ģϾ֮ˣӶܰģֶסԺкܶ鷳
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ҶôҲΪһ̵棬Ȼ̷һ棬Ϳʼ໥ʾԼ⡣
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ʱһ˲Ҷ˼˶ʦȻ߰Ƕֵ𾴵ˣǻǶǫġ
óԵĵ໥һʱ侹ȻĸоҶĲ١
ӲʩȫˣҶ￪ʼʥ滭ͼֽĥߡ
ȻҶﲻ֪ʲôӵ˳֡
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ҶæýͷöʱɽкȻһЩʣҶЩ벻


747 ۺĺ
Ҷ벻ǣɽǿߣۼһ𣬸ϵ˻ɹǰ
ҶֵʱǿߣѹѹĹһأߺҵԸ׷Ҷˣǣ
ҶɨˣȻв˶ǣԼɽǿߡ
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ʱһһȥԽԽˣͶˣһЩˣԸҲԸԼݣԸ
ˣһЩнˣǣипΪԽͣԽйԽǿԽ
ֱȫӹˣʣµˣסԭİٷ֮һҶһЩߣò˸п
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ڣ
ȻһֲĽâɳƿ˲񷣬նǸϮ


748 
Ǹǿ߾ȫû뵽Χһôֲǿߡ
ҪߣǺȻ֣أһˣֲĻ⣬ն˽ǰ

ۣ
ֲĽâֱӽǸǿ߻Ѫռ΢΢Ťһ£һųӣ֡
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ǸǿߣæǸ˲Ǳˣǽ˽еһˡ
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ǣ
ӦһֱӽȫԼСУֱɹȥ
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Ȼ˿ڣסԭİٷ֮һ֮ڣɽʵ̫ˡ
Ҷգ˺ͷȸлǶҵΣѡһͬɽ磬ɽΪǶеԺ
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ȿȣûʲô
Ҷɿһ£һԼΣҪһԼޱʱҶȻϸֿϲ֮ɫ


749 ʱ侧
ҶﾪϲǣԹŻˣҶԹţһ仰ʣ𣿡
ǲҲԹŶϵĶеܣԹŷǳ԰һ£һ죬һ鷽Բʮɵ͸֡
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һǳľʯΧʱٱûҶڵʱͨƣЧûôǿ
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ݲԹ˵־ʯǳأ񲢷ɽԭľʯҲĵһμ
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ҹ꺮ѩȸ֣Ϊǿսһĸ֣˵⣬ûܹ֧żغϡ
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һǱϾ峤һǵսأõǵܷӳĹЧ
ΨһҶЩǣλ峤ǿ⣬ҶֱΪҹ꺮ѩ塢Ϸɡܿɽһֺ֪ǣ͵͵ظÿ˶׼һʥꡣ
ʥ꣬ʮ߼ʥ꣬۳Ĵڣһעʥڣʥɱ
ҶԼЩԼû취ҲǷˣҲ˽ҶԼ̾ѣ˹ȻЩ˽һ档
ʮǲСĿ䶼ʥǲ̷ʦҲǲɵ
Ҷṩ˼п
һҶûǣƿص߲ʻ棬ϵٶȣȹȥ˰ٱֹ
ڶϺɵĵǣȫ˽磬һЩǷǳҪĲ裬õɡ
ҶﲻҪΪʥע飬ʥ֮УΪѣҲΪʱĻڡ
ģʱ侧ڣǵʱ䣬֮ǰһٱЧȻ
ĸĸٶȣ쵽˲˼顣
ȻҪΪ칭ΪԳһ쳤ŷһȣǰͼֽѾãĥߴɣͿˡ
ƼǱߣʯҲжʮӸϡüԷȷ涼ģֻҪĲ裬ͿˣЧͬɿ졣
ɽʱ䣬ûΪⳡɽĴս˿ͣЪɿٵķɳۡ
ɽ磬һĩ֮磬ȻֽڣѾȥ¥գһЩɽϽĵطѾǵĵ̡
Щǣϴνɱߡ󣬾ͬ伣һ㣬ȫʧɽ硣
һʱط·𶼿ʼ˳ţͬһĺߣصȴ١
תۼɽսѾȥһʱ䣬һʱɽ磬߾ûκζ
һգҶ˻ɹĻɹѾһճˣеˣҶСڡ
һжѾ׼ˣŲɵĵ꣬ŹҲɵڵȡ
ƴľʱ䣬˭֣˭ʤͶһ֣ѾʼȲˡ
֮ǰҪһǳҪ飬һһֱĽȥ¾㱸ֻǷˡ


