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ݼ飺
½ΪСߣǧʯǿߣնϺɽߣͨ쳹أ̫顣
ˣߣ裬ǿߣ¡
꣬½֮츳ߵĻǣ˵ߵĳɾͣϢϢءȻ꣬桢ǡ쫷硢׵ȣ꣬ǹꪣ꣬׻ϬԳߣȻǿ꣬ꡢꣻܹ꣬ʵϽǿ
һǿַ㣬þУ̤أ񷣡





0001 ѵ
½ΪСߣǧʯǿߣնϺɽߣͨ쳹أ̫顣
ˣߣ裬ǿߣ¡
꣬½֮츳ߵĻǣ˵ߵĳɾͣϢϢء
Ȼ꣬桢ǡ쫷硢׵ȣ꣬ǹꪣ꣬׻ϬԳߣȻǿ꣬ꡢꣻܹ꣬ʵϽǿ

ݳǣּҸۡ
ַ۾ǰɫķ䣬İϤķ䣬¶һ˿εĿɬЦݡ
ҲѲɣַֹһʱɬЦݻΪУǸһĨЦݡ
ûַԽˣǵĹеһѧΪһԽ½һͬļӵϡ
ַЩƣΪԽƣڵϣһŹ£үүһģΪ۹ȣүүڿַѧ¼ȡ֪ͨһڰĵıۣһǷǳļַѧΪŲַ㣬ԼĲ
ַһֱŬڹѧÿ߶ĽѧҪԼŬıˣүүԸַףƴŬܹɹ
ڴʵϰʱ򣬵λھƵоƻᣬƻϣһӵܰѺһʵϰŮͬѧˣλ˺Ĭ߿ˣַ㵱Ȼ֪Ҫʲôֹˡ
ŬΪУѧУˣǷŮͬѧ֤ȷ䣬ΪŮͬѧ׿ָ
һǣԹ˾ˣŮͬѧǸӵһ״֤֤ڣûǮûƵַⳡ˾ҪѾע׸ʮӣȻ᳹ѹ졣
ǸӵܺλŮͬѧ˸߲ҵ§һһµϳ֮ʱַһȻ΢Цµϣַϡǵſ־ݣеİࡣ
ǰַѾûκǣңԽƣƵǣԽһүϣŷү
ּͬүƺӵܣƺڵʱԼ裬ŹˣȻһ߳ţҲַܹ룬Խϡ
ȻػһҾñݡڴϵַսԼ˫ȭǻ᲻óɢȥһƲлİɣԺңҾ㣬ҾԼ衣
ںԭַ㡯Ĵ󲿷ַ꣬ѾԼһ磬ǿΪֻҪ㹻ǿκȨǰҪףϵĻȨ
ҪΪǿߣҪһȵ츳⣬ҪһǿߵԼޱȼ͵ǿ־ǰүַ㡯ЩųڵͬΪˣ־ѵĥԼĿ飬־үַ㡯֪ҪͶ١
·Ǹоַǿҵ־һƲлգ꣬ںһ
䣡ںϵɲǣֱַֻӽʡ¡
֪ãַһ۾üͷ΢΢ţϸĸһļ¶
ַһʱһϢڿռ䴦ӣַо˿̵ԼһɵӰţһźɫӰ
˵ַǷﻹûѣҿ˳Ѿˡ
ٺ٣ַﲻˣּҵ
Զ̸ַĶУַȴûжŭ¶һ˿ɫȻǴӺԶģ˿̵ȴһˣԲ֮κη紵ݶƺĶ䡣
ңַ㷢Լˣ˼ά·࣬ܶ಻׵ĵطȻʡ
ٶһСӰַ΢С;ţȡЦķ֪꣬ʲô࣬޷
˫꣡
˿̵ַ˿ûΪСգԵЩͣ漴¶һ˿õЦݣûźɫӰһ꣬¾ѵ꣬Ȼ֪Ӱʲô꣬СӰ꣬ӵꡣ
ӵߣΪ˫꣬ڴ½ϣӵ˫ޣţ˳Ϊַ㣬˿ȴӵ˫ꡣ
ʱڰɡַ΢΢һЦԼܹӵ˫ӦںԵʣں˵꣬ӵ˫Ҳ֣ĿǰӦʡ
۾ַ㿪ʼ붨Ԫʱ˳ַ֫ٺַڣꡣ
ʱַֹͣϢһɫֻˬ˵ĳ죬ʹоˡ
ߵ档ַ㿴Լ˫ȭһգž촫
ٶƺȼп˺ַܶ࣬߳˷䣬ǰһ޴Ժ䣬Ժľ׮оʯЩַõġ
ߵʯǰַ似ˣʱȭХƿ·һزŤſռ䡣
ȣ
ڴʱַзһȣոȭԵһȭǰײʯ棬¡ľʯֱӻΪһʯ۳ڵϡ
ˣȭʯɳǰд֮ؿǰײһʯϣʱһը׾޴ʯȺѡ
ӦǧɡַǳЧʵѾָ۷壬侳أ޵似ˣǰǿˣͻƵˣܹ侳ؾ緢ǧ
ڰ겻ܹǿӾٶȺԡַ΢΢һЦǰΪԭ⣬Բ츳ߵ䶼Ѿ侳ؾ߸ߣ侳أˣ似Ҳǿ⣬ֻһ似¾Ȼһֱͣ޷ͻƣ˳Ц
ȻڣĵźڰĵƺҲˡ
ܹȫʵ꣬ڰ겻һء


0002 ͻ
С㡣һֻԺжһλ꣬޳Ϣǿַмơ
סּҼֺҲַĸףںַӵ˵˼룬һ׷ǳȻַҲʲôס
С㣬㡭ˣֺϵţַ㱻ͻּҵʱһϢһߣһֱڻ״̬УֺѾϣʼΪַ׼£˿̣ȻһĶӳԼǰܲϲ
ףѾȫˡַ㿴ֺɫ΢΢һЦоǳܰһүүůʹδܹܰĸо
ááֺصַļ򣬿ǻΪʯĩʯһƾâǼλֵܿǶȻļ֮λأû뵽ַôͻָˣǰ쵰һʧɡ
ڴʱֺͻȻɢĺ⣬ַо嶼ˡ
ײ侳ǿߣɢϢܽ޶ַаһһ;侳Ԫ壬塢ֱܹ֮꣬ͨһɱһˣǿޱȣֺ侳ǿߡ
С㣬˭ɵģֺɫַ㱻ͻʱһϢԷҪַʵϣԷҲȷҪǡַ㡯
ף½ԼɡַûиֺǱĶֺ˵ģڼУʹһ֮λʵֺҪټֺ츳ƺӵܵٮٮߣ˲ŸҺ޼ɻַ㡣
ַԼһ;ݲ°ɳӣκεħ߱ǿϰ
ֺЩĿԼĶӣֻʱַһ磬Ŀ㣬ﻹõǷ
һСøˣֺο˵ͷһᣬҵҪôϵ峤

ҹįˮ
ּУַϥڵأһźڰӰӰȫںҹ֮УǺڰꡣ
ַз֣ʹúڰʱٶҪ屶ֹ˾ϵƣһֱʹ꣬ȻĻᣬȻҪúõĻһأھ½Ψǿߣأ˾ܹ绽ꡣ
ɫںҹкһө⣬ַ壬ԪŨһ̶ȲŻֵΡ
츳ǿߣٶȼ죬ԪۼԼܣγɹȦʱַ㣬Ȼʹ״̬
ʱַƽȣɫƽͣڣԪţѪǿǡ
ãһŹâ˸ַȻ仯޵׶˲ϢɫԪ壬ɸɾ
һƾâһţӰ⣬ַվǸһĨЦݣͻˣһҹһ磬˿̵Ѿ侳ء
ַ㲢û㣬Ӽ֪侳ؾ粻𲽶ѣľǿ߿ܹշУھ⣬Ǻεȵңѣǰ֮ɡ
뵽ַ㿪ʼȭͷȭХָ֮˲ϢըһǿĿռ䲨˴ݻ֡
侳־أÿһؾǧ˿̵侳Ϊӵǧ֮ʹѾصľˣܹǧٽǿַ㿴⻹ܽأһ͹һˣʱӦӵǧ൱侳ӵеĴˡ
ǧεȸͣ񲻶ϱѣƬռˣֻкХȭȭӰ
ʱԶһĴȭоûбѣǷأַУĿһȭٶҲ
ˣǸݺ˲ܻ似һǿһˣԵͣȻǺˣ˰Եһ棬Ӧû͵һ棬ֻиᲢãһǰ
Ժһַȭͷһζĸͣǻݽʱʱᡣ
ȣַһһȭ
䡢䡢䡭
֮˷߱˱
ȭ֮ȫΪĩ
ˣǿַ㿴ǰֹͣȭ˾˵ľ裬Ȼͻ磬ˣҪ֪似ԽԽѣ侳ܹ֮ˣ侳ȴһʹˣȻַȴˡ
Ӧӵǧٽ˰ɣֻҪ򵽸ᲢãǾ˴֮ʱַͷϲ似ԽԽҲǳɱģӵǧٽǿʹ侳ǿҲһս
ǰַ㣬ͨ侳޶򲻹Ʋ𣬶ַһ죬ӵ侳޵սֱӿԽ硣


0003 ŰԵ
峿ּԵø֣ΪҪٿᣬּ֮˾㶼λָ䳡ȥ
˵᲻үүˣҲˣǳżȥġ
Ǻǣ˵峤ʵǿ󣬵Ƿ˵Ѿȥƺڵͻּҵүһֱ峤ܲѣ˵ּҪˡ
·;Уּ֮˽Ⱥƺ֪ǱѰ
ַֺ˿Ҳǰ䳡·;ַ㰲Ȼ˵вɵһĨɫôûֺϣ󲿷˶˵뷨
󣬾ȻûͻȻһ̶Ŀһ̧ͣͷȥͼһƲĳ
֮һֺּ꣬ȻĶƣַ㶼ʮ䣬ȴ侳ޡ
ԭƣѹָô˵ˡȺүֺȻʹүְԵһʱͷȻ߲ư
˵һ顣ֺһֱƣĿ΢ʹֺ
϶ԽԽˣ۸ְԵһ䵭
ߣֺôһ֮ûнɺͳֺĮӦ
Ǻ磬ҵҪ峤絽ʱֺȻ̱Ƿӣƺڵּ̧ңּ棬ѵ˵
粻ʱֺȻ˼˶ˣѵ뵱Ϊ㹻ʸ񣿡ֺŲһ磬ɢűϢֺȻߵֻ㵽ֺȻĺ档
ʸλ˵㣬ֺ˵㡣ֺȻɫû뵽ֺһ̬˰Ե
ô˵ˣǺãֺڻǼǰĶõ
ֺ˿ãԽԽʢһƬĿռ¶ȶ½࣬аɫı˪֡
ΪԴϣȻүѡȺĿⶼ߿һ˿壬ǻΪֺᱻӦүүķѡ
ֺĪΪ㲻ɡֺȻб£һǿ˳ͺ࿹
ӵб꣬޺ֺȻӵеĻ꣬湦ˮ˻𣬼Ϊ൱ֺȻҲǸ׵Ķ֣εȻ
һԵַĿ⳯ԱߵְԵȥְֻԵ¶һĨаЦ漴˵϶ϾҪʼĪŶˡ
ּңŸһУΪԼڣְԵóѹֺֺһñ
ߡֺмɨֺȻһۣ漴ջϢַһ뿪
ֺȻȻֺĲм⣬Ƿû´ξͲôˡ
ֺȻĴֺƺӵٮٮߣΪӵܣǺӵܣƾӹʱȻҲˮǴߣּһܹȵϵġ
ְԵŮܷ츳ѾӵܣĳɾͲֵΨֺĶʼ˳ΪְԵֺȻƾ̣ҲǣǴƣֺƶΪ
޴䳡ּȫڴˣ䳡һʯ̨˿ּҵȨ֮˾Ͷ档
λϣǰƺּ֮ң֮£ȴ뾹һķּ棬ҽ齫ַ壬䵱ּӵܡ
ֺȻվųϯϵλϹ˵ֱӷѡ
㵹Ǻˬ죬żɽһ֮ûڣʲôʱֵָֻˣλáֺȻֺȻĿģΪǿƣҪԷô壬Ȼ֮λ
϶ô˵Ͳˣ˵ǼҲǼƶ֮һΪּ룬Ƿʵּ棬塣ְԵһ𹥻ֺ
ҵĶԼܣθɣֲܣְԵ֪һֱҵλãұսһʤңҴҶһ뿪ּңܵĻٸҷƨ
ֺվŲֱ̨룬ǿϢţңְָԵ㲻սҲս
ַ㿴Լĸһĳ̬ͱˣѩ½Ϊֻʵǿ߲лȨԼʵöԷ졣
㲻ɡְԵֺƨŭ粽ֺԶ
λ϶ųĬǶڿ־棬ְֺԵʤˣӵһӣּҼ֮λȻҪŲһˡ
ҵҪƾʲôô񡣡ְԵЦһȴֺ˿ϻָּ̨֮Ҽ֮ڣͬһ˲о˴̹ǵĺ䣬衣
ֺǱ꣬һͷţΧԻΪʴ
ǧְԵҪͷԼ꣬ȴֺȵ漴촫ֺΪģǸ̨Χɢ̨϶ѩ׵ĺְԵҲһ̣Ϊһ߱ˣ˺С
䣡һ죬ѩѣְֻԵֱӷ˳ȥһѪ漴صĵ䡣
λվ𾪵ĿǰһĻְԵһ
ǧֺı˵ڰأѹǿơĿ˸ֺӵб꣬ټǿı˲佫ְԵ⣬ȻһɱһǳɣְԵӦʱ䶼ûУֻҪֺϰģ¾ͱɡ
ּĿԵЩͣǵһμ˰ԵֺȴүְԵԵʮ֡
ְԵ³һѪĿĿֺֺȴ⣬Ȼܹµַ˺λֵѲ˸ϵȻǶҪɱĶӣֺﻹҪ˼ֵ֮顣
λϣɡֺһӣصԼλ·ʲô¶û
ǺǣֺΪһ֮Ϊһ˱ʣּӵܷܶޣĿҲﵽˣҶɢ˰ɡϵһЦ˿ټѾԡ
ϣȻˣҾȸˡַŴϹ˹ַ֣һ
ֺҵҪܻáֺȻĿûдﵽ˵һ
ǣּҵĳ衣ƸͳֺĿɨʱֱ졣
С㣬߰ɡֺԸԷַȴûߣת̧ŲƵķȥһĻȺɫһַ֪Ҫʲô
ֺҲĿԼĶӣַֻߵǰԶȻƵƣſڱտ˵ҷʣ㷢ҸԼµ̨
ܺұȡû뵽ַﶼ˵ɵóһ
ַ˸漴Ц£Į˵ƣַ㣬㷢ս


0004 ̽
ַ㻰£䳡ͻȻ
ַ㣬ս
ֺ£ĿԼĶӣڳϯ׼뿪ĳϣ˿µĿַ㡣
ֺȻЦЦ˿̵һŭû뵽ơ
ƣӦֺȻĿϣݹһĿ⡣
ƿַ㣬оԼܵ裬ڼӵ츳ֻͨΨַǰܹҵÿμַ⳰һַ㣬˿̾˵Ҫս޹⡣
ܽУҲٳ֡˳Ҫпֶλַ㣬Լж
ܽһȭ䡣ַҡҡͷܵȻ˵һֵȻƵɫ˲ַһȭӲס
ȺҲһȻĿַ㣬һ˳Դ˰ɣȻڳԡ
˵ĻƯվǷѿ֮ҲַֻƳЦ
ַЦˣѿ֮ƺֻ˵һ仰ɡ
ҳˡַ㲻ԸͶԷϻ£峯ǰȭͷ̧漴ƻ
һȭһ̣ûбˣͬӳԼȭͷҪַ֪ж
ͻȻĲһɿԵ˳Ȼַȭͷϣȭ죬Ⱥֻһɲ˷ĳѹȹȥ
似ˣ
ƵɫͻȻˣΪܵѹ֮жǿ˿Ѿ˫ȭֻһɹ͵Ĳ͸ȭͷѹϣһǿһˣûֹ
ۣ
һƺߣƵ˳ȥ˵ĿһĻ͸ղְֺԵսƣƣް㷴ֻ֮һȭ˳ȥ
ֺȻվĿŵڵϵơ
ôܡôܡͬĿͣ޷пʵ
ȺƵĺͻȻղַĻſڱտ˵ҷʣ㷢ҸԼµ̨ǰʵ֤겻Ľ
⻹ּҵķү𣿡ַ㣬Ⱥͻأһ뷨ܹһȭƣҲǧϵɡ
ڿ˵ҷһȭӲסʲôַ㿴ƳĶĿ⣬˵
㣬ΪȴҲһֱֹߣӱһȭܣ˵ҷǲҲ˵ӷ
̧ͷַֿһֺȻ
侳ضѣҫ𣿡ֺȻָɫѿ
㲻ҫֻ㸸ӸҵĻǶѡַ㲻Ըԣת뿪ߣ˺֮
ߣ˺ֺ֮૵ЦһĨâԼıˣ˵Ļ

ַصԺķ䣬ֿʼ侳صƲŹǰӳŵֺ츳ͱҪǿܶ࣬侳صޣְԵĶŮ츳Ҫǿְ̫࣬ԵŮܷ˵Ѿ侳ˡ
±ᣬʱеӵܶǲΪ´ľͿַˡ
£ʱʱǹģܹԪ߶ԣʮ첻ʳа⣬ԪΪľ֮
ʮȥַ߳Լķ䣬ĺʮʱ䣬Ѿ侳۷徳磬ֻһͿ̤侳ء
̧Ųַ˸ֺķ䡣
С㣬ڼΪʲôһҪţַֺ˵ҪЩģϴεֺڻ޷¡
ףЩ޿ɱģڼһֱӻңܹɳΪǿߡַ͸һɼ㣬ŵּǿ̫࣬ǿĹ似мҵľֻţܹɳø졣
ַ͸ŵִţֺ̾˿ĳˣûһζĴڼıӻų֮ΪܳΪǿߣֻ¸ĸģվĽǶȴЩᡣ
ȻִҪţΪҲ㣬ҪעԼİȫֺͷЭ
İɸףһŬǶڽ¡ַ͸ǿţӵкڰٶȱȳ˿౶ҲǿټһִŵģԼЩνŲ
ַ㲢ûд̫ĶһƥǧѩһӸһЩ
ףˡݳ⣬ַ㿴͵ĸ˵
ţСĵ㡣ֺ˵ͷ漴ַ̤Уǧѩ˲Ϣһɫƣʱʧݳ⡣
ãأһ޼ʣַϣ۳֮䣬ʱһɺɡ
ǰһַϲ̤裬̽нû뵽һҲлᣬһһңء
һǾơһ䡢һſ
Ӣ̽£̤ѪȾ죡
һעƽһעң


0005 ν
ƺھݳ֮ңʹǧѩܹǧַʮʱŵ
ʮַҲû˷ѣãã̤УһַйѪܣڲ֪ľõͻƣҲ˳̤侳ؾ磬ˮɣ似Ҳһأһ˾أ
ַ㣬ӵнǧٽǿޱȡ
ƺλƺɽƺϣƺ岢ɽߵɽ壬ϿͿԿƺ·һɽ֮ǣߵͨɽΧ棬ˮѣھ½ˮˡ
վסǰСɽţɽӽַס˵
ַüͷһָָǰϽɽӰô
ߡһЦƾʲôͱӵȣ㱻ķ
ԭʵԵʣַЦЦƺڵɽӲһ裬һŵӣпǰǰ֪ͨţʲôȨˣǴӵĶѣ˵ӵˡ
߾Ҫ衣ַЦһûһ˦ǧѩХǰ
ҡͬʱȣҪֹȴַ˫ȭʱһȵʹֱӽ˳ȥ
´ΣΪַХֻʵлȨɽȻĿַȥӰ漴¶Цﶼǿˣѹֻɽӡ
ƺڣʮ侳ػؾ磬ͨ侳㣬侳أԳţصעʮ̤侳ޣѩ¹Ƕš
Щ෴ʮ껹ͣ侳أֻ˵ʵˣƺ츳ģַŵһ֮˳Ц
ַϢܿƺӵд⡮ϲġƺڻСģƺڣַΧȺ飬ţֱƺǳȥ
ǳƺڴŹ似ĵطÿ춼вӵǰǳ󣬽ȻҲ⡣
ַ㡣һַͣ½ŲĿת漴㿴һɫꡣ
ⶼûϴҪַֺ㣬ֺȻĴӡ
ַɨֺһۣЦ侳ؾѣƾ侳ΪϾˣ˿ѷɫԷֻҪһ似аսʤֺ㡣
ַûֺ㣬ֱӽǳԼʵٱ
һΣһĲַֺԼһɭɱ
ǳǰһλߣǣĿɢ
ǰַ΢΢ȻԷһظˣǳۣǳεҪĵطֻһػɼԷǿǰ򵥣ͺñǰĳӾ²ؾɨɮɲ⣬Ϊ˵ַλῴס
ɢĿ΢΢һĿַһۣ漴ַ˵ͷ侳ֻǳһ¥ѡ似ס
סַӦһǳ󹲷㣬侳Ϊĵûƣֻѡһ¥Ĺ似
ǳһ¥Ĺ似ǻƼ࣬ҵʺԼĹ似ŵĵּ̣ܱȵ˵ġ
ַʱҪҪڷ似Ѱҡ
ɱȭһȭɱʺϵӵ
쫷նйʺϷӵ
ţƼƷʺϵӵ
ַ㷭е似Ȼַ£Ǻڰܹ꣬ǿ޵ʣ˶Բƣκ似Ǻڰı̬֮ϣǿ似
罣磬Ʈݣ޿ײ룬ʺϽӵ
ַĿ΢΢ͣ£̽нĿ˶Խ˵罣ƺҪġ
ννһɱʺϽϵӵ
νַĽŲͣ£νƺĽͬҪľǰνһ̣Ϊʱ䣬ӰȻνȴǽνɱؼѪڳһɲǿһУʹʧܡ
Ұνûк似һΪأֻһأһνɱˣߣѪ
ˡַ㽫νպãȻ׼ѡһṦϾܱ֤ÿһζһɱʧܣӵкõ似Ҳܹ˲룬Ӯûʱ䣬ң貨΢߱ڣÿһ˵밡
ַѡһΪӰ似ǿ⣬ֻӰˡ
ջ񲻴ַ㽫似õظ˴Ǽǡ
ν˵ͺһСӣν似ǵһαѡҪ֪˽ѳȴνٶȺѿԷٶȲĻ־Ѿע˵似ǿǺǿҪ̫ߣҪµĿ죬κζֶ죬һɱ
סַ֪ԷǺԼν죬ǰν޷ѪãԼΣ֡
ͺãûаñã⸡Ӱǲ似ҲԣַǼǺãϾǳѡ似Ҫһڹ黹Ӱӵܡ
лǰָ㡣ַӹ似Ȼ󹧾Ķ˵л
šЦŵͷƽʱԵãҲûʲôãȥɡ
лˣͷӿܲˣȥɡ˼ַҪл΢ЦŻ˻֡
ַԴлͷνܹ䲻⣬һɱİվԴ
΢Цŵͷʾ⣬漴ַ뿪ˡ
ܾûôȤˡ˵һ漴ָֻɢģ˶ֻʵԽԽ꣬ѽһߡ


0006 
ƺڵ屻ͨɽΧƣͬʱҲӵͨɽ壬ƺڵӿԵЩͨɽȥѰҶ츣أǱϾ̫̫ͨˣҪѰһĵطҲͷǳס
˿̵һͱڴһڿյĿ֮أ¿ããƺĿ
ַȴûȥͣظһν
һ֮ͱڴʯըһϸĿǶͱУǽۡ
ַѾ죬ͱǧٿףǳһĽۣ˺·
νֻ׷㣬죬µĿ죬оڰνɲǱױȵڳĹ켣Ƕȣģֻһй̶·ܲ˿νǲĽ
ַûĺˮɲϵظŰνʵǳϦ֮£ֻг֮Ժ㣬ӵмޱȵ־ܳΪǿߣΪ˵ַһֱǣ˵˺ѪҲͬΣǿ󣬾Ϳܱɱǰֺ㡣
ãַĺڰӰðҲ΢Щ㱣ֹͣ˰νĶꡣ
ߵ꣬һֱʹöԾĿǷǳĴ
ǶűʯƤҽУַӰ˸Ӱ⣬ֿʼϰ似
սϦַпͱϣǰƺϴһ˿õЦݡ
ղѪ˪һɽСȥҸõĶˡַϢƬ̣Ȼɽȥ
ûжַͿ˼涼ռˣʱַһɽ˳ɽȥַĿ΢΢һ
һ죡ǰһ߷壬Ȼ߷мȴ·һмһܹ߹խ·Զȥͷ·һ㡣
֪ʲôַͷ΢һȥɽˮƺǴһġ
Զӵַ߽ܿһ죬ɵõЦﵹùˣ⸽˭֪ʦõĵ̣Ȼҽȥ
ƵʵɱǿˣŵǰӦýʦŶԡ
˽ͬʱַѾ߽˼׳һ죬ǰͻȻȻʣ澹ж죬Ϊ߻һ޴ĺ˿˿ӺðһȻȪ
Ǻõطÿϴ衣ϵ·ˮճţַоǳ·ȥֱַȻȪС
ַ˵ʱȪһߣ˳ĺ˿ͻȻӺ˦漴ַͿһףһʮŮҶüΪľΪԵʣƤãҪױȫȻ
Ů۾ɲ̫ƣŭĿ棬ˮбϢ׳ϢôҲû뵽Ȼӵ˲ಲÿԡĵط
ǸҲ֪ˡַǸһЦȻ뿪ŵһŮϵõġ
ɫûбÿ٣֪ɽƺڵӣ˭֪һĵط϶ǹᱡġ
ַȷ֪ˣǰķַųҲûɽ
Ȼ÷ǳַҲе˲û̫뷨·ͷɿ뿪
㻹ߡַҪ߳һʱһĮתַͿ˫ŹĿ
ôַüƺûκᱡľٶֻһѣҲǸˡ
ûлش欵ɹΣŹХ֮ɫļʸƿնֱַ㡣
ǿַĿ΢ûκԥ˺ХĹǼǿģһռ䶼˵졣
ʸ˲伴˺ڼʸϣʸڿԵ˳мƬ̲׹ء
Ҫɱңַдŭ⣬һǧǰַ㣬Ѿˡ
Ρһ֧ʸϣƵͻȻһ֧õļʸɫļʸ
ַͷֻһõļʸסϢ
ܹ꣬Ϣ
ˡҲ˲Ϣ
Ӱˡַʮף͵˳ӿļʸ֮ϣһֻǻ˻ʸٶȣ˵ļ£ֱַš
Ʊŵг͵Ĵڣ侳ޣʹüʸһԳǧ˼ַʹþ޷赲
ַӲµȥǼʸƣ·㣬ת£ɱַ㡣
ַһ貵İɫ⻪һû˲Ϣʧ
֮£ַˡ
һԶԶĴ㶣ֻԼļʸϣַӰѾʧһ⣬ٶ졣
ǽ⣿૵漴׷һ졣
һ첻Զĵطǵſֵ˼ַӳһ첻ɵƾȻûǷ
ʦòԸƽϰɡ
ʱǿƴһпͪ޾Ȼ֮̿ˮȴֻͣ¶һԴ͵ѵõķ羰
Ҫ֪ƲԼʵǿƺڻв׷ߣЩ׷зǳŵǺĵӣɲǵģ֪ǿԸе壬ǾԻĺѿ


0007 ڷ
ַһտ֮أͷ΢Щ⣬ǿΪ磬ݽ棬˵ɱɱֻҪʵǿ
нһѣֻǿһ۱㱳ȥƣȴҪɱʹͬһӵܡ
ӵ߿׷ɱУҲǿĻаնһɱַԼʹһаνǷǳģ磬籼ף˲佫ʸѣûžļ尾
Ҫַ֪ͱ죬һֱνʹúڰԼֻھ޷֧ŵʱ꣬Ȼļ϶Ӱ
ơַ㰵£漴ȡһЩľģĦʯ棬ѽ·ɡ
ַ㲻ԶĵӰǣӦöƺڵˡ
Ǳˣһȥɣһ˶һһ꿪˵
ǲ֪ΪΣĿЦЦԡ
˵˳ַΨһŮӼַಲӣɵ΢죬ãԴ·𣿡
ַ㿴Ůһۣ䲻ôޣٶׯ㣬Ƥϸ⻬ع㣬ǰǴŮˣǰַļ֪Ů˵ȷҪǸŮƯö࣬ΪԵʰɡ
õġַ㲢˵ˣ෴СԿΪ˼⣬ǳദ
ʲô𣿡ַ㴩·Źʵ
ģҪȥڷɱޣһ𣬵õ޺ƽ֣֪ûȤһڷλƺɽɭ֣ΪеӲ²ڷܱƺɽҪö࣬ƺѡڴ˵ؽţܿҲ˺ڷƬɭڣϾɭֶ޶ԣĥʵͨɱ޻ƤëԼ޺˻ȡһЩõĶ
ãͬ⡣ַ㼸ûпǾʹӦȷȥʶһ¡
̫ˣˣֻҪż޾ͲˡŮַӦԸˣΪߵǲϲ˵İ꣬侳Ϊ侳أַҲͬƺڵӣ£ӦҲ侳ΪҲء
ͨ޷ΪżӦ侳ľؾ磬ֻҪϾż޻߸ǿޣǱ㲻Σˡ
ֵܣҽ£ʦֺʦþܿΪľ硣ַܵ꺫Ůַܿ΢Цʾ⣬ΨΪߵİɫ°ɫĮ
ҽַ㡣ַ΢Ц
ַ㡣꾰һοڣЦЦĿַһ۵ܿʦã˷ʱ䣬׸
ȻҲ˵ַĴƺŵ̫࣬ûַַǻ֪ġ
ַüԵЩΡ
ַʦܣ츳ܸߣ侳ΪЩһʶ͵ûʶԵһ𡣡꺫ǱȽˬ죬ĵ
ԣʦ˵ûº;ܿҲͬ꾰ȴһҲû˵ʲô
ַĿϣһ˿øУҲûоܾһǰ˿Խ˼ɽ壬һ˺ڷ롣
ַ㣬ڷޱ޼ʣֻкĵӻųϲ֪жֻΧ̫룬ʵһЩǡ׳˶ĺһ
ַ΢΢ͷһ·ֱ֪ӣԷô˵ûа̵˼
ڷƸӣǲľľΪïܣʺ䣬޵á
弶ǣץסͻȻڣֻԶĹľһ˫Ŀ͸˿˿â
½Ųϵĳ˲ϢʣɫˮкأӰ޿ײ롣
ͣһ죬гûУһ弶ޡ
罣ǣȻˬЦǰȡ弶޺ˡ
弶޶ѡ꾰΢ЩмĮ˵
ַ⻰ҡͷǰ˼޶ѣͨҪЩ㲻ţ԰ĿһУɾޡ
պ޺һ˼ǰУÿһʱޣЩ޶ûг߼׵ıˡ
ԽԽأѾʮ޺˰ɣջ񲻴󣬸ӣоӲɵЦ
Ѿڷ뼸ˣ޿ܻԽԽǿҪСĵ㣬оˡһ
סӦһĿסˡ
˼ޣԳǰֵӴ૵Գο񱩣ޱȣѻмΪġ
磬ҪˡܿһԵİ꣬˼ޣӦκβɣǱǿˡ
Ǻǣܿ㼱ʲôƺһ˵ɡûгֹɣΪа׷𡣡Ƴһַ㣬̶
ַЦ԰׷֮ûгֲΪÿζǰ棬֣ΣȻԹۣ˼޵½ԼƳΪգϾУַ㲻Ƿϰ˼ޣֻ
磬ʲô˼˼޳֮ûܶԸַȥҪ𡣡˼Щˡ
־ǵ޺ˣô˵һ˷Ǹá粻м˵
磬Ȼһ˾Ӧùͬˣַǲźһ𡣡Ҳˬĵ
ߣҪԼֺˣҿɲԸһ˼ʱԳѾ˼ǰ
Կɡַ㳯ǰһ˼ޣ൱侳˼ޣж
У˼޲Ը˵ġܿЩˣ磬̫ˡ
⻰һ֮ɫžܿаһЦмɫҲŲһ
㡣޺ַԡ
һͬĶ
ңӦÿǿ赲˼ްɣܿĬĬ
ľЦһ˼ԳΪ꣬ɲǼ侳޾ܶԸ˵ġ
ַ㿴һۺԼվһŵļˣͷ΢ȣ¶͵Цݡ
ӣַĵܶԸҲ˵


0008 ڤ
ַĻþܿ㶣Ŀַһۣ漴ǾͿַһ˳ȥ̹Ȼһ
ַ㣬ڲǳܵʱ򡣡ܿȻûмַַ֣ķ֮ϾǣַܷޣҲͺΪ뵱ҪͰ˼ޱԳ⣬ôܡ
ƺѾˣԳྐྵֺ͵ŵ棬ôض£Ӵֱӳַ˹һɽ㣬ضɽҡ
þܿɤӿڵַ㾹·֪˼޵ֱӳǰȻ֡
ܿ·𿴵ַ㱻̤ľ󣬾ñ۾
䡣Ե˳ϯ۾ľܿĸоռ䶼£漴˱ԳĴ̶
۾ֻԳ浹֮⣬ַֻ˵ߣ˫Ŀƺûʲô⡣
ôܣܿЩԼģַͱԳײ󾹺𣿿˿ºͺֻ˵۾ҲôģۼַһȭԳˣ𺳳ǵĴԡ
ǰ˼ޣûаǧ޷Գ
ľҲסˣﾹ˱Գ
˼ޣȻƤ񡣡ַֹһΪȹ侳ؾ磬Ͼһȭ֮ڰǧٽϣ似˾һ͹һˣ˾ڱԳϣʵʵӦýӽ˾ǧ˿̵ıԳվš
Ųһ磬ַıԳǰ͵ĺ˳ȥԳԿ񱩣Ӵ󣬸޷㿪ֻӲ
ȭˡַ㶯ͣͬȭռ˳ϯݿࡣ
ܿ˴վԳ˿̵ַȱԳҪ񱩣˫ȭϻӳӰΣԲ׵Ŀռ䶼һؿŰ˳
ܽʩչ죬¯࣬ŵӶһܹɡ˼άַ㣬Ƿ
ȭ粻˳ֹ˵˵߰Ҳˣַ似ϵ츳ܾˡܿ˼
ܲŵĨһѣƵĵ
ˡˡռĲƽַعͷ˵ȡ޺˰ɣҿˡ
ŶŷֱԳѾһˣɵ죬ǰ˺ܴľŽԳмֵĶȫȡһƤ̫񣬼˶ƿƤ⣬治ַ֪̬ôɱġ
ַ㣬ڣֻҪżޣǾͿԺˡӹãڼϣˬʵЦ
ַ΢Ц£˵ǼǰɣһЩ˼ޡ
õѣһͷֻᰤһ̵ֻǰ߹ֱǰȥ
磬㡭ܿ϶ŭ⣬һ˵
һ˼ǰߣǰҪֵľȴٳûޣɵЩơ
ЩԾַ˵طƬƺ̫һЩ
ЩԾ˵ĽŲܿ죬ǿǰľ羹ʼˡ
Ŀ⿴ȥͼǰһͷǣһֲ׵Ĺǡ
ܿ˫죬·ǿʲôֲ㣬嶼΢΢
ڤǣżޣͨΪ̵ޣϲһһڵĳˣȴֱɱٳԡµҲ΢Щ£ֽڷӵܣԸ˾ڤˣڤǲ̣ٶ죬ӶӲ
֣þ˹ŻնɱŲˣĿ͸أ⻰ȻǶַ˵ġ
ҪסԼŻ
ַЦһԿԼͬΣΪһ㡣
ûѡ񣬷ҶҪˣŭĵ
ҿɲôΪƺûֹɣҪ԰ʳҿɲԸַ㳰һ͸ĻȫԷ
˵ַԵʹ˸ɫŲʼŲ෽ˡ
ܿҲͬˣڤǣȥֻķݣҲǰΪҲĺȻǰæ
ܺá¶ɭ֮ɫһɷϢͻأţһ貹⻪Ӱھֱ
ꡣ
ַЩȣѹһ԰ڸУǿһ֣ӵߣɳɽޣߣƹһ򷨡
Ϊ޵ǿಢǽ˶Ϊޣͱ£Ƿ꣬óٶȣ顣
ʣһƺӳ
ڤǵͺһȻ䳯ǰ˳צĹâ
磬צһཻ졣
÷צӡһԵַ㰵զ࣬ż޹Ȼצ뽣ײڤǵҲֱӽʮףһĹ֣ɼ³˶ǿ
צһأڤǵӰֵ𣬿磬ݾ紭Ϣ
ĳ趯겻͸·һǰȻһȴڤǴǰʧˡ
棡
ֻëȻûκεԥ߾٣ֱַɳ弱ˡ
쵰ܿһڤǵĶ֣ˣܵķȻǺ˵ķ
Ҳùɫĳ˳
˿˳Է
㡭屻͵˳ˣ漴һҽУڤǵצֱӺıϣѪɽҲڵϡ
ַɫ䣬˲ҲˣػԷ
أڤǷһĺǺצ̤ڵڵϵľϣҲɱ磬Ŀַˣ⡣
ô죬ڤ˶ɱò̵ֶĥǡ¼綼ڤǶ֣Ϊη塣
ڤǵʲôַͻȻʵ
²Ŀַ㡣
ڤٶ죬Ҳǿ󣬷ԲǺΪצãҪĲӳܶԸצµĶͷѾˮַľ˴󿪴ϣԵͣΪҪܿڤǵצ̫ܡ


0009 һ
ַĿⶢڤǣȻǰСһ
һСȴþܿ˵ͷᵽɤˣַ㣬ҪʲôǾżڤǣ̵ޣ侳ڤҲֻܵķݡ
Ƕ룬ַжʲôַֻСֿȭڤǵķСٶԽԽ졣
һĻܿĿⶼӲͷ͵һ
أڤǼྐྵȻĹ˫øӵ䣬̹Ǳ·Ծġ
һҽдڤǵצ͵ھϼ̤£廯һɫ⣬ǵںǰצ͸źڰ׹⻪
ַ㣬ܿһƺѾˣַٶȾȻӰ쵽¡
ºͺ죬඼·ֹͣ˿ֻһͷˣ
һǰޱȣһţ󣬿ռ·ַֹĽŲͣˣżڤҲڵء
˿־ľ
ܿ˫ȭǰĿ͸ſ־壬ַ㣬
δ𡣡һ΢촫žĿռԵøͻأ漴ڤǵ壬ֱӲȥĲһ˿ߣϸѪ˿ߣѪߡ
ڤǣˣµſţȻĿǰһĻղһŵǡ
ַ㣬ôܿվŲַ㣬
ܿĻ£ºͺҲŵĿַ㣬һŴ̼ʱ̡
ڣַ嶯ˣתɾ۾¶õЦݡ
û¡ַ˫ֻ̯ڻղһνȻǿȻǰǣٶҪ죬쵽¡
ܿȫ˿ɳо˴±˻
˲δ˵ǿƵĿַ㡣
ôҸʲôַЩ˼ԴһĿҲ̫˵ɡ
̬мַƵǾܿ¶ĵͷͬС
ַ㣬ǽޡµȻ֪ղǵǽ⣬ֻн˵Ŀ졣
㲻ϣֻһ׽似ַҡͷޣΨн֮ӵߣʵǿĽߣܳΪޡ
㲻ϣѵ겻ǽɻ
ţҲǽӵߡַ˵ͷµһǽȴܽõÿ磬ֻ˵ַ似ֲ̫ˣͱˣȫѾ˾˵۷塣
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ַֻЦЦĿǰƺȷκ似Էǳǿ
żڤǵ޺ˣջˡһЦȡذǰʼȡ޺ˣͬʱ˵ַ㣬ڤһ˻ɱģû˵߲ȥ޺˵㡣
ܿ£ûɣ
º;ܿЦҡҡͷҪַ㣬Ҫںڷˡ
Ҳͬ⣬еƽַ֡ҡҡͷԷΪΪʱߺ棬ȴԸһݣ˵ɱڤȫĹַּͣˡ
˿ַĿ㣬صĵͷС
ƺ˰ɡʱһǾ˭
类ڤǻк󱳣ܵڤļ̤ͷ˼˿̸վֻ濴ַ㼸ˡ
ġԸһ쵰ڹؼʱ̲ǰΣӦԳڤǣ㽫Ǹ
ߣܿҲ߷˵
һ׼뿪ȴɭǲҪҴ֪Һһ˺ڷУǻųȥ˵Ҵô룿
˵ĽŲͣ漴תŭĶž硣
Ǵһ뿪޺˷һ룬ĻҪ˵
ô£ַɻʵһﶼ˻ô
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Ŀǵ
ַһ㶣ЦЦĿž磺
£ʣļµ亮â
ʲôһ͸⡣
ַ㡣ºƿŵӵĴڣȻַҲϾΪƫͣ²ΪַܶԸ˾ơ
ַ㿴ˣʵΪΪˣǾͻŹǣ
Ŀһ亹ȷԾıֿǾ˾磬ҲŹǡ
ǲûеΪǣȻͼݺǣյ³ûлڸģǾȥ÷һ޺˸ǻҴȥ
ַĽ͵һȻ죬ܿǱϾֻʮ꣬Ϊ˵͸
ַĻҡҡͷȷǴȥʱ򣬾ǾƱʱ
ַعͷž磬ȴĿ¶˿־塣
ҷģֻҪǴһȥҾᱨңҲҪ޺ˡźˡ
ˡûһܵв֮ʱĳŵţ
ַ㿴Ŀľ磬³һ΢ȻҲһɲǣͨǿߵѪ;УѪʬ壬޿ɱ⡣
ҵǣ࣬˵ɱġַ㵭ȻһЦ⣬һ侳޶η壬̸̽¡


0010 Ͽ̨
ַĺһЦֵܣɱ˱ɱˣһеҺѵثֲɡ
Ȼַɱ⣬Ϊ˰Ʋ⣬˿̵ĺַѪж͸жصĵ
ԣкһеֻҪƺڣͬŵӽֹ໥ɱ㾰֪ɱ˾磬ֻҪǲ뿪ŷΧҲܰôˣ¾Ȼ˵
ǵҡܿ΢Ц£Цø
áַΪӵѶˣ˵ĶԣȻƺڲӵ£лԼģˡ
ַھ漴ȡһ鼮һ似
׽
һַ㷭似׽ǻƼƷ似£ףÿһо֮ը죬ߵ·Ǳ
׽ǳе似ֵ˶ˣǿΪǺ潣׵ľ硣Ϊޣ˶Խԣ׽ҲˣȴҪ죬ʹóޡ
ַ΢΢ͷ似˿ɹɷӰز٣νһɱ׽Ͼ˹ͬʱΰνǲѡ
ǻȥ𣿡ܿ߹ַʵһ˶ַĹǡ
Ȼ˼ŻȥʲôȡһЩ޺˲Ǹ𡣡ַ㲢ôţںڷпԼͬʱ׽á
һЦ漴ЦַһڣֻҪǲ̫ǿޣͲΣգȷؼŻȥ
ܻȡһЩԪͺˡܿЩڴԪһܹ侳޾ĵҩ侳úܴ󣬲Ҫܶ޺˲ܻȡһŹԪһҪȼĸߵ޺ˡ
ַһƹâǰļҲ֪ԪȻܹɻ侳ؾޣ侳صΪƫЩܹΪνҲ侳һսˡ
ֵУХռо֮ը죬𾪵ǣը֮ӽз
䡢䡭ָ֮ľѣһݵг裬裬ǿ
ʱ䣬׽õ˵زһǸһԹۿ¶һ˿ЦҲý˾׽֪׽Ѷȣ죬ַÿһоը죬Ǵɵı֣¸о̫ܴˡ
ɱַһȣ˼Ʊ˫ֱǰַƱսһߵɺ޵ǣһֱĨɱƱȴⲻɱ겻͸ٶóƱҪӶӲ
ͣһ죬ַһƱУƱ˲
ʣַԾ׽ǳ⣬ףʹõ֮ʱҪǿˣԹǿۡ
˿̵ַվǣ֮ʱ˼ָ㡢ѣƺ˲١
ǰֿʼȡ޺ˣл૵ţԼɱޣȴר̸ȡ޺ˣ޲ַɱ޶߼޺Ͱ˼ޣһԹۿַ޵սͬǳ
ڵ޺ܻȡŹԪַ㽫պ޺˵ĺʵ
ʮţ١˷ܵĹâû뵽ջô󣬲ַ㣬Ļ߼޶ɱ
ãһţ޺˿ԻһЩǮƣȱʲôͻʲôǾͻŰɡ
Ԫ޶ֻǰЧһηܹ𵽵ͻƾĸҲ󣬵ڶκ͵ҪһЩ
ŹԪ˶ܸˣĻǾлڶʱڳ侳ˣ侳ؾǵ׵Ĵڣ侳ŵҲֻеȣֻе侳в˵ϻ
ҲûкַףദҲ˽ַΪˣŲ־͡
ߣǻȥ˵ţһ˳źڷȥ
صԪڣֱַ޺ȥһˣʮŹԪÿţ⻹ȡһַãһսãԪ̱ԪܹǿȻʶԼ츳㡢ȡ
ھܿһĶַЩ⣬פյֵҩܹŮ˸һЩаȹŮܿȻַŵŮˣ෴ǳַ㲻Ϊʲôѡפյ
ôҸʲôַܿ㶢Լɵ΢죬ͷ
ûʲôֻЩ⣬ѾƯˡַεЦЦ˸ȻܿѡפյҲȥ档
ַ㣬ʲôַʵлĻٺַȥڷ档
Ϊɣ侳ؾ磬ҾЩˡַӦ
ȷǶҪΪˣַ㣬ʵȫȥԼˡͷ漴ָָԶһ޴ϿȣƺĵطϿ
ͨɽ彫ƺΧ룬Ͽƺڵ룬ݵףռؼ㣬Ϊü򣬾һ֮ǣĵƷǳӣϿϷҰԿܶೡϿоһ⾰ˣҲ㴦һƬУҲһɽϡ
ƺڹŵսԼȥΣյĺڷ⣬ƺڻޱȵķϿֻҪһ̤ϿȵУͲݡ̸ϵսǿߵ̨һУֻбķݡ
ƺڣ侳Ϊһ㶼̤Ͽ
⣬Ͽһطֻ̨ҪԸ̨̤㱻˻ɱҲܣȻǿҲԻɱˡ
𣬲ɻ⣬̨̤ϣһ
ҵȻȥַ㿴ЩΧڷϿϷۿȺĿ͸һ˿Ĺâǰַֻ侳ؾΪ˳ΪֻվϿϷ¿ĽЩϿսǿߡ


0011 ϵΪ
ַķڣԪΪŨһɫ
ַΧõĺڰʵʰԪڣַܹԼ֣ᷢĺڰӰƺЩӰһ˿Ρ
ʱԪһŨĹ⻪漴ȫûַ嵱УַȻſâ˸ɢϢҲǿࡣ
ŹԪ˳侳ؾ硣ַһ˿Ц⣬ֻ侳еȾΪ۷壬侳ػһξ룬ŹԪֵˡ
侳޶սĻӦвֶ˰ɡ侳Ϊ֮ʱʹþҲֻǰǧٽʹþ׽ƻܽӽǧҲͬ似ھ侳ѹƣаһս
ַ߳䣬˿ʱ֣յӳϣһ˿ĸо
ڿϳˡ
һַĺƻɾ
ֺ㡣ַĿת㿴ʮֺ㻳˫֣һģ
ƺйأͬŵӲǿд˷䵱лϾϲڷðȻϺأغϸֺ㲻ƻַ졣
תֺ㶢ַ㣬͸ɱǰյţи˵ַﾹȻܵƣһ׺ܵܣֺ취Ըַ㡣
˵ϴλΪõ˲СɸȥϿһսֺĵ
ַЦϴֺǽƭȥϿһϿ㱻ֺðһϢȴûɱΪй涨̨ɱͬӵܡ
ʵֺ㽫ֺðѾƻŹأַ㲻һ侳Ϊķֺ侳أ˭ȥܣǿΪ𣬼ɣҲǱ򣬹ģǻġ
ʱˡַ¶һЩЦݣǰַֺռ壬죬ǰԼѩܰɡ
̧Ųַ㾶ֱԶȥ
㲻ңַֺ㲻Լһ
㲻˵ȥϿ𡣡ַ㵭Įֺ£漴ǹһ˿̵ЦݣǷϴβλôһΣԲַᣬڷϿɱȵַ߳ƺڣɱ֡
ǰϿͨдϷӵϿȵĺὭṦߣֱӴϿϿԾȥ
ַʵȫƾṦֱԾ£ȴûô˳˷ϿУֳֺ̫㾪ŵͲˡ
ǷҪܽϿȡֺЦһ׼ַصλãһԾչᣬֱӴӰ׸߿շɽ£Ʈ飬ʱֻż΢ȵϿȵУżһߡ
ø˭ϿϷ˿ֱֺ£ɵ̾һ
ֺ֪㣬侳Ϊǳ˻Ӧ
޵ǳã˼ʹڰ׸߿ǶܹϿеӰȻЩģ
ʱַֺ㽵ϿһɳϣܻߣҲŵӾ˲ɵͣ½ŲµĿŶŵַֺ㡣
Ǻǣû뵽ﾹȻϴû͸죬ҾһΡֺЦˣſЦһַ̤˷Ͽֺ˵㣬Ϊַǿ
ԡַ㲻м˵ֺ㼸Ҫգˣһ㡣
һﻹô񣬻ҵܵƾΪǣҽ֪侳Ϊεַ㣬Ƿ
ֺ˵ţŲַ̤ȥܼ򵥵һȭֱӺֺţַһȭͿԽ
ַֺ̧֣̽ȭͷס
һĻֺ㲻ɵЦﾹȻȭͷ
ѡһɰɫĹ⻪ֺţǿȭͷ¶Ҫȭͷַơ
ˡַƽ˵һΪԵţһֺֻԵеĿ籩ˣޱȣΣͬʱ˳˳ȭͷֱֶۣиᡢᲢá
ôܣֺз˾ˣоϴױȵѹٵĺˣ·˳㣬ԽԽҡ
ˣַϴűĺ⣬ƽ۶ԷȭͷҲ׷ֺ㣬˵μֲ䡣
꣡챻ûֱֺֻױȵʹǷ·ҪըѣҪȭҪԶַ㣬ͬΪԷ˿ѷɫǿԲܽ
ַߵűЦ⣬ֺͻȻһǿҵĿ־壬ַ㣬
ʲôʱѾԽֺֻľҪ
ýˡַĮһЦ˳׵¶ǧȫֺϣشֱӵ£ͬʱлʺѪҺֱۣǿޱȵʹ࣬Ǳˡ
˵Ķӣҵ֣һְԵǱΪ飬֮λ飬ңҪ飬Ҳĺ
ַ㿴ŵڵϵֺ㣬˵Ҫˣֻ
Ҫܣҿ֣Źҡֺоַϵ⣬Ȼ״˿Լʲô棬ֻŵ
Ҫʱôûַ֡㲻ٷϻ˺ֱֺϣʱֺҽһϲ԰ֽ
ϵΪڣķ
ַ˻֣ת뿪Զۿ侳ؾ޼ַ˺ݣԶԶıܿϵΪǱҪߵʹడ
ַ㣬㾹ȻΪ㲻úֺ񶾵һƬΪ˳׵׵ķúޣַ㸸ӣͬʱԼûжȼ֣ܷѾΪ侳ǿߣõѣܵӣֺ֪ȻְԵܷ׼һƺڣɱַ㡣
ϧΪƾԼͿŪַ㣬ŵľ棬ֺ㣬ް


0012 ַ
ݳǣּң򵥸ɾķ䵱Уֺһ񷢴
лһŮӣŮӷǳƯˮ˿˿鶯˾ȵǣŮϾȻһͷޣļͷַߣмģǳ죬ֻҪһ۾ͺǡ
κɣСڳˣ̳꣬Ҳ֪ζʲôȵ˱ѣͻĸŴôǿ츳
Ϊױȵ˫ֻ꣬ǿ𺳡
ֺվڻǰĿдһ顣
ҲΪˣҴûС˱ѺҾͻһУһ죬һ̤ʳǡ
ֺĿ͸ǿҵִţҲԥַһֱǰųַһͨˣȹһַϿϣţƾַ͸ִһԶбѡ

ַȻ֪ĸ׵飬̳еļжûκιĸ׵ѶϢֺûк˵֪Сʲôꡣ
ϵֺ㣬ַͻȻøɣ·ļһ⿪ˣҲΪǰġַ㡯һ˿ִʧˣϾǰġַ㡯Ǳֺɱġ
û뿪ַ׼ڷϿһǽϿ˶ΪսʹȥǱˣҲսġ
㡣뵽⣬һĮַ㳯ȥͿһˣȻݣľԡ
ַЩɻϴߣԷĿƺʶ˲࣬ӦþͺԼܿˣŮȻǺԼ£ܿû˹ꡣ
ϴαӵˣҿܡԷЦ£ӱȡһŹַĿ΢΢һһˣƣһȪеŮˣַǽּˣƵһǲҪ
ַ֪ʵһֱʹַ꣬һֱĸоԷļ
Զǿ󣬽ѷӣҪַתŲ̧ûκԥĳڷܶȥ
ЦһſĹŭХһ˵졣
ﬣһ죬ַ㱳ϵĳʡ
ˡ׽һַ־˿¶ӿǰʸ׽ףֱӽʸ
Ӱ
ûͣٷַֺ㼱ǰһǳɣ·ε
ƲֻӵһףʵҲǳˣŵڵڰˡ
ַ֪ҪһٺˣóȻҲһ˵ȵַһ֧ʸеĹٴſˣһεĹϣ֧
ټַӰͻȻߵֿ񱼶ȥƵǿ˿٣ȻȽҲҪʱ䣬ʱ䣬㹻ʸˣһξ뷢뷢ĻвǺܴġ
ַڿƹϴ֧ʸ͸ı˼ƻУἫӰʵķӣڿشԶӵߵƾܹӳǿս
һǵ͹侳ΪޣôöԸַаһûƱʵ侳ҲǿĴڣܹϢļϹԶǿֲġ
ַ㲢٣ֻҪƸҸ֣ʤһ
ߡЦһһңӵǿ
һǿҵΣӣַƵļҪˣеĽսҪ̤ˡ
¡һԵݺᣬȵΣдַǰĽŲӲֹס͵Ծ
䡣ַǰĵըһĽ۹֣Ǹղַǰһϡ
̧Ŀ⣬ַ㿴֮ˣɫִղһġ
ʦã㣬ҪҪҰˡ֮˸߸ϣĿַһۣ˵УַһֱϣͿֻҪƵͷ̾Ϳɱַ㣬ŽֹҲ޷Ϊַλ̫ࡣ
ŵӡַԷϵű־ͷһӵܣ˵־Ͷֻ֣ҪӦһͱնɱ
ƣҵ鲻Ҫܡеļûˡַ㣬ֻΪ׷ȴû˼ûж֣ΪǷʲô
꣬ƽҹڼϣַˣ´òҪңûĺˡ
˵꣬תߣûаͣ
ƣǺαءҡҡͷ漴Ҳȥδַһۡ
䡣һը촫ַǰһĽۡ
Сã´ҿŭƣұɱ㡣ƵԶ
ַվԭأһʹղǵǿĽǰըҲûһüͷ
ΪʵǿֻΪһȪƬ̣Ҫɱŵӣʵǿ󣬸ûκεɣֱӽնɱ̶ʱգַǳ׵ᵽʲôǿΪ
ƣ̤侳һ̣֮ʱַĿһ۵µۣĿһĹâ漴ת뿪ƾ츳һ죬̫Զ


0013 ̨ϣһ
ûмڷϿַͣϿϷ
վϿ¿ããϿȣǧл߱ܣսݣ׳⻹ַܼĿشϿȵļʮ֮һϿ˼ǧˣŵĵ̡
ΧϿ߶ַˣȻǺԼܿ
ַ㡣ܿҲַ㣬ɵúһ˷ܡ
ܿƯˡַ΢Ц佱ǰ˿̵ľܿϵȷһ˵ַӦפյЧ
ַܿĻһ죬ͷС
ַ㣬ܿƤǱˬʵַ㣬Ǳ׼ȥģû뵽ϡ
ңʲô𡣡ַʵ
ַ㣬ùԪûͻƣЩڴĿַ㣬һ侳ؾʱɱڤǣͻƺ϶ֲɡ
ţոͻƣءַЦЦ
ȻҾ˵Ɀ˶ͻƣ϶û⡣Цţܿ㣬һʱͻˣһֱûгӦͻҲԶˡ
ַ˵ͷȻΪ˴֣ΪȷҪȾܿǿһЩͻҲ
㻹û˵ʲôأ
ԴЩ˼ַһ
ַ㣬Ҳ侳ΪˣȥϿһΪҲֻбŰķݣæȻֻҪԷֲ̫ݣͲó֣Ƥ񡣡
Ц˵ַ˲׶Է˼ڼλѵõȻܾ¡
ʲôʱ򣿡ֱַʵ
죬׼ȥŪַûԥĴӦжַҲ˼֣һﲻʵ̬ûаǼҲûл˵Ҫ֪ںڷȡ޺˼󲿷ַַ֣һƽֶһı
УʱһСַˬĵϿȵ˶ѡߣϾͱս˶ˣӮ˵ˣ߾Ͳķˡ
ҲҪȥַ㣬Ҳñҡַܿ㶣漴ͺһ鶢žܿ
ʲôܿһۣĶŽŵ
ûʲôûʲôַЦţܿ¶Ů̬ͺЩ֣ǺܿǳղǾҪַúñôô˳
ȥҲУǿɵõ͵㡣ַ˼Ƭ̾͵˵ͷϿиڶ࣬ŵӣŵӶȽϹ°мڶŵӳַ֣ʵڷϿв̫ѡ
ϾżȻһǰʮĸ֣һǿߡ
ú˾Ͷ뿪ַصԼסķм߲ݵ췢ᶨ˱ǿġ
ڶһ磬ҵַ㣬漴һȥҾܿ
ƺڷǳĴ󣬵ŵӵסͷΪü
ַͺ;ܿԼõĵطֻ˿̵ľܿɫ̫ÿǰվһӣں;ܿ˵ʲô
ܿô£ַǰžܿһ
ûں;ܿ˵ʲôʸ졣;ܿ˵۾ַ˵ֺʶҲϵַ㡣
ַ㣬ˡܿӵַЦЦ
ţ߰ɡַĮɨһۣ漴;ܿһת뿪
ȵȣܿǰҪסܿ
ʲôַһӣԵľ˴лӳǿֱӽ侳ؾ˳ȥѪȻĿַ㡣
ַ㽫ֻԷŲδͣһ£ɫ࣬ʲôʱﾹȻǿˣ
Ǽһǲ֪ܿʲôˣַһ飬žܿʵ
Ļܿüͷ壬ַͺ˵ںڷп˾ʬ壬һ羰ѰҾ磬ԣвҡ
£ѹ־ܿɫ̫ÿˡ
Ҫ˳Ȼɡַ㵹û̫⣬˵
ûֻҪŵӣͲڶǣȻڷϿлǵСĵ㡣˵ͷ
ûйãӰ˳˷ϿУӰߣַǡ
ʱǽĵصһԣǳ൱ͨļʮ˼ˣɣȴΪι̣ܷ紵򲻶ɽڷϿв
£ȴûɫĻҲ֣治֪ôɵġ
ʱ߳һӰͬߣһַˣȻ̧Ųٵ뿪ַ˶¡
漴ַ˶˹һЦϿеʵһ㶼侳ػϣ໥ǿԷΪģһ£ַ˴һ飬˿ϿŹء
˭֪һǲŰ˵ģϾڷϿвټ
ǵ÷ֿˡַЦЦȻˣҪǺҪֻҪں濴žˡ


0014 ̨ϣ
ַܿߣ侳Ϊ̫ˣǴڷϿײĴڣʺ
ַ˼Ҳ⣬һֱַ߻Ļƨ֮·ؼҪԼ
ȻԳǰ˲ãһ˺ߣ¶֮˫͸˿˿ս⡣
ûзϻֱӳ˺ȭ
ºҪˣ侳ޡַЦ£ͬӶԷͷŵϢжϳΪûǽۼȭϣһȫȥ
һȭʮԷȴ˿С
侳أ㲻С˵Į˵һ漴ת뿪ԺʧȥȤŰ˵ȤЩ׷ˣȴŰˣרʵ൱ǱԼǿ˽֣ԼǱЧ
ȵȡǺ̤Ͽĵһսôô׾䣬ͷŶһɫĹ֣·ʹضΪһ壬ϢҲ
ꡣһ˿Ȥ漴źЦ꣬ȭԡ
˵粽˲ǰ
䣡ɫĹâţѪ
ǵѪƣ˷ɫԽԽ·Ϊһ塣
ǡѵ˰˲ԷҲ
ʹ졣˺һȭͷϿʼаɫĻâţѵСģҪʹ似ˡ
áӦһŲǰ̤ÿ̤һһ£һǿƱڶ
ơַĿ΢漴Цˣû뵽һսú˽ƣԴ֮֮꣬ơ
¡¡˫ȭײһƬ˵ӰûƬ̺Ӱ֣ڵأȴ˼
Ȼˡ֮ЦҲһ˿Ѫû뵽һǿ󣬾Ȼ˵ˣֵˣһսҲһ˿
˸ֱ뿪Ҳûȥź
Ȥˡַ;ܿߣԸղ˵Ҳһ˿⣬ӡ
ȻҲ֪·ʲôȻȥţںԣĵȴš
һ򣬺ѵã޶Ծǿģ󣬺ʵһɿַ;ܿЩĽһˣϿһսͶ
ʱ仺ĹȥʱͻȻһǿϢɢַ;ܿӺȻ
ǿ󣬸ԶŵĸоǶ𣿡ַаһһ;Ȼ嫣ڵŸո̤ѣ޷ЩԼɽصġ
ߣأ˲Ϣǧ겻Ǻεȵǿ󡣡ַ˿˿һ죬Ƿݾ
ַ˼֮ʱǰԶһӰŵ϶ĺЦһ
Եſռ䣬ֱӴַ˶С
ۣƺһһѪϢ
ͨ˫ԶӰһ㣬ܸоͲһ·ƿǹˣؼʱ̣˴ˣֱģ˫й룬Ѫ
޳ܡַ䣬վԶǵӰ˾ȻԺĶ޳ܡ
ǰһǵӰŭʵΪʲô
ûΪʲôѡ˲δߣһ飬ЦЦ˶ϵôˡ
棿ǰϵſȻԼղŵĶжѵãȴԷӲĴһˡ
ǺǣսϿвʹ죬뱨Ļȥ̨Ρƺ
áбһŭûκԥĴӦ
ҵ㡣һ̨ķȥ
ʵ㲢ðȻ̨ΣաַȰһ
ܹоΪһ侳ءĻشַ΢Щ죬ܹоԷΪ
Ҳ֪ô£Ҳܸо;ܿڵΪӦǸղŶԵʡַɻһ漴ȥ
ߡַЩȣ;ܿһ׷Ϻϣ˰ɣԷҲ侳ؾ磬ƾղźĶ򣬻ȡʤϣ
Ͽ̨λϿȵУʮƽ͹һƬ̨һΧһƬƽأҰΪ
˿̣Ӱ̨̤ΧȺ˲䣬ܶ˳߸
ȻϿ˷ǳ̨֮࣬ȴ٣Ͼһ̨ûشĳ˭ԸðȥشޣҪ˫Ϊ൱Ŷȥһս
ˣں̨̤ΧȺ࣬Χ̨ԹۿϿϷͬע⵽ߣ̨Ϣٶӡ
һ̨ƿءźЦסҪˣн
̨µַüԷĻͻȻһ˿ıζ
ϵңŭʵ
ٺ١ЦһͻȻһɱϢȵĻϢͬʱ󣬻Ӱ֣档
ȷ侳ءַܵϢ΢
ĴͬţŲǰ̤Ȼ죬ÿһ̤ŵƷ·ͻǿ󼸷֡
ơԵĳƷ籼ȴŲȻһ̤棬ɽȵɽȭ
ȭײ˵嶼ȵԭأ˭Ҳûռˡ
üû뵽ʵȻһ˿Цֻȥ赲ȴһѰɫķ۳۾ϡ
ȥɡ룬һȭںţֱӽ˳ȥ
ɡַһҪ̨ȥȴǰͻأĶһӰ
һ̨𼱣ϾֵˡĮ˵ݾܿĿ΢
ơ
һֿܿˣǱַƷ˵ˣһУȻʡ


0015 ̨ϣ
໡
ǰûдŹԷһȭںϣı֮ҽһ
˺ñ޳ܣ̨ǰѾðˡ̨ȺԽΧԽ࣬˵
̨սκֶζΪ˷
ַЩۻδţĮĶǰľƣÿ
侳ΪҲǰҲзݰɡЦһַ㡣
ܵɱģһͣ溫̨Ҳ̨뱨𡣡ŵеȻöԸһУַ˵
ţĿһ漴⣬ȵס֡
ƵĻֹͣ˶ԺĹվžơ
ȥºˡɶַ㣬ͷɱ⡣
˵ַӰ˸̨ϣֻ˿̵ĺѪ죬عǶѣ˫۾Ĩ£żѵ۾
ܲܳȥַźʵ
û£ˣұ𡣡һЦŻʹࡣ
ġַ㿴Цвζһ湻ġ
屧ַ㳯̨Եȥȴ˵֪ôɡ
ףһɱЦŻӦһĵ˵ͷ
һ̨ǵͲԼˣҪһɡƼַ㿴ԼƵĵ
𣿡ַ¶Ǹһ˿Ц̨ıԵ
ڴʱЯűѵϢ˹ȥ
ױһȥɡһоȻһűĻ棬ռ䶼յ÷ž졣
ȥʣ˸ռը쾪ףֱӽûڽϣڽؿһӣѪ졣
δ𡣡һѪַĽ䣬̨ϣַ㿴򽪻Уźεɱ⡣
𣿡ַЦһӳٱˣɱУ׷ɣصĵ̨ϡ
һӲס
׽죬˭Ȼ׽õ졣Ⱥ˽ַµס
ҲɫѿȻַĶ֣οѵõɱ˻ᣬɱˣ̨Ҳַֻܽˣֱɱˡ
᳤ַһӽԼſڵϲϵĺţ˿־塣
Ҳˣ䡣
䣿ַ·ЦЦҪ˺ʵԻὫͺһնɱԼܣһУ
ȥͻȻһɫķĩַ㣬Լĳ̨ȥ
ƣҡžƵķȥַ
һԵ̨棬ȴЦˣΪѾǰ
Ʋ̨Ԥ̨ûôˡ
ϧ̨ûɱĿһ̨Եַ㣬һ̨սʹֻ̨ҪڷϿַͿ׷ɱǣڣַɱ˽
𣿵̨̤һ̣Ҳ졣
䣬򾰺ơ
ЦһӭϾˡ
׽
ַӰ˳ٶը졣
Ƴʣ裬ͬǾ׽
ˣҹ׹ַ˳ɽͻ˷£δ˳
üͷһû뵽ַ似Ȼǿ˹׽޿ײ룬ÿһ㣬赲ʱԵ˳ӦӲϾĽŲҲ˼
ȵƻַĹȴԼѾ˽棬ַĳָŽ
˵˭侳ؾ羹Ȼƾ˺;׽˾ƣȻǼҲԺˡ
ŵڵʵȺ׽¯࣬û뵽ھ׽˿ȾҪܽƱˡ
Χ۵Ⱥ˽ַֻ侳ΪȴжĴڣ侳صֶ֣£ַȴӲĽƱ˿ýС
Χ۷׷ףƵɫѿޱȣŵǷǳ󣬴˿Ǳַ㵱Ⱥ˦һ⡣
ɱԣĿɭַеĽ
Źҡţĵ
Ź㣿±ӣҲҪ۾һһѪ˲Ϣ
еȺһȴһƻϢţ̹ǣַ㾹ֱĻɱ˿ƺˣַɱɱŹַ㣬ȻˣַĻ
ɹŭң㲻ɱ㣬ҲҪá񶾵ĻӾƵ³ȺַҪùˣ׵ļŭ˾ƣ˲ҲҪУϧַһʵŵǰʮľƣûΪַܹѡ
ܿŵúҪסϧʵ̫ˣﲻæ¾һܽ
˵ע£ַĬת漴ַٶȿǶĸ̨̨
ڸʲôȺַ㾹̨ɵ㶡
ַ̨УȻתľƣĮ˵ɡ
һ̣ռžַ㣬̨սŵеľơ


0016 һķ
ַ㣬һߵĲ֪侳Ϊŵӣ似Լ׽
ƣ侳۷ΪʵԽŵӣڵԻ͵սǵ˶侳ޡ
ȫԵȵʵȻַ㵱˾ƣɱ˾ƱĽ˾һ⣬͵˵ȴַܾŭʱַ̨̤ĿһУսơ
Ҳ֪ƲŹˮһսɡȺаϾַֻ侳ޣ;Ƶʵ̫
ֻ˿̵ľɫһһ󣬳裬Դ̤ƺ𣬻δܹյĳ衣
Ȼҳȫ㡣ƶַ֮ǣַľ׽ףַûƭһǴɱġ
ַ㣬ɱܵܣܳ衣
̨̤һǿĽŶھƵһõĽӰŭָ񷣬Ľꡣ
ƾȻֱʹ꣬ҪĻɱԷ
Ⱥ׾Ƶͼ֤ǿʵ
ɣƳֽнҵķ緶
ַǸһĨЦӰеĳӰЩӰڵﾰǰ֮ʱֻΪһը죬
ǿȻ׽˾硣˺Ȼȫ뱬жǿ
еʧһˡ
״˷Ӱ֣ǿı޷ͻƾƵĽӰ벽
һһ
ַĿⲻңôļᶨϽˮ಻ڶſԵŭ̶
ֻزӰˮĻ׼ӭһй
ȻڴʱַԵһﾰǰ֮ʱַսͻȻɿһ𣬺Хǰͻ˾ƵĽĻ
ڸʲô
˿һסˣַһȫעڽϣǿһýͻƾƵķǾƵһʧȥˣֱǰ׳յĴ򷨡
ڶݵʧҲЦˣȻ
΢ˣƳһգǰһƬӰ
ȻַеĽŭ֮ҲͬʱˣٵĳžƷܶȥ⡣
ƿַ˿ţȻµͬʱַĽҲˣַˣȴˡ
һ̳ƿգַѾʧȥ˽ҪôҲˣһҪַ
ʱȴַз֣ܼ򵥵֣ˡ
£·ǺӦһ绮Ⱥ貵Ĺ⻪Ⱥͫ׵Уֻһʧ
ƺ䶯£ƺ˹ֵĺ壬һ֣룬ˡ

仰Ǵַ˵ģ˿̵žƣ󣬵ڼžĿռȺµͬʱƵ壬Ȼ¡
˵۾Բ¶ŵɫƣˣ
ַ㣬ôģ
νΧۿȺвӵܣǿ˸ղǵ磬ǽ⣬ֻΪ⽣̫ˣԾһ绮գܶûпʲô
ȺͻȻը˹˶۸ղƿյһ
ŵеľƣַܣܵĽ
˭
ͷʣԽսԽս侳еٮٮ߾ƣַǸţһսƺڡ
ʱϿȵϷͬ۸ղַһ
һ俿Ͽȵĸ¥һλ˵¶˿˿Ц⣬ԭСӣѹָνСһ츳ܸ߰
ǳػߣϿŵ֮أһ̶ϷӦƺڵӵʵϾ֮û뵽Ϳ̨ϵһĻַʹõ͵ģô᲻ַ֪˭
ˡܿԼ֮⣬һϵַ㣬ǹþвַܿһлˣҵ˾ƣסַ˴ŵڷϿϷѰҵַˣȻ¼ıҪַء
ַ㾹ȻƶɱˣɵͷȻ͵͵ߡ
ߣǲ˵㡣ַע⵽˶ھĹԷҪ˵һ
ĽŲһֻͣ
ĽŲתһ˿ȿ޻ҪѿЦݡ
£ʲôû
𣿡ַЦɱΡ
ǷϿ̨оַɱ⣬
ַ֪㵭Į˵һ˳ֱӺڹϣûзԷƶɱˣ
ֽȻع»ص̨ϣڵϣ˳㽫ϵĳļ
ڣ̨ˡ
ȺĿٶסĿַ㣬һݡ
ԼģƻŹأƻŹءû뵽ַ־ٶĿ־
һţȻֹ
й𣿡
ַ仰ȴû˵
йصĻƸֱüɱйصĻŵƣӳǱɱһأԶģֻΪ趨ʵ㹻ǿ츳㹻ߣԣЩأͲǹء
ַɱ֮ˣ෴ǰ磬ɱ磬ҪɱΪǲɵɣûɣַףһǿߵ硢Į磬ˣЩҪˣĻɱ֮㲻ɱˣҪɱ㡣
̧ŲַǰֻһЦһֱ
ҲšַͬЦˣ漴ϣžܿʹ˸˵Ŀ뿪


0017 ӹľ
ķַ;ܿüͷţ۾гһߡ
ƺءַ鿴ºƣ˵߻ָǿ˵̫أعǶ˲֪٣ҪҸԭܡ
û£ҴСӲˡǺֹۣЦš
һΪأַ˺һۣĿ㿪ҿַ۾ûʹѵԺһͨ˶磿
ַ㣬ȥڷ룬ɱȻ޺ŻһЩҩַܿ㣬˵ƺŵӣŵӺ֮࣬ţվ޷õӣֻṩһƽ̨й似֮أɳֻе̤ţܹϵƺˣǸͲָŻ޳
ûã̫أһĵҩʹκҲºַ֢ҡҡͷ
ô죿
ַͻȻվȻתȥ
ȥǵ£һĮ漴ַ߳˷䣬ܿ£Լץġ
¶ɵЦ۽ǵЦȴ·ʪģǵ£Ҳַֻһ룬Ҹ
ǵ£ƺʥĵط֮һ֮Ͽֻ̨졣
ϷϿ̨֮Ȼ٣ÿһʱ䶼Уǵ£˸̤ϣʹ˸ȥҲЩ׷աţƺڣֻǵ֪֮ǵµʲô
˶˵ԣֻҪͨǵµĿ飬ܵӣõҪıʧܣҲǳء
ƺھ֮ϣһʯйǵµͨ
ʱַ˾֮µͨڡ
ƺŵַ㣬Ҫǰǵ¡վͨڣַͨں
˳ͨɽڣصϨƬ̣һ

ǡַӦһ漴ͨڡ
ͨԻ谵Եʯڵһͼַ㳯ǰһȥʱһʯС
ʯһʯһһ̨һΪªķ䣬˿̵ʯϣһλߣ۾һ
ȥǵ£ߵ۾ɱţȻ
ǡַص
Ϊʲôȥ
ˣعǶ˲٣ҲҪܹơûиõĵҩַ̹Ȼ
۾Ŀ·Ŷ֮Ҫַ㿴͸
ҩУ侳ΪҪͨǵµĿѣͷŸҿ
ַ˵ͷСӰ֣δڰҲͷų
ţüͷ΢壬ļʶν㣬ȴ֪һ꣬߷ߣ̫СˣûаҰϢ
ͨϽȥɡһָķӵкܶͨͨͬĿ֮ء
лǰַͷȻָͨ
ַͨ΢΢ҡͷ侳ΪҲ̫СҪͨǵµĿ鼸ܣַָͨͨһӹľڣɱҲǿģַʱ˳Ѷȣȴġ
ַΪѵķϲΪ̫صˣѡַУַ֪Ѷˡ
ӹľڣӹ֮ѾδҲζţѾаûܹͨͨĿ顣
ַͨУڻ谵ͨĽݣͨϷ̤˽ǧݣַһʯԣַ㿿֮ʱʯŴſ
档ַ㰵һǰľȻ
µĿ˱Ƕַʯţ˵ؾһ¾أ֮ڿУһ˿⡣
֮ϣŰŵӹģЩַǰս֮ʱôսģӹĽһƬյΧм䡣
¡ʯԶرգַתֻʯϿһĴ֡
ֻҪӹĵһӹ֮ͨ飿ַ㿴Ȼӹĵмյء
֪ӹʲôȻֻҪһӹľͨ
ȡַŲһһȭһӹ֮
ˡһ촫һ޵ĲƴӹͷţַϣַŲ΢ˡ
ţüͷһַŲٶȿȭϵصǧ
ˡˣǿҵ֮ɢĲƻʵʣǿء
䣡һɼΪԵĲַϣֱַӷ
ȿȡڵأַһ˿ѪͷȻ
ǡˣ
ַͫһâղϵǾ˵ԶԶǿĵӹģܹҷ֮ʱɱ
ӹôз֮
ַûмĿ¶˼ɫζֻ˵ûӹӦʹõԽǿܵĹǿƺһᡣ
ԣȻǿ϶ͨİ취ֻûҵѣң֪ΪҲǿӦѡ򵥵Ŀ飬򵥵Ŀ鶼ˣ̸
ַĿᶨӵվ˿̵ȫ˺ߵ⣬Ⲣ򵥵Ŀ飬ѵĿ飬ϣܹ֪Ѷˣȴû뵽ִŵ־
ڰꡣַһڰͷŶʱĿʹúڰ£еȫԡ
ը죬һӹ֮ϡ
ݡ
ǣ
Х֮ըľ׻һ飬˶ַ㳤һ㽣Ľǰ赲Ƿصķâ
ͣƣַһѪԤϵǰ㣬صĽĽҪǿʹȫˡ
͵ĥɡַ㲢δһӳһӹ֮ϡ


0018 ǿƶ
ӹľڣۣ֮ХݺɨϵĿռ䶼üΪĿ񱩣˷Ľ֮Ϣ
ڰӹΧɵĿռڣȫХĽû뾪ϵĴ·콣֮¡
ַԼ˶ٽܣһŰɫĽ֮ĻУӰӹϻصǿ򲻶ϵĺڹĻ֮ϣ˿̵ַ㣬ȫǴСС˿ڡ
˿̵ȴ·һУֻǳĽУءٷء
ڴ˵ĻᾪһﲻҪˣĽձ£̾ͻٶӹĻӳ֮Ȼٳܰӹͬʱŵ˫ѭ֮£ֻнֹ
ûַ˿̷ǳѣȻΣգͬԼĽжǰվ׽ΪԼѾ쵽£˿̵ȴֽûм£ǿǿ
һʼֻǳһʵһӹģȻ󹥻桢棬ֱͬʱӹģԽԽǿķ֮ԲͻᱻˣĽҲ𽥱ǿ
漴ֳַżǿ㡢߲ʵÿΪԼļޣ֣޻мޣ߲㹥ͬʱӹģŰ˵Խȫʵķܹ֮ǿ
źǣӹģֻǷ֮û

Ͽ̨ΧΧȺ
׷ʲô°϶ˡȺ̨ϵһӰͷɻ
ǳʦ֣ǰǿӣΪһлŵӣ̤ţô
Ǻǣʲôûпʦֶ𡣡
ʲô˵ʦ֣
ȺһƬӣ۷׷ףƺڵ󣬾˵ŵǿһˣɽƺڿ˵û˲֪ĵӵһˣҲ˵ƺеǿһˣ˵ɽʵѾԽųϡ
һǿݳ˲
ԶգһƷֻһֱչò䡣
ˡ̨ϵһĿ⿴зӰһ
ٶ죬˲ϢǰƺڵȺǻȻһƬ˷
찡ǾȻˣˣڴлһƯŮˡ
Ⱥֻоӿ죬նУһŮӣô𺳵Ļ棬ЩŵӶԳ̫ǿˡ
Ǹøλõˡһֱ̨ϣٶȿ쵽˼飬Ⱥſ壬Ǵһ꣬˫ſĴһ꣬Ŀ⿡
ᣬ꣬ǿ꣬ʵôôǿ
ȵȣ˵ںĵӵһ˴Ǵܹգޱǿѵǡ
ӹȻ鴫Ṧ˫һ˾ȻҲնСƺڳĪаЦһԭڵһӳչǰƺڽӵһţǳչд˵Ҫʶһƺڵӣֱָ̨ⲻԶսġ
չ˳Ϊӣѩ¹Ǽʢλѩ¹˴ӵʵǿ˵ƺڵʤɽҲ֣ƺڲԸŵչһս˶սţƺֻӲͷƤ
Ϲˣλʦܷǰ侳磬˴ǰΪʦã˵ƺڵӶʵǿҪʶһϣܹȫΪ൱ĵӺʦдһ
չһߵŮʼЦݡ
ĪаչһһɿնȻбԷȴƺڡ
ǣȥܷдһǰ̤侳ʱһлŵӣΪ侳һ۷壬սʤܷƺ侳һΪĵӾͶʤ˶Էˡ
ǣϡǵͷ̨룬ܷվĶ档
ʦãҪˡǵͷţʱһʯʸǵϣʯ˰㡣
ǳʦֵʯ̬꣬Ҳǳǿʦֿ϶ʤ˼ʹʯʱġ
Ȼ·ʯǵٶȴɺܿ죬˲Ϣܷ֮ǰޱȵʯ֮ȭܷúܶ˶ЩΪܷġ
ܷȵһɺӶȻǵʯȭסˣóֻоȭͷأΪ׾
˿ܷ˫ֱס˳ǵȭͷ̼亮Ӷϣգۼʯֱٶȸһ˪ǵ嶼бסơ
ıĪаһӵ꣬ͬڲͬʹóȴͬ߱ʵԼĹ似أͬ츳йء
ĪаҲĳǣϾӵʯ꣬ǿ
𡣡ܷٶȵʱһɳȵϢǵϣǺ֮һգʯ˲ѣֻǲҽһ漴˱㿴˳ȥ
𡣡ĪаĿһâͷͲͬԴ꣬һͬԴꡣ
ܷʦʵҰˡǵͷ˵Īа棬ȺȻˣȻˡ
ǰսټƺѡһ˾Ȼֻϻġ
չǴЦݣɨһۣǺǣƺһ˶ʵȻǷʦڿͬٮٮߣʤ
ĳҲʶһƺڵӵܣΪһҪϳȫд¾ȷһߣԺ̸
£ĪаɫЩʵ
ʦöĶַ㣬Ŀ𳤣賤ҼΪ񣬴ֵͬܣƺڵŵӣϣܽңƺҲмֵӰɡ
Īа⻰˲˹ǳչĿİɣչֱ֪ƺҪƺڶȻͬ⣬Ͼƺ棬չȴܴܷܳǣȴϸƺӡ
ȻĪаӦչ³չͲô˵ˡ
չܷ˼ȻĻҲΪƺһˣͬԴ꣬ȷһŵӣ߱ǡĪа˲˾ϣԸ˵ȥַ
ĪаĻչЦˣܷһ˿⡣
ַ㣬֪Ͽ֮¡
˿̵ĽƣÿһҪڰͷŵ£ַ㽫׽ʩչĵزĽһɫĹȦ׵ը˺ѿռĽӦΪֲ
ңʱַûκαȫʵϺӹġ


0019 δӹ֮
ַ㽫ڰͷŵ£Ѿˮ͸Ҫס
̫ǿˣɽͨ쳹أ뷢˺֮׵ը춼ûˡ
ַʩͬʱͷҲޱȣӰǿѾ޷Ԥĵز˿̵ֻͣҪһͣͻᱻ⽣˺ѳɷ飬ַԼδ뵽ľ档
ôôǿַԺٵתţЩǿĽԶԶƾʵܹͷŵģ¾侳ǿҲ޷ֵزɡ
ʩչ׽ʼһһۣԽԽǿŵĵزַжͣаԵ
⽣Ѿһƣ֮ƣ֮ơ
Ȼֻ侳ΪȻÿ̤һ·Ϊһ壬ǽ֮ƣΪƣܹ侳֮ȭһԷˡ
ַͻȻ뵽侳֮˵սһ˿ΪΪǴܹ֮꣬ƣ˿ַ㷢Լƺˣơ޴ڣ˿̣ѳƣ赲
УԾ˺ӹģӹı㷴˵ĹԾ׽ӹ֮ʱӹı㷴׽
Ҫ֪ӹıûйˣΪ˾˵ƣ׽ǽ˾׽֮ơ
ƣַϸһ˿Цݣжһ䣬صĽٶȱƮݣƵᡣ

Ͽ̨Ӱɿն
ƺӵȫĿһ࣬омֽ֮⣬ͬʱͷ𾪣ڴӲΪѩ¹˴֮һȻʹ϶ˡ
ϡһ빪ӭƺλͷ
չϹĪϡչǰһ΢΢ǷɺЦ
ɺáϹųչͷʾ⣬վȴʦȡ
Ϲ費Ϊƺʵ仹Ҹףһսǿѹʵͬ졣չƽȴҲԳԾϹƺڰܳĵӣʮƺ֮λ
ϹҸܺãʱϹʺáչĸ
Ϲ΢΢ͷ漴õĵĪаԶΪͣôվڴ˵ء
ΪƺŵַĪа֪Ϲ軰к壬˵չ⡣
ΪŵӶϹüͷ΢壬ȴչ˵Ϲַʦö֮ӣĿ𳤣ԼõܣԼ󲮣Ҳʦõĸףʦÿǰ¡
չһ֮Ҳ̫ûֱҪϹ轫˽ί˵Ϲʲôˣ˿ܲ龭
ĪаôģϹʵ
ĪаûֱӻشϹʻ͵͵һϹվŵĴϡ
Ŀ𳤡治Ҵ㽫š
ĪаӦϾֱ˵ַ㽻չϹ費ãô˵ַڻƺڵˣ⽻ڵ˴ã˵ţ֮¾ƺ޹ˣĪа⻰ν
Ϲüͷ΢΢һȻ֪Īаʲô˼
оƺҲǻĪаҲΪſǡĪڵ
Χ֮жѩޱȣַˣĪҲƺִϣλߣҲųĪаףô˵ˣַĺ
ŵӡϹеһаҡͷͬĪаĪΪƺԪϣȻΪһλŵӶɨĪӣַֻˡ
ϹҪͬ⣬ȴڴʱ
ﬡһԶԶĺĳӣͷ
ȺĿ΢ɻ󲻽⣬ѰԴƺϹ裬ͷ͵һһޱȵľâǡӹ֮
ĪͬޱȣĿһһţĿ⳯Ǿйȥһʯڣϵӹ֮Ѿаδ
ﬡһӹ֮죬¡
ǣڶϹ֮ɫһţ漴¶һ˿Цݣ츳ǿļλŵӶӹ֮죬ƺһλɾ֮
Ϲ豾ΪչԵ鲢ǺܺãټƺھһܹͶԷ⣬ʵڲ£Ȼ˿̵ϹͷȴЩ˷ܣˣǾ֮ӹģʹδһȻһ죬֤ӹ֮
֪λӣܹͨӹľڵĿ顣Ϲаһ˼ӹĵ˭ߵƺˡ
ﬡӹ֮ƺڵϿգһ̣ƺ˵Ŀⶼǵ·򣬲ӵֻ֪ܶӹ֮Ǵﴫƺڵĸ߲ȴΨӹľڵŻ˵Զġ
ϹҲǵµķӹģȻ˵׷ƺǧʷƺҲֻǰӹ֮ɣ
Ϲ賤³һһ˿ϲ֮ɫƺƺŵ


0020 ֮
ӹľڴƺڵǰδеģΪӹ֮֮ʱһӹֻ֮ᴫݶ
ߵӹ֮֮ƺһƬΨʥòϢ
ƺڵȺһĸо·ؼֻʣӹ֮֮ƣƺڡ
Ϲ踺ֶǵµķ򣬳΢ҡڣΧĪĪаƺڵӣǳչԼܷͬǷ򣬸һλõĸоƺڣʥ
ǵ£·ʯ֮УվǣͷϷĿдżׯϡ¡
ػǵ£ƺڣ֪ĴڣȻʹϹҲҪĺһϡ
ַ㲻侳ΪƺҲСѵĿ飬ӹľڣϣַܹ֪Ѷˣû뵽ǣַƾСΪȴ˾ڵӹ֮
ÿ𾪵ǣӹ֮һһԶ೤ƺڵ֣˿̣Ѿ˵
ƺڵǧʷϣδ˴漣
Ųƶ̤ǰӹľڵͨУ˳ͨĽݣһϣµɫ·ڵȴڰ˵ӹ֮졣
˿̣֮ϣݺᣬ˿̵ĽѾŰַеĳָҡ
ƣ򣬼һСַϴ˿˿Ц⣬ӹļΪƺΨнƴƣѹӹķ֮Ƶǿܹ죬˿ַһ֮ƣñȷ֮ƸǿĽƹŽ
Ѿ˵ӹģټһ棬ǰӦͨӹľڵĿɡַаһΪǵ򵥵Ŀ顣
ɱĽΪһ壬ڳźâ
졣һһ貵⣬һӹġ
ﬣڰ˵ӹ֮ƺڵϿգòϢַʧֱһƨȥȻڵϡ
Ӧÿõҩƺˡþ˻ַȴ¶һ˿õЦ⡣
¡¡ֻʯſ߳һӰȻǺߡ
ַʵǰͨǷܹõҪĵҩ
ϿַиɾЦ£漴δľһַԼûʶԼʲôҪĲǰ޹˵һŵҩѵơ
Ȼԡߵ˵ͷȡһƿҩӸַһЩ˵ĵһѵˣģԼţԺܹҲ˵
лǰַЩ⣬պߵĻ⣬һŵҩ㹻ƺƣôⵤҩ̶Զ׼Էȴһƿַ㵹ҲûлɺߵĻƾԷʵҪֶƭ
ͨӦõģҪסǣͨӹľڿ鲻Ҫκ𡣡һַ侳Ϊ˰ӹģַģƺʷַ츳ӹɣϿɲϣַ㱻˶ϡ
ѩ¹Űɱ츳ȴδɳ֮£ƺ٣յַƺɻΪһЩҪɱĶ
áַȻԼôǺ⣬Ȼ˵ͷ
̧ͷԶͷȥɡ
ַ㶣¾ڣֻʣɽڣȻͿ˵
ãϹذɡɽһַͷ漴ͿһڵٿԾ£ڵӵһ˫޴˫ѩ׵λ˫Ǻ֮
ǿܹɣնУû뵽ƺھǿߡַĳ漴еһ쫷ɨЩ޷վȡ
ɳ֮Ӱھ֮ϣַͫ΢΢һ
ֵӰַʶǳظˣ˿̵ظﻹаǷģо˸֮ǡ
ػǳ˹ȻǱѰʱַӼᶨԼĲ²⡣
Сӣһ£Ϲƺػ֮һϾУңһػԽұϡ˵ƺĺãػߣڵĵλǱѰҲҪͿ
ܹΪػߵǶŵҲԶܹģУΨţַǽӹģܲġ
ϡϡַ΢΢һЦλػߣӦŶĴڰɡ
ϳĬŵͷ漴תʯȥƬ̺ʯſϵӰû˺ڰС
Ϲƶ棬ѵ˵һ仰ѾĮϰˡҡҡͷַҲ߰ɡ
֮Ӱٶȸ֣ռ仮һ쫷磬ַֻԼڿն𣬿Žµޣַλõĸоǰһ˭Լܹ֮ﰿա
Ȼھ½ǿȴܹ߰ء


0021 ʳ
Ϊ˲ע⣬ϽַŵӾס֮صĺɽֵС
̧Ųַ̾ͳźסȥھԼʱûлͷһۡ
ַ㡣
ʱһַعͷһֻԼסķ侹ȻŴţǰһпڷ֮ϡ
һĻַͫ΢Щ̣ÿһλŵӵ˽֮أû뵽ö֮ÿסأɢĴķУҪʲôأ
㲻֪й涨Խ˷䵱𣿡ַԴĮļǰˣ죬ŵʮͬʱҲִߣΪַŻϵҲʶַ㡣
ƺڣĪΪϣλߣִ棬ִԱЩִԱ鲼ƺڣкִߡִԼִߣ죬ִеһλ
ƽԼǿʵԼִߵݣѹŵӣַû뵽һ˴˹֣˽ԴԼ䵱У֪
ҵȻַ֪涨ͲҪˡûַһۣиͿַ侳ؾġ
Уڸһ˰ɡֵ
ûաַ̧Ųڻˣĵҩں졭ȼˡ
ţַûɵ£漴һ⣬Ӱ˲ԭʧ
һɰԵ紵ַǰһӰǺ졣
Լ⣬ǼַüͷˣǷû档
ųҪ㣬ҲȥϷʵĿַ㣬ƺڵȴԷ
ҪңַЩȣѵΪӹľ֮£ԣԼҪ鴫ȥȻҲᣬ֪ˣҲȻúԼңʱҲԡ
ȻǳҲԼַҲûоܾĵ
Ƭ̣ϻַӺ߹ú£һҪȻҪԼȣ治֪뵽ַ㼴ٵˣҲͲַƽʱˡ
ַܿ˺ķУ˵ȡŵҩֱӹ˺У漴һԵȺš
ַ㣬ȥǵ£ܿɻĿַ㡣
˵ͷַ㲻ƭܿ뵽ϵĻҲûп˵ʲô
ܿȴͷַĿɣһȥǵ£ʹ˵ҩܿͨǵµĿ顣
ܵһ˫ַ㣬û˵κθмĻļһһů
ַ㡣̶̼յദ֣ȴѿ˺
һɱ˾һȥеԽԼ޺ǷΪѳһŭնɱ;ƣΪ˾ǵ¡
ûйƬ̣ԵĸоԼڼٵĻָعû˺ѵʹֻЩĸо·Ϲ㡣
ܿҲ˺ı仯ϵܿͻָ˽ɫþܿ죬ǿҩЧ
ȻҩַȻҲ˺ı仯¶ɵЦݡ
ָһһҪͲˡ
ַ˵һֽҩƿȡŵҩ֣Ȼ󽻸ܿܿæտûȫõĻͼⵤҩ
ãַ㣬İɡܿӹַеĵҩӦַ뿪ߡ
Ͽַ̨ں󣬿Χӵܣ֪ߵ׷ʲô£Ȼ˶ڴˡ
УλҪԼΪ£
Īϣַˡַ̨ǰ̨֮˹ĵ
ϹʹĪ
ַͫ΢΢û뵽ҪԼ˾ҪĿһɨַֿ˳չԼߵܷʱܷһЦĿ
ô
ַ㣬֪һĮѹַϣĪаİַͫ㡣
ϣҲסַͷһĪаΪųʵǿֻͨѹҲַ㲻̫ܡ
ףΪӵܣ𱰣ֵܣ賤ƺڳ衢࣬ƺ档ĪаʵַϾͬ⽫ַ㽻չõģΪһӵܶѣ˻ʣȴӵĵ
ΪԼŵӽ˴õΪֻýַĨȻƺڡ
衢࣬ƺ棿⻰ַ۾΢΢𣬿һܷһЩǣĪаΪƺڳϣΪλվܷһߣȻַֻӵܣϾƺˡ
Ϊβ˵𣿡ĪаַĬ˵һ
ϣһѾҶһŵӣ΢ᣬ㽻Ҳҳݣ˵𣿡ַƽ˵к̡
Īаȵû뵽ַﾹ˷ƵĻȴẈ̂ʾⳤϿŵӣҶ
Ϊƺڳϣ£֪ڸģ϶Ҷײַ㣬֪
Ҳ˵˵飬ҿ˵ҽƱ綥ײַ㶷ҪʳһʲôΪ˭£ַкâʢ˵ģ
һĪа͸𱰵İ࣬ȻַףԷԼԼֺã࿹ͬȻˣ
ƺȺַĿֱĪа˿ܡ


0022 һ
һôĵӣ˵
֪ķӣǻòͷˡ
ȺֹȻûϵַ㾹Ȼô󵨣ųϡ
ھ½Ŷʢǿһң绽֮꣬ڣңȼҲΪɭϣŵӣȻŵӺĵӣϣŵųϡųϡ
ַ㣬һŵӶѣĪаĵλ֪٣˵ĪаҪҪ͵
ĪаޱȣַȻ˵˲˵Ļ
죬ײųϣĪаַ㣬Ŀⶼƶһ¡
ϣţȷϵΪšô᲻Īа˼ûܷŹ
ϣΪַ֮ʵ治Ӧ÷ϵΪƺڡ
ãΪòףŰɣһۣȻűɡĪаĵ
öַаޣĪаԩ޳𣬵Էһ͸ΣҪţһ𣬿ܷͲŹԼȻҪġ
ʵҲַǰ㣬Ǹ֡
Ϊû㹻ʵ츳Ҳסַ磬һУֻԼͱڣųϣҪֱۣţϵĪе
ַ㿴һϹ裬ڻûпڣһжصء
еһжҪʵ츳˵ʵǿǾͽ츳չ¶ַתʵڲо˵ӹľ֮¡
ӹȫ֮ʱλŻȥ˶ĿַٱҲףͨĿ鲢տʼǼ򵥵Ŀ顣
ʱѾַǰĿţźʹ϶ڿЩţҲм˿˷ܣչԼĺûᰡ
Զһ۰ɣʵ̫࣬Ҳм֡˵
ַ㿴˸ҡͷ־˲ᣬŵʮˣˡ
ְɡַ㽫ϳγȵģƽվԭأв
ǺǣȻˣҾͶˡ쵱Ȼַ֪㲻ԶֱۣղŲַԼѡ

ͺһӰ˲ʧԭأ£ٶȿ硣
ʦŵʮĸ֣Ṧ˫ַܹġ
һﾹվ˰ȣȡˡ
ȺӰƮʱŵкڵʮľṦʹЩǰŵӶһܹ˵졣
Īа¶һ˿ЦݣʵǿˣϣŴܹǰ壬ΪӵҲӡ
ںܲܶԸַ㣬Īаûпǵģ侳Ϊѣں߲С
ڳȺĵУҲַֻԼԼֳֻֽɽźû׽Ӱ
ʱһɺХľ紵ַϵε죬ҲȫƮӰڴ˿ͻȻʧ
ˣʦֺøṦ
սδʼȺѾ˶ۡ
ַֻ۾ϣĸԷһȫֹͣΨĸо׽ƮӰ
ַеĽͻȻˣ硢ǽ֮켣ŷƮݡ
ϡԵĺַͷϿմŶģһɾ޴ѹ֮

ַһ֣˸漴˱㿴Ѫ
һ̶İ֮쳹ռ䣬Ⱥ˼ĿǰһĻ
죬ûַܻ㣬ˣַһնһֱۡ
ôᣬַôģŵо˵ַ֮˸ˣַ㣬һն˺ֱۡ
ЩŵûпַģŵϵȴˣַһƽƷ磬綯·նϺֱ۵ĲǽǷ硣
ڷУǳ׽𣿡Ϲһβˣַ򵥵һ̫ƯˣԳΪûһֶߣһϱַۣƵĽַҪĻһҲˡ
ַ㵱Ȼûڷе似ֻھ֮ϣ콣ƣнơзƣղֻǹɷƣУͺƽڷУһƵС
ѵƣϹ뵽һֿܣ漴Լֲַ²⣬ַ㲻侳Ϊôܹơ
˵侳侳ǿߣҲֻһЩܹ򶡵ƣ侳ǿҪƣǽ꣬ȥƣ޷ãַղ궼ûͷš
ȻǿһЩѹǰ񣬲ҶԣǷз֮աַܷһնϺֱа侳ǿߣ껹˱ѣͬԴַССķܹȵġ
Īа˿̵ɫǳѿúֱַۣȴ챻ַһϱۣ˦һ⣬ӣҪ
ַȻû˵Ŀ⣬ƽʣַɨһ۹ڵصĺ죬ް
ŵʮˣмҳַ֣㳰治ףĽƾʲô


0023 ֲӰ
һֻűնϵֱۣѪϴëȻԵüΪֲ
áɭĶַ㣬˿ɲΪַлʵһַˣӽʱ޷ֿһ̣Ǻô룬ŵбͬ뷨кܶ࣬ǿɲŷַһܺ졣
ãַһ㶣漴ЦЦҲɡ
һΣҲٸᡣŲɺȺȥնһ۵ˣҪơ
ϣûһΡַҡͷܸôܵĶ͸Ϊ̫ãԣԺҲʤ
ִ֮˶ˣûƺˡĪаǸַһ
ĪаַЦ֮λ޴ǣ˼ǲҪϵֱۣȻƺڲƺڣѵòⱾͺܿЦ𣬳ϣ
ַ㽫ҧرأҪֱˣﻹҪƺڣַʵЩĪаֻ˵ڡ
ҿΪԼ˵仰𣿡ַûٿĪаӵоȨˣϹ衣
ϹĿ¶һ˿ȤɫַȷʵܸȤʼնƽ̹ȻޣҪԡ
˵Ϲͷ
ұٻ˵أϸҶ˵Ҵ治Űࡣҿڱ⣬ң˵ҶײϣֱۣţʣŶǷǳ˵ִǷһ˵Ļʹ֮
ַԴǴ³Ⱥһˡ
󵨡ǿϢַĪа޲ַ̽㵱ɱ
Ҳ󵨣ҪϣţΪβһأҵҪʳϣҵӺζַȻ壬Īа
ֵܣ賤𣿡ܷһ
ԭˡַЦϸҶ˵ġ
ΣĪаɱԽԽŪܷͳչԸַ㣬Ҫַ
ǺǣϼȻϣҵ뵱ʳϣĻ͸Ҷȴұ⣬ƺڵĳϣڵĳϣ
øļһų϶裬ھͷΪŻĪаѾ޿ַ̣˵ȥĻⳤϵӢͳױˡ
ǷǹģֻһŵӣҪֻ趯ֱǣЩĪеַ˵֮ʱĿȴһֱϹ衣
ϹֹĪа㻹ƺڵӣϹĪа㽫ӹľ֮˵ʱգҲƺڵӣңҺҪţַûūԵ˼롣
һУϹһ֮䡣
ĪаŲԽԽ
Ϲע⵽ַĿ⣬ַͬ㡣
־㣬Σ治ɫټ츳ܹ֮ţΪӵܡ
ĪаΪųϣɾͲ츳ԺȻ֮ȣϾųϣңĪ֮ӡ
Ϲһ˲뵽࣬Ϊһ֮κҪףȥţȥ
Ȼ֪´ĪаֹĪа͵Īа棬ĪаĴ٣ңҲò˼ĪӣϾĪŴϣΪƺº͡
֮ȣһǱַ㣬ԵЩ΢
ϹĳĬַԳһЦԼ֪ǻŵʮĺѣֻŵӣĪаųϣϹôΪĪа档
ΨӵǿʵſԲԼΣ֡
СӡĪаַ㲻ԶĻֱӴ뵽ַĶĤУϣɱȻЦһŵӶѣҺԣǲ֪
ַˡȺаһһǾȡ
ϧˣַܷĮһЦֵЩ⣬Ҳһַ
ǿѹȵַϣַ㺹ë촽ſҪڣȴڴʱǹĺͻأʧӰ١
ţַ£Щ⣬ɺôͻȻʧˣʧôס
Īаַ㲻ԶʱĪаĽŲȴͣͫ׷ķŴ󣬷·˲˼㣬ͬʱһɲɿܵѹ֮ϡ
˲ĪаΪͣ½ŲʱϹԼĪһݣ¶֮ɫ
ǡַ㿴ĪаĿͬģҲ¶ǿҵ𺳣Լ۾
ûпַ۾ŵ󣬽ĪаϣһӰӰΣңᶯĪаӰҲᶯ
һӰӣʵʵ˵Ӱӡ
µǣַֻӰӣȴûпӰӵˡ
ַע⵽ˣĪа˵쳣ȺҲע⵽ĪаϵӰ˵Ӱӡ
ȥһɳƵдֻȴûм˵ˡ
һĻ˱϶亹ƾճֵӰӣȺ顣


0024 ǿ֮
ĪаͷһԼϣǺڰӰӣо
Ӳ弸ҶĪаܹĸܵԷվԼǰϢԼƫƫκӰ
Ϲоâ¶𾪵ɫȻûϵӰӵ˻ʱ֡
ĪаĪһΪƺڴϣʮʶν㣬ȻǰֵӰӴʲô
Ӱ꣬صһ꣬˵֮ӰӵܹԼӰȫӰУֻӰˣϢҲ
̫ˣںҹһӰӵҪɱ㣬ǺεȵףûԸһӰӵߣĪȻҲ롣
ĪаӲĽŲ˶ɫ԰ףŲˣƨҷһǿʵ塣
֪λˣɷһĪŵϵǵӰӿڵȻӰǣ˱ǡ
ܺţҪûʧŶ𡣡ɳƵٶȴ漴һ΢̨ϵӰͻأʧôƾʧӰΡ
ÿ¡ȺоԾļӿһЩǿ갡
˵˭Ŀƺں˵ɳƵۡ
ӦƺڵǰˣϾȻ֪ƺԻ
ϹЦ£ֻһ֪Է˭ˡ
뵽ԼΪϹһ˿Ȩף濼ǣȴȷǻûʧ
ӣ֮¾ʹգذɣʺáϹ迴չڵ
գܷ£ѵҪô뿪Źַ㡣
ʦܷ֡չɫĪ⣬漴ЦһϹƺűչ֪ƺепԸչдһ
չºͣ˼ȴ˵ƺе˭УȻΪĿûдﵽӶƺڡ
ַ㿴²ʼĩʱܷƺҪ˵ġ
ѩ£ƺڵӻԺлдɡϹҡͷ
Ϲ
֮˶𡣡չ뿪ڣϹȴһº֮ɢ⣬ĿֱӳչΪƺѾͣǸչˡ
չΪ츳ڣưϰˣƺӶˣʵǿƺڣչϾϹһ
չɫһ漴ָЦݣĮĵȻˣҳĳ͸ˡ
ӴĴչһ쫷磬չܷס˫չӰ˲ǰΧƺȺϷɹǿҵ쫷罫Ⱥһʱ䳡漫Ϊҡ
֮£ҳĳˡЩȺסΣǳӡ
ַ㣬֮գҪÿԶƺڡܷ
Ǹ߷ɵĴַЦҪƺ
Ϲ迴ǵڵϵȺɫ̫ÿȻΪ˿ʵ츳ȷʵƺڵܹȵϵġ
֮ڣϣƺܹһӿϹУѩ¹˴ӴӲȴƺڿңȷʵƺڵĲң֪λӵʵжǿ
֮¾ʹգɢ˰ɡϹ˻֣Ⱥ˵漴׼뿪
ĪаŲδַ㣬˿̵ѾַˣȻַͬסĪаϡ
˵֮¾ʹաϹأԶַĪаȵĪаһ̧ŲϹ
ԺҪСĴˡַ裬ʵ̫Īаλų̫Զ
̧ŲַҲ׼뿪ȴһֱӴС
ҪأΨӵ㹻ǿʵ츳˵һ裬Ҳû˻ͬ顣
ַĽŲ΢ͣ⻰Ϲ˵ģֱӴС
ҵȻסַЦ£Ų̧̤ÿһᶨޱȣͨǿߵ·Ľݡ

ͨһʯУַϥԪ˿˿ɫĹԣַ嵱У׳ַϢǿĽѪ⡣
侳ԪǡѪǿ
侳޵ĵһ磬Ҳǻ磬ΨнΣԺ;вǿ
ַ㣬еҪʵҪǿͻ侳̤䣬Ψн侳磬ܹΪŵӣŵӣõء
̤侳˵껹ܹбѣʱ䣬ǿ
ӵĴ꣬˱ѺܹգܷıͬԴ꣬ͬǾ˱Ѻ䵮ġ
ַ㣬ܹĺڰһ˱ѣһǿ
ˣַںƺ֮󣬾ͶͨһҵصľʯĿޣϣܹ̤侳硣


0025 ս侳
ʮַϢ׳󣬺侹ɫĹ⻪
ʱľڶ֮⣬Ӱ߿
Ǻõط飬ǳʺһӿɵ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ѩط㵱֮ô
ҿ˼ɡԱߵŮԸУһϮɫĽ͹£ǳˡ
ٺ٣Ͼ֮òѩ꣬աɫԲ԰ף˿֮ˡ
ŮһۣҲûоܾǷǳǮģƷʸߵĵҩΪ󣬼ֲͨȥɭð֮ԸŮӼ츳߽ͨݾΪ뵽ˡ
ʮ侳ؾ磬һ츳ͨӵܣѩϣܵõõĵҩͬʱҲĿ֡
붴֮Уַֻϥɵһۣû뵽طȻռˡ
Ҫطˡѩźĵ
ʲôϢ侳Ϊ߾ǡҡͷ
ⲻ̫ðɡѩһЦ
ʲôֻԼʵСҷΪٽ뿪һЦǿ֮żʣɻ߼ޣʵٱЩĺ֮ͻž
ѩҲĬɵڶˣȷѰĺõط
СӣװˣɡɸоַԪĲĵ
ַ۾â˸߽ʱѾˣΪԷ뿪뷨̫ЩЩ˵˼ԶеҪࡣ
Ҫ𣬻ҪΪַĮʵ
Ȼ㶼˾ԼְɣԷΪȻɻ⣬·΢
ܺáַ΢΢ͷ漴վĳȥ
㻹ûԷΪô뿪ΪַߣЦһ
˵Ҫ뿪𣿡ַĿһ˿Ϸʣ漴Ų̤棬ʱҲַӶ
ţüͷһ壬΢һȭͷ͵ĳǰ
꣡
໣
ɵֱ۹ѣĴ£ͬʱʺһֻħ֣֮
ҵҪʣҪôΪַ㿴ɣϺˣһԵѩɫ԰ףȻûϵַ㾹Ȼôǿ
֪ˣſң뿪˫ץסֱַۣҪ֮⿪ѶɳƵĴ³
֪˾͹ˣտʼΪԼӣҪϵԼ뿪֪УϴҪ뿪¼ô˵ʵԷĻ˿Ѿϵˡ
ҪϵʱҲҪñϵĴ㡣ַ㻰£һȭɵɺɳȥ
һۻһѩַȵ
ѩ漴ܹȥ뿪
㾹ȻΪһҪһ֮Ӷ⴫ַδţ
ַ㲢δ̫ñɺѩȥһһ
ʮ䣬мƣӥգ˫Ҫ
磬쵰ֱۣΪҪҪܡɵɫÿ£
ģһȷΪֽţȻ󽻸㴦áַ㣬ֱַݶסĸо
áĵͷ
ַüͷţȻδɢƣ˫ӥܹо˱ǿܶ࣬ľƶҪǿ
ҷҵܵܣһ֪жʹַ㡣
ַŲ̧̤˵ͻȻˣǿ󡢰Ե
ռ˳˳ռ䵴һƬ֮п֮죬侳ΪַƷˣһȭ֮Խǧ֮ǿµ˾ǧٽǿޱȡ
ԭΪѹֵܱϵΪǰɲ
ܵΪַӵ侳Ϊֻ֪ܵŮɫ˲ʹ
һХ֮дݷХ
Ϊצָצϣ͸Ұķ֮
צһַ֣˲ϢˣһԼƣץȥһƤ⣬Ѫϴʹޱȡ
侳ַһצ֮ƵԼǧٽԼѪַѾܹȷԷΪѾԽ侳
ǲǺܺڣϧѾˡûзϣڼǰ˳̤侳磬ǿһͷǿ侳Ϊǿǰһ
ȷЩڣҺûֱɱַӱϳĶӰ䵨ӻںޣȫһս
֮ڶ֮ը죬һ⣬
ܣצ繳ֱӳųȥһǿţýһᣬ漴צֱץ򳤽
һסַͺһХӲצ֮ʱоһɿ񱩵׵֮
Х
磬ϣХ֮ϣԵޱȡ
䣡
һǿŶţϵеӥ꣬ӥ֮ӰҰȴԶûгչĴǰϡ
ӥХ֮˫צ͸ŽɫĻ⣬мһϣ˲Ϣַĳġ
侳ϣܹġ˫ӥҰԱ¶ղžַĽиܵвŽͷš
ӹľڵĴַľ׽Ѿ¯࣬ʹֻӵ侳Ϊһ侳ʹóǸǿ
ͷӥ֮۾Ķ˲ֱӽĳץס
ǣ侳侳޲ַܿ㲻ţ


0026 ٹʵ
ַ㲻侳ؾ磬ԶвַȫţֻҪ̤侳أܹһս֮
ˡַȭ˳ӿֱš
צһָֻ̧繳ǰץʱһǿǿ˳ɢ֮ơ
޼
ַһвֻһ飬ɿ
ɿɲצͻַֻһɴ徹ɳȥƺһ
ӵӥ꣬񡢶ԼƻΪΣһ֮
ַа⣬侳Ϊ侳̫ˣҪ֪侳侳֮䣬һ蹵ҪԽսԶ˫侳Ҫַ̫֪࣬ԼҪ̫ʵ
һסַгٴ趯ȴûһڿУ漴ڶ½̳ײը죬֮л󣬾Ǻ¡·׹ŭ
Ƭַ̣ܸһĽַ֣Ű
侳ǿǰκֶζǶࡣЦһӥ֮ɿַ㣬δǿȺڽĽ֮ϣҵı졣
ĽеַֻԼǴããеĹۣƮҡǿϵĺĽϣ׽ˮ˿ҡ
ӥա
Ȼ޷κεַ㣬ϣ˫ֻΪӥצն£ӥգƷ
䣡ĽһַҲ΢Ĳ£漴ȶɣɽ
Լκβһ侳ޣÿ꣬˻Ĺӥ񹥻ַ㡣
ַܵѹ֮ԽԽǿȴԽԽЩҡ·ʱ̮
һѪַÿһԽһǧ׽ûйɣڸ˲ᡣ
ýˡ
ַһâĽɢΣĽַĽζǿľ׷·ҲַһС
ơ֮ơ֮ƣһУ
ĿֲƴַĽзӥ֮Ͳһ£յɣѸޱȣ˲Զַ㡣
ַĽûͣϢӰǿһ⣬
ӥաһ˫ǿʢޱȡ
¡¡ضɽҡͻأĲ
Ӱ
ַ˻һ⣬Ŷȥȥ֮ʱһӳҽ֮
쵰ֻ˫Ѫ죬Ȼһǿޱȵһˣ˵ÿ죬һܹв
û뵽һ侳֮ˣƤѣˣһĨɱĵܵɡ
§ɵ壬ɫ˿̵ɺѪϢޣַ뿪ʱһĽ
㲻ݡԵڶлصѩŵûɪɪпڶʯϣҲû뵽ַʵȻ˵ǿǿκβ
ַЦһҪѾһ̸ʲôݣɱһ׬ˡ
ַа֮ȥǱˣɱˣҪɱȻҪִ棬𷴿
˰ʱַĽŲ仺ѪַȻҲ˲ǳˣϾʵ;ϵĲǣһս侳ΪӲ侳ǿߣԺˡ
ȡһƿӣַ㽫֮򿪣һҩУһˬ֮ӣַֻбŵһ˲滺˱ˬûйƬ̣͸оԼƲȫָˡ
ðԵҩЧ
ַ¶֮ɫѹֿ˵һƺƣʱЩɣһι˺ŵҩŵҩܿб޻˿ⵤҩַԵܹоⵤҩǺεǿ
ʱַ㲻оԼƻָϢ׳ˡ
ѹԸڵУЩõĵҩΪ֮񡣡
ھ½޻ȥЩʦأλǳߣƺڣҲרŵ֮ˣַֻŵӻûнӴѡ
սõʽ⻰Ȼ٣˶սͨǿҩԾʤĿޣָҸõطһˣ˵ܽ˻һͻƵ侳ΪȵʱҲݳǸˡ
ַ뵽ĿһɨΧ־ﾹЩϤ
ԭ⡣ַ۾һ漴ЦЦĿͶԶ
ֻԶɽڴмѿһ϶·𱻽ַϴεһ죬ȴһŮ˸˳
һҹһû뵽ôõĵطַȻ׷ɱԼŮˣַ㵹ҪƯŮκε
Ųַ̧㳯һȥֱӲһУûκԥ
һΧ˼ַȥɵ£漴ŵſַһﾹȻ˽ԽʦĽأǲ֪
Ƭַ̺һڣܵɽʯΧмȪʯڼ仹Ųٶû˴ŵĻȷ̫ʺˡ
ʱȪУƺϴһͷˮбסͨⷽ׳ԼϢΨϢǿ󣬲ܹƾһøĹȻҲǿ
ݸˮ֮ʱһοַ㣬ɵ£漴Ŀĵ㡣
ԣҡַ㵭ȻһЦ侳һսοƣȻŵַ㹻ţϾƿǰľƣַܲĨɱˡ


0027 Ҷ㣬ûȤ
һЩɫ࣬о뷨ƼַЦԴĮҵҪм
˵ƴȪˮ˳ȫʪ͸ĽȻ֮УҪǷǰ˷ˡ
ַѾһΣ־֮ǳܼʯ
û뵽ΪǺɫ֮ͽҪռˡַĿɨӣŵаЦȻҪ˵Һɫ޳ܣҾͺɫ㿴
ƿַаɫ࣬Ź

Х⴦ż֮а׹˸
ʵֱǿ˲١ַ㰵һɫ䣬˺о˳ĺХļھзƮҡ漴׹ڵء
ַʹþ˺ε죬ԽǧȻܹһ
ѹ޳֮ƾʵΪ𡣡
ļӰ֣ңַָ㣬һڹ֮£ҷ˵Ĳ졣
ȥ
ҶȸղŸѸͣ
һַŲһ̤ƶ˲ֺռÿꡣ
ǹ˳Ȼ裬ɳǰִַʱҲˣǾˣһ˸͹һˡ
ţüͷ΢壬ԭһʵô
һڹ֮ϣ
ֻ㹥𡣡ַЦӰ񱼶ڼ֮ʱϵĳ˲Ϣϣˮһ
Ƶ֮ɫַ̫ˣɵļ
ѵˮ
Ӱַͬʱӳ֧һڹ֮ϡ
뷢ÿһǧٽҿεֵ£ƿա
Хֱַһɨδȴݺᡣ
һסŰĽַһƸǿ貵Ľһţ֧ʸ
ô᣿ֻͫһ֧ʸʹĻʸֻܴﵽǧȺսãԸһ˵ЧԲ֧ǧٽʸ
֧ʸȴַƽ⡣
ַŵЦ⣬ɲϺˣ֧ʸٶȴϹңȻ
ֻͬһһС
ַĽָƵʺ֮ʱƻУǵַһγʱһڶٷϿַ㣬ַƺ˲СĽҶμַ㣬Ѿȫͬһ
ôᣬĽôô졣
Լ츳һ⣬ʵÿ춼ڲϵַĳɸ޴Ĵ
ַЦЦ飬ֻ
ʲô
۾ַ㣬ҧ촽
ַ㿴ƻʪ壬ǽεģֱ˷ַ㲻òпŮǸ̫ĺһ㡣
Ŀɨһ˵ͪ壬ַһ
Լ̫أҶ㣬ûȤɡ
ַƽ𳤽漴ҲһۣŶȥ
£漴ַıӰҧ촽ʺ촽Ѫ
ƽʮ꣬侳ΪƾǿԶ̼ͼ꣬ƺŵ֣츳ڡ
ټ˵ݣƺڼû˲֪ŵӺͺĵӶ⣬Ϊַ㶨ʱɫ̰֮ͼòżˣһߡ
ȻַղϵţݺݵĴ
Լ̫أַĮĻͲмӳƵԺС
һġһִ֮ɫû뿪ٶȪУȫˮУȵϢǿͿǿĹϼ꣬ļʸҲǿ
ַ߽һֻǳ˿˿֮
ڶһʯһɾĲȻ
Ů˿ѡطַⶴǷǳ⣬ƺǧ꣬һ˻ˣЩҲǰ˿䣬ã˵֮أ֮Ҳʱз
ߵʯ£ڰͷŶޱĴڣĻֻҪһһܹ̲
Ѹٽ붨״̬Ԫ궯ֱַӿʼ
ʱڲ֪߹
һգеԪ궯ַһ׵УϵɫĹԡ
һ̣âַ۽Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⡣
侳أҵʵֻҪ侳ǿߣӦÿԺˡ
ַ侳ؾܶս侳ˣοٶͻƣַ㲻ΪԼ˺侳ǿ߶ԿʱϾ侳ǿ߱˵꾭ѸǳӥȻ㣬Ȼûоѣ侳еߡ
ıѣȻ˶лᣬÿ˶ܹģ㳣ʶַ㵱Ȼ֪
֪˶ãӦòɡַûټ߳˶ȪƵӰǣɵ¡
Ҳַ㣬ĿĮɨַһۣоַƺһ˿仯仯޷
ˣַ㵭ȻһЦûƵĿ⣬ʵ
ʮ졣ƻӦ䵭
ôãַüͷ˶û뵽ôʱ䡣
̧Ųַ㳯һȥʱҲԶˣûݳһˡ
ʲôΪƶַΪһֱɻ̲ס
ոս侳ءַӦһ漴Ӱʧ
㶣в֪ʲôζԭַ侳֮ʱܹʤΪԼţȴԽս


0028 ¥
ѽݳбĵӷ׷׻صУͼžۡ
ңÿһأ󵽹ҳǳأС壬һЩʢᣬΪ磬ЩʢᵱȻѲ֡
ݳǵĸ壬ÿ궼мڲᣬ󱲵ΣݳǣżһЩʢᣬԼǿ
¥ݳڵһ¼Ӿڴ˵أۡ
ּܷбѣ̤侳磬Ϊŵӣ֣֪Ǽ١һֳ֮ҡȣּҵʵĿһͶƺԴЩ档
Ȼ棬ּܷ侳֮ʵǳҪм䣬ּұܴʡ
Ц⣬ּҳ֮ӣȻվּ˵
Ǻǣ̤侳ѣҹżҹ̤侳а֮ãּ֮˭Ƕ֡ĻЦһݳǹżּ·ɵּ
侳ʱ䲻ܴʲôļĽѾ侳ؾ磬ҵĹ⣬˭ܿ⡣
ļ֮Ҳʾ
Է̧Լϲɵ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ľ־Ѿ侳Ϊˣ츳Ƿ
ҹ˵ЩĵĻһʱ˵Į˵Ļϣ˵һŮΪò
Ȼǣ˴λǸλһϢغһ죬ҳһλ䣬ҳԼݳӵ⣬ҲԱμӣᰣӦҵ˼ɡ
ºЦ̶׹ݳҲл䣬ֻڰڵĴеĺӵܣû뵽˴ҲԲμӻ䣬ͨݳ츳ĺء
᰾˵һ¶ݳȴŲСһΪò䣬о츳ڡ
΢΢ͷҲʶһĴеôʵ
Ǻǣȴ˴λ䶨ȻΪʣ˵ּǷƺЩƣּǷӦҲμλɡżһͻȻЦһΪ̶
ɣʲô˼ּӱҪһμӻ䡣Ȼ׶Է˵˭˵ַμӻ䣬ȻǳЦּҺˡ
Ǻǣ˳ƺƺ̫װɡɵĵ
ǷкβףּҼλóҪ˵ͻȻͣһٶԡ
ڴʱǿеķǧѩ̤ݳС
ʮ·ַԴ糾֮ɫǧѩЩƣַĿȴԵøûаģ
صݳǣǰȣ˿̵ַϵӵǷ͸żּӲǸɾĿԴȡ
Žâ̤ǧѩַ㵹Ҳ˲˵ע⣬ַװԼһþ꣬Ӧĸӵܴˡ
ߡַ˫һǧѩݳǵĴϻ
סַ㾭һ¥֮ʱ¥һ΢Ȼϸ΢ַ̧ͷֻһĿԼϡ
Ǻǣҵ˭ⲻּҵַү𣬻ɰ
ųЦ飬Ƭ̺¥Ĵڳ˺üףһַ㾹ȻͦϤֻ״ʱȴ
ַּһλϵ֮ӣ侳Ϊ츳ԡ
ߡ˿ôַӣüԣû뵽ַ㣬ЩָóЦһˡ
ַ㣬Ǽ֮ڴ˾ۻᣬȻҲɡȻַ㷢룬Ȼ⡣
ַ㣬ôõ·̣ȻؼϢɡȷǲ
ַЦּðɣûУӣ¶档
»Ҫɫɡַ㰵һȻɵ
ȵȡ΢΢Щַ㣬ﲻĵطʵؼҴȥ
ַһ̧ͷĿֱ˵ʲôݣʲôݣô˵
ַѷǵųġַ㡯ΪּҼַԼͷҰǲóΪԼ۸۸ˡ
ַ㵱ͷһסˣȻû뵽ַ㾹Ȼȫһˣ˰Ե
ɫǵͨ죬ȴ֪ηַ㣬ݣַּǳ֮ӣȻûʸַţ෴ʹַҲûʸ񷴲
ǺǣּΨ²ңЦһɫԽ
ʱַѾǧѩ¥£漴̤˾¥¥ż䡣
߰˵Ӱ㶼ӡ
ַûһԼλϣƱֱӽַӣղַĹʱҲǣǺųǳЦ
ߣȡķ浱ԼүˣʲôݣҲδַ㣬ƺ
ּݣɲҪˣءһ뿴ľ־ˣּ޴档
ַЦĿһɨȺ漴Ŀڹϣǰߡ
ҿ𣿡
ʲôʲôʸļɽĵݳĴ壬ǿҶǹżҺּңлּңļ֮ȻҲǲġ
˼ءַûпɽֻʹɡ
𣬷Ҳʸһ顣бۿַ㣬һﻹû֪֮
ô˵ղˣҶ𣿡ַҲŭȻƽʵ
Σɺǳһû뵽ַôʶʱ


0029 Ϸˣ
ַϷһ˿䵭Ц⣬ַϣһơ
һƱбֱ֮˹ɵϡ
Ⱥ˲䰲˶ΪһĻסˣȻûϵַ㾹ȻΪƣڹɵϡ
˶µĿţ¶˲õЦݣܹɶܿʰһ·ǰôܲ˿ġ
ȻҲûϵһĻϵľˮ۾ϣȻִ³ĨĨĨ
۾гһ϶¶Ķ֮ɫǶ߰㡣
ҪùˣƲҲ͵˿ɱаżҺּ֮䣬ֿԿˡ
Ѿƣϣгɷ϶۾ƽԽƽԽ£ɣŭˡ
ԡַʵĵͷ
ʵڲףһ㣬ôĺûУ˵޴Ϊᱣ㣿ɵһ˿Ϸ֮⡣
ַû̻ش𣬶ǴȡƺȻ󽫺Ǵ򿪣ٶ𣬺֮һν˹ɵϡ
Ҳף˵ôķη壬ĵı΢ʾԥżӡ
ǹżҼѾүλȴߣһֱǹеĽᣬҲʹޱǰַһ仰ɴʹ
Ȼɵɫż
ûκεԥǣһȭźХַ֮ȥ
ԵͷһݣһŭˣһȭȥַһƻĿȫǰɡ
ΨϵЦԽӵĲãϣַ
ԤϵеĽûзɵȭ;ͣȻǹ飬ֻΪɵȭͷϻһƣƽȭͷץסƺɣɹǺȭͷҲ޷ٽһ
ţɫһôᣬַôô׵סһȭҴʱַɫ䣬ȴɫǺ졣
ʵҲףݣȴҪˣңҷ㣬ʲôʸ񡣡
꣡
һҽֻȭϴʹŤ
ȥַһ˦ֱӴӴڷ˳ȥ漴˱صİ֮
ΧھԵ˶סˣ侳ΪĹɣֱ˦˳ȥ
Ⱥ⻹ּҷ
ַĿ⻺ת漴ϣַƽоһη֮⣬ûԼеķȻη
ַ㣬ƺˣúǰȫͬʱŷ֣յַ͸ַ㣬Ŀȴֻмͺִţмֲ֮⣬⻹ʶķַ
ղ˵ʲôַʵ
촽˶沿ЩӲȻ֪ôش
ַЦһ漴ֻһХ촫̱ܵϴʹ
ַ㣬ֱ˦һ⡣
㡭Լϵļţַ㾹Ȼ˵һ⡭ַ㶢Ŀǰƽ֮ȻҪ˵ĻӲ˻ȥ
Ժ˵ע㣬סʲôݣʲôݡַ䵭˵һ漴û߹ļɽǰ
ʲôɽĿַ㣬һ˲佫ɸ˦¥£ʵӹɡ
㺦£̵ַ˵
ҡɽҪڣͻȻһɱϢַϴ΢΢һ˿ڿˮɽͷ͸ղŵĹһɫǵͨȴҶ˵һ仰
ַ㽫Ϣֱȥδͷһۡ
ɽͺһеľƱɷ飬ַȻûжӵо߷ޱȣַûʸַʱȻһƨҷţַʼնûж֣ȴˣеľƱһڸղһ̱÷顣
ʱҲɽòϻһָӡΪʲôַվǰʧȥԿ
ԵҲĬţǱҪϷˣһּҷȴ뱻ַݺݵһЩڼݳӵܣһַ㶪¥ȥˣһ˦һ⣬һ˵һ䣬ַ㣬ûʸһ
ᰵĿ˸ЩΪߣ侳ǿߣܹĸоַվǵʱƺһʣ˵һƣơ
ַԼ֪Լĳֻ¥е˶ôӵ˼ֻǲ뱻ָű裬ЩƺϰΪ߸ϣַЩһѵ
ǧѩ¥ԺХĿⶢַȥıӰ¶֮ɫ˳һҪ


0030 ּ
ǧѩּ̤ңʱּ֮ˡ
ַˣ֪ʲôΪ
Ǻǣ϶۵ķݣүһ˫ŮޱȣַǿҲ侳أǶ֡
ҲԣȻϴλƣܺͼӵܱȣĻͶŲˡ
˶˽඼ڰﳰַ㣬˭ַּȴƫƫǸء
˿̵ַѾص˾סԺ䣬Ժ䲻ȴܸɾַֻԼֺ˾ס
סַֺУһ
С㣬ˡֺ̧ͷü両һº͵Ц⡣
ţҪˣҿϻμᡣַ㿴һֺĻļֺܰ徻ƺİйأϲţַȴûпֺĻ
С㣬ͲҪμˣȥְɡֺЦҡҡͷ
ףΪʲô
ǺǣᣬǿɶǳǸģΪǲںǣС㻹СΪϡֺ̾Ϣһּѱˣ̫ƽֵԼһЩֵܣǼλ϶Ѿʼıˣ׼ϱλ
İɸףҲںַҡͷѾ侳ΪЩҪ϶ҲҪʵС
ţֺĿԼһַۣĿⲻɵһЦҵСҶˣУǸӾһ𿴿ôַҵλãó㱾ɲС
С㣬ʱСΪϣ˵ܷѾͻƵ侳Ϊˡ
Ǿ˵ȷѾͻƵ侳ˣҪҲûôסַкһܷΪҪȥƺҪˣʱвټѵҪܷôҪÿ
ףȥˣ֮սҡַ˵˵ΪѾͬԴӵܷҲô׶ԸģǽΪߵĺá
ʱּҸۡ⣬ƥԴһ쫷мƥϣܷһϮɫβۣ˳еüΪ߹ټϵʣ˲£߸ϡ
С㡣ָĺ֮Դַ㲻֪˶ٱǵĿֱܷʣԲλࡣ
ܷĿбӣֱ̤ŻԽָУ߰繫ԴڷεҲĸŽָ
СȻһˣʻòʤּҵһ˷ǴСĪһܷ뿪п˵
Ȼ侳ǿߣС㲻ʮǰ;ԶǷܹȵģСѶˣڵľӢһ˸һУַܷԱȵʸûУһϵ£һǵϵө޷ԣַעֻ
ܷڵӵĵ˲ּҹһ籩ַ֮ʱ֪Ҫ䶯٣£һЩϺּҵ˶ѾǰְԵһҾסԺȥʺܷǰ;Զּܹȵġ
ԣּҺܶԸ飬ְԵּ峤λãĻܷƣּ⣬ЩְԵλ˵ȻҲܵõô
֮ߵȣַס֮ؾԵЩˣܷûַ㣬һ˫۾·𴩹ΧǽַסԺ䣬һš
һΣһҪÿܷͷ
ְԵĳֺҲˣֺѩӰɽׯѩӰɽׯ䲻ţʵȴ˿ƺѩ¹󣬶ңѩӰɽׯֻձѩӵߡ
˴ιֺҲͬΪ侳۷ֻ֮һͿ̤䣬䶯ּңּңƺѾְԵ¡
ֺ⣬ּҵһЩԼϵĺӵܷ׷׹Ὣּҳ
ְԵĸУͥУ·ְԵּҵ峤
ֺּסԺ䣬ʽ򣬼Ϊ塣
ڣ֮٣ּж΢Щһּ֪꣬ҺӵΪΣԼҵŮһΣУּǷ츳ĺӱ죬һж
ּҵĸ߲ԣעǲƽһ죬ǰҪֺλֺǿסˣգ׼øӳ֣УּЩȺҲѾ
ַӷ̧߳ͷһ۳̫˸
ַԣûоýʲôּͬ峤λãںҪ׷ģΨӵǿʵܹӵлȨ峤֮λ֮ѣʵǿܵУ㲻峤˭ΥĻ
ַ㻹֪ĸ̫ͬںЩֺȨƵˣҲ嵭ּûд¶棬ҲлɳˣӰ
С㣬ˡֺ㽫ַ㺰ѵġ
šַͷ
߰ɡһ𣬳е䳡ȥ
䳡Ⱥ˶ѵˣַֺ䳡һ̣˲Ŀ⽵ٵϣЩĿ졣
ַ㡣üַϣ⼸˷ֱܷбַϵֺԼƣȻַֺȻӣƱַ裬ֺǱַϵΪ˵ּ˭ʹַ㸸ӣĪˡ
ңֺȻֺ㱻ַϵû֪һֺ㶪ˣ뿴ַ㸸ӵĵ⡣


0031 ϷĻ
ַֺ㳯λ̨ȥǱߣְԵϡֺȻܷ˶ţ߸ϣ·ּˡ
ֺ˹վȻˣ׼ʼɡ
ֺĻŲֻͣǶּĿ΢ֺ֪ô¡
ֺǸʲôֺͣ£ʵ
ߣ㣬ڵּң˭ǼֺĮ˵
Ŀһɫ̫ÿɻӦȻֺ
㣬ּᣬǷּͷȴ£ֺĿֱ𣬼ʵ
ȻÿּᣬּҪʱ̡
ܺãһҪ㣬ּͷȴ£˭֡
ֺĻɫȻѾֺ֪ʲô˼ˡ
ּҴ£ɼ֡
ȻˣһʲôУ𡣡ֺ䣬ְԵǱΪѲʲôܣּ˼֪ԽԽ޼ɵˡ
Ǻǣ壬ԼˣϴΪִ£кβɣδ̫ûж˰ɡܷĿ˵
졣ֺһǳȥ˵ֵõְԵܺŮʲô
ܷɫһаһ֪Լ֮λˣʼ
ܱǷǿˡְԵַһۣЦһּܷҺεȷ⣬ֺá
עԴǣһССּҼУһܷһŮЦ˵ŮĮϴһƿ̱֮ɫܷһŵӣοһּҡ
ô˲ôּңҸּˣƺûɣѵƤҪЩĬַ̲סˣҪѿ֮˭ܺΪ˵ȣǸԿǲ
㡭̱Ůɫһ䣬漴ЦһƺڷҲҴԲѡ
ҷﲻҲۣҲ֪ܶôдĳˣ˼Уȴ˼ˣˣԭȻǿ󡣡
ַ㻰д̣ܷɫˡ
㾹Ȼڡһλվŭַ㡣
ЦվּּҵˣȴվΪ˳ͷҵʣ߳ϣּҵˣڵĹ
ַÿһ仰ޱȣа㣬ƫƫռ֮һ֣޿ޡ
˵ĺãҲһ߳ϣ𣿡ֺһʱֺҲǳȣû뵽ԼĶӲΪǣԴҲּѪ
ˣϷдּͷȴ£ܵ󣬻ǰ֡õְԵ⣬ЭҪַֺ㣬ż̡
ߡֺһ䣬ַһ̤λȥ漴ȺС
㻹ܵãҳΪźĵӣֺҪÿܷ˵
Ὺʼɡֺ˫䳡ɨһȦּҹˣʮʮ֮ӵܴʮң궦ʢʱڣϧеһЩ˾ϲ⣬ĻɢûκԣҲ׽֮λǴѡɡ
ֺ΢ЩɬǿꡭΪּһ֮λա
ףģҲּһûġֺΣϡǵøǰϧȴûܽ˼ȫּҡ
ᣬʵǿӵܵΪһжٽһżδ
ݣսսмʵ
ּҶս̨Уһ֣սս̨ϣս̨ϵʮˣһ֡
˵գּҶսּ̨ӣ׷׵ǳ
ַֺ˵ͷҲս̨
֪ܷ˻᲻ҡվս̨ıԵַĿ˸аһ
ܿ죬ʮӵܣȫ˾޴ս̨֮ϣĿ⾯ĿΧЩʵߣǺܿܳΪֵĶ
ܷһ̤ս̨֮Ⱥ׷λ˸ǣһֵĿı̭ߣЩʵǿһЩ˺˻ȥԼܷǿļ֮һȺ֮˵ˡ
ַ㣬ܿͿ˶ЩһĿ˸·ǿ㣬Ϊˡ
ս̨ϵսѾһóǹַǰԱߵ˶ƿȻ֪˲ǡ
ԼȥɣﶪˡӵĿַ㣬Ǹղźַ㷢ìܵ߳϶ӡ
䣬ǰѾ侳ΪӦ̤侳أʵ൱
ҵġһĮֻŷβ۵ܷ߹һ
һȻܷˣÿ
ܷߵַǰ˵ģһֲ˶㣬˳ģô֣ɲ̫档
ţַ£û뵽ܷȻǱģȷЩܲ־ͽֶΪȻֵܷԼҲףԼԶֵĻﻹûмַܹ֡
ƺڵ̨ϣַһնһ侳Ϊ֮˵ֱۡ
ܷڸʲôǷʲô׼ַĴϼܷɵõְԵ
ѵÿһλڶǺܺ𣿶ң˵ڶ־սÿ˶Ҫսü˵ʱʲô棿ְԵΪԼܷ˼Цøա
Ǻǣôû뵽ȷһϷͰһ·ѾַڵڶֱһδεĴݲУʱݣзӵ̨


0032 һ
ʱ󣬵һ̭սʣʮˣЩ̭ĴΪʵ֮ˣȻҲиù侳Ϊ֮ˣֻܣ˳ս̨
ЩˣһսδܷԼܷĴֺ꣬䡢ַ㡣
ǺǣһˣܷȻ
ʲôܷΪڵڶָҡ
Ⱥַ۷׷ףȻսܲˬ
ڶֵսΪ飬ÿһˣսÿ˶Ҫͬսһͬʤߵ˽һ֡
Ҫгǩ飬ȻɶϹܷ˵һ顣
ַ㡢塢ΡԾȻֲ顢顣
Ϲ̨ϵЦЦʵģΪӦûˡ
ڵԳְۡԵ˵
ﻰҪܷ͵ˡȻְԵĻãЦ
ֻǲַ֪ڵеڼͣ˵Ż⿴ֺһۡ
޴ս̨ΪĿĸսͬʱС
һ飬ֺܷڶ飬ֺڣ飬飬ַ塣
Ⱥһս˲ɵ۾һǽսأǶϹⰲŵġ
ֵֺܷԲ˵ּһҲٮٮߣַ㣬ʵ˿ǰ漸ҪС˵ĵһսûаǰַ㡣
ս̨ĿעսַܷģҪܷжǿҲ뿴ֵַһ硣
䡣һֺܸɴĵò¶ʧ֮ɫҲֺ˭Ըȥܷ
һ飬ܷʤ
ûܷսȺĿ䵽˵ս
ַ㣬ս塣
ҲԸҵĽɡ侳Ϊټǽ꣬侳ؾеַ֣Ŀư֮⡣
飬ʤ
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ţַĿ΢΢һʤ
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ϲһȥɣҪᡣ
Ȼû䣬ʲôʸʤַ·ûϣʵ
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峤սҪо֪Ϊ˱ȫ峤棬Ҳģα⡣
ȫҵ棬ҿǴҪҳڣȥˣ֡
Ҳͬ⡣ְԵڵ
Ҳͬ⣬ϸͣͬʱֺȻϡ߳ϣȫվ
в𣿡ֺһɨЩףλֵܣټλϣлǰλϣЩˣƿּ
һҪôأֺЦһ
峤ûȨʸһУ˽Ǻּ˵ġЦЦĵ
ͷѩᣬȻһүүԼλϣҪ峤λˡ
ֺЦЦúܵ͵֪Ҫʲôƺһڣھ͸ǽڡ
ļ۾£ֺ⡣
ֺֻתˣ˵Ҷַսַδ䣬ҲδսϼʤΪּҼҹ棬طλȴΪ峤˽Ϊ˸һַսһַܣ֤峤խΪּҸԸλ
ֺһȺһƬȻַǰ侳Ϊǿأ֣峤Ǹү˻
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ַʤˣּ֤棬һƣͬʱȥ֮λֺ䣬·ܵһɺ⣬ֺԼ峤λãȥͶԷġ
ͬ⡣ְԵڣɫ䣬ַʤ壬ôܡ
Ҳͬ⡣Ҳڵ
ãϣأֺϿȥ
аһʹַʤҲְԵʹʲô£һȻֵͬ⣬⻰ֻܱͷӦû
⡣ֺȻеһַܹϵֺ㣬Ҳ侳ΪذɣְֹԵʹǴӦ̫죬Ҳֻܽ
壬һսĮɨֺһۣԼ峤λýġ
ػս̨Ŀַ㣺ԼҲͰˣҪ㸸ף徹ܹ峤ƺҲ
ýǷҲ˵㣬ȫǷϻ
峤ʣֱַ㡣
Ӱ⡣
ַһͺȣŲһ磬Ľ˲漴һ˫ȭͷͻƽ֮϶ţֱӽɳȥ
أڵϵ¶ã֮ɫˣôˣ
졢׼ݣĽȴһûУٳýֱǶԽ裬һַ㽫µĳ߷ɣ͸ֻԷ
岻УּҲסˣôϤһУǰַһֻһޱȵһ
̨ϵַ㣬šȻ꣬ƺѾ̥ǣ侳۷壬ɲһ
ôܡôϵ̨λϵֺһ


0033 һսˣһ
ҪΣ΢Ŀ⾯Ŀֺ
Ⱥղűַʵ𾪵˿̲ŷֺ֣Ѿڲ֪ս̨֮ϣĿ꣬Ƕϡ
ҪΣ㲻Ǹղŵͷ˰ɡֺЦһ
϶ҵϾּҶϣͿ๦ߣξԭΡְԵ
ԭ£ְԵ㲻ԼĻܿЦ𣬸ղһҺҶַ㣬ֺΪ£ĪǣҪּӵ淴ڲɡ
ֺһְԵɫѿղ֮ĿãҪҲɣ档
ϳҵ֮λ⣬һưɡֺٿְԵ
롣ҵβҪߡ
ߡֺ˫һƬռΪ֮һ٣촫ҵӶݵ嶼΢ЩӲ䡢裬嶼ҪӰж
ǣӡֱӡҵϣҵֹסһ˪ѪҺҲڵϣҵţΨ˫񶾵񣬶ֺ
ҵΪڰܵ˳ףͲֺһս͸ֺ
˵Ŀǣû뵽ֺ˵أǵ峤ŭˣɽ𻢣ְԵ˵
ˣ̧ߣ֣ߣ˵ֺһ˦䣬峤֮Ͼɡ
ַ㿴׵İԵ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǿΪ磬ֺǰûʵֻǲԸѡ
˸ɣְԵʹȻŭҲֻš
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ǰ飬һܷδֹһΣȫ䣬ʵȡһڶֺԼΪӣҲһܼһʵ˵ԤϣǾֺۣ֮ÿһսȽȫʤȻû䡣
ڣսδ꣬ѾǰѾȫȫս͵黹һ
飬սֺۣ飬ַսȺһ˿Ȥ˶ȫʤǵҪֺ۵ʵжǿַ㣬ܷսʤ侳Ϊ
˶ֺ̫Լַ㣬ʵһֱǿһٮٮߣַȻ⣬ϾǰҲŸոͻ侳أõɱ䣬Ҳ侳ػ߸ͻƵ侳أʤṳ̀侳ص
սֺ̨ȴܸɴĶ买˹ֵѾһսսҲա
Ѿȷϧһսôҿ˭ǵǿߡҡͷ
䡣ֺЦЦ⣬漴ܸɴĳս̨·ȥ
ʤϿЦ£ԼӰܡ
ų򡣡һ漴תȥսֻ̨ʣַˡ
ǺǣڵȵˣϣܹݺݵĽѵһְԵ䣬ΪڶַͻᱻŰȴû뵽ﾹȻΪַڵ飬Ҫʤչ١
ģһǷÿһЦԼӵΪǷĵĺܣǰеѣǰ
ĿԴˡְԵͷ
ϵӡʧеӡȴڣַһƣ͸ַ㣬޵ͬʱҲη壬ķһأʵֱַ˾¥ԽΪĽַǰȴûаţʤַš
ܵȫĿ⣬ϵ䶯鴤ţ֪˿̲֪ڵȴѵַ㣬ĸףܽѵַ
ȻѾսΣú΢
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쵰а³εĵ䡣
ţĻϵסˣȺҲסˣ䣿
͵ڴַʵʱֺһѡ˲սˡ
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ҲСھϽһԼš
ڶֽ߷ֱΪֺܷꡢַ㡢䡢ֺۡӱԼ
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ӱԼĿⶼַϣöַ㣬ܽٽһ̤ǿ
һսܷӱϻ£ӱɫ˲ˣˡ
ܷȻҲ֣һһҪһսϣҼʶһʵȻѡӱΨһս˰ͷ֪ذҲϧһս
һġܷĮ˵߰۾δӱһۡ
ҳˡӱȵܷȥû꣬ذܣֻ뿴侳ʵжǿ
ܷȵӱֻδܷ˲óٶˣֻǧ
ܷϸСӱϵɲǣӱ˲丽һ㺮ɫ˪ѩӵȫ
ܡܷӱһӱֱ£ǲϷ͸ղŵĶϵмơ
ǿ侳Ҳܷ˰һңЩͬӱ
һܷʤڶֺս
䡣ЦȻȥֺ꽻֣û뵽Լ䣬̭֡
ڶֺʤսַ
áųЦݣҲ侳Ϊ˶ʤΨַ㣬ȻΪ


0034 һսˣ
Цߵսַ̨Ķ档
ַޱ飬ϵĲЦЦҲƬ̺ͲôΪˡ
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ҲϹ˰Ҳ˵ַаһ
ȳְɡԵм緢֮š
áַͷ˵κ
ӰǾءһȣַ֮ʱأЦš
ڰԵĿǷХ֮ʱϵЦ˲仯˾Ҫֵﻹü
䡣

˳ȥϽӲЦԵøѿһȭȻһȭܲסΪ
˭ַˡַַֻ֪һƵжƵľˣȴоԼãã󺣵Ŀ񳱵У޷Ѻ룬ֻűɿû
ֲǣ˿µһûиܵܵˣֻ˵ַƿأ
ţûаԹޣݵͫ׿ַ㣬оо壬֪Է顣
ַʤƽ˷һƬ֮һУǶԸ侳ΪΪλһУ
ַһﵽʲôΪ
˿̵ȺͻȻоеķ޷׽
˲ǷֻЩĵֶΡһԵ˵˵ǳм
û϶ַĻô׻ĻΪ˽⵽࣬иŰַ㱰ɡ
Щַδţֱߵһԣ˲Щ˻ʧġ
ĳսսֺۡ
ս̨еˣַĿ˸һֺ۾һ飬󼴽սʱֺ䣬սܣһֺֺ֣۶ˣϵĿ
Ҫս𣿡ϷʵĿֺۣһսս˶ѡ
ˡֺЦҡͷ
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˿ʼֺһԼпԭһֲֺ̭սˣδ̫Щ
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ֺۿ䣬¶ɫ漴Ų̧𣬲ûкˣǰߣȥ
ֻԸŲǰֺͻȻ俪ڣ촽һ˿⣬ͻأ䣬ֺ۵ϣһޱȿŵҰͷųûҰԣǿҰԡ
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һ̣徹̲סĿĶֺۡ
ôܣôܡҡͷô侳ǿߵơ
ȫˣ侳侳ǿƣһ͵ֺۣȻһֱʵѡһˡ
侳ܷ⣬ּ꣬ƺֺֻ˰ɣܷΪּӵܣǺεȵĹ١
ֻ棬ϾЦ⣬ֺһ似ϢǳǿֻҪͷųԼΪ˺ѿѾͻƵ侳硣
صúְԵ˿ϣаһǲԼŲߡ
ܹʶʱ񡣡ְԵЦһ£Ļ֮ʱȡ峤֮λ֮ʱְԵһֱΪͷὫ峤λý϶ְֺԵҪ֪϶֮ʱڼ嵱Уһֱ⣬ǼĶΪ׺ܶࡣ
峤֮λһְֱԵеĽᡣ
ֺ۽ŲԽԽǿǹǿҰѹ伸޷Ϣֲ̫ˣĽһ̱Ĵš
˶Ϊ侳ؾ磬ʵѾڲǰͻƵ侳أᣬΪһ˵ʱ̣ȴζû뵽ûнԼ츳ͷŸ˿ֺۣвĻԸ
˵ʱȵһԼʵҲԸսǲ㣬ֻǲмһսѡֺ۷·һ˲任˸ˣҰƼΪԵĵһ
䡣оֺƵǿңм漴תͷҲصս̨·ȥ
ֺۣðԵĿ¶֮ɫ侳ÿһӵܵ룬ֻҪڶʮ֮ǰ̤侳ôмĻߵľ磬侳ǿޱȵġ侳
˼ַЦ£ֺۣҲ侳ǿߣϹȻǹΪֺ֮ڵֶս䣬Ҫֺһּս䣬䡣
ʲôʸЦࡣɫÿַϵЦݣɵŭһ޴쳹䳡
佫ŭַϣ˶̲סЦְԵˣ⳰
侳ֺвˣû뵽һҲָֻţȡ衣
ְ߳ԵĻɫÿ˺ܶ࣬һķ
Զֺһ֮ɫ
ַ£Ȼû뵽䱻ֺ裬ȴԼԼ۸
ʲôֻ֪׵ķѵһսеŭûطҰַͷš
һǵһμ˿Ц֮ˣž裬ֿʼ
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ս̨Ը
ֺͬĻַ³һ̵䳡øİַֻĽŲڲ


0035 һսˣ
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ڣַ㾹Ҳֺһ
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ַڶ̤Ļȴ·һشݺݵͷĽŲĺһ
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еĳǹڵأҲû˰Եͷ˵ֺ۵ôĽ֪ԼĲ㣬ַǿƣ򳹵׻ģݻжִͻ룬ִȱ£ӰԺ
䡣͸ã֮ɫΪǵǿͽԭ˵Ĳ
䣿ַЦȥ
ζ裬ֻͿԽ
ʤĻַұ֤裬ԷŹ䷢Լַˣ־͹ǰЩŵ軰أѵôˣ
Ȼܣַ㣬ͲʥˣֻǷӣҰҺ޵ķӡ
仹㾹ȻҪҹŭٶӿ΢Щ˻
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䡣߳վ΢΢ţôĶӦóΪĽӦҫ۵֮һֻܷĹ⻷ҪЩΪζ̶һʱڣȴ⵽裬ʱڵϴ
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ֺۿǺܷһ侳ǿߣֺȻҲǿǶַ֣㣬ҲʤֺۣΨܷܺһսˣϿ϶ҲΪŵģθҪҪʵ
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ּ۷ԾּһΪ䣬ЧֻнԷſ£ʤԼǵȫǱǵʵսְԵ٩٩˵˵֮ʱĿ⻹ʱʱͶֺ·ơ
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ΪΣְԵҧرأЦֺֺǴӦַΣգӦϣְԵܻӡ


0036 ˭̨
ֺɫ̫ÿַıѾˣиеοְԵôھûаգַܶԿֺ꣬һֶսܷأְԵҪַء
ôּҼȻûУһ޷ӡְԵֺĬ˰
ףӦ
ַ΢䣬ְԵһԩ޳ףְԵһȴҪı׵峤λãҪַȻˣ㲻壬Ҳԥսǡ
ַֺĿ⣬ɾ峺ţ촽΢³һ֣á
ã峤ּ֮Ȼ峤ѾӦǾͿʼɣϣֺܷսһɡְԵԵ緢ˬޱȣȻֺѾͷ͵ſѹϷɡ
šϵͷͬ⡣
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ܷ걾֮øǿΪͬԴꡣ
ڵӰܷţмŻ棬ȼյָŰɫ˪Ѥޱȣռʱ꣬ʱΪ졣
˵ܷ걾ѣΪͬԴ꣬Ȼ٣ּҾţԶַǷܱȡ
ǣѹִ˴ô೤֧ܷͬԴ꣬ռƣԺ󻹿ԼޱϵϵԼ似ȻΪһǿߡ
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㲻Ĵ룬㲻κεĻᣬһܷ㶼ذɡ
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ЦʲôֺĪΪʤ䣬ʸһսһ㣬뷨жôɡ
ֱ˵Ҳ侳𣬺α˵ôԼַ㼥˵ս䣬뿪ֺǵ֮ӵš
ȻַֺĻɫһ
ֺ֪ɫֱѩ꣬ϣҲһȵơ
侳ֺ꾹Ҳ侳ǿߣصĺȺ
ѹִүгưּҵҰԣĶŮ츳̫ǿˣ侳磬ǳɳּұȻ𣬿峤֮λȷûһˡҡڵּӵܴ˿ҲҡˣΪְԵ峤ּ𣬳Ϊݳǿ
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ϢӣѩӰɽׯֻձѩӵߣѩ似ǳǿֺѩӰɽׯ߳ɢĺ⣬˿ܷй֮
ܿ죬ַһѩɫ˪ѩ֣սδսֺѾܹӰ쵽ַ㡣
׽ַȷˣͻأը죬ȺĿһս̨Ľ⣬Ƿ֣գַܹͬ˸âֻǳ˸ǿļˣֺܷꡢԼֺۣǶ侳ǿߡ
ֺ⣬赭дһĳϢַ㣬ͬʱһɰɫ˪ѩǡ
һסַ㶯飬һѩӽ䣬
ߡֺЦֱӳųĳ˿ܣһɿԵıѩýֹסǰ֮ơ
侳ǿߣǿţȷ侳ǿ̫ࡣַܵǿаɫȴ˿䡣
ˡջأֺԵ˳Х
ţֺüͷһû뵽ַ㾹ܹͬʱʹ似ǼƿأַȴƫƫƵ
ֺ걬ȣ侳֮ΪȻûռƣѩ裬˪Ű˳޷Ϯ
Хַ̩ɽ
áֺͺһַʵսɣ似ߣ졢׼ݡ
ֺ걻ȺһɫѿȻֻһѣΪ侳ǿߵղŻޱȣ˵ַ㲻һȴַˣȻɫ޹⣬Ϊ̡


0037 ŭֺ
ҪֺһѩӰ
£˪ضֺΧռ䣬ѩƮ£ѩӰ׷ɣʱĿռ¶ȣҲ㣬ַսֶ֮оҪ
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һַ̤ƲûΪøǿ󣬷·ûʲôܹ赲
ƣǿжΨвִţһѩ֮ơȭ֮ƣ֮ơ
һףѩ磬Ŀ˪·ƿ
ֺͫһһȸղŵĽҪǿ󣬲ǿ󣬻Ƶǿ󣬷·һɽƣڿռ
˫ַɣֺ겻ַ㣬ǿıѩţڽҲڽֺĽŲˡ
ߣһУϣǿַͷһŲٶȿһâ䣬޿ƥС
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ֺɫԽѿ䡣
ʱΧȺȫˣַ㣬ȵֺһˡ
ôᣬַôôǿֺ侳ǿߡȻû뵽ַôǿ侳侳һεģţܹԽսַ㣬ôܳˣ
ְԵ𾪣ɫѿĶս̨еˡ
ΨֺŨŨЦ⣬ѹСǰţȻôǿһǿһ·Զжǿ
СòƻδͷŹɣһ죬˱ѣǺεȹ⾰ֺĳοޱȣ·𿴵ַһ죬ĶӣǷţǣϣͬǡ
ĿɨְԵһֺۣг˷̡
ֺ꼸񣬱һѩٶҪۣ˪亮졣
е𣿡ַЦҲ罣㣬޼᲻ݵѳɣֺ췺
նХ֮ը죬۶ɵıѩٶȱ˺ѣһֺûֵܹסˣѣѪ
һ˲䣬ֺֻһΣȻԼõıѩиоִ̹ǵıˣˣɥַ㣬һ˼ɣֻҪлᣬַ㡭ɱ
ûֱʱֺʶΣգǰʶУַֻ׸ɱɱûǡǡ෴
ֺֻԼûп似Ѳˣַÿһߣ뽣Ϊһ塣
䡣ԵľɨַĽŲٶһ磬ɱΨнǿϨ
áְԵɫȵҡ
죬ְԵĪҪģֺսַ㣬Ҫ𡣡ֺʲãŲһ磬ְԵǰְԵҪ赲סҲֵܾл꣬ԷȴǣҪԼӵֺѡ
ֺһҽУְԵɫ䣬ȵÿ
롣ϢޱǿֺͷŵΧĿռΪ֮һ
ұģȴҪأȻˣǾɡַ㿴Լ˿ڵֺ꣬Ŀ䡢顣
㲻飬ұԽնϡ
ҡһȴܷϵˣǿı˪֮ͱŰͬʱţַֻ֮䣬ܡ
תһһȴ޾Ľƣ
ǡ
˪֮м֮ɢܷһնˡ
һȴַ붼δ룬תһ
һɿԵֱַӷ˳ȥͷһѪ
ҪֺХһԭ赲ְԵ֮ʱ߳ﵽս̨شַ㡣
ǧֺŭȼգ֮ռ䶳ᣬ溮ޱȣ߳ɫһ漴͸еһױȵϢ˶ˡ
ҡ߳ϴһȻﻹüֱֺӡţ߳ŰݣͫôģĶֺ
㡭ɱҡѪϴ߳ϵֺһƣȫް㱣ֱ֮Ӵݻ࣬Ҫ
Գ֮͵ϮҶӣɱ⡣ֺޱȣһ߳ϵ建ĵȥ۾ôģкޡҲлڡ
˵Ŀⶼסˣ߳ϣˣ
һ̣ȺֺĿ⣬η壬ΨǿʵܹˣʱְԵٶ
ֺתܷĮĵţѩӰɽׯţ治Ҫ
ܷҧоֺϵɱ⣬˵ֺĽŲ߽ɱŨ
ȥֺ꣬Ϊֺֻսߣ߳Ϻܷ͵ϮߣΪֺʤַʱսҪַȵ鲻ϵǰ㣬Ȼ͵Ϯֺβŭ
ʲôֺܷ
ɱ㡣ֺɴ࣬ɱޱȣʱıŭˡ


0038 ̫ϳ
ɱңܷ麮
ңֺЦɱŨ
ֺ֪ʲô𡣡ְԵͼλɫ䣬߳ȳ
ڸҷƨ˭ңɱ˭ֺһɨ̨ϵȺޱȡ
𣿡ͻȻЦ£ֺΪɱ˭
ֺϼթЦݣ΢У漴һԶԶ
ֺˡ
£ּĳλãһɺ嫵Ŷ漴ȺͿһӰУŲһ̤ǧףֱͷȻս̨֮ϡ
һߣĿ䣬üīĸߴ󣬺ְֺԵˣмơ
̫ϳϡֺͺһ漴¶һ˿ЦݣżֱЦݣ常ּ̫ϳ
ƽնּ֮£ּҴС񣬽峤ͳϴû뵽Ȼ߳ˡ
̫ϳϣǿּӵͷһտԽͥŲҪǿṦ
ַҲֻΣ̫ϳϣٳ֡
̫ϳϣֺ峤иûּңԩɱ߳ϣ˿Ҫɱּܷвҵȣ̫ϳֺ֮Ͽ˵·еĴȫֺϡ
ֺЦʲô鵭Įʵ
Цѹ޼ɵԭ̫ϳڱֺд̡
ô˵ġһкէ֡
常Ϊּ֮Ϊ̫ϳϣƺҲȨ°ɡֺɾǿͦñֱֱ
϶ôĵӣ常̫ϳϣ㳤㾹Ҳ𱰣õְԵ˵
õ峤֮λҪǡֺ֪֮ѳɶ֣תַȥ
һߴƷ糯ֺֺβǰţһƣֱӡıϣǿҵĺֱ˱һ˪ѩǣ԰ףֺ壬Ҳߵķݣַ㡣
ֺȣΰڵأ˫÷ַϣɫʼδаĲ
常һƣӴ޹ϸ𡣡ֺѪƺΪ΢ĲţַŶ޷վȡ
ߣҲּѪҲɱ㣬ɡ˵Ҳû뵽ֺȻֱӲһƣҲֻǲ£ܷչֳ츳سɴּ𣬵ʱ˵Ҳܵõôͻƿ
ϧˣַķ츳ƺҲˣǷܷ꣬ûпɱԡ
С㣬ߡַֺ˵
ַ˵ͷû˵һ仰ĵᡢԵò԰ˡ
ֺһ뿪ַûлͷЩһۣΪѾӡ
ּ˾Ըӵ뿪ȴ޴ˡ
ַ㣬֮ƣڵϴԽ侳ֺ꣬ǿķ
ֺһĨɱ߳ϣвˣ˵ɱ˭̫ϳϳ֣˭赲
ϧˣְԵиŮּܷ峤֮λֺʣ˿̵ȺֺԼַӡ󳹵׸ı䣬į뿪ּңֵý
ϧּܹЭγܸˡϿԶȥӰг̾ȴıЩֻĬĬܡ
ֺķݵУֺֻϥڴϣһŰɫӿ嵱Уĺ⣬ûйãֺâ˸
ףôַǰʵ
Ѿ߳ɣС㣬ⵤҩǳãǴĵġֺеĵҩƿڷĵҩѸٺת漴ˣֻƬ̹ƾѾ߳ɡ
лҪллˡַ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ҳûϵⵤҩյĺ侳ˣⵤҩܹκѾַе棬ֺƿǱ̫ϳһɣ̫ϳϣһƿúϲ֪ٴΣֺƱȺ֪ض٣ֻΪֺʵҲȺǿֿ̫ܹ࣬ס
ȻⵤҩܹЧӦʱָֺ߲㣬ɼҩЧ֮ǿ
ףеһλǰ͸ҵġַʵش
šֺ˵ͷС㣬ͻŰɣʱգ㶨ܳԽܷ
ԽַܷЦܷĿ֮꣬;嫣ܷܽΪĿꡣ
ףأ׼ȥַûн뷨˵ʵּңȻǲˡ
׼ȥʳǡ
ʳǣַĿһѩ¹ʳǣѩ¹ǿʢ֮أԶݳܱȣһСּңѩ¹Ļʼң޿ƥУȻҲܳΪһ֮ʡ
ʵѩ¹ʼңҲԿһţѩ¹ǿš
İС㣬ʳȻƣֲȥɱ£ֻߣʲôµģгɣʳҡַֺüͷţЦַüչЩ
ˣǸóˡֺֻһЩȻַһ뿪̤ǧѩݳ⡣
ǰһ޼ʵããֺ¿תԵַЦС㣬ҵ·ͬȥɡ
ףĿ㡣ַҡͷ
ֺһ㶣漴ˬЦãС㣬ն񣬽Сġ
˵ֺ̤꣬ǧѩɱȥӰʧַߵУַϵıַֺ֣Ҳ࣬ţַܶѾҪȥָˡ
ôô׾뿪أݳǵĻУּҸߵķַܷ֪㿴ֺӰʧͷһ۲񷣬漴һǧѩع̤ݳڡ


0039 
谵βϽڵ棬ϴݳǵĿ
·˷ٵرܣⳡꡣ
ʱһӰǧѩϣźɫ£¥
տҵӭС˵漴¥С
ΪԵʣյ¥Ļ𱬣һ¥Ŀ˸ɫȺӵ̸֮ڶ
˵𣬾գּҵ峤ֺԼַ㣬ּңɨسš
ǺǣϢƶѾݳ˰ɣ˵ְԵԼʵǿᣬʤֺһ˫ŮǶ侳磬콾ԶǷܹȵģֺӱϳּң
ӵУȻַϢñ϶¥ַͣ˽Ųֱһ¥һƫƧĽ
ּҷųϢȻҺ͸׼ΪְԵһҶŰɡַЦְԵ˵޳ֲ̹֡
͹٣Ҫʲôǰкַ㡣
һƿˮСˡַԸһûƬ̾ƺС˱ˣǳĿ졣
˵¥Ϣ֮ͨأ֪ܷõһЩݻϢַأԸԼ˱ƣٱҾַȼգһɻ棬ƣңַһȵľȫͬ
ʱӰ¥УһŮֻһͽȺĿס
Բ˵ֳȣ棬òһߵŮɫװݣΪƯ£Ҳܺá
ȺĿⲢδͣǶмŮӡ
Ůûаˮɫĳȹź֬ļɫÿһĶôˣ˫۾峺ˮǣԵŮվߣԵȻʧɫ
ȥɣȺŮ˵ҲĶ
áֳȵͷӦһ漴ֱӳŶ¥ȥԱɫװŮĿѰҺʵλ
С㣬ûλˡ¾װŮɨһ۾¥ﾹȻԱ
СƬ̡Ůַֻһ˶ǣͷ΢ߵַߡ
ַ̧ͷŮԼʵ𣿡
ŮһַϣӸ㣬㻻λðɣҪˡ
ַ£漴¶һ˿Цȡһӣͬϡ
ʲô˼Ůü
ַ̧ͷŮһۣĵ㰭ۣӹ㣬㻻λðɡ
㡭Ůɫһͣ漴Įʲô˼֪˭𣿡
ַҡҡͷԼƣһڡ
˭ƨ¡
̧ͷַȻ˵
ַĻŮӿһƣַ΢ŮͱҪС侳Ϊ츳Ƿѹ衣
ô㺦ˡŮַЦ˵
ַһ㶣Щ
̶ֻ֡ȹŮߣŮһۡ
̶ˣĪҪȹŮַЦһ£崺磬ֱߵַľȹŮΪȻ
ַüͷ壬ʵûȹŮаǸ⣬ңƺûоԼֱͬ˰ɡ
ַ͡һ
ȹŮһͣ£۳ģȺΨΨŵŵӣҪһ𣬸ǱĪңЩ˰ͽỹû뵽ַ㾹Ȼ
С㣬˾͸ýѵһŮŭͷš
̶ȹŮҡҡͷȻվȻ˲ӭǣλñˡ
ֻǣЩȷʵִ֪磬ԺҪע㡣
˵ţȹŮתȥ
С㣬Ǽһﲻ֪ôдһʶĻһվȹŮӷ룬ȹŮø߸ߵġ
ȹŮ˵ͷһξûоܾ֮˴ϲ
ãôûȷ롣˿һĻкޱȡ
Ǽһʲôˣ治֪ôСҪһĸ֣Ȼܾǹʺ
ΧиַĶУַҡͷūⶫĸ綼ڣʸȨ׸ơ
ַŷģֻңұˣŮȹŮʼնûиأѵҪȥƨɲɡ
ΧַҲ֪ȹŮݣŮò츳һ
ܷмƣĿһУ˷ֻԼַаҡͷԵΪʧʵԶûддô
С㣬Ȼ˺βһĪҪ㲻ɡ¥ϣһ䵭ɫһ˭˴󵨣Ȼ˵
ǺǣСõˣЦһ漴¥ȥ
С㣿ּҵܷѹָҺа壬˵ܷȣʵǿӡ
û϶ܷû뵽ݳһҫ۵ľλŮӣ˫ޡ
ղŴܷĮַ߰㼫Ϊ졣
ϸȺַҲõ˲Ϣԭݳһ˾ۻᣬܷˣżļҵźԼɢᰵˣ¥ϡ


0040 ҥ
վַ̧ŲһΧŷ̸ȺԱߣĿ⡣
Ͼղַ㲻ʶ̧١ľٶ˾֪
𣿡һ˲̫ѺõĿַ㣬ʵ
ַȡһϣЦҿ𣿡
ԡȻԡ⼸˵ɫһ䣬Ѻõ̬ھ½ҪĻұǽԼԪʯڵͼҲȨ˶ԣԪʯ̫ݳޣǵĿҪά֡
ߵĿǷǳģڽû˻᲻ϲ
˿ճ˸λַ£ַʵֵʲôҪæ𣿡
ţЩ֣ټӵˣΪ£ַʵ
ֵʶˣ׼뼸ݳǵĻ䣬ˣСͨӵܣ˼Ȼﻹһ㺬塭
˵ͣ£ӵ֪ÿݳǵĻ䶼һ֣һȻҲ⣬ǳĴľӢӵǰ˵ؾۻᣬΪʵ֪֪ˡ
ַЦЦݳǾл䲢ʲôܣҲΪĻ䣬ſûлţѡʱ¡
˵˴ݳǵĻͬ벢ڸݳ֪꣬Ǽ٣ַ㲻¶ۼʵ
ûȷôһ£ݳСͨۼЩˣֻҪҪμӴ˴λݳ츳꣬ͨᰴﵽĿġ
ˣлλ档ַ˵صԼλѾõԼҪ֪Ϣ
ԴַžƲˣ¥ָ롣
СӣﾹȻҶС㲻ȥʱһĮþ¥ͻȻ漴˾Ϳͨ¥ĽϣӰ£һǸղŮһǸղȥ
ǼһҪùˡȺĿⲻͶַ㣬ż
һﲻ֪ϣԺ۾ܷ㣬ʲô˶ܹǵġ
¥ȺأԵǿַˣɲ˵˾˵ġ
ھ¥˵ķӦַ·ûпԴɵţСƣСˣĿı顣
ߣЦһ䣬ĳַ
㵹㣬Ȼ˵Ȼߵַߣַɵͷţ˵׼ܺɡ
ϻôʲôֱӷϵǡŮͷ˵
Ǻǣá˦棬ſȣ絶
ַԴ̧𣬱ɨһۣȻ
ϵȻʧΣû뵽֮˺ȻҥԵˣַ㡣
Ȼ֪ЩҥԴ󲿷ֶǼٵģڲǰ¥ۼʶַʵǿ󣬶Ϊ˼ΪԵðԵݣǷһʵ䣬ޱȡ
ң˵ַ㸸ӱ𣬲ΪְԵǿƣΪּҵ̫ϳϳˣַ㣬ּϷâ¶
ַб³һ֣ͷַķâԺжַӡȫغϣĽŲҲĺˡ
㻹֡Ůûжַϵַ㣬ˣɵ΢ŭ
·ûĻ㣬תߡ
˵ţȻֱ뿪
𣿡ַĮĽŲ΢΢һͣûлشٶ̧ŲӲŮȥ
ַЦѾжϣЩ֮ԼԸ֣ǰƫƫﻹ˵ôƯ
֮һַվɫϣñסԴ˱ɫס漴̤֮С
¥˿ֵ꣬ʡ
˭ȻһԺȺв²⣬ǻΪַˣȴû뵽ԷʵıȻǺηַ㡣
ʲô˼Ů˦֣ŭʵ
ַ㡣ش
ּǷַ㣿
ʲôּҷ̶㾹ּҴĹǳϢּյϣַһڵϴں侳ֺּ̫꣬ϳϳֺ֣վͲǱַնɱ
ʲô˵ܹ侳ֺ꣬նɱôܡŮŵ
ǧȷ㲻ŵĻȻѯС㡣Ц£ϴ¥ַ֮ǰҲΪַʹԵǸּҵĳ裬Ȼʵ֤ⶼֻּҷųҥԣְܿԵΪﵽĿĶΪ
ʵֺҲ´ˣʵϣǰַȷǸ
ַ¥ǧѩû̫Զ˾¥ԶһҿջڻּңݳҲûطסֻоסڿջˡ
ѡһϵȷ䣬û˴ţַ㿪ʼߵ̫ǿʵˣΨеȵʵǿ󣬲ܹ˳ĽЩ˴Լ͸׵ȫֻء
һ죬Ҫּ֮ΪΪڣңַ㲻һ̫Զ


0041 ҹɱ
ݵУַ㰲ڴϣͷŵĺڰеżΪ¥ĶֻҪԸ⣬
Ԫӿַڣһɴ׵֣·Ҫ侳۷ľ
ȵµܹŶǴ侳̤侳֮ʱٲɱУɱΡ
ʱڿջΧһӰѸٳſջ£ջУ飬飬ңЩ˵϶Űţǹţǹǿ侳֮ˣԽȫעţǹС
ֶŷòҪʡ鷳Ⱥм߳һӰеһӣʱЩֵȺ¥ݶȥֱֶŷ䡣
Ƭ̺ʮӰȫ˵ֶŷ棬Ϊ飬ֻ˶ţЩ˵ʵȻһ㡣
ꡭһֻЩȫеţǹӱȡ£Ź
š
ˡˡˣ
ļҷǿùֱŶ룬漴洫һ¡
ȥͷֺ֮һʱȺһŽ߿Ŷ롣
һˣžµľڰԵĹзľܣѲΣȴƺû˵Ӱ
Ӱȿ뷿ŵУĿ⾯衣
Х
һĮͻأ𣬱ĽһûҽУӰֱӵ¡
ַЩһ̤ջ֮ʱ֪ˣʼδ⣬ֱ㱼ֶ¥֣ſʼѣԷƺǳġ
ַһֱڽŴԱߣпǽϣǣԷδ뷿֮ǰܹ˵Ҳз
ַ㿴һʸǿҵХ뷿֮ʱԼԼ緢ֶУȻֱɱ
ڽҵͬʱַг˱ɱ⣬ֺ飬ֱնɱˡ
˭ҪɱԼ
ַǿԵһִҽУͬʱӰʹöȺδüӦ֮ʱַӴ˳ȥ
׷Ϊ֮ɫѿŭһȺҰһӴ˳ڵء
ҹػ谵߷ǳ޵ãѿ·;ڿٱ֮ʱ
ַ㵹û̫Ӱ죬ӵкڰ츳࣬йټΪ񣬼ҹɫ谵ܹԶĵ·
ȺҲŲ̤ϻˮԶ
ˡ
ַԴһƫһ֧ʸӶԷɹǿľ羹ʹ
ʸ֮˵ʵȻ侳أļȣҲ˶١ַƵʵ侳أһӵǿļ꣬ļʸԲ˵Լ֮ļʸܹȣȻʵǿ
ַû뵽ڰҹȻôһȺ˴ɱԼҪԼ
ˡˡ
ʸƿնַ΢ļʸԽɻЩ˲ʵǿ󣬶ҷ·ܹѵ㣬ļʸ׼ޱȣʱյǡôһһ
УȥĻߣʸСַٴζһаЩ˵ʵ侳أʹüʸ¯࣬Ĭַ㼴Ṧռƣ޷Ⱥˡ
ٱнˮմַˮѾ͸ַһ࣬㿪һ漴ĽŲȻֹ˲ת
Ӱ
ɱ
ɲʱַ̣㲻ֹͣǰṦأһӳˮУһѪˮڿƮ漴ˮΪһ塣
ǰ⧲䣬һַնɱ
Ѹܿ˵ʮ׺Ŀⶢַ㣬ż־裬꣬ѾնɱǺüˡ
ƮΣַ㿴ŶԷһȺˣĿȺмһϣɫ£Уһȡ
ɡַɫ䣬һһ٣ȵˣ
ĿһɨȺַЦ˶ĸ֣ݳҲֻмˣӦûôְɡ
վȺм䣬ַĻиһ˿֮ɫ
˵ּҼֺ֮ǷȻʶַ㣬츳ڣӦҲͬһ㣬ϻۻǣֻǿϧ
ϧʲô
ϧţҲû˻֪ĵˣҲվֻˡ
ΪһССĹڣôңҹɳӣҪأַżֳŪЩѵأһߣʱַֿȻ֪ȺǾӣ˽
ַֻ벻׵ǣȣҲûиӣټǳҲҪַƺԤϴˣﲻҪҲϧҹϮɱ
ݺε󣬸߸ϣܹģƾĲַ㣬ϧ߳˵Ȼ·һжô˳£Ȼ
߸ϣַЦһ֮ŮȻλ磬ҲԹƣû뵽ưĿˣܷ֮˿
ȻҪɱңǱ㶯ְɡڰ֮Ӱַı֣ںڰУϢûжϢûַ֪ͷꡣ
ϧַ㵹ҪЩˣϧ
ڰںڰ·ַһ˫۾ʱַ㣬оΧһжԺУԲ֮أκһк춯޷ĸ֪
ݡ
ƿյļʸַԷɹַ԰˰ͷһĻʸɫһֻͷǺҹ˫侲˿¡


0042 ҹ
ͷַԼûʶ˿̵жô侲Լţƿصĸоüʸƿյ֮ʱҲƫƫԴӵޱǿҵԼ侲˭㡣
Ųһ̤Ӱַ˲ȺǰöԷļʸ޷á
׼˷ָֻһ޸Ҫȴһ֮ն޿ɱܣһĨɱ
ͷ꣬ɱһԼȴˣַǰʱһַĵ׵η壬ǿ˫侲µо궼ڼ¶
Ļȫţҹͻأ
ַһֲܹޱȣҵȵʵǿʵԽͷŽ˲ƣ߱޹ǣΡ
˳Ϣ·һڿӣûй켣Լַּ㣬˵¶һ˿Ц
Ȼ֮ʱһĿĹ⻪ʹ۾漴㱻⽣û
쵽¡׼¡µĽûκζĶ˲䣬նɱ
ӳһַĶδֹͣ⻮ҹѪ֣һ˵ںҹС
ʱ侳ؾΪޣַĽ£һУַʱľ׼ԼٶȵѸݣǸ㲻ˡ
СһǴַХֱַţһ±Уַ㲻Ҳʧȥս֮
㣿
ַ׼תһ̣ǰһǹƿնͣǰлʱиɻַɡ
ɱ
ַһַɳֱӲûǰ֮˵ؿڡ
彩ӲԭأĿŵĽζû뵽ʱַ㾹Ȼ
ͬʱ侳أȻַȷǿ˶ֻ࣬Ҫһ˻ַ㣬ַͱȻˣ˵ĴۣηΣ֣ô뵽ַ㾹
ĿĶַ㣬ǰҪַôǴеġ
ǣ
һԵޱȵı֮ХȸղŸ貣Ǵδ٣ʹǴͷ­Ѿ𣬶ַУմѪ
ԭˡ˱۾Ȼ¡
ʱǿͷ­Ÿոմӿе䣬Ⱥֹͣ˹ղ貵һ˭޷ܡ
νѪڰν˲侳ܹ֮ġ
Ⱥǹַ㲻ǣһ貵Ĺ⻪ţÿһ⻪Ľ٣ѪΪģûһ˷ѣÿһͷŵǿ
ʱַ㣬ҲѽʴǣУ侲⣬ֻĮ
һµǿߣ岻סĲţЩȫ侳ؾصǿ߰ڳҲһǿȻʱȴ絾ݰ㣬ַնɱһɱһˡ
ʲôַĽ˵ңַ˫۾侲־壬ɱ¾еַ㣬·һˡ
Х֮ԽԽʢˮڸǣǰĿռУ·ֻʣݺĽûңɽڲǿ
ӡ
ѹԺֻʣΨһͷԶħ
ûκεԥתߡ
ߣ˵ɡϷʵںҹԵøĴ̶Х֮ȻӰ٣ֻʣַĽŲڻˮ
ŲӲַ㣬һȿ޻ҪѿЦݡ
ַ㣬Ҳ֪޹أСҪɱ㣬ֻǷ¶ѡ
ַ֪˵ͷͷһϲ·𿴵ϣ
ԣһɱҲɱˣϧַµĻһһ⻪ûĹ⻪
ŵµַޱ飬תڵϵһ߾ʬ壬ַ̧ŲԶ

һԶԶҹƮ
ַҲ֪Լ˶ãһڰĻҰ֮أϥڵϣɫĺâ²ϨַϵԪʵʰĹתַںڰ¶һ̾Ѿ֪Ҫͻˡ
꣬˵һ֣ܹͨ飬꼴ѵʱ̣ܹܵ
ڵϵַüͷ˿̵һֺصĸо޷˵ĸо·ڤڤʲôٻ
Ƭ̺һ˿˺ѵʹַһ֪Σյʱ̣ˡ
Ψ־ᶨߣܹбѣǴ½ϵû˻ɣ־֮ˣ꣬޷бѵġ
˺ѵʹཥǿңִַ·˺꣬꣬˺һƬƬƬֻǱ˺ѵʹַ˲ҧסԼ촽䣬ѪҺ
ʹô˵ʹַɵ͹걾֮ʱҪܵʹΪ˵ǰܹ˺ʹʱʹȣͲֵһᣬ˺ʹûܹݡ
꽥ַͣʪģҲֲˮǺˮʱһУֻ֪Ҫסǹʹ
һɳƵ˻ַ֮³ǹʹδȥһɸΪֲʹֽϣ޲һ֮
޷ʹ޷бѣһҪ裬ͱҺ͸ױϳ壬ܷ֮ɱҰ㣬Ļţ粻ػһ
ַҧ֣ᶨʹ౻׵һߣûܹǿľģҲС
ʹ޷ʴַǿ־·ʱˣַҲ΢һ˿ɳڣıѣӦû˰ɡ
˻
һҾ徵ַͻȻһɱȸղŻҪʹ༸˺֮ʹַʹñ۾Ѫ
죬ҡݣַбĳ֣һ漴ֱͦͦĵ£ȥ


0043 ѣ
ַһܳΣУĻ֮⣬ںڰƮţȻôƮʼƬ޾ĺڰ
һƬڰ磬ûκ硣
ַ㲻֪ԼƮ˶ãһͻأĳǰڰΨһŰ쵵ɫʣϣ貶Ѥ
λá
ַ㳯ǵâԽԽʢ֣ϵ⾹һֱ쵽Զ޷󼰣ҫ۹âϿգ·һ貵龲Ưǣ˿˿֮ƺبűǡ
ַ㿴Ͽյ֮ʱĿĹٶţֻ龹ſţ޾ַַ㣡
䣡
Ժ˲ըֱַӴӵҹţػ谵һƬжĿĹ⻪˵貵顣
ַзصĺ֮΢Ĳţãš
ڸղǹ˺ѵʹ£ַ㼸ΪԼҪˣǸܹܵʹ
˵걾֮ʱҲҪʹ𣿡ַͫ׿ڵҹ¶һ˿ɵɫ˵ΪԼ츳жôǿԼ־һţ˼Ȼܹ걾֮ʱʹҲһܳܡ
걾֮ʱ޾ʹϮһαһξңһΣҪأʹƾ־ܹܵģ־ᣬûֱӵ£Ѫ
Ҳÿ˵ڱ֮ʱһɣ֪ҵûпһء
ַ㰵һһͷŶһַ̣ͻȻĪĸоںڰĸоΧһжˣڰ޾ĺڰʱǴںҹǴһƬ硣
ĸоƺӵˣԲ֮أʹз紵ݶ޷ùԴޱȵ侲Ҳϵתţƽʱ֪˶٣·˲俴͸һС
µַ˫۾Լ޷۾ڰͫף˵УǺεȿµ侲ĮȻ
ڰꡣ
ַ㷢ԼԴκһ̶ҪԼоĿ¡
ңƺֹˡ
ٶַıһź嫶ӴĺɫӰϣڰӰĶˣһ貵龲ǣ貵ſһҳ·һֱˡ
һ𣿡ַĿͣޱͷ֮ʱܹĸܵһУʱֵĳеһ޾ĺڰ磬һŹ˸һյ飬Ưţ
ַļУûһܹͷţ·걾˫أһأûкڰӰȴΧ磬Ϊڰڶأַ꣬㻹ΪԼıʧܣڿûʧܣĺá
顢ꡭַ㶼֪˿̸ôƺԼˡ
ھ½̫̫࣬ұ֮ʱɱ䣬ûܹ˵֪ȫֻ֪꣬вٳꡣ
꣬һص꣬겻ǹ꣬ͬ޷߸սЩӵߣǵ֮ϣܼһЩǱѰ֮Щ֮пܸı޵ˡ
աַͺһʱ˫ڰͫУһ貵׹̫ҫۣ˶Ŀ
貵ĹֻһţȻַȴ˳˼Уգ귭һҳʱͨգ͸һС
Ժұɡַ૵Ӱɢָ糣û˱飬۾ôĸɾֻڸɾ󣬻˼䡣
̯ɫ²ԪѾܹ⻯Ϊַ㣬̤侳硣
ڰ꾭ѣܹͷŵ꣬ʵ侳磬ȻСûܾѣַѾǳˡ
ӦֻҪ⿪һأܹӵиǿսڶص꣬һָܹͨƽʱҪͷų
侳һΪߣӴ޵ַ֡һЦܹоɱĺڰжֲյĵһأ൱ںڰĽַܷоԵİܹܶԷܷ֮ŮӵбͬԴꡣ
ţڰѾһ˿¶콫
ַվ»ʪ͸ˮɵÿЦ£û뵽һһҹȥ湻Ǳġ
̧ͷһԶķַɾһĮҹô侳ؾ޴ɱֻҪʵһЩȻ֮ء
ΪΪڡ
ַ̧ŲԶȥ


0044 ˭
ݳǣ츮֣ʱ޾ۼһԺ䵱УһƬ
ˣټᰣֻһ˾ʹ˰ˣɺޣЩһһʵô̬ڰ˸һҪȡȺУһĿĶǰ˵
𣬵ڰ˸ѾȷˣǬ侳ΪӵܶҪܶ࣬ղһֱûȥֻǲмѣΪһ϶ģѵȷǬҪ
Աһ˺Ĵ
ɺޡǬ֣ɫʱһ䣬ޱȣ˴ɳٿеݳǻ䣬ûзˡ
ԭݳǴϢٶȾݳǻ䣬һγĴԲ⣬СĵûмҲԲμӣֻܹа˸
ͬģҡżҡּҡļĴҲа˸ѡʮݳһһҫĿ˲ΪеĽ㡣
ϧĴѾȷʮݳǵˣֻᰵİ˸еһᰣƾʵ˵ʱѾ˱ѡˣֻʣһȡһҲѾȷǬ
ǬɫݸߣĿ
ʱֻ˫ֻأߵȺǰĮ˵һҵġ
ȺǬ̬߰аޣȥͷǬһϸ£뵽Էʵֻгֻ̾ܵһؿˡ
Ǭɨǰڣ͸Ųм
һȺûУȻǲҾͽȥˡǬһȻ׼ǰĴڴУǣԼѡˡ
һȻʹеһ˵Ϊ˭ǸȥսսܵĻ϶أΪˡȺͷ⣬ȻԷǬĻΪߺޣȴû˸ҽӿڣǬֶ֮ݣݳҲǳģټ侳֮ºƵš
ŭȺֻܿŷǬһ
ȵȡһǺܴͻأڰԺԵøȺһ˿֮ɫתĿ⣬漴Ǳ㿴һȺ߳
ɫ䲻ȴɾ룬ȳƣ˾̾˫۾峺ɾƫƫȴָ嫵ĸо˫鶯峺䲻µɫ
ˣڼ꾹һ˿Բλĸо
ֵ꣬ϴַ֮㣬ֻ΢£֪֮£ֱƺɡ
Ǭַ㣬˫ɻǰ۾϶£ЦƳ
㣬ҵȵȣ
ԡַƺǬ񣬵ĵͷ
΢΢𣬷ǬĿ⿴ԼҪһ꣬Цŵ֪ҵȵȵĺ𣿡
ַЦҡͷΪ磬ڼ츳ڵ˶ϲװ
̧Ųַ㳯ŷǬȥһĻȺɫһͣһĪǷ˲ɣʮҵ䣬ǼӵҲ侳ذΪɣܹͷǬ⡣
ҪͷǬ⣬ݳĴ츳Ǽ˲ȻΪַǡ
Ҳ߽Ǵˣ治֪˵޴ȻҪҾͷһΪɡǬַ㾹ϣӸ£·վڸߴַ㡣
ﬣ
һĺ˸漴ֻһƺߣǬڵϻֱӻ˰֮⡣
һѪӷǬ³ҵĿ˼ǬϥأлѪ³ڵء
ٶ˸Ĺ⻵ʧַĽ֮С
Ⱥͫſͷַ㣬һǬɣ
ǿ󡣡ͷŲʮң侳ؾķǬȴһж޷סңַ㻹飬ֻԽĴ򣬷һ趯ǬȻɥ
ϻ̫ˡַ㿴δǬһۣĮ˵漴Ųٶ̧𣬳Ŵȥ
УԷǬмһˣǬ࿴һ۵ʸûС
ַıӰǬԺ˲תͷ
̫ˣַ͸Ļ
һ;УԪ츲أ֮컯ҪεԼ֮ģ侳ؾ֮ܣȴ߰ԴĿˣһԩ
վǬַıӰǾηַ㣬ֻǸлַ⿪ļ
һĻ˴󲻽⣬ҲĿ˸·뵽ʲô
һĻַûпУʱ˵Ŀȫϣλᰣ¥ַһ棬Ȼַ֪ݣңַּҵҲ֪һЩ
ҪһμӴ˴λ䡣ַĿϣȻȴ͸һɼᶨսҪμӡ
󵨡µһĴǰϣʱľȻѡ
ʲôô˵츳ڵһֱĴĳֻ룬ʵҲǳǿ侳۷壬ǷǬܹȵġ
ַһлܷǬٳŷǬע⣬ҲʱҪַһʾʵϣ᰸Լ
ַ㿴һۣŲȥվϵţս׼
ҫ۵İɫٶ˸ʹ˵ûзӦҽһԼ
죬侳ַ֮һѾԭ֪˶٣Ҹӵľ׼
ַ֣סĲӣ漴Ŵȥ
ַҪμӻкá
£ַһ߳嵹ɶ漴صĵڹ㳡еȺǰ


0045 ս̨
Ⱥ𾪵Ŀˤǰ꣬
ʵȷǬҪǿݳСɱַһ˳ַĺ
˭ÿ
ĿӣҪ˭ϵ꣬ô֪ݳôһ
֪꣬Ǵбּķ֪θ롣
еˣҲֶַסһ湻ġ
˭𣿡ַعĮһɨȺôеļ˸о΢Ҷԡ
ǺǡЦ£漴ߵַߣһԺеȺĿڻδȥķǬϡ
Ǭһɡ
Ǭ£һԵַ㣬漴ͷá
ᰶַ˵һŲŴȥ
ַҲûоܾһСԺм䷿ݣű£һľǸĵط
׼ôȥμӻ𣿡
һʯǰᰶַ
ַë£˼Ŀᰣ˻⡣
ûв´ĻӦҲ侳˰ɡЦַ㣬˵ʮ侳츳ǿ㲻Ϊƾ̤侳ΪͿԿּҺͳɡ
͸һһоƿصЦݣһּҷȴʮ̤侳磬Խڼŵַ֮㣬ҳϺܶ˶ˣӦҪˣɲ١
ַ㾪ĿᰣŮ֪黹治ٰҲô򵥣ֻһ츳ڵޡ
˵ҸΣַҲƣ֪ܶɡ
鲻ԵƬ̣ȻһЦƽյмĵζò˵Ưᰣ¶һ˿Ů̬ĺЦݣȷʵˣֻϵһװЩ
Ȼ⡣ַҡͷ
߽һ䷿ݵУûַȶˣֻУһ˸ɫĹ⻪
ߴǷʺϡ
᰽֮ݸַ㣬һɫߣֻһ˫۾Ͱ¶
ַӹᰵݹߣϣƫУúʡ
ߵַ͸żأŰ£Ž¶峺żͣ΢Щʧ
ս֮ݳǿ϶вŮӱסᰴȤЦȴްţ˽ǿҵĺ֮ģַ㱾òݣߣǸݵ˼ɫʣټʵݳһƬСĲˡ
ּ֮ˣζ뵽ձַ㣬ڻܷҫ۹âɡаȻţһλǣܷͬҲַ㡣