750 ǹ
ҶڶĽ磬ͨĽƿ˿ռ䣬ǳ׵ľͽˡ
ոս밵Ľ磬֮覵ףѾҶǰ
ӭĵЦ
ҶٴεţҪ߶ˡҶ΢΢Ƿ
⻰ˣĽĶˣ߶֮˵֮
֮ôһ˵Ҷ̤ʵ٣Ҫ˵֮ȵǲǣովһս
Ҷһ㶣ոգȻҶ뵽ĽûʱģνĸոգһҲ㣬һҲǸոա
ôһʣӦָԼ뿪ʱ䣬Լ뿪ȷʵһս
Ҷͷǵģ
ѹ֣ϴθոս񱩵ʥһΣֵǿʥ꣬һ֮
ҶȻʵǰ˼˵Ľʥ꣬ǿ󣬻ʥꣿ
ҲҴδ뿪Ľ磬ֻҵĲ²ѡ֮ҡҡͷ
ҶĬĬһ£ǰ˵֮ǾĹأ˵õĳ֤
ǰæҶ˵꣬ͽԼĿĸ֮˵һ¡
ʱ侧ʯİ£̷ɴµĽǿǣûûҹŬ£Ҷｻǵļ
ʱ侧ԣǧǿߣʱ꣬ڴ˰ʮʥ
Щʥûע飬ûʥʵ׼ʥ硣
Ҷһʼͽ˰֮ϣ۶ʥ˽⣬˭ܱȵù
֮붼û룬ʹӦΪʥעʥ꣬˵ֻСһ
Ұ֮־ĸ߼ʥ꣬ҶҶϲѡ
ЩʥѸ۳˳ʥ꣬ϵˣÿ˶Էֵһʥˣһдʣࡣ
ʣĳʥ꣬ҶЩһЩսǿˣȥ䳬ʥ
ҶľϲǣͰֻ֮ܵǸʥ꣬Ѿ֮ȫˡ
ͬһʱҶﲻһڿˮһʱ뵽ɻǹ
ʥʥ꣬ȫ˰֮֮ŵ죬Ϳȫע顣
õ˰֮ĳŵҶͲΪЩˣҪĵԼɻǹ
СУɻǹȡЩǸضŲ̷ɵǲ˼λôãϢʱ䶼ûСҪ鷳ˣλܹҵɻǹǿ״̬
ҶȷʵЩ˼ʱľˣ겻ͣǽǿߣҲܲס϶һƣ֮ɫ
Ǻǣʲôģô౦¯ԺɺͲ̷һЦʦ˵ûбͳһ˷ܵˡ
οһ˰ʮʥ¼˵ߣǾǰ޹ˡ
˽ӹǹ󣬲̷֮ǰ˵°㽫ɻǹһΣǸʱֻ뽫һΣʥѡôʥˮƽҲһǰδеĸ߶ȣγ֣ɲôˣ
˵껰̷΢ԥһ£Ȼһҧϵر˾ֿڣ£ȥˣ
̷Ȼжһ飬ȭͷСú̿һĶǸһ֣ҶС綼ʼͣĲ
ڽֱôõģһɴһ鶼ɳˡ
ٺ٣Ҳ̼ңıһҪһ춯صıɡ˵̷ҧгݣǸ˾ʮֹŹ֣һʹֵĸо
ϣ⡭ҶһȻ֪ڽʲôǿŲ̷Ƿı飬ⶫ̷忴ıҪ
̷ѾҶøˣԼ洫ʥ꣬˳ڽȴû¶һڷ磬ɼڽôء
ܳǷ¹˭һռôɴʱ۾Ҳˣϵֱ
䣡
ǰһһ˶ߵİɫ壬һ֣Ҷﾪķ֣Լڵ򣬾Ȼʼ³Ȼܲסǿֲ
Ҷһæת֮ס򣬶ǰɫĽһʱ˵
̷ֵһˣЩŵĿǰ
̼мҵף崫꣬Ҳ⵰ɼΪԺĵ
໥ŶԷı໥һۣȻЦ˫Ŀ֮Уȫ˷ȡ
λǰĺҶЩܲ𰡡ҶЩⲻȥĵϾȻ֪ⶫж󣬲˵ı飬ͿԿôǾ
Ҷ˵ɻǹǹ꣬Ѿ׵һּ£Ҹ׶һֿܡ̷
ǽ׵ʥһֿܣΪֿܣ˵óЩϣҪͷӵԸⰡҲǵͷ˫Ŀ֮ȫǿ֮ɫ
˵ҶͲÿˣ㲻֪ʦԸǾһѾǰҪɱǣҲҪġ̷
Ҷ￴ߣг˾⣬ʲôһֶԼյִš
ٺ٣ֻҪɻǹϣǵ֣Ǿ͸мˡЦ
λǰҶмҶضԶһֵͬ𾴵ˡ
˼ҶӦֱӽҶˣʼƻɻǹǰδе
Ҷҡҡͷֻȥʣʦǣټһ
һ£ȻʮʥĵĲϣҶ֮ǰƴչĲĵĲ̫࣬Ȼʣ֮һҵĲϡ
ңιĿȫˣʣ˺ܶࡣ
ŶѻɽĲϣҶдϲЩʦǣЩɣһſֱɵԲ
Ϊֻǹշǳ򵥵Բĵʱ䲻ܿԲѾɡ
ҶｫϷɺҹ꺮ܿɽˣҹ꺮ΪѾֲĽ˽ڣˣҲ˽ڡ
û취ǵ̫ˣڣǿԽ赱ԣŹˡ
ϴ󣬽ɶ£Ϸɸ꣬ȻԱߵԲ۾һϲϴҪ쵯𣿡
ҶͷûҪǱǷ쵯еֲһ꺮㽫ϷɣϷѾ˱ǵķˣʱͬʱԲϿ̻ıȫһ̻ǣҿ̻죬ǵҪͬʱͬҪˣ
Ϸɫһ䣺ϴ㲻ɣϺĺֲ̫ˣ¿Ʋã
ôôûأɶԼؾˡҶ
ʧˣҪըϷɿ
ҪΪɶÿɽأİɣըģϽģʼˣ
Ϸһ¾ˣǸߴɵľ޴ԲſֲĹҪϱǺͷģըˣϣв
ֲĺӿϷڣܿɽڵһģϷϸֳһıڼףϷһҧҶĶǸ޴Բȥ


751 Էâ
ҶӰĽ뿪ոճ˰Ľ磬Ҷľյǵı棺ħѾʼɱ߼ˡ
ЩߣҶﰲģϢҶǸһĨЦݣǻ
һʱ䣬Ҷ͹ûʲôһ̽ҲһĽ
ڳסʼˣô˵⡣
Ҷû˵ʹǣֱɱ߶ȥҶһ·ۣɽ߾
һƬҶ³صļ磬Ҷﲻٵļ䡣
ǸʱҶɽ磬ΪСĵȴѾ̤ɽ۷壬š
ڵɱ߳ǣѾΪ˷棬һƬҰܣҶﲻǧˣʱǸ龰Ŀ
ǰһжԹʱһжôû壬˻ŵʱ򣬾Ϊʲôȥأ
ֻ΢ɨһ·һԽ˱߽磬ֱħ֮ضȥ
ȻҶǰʮħǿߣҶĳ֣΢һ£Ȼһŭ𣬶Ҷ߳
Ҷ۾΢һǸһĨЦǣһ֡
ǳ׷׳ϣǣȫ˽սȸӿֲѾҪӭˡ
Ҷ£ЩҲ˽һ֮£
䡭
ǰںȻֻˣʮħǿߣû˿η壬ɱ
Щħ壬ȫһ壬ĸߴͷһֻǣȫǹǴ̣Ϊа
ǰǼӲĹǴ̣ͬ裬Ϊÿеɶʥ
Ǿ̷ơͰ֮飬еʥѾ˿ǳӡٲˡ
ۡ
Ѫɣʮɸߵħǿߣ׺ޱȣƻǣǾһȺȽϴһֻа׵ķݶ
ǰǵĿɱúǣ˫ĿŹ⣬Ƕ֪ЩֲˣҶһγġ
ǵÿһˣǿеǿߣг˳羴һֱΪż
ȻлᣬǲսǵӢˣȫĶѪڣ׷״ȷɱ
ϣ߲ɱϣɲɱٵģնɱħǿǣɱûκλ֮
һңԶĿռڣؿǰʯʯϸֳĻ棬ħǿǼսս
Ѫɵĳ棬ޱ飬ֱʮĽǿţһʱͱɱ⣬Žת˳˼֮С
ūףΪҪЩȥڹһİСһݲһʵ
һ̽ҶĻҪƻѾԹһδˣòСĽһЩŻеǸӰĵ
ɵõʲôǸʵ
ҲˣԷֻôˣɵؽʮǿ߻ɱȻû¶ʵеǳŹ֣ƥ󣬲֪ʲôŹ֡ҡҡͷ
ΣҲ벻λеȫʥֻҶﰵǣҪ¶ʥŻøɻ
ǽô죿ħڤȫ϶Ѿˣλ࣬ڵĽȫһӽǳ顱ǸߣȻʣȻùЩСˡ
Ŀһ䣬ǸߵȻǵ֮һɹɾͰ벽࣬Ȱ㲻Ҫãûʸָң
Ǹɫһ䣬˫Ŀ֮һ˿ŭɫ뵽չǰĽǰŭ¡
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ŽĿջʵħһǱô˵Ϊγٳٲ
ū߹ˣǻشǣǵħ֮УӦúܿͺˣԲᵢ˵Ĵ¡߻Ӧ
ǸһĨЦħһ壬ԽԽˣӦϴΣˣݺҶԹˡߣҲգԮ¾ȼţսҲûµıҪˣ
ڸΣʵδ࣬ûдķϻ
ҶһֶηǳˣһҪһβԣﲻȥˣɽһսιϵҺһҪһҪҰźã
˵꣬˵һЩ꣬ǸһĨЦݣͷȥ
ŻУǸݵӰ˫Ŀ֮иֵȫ֮ɫ
ҶΨһ͸ˣһھϲۣ˭Ҳ֪ж
ϴɽϣ˴֣Ѿˡ
ҶȻǿ󣬿ϧžԵĵƣӮҵģҪʲôӦԣ