峿ݳǵȺԾ˶ĳݳǵĳһط۶ȥݳǳס֮ء
ݳǳۡҲңλݳƫ֮أʵĳǱǱþɣ֮ߣΪ׳ۡ
һĴͨǱУյĳۡΪգݳǻ֮գÿݳ䶯Ĵ֮һܹݳῡܣհǵǿʵܹݳǼеҪ
ʱַ㣬ҲЩȺС
ɫߣַһ飬Ⱥ׷õַָ˽Ŀ¶֮ɫ֪úˣڻս̨ϣӣ緢ңܱصĻǵǰ;һƬ̤ǿ侳Ҳǳ֮¡
һۡͿǰʹˡַ㿴ϵĳǱа½˵ǿޱȣ˾ǧ׾٣ɵĽȻҲΰǷǰܱ漣ˡ
ǱУһ⾰޴䳡ޱߣܹʮˣǳƽʱѵ˽֮ء
ڴʱ޴䳡ȴս̨룬ķΣĴս̨λĵ㣬м䣬ӵߵս̨
ͬʱս̨Χķֱһ̨ս̨ҪߣΪĴе׼ġ
λĿ̨϶ѾȺֱΪżҡּҡļˣ˵ǰ棬뻮һİӣƷǷ
ǿϷּ̨ˣְԵԹȻ٣ֺѾϣǷһּҡע⵽ּҷ۷׷ףйּҵĴݳǿ˲Сĺ䶯Ȼõ֤ʵ
ܷƯ˵㣬˵Ѿ侳ʮ侳˲ãҪΪҵŮ˸öá
ҲҪң⻰ּ㡣
ٺ٣˵˵ǱߣҲˣǳۺ͹ɫ˿ѷܷʵҲͬ侳磬кϷˡ
Ⱥ۷׷ףʱˣҲѾϵĿֱ̨
ĸߴĿϣһ֪˰Եΰ
Ŀ⻷Ⱥһۣ۶һЦ漴˵գܹһۣΪˣ˵ǰͷݳǻӣ˸ҵң۲
˷׷׵ͷǳǾ뵷ҲҪǱ²С
ˣϻҲ˵֪Ҳͷӵģݳǵ꿡ս̨ɡ˵ˣλļλ˵ͷ֮Ĵǰ꿡ȫ̧Ųս̨ȥ
ͬʱַˣҲͬս̨


0046 һս
䳡ս̨ÿһս̨ϰ˵ӰΪվߵս̨ȺۣĴս̨ķֱΪżҡּҡļҡԼΪɢ
ʱڷ򣬳۵ԣһλվĿս̨֮ϡ
ջ䣬Ϊ˼ݳǸӵܵʵΣˣҲ飬սܲߣ䣬սɽ䣬սֱֹһ׵£ۡ
߻£ʱȺСĲ䣬ۣúݡ
Щ߰ޣ漫ΪأǶս伫Ϊܣ˺˻䣬㲻УҲսȥ١
ߵһ仰ȴòЩˣڲɱ˫ʵ൱䣬Ǿǲˣޡ
˰һȻǴ۵˼ֻ޺Ͼ˴ǳΪڳɱˣȺͲһģܿܳӶ˫ĳޡ
ۣҪͨһìܣȻλ֪֮֮⣬ȴҲֻ꣬ĸԼļ߸ϣӣǶԼӵܵȻȫʤ
ңҲ˵ˣб䣬սƲ⣬Ҳ÷˭ȥԼӲˡ
˴λ䣬Ѿõвսӵսȫ֪λ顣˵Ŀλϡ
ǺǣȻǳİţȻͬ⡣żҼ˵һҲں
ĻҲ֣ȻҲˡļҼҲ˵
ҲûְԵȻҲȥԡ
ʹлλˡ˶΢΢һЦ֮սӵһսʼ̭սսˣʤ߽
ҾͿʼս֮ˣߣս̨˵ս̨·Ⱥս̨սļս̨żҹƶսּ䣻սּ̨սļķ壻ս̨սǬս죬սżҹࡣ
ս̨һοսʮˣʮˣֻսɽ̭һ룬ʣ¶ʮˡ
ûб㵽ߣ׷ս̨ǱֵʮԼս̨
ǺǣļҵǵùȻһսȻʵҲֻ̭ˡ
˵ּʵѾ侳Ϊս̨ʤĶˡ
ս̨Ӧķʤս̨ǷǬʤıս̨ȻǶǳشߣԹ࣬ùˣûаʤܡ
սδʼ˾ѾսӮϾȺս̨ϵЩݳῡܶ˽һЩǵʵࡣ
ս̨ĶҲȺע⣬ɫߵ޶Ǵû˵ҿƺȲϧ˹ܾ࣬־ѾעˣҪ֪ʵѾ侳۷壬侳֮£ĵ֣һݳǺˣȻҲսʤ˹ࡣ
ȺԤҲΪ׼սδսˣ˵漫ΪҪ䣬ˣȥսŽв֪
ս̨ҲֳʤʤߺȺԤϵһ䡢ķ壬ս̨Ǭȫѹƶ֣սܿܽΨıս̨սȻٳûпʼ
ǹ࣬˵иûжˣԷĿһֱļս̨֮ϣǵսϾܿͻһ֣ȻҪϤһ˵ʵ
Ҳǵ֣ϣҪķ壬׻ܣڷǬƺǰʱҪ˲٣Ҳܽһ˶⡣
૵ȫɫߵĶѾڿһֵս
ڣǬһڶϣս֮Ͷ䣬еĿ⣬˱ս̨֮ϡ
ˣÿ졣˰һһֿôˡ
࣬ҪٵʱˡżҼ浭Į˵߰·ʵԼҵӵǿʱԽԷ
ǣӦһȻַ㣬ĮԼȥɣĶ֡
ַ㸺ֶɫߣֻ¶һ˫۾Ͱ⣬ıΡ
͹һղҲһֱڹ۲սȻԷŶֺ֣αżڹĸַ߰ϰЩΪǵνһ
û˵ȥҶֵĻҲʸûУֱҪ
ַûзӦü˵Ǽ֮˱ͿЩνɢţûмܳɴַûɢޣ˹ַ㲻мһˡ
ڻδı⣬ַ³һĿⶼһͣ漴ЦĪǷ˲ɡ
ΨһļûЦַкأʵǿһ
࣬ࡣʤķǬߵһΪ
ȻʱĹɫѿû뵽һûκ˾Ȼô˵ǹżҵڶˣ侳֮ǿļˣء
ȫ߳һĮɫһַˣȻ˼Ҫùɱַ㡣
áдŵŭӰޱȣַĻˡ
çȭһȭԣֲޱȣ·ȭ˺ѡ
ַ㣬ʼղɽڿçȭ쵽ǰ֮ʱ貵ĻâǹһУ⣬


0047 
Ŀŵڵϵʬ壬ȺλõĸоһһǿҰԵĹ౻ֱĨɱĻᶼûС
һÿ졢öȺ̿ˮûܹǴĽ⣬ûκνĽ⣬ֻп죬ĨһеĿ졣
Ψн似ߣ似ӰΣĶַ㣬Ȼǽһֽ˼£ܹ˵زһնɱࡣ
̬ǬĿַ㣬Լ뵽ղһУ֣Ǻ͹໻һλãҲͬ޷ܿһھյľɱ䣬ʵǿǣɲַһеĶ֡
ӿ̨վŭƮŵڵϵĹʬ壬ͷһޱϢ࣬ˣżҳĺӵܣһûнסͱնɱˣ棬úޡ
ɱŭȣصĴ˵ͷ
ַ̧ͷſ̨ŭڵĹ棬˫ڵͫиһĨЦǲǾӦվɱŶԡ
˻ԣ͹඼Ҫɱַ㣬ַܲɱֵֻ࣬ǣżҵˣùɱַ㣬Ȼַɱ࣬
ܺãҼסˡ͸ַ㣬ɱ¶
Ⱥ˻аΪַеϧһȻʵǿ̫ˣԹżӵܾȻֱɱˣһضżܹŹ
ַĿֱӹ棬漴תվ̨ȥż֮ңһˣɱһˡ
ַİԵ̫ˣֱǲһ
һ۵ݳޣȻвǿĹżҼ壬ҷųԣһˡɱһˣǺżҽа壬ӹżвսӵܡ
Ȼż˻ʱһŭȻкҲвдģòҪһ඼һĨɱżҳ侳ĹףûһĶˣһףײΪ౨
ڹ׵ʵǴȥɣ侳ǿߣַԿģַǿ
ĺܲҡվڹżҼλм䣬ַĿ͸űɱ⣬ˣɱ
ûöãһֵսʮˣ̭ʣ¶ʮˣս̨ÿһսֻ̨Ҫս̭ʮˡ
һַ֣ûż֮ˣǶսһλ󱲣
սսս䡣룬߸ϣűսַ̨Լһ
áͷȴԾԾԵ飬Ȼûйͬ侳ޣඨ˵ټвűַһɱ֮˴κַһսҪַ㣬
ַеĿһۣսսս䣿ַͬô
һҹҳڶޣڰҹϮɱҪַ㣬ûǣһеԴֻΪûиѡ
һȫһսܣ硣Ŀַϣ׼ַ㵱ĵʯ
ǾͿɡַЦҪ硣
꣬ۡȻҪҲַ㣬ͷţ󾹳һԵ׳ֱۣңָ񷣬·Ҫ졣
ֱϵѪӵе꣬ϣ˵ۣޱǿʲôܻһȭܺɱ֡
ͷţĴŲϮַ㡣
Եȭ
һȣδȭѵһȭӰƿնХɱ
ǿǳľԵȭ侳ΪѾȭ֮ˡ
ȺͷַֻΧѾŤȭӰ졣
ַзһӰ˸âʢֻһǧȭӰȫӰ٣ֻ貵ĳͷٹ⡣
ɫ䣬ȭ粻Ϻ屩ˣء
ɱ
ַһ֣ģǿĽͻȻǣ¶ûʺ
˵ȻֹסĿùԲֻҪҵİԵȭܹȭģַĽҲܡ
Ե˸Ե
嵹£ȺֻˣĿַ㣬ǳˣһһɱ֮
Ϊ׵ĳȫסĶַ㡣
ôĹȻɱ֮ˡ
ĬƬ̣ﱩһŭַ㡣
̧ͷַһۣЦ˵£˲òҪ
㡭ﻰһ֪ͣη
Ҫ㡣ɫ䣬ɱ˫Ư˸
ַûֱתս̨÷ϻ
һ
˿ַӰипκ˸ַ㣬ˣη壬¡
Щδ̭Ҳа̾òҪһȻͽˣֻҪһ֣һͱɱĻᶼûС
ܿ죬ڶֵսֻʣʮˡ
ʮˣսֻ̨ҪһζԾ͹ˡ
Ϣһʱ䣬ֶԾս̨
Ⱥʧзӵڴʣʮ˵УļҡּҸʣˣżңȻֻʣһˣʣģûɢһɣַˣ˹Ŀ࿴
һ֣ӦҪǿ߶Ծˡ۵
ǵʵѾܷԼĽʵӦǿˣǹżҵŹ׺ᰣȻּһλ侳ǿֺ꣬ڰԵĶ侳֮ûʤӦڵߣõĻܼһ֡
һ˵Լ뷨˶ŵͷӦǱȽ׼ȷˣֻܹ侳ǿߵĺ棬ǳ˲


0048 Ȼһ
һʱܿ͹ȥֵսʼȺȼ
ʣʮ侳磬ʵҲͬһ㣬ֻ˲ǺܹעˣôսǿǿԾ޿ɱ⡣
գսע⣬һ侳ǿ߼ײᰣսֺ꣬һ˵սǣףս
սûκε壬ܷԼĽ˿ֱӽˡ
ʵҲȺԤϵ޼ܷĶֱ䣬ĽĶǷǬȻƴȫǬȻֻĽ߹Уͱս̨Ľûȫ侳侳֮Ĳֲ࣬
һս̨᰺ֺ꣬ǣһսǡ
ս̨ϣױĿַϣɱͷ⣬ɰַ㣬ֻҪַսһҪַԱ౻ɱ֮ޡ
սĻ͹ȥɣҪߵ档¶֮ɫ̶
ַƽվǣĮĵ㲻üңģһ㱨Ļᡣ
ٺ١ַĻɭһЦȷＤַ㣬ַһսû뵽ַ㾹ȻˣȴȻҪս
ļһһʲô侳磬ֲ࣬Цûͷ꣬ͷųַܵţս
Ų̧𣬹ַ㣬ھַֻʣʮ֮ʱĽŲȻһƷɱһʵʵӡǵصϮַ㣬ֻһ̵ַ㣬Ѿ޾ӡǣӹַˡ
Ҷҹż֮ˣԼűȳһ޴ķӡǰַ㣬ʹַܳܵסЩӡɱһɻҪַȻ֣Ͳַţżҵһŵš
ǵصӡۿҪַϣ׵Ѿ¶˲̵Цݡ
Ȼڴ˿̣貵Ĺ⻪֮ǰһһε˸ӡֱ˺ѿһѺۣ·ʱ顣
ײΪһͰԵһֱӡЩҪѿӡ֮ϣɽǰȥһĨɱ侳֮ˡ
á
¡¡
ƽĮһޱȿԵĽ˺һУӡ̼̮ѣƬɢֻҪһ⣬Ҫ档
侳硣׵ɫҰףôû뵽ַʵ
ɱҴŻ֮һ赲ǰ֮
ߣ޼᲻ݡ
áʧɫλվȻһжѾˣһֱͼıַһɱһûиԼκأ˿̵޷Ҫ˵ֵַɱ֮
һѪӹʺ侳Ĺף䡣
ҲǻеΨһһĨɱ侳ǿߡ
һ̹ż˶վ𺳶ĿǰһĻŹżӵܣս̨֮ϡ
ҪһȺĶĤ
ü˵żˣĪҪݳǻ䡣
ɫһͣһۣղʵһȻ¡
ӹ涢ַĿпԿǲܻŹַˡ
ʲôױɱˣֻһ˱ڹۿ᰺ֺ֮սͻȻ۵ıѣϵĹʬ壬ɵĿ͡
ôȥᰵս´ߣôɱ׵ġ
˿ʼڲѣ̾˾ʵսȻ뵽߾Ȼ𺳵ս侳ǿ߶ĨɱˣǱոǿ߶Ĩɱ
ǶˣҲ侳ޣǿޱȣʵԽǰ壬ߡ
ȺʱҲַսıӰ侳һ侳ޣһһʵжǿ޷͸
ʱһսҲֳʤᰣսʤֺ꣬ˣһֵλǿߣȫ֡
ܷĽᰡ
ûмɢʣµ࣬᰺Ͷˣżңһ˲ʣŵλӵܣַնɱ
Ϣһʱ䣬߲ս̨
ֿ֣ܷգսĽᰶս
Ⱥ鼤ڵռԾˣʵԲ˵Ľ侳صޣܷҪߣ˵սȻĶǡ
һɱˣ֣֮䣬ֻᷢײ
һΣսȺ󣬲ͬʱУҶս̨϶
ȣĽ
ĽʵɲҵĶ֣ɡ߰ޱȣ繫㣬һС
ߣҾ㻹ҪߣģӦŶԡĽﷴ
ڤ粻顣һͷţʱ긡֣ĵǣͱַɱͬ꣬Ȼǽɫģ޼᲻ݵĽɫϼ⡣
ֻ꣬ҪɫۣܳƵꡣ¶һ˿ЦݣֻһˣΪꡣ
ݳǵĹ۾ȻǽɫģԵ
Ⱥͷ΢ɫݡ
ĽʾͬͷŶı󣬾ȻõĽӣβϢˮļҵĽꡣ
Ȼ治Сַ㿴˵и̾һۣԳΪ꣬һǽɫģӣҲһꡣ
꣬ǧ̬޷
һܷûԤϴĻһսսʤһֱֿգҲ˵һ֣սʤᰵսܷ


0049 ȥ
ַ²ǰ㣬ĽĽ侳ΪҪߡ
ңʼգֻһ꣬Եȭ
ʹãеİԵȭ֪ǿ˶ٱȭԵ
ÿһȭĽһֱڸˣ޷սŲò䡣
̫ˣ֮ŮһǹȻͬ죬ܼ
չ˶ĸпﲻʵҲܹǸö붼Ǽޱȡ
ڶսֵַᰣȺֿʼȻⳡսһղǰ𺳣ӦҲܼҰɡ
У֪ʵжǿǷܹᰡ
ַᰶһֻۣᰵ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һսˣȨ
ȺԶһ㶣ȨΪַ˵䣬μӴ˴λ䣬ڼԶʱȻȨ
ѵ᰺ͶǰѾս֪ԼǶĶ֣ȺЩа²⡣
ԣȻˣǾ;սɡߵ˵ľսλһս̨ɣ˭ܹ˭ʤߡ
ţַĿһΪ߻ѡҲֿһΣȴû뵽ս˹˻ս
ַ̧Ųս̨ܷս̨ϡ
սˣǲ˭ܹʤ
Ӧûʵ̫ǿˣɫ̫꣬ԵܷͶס
Ҳһܷڻûȫսɣ궼ûͷţ֪ܷʲô𣿱ͬԴ꣬ޱȣΪջʤĻܷ
˸ԷԼĿΪܷսʤû˿ַ㡣
ַ֮ǰıҲ𺳣˴һȺʼΪյֻ̨ǣݳǵλ֮Ůܷɫߵֻ꣬ġ
ս̨ˣ֮ƣĿʼܷϣܷ۾Ҳʼտ
˵ߵУֻжԷַ㣬ƺˡ
ַ㿴ŮЦŮˣҪˣ˿Լվǰȴ֪
ΪһΪڣܷ㽫Һ͸׸ϳּңҪɱҸӣˣ㡣ַĬĬţĮ磬⣬ϧޣͬǡ
һжֻпԼ˶춷
ãĿڴܷƿַϣ¶һ˿߰Цݡ
ʵԸңղŵ£ҿԼ̣ңżָ
ϴһЦ⣬˿¶ưʼ޷ȥиղŵ£Ȼַָɱ
㣬ַָ˵ΪǵŮˣȻһ԰
ԣָ㡣ﲢַ֪룬ΪַоңЦŵҪףֻɲ࣬ڵңһ˶ûС
ò˵Ļںܶ˻ǺģЦҲ˻ǡ
ҪֻͺˣζЦѡ
ָ
˶ĽĿַ㣬һ治һˡ
ַҪָ
ô˵Ӧܳ𣿡ַϷʵɫߣ޷ַȫı飬ɴַһ˿
ѵ㲻ôΪĮЩЦҲ
ַЩԣţΪǵĿһУ
û뵽㻹ô񣬲治ףǵΪʲôʸ񡣡
ڴ˿̣ȺдһЦʮ㡣
ȺֻһӰȺаεضչᣬֱӽս̨ϣޱȡ
ͬһ꣬Ŀ¶͸һɽ
Ԫ껡ɫһͣĿû뵽˾Ȼ
ҡ۾¶һ˿Ц⣺ڻʳ㲻ͨ澶ѣû뵽ݳǣԼǹ˸߰ǹⰡ
졣һ
ô˵Ǽﲻʹ죬浱Լǹˡ겻мһˣǹаЦ
Ҳѡ䣬˵
ô˵ǳԼļ𡣡Цɫһѿޱȡ
졣߳ŭŭһ
˵̸˶Щˣ߸ϵݳǹ˳澣
ͻȻֵ꣬ǺˣȻڳԡ
󵨿ͽҰĶ꣬
ұ졣תһŭȣһݳǵĳѣԲѣһ仰ű𡣡
ŭӿû뵽ſ
ȺɻͻȻֵ˵ǺˣƺԼܷҪ˲֪٣ֱвŭ
áã۵Ҫôű𡣡ŭЦݳǣǵһ˸Ҷ˵ֱޱߡ
ף½ŮͿˡ
ͻȻ˵ɫһͣж̲ס£˼ǡ
Ԫ껣㲻ڻʳǴţݳʲô
ңծġԪЦ£漴Ŀַϣ˵ˣûˣȥɡ
ţַüͷһ壬Ԫ껶˵ȫ·ǶԷһ
ŰԪ껣ַŲδ
Ԫ껵üͷһһҹȥ


0050 ޱȰԵ
ʲôҹȥַĮȻ˵Щ˹һ˱һ˿Ψ˶ַ㡣
ҪЩʲôʸжƾ̡
ʲôԪ껵Ǵһ˿֮⣬ֻμӴ˴λӣҵһ߹ѣȻʲô
ᰣѡʵڲôȻʵȴô
᰿Цҡͷ˵ҪҸԣԶԶĶ֣ɡ
磿ȺͷһᰣȻͻȻֵĿ硣
ֻμӻѣ˭ˡַ㵭Į˵ǷĶ֣¶̫ˡ
Ǻǣû뵽ݳСط˸ôԪ˵졣
ᰡԪ껣ҲվǣĿһɫһ
¶ˣҲңҺᰣǵݳ֮ˣһҹŵ֮ˡԪĿˣĿۡ
֮꣬˸츳ӵǿ꣬𲻹֮£Ϊݳǿļ壬ȴû뵽˱޴ˣΪǿһҹо͵Ϯ¾֮ˣţѪծɻǵá
䣡
Ⱥͷһ£ԪᰣȻݳ֮ˡ
ĺܶ˶˵ңƾǿĽ꣬ǰ裬ҹâʢ֮£һҹ䣬ͻȻݳʧӴ˲ټ˲²ҾټǨ㣬Ҳ˲²ұɱ
û뵽ңǱţһʬ𼣣ǰɾ
ŭ˸Ȼɱû뵽Ȼ
ôɱڣԪһЦۣȰ㻹ǲҪ嶯һܶһʱ䣬ұ𣬷ĻңҲߺ죬Ҿʹݳǳˡ
ҵҪôݳǳЦ
סʱֿںһҡͷͷһݣԪԲ٣Ŵ󱳾ﲻܻηηβˡ
Ԫ껣ҲҶҡ˵
ɱ㣬һһǸҵģݳǣΪ۷磬εİ౰ɣεĲȵգٻݳǣ֮ա
Ԫ껸߰˵ˣһϰɣݳǵţЦ
гޣӦҪȴҵĵʯַаһԪ껵Ȼ֮£޹ء
޴㻹浱ԼʲôˣԪɱɱˣһ߹Ȼ㲻ϹԶɡԪЦ
߹ɱɱַ㰵ҡͷ᰺ԪѪԷĺޣ˶ԷӦеأǣԪȴΪǣģֻáȻĻַαػҪ˼Ԫ껵ĳޡ
ݳǵţҽҪ˿жԪ껻ſͷţʱ˾Ȼԡڽɫϼ⵱У¸Եҫۣʹ˵Ľɫ꣬Ŀ
ǽ꣬Ⱥͷ𾪣ʱԪ껣˻ɫǹ롣
ڼţ߰Դӵнɫ꣬һԡ
Ԫ껳裬Ե÷ŵټɫ壬˸һֲսʤ޵ио
Ųվ̨һ̤ʱս̨ΧۿȺܹоԪһжǿ
ܽ
Ԫ緢һһȭɱȥ
ܽԪ껻Եɺµõһ似Ʒ似ܹศɣԵǿԪƾ似ɱͬǿߡ
ԵȭԪ껹ͬһŽɫȶԷܶࡣ
䡢䡭
Ե԰Եռɫ˫ȭ֮䣬һѤ׵Хһǿ쫷磬ڿռ䴦ϯ
ơ
ԪϵĽɫ⻪Źʣȭӿ޿ƥеƺһ嵹ɶ˼ʮסΣ١
ٿԪ껣ɴŸ߰ĮЦ⣬Ϣƽȣûа㲨
ݳǵ֮ŮԪǰһһжӲס
ԵȭǶ֣ǿ󡣡
ԵȭԹǿԪ껵ĽϲܽӰԵޱȡ
㣬ҲԳţֻݳСطˣˣˡԪ껷˵漴Ŀַܷϡ
ˣһϰɣҲѵһֲ֪ߵغ߹Щףʲô˲Ŷ֡
Ԫ껣һĿĿˣݳǿͬһоͻԪ껣Ҳȷпʸ
Ž꿡ܣǿߡȺ˫Ŀ񣬶Ԫ껵ʵޱȣӵˣȴԪ껵һУǺεȵҫ
½Ϊ˶ǿߡ
أڲҲֻݳˣ𡣡
ʱַͻһȺĿһͣһôĵӣȻԪ껶衣
ԪϷʵĿַһۣЩҵ߹Ҿ㲻⣬ӣҾͷųɡ
ſڱտ߹֣ϰ˵߹ɡַ㲻мЦԪȻ似궼ǿ󣬵ʵͬ侳һأĻղһȭͲôˡ
졣Ԫ껱һϲ˵߹ȴ˸ô˵Ӱ˸޵Уַ㡣


0051 ַĿ
ɫƹǿҵľ˦ַ㣬ȺƺѾַ㱻һ˦ɳȥﶼӲסһУοַ㣿
ȥַһĿ貵Ľ֮⻪ɫƽӳײһ𣬾֮
겻ԪӵǿĹͬҲױȵķǹ룬Ҳ޷˺
⣬Ԫ껵ǿƾ̣Ŀ˵ƾ̡
Ц߹˺ҵʸûСԪ껳һɫٶȱǣַֻ֮ϴ޴ҪĽ֡
𣿡ַ㵭ĻӦһ޿첻ơ޼᲻ݣߣŻ𣬴ݻһУûκˣֵܹסĹ⻪
һֱǿ֮һַȻûн꣬ӵߣҲû
ơַеͺһӰ⣬⻪ǣǿĽڽ²ݣ͵졣
ꡭ
ַĽٶԪ껵ײһ˺ѵ촫Ԫɫ΢䣬Ų΢Ե徹Ȼˣ㿪ǿʢһ
Ԫ˻ԭأַ㸺Ц˵˵˺ʸûУʲô
Ԫ˻ɫѿַҳСˣǰ߹һ
ϻࡣַдŨŨĲм˵һĻȷԳΪˡ
ÿԭۼַ㽫Ԫ껱ȺˣĿ˸ΪԼ㹻ضˣû뵽ɵ͹ַʵַ㣬ȫԺԼܷۡ
ܷҲĿַ㣬ղĿжֻжԷȫӵַ㣬ڿǶôԶʵѾʸǶԻˡ
ȻòȻᣬ츳ڣ£ңһԺͷȻߵַԣ˵ҳС㣬ʵԵõҵˣ£ԺԾҽӴΣ
ָֻ˸߰ţƾ츳ַ㾭Ӵ˫кôټò˺£ַ㲻ܾġ

ǣַ㲻ûдӦ־һն顣
ͫһ˲ϢţԵȭնĽϡ
ȴûκεͣ٣һը죬͵ıЯһɽ쫷磬ҪݻһС
ɫ䣬ˣĿ졣
СַֺһȭһȦȭӰһ飬һȭһȭ·ǿ͵˳
졢쵽˼飬ֻ˲ϡ
һƺߣĵ˷ɳս̨ıԵֻһˤս̨
˿̣˵Ѿ֪ˣַ㣬̫𺳡
ǲ߶ַʵĹ֮ʱȴܻ֣ᷢǻǵ͹ַ㣬һһΣֱڣַ㣬ɴ䡣
ΪԼ̨ܷɵЩЦûԪ껵Ļַ㣬ǵ֮ǰ
ȺܷҲţԪ껳֮ǰֻܷһվھս̨֮ʱֻܷעŶԷȫַˣʱǶôĿЦ
ʵҪַָ㿴дŨķ̣Ů߰Ҳˣ޹أַŭǣﲻˣȴҪ˸أĻҪðҹϮɱҪЫŮˣַ㣬мһˡ
ޱȣ˵ЩԼо˿Ц
壬ӴΪԼ˭ΪĿˣʲôʸҽӴ
ַ̣ҪףĽǶôĿЦ
ɫģȴƫƫ޷
ʱ̨֮ϣЩ˶ŭĶַ㣬Ŀ⺮䣬ɱĶҵĵһš
û˱ȴʱȺˣܷԪ껣ţǣһһ
ûʵĿ˱ӣʵĿѪڣַ㣬ںߡ
һֱ͵һһֱ˿̣ս̨Ѿûĵ֣Ŀʵ飬ŽѪж
㣬赲㸴𣬵ĿˣһδңΪԼ˲𣿡
ַĿһתԪϣ˵˵ԴֻݳСطţôԼأγΪǡţ߹ڵҪһš
ַ˵ţŲǰ̤Ѻ꣬һͷų
ЩƺˣԼͷŹ꣬Ψַ㣬ûУ
ǰ绯һƬڰַͫױ䣬·һ޵׶㣬Įӡ
Χһз·𶼱ûȺÿһÿһ񣬶ԺУֻҪԸ⣬֪˷ֱʲô
ܹԼоԼѪҺͬģҲܸоԪ껵κϸ΢ÿһ
ַ޷ݴ˿״̬·ڴʱܵһУ޷۾޷ԺԤ㡣
͸ɫߣԪ껿ַ֮µ˫ͫףֻһ£޷ݣһ˫ͫס
ʱԪ껾Īһɺ⣬̹ǵĺ⣬Ȼִǰûˡ
ַ㣬ǰԪȴоַĽŲͺ۾ĻԲ֪ǰ˳߹
ˡˡˡ
˿̵Ŀռ䰲˼㣬˵Ŀⶼַ㣬·ؼֻʣַһˡ
ַĽŲûκַÿһ£ǵĶŲһ£·صɡ


0052 ˲ʶ
ʱַ㣬ͬһĸоС
ĽŲ·һɣɣΪơ
нƣأ֮ơ
ͷַ㣬һθоǹɿֲԣͷԺת漴һ಻ɻлȻ֮С
꣬ҵֱøǿˡַͷϲ䣬Ǳϡ
ţ˿ַĶĿⶼַȥ
ǡͫһַֻϱĽȴûע⵽ַ䣬ƺϵһ
ַԪԽԽʱһǿĽַ£ַˣͷ·һһ
ꣿ˿һĻֻޱɻѵַӵнꣿĻôһǿĽ
뵽Ⱥŷ֣ԭսڣַ㣬Լ궼ûͷŹǺεȵǿ
ַÿһ£ǹɽԽԽǿңַҲ¶һ˿ϲ
ƣƣ֮ƣĽ
ǰַʹýҪõ֮ǰͷŵĽȻڣַȴΪýĶ⶯ֻҪƣ֮ƣš
ˣҲһޱȷĽ
ַͷԽԽ泩ԽԽʢȻԪ껣ȴüͷš
ɽ֣ýģë𣬴ַϣоޱǿҵв
ַ㣬ܹƵĽꡣ
ٵȥˡԪ껰ǿĽʴַƣȴԽԽʢȵַߵǰ֮ʱз֮ʱ
Ԫû뵽Ȼᱻݳһ֮Ƶ˾أ˻Ϊ߹
ɫϼӵȫԪ껵Ϣͷŵǿ˳һ޿ƥеİԵơ
ܽ
һԪڷ¡¡ը죬һԵס

ַһȣʱϣһױȵĽйѿռ䣬ҲԪ껵塣
ɽƣԪ껵Ľ죬·ʱѿ
֮޵еһǿŶĽ⣬һ赲ǰ֮
꣡
Ԫ껵Ľ˲ѿ߽⣬һѪ⸡֣Ԫ껵壬ֱӴս̨Ϸ˳ȥ
ǲƥСԵ׵ǿߣַУû߹һ
һ̣ȺĿȫĿַ㡣
ǿǿ
˭ǷﻹţңֻҪһ
ʲô֮Ůǽһ޶ǣûܹ磬ϳΪ֮ӡ
Ⱥͷַǵͷ׳
߰ޱȣĿˣȻҪܺͶȣԪ껣Դ߰Ϊ޵У߹ڻһһԼ߹ֻݳطŰɣˣݳŵʸûС
Ψжţ֮ӣݳ츳ꡣ
ַȻ֪ʲôһˤս̨µԪ껣Ŀޱ飬ΪǵĴۣû˭˵Լͬ޵УԼĶ֡
תַûٿԪ껣ܷͫϣգܷʯϴˢԼĳ衣
ʣˣɡַвκУܷͷ΢֪Ǻá
ʵ൱Ԫ껣ȴ׻
ǿԪ껣ȴַһסܷս⡣
˵˭Ȼ˵ǿ󡣡ܷһյܵĳ
ǰΪԼһؾУе֣Ǹ⣬Լһݳڵ󱲡
Ȼʱ򣬳һԪ껣ף侳һؾУбǿܶˣ㲻޵С
ܷΪԪѾ侳һ۷ǿߵʱַŵĹâܷоһ˿Բλࡣ
벻ü˰ɡܷĮ˵ȻܵǿҳԼֳĮ䡣
ַڵͫ¶һ˿Цݣ㵽һܷԸΪǵĸ߰
Ӱַʧԭء
ܷˡһ֮սֻ̨ʣˣְԵַܷ֣һֱעţַĶѣͬʱ廯һ磬Ųտֱս̨
ܷԼҲˣˣţ˫ͬʱַ㡣
ַһӣ飬ɢ˲Ϣܷǰûκοһն
ҡְԵȳ͵Ļ¶ֱǵ⡣
䡣ǿޱȣڽܷ֮ʱ٣ýƱ΢ܷ࣬壬ɱˣƺһ˵ս̨Ե
ôĹأ׵ľͱַ̤͸ż֮ɫȻʵУͲҪۣҪһ֣֪ܡ
۱ֳĬˣ˴λƫԤĹȻˣҲûˣַ㣬˺Ůĵַ㡣
󵨿ͽҵҪǺˣš
ְԵ۱ֳĬʱ׹ûκԥֱһַɫߡ
ַ㲻ܿƷԼϣ̼䣬ɫѿڵأַʵݣһ̳֡
㡣
㡣
ְԵܷͬʱڣַʵĿɲǣֻӲһ磬Ϯȫ
ͬʱڿ̨֮ϣּ˵Ŀⶼζû뵽Եǿޱȵ꣬Ȼּ֮ˣֻǱּǽˣ


0053 ͻ
ѹ֣ѹ˶ҡѹ˱ȫĨɱͬסͷ𾪣ԭַ㣬ȥɱַ㡣
ַ¥ΪͷɬʲôʸҪַ㽫л˵Ļں֮⡣
ּҵ˵𾪣ȺĿ΢²˭ּҵ˶ݡ
ܣôܻôǿܷɲǰһʵģޱߣǿ󲻿һ꣬ȻǰһֱƲһӵķַ㣬ܡ
ûʲôܵģңַ㣬ñɵֶΣġַ㡣
ַĮ򵥵һ仰ȴصĴּ˵ͷַǿⱾּҵҫǱûַǿ󣬵˿̵һĻȴԵ˵ķ̣ǽˣܼ
䡣Ⱥ𶯣ַ㣬ַּ㡭зޱȣּݲµַ㣬ôѵԶǼٵġ
շһʵ̫𺳣û˻뵽Ԫ껳֣û˻ϵǼ֤һŵĺճţȴǴбķ
ѹҪˣ
ܷޱȡԴĿˣҲֻԼŶѣҿ˵ţǸģְԵϣǵʵҸףҸ׼жӲסȴ̫ϳϣıҸ׼֮λһҸ壬Ǻ̫ϳƾģܷ츳Ϊܷгһܹƽƣ˲Ҹ׺ҷС
ǣ˶ܷǰʲô㣬ǷеЦе߳ܣУǷоڣȻ׼Ҳϣ죬ֻһʼҽΪ֤ǵĿЦǵ޴ǵİһּ̤ңǸҸӵģȫǡ
һֱԹַͻȻٳĬˣÿһ䣬ּ˵ģּ֮в
ַ˵ûּ֮֮Զҷֺ޳ְԵΪΪְԵǿְԵʵֺһУֻΪܷ츳Ϊƾܷ츳δּҲˮǴߣõô
û뵽ֺܷȴһܷŵļӵ˼塭ңӵܣпּδˡ
⣬ֻǸʼѡַ츳жǿܷ׷ϵ
Ϊʲôһᱻ˼壿Ϊʲôַֺʱ򣬾û˸һԼâĻᣬ·˶Ѿ϶ֱܷ˿ַ̣վǸ߸ϵս̨ϣȺۣš
ּҵ˵Ȼڣ֪һжѾ޷ˣǴһ˸ݳǵţǻʳˣַ㡣
ұ졣ְԵԷַĻ߳ŭ
ְԵ㲻ТȡүүҸ׵ļ֮λͼ߸ּң㲻ֵԼѪ飬һҪɱҸ׺ңְԵ磬Ϊ飬ּңҶΪйϵе衣
ַÿһֶޱȣְԵС
ַĬóҪ˵Ļ˭Ϊ˵ȡ
ְԵòᡣ
ּĿ𳤣ڴ˵Ż㲻ҰɣְԵ̧ͷ۵
ּ֮£Ȼʡ۵ĻӦ˵
һһַͣЦ˲Ѿ۳ޣְԵǶһʣַ㣬ҲԳ֡
ݳǻ䣬Уƨ磬ֻҵӮȴ䲻ҿֻ䣬ԺǲҪеĺã츳ڷ⵽ǶʼɣʩԶ֣ݳǳǸЦ
ַͫ䣬Į飬˵ȺĵУֻ䣬ԺǲҪμӵĺá
ܷ㲻ҪڣҾȡ
ַ˵һŲǰְ̤Եͷһ赲ܷǰַ㡣
ַһȣϵĳӽзɳֱܷ׹
ΪáְԵַ㾹ȻһǿϢͷŶ
Ӱ
ַӰͻȻԭʧȴûгְԵܷڵķ򿿽Զ롭
á
۴ʧɫվֱٿտԽֱַȥַĿ꣬
ʱҲַӰǳͫ΢ԵȭȻַֻһӣȭӰʧӰһ̣һĲϣ䡢̹ǡ
ң۱һٵַǰԶ
ǰһɱַ䣬κθ飬û˻ĻֻҪٿһַͿܻ֡
￴ַڵͫףû˵ʧַУǸʱץʵķʱﵱȻףַ㣬ѾҪ£ʡ
˶ԵĿַ㣬ӣޱߡ
ΪûӣȻͬʱм֮ʱȺһΡ
ַμӻʱ򣬾Ѿϵһпܷ飬Ԫ껵ĳǸ⣬ɲܴļƻҵˣΪͲú˺··
Ȿһ뷨Ҳַֻǿҷˣ˴󵨷ȴ־׼ļƻ
ÿޱߵĻ˵ע⣬ȵְԵҪ֮ʱһϲۡ
ʱְԵ۵ַ󱲵ǰǸСһǣűߡ
ַ㣬ͻϸǾޱ


0054 Ѫ
ƿأƿصĸо
ַͷһ̣Χһж·ƿС
⣬ͷŵʱԺ̫ǿˣ岻˿̷һУԺһ
û˵ע⣬ŭְԵۣԻɱܷ˶ΪҪɱܷʱȴֱΪʡ
ΪѵõǣǿʵԼֲ֮ʱԴκʱҪѡҪ侲
ַֻܸп̫̬꣬ˣһ꣬ȴ˸⻹ֻĵһͷţĵڶͷţһ顣
ſ۱˵纮
ſ𣿡ַЦޱ飬Ŀ⻹ǰĮ顣
ͼӽһ߹ңұ֤һģԲҡ
Ļַ³ɫһɫѿ
ߡַе΢΢˲ĺһǳǳѪ֮ۼ͸ˣǴַ˫ͫףûаַŹ˫۾ûκεС
Ų̧𣬺˳ӵĳųŷȥ
סκˡַɨһҪְԵеĽٶȽ˽ﲱӴѪѪ˿
һȥ۶ְԵһλյأҲ˲ְԵɫ
оĿеĺְԵֹסŲаޣû뵽ַôƻȻѡΪʣĻ˭Ҷˡ
ַ㣬ҷ㲻Ůô죿ַֿ㣬Įʵ
ǰ𣿡ɨһۣ۷ַ֣֮ʱһɺĸоּۻ۶ңΪַ˫۾̫ˣַһŭɱˡ
ûٶ˵һ仰ַӰԶȥΪ۵Եʣû˸׷ȥԼҲңֻû¡
ڣȺַӰʧڳ⣬и̾δĸоʵ̫̼ˣַ̫ľϲ
ַ㡣
ַ㡣
ַ㡣
żҷҷԪڵĵطȫкͬһ֣Ǻ֮ǵ֡
ּ֮˵ĿȴΪӣǱּҵ֮ӣݳɺâ֮ʱٹ⣬ȴּң෴ּҽܵ˵ĳһɾ޵֮Ȼ˼壬˺Ц
ΣһսַѾݳǡ
ܿ죬ݳ˶֪һַ֣㣬յּҷ֮ӣȴּҡ
ַȻȥ֮£ʵϣݳ֮ʱֻɨǳһۣ̤ȥ֪ʱصǳأֻ֪ٴλʱ򣬶ȻǾ£ܼϴˢǰܣûܹ赲ҲҪ뿪

ʮƺڽ£ַǧѩϣ̧ͷһͨɽ壬С
һ;Ƿ壬һһӡǰгһգء
Ȼַݳո¶ͷǣȴûаĽ֪Լڸʲô㡣
˿̵½ж嫶̸߰½޼ʣź֮࣬˵ǴӣҲ˶٣Ѿʸų϶ԻֱƺҪˣ߸ϡ
˴λصţҪѡĹ似μſ֮սŵӣҲһϸŵӣڵңһŵӣʲôǡ
ַаһԼÿһȥߡ
¡¡¡¡
ʱ𣬴Զط·ڲһ
ַĿ΢΢һת漴㿴ԶĴسһɱٶ졣
Ѫַһ֮ɫһȫѪɫмƷѪǧѩٶҪֹǳ
˵һƥѪֵǧƽ𣬶֧鶼ǳѪЩݶȻһ㡣
ֻЩôƺڵΧ
Ѫ･нѪϵȺӢ䲻ǿơ
ЩѡһǳЩܱȵġַͷЩȺͳɱ˶ԱȴǣһˣЩĸ֣Ҳ˵Ѫ˶侳أ侳ʲô
һľ񣬴ɱ֮
Ⱥʮ֮ڣַ֮ʱٶȽ仺̧ͷǰɽǵĿĵأƺڡ
ʱַ·оʲôĿתһϣͫײɵ΢΢

Ѫм䣬һɫףӢˣ˾һǳŮӣңŮַ㻹ϵá
⡣ַаһһɾ֮⣬û뵽ȺȻһģԭӢ˵ƯŮˣȻƺںպŮơ
㣿ɫ΢ŭĿַ㣬һԼ֮أҶԼԲѷ˻ûء
ַ㰵ù˱ȳɱȺ֪ҪǿٱҪĻżʵҲ׶༪١
Ʒƣг𣿡ԵĿַϣо̬ĮҲ͸һɲƵ顣
ûУͬŵӣȻϵáַҡҡͷ˵һûٿ
ɽɡ˵һѪ׷׳ƺڶȥӢɨַһۣĿк
ַüͷ΢壬Щ⣬ӡǸŮˣ˴ôŹ


0055 𽣾
ˡַ㲻Ը룬Ⱥеλǳߣݲһء
ûǿģֻԼЩȺıӰַĿᶨ˴ι׼μŵŴȣ̤š
ɽɽӵԴ͵úܵͣԭϴַѵ֮ˡ
ƺɳգ˶ʵǿÿغŶһδȣδȵУЩʵǿŵӣܹţΪƺڵӡ
ң˵һЩ츳ڵŵӣֱӽһЩˣֻҪͨͿԳΪƺڵĺĵӣҫޱȡ
Ҫ֪ƺΪѩ¹һǿ߳ĺĵӶǸһȵ꿡ܣ۵ĶܵõأݳСǳأǳƺڵĺĵӣҪ
ҲּҰ̫ϳڵĴˣҪְԵλԭһܷƣΪںĵӣּҶԣһҫҫ棬ܷɾٸһЩҲлΪڵĳϼĻּҾܸŷɻڴˡ
ϧַĳּҵڶڼ尾С
صŵַϴɾϵͷ糾һƺڵӵķΣ߳Լķţǳ
ʵ侳磬ҪһЩĹ似ܷӳǿս
ϡ߽ǳַͿϺһɢǣ·Ǹĺߡ
ַҼʶϵ緢Ȼ֪ⲻǱϵһѣַͬһ˵ʾȻ˴Ĳ졣
ɢĿһʣ̧ͷ¶һ˿΢Цˡ
ţѡ似ַЦŵͷ
ȥ¥ɡϵĵ
ллϣ鷳ϰæʱˡַ˴ǰĿľǶ¥ƺйأֻҪ侳֮˺ŵӲſ϶¥ңûгΪŵ֮ǰӵ侳ʵֻڶ¥һʱ䣬Ҳ˵һʱѡʺԼĹ似
һʱ䣬ѡ似ʵ̫ˣǳĹ似࣬ôѡǿʺԼģؾǹأû˸ƻƺڵ޲ΪŵӣĻǾͿڶ¥ˣҵʺϵĹ似
ãֻҪ¥þʹáϵĵ
ַ㶣漴¶һ˿Ц⣬Ȼʲôطкſ߰
лˡ
ַҲǳУȻŶ¥ݷȥ
СӣҪǵľϣ˵¥¥ȥϿַӰҡͷһЦ૵ӹľڣ˹ƺʷļžǳ᲻
룬ƺڵŵӾͲôˣַ㴩ŵӵķΣȴֱ̤ͨǳ¥ĽݣɵǳһȺĿ΢
һ˭ô̤϶¥
֪ŵӣѵӵ侳ʵɡ
һȺĿɫõĹٶȼӿ죬ʵǸߵľ磬ܹӵиǿսƷߵ似ֱսֳ˭ӵС
似ӸߵͷΪ켫ؼƼÿһַƷףǳһ¥ǻƼĹ似¥ӵиߵ似ޱȡ
ǳ¥Ҫһ¥ҲһЩڰķѰԼϲĹ似
ʱ¥ݵһ˼ַһмɫûᡣ
ߵĹ似Ҫһ¥һЩַɨһ۶¥ǹ似ƷԽԽȻҲԽѵõĹ似һ¥ҲȻġ
ѡһɡַҵڵܣ漴ʼ
ԪƷԪԪѪٶȳʵ䣬߾磬γǿҾԪ
ע˹ʺκӵֱսѶȷǳҪһʵѪ׳裬츳ߣ޷ʹٶȱ죬ʹΪܵۡ
ַзĵһ滹ǰ˵עӣúѡ
ˡַ㰵һ·ûпעϵѣֱӽѡ⼫˻Ĺ
ַûٿһһۣһľ飬ַҪһ;Ǵһ¥ǵػΣܾܿͻٲ֮ȹ̣ƾ籩꣬ΡȻ
ⴿԪһǴַ㿴ȻõĹ
ѡ似ˡַѡ似ĵطϵķš
ľָ
׾
ơ
ַһһţֲϷ£ûҵ似
˻ƣƷ߾˻ġɨϣ춼ӡ޴ɶ㡣
ʱַ㿴һƷŲ΢ͣ¡
װɡַ㽫˻𣬲ȴû뿪츳һ似ò̫ãҪ似ս
ѰһЩʱַ㿴һΪ𽣾似Ʒ似Ҫ󼫸ߣһҪӵ߲ܲ򣬶һҪ츳ܹ֮һ˿ƣܹ顣
̵Ĩ̫˵Ļˡ
ˡַĿһ˿˷ܣ𽣾ƺΪ׼ģƣѾˣӦòֹһ˿飬ⲻ⿪һʱ״̬ô
似·Ϊġ
νһҪӵ߲ſֱַӵˣЦӵ߾һ


0056 ŵһ
Ȿ似ҿʱַ෽һͻأ
ַĿתֻһаһĮ˵гĿǡ
һַ򳽣һŵӣǱַˡ
似ѾˡĶԵ꣬ŵ۸ŵӵ鲢ټ򳽿ɲǳصġ
һŵӣҲҾܾҡŭһͷţǳԵ
ߣ֣ΪҲʶ㣬ŵļ֮һֻŵǰһŴȣ򳽾㿪Ź˿˵
򳽣СӾ򳽣ǺǣЩϷˡǳ¥ȺĿⶼ߿˵ûŵ̫ԱǾŵǰˣˣ磬û뵽Ӳ硣
򳽣ŵӵһˣ꣬һ𽣾ΪԵܼһŴȿǰ϶֮¡
Ȼ򳽶ɫ΢򳽵ʵ˵û뵽Լôù۸ͷˡ
ᣬ似ҲˡֱٶȷǳĿ죬漴߿
һƬЦȺֹȻûгϢһŵӾͰųŵӵ档
ЦʲôŲҷϵ㡣
ָо߷о˶Цַ㣬Ƕַŭȵ
ǲŵǲ
뿪ַ㶣Ц
ʼû¶ʲô飬ֻаҡͷˣֲˣɳͲˣ
ȻӲĻַһ˿мǲ򳽣ǵԼ
ַҲᣬѾѡҪĹ似ҲûбҪټȥˡ
̧Ųַ׼뿪
վסŷﾹҡɫŲһַ̤ǰ
ַЦһԼһˣԼˡ
ŷƺڸղһŵǰ˰ɡ
ַϷ˵һﻹ֪ܡ
ַʹֵɫ˲øˣĿ綾߰㣬ַ㡣

˵ˡַЦֶҼסˣŴ֮ʱϿ̨ϼ
ַ˻һʱ˶¶Ϸɫַ㾹ȻҲԼս֣Լս
˼˰һֵɫԵЩӲĿ˸ַ㾹ȻԼսоѵʵǿɣ
ãҵ㡣Ѿ·ˣҲˣٱַŵŵ־Ͳƺڴȥˣûٴ
תֱ뿪
ַЦûнԷŵӶʤˣ̸
Ǻǣʲô֣ܽһ㣬˵Ѿ̤侳磬ôǰû㡣Ϊŵӵһˣŵеǰǿ߻ϵõģҲ֪м˽侳磬׼ڴ˴Ŵһչɣš
ַ㣬ûм
ַ㣬֮ûмַ㵭ЦӦ
ַ㣿£ûм˵Ρ
ǺǣԲɾţ侳ķЦҡͷһתֵȻͬΪŵӣҲвģͱңǧûпɱԣңҺܿͻŵˡ
ַ΢΢һ㶣ָղŶ˵Ǿ䡮ƺڸղһŵǰ˰ɡ
򳽿ַһ仰ԼˣУַȻȣ˵ǧûпɱԡ
šַҲŭЦԵ
ŵУҳƵڶ˸ҳƵһ򳽻ص
Ǻã˵ŵǳĶ¥ֻһʱ䣬ôҲҳʱ䣿ַЦʵ
㲻Ҫûңǳڶ㣬κŵӶֻһʱ䣬Ҳ⣬Ȼ˸ûʸ񡣡򳽲м˵ƺڵĹأŵӿԸıġ
𣿡ַ¶һ˿ȤЦݣҲЩʱˣһʱ䣬ôŵӵһҶңӦøûɡ
˵Ц㻹ٴһʱ䣿Цгм
⿴Ųˡֵַ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬û򳽣ַ似Ȼ˽һƺҲ
һĪǷˣȻ˵ټһʱ䡣ǳ¥ŵж¶Ȥɫʼעַ㣬ǵҪһҼֶá
ߡһַҪַĻܳŵʱ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣ򳽷Լе似üͷ΢΢ţʱ䲻ˡ
ٿַ㣬ֻɢĿ似ϣһȻƺȻʱš
ҿ㻹װáҲû˼ѡ似̤ţѡ似ҲһʱĿ⿴ַ㣬׼Է
ƺʧˣֹһСʱ䣬ַȻûа㷴Ӧ·ûʱ
㻹ߣĪҪɡ޷ֵ̬ˣʱ䶼Ҫ˵ˣٲߵĻƻƺڹأء
Ҷ㼱ʲôŵӵһˣţַĮеķ˭ܹó
Ŀ䣬˵ҲˣҵҪȥν
˵꣬򳽱תȥǳ
ŵһˣ󱲶ѡַЦһ򳽵ĽŲ΢΢һ٣ɱ˸


0057 
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ʱ͹ˣ´ע⡣̧ͷһۣ΢΢ͷ
ʱ䶼ˣСӶȻѾһʱ䣬ҵҪô졣Цȴַ
ַҲδ򳽵ȴ̫ãʱͳɫȻ·û˰㡣
ϣѡ似ɨһַۣ㽫ѡĹ似ݸϣŵЦ⡣
Ԫ֪ȹ̸ӿɽ̡ϿַѡĹ似Цŵͷ˻ƣƷ似ǷǳģЩѶȣⲻ𽣾ֻн˶ѧᣬ֮ˣûУҪŬ
϶ַѡĹ似һһгһܷӳм𽣾ǿ˵Ʒ似ƷҲ֮ײ·硣
ַϵĻ¶һ˿Ц⣬似ΣһƷ඼ǳ󣬱˵𽣾ǿƷ似ײ֤˼𽣾ǿ
ַ뱱̸ЦվһԵɫȴԽѿԭСӾȻظ˻ˣѹ޼ɵ
ǳ¥ʱƺһʱɡͻأĲ˵ñϵЦ΢΢һͣת򳽡
֪̹Ȼ˵
Ȼ֪ΥŹأǷӦϳ͡û뵽ϳϵˬ죬ԽӺ䡣
ϴһ򳽣ҡҡͷ꣬ŵӻǺĵӣҪǳҪͨңʲôͷ£Ҫ̡
ǺεƺϹҪԴһͨŵУ϶ѣŵһˣڱУɻŵӣʲôǡ
ַ㲻ͬǰ϶ַĵһӡͷǳַǳַַ㾹ʾ˳ӹģ࿴
ʲôԱ˵оʣӡ
ϵĻ򳽵ɫʱĮ˵Ϊظ֮ˣҲƺڹأõ
ַʵѵ˳մɣʣһӵʲôʱϸõŵӵһˣƽʱϰˣΪԼǴˡ
Ͽ򳽣¶Ц飬ظ˶ˣܾûзƢˣһŵӶҶԼԼõˡ
ҡҡͷ΢΢ſͻȻɫһ࣬һ֣
һһɿԵȻ򳽵ϣ˿̵ıžâޱȣ˳˲һİԵϢ
һУֻ׺䶥鴤ֱӹ˵ϣݡ
򳽣ʱǳ˶һŭȸסˣߣȻıϣһԭɢظˣʵǿ
ղһԪ֮ɡ
˵ʵͻ侳ǿ侳֮ʱһܹԪ
ԪΪԪÿһԪ̺ΪӴҾѹľԪ֮Ԫ³ɽѡ
ϸղһȣеǿԪȻǿ󣬵ǱϿѹƣҲ˵ظˣǿޱȵ侳ǿߡ
侳ǿһǿߣԳΪųϵĴڰ
ҹɫѿ񶾵Ķַһۣ˵ķҲҪμŴȰɣʱҶҪÿ
˵ţתȥ
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ôûлǣЩϼһƶͲס˰ɡһ˵ѦǳԺ󽻸ˡ
£һ˻ɺף˲Ϣھ죬ת˲š
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ַҲ㶣𾪣ǿ󣬱֪ǿٱ
һӿǳУֱߵϵλ£ӦþǱϿеѦ

ʱƺ֮ϣһƴĵ֮Уƻֺ롣
ʱһУ·ʲô
ƷƣһãıǡƺϹЦ⣬λõ˵
ƵվһȺһɫװʿȺˣȻַƺɽĳѪȺ
ϹƵĴӦƯüȴ΢΢ţϹӦԽʹ죬İԼҲףҪϹ轫ƺһЩӽߣ̫ˡ
ÿһŵ󱲣δĻʯϹô׸
Ϲ壬֪ģҸ׾û˽ģֻһΪѩ¹룬ЩгɣҸ׶ȻὫǻعƺڣʱǵľԶܶһ棬ΪƺڵĶ
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㸸ͬһһɳͬ㣬ƺڵĻ֮λģʲôϹ᲻ֻ֪ǣϹΪƺκ¶Ϊȣ¡
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0058 ѩʥԺ
ϹĻ̾ϢʵҲ׺˵Ϲ裬ֻǿϼ縺ĵӣȥȡ
ϹѩʥԺǱµּ⣬ƺĪҪΥµɡʱԵĿⲻƣϹ
Һʱ˵ҪΥּˣϹ赭Įɨһ꣬˵ҪѩʥԺƺԵȫ֧֣ѡһЩǰѩʥԺ
Ϲ˵˶٣һӣУƺ£ʱֵСүָֻˣʲôҪ˵Ӷǹ
½ǿΪ磬˭ǿ˭ˣĶμܹΪңΪμǿ˵ˣμң൱ѩ¹ǿһֻԻҵƴڡ
ˣμҪųҲǲܵǣϹΪƺںһСү
㡭Ϲ裬һʵҸ˵аԼޡ
㡣Ϲ費м
˵ƷѾͷˡʱ֮⴫һ죬Ǳϰ
үүƼվ𾴵ĵϿʦ
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ڶгǡƿЦ
̾ϢһЦҡͷ
ѾͷΪǼ¶İɣҲΪˣƼһ˸㣬ϲġ
һˣƿЦ
㸸׵겻Ҳһ߳ȥ˶ɲһáҡͷ
үү˵ǣƵ۾΢΢һϵƺˣѵǼλɡ
ʱ֪ˣ뿪ɣŴȺһȥʳǡϿһ۶κ˵
áƵͷӦһ

·壬һڣַʯУԪϼ룬ַ嶼Уɫ
Ƭ̣һɿֲַڴ纣ɰٴԪɽ壬ڲɫ²Ϣżֺ֮⣬ԪԪΪ
ãԪַܣַֹͣ
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ⴿԪȻûʲôصЧȴøȹ̣ҵϢ֮ǰǿ㡣
һ׳ϢܹսݣͳսҪǿ
վַĿ⿴򶴸ʯڣͺһ˻ơ
ַĻ£ߵӡַкȻҳʯ֮ϡ
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ڰأӡ죬һƳռ鲼ӡǿҪһس似ϵľ츳⣬Ҫϵʵս̽
似ɲôġ
ַԣȴ⣬ͷŵ״̬£ԻƱֻ̬һʱ䣬ַͽ˻˵أֻһ͵ɣ˻ġ
ַԴ˲⣬ټƺűŵӿɲŵܹȵģǿƣҪμŴȣ֪ᾭʲôʵȻԽǿԽá
𽣾ڶʱڽʵһΡ
νֻʽֱΪ֮֮ݼ֮
֮
֮һɱһˡ
ݼ֮򷨼ɱһС
Žеʽַ˼鼮ͼΣԺгֱͣӡǡ
꣬ͷŶַ磬ֻڰûκεɫֻкڰΧһУȫɫг֣Լ򾲾Ĵг˼ûκܹŵ
۾һӰԺԾ磬ӰϻųһһظͬһǼ𽣾صĵһ֮
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ԽԽ죬ʯַ£˸Уַ뿪úⶴʯᣬȻ̮
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ʵַ㲻֪ǣһܷ֮ӳǿ˽⣬оԽƵá
֮߶֮ʱҪн⡢ƣڣܷӳַ֮Խɶ֮ҷӳǿǻһˣȻ
˭ʱַת壬һ췽̱һ˴߽ĿԹ֮ɫ
ơַ΢Щ죬Ů˵ʲô˼лԸʱץסһ
쵰ҵ̣ңҶ˳𡣡ƽַ㣬·ް㣬Сױ̻ǿҲһֱôģΪŮȴ˿˲ټ츳ĸ
û뵽ַ޳֮ͽҪ͵ԼԼ֮ʱ˵ԼûȤԼأûܹ裬˳ܲ
Ѿ侳磬Űжݺݵ˵


0059 쵰ַ
ߵԭ£ҲҴ󷢴ȱŹ㡣ƿ˵䡣
ߵ󷢴ȱַЦ£ҡͷ߰ɣҲΪ㡣
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Ϊңƿַ㣬ŵĺܡ
˴λؼң״Լ
ȡ±ϱ׹ΪĿй
ȡ粽ŹһǳɣһװԼģУ֮£ȴɱ
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Ҷһɫ⣬˲ϢַĿ΢͵һۣʸ쵽˼顣
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ţַüͷһ侳ԭ̤侳磬ѹָˡ
Ů˺£ȴҲ侳츳ǳˣܷ˲࣬԰⣬Ƶݵλ±ܷҪ߹ЩѪͿԿ
޹Ȼֲܿٶʵ̫ˣ˵ʵǿǿļļٶܳԽ٣ζżѾˣŸոĻν練ơ
ޣǾֲ˾η
ϧƵʵǿԣԶԶ
ƿַһ֧ʸڹ֮ϣٸһλᡣ
ˣұûд̸Ǹ¹ˡַҡͷŲ̧𣬳߽
Ѱ·ŭһٶȴʸƿա
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似˻ƣ侳硣һַʹð˻ƣַҲ̤侳ѹ޼ɵ
תƾַ෴ķܣٶ졣
ַĪ֮ʱֻͻȻĹ߳ǰȴȻɱ⡣
ڡ
ʸХȸղŸ졢ǿ
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ַͷ˫˻õ£ʮĵӡǵأЩļʸ
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ȵһɢƵӰٶȳֻ֣΢΢ţַڵĺţǡ
ôôǿƿַƮƮ𾪣ͻ侳ָ֮ǧÿʸǧ֧׳Ϣӵǿıͬʱʹ֮һʸֲס
ǾһЩ侳һؾӢԵֵַ㣬ȴסˣһΰˡ
ӡ˻Ƶ۷壬˫һĽ侳һ似ϵ츳ôô̬
ַЦЦĳԼ߹һʲô
ַŮ˽Լʲôˣ̬˽ޣַ־㣬ܻ֮ġ
Ŀ޵ɨƷλһַۣаЦŵ˵ʲô
㡭ɫ԰ףַ㲻Ͻӽӱȡһ֧ʸԼĲӣĿȴޱȡ
ҪϷˣһַ£û뵽Ů˻˾ٶɵЩ
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ôҪطһǣԺҪ鷳ˡַǰߵߵʱͣ¡
Դһַۣ㰵̾Ů˵Ƥðơ
ַָƴ㵵ע£ϸ⻬ϵ£Цҷͦɰġ
˵ţַŲһ졣
˺ü룬ڱ
쵰
һַоʯڵס䣬˷ۣӦôɣԹ޵ЩëȻ
һ𡣡
ַ¶˲ôЦݣһǵ꣬ĮȤżҪһԼ


0060 Īаа
߳һ죬ַֻԶӰϵĳĳһ񱼶ȥ
ѣʲôˣ˺ַһ⣬ǰץסһʵ
㻹֪𣬺ڷ뷢޳ˣǷ˰㣬ƺڵĵӶڷȥء
޳һ˿˷֮ɫ漴Ҳ˵ĽŲһźڷ뷽ȥ
ƺڴǧ꣬ڷʷΪƾãҺޱߣ޳Ҳǳ֮£඼С޳
Ψڼǰڷһδ޳ƺһΣͨ޲˵޶ձ飬˲ǿޣ̤أ
дԣһ޳ͳ죬һͷޣޡ
ʱȥ̫ãͨ˶Ǵ޳֪ޣֻ֪ÿε޳ȻΣգҲһλ
ĥʵ޺˵Ļ
սɱ
û뵽Ŵ֮ǰ޳ַ㰵һ̧Ųֱڷ뷽ȥ
ַߺ󲻾ãҲ߳һ죬֪Ϣǰڷ롣
ƺڣһƺ֮ϣһ֮أӰϯضƺΪ֮˺ȻǺĵӵһˣɽ
ص޳СɽĿԶվŲһ磬˲ڼʮ׿⡣
ʵȻͻˣһ˴֮λȺɽıӰͷǶ֪һδƺڣޱߣܴ֮ɽͱչؿޣֱ߳

ڷ룬죬ƺڴӳϵӣϳ߻۶
ںڷĳڣǿ߻ƣںڷԵŭ𣬻ƺڵĵӳȥɱѪȷ硣
ʱһʯ֮ϣĪаվϷƮ
ĪϣһĵʵǿŵӶܶһˡһųվĪаԣά
Ǻǣ޳Ϊǣ͵ΪƺŴ˰ɡ
ĪаЦһ˿ûн޳
ĪϡĪаϡ
ʱԽԽȺ۶Īа΢΢ǳ
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ַ㽣޺ȡȻװУЩ޺˿Ƿǳܻȡ֮
ʯ֮ϣĪаַ㲻ɵɫһһϴε˵ʣ澡ʧû뵽ղĽֱøӾˡ
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ס֡ڴʱĪаַ㱬һַͣеĶعͷĪа
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ĪаһһñַͷϣΪųϣҪַ㣬׾١
ϣ鷳ָ͵ͷ޵޺ˡַЦһĪаͲأܷʹӴãû뵽ھڼԼխҪַ֪ɴûеǱƵġ
˶ôͳ˵ġĪаԵų϶ַ
ųкγ壬ʵĪаλʱл֣ȻŹ
˵͵޺˾͵ˣҪָ𡣡ĪаЦһַɣ޳ͣ˴λ֮ʣ˽ַ㵱նɱȻһ׾١
ַ˭Ϊһŵӳͷųϣ˵Ĳ̫࣬Զˡ
Сӣ±۾㣬ųϣܹġ
ĪаЦһжᡣ
òҪĳϡַ㰵һ˵͵Ծ͵ԣ֮λ޴ǣĪаִȴȨЩݵ΢ߣȴͱַ㣬һŵӣôų϶
ȨûУ˵
Īа֪ɱңɲʲôҲҪǱ²С
ַ㿴ĪаЦ˵͸ǿźͽ
ţĪаüͷһ壬ַ㾹޼ɵ
Īаһŵӣһųϣʲôֱɱ˾ǣҾվ
ַ㿴Īаü˵ޱȣûа㽫ĪаųϷ
ѵĪаɫһͣ뵽ֵӰӣͷ̲סһ¡
ȷǿߣòȻһַһΣһΣ˵ڸСô
ǿֲӰĪаɵͷ̫ˡ
ĿĶַ㣬ַֻɫ̰Ȼûаη塣
γ壬ȥĪаԵĺγ˵ɱַ㣬ֻ˵ãиԼء
áγӦһҪǰ
ַ㲻мɨ˺γһֱۣ
˵ʲôγŭһŵӣȻҵȺд
ĪаҶң㶯֣㣬ûУ
ַЦĿźγ壬˵˵㣬һĪаóȨﵱ㿴ĪаҶ𣿡
ĪаҶң㻹˷쳣˵Ǵѵд
ַ侲úγ˸ԥ
Ŀ͵͵ĿĪаһۣĪаŭޱȣȴûаֵַ˼γ嶯ҡˡ
ĪǴǿ󱳾ĪаԼγа⣬ַĪаĶԻԽԽܣĪаվף˶ţγȴֻһˣһٲ
ʱΧЩƺڵĵӿ߷һУɵĿɿڴһŵӣƾ輸仰סλųϡ


0061 ħ
ɱֲңʲôųϡַ㳰һתһһͷͷ­£ޱȡ
ַаЦγԽӲҶѾַĻͬĪаҲðգһֱϵĺڰ֮Ӱ̫ǿˣʹڻûӰ
޳ԽԽ񱩣ƺǰԮĵҲһĿɢŶĿĹʣȺпʼɱ·ǲޡ
ҲˣַȺ޵Ѫңַûʹ侳ʵֻǷ侳ص·ÿһǼǿ
ַĽѾ졢׼ݣʹʹýҲͬǿޱȣȺʵж
ļһаַ㣬ӱȡʸƿգֱӽַ׼Ըһͷɱ
ַعͷ񣬵ȻһЦ⡣
𡣡ʱһŭŭزֻ涼Ҫ̮ɵɫ΢䡣
ǿˣ쳷
˿ʼˣһɿֲĺԶѹȶֻһ·ľ̼ή
ÿ¡
οˣּҲޣŵȥԿĻ
ַͬоɳβϺ󳷣ûŵΪƾֵܹס޳ղһ޲ССֶѡ
Ȼַ˵ʱһǿѹ֮ϣӺƶ壬ν޷ˡ
ַŭһ䣬ŭĪаҲ˭֣ΨĪаⳤܹ˴ѹ֮־ܹ赲ס˵Ρ
ַŭĪа޶ԣЦһŵӼ仰ŵ涼ˣ֮ԽԽԣӰӵôһֱַ㣬Īаϸ۲ܣûжӰӡ
ȻĪаҲȫȷԷڣַַ̽㡣
ǿԽԽط·Ҫ߸ȺֻԶһźںܣǸǿޣûһͷϣļµϢ
ˣĪаϾȻˡ
˶ӵĪаΨַ㱻赲סȺȻĪаΪɵаַ㲻ʶʱǵﳤϵ³
ǿҴɡ
ַоεŭһӰ˸ҪƹĪаˡ
ߣӰǿ߲ûиšĪаЦȴΪƺڵӣӣƺ档
£Īаϣһ˳Ϊ׳ٶޱȣ˲ͽٵַϡ
ַ㱾ͽӲȻһ˲ϣܿ죬һ㣬εĲס޷
꣬Īаꡣ
ȺͷһĪаҪַأһŵӾҶԿϣѾע
ҲЩаԱģųϳֶԸһŵӣҲխĪаܹóҲֻҽ뷨ĵף˵˭ȥŭĪа
ɡַŭһ˸ǿһҲֻиһӣ޷
ַȻ츳ڣԸͬǿߺѹܹսԼߵˣĪаΪųϣ˵ʵ̫Զˣ츳ֲܹģĪа޳ַܼ޼ƿʩ
ųϣòҪ
ʱһĿһͣ˵֮˾Ȼƣòˡ׷ŵơ
ţĪаüɨһۣһȴҲҶƣȻ֪ƵƵĸ׺Īͬᵽ֣ƺ֮뵽ȴǱĪһֵ
ϹͬΪƺھ˫츳ǹ֮ͬˣʮ
ͷŶ֣һδ֧ʸȥ
һȻƼȻ͸ַ㣬ҲĪаС֮٣ֱԳƺ޳ܡ
֪ʸκεôƻ˳ȥȻȻûкꡣ
ַһ˿Цɫû뵽ΨһվԼ˾Ȼơ
նһ̫ˡַа̾һûϵĪаûϵĪаɵ̶ֳȡ
ңֻĪаǿһ˵㣬û˸ҷſǸ⣬Ƶķ޼¡
𡭡ȺͶٶ죬һź赲ǰһȫɽУǿޱȡ
ǿĻħޣӦõ߼ɡĪаܵɿֲϢа߼ޣ൱侳ǿߣټʵͰԵֲһ侳޸ħ޵Ķ֡
ַ㡭Īаһ˿ɱ
Īаһδ
Īаɫһ䣬Ŀһݣ꽫ַ˦˳ȥǳȺ˦


0062 
󵨡أ񱩵ŭ˸оޱѹ֣ȫڲ²⣬ǺˣƾȻ˵ǿ
ɺ׻һ˸գ˦޵ַ㣬ɺӰǰ׹䣬ֱЩ޶ȥ
·Ǹܵ˵ĿֲƣЩ޾㶼ʼ˻Ļħȴ˴ֱ֣ӽ͵ǰַУ漴ȥȻ׼롣
޲ܹԪͬʱϣǳߣܵɺ˵ƣ׼롣
ɺ׵ޱȷ⣬ЩǰһʱЩѪɣض
ֲǿޣȻ˵һ֮Уӵжǿ󣬿֪
ȻޱͬʱħĺɢɫɢַӰȴȻʧ
ħޣħ֮Ȼ̬
ȺһĻͷħޣûǧûУʹǿ࣬ҪץҲѡ
ɺȻһԵޱȵ쫷紵㵹漴ǾͿɺӰʧźڷ׷ȥ֮ʬ
ǿǿϢ
ƵĴӣȻӵд꣬͸ղŷɺӰȾǸԲһ
˶ǵһμǿ֮˳֣Ŀ˷ܣ²˭Ȼ˵ǿûκ޸࿹⡣
ƺڲǧţʢһʱصĸ̫ˡ
ԾŻ棬ϣгһԼҲܱǿ
ʱ֮ⲽò˺ȻϹԼĪ
ô£Ϲ彵ڵأĪаǰá
ĪаϽŵס޿СĪаδڣһԵ˵Ŀдų֮⡣
Ǻַ㣬ϣԼضʧϣַ㣬ȴַԩȥַ츳ǱҪǿܶడһŶԼŵĳ֣֮
һŵӲԸޣ͵ɱ޺ˣӣӸĪаȻϵģַϾˣ˭κ
һӸҽҪ
һޱȵı쫷ϯȺˣ޷վȡ
Īаɫ䣬ϢŶȴֻһޱȵֱӺϡ
¡¡
Īаɽʯ֮ϣʯ鱬ѣĪаѪ磬ɼһжôĿ񱩡
ųĪаֱӻɣѪǵĪаףִĪ档
ȺоһĻϷ㣬š
ٿˣһߣ˶ϵõߡ
ػǳˡ
ͷΪŵӣ˵˶һȥĳطôһǳˣû˻᲻ϵñϡ
ǰ޾Ŀɢʵȴ˵ġ
ֻʱıĿгɱĪаΪųϣֶ֪Ըɱ㣬ƺں
ĪаɫҰףû뵽ΪһŵӸɱġ
һӰĪаǰĿ⾯裬Ī
ϣǷ˵ɡ
֣Ī̳ĺöӡ̬䣬˿Īӣȵ
ϣα˴ŭϹǰȰ
Ϲ赱Ȼ֪ĪаƷԣƺڶԣĪамֵģĪʵƺǶģƹִĪаܶȻŸ߲ìܡ
ÿҾҪΪŻϴʱýȰַ㣬ŵѡȴųĪаС
ϡϹһͼñһЩ
ĪаãΪءϹ贫ϵ
Ϊأϵ¶һ˿˵ЦΪأҪɱĪа
Ϲ֪˭𣿡
ûٺֱϹͬǴ
Ϲ£Ȼû
ǽտڴˣĪаɡͻȻ˵һζĻɬΪأϹ㵱֮û˵
˵꣬쫷紵ķɺ˲ʧ
ϡϹ뵽ںڰеˣͻȻһӰ֮ʱǽַΣ֮ʱҵʱӹľڵ첻ãơ
䡣ϹԴ͵һһޱȵɱɱֻһš
Īа
Ī£ɱȻϸоɱղţϺ˵ʲô
ĪɨĪаһۣ˶ӣȷԽԽˣ޼ɵΪΪ

ַ屻漴͸оԼƼ㣬ڵĵ
һɱϢϢʼʴ壬ʴѪ⣬Ҫȴ֪
֣ʵԭ˵С
Σַκεı˫ͬʱͷŶͫףޱ䣬ģ޾ĺڰ
ա
ַͺһĿ貵Ĺ⻪˸ַͻȻһ˫ͫףͫף˫ͫһֱ
ǣַһ˫ͫףһźڰӣֲ
Ĵֳ·ҪľͬģдֽӴ꣬Լǲ֪ʲôСӰȻ궼Ҫȥ
ַܹܵԼһɵ
Ȼڴʱַû뵽䷢ˡ
ǴûйκζꡪСӰͻȻ


0063 ˵еķ
Ť΢ССߵſʱһɹɺжȥ
ɡ
ַ㵱ȻܹоԼκα仯˿̵С꣬Ȼɺ
ңźɫСڣҲʼ׳
ĺڰСߣȻûκģЩƺֻʳ븹УһĻɵַĿɿڴ
ǿޣַ㶼޿κΣƺֻеȴû뵽СӰ˳꣬һ˶
ڰеĿƺҲ˲Ծͫ˸İĹâ
ʱͺڰ־ַ㣬ȫСߡ
ء
ַȻע£С߷·Ϊ˷ܣͻȻſѪڣ޾ĺɫԼڰֱӱû
ƺԶԶСߵԽԽӴ󣬴һӰǵʱ˼ʮߣ·һľɨһС
ħ޷ʵŭ𣬺;壬һıʳš
ַһᣬħ޷һźӴ뿪
𣡡һħһŭ֮ʵʵ˲˳ſ޿ڣֱӽǹɺɵ漴صַߡ
彥С»СߣȴǰһЩߣַļͷʵʵС߾˳˯
ˣ
ַ۾ɵùԲȫɢħӰ١
⡭Ƿꣿ
ַǳ鴤ţʱһȵ壬ֱַһԴ죬漴嵹£¡
֪ȥ˶ãַ۾޶ˡ
䡣
ͻȻַ͵ĵ˸Ī
һ֣Χһжʱ貵Ưڿա
漴СӰҲٶȸ֣СߣԽԽʵڳ˯ţַļͷԵüΪǡ
˫
ʱַһĻˣһӰĸ֣ӰһűףԼһ˫ڰͫס
ħޡ
ַôᣬ˿ǲ㽫ɵĻħޣȻΪꡣ
꣡
˫ţľţڴ½֮٣вſܳһַ㣬Ȼδŵꡣ
꣬˵ȥܽ
ƣɫ²Ϩǿ
ҵʵ侳أ
ַֻԴЩ·ͷܹ꣬ż侲Ϳֲ״̬𾪣ϵģʵ̫ˡ
Ŀ˸ַĬ˼Ƭ̡
СӰܹޣΪãΪҵ꣬ңܽ޾ɸԼҵʵ
ַóֵֻܳһֽۣǷһ˿Ц⡣
ꣿ
ⱻȡЦķ꣬죬ǱЩȡЦ֪жǿ󣬲֪ǻʲô顣
ݣдѲɡ
ַ㽫ֻ쳤Х˿̵ֲ֪ԼںδֻǰһԼľˡ
ɣ춼Ҫɣַ֡Īӡ뵽ԺУ۵СӰꡣ
Īаַ㲻ɱ㣬ĲΪˡ
վַһɱ⡣
һǵϢַɽڣаζ
ַϸڰĶһ޶оܲʡ
󲽿ַǰһƬ̤ɭ֣񱩵ڿռ䵱УվǣԸоص΢żԶ޵ŭ˻
޳ڳ
ַ֪޳ֻһ޵Ĺħץ֮󣬶Ȼǿ޿ڲƬڷ롣
ͷţַͫױĮ䣬İ޾ޱޱԲĶȫԺУһ֡
ͬʱһַĽϣܿ콫ַסʱַԻУò޷ֱ
ǻħַħޣûΪַԻħΪ꣬αװһԼ׾١
ںڷڲ޺Уڸ֮أޣһЩ޵ϢΪǿַ㲻òޱСģԼαװ
˳޿񱼵ķƶȻ޳Щǰ֮ȻǺڷĳڡ
ʱɫַ㣬ĻħһڿռƯ
һЩСַͨ㾭֮ʱȻڵأʵĳ֮޵ӳ㣬ǿʳ
ʹ޿ַҲԶԶıܿĻħ弶ϵޣǳֲܹͨġ
ڷڲ̫ˡ
ַ߽źڷĿ£ǰ侳ʵ͸ںڷɱ޲ɵЩ֪꣬ηȥһͷǾͱˡ
Ȼ޵У侳޾һǸϣڵͨĵͼһ
ôõĻᣬΪʲôɱһЩޣȡ޺ˡ
ַͷ¶޿ɲͨޣؾ޺ޱȣǳֵǮʦʦĻƵҩǿң˵޿ֱӹ˵޺еа֮оΪ
õĵҩѸٻָƣϹ˵ĵҩܹ׹ǡ
õ̶ܹȵǿ޵Ĺ߷ʵ
Щͨ޺ȥȡ˴½ϲȥðɱǿޣȡ޺ˡ
ַ㣬ھѾоʵ̫ˣ˱ϵԼϸһƿҩûйʲô


0064 ֮
˳áλߣ츳һ㣬Ҳ鵤ҩιǿװΪǿߣңûкõıһУֻܿԼַе
ǰһ̫κҪɹԼŬҪӰҪߴ̫ˣһܾͬԵĹƽϾǣǣŬԸıˡ
ֻҪ츳̫ͿԼиŬԼһżִŵģȥܶƴһ
ַ㣬츳ǿ󵽿£ȻˣôܲԼȥƴ
뵽⣬ַӰ˸ʱǰһͷϬڿʳһͷСޣѪأΪѪȡ
ʱַ㽫ɫŲǰС
·ǲʲôϬת޴Ѫɫ˫ַ㣬Ѫбɫ˫ͭСͫ˸
࣬Ȼܵǵĵ
ϬǣѪбɳĳϬΪһޣߡߡ
ǰĶϬò࣬ӦǸոճ꣬һޡ
Ϭٶȿ죬Ƿǿȴķͨ侳һؾǿߣ޷ͬĶϬֺ
ַԺжԶϬӡƲˣٶȱȶϬ죬·һ
ʱϬǰڵٶ̾һӳǣʱ׼
ַһ˿ĮͻأģϣһɷĽ͵˳ʹſ
ңַÿһ̤ɽ͸ǿң֮󣬿ռ䶼кХ֮
Ϭϵëֻ屻иŭһӴͻȻת񱼶ӡ
Ѿӵǻۣоɿ񱩽֮ƣ֪࣬ǡ
Ӱ
ַߣӰ貵Ľâͻأ
һ
ȵĽǵأϯ£һɫĽڵ֮ϡ
ܵĶϬֱӴмѣûֹסǰ֮ƣѪء
ַӰһһɺɫҩ֮˲佫ϬУƬ̣Ʈߡ
޶Ѫ֮ǳУڷǿַ̫࣬ɱϬȡ޺ˣȻ뿪Ƭ̡
ַ֮ԸղŵһǷǳģϬǿ˲忪ѣ޷赲ֺ
ܿ죬һطͬһĻٶݣһ޲ǶϬһͷѵܣһޣǱһնɱ

󣬺ڷԵ֮أһڵֽĶ棬һľ޴ߡ
߳ʮף׳ͷ­ڿ׸ߴֲ
˫޴ͫףɢɫĹâ꣬вŶߵĸѪ
еİȻǿַòһ޴ƶ¶һ޴࣬Ǳǰ˵ġ
죬ַɱϰ٣඼һޣҲмͷǰôԵĶޣһ
˻˻ţ³ƬĶַһܿ
ͬʱβʼɨգַͷһŴɨУ˲ѣβǰûа赲
졢ֲ죬ҰԵûеַ͸оһޱȱŰ쫷ɨ
ַӲĻˣΪеİ֮һʵ̫ǿˡ
ӿޱȵĽ˸һѪۣʧӰ
һĵĿַֻһǿѹ֮Լľ޴ɨ
¡¡
ľѣַӰٶȱ࣬ȻԱߣֻῴַӰ򳹵׵ķβͿɨأƬռ䶼ľβӰӣ췭ظ
ǿҲҪ˱ᣬǣַ㣬Ž侳ʱ䡣
ַ֮һȵĽƿޱȣն֮ϣѪӿ
һΣ·ûиоŰҪַѾ׵ķŭ
ˡ
ַ㱻ɨУбʱ䣬ĥ죬ţֻƾһͿԺɨ侳ǿߣϾм侳֮˵ԼҪǿġ
һؽ⣬ַͫ˲ڰ磬ٶȳǰһһľһһûκܹӱĶĿ񱩵ĹУ·𶼱ûࡣ
һ£Ĺ߶ַĿ䡢顣
һŵĽţǿҵĻ⾳
̧ͷַ㾲Ŀ޴ɨͫһƣ顣
֮
ַᶯڽ֮ϣ貵Ĺ⻪֮⣬һɫ֮֮֮
͡͡
ޱǿҵĻɫ𣬰һҵİǴ׳ޱȵһնϣڵϣ
ӴַŲһ磬֮ٶȻӳնߴ֮أڣޱǿҵĲһ˲ֹͣ·һӰˡ
ް֮һ
ַ֮ںڷĳɹȻ޵޺ˡ
Ųǰַһ޺ȡ漴Ӱֱ뿪ߣźڷȥ
ˣ޳ѾˣƺڵŴȣƺҲҪʼˡ


0065 ƾ
͵޳ÿȥҲ죬ڷıԵֻһЩͼޣԼصʬ塣
ȻЩʬ޵ģģҼΪѪȣǴЩʬͿԿⳡ޳Ĳҡ
⻹С޳Ǵ޳٣ֺ֪Ρ
ڷıԵɻвƺڵĵӣŵӣͨսͼɱһЩĥԼͬʱ޺ˡ
һͷޣƾסɱ
ʱһˬʵЦǳ
ֻĳأƺŵվһ飬ǰһͷޣϬ
˺ͶϬм䣬ʬ壬Ѫ֮Ũվǵȴδһۡ
Ϭǿܻܲɱƾƫݣ侲ŶϬĿ͸˿˿֮⡣
ģƾҵʵΡ
׳˶ЦǷǳš
ֻԼƾ䵭˵һҲͬʱ˲˳Ѹޱȣֻ˲ͽϬס
ءϬҴƾ嶼ҡţĮ˫ֳȣҵϬϵһ֦ϬԽԽ
֡ƾһԵ׳˶Ѿ
Ųһ̤·ض¡
Ե˫ȭȻҳǿޱȣֻϬһһȭͱ
ƾôҺûɡ׳˶Ц˿ƾѾǰóذ׿ʼȡ޺ˡ
侳ǲһܹʵַ㿴ƾʹóȻһ꣬Īа굹мƣȻܱȡ
û뵽һʵô졣
ַ¶һ˿Ц⣬粽ȡ޺˵ȥ
˭
ڴʱƾȻתһɷ˳ֱַ㣬ͬʱַ㱬
ţ
ַüͷһû뵽ƾķôǿֱӾͶ
Ųǰһ̤һɷޱȵĽַŶֱƾϢ
ƾס֣ѡ
׳˶ʱҲתæ˵
˲ջأƾϵҲ˲ʧҽţȴһ΢΢ȥĿַ㡣
ˣǿ
ַ㣬ڳˣҿȥʮζûм㣬Ϊ㲻ء
ԭ׳˶ĺַѣ
ջáַЦӦ޶ܻɱʵܿ찡
ַݳǵʱֻ侳ΪŶãȻѾ侳ȷʵַǳ⣬ȻҲΪˡ
ٺ٣һЩ侳ˡԴһЦַ㣬أǰɱǿˣ֪Ρ
СַЦһۺԵƾ˻ģ侲Ӧٶ죬һΣյĸо˾ϲ⣬ԺԾǸѡ
ˣ˸ǽܣַ㣬ƾʵܱ̬һֱµ͵Щǰǿˡ
ЦŽܡ
ƾַ㣬ҺֵܣԺҲˡ
Ƚ޺ȡɡ
ƾ䵭˵һתӣذƿϬ塣
ַ㣬⣬ƾĮӡ
ַ㲻ЦЦƾ죬ναԷ̬ȡ
˶ˣôʣǼ
ȻȥŴˣҲһЩҪȡ޺˵ʱ򻹻Һƾű˶ڣȡһЩ޺ˡ
㲻׼μŴȣţ
ַһ㶣ʵ
ȻμӣȥӦûüٺ١ʲôںЦݣַһûûΣȻ˵ĵҲӣûмթ˼ܺദ
ƾûУȻǿôˡ
ƾ
ˣɡ
ƾ˵ͷȡ޺
ַ㣬ҲҪȥɣһߡַ㣬ʵַ㣬ʵжǿ
ַ룬漴ҡҡͷжǿ˵ҲԺ侳صǿ԰ɡ
һﾹȻأȫԸĻܲܶԸһͷϬ׷һ
ȫԸԸϬһԵƾĻаҡͷַʵȻ侳ղǷޱȵĽϢ֮УǽֵĻҿ϶ܵĻˣȻڲʹȫƵ¡
һͷϬȻǿƾַͷŵǹǿ⣬ɱϬûа⡣
ӦܶԸɡַӣԸϬһбɣҪȫ
ٺ٣ȻҲ侳ˣ˴ȻλãԺһƺڴƴˬЦţλ侳Ժǿ϶òɡ
һƴ˭ףƾʵ뷨档
Ȼַ㣬츳϶ǿʹһ㣬ԺҲᳬԽңΪ壬ȹ˵ʲôҶûûεĵ
أƾʵ
ҶѴȻַģȻҲġ߼ǳ򵥣ַĿ࣬һ˼뻹浥ƾԶûô򵥣ôܻġ


0066 òͷ
Ͽ˺ãą̃ȫƺȺռ顣
ң̨޴ϷϿԵ֮أΧǣĿ⿴ϿȣЩ˾㶼ϴɲϢ
ǣƺڵĸ߲㣬ƺϹ裬ҲԵˣϿȱԵȺС
ƺŴȣÿ궼ƺҪ֮һξУڵһεĴУŵӿܻ̤ţΪӵܣЩǿŵӣܳΪĵӣޱȡ
ȻȻȥ˱޳̭
ǣս̭
ŵҪţսŵһˣʤ̤ţǱսŵӣ̭涪
ͬģŵҪźģһսսǿĺĵӣʤΪźģ߸ϡ
򵥡㣬ޱȵĲпᣬڴЦҲı̭
ǵһδȣȷŵӡŵԼĵӵ
֮󣬾ǵڶδȣվŵսŵսԼĵս
Żкģܽǰʮҫޱȣϣܵӣص
ңǽǰʮˣܹõĽͣ⽱ͿԪʯҩҲǸƷ׵似
ȻЩ̭ŵӺͺĵûвμսʸģ˭̭ע޾裬ڵһִУֻҪѡгսǼ裬ǻ߾ȫսߡ
ûǿʵ˭Һս
ַ̨ʱѾʼˣŵսŵӡ
ʱ̨Ӱսһ飬սǳҡ
ƣ˵侳ˣȻ٣Ů˲ƯʵҲǿҪϱͺˡ
սеĺŮЦƵƺڶǳģˣֻе䣬׷߶˸ͷһЩ츳ʵһĺĵӡ
ԣƳƯ츳⣬Ҳܾˡ
ϱܵסַЦЦĿ˺һۣһ밡ôѵŮ˶Ҫ
ٺ٣ҲǳصģҾԼ䲻ЦԴַַ㣬ҿͦģƯӢ˵츳ܺãһԡ
ңַое䣬ʼ磬ϲ˯
̧ͷַĿ⳯ϿϷȺȥƬ̺һϣһš
Īа˴ŴȣҾյϢˡһЦ֮ԸμŴȣΪģĪа
ϿϷվŵĪа·оʲôĿ뿪̨Ⱥȴʲôûз֣ɵü
ʱ򣬾սͷųԼ꣬ȡսʤһƬȲ֮ɫַ㰵̾Ůǲһ
ţƶԲʲô飬ĿɨȺһۣ̾ϢһԼ侳ѣӵк͸׵һ꣬ɲ˵Ķ֡
ϧȴȥǱųĪа
ڵĻƾǿʵ϶ܴɰɡ
֪ΪΣԺͻȻ뵽ַ㣬ǷŵţǼһȷʵɶһ㡣
ѡĻԸַ㣬ҲԸܴ˿̵Ķ֣̤š
ͬʱϿϿյһطСݴڣ̨ϣĿƻʤһĻ
ƷƵ츳ĸײ˲٣϶޷̳в²ڻʳǷ֮أԷġ
ͷʳǣʥۣȴŹԼȨı֮ǿߣڣܹƣһˣƱҪû
ַȥʳǣַܹٳɳǿԼŽлỹܰһѣңԵĻ
뵽֣һȻɱ⣬Īа治Ѱ
ַ㲢֪Լô˵ţʱֿһˡ
ַ㣬ҲڰɡܿĿ⻹ô崿ɾ
ǺɡַžܿһЦƺڣҲͺͺ;ܿĹϵˡ
ɣԵ֡ˬʵЦܿôͷվûַֻ˰
ַ˺һһۣʵ
˭ʶ㡣ܿҲ˺һۣ˵
ã㲻ʶ˰ɣ֪˭ǰʱÿ춼ȥַġЦַЩʵļһʲôʱˡ
ô֪˭ܿһĨϼ޶ˣú̲סЦ
ԱߵƾĿ˸һۿЦַ㣬һƺܵİ
ǼǲǸұϳ졣
ʱһԴĮ𣬽ַߵĺгƻ
ַ㼸ĿһͣתǱ㿴һŽŵӵǡ
˵θɡŭӶԷһѵ˵
Ųɱ㡣Žӱ˵͸һɷϢ
㡣ʱַбĳ֣ɲ飬Ȼϵã׷ʱϣֱӸһŵƣһҪַҼǵƵʱв˵ֻҪƵͷɱַ㣬Եޱȡ
ַĻ£ϸĿַһۣЦŵԭϴһѵֻòͷ˲ɡ
òͷôַЦʱаģ̤侳֮ʱ֮ա


0067 Ŀ
һǻòͷˡַǷĮЦݣма졣
ǺǣûмһķưޱȣַȻҾͳȫ㣬ȵŴ֮󣬾ڡ
һŵӶѣɱҲɱˣοﻹǷϿ̨ʲô
òŵȵŴ֮͸ᡣ
ַҡҡͷĪ漴ַŲ̧𣬳̨ķȥ
ַ㣬Ҫʲôܿһַ㺰
ܿӦַ㣬һ쾪ϲžܿ˵Ȼַʶʱ䲻ľַ㣬屡죬ΪѿȥƴɱңһδεĴǾϲȻ⾪ϲ̫̼˵㡣
ܿĿһͣź΢΢ͷûַ㣬ƺܸǴϲ
ֻǾ̲ܿסһ˿ģ̨սŵӣɲ˵ģܹ̤ŵˣǿʵȥģûнңҪţҪǰŵӸɫ
ţƵüͷţûзӦ;ܿ˲ַ˼Ϊ˽ַ㣬Ƹ߰ǳ뵽ַҪ£ûǷ롣
Ѿ̨ЦЦӰƶȥ츳ƯŮˣһҪõ֡
ټĿռ䴦һ̨ǣŵӣͬʱ̤ϲ̨ͬսͬˡ
ȴ·Ĭ㣬ͬʱ̨ȺĿ⡣
ȻЩսҲߵ̨̫ҡˣŵӣǲԵ̫ǰĲΨӵǿ츳ߣŸҵսڵĿ⼯һ
ʱçӰ˸Ҫ̨
ʱçһҲһ̨
ѡçЦ£ַ㺰һŵʵڣַӦϵսġ
çЩǣַֻǿһۣĮĵ˵ͷǰţƺ
çüû뵽ַôӣҪڣçĿȴ΢΢һſǣȴһʱû˵
ӡç³֣漴ԭطأַϣһﾹȻֱ˴λǫ̃ſ⻹ǽһߵ˰ɡ
çʱҲַ̨㣬ɵͫһ󣬴˭
˲ǱħȻţпַ㱻ħû˾ޱȡ
һܿԼƾҲһȻһ治ʡİһ㶼֪͵¡
ȴ˿˿Ц⣬ܸоַǿǿָܶ࣬оûмַʱУΪжַӵһ״ŷС
ϿϷĪаͫһôܣСôܻš
һŵӱħˣôܻŻ
ĪаһϹҲ£漴Ŀ˸ãȻţͱԼҲýˡ
СӣСдһˬʵƺַ㣬ȴǷǳĿ
СӿָͷһϲϿַЦһζСһӡͲٴμַӹľڵİӹģݺݵһΣһأַ㱻޴ߣ˵˻ֱ˵漣
ʱѾƵߣɿַ̨ɵЦŵƷƣַﾹȻҵ̨治֪
üƵĳƺЩˬ̧ͷĿ̨⳯ȥɵһâ
û
ޱȾȣ漴Ưо¶һ˿Ц⡣
ûãԻ㣬ҡ
ƼƳһЦɵЩʧ񣬺ƷƣϴηŹֻҪڣսȥɱ
ɱƿһۣȻǽӵߣǿһ˼ûϣʵһֱͣ侳һأǶַĻ¹˭ֻ֪ء
ңǸַʤġ
ԣֻҪͷұɱЦŵ
ơ
ƵЦݻϣһͻأͻأĴ
ƣɡ
ַվߵս̨֮ϣˣԴ΢΢𣬿ϿϿյȺգҪվߡۡĵط
ƵЦݽӲղŸûгǷȥ룬˿ַ㺰ԭַ˼Ҫս
Ŵ֮ϣսǳ裬Ϊֻʵ˿𣬱˲Ÿս㡣
ڣȻսˣҾڸղǰ亣ֻҪԷͷɱַ㡣
û뵽Ļ˵ַ꣬սˣ˵棬˦⡣
ɫɭĮĶַ㡣
Ʒƣһսãȥɱ
ɲʾԼĻ̌Ų̨
˶һƬַ꣬ÿ񰡡
ֱߵ̨һսơ
ŵУƣԲЩеһλŴ֮ǰŵӾѾռŵӵϣһЩսƣԶΪӵߵʵһŵҪǿ٣û˻뵽ս
Ҳû뵽
ַ̨ǰĿɭƬ̣ԼҪ
һɱ㡣ַЦ£ûٿƣĿٶɨȺ
֣Ҳɡ
ַ³һǳֲҶôԼˣַء
Ŀٶһ֣һŵӣһҪʲô


0068 
Ŵȵһ֣ŵӺͺĵӱڳΪʱܱս
֣ȻҲ⡣
ڿַ̨ʱڴģһսȻǵ侳硣
ַΪַ㺰֣⻹ơ
ƵʵɱҪǿˣӵйǿĽַ꣬սѰ·
̨΢мֽţĿЩ顣
ʲôɨһۣĿмֲм֡
ǣһϰɡ
ַûлشƵĻȻ˵ƵĿ΢΢
񣬺ÿ
ƺڵǧʷӵУûŴսλ߲εĵӡ
ַ㣬ŵӵݣսŵӣһһǿĽӵߣַ㣬ƺڼ¼
һŵӣôĿˣԺҪʵǿ˵ãǲŷˡ
Ͽ֮ϣĪаĮ˵һ֮Īаʵǿλߣ滹վһĪ˭ֱ档
ϹȴֻǵĿĪаһۣޱ飬ʲô
СеıϣЦҡͷһһ㶼֪͵
һϣΪԼ˭һ
ɫޱѿʲôˣǿĽӵߣŵӡ
ַ㣬Ǳ𡢿ķ̨Ϻ֣ܵս
ңַɲҪսϣҪ̤ȻͬʱսˣƵʲôˣ
ǣʲôȻսǣǽӵߣʵǿһоͿ㣬ż̡
˸ƨƶԸַ֣Ȼˡ
ֵĹάԵúã¶Ц⣬˵Ǻǣ֣˵Ĳһŵӻûʸҳҽɡ
Ȼһŵʸս֣ΪʾֵϣΪӦС֪֮
ƵĻһҪԸַ㣬ûо԰ա
ⲻҪļһƺڵˡ˿ֵıһ̫ˣһﻹдʣûʡ
ǿЦַ㳰һ֣ǳѡ似򳽳ͻԷͷŵȡЦɿһŵԱߣ˵Ųŷңҷڣս㣬ôηηβ
ƣӵߣŰԵ޹ʶ֣˵ʱɱңŵӣڣҲվǰĽء
ַĮ˵ͷȻԭˣŵӺ۸ַŵӣַʵǿˣǰ
Ŀһֵʱ䣬֣ȷ㡣
пһҧ޼ơ
ַҰһĻ͵ַҰơ
ã
ӲͷƤ˵ַȥ
ַ㰵ҡͷ⣬治֪ôܹ̤š

ַһӣ˻ʹöĵӡֱƿգϡ
䡣
ļˣʵףֻһ˳ȥ䵽̨¡
ַûȥ࿴һۣƵ㲻Ҫɱ𣬻վǸʲô
ĵӡѣ԰
ϳַʹõǰ˻ƣƺڣ似˲˶ĵӡӡѵģǺ档
ַ㣬ĵӡѣûȫӣܹʹӡɲ⡣
Ȼ˵Ҫɱ㣬Ŵȣʹ̨ҲɱˣҾͷΪֽţ
Ʋ˵ַѾ޼
˵ţƵַڱϣ⻪˸ˮԣһεɱ֮ڿռ
ЩƵͷţһޱȷָ֮񷣬·Ҫء
ӵߣȻûߣַΣˡ
̨ȺоǿҵĽֻоЩѹ֣Ǻܲ
Ȼôϲ㿴ʲôнߡ
ַ㵭˵һĽγʱһεĽţɢĽѹȶȥ
ʲôҲǽޣӵߣ
ַܵϵĽ˶ЩȣƵҲ΢΢һַĽٳûг֣ǹһ˿޵Ц⡣
궼ûУ̸޽
һ̤ʱռХɱĽԽԽԵĽϣһϬĽ˸
ͷŵĽԵţַѹȹȥ
ޣһҪӵн𣿻Уӵߣһܳƽޣַһɫޱƽͬһ̤£㣬
εĽһ̷·ܵĪǣȫƣԼɢĽҲˡ
˿ַͷŵϢѾ˽ķ롣
ơǽơ
Ⱥвмʶ֮ŵӺͺĵӣоɽ֮ȫĿ𺳡
ǽƣǿܹǣΪַãַѹơ
찡ŵӣո̤侳Ȼƿ˽ƣÿµ츳
֪жƿأַ㣬ƿؽ֮ƣ侳۷֮˶һַһŵӣȻ˽ơ
ȻҲŵӲѯʺΪơ
Ȼ˰ӹģԭˣ򣬱ҵǿ̫ˣˣƺڵ֮ĶţһҪú
Ϲ˲Ϊαǰ㿴ַ㣬ҪɱĪа츳£


0069 ŭ
ϹиˣԲԶĪаȴˬˣɫ
츳ѣһ˶ɱҡ֮СĪаа츳ΣŪܵȵԷɳ
ڷϿȺУɫһЦһôǿˣҡ
ַʵԼǿ󣬺еֻǸˡ
ԱߵľܿͬЦݲãʢ޶ִ
ԵƾĿ˸̨ϵַ㣬аѹ¶ǰǿԭˡ
̨ϣɫҰֽҡ
㣬
ַ㣬̤ϣƫƫֻϿɣֻ˿˿¶Ͽַ㣬ƣ
˭˵ӵߣܳΪǿĽߣ
޾ķʹƵÿһ缡߽ս⣬ƿǿƵַ㣬ûһս֮
䣬ŵϯλ㡣
ţ˵仰ֻϻģ·˶ڳĿ
䣬ң
ַЦô
ΪԼǿʱҪΪֽţޱȡ
ƷԼĶ֣һ仰飿
٣ַ㲻Ӧ
Ҫ𡣡ַŨŨķ̣Ųٶǰһ̤ǹĽƸǿңѹȵƼ޷Ϣ
˵䣬㻹Σ
ɫ΢䣬ַ㣬Ȼ̫ˡ
Σܼ򵥣ҵģ㡣ַһЦɱһûַֻ㣬Ҫɱ
ŴȣҡƴһȲһ
㲻ɱңҸɱ㡣
ַжشƵĻս֮΢΢һӰ䣬貵Ĺ⻪Я޾Ľնơ
ֻ֮һ˲䣬Ѫ嵹£Ŀ⻹ùԲţַ㾹Ȼɱ
ռ·סȺڿеһ˳ܹ໥
ַ㣬ƺڵʷͬʱսŵӡ
ַ㣬ƺڵĹأеӵ棬ƺڸλϵ棬ƺϹ棬Ŵϣնɱ֡
󵨣
һЯǿŭַϣڴеȺѡ
ƺе棬Ŀ𳤣Ŀնɱͬţ㣬
һŭ֮ɱ
Ⱥ̧ͷÿĪа˲⣬ǿĪаַ֪ĻĪаַѾ𣬳ַ㻹СĪаȻɳ˾٣ֱӸַ㶨Ҫַ
ַ̧ͷĪаһۣҲֻһۣ漴ƻĿ⣬ûᡣ
գμŴȣߵ̨ĿԵޱȣսŵӣչ¶ƣȺնɱơ
һУֻΪĪа
Īа˸ڣԸĽڣΪַԼڣĪаңˣַ㲻Լȥ
ַԼĪаûȴЦȵˣ£ɱ
ȺĪаĻֻһһúݵֶΣϾǳϣУſޱȡ
쵰һ˶ˣ˵ҪַΪַ㣬ַַնɱд
ܿҲɫ࣬¶ŨŨĵ֮ɫ
òҪĳϡһĪаʹһεļҪʹõڶ
Ӱ˸ֱ̨ȥ׼ַ¡
ȵȡһĮǳַȥӰŲͣ£˵֮ˣȻϹ衣
˵Ŀ˲ȫϹϣ˶Ҫ֪ʱϹδַ
˽ĿˣûнЧȡ
ĪаϹߣ΢΢˵գһϹߵȺ
Īа˵û̫ˣûзնɱͬţɱ
Ҫɱ
λ϶Īа˵ĪϹҪϣƺڣЩ˭ӣȻվĪа˵
Ϲ̧ͷĪаһɳϣʵ˵𣿡
ڳһ㶣Ϲ˻⡣
ĪаϹ
˲ϹĪаʵ
ĪаɫһͣпһæȻĪаҡ
˵أĪаϹʰĪа˵ļλϡ
Ȼǡһ˿ĸоϹԸºͣûк˵
ŶϹͷ㣬Ŵȣ˭
ȻĪаӦϳֺˮ⡣
Ƕ֪أȻˣĪаҵҪ㣬˵ǵûأ˵棬ҵ棬ǰָֻţҪ˵簡Īаϣ˵˵㣬ûнС
ϹĻ£ռ·һ磬Īаͼλϸо
ղЩû˵ĳ򰵵ңǺա
ĪаΪǣĪϵһרȨǳԵһأŭء
ġһѵϹµӷ顣
˵ҽ쵹ҪǣﻹûƺϹ衣
ϹվȵǿţǼλ϶ˣö˶˵ģǶʲô졣
˶Ƿŭ¶˲ƽɫƢһܺãٶŭôˣȻ˴ңǶĪаϡ


0070 ַ˼
ĪаͬĪŭŵϹ裬òŷӦĪа֪
ĪаĪƺȨ󣬵ϹϾϹŭˣĪаòЭϴ
ΪǰţˡĪааһԼ
ϹĪаϴɫŻЩĮɨĪаһۣȻ֪˴Ҿˣ²Ϊ
ŵӣȣ˵ҪΪֽţɱƣںˡ
ţǡĪаԣûʶϹŭԭ
ţϹһɨĿĪаҪ˵Ļ˲䱻˻ȥΥĵĵӢ
ϹһˣĿ£ַϣʵʲô֣
ַ̧ͷϹӣĿƽ䡣
ַ㣡
ַ㣬ڣƺŵӡϹȺͷַ̾ʵ֮ģԹŵݣҪ֪˿ûֻڵһֵĴ֮Լȥȡ
ַ¶һ˿ЦݣЦг˱Ϣûиж¡
ֻӵ㹻ʵܹء
Ϲ͹ַһ仰ûվ۵̨ĿΪģֻΪ̽Ϲ̬ȣڣѾõ˴𰸡
һΣĪаҪӺܷϹ䲻ͬҲδֹһŵӣһųϣҪûпɱԡ
ȻһΣĪаҪϹ費ڳĬŭĪаַţⲻΪԼֳ츳ʵϹһѾ֪ӹľڵ£ӱϻЩʲôŻ˿Īаӣ
ǣ͹
ȻûУַԣһԶԶĲģʮǧ
Ϯ֮ʱĪа޵ĿУ£ַ㲻Ϲ費֪
գĪаһε˵棬ҪϹ裬
ˣϹĪаڱ˿ˣַûУϹĪаһ䣬Ҫж£Чţ
ַԵûūԣβҪԼˣϹ͹𣿲̫Զˡųվųϣŵվŵӣŵ츳ڣ̤š
ҺĪа֮䣬Ψһˣûûҡ
ַаĪа֮䣬Ϲ裬˵ƺڣֻѡһˣѡƺţѡĪаΪƺЧпվƺڵжԷΪĪаһɱĪаѩܣʱƺڸĻͲòվƺڶ档
ַûдΪƾڵı־ϹѡŽǸʼѣһεŴȣһҪĪаÿ
Ŀ㣬ַĽŲ̧վ̨ÿһɽ
Ϲüͷоâ˸Ӻ͵츳벻ɲŶѡ
ǿÿ񡣡˵
ôǿʵһһ񣬲ڵңʮҲĶַ֣㣬Ҽסˡ
סΣ˭ϵ㣬ŵӵһ򳽣ǰǸƨ
ʲôŵһˣ˿ɲᵽ¶ôַܺȣַЬ䡣
˽ȴ֪Զһɫ䣬ˣȻŵһ򳽣ǳַ㣬ȴַһ򳽡
ŵУҳƵڶ˸ҳƵһ
Լַǰ˵Ļֻ޵ݣȻ˵ǰ˻Щȴ˵ʵַǰƨ
ӵƣֻһնɱ
ûаҷɡޱȸӡ
ʵҲַ㣬ȷûаһŵȴΪԼǵһ˵ĿޣɾҲޡ
һɱ֪١ַ߻ַؿһȭһԼΪʲôô̼ء
ţַ㣬ܿ¶õЦ⣬治֪һôġ
ΧȺĽĿһˣ;ܿŵӣȴַ㽻ãַ츳ԺһܵãҲܵõôˣôͲЩʶַأ
ַʼ磬źЦʲôʱȥ
ٺ٣ûȥҲˡһЦ̨ȥ
Ϊַղŵıʵ̫ޣȥĻɻᷴԼС˶ڵȴų̤́
˵ϣһһҲ֪͵ַһȻֱߵַ̨㶼£һ
Ҳʶʲôˣ侳һؾŵӣ˭
վ̨ϣ۾ôģһƷ
ַͬʱսλŵӣ˼¼Ȼŵӵ㲻ûѡսĿ꣬սǰ޹ˡ
ַ۾ź죬
ꡣ̲ܿסЦһ̫ˡ
Ƭռ䶼ãһŵ̨̤ɡ
ãҽк

ҾϲˬˣսɡЦһĴϢŶ˲䣬壬·ںΪһ壬վ̨ϣǴأؾ
䡭
Ųһ磬ʱ̨Ҳ˵ģҲһȻѹ֮ϡ
ƣϿϿգϹо˸ǳ𾪣ַһҲˣʱ׳˶ŵӣȻҲƣȻƵҲûַǰôǿѹˡ
Ǻǣʢ˥˥ñʢƺڳô꣬ڳĵˡ
Ϲ΢ЩοʣǴ˴Ŵջ


0071 Ƶķ
ѩ¹Ȼǿʢģȴࡣ
ʼңѩ¹ǿģ鲼嫵Ĺȣ޿ƥУû˸ҶԿ
ʼ֮£ڻʳǵУмɷǳǿʢ˵ʳǵ¼ҡԼš
ڻʳ֮⣬һЩŷǳǿƺڣԼڵڣ⻹ϼԼѩɽׯ
˴ӣݺѩ£ѩ¹츳ãʵǿİˣǾǳЩȻƺڣһλûС
˵һλӼʵӰŸأʮ󡢶ʮأ
Ϲû˥˵ףУˣ˲ŵ㣬űȻǴ
Щƺڣ˥ķߣЩ룬ϹΪܲ
ַͺĳ֣ϣˡ
ַʵ츳ֻҪʱ䣬һܹΪ˴ӲεʱƺڣܵԴϢ
ڵƺڿƽʵ򰵳ӿΣա
ϣܳɳΪƺڵϣɡϹ迴̨ϵĺ̾ϢʳǵλѾڿʼѩʥԺɲʲôװ
ʱŲٶһ̨̤ϣ·йɳѹϵƣ嫡أظ
ҲĶ֣ϲ̤š
ͻȻ΢΢һգȻսܣ߳裬ս಻ȡ衣
ֵҲҪ⣬Ҳռıˡϵͻأʧָֻ˺ģ˸о׽
ллźͷת̨ȻӣܾǰˣܿܣҲûڼˡ
ַߣ˵Цôûɡ
ַͷЦƣͬս̫ˣЩӵмǿ츳ˣȻѾڲ֮ء
֮սַ޹أ￴սȡѧһС
ҵĿ꣬һ̫ǿˣһлܺĵӣ̤֮С
һֵĴ˫۷Ź⣬Ҳˣһս̫ԵˣܹΪĵӵûһƲ磬ɽİԵһȭͺ˹ȥ
ַ㣬أĿ˭ͻȻʵ
ңַһ㶣Цҡҡͷûá
ַȷûãƺڵŵӣ侳ʵҪţҪ侳ʵ
侳һأŻ侳أǿߣһ˿侳ؾ磬ͻҪսĵӣС
ȻսʧܾӶ࣬ĵĶ侳أһǰ̤еʱѾˣҲͬͨܺĵӲȡ֮ģ֪ʱƣĵӵʵԽԽǿҪսĵӣ̸ס
ѣÿŴȣսֻᣬһֻ꣬һΡ
侳һص֮ŵ̫ˣΨ̤ģڲͬӵиĿռ䣬ص
ǣػһӵַ꣬Ŀ⣬ֻŵӻߺĵӲϣң˺ĵһųĪаѹ
ŴȵһĻȺɢȥδĵڶԽԽڴ
ŵԼĵӵսǿǿԾ츳ĵӣս㾡ȫԻúõΣսľӹɡ
ַ˲δһɢȥǳƺӵĵطȥѾ̤ţҪȡŵӵԼΣݵ
ַ㡣
ʱŵַһַŲͣ£תͿһӰ
𣿡ַ㿴ƣЩ⡣
ܺ㵥̸̸𣿡
Ŀһ˿Ȼɫ˺һۡ
̸̸
ַ۾ţʲôҪ̸̸ģ
˵һĪаһѾַƫʧ̸̸ܵɣ
Ȼû⣬ַ㣬ǻе£һˡ
ַ㻹û˵ȿˣԵúǺƾ;ܿһ뿪ַһһ㶵ģһʲôʱôˣ
£ȡƺͷ
ʱѾߵַߣɫмΣ˵Ǳ߱İɡ
ַ΢΢ͷҲƵʲô¡
ַ㣬㻹ǵǵһμ𣿡
ǵãǴҲ㱻ɱˡַֹһŮ˵İԵӡ̰
㲻͵ҵĻôɱ㣿ƺܲˬĵַһۡ
͵ˣַҲͬˬˣ۾ƵɨţһȫɺϣŮ˾һҧ͵
㡭ƿַĿûѪ쵰а
Ƶַһˬ죬ȻҪ͵Ҿſ˵ʵŮòģǼƷˣ϶в͵ɡ
ãҳϣˣǸ
ҧгݣҪΪ˸ףŲһ
ַȫŪƳһ۾һֱƣҪӶԷ۾пһЩ
㿴ʲôַһֱţֻڣϾ΢΢죬ַһȻѵ
㲻ᡭַŹֵĿƣֹƵƯ۾һգգĿ
㲻ᡭ˰ɣַڱһ仰ʵڲܹ˼룬Ůʵ̫ˣټıַ֣ԽԽпܣǰԼû̸ַ㲻ɵЩ˼
˺ü룬ڣһŭҲ޷סĴз쵰


0072 
ʼ磬ַ΢΢һЦܹʵƱֵĲ
һԵƿַĵӣҧҧŽŭѹȥ
һ£
ĬƬ̣Ǻ̲סڡ
ʲô£ַ
֪ѩ¹һǿ𣿡ʵ
Ȼѩ»ʳǵǼҡַ˵ѩ¹Ҳ˽һЩһܹƻʣʵȻǿӹɣ˵һĹŴ˭ǿ󣬱£λӳ㣬ֻʵַɲΪǼܹΪۻ֮ңûѩµʵ
һ㶣û뵽ַЩʶȻһеġ
ѩ¹ʼǿѩҲвǿͼ壬Ʃƺڣʼ࿹ƻ˵Ȼڣѩ¾ҪѩӢţѩʥԺʱƺڡڵȴŵӵܣһãõõԴõʦ̵ɳΪǿߡ
˵ͣƬ̣Ŀ⿴ַ㡣
ַ㿴ƣɢһЦйϵ𣿡
ưַһۣаһĺܣƲԼк塣
ѵΪѩʥԺһԱֻҪ鵤ȡ֮似ѡջ˵
˴˿ַ̣ﻹ᲻Ƶ˼ֻڲ²⣬Ů˵ʲôݣȻΪ˲š
뵽ɽĳѪַȷţƵݣǱѰ
ַ˸ЦôǷĶˡ
ַ򦣬ƣЦЦûһŮ

ɫһһַˬһЦŲǰȥ
ǿѩ¹Ҳ㶼ҰĲһԸ٣ҪǽӽҽѩʥԺô𣿡
ַĿһһеĻҪѹ츳֮ǿڸղţ쵰ڵ٩Լ
뵽ƾͻˬҪлһҪ쵰һ٣ȡЦԼڡ̧Ų׷ַ㡣

ź壬ŵӾ۾֮ء
ھźһ޴ĶŵĵطΪһʯڡ
ʯ棬һÿһоŸоУʮһŵǿİʮһˡ
˾ǣ޴ʯڣһװ㣬ǰʮһӣܹƶλá
ŵӣϣԼֿǰϵǰԾζǵǰ
ʱĴѾǰλȡ£˶ףĵӵʯϣ֮
ȡ֣λʯ֮׵־Եøҫۡ
ҡ
ǰֻ֣˽һʱ䣬վŵӵ۷壬ңû˻ỳɣֻҪԸ⣬һΣ̤УûУ˶֪̫ˣԼںĵеĺ漸С
ңʮ꣬ʽƺڣûоţֱӿŵУ֮һУϳʯڵǰ棬һȥֿҫ۵Ǹλá
˶ţҵĳɾͣɽԼߡ
ʱʯڶ⣬һӰΧŵ˲׷õĿ¶羴֮ɫ
ңˡ
һУм֮ɫۣӢͫףտ֮ɫԵø죬ҡ
ˣϲԵЦŵ
ŵһѡޱ飬ɨʯһۣ˵ǣʵҲֿʯ֮ϡ
ţһġǵ˵ͷϴĿ֮°ܸܷҲӿ̿ʵڲǰõͻƣѾ侳أ츳ڣҲвСҿء
ǺǡҵȻһЦ漴ĿһɨΧȺտ˸һĨ޵ɫ
ƣҵŮˣ˭ٴƵ⣬ΪС
ҵĻ£˶겻ѣ˵Ҷ⣬Ȼ٣ʱҸǵˣΪԵ
Ҫ֪ĵж˿ƣԼΪŵһ˺˵˿ԣѾ׷Ƶ˷ˡ
˶Ĭʱһʱ˵ͻأ
ǲŮˣ˵˲㣬ҪԼ˵ַ֪һأҵĿԶʱܲˬ
ţĿһ
˭ô󵨣ңɡ
ȺаҲʵǿͬʱΪ츳ӣĵӶҸа塣
ܺáĿתŲ΢տĿ˸һĹ󣬰綾߰
䡣
붴ǽҵײѪ˫ȴŲĺâ
˵һ䣬ɱ㡣
ƽȴޱȰԵ
ġ³һѪˮĶңΪһʱΪŵһж˲𣬸ֵһʱ䣬㡣
Ŷֵ˭˵¶һ˿Ϸʵɫ
ַ㣬Ƶˡ
˵Խַ̨ϵı֣ŻҶֻҪַʱ䣬һܳԽңַԶʤԼ
ַ˭
ҵʵûȥ̨ʵҲ˸ս
һ̤侳СӶѣ˼ֽƣ̫ԶˣҾˡ
һԵĳǲм˵
𣿡
ʱ֮⣬һŵ


0073 ֮
˵Ŀ⳯ȥʱһ
ƣǳŮ˭
Ⱥȵǣ˿̵ƣȻһһ飬ַ㣬˶ַ̨㡣
ڸղŵȻַ֮ڡ
ѵַƵˣ
ղŵĻɵ¶֮ɫһۡ
ֻʱɫƽտȴкһ
ַ㣿øӵĿ⿴ַ㣬䵭ʵ
ǣַƺûĻֻɨһֱۣӽˣߵ˺ߡ
û°ɣ
СˣʲôЦ£ں
Ժô嶯˵仰ˡַ˺һۣһǸµȻ˵ŮˣղûƵĿɱ
һĿȻ˵Ůˡ䵭ĵһԵһĨŭɫɨһۡ
ʱü侳ŵӿĺأȻֱӽӵˣƺڣû˸ǰſ񣬼ŵĳ϶ҡ
㻰û𣿡
ҵĻ£ʱڵĿռ䶼·࣬˶ڰΪַһƣ츳ǷԶԺҶ˴ҪõЩѵˡ
ͳԼϣ˵ʲôֹôַûңźУ˵Ůˣʲô
ĿַһۣΪһû
ҡڡʡ㡭
һһ٣һɱϢڿռţȺ棬ַ㼸δ档
ˡַعͷһۣ˵ǲַ㣬𣿡
ߣԭûЦ
ȻǷַ㣬˵㲻ʶң𣿡ַʡ
ҿַ㣬ǿһɵӣһԴǷ⣿
ϻ
ϻǰɣȻ㲻ʶңôҲʶ㣬һΪʲôҪش𣿡
ַ˵֮ʱŵվҵʲô
£һɷϢڿռŵ
ˣ
˼ַ㾹ҺҶţһˣҪ
ҵɫһһ󣬵һΣ˸ô˵
ַ㣬ԲѣҵˣˡǽŲַ
ǣŵһˣʯ꣬Ϊţڲǰ˵棬ڵ侳һؾܷɻܣҿŶϣһֳɡ
ַƽ˵һ仰óŭ棬£ų衣
һ졣ַ㼸仰㼤Һͳǵŭ⣬аƵĻȴġ
ղ˵ڸ̤侳СӣôСӣһ£Ͽ̨ϣս񣿡
Ͽ̨ϣս񣡣
ƽĻʯеһƬַ㣬Լսǣңսһ̨
ַܵϵķƣԼƽдŵţҡˣؾ緢ҪһٽԼֿʯ֮ϣַ仰ȴҡǿҵš
̨ϣս
ȻɵĻȴһشûڳǵġ
ƾʲôôţ𣿡ǰԼ
ǽƵȷǿƵʵȴһնɱǿһЩҲͬĽ
ңһǷȫʵǿһЩܶԸ𣿡
ĵóǵɫһ˿ŤѾһΣܷ䲻
ЦҲŵһˣ̤ӣȴԸΪ˵ĸӹƾһ㣬㣬ѾûгΪǿߵʸǿߣļ㡢ǿһ׷׸֮ϵĳɾͣޡ
ַ㿴ѿɫϵķƸǿѹ֮ѹڳϣĽŲҲ΢΢ǰСһһСóзңѹޱȡ
ǿߣļ㡢ǿһ׷׸֮ϵĳɾͣޡԺлصַĻǵļ˲ûǰͼǿ˳ΪţȴԸұ󣬽һ㣬֤ϲҡ
ʰյĺҫ
ǳǣҲڻζַĻͷĲƽ
һú͸񶯵ûЩţһ֮ŵƣô¡
ǣ£ҡװβ¿ԣȴ־ᣬսս㣬ţų򡣡ַƺûͣµ˼Ųٶǰ̤ޱѹֵڳϣͬʱѹ顣
ųų򡭡һħڳǵԺлصɫϵŤţҲû˿Ȼ
ͻȻǿһ˫סԼĶ䣬ĳŶ֮ⱼȥ˲ʧӰ
ʯ֮УһƬž˶ĿһĻͷ𾪡

ַ㣬ó֣Ǽóı۷塣
˿̣ȺĿַϣֻһĨЦЦݣż֮ɫͫУ·һźɫ׽
ħޣԻΪַӵ˻ħ꣬ȻҲ˼ֻͨڸղţȻǵ־Ͳ㣬ַƾ輸仰ͻߡ
ĮտĿ綾ߣַϡ
Ȼмʵǰ㻹̫Сˣһڹңңҿ㲻
Į˵ַ㲻˵Ըµ߳ɾҪַǰϥ̧ͷ


0074 ϶
ַ·ûҵĻĿںϵţȷʵ˲١
𣿡ַźһڿеȻָҡ
šͷַߵǰоֻģŵǿڲűٹһʱ䣬һܻ
ô
ŵУ侳Ǹ֣ǰ棬侳ؾǿߣԺĵӵĵλӵ侳صΪĿһŵӣӦ侳۷Ϊ
ΪȷǿҲǲսʤ٣ַʵûжԷǿҲаȫˡ
ʲôˣֻһοǵĻᣬ򣬼츳ٺãҲҪ
Ҳһٶ𣬱˵һŵŵӣǺĵҲսַȻһƽƣʵ̫ˣɲΪǡ
ǿ󣬿ɲȽҪңԼоԵš
ҪٿˡַҡҡͷǹһĨаЦ˵ңҲûзŹĴ㡣
ַ㻰һ䣬˵Ŀⶼһüһ湻ŵģҲԵ˭
ңŵһˣӣַʲôһոŵӶѡ
ǺǣááŭЦ˫տгһ϶ĺ˵ĸоһߣ涾ޱȣ˲
⣬Ҫŭˡ
аֻϱæˣҿҡ
ַҲͬܵϵ⣬ɺ˵ĺⲻͬ񡢶
ңʲôɲǷϿ̨ɫһ䣬Ųַǰ
ŮȻԭģʵϣҺԨԴǳҵĿ£Ʒǳ˽⣬ݵ꣬һ񶾵ߡ
ƻַѩʥԺȻôƿַȻʵԶԺҶԿսɡ
ҵŮˣűˣͲ𣿡
ɭЦտ۾ø죬Ϥ˶֪Ҫɱˡ
Ҵû˵ŮˣŮˣİɣ෴ַŮˣҪҶַ㣬һŹ㡣
Ƶңĵ
ȻƾȻ׿ڳַŮˣַ֪һʲôʺˣ²ƺƷġ
ȺĿⶼַ㣬˲ơ
˵ĺһݵĿַ㣬ǿǿô쾹ȻͰƸ㶨ˣĵӶ޷²ƣŮˣֵܰ
ڴ˿̵ַ㣬ͷһڹ֣ߣƣʲôʱŮˣ
ַ㿴ΧȺĳĿ⣬˼ˣŮˡʲô񾭡
ҸҪˡҵӵɭš
ңŭ
ƺڣûҲҵ¡
Цһں
𣬽ͻˡһȵֻԶһӰŲ̤˶֮ڡ
òļһң㵱ƺ𣿡һЦҵĿ˿˿ˬ
Ѧʱθɣҵ£ƺְֲɡ
ͬˬĿŶԷĿ䡣
ҹȻһôĵ϶
ȺһĻͷѦƺųϣ֮ڣм˸ϵġ
ߣַȡŵƵģ㾹вҪɱƺڿʲôطˣΪƺڳϣѵܲá
ҵĵ̣ȷܲá
ĮӶڴ漴ڶڲ߳һꡣ
³ϡҶ΢΢һЦͬųϣ䷢ӵƺͷΣʯϵ
³Ԫ΢΢ͷĿºͣѦ֮ʱͲôѺˡ
ѦúôԼĵ̣Ұʲô
ʲô˼Ѧ³Ԫʵ
ʲô˼³Ԫܣûʲô¡
˼˵ҿɱˣŵӣ
ˣҲû˾ÿϧѦ̫ܵˡ
һȻû뵽Һַìܾλϵìܣ³ϵĻ䣬ˣ͸ŵӣпޱȡ
³ϵ˼ַ㲻ң㱻ɱˣҲǻãߣԼɱ
ַȻҲ³ϵ˼Цݣȴһ⡣
Ϊŵӵģȡƣ䷢Ƶĳϣȴ˵ʵң͸ʲô
Ѧַһ棬ǰձϻػǳȻǱϵˡ
ѦϡַͻȻѦĿתַ㡣
ллַЦ£漴Ų̤³Ԫңʵ³ϣַ㣬ǰȡƺͷΡ
³ԪɨַһۣĿ͸ŲмԣҲʵ츳ǿıҲǳֲ
Ϊ˲ҵĺøУһַ㣬Ȼֵһᡣ
³ϣַ㣬ǰȡƺͷΡ
ַ΢΢ߣޱȣ
ʶ̧١³Ԫɨַһۣһֺȳ


0075 
󵨣³Ԫ̫ˣַ̤ţȡƣŹأ㾹ΥѦɫĵ
Ѧϡ
ַͻأĺһѦһַͣ㡣
գȡƣ³ϲʣҹ£Ѧ𣿡ַʵ
ԡѦ˵ͷַ⡣
Ȼˣ͹ˡַЦһַ㲻Ը̤ţʵҡ
˵ַ꣬ȻתŲ̧𣬴źȥ˶㶣ʵڲַ⻰ʲô˼
ߣΪѦ㣬һһΣ㣬ұɱ֪ѦҲлɱַ㣬ǣֻҪƺڣַ㣬
ҵ㡣
ַĻӰȴʧ
ѦüͷţĿ³Ԫһۣŭ³Ԫڵģһᡣ
˵꣬ѦȥЦ³ԪΪʸҾַ֪ڱеĵλ򣬽֮£һ
³Ԫ£Ӳڡ³Ԫм˵ңϧˡ
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㲻ӦúôͻȻˣַ·ûƵĻ㣬Цŵ
һﾹȻ˼ЦҵĿ֪ġ
ֻǲһѩʥԺѡƵַ
ƺûдӦѩʥԺɡַУղ˵ҵŮˣ
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Ŵȵĵڶ֣ŵսȡǰһλŵսȡǰʮһλĵսȡʮλ
˶սһŵ̤֮ŵӵսʧȥ˲ֻҪŵսͺĵսڴġ
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ʱڿ̨λϹվʱӵϿͻȻð
Ϲ΢΢һЦҪڣڴʱĿȴ΢΢һͣüͷ塣
ĿԶϼԶһǿҵҲƺ̲㣬ǰ˳
Ϲ֣ڳĳЯá
ǵأϿлصȺĶУֱ顣
ǿ󡣡
ͷͲ̧ͷͿԶһȺ̤ƶò
ҲͬʱһɺأʵգȻ۰漴˪亮죬գƮѩ
ѩɽׯѩ죬ǰݷá
һۻӱѩ֮дѩƮ䣬ĴݸȺ·һɺ⡣
ѩ죬ѩɽׯׯ
ǡɽá
Ե쫷ϯѩ裬غХȺֻ䣬ȫ
µǣ統УһĽޱȷ
ԶһںڵȻΧγһɹǿҵС
ںڵȻﳤＸʮףףվһӰϵĳӭ
ɷ졢ǱˮںڵƬǣϻһ˫޴ںӶ䣬رɫ
ÿֲޡ
ȺͷĿǷ̺ɽ
𺳵ǣԱߣһױȵӴ·ҪƲ񷣬һ޽ХǰС
޽֮ϣҲͬһӰУЦա


0076 п
ϹĿ⽥ñ䣬罣
棬ӳչ֮
ѩ죬ѩɽׯׯ
ɽŸ
ǣҲǰƺڵСүκ֮
˵شϼԼʳǵ¼ҡңڵĹͬʱ֣ƺڵŴ֮գȻΪصġ
ϹĳЯλãĪ֡
վھ޽֮ϣŰɫףݣ֮ʱ޽ֱӽڿ̨֮ϣ¡¡ϣ̨һֱǹɽ֮»Ϊĩ
ͬʱ桢ѩ졢׷׽ڿ̨֮ϣĿˡ
ڶǵԣκĮĶϹ裬ϹȥһֱǺģգҪƺںÿ
ǺǣƺͣƺҡϹ䣬ɺЦ˵ֻǲ֪λΪζ
ǰСκѾϹҲ¸հԶ׼ѩʥԺҪλһңλѴӦҪΨƺߡ
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ΣϹʵ
ȻϹϽ͸£ôֻΪѡˣɽƺŴȣܹƺڵӵķɣһһѡֱ˵Ե
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ַǴһ˿ЦҸ߰Դ󣬸ˡ


0077 ƺڣ
Ȼ˸Ƿ
ȺĿַϣĿʱһΪʱַ㣬ȻŵӵķΣѵһŵӲɣ
ϹҲüͷַ̤յ㣬ΪλŷΡ
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⼸ˣϹΪδϹ貢ϣ̫֮ìܣҺַ֮䣬ƺԾ
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Ŀǳˣ治֪ʲôʸ񿪿ڱտ˵˷
ַеĳ֮ԽԽŨ¶ȤɫһʵԶԶأҪңȻô˵ңǲ֪ν
ѵʸ񣿡Ҳ¶Ϸʵɫʵ
ҵȻûʸҲ˷ַĽŲ̨ǳƽ
վŵһŵӷôĺĵǷʱֵΣ
ߣĵӾǿҲᳬԽкʸ˵ҷǣȴԶлᳬԽҡ
ҽޱȣƺŵӶоϻģȴҵ츳ȷܱȡ
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˿츳ţУ㣬ĶѣҲףΪţῴ㡣
ַ㻰£ĿⶼһͣһҴģһ۹⣬ôĵӡ

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ŴȣȫԸһսȡΪҫĵӣսǰ֮ˣ֮飬ܣҲˣңȴƻЩ˻ɱսߣ㣬ʡ
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ͻƶԵĻӡϵӣư˻Ƶû뵽ַʵôǿ˻õ۷壬Ҫƾһװ˻ƾͬʱԸˣԶˡ

ХХɽһ貵Ĺ⻪ڿռ˸
һ·һ⣬ѤӰ
޾ĻͻأϨϵҲͣƬ̣һѪľɳһ

ƺˣַóģɲƣǽ
𣬽֣Ȼһ⻪ݡ
Ȼղַİ˻̫ǿˣƾ侳һص˻õ£ͬʱλ侳ǿߣƺַģǽҲ˸˴ۣҲ̫أ
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ַĵλϹٶȰθߣ侳һΪ˻õ£ֽνӳǿĽһ̤ŵĵ


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˵ֵס˻ƵӡȴվǣĿµӰ
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ַ㣬ǿĻҪǿӵлɱǵʵ
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Ǽ̤֮ʱǷ뵽ԼҲͬᱻǸǿ˼̤һУԼѡ񡣡
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Һһμ棬̨ϣһգĬĬСڵĴӣЯܷƺҪˣΪֻǸŵӣĪаϣˬĴӦ˶ԷҪҽԷңҲδֹǺǿַ㣬Ѿ޷վ𣿡
ҵĹʧϹ̹ϣַϴ΢΢ݡ
Ϲؽ󣬺ܿ㡣
޳֮ʱǰڷɱޣĪаϣΪģȻһŵ֣޿Уһλ£˶Ҳ֪Īаɺö˶ˣûܵκγͷΪŵӣʵСֵһᣬ𣿡
Ϲַ£ЩԶԣȷڶοǷַ㣬ַܵڶΣųĪа֮֡
뵽⣬ϹݺݵĵĪаһַۣ㾹ŵ뷨ĪаѲ˸ϵ
£ͬҵĹϹɳϣǣַ֪Ϊ£ŭĪаϣ㽫Īаɱ϶㣬мӣ룬Բ뿴˳ƺڵġ


0079 Э
ϣַмӣΪַɱĪа
Ϲ˿ûбܻĽ˵ʱųϵɫˣǿ֪Ǻεַ㣬Ȼ˼ҿصˡ
ϹԶһλųɫ䣬ˣ³Ԫ
⣬ѹѦǰʯڶַ㡣³Ԫɫѿû뵽ַıҲ񣬾Ͽأ˿ͻȻЩѦǰĻһڵġ
ַͬͷ΢ձħ޾ߣ֮һ֪û뵽ϾΪŭɱĪа飬Ϊ
ƺڣ˵ַ˭ᣬһļλѣܿоǱԼĬԵĿϣȻŮҲһˡ
֮Ҳᣬ֮Īаųϣ߸ϣʵ
⣬ǰյҳΪŵӣһͬǰʯڶȡŷκƣңҪɱңͬŵӣҪɱңȻţΪųϵ³ԪûгֹҲ޻
ǣ³ԪΪƺڳϣûֹ˵ҸֻΪʵңѵʵҵˣǺεŵԼΣ³Ԫֻһ֣
˵˴ַͣʱ˶ףΪַ㻹ԼŵӣΪջǴŵӵķΣһУΪųϣ³Ԫ
һɫĿ³Ԫϣʱ³Ԫһһεѹٵϡ
³Ԫд£
ϹĮУȴϣݲ³Ԫѡ

³ԪԴţϹ裬˿̵ںޱȣö˶˵ģʲô¶ˣΪֺңȴַ㣬ҿɲΪͷͽ
³ԪķӦʱϹȫ˹˵Ҳַ֪֮£ʵѹ֣ԳŵӣǿЦ
ááǵȨܴ󰡣մ͵ŵʸ㵹ĺãֻһ֣֣͸Ϲ𣿡
²ҡ
³ԪԴ嶼΢΢Ĳֻų϶ѣҲûʲôǿӲĺ̨ĪаܱȣĪаַ㣬㱻ɱڲ
ʱҼˡ
ϹȻȴ³Ԫޱȿֻţ֪ϹδΪδ֪Կ־塣
ַ㣬ϹΨεĿЦΣÿһζ˵ĻңÿζҪַ
ӦҵĸܰɣƺڣҲ֪ͻ⵽ĪаϵĶ֣ҲƺڻжٸĪа³Ԫŵӣ˵ŵӵλߣԳ϶ԣֻǸӣɱɱݽ档
ַĻͱˣÿһ䣬Էθʵ޷Ϲ裬ҲԶԡ
ַ㣬ҪϹ裬
ַ㣬Ϲ迪˵
˶һϹ裬Ϊַ㣬ȫ̬˿˿
ʵⲢϹĹʧһֻΪ磬ʵһе˼άٹ̡
ַ㿴Ϲ̬ȣ΢ЩøУΪһ֮סȴϷ棬ŵϴƵԼпԿϹ裬ػҰϧš
߹ңΨӵǿʵܹõأŵӣ츳뻵Ǵӵײ㿪ʼ𣬲Ͻǵ㣬ߣʣСʱûеõŵأȵǿƾʲôָš
ַĻϹ跴˼û츳ǿĵӣҲǴ߿ʼֻЩ˱ھܵӣЩˣȴ֣ͱǰַ㣬ǣ˽յľ棬ŵı׶ˡ
֮ڣִϣţϷͬΨˣŵӣܺദ֮УŲɱ¾ԼȺ֮£޹أɷԲ
Ϸͬ޹أɷԲ
Ϲ˿˿âǿΪǾ½˶еķǿߣǿߵȨǿߣԽأǣŵأ
Ϲ跢Լˣ棬ǿ߰Ե֮ڣ֮棬ַ˵Щŵʱûܵأȵǿ󣬺̸ţ
ӣš
Ϲ迴ַ㣬վϹ裬ܽˣַ㣬Ȼʢǿңϣ¡
ַ㣬ţ
˴󻩣Ϲ˻Ƿİʾ
ַֻ㲻ҡͷţֻΪˣģҪһЩģҲȺܶҪԶҪһţȴһˡ
Ҳ뿪ţֻ뽫е뷨˵Щ˿ǵͬʱҪģһɣҸԸµɡ
ַ̬ȲôӲϹҲĪа³Ԫһַ㣬ţҲΪЧϹΪˣַ㻹ǱȽҲȫûбҪôҪһɡ
ַ㣬ֻҪϹڣѹ㣬˵ıݺԼ㡣
Ϲŵ˵
ֻ֮ģôǰܵѹԼ裬㣿ַ㲢ڴˡ
³ԪҵĻƺڹأһΪԼųݣƺڡ
Ϲ΢ʱ̲סͷһΪַ㣬Ϲ裬ҪһųϣǡɱһӰ١
ˡ³Ԫ⻰ɫʱҰףϵΪţ³Ԫɳ˷еķδ
޿ˡϹᶨޱȣ³ԪҪϣ԰ַ֮ġ
ˣҡ
³Ԫ֪ϹѶ޷Ϲı⣬ǶϿеҺ
˿̵ζԸַ㣬ܵɨ³Ԫһۣûᣬ³ԪĶˡ
ʡ壡
ַҵۣ³Ԫо˵УΪˣַ㣬˴ѣںӡ
ַ㣬ˣɷ⣿Ϲʵ
ַ㿴Ϲ裬ƽҡҡͷ
ƺһˡ
ϹЦһ£ַ㣬Ը񰡡
ȺҲһȻĿһ飬ȫĪаϣǵȻַˣĪа˭
˶ΪַὫһʽҹΪϹǷ⣬Ѿһְʾˡ
ϾĪаǺˣԼųϣĸףִϣλޱȣҪϹ趯ĪаĪаͬĪϹ
ַ㣬ƺûаЭ˼ĻìͷֱָĪа


0080 ŵʵ
Īа΢΢£ַ㣬һﻹǲ֪νѵΪƾ츳㹻Ϲ趯
ǿЦĪа¶֮ɫ
˶ڣǷŴȼУĪҪ˲ǡ
һֱǱĿĪſûĬ£գϾҪĪаΪˣŭΪЧ꣬ΪһŵӣҪӵ
ңѵ⻹ԵĪа֮ҪĪа˵棬̤ŵĵߵͷﲻɣ
ĪڣϹиǿЦûĪڣ˵ĪаȻĪƺڱҪ磬ԪϣΪַ֮£ʹĪаַ֮ܰģɻЩԪϺģš
Ϲ裬ѡ
Ϊһ֮Ҫǵģ̫ˡ
ַ㣬ȽŴȣԺ飬Σ
ַϹĻʱףԼķǲųϣִϣԼһ츳ڵĺ󱲣ȷҪغܶ࣬ǣĪаԼ裬ѵ
͸裿
˴ĪаۣĪаɲ˼ٶıΪĪа֪Ϲ費ᶯ
ҡҡͷַĿᶨȻʵǣߣҲѪ⣬ϡ
ĪаκҪֻһϢѣϹҪ󶼲Ӧַ㣬һ˿𣬱ĪаΪ裬ƺڣк˼
֪Īаλ磬ĪϸǸ߸ϣΪͿңƺڣ̧ͷҴƺڣк壿
ַޱȼᶨգҪĪа֮
Ͽ֮УռԵøļžַ㣬ųĪаˣ֮䣬Ϲ裬ֻѡһ

˶пЦַĻǿӲҪĪа֮ѡ񣬹
Ц
һĮͻأĴ˵֮һŵӣվ̨ϵŵӣңЩŵվλãڵڶʮһλҲζŵеǵڶʮһλ
һɺԣַ㣬ĪаϺεݣʵεǿʲôһŵӶѣĪаҪݺ㣬㻹վԻ¿ԣΪͬΪƺڵһԱе衣
Įڣֱҧַ˵˵
Īа˵ĻĿ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ŀһۡ
ײڳСαغһʶʥԻйƽϡ
ϣȻ֪ʥԼһ츳С޳ܣ߲Ŵұɱ
ײĪаһһͣʥֿϹͷϣ·ϹַĻĪаǻӹ
ĪаϸִĹ治٣ѹϣѹŵӡ
ַдŨŨķ̣ײҪĪаΧҪײۡ
ó졣
Īаײʹһײ⡣
ײ̹̹ȴǹײԸս֮սȫ
ײŭϹս
Ϲüͷһ壬ײŵһλʵѾ侳أǿޱȣԶ侳صܹȵģַȻϵĲӦһսĻַΣա
ϹҪܾʱַͻȻˡ
ַ̹̹Īаݺ˽֪ȴ˵Ի¿ԣĪаĹʲôһսս
ַ̧ͷϹ裬Ŀ⵭ȻţûаĲϹͷ΢΢¡
ѵַ㣬ʵ
뵽Ϲвɵһ˿Σ΢ս
лײϹӦ˷ޱȣ΢οնĽ̨ϣַԶ
սΪս׿ڴӦַ㣬ɡ
ײǿһ·Ϲᷴڡ
˴ַͱˣĪа²̨ײվ˳ĪаΧܹɱַ㣬Īа϶ص
㵹Ǻš
Ȼһո̤ŵĺ󱲣츳侳صǰ̫СˣҪͷܹ꣬Ĩɱ㡣
˵ţײϵţƺܿԵײϣɫĹ⻪˸ž׵֮
侳Ϊ侳һأ̫ˣ츳ֲܹģַ˽ƣҲܡ
ҿԸ㣬ҵ꣬׵磬Ե׵磬ǿޱȣ㣬ʸͷ׵ꡣ
ײ־𣬰ɫ⻪˸Ŀ𺳡
׵꣬ǿޱȣҹٶȼΪѸݣǼΪǿ꣬ƾ꣬ײ̤侳زãͽԼֿʯڵĵڶʮһλֻһλͿԽǰʮ
˻ơ
ַúײϻ־һƺӡ˳
ߡ
ײһЦ˫΢׵⻪ͬʱţӡ֮ϣֻһ˲䣬ӡ
ơ
ַŲһ磬һεĽڿռţûнȴн⡢ơ
˫һӣӡһȥء
ַĹܹԷĽŲٶǰ磬ռХؼ䣬Ψн֮ơ
ֲǣɽƵͻȻıһղַɱλǿߵʱ򣬻Ҫǿ౶
εѹײϣײֻŸѵʹ·д⣬ͻᱻǿĽ˺ɷ顣
侳ء
ײͷһ㲻侳һʵ侳ء
Ⱥȫɫַ㣬Ȼʵ̫̬ˣǰû˵ַ֮Ͷ̶̵ʱ䣬ַѸ𣬳ΪĿĽ㡣
Ƶӵ侳صʵԺ侳ǿ࿹ˣѹ˿ηײһս
һɲ似츳˰
Ϲ趼Щľˣǵһμַ֮ʱַ㻹Ǹ侳СʵС侳һصܷţ̶̲ʱա
ַ㣬ͻ侳ƣɱǰʮһӣս侳صǿߣңƺռϷ
ϻʵ̫˵㡣
ַŲٶһ磬εĽȻײķΣʹײļֲĽ֮Ͻײɫ䣬һμʶƵĿ¡

һž˷ײϣʱ޾׵ƣһߣҫĿ
˻ơ
һɿֲƷϯ޾ӡǵأһַޱ˻ƣա
ײ
ײһЯ׵⻪˫ȭͬʱԵ׵绯򣬴ʹȺױȵǿ֮ڿռţǿײӡ˲
ν
ӡδɢЯǹһеĽơ
νҪ졢µĿ죬Խ죬Խֲ
ַһγ׳Ľնȥ˺ѿռ䣬˺һС
ŭ
ײһ˶ԡ޾׵⻪У˫ۺ˫Ҳȫᴩ׵磬·ķŭֿǿĽ
ǡ
׵뽣ײҫ۵İ׹ޱȣȺ۾޷
ײоϴʹɫ࣬û뵽ַ㣬ǿ˹
ΪƣԽսԽǿΪơ
һ£ΧĽƲûмøǿֻƣͷ·Ҫײѹ


0081 ε
һס
ַһдŹֱĹ⻪˲ϢƼ似ַʹöƣ˿似
֮Եǿı
ײ˫ȭ߾٣ݺύ׵赲סԵľ֮ײȴƺһ˼
ַĽƣٶǿ
Ҳˣ䡣
ײߺһ˵Ĩɱַ㣬սʤַ㶼ܣ˵ҪҲʡ
䣬ŵʮһλײ侳Ϊַ䣿
ȺһƬ֮ǰ̤ŵĵӣǿ衣
ͣӦòʮҰɡ
ͻȻע⵽ַͣͷͲʮ꣬侳ǿߣܹ̤ǰʮĴڡ
ַ˶٣ֽƮǹȵĽݺأǹɽƣ̨ϣѹײ·ַһ֣ʯ쾪
䣿
ַǸһ˿Ц⣺֮ս
ͬΪƺڵӣҲ޳ԹοơײüĿ˵
ЦƣԼ˵ĻĨɱңҪͷսǴǿ㻹˵ͬŵӣһأ
ַײĻ˵ĶģͬΪƺڵԩ޳ĻȻǰûʵ˵
ַ㣬ʵǿҪɱҲܣңҲҪСĴۡ
ײַ֪㲻Źв
𣬿
ַͻȻһĨЦеĽЯǹȵĽƣٶȻХ
ײͫһͻȻһɴַֻһУȴǧ⣬貵Ľ⣬Źĺڰ·ǳУĽ
ɱ
ײŭһǿ׵似ţʱ׵罫֣ɫâ赲ǰ
һĻüײڸʲô
ַһ˼򵥣ֻҪþУαҪʹɱļĴΧ似
ȻףǿĽײĽȫͬ
ײУǧâ͵˳Ҫ
ˡ
ַ㵭Įͷһݣ𽣾֮
һ·𽫿ռնΣԶռһ֮Ѻۡ
һɱһС
ˣײˡ
˶Ŀһߵһ
ײУɫԼǧⶼʧӰ٣ȴֳһĨɫΪһޱҫ۵Ĺ⻪ն£⻪󿴵Ĺ⻪

ײڿռص壬ȴӲ
·ãӦɢײü֮һϸµĽ۸֣˿߰ϸѪʼײ壬̨ϡ
̨
ˣ侳Ϊ׵꣬ŵӶʮһλײնɱˣ
ײҪΪĪаΧҪնɱַ㣬ȴ룬ֻһʯַĵʯ´˿Уַĵλְθˡ
˵յŴֻŵսһûս۾Ķǣȴʷǰġ
ƺڵȺʶڼ֤һŵ
ˣһҪ¡
Ŀ˸ԵĶκһַۣ츳˿ΪĶҪ
ΪãվҪɳ
Լѩɽׯׯѩͬʱһַɳһ˴ӰŵĴڡ
Ⱥ˼ַȻ޷ֻ֪֪ʵĪа޷նɱĪаҲһҪĪаַ֪㣬ǿġ
ȻķأǾӵɡ
ֳһϮƮַĿϿɨӣ˵
ĪаΪųϣȴΪɱŵӣ˼ɣˣ֮ܣʵ޷նɱŰ࣬ҲҪܣĪаƺڣܣַܣ˰ͬһŵУַ޷
䡣
ȺͷͲַҰģ̫ˣȻҪųĪаš
⣬̫ˣĪаţĪ棬δ棿
һ湻ġ
ƿ̨ϵַЩҲͬĪаΪζûĪаţһŵӣҪų𣬺εѣַ㣬ȴΪ˶Ŭ
̨֮ϣĪаɫ࣬һŵӣоϰĴڣȴվ̨ϣ˵Ű࣬ҪţĪаԣܴ衣
ǰ˵ŵţڣȴˡ
ǿԵĻĪаԥնɱַ㡣
ΪѵģϹ衣
ΪƺڵҪ˵̫ˣĪаųϣĪִϡ
ַ㣬ƺӵܣ츳ףһ㲻ҲһϿϿء
Ҫ΢СĪаԣַ˼ûĪаĪаû
֪ĪаΪųϣλܸߣĪԪϣΪ๱ףҲһ۵΢ᣬĪаҲǣĪаҪİ
ˣֻҵĽ֤ңӵĪаǿʮٱ
ĻȺͷȻַĿ񣬱ң˿
ַ֪㣬Ҫ֤ʤĪаʮٱ
ϹҲ棬ַ㣬Ҫ֤
ʱַֻĿվŵӵ̨ϣ˵Ŵȣַ㲻ţվ̨ϣսŵӣκҪһսɵ̨Ƿ֮սҶӦ
ʲôȺַĻٶȺݺݵĳ鴤¡
ˣһˣҪսŵӣ
ÿļһ˵ʵȺĵӣǰʮ֮ˣҲײҪǿַܶ࣬㣬ȻŵԵε
ȺĿ˸һһĪǷ˲ɡ
սʤκŵӣȷ֤ӵʤӵĪаʮٱ
쵰
Ƶɵôģַ㣬ʵ̫ˣǰֻһŵӶѡ
򺩺ɵЦţ̨ϵķŵֵ꣬ܣһЦɽӡ
ϹҲޱȣһҪսκŵӣ
ַ츳Ȼǿǣǿ̶ֳ
һƺûͷŹɡ
ϹͻȻ뵽ַûͷŹɵӿһ˿ڴӵȵĽƣ֪ǲǽǽĻ϶ýƸǿԵ


0082 
̨վŵӣһĿĮЩǰʮ֮ˡ
ǣΪţѱ˿ַ㣬վߵ̨ϣڳԣҪһ֮սеκˡ
˶˼ַʵײ֮ˣַʵǿܹɱײҲвˡ
Ǽɵǣַ㣬ʼնûͷ꣬ǽĻһͷţʵᱩʱ򣬵ȷӿֲ
ˣһʱûӦַĻռüžΨַڵ̨ϣżнХ֮ϣ̴档
ң˵Ƿϣ׵ɱңҪҹ㣬ڣҾ͸ɱҵĻᣬ㣬ʲô
ַĿҵϣƽеһƬ
ַ㣬ﲻݡ
һڣȻսǿߣһλҡ
ң侳۷ΪȻײ൱û˻ΪײܺᲢۣײаҵʸûУһϣһ¡
൱һʵ൱ַһֻ侳Ϊĸ侳ص˸Ҹа壬侳صײϣͬΪ磬սҲǧ
Ҿַһˣ侳Ϊߣǰһ侳صĺĵӣ˼ɵ
ĪΪɱײͿԺ࿹⣬ײЬʸûУУûʲôǷϡ
Ŀַ㣬һ츳͸츳츳ʵʵڵַ㣬ǰǷ
˵ôϻΪʾж㡢ǿ𣿡
ַβҵ˼˵ɲˣȻ˵ôǿǰϡǷֱ̤ԾԵĨɱңǿȻģϣҲǣŽʵʣһֻվƨ
˵󻰣˭ᣬײڱɱ֮ǰͬ˵Ƿ˵Լжǿ󣬽Σ
ַĻƵζ˵ȷʵʵ˵󻰣˭᣿
ҵ̨Ծǿѹַ㣬ްθߡ
ȴûô߰Դ
УַϣȻϣֻ֣Ҫһ仰ַأǸϡ
һԵˣ߰
ǣ˭ȥɱ͡
ҵĻʱ˸âҵʦ˭ǿɶҿеͣ˵Ҳܲ²š
ҩȱģɾǵҩЩҩǶԣ
ȥɱһӰ粽ͬᣬʮ߰ңĿ絶˴ſš
񵶡ͯ
ַΣˡ
Ⱥ˲ϳ˴ˣ˵̤֮ˣ⣬һˣǿͯĪˡ
ȻͯʵʯϽλем͸ˣû˻ỳͯᳬԽˡ
Ϊͯ꣬ǵԵĵӵеĻͯɲҫۣǣͯŵУΨһƵˣƣַĽƣԡ
ȻͯԵƵûַԽƵǿһβ࣬ͯ侳صʵֲˡ
ַͯ㣬ˡ
ãȥҪҪһǰҲǰף㶼սʤˣҵĲ࣬ж󡣡
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ҵǰϣҵǰν츳ֻԵÿЦңң֤νš
һ£һޱɭϢͷţһӵɫ䶾߸֣ⶾߣӰȴѾʵʵĸоҵ꣬ꡣ


0084 𺳡Σ
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ҺһʱַĿ⿴ң˫ɫӣ·һ磬ַԺһĿʧ
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ַ΢ֹסƣ˫Ž̨ϡ
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ȻַȻǿ󣬵ҵĲ࣬޷ֲʵ̫ǿˣڶŵӣսûС
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ַ㵱Ȼףûǿܹ㣬ȫΪֲ꣬꣬ĸ֪ķӦ֪·ҵٶȷķӦ㿪ҵĹ

˸ַƻӶǿĽҪնɱһУһŤ漴ˣ˲Զַ㣬쵽˼顣
ôܶ㿪ɫӶַ㣬
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аĿⶢַ㣬˵ַ㣬ҵ۾
Įͫ׺˫ɫ˫ײһһΣַĿûа㶯ҡǰ䡢һƬɫ
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ɷƣƷ似ڵԪɷ֮ǿֻҪж־ԶԷ壬ɷ֣Լնɱ
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Ҵ˿һָоһֺܹĸо·ڤڤһϢסӵģ޷

ŲɽӣַӰޱѸݣ˲䵽ǰ֮ն
һԾǿ㿪һͬʱ΢ɷ֮Ʈ
ͬʱһɺɫ˳ɷ֮У貵һ£ǿޱȡ
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𾪵ǣַ㼸ûκ˼ʱ䣬ŲֱӸǶĿһ
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˵Ŀⶼľˣ˲תңȫʧȥԣһֱʱ̶ҪɥΣա
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̾Ϣһһ˿ŨŨıڲǰͷ֣ƺڣѾΧסǵˣҪֶԸƺڡ
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ѪַͫһôѩȻȫΧ
Ŀ⳯ȺȥַѰƵӰʱͬǰһĻˡ
ôᡢô
ľȻĿǰһĻѪµľȴ׵ţƺڸΧ
ѵǸµгһ뷨ԼЩЦôܣʲôû˱˽⣬壬ײܻ˻
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صûֹͣܿ죬Ͽ֮УҲͬӿ޾ĳѪ̨˷̨֣Χˮйͨ
ܱΧж½أϿ̨򣬾ۼƺȺ˿ǣȴ˾أľأѷɡ
ƺڵĵӣ˵嶼΢΢ôЩˣҪʲô
ֻŵʼӣϿ̨򣬿ʼ


0085 
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һ˾㶼ʵǿÿһƻȴʮ׵ľ룬䣬͵ߵ̨
ͥŲ·ڻ԰ε
ƺڣеŵš
ǰԵĿһɨȺ˵ңǣ£ѡӵǰʳǣɱǿѧԺѩʥԺȻǵȴܾҵҪΥ˱µ񣬱ŭҪƺڣӴѩ¹
ǵȺ飬Ҫƺڣѩ¹
һ˴ųΨһ취Ǳǡš
ЩˣҪƺڣ
˵ĿֻӵǿңƺڣΪ׷ΪǿߣĪԩ
ʴȣǻᣬĵӡŵԼŵӣǽֿʯϵˣֻҪԸѳƺڣѩʥԺԼţȥһ
ٶ˵ȺԴһ죬ľʡ
Ҫѳƺڣңֻǰֿʯϵŵӣӵѱʸ
ЩûֿܽʯϵȺ˲ѡ񣬶ˡ
̨֮ϣϹˣ㶼ɫޱѿţЩˣָƺڵġ
ǧˣƺڴѾǧ֮ãĦϣûгԽߣ̫ᷢģĳͻսһΣȴʯ쾪
ڡѩɽׯԼǶҪƺڳ
ȻǻҵĽ룬Ĳ֣ƽ⳹׵׵ĴˣƺڣΪƷ
Ϊʲôѡƺڣ
ϹɫޱȱŶǣ޲ʳ⣬ѵǧţҪϹУ
Ϲ裬Լ𣿡Ц
˵ΪҾܾӣ˵ҲţԼţΪڡѩɽׯǣһܾǻҪ󡣡
Ϲɨ˳Լѩһۡ
Ǻǣ˵ûǣһʼҲܾˣǣҸǣһƺΪǣ̾ʹӦ
ǵĮȺͷһƺڣָš
ҲµˡϹȻһЦڵ֪˵Ŀ֮ϹѾڲ²⣬ΪʲôǣҲڡ
˵ԭ򣬺ܼ򵥣ΪƺöԸֻλɳǿҴ˴жƺڣָ𡣡
ѡ
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մʱԵøĲ԰ףŭ΢š
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ĿгޣǣúݶģöֶΡ
ƵĻ𾪣ƺڣֻв֪Ƶݣ֪Ƶĸ˭ƵĻףƺǷǳ˲ѩ¹պǶʡ
УѪƸ׵ľӣ

ͻȻһѩ¹˵һ˵ĹԱҫۣһ˵ҫ齮ôһ
켸ǧ֮ڣع³ʮգɱ֮ڣһ֮ˡ
һŹżˡɱǧ˾ţ׷ɱзǧգһԼԡѪֱӻȥ
ѩµػߣɽӣѪ֮õ֮ɥ
ƺ֮˸еޱҫǣƺڵˣΪЧȴҲһֱƺڵĽ
ƣҲĸף˾ˡ
ƷƣôôĶ壬Һ㸸Ī֮ѡֵܣǧΪˣôܻἵء
΢ЦҡͷƵĿ¶ȰɫĻ֮˸е־塣
ƵĸĪ棬ôղŻϹ˵Ҫ־ȥαα˸еġ
ҸֵܣĪ棿㻹ҪƺڣҺҸڵţ
ƿŶαһġ
ƷƣǱµ˼ƺڣȫΪѩ£ûκ˽ģ˵ˣƺһղһգֻӵܣЩ츳ˣǴߣǸԽ
ңǶģ㲻ŵĻͿš
ٵЦʼǣתĿȺ֮ʱʱɫñ䡣
ղ˵ĻЧֿʯ֮ϣԸ뿪ƺڡͶߣڣ̺ͳѪǱȥסѡʱ䲻ࡣ
ǵĻ£ռնʱޱȺи˼
вˣͶ̨򣬿ԼЩųϡ
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ͻȻڣ˻֣˵һ͡
ϡ
Ϲж͸һ˿ɫ
ǵѡɡ
дŰˣγ֮٣ʯϵˣ츳ҲײɾͣҽܻߵøԶôȥĻϧˡ
áϹ֪ϵģҲû÷ĵ˵ͷ
лͳϡ
Ϲͷ˿ˣ漴һųѪŵķȥ
˴ͷܶ˶ʼֻǶ̶̲ʱ䣬м֮ڱѪӣѾšԼʯϵȻвΪ˻ĳ
ͣ£˽ֹǻ˻֣һ˿Ц⣬ǳ
Ʒƣ㿴ԣңǸõĻᣬǶϧԸƺڡ
Ϲɫú෴͸һį֮
ַ㣬˵ĶԣŵС֮ʱûи㹻أȵһʵ̸ţΪЧ
ϹĿ̨ϵַϣһƱ˵׿ϵģ˶˺ѱ䣬ûпƬ̣ģɺʹ
֮ʣܼģЩŵӣƺڣûа顣
ϧֵ̫ˣʮ꣬Ҳ֮λģֻѾɾǧΰҵ
˿̵ַ㣬ޱ飬Ҳû뵽־档
Ϲ裬ַҲЩ壬˵ζԼϹţģ¿ǵģš


0086 һƬ
̫ˣ˵ȴֻҪԸ⣬ѩʥԺص
ǿϹ˵ַ츳ǷƺڵӵУַ㶼ǳ͵һλѩʥԺ츳ڵģԸ㹻ӡ
ȻңȻַУ츳ʵӹɣеǳûʲô㣬ǽյַ̫̫죬ɻƺҫ۵ˡ
Ȼַ츳űҲ£ҲΪء
ַ㣬ǰ;ޡ
̾Ϣ츳ھǲһܹܵӡ
ңַղһƺڴûܵأֻıݺȫûбҪƺһᡣ
ǶˣֻҪͷѩʥԺĴţΪǳңṩƺڸĴ
ǿַңʼ
ѩʥԺ
ַаһƾѾѩʥԺˣûдӦ
û뵽̶ʱ䣬ԼȥƣȴѾȻͬ壬̫Զ
Ŀ˸ͣԵһۣĮĿŶǵ
ߣʦ̵Ŷݣ֮ͽ
ҵĻϸһ˿οԼҴַĽ¾ûа׾ȡ
ҵȷŶݺ֮ܶ࣬Уֻǿϧһλš
ȻҰַܸ㣬ҲʧΪһӡ
˵ֻʱҷŭĶŶǡ
ƺǧҵȴҪһǿɱңҡ
˵⣬ҵͷţ֡
һٶѸޱȣȻŶ˹ȥͬʱһҲ˳
ңһš
£ҵѾԣĿ⵭Įޱȡ

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޳֮ͽ
òҪţֵԣֱ޳
̲סŭ
Ҳ漴ЦʶʱΪܣңģĳɾԶǽܹġ
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¡¡̨֮˻ԭأ޹
ʦģҽһᳬԽģϡ
ҿ˵Ѫ˶Ѫͽ̳ôһ
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ĿƳһַۣأҶˣƺڶûйκζݣ㻹Ҫ𣡡
ַ㿴Ŷǣɺƽ·κ¶޷Ĳ
˵ĿȫַϣȴĴ𰸡
ַ㣬˵ĶԣƺڶûùκεĶݣȥɣҲ㣬ƺڵˣҲ㡣
̨ϵϹ迪ڵҵıѣ޿ˡΪСصػΪӣַ㲻ͬǷƺʲôϹ裬Ȼǳϣַѱ䣬ǣûһַ㲻ѱɡ
ַӦ˶ǣϹҲܣַ㡣
Һͬˮڣ㽫££ңһӦ𣿡ַ㵭Įҵһ˵ʹ޵˭ַ㡣
䱾ûԶĳУңһͬѩʥԺǹƽĻ˭ָã˭ܵأ֮ǵĶԹұ㲻ܣɱɱ㣬޹أǵʵ
ַҡҡͷûҡû
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΢΢Ŀ˸˼Ƭֵ̣ҴӦҪȴӦǣȻߵ
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ѱţ˽֣Ц
ȺҲͷ𺳣ȻǶַĿأҪԶԶĳңȻΪַ룬ɱҡ
עҪһˡ
ɱַȴҡҡͷȻ֡
ɱٷأҲͬҡͷĻҶǳеĵá
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ԣ˼Ǿܾˣ
ԡ
ַ㵭ĵ˵ͷ˵Ŀٶ̡
ַ㣬ȻûмѩʥԺ뷨ֻˣԷҪǵ֣ɱ֮ˣҡ
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ң㿴㣬һⱻķ㲻ҲעҪҵӰ֮¡
ַһشûҵĽõ÷顣
ûֻҪַ˵ͷͻᱻɱ
ˡǵɫҲ΢Щַ㣺ҺԸһɣܾҵ𣿡
ڶǿƺڶַûаأΪַɱңַ㣬ʵûоܾɡ
Ȼƺڶûʲôݣ٣ƺڣ϶֪֮ңҵˮҵһƬ⣬ƺڣҵѣҵֵܣôܹΪ˻ͺǳΪˡ
ַ˵ƽƵ᣺ַΪˣңټرģԼĵߡ
Ǻܴ󣬵˶ú
ҵˮҵһƬ󡣡
ôܹΪ˻ͺֵܳΪˡ
ܼ򵥡ʵ䣬ȴ·ĺĳӣûȺ飬𺳣òϨ
ƶô򵥵Ļﰡģַ㣬˭
жδıϣ˿ǲϵĿо˿˿صˡ
ϾãһΨΪԺһΪӣǺַʶ
򵥵һ仰ȴĴ顣
ϣûˣϹ飬Ȼ˿̲ŷд˲š
ϹĿһ˿Գ
Ҳűϣĵ۹⣬ҺöˣסҵԼ
ġصĵͷĪ˵ڶԼָʲô
ʱΨжǣɫǳѿ


0087 һָ
Ǻǣ˵ʵѡҺ⡣
ǸһĨЦַ㡣
츳ڣԣҶǿ㣬ǰ̣ǣܾˣӦףͬΪ츳ڣԣ˿Ծܾң㣬ȴӦþܾΪҲŹһ˻š
ľܾעĽ֣ɡ
ǵĻһ䣬ɱȻһϢֱַ㡣
ַɫ䣬Ȼ׶ǵĻЩѡ񣬻Ҫģ֪ѡ񣬿ܻٲ
ǣҲ㶯
ʱƽŲ赲ַǰĿĮ
ַղһϯͬ𺳣û뵽ӡһֱõĺɫ֮ͽ쵰ַ㣬һ档
ңټַ츳һ
ƺڽڽӣˣҪΪƺһϣ
Ʒƣ
Ŀ񣬼ֵ
ҲǶҧĿ͸ż㡣
ƷƣΪʲôôںʲôϵ֮Ӷκ˳Ķַ㣬ϳַ㣬ɽ£Ϊַͣ£ȻַʶʱƷˣֻ˵ͬš
˿̣ȴ˻ַ㣬һ츳ڵˣһֱԼŮ˵Ķκ˲һ
ҺʲôϵθɡƵ˶κһۣ漴ΧĳѪǶţҲǽӵʲôˣǶǽӵ˭Ĳ£ҸҲػὫǾá
⻰κɫѿ˼֣ĵƷƣѵϲ
Ρŭϲ˭κθɡ
κĿһͣ漴ɫɭĵáãôˡ
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ַߵߣƵֱۣȻ㶼ҵŮˣôվǰ档
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кβҡ
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ơ
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ַɫһգͬһȵĽƣ͵˳
ߣߣһҪý㿴ˡ
κָһʱԪȣռĽڣһԪ֮гУڶκУŽâ
䡣
ȺͷһԪôܣκôôǿ
ԣӦһֽ֮似ǿ似

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κԣһߡޣַ㲻òϣǰý֮ˣǸ֮ܳΪߣӵнꡣ
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޾ɱ̨֮ţ֮նµ֮£ɢ֮޷ۡ
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Ϊֲǣ޽ϵ޾ֱַ塣
ۣ
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ǿҲ࣬ʵȴǿˣһţš
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ȡ
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κĮ˵𺳡
κ޳ܡַԵƺһ
ʵΪңӲȱʦ֮ַ㣬ʲôУĹ似ϵȣղһָ죬Ʒ似ޱǿַȣͲ߳ܡ
νҲͬǼд裬ΪԵʣ㱾ʵŬʲô
Ʒƣҵʵҵλã㲻ܷϣⶼҵһ֣ҾңЩҵģַ㣬ȵʸûСκͬƵĻ
㶼Σˣ䣬Ҫַ츳ʱ䣬᲻ǿȣû޳֮ġ
˵Ⱥͷ
ûκƣ˵Ķ
κΪãλߣӵʵܷϣЩѾӵеġ
ַ㣬ûжκãԼŬǻһλõĻ϶ȶκǿ̫ࡣңַ㻹ᣬȶκҪС꣬ʱ䣬㹻ַ㳬Խκˣַ츳Ҫȶκǿ
ô˵ǿǿң죬ɡ
ˣαΪһִƷƣҪΪҶμҵˣڣ
Ǵ˵ĻдŲɣ·˵ĻһΪʵƣΪμҵˡ
ΣƣԶΪμˡ
ߣƣ⻰ǰ˵˵ҲˣҪǴȥ治ˣμңǻҡ
һ䣬ĮʱѪµĹٶſ׼˷Ͽȣ̨


0088 
ˣˣѾһЩ˻ᣬϧǲ֪ϧȻˣǾ͡
˵˴΢΢ͣ£ֱ̧
Ķ뻮һɱ֮Ũ
Ҫˡ
ȺаһȻǱ㿴ǵֱۻ£һ֡
𡣡
֮һ֣ħȺͷ
ݡݡݡ
ֲХ֮أ޾ļʸƿգգϿϿգ䣬˶ǵվ̨طϿȫƲļʸǣ޾
ƺڣȺͷϿյڼʸ춼ڵסгֵã
ôļʸ޿ɱܣÿһ֧ǰ㣬ޱѸͣѪһӹµ֮
Ƭ֮󣬲ҽ֮صڿռ䣬һ֧֧ʸƺڵӵͷšֱۣʺѪҺϿȶȾɺɫ
ΨЩʵǿֿܹ֮Щʸ֮ѣǣǵһĹ
̨֮ϣϹ轫ͷϿշļʸɷĩȴʹıϣҿЩµ壬һȫŵӣϹ裬ΪƺȴֻĿһ¾ԼǰΪ
ƺڵλҲһĿѣдѪͫףζû뵽ŴȣƺҪһ죬Ϊƺڻ֮ա
һļʸȫ׹䣬ƺڵӵѪ۳һѪӣϿоʡ
̨ϣַ㾲ĿѪ۶ɵĺҫ۵£ַϣȴûиܵһ˿һů⣬ֻ޾뺮䡣
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ǣŶǵһ£޵ĿܻɥӣһʻѪ֮С
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ҽ֮ź֮޼£ƺڣʸ֮£ŵӣ

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κüͷ壬ʵ侳أַҪؾ磬˿ַ̣һȻܵв
˫ٶһ赲ס֮ƣκĽżأһַܿǿһ

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κһŲƶ쵽˼飬ӰһƮ˲ƮԶ֮
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κסԼķŭƽĵȻһûʸᲢ۵˲˵ֻ˵ַ
侳ΪԸ侳ΪӮˣʵǿȵʸûУ˿̱һͳû涯֣κѵãԼ̫޳𡣡
ַǷһ˿Цݣɫͫ׳˱ķζ⻰ͬһֱ̣˶κϡ


0089 ΢ݼ֮
޳ܵĻô
ƴʱվַĮĿŶκĿǿҵĺ⡣
Ǹˣƺڣͬھˣ
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޳ܣһ޷סķ޳ܡκĿַ㣬˵Ʒƣ֤㿴ҵĲ࣬ж󡣡
Ϊ侳أ侳أҽһҵ㣬ƣȴΪıǮֹ޳ֿܶԸ
ַ˿κŲǰ̤ĳȡ
ĻվǣҲһ
ߣһΣҾ㿴ҲҲκβҷֺκַĻＤŭԭأȴַ㹥
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ַ۾ͻȻϣ˲ޱȰ
κεӶ޷ŵַ㣬ԺӦĻɫ磬ֻ޾ĺ
·һ˲ʧˣûκεټ̨ϣ·һ˲ޱȵİ
ȻڴʱַĽϣһŵĻɫ֮ƣϵųƮţɻɫϢżϢ
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һָ졣
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һϸ΢Żɫ֮Ŀݼ֮һУƷ似һָҲǰ˲ή

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ƣָƣ˲Ƴɣޱȣý޵Ĺ౶ǿޱȡ
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κĶӣ侳ؾ֮ʱ˽ƣ츳ޱȳڡ
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Ȼַ㣬侳ؾ磬ղǿݼŵһöһ˿΢
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˿ַ̣ѪĻɫͫУȴһ˿ŨŨĳЦݡ
ǸһϵĻҵȷᲢ۵ʸĶûУҿɲô޳ܡ
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Ҳܹ˵λӦڵһЩӵѩʥԺҪԭ
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֮дһʱĪаɫȻһ޷ֹĲ

ĪаԶ޷ϴһĻǺڰеӰӣ㡣
ʱ˿̣Ӱӣһӡϡ


0090 ׳
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ǿޱȵñϵ嶼΢ЩٶַۣǸоԼҪɽУ·Լġ
ǱεץסַԼ˿ѾΪеʳ
ޣǿޱȣ൱侳ǿߣһַֿܹ֮ġ

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ʮӰɱؼƷ似ʺӵֻʽӰɱӰɱʮӰɱ
ǿ似ַĿ΢ƺ˵һʽӰɱϿ϶صӰ꣬ȷʵǿ
ϧûܹӰɱɱ֮ʱӰģӰΡ
ʮӰɱǿˣӰʮ֣ҹɱ
ҵ꣬Ϣ䣬֪ǿʮӰɱȻá
ַͷ΢似ҲûʵϵҪκξ˶ǰǣܹ
似ֻһָʵԽǿͬһ似ӳҲԽǿ
ַַϵ似ûҵʮӰɱʺԼ似ˣ㽫ϵ似ȫʯ䵱С
һȥַ֮⣬Ҳû֪طˣЩҲǷţߣ˲⣬Щ似ŵҲ˷ѡ
뵽ַߵһ֮УеҲһʯ䵱С
⣬ŵвõԪʯַȫˡ
Ԫʯ̺ĴԪ侳ǿ߿ֱӴԪʯԪЧʣǳ
ȺöַôŹ
ں嫵Ĺŵת˼Ȧַž֮ǰ綨룬ޱȸߴͷͬޡ
ֻǿ޵ͼ񣬾˸оǿҵĿ֮֮ǿҪǿ֪١
˿ַעžмĽ֮ţ׸ߵĽ֮ŴŹӵϢıպţַ޷ƶֺΧַҲҲκεĻذť
ȴ֮ȻʲôܣҲŵ棬ϧҸ޷򿪡
ַ㰵ҡͷϲûиȾţȻܱԼЩƺȱûд򿪹š
ˣԺлᣬʵǿ˵ԡ
ַһڷƺǧʷû˴򿪹Ƚ֮ţȻҲ׽֮򿪣ʱ棬˷Ѷѡ
񣬸Լʵˡ
侳ؾ磬˵ַԣѾǳǺǿ߷һ飬Ტ۵ʸûС


0093 
ŵУһʯ֮ϣַϥǣΧԪʯϵıģԪɸɾַ۾Ҳֹͣ˼
һ;ָһֱܹͻƾģҪ㹻Ԫ֮⣬ҪľܹϾ磬˳ͻơ
ַоڵԪѾ㹻ͻƵ侳ΪǷȱģֻһѣˣͻҲˮɡ
ŵƺѾ˰ɡ
ַмʱ䣬漴վ˹ŵһۣ̤ųڵķȥ
ַʵ޷նУȻܴǾ뿪ֻܴһڣһͨ
ңַ㿴ͨӦƺȱٳģŵˣһ˳ͨͨڷ롣
ƺڵȱΣʱϣû뵽һΣƺڵȺȴĻᶼûУһ򾡣ɱһգѪɺӡ
ַ˺üʱߵͨľͷ޹⣬ռСվֱַܶʯ顣
ͷϵʯ鶥ַӷ϶ԲµĹ⻪£ַϣżϢ
˵һɽۣʯᾣβ롣
Ȼڷڴ˵أȻȫַ㰵֮˵ϸ˼˴Ǻڷ룬˼඼޾ڴ˵أɽޣӴ󣬾㷢ⶴڣҲ޷Сͨŵ
ο˵˻޷ܽУ˭Ըںڰխͨϼʱȥδ֪֮ء
Ҫַᶯʯ飬֮ʱΧʯͿʼǶڹȥ֮
ַʯ֮ϣͷŹڲԲ£ӿһ˿Ȼ
˵Ĺ¶į
գݳ֮߳ʱ̤裬̽нʱȴδսթѪȷ硣
Ȼǰ;գҲֳֻ棬裬ͱһ
紵ַϵȴǣһ
ʱΧԪͻȻ˳ַ֫ٺַӿȥǳ
ַ㶼ɿ¹⣬顢ʱ·һУ׿һС
ţ
ַ֮붨лعɵ㶡
ɫԪз֮ǰŨ̫ࡣ
ͻˣ
ַ¶һ˿ȻȥƿУû뵽һ붨ȻͻˣžνľͻԵɡ
侳ؾ磬ټҵĸֵƣκĻӦʤѡ
κַһĮ֮ɫμҸӣɱǣƺڵԪס
˭ʱַһ˲תɵͫ͵¡
ʱһӰǰƫƫȴһֲʵĸо
һޱӰɫӡϣַܹĿա
ͯеٻӰһİɫɫҪϧ֮⣬§ϸĵĺǻֲ֮ġ
̫ˡ
ַĿľȻ־㹻㣬Ӱ޷סݣ׿̻Ůӣ䷲Ů
Ҳʵ
ǰŮȴַһִ˲ţǡˡ
ʲôˣô
׵Ůӿ˵ҲȴַʵûпⲢʲôˣʵʵڵˣֻϢ
ҽַ㣬ʲôطô
ַɻʵӦǺڷ룬ԷһŮӣҹȻ֣޷ͨ
ڸղţֱַԷ߽ŷֶԷȻŮӿɲôʵȻ
ַ㣡
Ůһظһַ֣漴һֱס㣬Ȼʲôط
Ҳ֪ôġ
ַʼ磬мΣ⻰˵ԼŰɡ
Ȼˣ뿪ɡŮӵĮ˵
ڶ֪ģҲ֪ô뿪ַЦӹŵͨг֪ڵʲôλá
Ǻڷ𣿡
ַһ
ŮĿַֿһۣȻǷǺڷ붼֪
ǣںڷ븹ء
ַһ㶣ڷ븹أ
Ͽ϶û߹ͨɡ
ַ¶һ˿ЦڷΧʵǿޣڸأ޺УҪȥôס
Ǳ֪Ļ֪᲻ὫַڹŵУַ˳ͨ
ղ˵һֱס
ַͻȻŮ˵ĻĿһסںڷĸأ
ԣҴСĸס
Ůӵ˵ͷ
ûгȥַʵ
ûС
ַ㲻֪˵ʲôˣôһ߳ȥ»ٵĻ°ɣԹźնˮοǰŮǡ
ĸҲһڴˡ
ַа²⣬ʵ⸽û𣿡
ûСŮҡҡͷ
ַ΢΢ͷѹһֱסˣټĺڷ룬һطûҲ
ȥ𣿡
ŮͻȻַʵĿһ顣
Ȼһ׼ȥ
ҪȥʲôҴȥ
ŮٶȿڣַоЩ죬Լȥ
ڷ޵磬ŮȻӦҲвΪ£̫ǿҪ߳ȥ̸ס
Լлħ꣬αװҪ߳ȥһЩ
㲻ţŮӷ·𿴶ַ˼
ȷţڷΣأҪ߳ȥɲô׵ģοԼҲ˵Լûгȥ
ȻûгȥȴԺڷָƣ֪߿Աܿޣ׵߳ڷ롣
Ůģκεĸɫʡ
Ժڷָƣһ֪αܿޣ
ַĿ΢ɵĿƯùֵŮ˵ĻԼȥȷᰲȫܶࡣ
Ըҳȥַʵ
ҴûгȥԼҲȥ߳˺ڷĻҲҪҡŮ˵·ûаķ֮ġ
ĸס
ȥˣ֪ʲôʱܻõ
ַ΢΢Ǻڷĸǿһ˵ȷ߳ȥ
˵ͷַʵʲôʱ
ڡŮɴĻش
ãҪȥƺڷϵ𣿡
ַ˵ͷվ˵
֪ڷΧһУҶ֪˺ڷһ֪
ŮӵĻشôĸɴ࣬ƺûаĻ


0094 ֻ㿴
峿ĲľˮƺڵɽűѾңǳƺڶȥ뿪ġ
ʱһŮƺڵɽŴ̧ͷҫһʱţĿдŵЦ⣬ȴûа硣
ʦãƺˣǴֱʰһڽƺڸ֮鲼ѩ£Ժû˸үˣң˵ڶгǵеϢѪȻز
һУһŻԵŮЦԵ
ңûƺڣҲԷչøЩˣٷԲ֮أû˸ҺǶԿ
ֻҪǼһղƺڣԲ֮أŵ¡
ŮЦЦƺڵһ겻һ꣬㲻𣬸Ҳǳ£ʦֵ츳¶̤ǵĺĵ֮УŵӸǲֵһᣬңʦʮߣǰ;
ŵӵ츳ƺܱȵģǲӵһЩõĹ似ѣһȺˣǴ˴ܵõһЩ似һ̫ࡣ
ʦõĿ佱ĵ⣬Ц޼ɵ
𣿡
ʱһĮһתĿ⣬漴ͿӰ
ǵĿ⣬ȴֱӽеһӰˣֻǽĶǰɫٻӰ
̫ˡ
ֻվǣͷ·ضʧɫһϮɫʥ࣬ʳ˼̻𣬸𺳵ǣ˫գԵߵ
ԼͬӺ΢Щ٣ĿգҲգһֱӰ
䣬֮ˡ
һԵַ㱻ӣɵÿЦҡͷ
Ů˵ԺڷָƣȻĴ˳ַ㾪ǣǳḶ́ûһͷޡ
ַΪڷҲеô£ӵйɿѭģֻǼ֪ѡ
ȻǣƺڲһȺȻĻôᱻ𡣡
ʦÿͬһմĿŮӣɵɫ̫ÿŮӻ̫ࡣ
һԼòţ˿̣ȴԲλĸо̫ˡ
ȻƺһȺΪεŵƺڰ֮ضҿƺڵĵӱϹϾ
ַЦ˵ŲһСţƺڸ𣬾¿Ŀˣƺ˵αϥģһȺСˡ
ǲΪƺЩ̣вٺõĹ似ŵ⹶Ӳдοһ԰ʱƺڵķӱϹϾ
ʱѾʧĮĶַ㣬Ŀв֮⡣
ַһżªļһһŮһʣŮˣӦŵŶԡ
뵽⻪궢ַĿ˸ͣȻһɱš
ţ
ַüͷһз⣬꣬Ȼ¶ɱҪ
ǿʳ磬ûκε֮ģɱˣɱˡ
˵ŵĵӣҪǿƺڵĵ࣬𣿡ַĮĵ
ȻŵӣƺڵķܹᲢ۵ġ
ĻԽԽޱߣҪǰ¶һ
Ǻǣսƺڵһŵӣˣ˵ƺôһΡ
ַЦ⣬·޺
ǺǣƺŷﶼսȣȻʶһҾ㿴ʵжϡ
û뵽ַսɴϲ
һʲôʸ񱣻Ůˣһչ˺
агһ󶶶ͷţŵĳַɱȥ
侳ΪҲɱҡ
ַ㵭Į˵һ̧һʱһ޵ĽڿţǿҵĽҪѹɫҲòҰס
ý轣
ַĮʱѾͣ£ʺһѪۣޱȵĿ־ɫֱͦͦĵ¡
ͬɫ㶼䣬һУƵһУɱʦ֡
ǿ󣬲࣬󵽲ֲ
ַĮĿϣǵȫ¶˿־֮ɫ
ɱַҪõ似𣿡
ַǴһ˿Į·һ˲һˣ졢䡣
ңƺڵĿģ
ƺڱܲҵһЩ似ңǣҲǴĿġ
һæش
Щƺںûнƺϴһգַʵ
ƺںƺ죬ȷƺϴһգǣҲһЩǿ۵Ĺ似©Ҳãҡɫղ˵Ĵ󻰣ֻնˡ
ʲô
ƺڵķϿȣʬЩʬϣҵһЩ֮
䣡
ַͷһʬ壬ȺЩδʬǶŹ
һɿԵĽͻأڿռţޱȷ
ŵһ˽ŲˣɫɷףǿĽ꣬
ԷΪȻ
ַ䣬ŹЩˣǾȻʬⶼҪʲôʴȡ
Щ˻һɪɪ
ֻʱ䣬ϣɱ
ɱ³ռ䶼ɱ֮⡣
ҪԷΪ㲻ɱҡ
Ҿͳȫ㡣
˸˵֮˻䣬ֱӱĨɱ༸һľȻ
ҷϡ༸ҧԼϣԷΪǵ壬Ҳ̱ڵء
飬߰ɡ
ַŮ˵һ飬ȡ֣ΪֶַûС
ΪҪȡ֣ȻˣŮˣַʵ޷ʻݣֻΪ
Ȼֵ֪⣬ʵϾ˵磬һŰֽ
Ϊʲôɱǣ
ͻȻַʵַĿһͣĿ顣
ǿҵ񣬶񡣡
Լӿ˵һӣϣȻһɴİ˼άȴڣֻ۹⿴硣
㿴ҵ񣬲Ժֻ㿴
·뵽ʲôֲһַһȻ
Լףôһ仰öΪ֮տ񣬼ַ㣬Ҳ޷һ˿֮⣬һ˿ܰĸо
ַ㿴飬峺ǻˣκа뷨Ŀ⣬е෴峺Ŀ⣬еĸо


0095 һɱһ
ƺڣϿȣ̨
ʺѪҺضȾ˺ɫѾȥѪɳƬء
ʬ徲ڵ֮ϣΪ⼸䣬ʬ徹Ȼûиá
ֵǣڷϿȵУʬд߶ţѪϢĿռ䣬ûаܻ䣬෴ǵĿⶼ˸Ĺ
ƺڲǴţﶼֻŵӵʬ壬ϣвٵĺö
һŻɫӽӵϵһʬѳĻƼƷ似·±˷֣Ŀ⻹һۡ
˵صҲЩջǶһЩСŵӵܻɢޣƺڱŵϢ̸ϵ˵أͼõһЩô
ʱϿȵϷӰǣĿ⣬ͶϿȡ
Ӱһɴޱˡ
һˣͭɫߣΪ˼ɷ
ˣȻַԼ顣
һ죬ַı̫ҫۣǼſ¶ɱ죬ȻҪСһ㣬˽ӹŵеߴϡ
ϿصʬԼŵɢѪζüͷ΢΢ţɴµһ˿ɫ
ֵطʲôתַʵȴ֣ʱַĿһĶϿȣϣһɱĺŶ
Ⱥʬ嶼Ź
ַ㿴һһʬȻһֱӽʬ߷ɵû
·ǿַɫı仯鱣˳Ĭûٴַ㡣
ַһݣչĴٿ£Ͽнȥ
ϿУڴʬȡȺ·ܵʲôĿ⳯Ͷ漴Ǳ㿴ٿµַ㡣
һ˵ġ
˽ĿջأԼ飬ַӵ
ģǻš
Ǹոսʬ߷ɵ˿ַ㽵䵽ߣĿбַһۣĮĵ
û˻شĻַϣһǿĽͷŶĿ˲̣
Ҫʲô˶ˣѵԶʳɡ
оȵĽ˻һ˵Ⱥַ˼ɡ
ȻҪԶʳΧȺĿ˲ȫ߿Ŀд˿˿ơ
ǿģֻһâ
ʵ޻Ľâȴɱ˵Ľâ
˵ֱ֮ӱַնɱûһķϻ˵жŭ֮ɫ
ʵǿ󣬾ҪЩʬµı
ҶΪͬһĿĶºαĺǷʧȡ
ַ㲻ԶһӰĿ˵
ַһתͭɫ֮£˫ɫͫף˱֮⣬顣
Ų΢΢һַ̤һ磬˲˵֮ǰɱ֮
ĺʧȣ
ȡʬϵıļ̤ʬ壬ʸ˵ʧ⼸֡
Ӱ˵Ŀſŵģ˾־壬Ŀ
Ȼϲʬ壬ôұҲΪһʬ塣
ַһο˵䣬ɱ֮⣬ͭߣ˸о
Ųһ磬ַһǰ𣬽û
ɴ䣬ûκεɡ
ʲôѵҪɱϿȵˣ𣿡
һӰ£Ⱥޱȿ־塣
ס֣ʲôˣַߵߣһ˽Ųˣ
Ҫˡ
شģһ
Ͽ֮У˵ĶȫͣĿǴͭߵӰֳֳһɱһˡ
ʱѾʮˣַһնɱַ֪㡣
УһҪֹɱȥˣֵԼ
˸оΣԽԽ˵Χ׷׵ͷʾͬ
ȫһ𣬺ɱлˡ
Ⱥһ£׼Ըַ㣬ַʵ̫ˣĽǴ˭ɱ˭
ַնɱһˣĿ⳯Ͷʱ⽵٣Щ˴ͭµͫףֻϢϵĿ
ô֣ʵҲһܹԸ
·ǲΧͬ¶˿־֮⣬˳԰ο֪ǲΪ˸Լ׳
ַĽŲǹȵĽ⣬ԽԽǿң˶УϵĴݻǵš
ҲҪʲôˡ
ڣһ˵Ľб׵Ĵݻ٣תӶݶȥָоַǰٶ࣬ɽӲַĽ
֮
ַŲȻһ̤ʱɫ֮ŽâһǿޱȵĽһС
ۡۡۡ
һϸ΢촫Щ׼ֶԸַȺȫĿг˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ͷǿԼĸһ֮ۼޱ
Ϊʲô
Ⱥһĵ£ǶףַǿΪʲôҪɱǡ
ΪǸ
ַֽתĿ֮ȺȫһУ񱼶ӡ
ַʵ̫ǿˣղһʮٸҲ޷ӣǱѡ
ڴ˵ط
ʱϿȵϷһĴ֮漴Ӱ£ٷϿȡ
ʲôˣӰΪ֮һӣΪݣݴżַֽȵ߸ϡ
ŵӣ֣ȴδʯ棬ѱ֮һֱĵηǻˣҪ
Ϊ˵żһǼ飬ʵ츳ҲõϿɣڶ뿪֮󣬸𿴻ƺڡ
ңɲ̫࣬ܵӣص࣬죬ѩʥԺ֮գʱңڻʳǵУΪҫ۵˳ݡ
ڽҴѩʥԺ߳ѩ£ҵǰ;̫ҫۣҺȡ
ƾ豾ǿ츳ҴӸǵһ˾ע˲ƽ
ַ츳£˻Ҫ£Ըǣ޷⣬Ҳûڵˡ
ң뵽ַ㣬ǿµļһͽ׵סֲ̫ˡ
Ȼǳǣַͭµһĺ⡣
簡ͽǣһݣֿʼҫĿˡ
ѩʥԺڼæµûʱƺ֮£еһУڶҸҪЩʬϵıԣѣҪ£СĹ
ǵſ񣬴˵Դϴαַ֮Ҳˣ÷ǳĮ䣬Աǿ֮ʱϥСˣ߸ϣһ