սܿɨϣħǿ߱նɱǵħȫ£ǸСʳ
һһսʮˣҶﶪСУڣֻҪǵٴ˶⡣
뵱Ǳ͵ϮͷܹȻͿɼжôֲ
ղˣֱӱħǿ߻궼ɢˣʵΪˡ
սǹҼңôܻûҶǳ֣ҶԼԭ
ܶණֻʧȥ˲ŶϧֻоʹŻ֪Ŀɹ󣬲ŻغϧԼģҲ˵ġ
ҶЩΣΪʲôЩأ
ҶȥϳҶߣЩʵ
ûκΣ̽Ǿˣ˾ҪˡҶЦ
үү֪Ǹһǳóıļһϴγ˴֮û֮ǰǲóȻģҪһɱҪ̽
ʮǿߣֻΪֱ̫̽˰ɡЩ𾪵
˵һ⣬еĽȣʮǿߣǾţһëҶﵭЦ
ȴõһʮǿߣǾţһëʹǴսǿߣɫˡ
ҶĻûһ˿ɣԴҶҶʹû
ǰ渲һ壬ǺɽĴսһеһжҶƿ֮Уº̸£һ峤ҶǻۣͶء
ǴҶϣϣ⿴ʤϣҲҶｫҵɽ磬ξðĺƽǲϣõġ
ѯ˼䣬ֻصҶСУΪһĹѾȥ죬ÿһеʱ䶼ǳҶԺ
Ҷһ·ǰУֱ죬ǰһɽסǵȥ·Ҷͣ˽Ų
סҶŲĲɽˣ԰ϵˣǰ硣
Ҷһ̾Ը⿴ĳ棬Ƿˡ


752 ɱȻ
ҶǰģɽġӢǿߡʱ˫ĿЩ־ĿҶˡ
벻뿪һʱ䣬ɽľȻĽǿߣʱЩ˵Ŀ⣬г˸ӡ
ΪǿˣЩ֮Укܶ඼ϤףĵȰǲҪ뿪ǵʱĳͲм
ٴǵУֻܿмһЩһˣҲֻһ˿ѡ
ıվĽǿߣ֮иߴħ壬лɢڤ壬ҲŸ˲ǿߡ
һǿߣԽڶؿǰҶǸһĨ̵΢Ц
һȺ޴̰αթ̰壬ӦûϡǸǿһЦĵ
ȺͶǣϸֳ޾֮ɫͬʱ˫Ŀ֮Уȫûں;
ҶûǸǿߵĻȺȺҶҲ˵ʲôζ
ЩѱͽҶ޲ֽɱģһϾǸԼһˣħޣôµȥ֡
ɣǵļҡҶ̾˿˵һ仰
Ҷ仰԰ڵǿǣӯҶﾹȻԭǡ
ҶˣǴˣչ䣬³壬Ȼ׷ˣѱ˵Ķ¡һǿ߸֮һģֱԼͷ­Ȼֱˡ
ǸޣҶͷһһĪļ䣬аˣжһ档
ôԼùǣǲʲôǷӦøǸĻ᣿ԼĲã
Ǹ֮󣬶ʱˣ׷׸߽һӵء
ߣ̫ϧˣɡǸͷǿߣһߡ
֮ٶǿ߻⣬һɿֲĲǰǿû
ҶȻ󾪣һ
ס֣
ϧѾˣǰڵǿǣȻ׷ױ飬ͬʱһɹ׷ƮЩǿߡ
ˣһ˲ǰ飬Ѫ죬Ⱦ죬ʹҶĶҲЩɵˣͬʱ˫Ŀ֮ȫǱɱ⣬ҧгݵĵ
ħĴ󷨣
ҶʹùʶҶ˳ԭҶΪԷ룬ЩǿߣԼɱѪȥĥ˵־
ҶеĻҪ񶾣Ȼڵǿǣȫϵħ֣ΪЩǿߵϡ
䡭
ڵǿʧͬʱǵһΪѪȫǿա
ԭֻнڵǿǣϵϢڽ̶̼ʱ䣬ڣǺڣȵرɫ
ҶҲɫˣ۾һƬɱ⣬ͬŭһΪɱ⣬ʼɭֲ
ɱһ
Ҷ֮бĳôһٻǣѾ۾ʱõҶȫ˱űԼϰٱĵ˳ȥ
гɱ⣬Щȥ壬ȻͽҲͬǵͬ
ĿЩͬãȻ̵ķʽ޷ܡ
ŭ˳ɱ⣬Ǵʱʲô룬Ψһľɱɱɱɱǰһеˡ
䣡
ҶеľһնһȥضгƬһֱϵĵˣֱ顣
ٶĶ飬ҶһƬʮǿߣһնɱ
ʱҲˣƱѾвѾ˽ڣգصؿڵ֮С
ЩԭΪǣǿǣһ˹ǺȻ֣ʵԿֲҲûл֮
ۡ
Ѫɣ壬ֳǿֵһ⣬ħ壬ڤǿߣ϶Ǳɱ
ѪȵζգǱϢһ壬ɱŨˣ汻ȼһ㣬ӿǧˣ˻磬ͬɱ¾һ㣬޼ɵոŵ˵
Ҷնɱһ󣬺ȻӦ̧ͷգ˫Ŀһâ
ͬʱս֪жңԶĵطۿŻĹȻɫ΢΢һ䡣
㻹Ƿ𣿡ȻһŻеҶš
˷·޾տ˶ԷҶһѹ֮ǰŭͳ˧ΪӰսƻ
գһȭͷȭ£ָͦ罣ݺݵرȻһǡ
ǸƣɫΪѿȻǸʲô˼ǿҶǸ飬Ҳ֪Բʲôõʺ
ǰɱǰǿߣɱ¾֪ⳡ̽Ӵһȥء
ǵһε̽ʧ̫⣬εľ㹻ˡ
̽ĽǣȺ֮ǰսУʵóʵ
֮ǰΨһͬǣˣǿȫûǱûһǸһսΨһͬĽ
飡
ҶǸƣʧҲѹסŭһǸеҶϣʯ黭ʧ
żߵţ֪̽ʧˣû̽õϢ
ôûˣǿʹǹҲ۲ѣǽأȫҶ֮С
һֲõԤУ·𵱳ɽϵ飬Ҫһ㣬ѾҶֶˣ̽ʧܣгһĪĿ־塣
ˣʵļǵԲֵܹġߵ
ž
һݺݵسǸߵϣ⧲֮£Ǹߣֱӱɡ
ϰӸӱ죬֪ƨҶʢŭ֮£ûб¶ƣ˵ŷǳǿֶΣܹ¶
ܻ£ܹ˼ɵĶǾǿµֶΣǾǿŤתǬĿµơ
۾Ϲû󡢾βաŷɭЩϼһһû
ĵ˲µĵˣΪǻϢĳ֣һڰҧĲͱұӬһҽУҲġЪ˹صŭ
Ǹ߱һɣȻŭôһ֮˹
ҲɵӣһĹؼǱԼߵʵͷԣһʱһ仰Ҳ˵һưòƲԹ
ؿڼ˼£һղŵ΢һ㡣
ǿߣȫ΢һ£һҧ
⡭Ǹ˫Ŀ֮ȫǺȻ֮ɫˣɫ䡣
俴ǸߣɭȻ
ϵĺˣҪ˵Щʲôû˵תȥ
Ҷǻһ㣬ǾͿ˭ݡ˫Ŀ֮УȫǺ֮ɫ