0096 һҹ׷
ǵĻַͷӱ
ǰƺ֮ˣӣŴ
̰ţͶҲˣǣ򲻸ãЩͬڵӣ衣
Ǵˣ޺죿
ǣĽƺڽôһ￴
ĺ֮͸ͭߴݳüͷһĶַ㣺˵˭Ƿ
ǣҲƺŵһˣ㱳ţͬŵӵʬ⵽裬㣬ʲôָʹ
ַ㵭Į˵óͫһĿַ㡣
˭
ΪͭߵԵʣַһЩ仯ټַ𵱳ԣϸ˼ֳȺɷ֮ڳ޷ϳ
棬޳֮վҫǣ㻹һ˿֮߳𡣡
ַһŲһ磬ʱĽ˳һɿԵĽƣš
ܵƵĽƣǵҵĲͫ͵һޱȡ
ַ㣬ַ㣬Ȼ̤ƺڡ
ͷƺųϣԼϹ裬ƴһսַƺڣζû뵽ַ㣬ȻһҪ֪ǵ˿ĴѰַ㣬ҵĻȻɱ⡣
Ϊ϶ַ㲻һƺڣƺڣǸûǿߣֻ³Ǻ侳һؾ֮ˡ
ǿߣȫصʳǣﱸѩʥԺĽǣ֮Ϊͷȴ¡
˵ƺڣַʵԺߡ
һޱǿҵĿ־֮⣬ڳǵͷӣıϣ˲䱻ˮ͸
˭ˡ
ַǵķӦһЦƣԽԽͣԵˣѾɽƸѹ壬սûС
ŹңҲȲѡ
ǵ΢Щ£
Ȳѣ㱳Ϊ˱ȫȲѣôղأŵܵ裬㲻ַôԵЩȥǰ
ַһǿĽ̼ޱҫۡ
Ҫ
ǿ־ڿռƮţѪڿз
һɱˡ
ַԵһǰǸûеֿ֮

˵µ壬ַ³һޱѹ֡
ЩҪʬ͵ȡѾȫ뿪ټֻ̨ʣַ㣬ԼһƬʬ塣
Ŀ⻷ӣַ㿴Щʬ壬ЩŵӰӡԺУ֮ͭµҲԽӵķ͡
ðվٴƺڣΪ˿һۣһʬǣһѪɫ
ҪԼǣѪĳޡ
ҪʱԼߣ裬ǿߣأŭѪǧ
ַ㣬ҪΪһǿߣѪȾ죬Զһ˫˫ڴϣ̫˵ϣЩˣԼҴ档
¡¡¡
ʱ򣬴ͻأĲңԽԽǿң¡¡ľҲԽԽ
Ѫ
ַͫ΢΢һûκεԥβֱϿȱԵȥ
Ӱ
ַȻһݣεضڰ;֮ʱһնʯ֮ϣʱһֱԾϿȡ
ߡ
ܵĲԽԽǿңַͷÿ죬ٶȣ̫ˣ·𼸸Ϳ񱼼֮ء
ַ룬ֱСֿ
одĴУһ˿ַܵĽҲַ㡣
ȻַķӦѾˣϿȵϿգȫƽأûжĵطֻ˲䣬һﱼַĽŲ΢΢һͣ漴ͣ
ֵʿ䲻ף׳񿥣ǳѪ
Ѫ￿ַ˫սƽСҲץýģַȴȻδû뵽ѩﾹȻͻȻ֣ٶ֮Ѹ͡
ѵ֪ڴ˵أ
ַаһ漴㿴һûֹͣ񱼶
ÿ
ϵʿַ̲סһ
һӣòʡüĿĿһˣ·޾º˸С
ӴһɫףԵӢǷעĿǣһͷİ׷˲ɣ֮С
׷ųѪ˲ַԺХδַһۣⲻɵַĿһѵԼŪˣԷַ֪㣿
뵽ַ㷴µת漴㿴Ѫһ˻ϿȵϿշԾ£ġ
硣
ַһ֮⣬Ų̧𣬷ϿȷϿϿյıԵ
ʱֻ׷мվߵ̨ϣ·һܰ㣬Ŀصʬ塣
΢紵İ׷վһֹ¶֮У˵Ĺ¶
ˣ
һ촫ַͷһǰ׷ֱ꣬ӹ̨ϡ

һ뻮һĺһɺ㣬ڿռ졣
漴ֻЩϿȱԵʿȫϥأĿдİˣΪǵĽˡ
⼫һĻַģֵز򸴺⣬Ľ
Ҫܹӵһ֧ӵľӡ
ַԺͻȻһ֣еƺˡ

ַѾܹȷ˶Ȼˣ˭ƺڵӣ˭ܴ˾š
ѹֱÿᵽʱ¶֮ɫĵӣȷֵԺ
ҵ£Ƕɡ
ûнĴֿ󣬷ϸ塢Ȼ󣬵ÿһ˶ܹ
뱣塣
ھʿΪĬ֪ƺڱʳѪеֱ֮֮ȥһҹͷûй˼Լ壬ҹϵƺڡ
ǣԸ
ǣ
ƽĻھʿΣվ
֮ǴӲΥ
ƺڣʦԼŶݣһɾͣȴ뿪ţΪѩЧѾжʮأʮʦ֮Ӳ֮飬ģƺڣȴԵ̳ĳѪ֣֮ǧˡ
˵꣬ƺʬߵףԴ̨ϣһ졣
˶ıѾ֮ƣݽ벻壬ϵ
һʿκȥ
֪л֮ģȴ÷ƷǰҪˣϣӽѩʥԺڸǽڣкжΣţ塣


0097 ѩ»ʳ
ǵԴٶȿ£ײ̨
ھʿȫĿ⽹꣬ȴֶǵĽ޿κΡ
̫壬ΪһͨʿҲɳг棬ο˴Σű
졢أѩ¾ɼͦñֱаʱȴѾߵס
ŸһУţȴҶкĿӵһΪ
˵ţָ߾٣ȺͲ󺰣
һŰţͷϵ裬ھʿĿͨ죬ռһ˲䣬š
ų򡣡
һĮͻأڼžĿռԵøĴ̶뵽˶УȺĿ⣬Ϊ̡֮
ųų£˭ų
Ȼǧˣβһ֮Ҫų
ȺޱȷŭĿע£ַٶȿڣȻȰȥ

һ˲䣬ŭͷţַϣַֻɷ
ѪһǾþɳ֮ѪȾ˫֣ϵɷȫַ֮ʱʱַоһƬʬѪУ˷ɷ̫ǿˣΨѪȾľţŻӵɷ
ַ㼸ѹôޱȵȻվǣ̨ϵ
ˣǵĿģҲﵽǣˣңҲȥηӱܣһ˰ˡ
ַ㻰£ͷŭȴתĿ⣬̧ͷϿ֮ϵַ㡣
ˣŮƣҲܼμңٻҲҪΪˡ
ַĻһֱ࣬Ůƣܼμң
ˣҲƺڶȥ֮ˣҲܹϢΪ֪ǰˣʲôָ
Ļÿһ䶼˵𺳣ϣƣڻķ¡
ûԸʶ䣬ǳȫ˶ǣƷô죬ƺڱ֮ޣ˭
ַ£ڽʿַĿû˷ŭǸмףַǹ÷̼˷ȥԼΪͷ
ַ㣬롣
ַĻȷһÿһΣܴҪ
תǵĽ˵ƺڣϣǰһֱӣҲԭˡ
ַûٿߵһʿԣ˵漴ƮȻȥ
ַߺã۾Ŀ˸ŷɣһϲǵĽˡ
ϿȣĹأƺʬڴˡ
ƽʼ
⣬ӽ𣬷ƺڣûҵκ˲̤㣬ǿ̤ߣɱ⡣
һɱ֮ڿռţھʿȴ¶ϲɫ
ޱ飬Ųһ磬ʱֱԾϿȣĿԶƺҪҵַӰ

ʱһʿŲǰ
£ʵ
ղ֮ǰת潫ƺڣֽϣǰһֱУţԭ˽
һվ
̧ͷͷ죬ޱȼ͵ӣĿоâ˸
ӲФ
¿ͷ֮ʱָֻǹԶĵ·Ųһ磬һӰ
ַ㣡
ûмַ㣬ֻƵ֣ʱ룬ʲôֵ꣬ƺ£ԼҲҪ
ʱЩףһ֮ԵҲַֻ㼸ۣӣƽ֮ˡ
ַƽ˵ǰ
ַƽһʮ꣬Ѫھʿɷѹ̹ȻԣĿɫûа仯
ַƽͲһ仰ƮȻȥˣǻѡϾǵ˶ҪַΨߣȫ
ַûУǱҲȥ֮ѡ뿪˵ıӻ֮³ɳʱӵеߵǬǿ
ַ֪ѩ»Ȼѩ¹ǿ½ȴʲô㣬ѩ¹Ļ֣ʵ
ߣӵзߵǬ֮ˣˣһŭʬһѩ¡
ַ㣬̫Զ·Ҫߡ
ʱַ飬վһʯ֮ϣӰԶĴɽ
߰ɡ¾ʯַС֮ϣܿ
ǲкܶ໰ʣ
ַ㿴飬˵
㲻˵ұ㲻ʡĻشĻôĵĮ·ľᲨַ֪żһЦĻһַ顣
ĸ˵˸еʱ򣬱ֳĬõķʽ
·뵽ʲôֲһ䣬Ŀɴַ㣬·ַеõ֤ĸ׵ĻǷȷġ
˽⣬ȫǴĸ׵Ŀе֪
˵ͷ
ĸ׻˵ʲô𣿡ַʵ磬ǵԽʱԼһ֪Լȴӵļ䣬飬ļ䣬ֻкڷ롣
ĸ׻˵ˣûһǺöشһ
ַĶͷּߣɫŹֵĿ飬⻰Ϥѵĸ׾Ϊ֮ܵ˺ںڷ븹أ
Ǽ˿ҵ񣬵ȷʲôö㡭ƺĸ˵ôɶ񡣡
˼·Щ⣬磬ȷ˺棬ȻҲַ͵͵ܳˡ
ַЦ£ܵһޣȷʵϲ顣
أĸ׻߹ʲô
߹Һܶࡣ˵ͷַ㣬˵Ҳ㡣

ѩ³ǣѩ¹ʳǣޱߣư硣
һǳصУ;סżڣң˿Եӵ
ѩ»ʳǣӵڶɵÿһףܹɰ˲С
Ȼڽգʳǵڶ·ˣЩű֮ˣĵ͵ڵ·ϣǣԼ
ǻʳǣǿһȥϵȺв٣ο
վѩʥԺԺ֮գѩ¹ӵ츳ӵܣǴӸһЩ츳֮ˣ޷ѩʥԺθڡ
ʢ£ȺܲӸظС֮ʮ䣬ˣϣܳΪѩʥԺһԱδпܳΪѩ¹ǿѧԺ
ʱӰڴ֮ϣΪע⣬⼸УһŮӣŻòһɱ˫ʡ
Щ˶ѩʥԺһԱȴ֪ѩʥԺôýģܷܷ츳ѩʥԺֱӿأжܷܷܺȡ
һ˵һ䣬ôŻɫܷǹһĨЦ⡣
˵ڻʳǵУ˴ҲѩʥԺأ֪Ǽ١
ܷԵֺ˵һܷüͷһһΣǻûзֳʤɡ
ݳǵĴȣܷԺвĸһӰǿΪּҷŵӰ
һ죬ˣһľϲȫݳǡ
ݳǵˣûһˣַ֪֮
ңĿ֮£Ϊʣ׾ٵ뿪ݳǣӼǿˡ
ƺѾ𣬻ӦѾ˰ɡ
ܷаһͷмָӵζ


0098 į
ǾƺһСӵǧ໧˼ҡ
С֮ϣһûĹ壬նΣ˵ǻ֮ˣΪ津ŭգң䵽ԶС򣬽û䡣
ȻСȺǲ̫⴫Եģ֮ˣǻʼһף䵽һС϶ա
μҹ壬סСһԺ䵱У˿̣ԺǰͣżǳƺҪԶС
㣬ǳˡ
һʮҵ꣬ߵһŮǰһ
Ůӵ۾΢Щ죬·Ǹտ޹㣬ĿԶƺڵķ¶һ˿ĸˡ
ζû뵽뿪ŵǼУƺڣȻ֣֮һռ䣬ţˣˣȫˡ

ŮĺǿЦ£΢΢ͷүϳɣͳ
㣬̫ˣȵ˻ʳǣûӸһλſ
Ůҡҡͷһ˿Цݡ
үҶڵأǿ߰ɡ
á˵ͷڻȥ
ܿүһɣ潻Ǿˡ
һ껤ˬ˵ܿĿдһ˿佥ܿԽԽˣμҵ껤뷨
ԣܿϢˣǺϡһҲǰЦ˵
㣬˵Ķԣ꽫ܿ˿ĳܿ˵ֻҴСŮͬܡ
ܿҲûþܾİɫĻС
ͬʱַˣҲϡ
ҪҲҲһַܵСĻɵÿЦ£еĿѩ¹ĻʳǣңԶеĻȻ̫ʵ
ַΪɽִ̫٣ǣƥ
𣿡
ָָԶ򣬵˵һַ̧ͷǷȥɵһֻͣü߶
Ȼɡ
΢΢һЦַ첽ǰߵǰ⼸
ʲôˣÿһַ㾹סɵŭһ
ѣֻһʣ࣬ɷһãԸؽл
ַЦЦ
Ļ֮ڣܿϤ£漴͸͸ĻַܿӰвɵһ˿ϲЦݡ
ǸˣԺҪã㡣
Ͽַ㣬Ӧ
ǣ˭ϡؽ𡣡ĺȵַüͷ΢壬˵ǣα
ַ㡣
žϲĻдܿŲϵЦݸĲãûƺڱţַ㾹Ȼš
ܿ
ַĿҲ΢΢̣߳ӰͬõЦ⣬š
ܿʲôˣ
ʱַ̤ǰ֮ϣ߰Įĸַ㡣
ַ㣬Ļţŵ׷ʲôˡܿ·𲻸ţ첽ߵַߣֱӽӵˣúӵӵĮ
ַܿĻ΢Щ֣žܿ㲻֪
֪ŴȵڶֵǼ죬ү֪ͨҪǰʳǣȻҪУɽˣصҪǸǣȴȴܿдѪ˿޷˵ȥһĻΪجΣ֮ȥ
ԭˡַΪܿ˶еңûţ򡭡
ܿǣ
ʱĹܼʵ
ַ㣬ƺڵӡ
ַܿ㣬ܵ
ַ΢΢ͷ
ߣŶˣȻţҲ֪ôġַܿ飬΢䣬˵þܿü
ɽʲô˼
ܿĮĿ˺һۣŭ
ʲô˼ЩסɽһмĿַ㡣
ܿƺŵӣȻַ죬ȻҲŵӣ಻ؾؾ磬侳۷ΪȻںַ㡣
ңƺűַ㾹Ȼţ˵ǹ͵֮
ַ㰵ҡͷȥɽмᡣ
ܿҪȥʳǣ
ܿͷ
ãҲȥʳǣǷһͬС
İȥүӦû⡣ַܿҲȥʳǣһϲ
ܿƺ̫ðɡ
ĮĿ˵
ַҲƺڵӣʵܲлԳ䵱ǵĻ
ԣҿԵǵĻַͷ
Ŷˣʵж಻ǲҪ
ɽķ̡
ܿǴеĿӦ̫ʣһû⡣˼˵ǱõģûĻҲõϣַǡ
ַ棬ˡ
ûϵһɡ
ʱҲ£ַǰЦŵҽжη⡣
ַ㡣΢΢ͷַЦԷǺԼг
үη⣬Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴηϵҺ;ܿڳҲûʲôַԺһ˵˵
үôУɽη⾹Ҫַ;ܿʱЩˣ껤Ҳǰֹ
үôܺһµ֮һ𡣡
һС۾겻ͬĵ
ʲôģˣҪ˵ˣ˵ԾͿԡ
ηȻ˵ַ㣺ַ磬һɡ
ȵȣһһѡ
ַתֻ黹վԭأɵúһ顣
ַļ́Ųĳվַ
ޱλõˣЩ껤ȫסˣɴڵסݣܹܵ־޵ɴ֮µݸǳ޵㽡
Ů
ղûע飬ʱߣҲ̲סͷһ
ܿѾˣʱǰȴԵЩʧɫ飬ֻǹʣĳ
ܿʱҲע⵽飬վַ󣬾ܿвɵһ˿ӵɫ
λƯַ磬Ȼѣһ˵ɡ
ηǳ˵
ԣַ㣬һɡ
ܿ˵ͷҲЦ¡
ɡַ˵һ漴һ̤Ļ֮
ɽ껤Ӱѽܾ׵ȥˡ
СӣһҪÿƺڵӣߣ
뵽ַ㾹Ȼõλɽвɵһ˿ʡ


0099 һѧԺ
ƥǧѩţٶѸݣڴϱš
ڣη;ܿһַ࣬ԼǵĶλá
ַ㣬ôʶİ
ܿĿʱ飬ȴʼһ飬ûаĲǽеı飬ȴһŮ˶оޡ
ܿûַôģΪ˵ַʹűŵ£ַȴúõģ㾲ܿҲõһȥˡ
Ȼַܿ㣬෴ܸˣֻҪַţͺˣλģѾҪˡ
ɽʶġ
ַ˵ûеõɣҲö˵
Ŷô뵽ȥʳǣܿʵ
ʳǣǿѩ¹ĺ֮ء
Ϊкܶڻʳǡ
ַ˵һ侲ܿ޷Ļ
أܿΪʲôȥʳǣַҲһ˵Ż˾ܿԵĶηһۣܿ˵ηǱ֪ͨȥʳǵģôȻǻʳҪηȥңܹǧöηĸԸĸ·һǳˡ
ܿԵĶηһֻۣηЦŵַ磬ܿȥΪһλҪȥʳǣһѧԺ
ѧԺַһ˿ɫʵѩʥԺ
ǡַϣηҡҡͷȥһѧԺ
һѧԺַ¶һ˿ɻɫû˵һѧԺ
ԣһѧԺηͷһѧԺ֪ҴӲյӣֻڲƼ֣ӵƼƼҽһѧԺ
ֻƼˣַоЩ֣ѧԺʵҲŵһ֣Щͬ
ţƺյΪšԼĵӣȻųϡųϣȼǳɭϣȫԼŬΪܲϽܵӣֱΪϣƽơ
ѧԺֻǱ츳ĺ󱲣ṩõԴʦ̵ǣǳΪһǿߡ
ǰѩ¹ûѧԺǴѩ£ѧԺɷǳ٣ûʲô޷Ტۡ
˴Σѩ¹£츳ǱӵܣѩʥԺȻһǿѧԺԽŵѧԺ
ַ磬ƺڵĵӣʵӦú;ܿɣʱҺ˵һ˵ܲҲƼһѧԺ
ηЦϣȻ䲻󣬵ȴѾ˼ֳʣûаļӣǼޱȡ
ԣַ㣬ҲһѧԺɡ
ܿ۾һƺڱţַһѧԺӦò㱳ţַ츳ܿûȥǡ
ڵһֵŴȣܿۿַſһɱŵƣ̤ţʵǳǿ
ַЦЦûлӦȻ𣬵ƺ

ۣԶСϦϼҫŴأĻ֮Уַ㾲ܿԼηţ飬Ȼ۾·˯˰㣬ǳ
ϵַļϣô䣬Ů˾˵
һĻܿһ˿ɫ
˯ŵ۾ͻȻعͷַ㽫·ļϣĿ˸һ˿ֵĸоûо֡
¡¡ͻأģ΢΢Ų֮С
һʱͣǹɵĲȴԽԽǿҡ
ô£ηһ
ү治Ҫȥǽ档
һ漴һǰȥ档

Ƭ̺һҽڵļ¡
˵һֿɢš
ȥ
ηüͷһ漴ַ;ܿҲ󣬵ûиȥС
ʱڶ治ԶʮųһУĿ͸ŲƵɫ
ȥ
һ껤һ򣬲ǰУߡ
λǡ
Ҫ˵ȴһԾ꣬еĳȻն¡
ɫ󾪣еĳǹ𣬴Ǳ󵶡
Ҳͬʱһתһ죬ͷ­ֱӷѪȪˮΪѪȡ
ܿһѪȵһĻоŻϿпǸɫ˲ɷס
˵˽и˵ҿŮľͲ
еĳָܿʱЩȫ޼ɵĿЦ
ԣŮ˵˵
˵þܿɫӲ԰ףЩ˵Ի巢
ܿɡַžܿ˵漴žܿ
СӣȻҽ椲
һַŭĿӡ
ǣһҪɱһ椾Ǵ֡
ɵĺ¡
ɽַĺȵŭĿӡ
ַĿһĮĿɽɵĺ£ƺֻþܿȥɡ
Լǵĺȣǿɲ㡣
ɽĿޱ飬ѵַ㣬ƺڵĵӣҪƺڳʲôĵӡ
òܡ
ַ㵭Į˵ŲЩȥ
̸̸ɡ
ַվǰԶĮ

һڣַڿз裬źХ硣
⻪˸ַĪĳһ
Ѫ
죬µĿ죬ַİνѾɣһνĶǰν֮ʹýν㣬һһ
һôܽӵס˿һ
һ˵ɡ
ַĮղŶԷ˵ĻƣӰЩһĬˡ
һַѾסǡ
ɽüͷ壬ûΪַɱеˣ΢䣬ַʵǿܲˬ
ңַʵжǿֻ֪һܿ졣
ѣ޹أɷҪܡ
ѹַͣ˵ַ΢΢һ㶡
Ŀ˸£ַкɣȴǸղŲ˵š
ߣȻˣǱǲˡ
ɫҲ˻ֵɱ
һ䣬Щһ뱼ַ㣬֮ΧˣٶȾһ죬·þѵ㡣
ɱ
߾٣һѪȵɱ֮ǿңַֻɷָ֣оƣѹ֣ϴαѪΧסʱмƣȴԶûôǿҡ
ɱ
һ֮𣬳΢Ĳĺâ
Щͬʱɱַ㡣
ַż㣬һԾϵͬߡ
֮
֮⻪һǿĽŶЩɱֻ屻һĽ֣ͷ
漴ĽһѤĻߣһţңЩ壬һȥˤ¡
һȫɱ


0100 
лѪɱ֮ޱ˵ĿȫĿһĻΨЩ֮ұڡ
쿴Ŵϵһ߾ʬ壬ǰԵһ̫ǿˣԣҲҪ
侳硣ɽ껤Ҳַһסˣǿܹǵģѹ־϶ڲͬ
ɽϳ˿˿亹ǰַ㣬ַԸЩһԸǡ
ǰĿ˸ַıӰ
ѣǷ̫˵㡣
Ŀַ㣬гһ˿η֮⣬˿˿ŭ
ɱ˵ʱ򣬴Ų뵽Լ̫ݰɡ
ַĮЩ˾ɱ֮ʱɥĲնϱͷ­ȴ˷ޱȣ·ɱһȤΨɱ֮ʱȴ̫ݡ
Ųһ磬һɽ֮⾳죬öԷӲ
ѣһߣ̫ˣ⵽֮֡
вַ㡣
һߣ㣬Ѿҵĵߡ
ַŲһš
ĿһҧҧеĳɱһŰĵӵͷŶͰԵ
侳
ɽ˵Ŀסһ죬Ȼ侳ǿߣַ㣬ǣ޷Ըˡ
ַһһ㣬ǹɿ͵ĵ·𱻴Ҫ˲ɢַĽǰʵ޻һûҫ۵ĺ⣬ȴо⡢ƣȫʵһУš
͡
һ죬ûκĴʺƻʵһʵ磬衣
һ־磬֮磬ַ΢֮ԽԽ졣
侳ǿߣȻסһ
Ⱥͷ𾪣ַʵס̫ǿˣѾõ侳ǿߣȻ׵ıֱַɱˡ
ûпʬһַۣعȺȥ
ַ磬ʵǿ
ηַЦĿдһ˿֮⡣
ֲǴ߳ĵӣܹЩܹȵġ
ɽǰάһһֱ̬
һ˵ʵǿһʱܻἵʣǿֻ̫࣬η߾ηˡ
һ߳ĵӣж
ַ㵭Į˵к˿˿ζ
ַΪԼʲôˣûչ¶ʵʱɽ裬˸ˣַûжһΪмΪϺͶη⣬Ͼǿ͡
¶ʵɽһеĻôַ㲻м
ַĻɽɫһʱҲҶŭŭʸûУַǰ侳˲Ĩɱʲôַһŭν
ɽ£а㲻
ַ磬ȥɡ
η⿪ַ㣬׼
ү
ʱǰöη£ɻĵôˣ
үʺַһͬðɡ
ͻȻ˵˶¡
ȻҪַߣǺ⣿һ侳ʵǿߣǸܱǵİȫ
ַԼҲüͷһ壬׶Է⡣
ﻰҺַദãַͬУҵˡηͬ⡣
үնڻС˽⡣
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣ
ַɣѡһҪԣǶĴл㿴Σ
ַ㣬
ַüͷһ壬ղǻǺ⣿
նʲô
αضʣױǡҡҡͷ
Ҳףͷָ㡣
ȻҪ˵ұ˵ˣĪ֡
£ַЩһʵҪٻɱЩˣ׾٣Ϊγ֮ȴֱӶ̸֣ȴҲֻɱˣֱȥ
Щ
ַĪ
Ҳ˵£ϧЩַȫɱˣһڶû¡
ǿ˵
һڶû£
˿̵ַ˼ɵĮĶ˼˵ҺЩһģɱڣ
ղ죬˵˼ĻǶû
ûֱӻشַĻ˵ַĿһҲɻǾĻ
Ϊͼʲô
ַЦʵ
ǣˣ˵ַ粻ˣǣַʵʲôֵַͼıġ
һԵĶηҲȥˣڵ
ү㻹Се֮ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
үô˵ɣӦ֪ȥʳǵˣҲ֣Ǻˡ
ҵȻ֪ηͷ
ȻˣүǷ֪֣ĸӹϵ
η΢΢һ㶣ôǣˡ
֪мλ֣ǲηӦһ
үȻ֪룬ƺڣǱ𣬶ַȴⳡŸлңɺϵĳǣүѵƺ̫𣿡
Ļַԣ˼ԼţΪ£ȻҲŷŹ⽫ǲӴη⣿
̫ˣַҪɱǶ׾١
ȷүˣΪҪȥʳǣַɺϵĳ֣ȻɱǣǷַܵĶݡ
ˡ
ַ㵭Į𣬽Ļ˼ԣҪߣ˵ٶķϻĿĶһα˷ѿࡣ
Ļַ飬ߡ
΢΢ͷ
ַ㣬ȰȰϼ
ַ磬ϣ㡣η
ˣַûôաַɨһۣŶη;ϵǻʳټ
˵ַ꣬ȥ
ַҲᣬҸղ˵Ļѡ
˵
ãл
ַûᣬͷҲأƤûô񣬱˶ˣܻöԷ
ɱ˼ﻹмƥá
𣿡ַʵ
ᡣҡҡͷ
Ҫң룬鿴ַ
ҽ㣿ַһ㶣ЩĿ飺һƥ
۾ַ㣬ַһЦ
ֻƬ̣˼ĵ˵ͷ˵á
£ַ۾һ


0101 Űɱ
ߵĴ֮ϣۣڱ֮ϣӰһһŮٿʣŮɴ棬ǳĶ
Ȼַˣңˣϳһ
ַȴⲻƥٶ죬ľ粻ϴַϣĳƮɶ졣
ҵַ壬·ʱܱ紵£Ϊ˿̵Ȼվƥ֮ϣӭ磬Ψ֣ļͷַԸеһ˿ο
ʵ侳磬ܹסΣ´ʱѾˤȥ˰ɡ
ַ㱾ΪӺڷ߳鲻ͨ£ƭǾڵĽȻ鲻磬˿Ƿǳ
ʱȵڿ֮ϵعͷ漴ͿַûбɴڵסУһ˿Цݡ
ȻЦݺܵ¶ȴ·ضʧȥɫʣһЦȻ
Ǹ
ַͷֹһڼ֮ǰ侹ȻŮˣһһЦǡ
𣿡ֵָֻĮ·ûκεܹв
롣ַǸɴĵ˵ͷ¶ĸɾĿһ꣬Ϊӣʱַ㣬ıԡ
ϧ̫ǣǿߵĵ·ıȷѪ꣬Ǵӵıԣֻĳ䡣
ַˣ֮ˣ˭ˣпʵȣĥıԡ
ҽһɣܹĶһԿһ¡
Ŀ˸ҪЮַ㣬ַ㲻ݸ
磿
ַȻ˼βпʵϾ䲻ãҪ򶯷·𲻽κ¹ϵ飬̸ס
ڴʱַͷһЦҺ㽲һҼĹ°ɡ
á΢΢ͷ
Ǽ磬йһͷǧޣǿ󣬼Ϊ֣ꡭ
ַƮ죬ǰľ䰮£ּ˾½һЩԪأ渵ӰɡɽףӢ̨ףϽŮ޳ǣһĲද˵ľ䰮飬Ļг֡
ַ壬ûе鿪ڣ;Լ
Ե飬ȴ·ͽˣַ˫Ĵļͷµıһǵ嶼ᰤһ顣
ˡַֽһ½꣬ͣ
ֻعͷԴַף಻ߡ
ǽߵַ㾹һֳ嶯Ҫĳ嶯飬ʵ̫ˡ
ҵĻᶨ
ַͷ̾һ飬޷Լıֲֹˮ
ַԼҪʵ̫ߣŮӣм˭ڽʱ򱣳һŵȻģʥˣһַܹ㣬Ȼûе־硣
ҲһĨɫ漴Դַ˵ˣ
ַ˵ͷ
Ÿʲôû˵¡鵭Į΢һ˿ζ

ַһ㶣漴˵Ҽ
ŶȻĮԴתȥû˵

ַ죬һʱŮˡúݣҪһֱȥ
¡¡
ڴʱ洫˿˿У
ַĿ΢Զȥǹ֮ҲԽԽ졣
ʱһַߵУŹ̳ӭ
ߵ·һԣܻҳѾߣΪֻ֮ǿַһۣûᣬХȥ

ַüͷһ壬¶һ˿ɵɫѵأ۳ڴ֮ϣɾȻûаңңһ͡
ңǵϴһƣ·ַ㶼оõһɷǳǿҡ
ǣϴŵģȻΪңڣͷ˸ղǹ
ôоǺ͸ղȺ˺񡣡
Ҳͬüͷ΢壬˵һ
ַֻĿ˸Ƕüͷ·һԺɿת
Ƭַ֮һ֮â·ʲô㡣
Ǳͬһˡ
ַɫдһĨ⣬ڵ飬ǻȥҪ졣
á
ûжʲôֱӵתͷ˫һ˻·񱼶ȥ

μҵٵǰţֹڵ֮һĺۼ
ʳǾ̫Զ˶μһ˵ٶȺܿ죬·;е̫ʱ䡣
ͣ
ϻ˻֣ʱͣ
ڶμңȻʵΪڶηүү֮ʱ͸ˣ˶˷ǳ𾴣ڶηĸ֮󣬶μҵһжڶμңλǳߡ
ԣϸҲ˶ηķԼҪַ뿪˶η;⣬Ҳûʲô顣
ʱĿ⿴Զڿоһɫķ籩
ҲоˣɵͷһĿĶԶ
ûйãһӰͳǵߵУ˵ͫ׶΢΢һ
Ȼ
ǵƺҲ̫˰ɣ
ϣȺҪ͸ղȺһǿźá
ȺղЩʵǳǿ죬侳ǿߣַڣ˵Ѿɱˡ
뵽ַ㣬ͷһ˵ַǼϸˣַ㲻ˣֳ֣Ҳֲ˭˭ǡ
Կ϶ǣǴʱϣַ㻹ģǼϸҲΪȡүΣᱣǣǶ֪ȺĿġ
΢΢һ߾٣䡣
ɱһ
Ļͻֻоһ̹ǡ
䣡
涼ʼųųȥһɷ˶ס
ү
Ϻһʱ껤ڳӵǰ棬ͷŸԵꡣ
ɱ
һȣâ˸˲Ѫ˵ͷ­ֱ˿С
ȵһȫ֮ͨʱѪٲȻȪ㣬˵ѪǱͷ­ľС
̵һĻÿռ˲ͰЩеĵϣѪڵš
ֻһγӣʮ˱˲նɱǷǳ̵Űɱ
ȺҵĲţޱߵĿ־岻ϵϮǵģȸղǹɻҪǿܶ࣬ǣǺ޻֮ΨбŰɱ
ѵҲҪЩȥһͷ­
ַ㣡
ŵȺͬһʱǷŵӰ
ϧַѾϸߣɺޣǾȻû


0102 ¶
η;ϴʱҲǰһĻҪŻ³
̫ˡ̫ѪˣЩݽ档
ϣ㲻˵ַǼ֮ͽأҪɱǣɱǡ
ɽԼͬһµ䣬״񣬶Ϻ
ַǼҲԸ⣬ϸַ㣬ȴǾ·
ң㲻Ҳ˵Ƿ𣿡
ĻӦɽһĿ
ûиߡɽŭĿӣްᣬӵдǰ̣ôܾô
ڵΣѾ벻⣬Ǳɡ
˵Щܹ𣿡
ϵһ˿ŨŨĲмɽΪķŭˡ
ɱ
Щɲɽ߾٣㱼ڣ˸䣬һ߾ߵ
ʱټĳӣֻʣ˼ˡ
ɽŭһ˳ȥҪӶݣ
ɽס·ǰ֮ʱĨ⣬ͬʱţոɽ
ǵʲôˣΪʲôҪɱҡ
ηǰһ죬һ˿֮ݳ˾ǿɫ
ү㲻ôӦǰʳǵİ
һԵ̾һޱԹ
֪֪㶼Ҫαôࡣ
ƽ˵η⣬ڿһˡ
ɱ˰ɡ
һзʱ˺ᵶɱͷš
Ͻ㣬ˡ
ηдһɱϢ⻰ϵҡͷϣȴа̾û뵽ƺһ٣޷ȥһע
ڴʱһǺǿҵԶȺоһ΢С
ס֡
һĺݣֻԶǷɱĿԽԽ
ŵӰη;Ŀһ͡
ַ磬㡣
η˸û뵽ʱַ㾹Ȼˡ
Ҳعͷ򼲳۶ַ㣬Ҳڻɱη⡣
Ƭ̣ѾֱӾߣηǰ
һԾַĿɨһ۵ŵͷʬĿ䡣
Ⱥò̵ֶΡ
ַ硣ηַ㺰һĿдŨŨĸмַǱߵģ˿ַ̣ȴðΣոϻǡ
ĵ˵ͷǶԶηĻӦַĿ⣬ĶЩ
ΪˣȴٰɱԼǣо𣿡
ַĮĿڣԵĶηһ㶣ˣ
һ˿ɫַΪ˵Ǿˣ
ļɣᶮ𣿡
ַĮĿһۣһĬԣվԼλãµＫΪ
ɢ֮ں֮ڣ˵ңϣַܵһѪһɷֻûǰǿҶѡ
ղһαװñˡ
ַ㲹һ
˵ղȺǱɱˣ
콣üһ˵ĺâ͸Ŀַ㡣
ǣҲɱǣҪɱȺ
ԲѣȻܻҾͳȫ㡣ߵɱ
ǡ
Ҫɱη˳ַ㱼ȥˮ
ַĿ侲ȵ̤֮ʱŽŲ΢磬ֶˡ
ν
Ѹޱȵһֱӻƿռ䣬նѪߣǱַӿ
侳硣һ˿ɫ漴ĵѹô񣬶һɱ˸ղȺˣԭʵΪƾʵֻܹܸ㣬㣬̫֪
£ϣһ¶ǿޱȣֱַѹȹȥ
ҵʵ侳أ侳һؾڵǰֻΪ꣬ҵң侳ؾǿߣܹͬ׵Ļɱ㣬Ϊҽտ꣬ȥֻҪܵҲ¡
쾹˰֮ģļַ㣬Ȼ˵ɣȴǲòϣַܹ侳ǱޣԶܱȵģ뽫ַ£ԺΪе
Ȼʵвҿ㵱ҵңֻҪңܻԻڴ
ĻַǹһĨЦ
ˡ
ַӦһ
üҿ侳ؾˣ㲻ֱɱ㣿
侳أǿô
ַǴһ˿ɫʣϣһȵͻȻġ
侳һأ
ԣ侳أǿ
ַܵƼﵽ侳صƣȺ΢΢һоޱȣܴﵽ侳صʵѡ
ַ츳ֲ
ǵľȲûг̫ãΪַƣ
ţüַƻڱǿѵﵽ侳ص۷岻ɡ
ܿ죬𾪵Ŀע£ַϵƣȻ侳ص۷塣
ÿµ츳
Ⱥֻоַܴ츳ǿ̫ˡ
ȵȣϵƣô
ͷͲһ˿ŵɫѵ
䣡
ȺԺһַͷŵƣͻ侳۷壬һٵ侳أֹͣ
η;ϵԲ˵ͷҲҵĲš
ʮң侳أ츳Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ӣһҪ£
һݣַȷʵǴе֮ϲǽƼȥ϶ܵõĽ
ҳʵ츳ֻƾ侳صΪֻһ㶼ԶԶοǻ˶ˣҪɱ㣬׾١ʩ෴Ըңһȱҵĸ֣ȻƼȥʱǰ;
⣬ʲôҪĻֻҪܴӦģҶ㡣
ô㵹ͦŵġ
ַһЦŲʱһޱĽſޱǿ
һ̣˶оԼ׹޾Уʱܱ˺ѡ
ơ캧Ȼɫ΢Ĳ
أôַһЦŲһ磬ǹƣǿ
ַʵÿ£ɽУҸоʱܱ˺ѡ
η૵һԵľΪȻĵ˵ͷҲַ֪㾹ȻôǿˣŵʵҪǿ౶
ַӰĿⲻͣ˸ţҲ֪Щʲô
ַ֮ɫѿ˽ƣɱַ㱾ʵͺǿټɽƣ㹻вˣܱҪǿ뵽ղԼ˵ĿԣֻоЩЦ


0103 ޳
ϧˣţô쿴ַ㣬΢΢ҡͷ
ַ䣬ӵнƣҲ̫ǿ󣬶ǣ˫ֶȾѪģɷһţġ
һ˲УǾȫϣַ㣬ɡ
ģˡ
ַ˵ղűģӵгԽ侳صʵԷͷųԼƣ侳ضѡ
ַ侳صʱ򣬾͸侳صĶκԿ˿·磬ʵǿںЩˡ
㵹Ǻţһ㣬Ƕô԰ס
Ȼƽо𣬶ʱȫ𳤵һȵɷ͵˳
мַ㣬͸о˿Լʬ۵ս֮У鶼Ϊ֮һαװʿȸղȺǿˡ
ɱ
һ㱼ڣ̳ǹǿĽƣǾû˿η壬Ψɱ
˸̹ǣһɵ֮ɷַѹȶ
ȻˣͶɡ
ַ㲻û˿Ļң۾ϣͷţƬɫ磬Ժг֡
ÿһαܣÿһεĻ裬˵
е֮ϣɫϢƣһϢʼ
նȺͬʱַߣ˸նַ㡣
ַ壬΢΢һԾơ죬
֮
ַеҲڶˣڿлһĻߣַΪģϢĻɫնɱԵ޵С
۶ϣЩַȺȫһ⣬ǵϣһĽۡ
ң˻ϣĿǰһĻͷȻ嶼
̫ˣ
в£ȫڿз裬Ȼصˤڵأû˰Ϣһȫ
ǿżģʱҡֻһĿ־壬ǡ
ˡ
һͿַĽŲǰ̤ŵֻһɺ⣬ӭ
ǶôĮһ˫ͫװ
ղţַ㣬Ŀɾ峺ȻĮŭһ˿ĲɣȻʱַ㣬Ŀ䡢飬䲻ף˫ͫף޾ԨҪ˶ٽȥ
ʱﻹɱַ֮ģΨжĿ־塣
µ˻һ쾹ܲˣֱӵתͷҪӶ뿪һֵܹġ
ߣ
ַһЦŲһ磬Ӱ˲ǰס
֮Ľ˸ֱնϣҪ˶Է
սֵܵУսսˣֻܱһĨɱ
ַͫ׻ָ΢΢תŶηȥ
ַ硣
ηĿ˸ţַ˿˿м𾴣̫ǿˣҲַʵҲŴΣˡ
ʱҲˣַ΢΢һЦ˵ַǰеҪϡ
ַתϣĿĮ
㣬Ҫװʲôʱ򣿡ַ³һʱĿ΢΢һ
η;Ҳ㶣ַ˵ʲô
ַ˻
΢ЩƽĶַ㡣
ʵǾˣ𣿡
ԣһǾˡ
η˵ͷʲôϵ𣿡
η⣬㻹ǵ˵ҺǰĻ𣿡
Ҽǵáηͷ
ʵӦòǿɣô۲ñǶҪϸôһССϸڶ׽ˡ
ڶμҵ˼ʮĹܼңĹ˴θүİΣҵȻҪϸ۲ÿһϸڣַ֪ͷгɼαˡ
㣿ַЦҿûĻ
˵Ļǣ޹أ뿪룬ֱηģû˷԰ɡ
Ȼϵͷ˭֪
ȻˣҾˣһȫɱûһڣڶô֪ηûģ෴ֱ
ַĻüĿ΢ûڶȻб֪ηû
ǼȻ֪˵˱ţмϸ֪Ϊأ
ַЦҪνƱ硣
Ҳ˵˱ţˣǵǰ棬ȻˣҪ˵ţǺǡ
˵Ц˼ȴס
Ц𣿡
ַ㿴ϵЦ⣬Į˵һη;ҲֵĿϣϵЦһ͡
ֻҪӵˣͲ˵ַֻдŨŨĳȺȻһˣҺͬ࣬Ȼ֪ҵʵΣӲҪ˵ɱڣһȺɱˣôڶȺأѵΪ˶ɵӣߣΪԼж
ϵɫӲĻȷȫϳַҪʩڶη⣬ѵԷɵӣԶɱ
㲻㣬Ρ
ΣַЦ㲻˵ǶηԼɱԼɣ
оϣһֱͶηУ룬Ӧûͨ籨ŵĻɣˣҲˣȫˣΨϣȴúúõģңһֱǳƽΪ֪һС
η;ַĻĿһͣһ뿴ַ㡣
ַ磬ҶμҺܶ꣬СҳϣܺңҲɺҲ˵
ηɲţϣӸүүһֱڡ
η⣬ԸΣַͻȻʵ
º͡ơηص
º͡ƣη⣬㣬Ҽ֮ϲû̫ǿҷͬԣɱЩ̬֮ȴ仯˵ĴҪ뿪ϧôң㲻оô
ַ㵭һöηɫһȷܷƽʱˡ
ƾĲ²⣬˶μҼʮˣүĻԸһַҪɱҲ׾٣֮͵ʱ˷Ѵࡣ
䵭˵һ۾һģöη⼫Ϊѡ
üթͷַ㶢ϣһʱֶȡͬ顣
ַô֣ͷһַɱ˾ǣʵǿҲû˸˵ɱĲԡ
ͱˣַĿһϵĻ·ϣҪƾʵϡ
ַ磬⡭
ηԽԽΪѣַ㣬Ǻ𾴵ģʵǿ츳ãѾΣϣСչˡĳ
ûʲô֤ݣ㲻ңҲ޿κΣǲǼ֮Ҳ޹أֻһھϣǸߣǼ
ַ㲻磬ͶηҲֻǽղʶȻöηΪ˲ԼַҲûҪһֱѣȻԸô¾ϵġ
ַһֱ㣬̫۸ˣͷһͼϴߣδ̫ˡ
Ͼֽ˵·Ǳַܵί
졣ַһĿɨһۣɫһ١
ááַ㣬ˡŭ
˵𣿡ʱһĮַ㼸˶£˵֮ˣȻһֱĬ顣
鿴ϣ¶ɫ˵ΪԼ뿪˼ȴôҪԼɵĻ»ֱ׳ַ㡣


0104 Ѫ
ַĿ飬û뵽Ὺڡ
Ҳ£漴ŭĵһģαغѪˣʵǿɱɱαôɡ
ôַ㱾侲ȴɱ޳֮òᡣ
ߣͷҳΣߵ
ģҪҲ㹻ɡ
ֿ˵ַ㣬ѲϣһʲôƷ棬װһص壬ɢǿעĻԶܹоõ
ţַĿ΢һۣ漴ϵϣ˵ĻôȻоֶͨνϢݳȥġ
ϵɫ΢΢һ䣬ϸ΢ɲࡣ
ǺǣҵҪһѡַ㶢ϣЦ
ҪɱɱαңͷȻʵãҲܴ衣Դǵĵ
㲻ҪֶΣַֻѲޱȵƽƽǿҵš
ַ㿴壬΢΢һЦѲҵ㣬ô
˵ַ꣬΢ߣֱӽסϿǡ
ϵϻţƬַ̣жһɫСӣ֮⿪һ˵΢СƿӳַС
㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ŵϣַ¶һ˿Ϸ֮ɫ
η;ϵĿҲסĶϣҪһ͡
үҴ֮ʱһֱү׷㸸ףֱڣ׷㣬С㳤󣬴˷⣬ү
Ŀ⿴Ŷη⣬˵
ҵȻǵãǡΪʲô
η鴤ţʵϣܷϣҵ͵ɣϧûС
ȻүǵãҲ˵ʲôүҪҪ
ϵĻηľһζҡ
ַ㣬ϵĺȴԽԽ䣬Ҫ޳ܣʱװȻ
Һ飬ƾ輸ĻͰЩĨַ㵭Ŀ˵ͷ΢
ַ±޹أαˡҲࡣ
޹أַ㳤ϻһ䡣
ղŲԴǣ˵Ҫһ𣬴˿̣֤ȷ䣬Ϊȴֲֻ֣ǣʲôˣϷˣ
Ϸ·оַϵɱ⣬΢Ĳš
үϽϣ˶ηϡ
ˣη⿪ڷŹ㣬ҲҪɱ㣬㣬ЩһȥΰϢǵ˭
ַ㻰£ӳһѪڿзĺ޳֮ܲɱ

ηⳤ³һĿһ˿ʹɫתηַַ磬Բ𡣡
ûʲôֻǱ󵼶ѡַ㲢ûֶη˼ͻСʮ꣬׽ˣηҲ
лл㣬ִ磬ɲҪܾͬˡ
ηƺܿͽЩǣַһЦЦɴһ˿֮⡣
һ˳ǰʳǣתۼֻʣ;ϽˣһγţĸܵĲпᡣ
ͷǣЩɱǵˣǾӵˣѩ¹ػ֮ˡ
ַ΢΢ͷŶηֻǣڻǰУ
ȻѾˣαȥӱܡηһ˿ɬζͻȻɫһ䣬ƺ뵽ʲô˵ַ磬㻹ǲҪһˡ
ͨʳǣӦòֹһ·ɣû˼ֻҪһ·߾Уαôࡣ
ַ֪η룬ҡͷ
ҿͼ֪кü·ǰʳǣݳɡ
ϽӹַĻηƬ̣漴ͷϽ㣬Ǿˡ
һ鳯ȥϼݳַڳڡ
η⣬һ£㡣ַһֱһɻ󣬶Ŷη
ַ羡˵
֮ʱᵽָܵɶѵɱ֮£йأ
ηַʻЦ£ǰԼҲţݵ˹Ϲ
ǲ˵ĻǾˡַ㲹һ
ִȵģʲô㡣η΢΢ҡͷֻǴ˵е㸴ӣҪҵļ˵𡣡
նΣִѾַ֪֮գ͵ҵĶգͬĶΣҲ˵Һͻ֮ˣͬڡ
Ϊ淸ᵽƫƧһҲսû䣬ϣ֮ͨûʲô𡣡
η⻺Ŀڣƺһ£ַҲܰţ΢Щ죬û뵽η⣬ͻͬڡ
ַ磬֪μңΪܹΪңѩ𣿡
ʵǿȻͳΪ𡣡ַش
ǣѩ¹Ѿ֪£նΣμңΪʲôܲʢ˾õ£
ַĿ΢ûż壬ʢ˥֮ʱԶǿȻʽ壬ȴһֱռ֮λֻ˵ǵʵһֱѩǿģûбԽ
ַ꣡ͻȻ뵽һֿܣ˵ӵһŴʵģӵǿ꣬пһֱŴ
û꣬ȷе˵Ѫꡣη˵ͷش
ѪꣿҴû˵ַɻû˵Ѫꡣ
ִ磬ѪӵߣΪϡ򣬶ˣѩ¹ѪӵߣǷëǣû˵Ҳηһ򣬺ޱߣӵǿѩ¹ֻһҶѡ
η˵Ѫӵߣϡɼжັ
˵Ϊһޣͨ쳹أѪҺԳѪӵѪ֮츳ܹ꣬ͨѪȥԺٱ֣ܹõѪ֮Ŵ츳ֻ꣬еŴѪ֮ϡ̳е츳еŴѪ֮ǿ츳ҲԽֲңѪŴûаĹɣҲĶֻŴ˲Ѫ֮Ҳٴ֮Ŵ˸Ѫ
ѪҺԳѪܹŴȥÿֲʵ
ַ૵
ȷֲܿһ;̫޼ʣҲ֪⴫ܹγѪ֮ǿǺεȵΪ
ηЦ£ʵ̫Сˣǰǳ׵׵ϡ
ִ磬˵ôҲ²⵽ˣѩ¹Ļңμҵ棬ΪѪҺԳѪ츳츣μ


0105 ӡ֮
ѩ¹ңμ棬Ⱦ磡ַĿһâѹֶμܹΪԭܹŴѪ֮
ӵѪǵ츳ٲҲͨǿǵ㣬ͱȱ˸߳һ󲽣ңǻܹ̳Ѫ꣡
ΪŴѪ̶֮Ȳͬ˼̳е츳ҲһѪ꣬ҲֵȼǿǣμҾй涨Ƕμ檳ȺԽԽá
ַ㶣漴ҡͷЦΪ̳Ѫ֮ĳ̶ȫǿǶμȻϣԽԽãĻԽпּ̳ܳ˸̶߳Ѫ֮ĺ󱲣һﵱУֻҪһ˳ɲţˣ˵ַҲܹ׶μ֮˵뷨ˡ
Ϊ涨μݬ룬ȫסڻʹУǣ߾עҪ̭Ȼ˵淸űʹʵȴǲͬģҿǸղԭŶԣң̭ҵˣԲ١
η˵ַΪȻĵ˵ͷμ֮ˣ檳ȺﵱȻ࣬ʹٺ嫣Ҳ޷ǧķܣң˶ˣܲң顣
Ϊÿһμﶼܹ̳Ѫ֮ǱҲһˣǺĻ֮Ȩߣɻ˹עЩμһֺм̳˸Ѫ֮̾ͻȡһж
˵η΢΢ͣ£ַּ磬Ҳ㣬Һ˵֣ǷңƼǰһѧԺģֵݣǱѰǵҵĶӵ£λȨأҲ츳ߣͨȨı֮ǸΪ
ӣû뵽ηе֣ݾ˵Ժա
η⣬츳Ҳأ̳Ѫ֮
ַ㿴ŶηЦЦ˵ܹӿز뵽ʳȻη̳˲ٵѪ
̳˶ٵѪֱ֮ӿҪ츳Լܹչ¶ѪǿȣѪܹ꣬ʵǿǿңܹͷŵѪ껹̫ˣͶӵ̫ԶңֲĻǶӣһһţ츳֮߼δΪμǧǿţҲǧ̳Ѫ֮ˡ
ַţڶηĿУӾѾΪˣƺһ
˾ѩ¹̫ӡ޵δעҪͳѩµˣΪμǧţѩ¹츳Ҳܼڰ˴ӵλûܹޱǿ󣬶ȻҲǰ˴֮һ̫ӣкܴĲŲࡣ
޵ţȴѪ޵˳߲ɱ˫ֱѪȾ죬˵ʵ֮󣬾ս̵ʦʦսܣֱӱɱˣܸˣûʸٵʦˣʹȴû˸Կ˭͵̫޵ޱߡ
ɱԼʦö޵ȷʵ
̫ţӹµһ㻹ãƫƫҲɾޣͱ̫С꣬Ҳ̤˴УҶΪǫѷǳġ
ַ΢΢ͷƺ飬褡űָɣ˵ǲϣȻָӺͶˡ
Ȼηֵţ˸Ҳʶ䣬ϣ˵ìȻΣҲǺϾЩҲҸʱ˵ģִʵ̫һˡ
ԭˡַ˵ͷôң˵ˣӽ㣬ʩ㣬Ȼý£̫ӵ
ηͷ
ƺʹĻ֮ˣĶǶթηⱻǨУֻΪӵһֽǰһѧԺ
η⼸յʱ򣬶ȴһ˿ĺۼû¶ûκ˳
ǶӣĻҪСġַ˵
Ǻǣû˸̫ӵ˼ǶҲУˣ̫ӵ¸Ŀŵɱֻǻ˸ݣӵȴҳ֣Ϊ˻кֵܶ࣬ΪҶʹͻ
ηǷſЦǵı
ҲӺͶӴûгֹֻǵٴǰ¶ѡ
ַɵͷЩȵĿ˶ηһۣԶηܿôԶܿɹĻ̫֮ӺͶӵȷҪΪӴ壬Ի᲻ϵС
һһʣμŴѪ꣬ôҼǺĶӣΪȴý
Ҳ벹Ѫı̬֮μǼ̳еѪ֮ǵ᲻Ѫӵ꣬ңͬʱŴѪֻ꣬ŴѪҪ˵ĶǸӣӦöӵꡣ
̳еѪ֮ӵ˫꣬Ѫǿߵĺˣÿֲַͷ𾪡
ڼ̳еѪ֮ǿôѪ֮ǵ츳̳еģǴѪ꣬ҲԽǿη¶һ˿ɫַ磬ңʵǼ̳˴Ѫ꣬Աע⵽ǰʳǡ
ַ΢΢ͷη츳ǿѾµˣҲӣһ롢һɱ
ĬƬ̣ηַЦЦַ磬ѵ㲻֪Ѫʲô𣿡
Ҵû˵ҶμҵʲôҲûпǸʹãطǳز׵ַ֪ЦЦ
ַξңˣַ磬㿴ˡ
η˵꣬һصϢӿηӰ֡
ȺڰĴžƯǣϹŵϢǺڰ֮ţޱĺڰ֮ţǣȴͷ
ַĿȺڰ֮ţͬʱһϤ֮Ժи֡
ַ磬ԺμһҪСˣǵ꣬зӡ֮ţܹӡ˵ʵ꣬ӡ֮Խ̳࣬еѪ֮ԽǿѪҲԽǿӣӵȷӡ֮ţΪ̫ӣǼ̳ޱȿֲȷӡ֮ţдԣμǿޱȵ棬ӵоȷӡ֮ţһ֣ܷӡǧ˵꣬˫
֣ӡ֮Źرգ뵽Է嵱УŶԷĳֶӡסˣʵꡣ
η⻺˵ַ壬̲ס΢΢öη鶼£Ŀַ㡣
ǣӡ֮ţַһɱϢӿһϤ֮ԺδļУţСǹرŵķӡ֮ţֻףκü֮ģ


0106 ʷֵĸı
ֺüֹ֮رյķӡ֮ţҲζףӡĳֶĸףͶμйͻ
ǰ뿪ݳǵʱ򣬸ַֺ㣬ȥ˻ʳǡ
ַֻԼԺЩң׺Ͷμгޣȥʳǣֱַ㣬ĸףԲȥġ
׿ΣգȥʳǣһҪҵס
ַ㲻֪׵λμ֮ˣҲ֪кζܹģҪҵףô¡
УַͻȻһ£ףûкĸ׵飬УкΡ
ַ㡣
鿴ַķɵúһַ㷴Ӧĵɻѹ£ҡҡͷû£η⣬жܵʳǡ
·;˳Ļٶ춼Ҫ졣ηӦ
Ȼȥݳ;ҲϢһ£ٶȻһЩ
ַ˵һηȻַ֪Ǻ⣬ǵ˵ͷȴɻΪַ翴֮ԵЩ
ַû˵ηҲȥʵġ
ʵҲηԣҹ·ڵʱŵʳǽ¡
ңΪһ·ҲȷûκεĽɱû֪ŵǶηˡ
ʳǣ嫺ΰΧȫֻһͨʳ֮еš
ȳżΪͭߴＸʮףڳ֮ϣһ׾ʿֳֳǹػǡ
ڻʳ֮⣬һӣʳΧƣֻһʯţͳԣʯţǳţܹӳ̤ʳǡ
˿̵ĳţȴǽŵģΨÿضļʱڣŲŻῪͨУʳǡ
˶Դȴ޶Ϊڳ֮⣬һСǣ¥̨֮ǧ˿ڻԾĻʳǡ
ʱһʳǣַߵ̾¥ò֣ǵķʤҪԽݳ̫ࡣ
öˡ
鲢δĻ֮󣬶ľ֮Ⱥ
ǻʳǵǣȻࡣַЦЦһ·ȻҲ֮ѩ¹صȺڻʳǣɲΪҪǧհһ»ʳǵΰΪ˼֤ѩʥԺĵ
ȺѩʥԺĵƶʷıѩ¹һ̡
˿˶޷ʶǼһڵ·м䣬ûжͶȥĿĿ꣬һֻ̤ʳ֮ʱʷ֣Ҳ֮ı䣬ѩ¹δ츲ء
飬ôҲ˰ɣûʳǴŻûеʱԵ㶫ɡ
ַ㻷ң漴ͣһ¥Աߡ
η⾲ܿһһ¥У¥һ¥ǿõģмڷһЩľֲ꣬ʻ÷ǣм䲿ֵϲͬǿյģ̧ͷͿԿھ¥Ķ¥դԱƷơ
̴ľ¥ݣ˾¥ˣΪ˶Եʣ˿̵Ҿ¥Ҳַ΢Щǣ¥Ȼܶ࣬ȴǳİûаӣżĹ֮
ľ¥Ȼ鴫ַһľ¥Ȼ㲻Ϻȴɾ࣬õú£ǰһĸоƷƵİΧ͹ĳУԵö˼ָ֮
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ηָһλãЦ˵һ
λҪʲô𣿡˸¾ǰдЦ˵
ơһ裬Ҫõģϼɫˡ
ַ绹ûкúƷƣлᣬһ¿ڷǺζ
õģλԵȡ
СӦһЦ߿
ַλϣ߾¥˵̸Ȼǵѹúܵͣ侳ΪܹģϾҲʲôܵĻȺҲڸԡ
ַ㷢֣˵̸Χһ⣬ѩʥԺȻżַҲ̫ӡԼһѧԺۡ
֣˵ƺڱǼƺڵԴϷ֣ƺڵУ˭󣿡
ʱһַע⣬̸ƺڡ
һƺڲͣж꣬ƺڸ𣬶ڶȻһֵصĴ£ڱѩɽׯԼţǵµһȫǱѩӵߣȫӵߣƺڵĸǵӰ첻ڴ󣬲ڲǵģǣ˵ǺվŵˣӮҡ
ǺǣֹȻ棬һ˵˴жԸòƺڵĴŵ֧֣ЩӼѩʥԺõ츳ڵĺ˲ţΪѩʥԺĴ»ʯ⻹˳һţ
˸̸ۣҲ΢΢һЩˣҫԼʶ˼
˶̸֮ͣʱеЦҲˡ
֪νһĮͻأȺĿ΢ֻ¥ݴӰΪ֮ŮӣŸ߹Ĵ̳ȹȴһɫޣִżӢ
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Ŀ֮ȴΪԼ棬Ц
ŮĮٶ̸֮˵ɫ΢΢һŭ˲㲻ҪڣЦ
졣
Ů˵һ˲䣬һ廯һӰ˳ȥ漴ȺһղǶײŮ֮ˣһƳ˳ȥѪ
һƺڶѣŵõĲϷһЩ似һЩͶϵͽֵȼĹ似ȻƺڵУ˭ûͬ似ͶϵͽһЩ˱ѩʥԺߺʣģǻں
ŮĿ⿴һˣɫѿҲò϶Է˵ȻûҲ˵ˣֻǵͷ
֧֮ѩʥԺΪõ˺ôΪη壬ǲӣ˵ǾͻΪƺڣ⵽֣֮һ㣬Ǳ˭ף޿κΣôʱҶ󣬸һ̨ףƺΪڣǵȻԸˣ˲Żϴεж
ƺڣǼţҲ˵һЩʱѣѩ¹һͳѩ£ֻѩ»ңκԶҪѩ»ҡ
ַŮĻЦ˵Ȼмֵδ̫ƫˣȫվѩ»ҵĽǶ˵Ӧѩ»ҵӵߡ
Ȼѩ»ôҪôֶθʲôֱӽ˲Ϳԡ
ʱһַһ㶣˵֮ˣȻǾܿȻűһ£йڻдŶײζ
Ůת˾ܿһۣһâЦ˵ˣ˭ӣˣڵһ
˵꣬һХɫıӰ綾߰㣬ֱӴŮлӳžܿ˦ȥΪ
ַ㿴ŮĶͫһĺһԲϾͳ֣ðԵŮˡ
һַ׼ȷĽŮӳĳУ䵭ĵ˵һ仰ѣ㣬ǲǹ˵㣿
Щǲ˵ģ˵ˣҪۣΪ˵ˣû˵ʸ񡣡
Ůַ㣬㣬Ҳͬûпڵʸ񡣡


0107 
ַŮĿ΢䣬Ϊ˵Ҫʸ
ŮڿƱ˵ûʸôأԱ޳ˣʸִ
Ůһ޴ַƳ󶶶޾ñֱ㳯ַ϶ȥ
һЫŮˣ㳤ƯҲ񡣡
ַ䣬ͶԷûκεĳԹƣΪܿĻҪñӳ龲ܿҪܿۡ
ַ㣬ȻҪǣŮĶ֣кݶ
ѵֻ˵Ļȴ׼˷δҲ̫ˡ

Ůŭһ޺Хޱȼ
侳һضѣĿˡ
ַͷмһӡȻ˳˻ƣ㲻õ۷壬ҲǶԷֿܹġ
ֲ˳ɫӡ嫶ǿ޷Ϯ֣˲䵹ȥ
ССġŮ˽Ųһ磬ͬʱһƻһȵľŰӡȫΧȺҲԶԶĶ㿪
⼸˿ݶһ㣬Ͳʵȴ̤䡣
˿˵ʵ侳ͷ΢˵ڻʳǣ侳صʵ㲻ǿҪ֪⼸˵䶼ŮڶʮңַԼŮᣬ಻ʮ߶ѣ츳ɼһߡ
㾹ңŮַƷˣɫѿĶַ㡣
ַһվŲһ磬ʱһѹֵϢھ¥ӡ
㶼Ҫˣһ㣿
ַЩЦЩѵΪֻǿˣˣȴǲɣ裿Ц
ŮĿ⾯Ŀַ㣬ˣǸܵһ˿в
ĻԼԼ죬Ȼ뿪
Ůɫʳ֮⣬ʱܹ衣
֪ν
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˵ûʸ񿪿˵ҵҪһõķʲôʸˣ졣
£ַƷ˻ƺȻϮߵӡޱȡ
ҡɫһ䣬ϵᵽ۷壬˫ֵӭӡ
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䡢䣡
ֻŮ嵹ɶصĵڵأͷ䲻ʮңȻ˰Ե˵Ҳ֣ʳߣԻֻһ涼Ǹˡ
ŮĿǣĿԼĻɳɫѾݡ
㡭ַָָ㣬ŮȴִʱַŲҪ˵ĻҲֱʻȥ
شҵĻ˵˵ʸûУôأ
ַŮȶȥĿĮϲˣҲ赽ͷϡ
֪ԵŮˣûʲôýģãôߣ㣬죬龲ַܴܿӦ
ȻܣôΨз𷴿
ַ㣬ΪԼǺ۸ˣȻѾˣôͳһ㡣
֪˭𣿡
ŮַסŲ΢΢£аԼûдĻߡ
ȻŮҲû뵽ʳ֮⣬Ȼ˸˶ַ㣬Ǹࡣ
˭ҺθɣַЦֻЩŻԼˣָû˵ʸ˶⣬ȴ֪ж˻Ķ⡣
ҵĶ⣿Ц˴ӻûгֹŮĵ
𣿡ַǷһĨ⣺ңҳΪһ
ҶңŮɫԽԽҸҷģҷֺȻ֮ء
Щǲ˵ģ˵˾Ҫۣˣղ˵ĻַĮŲǰ̤һЩ£ǲģȻˣҪܺҪԼ죬ôҾ졣
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кβҡַŲڿ絽Ůǰƾ𣬺
ס֡
ʱһͻأ
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ͷĵӹɣȻˣȻΪǽŮȻȺϲŮݰǣģҲʱ֡
ʱַĿתģŮʮңһˡ
ַȴû̫仯ĺȣɲһЩַദôãŮӵȻҲǿ١
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ĿַеĵĮ΢Щȣ֮ʱ˵Ȼˣټ
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ңַüͷһ壬侲ƽ
ַĻٶ£漴ݸһЦҡͷ
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ллַ¶һ˿ĮЦݣ漴ʵʶ𣿡
ţĿ⿴ַ㣬Цôĳ͵ǰʶǡ
ʶͿˡַ㽫ĵĻϣȻʶΪҪӣ
ַĻ˶סˣһţȻ˵ֻңĻˡ
ַ㵱Ȼ֪Ⱥʲô˵ñӳ֮ʱûг֣԰ɣ
ˣҪʱҲ֪ͬģ𣿡ַʵԶԡ
Ȼ߸ϣǣҪǶʱ㶼ûг֣ôڣ㣬ܳʲô
ַĻھ¥ȺĬ˼ַĻղţΪĳˣַӦڣȴôΪˣΪǵģ޷ַĻ
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ôһ⣬һΣȴεĳĵϣĵΪǶַĲ𾴣ַһ衣
ˣŻҪһϵġ
ַ㿴˶Ĭ¶һ˿õЦݣƣҲĻȥ
ޱȣ


0108 һ
ľ¥˲ޱȰ
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ȺסˣŮǳ׵ˣƻ̧Լ⻬գлʹд
նΣգǧ֮˵һ˸ǣ죬ַ㣬ȻһƳϡ
˫Ư˿ŭ棬ΪĮԵм
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һµļžϣ˵֮ģ㱻ַжһ⣬ôŸ߹Ȼǰͣ·Ͳᶯŭ
˼Ӧ裬ȴ֣
ַ㿴ģͬƽƽ͸һֹ񡢲
㣬Ҳó֣οûеóѡ
ĻӦ˵ǶַʻĿ϶𸴣ַ裬Ҫû֡
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0109 ѩ
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ȺֻоԼ嶼ҪסĽŮϣһӣֻƾɺƣҪ˱⣬ʵ̫ˡ
侳ѩ¹κεطǿˣܹŵĳϣ
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ͷţûַܿãԼȴڱ仯ˣ¶һ˿ĵһ۾͸оĲƽЩ˲ҪĿҲܹƶϳж飬Ȼ֣ʣԵˡ
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ַ΢΢һֻĿ⸩·Ⱥһۣ漴һӣʱٶȸ죬ֱӴӳŵϿշԾʳǵУ
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0110 Ļ֮
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˵أǻʳǵģҲѩ¹Ȩģѩ»ڵأҹ
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ȻҲЩĿʼռͣδһۣǵУΨִš
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0111 ͻ
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ȻڶμڶȺǷǳ۵һλǶհΪѩ¹үǿǶ˻Ҫ𾴡
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ΪǽԼĵȼڶ֮£ַ֮ϡ
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ʱΧȺһѧԺҲв߹֣û뵽һѧԺ֮
Ǽ񣬸Ҫҳ顣
Ⱥһ국Ц˵߰ЩƽСɵĽǿһѧԺӦöžƽӵܲŶԣǵ츳ǿͬʱ츳ҲǿĹӵȣӵӵеԴɲܹġ
ֻ˵ĲӣԵҩθΪкãһȺҵķѡ
ͬһԵ˺͸ղǡǡ෴Ʋӵܡ
˵ĻȺҲֶ֮ơ
ʳǵУԺ̫֮࣬˹ӵҲܶ࣬һĿˣƲƽ񣬾ö֮ʳ˵ĶȻȻγɣѩ»ʳǵɫطС


0112 ˭˦˭
ߣαطϻô࣬սһ֪ǿ
ӵܵеٶϵ츳ڵĺ󱲣侳ΪͣΪѵãַҲʮ߶ѣܹﵽ־硣
ߣһӵƼŵĺһս⹫ƽеЩһˡ
֮˲ɵӣԷ޿֣ÿַ㡣
ҾǲңαôɣǼһＸ⣬Ҳö֪壬Щܹȵġ
ղǵһһΣַĿ˲ת˵֮ˣһŻ꣬ʮ߰ңϴŽ֮⡣
İ󣬼㲻˵ҲҪ⣬³
Ц˵
ǺǣǾͺãĪҪҵǡ
һЦʵһѧԺ˿ԸһƼ鶼ûеļ񣬻ֵ
ҵô
һ˿мַ㣬߰ͷ­ĮĵԸԼ˦ԼĻҿԲ֡
ǶٲһЩ׳ա
ַֹһĿⲻ俴һԵĶһֻۣҲûȥֻվǾĿһеķ
ҲַܿϢͻᴫɻǳǴ˿ַǰչ¶һʵ٣Ҳ̫ѿˣ˻Ϊһ˶⡣
׳գ
ȺַĻɵ¶ȤɫЩӵҲʼ塣
еļ׳ء
Ǻǣ𣬿㲻ôܻ˰
һĶУøĴ̶ɫҲԽĮ
ҲҪĶ⣬һҪǶ⣬ѵһ㡣
ɨַ龲ܿˣĻַɫһ˿˿⣬ԸˣȴҪ
ƨûСַĮɫһŭӿ
һǰУƣ漴Ȼ£ſԶľ硣
һǳУԽ˳ɳȥ
ַŵЦ΢΢̧𣬿磬ֱӽֱ۸סͣ˰֮С
ţĿһһôȻܸסֱۡ
Ϊмô
˵һɻӿޱȣֻſſһ£ʱһɿԵĻ棬Ȼֱӳַȥ
似
ĿһַҪùˡ
ȻڴʱȴַһֱֻӺӡŸֱ֮ӽûȥ
ɫһͣŲһ̤棬ֱ۴ַŲͬʱ˫־һɻ泤иֵ֣ӡ
Ե궯ң͹ַ㡣
ʱһӡ֮ͻȻһƴӺͫв
ˡ
ɫ΢еͺһ˿ﻹü
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ַȵվʹģϣһ֮£׵Ļˡ
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ƺûŪô£ַԼӣĿдͨѪ˿
˵Ҽûлڣǲңǲм
ַû׳յʻҴҲ˵ĳڡ
ȴҵģ͵ǰ飬ٲ飬Ͳǲм汻ˣԣɡ
ַ㻰£ٶ˦˳ȥһΣַеɲղֱһƽ˶˦˳ȥ
ڵصȺͷ΢΢£һ⣬úݡ
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ַ¶һ˿ĳͫһɫΪѿ裬衣
Ҫɱ㡣
ʱһŭ𣬴ӵХ¡
£Х͵ĳַ˹ȥٶ죬צһһ׹˸ַնȥ

ַͺһ貵Ĺ⻪һû漴ȺͿХǵӿе䣬ǣƬ֮󣬱ûϢ
ǽղǵâǽ⡣
Ⱥͷ𾪣ÿĽֻһնɱХǡ
㡭Ŀֲ
ԶĻòҪ㿪ڡ
ַĮвһȻ̱֮죬ȻĿޱȣȴ˵һ仰
Ǻǣǵĸ߰ǹӵܣһʱͳ˲ӣ˵ķ
һ̶ĳ֮Щӵɫ㶼ޱѿղҪѵַ㣬ַĶ⣬Щȴ룬𲻵ûַܳĶ⣬ݺݵĳ⡣
⣬Ҳǳǵϡ
㻹ҳ
˵һɫһûĿѪ侮ʯĻ쵰
׼ұվŵˣֻܽŭѹȥ
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ղţҼ⣿
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Ҷ⣬УǲǣԼ֣ñҲ֪˵Ĺ壬жô磿
ַƵĻȺĶв죬ʱЩûбݵƽ޶Ц
ղˣڱأ㻹ʲô
ղ˵ʲô壬Ǽܱȵģô֤һԼĻѵǹ壬⣬û£
̶𣬾ЩӵܣĿҲһ˰ϣַƣӦӦս


0113 һָ
վڹȺУϵĻʵȻ޴棬ȴ֮һɭĮ
ַĻ̫ˣӦսҪȡЦ
ǣղַսǵʵʵַֻ֪Ķ֣оͱ˦˶⣬ַΪ͸
ʮ䣬Ҳ侳۷壬ǿ
аһԼţԼΪ侳أҪԸ׾١
Уַ񣬵ղַıԼ˿̵ĵȻЦЩ岻
ΪսӮûкô
ʤˣȻǸ߸ϵİ׼ӵܣʤһʲôЩ˻˵СˣҪ׶̧ͷ
ȷҪ֤㿴
ĻɭɭģַһֺƵĸоߣһ̵Ķߡ
ԡַ˵ͷƵᡣ
ûпǹɫӵҲҵ֤ں
Ǻǡַ۽һ֮һĵνĹӵܣѾ̹ˡܼԣͲټˡ
˵ͬʱַĿ⻹ɨһۣղŵ𣬲Ҳʹʱİһ绪Ŀô
ûͲҪٷˡ
ǣǹ죬ȷǹģ˵ޱսȴһ
ƽ֮˵ĳ֮˷Щӵһɫɭǰи˸һɱ
˵⻰𣿡
ڴȺ˳߰гһ϶
һһʱ𣿡
ַŲһ磬ʲãϣһǿҵƣӿԡ
ҳ߹˻ʳǰ׼֮ˣʮ겻侳Ϊݡ츳ʵȫΪѡ㣬ʲô˵һд
Ųһ磬һɭ̹ǵĺַȥ·ҪϮַ侳صʵȫ
ҳƽûκԴƾŬʮ֮ʱӵ侳Ϊ㣬ܱ𣿡
ַĿ͸ױȵķͷ·һη塢ϣһޱǿҵĽХ
ؼ䴫̶ХȺͷޱȣַ㣬ʮ꣬Ͱһ侳Ϊ츳ԣ̫࣬ңַƽ߹󣬾Ļ԰ɱַҪúַܶ࣬㻹һ̫꣬࣬ˡ
֮˾ȻûһѧԺƼţѵҪȥѩʥԺȺͷһַ߿ࡣ
һԵ𣬶ǳĬв֪ǺζǿڿַƲַûƼţ˿ȴ֣ǵ츳ַȵʸûУǰַǰЩȻʧɫ
˭ʵǿƣ˭ȣ
ϣˣĺܳף˵Լ츳粽ţƽַѹȴû뵽˾پȻԵЩȡ衣
ַƣǿ͡Եһǰ
֮츳ٶ֮֮һ⣬Թ似ͬɻȱȻҪģ꣬꣬޵꣬ҵ꣬ްߣȡ
Ʊַѹ壬вʣͷŶӰڿգϲƣһ˫۾ɭĶַ㡣
Ȼߡ
ַЦ;úͱҶŵĸоƣ²꣬Ȼˡ
꣬ȷ֮꣬ȻЩˣʹ꣬ɲһ
ַ㵭˵Ӱ絽ǰһָûκεĻڡ
һЦַ㾹ȻֻǶһָ
΢ţǰ
ʱĿȴͻȻһһɻϢϣַָ⣬·ޱȷؼɱ·һָУԽԽоָƵĿֲ֮
һָ޷¡
ͻȻһǷϴܵĸоһֲָɵĴ
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˵Щˣʹ꣬ɲһЩˣ㲻ʹ꣬Ȼޱǿ
ȺΪǰߣΪʵǿͬУǷǳǿģַ㣬̫ˣʹںߣʹ꣬ޱǿ
ʱַ㿴ŰڵϵİԼҲΪȣһָ֮⡣
ƣ΢̤˽һ֮ҲŸո΢֮ƣ޷ִΪԶԶû˽һĵزɣӵ˵ðһָܲҵ˽һ֮ǻжǿ
ַղţʹ΢֮ƣ΢һ㣬΢ɲ飬΢ޱȡ
ַԽĿƣǰ֪ǿ˶١
˽һһңԶҪģ΢
ַҪﵽ˽һѣǲģֻһһӡϳǰ
ȿȡһ촫ȳѪûվգվ
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ſַ˵ν츳еĹ彾ڿƺǼôڣʲô
ַ㵭˵һһڰϣȳϵĶʹ
ңǰ󣬼ЩȡЦַĹӵܣһ˳˶㣬ɫΪѿ


0114 ߵв
ڲǰǶԸ߰ӵĿ⿴ַ㣬ַ
ǿеļ񣬲˦⣬׻츳ڵİ
ַǼʲô񶼲磡
һȺ߰Դļһ֪ܷ񳤵ѵ
̶ƽӪЩӵȫ
죬һս
һ֮˵֮Ŀһ͡
ףֻѡˣô˵ԡ
Ⱥһһԣȴ䵭Ŀڵסڡ
ȺߵĻͣһѧԺÿһλʦʵǳǿһ֣ǶҪӣЩ߹Ĺӵܶҷ
ڻʳǣţëһѧԺǻ츳ڵĹӵܣܵЩ˵ʦûһ֮
ɺͳ˽ʲôӡ
һɨȺʱ˶
ֻ̧Ųߣĵ
̧ͷˣһ˿֮ɫ˵棬һ˻ܣδ棬Ժ󶨱˳Ц
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ߣ㻹ʦĺһðɫǵͨ죬ʦƲˡ
һ;䡢Ҳģ½ǿû˭˵Լǿʵ츳ǿ˶ڣҪģĵǿӵһżִ͡ŵ֮ģʤΪ٣ܣҪ֪ܣǷϣǷܽԼøǿ
˵Ļ쳹ڰĶߣȴĵУĺĳӡ
ʦˡ΢΢ޱȹʦ̵ָһΡ
֪˻ȥɣú÷ʡʡ
䵭˵һĿתַϡ
ʱַҲˣаԾѧԺʦ̵ΪӵһѧԺڻʳǵУ츳ȺʦҲȻв֮仰ðǷлָ֪ܺ¡
һѧԺʦȻϾһѧԺʦַ㣬ȴһѧԺˣȴһѧԺѧԱ
ѧԺ֮ʣǰң㣬ĺڡ
˿ַ㣬ͻأ˵ַĿ΢΢һ
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ѧԺ֮⣬һӣһ𣿡
˼ַ㲻˵ٶȿڣ
Щӵܶ£漴¶ЦһѧԺѧԱϵʦˣˣʹǹϵ֮ˡ
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ַĿԵЩЦ˵ƺ˵ҪѵҵʱҼǵ˵ûƼŵˣԼ֮ˣԶҶ֣˿̣ȴ˵ҹ⵷ңһѧԺ㣬ΪѧԺʦǰ˵Ϲ𣿡
󵨡
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ַĿ΢΢ЦʵΪӵʵܹ˰ԵߵǷǣС
Ǵ˿̵ˣΪܹԸԼԼ֣Ȼ˿̣ȴ˵ַһѧԺֱд
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죬ԺҲһѧԺһԱǣ㲻һѧԺ
Įɨ˶ηһۣдżвζ
η⻹Ҫ˵ʲôȴַ㽫סĵη⣬ԺҲһѧԺѧԱ޹ء
˵ַ꣬ĿͶˣ˼׼Ρ
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ַ츳ڣϾʵ̫СôܺԿ׼ַܽ𣬲С
ңͬΪַ츳ãҲһѧԺҪַ·ϵΪһѧԺ֮˼һǿĶ֡
˵ַҪȥѩʥԺء
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ҵǣַҲ£ھ¥ֶʵǳġ
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鲻ϲȴ˵˺ԣƵᣬû㹻ĵ̡
ʦαҪ˶ŭʱһֻһӰȺ߳ߵ츳˳ڣԸһѧԺĻȻΪһǿߡ
һӣ磬ͣϸ壬˾òʵ̫ݣŮ˻ҪƯ
ʰѩ÷ѩ
ôˣʰѩ֣ͷһ
ҲĿתʰѩ΢΢ͷ
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תĿ⣬ֶַ㿪˵Ŀ΢ʰѩȻһ˵һ仰Ȼʦ
һѧԺַ㿴ʰѩһۣ漴ҡͷûȤ
ţĿһ㶣ɨַ㣬ĵ֪ôļһᣬѧԺ㾹ȻˣǱݹˡ


0115 Ժ
ʦŶŭȰȰ
ʰѩǰϴż֮⣬˳Ⱦɾù֣磬û˻˵ˡ
һѧԺȻûֻ̫ˣ֪Ĳܹͬķ츳ΪԣûʲôΪҪܾء
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ҿһѧԺӣԼʦô
ַ㵭ĻһĿһЩӵһɫѿַ˵ĲôȻָǣǶһ档
Ҳһ㶣һ⣬òʶȤļһΪ
㿴ĺʵĲһң㿴ҲֻƬѡ
ʰѩ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ַѧԺţǲͬʵϣ;ͬ顣
ƺ£֮䣬ҲУŵʹܹΪһѧԺĵӡ
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ͬһߣˣȺΪԾĿд˿˿Ĺ֮һ
ǸԺԺ˾ȻԹַ㣬β𾪡
ѵַ츳ѾǿѧԺĸ߲㶼Ϊ֮Ķ
ȺͷǳַûƼŵˣǸоϻģַ㲻ûƼţǸһѧԺûȤܾˣ˴ΣԺַ㷢롣
һѧԺѧԱѾˣʦȷĿǳЩǸ
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Ϊַ㣬ԺҪʦַǸ
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Ժƺ߽Ӳ̬ȣ˵һߵ£ȺǾ
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Ϊʲô
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ҪһѧԺȴܹеĺôȺ£ַоܾ֮
ңԷǶĻĻɲ˴£ڶԷУԸһ侳֮˻׾١
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ʰѩһַ̲סЦһȷЩˣദãͻϲʰѩˡ

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Ժߵʵ
Ժ֮ΥӲԺһѧԺ
ǺǣɲˣӦף£Լԭ򣬲ȻҲҳԺĵȻô϶ԭ㡭ǰ˵似ֱȥɣ˵˵ġ
߽Ųһͣ漴ϵĽӲ˲ʧֵһĨϲ֮ɫϲĺ󳹵ȡ


0116 
һѧԺַ㷢֣ѧԺеȺЩϵͬЩˣܴ
˵ַһŮӣϴŲõЦ⣬ȻģȺȴЦиоһ˿ɭϢܿ¡
ڸղţַһλ꣬Ϣϻһɷ
㿴˵ʲô𣿡ʰѩַеЦ£졣
ϵʣر𡣡ַ˵оˣ϶ηⶼܵˣ΢΢˵ͷ
ûǺرʱΪʵԶԶױ˿ر֮
ʰѩ΢΢ͷ漴֣ϸŮ˵İָԶļű˵һѧԺֻˣҲͬ㼴Ҫٵ⣬Ϊ˵һ֣ҾͻȥӦĵط
ˣַʵˣ
սɳѪȾɳָܹӵкηҾȡзͷ­ĽǣΪһ
ַɫһͣһѧԺҪĵһˣȻսɳĽʵǿӵдʹǻ۵Ľ֮š
ڶˣĻ֮ȴָһУ̸Цҷ˽ܡ
ַ࣡ͫһʰѩеһˣܹγҰ¸µš
أַЩ棬һѧԺҪǰˣȻǽ࣬˿˿ĸо
ǣڷ֮У֮䣬ΣաҲصһˣǲԣ֣ȻѪ
ʰѩĿڵַһ£־ȻȻǡ̿ͣ
һѧԺĻ֮ˣ˭
ַŨŨʣ⽫࣬д̿Ͷ˺һһҡ
ˣҰľ˵Ĵ
ѵѩ¹ľΪ
ַ㰵˵漴Լз񶨣ѩ¾һѧԺΪֻǴѩʥԺأȻǾôôһΣյĵطڡ
һѧԺԺǺˣ
ַʰѩһʰѩɫһƯ۾ַ㣬˵ܶ˶֪һѧԺƺֻиԺԺûԿ϶ǣԺһǻ֮ˣݺܸߣһ㣬ҲӦס
ַ΢΢ͷǻ֮ˣɣҲһѧԺΪҶġ
ҲΪԭһѧԺ̫Ƽŵʽټ˲ţӵռܶ࣬ҲڽѧԺУ֪һѧԺˣѧԺ֮˵һѧԺԲڡ
ʰѩ˵ַ㰵Եͷ
ˣҵҲˣ֣һ֪ء
ַ㣡
ַ㣬֡ʰѩظһ˵ҸղѾһѧԺˣһӵܣ඼ϣΪеڶ֣ǵļ峤һվĻ֮ȴܹΪơΪ꣬ȻƽУҲвΪˣҪѺܶࡣ
һЩӵѪжѡΪһˣˣٵģվĻΪ֪飬ȴ˿صһΣҪͣй֮
ַȫܹͬʰѩ˵ĻƽҪ̤߲㣬ͨѪֱӵģ̤ײΪһˣѣҪıֶΣûб뵽Ȧȥ
ڴ̿ͣжԸȥ̿͵ģÿγ֣֮䡣
ȻǵѡҲȡǵ츳ǵ꣬ңһѧԺκѡʵǰڵһλģûʵеһУǿ̸Ϊߵ磬ھԵǰκεȨıƣữޡ
ʰѩַ㣬ʵַ㣬Ҫһ£Ϊˣ
һ֡
ֱַӵĻӦֻѡɻѡһ֡
ڶ֣Ļ֮󣬹Ķǣַϣģַ̿ͣҲûִ㣬ԣԶԣԸΪһɳ
һˣҪѪꡣ
Ѫû⣬꣬ҸЧ˭
ַĿдһ˿ζ˵ʰѩ
ңҲ֪ʰѩգգ˫Ů˰Ư۾̯̯֡
ַ㣬ʹȥȥĵط
أ㻹ûиңˣ
ַ㿴ʰѩ˿ϴһɹȴûӵϵĸ߰ҲûѪĺ
ˣ
ˡ
ַԥĴʰѩ£漴Ц
η⣬أΪˣ
ַعͷŶηʵû˴ηһѧԺģȴԼ߽˵һ
ңηЦŵַһΪһˡ
ãһȥɡ
ַ΢΢һЦ
ʱһһ֮ǰһĹ㳡վŲȺȺǰһӰǣǰڷһܹ١
ҪΪһˣһѧԺҪһֲԣΨͨεĲԣ߽ɣɵһˡ
ʰѩַɻ󣬽һ
ַĿ£˵ȻΪһҪĲԣôˣҲһɡ
ڶ˲ҪҪΪˣѵģҪͨԡ
ʰѩЦЦַĿһͣ̿ͣԸΪһˣȴѵġ
һˣ׵ġ
վڹ㳡г⣬вǰһѧԺˣʰѩȻͼ̸Ц߽ɵǼ˹һһĿ˸ޱȡ
ǣַ֣ܶʰѩ֮ʱȻıܿƺʰѩ
һĻɵַоЩŹ֣


0117 
Ǻ㣡
ַϸʰѩƺֺŮһƯпʲôһŮһƯˣȻη塣
ҲǾηʰѩЦ
ʱַ㼸վԱߵҪطһЩȻΪʰѩԵʡ
ǲÿ궼һ̫ѣӦû⣬ңΪһҲģһѧԺϵУһǿÿ⼸죬һѧԺˣﶼμӲԣǽϵѧԱ뿴һԼ˶١
Ź㳡ϵȺ½ʰѩַ˵
ԵݣӰɡ
ַ㿴ǶǰӰ˫ָ٣ȴ΢΢ŵġ
ûԵݣһӡʰѩЦԵ
Ŀһ֮ɫԣ
η;Ҳ΢Щȣβԣ
Ψ飬ôĵĮ¶֮ޱƽ·κ£޹ء
Ǻܿͻˡ
ʰѩ˵ɻ飬Ҳ
㳡л۵ԽԽʱжˡ
Щ˼ʰѩַ㣬ɵɫһҲѡǽϵ
Ǻǣ츳ʵѣҹſǰ֮˵磬ǿԽӴӴ֪ܷͨԡ
϶û⣬Ҳˣ׾ͻ˰󣬶Ҹ˦ͰĶ⣬ײʦ־⡣
ЩһѧԺЩŵȺҲַʵַ㻹мġ
ԸΪ֮ˣȱѪֱ֮
ڴʱȺǰ֮ˣȺɨһۣĿ͡һֺʵĸо
ˣյĲԱ㿪ʼɣ˱ղԡ⸧Ҳżְ֮⣬˵ңм䡣
Ⱥ΢΢ͷЩѧԱߵԣȻ£ˣҲ֪أֱϥ¡
ֻúõһӱˡ
ʰѩַ㼸΢΢һЦ漴ֱߵԱȥˡ
Ҳɡַͼ˵һ漴һϥڵϡ
ˣҿʼˡ
˫ָ٣ϸ޳ָһӹƮ
ַĿȴ˫ϣϸ壬ָ޳ʰѩ˫֣
һڹƮ͵գԽԽŨ
ûжãƬ㳡ޱȼž֮⣬ûκ
ⰲУ˵ıϣɼžְꡣ
·һտأʵĿģࡣ
ַ˫ҪպϣڴʱȴĲ£һĮ֮⣬괦˲࣬Ŀⲻɵ΢΢һ
ߣ
ַĿһͷȻӣȻд֮⣬ڲ֪˯ȥֱӰ˵ľ
Ҳһְɣӣ֪к
ַаһ漴۾ϣԼٵִߵ⾳УҪж
ַֻ̫Ϊ֮ܿ죬ַĽӵ⾳
ޱߵĴ֮ϣΨһˣվڿкޱȵˬ
ڴʱؼ䣬һɱ֮
ܿ죬֣ԣǧ̤񱼶Ӷеĺ䳤ŶԷɱȥ
Ѫϡ
ϱ۲֫ǰϡ
ߣһѪܵͷ­Ǿ޴۾ţŲԹޡ
ܿ죬壬ѪմĽ£̤ѪӣΧǶѻɽʬһղŻʻǵѪš
Ϧ£и˵ĿڶǴźӣȺСѪУѰʬ塣
¹ϣԩѪܵĻ棬ϵĸǰ
ʱ㳡룬˶۾١Ŀ䡢ͨ죬һ⣬ǵϣȫ亹͸
ǣȫǱ⾳еĻѵģңЩ˷֣ЩɱţЩԱߵѧԱ·ȫУ۾
ַıϣ˿Ҳͬ亹˭ֵĳ޷־ԵĵȻң֮⾳УһоǷǰһãǹ⾳̫ʵˡ
˿˿ĮĸоٶȴַַԺһܹܵϵı
þǿ֮þ
ַ⾳ѹȻֱܹӽֲ뵽˵ԺУ˳У޷԰Σֲ̫ˡ
ⵯ֮ǿһЩøֲֲ뵽˵ԺУ⾳г֣Ҫ˵塣
Ŀ⻷ңַ㷢֣ηţȴ΢΢鴤ϵ۾Ѿڵĺš
ˣˣҲɽ˫Ѿ˷Ӧ
ֿ飬ȷʵ
ַ㰵һǹһ˿ŹֵЦݣղΪǹ⾳Уûô࣬һ˴˴εĿǺ⣬ƺʧˡûͨ顣
ȻƬ֮ͣ£ȺҲ½
ֻ꿴Ⱥһۣ˵˴οǵ־⾳ж޷ܣѹʵսǵҲңˣղˣ뿪ɣǲʺϳΪǡ
ȻˡַǸһ˿ЦɲΪ޷ܶѵģ꣬ѣ׳뵽ֻþС
˵¶ʧ֮ɫ½뿪ҲãղŵĳǶԼѡҲɣҲ治ʺϳΪǡ
֮Ŀ⻺תַϣʵ㣬Ϊβ뿪
ЩʶַĿһַ㣬ûͨ飿
ʰѩҲ¶һ˿ֵɫѵַ־˵Ĳᣬ⿼䲻ף־֮˶ԣȴ̫ͨϾѾȻʵʵ⾳Ȼѣɳг۳ҡ
ʦҲûбѡַЦҡͷ˵͸оĵĿ⿴ʦǺˣôܻῴַ㣬ϵûУΪǱġ
ΪǣԸʱɡ
ƽͣҲû˵ַʲô
죿ַ£ƺѩʥԺ֮հɡ
ʦ𡣡ַЦҡͷ
˺òҪȻʦˣαػҪƤˡ
һ׵ַɫһȺҲָָ㡣
ַҡҡͷһЦٴοڵʦٸһλᡣ
꿴ַĿһ˿ɫʣ˵ִźʹ˿̵ı֣Ӧ޷ͨԲŶԣҽһλᡣ


0118 ʥԺ
ʿ档
ַ㣬ʧܣ˵𣬱Լ뿪ַûС
ң˶ĿʱɺЦٸһλᣬЦУ治ں
ŻΪַ㲻ǲҪϣִţִ֮ˣܼ֣־֮ܲں
Ⱥ΢ЩȣʦȻԸٸַһλᣬʦƺЩַ㡣
лʦ
ַ΢΢ͷʦҲ˿˿øУƽ׽ˡĿͣûаư֮⡣
ҿʼˣһΣֻһ˻õ
국˵һ漴ٶȴ˵һΣȺûʦȻܹȫַĶС

Ⱥаһǰʦûǰ¶һ֡
ʱַоУҪ۾⾳С
飬ȻԶֻҪұһ˿״̬޷󡣡
ַ㰵һһĮϢʸϣԴޱѣΧһУֱӡ뵽ԺС
Ȼɣַ㲻ΪǸɾſţһƿճĿŵʦ
꿴ַĿ⾹ܹͨ͸ɵ΢Щ죬任ַеӵѸݣֱ顣
ַɡ
峺Ŀ⣬ʼտʦûаҪ֮⾳ļ
ָֻϷ裬һӰ
ܿ㷢ַ֣޶ԡ
Ƭ̺ϸһ˿ЦݣҲĻգͣ¡
ʲô֣꿴ַ㣬һ
ַ㡣
û˵ѣͨˡ
ٶ˵Ⱥһַͣ㣬ͨˣô£
һΣʦȻ˲þͣ£ַûн״̬Ǻ⣿
лʦһᡣ
ַЦŻӦԷᣬҲûа취
ʦô£ղˣΪ˵ͨ˲ԣ
һ粽ǰӣʵղַƤ
ֹͨԣûҵӰ죬̸ξѣԼģһѧԺ⼸꣬һǵһ
΢΢ҡͷȴһ˿Ц⡣
޷Ӱ죿Ⱥһ㶣һȻĿַ㣬һ
ʰѩҲĿ죬ܹ
۾漴Դߵַǰ˵Բ˵ף㣬˵ô죬⡣
ַ̧ͷǰĴͷбе˿˿ŭҲʧ
һӦǺͺһˣֱڿ죬ʵûʲô˼Ҹҵ
ַ˿˿⣬ǡκ
ղ˵ʲôˡ
ַ΢Ц˵ǿ£漴һЦǴֺơ
Ԭɽ
ַ㡣
ַ֣ɽգһЦ
ִšļᡢؽ㣬ʵǽ֮š
һԵ갵ͷպã漴˵ַ㣬ѧ٣ҡ
˵꣬תƮȻȥȻȺ
ַҲ£漴¶һ˿ЦݣƮȻȥıӰʦʱɱҷ
˿ַ㣬Ŀжһ˿Ľ֮ɫޣһصޣޣǳֲָҷ
ַ㣬ϲ㣬ʦѧء
ʰѩǰַЦ
ַҡͷЦ
ƺҲ̫˵㡣ʰѩȤҲһѧԺ֮ˣȴȥסء
á
ҲȥԬɽ
УҲǸһȥϤһ¡
ʰѩһˣһűУ߽űַ̧ͷ΢űжʮߣ汻Χмǿŵģȴһĸ͹űͬߣΪ׳ۡ
ܵķݶһѧԺӾס֮ãмȥѡǵסɡ
ʮĹűõĵط߽࣬ȥַ㷢֣ÿһȴ֮󣬶Ǳж죬ӵкü䷿ݣԼ޴Ŀ
סĵطһûʲôر֮ѡû˾סıˣҪסΪŮסϲòҪûо˵ͬ˽Խ˵סأΨһĽɡ
ַ˵ͷǶסûʲôҪ󣬼ѡһõסǿסڸڣ໥Ӧ
ҾסɡַָָһʯţϺͶηѡַڵķ䣬Ԭɽڶηĸڡ
ôѡ
ַ㿴飬ʵ
ﲻкü䷿𣬸һˡ
鵭˵ƽȴַһȻ
ʰѩЦЦĿַ㣬ټƯַоڣʲô񡭡
ⲻԬɽˬЦַһۣ֪Ҳ˵
Ҳԣܹչ˵㡣
ַ˵һöηһȻĿַ㣬չ㣿
ַȻηֹһ⻰ǲ˵ġ
סһĻÿӦܺҽʮ°ɡ
૵һַһûֱˤúݵŮˡ

ڶ峿һѧԺ½գȴࡣ
ʳǣгһޱȿĹ㳡УȺ飬һۿߣңȺڲϸ
ڹ㳡֮һɵĴţ棬żޱȰԵ壬ѩ¡ʥԺ
գѩʥԺĴ֮գѩ¹֮˵õϢ󶼷׷ˣϣܹлѩʥԺҲЩˣΪ˼֤һѩ¹ʢ£Ӱѩ¹˵ʢ¡
һգעǲƽһա


0119 
ѩʥԺһѧԺˡ
ȺУַͭߣΧɽ˺а
˶ַߣʰѩԬɽҲַһҲ֪ѩʥԺֳĶ
Ͽַϵͭߣɻ󣬼ȻַǴߣȻ뱻ϳҲ֪ƺڣ׷ʲô
⽥ĴƲһƹߣȺϣ˿˿ů⡣
ǳˣ硣
ʱһ˷ȺĿȥͿѩʥԺĴ֮ڣһӢˬӰ߳
һȫѩɫĳۣϵѩ¶֣ǳƯ
ټȺ뻮һķΣһӾĳ
һ˴Լмڣһǳᣬܿ죬Ǳ߳ѩµĴţ˹㳡ǰ̤Žݣ˹㳡ĸ̨
ЩĿ⵭ĮȺһжŵĸ߰ǣѩʥԺһָѡӸѡʱվڸ̨֮ϣĿҫж̲ס˿˿Ժĸо
ַ㿴Ÿ̨ϵЩӰ֮ͭµñĮЩУвϤӰ
ɽҡ
ǰƺڵĶƺصΪδڣƺڱǣȴվ˸̨֮ϣһҫ
ң⣬ַ㻹һЩƺڵĵӰʯϵĵӣͶ˶ǣûĻᡣ
ƺڣҲһЩЩȺУ磬ַ󲮵һԶŮڵܷԼѩɽׯֺ꣬Ͷ档
壬㿴ܷܷͺѾѩʥԺĵӣҫޱȣسɴҫּңּҳΪݳǿļ壬ûҡ
ʱȺĳطַĴְԵȻ˵ߣּ֮ˣ̫ϳҲˡ
ҹȻûпܷܷͺԺּң͵ÿˡ
Ц˵ְԵǳְԵӵôһ˫ŮƾӹˮǴߡ
ֻҲˣŮҲѩʥԺӣ˲ˬ
ְԵɨһȺĳطͬһݳȺݳǳҵȺ
α⣬ּ˽ʥԺǲһˣƾܷܷ츳»᲻ﲻɡ
˵ȻְԵЦˬޱȡ
ʱǵԶַЩȻĿְԵּ֮˵ӰǣȻݳǸˡ
ְԵ˵УȻںѩʥԺݣΪǷǳ˲ޱȵԺȻȴּ֪ҵУһˣǼ룬ȴȻܾƺһģƴűȫ
ֻˣȴּ˼塣
˶ѩʥԺĳޱҡ
ʱһˬʵԶԶֻһӰԶ̤ܿ˸̨վǰ
ǳмˣ˶ǺͶκ⣬˭
ԹȻ٣ѩʥԺֱӹܡȺͷգдѩʥԺϢѧԺ쵼ߣܻҲүǣȷ
λǧҶĳҲ˵գѩʥԺ֮գʥԺӣ侳ʵ꣬ԿɱȻ󵱳ѡΣȷѩʥԺֻҪܹʥԺƷ似ѡߣܹѡƷĹ似
˵ʱͷһɲô׵õģƷ似ҪΪŵĵӣܹãԼߵĴȥȡƷĹ似ѵõЩŵУҲ׸
һ仰ɳջֻǣȻ͵ż侳ѩʥԺ
⣬ĳһҪλҺˣҲڽʽѩʥԺ
ǵǺ˿˿Ц⣬Ⱥ²ˣǻ˭
ǵ϶˷ǳ
λɡ
Ǵ˵ʱһɺء
ǵů⣬·һ̱ڵסգƮŵѩһӰѩ֮УĽ䡣
ѩӣ
ȺһޱȣȻѩӣѩɽׯǿӣ˴֮һѩӣҪѩʥԺ
Ⱥ𾪵ͬʱͻȻХѩҵķ裬ڲ֮ϣһڵ㣬һӰӣȺߵУӰӣչ
ӣ
ͫһȺԸӣ˴еѩӺʹӣҪһѩʥԺʵ̫벻ˡ
ӳչĶӣȻҪΪѩʥԺĵӣ
ԭѩӺʹʳǣȻΪ˼ѩʥԺ
ôֱʣһУ
Ⱥ۷׷ףѩʥԺȻĴ֮վ͸˸С⡣
ѩӺʹӽڶǵңһĻζŴӴ֮ѩʥԺӵӣͻұȼ硣
΢΢һЦ˫ֻ˽
ڣѩʥԺʽҶǣΪһԺ
һȵĺԶԶĴݳȥȺĶĤ
ңѩʥԺһ֮ȺУͻأĳ֣ŽɫУϡ
׼ңѩʥԺ
ӼңѩʥԺ
ȼңѩʥԺ

һ˷ȺУ˸֣ƺǵȴƬ̺󣬹㳡ǰվ˹صȺ
ǵǣ¶һ˿ŨŨЦ⡣
ĳлλˡա
ǴһӣɣȺ߳Щ


0120 
Щ֮ˣΪʳǹ壬ҲʾˣѩʥԺվŵģǻҡ
ԾԾԣվ齨ʥԺԲ˵Ȼǿޱȣ̤Уγѩ¡
֮˽£صȺУЦȺ֪һ͸ʥԺˡ
Ȼʱ֮ϣһХ֮ƿնȺоԼͷһޱϢǵĿ΢̧Ͷ

֮ϣһʸǣʶһѤĻߣŸ̨֮ϵȥ
ô£
Ⱥ㶼̣Ȼ˸ĿŵԼʸʥԺ֮գ̫ˡ
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ַܲǺ⣬ƽҡҡͷȻһжѾ͸ο໹Ҫʳǡ
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ַҡҡͷŲǰߵߣĿ⿴ǡ
ѩʥԺҿɷ̼⣿
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ʥࡢ߹ΪʥѩʥԺȡʥԺָ֮ѩʥԺλĸ߹ݵʥࡣǻӦ
ԭˡַ΢΢ͷȻָѩʥԺȺУΪ֮ˡǱѩɽׯ֮ˣǱƺȺڣǶѩʥԺĵӣ˼һЩŵΪ߹󣬽Щ֮ѩʥԺΪʥ࣬𣿡
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ַǳĬٶȿڣû˵һ֣ǵɫԽ֡
һ죬÷ĻԶԣ


0121 Ŀ
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⣬Ͳܻش
ԭˣȻ˵ŽѩʥԺƺڣմʥԺޱȣӦ֪ƺŰɣ
ַʵʱǿʼĬˣٽ졣
شҲûùϵƺڵĵ˽֮᲻֪УĴֱԸѩ¹˲űȻ޷Ųʣر˳ֻعĻһְأɱʳǣȻ֮ôļƻôֶΣ㲽ΪӪ˾ƣҪıѩ¹ĶǺ⣿
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֮ʲôʸǱҪҽ֮λҲԸͨʿ𡣡
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Ҳ˲䣬ѪХ뿪ְԵ˽üͷ˼ǵĿ⣡


0122 ѩ
ãŵﱼڡ
ʱƥѪٶȽ仺
ַ㿴ŹŵԣɫϵڿƣŵΧһĴ䣬ҶС⼸죬һ·ˡ
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гǡС˶ϳ
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ַ㿴ԽԽĳǳأаѪٶ죬ҹ·ʱ䣬ѩ¹ԱĶгǡ
˿;ǵǵ˶гǣҪֱ룬Ѫɺӡ
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ǣں
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½޾д۹򣬶ѩ¹ѩ򡣡ַ㻺˵ѩӵʮңĴƷ۹Ŵȣ֮ѩ¹ǾŹ֮һƷ۹Ʋϡ
ַ΢ǵһ˵ѩʮѩ¹ѩ򣬶ʲôǷں嫴½أ
ѩŹĴƷ۹ѩ¹ҲͬˣһͬƷ۹ɽ۹ĹĦϣгһߵĦԽĴ۹Ӳ֮Ħ㵽ʱǶһᣬǿʳߴ½ķ򡣡
Ĵ۹ÿʮʱ䣬ڸѡһЩ츳ڵĺӵܣμһѩĴȣѩʮŵս˵ʤߣܹĺôܹ̤һؾУʵΪңĴ۹Ӹѡ˲ȡ˺õĳɼǸҲܹõܶôøǿ
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ųǽ֮ϵһӰ³һ͸һ޷УЩˣˣϡ
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0123 
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һԵڣ漴ָָԶһǵ·һľɽһ룬м䣬һ϶ȻƺԱɽһмƣҲǰĵط
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0124 
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ҪܺһԼߵĸģסԸԼסһ飬ַ㵹ʲôơַúѼԦ
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ַ̾Ϣһ

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ףȥɡ
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չ˺Լתͷ񱼣ûٿһۡ
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С㣬һ·ء
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ѪϵȺͬʱȣ漴Ҳ뿪׷Ӱȥ
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գ˵ƺˣʦ缸ȴڵһУ뿪ƺڣֵƺڱţԲƺڡ
˵꣬ĸ׺һڶĿУж彥УֱʱȴɱУĸһ۶ûмԲĸס
˵ս²ϣûʱչңȥƺڣҪҴ߸ߣûоһ׵ΣԲŮ
˵ʮʿսһһ񣬵ֵܣֻв֮֮ˣѻڶ֮⣬úõĻţȴʿʬǶ޷û磬ԲǧѪʿ
ַ㾲ţޱȸӣоЩζ
ҵȻ֪ΪʲôҪߣΪңʵ֪ûжԲ˭ǣ֪ѩ£Բ
ַƵĻ̧ͷ֮ϡ
ѩ£ֹǶԲԲ֣̫ˣ
ַӵ̫֮ʵҪ嵽ΡʳȥʣЩ˵ģģ
ΨʵܸıˣΨǿʵһгߣּ䣬ܸһ
ַ㣬Ӳʵ֮أգ̤Ǭʾ
޵ĻͿ޳ɡ
عַ㿴һۣ˵
֮䣬ȫȫѹǰŮϣŮʮ껪
ַĻƵУˮ޷ֹס˳գ¡
Ƭ̣֮Ƶд
Ƶ壬΢΢ǰ㣬·Ҫʲôſ£ʹһ
ַ¶һ˿ЦŮվŮˣοŮ˴ѹԽѹ
ǰַһԾԾƵ£ҽá
ƻعͷʵ˫Ѿˮַһۣ漴·ʲôǣֱӵַĻУʹ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãڰ
̧ͷƿַһۣɫ֮ͽ֮Σ

ַ۾һһ㶵ģŮ˷Ȼȷ黹죬ԭҲͨġ
òĳ˵һİɡ
ַƵֹһƺݺݵĵһۣ㻹ȥ
ȥȥôȰϵĺۼŪɾ˵ɡ
ַЦЦһԾصԼĳѪ֮ϡ
ĨĨ۽ǵۣϾһĨ糺֮ɫͷȥûַ㿴
߰ɡ
Ʊַ˵һ漴һѪ·֪˵˼ɱ
ַЦЦ̤׷ϣвɵΡ
ҪĻƺѶȰ
ãĹŵ֮ϣһŮݿ񱼣ӿʣŮò̤裬ɽ续


0125 ײĿ
һѧԺƥѪѧԺ֮⡣
˴ΣַǰгǣһؼͣѾʮʱȥһѧԺ˵ĹҲѽ
ѧԺǰȺ߶ĿͶѪϵˣ̲ס࿴ۣǿ֮ʱ
һƿѧԺĴţַʵʲô
ȻΪַƵǽȥɡ
ûƼţңУҲһƵַһۣ㲻ͽ˰ɡ
Ϊ֮ŮȻ֪һѧԺ
ҲûмһңȥҲҪʲôƼšַҡҡͷȻƵ⣬ƺô೤Ϊ˿ͽѧԺƺ
㸸ҵĻַûзӦ̲סʹɱﵣ漴һѧԺڶȥ
ƵַһıӰһۣȻҲϣǣȻ˳ĸַһѧԺڣûκε谭
ôġ׷ַʵһѧԺ̤㣬ûΪԼʲô⣬ܹ׾ٵ߽ѧԺڣΨһĽ;ַ㣬ҸղַԼҲ˵ˣȥҪƼš
Ҳ˭ˡַȤ˵һɣݺɨš
ʲôû˵ָ㣬顣
ַܱĵĿһۣŮˣ˰ɡ
⻰ûѪַһ飬Ļ쵰
һ߽һҲĽΡ롢𺳡
ַ㾶ֱ˹űסʵӦ֪һѧԺϵɣ
֪ͨ׵ĻǽϵϵɱϵڶгǣҸ׵ľУвٽϵͰɱϵˣҲǴһѧԺ߳ȥģսܷӺܴãңѾв˳Ϊ˳Ѫ
ַ¶ԾɫƵѪ׵͸
ѪƣһѧԺĻ֮գݾһ㣬ܾܿǻˣ˭֪Ļ֮ûпЩ߳ȥһѧԺӡ
ÿ׳յַ㣬ãҸ𣿡
ַЦû֪һ͸Ҳܿ˲ŲãսϣЩ˶ǾӢܷӴá
ǽϵסĵطȻҶ㲻һѧԺ֮ˣ٣ǿԺһܽϵѵ
оȣַ֪ģһҲ˵Ҳʣֻ΢΢ͷ
ߵԼ棬ԬɽͶηʲôַƹɵһ㶡
ִ磡
ֵַܡ
˶һ漴Ŀ΢΢ƣԬɽмַһ
ִ磬λǣηжַҲǳݵĺܣһ˾Ȼסһ飬ôһȥִһλŮӻ
ƣ
ηһ߹ַ㾹һ¶һ˿
ƺ֮ʱƾŮˣ׷ƺڸû뵽ţңȻַߵһ𡭡
ַѩʥԺһĻ󣬲һ뿪
ƣ֮Ů
ַ˵һü˵Ŀһ
ƯŮӣŮѹַһˡ
ϸǾȣԭƣŮ
áԬɽƵĿЩһм𾴣֮һֱ𾴵ˣϧֻһ֮Ե޲õʱҲ׷ַȥԬɽϵˣܶ˵ż񣬶
˭ѪȾۣسǽ
˭ֳǧɱף
Ĵ棬ÿһѪѪҺڡ
ƣŮ
ƿԬɽеĿȣȴһưˣ˶ֻӢʷ裬˭֪Ϊ֮˶٣˭˽֮䡣
ַ㣬ȥϢһ¡
ƽ˵һַ㰵̾Ů˻ûлָء
ﻹõʯңȥѡһɡַ˵
ãסĵطϢһ¡
ư˵ü˵Ŀһ
ַҲһѶģŮġ
Դַĵⲻ̫ðɣһʯҰɡ
Ҳ⣬ʲôưַһۣסġ
ַΣָָԼס
ȴڴʱֻԬɽһַסʯǰҡͷǻһطɡ
ַԬɽԼסʯǰɵ㶣¶ɵɫȴһԵĶη;ϺͬĵͷƺҲ޳ȥַסʯϢ
һĻɻַԼоЩֵֹġ
ˣҾ͵Ϣ
ǰԬɽһĿЦ漴ŲƿֵַܣȽȥΪá
áַɵĵ˵ͷƿʯҵĴţУַ
˭
ڴʱһϢַоҪסޱѹ֣Ͼ
ÿֲʵ
ַо̾ԬɽΪƣһȻԼУ治尡
ҡ
ַ㺰һǹ˲ʧӰ
ַͬͷ𺳣ǿʵղǹѹԽѹ
ʯԬɽЦַ㣬ϴνȥҪַûУֱӱǹ˳ڶ£ʥӵŮˣҲַǼһܼԦˡ
ôôòŻ
һĮһ䷿˳
£ɴϣɴǹʥ֮⣬ʳ˼̻
ŮǺƯŮˡ
飬Ƶͫײɵ΢΢һ
ͬʱҲƣǼٲ£üͷ΢£


0126 ʹ
ܿƿˣƽĿַһۣ漴תСݵš
ķӦַЦѣǵĮ۾УַҲʲôȲ˼
ַ㡭쵰
ҧ촽Ŀо˿˿ίɫԹĿַһۣ漴߳ʯҡ

ַͷǺߣȫʣղԹܲ⣬Ů˲ϺԼôԼѵϲԼˣ
벻׵ַΨпЦѹֱ˶Ůġ롣
ַȻƵ˼ƶԣиַʱƾѾ׸׵ˣǽ׵Ľַ㡣
δ֪ģҲַֻ㣬Ȼַйìܣַ֮ıԼѾһж⣬ƺ⵽ŵһգַӰƵԺС
٣ƶַѾкøеģˣŻԸܸ׵İţַǱʶУѾַһֺ΢ĸоƲɻȥַסĵطϢ
ƽŵĵһۣһŮˣʣҷǳƯŮˣǧٿ׵ģһ޷ܣŶ
ֵַܣȥȰǸȥ׷Ǹ
վʯԬɽ˵һַߡ
׷ưɡַֹһƻԶûдлָ鲻Ǻȶַ㵹Щġ
Ųһ磬ַӿֱӷԾ£ƵӰȥŮƺȻһԵľűߡ
ַ첽ȥ׷֮ʱѾڹű֮⡣
Ҹʲô
ƵԸԼַһۣĿģַо⡣
ַУһɹֵֹĸоΪˣûȻҲûܹĸоʱַƺ˿˿΢֮С
ûд𻰣ַֻǽƣͣš
㻰
ƺܲˬĵַ
ַ۾ƣ˸ͣĿһһʲôأ
㣬ϲ˰ɣ
ַԴ˵һ
ƵĽŲһ򣬲ˤع۾һգգĿַ㣬漴Ц
ϲ㣿ΰɡ
䵭ĻӦһתߣŲӿ࣬ģȻ˵Ƶʼӿ졣
ƣûָо
ô
ַ۾ţѵԼˣ
ƣվס
ַͻȻƵıӰһƵĽŲһͣͣ
Ӧʲôһعͷ
ַܲ˵
ƹȻعҧгݵĿַ㣬쵰ѹ
ʱַֻ󲽿絽ߣһץסֱۣһȥ
ַţ΢΢£޷ѣҲͷݺݵĵַ㣬쵰ȻҶԼ
һ㻹Һ۸
ַоŵ˳аԵ⣬ȻԸŮ˻Ҫһ㡣
ȻҲÿԸ˭ҶᣬƻᱻһȷɵŮ˾Ͳóȥȡ
ʱԬɽη˿ֱַӽ˻ƺ˳ûһɴ۾ַޱȣǿˡ
סʯкü䷿ѡһסԸĻھԱסɡ
ַſƵ֣˵
˭Ҫס쵰ķ䡣
ƺݺݵĵַ㣬ŲֱžԱߵʯȥַ˿ƽŮˡ
ԼչԺеǺӹˡ
ҡҡͷַ粽߽Լסʯҡ
ķǰַ÷š
ĬƬ̣漴˳ҪϢˣ㻹ȥɡ

ַЦѵʳ˼̻飬ҲԴף
ַ㻹治Ұգ˵ĸоʼ䵭ģһϾıɽԶ֪ʲô
˵ҪϢߡ
䵱Уһַһ
ô£ôˣ
Ȼǰģûйʲô仯ƽ˿̣ȴƺЩŭ
顭ַ㻹˵ȴֱӽϣȵߣ
ԣ
ַ˸һʲôԡ
ûԥֱַƷţȴûƿ˩סˡ
͵һ֨һſַĽŲֱӿ˽ȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ַ͸оһɱ̹ǵĺӭ·Ҫ嶼ס
ɺ⣬̫ˡ
Ҹµǣʱ䵱УǿҴ̹ǵĺ⡣
ĿУ·Ʈһ㺮˪ޱȱ䡣
ַͫһĿڷɨһۣգż򵥵Ĵϡ
ֻʱŴϣַ𾪵ǣ壬ȻǣͣĲţϣҲһ㺮˪
ķ˿˿̾˪Ⱦɫ
ô£
ַͷ͵һֻ̧ͷһۣΪ̫䣬ǲ촽ûٷ
飬ǣôˣ
ַŲ͵Ŀߵǰȴڴʱһޱĺ·Ҫַ嶼
̫ˣ⣬Ǵͷųġ
ߣҪ
峯Ų£ΡΡ˵
ַкݺݵĳ鴤£оʹ˸ղŽʯ֮ʱӷͷŵĺ⣬ɺ⡣
ʱѾּȺ״̬Уװ£߳˷䣬һǹɺⶼ
飬֪
Ųһ磬ַأһƱ˪˲˳壬ҶϣҲһ˪ǣΪ΢΢š
ַ壬ǰ㣬Ŀ⣬Ȼᶨ


0127 
ַԽ飬͸оɺԽǿңָҪʱ򣬷ָס
ߡ
΢ЩɳƣϵĺÿһʱͻȥַĻоܡ
ɵϣÿζ㱣ңҶûӡ
ַ۽¶һ˿Ц⣬īüȫɫ
ʱַϣǿ嫵Ԫ֮ͷųֿɺ⣬֮һЩ
ַ壬Ҳԡ
鿴ýӲַȴɺЦݣɫӣǺòĮĿ⣬˿˿ڻ֮⡣
ɲҪռˡ
ַЦ£˫ӵ뻳Уʱһɴ̹ǵı嶼ýӲסˡ
䡢壬һǧĺϢ
΢ַܣһЩԪʯЩǴʯӵеģƺڵĹŵڣַҲ˲١
Ԫͷţַ΢գ⣬ǹӵĸоٴθ֣һΣɫȴѩ磬ޱȺ䡣
̡
ͷŵַ˲״̬忪ʼΧԪʯ֮ϵԪͷԪͬʱڷԪͬʱ飬ȴ˿ңǿ֮
Ľë£ŽߵݣҲٶˣǣݵͬʱͷԼȥϮϵĺ
ʱ仺ţַϵĺԽԽ࣬Ѿ嶼סͷԼԪٶȶ࣬ԵԪʯȻѾ˴롣
ɵ״̬УַܹоԼ״̬ԽԽԪϵֲ䣬ڣԪͷѾ޷ֿɺˣֻɺ⿪ʼϵϮ塣
Ĳ˺ܶ࣬˶˵ַĻУ˿̵˪ʥŮӣֻһͨҪǻŮϧ
䡣
⿪ʼϮַ壬ԪƺѾֿסɺ⣬͸ַļҪַѪҺУҪȫȫĶ
УһҪȥ
ַоƺѾһЩҧҧʱ򣬹⿿־ȫģĺ⣬뵽ַѪҺУַȻһӲסˡ
⿪ʼ͸ѪҺϮڸȻʱַһθоļ¶Ϥļ¶
꣬ꡣ
ַͷͲһںڷУЩɥڻħ޵Уĳֽħ޷ɣʱַоļ¶һμΪƣʱļ¶
꣬ˡ
ַиһ΢ʱӰ֣֮һΣʱӰʵҲ˲١
𣡡
ַֻ߻˻һſǾ޴죬˲䣬޾ϵı븹ڣǹɺҲϵ˳߻챻ɵ
꣬⺮Ҳ̡
ַͫһĲ̫ˣֻ߻죬ź
ӵ뵽Уеĺ⣬ԽԽˡ
ַһƺӰĸ֣ɺӰɢĺԽԽǿңȴ޷Ӱ쵽ַ飬Ϊַơ
꣬ȡ˻ħꣿ
ַ죬Ȼϴһ߻ĳַͻᵮһ꣬ꡣ
һ߻ɵǻħޣĵǻħ꣬һΣΪɵǺ֮Ȼֵ˺꣬ȡ˻ħꡣ
ʵ̫ˣ꣬ǿַ㶼оЩ¡
߻ɣռĺԽԽ٣ַĺ꣬ȴԽԽң߻ϢҲڲϵ׳
ڣռĺ⳹׵ʧʱ壬Ҳ纮䣬Ѿʼһ˿ů⡣
ֻǴʱ龹Ȼδɽ˳˯Уһֱͺ֮Կ̫ˣҪһЩϢ
˯еˣַ͵ЦЦһ̼ȫʧӰ
ҵʵֱǿˡ
ַԼ˿̵״̬΢΢һЦȻûܺϴһߵľ磬ܹǰһַѾˣܺʹࡣ
ûȥ飬ַ΢΢ϣԪʯ֮ϵĴԪʼ
ӴԽַ࣬ԽԼʵ㣬Ҫ
ѩһѩ¹ҪΪӪ̸̽£ʵСĴۡ
֪˶ãĽë˶漴ĤſΧĺѾʧ壬ůĻС
£˿˿֮ɫ漴ȴַڱ۾鲻ɵһ㶡
·ʲôַҲֹͣ۾ɾ峺Ŀ⿴飬¶һ˿õЦݡ
ˡ
˵ͷַĿ֮ɫôġ
Ůڻ𣬺ҲˣȻ󣬾ͳˡ
ַһЦһۣô׵ĻҲҪôʹˡ
ȻеĺԶûܵɲַܹģַ־㣬Ȼֵܵסǹɺ⣬ڣַȴˡ
ȻӣҲûöʣַ˵㻹ʲô

ַ㷭˷ۣŮ˲ᶼôݰɣһˣ̫ɶˡ
ҵ£š
ַ˵Щ㡣
û˺⣬ǲǻҪң۾ֱַ㣬ֵָĮֱʵ

ַͷߣ漴˴Ȼ뿪ķ䣬Ůˡôôأ
ȵַߺûпǵ飬Ͼһ˿糺죬һ̵Ĳǣ


0128 Ԫ
ϵȺסĹűмһߴʮһصĸΪ֮ӵ֮
һѧԺϵԼɱϵҲһλһѧԺ䳡ϣҲߵһ
ַ㣬㲻ڵļ죬ѧԺʦ´ĵһָҪʱ䡣
ʱַվ·ͷ׳ֻԬɽ˵·˵һԪӵޱԴԴԪνĵ֮Ԫ֮ϣڵÿһһ󷨵ļӳ֣ӵбŨ౶Ԫǳʺ
ԪһѧԺȻռĴ޽ôֱʡ
ַվԱߵĵ֮ϣܹоǹȵԪһ
ȻǻסĹ͢ԺһѧԺӵеԪģ촴ѩʥԺҲֻԪѣһǿռеģڻʳ֮طҵԪЩŶˣʳǣΪԪ࣬ǿ߶ڴˡ
ַ΢΢ͷԪ֮أǵƺڣûһԪ
һѧԺҪֲ
ַаһѧԺԣʵ㣬ΪյӵķʽԼˡ
ӵƼŲܽѧԺⱾһƣѧԺˣ̤ܶսԼΪ֪̿ͣ
һ˲Уֻڵһ㵹ǱȽϿмһյأķа˼ңڷ״̬á
ַվĵ֮ϣܹĸܵ´ǹԪֲܿ
ȥɣĵһصʮأ϶ûǵķݣҪĵʮһߡ
Ԭɽַ˵ԽԽãԽԽá
ΪԽ棬ԽԪԪȻԽλŨԽϣԪԽ
ַĿ£漴˵ͷмĽݣĸ߲ȥ
ԽϣԪϡռ䶼ԽԽխˣյСʯҵҲС
ʮصʱַ㷢ǰҴСֻܹ˵壬Ҫܲ㣬мĿյأҲֻܹɶʮң͵һĿȣ̫ˡ
ңⱾͲĿյϣһǣš
Ǹʲô
ַĿһ˿ɻɫʮ㣬һǿŵģûˣҲȥȴҪ档
Ԭɽһ˸漴һҪԪʯвϲûԪʯ˵УȴԸóҪñ˵ġ
ԬɽЩˬַĿ΢΢һñ˵ģ
ǵȵԪʯҺҡ
Ԭɽ䵭˵һǱĿǵĺͻȻâ˸Ԭɽɨӡ
Ȼ֪αҪ˵ЩϻһңñãõĻȥ
ֵΪ
ַ˵Ŀ΢΢һվԵľ˵Ԭɽ£ѧԺͲ𣿡
ð׳յĿ⿴˾һۣѧԺܣǿЦ
ϣϿȵŻ𣿡
ַ˵һ΢΢ͷѧԺţΪõӱǿһЩԹìܣǱǿĶǿʳ磬˭ȥôࡣ
ǹ
겻ͷ˵һ˿мɫ⼸ضһѧԺˡ
ַ㣬ڵʮصȱ˽ʵӦ侳أȥɡ
Ԭɽַ˵һ鲢ûиԬɽΪԼһпԷʵȻʵˣǱȥ
ַȴվǣһĿ˸
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ַ㣬Ҫ嶯
Ԭɽ˵Ҫ֮ã£ٿƷԪʯǸ֣ڶòֻܵ˵ңң޷һ֮á
û£
ַһĨɫȻԷҪҵĻǾͿûʵˡ
Ųַ̧ߵԣһ޹Ԫʯۡ
ԪʯǶͿ𣿡
ַԬɽһ
Ԭɽ΢΢ͷԣÿһҶ󷨼ӳֻ֣ҪԪʯ밼۵Уܼ󷨣СĴۣеԪҵԪΪŨʺ
ֶΣַ΢΢ͷԬɽ£ҪöԪʯά󷨡
صʮصңÿƷԪʯ
ٿƷԪʯ
ַЦ£ȻǮԪʯҪ侳˲ŻõôԪʯɲôóġ
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ƷԪʯ
ַ㣬ȻӵƷԪʯ
ƷԪʯӦûɣ
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ȻһƷԪʯ൱һٿƷԪʯҸ⣬̶ܹȵļԪ󷨡Ԭɽͷ
һԵĺ꣬â˸¶һ̰ɫ
ƷԪʯóһңְɣ


0129 Եַ
ַ㲢ṵ̂Ŀ⣬Ц£漴ƷԪʯֱǶ뵽Ԫʯ۵С
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зâ߽Ŀⶢʯš
ַôڣҲܵ
ңֻʺһ˶Ļ໥š
ԬɽŲ΢磬ַ˵Ĳ棬ĿⲻƵĶźӣǶԷҪҵĻ㲻УҲֻܳˡ
ƷԪʯǷǳ
¡¡
΢ĺâ˸ҵʯŴ򿪡
һȻʯŶȥŵǰԬɽֱӻӳһƣĵ
һϢ֮жʱԬɽӭԬɽɫ䣬Ȼ侳أңǷǳ侳ء
Ԭɽ֪һƣӲס
ȥ
ʱһĮʱҵ¶Ⱦ罵ޱȡ
ĺ⣬Ԭɽ˸̫ˣ·Ҫ
ǣ
һײ֮漴ԬɽͿӵ˻ȥǰȻվһӰַ㣡
ַ㣬ǿ
Ԭɽͫ𾪣û뵽ַһ֮Ȼˣѹַ㲻ںԷҪңԭǿʵϡ
ӵͬǣѩ׵ƣһ˪ǣƶ΢΢ţú
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ˣɲеôöԸȻҲӵ侳صʵ
ڡ
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һӵһŻӿȻ𾪵ǣɻɫ浱УһİĺɫһļµϢ
ҵ֮꣬𡣡
˵ʱĿУһƺɫĻ棬Ʈҡ˸ţ˳֮⣬Ϣ
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ԬɽĿ΢ڴ½УΪܶ࣬Ӵ֣
֮𣬾ڰǳͨĻǿܶ࣬꾹ȻǺ֮ټ侳ؾʵĵʮ͸߲㣬ȷʵǿˡ
ַɫ䣬һ㺮֮ϲխĿռ䣬ø䣬衣
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ַ³һŲһɣʱʵʣᣬɫıϵĳǰӣַ󣬱ѩôĺ䡣
վַԬɽˣ͸оԼһɽУ嶼ڷ
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Ԭɽ૵漴ҡҡͷԣⲻͨĺ꣬꣬ûô䡣
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ַܵϴĺ⣬ɫҲͬˣ⣬ĺ궼ڶ·ڷƮﵱС
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㣬ַҲף˿ɻ鱥ʹĺǴȻ˵
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ɡ
Ŀһ֮͵˳ںһ飬һɵĺڰ֮𣬳Ǳӡ
񱩶ĻŰ֮ҲݣַŲһ磬Ľӿɱ֮ơ
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뽣ͬʱ˳һ̵ĺֻ꣬޾ʹɱ⾳У궼ڲ
ôܣǺ꣬ôͷǿĽԣǡ֮ƣ
˼ҪַŲٶ̤֮ʱоԼ嶼鸡ʱܱ塣

ַǵУһ³ʱһֱӴк塣
Ѫ䣬ƺһŲˣײһҵʯ֮ϡ
ĿĶַ㣬
ң
ַŲ󾪣徹ٵ˸ֱӴӽϷԾ£Ӱʧĵʮ㡣
ҵš
һƮַЦˣôϻ
ԬɽַıӰЦҡͷ
ñ̬ļһ
ֺ꣬꣬ĹֶȴƷ˻ӡµǣͷޱǿĽӵнơ
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Ԭɽֻǲ¶һСַ֣㣬ֹ˫꣡
ڶη⾲û̫⣬ʳǵ·;Уַչֵʵ⾳𾪹ˡ
ƣɫûʲô仯һô̬ˣƺ֮գַףַעƽ֮ˣ츳ֲ̫
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֮߳˻Ͳɫ䣬Ҳ˵
ǼңҪˣ
ַɫĮһޱȣ


0130 
ǼңҪˣ
ԵĮַ³ʱӺ䡣
֮ɫ˲û֮߳ʱţĿ˸ɫѿַ㣬ǿ
쵰ö˶˵ܳʲô
аԼһǿļһ浹ù
ʱҲ½򿪣Դַ̽ܵɢϢǵԴ˲˻ȥ²ؼȻȥ鷳
ǲַһɱ¶öԷһ¡
ݺݵɨַһۣ˸ֱ뿪ȥңֻøַˡ
ǿ߰Ե裬ߵ硣
ַ㽫Ϣͷһûչֳʵ֮ǰҪңΪΪС
ղ뿪֮˳ʵã¾Ҫ꣬ΪǿԷң̽Դˣһֶ˻ȥҷһƨǷ
ߵ磬ûʵѺãԴʵǿ󣬼ŰԵҲΪУʵǿǿߣߵĶ𾴡
ԬɽңðɣԼӦҲ׼Ԫʯɣʣʱ䲻£ԼԪʯ
ַعͷԬɽ˵Ԭɽ˵ͷҲ飬ƾַʵҲûá
η;ϵʵҪһЩԪ̫ŨĻôҲ̫һңȥɡַָָԼղŴ򿪵ң˵
η;ϵûʲôȴƶַʵǼңԼأ
㲻ùңԻ
á
΢΢ͷ֮ҡ
˵ţƶ߽˸ղǼʯҡ
ַ֮ŶηԼϼϣĵʮһ͵ʮҲģֱʮ㣬ַǲҵʯңöη;
ʮһ㿪ʼÿʯҡһֻҪһƷԪʯֱַ˵ʯԪзһƷԪʯ㹻һˡ
ҲַапҪҲ̫ˣǴָԼŵԪʯַһƷԪʯûУ˵ƷԪʯ
ѹԽ߲ԽʼпõңϾԸˣʵ̫ǿ侳ؼ£ЩжܻѵԪʯġ
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ͬƷԪʯһ죬ǵԪŨ̶ȾܱʮڲʯڵԪŨ̶Զǵʮܹȵġ
֪ѡĻ˭֪ѡ濿Ԫĵط
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ַ㣬Ȼڴ֮ͥ£˲ǣ˿ַΧԪĲţ˳֫ٺڣȫȫĴ״̬ûܹŵ
һûԪʯҲҪ˰ɣؼʱ̱˴ϣ¡
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·֮˶˽вֹ˽һǣѾ߽Ͳ׼ԴţΪһѧԺõĻ
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˾ۼһʱַԵʯңʯϵԪȺĿһ
ʱ䡢쵽ˣҲ˵ˣҪˣ
ҲͬʱַĿ⣬ͻأΧԪ˲䱻û˽ȥԹ󽥽ʯţһâҲվ
ȺȫһһĻǲַ⣬ǣڵȴʯҿ
ʯҿַз
˶ϵĳ伴ʯңûԸ


0131 жԶԶ
ԪʯԪԪжôŨ
ЩǱַģֻ·Ҫȥ߲㣬ַԵʯҽЩʵõˣͷ⶯Լʲôط
ǴʱֻţܶҵĻٶһɿɡ
ʱʯҵԪڳ׵İһ¡¡촫ȺȫڿһʯҵĴš
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ʱʯҵУһˣҲǣȺó
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ֻΪǶףʱ˭ǰ˭ͻΪʸ֮ģ㲻Χ㻨ԪʯȥڵԪ󷨣ҲΪ¡
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˵ǵ㣬ʮµңûһǺҵģȥѡģŹ㣬ȥʮ
ңȥģɡ
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ǺǣҪҪҵĻҲȽԪɡ
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ڣжԶԶ


0132 ַĽ
жԶԶ
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Ļӱ³ϣӿֳһĽ⣬ǿĽַȥ
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Ϊƾ轣ƣ㹻Ŀһ𣿽ƣɲֻһ˶С
ٶȿڣ֮ʱһɺ嫶ǿĽ˳Ƭռ䣬˽֮Хɱ֮⾳ˡ
ƣ޴ڡǿ󣻽ƣһУɱ
꣬ΪַҪǿ侳Ϊǿߣңַһӵнƣѹ˰Եַ㽫Ԫʯ밼۵УȻв
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ַ㵭Į˵һתŲֱӿڣûԷ
ַĻͷûǻһǶȣַܸ˶Է½־ַϱַۣ㣬㲻ϲֻ̣ǽԷҪģԷ


0133 ƻ
ַʯ֮ڣʱ¡¡΢촫ʯԶرա
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ַȻҪǿҲ򲻴ĵҪһһӡǰ
ʱеַ㲢֪棬Ӱ˿˿⣬ڣֱ˳еĽݣϣֱʮ㣬ǲͣ½Ų
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ʯڣȫ뵽еƣû뵽ᱻţֱþʯţڣ˲죬ǿĻӦƴ״ֱ̬ӾѹƺһѪ

һ޴ʯƵɫһ䣬ĨĨǵѪ
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0134 ɱ
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ַֻһۣ漴̧˽Ųֱ뿪֪ôˡ
ַһߣʱȺ˿Ŀ⻷ң׼ʯңѾַ޹ء
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Ρƶ˶ţ漴С߿Լסȥһ롭
ַ㿴ƵģЦ⣬ǰôûз֣ƢõŮҲôɰһ档
߽ʯҵУַ㲢ûмȥԼסķš

ĮֱַŶ룬漴Ϳڴǰַ߽ˡ
ڷе鲢ûɴǵĳַУַ̲סһθп˵
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0136 ѹ
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0137 ս
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ԣòôңԼ棬֮óʵôҿħӵнʸ񣬻Ǳ΢Դ񡣡
ڶĻ˸ݣַ㣬ħ˵֮ףյľжô޴ĻжôĿЦ
˵꣬ħһӣתȥ
һ仰ڸˣħӦս
Ψº󣬺ݺݵ衢ַ̤㣬ϣҪַ㣬ʹ
źħȥıӰֿ˿ַ㣬Ҳڴ֮⡣
ַҪºħ֮սƾʲô
ħºսУֻúεǿֶΣ֤ǿһضʧ档
£߶ԣָһӼ䣬һαչؾ͵ˡ
߰ɡַ̧˽ŲʰѩˣһһѧԺĴⷽȥ
·;Уʰѩַ㣬˵ħʵ侳۷壬侳֮ˣ޷һս侳أһѧԺûе֣㣬侳ΪҪսʤħѡǳѣ
ַЦЦȻ֪ѣĿ⿴ǰַ㵭ĮĵڣеҪʵǿʵ
ʰѩīɫüͷ΢ЩĿַ㣬սħйϵ
ַֻĿת˵ʵܶʱǱƳģΨвϵȥǿԼԼŻֱǰĶ
ַĻʰѩУһâ˸ÿµ꣬ΪʵԼȥĲ


0138 
ԤеַսħϢϯһѧԺ
ǽϵȺõϢϵͰɱϵҲͬ飬һѧԺǰʮĵӣԶ۾ڶš
⣬Ҳ˿ʼעַ㣬ַ̽ĵϸЩ鿴ַϸ˷ַ֣㣬ͷ·ƾðһͻȻһѧԺƺܵ˸Ժһһ˲Сķˡ
ֵǣǲ鿴ַȥʱȴһж˷ַ㣬ƺкܶݣÿһݣƺЩͺ˹ֽţնˣȥǣߴķ
Ǻߡ˹Ϊ֮ĻôЩ˱̫ˣȻܽһ˵ݺۼĨ
Щַȫ֪顣
˿̵ͬԬɽˣʰѩһѧԺ֮һط
ʵΧǽ߷ַǰģһصСǣûڻʳǵеĳгǣޱߡ
ʵΧǽϵ죬߼ġ
ǽȥɡ
ʰѩַ˵һŲǰСǵĴȥ

ʰѩǲĴ֮ʱԵݹȥһԪʯȻƷԪʯ
ַ㷢֣ʰѩ߽ŵˣԾĽԪʯ
ܿ죬˲˴ŵУַеģһƬãã˺ԼޱߵĵشȫǻԾȺ
ǣ
ַͫһ̫ˣȺ̨ͤ¥ַӡеĹŴУӡеļУǰĳȻҪ̫ࡣ
ǻʳֵĵطû֮һҪκ飬ˣǷܽϣԸʶ䡣
ʰѩַһַԵĿ˸˵ǰֻȴû˵أеĻҪ֣ѹǼҵʵ˱̬ˣǰҲţڣˡ
ַͷˮȴʰѩЦ
ַ㣬жڻԣŮƵζʰѩЦЦĵַ£ԵƣݺݵĵһַۣһЦȴ룬ʰѩ˵ôô
׵ڽԽκνףֻҪ㹻ԪʯԶһһޣһˣ˵֮崿ŮӵĹĹˣУΪ޵ū⣬зǳı߼Ĺ似
ʰѩַϸţַ⶯ˡޡū似͹Щ˵̫ģ˵û˲Щģѹִ˵Ⱥ˵Ķࡣ
ֻҪӵ㹻Ԫʯ͵ӵ޾Դ
ԺʱһҪַаʰѩ˵Щкܶ࣬ŷǳ
˵ū
Ȼߣǲȥ˵ĵһֵطֶ֮أֻһЩԸʶӣŻᾭޣȥĸĵطʱһ˵Ľ򣬻һҲǽϵȥ򡣡
ʰѩ˵ͣ·ǿҪַθڡ
ʲô򣿡Ȼַʵ⽻򣬶ѾܴˣŶҲˣʰѩȴ˵һǽϵȥĵط
ںܶ˿ǽϵ˶ԣ֮أսѪ֮ء
˵
ƿʰѩ
ûǽϵˣҲкܶ಻̤Уĵطʰѩ˵ͷַ㲻ҪԼǿʺ㡣
ַһʵʲôط
֮أȥˣȻʲôط
ʰѩЦ˵漴̧ŲĳȥַҲ棬ѪΣ
֮ǣȻ嫣ַ˵ĲٶȣȻ˰ʱûе
ʱַȴһУֻǰıӰַʲôȫӰˡ
Ƭַ̺ߵǰźԽԽ֣˵һδȦǳ֮⻷ȦڣȱڣһЩݣͨЩߡ
ַ㣬㿴Ⱥмʮ֮ڣңÿ춼ˡʰѩָǰ޾˺ַ˵
ʮ֮ڣ
ַ㵹һÿֲ֣һÿ춼ˣжӴ󣬼
ߵȺĿ϶֮أ˳Ž£ַԶĳ
ڽݵ·һĳأַڵĽǶǿ鳡ؾǰڵص׵ϿȣȺڵĵطǿ̨
Ͽȵƽ֮ϣһޱ߾޴ϿȶУ棬ƺӰڲͣ˸

ַЩֵĺ壬мǰĹڽݿ̨֮ϣ·ūҰھս
˿ַ̳ǰӾҲ
УǾ޴֮ڣÿ춼һս޵ս˵սεУսΨһʤߣſ߳
ַʰѩĻĿһͣÿµĵطѹʰѩ˵ںܶУ
սΨһսζÿһҪˣޡ
һѧԺϵÿһ꣬ȻҲ̤һ߾ʬ壬ϵ𡣡ʰѩޱߵ˵ΨˣŸ̤棬սʿսһпᡣ


0139 ū
̤εУʤ
ȷսһпᡣ
½˶䣬ԣһܹ˶ˣ̤վȥɼ׷־жôǿҡ
Ĺģַһ
ĸ˻еūԼ޵ʵս̨ϵ˿Ըѡ̤һң˶ǺսȻֻʵūޡ൱ͣſ̤εУӵսȨĻǱûˡ
ʰѩַ͵
ַ΢΢ͷȷʵˣǽеʵԶǿū޺ޣսҲûˣ˿ɲɵ¡
УˣˣʤˣܻȡٵԪʯˣΪԪʯʱҲȥнͱǽϵȺͨսԼѪͻƼޣԪʯ֮ȥܹʵõٵȻҲΣա
Σ棬һǿߣ̤ʬǣڴΣƾ
ʰѩдżȻַһ㶣Ů˻ҪƯˣʱ̤أǵһۿԲ
˵ͬʱһ˳Žݲ£ַѾܹĿȫò
һ򳡰СĳأޱȾ޴ֱĳϣ·Ǵ
ߴʮңΪһһͷ˲ţһڽս
򣬷ֱޣԼūɿ̨ϵˣѡǺսǺūս
ʱһӰַ˵ǰĿ⵭Įɨַһۡ
ʰѩƺϵȡƷԪʯݸԷԷ˿һԣַǰС
ǰʮλÿǰҰãңӵȽȨҪ̤ǰʮÿҪһƷԪʯ
ʰѩ߱ߵַĿһ˵һƷԪʯ̫˰ɡ
Ҫ֪һƷԪʯĵĲ㵽ʮһһ֮ãɲСĿ
࣬һ㶼ࡣַЩǣʰѩֱҡҡͷ˵һ룬ǰˣЩʲôˡ
ҪˣУȱԪʯˡַ£Ӧ
˵ûҪ˶ԣֻҪʤܻʮƷԪʯһĸȻֵãǰˣζԪʯҲûκε壻ںһˣҲ˵ˣǣȱԪʯͷȻͲں
ʰѩ˵ţָָŵһλãɡ
áַ˵ͷǰʮŵ˲Ǻܶ࣬Ժԣλÿ̫ˣϾҪԼںԪʯˣռġ
ַʱеһսҲˣūڵǿ
ֻϻūޣȴֲ֮˵࣬Ѫ죬漫ΪĲ̡
ȺȻϰߣһźܴ̼ѪҺڡ
ƺ;ϵüͷţֳоЩַ㣬Ȼ΢вȴƽôãѾϰǿʳߵһĲֵ
ûþԵİգαҪȥַ΢΢ҡҡͷǱɱ֮ˣԼѡģԹñˡ
ַ㣬ͬ磬ԸǺūޣ
ʰѩַĵЩַһ䡣
ޡַûκԥĻش
ʰѩַĻشһ㶣漴ЦŵѡûдܶΪͬ磬һǿһЩȴͬūޣǴӳΪūһ𣬾ʱɥΣգǲ֪ԼʲôʱţΨһκ˶ҪǿңΪ˻ţǿһУ񡢲̡ѪֻߣеǱޣ¡
ҲʱΪԼʵǿʵҲȷˣ֮ʱ֣ᷢŵǸˣһ㡣
Ϊ˻ţô΢һ롣
ַа̾Ϣȴҡҡͷ˵˵û˵һѡսΪԭ򡣡
ǣʰѩ΢Щȣַ㡣
ǡַͷūޣȻūûȨϾǣˡ
ʰѩַ΢ЩµĻĿһһ˿֮ɫ
˵ΨһǻţɱЩ֮ˣΪԷҪǵǣţ˱΢ΣûָܹǵĲ̣ҪΪһЩԪʯΪԼ棬ȥɱûκγԹˣ
ַ㲻ΪԼʲôˣҲԼǾ٣׷ͬʱлЩصĶٶԵԼģ֮ϣʲô谭ԼǰС
ʰѩַƽĻһΣϤо˿˿
Щūޣūǣˣ
ûˣ̵磬˴ū˿ַˣ̫ˡ
ˣͼϵıǿΪ׷ǿΪ˵ԼĿģǿԲֶΣɱˣ̫
ҲǶԵģҾˣԺֻ
ʰѩЦЦȴڴʱһԶ
ϵˣʲôʱҲѧ˱ˣǿЦ
ַʰѩĿתĲ෽ֻһȺŻǣǴżַָ̬߰ˣ߸ϡ
ϵˣ
ַüͷһȺ굱УһַϵãһѧԺ˦꣬


0140 ַ㣬
һѧԺУϵ˺ͽϵĴˮݣ໥˳ۣĦҲǲϡ
ڳгǣǽϵϲˣϵҲͬϵ˸ԸȥȥȡһЩмֵƷ
ȻҲвϲ
ڽϵȺУ̤ԴԼԼϵ˺̤ΪǵСûѪ
ȻںܶϵȺУϵ̤ǰ׳աƥ֮£ȥԪʯֻЩŻȥ¡
ϵ뿴ģǽϵ֮ʱ޿ʳԼūŰɱĳÿοǱ˷ܡ
ַ԰ɣΪҪսħͨʵ
ڰԣһĿ⿴ַ㣬ĵɲҪڻûսħ֮ǰͱ޸ˣѧԺкܶ˵ſأ
ַ㿴˰һۣ˾Ȼ֪ȻΪԵʣͰһˣַ㣬ͦġ
ԣַֻǺƽĿ˻һֽۣĿƹ򣬳ĬӣǶԶԷõķʽ
֮һ߰ĿˣУǵĻ˱Ҫ٣ܸӡ
ַ㣬ƫƫΪûһͣЦҲӲϣĿ⽥
ˣҺ˵˵ַ˵ĶУӦģǳĬ
㻰ַԽǳĬԽоԼܵƣΧ˽ĿͶߵ£Щ߳ŭһ
롣ʰѩЩˬӶ䣬תͷǻ꺰ûз֣Լһͷҷ͵Ĺ𣿡
ɫһ漴Ȼ˸ǹ˵ʹ
ңһͷûӵĹ
ʰѩֲһǴŨŨĳ֮ɫ
ħսѵԼȺħǿҪһûشĻ㣬ʲô
ÿ£Ķʰѩ֪ģ˭𣿡
ʰѩ׵عûٿԷʯ֮ϣĮ³
Ϊǰ˸־ΪԼж߰ңĳЩǰɲһѣȴΪԼҫⲻ֪ԼΪжôĿЦ
ʰѩƽĻûĿһԷȻ֪ңʰѩ֪ɻֻ˵ʰѩûн
գҲعͷ˻һۡ
漴ƵĿ⣬ʰѩϡ
˵ڻʳǿյˣĴڣʰѩ֪Է˵Ĳںˣܲأ

ַһգ˵˵ֹһΡ
ѩ¹ǿȻΪʳǣʳ֮£¼ҡҡšڡƺڡѩɽׯϼڡ
˹ƺڱţֻʣ߹УʳǶĹ
ңȻУ
꣬Ī֮ˣ
ڴʱһ޴ĺַ˼άϣĿתַ㿴εС
УղŵսѾޱĨɱˣʱһߣǣһͷޣ߽εС
ղ޷ġ
ޣЫ
Ⱥһ˿˷֮ɫЫһַǳǿޣӵзǿǣͬʱлݺǳ
β֪˭ȥһܾʰɡ
ȺаҲЩЫǰ;ңѾв࣬ˡ
˲ͣĽ޺ū޺ūޱɱǻҪԪʯĴۣǺܿ
ַ΢һ˿ɻʵ˾ȻܹŪ˶޺ūޣÿڴɲ⡣
Щ޺ū޸Ūʱʵһǿ㱻ĨɱˣˣҲǺںһս޲ϱѪū޲ϱǿʱǲ˼ֵˣѡһЩΪԼãһЩȥ⣬ǵĿģ޺ūԼһˣҲͬǣЩ˵Ѫȥǵ޺ūϱǿ
ַĿһͣûôԶȷһսлūޣֵǲɹģȥΪֲĸ֣á
⳥ԪʯǽгǵʱҪԪʯȻ࣬ôˣж٣⣬ҪǰҪÿ˽һƷԪʯ㣬ж٣
ʰѩĵĶַ͵ַ΢Цҡͷ̫ǳˣֻ޺ūޱɱҪ⸶Ԫʯȴ˶ˡ
ʱվεУЫļޣսʮʤ
ȺߵĻһʮʤÿֲζѾжʮλЫС
侳֮ʤߣʮƷԪʯ侳֮ʤߣһٿƷԪʯ
߼˵һ漴ߵεſڣȴ֮ˡ
ʮƷԪʯöࡣ
ַ㰵һʮƷԪʯҲǧƷԪʯѧԺĲ㣬ꡣ
꣬һֲĸ
עı꣬Ҳֲ
ַ㰵˵ƺгǵˣӵеԪʯҲ֪жôĿ¡
ʮƷԪʯԹһūˣԻȡһЩõĹ似
뵽⣬ַԥվĮĵⳡɣ


0141 ūӡ
ⳡɣ
ַ̫󣬵ȴʣܹ
Ⱥַ㣬Ŀ͸˿˿֮ɫˣȻҪЫ
˵ÿһ̤νˣʵǲԼȥЦֻһղȥˣжʮЫУͿԿЫжǿ
侳صޣҪսʤЫѡ
侳µˣǿǶҪǣ˶ԷŸҿһƷԪʯۣǲܵõ
˿ַվ¶һ˿ЦݣһϵĵӣҪˡ
ϧˣҪħˣҪʧˡ
Ц£ַ㣬ȻҪЫ
ǼΪԪʯҪǼҲֵǮ
ַĿתڻϣ¶һ˿ζ֮ɫ
֮ṩΣ㣬ҪҪȥԣ
ַͻһ󣬻˵ĻжַĻҲ˶˵ĶС
ɫ΢΢һûн졣
սսǷʲôƨһͻ˵󻰣ʲô£
ַдŨŨķζûĿܵΧĿ⣬ǻɢ⣬ĿɭĶַ㡣
ȡ裡
ʰѩЦ˵һΪĴ̶
ûԷַ̧Ųߵԡ
ֻŴ򿪣ַС
ַŲ֮ڣʱоһѹֵϢ·Уָо˺ܲ
Ыַ߽һͺ
ޣѾǻۣǺ˭ǵˣҲֻҪɱַ㣬ģԼ
С۾΢΢ĺ⣬Ы建ĳַ䶯
ַܵȻĳЫ粽ƽȣƽûð֮⡣
ڴʱЫӴͻȻԾ𣬳ַ˶͸ղŵ䶯ȣ˿ٶȲ֪˶١
˻ƣ
ַ˫һʱӡ죬ƾ似ıַ̬һɱͨ侳֮ˡ
ЫӡϮܣצӡиţȻӡֱƿޱȷ
Ȼ˻ơӡ˻ģЫȫƿвӡϣЫ˼ͳӴҲڵأַ㾪ȵǣܵ˻ֱӹЫûܵ˺
Ȼܱ̬ķ
ַ㰵һѹܹɱʮλޡ
ͳĺЫд˫С۾Խӵĺ䣬һӴٶȳַ˳
ַûʹð˻ƣ̧ƣʱɫĽַ²һɽƣֱӽЫ
𡭡
ĽƣЫڿзһ޴ХצУַͷ­иȥ
ǱУַᱻ˲пһΪ
ʱַֻĽŲ΢΢£һƫԼ岻ȫЫĹΧƣڴʱ̧Ыצȥ
ڸʲô
ƶЫצһˣˡ
ȺһĻɫһв˿Ыս˱ֱӱЫצƶǣ˫צȽ
ʱַںЫצײһ飬µĽŷһ貵İ׹⡣
Ⱥ𺳵ǣַƲ𣬶Ыһͳ˻𣬷·ʹ㡣
ôܣƣôܱЫצ
ȺĿһ¶˼ɫ
ȴʱֱַҪЫսһƵֱնЫ硢Ѹ籼ס
꣡
һѵɫѪɽЫϣһѪַۣһƻ
ÿµµİ׹⣬ǽ⣬ȽҪ
Ⱥ𾪵Ŀַ㣬̫꣬ˣǰ侳ޣ뾡˰취޷ƿЫȻַ㣬ȴ׾ٵˡ
̨֮ϣͻˣĿҲǣɫɭȻû뵽ַ㾹Ȼô
ȻȻʵ
ɫ۽ǳ鴤ԼЩЦһգһһ񣬿ַ㣬ȴַ֣ϵĳɾͣǿ̫ˣܱȵġ
ַȻȻʱȺ˼ȫЫϣ˵֮ϡ
ơ⡢ںΪһƣҲһȻ޷ýֲȴɼǿ
ַÿһƵ£һĨѪЫһۼ
໡
ʱЫѾѪ߰ߣһŭš
ˡ
ַһٶ۽漴һ£âţַ֮ϣһ֮һն£Ыͷ­ֱӱƿ˲Ϣ˵Ŀȫ
Ⱥа⣺ñ̬ʵղţȻЫ
ӮˣǶʮƷԪʯ
߽ΣԪʯݸַ㣬ֱַܲ£漴Ųȥ
ͬʱַĿ΢΢ƲһԱߵΣū޵սҲˣһΣūսܣĨɱ
ңΣмһţֻҪ֮򿪣Σͨһ
߳Σַ㾹˼ʵĸо棬ȷʵѹֵܣܲ
صλ֮ϣַ㵭ɨ˻һۣ漴
Уղǣһͷޣһߣͬһλߣһū˳
ūɢͷΪҲĿȫסϴ·֮ʱϷ졣
ս֮ʱͳ˿
ū̧ͷ֮ʱҵķ˿΢΢ɢ¶ϵūӡ



0142 ŭ
ūӡū޵ݺύĿȫǣ޷ֱԭò
ټɢͷϵūޣ˴һԵø
Ȼ˫ɫȴޱȣĿ⣬ͷ
䣡
Ⱥ˫аеūޣһЩūޣԵĥǳܹΪãǷǳˣÿһūޣضһᡣ
ַüͷ΢壬ò̵ֶΣҲ֪ЩūǴȻҪӡūӡ˶ĿȫˣӵԺҲ޷ˣֻܻںڰС
ū侳ΪսʮʤߣͬʤʮƷԪʯ侳Ϊ֮µߣʤƷԪʯһ١
ū޽߿˵˵һʮʤūޣЫʤʮʤȴһģͿԿˣū޵ţȶЫҪǿ
侳Ϊһ
ʱַ治ԶĻŰ˵һðĿһƬ̣漴ͷȥ
á¶һ˿Ц⣬ֻվݴԽ֮⣬΢΢ͷ
߿üͷ΢壬˵ūޣȷҪ
ǡ϶ĵ˵ͷðС
ߡ
̨֮ϣʰѩһƺЩá
ַҲЩ֣ߣȻѰһڽЫ֮ʱûѹЫ
ַ㣬ūޣҪùˡ
ʰѩ˵һַЩֵĿʵԼãʵҼʶûʲôرҿһū޵Ķ֡
ûʤĿܣǣ֪˭ڸ𣿡
ʰѩ˵һַĿһĿʰѩ
ɰ׼Ҹǰļ塣
ʰѩĮ˵һַĿһѹ߻Ѱˣԭˣɰļ帺
˶˫۾ţǰʵãѵǻֽŲɣ
Ǻǣ̫СЩˣǣֻĿģ̡ʰѩЦ£һȻصģ
ʱУū޿߽һͷŶǳ
ͷ΢赲ס̹ǣð΢Щ

ū޵У³һ֣壬ֱӳŰȥǽˣҪˣǰ
סͻȻڿ趯һ߳ǹźХ֮
ÿ졣
󿴵˲ܿͬʱһ𣬰ıޱ飬
쫷ꡣ
ַ㿴ֵһ쫷ӰһһΣ߰ޱȣ˵Լţȴַһָûнס궼ûüͷţǶ⣬˦ĺ
԰ʮ겻䣬ǷطǷƺڣţǻʳǣžۼ֮أȰˣܶ࣬ˣҲͲˡ
ū޿ûпһۣǰ䣬е΢΢һɨռХ
ðԵ
ĿһӲӣٶȺˣȻʱһõϢĳ֣˲佫סٶȻǹֱӳŰȥ
ûһĶðء
ͫһ˫һһɱ֮쫷糯ȥҳ졣
ȻʱͻȻоһޱȾ޴ϴ嶼ˣǰȥūȴ壬һĻߣֱӳ˰Ĳ෽ǹϮɱ
ǿ
̨ϴһ֮ū޵ƿ̫ǿˣÿһ·˰㣬Ѹݡɱˡ
ַ㣬üͷ꣬ѣƾӵꡣ
ƾū
ַĿ˸Ķūޣɺ𣿶Էֻӵͬ꣬ԾΪ
꣡
УҴҵֵȴܹסǹĳؿܵػ嵹ɳȥ
ū޵һǹֱ˰ΨɱԷܹ
ס֡
ʱһͺ֮ū޵һŲͣ£Ŀ⿴ߡ
ⳡսΪֹ
ߵĮ˵һȺĿһΪֹ
һֻһĹôܵΪֹ
֮˺߹ϵǳ
ȺղѰ󣬲ɵͷ²⣬Ҳֻֿˡ
ûнôܹΪֹ
ū޵дһɳƵߡ
üͷһ漴¶һ˿ɭ֮ɫһūȻҷ
ȻҪҳȫ㡣ɭЦЦ޽
߻£һڴһӣĳȺС
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ڶūУ⣬ѱˣҲˣ³ѾѱޣգҾҪʤߣ
ɭɭ˵ֻʱĿĶ·ҪһȥȻҪȺ
ſڵϵ⻰̧ͷҰްĿĶߣޱȡ
̧ͷޣ̨֮ϣַڵλãһޱȱϢӶ


0143 ֵ
Ӷı亮⣬·Ծģ衣
ַԵʰѩһͷ΢΢˸תĿַ㡣
䣡
ʰѩ˫Ư۾ɫһգգĶַ㣬ΪΣַϾȻͷų˱ĺ
ʰѩַԵļˣơϡη⡢Ԭɽȫо˺⣬彩Ӳǵ۾ȫַ㡣
Ψϣ˿ַ㣬漴ֿϡ
ֻӵ˫˫ţȴȫס޵࣬ͬӡū֮ӡǣͬһĴ֣
ˣɴĿȫǵҵ˿˿Ϥĸо
Ǻ׳ʵӰһγԺУȴʼ޷ǰغϣ̫ˡ

ϵ͸˿˿ţԸԼˣҲԸӰǺ
ַܵϵ⣬֪ûϴⱻҰ޵ūޣǺ
ҧ촽Ưϴ˿ȴ˳ޣȺȻԴ
ţ
ʰѩü˾ϵĵ漴ĿתҲ˾ϲ԰ҳ޵ɫвɵøһ˿֮ɫ
ַ㣬ʶˣ
ʰѩžʵ
Ͻҧ촽΢΢˵ͷҺַѡ
ϵĻ˽Զһѹ֡ѹַϻͷǿҵ⡣
ԭūޣȻַѣ
˵ϵôᱯˣͬūԭūȻǼ񣬾Ȼūѡ
ĹϵȺղҲע⵽ַϵ⣬˿ϵ˵̸ɵ÷Ц
ǵѣū˵Ұ
޼ɵĳţо
ű⣬ַĿ⣬תգ˻ӵϡ
Ŀ⣬ӻһб䣬Īģһɿ־֮⡣
Į۾ͫף
ʱַͫףǻɫģɱûаС
񣡡
ҧҧĳȻַһŵˣôַܱһŵ
¡
Ļ䣬һѵ촫ûӵҲһһѵĺ֮˲亹
ַֻµʯαַһƺʯѣַĽŲֱӿ˳ȥ
ǣ
һѵʯҵķ裬۳ƮڿУģٶһ
ʱַѾߣƣֱӳץȥ磬һ̵Ļ꣬·㣬ֻһ˲䣬ĺ㱻ַס壬Ҳֱѡ
¡¡
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㷢һΧ˶סˣЩŻһĹϵȺһֻĿɿڴĿǰ𺳵ĳ棬˵ַܵϵĺ䣬ǣǰӪȶˣ˵ң
˵һ䣬ɱ㡣
ַͷͫ׽Ķṳ̋ڽµĻ꣬˵
ʱĻǲѪĿԵЩͣڣƺûŪʲô
ڣҼ̤˳Ц㣬㳰ЦеūһǣԶԶ硣
ַĽڻĨ£漴ûŲηȥÿ̤һǹ⣬ǿʢ֡
һĿⶼַϣǲ⣬ַ㣬Ϊλɢ˱⡣
ַΧˣǵĿ֮ɫ䡢ÿµ˵ôˣ
εУȺҲоԽԽ⣬Ŀ΢΢һ漴ַߣַżȱϢһΣɵ㶡
ҲסˣǸղŵĿַŰ꣬˵ͣǸӣǵķӡ
ƾҲַ㣬ַŭһ̤ģҲ̲ס¡
ַ㣬Ȼַ㣬û뵽ܼˡ
ںſͷַĿһգգ
Ұްһ¶ʹࡢεȸɫūŰʱܻū
ϣӡūӡʲôʸټַ㣬ޣ޶ȺҲȺ
գƺڱţвҴ棬ûб̤ɱƾҴˣ֪нյĽ֣Ըƺڸ֮վȥ
еҴߣ˻ʳǣūӡȻ
˺޾衢޴򣬱ҰȦѵǿץսɱΪ˹ţֻܲͣɱˡǿ
Ƿҵˣ³ǳ׵׵ıҰѱޣ
ַһ߽ѾĿȫǵϣ¶ʹɫͨ죬һˮĵ䡣
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ʹĵͷַ㣬ΪūҪַΪðգΪֽ
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ܿˣֵܡ
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ֵˣ
ֵˣֺ磡


0144 Ӱɱ
ֵܣ
еߵַĻһ㶣漴΢΢𣬺˸
ַ㣬ūʶҹϵǳ
ַһ߽һ赲ַǰǰʲôϵڣѾūӡū
ūӡǲҲΪū
ַ䣬Ŀһ漴Ц
֮ǰҲɱǡ
ַ˵֮˳ӿߡ
ߣ
Цһ΢ʱӰһ쫷磬˲ϢƺַǰӰһƣƮ
ν
иһҫ۵ĺ⣬ַγըǿޱȣνһɱ
ȻֱӽַİνˣƵһƮӰ޼䣬ڽ֮϶ߣֻһ˲ַϡ
ۣ
ַһѪֱײ֮ϡ
أ
ĿһߵʵӦ侳Ϊַ㣬侳أ̫ˣַǶ֣һжӲס
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֮ڣźɱ֮
ʵɴǰ;κҪֻóȫ㡣
߿ַǰʱһЦ侳Ϊܽһƣɱң˵Ρ
αҪɱūӡѱΪūޣڴ˵ΪūǸá
ʱһԵİ˵һ㶣漴ЦЦү⣬˱޻Ҫǿɱңѱޣ϶˼
ˡɫַ㣬ҵġ
ַ㿴δһۣŲɳȣһǰ̤ɱ֮⣬Ũ
𣡡зһ޺ҲĲţ꣬εĽס޷ѡ
һƻѪڿƮɣַ壬ٶײ֮ϣ΢Ĳš
˵ַ㣬侳Ϊѣ츳ǿɸ侳ص߶֣һжӲס
侳ؾ磬Ѿ侳еǿˡ
ַһδεıɣƵȫվҪȥ
ȵȡ
ʰѩǵȫס赲ǰС
ÿĮĺһʰѩЦ
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ÿûʰѩĻɺĮ
ȥʰѩҡҡͷһһɫĻӰ˲֮⣬û߽Ӫַ㣬վεĶڣָоַ㣬ûôױɱ
ַһδεıɣǰʰѩҲˣΪѣһԲҪ
ƾͬľӡūӡ¶ĹâΪˣκ𾴡
ַĽŲǰɫͫ䣬ûκεɫʣУΨл֮ġ
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һŭȴַд֮趯ŻɫϢϯ
Ǽ𣿡
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ô
Ǹһ˿м֮⡣
˫ɣӰ֣Բ׽ǰ֮ʱȻֹͣߵǰ
ߣ
һȣԶַʱȻǰƻնߡ

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ַΪ
ȻһַŽţַؿڣһ޴Ѫӡֲ
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ϵɫ΢΢һ䣬ʱľȻ̲ס
ô£
꿴Ĵػɳǡ
ȴʱһޱǿҵ´ǵ첻ϣ֮ѿ
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ߵһ˿֮ɫȻڴʱһΣ֮д۽£Ŀ˲ת
գ
ַǻɫͫ׵УͻȻŷһޱ貵Ĺâ̫ҫ۶Ŀ
գ֮ʱַûù˿̣һʹö
תĿһ΢΢ϣһɾǿΣд徾ȻҪַɣַ֣Ű
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Ӱɱ
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Ӱ
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һĮڼžĿռߵĺ䶯£Ѫӿ壬Ҳ£


0145 Ѫ
߻ڵϵʬ壬ռٶڼžС
侳Ϊַ㣬Ĩɱ侳Ϊǿߣ
ǰһĻȺУΪһ磬ʵܴܹԽս֮ˣš
ַ㣬ͶԷ磬ʵ̫ˣͲһңַҲȷǶ֣յĽȴˡ
ƾǾǿ־ͼַͣŰķʽӽߣֱ󣬷Ǳɱһֻһ˲ȴӡȺԺеһ
ÿ졢ÿֲĿü͵־
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ȿȣ
һַǣѪϵؿڵѪӡΪĿ
ѪذַȡһƿҩԼУϢʣַŸоùһ£࣬Ҳ滺
һǲҪ
ʰѩĿ⿴ַ㣬ϸһ˿Ц⣬;ַûô򵥣ַ㻹ǸһľϲȻ߸Ĩɱˡ
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ַǽˣû˿кʱֹذףֱʱַУȴĪһѪĺذס
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ҫ۵Ļɫ⻪ݰںתֻһ˲䣬ͽУˣһŻɳ
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ǹĻɳУҫ۵Ļƹ⣬ΪĿźĻɳԽԽ࣬ܿ죬һ޴Բ򣬽׵׵ᵽС
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һĻַüͷţںϷʲô
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Ŀ磬һǵĹâ
ˬ
ƣһգ촫ܹĸܵԼϳ˱ըԵǿ
תϵ꣬ɫ̲ͫסͷһ

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ĿһûܣֱһȭӭȥŰ
¡¡
˫ȭӴزȺ𺳵Ŀע£壬ɳϮֱֱӱᣬǻɳˣɳϮϣԿֲٶӣֻһ˲䣬ͽ峹׵ᡣ
𣡡
ŭһ·ȫŭҪйޱǿһȭֻһ˲䣬һŻɳըķѣҲ˵壬׵ѿȻȴûһѪϣֻһŻɳ
ˡˡȺͣ۾ĶǰȻһĻһ̫ˣΥ
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ǣѪѣ
ʰѩվεĴԣĿźϷһУ
ûһѪľѣžǿߵѪŻ־
ѪǿߵĺᣬϱѪ֮ӵѪ꣬츳ǿͨˣӵлԵܲϾѪ֮ԽԽǿȻľѣʵ˲䱩ǣټʰѩû
ֵȷǾɣĻܽͺϷ쳣
ַҲޱȴ㵣̫ǿˣʱĺӵ侳صΪҪǿ
ʱ֮⣬üӰ˸ַĿһ
磬СӣˣΣء
ĵ˰һۣղţҪַ㵱ūūӡѱū
һҪ
Ųһ磬һ·ڶһҪ˸ԵĻɳ֮ȭֱӺöԷ屩ˡ
ַ建תĿ⣬˰ϣһ̣壬ĲַһŵýŲˡ
ôַܻĶַ֣㣬侳ص߶ĨɱˣҪ׾١
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ַһŲ̧𣬻˰
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˿Ƕŭǲ֪үߵˣʰѩǡ


0146 ӡ
ǻǸʲô
󽹼ŭȵ쵰ʱͣ
ʰѩɨ˰һۣ¶һƿɱ֮ɫư³ΪĿһУݲΪԼжʶ
ֻҪڣṳ̂ȥһ
ʰѩ˵һš
ַ΢΢ЩԾû뵽ʰѩ˵Ŀ񣬿ԼƯŮ˵ˣɲô˽ء
ڰɫ΢΢һֻʱַ㲢ûмɱȥԼʰȻὣĳŰ˹ȥ
ҪΣѾᵽɤӿڣ㡣
ģҲɱ㡣ַ㵭Į˵һðĿһ㶣漴㿴ַǴһ˿Įǹ壬ϲ˵ūӡūӡ֮󣬾Ϊū޷̧ͷˣôұϿūӡҿ߰Ĺūӡ֮Ƿ񻹻һһ񣬲ūӡˡ
ǳ鴤£ūӡΪ΢ūҪˡ
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Ǹң׼ң֮ء
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Ǽо仰гһŭΪգʲô⣬Ҳԥƺ
Ǵһ˿Цݣַ㻺˵Ƶͷ΢΢£
һŭΪգ


0147 
һѧԺ֮⣬һӰƺƵȫ˿˿⣬ֱӳѧԺĴŷȥ
Ϊ֮ˣϣһӣϴżְԵ⣬ЩȺȻеİ׼Ⱥ
ңڰ׼ҵȺУһŽɫߵӣϱʵʵ֮µ˫·Եޱȡ
ʱӰ˸ѧԺĹǰȵһѧԺѧԺӣ̤㡣
ĿбӣŲһ磬޷Զ

һͳ³ֻϵƮ£漴ѧԺǰ˾Լ˳ȥͷȻ
侳
Ȼ侳ǿǿдһѧԺ
Ⱥ˽ŲѧԺУվһۣ漴ͬʱĳһ˸ȥ
侳ǿߣ߲ơ
һ˺ƺƵʱǰԶһűȻǽϵ˾סĹű
ֹ
һֻȺ˸Ƭ֮˵ǰӰ
üͷ΢壬Įĵ
Ǻˣѵ֪һѧԺ׼̤㣿
˸ȺУһ˽Ų˵
ĿɨĿ˶ԷһۣҸ˵ϻ˹
֪ºˣһѧԺк£
ʱһĮһѧԺһ³ӻ߳
ҪˡĮ˵
Ҫˣ³Цһһûй㴳һ֮㾹Ҫˡ
ߡЦһӣʱһ⻪˸³Ŀһǵ⻪ģ漴һۡ
֮ʱ³ӵɫ΢΢¡
˵һѧԺ˲̤㣬ҵҪ㣬һѧԺˣҵĵ̽ҵū޴ߣɱˣ£㵹Ǹһ͡
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գūԼ֮˽һѧԺҲҪһ֡
³ԷɫЩѿһѧԺʦݲͣԷףˣѹסġ
ң˱Ҳﲻ
֮˭³ʵ
ѧԺϵ֮ˣַ㡢ʰѩ
ʰѩ³üͷ΢壬ȴֵַ֮㣬ʰѩҿԲ׷󣬵ַԼūޣһѧԺҪҡ
ȻԵɽʰѩƲпɼҲԸʰѩ
ʲôݣкһѧԺǲὫʰѩģҲҪ
ȥűУַԼūޣг
³ӵ˵ӦŹűȥ
¶֮ɫǴߵӰ֮µӵɭĮ
ű֮ڣַס֮أַڷȴڴʱϸ΢ĺ¡֮뷿УñĿַ
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ʱֱӽʯҵĴƿͥԺߺȣΪǶʯ˵ĲԳƵ衣
վַ壬Ϊµҩ־ĻָϵҲ˲١
粽߳䣬ַ㿴ˣֶվͥԺУǷǳ⣬ҲһѧԺĵӡ
ַ㣿
ַɨһۣĮ˵
£ַ㿴ԷеưüͷĮһ
֪ĶΪύʰѩͿΪԼսħֽʰѩȥơ
ЩƲַ㣬˵ϴκħȥַʱ򣬾ʰѩڳ˺ħıһˣʦַ㣬ǺʰѩһģˣΪַȫڽʰѩ磬Ϊ
ڣдūҪǡ
˵ţ˱תʯ̤ȥ
ȵȡ
ڶԷҪ뿪֮ʱַе³֣öԷŲͣ£عͷַ䵭˵£
ƺʲôɣַ䵭ʵ
ʲôü漴ҡҡͷûС
ˡ
ַǿһöԷɫһ䣬˵ˣң
ûй򡣡ַЦ裬Ҳۣ˽ԴסأƺһǸû˵ɣ
ǸԷ¶һ˿Цɫ漴Ų̤ûַ㣬ֱʯȥ
Ȼڴʱһɱ֮ͻأĽϣεĽסĿһŲҲɵͣ
תַֻ㻺ĳĿһ˿Į֮⡣
ʲô
߱ߣһкûУ㣬Ҳ̫˵ɡ
ַŲ֮ʱӿԽԽǿ
ĿǣЩӲϢַ㡣
ǴѧԺʦǰһˡ
ɫһݣʦ˳̬ǿӲȴ΢ԵЩ㡣
Ȼһˣ˽ס裬Ǿô߳ȥҪЦַܣ衣
˵ţַһǰ̤ǵأƬĿռ䶼
Էһ漴㿴ַһϮɫı˪Ʒһ˳
ͺһӭϣһȭ͵Ű
Ȼַഥһ̣ȴһ֮иĸȭͷֱ۴ʹ
ȥַһ߳ȣһʱԷֱӱᣬʯ֮⣬϶һѩ׵ı˪
侳صķôšַ㳰һĮ˵ţһΪ


0148 ʦ
ʯ֮⣬Ӳޱȡ
ʱΧķ䲻̽ͷһĻɵö¶˱ĵɫޱ
ŶΪʦ֮԰磬ȴ˲ҵܵȺָָ㡣
ַ㣬ԷĻҲ²⵽˷飬߲ƣᵽҪԼһˣѾˡ
ַѾϵˣô׵ķŹ
صԼķ䵱Уַ㻻һѧԺĳۣ漴㳯ʯ̤ⷽȥ
֨
һ촫Ƿſ
ȵȡ
һôĵĮûκεĲ˵֮ˣȻ顣
ôˣ
ַعͷ飬ֻʱѾɴĳ
Ժȥһߡ
䵭˻ַ¶һ˿Цͷȴů
ãַ˵ͷаŮˣǹĵĻͲ˵ô
һʯ֮⣬ʯҹرգַ㿴ǱһۣĮĵ·
˿һַ飬ūأ
·ַһʱͷ£˵ʲôŲ̤
ȺΧָָ㣬ɫΪѿͷȺ
ʱϵȺסĹű֮⣬Ƭ޴Ŀյع㳡֮ϣѾΧŲӰ
긺ֶȺ͸һ֮⡣
ˣַˡ
ʱʱĿתŹűȥ漴Ⱥ㿴ַӰĳ߶
ַߣһӰӰȻɴ棬ʥˣ˾ΪˣҪɴ֮µǺεȵա
ַƺû˵ūޡ
³ӿַˣüͷ΢΢ţַǰ֮ʵô£
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һ鶼첻á³Į˵һ漴ַ㣬ʵ㴳ūһѧԺ
ûҴģѣеū
ַɨһ³ӣֻΪԷһ仰ʱб֮С
ūūʲôѣһѧԺһū롣³Ӽַƺôӣɵ΢䡣
ҵҪʦνū
ūӡūԷش
ʦڿƲ׼ūһѧԺΪǰһνūô޶ԣɱһѧԺ
ַĿֱӶԷ俪ڡ
ţȺĿⶼһһôĵӣȻôײѧԺʦ޼ɵ
³Ҳͬ£΢΢ĵ㿴ūˡ
ߡ
ַЦָһָǴ֮˵ϣȡߣǲū
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ȻַָָԼɫ֮µͫ΢΢Ŀ䡣
磬һѧԺһӶ˲ʦ
˦˵
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㣬㽫ūûУ
³Ӷַ㣬΢кţĿַ㡣
ַĿһ٣иһĮЦ⣬˵һѧԺʦǳ裬ѧԺҫȴֻҶԼ˺аԵѧԺ涼ΪЦΪԼжô硣
ַ㵭ĮĻͫһ˵
ַֻ˶٣Ǽſ³ӣԵ֣ȽѧԺ֮˺ߣôҿʦϣѧԺϣͷңûͲҪڴ˵طƨǱ˵Ĺѡ
䡣
һŭ³ӵڶռ䶼һɱ֮⣬ַ㣬Ȼô
ҪĿĶַ㣬³ŭˡ
һôַĮ˵̽뻳漴֮ϣһöƣ˵һ
գҲһѧԺΪһѧԺ֮ʱһ쵰ʦԺ룬ȨѧԺԴκ˽ѧԺУҲ̤һȴû뵽һ޳ܵʦԸ˵ĹѧԺ֮ˣΪһѧԺе衣
ַ˵Ⱥͷַ֪㾹ȻǸԺһȨѹ˳ѧԺҲơ
³ӵɫӲǣƣȷʵǸԺûӵȨ
ңȴλѧԺ㡣
³а⣬Ŀ⺮絶
һѧԺԽԺû˵˭ѧԺȴܹȨˡ³ӱȵַ㣬ôĵӣԺҲ͵ڴҫû뵽һѧԺȻȰ࣬գҾѧԺŻ
͵ַ£˾ͷ˶ԷĻɵЩ
׳ղŻ˵ֻԺǺεΪӦñƣ͵У
ַЦ˵ԷѾ¶ҪﻹҪʲôɡ
ɣҪѳͷΡ
³һȶţ泯ַ㷢˲ô࣬ȷַ˵
һĻȺ΢΢һַˣȻ˼ŭѧԺʦΪ̫ˡ
ȻַĿȷʵȻޱȣֻʥӰŲĿһַǰ


0149 νȾѪ
ӰȺĿһԵЩɲ
³һЦϵƸһɫĹ⻪ҫޱĿ
ס֡
ڴʱһŭ֮ԶԶȺĶ£һֱθȺǶ·¡
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Ժ
ĿһȻǸԺˡ
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¡
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ƸԺʦַܲ㣬ԺյԺ֮ˣȨơ
ǡ³Ӳ£ɫѿ
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Ȼȥ
˶£ȻԺַܿ㣬򵥵һ䣬ͽַӴƲиԺȫţ꣬ҲܸҶַˡ
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Ҳ˵ַԼҲһֱŪ׸ԺΪλ˴
ַԲʶԺҲʶʳݵλˣӲҪϹϵôǺͲг
һѧԺ֮⣬ԺǰȨΪ߳ѧԺʦȫ㣳ַ벻ס
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ַ΢΢ҡͷûӶԷĻֱӻȥ
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һţѵܶԸѧԺʦɣ
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Ⱥгַ̫ˣԺҲ£Щַ˵Ļ
ַȻʲôҲԸĿת꣬Įǣң
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Ȼңھվǣʲô
ַɵȻȺ⣬ַ֪ĵ
꿴ַţͻȻ¶һ˿ЦݣܺãַղԺĻȥ治ַΣַ㣬ȴûôҾܾԺĺ⣬ַ㣬

국˵һʱӰ粽΢˲ϢַϢ䡣
ǰַ㶯δվǣĿƽ
ʱӰһ磬ʱһɱ֮ͻȻӶ˪أַǰ˻һֻ衣
΢΢ǰĳ֮޷赲̼䣬貵ı˳˵ֱۣӶϣܿ죬ַǰӰֱӱˣһһ
һӣȻأ죬ˣǻ֪
ǿ
ȺͷһǿߣһУȫȫıסˣѹָղŮӻַǰԭʵ˺ˡ
侳
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ղƵһֻ侳ǿ߲ſʹó˲Ϣǿ߱Ĩɱ
³ɫһղţַ֡
ѹַ㣬ǰſˣߣȻ侳ǿ߸棬̫ˣʱȺڲ²⣬ַ㣬ǺεǿıܱԺأ߻ǿŮ׷ҡ
Դַ̤а֮Ǽ׼֮ˣֻҪһˡɱһˡ
ַ³һĻð׼Ⱥͷ΢Ҳַ˼Ӱ趯İûκεֱӳŰ׼֮˹ȥ
أ΢б˪֣׼Ⱥȫоһױȵĺǵ֣δѾ϶˰ɫ˪ѩ
ƮƮһƻƷ֮Ӷֻ˲䣬׼ˣȫǱ˪òݡ
֮ˣֻ侳Ȳ֣˿̣ڶ侳ǿߣȻö£岻ϲɼƷ̺⣬жô

Ҳ޷ֵȻˣӰ磬һޱǿҵ쫷ֱ壬Ҳһ쫷磬ϯȥ
鲻ƽһĴһ㺮ӶռгֱֱӽǾ쫷
ꡢꡭ
ѵ첻ϴǹ쫷֮£鿪
һʱճޱȷֱնǹ쫷硣
ʱֳֳַĿ⺮䣬΢˲Щڷİ׼Ⱥм䡣
֮
ַһҫ۵Ķ֮˸Ѫڿռ䴦ţֻһкü˱նɱ
ַ˵ֻҪ׼֮ˣһлᣬһˡɱһˣ
ȺŰɱһĻȫһȻɱ꣬ƵʦҪһַūȴϷʣַ˳ž¾ȺƵİ׼Ⱥ
νȾѪΪ˭ŭ


0150 ˪䳤
ʱҲսȺ֣ʥŮӣȫѹꡣ
ܼ򵥣ûʽÿһ趯ͷŵĺԽס쫷꣬ٶ죬ǹɼµĺ˪Уٶɴۿۣ޷ʩչ
ŮӣҲ֪˭Ϊλַ㣿
ȺаһŮȴǿʵ˴۾
걻ȫѹƣ϶ʧΨŭŶڣȴƣؽΪЦ
Ӱ֮С
һʱˣ׵׵Ļ쫷磬˵쫷ȫΪһ壬ҳһƬɱ֮һɿ֮֮Ƴ𣬸𺳵ǣ쫷ıԵȫһ֮УޱŨɱ֮ſռ䡣
似
Ⱥ껯쫷磬޾ķкХͷͲԶԶվţɸܵɸ֮ǿ
ͻأģ⻪ǧд쫷бķвϵĳɱȥͬʱвٷйַ㡣
ߡ
һΣдһߣĿ΢ЩͻȻųȺ
䣬ر⡢˪䳤졣
Ųһеһޱ˾̾Ȼһһɱ˪Ϊķѩɫı˪ǿռ䣬ռ仯ããһƬȫһı֮塣
ر⡢˪䳤졣
ЩķУҲΪʵʣȴڿռ䵱Уǣһ
ǰĳ׳
ɱ֮Ϯ껯쫷֮ϣʱûбѣ˳Ǳصĺ⣬ĳ쫷ȥ
ǡ꣡
һϵĴ쫷ͻȻһС룬Ѿ˺磬
߳
쫷統Уһȣʱ߽˲ֱ쫷ҲһӰԶȥֻһ˲䣬ԶĿУźХɱ⡣
쫷վУĿޱȵĿ飬ʱת쫷֮ϡϣŵİɫ˪
ղǹɱ֮⣬̫ǿˣ룬ܽ쫷綼УҪ
Ҳδ뵽һŮӣȴӵ˿ֲʵ̫ˡ
鵹ûĿ⣬Ʈ˲Ϣַߣƻ裬ʱ׼Ⱥһ彩Ӳʴ
Ψַ㣬ûܵӰ졣
֮
ַŲ΢ɫĽƮʱѪɫı˪һ飬вٰ׼֮˵ں׵ѪС
ô쫷ڿУַɱ׼֮ˣɫɭ˼£ɵʵҡ
Ůӣ̫ˡ
ⲻͣ˸ܿ죬ѪȾ˵棬׼ǰȺֻʣһˡ
ǴŽɫߣˣ
֣˿ǽɫ֮£Ҳȼ񶾣ֻп־뺮䡣
ȫˣôǿǰڣȫˣǿ꣬ȴԮңһ¾
ֳֳַⲻѪεڵأŲַ̤㻺˰
ˣ
һ죬һΰֱ˵ϣ˫ȷַ㣬ȴηڣ˵Ľ
ϴûɱ㣬Ƿ̫ʴˡ
ַ㵭Į˵һѪĳԽԽðҡͷǰŵ֧壬ϺˣٶȾȻ
ϴα˵ҪƵңھվǰ
ַŲٿǰһԽӵ
·ߣҪȥұȫ㡣
ַ㵭˵һ裬Ѫڿз漴ڵء

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ڵġ
ɫɭ˵
˵ĵĻˣǾҪģɱǵˣ´໹ҪʲôҪڵġַ㵭Ŀֻ꣬һصϵĻɣ˵Ļ˾ð׳գ˳ס˵ĻֻҪлᣬ׼֮ˣҼһˣɱһˣȻһԵĻҲ⽫׼𡣡
ַĻƮڿУȺ̲סһſˣ׼ҵˣҪһˡɱһˣңҪ׼ҡ
û˻ȥַĻȷʵôģ⣬ǰѰˣѾȫɱɸɾ
ʦȴʵԼɱ
ҼסĻˡ
ɫɭޱȣתŲһ硣
ȻڴʱһɿԵ쫷껯쫷羹Ȼַ
졢쵽˼飬쫷ȫɱķС
ַĿһͣһɼΣյϢһ
ӰŲһ磬ַӰƮȻˣȻһϣؿһĨѪ
ҳҪ
쫷˲Ϣֿ뿪쵽˼飬Ⱥ֪ʲô

ʱһɱÿռֻ̣һѩɫıѩӣƮֻһ˲䣬ʧȺߵС
ͬʱ뿪ͻȻоһɼϢԼɵûһɫ䡣
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Ψһͷ
ġ
һһεĲ˳Ǵʵİɫѩ˲Ϣٵ쫷֮ϣĿȻһ䡢ĶҪס
ۣ
һѪȴǰɫѪҲ˲ӶݣŮӵʵֲ̫Եˡ


0151 
ӰƮȻأַԣ·ʲô¶ûз㣬ǰʥࡢ߹
Ⱥ΢Щ̫ƽǼֱ޷ǰӰǸղһŭصǿߣʱˡ
Ц껹Ҫ͵Ϯַ㣬ȴû뵽ŭʥŮӣĶ㱻⣬Ǳߡ
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û£һѡַЦЦҡҡͷ
ֶȷʵģ֮ʱɲ㽫ĨɱķӦ죬ٶҲŽܵЩˡ
Ȼʵͬ仹㲻侳ȣ̫ˡ
ַа˵ʵĿԽԽǿҡ
鿴һַϵѪۣ΢΢˵ͷû˵ʲôֻ˵ַ
ǻȥɡַ˵һԺԺȸˡ
á
ԺַЦ£ͷͬ̾ʵ
صŮˣǿǳǿ
оղչֳĿֲʵʵ
ַĿɨȺһĿĮ˵סҸղ˵ĻǽңĪַ㲻
һĮĻַ̧ŲŹűȥ
ȺĿ΢ͻȻ뵽˺ħһգħǿǰȥַ㣬ȴʰѩ޷ַ֡
úܶǣַ㾹Բѣ˵ûʰѩħҲκβǰȺΪַʣȻʱҲû˻ַĻַߣ侳ǿ߶ȥοǺħħҪַ鷳Կģַ㡣
Ⱥ뵽ַħԼսвɵԽԽڴַı֣ǹĿ࿴ˡ
ȻĹ⻪̫ҫַۣ֮ͬҲȺμס
ħʵַǱħıǿ֮ĶԾײĻ𻨡
˵˼ַȻ֪ڹű·ϣַ׼ȥһˣȴڴʱһƮַĽŲ΢΢ס
٣ַɫ΢ƮȻ

ַ̤һѧԺ֮ʱܽϵĿ飬һʦַǳ壬ҪԷ¿֮ʱԷΪѧԺʦȻûһ̹߰ȻĴӦؿ㡣
ʱƮеȻյʦƣַһʱ뵽˶Է
ôˣ
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飬ַ˵ȴüͷ΢΢ţ¶һ˿ɵɫʲô
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Ŀ΢ҡҡͷû
ţַ΢΢̣ûַʵֻܻþһƮû
ʵַҪǿܶ࣬Ҳͬû
ΨһĽ;ǣ٣ǿⵯַģַֻ㣬ܹ
飬ȻȥҳȥƬ̡
ַ׺˵һȴûκԥҡҡͷҸȥ
Ļַ£΢΢ͷһɡ
˵ţַĽŲ̤˳ⲻƮš
һЩʱ̣ġ
ʱַ㣬һµıԺУ̨ͤ¥Сˮľ䡣
˳ŹľмСǰһƬӳַ
ǰһƬ֣ɫһڿƮ裬֮ƮУ
ĵطû뵽һѧԺڣ˾¡ַ̾һӡеһѧԺϡΰ˵أȫֽȻͬķ羰
˵Ľ׳ۣӵвϱǿô˵صľҪϯضͥŲһּ䣬䣬Ʒϸˮ
ַҲ̲ס̾һи˿˿Ĺʡ
һһЩʱ̣һµĹַͤߵУ֮ͤڣһʯΡ
һӰǣ˫ˮڹϲһңַ鵽ǰôרע·֮ʱûйֻ٣硣
ˣԺ֮ʱ齫ϵȺʦ
ַ㳯鿴һֻ΢΢ҡͷַһ
ȻǺ⣬㵽ߣ޷ַ֤룬ǿΪࡣ
ÿֲĿ
ַоܹ̾Ʈ֮ԶĶУȴй©֣Կƿֲ
䡢ҲΪģľɣҲˮɡ
һƮ֮ӵʦдƮַĶУַɫ΢¶һ˿ɻɫ
䡢ģľɣ
ߡ֮ģɱߣɱ֮ģּ֮ˣ츳ߣٶȣ죬Ȼߣγɱɱ֮ˣ˭˵в⣬һУľѡ
ɱ̫Ũ㱾ģȴɱ֮ˣɱܹʵڶʱܿ죬ΪûرģľԺʵ谭
һϴַĶУǰ֮һ飬ַƽͣ·һӱðࡣ
ɱ̫֮أȴұģҲ˵ҵΪ뱾Υ谭ҵĳɾ͡
ַ׶Է˼Ŀ͸˼Ĺ⻪
Ҫġ
һַģҲ֮һ


0152 ;
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֮ģȷΪ֮²ַа̾䣬ѹ̫࣬Ҫرģ̫ѣˣΥ֮¡
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ֻҪˣ޷ѵ
ԣЩĴ֮ͽľɱҲɱ֮£ȴ츳ߣʵǿΪ֮£뱾
ʦַָ̡ŵʦ΢΢ǳĵ
ģʦȻ˵޷ΪҪʱģľɱ䣬ľӣϴл۵ĳǳΪ谭
ģϴг
ַһĬɲϵƮַһϯضҲıϡ
ʦɵͷ׺£ͷδ̧
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һľ֮ͣһУ³ĸӡ
ַԺУͻȻೡӸ̤뵽½塢뿪ݳǣֵƺڣǴѪţٵģһĻĻԺг֡
ַԺȴûĳ̹ǵʹ·ԵߵݣĿһУģĻ֮£ޱƽ
ⱾΪַ֮꣬ҲûȥַֿѣΪַͲڱֻϴġ
£УֻǵָһӼ䣻ַƬУȫɣ뵽˯С
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ַ㻺վȻȴڴʱĿ΢΢һ¶һ˿Źֵɫ
侳أ
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ģЧҲֲ̫˰ɡ
ַЩ㵣ȴ¶һ˿Ц⣬侳磬ԽΪɲôףַ㣬ͻƵ侲ΪûжãʱȻٶͻơ
ʦлл
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ʦЦŶַ˵УȻʵɲ⣬ȴûַλʦӵеĸ߰
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áַȻٻͻΪֶΪ
ʦʯ֮ϣַˣһУġ

ַķ֮УʱмӰվ
ַ㡢ơԼƾ
ַĿ⿴ຫƾʵǣȷѾˣ
ţ磬Ѿˡ˵ͷʱϴɫߣūӡס
һūӡܱ׷һ߾磬ܽѪıƤ⣬ܽūӡȥˣƾеҪǿ
˭Ը⣬ūӡ׷һ޷ˡ
磬Ҳˡ
ƾͬͷͺ䲢ַСȴԸַһ磬ַȻҲʲôף䣬ȷҪȺƾ١
ãҲǡַ֣صĵ˵ͷƵƷƣ鷳дһţǴϡ
šƵ˵ͷһȥдš
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ҲҪأҵҡҡͷ
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áַ΢΢ͷƣʱ⻪˸һڵĳǹַС
ţƾͺһַУȻƾճһǹ
Ҫ֣һöʯ䡣
ַ㲢δˣûʲôȻƾȴиַ㣬ΣҲж
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ⳤǹ·ӵ
úս֮ϣҪСġ
ַһԭƾҪǰ߽磬ս֮С