753 
һսҶҼǰУͨǿߵļ䣬Ҷҵصλá
Ҷǣأͽھӡ֮ϣػӡ
ˣȫԸ뽫ϲϧδԸ
һһľǿţϮ֮Уȫˣ˽ӵ˥
һһ䣬ļԽԽ٣Ȼ䵽˷ʥ½
ʥ½Ȼֲõش٣޷ƣԽԽ
ԽԽ٣ֻƾӡеıܣһ֮ʣȥѰһˡ
Ȼʹ䵽˵ϣҶʥ½Ȼ˳˯
ҶʵϵþͣĻָʵѾָ۷״̬Ƕμ䣬ȴôģֻһֱܣǸΪһ塣
ȻļģҶ²⣬ħսпܾΪ
ֻΪʱ̫ԶˣûܹԵɣսȻȻ
һ㣬ȻǴ˵ȷΪŵģǾǾص·ѹаϢ
˵ľֻɣǺѣѳɣ߼俪ʼ
ߺĿ׷ֿ廮ԼĽޣʼػŷӡ
ʱƣֳַħ壬ֳһ塪ڤ塣
Ϊ˵ʮǰȻѣһξ˳һ˵ȥаϢѹ
˲²⣬ĵΪܵ˷ӡӰ죬пǸӡ⣬аϢͣͷţŻаĵ
Ϊϴ˵أһʼ壬ȻֿҲֻǶϣ˷磬Żֿ
ͨԭģҵģ߲š
Ǻһˣʼ𽥽ħ壬ǱŰӣȻʼ
˫ʼһСģս˫ϣͿʼڤ塣
˭Ҳ֪ôģǴһع壬ھˣʼ
ǵһħսˣʱǳŽᣬھһǿߵĴ£ʹħڤǿߣҲǻˡ
ھĵһˣҪİںʱʱǿ߼ԱȻһ˻ɱˡ
ƿ˿ռ䲻֪ȥ򣬵ʱǿǣûĹǺŷԱĵˣֻȥ
嵱ʱħԱŵˣʱǲôô
ħһѾԪˣѾûĹǣʱȥ׼һƾٳһµ쵼ߣħһ帲
ϧǶˣķǳףЩӽ˷ӡǿǣȥ֮󣬿ʼ÷ǳ˽Ϊɽһ˵λӣ֡
ħսûԪˣȴΪһڶȻһ겻
ںʱֹͣˣֻһʱģǴħսԺɽ綼ˣǿʼúսǰŽˡ
ΪЦʱڶʲôսıģħǰ
ʱ壬ֵ£ڷ֮ĶԹһԿħ
Ϊʱ壬õϢֳֵɽ磬ʱľˣûȳɳˡ
һսĻܾˣӵʱսսҪʤħġ
ˣֳ˼Σ˾óǣΣˣȻڵУ
ΪһɱˣôлõԼΪǾ˼˺ֱħɱƿ˿ռȥ
֮УҲûˣҲ˴˵Ǹ˵ǣ˭ܵõͿԳΪ
ħսͲΪˣΪħһҪ帲
壬ʼħڤѹŴÿδս嶼
ֱӭħ֣Ĵ£΢ܹۼ
ʱлѹɽ磬ɽõһνϳʱİȴԽԽɢԽԽа
ʱϺһһǿţһΪΪаԽԽǿ󣬾ķӡҪѹסˣɽҲȾˡ
ȥħ֣Ҫ군ˣǼ壬崽ҲҪ군
ǶδѾʲôϣ֮ʣҶճһ𣬹ҫ졣
ϣǿҶǿżᶨִŵģصĸҶ
ҪľǣһҶӡ׷
ɱٶˣҲα겻αһжͽͣ˾óǣ˵һħսҶǵڶŴžսˡ
ҶˣԼõ꣬һ·ǰУȻǰضȾˣ֮Ϣ˲

ȻҶСУҶ˳ҰСеˣգͿԿҶߵľѵ
ڤеһ紵ɢżΪֲĸʴ֮һǿţ֮УҲֲסһʱ䣬Ҫʴһ߰׹ǡԹɫصĵ
ޱ޼ʵҪƵǲˣҶ΢΢һЦǹ赲ǵĲǵץˣ
Ҷһ죬ȫСУԼһˣһ֮С
ͣ
ֲĸʴ֮ᵹˮһ㣬ҶԪ֧ŵķ֣Ȼڲͣȼա
Ȼһʱûʲô󰭣ʱ䳤ˣԪģǷǳֲģһ˵һѾǼˡ

ҶȻ߲ʻ棬΢΢һǺɫĻȻһ˲䱻˸
û˷ѻֻ֮ǸѣԼЧǰȥ
Ȼķã赲ĽŲ붼룬һΪʱ䡣
Ǿ˵ĹڽʲôûãŲѲôҶ΢΢Щĸоӿٶˡ
ϻתǰУ˽·̣ҶȻЩԾˣΧȻʼճһɼΪϤϢҶѹ
磬СģǶѶϢСУѾɴ˵е
ʱ侧֮Уȹ꣬Ѿͤͤ³أһ˫̥һ㡣
Сʱ֮ܵӰ죬Ϣ̫ˣһӽ˳
ѶλǿţҲһΪĶʵ̫ˣ֮ɫ䣬ǽǿߣҲѵֵʴֻжԶԶ
ߣСѣ
ҶЦһһΪûеʱ򣬾ܰ㶨ʲô
߲ķ󺣣
Ҷһȣ˫ֲ£ǰֳһֻ߲аƴСһ֣Ǭ·綼Ҫһա
䣡
Ҷһ֣е߲˲ŴأȻռ䶼ȼճһƬޡ
ؼ߲ʻɢȥԲĴѾʧԭֲĶѶҲ˳ޡ