ƾͫһȻ˵
ͨ飬ԪУޱȣ侲˶ԣ̫ѵˣַ㣬Ȼ͸
ƾֻԼ֣ġ
ʱ˹ŵݸ˶гǣҸףˡ
á˵ͷ漴ַ磬ˡ
Сġַصĵ˵ͷת󲽿·ûа˭֪çײ󺺣Ŀ΢΢졣
ƾַľϹҲźȥ
ַ㲢ûͣڣע⣬˵ıӰֻĬأ


0153 ħʨ
վַ󣬼ַ͸ſĴţĿⶢ뿪ʯҵӰİɣǵʵսҲǾӢһΪġ
ַ㲻ÿɷս֮ϣʽ䣬Σأ˭ܱ֤ûΣա
ƾǵϱӡūӡֻܴʾˣսõĹޡ
ַ²ûʶƾľҲΪдѪʷʫһҳʡ
ûָãúϢƼַ㲻𻰣˵һ
ַüë΢Ķ˶ƣЦҲң
ɫ˱䣬Ư۾ַ㣬˭㣬ɫĻ쵰
˵ţƱֱַ߳Цѣɫ֮ǰѲˡ
ҡҡͷַҲ̧ŲŶȥ
ַͥԺ֮ʱִֻ֨ӷ˳ĬĬĸַ
ַͣ½ŲعͷЦ飬ξͲøˡ
ҡͷҲش𻰣ַַǵĿЦԽԽŨҲҲֻ¡
ϾַƺͦǷǵģ˵ǲ١
ģγȥһСģµġֵַ黹޶ԡ
飬Ҵ˴γȥᱩ¶ݣŵĻһ۱㿴óַгһɫߣϡ
£漴ڵԼСġ
šַ㽫ȡ£¶һ˿Цݣ漴תʯҡ
гǣȼ򵥵Ĵţ˳룬ַŲ̤УԪʯûκԥģֱӳķȥ
ϴһУȺվ߲¿ֻͷ
˳м϶֮أַ̤ʯ£еĳ
ޡūޣһֲĻأ޺ūޣƺɱ
ʱһӰ˸ַǰ
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ַǰһλ£漴Ŀ·
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ߣ֮ʱޣɳǱǳ۷˵̤֮ޱȿֲͷ߲ǶԶԶûг졣
ַЩǣǺͰ߲ɱޣַȻϵãҹϵǳ
ְַֺ꣬Եĳӣֳܷǰѩɽׯĵӡ
ֺҲѾ侳Ϊַ㲢ûие⣬ּ֮˶Ʋַ㣬ΪǷΪѾ̤侳أ˵ּӵܣּҵĳҲûмֺ֣굽侳Ҳ
ַĿɨȺһۣƬ̺ͣסһӰʯ֮ϣֺսдʡ
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ͬԴ֪꣬㵽ʲôΪ
ַе˵һ漴ûٿܷԣܷѾĿܷ꣬䡣
תĿ⣬ַֻʱֺɢĺ⽫ȫѹƣʤ
ͬʱַ㲻Զܷ·ʲôüͷ΢壬Ŀת漴㿴һɫߵӰƽǰԶʯ֮ϣƺڿ
ɫߵһǣ˸ŵ׹⻪΢Щۡ
ţ
ܷüͷɫߡ
ݳǣƺǴһɫߣޱֿܷɫߡ
ѵɺϣ
ܷͻأĲһգַɵ̫󣬵ǱΪּӡ
Ӧòƺڱȫ𣬻ŵҪôͶҪôΪūܻܺúõǰţƺġ
ַܷ֪ѵϢĴǧΧƺڣǻѣΪЦµȻᴫȥ
ʱеֺаߣõ˿ƷʯЦ߳
ͬʱ˽ߵʬ̧ߣǣһͷ߽
ⱻǣеޣȺ㶼˫Ŀһ
ֻ޻ǳɫĳɫϣ·һ⡣
ǳɫ֮ϣһ̣а˸ĳɫ⻪
޵òޱȣſ죬¶⣬һ֮⣬·еߡ
𾪵ǣ޵ıϣһ˫ɫ
ÿֲޡַ㿴Ҳ̲סĿ΢ϡֻǿһۣ𾪣ַ㻹ע⵽ĸˣǣ֮ʱСƺЩɵ޻ᱩ𷢶
ħʨȻǳħʨвϳޣһݣħʨпǷǳֲһ֣˳ھͽӽ侳۷壬ಶ׽ΪūޣȻɳΪûκεдԣһЩħʨܹͻķ룬Ϊ֮Բϱǿ
ħʨǣ룬Ǹ˻ڵħʨ弶ޣ֮ˣɶʮƷԪʯʤܿסɱħʨԽǣߡ


0154 
֮˵Ļ£ʱĿ̨
Խħʨǣߣջ󣬲һĴóħʨɳǾֲ̫ˡ
ȻҪħʨǣߣǰǣҪóʮƷԪʯһʤħʨܣ־
ˣȻǲ侳ϵȥμģ侳ΪҪʤǿĳħʨ̫ˣңҪƲħʨɱϼѡ
Ȼǣųħʨֿ˵Ȼμ֮ˣ侳ΪԼ²ſԣ޷ƣħʨɱҲ⳥Ԫʯһ١
ܶ˵ȥ޴ջԵ
ܷУѩʥԺĵӣʱ˵ĿܷԵϡ
Ľʦ֣ħʨҪҪ¡
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Ľʦ֣ԸȥĻҿԺ˵һˣҲûϵֻҪ˵С
һ˿˵Ľһ˵֮һۡ
Ľ֪ԷݣҶԷҲȷ㡣
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ĽʦֹȻȻܹħʦֿ˵ʱȺͳ
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ԭѩʥԺˣѹˡ
ЩʥԺӣλ󣬽϶Ǵ
˽Щ˸Ϊ߰ͷһ
ѩʥԺڴ֮˵ңѧԺܵһ˿ʧѩʥԺĵӣҸֻ֤ʥԺϣʱѾвѩʥԺ˴ʣΪһѧԺٹ꣬ʵ¾ܳԽЩţһѧԺ˦ں档
ʱЩѩʥԺ֮ˣΪѧԺơ
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Ľڵ֮ϣŲ̤ȥȻʱһӰȻĳǰ֮ԡ
һĻĽͫһȻˣǰ档
ȺͬһҲµˣտѩʥԺĵǰƣ֮˶ȥѩʥԺȻʱȴƺôӣֱȵǰ
ЩѩʥԺĵӣɫ˱䣬ǸղźĽ꣬Ŀиһâ
Ľǰ֮˽Ųǰ磬ֻһͽεУɵúȵվס
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ǸѩʥԺû˵㣬ʶΪʲôҪӡ
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ַĻüͷһ壬Į˻⡣
˵ĻٽһַЦǰʱգгŴȻ˽ʧܻǿֹս˲ûһͣҪǲūһţ죬ĿùĺĻҵˣѾ˸࣬к塣


0155 
ַĻ˶˽ǰȷַ˵֮·ڳҲвĿˡ
ʱǿ̨֮ϵ˶ɫ΢䣬Ŀ˸źâ
ȴַߵ˿̨֮ϣ˿ûȥ˼ת֮ĽȥɣȻѾźˣⳡϷҲãôҼʶһѩʥԺжô磬׾ٵľշ޳ħʨ
һȫסˣ˵ղַĻʣôԣ̵ζ̫ˡ
ȣַ˵ѾźˣȻָͶԷѾᣬⰲⳡ
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ַɺܵȻƵᣬȻԽˣ̵ζԽŨ
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Ϊ֤ɡ
˲䣬ȺĿ⳯˵֮ȥȻǰ֮ˣһλƫӡ
Ŀºͣϴһ֮⣬ϵǳЦ׽֮Уżɢʣȴ˸оЩԲλ࣬·ǰԼҪһȡ
ǹ꿴ˣͫһһĨȻ֮ɫ
Ȼ˴˵أȴ˵֪


0156 ΢
ͻȻֵ΢Цַ߽΢΢ͷٴοڵ֤֪Σ
ַ΢Щ죬ԷһЦһ崺ĸоˣʸ߹ƽ׽ˣЦº̫ͣˣ˵κ˿õĸоˡ
ַȻʶˣȴЩܾԷҪöԷ֤
ָоַ΢Щ죬̫ˣò̫ʵ
ȻûǹӵҡҡͷĿɴ֮ɫȻĳֺ⡣
ĽĻĿ΢ҲϵôˣȻ˵ݷͬһ㣬ҲݼߵĹ¶־ɫң֮˺ܹΥĻ
ôֵĿַϣЦŵģڵĻܱ֤ԵĹƽңºû˸׷㡣
ôĿ
ַĿ˸²˵ݣûκ޷²ԷǺˣֻ֪ݿ϶Ƿ
Ȼˣ֤ɡ
ַ˵ͷȻоԷ̫ʵͬˣݣܻᵱ˵٣ңҲȫûбҪ
ллַ΢Цŵͷǳ
ַתĽϣ˵ѡ
ĽĿַ˫۾һֻۣ䣬뵭ȻûκεĽ֮⣬̸η塣
εУǸ˽ħʨǣ߳ΣøַĽ
ĽַˣԶַ˫ôƽ
Ľ΢΢𣬵ѩʥԺӣĽºˣ

ַ˵һ
ʱ̨֮ϣֺܷãȻһ

ôϤ֣ˣȻҲж
գݳǵĻ䣬ַǴɫߣ
ַ㣿ֺ૵гһ϶̫ˣòɴ˵ݡ
ַ㡣ܷҡҡͷַĻô˵ƽĿֻǵɨһۣοַ츳Ȼݳ֮ʱҲ侳أŰʱ䲻Ҳ򲻿ܵ侳ؾ硣
侳صʵ侳أм󾳽磬ҪԽ̸ףһ궼޷һ磬ܿԽ֮ˣţ츳Ϊ֮ѡڰԽ磬ܡ
ֺҲ˵ͷܷͬĻַħʨʵȻ侳أݳǵΪܽô
˴Σһɺ϶ѡ
֮УĽַĻЦһԲѣҵҪƾʲô˿
˵ţĽһţŲĽַѹȶȥһƣȻַоϷ·ѹǧص
ƣ
ַ΢û뵽ԷȻƿһƣǿѹ֮ƣѹǹӵܻԸ⽫ħʨֶ͸ˣĽ츳ȷֵȥ£ֻǣһͷħʨĴۣ΢Щˡ
ַ΢Ľ¶һ˿ɫ˵ʵҲôԼѹȣȡʤ
ļһҵĴѹ֮£ʵܹӳɣңȴܹʮʵҵĶ֣㣬
Ľ˵֮ʱŲһ磬ʱǹѹ֮ƣøӵǿ󣬽ѹַϣޱȳء
ƣΣַЦ΢΢£ʱѹϵƣ˼֡
̧Ųַǰһ̤λһӰѹ֮дС
һϮַϵ죬ϵƮ
ַ㣬ӭѹ֮ƣǰС
ţ
Ľüͷ漴һŲһ磬ʱǹѹ֮ƾХ죬ԽԽǿңַ㡣
ȴڴʱĻַֻ̌ƣǹһĨĻȣַ㣬˿ûǹѹ֮ƣ֮ϣһĲĺâ²֮ǹ
ƣһ־磬ӰΣȴܹѹȶ֣ԼʵȻַľ磬ȴ΢΢֮磬ȶԷƣҪߣڲ֪УܹԷ󲿷ֵƣ˵ĽƣӰ첻ַܶࡣ
ȺڶĲǹâͷѵַ꣬ǹ
Ľʱȴüͷ΢壬ĲǹâûдƣҲûǿҵѹ֮У͸ű˵ƣͷ·һǿΣд
ƿƣǿޱȣͬ侳Ϊ
ĽЦһһ֮ɫŲصһ壬ʱغ¡죬
Ľ壬ޱ֮ƣַ㣬Ӱ֮ϣһɫĹ⻪
ˣʵǿԪ³·Ҫ
Ⱥͷ̾һַΣˣ˲ѩʥԺĵӣȻʵǿһʯ쾪
ǺǣļһﾹԳƶҸҴģĽʦһжӲסһ㹻Ҫ
ѩʥԺȺУеӿ˵ͳʾͬǿַ㣬
ַô侲ĮһУƺûаĽǿҲӰ첻ֺ
˵壬ԽԽԵѹ֮ԽԽǿ󣬻ĳȻ˵ӰС
ַ֮ϣĲǹâŨ£һĹ⻪˸£֮¶
ͣ
һ֮³ڹ⻪һУȶ޷赲סֺֻ˲䣬㽵ĽϣĽһ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
΢֮
һĨ־֮⣬Ľͷɫߣ˵


0157 ʥԺ
΢ǾϵĲࡣ
ƣ磬֮ΪԼãѹȶԷǿǴƣޱȡ
΢ھϵΪһ㣬ûΪϸ΢ƲһȴŻ
Ľƣַ΢磬ͬΪ֮£Ƕ֡
ʱĽҲΪַܹ֮Ӱ죬ԭȻѾﵽ΢֮侳Ϊ΢֮ˣ̫ˡ
ˣĽʱΨһ뷨
ŲȻһ̤ʱĽҲֹסʼˡ
ˡ
Įַ³ַӰƣٵĽϡ
ĴӰڳֹסµǹâĽ嵱Уֻһ˲䣬ݻĽһɱ
ţȺƮɵĳ΢΢һҲ֪еΡ
ѩʥԺȺǽƮɵĳ޲Ŀܹ͸ӣ浽׷ʲô¡
ߣļһﾹȻԳƶ϶ѾĽʦֵС
ʱһЩѩʥԺ΢΢ͷĵһƵ֮
ûһˣλѩʥԺ츳Ľ֣ĽƿƣΪǿһ侳Ϊˣ֣֮Ľ侳صУѩʥԺҲе֣οַ㡣
Ľʦ֣ʤˡǹ국Į˵дŨŨţĽһҪʤǰܵĻ
ˡһĮͻأͷȻһ
һûԼ־һЩֶʾԼǿˣȥ
ٶȴ漴ĳɢַĽӰĳ֡
ʱַ建ĶˣתĽ壬ȴĵȥ
䣡
һϸ΢촫󣬵ȴȺĶݺݵĲ¡
ʤˣʤ֮ˣȺеĽǣַ㡣
һǰû˵ˣɫ߳ȴֻһУɱѩʥԺĵӡ
ַ㣬Ϣδһ£ôƽȻ·ֱ͸д
ˣ
ѩʥԺȺһĿôģŵĿǰһĻַ㣬ֻһĨɱĽ
ѩʥԺţǺǣȻǼʶˡ
ַ㵭˵һ˵ͫһ裬ַ˿˵仰ζ̫ˣڴЩѩʥԺӵͬҲڴѩʥԺ
ŶֻʵѩʥԺܺõȥ
ЩѩʥԺĵһɫѿ˼£ĿҪַȥ
Ӯ˶ѣȴ˽ԴĿˣ̸ǹ꽩Ӳ˵һַһ㶣漴¶˿˿Ϸʵɫ
ܲҪ̶ֳȣҲȷһ⡣
Ҫԣ
ַĿ̧𣬿꣬еĮ³һ䣬öԷĿһͣĽַĶ֣ʵĽҪ࣬ȥ
Է˵ַڵӦսʸûУǷʲôƨ
ɫ࣬дһɱ
˵һޱȣ̵ĹҲ¯࣬սһƫƫԣ治֪߳ܣѵѩʥԺˣÿֻǿһЩ˵İֶΣ
ַûԷĿ⣬ԹԵ˵ҲԣѩʥԺҪ˸оǿģȻʵΣλҲ˵ʲôˡ
ܷĿַ㣬һ÷ĻĻѩʥԺ۵㣬һĲֵһȺֻȴûʵʵ֮ͽ
˵첻ǼѩʥԺĵӶ棬ѩʥԺҲ۵㣬ϴˢ治֪һѩʥԺʲôޣҪ˱ѩʥԺ
֤˵꣬Ŀַһۡ
侳Ϊѵ΢֮򵥰аһ¶һ˿ºЦ⣬һ֣飡
£ʱһӰ˸뿪Ϣ
ַ㲻ٶԣĿ⻺ת⣬ǣųħʨ֮ˣ˵ڣҿ𣿡
Ŀⲻ俴˿̨֮ϵĹһۣĿ벻ûشַĻ
һĻַĲ׽ַЦ²ĹȻûǹ꣬λƺܸߣЩˣ
Ȼ˶Ѿʤˣǻڿʲô
Ǽ֤국Į˵һѩʥԺĹĿһ漴΢΢˵ͷ
ãɶʮƷԪʯԽˡ
Ǹ֮˽ħʨǣεУĮ˵һַɻ
ǹĻѩʥԺĹӣȴƺǼ֤ߣôǼ֤꣬Ǻˣӵ˴ÿһ俴ƽĻѩʥԺĹӲҿܣԹԵء
ûȥôַ࣬㿴ǰĳħʨ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬弶ޣҽܹɳΪޣޱȿֲ
ǿٶܹ»棬˫ա
ǹ껹ðȻ׼ħʨ͸ĽĽǽܵĻԺ˰ɡ
ȡʮƷԪʯַ㽫֮Ӹ˶Է漴Ǹ˷ſ˳ħʨַĿһ˿֮ɫƺЩʡ
𣡡
ħʨַ˻һ漴Ȼһַ˹ȥ޴ſһޱȵ͵³ǰĿռ䶼ӳͨ죬졣
ַŲ΢΢һ徹հ𣬱ĳʱַģ漴Ȼ׹˫ŽʣȻħʨ


0158 
꣡
໡
ڿռƮǰǹ·Ҫѿͷߣǵͳʹ຿С
ǴӳħʨϷ
ֻʱĳħʨַľ޴бϵ̣ģѪӴҲڵأһɫϢƺɫϢɴ˿˿ȵĻ֮⡣
һĻȺĿⶼ΢΢һȻַʵǿ󣬵弶ޣǿĳħʨҲ˵Ĳһɣ
ַԼ£漴Ȼ¶һЦȤЦݣԭˣȻɵİ
лл͵ޡ
ַ̧ͷĿ⿴Զ̨֮ϵѩʥԺӣ¶һ˿ĳ֮⡣
ǿ弶޾Ȼ˵Ĳһֻһֽͣڳħʨֽţ׼ħʨ͸ĻģʱѩʥԺĻǿޣôݰ
ȴɱ˸ַ㣬һеļƻȫңĻ˶ɥַ㣬һͷħʨ
ַʱ˸ղǣųħʨΪλ¶һ˿ʵˣԭˣԷ֪弶Ѿַˡ
һллùɫѿַ㣬ˣڳħʨֽţڰмùΪ
Ȼַ㻰֮ʱ˶ѩʥԺЩڷȥĿ¶˿˿ĵɫ
һѩʥԺ湻޳ܵģȻּùֶƣûʵʵǽѩʥԺöôʥˡ
ǹ۾ַ㣬¶һ˿Ц⣬˵лҸʲôȻƷ˳ħʨԺҪ㣬ɲôףʱ򣬱𱻳ħʨ˲źá
˻ַ¶һ˿ǳȤЦݣ˵İɣ˵ܷҵʵĲħʨ
˵ţַ㿴ǸˣĵڣǲǿԽǣˣ
ԡ˵һ˿ԸĻӦһַ㵹ûмƽʲôǣַ㽫ħʨ˾޴Ρ
ĿַĿɨһΧȺ֮µ¶һ˿õЦ⣬Į˵ܹɳΪ޵弶޳ħʨӦúֵǮɣ
ȺַĻĿһֵͣǮһﾹȻ˵һǱֵǮ
ַ㣬Ǻ⣿
ûȺȴַᶯ£˵ϲħʨĻҲûлõɡ
ַ㻰һ䣬Ⱥһͷݺݵһ

һȻҪǱĳħʨ
ʱַղǾ仰˼ʵħʨҲܱħʨɣΪѹûнħʨߵĴ㡣
ʲôأǿǳħʨ
˶ַһǷˣһδĳħʨΪ̫޴ˡ
Ȼǵ뷨ַɲһͷħʨߡ
׻˵ƥ
û㹻ʵӵٺõıҲֻע⣬ǻˣڼûκεĺô
ַ㣬ҪģʵħʨĻƣὫԼյأַĿ⣬ɲǰǳ
һͷħʨ޷ַԻסҪģѡ
˵ǣųħʨַĽŲ˳ŽϣϷ漴Žķȥ
ˣȻȺַȥƺƵޱȡ
ǵУȥֵģҲˣҪħʨ
ϾЩȺУвӵкܶԪʯǶԣԪʯж࣬ħʨ̫ˡ
ܹһͷħʨѱȵɳΪǸǺεǿߣݡ
гǵʹȺַһˣƺƵ׳ۣߵĶɺ䶯һǿĺһʰȺԽԽ׳ۡ
Ⱥ۷׷ףҪħʨϢҲ׵Ĵݿø߻ۡ
ַЧµľ˲ࡣ
Խ࣬ȻԽңļ۸ͿԽֲԣֻкô
һЩʱ̣һ׳¶ַߵУڣһ̨ͤȻмǧ̨֮ͤࡣ
ȻĹģǰ󣬵ֺ;ۣȴҪÿ̨࣬ͤУԱƷ裬ͬʱıǷҪۡ
ַ㿴е龰¶һ˿ЦݣŲǱ߿ȥ
ȻַҪ֮ʱм˵Ӱַǰ棬ַȥ·ס
ħʨܹӵеġ
һĿⶢַ㣬䵭˵һ
ַĿƽ˵ǵĻжԶԶ
漸ַĻĿһͷţȻһʵ
һƷԪʯħʨøǡֵ
һȺ׳աַ˵һһˣ˭ɱǣ˭ͿƷԪʯõҵĳħʨǾãᷢʲô
ַĻǼɫһ䣬ַ˽ŲԾԾԡ
һ
ַĮʱвٽŲǰ

ԷûзӦַǸһ˿ĮаЦݣ
һɱڿռţַǰļˣһɫѿ
Ҽסˡвһ漴һӰ˱ܵһԡ
һȺ׳աַĿһ˵±֮ǰѧһӡ
ɱǣ˭õҵĳħʨƷԪʯһ٣ַĮƽĻȴǼɫ䡣


0159 
ŵŵʬ壬ַޱ飬⼸ҪħʨҲʱַѾǻᣬǹȴвȻˣǱɱ
ַ㣬ҪԼ֣һ仰ǰһ˵Ĩɱ
һƷԪʯɲһСĿ˱ǳŵõħʨģɱ⼸˿ħʨ֮һƷԪʯȻΪַЧͣɱȺʶʱļһ
ʳеǿߣȻܶడ
ַ㿴ǰȺаԵһǺܶ˵ʵ侳ذأоصˣ˿ۣһɱ¶֮ʱȴĮѪɱ
Ųַǣųħʨǰ治Զ¶
һ̨ͤм䣬һʯ̳ɵĿͨͨС
ַʯͨĽ֮£ֻԷֱվһλŮŮӣԸޣϷź⣬˿Ÿоǳ
Ҫæ𣿡
ַǣųħʨһλŮӶַ΢Ц˵ͣǳĶ
Ҫͷħʨ
ַ΢ЦŻ񣬵
Ůӿ˳ħʨһۣ΢Цӣ
˵ţŮӴַ㣬˳ͨǰȥ
̨ͤŵȺǣһͷħʨɵĿ΢΢һĿַһۣѵҪħʨɣ
ַ㲢ûȥȺĳĿ⣬һܴҺţаѹ֣ƺܹĽ
ʯ·ľͷ̨̨ı޴ĻĻ֮󣬱ĺ̨
ӣ롣
̨ǰ治ԶֳͨŮӴַ㳯һͨȥƹ̨ͨؿĻ֮
ֻĻ֮ȻһĻַ֮أӴǵĵط
ϣλҪħʨ
ŮӶź̨ŵһλ˵ַǣųħʨ߽ʱѾվĿ⿴ǳħʨһ˿Ȥɫ
׼ͷħʨϡ
ЦĿַ㣬Ŀ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬ƺԵЩˡ
׼ңַһ
ǰ׼ҸġЦЦЩ죬ַ㾹Ȼⶼ֪
ɰ׼ҸѹյȺƺΪү׼֮ȥһѧԺʦձŹĻԼѩʥԺȺеĹ꣬ʲôݣǰˣηǡ
ַͷ⣬֪кϵҽգǹҪħʨ͸Ľƺ˵˾㡣
Ǻǣ˵׼ǰʱմһѧԺ˲ˣ󶼱ɱˣ׼ҵѾҪˡ
˵һĿ˸з֮Ŷ·𿴵ʲô
ַ㲻֪ȴгǣֻһˣ򱻺ܶϷ֣Ǽңõ׼ңõǣΪͬһЧȴǾĹϵǿ󵰸⣬Ǽ壬һֱҪ
ûʲôرҪ󣿡
Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ʵ˵Ҫʲôۣ˵ֻĳƷһ
ԪʯͿˡַӦ
ǺãʱҲƷǻᵱԪʯǵƷﻻƷļֵһԪʯ㣬ãҪȡһٷеһݡ
ԣȷ֮鷳óɽټȥһƷԪʯҳŵǵġ
ַ㲹
û⡣ߵ˵ͷú߽һöֵĽɫַ㣬ַƾɫڳħʨȡԪʯ
áַͷ漴ȥ
ŮӸַ㣬ЦŵӣвٺöϢû֮еĻҲԲμ
ȻַЦ£ⲻҪԷ˵ҲȥעģĶ֮Ȼȥԡ
ӣߡŮһֱַָ㣬һ̨һƬ̨ͤУѾŲˡ
ңַע⵽ЩȺУҲв˴ߣַһȻҲ뱩¶ݡ
ΪʲôҪַɻʵ
ӣǹֻнƷĿˣԼһЩݸ߹ˣܹӿʲôƷһŻݡ
Ůַһģʼ˵΢Ц
ַЦ£ѹҲˣΪйƷȻԸ¶Լݣ²Ҫ鷳һЩûдߵˣҲʷǷϴŹ֮Щݵˡ
Щ˼ַ߽Ҳɨַһۣ漴ƿĿ⣬ûж࿴
ӣɡ
Ůָһǫַ̃ͤ˵
ַ΢΢ͷŮѡĵطҰǳܹĹۿĸ䣬̨һࡣ
ŮòԸУҷǳϸģŮӣġ
ַŲָ̊ͤУʯ֮ϡ
ţ
ʱַо˶ԼɵĿ΢ת
ֻĺ棬һŻĿĮĵ㲻֪סҵ𡣡
ַĿ΢΢һȴŮܿ˵λӣλöǿģǵסߣϣ½⡣
˵ķ𣿡ĿתŮϣŮòȻĸĻĿвɵ¶̰֮ɫŮɨţаЦ˵һŮͶѣүźүˣؼúһ¡


0160 ˭ŭ
ŮаĻɫ΢΢˱䣬漴ǼһЦү˵Цˡ
˭пո˵ЦүˣһŮūѣαװôߡ
ǳһĿдһ˿͵ɫΪԵ
ַüͷ΢΢ţʳǵǿߺǺֿܶ࣬ԴĹ幫ӣƺ࣬һôĿˣΪǡ
Ůҧ촽ɫ΢΢Щɷף˵˵ݵȷܵ΢Ҳһū͡ˣȻĻҲվӭͣ˭Цӭڴ½Ƿǳ΢ְҵ
ˣԷҪĻûа취
ǵһΣһλѱһӿأΪӣǿŪˣַǳңҲܻΪŮͷ
ǱѵΪ˷ӭ˵ġ
ŮɫǵаЦԽӵĵ⣬ƺϴɳǼһŪһŮˣŪٲүĻұ㽫ӪУüʵڽʿúһζܳܵסˡ
ŮɫԽԽɷףѿޱȣȻҪܶһŪ
ʱַһ⣬òҪǬ֮˵ԻȻԵá
㲻˵±˲֪ж𣿡
ַԴתɫ֮µɨһۣ䡣
ַĻĿһͣ漴˫¶һ˿֮⣬֪ڸ˭˵𣿡
Ȼַ֪˵ͷ¶һ˿ȤɫĮһЦȻ֪ͲǺֻΪŮ˶ͷԷȣһʱ嶯
˵Ҫʲô𣿡ַ¶һ˿ϷʵɫЦŵ
ꡭ
ַĻ̲סЦַ㣬ˣء
ȺĳЦɫʱһ䣬ȵˣӳȥŮģҴ
ǡڵͤУŵһӰվŲַȥ
ֻŴһǳصĻɫۣɫ䣬վñֱ粽֮ʱһƷ
ַĿ⿴ˣֻһɷӭַһ˸ɴϣѪɷǣˣ
ҸղҲᵽ˾Ӫ֣Īобɣ
ȵȣʱһǻӽŲͣ£˵֮˿ȥ
ֻ˿̣һӰ粽꿪˵٣ˣĹͣû뿪֮ǰ֤λİȫϣܹ£ջس
ȻŮˣϲĻԸ⽫͸٣ٴá
֮˵ǳĿɫ΢滺Ҳ̫ӣϾҲͬһ㣬ôǵġ
ˡɨַһۣĿһ⣬ַܶ㣬ȥ֮󣬱ַ㵹ù֮ʱ
ǼԼ߹үǰʲôꡣ
ɭŮɫҰޱȣĿдһƾ
û뵽ֻΪ˵һ仰³˵ǻûʲôλãȷǿġ
ϣûжԺʹ֣֮ʵˡ
á˿Ů˵ٵĻ𣬻Լȥ
ŮɫޱȲ԰ף΢΢ţ֪ǹȥĻô
ţ
˱ǿзһŮиһ⣬¶ɫصĽŲ̧Ҫȥ
һĻ¶һ˿аЦݡ
̤һŮ΢΢һŲҲͣ˿С
һԼСֱֻۣһֻĴ֣εĿǣ޷߶

ַ㵭ĮĿ˵Ů΢΢һһַ㣬Ŀ¶һ˿жɫȴֲҡ
ﶼȥ
ַ΢΢Ůߣλϣò˵Ŀһ͡
λӣϣΪѡ
û뵽ַôʶ̧٣ѾǸַӣַǹ͵ķϣų汣ַ㣬ƺе㲻֪ô˵Եò̫Ѻá
ΪѣַЦĿ⿴ʵĹͣ
ȻȻҲԷͷ
ȻĹͣΪдҶҪ͸ڳֻΪŭ𣬵ǣûҵںεأ
ַ䣬Էûиء
ŮչдˣΪ꣬ԣҪܵͷ͸ȥŰôַ㣬ʲô
ˣʼգûֱӽӵˣֻΪŭַŭָ
ԷַĻɫһȷֻĸܣѹûпַ㣬ʲôݣַܹȵģôַӦøмŶԣΪǰַ㻯Ϊġ
˿ַĻɾַ㲻ʶô
Ŀ΢΢Ŀַһۣ漴Ů˵˭µģȥź٣û𣿡
걾ַĻŭʱ˵ɵ¶һ˿Ц⣬һʶ࣬Ҫַ㣬ǫ̂
ǸҪ
˵˾䣬ϵЦݸĲã仰Ҳģַ㣬ǸҪ
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0161 
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ЩȺüͷ΢΢һ壬ô£Ȼڹô£
Ҳв˱Ǹַģһǫ̃̄ͤϵʯҵɵĿ΢һﻹ治Ǹǵûа˼ɡ
֮ˣַԵļˣŮڵԼ漴ƿͿĩʯɵһв֪Ǻζ
ȻˣΪŭ˼ɡ
ҲַĶһַ˵һ飬䣬죬Ҳһ
ַ㣬͸ƺâ
ַûںĮĵҽħʨõǵĹͣǣ͵ģ
ħʨȺһǸղǣųħʨˣȻҪ
಻֪ͷ΢Щ¶ħʨǿŲС
ֻǶ棬˵ַóħʨͶԴô⵽أ
ͬǵĿˣҴûǹðң㲻ףֻΪƽϢŭ𣬾ҪչҵˣȥȥŭȴʶûҵҺüŭӣ˴ңҵĸ飬㣬ǾҳħʨҪȥɣ
ַһվ˵ĻһҪҵ֮ǵĹͣҵ𡣡
˶ַĻٿַԵŮԼ治Զ꣬˲ʼĩɼүѹ˲Ըˡ
ƺҲĲ˲رַ㣬ַܲŭΪǶַ裬Ǵַκһˣŭ
ɫӲĿ˸쵰
ַ֪֮ǳħʨҲû뵽ַ㷴Ӧǰ㼤ңִַռ֣޴ӱ⡣
ڴʱһӰ˸˹ַں̨ߡ
Ǹʱǵ˴ܡ߶ַ㣬¶һ˿Ǹɫ
Ǹһ䱧Ǹ͹ˣַ㵭Įĵ
ߵһâ廯һӰ
žһ漴ȺͿһӰһ˦˳ȥǸղַ㣬ҪŮȥźٵˡ
ûõķ˵һһûѧ۵һ˫Ȼ˵ٵλ󣬵ַôҲĹͣ㵱˵Դַ㣬ַ飬ַ㣬ܲŭҪƨɣ²ӡ
˲ǵѪɫѿޱȣַһۣɱַĶУ˿̣ȴаϻ
ǸĺһĿһߵıɵһַǸ
ΪԼ۹жͷŷ֣Լԭһ˫ۡ
ַԷеĶ񶾣䵭ķһɡ
ûУߺǳһȼһŭ𣬶񶾵Ŀַһۣ漴תȥ˿̵į͸ղŵȣγķ
뿪߶ַ¶һ˿ǸЦݣã֪Ƿ⣿
ַ㿴һۣ漴ָǰŮҶܵ裬裬Ҫ㲻ܾɣ
ȻԺˡ߿Ůһۣ˵Ůַ㣬Ůǲȱ͸ַ㲢ûʲôֻҪһ˳ǡ
ַ΢΢˵ͷ⣬󣬼ȻڹϣйӣҪʲôС
ַĻ£еøַ㣬ƺѾֹһˡ
ַĻ£漴꣬˵٣ϣܸһӣҪڴ˵£֮뿪֣ǲܣȻҲܲš
Įĵ˵ͷĿⶢַ㣬͸˿˿⣬ַ㣬˵㣬Ƭ̡
лܹ⡣ߵ˵һ漴ϣҲܹĹأˣ˵
˵ַ꣬һۣ漴˸뿪ߡ
ַ㿴ʧӰЦ߻еİʾ٣ȵԶԸַ㣬Ȼַ£öԷˣֻƽϢ
پô
ӣлл
ԵŮַ㣬дŨŨĸм֮⣬ȻףַҪˣǿǵˣ³һܱҡ
ַ㣬ǽӻоȳ
˳ѣлʲôַ㲻ĵ
ŮȴҡҡͷַͬĻɫߵ꣬򵥡
ſ񣬵ȴ˼ϸ壬ҵһʯѣǹע⣬ִò档
ŮҲôַ࣬㣬ֻимô˵ַ㶼Ϊǹ꣬ĻַԲ͵⵽衣
ǰֻǽū澣ߣƯõļֵûУûеõء
ַ㣬˶ԴΪô飬ӴˣַˣأĹ
㣬ַԼû뵽ģ£ֻǶԵԼĶѡ
ŮΪŵǹģַ㣬ܲܿôһƯŮӣԷУܵ˵衣


0162 Ե
ʱУ̨֮ĻӰĻ˳һ˺ȻǸղŵߣһˣס˫˫šͬʱϣӡһ޴İ֡
ɢҵĳ˶˿˿Ե֮⣬䡣
ūޡ
ַĿ΢ȻūҲ
ˣȻԵҰ
ʱȺūޣϵͺЩȥˣжһĨ֮ɫ
ԵǰԵ
ڽԵóˣеĺܶˣȺܾˡ
ĿһɨȺȺе˷֮ɫҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ե侳Ϊսʮһʤ
ߵĮĻȺȻһʮһʤÿֲսʮһһܼɱ˰ʮһͬޣֲ̫ˡ
ַҲͬͷ΢򵥵ļְʮһʤĺȴζŰʮһ侳ص˰ԵУʮһλǿߣǸֲ֣ðʮһλͬǿߵѪɾİԵ
ļֵҾͲ˵ˣλֻҪףԵ̤侳磬ǳ֮£ʱ˴ȣӵһȰ˴ӵūޣҿһ¡ߵȻһЦֵԵ׼ۣƷԪʯڣʼ
߻£ʱȺóӰԵûڽǸ˴Ӱķ绪ԼūޣԼжô硣
·ǲȺĳȣԵͷ̧ʱһĵ֮⾳Ŷޱȷ񡢰ԵʹȺһĿ⣬ͷ·һƵâܹˡ
ԵɨȺ֮£ַϣԵĵַ֮Ŀ⵱Уͬһķ֮һ˳ޱȵķ񣬷·ҪһС
ǣ֮⾳
ԵĿַͣϣ˵Ŀڿн㣬뽣ײһεķ֮ڿռ
ܿԵĿƿˣַͷһɣȴ
ðԵĵ⣬ūޣ˵֮ƣ
ַͷѹֶԷȡðʮһʤһܼƵ򣬱Ľǿܶ࣬ټǵ֮ƣͬУе֡
һƣ΢ܹ֮ѹסԷİԵ
ַĿȣ侳صūޣһɱʮһͬǿߣ̫ˣܹõҲӵһ侳ūʱ򣬸жô硣
ƷԪʯʱ˿ڳֱۣһƷԪʯ
ƷԪʯһ֮ûκεԥ۸񣬻ܵ͡
һ侳ΪūޣҲֵߣһɱ˰ʮһλͬǿߵūޣֵֹǷʮһδ侳ū޷ֵ
һǧƷԪʯ
һĮַ̲ס鴤£Щˣ渻ԣĴʯУҲƷԪʯַ㱾Ϊܶˣʱ֣ԭĿ
ŸոձۣҲū޵ļֵͿҵ
ǧƷԪʯ
ַ뷨ոһĿһ
ǧƷԪʯ֣ÿֲˡ
ңǴַ󴫳ģ֮ˣꡣ
ȺҲһ㶣¶˿ЦǧƷԪʯܹģң۸񣬹ˡ
߼ȺĬ£ЦЦٺ۹⣬ǧƷԪʯδ侳ū֪û˾ۡ
ߵ˿˿ջ֮⣬ȺɳĬδ侳ڱϾǣǧƷԪʯ۸ֲ̫ˡ
ǧһƷԪʯ
ʱһƽȺһĿ⳯Źȥ⿪֮ˣȻǸղһȭʯˣַ㡣
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һͷħʨļֵ϶ȰԵҪߣϾֻҪħʨɳΪ֮£ңħʨܹΪޣ
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0163 ֲļ۸
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ߵĻ£ѹֵ˳վƷԪʯһǧ
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ҳһǧƷԪʯ
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ַҲܵȻ̨ͤУԼҲ͹˳ħʨļֵڿԵĳļ۸ףħʨļ۸񣬻ֲ
ԱŵŮĿȤĿַ㣬ɫߵȻƽ
үԺӦôƺŮַʵ
ƺַ£ͽҷٰɡ
үҽѩŮ˵һַ΢΢ͷƬ̵Ĺ򣬳ħʨļ۸񣬾ѾǧƷԪʯҲܿܵԵĳļ۸
ַĮɨַһۣЦ
վߵԱߣˣգħʨɴڱصãͷλӣҪԺұѣλӲҪҲѶɣĻ㲻̫ˡ
ɴϵĻȺĿʱһ쵰ȻѹˣĻвˣҪѻǵˣѡ
ܶ˶ɴϣ뵽Էڹ򣬶ɣҲҶԡ
ʳǣֻһλ壬գ
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ɴϵһ˿Цݣַ㿴һۣҪõĶôַԵԪʯ
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ĮԵٶȴ漴ȺУһӰվͷ֮ɫͷĿ⣬˸ŽɫĹ⻪Ϊ졣
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ҪΣʨɫĮ˵ɴϵһͣɫӲĵǺǣԭŸͽȻҪұӣˡ
ʨĿתûɴϣɴϵɫԽѿӣǶˡ
꣡
һЦͻأĴڰĿռԵøĴ̶ɴĿ䣬תַϡ
Цʲô
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ǧƷԪʯ߳ջ֮Ļ£ٶȼӼۣȻ׾Ӯʨϣ󣬵ôҲҪԣǳħʨ
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ѹ˶˵ƺѩ¹ǿЩСģ˻治١
ַ㰵пƺڣȷ˦ԶˣԴϱԿûʲôһѧԺӵĴԪƺûУţһӶ⿪һƷԪʯۣյƺڣƷԪʯǳ󣬸ܱȡ
һһǧƷԪʯǻɫѿмһʵѾƿҪ޵
һǧƷԪʯʨٶȿڣȺȻһ漴϶¶˿ЦȻûܹùһһǧƷԪʯ嶼ò˵ˣûپˡ
գħʨʨһǧƷԪʯļ۸
ַǴһ˿Ц⣬۸ѾˣŵȥһƷԪʯ˸ںˣַ㣬û뵽˿ֲļ۸
ΪħʨܹǧƷԪʯͲˡ
ѩһ̨˴ǵڶĻ߳һƷԪʯݵַǰ
һƷԪʯӦõģԼ㡣
߶ַ˵һַЦ£һƷԪʯԤϵҪࡣ
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߶ַɫߣóôƷԪʯҪַ㣬ȴû뵽ַ㾹Ȼӵдʯ䡣
ʯ䣬ɲһܹӵеģַ㣬򵥡
ַ֮µһ˿ȻЦݣûд𻰣ҲûжʣָָԵİԵԺˣ㴦á
ʱ΢Щ棬Ե侳Ϊޣŵƣַ֪ʵΣܷ񽵷ūޡ
߰ɡַ㿴˰Եһۣ˵һ漴̧Ųȥ
ԵϵѾȫ⿪ޱ飬̧ŲַĽŲ
߳Ƭַ̣ĽŲһ٣漴عͣ½ŲɫĮİԵ
ū޽⿪˼ȻԼ뷨ôʵϾǣˣ


0164 ֣ɱ
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ַĻԵѩĿһͣĿַ㣬ȻԸ⽫ԵߣǻǧƷԪʯŽԵǧƷԪʯ˵һʴĿԹūˡ
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ֻһѡĻᣬҪô뿪ҪôңԶѡ
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Ե˿̵ľϵˡ
ԵĿ⽥÷һַ֮㣬͸֮ɫߣַôĵĮ˵š
ԽǧƷԪʯӵðԵߣԵѡûٷڵȨ
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áַ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǧƷԪʯūޣôðԵߣۣܲԵԸȻá
סҸѡĻᣬ뿪ûУѡ˸ңȻˣ㱳ңһڸҡ
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գûַ㣬ᱻ£ˣȻҪȻƷūǣַ㽫ˣԸߣַ㲻Ὣūĳֲ϶ԣַ㣬ж
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ԣַѡѡԼж֮ˣȥðһԣǸַ㣬һūˡ
Եѡ˺ߣȻѡ㲻ڡᱳѣԼѡ·ַûбȹ
߰ɡַ̧ŲѩͰԵַ
ʱԵĽŲڲӿЩַԶ˸ǡ
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ѩһˣȻɴߵλӡ
ᡣַ㵭˵һѩתȴ޷ֵַȻԷҸ֡
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һ侳صūްԵԼӵйƷԪʯַ㣬ǲС
ż棬ӵӰø飬һ΢磬ڴϸַ˵ľ롣
Ȼʱַ˵򣬿Աߵһ¥С
üͷһ漴󲽿һ۾¥棬漴Уûַ˵Ӱ
¥
̧ͷ¥ݵķȥֻһ㿡ݵӻĳ¥Ŀ˿˿͵Цݡ

ӽŲһ磬¥ݱȥ
ҲڻӿϿҪ¥ʱһӰվ˶¥Ľݿڣסȥ·ֳֳ͸ױȵİԵ֮һƵ֮⾳ڿţ˵ͫһ
ǿҵĵ⣬ԣǵƣ
ӿŰԵĮĵԵ٣ٱػƴ㣬αѰ·
ԵûӵĻеĳľһȵĵ֮ƣӿռ
ն
ԵԾ£һ貵İ׹⣬ռ·𱻸ѣȻһۡ
¡¡ľ촫ǿҵĵ̼֮ѣɫһ䣬ȵ
˵ţ˫Ͳ¶ӭ貵һ壬ڵ֮ԼԼķ֮£ӿм罵䡣
Ʋ׼շȻڴ˿̣һɾǿΣд󣬴
ͷȻһͻȻָоղţĶ
תĿ⿴棬漴˸ղ㿡ݵ꣬Ե꣬˿̣ͫף䣬޾ɱ֮⣡
ģٶȺݺݵĳ鴤£


0165 ı

ĲϲԼʲôȻ˴εĿַ㣬ˣղ㿡ݡǺЦꡣ
ʱ򣬿ǹɰԵ׵ĵٶȴֲĵ֮ſռ䣬ӵӰڿУԥˣǰԵİԵǴʱӵлɫͫ׵ַ㣬޾ΣУˣΣ
ʯ֮䣬ѡ侳صİԵо£ǽ󱳽̫ΣˣԵ£Ѿʮһͬޣū֮ͽ
ȣ
Ͳ£죬ڿж׹壬Ӳϰһɱͷţޱȡ
ɽռһƷ粨ƣӭǵն£ԵޱȵİԵ
¡
¥ĿռҵĲ£ΧԵľ͵ž¥װΣȺϵĺˣξֱӱѣըɼɵ֮жô
ɾ֮£弱½Ŀɨַһֻۣ˿ַҲˣĿôı顣
ɽƣ
һȣֱַĳһƣԵ
ȻڴʱͫȴһĹâ˸
ͣ
һ촫·ʲô˰㣬漴ӻһҪƶȴѾˡ
ʱӻӳƷֱַۣεĿסַһֻ֣һذףذףΪذѾû˻ӵʺֱֻ档
ӿǰռ䴦ַĲӰδɢĲӰһٶȣô˵Ŀ죬ң׵ͻ
±ӣҪˡ
ַĮذװγѪڵ棬ӵĺ£漴建£˫ۣŵģ޷Ŀ
ַ㽫Ѫذײøɾ漴ĿҲָ糣ɫĮƽĿһ۵ϵʬ塣
侳ؾ磬ǰԵԷƵû·ࡢ׹޷ַҲܹ׵֡
ʱԵѩѾ˾¥ַῡݵݣж΢Щ
ÿµ츳ַ㲻ʮҰɣѾ˿ֲʵһɱ
Ե֪ԼʵôģѪһ߹İԵַ㣬Ϣ񣬶ޱȵ׳棬ʵʵսǿҲܲһ
ѩ˸ղΪַ侳صΪһЩ˿ȴûôˣôҲû뵽ַ֮£ӵôһ㿡ݵףãĿ⾹ƿ
ߡ
ַ³һֻһ֣˵꣬ĽŲ뿪˾¥
ԵѩҲ̧Ųַȥµϵһʬ;¥ȻȺ
ղŵͷβƬʱ䣬һ侳صǿ߾ôǵǰĨɱˣǱ˸Ĩɱˡ
ϿŰūӡūޣ㿡ݵ꣬˲ĥӡ
ȻڴʱһӰ˸߽˾¥УȺͫһ
Ӱ֮ʱϢǸ飬ֻһͳǵǰֲܿ
ˣ
ֻӰŵϵʬ壬¶һ˿˼ɫ
һӰһǿҵĲ˳ϵʬ֣漴һ죬ʬ徹Ȼһİ׹⣬ƾʧ
˵ͷݺݵĲ£Ŀ͸һĨη־ɫ
侳
Ӱ侳ǿߣңƺҲǸŸղǼ˶
ֻӰ˸£˲ʧȺĿ⵱УֻƬ̣ͳ˾¥֮⣬һԶ򣬺ӰٶҪ˸
ʱ򣬺ӰĿ΢΢һҪ˸ͣ
ΪʱںӰǰ治ԶһӰվ
ʤѩƮȻɡ
һλŮӣֻһӰ޵㽣վͺһҪһС
֣
ӰӰûٶһۣܹжϳԷһǿߣ侳ǿߣʥİɫӰΣա
ôãͣˣ
ʥӰתձɴסֻǸ޾Ҫһɴ֮µա
ԷǺӰδйģҲ΢΢¡
ޡ
ʱ⾪޵壬̤źӰ
ռ䣬ȻޱȺ䣬Ӱÿһռк֣ΧһƬռ䣬һ㺮˪ޱȣԶȺҲͶĿ⣬¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ӰĿ΢΢̣һ廯һɫļʸѸ磬һֻĲд
ģ
յ֮УһĮ³ʱӰȻһӲ䣬Է³ģ·һ㺮Ҫ⡣
ĺؼţӰ޾ı趯һֻİɫڿռţλù
ꡢ꣡
ؼĺԽԽŨƬռ䣬·𸲸һ˪ӰļŰɫ˪֮ϣñΪ֮
⺮·޾·Ҫ磬⡣
˪䳤죡
ĮٶȴǾӰ³ؼĺڳ׵ı⣬Ƭռ䶼⡣
Ӱֱ޾ĺϮĲ޾ǿԪ¶֮ӿȻ統УһжѾޣԽԽֱΪһ飬ѹ壬գ塢ģһ𶳽ᡣ
ڣӰֹͣԶȺͷĲš
ǿʲô
һƬ磬һ޴ĺ緿ݰ󣬽ǵӰС
ֻʥӰżһ棬漴ʧӰ·ûгֹ
ãǿ麮ѣ鿪޾ˮڵ֮ϡ
м䣬һӰѱ
Ӱ侳ǿߣʱȴֻǾǣϢû


0166 ū
ַ㲢֪뿪¥֮һУȻĸӦǿ侳Ҫɷֲˡ
ַ֪飬û뿪ң̤ѧԺ֮ʱһֱ
ʱַɫٶȴϣָֻĸоַԵİԵҲͬϴߣȷʵͭɫģԵǺͰԵͦ䡣
Եеū˸Լ˵⣬뵽ط𣿡
ڵ·֮ϣַתĿ⣬ŰԵһ
Ե£漴˵ͷȥЩū˵ʣūһЩӢܹѱģǻԼ£Щѱ޷ѱģǾͻŵȥҲ޷ã⣬ūǻȥЩҪū޵ˡ
ַ㿴˰Եһۣһﲻ˵Ҳ֪Ȼѱ޷ѱūˡ
ᱻﷷַ׷ʵ
ԵҡͷûлӴǵ飬ֻ֪ԼΧһС
ַ¶һ˿˼֮ɫȴԱߵѩǱȥūгˣⲢʲôܣЩֻҪҪūޣǰūгԪʯֱӹūޣһ
ūгַһȻֵط
ѩȥַ㵭Į˵һ
ѩ΢Щɻ󣬿ַһۣ漴˵ͷá
漴ѩ̧Ųǰ·Ƭ֮һ˱ūг
վڽг棬ַ㿴ǰĿͫȴһ
⽻гһĽֵڽֵԣһūУ棬Щū˵Ȼǣȴǰѯʽū
ū൱ǽ֮ûκεȨ
ЩūӡūǿսҲǵĳЩʹūӡͱƺڣţһŵˣͱūӡΪ˱΢ūŰ裬ʱ
ңūг֣мĴ֮ϣߣѡصūкܶ඼ǹ֮ˡ
ַ˿⽻гУĿҵһεɨţūоݵġ׳ʵģзǳԸеŮūһЩɫ֮˵𣬹ȥܡ
үū󲿷ֶ侳ūޣ侳޼۸Ƚϰ󣬱ʳǵļ¢ˣūг룬ҪҪȥ
ʱѩַ˵һȻַ֪˵ĿģַʵҪū޵ĻȻѡ侳ˡ
ãȥ
ַӦһŲǰУַȴоЩеūһǣϺܲڣңЩūˣĿҲ˸е
Ƭַ̺ūг룬ʱԱߣûкطһΣһ޴ĽһС͵Ĺű
үūгĽ׳ٷ֮ʮ侳ūޣ¢ϡ
ѩַĶߵһֻڹű֮⣬һӰַˣѩַүҲЦŵλүҪūұ֤һѡūޡ
ȥַ㵭Į˵һɫµ
ãү¶˿Цݣַ߽ݰĹŽ
ⱤܿǳĴһλñסȫūޣһɢڵϣַ߽ǵĿַ⳯Ͷȥʱַоһɷ
үѡģϵǵʵһ侳һأ侳ء
ֶַ˵һվŵ棬ַȷһۿԿūϵӶƲǵʵ
ٶ侳ūޣĻ侳صūˣһɴɡַԵɨһЩūٶȫ侳䶼棬ܹһɿֲһš
үģЩūǴкܶ඼ƺڶķ²ƺڣǴţˣеŵӣһЩĵӣԲʧ
Ա֮ڵ˵ַ֮µ΢΢һƺڵĵӣ̤Ьٴ
ϴ˵ǽƺڵ͵ַϣҵƺڵˣſ
Ǻǣƺڵĵӣô˴ҪȥһɭֵĸأҪһЩ˿·ʱ򡣡
ַЦЦūĿһĶַ㣬ȥɭֵĸؿ·˵ˣҪȥ쵰
ٺ٣үĵȷʱ򡣡ԱЦ£ȴַ㣬Ҳ֪ĸӵܣȻô׳գĿĶ˵
ūޣʲôַۣһ
侳һصģʮƷԪʯؾģʮƷԪʯؾİʮؾ١ؾ١ؾһǧ
ַ΢΢ͷеū޵ƺڵĵվߡ
Ա֮⻰ǰַ㣬׳գ
ЩūҲƳַһۣȻ֪·˭ԸȥҲûƺڵıǩԼ˵˭֪ǡ
ԱߵİԵѩַܲ
ַȷʵĿɣһ˿Ĺһֻ֣ӻг漴֮ϡ
ַһָֻ֮ϣһöͨʯ䣬ۣܲеūöʯ䣬ͷȴݺݵһ
öͨĽָﶼע⣬ǣЩūޣвգöʯ䣬ǴƺϹָϡ


0167 
ЩƺڵĵһվĿⶢַָ˵ַָϵʯ䣬ҪøһЩ
ʱַĽջأ󣬶ȺԸߵˣվ
ЩƺڵĵͷݺݵһϣĹâ˸ţʯ䣬ַ㣬Ҳһƺˡ
Ըߡ
ʱһӰŲǰ֮ǰĿһĨ֮⡣
Ը⡣
ҲԸ⡣
ԽԽվ˵һĻǸЩūǣĿ͸ŨŨɻôôԸַȥ
ѵǾôᱻεУ
ԵѩҲȵĿǰһУĿ⿴ַ㣬¶˼֮ɫôᣬַղǶ˵Ҫȥɭп·Щ˾ôĸԸ
Ƭ̺ߵǰū޾ȻʮˣַпһգƺвѽѣûбɱҵǣȴΪūܶУкܶˣ׵ū֮ء
ǳɣЩūޣҶҪˡ
ַ㵭Į˵һǸĿ˸΢΢˵ͷȻв⣬ܹôū׳ȥȻǺ¡
ȷҾôǳ˿ǸûֺõЦĿ·һ˲һˣʣȫˡ
ַĿ˶Էһۣ漴Ȼôūޣ˵Էʵǿַǲŵġ
Űɡַͷ˵ԷǵԼѹסôūַҪѹ
Ȼˣұǳˡ˵ͷȻߵмȱڴǾɵ⿪ȱڴȺԸߵģһ˭Ҷɱ
£ڴϣһɱ֮ڿռţַ˸žâ
ǿ侳صΪ͸ղŵˡ
ȺͷСһ˶ǿɵȱ߳סͷĲַĿһĨȣܿ죬ʮ侳ޣվַ
ԪʯַĿƽʵ
侳һء侳ء侳ء侳ء侳أ侳֮ûУǧİƷԪʯɡ
Ĭ£漴ڵ
ַ΢΢ͷ⻪˸ʱһŨŨԪַУԪʯ
ռ䣡
һַ㾹Ȼӵдռ䣬ܲء

ַ㽫һԪʯڵ֮ϣ˵
ֻǵɨ˵һۣ漴ЦˣԴ뿪ˡ
ãַ΢΢ͷתȺһۣ˵߰ɡ
˵ţַŲʮū޲Ȼһ£Ĭĸַ𾪡
Ͳǽū֮ʱ龰̫죬Щ˾ַ°㣬ĸ
ַ˵ıӰǸĿ˸漴¶һ˿ЦݣַıӰүߡ
ڴϣַһԵøۣʮūޣϿūӡܲȺע⡣
⻹Ϊ˵ʱū׳ǻһطעĿ

һѧԺԶһۡԺ䵱Уַ㣬ԵѩԼʮū޳䳡С
ۡмɽ̨ͤ¥УСˮԼϷ⣬ַչĸۡȥƷԪʯǳİ
ַ㣬ҪôһطһѧԺϾȻӵһѧԺȨһһ˶֪ܲܽôƺ֮ˣѧԺȥǷǳ㡣
ЩƺڵȺһַ㣬ĿдżڴҲżǶҪַ֮µݡ
ӵʯˣ˭
ַˣĿƽȺɨһַ֣㿪ڵܿˡ
˵ţַ㽫ַ֮ϣĿ֮£߻ƿ
䣡
ַݣȺȻһַ㣬ӵʯˣǹȻʶƺڣַ㡣
գַһɱŵӣŵһңһ
գַվ̨ϣʳϣ֮ޱ硣
ˣַ㵱δϣһ죬ַƺڣѩ¹Ŀ
Ȼַһգѣƺڡ
ڽ죬ٶȿַ㣬Ǿɾ޵ŵӣգΪܾ꣬ǣܹ
ַ㣬š
ңַ㽫Ǵū׳˳Ӵˣǲٻᱻ˵ūԴַ˵衣
ôңҲô˷ܣˣǵϣӡūӡǵģ޾衣ַ㿴˷֮ɫ䣬һ麮˵˲һ䣬ûǵϣӡūӡ޷ѵūӡǣūݡ
θǵαūӡ𣿡ַĮһɺ⣬ǵţūӡǳΪū
Ϊŵʵƺڱûκεķ֮ǣΪʵԣǵϣ˿ūӡ衢裬˰ڲַȻ˵ңԺʵɰѲǣūҲͱץȥߣһͷһ
ַ̫ÿһ䣬ȺͷûǻʵūˣԶı䡣
Ҫ衢ҪıԼˣū˰ڲҪѪȥԼܵʹࡢ裬Ψһ·ַ΢΢ЩĿ⻷ȺֵǿǿϱǿΨбǿǵˣŻı䣡


0168 
ǿЩƺڵĵӣһĿͨ죬ַ˵ûƺʵǿ˭ǹǿΪū
Щ콾ּԸһţһңǲŽأЩߣȴֻ裬ΪūūۣԴǣʡ
ַ㿴ȺķӦаοЩ˶ȭͷգӵǿҵĳ֮ģ˭ūӡΪū֣˽ǿʳķǱǿģ㣬ǵ־ǿҡ
â˸ַУͻȻ˹似մƺڹŵеõģƺڵˣá
Ϲǰ֮λңЩƺһЩĹ似Ʒǿûʺģȥ
ַ㽫Щ似ڵϣȺĿһ似޵Զô
̤ǰѡ似Ҳвԭأַ㣬Ŀ˸
ȥַŲһ̤һڿţЩѡ似Ⱥͷһ̧ͷַ㡣
ȥ
ַ𣬺ⱬ䣬Щ˲ַΪζŭǶ˻ȥ
ЩղվûжȺУ˶ַ΢΢׹Ҳַ㹪
Ŀ⿴Ⱥַһ˿ɫĮĵҶǣʧ
ַĻȺͷ΢΢һ
ҲҪǺһֻ뿴жڹ似ǰܹ侲һֻǰ棬ȴƶ޷ˣΪǿߣҸǣǳ˵Ρ
ַܲ˵֪ǲΪūˣ֮ģˣҾǳѵǻΪҪһЩֻ似òضûУ˺֮׸ƣźһСˣ
ǣʧ
ַظһЩū޸оϻġ
Ƿǵ𣿼ǧƷԪʯѵΪҪһȺû֮ģֻ֪棬ȴжǵСˣǣΪ棬ǻͬ顢Ҳҡ
ַ㶢ȺȻҲǸղֻˣ˵ЩǼס£ңһˣͳ嶯ܾͻҪǵ
סҲҪҪСˡַ㵭Į˵һֵûߵģڣ˵
˶ַ㣬΢΢ҡͷ
סԼѡ񡣡ַ˵һ漴ת̧Ųϵ似ѡǾڴ˵˶뿪ۡºһ
ַ̤뿪Եѩĸ档
ԵҲ⡣ַԵİԵ˵һеݹһԵ⹦ʺ㣬⣬Щˣ˭̤⸮ۡ벽ɱ
ַɱִһ˿֮ðԵѩĿһַ㡣
ַޱ飬Ų̤뿪
ʼռţһ磬Щˣƺڵˣַ㣬Ԫʯȥǣù似ǣΪģΪƺ֡
ǣַǣǲ֪ж͵͵ѡ뿪Сˣ֪ܡ
ңѡ뿪һ̣עƺû˹ϵһƺ޹ص޳Сˣַ㣬źãѵȽһ챻˳
⸮ۡеȺƺѪҺַ㲻׵ǳ¡
ԵԭأһַıӰ漴ͷеĹݺݵһ
ԵԵԪΪؼƷǿԪԵ絶һС
Եؼ
Ե⹦ƺΪ׼ңǿֲĵؼ
̧ͷԵֿһַıӰַģ׽͸ɷϣַ㣬ܴǳ
ô˦һؼԵȻƮȻȥִΣԵĶ΢Щˡ
ƺǷַ㣬ԽԽࡣ

ַصһѧԺѩȴԼסǣ漴ԼȥһУ١
ʦƺԶʮָ
ģҪ٣ϴļ䳾
ַʦ˰գ뿪һ֣صűУȴδסֱ߽С
֮Լ޶ֻǵָһӼ䣬ַȻħԼ
ʵ侳أƣ侳ص޶ܹܡ
ǣħʵ侳۷壬ѧԺУͬУû֣侳صˣܶ඼ħսɼħ
ħʵһѧԺʮǿʵȥģ˭Ҳ֪µԼ֮󣬺ħΪ᲻ǿ
ַ㣬ڵʵǷȱ
ħսʤ侳صˣַ㣬ҪԶԸһ侳صǿߣѡ
ھ¥УûаԵϣʩչɱһǻӣԸɺܴš
ַһʹҴǰһ֣ľ漴УеҪʵ
Σַ㲢ûȥĸ߲㣬ֱĵ㣬ǲڵϣܹоص״Ԫǳǿҡ
˾ռ䣬ַͣƺҪңɵ͸֮ɫ
ַ֪ǽϵλǿߣȻڵңҪ֪ǰ㣬ȫǱԤ˵ģרҡ
Ҳ˵ÿһңˣǲڣңҲǣ̤롣
ԣַҵʱ֣ңǿŵģ棬ȻûЩˣߣֱϲȥ
оǣҵʯ֮ϣһܴĽ֣ڽֵԱߣһ˵֣


0169 ˭ɱ˭

ַ㿴ʯϵĴ֣¶һ˿䵭Цݡ
ѧԺԴѧԺĵӣ
ʵǿҲʹãǣ㲻ڣҲռʯң̫Щ
ѧԺԴԼõʱ򣬾׼ʹã
ַ֣Ǿ޴ĽִʯĨȥûпԱߵ֣˭ҪֻҪʯңǿŵľС
ȡһЩԪʯԪʯ۵УʱԪʯһ⻪˸Ҳͬʱҵʯ֮ϣһĹ⻪תͣ
¡֮ҵʯŴ򿪣ʱһŨԪַֻޱȳ죬
ŲַҪ̤ڣȴڴʱһվס
ַŲһ٣漴عͿһٻӰ
һŮӣԸеŮӣϸˮ֫ڶţṲ֮̊ʱһȻ֮⣬Ƿַ壬˳ֳһ޵ߡ
ַĿһĨһɫŮӲƣģҲƲ࣬ϵȻ֮ȴҪǿˣ·֮ʱزͦǣ֣Ըеýֱ۶ȫ¶
濴ַܹŮǰһĨѩ׹֣ͦ˿˿˵Ĺ󣬼ֱ
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ַ㰵˵ͷһĨ¶֮޵־ǿңֿջҲͨǿܶࡣ
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ŮЦ˵ЦУַȴоһ˿⣬ָʹ
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ȻԿ̣ΪβĨȥַҲûзϣĮĻӦһ
Ůӿַ㣬ͻȻУ¶һ˿ЦݣַĿΪ֮һ͡
漴ֻŮߵһ⣬ȻֱӶҾһȭ˹ȥ
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۸ҡ
Ůӳˣһ߳ϣǰķڶԷĦţǱĿһ漴̰ɨһǷĲλһۣ˵־ᶨױŮɫҡⶼԵģǲŮɫżһζ˻ܾ
ڽּƷŮˣ˵һѧԺûŮء
һ꿴ڽĦţһ˿֮ɫڽǾͪͬǴѾãϧһֱûлõһѧԺˣ˭ڴŮˣȻһҹ
³ǣ˾ȻҵңʯϵֶĨȥˣ۸һŮӡ
ڽſ³ǵߣſ³ǵ֣Ĳλڿ³ǵֱϣÿ³ǵһ
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֪ļһңҲܶġĿⶢַ㣬ɫĮԵ硣
Ǻǣôûнء³ǲʾַһЦ
֪ַĿ΢䣬ˣЦҪŮǰô
ڽЦţɿ³ǵ֣Цûʲô£֪˭Ըȥ
Ϳ³ǵĿһһۣ϶¶˿˿Ц⣬ֻǵڽȥҲһˣң˵лὫˡ
³ǣʵ
Ȼһ𡣡³Ц˵Լͬô
д⡣ЦǾͿ˭ɱΣ
á³΢΢ͷ漴˵Ŀ⣬һַϣһĨɱ⣬ַ
侳Ϊ
ɱƵ£ַ˲֪Էʵ侳صΪȺħԼԵܶ࣬ԶԶ硣
䣡
һɿֲϢͿ³˵Ӱͬʱˣַ㣬ٶѸޱȡ
ÿ
һַĿ΢΢ֻڳͬʱȷһƣǶǶſ³ǡ
֪ˡ³ͬһĳʱԵľϯ˵ֿЩ漴ֲ磬ַ㣬ɾŶԷʱ
ַƽվ˾ڻ๥дһ˿Ũķ̣ѵΪͳԶԼˣԼǸˣȻڻ๥
Եķڲڿռ֮Ϳ³໥һۣ漴ͬʱһʱ̹ǵĺ糯ַϯ
ͬʱұ߷һ˿ЦƲ³ǣ˶ֹģ˿ǿ³ǣǿ³Ҫַ㣬ֻܶ㿪ƵĹ
ߣ
³һŲ΢徹ٶȼ٣㿪һơ
ҵġ³¶һ˿ЦƾҪַϣڴʱһɺ嫵ĽͻȻ٣ռ֮дһƬХ֮ɱֲޱȡ
⽣ÿ³ǵһ漴һĽâͻأ˸ޱ貣⽣âУŨŨĻɫ֮
ã³ǵɫ䣬ôᣬϵǿʶδַ㣬ַ㣬ôǿңƿ˽ơ
³һͬɫ䣬Ȼֹͣס
꣬ǿ貵һܵв
ˡ
³Ǵʱֻһͷ˲Ϲַ㣬ȻղƲַ㣬ַ㷢ֻ˼ܿûнַ㿼ǵУˣֹסκ˵ʱǵ貵âѾ١
³ǵɫȻĿгǿҵĿ־壬ڣΪθղҪȹַ㡣
ͫע֮£ǵâ£漴һУ㶼޹ء
ˡˡ
׵Ŀռ䣬֮ڽĿǵµʬ壬ͷ͵Ĳš
пĨɱˣһޱ̵ĽѵѪĽѵ
㣬ɱɱ˿³ǣ
ַ㣬૵
ַϷʵĿгЩҪɱ֮ʱûܲɱǷʵ֮󣬽ɫԻͻ뵽ܲɱƺֻǿɱˡ
ҲɱһҪɱ㡣
ַ³һĻŲĿģֺݺݵĲ¡


0170 
ڽַ㣬ĿеȻ֮ʧǴһƾȡ
ղַͷŵϢ侳ضѣȴƿ˽ƣ˲Ϣɱ³ǣȻп³д⡢ûнַԵʣܷϣַ㱾ʵǿ㹻в侳صˡ
ڽüͷ΢΢ţҲûмַ㣬ڸղŸƲԷΪӣÿ³ɥʧ
³Ǽһûãе̶ֳȣ侳صˣһԶƣҲԶԸˡڽЦ£ǵ³ûöУȻ侳ԶԸַ㣬Ļ
üͷ£ȻҲ֪ڽĻȴʵ侳صˣƿ˽ƣѵ㹻Ը
Ŀ˸ͷһƿ־֮ɢָ˿˿ս⡣
㲻ῴ³Ǳɱ˰ɣڽЩŹ֣ڵĿһͣҧַ㣬ôܻ£侳ضѣȡ
ַĿһ˿ĮЦ⣬Ϸʵĵôվ
ַϵĵȻĿһɫѿһʱ󣬾һ˫۾ڿյ۾ӥ֮Ϊ˫˿˿֮۾֮ʱĿ⣬Ҳ
ַ꣡Ŀ΢˫۾Ȼһ꣬ûмꡣ
ַ㵹Ҳû̫֣½ж嫣޷֪һѩ򣬶ӵĴ۹;Ŵȣڽѩ¹һͨĹȣ֪֮꣬
һסַ΢һ̳ը졣
˫۾ַĽվһȵַǰ֮ʱ΢΢һƫַĽ̹
ͬʱ̧𣬴ʱƾҲ죬һĹ⻪ֱӳַ۾ȥʽ
ַ㳤ȴ徹ųתǰУۿҪַԴϡ
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Ľҡ
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˫۾ܹҵĶ켣мơ
ַͷһϢñ䣬Ŀ⡢飬˫ɫͫףһθ֡
ַϢı仯üͷһ壬ַʾ׼˲仯ģ΢΢¡
˵۾죬ôַ˿̵۾Ѿݣ䡢飬˵۾
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ַޱ飬һ趯ɫĻ֮ţĺ⽫ס΢ЩӲ侳أӲַĽӵнƵĽߣ̫ǿˣҪâ
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Ĺ۲ƶĹ켣ַ¶һ˿Įˡ
ƽȴޱǿҵţ΢΢£漴оؼĽͻأʧһ˲仯Ϊޡ
û˱䡢ûֻһޱͨһ
ͫ׶һĿдɻ֮ɫҪһν
ܣȻһͫȴһ
ǰָλá
ͷųһĹâٶܿĿ˿˿Ķʵ޻һȻ𾪵ǣһ·ƹ֮棬ӰΣûκεƫƣָ࣬е־ǣ࣬ˡ
ôܣôܣҵӥܻ꣬ῴĹ켣
ĿʼͻȻ֣ʵ޻һǷ豹֮ɱ˶֮
һԽԽҪ㣬ȴġ
˫̧𣬼Ȼ޷ܣǱսȻڴ˿̣ͻأģһµ֮Ŷģݺݵĳ鴤£һ˿֮⣬Ľ֮⾳޾֮ʱĽ⻹Ҫǿ
ͨһǣ΢֮
ַͬԼĽ΢΢ȴӦýƵ΢ǿ
΢ϸ¡΢ߣһ΢СĹȴֱ̺仯̺ƽУÿһκ۵ĽУȴӵĹ΢ɰƣ΢
۾ָɣĮ飬Ǻ˿˿͸Ц⡣
΢һһ־磬˲ö࣬˲٣ȫƣ̤΢֮磬ͬ΢֮磬Ҳǧ˿ַ̣΢֮򣬱һ㡣
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۾ɵúֱĹɢһҡáڣ
˵꣬ԴһᣬûϢ
ַĿޱ飬γ嵹£ַĿ⣬˲Զڽϣڽһ


0171 
ַɱ³ǣ˵ǿ³Ǵ£ڶԸַʱ
ȻʱĿ˿³ǵȻУȫԸʵҲˣһ־ͷųӥ꣬Ȼַ㣬Ĩɱƾ侳صΪѹȵûлֱ֮󳹵׻ɱûκεȡɡ
˺ɱˣǰôûм
ʱĵյ֮ϣѾвΧǣ˽ǸղţҲַһĨɱġ
Ǻǣ㾹ȻϵãһѧԺ˾ˡ
ˣղ˵֮Ŀ΢ѵħԼսַ㣡
ַ㣡
ڽĿһʮ꣬óýţ뵽Щַڽͷ¡
侳ΪȴĨɱͿ³ǣǰûмˣַˡ
ͷ˿˿⣬ڽʵͿ³Լһ侳ΪսĻ³Ƕˣַ³ǶɱˣҪɱͬԡ
ֳֳַڽڽͷһݣһ˫۾˸ͣ
ԩ޳ҪøǣαغôһŮӼƽϡ
ڽиһĨЦ⣬˿˿Ȼ֮⣬ַЦŮʱ¶ЦݣĻ̫ˡ
Һ㱾ȷԩ޳𣬵ڸղţʵһЩ˿ڵϵĿ¾ңڣ˵ҺαظһŮӼƽϣ㲻ÿЦ𣿡ַ˵Ųɿ
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Ϊַ㵭Į˵һŮţΪˡ
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ڽĿһò侳Ϊܱϡ
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ûСַƽȴ͸һĨ֮⡣
ڽɫӲҧҵġ
˵ţֻڽһ˲ԾȺһߵ⣬ֱӶҵʯҺÿһʯŶһȭĵ¡죬ڿռص
ȺȫÿмĿյóַŲ漴ǰʯң¡¡죬ĵӰʯпԽİʯңţ³Ǻɱֶʱռİʯȫóˡ
˿̣ȴû˸ǰ㣬˶ԣǽأΨеһʵ̤㡣
ڽǺ⣿
һ˿ڽվʯҵ棬ɵüͷʵ
Ҫɱҡڽǵ
ɱ㣿Ŀ¶һ˿֮ɫȻִݻǴ̵Ļ
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ף˵ûġڽЦ˵һۣȥһۣЦˣ˭档
棿׵һ˿аЦ֮ɫĿڽɨһۣûҲҲû𡣡
ڽӸһۣЦŵôĻһ¡
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ȻᣬֻҪɱҾͺϴڽЦţ˿Ⱥжʱ˿˿аڽŮˣȻǸﰡ
Ҳһ˭ɱҸ˭ϴڽֿһַָۣ˵
˵һ˿ɫȷ˰
ûв´Ļ³ǺӦϰɣɱǺǣңҲɱˡһЦЦĿڽ
ȷϣ侳ΪսƣʵǿȻңҪռʯң˵ܴӦÿ³ǺԸﾹȻԼڶ³ֱӱһɱˣһˣҲĽ¡
侳ΪսƣЩɣϾղûпַ֡
ʵǿһЩĻͻڵڶˣ㣬ʡڽ֪׵˼ĿתȺϡ
ȴʱַ㿴һۣĮĵϻ𣿡
ţüͷһ壬ַ㡣
ϻ˵ĻÿַϣһɺţǿĽ֮ɱ֮˳Ŀ΢ܿϾ¶Ц⣬Ȼ侳أƾ轣ƣ㹻Ըͨ侳صˣͿ³Ҳ湻ģȻĨɱ
㲻ã̫˵ĵ𣿡Цĵ˵ʵ侳ΪȻУҲ㲻ʲôڿ³ǺΪɱ˾ʸĻôҿԸ㣬ж޴һʸĶûС
˵𣿡ַƺû׵ĻĮ˵ù׵һк˸һ˲档
˵ˣ
ַŲǹ
֪ôɫ䣬ĵڽҴӦˣղ˵Ļסˡ
ֻҪɱҽ˯һ⡣
ڽЦ˵ˣҲһ˭һɱҾ˭
¶һ˿ɫŲ̤Ŀַ㣬侳أǿҲǿ˰ɡ
صļһȻңɱˣɱ㣬ҲһѧԺŻ׶ַ㣬Į
أѵΪʯҵһ֣ǲãҲ׼ãǵĹأУҪɱңɱҲǲأҵһĹأ˭ģַ˵
ʵЦΨʵˣʸƶأʵˣʯŽ֣ǣȻ׼ɱˣ๼ڣɱ㣬Ҳ๼⣬ͽйء
Ҷˡ
ַ㵭ȻһЦŲһ磬Ӱһ̳
һƽ桢ûĽư棬ֻ˲䣬͵﹭ǰ
ЦַĽͻأģһޱǿҵĻ֮⽵ϣͷͻȻһĿⶢǴĳܶ㿪Ȼһ̣ĿһʹͷϵЦѾȻ޴棬ֻŤʹࡣ
Ŀڣһ
ףһɱ
ҪĹأҸ㡣ַ㵭ĮȺĶĤУ˵ͷ⣬ǹء


0172 ռ
һףһͱַɱˣûκεĻ֮һֱࡣ
ûпһ̫ˣûκεţΪʵ޻һȴ˲佫ױ
ÿµʵ
Ⱥַγ׵嵹£侳صǿߣܹ׻ܿ³ǺĹףôǡ
ȻΪַһͨǿߵĶԾûżȻǣһʸûС
ڹԵ΢΢ţŲڲˣղţҲ͹վһ飬ҪԸַ㣬ַֻһɱ˹ף⣬һǴףǳǴȥܶ
ȻǷ񶨵ģ˵Уʵǿ׽ӲסһҲͬ
ȴڴ˿ַ̣תĿϣ˵ҲŲ¡
ǵĹأҲһɡ
ַĮĿڣ˵һͣһ˼һЦݣѣҶûж⣬ҪҵĻѡǡ
ѣ
ַ¶һ˿Ϸʵɫ˵۾ûϹĻղţǺվһ˰ɣȻˣαηη˳Ц
ɫӲûղǼ򵥵ĶǱ̬ȣǺ͹վһ𣬴ǴӦڽַ۾ϹλῴҲûá
ѣҪԪʯĻܿڣңҲáһ˿ڵȻ㲻ֻԡ
ȣҲȱԪʯΣʯңҵȻãҪϻ𣿡ַ㵭Į˵һöԷĿһͣҪΣ
ԷΪַĮĻ˻һһɺ⣬ԷΪϵΪǣǷˣ裬ң֮ˣ˭ûеˣΪϣȴǵģ·
ȺҲọ̈̄ԷΪ죬վַĽǶȣҲͬôղţǿҪɱַ㣬˿ַǿȻҪǡ
ҿٸһѡ˭ȷͿȥԷΪַָָڽ˵һڽͷһղţȥɱַ㣬˭ɱַ㣬˭˯˿ַ̣㣬
ַ㻰£ʱȫڽϣ⣬ͬʱҲ໥ŶԷ
ֻʮϢʱ䣬ҸղŵĻϡ
ַ㲹һ䣬ʱ˵ͬʱųһǿҵƣǵ壬ͬʱ
ǰڽȻ
λԼҪǿͬʱڽɫҰףַ㻰֮ʱĽ֣ע
˵Ʋַ㣬ҪԸַһˣע
һҽַ㿴ûٿǱһۣƽĵʬ̧ߣԺ󣬲Ҫڵ㡣
Ŀһ漴ɴ⣬ڽ͹׵˵ʬ뿪֮ʱĶеڽŮ˺ǲ㱻ϣûк͹һģˡ
ŮΪϣŪ
ַûǣŲߵһʯ֮⣬ʯϿŵĽ֣ǸһĨЦ
ȻǹأôգҲһء
ַ૵һ֮ϣʱǿŵֱַӲĨȥ
漴ַָָ֮ϣ⻪²ݣ漴ʯ֮ϣֻ˲䣬һ֣ӡʯ֮ϡ
ַ֮ߵ߼ʯңʯ֮ϣȫӡ֣ĵ㣬ȫַΪС
Ⱥվм䣬ĿַΪһ
һðԵ
ûַ㣬ЩʯңҲֲǣΨʵˣʸԵʸ񽲹ء
ߣûκεĻȨ
ַ㣬ƾ侳صΪ׻ɱ侳صǿߣ侳صΨΨŵŵпʸ
ЩΪַУֱԼĨȥ˲ſ̤룬򣬺Ը
ַһޱȰԵ漴ղŹڵʯңһ¡¡ʯŹرգԪ⻪ʯת
⻪˸ĳ̶ȱ֪׶Ȼ˲Ԫʯڰ۵УҪԪʯַһʱˡ
٣ͺħԼսӣǹġ
ʯڣԪŨ̶ȸǿңַ̤Уоë׷·ſǳĳ죬һּʵĸоҪŨԪ
ϥ£ַ⿪˲Ϣ״̬
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£ʱ⻺ĶȹַȻ֪磬һѧԺԽԽͬʱħԼս֮գҲԽԽˡ


0173 ƺƵ
峿յգƣһѧԺԡһů⵱С
ʱһѧԺ䳡˻Ծڴ˵أƺڵȴʲô
ңǣ޴䳡һս̨ͬʱ䳡ıԵһƾĿ̨ǡ
̨ȫɾ޴ʯ𣬸ߴң֮أʯ̨棬ʯη棬԰λãڿ̨ʯ֮ϣܹĿ䳡ս̨һС
ڸʲôôŪ˴̡䳡˿ǴĿ̨ɵɻ
ѵַ֪Լսħû뵽ѧԺȻΪⳡսһս̨Ա֮˰զ࣬һѧԺս֮ʱҲʱѧԺĸ߲ע漰ѧԺһЩ츳ӵսǲŻżһۣ㳡ǰδ
ǺǣҲֻһ֪ѡʱһӰŸղ˵֮Цǰʱգְַ׼ɱ֮ˣūɱһ侳صǿߣ׼֮˾֪Ȼ׼֮ˣȴ侳ǿ֮ⱻ¾һգַ㣬롣
дԴַɫߣٴȥɱѩʥԺĽֶ˳ħʨȥ
ʲô˵ǴɫߵˣҲַ㣿˻һȻַ㣬ôܡ
Ǻǣ֪˲࣬Ҳż֪ˣֶΡſԸ񣬶ַ㼫ƣʮа˾ž¶һ˿Цݣ
ӳгǻַ㣬̤ĵ㣬ɱ³Լף侳֮Ǳߣ㣬һ˶½ϵ˼ң׼̤㣬ޱȰԵ˵ַһѧԺһʱܼ˵侳صˣѾַˣǺħ
˵һɱ侳صǿ֮ˣ׻ɱ侳֮ˣƾһ֮ȡĵ㣬ѹֻдַѾԽѧԺʮǿߵĺħյսȻἫΪˡ
ǣЩ̨кιϵ
˵ˣֱַȺħ˵Խ˺ħΪһѧԺʮӵĺħλܵȻĸȻҪǿʵ֤Լˣħȥ˴ļ嶼ˣħҪһս
⣬ַȥ˰׼֮ˣŹһλ꣬꣬ˣַڶȥʱ򣬻ѩʥԺˣЩѩʥԺȺУҲһˣ˵˴ҪУ׼ңԼѩʥԺˣҲҪ
˻£ʱ̣һ
׼ҡѩʥԺħ塢Լ֮ˣҪһѧԺս
ǿ̣ѹˣѹѧԺΪⳡսս̨һ̨ƽذ𣬿ΪЩ˶׼ġ
ģⳡսԽԽڴĿ˷ܵĹ͸¶
սգ׼ҡѩʥԺħԼ֮ҪһѧԺۿħַսϢٵӿһѧԺľ޴䳡ѾΧȺħַ㲢ûԼ׼ȷսʱ䣬ֻԼýա
ʱһӰ䳡ıԵ
˴һɫĳۣϴһϢĿ䡢ڰÿһ̤ǳᶨ
ħ
ˣȺʱ˽ˣǺħ
ֻħֱ䳡ս̨ûƬֱ̣̤ս̨ϥս̨룬ĿϣһΧȺ
ƾֵȻ̬磬Ⱥм䣬ǧĿעӣĶ΢л֣̿ԱֳȻ
ħһѧԺʮʮʵ侳۷壬֮꣬侳֮ˣս
Ψͺħսˣ֪ħʵĿֲȻʮǰ漸λˣҲͺħײģħΣա
ʱԶӰ̤ЩΪüӪмģһӣַ꣬ڴ˵صĻȻϵˣΪˣһˣһ٣һˣָʹĽȥͳħʨѩʥԺӡ
֮󣬸ŵȺȻǰ׼ȺһΣѩʥԺʦȴǱߵ꣬ҲС
֮ˡ
Ⱥһ׼֮˶ں棬ûмӣȺҲ֪˺Եӣʱ֮ɡ
ңͻҲǿ壬гĻˣ˵㡣
ڻʳǣ˻ңԼ¼һţҿˣң¼ҼΪ͵˵£Ҹ졣
ҺͰ׼Ⱥ߷һȺһɫεˣЩ˵ϣ޴֣ʥԺ
ǣȻѩʥԺȺ
ұ߷һȺµӣǣһɫĮϴ˿˿Ϣ
ʳңһļ壬ңôǿӰңȴû˸СǼУûһߡ
Ⱥ˿䳡֮ʱʱ䳡·һɴƣѹ֣Ⱥİռš
λǰһѧԺĳδԶӭ¡
ռ䴦һ죬漴ֻһӰտ粽ֻ˲Ϣ򣬱ҵ˵ǰУ漴ڵء
ҵüͷһ壬Ժһۣ΢Щá
ԺɣôļӡӵĮ˵һȻָԷտ粽ǲôò
Ǻǣү˺Ƶɱĳɡ
Ժԣ漴ָŲԶĿ̨˵λսģɡ
һŲǿ̨ȥ


0174 
ӵ˿Ͽֱ̨мλȥʲá
ңʸ񣬼һѧԺĸԺҲҪλԣ֮˲λڡ
Ҫ֮ʱȴԺүλã㲻
Ҳüͷһ壬عͷԺ㲻˭
ֻܸ㣬λãǲԼҲ˵漴壬λ֮µĴλһĻһ΢һЩԥ
ղţλȻȻŭȻûУֻλףⷴԥĪǣдҪҲԸλá
ѵ
иһӰĿ˸漴һҲûм֣λԱߡ
һѧԺȺĿһĻа⣬ԺҵĹϵƺôѺأĻӣҲ˵ˣ·˫гް㡣
ѩʥԺȺԼ֮ˣҲֱ£֪⻹⣬ѩʥԺȺԼһһѧԺȺԡ
ԺһѧԺʮӣǳʥԺ֮ʣҪһдһ֪ԺΣ
ѩʥԺȺУΪ˵˵һѧԺȺһ͡
ѩʥԺǴǼѡ츳ĸ֣а˴еλǿޱȣһȻкĵ̣ǿ뼸żȡ
ڡƺڡšѩɽׯЩһѩ¹ӣһһ۵ѩʥԺѩʥԺʵͲҪɣһսһذɡ
һѧԺһܹѩʥԺȣֱǿֶνĵӻ㼯һ飬ԾͲˣһ硣
Įдһ˿̵ζһѧԺǿԼһǰѩ£ֶΣֱӴûʲôñȵġ
Էԣһû
ʱȺĿⶼս̨֮ϣħɳĬһƺֻʣһˣδ
ַ㣡
ʱڲ֪߹⽥΢˼ֳ֮⣬Ѿʱ֡
ȻȺƵǣַ㣬Ȼδ
һѧԺˣǺôӣҪôڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡ɫһ˿ͣĮĵʱôʱһС
ַħԼսֻǶڽգûȷ׼ȷʱ䡣ĻӦһ
ߣգôˣֲһѧԺ֪֮˰ɣǺ˼
ҿɲַ֪ˣɲ̫ơ
ǣһѧԺȺҲ˿˿ͣе֮
ַ㣬湻԰ģȻ֡
ǺǣҲ֪У׼Ӧսˡ˵Ц˵
ܰɣӦսħҲŹսҲսսҲսαضţս
Ѿ˰ɣ˭֪ء
Ⱥ²ⲻϣȻβ²⣬ֲַ֣ɲǾģҪô뿪Ҫôȴ
ǺħɺܵȻ·ûʲô£ܹ񲨶
ƻ轫Ѿбյϼڲ֮ϣս̨֮ϣֻһˡ
ù֣Ȼǵһ졣
ȺԽԽΪͣҲӵţַ㣬ηˡ
Ͳܣ΢Щ䣬ַ㣬ȴһ졣
첻ǻûйȥɡһգƽ˵
ԱߣѩʥԺ֮˵ĿҲ΢ЩͣһһѧԺĵӶѣʲôŵģȻôûδ
ܷ˵ַ㣬𣿡
ʱһѧԺȺУһݵӶȺеܷʵ
Ӧòǰɡܷüͷţַɫ֣߳һ˿ɣȻ˵Ǵɫߵӣַ㣬ͲԽһѧԺ
Ҳûйϵ侳صСӶѣҪҪ͵
䵭˵һΪԵ
ܷ΢΢һЦſлл硣
ԭ⿡ӣǰ˴֮ţȴѩʥԺĳչӡ
ڴʱȺͻȻ֮䳡ıԵܿóһ·ǵ·֮ϣһӰ
ַ㣬ַ㣬ˡ
˷֮ǻΪַղˣû뵽ַ㾹ڻƻʱָϵ
ʱַ㣬ɫۣŽˬ࣬ĿƽȻˣһֵȻƽ֮⣬䳡ϣĽŲÿһôȶϸ۲ַ֣ᷢÿһľ룬ȫһ
׸ߵĿ̨֮ϣ˶ܹĿַ֮Ӱ
ſݸɾףΪϤףֻܷȻһʯ֮壬΢΢ڲš
ַ㣬Ȼַ㣬Ȼ
ַ㣬յķȴѾʸս̨ĿѩʥԺңҵˣΪ
ּܷǰҫ۰Եû˲ɫַ㸸ϳ壬ڣȴĬĬţȻѩʥԺΣַ㣬Ѿܹ׻ɱ侳صǿˣŸո̤侳أһԵá
ܷƯ˿֮ɫмʣֱĿ䣬ַ㣬һҪɱˣݳǡ
ݳּңܷҫ֮أַġ
ħ·ʲôһâĿ⴩͸һУֱַϡ
ַͬźħŲᶨһѹ֮⣬ϣԶħѾоѹ
һƣַţǿ󣬸ŲǰǹƣҲַǰֱƺħ˻δѾ档


0175 ӵ
ơ
ַܵͷŶƣȺͷȻʹһַ㣬˽֮ƣ
ַÿһǽƾͻǿ֣Ƭռ䣬ȵĽưַ֮ˣϵĺ˿
ַ̤ս̨֮ʱޱĽƷХħ
ַ㣬ѣһս
ħѾվϣһɰԵϢͷŶǺХĽƣ޷ҡġ
ںħУĻȼţգҪַ֮Ѫ
ȺĿĶս̨˵ַǵȴһ죬ַ㵽֮ʱǹƣǵĲҲȻ޴棬һսһֵһĵȺ
ôĵӡʱ̨֮ϣһַ㣬ļӺô󣬾ǵȴһ죬Ҳһ
죬һַĶĤУȫַ㡣
һƺߴַǹһйŲղȫԸħ࿹⣬ȫ񶼼˺ħϣ뵽Ӿ˱ɣѹȣʧأƷͬʱħ֣ܵһ˿ˡ
ȺҲĿһӣ˺ðԵֱӸַһ
üͷһ壬һ˿֮⡣
ʱַֻ΢΢𣬿ԼԵλ꣬˲ȻĮĿڵԱߵҪĻֱӿھǣαҪڣһֱɵֶΣ湻޳ܵģ治ʲôЦ󷽡
ַĻ£ʱȺĿһͣһ湻󵨵ģֱ̫ӡҵˣҲԷ޳ܡ
ҲͫһĵλַһССĽѵΪַֻķݣҷƨȻԤϴˣַ㣬ҪĶࡣ
ղţ˵ʲôһ˿⣬ǺεݣүҲҪɵ֣һСҵ
˵Һôļӣһ죬Ҫ㽻ַ㵹Ҫ㣬ħԼսգƺûжȷʱ䣬Ҵ˿ٵɣһ죬ַ㣬𣿡ַ˵սսҵȨ벻ȨԼĸԸҪҪʲôʶ𣿡
ַ㻰Ŀǣַ㲢ûͣ˼ڵ
һǰڿ̨֮ϣȻʩӰ㣬ΪѵǱ޳ܣ㲻ҪȻҲ֪ĸ֮ˣ㣬Ϊļߣ㣬˼ǡ
ȺַĻȫһȻӵĿһ˿Ź֮⣬ַ˵ģƺһûûԼʱ䣬Ҳû˭Ըսַθɣôһҳַ㣬ȷʵǳס
һ£û˸Һַ㣬˵
ĿѿȴԵԺЦǺǣֶΰһҵү磬ǿ󡣡
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ôз̵Ļӻַһѵȴû뵽ַһ仰澡ʧ
꣡
һѿ촫µʯΣѿһ϶ȴδѡ
ַ㣬Ӻ޲ýС
硢ǿûҾǿַ㣬ܣħɱ㣬㼴ʤҲ㣬ʤ죬ڽӡӺ˸ޱȰԵ˵΢΢һ
ҾǿʵΪҪξΣ˭κңַ㣬ҲʤҲҵң֮˵ϣүİԵ
𣬿ǽһѧԺˣʲô͸ʲô˵һ漴ַַ㣬ħһսù˼Ҷ㣬ģɱǼСһɱ˵ġ
˵ʲôɫĮһѧԺԺҪ۸С
治Ҫ
ĻȺһȻʵȷԵû뵽˵ôҪ
ҲһȻ漴ҪԸһѧԺС۸СԴʲôأ
ߡһ𣬵Ͳҵı
һѧԺԡ
һѧԺΣңһѧԺˡ䣬ȺһȻǱַħ֮սû뵽ȴìܣһַʼδ
ȺһƬţĿ⿴𣬾вҪһѧԺһѧԺ֮ˣ
ˣȫĬ
壬Ļô󡣡
һڼžĿռ䴦ֻȺУһӰ粽ӰϴǳǳЦ⣬ͣ˸о׽
ˣ̨֮ϣ˵ͫ׶һҲ΢£ȻмλԤˡ
ַ㿴ĿҲ΢Ϊ֤֮ˡ
Ȼݲ򵥡ַҲע⵽λλǿŵģܿܣΪĵλҵүҪ
꣬¶Ц⣬վ
¡
ǳĵ
Ҳվϼһ˿Цݣڵӵ˵Цˣʲô
Ǻǣûбã壬Ժÿ
ǳĵһûлӵļӣԼߵλ
ʱѩʥԺȺУչϣһȵսȼնĿⶢꡣ
ֻعͷ˳չһۣЦŵ˵ͷӣȻ
ˡչͷս⽥ӵ¶ģһҲǰ˴֮һңǰ


0176 
ַ㿴ŶģΪӵ£ȴΪƽͣ˿ûаӣһƽ׽˵ĸо仰ýŵյȻ޴档
ģͶη˵мƣӶ޵Ȼ෴ַֻ㲻֪ǴӣεİԵ޵
ˣ
ַаһΪλߣԵƽ׽ˣͬ˲ԣһȻȡ
ֻĿս̨֮ϣЦԵˣǶսɣΪ֤
ַŶ΢΢ͷ۴ϾӰһΣҲǶΪԼļ֤
ĿתַںħϣղţħһֱţϢ֮£޹أĿģֻһɱַ㣬ϣ֪ħʲô˶Եսġ
ʱħſĺâַ㣬һοڵĻ棬ͫȼա
ȶĽƣһͷţħΪһѧԺʮǿߣַ㣬Ҵ⡣
侳Ϊƺǿѹɱ侳صˣǣΪûʸһս׵ˣȻҲ侳أЬʸûС
ַ㣬ħ˵ޱ԰
ϣʵҲ˵Ļһ
ַĻӦһŲһ磬ƣǿ
ãҾһ£ǷʸƳҵʵħ£Ų˲Ϣ㵽ַǰȭХ

ַһŻӳ̺ǿҵĺԼĽ⡣
䣡
һ죬磬ַĿһ屻˼ʮ˵ս̨Ե
һ˿ɫַ㽫̯漴ͿһźɫĻ֮ʹ
Ļ֮ϢַͷڶԷȭͷԼϵʱַĸܵһɻĻ֮Ϣûп֮⣬ɭĻ棬ֻ棬ǳ¡
ȻǺħҪַһоͱˡ
ȺһĻаħһѧԺʮ֮һַܹĨɱ侳صˣԺħʹơ
㻹ǲУһжӲס죬ɡ
ħ˵ĿһС
ʵ侳أ侳أƴȭҵȻ㣬óĻóģǽ
ַȴûղһ֣ĳȡʱɱ֮⣬ǿ
ûַóģǽľӲƴĻȻԿȺ뵽˿˿ڴȻΪħǿַҲ̫ˣĻһսк塣
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ַŲʱռĽХʵʣںħϣúħüͷһ壬壬оʹи
ַ㲢û˲һǰ磬ÿһýƸǿ⣬
ߡħЦһԵһȭٶȺ
֮
ַ㳤˺ѵĽХޱȰԵĿĽӽгħ
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ַɫ䣬һĿĹ⻪˸ͬʱϣһɺ֮ӣǺ֮֮ʱ뺮ײһ𣬷͵ϸ΢죬޷Ӱַֺ
ͻ
ħ˫һͬʱַ㣬źɫĻڡ
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ַеĽǿ˿˿֮
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һַʤһ
ħַ㣬Ƭ̣漴˵ʸһսҲӵһս֮ѣղţǸʼ
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䣡
ħ˫һźɫĻ滯һоŶ䣬ÿһǺɫɭ֮

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ַ㵭Į˵һʱͫףɫĮ飬ΧһУӡԺУ˿̵ַ㣬ܹĸоǾŶ֮ɢĿֲ֮⡣
Ҳͬʱֵַĳ˿˿ɫƮǺһ̺ͬŻ֮
ȺȻվս̨֮£ܹܵɻ֮ǿң巢ǵУеֻ˷ܡ
㻹ûʧǿһսˣĻսҲ̫Ȥ
㲻ϻ̫˵𣿡ַĮ˵һħһֱ˵ԼʸһսħжһΣŽʸ
Ȼ㼱ҳȫ㡣ħ䣬³ͣ
ħ£ʱɫĻ滯һַٶ죬֮⣬ռ䣬ǺΧռ䶼Ϊɫ
ÿֲȺһͷЩħɭֲ
ֳֵַĳǰƽȣϵĻɫ֮ԽԽǿȵһǰ֮ʱַĽڻӳ
ݼ֮
ַĻռ򷨿ݼţһɫڿݼŵĽ»ޣɢңݼ֮ǰնħ
ħһ͵ļ֮ĺХӿͬʱħϣ޾ĺɫǣܵĿռ䣬ȫȼ͵졣
ռ䣬֮ȼջ
ǿݼ֮֮ʱ޾ĺ֮𣬻һ޴ĺɫգַĿݼ֮ס
ҵĺɲӵлͬǿޱȣƵħַ㣬Ц˵˵գ


0177 жϧһս
ַĿⶢǶ޴ĺ˿˿õĹĽס
Ȼַ㣬ɫƽɫͫޱȵĮ촽˶һ³
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ĮĻ£ݼ֮ǿһУݼء
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ţħһ˿֮ɫź֮ϵǱ
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ַһ³֮Ũ˲䣬ĺɫ裬ѣַĽһǰնħ޷赲
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ǿĽǽޣնһУ޿赲
ħͷɫѿޱȣղޱȣʱĺַƿˡ
һ޷ܿ
ʵ޻һħ˲֪Լ޷ܿ˫һ޾ٶȷһ΢Сĺۣĳַȥ
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ħȻǹܹȵġַ㰵һڸղţݼ֮ն£ħ֪ܲɴ಻ȥ㣬ûпֻţֻԾǿֶκԿ˵ͬʱҲˡ
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һޱǿĻ֮Ӻħϴ˿Ⱥһ˿ħˣһźɫĻ棬ܹȼһС
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ַɫ£¼֣̼䣬廯һӰǺܶݵľ룬ʵʵڵĻӰַ֣Ľٶǰ
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ںħΪ侳֮ʱˣΪַ㼴ħ𣬺ħ׾ɱַ㣬Ψַ㣬ôƽжĥĽѵһħڡ
ĿҲַ㣬Ȼ˺ħ嵱С

Ϊ֮վղŵЦϣ𾪵ĿǰһĻôᣬô
𡭡
ħзһڵĳҵ趯壬ɫħƷ䶯֮ޱȡ

һ޺ȴַѹȹȥַ˲ˣȻǿֲһƣӡϣؿһڵĶڣȫ١
ˣַ³һѪֻʱĺħ׵ıߣŲ˲䵽ַǰһƺַٶȷɳѪ硣
ɱ
ħ˿״ַ㣬Ȼһƫ£һʹܴ࣬衣
󲽿ʱĺħħҪ赲ǰˡ
ʱһɱ֮ͻأĽ٣죬úħĽŲһͣȺĿ⣬ҲȫһĿַԶһʥӰ
ȺҪˣַ㣬վǲħⲻַ㣬ħʵ̫ǿˣַһɱ˺ħֵýˣû˻ῴ
Ŀ̵ǣڵصַ֣΢΢˰ڣ
һ˿ɫҪҡͷôַܿ
ʱַһվǣǹ¶ıӰȻ͡
жϧһսܣַƽȴжϧһս
ǣˮһս
۾ΧһУһĸַԺУƿһеĸоٴȻ
ա
аһַоȻʱȻһĿ⣬˿ֿǱ飬ûͷ꣬ȴĿǱ飬һҳڷ
һҳϣһǣ֮ս֮


0178 
֮ϵĽɫĻ֮
ȻһӰַ㿴֮ʱ඼
ǽš񡢰ȻսǻһУ·ûκˣܹ赲һڣ
ַû뵽һ֮Ӱܹģ·ΪΪս档
ܹ⽣Ӱ֮⣬Ȼ˽һ˼ǽ˳һС
ַһͷʵͷȻý˿ַ֪㽣ޣΨеĽܵ˵زһĽޡ
Ȼ³һ˵ַһ룬һжԺнУ˲ɡ
˿ʱַ㣬۾վһ·˺أַ·ơ
˶Ҫϧһսַ㣬Ҫħһս
û˻ַľģΪ˿ϣһĽţսֱ𾪵ǣַ㼴ս⣬ڷĵԽԽǿ
ս֮⣬л֮⡣
ü͵Ը񣬺ýж
Ⱥͷʱַ̣ս⣬˼顣
ڴʱ̨֮ϣԼΪ֮ȴüͷ΢壬ԣַս⣬ܻôǿһղŶʢʱڵַ㣬ûôǿսͻ֮⡣
򣡡
ͻȻ뵽ʲôĿһڸղŵսַ㾹ˣ
ӶͬĶַ㣬оԽԽǿս⣬˵ж˸һĨĹ
ʱַ㣬Ȼ
ɱ
ʱΪ׵˿˵һҲͬڶַ㿴ĺħĿһŲħٶȳַ̤ȥ
䣡
һɿֲϢַ͵˳޾սͼ֮⣬ʱ·ַϢڣֻһ˲䣬һȵϢַŶַΧһɿԵľ磬ȻϮַϵڵ޷ޱȡ
ͻˡ
Ⱥȫֱ۾Ŀ𺳵һĻַŵǹϢ侳ǿߵϢ侳ء
ַ㣬սսͻơ
ħһĻɫ΢䣬ŲȻһ磬˲Ϣַǰźɫַӡȥ
Ҳڴ˿ַ̣Ȼſ貶ĿĹʣʹźħ۾΢΢£ȵ֮ʱգַӰѾʮ֮⡣
ַħоһ˿ĸоû˸ղһǰķơ
侳صַ㣬ôǿ󣬲Ҫͻ֮󵽴侳صַ㣬ֲֻ
Ѿˡ
ַ㿴źħ˵һúħһ
Ѿңսʧͼһδ֮ʷħڲǰ㻹Ȼ𾴣ôڵ㣬Ѿ׵׵ǸʧߣѾûʸ񣬺ս
ַгİԵ֮⣬ս⣬ͣ۷壬ѹһС
ħͷ΢΢ţַ㣬ûд𻰣ʵҲַԣģȷҡˣʧȥ˸ղһеƣַǴڵһţĽ
߽ս⣬Ҫϵ
̨֮ϣ֮һúħͷһ漴ħͿַǵķЦݡ
Ƿ߽ս⣬㲻òϣղţģҡˣ㣬㹻ˡ
˵ַ꣬Ųս⻹Ǽ֮⣬

ַͺһʱУһ֮Ӱǣ⽣Ǻɫ֮ս֮֮
Ԫ
ȺһôܣַôܹԪֻ侳ǿͷŵǿԪſնɱˡ
ַ㣬Ѿͻˣɲ侳ضѣôԪ
ԣⲻԪһ似˵һ򡣡
̨֮ϣЩǿ׹ͷҲ̲סһ䲻Ԫ£򣬶꣬ȻԻû֮õĽϣǰĻ֮ս֮⣬ǵȵһַܹԪûʵ֮Ϊ¡
ַҲͬо⽣ȱ㣬һ˿û֮ϵĽһĨΣɲ̫ˣʵ򣬶
⻪ûַγַû֮Ϊһ壬ȼյսͼ֮⣬ء
ħһ
ַ³һ΢һӰ
ؼ似Ӱɱ
ս̨֮ϣһӰģ壬Ψһȼա
ħĿĶһһǰһûκεĻڣ͸ղŴڵһһȴǿǿսǿ֮⣬Ҳǿ
һں˵ؼ似Ӱɱں΢򣬻ںǽ
һħͻȻһУ⿴ޱͨһȴ쵽˼£˲Ϣһࡣ

ħһȵٶȷһ޴ǰۣ赲ǡ
ȻַĽ֮ʱ˲Ϣ㱻͸⽣Ǳɱ֮
ãΣաΪַ̳֮һʱվ˲ô࣬徹Ȼֱӳս̨ȥ쵽£ͬʱһޱǿƣַϣѹַ㡣
ʵλоַһжֲ
ûв֣Ҳ֡
֮˶ͬʱʥİɫӰ̤֮ƣ֮ˣöԷɫ䣬Σӣ
ӣס֡
ʱַĽ͸еʱһԵֱַĶĤв죬Ҳһ


0179 

ַҲеĽѾ޷޼᲻ݣһС
ң񱩵ַеĶҲ΢Ƭ̵ͣ٣ں⾳ıɱһܹݵͣ͡
οַԵĻǿĺħʹط侳صĺħ
ɱ
һޱȿ񱩵ħħƷĹųֲĻ֮
䣡
ռȻһַĽ˺ħļȴֻһǳǳѪ֮ۼ壬ȴǹɿ֮˳ȥ
һ죬ַڵϣѪ
ռֱˣһսվַ
ַʵħȻǣʵǿħɱַǱɱһɱûһŭ𣬿´˿̵ĺħѾǸˣַ˵ںħԥûһǰ֮ʱѾǰˡ
ħַ㡣
ǣȻˣӰⳡսĽ֣һޱȾʵս˲Ӱү˭˸˵
Լ˵ңһѧԺ𣬱˵һѧԺĵӡ
ڵصַ̧ڿ̨֮ϣͫף޾Įͱ䡣
òҪ
ַĿг޾ɱȻ֪ǰʲôǣȥɱֻѰ·ѡ
ǿΪ˵ĳ㣬ûʲôܿԣҵʵǿξΣ˭˵һ䡣
һصַߣַ𣬵ĮüҲ˿˿Į֮⣬ڵô
û¡ַĨǵѪǰȻһվͦñֱ
ýꡣ
ȺֱַͦӰо˿˿֮⡣
ַյı֣̫ˣ侳صΪȵһѧԺʮӵĺħȫطںϺʵ侳أҪֵʱַ㻹ֹˣжϧһսܣ
漴Ϊַذܵʱͻˣȼյս⣬ʵͻƵ侳أԾǿ̬̳ɱһȻһ޹ƻַ㣬ʵļͣȺء
սַļܹȻͦ
ħվǣĿ⿴ַ㣬ӣ˿̵ѾûְȻһ
ȻһսʵˣղûֵĻַĽѾ࣬Ҫ
ַȴûпĿ⣬ֻǶ𣬷·ַУѾûħúħиһ˿Գ
Ƭռ䣬һţѹ֣˸оڡ
ʱһЦ֮ŵĿռӿս̨ϵļˣڵλʵǿ츳κһսһѧԺʧҲѩµʧԺһս͵Ϊֹɡ
ֹֻⳡսȥȴûĸ棬·ʲô£˵Ĺû֪е뷨
˶һۣĿ΢һ˿֮ɫ漴ֿ֮˺֮ˣ򣬵ͷãⳡսΪֹɡ
֮û˵ʲôΪֹҲãϾħʤò̫ʣǳַ˻ɱַ㣬ΪڸƲ𣬺ħҲ̧ͷ
ǺǣȻս;ĵһѧԺĵӣӦòųǡ
ֵ˵һЦĿһۣȺĿ΢ַء
ң˵һѧԺĵӲӦųҪס죬öˡ
ַͰٰѣҪַɣǶӵµӣ
֮ˣȻǿ
Ҫ˵ʲôδڣһĮ
һѧԺ֮ˣȻųΪһ
˵֮Ȼַ㣬ֻĿĮȺ̾һǷˣҵѵˡ
ֺγѾҪַˣַǷٵкθϵ
֮ˣҲҿԡ۾΢΢һɱĿţַ㣺ңʱйųʲôʸ𡣡
ûʸ𣿡ַЦŲǰһҵҪ㣬ңʵΣ꣬Σ
ʳǣܹһѧԺ˵ҵʵΣ𳰷ĵ꣬Ȼ
òҪһȺҲó
ַһЦеøַȴںָԵǶˣҪɣַ㣬ھԼս֮սҵɸӦս
ԼԵλĿⶼһĶַ㣬һƣƫƫλʵȷʵַ㣬ħ㱻ַɱǣθӦս
Ҳû뵽ַôһ֣Ŀ˸£漴Ц֮ˣսġ
ų򡣡Ļû˵ַ꣬Į˵ҾͲңαҪˣװùûʣʲôѣһϴҿһ٣Ҳ֪ƺûУһҲͬˣԼûʸұǾ˳ǿЦ
ַĻȺ΢Щ⣬ԭַ㾹ҵ꣬ѹҪ˶Ըַˡ
ַֻڵҿҵĳҲܹƲ⵽ЩˣҲûие⣬ųҲˣ޳ܣˣΪǡԵãҵҪһʣǷҵˣôҪģ
ַĻȺͷΪ˰ѺǶַ㣬ɱ⣬ԽԽŨ
һųҲҪļ壬һ͵Ϯȴ϶ҡ޳ܻԵõˣȻڿ̨ϣ治֪ǲƨϣ̫񡣡
ַƺͲ֪ηΪ⣬ɡ


0180 
ǺǣɭĿַ㣬ŭޱȣŭЦɱΪԡ
޳ܡҪ죬˵ʲôҶҪɱ㣬ûɣΪұǿңǿʢ
˵˼㣬ɱ㣬ֻһԭ͹ұǿңǿ󣬲ںκۣͳͳѹȥ
㻹֣վʲô
ַĿ𣬵ĮĿ˵ȺһһѵҪ
ŵ۾˶üͷ٬ɱ͸¶⣬һ̵ڲκεΣҪɱַ㣬ҪַѪˣǿΰԵ
Ҫҳȫ㡣
£ʱֱַһǿ嫵֣֮£ֿûУǳС
ȻˣĿ⣬ɣƺ֮⡣

꣡
ͬʱ˳һǰһ֣ȻǴ³ģҪɱַ㡣
Ȼվûж֣ΪǵڶǴԵλӵ¶ĵ´ģֻʱµʯΣɷĩĵ壬ҲվƮƮʱȴôȻͣǱøӢˡ
壬֮£һѧԺ£ΪֹΣĿһԵ𣬵˵һƽǹУȴԴһϣ˺ѿܡ
վ˵صĿģҪ
˶֪ҵϣЩҡڵˣжԵж
£ղҲˣӣȻңܷŹǷҵӣڡ
ĿֱӶģĵȺһ
ô£յ£ƺЩԾܹ죬ô𣬾ȻͶӶˣ
Ҫɱַ㣬漴ǶҪֹΪӼӵʱȴɼ֣Ҫɱַ㣬˲⡣
ʱַ㿴ǰͶӵһȴ΢΢ɳȥ
մһ֣һֱǽԼİԵϳȺǰײһѧԺԺԣĿһУַûп֮ǰЩ龰֮ɷ֣𣬺ܲһѧԺӣҪһѧԺ
ңûнɣʲôͺħս֮ʱָ棬ƺ֤ҵ硣
ΪҪˣ
ձֳİԵһŹַģҪַ
˵һѧԺԺܳĬҪһѧԺʱֳĬ·
ӶģĹϵ˶ܿǳӺʵǵĹϵȴƺЩ΢
ټ֮ǰַģΪ֤ˣµĽѩʥԺʧȥʧ˳ħʨ
ַиܴ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ĺңϡ
㣬ڣѾ׵ˡ
뱣ַ㣬ȴƫƫҪַӵӶҪǰҵ磬䱳Ŀģַ㲻̫
ǣַлһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬һѧԺı󣬱վŵˣǶӵ£ģǴδֹԺ
˶ףһѧԺĴߣȻȨƼˣǻҵĿԺܴ󣬶նĵĳԼؼʱ̵ĳĬַô󵨲²⣬һѧԺıƿߣǶġ
㣬һ֪ģŶĵҪһ
ԣַڶģ𣬱ɱַ㣬ʵҲڱȶģҪģǷῴɱԼȥģĶĺìܣڱ΢
²һѧԺƿߣַǱɱңʹﵽĿģνʤ˶ģԣԶĵۣһǲַܿġ
ʵϣҲվˣʯζ飬𣬻ûò˼
ĻĿޱ飬漴Ȼû˵ʲôת¿̨֮ȥͬ£һޱϵĻӿռд˳
𣬽죬ɱԿ
˵ͬ£ĵĽŲֹƮȻȥûߵ顣
ɱԿ
ܼ򵥵һ仰˵ľ뿪ˣΪ뿪Ÿ֮һѾ˵ˣҲˣɱԿ
ֶΡ
ַ㿴ŶʧıӰаһһߣߵ̫ˣе⣬ȫѡ
ʱĿ⽩ӲǣǶĻڵĻԾһߣ˶ûУֻѡȨɱǲɱ
ƮȻȥĶģʱһѧԺĳ˽ׯ԰УʱһӰ֣һɫӰˣַйһ֮Եյʳ֮ʱľ¥ĺӡ
ɽôָֻǹƽȻ
£˾٣һʯһѧԺУ£ġɽƽ˵һ£ģȻָ֮ˣ˵𲻽£ңͬöĺԶˣֶΣǳ
֪㣬ַ㣬ô
ĵ˵һɽĿ΢˸
츳סɽ˵һĿ˸·˼ãУ˵һ죬ŭ𣬵ûʲôǹΪ֮ôӣЩˡ
ǺǣȻǺߣǷŭͲ֪Ҳ̫ʧˡ
˵յ£ȷ𣿡
ӦַԵŮɱûɽͷ
һ侳ϧˣԺ󣬲Ҫ˸ַˡ
˵ţŲӿ죬ӰܿʧӰ


0181 ѩս
ɽվԭزֻǾĿŶӶ뿪漴ǰһƮȻ
УַݹѾ޷ڲأҸᣬϢ͸¶ǱߣȻ֪һ⣬ַҲˣһݣҪñףҵˡ
ɽĮĵ˵ͷо壬һ˿п֮⣬Ҷμңһʱȴλɾ֪֮Ǹǻ
Ӷ޵ޱȰԵʵֲ˭ɱ˭˵һ˴֮ףû˲η
ӶģĲʴӱΪ츳ҲͬףȴἸ꣬ȴҲ˴֮С
ĺɽĶԻûпǹ᲻ɱַ⣬·Ѿ϶ˣ𲻸ɱҲɱ
ʵҲԤϵǰ㣬Ŀ䣬ַ㣬ȴվû֣ȥ
Ⱥ뿪˿ȻΪַš
Ե꣬Ŀַһۣ漴Ҳ̧ͬŲ뿪
ַ㲻ǣոǵ˵˵£Ĳݡ
ҵҵˣԲк³
ַ㾲Ŀ뿪Ŀ˸űɱ⣬֮£û꣬ȻַҲףҵˣŹж𲻵òһǱ֮ҵᣬȻ취ɱԼ
⣬ַ㻹һ²⣬ӣΪҪ
˵ĺ˫䱾ìеѵַ֪Ҳϣͬģ㣬ܹоõ
֮뿪ˣҶȺȻҲ뿪
ҺһѧԺˣûߡ
Ŀ⿴ս̨֮ϣħַվ棬˵壬ַ㣬һսΪֹƽ֣ɢ˰ɡ
ǻȥħ֮Ҳ˵˵ַ˿ˣֲ̫ˣڲɱһҲԸħȴַսˣ̫Σˣղźħַϡ
ħĿַһۣĿ⸴ӣ漴΢΢ͷת뿪
ַ㿴źħıӰһսѾûмȥ˼˶ַܿʤˣȻʤ벻ʤַеҲûʲô֤ԼԣʲôˣԶɱɱġ
ڳޣƾҵΪͺħǵìܣʲôˣԵ΢
Ⱥս̨֮ϵַ㣬˼಻ͬ뷨ַʵԼ츳𺳹
̨֮ϣһѧԺȺУַܷ㣬˸̫ǿˣַ㣬յıּǽķѾĪ츳Ҳ㲻ַǰʲô㣬ַΪٶȣֱ̬
ַ뿪ݳǣŶ೤ʱ䣬ȻѾӵ侳صʵ侳صĺħĶ֣Ҫ֪һǰַ㲻Ǹ侳صķּң˶ƲǼֺĶӡ
ڣƺֻңַʸܷţַּ֪֮ǿ󣬻죬ǷڵΪַܷ塣
뵽⣬ܷϱ任ţּ֪һܣּܷҶ̧ͷҲּҵ֮Ů˶ķ
ģлᣬһɱ
ܷԵĳչע⵽ܷɫı仯˵һȻַǿǰɻǷҪɱַ㣬׾١
˴ӣ츳ʵһĻҲôǧټƣҪ֤Լڰ˴ӵС
Ϊ˴֪֮ȥš
̧ܷͷ˳չһۣ漴¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢ͷûַ츳ǿгչڣϲַΡ
չܷЦ⣬תĿ⣬ս̨˵˵һѧԺűַ㣬ȴѩʥԺˣҳĳţԸһѧԺţ֪˭Ըͽ̡
չһ䣬һѧԺĿһӳչ˴֮һһѧԺĵս顣
ѩʥԺĵӶĿ¶˷֮ɫԸֵĻһѧԺ˭ܵС
˴ӣѩ¹ҲֻаˣһѧԺһ˶ûС
Ѿ˵ˣѩʥԺۼŵһһԺŵӣܸѩʥԺȡ
Į˵һеķζǳŨѩʥԺĵӣɲԼġ
չȻö˼ЦЦַ㣺Ժô˵ȴôΪַ㣬ѩʥԺѩˣóĳڴˣȻҪʶһ
ַ̧ͷչԵܷһۣЦ
ڵĹӣȴѩʥԺڴҫַĮ̵ӣѩʥԺˣһҪ𣿡
ѩʥԺĸЦַ㣬սʲôʸϻ
磬ѩʥԺ޳ΪҵһμʶˣѩʥԺȻôֱսһԺַЦ
Ŀһ漴ЦԺǰ곤٣ս𣿡
սʲôʸϻַ㽫ԷĻ˶ԷĮ˵ѩʥԺɲǵӲҪΪʦߣҲͬ޳ܵģսԺ˵Ժ곤㣬ѩʥԺĴӱ곤꣬սңû뵽
һѧԺȺַĻ¶һ˿Ц⣬ûЩ˺޳ܣ츳ףǰ˴ӣϾѹʮַ㵽䣬˭˵ﲻֳɾͣôսַ㣬ƽ
ѩʥԺĸҲĿ΢漴һѧԺѡչµ˳һսѡ
ѩѧԺѡµ˳һսѡһս
Է䣬ַԣ˵öԷٶһһʱԡ
ս͹ҪﶪۣΪô߰ʵַۡлᣬұػ԰ݷѩʥԺ


0182 ս֮
лᣬұػ԰ݷѩʥԺ
ַֻƽȴȺͷ΢Ҫ̤ѩʥԺҪжǿʵҪԽ˴еѩԼӰɣַ̤㣬Ҳֻȡ衣
û˻ַľģȻǶûкַӴһս˽ַˣԸͲΡ񡢷ŵûаȴһǣΣյʱɲϧһս˵ĻȻԡ
ַ㣬ӵһųΪǿߵģ㣬ǴӣУҲᱻԽ
ѩʥԺһַ㣬ɫѿˣǵżӵѩ£ǵ˵棬ѩˣѩʥԺ
ޱȵĿ
ѩʥԺΪ֮Ŀ˸ͷţһ촫µʯζʱѷ죬壬Ҳվ
ѩʥԺʱݡ
һ˱ӿ̨ƮȻ£漴粽뿪ò
ѩʥԺҲĿĮɨַһۣˣĳѩʥԺ䳡ıԵȥ
ȵǵĽŲԶȥһ΢촫ԣղŵʯΣѷͻȻ漴ʯ鿪ķĩĳŵʯεڲѱԷԪ÷顣
ܿ죬޴䳡УֻʣһѧԺȺĿַһۣҲû뵽һս𾪣ַ㣬̫⡣
Ҳһս֮󣬺ħƲٻһˡ
ȺĿȻַϣպһѧԺʮӣַһ֡
ַ֮֮һѧԺ˲֪
ˣ֮µΪֹɢ˰ɡվĿ⻷Ⱥһַۣ㣬ַ㣬ҲȥúϢһơ
ַ΢΢˵ͷ漴Ųս̨򾲾ĸ
ַ̤Ӱǰƾϻжηˣַսħ֮գȻ
û°ɣǰֱַ㣬һĨ֮⣬һﻹôһ㲻֪۶˭ʲôһȺˡ
ղţƵȫΪַ˰Ѻǵʵַ㣬ʲô޷ֻܿķ
ַЦſһۣĿһͣ漴Ҳ΢΢ɿЩݺݵĵַһۣһʲôأͲ֪Լơ
ûʲô¡ַԴħƣҲ̫ᣬǰһ˺ħţ޵̫ǿˣûд࣬Ҳû˼ԷڸѪʲô
ҵˣòҪԬɽĮ˵һĿɴŷŭ֮⡣
ǺֹǲҪηҲͬŭǽжڣַ֡
˶΢΢ͷգȷΣգжӳ档
߰ɣĵ㣬˼ңѾȫҵ֣ԺҪֱȥС
ַ˵һһ˶Ŀ΢Цѣַʵİ˼ʯңȷʵѡ
㣬˶ַߵһ⣬Ԫʯ밼۵У飬Ҳڴһʱɣ档
á΢΢ͷǵӰʯңתַֻ㣬ڵʵǶӲ֣Ҳ£㲻þǷ̫ࡣ
˵ţʯҵʯŻĹرգַ΢ЩȻ
£漴ַ΢΢ҡͷʵжǿַ㲻ֻ֪һΰ׼侳мʦ뿪
黹ɱһ侳ǿߵ飬ַһ㲻֪
ӣġ
ַ૵ºͶصĻӵ£ַ׽͸ѾȷӶģһѧԺĻƿߣԺģôַ̤һѧԺȨǷӶйأ
ǶΪĻôΪʲôԼϣʲôֵöͼıģ
츳Ǳ
̤ʳǵһѧԺ֮⣬ʱǸ֪С˭֪Ǳ츳֪ǵ츳Ҳ벻˱ɾ޵İ˴֮һĶ۾ɡ
ǸܣַûԺյļݳǵּңһǱǽӣţҲ
ҡҡͷַ޷Ҳȥ룬Ԫʯһʯҵİڣ漴ŲſʯŵС
رʯţַϥ£ֱӽͷų
̼䣬ڰ罵٣ַ·糹׵ĶϾϵ̤Լ硣
һΣַ㲻ֻǽ⿪ĵһأǽڶҲȫĽ⿪ַԺУһѤĹ⻪˸ͷ׵ɫ󣬽һѤ
ڿյ飬Ѿ˵ڶҳ·بűˡ
ַʶ飬˵档
һǡ
ɫĽ֮ս֮
ʱַ㣬ܹеĸܵݶĽ⣬սƵأ
ӵԼĽ⣬ӵܹӰַ㣬ַ˲ͳ˽ȥȫ֪֮£еȫǱĽС
ʱ仺ţת۱һʱȥȻַɱۣһʶɳ֮ϵĽϡ
Сʯ֮ڣһɷϢͷŶɷ֮У͵Ż֮⣬͸Ũޱȵս֮⡣
⽣⣬ȻַϵǱ֮ͷųģַϣ֮գʱַŵĽ⣬ǿ̫࣬Ľ⵱Уޱǿս⣬˿ɵս⡣
ֽգս£


0183 ˼
ַħһսѾ֮ãȺ̸һշսҲԽԽ٣һѧԺָֻƽ
˶ԵŬΪû̫ر鷢
ʱһӰһѧԺϵȺ߳һڵڣǳòȺ֮ʱĿжż־ηûаƲ˼
Ӱַ㡣
һɫʱֵʱ֣ԶƮżϼǳߵ磬ȴ˻Ͼȥ;£ʵΨһӵʵӵһУûʵֻܾ衣
̧ŲַҪס֮ȥȴʱһӰ˸ַǰ
ˣַĿ΢΢£һɫ
ˣַڻʳеľ¥ڣ;¥Ĺϵеĺӣַû뵽ȻҳԼǰ
٣ҽɽ
ַ֮⣬˾ܿĶַ΢ЦͷȽԼ
ɽַ૵Ŵˣ𣿡
ɽ΢΢ͷû˵һκַ֮ʱǺЦ⣺һղû뵽ôɣȻɽˡ
ַɻˣϣԷԼ¡
٣Ҽүμһᣬҹ·ϣǰȥμӴ˴ᡣɽ˵ַȴǷǳ죬᣿
үǺˣΪҲμ᣿ַɻʵϴɽţ֣˴ɽȻǰμʲôᣬַоЩĪ
ҼүټǰսУҼүԵˣڿ̨λáɽһַһӣ
ԣҼүǶӵ¡ɽ΢΢ͷ
Է϶Ĵ𸴣ַȴĿɽɽǶӵˣô֪ԼܾΪһΣɽľ¥е档
ѵ飿
ַһ뷨һԼȻԾ߸ϵĶӰɣ飬յǽ¥ˣȺһѡ
ǣΪĻ˿ΪֻԼǰȥ᣿ֿԣƺҲǳС
ΪʲôҪȥַʵ
˵ȥ֮Ȼˡ
ɽһַĿ˸ĬƬ̣漴ֵھҪ𣿡
̧ͷɽһɫƿҪʼˣٷĻھͶ
áַֻԥƬ̣ͷӦˡ
ҲŪ׶˶ԴԼͼΪΣ
ڰΣ⣬ַ㵹ǲģҪַĻףҪʲôֶΡ
ڶӶǰڵֻһС
ɽû뵽ַϣЦЦַ㣬߳˹ű
٣Ѿƥɽָһƥ񿥵ƥǣǳ䣬Ȼƫ˫ǣѰܲһ
ԣ
ַ㿴ƥ񿥵ıͺһԣмƷͨ޶Ҫٶ죬ͨǧԣ֮ңʮٶȲֹȳѪٶȻҪܶࡣ
ԣԡɽһƥǣַǰ漴Լһƥԣͷַ˵٣ȴ·ˡ
˵ţɽ˫һʱԱһӰ˳ȥ
ַҲϣӰӣһѧԺзɳۣעӵĿ⣬ò

ѩ¹ʳУ˵ĵطѩ»ʹгĪȻһʥأ˿ȳг
ʳļ˼ƣ˼ƣ˼Ρ
ܹ˼ƵĵطֻһԻ˼֡
Իʳǵľ˶ԣֻ֪˼ֵȴṳ̂˼֣ҲûƷ˼ƣΪ˼е˼ƣ˼֣˼ֵɣۺˣأǴ۹壬ˣһ̤˼УҪ˼ֵĹء
أ˼ֽδĹ
ԣ˼ֵˣ˼֣Ϊ˼˼ƣҲΪ˶
Ȼ֪ΪΣ˼ȴƺΪҫݵĵطΨлʳǹˣʸ̤ƽ˵ȣ벻˼֡
ʱɽַ㣬˼Уǲû˼Уֻ׼С
ǰɽˮ˵⾰£ַһƬƣСˮУƮ˿˿㴼Ϣ޷԰Ρ
ĻʳǵУһƬʦһмƣżƮ֮⾳
õط
ַ̲ס̾һֵУżһЩƷ֣Щˣ඼Ժ֮ˣ϶ûаΪ˼֣ҲһˣݣҪԺգλߡ
ɽַ㣬һʯ̳ɵСǰУһЩʱַ̣ǰһƬϣֲľΧƵĺϣƻá
ں֮ϣһǳ̨̨֮ͤͤϣ˴Ӱ
Ǵ˵ˣֱӹȥˡ
ɽַһЦںϣһľ̳ɵĳȣͨں֮ϵ̨ͤ
˵꣬ɽת΢ӰܿʧѾɣûʲôˡ
ַĿ˸£һϾ£ַǰֻ̨֮ͤһں֮ϣֻ̨ͤûˣ϶Եм־ףΨǰż̸Ц֮
Ųַ̧̤Ϻľȣ׼̨ͤȥȴʱһӰ˸˲䵽
ַ㣬üͷ΢壬
תַüͷһһۣŻĳۣ湫ӣӣȴһ˿Į֮⣬ַĿżӣ̬߰


0184 ¼
ɨ˶Էһۺַ㲻ᣬ̧Ų˳źľǰţӵˡ
û𣿡
ַ㾹ͳʳе꣬ûм˸ҲӵģǶӣҲ֣գӦӶĵ룬ǰһۣȴû뵽ľ֮ϣһ꣬ĿҲᡣ
ַǰţ·Էں˵㡣
һĻɫһŲһ磬ʱһɿҰȻǰȭͷϣһХޱȡ
䣡
ǰַ㣬һսͻأţգŰս·ȼյ棬޿赲ݻһС
ǿս⣬Ҳ΢΢һݣս֮⾳Ӱ쵽ľ
ַȻתȭͷ罣½֮â˫񱩵ȭͷ̼ײޱȰԵ
¡
ľҵĲ£죬Ȼȴû̮ޱȡ
ֻһ˿ɫ徹˿ص˺ľȵıԵַ㣬崣ǣϵսȻһս
Ժ£һԼĽ
ַ㵭˵һ漴תŲ̨ͤȥɫꡣ
Ȼһ֮ͬ˽ѵˣңԷ֪ǰҪһԼĽ̵صԺУǿݵ˼ŤΪѿ
վסֺһ䣬ղһʱѣҪַ֪ʲôн
ַȴĻ˿˳źľȣܿ㵽̨֮ͤϡ
̨ͤǳȺϯضΪţǵǰ̴ľ̶ɵĺϿ໭棬̴ľΪ󣬲ֻڷʳõľƲ˶ѡ
̨ͤм䣬һȺԸгȹŮӣ裬һһһһЦԷ֣ܱ꿴أԺҲҪŪԼˣܹ˼ֵˣûһݻ򵥡
꣬ݵλһ㡣
ŵȺȴδЩ趯ӰĿַϣղźľȵսѾǡ
ַӰɫƽ˿ַ¶ķ̣ЩˣĿ΢΢һ¶ĮľɫȻַ㡣
¡
֮ϣŮ趯̸Ц˼֮ƣܡ
ַ˿̵ĿҲڴȺԼжʮңмˣַȻϵá
ǱԼһٵ꣬ڴ˵ء
Уַɳ壬Ҳ
֮Ӷκ
֮ŮҲ
Уַ㾹ʰѩӰȻҲС
Щˣһͬ㣬ǹӵܣԺգȨһʱ
ַû뵽ڴ˴ľۻڶϤף΢Щ죬Ǽλ˴󶼳ͶĿ⣬ַЦ
ȺУ˺Լϵʰѩַ㲻֪Էʵǳ⣬ˣѾĶ֣ƺޱȸ߰ĶκַһսҪʤ׾١
ַ㣬
ʰѩַЦ£ϵЦݱŮ˻Ҫ
Ŀ΢ʰѩַ죿ʰѩϵЦ⣬ˣӦùϵǳ
ʱǱַ˵Ҳˣɢ⣬ַѹȹȥ˵棬Ȼ˼ɡ
أȺɵ¶Ȥɫַʰѩ΢Щȣַ㣬ƺλ꣬ӿ湻ġ
ʳǵУҵˣɲࡣ
֣֡˱ǿͣգλǰҿ㲻ǣҲӦ֪ҵ˼ԣɡ
λ֮ϣӶǣַ͵˵һ崺ĸо
뵽֮£ĽϵŶӶ΢΢ͷ漴һ̤ȥ
¡ַŶӺһ漴ߵʰѩԵĿλޱ飬ǵȻޱȡ
Ҹλһ£ַ֣һѧԺͽǰս̨֮ϣսƽ֡
Ц˵Ŀ΢壬Ǻħһս˵ʵǺħˣֻ֣úħ⣬ǲ֪ͺħһս˭û뵽ǰ꣬⵹е֮˼֡
ɱħˣһᣬѹֶҪ£˵ˡ
ɽҰ񡣡
һĮʱ˵𣬿ڵɳ壬ַֻ㣬Ŀǳƣַ棬գҲַù
ͺħսƽѣ͸Ŀˣҳݡ
ҲĮĿڣȫʩΪĻħҲսʤ
ֱڿ죬ĪҪ⡣º͵˵ֻȴûɳ壬Ȼɳ廹ַЦɳ壬ѡ
λȻ󣬵ǷɶӣǴʲôǺıֺһ档
֣ΪһλſҲýӴһ֣ǻʳ¼֮ˣ˼֣Ҳ¼֮
ӿ˵ַĿһ˿֮ɫ¼ңͻҶμҡ֮һ¼ңѹưˣݰң˼֣Ҳ¼֮
ַҲֻ΢΢Ƭ̣ѩ¹˹ɴֻʣ±Ե֮ϼڵûмˡ
󣬶Ϊַˣɳ壬λҲһ㣬ǻʳǻͳ֮ӣƾַ֮ɱĸ֮ˣǾˡ
꣬УҼĵӣλǷ
ַ㣬Ȼһ٣ѹҪַˡ
ʰѩûϸܡ
ַɸе𺳣ȺǽšһɣԵ߸ѩˣǵıٶͳ켶ģȨ졣


0185 
ȺӶַ̬ȣ˿˿⣬ַƾʲôȻöأԽȺһַ㡣
ڽȺ󣬶Ӷϯϵ׾Ʊ߾ٵ֣λſһ
ַԵʰѩַһƣЦŵַ㣬Ʒһ˼ƣ˼
ʱַҲɻ󣬶Ķ̫ˣΰμЩŹľۻᣬҲ֪Ϊ⡣
ıϾܿҲûоܾ֮΢΢ͷҲ飬׾Ʊһ㴼֮ƮС
ȺƱȻеĴжַ㲢ƣȻӿˣǻҪӵġ
Ȼ˶˹أ˿̣쳽޶ԣƱɷǰ
УҲͬûжֻǿ˾ٱ
ַڴ֮ͥһ٣Уַ㹲
Ƕ֮Ӷκٱַ΢΢Ц£㽫ǽܸ٣ǻ֪ǺҲأ֪λ٣ĸӵܡ
ַ˻Ŀڶκϣκǰƺڣƺڸ𣬻ַ㽻֣ܲʶַ㡣
˿̶κ˵ΪַѣΪַ㣬ûʲô󱳾ĸλܱȣݲܴ
Ŀ΢ͣ˶κһۣȴһ
κֺαҪôɱǣֵַܣǰûƷ˼ǺζɣϾ˼֣ɲʲô˶ܹġ
˵֮ɳ壬ģŨŨĳ֮⣬˶ܹó
˶¶֮ɫַ㣬ƺء
˭ֵܣ
ַĿɨɳһۣĮȺһ͡
˼ҵȷû˼ƣҲûƷַ㣬ڶ䵽ֵܡ
ַĻֱӣ̶ܴɳɫһַλ£λµַ㣬ȴ˵ڶ䵽ֵܣһ֣Ҳ˵ɳ壬λµַ㶼硣
Ⱥ¶һ˿Ȥ֮ɫеϷˣַ񣬵ǹġ
֪ɳΪѾַ㽫ɳ˵Ⱥţһ׵׵İࡣ
£ҲˣƣҲȣ˸Ҫ
ɳĶַ㣬Ʊصİ̴ľϣеľˮ˳
㻹Ը
ַЦһ漴ûٿɳ壬ɳɫһƬַĿ޲ýַȥ
Ɑƺ벻ȣλ⣬˱Ʊ׷У漴һǳˬ죬ϵЦԶôºͣûаΪӵʢˣ˸оܺ׽ദ
ַ㽫Ʊǰһͣ漴Ҳףоƣַ㣬ǽ֮ˡ
ڣһ֮ӣַ΢գϸϸƷζУ·һ˼֮⣬ĳԺÿ飬һĨ˼֮顣
ľơ
ַ㾪̾һУ⾳֮ˣѰˡ
˼ơ˼һԡ
ʱٱȺҲ֮΢һƵ˼
ʰѩתƯĿַϣЦַ㣬˼ƣ˼ˣ֪ղп֮λŮӡ
ַЦЦʵأ˭
ң
ʰѩĿһ˿֮ɫ漴Ǹ˿˿Цϣ¶˿˿į֮⡣
˼ᣬҿˣῴҡ
ַĿһ㶣¶˿˿ЦݣʰѩһǸ֮ˣ⵹Ǻѵá
ߵ磬׷ģκжҪǿңб顣
ȻߵҲЩˣ飬ñҪء
ˣƶ꣬ǽյǻûйأҵȥһ߲С
ĶȺЦЦĿ΢¶˿˿ڴ֮⣬ǵȻ֪ĿеǺˡ
Ҫ˵˲֪ĻôΨַˡ
Ŀ˸£ַ㿴һλĶģԣȷһλÿţȻΪ˶׼ӦþǶеˡ
ֻǣǣȻܹƽλȻҲǼԺա
¼ҺҵˣҲֻ׵Ŀλ
ʱֻվ΢΢ͷ漴Ų˲ʧ̨ͤУֻƬ̣Ⱥ㿴Ѿ˺ľȵһͷ
뿪֮Ⱥԭأַķ֣ж˸ŨŨڴ쳽ֻй⻪˸ݵݸ˿˿͵Цݣ·ڿ⽫Լá
ȻҲĿĮĶַ㣬ɳ塢κԼУȴַˡ
ȥӭǺҪַ㿴Եʰѩ΢Щʵ
ʰѩЦЦص±֪ˡ
ַ΢΢ҡͷһȻԼӡ
̨֮ͤеȺʼǵ̸УַȥӭӵˣӦǸŮˣңǸƯŮˣƺЩŹӵܣĶ
һЩʱ̣ȺͻȻðַĿתźľȷȥ漴ַ㿴Ӱ
ǰˣǶӶģĺŵӰȻһŮӰ
ɫȹ˿ڼͷƼ䣬ÿһ·𶼽Ⱥǣ˹ȥ
Ůӡ
ַ㿴Էףɵþ̾һʤѩ·𴵵ƣپµ˿ë˾һչģܹ˸ܵռ䴦ŵ㡣
Ҷ߹ȣŲ΢٣ŮС
ŮҲû˵ʲô̧ŲŽŲͬʱ̨ͤеȺ඼վ

һ͵Щſϣȫ¶º˧ЦݣƺҪģŮȴֻĵͷûпǣֱǰţƮȻ


0186 Լ

ŮȻǵҵĹ£ĵãҶ
ҵλԺգҪǣҶûˣȻûʳǵӵܴѣܱ˹飬Ƕô֮£ǵĵλԺգڼУҲӵиĻȨ
Ͼе˶ǳ壬ֵв٣Ȩ֮£ز١
Ҷֱǰţλ
Ҳ֮ԣЦŵҶĴҲˣҸһˡ
˵գַַָ㣬һѧԺӣ츳ӵлʵ
Ҷ̧ͷĮĿַһַۣ֮ʱɵһ¡
̨ͤе꣬ÿһԺգݲ棬ַ㣬ã벻עⶼѡ
漴ҶƻĿ⣬ûٿַ㡣
Ҷ㿴ʳеſˣһ˼֮ƣûġ
Ц˵Ҷ̧ͷһۣҡͷ磬˵ʲôء
ҶۻᣬҿǿΪ׼ġ
ˬʵЦţҶĵͷûĶ֮ˡ
ʱ쳽վžƱǰһͣڵҶղɰã
л쳽ģҺܺáҶȻ쳽ʶɫȻܵĮٱ΢һ˼֮ơ
ұҲˡ쳽º͵ĵ˵ͷǰʱգүүʼ֮£ϣܹ˼ҵԸлԼ
쳽Ļ£˵ĿⶼĿдһ˿⣬쳽ĳӵơ
¼֮ˣȻµ͵û˸¼ңкܶ˶ףҪϸĻּ壬УҶμҺ¼ңһϵģǶһֲĹͬ㣬⹲ͬ㣬ʳûС
쳽ᵽԼ֣ĿĿ쳽һۣһ֮⡣
֣ǻԼƺҶİɡĵЦ£˵
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Ҳ¼˵ϵءһζ֮ɫ쳽
ܣܻᷢ㣬ӦñҸס
쳽϶˵Ц֮δж֮ǰҶĻԼȻ㣬ϲ˭Լѡɡ
֣Ⱦơ
Ľ⳶ƱЦ
쳽ΣҲ²ܱ֮ͶĹһ
ҶҶμѪ̳Ѫ֮ӵѪ꣬˭ȢŮҲܼ̳Ѫ֮Ѫꡣ
ǺһӣҲܵõܴĺô
ŮˣܲЩʳǲſ֮͡ȻĶ
ֻϧ仨⡢ˮ飬ҶԼԴһֱֵú䵭ûаҪ˵˼Ҳû˵˭
ҶΪҹӵ̫ˣλֳ޵ͶĶԣ̫Ӷ޵ʣԵ޵ͬ츳Ϊº͡ƽ⣬ǶˣͺܹᲢˣһҪöҶĶȻ̫ܡ
ַ㾲ǣԹԵƣɲ׶ǰμӾۻ˼ϯ䣬ĵͶݹζȻַ㲢֪̺塣
˵Ҳˣƺȱ˵ʲôʱһȺĿתɳԵһϡ
֣֮⡭
ɳЦһʵ
ЩſڴˣΣù΢һ˻Ӧ˵
Ļ£˶¶Ȥ֮ɫԶߴ½⣬ڹǰһԼʵȷʵǲ⡣
أ˿һֻǷӦȻսǿѡ֣дһ
ע⣬ʵǷģ֪Ҫ˭дһΪˡɳЦ˵漴ַͷƵַĸоһĿ⽵ٵԼϣĿˣǷꡣ
һĻ˵ַ㣬ϷĻˡ
ӵ˵ܹսܺħҷԸֽһָһ
ַĻ̧ͷĿ⿴˷ɳһۣɳеЦ⣬ַЦ
䡣ַ㵭ĮĻӦһ漴ͷûпַɲˡֺŮ˵ġ
ȺĿ΢û뵽ַˬ죬ɵ¶֮ɫһ˵ֻǿʶѣĻܷսûУ䣬ˡ
ҶַһۣĿһ˿ɫ߶ʤĿǳǿң䣬ɲ׷֮Ϊ֮¡
Ǻǣַ㣬ջӺ͹ڴ˵أдһôֱӵľܾƺðɡɳЦЦַ
˼ǣ˭д裬ҪӦУԲԣַ㿴ɳ壬ʵ
ΪˣǵңԵˡɳӦ
Ǻáַ΢΢ͷɳڣдһΪˣΣ
㡭ɳĿһͣâ˸ַʵ㲻ħҲԱǿַеϷĿ⣬Ӧַд裬¾ù
ôղŲ˵ΪˣΪβ˵ַ㿴ɳ̵׷ʵɳĿ⽥
ַɫҲ΢䣬ĵԺٷųƨ


0187 ȼյս
֣д裬㻹δӦôܾȥд裬٣ҲҪʤ֮󣬲źȥдɡ
ǷĿ⽥䣬ķһɳ˻ͷûַ㣬ӱܲսˣαתƻ⣬սʤ֣д衣
ղɳ屻ַ㼸仰̵ƿԣ֪ηźãʱ̨ףȻ¡
˼ǣսʤӦд裿ַϷʵĿɳ壬ɳ벻漴£ͷˡ
ʵɲ侳۷壬δַͺħսֻжţ֪ĺ٣ַ㻹侳صΪŲô̵ʱ䣬ַսʤ侳۷ǿߡ
ַʵǱӵ¿ˣһʤ
ȺĿҲַϣһܶж΢ЩˬַȻֵùۿ
⴫еַ㣬Ƿħһսʵ
ַƷ±֮ƣޱȵȻ漴Ŀ΢΢̧𣬿һȺգ˷ϡ
ȻԷôַҫԼôַ㣬ȫ
ս
ַе³һȺһâ˸ַ㣬Ӧսˡ
Ҳ΢漴¶˿˿Ц⣬ͤ;ƣۺ֮սĳұ񷤣ںһսΡ
ԡַ㵭ȻӦȺ¶֮ɫ˭֪쫷꣬Ṧǳѡһս̫ˣַ㾹Ӧ
Ƿĳһˡ΢ƮݵӰ̨֮֮ͤϣֻһ˲˱㿴񷤳źļ۶ȥѸޱȡ
ȺһĿͶַ㣬ǷַܴϿһЩʲôǲδַκα飬Ǻƽվ
ߵ̨ͤıԵַ㳯źԾ£֮ϣ漴񷤣ĳźĶȥǷǳͨĶκ˶ûа㾪޵ĵطȺַ㡣
һսַذˣ΢ЩڣռȻΪûսַ㣬ҫĻᣬӦǵĲŶԡ
֮תվ֮ϵĿַ㣬ǸһĨЦ
֣ʵһƺ봫Բ˵ҸδΪأ
ĿдϷ֮⣬ʱҲû˸ղŵĿף¶˱Ŀ
δãδðɡַɵȻޱƽȺַĳǸͦġ
ǺǣһʣȻҲ̫Ϊֻ֣Ϊ˰ɡ΢΢һĨаЦĳں֮ϣַ㾹ҽսǲ֪
úñһζԵôѵõĻᡣ
ղŲ˵ֻдһΪҪΪַĮʵ͸˿˿⣬ЩŹӵܣޱȣ˵ݽ棬˼񶾣ͷǵһμ棬ûκγޣԷȴҪΪ˵̹Ȼ
ַ֮ɴЦЦںƮ̨ͤеȺҲ¶˿Ц֮ɫ⣬ַ㣬Ȥ
ôЦ𣿡ַ㵭˵÷Цͣ£ַ㣺Ҳɱ㣬Ƕʴˡ
˵գһӣʱԵķϮɱַ֮ϡ
䣡һ촫ַµ񷤴ѣ֮ˮɽ𣬽ַС
ȺȴַӰƺͣ˷ɽˮУûƶֺ
ȵˮ֮Ǳ㿴ַµѾ׵ıѣַ㣬ˮϡ
û֮أҪһսϷʵĿַ㣬ںĺһսַ
Ը㣬Ҫ֮𣿡
ַ㵭˵һϣͻأģһɺ嫵սȼӶ
ַŲ΢΢һ磬ʱһĨ΢Сˮַ㣬貨ȣò
ȺַܵսĿⲻɵһղŵַƽˮʱַȴ֮սⱼڲϢ
ңַÿһս⣬ǿġ
ţ
üͷҲ΢£ַ̤УƮս
ն
һԵķиſַɳ۶ȥ
ȴַһ̤棬ʱһɿ񱩵Ĳ˷ϯⲨ˶·һУ
䣡
ַĽŲٶȿʱһɿ͵˳ϯֱӽµҲѣԵס
Ⱥ𾪵Ŀַ㣬ֻ˿̵̤˶Уܣ͵˳ХϯΧŭţ纣֮ŭХǹȼյս֮⣬ƬڣޱȰԵ
˿̵ַ㣬Ȼôƽţ˵ĸоȴһս񣬲һ
ɫڱˣøѿһ̣ƺʶַʵĿֲ
ʱַĿ⽫΢ţ䣺䣬սη㣬ֻǲмȻҪңұȫ㡣
ַ˵ţŲٶһ磬һ磬·㣬Ӱʧ
𣡡
һڿռ䴦죬ȺѾ޷׽ַӰȻɫȴúȻǰʱַսʤöƮ죬ױȵս֮⣬޷׼ȷַ㵽˺δ
ˡ
쫷ԣŰĿ壬ˣȻһ̣ȴȻĲ£ƺһһޱǿĽŰݻľΪ
սη壬ֻǲм˶ѡ
ȺŴ˿̵ˣַӰٶָڷϣ֮⣬ӡ
ַ㣬ֻǲмһսѣҪʤ׾١
ַ㣬ַӦд֮󣬸ǿ¿ԣԵޱȣҪַΪĻǽԼ˲֮·


0188 Ŀ
ַ㣬Ը侳۷徳ķֻһָ
һָԣݻ˷ĻϵΪ
ÿµʵ
ȺĿַ㣬ͷ𺳣ѹֶ˵ַܹսʤħˣǹս⣬ȼأֲ̫ˡ
ޣս̲񷡣
ַ֪ɱħʱʵûǿսԼһָ̺Ľ⣬ãǺɫսַ֮ԽԽоɲ⣬̺޾⾳
ͬʱַҲԼΪܹǿ֮꣬ϣһҳޱǿҵĸй٣ǿԣڶҳһս̫֮˼ˡ
ַһ뷨꣬ʲôΪλ˶࣬ᵮ꣬񼣡
ʱѪúܴ󣬲˼Ŀַ㣬Ŀ𾪡ȻͿ־塣
ַ㣬Ϊ
һʵϷޱߵĺ⣬ϱ亹͸
ûΪӴˣǸˣһˣټļУӴˣΪĵزȨƣԵЩֵܣὫ̵ͷʣ
ЩǷҪٵģ־֮⣬裬УҲ޾Ļں֮⣬ΪΣҪһԼûܲùģ³˵Ǹ߸ϵĹŮƲ
塢дȨƣҲдĹԼ
ղŷ˵ɱңǶҵʴȣôڣҲֻǷ˷ֵΪɱ㣬㣬Ҳʴ˰ɡ
ַģ߷Է͸Ļ˷ڷĶУǰĴ̶
Ҳʱʶǰַ˵Ļжôô
ʱַ΢УŲһ磬̤Ų˶УһʸˮдѸޱȡ
Ƭַ̣Խ̨ͤһݣ㽵̨֮ͤڣ壬˵ϣޱȡ

Ⱥͷͷȣַ̫͵ˣղȥ֮ʱĶΪƽʱŽչ¶Ⱥе𺳡
ʵַ㲢óҲû似ûкصֻ꣬ǣԪȹ̡Ϣ׳һǿˣ̤˶Уǿһֱжֱ̨ͤ
ŵŵķȺһʱԣղţǷ˵ҪַΪȣַΪһҲ֡
ַ㣬̫Ŀˣջӵǣһйڴˣ㾹Ȼ˲̣ûаʵ֮ģϵ꣬öӵѿ𣡡ʱһĮַһ͡
תַĿɳϣĵ˵ܸ޳һЩ𣿡
ɳ壬Ȼ۾ƨַͷߵ⡣
ѵ˵ˣϵΪĿáɳ
ַǸ˿˿ЦɳȻ˵ûв̣ұ̰ɣɳ壬ղ˻ĿӦս֮°ɡ
ɳ忴ַǷĮЦͷһɫѿֲ֮ɳ岻мдս
ˣ
ַһϷ֮⣬漴Ŀ⽥䣬˵սսս㲻ս㵱ַʲôˣ
˵ţַһȻһ磬ɳȥ
ɳɫ䣬˸̨֮ͤⱼȥԾַһָ֣ɳ޷ַ㡣
ַԾ̨֮ͤϣյӰЦĽŶ
ҹ
ֳַնʱһĽ²ݣ֮УһĨɫýӰն£ɳϡ
ɳǵΪȻնУƾһϢ߿ԾҪַĹյеɳ壬ûеֵַ֮ȻǺǿԸյеɳԡ
һ֮ɳϣʱɳǿһжֱӴӿ½䡣
쵰ɳ岻Źģ
нɳһŭޱȣȴַЦһ˵ȻˣҾ͸ÿˡ
ַĮĻɳһڽŤͷһַ̤ʱɫҰףҪϻвַ㡣
ͣ͡
һ촫ַɳǰһָûκԥָɳϡ
ʱǹɿͰԵĽַָŶɳ嵱ŰݻٵɳΪûκεĴ
һʹĺдɳзȺͷȫоһ⣬ַ㣬ÿ£¸ûκεĹƣ˵־ͳ֣˵ϵΪͷϵΪûκεļɵ֮ģַӣЩ֮Ըǵˡ
ۣһЩ˱Ǹģͻᾯ裬¡
ַ㣬Ȼһ̣ǳһΡ
һΣԷԼɳΪۡ
ַűϵΪͳص̨ͤУĮĽ˳ȥͷһ𣬴ʱɳ˶ʱɫήңɫҰףûУֻԶ񶾵Ŀ⣬Ķַ㡣
ôңУͬ˶ңңұΣȣģֻѡ
ַϵıɵĮ·ʲô¶ûз㣬漴̧ĿȺɨһۣĵ˭ҪдĻֱ˵ǣַԵ㣬߲ܡ
ԵĻ̨ͤлصȺĿȫһһÿ˭սӡ
ַվȺм䣬ȻˣУȴûн˷


0189 ĵջ
Ⱥ㶼ַ㣬˸ûվ˵
ַ㣬ܹһָϵ侳۷ķʵȻҪ˵ӵеĿֲս⣬ҲĲַսΣա
ʱһս£ַϣַĿ΢漴쳽ϡ
Ҫս
ַܵ쳽ϵ˿˿ս⣬Įһ
쳽δػֻĿⶢַ㣬˸
ַ㣬侳Ϊӵк侳ǿײʵ쳽Ϊ侳ء
սǰܣַӾŹ˵ҲͷԼɳһַϵΪһǰ;ͳ׵Ļˣַ֮Ҳֵá
쳽УַʲôһΪȡ
һսʤˣҲֵҫ¼̳֮ˣݵλֻһսʤѣ˿ֵһᣬַ㣬쳽ûбҪðա뵽⣬쳽ϵսʧӰûٿַ㣬ͷأơ
ȺĿһǸղĸܵ쳽ϵս⣬漴սʧΣ쳽ԸðһսǣȻҲȥַƴֵá
һʱ䣬̨ͤбøĳĬûκε
ǺǡӶһЦžĿռԵĶҶЦҶ㿴ַΣ
ʱҶĿַ㣬΢Щ⣬ַ䴩ڣû뵽ȴǰʢˣöҶаޣַ㣬ýꡣ
ôһｾֳ꣬ȴԼĴţͺڷս֮ʱһַ㣬мͲںЩ
ͻȻĵĺҶ£תĿ⣬漴㿴ԴϷʵЦ⣬ɵ΢΢ͷ磬˵ʲôء
ôˣȻĲɣء
ЦöҶӲ˼˵ǹ£ǧ֮ҲͬǸŮֻ⣬Щԡ
Ⱥȴ΢΢һɫ΢ĿĮɨַһۡ
У˶ԶҶ⣬㲻ϲҲϣܵõҶ
ֻҪҶŪ֣ǵǰ;øƽ̹
ʱ˵ҶƺַЩøУȻĳַݹۡ
ַüͷȴ΢΢£ûаϲ֮⣬˿˿⣬ĿתĮĿ˶һۡ
ˣսд˵ĿģλҲҲûʲô£λȥɡ
ĶȺ˵´ͬʱĿ⳯ŵŵɳͷһۣǶҲ˳߰ɡ
ַ㣬л˵
ĿַһۣȺһĮɨַһۡ
ʱѾ´ֻ뿪
ʰѩߵַԣζĿַһַۣļͷĴ£漴ҲŲ̨ͤ˳Ǻľȣȥ
ʱУ̨֮ͤڣøĮ̇ͤУֻʣ¶ġҶַˡ
ַ㣬кҪԸ𣿡
ַ㿴ŶģĮ
ǺǡЦ£ַƺôˡ
ѵΪӦø𣿡ַ䵭һĵǺ⣬ɺЦ
磬ģˡ
ҶվҪ뿪ȴֹҶûʲôҪģü뿪
Ư΢΢˸£Ҷĵ˵ͷ漴ֻܰĴ
ַ㣬˵˵Ϊβˣ
ϴº͵Ц⣬ַһ
ַ㿴Ŷģ漴¼ȻҪ˵ұ˵ˡ
ַ㵱ȻףΪβˣ֪
£ղţԹ˵ôһ仰˵棬ʹΣⲻǹ⽫˵עô£ƺ⻹󻹿⽫Լ£ˣΪҺ͹Щˣڿ¶޲ַˡ
ַĮ˵ΪӦϲַ㣬ȴԼĴЩˣûһƲ磬ݵλǱѰȨ죬ңǶԹҶ⣬˱ڱص̬֮磬쳽
Ŀ⵱˵棬Ӫһּ󣬹Ҷַ⣬ģҲϵļַΪʸ֮ģЩǡ
Щӵܣһǳ˲¹ͷļһǵţַ㣬ڻʳд粽С
ģҪַ㡣
ַ㣬ȻеһЦ£ַĻش𣬸ղţ˵Ǿ仰ʱ򣬱עַ㣬ͨˣԼ⣬ȻǳϲȻַȴûУڵһʱ䣬ɫͱˣĮַĿ⣬ֱӱʡ
ַüͷţ׶ĵǺ˼
ַ㣬Լ˵˵ڻʳǣжٵˡּ˵
ַ˼Ƭ̣漴΢΢ҡͷܶࡣ
ҡ׼ҡǸӡɼҵȵȣַˣ̫ˣԼ
ǵʵΣʡ
ǿǳǿַʵԵ
Ȼ㶼ףôЩУ𣿡Ц£ַĿһ
ǺǡĿַԣ΢΢Ц£˵ַ㣬ˣȻҵĴ㣬ҾôһãܿĻҵǲģʱһҹ֮˭˸Ҷ㣬˵ҸղţǴǸУͬҲǳġ
Ҷַ΢΢һ漴˵ĿڿвڶҶ˲佫ĿƿϾһ˿֮ɫǡ
˭ȢŮӣһָ֡
ַаһ⣬ģΪʲô˺ܸԼ
ȻַҲԼ⣬ҶҲ⣬һûκݱˣҪȢѩ¹ж˵ǰ
Ȼǲܵġ


0190 ַĳ
ƽ֮ϣżöŶҶĳø߹˵ŮϢ
ҶңӵѪ֮ΪߣΪļˣûǽ̻黭֣ͨ£ļţͬʱǷڹĳȻʡ
ĸףҲѩ¹ͳߡ֮ķͳµӢҪôǿʵֻҪʺˣҲ⡣
ЩʳǵЩӵܣҲر֮⣬ˣжһֻҪСֺãƺҪһ׷öҶкᷳһμ棬иô
ˣЩֵԽڣҶԽᣬֻûб¶ѡ
ַ㣬Ҷͬһμ棬һۿַ֮ʱҲЩϲģϾĴſԲ󣬵Ҫɡ
ȻַеĲһ֮ʱûкһĳֻǵͣңַ䴩ŲȴǸ͸Ž꣬ЩӵֻĲһͬ
ȻַڲͬҶҲܵһξͿַ㣬ֻ˵о
Ҷ׵ǣģͬǸޱȽˣΪλὫԼַܸ㣿ѵΪַܳΪӢ
Ҷףַ⣬ŶģַĿ˸Ƭַ̣ʵ£һ𣿡
Цҡͷ㲻ʣ֪ʱȻףַ㣬ɷģҴ˴ֻΪ˰㣬ڵ㣬Ҫһݡ
ݡַĿһ㶣һ
ûݣʳ֮УкܶҪȻһ侳ǿߣЩ¶ĶԸ㣬侳ǿߣҲ㣬ԣҪһݡ
ЩУһݣԱסҰɣȻݣǵ´裬ȻͲһˡ
ַĿ⿴Ŷӣ
Ǵݣôţַ㣬ǶӵˣЩҪַ㣬͵ȿһ¶ġ
ˡҲϣ΢Цŵͷ
ַлˡ
΢΢һЦַ㲢ûоܾԸⱣΪҪܾٵĿǰΪֹĲûľٶһֱڰַ㣬ûоܾĺɡ
ַĻ¶һ˿Ц⣬ַô˵ζŽİ
ַ㣬һ£Ҫ
кҪԸַĵʣǶĻΪˣַ㣬ɲֵܱ̫ư
ʳյϢĦԽģһѧԺʱɳѧԺڵľӢǰһѧԺĴͳǽϵˣսǳؾ֮أΨоս̵ˣһϸĽϵޣң˴ѩʥԺҲͬǲǰгǣһΪΪ˽һѧԺѹȥַ㣬ϣ˴ΣҲȥгǣңЯս
Ļ˵ַ˸
ս
Ĵˣµˮ©Ǵ˴ԼЯսԼݣ˳һЩʧ
⣬һѧԺѩʥԺһͬǰģⱾһսѧԺս
ַ㣬ãҪ޸¼ӢۣܹӲ
Ц£ζ
гǣһȥ
ַ˵ͷĲ˵ҲҪȥгһأҪսĥУЩԪʯصƺڵӣͬҪսϴ񣬲ܳΪľӢɲƺҴˣǷ
⣬ƾҲ֪ǱΣƣҲȥˡ
ĸɣгǣҪȥһ˵ġ
áصĵͷЦַ㣬Ǵ˴ЯصսҴλͳݣ⣬ݳǣ½硣
ݳǣһ֮ء
ַ΢˵ݳһСǣѩ¹ĽԲʲôһ֮شֱʣ
ַŵ΢һЩڴЯͳݣԼķݳǣݳǵĳԼּҵ˿ǵı飬һܾʰɡ
ּҵӣҪˣȴӵһǵķأƹݳ壬ˣҲȷ̵ģּңΪݳʷЦ
ַлˡȻһЦַ㿪ڵ£ûµĻַȸˡ
ãȥɡЦŵͷ
ַ΢΢Ƿ漴ֶŶҶ΢΢ͷ漴תƮȻȥò
ĺͶҶַıӰֱַӰʧתŶҶһʵҶ㿴ַΣ
ܶڡҶӦһö¶һ˿Ц⣺úʱҲѧתƻˣӦ֪ʵĲ
ҶŶģ漴شʵ츳㶼ͣЩνĹſҪǿܶ࣬ңΪ񣬲ꡢͻһǻѪ
Ҷһشô಻ɵ£漴ЦһǵһøôõۣҶ˵ĵûӣܳɴãҲǿԡ
磬ͱȡЦˡҶ¶һ˿ɬ֮⣬У磬ӵЩŵ㣬ɡ
Ҿ֪ʲô¶޷ù㡣ĵҲûие⣬ЦŵõˣȻҲҪвݣַ㣬ĳȲ㣬Ҳ١
Ҷɻʵûʲô𣿡
ûУֻûʲô֪ѡЦЦ֪Ϊν˴ξۻĵصѡ˼𣿡
ΪΣҶĿŶġ
Ϊַ㣬ĶӡĿԶĿ䡣
ҶҲ΢΢һĶӣ
ѩ¹ĴŮӣ
˼֣˼ƣ˼ֻݳȻ˲̤ĵط˭ֻ֪ĴߣֻһŮӣ


0191 
ʳǣһۡУ޴䳡еͺ֮һɰԵ֮⽫ռ֡
ʱ䳡룬һǣĮԵĿ⿴ǰȺȵһȺ
ȺɫѿޱȣϢŶһγǰԵӰ˹ȥ
Ե˫
ǰԵӰһʱն䣬һɵڿռţյУһõĵӰ֣ն¡
¡ı촫ǵӰǰ˲䱻նɳȥѪӿһ顣
ǰȥԵĹͬʱ¶ֱӵࡣ

ӽŲɽΡ룬ϣռ֮һޱǿĵŶµǣӵϣһõĵâ֣²ݣ·ʱܻʵʣɱ֡
ˣһԵף˭ɱ˭
һ촫ЩӰȫ˳ȥӵȺȫ£Ѫʣӵ嶼޷
ʼգǰԵӶվǣδ
á
һȴȺĿת㿴ַ粽ϴһЦ⡣
û뵽ڵʱ򣬰ԵЩģݶ飬ЩƺڵˣϵɱҲͬȻ԰Ե֮ǣ챻ԵܲԵ
Եַڵͫһַ侳أͻˣ
ͻˣҺͬһ硣
ַ΢΢ͷЩƺڵȺĿһַ㣬ȻͰԵΪ뵱
꣬ƺڵʱǼǵַ侳ʵһ겻ʱ䣬ַ㾹Ѿ侳أٶȣ̫ˡ
侳츳ͨˣÿһؾ磬Ҫһʱȥͻƣַ츳
Եǿģǿ԰Եʵ侳ص˶ܹսʤַȻΪ൱ʵ϶ǲԵġ
ԵĿҲַ㣬ϣһϢŶַȥ
һַ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ҫԣ
š
Ե΢΢ͷ˵ؼԵԵܹĸоԼʵĽǰ侳ص˾ʹûսʤΪٶǿ侳֮ˣսˣڿַΪͻƵ侳֮ϣҲսڶ
ãҾԡ
ַ¶һ˿ЦݣԱߵƺ֮һĿж˸˷ܵɫ
ս
ǰԵ׵İԵʵǿƺڵšƺڵַǿ
Եַ㣬ĿӶԷ̼䣬һޱȿԵİԵŶ·Ҫ춼ն
аߡ
Եõǵַ꣬ĵؼԵڵϵ裬ֲܿ
һĨͷţʱƬռ䶼֮ХɱһƬЩƺڵȺֱԼ崦޾ĵâУ·ʱ̻ᱻɵ壬Ĩɱ
ֲ̫ˣԭԵսʱ򣬻ʵ
Ⱥпַ㣬ǰԵĶˣɰԵĵ⣬ܹ׾ٵնɱ侳ʵǿߣһԡ
Ȼַ֪츳ǿԲԺͰԵ࿹⡣
ڴʱһȼյսַϷڣ˲䣬սܹǰԵĵͥǿޱȡ
ֻʱַ㣬ĿŰԵ£ȫս⣬ʱܳ֡
Եľ紵ַϣڵƮվǵַ㣬һսʤԶᵹ¡

ڰԵɵƵǰַս˵ǿû˿˼ͬԵޱȡ
ʱԵĽŲ̧漴һ̼䣬֮⾳ϯأһ¡촫Եµĵ棬һѷ죬·𱻵ип롣
֮ɱ񡣡
ԵУһ¶ʱ֮⣬ǿȺоϢĸоХ΢Щ١
ԵǵؼԵϵĵ⣬ӰԵˡַаһڵİԵ˾һ֮
ǣ
ַһǹɱڵսⲻûаǿͣսս
նƲ񷡣
ַУͬһ³ϵƣˮ͵˳
ơ֮ơ
ݻһСһеĽ֮ʱ̼ţַͷŵǹսڣ֮ս⣬ֱ
ȺͷһûԵƿ˵ƣַ㣬ͬӵнƣɱһеĽ
ˣַϵս⣬Ҳ㹻ǿ
⡢Լս֮⣬ڿн㡢ײռ䴦Ϸ͵Х죬Ϊֲ
ʱȺǵıʪ͸ԭ̬ĲֹǰԵַ㣬Ҳֲͬޱȣ˻δ֣ǾѾܲסˣˮ͸ǵ壬ڲ֪вš
Եַ㣬ɶĿڿײ
·ãԵ΢΢˸£һϵĵ֮ʧȥһǰ֮ƣַϵĽս⣬͵ðԵһ漴ڵҰˡ
£Եϵǹɿֲ̼ʧ
һַ̣ͷŵĽ֮⾳Լս⣬ҲӰ١
⾳ʧȺֱޱȵɣ³ȴȻַ㣬̫ˣȻȰԵҪǿƺڵ
Ե㵶Ƽɣһ磬Զˡ
ַ΢΢һЦղŵսûбƴʵֻ⾳ಫԵ
ַĻԵȴ΢΢һַѾһ磿
͵ˡַƽ˵һȴðԵͷ΢΢£΢ַ֮㾹Ȼ͵ˣÿµ꣬ʱַ㲻ڣĻҲûĻԻս
ԵǸһ׼һ£ʱܳȥս
ַ㵭˵һ漴ЩƺڵȺһۣԺ󣬱ӰԵĻڣúսϣϣҲԽ󡣡
˵գַתƮȻȥ


0192 Ľ
һѧԺУѧԺĴ߶ƺĳ顣
û뵽˴λ˴󶯸ɸ꣬֯ǰгǣѵĦԽ̫ңгѾ޷סˣ
һѧԺĴ֮ϣһ˵дż̾Ϣ֮⣬ǽϵ֮ˣһֱû뵽Ҳ֧Ųסˡ
ӦǰɣǰǸѧԺɳ˽ǰȥгϢ󶯸ɸ꣬˴㣬´ټһӵܣǰгǳԮңҪ齨ǰ
һ˻ش˵˵ĽŲĳһȥ
ҲǶˣһѧԺȺͬһ粽
˿̣һѧԺ֮⣬һȺɫ׵Ⱥڿ֮ϣǷ
Щ˵ǰһѧԺĵӣҲſޣƺڵȴ
ʱֻԶһɫӰХٶ졣
¡
ʰѩ
Ů˵ݣȺĿ΢˴ΣʰѩҲҪǰ
ٶЩ
ХʰѩĿһɨȺЦ£漴ϵӪУ׷ãΪ׵λøʰѩ
ԱӪУΪ֮˵Ŀ䵭ɨʰѩһۣʰѩȥʲô֡
ȥʰѩΪβȥմ֡ʰѩĮһЦƯż˵Ϣ
һûʰѩǻعͷЩɫ׵ľʿʱˣó˰ɡ
šΪ׵ľʿĵ˵ͷ׼
Ļ䣬һ󼱴ٵһѧԺ֮ڣһɱһƬǰ֮һ꣬㿡ʣµ䲻ٶȿ磬мƷԡ
ңλŮһ棬ʥ˫賾
һŮĻƯһ˿Ӣ
ø˿һĻĽλŮӸңǺø
ҲĿ΢֮ϵַ꣬㡣
ַһѧԺǷǳ֮󣬲֪ˣν٣ʱĳ֣һСĲˡ
ַ㣬ҲҪǰгǣսУңһӰаƯŮ
ˡʰѩַ΢΢һЦк
ַʰѩ˵ͷȻҪǰġ
ʱǹϵĿתַַ㣡
ַĿ⿴꣬¶ѯ֮ɫˣʶ
𣿡ַʵ
ûʲôҡҡͷܻܺħϣսϣҲкɲǺĵط
˵ţƹĿ⣬ûٿַ㣬ʹ¿ǰ

ַһͣܺħ
ЦЦַӰҲһĪҪȥ޻ء
ַĻµĿͻأֹͣǰУϣһĨŶַ㡣
ͬʱĽŲһ̤տ粽һֱӳַɱХ֮
䡣һҵĲ֮˻ַµ˫գַҲֱӵɶһ¡콵ڵ֮ϣǣһ˿Ѫ
Ų̤֮һ£ʱԵֱ˵ڵأ˻ϣȴһ֮صĿ֮ϡ
죬ַ㻰µ걩𹥻ֻƬ̹Ѿһ
ַ㣬ĮЦΪǺħݵ
ȺĿ΢΢̣Ųһ꣬ðԵ
ַȻ츳սʤħ֮䣬վвࡣ
꣬һѧԺʮߣͺħͬҪʹطӵ侳صʵ
ʱȺַֻ˲ǵѪվͦñֱ⻪˸ַУһ׹ޱȵĽ֮ϣ֮£·ӵ
һȵս⣬ַǿη塣
ս⵱УޱȷĽ
ţȺĿ΢΢̣Ŀַ㣬ѵַ㾹ȻҪսɡ
ͬüַĿ¶ֹŹֵɫ
ַֻĽŲ̤ʱȵսԼ͵ĺѩȥ
һҵ˻֮µĿֱŵ˫ȷ˲뵽˵ϣ壬Ҳڵء
һŲȻһ̤ʱֱӱѷθ鴤˼±㲻ٶˡ
Ŀַ̧㣬˸һ⡣
ûκεַŲߵǰԶս֣ĸ߾١
ޱǿս⡢⡢֮⣬ӶȺ
ַʵֱǿˣһպͺħս֮ʱǿࡣ
δɽ⣬Ѿǵڲַÿһ·ǣǵġ
𣡡
һ£ַи߾ٵĽն£ƻһȴ·˲ҪٵϣˣưȻѹ¡
ɫֲ˴ӣ⳯Լͷնµһ˫һɫĹȦ֣̺ſֲ
꣡
һ΢֮Ȧһ֮£̼ѣɫĽĽֱն¡
ɫڱˣһĨȻ֮ɫŲһ̤棬ͬʱ˫Ƴ͵ĺˣһǰһѪߣһɲǣ̵ᵽζֻһ˿һͽɱնΡ
껹ûüɿͼһӰ˸ĿĽٶնûκεԥ䡢飬һַĿ⣬ģҲ˿˿ı֮⣬䡣


0193 ɥ֮Ȯ
ٶ˸ҽַĽں˽⡢ս⡢֮Ľÿһն䣬޾ɱ̫ǿˡ
ֻҪ⽣նУɣ꣬һ˿⣬û뵽ַôǿ侳صޣ˵սսͲ
¡¡촫ַĽնգһޱǿҵĽ֮ţս˻ԶһͷȻֱӱ˺ɷ飬ǿŵˤڵأһȴаϻȥַ㡣
ۼղŵ겻һֱӾͶַ˹񣬵ַ㣬ʲôû˵÷ϻֱӾͳÿһҪƵ侳صǱַ㣬ɱꡣ
ⳡȥַ㣬
Ľݺأַϵǹս֮⾳ҲԽԽǿĮĻų꣬ĻᶼûС
ʱɫȻַƵôңǵô˵档
𡣡
зһŭХƮ˵϶ͷޱߵŭ⣬
ڷƨô
ַԷĺĮ˵һһն¡
ռ䴦޾ͻȻţһ˲Ӱ٣΢΢һ漴ĿһϲɫԵͷţӰ֡
ȻʱͻȻһһɲԤͷӣûƵһΣյһ
иȼնս̼ʧˣ쵽˼¡
ͣ͡
һ֮㿪һǣһµĽֱնţϵѣ֣һѪۣĺһ·»Ŀġ
ȺһĻȫˣ÷ĽðԵֲʵ
ͷԼؿڿһۣ漴ɫޱȵ
̧ͷٿַ֮ʱĿȼŭ
ȻַȴôĮŲһ磬һλӳ
һɱ㡣
һսת徹Ȼ˸ȥ
ַһЦŲһ磬ὣ׷ϣĶıӰһն¡
ܵĿֲɱ⣬ҧҧͲĿ񱼶ߡ
ɥ֮ȮҲҿԡַûм׷ὣĮԶԶĴ˳ȥΪǺħħ磬ԺòҪҡ
Զ񱼵ַĻһѪ˳ͱ˵ټŭģƱøأŲȴͣǱĿȥ
ȵӰʧ֮Ⱥַ㣬Ŀ˸͸˿˿𺳡
һգַޱȣսħ˶õ㽫ħɱ
գȴӵţ˵ַһ䣬ַ㷴̾⵽һַˡ
ַ㣬ʲôûУֻһˡ趯ǣŲһ꣬Ǳӡ
ʱµʱ䣬ַ㣬ٰһѧԺߵĹϵӡ
ַ츳̫ˡ
Ŀޱ飬ַ㽫ɫĽ漴ص֮ϣĿڵɡ
Щ׾ʿ΢΢ͷһʱȺȥֻƬ̣ʧȺߵС
ղ𺳵һսȴȺԺлص
ʳǱ⣬̣
ⱱţǲģƽʱǽգֻгͨſԽ
ߺ嫵Ļ֮أ޴Ӫʣ£פнʿ
˿̣Ӫ֮İ֮أޱȾ޴УУۼӰŻĹӵܣ׵ĽԼЩʿ
ЩεĹӵܣѩʥԺĵӣǣǰսսԺ·ƽ̹
ȻҲˣΪȥΪ˱ǿսѪпᡣ
¡¡
Զ棬ԶԶĴݶУеȺܹĸܵĲ
ӣʱӰȺߵУ߱
ˡ
Ⱥ˸һĿЩȺ
ͬʱУǰĽϯλ֮ϣһӰվӭȺȥк˿˿͵΢Ц
ǰļʿϥأĺ¡
ˡ
Щʿ΢Цŵͷ˫΢΢ţǵЩʿһΪ֣̿иж
Ϊӣ߸ϣȴûаʢˣǳദԴЩͨʿܿ
¡
һѧԺȫŶĿĺ
΢ЦŶȺͷλѩ¾ʿУѩ֮¡
¿ˡ
λټʿ
һǳĵУңһλãһѧԺұߣ׷
һѧԺȺʱһĿ⳯΢Ŷ濴ȥ
ǶģвѩʥԺȺ
ʱַ㣬ҲͬһѧԺȺУһܵĿԼϣɵ΢΢
κ쳽ܷϤӰȻС
սһѧԺĽϵȺҪ̤㣬һЩƽ֮ˣҲȥͨսս;ƽ̹ƽͨսƽƣƴҫ
ַĸоһӷĿԼǶȺĿˣλ֮ϣĵԡ
ǣ
ǽ׵еķĿ⣬ַ΢΢£׽ǡ
ǳӵү֮⣬Ҳǹ֮˧սɳ


0194 ޹ĵ㽫
нʿУУжӣû˿ңУֻɳɳĽŲ֮Լ׸
ַĿ⳯Уеľʿȥ΢ݡ
ֻһ޼ʵľʿΪӪ޴ķûабɫ׵Уҫ۵Ĺâ
׾ʿͭʿʿƽʿ
ƽʿǰͭʿ󣬼һĿȻ
ŵĽףں֮ɫǣɱ֮η
ɳɳɳ
Ų˷ֻһͭʿ̧սģڽʿǰսĺ˰ߴ󣬷ǳҪλͭʿ̧ܹ
䡣
һص촫ͭʿս𣬷ڽʿǰ棬ͭʿϽս̧Ȼڵ֮ϣ¡첻ϴض΢𺳡
СÿһоսģǰУֱߣÿһֱϣӵսľ档
ʲô
ַĿ΢֪Щͭʿս̧ΪΣ˶ܵȻ·˾ռߣо˸˷ܵĹâԾԾԡ
ѵѧԺԼſ˸սսģɣ⣬һһϢҪ˴γүΪ˧˧öҶΣҲˣλһͬɳգλſսԽ࣬㸺ػҶ
ĵĮ˵һ漴оĻ֮߳һӰ㴩ף޷ڵסգǹҶ
˵ĿȫһҶΪ˧ΪΣ
ΪΣЩſУȴ͸˷֮⣬˭ս࣬ͿԳΪµֽӽĻᣬ̫ѵˡ
ַ˸Ϊ˧
ַŪףĺͶǵĹϵΣУöҶθ˧Ǻ⣿

Ǻһʱ˸ֱӵս֮ǰԸ
ֻ˲䣬ս֮ǰͶվˡ
˵壬ͬʱˣǿϢǵŶΪ
䣡
һȭͷս֮ϣսȻȴΡȻһƷ֮⣬Ų΢ˣƺһ
ʱ˵ɫøѿͨޱȣͷȻĻصԼλ֮ϣȻһսĶû졣
ڶһ˼֮⣬ԵһȭȻҳһ죬սıѿ˵УҲ¶һĨ˷֮ɫûκεͣ٣һȭȥڶսģٶȱѣġ
սģǼ򵥵Ľս죬սıѣֻбѵսܼġ
սģֳƵ㽫ֻӵһݵĽʿʸȥģҲǽʿ֮ʱ˭սԽ࣬Խþʿηõġ
ս֮ʱȴûнսĻ飬ϲɵҲ¶һʱǷ֮ɫ
֮󣬵ˣսģˣսģˣҲֻսġ
ȵǻصԵλ֮ʱͭʿ߳սĲУÿһУսġ
ַĿ˸սģ֣޹ģƺЩɣһԣ侳صΪսģ侳֮ˣսģսģƺӦؾ硣
ȻҲûоԣղһ侳Ϊ֮ˣֻսģǵһˣ侳һؾ磬ȴһսĶû졣
棬˭
ĵЦĿȺһۣһ˵
ȥַԵԬɽվŲսĿȥ
Ԭ磬Һһ𡣡ηŲԬɽǰ
ֻƬ̣˾ս֮ǰ
һսʵߵ侳أսģҲЦ뿪
Ԭɽ侳ʵսģη⣬侳Ϊ˾ǣҲսģ˹Ŀ࿴
Ⱥȴûһˣܹսĵġ
ڴʱһӰվһѧԺȺʥԺһѧԺ˭Ըһ
򣡡
ַ㿴ǰĴ󺺣Ŀ΢ǰһƺڵӣȴվѩʥԺӪС
һѧԺѩʥԺ˵Ŀⶼ˸žâѩʥԺʼˡ
һѧԺȫų𣿡
һѧԺӦ𣬲ɵЦһ
޳֮ͽҲ¡
ַĮ˵һĿһ漴ַϡ
ʤ߲ǿʳƺڣƺҵȻҪƣʶʱΪܡ
˵ַ㣺ַ㣬Ըѩ£Һ飬ҲүԸ㡣
֮ͽҲ˴Ȼַ㿴Į漴Ŀתһͭߵϣȥ
á֮ͭ΢΢ͷŲĮĿһۣ
˵գӰֱߵս֮ǰ
Ŀ΢Ųһ磬ͬսǰ˭
ȡ֮ͭ˵ĮĿڣ΢΢ͷι漴һ
䣡
һըѵȺĶĤһսģֱӻΪƬ
ĶͣԵȭͷֱӳǰڶ桢սģ˲ѣը𺳡
ȡ
һ꣬ͺһȭͷٶȺսģ顣
ѡ
Ų̤棬˫ȭû˺ĵսģٶѡ
ȻƺŲ΢嵹˳ŵսģײȥ
ˡˣ
սĲݣһֿռ䲨Ƹ֣ǿķ֮嵯˰ףսģҲѾѺۡ
侳Ϊ޶սģƺţϧǸͽ
ַ㿴ѷսģһȴδ⣬侳ΪУʲô㣬Եһ̽ѵġ


0195 ŭڣƾ
ȺȻأû˻ƲܹõսĶѷ죬Ѿǳˡ
ѩʥԺȺĿⶼ˰ԵϣиֵЦǵҪͭߵӣȡ
ʱֻԵվӹĵǰĿƽ䣬һɰԵĵ⣬ͻȻ
ȺĿһȴԵŲһƣֱն˵һս֮ϡ
ͣ͡
촫ûпԵıֻ֮ս綹㣬ǰԵƵֱ飬ƿ
漴ڶ桢棬ǵӹģȫնϣ׾٣ԵʼնһһϢ
ֱսģԵֲ΢΢̧漴Ȼն£ʱӹĴмƿԷȥôɡȻ
ֲǣԵɣ㵽ս֮ǰȻһ
꣡
̹ǣˣսģôɵıնѣûκεͣ١
ֱʱԵĶͣûмնӹģ·ûκεȤƽת̤ŲһѧԺȺȥ
һҲô񡣡
һĮĻӰԵ³ȺĿ΢һΪȣ򣬵ȷԵú
ɫѿޱȣһһƺ֮ʱ㱻ŶԴһѩʥԺܵص࣬˿̣ȴΪƫƫ޷
սģȫһѷ죬ȻԵ׾٣֮նѣ˵Ĳ̫ˡ

Цһĵûиǿġ
Ⱥвǰһԣվ޷ǿӹĶ޷ˡ
˴ǿ㲻ȥɱɱ磿
ʱѩʥԺԵɽ˵һͬΪƺڵӣѩʥԺȻҲҪϤ֡
ɽ΢΢ҡͷŶһѧԺȺǰ֮ˣʰѩһѧԺƽµ͵ʵɲ⣬û뵽ҲˣûоԵİʤ
ɽĻĿһ漴ŶƯŮ˵ʰѩȥֻ˿ʰѩ˫Ư۾ҲʶĿĿ˸£ֱ˫۾
˴ѩʥԺĵӣɽǿǳֵĻʰѩȻҲվʱɽܣѩʥԺϲÿûоԵİգɽǲֵġ
ӣһذɡʱѩʥԺȺԱߣǽλλ֮ϵ꿪˵ˣ쳽
վ쳽ŶĺԵĶҶ£İΣȻˣ˭ûʸ
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ҶĿ˸£û˵ʲôȴǵЦһǾҪ켸սˡ
쳽΢΢ͷȴδսķȥĿ⿴һѧԺȺ򣬻˵ַ㡣
λ磬빫֮ˣʡǳҪ޿ޣЩλݱɡӵһʵͲ֪ߵغ̰֮ͼ֮Ц
˵գ쳽㾶ֱߵս֮ǰĿ¡
Ⱥһ˿ɫַϣ쳽δղȻ˵ַ㡣
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ʱַĿ΢΢̣˸˿˿⡣
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£漴ͳԶ쳽д
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жѪ̤ɽ
쳽߿ӿһޱǿѪ֮⣬桢ӹģ̼
쳽ǿûţԽ߰
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쳽Ųǰƣһ⣬һУ¡һ죬սģѡ
ʱֻ쳽Ų̤棬·̹һֲĲӶ
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жѪ̤ɽǧ﹦ҵֻΪӭٹ顣
Ⱥ૵ǿݵӰͷ΢Ѫȼն
Щѩ½ʿһĿⶼɢŶĿĹ󣬷·ǣ׸еǡ
á
ѩʥԺȺȳΪ쳽λ֮ϣҲ΢΢һЦ쳽Ϊ¼Ҽ̳ˣػ׳־ֻƾһ߸֮ʱսģ̫ѵˣҲ͹䡣
Ӹ߸赽ӹģ쳽ǿһֱδЪ֮ʱҪ߸裬ȴĹҪѶˣϾֻһͣЪ
ת쳽Ŷ΢΢ͷ漴Ҷ¶һ˿Ц⣬ҶҲǳǳһЦɳĬš
΢Цŵͷû뵽ֲ츳˲飬ѵá
С¹ˡ쳽¶һ˿Ц⣬漴ɨַһۣУַѾΪС
ֹǵСֱǲײࡢƨͨ
ʱһĮȺĿ΢΢һײࡢƨͨ
Ŀ⳯ſ֮˿ȥַ㡣
һôĿȺаַ΢ʡ
쳽΢΢ַ㣬ȡЦȻҲײ࣬ԣ
д⡣
ַ¶һ˿ĮЦݣھ½֮ϱǿ̫࣬ҪʫԽ۵ڶ˭˵һ
վַĽŲ߳һս֮ǰһĻȺ㶼һַ㣬Ҫġ
ж¶һ˿ڴ֮⣬ǵҪַʵͲѹ쳽ƺ̫ܰɡ
ĺͶҶҲַ㣬Ŀдżڴ֮⣬һ֪Ūʲô
ҵҪսģܸ߸
쳽һЦĿоǳַ㣬һУֻȡ衣
ַֻ΢գ漴¶ĸ߿³һԣġ
ŭڣƾЪ


0196 
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̤ƺɽڣ
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ʱַϵĽ⣬أе׳־ںһУ·Ҫþ
ͬʱһޱȵĴơ޿赲Ľƴַ㲻ϵӣֿռˡ
׳־⣬Ц̸ĦԽѪ
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ŭڣƾЪ
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λ磬빫֮ˣʡǳҪ޿ޣЩλݱɡӵһʵͲ֪ߵغ̰֮ͼ֮Ц
ַظһ쳽ĻĮĵ˵ݱɣҳԺգ˵һʵͲ֪ߵغ֮ҵҪһԼʲôֻӵһõļȴֻ֪ҫ֪棻ݲ֪ж
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ַ˵㣬һˣֻõΪ˼ӵһУ֪ܽĿˣˣ۽վޣΣҲѲ˾ޣ̳мαҫˣעҪԽļ壬Ҳû䡣
ȺַĻ΢Щ֮˾㶼˿˿ģûֻҪԼӵ֮־վһգݾЩԼˡ
Щӵܣͷһݣо΢ЩˣȻַĻǲϲòϣַ㣬ú͸˵ĻǳԼ֪ܽԺյļҲΪƽӹ
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ӣ׿ݲ̸Ҳֵ£δ
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뷨֮ʱ쳽ɫȴѿ˼£ַ˵Σʱַ㣬ڽѵø߰˵棬ѵ¼δļ̳쳽


0197 Ƿ
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Ⱥпַ㣬վַ㣬츳ڣҲܺͻʳ֮һ¼Ҽ̳ȵģ˵Ԥϣģƺַܿ㣬İΣַ
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ǼȺΪĿһɨ𺳵ԶԶĴݳȥڽʿ

ʿŭȣʱض¡

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ŵ֮ϣʿսʮĳڴϷɱĻ쫷磬ա
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ƷƣַΣ
ŮƵϣЦ˵
סƵһۣ漴ַַڿǹµͷС

ַһȻЦĿƣѾͷʲô˵
µ
Ŀ¶֮ɫһ
ף㻹֪ɣַڻʳǣܶӶĵʶĹӽиַ㣬ַչ˺
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ַ㡣еĴ⣬ЦЦĿַ㣬һȻôͽԼԵŮշأ˵ȻŴ⡣
壬ʵзƷƱȹҪġַ޳ܵЦ£˵ֻǣƷһֱԸһסֻܡ
Ǻǡ
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ҲַĻһһ㶵ģߣ漴ŭޱȵĿַ㣬ַ㣬ɫ޳ܵĻ쵰
ʲôʱɫˣƷƣ棬ɲԩң£Ը塣
ַһ˵ƼҪһ̫޳ˡ
Ҳһ漴Ц˲䱻嵭һգĿĿַһۣһƺܿա
ҲĿ΢ַͣ˸ţַޱȡŵһǣȴû뵽˷Ȥʱ˵һʲô˵˿̵ս֮ʱȫˡ
һĸۡúַ˵ľס֮أڶǵˣڶǵˣ汻˳⣬ûᡣ
Ҳûп¶ˣһֱĴڶг⣬ƺƽ
˵գںַò֮ʱȴһϢվ
ڱĦԽĦɣѩ£Ѿڶǧ֮أǵоٶȣڱƣֻ費ʱ䣬ĦԽľűֱܹ룬ֱ̤뵽ĵ
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վַеɻֻĦɣĦԽ̫ӣţʮ겻Ѿӵ侳صΪʱܿ侳磬ңҲͬȺĦԽս˵ֻҪսս޲ʤ
ַĿ΢΢һͣʮ겻侳صΪȷʵܿ£츳ѩ¹˴츳ǿļ
ңսϣʮ꣬ս޲ʤ
ף㾭սҲδһô
ƺ˵Ⱥͷ֮һδεսѵġ
ҵĵĲĦ֮ս޲ʤʵ֮⣬ΪĦԽҪԣֻҪڵսĦԽػȫԸһΪ˱İΣΪ񣬽ĦɣĦԽĦɵˣĦɳѩ£ĦԽȻƺƵΣһǰδеĶս
ĪĿţ⻼ѩ¹ڣҪȨ棬ĦԽٹ֮˴εΣκһζǿ
ַ㶼΢ܹĪ˼һΣΣա
ʱֱֻվǼòͣȥſ
ַĿһ˲˼ҪŶǵǣЯֶԵС
֮
Ⱥаһ֪Ȩģ֮ʱ˲شľˣ㡣
ĦԽ̫ӡĦɣ
ַ૵˴ĦԽ㳲һƽ٣ˣû뵽ַˡ
ҲȥվַĽŲ̧𣬳׷˳ȥĿһ׷׷ȥ
ʱĶгУȺƽĹԼгڣгǣδйҡ
Ȼ˿̶гǵİȴַᵽһ˿ɽ¥ϢսĻ