754 ħ
žžž
һͬʱһԴҶӭ㵽ͣ
ҶﳯǸķȥʹҶ򶨣Ҳɫ䡣
ҶǰĿڹȺһֱӵʡ
ħڤǿ⣬ʽħޣлɢŻϢħгųħһͬɽһ磬Ȼڰ֮ڡ
ǵڶ࣬ҶɫΪǿǣȻȫĶǽ硣
ҶڣҲҴŲˣҿ㵽жʵɣǧҪʧҶﵭĵ
Ҷһѹе𾪣һӣСеǿǣȫͷ˳
ʮǿߣվҶȫ֣ɢſֲѹ
˵ĶԣĹѾǻϸҶϾˣҪԾԵҶܡ
ѾҪʵˣɴཫȫٻ˳һ֮ս
Ⱥ쵰ǵô֮ࣿԻƢƵϣҲһ䡣
ۼǴҲţϣǿߣǿġ
ԭΪʮѹȻԴݿһ㣬𣬿棬ǰδе
żò˫Ĳʵ̫ˡ
鲻Խ̧ͷҶǿҶֻһʼ΢һ£ϻָƽ
Ҷ򾲣˶˶һ㣬ҶУֻܵҪڣûսʤ˵ĵˡ
ǰĴҶ̾˿Ҷһ֮У˼٣ۺ֮£ܹ֮ң
ˣû취Ҹе̫вǿߵݣҲܽܵڶʧܡЦ
ߵˣһ£һ뵽ħĴ󷨣뵽Щˡ
ѹĽǿǣ֮ͬɳһ㣬ô࣬Ȼȫǿߣһֻ˵Ƕ޷
ͬʱһˣͶ֮ˣΪǸеһ󱯰
˿ڶ࣬Ͷ֮ˣֹڣ֮ǰħĴɵİ˿ڣһСֶѡ
Լ˶ԸЩͶǣǵ˿֪
ȻǶ޴ģǾȡԹˣһȦףһ뵽Լͬĺˣսʿǣгŭ˫Ŀ֮ȼյȫɱ⡣
ʱѾѾʼȼգǲŻȥֻϣԼ֮ǰܹɱˣΪЩԩ걨
һֵǷǳҵԤϡҶ˵ͷ˵ʵȷʵ޷һ˵ж񣬲Żô
ûϵĻأҵĳ裬ҶҪĻ㡱ЦЦ֮гš
ΰ󣬲˾ãѶ̫죬Ⱳӿ¶޷쵽ˡҶҡҡͷ
ҶϴڰĽ绵Ҵ£Ҫժͷ­ߵڤһĿҶ
ϴҶﻵĴ£޷ףǳŭһֱγڹͷ
Ҷۺ죬˵Ǿ仰Ѿһ񽣳ʣҶն䡣
˶û뵽ڤͻȻۼһҶն䣬Ҷȴ΢΢һЦûһۡ

һ죬һѹŲʰ쵵ĳסڤĳһ
ͬʱһɿֲĺ·綼ˣһȺӺҵģ
䣡
ֲϢڤʱоһرɣֱӷɳ˵ߡ
ղһҹ꺮ˣҶ˵ڤһǳֲĶ֣ĻһҶﶼӲµڤն
ڤֵ˲䣬ƿ˿ռ䣬ֱӽڤԶԶս㹻ʩչˡ
ȵڤӦʱѾս֮ˣ׼ƿʱ򣬾Ѿ㹻ˣҹ꺮һն
飡
ڤһһĽҫ˶һξ룬໥ӡ
ʲôˣֻҶʸҳ֣ҹڤŭڵĵ
ϴˣһ嶼ûУҵСҹ꺮
ڤŭһҹ꺮
ҹ꺮𳤽ȻһĽֱڤնɱ
һն£ɹźֲѹն
ڤд󺧣ûǰӣȻһλ۷弶ǿߣҽǿһն˲䣬Ȼеʹ
һ⸽һֲֿ⾳Ȼֱָ˵꣬ڤô꣬ǵһ
ڤһնɱ죡
ڤûиղŵưܵҹ꺮һ̺Ŀֲҵֱʹ˾С
䣡
һҵײҫ۵Ĺâֲɢϵƶ䶼ˡ
Ȼǿһģ
ҹ꺮˫Ŀ֮иһĨâгȫۣͬʱֲѹŰ
ԭѪЩӿڤҹ꺮Ǿ仰󣬶ʱòѪ
ڤӣݺε󣬾Ȼ˵һ̡
ҹ꺮֮ķŭһʧˣתȫǾ֮ɫ
֮㾹ȻԶ֮ڤɫ䣬֮ǿǲߵר
ȻڵѾ˽۷壬ϧҶһͼڣǲģҲֻǿôһ˿ı϶ѡ
ǰҹ꺮һ۾ͿԿҹ꺮ĹԲᳬǧ꣬ǾˣѾԽ֮ˡ
ҹ꺮ڤǸһĨЦⲢǽ֮ýȥѹΧ֮ڽ֮£Լ
Ҷ߹ҹ꺮һּ£Ҫѣǰҹ꺮ĽѾѹˣĽµġ
ڤն䣡
ڤڻˣûеҹ꺮ֱ֣һնҹ꺮Ƴɹ֮ǰƻơ
նҹ
ҹ꺮һгһһָؼ·һжʧˣĺҹֻһѳп˹Ļն˿ռ䡣
䣡
ֱӽձ飬Ҳֲɡ
ǿ
ҹ꺮ԶһڤвޣȻǵжԣòϣڤ̫ǿˡ
ҹ꺮𾪣ڤֱҪˣðһֲСӣôôֲڤնѾвˣȻ˲
Ҫ˵Ȼҹ꺮Ѿ嵽ǰһŽɽȦ
ڤʾһ㶺󲻽ŭԼߣܵ˼衣
ȥ
һڤӰͣضײʱررɫ
ǱߴˣҶ俴Źʱ㻹Ҫ̽ĵʵ̫Сˣ
ɫ΢΢Щѿڤ֣ȷʵ̽Ҷ˼֪Ҷǿʲô̶ȡ
ȻһĸߴӰ֣Ҷǰһ֣ȫǿߣͷһ