0200 ˫
֮⣬һ޼ʵ֮ء
ƬֵУİɫӪʴǣޱ޼ʣһӪ֮ǡ
Щѩڴ˵صפ
ģͨѩµΨһ֮·ͬѩµǵģгǣһ࣬ȫڵ˵ǰ
ˣܻĦԽľ̤ǵפڶ⣬ǵ֮ʣǲ᳷ġ
ʱгǳ֮ϣַվһ𣬿ŶǴ̤ŶУ߹мΨһķ϶Ŷĵһͷȥ
վǷŶˣȴҲǵˣ׼ڶгֱͣͨģȥפ֮פС
ҲͬˣûڶгƬͣž̤ģǰפ֮ء
С㣬ҲȥӪء
ӽȫĺ󣬵˵һַ΢΢ͷ漴˳¥ҲŶĶȥ
̤ŵϵĶУһ죬һ˳˫ȫַ΢
ЩУȫսжѣǵˣսɳ޾л۶ɵĶкһɹɵıɷ
ַıֱͦкĿƽ£κ̤ЩУӦ⡣
̤ЩУߵģһ϶ӡ
̧ӳȫұڣַף֮ϣΣķ
ǵϣܲúá
ûпκΣգַɽķ϶·֮ʱɸо˿˿ѹϢֱ׵ͨģɽѵĸо

ǰһ޼ʵӪʣַ壬жפ
ʮ򡣡
Į˵һ½˽Ժ䣬׷Ըӵ˲࣬Ļѩ¹˿ڵĻгǣֹʮפ
Ҫ֪ĦԽ֮һͳû˵һǵľӣѩŹҲǿģ֮ڣһֱҪ̲ŹеһЩȣѩ¹ĦԽڣȻĦԽҪ̲Ĺȡ
ڱĦԽ˴֮ʮ򡣡
˵һַͷһݣʮ򣬳ʮӣǸֲ֡
ȻǣҲʮʿǰܹһĵĻĦԽԶ֣ռݵǲԷʮǣҪǺͬģ̫ˡ
һȻ̫ϣУɻЩġ
оӪʣѪϸӢĽʿ
ַӪʵУԸúƾӪʡ
ǣ
һʿӦȥʱӰӪʵУΪ֮лĽ׳ȳƣϴż˿֮⡣
ˣͷ϶źɫףǵڵסֻһ˫۾⣬â˸
˴󲽿ӪʣҪ񣬵ַ֮ʱɵ£漴Ϊ׵׳˶֮ڵķ¶һƺЦ⡣
硣
󲽿ǰֱӸַһܱƾҲ¶һ˿еЦݣϵѪ֮˲䵱Ȼ޴棬ɷǳľ
С㣬ֵܾһۣȥúöǡ
һĻҲ¶һ˿º͵Ц⣬漴ֱӪʣøַˡ
ƾڴ˵ؿɻϰߡ
ַͺֿʵ
ϰߣǳϰߣ磬ںƾǶͳһ֧ǧɵľ飬Ϊǧ򳤣ҶǿʵԼսն񡣡
мֵ⣬Ӳʱ䣬ǧ򳤣ǿԼŬΨ֮ˣϲš
ûΣա
ַ㵹ǲȡ˶ĳɾֻͣҪǰȫá
ΣûʵͻˣҺƾ侳Ϊ
ЦһԵƾЦ磬һﻹô嶯һɱ¾һ֧ܶ鵱У˶Է侳Ϊǿ߾ɱѣƴȫȫնɱʱԼҲûһõĵط
һˣնɱ侳ΪǿߣԼ֧ܶ飿
ַͫһдһ˿ϲ֮ɫͻ侳Ϊ
ԴԵмɬЦҲ֪ô£ҵ֮󣬷·ڣֻҪվڴ֮ϣұܿƻô֮Ϊãɱ侳صˣҲôѡ
ĪѪ꣡
ַͺһзŭ֮ʱٶȾѣܹ侳ʱĵڶξѣȻͬһ㡣
˷磬ƾһ˵ңǰǱƭĺòң侳صˣҲɱ
ͻȻ˵ַĿһƾҲԽսɱ侳صǿߣ
Լʵɡƾһۣһǰص
ƾҡͷЦЦ漴ߵַǰ磬㿴
˵ţƾ˳УһʵַʱַĸоʵʵڵĴڣƾܹ꣬ˣ䲻⡣
ڴʱƾϣһɷǿ֮ͻȻŶƾҲڷ
ɫ֮Ӱƾ󻺻ĸ֣ɫӰӵУһɫǹ񷣬Եޱߡ
ꡣ
ַͫһꡣ
ƾ˫
ǹ֮Ӱ̼ʧƾ¶˵ĮЦݣ˫꣬һֱĵƣǰûи߹
ã˫꣬ƾͺһҲţѹڵһμ֮ʱ͸оеķ
ַˬЦֵܣȾѣܿѪ꣬ƾӵмΪ˫꣬츳ˣַȻˡ
˫ΣǱūӡΪūǷ㣬Ѿˡ
ƾ̾Ϣһַ㿴ƾƾϵūӡصģһȥġ
ǿ޵Ѫ׸ı磬ӵǿʵūӡҲ練ơ
ûƾôʲôūӡǳȥǲЦ磬ǳȥߣ˳㣬Ұ¾е
á
ַͷ漴һ̤ӪʣӪ֮ľʿƾڵ磬ھУְλΪӳٷ򳤡ǧ򳤡ͳ졢ͳ죬ӳʮʿٷʮӳԼµİʿǧ򳤣ʮٷ򳤣ҺƾǧʿϣǸͳ죬ƹʮǧԼ˾š
ǾУоʿʮ򣬳֮⣬ͳ죬ֱΪͳоͳ죬ÿλͳ죬ʮͳ졣
⣬лӵгѪţɳѪͳϽҺƾ֧Ѫ
ַ㰵ͷȼɭϣǰĹʱ𲻴һϽһִǿ


0201 ͳ
ЩнʵΣַ㿪ʵҪ˽ŵսֱ۵ģ˽⽫ʵ
ͨľʿ侳֮ˣӳһ㶼Ǹ߼侳ޣٷ򳤣ھеı֮⣬Ҫ侳ΪܵΣǧ򳤣Ҫ̣Ҫ侳Ϊϣͳ죬Ϊ͵ģ侳ؾ磻ͳ죬һ侳Ϊ侳أֻһ䣬ǳǿ
һһַ˵ʵϵ磬ھУҲͬҪʵ˵սУûʵ岻ս⵽ɱҡģ£Ǿɷġ
磬ǶĳѪţȻܺȣƽʵҪŶǿ󣬶ҳѪͳ죬侳۷Ϊ˵ʱ̤侳磬˷
ֲһַ㵱ȻҲ㣬ѪΪһִƾţʵܲǿ
ףѪﶼ΢Щͬڽ죬ǿ׳ֳɫѪɫ󣬷ǳ䣬˿̺ƾŵװ㣬ηһۿȥ·Ѫ֮
磬Ҫý㰲һǧְλֵˣͬɱС
΢Щ⶯˴ַ㱾ǿ⸰սҪɱУֵܲս䡣
ٿɡַţڣһǧְλ纫˵ְλǿսλģ飬ֱӸλãþ֮˲ӰģⲢַԸ
С㡣
ڴʱԶӰ粽ˣΪ֮ˣ
Ӱƾ˲վñֱ΢΢оͳ졣
š΢΢ͷƾ˱Ȼȥɡ
ǣ
ƾַһۣĿдһЦݣ漴粽뿪
С㣬ҽ
ֶַ˵һ漴һ粽ӪʵУַ
ӪʵУ˷ֱ׷״վӪмַ㣬ͬʱַҲڴǡ
ֻˣڽ׺ͻƽףµˣɫס
ңĿⶼ磬ϴһֻ֮ǾǣַܵһѪ֮
С㣬ǳѪͳѪоͳͳ꺮Ҿͳ졣
ַܵ޾׵ѪѪͳ죻ƽоͳ죬ͳ꺮졣
ټˣƿţʮȨ졣
ַ㣬ͳ졢ͳ졢ͳ졢ͳ졣
΢΢Ƿַתһͽλͳܸʶ֪Ǻ⡣
ҸղȥһˣλͳһǹΪ֮ɺϡ
Һ˵ַ㣬ƷƵˣδŮ
ЦŶλͳ˵ַͫһȻַŮϵֱַŮ
Ȼַ֪ԼƣϾԼڻֻѣûȷκιϵôַмɻ󣬵ȻȻ˵ˣҲÿڷòĬϡ
Ʒƿϵˣ
Ҿͳվһֱַǰ̼䣬һɼȿ񱩵Ϣַ
ɿ񱩵ϢɱѪɷʮ㣬һַֻ̣оԼԵĲһˣɱ˿ħȾѪɱ˿
ÿֲ
ַرģΡȻɿϢܹӰ˵־ߣɷѳܵס
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ţ
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ַɫɲ䣬ĮĿ˫۾־ױϢ
ַϣһŨŨսȻɱǹɱͥ񣬼㲻磬ɰȻ
䣡
ַһ̤û߳һһ£ַ㣬ֻ֮ңԵĿ⣬ڿײɷ棬սȼգַĳƮȻ
һĻʮ룬ϵɷŻʧҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ϵϢûˣȻǰһһϲ
ˬʵĴЦصַļͷĴ£ַ嶼΢ÿ񱩵
ǷƷƿصˣᣬӦ侳Ϊˣܲͳ꺮ͷЦĴֿˬʣ꺮Цࡣ
ӪڵգҲ̼Ȼ޴档
ûĻӦ侳Ϊ԰ɣ
оͳЦַ΢΢ͷͳ죬ַȷ侳Ϊ
ʮ䲻Ϊϼһǿˣǰ;ϧʣܾС
΢мź֮⣬ľɾ֮ǶΪһ׷УսҲΪԼΣѰͻƵˣٻУϣ뿪
ˣ٣ҲΪھΪԵʣ̫£츳Ҳֹʵ
Ϊֻͬ費׷ʵΪȴҪͳһţᡣ
ַ츳ƺҪֲȻܾС
λͳ죬ֻʣ³ѪͳѪûпˣɫ£겻ĺ
ˣǶȥæɣѪɡ
˵λͳͷ漴뿪Ӫʡ
ַ㡣
ʱղųĬѪͻȻڣַһ
ţ
ַ̧ͷѪ֪ԷлҪԼ˵
ַ㣬Ѫţͳ֮⣬ͳ죬ʮǧ򳤣ٷ򳤣ǧӳѪǧٶʮһˣÿһˣǾоһʮȻҳѪŶ٣ǿսѪʤ
Ѫ£ǿҵţңȻѪǵȷλҪ֪սʱѱһ£ǳͳƣֻ֪һŵ
ַ㣬Щס𣿡Ѫַ˵ַĿ΢סѪΪҪס
ַ㻹ǵ˵ͷסˡ
סãַ㣬Ѫÿһ˶Ǿǹ屦ˣÿһδСս֮ҶͳĬĬļұ֪ʧ˶٣Ҿͻ֪жֵҶȥҵĻʹһսұӽȫԸȡС
Ѫ˵ĻַȻ𾴣ǧѪɱӾнʿֵܣÿһսͳμС


0202 ɷ
峿ʸշһĨףŽ֮ԶԶĴƮӪصÿһ䡣
һӪصУַϴŵĳɫףżѪɫ졣
̧ͷַ㿴ʣˡ
հҹõϢĦԽľţѾ˰֮⣬δϮӪפ
ѩ¾ȴҵڱֻϣʱ̼ĦԽŵĶ˿̺Žսս
ӪУŲ˷ȴ˿ûԵ£ǷǳսʱսΪŽҾ֮״
ŲַڵӪأӰȫףòڣǵ㶼͸ŷַ㡣
һ𡣡
ַ㵭˵һ漴ԣӪȥҲĸ棬ϳѪս
ӪصĳѪַˣʮңŵױǳѪ׸ʺۣ·ѪƺƾðȺңʮˣҲһӪ֮
ھУٷ򳤣һӪ֮Ϊˡ
ʮˣһӪȴռһӪأѪɫס
ַֻһٶѸͣûжãݵĲã֮ء
ַǰ֮أãһƬǺɫӣ޾ޱߣɱ֮ĦԽš
ǰֻӫмսַ㿴սѪӿһˡ֮УԵ˵С
ʮţȫ侳ǿߣҲҪ˲̳ɷѡ
ս֮ϣ־ǿߣĻҪƾһ֮߸Ǭ̫ѣ˵֮ȡзͷһֱ˴С
ѩӪо룬ֱԼλãѪǷɢ֮С
ڶЯĻʳǾţм䴩оǰо
ѪԼ񣬶оǰ
֣оͣʮ֮ڣ˴ǵӦ
ǲǰԣ˵
ĪΪĦԽ̫ӻֱӺӲ
عͷ˶һۣ䵭˵ݣһռƣҲ淢ܹýʿȥǶջʤҲǲʤĦô
սǰطԸ񰮺ãĳһֱ䵭Ц£ֻǣ½пܣҵҲˣǧ֮ҲھУˣ˭еΣˣһȰóʤ֮
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ЦսɱɷǳϦ֮£ǲҪóʤ֮ߣһжϣǿЦ
˵ֵĵطǿͣȻİΣȻҪַ򣬿ңֲҪǣǽˡ
ǳַķһۣĿ͸˿˿⡣
Ǻ£еǰд˵飬æжΡַǰ°΢΢֮¶Ŀ񣺡£ַϧĪΪԼ˦Σ
˵ɣַ㲻ȶǻش𣬾ŶҶķȥ
ʱĶҶҲף˫ƯȴδͷڵסףΪ˱ڵߣͷʻͣὫ沿ڵס
ַһȺȴ⣬Ѫޱȣǵסֻһ˫⣬ǳ
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쳽ڶҶԣַһ˿֮ɫԼһĨ⡣
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ַĮĻӦһͷϵͷȡ£ݸҶܽݶס㻹ǴһЩ
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ַһ˿ɫ漴΢΢ͷá
쳽һĻĿĶַ㣬ַȴӵǿտ֮ؿȥ
ֻԷУ࿥𣬳ھѩ´ǧ׵ĵطͣ¡
ĦԽɷʮˣսѩ³Ѫɸһս
ĦԽɷѩµĳѪŰ㣬ǾƣɷѪ
ѪЩս֮ˣĿƽĮĵս
Ѫޱ飬˿ûиеɽǣֻ¡
ս
ЦһͷĿ߰Ѫųѩ¾ƣطսȻܶսѩʿǺε
ս¾ʿս
ѪĮɨ˶һۣսĺɷĿдɷûһƽ֮ȻǺɷ
һѪԭһȺ󱲣Ҷ䲻ţҲս
ǴȵΧʿʱЯľʿԽԽʧǽڳ֮⣬η岻ս֮ʵ
һѧԺλſԸսԸɳʮսǲһѧԺȺȥ˵ȻһѧԺĲſҲԸսĻԻʥԺӳսġ
Ըս
ʱһһѧԺȺУһϴս⡣
ãսϣһԼʥԺѩµĲſˣյʮʿλſȥһսѩ硣
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Ǻɷʲôʵַϸ΢ʵ
ʮˣΪ侳أ侳֮ʮ侳Ϊ侳Ϊ⣬һ侳Ϊ
ħӦַͫһ֧ɷǿ侳أʵߣ侳Ϊǿߣκһ֧ɰѪɵĳѪӪѪѡսȻҲһ
ĦԽһֱɳһǿӪս
ʱһ֧ʮʿɵСѾƴַ㿴Ŀ͸սһѧԺ֮һۣһս㲻ȥ
ţ
꿴ַһۣüͷ£漴üַ㣬ͬΪϵ֮ˣһΪѪӣû뵽ų
˵ɣֱӲǹɺɷȥ
ɷȺһſֽպɫĳǹѩȺǰ֮ʱǵϣɷţеĳǹͬʱȻǰ̳еĳǹһ⣬ȫַɳ
ǿ˻ŵսԼѩڽʿĳǹȺĺݺݵĳ鴤£һ˲䣬ʮʿȫ
һǹܣ
ַޱ飬ѾȰԷΡ
ֻʮɷѩ½ʿϵĳǹγٶųһУȵɷսѩ³Ѫ


0203 Ѫ콣
ѩ¾ţžһſĺɷжż֮ɫ
ʮɷǿǳǿղһǹţͬҲӣѩ½ʿǹҲ˲ɱͲں
ǻصڿռսѩڽʿȴһĬ
ΪսɾһѧԺӣÿһųսдż־ηһѧԺڲſ˭ԸȥΪͬŸ𡣡
ųսַȻ׶ָ˭˶ס
үղѾ˵ˣս֮ϣͬ飬ηһʥԺ֮˵Сүκ츳˵ãү˴ʽҵ֮ʱҵԸСүսѩղһս֮ܡ
ԸСүսҵ
ַ֮˸˵𺳡
ԸСүսҵ
ѪӪУһŭ֮ʱκս
Ǹ۾𣬶ַ㣬һô˼ƺԼĳĴ
κʵǳԵ˴ΣſսΪáǶ񶾵ַһۣ漴Цҡͷ
ղү˵ˣΪսɾСү츳ʵǿȻųսģֻҪս۳ɰܣǽɾַ㣬ٴԸСүս
ַƽ
Сүս
ĻٶȴöɫӲĶַ㣬쵰ﻢ¡
ҪսеԼսαһֱˡ
κַһȺ
졣
κĻ£ַȵκ㸸Ӷ˻治ҪǣȴһֱսԴǣôҵҪղһֱڸʲôٹ˽ҪһѧԺĵӶսô
ַ㵱˵湫Ȼǣ˶סˣЩһѧԺĵӶĿ΢΢𣬼ǸղûзӦ˿Ҳַѣǣôĳ
ַ㣬֪ڶ˭˵𣿡
Ϊ֮˧ַ㵱衣
Ҳַ֮䵭˵һ
ǻ˵ȴһĮǣҷǣ㹲УҪս֮ʱŪĻġ
˵֮Ȼ漴Ŀַϣַ㣬㶥ײνսɣ
ǣ
ַµĵͷ˫һԷɱַʮѪɫ׵ľʿϣսڣ
ںɷַ˹ǴһеĳǹХǹ֮ϣԪ£ռ䶼졣
ƣ
ַ㵭Į³һ֣ʱܵľʿȫȡ⻪䣬źХĳǹն̡
͡͡
촫Ⱥ𺳵һĻǰֻЩַ˵ĳǹȫնϻߴм̿
ô£
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ַ㣬֮Ŀֱ˺ɷ죬侳ǿߡ
֮⻪֮¡
һ˲䣬ǿĺɷ룬Ҳв١

ǺɷֵסַһɫȴǲҰףѪʱǿӪӡ
ֳҡ
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ɱ
ַٶ³һ֣ʱ˶ᣬеЯ߿񱩵ֱӳӶݵȺӳʱкü˱
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յУһõĵӰ֣ɿն£񱩵㷭أмӰֱն
תۼ䣬ʮǿĺɷֻʣһˣ侳صĺɷ졣
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𡭡
ǺɷŭһǹһУսڷɶտ粽ݡ
ַɫ£ͷҶûдͷݵɼƮ
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ұ߾ߣԶ
µַ³ڿⲽǺɫļ֮ն£Уһ޴ĺɫýӰ
ͣ
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ˡˡ
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ɷһնпܡ
䡢εȰԵ
һеģһʮ겻꣬ǿӰصս֮ϣƽսع飬ھʿ˻ֻǾĿݣ·ҪøһЩ
𣡡
һ漴ŭһƬǳѪоϵѪȼա
ˣжûѪڵĸоˣû뵽ǴѪģһ֮ˡ
ھǰѪ¶һ˿΢ЦһĿȻƽҴϣӰӡ
عͷѪϵ΢ЦҲЦˡ
ܾûЦˡ˵űתֻԶĦԽʼˣǱȴɾַ㡣
ң³һϸ΢죬Ѫ£漴Цˣַ㣬ϸ˼ң츳Ҳá
ַƽĻص˶ҶԣֻҶͷȡ£ϸַԼͷĳ¶һ֮ЦַĿⶼ΢΢һЦݣ
ΨǸӣɫ쳣ѿǶκƺ֮ʱΪַ㣬ȴַս
Ϊַ㣬Ѿ˦̫Զˡ
ַ㡣
ʱĿ⿴ߣ

ַӦ
ҴǧݣǣԳһӪųѪ콣ֱͳϽ
ַսȻɴͷ⣬Ըղַıʵû˾òס
ַ


0204 ɱ
Ѫǰַ㺰һͳ졣
ַ㣬ӪػԭǴţڳѪţھУͻӵдȨһҵҪǧ򳤵λþ͵ÿˡ
Ѫַָָĺƾ
Ҫ콣ӪɡǰЩڴĵǺַ㲢սǲںʲôǧ򳤵λá
Уھ͸ҹӡ
ѪǳһƾЦ£ǣ
˵գ˶ַЦ漴صԼǧ֮ʦС
ַ㣬СһãġѪԴ˵һ漴ֵȥɡ
áַ΢΢ͷ漴˵һԡ
ַ㡣
ʱһַĿת㿴ǱߵĶҶ֡
ڴ˵صҡַŰԵ˷Ըһ漴Ҷǰʵʲô·Ը𣿡
Ҫ²ҵ
ҶȻһЦַ㲻֪λشǺá
ַ㣬һӪɣҳֻһ˳˵˵
Ҷ˵һַȴǳĬˡ
㲻ϲǾˣȥɡ
ҶַĬ΢һʧ䣬мһ˿Цݡ
ַתͷ̤߿һĻöҶҧ촽оͷЩˣС󣬶Ǳûб˾ܾЩʳǵſۣΨַ㣬ŵ꣬˼ֺøУһιڣȴܾˡ
ȻӪʰɡ
һҶĶУַ΢΢̧ͷͿַתڶҶǣ˲¶һ˿õЦݣмΪЦ顣
ԭַ㲻ǾܾȻȥ

ַصҶǰһ
߰ɡ
Ҷĳڣʱڶ໤ľʿַҲ̤ϣȻûעɭĿ⡣
ߡ
ԣһ£漴Դ׵ƵƷƣɵúúñְ
Ҫʲô
ҧ˵һ漴̤ߣаַ㣬ɫ֮ͽ
Ҷַ⣬ǷƷƵľС
Ѫ˵Щϼһ۹䶾ҶַĿ⣬Ȼ΢ͬ
Ҷˣº͵Цţַ㣬͵ЦݵУм顣
Ůˮ޷ƭ˵ģһ
ЦҡͷĿһĬĬ뿪ıӰ֮ϣӰͬף֮µʥ࣬ʥӰ֮ʱɻоһ𺳵ľޡ

ҶӪڣõø£ݻȴܸɾģ˸омˬ
ʱַͶҶϯضмһ̴ľ
ַүȲ衣
ˮֱƵҶַǰ
ַæӹݵͷЦݹôչҡ
˶ԴַЩϰߡ
ַүǹĿˣźӦõġ
Ц£¶ѣǳĿɰ䣬ʮңֱഺ껪
ַֻЦЦûж˵ʲôŮʵҲūܹͣڹߣѾǳˣҶҶƺҲԿóֻ𾴶Ҷȴη壬ɼҶֽ֮ˡ
ս֮Σķֺαðط
ַмֲʵҶս֮ϣʲôá
ڻʹдˣÿ춼ǺͬĿߣʿѪҶ͵Цʹ˶ԣʥأеˣȴָоһҪ߶Ҷ㡣
ַ㣬ϲ𣿡ҶͻȻʵַ΢΢ͷϲ
ҵ
ҶַͷĿ΢һ˿˷ܵЦݣʱѾȥȡ٣漴̴ֹľУʰ֮ǳġ
ҶǺǳǳЦݣ˫ָ٣ָⲨ졣
ַ㿴Ŵ˿̵ĶҶš߹ż̧ͷŵЦݣ˳ԣ׿ҶݲۣϵԼӻΪ֮㵹ˡ
ҲѹЩӵһܹõҶ˼ˣӵйݣԼǿߵѪ֮Ůӣܲ˶ġ
Ҷ͡ףִżֻ죬ϸּ
֪ˣУܹ֪ҶһˣȪϸɽչھ׵ɽ䡣
ַıϣƷűвˮ鰲ͣͶҶһַ㲻аľнɣǳʣż֮⡣
Ҷż̧ͷַı۾ǵЦҲԽΪ
ӪʵУվףΨ˿˿Ʈ
Ȼڴʱ˫ַͻȻͷһֻ඼·鴤¡
һƻɫͫ˲両֣Χһжޱַûκԥתгһذף̶ֱ
꣡
촫ذ״ڼʸ֮ϣ̼ļʸмѿ漴ַշɹ
ХľϮֻӪʵĻ漴һӰ˸ǿΣַ㡣
ֱַذ׵Ĺ⻪ٶ˸ĳ۶ϣȻⲢδӰӰĶ
ͣ͡ذ˳ųԷؿڣȻַ𺳵ǣԷֱ֣ӽס֮УһޱļʸƿպХſֲƴַĶҶ
졢һ˲ɣ磬ԷԼˣ
̿͡ʿ
ַͷһԷӳǼʸ̫ˣ쵽ַѾǿֵס
ǲĶҶ
̿ͣ侳صΪ˦ļʸǺҡ


0205 սĻ
˻ƣ
ݲð㿼ǣִַһƣԵӡ֣ҲֻǼʸ΢΢ƫ˿
ַҲƺϵ̽Ԫ£ֱӽʸס
ͣ͡
ѸޱȵļʸַƵƤĦǰ޷ֵסʸǰֻ΢赲һ¶ѡ
Ҷ
ַŭһԷؿڵĽĽڶԷڽ̼䣬Ǵ̿ͱ
ͣ
һ촫ַò԰ףȻת漴㿴ǼʸһӰؿڡ
ǶҶݣڸղһ˲䣬ݣҶƵԼ嵲һ
ݡ
ҶʹĺһȻڴ˿̣ݶֱӱƿһ׳ٴֻ˲㽫Ҷ漴ڿա
¡
ַŭһڿտԽ
ҲͬʱһӰնڽ֮ϣݻ١
Ҷ˲ӪʵϷʧپߡ
ַͷһɫ΢Щ԰ףĲ֣ȫ侳ϵĸ֣һˣ޷ֹĲɱ
ЯſԻĽһҽдǳӰڽб˲Ϣ˺ѣַ㺬ŭһ޿ɱܡ
¡
ԵĽӪ˺ַӰӪʣĿ⻷ӣйٷɢ
ҵԷڵϴУַŲֱӴӿпȻʱһַӲ赲ס
ÿ
ַ㱻ǿӪʶˣǰ׵Ľʿȵ
£ɷ񰲺ã
ǽӪʺ
ûлǽɫһ䣬ַԹʲô
ַĸйУǼӰԶ룬ʱͶԷϻŲտֽ
ߡЦһȵ׼
£ʱӰ֣ԾУֳּʸȫ׼ַ㣬̼䣬һɷ˵ֱӳַ˹
ַɫһ䣬֪޷ȥӰٶ˻أǽɵģ
ǽûַĻͬԱȵԹʲô
˵գĽŲһӣʱӪ涼ɼֻһʬ壬ݵģҶѾ֪١

ǽһĿˣ΢΢̧𣬶ʱʿȫ߾еĹȫ׼ַ㣬·ʱܽʸ
ַͻȻЦˣſЦˣĻɫͫ׶ǽ죬ĵǲϧɱҲҪ޻ݺңҪַ
Ҳ˵ʲôǽ춢ַ㣬Įĵ빫ᲢۣҲ̫Լˡ
Ϊ½죬ɱū澣֪٣㲻գ㽫

ַЦ
Էӹ֮ʱνСЩ˼ȻѾ׼ãΪûпЩӶݣҪ׷ɱ̿͵ʱЩֱӽʸ׼ַ㣬ȻбҪַ
ַɱū͡ʧٵϢ
˶ŹڵӪػۣһƬҲǵˣҲˡ
ַ㣬㲻ΪȻԹв֮ģ˵ڹģ
ַ㣬Įĺǳ˵Ŀ⣬׷ַϡ
ַ㣬޷⡣
ʹ⣬Ҳⲻ壬û˻ǵˣѾʵ
ַ㣬ɱݣַ㣬˹ùʧ١
ֻ˿̵ַ㻹ȷɱ֮£ǷǶָʹ˵ֻǽһΪ
ǣ£ǷΪַ˵ǶǸɵģôǣ̫޳ܣ̫ݶˣǵһʸҪҶַ㲻ҶܱܿʸֱӴɱ
Բġ
һַ㣬Ҹһʱ䣬ǲ˵ɱ⡣
£ǵϣһɱַ㡣
ַɫĮĿ˸
ǶΪ˺õĻᣬΪβɱ֣ɱҪȵһʱ֮
һʱ䣬㹻˵õϢϸ˵ˡ
ַ㣬͸ǵ˼
ַ㣬ȷʱĶҶǷȫ
˿̵ַ㣬ȥҶҶϾҶǰ˽ߵģ˭Ϊַ㣬ΣΪҶĻ
Ȼ޾ļʸԼǿľţҪȥǳ˵Σ˿ʱв
ʱ仺Ĺȥһʱ䣬ܿ㵽ˡ
¡¡
ɱߵӪȫʿΧסһȦһȦ
ǣ治Ҷ𣿡
ʱһԶԶյУһ󣬳ѪͳѪֱӵַԣΧʿˡ
ַԹ죬˿̹ʧ٣Ϊ˧Ҫ̻Ǻξģ
Ŀá
Ҳܹʧ˭ɵģ¸֮ƺӪأҵô̵ʱ䣬һھУ㣬ʿȫ˵˾ģǹ⽫ӷߣù뿪
һֱָҪַͷһݣȻǾǳ࣬һ仰˵Ҫ㡣
Ǻˣүн˧᲻ʧ٣ȸģǷӪѲ飻ǴȺΧַһˣӪȴٳû´£йˡ
Ȼףһʱѵַ㻹Ͻ䣬նģǾ˧Լ׷ַΣȻڣ㾹һٲȥһԸ
ɫȻƺѾҪԸ
¶һ˿ЦݣԼͬҲսˣشӡ
Ѫڣ
ŭһ
ڣ
һޱصڿռ䣬Ѫ˻죬ռɱ⾳
еǰǣȴӲȵþжңĲȡ
ַ㣬ӹͼı죬з֮ģɱۡ
Įȵż
ǻ£޾ļʸȳַǣɱ˧
ɱ
ѪŭһѪﶯˣеļʸͬʱų̼ҽϣǱѪΧȺ˲䱻Ĩɱ
ǣҪɱ˧Ѫţŭˡ
ѪɱǵľʿһľʿҲ׵ŭˡ
һƺƵս̼䱬
ɫ䡣
ô£ôᷢչһ
ַ㣬˾սһʰսӣʮţһƵս
һУ·һϸǣһַ̤빫Ӫ֮ʱͷ·Ѿע
ˡˣ
һսĺŽԶԶĴɱĽʿƺѾ޷һַ̣ɫ˲ò԰
սĺŽǣµ鷢ˣĦԽʱǷ˹


0206 ѩµİ
ǣͣ֡
ҵĳһƣǰʸɳȥŭһ
ĦԽȫֵĻһսǱذɣһǲҰܣֻϣ̵ʱƽϢңֿĦԽĹ
֣ͣĴ棬ӻɱ֮ˣҶ΢Ҳغս
ĿĮ
쵰ǣҪʮʿ
Ųһ磬գŭѩ½ʿֹͣսУȫڴˡ
ݣ
һХֻ֮һʸֱӳȥΪҡ
ǣӡ
ŭһԵļʸɷĩ彵䣬Яַͬʱȵѩ½ʿġ
Ȼǰƣѩ¾ʿѾˣ޷ֵĦԽͻ֮ʦ
Ѫġ
Ѫŭһ񱼣ѪﲻټսӪʺȥ
ݡݡݡ
ֲХ֮ԶĲ񷿴ȥʱɫò԰ûаѪɫ
ֻǲ֮ϣ޾ļʸ꣬飬գ֮ȫ֡
˲书͸оǰɫǵصļʸ֮١
޾İҽһĻѩھʿԣĩա
ֳַַ֮⣬һ죬ĿĹ⻪һ㽣ĻǼʸڽĻ֮ڣ˲䱻ʳɷ顣
ʸµһĻʮϢʱ䣬ָֻ֮һƹȻ˿̣ѩ½ʿӪȫ٣֮ϣʬ塣


ź֮÷˻ųˣ˶ģǻһϣ
ˡˡ
һֺĻ֣֮ϣʸٶǣ漴١
޾ѪҽУʱغɱ죬ĦԽּʸ֮ѾɱѩµӪС
һ۵ȾѪԣֳֳַδˣǳɱ
ɱ
Щɱ￴ַ㾹ҷŭһǹַҴ̳սıܣһǹ쵽¡
⣬Ȼ֣Ŀ䡣
һ⺮ݣ
ǳɱӰֱӱնΣǱնѵ壬ɹԵǰɱ
֮
ַñ䣬Ļɫͫ׸֣һӳļӰ˲䱻ն𣬳ſзȥ
Ųַ㣬ӭųȺһ֮
һʮ˱
Ȼ˿̵ַѾΧΧסЩﲻٳǰ񱼣еĳǹ߾٣ŭһɱ죬漴ͬʱмַǹ͵Ĵַ㣬ǻУַ
ֲƽȺ֣ǻһñ
ݼš֮
΢֮أһ£ЩӰȫأȫնѣһмʮ˵
սݽ棬·ꡢʤ
Ųһ磬ַԾֱӽһƥ֮ϣϢŶʵʣ˲ޱȵѱַһĳǰ
貵Ľâϵĸ֣һɱһˣַµڣܵɱս
ģѩפ֮زʮ룬Ȼ̶̵ľ룬ȴΪ˵ʬɱ鲼һ·̵С
ڶ֮ϣǧ֣ȫǼտĹ֣鲼ÿһ䣬ÿĦԽʿ֮ʱʸƿն
ңֻɼ˵խ·֮ϣĦԽľʿ˹ҲҳȥĦԽް;
οĦԽľʿ˶мȣΪ˿̣һӰڣһ򵱹ءĪ
ѩ¾ʿֱӿ߹ȥ϶ģȴˡ
ĦԽʿһرһɱ
ļ鷢ɱˡ
Զϱɱѩ½ʿֻ絶
ַ֮ʱֱսվߣĿԶϵµӰ
Щʿַ㡣
ǡ
ַԶǵɱѾһ£ʮʿʻڶǵУʲô
ǣΪʲôҪôΪɱңĦԽǧѷĻᡣ
ĦԽƺ֪ߵңץסᡣ
ȺԽԽ࣬ȫ˶棬ֻɽϣܸõľɱˣԼ
ԶĴƺѾʣѩ¾ʿ¾һգĳŶıƽ
Ǿǧ֮ʱȫͣ
ģѩǵѩػгϣĦԽȻ
վڶϣ׾ɱΨһͨͨȺǴƶʯ£ˣ֯ͨԹ͵ɱһˣɱʮˣ˶
ĦԽˣ޴ֱӳģɽϵķܶࡣ
ǿҪһһ˴мϿȹȥҪüʿɥĦԽԸ
ĦԽڲš
Ұܣһսȫɱѩ¾ʿҲûĦԽʵղ̤ͨĵȺԼֻʮңлˡ
սʿʮǸŵ֡
֮ʱĦԽо̫ˣֱӾɱѩһûа㲼õֿʱ䣬ֻܣִټܣʤԷʮ׷ɱɱ֮ˣʤ
ʱͣµȺǰһӰ˳һӰ޳ɫżֲ԰ף˫۾ȴ͸ķҪʡ

촽΢ƺ󣬵ȴĴݵ˵ĶĤС
Ħɣ
꣬˵


0207 
ضʮأ̤İ벽պգĦһֱһΪˡ
Ħϣ΢΢Ƿѩ¾ء
ܾ֮¡
һĨʮʿѪȾɳЩ֮ģ˿ڵѪ
ʱ뽫ǽ֮ǽԸĦԽĦԸӭýִĦԽ֮˧λ
ĦɷǳĵΪ̫ӣȴް˵ԸӭĦԽˣܲɴ¡
ʤʤܱǰܣڡ΢΢ҡͷл̫Ӻˡ
ýһˣˡ
ĦԽ˻֣ʱԵľʿλããȺУмӰ֣һٻӰٲƣѺĦԽھ֮ǰ

ַͫ׶Ȼһַ㣬Ŀ˸â¶
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ѵǴɱҶ˲ǶţĦɵˣ
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ʱĦɵַϣЦַ㣬԰ɣ
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ӭΪֵܡ
ĦԽ̫ĦɣȻ˿ַ㡣
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ĦɺЦ˵ַĿżϧ֮⡣
ַһۣ״ʾ䣬ַѪϧעɿգĦԽɱġ
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㲻ûʲôˣ㿴һˣһС
Ħ֣ԣһӰǰ̧ͷͷϵͷȡʱݳַ֣
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Ħɵ˵ƽ
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ھеԵףǷʲô˭˵ĦԽĴûѩµԵףԵףҪԼܽӴ٣ͬҲҪãĦɣɽ˵ķ˳
ǧ̣֮Ѩһ̽䣬Сһ϶㣬Ħãս֡
ͽǼĦԽǶӢۡ
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Ħٶ˵һ漴𶯣ɳڿƮɣѩȺ
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ַ㿴һ۶Ҷȥ֮ʱͷ΢һŨŨھ֮⣬ʵãҲڱߣǣҲɷѣҲᷢʮѩ½ʿѪͲ
ȻַԼԼȥѾŬֻǱƣı䲻ʲô
ضгǡתŲıӰַͷ΢֪˿̵κ˶Ҫʹࡣ
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߹Ķȳַ΢΢޲
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㺦ʮʿл
˵һַɫ䣬壬˴̼Ըл
ǣ㣬վ˵˴󻰡
ַ̲סڣĵ֮ͽ¹ܣ˽أȴȥ׽ýӹ֮ˣΪĿģϧսĦԽɱ֮ʱɹ˼˽ýʿѪսԼӻʳдĽʿԼӣӵñκ˶죬ʿУĽʿȴָ㣬ɱǧΣ㣬Ϊүȴ˵ĲҪ
ֱַ̣ڶǵͷΧȺĿ⿴ŶǣǵɫҲѿ
ַ㣬㲻ҪǣǹܣѲΡ
ǣҲҪǣǾн˧ľӪܣ£˹ѲΣΣ
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һЦ漴תȥ
أҲ޶ӣ
ַ㿴ŶǵıӰԾģַĻԷԷθǿӣɱκεԥ
ƺǸַܵ㻰еĺ⣬ĽŲ΢΢˶٣漴ٶַ̧㣬ҲɱǼ䣬ݣ


0208 һٳ
¥֮ϣֶλͳԼַ㡢ơ
ѾվＸʱδֺ˶ĬǶ˿֮ʹ
ʮʿѪʮʮͥжתۼ䣬ҷ⣬ս
пᡢ飬˭֪ᷢʲôݺɳʮδһܵҲˡ

³漴תʱгУ˶Ǩ㣬׼Զгǡ
ĦԽԹҪЮǵסˡ
һʧгǣһΣǣʮ׽г̤ƽ
ޣɷƽˣ侳֮ˣһԾܿϳ¥ǵصļʸڼֱڡ
г䲻嫣ֻһСǣҲӵнʮڣȴҪȫ磬ܣۡ
̾Ϣһ
սֻʤܣⲢǽַ֮ҡͷ
ַ㣬ڰæѻľ֮һǺ⣿
ɻһ
ַĿת͸һ˿أµĵҪ𡣡
𣡡
ַĿ⣬΢ͣȴֵַ壬һΣϣҡ
ĬƬ̣漴صĵͷá
λͳ죬ϣҲϡ
ַֽĿѪϣֻ˶΢΢ͷַ֪㵽Ҫʲô
ʱУң˲ڣ׼Ƕȥ
ЩȺܶ඼ѩʥԺһѧԺȺ˴βҰףҪսѲܣڴ˵ػΣգصʳǣ֮£޹ء
ЩνſǣҲžӿ⣬뿪гǡ

һ޴Ƕǵ
ң¹ܣʮʿ磬˴λصʳǣұʵ£֮
ŭ֮ԶԶĴݿ·еĴģǣκ
ַͷӪбܣȴ޹أҪȥʳǣ¡
˵ַҲȥʳҪȫжϡ
ûǣСˣֵȥᡣ
ڵǽǷгǣܺսĦԽš
ʤЦݣ˧ھ뿪˶гǣȻĦԽ֣˻أʱһֽ£ǻӾ£׾֮

֮Լת˲
¡¡ͶһɫĦԽﵽ⣬һ޼ʡ
˿̶֮ϣκӰ
ĦɲǰǼžɽĿ¶˼֮ɫ
ĪѩĳģǵøĦԽ
Ħǰѩ˾ĵϢɺɣǵɽϣܹ׾ٵĲʿҲ֡
ǰ
Ħɵ˵һҶڿ֮ϣףûκĦ˵ǰ㣬ᶯֺ
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ĦٶȿڣƬ̣һӺɷǰֱӳȥģ漴ɽ
ĦһִУܻɥ
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ĦɵĮ˵ҲĶгǿճǣԻһǶȣû˶ǵҲǶȥս
һӼǧ˵ľӺƵǰӶֱͨǵӰʧĦɲʾǰǳ
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սǶϷһʧʬ
Ħǰ㣬Ķгǣһճǣûһˣһǡ
վڳ¥֮ϣĦޱ飬ĦԽδ̤ģˣͨǵ̤޾ĶУϵСǣʤСǣȻʤ
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Ħɵ˵ʱ´ݣפгǡ
ƣгҲ£ǰһ޼ʵƽԭ֮أӾ£ҡ
ҹʱ֣гһƬžҹʿ⣬˶硣
ڶгǵĳǽ֮طһӰȻ֣ǵĿУ㶼˸ŷ֮â
ͬʱгǵ淽ĵǰڼ֮ͣ£ٿгǰ벽
ʱַ㣬Ҳڶг£ɫĿ˸űĹ󣬳ڵһжĸ֡
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ʬ£ַϣ漴Էӳǽ֮⣬˽סĵķǽţûκε췢
Χһӳ뵽ַԺУ̧ŲϢƬ֮Ǽʬ屻ӻسǽ֮⣬ųǽѩ¾ʿסȻǵ£Լϡ
ҲǽУÿһˣֽýݡ
ȺˣȫǳѪѡľ֮ʿٶǰٷ򳤼ϵĽ죬ʵ侳ϡ
ߣ˿̶г⣬طͬһĻʵǿ֮ǱУɱ˶ʬӳǽ⣬漴ס
ҹΣһжھķûаϢ
ʱһɫ׵ĽʿڶгУֳֳǹݡ
Щʿеһˣ¶ῡ㣬Ȼַ㡣
ȺˣĦԽʿѩ֮ˡ
ΪǸפڶгǣĦԽʿûôɭϣǳ⣬ַ˿ɵڶгǵÿһ䡣
Ƭַ̺һ䷿ݵУֱӲС
վס
һֻʿַסѾסˡ
֪
ַŲǰĿһ漴貵Ĺâ˵ĺֱһ̵ذף屻ķŵڵء
˸ֱַӳһ䷿ݱȥѽһſذ׵⻪ٶţǸմ򿪷ŵĽ죬˲ɱҲסϢ
һˡ
ַ㵭˵һ漴뿪䷿ĲУľͼƻ˵ģвľķ䣬Щѩ½ʿǳϤ֪λġ
ͬһĻϵڶгݣڲ֪˶ãߺ֮ҹļžƣгУĦԽʿж
ߺַ֮㵱Ȼױ¶ˣĿ΢ֱɱһ䷿ᣬ׼õĲľȼƬ֮󣬻
⣬гУͻأģ䵱Уͬл֣Żӳ
ַ㿴Ż˸ڶгУĿ΢΢ǰʱҰַ㣬һٳǡ
Ȼ𣬻Ҫһ㡣


0209 м
г⣬ܷ򣬳Ѫ￴л֣Щһ£˿񱼣ûκԥֱгǶȥ
ֻ˲䣬Ѫ㵽г⣬ȡ±Ϲͻأ֣Ѫенʿȫ׼˻֡
ͷͻأȼȼһļʸϣ漴ƿնϷȥ
ĻƳգҹȼޱȵѤ
漴ڶгĦԽʿ𾪵Ŀע֮£޾Ļ
ĳѪʸ֮󣬱̤񱼣ƶλãһ뽫ʸһֵĻճ׵硣
ֻǶ̶̲ʱ䣬гǣΪһƬ𺣣죬нʿȫһţͻһĻ˲һš
ͬʱڣַ̤геľʿɵĽŰɱ
׼ЩĻ˲Щ侳ΪԼϵľ֮ȻҲ˵ĦԽľ񣬲ȴĨɱĦԽͨʿĦԽĲ𳹵׵Ĵ
ȼյһĦԽľӸ޷ۣǵսҲҴܡ
ʱһ¥֮ϣĦһֶۣ
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Ħɻ£˲䱻ݿһڱȼյĶгд
ʱеĦԽʿٽǻ棬Ҳȥͳеѩ¾ȫűŷȥ
ʱгĳطһ˸ʱһ˱նɱͬʱĦɵҲͨݶʿȻֱӷ˻ɱַ㣬ַӣűȥ
ЩʿĦԽʿȫѭûκεɺԥ
ĦɣھкǿӰ
ַ㿴һĻаĦԽĦĦԽĦԽ񣬶ĦɣҲȷĦԽӵ޿ɱ
ȻĦɵӹɡ
ĦԽʿȥŭͷԣ˵ֻ᲻ϵ󣬻һ𣬽漴һطͻΧõӦ֮ˡ
ڣֻпˡ
ַаһ漴뵽Щڻп񱼵ľʿУǲ籼ܣűŷȥ
ĦԽܻ۴һҲȻȫˣĦԽʿףܻᱻʶơ
ʮҪȫ໥ʶǸܡ
ŵķҲͬлȻĦԽǿߣвѩϵӵߣܹٿغ֮ˮȼնĻϨгУ˵أΪȫҲΪ
Ȼȴ˳߿£ֻǶ̶̲ʱ䣬нʮĴڴˣڲϵš
ЩȺȫŰܹԶҵĺԼĽŲ
ʱĦվȺǰĿ⿴ǰĳţĵš
š
֮Ȼȵʱ¡촫Ŵ󿪡
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ĦٶȺȵǰһ飬漴̤񱼣ȥ
ںҹиԶǷȷ̽·зҲȫɱ
ȺУַĿ˸侲ˣÿµĦɡ
ڴʱ˵ɣĽ緶䲻ǰ治ɫ
򣬽ңģܲҡ־ţٶ࣬Ҳһ
ţԶһĳţĦΪػڶĺͶгǵмشҲ⣬ɱضĦԽ·ĦԽ֮ڳУˣûѡţѡ񱱳š
ǧȷڰУǰžޱȣûκεֻ̤첻ϵĻصڿռ䵱С
ڴ˿̣ս˻֮ͻأ𣬱ǰľʿоͻȻݣͬսһ볯ݵĵ䡣
սҲڴʱϵһݵĵ棬һʱ䣬ȷֱޱȵĻ
з
֮ĦԽȷŽֹסǰ֮ƣս뵽ǰݵĻУᣬΪ޷ֹסǰ֮ƣײǰս֮ϣǳҡ
ֹסǰĦԽȷתͷسˣȻûгٶǻس̵·;ƾճ˰ţӭǵƿնļʸںҹкХУӰ١
Ĳҽ֮˷ϵĻصڿռ䵱С
еĦԽԶ֮ɫ΢Щ԰ףзˣЩȷţɡ
ǰšĦɵɫƽ˵һ漴ٶȳſ
бѩϵǿ߿ͨŵ;Уʿڻ𺣵УʱĻҲɱһЩȺ
Ȼ۵ŵĴûм٣ˣΪͨгǵʱĦԽʿӡ
ʱŵĴжʮ֮ڣĦɵģȴ΢оЩ䣬һٳǣúݵֶΣò˵ǰ޹˵սյЧʮ·ΪޣڶгС
ţǧȷͣ
ĦֵĮ˵һһΣûǧ￪ǧ
Ŵ󿪣ﳯǰۣ׼
Ȼſ֮ʱĦԽĿһֻǰģѩ¾ʿڻӳ֮£ǵ䡢£顣
Ϊ֮ˣһװȻѩ½
мˡ
ĦԽʿ˲䶼ףղĦɵѡǶԵģţѩµĴղǱ⣬û̫ķֻӵѣǼмƣǳļмơ
Ǽ˫սĦķڷ
ĦɵĮ˵һ
ֻʱѩھʿ뻮һȡ֣޾Ļ潫Ƭռ
Ϊ¥赲סߣĦԽľʿжˣֻܿҫźĻ档
ս֮
˵һƻľ
ǽ֮˲ִս
Ħ¶ɻ֮ɫʵ
ַ㡣
ƻ䣬ʱ޾Ļ֮꣬ĦԽʮϡ
һּʸȥ֪жɥͬʱҲȼӣΪý顣
ѩھĻ֮ٶȾĦ֪Ѿ޿ˣս޿ɱ⡣
ɱ
һ𺳵ĦɵĦԽţη֮ųųȥȻӭһֵĻʸ
ڴʱ˶һַ֣㣡
һսַ㣬ѩºĦԽȡ


0210 һˣ
ң
֮׵ʬǵĴۣĦԽΪУڳ˳ţѩ¾潻档
ǹںҹ˸İĹ⻪ϵĶУ̤ϵ졣
ŵߣЩŻĳѪ۶һֻʸĦԽӵȺУȼգϣĦԽβӣͬʱѪڲһ貵Ľâ˸֮ӿΧĿռʱγһƬ֮أаɥ
һ֮ĦԽڲӵĳѪҲڵ˵ڲĦԽţҲԼ֮⡣
һսĦԽӵжʮսѩһֻʮ򲻵ӾԣȻĦԽǿ
ȻѩһѲúݣڳһſȴĦԽʮּʸ䣬ʮ֧֪֮ɱ˶ˣҲĦԽڲˣټ෽ѪļлԼַڲӦ˵ѩһȫƿ
ཻ֮ʱ·꣬˭£˭ʤ
ַĦԽҾУһ֣һɱһˡ
ĽŲһֱһ̤赲ˣڽ
ַ㣬ԣͬһ˺һ𣬳ͬһɱȥ
ѩĦԽ֮սǬܷŤתѾܾģַҲֻزˣڣҪȳҶҶǰ²ߵģͬʱҶ£ѲΣʳǷڣԸΣҪȻضҶ
ַ෽ͬһ貵Ľâϵ˸䡢Ӱɱ
⽣ַĽҪ죬ַĽҪɱأɱ֮
Ŀ΢תַ㿴һűŮ˻ҪƯ˿̺˪顣
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ʣһƹâҫڴ֮ϣԵʱ֡
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ңʬڵѪȻϵڵţɱź֮·޾
ַԾ𣬶֮Ǽ˱նɱַȴûа˷֮⣬ǲãϵʬѪֱ֮⣬⣬սľ
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ڷۡƣӰħڲ֮ϣ
ǿ󣡡
ַͷһ£ڲ֮ϵĺӰԷվǣ͸һֲƥеĸо
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ӡһǱСźɫļ֮Ȼ¡
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һƣֱɱǧѩ¾ʿһ㻹֮ûУֻǿӡ£ҽжͱûǺɫӡС
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ѩڽʿɫҰǺεǿߣǿĴڣǸսûС
ϵȺȫͣѩµͣĦԽľʿҲֻ̧ͣͷĿŲ֮ϰȻĺɫӰ
𣡡
Ƭ̣ĦԽھзһŭ֮ء
ĦԽǿߣһˣȫľԵ
𺳵ĺֵַĽ΢΢š
ѾĻΣŤתǬΣǿǰһ˵ǿ󣬾Ӱս֣һǧ
ֵȭͷַúޣԼǿ󣬲ݾ
ǺɫӡӦԪ侳ǿߵԪۻޱȵĺɫԪ
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䣬ݾ񷣬ԣ⻹侳ĸ߽ǿ߶ѣ֮ߣأʯ쾪ʬҲ
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ַ㣬Ҫ׷Ǿݾɺ飬ҲŬϵ׷Ѱţ־гһգ̤ɽݺ
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ͱ˿վǲ֮ϵǿߣܸѩ¾ţǡ
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һĦԽ֮ʮأҴ֮㣬Բðɡ
ǲ֮ϵĺӰĿ⽵ϣĮȴŲɿܵϣ֮˧ǰݽ档
Į̧ͷŲ֮ϵĺӰֿһѩھʿһ˿
֮ս˫Ķǿ߲׼սǾŹĬϵĹ򣬶ڽգ˵أǿѹѩ¾ţѩµĬ𣿡
һ˿֮ɫĦԽĬϵĹ򣬳ҪѩºĦԽսڣĦԽѩ£û̲ԷʵˣӦñƣȻһ⣬ѩһĬԷΪ
Ĭ
еĲѩʿж¶һ˿֮ɫַ㣬ҲͬܵŨŨı
ܡң˷룬˵ѩĬⳡսı󵽵ʲôû֪


0211 ƽ
˵ĿⶼͶյУǰԵĺӰ
ֻǺӰϸһĨЦĵ㲻Ҫ֪ôʮϢʱ䣬Բãұ֣ʬǲ档
ɷϧһΪսϧʿǣ
̧ۣյеĺӰȼŨŨս⣬壬ڿնսԲá
ѩھȫ¶ޱȱߵɫ˴ѩ֮٣ս֮
ȻҪұȫ㡣
ǺӰɫĮϺɫԪٶȻۣŻ
ŭڣƾЪ
̧ۣ쳤Х׳ҡ
ʮǧ·ƺ¡
һĸ߸֮ԶԶѪ漴ֻޱȵнʿĶС
Ħ̫Ħɣձڴˡ
΢Եȴӹɵĸо
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ԶûƬ̣յУһӰ֡
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׳־⣬Ц̸ĦԽѪϥٵָ֮Уһɸ֣޾İɫ⻪ӹٵ֮Ʈ˲䣬һֻ֮·ǧĦԽʿű̴֮˲Ϣ
̸Ц䣬ҷɱ˲Ѫ
īɱѩ֮ұɱĦԽ֮ɱұɱĦɡ
국ĮĿŷŭĺīɱˣż֮⣬̸Ц٣Ӱ
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ѩھʿĿ⿴Ŵˣ˿˿֮ɫȼϣ
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ոٵַ꣬ʶһѧԺʶˡ
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Ǿӣ⵹ǺʰѩмƣƱŮ˻ƯսУɱһɱһˡ
ƽַ㰵ּ£ʦʵӦҪһѧԺԺʵҪǿ
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ѪˮһȾء
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ʱַڿǵٻӰսϵٻӰҶ
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ҶҲַ㣬˫ˮ㣬һƲƣмڴ
ȻȺɷͬɱַˣ֮Ŀ͸ɱ⣬񡢴̹ǡ
Ųһ磬ַֽϣԾ𣬶ַԾͬʱһɷҲͬʱˣƾհ𣬡ն
ַһӣ⻪硣
ɷһʱַֻһ֮ӵԼӿԼĽڷƮҡУȣռ䣬лˮ֮
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񱼶ַһն£һӰս£ַԾս漴ǰ˵׷ȥ
ҶΣҪȻء


0212 ǧ׷Ϯ
ڶŭַı޲սıڡ
ӰǹҪַסȴûӰ˲䱻ն£ַսٶûܵӰ죬׷ϮǰľŵӰսĴǰϵĻιһš
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ȻѾĦԽƣΪַŵҲĦԽף˲û˹ַ㡣
ǰԼں׷ַȫ˳ͨ˶ģٶȲһ޼ʵƽԭϼۣߣɻʬ徲ڻ֮ϣЩʬ壬ѩ¾ʿʬ塣
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Ȼַ㲢ûзĴ㣬־ޱȼᶨ
һĻʱ֮ãַ㶼֪Լ˶پ룬ΧżĴ
˿̵ַ㣬ѾĦԽѩ¹Ľ֮أĦԽڱԵ
ַµսŰĭȫǺˮԵòظ
սǷǳĺã˿ַսѾ޷ֵĵزսܵöôѸݣѾ˸ɡ
ڴʱַڸоǰӰǰӰڼ٣ͣ
ַȻһµսҲ٣ʱһս˻дַµսȻֱǰϥ򵹣ǰ˵ȥսַ֮ͣʱ޷Ǳŵһľ
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ʱһĮ˵һַĿ΢̫Ҫ
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һ׳׾ʿĮӦ¶ݣȻ䲻ڴ˵°ʹȴȫǺɫ롣
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ˣȫͷڵסգֻһ˫۾⡣
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ͳ졣
ַһĨ֮ɫΪĦԹҶΪնͬʱλͳԸǿַ㡣
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졢磬쵽Ӧڱ׾ľǱս
Сģ
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ӰɱɱӰһ
ǵؼ似ǿַ㻹侳صʱþӰɱĨɱ侳صǿߡ
ַʵѾ侳أǿʵ似ӰɱҲԽԽ죬ܷӳǿ
ӰһɱӰ
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Ҳġĺ£һɳƵ漴γѪ磬㻢ٲģҲѱɱ
һ֮䣬ûлͷ·


0213 ޾η
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ңսʲôԡ
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ɾƱҪӵһеľĺ־ȻԼӵ侳ǿһսʵôˣҲΨиսսսļܹ֮Ϊǿޡ
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һĨɱ侳صĻǲַܴҵɳ֮
飬ֻҪɡ
Ϊ׵ĸͳ˵һ˿µսһ˻ȫַ㱼Ȼ
ַᶯһ£һӰӰƮȻˣ漴һ¡ը죬졣
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쵰
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ɱ
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Ȼʱַ㣬ϵϢȴڲϵǼ⾳Ϊһļ
޾ηս⣬Ҳشơ


0214 ƶ
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ռһʱüžһѪΣ˳Ǹͳµ䣬û֪˿ģַޱȰԵһȭֱ˺һڣȴüͷûһ£֪ǰַ㣬˵øء
ʱַȭͷڶԷУվһɫͫףΧô硣
ĹѵڸܵشƺʱܵزƮƮģȻվǣȵվ
ĺɫУɫĹ㣬Ǳѩ貵ĵâǽ֮Ԫأǽɫĵϼ⣬ս֮⾳һУУԺг֣˵
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΢Ƶļ£Ϊһ㣬ӳǿÿһ仯ִƣ
Ȼƻ΢ǽǲԼһӦáһ򣬵վޡ
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ַ統УɫĹתţ·ҪںΪһͬʱַϣû˱ѩ⾳û˽֮⾳Ҳûȼյս֮⾳ʱǸƽͨûκΪķˣƽ棬ûа⡣
ȻƽʵУȴַ·һζڵζ
˿˿Ԫ뵽ַڣڵԪںϣ˳ĻѪתţַϵĹϷ죬ƺ顣
Ϊ̤ɸıˡ
ָı䣬ǵָʵĸı䣬ܸͬı˵ĽǡѪ⡢ʣ޸ʺϵĽøǿ

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ߵ᲻ϵı仯ޱǿ;УҪ벻ϵһõɱ䣬Ӷϡ
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Ҫ˵ȴʿֲһƣʱĺɷͳ죬ս֮£


0215 ʹˡ
ַĿ΢һ˿֮ɫ
ͷľʿҲһۣ¶һĨɫ
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˵˵һս˲磬˵
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漴һɻ촫漴ֻһԵͷţ峯˳ȻѾˣҪ˳˲䣬ֱӽǵϣݻǵ
ַͶҶĿ⣬΢΢£ǻصս֮ϵʿ
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ʵǿ侳ΪַԺУͻأĸһӰգƺҫ۵Ӱ
ɽ
ˣǵƺںĵӵһˣɽ
ַ㣬ε֮սԶûеô򵥣ʮĳЩĻ֮УӡϣʱֻΪﵽǵĿģд˴ðնֵãΪͲ¡
ַɽĻͷ£ûѩʥԺɽȻڹԣζţղͷľʿѩʥԺˡ
ѩʥԺˣͺɷһ𣬶ڶҶߡ
ȫжԵȴܺгһദ
ѩʥԺ棬Ƕǣɷ棬Ħɡ
뵽⣬ַͻȻоһ⣬ͷβıļ䡢ǡ
һע˽ֵսһѾƻ˵ս
ܡҡʮʿһУѾעˣڼƻУһУֻΪ˵Ļ֮ĳЩ˵ĿģĳЩˣҪַַ֤˹ܣ޻ĳЩˣҪ˵ⳡսı磬üʮʿɥȪ
ȻַŬţһתĺƵսʣǧ׷ϮҵҶһУֵ
ַûң򾳽ϵͻƣ̤˽һ֮ʵǰǿ
վǳĬãַڶˣ̾ϢһеһУɢ
ַ㣬ַֻ㣬ֻΥģ͹ˡ
ЩıЩƣֳֳն֮֮
֮ʱ𣬸ıơ
ַĿתҶ֮ʱĮûκУǿһİ˰㡣
ַ㣡
Ҷַ񣬸оЩ䣬Ŀˣϧ
ַֻŲ漴ƻӶʱҶϵϵնѿ
ЩַתŲֱ̤뿪ûҶ
ԭһֱܺãȫˣ
ΪʮʿַԼҲڴˡ
ַ㣬Ҳ֪
Ҷ䣬ۿżʪɽĿУȻһУҲ֪ʱַʲô
Ҷǹ߸ϣǴ˴ıؼһ㣬ô᲻еĻοַ㱾ʹΪλսΪûıҪһΣգⳡıĵսɣҲַܹΪλǷȥ롣
ַĽŲɣûͣµ˼Ӱżɪͬżּ֡
ַ㣬Ĳ֪
һˮ˳ŶҶ۽ǻ£ģȻʹˡ
ŮˣˣŻʹ
Ҳǰ˰ɣ


0216 ݽߵԪ
ãĹŵ֮ϣһڻ֮շѹһۼ
ƥţǰ󻹸ŲϵȺƺڻǰС

ʱסͣ
ҵǰһطֻһӰڵ֮ϣϻһףƺǸʿ
ϢûһңǸˣԲѡ
һӲ̽£漴żݳ֮
Ƶ·ԣǻҪ·
ݳĸ˵һ˱׼ӦڴʱĻһֻܷܷ֣漴һž¶һŮʮ꣬Ŀ峺ͣš
ôоʿڴ롣
ŮʵҡҡͷĦԽͨʿʵһ㲻̫ǿǧϼĽ죬ʵӦúΪʲôԭ;аɡ
ŶŮ΢΢ͷ˸漴
С㣬ⲻ̫ʡĿһ㶣˵
ûϵŮЦЦַ˵˰ᵽ
˿˸һۣεĵͷֻܽŵᵽĻС
ٶȻǰУĻĵУλŮӣŮ֮⣬һʮ˾ŮӣҲΪ
飬ôİ
ʮ˾ŮӿŮĴڵ꣬ɵü
½㣬㿴ƺأˣ
Ů·ûԷĻ㣬鶯Ŀдżֺ֮ɫ
εĿŮһۣ΢΢ҡͷĿŵӰϣһ̣Ҳ΢¡
ꡣ
а̾һȻԲѣǷüīǳ㣬ţмֳʡ
꣬ӦǾ֮˲ŶԣΪλס
½㣬ҿӦú࣬ҲΪݣǺͦġ
ŮԹԵ˵ţƺʲô㡣
֡
ºǳһмֲá
½㣬ֻǺ㿪Ц֪ķҪǿУ½Լ侳ΪţᣬһǸʿôܱǿ
Цεҡͷ
飬˵ңǺúȥѰŽްɡ
Ц£½㣬˵ͻȻ˵Ҫ飬ô£ǰû˵ϲλŮӡ
ĻҲü漴˵ӾͿҪˣ͸óɼңſ̤أ˴ҲŮӣ˵ǰʶģôҲ
Ŀ漴ҡͷ⡣
ʱϵӰָͻȻ£Ŀһˡ
ֻڵϵë˶漴
һ˫ɾ۾ܴ󡢺ʱ˫۾ȴɻ֮ɫ
ԭַ꣬㡣
գ뿪Ҷһξ룬ֻ·ʲôûɵ䣬漴ε˵ϣԺһƬհס
ʲô֪˼ն
¶˿ַ۾£ÿ꣬˿ַ۾ƺ㿡ˡ
ģ
ַҲǰλŮɻһ
ˣҽ飬һСϿǣ·ͽ̧תַͣˣôεСϣУǾʿʲôʵΣ
һܵⲻ˳ַоЩͷʵҿ𣿡
Ŷ΢Щ˼漴ڵϵַַĶ档
ҽַ㣬Ϊ˲εģһͨľʿʵΡ
ַ˵ŵڵԪһַ̣Ŀһͣ˿̵ֻڿյģûһ˿Ԫ
ô£
ַͷݺݵĲ£ͫ͵һǵԼľõͻƣʵӦǿ˲ŶԣΪδ˿ھȻûаԪȻ޷κεԪ
ôˣ鿴ַɫı仯һղ˵ʵΣ
ַ㿴һۣ漴Ŀ΢΢ϣΧһУ
㲻ͷĵһأѾܹԼԼĽѪ⣬ܵڵһС
Բǧ֮أһж˵ֻҪֵַ֪ܹԺС
ûȷˣңڵĽǣƺǰˡ
ַ۾ݺݵȭͷȻûκεԪ˿ϵǰԪ֮ʱҪǿǿζʸǿˡ
ƫƫַ޷˿ԪԣӦ˵ڵԪ׵Ŀˡ
⵽ôˣ
ַüͷţˣԪȴݽˣô£
ѵƶ̤˽һľ֮巢ʲô䣿ڵԪݵĿݽߣ
ַתԪȻת֮ûԪڣ·һжԼڶϾϵ㣬ƾκʹ
˵ַδţȴû뵽Լϡ
üͷԽԽãַüͷɳ£˳ȻɣܳΪ˷˵ġ
ҲǻԵɺ֮£ԼһľҲ˵
뵽⣬ַɫҲ滺Щ˿̵ûǿϢҲûв̬ϢͨһˣȴмӢʮ㡣
ô˵
鿴ַɫϱ仯ȴƫƫĬһοʵ
ַ̧ͷһۣĿ˸£˵ңûʵ
ûʵ龪һһɫ

һԵֱӣüûʵȻǷһ޴½û֮أӵһƤҡ
˿Уʹ˿˿ɫġַ㡣


0217 ľ
ַ³ķ̧֣ͷԷеıĳ֮ɫаҡͷ
Ϊ磬ûʵֻбķݣֻЩ˷ģЩΣıֳͺñȴ˿̵¡
飬ɡ
µ˵һƽûаɲʱ̿һΪʡ
㲻ǾʿôûΪҲ侳Ϊɣ
۾ַ㣬˸Ĺâ
ˣû˿ʵ
ַҡҡͷûΪµĻŭ⣬˴˴սϴеſݵĳ棬ԼѪȾĴأģøӵļˣײңľҲõ˲Сױ˵̬Ӱ졣
Ŷ˵ͷַ·˼ɫƺڿôַ㡣
飬Ǳɽׯ֪ǵһҪ˳Цȥɡ
ֿ˵˿ûй˼ɾߵַ㣬ԣһϣҪں͹˼ַκθܣǵ衣
½㣬ȻҲԵαô顣죬ҡͷַ㣬Ҫ͵ҵ˰ɣңǴɽׯ
ˣ
ַһ㶣ūͣ
аЦû뵽ַ㻹ǵʱ򣬲˿̻ĦԽڣڵԪֿݽߣûʵһ˵Ļ˵ΣգߴŰɣνˡں
ֻҪһָʵ˭ҽ˿
΢ĵ˵ͷַûʲô
ǺãԺַһֱҰɡ
鿩Ц£żŮƤҡҡͷû˵ʲô
ޱɽׯ滷ɽһƬ֮أ˵ĦԽԱشһɷ֧ϸһ
˵ϸǿ侳ңϸϹʱھѾڣĦԽʷҪãû䡣
飬ޱɽׯĴС㣬£鸸ŮޱɽׯĵλҪµģͬ£޷أͱҪַҲ޿κΡ
ޱɽׯռطǳֻסĵطɽˮ㣬ɽƣ޴ͥԺһƬ̵֣Եøľ
ʱַɨ㣬ͥԺĿյϴɨţ˫ȴûпŵ棬¶˼ɫ
ܹ̺֮ܵԪָоǰӵȻȴ׽סţ޷Ԫ壬̸Ԫ״̬ƽҲһ˿
һƬҶڿлķţַĿ⿴ƬҶܹĲ׽ҶĹ켣
ɨ㽻ֵУַ̧ڿĻһһҶնȥȻûԪҲûн⣬ַƣһһ
Ȼַ㴥Ҷ֮ʱȴо޴ҶƮƮ趯ţץţԱƮȥַƣֱն˿УһĹ
ն
ַĿ΢ҶƮ䣬޸֮ûд㣬ƮƮģȻַܹĸܵĹ켣ȴ޷Ԥ֪Ĺ켣һĹ켣͸ıˡ
ַǰʹԪѸٳƣܹ׵նҶڣ罣նȴն
ҵľ磬˽һƺȱ˵ʲô
ַ૵ĸӦȷǿˣǰߣǣоԼһڵ㣬ǳؼĽڵ㣬ƺٽһ
ڵ㣬һ̤ȥ޷ɵԪ
ǵͻ֮ʱܵػѣڸܵˣΣ֮ʱҵ־ս⡢⡢֮ȼգںһ𣬻Ľҵʱ뵽ģǽ΢ǿĽ֮磬˽һǿҵ־Ҳ㣬̤˽һ
ַͻ֮ʱ龰ǵεΡ
ͻ˽һ꣬ĵһأ͸ǿĸӦ֪磬ǿʶ꣬ҸӦ˽̤˽һľ磬ԼĸƺǷȱ֮ľ磬ûиڴﵽľ硣
ַͷƺյʲôǿͻƾ磬ǣǽ꣬ûдﵽ־磬ԣһ״̬޷Ԫˡ
ӵս⡢֮⡢⣬Ϊջ˽սǺ
Ҷ޸أҶΪһ壬ôȥն
ַɨ㣬˼УվͥԺ̵֣һ
ʱׯ԰ͥԺ棬Ӱ̤ǰ֮һӣŵһŮ¡
ͥԺվŵַ㣬ӺµĽŲͣ¡
ףϴ·ķƫƫҪɽׯɨͥԺס
¿ַ㣬͵
ʱĿַ㣬¶˼ɫ
ףҪҪߣ
¼Ĭ˵һ
Ҫ˵
Ŀⶢַ㣬ֻʱַ㾲վһΧĳȴ·һУ
ϸ΢ϸ۲죬
Ŀɨַһۣ֪ڿʲô¶һ˿ĵɫ漴ûٿַ㣬һÿ
ףȥ
¿˵ûᣬҡҡͷأԳͥԺķ䷽ȥ
߿мĿһ֮âַֻĳУԽԽңַ㣬Ȼվǣȴһĸоʱַ㣬·Ϊһ壬ַ㣬أҪӡ


0218 ˺һ
֡૵˿̵ַһָоѷ
ֻǿַıӰҪӵĸоͷ𺳣ַ㣬¿еķ
ޱɽׯˣɨͥԺΪںԼľ磡
еһڴ½ӵܳĥԼøֶΣ˵սĥ˸Ը΢ūͣĥ־ԼıõȻͣȻַ㵱ˡ
Ļվﶼر仯꣬ԸˣСɽׯɨͥԺ
̧Ų곯ַķ򻺻ȥŲȴǳ΢ûз¾ŵַ㡣
ʱַ㣬ľˮԺڲϵ˼ţûע⵽ԼܵһС
ͻ֮ʱӵս⡢к֮⡢н⣬ΪΣҪѡ̤˽һе⾳ȼջΪ⣬Ϊʲôܹ⾳Ϊ֮⣬Ϊս⣿
ַвϵԼ
нƣеƣ΢ͬ΢£˽һ£˵һôأ
ղŵҶڷƮҶҶ֮ƣ磬Ҳзƣ΢һ֮Ӧöڽ뵶Ӧ
ַ˿˿򣬶ʱһֻȻʵĸо
΢΢̧𣬳һһӰ㣬ӰΣһƬҶնΣڿƮɡ
۾Ȼţʱַ㣬ȴӵһƿصĸоƿһУǰʹ֮ʱĸоͬ
ǰʹ꣬ǽΧɫ磬˿̣ΧؿռΪһ壬ĸΧһС
֮ƣ䣬䡢⡢򾳡Ҫ֮ţ̤һ־磬˾磬Ϊ˺һ
˺һ
ַŵ΢Цûſĵ⣬Ҳûķ񣬴˿̵ַ㣬ͨȴֲͨ
⣬һ־磬ϵľ硣
عַ㿴վڲԶ꣬Ǻһ˿ǳЦһǳЦоЩԲλࡣ

ַ㺰һĿдž⡣
ַ˵ͷǻ
ǰСŮеĪַ֡΢΢Ƿ꣬ôܻǷŮ£Ȼ츳ǳȴƺ׼
ַɣûйǵ˼ɽׯԸġ
ַ㵭˵һ˵˴ܹ̤˺һľ磬ҪлԼޱɽׯﵱ˼ˣ徻ĴɨͥԺĺܰ˽յͻơ
û齫Լ·߼ҲԼʲôҲ˵
ͻƵ˺һľ磬ǿģҪݣֻ˵Եɺϡ
ַĻ骸϶еĲ²⣬ַ㣬һĳӵˡ
ɽׯ𣿿ɷһáַͻȻ˵
ȻӦ
˵ţ骵ȿ粽ַ㳯ȥƬַ̺һصأԪǳŨİ֮أޱɽׯõطһ׾Ԫ󷨣Ҫֱӽȥɣ⣬滹вԪʯֱ
Ե÷ǳĴȣܽʶһλ츳ĴӵܣԲһ¡
ַ΢΢ͷŲԪİȥû뵽ޱɽׯܹ󷨡
棬ַȻвٵԪʯַϥ£һʱڣ嫵Ԫĳַӿȥ
ַ㣬缢ƿʣ߲ܣԪ
˴ַ㲢ûȥ̫ʱ䣬ǼʱʹӰ˳ǣƺڵȴַ㡣

ַ˲ӵվ¶һ˿Ц⣬˿̵ַûʲô쳣·ͽȥ֮ʱһأ׽͸
߰ɡַ㵭˵һ˽ŲصͥԺС
ĴѰ骵½ô˿ɻص⣬骾ַһ𣬲ɵЩ죬ףҺء
׼ɡЦǰ漴Ŀַϣַ㣬ʰһ£׼һߡ

骺һ΢漴㿴骵ҪڣȴַȵС㣬׼ȥģ
ģޱɽׯֻϸ֧պϸүҪ飬һȻҪǰףأصؽٻأ׼Яͬһǰϸ
Ȼش˵ַͷʾףڼү飬֧֮ȻҪǰףصġ
˵ǸеˣǹϸŮӣһһѩŮӣӲȱģĻǼٵģ
ĽëͣţĿ骡
˵ü漴˵һЩԴŮòǣԳѩ¹δ֤ʵ⻰Ժ˵
Ŷգգ۾
ַ㣬ȴ
ѩ¹
ַ֪ѩ¹ֻһˣҶ
ѵַüͷţգ뿪Ҷȥ㲻֪Ҷȥ򣬶˵ϸүĶԳѩ¹òǣǱǿȣôпǶҶ
ׯҺһȥɡ
ַ˵һĿһַȻ顣
㲻˵òǣͿżȥɡЦЦĿַ㣬ϸүһˣݲεȾ޴ɲҪʲôǷ֮룬һԿ
סڡֺǳһ漴ַȥĻҾͲȥˣͷ·;չһλСŮ


0219 Ͻɽ
骵˼ܼ򵥣ϣַλŮദĻᡣ
飬ַС꣬£ַ£Ů㲻òǣҲľ߼ɫ츳ַܿһλȻ
Ȼַ㼴㿴ϣҲܻŮİȫֶΪ
ʱȴһ骣ǵĸףƺַ
㺰ʲô۾ͣƽ׺ٺǳȴǳΣƺΪַ㡣
£Ҳ̫ˣΪԶܱȣǣǫѷȣȴ֪ôʹֱ񻰡骶ԼλŮǳţż⣺˴ǰ˶ָ㣬׽׽
ΪԶܱȣ۾ַ㣬Ĵһûиɣ
ףĪҪˣ˹ƻ󡣡Ҳţ侳Ϊţַ£㲻ǷҲܱǿ
ס죬ĪҵĻˡЩΣһκȵȥʰö׼·
Ŷͷ漴ȥ
뿪ҡҡͷַЦŮӣĪҪ֡
ַЦ£ҡҡͷŷаѹַľǰˣ֮ҲԶǳܱȡ
Ůֻʰ˼װ·
ޱɽׯׯ⣬顢ºַƥǧѩϣ骴ǰ㣬˴ǰϸַֻ˱ɡ
Ϊһ֧ˣӦǰһˣϸ˼λŮԼַ㣬Ӧܹ
λŮˣ鷳չˡ
һַ΢΢ͷұ֤Ὣǰȫʹϸ
ַ㲢δ˵֮£骵ȻҲˣû˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷַ㿴λŮȻͻأûпϣǱˡ
Һ½һ𣬻ʲô²ɣˡͷ˵һ漴һβʱǧѩ۶
ºַҲ漴ǰУ顣
ַ㣬Ҹ˵ʲô㡣
۳ڴ֮ϣºַ㲢ַ˵
ʲôҲû˵
ַĿ⵭ĮδһۣԲãһ
㣬ҿ಻Ҫˡ
ǰЦ˵üͷһ壬ַһۣĮĵҲ޷
˵ţеĳ˦ǧѩ磬˲ϢַԱ۶Ѹޱȡ
ַɵȻ˿̵˼ҪŮӣǲǶҶ
ޱɽׯڼϸԼ·̣֮գ
¡¡
һ绮ʣҹղо޴ڴ֮ϣǰϽɽ·ŢС
ϽɽһɽϸϽɽϡ
ʱϽɽɽ£һƾɵĲݵУƥǧѩֱӳ˵ܣ漴Ӱ˲ǧѩϿ£뻹ĲݵС
Ͻɽ£Ȼôһ꣬ҹܹϸ˯ˡ
ʪģһϵ壬Ѿð͹µչ¶ܹĿ˵ߡ
ڴʱͻȻоڿԼüͷһ壬ֻڲݵУӰڵϣĿʱɨţ¶аϢܳ㡣
΢΢һ䣬ͻȻĬаĿ⣬ﻹЩġ
ʱºַҲ˽˱òȥʪģңַϣһɫߡ
Ҳܵ˵Ŀ⣬Įɨм⣬⼸ˣʲôˡ
ĿҲż־裬Ͼ˿Զޱɽׯκ»СΪ飬ڲеһط¡
ַǼ˲еһЩľģ漴ѻǰ漴˻Բϵû𱣳֣㽫Ϻɡ
ɨַһַֻۣͷֻǲϵƺûע⵽ˡ
ûϢ治׸ʲôȻôһǡ
¼ַֻ֪С£ûимַ㣬˵һ¶ŨŨıӡ
һ˿һ˲˳ʱ۶Էʲô˳ۣףƲַ㣬ΪΪַʵ£ַ֪ʵ׻Ҫǿʱֻ֪θܡ
²֪Ļ˲ַֺΪַûںȻҲںĻ
ȻֲʶôΪø
ϴ㿴ô
ʱһаЦֻŵһĿºɨţĿ㡣
ϲһģ湻ġ湻̣мֳζһʹ죬ֻǲ֪ʱǲǻ䡣
ϴɢ̹⣬Ŀⶢµ֮ˮʪزµַԵøĸʣȷˡ
ԷĻµɫ˲ĿⶢŶļˣ͸
ϴ㿴ˣ棬һϲһģɰҲû˵
û˵ҲˣĿǶ飬а˸
һһܻΣºĿڿԼ
ַ㣬ֱˡ
峯߿˿ȻΪ˻ãֳ棬Щηġ
òҪ˵һ䣿
ϺӿվĿĮĶŶˡ
治滹ܿʲô״ġ
ϴ۾ֱֱĶվϰڴһŮˡ


0220 
֣ɫмƷ
Ҫ֮ʱһĮ漴ֻһɫӲ˽
Ȼ꽻ӣŻ󣬾ûմˮˬݰ𪿡ʣҡȣ档
֡
ºŮɫһ䣬쵰ѹ˵а޼ɵֵܣϽɽǳĺɫŮֶβ̣ϲŰ
Ƕ˶ԷУǺֱ
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ĻĿתꡣ
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Сġ¿צȥɫ䣬鲻̤侳ǶԷĶ֡
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⽣⣬ޱȣŻĽâֵ֣漴һҽдֱȥ˲ûϢϾ˿ڣˡ
Ŀôģޱȵɾǣա
һѤ
̣ͬĿŵʬ壬͵ϮϮ϶˿Ҳͬڵϣལס
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¿ĿżʣݷǷʵҲͬ˲ƽġ
꽣ֺ꣬ƽܣ
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λҲҪǰϽɽ𣿡
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šµ˵ͷ罿Ůᡣ
Եڴλˣֺƽ֮ңʱɫҲѾͣЪұ㲻λϢ
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ǰ֮ʱ΢΢һ٣ֵλǣڴޣĪҪĳЩųСռ˱ˣӰźá
˵ɣֺƽǽŲ漴е˱Ȼֺƽȥ
ڸղеųСˣȻַָ㡣
ʧӰº鶼мȻʧĸо
½㣬ǻûел
ͻȻͺһȴ΢΢ҡͷ㿴ֺƽǼƽһл𣿡
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¼ַ㾹ڮֺƽܣɵĿַ㣬ֺƽܣѾһƺøС
ǣַ㣬ƺҲӦллֺƽܲŶԡ
Ҳ˵ޣһֱġ
ֲǷʲôΪҪлңҲͬǷʲôؽղ֮¼ǹж
ַƽֺƽܸղŵıֶԣŮַȴоֺƽΪḡĿˣˣֺƽܣΪĿһУΪǡ
治֪ô˵źã֣ͬΪβ˵Ĵ󣬽գڲȥɡ
ںֺƽܵĻҪַϳݡ
ȥûʲôֻһܶʱģһʵģڣҾ֤ղ˵Ļ
ַ˵վĿ⿴ڵϵϴ󣬵ĵ㻹Ҫװʱ


0221 ϸ
ºַĻһ㶣װ
ַ㣬ڶ˵
һ̣Ƕ˵Ŀ㶼΢΢һֻԣ֮ϣѾȥϴ嶯˶漴ӵعͷĿⶢַˡ
ϴ󣬸ûֻһ˶ѣղţֶΣϢͬʱסװ
С˵ûֺƽȻʵΪԴĿһУδΪԼɱң̫Լˡ
ϴ󵭵˵һַĻһ
Ȼװ
ϴĿַϣЦΣ˿ûֺƽСӣˣŪСûȤ椺ֵܣһǺùġ
ºɫһ䣬ϴʵ侳أҲܶԸġ
ȥɡϴֱӶ֣ɷֱӳַַֻֻ̧лһâ˲Ϣ磬Ϊݡ
â֮ϴ彩ͷһѪ۳ַ֣㣬Ǻڡ
ַ㷢װֻ
ֺƽһԴ󡣡ַ㵭˵һվǣĵֺƽ֣ܲˣͬ޷ǷֺԣǣǷֺƽʲôס۾ģһʵģͺñһղģȴֻ˹
˵գַĽŲ߳˲֮⣬Ӱ˲Ϣʧȡ
º鿴ַʧıӰһ£ղַĨɱϴ֤ܱǶˣֺƽ֣ܲҲ¡
ַһ仰м֮ǿǼٵģǿֺƽܣҲֺƽʵһ棬ͱַԼºһֱΪųǷһɱ侳صϴ
½㣬ַ㣬ĬƬ̣˵˾䣬Ŀɿǵڵϵϴʬ塣
Դ˵ôղΪҪȵֺƽܳ֡Լȴ֣УֺƽʱΪβ˵һ仰Ȼǲֺƽܣηˣƫʡ
ЩˬַĻֺƽܵĿ⣬ı΢Щַ㣬һֺƽܡ
һɱϴ󣬶ңǵâǽ⡣
۾ϵתţŬַлǵâ
ϴд⣬ϴֺƽʱװַʱȴںǿһ۾ܿǵâѵֺܱƽܵѤǿ𣿡
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⣬һ紵ͻأģַĻɺϨ˲ð˿˿⡣
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½㣬ʵַҲͦõġ
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飬ǳҹɽȥɡ
ͻȻڵһֻ¼ֺƽܲҲɽȥǴ˿ȥ˵
ַأ
Ρ˵һ
ðɡӦһ䣬漴˿ݣֱ̤ǧѩϽɽ϶ȥ
뿪ãַӰȻ֣׷ȥ
Ͻɽϣһй˵أڷԲﶼǳϸ
ϸӵ侳ǿߣĦԽѩ¹ʵ൱侳ǿߣڻʳǶǿˣƫԶ֮أȻǶһĴڡ
ϸɽ֮⣬ңϷһ޴ңɫľңϸ֡
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ǰһѳһݸǰӰ
˴򿪽һۣȻ֧ޱɽׯˣŵͷС
̤ޱߵϸһйڴˣǾ֪δȥźá
ºȻϸ֧֮ˣҲǵһϸ֧ڼҵĵλ̫ߣʵǿ֧ᱻٻڼңϲ
ΪȻż߹º飬ȴӴ˶ûУҹǶûһطϢֻǣǧѩһйĴתĿġ
٣롣
ʱһйĳ֮ϣӰš
º̧ͷǱ߿ȥǱֹӵ꣬Ȼֺƽܡ
ֹӡ
¶Ӱһ͸ż־ϲ֮⡣
ֺƽĿ⿴ߣ漴Ҳº飬ʲ˲¶һ˿ºЦ⣬ֺƽܺλԵȻˡ
ֹӽ¾ͺˡ
΢Щ˵Ůζԡ
٣ѣ
ֺƽܵŮֺƽʶɵһ
ţǰɡֺƽܵͷ
ԭˣС㣬ҪȥŮֺƽܵѣɵʺֺƽܿϸүѣұ츳ܸߣӵܣϸѣȻҪӴġ
ȥġ΢ЩΣȴЩ߷ߵĵϸ֧ޱɽׯ֮ˣǰףصģڻûаס
ޱɽׯŮһ漴¶׵ЦݣȻλүѣ͸λס
ǰףأϸȻǻᰲסģֻôֽ֧ˣȻȴǰסء
⣬Ůֻ˵ѣû˵ޱɽׯǰʾޱɽׯ֧ݣԶٵҪҲڸֺƽӡ
ˣձ֮գҲæﲻкü䷿λ˲Ļռסһҹ
ֺȻЦ˵ַ㣬һαֱˡ


0222 ֮
ƺ󷽱ɡ
˵ҾܾƺҪӦ˼ֺƽһͣɬӣ¶һĨЦ⡣
СĳĻҿԽȫסóԼȹһޱɡֺƽȻĵ
УȻֹӵġ
æ˵ַĿⶼһֺƽȴЦô˵СǴӦˡ
´ţֹĪ֡µͷм֮⡣
̸ţĳҡֺƽЦ
½㣬ôܴӦס˵ĵطµֱۣ˵
飬ֹе꿡ܣǻŲһȥɡȰ

һ䵭üĿ΢漴Ŀַϡ
ʱַֺֻƽܣĵɽ֮ʱ˵Ƕͬ޲ݶ꣬Ȼ˿̣㾹Ƕȥס㣬ѵͲӰǶν꿡Ϊ֮£
ֺƽĿһͣĮĿַ㣬漴ЦĪΪ㣬ܹᲢۣ
ЦַȻ˵ѵӰ֮£Ҳݵλزɣ
ߣֺƽһµСҲôΪǸղŵĻˡû˵ĳ͸ǡ
˵ֺ꣬ƽתҪȥ
ֹӣȵȡºһŲֺƽܶȥ˵ȻǰΪġ
»عͷĮɨַһۣ漴飬һȥ𣿡
ˡҡҡͷ
ǺãСĳˡ˵һֺƽȥ
ַ㿴µıӰаҡͷȰҲȰˣȻӲҪ֣Ҳ޿κΣ֮Ҳ˴Ӧ骵£˰ȫ͵ϸ
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뿪ַ㿴飬ʵ
Ҳ˵ǶԵģ۾ģҲʵֺƽܣȻݷǷʵǿ󣬵ҸоЩα
С죬Զ
ͲĻСĳˡַЦֺƽܣȷα
عͷַ㣬ЦĳҪ治Ǻ˵Ļɽ²олᣬαطҪȵϸ
ַ΢ЩĿǵЦݣ΢΢һĨȣ۾ģһʵǶ˶Ըˣ鿴Щǻõ֮£ȴһϸģȳȵ¿ø͸
ȻǺܼ򵥵ĵ£ȴ͸ȥ
Ҳ⣬Ȼʵ㲻Ҫ޸һǿĽޣҿɲῴ㡣
ЦЦ漴粽뿪׼ҸطϢ
ޣ
ַһЦҡҡͷ̧Ųȥ

ϸһйׯ԰Уһ䷿֮⣬˵

еºһ漴űƿֺƽܵӰ˷֮⡣
С㣬ҿԽ𣿡ֺƽһ
ȻԣֹӽǡӦһ
谵ĹУֺƽܿ£ֻϵɻûи͸ӳˣһ档
£
ֺƽ˵ᡣ
µԴ΢΢ţĬĬϸ΢д
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µͷĬ΢΢Щ
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£
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Ҳû뵽ô죬ֺƽ㣬ò츳֮ѡޱɽׯŮ¶ԣǷǳջģοͶֺƽĺøУֺƽܱףǲִܵģǲʶá
ԸעŮ𣿡
ֺƽٽһ弸£˵
˵ţͨһƬҸ˵ͻȻ
ţ
΢ĵͷ漴оһ˫Ĵֽס漴ֺƽס˫
ֻһ׵Уֺܵƽܵ飬Ƭ̺˫ҲסֺƽܣӦš
ֺƽܵţţʱǷ֮أදµԼ
˵嵹ڴϣһʼڿУûйãһżʹࡢѡٵ֮˵壬׵ںһ𣬷ݵУһƬꡣ

峿ճһ⣬ϸ㿪ʼæµգϸү֮ա
һ±֮ϣӰǣ˫֮ϣĿԶĺգԵøڡ

ڷƺлĺգԲ̲ס̾һ
Ǻ
ַҲ˵ǰɽۿճȴһֱûҵʵʱͻᣬһָܹо
ңӵ˺һĸܸ̣·ǹů⣬ǹɳ˵Լ
û뵽һοճȻߣϧ㲻ҪҵǸˡ
ƤһЦ漴ȥˣ˵òǣұԿˣǲĺʹе
ַҲվĿһâҲҪȴǿжôòǿǲѩ¹Ҷ
ǶҶλ飬Ƿ紫еܵȣˣַ㣬ֵΡ


0223 ϸ
ϸһ޴й֮䣬ϽװΣϸһϹΧơ
ϸɽۣһ޴Ķйй·һ죬һй⣬ⳤȷǳضҪ߼ס
ʱĳȵǰˣйڴһһ޴Ͻ䲻ϸܣϸڼֱϵ飬ҪмʽййϸأΨֱϵѪ֮գ֮󣬲ſ̤С
˳Զĵ·˶ϸй֮ԣվڳ֮£Ǿ޴ĵԼ嫵й
ɽ۵йƽʱǷյģҪϸĽأûлᡣ
ʱһӰԶ̤ϳȣ˳ųȣ֮ǰߵ漴һſڳȵıԵҲһһ
֮µӰԽԽ࣬Щ˴ϸ֧Լϸ֮˵һЩѣ֮佲¡أϸ֮˴˲ͬҪѪ棬أ˴ƻ˲ˡ
ʱַ飬Ҳй¶ˣַɴɫߣ鲻⣬ַ㵽Ϊˡ
½ˡ
ĿԶֺֻƽһǰֻƬ̱˽ߡ
飬ôһ𣿡
üĮ˵һ
ַĿ⿴£˺һ֮ĸо̫ˣܹĸܵºǰͬˡ
£ʧȥ˴֮
Ůˡ
ַ΢΢ҡͷŽʶһ첻¾ͽԼֺƽܣַҲ֪˵ʲôȻԸַҲΣѾˣҲȰ¡
ҲΪֺƽܻӰɡ
㣡ལǺַҲһģȻһˡ
飬ɲҪС֮ɱƭûжΰɡ
´ʱ̬Ⱦ΢Щǿƣż߰ϸ΢һĻַ㷢֣ɵø
ǰǰٴƣϾŮ˿̣ȴһ˵ҲΪԼֺƽܣλҲ˰ɡ
㣬˵ʲôء
ĵ
ȴַһ˵顢£ҴӦǸףϸҵѾӴˣǲκιϸ𣬼ǼңҲʶҼǣҲͬʶ
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Щĵȴһ˸ã㱻ƭ
ʱȺʼֻȵԶһӰȥΪ֮ˣһϷߣɫϣϸˣӰ
Ӱ󣬸ӰһˣŽɫ桢ʶĿǴ֮ˣ
ԣһޱŮӣɫĳȹͷϴɫĻڣ޶ˡ
ƯŮˣʵӣϸκŮӣϸǧϼ
ʹһɸ߹ʣϵװ磬ֻǸõĽгǺ۹⣬ӾͺˣһȹҪҷҶԸ⡣
ȺϱϹ⻷ƵľˣʱпϸүŮˣ̫ˡ
ǱΪ֪λŮ˺õܹ޸ȴûôΪˣŮӣˣй֮
Ůˣ½㣬ԭûаţıϸκŮӶҪƯ
˿ĿҲϹ⻷Ƶ֮ϣ૵ڶԷǰоԼˡ
ͷҲȴû˵Ŀת΢΢ԵֺƽһֻۣʱֺƽܵĿǳ֮ϵٻӰĿ˸Ĺâ̲ס֣̾Ǻø
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ֺƽԽԽµģ
ˣҾһ
ʱӰ˵һʱȺ֮ͣЪĿⶼм䳤֮ϵӰ
ϼ
ӰĿתһŮϣֻŮŲ̧Ӱߡ
ϼ֮ãϸǧ䲻δǰǣҲ鶯ģǸѵõļˡ
ϼװһ£Ȼˡ
·ֺƽܵ˵Ҫʤ²١
µɫ΢Щ԰ףĿⶢֺƽܣԷȴҲһۡ
㣡һԵƺҲ˲Ծ΢µӣ»ȻδֻǿֺƽܣնǰŵſΪδ˿̶˵䵭
գҶĴ֮ա
֮ϵӰٶȿڣ˵ͬʱΪŮϼҲѰһ£˫ϲţڴ˵ſȢŮϼΪޣ̤ϳȣսĻʤ֮ˣϸŮңѪϸ棬ͬһ̤ϸء
ϸ֮˴أڴ˳֮Ͻףأ漴һѪ棬̤ϸأ󣬱Ƿޡ
˵ϸĽУܹõĪĺô
֮ʱĿȫһϸأ
Ҫ֪ϸĹأֻеϵжܹЯ̤أŮҺŮصģӦһִУΣϸȻأڴ֮⡣
ڳſĿ¶˷֮ɫԾԾԣУֺƽڣ
ʱûע⵽Ⱥм䣬һɫߵĿⶢǵŮĿ˸ŷ֮âַ֮ϣ漴߻ȡŲǰļȥ
ǽҪ֮ˣ˶ݵľˣǱˣȻĶҶѩ¹
ͬʱҲûע⵽Ϲ⻷Ƶľˣ˿ԴʹţĿ͸һĨ֮ɫ
֮ǰϸһֱӦ顢̤أǱףӦϸŵڣûκǣһ̤ϸȥ֪ᷢʲô
浽һΣ


0224 ֮
Ӱ·ԾԾԣ¶һ΢Цﲹһ䣬ŮϼʮˣȢſܳʮꡣ
ˣûϣˡ
ӰĻһ䣬϶¶ʧɫȻϸѡˣҪſڶʮ϶С
ˣڣҪΪϸŮˣڱ̤ϳȣдս
Ӱ˵һ£ӰͬʱϳȣӰǰ漴࿴һۡ
غҿףֱսǡ
Ӱ˻֣΢΢ͷսһ飬侳ʵһˣ侳ΪսĽ˵Ҳ֪侳Ϊ֮ˣʤ
֮в갵Է߿侳أ侳һصûϣˡ
ʱȺУֺƽܼ˾Ĭƺڵսɵ¶Ц˵ƽܶϼѾãܳΪϸŮʤҡ
˵ɣֺƽܽŲǰһֱӴȺͷԽ֮ϡ
ۣ
ɫҰֽƺһо΢һѪ³
ղţоֺƽܵбٻһǳѹƣֺƽܻ֮ʱ޷סǿѹеѪֱӴ˳Ŀ⼫Ϊҵ
ֺƽܣҹһҹ֮󣬾͵棬̹ҪȢŮΪޣô£ʲô
½㣬ôˣ
Ե¾ĪĿѪɵɫһ
ȿȣ
һֻԴһƬհףȫǻ֮޷ͨɫûаѪ
£Լ£ԼеҷȰ㡣
ַĻڶ߻ص˿̱˵ЦȻȰСַ㣬ȴ֪Լ˹
˻̧ͷǳ֮ϵĿӰǲҵϸһĨҰ׵ЦЦø졣
£ЦŮˣΪԼ֮
ĨĨǵѪԳһо˵ķ̡
Զַֺƽ̤ϳȣĿ⳯߿һۣÿǵЦݣҡͷܹ˭
ϼҵ⣬Ӧװɣգұ㵱Ŵҵ棬жȡӭȢΪֺƽܵӡ
ֺƽܶϼ˵ҹµһϼһĨɬ֮⣬΢΢ͷ
ֺƽһЦ漴Ŀתǳ֮ϵ꣬䵭ĵԼȥɡ
꿴ֺƽܣĿ˸漴ҧΥ꽣֮һܸüʶһ
˵գһֱӳֺƽ
ֺƽһĨ֮Ц˼䣬֮ϣǵ⣬Ѥ
ʧ֮ʱɣȻս֮ˣȴȻڵϣһֺƽܣֱӽɱ
úݣ
Ⱥͷų֮ϵ꣬дѣ˺֡
ֺƽĿ⻷Ⱥһۣг˰ϼİ֮ˣգ˭ֹӭȢϼֺƽ֮УĪҽ顣
ȺĿȫһֺƽܣúݵֶΣһ˵˸ϡ
˵ֺƽܱʵҲ˼ɵˡ
ϼƽܶ㲻
ӰЦ£ȺһͣԣһְʾӰϣֺƽܳΪŮ
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ǡ΢΢ͷѪ棬޶ߵԡ
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ˣϼߵѪˡ
Ӱƽ˵һ׶ҶܻϣȻǱˣǸʽѣҪģ̤֮һС
ϼһۣ漴ߵǾ޴ĵǰŵݡߵס
Щ˶дʣ漴ǻԼָεѪ˸ֱӽָѪĵطŵǰСףѪУ֮ڡ
¡¡
ֻǵţһţ棬ɽ۵й
йΨһڣңһҪϸϵ֮˵ѪҺܼйȵ֮ſ
ǿʯţĿһ˿˷֮ɫ
ˣҶƽܣϼһذɡ
áֺƽһ˲ϢԣĿЩ˷ܣڶҶȴվǣһ
ҶûҵĻ𣿡
Ӱɫһء
Ҳȥġ
ڣһֱĬĶҶ˵һĿһ
ҶĻƺԸӡ
ӰҲĿһкâ˸
㿼ǹ𣿡
ӰĮĵ͸в
ҲһȥġҶظһ漴ͷϵɫȫȡ£ڵϣŵĴ˦
µĺɫٲ㣬ûϹ⻷ƣҶȻûɫ֣͵ʣȻ߹
ƺǵԼ
Ӱɫ䣬û뵽Ҷڴʱڡ
ȵԼҲԼҶЦˣѵЦˣвңҲ屻۵ģҲ޸Լİˡ
˵ţҶгһذףȺ𾪵Ŀע£ذףԼʺ
ͷһҶҪɱ־˼ˣѵҪַʽ
ס֡
ӰɫҲǴ䣬ȴֻ˶ҶϵЦݡ
ֻϣ֮ǰܸһַ㣬Ĳ֪ҶգǷŵӰ·гۿУˮ»䣡
ַ㣬Ĳ֪


0225 ý
ַ㣡
ַ㣬ԭˣַ㡣ܹ˼ǰַͣ㣬֪ǺҲ
Ⱥа⣬Ǵ˵ȼܶˣǺε¡
ںַ㣡
Ŀ£ĿŶҶԣҶеַ㣬һʶַ㡣
ʶַ㣬˼
ʱȺУַݺݵ¡
ַ㣬Ĳ֪
ǺεȵıˣöҶǰŸ͡
ˡ
ַͻȻоԼ΢Щʹ·ʲô¡
ɱЩɷͳ죻ЩҶȫ뿪ˣգ˶ҶҶһ£¶ҶĽ֣ϸȣҪ޸
񣬶Ҷ֮Ҫذ׷ԼĲϣַ֮һ
Ҫͣ
ȵȡ
ַ³ӵϰ𣬽Ų磬ֱӽ˳֮ϡ
ַӰ˲佫ȺĿ˹ȥϣһϮɫ򵥡ɾ㡢ݡ
ҶĿ⣬ͬɨַһۣģҵһ

ŵӰеĳǰⲻǻ롣
·¿ַϳȣҲ΢΢һַ㣬ѵҶеַ㣬ľַ㣿
Ϊڴʱɫߡ
½㣬ˣַ㣿
૵Щš
ʱѾǹɾӰ˳ֻкޣַӰĮĵôܣһ
ڳ֮ϣֺƽҲַ㣬Ŀ˸ˣƺЩϤȴоûַ㣬ܲʶ
ڶҶĬţַ㣬еذףҲ΢΢ɿ
ַ㣡
Ҷƺɲַǰ૵һ
ңԲܿˡ
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ַĻҶһ֮ᣬ˳ղϵĻ£Уȴ¶һ˿ЦݣΪЦɣһ̣ط·ʧȥɫʣҶĲ
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ַ㿴ŶҶе飬Ŀ⸴ӣҶμң̫Ӷ޵Ե޵ӶģĻޱȣҶȴ˵ĵ
ȻǸ߸ϵĹͬǸŮ
ȺһĻ΢Щпһ£ǻһԡ
µĿⶼַ㣬ַ㣡
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ʵ˵ĲпᣬԽܡ
ʵ˵λãȵһУоš
ַ㣬ʲôʸü˺񰮣ƾʲô
ϸ֮ˣɫüѿ
Ҷ飬ӦӣȻڣڴ֮գȻһˣϸԿ
ϸԺ󽫱ڰгЦɨء
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𣿡
˵ʱɫѿģӦǽǣͶҶ飬ӻδţ׵ɨء
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ССϸڣȴöҶͷһ˿ůϸվַָо죬ַǧ׷ϮӪʱҲйָо
Ҷ㲻Щ˵αΣҴûֺգȴˣȻˣҲٻϧ㣬壬Ҫˡ
ַͶҶ˵
ϸˣôҪ
ַоЩЦ߼ҶץӣҶѵҪлɣ
˼ץΪޣڴ֮ǰǷӦøж£ԸΪӣ⣬ϸ߼
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ַƽվǣһˡ¡Žη޾塣
΢öַİ£裬˿̵һ񡢷ŵ
Ŀһգգַ㡣
ˣ˿̵ַ㣬ȫһˣҲû˰Ǹоеųã˿̵ַ㣬һǣǣϸȺ
һ̵ַ㣬ż־ǿߵķȺţһʵ
òļһ֣ЧͰɡ
ֺƽܽŲ˵˿ǱֵĻᡣ
Ǳ鷳ˡ΢΢ͷ漴ֺֻƽܽŲһ磬˲Ϣַǰɫ˸Źâʡ
ΪʲôһоЩϤ
ֺƽüʵ
ַһЦĮڣְɡ
Ȼ㼱ҳȫ㣬סɱ˽ֺƽܣ꽣ͣ
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£ɫĽâַȫ֡
ַվǣ嶯δ̧һķ֮һţ⻪ֻǳ˲䣬ʧӰ
ֺƽܣȴһĲҽУѾڵأֺƽսֱֱۣն
Ⱥͷݺݵĳ鴤£۾úܴ󣬵ȴûпַġ
ʱַ㣬Ȼվǣ·ûй㶯ֺƽֱۣܵȴʵʵڵıն˵֮ϡ
꽣ͣ㣬ҲʸԳƽͣ㣬Ҳý
ַ㵭ĮĻ³Ⱥһ
¶ˣĲ˿̶޷ֹסǣ̫𾪡
ֺƽܣޣ
ַ㣬ų򣿷
ַǰֺƽܣýʸûУֺƽܣ䣡


0226 ַĽ
ַ㣬ֻһնֺƽֱܵۡ
Ǹ֮ܳΪֻһ⻪ֱ۶ϣ貶Ѥ콣꣬һЦ
꽣ͣΪ̵
ַĻ㣺㣬ҲʸԳƽͣ㣬Ҳýַǰ꽣ֺƽܣǸַЬʸûС
Ц£ַ㵱˷ֺƽܣ꿡ܡ֮嶼ȴַ㡣
ǡǺǡʱµȷЦˣЦЩ˿Ƕϱ۵ֺƽܣôİ࣬Ȼڳ֮ϣŶҶַ㣬˵
ַ㣬֮Сڣ㱻ε裬ŭΪػںҲмѡһˣ⣬ַ㣡
ַͬȻӰ·һʶַ㣬վڳ֮ϣŵּնֺƽֱ۵ĲӰ·ϣ̧ꣿɨ㣬ɨͥԺꣿӣΪȴꣿ
ºǵĸ骵⣬ַ㻤ϸҪַ㱣ǣͬʱҲкַദĻᣬЦеһˣַΪûۿַ㣬ֺƽƭߴ֮һˣҲͬûַ㡣
ý
ֺƽվǣֱ۲Ѫ䣬ɫ԰ףһΣ˵꽣Ͳý
ִţֱý̰Ľ٣ʵã̸͡ޡ
ַĮֺƽܣĽһζ׷ʧȥڽķ
Ҷֱۣ㵽˭ֺƽ̧ͷĿĶַ㣬ǹϤĸоԽԽǿҡ
ֹҪֱַۡһЦŲһ磬ʱַӰʧֱӳֺƽܵǰ
ֺƽݺݵĲ£ֱַһȴûκεĵֿܵһޱǿҵĽڴݻԼڵɫŤţĶַ㡣
ַ㣬ֱۣҪ
㣡
˫۾ֺƽͷһ˫ƽǲݵУĬĬڵ֮ˣų֮˵
ʱԼǰôСһĲзϣ˿̵ַ㣬ȴȡǿҵķͷһУѾע
ң
ַĮ˵һֺƽؿڵ΢΢һޱȸ͵ĽŰֺƽƺһ漴Ϣʧ۾ţܽܣӵкõļ츳˿ʵˣڴ֮ͥɱ
ˡ
ǵµʬ壬ȺҲš
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ʱ𺳵ģºá
ֺƽܣˣ
ַ㣬׵ɱֺƽܣ
㣬ǹߵģΪŮӣʶ֪ܻᷢʲôԲǣϹϵǡ
ͻȻַߵ⣬Ϊ֪Ǻһģ۷ʲôǡ
ǣǷֺƽʲô
ַĻڶڲУַʵ˵
Ȼܣַ㣬ֻĬĬΪǿţ͵ǣȴ׷󸡻ҫϲֺƽܣϲ콣ꡢԴ
ǣܺڡ
£嶼ֺƽܣֻǻԣڶվͱΣֺƽܣѱַɱַ㣬ҲܻῴŮˣͻȻޱԱ
ַǷʵַУʲôǣֻǸ΢Ůˣ˶ѣַ㣬ûۿΪм
㣬һҪ
ϸ֮˿ŵϵʬ壬ɫѿ£Ļ³
ַ㣬δӹߣңδɷҲֱɱˡ
ܴ裬ϸʱܹ˴衣
ַûпм
ĿתַڶҶϣʱҶɹ֮ۼȴЦݣվַ
ǿˣҪ
ַƽ˵͸һĨᶨ
ҡ
šҶĵͷ
ַ뱳ǹӵĽʵУγĽ
ˮûиѤеǷ⡣

Ⱥַ֣ͷַ˵꽣ֺƽܣýһӣնɱֺƽܣôַĽж
˫ȭգַ㣬ˡ
ϲ͡ޣӢ̽ơ硣
ޱ٣ĸ٣꽣ͣѾĽˣֺƽܵĽѤַܹɱֺƽܣĽжڴ
¡
һ˿̵ַ㣬ƽվǣȴһĸоƮ죬·ַһرɫָоͺַһ
ҲָͬоȻ˵ҪַԼǲֵģΪң
ַƽվǣҪӵĸоָо
ɱ
ϸӰ˵ʱǳ˵Ⱥɫһ࣬һɱ⣬ռ䣬ѹޱȡ
һӰ˸ַϮַƽվǣŲʡɽ
ֱԷǰԶ֮ʱַ壬ڶˡ
ĽŲǰ£һСһ
һڽɱ֮ӣһεĽ磬Ⱥϣһַ̣ȥȺֻоһϢԵģ·һˡһ֮ƣ֮콣
ڸַܵĽֺƽܵĽﲻֺͬƽܵĽ貣ַĽɱ֮ûн֮Ϊڽ
һ̣飬ͬϢ
䣬Ϣ
ˣַȥӰȫͣˣأһ̶·ֹˡ


0227 һŭΪ
˺һһ־磬һ޷ﵽľ磬侳ǿޣҪﵽ˺һҪԡҪ
졢˺ϣˡɽ֮һһ·شơ
ַһնռһĻ߹⻪ЩַȺȫ⻪УһƷĽ֮Ⱥӡ
ۣһ촫ռļžƣ漴һ첻ڶȺ𺳵Ŀ£ЩַȥȺһ£ȫûϢ
һȫһ⣡
Ⱥͷʮϸǿߣַһȫնɱ⣬ǽޣַǰֺƽܣȷý
꽣ǸĽɫ꣬һǰˣַĽĽɱ˵Ľ
ӰĿⶼǳֽİ꣬Ǿоͷ΢䡣
ǿҿ϶ַһսɣûκεֺƽһַһ
ĿתϼǵĸӰΨӰɱַˡ
Ƕˣ֮µȺĿҲӰϣϸˣݵַ˷
似
Ӱַ㣬Į˵侳Ϊϣǿ侳
ܹĸоַղһΪ̫ǿһǽǿҲ˵ַ˺Ľ֮似
似
ַ¶һ˿Цݣûʹκε似ֻǺĻӳһĶ˺ϡϡ
һǾ֮
㲻
ַ㵭Į˵һӰ粻޷֪ν˺һ磬Ψдﵽˣᡣ
ͱַ㣬˿̼ʹʹ꣬Ҳ֪Բ֮صκη紵ݶޱӰȴֻģĸӦ֪ӰҲⲻˣûиܹȻ޷⡣
㲻
ִַ³˵ȻȴӰо
һСȴȺֿǶ˵㲻֣ϸƶ֮ˣ֪
ҲӰЦһһСĿˣգ㴳ϸ£ɱϸ֮ˣϸˣҲɱ㡣
һϵΪÿճܹʹ࣬
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ַ㿴ӰĿ£漴ַϣ¶˿˿Ц⣬̵Ц
ЦʲôӰɫһ
ңĮĻַ³Ӱɫһ漴Ц㣿Ӱϸ۷ΪһС
ңַȻƽĵҴϸƻӴ飬ɱŮδɷϸȺҺϸν죬ûʲô˵ģңѶ֣㣬ȷܲʤңţԻ֪̽ҵΪϸͬʱ㻹ʱ䡣
ӰַĻĿһûɵַ㣬ղһ͸
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Ųַ̽ǰУӰƻ˸ʱȺȴַһ˲ѾӰǰִղַ㣬ûһξ룿
䣡
ɫӰӰˣһϹ⻷ƣ긡֣ɫ꣬ءء
ַ㣬ӰȻڵһʱͷַ֤꣬ĻӰַ㣬ΪɵԲ˿⣬һսͷš
ն
һ£ַ֮
ȭ
ӰŭһһӰ
޾˲佫ӰסɫϢ״ӰйӰֱۡ
գ޾ɫȭӰȻֻһ˲䣬Ӱȭϣ֪жȭӰ˳ȥ
͡͡
иɫȭӰʵʵ죬ַеĽϱȭӰţַоһ͵ͣĳֱۡ
ȭƷ似ұǺϸϵ֮˵ศɣܹӳؼ似ʵǳǿ
Ӱ侳Ϊ֮ʩչư磬һȭɽϣԽɽһ󶴡
ַеĽϱ仺ƺ޷ټѹ£ֱҲԽԽأַƽɿױȵļִš
޼᲻ݡ
ߡһеִţǿһնֻ֮֮Ҫһ˿ϣ㲻
ն
ŭһַϣ͸һɷ֮⣬նһеķ
ַеĽ£һȭڽ
ˣ
Ӱɫ䣬ַĽնۿҪһΪûκεԥˡ
Ȼһ̣ӰɫޱȵĲ԰Ϊ˺ַеĽ΢΢һŻδüն˹ȥ
޷סַĽܽһ
ңӰŭһ״

ַĮ³һңַ㣬кβң
ǡɱ֪ץ˶Ҷģ㲻ˣǶҶ
ˣַᱧ
޿赲һԼɫŤ¶˾֮ɫҪ֮գ̤֮ʱնɱ
ͣ
һ죬Ҳûκε뷨ţ͸ſ־塢ûн졣
建ĵ£Ⱥ³ֻң١
ϸүˣ
ַ㣬ûκε˵ɱɱӽնɱһУϸ֮ˣҪȫɱ
һŭΪգ


0228 ϼɱ
ǿꡣ
˿Ѿ޷ĵĲˣַ㣬Ŷ
ź£ܱҪСһɱ˽꽣ֺƽܡһնɱϸȺһ侳۷ǿӰĨɱ
ΨֱȽʺַ㣬ϸǺεأԲư֮أӰϸļ
ַ㣬̤꣬͸̽ϸɱ¾ĿһУ˭ɱ˭
º飬Ǵ˿̵ֻݣλã
Ϊķϻֺƽ˲֪٣Ӱսһˡ
ҶַıӰϵЦԽԽãַ֪жôִźͼǿΪַ׷ɱλǿߡ
ˣûһַģĶ侳صʵַ㣬ƾԺ޾ηľģɱΨһ˻뿪
ַΪϧҲΪַνأԸҡ

һҵĺȺѣֻӰĿǵŵʬ壬ΨһĶӣʮ꾫Ķӣգϲ£̤أΪϸжӣȴ˵ϣһ
Ҫ
ӰĻޱȣĶַ㣬·һõӰ
ַеĽڵѪӰͬɱ
ҲͬҪ
Ųһ磬ַӰӰ̤ȥ
¡¡
ɫ֮ȭŭŴӰϳӰҲڶ޾Ϲⷭȭıڶַ㡣
ȭһŭӰӰӰһȵƳַȥ·ҪַûǷŭӰС
ɱ
ַһնɫ˱ֱˣȻƼӿǰǱٶȻۣɳΡ
ɱɱɱ
Ӱŭ֮ٶֻɫõ˫־Ȼ޾ȭٶ˳ɫǾ޴ͫףҲĸ飬ޡ䡢ɱ⣬ӦӰеı顣
ʲôֶΣ
ȺһĻͷһȻɫˣɫ˻ܼ·ǱӰˡ
ϼɱ
һЩϸ֧ǿĿϸľѧϼɱΨϸϵѪӵ߲ܹʩչľѧ
ϼ֮Σ˿ɫˣʵӰڿƣɱӰ
ɱɱɫ˲𣬹Ҳ޷ܷȹ˷ʤǳ
ص似
ʱַҲһղһûɫ˳׵ʧѾʱ䣬˿ǷƣѾЯߡ
̺Ļǿ˸
ַÿճ˿̵վǣȴ·𲻴ڰ㣬˺һ֮ںһ

ɫӰ쾹Ȼſ³һĻֱӽַûɵ
ȺͷһĿĶƣַ㣬ûˣ
ԣַǣ
žĿռ˷ֻҶԱߣһɫӰվǣַ㻹кˡ
ղţ˵ĿⶼƺַַڳϣǶû
ÿ죬ôȥģ
Ⱥаʣ̫ˣַղžƾʧǶûз֡
ǵ˺һ֮һұȻˣص꣬Ȼκʱ򶼲ܴ⡣
ַ㿴ŭɫˣž޴ȻӰֲӰȴվں棬岻ӰѲơ
𣡡
ɫŭ𣬳ַַ㾲վǣɫ˵Ϣ漴¶˿˿ĮЦݡ
ŶҶַ֣ˡ
ɫ˳ǰ˳ˣɶԷŭ
𣡡
ɫ˷һŶѵģһƺߣ漴Ⱥ㿴ɫ˽ķֽ⣬ƻɢӰ١
ûˣ
ȺĿһӰӰص󣬲ȴ΢С
ʵӲȫ
ַЦһ˺һ֮йٺɫ˳ʱܹĸܵǹɻ֮ڲϵӰƵĿžӶϵĽˣַѡˡ
Ȼûж֣ƱԶɢղŵӰþȫһɱϧûгɹ
ڣǷֵˡ
ַŲһ磬ɱţһϢַ֮ĽĹ⻪
Ӱɫ࣬ղһȫһûɱַ㣬ҲлᣬԪľ޴ַɱңɫ¡
ֲ㣬Զлˡ
ʱһϷŭȺĶĤС
ӰһĿһǿҵĹ⻪ϸǿߣˡ
Ⱥַ̧ͷйȥֻйۣ֮һϵӰǣԶԶģصϸȺʬ壬еɱ⣬ޱŨ
侳ǿߣ
ȺͷͲһֱдԣϸǿ֮ˣϸμӰһϼһ侳ǿڣԹȻġ
侳ϼһˣңǱַƵóֵġ
ϸҪַ̤ƽϸӰס
һܽǿϸƵ̶ֳȣȺζ󲻵ģȻʵʱξλá
ֳİ¿꣬ΪȺգϸŭɱķ
Ψ϶Ҷò϶Ҷʣ䣬ַ㣬˲֪٣һͱɱˣͲܱȡ
ֻ侳ǿտ粽ֱӽڳ֮ϣվӰߣص壬޷Զ
ááã
侳ǿ˵̧֣ͷַ֮ʱɱ


0229 ֮
棡
Ӱ֮΢΢ܹĿ˸⣬侳ǿߣַ֣㣬ɡ
֮俴ӰȴƣԴˣȺδе֣һ;ΪԽߣԽҲȻԽᣬһЩǿܹ֮ϻͯഺפƺԶʱ
½дԣ֮ɲ𣬵õ׷
Ǵ½⡣
㻹棡
ϸһ֮ŵ壬ϸľ񣬻кˣڣȫˡ
Ψʣ˸Ů֮ϼϸҪˡ

ӰҷΪϸļϸ˴ѣԴĶӣɱˡ
Ի㣬ڡ
ϸ˵һַ㡣
ᣬӵ侳Ϊйǰ;죬עҪ
ϸ˵գ͸һɹʵʵɱ⣬ΧȺо⡣
侳أԭַӵ侳صʵǿңƾ侳صʵȻ侳۷ΪӰܹһˣ
Ⱥһַ㵽侳Ϊģǰδ
ҲҪԲ֪
ַ㵭Į˵һƽûа㲨ȷ侳صΪյ˺һ֮ΪֱӿԽˣ侳أӲİθߵ侳ء
ûе˺һ֮ǰַƾֶΣܹԽս˺һ侳أҪԸͨ侳֮˲ѣӰֶΣַѾնɱˡ
ſ񡣡
Ⱥ֮϶ŵӰ¿ַ㣬侳ǿߣҲҪս
֪һף侳ǿߣ侳ܹ֮ġ
ϸһӣʱ֮Ϸɳһε쫷γɣХ֮
侳֮ˣӵԪԪ˴Ԫ۶ɣԪ׽侳ɷ飬ǾĲֲ࣬
ϸĳϣɫԪ£·һɫĹ㣬貶Ŀ
ңԪĹ⻪ǻʵʵʵڵԪ۶ɵģŻ
ַŲһ磬бУ˿˿ĺ⣬Ȼ塣
ҽöһнԪһ
ַ㵭˵ȺĿһ̣򽣷ţԾǿ
ԽϸǸһ˿Цݣû侳֮ˣ侳ǿԽģָ㡣
ò˵ַ㣬Ŀԡ
԰ɡ
ϸһĵԪ£漴˦ɫĹſԵĻҪݻһС
ǳ֮µȺҲܹĸܵԪɫĻ֮ǺεȵİԵ
֮
ַ־ѸޱȣȺУȴ·ܻ켣
һĳգ޾ȵĻ
ȺһɴַĽ·һֺգ𣬳֮֮
ǳաоһλã૵㣬ַԴĽ糿ۺճԴĽ
ϡǵã峿֮ʱַһճпȴǣ˵ַ㲻Ҫճˣ˿̣ȴһƻ
·ʱ⣬ҲС
ԴĽ
»һپţǰ似мˣܹԴ˵Ŀ侳ĸо򽣣ˣŻ⾳չֳ
Ϲ֮ײ޾ĹâʹȺڿռŰ·òƽϢ
ַӰֳǰ£񡢲
֮治ɱ㣬ϧɱϸ֮ˣɡ
ϸпһȻ侳ǿߣҲԼʵʲôΪֹڴˣַ㣬ţַ㼸ʱ䣬ܳԽˣ侳ַļޡ
˰š˶ʲţַţϸûмĺ󱲣ҲԶˣһֱϣһź󱲣ϧһֱûȵȵһˣȴĺ󱲣ϸĳˡ
ϸӰĶ⣬֮ˣúýύ̫֮ˣֱˡ
ְɡַ㵭Į˵
ãɡ
ϸƽ˵һŲһ磬ʱӰֱӿԽַǰɫԪһƣֱӳַɱȥ
ȺĽľţַ㣬Ҫ侳ǿײ
֮
һַ³ޱ貵ĹâĽŶ޾ıһʶĿյ֮ʱŵĹâŰǿҫһУ֮
͡͡
ռ䷢ѵ죬֮ڽϣһַ򣬻˼֮⾳С
һҫգâ
䣡
ֲϢϯ֮ƽϸˣ侳ǿڣַǰȻˣȻֻԱ߳һС
Ӱɱ
ַ㽣ɲֹʮӰɱʹöȻʧһӰͺûһ
գַǧﱼϮȶҶ֮ʱʹùʮӰɱĵڶаӰɱʱ޷ӰΣȻ񾳽˺һӰɱˣͺûһֻл
ϼ
ϸεĻɫѿͺһԵϹ⸡֣ԪϹ⣬ڿš
͡͡
һԪУϸɫ΢䣬Ӱ˲ʧֱ˳棬ˣϸ棬һαַˣֱӱȵ档
ַȴûаĵ⣬Ҳû׷ĿתӰϣɱ
һۣӰɫ䣬ݺݵĲ¡
ַ壬һζˣûаͣ


0230 ʮ֮
Ͻɽ£Ϣһ̤񱼣ٶ죬治ϵĲš
ȺԼʮң϶ͭߣסżĿ⣬ȴǷޱȣѪ֮
ңȺµȫǳѪ֮ɫȻѩսѪ
ǰѪս֮ϣսϵѪӲͬһλŮӣӰ£ɴ棬ȴȻʥࡣ
ֻǹʣƮȻɣֻԶ֮С
Ϊ׵ŮӣȻ飬ʤѩƮȻɡ
ŵȺǳѪţ콣Ӫ֮ˣѪ콣
գַսǧ׷Ϯ뿪֮ûκϢս󣬳Ѫ콣֮˱ѰңպڻԵɺޱɽׯõϢַ㣬̤Ͻɽϵϸ
ǣǧ񱼶·;ûƬ̵ͣЪ

ͬʱϸɽ֮й֮ǰַڽϸ֮һεĶˣһ˲䶼ûͣһΣԵĶҶһˣŲһ磬ǣŶҶӰǰ
𡭡
Ӱзһŭַ㣬Ȼӣϸȴ·Ϊ˲һߣַںսļ϶ǣһ˶֣һ˲ܹɱӰӰоܵ޾衣
ƽϸλ߹󣬶ӵ۷ʵưһԲ֮˭ϹϾ
죬ַ㣬һ꣬˶ϸɱϸ֮ˣӰ˷ڿ϶ʱɱ
ֲɫӰٶȳϹ죬ӰƣԵȭͷٶҵĺȥ
Ϧ֮
ַ㵭Į˵һеĳգһҫۣȴһįɪ֮⾳
Ӣ۳ĺ׳ʿ
ٳšҫ۵ǿߣվгĺ֮ʱį֮ˡ
֮޾Ļȵ
֮Űǿ֮ҫҫһСҲԻһСȻһС
Ϧ֮ĺ֮һ£·κθֹôҫۡ
Ӱĵеĸܵɳĺ֮Уճưһַ裬ⲻľ
£ȭӰ·𰵵࣬һ£еĸ㾡˷ɣĻ
Ϧ֮֮ʱӰ建ĵȥȺģҲźݺݵĲ¡
ϸӰһ
ǿȺоЩľˣӰҲַɱˣǿ
䣡
ɫĹâ֮״ϸ壬
ַ㣬ˣ˲乤һնɱӰ侳ǿߡϸ棬նɱϸĸӰ
ⲻɱĺˣͬǶ裬ϸ棬ûá
Ҫʬǧ򡣡
ɫϸ̤ϳȣŲһ磬ȶ͵һ·ʱݵ
ʬΣַĿĮ˵ԶлɱΣѾǸˡ
ġ
ϸĽŲһ磬ĲַҲһŭˣ侳ϸ棬׵ķŭˡ
ǻҪԲ֪
ַ㽫ҶԼ󣬽Ųǰһ磬ս
ռˣܹĸоַս⣬Ե侳ǿڣɲûκεη度£Ψȼյս֮ĺǻѪ
ޣ־ܲǿַڵʵǽΪ츳ǿޱȼġ
ã
ϸַܵս⣬ŭһŲһ磬ȵϱڣɫԪ͵ĳַȥ
֮
ַһӳ˺һʹ֪֮ǰǿ˶٣һںأ̺⾳
¡¡
ɫԪͽײޱǿӽϴַֻоԼֱϳһɽءѹ֡
侳֮ˣԪԪ޾Ԫ۶ɣԪԪҪǿ˲֪ٱ
ŭ֮ʱϸ棬ȫԪȻֻһҲַܲסսֱ۶ˣ˺ԭء

ϸ˵Ųٶǰ磬淢졣
ҰԵһȭַɫԪ״˳ֱһ¡
䣡
һҵı죬ַƺһŶҶˣŭϸ棬һħ
侳侳Ĳ࣬Խսͬ侳侳֮䣬бʵı仯
ַͷսΪ飬侳ҲΪ˼ԼԼ
Ҫ̤֮Խ̣̤侳ҲԽа
ȻսôҲҪµʲôɡ
ַȼյսⲻĿĶϸ档
ÿң侳㲻κεĻᣬ㲻Ҫ붯ҷֺֻܵ
ϸĮ˵ɫԪԽԽҡ
𣿡
ַ˵ͻȻʧӰɱӰ
𣿡
ϸЦ侳Ŀ͸ӦεȵǿȻַ似ַΪϾ侳Ӳȫ
ϹɱһУȻ˿̣һֱӴϹ֮ϣӰһĽ

ϸЦһǽʱϹƣֹʺǰ޷ǰ벽
ַӰ֣վϸǰĵ˭˵侳˲侳ǿߡ
ʮӰɱ
³ַˣһޱȡһеĽ
˫֣ջʮ֮⣬貵𣬿졢쵽˼飬쵽ȺֻһʮֹӰ·һֱǣףʮֹӰǸղ˲ֵġ
ַ㻰֮ʱϸ͸оΣգҲ˲ɫԪ࣬ˣǰ˲ʮӰɱ֮ѿţһ޴ʮ֣յǵâһʮֲ֣ܿѪⶼܿ
һ㣬ֻһ㣬ʵһЩʮ֣ͽƶǡնɱ


0231 ɫ
ȺҲϸţʮӡʺѪҺĿġ
˭˵侳˲侳ǿߡ
ַĻ˵ǰ㣬ַ㣬ˣ侳ʵ侳ϸ棬ˣˣ㽫ϸ浱Ĩɱš
ͷʮѪۣϸɫѾ޷ݣԪ֮ѪҺ̣˿ڵѪֹͣϸ̧ͷַ֮ʱֻ޾ɱûôɱһˡ
Ҫһѣɱ㡣
ϸ³һɭޱȵĻȻ
ߣ
ַһ˺ԭأҶ徶ֱˣһĻϸɫһ䣬ȵҡ
ʱַԶϸľ޴ҲϸصڣǾ޴Ķڣſǣṳ̂롣
ϸɫַһ漴ЦŲһ̤ӰͶҶˣֱʧûǽصڡ
ϸɫԽţַԽҪС
Ӱϸȥȴ׼̤붴֮ʱһޱĽâŶ˻ȥ
¡¡һϸ΢ĺصĴŻرգϸĿ
꣡
ϸ˫ȭ죬ĿǶڣĵ飬Ƿˡ
ղţַ㿿صʱûбֳκεַˣظһôǲ˻ǽأΪ˲ַǽأգַ㻹ǽȥˡ
Էַ㣬ǲ̫ģַ㣬ֳ츳̫ˣַ˸꣬һֱַûκΰ취ңַ츳˵ɱˡ
ο֮УһЩ֮Ȼϸδ򣬵ַԣ˭֪ᷢʲôҲҪꡣ
ɫòϣӰ岻һֱغڽصſڣĬĶȽ֮ţĿ
ȺҲûм뿪ʵǶϸĽʲôϸĹأ
ϸⷽԲ֮صû˸ǿд룬侳ǿߣϸĽҲ̫Ȥ
ϾϸҲʵֻⷽԲưԶѣĦԽǿߣҲ㲻ʲôˡ

صУ˿˿֮Щѹ֡
žĿռ䣬Щ£ռ֮ŵϹ⡣
ɫĿռ䡣
Ҷַֽס·ַɿ㣬Ưؿռ䣬żֺ档
ȻҲмֿ־壬Ϊ߸ַ㣬ֿ־Ҳ̫ǿҡ
Ҷϸ֮ˣ˵𣿡ַһȻƻ
ûУҼûкϸ֮˵
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ˵
ǵȥ
ַŶҶϹ⣬ĳǰ߶š
ַ˽ŲǰƶϹ⣬ȻԽԽΧһУޱȡ
ʱַǽ̤ŵģǹ⻬ʯ壬ɾ룬ǽڣǽڣַŲǰԽԽԶΪռøˡ
һЩʱַ̣ͶҶĿ΢ǰ𾪡
ǰģһƬƬɫģУɫҺں͵ķţ·𲻻ͣϢ
ƬϡԿһͷƻͨ·һ޴Ĺ
ɫй
ַ΢ⲻϷĺȻӰм֮𾪵ǣȻһֱţ·ԶͣϢ
ǿȥ
ַŶҶ˵һҶ΢΢ͷ漴ַŶҶ֣һն𣬽ŲֱӴɫϿҪֱӵйȥ
ȻַԽɫϿ֮ʱһ͵֮
ֻɫĺɫнַͶҶס漴ֱӽ˵뵽С
һУֻ˲䷢쵽˼顣
ַɫ󺧣ɫĺ·ͻȻֱӳ뵽ϺУû뵽顣
ҶǾһַֽ㣬ſһ飬Ϻ
𣡡
һ̵Ϻ·˷ķŭţɫҺ岻ϵĳգݣȫַͶҶۡ
ַͶҶֱϵӣ˲仯ΪУϺڻǺȻķ֣ϵҲʧˣڻˣǵȫûϺûԵΡ
ͻĹҲǹ˲Ρ
ַͶҶֻʣһԴһֱ¶棬˹⻪ֱ۽ţֻɫҺ壬ֱӳǵֱȥ˳ǵֱǵڡ
ˣɫҺ壬˳֫ٺϵ룬޿ײ룬·Ҫռǵ塣
ַ㣬Һܡ
Ҷɫ԰ףϹ˸˿о·Ҫͣ漴ǽַİֱۣڻɿû
ַɫһҲͬܣɫҺ壬Ϯ塣
Ȼڴ˿̣һǿϢ˳ֻҶ󣬼Ӱ֣Ȼһ֮š
ȣ·بűڵš
ӡ֮ţ
ַһǷӡ֮ţҶμѪӵеꡢѪꡣ
䡢䡢䣡
ȷӡ֮ȻҶסӡһУӵķӡϢɫҺ徹ȻٳϮ˳
ӡ֮ţ赲ɫѪҺ֡
ҶϣϢƽȣַ΢ɳҶֻιȥѣ޴󰭣ɫҺڣʹޱȡ
ȻڴʱһϤĸоȻַһ漴֮Ӱ֡
˯꣬һγˡ


0232 ַ
𣡡
Σһ֣㷢һŭ֮
ޱȾ޴Ѫ֮ſһ廯޵֮š
޾ɫҺ屻ĸĸҲ漴һޱȾ޴ŭ֮Ӹһͷ­֮ҲһɫҺ塣
һΣɵɫҺࡣ
𣡡
𣡡
𡭡
һ֮Ĵ·Զţʱַ꣬ѾޱȵӴҲߣ½ӵͷ­
ַ˿ޱȣ⻹ô
˿̵ɣǰȣ̥ǣȫһ
ǰ꣬һСߣ·΢
ɣȴԶŵĲǿҵ
𡢺𡭡
֮죬ֻԴͬʱ쳤Х·ڸ
ɫʧˡ׵׵ʧ쳤Хͷ­ȫɵˡ
꣬Ƭĺ·ûɵġ
ַ治ȻҲӴ󣬵ɵһɫ̫˼ˡ
̧ɫĹ⻪תϢϻ꣬Ӱ֪ǿ˶ٱ
꣬Ȼֱˣǰĺǿ˺ܶ࣬Ǻ¡
ַϸһĨ΢Ц漴㿴ǰһ߳壬޾ջ塣
˿̵ĶҶһ˿ҵĳǰ
ѩİɫԼջ˵Ĳλַ˲˷ӦһĻ档
ͷһԼĳλַֻϻģޱȣ˿̵ȫҲͬһ˿ңɫĺֱڻˡ
ͷȥַ㲻ٿҶ壬ԼͲסȻ־ǿ󣬵ΪУһɫ˳ǰԼҲͬǳģʱĲоʵ̫ǿˡ
һ֣Ĵʯбв·
Լһ漴ַҶϣŸҽĿתҶ
Ȼ˿ַ̣ȴһ˫ˮƯſһգգĿĿԣַʱ޲Ҹطȥޱȡ
ҶԼ壬漴Ҳʶʲô˲ɫޱͨ죬͸ˡ
Ҳǹġ
ַε˵һ۶Ҷͨɫǡ
Ҷһ漴˫־ǰ浲סÿһ˷
㻹·𡣡
Ҷϸ΢ַǿ˵ʲô
΢΢ͷִַӴʯȡ·һӸ˶Ҷ漴ȥǰ濴
˵գַ㱻תǱӣǰƻͨйȥ
ҶɬַǱıӰǷƬ̣漴۽֮һĨЦݸ֣ɢȻһЦڶҶϣǡ
ַ㲢ûпҶȻһЦ˿̣йУĿ΢΢¡
йܿߺǿ֪ʲô죬Źӵݻ֮
йǰˣһܣһӰϥڵϣһϣһϹ⣬ңԣһޱȴ׳ľǣֱʮףǳӴ
ַұߣһʯ֮ԣпһʬ壬ʬȻùǼܣõԣһӡ
ַ̧ŲߵõԱߣӷڣּ
ҽǧʿ֮ɽ˵أ֣һǿ֮Ĺء
Ĺأ
ַͫһһǿ֮Ĺأ
סͷɻַȥСУ򵥼ǧ
ԭϽɽ֮ǧϸ棬Ҳǧ
Ĺأ˵һǿߵĹأжǿҲ
УɫĺȻѪҺ̺ѪĿѪҺֱܹʴ˵壬뵽˵ѪҺУǧǱѪ֮ʴӵϻ꣬Ѫ֮Ҳ̳ȥϸϵ֮ˣϻ꣬΢ΨоѪ֮ϴ񣬲꣬ǿԼ츳
ϸ֮˵ϻ꣬ҲһѪ꣬ǵ汾Ϻ֮Ѫʴɱϻģ̺Ѫ̫С̤ؾϺϴҲЩֱӼ̳еѪǿͱҶѪǿߣμ֮ˣֱӼ̳ѪǿߵѪ֮
ԭϸϵҪڴ̤֮أѪ֮ϴĹأҲǧµģԼ˶Ĥң֮ʱϺϴʺϵģ̫Сܲˣֵ̫츳
ϸ֮ˣҪϺϴ񣬶ַͶҶܾҶΪǿѪ꣬ӡܾ֮꣬ϻꡣ
ַ㣬ֱˣ̺Ѫ֮Ѫ֮ˡ
תĿ⣬ַ㿴ľ޴ߣ˹ȥȻ塣
΢΢ߵ壬Եúܿգַ壬ǲ¡
ⲻǵܣߡ
ɫĺʵߵѪҺ
εǿޣѪҺγɺӵѪҵ˲֪Ľ죬ܹӵ

֮⣬Ⱥڵȴţϸ棬Ҳڵȣǽ֮ţȴޱȣûа㷴Ӧ
ϸ棬ϸȺ˿̶۶ﾲĵȴţΧġ
¡¡濪ʼȺĿһɽ£ֻ񿥵ıڶƻֺꡣ
Ϊ֮ˣһϮ£ɴ棬ֻȻĶ
һŮ
Ⱥͷһ֪һ˭ˣΪλֱ̤ϸ֮ۡ
ս˻ֻЩѪֱ֮ӷԾֱӿ˳ȣ۵ϸȺǰƺƵޱȡ
ţѵǲ֪ʲôط𣿡
ȺһȺˣȻֱ̤
ĿΪ׵ٻӰ֮ϣҲ֪ʲôģ뿴һɴ֮µգ֪ͶҶȣΡ
ַģ
һȺ˲סַ㣬ַ㣡


0233 ϸĩ
ַģ
࣬һĨ⣬ѩӰһѩ֮ɽ
ţ
ϸĿ⻺תϣʵַʲô
ַģ
һô䣬ûлشϸ⣬˿ַֻ̣֪ģ
Ѫ콣ˣĿҲϸϣʱϸ澹оһɷ
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ϸһӣĿǰַɱ¾ϸ֮ˣǰӡʮѪ̧ۣͷˣ˿̣һȺţֱ⽫ϸںεأ
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ϸ˵һȺСĿˣ񻰡
ɱˣ
һ૵
ûɱˣ˶֪
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ĬˣĿ˸ţǱûκθ鲨Уˡ
壬Ҳ΢Ĳ·һΪ־㡣
ҲĬˡ
һ⻪˸޾ɷ͵˳һ̣ȺֻҪϢˣޱѡ
ǿȺˣٶ侳صʵСġǵʲôˣַ㣬Ǻˣ
ܵϢɷȺа
ɱ
ŭأɱ֮񱼣Ѫ콣֮˷̤ǰС
һʺѪҺڿţѪϸȺУ˲һɱûκɱ
һҽд޵Ѫɫڿз衣
ʱ̧ͷϡԶû֪ʲô
ʱ򣬾Լ֪Լʲô
ֻ֪Ŀڣʹʹ
ܶݣҲ٣ǰļУֻĸףԼڷ롣
ֱһգԲ֮ˣַӰʯ֮ϣ統С
˿лطŵģȫַӰַŭӰԵӰŵӰУΪһЦɵЦӰ
һᣬӿе䣬У·𶼱ַӰռݡ
ûйκθˣʹˡ
˿̣ϸ濴Ѫɱϸ֮ˣɫտ
ȻҪֵʱһɺ䵽µϢס
䡢裡
ϸ棬˿ˣܵ˺⣬صĺ⡣
ڿл䶯ţϷ죬ɱѩ
ռ䣬ڶᣡ
䡣
ȺͷͲ漴ǵĿ⣬ǵӰ֮ϣʤѩ˿̵飬һɽҪһУԼģҪ⡣

ɳƵ³ڿռ䴦صš
һ쫷ͻأĸ֣ķ磬ϣİɫ졣
ɴڴ˿䣬ŷ磬ԶԶƮ뿪¶ա
һ̣ռ䶼·ͣ
Ϣ˲ֱӡ
ǵ
ΪҶգѾǣܱȣȻ˿ֵ̳İŮӣӣɽŮȺԲλĸо
죬һǾգ
ѿ飬ǶоԼΪŮˣ£оԼ̧ͷ
ַģַʲôˣ
૵һҶѾˣңַ㣬˿ֳ̣һգȻַ㡣
ӰˣȣֱӲս֮Ͽ粽У·һϸǰ
ϸͬҲò𾪵ʵһ̣͸оԼ嶼Ҫסˣйĺ⡣
ȻЩ˵ɱַ㡣
ɫԪϸŭһҪ顣
ģ
һһָϸһһѪֱӴ³
һһˡ
ȺĵһĻȫ飬òǣʵҲģַ㻹Ҫ
ϣһɿֲĺ֮Ŷɺ֮⣬·嵱еģû䵽¡
ϸɫԪⶳᣬϻƵϹ⣬Ҳᣬţǹɺ⣬ֱϣˣ⣬һ㺮ӰС
һƴзֱӡϸϡ
¡һ죬ϸֱײйı֮ϣѣĿȴڵѪ
ĿϸûԼᱻ˵ŰǱһŮ
ɨһ·Ѫ¾ţǳ֮ϵϸ֮ˣɱ⣬Ǵɱ
ϸˡ׵׵ˡ
ϸһɾΪһĻϸ֣֮һɱ
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䣡
ǺһϣܣһɱһеĻѩ֮⣬壬ֻҪѾϣͻоӲ
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ûַûֻǽҽصС
ϸ˻ȻĻ£΢΢ͣ£漴Ŀڳ֮µȺϣĮ³һ֣˵
һּ⣬·Ⱥǲ˵ʵֱӽ˶Ĩɱ
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Ⱥͷ˵ǱʹģŸо࣬һĺ
ԷŹ𣿡ϸ澹ʼģģˣˡ
ˡ
ҡҡͷϸ棬һӰʧƣֱϸϣ޾ĺ¶һС
ϸ嶳ᣬıϣ漴ӿ׹䣬Ϣ
ϸ桢侳ǿߣɣ
ͬʱսҲѾϸţ
ȺĿⶼưԷԲ֮صϸһռţֻһˡַ㣡


0234 ֲǿ
ӰƮڵأǣȴ͸˿˿ɺ⾹ʵʵ͸֮⣬ܣγһƬ䣬ǿ֮ˣоҪסŲˣǳѪ콣֮˶ˡ
̫ˡ
µŮӣипҲΨַ㣬ܹŮΪġ
ߵǵ֮ǰĮһǽڣ
ǣϸصڡ
֮˵ͷ˿Ƕߣ´ŭˣǶԷһŭҪϸ֮˵ĺ󳾣Ĩɱ
ʵ̫ǿˣϸ涼˲Ϣɱοǡ
ֻĿⶢǽ֮ţƻľ𣬺²Ϣ漴ŲһȻ֮š
¡¡
治ϵĲӦڿռ죬Ȼǽ֮ΡȻɽţҲûаĶҡ
䡢䡢䣡
ֻ³֮ţĿɱ䣬ûаĲ
ڣڳ˺ܶκˣĿתȺ֮ţôģ
ϸϵ֮˵Ѫ룬ǵǰСףȻŴ򿪵ģڣϸĵϵѾ
һ˻ش˵漴һ۵ϵʬ壬ϸĵϵѾȫɱˣһʣ
Ѫ
ɫһĿ⿴ϸ棬һһ׶Էʬ嵱У漴һЩѪ⡣
һѪ뵽С׵У˲ڻȻ֮ţȻûа㷴Ӧ
Ŀһڸղ˵֮˵ϣʱֻӲӰˣȴһ۽˶·Щܹģֻͣ¡
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ϸ˽ȥҪòŻ
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૵һ漴عųѪ콣֮˵Ҫߣ뿪ɡ
Щ˶ûд𻰣һĬվǣŲδͺһһ
һĻȺڸпַ㣬ǺˣȻôڵȴ¡ꡢԹ޻ڡ

صУ˿̵ַ㲢֪һУʱվǵַһֻǶ
ַ㵱ȻҲˣ񣬲ʲôٵܣˣˣûкȴûиáǵˣͺһһ
ַ󣬶ҶվĿͬĿ·ݵС
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֮ϣ£ɫŻϢֱӺӰߵϣϹǵתš
ǾӰһޱϡ
գǿߣҾ̫飬һԣ۳ڲ֮ϣԡ׵С
ַԺгֵһУҵţڸղǰ֮ʱ·ۣĿݣ뵽Ƭ統С
ǿߣַ㣬ʲô㣬·
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٣ȴ
ַͷ𾪣֪ǿߣǺεȵľ硣
ҴӶԷУַеĸܵһɲ֮⾳·Ӣ۳ĺһ֮ؼҲ
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˼ڣֱӴݵַͶҶԴУַһ˶Ѫӵߣ
ҶѪӵֻ֪֮š
ַ㣬ҲӵѪ֮
ꡣַ£һȱΪǷ꣬Ѫꡣ
ǣַײûּ꣬ҵȺû꣬ôֻһˣδĸףѪӵߣ
Ůӣҵʱʣ಻࣬츳һὫĴд㣬ԸԸԸһͷͿԡ
˿˵ĻȻǶԶҶ˵ġ
ַ㲢֪ҶηӦ漴ǿٶȿڣܺãҲһЩúɡ
˵գҶֻһԺеľ̼ʧһȵֱԺУ˲˹ȥ
ַԺУǿߵĿ⣬ϣϺЦ
ʮǰұϴνϼҺˣһζü˽Ϊ⽫һΣϣһ츳õܹȫļ̳ҵһУȻûúܶˣһˣ㹻ˣΪȻ̫ߣͬˣҪǿ̫࣬ʵѡ
ַʮ꣬侳ΪڶԷУȴΪߣ嫵Ĵ½̫࣬صģַ


0235 л

ַеԣǺƮĸá׽
ַ㣬ûдһΣΪߡ
ҲΪҼ򵥵ĺ˵ɣʵߵ꣬һֱʽǿ֮ˣԽǿ
ΪǿĹУʵҲڲǿ꣬ͬʱ׳󣬱磬һӵߣСʱ꽣ֻһ㽣ԽԸǿһ㣬ΪΪҲûз˽ûʸΪޣһǿĽޣҪ꣬ǽҸʹ֮򽣣Ҳܶࡣ
ǿ֪Լʱ䲻࣬ڶַ򣬶
Щˣ˫꣬ӵ꣬ˣΪţʵϣ궼ֲͨ꣬ãʵ㲻ʲôӵһǿ꣬˫ӵߣ֮ԳΪţΪǷǷ꣬ǵȱǿǿӵиõԣδ֮ʱͱȱ˸򣬶һְ壬ĺô
֮Ҫף꣬һ˵δǿĨɱͬǿߣͺñҽ̸ϸ˵һ似ϼɱʵʹȥ꣬γɻӰ֮ӵпɱܣʤ
ԭˡϼɱǶһ
Ӱʵ̫ǿ󣬲أҲ͸һ磬ȻӰַ϶ҲˣϾǿҲ˵ˣصԼԼҪͬˣǿܶࡣ
ڴʱƬõͻȻ˸£ڶ˲ģָֻ
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ǿߵһ˿Ȼ漴ֶַҲ˵ʲôˣ֮Ҫסӵǿ꣬硢ԼꡢнٿΪս⣬ǿ㲼Ƶҩ
ǿһ˵ôַЩľЩǿ֮ӵеĺô
ҴһЩ䣬䱻ҷѳΣԸõĽɣȻΪԼãһμ䣬ҵһЩ¼ΪõĹ似ҲľĨٻ֪
ڶμ䣬Ҷ󷨡Ҳ㡣
μ䣬򵥵ļ䣬ȴҪļ䣬֮Ҳеõɾң֮Ϊлл꣬ɾұΪлŵһƲл걣ڡңлûдиκˣҪúϧ
˵ĻԽԽ䣬˵Ƭֱ飬漴ƹâżĹâֱַüģԺӡ굱С
䣡
ַֻоԺ͵£һ˺ѵʹഫ˲亹ҪļԺ䵱Уһ֣ôʹࡣ
Դתַֻȵļ俪ʼӿԺԺҪըѡ
ղǿߺεȵĴڣֻƲл䣬ǿޱȣЯŴϢ
Ժеһը죬ַںͶҶһֱε˹ȥڵ֮ϣ޷֪ʱš

֮⣬ȺɰڵȴţϸѾһʱ䣬һ죬һֱվڽص⣬ʤѩƮȴһδһѩŮ
ЩͭߵʿҲûһ뿪ϥڵϵȴţ弫ٻЩ¡
ȺҲû뿪˲뿪Ҳ˲뿪֪֮Ǵں滹η壬֮µȫһһӰ
Ƕַ㣬Ҳøӵĺˣַ㣬Ǻˣ
˰֮⣬һǱ顣
Χһ㺮Ʈţǳ䣬µ䣬ɺƺҪţȴѹסһֱǻγһʵʰİɫֻһɢȥ˸оҪ塣
û֪ʲôԭҲû֪˿̵飬һޱǿҵĺʴ壬޷ѹסĺ
ַ֮ʱڵĺŰ֮ʱϸ˵ɱַ㣬鵱ʱһУѹڵĺΨɱǹɺɱϸ棬͵һµĺɺˣ޷ѹסֻĬĬû֪ı
ֻһŵַѾҶҲ
ʱ˵Ժж䣬Ҷļ䣬һ׽һĽŮӵĽ׽ɽ֮ͽ֮似ں϶ɡ
ַļ䵱У˸ϢҲǿ˵μ䣬ÿһμ䣬̺ޱӴϢַ㣬ڲϵš
ǿڽ䴫ݸʱѾֳΣЩ䵽ԺҲûлҲǳܺ˳
ãַŽμ۾ƽ
л
ַһлר֮ҽƫ棬ȻҪԲУԲԼĻǡ
ĻǣòлеֶηѿѳƲл꣬Ȼ󵥶һƲл꣬ÿһƲл궼òٴǿ󣬿Զһ档
лһʱ򣬾ͽӿµңлֿҲԸԷԼãÿһƲл궼ãôлǧƣжôĿֲ
Բ꣬Բ꣬ԼжʹࣿлǿҲ̫Եˣ˲


0236 ֮
˲лַľ⣬ǿߵַͬġ
˶ԷƽһЩ䣬Ҳ֪˶Էʵ
侳
һȭԱɽһնϺߡ
ַҲ˽⵽ʵĻ֣侳֮ϣ侳Ҳ־ء
侳ϣΪ죬֮졣
֮ϣӵ֮Ƶ侳ǿߣַ㣬ҪԽսʤ侳˶ѣοǺ˲֪پߡ
عַ㿴ǾûаϢʬ壬и̾һߣڴˣǰԼ֮ˣϣּɱ
侳ǿߣѩ¹ĦԽֹȣǿĴˣ侳ַû˵ѩ¹֪û侳ǿڡ
ߣַҿ϶Ϊ˻ּͿһȣѩ¹ܹɵµġ
侳ߣǽѪҺѪ֮ȥҲ˵Ѫ꣬ģߣУǴ˵ǿߡ
Ȼ˿̵ַ㣬Ȼһλ˵еǿߣһõ˶ԷĴУ̺ͨļ䡣
ߣ𡣡
ַ㿴һߣǷ棬ԽһƵ
ѪҺɺûʧȥӵܹʴ壬Ѫ֮Լˡ
ϧѪȻӲյˡ
ǰҵõĴУҲǼ̳²ǰҵʦ
ַ㿴ܣ漴Ȼ˫ϥأĶʬй֮ʦȻܵһݡ
ԷǽԼеľμ䣬ݸԼһݣַ֮ãҲ̹̹
ǿ߻ߵĻַΪʦѩ¹ַԺˡ
ҶַĶ漴Ҳߵַԣǵܹ£ߵͷԷҲͬһμ䣬ǿĹ似ʦˡ
ǰҵĵһμ䣬һμԺУлǰˣ֪ǰ֮¡
ַֿ˵ڶԷĵһμ䵱УжԷƽԼһЩŲµˣȻѾм֮ãһ磬ӵзǳƾõ겻ǿߵĹ̤˸ľҲ˵
վַ˿˿̾Ϊ侳ǿڣɻΪ겻ҲҪ˵ؽ˶һమ֮˵ԭΪԼǳ֮ˡ
ַ㣬Ǻʱȥ
ʱҶ˾䣬ܲһֱ֮ڣƶ
ַĿ¶˼ɫϸ϶ȺóȻȥԷֱӶ
ڵʵս侳ˣƺ΢ǿЩ
侳ǿߣӵԪһұ˴ҵԪȣһ𡣡
ַ㰵˵ַԼֶεǺţһգϸؿһʮ˿ڣ㽫ԷĨɱԡѪɵѪʹǿͬʱµꡣ
ַģȻնɱ侳ϸ棬һս֮ģֻǲ֪ܵʲô̶ȡ
ҶȥǷʱȥ
ַŶҶ˵ҶȻ˵ͷ
ߡ
ַ˳Ż·أ߽ð·ҲԽԽխûãַͶҶǿǽ֮ǰ
Һ棬ȿ
ַ˵һ䣬ǰַȽ֮ϡ
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һ촫Ƚ֮ţȻſڽ֮ڵˣֻҪһ֮ţ֮žͻῪ
ַĿ΢һͷţһַгһ֮ϣ͸ŷ
֮Ż˲䣬һޱǿҵı֮⽫ռסַĶ˲üͷ塣
䡢ôô䣬˵ϸ治ܷǿ⡣
ַʶȥһ֮ʱˣϵսҲ˲ʧӰ١
֮ȫſӳַģǵգȻڵԼʲôϸ档
ȻҲַ㣬Ŀڿн㣬˿˿
顣
һЦ⣬ַɢ
ģûаı仯Ŀ⿴ַһۣ߳ĶҶϡ
Ҷϴŵ΢Ĳһ£漴ֱĮڸǣޱ顣
ҶҲͬ飬̲ס̾һ侹ȻŮӡ
䡣
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ַǰһ֮߳ţȺͷһַ㣬Ȼ˺ǳ顣
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ַһĽŲȻͣ漴תַ㡣
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Ҷȳȥһ¡ַ߽أŶҶ˵һöҶ£Ŀ˵Ŀַһۣ漴Ĭŵ˵ͷ߳˽أһ۾Ե顣
һ̣Ȼо޾ĺ䣬æĶ㿪˵ţŮӵܣôô䣬·Ҫ
ҽַһߵſڵ飬ԵЩá
صĴٶȹرգַӰʧȺĿⶼǴţܺ棬׻ᷢʲô


0237 
֮Уַ飬ǿҵĺ˲˳ֱӶϣƬֱַ̣۱һ㺮嶼һ˪ѩ
䣡
ַ˸˿ϵĺ̫ǿңΪ磬ֻǴɺ⣬ͷ·Ҫס
תַ㿴飬Щŭĵô£
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ҲǺ˵ѹƲסңղΪλתߡ
ַܲˣ֪ɺһϵʹ˴κͷ˿ϴ֪а취Ȼתߣַβ
̧ͷַ㣬һ˿֮ɫ漴ֽԴ£·µŮֱַ۾
ַĳĬҲΣܵ΢ĲţҲ˵ʲô
Ͱɺ⡣
˵գַһ֮ŭХ춯أֻ֣޴Դϣ۾顣
һĻ£ˣһַ껹ͷҲûӴ䣬ַ꣬˱졣

аӵĿ϶ԼĲ²⣬ûдˣַ꣬ǿֲޡ
ХһֻԴſ죬漴Ȼһʱϵĺ⻯һɹɰɫϳſľƮȥ
ʱַվǣӴӰͷֻԴ·ͷ߰㣬ϵĸţ𺳡
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΢ĵ˵ͷԴ΢΢ţϵĺ⽥ıɼ
ģַо΢ЩʹŮˣҲ֪˵ʲôá
Ӻڷ߳飬һֱԼҲֻôһˣԴǧ׷Ϯ뿪ʧôãΪ˰ɣȻҵһŭ֮¾ϸ֮ˣʱû
ò׿Լʱ򣬷ԼͶҶһ飬ңҶǴԼ·ôܿĵȻûбֳκε˺һַ㣬Ĳ׽ÿһϸڣת뿪һɲǣ΢Ĳ£Ҳ˲䡣
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ܵ΢ĴַЦˣЦúܺҲ΢΢סԴԴԼļͷ
ԭĸоġĵ׵Լů
鰲ĿַϣԴַļͷĿ⿴ǰкЦЦšЦţǾУһˮ˳ջµ䣬વϸ΢죬˫Ҳ΢΢Щʪ
˭ַܹ֪ʧٵЩ죬жཹʱ̵̤ţַ̽Ϣ
ڣҵˣٶȸеϽɽϣ߲ݣȻõϢȷʵַ㣬ˣ
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ڣַ㻹ţȴŮһƺҪ
ʧ䣬ֻĬĬߣǹɿ־壬ǹɲ֪Ŀ־塣
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ã嶯£漴ַɿ֣Ǿգ¶һźЦ
Ȼƺôӣ䵭Ŀһۣ漴תŽȥ
ַ㶣ԴЩԺ漴̧Ų׷ǰȥ


0238 
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ΪͶҶһİ֮ˣҲַ㣬ŵꡣ
ַһ𣬾ҶַһһǾָо˺ܰ䣬Ƕ̫ˡ
ַ츳ȺеԱպױȵʵǸԲλ࣬Ψַһ飬Ǹо̹Ȼúʣ·ǱһԣҲַֻţľŮӡ
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0239 
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ַһȣʱ֮Ľʿŭڡ
ռ䣬˿̵ַ㣬֮˧ݣһһУѪڣʳľţһθܵȼյѪ
׼
ַٶŭȣʱ֮ң뻮һ
ɳ壬ɱ޿ˡɱ⣡
ַŭһ漴ֻķ£ɳ壬˳ų¥¡
ݡݡ
һʸƿգɳҽһı۾Һ岻ϵ
漴޾ļʸ׼ȷĽУ˲Ϣ嶼ɳ壬˳ǽ֮ϡ
һ̣˶ԣԵ
ַ㣬պաַ㣡


0242 ɱͳ
ǽ֮ϣɳ屻ʸĿģ˸оͷ
ǽϵȺĿҲọ̈̄ȻҲó׷ʲôղ޾ļʸǽ֮ϣǽˣңǳĽʿǽɳ壬ΪɳҪɱ
̹̹ûκΰѱԣϾɳԹż˶ˡ
ɹ·΢Ĳţ۾ôģЩ͡
ɳ壡
ŭһɹ·ǽԵĿ¿ȥ˲˫ĿóĶӣʸ˳ǽϵˣĶӡ
ַ㡣
ɹ·ŭһĿת̹ǣŨĺ⡣
ɱҶӡ
ɹ·ƺţĶַ㡣
ͳ쿪ţҺ͹м¸·
ַ㵭Ŀ˵ƽûκεĲ
ţɹ·дһ˿Цֲַ㣬㵱ѩ»ʳǣɱͳ֮ӣûнѩ·С
ţַһ㶣漴Цɹ·壬ȻҪϺ꣬˷ŭɱѣȶʦźó֡
ͳ죬ɳҪɱɱ˶Ϊ֤⣬һ飬ͳ죬ַ͹ҪҪ죬ͳ쿪ŷУҪǡ
ַ΢أ͸˿˿⣬ǳ̹ǡ
ҪҪ죿ôɹ·嶢ַ㣬ĮһЦ֣Ρ
䡣
ɹ·廰䣬ַһɱɱţɹ·ĿһҪʲô
ûκεַһƻУֱն¡
͡͡
һ촫ɹ·ҽһҪֱֵۺַײֱֱӱû˿ͣ١
һĻó¥֮ϵȺһɹ·֮˸Ҫǰȴһκˣ޷ַ벽ֻĿǰ鷢
ɳҪɱַΪɱɳ壬Ȼɹ·徹ɳ屻ɱĴԹޣŹǣûнУҲûнѩ»ҷУַ㣬ִɱˡ
ַվǣƮҡԶԶƮȺġ
ַ㣬ɱɳ壬ɹ·壬ҲҪɱ
˭ɱ˭
˵գַŲһֱӽɹ·ϣʱɹ·ɫҰףǲϵѪȻĿ⣬ȴĶַ㣬ޱȡ
ɹ·Ҳ侳Ϊַһַ˺һ磬ٶȺεȵĿ죬һն£ɹ·һ⣬ֱӱնֱۣһ
·Լѡġ
ַУһɿԵĽŰݻɹ·ڵľ
һɹ·峯ųǽȥ·Ⱥ⣬ʸƿգХͳɹ·壬Ķһ˳֮ϡ
ַ
ߵ磬Ψʵǹ
ַĿת֮ϵȺգĿһͳ׵Ľϡ
Ǹͳ죿
ַĮһͷ΢ɳɹ·ַ㣬̫ˣͺʹе̫һɱ
ǡ΢΢ͷͷ΢Щƽ
Һ͹ǣٶȿšַƽ˵һһĬ
ֻϢʱ俼ǣţ湫ѩ»ҡ
ַٶȿڣǿӲԵޱȣ漴һϢ
Ϣ
š
ǸͳĿһﻹַȥһɳ常Ӷ˵ɱɱַ㵱ȻҲǸɱġ
ԺΣȶǰһ˵Ҫ
šš
һݶ¡¡𣬾޴ͭŻ
ͳ죬ʿԻ͹ǣ֤ȫ
ַ㵭˵̻⣬ͷá
˵գֱֱ̤ӻصս֮ϣȵ͹ǡ
ƺƵŻʳǵпһĻȺԣø͹ǣǸ֧̤ʳɡ
˹û˵ַֿ˳֮ϣ˭˵ʲô
¡¡ϴǣַȵ֮󣬲Ŷʾ⣬漴ͬʱտ粽սҲʳǵжȥ
ʳǳ֮أʸڳǱϵʬ壬ôĿģȺ
ӰһգŤתǬַ㣬Ȼɱɳ壬նɱͳɹ·壬۾գһ£˵ɱɱ
ȻӵǰǣҪǿʵ
ַܹ׷ϵ侳صͳɹ·壬ʵǿӹɣȺ·ֿһŵĵ
ǲһ˴һңȰ˴кļ˸ǿ


0243 Ѫ
ʳ֮УһƬ֮أʯ̳ɡ
֮أλӻʳǷشǳ֮
Ƭ֮صУһѪɫݴɵĸ̨Ѫɫݲ֪ʲôɣĿġĸ̨ǰɫ԰ѩ
ڸ̨֮ϣһɵһͨʯ֮ϣʯĶˣһʮּܣʮּܵ˶һŻȼţһйĿģ·ֱ֮ۡ
̨Ϊն̨ѩԺ֮ˣǴŭգŭ˾ڴˣնɱʾ¡
ɱ֮ʬȻʯʮּϣ˫ֹסʬ屩ɹڴˣЧȣη壬ٷ֮ͬ
˿̣ն̨ΧΧȺɽ˺ƺƵ
ն̨ܱߣѩµľΧڴˣκ˲ÿ
û뵽պգѩ£ȴ³
Ⱥ̾Ϣѩ׵ĸ̨ϵӰȻ˿̵ţˣҪնͷ­ȴ߰ǣ
޻ڡ
Ⱥǰ棬һ˫Ư۾Ÿ̨ϵĿ죬˸
ףΪѩԼĴ껪׸ѩ£ǣرġ
ƯŮˣȻƣ뵱ƺȣϸ˼ֳ˿̣ȴľ¶
Ʒƣס㸸׵ĻúõĻţţϣ𡣡
ƵߣһĿƽУҲͬĺޣǿִ֮˶ǣǺ޲ʳ⣬Ѫ
еһУǶһģʮʿΣȫжϣӪбܣȻҲǺЦȻʵʱ˵ĿЦ˵Ϸ硣
š
صĵ˵ͷ˳رǲĲΪˡ
㸸һֱַ㲻£и֮ȥȥĦԽ
ٶȿڵƳĬַ㣬ģ
֪ΪΣ˿̵ƣоȻǰûй
Ůڹ¶ʱǻԼںˣƣ˿׾ǰҪնȴûκεİ취ֻĿţŸױɱ
ǿһɫϴһĨõЦݣôЩ꣬һֱĶ֣գĸ󻼣ڿԲˣ˳նɱǣܲġ
ʱˣ׼
ǵĮ˵һʱϵ壬ֱӱսȻֱڿУ֫ȫסλǿס
ûзգĿ⿴ʣƽֻ޽޷ٻͷ
֣
ֵĮ˵һѪɫĽ֮£ཫʿſȫ׼ʮһŹ뷢Ȼû֮
ɱ֮ڿһóļʸ֮£Ȿһַ̰ɡ
ȻڴʱȺо΢˿˿ԽԽǿңĿ΢
¡¡¡¡
֮ԽԽǿˣǵĿ΢΢𣬳ԶȥֻԶ׵ﱼڶһ㣬ޱȵѸͣҳǰ˵ЩˣȻǳѪ
ô£
ĿһѪôˣǱ赲ڻʳ֮⣬ܽ˳ǵġ
ǳѪǽˡ
ţ壬ǳѪľš
¶һ˿֮ɫѪ³Ѫţ죬Լ̤˻ʳǣѪﲻӦóڻʳвŶԡ
ʱѪһӰ֮ϣһῡݵӰ
һЦ⣬Ѫɢ
Ʒƣַ㣬СӣûʲôģȻѪ˻ʳǡ
Ѫ˵ַ㣬һٳǣŤתǬһ˶ȥ׷ɱӪȹȻɻŻˣܹ˴ϲ
ƵҲһ˿ˮַ㣬̫ʱˣгѪǿڣһܻײ
Ȼƺɵ͹˶ɱľġ
ַ㣡
ǵһ֮ɫ漴ȵ׼ɱｫ
ǣ
һȴһƺѪɫ䡣
ңѪŭһֱӿԽȺȥ
¡
һҵȭͷɱЩ֮˲䱻ѪĨɱˡ
ż
һЦХɱȥһ̣ѪɫҰף壬ֱӿԽٶȿ쵽˼£һԽǰ˿˿סȵԪޱȵͷţϱһԪâ֡
߿
һɫ䣬Ȼ˿̵ΪҲˣֻѪš
塣
ƾһ漴͵촫һʸ͸ǰɫԪѪ嵱УȴѪʬĿס޷͸
ֵܣ
¶˼ʹɫĶͷ֮ϣһţ֮ţӡ֮ţͣ˸ţ޷Լ
һȥ
һ峯ǰȻȴڴʱһɱ֮⾳٣оޱȡ
ġ
һ촫ƺһɫ԰ףعȵԪֱ֮ӶϮ޾֮˲͸оҲٵķˣҲ˲
ɱ
һŭֳֳַ֮һ貵ĽâޱȵҫۣЩչ֮˵ͷ­ϵķУַϣ޾ɱ⡣
ֱɱˡ
ѪвѪϣȴ̹ȻЦݡ
ҵֵˣ⣬󣬳Ѫͳ֮λͽַɡ
𡭡ɳƵŭţۿʪж᲻ᵯֻδĴѪʮֵ飬Ȼ˶ԴǣǶԷԼֵܡˣΣԡѪս빲
Ȼ˿̣ѪȴҪ
һһҪ˵Ѫ΢΢ǰ㣬ѵĿϣ͸Ķߣһ
ѪԽԽ䣬˵ֿ꣬ⲻЦͳ죬˿ϣȴʼЦݡ
ʮˡһֱ׷㣬δƺգˡѪһ֡ܣ
ֵ֣ܶѪģþ£Ŀͱûɢ漴ıϣĻС
Ѫϣͷ죬ᣬϵĻ¡
ֵܣô򵥵֣ȴܸʮͬ
ѪжôĻҲ


0244 ˭Ѿ
¡¡
ݣǵĺӳﱼڣȺȫĺˣƬʱ䣬ն̨ΧûΧ֮ˣȫǰսԳɫ
ͬʱն̨ĺ棬ѩ¾ʿ˳ƺƵ
ڴ˿̣ѪﶼͣǵĿ⣬ȫеӰϣգ߳սĳѪͳ죬ôˡ
𣡡
Ѫеĳǹָ񷣬һŭ𣬹˽ض֣ôضΪ֮ȺģҲҵĲšѪѪţǿΪΧʳǣΪͳ쳤ǹָѩ£Թ޻ڡ
ǣսУǳʹʧܾǺԸ⣬üʮ
ַվǣһĬѪͳѪж
еĳ趯ƻ˸ϵ˲䱻նѿֻǱѪʬһԡ
ַ㣬㾹Ȼ߶ңѾʳǣ˽õ
Ŀ䣬ǳֵַ꣬㡣
߶ңַͬŶǣи˿˿⡣
ɱ
һŭ֮ǳѪеһˡ
ɱ
뻮һɱأѪﳤǹָɱֿռ䡣
ס֡
ַתŭһʱ˶Ŀ⿴ַ㣬͸Ų⣬ȴ
ûҵ˭֣ұնɱ
ַ˵һﶼ΢ַǼȴһĬ
Χ֮أΧ
ַĮĿ˵Ӧ̤ڣֻƬ̣ն̨Χռ䣬ȫΧסˮйͨ
ʱѾַ㵱ĹǣַͷΣ˶
ˡ
ڶǵԣκ۾΢΢𣬽Ķַ㣬߶ңַ޿ˡѩӢۣҲɱ
ַĮɨ˶κһۣöκͷͲһ£죬ַûֱӿ粽ն̨
빫¡
ַ˵ֻһдͭߵ黺ķֿǺ棬һӰǰ
ӰˣϴŸ߹֮⣬Ȼѩ¹Ҷ
ˡ
ַ㣬ǧﱼϮ˶ȻĴĦԽнȻˡ
ȺӰľ
ǣĿ΢΢𣬲ַúõĳǰҶҲˡ
ʿ񡣡
ַĿһɨʿȻȺвַ⣬ɿսϥأ¡
ַƽһЩն̨ΧľʿĮĵôľӣˡ
Ŀһ漴ȵ¡
Щѩ¾ʿӦϥأߺ¡
Ǽ£ܹѩ¡
΢΢Ƿͷȴ˸
ַĹ͡
Ҷ˵һŶǵĿҲ΢˿˿Į
ҶĻɫӲһʱ֪οڣҪַַѾ֮ڣַȴŹƽˣй
ַȻӢ̧ۡ𣬵ЦһȻַ˹߶ңֻʳǣɲС
Ÿַ㶨ء
ַ㲻䲻ȵ˵һöǵɫӲǹҶΪ̹̹һ˵
һ̹̹ղȻԽԽҪˣ޳
ַЦ˵һȺĿⶼһַ㣬Ȼ˵ǲҪ޳ңǵ˵˵
¡¡һεĲԶк¡ȺĿ΢ǵٶ˱ÿȻֻƬ̣źƺƵĿʳǽ
һϲƬ֧֮űҲߣһνΧסն̨ĳѪŲΧסѪҪжȴַ˻ֹ֣ǣѪŰ
ӰĴ֧߳һˣףݣһˣһ꣬ӣġ
ɱɹ·ɳ壡׵Ľǽͳɺʳǻͳɹ·ֳ
ǡַ㵭ĮĻӦһƽ
ţ
һַɱɹ·ɳ壿
ЦһĶַ㣬ַ㣬ȹйĿˣɱʳǻͳ죬ѾǣĨȥĹͣ
˵գ΢΢תģӵ¶ַ֮
ɫƽƵһ΢Цַ㣬ҪʲôҪ˵𡣡
šַŶ΢΢ͷ漴ĿתǣھΪɱңңĦԽ룬ʮʿѪɥĲҪҵأһҲ֡
ַĻ£ȺȫһھУΪɱַҵģΪϢ߶ҡ
£ַһͽ蹷ҧˣﲻΪš
ǳһȻܻϣ㣬ַҲ
ڿ˵ַ߶ңͽɷһַͣʱͽʲôʱ߶ң
ַ˵ʶǡ
߶Ѿǣɱʳǻͳɹ·Լɳ壬Χն̨ѵ𣿡
졣
ַŭһ͸ɱƺŭޱȣָųѪ
ǣ㣬Ϊѩ·ɱУֿĦԽţٳǣնɱоʮսоˣʱģѾβܻ˻ʳǣһͷ蹷һҧˡ
ڣ˵Ѿ㣬Ѿ˭ģĪģ˵˭Ѿ˭Ѿ
ַĿͱˣöһʱԣȺҲһûгǾţԡѪɱУɱĦԽʮõоˣʱľŸûвսʲôʸ˵֧Ѿ


0245 ʶ
ɫˮĮ˵ʳǣѩ֮ʥأ˽̤룬ǣʳҲΧɱʳǻͳɹ·ɳ壬˽ʳǣѾʲô
빫Ӷгǻعʳǵ;Уһ·ɱȫǾʿΪ֪ǹ£ɱѩµľţҵʣǷľţ
ôҵľšŭһæƲϵ
Ǿ͸ЦˣȻľţΪȷȫóѪŻʳǣȴأһҧַͽ˵֧Ѿ˼ھͽɱ𣿡
ַ߳˵öɫӲһַ㣬⼸仰˵ڳˣַǾʣ
Ȼǣʳǻͳɹ·Լɳνͣû˵ô򵥰ɡ
ɭ˵
ڻʳ֮£ɳ֪ǹ٣ϽʿżҪɱַһӸòɱ
𣬻Ӧɱ
丸ɹ·Ϊʳǻͳ죬ʱҲڳȴӺΪɱڸģŹǣɹ·壬òɱ
ַĮ
ɱ޿ɷַֻܳĻ
ԼҲ˵ɱ㣬ַ֧űǣʱѾ
ַЦĶŶǣֹŶ֣Ϊ˲˿࣬ǻʳǣ⼸˵ľżҲ죬ǸҶ֣֮ɡ
ߣǱǣȷйղţȴɱִʿӪѵ
㣬Ȼַ㶢Ŷǣ˵ɱУΪѩսȴܲȡ
ˣ
ɫѿַ㣬һε
üű⣬һشô⣬ƺһⶼûлشɡ
ַЦЦ˵һ漴ڣҺ;ŻǣΪβף˵ҺھΪξôŸҶ￴ַ㲻˳ˣУǵ֮ʱΪҪɱپǣҺ͹ڻػʳǵ·;˽ɱѩ¾ʿ֪ѩ֮ɱҺ͹Ƿ´
ַ⣬Ⱥͷ΢ⳡսıƺûеôء
⣬ңҲشҲмش𡣡
䵭˵ַΡ
شҲԣ֮У
Ŀ˸ţк޲ɱַ㣬֮ѹڣ˽֪ˡ
ңսʧܣʮʿѪùܣʧٶգѵ𣿡
İɡַ㵭Ц£漴ָŶĵҲڴ˵أϣĪҪ˵Ѳǡ
ҡӲͷƤ
Ǻǣ޳ܣ蹷ҧˣҵҲеַ֡Ц£̵ζΪԡ
ֻ仰ү˵ܣںδܵģľӪУүӪУ
ַЦʵڿǺö˶˵վĪҪǡ
ĿĶַ㣬촽ţȴĿ˵Ϊַ̹̹ʲôشǣԻֹ
ǵճ鴤£شҹϽӪС
ǻһ䣬ʱԶȺȻһƬڶǵľӪУྐྵˡ
ַͲˣȻбܣΪҪΪˣ㾹ִնɱҵһ
ַ˵޴ϵĿſ˶
͡
Χסն̨Ⱥŭһݣǣɫѿ˼¡
ʱ˿̣ѾնɱˣַͶҶĻع飬һжȻı仯ţƣҲʼһ㵹ˡ
Ϊ֮˧нûȷӪصİȫĦԽ֮пɳ֮Ȼ
˵û˵
ԭˡַЦ£ôַܺڳ׼ȥ׷ùˣȴһӪһס˵ҶԹͼı죬ҪıҪַүҲϵˣַһүģ
ַ꣬ʱ˶ǣȴĻش
˶֪սУ׷ʲô¼ʮʿɥ
һĬ
Ȼүү˵ɣ㵱ʱҲһ϶ַΪҪַ֪ȻʣǰֹүǣǿӢ޵УңڲɱͬʱĦԽ֣¼ʮʿɳ
ַ£Ŷǻ˵үַ˵ģҲǣ
䣡
ȺͷͲȻģףն׵ģȴ
ŭȳ
ȴַһЦһû˵أαؼŽƱ硣
ڲ߶֮󣬼ʮʿɥѩ´ضгǣһ֤ԭɱ֮ˣĦԽˣүľӪУȻ˽ӦͽҲַ㣬һҧַԹλ죬㣬˲֪үҪһ𣿡
ԭˣַˣĦԽӦǣȻΪ죬ĻҪɱַ㡣
࣬˵ġ
ͬԡѪԵУذܾ֣ٳǣʱүѾڻػʳǵ·ϣʳ֮˶֪ȻȽԼƲȻеͷϣȻѩ¶ҪɱҺ͹ʧ٣޶֤үɱˡҺ͹صʳǵĻὫһжͱүǣ룬ڻػʳǵ;нɱҺ͹ˡ
ַ˵ĬĻ˶²õЩˣܾܿǶǵˣ


0246 ݽ
ַ㣬ĪҪѪˣҶǺʱ˽ɱ͹Уڻɣַǽٳ˹ܵвŲòĻǼˣɴ෴ҧһڡ
ô˵ҪɱҵĽʲô϶£ֻ㹴ĦԽǳң¼ʮʿѪɺӣĻΪԡѪսȴĵˡ
ַ㵭Ŀ˵ȺֻͷһĦԽ
ַĻ̫ˣöǱնɱˡ
ͬͷһĶַ㣬ַ㣬ȻĦԽĻ˵ˡ
ַ㣬Ϊѩ¾Ϲᣬ㾹ҹĦԽ㡣
ǵϣһɱͷųҪַ
˵ĺãүȻ˵㹴ĦԽҪɱңҪҵôҾͲ˵㹴ĦԽֻ˵ӣңüʮʿѪºжΣնɱ˳ѪͳУгǵļʿ㡣
ַ˵漴ڽʿȵңܷˡ
𡭡
ܣ
ʿŭɱ죬һ̣ͻȻһĸоַС
áַһ漴ӵ£Ҳˣҽ˵Ҫɱң˵£ЩԡѪĽʿ޷ˡڣɱַ㣬ַҲԹ޻ڣҲԼͳ첻ҪҺڽʿԼĶԹ
ʼڳĬϴƵ֮ɫַ㣬ҲԾһַ㣬һϯǱȵû֮ûС
˿̣սľ棬սĻɺսַһȻռơ
ʱ˭˭ǣҲ޷㾹ѳˣҪҲģͿԼûɱˡ
ĵ˵˵ĿⶼһøģȻ˭ܲɱַ㣬ʵĬַˣԶԸˡ
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0247 µͳ
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0248 սҲս
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Ĵ˿̵ĿûͣǷâ¶ϮˣҶĦԽģĦԽ֮ˣᶯҶĦҲᶯûԤϵڹ;УǾҪַͶҶء
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ڴʱĵĿ̧𣬳Զȥ
£¡ɽȴ΢΢ҡͷãڴ˵ذɡ
ԶַӰϢżƮ֮⣬·ڣһ֮öĶ΢Щľ
ַ㣬ʲô磿
аһģ񿴲ַǳˣһζг֮УַƺѾɱ䡣
¡ֻƬַ̣ӰƮȻ̨̤ͤУŶ΢΢ͷ
ַ㣬
ĵ¶˺֮ɫ紺棬˷ǳ͵ĸо
ַͷɽ棬̤˼֣ûܵκεӣȻǶΪ
ַ˼֣ʲôҪԸ𣿡
ַ㿪ѯһ
ַ㣬غ˿⣬ǰֻлл㽫Ҷȫء
Ķַٱ漴֮
ַȡһֻûùľƱҲԼ˱ƣ봽ߣ£ǰʧ٣֮׷أַڡ
˵գַҲһ˼֮ƣһĸоٶ
оΣЦʵ
ȻҲ̫ƣҲ֪˼ƣѵһַЦŵ
֮ʱпҶЦЦĿַ㣬˵ַ㣬ãƺ񶼲̫һء
ַɫһЦ£˼ƣ˼ԴԺḡ˼Ӱ
ַ㣬ԺгİʥӰ֮⣬ȴǻһᣬ֮ᣬԼһַ㣬Ĳ֪Ļص
ɼϸַĴˣԺҲ˶ҶӰӡ
ңԺеһ䣬һĽӰ
ַЩƣˣȻܲ
ˣǵҲϹģַ㣬⼸ʽĲʱݳǽķء
ļַĬҲߴ٣ǻһ
ĩɣвþѩ֮ˣʱһݳһˡ
ַӦһȥأ͸ױּ壬ÿһ꣬ȥЩ岮ǰɡ
Ըּҵᡣ
ǺãղȥһѧԺ㡣ĵ
áַ΢΢ͷֵ£ַһˡ
˵ĵͷ
ֺҵĸס
ַ㻺ڣֺ˵˻ʳǣڻʳŪôĶȴģѶַϣͨҡ
㸸ףֺĳ£漴ͷãַ㣬±㽻ҡ
ַлˡ΢΢ͷַ㹰ֵǵû£ַȸˡ
ţȥɡĵ˵ͷûַ㡣
ַӰƮȻȥֱ߳˼֣˼⣬һʥİɫӰĵȴţַַ߳һ뿪


0251 Ϲ
һѧԺһУһƮȻ䣬
ƣһķҷɢÿһ䣬ġ
ŵ̨ͤһ˫ָңд˵¡
ַ㣬ϯضɵѧ
ʱַ㣬ۣƽ͡ϴһɳ֮һַǳĸоƺˣַˣַ㣬ڣпޣ˺һ
һƽƽ
ַ뵽ŵӣǽϵȺʦǰֲʵ
Ҳ䣬ɱ˲ۣĵָҷ
ַ㣬ͺضԷټƽǿʵַƽη֡
ã䣬ƽ̧ͷɷ·ڳ˯״ַ̬㣬Ŀһ˿ϧ֮ɫ
˺һ֮󣬼ûдﵽַ㣬䶼ṳ̂㣬Ѿ˺һ֮ǻԵҲǸ˵츳
Ƭַ̣һ˿΢Цܺ㣬˫ɾ۾͸˿˿
ַ㣬ԭɱΥ㱾ģӰΪ磬ˣҽȡԸ㵯࣬ѧᾲģϴг̤˺һ֮ҶҪǿȫͨԼȥ˼ȥȥȻأ㲻ҪҵҲԺľ谭
ƽڣ˺һ磬̫ˣ˺һľ֮ţǴַԺΪһƽڵ侳֮ǰˡ
һ侳ľ磬Ҫһѡ
ƽţûˣַܹ㣬̤˺һǱǿˣûС
ʦһѧ١
ַ΢Ц˵黭ַһĪĺøУ٣ܾġɱ˵١
ãԸѧȻҲԸ̣ң˺һľ磬ʺ٣裬ȻᳬԽҡ
ƽ΢΢һģַ㻹Ƿǳкøеģ츳ȴΪǫ꣬ްȴаǣңַ츳Ҳϧ
ܹһĵӣҲһ˸֮£ĳɾͻϣѧٵϣܹԽ
̽뻳ƽȡ鼮˦ʱЩ鼮ַƮȥ
ַֽӹȴƽַ㣬٣ҪѾҪˣҪ١٣⼸ףܼ򵥣УҲɱ֮ѧپǶ٣׵ĵطѯҡ
õġ
ַ΢΢ͷպ漴ƽһʦ뿪ˡ
ţȥɡ
ƽͷЦַ㣬˵߱ߣҲǷƽһֵõô뿪Ĵ̹㲻С֮ˣ෴ƽַ㣬̹̹
ַصһѧԺϢѾ¼ҲһѧԺ֮˴š
˶֪˴γ֮ʱһسĸѪڣַ֮ڣս֮ϣַ㣬ҲȷʵдԼĹԡ
һѧԺ̸ַ¼ҲڴַΪ
һѧԺֱλһѧԺϵıݵС
һλһѧԺ䳡ϡ
ص׵ԪŨʺңκ˶̤Ȼǰǣ㹻ʵռһҡ
˿̣䳡ΧȺΧ߶дڴ
һѧԺˣǶܹģˣֻĽķݡ
ϪǽһѧԺģʵ侳أʮѾǳһѧԺȴǺۡ
һ죬ܹվ۷壬ȥöá
ϪͷĶˣĿд֮ɫͬԪԪԽϣԪԽŨ
ңҪԪʯƽʱǳģվ棬Կһһ̤ҵʱʯڹرգԪʱȺ濴ͿõǼҷˣһ۾֪
ÿһ㣬ֻһҡ
ⲻκһϵλһѧԺеΪϪֻһˣΧ˺һϣгһգ̤У붥ˡ
ϪͱˡԱһŮЦΪǼ˵ŮˣǴ̤С
ǣϪϴζ˲Ƕ𣬲˳ɡһŮҲ˵ȴżַ֮⣬ƺǼʡ
ˣһѧԺʮģΪǿޱȡ
иһŽĹݣϪҡҡͷˣһǸϲַ㡣
ַ㡣ŮĿ΢иּ֮ɫҲ˵ϴѧԺսħʵǿһθ´󹦣һٳǣǿ꣬˴䣬ƺǲɡ
ţѪһ֮أ˵ѾصѧԺ
Ϫһ˿ЦݣһգַԼսħǷŵӰĥļ䣬񣬰˫
׳ա˵Щ̶Ů³һЩĮַ㱻Σͺħս侳صΪˣѧԺĴӣǰ侳أ˵ģļңģַ㣬ܹȣңˣж¼壬Ӵ󡣡
Ϫ˵һҹŮ˶ˣ˵ܵõĪĶݡ
ҪȥȥһҹŮ˰ɡϪüԵЩá
֪ôҪǶܿңҵǲ⡣˵̱ŮЦ
ģ
ڴʱһϷʵŮĿһͣ漴תǱ㿴һӰ
ˣ
ʱ˵ĿϪϣһĨϷ֮ɫַ㣬ƥѣʲôʸұȣ㾹ȻῴϹۡ


0252 
ϪֵӰСȫ͸ŽڹĽ
ˣ֮ĺŹӵܡ
Ҳ˵ַ¼ߵĶ˵ַȽϣϪôΪΪַ㡣
öкܲˬ˺ˣһѧԺ˷֮ˣ֮ˣûһģǵڶԼ°ѩһֱΪԼǶҪ
ַ㣬ƲַȣǶһ衣
ƾʲôܺȣҿǲַ㡣
Ϫַ㣬Ŷ˺һ
졣
ģ
һϪԴһᣬסԼ˦һ⣬˦ˣǶˣǿ̱Ůͬ顣
Ϫұ죬ˣַܱȵģڶµǰַǷһĲֵ
ǿ̱Ů˵ļᣬĮղһҲǺ顣
˿һĻ¶һ˿ǳЦûǰַǷһĲֵ
ʱھǵİԶһӰվǣͷǸ
꣬ȻǶ̸۵ַ㡣
Ŀ⻺תַ㿴˵ˣ˵׼ٱչһΣأݳǵģ·;Ув̸¶ˣҲΪִ
ַǵִܣҲȥ֤ʲô̸˺ܶ࣬ܽжУ˳Ȼ
ʱȴһ޹ŮΪԼ˦⡢裬üͷ
ϪҹҪҵŮˣһҹŮˣԺһʶҲ׷㡣
˸߰ĿϪĮӵĿ⣬ЦҪŮˣһβ׾٣ϪԼ⣬ǸӣȻװ˵ַ㣬Ȼˣǽҹúһ
㡭
ϪĿһųªҪԼһҹŮˣԼܵĪĶݳţòҪˣŮУǿ̤ġ
ʵҲȷˣԶ˵ݣһЩŮ⣬ˣǿ̤ģֻҪˡ
㲻ӦźģɾͲֻҶһˡ
һĨаЦϪɫһٱ䣬΢΢Щ԰ףöĵˣƫƫо
֮侳Ϊƾʵˣ׵Ū֮С
Ϫ¸źĻᣬĸҪ
ǿ̱Ůֿ˵͸ż֮⡣
ϪɫԲ԰ףҪöһҹȻĸҪҪ
ᣬܼ˵زҲһ⡣
һĮǿ̱ŮĿ΢Ŀһת漴㿴һ꣬ü˭˵
ϴûпַħսϵַ㡣
㣬ﻹĸŮӷ𣿡
ַܷ̣ԸŮˣΨб̱
̱ŮӵɫһϪĿ˸˿˿ʣĿǰꡣ
ַ㣬Ȼַ㡣
ַ㣬ȻʱˣҰ˵
ôյĲӰַ㣬˼䣬ü͸Ӣ
ͬüҲϵַ㣬һκħַһսȻ䶯ϵ˼ˣǹϵ֮ˣԺħһмһˡ
£Ҳҹܣ
˵Į˵һһ˿Ϸ֮ɫ
ַ㵭ĮĿ˶һۣ漴ҡҡͷƺмһˣʶԼȴڱԼʾĸ߹󣬶ˣַ㿴
ǿ̱ŮӣַźһҹоǸǱ˸ӣҿ㣬ź˰ɣ㸣治
ַûΣΧ۵Ⱥʱǿ̱ŮӵϣĿ˿˿̵Цݣǻȷ˵ĺܲҪ
ڸ˵
˼ַ㾹ȻԼ亮ˣεȵλַ㵱Ⱥӵˡ
Ŀ⵭תַ㿴ˣʶ㣿
һЦҵȻʶ㣬Ҳ֪˭ɣ֪ҵˣû˸ôҵģʲô֣
㵹ǽԼĺܸߡַЦֻǣôҡĴԼȻܲʶˣȴܲɵ֣ˡ
ţַ㣬֪Ƕˣš
Ȼ֪˭ôҲӦҵֶΰɣԼ죬ߵҵûз
͸˿˿⣬ַѹȹȥ̹ǣһĨЦϵɢֻҪͷһƣַˡ
ȻַȴƽվǣһĮϢûĿаı仯Ƶַ㣬ƺûиоϵ⡣
Լ죿ߵ
ַŲ̧𣬻ĳŶȥһĻöɫ΢ϵĮϢԽԽԡ
ƣԲҪóô
ַŲɣеһΧȺȫһÿļһȻö˲Ҫۡ
һЩϵȺ˸ŵâַ㣬ǽϵˣȻϵãַ㣬ҪϵĶһսܲ˷ܡ
Բѡ
˱˵ϣһɸΪԵϢϣһ㵭İɫ⻪ԪĹ⻪
˵ˣ㲻Ҫóۡ
ַڿռһԵ䣬ĽŲȻһ磬ʱһױȵĽ
ַϣһɽֱˣ·һޱȷĽ
ȺģȻĲ£ơÿֲ
ַ㣬ǵͺħһսַ