755 ħ
һĸߴӰ֣Ҷǰһ֣ȫǿߣͷһ
ϵϢΪֲһ֣غΧӿ󺣡
Сӣû뵽û꣬ˣãܺáǸؿҶһۣĿ罣·Ҫһ۽Ҷ￴һ㡣
ҶСģɫһ䣬æѵͬʱ׷׼˱
һ漶ǿǣ׷׽ս״̬Ȼôӷǳļɵ
Ƕμӹϴʲôսܹȷˡ
Ϊ֮⣬ûӵƣǹɿֲĲѾҪܳܵļޣֻд˵ееơ
ϲǣǰȻûտһͣڲԲͰ벽֮䣬Ļǻлġ
˺ˣһ£˵ежǿɡҶһӣȫˡ
һ۷֮սҶֵôսѾûˡ
ͬģֵסҶôѾעˣ˵ʤǰܣͿҶ֮䣬˭ǿһЩ
Ҷˣˣȫ׷׺ˡ
ĮϣһĨЦкȻһʮֹı
һѳһ˳̣ͷϣһķУͷǳŹ֡
׷̣
еŸһǳ֣ǿߵѪҺ
Ϊ֮ڵһױһ֣ŤѪϢ˹﷢һͷѪĶħһ㡣
ҶϸֳһĨ֮ɫˣǱ̫߱аˣһޣѾһ㡣
һ죬ҶУһѶϽûκεĲͺһѷһ㡣
ǵѶϽһ֣ħڤǿǣúѣ˫Ŀ֮ȫѪĳޡ
ഫþ϶ΪһǷӡ׷֮ʱǸʱһа壬òʧؼ䡣
Ƕħڤ˵ĩûʲôԵʱ򣬲Ż¶˽ŵ顣
ߣ˭ҲӲһе׷̣޾а֮Ҷ䡣
׷̵ĻӶؿʼǿֲѹͬ󺣱ĺХӿȥ
˵̫ˣ
ҶһȻȫӿŤһɿֲѹֱʣ
ҶеľȻͬһ㣬һ渡ֳͼһɺ嫵Ϣ俪
Ҷеľصն׷̣ؼ䶸Ȼһ·ʧȥһ
ּžֻάգ۵֮һʱ䣬ֲ쳹գر飬˹
䣡
Ҫ˶ĺ𣬼ʹ˳Զɸо䴫ľʹ
ͬʱһɿֲ紵Ȼһؿһ𣬲㱻Ѫ
ÿֲ
ɽײֲ̫ˣ
ˣˣһֻһе
ǿǿֲľг𺧣󻺻ɢȥĿռ仺£֮ʱ߷컶
ΪҶվ֮ϣͬ޵еľս񣬺Ʈ׷裬λû˿ƶ
Ȼˣϵ֮ɫһӽսʿǵѪȼˡ
ҶɵֿǿʤϣͬʱҶԽĳ羴
Ҷͷ»Ķ֣һԵֵˡ
һħпֲֲҶﵲסĴ
Ȼ쵰бøӿֲˣ
ŸһĨʣòϣϣԶ޷Ҷƥˣһ˾ľ롣
ħɴ󣡡
ŹһȣȻ˹ɼΪֲϢڶ𣬰˵ӰһӽҶΧ
ǿߣ
˾ǣǰ˸϶Ź⻷֮Ǿ£
ߣһӳ˰˸ټǾǾŸǿߣǾȻҪȺսɱҶ
ħɴ󡪡
ȻڵľŸˣȫһüģһâ֣ԾŸ˵Ϊĵ㣬˲̻һâͼҶͼġ
ҶԾŸǿߣҿֶܼãȸ𣬻ȸҺ֪ȻЦ
ãϿ֧ԮҶ
ɫ䣬ǹһڣҪ
ˣ
Ȼռһ󲨶Ҷˣһʧǰ˶һ
ҶҲһǸ󷨷ǳ֣ȻֵûУͱ֮С
޾գǳ貣Ҷ΢΢һЦǳлǣô뿴ǣ
ͷЦóһȫߣһʬһ㣬ûаĵ
ôڱ¶ǵܡҶҡͷ
˵һЩķ軰һ֣㽫նɱҹζࡱһͷ˫ǣüĶһļһߵ
΢΢ͷĬǸһĻ׷һӣǼǿ߷׷״һҶ﹥
Щ˵Ķϵľâͼ˲ֲȻһ
Ҷһû뵽Ȼ˿ֲ󷨣ȻԽλߵĿֲ໥νӡ
ȻںϣĺϻõҶﲻҵһоݺն¡
飡
ҶһնǵĹ֮ϣҶʱһѪ˵ɳȥ
̫ǿˣҶоԼ࣬ѿæתˡ
СӣټӲȰϽǿԿǸʹ족һëħǿߣ
ŸϲģΧһǿѽҶ˲ǵѪϸһĨм
Ǹ׳գΪҰ룬ͻȺףҳһţǺЦ
ʱҶЦó΢΢Щ𾪣Ȼ˴֣Ҷȥ

Ȼ˼æ̧ͷֻ֮ϣȺ֮䣬ɢſֲѹȻ̫ԶżӦ
ȻսתƵ֮ϣ
һǸȻԿĵʵϣǷǳԶſռʱ䷨ľ롣
벻ΪҶһˣȻһ³ħȫ۷ս
ǾԶҲҪȥˣҶһˣôֵܵλߵĹǽڰ
о֣ͬ׷̣߼ҶеľȻǾһʥֻаضѣʵʮ֮һʵѷӳ
ҪԾŸǿɵĴ󣬾ǶҶһİٱʱҲĵ
ǻǵĵԼɣ


756 ʩֶ
ڴϵ˸Ҫ֧ԮҶ֮ʣŹĻһ䣬Ȼǰ˹ǿϢ֡
ǰ˵Ӱ֣ߵһľ֮ɫôܣ
ǰ˸Ӱıȫֲ⻷Ȼǰ˸ླǿߡ
ǵıҺ⣬ϵֵˡ΢΢һЦŴϵˡ
񲻹硢ħ绹ڤ磬ֻʣһЩµġ֡ԱʣȫĶ׼ˡ
ѽһʬǣѳ˽ôǿߣǿߣڻжһ
ɹӲǽһЩսǿ壬׼Ľǿߣֶѳô಻ǿߡ
ινƸˣûиһأݺֱʣȷʵ̫ˡ
˸ǿߣϵˣȻ𾪣ʱѾ˲ҶˣֻӦǰ
䣡
죬زϺϱֳһ⻷ùһ
ǿߣ
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ݵ𾪹󣬹ͻָΣ԰˸ǿߣֻܱɱ
Ϻϱ˲⻷ǰ˸ླǿеˣһ˳
Ϻϣһһۣ˫Ŀ֮һ˿ЦĽȫעǹ֮С
ǹȻͬһ㣬ҫ۵ĹâͬʱǹӰӣһ˲䵽ǰ
䣡
죬ùɫ䣬Ȼ֣˵Ȼʥղǹʥ
ħĲǿߣ⧲֮£˸ֲǿֵ֮
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£ʥʱֻܴ߷һΣһϣϼһɵһ
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ǰ֮С࣬е裬ͬʱ֮ת£˿⡣
һͱ˵Ĳླǿߣæת֮޸ƣҲսС
Ϻһ˲䱻˸ླǿ߰Χ˲Σ֡
ʱȻռ΢΢һ󲨶һֻصȭͷϢĳ֣صһΧĲླǿϡ
ۣ
ر飬Ѫ죬һླǿߣǸȭͷ£촷ۡ
ԭΧĲླǿǣһӴסˣǴסˣ˶סˡ
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Ҷ﷨ļ룬Ϻϵľ̵õ⣬Ҷ﷨һ֣͵Ϯɹɱһλླǿߣˣͷ
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ϴͲڷ֮ϣ񱻾ԵʵͷԣȻˡ
Ҷ﷨ϵˣλǿߣսߣһ˵طսȥˣܷſֽţֲѹͣôء
쵰
Ȼһȣͬ׾죬Թ԰Ĺʵͬʱһھ޴ͭӣŹ¡
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һȫͳ˧ֱӳ֣Ѿ˼ҶŪ߾ûκˡ
ıϣҶԲŲϧѪĴۣҶΪҶϲ̫ˣðա
ɣ
ڹߣһͷϳǵħӣ˫ĿһһһѪɫն䡣
ɲǣһƥƽһͬʱһֲն䣬쵶ء
ǸħӴһ˲õֵܣѪɫطնǿֲһ
һɲǣǸħƺһ˱ɣסεʱǰһӣгһѣ˲Сĳ
Ǹѩ壬ʱֱֳͬ쵶ʣ·أݲһ㣬Ҫǹɿֲĵп
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ħ֮ӱߣҪ׼ָʹǿֵ߰Ȼǳǳ
⡱Ȼɫ䣬Ȼر͵֮⡣
ոմͳȻһѷ컭ꪣźХľ磬ӭն䡣
ȹӦʱǿֲķ컭ꪣѾǰ
д󺧣֪Լ˰㣬Ȼ˶ƺõģæ֮Уȡһƣǰ
䣡
ķ컭ꪣصϣðһǣȫһȻصص˻һ
еĶҲһʥɹʱΪǿ󣬵һ֮󣬹Ҳ룬ֱӣҪӳ˵Ĳá
ظǣ
Ȼһȴܿɽһĵ棬ԲĴأһһ㣬С
סһ˲£γ˾޴һ壬ķɢŸһĹ
䣡
ʹܿɽӳûסʱжһɢſֲĲ
ǹոշ˼ƿܿɽĽǻû״أһڴӺݺݵضŹ
ܣң
ŭ֪Լ˵ܵ壬жƷ⣬ݺݵײǳϡ
ԭһжһʼƺõģ֪ǲ뿪ģǱʵȴ߶ǳӵؼ˳
ѡˣܿɽͿʼˣһıôóˡ
ǳӺ͹Ķײƺһ˼ȻЩòϣսȷʵ
ΪãͬȾһսŲܸ
ͨղһͬΪڵ֮Ҫѷһġ
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һγɣɭһǿǣ׷Ի壬˷ԲȫԼƿصķΧڡ
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Ͼⲻǲţ֮սţʧģʧĽʹŶ
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ת
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ƻҵĶ飬ȻΪ񱩵ԭ󷨣һתǵⱻ
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Ϊǿһǿ߷ɢĹЩΪϬĻ𽣿ǣɢܡ
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ǿ涼ڣвԹšӱ꽣ʥһĽǿ
ͱʵȣҹؼ汸Ŵת󷨱иɻ
ٶ࣬һʱҲ޷ڣر󷨵Ͱȫԡ
ԶԶȥһƬѹѹĺ󣬷ĴŽʯһʱ佣ѪɣкɫģҲСɫġ
ÿʱÿ̶дƬħǿߵ£Ҳߵսʿ䣬ܵ󷨣Ҳиɻģο˫ʵ̫⡣
ս̫ңйɭǿߵػЩһ˲ͱֲħ˺ƬԮ
ʧħӲңʥݺᣬкܶǿߣûȽͱնɱ顣
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ʱҶ΢΢ЩϢûʱȥ˼ôΪ򵥡ҰֱķʽӲؽ󷨸ˡ
ʱҶǰľŴǿǣȫմѪǶԼѪ˵Լµġ
ҶƾǿͣײӲĽǵħɴˡ
˾Ÿ˵Ҳ޷ֵҶǿֲĹҶֱһͷӦô硣
ˣ
Ȼռһ¶ҶУħɴˣҲ󷨵ѹƣٻ˾
죡
ҶҲϻתӿ֮УȻâʢʣһɿֲѹ俪ǰն䡣
ڵľŸླǿߣͷһݣԭħɴžõģʧͷ󺧣æֵ
ۣ
һĻпգȻȫֵ˳ܲסǿֱֲӱ顣
Ҳò˶٣Ȼûб飬ѾѣֲƻǶʱ޷˿ڡ
ȫɣȻռһһӰһླǿߣһ䡣

ۣ
ϧĽк赲ҲĶһϣ񱩵ǲླǿߵ֮Ҳ޷ֱֵӱ顣
һƻ˺Ҷû˿ͣһ˲һ㣬ǿߡ
ླǿ߲󺧣Ǹոճ˿ֲһͬѵĻƿ˵Ҷ¾һǿߵһǶܲ
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˲䱩ǿգͬһӣ˲佫ǰɡ
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һɱ˺ҶĴϢţղ˾һΪ˳׻ɱٻ˾ı壬Ԫݽߡ
㻹һëΰҶ̾˿ϽٻָڵԪ
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ҶʱȻѾɱ˾Ŵߣһжֵˡ
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Ҷ﷨ʧڰ¶ֻƴػָٴҶ﷨
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е㣬Ⱳôһӵģһ±ߣ·̺ãҲ΢顱Ц
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磬ûˣٴȥԱûˡϽе
ҲˣǾǸǰ汳ģҶѹɡϵ
Ϻ϶һЦ׷״һϢǣҪ׼Ա
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ȻһΧϵһλߺȻһֹͣ˶ЩŵĿؿڡ
һѶϽϽ֮Ѫ죬Ǹ߼ѵתͷȥ뿴Ǹ˭
飡
Ͻ֮Ͽ񱩵ǸûԼ׳٣ͱ촷ۡ
촷۷ɢһӰ֣׷裬죬ϵĺۣմȾճѪҺһɱ
ʣµླǿߣһԭΪҶ﷨ҪܾòָܻŸչһʱͳˣ֮࣬ȫһҶȥ
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ϧһǳҪ飬ǾҶ﷨սʱ򣬶ǹģڵҶŵǶϽ
һϸûз֣עǵı磬˵ҶǰʱҶĶϽѾ
죡
䣡
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ҲҲ벻ӡеҶ﷨ȻǿҲԳܲסǵȫһǶ֤ݵģϾǻɱһҶ﷨ˡ
ϧǵҲûŪףҶ﷨ΪʲôͳͿˡ
ϺϲЩĿɿڴһɱλߣǷǰǾԲ
ǰҶԽԽǿԽԽǸеİ˫۾ǱŷḻС
үӣڿɲǷ㶵ʱ򰡣ǻкܶҪءҶЦһһӣֱԶܼսзȥ
սѾ˰ȻսѾһƬʬɽѪɫѪҺ˷ԲĴأһƬɫ˸е־塣
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ոշɵǰҶﲻһʹԭʮѾʮ򣬿ɼսôĲҡ
Ͼ̫ˣʹʥĸأ֣Ҷ޷ܡ
ʿǣʤǣ
ҶȻһȣͬؾף񷣬оͬйأʲôնȥ