0253 Ű
˵ģҲݺݵսˣ𾪵Ŀַ㡣
ôᣬôܻôǿЩַ㣬ûмᣬ˿̽ţ޼᲻֮ơ
һѧԺû
ڶͬʱַĽŲ˲Ϣ絽ǰ硣
˺һɲڽ֮ϣַͬҲһ磬ڣεѸݡ
ģ
һޱĶ𣬶˵ֱӱ˦˳ȥϳһָӡۡ
ȺĿȫһÿ£侳صǿڣһѧԺˣȻַһжӲסһƣֱӾ˦ϡ
ǿ̱Ůӣɫͬޱȣ죬·ʲô˼㡣
ǿˣͱַ˦˶⣬ˣ˭
Ϫȴַ㣬˵ŵȻ
һ˦˵Ķ⣬һλܺħģֻһС
ã
ǽϵˣЩϵĲèֻ֪ҫʵϾһ
ȺȻ߶˵в١
ɫֲ·ڵѪĶַ㣺˭
ңַָԼ漴ĮĵǷһĲֵȵʸûеķ
ַϷʵŷ̵ζϪһ̲סЦַǷˣʲô
һʱûзӦȴȺЦЦˣ˵ȵʸûУվǰ֪һ˦˳ȥǻңûжԶԶ
̵ö˵һɫѿ
ַ㣡
Щ̵Ǻ⣬˦֮ˣַ㣬ղŻ˵ûʸȵַ㣡
ǿ̱Ůͬһַ㣬ַ㡣
ԭȶǿôࡣ
Ϊ
Įвһ漴ת׼ȥȷûټˡ
ȵȣ
һĮö˵ĽŲһ٣漴תĮĿַ㡣
ôߣַĿϷʣ˵
ҪΣɫһַ㣬ѵҶΣ
ղҪ˦⣬ߵ㷢Լңô׵뿪ַЩΣңʲôˣ
ַĻȺ¶Ȥ֮ɫַ㣬׼ζԸˡ
ղŵĻ˦⣬ءߵס
ַͻأı䣬ϵЦʧȡ֮ģǽķ
ҪԼ˦Լ⣬ߵͷЩԼĶ䣬ַ㣬Ҫ
ҵĻ˵Ҳǰ˵Լּ򵥵㡣
һַĽŲȻһ磬Ӱ̼ʧûκεԥֱӶ֡
ͷһÿĶֻ˲䣬ַ㣬͵ǰһָ̳
ָ⣬н¡
ִټȭͷֵŰһĲҽ˵ɫ˲԰ףȭͷֱַָӴ̴ˡ
ģ
ٶȴַİƣֱ˦˶˵ϣ˵
ġġ
һĶ˷ȺȫסˣĿַ㲻ϵ˦Ŷ˵ͷоЩ䣬Žˣ
ڶ˱ˣ˿Ѿ׵ˣȻַ˵Ū˵棬˦⡣
ȻҪԶ֣ҪһЩϢġ
ַĻ£һ˫ϥ˵ϣַǰޱȵı΢ǰĽȣ̫ˡ
Ⱥͷ񺹲ֹһÿ
ȵʸûУڣǰʲôַ㸩ŵϵĶˣĮ˵̤侳صĶˣ˺һǰͲһ
ַ㣬侳ǿߣս
˵ͷ޾ԹޣȻ˿̣һֱֻӹ°ͣ漴һַ³

ַһ£˵Ҳ˳ȥ
ûٿԷַĿתϪЦҪδ⶯֡
ַеȻǿ̱Ůӣʱǿ̱Ůɫһ΢΢š
ֻϪĿһ̵ۣĵˣԸ
Ǳ˰ɣҲԸ
ַЦˣ漴ָĵĲ㣬ǿŵģڶ˵ĵ̡
ȥΣ
Ϫһַ㣬ĵ϶ϲȥ
Ұ㡣
ַЦ£ϪֱۣŲǰһ磬漴̤棬ַ壬ƽգֱӰ
Ϫһ۾ϣ֮ʱͷԼȻڿз裬ģɵȻţԵĿӰУܰ
ÿֲ
Ⱥ𾪵Ŀַˣƽգ̫ǿˡ
յУַ޴Ųֱһ̤һεĲ漴Ϫˣһʸֱ˼׸ߵĲ㡣
ŵϵ΢СȺϪоЩλã·ǰһжʵġ
ȥúɡ
ַϪ͵һЦ漴Ųٶһ̤ٶϣĵ㣬ֱӲС
ĵҲûˣڰɱʰѩַȻ˼ʲô
ڶ͵һû˵Ļַ̤롣
ϪǰʧӰȻ߲ûе˷ܣ෴˿̵дŨŨʧ䡣
վһΣǷŵӰУֻǹͣ˵㣬Ҳֻվڵϣչ߷ɡ
Ϫ֪˿ڵ֮ϣһˣŮ΢ЩĽϪȥĸ߲㣬֮ء
ǿ̱ŮӣʱУúڡ
ȺҲ¶ͬɫַ㣬ƺѾûʲô赲ˡ
һУַ㲢û˼ȥᣬ˿̵رңĸԺμ䣬ǿµļ䣡


0254 ݳ
лԲ֮꣬ÿһƲл
ַоμ䷢֣ǰǿĹ似в֮ҪԲлΪлǿǿһУһЩҿǿ
ˣַڷ¾;л
ҪлҪǸڣܹĸоĴڣӡ̣һ֮䣬ͿԵԼꡣ
һѣڲлйۻ֮ꡢꡣ
ټַ˺һԼǿԣֻ˶̶̼ʱ䣬ۻ֮޳ɡ
ַ㲢֪ߵõлʱʱ䣬ۻ꣬˺һĿֲԼǿĺô
ʱַԺУһõӰӺԼںһ𣬷·һźڰԼһźӰ·ĸԴʡ
꣬ǰַȥ꣬ˣ̤֮󣬾Ȼ궼ܿңԶ
лڶƻ֮Ǹ꣬⣬꣬꣬ΪٿأĻܵ꣬ãкá
˵һĸһַԸ򵥣׾ٵľƻ꣬Լ⡣
ǲлĹؼл꣬Բꡣ
һǰͬлյĿľǲл꣬ѣһֹģ֮ʱֳһơƣˣȴԽֳǧƣмµĿֲڣл껯޾Ҳǳǿ
ַϥǣ޵Ŀռ֮УһӰƯǣܸоӰĻ֣ᷢӰַһģһַꡣ
ʱַ˿漴нӡ֮¶ͬʱͺһѣ
£һε˺ѵʹַ˲ݺݵĳ鴤¡
ʹַʹַ࣬ѵʱйһ˿ʹֱ˹ȥ
˿ַ̣һθоʹ࣬ꡣ
еַ֮Ӱţ·һƺɫӡǣźӰзѶһַ̣㵹һо˻˻죬ʹò
ڣһ걻ѶƯڿգֻһ΢С˿ߣַĲлꡣ
ð亹ַǸһ˿εĿЦлͱҪз˵־ֻǷֳһƲл꣬ͶлľηˣЩ־ȥ̫ʹˣҪǧл꣬ͱǧʹ࣬ңһÿζܳɹ˵һΪܲסʹ౻;
ֱ̬Բ֮Ψд־߲ɣ־ǿһξܽĥ
ַһǷֳһƲлƯƶҿԺںϡ롣
ƽĺ˼ΣַԼľ漴һݣٶȸ꣬׼ѵڶꡣ
ΪǿʵΪݾвκεĿѣԳܡ
Ψд־ߣгĳɾͣܲȥ׷ļ¡
ǿŭʬŭȻ裬ս֮ʱֵĺīԼƽˣüʮֹͣս׾һսĳɰܣһ֣ӡɱһңʬҰ
ǿַ㣬ҪǿȥնƵأ˭ҡɱ˭
ʱ䣬ڲ֪жȹ˿棬ڴ˾ĵȴš
У˻֮ˡ
񣬲ѾʽַѪ֮λһݳǣַ㣬ȴڱչ޷ܲ⡣
ȴûߣҲûдַ㣬ֻǾվ·ƽĵȴţûŭ⡢ûв
һѧԺҲ¶ˣаԾѾһѧԺˣ˾ַ㼸죬ַ㣬ôӡ
֮ˣҴԸȴַʱ궼֪
ͷĸ߲㣬ʱǷյĵ㣬ԵʯͻأĶĳԱ˵Ŀ΢΢һ
һӰпֱճŵ弱ٵ׹䣬֮ʱһ޵Ϣӿ׹֮жƽȽ䡣
һϮŽַ㡣
ǻʳ֮˿ַ΢Цǰȥַ㣬ҴĲӴˣݳǵˡ
˵ţ˴еݹһҳϽַ֮㡣
鷳ˡ
ַ㽫֮ӹ£һϵĴ֣ΪѪݳǡ
ÿҵѾɣˡ
Ц˵һ漴תƮȻȥȴַ㼸գΪ˽ַֽ㣬һֳ⡣
ַ㽫Ŀ¶˿˿ЦݣһתһϣȻǶˣĿɭֲ
ձַص壬Ҫɱַ㣬ȴ֣ԺҪַͻ
ַ㣬Ѿӡ˶֣Ҫɱַ㣬Ҫһ¶ӵ¡
ޣȴΣûм֧֣Լɱַ㡣
ַ̧ͷһĵĲ㣬ʯɽţϪӦû
ˣʲô£ұɱ㡣
һɱ⣬ö˵Ŀ΢ϱ֣䣬ַһ仰ÿ亮ѹϡ
˵ɫѿޱȣȷǴúŰϪȻַ㣬ȴвңַв޿κΣֳ裬ö˸оϻģ˶ڿЦ
סҵĻ
ַĮ˵һ漴Ųֱ뿪ؽûݳˡ


0255 
ŵ֮ϣƥۣһƥƥ֮ϣһŮ
ֻ۳ڴмŮӣһɫۣӢˣΪޣУ͸żƽ֮⡣
ܷܷ˴λݳǣܴʣ֮ˣΪ
ʱһɫ۵Ů˵Ŀ͸ż˷֮⣬꣬Ȼֺꡣ
ֺԱߵĻɫŮãּܷҶΪܷ
ܷһǰ˼ֳϵʸԷǷ
һ꣬ڻʳǣֻһʱ䣬ʹ侳һصľ磬侳أ츳Բ˵УҲ˷ǳĺˮܷϣΪܹ֮˵ĴڣĽϸҪԼϵıǿ
磬ҲݳǵӣûĶܷ֡ƽ˵һڷзֺǸһĨǳǳЦݣõһΪ½磬εȵҫ֮£彫Ϊ
ܷܷ㣬һǲ˺ܶࡣֺЦ˵ܷ츳ȷʵ⵱ǿ࣬ңð˴еĴӶ⣬ĽͽᣬЩǲˣѩʥԺˣһ츳ֺǿĸԸĸţӣ̫
ܷûж˵ʲôּ֪ңһ޷ϵˡ
ַ㣬ּҷּķһμʵǿޱȣôòַ㣬Ӧøǿ˰ɡ
ַݽ֮£ܷ֪ʱΪ˻ݳǣֺһչһʱ䣬Ϊܹڻݳ֮ʱʵǿһЩ
մӱչнܷӱޣݳǡ
ͬһŵ֮ϣͬĻɫӰ̤ӻʳǳϸݳǡ
￴һԵ꣬ϴһ˿͵Ц⡣
£ллԸһݳǡ
Ŀ˸Ű⣬ʳǶ¼֮ˣӵܣ񣬶ҶʵҲǳǿˡ
Ѿ˶֮ãһֱĬĬŮˣȴһֱû֣⣬ܹΪŮˣֵý֮¡
Ȼݳǳǧ𣬵һСǵĳ͹ȣϰСۣ֪ԶԷݣԸһݳһˣĪҫҲзǳж
ôã˵ֵġ
ƽϲϲ֮ɫ֣һֱõġ
ݣ
еĳ˦ɱӭķöĳͻɫȹ˿ģҲڱۡ
ּҡܷҿκҶ
¶һ˿ŨŨڴ֮⣬˴λݳжͬǿ϶𾪰ɡ
ʱܷһ緢ǶΪһεݳǣǶʣǻΪһ޶ǡ
ܷﲢ֪Ѿ̤ǰݳǵĹ;֮ʱʳǣƥ񿥵ԣ̤
ƥ񿥵ϣֱһӰһСһŮ
ӣ㿡ʣɾˬɷŮӣʤѩǣһ飬ɾ¡
ǰããŵַͷһǣ޳µʱɿţûԤϵµĹ켣εת
ǵһǰ͸ףּң֮ݳдʣ漴صš
صƺڣȴģȴţƺڣ¾ַ㲻òԶ߻ʳǣ̤ѩµʥأУδ
һʱȥ׷ôļִ͡ţȻ̬ȴ͵ȫͬˣһ̫꣬࣬磬ҲϤ̫ࡣ
һԽ֮ˣȫ磬侳Ϊ˺һ֮磬ƣ츳֮ǿ𾪡
һԵ飬ַ¶˿˿Ц⣬ʱΨʥӵŮˣһֱĬĬңԹ޻ڣֻĬĬΪţÿһ£ֻΪַ㣬飬·ġ
оַĿ⣬һ˿ĲȻĿ˸£ǰĲãôİ˪ɽŮ
飬ǵǵһ𣿡
ַЦһ΢ĵ˵ͷȻǵá
ұǴһһƥ
ַһ˿ЦݣȻһԾնһ磬ֱ
˻һǰ΢΢һ㣬ַ˳Ʊס壬ˣһ
һ£ַһ
ɡ
ַˬʵһЦס֣΢΢£ʱ̤񱼶
紥ɿܵŵţз˿˿ûеִôϣżпַĻС
ܰУżһ˿ů

ݳǣ֮һƬ̵ɽ֮أȺɽм䣬Ӱʯɽš
Ⱥˣһɷսֻڶ
ɽ뵱УɫѪѪ
Ⱥɽɽһ±֮ϣһӰվ棬ŷĸоޡƮ졣
ôã˵ȻſһĵâŶټӡŵľ޴֣Եޱϡ
磡
ͺһƮ졢ӰΣһ貵Ĺ⻪ڿš
꣡
һ죬Զ±ڣһʯӦѣֱնϣ֮⻪

Ե¶һ˿֮ɫĿԶ漴Ŀ⵱УˡһƬ̵ɽɳ۶
ˡ
ӰԵϵݣһ˿Ц⣬ǹѪ֮ƬɽѾ˲ʱˣʱ׼פݳǣ


0256 
֮գݳһƬϲ죬ҲϤգݳǣࡣ
ݳǳ֮ϣһӰ׶ݡ
ųǵУ֮ﲻϵĵʲô
˵ûУּҵ֮Ůܷˣܷ˲ãѩʥԺĵӣ߸ϣʵѾȼһЩ϶Ҫǿˣң߻һЩѩʥԺŸ棬ʵ˲𡣡
һ˶Եѵ¶Ľ֮ɫܷ̫ˣΪּ⣬ּҵָտɴ
ǺǣΣѵû˵֮գ۴ݳеλ𣬶ңּҲܵ룬ۣǹģΪŮһ֮һ֮¡֮ϣˣ붼ġ
Ա֮йâ˸䣬ѩ¹Ǹ߸ϲһҽʶ˹֮ԺңԻڴˡ
ҺּңҪˣҲΣֻ׸Ƶķݡ
ԣȥݳǻ䣬ܷͺˣ˸Ԫ껣ǿ󣬶ˣַ㣬ּӣ֪ôˡ
ַ㣿ΣûκˣѾܷ˦˰ɣʹûб˦ܷĵλҲԶԶܹˡ
ҡͷ̾Ϣݳǻ䣬ҫ۵˲ܷҲޱַ꣬㡣
ѾѶѾҲ˵ȻΣ˭Ҳ
ʱܶ˶̸ܷݳǵλ֮Ůÿε֮ʱͻΪݳص۵Ļ⣬ǽǶָݳǴµ𺳡
ż䣬ݳǵĴҲַ֣ڲ䱻
䡢䡭
ʱԶһ֮Уƺ֮ƺ
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Ⱥеݳţû쳣
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ĤдĲ֮ԽԽ죬˵ĽŲ΢΢ͣʼ
ңʱ߹ԽԽ棬΢΢Щ
Ŀһݳǵĳ֮⣬Զ·һųſо𣬳̹
ô£
ͷһƵĲôĳ֮ġ
һɫӰӡУɫףɫսɷ죬һε쫷磬ٵĳݳǵķӡ
ˡˡ
ݳǳ֮ϣЩվڸߴǰһ޼ʵĳɫӰǵģ͵
š⾹Ȼһ֧ţѵصĿֲţ
ЩһοɷǿӴľţǵģᵽɤۡ
ǣԶľԽԽݳǳеȺҲ
Ȼһ޼ʵǼδǿ·ҪƷ
¡¡أĿⶼǣݳǣôһ֧ţ
졢سţź
죬󿪳ţ˭ҹɱ
һӳŭһ쵰ĪҪɣسţޱ޼ʵֻҪһ棬ܽݳǵĳ̤ɷ飬ҪǼŭЩˣǣһҹسš
֮˿ݳǳϵûһľսģһŵɫҰףûˣ˺嫣ǿݡ
ݣӦóսϲŶԣȴݳǣСǡ
졢ȥ㡣ʿһԵЩ֪ˣΨһ뵽ģҳۡ
ǡкü˻ֱˣ˿̣˭Ը֧߲ƣڴ˵أɾ
Ȼǿڿݳ֮ʱٶȴĽУݳǳ֮ͣ£ûǡ
ľţȻֻǾĴһȵɷ죬ݳǳ֮ԼŵȺǺ٣ҪϢĸо
̫ˣɫסɫսһĻȺĳ̫ǿˡ
Ǵû뵽һգܼһ֧š
ʱ֧ŵУһӰսͷų֮ϵȵţݳǣǳѪ֮أӽݳǵһУڳѪͳ죬ڣݳǵĳӭӡ
ѪѪͳ죬磬ݳǵĳӭӣԷȷʸ
ԭݳǾ˳ѪķأҲ֪ѪǺηʥ
Ⱥ΢ɳЩȻݳǳѪķأôԷ϶̤ݳˣ֧ǿľţ߲ơ
ȥȥг
ǳӳԻڷĻ˵ľګĵ˵ͷ漴ųķ񱼶ȥûѪͳ켸ֻ֣֪ԷƺҪӭӡ
У¶֮أһϯڷǣ֮գۣһδݳǵĺŹ壬ȴûּңɺ֡
ʱྴƣ˼۴Ժϵĺ
ˡˡ
ʱæȺ´ϣ۵üͷҲ壬Ŀת漴Ǳ㿴һæı
ˣݳǳ⣬һ֧Ĵ
ϲϵкˮ䣬˵ȺĿ΢΢һݳ⣬д
ʱһӰ߼ٱ
վסۺһҲΪ֧ʲô
ǣó˳ӭӡ
󵽵ػ˵۵üͷĿ¶˼ɫ
밲л
ʱһĮֻλ֮ϵĶһĨŭɫ뺨˴ˣңҪȥӭӣöоûӣȻ˭ģҪĹ밲л
˶һǹ֮󣬾ǻʱȴ˵öԷ밲л
Ŀһ̣ǡ
ûʲôǵģǹл˵Ҷ˵ģ򣬺Ը
վһâȵ
ĿһĿŶԷеı亮âֻܵͷǣ
˵գ뿪ˡ
ˣҼĪҪˡ۶Ⱥٱ΢Ц˵
˶ٱͣһƬЦԼλãĿƽССݳǣʲôǰҪԹԾͷл


0257 
Ѫڳ֮⾲ĵȺš
ʱӳæ¥֮ϣһ޼ʵĳѪ̲ס
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оЩɬ˵ǹȥлЩ˻᲻ɱԼ
˵
ͻأģһޱȰԵĶĤһ漴ۺ˵ǹȥл
һֻһɣظ֮ϵˣȴȫĿһĻ쵰ô˵ġѪ£漴һɳɷ۶ɣ쫷磬ɨ֮ˣȺֻ̹ǡ
䡢ɷ̫ˣ嶼÷
ַ֮ϣ㻺ǰ߶ţۣô֣
֮µ¶һЦ⣬ַ㵭˵ǰǵšлȥ
ǣһ֮ģǹָݳǡ
ַ󣬵ŵԼ֮˶ˣлＸ֣ȴǸоЩ䣬֮ˣӦþǿгѪͳɣ磬һ䵭Ļ
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ǿľţľţΪλݳǣ
ݳ֮жʣЩۼԼǰȺҲ̫ˡɷ죬ֻǴԹ˫ȷЩƶƶ
УһƬʢޱȡ
ڴʱأ·΢΢ó̸Ц֮Ŀ΢üͷ塣
漴ﱼڵϴϢ
ô£
ôˣ
һȺһվĿ̣ôĶʲôˣ
üͷҲ壬ĿķĿ¶˼֮ɫ
ףаɣжڣǼˣҲлˡ
￴üЦ˵εݣһ֧Сš
š
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˶ԸͣȴЩģôôоһԶϵƮ·ǣɷ
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¡
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˷ۡǰһж˲ݻٵκ赲֮Զҷ
̤ű֮̤Уһ޼ʣȴޱȣûаҵĸо
Щ˿̳׵ıûս֮Уһǵ߻վһ·ʱܱ̤޾ȴ׼ȷޱȵĻûǷֺֻǲϵǿ־ţš
׵Ⱥźţǿľţŵûɢ
޴Ŀյ֮ϣĻЦֹͣˣǱûûЦó
ȺվǲϵӡǸоʮ궼Ҳģݺݵսš
Ѫţֻһ֧ޱǿѪţܹ״ݻһеľš
ЩϵȺֻҪһۣǵĶݺݵĲ
ЩУһӹ֣ȫǾ񣬶һ֧֮ݳǣǵǰ
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ûһˣܹ߳ȥ
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ۣҲ΢΢һ֧ǿľţл
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Ⱥͷһѹ֣ɫսɫף֧ţȻǿĳѪ
ûĿ⣬ͷ·ǿһС㣬öһ⣬оûӡ
ڲǰǰºڣݡ
ǵͳ˭ҡ
ٶȺȵȻ˿Ҳо˿˿ڶ¼ҵĽöµ
ң˶ԼҲޱȡݣóѪǰл˿̣ô
վ˶ԣĿȺˣио˿˿¼ңû˸ҵѪﶼУˡ
Ǻôĵӣ˽
ǳһŮкܵϣȻη壬Ϊԣվڶ¼ҵˡ
ôĵӣ
ַĿһ˿Ϸʵɫǰ˳ͭߣĿ⣬˶۵ϡ
ݳǳۣҪţл
۵Ŀһַ㣬ôʶ
üͷšһţȴٶȺȵڸ˵û𣿡
ַ㿴˶һۣһļһ֪
ʲô
ַǳһ˵һ
ĿҲͬһֻͣ޹⣬У˸
ն£
˵ַһ˿ɫ£
ѹָоЩϤͶˣм񡢿Ŷַ֮ͭµ¶һĨЦ
Σ
ʳǶ¼ҵĶ¡
֮ҡҲˣ
ڣҿԽ֮µûз
֣֮ɫ֮ϡ
֮ңַһͷĮĿŶֻͷ­ӵĸ߰û֮ңϡ
նһֱۡ
ַĿ̧𣬵ĮͻƬռ䣬ͻأһ


0258 
նһֱۣ
ƽȴ˵Ŀȫסˡ
ַ㣬Ҫնһֱۣ
֮Ҳնһֱۣ
ҲԺ£ʲô˵Լ֮Ϊַַ֮㿴ûпһۣȻƽ˵һ䣬նһֱۡ
ƽȴȺķˡ
˵ʲôĿҲ£漴ַ㣬˵ˣĽ
ڵ֪дݳ֮ʱȫˣΨ˶ûУƽޱȣ֧
Ժ뿴֧ŵ龰ʱôĹ٣ôҫûпѪͳ죬ȷˣȴлġ
ҪնҵֱۣĮ˵͸һɱ֮ͬʱһѪ֮˲ϴŨİԵ֮
ն
ַһԵһԾ˳һĨ貵⻪һţ˸һ£ֳ׵ʧµģڿзɽѪ
ռ䶼ͣƬ̣˵Ŀ⣬ȫڿеѪͷݺݵĲš
նˣնˣ
ûκεԥѪͳֱն
£ֱӳ֣һĨ⣬貶ҫۣӡȺԺУ޷Ĩȥ

ռͣƬ̣ŷһЦݣһָֻԼնϵֱۣɫҰֽû˿Ѫɫ
ԵǴĿһĻʧɫƯɷףıնֱۣ
ˣ
ͷݺݵĳ鴤£׵ˣңնֱۣΣҳܲ
ôĿŨҵɱ⣬̧ͷַ㣬ͭߵĳѪͳ졣
ʱַҲ֮ͬ˵ƽƽûа㲨
Ҫң
ַ㵭Į˵һ۵Ŀһʶַ㣬նۣſ񣬻
˿ĳۡǱһ֧˵ľΧסֻҪַһ£ңҷ
ۣȻ˳˶˼ַԵЩ̡
˳Ѫͳ죬һͳȻһУֻΪ̫Ŷˣ֮󣬺ε硣
ֻû뵽ͳ죬֮Ҳնֱۣ˵նն
˭
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һҪҲַ㣬Ŀ񶾡
ϣַ֪֮һ˿Ϸʣ˵һĿٶ˶ϣˣʲôϵ
ţĿһֳַ㾹Ȼ֪Ҷҡ
˿̵Լ˿ڣ岻ϵĳ鴤š
ֳȻһûжٽȴĿһУ׳ա
ַ㵭˵һֳѵûи㣬ǰһѧԺ˦⣬ǰ𣿡
ݺݵĲ£ַ㣬һ˿Ȼɫ
Ȼ
뵽ġѪͳ죬ݳǣӦ뵽ġ
ֻǣΪԺеĳѪţӦڶгǲŶԣʱͻȻݳǣһʱûŪף˿֪ѪţûлضгǣǺ½ĳѪͳݳǣСǡ
ַ㣬һٳǡǧȹʳǣǧһ֮ʾңŶǵ棬նɱĶӶκݽݳǡ
ַ㣬ǴУûη֣£ҵɱӣַ㣬ʲôģ
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ȺҲע⵽ַĳĬĿȫһַ㣬˦˶Ķ⣿öĸڵϣ
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ۿĬ΢Ĳ£ȻĬ
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ʵȴû漴ſЦ
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˿̵ĶԵЩ񲣬Ϊַûа취ʵַаʸûУ类ַŰȴѡĬ
ŴŰ嶼Ĭգֱۣװ׶ˣܲ𡢡Ѫͳ죬Ĵ
ܴľţȻ˲𣬿֪˭ˣȴǲ𡣡
ȺķӦаң군ˡ
ղŻޱȵĶնֱۣ˵ʲôȴַ㣬׵군ˡ

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˿̵˾ͶκƲϵ֮ܳꡣ
ۣұҲѪݳǣݳǣȴҹð磡ַĮĿڣͷš
˵˵ۣõ
ַ㻰³ݺݵһݳǣԭˣȻԼصģۣҪַ˴˿ַõ
۳Ĭԣȴַ㿴ˣĮʵ˵˵ۣõ
ɫ΢ַĿ⣬˸
˭һڣɱ
ַ˵һ䣬ʱ˺۴治ɱ
˻һɫһĶˣˣǰƴķʱȴ˵ɱúݶ
ԣۣһҪɱ
ûɱ
ȺһŻش𣬾±ȱһַƽЦ⣬۵ϣˣ˵ɱ
ַܵϵһĨɱۿַ㣬˫ƽһϤ֮С
ʶң㵽˭ĿĶַ㣬ͻȻʶַ㣬ǳġ
ַ֪ƽĿһ˿Ц˵һ
롣۵ͷȻ롣
Ǻã㿴ˡ
ַЦ£˫ַ֮ͭϣĽһݣ۵Ŀ⵱УͬʱҲȺС
һ̣ռţûа


0259 Բ
ַ㣡
ַ㣬Ȼַ㣡
¡һȺĿ͵ĲѪͳ죬Ȼַ㣬գݳǻ֮ո¶ͷǣԼּݣϳݳǵַ㡣
ȥݳǻ䣬ݳͷ˶۵ˣ˿︰ˣҲݳǵĺŹ壬ǵȻʶַ㣬ݵꡣ
û뵽ݳǣͭߣЯѪǿѪͳ죬Ȼǵݵ꣬ͬһˡ
Σû뵽
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ۣͬݺݵ£ַ㣬Ѫͳ죬Ȼַ㣬ģֹ
գּķѾΪһֲʵĸоλá
Ȼ𾪵ˣΨˣַҿߵһɲǣͺݺݵĲ£漴ҧ촽ɫɷףĿĶĿݡ
ȥݳǻ䣬ΪǾԵǣݳǣΨܷᲢۣȴԶеԪ껳ַ֣Ĺԣʱɾãַ㣬ͬһεˣԳԽ
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һУΪ֧ѪŵĵΪӰ˵ȫΪַĵַ㣬׾٣ͻٵĽһС
ַ㣬ȶܱȣԶԶûʸַᲢۡ
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ҪĿ꣬Ŀɭޱȣַ㲻ĽֱۣԺΪԼ츳ۿۡ
˵ĿһһַУĿ⻷Ⱥһַۣиһ˿Ц
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Ҫô
ۿַ㣬͸żεıձϲ֮գΪַĵһжˡ
ζ㣿ַЦһȥ꣬۳Ϊݳǳгл䣬ַսȡûյʤʱּҪŻΪٰ֮ˣûֹּҵΪĬˣҪַΪһˣŮŮĹԣԣҪ
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һˣұǿ»Ҫɱңǣңǿҵ˲в෴ǵƿҵС
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ѡ񲻣ֻʮϢʱ䣬ſ񡢺εȵİԵ
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ַûе뷨ֱۣʼ۵ɫҰףû뵽˻ɱҸѡǣҲѡ񲻡
ѡ񲻣ʲô۲ȥ룬ҲԸȥ롣

ߣ
תۼ䣬ʮϢʱͿҪ˵Ŀ⣬ȫ۵ϡ
Ҫ￴ĸףƴҡͷںڣڵԼԣΪַȥɱַ㣬ûеǼ£ҲͲнյĽ֡
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0260 һ
Ⱥۣ˿̵ԶϾ
ԲáݳǵĳַǰҪԲл
ڲǰ׼Ůǽַ
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ַ㣬˳֮⣬ԲãȻҳˣ޹ģŮϣԷŹ
³һ漴ŭһ巢ըѵ죬漴Ŀûɢµȥ
ݳǵۣΪַһ仰Բãǿ壬ַҪҲַһŭ֮¾
սַ㣬̫ʵûܹ赲˭ƺҪɱ˭
ۣΨһ
ӦӦҲԣմӦˣѡԲãϣܹȫˡ
ˣûгԹҿԷŹôˡ
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ְԵ洺磬ϵЦݷ·˻Цŵּҵĺ󱲸ڷܿޣܲ
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˴Σǲּ֪ҵĸ֮ۡ⣬һӰվſ֮أĿ㣬ɫƽ
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ַЦ£漴˸оһϴ漴ǵ۾ôģˣַ㣬ڸղǶݵ˲䣬ʧǵǰ̤˸ۡУһ㡣


0261 
ּҵڽţʱְԵĳֺһһλּӵܺ£ʱȺдһȲ֮
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һλּ½Ц˵ˬʵԶԶĴǳˣ
Уַ̤㣡
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ܷԼ֮䣬ּңѡܷΪ˶Ϊַܷ㣬ǰ;ĳɾ͸ߣּܴǰС
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0262 ɱַ
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ܷ̣ջ֮ʱַ˵Ŀһ츳ܷǿˣܷͲܸȣܷ侳Ϊ츳ַ㣬侳صľų϶һɱˣʵжǿܷǲܺȡ
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˭ǿľţΪγּҡ
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ǿľΧȦмƥﳬǰӦ֧ŵʱּҵȺ糱ˮ˱ÿЩˣΧս̨Χģת˲䣬ȴȫ˵ͬһַķ
Ψַһˣվս̨֮ϣֶǱǳǰʮƥġ
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ҲȺˣǿ˺ͬһģսĻֻҪһˣͿɱ
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ͳ죡
ռ䣬ôض΢΢£֧ţȫأߺͳ죬ǱȨȣĸԸ
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˿̣ˣȫϥأͬһּңս̨֮ϣ
Ѫ֮ȣ˲ȺĶĤʵǵģӵ𺳣ˣѪţֻһͳ졣
ĿĴûκӰգ˳ȺݵķǷ֣ˣǳּս̨صġ
һĻǵͫ͵¡
ܣԲܣȺĿնս̨֮ϵӰϣȻżѾ²⵽һЩȴû˸ҳϣҲԸϡ
΢öַŵĳĻ˻ַ֣㵭ĵɡ
ǣͳ죡
һȴʿͬʱվ
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ԺըһȺоԼ࣬ݺݵĲ£·Ҫ
ַ㣬ַ㣬Ȼַ㣡
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Ƿŵصּҵ꣬ꡣ
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źţְԵҲͬ޷ǰʵôܣͳ죬Ȼַ㣡
ͻȻʶʲôмᷢɫʲô
ַ㣬ּ̤ңҪּһ޴ġϲεľϲ
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ְԵһɫ˲ò԰ˣȫˣ


0264 
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һ֧ǿľţͬʱֻҪ˲䣬ͿԽּҸɱˣǣһϣ
̫ϳϣأһһϣڣʲô
ַ¶һ˿Цݣ̫ϳɫӲ촽΢Ĳţһ仰޷˵˿̵ľ棬ַƿ˵
̫ϳʵǿһоͽҸ׻ˣǸ壬ޱȣڣ̫ϳϴչĻᣬˡ
ַ𣬼ڣһգֺǿȺۣ˸ս̫ϳԵվ˳ˣ壬ݣַ㣬
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Ⱥôһ뷨ַûб壬ַƣּݳǣݳǣּҵģһֱּҵ룬ȡңȴܷϡ
ԭݳǾôֿɵãһ
ַ㣬Զԣνַͣ壬Ϲۡ
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ַһְԵһͣ˲һ⣬ϲϵӡ
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ܣְԵˣ̫ϳְԵĳôְܶ֡ԵԴǣȻȺʱ׷׵ͷ

ʱһŭȴְԵкһذֱӳȥѸݡңûа顣
ȺȫһְԵĻڶΪѾ֤αΪ˻ְԵûʲôֶβõġ
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ŭһְԵذ״̳˲䣬ϱһĺ֮Ŷǿ̹ǣ˪ڱְ֣ԵذԼذ׵֣˲䱻

һŭȣĺӡְԵǰְԵ嶼ǰ˪·Ҫ⡣
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ַЦְԵն֣ҲͬʱˣһְֱԵء
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ְԵҴ㲻㾹Ȼ͵ϮңôҲҲ
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ס
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һӣŰ˿ﻹ˵ʲôܷڣֻ
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ְԵΪıּҼ֮λֶΣֵУײϣȴ˱Ľ֡
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ְԵɱɱְԵǰеĳª¶˳
ַ㣬Ųһ磬ߵս̨֮ϣְַԵȡɱУַ㣬츳˳ڣҳϵԼϹۣգұһսɣˣһ
˵ĴȻַĿ⣬ȴûвֺϺȻϺ꣬˵ôΪ֮ģ̫ϳϣôȻû׻ļƣȴĮ㣬ɱְԵûаԥͿԿó
˵ôɷģʤˣ˵㳷ˣһ㲻ò
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ַ֣һɴһֳĺĲ֮С
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0265 ʧȥ
ڿзֱۣȺٴβ
ֻһǶûпΨн⣬ַ֣ǽˣҲһ޼᲻ݵĽ
̶һʱ䣬ַ㣬Ȼǿ󣬾̫ϳĶ֣һӲס
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ַ㣬ȴѾʵȺѪţǲ࣬޷Ĩƽľ޴ࡣ
ⱻּ꣬ѾּҵĤݡ
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͡͡
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ַĲ̫࣬ˣܱȡ
彻ַı໥ţַֻ㸺ֶĿȻƽ

һʹĲҽ֮о߿յģĲţ޷ͣ¡
ѪͣţȾŵ棬ģֱ۸ʹˣֱ۶նַ㲻ɱҲǸˡ
̫ϳϣգʵǿĿһУαΣΪΪҸ׵ļλҸףҸӶ壬ַҵʵǿеһУȻҪڣΪΪֱ۾Ͷֱۣɱɱ㡣
ַ㱳ʵΪ磬˭ǿ˭ӵлȨΪΪԼʵףӳ壬ַǿնֱۣ˭Σ
ϵ˭ͷ˭ɱ˭ɱ˭
ڵѪ˿̵г޾Թͣȴıţ˵ַһ䣬ַ˵磬˭ǿ˭ͿΪΪţͱҪ죬ʹٺַ㡣
ΪˣܱȳΪҪãʹˣҲԽϧ᲻
գ㲻ȴֱۣΪֻǷҵģڿԹˣʱҡ
ַ㵭Į˵ʲô̫ϳϣֻҪʵǿκݣƨ磬ֻʵ
΢תַһۣ漴ĽŲ̧𣬻뿪ӰįޱȣΪĴ˲ʹĴۡ
뿪ַ֮Ŀ⳯ſ̨ȥ˴ϺϵϣĮĿڣϡϣˣԷΪɣԶ֣پֱˡ
ַƽôϺϵɫҰףˣַ㣬ʼǽյĳԹˡ
ַ㡢ֺλзݣְԵһַ㣬ԷΪ
Զ뿪ޱӰͻȻſЦ漴ҵһƣֱӺԼϣƺһǲѪϵΪ
ϵţٳٲ϶֡
ϰɡ
м׳ң˵ϻһ˴һۣ漴ҲһԷΪ
ˣּҼְԵּүֺȻųϡ̫ϳϣ˫۱նϺϣ
ַĹһѪȷ硣
վս̨֮ϣַĿ⻷Ⱥ˵ˣҲгԹģҲһΣǺΪ֮ȻҲҸ𣬲
˵ɣַתս̨֮¿ȥ˻֣ʱѪͬʱ뻮һľţǣַ㣬֤ѩµʷҲͬƶʷ֡
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ַ㵭˵һȴڴʱһ
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˵֮˼ַĬһο˵ȺһƬţûַԸ£ܷҲԸϳ壬ַȣձ֮ŮܷȷʵҪַ̫ˡ
ְԵʬܷһĿһ˿֮⣬ܷεȷ⣬ּݳǵ֮Ůڳ谮Ϊַ㣬Ĺâȫڸǣַ㣬Ҫҫ̫ˡ
ܷϡǵã̤ƺڣȥַ龰ĿѾɳֵز
ұ֮ʱһ˵ҪʵǿӵԼȨƣҪһص壬⣬Щ£ע޷ͷģ
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ͬʱɱһβȺļ䡣
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ַʵǿͳţҪַص壬
ʧȥģעʧȥԶ


0266 ޳ַ
ݳǵأַǷ֮ϣȺַǷ
ʱݳǵĳ֮أЩѾʧȡ֮ģޱȡųɫ׵ľʿ£ɢ֮
ˣݳУһȺľʿڳѪս֮ϣڳѲţݣ֮ȺһƬ£ĿͶЩˡ
ѪȻޱ磬˵ѩ¹֧Ŷģȴפݳǡ
֮ϣѪХȺ˳˵
ݳ֮ѪԲ֮صǳأ˭ݳǵˡ
ûĳۼѪͳˣʱŲʮ꣬վݳǻս̨֮ϣޱʲô֮ŮԼܷͳǰͲһʱҾ֪ͳ˽سɴû뵽һ꣬ҵĲ²ӡ֤ˡ
һӸоЩԺͷ˵˶ʱ¶֮ɫһ˵ˡ
֮ʱݳǣַ㣬ѾΪһ񻰣ݳǵ˴š
һǰһ꣬ݳǵĻս̨֮𣬵ȴֱȣ뿪
һӵĳ졢ͣޱǿ̤ųѪսݣݳǣޱ𺳵Ļع顣
ӴˣݳĴ壬ȫû䣬Ψͳ츮ȡյĳݳС
ݳǵȺԴ˷Щң˵ַ㣬׼֧ţݳǴһѪǱݳԽǿݳǵˣȻҲܽӴգǵԽа
ʱݳǵĳ֮ϣѪȫæµų
һڣΧΧǽȫգ׵ס
ַ㣬ʱվһͨڣǰһͨĿ¶˼ɫ
ڵĳȵصǸڳģεȵǿ󣬴˿̵ĳ£Ѿһ롣
Ȼͬ˽֧ǿľţôַ㣬ȻҪʲô
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С㣬㿴һӵȻ˴λãػأһǵˣ侳ֻҪ̫죬ȥ޻ء
꺮͸żţУѪǾ֮ƣоͳ˳ᢣóʽս֣ͳ꺮ýƣű壻Ҿͳ죬ùᣬӲ̣ѪԵ
һ֧ʮľţȻҪֹȷλͳ죬иԵı졣
ַϸ۲ɳ̵ƣ΢΢ͷ壬ȫ㣬ֻҪҴһ³Ǳɡ
³ǲѣС㣬ʿĸԸĸ㣬Ҳٲ֧ԮһУҪԼһζĴ֧ڻܳŵסʱˣͲڷչˣңҲֶҡ
ַ΢΢ͷȷǸ⣬ģкܶʿԸԼó֧Ԯ֧ǳԶ֮ơ
һţȻҪĶҲ࣬˵ƵĵҩԪʯбսԼݳǵĴ죬ЩҪһʿֲԴά֡
ףЩһ취ַ˵һ漴Ŀ⿴죬壬ݳǽԼбˣͽˣ壬ݳǵػ鷳㡣
á
ģҡ
λͳ춼ӦһַݳǣѪûκεΪҪѪľ߸ļ䣬ǱĲƸ
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ַҲԣעӹµΪ

һɾĵķ䵱Уеһж»ϵģַ룬һǵӰɢпľϣĮĿ⿴컨壬Ҳ֪Щʲô
һַ㣬ֽĿƻأ䵭ģΨһĨӰǡ
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ַ΢΢Ų˫ơ
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㲻˵Ҿ͵Ĭˡ촽£ַȿ˵漴޳ܵĽ§סŪĻС


0267 СŹԪ
ַ§סһֻǿʵȴ޷ʩչ˳ֱַַۣĻС
ͷŽߵַ㣬Уһɬ֮ɫʥݣĺΣַĲ
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Ҿͱ㡣ַ΢Ц˵Ŀ⻺תַ㣬峺Ҳ޷
Ľƽ΢΢ԴַĻУַ㱧ܰͺһ
ݵӵ㣬ַԼ֣ĽͷҲ˿˿춯ôһ欣ôĻУҪ˵ַûаǲܵģҲ
飬ҡĬãַٴοڡ
е΢΢˶漴ԴżɻĿ⿴ַ㡣

ַЦ£ͷ˿˿һĨɬ֮⸡֣ûĸŮˣϲԼİ֮Լ
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ַԴĸ£һϵĽ֮ɫԽԽŨ˵ţҪֲ㿪
գַס촽ɲǣĲ£⵽ʥ۾ôģľ֪롣
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Ȼַ̽£ɳȾѪ֮ʱƽȻŮ鳤ȴЩţҲûоɡ
飬úϢַվŵͷ˵һ漴תȥ
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ţƽУĸһĨĲЦգһЦǡ

֮ݳǣཨͻȻĸƣƾһЩ嫵Ľ֮⣬ߴＸףλݳǵİ֮ء
ݳյĳҲͳ츮ԭȿֹÿ춼ȴ֪зʲôֻ֪ͳ츮ڴšؽ
ص׵Уַϥڴ˵أһ
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һߵĳ֣ڰĿռ䵱У⻪˸ԽԽĹ䣬۳һڰĿռ貣׺˺ڰ
˺棬һԶӣٶԽԽ죬һͼĻ۳ΣʾŹ֮״
ѩ¹侳ǿߣһ֣Ϊ֮ԽԪ۳Ԫ֮ÿһԪ̺ӴԪˣͬʱ侳ǿߣܹĶ󷨣Ӵ
侳֮ǰȻҲܹƾֶβԼ޷ɾͼޡ
ÿһ侳ǿߣһЩ򵥵󷨣٣ϵľԪ󷨣û˻᲻ȥϰ
ȻԪǿСɴľԪֻԪۼٶȣԪʯĽʡޣǿľԪ󷨣ȴٵԪʯóܹϵԪ󷨣ԴԴ
ʱַ㣬ڲþԪ󷨡
ȻϵԪʯв٣Ҫṩһ֧ľȥԵ̫ˣǾͱҪһ󷨣޶ȵĽʡԪʯȴõЧ
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ǳ鶯ַ촽΢΢£漴һͺȣ
£ַȻһƺһ΢΢ſ
һַĿ̧𣬿Χޱ貵ĹЩδε˿߷һ飬һ˿߲һ֮ʱһޱ貵ĺâ𣬾ŹͼתΧԪ
ַоƣεľŹͼȴ¶һĨЦ⡣
СŹԪ󷨣
̵ַܵԪ΢Щ̾һѧԺͬǲǿľԪ󷨣ܹϵṩŨԪ
ַ㣬ҲܹþԪˣСŹԪ󣬾ŹԪ󣬻ǿʲô̶ȡ
侳ߣµĶȻ˲лôʱ䣬ѾܹɢһƲл꣬ǿͣټ˺һľ磬ҾԲòô󷨡
ַ૵ǿ;׼ĿԼĸӦȱһɣûл󷨳ɲˣû˺һ֮ͬɲˡ
ڸղţͳ츮ȺĿȫһͳ츮Ͽգһ޵ͼ֣ʾŹ֮״ֻ˲ʧͼʧƬ̣Ǿ͸ܵԪ춯·𲻶Ԫͳ츮۶
ͬʱͳ츮ۡΧ֮ĿһǾͻȻоԪ춯·һſռԪ
ܹӰռԪǿľԪ֣
֮˸Ƭ֮ǵĿ⣬ȫͶͬһطͳ츮


0268 ų
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ԣȻʹһᣬû뵽ҾȻַܹͳ졣
⸮æµȺЩ˫˸˿˿˷ܵĹâַ㣬ݳѾǸ񻰣˴Уַܼ㣬ǸеҫңȻַ㱻Ѫ򣬵ǸϲַΪͳ졣
ͳ֣ϡаַݡ
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ȻˣȻգҲܲ²⵽һǸŮӣͳʲôˣŮôܲһҪͳС
Щ۷׷ףʱַѾ˸š
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ַսϣһ۲е飬¶һ˿ȤЦݣղЩ˵ĻȫƮĶС
ַһۣû˵ַȴˬʵһЦǰģޱ飬ٻѾͻưɡ
һţֱӿݳǣŲãŵȥ

ųǣӵǧʷĹųǣʷƾá
ΰĹųǣ侭µϴ񣬵Źųǵ֮磬ųǵĳţһޱޣǴ˵еޣˣŹӵϢ
ųǣһ֣˳ǡ
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ųǱ֮˺٣ϹģѾ󲿷˶ˣнףԼ֮
һ仰˵ѩ¹ҪõҪĶȥųǣһ
˳ƣųǣѩ¹ƽʵǿĳǳأ侳Ͳˣ˼̤ųǣʱضܳǿߡ
Ҳ·⿴һŶҵˣ侳߲εǿߣ侳ǿڣųǵڡ
ʱų֮⣬ɳУһ̤ŹĻɳŹųǷȥһˣֻˣַǡ
ַ̤ǰߵİԵ̤Ŀ񣬰ԵѾܹԼϵİסͷš
飬ųǣѩ¹ŵĳǳأ룬棬ȴܲпᣬһڹųУ̫
ַ˵һǰҪİᾡܵĶһЩ顣
š΢΢˵ͷַĿתǰֻ෽ƥ֮ǰ̤ųǵС
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аЦЦ£ųǣȻǿڶ࣬Ҳȫǿߣַôˣ츳ٺãǿˣֵĶ
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ˣѾǺˡַתź̤˼Ц£ߣ
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ɱ
һͺȣ˾ע£һĨ貵İԵâ˸նͷ­
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Ůӵ˵˾䣬Ѿųǣȴÿ˴ԪʯһֱԶûнǣֱڣԵһֱնɱˡ
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Ů૵һȴԱߵӵǵӵĻǰ˭
Ůҡҡͷʾ⣬漴ҲһųǵС


0269 
λѩвųǣĴڣΣıѩɽׯųǵУʱںͱѩɽׯĵӳ
ųǣҪĶȻϲж
һǰѩʥԺƺţͬʱԼѩɽׯҲ˲ǰѩʥԺһʱķչţֵһµҫ
ڵĺĵӵһ˽ɽԼڶĵ£бѩɽׯıԭЩˣպգǰ
ǵ£ҫ۵һڽɽĵ͵£ʱߣǣɱ飬õӳڶľ֣ͲҪ
ӵĵ뻯˵侳ؾʱ򣬾Ѿ˵ƣ侳صʱ򣬸΢ǿޱȣ񣬵ӵΪ侳أƾ΢ĵ֮磬侳صˣ˸뵶ΪС
µĵԣɱˣҲˣڳ̶̰ʱڣ£˹֮
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ɽ¥ųǷǳܹõµϢοͶϲˡ
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ԵΪţ֣ȷʵܿ
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ļһ
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ڡӣ
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Ŀ⣬þССѩ£ǿ߼䵱УߵļƬΣּ췭ظ


0270 θ
ԱŮַ˶ĬЦһַǡ
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Ⱥȴû˷ǣڣųУȷŲСңʱ£Ҳ档
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Ե£ҪҪ
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ʱַ˿θУΪӡ
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ڶֽʽԼҽ׵Ķ󣬱ղˣӵйҪȡԪʯͻȥҪṩ㹻Ԫʯˣеֽʽˣӵеıｻθ㴦ó
ΪЩԸԼҽ׵ĶҲȥθַɻʵθӦòȡ̫ĳͲŶԣһһõļ۸
кüԭˣһθÿֻʮ֮ҪǴҪǰ콫֮ｻθɸѡ֮ѡƷſԽûѡ˻ظ㣬˲ԸˣңͨƷҲܱѡС
Щ˵ķȽǿǲԸرóñ֪òģһҲ᲻ģǸԸԼȥңȥ롣
ַԷĽ΢΢ͷȷʵǴڵģϺԼϲŷģһܶ˶У֮顣
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0271 
ַĿҲȺָķȥԭĿһͣꡣ
ѩɽׯ֮ˣ˵ֻպӵߣĹ似ȫǺԣһһ飬ʱƬռ䶼·úࡣ
侳ء
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ţ
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ǹһĨЦַ΢΢һ

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ңѩɽׯˣңַһָɱһˣñԭЩɵˣǿֻñԭ֣Լҡ
ַ㣬ʵɲ⣬Ҳ侳أһǰ֮ǰڿ϶ǿѩַ㣬аУ˴ųǣɲΪַ㣬ǶΪء
뵽⣬ԭȲַͻʵиҪҪǶһʦܣʲô
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һĻ˵̣ߣԭȻˣҺַս
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ߣǰıԭٶȿڣ΢漴ŭַһۣε̧Ų
ǲΥԭĻɽׯԭǷǳԵģ˭ΥһᵹùֻǴ˴β֪ΪξȻѵ¶Է
ַ㿴ȥıӰĿƽ漴θĴ߶Ƭ֮һ˰ĵ̺ǰ΢΢¡
˼ң޺ݣ
ַһ̧ͷĿɢĿַһۣһöƷԪʯһ꣬Ҫ٣Լã
Ҫʮ꣡
ַ˵һ˵Ŀһַ㣬ʮ꣬޺ݣ䲻̫󣬵ʮ꣬ҲǴĿ
Ҫô޺ݣʲôã
Ѫ
Ѫʲôҩʡ
ַͫһ֪Ҷˡ
ԪԼ
ַĳĬ£Ŀоâ˸³һ֣ô㻹ҪײݡѪԼԪɢ
ԣҪܶࡣַͷ֮ʱͻѯʰԵЩ̯֮˵ʵߣʵɲ⣬ԵŹǸˣҶ


0272 
Ц£ַ㣺б֪ͷҪĶ
ǰҲ֪һ侳ǿڴ˵޺ݣɵġַЦ¡
΢ЦҡҡͷǰŮӣ򵥰Ͽһϰɡ
ϡַҲϣղ˵ЩҵȷҪҪܴ֪Ū𣿡
ҪܰŪǣ㿪ڱҪʮ꣬ͷҿû취
ҡҡͷʮ̫Ӵˣ˭û»Ūô޺ݡ
ŪǵȷиطǵطӴ
ӴַĿ΢ֵϰæ֪ܲŪ
üͷһַ㣬ʮӴҲһŪô࣬ңÿҩ㶼ҪʮǶ̫󣬵ҲСĿ
Ѫ֪˵ûУ
ţɫһһɿ͵Ϣһţ˲䵮Ŀַ֮оȣ·嶼ҪȼգϣӦóóˣʺԼȻһҪǿ
֪Ѫ
֪Ѫܹ޵Ѫ꣬ߵѪǿǿǶ侳ǿ߶ĪĺôƷ
ַ㻺˵ҩķͱƣ˵Ϊȼͨı֮֮Ͼ
ҩͨĵҩ侳Щã侳ò鵤侳֮ˣֶ侳ûдã侳ҪģԼѪһƷʹǶ侳صǿ߶кǿá
͵ҩƷƷ侳֮֮˷ã˷ѣȻܵõĪô޷ȫҩЧ侳֮ϵ˷ãòżƷӦʵ侳ص侳صǿߡ
ƷҩѪϣܲݡ
ŪĿⶢַ㣬˿̵ҲûɢĿ˸ŷâ
ּƷĵҩôŪַҡҡͷûüȴֵַǣڻԵɺ֮£õѪĵ
˫üһ΢Щ٣ѵ㣬һʦϣǵУΪҪûеһжǿ̸
ȻҲ˻ʦҪΪõʦ̫ҵûеʦΣеͬҲʦҲֵǡ
ԣϣղ˵ǼֵҩÿһҪŵҪʲôϣӦñҶֻҪܰŪ֣ѪĵԸ˫ַϡ
ַ˵һŵһӴĿϻǵһҪŵҩ
ͲĿⶢַ㣬
ϣɱңҲòң㻹һɱңŻϲ¡ַЦ£ϳĬƺ˼
ãɽҪʱ䡣
ԣʱ䣬һɽ¥ǰΣ
УһӣʱϵҩʧȻӵдռ䡣
תֱӳθ̤ȥС
뿪ַһĨЦݣû뵽ô˳ԣʲôѪĵߵļмصģֻҪֳһݽϱɣκεʧ
ߡ̧ŲַθȥǼˣʱΧ˶ʼ̤Щ̯֮ˣԼ̯λ
ˣŻҪʱͻῪʼʾ֪ǷҪ¡
Ǵַ㼸˹˹˵һۼַɱѩɽׯˣӱԭͻ̸ַ㣬еĵС֮ʵǳǿͭӣһ¶ѡ
߰ɣ쿴ģöǡ
ַ㵭Į˵һ˹ĵͷһ
˵գæȥ
ַû̧ŲſԱߵһ˵жҪӦ˭

˵һ漴ַʱһ䷿ݵУвƷһЩ¼
ǶѻƷַĿһĶ湻ġ
ӴַһԸеŮˣѩף˫綼¶棬֣ǳˡ
Ҫʲô
һؼƷ似ҶƣʮƷ
ַ㵭Ŀ˵ԸеŮһȻĿеЦ˲ϢøӵŨˡ

Ůվַ
Ƭַ̡ͰԵ˵һ漴ŮӽһңڷŵƷҪˣ£ӦöѡҪ֮
ӣҪƷǿŮһߵԣ˵
áַȡҶƵֳͬʱ⻪˸ڵϣͻȻĳʮʱ貵Ĺ⻪˸
ַ㽫ҶƵֳݸԷŮӽ߷£漴ߵͷû⣬ǵؼƷ似Ҳû⡣
ллϡ
ŮЦ£ȡҶԼһЩ¼Ȼһöַ㡣
ӣĶԽֻҪƾöǾ֪ʲôõԪʯհݳͣ⣬ƾɽĹҡ
ŮЦݳȻ֮⣬˵֮ʱʶַ壬ջġ
հֳͣ
ַаһ˵ҪʱȴΪƷأȻͿһЩȨ
ڳַͣѾˣߵļ䣬϶ܲһɡ
˵ͷַ뿪ߡ


0273 
һУַ֮ϣԵվ˵
͸صĻַ˿ĿһУټһš
ʱǰ棬ͻȻһӰ˳ǲǰӴַŮӣ˿̵Ѿһɫĳȹȹڵϣ˫Ȼ¶棬ַǶȿܹĹַ֣оЩ
Ŀ˸£ַ㿴һַۣĿת˵Ŀײһַ㲻ɵòЦ¡
ڴʱַԱߵĹУһͨ꣬Ŀ絶һ˹վǣַھ¥мŮ
ŮԽԽջˡµ˵һһ֮ĻĿ˵ɺżַ֮
ʦϲĻһܾġһ˷е˵һ
ȴ΢΢Ц̫˳ӵĻǻʲô˼ϲǿġ
⻰һۣӣԸ죬Ե˳˳ܵõȥöԷ˳ӣû뵽Ůˣˣϲǿȵġ
òųһˣҪõŮˣҲ١
ĮɫһͣӲµˣ˭ǰȻ󣬶һ屩¶˴ѡ
յһʮƷǰ漸ַûжȤֻǾǿ֮˾ۡ
ֱڰ˼֮ʱַ˼Ȥ
Ʒ£ļۣһǧƷԪʯ
գкܶ˶ǳŲ¶һµļ۸ǧƷԪʯ˲˵롣
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ǧƷԪʯ
ʱһ絶һɵڿռţȺڣһš
Ŀһ漴ǵĿ⣬ȫһȥһĵҪʡ
ǵӣ
Ⱥͷɵ⣬Ӧǵͷŵģ˵ųˣȻֱӶȺͷŵ⣬ðԵ
ӱ츳ʵȺټϱڣȻаԵʱһ侳ǿߣ֣侳֮£ӣ治ôɵ
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ַĻ£ʱռһַͣ㣬۰ǧһƷԪʯ͵ᡣ
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Ŀ΢գʶ˳ʱ֪˶ԷǺˣǴһ˿Ц
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ʱַ㣬ֻһǽ˶ǰһܿԷ
Ե΢ǰŲȻһ磬ʱȰԵĵǵصĳ˳ȥ
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ҧڵַ㣬
ǺǣڵˣȻԪʯûطá̵ַЦ£ôҿҪ𡣡
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һȤ⼤ŭӣķôԪʯȥ²µ
ַĻȺĿ̣һǺôĵӡ
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ֵ˵ûڣԪʯûطáԱߵıԭҲڷ̵ʹ죬Ͻͣȥַ㣬ǶȤ֮¡
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ַĻ£˵ɫٶǣַ㣬Ƶӣ˿̣ԭҲҪߣ˭裬˭壡


0274 
ԭЦݽӲϣ촫һҵĻѣһĹңȫĿ
ѩɽׯˣΪ׵ǱԭڵˣΪ׵ǵ£мӰһվĻǰһһŮϣûжΪĵȻŮɴʵ
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³˵һԭһֱҪַ㶷ַȴһҲӡ
ߣ
ԭһЦѾַܸӣַ㣬һΣɱѩɽׯĵӣڶΣ
֣˵Ǹδԭ͸һ֮⣬׼Ըַ㡣
˭ֵܣ˵ûѩɽׯˣηηʲôʸҵֵܡ
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һڿռӣѹֵĺ
λӣڽУӵìܣɷٽ
ʱ̨һЦֻ͸˿˿֮⣬˲佫ѹֵջЩ
áԭȿڣɫ纮
ַ΢΢ͷҲЦŻ
ڣ¹ӳһǧƷԪʯûԸߵļۡĿЦȺһۣû˴𻰣һǧƷԪʯһƷѾǺܹˡ
ӴԪʯ侳ǿɣúܾá
ûеĻȹϲ¹ˣ£¹С
Ц£漴ڣһ֮һ¯¯žƣܾԶмʷӦһ¯¯ƺЩȱļ𣬵θǰѾ϶¯Ʒϵı
Ϊôҿ¯ĲȱǿȽҹۿһ
˵գʱ˽һ¯̧¯ߴһңֱҲԼһף̾Ļƣһһͷ쳤ХĲ̣ǲ״·Ҫ𣬵ȴûӵ̣ƺ˵Ĳȱ
ңһȥ¯͸˷ǳӵĸоŵķ·ֵϢ
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Щϲղصʦ⡣
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ȺҡͷҲЦҲ֪¯Ǳʵ;󣬺õļ۸񣬵ȷȷʵʵǼ
ҳһǧƷԪʯɡ
ʱһȺд˵֮һ෢ߣһʦ¯ȻûʲôãֹЩȤġ
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⾹ȻǾʧ֮óųǣȥȺӵˡ
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Ļ£ʱĿ޵޵ľڣȡҲˡ
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ңȺһԾԾԣûˣ׼۸ߵġǧƷԪʯ
ǧƷԪʯ

һƷԪʯ
֮˷ֻǶݵ˲䣬˿һƷԪʯֲܿң۸ǡ
ƷԪʯһĻ³ʱռһ˴һֱԾ򣬶⿪֮ˣǱԭ


0275 
ƷԪʯøУ£ҲܸС
ַԭۣаһںͱѩɽׯյƺԴḻˡ
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ţ
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׳գ
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û⣬ŮӿִáԭаЦ£һһͣԶȺҡͷˣַ㵱λɱϷŪַǧ򲻸ãȥˡ
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ַǣ
ȻʱȺûзַ֣УһĨĺͷţɱ¶ǶˣҳԵϷ顣
飬ַۣߣɱ


0276 ţ
ַϵͷţȴû¶ҡֻĿаɨһۣ絶ְɡ
£Сųַ˹ȥȻ鲽ٶȴĿ죬һ硣
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ˡ
ԶȺĿһ絶ѩɽׯıԭѩѾ˺裬תصѩ
ˣޱȣһŵļ֮һ
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һ֮⾳٣»³ʱնڿռصϢķɱ⽫ַ嶼סһĨ貵ĵâ磬񷣬նַ㡣

ʱıԭҲͬˣɪĺţѩ˳ַӶϣǿĺ֮ʴַ㣬·ҪͬʱһҲַ䡢ԡ
ɱַͷ΢΢³һޱȵɱ֡
ɱɱɱصռ֮һɿޱȵɱڿţ·Ҫһжն֮ɱ֮
ǿҵɱºͱԭͫͬʱһͷ΢ĵԼıѩ·˵㣬Ʋղš
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ҽ֮Щɫ߾סʹİţǵ彡ıʴǼ˹ȥɫ֧ᣬû
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ɫһѿȴ֪ηַ㣬ַ㣬˿˿֮⡣
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0277 ɱɱ
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0278 ҹ
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0279 Ȼ
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0280 ķ붯
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ص󳡵ҵУ̿һַۣ㻹ûȡԪʯ͹ȥɡ

һ㶣ַȥ
ðɣԪʯϣôҡݺݵ˵
θĹأɲҪˡ΢Цҡͷ
Ị̇ҾǿһԽԽøĺúõַ㣬˫Ź⡣
̽Ԫʯ뿪ߣʧӰЦЦѾͷҲҸС
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ĵӵһ˱ԭųǱɱ𾪱ѩɽׯ


0281 в
ɽ¥Уַһžǰơ˼
ԪʯθУҲܲ
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˸̸ۣҲ֪İҥԽ˵Խ󣬷·Ⱥһ
챦𣿡ַ΢Цҡͷֻǽ˵̸෹Цʡ
ַ㡣
ʱһַĿ£ͷ¥濴ȥͼӰǡ
ַһ˿ɻɫôˣ
ַ㣿
¥еȺĿһ˳Ŀ⣬ǵַϣַ㣿գɱ˱ԭһܵµַ㣿
ֻ˶¥ַϣŭʧȻЦݣһ֡
ߵַǰֹӣҹ𡣡
ַ̧ͷһۣ漴˵ôô࣬¶𣿡
㡭ϵЦһͣݺݵĵַ㣬쵰ʲôˡ
ַ㣬ƷԪʯϡַ˵Ǵһ˿ЦҪַΡ
ùɡַһƣ˵ĵ֮ɫһ
ôùȥЦһ
̧ͷַ㿴θ󣬾ôµģ
˽˵ԭθ޹أҪõԪʯҪҸ˲СЦ˵
ַ㶢Ŀһֱûƶֺ˿˿Ĳڡ
ù
ַĮ³֣˿˿⣬ϡ
⣬Цݳ׵Ľסҧַ㣺ǲأ
ַкûվţ
ĿĶַ㣬о˼ƺַͫһЩǺ⣿
ŮˣҹԻԻԼвַַУӽ
գֿԼԪʯвַܲˬ
ַ㣬쵰һھ֮ϣ漴תȥ
ޡ͸ַ㣬ʩչǧӰַ㲻ΪûдﵽĿģգԪʯֻ׽ŪַһַǸû뵽ֱַӳвͷţоЩʹ
˻һĿģԼԸϣַԪʯʵҲַ뿪
ͺѰַ㣬Ҫַ𣬿ò˶þҵɽ¥
߳˾¥аַ㣬쵰ú
ͺգһɱַģַ㲻ʶ϶Ľԣֻͺյϡ
㱻ɱжݺݵ˵ţĽŲȻͣ£˿˿֮⡣
ˣôͺյϣǲ̫
˵һֻת˹ûôַˡ
󲽿ֻܿص˾¥Уַǰ
ֻʲôַ㿴ɻ󲻽⡣
ҧҧ޺޵Ķַ߰ɣҪԸ㡣
Ըңַ£漴ЦŵҪԸҵˣܶࡣ
βһͺҪõͺգ侳۷ʵ侳ûж֣Ҫĸɱ㡣
䵭˵ַ㡣
侳۷壬ûжַ֣һҲʶһ£ν侳۷壬ʲôʵɱ
ַ㻹ЦɵýȵͺպܿϾͻ㻹뿪ɡ
׵Ļַ̧ͷ¶һ˿ЦݣǺģˣŮ˵Ϊ벻ᶼѡ
Ǹ
ַ˵˾䣬ĿмǸ⣬εһ쵰Ȼ֪Ǹ
ˣߣ쵰䲻סַ㣬޶ԡ
ַ΢΢ҡͷȴһĮĴˣ߲
Įɫһˣַ쵰Ļһֱߡ
ַ㣬
̶֮Ӿ¥洫˽ƵȺĿһȻˣַȥ
ַͫҲһͺգǺˣȻ˵Ĳ
վַ̧Ų˳ǽݣĳ¥ȥֿ˾¥
ʱľ¥棬ȺԶţΨм䣬һͺ֮ˣԵַ֮㣬Ŀ
ַ㣿
ͺտַ߳Įʵ
ǣҺ㣬ƺûʲôԹɣַ㵭˵һ
ȷûУβ𽻳ңȻǾ͵ʲô¶ûз
ͺвһַȻͺҪˣݣ·侳Ϊ޵У۷壬ûܹʤ


0282 Ԫ֮
Ҫ𣿡ַĿ΢Įĵɱ˱ԭõҪҿԸõȼ֮ϲ˵͸ˡ
̸
ͺյһ˿Ц⣬аЦ
ųǣ˸Ҹͺ̸ģ侳ˣֻҪҸͺչһˣҪҪ𣿡
ȺͺյĻҡͷ̫ԵˣһԼʵ侳۷壬Ŀˣټųͺӥаˣȷࡣ
ַǸߣȻͺԣǲĻ¾Ҫùˡ
ҪҪ𣿡
ͺַѡ
ƽַ΢ЩĮɨͺһۣЩ˵Ҫˣϣԭһڣǹ
ǹ
˵ϣַ㲻ûȥѡ񣬷ͺһͺȥѡƽдż֮⡣
ַ㣬ųвͺգǹ

ַһһ治֪ԭǺǿǱѩɽׯĵӵһˣͺգǿų侳۷壬ǳַ㲻û˿ʾвԷⲻ
ȻַĻͺյ¶һ˿аЦĵ侳ųвͺգǵһˡ
ԣúѿͺԼĹͷЦ
߹һɭͺյдֻ廯һӰ˲ʧ
繳̧ͺյצֱӳַȥֻצаɫӥצ⻪ڿţаɭ䣬ַץȥ
צĿ죬Ǳһצץסֲ˲һѪ⣬ˡ
ַ㣬ˣŭͺա
Ⱥһ
ַܵצĿ΢ʱоԼԵľһͷޣӥ֮ޡ
ĲӰ֣ռַ֮壬ͬʱָӰ̧𣬳צȥַ㲻û㣬лػ
ϣһ֮ϸ΢ȴַͺյһ֣Ժ˼
ͺɻΪצƵ֮أȴһɫĵ㣬ղţַһָ׼ȷĵǣ̫׼ˣֲ̺Ĵ͸֮·һ
ַϣһצۣȻͺյצûдİ׹һۼңָҲ΢Щ飬ͺյӥצܷǿ
ӣ㻹Ҫ
ͺɭһЦڳһֵ̬Ϲ⻪˸˿̵·һͷͺӥа۾˷
֨֨
һͺյռ䴦ӰͺյĲӰ޾İɫ⻪ţ·ͷͺӥַץȥռ䴦ȫͺյӰӺצӰֲʵ
ɫĹâǰһַ΢΢һ࣬׹Իû˺ֺ
漴ٵģ޾аâַ΢İڶţۣÿһĴܶ㿪ɱһ
Ƭ̣ռ䴦ͺյӰ⣬ַƮӰצ䴩ࡣ
߹
һ֮İɫ⻪ںһ𣬻һޱȾ޴צ·ǿаӥ죬аצԲȫУַվצӰ֮£ڸס޴ӡ
ҪˣַˡȺ˿̵ͺվǣ·һͷаͺӥַ㱻Ӵצ֣һᱻצɱ
죬ɫ԰ףˣַ㣬Ҫˡ
ַӰצ֮£ǰаӥͺգ¶һĨЦ
ȵϹ罭ӺɫĴֱӳϿյצצס漴û
צ£Ȼ˿̵ַ㱻һƬɫǣצץ֮ʱģ޾Ϻ

һҽ֮аӥ֮צʧӰͺ̧Լ֣ɫ԰ֽ˿ƣϵðƤȫڵѪɼʹࡣ
ղţɫĺҪڻ
ʱַ㣬ɫĺڻţϿգһɫĴƯţһӰȺȻһ
ͺգ侳۷壿侳ʤ
磡ȺŴʱַ㣬ͷɫаצȻʴͺˡ
Ҳַ㣬˸ţѵĵǶô
Ҫ
ͺɫޱȣַ㡣
Ҹѡ񣬹ûйԣҪַͬ˵ɱ¶˿̵ƽǳ˿֮
ͺЦݺ֮磬е֣ƾĳ껹аצ⣬̣Ԫ侳ǿ߲ӵеԪҿô
һɿԵĹ⻪ͺյ˸ݣƣһŹŹ׵򣬷ž죬Ż
Ԫһ׵Ԫ
ȺһͺգַƵʹóƣų侳޵еĵơ
ַ㣬ǿ츳侳ӵеԪǰҪ
ϧˣһţҪˡ
ַȴƺģĿƽͺգ˵ղţһֱڣǲǸûҳˡ
ţȺĿһ֣׵ԪҪ֣
漴ȺַֻĽŲǰһ磬ʱһصսڶַȼգϯ
Ես⡢޾ս⣬һеս⡣
ս֮Уŷڽķ
ַƻ̧𣬿ռХһ쫷ַƼԵĴţǰɫ쫷绺ĳͣһޱǿ֮Ľ
֮׹⣬貶Ŀ˲ֱӡ
Ԫ֮
ȺͷݺݵĲ£ⴿ׵ĽâĽԪۣԪ֮
ͺյĹ׵Ԫַ㣬ƿ˽֮Ԫ
ԪǴĹʲôĹַһֱûзεƿأԪ۷壬۴Ԫַ㣬ѾԪǷ켫һԪ뽣ڣԪ֮
ñ̬ļһȺͷ˵Ԫ׵Ժͽ֮ԣΪǿ
һս˭ʤ
º嫣˭Գ޵Уô䣬СС侳͸Գ޵У޳ܡ֪ѹ츳˵Ĳɱ
ַĿ⿴ͺգĮ˵׵ԪӦǿãҵԪ֮ǿԼ̣һգҾų侳޵е˿жɱ
ַĻͺյĶĤв죬ͺ˿˿ɣԼ
ַս⣬ڷսսأһС
Ųһ磬ַӰȻʧ漴ͿһԪ֮һУ


0283 ɱ˵
貵Ԫâ֮⻪̺޾ķͻ֮⣬Լս⡣
ɱ¾֮á֮
ͺյɫȻ׵ԪϿϮĽȥʱž첻ϴһҫ۵׵âԪ֮ޱȵ財
׵Ԫȴ޷赲һǰķַеĽ£նһУ͵촫׵ԪƿԵԪ֮ɢȥŻϢ
ҲҪˡ
ͺմһԪ֮޷赲ַٲ֣ɱòЭ
ЭˣͺգȻЭˡ
ȺͷһǿͺգŶַڣҪַ˶ΪַҪùˣ٣βǿ϶סġ
ǿַ㾹ܾͺգ֮ʱǶΪַˡ
֣ȴ˵Ԥϣų侳޵еͺգսַ㣬ַԪ֮ܣ˿̣۷徳ͺ䡢սˣҪ
Σ
ַЦһͺգƺ̫ˣսսҪҪսһҲҪˣˣ
ôô򵥣ˣһţȲ;˳ȣô
˵ҪôҪô
ͺӥˣҶңͺռַԪ֮ն볹״ݻ׵ԪԽԽ죬ɫɵô䡣
ͺ֮Ըųôţʵ⣬оΪͺӥˣųǵһǿа
ͺӥΪŽ⣬˸Ҷǵˣһ׷ɱףһΪŽᣬаһֱųгʢ˥ǵ˺ܶˣǵˣ޷һΪһ塣
ȺҲͷַ㣬ѵҪɱͺգû뵽ġ
ȻھųǺֻܽҪųУԼѩɽׯˣҲԸͺӥģͺӥųǶ꣬ǣһȫҪ̫ˡ
ȻҪɱңǾӦ뵽ɱĽ֡
ַ㵭ĮȺͷ΢͵ڿռصԪ֮׵ƿ׵򣬳ͺն¡
ҡ
һź֮ڿռصͺտͷϿյĽ¶һ˿֮ɫ֮УŻںޣƽգͺӥųϰˣˣûû˸ɱ
٣˵ͻȻ
ͣ
ϸ΢Ľַ֮Ľն£Ԫ֮⻺ɢͺվһ漴ĵȥ
ͺյǣüĴ£һѪۡ
ˣ
ͺӥͺգˣ侳۷ַһնɱֵضûУʹ׵Ԫ
֣˵ĳϡ˵ģ˶ûл
ַ۾Ƭ̺󣬳ĺǰȻıӰ˿˿֮ɫ
ýùϵˡ
ҪɱңҾɱ㣬ûκأҲʲôݣ˵ɱɱ
üͷͻȻ£ǰַԣڵַ㣬뿪뿪ųǣ
뿪
ַ㿴漴΢΢ҡͷΪҪ뿪
һͺͺӥˣݺܸߣɱͺӥܻŹ㣬ºܿͻ㡣
ͺӥַüͷͻԼպɽ¥棬ܾô뿪
Ҳ뿪ַ㵭˵һһһǲ֪
ַ㣬
ַĿһ˿֮ɫ漴ôżҸʲô
Ŀһǣûôˣż쵰ʲôӦúַ㣬ͲַźãΪʲôҪ
ż㣿Ҫƨ¡׵һҹȻ·һ˰㣬һҲ
ŭ뿪ַһĪ̧Ųɽ¥ȥ
Ⱥҡͷһѻ֪ôˡ
ͺӥɲôǵģΪųеһǿͺӥǧһЩ֮⣬侳ˣߣңͺӥλȫ侳ʵǿޱȣͺӥӵ侳صı̬ʵ˸ǡ
ַ㣬Ȼǿ츳һ֮Կͺӥ·
ȺԶû뿪ͺյƺܴܿͺӥҪʱᷢʲô
ȺԤϵûйã¡¡Զ·гɰǧƥڴϱڡ
ˣȺͷ΢ͺӥˣĺÿ졣
ַ㣬Ҫùˡ֮Ⱥףͺӥˣǿͺӥַ㣬»ᱻĨɱ
Ƭ֮һдѪɷ֮ȺںɫϣЩһɫаϢͺӥˣа֮ȾѪɱ
ǾͺһϲĶԷɱаԵûκεĵԡ
ɽ¥У˶ܳͺӥַ㸴ȻҪԶԶĶ㿪֮ꡣ
ûйãɽ¥üļžԶҲ˽ߣŵϵͺʬ壬Ϊ֮ɫޱȣ˫ӥۣӵ
ˣͺյĲͺӥ󸱱֮һӥ

ӥޱȣɽ¥йȥ¡һը죬ɽ¥ңֱӱѡ

ȺͫһһͽԶͭըѣӥһȵУ̺һԪ֮³
ɽ¥оĵģûκε졣
Ⱥа⣬Щͺӥ˲ɱȥַôܻѵҪɣȻ̫ܣ


0284 ɱ
Χ
ӥĺһʱɽ¥ΧƣӥվԶĿⶢž¥ɱ¶
ɱȥҪġӥĮ˵
ǣ
һȣֱӽɽ¥Ĵź俪漴ƥͬʱ뵽¥С
Ȼǿ¥˲䣬һޱȰԵķ֮⴫ϵͷһ
磬ֺޱȰԵ֮⡣
ҽ˷һӰֱӴӾ¥з˳ײںҪϣʱҲѪɡ
¡첻ϴ˵ڵϣУ̤¥ǼˣȫûϢ
һĻȺĿ΢ɱַ棬˿ֱӽ̤¥նɱ
ͺӥ˲̤¥Уھ¥ǰǻԥ
ˣΣա
ܹɱͺյˣȻ۶սΨӥܹսʤˡ
гһУһɱȥ˭׼ˡӥȺǻĺȵͺӥһɱͺյ˶ò¡
ͺӥĿһ϶һ˿ɷ漴кͬʱɽ¥бڶȥ
ûаԵĵ֣Ҳû˱һﱼڣȫ˾¥
ӥ¶һ˿Ц⣬ɱͺӥˣһҪ

һҽ֮ͻأĴӥϵЦݽӲͬʱҲȺͷһ
ɫĹâھ¥֣촫ϹԽԽʢǵء
ȺУ¥֮ڣ·һƬɫ󣬽Щ̤¥ڵӰȫûС
𡭡
һɫľھ¥ſڣ¥ǰûǳȺĿеɫһͷ޵ľ죬ޱȵɫ߾죡
ȵɫ󻺻ȥȺٿ¥ǰķûκζ
Щ̤¥еģ
ûһˣ
ɱַ㣬ҲôסȺͷղȺ̤¥ͺӥ֮ˣҲмʮˣ˲䣬ȫɱˣӥַ֣»ǽȥһһ
Ȼһ¥ˣֶιȥַôԵЩͺӥܣһţ̤ȥҪ¥ٵ
ʱַӰھ¥ǰĿɨȺһۣ񡢰Ե
˭ҽһˣɱһˡַһĿһһ̤еĻᱻַɱ
ַ㣬ɲʲôˣ
ӥ˵һӥХ֮գ漴Ȼڿ򣬳ž¥ȥٶȿ쵽˼飬ӥա
ַһ˿ĮЦݣӥȻˣ޾ϹţΧ
ɱӥ˲Ϳ˾¥Уһ֮дʱԪ֮ͬʱ顢ַԼԵڵķ
ɫĹ⻪ǵأӥ˹ȥͬʱԵĽâն䣬һƵԪ֮赲ס¡졣
ߡ
ӥһԪ֮ţҫ۵Ĺâ˸˫ǰĳǺХɫ޷ʴֺͬʱӥצֱӳַץȥѸޱȵĶһǳɡ
ʱӥݺݵĲ£һɼԵ⣬ֱ࣬Ҫ⡣
Ȼתֲޱȵĺ⽫죬ӥɫ䣬һҪȥ˿̾¥ĴѾرգǼµĺ⣬Ѿ١
ǣ
޾ĺԪ֮ײһ̣Ԫ·𱻱סˣͬʱХǵصɫ˲佫ӥûһǿҵĸʴ֮ʴӥ壬ɫ䡣
⣡
һɺ֮ӥţ޾ɫ޴·һУ棬޷ҡ
꣡
һ֮ӥƣǡ⣬ң˳Ϯϣܿ죬Ŀ£壬һı⡣
𣡡
ӥۿԼһıסŭһûãɫеУ޷˿ֱ⣬ֻеһ;
ͺӥ侳ǿߣʱȴۿԼһıʳڵֿ־壬Ĳ
Ҫɱַ㣬ζûᱻɱ
ɣϮϣڣӥĿע£壬׵ıס
棬ȺĿĶɽ¥ţȻѾĿȫǣڵסȺߡ
棬׷ʲôղţӥΪλᷢһŭɱַ
ǣ
һѵ촫¥Ĵų׵ѿһӰӾ¥зɳ
Ӱأû˰ϢӰ˭еˣֻԺһը죬Ŀȫס
ӥӰȻ侳ǿߡӥ
ӥˣ
̤¥ûƬʱ䣬Ե̤ȥų
һɺЩͺӥӣӥȻҲ͸ղЩһȥˣǾ¥Ĵţ֮š
һӰھ¥ǰ֣Ӱ㣬㵱У͸ɭɱ⡣
Ҫˣɱ
ɫӰַһ޴ɫߣһַտ粽ɫĴ˲˳ƥϵӰסУ漴һ貵ĽâӰֱڿбâ˺ѣ
ַһɫӰԼһԵ絶ӰȺ֣Ӱ֮еͺӥ֮ȫɱµı⡣
ǰԵ絶֮˳ֵĵطҫۣÿһ£
ɱˣɱͺӥˣûӥͺӥˣ㷴ûУһ


0285 Χɱ
ɫĿҵ˻ţĳӴܣ̫ǿˣַˣÿһǿûһ£
ӰֻҪϢоҪ⣬Ůӣ侳ǿڡ
Ǵ֮ͭģ侳Ϊƿ˵ƣԵʱӯ׽
ܿ죬ɽ¥棬һ߾ʬ壬֮⣬ˣȫͺһŶȴԶ⣬ͺӥӥ侳ǿߡ
ȺַˣĿ΢Щ㱣û뵽ַˣôǿһɱһ
ѹҲˣԭӵǿʵԷ
Ŀ˸ţ۾飬ø߹ʥŮˣɴ֮µݣһǰɣһŮ˶ЩĶ뿴ݡ
ѹˡƲƲ죬мԹ֮⣬ַıӰѹԼȻ󲻵ԭѾôŮӡ
ַ㿴δϵʬ壬̧Ųٶȳž¥̤ͰԵҲ¥УӰһʧȺߵС
Ⱥ¥Ŀ˸ţ˴ͺӥôˣӥɱһĹȻӵҰɡ
֪ôļһΪƾ˵ԶԸͺӥ
аַ㣬Ȼ뿪ѵҪͺӥȫɱ֪
ַھ¥УĿϢ˺һ֮˲ϣϡϣֱӾͿѵ״̬ʲô״̬
ΧԪʯâ˸̺ԪԴԴĳַƮȥͬʱַԺ״̬˼룬ָĵľ
ַԣԪһЩӰ첻֮ģҪٻָӰս״̬
ɫĺ幥ߴֳű죬ȻסЩִеģûǿĻɫ꣬뿪̫Զй֮Խǿϻ꣬ΧԽ㣬ҲԽǿ
ʱ仺ţ¥еļڻָţ¥ˣû뿪Ƕڵȣͺӥǰⳡս֣ջΡ
һЩʱ򣬺¡촫һεĲһεĲһθӵľң˵ȺĶĤУ·ҪǵĶĤѡ
ܿ죬Զһޱ޼ʵĺɫﳯ߹нǧġ
侳۷ͺձɱ侳ӥҲɱͺӥǿߣ˴ͺӥŭˣ㳲
ˣ
ȺٶԶԶıܿ˵ԶȺɷ̫ǿǲٴڽǰ棬꼰㡣
Ϊ֮ˣͷûһͷͺͺģĿ࣬ϣһ޴İֲ̺ۣټѪһ֪ࡣ
ͺͷϿһ󵶣ݣɷ죬ͺӥһͺͺӥӥǿأ˼˵һɱͺӥͺӥȫʵǿ侳صǿڣȡͺӥλΪͺӥ
ǧɫֱӽ¥Χסͺһ۵ϵʬ壬漴ž¥Ŀ˿˿Ѫ֮⡣

һԵŭ֮ͺкþ¥ĴݺݵĲ죬ҡҷֹ
ûǣַˣԼ̤¥Ȼܡ
ͺĿ絶ɭĵɱͺӥˣһڼ尾еˣԭصȴһǳɱ
ǣȺһŭɷ졣
ͺ͸ղӥһ¥ȣҪַܼ尾
ַĻܼ尾ô˺һ֮Ǻεȵľɽȣ֮ʱֹˮľ޷ҡνϡ
ͺӺɫսߵӥʬǰɫɭ
䣬ӥڵһУȫˣѪҺ̣ڸȫû
ǿĺ⣡ͺ̧ͷɽ¥пȥиᶨԼľһҪȵ˺ٶ֡
ͺˣ伫ĴûӣϤ˶֪ӥˣķŭԼ֮òԻˡ
ˣӥ侲ˣǴǧҲԸȥðգ˼ȻɱӥͿҲɱʵɲԸȥģԷǧ֮Χ֮ºɱֻҪһ˿вȥģĽСġ
ɽ¥⣬øİ·ǱǰͺӥǧǿߣֻǽΧסûж֡
ʱ䣬ţžĿռԵЩѹ֣Ⱥû뿪ɱֱվǣƺڵȴսĿʼ
Ȼһȣһ֮ãͺӥˣȻΧ˾¥һ죬ûж֣Ⱥվһ죬˸ܵһƣ֮⡣
ռ䣬Ȼž
ȻʹʱԶ·һص棬Ҳ΢Ĳš
ңԽԽҲԽԽǿҡ
ˣ
ȺĿһԶȥ漴ǾͿһѩİɫݱ۶һѩӰ֮ϣ͸һǿҵĺ
أ·Ҫѩ
ѩɽׯˣˡ
Ⱥͫһ˲µЩ
ѩɽׯŵӱԭɱѩɽׯǿ֮
ĺÿ졣ͷһΣַˣͺӥˣѩɽׯˣһҪˡ
һǰƥɫ֮ϴǰ棬ͺ
ȺĿһѩɽׯˣǰԵǿ߳ͺӥ
ͺкһˣǱѩɽׯλ
˵Į˵һ˵ͫһѩɽׯϣԳ


0286 â¶
ͺĿҲ΢΢һ
ѩɽׯĴϱʵǿķ侳صǿڣͱѩɽׯׯѩʵ൱˴ΣԳΪԭҵӣһɳȴųбɱˣܲŭ
ϣҶΪͬһĿĶ˰Եƺ̫ðɡͺ΢΢𣬱ֱӽͺӥķš
̫ãкҶԻʸ𣿡̺⣬¶мͺӥһȺ߹ѣǴ֮ãȻųЩѩɽׯƲͺӥġ
أ
һɭͻأĴñͫһһ̣һɼµı֮н٣˷
գһӰնޱȣɭǿɷֱӳűȥ
ŭһ콵ѩֻ˪ǳɷһƺȥ
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ޱȵıѾ촫ռҵĲѩƮ䣬衣
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ҵڼͷݹᾣ˾һ߸ʬ㣬аȻˣȴһƵĸо
ݼ
ͺӥȺȫǵУη֮⡣
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û뵽㾹Ȼųǣͺӥıͷȣˣϵãǻ֣Էһ磬ȴһܹˡ
޳գҶɱľɱ䣬һֻ׷ǿʵҡĿɭޱȣ˵
˴ټ棬ΪͬһĿģȰ°ɡ
á˵ͷԷкԻʸ
תĿ⣬ɽ¥ϡ
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ͺӥԼַˣǵĿ⣬ڿײ
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ƺڵҲˣһգַſƺڵ̨һǰ꣬Ѿɳ˿ֲܹɱѩɽׯĵӵһˣٸַ㼸ʱ䣬Ʒַˡ
죬Ҫɱַ㣬ǸͬԾ󻼡
ԣͺӥеɱ⣬ӵŨɭĿĶַ㡣
㣡
ҡַҲͺӥıȻʶգҲƺڵˣҵλǳ
ĪԽԽûˣ˲ˡ
ͺӥıȻƺڵͽִĪǼҪصĳĪаĸס
ƺ֮գĪ͵ϮնϹһֱۡ
˲ˡĪһЦ࣬һߴƤңҪôÿʲôãʵҪģͺñ㣬ôᣬ죬ҪУԵŮӣõһƤңϧҲҪ
ĪаַԽԽ䣬ˣһʲôаĹųģһ֧ܣ˵ĸоǣɭֲ
Ⱥ΢Щпûڴ½ϣʵͱʱַ㣬Σգһ
쵰ַ㣬Ѱ·ַ㣬ӱܣ˿ȴԼ˾ء
ͺӥıѩɽׯĴϣһλͺӥĸ侳ǿڣַ㣬Ӵ˽١
ַ㣬ĪɭĶַ㣬գĪаΪַűɱлḴɱַ㡣
ĪҪɱַ㣬ĽŲǰһ磬ʱһɱصĺٶţǿҵĺ⣬ء
ͷŵɺ⣬˿رҪɺ⣬衣
侳ء
ĪͱĿⶼһŮˣӵ侳صǿɺ⣬ͨĺҪǿҡ̹ǣѹӥᱻɱ
ϧܵסеһˣ֣Ī˵
ͷӺþûлˣҲմ֡
ʱȺһӰһߣ̤
ϣ
ַĿһߣǺַԽõĻϣƺǰһˡ
š϶ַ΢΢ͷߵַߣϣһɿҵĳϢŶϵı֮ǡǡ෴
侳أ
ĿһͻȻһ˳֣Ҫַ㡣
ϣллַ㿴ԵһۣȴЦӦҽĶûأôϡ
ַ΢΢ͷϣ¹ַл
СӵǺšЦҡͷԵģ侳ǿ߰Լǲ壬㲻УΪҪûʲôģֻǣ뱣ַ㡣
ѪǺö
һġĮ˵һַ㣺湻ģֵһǻһ侳ǿߣε
侳ô
ַ૵һͺһۣ漴飬ûɣ
֡Ŀⶢű
áַ΢΢ͷϣ˲˹ļһ鷳ˡ
ͷȻܾûǣڶԸôһ˹ļһӦһֻǣһˣô죿
һˣңԼַ㵭Į˵һһĨĹâ


0287 ŭ
ңԼ
ַԵڿռ죬Ⱥ̡
Լַ㣬Ҫƾ侳صʵԸ侳ǿڣ
⣬
Ȼʱַ㣬͸ķâŵ˿˵ЦҲʱ˵Ц
ͻϣҪԸԼĪʣͺ侳ǿߣҪ˶Ըַ㣬Σս޿ɱ⡣
սҲսսҲսַҪԡ
侳ǿߵĶսȺͷĿ͸ڴ֮⣬Уַ侳ͺ˭ʤ
ȻͺΪַ֮٣ǲѶս
ַţ츳ٸߣôܺ侳ǿᲢַۣ㣬ûʤĿܣǿߵײпͷ
ͺַĻĿһ˿֮ɫַԼǶ裬һ侳ˣȻ˵ս
ɱҪã
Īͺһۣɭʵַ㣬ôܶԸͺѡ
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ʮУѾعˣԸһ侳ˣɱ
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ĪɭһͺһŨŨɱ⣬ʮУһҪַŭĪͲˡ
ĪĿ־壬һǰĪһˣɱͺӥͺӥĩգڶһ
һɿԵϢڿռţޱȣХ֮ͺ󣬳һӰ
ӰϢҰһͷޣӥ֮ޣ˫絶ַ㡣
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ˣϺס׼˿ͺɱַ㡣
ʮ֮ڣɱַ㡣
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Ȼ˺һַԣǸЦ
ǾԵĿ졢ıƵͺ˸Ĺ켣Ժĳš
е¡һ죬նڵ֮ϣһѺۣȻַ㣬Ѿڼ֮⣬ĿɵĮ
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Ųһ磬ͺӥ˳Ѹޱȣֱӳַնȥÿһ⡢ǰԪڳ¡
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˿Ѿʶַ㣬ǿ죬ʶֲ̫
·еһУʶƿأ˸ȴױȵİĹǿӵĵطûУַ㡣
ѽ
һޱȵӥХ֮ȺĶĤͺһζˣһɫ⣬貵ĻӰӰΣ壬һýɫ⻪˸⻪һͷӥ
ʱͺӥ
ַ£һƮţܿȻǽɫӰڿռ䴦һӰӣ·ӥڵ趯ţѤޱȡ
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һȵĽڿռţ˵ͻأȴ˵ǿ
⽣֮⾳·г֡
նһŭַ˫ն£ûн˿Ⱥȥ͸о˫ֽ·һһɱ֮
⡢ΪΣ
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侳أվ侳в࣬ӲȻҪԿ
У
ַ㵭Į˵һ̧ͷĿĮ
ʣУҿεʱͺϳķâ侳ǿߣ˵ı侳֮˶ò¡
˭˵һҪַ³һĻһصս֮ȼգսһģޱĽԼֲĻ֮⾳
ͬʱַɫĺ
ͺŭˣ
ַ㣬ͬŭˣգˣҪɱַ㵱ɱĶַ㣬ܲŭ
ʮУɱ


0288 а
սַ㣬Ҫս
ַܵŵĿֲսɱ⣬ȺͷҲ̲ס£ÿꡣ
侳侳ǿߣս֮־ս֮겻ۡ
У˭˵ַ㣬һҪĵֵΪΣ
ͺĿҲǣսַ㾹ȻҷܣҪս
ӥӰϣɫĹ⻪˵ķҫۣԪ֮²Ϣ
սַ
ʱַ̧ͷգ֣Įĺһ
£ַУһԪ֮֮ս֮
ַˣҲһ͸ױȵķ͸⾳Ψлս
սԼ⣬ȸղɱͺյʱǿȺĿһʱַ㣬Ϣ̫ǿˣ·Ҫնɱһеǰˡ
һԪ֮ѣζԿԪ
ͺĮһЦԪĹ⻪Χתݣͷһӥ֮Х˵Ĳġ
侳ԽԽʵԸõĸս޸ǿ
ʱͺͷ·һͷӥ壬ӵӥӥķ
޵ʵһ̶ȵʱǱܣԷӵ£꣬ô޵꣬ͷ·һͷϳɳޣ޵ǿǿ
Ԫ֮ôַЦŲ⣬ҪأԽԽǿ
սŭһսַ˳ͺȥȺͷվںԶܹоսļᶨսǿң޾塢ηΨս
ʱַ㣬ս

ͺХһӥ壬Ӱַȥ
𣡡
ַɫ˳Ӱǰ˲佫ͺסͺһϵ֮ҵĲ
ɣַͺһЩӰߣӥ֮һĲʳǿĸʴ֮·ҪͺϵԪʴ
ѣ
ͺŭһԪ޵ɫӰնȥϻնϡ
Ȼһ̣޾ɫٶȿ͵˳׼ޱȵĽסȻţ·ȫܵһޱȵľ׼
𣡡
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ǿַ꣬㣬̫ǿˣص꣬·ܹǧٵɫߣַսͺ
Ȼû֪ʱɫܱ֮˵ľ׼ַѵʹ࣬Բл꣬л꣬ȻƲлϻϣܹ˵ǿ󡢾׼ɫߣͬʱ˳ͬʱ
ЩĻǡ
΢գַֻ΢ЩһʹӴǸоԲ̫ƿˡ
ʵ󽫲лڣֳлǺε𺳵һ龰
ַȻϣϵս⣬ȴŨʢеĽ·ʱն¡
ͬʱɫ߾ͺɫӲԪâ
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ΨǹսԼ֮⣬˵
ֱʮ֮ҫѪ֮ʱȻȺŷ֣ʱδڵصͺǰһʮѪۡ
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һԪ֮˺һս֮ټʮӰɱɾɱһ侳ǿߵľɱһ
ַԪֹ֮Ǽ򵥵Ԫ֮ѣһ֮£ں̫ǿս
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Ԫ֮תͺ˿ڷסȻ˿̵ήҲʮ֮⣬˵ģɲ˺ڸ
ðԵһǿꡣ
Ⱥͷ̫ˣ飬һûеǰչ
ַ㣬һδ漣һΨһ侳Ϊ֮侳ǿߣ
һȥǿַĿⶼһַ㣬侳ǿͬģҪӵĴڡ
˸ַ㣬꣬ѹ֣ѹǧӰ֮ûˣַ㣬ɲǳˣš
ʱıеɱԽԽŨа
ַ㣬ǱѩɽׯκεӶҪƺûӵֵַӣȻȫӣҪɱ

һа³漴ֻĪһͬʱϵҲˣлᶯַ㡣
ȻĪĿȴַ㣬ͺ
Ҫͺ·ʶʲôͲձȥȻʱһоȥֱӽסʱѪ֮٣ͺϵѪ⣬˳ϵţĪڡ
䣡
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ĪȻʳͺѪԼԪֻʱͺɫŤ¶ޱȿ־ɫĲţһή١
ȻĪȴһ̰ħܵͺһС
ͺӥһ¶־֮ɫ΢΢ţħǵıħаҲ뵽а
Ƭ֮ͺ廯һ߸ʬƤ⣬˵ϣѪջأĪ˿
ַĿ䣬Īѳƺڣа


0289 ɷ
а񹦷˵Ѫ⡢ԪեɣΪʬ
ĪһֱɽڣǺεȵа
ȻΪǿʵøֶΣޣһЩߵģ޺졣
аòܣȻҲͬ˸̾аǿлõҲһߵ磬Ϊʵϧһдۡ
ĪаɨַһۣЦҪżͷ͸ֵˡ
˵գĿ˻ϡ
ϵ͸ż־֮⣬ĪĹ̫аҪСġ
ַ㣬Զ㡣Ͽ˵ϣһŻӿ֣ӳ壬˿̵ûͺɢԡսǻ֮⣬ǻԵԪ
áַ˵ͷˣ侳һصܶԸ侳أ̫ԶڵԶԿڵĻֻûϷ
ߣ侳أԺúòˡ
ĪɭһЦ˳ŵŻϾȥȻ˿̵ĻϣŻ棬˫Ż棬Ҳ֮ǹ֮ϣȼ
һߣҲˣѩ趯к˪֣ѩعתռ䣬ıѩء
Ȼɿֲ⣬ûоֲʣӵޡʥ࣬ѩӡ
óģǺ֮ѩ⣬κεֻӵĵӦ֡
ѩأ
ͺһʱһɫ˪ѩڵӣԽԽռĵ֮һƬѩء
䣡
Ⱥ÷ѩɽׯˣóѩѩ似ǳȻ١
һն漴һվ֮ѩըѣ׶ŵϴ̳˵ͫһ
õϸǱѩԼȴڱѩ֮عֶΡ
죡
˫һб˪ǣ·Ҫ̳ɱ
˪䳤죡
Ҳͺһһ˪֮ؼӣ˲䣬ͱ壬˪ѩᣬΨ޾˵
Ĵ侳ǿڶսַվǣߵս
ϺĪһ侳ΪҾϵȻþսŻ趯ĪһʱĪҪʤϣѡ
飬ΪȶԷһַȴ˿еģ鱾Ǻ֮壬ηѩңʵжǿÿһսƺ
ͺӥ˺ͱѩɽׯˣҪæһˡ
ȺҲо޳Ʊõ̫죬ÿһǶΪַҪĨɱˣȴ֣ʵô
˵ͺӥϱѩɽׯĸˣַһߣ赲ɱѡ
ĿתַЩһıѩɽׯȺϣǴ¶һ˿Цݡ
Щˣûһ侳ġ
·ǲַĿ⣬ЩѩɽׯȺĿһַͣ㿴漴Ǿ͸оһ⣬ǵ֡
ַ㣬ɱǡ
һڰϵȺһַ侳˶ܶԸǣǴв
Ųַ̤㻺ĳǶȥһ
ʲôһѩɽׯ˶ַ㿪ڵдη֮⡣
ʲôַ¶һ˿ЦɫЩǧɱڣʲô
ҪɱˣַȻҲҪǵ
û˵ϻַɫ󷢳ŭ֮š
ã
ɫЩѩɽׯȺ㶼ɫһ䣬ַ꣬侳ǿ߶ס˵ǡ
תҪӴܣûսͷ
ַһЦ˳һɫޱȣ˲佫ЩѩɽׯȺס漴Ȼһȫ뵽ɫС

һҵĽЩѩɽׯһɫ˲оԼ屻ڻ˻͸ž
Ҫô
ǸŵĴϱεȵ磬Ȼζû뵽̤ųɱһ侳ˣȴΪǵجΣԶ޷جΡ
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ʱһޱȱĺǱЩһˣŵĺ󱲾Ӫǳ˿ַ̣㣬Ҫɱˡ
飬˳ַ㼱ٵ˸ѩһӡ
ȻñԸַ㡣
˫һһļ¶˳ɢ޾ĺ⣬Ⱥо궼ڴź
ģ
ͺһһεĺӿñȻһȻתȻһ̣ȴƺһɫķ˿ϣһƵİѩ
Ҫɱңȴɱǣô
ַдһɫصȻЩѩɽׯˣȫʧ
ɫ԰ףӿ޾ɱ⣬ȻʱٶȺϣɱǿ飬ɲַ벽
ʼ˵ƽĮΨģʯ
ѩɽׯַ㣬ù
ȺͷһʼΪԭַ㣬ŵ˱ԭԼ
󣬱ǰԵҪɱַ㣬˿̵ıˣЩѩɽׯľӢȫɱˡ
ǱѩɽׯͺӥҲù
ͺӥλ侳ǿߣӥ̤ɽ¥бɱôĶ֪
ͺǱַܣȻĪ˸ʬɱ
˿ЩͺӥȺĻɢ֮ųǣҲûͺӥˡ
һУΪַһ侳꣬˭˭ù
츳Ϊ츳ǿӵĵ£Ҳһնֱۣնţַ㣬Ǹɷǣ


0290 粨
սڼĪͻսңаŭײˣ˭Ҳκβ˭
ĪĹںаϣϵ似մ죬ǿػ¯ࡣ
Լ飬ͬսңľߣսȴϵǿټϸղػҪκ飬ܣսֻܽ֡
Щͺӥˣַܶ㣬ǣҲҡ
ɫ̫ˣֱӽ˸ǵ棬Ȼʴ̫̬
ַ㣬ˡ
Ⱥаһǿݣͺӥͱѩɽׯһ𣬶ɱַ㣬˵ģʵǿǼˡ
Ϻ飬ܶԸԷǿˣַ츳Ҳǿ侳ǿߣԣ˫
Ⱥп֮ʱһ̨ɫΣԶƮ
ɫΣλɴŮ̧ţͬʱεĺ棬˷ٵıţż·ûżƮȻɣڵϷɳۣλõĸо
˲䣬һӰսĳأֱ̤սΧС
ȺĿⶼһЩˣֻǺˣ
ȺеĿ˸£漴Ӱ˸ߵǰŽӰ̣ôˣ
ɫĻ뿪¶һӰʸ߹󡢵Į·һȣ˲ֱӡ
飡
̶Ц£漴Ŀ⣬ַϣڴַ˸¡
䣬ƤȴǳĺãϴŸ߹֮ʵԷǷ
ַ㣬𣿡
ַ㵭˵һʵ
ԡ
ַͷʲô𣿡
¡΢΢ͷַ㣬θУõһƹŶҲûʲôãڣջԪʯ˻㣬Σ
ַһˣΪ˾Уɵһ˿ĸоԷ˵θ󣬺ȻθˣȻҪջؾ֪ܿ˾Ǻ
ȥıƺûջصĵɣ
ַ㵭˵һĿ⿴ŶԷȻԸûظθġ
ȺҲ¶һ˿ɻɫַ˵ûõıУջصĵܣַ㣬ַˡ
£Ρ
ҿԳ˫ƷԪʯΪٶȿ˵꣬ƽ
˫ַЦֵֹǧƷԪʯϹʮ֮һֵǣĹ屦
ˣҲȱԪʯŶҲͦϲġ
ַ㵭Ȼ˵һѾõˣ³ĵ
ַ㣬ǧƷԪʯõĹŶڣҳһջ˵
˵ϲŶ۶Ԫʯַ̬ȼɫ
̣ôˣֲԤУƺʲôҪַ̺Ϸ
޹ء̵˵һ漴ٶȿַ㣺Ŷ㲢ûʲôôǣҪϣøθθȻм
ַ㣬ҡͷ
ڣʧϣ΢һ⸡֣һ⡣
֪ôһǿϣſȰַ㣬ƺ顣
ǣһҪ㽻أ
ַһҲ΢һ˿Įθ֮ƺǱ˷θİɣθֻǴΪڣҵõ˱ǣҲԪʯŶˣڣȴҪŶθ󣬾
ַĻΪ䵭˵죬һҪŶ򣬺ܳܵġ
ȺĻͷһһδƽһ
θ󣬾ҲҪԸַ㣬θʵǱͺӥҪֲΪ¡
θʲôʱҲҪˡһ̵ϵĻ֮ȻһȻը죬Īֿ˵ַԣõĶ
ڣθҲ˵ˣõıҲ֣θıǲҲˣҪᣬ֪֪衣
ȺϵĻ˰Եͷûθô̫ˡ
ⱦǴģǱҪŶԣڣȻҪᡭ

ĪһЦ̣аЦʲô費ģɱǣû˷ƨˡ
𣡡ַ㣬ĮҪңһɱ㣬ŶңҲ֮¡
̡ɫ΢Щ԰ףһ̣Ҫַ㣬ڣȻҪɱַ㡣
˵û¡䵭˵һҧ촽ͺӥͱѩɽׯκβַ㣬ѵԸַˣȻһ
ҪԸַĻ׾٣ַӲ
ʱͱҲֹͣս˵ַߡ
ַĿ䣬һαȶգڼαвˣ
ЩǿˣвαΣûнΪʵ
ַʵǿ˭ҶõıҪȥ
ܺá
ַ㿴¶һ˿аЦݣĮĵǿԣвңɱΪǹŶΪһܵõ𣿡
üȴַǵЦԽԽа˵Ҷˣ֪θΪʲô޳ܣҪõĹŶ𣿡
ַĻ£һĵס죡
ס죿㶼вҪɱˣס죿ɱңΪǵˣ桢Ц޴
ַǸһ˿Į֮ɫȺ³
ҵõǹŶϹʮ֮


0291 ǧӰ
Ϲʮ
ַĻڿռлصȺݺݵĲ£ϹʮǺε֮ǲ֪ʲôҲļֵĹ屦޼֮
ѹθϧΥԭȥıȺûַ̫ĻգַθõһŶ˶֪˿̣θȻͷȻǹŶֵǣȻҲθô
ȺóϹʮܹõ
ϳԵַ㿴һۣ֮â˸ݣʦϹʮҲ˵һĴһͬ㣬ʦϹĴļֵԶ
ҲʹͨĶƵֻƷʹþ˵ľƷˣֻһƷ֮𣬲̫ࡣ
磬Ʒ侳һصصǿߣƷ侳ص侳صǿ߶о޴ãؾ磬еĲ಻Զ
ĪɭɭһЦаʹãˣҲԽԽаˣˣֱܹöٺƤң֣ԾȤɱַȤһˣй֮
̣ͬǱѩɽׯõȱΣ
ԣҵõȱ𣿡ͷȣ챦õˣţͲˣѩɽׯ϶ҪȡҪңԱѩɽׯʵܱܲסҲδ֪̫ãõ˱һ֮߳ѩ¡
ˣѾڻԼõˣǶûôǿߣƾʲôǵõ
ʱΨɫ֮ǰһû뵽ַ֪ʼ߼ۻع棬γַۣ㶼һڻؾ뵽ַ֪ܿ˹ŶǾ
ǣвַ㣬вãһвֱַӽڣһ£ȫ˱õ˾Ҳһ߳ѩˣϢ»ἫٵĴȥ
һõҪ㱨ˡаһĿⶢַ㣬һĨɱ⣬Ŀ֡
ɱңַЦ漴Ⱥ˵Ī֪ǶҪҵǺֶԸңɱǼǣʶԸθܵõ𣿡
ַ㵭Į˵һĪͱĬθΪų֮֮һԲ˵ͺӥܱȵģȫǱ˲᣿θʵһǿ
෴֣ɱθˣˣû˺֮ǣǸáַٶȿڣ£ûԶĵˣȻĪͱɱҲͬɱԷͬʱԸ֮ˣձȻ׶༪١
ַ㣬ΨȽǲ߷ٲֶԸԼ
ַ㡭ַ㣬ϵҡͷû뵽ַ̺㣬˿̶ҪɱԷ
Ҫɱˣѵɱ
ַ㿴ĮԶԣû̶ҪɱַˣַΣΨɱֹɱ
ַĻĿ˸ַ˵û֣ɱַΣųǣѩɽׯõ˾Ҳ߲ȥ

ĪɭɭЦ£˵˭Ҳ
ţһ漴Ц£Ҳ˭
Ϻꡣ
ַһĪգǵĪ˵ŷӦ
ַ˺θײɽۻٳ֣ķˣθʤַʤȻԪˡ
ȻַĿľѾﵽˣλ侳صǿߣڳԸθ
̣˿Ҳַ㣬СһеôöԸΣ
ȻųֻǼСһ֣ԸЩˣ㹻ˡ
Ȼһұȫ㡣Į˵ŲΣƮ
ͬʱλ̧εŮӣ˸λңϣһƮȻʡ
λ̧Ůӣһӹ֣ȫ侳ǿߡ
θ󣬺ǿַĿ΢̧εŮӶ侳ǿ
ˣɱеĴʯСַָ㣬Į˵ַ㣬ųǣֱܲĳأһǷڴʯУ㣬ҪɣûŮץַ㣬ǣɱ
ͽˡ
˵һһӣӰ˸˲䵽˻Լǰ
˦䣬ʱ޾λӰ֣·˸ǣһɲǣϺӰƺˡ
侳ء
Īͱʶ֮ˣȻóʵһҲֻ侳أȴֱӶԸϺˣˣܹǶײ൱侳صǿߡ
ŮˣðԵ
Ⱥͷһ֣ռ·ֻʣӰӡ
̵ǧӰΣԽԽˡеȴ֪Ǻζʵַ㣬Ѿ˼ֺøУڣ̣ȴҪɱַ㡣
Х̽Ϻ֣ǧӰûбѵ촫˶ֽܹܵսĿֲв˻
ʱλŮҲˣƮƻã˲ϢַΧסÿˣһλַѷɡ
䣡
һҵײ⽫ַ֣ü̧ŴӵսеӰʱ飬ƺŭˣҪ޾Ӱӡ
飬Ҫҡ
ַ麰ַΪܲϧһУң֪һصΪ޾ĺʴ壬ַ㣬ô
ԸԼܿ࣡
Ǳҵģл͵Ʋл꣬ܣһɿֲϢӶ


0292 
ŮһĨɫ漴Ʈһƣĸֱӳַɱȥ
侳ǿߣȻֻ侳һأԸģǽֻ侳Ϊַ㣬ɱַ㣬Ҫַа󡢳١䡣
֮Ԫ֮ڿռХַɱȥͨ侳ˣ޷һС
𣡡
ŭ𣬻һͷɫߣߴʮףɫߵַ㣬˲佫ַַ壬ֱӳ˼ʮ׵ĸ߿գĿ⸩·
ðԵ꣡
Ǹ߿յߣȺͷַ꣬Ҳ֪ʲôޣǿ
ʱַ΢΢ţֲϢţ͵Ĳл꣬Ʈš
ɱ
ϵŮһ𣬳ַ

ַͺһһɿֲϢһ׸߰
𡭡
һޱĺߣ쳤Х˫ľ޴ͫףޱȵ𺳣ͬʱ壬øӴߣ档
𣡡
ŭХһɫ߸£Ӵ˲佫Ůȫסſֲľ죬Ůɹȥ
󣡡
ַߵŭһӰηſ˻Ϻ飬ַȥ
ΪƾŮʵɱַ㣬ֻҪɲǣû뵽ַ㻹ֶΣַϣдܡ
¡
ŭһ߾ߣôףͷһͣҪ
һ⳯ȥһ棬Ӱһͣ˲ַ㣬Ȼת漴ȼյĻֱӳײ
䣡
ŰĻŰ֮ռ䣬͵漴һޱȱĺн٣Ҳˣ첻ϵӣƬĿռ䶼סǻ棬⡢ͬ棬Ϊıҡ
һߵַվУ޴ɫ֮βס壬ɫſľ޿ڣֱӽһŮӸˡ
һ侳ǿߣ
˿ɫߣ꣬ޣӵ
꣬ôӵԼ
Ⱥͷ꣬˵һִʽãܹս޵ʵϱǿҲǿ꣬վǸǴûмַ꣬·ߡ
ʱ֮βסַ㣬Ŀա
ɫߵͫףȴޱȵı
Ҫɱҡ
һȺ࣬ݺݵĲ£Ժֻоһը죬ȻǴ³ģȻȴַ
ַ㣬ɫַ꣬㣡
ȺĿһٿ˫޴ͫףдı֮ɫͫס
ַ㣬ȫĿ꣬껯ߡ

Ⱥ³ñֶ̬ΣȻȫĿ꣬ս
ЩȺ𾪣Ǽǿ侳ǿߣǳ𺳣ַ̫ˡ

Ī¶а⣬ֶΣһҪõ
ַ㣬Ǹ
ʱ侳ǿѾɫڵ棬΢Щ٣еıͫףǵͷҲ˿˿⡣
ÿµ꣡
ǣʱˣʶַĿ¡
ԭɱͺӥλûоȫѹη壬ֲ뿪ųˡ
ַֻȻûϵ滹ᷢô£Ǳѩɽׯǿɱ漴θҪ
л
ɫߵͫ׶·ַĦԽϽɽ֮ʱϸ֮ˣʹϼɱǿ꣬ȫӳ
ַ㣬õ߼䣬лֳȫ굱УȼЩл꣬Լ꣬껯ߣøǿ
ȥ꣬ǿǶԸ侳ǿڣԣԼֳĲлΪǿս
ֶͨΣΪ
ɱ
ַŭһ䣬ģߵŭ𣬴з
ַ꣬ƬɫĺãƬɫĺɫѪҺУȻ־
Ӵ߸£ط·ҪɰԵѹ壬侳Ůӣо˿˿־֮⡣
ӴߣȻҲ͸պôﵽ𣬵ȴӵ޵İԵԼ˵
Ǽˣóǻⱻַصʩչò
Ի꣡
һȴŮӰ˸·ڵϻûӰӣڿռ趯Ⱥоۻңһƴ
޴
һŭȴַͫôĮͣûܰĶҡ
ǻ֪˿̵־ڿ꣬еһУıǱ۾˺һı壬ΧһУһռ䣬Ժи֡
֮޾ԻӰʧ侳ǿߣ֪٣ɵˡ
Ӵߵǰ߸ϵǿ侳ȴԵôСӾˡ
һˣ侳һصŮӣֻʣһˡ
ŮվڵϣȻ徹΢΢ĲۿԼñɵܲ־壬ս־Ѿʳˡ
޴ĮĶͷĿ־ԽԽʢ
ڣ־ѣתȻսֱӶݣ侳ǿߣսӡ
ϧӵõô
ɫȻ˲佫ûλ侳ǿߣȫ
¡
һɺ嫵ľҲͻԼֿʧˣɫüɭ
ɱǣɱŨҲûеȻ֡
ҲɱǣҪɱθˡߵ³һĻɱңñɱ׼


0293 
Ӵɫͷ­֮ϣַȵǣɽգµɫߣθȺ䶯ţθͷһ
ңŭһ߸ϣʱĮɴżָʹ
ңһЦϡ飬Ůˣͽˡ
š΢΢ͷĿⶢŮˣÿ˿ûн϶С
ɫɳǰƶţƬ̣㵽θȺǰ
ʱһӰַǰ
Ҫϵҡͷ
ҪǾ޴֮дһ˿ĮθҪɱңҲɱǣУɱҵʱƺҲûֹɣڣʲôʸң
ַͷһûθҪɱַ㣬ûֹΪֹˣȻˣƾʲôַֹ㱨ʲôʸȥַֹ㣿

Ӵ˦屻ƿ漴õɫߺɨһҽУЩθˣȫޱǿϣڵһж顣
𣡡
ƻõĺٶȴɫ˳¾θˣ˫޴ͫ׵УûͬΨɱ
ɱֹɱ
Ҫɱʱ˭ͬߵע磬ģֻԼĸ죬㲻ɱˣҪɱ㡣
ܿ죬ɫǰģһ߾߱ʬ壬θˣȫɱˡ
Զɫޱ䣬ɱŰˣ⣬ȫɱ޲ַĨɱȻʱĻԼǰǰֺ
Īͱ϶һ˿Ц⣬аЦ
ǲϣһߵս֣սԽңԽ
޴ɫ߻תͫɱ䣬ɨȺ
ַȺİȴû֪˿ַıѾЩ㱣ǳ
ʹ꣬껯ޣԾ̫ˣַ㣬ѾоЩ֧Ųס
ĪһЦŲ΢΢ǰһС漴ͻȻַȥ
˳ſռַȥ
ɫȻˣܹоõߣվַ꣬ޣֻ侳һصȻܹɱ侳ˣԸңĨɱַ㣬߲ơ
𡭡
ȥֻ޾ԽԽ֮ӰסһѪаϢдһɫߣɢɫĺ漴صַ
ַ㣬֧Ųסˣ̫
彵ڵأַ㿴ѪͬʱһɱޱȵϢס
ĪͱˣҪȻĴʯ䡣
ɱң
ַɺЦ˿ûʶΣ
΢ʱ⻪˸ַУһŶŹ֮ĹŶ
Ŷһʱ˵ͬʱһ˿ַ㽫ŶóȻŶǾ
ЩδϣȺǰʱ˿˿ϣ֮ɫĿȣҲ漣ء
ҪľȥɡַŭһʱֱӳĪȥ͸Ī
ĪͫһЩַȥپַ㣬ֱӽס漴Ȼһʱȥ
ţŲһ磬ֱĪ˿̵Ѿַˡ
Ȼַɱĵӣɱ˲ٱѩɽׯˣǼҪǵõ˾ͿԿѩ£Ӵ̨
ǰܴ
ַɱ֮޵ĪĪаַɱɱַˣõֱ˴ָУȻתɶݣٶȿ쵽˼顣
û뵽ô׾͵õ˾Ī˿̺޲쳤Х
ɱַ㣬ȵʵǿ󣬻ɱַ㻹׾٣ؼһʱڰȫҪġ
ߣŭһ˳ҲĪȥַ֮£ҷһߡ
һλϺ鶼û˵ַߣĿ⿴Щ˸뿪Ⱥ
ôõġƮ˵һĿ⿴ַ֮ʱϵҲ¶һ˿͡
ַ㣬θвʱ򣬶óΣ֮ʱرȴ˵üͷûһ¡
ʶԼֲ츳һˣܲɴ
ַɫ΢Щ԰ףЦ£Уһŵ
ϣѪĵպã⣬һٳֵ㡣
ַ㽫ݸϣգûлϣ֪ν֣ĪͱԸˡ
㣬ַġ
ĿһâҲûпֱӽѪĵӹ漴һַָҪĶռˡ
лл
ַӹҩ漴ϣʵΣ
У鵤û⣬Ʒɹһ㣬ٸ߼ĵҩͷˡ
Ʒɹһ㣡
ϵʵѾǳˣȻʮֻܹƳɹһöƷƷֱ侳һص侳صǿߣϣȻв˶
֪ûȤһ¯ҲԶָһַ˵һ
ϳƬ̣漴Цһû⣬ǾͲҪ𣿡
ҵʵҪ𣿡ַҡͷһЦ
Ҫٿǲôù񣬾ųǳֵϢѾɢ˭Ҫõ뿪ųǣôףһʱУųǣΪĳһƬѪȷ磬䲻һܶرƾеĵټҲһЩѣҪǰԸһЩˣҲûôѡ
Ц˵ַһâ
챦֣ûһǿԽסôⳡ籩ɲ׵Ϩ


0294 ෢Ϲ
һҵУַϥ棬ĿգȻڡ
һԪϵĳַ룬˿̵ַ㣬󺣣ϵ޾֧
ͬʱԪУ֮Ʈַ㣬תл
ˣһսѾ죬ַһֱҵУ
ָԪָͬʱٶʹòлѳл꣬Խǿ󡢲лԽ࣬߶Խǿս֮ʱҲԽࡣ
ַ㣬ҪǿʵеҪƻûлָ֮ǰַͿʼԲ꣬Լ׳
ΪʵѣܣҲԸܡ
һδţвҪɱҲÿһζΪģ飬ӦŶԣÿζ
תۼ䣬ʱȥʱҵϵƷԪʯѾ˲٣ַԪɣԽԽǿˡ
ɫԪ⻪Хĳַ嵱Уַ˸оޱȵˬ
Ԫת£ַһƾӨ͸İ׹˸ޱ貣⾧Ө͸İ׹⵱У·̺ǣԪ֮ȻֻһƣԪ֮ĳ֣ζַ㣬侳ԽԽˡ
䣡һ޾Ԫͻأû䵽ַ嵱УͬʱһԪ׹⣬ųһ貵Ĺ漴˲Ϣʧ
ŵ΢΢ſַ㳤³һĨâ
侳أ侳ֽһֻһˡַ૵һǰʱ⣬ʱ䶼оߵļ䣬һֱһԣֱ񣬴ս֮Ϊˮɣڿ侳أ䣬ֻһ֮ң
Ϊ侳أȻַûıϣлһת
ַ㣬һ̶ҷɣ۶ôôʹ࣬һУֻΪеΪƾƲ񷣬Ϊ˲衢һҪɱˡ
ַ֮ʱѾ֮ҵ棬һͷܿʱȴûڡ
ַҵԱߣǰ䣬һۿȥǳһΨ֪˲ǳ񣬱ҵһ֡
飬ӦҲϾһսҲ
ȥˣ
ַеһŲſͷһȥһţ棬ж죬Ųٵķ䣬һ䷿ݵУųȵϢƮϢ֮⣬ҩ֮ζ
Բԣͷһ裬ӦǧҶȻлգƲŶԡ
һִǳȵķдȻǻϵ˿̵ƺںִʲô
ͷŴˣǧҶԻ֮ôҩЧȣҪƳѪԲܡ
һԵ˵֮ˣƺͻһһߣдżƫִִ
ǺѪг˷硣
ַһ漴УֻϺһԶ˴۵Сۣƺ˵˶Էǵԣһ޴¯
ϣȻѪĵóͶԷȻͶԷĹϵǱѰ
ַһۣͷĳ෢Եмֿ񱩣ߣַȻм۾ˣø
ǳ෢Ҳַ㣬ַ΢Цŵͷ
ǰַ΢΢ǷǶԶԷء
ַ㣬Ѫĵṩģ˵˵һ裬ǲҪڵǧҶԻաϻźͳ෢۵⣬ַ˵һ
ƨգܹ֮ǧҶȵɢҩЧûкѪںһ飬ƵóѪ
෢ߵŻϣ
ִ£ַȴ¶һ˿Цݣ磬һ˺Լ˼ɵִǹĶǣҲһĽ£ѡ
ϣǰѪĵҲоһҵǳƲѪܺλǰһջϵķһԣҲδɡ
ַ㿪˵һǳ෢ü
ַ㣬ҪʲôǰҳͷУҲ㻹ûнӴ֪һ;ԽԽãԽ࣬ԽңΪ޷֤ͬһϣǷǳϽģǰ裬ֻҪһСߴ̽䣬ҩ¯ѡ
෢˵һ˱˸ʺϡ
Ȼ֪ҲҿԽַЦ£漴˻Ϻͳԣ֮λ
λǰ֮ܡ
ַ˵һ漴ϣϺͳһۣ漴Ҳ۾ͷԼȥܡ
˲䣬õĿռ䵱УϺͳ϶ܵ˶Էƺ˫Ŀ⣬ŭĿӣܵĿռ䣬ǲ̫һģиĸй٣ܴͬһ࣬Ҳһܵԭ
Ȼڴʱһõİ׹⻺ĳ֣Ӧַ
Ű׹⻺ţ漴ǵ궼ȥʱǵ꣬·һƬ磬˵꣬ƺȫͬˣܵȫͬ硣
׹ǵţ漴¯УϺͳ϶ĸܵԷ֮ʲô
ʱ׹ͻأʧĸо˲Ӱ٣ϺͳϵĸܣһηֿǵĿзâ˸һַ㡣
˺һ
λǰַ㣬ȷѾ˺һַ֮˵ͷϺͳ϶ĬƬ̣漴һۣЦ
ͷʶַ㣬һ£˺һ֮ˡ˿ͬʱͬһҩЧԼɵʣ֪Ҫ߶١
ϴЦ˵ǰһʵַ֣˺һ֮ͱüˣһֹȷĸȻ͵ֻͣʦԣַ㣬ȴӵֻᡣ


0295 ཻ
һλϲδͳ磬˵ͷЦȷʵ£ʮޣ˺һ֮侳صΪɱ侳ǿߣ˵ʵҺڴַɳǺεȵİԵ
šϵ˵ͷҲ˵ַ£ңųѾը˹ȫַַ㣬ӵк츳ЩŵνźǸ
Űѵһǲ㵱ơ
ϣҲڴܹ֤һǿߵĳɳһ˷ܵ顣
ַ΢Цҡҡͷ츳Ҳۣʵȴ̫˱ǿˣҪǿʵϣгһգأ̤֮ϣǵȺεȵĲ׳
ϡϣһһѪƣȿ¯ɡַ˵һϺͳâ˸˿˿ڴ֮⣬漴һƵҩϸڣƷƼĸӣϺͳȻۣҲûдȥơ
ַĳ֣ǿһ˿⣬ƺԡ
ϺͳϣҪǸĻֻƳƷͨ˺һʱһԣܸġ
ϺͳϵĿ⣬ַϡ
׼𣿡ַһ˶˵ͷ
ϣַ˲֮磬ڣƮϺͳϵ֮ڣ漴¯롣
΢һŻ֣¯ڻ׼õݡ
֦ϵĮĿڣԼ⣬һԪ֦֮˺ѣ漴Ͷ¯Уȵķɢš
˴ַ㸺ǣǵ꣬𡢳ҩ
ÿһ裬ɵĽţһҩ֮ζڿռ¯ΧĻ棬ԽԽʢ
ѪãϵͺһţҲ׼ãһųɫʺѪ˳¯ϿڣĽ¯С
ǧҶٺȣʱǧ곯¯жȥһųɫĻ棬˲佫ȫİס
ȻƮǧҶôȳƣ棬޷ǧ궼ͬĳ̶ȡ
㡣
ϵͺһǿУǧǾȵķֲڻ浱УĺѪڡ
һ裬ѣҪһʱϺͳϵüͷţͷŵǿϣźˮĺܴ
ڴʱ꣬Ա߻䣬ûϺͳһҪʧ
Ҳʱǰǵͻأʧ˲ĸогӿһʧ䣬Ʒ˺޷ƳȥƿأȵǶ̤侳֮󣬲ſܹƳɹɡ
׼˳¯ȻڴʱȴͻȻ֣ɰǧڵ¯ŰţǧҶȫȻԷѪ֮ϣѪɫĹ⻪תͣ·ǧҶҪʢޱȵѤ
ַ㡢ַ㻹ûз
ϺͳϵȻһٶ˳һƿػһƿݣֹһЩʱ򣬵¯еȫڻֻһѪɫĹ⻪̿ĺҶ棬ǧ棬ޱȡ
ϣϴһѪɫĺҶıպϣǧȫУ漴ڻвϵʵϵСԲεĿҩ֮ζԽԽŨһѪɫĹ⻪ǳεԲοϲת
Ϲϴ漴Ȼһȣɵ
䣡һѪɫĹ⻪𣬳׼գŽݳƣȻһ̽ݶѪɫץס漴˻صڣƻ̯һѪɫԲȻУѪɫĿϣɲϵѪɫ⻪תݡ
ˡ
ɹˡ
˵ж¶һĨŨŨ˷֮ɫ漴໥ӣֻĴ֣һǵģ·ˡ
˵ףһѪ̫ľҴʱĻϺͳϣоЩѡ
ͷ˴Ѫƣַ󣬵ṩģؼʱ̣ҲǿûҩɲˣѪ͹ַ㣬ΣϿ˵һֻ׼һŵҩĲϣܹƳһѪѾҡ
ҵȻûѪ͸ùַ㡣΢Цŵͷ
ַ˵Ļͷ˿˿ů⣬˵ϲ⣬Ķǣ½ϣвػΪֿģϺͳȻǣѪƷˣмãǷ棬ಫȥģǣȴԸøԼ
ȻҲΪֿϺͳϲܳΪôõѰɡ
ЦЦַҡͷϡϣѪûеκһ˶УЭƳɹģҲû˭ʹһ˵ڵҴӦϵģ㲻ṩⵤҩȻҡ
ַ㣬ܾƷջ
ҪɱԽն֮ɱˡ
ϴַԸཻ
Уʵǳⵤҩдáҡͷ
ϣⵤҩɲǶдãԶҲͬңʵѪҲһ죬˷ҩ˭ãǿʵҡ
ַƴǣϺͳ϶΢΢Ĭַ˵Ҳʵ侳˷Ʒ˷ѼҩЧ
ͷðɡϲҪַ㣬ҩݸϡ
ػϻҡͷϹȻϹңʵǱǿģⵤҩãʺϡ
ƨʲôʱˡϺܲˬĵ
㲻Ļַһ¡ϲм˵ַЦô˵ȥˡ
ʲô֪ϡϣǿŰɣⵤҩǾãҪ֮˲źá˵գֱַӿûϺͳ漴ͬʱЦ


0296 ǳ̲
ַ뿪ֻʣ»Ϻͳϡ
Ϲ˵ģСһЩΪȴҸѾ侳۷ˣ츳ҪãѪ׳Ѫǿ꣬õĻܿ㾳ϵõͻƣ侳ؾ磬⶯ųǣҲ˼
ϵĿм࣬˵ϹǾͲҪˡ
ϵĿ΢΢һĬƬ̣ڵ˵ͷá
Ϲôַ࣬츳˺һľ磬ԺõĵҩԴԴ㻹һò𡣡
ţϵĿ΢΢һŻϵ˼ǡ
΢΢˵ͷµû׼ַ㡣
ַ㣡ͫһַ㣬侳ϣ侳صǿߣȻ˵ԼҪַ㡣
ԣַ㡣ϲЦĵϹַҲй
üͷͷ˺һ֮صַʦϡ
Ϲ˵ˡҡͷ
ˣ
ԣˣ˺һ֮صеķ棬ֻҪַԸ⣬УԳΪǿޡʦʦ󷨴ʦеһУֻҪԸ⣬ԣ츳󡣡
ϻ˵óϵһû˺һ֮ټǿ츳еһУ츳
ϹַΪ˺츳ҲˣֵΣ֪Ȼ侳ǿߣ䲻СԼǿ֮ǵ֮ʱųǻһʱվҪַ㣬вһĻᡣ
ϵĻͷһûͨˣһ٣ޣ侳侳ǿܹһʮꣻ侳ӵʱ⣬ɻᵽޣ䣬ǿһ磬ӵԪʱ⣬ȥ׷ϵ
ǣȻųǻ磬۴½ʲô㣬ңᵽ֮գΪûл׷
ףѩ̿ѣϹַ㣬Ҫ֣ڸַ㶨мģգַ֮ʱҪ˭ں㡣
ϼ˵Ϲǳ̲ƵգлΪеһ֣֤һŵ𣬺γһ£ңҲַ㣬ǻл׷Ѱǲ
ǳ̲գ૵ңɼĲлᴥ𣡡
ϹԼú룬ȷѪһ¾磬Ұ㻤Ͻϵ˼ϵ˵ͷá
˵գ˳ҷȥ
תһʱȥųǣӿ
ڵĸ֣ٹųǣѩɽׯۣ⣬Զѩ±Ե֮صϼڣиǰͬʱʳǣšǻңиųǵС
֮⣬һЩ֪ųѾΧǣֻ׼Ǻˣ̤ųǰ벽
еˣֻΪһĿģϹĴ֮
Ϲ汦û֪кǿЧȻܳΪϹʮ֮һĹ屦
ϹţָĿɲѩϹţǾ½Ϲţܱ½ϵѩ³֣ܲѪȷ硣
˵ѩ¹֪ѩ汦Ҳᡣ
ʱųǵһƾɲݵУһŶңõڵϣͷ΢΢ʹš
ȻУȴ˸һа⡣
һȺ쵰аӴ˵³Ŀ⣬һ֮ɫĺ䡣
ˣյõ˾Ī
֮鲢еǰãĪõű֮⵽أķΧɱҪųǣȴˣ˺ԽԽǿ߻ڹųǵУĪ߶߲Χˡ
˿̣ϵ˺ۣΧˣȻҲС
һ󱲣زأ׷ɱޱȵı
ϳصĺţĪԪתϢΪȣʱ䣬˲˵ԪѪµĺҲĳˣؼʱ̣ԣǻԵġ
ʱĪüͷһа˸ԶȺ߶
ʦãһݣǹȥһŮ漴вٽŲ
Īа˸ήһ䵱УƬ̺ٻӰ߽ݡ
ʦ㣬㿴ˣǻǻطɡһŮ˵
ʲôǡǱʦΪԵ漴ǰߵĪߣĮĺȵϼڵˣҪڴ˵Ϣ㻻طɡ
ط
ĪǷһϸ΢漴Դ̧а˸ʦһɫ䡣
ݡݡ
һٵ趯˲佫סԪ;Ѫϵıš
ֲļҪܣֻ˲ϢֱǵεסǸǰ
ʦҽһ漴廯һ߸ʬڵϡ
ԵһŮҲˣλŮӣֻʣһˡ
ĪȻڴ˵ءһ漴ݱסĪȻһ˲ɱŮӡ
䣡ѣĪֱӳ˳ȥ
ĪѾ׷ôãӡԶޱĮ
ӡ
еŮһаĺ漴ڵϣɸʬʦ㣬ڲϵĲš


0297 ϼ
ʱ֮ڣһӰУŲᡣ
Ů΢΢£̧ͷǽеӰϴͭߣŵ˫ֳŵأϵĺš֮ͭµΪżĮ֮⣬ȴδŮƺ˼ʲô
ĪͱȻңƺĪϣ׷ɱԵеһݣַĵطԶϣ;ס⸽
ղų߶һ£ܵгǵĺ⣬㳯߶漴Īͱ
ԶŲٶȴðԵĿ˸£һڿն׼뿪ǵ¶ˡ
¡һĺԵճݣоһ͵ѹ£Ϊֱӳſкȥ
¡һ죬̼ըѿԵֱӱѹ£˵֮ϡ
ǰһĮɨ˰Եһۣ漴ʬڵϵŮ
ºаֶΡɫ͸һɹɱ⡣
˲ɱġԵĮ˵һԷȴûɱǿҡ
ɱģΪһţ˵ɱλʦãͼСʦв֮£ײ룿
˲ɱġڵϵŮվĿЩ䣬ʦ֣ղʦ֣ڲԶɣӦĿλʦ㱻ɱǺ֮ʱʦ֣ȴٳûг֣ȵԵ߽ݣץ֣ʦ֣ÿЦ
ʦ֣֪Ը֣ҪðԵ
ʦãģȻʦܵ۸⣬һΪλʦñġŮ²ȷðԵģʦúһɱȴȻֶûõνķţ
ţԵüŮΪԼ壬ԷȴҧԼ֣ƺô򵥰ɡ
ɱΣһ֪֡Ůһ˿ɫ
֪ôһͣŮ崿ɫһ˿а֮ɫʦñɱʦøΣ
գ޳ܡŮɫ΢ףΪѿͬʱԵҲ˹ԭˣҪ
ʦã㻹ôݲɳӣҾϲôŮˣϧעֻһҹЦһֱ⣬Էȴôĸһֱн٣ټϸղŷһУеаҲڱ
յĻصɫ԰ףòҪ
ʦãҪɱ֣ٺúܡ
аЦ£漴ĮĿ˰Եϣɱ˸
Եû˵â˸µУǵĺԼԵ֮⣬Ӳµš
ʵ侳أƷֻ·һЦһϼɫĵ֮һ侳Ϊ
һսŲޱߵӰϼ⣬޾Ʈ׽͸
նԵһԵһն£·ռ䶼Ҫ˺ѣȻһն޾ϼ֮ϣȴ޴·ն֮ء
ϼڵϼƣǵؼ似Ƴϼޱ޾Բ׽ȻǱУȴֲֿޱȡ
䣡һӡ˰ԵϣðԵƺһŲˣ侳صΪӽ֮ѾƿһԪѶԸ
ѩ¹ڶУϼΪƫƧ˭Сϼڣţ˰˴֮⣬ն˵֮˿˿ưأĻƺڶ˵Ů˾ȻϣǿЦ
𣿡
ռ֮Уһޱȵȴ翡
յüͷһ壬漴һ˭
ԵһĨЦݣ˴⣬˭ܿ죬վͻᷢĻж޴
˵ôﶼ֪ЦԵ¶һƽ֮⣬Ц˵
죬ͷ¶β֮ǺһˡĮ䣬һȻתĿǡ
ֻʱվһӰϢĳ֡
ɾݣ֮ˣҪᣬʣм֮˵
Ǻˣնַ㣬Įʵˣ͸ַվǣ͸һĸоȻ翡
ĳ֮ˣǰ˴ӣ룬ǲģȻαҪʣֻҪ֪Һ㣬ǵ˾͹ˡ
ַһĨЦղԼ˵˴֮⣬ˣС
ȻŸ߰ҲԸƽ޹ʵУпܣҸԸ༸λѡҡͷ˵ַ㣬͸ûаա
治Ҫһգ޳ܣǸ˸еġ
ҵѣղҪɱ˵ѻǵˣַЦָָԵôҲᡣ
ҪϼںĵӵڶˣʲôԴ󡣡
֪޷ɫ˲ֱĮϼڣŶԷɵɡ
һ£ַЦ΢ͻأʧԭأһγ֮ʱֱյǰ
ŭһϼٶʹöռ·ϼ֣ӰΣ׽͸
Ȼ޾ϼӰ˺һַ֮ǰΣָһ˺ѣĺХֱָ֮ӵ¡
͡͡

һҽյ屩ˣ˲˵ַʮ֮⣬ɫޱ˿ģ˿˿Ѫղַ罣һֱָӵҪ˺ƣÿֲж
˴֮ȫУȻšַЦȴ˵Ĵ̶


0298 
ַƵϼƣյƶص˸ţ꣬
㵽˭ĵѪĶַ㣬ĸŵˣΪû˵
Ȼղ˵˴˭ںЩţԴĿԣҲָ֪ûַһ
ַ㣿ʱһԵ£˵
ַ㣬ų𶯵֣䲻ʮˣȴնԭܵ£ɱ侳ǿߣϼڣŵĽö۹ַ㣬أҲüַݡ
ӡеַ㣬ӦǰԵģȻ˿̵վǰ꣬ȴ˵㡢ݣϵʺ֡
ַ㿴һۣϸһĨ΢Ц΢΢ͷЦݣȴص̲סһ
ͷˣַ㡣
ԹĽӢϼڵ˶ʶһַɣ˿ؼˣĿɾ͸Ц˸о崺硣
ַǸԵ̫ªˣַȵʸûС
ַ㣡յĿһ֣ͻأĸһɿ־֮⡣
ַ㣬侳ǿ߶ɱңնɱѩɽׯıԭԣϼڵַһɱ֡
ַ㣬»ЩᡣյͻȻһ˿Ц⣬͵˵˸ղôԵϻѪ
᣿ַǹһĨЦԵô
⼸λŮͬΪϼڵˣλŮӱĪɱ֪ԸĪɱ⣬貢ɱʣµŮӣҲϣװףûᡣ
ԵĮ˵ɫ
ȷʵᣬҲַ֪ѡռЦŵ
Σô磬ɱôڣɱ㣬ҲɱұǡַһЦŲĳǰյЦһ
ַ㣬֮޷֮һ֣⣬ʦ崿òϲŪ㿴Σ
սŲ΢΢ˣսѵӣַ⣬ս
޳ܡյĻɫһգֱ޳
ַŲһӰڴʱյһһɶɷ֮ʱڿռַһŲֹסӶʱɢȻ˿̵գȻץأַ㡣
ַ㣬㿴ʦ崿һֱ˼˵ôˣǲǻܿϧ
ַĿһû뵽Ȼˣвʲôյʦãַزʶգƫƫȴ飬Ī֮¡
أҲͬû뵽ջ߼ԣȻַĿ⣬ȴЩڴģĪλʦɳΪʬּյĳªĿĻĸоģƺҸУļС
еӰʱ֣ӢĻģ˿˿ĸоŮ˸п֮ʱױ˳룬ҲΪˡ
òҪַ㿴գĮ˵
Σַ㣬崿վôô㿴ʦãƤۣŸյʮߡ˿ûַĻ˵ذףϻ
ַ㿴˫۾Щ֣ͶԷӲʶ
Ǻǣ˵ǴʦãǲǾַڿַƺҲأ㿴ʦֶãˡռ˵ص建ˡ
иޱȣգʦ֣ȴа޳ܣвİˣַ㣬زʶȴΪûжɱգ˵ĶԱȣ˵
ԶһӰ˸߱ԶӰַüͷ΢壬յȴ¶һ˿ϲɫ
еذȻʧմ岻˸ˣλãҪɱϼڵˡ
ⱼȺϼڵˣ˲䣬ߡ
գô£
һϼڵɨһǰʬ壬ĵ
ϣַˣ͵Ϯңɱϼڵˣͼʦͼı죬ƴŵûַ֣øλϼʱе
տ˵ЩϼڵɫһĮĶַ㡣
ϣ޳ܣɱλʦˣҪͼıգղŻذ׷ϣвַ㡣ؽ˵̫޳ˣߵڰס
ʦãвַ㣿ַ㣬ʲôϵ֪㱻ַԻ󣬵Ÿλϵ棬Ҳɡ˵һɫ԰ףһʱ侹˵
أݵú֡һϵĮ˵һĿһͣˣʦҲңա
ˣұ졣ǳٶȺһص촽յȴһ˿ĮЦݡ
õ޴ŮˣǺˣϼڵţص˵Щûпۿղŵ£Ҳһֻ۱һֻۣպȣϼڶظҪԡ
ЩʲôˣһϼһȥŪô£ֻҪ֪վУģһأա
ϼڵĳĿⶼַϣ˿˿⡣
ַ㣬ôĵӣɱϼڵˡ
һλϱ˵漴ϼڵȺ˸ַΧС
ַ㿴ЩȺ䣬ղţսԵЩϼڵˣΪȥԲյĻԣҪַ㵱ô
ַģȻҪҪ͸᲻Щʲô˼
ǣҪַ㵱ô


0299 ɱ
ϣǶס֡ؿŵĳַΧס¶֮ɫ£ַ޹أôԲס
ġ
죡
صֱӱ˦˳ȥڵϣ̧ͷʦ𣬸оޱȵıǡ
ǰһֱŨŨĹУ̤ţŵԼļҡ
٣飬ӴУһֱΪĵط
ʵʱôпᣬһ㴥ĳЩĮʵıһʱأоͻȻˣţǰţûаζ
ʦĿ⡢ڳϵĮʶ磬ûеôãϼڵˣҲûеôС
۽һˮ£ᣬҲʶˣ˵ʲôźû˻
ַ㿴۽ǵˮ̾Ϣһ̫ˣûʶĵն̬
Ͳ˭˭⣬ĵ⡣
ʦãΪһˣֺοأȻλĳϡ䵭˵һرͫɨһۣеһУΪգⱰСˣոͲںĿ⣬ֻǿϧôһˣ֪ûл֡
λϣַ˱޳ܣ͵Ϯңɱλʦãջƭʦϵʮ¡
תַһЦɱ˸
ԣӣҪɱˣΪϼڵӱ𡣡һλϸ˵
ɱȻҪɱ
ϼڵȺһһ·ַУַƺѾΪ֮ɱɱ
Щϼڵĳϣ侳һˡ侳ؾˡһ侳صǿڣݣַѷɡ
һޱƳ𣬽ֱ
ֻʱַͷϿգϹ˸ַϣǿҵɱ⡣
ʲôȻ뻹֣ϼЦ̵ĵһ侳ˣȻΪΣջܷɡ
ǣ
һǿϢţ侳ȫ˺Щ侳ǿߣΧɱַ㡣
һַսҲ˵ˣɱ侳ǿߣȻֻ侳һؾ磬Ҳܴ⣬ĪҪôΧɱַ㣬ɱ
ǻҪɱǲ𣿡ǲţǿˣ֪࣬ҲҪɱַ㣡
վؿλųϣλϣض췢ģλʦ㡢һߣڲһа֮ʱֱɱλʦ㣬ɱңʱһб˳֣˾ûңˡ
ЩӦΪ棬Ҫұ˵˵Ҫҡɱڣַ֣޳ܵǣգȻץסңвַ㣬ַûɱ֮λϾˣаӰúɢ
òʶѾͷ
̫޴ˡЩϼڵһɫĮء
һصĶĤв죬һ
ٱӻϼڵĳˣ㣬ҲһɱһޱĮصԽԽھ
һУͽ͵ġ
ңҲһɱ૵һصͻȻһ˿ЦݣҰ׵ЦݣͻȻһɼϢϴĿһ
á
ַ㾪һһ˲䵽ص󣬵ƺѾˣһ죬صֱӺԼλã³Ѫһ仹δʢʻҪ㡣
ַסص壬ɫ˲ò԰ס
ɱأȻҪɱ
ɵõŮ
ôᣬʮ꣬ôĻȻȴΪʵĲпҪĴۣⲻĴۡ
ϼڵҲ£ȻصɱЩ⣬ǣҲһ㶣漴ĿָֻĮһӵǶԲС£΢ˣˡ
صĵ£ַĻУͷСѪǵ۾ַ㣬¶һ˿ǸЦݡ
ԲҲΪȡᣬҡ㡣
ѪţַСİϵҡͷ
صϵĲҰЦݣַȴоЦ˵ãϧȴҪ㡣
֪ǲңֻûʸҵĻ˵ǣԡֻܰ㡣
صĵ䣬ַͷ˿ͻȻҪĳ嶯
ǰγǺһôĵΪԼŬԸıˣȻпʵһΣۣ
Ϧغ͵ѧʱһ⡢ͬǲпʵҪѪĴۡ
⸶۵ˣӦ
ַ㣬ҳô󣬻ûϲˣһ°ɡͻȻһĨɬЦݣ漴ֲͽҵҲС
šַصĵ˵ͷܾܾһŮʱҪ
Դ΢΢£ַصĺѪ촽һǣѪŵ˵ͬϵĲһ
ϲĸо𡣡
صһĨߺ죬漴ǵ峺ĺϡ
ϣַٶͷ
ɱ
ɱɱɱ
һޱȿֲХַ³յУӰտ粽һޱǿ⣬Уɱء
Ϲ⣬ַźţϡԼ飬Ѿˣֻûѡ
ܵޱȿֲɱ⣬ϼڵȺͷȻһ


0300 ϼڵج
ÿֲϢϼڵȺǽַԵˣ΢΢š
˵ַԻλǿߣһóûͷԼһɴŮӣʱƺһˣǳ෢ߣң෢ߵϢƺֲġ
ϡϣɱһ
ַϵɱޱȣϺͻ΢΢ͷֲϢԽԽǿǳϣϢѾֲԽ侳ء
侳أϼڵĳ˿˿ĸо⣬ַߣһ˿µǿߣȻϺŮӶҪǿ侳صǿڡ
侳һؾ磬ʵ֮
⡣Щɫһѿɱַ㣿˿̣ƺΣյģǡ
ַ㣬дһϢϢܲ漣Ͻһöҩݸֱ뵽صУ漴Ԫһָӡصü֮
ַͷһϸĸ£ɵĿһûأдһϢ΢ղȫԼɱȻûз֡
ϡַдһĨϣ֮ɫһŻصüţϽָջأַ֮ˣЩѣƼأ󣬱
ַĿһûа취
СϳƬ̣üҪǿĵҩܾȡ
ҩַĿ˸漴صݸ飬æչ
鿴ַһۣĿһ˿ɫ漴ǵ˵ͷرڻС
ؽַ֮عĿⶢգһɿֲɱ⣬һɱֱ֮գյĽŲ̲ס΢ˣɫҰס
Ȼַһһ
ַ񣬺ÿ£ɱ̫ǿˡ
Ҳɱ㣬ڣַ³һޱȵɱ⣬ڵϡϣ鷳ˣȺˣȫҪɱ
þûˣͻ֮󣬻ûкúһսζء
Цһһ˲Ϣԭʧ
˲䣬һҽ֮ϵƣֱӡϼһϵϣ̼䣬ϵؿڣֱȼգһƬڡ
ϣ侳һصǿߣһ
侳һأ侳أ󾳽磬̫ʵ֮˲䡢Ĩɱ
ϼڵȺɫҰף侳ǿߣÿһˣŵĹ屦ʱȴ׾ٵıĨɱ
ңˣ뵽ǣһɱ侳ˣأ
һΣˣҲ죬Ǵˡ
ˣһֶԵСΪ׵侳ǿ˵
Ļδ£һɿֲĻϢ٣ǻϳ˹
ϹһסˣɱɣҿҪöá
˵ԸΨһ侳صǿߣʣЩ侳һԼصˣϹɱò˶þɱɾ
á
ϵͷӦһٶһ磬͵Ԫ֮תȺĿ
úӦ֮϶Ը侳صĳϣˣֿϵûУֻбɱķݡ
ʱٶȳһ侳һ֮ȥսûУֱӴܡ
Ȼ侳һصˣ侳صǿ߱ٶô
˲䣬ֲƽ٣Ȼͷ漴ͷϵģǰԵޱȵһ侳ǿߣɣ
ֻŵʼϼȺͷӣ侳صǿߣ̫ˣʱǺˡ
ΪյĻԣȥɱַ㣬أǲɱַ㣬һȺɱַ㣬Ҫծˡ
գ쵰ʱϼڵȺа쵰˭ȥǣƫƫŭַ㣬£Ҫϼڵ˳ֿµĺĺ
ʱַϣɫŭͬʱһɿֲޱȵĽֱŲ̤
յĲԽԽÿ£ʱַ㣬һɱͷ
ߣɫз˲Ϣ˳ֱӽǰһӰסУ˫ȿţţȻȴ޷ѷֺ
ַһһĨ⣬ڿռ˸ǿ֮˵ֹͣü£һѪۣ˵
ӡӡ
˵û˰ս⡣
Щ侳ĳϣ¾ţǣûַĶ֣ӣֻ·һ
ӣ
ַϵɱôǿңǹһĨĻȣٵɫͬʱ˳ȥЩܵ˾סС
ʱ֮ϣʮӰţԵü𺳡
ȫɡ
ַзһ̹ǵı֮˫ָ߾٣һԪ֮ս֮֡
֮ϣŻ֮⡢ɱ⡢ս⣬ңľ޴
ַգ貵Ľ⣬лʺѪҺڿţѪꡣ
һЩеȺȫնɱһ
¡첻ϴտŲڵϵʬ壬ĺݺݵĲţÿһ£ľͲһ¡
˶ˣֻʣһˣַ㣬һûɱ
̧ͷտַеѪɱ⣬ֻһɿ־֮⣬Ŀ־塣
Ҫɱң֪ˡ
ҡͷ˿̵գںˣǵɷǡħ
Ҳû˽ûƵַаЦ⣬Ψп־壬ˣȫˣ侳ĳϱɱ侳ˣַɱ⡣
֪ˣ
ַϸһĨЦˣ͹ˣ
㲻˵͵ϮڣҸᡣַĮ˵һȻսһҲ˲ôֱ࣬ӡ
Ȼյգɫֱӽס˻壬ַǰַ̧ͷܿڰյ
ߣַЦŰһҽյȣֱӱնϡ


0301 뿴ѹ
յ壬ɱڰյУնϵ˫ȣϵڵѪĲţʹ˻֮
ղһ޳ܶնַ㵭Į˵һâ˸һޱʹĺգһֱۣնϡ
ޱǿҵʹյˮޡҲʹޱȻںޣΪʲôΪʲôҪŭɷǣáܣ޾ʹĥš
һҶնַĮ飺һΪضն
Ľڿռ仮ʣµһֱַۣնϣ漴߷ſ壬ڵϣʹޱȵİš
ǰ޳ܡ׼ұҲ񶾵ķʽ㣬Ҳɱɡ
ַ³һ漴ʧ建ת

һĲҽһ侳صǿ߱Ϻͻɱ
ϼڵˣȫ
һǿߺ츳ĺųǣҪþȻûеõȴȫĨɱֻʣһգǸˣ
򣬽ΪһС£Ϊеаŵλʦñɱ˳ҲˣȴƫƫΪаҪأҰԵַ֡
漴ⳡɱųǵϼǿߣһ侳ء侳ء侳һأľӢ˿̣ȫɱӽϼעˡ
ֻΪַ㡣
صʬ壬ַޱ飬ûа
ϡǵɱ֮ʱЩ¶ĮǵģǱģɱˣַ
ַ㿴һ黳еأϣʵϣҪҪʲôҩ
ܵش𣬳⣬췦
ϻ˵óϵͫһ񵤡Ҫ񵤲ܾ
ַ㿴ͫ׵Ĳʵϣ񵤣ʲôĵҩ
ε񵤣ƷҩЧõ񵤣쵤
쵤
ַͷȻһ񵤣ƷʵȥŪƷ
ңֻޣܣأƺΨһ
û취𣿡ַ㿴һǵŮĿ
ֹͣȴܲתĻڵ״ֻ̬ά죬˥߶⣬벻ҩǿҩЧ
ҡҡͷַĽ³Ϊ
а취ʱһַĿ΢΢һ˵֮ˣȻ顣
ַϣĿ⣬ʹڵҿԽ⣬ֹͣһ˶Ҳ
ţһ飬
ܹĻһԣʱ⣬ȵлõ񵤣ٸãȻ
顣ַĿ⿴飬Ŀе˼Ȼס
Ȼȥɡ鱧أתŻϾסĵطȥַҲϣΨԵǼλ侳ǿϵĴָõ֣뿪
ȵ뿪֮ԶӰߣŵϵһ߾ʬ壬ǵķĲš
ˣȫˡ
Щˣϼڵǿߣ侳ǿڣڣȫ˵ϣϢޡ
ַǣÿֲȺвַ㣬ħǧǡ
ӽϼڣҪįˣôһǿȫųǡ

Ͼס֮أַȴţ飬شҵУҲ֪ˡ
ȴһЩʱ̣֮תſӰſڣַһ۵ˡ
˵ɣ㾶ֱ뿪Լķȥ
ַҵУ΢΢˸棬䡣
ֻеϣһٻӰ棬أ˿̵أȴţ͸ĺ⡣
ַˣܲصİϢ
Ӧòɣϵһַ˵ͷ顣
û˵Ȼ˵óַĹϵǱѰ
ǱɣҲ֮ʱֻǷԼ˯һѡ˵һַ΢΢ͷҲû취ˡ
񵤣ڵƻûʸõҪģǲϵʵΪ
߰ɡַ˵һңҵĴţĹرա
Ϻͻ뿪ˣַߵķ⣬š
ҪϢһĮż⡣
ַûĮֱŶ롣
뷿䵱УַͿǣϱһ˪ǣ壬Ȼڲţò
ŵ壬ַģҲ΢΢һʹ
ʲôĮ˵һַȴǿ¶޵ϧ֮⡣
³Ľ뻳Уַı飬ΪʲôҪôԲȥʹģ
ȻΪأŻˣܺʴ
ҧ촽ַӵȻܴ³ȴÿζôãĶҪڻ
Ҳ뿴ѹ
һַٶһѹ˶ѣΪ򵥵ɣԸԼĬĬĳʹ࣬
ı齿ַ㻺ĵ飬ҸԸ⿴ʹ࣬ӦףַҪˡ
ҪˣַĻĲ£޾ʹί·̼ɢҪˣ
ַԣ飬ǲȡģΪĬĬ̫ࡣ
ǣûǹҡһ߽³ַĿһ漴¶һĨõЦ⣬飬һΣİ⡣
§飬ַ㿴۾漴ݺݵȥᡢȴ飬һǡ


0302 ʮöҩ
ַܵ㴽ĻᣬĺݺݵĲ£޾ı䣬·𶼱һڻ
ûָоůܳʵôϣԶַߣ㸶ٶҲĸԸ
ַ˫ֽ§飬һҲԸһɻַ֮˫֣ޱĽ֮š
·Ǹַܵߵ˫֣΢΢һ漴嶯˶ַֹͣ
ַ֣ɱ飬ˮ飬ʱ飬һĮϴ˿ȴһĨ죬ޱȵĲá
ַҪ֮ʱȴ˵ַ㣬£
¡ַĿⲨ£գܹܾ
ʲô£ַ㿴˫ˮʵ
ɵĹ¡鿿ַļͷ˵յû˰Įֻ顣
ַ˵ͷһիĿлΨλá
ַ֮㽲£뿪ķ䣬Źغã漴ӰʧߵС
ַ㣡ַӰʧΣַ㣬ԭңڵң䲻㣬һҪҡ
˵ţڴǰԺƮַӰַĻڶ߻ص㣬Ҫˣ
ַ㵱Ȼ飬ɽˣڽڻУΨһƵܰˣַܲҲܵ
ֱߵڣϺͳҲ⡣
ϡѼݣ¯
ַ㿪˵һֱ⡣
Ŀһַ㣬ʵƶ٣
ѪԪÿһֵҩҶҪţַµ˵ûϺͳͷһţӴ֡
ѪƷ鵤ֵҩƷ鵤ֵҩ侳ǿò󣬵һֵҩǸ侳µ˷ãо޴ãѪֵҩһãԱ֤侳֮ˣһ磬ûа㸱á
Ŀ⿴ַ㣬˵ַ㣬ÿֵҩţ侳ǿһ磬㡭
ַ˵ͷȻ֪ԼҪʲô
ϣһɾţ뽫ǵʵȫһ̨ס
һŵʵ
ϺͳʵԶ侳ܱȵģַĻвƽ˵ľţʵͬʱһ磬ֲ̫ˡ
ֵҩû⣬ҿͬʱƣȻӰһЩɵʣʮŵҩҪʱܹƺáԻϵƷһĳɵʣƷ鵤ƣƷ鵤ƣⲻ⡣
ҿԺͬʱƵҩҲ˵
ַЦ£ҲҪ鷳ϵģͬʱһ¯˺һľҲַָһ¡
⣬ҺͳϽ˭Ϣʱ򣬾͹ĦƵҩָ㡣ϵ
áַȻˣλǰָҲܷɿĽ
Ϻַ㣬Ϳʼǳϡ

ϼڣϦӳɽһй֮ϣϼĹԷ·ǰ˵
Ȼʱϼڣûϼһ嫵йУϼ˴һƽԵ̴ľѣޱĺ⡣
ˡǰųǵϼھӢȫɱϼڵǿ˹룬ⳡѣϼֱӳΪ˼ʵһ˵ʱܻᲽƺڵĺ󳾣Ĩ
ǣⳡԵɣΪΪһˣƺַ㣡
գַ㣬ϼǰųǵгԼӢȫûһ
ټϼųԼĵӣǰųǣ
˴УһĻ³ȺͷȻһټųϺͺĵӣһ¡
˴Ҫʲô
һЩĿ˸оâ˴˾ٿΪ˸𣬵ʵһĿģ
ôĳԼŵӱַɱϼįѳΪȻҪ𣬱
ԣ˴ȥˣַҪɱҲҪȫᵽ֡
Ϧ䣬ҹĻųǣʱų֮⣬ɳ֮ϣһӰٵĳŹųǶ
ųǵĳ֮أ˵ȴڴˣԶĺӰĿⶼ΢΢һԴ
ųκ˲̤һ⣬ǿ޷ЩȺҲ׼̤ųǰ벽һᣬϣ͸
ԶĺӰѸͣȺںӰǰȵֹ
Ȼûǣҹ֮Умɭĺ
Ⱥͻأ˿˿⣬žЩӰ̫žˣûа
ĿĶǰ棬ڣӰȻȺģȴȻһ
ľһкɫӰһĹľɭֲ
£ȺȳȴֻһǼžĹľޱȵѸֱͣӽȺס˲䣬һȺȫʧˣЩľеĺɫֱ˹ľС

ëȻҺںҹд˷һӰӴӹľб׳Ӱȴһ߾߸ʬӰ
Щˣֻ˲䣬ɳ˸ʬ
ԶȺͷݺݵĲ£ҪǰǽŲԭأ޷ƶֺ亹ϵĴӱ
ÿ£
ЩɫĹľл˲ųǵУֱȫʧӰ֮Ⱥų³ڵϣоþ޷ƽ
Щˣʲôˣ


0303 ˽
УһŨҩ֮죬Ͽգƣ
Ǿ޴¯УҩϵĴһ¯У֪жٵҩ
ɵһͺȴַ³⻪ֱӳգȻһը죬޺õĵݶһըǹȵը
˷棬Ŀ⿴ַ㣬¶һ˿Ц
һֱǸ̬
ǳϣҲͬĿַ㣬侳Ϊַ㣬ܹͬʱƽǧƷ鵤
ǰڵУַһֱǸǵĲ裬Ϊý飬ĦѧϰָĽУַѾܹˣַƷٶȣѾԽǡ
ڣַΨһȱٵģֻǻ棬ҪϵĻܹ
ַƿԼĻӵĵӦ֣ٶȻ죬ĵҩƷʣҲԽá
˺һľ磬ټǿ츳Ȼ̬Ϻͻϰզ࣬Ψһ谭ַɾ͵ģֻл档
ȵַΪ侳֮󣬼㲻ǻʣҲԪ֮һ;
ֻԪ֮𣬿϶ûлֻ֮˵Ԫ֮ǿ
ַſ¶һ˿֮ɫƺõһ¯ҩ봢ָС
ʮöҩѾȫˣֻҪصݳǣͿЩ˵ľʵΪȫһ磬Ǽֲġ
һ£侳Ϊ˺Ͱ侳ΪȣжĲ࣬ߣֻҪһιܽǰɱ
ĵҩԽ侳Ϊ侳أΪ֮
Ȼַǰǿʦѩ¹侳ϵǿ߱٣ټϻʦģ͸Ƿëˡ
ϡϣллˡַŶϵ˵ͷĿֿöƷ鵤öƷ鵤̫ˣǱ˵ĻҲƣ˿ֲĵҩ֪ܻȡԪʯ
ңƵĹ̵УϺͳϣԼĵúΪѵá
ľĵãһʦԣ޼֮屦
ҡҡͷЦַ㣬ֻҪƿһɻĻȻƵĵҩƷûôߣٶȺһƵͷҪǿ
ַ㣬Ǵδңǳأ·һİãǿԶǣϸ΢ƿʲַ㡣
˵ǵԿһöҩƵĹܻмöƫ޷ȫͬ
ַȴᷢƵʱ򣬿óɰǧöҩȫȫĴͬһ裬֮׼е𺳡
ǼԲ²⵽ַ㣬ƿһ֮
ҲǶϽ̵ġַǫѷ˵
ˣͱ໥ˣҪߵ·أ񵤣ûƵó
ϽϺַĻϣ˸ѣȷڵǣţ񵤣˺ҲԶƳ
ʱһֱҲûгȥԾ֪һЩʲô¡
ϵһ漴һ߳˵ݵĴС
ʱԶһӰ˸ַ£ַڴгˣʱ䣬ųǶҪˣһĳеַˣ֪顣
Եá
ַ㿴Եһ
ˣ
Ե£漴ĸݵӿ
ųǣǿߣѩ¹ǿߣЩˣǰδţǿ󵽺ţУΪ
ַʵ
һθˣθƺֻһ֧侳صθˣֻųǵĸˡ
ַһ֧ǿθ󣬾ֻһ֧
ַͻȻ뵽˵Ļһɺǿʱû⣬ڿûƭ
һأ
һаǣûڹľУԹľУǿңǵĹĪƣܹ˵Ԫ;ѪĪӦͬһˣųǣѾ˱ɸʬųĻ̡̻Եֵ
ĪһģַͫЩƣһһģһǺĪһģ
صҪԸЩ鷳ˡ
⣬ѩ¹Ҳкܶǿ߽٣ϼ㳲˴ˣ⣬ڡѩɽׯţҡǻҵˣȫˣųǣĴǿߡ
Ķ湻ģʱ䣬涼ҳһˡϵ˵һϹű˭ᡣ
ţΪ˾ųз˺ܶĦܶǿ߶պ׼һ˽ᡣԵ˵
˽ᣬ˽᣿ַɻʵ
֪˭ģųǴպеųǵĳ֮⣬Ĺ飬õ˾˵Ӧ
ǵõôͬ⣿ַʵ
ûѡ⴫Ϣ֪ͨڹľǹȺУղųǵˣȽĨɱˣ˽ᣬųǵˣ޲ͬЩûѡ񡣡
ⶨ֮ˣô
ַ㰵һûеõˣȻͬ⣬ǰ˸̥û˻ȥ뵽Žһ£⴫֮ȴ뵽ˣôһУƺܼ򵥣ȴ̺ǻۣĿú͸


0304 ɱ
ųǣͻأƽƽȴ˸о˿˿ѹ֣˶ƽ֮󣬾Ѫȷ硣
е˶ڶһŹľеǿߣڰй۲ǵ춯ҪԼؽ˵Ĺ
Ȼǿųפǿɲ춯
ҹƽﵽ˼£ټĹųǣںҹоȻڴ߶ٿӰ
ųǵĳ֮أѾߣĵȴš
ЩȺУһӰźɫĳۣУݶڵס
Ӱţ·˯ֻҪԼ֪˿̷Բ֮أһһľԶƿصС
˺һľ磬йٺ֮صĿռ䣬·硣
Ӱַ㣬˿̣ƺǿװɴģ
ַԺУӰϢĳ֣֮ؿԽԽ࣬Щǿ̤֮ʱŲ΢Ϣޣ·𲻴ڰ㣬ѷǵĴڣһУӲַ۾һˣ֪һˡ
ʱԶĿռ䣬һѩ׳۵ӰַԺУַ֮ϵ˫ü£ʽΣ·з֮͸
ˡַǹһĨĻȣаһſޱȡ
⣬ΪѩɽׯĴϣѩɽׯųǣɱַ֮⣬ѩɽׯȫɱ
󣬾֣˶ʼû֪ͨţҪԼá
һ·׷Īζ֣ÿζʧˣֱȺصǿߵĪҲǣĲŽȥɶǣŶزȥˣֻܼȥѰһᣬȡ
Ȼ²Ѿۼ˲ˣ侳ǿ߶в١
ƽ侳ǿһ߸ϣڣһһڴˣΪ˾
һȺҲᶦ
Цһ¶˲мɫû侳صʵûʸյĶᶦǿߵʢᣬ侳һغ侳صˣҲֻܿѣûʸ룬·һ
ڴ½Уһرĳ֣Ѫȷ磬ҲÿΣ
ʱһĮ֮ϷȴһţñĿ΢΢һ
˭ͺһ漴ͿһӰӳ֮طٵ˸뿪Զȥ
ţüͷһ壬ǿĸӦ˳漴һ
ַ㣬ַǻ쵰
ֻһˣ
ĽŲһ磬ַ׷ȥַˣթΪͻΣȻвȫ˻ûġ
¡
һճַȥٶޱȡ
ȻַܵٶҲ죬ڸղŵһ˲䣬ͱ˼֮أһڻߵĽֵɨĿ졣
侳侳أվֻ̫Ƭַͱ׷ˣһɱϢϣ˫ȶ΢΢һضӲǳµȴǱޱȡ
Ȼˡ
ǣһӱϺһغ֮˳ſռӶһѩ׵ı˪ںҹš
Ȼַ·۾ƮܿȻǹɺ⣬ı
ַ彵ڵأգַ㡣
ʱַ㣬ϵĺɫͷƿ̧ͷűǴһĨЦ
죬ĩա
ַĻ£Ӱֱӳ̤һǰһ˲ͽڰ֮УֵӰȻǻϺͳС
ͬʱַҲһӰ顣
ǰųǵĳ֮أĿģĪͱһˣһһ
ĩգðɡŲһ磬ԪųϺɱȥȻϵͻΧӡ
ַ˶Ц漴Ǳ㿴ϾǾ޴ƵУһĨ֮ɫɫƣǿҵɷ䣡
ԵϢڰţڴƵ˲䣬۵һ촫ֱһѪ
֮ĺˣɫ䣬侳أϴûгֹĳ෢ߣѡΪܵͻΧ㣬ԷȻ侳صǿߣַ㣬ʱʶǿˣ
ɱ
ַ³һñ̲סȻһ漴ϵӰ˸ٶȳ˳ֲѹ£ҽӡ
˸Ҫ㿪Ȼͬʱһȼյĳ֮š
ѩأ
ŭһӵ£ϣѾѩƮ
ǣһϢӡ˱ϣ飬º䣬˲ͻǹɺ⣬ֱӸ˱һơ
ϳ룬һ֮⳯űն££ҧҵһȭ֮ഥñƺһ峯ŵ潵Щ
ûеȵһֱɫӡ
¡¡ռҵĲֱһƻڸƻһͷĿڣȻһʹ
˿̣֮أһĴ˽ȥӺ룬ǰ̳
̧ͷַ㣬¶˼λõĸо
ҪˣñѩɽׯĴϣʵǿ˿̣ȴַ㣬һɱ
Ҫɱҵˣ
ַ³һʱȫѣ侳ؾǿߣ䣡


0305 
ˣԼҲδųǣңΪǿ߶ᱦֻǱַɱ
ǿߣͬʱǿɱĨɱûս
ַ㿴űʬ壬£ֱָԼĴռ䵱УñѩɽׯĴϣӦеҵװɣټһΰԵ侳ǿߵĴַָ㣬ҲΪԣˡ
ߡֳַųǵĳ֮ضȥʱصԭء
ַһԾǸʵĳǱ֮ϣʯ΢΢ϣ˶·ںҹС
ԺУһӰȻĳ֣ϢȫӲַ۾˺һֻҪԷܽϢ׵䣬ֶܷԷΡ
ܶǿ߶½ˣңڰû
ʸһĨףĹ߽죬Ƴŵĺڰ΢Щ
ڴʱַŵüͷ£һϢ֣嶼˸䡣
һɫĹľϢĳ֣ڿռлžֲȫɭϢ
ľԼڵͿշţһۿ͸о䡢䡣
ʮ߹ľųǳ֮˶ЩľĿһʮ߹ľǴʮλǿ
ʮ߹ľĺ󷽣ҲһӰ˸ŹľƶţЩ˵ϢǿڸˣЩľеǿõ˾ȻˣҪ¡
ڹųǵ棬ɳ֮أͬҲ˲ӰĮվЩˣҲǿߣЩľ˲
ڰлĹľһԱߵһ߹ľֱӴַԶˣַĸܵеϢǳµϢ
Ҳ֪ʲôˣʲôаĹ
ݡݡ
ľϢſɫӹľֱ̽ӳַȥٶ졣
ַһֵɲ͸оˣ磬׽ƮȻˡ
ףľдһ߲֮ɫɫײ죬ڰ֮⣬˲併ַǰ
΢
ʶڣַİڶ£΢ޱȣǺɫֱӴǰֻ˿ʹ壬ַ㣬ɸоһɭĺ·ҪԼڡ

аӹľ³תַڿбû˽֮أһɫͻأӿͻȻǺˣǳŹľٶ죬Ǻɫٶ˿ա
þ
˿ַڿⲽһַΪƺ侳磬ȴܹסľгֵϮ
ңڹؼʱûкˣǰ
⻪˸ַУһ֣֮ڿš
ն
ַŭһ֮⻪ǺɫĹľնȥ
ݡݡ޾ӹľӿֳ뽣ײĲ죬ڽ⣬Ƭ̱ϢûʧӰ١
ɫľвŵˣǿַ㻹ܶࡣ
ĺɫһ룬ַӶȥ졢ޱȣǵء
ͬ鶼ѾԶȻһ侳˶ò£ľеˣоܶ˿̣ŭˡ
ַҲͬһɱ⣬ö˶˵ǣԷֱӶ֣ҪסַľУܾûˣ޶˵ıɱַܲŭ
ɫȶַ֧߿գ޾
ͬʱַɫ󣬳ǰ˳ȥɫߣзǹľȥһɫ֮ӰԷ㣬޾
ͣڰ֮еĺɫľֱӱ޾߾ס飬ľס
Ⱥͫһľеǿûܹסַ㣬ȴԷɫ߸סˣȻⲢԾսʤܣ٣ַʵӹɡ
ַ꣬㣡
̧ͷеĺӰȺĿһַųķ粨ɲСȻʧһʱ䣬¼ԼɱųдţˣǸţ츳ֲû뵽һΣҲˡ
Īǣַ㻹رľ
ȻǴҪѶȣ̫ˣǿڶţΪ˾
ɱ
ַŭһݣ֮û뵽ԷĪ¶ȺߵС
סľ޾߳ŵ˦ľֱ˵Ϳգͬʱ޾ַ
ַЦһڣͬʱһѩİɫӰһֱӵ˹ľ֮ء
һƣ˹ľ֮ϣ޾ı֮⡣
꣡һߺɫĹľֱӱ˵ͿգǳſжȥĺɫкӶϡ
ľһ麮ĺ䡣
⻹һӰ˸ǹľ֮ϣŻ棬˻ϵ֮С
ȼ
˫ȻһϵĻ֮ƣڹľ֮ϣ̼䣬һ֮𣬾Ӻ룬ϮźɫĹľ
ֻǺɫĹľ˿̱üѤ潻֯һһȣںת

һ˻֮ӹľдյ޾ȻŹľ˹ľ֮ϣһ촫ľ̼ըѿһӰȺߵС
һݹ᾵ɭӣ޾֧ڰ֮Уޣֲޱȡ
Ȼϣ潻֯ţʹĺš
䣻𣬱Űȣڣ֯һʱĻֲ̫
Ҫɱ㡣һɭ̹ǵŭ̧֮ͷ漴һĶͷռͻأıüž
һλӹľгֵǿߣ


0306 ۹
ǵµʬ壬Ⱥһ꣬ǹľеǿھַ֮ʱ֪ΪͻȻʹԸַ㣬ַûбסջԼ֮ǰһܺڰɣö˶˵ģȥַ㣬һ
⣬Ӹղһַƺǰʱָǿˣ侳ؾ磬١
츳һĿֲ
Ⱥ˵ַ̫ˣʱһ硣
ң侳Ϊַ㣬Ȼɱ侳ǿڣַɱ侳һصǿߣȫڻ˰ɡ
Ҳͬʱһɱ⽵ַϣַͷ䣬˿¶֪жҪɱ
ʮ߹ľڻɳ֮ϣôļžּž˸оѹ֣˿˿Ŀ־塣
δ֪ηˡ
ңַղɱˣҲֲܿźɫ·ħа
ʱӰ̤ǰֱߵЩľĶ棬һɫĮȺˣһθˣͻԼսһ
ʱȴվһӵ󣬶ԷĵλҪߡ
ʮɷôܵųˣѩ¹ĵطΪ׵ӿʮ߹ľĮ˵ֱӵ˶Էݣʮɷ
˶¶˲֮ɫǣû˵ʮɷ֮
ݡݡݡһХڿռ죬ʮ߹׸˵֮ȥٶ졣
˵Ӷδһ£ƽ֮˸ӡ¡ľϴʮ߹ľ֮ȫըѡ
ʮ߹ľϣһ˫˫ûп²԰׵֣ĳ֣ץŹľԣΪɭһȺ
װŪһŲһʱԵԪ֮ӵдݶϵĻĲֱЩľ
¡һ죬ʮ߹ľըѣͬʱʮӰ˰֮УǵϣȫǺɫ޾Ĵ֣֧ŵ棬ͬʱڿҡţײ졣
ʮ˻һͬ㣬񣬷·һ߾߸ʬǳĿֲ
һĻӾ־֮˲ηᱦ˼Ȼ޴档
Ⱥˣ̫ˣһۣǸе־塣
Ŀ˸˿˿ڴ֮⣬ֻҪһ˿ᣬͲܷȻҲҪС¡
ȻʱθȴɨȺһۣ¶˿˿ɫĮĵˣȫɣɷڵˣǲ𡣡
ɷڣ¶ɻ֮ɫǣû˵ɷһš
ȻЩ޵вһЩʶ֮ˣ⻰ͷȻһ
ɷڣȺˣȻɷڵˣÿ¡
ӿ¶֮ɫеĳĵһȺϣɷڶû˵
ÿˡַԷĻĿһɷڣȷû˵ھ½֪ıͲԡ
·ǸַܵĿ⣬ַϣЦַɣҽӵθеռȻˣ׼Զ°ɡ
Զ£ַĸоԷУһĨɱͷҲ΢΢䡣
θ찡ԭθȻθķ֧
ʱ˾ɷû˵θȴ˵
ǣɽ۹ˣͫ͵һӡ
㻹еʶںһô׳աӳ˵һ׳գȻַָ㡣
θɽ۹һţ֧鲼θֻǵһ֧ѣ˵ȺϣѩµĻңθҲɷڣǺ۹ĴţǣﲻԸϿɡ
ӵŨŨİֺ·߸ϣ·ѩ£񣬸һС
ȴоĸ߰Ȼ
ɽ۹ǾȻɽ۹θ֮ˣѩʮУĴ۹Ŵɽ۹Ĵ۹֮һѩ¹ֻɽ۹ĸѣθɽ۹Ĵǿ֪ѹ˵Ĳ
⣬۹ҲĴ۹֮һɽ۹һǿЩľ߳ȺǺ۹ǿɷڡ
ˣʼ⣬Ĵ۹ţ̫ǿˣܹǵġ
ų
һĮȺĿһ漴ַ㡣
ųһ仰ͱˡ۹ţѵͶǿûСţУǵǿΣѩ¹һԶ֮Ĳ֪Ŷη壬ʲô
ַĮ˵Ⱥͷ΢ûѩ¹žǿ󣬻ǰЩǶ˱һ֮½֮˭ҵǣ
ⶼη壬̸ʲô
뵽⣬ַĿֶθӣĿ֮ɫýƻļһȻҪü仰ǣȻԼᱦ
ǷЦûٿȺǾĿַһۣûǵļһ֪ԼܻɱＤŭȺˣǶᱦ˶ߣôַ㣬ҲΣա
ַ㣬ȷ뷨Ƕᱦ˶ˣþȻܣʱ򣬾ȥθԼɷˡ
ˡһа˵ģȻʮɷеһˡ
죬ǣȫҪ
ٶ³ʮɷͬʱ³һʬֱɭʬ
ֻռ֮ЩըĹľУһɫһط۶ȥ䡣
۵ĻԽԽŨƮڻ֮ϣͻȻȺȻһֻǻ֮ϵĻĻ۳Σ


0307 ɷ
ǽ۵ʬʮɷеʮλȫϥأĵӭɷ
ɷڣôܡͫ͵һɷڵȼɭϣʮɷʵѾǿˣȫ侳ϡ
ʮɷפѩ¹Ĺɷ䲻ͺ۹ĹɷôǿҲ侳ϵʵڹɷֻк۹ŻУߣ侳ǿڣܳ
ʱʮɷسȻֵʬ壬侳ǿߣǿߣԷƸ꣬߸һ
ɷڣÿٶȡθΪĿʬɫÿ
ڴʱǹʬ׵ĻûΪ˵״һ˫֣ڵԴҲ̧漴壬վֱ
壬ǻɫ֮壬˫Ҳǿնģȴˡ
ǻΪɷΪη壬ŴӦģǺǣһЦǻɫ³ԵЩãȴӡȺĶĤС
Ϊˣһɱ
ɷĻ£ʮɷȫ޾ڵͿ趯ţֻ˲䣬Ӱܲס漴ǹɷǰ
ɷӰǸһ˿ЦݣӰƮֱӸǱԵϡ

һޱĲҽֻǱɷϵԪԼѪ˲䱻ȫʳһգ˶˸ʬɷõӰʵ˼֡

ҽڿƮֻЩסӰһıɵɸʬɷ壬ԽԽʵɷ졣
ʬ󷨣ͫȻһ漴׵˹ѹֶԷôųˣԭˡ
ֹôȥڵһûʬ꣬ʵǺǿôȥĻָɷ壬Ϊɷӵ侳ʵʱ˶Ҫ
θΪӴȺĲָɷʵΪ侳ǿڣ
ĻĻȫûа·
ַԷĻЦһղŻñ˹ڼɷ̬ȱˣҪȺȥ赲ɷԼΪβȥֹ
ˣַ³һˣǹɷĻָʵǾֻˣΪ˾ȥֵ̫ˡ
ʮɷͬʱ֣·޾ϵ˱ס뵽ɷߣȻɵ
ǱˣǹɷΣָ侳ʵΪӵõڣΨɱʮɷֹɷɱϣȡ
θǿٶȺһȺƺҲʶ˶ڹֵ֪Ļû˻ȶ֡
ǧӰƣ
ŭһƮԵֱӺ¡¡촫ɫԪһޱȾ޴ӡŶԷɱȥ
¡Ԫӡ֮ϣЩ͵һȥͬʱһɷʵȻ޷ܵסһԪ֮ƣ˳ȥ
θӣӵ侳صΪǿ
Ϊ˾θҲǲǿߣʱϸųǡ
նһޱȷϢֻһǹ綾㣬ֱӴɷ࣬һɷ
һĻȺͷĿ־΢΢⣬԰Щɷʵͨ죬ʮˣȫЩɷܳܵסǻδεĹɷֻҪ˵ԪѪҪ׳ԼҲûôס
ɱǣǾͿˣʮɷҲ侳ѣʲô
ֳֳǹŭһݣг˺
ԡɱʮһɷѣɷΪ壬ɱǣǵˡ
һջ³ȺٴεֻѪڡ
ɱǣ
ɱɷôˣһιܺɱǡ
ڿռ죬·׳һӰ˸Ⱥֻ׳־ģƺͿҪǵС
ɷǺɱȺһаĺ⣬һ˫ַɷϣҽ˲䣬ɷɳ˸ʬ
ĹɷһĻͫ͵һаĿо˿־֮ɫɷҲҪɡ
ǣɡ
ɷ˵廯һɫĹâʮɷȫס
ʱȺĹѾҪ٣ȴɷ𣬿쵽˼飬һ˲䣬ɷ͵˰׸߿ա
յУֻŵĹɷסԼʱȴסˡ
ȵԪԼѪ˳ЩŹɷӿȥֻɷͷѾ׵ʵ֮ɫʮλ侳ǿߵУˬ
еаһĻȺȴݺݵţɷҪ
ǣȫҪ
𣡡һŭ֮ӹɷ³޾ڿɨʮɷ廯˸ʬԶԶӵΨйɷϳ졣
ǣȫҪɵɷŵϵȺǵаֲ˼¡
ǿɷҪˡ
ɷ֣ˡ
ֻŵٶӣַĽŲˣ֮£Ѿϣθǿ߳ˣк۹ɷڣ˹ɷ۹û˵
ȻַҪ뿪ʱһϢתַͿһӰ嵲סˡ
ַĿ̵ǣˣȻǸղݣһǹɱ˹ɷǿߣսɷ


0308 ޳
ַĿŶԷкâ˸ƺЩԾ
ǹ֮ˣɱɷȺսɷԼȴվûȥս赲뿪
ĿɨһΧַͷ΢΢һ˿̣ܱߵĿռ䣬ɲֻһǹǿߣаˣ£ֳֳǹûȵϢͷţǳ侲·ӹ͸ַоˣȫǸ֡
ߡʱһƮһ˿ɵǳǹǿ¶֮ɫÿ·óַ뿪
ַĿ˴һۣͬʱ׽˵֮ˣĿ⣬ųǵĳ֮ϣһӰźɫۣȫϣסء
ʱпڳǱڣͷ­΢΢ţƺڱĿ񣬴˼֮£·ûйϵ
ȻǳǹǿߣȴĻ˵˾䣬Է·Բö˵
ĿһǺֵ֮ˣַ㷢֣֮£Զûеô򵥡
ɷֻѣϣ棬һߣˡ
ȻҲž
ַ̧ŲΧȥδ뿪վڻɳ֮ϣĿ⣬ЩսȺ
ʱֻɷƮţÿһˣͻɥɳɸʬ˶ɥʧս
ɱɷڵĽʬ󷨣ⲻı壬ֻѣӲɷʵֻҪͬʱһɱ
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Ӵһ˿̵Ⱥѱ׵סֻɷǵĴһ˿аЦֱӳȥ
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ɷɭɭ˵˾䣬壬ӵϣʼԪѪ
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𣡡
ɷһʼȺ˿̵ǿѾʣ²ˣƬ̣ͱɷ̵ֻʣ¼ʮˣɷϢԽԽǿ
ӡӡǴʱȺΨһͷ˶ӴܣŰӣҪˡ
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θˣմ󲿷ֶˣΪһܶñȻȴȫɥ
Ҫ뿪ߣ
ǹ֮ĮĺһŲһ磬ǹ֮ϣɱ²ݣȵĺɫԪֲޱȡ
һǹ̳
ס֡
һ˵ĳǹ΢΢һ٣漴ֻһӰ˸˵һԣ֮ˣַ㡣
ǳǹ֮ɫһⱩ¶
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ַ㵭˵һǳǹӳĬ£漴תķŹ
ַ³գκѹַܾȵĻ㾡
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ͷȻһһɻں֮⣬и֣һ̽䡣
֪һַԸΪλҪǿֶζӦϵֵģֻǣΪƾǿʵַ˳ûйϵɱ˶ᱦ
޳ûɱַ㣬ڣһƻģΪһ֮ǰģȴһ·
ֻ˵
ǹɱ죬һ˿ںޣϣֿˣֿܵһЩʱ򣬵󣬽ֻҪôɱҪôɷɵûл·䱻ɷɣڳǹ֮ϡ
̡һˮ屻ַץסҪˡ

һַˣֻʱȺҪôڳǹ֮ϣҪôɷɵ
ռַ֮ԼǰֳֳǹĺǿߣȫˣȻڳǱ֮ϵ֮ˡ
С㵨ӿ󡣡ɷĿⶢַ㣬ɭ˵ַ˸¡
ûз֣ǣڵ𣿡ַָָǰǿߣĮ˵û뿪ΪʶˣԼǱϵ֮ˣΪɱɷģ׼ҲⱾһı
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ң
һͳ֪ʱǳǱϵĺˣĳԴɵţ̤һȴ˲ǰ֮أ˲䣬˹ɷǰ
ѩ£ɷڵа֮ȻˣͲˡ
ĮӺ³漴˵ͷ̧һĨâҫ۶Ŀ


0309 ӡ
ôĿû뵽ѩ¹Ȼ˸ô˵
ɷƮڰ֮Уда֮⡣
ҵ뿴㣬Ǻˡɷ£޾ĳźѾǰǹֶȥ
ȻڴʱֻЩǿϣԪĹ⻪תǹ֮ϣԵ׵Ϣ
ɱ
ŭһǹͬʱ̳Ԫڿ趯ſ¡ľĲţֱӱѿըɷ顣
ͬʱֻ֮˫һŵ棬Ȼ䳯˫ֽӡʱһɿֲУڿռ両֡
ɷͻأģһ֮Ȼ֣֮ţ·Ǹ޵׶ɫ𣬴ſֲϢ
ַ˸һƷľâѪ꣬ӡ֮ţ
ǻ֮ˡַͷͲɫļ֮ηʹùϢԶûֲġ
μңɷɫ䣬ŭһ
ȴ˽ӡٶԽԽ죬з·˵ʲô
ʬ꣬ѣ֮ſ⣡
ŭһ£֮ڶÿһһȷӡ֮ų֣Ƭ̣ɷ棬ȫһȵķӡ֮ţС
ֲϢӷӡ֮ǺĮĵꡢ⣡
£ȷӡ֮ţޱȾ޴ķֱ֣ӡ˹ɷϡ
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ÿֲַ˸һâӡ֮ţǿ
ңƺרΪɷ׼ģӡ֮ŵɷĽʬ󷨣ˣĻغ˵ʵһƷ˹ɷ
ͬ²һıɱɷıųϢ˾ۼų֮ˣغˡ
⻪˸غ˵ֳֵһɡſɡɡ֮УȴſֲϢš
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ٺһɡıպϣһֲ̣ϢʧӰ٣Ƿӡ֮ŵķӡ֮Ҳˡ
ռ䴦ֻʣ޾ĳ·׹䣬ɷĻǣʧˡ
ǻصеɡַͷ΢΢£ˣˣɷĻǣյˡ
â˸ɡʧ˴ռ䵱С
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Ȼ
ַĿһĸоַΪû֪ȴû뵽ɱԷˡ
ǱʮɷЯȻʮɷɱɷɵȴδ֣ɷɻ֮ʱûпӰӣֻΪǱ·Ǳ֮ʱϮɱַĹɷЯţɱַ֮Ĵָ
ֻʱе˶ֻ貵Ľâȴûп΢СĶҲǸղŹɷ˵ôĵӵԭ
Ц£һŶ˵֮ϣȻǾ
ˡ˵Цַ㵭Įĵ˵ͷת̧Ųֱ뿪
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ַ̤ڴ̤ųǵУص壬Ѫδɣڲϵţһ⡣
ȻǸղǰ˴ǹǿɱģǣԲ֮صļ֤ߣȫɱˣ֮£˺Լİ֪⣬ַֻ㼸֪
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ַһЦ飬޵ΪɴҵʬҰϧ˵
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£һҪʲôֱӶַ㿪ڱǡ
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ַ֪Ļǳ̶ȣ϶ܲ²⵽ģûϵַƳĬ֮˵
Ц£ƺҲû⣬ĵַ㣬ջʳǰɣѩȲңԶѩ£ҪѡܳţμӴ˴δȣ磬˴ӣַ㣬츳лõѩѩʮѾ̫ƽˡ
ַסµĻˡһӦԶԶĴ漴ַӰʧ˶ĵߵС
ַ뿪󣬶ĵĿ⣬ɨΧʬһۣ漴¶һ˿Ц⡣
˴Σջܴ
һջȻֻǾŶ֮һɼֵǣ⣬йɷ꣬Ҳر
뵽⣬ģûɲˡ
ң˲Ըˡ
ߣĵĮ˵һŲͬųȥ˼ˣûػʳˡ
ŵӰ˸˲㿿ųǣȻʹʱĵĽŲһͣͣ
ǰλֳֳǹǿߣŲҲͣǵĿ⣬ȫһ
ųǵĳǽ֮ϣղŶɵλã˿һӰǣɫĳӭƮӰıһӵĽʣ
磬峿£˵֮Уżֹ¶֮⣡


0310 齣
ֹ¶ıӰ·بŵĴڣӰƺһֱͻȻ֡
ĵ¶һ˿ЦݣסԼͷĳժ£¶ºͶƽ׽˵Цݡ
΢΢ǷĶǱӰģǰ
⣬ľȻ˹ޱ𾪡
ģѩ¹ӣ츳ף˴֮ģٳ֣˲²̤˴ǰʵѩ¹˵ˣָ
Ȼǹ¶ıӰһˡ
飬Խն飬齣ʮꡢƿؽƣʮ꣬΢ʮһ̤꣬˽һ֮ʮ꣬ΪӴ˷⽣
Ȼ䲻ýϲŽĳ֣ý֮˷飬Ϊ齣
ѩ£ûˣڽߡ
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ӣӦףΪζɡ
ĿЦ£齣⽣֮δ̤ʳǰ벽Ҳ̤ʳǡ
֮£̤ʳǵˣΨһˡ
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¶Цһ⣬ûеջ
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˽飬֮նκˣġ
飬ֻĳ˦£ʱʧĮӰͷβûƶֺ
ллӳȫ£һһ㣬Զ֮Уһ֮׺ۡ
лȴûл֮⣬Ŀ׶ѡ
ַҪ㣬ַûѡ񣬸øǵø
лǿס
ʧıӰĵ¶һ˿ɬЦݣ֪ڣαضһ٣ַ㡣
飬齣ͣȻҲɽˣ
ȥ³һϵЦֽºͣʧȥʧȥɣĳ֣ԣδһ£壬ΪľЩˡ