762 ֮Ѫ
䣡
ֲĽâһϵħ˲䱻նޡ
Ҷ屬һҶս죬ǰ޲Ѫڡ
Ҷˣ
Ȼǿǣʥĸ޾ħԷܾ˵ķ񹥻̫ʱĴѾʼЩļˡ
ԭѾŻŻȥϣǼǸӰһ˲䱬޾ģǼǸӰһܹյʤ
ΪҶĵʱ磬ħҶʱ򣬶ʱ˾֮С
̧ͷ֮ϣһжѾڣвǿ߶Ѿʧˡ
¶үүģָ
ҶȳϺʱ¶ҲŹˣҶﶣ̵
СӣүүǲȥæģԼȥϺľˡϵ
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Ҷ¶һЦҶḧһ¶㷢һѪսҪԼ
¶һθܵҶᣬĿЩ죬һЦһ˼ôã˵ǲʲôͼ
Ҷ΢΢һЦû˵һ콫¶У·ǿߴһ
ηǬ󣡡
ҶһϺȣһһӴԲΣһӱΡ
Ȼâ죬ķĺ߲ʵĻ潻ӳγһ״ǿߺһڹϬǿǣֱ
ͬѷĵУΪֲĹβͽһ帺
һ֧ͷȫǰϣҶһվ󷨵ǰ
ʿǣǼ粢磬ģǵѪдս衣ΪǺٹ룬սݱǽ֮һаħɱ
ҶŭһеľѾһնǧĽâѪɣ˿ԵֵסҶһ
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Ȼһ̵֦ҶϣľӿҶڵļݽߵԪڿٵĻָţɵþһ
ͷһֻ֪ʲôʱѾҶȫҶĻָ
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ҶֿˣϺϣҼָ㾡ܷɱһɱǣָͽҰɣΪһˣҵҡ
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һҶʱȻ֣ҶոջָһԪ̾ͼˡ
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Ҷľǰʲôǿߣֻбɱˣݺᣬ񾪡
ʹǿħҲסĳɱһʱ䣬ԭĴѾʼϡ
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䣡
Ȼһ죬ԭֻʣڵħȻ󣬼Ա
ļԱֲأֲʧؼһƬɫѪ
սϣħ塢塢ڤ廹ǿߣȫʧˣֻһƬɢ޾֮Ѫ
رһƬžߣߵħڤǿߣһۡ
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һжˣȻ̫أսʤˡ
ҸϿȥȹˡǸߣȻӦսûн
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ڤӡħӷֱλǿסڽսΪҵľҪˡ
ǿߣǵܡܿɽǷǳǿʱѾʹ˻Ǳҡҡ׹
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ԱԱʱԹ֮ѪһΪ
һڵħԱ֮ѪɱһͬΪǿߡ
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ҹഫ֮Ƿǳֲģķɲĳˣ塣
ݴһʹ֮ѪԼ˥ˣпܻ᳹
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ôԱ
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ǿֲ֮ѪɭһǿմȾϣҲ˸ûаᡣ
ȻҶħԱһ̣ͽȫСУǻһôˡ
ȥɣ
Ҷһŭоն䣬ֲĽâǰˡ
飡
˾ĿУһնѪŽƮɢڸء

Ҷһӣ˴Сٻ
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ղ̫ΣˣҶҪȫˣ֮Ѫֲ̫ˣճϾ
ϵǣʱӦΪص壬ȴû̫ΪϵƤ׾һ
մȾ֮ѪǱС̽Ƥȥȥһ
Ϊ;βһǳҶｫʯƤףȫǣΪսϣֱܹĻᡣ
û뵽ٶһǿߣ壬ΪػգоԱʱǱ֮Ѫ׸ˡ
ҲΪǵ赲±ߵ˲˵ӹһ٣ħҪȫԱʱҶｫС磬˸Ӳء
ҶԼ߲壬һаȵĿǣ֮Ѫκβ
ˣǸϽ֧Ԯ˰ɣС֧Ųסˣ
Ҷ˵꣬ˣս


763 ʤ
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ڳ޲壬־棬Ҳ˿ǵ¸߹ͷ­
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ϷɴһֱսĶȥϷɵĶ顢ԳݡƽˣһŭҲų
ѾظСʵĴϺҲ׷׳֣Ҷɱͷħ󣬷սѾ

СﻯһֻȭͷССվҶļͷȻڵѪ쳣
ˣδսǺú÷Ÿ٣ҶḧСͷ­
С΢΢һ³ͷ˲ҶĲʾǳϲҶ
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ˣܾˣҶֻýջСڣˡ
ĹˣսڼսҶ΢΢һЦǰȥ
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ѩģôֲ츳ٿǧ꣬ͿԸһˡϷһֵ
ѩһնɱǸħ֮󣬶ʱһתƮ䡣
Ҷ΢΢һЦһӣѩҲСУѾ˹ɭǿߣȥչԱˡ
ѩȻûʧǸħӷǳǿΪħһĵһˣʵѾڲˡ
ѩȻǳأֱҶ˵û˺֮ǣŸʹȫһ
ҹ꺮ڤսʱոһ˾;һĺ⣬˵Ĺ֮С
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ϷɵһɤӣսеĶһԭ˶ƴײ𣬲֪緢ʲô
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ǰҹ꺮ɢĿֲƣڤһѹеĿ־壬ȫƺԥȫۼڳ֮С
ԭ˼ս˰죬ûаջɱԷʶǿһûʹ̶ȣѾûбҪ˼ˡ
ڤնţ

ڤҹ꺮ͬʱһŭȣʵ磬һмɶûκ壬ԵʤĹؼ
䣡
ݺݵնһ𣬿ֲµĴޣ͵Ľ⣬ͬӿ
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ҶҡҡͷϷɺҹ꺮ԸϾˣûˣֱΨһһս
ҶﵽʱԭĹȻֹͣеĶ˫Ŀ֮иһĨʺΣɹ˵ֿ
˼״΢΢һ㶣ûм΢ˣֻΧŹֹߡ
Ȼڵж״̬ܲòϣ̫ǿˣʹ㾡ȫôʱ䣬޷նɱ
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ޱȿɬҶԵһ㣬ĳ֣мƻȫҡ
ԴҶϣһ㣬ôﻮͣʧܡ
ɽǴδܣѾ㹻ˣΪ˳ﻮδս˵伫ԼʵװԼҪ𾪵ĵز
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ΪֻԼͬ飬һǿվһˣûл֧֣㲻ܴﵽǿ
ߵÿһˣһöӣⱾһģǷӵޡ
һ壬ħԭһңǵıʵһģϧǴȥԺ󣬾ΪҪĶС
һӵкǾͻʲôԼҪǻȥޱϧȥػС
ҪƻʱΪػƽʱʮٱǧ򱶡Ҷ
ߣ޻̸֮ʲôУααװ̰α䣬ô꣬Щ壬𱨵ˣ㲻˵ĺܿЦ𣿡Ц
Ҷ΢΢һЦĵ˵ûԷǳӣаħһаٱ
аĽ壬ⱾһʵаˣҲҪػĶ縸ĸ¡ӡѡ
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žһս֮ɽһԼӴ˽һ໥Σ໥ĺƽʱ
Цûа񣬾Ͳ⸱棬˵ǾһȺվڵƸߵϣȥָ˵ӣʵϣǲаġ
Ǿʹ˳ȥȻһԼȻٵаħ壬ȥ߸ɽ磿ǵ߸ɽ磬ȫɱˣȻأûʲôԵ߸ʱǾͻ߸ԼǻԼԼҶЦ
һݣҶĻһһݺݵͷΪҶĻһ뵽һǳµĿܣûġ
ϴ󣬸˵ЩϻʲôϽɱ˰ɣⳡսѾʤˡϷɲԹ
ʤ
ϷɵĻȻЦ
Ϸɲŭйâ֣һɷɵĳ׼˹ͷ­ֻҪϷһͷͿԽɱ
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ЦʲôЦ̫СҹˣȻҳҰˣˣ׳յǵĽ޾ľ
һĴЦȻؿʼһɴδܹĿֲѹڶɫ䡣


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