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Ϻͳһۣ漴ЦЦַַ㣬ҺͳϹѾԺ㡣
ң
ַͫһϺͳϣ侳ǿߣһ侳ؾ硢һ侳ؾ磬ǿˣȻ˵Ҫ
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ַ£漴ҲЦˡ
ȻϿַ㣬ַ㲻ƳˣжϱߣԺҿɾͰȫˡ
ַЦ˵Ȼ׶ϵ˼ϺͳϿǱôȻȥܾ
Ŀǰϵʵмİգʵǿ󣬵ȻҲȥϺͳһѡ
һԵĿдż𾪵ɫַ㣬˸
ַ㣬츳Ǻǿվ侳֮ˣϺͳϣһģȴԸַ㡣
ɼַڶϵУλжߣ˶ΪַձسɴŻԸ档
ϧθ󣬱ҲԺַ㽻õģңһʼҲȷַ㣬Ϊ˾һжˡ
̣вַ㣬Ҫַ㽻Ŷַ㲻̣ɱ֣θǿߣȫֻʣһˣǱַȡ
оһΣһ֮õθ󣬸ˡ
˭
ڴʱַһ漴˲䳯ŷȥ
ҲͬʱϺͳϵ壬Ҳͬ˳ٶȼĿ졣
Ȼǵ﷿֮ʱֻԶһŽӰ罣ţ˲㳹׵ʧӰ
ֻ¿еһɫĽ֮ۼġ
ǿ
ϿʵĽ֮磬һ̫ˣλգ쵽£н¡
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Ͼһ漴ȺĿ⿴ǺԵĵ棬һŶǡ
䣡
ȺֻͷһŶȻǾ
ղŻߣȴһεĳǵǰ
ͶģȺĿԶһǿߣǿΪͶ
ңȻ֣ζŶԷǴӶжġ
ַ˵Уɻ󡢲⣬ǲףһǿߣô⽫ͻ
ַ㣬һַ΢΢ͷһϵľ봢ָУ漴صԭء
ַ㣬ʶˣ϶ַʵ
ַĿ˸£漴ҡҡͷʶУǿʵģֻƽȻˣƽ
ǣΪҪͶ
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ַ㣬㸸ĸѣûпܣϿһַĿ˸¡
漴ҡͷֺӦûʵǿѣĸף涼ûм
Ӧòܡַ˵һ
αô࣬ԷҪͲߣȻԷ뿪ˣͲ뱩¶ݣοҪ˼ȥ룬֪ʱȻ֪ʱ˵ַ΢΢ͷûȻԷ¾ߣȻǲ֪αҪȥ롣
ֻҪڣ͹ˡ
Ժ󣬻л֪ɣַ˵


0311 ʶ
ݳǣϣ֮أݣڳ֮⣬ƥѪ˻ʮ㡣
֮ϣͭһǳѪĵߣ
ţƴͣǣֲȱѪ֮ϵʣͭϱֵ쾡¡
һͭ񣬵ŵһ꣬ڽ㿡ݵݱ̵ŵ峺ȴ䣬дſӢ٣֮⾳̵꣬ĳѪͳ죬ݳǷ֮Ѫ
˵ͭڴ˵أһּݳǲų֮أػݳǡ
ڳ֮⣬˶ĤݣеӢۣκ飬һӢȴЩɥʼ֮֡
ⲢһӢ۵ʱΨޱǿʵķȨ
ݳǽ̸֮Ц鶼ƺ
ַݳǺ󣬳Ѹ٣ǳռѾ˼ü䣬֮أͲ֪˶ٱһǳѪ֮ˣ˫ԶյЩܹġ
ݳǣһ֮ơ
ˣĳѪ̤ݳǺݳ֮˵ʶҲԽԽǿң̿ϣгһҲƣΪһ˷ַʢݳܱ߳ǳص˶˹סݳǡ
໡
ʱһӥХ֮ԶԶĴݳȺĿ΢֮ȥ
ֻԶ֮ϣһֻڵ㣬ٵĳ߿ԽԽ
ޣ
ȵյӰȺĿһղŷ˻ģһͷޣ˸⻪ǿҵɷ޴ĺɫſÿһ˸ſԵ쫷磬ͬʱһ䣬ǰǧףӥޡ
ң𾪵ǣ޵ıϣվӰǿҵ쫷紵ϣǵԼӭչò
ˣһŮӿʣŮ˰𪣬ǽ˫żĮ졣
ŮӣҲǼΪ߸ϵĹ֮ϣʸ߹
ʦ֣ݳǰɣ
ֻŮӵĿڣ͵дżְ
ԣݳǡ΢΢ͷ
ʦ˵ѩ³һַ꣬ʦ仹СѾΪݳ㿴Ǵʵ꣬Ӧþַɡ
Ůָָϵַ񣬵Ȼ˵һĿһһ˿аķ֮⡣
ߣʲôѩ¹ңҲмʦеţŲ侳صʵУϣһɱ
ĿưгŸ֮߰⡣
ŮĻЦЦ֡
ȻܺʦȣʦҪףʦѾһʮ䣬ֻӣʦֵ츳ѩ¹ҲͰ˴ӵǰܹȰɣں漸ˣᱻʦֳԽȡ֮
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˵֮ʱһâ˴Ӻ漸ˣ㲻ţȡǡ
Ȼѩ¹䲻۹Ҳ嫣صǿôȻѾţ˴ѩȣЩصűؽ׷ʶ¡
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ֻǲַ֪㣬ǷҲʸʶ˴֮λ
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Į˵һʱ޸£Ů¶һ˿Цݣϲ񣬿⼤
ݳȺǸµ޶ʱͷͲÿ¡
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ס֣
ϵĳѪͬʱȣ̤ӥȥȺͷһѪţѩ¾֮η
ɱŭһһĹӿн죬ЩڰԾµĳѪȻһһѪ⸡ֱ֣һΪΪѪȣЩ˷֮꣬ΣհԵ
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֮ͬʱַĵ񣬱ɷĩƮ
һӥХ֮ٶȴޱȵ쫷罫˵ζӥַգϳųĳѪ
죬ַ㣬Ҫʳҡ
һŵӲ֮ϴģ漴ӥһӣ˲ֻһڵ㣬ʧӰ
ӥӦöȺǽʧĺڵ㣬ͷͲУ졣
ͬʱǸĳѪʿصʬԼĩͭɫѿ¶һĨ֮ϣ죬ǣƺûйκγԹɡ
˿̣ԶĹŵ֮ϣƥţ
Ȼ֮ϵˣȴɫѿһˣַˣղǿĻˣ֪ݳⷢʲô
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ַ㣬ղޣޡϿ˵һޣǴϿնȻҲˡ
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ͳ죬ͳˡ
֮⣬˿Զʱ
Ƭַ̣⣬ʮʬ屻նѣɫѿ
죡
ͷַ㿴ʧɱ¶


0312 Ұ
ʳǣ
ַһ죬ʶַڻʳ֮ʱҲδ˵֣˵δ棬ַ֪֪ˡ
ԷȴݳҫΪʾǿϣɱѪȺһ仰Ҫȥʳͷɳ뿪
ͽݽ棬ǵУ˵ûΪ֤ǵɱɱ
һڵġַű֮⣬ʳǣܿͻȥ
˵ѩĴȲԶѩ£ʱ죬ҲΪ˶̤ʳǣңͬˣ١
ͳ죡
ʱЩĳѪַ㺰һĿ죬ɱ
úðǣʳǣһȥġַ㵭Į˵һЩҧ촽¶֮ɫصĵ˵ͷ
漴ǽЩնϵƴպãʬ뿪
ԶȺ˽ݳǵˣʵȷʵ̫Сˣǰ侳˷ݳǾǿˣ侳ǿߣͱΪţڿˣᣬǿޣʵҲĿֲܳԽ侳Ľޡ
ֲֿ츳Ī붼ģǣۼ֤
ַ֤ͬǿһǳ𺳡
ϵĿ꣬ȺаҲ֪ͳʲôΪˣǿޱȵȣ˭츳ʤһ
ַȻȥȺе뷨һ˳ݳڱڶȥ
ͳ츮յĳ֪Ρ˶ٱ̤棬һΰǵݣ󡢶Σա
ʱ񡢷꺮Լλͳ춼ӭַ㣬ַԸŵһӰ˵һâ
ǵĸоǾޣһλˣǵͳ죬ƺߴӲȱŮ
顢ʥʥ࣬ѩӣҶ߹ѩ¹⻹޵ķƷƣַߣֶλŮһˣ⻹һ崿˵Ů͸ĺ棬һƲõЦ⣬ƺڰ˯һξ
˼ŮԼԵ⣬˾ȵַߵλߣûаϢ¶ֻǵܸоλߵɲ⡣
ܿܣ侳ǿڡ
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һų֮Уַ㾭˲٣ǳ
塢塢壬ǻϺͳϣ侳ǰַλͳ£ĿһȻûв´侳ǿߡ
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ַȥذúãԵ뿪Ψַ㡢Լλͳ
ϡϣݳǣҵķأҹϽͳ츮ҵסַŶϼ򵥵˵漴ҿܲᾭݳǣ˴λұչһʱգͻȥʳǡ
һɡ˵һַȴҡҡͷԼĴ㡣
ĵĻĳ֣ѩ¹ʱˣҪȥǿ
ϺͳϸİȫбϣַΪ飬ʵѾ㹻ˣϣڱǿĵ·̫ΨԼʵǿ󣬲ܹأҲᷢյĲҾ硣
ңϺͳݳǣ㡣
ϡϣݳǣйĳѪפڴˣǶĲ£ʵ侳֮ϣΪǻҪϵ˴ǰųѰΪǡַŶ˵ҪǱǿӵЩҩϣݳǰҡ
Ϻͳϵüͷ£漴϶ַ㻹Ҫҩʵ
һ棬⣬ϣܾ̼һǣλһѪ񣬵ȻǶʲôҪ˵ռ֮ģԽȥҲǶҲµ
ַĿȻȻĳѪѾǾӢַû㲻ǿ޷ӽ¡
ϵĿ˸ͬʱˣҲ¶âλ侳ǿߣƺ֡
ãַ㣬ȻǸ㣬һУġϵͷ˵
ԣ㰲ˣǻᾡϡҲһȻѾַ㣬ȻҪ侳ǿߵİַģ򣬺αػҪ档
ллϡַ˵ͷ漴˵Ϻͳϣ侳ϵǿߣʵǷԺǾǣʲôҪ󣬶Ӧʡ
侳ϣң֣
˵ͫȫһǿڣԸַ㣬ǣȻûпַ㡣
á˶صĵͷλְǣȻһ
壬ⴢָУʮöҩѪԪԼöֵҩͬʱã侳Լ¾ǿߣͻһ磬侳غ侳صǿߣҲһĺܴϣͻƣڣ㱣ܡ
ַ㽫һöָݸٶȺݺݵĲ¡
ʮöҩöͻһ󾳽磬ʮöܹǿߣͬʱԽ磬⣬ֲ̫ˣþɳԶͷ𾪣˿̵Ķ˵
šַ㽫ָУҪһֱ֮㶨֧ŵʵҪ侳ϣ֧֮ҳԼа⣬⣬һϣܽѪһֱܹʽµľţȫ̤侳Ϊ
ȫ̤侳ϣ
Ĳţ𺳵Ŀ꣬ǰ룡


0313 ҽַ
ַ㣬ֻԼϵĵӺأԴӸַ֮Ҳַ㣬ǷܴѪԻ͡
ϣַصȻûжãַ㣬͸һױȵ𺳣ֻʮöҩſԽһ磬㹻֮ܶãһַ㣬Ϧͽˡ
ңַ㽫ӣ縺
壬һöϰǶ侳磬ǵʵֻһݡַٶȿڣĿһ侳
˭ǿʵ
ϡϡַĿתڶϵϣֻ˳Ƭ̣漴˵ǻ취
áַ˵ͷ漴ٶȶ壬ͷ塢嶼Ǿþսͳ죬ȻҪҽʲôֻ˵Ȼս֮ϣѪŲĥѪԣΪʵսҪΨвϺΣսͻңԺ󣬳ѪҪȥ飬ûоĥѣɲ˴
֧ţսҴģ󣬾ϴεĴ䣬ȻǲϣŵκһģַҪǽ֧Ѫڣǣ
áص˵ͷַ˼ҲԼ˼ַѵûд֧ţΣգǻк壬ЩˣûģѪţӦǺң
壬ͶϿûʲôҪһȥչһʱ䣬뿪ݳǣȥʳǡ
ַԼкһ漴뿪ߣȥ鰲úأַ㿪ʼչˡ
лǿޱȣʹܹʹߣɱ侳ǿߣصַĵƣҪлֳĲл꣬ǿǵĿꡢͬʱ÷Ӧʵǿ

ʳǵǣǴϢȺӿ֡
ľ¥Ӱ֮·Ⱥ۷׷ס
ҲǻҼ壬Ȼûнѩ»ҵģɵλ
û֮գôų
ھ¥Уе֮˶̽ͬһ⣬顣
ʱľ¥ڣһעĿΪһ֮ϣλǳŮӣһɴ棬ֻӰ˸оҪϢ
һŮӣﲨĿ˸価ַ飬ˣңŮĸĻ𱬣Ƿ֮أ֮Ȼ֮
ںλͬһĿ꣬Ⱥֱӵĺˣżɱ˵Ŀϣųļ֮⣬޲ȡλá
лѪ߹û뵽ľ¥Уλ֮ˣϧ˶޸ѩʥԺţλ˸ŵģȴ֪ʲôСˡ
˿̳ǳĴ¥
û˵ңվƺڵһţƺڸ֮գ츳ͶѩʥԺľȷʵޱȵӢƺڣνĵһžֻķˣѩʥԺлڻʳǵŹâ˵Ѿӵ侳صǿʵˣҲǼӵлѪĶˣǷǳ䡣
ʲôƺڵĵһţַƺҫ۵ŵӰɣƺڣڶŵѱ䣬Ψַ㣬ش壬ģʯͣˣעܹɾͷǷ
һʮҵ˵Ըղ˵ĻЩм
ַ㣬ȻѾдʱûڻʳڻʳǵУַһٳǡȹ¼ţַ㣬ҲݡӣǶַΪżϣ׷ַĽŲΪѩµĴ
㶮ʲôղ˱ҴԣĮĺһҺε츳ѩʥԺŵӣȻ侳ΪǿսѾܹ侳صǿսˣ˵ַ㣬ﶼ֪˭֪Żˣʲôұȡ
ƨַôܻŭһ˵
˵ַθɣͷŸɾ㡣Է˵һ͸һƺ⣬ĮҪλǰһ
ңƾʲôַܺȣ㱾ڷƨɫĮȻԷϢǿš
ʱǷŮ˶ԵĿЦ£û뵽˶äĿĳݣΪƺ
ַ¶һ˿ЦӣôͻȻо·˰㡣
Ҫ֪Դƺڸ̤ʳǵʱ䶼ûУҲʮ䣬ȴѾ׷ˡ
Ȼ˭ʱ䣬ôĶǣǻΣһĲ顣
Լо˺ܾáܾã
û뵽ңȻҪȢȤַ¶һĨЦݣҵˣҲһˣգƺá
˿ַ̣ԽԽȥĮĵ֪ļһȻ͸ɾˣôҰ㡣
꣬漴Ȼһ˦˳ȥɫȻһ䣬ӲĿŶԷ¡
ݣһƿ֮˦һ漴Ȼ˻ȥȵ˭
£Ŀ⻺ת漴Ϳַ㳯
Ҳɡ˿ַ㣬вЦ
Ҳֻ㣬̫ͣɾַ㵭Į˵
ͲɾЦһʲôʸ˵ҡ
Ϊҽַ㣡
һַ³ϵЦ˲佩Ӳ
ҽСַ㣡
ַ㣡
¥Уͻأıüž


0314 ˴
ַĿ˧ղŶû꣬ͻݵַ㡣
Ǹ˵ˡַ֮˵ɫӲǵļ΢΢ĳ鴤£Ҳֻڱ˵˵⴫е꣬ﻹаĵţڵɫ԰׵һ
ǸַǹһĨаЦλŮһһǸ£
죬̫ˣַĻ£̧һӰӳ
䣡
Ⱥĵͺ֮˵ֱӷصڵϣѪӿݶϵĵ
˾ҵĿĿǷߺޣȻȴֻǵͷҿַ㡣
һôţɱַ㵭Įĳһ漴عͷ΢Цŵ˵ͷɫһĿ¶֮ɫ
̧Ųַߵ¥̨ԣ·ȺΪ֡
ѩ¹ĻûʵˣֱӽΪޣҪٰκεĵһЩ׷İͬˣȻһЩǿȺǴ֮գҪޱȵ¡أֵǽ֪ңʾǵϺƵ
˴ѩʥԺŵӵлѪС飬ȻҪޱȵĺңһЩŹ塢֮˶أȻҲٲѩʥԺףء
˵·ƵĶ飬ѾƻʳһȦǣ˲֪˲
ڻʳǵУǶҼҲŪúңʵҪƻʳһ⣬ûмǲ̫֮£Բʵ
ң
ַǵһμҪ˦ԼŮԼƺҫҪɱԼַ֮ȥʵʵ꣬ǹЦĲãзģңҪĺǣҪɱ
ַ㣬ҲѾûǰôĹǣⶼʵǿ࣬侳۷Ϊ˵ңֱɱѩʥԺ
նǴƺҲһʥԺ
ߡַһ΢뵽ȺС
ԼҲĸϣԾ·˺С
¥еȺַ˵ӰʧžĿռ䱻ƣ˲ֱʧ˴ַ꣬㣬ˡ
ݽַ֮뿪ʳǣݳǣعʳǣֻ֪һĲ
⣬ѩ»ʳǣţǾɾ֮ѩ··ͻȻ̤ʱַ㣬аĽɫЩš
ַ뿪󣬾¥棬һӰ徻һ䴿ľ¥ˣġ
ʧıӰĵĿ˸£¶˿˿ʣǵַһ̤¥ʱ򣬻ۣǸͽ侳Сӣȴĸַܵɲ⣬ֻӵķݡ
ãûһβԼľ¥
ڻʳǵǵУһ޴嫵ĹռؼĹ⹬ΰΡĹǻѪүȻҪϰԵ
ཨȺνһ޴䳡ΧУޱȾ޴䳡Ĵţ̤䳡̤
˿̣䳡Χһ̨ϣȺ곤֮ҲһЩŹ壬λΪ
Щ⣬̨֮ϣ꣬Щһ˫񣬶Ϊ츳ѩʥԺӣҽá
ҲϣһȢһӵлѪòŮӣϾ츳ͲټԼѪҡ
ԤԺңȻӵĻԻͣϳǰһƿ̤䣬Ϊһǿߡ
쳽У˾Ȼˣң¼ҺҵˣȻһ𡣡
ʱԶʵ̤Ⱥһ
¼Һңʵ͵λ߸ϣҪǵӣңˡ
˵¼ҺҵԶҶԣǼӡ
ңжֲֵ꣬ļУŷǷĵλ
ѩʥԺĵӣҽпܣ쳽ȴ֪Ϊλ֡ȺĿɻȴʱҴ󲽿ȥӭλ꣬쳽үүԡ
үˡеЦ˵Һͬ㣬Ĵ飬ȻҪģң쳽ֵֺĹϵҲǳ
ҺôӡȺоβ׬ˣҶ׬ˡ
ʱҵҲ˸žâȻ˸Ů
λү·˵ΪĿ
Ҳֱӿ˿̨λ¼Һңѩ¶оصĵλǰ֮һ¼Һҵֱ꣬ϵѪȻߵĶҪͷȱ˸һȣΪȻġ
ûķôʱڸ̨֮£ַ㿴˵ı֣һ
òôĸ߰Ϊȴ٣û㹻ĵֻΪǣγɾ¼Һֻ̳ˣǷϵˣˡ
Ȼ¼ҺΪͻᲢ۵ǿ壬Ȼ˵Ĳ
͵͵󱲡ʱַĲԶһַĿһͣ漴Ǳ߿ȥ
ֻԲԶһЦĿ̵ĵʲôֻӱ˰ˣվڱǰʸûС
ַ£쳽УҲӵء
ûʸôַ㵭ЦЦͻأģУһĨޱȷĽ·Ҫгȥ˵ϣ˵ͷȻһŲ̲סˡ
һ񣬾ķĲ
ַ㵭ɨһۣ漴ٿɫѿֻ޵ݡ


0315 ޳
ϸ΢ĶûȺע⣬һ񣬾ַΧȺûиоǵע̨Ⱥš
¼ҺҵŵӶˣ˿⿴̨ϣľӢۡ
ЩѩʥԺĵӣһӢˬȺаޣſ츳ܳѩ¹δЩ˵ϡ
ѩ¹һǽѩµĶ
ȻֻǴôˣΪѩ¹иţǣû
Щľɾ֮Ųмֳϣǵ̨Ǵ̨ս̨ҫ̨
мˣԸ̨ϵνſǲмĵ׵Ĳм硢ַ㣡
ֵɳţһƬԶĴ֮ϣӰ۶̤УЩȺ߱ѩ¹ʳǣ˶֪գѩʥԺŵңӭȢС񣬷·Ƕμң˲֪
ڶμȺ󣬻ӰǶǱȺҪѩʥԺ飬Ǻεȵ¡س
ռ䵱УøӣЩȺ˵ѩʥԺŵӶˣ¼ҵ쳽ҵУɵ÷֮һ˹ȻûаˣܿЩ߸ϵС
ǿ쳽УݷǷϴŸ߰ĹʣǶипţȻǲ
Ȼռֶϲ죬˴εǣҺͶȴٳû
ʱ̨֮ϵĶңͻȻվ˫־ʾ˰ʱȺ½հҪ˵ʲô
һ漴ڣλĳңڴ˵أֻ򵥵˵仰
ҡƺڹϵĵһţһΪƺΪŵδ׼ƺڵĴλøǣƺڱֻ¾ƺȻȴΨɱңΪ˵츳ʱ˲ʮֵܾ߰꣬ĺ⣬ҪŹգֵϧ֮Ľ˸лѩʥԺӴˣңΪѩʥԺһԱھӢƼѩʥԺţص˵ң츳ƷϣޱȣҶҾŮи
ҵд˿˿Ժޱȵ츳ƷǼΪ㣬ΪˣѡҵŮ
Ⱥ˽ƺڵĵһţƺδϧƺ𣬵ﶼôҫۣɱãңȻǸţѹȢӵлѪĶˡ
Ҳ˻ɣΪһЩ֪ƺǰѩȷѪַ㣬ƺҲƺڵˣַƺڣңܳΪһ
ַ㣬оǳЦҡһţ
ЦǣңƷ츳Ǽ㣿
ΪӣֱǲҪ㣬̧ŮҲ̧Լ
Цǣƫƫôţߣڿ佱ңоǳ֮ɫ
ˣҲ˵ˣôҿ˰ɡЦ£漴ڴʱУͻȻĲɫ˿ƮѤƬ̣ɫ˿߽նһš
Ⱥ̧ͷգֻʲĲɫ˿ǵǰƮţնڵס
ʱ޾Ĳʴ֮£һ˫ȣȻ󻺻½
ţȺĿһһӰ֣ԣӰֻһӢĻУһŮӣ˵壬Ʈ£գ̨УĿѣԡ
еĲɫ˿Ҳ£ټĹǣһӰòĳȺС
˧Ȼܰ䡣а¶Ľ֮ɫ
ңǳӢ󣬷ǳˣһá
ַ㣬Ҳˣʱ⣬ңΪ죬ǿʵҵҲ԰Ȼ
ڶ񣬱𵱳˼֣ôɣżֳҲѵãֻϧ޸˭ãҪ޸ңַ㣬ֻ˵һǸˣգң
ˣղҵĻҲˣ˻ᣬҲλ֮˵ɡҿңЦ
΢΢˵ͷ漴Ⱥ˵ңƺΪƺţҸ˵Ϊƺܳţˣҿδϧ޳Ī⣬ƺڱҳΪѩʥԺĵӣʥԺӣңԵ̿ϳǿߵĵ·ܽңȢСΪޣʵΪ֮ԵԸȴ벻
ҵƷΣҸҲ˵ˣλ۾ҲѩվΪһ֤ң޶񡣡
ҵĻ·䷢ԷθڣȺͷң츳ǫѷƷãǿи֮ˡ
áҴһƺǳˡ
ֵ츳Ʒ˵λܳΪɾ¡
ûʦǵ츳һֱģԺǰ;
̨ϵȺһ̸˼У츳סƷ޿ޡ
ƽһΣ˲Ҫ޳֮
˶ڿҵʱһܲʱ˵Ⱥ˲С漴ļУʧ
ȻˣҴ֮ҡ
ңʱ̨ŵģݵģ˸ǵϣ
ȺĿⲻϵתţʼѰ˵֮ˣ漴ȺͿһӰ˷伷̤˸̨
ӰһϮɫۣ󣬵ȴɾࡣ
һͷ趯ް֮šȴѵȻ֮ţ·رѣΡȻ


0316 ַ
ַ̤ϸ̨Ⱥʱһ
˭ôĵӣȻš
еҺͶĴ֮գңôƻˣĪҪɡ
ҲһЩַˣⱳӰǵУ˿˿Ϥĸо
񡢷ŵӰƣΪַǱǣټַѾʧ˴꣬һʱ䣬˶û
ȻȺûпǰҡҡԼ쳽еˣȴĿӰϤȴİӰ
ʹ޵ˣһΡˡ
ңδӰȻһգƺΪҫ۵ţͷҪԽԼɽַ֣Ľ壬ǻɷ顣
ʱַ㣬䣬Ϊȴǰ
Ľٹ⣬Ȼ޴棬ѡѱ䣬ΪǵˣҪַʹ޵ǣƺôǿߣȻΪַ㣬ԼҪԼȥֱַ׳Ľ֣ʵҲһҫַ֤ļֵ
ַΪƺϣ֮Ӣ۵ʱңȴѾ֮Ҫ֮ȥ˽յĴ̨ϣߵǷǣԼüΪ٣뱳
ڽգңҸַȣڴǰ˵ַѾ侳ؾϵǿˣһٳǣǧﵥȹַÿһ飬ôĺңУңȴֻĬĬŵĴѩʥԺп˵ַ㴴漣
ַ㣬ͺɷǣƵģַڵĵطûҵ֮ء
ɷǣֳˡ
˼ǧڿ̨֮ϣ쳽ԼУҲĿһַ㣬һһˡ
ˣַĺԲö˵ַ㼸쳽ķͷ澡ʧһԤŮˣҶ
ĶҶƺַֻ㣬ۣޱȵķŭ裬¼үȻȲַ㡣
иǺ͸ַ㣬һٱᣬеجΣ٣ȻַĿ֮£Űһ٣˳ܷ¡
ַһ֣ÿ̨ϵˣж
ȺֻǿַıӰǣȴ̨Ⱥɫı任Լǿµļžɵ΢΢̣ˣǺˣ˿ԣȴûеɱߺȥˣһӦȻǳĬ
㣡
ַ㣬ӰȻϵãַһ⣬ȴַݺݵ˦һ⣬ǰ
ҡַ㵭˵һҵңղ㲻ǿЦĽû£˵޳ˣյһҴ۽硣
ַдŨĳҵɫϵı任ţΪѿ
ʲôô˵ֺεݣʲôʱֵõСָֻš
ʱ̨֮ϣһĮ˵ѩʥԺ֮ˣΪӵ侳ؾ磬ѩʥԺ֮죬Ψհ˿̣ȻһҪңһɡ
˵֮ʱֱӳַ̤ɷŨ·Ҫַ
Ŀ£ҲûгֹýˣַʲôΪ
ҵ뿴СƾʲôҶʦֲһ漴͵һֱӳַŹĿ磬öַ
Ȼֻʱַ㣬ǹճһĨĮЦ⣬֮ˡпɱ֮
һĨεĽ⣬ͻأĳ˵ǿң⽣֣رһɱ֣֮ʱַ㣬ޱȣͷ·һ֮ҪݻһС
ǳַ㹥ȥ֮ˣͷҵĲ£ڶƣҲԥ£ʧȥһǰơ
ɽǰоԼеһҶۣڷҡҷš
ÿ¡ͷݺݵս£Ȼһգٹַ㣬ӵ˿½ˣǲ
ˣַЦֱָ˶Է֮ϣһҽ˵ƻδüأĴ£¶ޱʹɫ
ַһָݻеһ磬ֱŰ
ҽȻֹΪʱַָŽָʺǰֻҪַǰͣûˡ
˷·ʹĿһĶַ㣬ȴַһ˿ɱ֮⣬ĵΪҳͷȴɱ
ַĻһң
뵽һ˿ܣȻһû˼ȻҵģȻʶԷ֪Էʵңȴûȥַ㣬뵽⣬ɫҰף¶һ˿֮ɫ
ȷܿɱ
ַ̧ͷŲԶĶңңеƷԣΪսңȴŶԷȻƷ㡣
ַĻöҵǳ鴤£漴ַĿתֿң֮ɫԽԽŨ
ƷΣǿǲҪ˵ģѩ۾ţң㣬Īе˵ǰһԿ䣬ңô޳̶ֳܵȣĪѩʥԺģ
ԡɫӲĮĵ
ԣַЦң㲻ҪңͬΪƺ֮ˣƺڵĴս᲻ʶң᲻Ҿ˵Ҫߴңпܹսʤҡַ㣡
£ʱȺͷҵĲ¡
ַ㣡
ַ꣬㣡
ѹˣѹֻˣѹǶĬԭַ㣻ַ㣬ˣ


0317 
Ⱥ̨ϵӰ𾪡
ûַĻҵȻ֪ȥɱַѻʯһңȴδֹɼƷô
ΪսƷвܳƺã˵Ƕӡ
ҺҵĻԣơ
ǱַЮ֮ˣʱɫѿдŷŭң޳ܣУֶԸַ㡣
ַ㣬ʱ޹ء˶ַ˵
ַ㵭ĮĿһۣĿ¶һĨЦ
޹أǿЦҲ㣬ѾУһַдź⣺ѡһ£Ӧȥܺ
˵գַָеĽ¶ֱӴ˶ԷʺȺĿȻһ
ɱˣַ㣬ɱ˶Է飡
֮ʱҲôģĿ
ַתƽޱȣ᣿п磬ôᣬͻҪԷҲٻΪᣬǳΪҵֶΡ
ɱ֮ˣ顣
Ŀתңַ¶һ˿̵Цݡ
ƺڡһţ
ַ˵˾䣬Ǻܴȴ㹻˶
ַĻʱĿøľղţ˵ңƺڵĵһţƺڶţҲվһʵ˿̣ͬΪƺڵַǰ
˭ƺڵĵһţ
ƺڵһţַҲƺڵĵӣڣһΣ
ַҳĬֵĮ˵һҵɫԽԽʡ
µȺҲ¶ɫңƺڵһţַսأ
ַ㣬ǰĶԹԺ˶ϣҴӣ뿪
ҵ˵˾䣬͸˿˿䣬ַĳ֣һжˣ澡ʧ
뿪ַ㳰˵˵ƺڵһţƺڶδƷ츳˫ַ㣬ΪƺڵĵӣǰǡҲǣҪңնǹƺڵʱǺ˵ͽ˭Ҫ죿
Ĭš
ңʦţ֮ͽڣﵱű˵˵ƺܳĵӣƷĵӣǾƺڱûܴĻ𣿡
ˡŭһַ㣬Ҫ
졣ַҾҶŭȣŲǰһ磬һɺ嫵ɱɫ˲԰ףŲ˲ֹ̤ڵ֮ϣŵŵɫѿ
һڼţ˵ҸҪң
ַЦ˵ңһ޳֮ܵͽѣ˶˵
ˡڿ̨վĮĿַ㣬ַ㣬
Ҳұ졣ַŭһЦ
ղţ㲻ǴŮƺڵһ츳Ʒ˫վʲôҪߡ
㵽Ҫʲô͸һĨɱ⣬ÿɺ޵ַ㣬޲ýַնɱ
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ʲôַ¶һ˿Ц⣬ĵңͶЩڣ񣬱˦⣬Ҳûֹôַ㣬ϴ׷Ͷ񣬿ϧѡŮѡãȻңַˣҪúõĺһˣҪΣã
ȺĿ΢΢һвǳв
ַ㣬˵ĺף죬˵ģңҿԲƽϣҪ
ַ㣬вҵүң
ҵȻҲַ㻰ев֮⣬ɫѿ쵰Ů飬ĺŹ嶼ۼڴˣ¼Һҵˣ£ַ㾹Ȼв
վڸ̨ϵģַֻһˣǣȴǿ
ַ㣬̫ſˣֱ޷죬Щˣ
ǶŭЩŹ壬ҲһɫдЦЩѪյꡣ
һЩѩʥԺˣַ־ɱǵʥԺӣУͱˣǸо޹⣬͸ַ㡣
쳽УҲŭĶַ㣬һ̫ˡ
ַ㣬Ȼ񱻷ΪѪ򣬵ݵλߵˣҲв٣үôǻѪѵΪԼͷ޷ˣܹ˵Ŀˡ
̲ס˵ַ㣬˸޵Ĺâյ裬ĥجΡ
̧ͷַ㵭ɨһۣƽһ˿Цݡ
ˣ㣬Σ
ַ㵭³һ仰еһͣĿˣУΣ
ޱȵĿ
ַ㣬ҪЩӣַĳУ˳ΣַˣҪΣ
̨µ³һооһѪӿǣ·ҲΪַ㣬Щ߸ϵĴǣǿ˵Ҿˣ㣬Σ
ȻַĻеɫʱˮѿޱȣŲסţȻ˵
쵰ɶĻ쵰ƫƫ֪ηַ㣬ʵַ㣬Σֻܽˣĵס
Ҳ˼壬ʲô㣬ǸַƺŹУĮ³һеɫԽԽѿ
㣬Ǹûмַ
ЩŹӵܣӷŭĶַ㣬ַ㣬⡣
Ȼ̤׼һС
Ÿ̨Щƽһ߸ϵȺдһ˿ɫ³һ
˭վַһսʤңͶʵʵĴҪٷƨ
ַ㣬һˣУ


0318 ɱ
žռ䣬һƬžС
˶Ŀַ㣬ӰĿһеǵĶĤвϵĻصš
Ȼַ紫ĿˣһС
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ȴû˸һӦս˭ս
ڽһǰ˵ַʵѾﵽ侳ذأޱߣ񣬿ַһܽˣһƣͿԽŵӣܿ£Ƕȥַһս
Ϊַ㵱͸ɱκɱģȻˣַ㣬Ҳ͸ɱǡ
ģֻơȥѹַ㡣
ַ㣬֪ںЩ˵ɫȻû뵽ַš
ң˵ˣսߣһҲСַĮ³һöҵе졣
ûˣܹŵַ㣬ѹסƺֻ
⿴ƺЩЦ
ңǻ֮ˡ
ѩʥԺŵӡеλĺŹ塢пֲ¼Һӵܣ˿ֲһ˸ǡ
ȴƫƫַ㣬ޱȵ꣬Ƶķӣַ㣬˭£ˣôһӣʵȴ⿴̨ϵ궼Ҫǿңӵ¿أǲ֪Ρ
㵽Ҫʲôַʵ
ʲôַЦˣңңգ߸ϣΪһ仰Ҫңɱֵܣޱȣս̨֮ϣⱻƺΪŵĵӣأϧȴĬĬܣȻѱţ޳
Ȼڣ㾹Ȼվ̸ԴԼƺڵһţ츳Ʒ˫Ѿû֮ģ̤˵ַ㣬Ҫʲô
ַĻ³ҵͷһַеɱ⣬зһ˿˿⡣
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ʲôƨţƺţ츳ƷЩǹƨǻΪҺַܹᲢۡ
ΪղŶҶҵĽԼԼĳ̫ѤˣȺоš
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գҵĴ֮գΪַĳ֣ȴΪַַ̨㣬Ψһǡ
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ס֣
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ͷ𺳵ңַ㡢Ҫɱˣû˸ҵҲûΪ
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ɱ
ɱڿţû˿Զҡַľģûַֹɱҡ
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Ⱥ֤ǣַľܵ
˵棬ҺͶӣַ㣬ɱң˶һҵ˿̨Ⱥ


0319 µַ
Ϣ
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ˣˣڴ֮գַնɱˡ
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츳һΪλ˵һնɱ
Ʒ˫̳ˣΪѱţַָУ
ҵĻԣӦ÷ַϣʵַ㣬ƺڵĵһţƺڣδַϣűѱ䣬пޱǿ󣬵ɽŲⲻ֮·նɱһ赲֮ˣӣҲɱֻΪǹɳޡ
Ⱥɣгһգַ֮ʱն
ŴĶ񣬿ǵµʬ壬۾ܴ󣬳˺ȻͲ˼ɫ
ˣΪµˣַһɱˣ˾֪ˡ
Ҳվ٣гǿҵɷǰҵ㡢ҵ츳Ʒ˿̣ңȴֻʣһʬ壬׵ıնɱ
ѩʥԺˣҲվַ㡣
ңʥԺ֮ˣַ㣬Ȼ˵ɱɱЩѩʥԺĵӣķš
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һͿӵԼ˽ΪүǣĹϽУȻҲ˽вū
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Ůڴ֮ձɱһ뿪˼֤ţ»ڼ̵ʱڴ£ңܷŹַ㣿

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ΪԶɱ뷢ˣʱ̶Ҫùڱϣ˽ҲӵԼǿ
ҲſϢټĹ㳡סǧ˾ټʸ͸ŵķ֮Խŵ˫ȷ
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ŵµҲһ˿ԥη壬һַѾǿ󵽲֮ңúȥδӣ
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ʱڶҵԣеһö΢΢һ漴һֱ뵽ĶС
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޾ɫ⻪ַ嶼ΧסһĲϵšš
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ļʸȻ׵ıڻɫĺʴжǿ
ÿµ꣡
ȺͷûãЩʸַˡ
ҿһĻ۽Ǻݺݵĳ鴤£ƿգѡ
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˵ǧ˶ʱַ˹ȥЩˣȫ˽侳ǿ侳Ҫ˺ȥշѹַ㡣
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ֻһ˲䣬ǧ˱߾Уǧͷ߸߰ͷ­һӰ˵ġ
ߣұɱ
³һǧſҧȺɹȥ˲䣬ǧˣȫɵˡ
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ȺͷǺݺݵĳ鴤£ÿ£ַ̫꣬ˡ
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˽ͷĿ˲䱻ɵǧˣоһĿѣ岻סĲšǡɱַ㣿ɱ
ַ㣬Ǹɷǡħ
ɱɱѾѡŭһʱ˶ˣǸնǧһ˳ס漴ɵǧˣȫ
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Ҳɱˡ
һſ־֮˿ʼӣɱַ㣬˽ƾʲôװ
ӣʱеˣʼˣΪ˶ֵá
ַ̫ˣͲɱ˵ģɱַ㣬ûһֵң֪ҪȥƾʲôȥΪ


0320 ɱү
ǧˣƬʱ䣬ȫܣֻӴܣŶҵĲϵ³
ˡȫˡ
ַǿ󣬳ϣ˵ϣ̫ġ
ܻ꣬ǧߣɵ̫ˣʱַ㣬˭ܶٶˣҲɱ
ַ㣬ɷǡħ
ȺַԼΪ𺳣лǿֶΣ̫ˡ
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ַ㣬˺ս٣ɱ١
ң⻹ûãһ죬ַܹû꣬ӵĿֲǧߣ˲ɱˣ˭ܵ
㳡ΧȺоЩλãַ㣬̫ˡ
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ǧ˵ľܣȫΣַ㣬׼Ҫˡ
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Į³һ·ַ㡣
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ɫһַô˵ȻΪүҪɱүôƾʲôҪŹ㡣
ַ㣬Ҫɱ
վǱ⣬ҶңүŵǻѪɱңӻϡҽҰȺͷ΢ңˣηַ㣬Żˡ
ַɱҺַ㣬Զˡ
ѪַЦˣƽЦˣκҲǻѪҪɱңԣɱڣɺúõվ
һûַ㣬ĶӶɱͬΪүλˣַУں
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Ⱥͷк쳽һ˿Ц⣬ȫǶ񶾵˼һҪַأַ㣬


0321 㼣
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ȺĿ³ȫѯҺͶҵ⵽ĻǼٵģҺͶңôܻ˭ֵʵɱǡ
ǾϴŶҵƺҲȤߵˣҵΪ𺳣ӣԶҵǱȽϸȤ
ʱȴŪӣտڲԣǺŵЦ⡣
٣յľƲˣȫˡʱһǱΪٵӶʱЦŵˣȻλô֪ұߴҡ
ǿɻǵãһٳǣתǬɱʮоǧﵥӪȹš
Ȼǵãַ㣬֣˭ǡ
ǺǡǳǳЦ£漴ַ㣬ˡ»ص˻ʳǡ
ַ㣬ˡȺĿһַʧôã³ô
٣ַѵҺͶйϵɣʵ
Ȼйϵǻ֪ɣַ㣬պͬΪƺڵĵӣڶƺڵʱѡѱ䣬ַȴһǣɱΧƺڵ֮λҲַɱ֮ӣң˴Ҵ飬̤նɱͽңҪΪұҲַһɱˡ
ɫȺǷ·𿴵Χƺڡַ㵥˶Χ龰Ӣ۰νȾѪ¡
ַ·𿴵ַУɱӢۺ顣
ǵģòƽַ㣬ȻҺͶӣɱԼңȻǺǰһĿ
ϧˡ̫ϧˣǾȻûȥûۼ֤ĵ¼
ٿ˵ķӦΪ⣬ȻʱӰͬʱĿ⣬һ˫Ѫͫ׶۾ϴŨɷ
¹ȥ˶ã
֮ĮһͷһڲǰڣϢѾڻʳɢ²úͻᴫǣҾû˵ԡ
˵Ӱ˸£˲Ϣ뿪صλϣǴŶҵӵշá
ߡվ֮һ漴̤ľ¥Ŷڵȥȵ̤ʱȺȴѾɢˣղ˵ַػػʳǣնɱԼҵϢǣڻʳڳ͸
ңѩ¹үһүԲ˵С£Ѿ㹻ѩ¸߲ˡ
´˴εķ粨ûô׹ȥַ㲻ɱ˶֮󣬻ƽƽһҲûУЩַгˣӦ
к쳽뿪֮󣬾Ϳʼܴ飬׼ַ㶯ˡ
ַ츳ֲ̫һ
һϵеĺַûпǣֻ飬֮ͽַѰ
ɱң޻ڣҪΪҸҪɱַ㣬ַȻҲնɱҡ
һУԹ޻ڡ
һѧԺַһ̤Ϥĵط
ַҲˣŰһѧԺĵĵӣˣַ¹˦⣬ݺݵŰһ
˵ǶݳǵʱҲַ㣬նһֱۡ
ټַһЩ䶯£˵һѧԺ˸ַĻв˽ַΪһѧԺĽַʼգûгϹԼһѧԺˣֻѧԺѡ
ַ㡣
ַ㣬ˣһѧԺ
һѧԺڣ˲Ϻǣַ㣬ѾѩµһѧԺС


0322 ʱ
ַ̤һѧԺһ̣ϢڻʳЩŸ߲ӣ뵽˵ĶС
һϢַ㣬ҺͶ֮գɱԼүңޱȴ󵨣Ϣ˾֪
ڶϢһβڻʳǱն׺̤˻ʳǵУ˵Ϊַԡ
Ȼ֪ڶϢˣֻ࣬Щݵλ˲֪
һαԩ㱻նɱַ㼰ʱϵȣһΪǱϵˣҺͶ֮䣬ĳޡ
ǵĶӶκΪһε¼
ȻݺˣıߣⲢܷԼַĺޣ˵ֻҪлᣬǻ᲻ֶεɱˡ
£Ȼ̤ʳǣѵͲ
Ϣѩ¹ĻʳǣһɰӿţϢȴΣա
кܶˣҪַأ˴Σַɱ˶ңǷ˼ɻ䣬һԸַĽڡ

һ㣬ַ֪飬ʱѾصһѧԺס
ַķ䵱УʱŲٵȺܿѩη⡢Ԭɽַ뿪һѧԺúõߣΪַԵʣûһѧԺҲûʲô˸ǣңʰѩҲżչһ
˵Ϊúܿ졣
ܿѩѾ侳صΪˣԬɽ侳أĶη⣬𵱳Գ˼֣ȻѾӵ侳صʵ츳ǳĺãַмֲ졣
ηĽ̫ˣѪ֮ǿη⣬Ѫ츳ҲͬѰ
ЩѣַҲ΢ЩмԼַܾˣһѧԺʺϡ
ʱǻᡢʵҲôǿѧԺаȻˡ
ڵʵǿԵȥһ侳ΪҲѾˣǶε˶ԡ
磬ڵ㣬ʲô磿
η⿴ַ㣬Ŀ˸ţ͸˿˿ڴ
ַѩ£Ӧøǿ˰ɣ侳ַ֪ṳ̂룡
η⻰£ʱҲַ㣬΢мڴ
үӦÿ侳˰ɡѩ˵˾䡣
侳̫Զˡַ˵ͷܹоΪѾ侳۷ˣͻ侳Ҫһʵ
ַţ侳̫Զˡ
ַϣ΢Ȼˣַ㣬Ŀ侳ˣ츳̫ˡ
ܿʶַ绹ãַʲôϲܹܣΪַ㴴漣̫ˡ
ԬɽͲôȻˣϵļ鴤£һ츳ÿֲ
Ԭɽǿַ̤һѧԺģʱַ㣬侳ءΪ󣬾һ侳ֻһ֮ң
侳ô𺳵ļ֣ԣ׷롣
ַ㣬ȻѾ̤ľˡ
һѧԺòҲǰʱͻ侳ɣ˺Ѿַ츳ǲַ㡣
֮⣬һѧԺַĶˣڶ䣬Ҳַ㡣

ʱһصĺǵĶĤУԬɽ¡
ǿϢĪǣ˽侳磿
ԬɽĿһǰʱ䣬һˣ侳ʱ򣬾ǿϢϢһνһѧԺˡ
ȥ
ַĸܵϢǿ󣬳侳·һ磬侳硣
һ˿䣬Ȼ߳ʯңһѧԺȥʴǴϿմݿġ
ʱַ㣬һѧԺĴȺһѧԺķȥ
ֻĶ֮ϣһӰǣХޱȵ硣
ڴ˵ϣһɺ嫵Ԫתţҫۣͻƴﵽ侳ı
䣬ˡ
Ⱥͷһʮڶ䣬Ǽ֮󣬵ڶ侳ǿߣޱȵ硣
ѩ¹һʱҪˡ
ȺоһλãһѧԺλţ̿䣬ңѩ¹ʳǵУҲ侳꣬ЩˣȫǿߵĺˣС
˶Ǵԣÿһѩȵʱ򣬾һʱ١
ʱŵʱҫ۵ŵӣ᲻ϵӿΨܽȫѹסΪһ޶ţŴһţŵʱ


0323 
յУǰȻӰǣſĴЦš
ꡢ֣
еӰ˵ʱ긡֡
꣬ɫı֮ˮƻãˮ֮ĻϿµ䣬һֱɫ˿꣬Ȼɫ˿꣬ȴϽ䣬ʵʵı֮ˮǰá
꣬ǰûпʹ꣬ԭ־ͽ֪꣬к֮
Ⱥɫı֮ˮаһص꣬Ȼ֮ġ
꣡ܵԼ꣬Цӽ쿪ʼ䣬һѧԺһţۡʰѩ֮ҵĶַ֣֮ڿ֮УǷϡ
ƺ͸ŵĿ֮ȴ컹ߣȺһ̡
һѧԺڶĵ䣬˵ʰѩȺܹܡ侳˵ַϣҲ⣬ۣһֱһѧԺǿӣһţڲǰ֮䣬ȴ˵ҲĶˣ治֪ĵͻȻ˵Ŀޱˡ
ʱֻĿ⳯·ǴưЦݡ
ȻȺʲôЩһֱڵڶѹơ
䣬֤ҵĻ֮ڴ˵أһֱսۡʰѩˡνַ㣬ĻҲ⡣
ЦһϢȥɣ֮ڴ˵ع򡣡
˵գĽŲһ磬ֻ̤Ƭ̱ʧ֪ȥ˺δֻ𾪵Ⱥ
䣬ȻҪһ֮սۡʰѩˡַˣ̫ˣ侳䣬Ȼŵ˵ĳ̶ȣĿһС
ѵǱк֮ΪһѧԺĵһţ˴棿
˶һ뷨Ī뷨ţȷʵǿҵĳ
ʱַҲվ·ȺУʧڿеӰĿ˸
ղţһһǿĸӦȥܶԷı֣꣬˿Ļ֮꣬·Կռ䶼з֮Ч˿귶ΧеĿռ䣬˿֮Ŀռ䲨̫һ¡
»ȪĪǣ˶
ַ㰵һ漴ҡҡͷ䣬һѧԺһӵںȻ̤侳սһѧԺţΪԼ
ңַЩƵǣ»ĪĲ佫ҲУȻп޵ϡ
˺񣬵ȵү侳һҪúýѵһ
ѩЩ˵䣬ַڷ̫֮ˡ
˵ַ㻹ûп䣬ַԣҪἸ꣬⼸ַ꣬᲻䣿
ַ㲻һЦѩһۣܹѵǳĴϻۡƽ⡣
ûеַڲ䣬˵Ժַǿͬʱʾַ㲻Ҫȥ½սѩ⿴һ仰ȴ̺ǻС
ѩַĿ⣬ͷ΢΢£Ͼһ˿糺죬ַ峺УоǵС˼Ӳַ۾
߰ɡַ㵭˵һǻṳַ̂ĽŲֻͣǰһŮ΢΢ͷվǣ˫ֽţƺЩš
ơϪַһ䣬ϡǵãŮƺųǵŮϪԼء
㻹ǵҡϪ̧ͷ΢мƺЩĿַ㡣
ַ㣬Ȼܺ
š
ַ΢ЦŵͷգҲһŮȰϪ˯һҹ̤ĸ߲㣬Ϫȴ˵ϲַ㣬û뷨˳֣вϪǳԵַ㿴ȥ˦˶˵Ķ⣬ö˹ڵϣϪĸ߲
ЩַȻҲǼǵһЩġ
ַ㡭ַͷϪСԵ΢Щ˷ܣ˵ʲôȴƫƫ˵ˣ
㡭𣿡Ƭ̣Ϫ˵˼
Һܺáַ㺬ЦͷϪЩ֪ˣֻվǣƽʱΪԾʱȴľګ
ˣúַϪ˵ͷ漴̧˽Ų߹
̧ͷϪȴֻһ˵ıӰУɵŨŨʧ֮ɫ
ʱÿգ￴廳һľû뵽쾹ַֿ㣬ϧȴ˵
ߣöŮӡϪһ˿΢֮Уַ߼λŮƯ
ϪҪˣǣһġԱߣһŮοһŮϪѣҲڳȻϪϲַ㣬һ֮󣬸ϲóԣ˼ĺ롣
ַ֮䣬̫Ľǲͬһˡ
Ϫ˵ŮһۣУмʪ󣬼棬ƺֻΪһεͽˣַ㣬ֻеûɡ
ַ㲢ԼֻΡŮĵλȻҲܿԷ㺡
ַ㣬ƺϲ㡣
ЦЦĿַһۣ˵
Σַ㿴
ѵһζ̫ϲŮӣΪβܱˣˣӵڶŮˣʲô˵˿˿Цݡ
ĻַԵļλŮӶһɫھ½ΪһŮ֮£ҲƽЩڵˣӵҲΪ棬һЩŮˣӵвˣȻǰ߱Ƚձ飬ȴ١
ַϸĿĿ˸£漴ڵ˵ҪҵŮˣҲӦý㣬𣿡
ַĻһ漴ݺݵĵַһۣ˭Ը⵱쵰Ůˣ顣


0324 
ʱ䣬תۼսʰѩ˵ϢѾѧԺ
ˣҲ˴£ַ㣬ȻҲڱ۵˵УʱȴֻǾԺеʯεУԣǸ䲻ȵģĿ⿴ǰҲ֪Щʲô
ͬʱܿԼѩҲԺ䵱УָŮһЩϵ⣬żַ㼸ۣ˵ദǢ
ʱʯŵ棬û

ַһ漴ʯŻſһŶҵӰ
Ӱʹͷ΢΢̧𣬿ַ㣬ַͭ߳ߵУ֮£һ˫һƾâ
磡
Ӱһַһ漴վ
ƾ
磬ҡƾԺ䣬ʯŻĹرա
ƾʲôʱʳǵģַĿ΢ߵƾǰѩ´䣬ַ֮㣬ǣȴ˺Լƾ
ƾӦڶгǲŶԣȴǰ
磬ǰ͵˻ʳǣֻǣһѧԺ׼̤룬죬취ֱŻһѧԺУ
ǣַ˵˭˻ʳǣ
ͽҲˣ磬㡣ƾ֣ص˵һַĿ˸ǧӶгǸϸʳǣΪ˼·ǱѰĻܻðΣ̤ʳǵġ
ַ㵱ȻףʳǶԣյأΣ
ߡַûж˵һ仰ĮĿ˵
áƾ˵ͷ漴ת̤ȥС
ԺеŮ΢΢£飬ǰվַ
飬ʹ⣬ûµĻҺܿͻַת˵һֻ˸£漴˵ͷ
ַźƾһ̤ʯţַ㣬ʵڲϵĽӽ飬дΣգ޷ӦȥҲҲΣա
ƾֱַһҾ¥¥ĳܼ򵥣ȴֻܰмˡ
УмһԣŶҵӰǣ̤¥еӰǵԴ̧
磡
վַ㺰
ַ㿴˺һۣ漴ĿŸɾϣո˼֡
壡ַ㺰һ
΢΢ͷַС㣬
ַ΢΢ͷĶ£ʵ壬ôʳˡ
ġ˵С㡢ǣôˣ
λܺãڶݳǡ
ǾͺãϧѪˡ̾ϢһҲҲȥѪˡ
壬㡭ַ¶һ˿Ц֪˵ʲôźãϴε飬Ĵ̫ˣȻŶңɫͷ˳޴£ȵ̫ࡣ
˭飬ãֵΪԼԼҲΪ
ңһжĪеΪѩ·һѩȴ˴
С㣬ĦԽ̫ĦɣǴսΪ侳񣬾˵Ѿ侳ؾ硢ߣڲǰĦԽٴηгǣͬʱгһбټһպûķϳǣֻҪĦԸ⣬׹ġ
˻ַĿһĦɣֹгˣ
ѩ²ɾԮ
ҡҡͷһκѩΪ䣬ȴβܾɶгǣҲ˵ѩ¹ѾгǣԼг֮ǧƽԭǳǻˣˣֻҪĦԽһɳֱ룬¾
ַһ󡢾ܾɶгǣѩ¹гĦԽڡ
ѩ֮ҵǲ̫ģĦڶһͷ´ĦԽ̤֮ĺ󣬲÷ٻκγǳء¾κƽ񡣡
ĻַһβĦɾȻƳǡҲ
һУƺЩ̣
С㣬ҲеķΪѩ֮ѩ»Ҳں͸ɱ֮ƵĦԽȴɱˣֱЦԳһЦ漴ϵľƱͷһ
ȿȣ
˼ƺЩַҪǰȴ˰ַֹ֣㡣
С㣬Ⱦƣʳǣûʲô£Ǽ򵥵ļ䡢ȼ
΢Щįһսʮʿ磬ʣľַ֮ȥݳǣߵģֻʣŮơ
ЩԸƽ˵ĶûС
һǡƾĽȴпʵĥû˰âֻ޾Ĳã֮⡣
ȾơַҲƱһ漴ָϣ֪ȰҲûʲôȰġ
һҾ¶ǣɫԽӵĲ԰ȴ˿ûֹͣ˼һࡣ
С㣬һҲˣǵðҺúչ˷ƷƣСûĸףҳûܹ̫ĹػƢǺܺãϣܰ
Ҿȶˣȴѣ̧ͷַ˵
壬ҪڻʳǣҪȥˡ
ҡҡͷ¶һ˿ζЦݣЩ£Ҫң廹֮ǰ顣
飿ַ㲻Ǻ⡣
һ׵ģ˴ֻһ仰˵⣬ͣ£漴ַ۾˵顢Ϊۻ
顢Ϊۻ
ַģȻһ仰Ȼû뵽仰³
Ľ³һ仰𺳣


0325 죬Χɱ
顢Ϊۻ
п磬ΨԼϱǿ󣬲ؿʱ׵ıĨɱ
˵仰ֱվƮֱӳȥ
һضгǰɡ
ƾͺͬʱַһַۣͷ漴̤
ַû˵뿪¥ʳǣΪ˺һȼƣ˵仰ѡ
Ȼ壬ֻм仰ô
Ʊַ㽫֮漴£ھ¥У˼Ǿ仰ĺ塣
ӶгǸϸʳǣΪһ仰飬ѵʾʲô
·ãַĽŲվ漴˾¥
ַ㲢ûм뿪˼ַͣĿƽǰĵôˣó˰ɡ
Ŀռ䵱У΢˿˿ߴӿ䣬ż⡣
ԶķݵУһӰվĿַ⳯ȥˣǲû¶ۼַ㾹
ʲôˣ
ַĮĿһۣʵУ͸żƺ⡣
ַ㣬ΪѪͳ죬ȴһɱү޿ˡ죬һˡ˵Į˵ַ΢΢һâʹ˵
ɣȻˣαҪַ㵭˵Ļ£ʱڰһӰӿ֣ϵݶϣȫĮעַ㣬һȺ˵ĿⶼΪûһӹµ֮
ͻأ˸£һ˵ڿݺᣬƮȻ˸Ƭʱ䣬ǵ壬ַΧַŵΧС
ûңʲôˣַٶһտʼΪȺ˵Ŀȴö֮뿪ˣûκ赲赲ˣΪַңΪ˻ɱһ¡
˭ֻҪ֪ǣʳִ֮ʳǡ
ղ˵ٶȿڣ͸ź⣬ַ㣬÷ûκεĻᣬ
ַ΢΢һһɹŶȻڴ˿̣һ֮ƮУƺ߷ٸ
Ƭ֮󣬹ֻΪ֮ˣһװݡ
ˣַϵãǻʳǽͳڼɣĵˡ
Ⱥ˲佫ΧٶȵΧסЩΧסַ΢΢һڼɵڼɣǺ⣿
࣬ҵҪ㣬ʳ򣬵һʳǽϽڼͳ죬˳Ǻ⣿
ڼɫĮ˵ûĿһ漴Цʳַҵүɱȴң⣬ҲǽˣǸʲôģ
һʳǽԻᴦʱֵԽ޴ңһʳ֮¡ڼɵĮ
Ŀ˸һЩȺһۣսĹģǿҪ֣ǶȻԿ
ң˶֪֧ʳǽǶӶĵˣ˭Ҫֱ档
ַ㣬һҪߣ
ȻڴʱһĮֻԶӰ˷֮ϣĿ䣬˵ϣŷǳǿϢͷһݡ
侳Ϣ侳ǿ߲ӵеϢ
ңиղû˵ˣһֱۣȻǿյģǣ֮ˡ
ᣡ
ַɨ˵ֱһۣͻأһˣ˵һѧԺǰʱͻƵ侳ĵһŵӣ˳Ϊֻۣһֱۣۡ
ʱ꣬ҲǶۣۣ
ɱүĿһУַ㣬Ҫߡղ˵֮ظһ䣬ǿӲ̬ơ
ǣˣƺѾ׼֣ΪģҪַһ
ַˣȫԼ˵
λƺǰ˵˰ɣ
ڼ³һ仰ˣһͬҲһˡ
˵ΪüСɣѩ¹ҵļϽΪ㡣
˵ĴڣΪһЩˣڹовͳελʱ򣬾ͻὫ֮ɳִά
ˣȴƺǰ˵ˡ
ۣ侳һؾΪһѧԺ츳ڵĵӣȴѱס
Ҳͬأ
ڼ˵ʱڶԼһ˵ϣһȵѹ֮ͻأڿռţѹƬռ䡣
ͬ⣬ҲҪͬ⣬ַ㣬Ҫߡ侳ǿ߶ڼɣ˵ǶӶģҲӣ
ˮţַ彥ıʪˮ·֮ϣѹֵĿռлӣԽԽŨ


0326 ɱ
ַ㰲վˮ֮УΧΧŵȺ˸
ˣλ侳ǿߣЩˣڼĻʳǽУǵ󣬶վȨ
ɱַ㡣
ַĬ£ӵҪģҺ¼⣬Ҫ¼ˡ
ȻҲпǶǵˡ
˭µڼĮ˵Է̬ȺǿӲڣҲҪַߡ
ûеȶԷ˵ڼּ˵Ű˺ߵĺܽӦҷڰ˵˰ɡ
أΪλڼֿ˶ۣ鱨ϢۣӦòκֻһĿޡ
Ŀĺܼ򵥣ܽһұ뿪
۵˵һȺĿ΢ˣֻΪ˿ַʵַһ
ڼɽĿͶַ㣬ַֻ㿴Ŷ۵۾ƺ뿴ʲô΢΢ͷַɣ
˵Ŀ΢ַ㣬ȻӦӶ֮
۵ϣһɿֲĵڿռӣ񡢰Ե䣬Ƕ֮ϣԪ֮תݣɫĹ⻪ڶ˸ţ˿Ƕֱۣۣһֱۡĵ
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ڼɸܵɵ⣬Ŀ΢΢˸£ۣһѧԺһˣƣֲܿҲַ֪᲻Σա
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ȴ¶ȴĽ֮⾳ȺĿ⵱УַƺѾַ㣬һصĽ
ˮɵ䣬ֻҪڶۺַܣᱻ˺ѣǵ壬˿겻ýΪգΨй⻪ҫۡ
۵ƻ̧𣬻˵۵ĵ𣬶ͬʱַ֣ôǣյУ۵Ԫתһֲתۼ䣬ǾУһԪ֮սԪ֮
׼ˣ侳֮ҵĵֹʮ˴Ρʮϣܻš۽˵
ַ㣬ȴûȥ谵֮ռУַıϣʶȥۡȥ롣
ͬʱַԺУһ֣ɫĽս֮
ÿһοַı޾սͿֲļ֮⣬Ϊɢ
ַʵԽǿ֮ʱԽԪ֮ҲܵȾԽԽ£
ţۿűַ㣬ϵϢԽԽǿңǹս⣬ֲܿ·ܹϵıǿֹ
뿴⽣ռ̬֮ǿ󵽺εȵزȴָо޾ģΨвϵıǿûռ
ն
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ַҲˣԪ֮𣬿ֲޱȵĽ⻯ʵʣϺյľ޵֮ϣ죬̶
޼᲻ݡ𣡡
ַϣս£壬ڿգû˸Ǿ޵ȥеĽ޵
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ÿ£ˣš
Ⱥа۵ĵԲ˵ַ㣬侳Ϊ侳ĵȻ˿ˣս죬ȼյսԼµ˸оֲ
ڴʱâ˸еľ޵ͻأʧӰͬʱַеԪ֮ҲɢΣˣͬʱս
һսʸ񣬿ϧջҪս䣬վ͵ΪֹϣܺúõĻš
˵תŲ̤У¼ŵӰҲĶ۰㣬յȴɱ
˵ַһ뿪
գսӣȥӦս
ֻʸô
ַһ˿Ц漴ĿٶȱϣɱԪ֮һθ֣սȼա
ţ˵üͷһ壬ַ㣬ʲô
ɱ
ʱַֻ³һ֣ޱȱ֣˸Ҫ۾ռеһУ˵
һк£һҫ۵ɱӰֱӱâɣҽж
ɱðԵַ㣡
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֮˴ɷҪߣȻΪƷ裬ҪģԣҪˣʲô˵ģΨɱ
ɱֹɱַ
ڲп磬ҪɱҪҪɱԼ֮ˣԷҪɱԵɱ¾ԷͬҪɱȻˣΪҪѡǰߣɱһˣһˡ
򵥵ĵޱȼ͵ģ
Щ֮ɫ䣬֮ǰû뵽ַʵ˿ֲÿһ£·ɱ
ң侳ǿɫ䣬嫵ԪתԪľȻ䳯ַɱȥַֻһԪ֮նɻҽ
ųַͿɱ侳֮ˣôùȥַʵ侳۷壬ټϿֲԪ֮η侳һ֮ˡ
㲻ʹҲ侳һս
貵һն䣬ü˵ߣ


0327 Ŀ
βϵĴӿ£Ѫˮһ𣬽Ⱦ졣
貵ĽâϵĻţ˱նɱѪС
ȻԶɫװӺηϵĳ߱ɱַ㣬ƺǸͲں͸ַɱ
ͬʬ嵹£ǵķ·ͲвҲûη֮ģ˵ˣһʿʿǳ¡
ǵʵ㣬ֻҪԼӴ⣬ץ϶ܶʩչһ
ַޱ飬ΨеĽǰ貣ǾɱȫΪֹ
˺һַ֮㣬ִܻÿһϸ΢ɱУԴһ̨תӳĽޱȵ
ַɵ侳ǿߣʱַͻϮȴӲֻðʿȥַ㿹⣬Ϊա
Զڼվǣַɱ֮ˣûκεвͷȴ΢ЩȻ˵ַ㡢ǿ
ңҲ˵Լַ֪㷢ӳȫʵܵʲôز٣ɱ侳һصˣû⡣
ˣڼʵַİΣֻҪַ㣬жǿ
ͬʱҲԿЩαַնɱģһַ㣬ȻЩ˱ͬˮ𣬻ݡ
𡭡
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ɫͻأĸ֣˳ֻ˲䣬ǰȺɫû漴бڻֱʧ
侳ǿ΢΢ַ㣬ǿ󵽳Ԥϣȫ׼գַһҪ
ַܿյģЩȫɫûˣ淽Ⱥ˸ԾΧס
ǣƺҪľַϵľԪ
ɱ
侳ǿߵͳĺһʱȺȫԼĹ¡¡ϵĴĹֶδԶַ㡣
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侳ǿŭһ˫ͬʱַնɱȥʱеУȱ°ķַѶƬռ䶼ռ
ÿһƬȱ֮УſµϢǽ˵ϣ׽˵嶼ѡ
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ЩİȺУܹص侳ǿߣǰ侳֮˵ȱµйֻڻһҪһ
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ַܹĸܵޱȵذ׾ĺԽԽ侳ǿߣֻҪʱܽذࡣ
Ӱ
ַеͺȣ廯һӰ˲ԭʧǰȥ
ȥ
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һֲŭַ֮ǰɫ߷˳ȥûа㱣
ͬʱַɳǰǰȫŰȱµС
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˺ѣǿµȱµ֮£ַѪķɽһƬƬѪⴥĿġ
ʱַûʱȥᣬˣһޱȷĽǰ侳֮˳ɱȥ
졢쵽һӰ쵽嶼һĨâ
ɱ
һµַ³һ촫侳ǿĿʱ¶Ȼɫ漴ַ峯ײײϣңֱӴ͸֣˫･壬նѳΣַ壬иնѣ

һޱȿ־³Ѫ漴Ƿѳ嶼ȥġ
Ӻɱַ侳ǿ߽ŲͻȻֹסǱնѳεʬ壬ֻͷݺݵĲ¡
壬˵նѡ
ղŵַ㣬Ѿһˣһ޼᲻ݵĽ
˽һ
૵һֻоԼڲһ侳ˣŭ죬ɱѪɺӣʬҰң壬һ侳ǿն룬һĻ̫ġ̫𺳣Щš
ַֻ建ת˿ڣѪţַȴ֪һ˫̹ǵĶ
ģ˵һΣһ侳ˣȻܵǿҵĿ־֮⡣


0328 û
˭ɱҵģַУһĻ³Ŀ罣̶ֱԷ
˾ܵĲãڶ侳ʿһ侳ǿ湥һ侳Ĵ̿ͷɱһҪַģҪַһô򵥡
ǿݣȻ˸ַţ죬һҪַ
ӵвٵĵƣǿݣûɱҪɱĻ֮˶û뵽
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侳Ĵ̿Ŀ˸ƺ˼ʲô㡣

ַ㿴ŶԷ˸ֲɱٶţϣһõĽâ֣֮⣬ֱ
ʱһҪնɱһеĽ
֮⾳ƺǿˡַȻѾ˽һַ㣬ɿ֮ͨȥǱǱ̺Ľ⣬Զַľܹ͸ġ
Ҳζţơ΢֮˽һ֮󣬽иľ磬ûдľ磬ˣԽܲϵļ⣬ҲԲϵߡ
˸ղŵսַԵĸо˽һڽϣͻơ
侳Ĵ̿͸ַܵϵĿֲ⣬ͷһַնɱ侳ͬʱУѾ֮⣬иԼʾʾַ㣬ɥʧս⣬ַʵ൱ܻ
ҡ¼һǶ¼ң
ַŲһ磬ռ䷢Х죬֮⣬гԷ
˵ˣܷŹң侳ǿַѹ֮£׵ľԼַ㣬Ȼ˵ַŹĻ
ַǹճһĨŨĳ֮ɫĮĵղŴɱҵֱۣԼˣٸң뿪
˵֮ʱⲻɢǰĴ̹ǡ
侳Ĵ̿ͷ΢΢£ϵһֱۣ
ֻʱ俼ǣַٶĮ˵
һ

ַ³֣Ųٶһ磬·ʡ
˵Ҳ޷ѹȴĿ־壬漴ŭһž첻ϴֱۻĴ£Լϵ
ЩʱΪıǿ˿ܻԽǵһΪףǻԺúȤ
˵˵ģǼе˭Ҳ֪˴ΣֻЭɱ㣬ܶԸ㣬֡ʹҧҵˣүҪ
˭үַĮһ
УԷӦһ漴ַҴӦĶˣڣҿ˰ɡ

ַ³һĮȴͷһϲת峯Զ˸
ʱһֲɱͻȻĽ٣ͷһ
ȻתȻĻӶ֣ҪԪֻӳʱȴȻķ֣ѾԼϣ޷Ԫ
ͣ͡
ɫĳǹλô͸һƽµǰͳڼɣһǹɱ
ҲһѧԺĴ̿ͣѪʣڼɣʵ
һѧԺˣȻӦЧڵ£㣬ȴΪЧܲ
һֱӴԷĶУ漴ɫĳǹ侳ǿڸ׵Ľ飬˲ϢڼɣƽĽǹγ漴Ŀתַ㡣
ѪɱڼԸΪЧ͡
ڼƽ˵һַУһߣ˵ĶߣַֻΣҲֻĳǹ̳ǹ
һǹԭͳɺ
ڶǹ侳Ĵ̿
лл
ַ㵭ĮĿ˶Էһۣ漴תƣĽŲĿ
ȿȣ
ռ䵱д֮һεѪڵ棬µλһ
ڼɿַƣĲĿ˸ڻɣַղǿֲĽ֮⾳ǲǹͷŵ£ŶԷģʱַ㣬Ҳ޷侳ǿһս侳Ĵ̿ͣȴַĽ֮⾳ŵսûУúʬڴˡ
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ʱ˼У֮Ӱ̨ͤУ˼֮żƷű˼ơ
ʱ䣬õ˰ɡгźӳһʯӣʯںеһƬƣɢ
ɳȥɱַ㣬
쳽һ˿Į֮ɫϮɱַ⣬ģִУͬʱеðǡ
ַԼûиԵľʱַ̣дɱ
ţַ㣬һˡ
صĵ˵ͷ϶ƺΪԼȷַѾ
ʱԶнŲ쳽ͷһĿȻתǼ˸֮ˡ
ΣַǷѾɱ
վʵ
̧ͷеڴ֮⣬ȴЩӲ˵
ţпԷĬ˿˿ĸоȵ㻰
٣ַ㣬û뿪ˣˡ
սս˵Ŀһ˶ѣôûǸʲôԵģȻ׷ɱַ㡣
ǡȫˣɱ
Դ£˵˾䣬лȻһˡַ㣬ˣ
ղŻΪַ㱻ˣӴ뿪ڡ
һɿ־֮ͷӣַ㣬û
ôַԸ֪Ļ֮УŹ
֮ţҪСĽ


0329 Ȫ
һѧԺ䳡ĵңַϥǣԪϵӿ嵱У˿ڲϵϻָ
ָ֮ǿңΪԽߣǿĻָԽֲһֱ֮۱ն϶Ըԭ˵֮ߣ겻Ϊѡ
ַȻᣬ̤˺һ֮ʱ͸ˣӵָҲǿ̶һʱ䣬Ԫ㽫˿ϴѾϣң˴սķǳԪ˿֮壬ҲڷԪεš
ʱַǣһŰɫ貹⻪֣ˣɫ⻪ΪҫۣԪΪԪ
ַ㣬ѾԪԪת䣬ȵԪ鲼ȫ֮Ԫ޸ǿĹܹһͻ侳磬䡣
侳ԽԽˡ
ַһУԪĲһſһӰ̤ˣȻ䡣
ֱӿ粽֮ϣԪ֧壬ǽһɨȺ
˿̵䳡УѾȺգս۵˵ӡ
䣬ôţѵôаܹսʤۣ
ȺͷſеӰ˵͸˿˿սԼ֮·죬ҪΪһѧԺһӡ
ۣڣ
䵭Į˵һ˾ϵĳɢȥڿռлصһѧԺС
ռƬ̣Զһɿֲĵ֮ϣһޱȾ޴õâ֣·ҪնƲ񷡣
漴ȺͿǾ޵ӰУһӰӰ֮ˣĿ絶
Ųһ磬۳䳡ķ̤ǱޱȾ޴֮Ҳһ뵶·ҪںΪһ塣
վ¿յȺܹĸܵǹɿֲĵ⣬Եޱߡ
һսȻǳʡ
ȺĿо㶼͸ڴ֮⣬䣬ſ񣻶ۣԵһսȻս
·꣬˭ܳΪһѧԺһˡ
ҫ䡢Ƕۣ
ۣ֮һѧԺһӣ㡣俴̤ĶۣĮ˵š
ңǿ˵գֻҪʤңһѧԺĳƺţģȻ㲻ϣġͬڣԵ˫һֱһѧԺĵһӣҫóԣǳ衣
ҽղҪսʤ㣬ʰѩˣַ㣬Ҷսһˣ˭һѧԺһˡ
ô鷳վַһжӲסᲢۣʰѩʵɻ侳أǣܶǹвģַ㣬գҺһΣܹסһΪҲһѣԣֻҪʤңͲҪս
˵ޱȣˣûһܺȣַȻУͬĶ֡
۵Ļ·ȺĿһûַ뿪ݳ֮ǰһлܶˣȻȥôʱ䣬˿ɲַĶ֣ңӶ۵ַ㣬ۿõһˣʹˣַ㻹ֻܽסһ
һ˶ѡ
ֻҪʤ˶ۣʤˣսҪսֱӳΪһѧԺһˣҫ
ˣã˷ʱ䡣Ц£ۣսɣ
սսսŭһâ˸֮У޾ĵ֮⾳
һ޴֮˶۵֮ǰбеľ޴ںΪһ壬Ƴ죬һɵ֮⣬䶯˹ȥδȶ
µսȺͷۣһֱһѧԺһˣ鴫̤侳󣬺ǿ
֮⣬ǿΣ
Цһ֣ͬ˿꣬䡣
˿꣬ɢΧȫסʵգȴ·˿겻½ȴڵ档
ǹ䶯ĵ˿ռ䣬ȥ漴㻯һ֮ƣɢΡ
ʲôֶΣ꣬Ȼܲ򵥡
ȺһĻͷ΢䶯δ˿УΪΡ
ɾѡЦһջƣۻ̧𣬵⡢֮ȫĶ֮ϣһĶۣһ޵սصľ޵
տ粽ռХһ䣬ͬʱֱۻľ޴󣬻ն¡
˿꣡
ͺһ֮꾹ϣſƮȥȪˮ졣
Եľ޵ն˿֮ϣܵһεֻܻǰУ޾ı˿꣬·ӵǿ֮뵽˿еľ޵С
ͬʱ峯ǰ粽³һĮȪ
£ʱһɱ˿ֱӳ˶۵Ͽգ۵֡
۵壬Ҳ˿ĻС
һ۵廯һХĳȻ˿֮ʱȴȻһ
壬סˣ˿꣬ͷ·֮Ρ
Ȫ˿ꡢɱ
Į³һ仰ɱ£˿꾹űסĶ۽ɱȥһ̵˿꣬꣬ǵ֮Х֮ն
ɫ䣬ŭһӿ޾ĵâ貵ĵâۣΧռֻ޾Ĺâ巢ʲô
ֻ˲֮󣬶۵Ӱٶȸ֣ʱĶ۰գϣѪ䣬ȫѪ
ÿ£
ȺͷȻһ꣬ǿۣǶ֡
䣬һѧԺһˡ


0330 ַ㣿
ҰˡۿŰȻ䣬Եͳˣܵ˵ĳס
䡢Ȫı꣬ǿ󣬾ܹռ䶼գ˿꣬˿ֵĿռΪһεΣңֻҪ˿꽫סԻ˿˵壬ֻҪϼ֣ղţֱӱ˿Ĩɱ
ӴˣһѧԺһ˵λãġ۵ԱһֱһѧԺǿӣҲһŵ侳̤侳֮ˣ˭֮š
Ȼ䣬һֱѹƵţ͵ĬĬڿ侳֮󣬷·һһޱȿ̤侳Ҫս
ΪǵΣʵȴԽܣ䣬սʤɵսʤһûκս
Ⱥаͬ۵Ļ۶Ķ֣һѧԺǿӣ⻹˭
ʰѩˡַ㣬ڣ
佾Ŀһɨ¿գĮҲڣ䲻սΣʾԼǿ
Ȼȴû˻ӦˣַһжӲסôսʰѩû˵ء
ַ㣬ʱɻ
һȺų֮ȻһѧԺ⣬ˣѾûкһսʸˣϰĴڡ
䳰˵һ漴Ų̤ⲽƬ̱ʧȺߵС
ıӰһѧԺȺĿ˸»ʳǣˣȻſ侳磬ƾǿ꣬ʱգв˴ӡ
һѧԺҪһ˴Ӱ
ʧӰĿȻͬΪ侳Ƚ࣬ȴ˵Ĵ
ǿսܷӳƣɼһ㣬ĵ꣬Ѿǿˣ꣬ȴƵģͰԵĵʩչĻᶼûС
ʱ򣬺¡¡΢촫ڼžĿռ侹ԵøֻϿգһſ漴һݵӰǡ
һϮɫۣ˫峺۾ż֮⡣
ַ㣡
ȺĿһַ㣬Ȼʱ߳䣬ո뿪
ַܿ䣿
һ˿²⣬սַ˵Ϣַ㲻ַܲղȴûг֣ȵһߣҲ̤·ǿ䡣
ַ侳ΪܲһսҲ⣬侳ս侳οʵǿޱȵ䡣
ַܹӶ۵һѾܲˡ
մڿַͿ˵ĿⶼԼвɵһĨɫ漴ĽŲûȺ׼뿪ߡ
ȵȡ
ʱһѾڵַŲһ٣ͣԭء
˵꣬ǿǿ۶ַ㿪ʵ꣬ǵַ㣬޽һ̶ȶԣͬһޡ
ȻôΪַȻ޽ȴûйꡣ
Ȼַ㵭ĮĻӦһûлͷ
ΪΣӵе֮꣬ȴװܸ䣬ûаô
ַ㣬ַ·ԼԵţҡˡ
ʵʤйϵȫܸ䣬ҲĹϵȫǣǿܰܡ
ַ㵭˵ֻ꣬սʵĲ֣ܴУһ侳һ徳ˣ죬Ҳܹ侳ǿ߿⣬ͬǿߣǿս־սԼĶҲܾսʤȫ
ַĿͺñ侳ֻʹý侳Ķۿ⣬˵ַȶǿܶȻܣ
˼˵˲䣬Ĺϵ
۵΢΢˼֣һɺ⽫ַַ֣㣬ʣֻǶԼĻɣĻɣңܸ䣬Ҳַô˵
ҵĿֻǰҵش㡣ַܵϵĺ⣬ҲûзϣҲ΢΢˼֡
ܸ䣬ȴַ㵱ӣô
Ƕʣַۡ
ߣԴſ񣬱ΪַЩ͵Σܽסһܽסҵڶ
ӵĺ䣬вζŨ
Դſ񣿡ַЦһ˶һѵΪַֻܹĽܹ
ſдŨŨвҪһظղʧȥϣսܶʧ档
պַ㣬ʱ֪ܲܽڶ
ַ㵭³һ漴̤뿪˵ء
ȻȺַĻȴĿһַ㣬һսۡ
˵ַԴ˵ַӲסڶַ㣬һս
ʳǶ꣬λڻʳ򣬶֮𣬸߼ǧףվǣɹ۷Բ֮أһš
ʱַӰ˶֮ϣȴûȥ·ķ羰ǾվǣͷգǹڲԲա
ղţַȫֱһսûУ֮ʱַͻȻ˼ֻ֮һ֮ңʲôȥ侳磿
ַţ侳κε⣬ڰǰǸѡʲôߵļУ˲ǿĹ˵侳磬ܹ֮룬Ȼǰ㹻츳֮Ӵ䡣
ڹַ࣬ԣҲûκε⣬κεĹ似긳ģԡ츳
ƣǿ
޽ĽɾͱȽ޶ǿ
κι似Уȡóɾַ֢ͣᣬڿǣһĹ


0331 շ쾭
ߵļ䵱УǿĹࡣ
֮пľ䣬ľ֮Ԫ¾£ɱ¾
Թй޼̺ԪһС
ҽشֻش֮شԪƣ๦ޣ٣඼֮˲Żȥ
ӵлش֮ҽ磬ݣιҽཻãʱԾ
Ͼ˭˵ʱ򣬶ңǿĹɵ˿ڣƾԼȫҲܻӰΪ
ڻشҽַȤǺܴû֮ġ
ѡпܾԺĳɾͣˣַ㲻òء
߼еĹǷǳߵȼĹҲҪȵȥ֮ʱ򣬲ҪǿĹߣַԣңԶڴ˵еǿڡ
ǿߣּøɽӴ
̫𣬻ʳǶ֮ϣǵԹ¼ŵӰһѾϡ
սƶ˿ûȣ֮ϵ¶Ҳûκεĵطܹայա
̫ԵȻ֮䣬ǿҲ޷ֹ
ʱַſһĨȵĹ⻪˸̧ͷĿֱϣȥȻܻյĶĿ
ˡַ³һĿ¡
շ쾭֮֮⣬ջԪء
ַ޴շ쾭Ȼշ쾭ֻͣƷؼշ쾭ȴΨһһԽĹĵȼȡջԪжǿ
ջԪԽǿԽԵＫ£̫֮ضɷ١
һԽԽǿĹ⹦Ҳ֮⣬̫棬˿ջԪҪ߲ܼ֡
Ѿַ㲻ԥֱϥ£ڶ֮ϣԺеļ䣬ʼת
Ԫ嵱зתţַϣһƳȵĹâַ帽ס漴ڣһƳȹâ̵
ûйãַϣޱȵҫۣƺһ澵ӣŲĹâ޾֮ⲻϵӿ嵱У嵱еԪںϣԪ֮ϴżֳȿ֮⡣
ͬʱַ㱾Ҳſµ֮յգںԪͬʱҲ
շ쾭̫֮⣬̫ԽңԽЧͬʱҲ֮ԼҹҲչ⣬Чܶ࣬ǵĴշ쾭һ֮󣬿̫֮⽵ٵϣԴԴϵṩ֮â
ʱ䣬ת˲ڶ֮ϣַѾ죬֮ĽգҲַԼս֮ա
̫ҫ۵ĶĿâŶޱ財
תԪ֮Ѿ˼̫֮ȣޱȡ
շ쾭˵㣡
ַ૵һշ쾭ܰԵЧҲǳǿַȴˣʵǻһˣô졣
ڶ̶ʱڣתԪѾ̫â
վַ㿴һ۸߿ҵ̫ĿһĿĹʣһգַ㣬Ҳ̫Ŀշ쾭֮ؽԾ塣
һַ㳯Ŷ֮˸ȥֻǶ̶̵˲䣬ʧ¶꣬һѧԺķ󲽿ȥ
ַ뿪֮󣬶֮ϣӰ˸ղַڵĵطַ֮أǶһ¶һĨȻɫ
ʲôһ˵һĿ𺳣ֻ֮ϣղַĵ棬һƬ棬յ룬ſݼŵϢʱн̴ð
ڵܹˣɼղĹȻΪˡ
ַ㲢֪뿪֮£ûעԼĵط֮׵Ϊ
һѧԺ䳡ϣΧѾ˴˵صȴ
Ⱥûǣ죬ַԼһսӡ
գսʤۣޱҫۣΪһѧԺһˡ
Ȼյĵһ˶ۣȴΪģĵʯȻвʣѯַַش֮ˣɼŭ˶ۣвַ㣬˽һս
һĻ͵ַħԼսƣһΣһѧԺ˵һʶַ㣬Ƿŵꡣ
ʱѾȥôãַø࣬Ķ֣ѾǵʮĩβĺħԭǰĶۣѾ侳ǿޡ
һսֵڴȻǳľʡ
ԣַ㵱һһܽڶܿ죬һжз
ͻأģռ䵱УһɿԵĵ֮⾳죬ޱȷ񣬽ΧضУɵ⣬з·ѹְ㡣
̧ȥȺ㿴̤õԪ֮ϣХޱȡ
ʱĶۣûհܸǷϣָֻ뽾Уȴ˼ֺ壬죬ַ㣬ϴˢܵ裬㲻һѧԺһӣҲϴˡ
Ƭ̣۱ǰȺϿա
ԵĮĿһɨȺЦһȻڣԭַ㣬ֻǸ˵˵ų֮ǰ߿һۣش
ȺΣ˽ַȷʵڣѵ˵ַ㣬ֻǸų
ϴսܶս˴սֳۣٳٲ
ΪҲ湻ģѹֱ׻ܡһĮӶ۵ĿһתȻ֣һӰվĶˣЦĿһֱ㾹Ȼֲˣ˵˿Դǿ֪һѧԺһ˵ͷһҲ֡


0332 ̫֮
ַվ۷壬ۣһ־Ӹµĸоſַ㣬·߸ϣѵۡ
ۺȺ΢΢һַ㣬ȻһֱĶˣ·һѧԺȺûзпԭۣȻҲûз֣侳ΪƺԵЩ䣬ַ侳ѡ
ɫѿ̧ͷַ㣬ĵǷҿ֪һսɡ
ߡַĮһЦտ粽գַĽ£һ֮ǣַ֧壬֮Ԫɣַ㣬ѾԽԪӵ˵ز
ĪַҲ侳磿
ȺͷһԪ壬Ϊ֮ȷʵһ侳ܹ֮ģַṳ֮̂ҲԲԶˣȻ侳۷Ϊֻһ䡣
ʱַۣӶ̤Ԫ֮ڰյУϵϢϵޱȵ
侳磬ҴԲѣ죬һԣףν֪
Į˵۾ԪХĳĻۣһޱȾ޴ĵΣԵ񣬷·Ҫնɱһ赲ǰˡ
ַվǣһûг
۵Ǵһ˿ŨŨĳգҪ֪۰ܸ䣬Ҳʲô˶ҷģûƲܹһΣҲֻôһΡ
ն
ƻն£ȵľ޵ѵĿռ䣬ռޱȵĿ꣬ԷɢˮеĲΰ㡣
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͡͡ѵĺХ̶֮ն£ȴûַ壬޷ֹס½䡣
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ϵȺǸܵͷϿѹȵĵ⣬ŵûϵܶ㿪
¡¡Ԫ֮ε֮˵֮ϣ澹õһնһĹ֣Ŀġ
ȻնһĶۣȴû˿ĵ֮ɫֻĮ
ַ㣬ûȥ͵һܶ㿪ˣһ֮¡
նַ㣬ȴַ˶ûкã
Ԫ֮ٶΣһޱȵĵ֮նÿռ죬ɨ硣
ַӰ΢նʱѾˣ˺һκη紵ݶ޷ĸоͬʱҲޱ񣬳ǶԷ쵽£ʱ䶼ûУ͸
ҪԪ󵶷Ϊ͵ĹƱӰ쵶֮ٶȣ˴ֺ
ʵΪĵս֮ʱΪ˻ȥÿһĵ޷ңôս
ַվգϴŨŨķ̣ö۵ɫӲѿ
ȺͷȷʵսʱóĲͬǵ꣬ǿ˲ȥӲĹʤܲΨһĵͣˣõĵϵȻҲǽַٶȹĻϣʵ۵ĵû˵ô޵á
ֻ𣿡۷˵
ֻ㣿ô˵Լĵжϣսʱ򲻶㣿ôҲҼԡ
ַĮ˵һ漴־𣬿ռԪӿɱ⡢ս⡢֮
һں˸⾳Ԫַ̣֮ɱֲϣɫ貵Ĺ⻪ת·⽣̫֮⻪Ϊã֮ϢӶ
ÿµĽ֮⾳
ȺĿ𣬿յַеĽ̫ҫۣǵ޷ֱӣս죬ȶĿ
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ۣһҽһԣ˵ַֻܽһҲף㵽кʸһ侳֮ˣһ侳˶޷˺ֺҲ¿ԣ֪޳ܡ
ַŲտĽֱԽԽʱĶֻоһɷޱȵϢѹȶ·Ҫ̴˺ѡ
üͷ΢΢𣬶ͻȻоַĽ˿ĵ
ûʵȴĿһУܹȡУɳܵǣѯңֻǽȴ޷ɣΪܵ裬ʵǲԼеĳΪܸ䣬ѾܲĴ̼ѾʧȥļͣŲ˵
ַĻڶ۵ĵУȷܸ䣬ĳַĻо̶ַܴɱ⣬вַ㡣
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ȺܵһĻĿһַŵ콣˲ֱӣԽԽǿۣȴַ㻰̼ս
ַۣ֤ԼңףνһѧԺһˣͽǸΪķѡ
۵𣬴޾ɱ⣬գĿ̫֮⣬ַĽŶն¡
̧ͷַĽͻȻоһַۣĽ·̫ӳͺһ̵̫޷ֱַ㡣
ȣŭһĵֱնգĿġ
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Ⱥǣдϸ΢죬նµĽ˺ѿռ䣬·𱻵ȼ̫˸
貵̫⽣գճһѷ죬Ŀġ
ͬʱ۵ĵţǶĿĽ֮£Ӱ٣


0333 ֮
ſ죬Ⱥ΢ЩϢֹֻǿǶĿһ
һǳ侳ǿַ֣֮һǾȻΪַ㲻Ƕ۵Ķ֡
ն£һҵĺĶǡ
ҵĽȻǶзģֻΪĶۣĴӿ½䣬ϣŻ棬ǱնµĶȼա
ۣûһֱۣĵ١
𣡡зһŭгԹ֮ɫĶַ㡣
˵ҽӲסĵ㱻ҵĽնֱۣǷǾȡַĮ˵һŶ۵Ҳɱ㣬֤ǿĽֱۣ㸶Ĵۡ
ۣܣַû뵽ȴΪַۣԼֱۡ
˶֪ۣһѧԺһˣڶ˶㲻ϣַ㣬Ҳ׻Ҫ
ַһˣҫ۵š
ֻǲַ֪㣬˭ǿˣ˭һѧԺһˣ
һѧԺȺѾ䶨ΪһѧԺǿӣûܺȣΪյĵһ˶۶֣һսڵ߸е뷨ǰ棬ҲΪߣǿ
յһѧԺһ˶ۣѾսܣǱַնΨһֱۣǸˣһַĽ
һѧԺһ֮ûн
ȻʱȺа̾һһţǵĹâˣַҲˡ
Щ֮ȴû̵ˣעҪȡͱۣԲ٣Ϊˡ
ŵ棬𣬾עҲ䣬ֻǲ֪ѩ¹İ˴ֻİˣ˭ܹΪеţˡ
ַŶ³һ֣öɫһǸֳԳ֮ɫ
ΪԼַϣַӸ£һ
ۣҲȻնֱۣ
ת̤ǺԪ֮ȥѪµ䣬Ӱǲ
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һս֮Ϣܿ촫һѧԺַնֱ֮ʱ˲
ѾһѧԺʮӣϿɵǣ䣬һѧԺһˡ
ַ㣬һλһѧԺڶ
ʰѩλûжҡڵλ
ַȺ𺳺ܴ󣬵ǣɸ䣬Ϊ侳ǿߣַ㾳Ҫߣң̫Ȫ˶޿ɶ㣬Ҫɱۣ̫ѣ˿ֲǿߣ侳ַԽսʤ
ҲձΪȻһѧԺһˣδ֪ϾַҪü꣬Ǳޣ䣬Բڵַ㡣
䣬ʵǿһѧԺһˡ
ַ㣬츳ߣһѧԺ츳õˡ
Ȼ츳ܾʵǰ͵侳û뵽ֱսۣսʤԷȡһѧԺһ֮ҫ䣬ͷ·ɱһַȻ츳ãܸܲ䣬δ֪
ַܺһսǾͺˡ
е뷨Ǿãߺַʹ̤ǳϧ˵ʱϣǲǻһĶǵĴս
Ⱥ۵һУ䱾֪ܶ۶ȡһѧԺһ˵ҫ֮󣬾ͱչһʱգ侳Ϊ׵Ḷֱ́죬һѧԺ䳡Ⱥɫ˽ַ֪֮㣬Ҳսʤ˶ۣն˶Ψһֱۣ۸ˡ
ڣ˶ַȡ
켣ȺУ佫ͷϴŵĶȡ£ǹһĨĻȡ
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ǹһĨ֮ɫЦۣ湻ϵģ侳˶磬֪վ͸÷ۡ
Χĵ֮תɵĿһ
䣬Ȼ䡣
˾ʱһĿ⳯ȺķΧĳˡ
ĿɨȺһۣϵĽ֮ɫԽԽŨֱĿĸоֻҪһ֣ǾԵĽ㣬Ŀݡ
ַ㣬ķ⣬䡣
һûַܺһսЩϧȻǶҺַȣһ֪Һַ㣬˭һѧԺΨһһףеţǰϣˣַҲˡ
ư˵漴һһţȺͷ΢΢һоâ˸˼ƺҪַһսҪַ̤㣬һѧԺ۷壬ΪԵǡ
ַ㣬Ҳ֪ͬһѧԺڷһС
յĻʳǣһΪ֮ʱʳǶ棬һ꣬棬ڶۣ֮ǳʺϿճ䣬¶ȣƽʱҲҪĵطҪһЩ
Ȼڴ˿̣꣬һƬ֣֮Ƭأȼɻ֮⣬ȡңżֱŰ֮⣬·̫档
ڶΧȺĿ¶֮ɫȻƬ궼ȼˣҲ֪λԵǿڴ˵ͷ˻棬ȼ꣬λǿޣڴ˵йһսԪȼ
ң޵ʵȻͬСɣĻȼƬء
Ȼûע⵽ڶ֮ʱһӰűˮ͸ƣ壬ųصĽŲŶ귽򣬻ԶȥûпǶһۡ


0334 ɱ
һѧԺϵ֮˾סĹűַӰ̤
ʱͷ΢ЩңżƽڣмƲŵĺζ˸оЩǱ
ַ˫ȴôĸɾ䣬żɲ֮⡣
ַ㡣ڴʱһ˷ַ̧ܵͷͿһӳϴһĨЦ⡣
𣿡ַ㿴ŶԷвûдˣȻʶԷ
ûʲôֻֽһ£ΪôģᣬΪȻôֲ
Ц˵ַüͷȴ΢΢𣬲漴Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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ţһַ⡣
ۣҸġַº͵Ц
Է˼漴Цŵ˵ͷá
˵գ㻺ıϡ
ϵ˲䣬һ̶ĺХ֮ͻأǱ۾ͻȻˣϾпֲԪתޱȵҫۡ
һĻΧ߿Ⱥͷһ侳ǿߣʱ侳ǿѾ˵ı鲼ˣ洦ɼ
ɱ
һͳĺɱޱѪذֱƿԪĵֵԷ࣬Էڸ顣
Ŀַ㣬¶һĨŵɫ
㡭֪ģ
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ȻԷĿ⣬ֻһ͵ЦٵЦ
ƾ㣬ɱңԷɲţַ㡣
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һԪĶ֮ǹ͵Ĵһ侳ǿߡ
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֣Էͻȶ֣ʱǰ侳ǿ߼лԹв
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޴ɱ֮ˣսҲͻһЩһУ룬Ǵ̿ͷɱַ㣬˵һѧԺǿߡ
ߣַĮһЦŲѸޱȣУԪ֮Σ졣
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תַ̧Ų̤ű֮УصԼס
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ЩƣϲϴζǹΪλģɽڻ
ߡַһߵֻʯ֮ϣ¶һ˿飬·ֻ
ַ㿴ĿҲرܣַ໥ţ˿á
漴ַҡҡͷһ仰Ҳû˵ֱӳõķȥ
һĻĿ⽩ҧݺݵĶ˶š
ǰǶôһˣԴӸַһ󣬾ʹɳܵĻ쵰


0335 Եַ
߽ԡãѩѾˮ׼ãַַүҪҰ𣿡
˵֮ʱѩԴ΢΢ţ¶ɬ顣
ַ£ԴŮԡûִܹأ
ַ㻹ҡҡͷˣѩȥԼ°ɡ
áѩ˵ͷͷ߳ԡңԡҵŹغ
ַЦ£漴޴ĳˮУ˲䣬һˬĸоϮȫַ̲סҪ
շ쾭̫֮â壬Ԫֳȵĸܣַоʹ಻ľ·Ҫٻ١
ڲǰȻƬȼˣɼǹ֮жôǿҡ
ˣַˮ֮ʱ͸оӵð㣬ë׶ſޱȵˬ
΢΢ϣַ·ĸоУ֪Уںδ˳˯֮״ЩַҲˣҪ׵ķɡ
ʱ䲻֪ȥ˶ãѩͥԺ֮⣬ͻȻܵһɵĿ΢һۣ漴ԡҵķȥ
ѩϴ𣿡
ѩһɻ
ţһˮѩ˵ͷҲô¡
ȥ˵ȴѩ΢죬ҡͷҪȥȥ
Ҳȥҡҡͷ漴ٿǱߣȻǹȻԽԽǿңжޱȡ
ַ㣬ڸʲô
ѩҪһȥֽ˵ѩȴҡͷȥ
㲻ȥȥ಻סҧҧ漴ԡҵķ󲽿ȥп֮š
ѩıӰĿ˸£Ҳܺ档
ƹԼ磬ԡ֮⣬ʱһŨ֮ʵ棬żֳȵϢһվԺиܵǿ̫ˣǷڵˮҲ˵Ұɡ
ʲô°ɣ
һֱŶ롣
̤ԡҵУĿ˲ǣַֻಲԡصУпԡصıԵ
𾪵ǣַϣȻһͼ̫ͼ̫ͼ·ΧԪ
һʲô
ų˯еַ㣬Ȼ˯ϲϵðңԡеˮѾڣϵ
˳ַ¿ȥ˲ͨޱȣɵԡ֮ˮһ˿ҵַȫĳǰղű̫ͼȻûзֱ֣ʱ˵һĻֻ޵ݡ
Ҳʱַ۾ͻȻˣ
ڸʲôַ³һȻһ̧ͷͿַ۾һգգĶ
зһĺת˳ȥֻо̣޲Ҹطȥ
ڸʲôȻڶַڿɶǣַ㾹ͻȻˣ͸оԼץһ
ַĺҲ㶣漴ͷ㿴Ѿɵĳˮ˲䣬ַɫҲͨһ
ɶǣȻеô죬ַʲôһ
ôˣԡҵ洫һѩĺ˹
ȥ֪ˡַһ漴ͿѩҲ˽֮󡭡һĺѩͨ˳ȥԵַ㡣
Ǻʲô˭۸˭ˣ
ɶŮˡַҧгݣŮˣԼȻӲѩҲƭ˽һҪ
漴ַ侲ԡеԼǳǳķ֮ˮĿ˸
շ쾭Ҳ̫Ե˵ɣϴ趼ܽˮɡ
ڸղ˯֮ʱϳ̫ͼ֮£ַԼһ֪Ϊ˴շ쾭ʱˣܹ
Ȼϴַо࣬ûм뿪ԼһЩˮˮֽһΣĻ漴ŲԡȥԺ䵱С
ʱѩͥԺڡ
ѩԴţԼָ̧ͷַ㣬ͷҲͨޱȡ
Ƿǳʯ֮ϣĿֱӽַӵˣַ޵ҧ
ȻŮ˿˸飬һƭѩȥ̫ɶˣ̫޳ˡ
ûʲô˵𣡡ַ˵
۾ַ㣬Ҫ˵ʲô
ҵǸɡַ㿴ֺɫĺѹ
ΪʲôҪǸм˵ǿ˼۶ѣʧʲô𣿡
У㲻Ҳ𣿡
ַһĮʲôʱ򿴹㣿
ϣϣ˵ûлûȥĳηĶַ㣬ʮ㣬˵˵ûпʵҪۿ⳥㣿ĻԸңҲ⡣
дżȻ֮⣬岻Ͽַ㣬ַ㶼оǷĲλѾˣɵûһȡ
˵뿴Ҿ͸㿴ҪĿԽԽᣬȻ֮ԽǿңַڸȻ󷨡
ַҧҧķ俴һۣ漴ݺݵĵһۣת鷿ȥ
ݣַӳһ仰Ůˣûκεİ취ѵȥȥ
֪ͺáַķ䣬Ե⣬ַ߽Ǽ䷿ȴѾû˰ֵ֮״ǴżįԳĿЦ
ҲֻǷŮ˰ɣ
ѩ̧ͷɫͷ΢漴ֵͷΪŮˣܶûе⣬Ψ˸У


0336 ̫
ַ㾶ֱ߽ķ䵱У⣬ͷ·߽Լһ
ȥѯ˵ֻ˵˯ˣַҲó˽ѵȥˡ
ǣŽַ㣬µһ˿ʣַˣ
šַЦŵ˵ͷ侳ˣҪãұ㲻Ҫһֱػˡ
ַĻ£оһ˿ʧ֮ɫַ㡭Ҫ𣡡
ôأַ㿴еʧ֮ɫϷһĨϲ⣬ŮˣԽԽԼĸˡ
ߵߣַڣһֻƹ鱳§ϸ֫΢Ҫ㿪ַҲ΢΢ǿԼС
ַҲףָܣΨԼǿӲ㣬Ҳô
ңҲò˶ΪܳԽ飬ʱôû취ˣɵ뵽ַомֵ⡣
飬ҲҪػңһһֱػ㡣
ַĻͷ΢оһ˿Цݸ֣Ҳֻһš
ӵԣڲС
ãֿ˵ַ㣬ϵʺˣǻԹ𣿡
ǰɣĹǴշ쾭ԪȻƫ𡣡ַҲûʲôڵ
շ쾭Ŀ΢ַ㣬շ쾭տʼƷؼԪǿ󣬹ȼҲ˵̫ôõģ
ַ΢飬ʵ飬ô֪ģ
Ϊģ鿪ڵĴշ쾭ƷؼҲԺ󹦷Ϊ̫̫ԣܹ󺣵ǿ󹦷
ַ̫̫˸ָ̫յ̫һּ֮
飬Ž⾹Ȼ˵ǿշ쾭̫ѹʻǰȣϴ趼ܽԡеˮ
飬ڵĴշ쾭ôַĿ˸ԴЦ飬Ҫ˫ޣ
ַ¶ɫ·Ǹк㣬ʵѵ侳ɱϣᵽ˫֣Ķ˵ţ仹ǶеŮַǹ
˫޶֣ɫһҲ˵ţܽš
飬ᣬҾ뽫ϵǹɺҵ̫Ӧѹɡַ㿴һֱое㲻ڣЦ
ַӣϵı˪ڻһЦŵıɽѩַĿѣ
һЦǣΪĴɣɽŮϵĺⱻڻ¶ǲõЦݣԽıѩڻ˵顣
ַҲЦˣȻЦˣ֮ЦЦ
ַ㣬ٸһЩʱ𣿡˵ַϵЦݽӲ˵ţ顭㣬ͬˣ
˵ٸһʱ䣬һĬϡ
ַȵһ˿Σ˸ȻҺַӡ
黹΢ĵ˵ͷͬˣˣʲôܸأֻǡЩ¡
ɬĵͷַֻĶҪˣ˫ޣǰӲ룬ȥѩŮ
գչֳ侳ʵټգַֻżһ˼ҲֻǷŸĽԼΪĲϱǿַ뷨ҲˣҪӵ飬ȫȫӵС
ѩŮΣĽڻԸһֱػ
飬һŮˡ
ͻƵ侳ַ֮ҲԼ֪ʶԽԽǿңŻҶ鿪˵˫޶֡
Ҳһ˴ľϲȻûоܾȻַҲ֪ϲɽˣȴʼ޷飬ַо˼һĤεĽ˿̣ǲĤڲ٣ҲûԼеУ׵ͷţȻͷͬ˫ޡ
򵥵ĵͷǰԡ
ַЦˣЦøĲãӵסǽߵգַ˵Ȼԣһǡ
ַ˵ţܰԵĽԴ£סǴһ˿֮ĺ촽֮ů֮ڻ
飬ַŮˣ
ҲûԼĵУ˫ֽıסַ㣬ַ

ү
ʱһַϣ֣Ľմ֮ͨɫԵöǡ
ַЦ飬ĸգȴЩơ
ѩĿ治ʱ򰡡
ȥַ˵
šɵĵ˵ͷһŮ㡣
ַ߳䣬ֻѩվǣַүһԳɽ㡣
ɽַüͷ΢΢ţʲô
ɽǶӵˣʹǶӶҪ


0337 ټ
ַ߳ʯţȻɽվʯ֮⣬ַɽһ˿΢Цַүһۡ
ӵַ㣬ʲô𣿡
ַɻһǵϴμģųǵʱһգۣŰ侳ǿߣԵ٣չɷѾֵľ
ǾȻĪĳ⣬ƺһǿĽޣ⽫͸
ȻȥȻԸģôܿǶβŽ
ַһֱǣ˭ôͣҴӶжҽַ㡣
ңնǷΪ˾ģǷַ֪ϣ
ַү֮£ɽǺɽ΢Цҡͷ
ַ£漴ص㣿
˼֡ɽӦ
ã߰ɡַ㵭ĵ˵ͷѩ¹ʳǵУǶӶҪΪַ㻹ûʲô취ģȻԷһ˱ǡ
лַүɽЦ£漴ת·
Ҳȥʱһ𣬾ǰ
ȥʲôַüʵ
ҡַַŲʯţҲ
˼֣ǰģ˾ڿУ˲ı۾Ҫ
̵ڷҡҷƺʿס֮أŶѣĶ
ƯַԣΧɵõһ
ַ㣬ʲôط㣬ر𡣡һֵطټ
˼֣㣬˼ƣ˼ˡַ˵һĿһ
ƣ˲˼֮⣿дżֻɡ
¿ԡַӦ˼ڴ֮⡣
Ƭ֮ɽַһּʱ壬һˣǶӶġ
һˣȻǹҶ
˿ַͣĿַ⳯㿴ȥ
ַ㣬ˡЦ£ַ΢΢ͷҶ˫Ҳַϣһ
ַ㡣
˶Ҷֿ˿ɫַ㣬Ŀвɵ¶˼ֲһɫҶַ񣬴żˮ飬ΪŮ˵ĸоˡ
ңŮӣƯš߹Ҳ޿ޣȣҶй֮޲
ЩˬѹԼʹǧӰ֮ûãַߣʥŮӣʸ߹ĶҶϲѹˡ
һǺˣ鲻˵Ҷָ߹ݾԷǷҲַ㡣
ӡַ㺰һŮӵݣȻѩ¹Ĺѹӵˡ
ַ㣬ҪҹҶ𣿡Ҷżֳ֮ɫƺЩίַ㡣
ģѾȫַϣ֣о˼Ÿң̫Զϲַһôƺ
ַĬ£漴΢΢˵ͷ
Ҷַ㺰һҶ¶һ˿Цݡ
ǰҶֱֱַַۣ㣬壬𣿡
ЦЦĿˣҡͷЦŮãûˡ
ĵЦҶɫ΢Щ죬ֱַ۵΢ЩΣȴûз¡
嶼ַ㿴ˣʲôԵأַ뿪ʱ䣬ԺжַӰ֮ȥӴ֮󣬶Ҷ¶ģ¹ϣַһҪץס
ַ¶ЦҶ˼λ᲻ס
ַ㣬ɡЦ£漴ɽȥߡ
˵ţֿһۣ΢΢һЦȴĿĮϤԼǳƺ֪꣬յĺˣɱθĺˡ
еĺ⣬ɺЦȥߣ
áҲûоܾĮ˵һ漴ͶԼɽһ뿪
ֵʯԣֻʣַͶҶˡ
ʯԵʯ֮ϣҶַ㣬ʵ㻹𣿡
šַ˵ͷһʱ֪˵ʲôźá
ôãôʳǿңҶһַĿһͣЦפݳǺݳǵȽ϶ࡣ
ôһʱղֶһλòŮӡҶдż⣬飬ѾţŮӣ̫ʥ࣬ǳĹӰ㡣
ֶַһλŮ䲻ǰǣҲޱȣջԼ͸ŵȻ֮⣬˿϶кǿ
żȻʶַЦĻӦһ
ŶҶͷӦһ漴ĬĬİڷʯϵӣַ㣬塣
ҶղͨҶҪ顣ַ΢Ц˵½ǰַ֪ͬһͨ
ģҿ϶ġҶЦ˵¶һ˿ɫ
˿ʼ壬Ҷȴһ黭һңַνĲͨÿһ£޷졣
ַ㣬ȻաͨҶҧҧָӣȴ֪֡
ַҶķЦ£ΪԼ壬Ժ߼ȴƺ֮У壬·ȫԼƿأ壬
ߣܲ壬Զиˡ
Ҳ֪ô¡ַ̯̯֣εĵöҶһۣ漴˫һĨĨңˣ㡣
ǰ˵ĸ߹¶Ůַ̬֮һĨĲʱĶҶκ˶޷ֹסͷĲ


0338 ʮǰ
Ҷȥ߰ɡַŪҵ֣˵
ԼǰƺΪҶΪ˾Ͷһַ㵣嶯
Ͼųǣڶ֣֮Ĺϵƺ
áҶ˵ͷ漴վַһ鳯ȥ
֮Ϫϸ΢죬ּ̤С֮ϣ⾳Ķ
Ҷ̧ͷڴСķ¶֮ɫ˵Ҫܺİ֮иҸöá
ַ΢΢һ㶣漴Ц£εĵ˼ֵˣҲһ뷨ܽﲼõ
ţ˼ֵˣλŮӣ˵ΪԼİˣϧѡҶͷ˵
ַҶĻһ˿棬ɵʵ˼ֵˣ˭
Ҷַ㣬Цŵѩ¹һŮκɡ
ѩµһŮַĿһͣҶգǻҹλ߹󣬵ûܲѩµһŮ֮κɣȴΪѩµһŮַһˡ
κɣΣַһ漴ŶҶ£
Ҷ˵ͷҲ뵽ˣûκɣ¼֮ˣң꣬¼츳ĺ󱲣ѩ¹츳ǿŮӣжҲᲢۡ
ַԽԽѩ¹һŮѩ¹츳ǿŮӣ˶ûжܺȣκɣŮӡ
ôЩ֣Ȼ츳֮ǿ¼ңӦýĲŶԣ˳еҪΪҪѣַмֲ⣬¼ҺͻҲУʵ֮ǿӹɣһ츳ĺŮӣôѣ
˵ʮǰ֮ˣʱһҡ¼ԼңǿһҶμҺ¼ΪԵʣҪҸǿһЩʵǰڣҶ޷ΡᲢۣ۲Ƹ¼ҾͲμҺңУμʵͲۺԵλ޿ɶҡ¼ңʵǿˣ¼Ϊڶ塣
Ҷ˵һ꣬ѩ¹ž֮ˣֱԶμҺ¼ңӵǿѪ꣬ˣһǽ޼Ĵˣ壬ֻһ˿Уǵˣ飬ڵˣһҵˣǰһֱĬĬˣûֻ֪֪ƺһ֣ͻȻڻʳǣӵ˫ꡣ
ʮǰĴţյѩ°˴ӣѩ£츳ףȽյİ˴츳ֲУ꣬һŮŮӵѩµһŮ֮κɣַ㣬һ£ӵѩ¹һŮ֮츳ף¼ҵһţŮˣǷĶ
ҶĿͶַ㣬ʵ
ַ΢΢ͷѩµһŮˣ츳ףŮӣܺеһ˽ϣһμѻӢˣЯģǣ츳꣬ȴֻһλŮӡ
ַ㣬ƺµ˺漴ʲô
츳׵꣬ͬʱһŮӡҶ૵ƺǶζǵĹ£ÿι£̲סп̾ϢӢۡˣȴɢ
κɣûѡ츳ǿĻҶμţҲûѡ齣飬ϲĬĬ꣬Ӧõκɺţѹ
ַĵ˵ͷûѡӵѩµĻţҲûѡֲӵ飬ѡһûб꣬κŽٵѣ֪
һˣ¼ұԼǻҵϵΪж¼ҵϵΪŮˣ໥֮ȻҲ˵ֻҪĵϵŮΪԣǶμҵţκ֮䣬лԼңҶμҵǰҲǸ佾ԸҰԵˡ
Ҷҡͷ˵ַ΢΢ݣκɺ¼ΪλѣѾܹõˡ
ѹκɺ˽׼˼ģңӴ˷⽣ңҲûȥΪκˣ֮ˣȴΪ顣
κɺŻûѣԼ¼ҵҵˣʱκƺҲ֪ǺԵʣʣţ֪޷ѣκɴ뿪㽫κͻ¼ңԼҶμҵλǰսڻʳۣ֮գһλǰʤˣƾ죬ŵΪӡʳǡ
ȻЩҶ˵ģĸ˵Ҿһս֮󲻾óģңĸ׻ҲҪ⴫ַ㣬ҪұܡҶַ
ʱַȻоƲ֮УҶûоʮǰĳҲûпһĶǵĴսƺһжֻƾȥ뵱ʱĳ
Ϊգսʳۣ֮ȥҲŵУ˲İɡ
ΣܽһѾǴҡ


0339 ɱɱ
ַջȻĿ⣬Ҷܣ
ʮǰ֮£Īǻʲôزɣܴ
ַ㻹ǵ˵ͷҶݸһЦ
ϧһԶ֮ˣ뿪ʳ֮κѣĹ˼֣˼֮ƣþУ˼֮⡣ʱҶַѾ֣߳ҶֵλҵǰҲټ֣һĿޣ֮λ˵Ϊѵ֪ľΪжˡ
˵Ҷͣ£˸漴ֵҲκɻ֪ԴʮǰºκɣҲˣԼҲˣ伣
ַ㵭ĵ˵ͷʮ̫꣬ԶˣҲЩѾ뿪ѩ£ҲҲ˵
֪У̨֮ͤ˹΢ЦҶַ㣬ôһ
Ҷɫ΢죬΢΢ͷʱҲַʲôʱȥ
Һַòۣȥαżַ㣬ߣȥЦ˵ȴʱַĿֱԾ󣬿һĻ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬漴建ÿⲻȥ谭ַߡ
ʱں̨ͤвǱߣһЩӵܣһʲЩˣǺŹ֮ˣλͬѰ
ַĿ⣬һϣͬʱҲַ㡣
˵Ŀ໥ӶԷֻżƿ־֮ɫĶַ㡣
꣬С
еԣȻ쳽ˣƺһƬ
̵ܷǣһ»ַĹ͡
Щ̸ͻȻҲ·ǲߵַϣһɱ⽥ͷţſռ䣬Уɱ˸
еĿ⣬ַ̾ȷЩɱԼˣȻѲ˸ϵˣĻһԼ¶־֮ɫȻԼ
ռ䵱УѹֵĺɱԽԽŨ
ַ㣬ʲôĮĿڣ䣬ȴҲ޷ڸס̺һƺ¡
ʲô
ַû˵Ų̧𣬳źе̨֮ͤ£˳֮ϣɱַϲ˳ԽԽǿҡ
ݽҧĿĶַ㣬ɱ⡢ǿɱ⡣
ַɱ֮£о˿̵ַ㣬Σգ·ʱܶɱ
ַ㣬ҵϵѪмַĬһο˵
ȺеĻĿⶼһͣУηַ㣬򣬲ܻд˿̵ıˡ
ַ֪ڿڣеɱ⣬ȴ˿
Ŀⶢַ㣬˵㾹Ȼ֪ӦúκεʧͻᾪңǺεȼ壬ַ
һַ㣬ƺַ㲻֪˭֪жǿ
ַ㣬£ӵһαַ㱩һٿʼַʹη⡣
ޣȥɱַ㣬Ҫַء
£ΪַԸַ̫񣬸˺κɱҴĻ񣬻ӽնˣַ㣬ַһŭ֮£νɱ
ַ֪ô䣬ްĸ顣
Ȼ֪ͽ·ÿ˵һ뿪ַڳȵľͷҿ粽ַȥ
ַҪɱ߹ȥ뻢ڡ
ÿַǸһ˿Ц⣬ϵɱⲻûмӵǿҡ
ԽԽǿɱ⣬еһϮȫ
Ȼ֪֮ˣҵҲ׶һҵĺô㻹ÿ
дǿҵв֮⣬ʱܲǳĲΪɲвַ㣬ϣַܽ·ÿ
ַȴʯ㣬Ȼ·ûκε飬Ųƶֺ
ɱ⣬Ȼ
ʱеȺַ㣬Ȼʹеĺܡ
쳽Ҳַ㣬üͷ壬ǿַͶҶһкܲˬΪμҺ¼ճŵˣһֱҶŮˣǣҶûа˼ַ㣬ǳܡ
ö쳽ܲˬҲַַ㣬ʵȴϱǿ侳ɱ
δ֪־壬Ϊַ֪뷨Կ־壬ʲôʱַ֡
ַ㣬ûлشеĻԲֻվǣһΨɱ⣬ڿռŰû֪ʲô
еҲĬˣټĿռ䣬žЩ¡
Ӷģޱ飬վһԣƽĿ̬ķչһУ·ûйϵ
ǿ˶һۣƽϣƺ˶Ļ
ʱѾַ㣬г
ǰģе˽ӴϿϵ
ǣַ㣬Ƕģʱ̬ȣַ֪г𣬵ȴַ棬е⣬Զ
ȻַҲ֪㣬ȥַʲôҲ治ˡ
žѹֵĿռãַ촽ڶ˶˵ҵˣ
һ㶣û뵽ַôһϻǵͷûˣϵѪ
ңǿ󣿡ַʡ
ǡɵͷ
ַһ˿ŨŨɱ⣬ҵϵǿУҪɱң˵ǲӦɱ㣿
ɱңҲŹ㡣ַҪɱ΢
ûдɱ֮ʱŹңַĮʵȻ㱾ҪɱңûзŹҵ˼ôлᣬΪʲôɱ㣿ѵΪֻܵɱңֱַΪֹ
ȺĿһûַɱɱУкңŹַ㣬ôַ㣬ΪʲôҪŹУ
˭£֪ѡ
ɱ


0340 
е۾¶񶾵ĺâô˵Ҫɱң
˶ǽַųҲ󶼲磬գұҪַĮ˵
Ϊһֱ֣ʵַվǣѾһʱ䣬ȴֻͷɱ⣬ڳȵľͷûж֡
ΪҸᡣַĮĵһֱڸᣬ㿪ڣϧȴһֱвңǿҵǿ󣬼Ȼˣһ˵ʲô
˵գַĽŲ̧˳ǳȣ˹ȥ
ַ㣬ǲлᣬˣղǶʱ䣬ڵУеĵǸŵ
ңǿڵַ㻹޷⣬ˣҪһλʱ䣬ô糹׷ûкô
ϧУȴû־ֻһζǿˣ˵жôǿЩַֻеɱѣôǿҪɱңһ
ѵַ㣬ɱ
ַĻеͷ΢ַ㣬ȻѾᡣ
в֮ˣô᲻ַĻ
ղַ˵ɱɱУҶŹַ㣬ַҪôֻҪгŵַ㲻ٺΪУΪǰԸַǸͲַνìܡ
㣬ղžѾ뵽ˣ뷨ֻһţַǸͣѿڣԣвַ㣬˵жôǿȻ£ҲǱʶɻôţҵĽַһҶΪҵˡ
ʱַղһϯַܵԽԽŨɱ⣬ģʼַ㣬ĸɱ
Ŀ⿴ַ㻺̤ÿһ·̤еǱʶŶ
ַ㡣ڿڣַ̤㣬˵ַ㣬ֻҪ㲻ɱңұ֤оΪ㡣
ַĽŲͣ£һۣ۽ǸһĨЦ
̫ˣ죬ҸᣬһᣬҸᣬûϧԣѾˡ
ַ㿪ڣŲеĺݺݵĳ鴤£ַ㣬лᣬˣԣ˿Эûˡ
ַ㣬ҵŭ𣬲ܳܵġɫӲҧҧ
һΣַûΪַΪѾûбҪٺϻˣУַж̡
ԽԽӰе˵һ⣬ʼͷŵӡ
ַ㣬ҪɱɱС
Ҳͬ۽ǳ鴤ַ㣬ѵҪҼŭ֮ˣɱУ
쳽ĽŲ΢΢ˣһΣûкվһ𣬶жһ˱¶ַǰУһ˿Ц⡣
쳽бûκε֮ԣߵһΪйͬĳˣַ㡣
Ƕַ㣬ϣַ
ַҪɱУ쳽ûֹ͵ЦֻҪַɱУңƱĶŭ
ַ㣬ܳܵҵŭֻҪ˭Ȳַ㣬ӶС
ҲܿŵϵﱻɱûκεΪԣַԣǸ֡
쳽Ȼ⿴һз
з쳽ԶԼĸӵı쵰ͲԼַɱ
ʱзԼЩַҪɱû˰˭ַֹ㣿
Уֽ֪ܻȻ翵ܹסַ㡣
ַ㣬ǲңпԷģֻҪŹңоԲΪ㡣нӲҲ˲ô࣬ǾԼֻҪʮ֮ңַ
ڸоϢԭɱ⣬˵Ľɱһ
ַ㣬ûΨнŲе졣
ڱ֮ʱ뵽Эַ㣬
ܶ£ˣͲлᡣ
ַĽŲ£˿̵Уֻ߲תۼɵ
ͬʱַϣհҫ۵ĹâţЯſֲɱ⣬١
ššеĽŲˣַܵŵϢģޱȵı
䡢ַϢѾͻļޣ侳˿̵ַ㣬̫ˡ
ѹ֡ѹЩ˶ȥ޻ءĿɺޣܹģǿҲֻ侳һأٸ߾ǿߣүҲûȨָӣԣעɱַ㣬Ҳע˽յһĻ
ַһԪ֣֮лæ㲻ɱңҲŹ㡣
ڤ粻顣ַ㰵ҡͷԪ֮߾٣Ҳɱ㣬ҲŹңȻˣյı֣ܲɱ㡣
ʱ˶ǱַеԪֻ֮Ҫ£Уͻ
ռϢϢȺֻʣַеĽ
΢΢£ַĽˡ
ס֡
һޱǿҵŭ֮ɱ졣
ҵУż֮⣬ֱӲַĶĤУַ΢΢¡
ֹڰյУеͷϣûն¡
𣡡
ַûлͷĮ
ŭ֮һһѧԺƣү
ַħս֮ʱҲ
Ȼֻпַһϲ֮ɫ壬ҡ
ŭ֮ˣү
ֻ̤ųǰĿңֱһˣ£͸ǿ֮⡣
⵽ˣҵ侳ǿߡ
Σַˡ
˵ַĩգ
в²⣬ַ㣬津ŭˡ
վסȺԲ²ʱַдһĮܺ䡣
⻰µͬʱַеԪ֮½зһ־˻
ɫһŲҲͣԭء


0341 ɱ
һȺַǾнߵԪ֮ͷ𺳣񡢷ŵЯλ侳ǿ߶ȻûвֺȥͬʱĽѹ̫ˡ
𣬺þûм˸ɱˣңǵҵ档䣬ַıһߡ
ַ㣬ɲ嶼ûת
ڣ㿴ˡַĮ˵
ԣҿˣ츳͵Ҿȣ죬ȴҪˡ
䣬һɱͷţַ㡣
еϣ͸˵ҪҵͲɱ
ַӦһֻҪԪ֮£ба֮ǰ˲նɱУ־£𾹸в
£ǸҶ֣ˡѣȫҪһ
в˵ַĿһ
ɱУ𣬾Ҫɱѣһ
˵ҲɱУһɱУҵѣȫҪɱַͷӿ޾ĺ⣬ôƽΨַУַпǹɳȻƽ̺Į
Уڲʱַ㣬̫Σˣʱܱɱ
ǡͷӦ
ԣΣҶҪֵַ
㲢һΣַ㣬ˣǸ
仰˵죬ɱɱУַ㶼ַٶȿڣеĳЦ΢΢һ仰˵ȷʵ˼
УеĿ־
Īôһв
ˣַЦˣ壬Ѿ룬ûκεУֺ֪٣ΨһܳƵ˵ģΨ顣
ѣַͻȻڣŶĵӣҵļλѣһѧԺ
˭һѧԺѣҶģɱ֮Ӧַ㣬·ַ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ĵĻ˵ɫһģȻַ㣬Ҫվڶ档
лˡַЦŵ²ַȻҲ׶ĿⰲԼл棬ģҪɱУȻַ㲻֪󵽵ʲôԭöôԶĵĻͼı
ȻһжǶĿⰲŵģôַҿ϶һԼղŵĻҪԼɱУַ㣬ûô
ҶˣɱУҪɱУһҪȻˣַ㵱ȻҪɱֿɲַֻһˣҲǰס
ַ³һɭĻȺͷһַ㣬ҪɱС
塣ŭһǽأַںв
ңϵɱ죬籼ףַĶĤȥ
ңַЦˣЦúа
Уɱ߷Ź㣬嶼Ҫ˵ںַ㣬ں
ַ˵գԪ֮ɱ˵ĺâնȥ

նµĹ⻪зһҵ˻ڿռлصȻҵĺŸĽâһɢͬʱŵģе
ɱˡ
ַ㣬վɱУûκε顣
ȺĿⶼǣĿǻµ壬ˡ
үַ㵱˵棬նɱˡ
Удǰ;ޣȴڷ绪ï֮ʱַ㣬Ĳҡ
ҵǣҪɱַ㣬ζûܳɹգԼɥ
Ŀ⣬ͬӲģݺݵĳ鴤£ɱˡ
Ϊַ㲻ɱʵַ֤еҪ󵨣˵Լûеôϣϣô޴Ȼ˵ַ㶼ҪĿ
ζҪɱеַ㣬ܲɱ
һֽ˾·ͱϵȥ
ĺݺݵĳ鴤ţʣ֮±Ȼᴫȥей˵Ŀֱ֪ӵе
УҼĶӣĶӡ
ȵɱϯַ˹ȥҪַʬΣַ㲻罻
Ҳʱַ建ת˹濴ַ㡣
ʱַУΨб䣬вҪɱȫңɱˡɱѡ
˵ĿڿײΨɱ⡣
ǣ޲ԷĨɱ
ˣ
ޱȱ˵һûаĿǶЩŹӵܣ˿̵ֻŰɱַ㡣
ЩҲûн⣬˸뿪Ǻе̨ͤǿɲ뱻꼰㡣
쳽΢Ц̤УƬ̱㽵ԶĲݵ֮ϣɱĺá
һ˿ַ㣬Ҳˡ
̶̵˲䣬ֻ̨ͤʣַһˡ
˫˫ţҪɱַ㣬³һĻ£Ե侳ǿͬʱ粽˳ųȣźе̨ͤȥ
ַ㿴ԼˣһɳޱȵԪ˸ͣԪƹâƻ棬財Ű
շ쾭Ԫ侳ַԪ֮ΪԪ֮
̫֮𣬺ֲַԪֲҿ׽˷ն
ַܵԪ֮ĿֲϢ侳ǿ˸£ַĹͬѰ侳һؾ磬Ԫ֮ȴԿֲĸо
ɱ˵ĽŲһ̤ʱȷ죬ϵѣַڵ̨ͤҲҡ·ʱп̮
ͬʱ侳ǿߣͬʱַ㡣
ַЦ㲻ȣ
Ų̧漴Ȼһ壬˲䣬ȱѣöԷ³˶ݵʧ⣬漴㳯ԾַǽǷ֮𣬰ź¡촫̨ͤѣӡַϣһհҫ۵Ľڿɺâ


0342 ֮
Ⱥͷеַ㣬̫ҫۣʹǵ޷ֱӡ
ÿ¡ͷ΢΢һеַ㣬һ̫֮ҫһУҪɱˡ
ǳϿڶ侳ǿҲ̧ͷбǸߵַ㣬ͷһǹâǵ۾̫財
֮
ַ³һ漴̫ӳĲ̫֮⡣
ȡ財ĿŰûˣֱܹһ̫֮
գַ̫䣬̫֮֮Ϧ֮Ļ
ַ̫շ쾭̫˿һǽշ쾭ںڹ֮Уټ˽һ֮Ľ֮⾳ɾʹ֮
֮Ⱥͷһ漴ǵ۾ˣһҫ۵ǶۣΨбϣԺУصַµĻ
ַ㣬ֲ˹һǿҿ
ڿճַȥ侳ǿߣͬͷҵһǵ۾΢΢£޷ֱַĽ
ܹоõַĴ֮Ͻٶ¡
һǿΣͷӣǵҲֹͣ񱩵Ԫ֮ţ
ȻԪֱ貵Ľ͵죬ӰΡ
Уҫ۵Ľɫâַ侳ǿζУȺѾӰΨ̫֮˵ġ
ʱĿռһƬţƬ̺󣬵ںڽе̫֮ʧʧӰٴγȺһΣӰȴֻʣַһˡ
侳ǿߣˣַ֮⣬֮ϣмŻڻȼţӳͨ졣
ˣ
Ⱥͷ£֮֮侳ǿʧˣ⳹׵ûᣬʧ˵ĸɴࡣ
Ȼ侳ǿڣַնɱ
ַ㣬ÿֲʵ
Ⱥͷ̫ˣղˣ֮ˣ侳ǿߣȻеԵʣϾһûнס
ңղ貵Ĵ֮ǣҲȻ޷סȥַ㣬ͬɡ
Щſʶ̤ʳǵ꣬ѾɳˣΪµĴڣκˣɱ
Уҵϵɱ
侳ǿߣһնɱûκ顣
ˣҲǣѿޱȣĶַ㡣
ղˣ侳صǿߣһֱңУ޷ָӵˣΪƾǶˣĨɱַ㣬ҪŰַ㣬Բڻ£ʵȴ˵ģշӦ侳ǿߣѾûԮȵĻᶼûˡ
ӣһ
۾ɱⲻδԽԽǿַ㣬Ѿвˡ
ַ츳̫һѧԺַͺħԽս֮ʱҲڣʱַ㣬ոʤħѣ侳صսǰֵһᣬϰĴڣŶãַ㣬Ѿǿɱңֻһ
ַ㲻ɱٹֲ꣬
ַ㣬̤Ԫ֮֮֮ϣ·ĮĵҪ˫˫ô
ַ㵭ĮĻ£ȴȺĺݺݵĳ鴤£ַ㣬Ȼվյ˿սȼգһս
Ⱥʶַʼգûηֻ֮һԸΪַǣΥǵĻвַ㣬֪еַУ𣬻ҴԲѵвս·
ɫһ£û뵽ַ㣬Ȼս
ȻҵļλֵУʵģ侳صΪ˵ڻʳǶԺߣսʤˣ࣬Щˡ
˿ַ̣㣬һ֮ȻӸ߿ոҪһս
ԣһ裬ǿҵ衣
֪³һ̧ͷַգɱӵܣ˵㡢ˡѣҪöӱһʱҲһֻҪڣַ֮ˣֹĿ־嵱С
ַĿ䣬·𣬱ĻӦƾ仰ַ㲻ңգֱҲڡ
ã㻹лŵĻ𣡡
ϣһɱ֮ȵԪʵʵİ׹⣬ҡҷţʱվǣһɽ
ܵɱַϣͬһеɱԼսȼա
սʱΨսѡ㺦ҲաηҲãս޷⣬Ȼˣηкãַ㣬С
ַ㣬ҲὫϣϣģĮ磬ΨԼԿסߣԾȡ
ȺƺҲַϵĲսȾ¶֮ɫж͵أһǣʵΣ
УİǱϵģַİַǹġ
ô
¶һ˿ЦݣŲһ棬ʱ𣬳磬ɫԪһȵѤ
ն
ַŭһĽն£죬ٶȣ̫ˣ޷ֱӻ
¡
ռһһޱȵַϣ޾Ľ·𶼱ѹס
ַһʸ㳯侳أٶȺܱȵģ磬̫ˡ
ռХɫյУַ嶼סһߴһ̵ַ㣬·֣֮ҡҷ


0343 
ַ꣬꣬򵥡
ȺյǧɫߣͷȻͬǿߣǱַס±ɡ
Ҳ£ֻ˲䣬漴Ŀָֻ˱䣬ꣿھԵǰǿҲûá
˵գһһַ㡣
𣡡
һ޾飬ȥδַߣ޾Ϲ⵱Уɫס
ѣ
ŭһϵԪĿ̵ɫѣͬʱ˫һϣֲԪӺʮƵ˳һʵʵķǰ겻ϱնϡ
壬ô˳߼ǰ壬֮һƬǽ壬նɫ֮⡣
ԵǰǿҲԵûôȺа긨սǿ̶ܹȵ޵ս˫ھϵĲ̫ܹ𵽵ãҲ᲻ϵıСս˫ľȫɱʱûκôˡ
ʱַĲ̫࣬˵㣬侳ÿһףʵĲҲַܴܹɱ侳صǿߣѾ˲ˣ侳أ侳ǿ̫࣬侳أѽ侳˦ԶԶģһΡ
ַ㣬侳һأȴ侳صǿڡ
˵ҵսǻʳģ̻ǲɵģûļܹȵϡ
걻һиַȻˣڰ磬˵һоƿصС
Դ̤˺һַ֮Ѿܾûнڰ״̬ˣ˺һֻҪһͿԽأΧһȫԺУڰЧͬ
ֻǣ̤ڰʱַͬƬУûκӵ·ӵƿһе
ЩնϵٶںؾۣһȴǧɫߣںϳһޱӴߣϢ
Ӵͷ­˫֮޲ʾֵӴ֮ǿ󣬴˿̵ߣƺ꣬ޣֲޱȵޡ
ľ޴Ⱥֻһ˫۾ÿ£ĮһУ·ΧһУϡ
ֲǣϢްףַȥ·֪Ĵڡ
ҲʱͻȻ£Ȼʶûиܵ־磬оǷǳģ߾޴Լıֱ߶סĸоȻת漴㿴һޱȾ޴Ѿ
𡭡
ֲ˻֮Ӵɫ³ռ䶼Ϊ֮ȺģҲݡ
ֻſ죬˵ĴĿֱӳɶȥȺִʵˣҲ
䣡
ϣһɿֲϢıبǵİɫ⻪𣬷Եɶ߳ȥͬʱϵĺԪһ쫷磬뵽Ǻبİɫ⻪ȥ
һ̣ȺֻĤһ·֮漴ǱʲôҲֻǺبİ׹һĳߡ
ǰɫĹ⻪һַ޾Ƭأصż֮ޱȵţɱһС
ꡣ
Ⱥ˫סԼĶ䣬ֻһһЩʵСѪĿⶼЩ̫ͣˡ
Ӵ߾ԽԽǳ⻪ǰУ޴УܣյС
ɫǰԽԽգֹͣһϹ죬޴ޱȵ֮ӰʧӰ٣ȴûзκεΪȫǿ־ˣؼΨм֮
һޱȵĽ֣Ȼתֻ̫ҫ۵ĽųϢ
ϵٶſ˴³һǽԽԽַҲأѪ
ڣͱϣټ֣ռɻһƴ̶֮òϢȺĶĤڲǸоԼʧˣ·ʲô˺һƬ̣ǲŽָХҲʧΡ
ҵ꣬ÿ¡
ĺݺݵĲţеҲǵһμ侳ǿͷߺʹǿһסˡ
ȴʵʵĹ̫ˣ޷赲С
ַܱʹóҲȺֿѪ꣬ĿһݣղǾ޴ɫߣҲֲܿǿֲֻбֱɵķݣңǿսַܣ١
ţѵҪﲻɣ
Ҳַͬ㣬ɱԽԽŨˣ侳صǿߣԸַ㣬Ȼʹóȫһˡ
оԼϳ׵ʧȥΨлɱַ㣬ϴˢ֮˱ɱ֮ޣϴˢԼĳ衣
ַҲ꣬ѹһ֮ܽУԭҵ꣬ܲҶμҵķӡ֮꣬Ҳͬǿһַǳµꡣ
ַ㣬ס㲻ԼҲߵˡɭ³һ漴ſ죬һƲͷš
ɱɱ
һɱ˳¶ʵʵĵУ޿Ĺ֮УֱַĶĤУƺһεַΪ޷赲ס


0344 
磡Ҷַ㴦ΣգĿ͸ŨŨĵǣŶĺ
¡ĶսӰĿ͸һǿҵţַ㣬ܻ¡
鶼ѩ£ַ˼бɱֻ˵Ϲۡ
ҶŶĵţɷǳǣʱҪɱַ㣬һлᶨȻֱɱַ֣ס֪ĵȻҲûãǵΪҪֹܣֻеȡ
ҲĶŶģַǶģʲôµĻѲ˸ϵ
˼еȺɾûжĵˣַʹɱ֣жֻһ뷨ַ㣬ˡ
𣬳׵ıŭˣҪɱַ㣬ַѾܵסǿ󹥻ˣ˶þͻᱻɱ
ϧһţƫƫŭҡŭ
ҵүһʮսⱾһƽսʲôƽԣǿʳʵǿͿΪΪɱ˲˲Ϣ֮£ַǿɱУڣַǿҪɱַ㣬һж·쾭壬ʵ
¡¡
ٶȴһҵײ֮ɱδɢѾٵַߣַɳȥ
һַһʸһˣǲѪ
ַıϣӦƬڰ磬ȻӦʵȴԵֵס
ҿֶܼá
Ϸʵ˵һٲͰԵԪ£ɫĹ⻪ַ㣬ɱȥ
ַǰӿ֣һ֣ǿ͵ԪǰΡ
ţַֺϣ壬ٶȿˣѪϵĴ
ַıͦñֱսʤǰܡɡ
䣡
ֲɱַ֮ǰϯɱһƬٶȸ֣һΣôҫۡôĶĿһĺɫ֮ɱ֮
֮ϣ͸ɱ⡢ս⡢֮벻֮⣬·ӵ
ɫ磬ַ磬ͷϿճ֣Ǳ֮ϣ·⾳ݵַǰļϡ
ţȺĿ΢ϱַ㣬ܾǿĽ⣬֮ȫʢ֮ʱ˿
ַ㣬ȷʵ͡
Ҳһ˿֮ɫУҲòˣǲѩ¹ֻһţϧַɡ
ɱɱ
εʵʵĹɫлһܣиſռ䣬ַȥͬʱ˫ϣԪΪһĵ̳ˣһ⣬һ
䣡
εɫĽײһ𣬾ɱĹ⻪ͬʱҲˣ뽣УɵĽϵĶѡ壬һǰ
ɱ
ٶŭһߵַֻͷȻһ׵ĻɢѣԪ֮ϵʱҵĺڶԷԪ֮ϣ͵ķַ֮弱ٵˣܵԪ֮
ȿȣ
˺˰ףַһµԪ鸡·ʱܻɢ壬Ȼֱ
ü͵ġ
ȺеӰȻˣɰȻ۲𹥻ңַ㾹Ȼڿţԣ̾Ϊֹ
ַ㣬ĮĵΣҿô
˵ɣϣԪһ£Ըַ㣬Ȼķ˴Ҳʮơ
磬ȥˡ
Ҷܵ͸ŵɱ⣬ֿһ۱˵ַ㣬ŶĺһιĻַĿסˡ
֪ģʵֹġ
ĵʵԶΪҪֲ
ңٲУҾͳ֡
ĶеӰصĵסûг֡
Ϊĥַ
ַ㣬ҲһϲǸַ㹻ʱ䣬ܳΪҴֵˡ
еַĬţ۾ڰ統УĲɫ˸ݡ
ַָо飬ƺҪոµһҳ
Ҳ˲ַȫۼ֮ϣģʹ顣
ɫĹԽԽƯеøӵˣ·ʱܷ
棬ƺѾ׼ˣַ㣬ɱ˳
һΣ
³һ𣬱ŰϢţ壬һַ㡣
һΣһҪַ㵱նɱٸַκλᡣ
ɱڵԼûκηӦַ㣬Ⱥжһ뷨ˣһεַ㣬ˣҲ赲ˡ
ַ㣬ȥɡ
ŭһҪԺް㷴Ӧַ֣ʱ֮УһХ󣬵ȴܼ֮⣬ϸϣɫһ
ţ
Ŀת漴Ϳһɫ˿һ糯˿˿ȴһɱ֮쵽¡
ô£
һŵҲ˲ַ㣬ֱӳǺĲɫ˿˦ȥ
䣡
һײ촫徹ˣĲɫ˿˿ȴޱȵĸ͡
ݣ
һȺĿһǿԶֵУһ·޾Ĳɫ˿Ʈȥ硣
Ҳоˣʱһ峯Ų෽ˣ߶ǲɫ˿ֻгм䷽ˡ
ûӦ˿ֱӽ·漴ĸʴʶԽ֮ƣȫм
κһ򣬶
ô£˭ڿƲʴʴĸ򣬶˵Ŀ¡Ⱥͷݺݵһ˼֣Ѿܾû£Ҳ˵˼ֱ˻ԾһΣȴĵɫ˿Ϣĳ֣Ҳζţ˼֣λǿߣˡ


0345 
˭ŭһű֮
ӶԽǷʴĵʸһȼʸ·סĻֱм½
û˻Ӧֻɫ˿£Ҫ졣
Ųһ̤ڿնٶϰ𣬶ǽĲʴ
ꡭ
˺ѵ촫ʴȻûκԥײһ飬Ⱥ𾪵Ŀע֮£ײĲʴȫѳѿĲɫ˿û˿ңֱӳе˹ȥն˲ɫ˿֮ӰѤʢĲɫꡣ
䣡
ųһǿҵŭ˭ȻĨɱַʱ֣ҵĹͣ
˿̵Է˶˵ʹˣҲֻĿġ

һԪ֮·ɫ˿˺Ѷȥ͵첻ϴʢĲɫȴԽԽѤʮɫ˿٣춼ǲɫλ֮ӰſĻϮϣ·Ҫ嶼ȥ
ÿµĿ
Ⱥͷ鴤˲ȴǿԽǹʴʴѣԽѶԸ
̤ѤԪİ𣬿쵽˼顣
ٶȿ죬ǲɫ˿ٶȷ·죬˲䣬Ӱ潫ԽԲνΧ棬ֻϿһȱڡ
ȺĿǣǿˣǳԽĲɫ˿Ӱȫסˣ淢ʲôǸ޷֪
ɫ࣬Žס޾ɫ֪ԼˣԪ峯Ų˹ȥҪʴ˺
͡
ɫ˿ԪѣĲʴϣ޾Ĳɫ£峹׵ᣬյУһɫԲ壬ͱɫԲ档
ͬʱɫԲɫ˿ֱĸǲɫ˿ֵķ
ȺĿⶢǲɫԲֻƺйâ˸Ϣһ䶯ţȻ
ɫ˿ˣ˭
ȺĿǣƬ̵Ĺ򣬾ͽǿ˲ɫ˿棬ʵֲ̫ˡ
ڴʱɫ˿ľͷһӰ֣˳ǲɫ˿Բ̤Ⱥͫ׶ʱһ
ɫ˿ÿɫ˿Ӧһˣˣ棬ɴ棬趯ȻȫŮӡ
Ųɫ˿Բ̤ȥһʧ
ҲʧƬ̣ĵӰѾ̤Ųʴ˲ɫԲԣֱֻܷܷ֣ӽ˲ɫ˿֮ϣ̼䣬һҽ֮ȺĶĤҽ
𣬱ԲУ˵ĹһΣˡ
Ҳ֪λŮʲôˣǣȻͻȻ֣Һ顣
Щ֪˼ֱĿ˸²⣬ǲŭ˼ֵˣ徲һŭ֮Ը
ǣȺû˼˼ֵˣҲģ˼ֵһֱڣֻƬأûܹ̤ĽأˣҲṳ̂ذ벽
쳽ɫ̫ÿôᣬ쳽¼֮ˣȻ֪˼ֵ˭ôƻԼĺ£һֱҪַ
ֻһַҪˣƾճֱֵӶֹ֣ɱַ㡣
⵽ʲô
Ψ֪˿̷ʲôҲζʲôˣڳˡ
һж²Ҳڰļƻš
ַ㣬ɱУҲɱλ侳ǿߣҪɱַ㣬Һַ㣬֮𣬿ַƺ·һȴڣ˭˵ַ·һ
ʮǰͺͶμҵλһѩҫ۵ţ񣬶μҵλѾĻ֮󣬲ٳ棬ȴִһС
жֲ֪
ɷ򣬿ϧμλӡˣʮĽ죬Ҳһң
յУԵϢŰǲɫԲѣɫ˿Ϊ޾ƬӰһθ֣ȺߵС
Ȼ˿̵𣬺͸ղŵȴ·ͬһˣղŵԵޱȣҪɱַ㡣
ڵ𣬻˺ۣϢ΢Ŀⶼû˹ʣ˫УмãȻͲʡ
ãȻΪڻ֪Ϊŭ˶Էλǿ֣ʣΪү侳صǿڣϵΪ
ԭ򶼲֪˷ϵΪ
ʱֻоĩս٣ҵĸо
ϣɻɫ˿˫˫סֻĵӰ΢ʱ峯Զȥͬʱĵһ𴫳
˼֣֮˲̤벽Υɱ
˵գĵӰͬʱ˸˲䣬ǵӰûֵУܿûӰյеĲɫ˿Ƭڷţˣ·ûгֹһ
ӽ˼֣֮ˣ㣡
һ仰Ȼ֤λŮӵݣǣʹ˼֣´
𱻷ϣң·ܵǣ׼̤˼ְ벽ΥߣҪɱ
¡
ݺݵڵϣѪӿ׵ɢܡ
ãȻĿʧӰŭһΪʲô
Ϊʲôû˻ΪȺҲΪʲô˼֣Ϊλ´֣ҽ֮ˡ
ѵΪ˼£
ǣַ㣬ɱУҪҲַһɡ
ʱַ㻹յУ·ûʲôһ˵΢΢һѵַйأ


0346 ڤ
ԣַܻйأ
ȺܿͷеĲ²⣬˼ֱˣǺҲַ㣬˵ݳʿаϵ
Ҳ˼ֵ˳֣ΪŰԵϾ˶ͬߵ̬˼ֵַͬ㣬Ҳ
˵ĿⶼϣϢήҡ˿ҲǶ¶һ˿ͬͿɱ֮ɫү侳صǿߣ˵䣬ѾǸˡ
һˣʧȥ˿ʸҵĵλֲˣټΪʧߺУ˵𻹻ᱻҽһΣǳ׵ˣҲûκεϣ
컯˵ץŪˣǿһŭ˱ˣҲҪɳ档
ԣ½еޣϵ׷ǿľ磬Ϊľ˲ƿأƿ˵ǲŽĸء
ȻҲ֪ԼˣеַӰ޾ʹ൱УΪʲôûɱַ㣬ȴΪʱŭ˼ֵˣϵΪ
ޣ͸ַ㣬Ҳڣ˼ɱַ㣬һоͶᷢ
ޣǰ͸¶Ϣ˵˼лΣյϢɹϢ٣ʱĿַɱַ㣬Щмˣ˿̣ȴо𣬷·һСһıеУݽȥ޷֮ա
ڣ𻹲֪˭Ϣ͸¶ġ
Ŀ˸Ⱥתţգ˶Ӷĵϡ
ƺֻͶҶַȽ죬ַ㣬Ϊʲô˼֣
Уʼɶġ
·ǲʲôĵĿ΢΢תڵϵϣһ˿ĵɫЦĵ˼ֶѾˣ廹뿪𣿡
ǵЦݣĿһһ
΢΢鴤ţ͸ŨŨĺ⡣
еĺ⣬ȴȻЦ壬÷ӵʱ򣬾͸÷һţۣ˹
ĺĻӿ϶ǶɣϢ͸¶Լ
һУ·ǶƺõģĵĻ˵ǰ̫ûиĵӣԣĽ֡
ǣôԤϵ˼ֵ˻ֵģ˼ֵˣܻӶĵ
ա
ɭ˵öĿ΢ĵ壬һֱ㹧һ壬ңȴǺ⣿
޳ܣģöӣû뵽ȴСˣ޳񶾵ĶŶģȻڴʱһ̶ХÿռһֻĿͻȻӲдʹ֮ɫĺ֮һĳǹ֮ǹ
ߵһĻȺͷһˣ𣬾ˣĨɱ
£ɱֻǳֵĺɫӰĮ˵һ漴Ŷĵϥأĵ£Žɱ𷣡
󵨡ŭһƺǳĮĵ岻һʱ嶯ôܻɱ壬ν͡
ţԸеһΣʬͻңҴá
ƽûа㲨·˵һΪƽ֮¡
ԥƬ̣漴̾ϢһҲֻˣͽͻңδ㣬㶼÷
ǣ¡˵˵ͷ漴ֱǹʬ뿪Ⱥͷݺݵһ
ȥлȥ֮ˣǵӵµ³
Ⱥģһɺ⣬Ķӵ£ҲȺչ¶İԵһ棬һĻҲݸǿġ
վӡҪվ򣬽־ͺһ
Ŀת·ʲô鶼ûзһеַ㣬һĨ֮ɫʱַ㣬ƽ֮УϢƽȣûа˵ļ󣬶ңˣϢҲƽȵֵز
ַ㣬ƺһ״̬о
ȺҲĿͶеַ㣬¶ɫַ㣬·Ͼϵʲô֪ղɱ֪Ҳ֪λŮӼʱ֣ϵ
ַ㣬ȫԼ統ȥ
ڰ磬ַ磬ҡҷʵİ֧֮顣
ʱַȫ֮ϣĵҳҲˣſһ϶ϵĲš
ַȻһȣȫ֮ϣʱҳڶˡ
һΣû貵Ĺâûҫ۵Ľ⣬ΨһĨļµϢڻϢ
ҳ֮ʱ棬ͬһһźɫĻ棬鶼ĺڣһĨڣ·ڵħ
ĵڶҳϿգһɱ⡢սĽɫĽңսΪ
һҳϿգһŻ棬沢꣬ϢûаϢţţȴ˸оֲŰĻ棬ͺڤϢȴġ
ڤ𣡡
ַͷһǱ֮ʱַгֵս񽣣Żɲǣַһʱĸоڤ
ԵڤĻ档
꣬ƺÿζҪܷҳÿһҳ̺Ŷ֮Ҳַа꿪ʱ򣬸ۣ֮ԼֲԣĵڶҳһȥĽÿһ򣬶Խ
һΣĵҳڤ֣֪Ż棬жǿ
ʱȺɶַ㣬ڣǿַ㶯ˣ漴ַһĨɫĻ˫ͫ˸Ⱥо˲ı·һڤϢ䣬ǵģҲݺݵս¡


0347 
ĺɫַֻг˲ʧַĿָ糣ɨһȺɵ㶡
ʱ˶ڿ𣬲ˡ
ʲôˣ
ַ΢ղţɫ˿֣漴ͽȫ֮ϣ淢飬֪
ȿȣ
һַµԪԽԽ֧壬΢ַ㳯·ȥߣʵأ
ˡĿַһۣһʱ̣ȻǸ̥
ղλŮӳ֣ϵ𣬲׼̤֮˼ְ벽ˣɱˡ
һ۶ģַĿ˸ˣҪɱԼˣ⻹ʵַЩ⣬Ϊаַ㲻£ʵȷˣڻúõģû
еλŮӣǲ׼̤֮˼֣˵Ǵ˼֣ǶĵˣǣΪҪԼϵĪǶĵԵʣ
ַ㣬Ķַ΢ЦһҪɱʱ򣬾Ȼ״ֱ̬Ǹ̥ѹ츳˿ֲ
ַ㿴ŶģĿ˸棬͸
ΪҪǷΪ˹棬ҪԼɱУôĿʲô
Ϊλǧһ֮ʱ֣ԼɱеʱѵܹԤϵΣգ
λŮӣ˭ΪʲôҪԼϵ
Щַ㲻⣬벻͸
ַ㣬㡣
ʱҶǰһµĴƿݸַ㣬ַһ㶣ʵǣ
õġ
ҶЦöȴ΢΢һâ
ַĸܵ˶ķâʶƿеĶһ
ƲǺأָһͺˡַƳ˵
ֺҹҶһ˿䣬ԹĿַһַۣһЦǸҶ
㽫£Ҿԭ㡣ҶƿݵַǰĿ⿴
ַΣЦŽƿӹ漴澹оſŻɫ͸˿˿ҩ֮ǵҩϢ
ַ㵹һŵҩȻֱӷãʱһϢ˳žƽԼѪӵĳԾַܹܵԼϵÿһϸڶҲڼĻָš
ǿҩЧַа̾һⵤҩһ
Ҷһŵҩ㹻κҵˣšַ㽫ƿǺãȻץסҶֱ֣ӽƿġ
ҶַһֻۣýƿⵤҩʥƷΪƷһַƵȷˡ
Աߵ쳽ĿĮĿַ㣬Ҷַ̬ȣֻ䣬޲ɱַ㣬ɺޣղȻûɱַ㣬ֻܹ˳ֵ̫ʱˣֻҪһַѾˡ
ַĸо쳽͸ɱ⣬Ŀתַ쳽˸ʱ쳽ֻͷһȻֱַӣͷַ㶼ҿ
ַ㣬ɱУŭҲɱԼǸӡ

ַ³һ쳽ݺݵս£ɫͨ졣
գ߸ϣ¼֮ˣַУַ㵱϶Դַ㵱˵棬Ƿңַһ񣬾η壬ֱַ㣬ַǰ̧ͷ
ܱȴʵ
Ҷ£һ£㲻ټˡַתĿ⣬ͶҶԼкһ
ҶСſ˵ʲôȴ֪ʲôȥ΢Цĵ˵ͷȥɣ´ú
á
ַ΢΢ͷ漴ת˼ȥҲĸ
㵹Ǵ鰡
ַĽŲԣƲַһۣдżϢ
𣿡ַ㿴һ۵Ŀһͣ

꣬˻֮ѾһƬڣݲ̣ûԸ̤⽹֮ϡ
Ȼڴʱһɾۣ֮վǣ⽵ٵϣһ⻪壬ҫۡ
̤϶֮۵꣬Ȼַ㣬ɹǳãշ쾭ľ֮ء
۾ַתշ쾭̫ϣϵں壬Ƭַ̣㾹·ԡ˻֮УѤ
Ȼʱַ㣬ȴƬڰ統Уһڰ֮УĹ⻪˵貣Ʈ֮ϵĺɫ棬˵Ĳġ
ַȫ뵽źɫĻ浱У˼룬ڤ֮
һɻϢַӶ䡢ɭɻ֮⣬ڤ
ͬʱַϣһźɫӶ˸𣬾ɫʴڰ棬ĺڰ档
Ϊֲǣɺڰ棬ڲϵӣַÿһ䣬һЩʱַ̣ϵ̫֮ȫ˺ɫ棬һ̵ַ㣬ԡڻĻ浱Уħ񣬿ֲޱȡ
⾳⾳ڤ̫֮𣬹Ȼǿתġ
ַͷһݣԪ֮ɻ棬ڤ棬⾳ϵ̫֮ҲԻΪڤ֮𣬲ȼַϵĺڰ棬ԶԶû֮Ưǵڤ֮Ĳ
һַϵĺڰ棬ڵ㣬䶯ǰ޾Ļ涼䶯һĺڰ⣬ַǰۡ
һƴĺַǰΣڰ֮ڤַ֮ȫԪ֮ĺɫ棬֮С


0348 ʥԺ
εĺڰַ֮Ŀ˸â
ÿֲϢаַ૵֮ϵԪ֮۶ɣں״һС
ɫڤ֮һл棬ֻһУһжɵ
һɫ󣬷·ʢţ̺ļ֮⣬ȴǰŨ棬ԽѹԽֲ
ַٶѹۣٶȻظղŵ״̬
Σģַֹͣ˶ԺڰĿƣ֣һʱַǰһϢĻǣڳ֮⵱У˿˿ĿҰ֮⡣
޻棬棬ַųǴӱԭжõһֱûлʹãΣÿԡ
޻ƮյУַź䶯ȥɫĻ껺ſϵͬʱ֮ס
̣ͺһַһâʱɫֱӱպϣ׵Ľ޻ɵɫĹ⻪˸дĻ⾳ԽԽֲԽԽǿҡ
ַ˿ûие֣ǿβ𣬱ͿֲޱȣǺ֮ɵûаĿͷţֻǿֲļϢȫȫɣûа˷ѣֲ̫ˣ·ǻ֮һл档
һЩʱ̣ϢǿַҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬̧ͷһ۸е̫ȵ
ַĻ£ʱǺĺڵ㣬˳ַ˫ֳַңһ̫֮ٶȳַϣȵɫȫʧַ֮ϵԪȸղſֲ࣬ŵĻ⻪ȡΪҫۡ
ڤ棬ܹԪ໥תңͨڤ޻ԪƷҲˡ
̫֮˵ĳȣַҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬⣬˴δѲ鷭µһҳڤܹշ쾭ศɣƷʣշ쾭
⣬ַҲȱٻ棬ϻϣҪǿĻΪ֧š
꣬꣬Ϊλҵϣ
ַ૵벻ףҹе꣬ױȵ˺ʹرҲǾ޴ģÿһҳķƺḳǿս񽣡ڤһҳֻʲô
ûȥ룬֮;һнˮɣΪˣȻ֪ȥ룬Ҳǿշա
潥Ĵʧַֹͣ˸ַ¶꣬ܿ죬ֻʣһӰ

˼зһвûд·˹⽫Ϣлǣ¼ҡԼӶģ˭Һ˵
ƽһʱ˼УвٵĺŹӵڣǵļ壬ѩ¹ĸ߲㣬ȴȻ֪ܲʲôǶףңһǳƽ
Уַɱλҵ侳ǿߣַɱү𣬱˼ֵǿ߷ϵΪ漴Ӷĵ˻ɱ
棬ǣַ㡢ǣ˼֣ǣ˶ģλƽ
ЩһѧԺȻ֪һѧԺȺԣ䣬Ľ㡣
׻˶ۣģһѧԺľˣΪ䣬һѧԺҫ۵ţһѧԺһˡ
ȻҲΪַ㣬һѧԺ츳ߣɣַǺһսҲʤĻᣬȻҲǲ²⡣
ʱһѧԺ䳡ȻΧȺַǷ
̧ͷĿ⿴ĸ߲㣬ȺĽɫ˵ԶǱĶ
ǶгһգԼܹ̤У
ڴʱԶмХ֮ԶԶĴ·ǷںХǳ̶
˲ɵ̧ͷĿ⳯Ǳȥ漴Ⱥ㿴ռһ޴ĲˣĳԲȥм䣬һѤİâ

Ⱥ΢΢̣Ķǿռ漴һӴӰǵС
Ӱ˫չĴſռ䣬ÿһĴ򣬶һռ˳Ե쫷磬͸ʵʵĹ⻪
ޣ
ȺǾ޴ӰԼǴ
һѧԺϿգȻ޳֣һĻж΢΢¡
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ʱ⣬ȺϣƬգȻѩ٣ġ
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ȺٶһѩûдˣеˣȻǴӺѩӡ
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ЩͬʱһѧԺУңǸѩʥԺǿӣ˴еλ
вƽ֮Ҫˡ
Ⱥһ뷨˿̵ĴѾǵϿգ˸壬ֱվĶˣһѧԺӣ̤ڽ¡
һĻһѧԺȺȫһ


0349 Լ
šȺŴӡ
һѧԺԣӵ壬ˣҪ̤ĸ߲㣬һѧԺ
ӣһˡѩʥԺˣһѧԺûվطֱӲ̤Ķˣ⡢Զ
չҪһѧԺ˶̤ڽ£ӡһѧԺˣǵķеҫȴ̤չǰ˴ӡ
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ѩҲվյУŲ̤ѩ֮꣬šǿ󣬺ͳչһһѧԺȺ
ЩѩʥԺȺһ˸гһţĿĮĿһѧԺˣ߸ϡ
˵һѧԺ˼λţˣ侳硣
ʱվ˵ĳչĿڣдżϷ֮⡣
һѧԺҲԽԽˣգҺѩѩʥԺˣֽһһѧԺŵۺʵ
չĿɨȺ͸Ž֮⣬ţ
֮ǰչǰ˴֮һ侳ǿߣʱ䣬ûа׻죬ƾ츳ӣΪѾ侳أһѧԺԼۣŸտ䣬ʲôʸ
ַ㣬չȻûַ㣬ʵϣһѧԺһĿģΪַԡ
Ŀ⿴һ۵ϵѩʥԺȺ漴΢л˲䵽˵棬漴ٶڿգ磬ֻգۼѾ»ص۷壬ߣһˣһŮ
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ܷ˿Ҳվ۷壬ȺһٵĸоĵǱַߵĽ·³֡
츳ַΣַǿܶΣֻҪǿ󣬾ͿԽַ̤ڽ¡
İܷܷһҵĳŵչĮ˵һַ㣬лһҪɱ
뵱̤ƺҪˣʱַлǸϣȻ͸ɱˡ
ַΪѾһѧԺΪţӶĿأչҪַ㣬ӵĽ
ôû˻ػһѧԺ𣿡
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˴֮һĳչȷʵܹԿģǶײһŭ˶Է
ҲʱԶһӰ˸ٶ죬ˣֱӴ̤ЩˣһѧԺʦ侳ǿߣƽʱ˿̣ѩʥԺƺƵλܲ档
չѩӶ̤ȺĿƽûаĲû⡣
ӺѩӴһѧԺʲô˼
ʱһһѧԺǿ̤վ˵ĳչԼѩӵ
ĳһѧԺ˲űĽѾãʥԺЯֶһһѧԺϺʵϣλܹһѧԺѧԱߴͽ̡չЦЦ˵һ˼ԣգսһѧԺġ
ѩʥԺһѧԺΪʳѧԱһһѧԺܾġ
ѩ͸żֺϢҲͬ˵
һѧԺ侳ǿüͷţӺѩӶѾã񶼲֪жǿˣˣƾԺɨһѧԺĵˡ
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һѧԺǵ̫ѿԸ򵥵㣬ֱѡѧԺǿţҺѩһս
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ƺһѧԺûκʤĿܡ
ãˣһѧԺѡһˣһս
һѧԺ侳ǿ߿˵Ⱥ㶣Ȼѡսʽ
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ڡ侳ǿ߲һ룬ò̫ãʳǱһʢᣬʱѩӱȻҲҪģʱһѧԺѡˣҲȥһս
չĿ˸ţû뵽ԷǴע⣬ȷʳǵʢᣬͿˣѩΪ˴еһλȻȥ
һʢᣬŵʢᣬһѧԺҲѡ˹ȥԷȻʱѡһ졣
ΨһһѧԺܾսһѧԺǿ߲һ
չ˸ĬƬ̣ѩһۣ漴ЦŵͷܹһչֳԼǿʵƺҲ
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ߡѩӵĮ˵һŲ̤ѩ·ڿɢޱȡ
ȥѩʥԺˣҲ׷뿪ܿ죬ȫʧˣǽյΪǶһѧԺһӣɨһѧԺ棬뿪һѧԺ


0350 ѵ
ѩʥԺȥһѧԺ侳ǿĺ˸ɨȺ˵ʮˣʮһȵѩȣ٣ϣǣܰʢᣬϳԽҡ
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ӿֵʱκޣսǻ˶Է˵ǺúðգûлμӴ˴εѩȣȻűʱϳǰԽˣΪǿߡ
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ˣѧԺѾһλѡһˣǿȥ侳ǿֵ
Ⱥҡͷ˭ԸȥͰ˴Ӷⲻô
УѧԺȻѾһλѡˣҲ֪˭ɣΪһѧԺĵһˣ϶Ҫռһϯ
ѡ˭ʱԶһӰȺĿתǾͿڿ̤ݣˣ䣬еһѧԺһˡ
ֻʱ俴һѧԺʦʵһѡ˭
䣬ƺں
Ⱥͷ΢ԣⱾһɣһѧԺһˣѡȻӦġ
㡣ȺЩǣԷֱӷеĲ²⣬ѡ䡣
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Ҳַ㣬ˣеһˣںʹԼѩλսǣֻһʵȡ
Ҫȡ𣬼ȻڶҵģôһȻӦңѵΪ˱Ҹʺϲɡ
͸żֲˬڶѡȻơʹ졣
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Ȼ˸ж˶졣
Ŀת俴ϵĹűڵأſ
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һ𺳵л죬òϢǿޱȣ˲ϵĳԶɢȻ˵뽫ϵڵĹűԶ侳֮һŭȣ룬롣
ϵȺסĹűõŭ֮ɵͷ΢ˣҪַȥ
һ˸ԽԽˣ䳡ķ˸ȥ
վյУȺûпַ
ߣ˵ˣûСĮɨ侳ʦһۣ˵
ҲѧԺС
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˵Ҫѵַ㣿
͸һĨĨ⣬΢΢ǣΣ
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ǣͿҪνѵҡĻû˵ϣԶһӰ̤Ӱ֮ϣ·ȥӰһɫĹâ޻ȴл֮ϡ
̤֮ˣȻַ㣡


0351 ˭ɱ
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䣬˵ַᲢ۵ʸûУһģһ˵Ҫѵַ㣬ڣַǰ
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˶Ϊַ㣬һѧԺǿˡ
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䣬̤Ӱ΢΢𣬿ַ̤ͥŲֻ侳磬ṳ̂䣿
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ַ㵽ҲûȥʲôЩ£ҲҪȥͣΨж֤ŷ
ǲҳݣôҲֻǻ˶ֺۣҳݣĿˣѵܵĶҪһܵĶǿ󲻳ɣַһȻǰ˵䣬˶ƾ趼ǵ͵ڣȴſ񣬻ѹֻ˰ɣԣˣϲҪĽ
˵һжȥ֤ҵĻڣұ֤˿ַ㣬ûкᲢ۵ʸ񡣡
˵գһĮϢţַС
ַ㣬ұֻ㣬֤ҵĻѣ˲ʶ̧٣ޱȣұΪԴΪ䣬ԺԼ
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㲻ܶ
ʱԶһ嫵ԶԶĴݶǺܴȴȺĶĤĶ΢΢£·֮⡣
̧ͷȥȺֻԶһӰǣЩӰް׺ףΪ׳ۡ

ȺɫЩˣ֪ʲôˣȻ䲻׼ַ㡣
ȻҲ˿һӰ֮ͷҵһ
ңЩˣȺǣһѧԺʲô
һ䲻׼ַ㣬ңӦúַйڲŶԣҵĸӹ׼ңͺַ㷢СìܣַңҲЩԹ
üҲϳˣΪ֮ˣйһ֮Եҵһλϣʵǿ
Īַ㣬ʸңв²⡣
ҵģ˭ܶҳȺϿգһȺͷһЩ֮ˣȷΪַΪ˰ַ㣬Ҫַ
ַ㣬ңǵҳ˶ǿߣҪɱһӿ湻ġ
Ҳ£漴¶һ˿Ϸʵɫ˿֮ˣַֿһۡ
Ȼû֪֮ļһ֪ߵغ񡣡䵭ķһѩ¹ţǣһǿļ壬ѩ£ûмңԼһЩ츳͸ȥң
ַ㣬޴֪
λ⣬ϵΪȻңðɡ
俪˵·ַ㣬øҡ
ƺ˭ַ㣬ַ㶼Ӳѣ
ΪΪҵĳϿһۣʵ
ҳ΢΢ͷЦ·˵һ΢֮¡
ߣˣôĿȺа䣬ûнַûнַ㵱֡
ãԶ֣ɣҺϲҽø㣬ϵΪ¡ҳĮ˵΢΢һ㶣Ц£ҳϹ˹֣Ȼˣұ㲻ˣΪϣǡ
Է˵ͷһһͣ·ַ㣬Ѿ⣬ֻ׸
Ŀ⻺תַϣǴһ˿ϷʵĮЦݡ
ַ㣬㣬ɱ
һۣһΣַû˵Ԫַ֮ȭϣһԪתϢ
漴ַֻһʱض·һƽһַ壬ȴֱӳǰԶ
ַһȵĻ棬財ҫۣȭϣԵԪ֮ȼգ·ѾȭͷһŻ棬̫档
ַ֮гһӰĿ貣һĻ֮ȭ㣬ɱȥ
һУڶ˲䷢
ɫ΢䣬Ԫֵַ֮Ļ֮ȭҲ㣬ղŵİȻͶַӵ̬ȣܶ𣬿ңַȭ̫ˣ㣬Ҳûʮİ㿪Ψײ
¡
ԵϢڿռŰһŻֻ֣屬ˣȼ˻棬ַȭͷմ棬Ӷϡ
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˵ôϻʵĿɱ
ַ³һĿһɫǳѿ


0352 α
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ٲ̫ģ̫Сˣû˼ϵɢȥЦĿַ㣬ϳ˿˿ս⣬·˷ܡ
˵ĸоǣַԽǿԽȤϣַǿһЩ
α
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һȤһЩַ˫һ࣬һ̫֮˫Σӳ棬Ҳ޷ƿ⣬ȼŽ̫ͷ߹
̫߷·ӽȺ΢΢޷ֱӣͷȻÿ£ַĽ⣬ȡĿ
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֮
ɫ䣬˿ˮĻϣַĽȥ·Ҫ룬ͬʱҲѸٵˡ
͡͡˿걻նϣ貵ĽâϣһĨѪҺƮڿգؿڣһѪۣղţһ㣬ûб˿꣬ͱһᴩš
еĻҪַվǣǱ䣬Ҳûȥ׷ɱͲں䣬ֻÿζҪַʾԼǿôַԾ͡ȫ֪Լν츳жôĿЦ
еӰַȻ񣬶ǱȺоЩʵˣԤеģȫˣӦȻַ㱻ûл֮Ŷԣʵȴ߸е뷨
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ȪӰֱӴ䣬вֻЩϸ΢£޷㷢֣ѾУȻַ˺һ֮磬κϸ΢Ĳ޷ĸо˿֮ĻΪ֣ʵѾˡ
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ܱȪõİ취岻ͣ˸ñȪûпɳַ֮㣬һξͶˣڶΣվǵ׵ıܿ
Ľ⼦ߵ꣬ȥ꣬䣬Ǹѣۣǿˡ
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ޣҪֻ꣬޷Զ
ʱַѵ䣬ȺȴͷҲʶƺ䣬ûչʾԼʵսֻ꣬ΪǿȺֻΪ̫ǿսʤַǶ֡
ʵԶˡ
˵ҪϵҵΪΪ䣬ôҾͷΪú÷ʡַ³һȺһͣôαĻΪʡٷʡкãַֻѣö֮Ľ仰˵ַ㵱ȻͿԻ
˫΢΢ַ̧˫ȭ㶼ȼܵ棬ޱȵĳȣΧĿռ䣬·Ҳȼޱȡ
ɱ
ַ³һɱĽŲ֮ȭɱȥ
˿ꡣ
һ׼˿֮ϣţַһͣ˿赲סƬ̡
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Ȫ
ŭһ˼ô࣬廯һӰȻֱӶݵ֮֮أȺ΢΢̡
ֻܽˡ
俴ҳϵ
ַ㻺תһۣд޾ķ̣Щں٣ΪˣȴֻСˡ
ڵİΣգ᲻ֶΣˣӵа֮ˣȻսˣսҲҪսϡ


0353 ²
ĻҳϿ¶һĨζЦݡ
˵ҪԷͬˣڣˡ
ţüһĨɫƬ̣ǵģҰˣҽøǡ
ãˣʸҲҪãս꣬ٳҲ١
ҳ΢΢ҡͷĿ䵭һĻȺ겻ѡ
ɱǱΪ䣬һѧԺǿ֮ˣַ㣬ֻǵڶˣʵǵϣǵ飬ΪѧԺһˣַĶַ֣㣬׾սʤ䡣
ڣ˵Ҫ֮˽ַ㣬֮ˣȴô
ҳϵЦ⵱Уżвζ
俴ŶԷĿ˸תȥַ㣬˴սܣַ㣬һѧԺһˣҲģԺͣ
ַĻ£и̵ַЦݣΪսʤʱ򣬾ҪϵַΪ֤Լǿ󣬵ڣˣҪԺͣô
㲻ҪΪôַЦ˵תٶȿҳϣҪ
ҡҳϵĮ˵
ãҪӦһѡ񣬿ڵ
ҪǱ˰ɣҲȱһˡҳЦɫһʾãұ㵱ҵĿ䡣
ǿ䣬ūӽʲôҪʲôҳЦһ䣿ЦȻ츳Ը񣬲ԼĻʱߵҪá
ū֣ɫѿޱȣūңȻҪ䵱ūɶ
ȺҲһͣҳϣҪһѧԺţūγڱһѧԺ
ֻʮϢʱ俼ǡҳĮ˵һͷһ䣬Ϊū
ɫһһףֿһַ㣬ݾҧԼ촽Ѫ
ҡӦӲޱȣڿڣ䣬ĴӦҵū
·Ⱥһдżַߺ֮ɫ䣬ûйȻԸҵūʲôţǸ
ȺоܶһѧԺţΪѧԺһ˵ţȴΪūǶôķ̣ǻȺֻоЩģ䣬ַȵʸûС
ܺãңǿ㡣ҳ¶һĨЦ⣬ĵվɡ
ͷŲ̤ҳϱżַ̧㣬ĿоһУַ㣬ûַ㣬䣬һѧԺţ߸ϡھλд˿̵Ľ֣һУַ㡭
ʱѾˣ˭һֱַ㣬Ҫûַ㡢ϵַ㣬֤Լǿ
ɱ
䣬ַ³һ˵У츳ӹɣ֮⣬һѧԺҫ۵һˣڣȴΪūȷһֱ
ɱôַ㣬ūʸûУ³Ψûܾ㡣
ҳĮĶַ㣬ɱַ֣㣬һҪ
⻰Ż𣿡ַ㵭Į˵һĵһѧԺ
ҳüͷһ壬˲ָֻ糣Σ
һѧԺôҲֲ֮Ұ㣬
һ治ڣҾɱ㡣ҳĮһЦŲ΢΢ǰһ磬Ӱ׺֮ϿȻͬʱһֻһȴҳϵĽŲ
̧Ŀ⣬ҳϿķ¶һĨȻ顣
һƽԭǰҳϿ˵ԶԶĴݳȥ˶¶ɻ֮ɫַ㣬ȴ֪
ƽղһ֡

ռвģΨһ֣
֣ƽͣƺûаŭ̺Уҳϣȴͷ΢ݣƽ˭С
ǰ֮ԵӡҳϺƽ˵һת˻֣ʱҵȺȻȫȥ
һĻһߣôˣɱַ㣿
һƽ⣿ƽǺˣ
ɨַһۣȴַĽŲǰ̤£ͷһ˸ֱӶȥ
ܿ죬һӰʧӰ
ЩʧӰַĿת漴Ų̤ĳһȥֱ뿪䳡Ͽա
ôȫˣ
˿ſյգһԣ֮˺ƵԣôˣֻΪǰһ仰
ǰǺˣƺԺϸ֮ˣͲںȴƺǰ
ˣ벻ףȴˣַ㣬һѧԺһˣ޿ĵһˡ
ֱַһѧԺһУûм̤ǽڵϣĲ뵽̨֮ͤǰƽǸ٣У·ΨһŹ١
ʦ⵽ô£
ַһҺƵҪɱȴΪƽһ仰뿪ƺǣͲɱԼġ
뿴ĵϸƽ˵һַĿ΢ϸַ㣬кεϸ
˼ַһУ㲻ú𣿡ƽ̧ͷַַףƺ£ƽ֪
ǺΡַ΢΢ͷģƺⰲһ棬ɱУȴ˼ֵ˷ϵһУΣ˼ֵˣΪΰַ㱾ԸȥҲ²⣬ƽȴ
ַ㣬ҲĳЩйأ֮޷ʵһѧԺ̽ƽ˵һȴַͷ΢ƽĻȴо͸ǣҲַ㣬ĳЩйأ
ƽһ˵֮ˡ


0354 ̻
ʳ¼ңڻʳ˵УΪصļ壬µ͵һӵܶ˵¼ҵĻԻֻͣżȻǻѣĪҪ¼֮ˡ
ڻʳǵĶ棬һɽ֣ɽع㣬һƬɽ֮䣬һԺ䣬¼Ҿס֮ء
ʱ¼ҵһƬֵУӰ壬һˣüĿ񿥣һˣ̫׷ɣĿȴȻ
ףκЩ̫ƽʱ꿪һӣ˵
׷û˵̣岻Ƭ̺󣬲Žһ£֮⣬ȴӰ֡
Ƭ̣еӳٳٲ£Ǹ⣬ǡ𣡡
˵գ¡
԰ɣֻҪ̫ǺûУ̧ͷߵ͸żƲ֮⣬ʵ
˵ͷ츳ֺǺúǸֲš
Ե̾ϢһиһӰӰ
쳽ǺΣһ
һΣ΢΢ҡͷֻ֣С
ɣȥ̫ࡣҲͬҡͷ
ףǱߣôһ
߳Ƭ̣漴վĿԶʮֿ֮쵽ˣɣ⣬߳ʳ֮ʱף
˵գ̧߱ȥߵĻһâĬĬĵͷ񣬻ʳǵУƼʻᣬǸˡ

һУַ˼Ƭ̣޷뵽Լ˭Ϲϵ
ʦְһΡַƽƺǷƽˡ
ûа㣬ֻҴӦ˱ˣһѧԺκ¡ƽ΢΢ҡͷַĿ¡
˭ַʵ
Ҵȥطɡƽ̧ͷַ¶ѯ֮ɫַ˵ͷͿƽһʱ̤յС
ÿ졣ַĿ΢Ųһ̤Ԫۣ廯һʸƽȥķ׷ȥ
ӰһǰһдС
侳֮ˣԾ֮ߣ侳棬ƾһ̤ǧףܶݵ̤侳ǿߣֻҪ㹻Ԫ֧ţͿ̤նУͼ侳Ҳֲ֧̫ãһֱԪ֮ٶȼ¡
Ȼַȴǰƽֶٶȿ쵽˼飬նС
ƽѾܹնУǿ߿أɽӣ֮ԡ
ַ׷ţƽƺ̽ĥļޡ
ʱַĽ£Ԫޱȣ·֣֮ʹǰУͬʱַϣϵıַϵɵַϣ·𲻶Ԫ֮˸ԴԴٶȣҲܽƽ
жôĳַֻԼ֪
ַҲ֪˶ãƽٶڻ³һˣȥ
˵գƽ帩¡
ַ㿴һ۽£һйΧַͷȻһ
ʹƽĵطȻǻʹ
ַƽڵ棬ֻоһƣնУָоˬ̫ľˣַоЩ㡣
ϸΧ˿ǰ·һɽׯڻʹУϵĹͬнӺɽͣ·һС磬ַڵĵطһǳ֮أ׳ȴĿ
ţ
ʱַĿ΢΢һĸоڰ˫۾ڶɭϡ
ַȻʹڵȻˡ
ǽȥɡƽŲ̤ׯ԰߶ţ̤ʯһȣƺǳϤ
ʦҲ򵥰
ַ㿴ƽıӰа˵һ
Ƭַ̺һŵϪ⣬ǰ棬ڳһЩӰвҪ̤ϪȴλŮӵӰǣκ˽ȥЩӰֻǻ
ʱҲƽַˣɵһ͡
ǰܷҽϪֵС˳ƽ˵ƽȴҡͷԸȻͻǡ
˵ţƽַ㳯ϪȥһĻȺĿ΢˺ΪԽȥ
ΪһԸ
ƽĻӦһ仰£ַĸܵ˱ϵһ⡣
̤Ϫ˵澹ɽ֮ʯڣ⻬羵ڵ֮ϣ֡Ϫɽˮݡľȫһ
˳ŻϪȥֻһӰվʯǰ·ڿ̻ʲôҲΪ̫רעԵʣȻûע⵽ƽַĵ
ƽַͷһЦ漴ת뿪ߣַ㣬Ҫ˵ʲôַѾˡ
ǻʹʱʵַѾ뵽ˣʹУֻںԼˣƽȫˣȻ
ַ̧ŲûзκεӰĳӰȥߵǰַ㿴˶ԷʯϿ̻ͼͷ΢Ĳ¡
ǲûϡһ漴̧ϸ֣ҪõͼĨȥ
ô𣡡
ͻأֽӲ˰УعͷַӰ˲¶ߺ֮ɫ
ַǴǽϵͼΣ̻Ĳͷŵַ˭
ַ㣬ôҶһôҲû뵽ַͻȻ֣⡢Ҳܾϲ
ʦġַӦƽˣⲻԶƽͶҶʲôϵ
ŶѹˡҶһҲ֪ƽᡣ
Ҷʦַһ
ʦҵգʦ̵ġҶشַȻѹƽ̤ʹ֮ʦƽĵλȻͰɡ


0355 ж
ңղЩӵܣȻ壬ɶƽмӣҲܿƽλĲ
ƽȻǳϲҶӰɡַа˵ȻҲ⽫Լͼǡ
ַ㣬һԼȥ
ʱһ漴ַͿԶһӰڿն𣬳Զȥƽ뿪ˡ
ַ£Цҡͷƽ˻ʳǵС
ҶҲƽȥӰһĨ֮ɫ漴ڵַ㣬һΣ
ұϡַЦҶĻܳɫ
УҶһ漴ַ㣬Ҵȥһط
ҶַһʯڵĶУַ߽㷢澹ж죬δ£õ÷ǳš
Ƭ̺󣬶Ҷַ˶ڵһ䷿䵱У棬żŮ㣬ƺŮĹ뷿
ַ㣬סĵطϲ徲ѡסûʲô˴šҶ˵漴ָָǽϵͼ
Щͼַһǽ֮ϣȻȫһӰͬһˣַ㡣
ЩͼַжʱЩζ飬Ҳԥϲŵ鹫ɡ
ַ㣬㿴ЩǲǱĻøáҶַ㣬ˮдżڴĹâ
ܺÿַӦ
Ҷ˸£漴ַرߣַ㣬Ĳ衣
⡭ַ¶һ˿֮ɫǶҶĹ뷿Ŵǹ˯֮أл˿˿֮£Щϰߡ
ַ㣬һںЩ𡣡Ҷ˵漴߿ȥַ衣
ַЦ£ЩæҵĶҶɵЦҡͷΪԼֵĻᶼٰɡ
̧ȥǽ֮ϾԼַ㲻ɵ룬Ҷÿ죬
ҶԼɡַߵҶߣӹҶеıӡ
ˣͿˡҶ֣֮ˮʱһеıµȥ
ҶæҪȥϲ豭ַȴֱӽֿסһ죬豭ѣҶȴ·ûֻǵͷֵֻơ
һѣαػȥӡַһԪ֮ӿҶ˵ĵطƽŽɿ
ƿ֣Ҷомʧ䣬ȴһĨõЦݡ
ǳȥ߰ɡַ㿪˵ڶҶĹ뷿УоЩֵֹġ
áҶӦ˵ͷһ̤˶
ַ㣬һ⣿
߳ҶƬַ̣һۣ˵
ʲô⣿ַҶмɻоҶĿƺм㡣
ַ㣬Ҷĺ˶·мֽţڹʵַ㣬İŮӣϲ𣿡
ַ΢΢һû뵽Ҷ⡣
ԣϲַ˵ͷûзϣǳĬıɽŮһֱĬĬվԼ󣬷·ԼӰӣһУΪԼȻڱģַ㣬ܹܵԼİ⣬ÿԼ˻Σ֮ʱ飬ͷųŭı亮⣬ԼҪں
Ѿ֪𰸣Ҷл̲סһĨʧɫ
ĬƬ̣ҶַϪˮ㣬һʯͷֱ
ԱߵʯӣҶϪˮУһֵĲơ
ַ㣬ȢӰɡҶһֲɢ
ᡣַĻشɿ϶ɴ࣬ȻȢΪޣİ飬Ҫɽ˺ģΨġӡ
ҸҶдżֿɬҲܺİˣһסճ䡢ϸˮ
ַĬȻ׶Ҷеİ֮˭ǽϵһͼѾ˵̫ණ
˵ϵأΪϲˣʹһУûйϵҶƺ漴Ŀתַ㣬ϣŲõЦݣ飬˿Ρ
ЩˣˣһźһȻˣΪβȥȡһء
ַ㣬Ըλסĵط֣Ը𣡡
Ҷᣬ𾪵Ļ³ȴôȻôƽ˵λ֮ʱϵЦݻôĲãʱ򣬰һУֻΪйĶ
ַ㲨ҲںݺݵĲ£Ҷ֮𣬱Էޣǧ谮Ϊַ㣬ҶԸϲļңλҪӵ֣ΪղѾ˵ˣȢΪޡ
Ҳ˵ҶԸûֵĸַ㣬֮ȴԸΪַ֮檡
飬ַģλƽ
ǲõЦַ촽˶Ȼ֪οڣ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
㲻ϲңҲԴߣҿԵѾ̴ӣźǡҶֲһЦ˲ãǡ
ַ촽£漴ַ֣ƹҶ磬Ľ§ţԴԼĻС
ƾҶòʣԼˮͶİ⣬˵ַûиоǲܵģѪֻǣַ飬ͰȢΪޣܶҶܸҶʲô
ܣַû뵽Ҷʲôֻ˶ѣԸ⵱ѾߣŮ
ַܵ㻳еůҶЦˣ绨ãȻõЦݵУһξӨ飬飬ԺңҲϸϸļʡ


0356 ͳ
Ϫ֮⣬ӰǻŲ֮ɫ
ûƽѾ뿪ôãȻһ˵Ե÷ǳŭƽ˵һƺȷˣ棬͹ദ
˭֪ʲôˣ˿ʵ꣬ǻʹˣ֮󣬻֮ӣûһƽ
ҶΪѡݵλòҶʣҲ׷˶Ҷʱգȴÿÿ棬ýȥ
һǻʹˡ˻Ӧ˵Ⱥͷǻʹ˵Ļһʶ
ȻǻʹˣҪÿ
һȺͳ̤һУַȴ͹ദ֪ʲôβŭ
ʱԶӰ߶ǰһˣʱȺˡ
Ϊ֮ͬһ꣬ĿĮ࣬һֳ֮Уڴͬһ꣬絶ꡣ
𣿡Ϊ׵߹Ⱥһƽȴ·̺һĨ֮⡣
ڣȰͳ컹ǲҪȥŲźáһ˿˵Ŀ΢ŶԷʲô˼
˵֮˸ܵԷе֮⣬ͷ΢ݣмη壬ΪʹľŴͳ֮һǾ߱һϵġ
ղһӽȥˣѾһʱ䣬ͳȥٴοڵĿ΢һâ
ŲǰֱӳϪȥɱס
ÿȴŭ⡣
ȺһĻ¶Цݣݲ츳ҲǿΪ˻ʹĽͳ죬ͳһ֧ǶҪ㣬ңҲϲϧҶǿϣҲһЩ
ǲˬҶȻַôã˴·Ҳܻȥ
˵ˣϣ˴Ůɲã䵭ĵ
ٲãͱӲˡĮڡ
ң
ʲôңӵ£Ҳ˵ҿˡĵ
ôĵʱһ֮ȺĿ⳯濴ȥ漴ǵһ
ҶӰڶҶһˣǸղŽȥַ㡣
ַվǣĿ⿴꣬ǿϢȴ˸еѹ֡
Уղ˵ˣ仰ַһĨɫ
ҶŶҶһĿº˼֣漴ַ֮ʱȴһ֮͵˳䣬ʵʲôˣ
ַ㲢δشĻĿ΢΢תǵϣ΢΢һȻ
ַ㡣Ҳַ㣬Ŀ絶񡢺䡣
ַ㡣ȺĿ΢ЩȻûмַ㣬ַ֮ȻҲ˵
ԭַ㡣ĮַɨţĿ͸ź⣺Ѫѣʲôʸվڹߡ
ַûп꣬Ժת꣬Ȼǵ£Ȼ˻ʳǣҲζţһյųǽ¾ߵˣܾܿǻʳˡ
ڵĵӣʱʳϵ
졣Ҷ輰ַ㣬ĵ˵û˭̤㾹ȻӲ
Ҷҵ˼ӦסӦ˵漴ٶַ㣺ҶѪȻ츳Щվһçô̤סĵطӰ
ҵ£òܡҶɫÿŭ
ֻվŮ˱𣿡ַһֱĬâ
ַüͷ֪ƽ뿪ַ޷ƽģǻʹЩ꣬һǻʹ壬λ߸ϣֶĽҶôܻ᲻Ϊ
ΣַŲǰ̤ͻأı÷Ŀڿײš
ҽʹͳ죬Ҷ֮ÿһˣӵк֮󣬻֮ӣһѪվòУʲôʸ񣬺ҶһʲôЩ˱ȡ
ϵ˵˽ͳ֮⣬һݣݣĶ˼֣ͿһֱΪǺͶҶˣַʲô
𣿡ַЦǵλ󣬺˲𣬵һǲҡ
˵
Ҷ˵Ըһˡַ㵭˵£Ŀ΢ͬʱֻҶߵַߣֱַۣһĻ˵ͫһΪŭ
ַ˵һĶǶҶģҶַ㣬Ҳûеġ
ҶҪС˻һçҪʸȨȻֶΣʲô㡣ŶҶȰһֻҪϲҿԸҪġ
𣿡Ҷʵ
Ȼͷ϶ĵ
ҪھʧǰҶ˵ĿһͣڣĿƿַϣöҶı⣬ôͻַ㡣
ַ㣬ٸһλᣬ뿪ҶҲ׷㡣͸żвĺ⡣
ַĿҲ䣬Ҷˣôվ
Ѱ·˵
ôãַüͷżְ⣬˵Ŀڿвϵײ
ãַ㣬ɸҽһȭĮ˵һȺаЦʲôֶַǸҽһȭҪзϡ


0357 ֮
̫ˡҶҪַһȭдŭ⣬ַģȴܵΪѣԽԽˡ
ҶЩΪ㣬ַ㣬ûʸһʲô㣬һ˼ǺšŶҶַɱ˶֮ӶκȻ֪
ַһƽ֮ˣûеλֻĲѣ⻹õļֵҲһַûüֵʲôǡ
ûбȴǿĳУַ㣬Լ޷οչ˶Ҷ
ⶼ޹ءҶ˵һ漴ַַ㣬ߡ
Ůôַ㣬ƽȴ˷̡
ַδֻǿĿƽĮŮ˱
ַ㣬ҪҶַûжһ˿֮ɫʵŴͳģʳǣ츳ϳˣַȻ츳ǿڵʵ»ǱҪһ
ңӵеģ츳ʵ⣬бַ˵Ҳܿ¡
ıܿ£ڶĶҪ֣۴һ棬Ҷϣַײ۽Σһַ㡣
Ȼַܲ
ŮˣҶȷַԼˣʲôԸҶֻп衣
վǣַƽĿĮĵһȭкβң
ţ£û뵽ַ㾹ȻҴӦ漴һĨЦ⣬ɢַ㣬ôĵӣ
ȺַĻҲЦˣǶΪַ㣬
Ŵͳ죬ÿһ˵ʵǳǿͳĵߣ侳أΪľŴͳ죬Ҳӵ侳صʵֲַܹ赲ġ
ܺãˣϧˡЦˣЦø䣬ַӦˣǳ嶯һȭ顣
ҶַӦɵ¶һ˿֮ɫҲûȥ˵ʲôַԸҲȰˣһȭһӵġ
ĿƿҶĿҲ񣬶ҶģҲɱǡ
ȷɱַ㣬һȭһҪַҲΪˡ
ҶûµġַҲĿڣŶҶһЦҶ΢΢ͷûٶ˵ʲôȻǺǿַ㣬ҲԲһȭɱַ㣬ҶԼţһ˼ַ֣ʵС
ˣ׼һȭɡ
ַͶҶ໥ӣвˬ͸ź⡣
һǿϢţԪ֮ӿϣһͼ֣ġ
侳أַܵϵϢĿ΢ʮңѾӵ侳صʵ츳ȷʵǿ
ȻַҲ֪½޾Ųַ֪㣬츳䲻Ҳ˵ûܱȵϣ츳õ˺ܶ࣬ң˻бõмĿҩԼԴͱߺܶࡣ
ַģúԼ츳̿ϵĳԽңͣϢ
ֻϣԪ˳䶯ţջȭͷϣȭͷõĵͺǿԵ֮⡣
Ȼÿֲ
ȺעȭͷŵԪɫȻһȭַϣ᲻Ὣַˡ
Բַ顣
뵱ˣҪۡȭͷǣַĿ⣬һȭַ㲻ܳܵ
ѾģҪַ㣬ŶҶ档
Ҫʵ߶Ҷַ㣬䲻ֻС
ַĬϣһ񱩳ȵϢͻأͷţķ֮⣬ſռ䣬˶ҪַԶһ㡣
Ԫ֮𣬻ȭϣַȭͷһŻ棬̫
Ҳ侳һΪϧ㲻ܽһȭеȼգ侳һΪ磬ֵܵ侳֮ȫһһȭԲֻ֣ǲҪַ
ַûҡġ飬ΨƬڰԼڰ֮Уڤ档
ϵԪӿţַȭͷӿȥѹ̣棬֮ɫֲĺɫ棬·޵׶Ԫ̫֮ңǰСް仯
ţʲô棿Ⱥַȭͷĺɫ棬¶һĨɻ֮ɫһŻ棬ϢȫƺַѹסȺоϢڻĿȶûУźɫĻ棬ƺܰ
ü漴Ȼ侳һصΪѣأкá
һЩص似ΣھԵǰκεֶζģ㣬ܽסһȭĮĿ˵Ҫַпη壬ַƽܷС
ȻʲôҲûпַ㣬ǰİΨԪɲϵĳӿݡ
棬ڰžһַı顣
ַɫԽԽڣĽŲǰһŭ𴫳·һͷ͵ޣϡ
𣡡
ȭͷȻ䳯ַ˳ȥɫ֮Ӱ͵ַ㡣
ҲͬʱַҲˣƽһȭֱǺɫĻʢĻţһڤļ֮⣬ڿռһ̣Ȼһ˵
ôᣬôܻ˿ֲϢ
źַֻŵڤȭϵʱ˲ڼĺ֮Ťʧġ


0358 µĵ
ڤ̫֮ˣȭϵپһȭܡ
ң⻹ûнڤǰֻȭͷСֱӺȭͷײһ
͡͡Ԫֻ֮Ҫһڤͱٻ٣ڰ޿赲

һʹĺ屬ˣ˲˺󵽾ַ㼸֮λãɫһҰס
ȭͷǣһƬ֮ɫϵļⲻϳ鴤ţƺǳʹࡣ
ˣһֱΪһȭԷַ㣬û뵽ַ㻹ܹȵܵǼͷŵĻڤϢ֮ѾˣǺɫһͽƶٽˡ
ȺһĻҲһĬЩʹ壬ȻַʤˣǻΪ֣Ȼַ㣬ʵǲ²ĽȻͬ
ַͷŵĺڰȭͷˡ
֪֮ûУôĶ֪ұҶܣ
ַĮһӲǣ岻סĲţʹǻ棬̫ˣԼ޷ָֻ糣Ҫҩˡ
ҶȥɣԼ뿪Уҿ˭Ұ벽ַعͷŶҶ˵ҶĬ£漴˵ͷСĵ㡣
áַŲĮĺâɨȺĿ֮Щ߰ĹӾֱַ㣬ƺЩԲλࡣ
ַĿֲʵɽסˣȻǵıλ򵥣ܹסĵģ޵ʵʵ㹻ǿ󣬾Ϳ֮ϣһޣһ˶ǿںŭֱˡ
ַ㣬Ⱥм߹û˸˭ַһŭ˺Ǻڰ֮գֱɱǡ
ЩղŻŵ壬ַ̤΢΢ˣʵ
ַ㿴ûпȺһۣĿǰƽȴ͸Į֮⣬ǰվŸղź˵Լ¡
Ŀ⣬Ķַ㣬͸Ŷ֮ɫûڶҶǰչʾԼǿ󣬽ַٵַˣ棬ǶˣһڶҶǰܷŭ͸ɱ⣬ɱַ㡣
ַ㣬Ҳܵ͸ŵɱ⣬Ԫٶתݣ֮У͸һĨĲļɫ
Ųɳǰַ㣬ô˹ȥƽȽͷţԽԽ
ַ߽㣬˿̵һǶַ֣ÿ
ֵַĻֵܷסǺɫ˸ղһڵѾûսʤַţڤ̫ˣղǷȭͷϣǷὫ
ǣսĻѵҪÿ𣿵˵棬ûʹĽͳ죬Ϊַ㣬ַ·
˵ĻϢܿͻᴫȥĻԻʹеȺҪгЦ
ַ㣬ˣֻ֮ңûг¾ģԥʱһ
ַߡ
˵֮ǶҶȻղһַʤɲԸַսĻַԾûкôʤܡ
ҶĻĿ΢漴ַ㣬˵ȻҶڣ֮£ұˣһȭ֮ޣұػᱨ
˵գÿˣַߣȻҶһ̨ףҲˣַսûаա
ַǸһ˿Цߣ΢΢ͣ£̵Ŀ⳯һۣû˵һ仰Ȼ̧Ų뿪
ǳ̵Цݣ΢΢鴤嶼΢΢һΣе˱
츳ʵǿ˾٣ΪıˣҲΪѣˣûô
İŮˣϲַ㣬ַ㣬Ҫϵַ㣬ȴַˡ
ŭǣַ㣬Դκһط뿪ûУƫƫվķ뿪
ַ㣬̫Ŀˣǹˡ
ɺޣ˿̻ԹԵÿˣӭ̵ַЦĮЦ
о˿Ŀ⣬Ҳỵ̂жҶƲ
ַ㣬̤ǰȥͷҲأУȴ·Ǹ߰ʤߵ̬
ַ㡣ͻȻĺһַŲһͣתͿһŭϣһ֮Ӱȥſ
ַȻתֱӻӳɫĻУ侳صǿߣַһ̶ûзɾ裬񡢵ȴԴ
ɫĻӰһУ֮ӰѣȻַͬܵһɿֲѹ֮ϡ
𡭡
ǰһͻأģһµ޳צӰ·Ҳʵַ㡣
սַ㣬ͷꡣ
٣
ַ˿ˣŲǰһ磬ɫڤ֮˳Ӱȼõܷա
˵嶼ţʱһޱȷĵ֮ţ貵Ĺ⻪˵ҫۣȺƬ̷Ӧֱӳַ㵱ն¡
һ쵽֮ƣֲޱȣһ·âһ
΢֮һӵǧֱ仯ǧٵ⡣
£Ѿãڳˣһ־ʯ쾪ȻҲַһ侳硣
ַܣ侳ǿߴߣ£ʱûа׶ɡ
ͻһַһӦǶ㿪һʱƿص̫ˣǳġ
£Ȼɱַ㣡


0359 ˭ܾ
գ±˫ΪڵţȻֻǺĵӵڶˣˣΪΪһ֮¡
Уߵģֻһ˳ݡŮĽ
ȻһУԴ̤ųַȫˣĽַ÷飬ҫȫַ㣬ʱ̱ȣҲһգѾַУ£ܲ͸ַ㡣
Դų֮¿޵սԼļޣÿһ죬ڱĥбǿĵ֮һ֣ǧٵӰΪһ壬΢΢¡
𡭡һֲŭצŲǰһ磬ѹַ㣬ַϾ˼
޳ܣ
Ҷ¾Ȼͻֶ֣Ըַ㣬ŭһ
µҲˣĽͳ죬ȻֶζԸַ㣬侳ؾ磬ַ磬̫޳ܡ
ЩӵҲһ㶣ΣɱַˣղųôĿӶ˼ˣһҪַ
ʱַֹˮƽЩ£еڤ֮ţڲֶԸµĵַ֪ʱңһң͸Σա
ԺԵ侲ΧһУޱȵĳ֣硢֮켣ޱ
Ų΢ַ嶯ˣվ֮أһӰ
ַ㣬ŲƵķΧ΢Сеڤ֮ɺš
ûַֻһӰΣǵֻնַ㣬ַԲַĸܵ
ţÿ졣
Ⱥ΢ַ㣬ܵúþ׼µĵȫ׷ַӰӰ֣ܿ׼ޱȡ
Ҳ£ַ㣬ںŵʱ򣬾Ȼܶɱ֮ȻԽԽǿˡ
ϵɱȴ˿
ַŭһƽųĿĹ󣬽ŲȻһ棬¡ϵʯѣϵı
ͬʱַĽŲǰһ磬ѣַתƵĺֱӳ»ӳµĵײһֻ˲䣬Ǳѩĵϣȼ˺ɫĻ棬Ļ棬治ҶϣֻһɲǾµУµֱֱۣȼ

ǣ
ִһ·ģĵֱӱԪ֮ӿֱ۵Ļ棬ȻмĺɫڴţֱۣΪڣġ
ĺεȵǿȻܸ֮ߣΪԶ侳صȭͷ˲ٳɽڣֱ۱٣Ѿˣǣû֪·ʱ
ǵڶĹַϣַˣַղת£룬ֱ֮ӽַϣַƺһѪҺ
ַ㣬ÿµʵȺ΢΢ַ̣㣬ȻݵײַҲԿˣַԵ侳ǿߵͻȻϮһ侳صĿֲǿߡ
£ַµһֱۣȺо
Ǻ֮𣬺ÿֲһ٣侳£ֿûУۿԼֱ۱ٻ٣ңղŲǿԪնֱλӽ磬ֱ֮ϵĲλҲܵǣ
ʱµڲţʹĲš
ͷĿͨһƬǽڵֱۣµһĹâ
зһ˻µ̧һĨâֱնԼֱϣڵֱֱۣѽڣ˵ϣȺģ̲ס¡
ϱۣ£ֱӽԼٻٵֱնˡ
úݵˡ
նԼֱۣҪֱѾˡ
ַ㡣
Ҷ嵽ַߣַĲ԰׵ɫ¶ֵ֮ɫ
û¡ַҡͷ鸡ϢȴȻƾһսڤĵƣʵԷ࿹⣬һƣܵˣȻǳ
Ҷȡƿ˼ϴθַùһεĵҩȻַιȥ
ַ㿴Ҷģ΢΢ҡͷҶֵҩһ㹻ˡ
˵ţַйһҩȻ£ϴһϢţָƣ鸡ϢҲƽȡ
ڤɲôõģҪԽǿҪԼȫԪ뵽ȥڤ֮Ҳ˵ǿֲĺȫԪǸղ̫ΣգܽӳȥԼԪ״̬¡
ЩԼҶƿַУҶеɫַЦŵͷװŵҩĴƿ
һߵ˵ȣɫӵѿȻ֪ǴƿװŵʲôƷʥƷҶôַ㣬ɼҶַ㣬жôĹС
ƺǸܵϵɱ⣬ַ㽫ҶԼ̧ͷĿ¶ˡ
ַ͸ŨŨķ̣Įĵҽһȭҽˣ֮ȴսȴӱ͵ϮĽͳ졢áܺãȻ
̵ַɫӲǳѿղţȷʵ͵Ϯַ㣬һһ˶ˣûʲôԽƱġ
Ŀתַµϣɱ˸
ӣһΣҿ˭ܾ㡣
˵գַĽŲ̧𣬳̤
նֱ۵£ǺݺݵһĿĶųַ㣬һΣַҪɱ
˵ղַûִ㣬ǰַͻɱ֣Ȼ׵ļŭַ㣬ַ㣬Ҫȡ


0360 
µĽŲ΢΢˲ַ㣬Ŀ䣬Уȴо⡣
գַĶ֣죬ǵΪ󣬶侳һأңƾĵԼĵ֮磬侳ǱȽǿģȻַ㣬ûаš
ڣȻַ֣ȫʢʱڶǣο˿̻ϵһֱۡ
ţüͷһ壬ֻµĽŲˣȻҪӻ
ĿһۣˣˣΪ£ı
µ츳˽⣬ǿ־㣬ԵҲǿ֮ģҲὫҵػʳǡ
ˣϣ¾ôԺĵ·ϣҪһҳǿ¸һ
ȻֱӳΪһ֧ǿ죬ȻԼеûоԵʵЩˣѱס
Ų˶ǰһ磬վµǰ棬Ŀ⣬ַ㡣
ҵˣ㲻ɱ
ַ㣬Ŀ
ˣ㲻ɱַǴһĨϷ֮⣬Ц֮
Ԫ֮ӿϢٶȸַ֣ƳɫĻǣġ
ĿⲻĿǺɫĻ棬ĿһĨɵ⣬ַ֪ɫģֻ侳һΪֲĻ棬ܹ˲侳صǿߡ
Ȼַ֪еڤ֮Ǻεȵַ㣬շ쾭β֮޻𣬽֮ΪԪȻڤ棬ԪΪĺɫ֮ܲǿ
Ȼַ侳ã֮ľԽһݣͨ侳ܱȵġ
ַȽĲ˸ַ㣬һǰ
ռ䣬žΨַĽŲ
£վеѹ֮һ˳е
ડડ
͸ղһַ㣬Ĭǰ粽ûκεĻΨѹֵϢڿռԼȼŵĺɫ档
һ޵ɱ⣬ַͷţҲ£һ
òã
û뵽ô죬Ҫͬѡַ㣬һѡ
һεַ㣬Բղǰ⣬ãͿһսãַ㣬Ȼɱ¡
ʵڲǰÿֶַ֮㷢˹Ϊܲסѹֵŭ裬ܲЩӵˣ±ٻٵֱʱţҪַŭ𣬱ҪصĴۡ
ҪΪҲҶ㣬֮ӶκҲɱˣȻɱΣվأŭңַɱˣüƺ
ԥ֮ʱַУ³һֱӲоЩ䣬ַĻһҷĵ
ַͷŵɱ⣬ԽԽֲ·Ҫ³ɫĻûа㶯Ϣйû˸һŻڱ֮ʱ׷ɱͽ侳ǿߡ
ĽŲ£򵥵һѾ֤ͷģһζҡ
¶һĨ֮ɫ£һηˣ̶̲ʱ䣬ظͬη壬ԼҪŭһ޷ֻϵӦĵ
ʮŲַֻ֮ңֻҪַһ󲽣ֱӵǰ

һͳַ³ٶһŲˡ
˵棬ٴˡ
ַֻ߲ʣ߲֮ңֻ̧𣬺ɫĻҡҷڤ֮Ρ

г³΢˵һԣ޷ټסֻǱַϵɱǹµѹ֮ˣܲס
һĻΧȺһڶκ˶ܣӴ֮󣬿ϵǰôƽ̹ˣħѾַ㣬ħţصĻܴӴһ겻
ַ£ٴԶûǰϵĺ⣬˲ȫϣ»ӲޱȣĿ˿˿Ķַ㣬к⡢Ҳη塣
˵죬ûܾ㡣
ַϣɫϯַ㣬ûʹú
ˣ
ˣ˺˲䣬ַӰϮȥɫߴֿ쵽£˲ͽµסһ޴ɫߣµϣ嶼С


0361 
֮Ҳտɱȣӵӱ棬ߡ
Ϊһ֮󣬾޴ͫſǣ˫޴ͫףֻ̫ǿһۣͻ˾Ķǡ

±˫ϡס֮ţֻŭһͷųĵ⣬ХµĻǵ塣
㻹𣡡
ַ³һŲǰһ磬ֱ̤ӳ߲Ƶ¶ȥĺɫС
¿ַźŭһǺĿֲѾ̹ǺӡϣԻֱӽɱ
Ȼʱַͣ£ûɱ֮ģҪȻˣȻ顣
ƻľַԽԽ
£ˡ
Ⱥǻĺַһˣɱַ㣬»Ҫַɱ
ɡַ³֣ɱ
ң
ַҪɱµʱԶһޱȾ޴һɿֲĵڿռַסһ̵ַ͸оԼڵУıֳһ侳ǿߣꡣ
ֲĵһ˲ͽ٣ַ˫һһâղλã˺ſռ䡣
ѡ
һâڿռţնڲϣʱ˻漴ߴ֣صַߡ
վһƬɫӵյУַ㸩£ֻһ絶̧̤ͷĿⶢ졣
Ǽ
ַ³һĮ
ǵģǼ̧ͷеַ㣬ͬĮ
ˣųг֣µˣ֮ǰַһԵǱ֮
ò˵ʵǿ˼ַ֣ǣҲǻʳˣҲ֪ǺݣȻ˻ʳǵС
ͳ죬㱻ƭˡ
Ŀ⿴˵΢΢£ַƭˣ
⣿Ŀ΢΢ʵ
ʹõĻȫԪΪۣղţѾʹùһκԪɢȥ룬ô̵ʱڣѾ˸ղֲĺˣ˿еĺֻǻ˵Ķѡ
ӿĵͳ죬սʤ㣬ԣҲսֻǸʩѹ㡣
ӵĻͫһĶַ㡣
ܡܡ
ɫ԰ףûΪԷĻ˷ܣǲϵҡͷַסˣ
ַ㣬ûкһսƾƣͽסˣֵַûУкĿˡ
һ¸ղŵһУӵĻпģַ侳һؾʵʹǰǿĻۣܲңַҲȷʵһֱûкս
ǲǣ
̧ͷŭַ㣬Ŀ
ַ㸩һ˿ŨŨķ֮ɫȷ˵ģʵǿֲĺԪԪȫΪڤ֮𣬽ΪڰղǶѾùˣԪľ޴ȻָƣԪ֮ô̵ʱڻָ
еĺֻ˵ģиղǶ
ַ㳯ӿȥĿ΢΢ӵʵҲϵҪ͸ˣңղһֱߵһС
ע⵽ַͷ£ģ˵Ļģַ㣬Ԫľ޴޷ۻܻսʤǣˣַֻƣͽˣסң
޹⡢޵ݡ
ԣһֳ裬޿Ĩȥĳ衣
ͳ죬ӵ侳Ϊʵ츳ҪɾһҵģȻҪɾʹҵܲһ־ĥ£㲻ܱҪӭѶϣƿԼıüִ͡ţĥͳ춼ҪֱܲϣϾ츳ǿˣҲվбǿߡ
Ŀⶢ˵
·ඥӵڲųһУƺڹҲԷҪܵ尾ĥ־
ַҲӣˣõ˵꣬侳ʵ츳ǿģҲĵһš͡
ܽˡ
ӿĵûǹɷߺޣǱ࣬ȷʵ̫˳ǿ츳Ľı֮;һƬ̹˵ûоʲôĥѣЩսҲǼٵģЩˣභ㣬¡
£ĥڶʱڿ֮
ΪЩԸ񣬽ҪģһҪõַܲ㣬ֻͷƣͽˣ㣬ַ㶼Զ
ү󣬾ȻԽΪеһԱ
ӿһûгƺΪͳ죬ǡү
ʹȥͳְ֮ƽ˵ǰһֱͳְ֮ΪΣһѣһַ㣬ս
תַ㣬˵֮£ûнַ㣬һġ
˵գտ粽Ȼֱ뿪ûȥַˣûпҶһۣԽıʲôʸ˵ϲҶҶ
ô뿪˶£ӣµҲߡ
áµͷӦַһۣȴʱַɫĮĵߣ˵գ˭ҲȲ㡣
ţȺĿ΢̧ͷַ㣬ַ㣬Ҫɱ£
ɱ£


0362 ɱ
һӣҲַ㡣
Ԫô󣬲۸ղǻĺڰҪǣ㣬ˣ
Ӷַ˵Ȼսۿۣ侳صΪַҪԸɲô򵥡
ҳϣҵԪĺܴ۲˸ղǰǿĻ棬ǣ£ȻɱһΣ赲ңһһΣҲͬݡ
ַĿӶԷеĺ֮𣺡㣬Ҷ𣿡
㡢Ҷ𡭡
ڿռȺ㶼ַ㣬ַ㣬̹׵ĳԪģ߶ԷǣҪɱ£ӣҲҶģģַɱ£ģַ㣬úڰ֮Ը
ĿĶַ㣬ģȥģַƭսлɱַ㣬ַĻ֮Ȼ㹻ɱôĵĽ־ͺܿ
ҳǸ˲ţ룬ǿԻΪѣƼȥһطѩ¹ӵȨκˣѹ㡣
ӿַ㣬˵ַɳ̫ˣ츳»Ҫúܶ࣬ѵõģַ㣬־Լܱȵģһ˵ľԼйء
ӵĻȺ΢΢һƼַ㣬ȴһطȺȻеĵط֮ء
ַ㣬ȴǲмκ˲ѹ㣿
ַûв´Ļ£ҲҪȥǵطģʵʵ㹻ǿҪӻ˭
һУʵͱȻܵ衢ģǿߣſԲѹȣΪΪ
ַ㣬ģ޾ǣ޹ңأκԼ֮µûˣѹ
ַҲĮĴ½ҪһУΨеõǿʵϳ֮۷̤صĵسɺ顣
Ӣһŭһɱһˣ˭˭Ҫɱɱ˭
ַʵ޷أ٣Լ衣
ų֮ʱ¾͸߰ޱȣʵãڻʳǣ£һɱɱ£ַ㣬Ĳ죬±
ǸûȤַ³һĮĻϵɫĴֲΧޱȡ
ַľܾɫһûȤΣ˵˾ܾ̤ʥĵطǰܾˣҪ׷ݵʮǰˣɾޣһˣ顢һˣ񶼲ֻ֪֪ӵ˫ꡣ
ʱᣬûе֮һֱ̤ǵطȴûʸ
Դ̤ǵط󣬴û˾ܾǧټ̤Уַ㣬ܾˡ
ˣַ㣬ɨһ֮һοˣûٿˡ
Ų꣬кڰַ㣬ȥٶȲ죬ÿһޱȵȽ
һΪԼȴķַ֣㣬Ҫɱ
Ŀ⿴ӣµ¶һĨϣ֮ɫֻҪϣڶԷϡ
߹£ҪΪһԱôһ
ַ㣬֪ܾʲôǷ֪Ҫɱˣ˭
Ķַ㣬в˵
Ҳֻ֪֪Ҫˣɱַ³һ
ѩ¹ػߣ˵𣿡
ӼִַԲŭһţҲ˵㹻κˣȻҲַ㡣
ػߣַ£û˵ֻ֪ػѩ¹ʮ£ȴǰҵ³ѩ¹ػߣַУЦ
ַ㻹֪ӿеѩ¹ػߣָѩ¹֧صľţԵ߸ѩµǿš
˭ִܹ֧ţѩ
£ҪͻҪΪеһԱɱɱѩ¹δػ֮ˡӼַͣ٣˵Ŀⶢַ㡣
ַͣڿУĿ˸£漴ַ촽΢΢䶯ˣſ죬˵ѩ¹ػ֮ˣַ㣬йϵ𣿡
˵գַŲտ˲ϢǰһĻĿⶼ
ѩ¹ػַ㣬θɣ
ŭһɼϢȺֻӰµ屻߲סȻյУһܶٽţַŵĻ棬µϣпᡢĮ

һʹĺдʹȺĶĤĻȼգ˵ϣ˲ϢһƬڡ
յУȻŵģȴֻп£ʧˣ׵׵ʧΨвҽ֮ڿռơ
ַվǣżĻ棬ĿĮûκСȻҲ
תĿ⣬ַٴϣֻĶĿ⺮ޱȡ
˵죬ûܹһΣܻеڶΡַ³һӣɱ㣬ҪΣ
㣬ҪΣ
ַӣ㲻ɱһɱˣҪΣ
ʱַźڰǹɺڰѾûиղǰ㴿⡣
ӵɫòַ㣬ΣΣ
ѿ£´ʳǣ£עδѩһԱǣַ飬ǽɱˣѩѩػߣһУַ㣬θɣ
ѩػǻһҶѣַɲô޴ѩ¡ڻҡ
ΪյΪڡַãӵ³һ仰ɱѩԤԱҵַ㣬Ḷ۵ġ
սַ㣬ս͹ַûԷķϻѾ̫˵ڣȻˣ;ڣһУֻѭġڱġ


0363 ɽ
ս㣬ս͹
ַվգĿֱӣ㻳ҵʵǾսġַ㻹ûһս֮
ӿַһۣ漴ֿһ۶Ҷ˾ϣΣ£Ѿˣַɱı䲻ˡ
ڣַսַ滹пֲսʱַ治Ź磬ַƣʵѾǿ֮ĩѵɱַ㣬һ㶼˼Ҷɱַ㣿
ҲҪˣַ㣬Ƕĵˣ㹻ʵԶã򣬾
ԣַܿ㣬Ժڵġ
ԺټġӶַ㵭Į˵һ漴˸Ƭ̣ӰʧȺ΢΢̡
£ӣλǿ侳ǿߣҪϵַ㣬ɱַ㣬֣ߣ£
ʶҶϵ꣬򵥣츳еҪֲˡ
ַĿתɨ·Ⱥһۣʱ˵ͷ΢ݣȻ뿪ˣܿ죬ʧ
ֱʱַŴнڵϣһ³û˷񣬶Ǵƣ֮ɫ
ۡʱַ㣬ۡ
ڤԪûɣʹΣһΣڤ˦ȥԪȫĵڶΣҲͬľ޴ַѾоԼ֧ţ侳ΪҪսַ㣬ʤ㣬˵ĵҪֲ
ַ㡣Ҷַߣַɫ΢Щ԰ףһ˿ɫΣΪַŻ
ģҺܺáַŶҶ͵һЦöҶ¶һ˿˿˵ɫַĿмԹ
ҪˣȥɡҶַ˵һַ΢΢ͷãùʹ
ʹޱߣסйǧۺϵĹǧͨĵǲס֮ˣдСɽİദһƬʹһ硣
ңˣʹжԵ÷ǳɽˮ˵ĻСȡɽԶżܿȺУȻżȻ·䳡УַܹһЩдսʵеǼٶеģս
˿ҶǷǳ𾪣ҶȻһһ𣬶ңҶˮƺ顣
Ϣ˲ڻʹ˲СĲ
Щַ㶼
ַ㣬㿴ɽ֣סǡ
ʱҶָָһɽأ羰ɽ֮£һƬ֮ɫһѡ˳ƶ£
ڲƽɽϣһйһڿյľ޴յأյ֮ԣŵٲֱ£֮Уִż׳
õط
ַ㾪̾һԸΪңȫΡΰĹޱߣֱУԵʹסȷܣƶԼҶ˵סĵطģӵһɽΪйҶסһƬϪֵС
ǺõطԺҿܾͿƬˡҶдżį漴Ц£ʲôϵأֻҪַڣͿˡ
ڴʱҶоһֱֻֽۣ漴һֱůĴֽס
΢Ĳ£ҶĿ⿴ַ㣬ֱַֻǰǳǳЦݡ
ҶϣҲ¶ǳЦǰЦݸĲãҶС֣Ҳֱַۻζ
ӡ˵ϣѵꡢʸ߹ȴ紿ŮˣٲΪֳһĻ档
ַϴһ˿ºЦ⣬Ҷڻʹһˣ֪ͶҶĹϵˣҶҪܵѹ֪һŮŮǸ߹ĹΪַ㣬ԼĵλԼסļңԼһ
˳żɵĹַ㣬ܹ
ʱԶɽйٲԣӰǣˣͬһݵꡢԼһòŮ
ţҲַͶҶˣɵĿ΢
ƯŮ꿴ŶҶʸ߹չ֮ϣȴִ˲õЦݣ
ԵʦãѾǾɫͶҶһȣƺ˼֡
漴Ŀֻתַϣַ֣㣬м졣
ʦãǷ
üͷ΢΢£˵
ŮȿҲǶҶûעַ㣬ҶомֲǸղſʦֵ
ĻŮҲַ㣬ȷʵмϤȴЩǲ
ѽ
յУһֱӥХ£ļͷ
ӥ֮ХʱַͶҶ̧ͷٲԵĿյȥַ΢΢£漴ĿУһĿĹ

ַɫ꣬ȻûмԷֻƾӰԼͷӥѾϳ˶Է
һգųǻݳǣҪ֮ʱӰӥͷϿӹ漴ݳǣĵɱ˼ʮݳǵľʿԵĮ
ңһ仰ַҪʳ
ַ㻹ļǵ֣죡
ţע⵽ַеķƺżɱ⣬üͷøˡ
϶ַ㣬ӦûмȴϤżƳĵܣѱ䵱С
֣ôˣ
ʱٲԵĿյ֮ϣһ͵漴ĵӰҲ˿յرԵԶӰ
ȻöҶַ㡣
ʱַ֮䣬ƺЩԾأ


0364 
£ǶˣǺˣ
ŶһҶʸšòף֪˭ַ㣬Ŀ񣬾¶ɱ죬֪ͬԷ˭
ŮҶ˵һĿ΢£ѹӵʺòˡ
ŹòˣһȻǷ췢ĵĵҶòȷΪľ
ֻǣ͹һˣ֪Ǻˣ
˵ţĿ⿴ģַͶҶĽŲ̤ӰԽԽϤĸоҲԽʢ
ûмַ㣬ȴоϤ
ĪҵĴ
аԼ漴ͷֲ²⣬޵ֱǳ侳ǿ޸ǣܻġ
ǡĸҪڡ
Ǽģ
ԶҪ˵Ļֻ·ַɷǳĮˣͶĵĶԻַܹ
ǺϤ쿴·Ӧһˡ׾һʱ޷ĳ͸
Ȼ϶ʶҡַĮ죬Ͳʶȴݳǻַ㲢⣬ַǼʮΪĿּɱˣЩʿΪַ
㲢ûпҵı࣬Ҳǵһο㣬Ҳ㡣ַż˿⣬ڵطϴݳǡ
ݳǣüͷ£ݳǣֻһСǣݳԺм䲻ֻ࣬һ֡
㡣һĿбһâݳǵӡֻǵһַ֣㡣
ˡַĮʹУ£ʱּ죬һڶĵйС
ңȻ򵥰
졢ַ㣬Ѿʶʡҽˡ
Ĳַƺлײɵ͵ЦһҪѹֵջ⡣
ѽ£Ҫƾ仰ô
Ȼܣַ㣬֮£ΨѪԽǼʮʿֻܲ
Ŀ⣬ڿײޱȡ
ԵŮҲַ㣬Ƿݳǵ꣬Ҳô򵥰Ȼ͹һ𣬶ңƺģϵҲԭΪַֻڶģŲ˳Ѫľλ
ַ㣬϶ǲܺʦȡ
ʦֵ츳˽⣬Ҫǿܶ࣬˴ʳǣȻҪûʳǶʶǶˣʳǶչǵ
Ҷַô
ĸоռ쳣һοڵһΣڶԶҶ˵
ĶҶĿ⿴ģַʹ
ȥɡº͵˵ַַ֮䣬ȻгԹһ𻹲һᷢʲô
Ҷֱַ㣬ַ㵱ȻҲ֪ĵ˼Ŀ⿴죬գĺܴ󣬲ʺսңĵӣҪģϾĵݺʵҲٴΡ
ĿǰԣĶַ㣬ǿˣ㲻ѣַҲԸΪˣĴˣܿ£һǶҶ׸磬ַ㵱Ȼվڶ档
ˣ۴ķԣַ㣬նս
ʳˡ
ַô죬ڿ˵һ΢΢Ȼַ֪˻⣬ݳǷ뿪֮ʱԵҪ𣬾͵ʳ죬ڣַˡ
ΣӦһĿ⣬˰Ȼ񣬺ַײ죬Ȼһַɱݳˣ͸ûηУǿַģһѣǰôܳţЩɱĽʿУǲݽ桢ϡ
ЩʿѪһֻء
ַ㿴ƽĮݣôûа㲨
һȺϣɱҲɱˣʲôáĿУŲмַԼЩȥʿĲм
ʮѣܺȡ
ֻأһҾ˵ڻʳǵ㣬Ҫծʱ㣬ȻǰӵʱҲ顣
߰ĸ¿յַ㣬ÿһ仰Ǳַ㣬Ʋַ㡣
ַ㲩֮ʱƲԲŻݳǵһĻַ㣬ȵʸûУʲôʸܵ
οַ㣬˸߰ĹҶĻģ죬ַ㣬Умּʵĳɷ֡
šַ˵һ˵գĽŲٶȿûͣͶҶһ뿪
ַͶҶܿʧ
Ŀ˵ıĿ˸΢ЩƣôҲûϵַ㣬Ȼ³ޡ
ҵšвܾû˸ôˣȻȣ͵š
ѪַѣΪ˸ӣֱӶַ֡
ַ㣬ǣʲô𣿡ҶַڻҵУ̲סеĺ棬Ҷַһ
УҺǼ䣬ûκεĳԹìܣǰҶʶǶˣǶˣҲʶңǵݳǵʱ򣬻ҵĵܣ˵Ļұˣ죬ɱݳǵĽʿһ仰תַ㣬Ҫ𣬾ʳ
ַ㻺˵͸ż˿ŭԩ޳ȱɱѪʿ˳ޣܲ
Ȼˣ죬һҪڻʳǣΣͶ죡
˵գַһɭɱ⣬һʱ˸ֶΣΪʳзƱãַ䲻ܰȺۣҲϡ


0365 ʦ
ҶַܵϵĮɱ⣬Сַֽƣȴһ˿͵Ц⣬ַȱٽԼĽڻˣʵˣ츳׿ԽԺգĿˣ˵ġ
Ҷַ㣬ȻʱʱԵĮӽһɱһˣȴɴ֮ģҲΪѪʿǿҵɱ⣬ڴ½ϣкܶ˵ıԶɱ֮Į飬֮ҲȻҪγԼ
㣬ַҲᣬѩµĽ顢Ϊۻɼģжô
ʲôϵأ㲻䣬ҵĲ䣬͹ˡҶЦ£ƺڸƽַеĮ
ҶЦݣַָһͣʵҶΪҹӴıƣĶթֻ
ǣҶЦ˴ΪԼմЩΨġ䡣
һַֻĸ¶ҶǴգöҶɫߺ죬ֻоЩ̣Դ΢΢¡
ַ㣬رģ䡣ַ㻺˵ƺںͶҶ˵ƺôĮɱˣɱģֻǿɱ֮ˡ
ַ㣬ˣҪô츳ڡҪôӵǿı߶УԼλŮֵܹܻɽǿ϶ͨˣҪСġ
Ҷƺ뵽ʲô̧ͷַһܹ̤ɽˣûǼ֮
סַ˵ͷɱ죬⣬Ůӵ侳Դ󣬱ʵ϶ңԷܵĵַ㣬죬ͨˡ
ҪɱԷҪΪһ
Ҷַ߱ţ֪˶ãѾ߳˻ʹ
ʹΧһĺԼһƬï֣ΨмһĴʹ˲ַ࣬ͶҶ߳ʱֻ˼Ӱڴ߶ţ⣬һͣǣƺڵˡ
Щ߶Ⱥϳ˶ҶһɫȻǳĶŶҶ񣬿ַĿ˺棬ҶӦš
ַǰûжֻһӰԣԵøɢ۾Ǳŵġ
湻ġʱһֻǿԵ˸³һ
΢΢ǰ㣬תӣַͶҶ˫Ů˰ƯŵЦ⡣
ʰѩ
ַĿ΢΢£꣬еľȱʧ¶һЦ⣺þò
þò
ʰѩҲЦ£漴վñֱһɷޱȵϢͻȻڿռţַͷһֻŮ˰ƯһӰ˲䳯Ŀ⼫ַԽԽ
ַ£漴ͬһĹâŲһ̤ʰѩȥ
ʰѩͺһָ罣һָ¶ޱ
ַ̫³һͬһָʰѩָ⣬һĽԼȵĻ֮⡣
͡͡
һɿֲϢһϣַʰѩָײﾹðһɵĹ󣬿
ַ˵ֿʰѩȻվԭأַ㡣
侳ˡַ㿴ʰѩЦ£ôòʰѩҲ̤侳磬ַ㲢û̫⣬һѧԺʱʰѩΪͱߺܶ࣬뿪ʳǵʱʰѩΪǱߡ
ʱַ֮ͬʱ˲лΪɵ侳츳Ͳʰѩ̤侳ȻҲ
ԣΪԼ˺һľ磬ַȺܶ˶ǿ츳ַڳƲϾʰѩЩˣǸţ츳ַ
ȻָΪϵ츳ټϸֶΡƴʵʵսַ㣬Ҫǿˡ
侳һصѾĨɱ侳صǿˡ
ԣ侳ˣջ˵ѾһѧԺһˣһǶģղţαҪӡ
ʰѩЦ˵ղ˶ݼײд裬ʵѾˣַ㲢δָĽⲻңһɿֲ֮⣬ַ㼰ʱ֣ҿˣӡ
ңַЦ£мֺĿʰѩղʰѩһ־ȻǼһʹ⣬ƺڵһ
ԡ㡣ʰѩ϶ĵ˵ͷַɻˣʰѩô֪ʹ
ʦģҶڣɱڻʹвܵѣң˻ʹɧŵʰѩַеɻЦŵ
ʦ𣿡
ַ۾գ£ʰѩԶҶĳƺƺ˺Ϥ
ַ㣬ѩʦ֡ҶַЦַһȻ˹ԭˣʰѩͶҶȻʦãǵʦҪ˵ַ㵱Ȼףƽ
ʦ֣ʦοûв¶ԣַ㣬ڻʹһЩ鷳ҶЦ£ƽİѾܵˣ仯ԶǺͻȻġ
鷳Ҷڣ˸Ϊַ㲻ɣʰѩƯ¶ɻɫ
ַ㣬Ҷ
ʰѩͫһѹˣַ㣬ȻǼһĽҶȻ֪Ǽһ˭Ӷġ
ûΪַ㣿ʰѩɻӣŹַŶԡ
ҶЦҡҡͷԵַ㣬ȴַ㻺˵սһûˡ
սһʰѩƽƯһַ㣬˵ĺɣǼһʲôʵַ㣬Ȼսһ


0366 ɽ
ԣս֮뿪ˡַ˵漴Ŀ⿴Ҷ
ҺͰѩһ뿪Ȼȥɡ
áҶɵĵͷ漴˫ַ˫֣ԵЩᣬԺСĵ㡣
İɡַһЦ漴ҶֻɿŻʹȥʱ̲סͷһۣ·ַһоͻܵһ
һεõַŵǸоʧȥΪ̫ںԺʧȥ
ַһֱ΢ЦţֱҶӰʧŻعͷֻʱʰѩϴż飬ЦЦĿַ㡣
ղַ㣬ʵ֮ΪһѧԺһˣȺݣңõģһа
Ϊʲô
ַ㽫ʰѩЦݸֱˣֲַŮӣʰѩһ
˭֪Ƿʦ˽ʰѩЦ˵ַ㷭˷ۣṳֱ̂
ʰѩǰ˦ʱǰС
ʱգȥˣַڼʰѩԣһ
ɽ۽塣ʰѩ˵һչһʱգֱ侳߶
ɽ۽壡ַ૵ڻʳǶһ嫵ɽͺڷһޱ޼ʣɽһͷѩһȡ
ַ㻹˵ǿ¼ңھɽһɽֵУʰѩеĹ۽壬ɽеһ߷塣
ԣ۽壬ʺϽޣ۷һʱգڽϵҲ˲٣лᣬҲȥ
ʰѩַһʳеһЩǿޣϲ۽˵Ҳʺ϶ȥڽȴûͻƵȥ۽壬ͻƽ磬ȥĴˣĲȡ
ȻҲҥ
ȥַͻȻ˵ʰѩĿһ͡
ڣʰѩƳԴƯӿַ㣬ѯʵ
ԣڡַ϶ĵͷʰѩһַͣ㣬ַֻĿһܼᶨ
ӣ֪ˡ
ʰѩƵֹһ漴Ȼһޣһ򣬳ŻʳǵĶ񱼶ȥ
ʳǣޱߣʰѩһ·񱼣ڻʳһƬֱڶ峿ŵɽ
ǰޱ޼ʵɽʰѩ˸м⣬ۣ񱼡Ƭ̶ͣϢЩĥ˰
ٿַ㣬ʰѩֻѾǰɽžâǳ
ַһɽͺڷͬΪɽȴŲͬľ¡
ڷ룬ֶ࣬ûǰľɽͣߵ޴󣬲ƬɭȴǳŨ
ˣв˳ɽУ޶ԣɭ֣ð֮أΣգҲŻɭ棬ͨ޲Իս顢ĥԼ־ս̶ȣͬʱɭУżһЩ
ˣȻɭΣأǰ̣С
۽壬
ַʰѩʵ
һֱɽֱߣ֮߰ͻ֪ˡ
ʰѩǰĮ˵һ漴ҸմطͲȥˣټ
˵գʰѩתӶеĳޣŹһ𽥽Զȥǳѡ
ַ㿴һʰѩıӰܿɰļһѲ
ʰѩͬһ츳ǣȴЩһһͷ·һȣȫչ¶·±˲֪ʵжǿĵλжһ
ַܿתžɽп粽ȥʹһΪ
ϾĻʳǷ粨ӿַҲ²ٳңҪԿġҪɱ죬ЩҪǿʵ֧ţʰѩ˵۽ԥֱʰѩ
Ľ˽һ˽һ綼ûг׵ȹ̣ο˽һ֮ϣȻиǿľ磬ֻûдѡ
ɽڣϿյⱻһƬƬڣ̫ĹֻܴһƵķ϶͸
СǰţΧĻܡ
С㣬ѾɽʮˣĻͿܻһЩޣҪСˡڷõһλһ
֪õ˵ͷȻмֵӣΪ˸׵ĲҪǰģһҪҵݲС
С㣬еĻǾͷɣүģݡôҵ̾Ϣһݣ̺Ӵ֮ԪΪŨ֮أһ㶼ֻԪݣֱԼֵõǣҲ类Ūˡ
ҡҡͷҪܡ
ݣַֽŲһͣݣݣֱӷþͿ׳Ϣ޵Ϣǿ಻ʹʵǿ⣬񵤵ҪҩУҲоݡ
ַ㣬ûǱĵŮأžݸԭѡ
һ۷ܵĻַüЩЩʵڻŮİȫһЩ˵ȴа⣬̰ĶŮȵߣ⣬Ůоַĸоô
ַֻһˣҲù֮¡
ַ̤ŮߣЩ߶һַ㡣
˭߻ڷõǰ棬Ŀдż־裬ھɽУһЩɱС޶ȡ䱦żʣİͻȻ֣˶Сġ
֪оݣַŮһ
ôַ㣬Ŀɾ峺ȴִż֮⣬ݷǷ
֪ҡҡͷֻҾݶѡ
ַҲû˵ʲôֻʡ


0367 ۽
ҺһΣ
ַĬƬ̣漴ڵɽϤҵݵĻȥ۽΢ŻһЩ
ֻᣬѵá
ַĻĬˣȴԵ߿ڵˣˡʶǸҸıȽϺá
ԣʲôˣƾʲôҪǺһ𡣡ЩҲ˺ȳˬĵ
ַתĺţЩ˵֮Ŀһ·𶳽˰㣬䣬Ҳ̱ˡ
ȻˣǱˡַŮ΢΢ҡͷŮӦһĻγһ£٣ڣò⵽ơ
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ַǰУϵĲͻȻӿ죬ɽ۶ȥ
𡭡
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һʱַ̣߳һƬ֣Ų֮ͣǾŴɽ壬ֱɽ壬ǣ·һ
ַ𾪵ǣɽ壬Ȼ罣ĽָΪ죬·Ҫͱ
壬֮ǰɽǹ۽ˡ
ַĿƬ̣漴˸žɽȥɽ壬ӵõĽǶȹۿ壬۽塣
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֮Ҳ̫ˣȻܽɽɽ֮ԵϣһĽ
ڣַ˹۽£վһ¾ʯ֮ϣַ㾲Ŀǰľ棬ҪͷܹĶˣĽ
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УҵĽУԵ֮ⲢҪ⣬۽塢ȷ֮⣬һʺңҲ֮ܵӰ졣
ַ΢Ĳ£ĻָһŵĽ򽣣ɺҵ̺Ľ⣬Ȼģ¡ǿַԣѾԼ֮⾳Ľκβӽⶼɽȥһܽý
ַ㣬ҪһģԹߵĽǶ棬֮ƣԼ֮
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ַһʣǵӰеĽԽԽǿ̺İԵҲԽˣȻ⽣ޣͨ۽壬һЩ̺ŽĴ硣
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ǶȿҲҲͬ
ַһ漴ٵɽŹ۽ɽϿղʱŤͷһ۽塣
Խϣַ㣬ԽֽĺΰԵ·ӵ㲻ķ
ǿһǸŲԶľ壬ַоߡ
ϵϣַԽԽߣַУ壬ҲԽԽСˣȻ̺ޱǿĽ֮⾳
ȵַ̤Ϲ۽ߵʱַͷȻһ˿̵վñȾ嶼Ҫߣܷ񣬸
·ҪҴɱ
ַһǾű·ͱɱ
У˵ԳԽһУôĲ˼飬վҪԽַٶȿڣ棬ϡ¿
վɽŵʱַ㣬ýԵ죬߸ϡ
վ۷ʱ򣬾ʹһǻѪ飬£ǾɽΪġ
ÿ۽壬вͬĸԼĽַĸ򣬾Ǵӡ
еĽޣԼĽңԽޣֻҪͿ֮ϡ
ַڹ۽ɽͣ˲ʱ̣漴ɽ·ȥˣȫͬĽǶȣȥǾ档
ַڹ۽ϣ֮ãʱ䣬߱˹۽ÿһ䣬вͬĽǶȣȥ档
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ڹ۽ַۣ֮۾ûзκεһɽ۷֮ϣΨһƷöַĳ
һ졣
ַ㣬ӲͬĽǶȣۿ죬ڹ۽ɽۣ졣
ֱգһĨףһֻԶӵƽȽȽ
Ĺߣӳַϣůġ
գҹճգн֮֮ԼϦ֮
ַ૵Ϊ̫շ쾭ȴ˹֮ɱɴ֮󣬳֮Ϧ֮ûб仯
ԼϦ֮Ϊһ壬Ϊ
³һַУһޱȷĽ֮⾳Ŷ壬Ҳ


0368 ؾ
ַУһâ£˲ϢΪԪ֮
ַӳĵһ̧ܻ֮ƽ£̧֮˳
գȻַֹ㣬ͣüͷ΢塣
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ַ漴һӳȻӲ⾳
һַûȥ֮Լս֮뽣Уں⾳Ľǿȴ޷һΣһ̶ȣ͸÷豹棬ֻ֮⾳ÿһиԵĽ⣬Ӧǽ
һһĻӳַ㣬ƺʱ䣬ûͣϢ룬Ψн
ˣԣȻг֮һɱˡ
ˣһ̫죬Ƴ֮
ַӳÿһƺ覴ãҲƽ㡣
ʱַͻȻͣٻӽĿ⿴Զľ壬¶˼֮ɫ
壬ͬΪֲͬÿһǶȣĸоһǴ¿ʹϿڹ۽ףַİԵ֮ӹ۽嶥壬赲ͬĽͬı仯
ͬĽһĸо
ַĿһâ˸ٿͷ̫ѾԽԽ貣̫֮⣬ԽԽǿҡ
һγַС
ûκεԥַ㣬ӽǴϣȽȽһʱѤáƺֻΨȴûɱһȵӵʱ⽣ȴԽԽ財޾ĳ󣬽գųĿĹ̫ԡ
һûпÿ켴졢֮һʼͽڲ֪УԽԽңȵоʱѻΪա
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뵽⣬շ쾭תʱַϣԪַ̣ϣԡ̫浱С
֮ϣַϣҲȥַӳյøΪ貣ң̫ͼ֡
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૵һֻǹ۽ȫ貵̫⣬Ȳ֮ҵ̫ҪĿȻԶ÷·ܹо貵Ľâ̺Ƚ֮
ЩնڿеĽۣоĿġ
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Ψ۽ַۣ㣬ɳУ·̮޹أ˿̵Ψн
ַ㣬һ̤˶ֿ֮ľ磬УһС
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һĽ֮⾳ѹء
ɽ⣬÷ݣϵӣܿ죬ԲصޣȻȫ˵ϣһҶޣҲһɫ԰ס
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0369 ħ
ѩ¹Ҫ˵˭ԾɽΪ˽⣬¼Ī
¼ң֪ɽΪȡУһ¼ҳʷ
˴ԣ۽ľ棬ޱǿĽǿʹɽصĽñɽγ˾ɽҲǾ塣
ҲдԣǾ棬ΪϽǿһɽɾɾ;Ž塣
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ҲľŽ壬֮¼֮ˣھŽ֮ɽֵУЩֻ¼ĸ߲֪
Զ֮ϣƣħƹ·ضҪһĻð׷̾Ϣһ
Ѿǲħӡ˶꣬ħҪ³Ҳ֪Ǹǻ
Уѩ¹Ȼܹħħ˺ѷӡ
ΨнӴһξˣſԽħҲ֪˭ȻѾֽ磬ǸսӴڽϣ츳Ҳһܿˡ
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׷߿ԶħƣƽϢȥˣһУ˳Ȼ
ʱǾɽ壬ԽԽ֮ϣɫħƽ񷶼Уⱻڵضһޱȿֲѹ֣֮ħ룬ǷõˣҲһڵϣ϶ͷˮǣ̱ڵϡ
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ʱַҲӶ״̬˹վڹ۽ɽۣ𾪵Ŀؾ䡣
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һУȴʵʵڵķˡ
ħӡǧ꣬ӡѾֻ࣬ħһֱţûƿӡַ򽣣ճĽħħƿӡ嵱Уַ㣬ںϡ

ʱַüͷڵħ·Ҫʳ
ַһػǣħڣϾȻַ֮͸оħűȫˣ
ħһĽǣ·ӵԼ㡣
ҪҸطһħ
ַаһڣܲһֱɽ档
һַϣ£ˣ·һûгϿգǳԱ߼ۡ
ϸ΢첻ϴƿɽڣַ壬ɽڲǰС
ûйãַ㣬ͳɽڣʱϵħѾʧǿֲѹֽҲˣǾ棬ͻȻģַĿ̵ǣŽĵضΣʧ֮һɿֲԪ


0370 Ԫ
ǡַͫһ֮·Ԫ̫ŨˣԶַܹĸо̺Ԫ
ԪһӴԪ
ַĿǣԪµĻһ𣬾ԪʯԪʯԽԽ࣬γһƬԪǾűħǿѾ֪жܹ꣬һԪϡ档
ַ㼤ǣƬԪɽ֮£û֪Ҳκˣ֮
ַ㣬ǵһ֪ƬԪģôƬԪԿɡ
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ʹЩֲĴҪ̲ռΪС
һѧԺҲֻĿԪƬԪɼԪ̶ȡ
Ԫ̲¡ַ㰵һԪŨ̶ȣɼƬԪģȻС»һƬַ㣬ò
뵽⣬ַ嶯Ԫ˸ȥͬʱйͷţ˺һ֮ΧһУȫԺС
ֻ˲䣬ַ͵˾֮أԪϿգޱȵĽţԪâΧ²ݣַ㻯һֱ뵽Ԫ棬򿪴ʯ䣬ַ㽫ص׿Ԫʯȫ˵ʯ䵱С
̲£ҲҪԪԼݺݵһʣƬԪ޾ĲƸ֮ˣû˭ԪʯòˣҲȥһҪıԪʯĻ
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ܿ죬ַһĨϲ⣬Ԫֲ̫ˣȫԪʯƷʯ޾װװˣЩƷԪʯУּƷԪʯ
żȻַ㻹ܷ籦ʯҫ۶ĿԪʯƷԪʯ
һöƷԪʯͿԵֵһöƷԪʯֵܱȡ
ƷԪʯҪˡ
ַ˲˾ָĿռҲ޵ģȫװƷԪʯƷԪʯͷŲôˣƬԪƷԪʯԣַɴƷԪʯ̶ȵھԪʯ
ˣǼǧԪַ㣬һһҹĸоָоƺ
ЩԪʯѪʿԺ޹˼ɵʹԪʯǵΪо޴ĺôַܹ㣬Ĵһֲ֧ľų
ַ㣬ܶԣûбûôͿԼȥһƬѪｻҲһ˼С
ַԪзĴܶţչԪʯ
ʲô
ʱַͻȻһֲҶɢŰɫ⣬ŨĴ֮ңڿĵط
ݣַͫһûϢǼоݵϢ
ݣҶԪ֮أԪҪʮֵĳ㣬һҪ꣬ǧ֮һĿܵݡ
ƬԪԪԲ˵ǾűħУӦ̺žҪĴ֮ԣҲ֪˶ãе㡣
̤Ьٴȫѹ򡣡
ַ仰ʺ˿̵Ҫݣݾͳˡ
ַ㳯ݶȥֱӲժ봢ʯ䵱УصΪݻһ򣬷ǡ
ǿĸӦַ̿ƬԪϸûоݵټһݣ֪ҪֶԪĵر
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ܿ죬ַо¶һЦݣЦøĲãƬ˾ݵֳһֵ꣬ڶꡢ꣬Ͷпˡ
ʱڵϣһӰߣǷõˡ
ܵŨԪǵĽŲͣ漴¶ϲ֮ɫ
ԪȻһƬԪϣЩ
ԪǻҪ˵Ļ׬ȡԪʯ
öԪʯһȺд漴һӰ˸Ԫ˹ȥԪʯ
˿̵ǣʲôˣֻԪʯ֮Ԫʯ
ס֡Ե߿Щһһɵһ
ڸʲôҲǳһˣЩˣֱӽˡ
ֻЩĮĿߣ漴ּȡԪʯ˲ǡ
ûСĻ𣿡ŭһɢ⡣
С㣿ǵҵĻΪԪʯԪʯˣĻʲôɫǲԪʯԿ档
һаֻһʵǿĻĿⶢŷãɨţڷǷĲλͣ£а˸
ĻЩԪʯĻһЦС㣬Ц
ɫһɷףȺ쵰ҲҲ޿κΡ
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ݡǾݣĿһ΢΢
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û⣬˵ͷȻߵߣСֻ֣˿ͿԵõˡ
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ʱһͻȻõץ˸գ漴ͿʧͬʱһӰӹ档
ˡַ㿴һеľһۣ¶һĨЦ⣬漴


0371 ιϷ
ҵġһĮվַĶ棬ŭַ㡣
ۿҪõˣַ㣬Ȼһ̽ľݶߡ
ģַ¶һĨЦɫĮҡҡͷת׼ѰԪʯƬԪľݣӦþˣѾټԪһ顣
òôַ뿪˸£ֻ赲ַǰ棬ĮĿַ㣺ȷֵģҡ
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˵ҵģҵġĿĮϾȻһɱΪ˾ݣɱַ㡣
ַüϵıԽԽ䣬ŮˣҪɱᱦ
жԶԶ
ַ³һŲһ磬ʱһɿֲϢţ÷˲佩Ӳо
ǿϢַϵϢ䡢ÿ£Ϣ֮УŲҲŵŵĺˡ
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Ҫݣйϵ𣿡ַһ漴һٶȿصףжôѵΪһ仰ַ͸ô
ӦַһҪַõʲôһ룬Ȼܾˣ߸ģַЩᣬˣͲС
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һЩʱ̣յУмӰ٣ܵŨԪǵĿȫһԪȻһƬ޴Ԫ
Ͽǿ½ַ֣һâ΢ܿͳһһǰʵղţ˲ԪʯʯС
˿ֱַһƣȴ̵ַһЦâ£ҽ漴ֱˣʯ䣬ַУҲΨһһдʯĻ
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ܿ죬ַռԪʯĻȻŻصϣ˿̵յУѾվ˲ǿߣԪʯĻҪΪʸ֮ˡ
ջݣԼôԪʯѾǳˡ
Сӣ㵨ӹ󣬾Ȼô̰
۽һʯ֮ϣһĿ꿴ַ㣬Ц˵һ֪Ȼ÷֣ռԪʯַ㵨ӹ󡢹̰
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ǰҸһԪʯıˣĳ˵Уõܷһ㡣
ÿ꿪˵ʱַĿ΢䣬ŮˣҪ
ţõĻĿ΢ͣ漴¶һ˿ȤɫﹻĻҿԷһ㡣
ҧҧ촽ȻԷĻżַܵζܹΣֻ˵ٻеõݵϣ
Сָһַָ㣬ղλûʱռԪʯңõ˲پݣһĴָ档
û£͸оһ䣬ͷͿַĿͷ¡
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ַĿ˸ΧȺˣӦöӵ侳ʵ
λԪ֣ҲõһЩԪԻΪ飬УҲٲ롣
ַż˿˵ΪЩ֮󣬶ûмŶԪʯôһԪԪʯеǣ룬˭ӵַ㣬Ȼ˵ǵĿַ㻹Ƕº滹ǿǰҪԪϷֳݣһһݣܡ
ˣͬ⣬ҲԪҪֻ֣һЩˣҪ̭ûʸõƬԪ
˱һ֮ĵͦЦ˿ߣָĶȫԪʯǾݣûķݡ
ԣˣһź³۵Ҳ˵ַ㣬ҪͶȡɣûкǹϷֵʸ
Ԫô˵ҲȷֵģҲû˵ҪԪô㶫Ϊɡ
ַҲ΢˼֡
ǸӣҪ·ĺȵַ㵱ӡ
ַҪЩ˷֣ôܣ


0372 ⾳
ҪǸӣҪ·ַ㿴꣬Ŀ΢΢漴Уһ˿ĮЦݡ
𣿡Ų΢΢ǰһһ޵Ľ⣬ַš
ţ꿴ַ̤һСܵǹĮ֮⣬üͷ£Ī㻹Ҫֲɣ
û˵ַĽŲһ̤ʱ¡촫µĵַ̮壬ռһɺ嫵Ľ⣬Ŷ
ַϣһĨ֮⻪ҫ²ݡ
ǣԪ
ȺĿһ侳ַ㣬Ҳ侳ǿߣղţԸ˳ȥϷԪȻҪʯеõĶٹ
õͫһ˵ַ㣬Ȼ侳ǿߣȻַܾһ󣬶ң˶Ըַ㡣
üͷһâַ㣬һԲֱҪս
ȵԪ֮ţĮĵ֪ôСһҾѵһ
˵գҲַ΢΢һɫ繳ӰǣźɫĹâ

һͺȣַ³յУԪתһԪַ֮ΣͷſֲĽ⡣
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ûеԷߣַĽ㻺Ļӳ졢һԳΪȴĳ̫ҫۡȴѤȺĿ⡣
Ǹֳһ˿ЦݣЦһʵֽܺײһ֮ܽɢ
ȺҲҡͷͬ侳ַ㣬ӦǸս̤侳սƫСӦòǶ֡
Ȼַɫɣǰ
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ţȺĿ΢⽣ƻƽһĸоǵĿ⣬·ûκ߽Ĺԡ
Ҳüͷ漴ˣȻ֣˺ǽɾǰһ롣
ȻȴӰΣâҲԽԽˡ
ĳ仺ȴѤȽȽԽԽֱų֮⡣
Ǳһнȴ·ֱ̺仯ϵıǿȺĿ̣漴ǺȻķ֣Ǳ貶Ŀһֱնϣ価ĶͷһѪۣ漴壬ſ׹䡣
侳ǿߣ
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عַһɨˣĮ˳Ϊǣ֪Ԫ̲£ʳǣȻһЩᣬ˵΢΢ҪסƬžӴԪܡ
ǣҲһزסһһЩԪʯȻߣЦǼһԼʲô˶֪Ҫҽַָʵѵ̵ƬԪɡ
Ŀ΢ر֮ʱܵķӦǶر̲֮ʱǵѾ侲ˣղǣҲһϷ̲Ԫ뷨ַ㻹˵ǹϷ֣е̰ʱַĻǸǽһˮ
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ܣ˵̫ˣԪʯɣö٣ö٣򣬵ȵʳһЩǿҪòˡ
ַ㵭Į˵һӵԪϢزסܿʳǵĴͻ֪
ҡ¼ңǻңпܲ뵽ԪᵱˣҪסһƬԪͲܡ
˶¶һ˿ʣַ˵ʵʳǵһЩܶԸ˵ģֻǸ֮ǰԪʯ١
ʣҲϣַֻĻ
һ˸ֱУȴȡԪʯܿ죬½˶֣Ԫʯ
һҽдֻһҵĻǺ侳ǿĮĵַҲϷԪʯ
֮ҽ½ԪʯķһɱˣֻҪ
ûʵҪϷԪʯ·һ侳ǿߣûһƲ磬֮£Ǻ
ܿ죬һһȥԪʯˣ˻صϣɫѿ
ñҲȥһЩԪʯȴַˣĿɨһۣʮϢʱ䣬һɱ
ַ㻰³ɱ÷ûӲɫҰס
ղţַ㣬ַоݣַ㹻ɱɣƯַȴܳª
С㣬߰ɡԱߵŷãַǿߣܵģߣַɱãڣΪʲôʱַܾ㡣
뿪֮ЩҲǣһĿ˸
ַûȥǣʶ̿רƷԪʯƷԪʯ
ʱһ˻ط·ܶޣˡ
ͬʱʳкü֧飬кХϵĸ۽巽


0373 
ַռƬ̵Ԫʯ֮Ӱ˸ͻأĳһǿߵǰ
ʲôǺǿ߿ַ㣬üͷһ壬˵ϿȡһЩԪʯɣǸģ档
˿ԣ㲻СַĮ˵һúǿüͷøˡ
ǰ˵ҰѶ£ˡô仰㣬ָ£˹ַ³һĮĻղţֻк˺꿪Ҫڣ걻ɱʣַȻŹЩ𣬵ͿԱ
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ռһʱԪʯǺܺ𡣡ַ㳯ǰȽͻȻһ档
ַЦһ£ѿҲ˳ȥ
ַճ˲䣬һԵϮԪ£дһ硣
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Ԫ֮źɫеУ͵죬޷ǰ
̫Դˣɱһ侳ʲôˣ㡣˺ַĿڿײ˽ߣ˵һƺڰֳ֣Ϊ죬ֱӺڰ֣ȫַȥ
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ա˿ɫֲûг֣ǰֻкɫըѲаһҡ
ڴʱͻȻ漴ͿǺڰһǳϸ΢Ĺâҫͫһ
áһɷϢεǿҵΣʹɫٶȾ䣬ҪˣѾˣڰʮ֮ͻأţѤһʹؿڴͷ˾ͽԼؿڴһѪɫʮַ֣㣬վǰ
ʮӰɱ֮ӰɱӰӰΡ
˵Ѵַָ㵭Į˵һ֮ţںǿߵϻ漴һöָ˿Уֱַץ룬ǿߣ建׹䣬һ侳ǿߡɡ
һжںܶݵʱ䷢ʱ侳ǿûټռԪʯǶ̧ͷַ㣬Լ׹ʬ塣
ͬΪ侳ǿߣַ㣬ɱһ侳ȴɱɣÿ꣬ǿַĿҲмֵļɵ֮⡣
İɣûκγԹˣҲᶯַ㿴һ·һۣ漴ĿͶԶֻﴫһֲ֮ա
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ʱԶһݶԵޱȣַ˵ĿⶼһԶȥ
Ż棬ԽԽȻһͷȼŵĻ档
ͷ޼ϣӴ󡢳ɫĻȼգӴϣһ̣𾪵ǣͷʨɫڿа衣
ħʨַ㿴ͷޣͫһȻǳħʨգӻʳеõĳħʨ
ħʨȻǿ󣬾ѾΪַ㰵˵ħʨ۷壬ԳΪֻΪʵʵ̫侳أػħʨûУַҲὫ֮ȥ
ȻҲгħʨҲһôΪϾŵˣѱԼ޵ȼȻС
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˿ʨԼµĳħʨַΧޣ·ܵ˿ư㣬ַΧסЩʵƫСһЩޡ
ʨҲϳַ㣬ַ˵ɣлл㵱ͳң죬ƬԪȻҷˣŵģڳķϣ㽫ϵĴָȫҷߡ
šַܵλ侳ǿĿⶼ£Ȼдˡ
㷢֣ţƬԪȷֵءַĮ˵һ
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ߣôĿֻһˡһͷ޶ѣôǣ
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һˣЦʨĮ˵һĻû£˻𣬹۽岻ԶֵУȻ˲޺Ӱһһޡ
ƬԪǵġһ˱˵Ǳھɽޣû뵽ؾ䣬Ϲ󣬾ͷһƬԪ


0374 ݣ
ţѩ»ʳǣڡϼڵŲУʵҪǿʢ֣Ҳܹڻʳǻô
Уֶϵ似ֻӣһҪǿ츳գӵŵãЩ似רΪӵ߶ڣӵǿ
ңŵĺĵӣ֮ԿޣǿޱȣҲΪˣ˳ԾɭֵУãʵÿԿסޣץ
ɭ֣ŵ֮أҲ֮ء
ַ㣬Ǻܵù֮޹
ſʨַĿһâѡһǽָȻһѡ
ûеѡ񣿡ַĿ⿴ſʨĮĵǼ˵õԪʯԪǾţһëҳݣңԪȷֵģ㲻ã̫˵𣿡
֣ʨûпڣһŵЦǷԪã෴Щ˶ԣʵѣԪջǲסǣԪ־ԲʸµģԣǵĽ֣עˡ
Ǿǰȫ뿪ˣǸλش϶𣿼ȻԪǷˣҪһ飬һ㣬УȻ󣬽ȡ
ʦ˵ûûе·㶯ԪѾ·һڳķϣˡһ´ָ뿪Ѿ㹻ˣ㻹Ҫʲôѡ񡣡ʨһ
ô˵ǲҪлһĻ᣿ַ¶һ˿̵ɫʨ´ָȻ뿪˶Ŀˡһ档
ʨַдŵķ֮ü䵭ĵΪȷʵˡ
ĿˡݣһܲҲѡһ·ɱҡǾҪǵʵˡ
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û֣ҪɱǣҪһᡣַһ侳ǿĿ䣬Щŵˣ̫
һ룬Ų֪Ǵ˴γ˶ĵĵӰɡһ̵漴ŵȺϣһͷųԼϢҰԵĮ֮⣬ڿŰֲޱȡ
ǿַ˵һЩˣ侳ǿˣ侳аˣǵʵ൱Ҳ侳ǿߣͷޣңлеϢԱ˸ֲһЩӦ侳ء
ܿ£ȫŵľӡ
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ַ㣬ʨַᣬȻϧԼϾ·
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ʨַĶŭһħʨĴַܳȥ
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0375 
սȻֹͣ˷׷׺ˣߺˮϬַɱǵû˿ƣˡ
ڣһʣ侳ǿߺޣתۼ䣬սʹ
侳ǿȫַ㣬ַв̫ˣ˲ɱ侳ǿߣˣܿ¡
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ллղǲ㱻ˮϬһǿ߶ַлַĳ̫ʱˣ
ڰһͬ顣ַ㿴˵صĵ˵ͷǣͬ飬һپ١
ҺƱԸʨ쾦˺ǵĻ飬Ըĸ
ŵУһһͷ޴ַָ˵ƱʵǿһЩ侳صΪɱַ㣬ʨ쾦ԼǸԵĻ飬ԸĸǺǿ侳֮ˣ㹻ˣţ
á
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綢ַ㣬Į˵һܣɽķٴιĽŲҲַ˳ȥ
˿̵ļ磬˫ţ˸磬ͬʱϵԪ֮Ҳ˸
ɱŭһһӰӣַȥޱȷ
ֱӳż˳ȥһμûᣬֻǳǰޱȿԵ쫷ԪûֵһֹȦ֮⣬ԡԪȦеһַ̤̤㡣
ƱҲŭˣͼһĳַ㣬λ䣬Ȼɱַ㣬衣
ַһ֮ⲻϵĵȫԸļƱÿһֻ֮ںַķ֮һԪȻַлļӳ֣ǵסλ侳ǿߵĹ
Ʊһƽַ㣬ַҲڵĻͲл
ͷ޲ʾ룬ɱַ㣬ǲţҪַ
ߣ޵սҲǳĲңû˹˼ԶٵߵһӰ
֮УһкƵӰ̤ƶΪ֮ˣһ׷ߣĿ䣬˲ɣ֮⡣
ħȻʧˡ
׷૵һħȥֻ֪һƬԪ
ף㿴ڰ׷ߵԣһָսַˡ
׷Ŀת˲ַϣĿһĨĿĹһ
ǣĶӡ
ģ


0376 
ʱַԻ޵ĹϾ˼̤Ⱥ
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ַһοڣ³ͻأ䣬ͷ޵ϣ޾Ļȼɻ֮磬ں̵ܶʱھͽͷȫǣ޵峹ȼ
𡢺𡭡
ͷ޷˻״ǻ棬޷Ϩ
ƱһĻɫ䣬Լ޻ȥԪӿˮ֮Ϣ
ȻҲͬʱַϣɫͻȻ˳ֱӽͷûȵƱϵʱɫʧǵ޻飬ѾʧӰˡ
ƱĿⶼĶַ㣬г޾ɱ⣬ַ㣬ɱǵ޻飬ҪѱһͷޣҪܴ󣬻Ҫ
һԣ׷ߵ˾Ŀߵսַɱͷޣ׷ߵĿ⶯£Ķӣʮ˰ɣȻΪһ֮ԸŵλŵԼǵ޻飬ַ㣬̳ĸ츳
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¼ҵһŵӣޱҫۡ
ϧ귢һѲأĻǺַһ¼ңҲͻҶ޵Լһ˫
ʱҲڿַս䣬ֲַֿսʮʱȣҲ˶١
һҪĶַ㣬񶾵Ŀ·ַܽɱ
ŵˣԽԽûóϢˡ
һƮüƱĿ΢̧ͷſ岻ԶȺͫһ
¼ңǾɽ¼֮ˣҲˣң¼֮Դǰ
Էţǳ鴤ȴҷ¼ҵļŵҲҪü֡
ַʱҲ̧ͷ¼ҵˣüͷ΢΢ţЩˣоϤĸоҲоõЩ¼֮ˣкü˶ַ㡣
ǰԪŷֵģϣǰĪҪ֡
翪˵¼ҵˣ뵽ģԪ¼ˣҪԪ
ûв´ĻԪӦòȷֵİɡ
׷ߵ˵һַںŵսô᲻ԵɣȻַȷԪ漴ŵҪᣬŻᷢⳡս
ǰôܺűȣԪûʸҲû¡
Ʊ˵
ûʸǾʸҿôŵ˲١׷߷һ
Ԫȷ֣ţѹˣʵȥᣬ˵˭ʵǿ˭ܵõԪȻˣһоͶˡ׷ߵƽûκεĲһ
׷ߵĻ⣬һĮƮȻʣ·ؼֻʣһˡ

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ˣ˭ܹһвԪ͹š
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˵ǣһУ˭ң
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ַҲǿƮȻȴû쳽ַ·Լ޵µİ¼ŵӣ쳽ܹȵϵģ쳽ȣͬС㣬Ტۡ
ȻǲңͲҪ˵ԪǵĻˡ
׷߼˶Ĭԣ˵һ䣬˶۽ǳ鴤ȴ˵һ仰
¼۸С㲻ù˵𣿡
ʱԶһ֮ȺĿתȴٳٲ˹ɵͷȻ˵֮ˣǻ֪жԶ
ڣ쫷ӿɫ䣬һɿԵĿռΪһӰԶճ֡
ռǰģһͷֲޣĿײ࣬·׸⣬һԾ޴Ĵ伤һ硣
޵ıϣӰΪһһ꣬Ŀϣ֮ϡ
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ˣַͫһվŵˣƺڸ죬Ÿɽ
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ȻǸôʣϵ꣬Ÿɡ
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׷Ŀ⿴ûпŵһۣ֪ԷˣΣ
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Į˵һ壬˴֮һڰ˴ڶ֮ǰ


0377 Ҫɱַ
˴ӣڶ壬ͬʱѵһġ
Ŀ⿴ˣ˵ж¶˿˿ڴ֮⣬˴ӣκһ˶콾οе
źɫ磬úѿһͷҰһǵĿⶢʱеĹâԵø
Ŀ⵹Ǻƽûкһͷųԣ·Ҫ˺ˡ
˴ӵڶ͵֪ʲô硣ַаһڵģѾôǿˣˣӦòȶɣǴ޵̫ӵ£жôǿ
ȻҪǷʵһôԸĻǾսɣһսУ¼Ҳ֣岻УҲҪ֡
׷Ŀޱ飬˵һ˵ͫȫһ
壬ս
̫ˣ׷߶оԵţܹɱ塣
ŵˣҲң
˵Ŀⶼϣֻ΢΢鴤£úݣȻҪս
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׷תĿ⣬ûٿһۣ˵Ԫ¼¼ңҪˡ
䣬ܵ¼֮˷׷˸Ԫĸռס·ԪѾ¼ҵˣû
ƽдŰԵ̺ŷ¼Ҽ¼ңȻأʱ򣬾͸Ҳںκˣ棬¼һֵԪռˣڽҪΣ⣬¼ңں
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ʵַʵ¼һҪǿֵԪ˭Ҿһ˰ռ˭˵ڶ仰
ΪʵԱ˷ֺ󶼸Ҹŵ˷ֺ󣬻Ҫָٹɱ⻹ǶݣЦĶݡ
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ʱԶһ漴һӰ̤նЩˣһ¶̤Ԫȫ侳ǿɵݡ
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ܿ죬Ⱥ͵ԪϿգЩˣַͫһ⣬ңַĳԹ
ңɱҵУүңҪַɡ˴ˣҲҾԵĸ߲㣬Ϊ׵ӣȻҼˮ
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վǵַ㣬оˮɨĿǵı
ʼգˮжһƵȻЦ⡣
֣Ĳˣ¼Ҿסھɽ⸽ȻȷԪȻˣԪԵ¼вǡ
ˮЦ˵һȺȫ㶡
ˮĻⲻǸķŭôԪű¼ңֵĸ硣
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ˮƺǳ죬漴Ц£ĳ˵ˡ
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ˮĻգͲȥԪڰʾȥӦȥ
ɱ˭ɽʵ
ˮַָָ㣬Ŀɱ
ˣɱҵӡܣұҪɱ
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0378 ˭ɱ
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ѩ¹ҵļŵҪһʱ˺ѻţַͬʱˡ
˴ַ㣬ˡ
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ַ㣬Ѿôǿˣǿ󵽿׻ɱһ侳ǿߣ̫˼ˡ
ڣַȴΣУǻ޷
Ψɽüͷ΢£漴ָֻƽ
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ǣѪŨˮַ㣬ŮĶӣƾɣˮ˵Ҫɱַ㣬Ҳ㹻ŭˡ
ˮַ֪̬̽ȣ˵Ҫɱַ㣬ǺãȻҪ̽ұȫ
ˮ˵УɣɽĮ˵һˮͷǡ
ǵӣûʵ츳ֻ֪ˣΪ˲֪ٴΣ񣬱ɱˣҲǵܵܣȥ˼ɱˣ˼Ǻεط㲻᲻ɱˣ˭ҼԳǨŭһ꣬硣
ɽ˵һ䣬Ⱥͫ׶һɽĻУֻһ˼Ķк͵ܵ𣬶ϧ
˵ţ磬һĵ˷ֵԪ᲻һɱ˼ޣˣЩҲˣΪ˼վ˵֪߳ܡ
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ۿַˣȵȰ޴ʵ޻ĳǰӳֱַţһޱȵľֱѹַϣռпŰַ紵졣
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ַа⣬ڤǵ򲻵ѣַǾԲԸʹõġ
Ҳ˵ܻܲжԷڤʹóȥɱ˶ۣԪ֮ҲһգǻҪԸΣˡ
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𣿡
ɽַɫ꣬â˸꣬ޣӦòַ꣬㣬ûм̳꣬¼ҵѪꡣ


0379 
ӣĴֽ۵ӴƣĿһĨ⣬ȻȻֹס˺ˣڶϵɫ֣峯Ŷۼ

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촫߻֮ˮڶ۵Ӵ֮ϣַɷ֮͵ĺˡ
ڵһ㣬ַӰն̧ͷյ̫ϣԪȼޱȳȡ
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ȺַܵȼյԪ˵ͷŵĳ֮⣬һϧַԵǿֲĶۡ
䣡һѵ۽Ųһ̤棬ӴҲַڿնٶɺܿ졣
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0380 ޻
侳һأ侳أڼ磬Ԫ֮İ̶޴û⣬ܹɱǰߡ
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ѵҿˣꣿɽüͷ΢壬ɫϢʵ׽ֲ꣬
Ļͼ̳¼ҵɡɽĿоâת˵ֿԲַ̳ɵĻںЩˣ꣬ܽſƵģҲ֮˶ǳɵ¼ҵԭ֮һ
ȻҲһֿܣַ֪ǿ
Ϭɫߣ໥ţ嶼ӴޱȣϬУѪ֮⣬ߵľУԵ
Ҳ߲Ϭǿ󣬵ɱˣַ꣬ѪҺɣߣǺεȵĴܡ
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һַֻ̣һ޾ԪֱûɫУҲʧǵߵС
ϢʧˣƬɫƺܹڸϢǶоڷʲôˡ
žĿռ䣬ͻȻüžΨƬɫڷݣַ㣬ȻɫУȥϬԿ

һЦַ㣬Ȼ˵ȫϬԴ˿̶Ϭǿ̶ȣַȥɱַ㶼ɱַ̤кϬս
ŵˣһ㲻ģ϶¶һĨĨЦ·Ѿַǵǰ
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ȺĿȫƬϹԽԽ٣ܿ죬ȺһӰ֣ῡݵӰַϡ
ַ㣬վУƽĿ̺żĮϹⲻϵûڣֱ׵ʧ
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˶ַ㣬Ŀг˲˼ɫˣϬȻˣʣ
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ʱŵȺɴŲŵɫ
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ʵˣɫַϬӰֵĲʱ䣬ַ㣬˻ϬĶۣ𺳵ʵˣɱҪʹĴۣĴۡ


0381 ֮
ַ㣬ôģ
ûֻ֪ǸоһĨϢȵɫʧ֮һʧģϬˡ
ȺһĬžѹ֣ŵȺַ㣬ɱǵвͣ˸
ȥɱ˸ԣǰ磬Ҫַȥ
ȵȡͺһŲͣ£عͷ
Ҫȥҡͷֹȥɱַ㣬Ҳַɱˣ˴֮Գɱַ㣬͵ڸˣţһ壬ûһ츳ĵˣɱһַ㣬ֲֻС
عͷĿһϣмƣӣ档
棬䲻ǰ˴еһˣ˵ʵѾ̤˴ˣʵǱѰ
˼ɵǣ棬̳ǿꡣ
棬ȥɱĮĿڵȺĿ΢ϣַ㣬׶༪ˡ
á˵ͷ̤һĿַϡ
ַ㿴棬ֻ˫ͫ׺ڰ׷Ϊ졣
ţڳս𣡡ɽĮĿ˵дżַ̡
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Ҫɱңɡ
ţȺַĻɫ΢ַ㻹Ǵ󵨣ɱ˶ۣҪս棬˵ΪͶ൱ʵ϶ҪȶǿģҲֶԸַˡ
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Ųַǰ֮Ŀǣ·ַ궼ǣס
۾졣
ַü˿ܿ϶ܹ죬ҪСġ
ʵܻۣܶţʵǿվ
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漴ַ͸оһɿԵԼɵɫһ䡣
ӰַȻˣһɿԵķǰιϢֱӲ嵱Уַ˸䡣
˵֮⣬ַ㶢ŶӰˣͶߵȫͬ·ߡ
ۡͰԵȡʤ棬䣬Ŀ죬棬ȶ۸ӵΣࡣ
ӣЩŵǿˣ֮꣬ǣӰ˵꣬ܿޣȥԸ꣬濴
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ĮĿɽһۣȻóɽǹ˵ַע⡣
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˵գ建ǰУһصϢַ㲨ȥַһûãȻ˺һ֮ȥΧһУҲͬܵԷ֮ͫܵԷӰ졣
Ҫɱңɡ
ַ㵭Į³һȻڿն𣬻һʸԶȥ
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׷
ҪȴĮ˵ùǣվͺá
¶˲ɫַҪܣҲܣ
ӲģԴŵ˵Ʈ죬ҲԶȥ׷ɱַȥ
Ļŵ˶˵ͷû棬һɱַ㣬ַԴ
Ȼô˵ˣҵҲַԴˮЦ¡
¼ҵķɽԵ꿴ɽһֻۣɽĿ˸ƺ˼
Ƭ̺ɽĿַ⳯ȥĵطһָֻۣƽûжһУַԼ
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ãַֹͣ˼˸ôԶ˰ɡ
Ӱַ㽵һϣתĮĿ˸棬ĿƽȴֺżĮ֮⣬Ψûп־塣
潵ַ֦ϣַƽ΢Щ죬漴ЦЦ㻹治


0382 
ҲǡַƽĻӦĿһ㶣Уٶɡ
ַͫ΢漴һɺڰϢ٣ַͫףıˡ
ڡĮһ˫ûκɫʵĺڰͫףַ㣬Ѿܾûнĺڰ״̬ˡ
ΧһУޱĳ֣˺һ֮мơȫͬĸо
˿̵룬ͫģһƬڰ磬ޱȵĺڰ硣
ڰͫ׶棬һΣַûܣ˿Ժ̫ˣ·ûκܹӰ쵽
Ҳַͫףɵһһ˫ͫףһ˵졣
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Į֮ɫӰƮַɷ֮粻ϵƮƷ֮һſŴֱӱһ֣֮һ㺮˪漴ή
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ӰΣַž޴ѹ֮ɷ֮磬ܶ
Ԫ֮ΣַԪٶȻۣ˿ϵԪѾղźͶս֮ʱǰˡ
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ַܵԪ֮ǰҫۣĮһЦ
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ĹԣΪҪߣǿȻˡ
һķϮƷַϣַֻжĸоͺϵĺһ䡣
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ַͫڱ䣬˼άȴޱȵ湥Ĺ켣ԺзˣѱС
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0383 
Ǵ֮ãôĿһϴһĨŭɫַĻʵҲ㡣
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ȻֻܿһͨѾˡ
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ڣոˡַڵͫ׶棬ɱԽԽŪȻ浽ˣַѾҪɱ
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굱еڤ⾳ҲУС
֮ӣַɫˣײĻ̫ǿˣֻǽµľ̼仯Ϊĩ׵ռ䵱УģԼ䣬üΪ
û죬ΨεĻ籩
ˣַһͷɻķ籩ҪݻһУԼҪݻ١
棬ͬ뵽ˣɻ籩޷֧ˡ
ַ壬ͬʱƮǵ궼ڲ
Ȼַûзɱ棬ɲŭ𣬴ӿе£޾Ϲ⣬һ档
ɱ
ַͫ͸ŵɱôļͣκ赲ɱġ
֮ɢâ貶ĿҪ赲סԼߡ
𡭡
֮â֮£߷·𳹵׵ķŭַ𺳵ע£ǣȻںϣںϵһױȵؼ¡ŭ
һڣ֮ɡ
һڣĿ⺧Ȼ棬Ҳˣ


0385 ֮
۽壬ƵȺɴ˶һĬ
¼֮˰ռԪźҲûȥҪȥĻҲһù¼ҵĵ̣û˸ҵ͹
ʱȺԶƺڵȴʲôŵˣǵĿжмڴڴУмֵȻĮ
ȻʱƣһЩ֮˵üͷ΢΢棬ôûл
ʵŵЩ֮˶ɱַ㣬Ӧû⣬ǣɱһַ㣬Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ȴٳûг֡
Ҳǿ׽Ūַ㣬ʺϵ
аһҲЩ֣棬ΪλûлȻΪţҲû̫ࡣ
ȺҲڵȴҪ棬ܲɱַ㣬ַԴ
ʱ仺ĹȥŵȺеԽԽԵòͣûгַ֣㣬ͺʧһ޷ֵˡ
ҪҪȥ
ɽĶߵһɽһۣ漴ҡҡͷãɱһַ㣬´࣬ʲôµġ
ɽ΢΢ͷ˰벽û˵ʲôĵȴš
ʱ䣬š
ҿǻǲҪ˰ɡɽĮ˵һҲַĴˣûлΪȥ׷ɱַˡ
ɽķ֮Ŀ΢漴ߣҲţַѡ
Ȼô˵ԼѾˣһӣ峯žɽ̤µϢ׷ȥ
ҲȥɡˮĮ˵һ΢֮˸ϣŵһ̤뵽ɽҲ֪棬ûɱַ㡣
ɽĿ˸£漴һĮ³һ֣ߡ
¼ȺҲϡ
ˣȥһΣ⼸·ҲˣÿԿɽķ羰ңǻЩַûǺַһλ侳֮ˣվڵϣţж˿ûǣš
ҲŵˣûнǷУҪɱˣַ㡣
ζַ㣬ҽаַмָмûַǿʵ˼˵ϣַ㹻ƵƵɱŵˣȫǵ

ʱַ㣬̤֮ϣǰһĻ
ʱ£һƬߣеĲľȫݻˣƬĿռ䶼һƬ
ڤײ̫ǿˣǴ˿̣о£ȫԪ۶ɵڤÿ¡
ַͬ𾪵Ļ꣬ˣڸղһɲǣȻںһ𣬽֮ˣ㲻棬Ҳֱˡ
֮꣬ʧˣռ䴦ֻʣַһˡ
꣬ͷ֮ףϰԵУϹƣ֮ʵ飬ɫߵӰӣ֣ϳ֣ΪĹ졣
꣬ںϣ
ַͷҵĲţͻȻʶһ⣬˫꣬ΪţѵֻΪ
굱Уһ겻ս𲻵ãʲôã
ַ֪꣬꣬˫ӵߣǿ󣬵⣬ľͿڹ˫壿
ַͻȻо֪꣬ĺ١
һ;̫嫣ɲ⣬½ˣ׷ж֮֮۷塣
ѩ¶ԣ侳ѾǸ֣侳ϵǿߣԿԳƵѩˣ߸ϣ侳ַûм
½ԣ侳ǲǾͺ侳ѩһֻǴ½һأ
жˣһֻǴƤë
꣬½ޣΪʲôӵ꣬ҲеˣѣЩַԣ޷͡
΢΢ҡҡͷַ㽫˼أŸ̤侳ѣûа㽾ʱҲûʸȥӴ½
Ҫģǲϵıǿ٣̤֮ѩ²̤ڽ£˭ҡַ૵ΪʵߵǶӣ̧ͷһƬԪֱӱߡ
ַƵǣ¼ҺԪʱȷԪȴʸûУûʵûлȨ
ǿǿϵıǿַеᶨƵҪң£ͱҪǿʵܡ
֣
ַͺһֻֿɡ֮죻ߣͫӣ·Ǵûڹһ
ϢȷˣУںϵʱƺֱ졣
ַһղţжɱǿޱȣ˫ںһ֮ǣںϵӵɺߵĿ񱩰Ե׵ıߣ˵֮꣬棬ɵˣÿ¡
ţʱַͷһ漴صһϢϵ֮ףͻأĳХĸһ΢ЦĴ֣ģⴥ֣ſһ֮ס
ֻ֮꣬ף˿̣Ȼ˵֮ס
ǡ֮꣡
ַͷ͵£֮ףֲһ֮׵棬䣬һ˫ĺڰ֮ͫǣȻַ֮ꡣ
֮꣬ɣķ֧֮ף
ַĺݺݵ£̫ˣǰ޻ߺ꣬ħꡢ껹궼ˣ֮֮꣬겻⵮ǳΪһ֡


0386 Ϲ
֮꣬Ѿ뵽굱С
ĬƬַ̣ǣ¶һ˿ǳǳЦ⣬ǰƾܹ꣬ɱ˺ͬޣɡ
ӵַ֮㣬ҲԿˡ
ɣҪһͷܹշеޡַ㵭Ц£侳ַҲܶնУԪܴ֮޷ãٶҲ޷һֱ֤һͷޣⰿգ񲻿ա
һҪлл档
ַ㳯Զķһۣ漴žɽĸȥһֱûлȥŵػѰңɱ棬ɲŵˣŶ᲻ֶɱ
ԣַڲܻͷһҪϢס뿪˭֪ûʲôֶܹ׷Ϣ
ʵҲַ˳µϢˣҵַս֮أŵԼȺҲߡ
ĿޣȺͫ׶΢΢£𡢺ǿĻϢһжޣȻһս
Ϣͫ͵һòҵսַôܺս̶ֳȡ
ŵüͷ﷢ʲôȥˣ
ⳡսַ֮սɵģ
ʣȺͷʣǶҪ֪ʲôֻܿ²⣬Ϊַ㶼ʧˣϢûˡ
ô˵Ϣˡ˫üѾ嵽һ𣬴￪ʼ滹ַ㣬Ϣʧܹ졣
һ֮⡣ɽԱһ˵ͷ֮⣬Ӧַģ⣬ģԿ϶һսǲǻ˻޲Ͳö֪
ַ㣬û
Ⱥжһ棬ûɱַ㣬ĻϢʧҲ᲻صš
ȻַûһϢһʧˣôпܡ棬ˣ
һ²ȺԺлصʱȺģҲ̲ס£ŵˣǲ룬òȥ룬޷Ϣһʧ
ַֻɱ棬ȻϢ뿪Żɴ˿̵ǣ̫ˣȺȥţַ㣬ûңпɱ棿
ǰѣ
˵һεĺܺãɱ̺һ˿
棬пܱɱˣ޷Ϣսᡣ
ŵȺĻͷҲ̲ס£漴˵ͷžɽȥ
ҵȺĿҲ˸ַ㾹ȻյϣѵҪһƬȷѪ겻ɣ
ɽ׷ƮɣĿ͸żֻ䣬ôʶĳַĸִֺŵ꣬Ҳַһؽɱֱ󣬲űӡİɡ
ַϣɽ·𿴵˵ֺӰӡ

һ֮󣬾ɽַԼ֪Լĸλãֻ֪˿̵ƺѾ˾ɽء
ַ㣬ǳСĳǰţ˺һĸ֪ȥоΧһУɽѾޣвзǳֲޣԸȥǣֻԶԶıܿ
ɽԣáҲǵɽǺ˸̤룬ĪĻҲΣķû˸ַƾ˺һ֮ӵеǿ֪˵ͻһЩǿ
ޡħǡ
ʱַĸ֪УһͷѪ֮Ǿӵֻͫף˫֮⣬ü֮һֻ۾
ħǷǳϡٵޣǵֻ۾ԻˣɽѾ˼ͷħˡ
ϧˣħûóΪҵ
ַа˵ʱͷħͣǣͫ׻Χ·оڿһ
о񡣡ַβĿƿƬ̣ħ̤뿪
Ц£ַŲǰַ̤һСξͶסˡ
ԣ
ַһüͷ΢壬ӣʱַ㣬ȻҲбӵĸоâڱ
ôᣬҵĸ֪ô
ַüͷ˺һǿ֪俪ԶԶĴݳȥʲôûУֻïܵĴֲľ
ûУ
ַ¶һĨɫ޵ĸ֪ǿο˺һַ㣬ֱӵĸоԲдģַʶȥʱȴʲôûз֣ңǿ֮ж·ʧˣܹ
ַüͷָȻ΢΢ҡͷ漴Ųǰ̤·ʲô¶ûзһĸ֪ȴȫͷųȥ
ӵĸоٶȳַ֣ͫһŲͣ£Ŀ⻺ƶŵص׿ȥ
Ȼ˵صףղĸоֿ֮УǴӵص״ġ
ɡ
ַ³һĮַǰԶ漴һӰӰַͫҲȻһ
ޣΪϵޣһɫëëọ̈̄Ǳϣһ쿪ɫޱȡ
޺ͳħмƣȳħӵࡣ
ַԺ޵ļ䣬ͫ͵һ
ħ֪ǿ⣬ΪһϹ޵ѪϹ޵֡
Ϲ޾˵һֱȴ٣Ѱ˺Ѽ
Ϲޣ棬ɫ⬰ëţ绢ɫ˫ޱȡ
ַǰޣȫǺϣ


0387 ɽеӰ
Ϲޣ棡
ַͫһĨĹʣħ֣֮ǱܻΪôǱж
ңӵ֮ʵҲǷǳǿɡ
ַʱ棬ҲڶĿ˸һ׹⣬Ѫ졣
ݣ
һɫĻӰӹַͫһŲһȻһ
͡
Ѫڿзַؿڵѿ¶ţƤһʺѪҺ
ϣ亹ַ֣ûйȥŵ˿ڣĿĶ档
ÿ£
ַʶԼ˶ôµĴ棬Ȼֻ˷ܣȴϹޣɲ棬ֱӾͶɱȥһѪۼ
໡һͳ޺֮·Ծģ䣬ƹַϵԽԽʢ
ݣɫĻӰ֣һַоֱ̤ܿȻھ֮ʱ˫ɫȻбӴȻȫŤ˹ȥַ㣬һǳɣ졢͡˶Ҫˡ
ַͫһ㲻Լٶ̫ˣ֪ƶ켣Ƕ㲻
Ԫ˲Ϣ˳֮⳯͵ȥȻûп㣬ֱӳ浱Уɢַĺˡ
䣡
꣡
ѿַһѪҺײһ¡˷
Ųһ̤˫ڵ浱УַֹסĶǻĳ档
ʱַѾȷ棬Ϊ൱һٶȻôǿµٶȣַĪ޷ȡ
ҲַʶٶȣȷʵֻõϹޡ
ɫ֮Ŷ긡֣һߣȥַҪԣϹޣжǿ
ĽŲֻǶַ㣬ǰУ׹¶߽ס
͡ɫ˸һ֮⣬նѵûܵӰ죬ɳַȥ
ޡ
߷֮С˺ܶ࣬޶ԣٿǵжϣûκá
ҵġַһ˷ܵĹâԽԽ˷ܡ
ɸ֣ͷַҡҷмͷͷһɫ죬֮ꡣ
涢ֵĲһۣ޴ͫһĨɫֹס漴ǰ㣬ڵٶš
ݣ
ٶȻӰſѤޱȡ
𡭡֮֮ףֱӳȥ˲䣬Ӵҧסֱҧסһ䡣
໣˻һͫŵ֮ɫģıϣ̰ë𣬻һУڲ֮ϣͬʱһɷĻϷȼ
໡
쳤Х·ҪԶԶĴݿɫǰȥ޿赲
⡣
ַе͹һ֮Х»ٵǿޡ
Ϲޣ̫ˣַǰûм塣
һޣƺҲ̫˵ɣ
ͷХǰ֮굱УĹâŶ͵һ·ǶԼ
˶ͫ׷·ڽݣ֮⣬ƺҪ׵Ϲޣôܹ
أ
쳤ХһϵԽԽأ࣬ȻͼҪ棬ܲŭ
һɿֲĹ⻪ţȻţޱȵķŲ֮ף壬ǰַȥ
¡޷ܵסĿֲѣַ㿴һĻͫ͵һϹޣҲ̫˵ɡ
ջأַն»˸֮ſռ䡣
Ըˣ꣬ټ֮꣬Ը棬ʵֲ̫ˡ
С˭ˡ
ʱһַһղţȫۼϣȻûз˿
Ŀ⳯ԶȥֻһŲ̤ǴһĨЦ⣬Ц⣬ȴма֮
濴Ӱ߰ͷ­Ȼ΢΢ȥ漴ǰ걼ȥ
ߣŰת£漴ڵأƺһж޹ء
С͵ܳˡ
ЦҡҡͷԴ͵øˡ
ӣ긧ë·ڴ˰㣬ǳᡣ
ַվԭأüͷţ࣬ɽȻ࣬࣬ƺˡ
̫ˣַĿ˸޷͸졢ȴȻޱȵİ֪꣬Էôɽ
ңӰ·ɽеһ
С´οɲ׼ˡ
ƺЩ˵һ漴̧ͷַ㣬һĨȻЦƺ׽Ӵ
Ѵİɣ국һַͷ
ϲҵСٵԶǿɽеҵǿ͸㣬Сõѣɲ뿪ҡ
³çˣҲ֪Ļ顣ַ΢΢ҡͷ˵
ûϵ㲻ĻɷȥסһҲô㿴Ƭɽ
ЦҡͷƺȻûа⣬ַ㣬ȫ͸
ַ㣬ȻҲ֪Էʲô꣬ΪжǿԷܹշ棬ʵ϶Ƿǳǿ


0388 
ַԷ룬оЩ졣
סأмӣסɽȻȻ
ң˵ַ㿴ɽķ羰ƺ㣬Ȼûʲôط
һ࣬ɽ⴩У
֪סģַȴţ£й죬ܸоԾ
⸽һȥ졢塣Цºַͣ΢΢ͷ漴תĳһ̤ȥ
ַƬ̣漴ŲҲȥղôĶܲȫºܿͻǰ
ӾסһƬʯ֮أǾ޴ʯ飬ΧһţѻɽƬյ֮ϣڷһЩʯʯΣоƱס
ַоܹǣʯʯη˵ĸоǲײࡣ
ߵʯǰַ㿴һϵľƱףƱʯͷƣȴȫѲȱģףһס
ΣƱףɶҺòŪġ
ߵַǰЦ˵мԺ澲ĸţҲû֮·ǳ㡣
ַеĹоԽԽŪ̫ˣôеİ趼ôĲײ࣬ӣҲ̫˰ɡ
ͬ˾ǣ棬Ȼշ˷ޣ˳û˰Ƣ
ͣҸۡ
ǳڿַ㳯ʯɵʯȥ
ַ߽ʯޱߣɣͺһƬ
Ųһ磬ֱʧˣһֱ̣ӳ˹ǰ֮ϣ˫ַԣĿ·м֮
ͣ㿴ҵĶǲǺܰ
˫ſϲַĿоâ˸˿̵꣬ǳƣ·ߡ
ַͦ˵ͷǰһݣȻǿĴ
УʯԷ򣬾һƬƬңҡ˳Ϣ
ַͷ¶һĨЦݣƺַϿɡ
վһֱַߣַͫ͵һ
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ղַûпʱ꣬Լɿ̫壬ͺһӰһ
ٶȣѾֲˣٶȣƺ滹Ҫ졣
Ȼǿַ㰵ľҲ֪ԷǺˡ
һֱסɽУַ㿴̲꣬סһ
ԣһֱסɽУѾܶˣ꣬Լǲ˵ͷ̹Ȼĵ
Ϊβȥַʵ
ȥЦˣЦúܹ죬Ҳȥܿ죬Ҿͻȥˣһ죬Զˡ
Ե濴ϵЦݣ΢΢·Щη壬ڵϣһԡ
ޣܹԣַĻ涼
ȥַüͷ΢壬ӵĻƺȥȴȥ·ʲôַоˡ
Ȼȥ֪жģҲСһֱˡӣ§뻳Умᡣ
˳ޱȣ§ţͫ׾΢΢ˡ
һĻַһԣ⻹ǸղӴ𣿴˿С˳һ
ãԺҲһֱˣֱҳȥ졣̧ͷַЦ£ַĿһ
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УҪ
ҡҡͷַ˵ַüͷһ塣
вңַ¶˲õɫ꣬ԽԽоԾˡ
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ûַ㣬ַ߹ȥɳơ
뿪УԲСҡҡͷ֪ɽд˶𣿰ꡢǧꣿԼҲǲˣֻ֪ܾáܾá
ꣿǧꣿַüͷһ壬ܣôǧ꣬侳ǿߣԪ侳ǿڣҲֻԪ
ǧַ꣬㲻֪ʲôΪǿߣ٣Ѿ˰ɡ
ɽɱ¾ɱ¾ҡҳ㣬ôȤ
ûȥַô룬ֻԹ˵˵š
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ȥ
ַĶĤ͵һŲ΢ζ£ʱɿֱ֣ˤڵϣУŶĶŭƺͷԼѹ֡
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ˡҺܿܳȥˣò˼꣬񣬺òиôߡôߣ졢壬á
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תĿ⿴ַ㣬ַҲԴȻһը졣
ֻ˿ͫף졢졢֮棬ϣһ·֣£ⲻ۾Ҳ
찡
ַѾ޷˿̵𾪣꣬ˣǡޣ


0389 ֮˵
ѹ֣ѹסɽȴûκ顣
ѹ棬˵η
һжȻַ˶ԷĻѾ˼ꡢǧ꣬Ż˵Ĺ¼š
ȷ޵Ҫܻ࣬ãǰޣڻΪ˺ôܲе¶į
ЩҵκͲȱȫףҪȥ磬˵
ڲͣĲţܿ죬ӵݱָֻ糣ĲҲֹͣͺʲôûзһԷ˫ͫ׶ַ㣬ŵĮЦݣЦݣȴַоڡ
˵ޣΨܹΣû֮壬˵֮ԡ
ַǰ޿ԣˣޣּޣǽ磬̤ѩ£Ե߸ѩˡ
Ҫ侳ǿڣܹ⡣
ַЩ׵ǣԷΪʲô˵̤ܿ磬ڲܣ
Ŀ⽥侲ַʹԼָƽʵǰȻѾΪˣҪ̤磬ʱ԰ɣαػҪ
ַ㣬ûʱҪ뿪
ûʲôӣ޺ǰ޲ͬӵԼǻۣңַ֮㲻ʲôȻޱŰɱ˺γѪ
ΪڻǱǿ߿᲻ֶɱңҳΪǵޣԶֹĿڵַĿһͣȷǿ̤磬ô᲻ЩǿȥԶᣬ޾ȱǿߡ
ǰ˵ٹһʱͿԳȥˣΪΣַ㲻ʵ
ַĻЦˣЦøĿɨһ۵ϵ棬ֻ˸һҶ֪һжôıꡣ
֪Ŀת»صַϣ۽ǵЦԽԽ
ַЩ׶ԷǺ⣬΢΢˵ͷ
ǺǣҲ޷޵ңͿӵ֮壬ΪˡĿһĨâɳƵĵȥ޵Ϊˣͷβࡣ
ţַüΪࣿɻΪˣܳΪࣿ
ͣ㻹ɣ࣬ԶǴ½ˣ֮飬űǿսƾױȵԣǻһЩɾ֮޸ǿǱûޣȴѾע˵ģڵһ̣츳Ѿעˣֻ֮ܿˡ
ַ㰲ţǵһ˵ΪǰûϽӴȷʵԷ˵ˣ֮飬ؼ䣬һЩޱǿޣǳעӵױȵĿֲ츳ǣ嫵Ĵ½дȱţǿбǸǿѹƣˣ½
ޣ츳ע֮ͿˣǱû޼ޣֻҪܹ
Ȼǻһڿʱ򣬻һξ񣬻ΡΪˡ
εķʽ֣һɱ޵ʱԻû壬ޣֻһ£¶ϢҲ޵Ϣеڶ֣׵׵ĻΣ֮壬Ϊ࣬࣬ûǰ֮츳ȴԡ
ַ𾪵ɫΣ֣һΪһΪˡ
һޣԳ׵ױࡣ
Ȼվŵޣѡ˵ڶֻΣҪΪ׵׵ࡣ
ǰڻڣַһ˵ͷڻڡ
ǰ̤֮СҲûκεǰɡַ̽Եһ
£ַ¶һĨ֮Ц漴ڵܴΣһ໯Σףκε޶ڶֻΣڻڼ䣬޵ΪܵҲ˵ڵңûʵֻλһܳɹʧܣΪ󽵣ʵһðգðա
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߻γɹļʣַĿ˸£˼ʵ
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ԣǰҪߣ
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ַҲûȥ֪ûκεã⿴ƽޣȴɴаѪڲľٶ¶ŭԷὫ˺ˡ
ʱַֻ֪һ⣬ڻڱΪ󣬻жǿս
ôǿˣ˳èҽһжңΪȻʵǿ˼ɲŻ˵ҲַԼ
ʲôʵҿԶ㡣ɳƣеЦԽԽа֮죬ٶȳס
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ھ͸㣬ᡢһһγɹ֪޵˺ޣҪҪΪ׵׵ˡࡣͷĿ΢գɳƵ͸żȵΣһ֪ȥ˺Ҫ


0390 ջ
ڵϵĻ̧ͷĿпκεı顣
Ҳ֪һԷγɹΪࡢ侳࣬ͻɱ֪
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ȻϹޣʵԷ
޴˸£漴ſڵϣƺûĻ㣬Լ塣
ַ㲢ûע⵽棬˿ֻǿĬĿŶԷ
Էֱӵĸȵγɹڡ
ͣ˵ЩȤĻ⣬ֻҪ뿪Բ֮أҵĹͣʱ䣬죬ҲԺСˣȥƬɽľɫ㣬ۼ֤һǿΪȫȫࡣ
Ͳںַ뷨Ҳ˵ˡ
Բַ૵һ
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ַ˵ͷ漴Ųֱ̤̤ȥ߳
£漴ĿһаЦҲûȥַֹ㣬ĵַ̣㣬ôܻ뿪ˡ
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ַĿĵţԲ֮أСֺܴƬ⣬ûޣƺ޵Ľء
޵ʶҪǿö࣬ǿ̤ĵ̡
ЩޣҲԼ̤ƬɽУˡ
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ٲϿգɽ֮ϣһһվļ֮ˮڽҲֻǰĿַ㡣
ΣȻޣ档
һȡ֮ǽԪʯԸڵԪ֮ͬʱȥ򣬴ӶΪ硣޿ַ㣬Ŀ˵ȻҪΪ࣬ȻҪϤһС
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תĽŲ̤뿪ߡ
棬عͷһۣȵԷ뿪֮ͻȻһԾֱַǰ
壬Χǵַ㻺תĿ¶˼ɫ
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еһͣ£ַǰ漴צԪʯ֮ϡ
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Ŀɶַ㣬Դ΢΢˵㣬ȷˣַǼַѾͻ˾硣
㿴ˣûиΪ޲𣿡
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬Ϲ棬֮ޣţѾŤ˰ɡ
У濴˳ǰȥԷУǾʲôϹޱ˵η
ַҿ϶棬͸
ͫ׶ַ㣬ĿһĨ׹⣬ޡȻޣϹޣһͷͨޣֻΪ缸꣬Ϊǿ󣬾ͽץߣ棬Դ˭֪ѹǿŭ棬ŭ棬ͷţͷţҲûá
㲻˵װ˳ɣȴèһԴʱ޿̲Ѱһ뿪ɱ
ַջϵѹֺͷŭĿ⣬塢Ķַ㡣
ַĻһشͷ
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ַĻ΢΢ſ¶ޱȷ·Ҫһҧַĺ
ŭôڵ㣬ֻһѡ񡣡ַ㿴е׹⣬ĵɱֻҪɱܵõѣлɣΪϹޡ
໡
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ɱͶˡ
ǣҪַ֡ٶȿڵҪңڻڵսжǿ
꣬ͻƵַ֣һͷ֮ףĴַıǰǲ֮ϣ֮ꡣ
𡭡
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ַżջĿͷ֮⣬Ķַ㡣
һֶܶԸҪ֪һУҲáҲգֻһλᣬ򣬾ͼĳһֱȥϹޣ﻿һ
һڣֱȥ
ĶĤƣͫޱȵıѪΪϹԣǶôǿҵ衣


0391 շ
ַĻ
Ȼȫַ㣬ޣôࡣ
ȴֲòַĻɱǼһַһΪϹޣûüԼĹʣͽ
棬벫һǣַҪȻЩϢʲô
Ŀ⣬
ֶַν׵ĿסôַҲһԽ浱﻿
㲻ģҲģúɣҿ㣬ǵĹϵҲǵͬģǻ飬Ὣ㵱һԴҺͬҪʵҪϹ޵ҡ
ַ㿴ԥĿ⣬ڵ
аͷûַ㣬һַĿҲԲ˷Ϲ޵츳
Ϣһڿڴ涯ҡˡ
ҶԸǶ㣬Ҳ壻ɱҽȳңܱȸãΣ㶼ʧ
ַ֪ʱѾҡҪջ󣬲ʳĵֿϾϹޱƣԷѽܡ
໡
ͺһַĿȻо裬ִѾղôǿˡ
֮ڰ֮ͫ⻪ͷţƶȥ
һ𣬶һΣ㲻Ҳ
֮ĹϵʱҪַֿĻǸ߰ͷ­΢΢ˣûȥַֿ㣬ڰ֮⣬֣֮
治ַ¶һĨЦݣһ˳һշһͷϹޡ
֮ޣֶΣâֶԷڰ֮ͫ죬ַܹĸо꣬Լǰôһ֣͸оԼƿָ꣬о̫ˡ
꣬ǿ
ַ૵꣬ԷǵĵֿӰԷǶԷ겻ǿԳ룬ֱӿơ
ܹ꣬׵ĿסޣѾܿˡ
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ͺһԵͳԴţƺЩˡ
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ַ֣ϵԴһɲ֮⡢澳ʵ֮⣬ǿҵļ־Ҳܵͷ­Ŀַһۡ
èޣڻڣΪڼӵļ弶޵ʵ
ַԺϣèǿȻֻһͷè
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һͷޡ棬̵˵һеһĨ־ɢǳɵԷ
㵹ͦȻ뵽ֶƭһͷϹޣһΪһԹ䣬ȻĬ˵İš
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ַ֮£ôѵɱɣ̫Цˡ
ͲҪǣַ㣬ҲܳΪޣҲûʱ档
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ô˵ַͷ
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㵱ͣɽкúһȴû뵽˲֪ôҪƫƫֻʹ
èϵаԽԽŨϣѪ֣


0392 ս
޾ޣĲϵѪ֮һֱΪˡ
ַ㿴ǰεèһèеѪ֮ŨɳƵĵأΪ࣬ӵ˵ƾҵʵиʲô͸ʲôҪɱ˭ɱ˭񲻿ա
ҪΪˣֻǧУҪΪʸУϵѪ֮ɢΪˣЩǿҲ㡣
ַҡͷ˵èҪΪˣΪ̫ãɽѾеȤ¶ԲˣϣҲһ˵Ӱӡ
Ҳ˵ˣڣ㻹ȿԼɡ
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һֻǰ£漴˲˳ȥռһӰӡ
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죬ͳ޺𲻶ϴдĿȫǳ֮ɫ׹⣬죬ˣèѾ̫ãѪ֮Զʧˡ
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Ҫ嶯
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ַɽҸطͻƣȴ棬һֱ⼸죬ͨȡϵԪʯԼ壬ԪԼΪٽһһУֻˮɶѡ
ʵϣ죬ѾͻˣŻèǴַ㣬ûԪ⻪ַֻԻǵġ
ַ㵽ڸʲôԼҲ֪
ǣΪʲôء
èɳƣĳַȥ淢һͺַߡ
ַ˵ֶζԸè䲻Ǻţлмġ
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ַͫ׽ڡ飬ڰ֮ٶȸ֣˫ӵУżһĨ貵Ĺ⻪ţޱȡ
ţèüͷһ壬ղ貵Ĺ⻪ȻоԼ·Ҫ͸ֵĸо
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ʲôèڤɫĺڰ֮𣬻Ӧ÷ǳǿû뵽ַ㾹ЩֶΡ
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Ҳַ㣬У¶һ˿֮ɫַŻ棬ܹԸè
Ŀ⵭ɨһۣèѪԽԽЦ˵ΪƾһźɫͿԶԸҡ
˶ĿһͣĶèûƾһŻ棬ַܶԸµļһ
ţڲϵļˡ
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ǣ
֮͵ĳַӿȥַڵһն
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ַֻû£ͷһ漴Ŀ΢΢ֻϿշޱȵצץ£ץԴ
צ֮ϣſµ⣬ǱץַԴᱬѣ


0393 ħ
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ǣը֮èצͷţں֮ϣèӰһʧˡ
ڰУַĸоһ˫צ̽è˫ӣѪ׹⡣
ýթޡַͷĮèΪȻΪʵǿ󣬵Ըȴ˽թȥײޱٶȶԸɱ
ϾèʵֻҪַ㱻һ£ҲҪˡ
ҵֱ񡣡ַ㰵һ˲³צ֮Ӱԭλô쵽Ӱ
èҲż嵹תûһצӡַ㣬ַ㼱æֵֵ̧æҡ
èǰַ㣬ֻҪֵܵķݣҪèͲܣΪè塣
һԵѪ壬Ķſ˸ˣģҲ³սŸоַ㣬ܶԸè
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ǱǸùˡ
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˶Ҳ£Ķַ㣬ɽ⣬
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һɿֲħַƣַ·ħ֮⽣УǿҵĲ֮⡢Ѫ֮⣬ǣԹޡ
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ֻǶݵ˲䣬è͵ַǰ

ַŭһ¡¡촫һޱȿֲħƷֱӳèŭԹֱӲèԺУèоǶЩ塣
צڿռһץè˻أһ¡ľ죬ַܿɽڷıѣʯ
ҪʹԻ֮ͨ
ַһ𣬴˿ϣһħƵĽַ壬ϵĲš
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ڣħݵĿסˡ
ֻһ˵İԵ˵ǿңǾŽ֣жôֲ
ַ㣬Բô


0394 ⿪
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ΪĻ⽣Ϊ磬Ҫߡ
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˿ݣѾȫ֮ݣų֮ɫޱȡ
Ŀⶢַ㣬Ѱҿ϶ַħһֱ裬ںǱҲҪɱַ㣬ɱһССࡣ
ַҲ֪Է뷨ħǺǿΪ磬ԦˣٶҲĻèҺսӶ뿪ˡ
ڣèѰһɱһ
Ѫͫ׷·ŨԹޣƺ֮ܵ־Ӱ죬ַЦһӳħƹ
ĽⲢûкèèһ漴¶һ˿ޱȱЦ⡣
һһӰè峯ַȥ쵽˼顣
è·Ѿƣ͵һʱ֮ף˵ĴĿġ
ַ˿ûԽԽͫףô䣬ûκεĲ
촫ɫľ޾ɫ߾סèȻ˿̵èȫ֮𣬶ٶȿ쵽£ֺֻ꣬𲻵̫á
è壬ַԽԽӣԽԽ
һֻ֮צַץȥ˸
ɣ
ַͺһ䣬֮˲˳ֱӽҧסè嶼ȫ
èĺַĽ漴ն£쵽˼顣
ɱ
ĺЯŹħ˲ʧ˻ȥؼ䣬Ψһɱ¾Թ޵һ
èͫɫ󺧣˫ꡢ
˶ݵʱ䣬ַĽһΣΪ϶ʱ㹻Ըַˣƺ͹꣬һ˫꣬Ƭ̣ݵƬʱ䣬㹻һսˡ
ħԼǿޱȵĽնȥ

һޱХлصè׵Ļһɽ֮ţ·ʲôˡ
ħƷռַֻһǿ谭ħն£һƬ磬·Ҫ嶼
⿪ˡ
ַͷ΢ɿֲϢϢ
è֮ʱܵʵѹƣܵʲôԼ׽⿪ڣħնϣèҲһУ⣬Ϊֲ
µ棬˫͵ޱǿҵ˷֮ɫˣַ㣬Ҫնɱһˣңȵ⿪˽
ΣǻΪ࣬ǲתģ˹򣬸޳Ϊ˵ĻᣬҪתУһڻڽ⿪ָ֮ʵôӴԺΪƽƽޣֻܵõݵǿʵָٳΪ
ʱèħնµʱתΣΪҲζ׵׵ˡ
棬û΢Ϲ֣ӣҪˡ
Ѿèڻ˳ţϹ޵֮ĥûˡ
˫ĶſУַնµһèòҪзĻᡣ
èХһ˫צſоʮָ·ʮʶĿȽҪ
ɱ
ַĺڰͫޱȵļͣȫϣ·ն£ϵĴʮָצն


0395 
ɿֲϢɢһΪһΪ
֮ɱ¾Ѫ޾Թ֮Եа죬ױȵķŭ
Ϣ˺ſռ䣬նèʮָצ£ȴֻèʮָϵצٶͬʱèҲˣ쵽¡
͡͡
ѿռϢţèХһħ֮նϣ¶һƬѪ죬һƬѪ죬ת˲ָèϢȴԲղţ˺֮ܶ࣬־塢衣
̫ǿˡ
ħ£ûնɱèַ㿴վڶӰĿ¶һĨϧɫʵ̫СħǿҲҪǿԦַ㣬޷ԦˣĲ಻֪жɱһվǱûɱ
Ҳ£͸ŪŪʧ֮ɫûɱվûܹɱè
⿪Ϊè̫ǿˣʱҲһǳΪжôǿɽУ˭ΪΪ̤һУ̸˵Դڻˡ
𡭡èзһèХХ
ЦѾĻСĽΪгһܹΪˣΪַ࣬һ£ˣеĻ룬ˡ
ָֻ֮ȴûаĸˣΪתè֮һôҪˡ
һʱͻΪһͨͨҰèûԡûֻһֻСòĳҲᱻȻҲпȥ
뵽ЩһУèף쵽ֲĶַ㣬ַ㣬Ϊ֮һΪ֮һ
Ҳô׽⿪ġ
ַ㿴èа˵è֮ʱ⿪пµĺɣèҲôСĽһֱڶֻ߶ڷԲ֮
צָٶ˳еһпֲ֮ŶèҪַַ㶼ѾƻһУҲ޹˼ɡ
ɱ
ַŭһèûй֮ǰһ˳ȥѪħ֮һӳŷħһ

èͬХŭ𣬺ħƲһͬʱ׵֮߷¶ַɱȥ
¡¡¡
ط·Ҫըѣèַ֮䣬쫷緭ޱȡ
̫ˣӵħɱˡ
ַȻûԤϵèܹ⿪ָʵȻѾˣͲлͷɱҪɱɱҲҪɱ
ɱľͻַ㣬ӹɡ
ַֻһĿռٶըѣױȵɱ⽫ס
ַ㣬ʼˣ֮ûħ֣Է޹˼ɣͲ֪ɱء
񣬼ӵħٶԸ֮èˡ
൱侳ǿߣѩ£֪ûǿĴڣַħܹԷˣѾ㹻Ժˣַ־͡ħħֲ˸ղһС
èǽ⿪ָ֮ΪղһַѾɱ
ַͫױ䣬˿̵ֻ֪èǿȴⲻèķŭ;Ϊղŵһè̤һ֮·
ʱ䣬⿪˽ӵжݵǿֻҪʱһͻʧȥΪնɱ
һַԺַĿһӰס棬ַ֮Ѿͨ治Ҫ˵ԽԼ뷨ݸ
ʱһͻʧȥеΪԭˣַͫ¶һ˿ɫ壬ټ˺
è֮³һַһҪ

è΢΢룬漴ʧַǰģһͷ׵׵ޣŻëèè壬ȴʨҪӴԵøĹ졣
ޱߵèţצһץգ˳ȥַ㣬ֻһ˲䣬ͽַϿա
ַһն£¡¡ħնѿռ䣬һΣèû㣬һ˫צֱץסħ˫ֲצϣ貵İ׹⣬צӣȸҪӲһĽ֪Ҫ١
ħȻץסħɷ޾Ľ֮־èڣè۾Ѫ
ϡ
һ촫ַıһħ֮Ӱ֣ĴַϸţĿģ֮־ӵĿֲˡ
Сַ嵱Ун
èͫд֮ɫĮޱȣһôǿˣַ㣬Ȼֹӵһôôһ
ҲסˣĿַ㱳ǱϸĽ̫ˣַûƭַ㣬ֶοԶԸèֶΣ˵ģ⿪èܹԸ
𣡡
ַŭһ𣬳յУֲħƷأǿ󲻿˼顣
ħˣèĿ˸ݣܶԸ
è˼ʱһɿֲԹַıϣһĸ
ַ㱳ϸĽѾǵˡ
ʱèѾ֪жôˣһħǿ̶ֳȣħжǿ
ħڿ֮ʱؼ䣬Ψħ
è¶һ˿ɫʵϣУԶиıַıַ֣ڣĸ

è쳤̾һצȻħ£漴廯һ뿪ֻ˲ʧӰ١
ˣȻʱʧȥΪٻߣͻһϣ⣬֪ıħֲʲô̶ȣ


0396 ֮ŭ
èˣת˲ӰӶˡ
ɽнĴڣǱݣڲúͻΪһͷͨͨèҲèҪһط
𣡡Ƭ̣ڿգŭĿţһɷ֮š
𡢺𡭡
ĺؼݣ棬ڷййеıʮˣèʮ裬Ǽһˡ
Ȼʱַͫףôĺڰ䣬ĮıħֻԼףܼԦˣڣֻħڿкХҵ趯ţԵħƣַֹˣоǼħ
գ
ַһͺȣڱϸĽһ³ʧûַ嵱Уַ롣
ַĮϣҲһƲ԰ס
ַٶŭһĻ֮˳ȥƯħ
ȻħȴڷĲХ֮ȥǲûлȥҪɵַ㳯˳Ļͬʱָ־ֱ뵽ַڣַĺڰͫг˱Į֮⣬ɱ¾֮Թ
ħҲڸȾ
һַ̧ͷٶŭǧƻǵħѹסͬʱһϵǣħлƶţħڱǣƶͬʱڲݣ·Ҫѡ
ڰͫȻŸָ־ַɱѣĹâڣħַϣûַڣʧͺûгֹһ
Ҳȥַ㽫еĽֱӲԼϵΪܣַĿҲһЩֱӽ
ıħȫʧյУͷ·ûгֹһؼ䷭ݵħƣҲƽ
͡һƺɫѪַ³ӿµ䣬ַҲ׹Ѿ᲻ˡ
ݡһâ潫ַ׹סַϣȻ建½ٲ·һʯ֮ϣ漴ַ
ַǣĺڰ״ָ̬߳ͷϣǺˮҲſţڴڵĺſ
ʹħ̫ˣͬʱҪħķɡħĸ־Ϯġ
ʹһħǼˣ˿ԪľԪĻҪֲħʹãὥıħĸ־ȾֱһΪɱ¾ߣԹء
ħ̺־·ӵڵԦˡ
Ҳ֪ʱܹԦħʱҲնɱ˰ɡַ૵һһܼԦħѩ¹ַΪ
һַԳԪʯ۾ֱַӿʼԪʯ̺Ԫɡ
ʱַ㣬ʵ̫ˣҪԪֲ
վַԣ˶ǵַ㣬ƺ¶˼ɫ
èˣַƣַ˵Ὣ飬ǳ
ңַèսҲóַӵѪ֮ˣèԴ
ţ΢΢£ͷգϹ棬δˣ;ʯŵ˽ܵϵһַ㣬ˡ
ûַ棬Ѿھɽĵط˼ޣղħԼ֮ϢͷŵǰֲӶôܸҿߡ
ǻܻ֮ΪҪ
ʵϣַ㶼û뵽ǰ֮⣬ˡ
ħƺ죬ڰܹоԿԶħơ
Щˣŵˣַ棬ȻǵĽ³ˣɲʡ
Ѿˣ׼룬ʱǸоԶħԼ
ħӦħǿߵõħɽŰ
ŵĸɽߣ˵˾䣬΢΢ͷħ̺ſֲ⣬ħɣû뵽ħ汻˵õˣһԦԸǿޡ
û뵽ħûбȫԦס뵽мԦħǿߣַ㡣
ûκ˻뵽㣬ʱŽɽӡѵʱַ⼸˳ǣǾʹûַǻõħΪַǻ̫ħʹ÷ӡѣ˵õˣ붼ûǷȥ롣
жȻΪħλǿȥˡ
ħϢ૵һܵõһͷǸöôֲϧܣܹġ
ǹȥ뿪ɽʵ
ĬƬ̣Ŀâ漴ĵȥɣǵõħǿ߻ɱǣҲַѾɽС
ȻˣҲҪˡѣһȥһ̹ǣʵѾܹ϶棬ˣܶ˶֪û˸˵ͱֽ
ôģû֪ǻǲַܹɱģֻܳΪһˡ
ȥͺһתԶȥɽȥ̾Ϣһʼ֪ͨŵˣɽ
һӰɽϿմǰУ˼ɣЩˣŵǿߣܹԦޣ޸ǣˡ
һ粨¼ҵõһƬԪûеõʲôҲûʧʧ桢ĵӣ档
ⳡ粨ĵַ㣬ȴջ󣬵õԪʯݡħϹ档
ⳡ粨Ļһ粨Ŀʼѩµķ粨


0397 
ɽٲ֮£һӰգ̤ڰ֮С
ٲ֮ˮĳӰ壬ӰȴɽĴǣ˿
Ԫ֮ٲɢĻɫ󣬶ٲ治Զһʯ֮ϣһſٲеӰ
𣡡
һͺ֮ٲеӰڿգٲϴȥٲ֮ʱ£һֱϣһ˳ƶ¡
ظһʱӰŻͣգ۾ĸٲ֮ˮˢԼ塣
Ӱַ㣬ſھʯ֮ϵޣȻ档
𡭡зһͳ޺ʯ漴ת˫峯Զɽжȥ
ַ㲢û棬վٲУڽè뿪ָ֮漴Ҳûм뿪ѡʱƬɽС
£ֻΪٶȡ
ַʱս̵̣ᵽԼٶϵĲ㣬ٶȲˣΪȱǿˣս෴ΪˣٶҲˣֻбŰķݡ
ٲУüˢ壬ַܴܷá
һַٲг˳ڿնһûٲĳֱַޱȵˬо嶼ƺ˺ܶࡣ
һ治ʵַ㿴һΧӰ¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢һҲͬɽ˸ȥ
Ƭַ̺ɽһƬִֻһεضĴ̫ڵסһƿҰľ޴󲨶ϴĳһطǿңѵ첻ϵĴ
棬ںս
ַĿһٵĳϢĵطȥܿ죬һƬյ֮ϣΪңľɡ
ͷޣڰյУ໥š
ַŲһŴ֮ϣӰһͷ棬ŵޣһͷɫ塢ɫ
ٶڿ˸Ϣ쵽˼飬ͬȼޣٶܹᲢ۵ġ
ַĿ⿴ǳѿɫǰŷݷ·Ҫ⣬ѿ죬ݣĲλӲܹ˲ҧ޵ĶʳԷѪҺ
棬¡ַ㰵ֹһȻûϹ޵ƾٶȣͬ޵УҲ˭ϾٶȲΡ
֨֨һ̶촫һΣɫ˸ֻҪϸ΢â
졢̫ˣַ۾оٶȡ
һԣ˻ƶٶԽ죬Խǿ󣬾ͱַȫյʱܵӭ紵ϡ
˿ٶȱȫ֮ʱٶȶҪ죬ȴо磬Էƺ飬ûκַо졣
𡭡Ҳˣ֮ҲĿ죬ֱӳײȥצ˸ŷĹ
ûкײһô飬ڿҪײʱͻȻ
̧ͷſ죬Ļ³ȥͬʱĻɫٶȸһա
ٶȻҲܿ죬óģٶȣ֮ʱԸомǿֻıסˣٶֿµĵز
ַ㲢ûǵսģֻ
棬ǿ˷˿ֲٶȣ츳ٶȣеʱ򣬺ûʲôһ
ͬΪܹͬٶȣΪ£ܹļٶһ㶨ֵ⼫ٶȼǲܴﵽģνٶȣǲϵĳ⼫ٶȥ£谭Ҵﵽٶȵģƶ֮ʱû֮ƶٶȾ൱ڼٶȡ
ַһ˿򣬺ܼ򵥵ĵ侳ؾΪļٶȰǣģƽӽԼļٶȡ
˼ַ̤״̬Ƭضޱȵ
ַ㣬Ϊǿ꣬ͱȣƲٶȣԡ
ܶŵٶȱַҪ죬ΪߣսͲһʤ˵ַϡ
޵ԣҪͬΪͬǽޣǿ֮Ľܹնɱһ
ԣַĿһƺͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬һľâ
ԣղ룬Ǵġ
˻ޣٶȣûм޵ģԶмޡ
˺ƶʱ򣬷磬ٶȼǣޣܹ磬Ϊ˳ĻͻƱļˣø졢һܲ졣
ַͻȻٲĳʱٶȺ½ʱٶܶ࣬Ϊ˳ơ
˻ƶ磬ȡٲãǹơ
ǣȥȻķ磬ƶһģܹƷ硢֮
磬ؼڷ档
ַԽԽˣн֮ƣ磬ȻҲз֮ƣĲ΢ޱǿҵĸӦ΢֮磬Ȼ㡣
ֻҪܹ֮ٶܲ졣
뵽⣬ַ۾ıˣΧһַ㣬ȴ·ȫоˡ
оɽо滹ս˿̸ܵģΨϸ΢µķ磬һƵĴϣ
ַֻʣ˷磡


0398 ֮ɶ
нƣ磬Ҳз֮ơ
ƣԵһɱһˣƣϢоĴڣȴ޴ڡ
ʱȫ뵽еַ㣬ĸŷϢһƵƮϣ·ɶ
ƺãַ·ֻɲǼ䣬ַ΢΢һ£΢һССĶȴ̺ϸ΢ı仯˺һֻ֮Ҫǽ״̬΢̫ˡ
һַҲ·Ƶʡɶ÷޴ѰС
ƵʣҵĶܺͷݣһô磬Ϊá
ַ㰵˵ϸ΢Ķͣһξĸţŷĸоŷɶ
ǹһЩʱַһζĳǰ˸š
磬赲ǰС
ַĲ谭ԽԽСͷ֮ϵԽԽܡ
ڣַ֮ɶȫڵһ̣֮ʧˣ׵׵ʧ
֮ƣǷ֮ƣַ૵һͣ
ս˿̵ѾԴˣ϶ѾѪ˿
Ȼٶȿ죬ÿһ˲棬ǱˣʵǺвСĲ࣬ƾٶȣͱɱˡ
֨֨
죬ٶ˸ȥģٶ첻٣ÿһζ޹ˡ
𣡡
һΣзһ˻𣬿ֲ˻͸ޱǿҵ֮
ɫ˫ſַĿ̵ǣţޱȵľ޴󣬷·Ҫա
𡭡һŭٵıպϣһΣƶӵѾܹ͵ϮҺսоܱ
ĿǱޱȾ޴С۾͸һĨǿҵĿ־֮⣬һХ岻棬ת෴ķ񱼶ȥ
¡¡ɫľ޴պϣÿռ䶼һ죬ֻһͱ赲ס壬Ӷ˳
ɫľ޴ſĿ¶׹⣬ֱǼһˣֻһ㣬ͿԽˡ
˫Ӷ濴һۣ漴Ŀɨַ㣬漴ɫſ˸׼뿪
ҪҲͶԷսϾսкܴĲ࣬ƾٶȣҲûηͬޡ
̹ȻַԻһ΢磬ַ¶˹ɫһƺûнַأǰͲںֺ
ַһĮ֮ɫ漴嶯ˡ
ơ֮ɶ
ַƶ壬ȻûκεϢ磬ƺûСƺںһ顣
濴ַ嶯ˣ쵽ӰͫײɵôᣬַôͻȻôˣ
ٶȣƺѾٶˡ
浱ǺַսҲۿַèսַĹǿٶʱַٶȣȻϡ
ƺҲоʲôԴ΢΢ת漴㿴ַ㣬˫С۾˲͸׹⡣
ɫһȻӿ죬۹ַսʱǰѡսĻ
ӵõô
ַ¶һ˿ĮЦݣΪ˸۰ɡ
΢΢£Ƹǿַ㻯һ⣬졢쵽˼飬쵽ٵĻᶼûС
ַָ⣬һĨޱȵĽƣ·Ҫ͸գܵɿֲĽ⣬󺧣ӿһУѾˡ
͡͡
һĨֲֻĽֱ뵽壬ŰݻһС
֨ѽʹХ֮嶨ɫȴ޷ƶֺ¿׹ȥ
һ׹ڵأֱſɫ̯ҪȴҲɲ
ַ㣬侳صΪֻһޣֵܵסַһָһָУ̺ǿҵĽ֮⾳
˳ǰһɫ漴̧ͷַһۡ
Ҫ
ַ㿴еĹâĮһҲûԥֱӵ˵ͷ
Ǿ͸ɡַӦһ淢һͳĺ漴ſݣֱҧϡ
˿˿ʹХ֮棬λʹ࣬һڿڵ˺ҧϣֱҧȡԺе޺ˣȻһڡ
ַֻǰĿһУʱѪԼǱ̵޺ˣĿвһĨ֮ɫޡҲ޵޺ˣ޺ˣ֮潫ͬΪһ޺̵ҲܵõһЩôŶԡ
潫޺ڴһ֮Ҳһͺ̧ͷ˶Ŀ⿴ַ㣬¶صɫ
Ѿʶַٶȣڲǰģ⼸ַٲдٶȣղţҲоַһƺؾٶȸ˰ɡ
ǱȻֲܿѹèԸ֮ΣҲҪγΪࡣ
棬Ƭɽʲô𣿡
ַ㿴棬һƬɽҲ˲ʱգóȥˡ
Դҡ£ΨкޣЩûκεɣè
ǳȥˡַЦ£һֱӽıϣǾ޴Ļɫ䣡


0399 ɱ
۽Ķ棬ǾѾʧΨһƬŨԪڿƮ
Ȼʧǰ۽֮ˣ۽ˣȴ
ƬֵԪ¼Ѿ½ɣǷ֣ƬԪ̫ˣݺἸʮأ˵ԲʮһƬ򣬵صȫԪʯ
۽׶ҲУΪǰƬԪ̫ˣûиоԪԪɣƬ򣬶ԪռƮŵģҲȫԪ
Ϊˣ¼˽Բ֮ĵȦϾǾɽУɽޡ
ԪҲò
Ȼ¼Ȼס޽ȴѩ¹̤Ƭ򣬵Ҫعأֻ׼Ƭҵط׼ԪʯһƷԪʯУ¼ҵĵߣ˭Υɱ˭
ȺҲ¼Ϊŭѩ¹Ԫ˿ԽֻҪ㲻ԪʯС
ЩޣȻҲȥԪʯץˣֵ̫ˡ
ʱƬ治ԶֵУ˺ڵĴ򶷡
˵λŮӣһλˣԼһλꡣ
ˣΧһͷޣһͷżߣʮףܹ״Ķſھܽһ˸ȥ
˵ж͸С֮⣬ż޶ǶԿɲôöԸУΪߵ꣬ؾ磬츳ǳĸߡ
áϽ㣬Ƕˣɱߡ
ŲһˣԾżߡ
η⣬ǰһɣŸոͻƵ侳أûȹ̣ôöԸ
üԭ˵꣬Ƕη⣬ʱȥѾ˼ֳϢĿҲˡ
Ͻ㣬ã粻ڣİȫȻ㲻Ҫǣһûù
η¶һ˿ЦݣҲַ֪ôˣԼôַҲܸˡ
ηַ㣬Ŀһ漴Ŷη⣬дżʡ
꣬ŶηС߳ʱ򣬾ϸûʶη츳ôߡ
ҶμҵѪĶη⣬Ѿӵȷӡ֮ţǿ츳Ҳĸߣʱ䣬͵侳أ졢̫ˡ
ҲþипڳɳʱֻҪ츳ߣɳٶֲ̫ˣһĿԽ˲ϵ𾪡
ȻҲףηӵеģɲ츳̫̿ˣֱԳŰԼÿ춼ûûҹΪַ㵱Լż񣬶η⣬һֱҪַĲַ˦̫Զʵϣƾ츳ūҲЩһľ粻ͣĿԽ
áη⣬ҪСһ㡣
һ΢΢ˣηһսˡ
η⣬ڿŶμҵѪ̳˶μҵѪ꣬ǳǿڣη⻹ûнʹóأֻҪη֣ԸžżӦò⡣
áηֶһߵĺŮ˵úһ˿ɶηһ˵
˻˻ƺ֪ηҪԸַţһƺɫĶ֮Ʈ
󣡡ηⶢߣһʱһȷӡ֮Ÿ֣һȣ𵱳־һȷӡ֮š
úߵжһĨɫӡ֮ţǣڻҵ꣬Ѫꡣ
η⣬ӵȷӡ֮š
⣡
ηͺһʱһȷӡ֮Ŵи֣ڿռ䣬֮żߵԴֱӱӡ֮ŷסӴʱĲӡ֮ţ·ҪԴǵԺȥ
𡭡ŭݣûãߵͽƽϢӡ֮ţԺУżޣ׾ٱӡûа㻹֮
η⣬ȥɱ
˵һη⻹ûü˵ֱӡԣɱӡߣȡе޺ˣȡֱ
һĻһԵľüߣƺǶηʹƷİɣþȻʶûʶηǸ޺˸˽ˡ
ηҲû˵ʲôŷһЦȻԼ
η⣬ȥɱɡöŶη⵭Į˵һηɵͷϵüͷȴøӵˡ
Ůˣη⵱ʲôˣūɶǶηȵģһǶη֣ãѾЩĻһˡ
áηһҲûУ˵ͷþЩϲһˣηԴñˣȻ֪ηϲãҲ֪öη£Ϊռ޺ˡ
߰ɡ̧Ų׼һط
ߣǻȥ
һĮдü˵ĽŲһͣ漴ηǣͿһߴӰ߳
Щ˵У͸żԣĮ
ʲôˣηⶢŶԷһ
㲻Ҫ֪ԷĮĻӦһһɱ⣬ڿռͷš
ҺǣƺûйκεĳԹɣηٵ
ҪֻܹãȻʶַ㡣Էٶȱ俪ڣöη;ϵͫ׶һԭԷǳַ
ַʲôԹ
ʲôԹԷһЦʲôԹ㣬ڣֻҪǺַˣǶҪɱһ˿̣㱻ΧסˣһѧԺǼˣͳͳǵǿߣӦöѾϵһѧԺɱ˲Ŷԡ
ַˣҪɱô飬ǲҲΧˣ
η;ϵУ͸һޱǿҵĮ֮⡣


0400 Į
η;ϣ֪ʲôǺַˣǶҪɱö
ַ㣡úߵͫ͵һηһֱǳ羴Ĵ磬Ȼַ㣬ճֵꡣ
Щˣŵˡ֪ˣĿ˸
ߵõߣһС㡣
㶣ߣ¶һ˿ԥ֮ɫ
վһȻλǶ˺ַ㲢죬ֻżȻʶ˶ѣ뿪ߵ޹ء
ţ
õĻη£漴¶һ˿ãȻ֮ɫУЩʹ
ɽò㱻Ⱥ裬ȣϲ˷ãЩԷõĺŷҲ֪Σʱ̣ȴԥãһֱȡ޵޺ˡ
ηɫϿ΢΢ҡҡͷη⻹̫ˣûʲôĻһֻ֪˶óһֱ
ԣ˺ʶã޹ء
ĬƬ̣η漴Ц£Ӧ˵÷һ˿ɫĿ˶ηһۡ
η츳Բ˵һӵлѪûн£Ͷηһ𣬵ȻΪ
ȻˣһɣɱˣҲ⡣ŵĮ˵һ÷õȻһɫ䡣
Ҫɱ˵ַ㲻ϤǻҪɱ
λǲַ㲻죬һЩԹ޲ɱַźãǺοҪΪͷһλŮԵҲ˵
ԣǺַ㣬гø˵
޳ܡϵ˾䣬úҲ⣬ֻǿŵˡ
ֻһ¶һ˿Цһɱˡ
һĮ÷õҲ³漴ŵ˾ͳɱݲȥ롣
Ͻ㣬η⺰һĻ䣬ͿΪ֮ˣֱ⼸Уηؾһлҵķӡ꣬Ҫ侳˳ֲܶԸˣɱˡ
ô
侳Ԫ֮ӿ˿˿֮ҰԣŵӣȫӵߣصĹ似
ûãǵء
һͻأȺһ㶣ǴдģĿת漴ǵͫ׶һ
ֻһһޣл߳첻
ޣޱȡ͸֮⣬Żɫ
ǵӰһ꣬Ƿ͸ż壬޵֮ϣĿĮĶȺ
Ǻˣŵ£ϣ²Ҫ֣
Ϊ֮˶߳һһޣĿ͸ż־ɫ꣬ͨˣޣϹмơ
η;ַ㣬ͷ˲˿ַ㣬Ȼˣʲô¶ˡ
ΨúߣĿ˸ǳӡ
ַ磡ηЦźһһȴŵͫȻһ
ַ㣬ַ꣬㣬ǾȻַ㱾ˡ
ҪɱңҪɱˣȴ˭֪Ц建ǰУַĿĮĶȺЩˣǴԪʸûУһЩΪƫˣ˲Ż᲻ʶ
ŵɫѿѣǶ˵ַǶԸַ㣬ַɱˣοЩˣ
ȥһѧԺˣʵΣ
ַ㶢Ϊ֮ˣһ
ɫӲĬԡ
𡭡һͳ޺漴ȺͿַԵ޻һӰ˲ʧԭء

ҽ֮½صԭصʱǴһʺѪҺ͸ŵ֮⣬˵Ķ̲ס
ֻŵˣֱҧ˲ӣ˵ϣû˰Ϣ
Ⱥȫһ棬ֻĹâ˵塣
ޣʲôޣ
Ⱥа²⣬Ϲޣϡ٣ЩȺûһ˼
ΨΪ֮ˣżȻһżʱп޵ͼомƣǰޣ棬Ҳеʨħʨ
ң
ַĿⶢ侳ǿߣĿĮŵΪ̲֮סͷһַ㣬˵ͷޣͻ
㣬ߡ˳ĬƬ̣漴ַ㿪˵
𡭡һͳ޺ٴλӰ
侳ǿɫ󺧣ȵԪ֮ӿȻһ̣Ѿ˵ǰ
͡ѪɽȺͷݺݵս£ˣ侳ǿߣֻһ˲ͱɱˣӶҧϣĿġ
ĽŲ߶ţе׹ôĲģĿ֮˶ͷҿ
ޣ̫ˡ
侳ǿ߶˲ܹɱ˵ˡ
˵ַһһϣ˵һ
ܶ侳ǿȥˣ侳ؾ磬侳غ侳һصˣʮλҡ
˵ţҲͣĻζĿʱ档
ʮ侳ǿߣ侳ضкüλַĿԽԽ䣬ǣҪǵ˵ַˣҪ
ţ
ַ³һһֺȵɱ


0401 ˡ
ɱ
ַڿռصһ޺˲˳ȥһץѪţŵˣԴֱץѡ
һЩ˿ֲһĻһɫ԰ףҪӶݣȴֻ᲻־壬ǵĶռˡ
ɱˣ̫ףɵɱ侳һصǿߣֻһ˲䱻ҧϲ˵ˡ
ܣ
־ޱȣ֣ռǵ顣
ŲǳӴܣӵĻࡣ
ȫҪԺ󣬺йصˣַȫҪɱַ³һɱȫɱˡ
ţҪɱһкˣôҲɱкйˣ˭ҺһԸַɱ˭
͡һԴץѵϸ΢촫Ѿǵڰ˸ɱ֮ˡ
ĿֲٶǰҪӣӵõ
һûжõʱ䣬ЩǰΧɱη;ϵˣѾȫˣȫһɱַ㣬ʼնûжһ£ֻ䣬ɱЩˣҪ֡
𣡡
ַһͳ˻֮Ǻצ϶Ѫ˫У޷ε壬֮⣬ƺм˷ܡ
棬ϹޣѪԣǰһ˳èһѱʹļ䡣
ÿ¡η;Ƕ棬һЩûмַ㣬ַ߾Ȼദһ˿µޣ塢Ѫ
ַ磬ȿϻһѧԺɡ
ηͻȻ˵Ҳ˵ͷԣַ㣬ôǿߣǿ϶Ӧ

˵ϣַȴ΢΢ҡҡͷɱôҲ˵鱾ʵ˵һѧԺַţֻҪһѧԺУܻ£ӶġԺƽǰǲŵ˺
ңǶߵ˺
ַҿ϶ֻҪΣʱ̣һ˰ֵģϾ֮ǰһֱϣַǷģȻַ㲻֪ĴںĿġ
İɣ鲻¡ַ㿴ϺͶηⲻ⣬˵һ漴ϡ
ãߡ
ַĿͶ˵΢΢һַͣĿ⸴ӣмΪޡҲмη塣
ϣͶηôʶġַ㵭һڹ۽ǰ˶ߣȻ˶η;ߡ
ҺͶηɽһżȻǣʱĻѣҪɱˣҪη⿴ȥɱһЩ˾ϻӦ˵ҡҶη⡭
˵⾲ͣĿ⿴˶ηһۣĬ
ҶηϲŮˣȻŮãΪɱ޵޺ˣַӹ˾ϵĻ˵ʵҲˣƾղŷõΪ˭öη⣬塣
ηĿһ˿ʹ࣬ʱϲֻ˲£ãһϲŮȴΣʱֱ̣ӽĹϵƲøɸɾ侮ʯ˵ַгԹ
ǳĬĵ˵ͷʵַ˵ηϲ˷ãȻãΪȡ޺ˡ
Ŀתַ˷ö˵ϣ÷˵΢΢£ַ۾䡣
뿪
ÿ˵һ̧ŲҪߣǲַ㡣
վסַ³һߣôߣ
õĽŲ΢΢һ漴建תַʵô
ôַ¶һ˿Įĵղţ˵ǺЩԹ޲ɱңˣôɱ
ַĻ֪λӦûղźߵˣȷ˵仰
ڶˣһηŹǣǲмηҲͰˣöηΪ£Σ̾ߣЦûжη⣬ǵˣһҲ֣ҪһΣԣˣǷ
ַ³һڣǶɡ
ǣɡַĻ÷˵ɫ󺧡ַ͸һĨŭ֮⣬ַ㣬ȻҪɱǡ
ַ硣ηַĻҲ£ַ㺰һȻ˵Ҫеѽܡ
η⣬Щԭ£Щ£ԭ£ĸ飬Ϊƴ֮ͽϵȫƲɾôõ¡ַعͷ˶ηһۣƽ˵ѾѡˣΣյʱ̣ûһĸмûУ侮ʯȻͽǵջذɡ
ַ㿴Ÿɾм۵Ķη⣬͵ĵˣҪף磬㲻ǷʲôûбҪΪĸһԸΪ㸶ˣҲҪĻмҪϧǷ飬ҲûǷġ
ַ뷨ܼ򵥣ʵΪ˭ҲǷ˭ģη⣬ͲǷʲô˷ãĻмǻãǣûнηݸϣ˶ηĸȻηƾʲôҪջأջء
ηַĻĬˣЩûȥġ
ԼҶַ֡Į˵÷ԼԵߴ󺧣ַ㣬Ҫ
ҿҲԼַ¶һ˿ɫ𱨡壬ˣַʹޡ
һַԭʧúߵɫ㶼󺧣漴ǾͿһĵڿţһ̣ǵ壬Ϣĵ¡
ˣַɱ˷ˣ顣
ⱾǸ磬ַ㣬ֻںߵˣ˭֮˵ע⣬вں֮˵͸


0402 Χɱ
һѧԺʱΪ֣Ⱥۼһ飬ǣ̧ͷ֮С
һͷͷҰͷҰԵϢ˫䣬޵ıϣһӰ
Щˣʮλ֮ȫŵˣңаˣΪᣬӦڵӡ
ЩŷչȻ죬ʵֲֻͳ˰λ侳ĵӣżͻ侳ĵӶнʮˡ
һѧԺȺľţѩŵУǿǹ侳ĵڡڡѩɽׯҪ࣬ǽƺžĴʱ˵ͽһУž߰˿侳
ƺΪӭʱ١
Ĺ򣬹ȻЩа̾ѩ¹ÿʮ꣬ͻһʱһ˵Ĵʱ
ңÿʮ꣬Щֵţкܶˣֱʣ²ļˣһˣͳһʱľš
ɺϵǣѩµʱѩĴʱ䣬ÿζǺϣһѩȵʮ֮ڣѩʮӿѩ¹Ҳˡ
ڣѩĴȣʣһʱˣʱ䣬ʱٵǰϦȻѩ¹ƺֲ츳ڵ㲻ϵӿˡ
Լڶʮǰѩ¹ӿ󣬾սĥѣʣµţֻˣΪҫۣˣΪѩ¹֮ǡ
ЩʶǷͻȻ˵֮£ипǾؿ飬̤ˣʮˡǰѩ¶췭ظˣһˣ˵ӡʧӰһˣӴ˲ýһˣ˼֣δһˣ˵ͳǸʱΪŵˣڣڻҵУӦôĻ֮󣬵ȻĹ価
ôˣԸһŮӣе޹⣬ԼԶԾɣϵȥ
ʱյһȺ˼ء
˵ŵ֮ϣһӰվǣʤѩӰʥࡣ
˿̿еЩҪҪԾƽĮȻûаĲ·ûκε飬ܹĲһˡ
ˣȻַ㣬Ψַ㣬ܹĲ
ǰȺ뿴һɴ֮µգܡ
ȺȻ뿴飬ʣ̫ˣ·ʳ˼̻ΨǸоȱģǿܶˣ޲˺ݵɴ
ûеȺ̧ͷǣУֻĮ
˵ǿüͷԵмֲãô˶Ը飬һ˵ʵͨ侳˸֣һԭҪ壬ˣźأҪַһϤˣҪɱܵǣ
Ҫˣжǿڹ۽嶪ʧ档
ʮ侳ǿߣǿݣԺһѧԺˡ
Ҹ˵ûٸһλᣬԶԾȥǳ֣ұ֤ĺܲҡ
ղ˵֮ٶȿڣв˵
ޱ飬Įɨһۣվǣû˵ûκεĶ
ӣ鳹׵׵ĽԷˡ

˵ɫѿοڣоһڷƨһܲŭ
ףϣɱĪҪ˵Ůӡ
Ŀһϣף侳һʵΪ侳һصĵģɼ˵֮˺սҲäĿΪ
ǣϡӦһһ磬վ˳У͸һ˷֮⡣
Щ꣬һֱĬĬڿ֮ΪţڵŹʵʱˣˣס׵ġ
Ҳ˵Ůˣȶְɡ
׽Ųһ磬徹˵ϣǰ˵ŮˣΪҪϣ᲻ɱ顣
ԷĻûκεŲһ棬·裬ŶԷ˸ȥ
ٶȣҵĻᶼûУҪ˵ս
׿ٶȣҡҡͷ飬ʵ̫ˣܶܡ
ƣƮƮĻ˳ȥɲ죬ִܷܷ·ûав
Ǻǣ̫ˡ׵ЦȻĻ£׵ЦݾͽӲͻأģһĺȻţ䡢Ĳ
׵ɫһ䣬ϵͰԵǹɺ˳ǣҵ֮ڴ֮ʱˡƺη塣
ˣ
ʵֲܿɺ̫ǿ󣬷·Ҫ嶼
ꡭ촫ɫıڷӡƬռ䡣
׵͵˳Ȼڴʱ³һ֡
⣡
£첻ϴ׵壬ֱӱ˿ռ䴦һĻȺȫһ侳ǿߣȻֱӱ˱С
ûֹͣʥӰƮһƻű׶ȥ
ң
һŭ֮һ侳ǿ֮ϣͰԵƷ磬ֱӳѹȥ

һԲϵֻȺУһӰ˳֣ǴӿнӰɱȥ
¡¡һ޴ıڿռֻµ屻أǳϷˣ˿
꣡
׵ıķѣףҲһɱˡ


0403 տ
ŭ
ȺȫɱˣףȻɱˣǶۿЩ޷ֹˡ
˭
˵۾赲ǿ߾Ԯ֮ˣһλߣòͨϣȴһɳȵĻϢ˸
Ȼ˵˲۸Ůӣһ͵Ϯŵı£
ӴʱҲˣŨķ̣Ļǿ㶼һǳѿ
仰ڴŵǰ˵Ůӣֲк̾ҪԮ͵Ϯ
˭Ϊ׳϶ֵߣߵʵӦúǿӸղһϢжϣӦ侳صǿߣΪ൱
ּǿȺλɲں˾ţ
˭òܣֻҪ֪ҺţǵзѾС
ˬ˵ȺоЩƣǰǶֻʸǣҪǳһϵ˿̣ȴֱǵзѡ
ǵзѣŵĳЦһȻеΪƾ͸ҺΪУԶˡ
ڼء
Ļû£һӰȺ̤ͬһߣȴһ֣עͷĳ෢罾֮졣

֮üͷϵţЩƣôˣȻܳԣ֪
鿴˳Եмֲ죬ԭߣǻϺͳϡ
Ϻͳϲݳô˻ʳǣмɻѵַȥݳˣ
ʱĿתҲַ㣬ЦŮӣǼһأȻûл㣬쵰
Ȼ׳ָ˭ģ˫˪ĮоһĨЦ⣬ȻҲһͬʱųϵ˵ͷ
ֻЩɻˣǼһָ˭
ϣɲܹңȻһﶼһˡ
ʱյУһƮԶżĮ֮⡣
ȺĿ⳯ԶͶȥֻһԶ縡Ӱ쵽˼顣
ַ㣬ַˣ
ȺῡݵӰͫȻһַˣһһͷ֮ϣݡ
ֻͷ޻ɫΪ䣬˶ͫо֮⣬˫һ֪䲻
һѧԺ˴ַ㣬Ǹоʱϵַ㣬ͫƺø䣬ϵҲԼ˼֡
飬Ҳַ㣬ͷޡ
ĮУһĨ޵ĲЦݣţ·Ҫʧɫ
ƺһֱҪչ˵ļһѾԽԽǿʼܹأ飬УʵһֱڴһĵҲţһ죬ԽԽģַһĽǿ磬ܹЦؼ䡣
ַʶƺ죡
Ŀɫַ㣬Ҳеô򵥣һˡ
ԣȻˣͶɡϵһĨ⣬еַ㣬Ŀоâ˸ޣƺϹ档
һʱղַ㣬һɱ䣬һʵ̫ˣ츳ֲϵһľûд
ôĿַǣÿ񡣡ַͳһһԵЩȣַ֪ŴӺζ
ϾϻϺͳϣַһҲ侳ǿߣһͷޣַ
һױ鵱Ĩɱɻʮһλ侳ǿߣ⣬ˣ֮ϣҲ൱侳
˫ʵɲԵȣһƺռžԵơ
治֪ʲôʸ񡣡ŵĳϱĿ˵ַ㡣
ǻҲ㣬û뵽
ַƺûĻĿɨһŵȺĵʮһˣͷޡ
ţǳüַ㣬ûпһֱۣӿʼǵ˺ޡ
죬һҪˡ
һ仰ַ³ųϵɫһѿޱȣÿļһַ˺޵˼
ַ㣬棬ôģųٶȶַһѾܹ϶ǣ棬ġ
ǲţַܹɱ棬ΪǶʵ㹻š
׳գ
ַ㵭ɨһۣһʱ滯׹⣬˲ʧԭأɫѿų϶ſޱ
ַ̤ޣߣ۽ǵǳǳЦݣַҲ¶һ˿֮ɫǸԸ㣬һŹ
㡣
¶һ˿õЦݣַ㣬ĳˣӵб
սȭͷ촫ַ̧ͷ˫˲Ϣ顢䣬ͫףڰ͸ŵϢΨ
Ǳ˫ɨ֮ˣ޲ַͫףÿ£ǵĶڲ
ϡϣѹ󣬲ܡ
ַ³һûϺͳϵͫ׶΢΢һַ㣬漴ǵУ˸һĨЦ⡣
һȻ׼һ֮ԿԷеǿߡ
š˿̵ַ㣬̫ˡ
ڴҲ֪һڵʵжǿ
ϺͳĿ˸˽ַ㣬Ȼ񣬵ȴ᲻ʵʣȻô˵֤аգҲ˵ַԼܹԸʮһλ侳ǿߡͷš
ãַ㣬Ϊѹ󡣡
ȻӦһŲһֱյС
ϣҲ֮ˣ̤һˣƺ׼֮ˣܵķ


0404 ʵ
Ϻͳϣַ㣬˿Ŀ˸¶âҪַ㣬ɱʮ侳ǿߡ
һҪ̼ͷˡпЦ£ַĽ̫ˣһ˸ҶԸôǿߡ
ȺַĶסˣߣѹ
ַһˣҪԸô侳ǿߺͷ
ΪգҪɱЩˣ
һѧԺͷЩڴƺֿǾӰַܰЩȫɱˣǻ𺳡
ΨŵЩǿߣһɫѿ£ַ㣬̫ƲˣҪһˣɱУְǶǵ衣
ַ建ڿգΪ׵ųĮĵַ㣬û뵽˴Բѣҵʱ߿ˣ죬Ҿ㿴ôġ
ԣϣȥԸɱһӡһŵΪ嶯ַ̼ˣ³
ԲѣַһĨЦݣһ
ʱһ˻𴫳ֻһĻӰʧԭأԱһɱȥ
ңЩ˿Ȼ䶯֣һٶȺÿ죬ͬʱˣȥֹ档
𡭡һɿ񱩵Ļ赲ЩӰͬʱ޴ĻɫһбһƮȥ׹¶
Щ˶ԸͬʱַҲͬˡ
磬Ӱע⵽棬عͷȴַӰӶˡ
һ侳һصǿƺǸоʲôعͷʱɫ󺧣ֻһӰӳƮӰӣһޱȵ
ˣ
˿ΨһͷȻ侳һأ

һͺȣַ·Ųư㣬ֱӵ˵ǰָ̳֮˶ԷԴϡ
͡侳ǿߵԴһѪĿ⽩Ӳ壬³һ侳֮ˣ
ַ㣡һ˻֮˷ַ˲ɱ֮ˣŭޱȡ
𡭡һŭ𴫳滯һӰصԭأͬʱַҲȥˡ
УѪһųľˣһͷ֮޺ˡ
ղһͷޣֱӱ̴Դ޺ˣɵ
𺳵һĻȺĺݺݵĲţһһ˲ϢĹһһˡһޣ
ַ㣬ͷޣñ̬
棬档ŵĳɫ䣬Ķ棬ֻҪޣŻôĲбѪܹɵɱͬޡ
棡
ȺҲһҲ֣޺ϹмƣȻ棬ַ㣬ȻշһͷϹޡ
ʮˡޡ
ַٶ³һӰȺĿ⽩ӲĿͫڡַ㣬˿УֻʣҪһɱַԲڿЦҪһɱǡ
ǿ֪ǴԲѣ
ղһַѾ˴𰸣ַʵ
һϣΧɱǡŵĳһ֮ɫһ漴˵ͷ֣һַȥ
һ𣿺ǺǣϵЦ£ԵЩ̶ղŵ˻һ߰ҪڣҪһֶԸַ档
ַһӰʱֿ˵ٶȶܿ죬ηȺս
ɱһŭȴֻλǿɱַ㣬λǿɱ棬սʱ֡
ߣַһЦɱλǿУ侳أ濴
磡
Ӱַô侲ĸŷɶ·ûκεƮƮģƮҶ㣬ûһϢȴӵȷĹ켣Ŀġ
𡣡ţ޾Ϲ죬Ⱥ˹ȥ
ɱŵ˺η壬Ϲ⵱ȻȻ˲䣬ӰϹƣ漴û
ˣ侳һصˣַΪѾ侳أܹ꣬ڻ侳һˡ
𣡡ͷӴɫӰ侳صǿߣͬʱַӰˣ侳֮Ʈȥϣ硣
䡭侳֮˿ַɱɫ䣬ţȻ˿̵ַѾϿգ̧ͷ㿴̫Ľ֮֮ն£۾̼޷ſ
ͣһ죬û侳֮˵壬һˣˡ
ַ㡭һޱȷŭŭ֮һ侳صǿѾͻߵأȴһѾˣϲɵŭ⣬ɱ졣
ַֻǵɨһۣ漴һζˣûǳǼͷ޳˹ȥٶȿ쵽˼顣
ȺеĲӰϢĸоôݵʱ䲻ַ㣬ȻѾǿ˿ֲĵزˡ
ɱ侳ǿߣһ򵥣и߸ϵ侳ַУֻ֣ˣ
ɱһַѾһȫ˿κε⣬ȫҪɱˡ
ÿٶȣһһ
˸оЩλãַ㣬˵ٶ
ƶʱôӿռƮƮΪ侳أ侳صǿߣٶȶû졣
𡭡Ǽͷ޿ַ˻֮ȻӭǵģΨ貵˫ַͬʱ߾٣ӳϣ֮ͬһʱų貵ϼ⣬ңնͬķ
ÿµĿ
Ϻͳ϶ޱȣͬʱ˫ַһҿƵַ㣬ֱǸ漣
ڣҶĶˡϿЦ£ַʱ򣬶Էһ츳꣬ڣѾɳȵز


0405 ˫֮
˫µʱͷޣһˣ˰ޣַĲһ
ͷޣȫɱ
棡
ַкһѾ⣬һӰԶ˹
ۡۡ
צ޵Դ̽ȥܿĿ޺ˣȫȡȻ£졣
ȺȫӲյУĿǲϳ׹ޣԼЩѾڵϵʬ塣
һײַ㣬ɱޣ棬Ҳɱһ侳һصǿߡ
սݡŰɱ
ݻݣȫ侳ǿɵǿߣַǰֻбŰɱķݣһֿ֮ûС
ȺǧֿܣΨû뵽˿̵龰ǱΪַǴھԵƣǷǴЩס
ˣ
ַ³һʮλǿ߽٣Яͷڣֻʣˡ
Ȼʣµˣǿˣ侳ǿߣ侳أˣȥЩ˶ǿѶԸ
Ľ֣޷ȷϾַ㻹ûɱһ侳صǿߡ
ΣַǿѾȺ㹻ڴⳡսˣַʵˣšҪбǮ˵ҪɱЩäĿԴ󣬶ӵпֲս
ҲһѧԺˣ֤һ漣
һ뷨ûȡù˻Ի͵սû˵ַ㣬һѧԺһˣַʱӹɣһˣߵһȺڴ
Ը󡣡Ϊ׵ųϿһ侳صǿߣ˶˵ͷȻͷ޲бѪַ㣬ƺΣգղôݵʱ䣬һ˾ɱޣл侳صǿߣǶԸַ㣬ַҲ˲ɱ
ˣһɱǳֿ˵λ侳ǿߣһԸַ㣬Ҫɱ
ҲĿ࣬صĵͷַ㣬һҪɱˡ
ַ㲻һǸ̫Σˡ
ʮ䣬͵˱̬ĵز󡭡ַҪŶ
ȫҪǳƺǲģظһ漴ȵĻŶ󣬳һͷں֮ɫ֮ӰʵʵȻ֮Ӱϣâȷʵǰ졣
۾һ˫ͫס
ʲôꣿȺǱӰЩɻӰӴ󣬵ȴãΨ˫խӣ죬ţ֮ͫ
ͷţųϣһޱǿҵҰţҰ
ͬʱǿߣҲͷԼ꣬һħ꣬һ꣬ħӵߣϢͰԵӵߣ͸նϢ
ˣȫͷ꣬˿ұҪɱַ㡣
ַˣͫɺڰûκС
ַĻһһͷӴɫߣ˫ӣĶŶԷˡ
ˣͬһߣȫҪ
˫һĬûκεĻռ䵱УΨѹֵµɱ֮⣬ŵ˺ַ㣬Ҫɱ˶Էа顣
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£˲˳ȥؼ·й¡¡죬˫ͫĶַӰ
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ţͫ
ޣӦţޣ˫ͫףԽܣƺӲţͫ
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ðԵҰ
Ⱥվ·ڴ˿̶ܹĸܵų͸ŵİԵ֮·ҪһС
ַȴЦųϵ꣬ɱЩƣ޻֮ĶۣɱųʵҪǿͣض
ַƾŻɱ۵ģһΣʵ˾޴ͻƣųϣڤʹó
ڤĵƣΨǿԸ˵ˣŻʹڤһ
ͷַգ־𣬽֮âš
һĨǿҵĳ̫֮ӳַԪ̵Ľϣʮҫۡ
Ⱥ̧̫⣬ַ㣬Ŀѣԡ
ַ㣬̫֮âĽ̫ӳ
ҲͬʱַһֻҲٶΣ⣬Ȼϣַ֮ӵĶĿ財
˫
Ⱥͷ£ޣǿ֪
޵ĹޱȰԵ񣬵޵ǿ񣬳˿Ǳľ磬ǿԽļԦͬĽڲͬУӵ֮
츳ߵĽޣһ޷ȫľһ֮ϣǿ
Ȼַ㣬ȴͬʱ˫һ֮һͷϼâֲֿ̫ļԦ˶Ī
˫֮ͬĽ֮⾳ַ㣬죬˭棡
һԸпʦȻ˫֮ͷ˫⾳жôѣ൱ͬһˣ˵飬֮ޱȵľ׼ֲ
һԽսҳ㷹ĹţңһƺԶԼĵƣǿǿ


0406 ȫɱ
ŵĳϿַ˫⾳ɫҲһ˿̵Ѿ۷壬ˡ
ˡ
ֲĺХ糯ϿպХŵĳ˶һǰƣ·ûκܹ赲
ն
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һţ֮ŭ𴫳貵ĳϼ⾹ɢȺУһͷӴţӰ𣬷·С
侳صĳϣȻ
ȺͷһţӰÿ£Զܹо̺֮⡣
Ȼǻûп֮Ļоһ۵ĹâϮ·ϼ⣬š
ַ֮֮ŶͷŻ
ֱֲ͡͡и޾ϼ⣬֮£ڽǰһУȫâ˺ѣ˺һӡ
ţ֮ӰҲ˺ѿ֮أţ֮ƱѾжȥ˼֣£ţӰ޷ܵ
ҰţײţӰ˺ѣŵĳϾһҰ޵˻֮ɫޱȵԪ֮ŶһţӰӣ𣬷·޾
ߣַзһߣĿ䣬֮ϣԪ֮ٶ̳ͣһȺһӢ۳ĺĲɣ֮⣬·һзսĻ
һֽ⾳
Ⱥ¶ǿҵ֮ɫַ̫ˣһˣǰʹֽ⾳ǿϣҲһ
һУֻڼݵ˲Ϣġ
֮޾ţӰһʱĻϦ£ӳųϵӰ
˿̣ŵĳһִоԼˣʱѲַһˣִǷϡ
еĽ֮⾳оǷϣӰġ
ˡ
һ֮ŵĳͷ͵һָѣ漴ɫȻ䣬ַĽѾǰ
¡ŵĳɫ󺧣ȫԪϿ˳ֵһȻĻķ֮£Ԫ֮ɢ
ˣ
ŵĳ³һǿҵΣдݶоЩ䡣
գֻһ㣻ûѣַĽѾˡ
ߣַĿĮ磬׹䣬Ϧ֮Ļϼ⡣
졢ַٶȱŵĳϻҪ죬ŵĳϣ㲻һˡ
ϡǿӰ죬ַ㹥ȴַһ֮ɫŭ𣬳˳˹ȥ˵ס
ƣħӵͰԵֱӳߵĲơ
ַ⣬ͫ飬ڵ£һâ˸Ȼ䣬ַʧԭأһӰʧˡ
ɱ
һͺ֮ȺĿȥֻųϵǰһʮ֮ͻȻţҫ۶Ŀâ£ŵĳϻ£һ˺ѵʹϮ塣
ַٶŭһӰֱųϵǰƮƮһӡ˶Էţ˲䣬޾ʺ֮ѪɽĿġ
ŵĳϻӲͷԼؿڣֻһʮȱڴ󿪣ʱַ㿪ƶǣ޾Ŀ־УҪͻȻúڣȻͻȻ
ϡ
һ˻֮ħǿ߿ϱƶǣĿ𾪺ͷŭ壬ַɱȫѪ֮ޱȡ
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廮һĹ켣ַӰ磬Ľ˽һӰϢ
ͣ
һ죬һϸ΢ķƮһѪߡ
ħӵ彩ų಻Զĺ䣬һʺ죬ϵ
ȺĿ⽩ˣ˲Ĺλ侳صǿߣһƶǣһˣѣѪ䡣
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ʣϵǿߣɫͬ׹䣬ںݺݵĳ鴤ˣȫˡ
ս侳ǿߣҲɱһˡ
ַ㣬޻棬Խս
ӣ
Ժиһ뷨Ҳ޷ֹסǰǿֻʣһ侳صˣһжѾأսҲֻ
ǿҵԪţ¶ɭɱ⣬Ԫ֮֮ӰַϮȥҲˣǳַȥתԶ뿪
ӣΨһĻ·
ǣ
ĻϺͳ嶼ûжһ£ʱ׼֣ܣǵжһ˿Ц
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Ҫ
һ־֮˻֮˷·Ǹܵķг޾Ŀ־塣
ȻȻ־Ѿע֮ն£Ӷݵ彩Ӳü֮Ѫ
ͣһ΢촫漴ȺͷȻһֻӶݵ侳ǿߣ屻һֱ˺ˣмѿѪȡĿ


0407 ɽ˼
ˣǿ侳Ϊǿߣȫַɱˡ
ͬʱһŭҲ侳֮˵յսȺֻʣһһޡ
ַ㡢档
սĽֶ˶𺳵ģǴûĽַֻɱŵǿߡ
ʮλ侳ͷޣȿµݣѩ¹κһطǶڣǾһѧԺַ㵱˵ɱɾˣһʣ¡
ַŵˣҪɱַˣһַ㣬ɱܹɱˣԼŵˡ
ҪɱˡѣҪɱ飬ַ㣬Եֱӵķʽɱǣһ¡
ַڵһɨȺȺĺݺݵһĮÿֲַеĵλڲ䷢ű仯
ǰǽַ㿴꣬ǶѾַ㵱ֲɱˡ
յַ㣬̫ˡ
ڰӽַָеĮʧŻϺͳ΢΢ͷַ΢˲Ϣ˵棬ߡ
ʱ鿴ַ㣬Įݲ٣ǴǳǳЦ⣬ܰ۵Ц⡣
˿˿Ц⣬ϸַļů
ΪһЦһѪɺΣǱɽݣıڻַоοϲ
κ£ֵõġ
գһֱػҲػŮˣκ˺
ίˡ
ַ˵һ΢ЦҡҡͷһҲûиоίֻܰ
ǱػĸоҲܵˣ𡢺
ַһػԸһΪΪǧʱ⻻
ȿȣ
һַ֮۵ĶӴϣַһ˿εɫعͷһԲԶĶϣЦʵϡϣôʳˡ
ݳǱߣкü侳ͷҲͳɢɢˡϵЦ£ַĿ΢΢һųϡ
λ壬ͻˣ
ݳǣ˳Ϻͻ⣬û侳ǿߣ˿̳ô˵ַ뵽ľ񡢷꺮ǣͻˡ
ϵ˵ͷǴһĨЦ⣬ƳҩͻƵ侳Ҳгɾ͸С
λͻˣַʵ
ͻˡϻӦһַͫһ漴ҲһŨŨЦ⣬áǶͻˣô񣬾λ侳ǿݳǣԺѪŵĽҲܵ
ѹֻϺͳãȻʳɢˣȷϲ£ַá
ϺͳܹͻƣԺ󣬾пܰͻƵ侳
Ѫһ죬Ϊһ֧ɨѩµַԳѪϣ
С㣬ط˵ɡ϶ַ˵һַ˵ͷڣȺ۾ɨţомֲڡ
漴ַ飬ŻԼһ뿪ߣַȥıӰȺһп
ַ̤һѧԺʱ򣬿û˻뵽ܴһǿҵ𺳰ɡ
ַ֮ĻԻƪ֮ҳֽŨŨһʣַ㣬һһޣɱʮλ侳ǿߡͷУǿ侳صǿڣˣҲȫַһ˻ɱ
ַ֮ٴ𾪻ʳǣҴ˴ε𺳣ַѪųʳΧ̳ߵҪС
һκѩ¹Щ߸ϵǿߣҲ޷ַĴڣƾַ츳һҲᵽǵĸ߶ȣԽǡ
ʵҲȺ²ַ𺳻ɱʮλǿߵϢһ磬ԼٶȴʳǣЩһʱõ𾪵Ϣ˵ķӦһΨ֮⣬ÿжС
ַĳɳ˵Ԥϡ
¼ңһ򵥵鷿УɽĿǽڣǽ֮ϣһͼͼлŵģһŮϴŲЦݵŮ
ɽıվǣûзκε۾ҲͬǸͼ¼ҹϵĵһţȴ¼ҷĿʮδ̤¼Ұ벽
֪ǰվŵˣȻÿԵúܷŭУû˿ȡĵλ
ϵȥ׷ѰĽŲеλá
Ϊȴӵͷ׷
ңɽ鷿ʱ䣬ԸƵˣȻҲףһУΪһ꣬ڻʳꡣ
κɣĶӶѾˣ츳˿϶ڰΪľȷģ׵Ĵˣ԰ɣ
૵Ҳ֪ڶ˭ʻ
Ĭã˵һĨ֮ɫֵκɣΪɽһУΪ¼ңҡûдҲ֤Ǵġ
˵գ˻ȻתĿ࣬ҪѩϯλУַ㣬ֻ׼ʤܡ
Ŀһˣôִš
˵ͷŵĵүүһַģ˵ңùҲῴġ
˵ͷ漴̧Ų鷿ȥ
үүŴ˴ʧأɳǿ߶ԸҪҪЩʲôͻȻ뵽ʲôʵ
ãҪĶӣʸ񡣡˵Ŀ΢΢һ漴˵ͷûַڻʳעĿվȻҲ֪
ĹùãôܻԼĶܵκ˺ŵˣ
ɽţŮţ


0408 ٶɱ
ţУһŵϢôڵ˶оЩѹ֡
û˵̫أʱ֮ϣɫ䵽˼£µӣ˿˿ͷŶֲޱȡ
ڲǰϢЩǰȥɱַѵȫûһûл߻
һѧԺǱߣʮλ侳ǿߡͷǣľϢ˵ַ㣬ֻһͷޣɱ˺ޡ
ȫˣһûʣ¡
ʧģŵľǿߣǵԼŵϡ
ַɱˣǵȫ˵棬ݺݵĳŶ⣬ˡϾɥ
˴ΣĴ
棬ӣ츳ڣھɽ׷Ϯַ֪٣Ϣûˣô춼û³ַֹ㶼̤ˣѪܵʵǣַܿɱ档
ͬʱΪŵˣȥɱַѣѾΥһЩԭ԰ѱɳˣȻûгɹȫ棬ŵʹֲҲǱȡЦİɣܣ
ȥȡ
ʱ˴ƽ˵֮壬˴ӵˡ
Ⱥͷȥԣȡַ֣ɱַûκ⡣
ɳţ΢΢ҡҡͷ壬ɱǰ˴ӵĽѩȣڣ㰲ΪǿԼĵƣŵδҪ㡣
尲Ļ΢һĨ࣬漴ͷ£û۹⣬Ӧ÷ڰ˴֮Լѩ֮ϣ֮أǸַ̨㣬ñȥɱˡ
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һЩȥһѧԺַͷûιޡĮ˵һ漴վһԵȥ
ǣɽصĵ˵ͷַ㣬ɱ˴ΣһҪȡַͷ­ѩ֪ţǺǵġ
ڴУһӰĿ˸ӡ
ǿʨһУΪԪҪɱַΪֵԪַǣʲô׼ߣЦǣԪûǿߵ˲١
꣬ѩ£ʨȴʸûУһַ㣬һˣǰַǰչֵĽԼоЩ̡
һȺ֮ˣƺƵɱһѧԺ֮˽ԾȫȺĽŲһѧԺķȥ
˴Σŵ˲ɱַǲˡ
ҺȻųǿ߻ƱҪȡַҲַ֪εֵ
侳ǿߣնУٶѸޱȣһѧԺû̫ʱ䡣
պƵǿߣһѧԺȺԶһˣŵ˹Ȼûаݣһɱ
˴εַڹűס֮أͬϺͳԺţѩææǰ㱨֮ŭɱϢ
ַüͷֻ΢΢£ܿͻָ糣¶һ˿Ц⡣
ŻǲƺĲ
ϡϣûȤȥһϷ
ַЦ˵һûϺͳϸоЩ죬һǵĺܡ
ү˴ǰģŸɽ㻹ǲҪȥˡ
ѩַĻһȻ˵ҪȥϷѵַ㲻֪ЩǳҪ
֪ѩİɣµġַЦ£վ
ϺͳһЦ漴ַ㣬һ̤ʯţҲַ֪νĿϷָʲô
һѧԺ䳡Ͽգԣɽ֮ǿߣ
ЩһɫĮ͸ǿҵɱ⣬˵ַɱʮǿߺͷޣôǾַͷ­
ַ㣬
ʱյУһɱŨԶԶĴݳȥһѧԺ俪
ȺŵˣšȺüͷŭȣ˶ĤңվŵĵطԱߣڻвȻʯҵʯŸЧ˴ܹ֮ȥ
ţЩһѧԺˡ
Уǿɱַ㻹
ǿ϶ġ
һȺԶһƮ̫ȴȺĶĤУ˿Դ̶
Ŀת漴ȺͿԶһӰ
Ӱôᣬ˿̵Ⱥȴû˸Ψ˿˿羴
ʵ֮ʱһҲἵһˣŲغ蹵һ޷ֲôһʼ֮⣬Ψӡ
ַ㣬ˣһѧԺ˶ַǣͬһεˣַ츳ǿֲ̫ˡ
ɽüͷһɱ˸û뵽ַ㾹ö̤֮ңһȺ
һǲ
ַ㣬ɱ֮ˣ˴ΣҪԴȥιޡɽַ㣬񶾡
˵УɽʶַģΧɱƺڵʱַ͸ǳӡ󣬵ɲַ㾹ȻߵһǵţߵøԶ
ҪԴȥιޣַɫĮеЩӰżַ֮⡣
ȻˣɣҵǸҵԴַ㵭˵ɽü漴ɽһĨâ
ɱ
һͺȴɽ³ʱɱţһŵûкַȫַȥ
Ȼڴʱ·һҲһ
һַЦţѵΪһѧԺ


0409 ŵج
һɱַϵһѧԺûҲͰˡ
ȻžȻһδ˺ƺƵɱһѧԺⲻڳһѧԺ
ŵΪһѧԺҶš
ַ֪һѧԺ˭Ҳ֪һѧԺУһλ侳߽ǿߣƽ
οַƽĹϵҲƽһʦƽλʰѩԼҶԼϵͬһ㣬ַһɱϢҶ϶ƽؽ֡
ʵҲַԤеϤַȻףƽˡ
ס֣ɽͻȻһȣʱֹסмɻ
ס֣
ɽΪס֣Уⵯ֮ˣ˭
˵ĿȫתͶƮķһӰյУƮ
˻·ŲڳϢ˵ĸоȫƽ
ʦ˿ƽ˳ڼƽնȵԪ֮ʱһѧԺȺȫˡ
ʦôôͷ𾪣ƽһֱ˵ĸоءȻһ֮ˣȻȴ֪ƽĿֲʵ
ɽǵȻӰüͷţתƽɽڵǰźַ֮ĶԹǰĪҪִ¡
ǰȺͷȻһŵĸɽƽΪǰȺоЩɬһԡ
֮Ҳ˲֪ƽǺˣĿ¶ɫɽǰƽȻһǰ
ʱֻƽĿ⵭Ȼɨһɽеɲ֮ɽã֮Умŭ֮ɱɽüͷ
ַ֮£ɽӦ֪ҵݰɡƽȻ˵ƽȴм֮⡣
֪һѧԺԺɽӦ˵Ⱥͫһ
ԺԭһѧԺԺƽȺ̫ˣû뵽
ַҲĿ΢һѧԺԺƽ
ôӶģһѧԺаĽɫ
Ȼ֪һѧԺԺ㣬һѧԺɱˣƺƵ̹ңѯҵ
䣬ƽҲżĮ֮⣬ɽüͷøˡ
ǰַɱˣƱҪɱַ㡣ɽ۾˵
ܺã
ƽ³֣Į
ĿˣûҲˣɽǺܺã֮вңȥԼ
ƽдһĨ֮⣬ʱдżɱ
ɽĬˣĿⶢƽһԲ
˼Ƭ̣ɽٶȿڣȻˣڱ뿪
˵գɽתȥ
ƽҪɱַ㣬糷롣
ȵȡȻɽĿ΢ǰкν
˵߱ߣǵһѧԺǺεطˣ
˵գƽҲһѹ֮ڿţɱ֮糱ˮ㲻ϵӿһ̵Ŀռ䣬Ψɱ֮
ߣ
ɽɫ΢䣬Ųһ磬Ȼ䳯ǰ
Ķŵǿȫ˸ɽȥ
ݡݡ
ɱ֮УֻһεԪ֮âţ꣬˿ߣ֮˿ߡ

һҽ֮˵ı˿ߴУһʹһЩޣֱӱ˿ߴ̵飬ʹ˻֮
ÿµʵȺĿ⿴е꣬һĿѣƽʵǿ
´ͲɱͷôˡƽԶԶĴ漴ȺŵȺУͷ޴׹䣬ɱ
ʧˣǿ߳ٴҪɱַ㣬һεȴǵģǳ裬ƽǵĳ衣
ɽɫѾѿˣ¡
ƽ˸ɽ˵ϾǿֲɱʱţַС衢¼裬ֱƽ裬侳ǿߺޣν˽ǡ
ŵˣܲŭ
ܵɿֲŭ⣬ŵȺ֮˶˱ÿǡ
ƮȺ·ɷ˼˶㡣
ȻʱȺǰһӰվǣһ

ŭɽ߳һֱӾһƳǰӳŭ塣
һƺ¡¡ĺХ·Ҫɱ˶ԷȻǿٵԷ֮ʱȴһεķ֮ɨƷ磬˲
ɽüͷһ壬ֹס˻֣ʱȺҲͣ
˭ɽĮʵղǹεķ֮ƺǽֱӽƷˣǿ
þû˶ҳֹˡһƮȻ˻תʱɽͫȻһɫ䡣
Ȼ
ɽȻԴ˳֡
ĳ֪Ǹ£ðˡ
û˻شɽĻռ֮Уһεɱ֮ͻȻ̣Х˺ſռ䡣
һĻɽɫ䣬󺰵飬֪αˡ
㲻֪ңȥǡһɽĿ⽩飬ڵǡ
εĽ˺һУ鶯ˣˣһ˸ˣҲ֮ʧ
͡һХֵ֮ģһƷɽѪ
ɱ
飬ŵˣչһɱ¾ÿһƻ£һ侳ǿ߱ɱ
ռ֮УΨ齣⣬ŵ֪ζ


0410 ɱ֮·
ѪѪ֮ռƬռ䣬ŰĽѾĻȻյȴѾġ
Ⱥŵǿߣ˿ֻ̣ʣһˡ
ɽΨһŵˣŵ侳ǿԼȫˣʬôڵϣûκεϢ
·ĿһеķֻоǰһжЩ̫ʵλá
ˣƺƵǿߣǿŭ⡢û˸赲侳ǿߣڣֻʣɽһˣǺεȵġ
ɽԼоܲʵĿͣʱȴҲûʱȥΪЩ˸еŭΪʱѱ
һµĽâĺǰ֣ǵɽףֻҪԷԸ⣬Ԫ֮ʱܴʺƿڶԷС
ΪʲôɽǰӰĿоãȻ⣬Ȼ־壬ҪʣЩ侳ǿߣòס
ţʴûе£ΪҪ´֡
ĿĮ飬ɽмɱ
Ҳɱ㣬ȥЩˣġ³һĮĻɽĿһ
ʲôˣ
ǣ˭ƺǵΨһǾַ㡣
ǣַôܺǣϹϵԲܣɽţҲԸȥš
ҲסɽŶԷ˵
еţÿЦ
ȥúɱȴɱˣȥɱѵΪѾҪǿô
˵գ£ɽֻһڶӹϸ˿˿亹
һƿ֮ӰһתۼʧԶʡ
ɽԼĶ䣬漴ַǰŵεѪղֻҪ΢΢ƫһ֣Ķûˡ
ɱȴɱˡ
ɽ૵۽ǳ鴤ţûͻȻ֣Ǻһµʵ
ַ㣬ɱҼ֮Уɱү𣬿˵ҺַĳǰͱҪö࣬ǣҶַ
ûУңûַ㣬ϴڹ۽壬ҵҲڣ˵Ҫɱַ㣬ʼգûɳһλǿɱַ㣬һֱȥԸַ㣬ҷ·ˡԹߡ
˿̣ѣɽֻо̹ǡ
˳ޣȴûжˣַ㣬򵥣
ЦǾȻַֻǸСӣûκεıʵȴ˵ķ̣ŵľǿʧ룬ŵʵ㼸ǰ֮һʶһ㣬˵Ƕôķ̡
һЦɽλһ磬Ҳʧ
ɽЦݵУ޾ԳڲõĽţΪѩµЦ

ŵȺɱ˿̻һѧԺеַȻ֪
ʱַ㣬һʯ֮ϣǰڷһ֣һƮϣΨ֮⾳
ַŵģƽ
ַ㣬֮ɱ֮⡢ƽַе£ʱַǧҪӳ׵ûɳɱŨ
ǣֱǿɱ֮ͣȻ޼¡
ƽһ£ʱִ䣬ַ㲼ľô͡񣬷·ҪƽľֽȻƽ̩ɽ˿ַ޷κһӣַһִһҪȫ̽䡣
ַ岻̳Ĭˣһǰķɱǵƴ󣬸ƣ
ʦָ̡
ַٳûӣ֪ǲַ֪㣬ˡ
ӡƽ˵ַĿһ漴еӣ£һ֮ƣƴ󣬵â
ƽַµӣдһ˿ǳЦ漴䣬ƣַ֣ȫڱ֮ƣ·ʱ̸ܱ־棬ַ뿴ľ棬ʵˡ
ûлͷַ㣬㿴𣡡
ƽдż̵ֽ֮⣬ַĬˣѶλ
ʱַ㣬ƶȴַǶ
ʦַ޶ۡĬƬַ̣һοڣдż֮⡣
ľ棬֣ȫѹסտʼɱȻݺ㿴ϣ˶Σѡȴ򣬵ʵϣЩǿȴĻᣬǻץסκοɳ֮û̵øɸɾ
ƽ˵ţ漴ַȡַӣһ£ֲõˮйͨΣ֣СĿռԻԾַӣ·Ƭʧټ
ַ㣬ǰ·һˡˣɴֱʧ۶Է֮ǿɲڶʱڳ׽壬㣬ʱ䣬һе׳ȵƳɣٷˡ
ַ㰲ƽĻһ·뿪ʧڻʳǣ۶Էôǿȴַ˶Ҳȵʵ㹻ǿ»
·עַߵһЩҪϾܴټݳһʧ١
ʦڶ·أַ㿪ѯʵ
ڶ·ɱƽ³һӰƽ˿ȴӿȵķ֮
ɱ΢֮ڵطǰɱһѪ·һǰͣɱֱԷ£Ȼɱ֮·ϣҪϵԼԼƲͣǿܲͣɱȥֱһգɱ֮£ԽԷĴƣ·Σա
ַĿзâ˸ޱȡ
ʦһ·ų֮·ҿԶ㣬Ҵ˴ʧλܹ׷֮һǰľԣѡڶ·ɱ֮·ɱһذֱơ


0411 ɱ
ɱ֮·ɱһơ
ʱַϣɱ֮ŨޱȣռɪΧһɪɪ죬·ɱ֮
ƽַ㣬¶һ˿ȻЦ⣬ڴ½ϣ˺ɱܳɾԼɱ֮˺٣ֻܳΪɱѡ
ɱ֮ǼΪֲ̫֮ʱһħɱȾѪ£ղ֪٣˵ɱѾ죬նȥ˵ϾΪ˵ƽûнӴǵȿֲʸ
ַ㣬ľһֱȵҪɱɱˡҪɱΨɱֹɱƽҲַϸܵɱ˲Żнյһ̸Ȼʵȵַ޷ľַһѣɱ
ַ㣬һ
ƽַ˵ƽַ˵ͷá
ƽһʱϵȫʧƽŵĹ٣ʯ֮ϡ
ַƽ棬ûжֻǿƽָң
ﬣ
Ҳһ֮ڶ֮ϣ·һâַ
һɱ֮⣬Ҫ¶
ﬡﬡϡƽָңɱ֮ԽԽŪƽĶ棬ַֻоһӭޱȣĲͬģϣͬһɷ֮⣬š
ƽͷҲֻ̧ʮָͣĲŪңɱ֮⣬޾ϵĴг
졢ԽԽ죬ƽҵָϵļ٣ɱ֮ԽԽҡԽԽǿ
ܿ죬ַΪģƬյУֻʣɱû
ɱ֮˵׵ַУ·ɱ֮ϼ룬ΪĿ
ͻ֣ᷢɱ֮⣬ѾʵʣַǣȴѾʵɱ֮һɱ֮⣬ڡ
Χһȫǧٿף̳һ΢СĶڣǱƮһҲɱ֧ţͣյС
еһУ·ͣΨɱɡ
ɱ⾳УַǾֵɱԽԽŪַ㣬ûеֵ۾ϣȫصɱС
ƽ̧ͷַһۣϵЦԽԽʢ
ַ״̬еĻҪһЩѹӵ˾磬սԶ磬ַԣס
ȻƽδֹͣһУŲ٣ˣ츳Ϊ֮ѡеļ̳еļ̳գַӴƽ޷ס󱲵ϲ
˵ַԸϲʤӡ
̹̹Թɱϡ
츳ǿΪ˴£Ļ̫ΪӪʦһơ
츳Ҳ̹ɱϣɶ²ִţȱһԡ
ӶҶ٣ϾŮֻ֮٣
ַ㣬ϵŵ㣬ƽһѧԺĿмͶַһ˿øУƽʵҲַӶԴģĻȥ̵ַÿκһʦҲоһο
ɱ֮⾳ضƽɣ·Զͣ¡
ַգɱ֮嵱Уȥ꣬ȥ
һɱֹɱⲻˣֹұ㿴򵽼ʱɡ
ƽ̾Ϣһ۾Ҳıϣģȥࡣ
ɱһûнֵֹɱǿ
ʱڲ֪жȹһеˣ·ѾȴһУ۾
һ˵ࡢһ֮⣬ؼ䣬Ψɱ
һ⣬ԶһѧԺȺ̧ͷһֵϿ֮أдż֮ɫ
ǿɱ⣡
һǷϾȻһɱ籩գʵʵɱϯХһƬĵشΪգΨɱ⡣
ô£
ԽԽ˸ܵǿɱ⣬Ŀ֮ɫɱֲ̫ˣΪ𣬿ռ䶼Ҫ
ʱһӰԾգһ޴ʯֱ˦˳ȥеɱ֮âȥ
ȺǾ޴ʯ飬ɱ֮â֮ʱ˲䱻ռʳɷ飬ʣΨǹɱ⡢ɡ
ɱ籩һѧԺһׯ԰Ͽգγһǿޱȵɱ籩һѧԺˡ
˶Ƭׯ԰Χ˹ȥҪô¡
ڴʱյУһӰ̤Ƭɱ籩üͷ塣
ԺǸԺˡȺеӰ˽֪ɱ籩ô¡
ɨһȺ˵Ժŵɱ⵮ûʲôֵģɢȥɡ
ԺѹˡͷȻ֮ºǶ֪ǵԺǺˣƽһ仰ɽǿ߻ĹȥǿڣڿգҲĨɱԷǿڡ
ҲֻԺʱܹ˴ĺ䶯ɱ籩ˣɱ籩һУͻᱻ˺ɷ顣
¶ļɵ֮ɫһĨɵлоηƽľη
һеɱ۾Ѿһȥˡ
ƽϳһƲ԰֮ɫƺܳ
Ԫȴɱ֮ˣľ޴֮ͨˣƬ̱޷֧ţƽʵǿ󣬵Ҳδһɱ˳ʱ䣬˿̵оĴ
ǲҵʮָȻȽ
ַ㣬ȻܼȥܲȫȻ˿ַͣѣɱ籩ǣȥɱ֮⾳ǰʵǿң


0412 ɫĽ
תۼһȥɱ籩ɣԽԽŨһׯ԰ΪģԲ֮أ˸ҿ
ԶһѧԺȺɲ뿪Ŀϯصɱ֮⣬̫ˣǵԺƽʲôɱȻ˵Ŀֲ·Ҫɱز
Ⱥ֪˿ʵǿԺƽɫҰֽǿ˿̾ҲϢ
ˣַһȻһ붨ѲˣԭǣĿգŵɱ֮ҲԽԽŨˣǳֲ
ַ㣬Ҫٲҿֲסˡ
ƽ¶һ˿ɬЦݣа˵˫ڲͣĲңɱ֮ʮָ͸
ɫյеʵɱ籩ȴ׺ſռ䣬Ƭ
˿ʼȥϢӣԺ컹ͣ
һУƽϢңеĿɬЦԽԽ
ۣ
ﬡ
ϸ΢ȺɱĺҹдںҹУһĨѪţƽѪ֣Ѿ˼ޣѪ֮ϣһҲѡ
һɱͣȻؼɱ֮ɲģΪ¡
ؿڵƽϢƽǰ۾ַ㣬ҡҡͷһȻûҲ֪ʱѡ
ʱ۾ַ㣬ڼžԺУһɫĽ
ֳˣַ㿴нȻͬĸ򣬻ɱ̺Ľ־
ս֮û͸ÿһȥбջ
ǴʱɫĽ·Ǹַܵеɱ֮Ҳ޾ɱ
͡͡
ַһʵ֮â¶̺޾ɱ֮⡣
¡һ죬ƽ屩ˣµʯֱӻΪĩ
һ˾Ǽʮ֮࣬ƽĿ¶һĨâһɱ֮⣬ǿַɱ־·ȫһĿ⵱УȻںҹֲޱȡ
̧ͷƽַ㣬ַֻ޾ɱ֮Ȼ޷ֺ
ƽ𾪵ǣַǰɱۣһԪ֮Ԫ֮ȴǺɫġ
ɫĽ
ƽĿǿĻɱ֮⡣
ݡݡ
Хľͻأţƽٶһֻͣյеɱ֮⣬뵽ǱɫĽУǺɫĽɵ
⡭ǣƽ͸Ų֮ɫôǱɫĽȻܹеɱ䱾Ľ֮ɱ⾳ԽԽǿҡ
ַڡ䣬͸ޱǿҵɱ
ԺеǱͺڤһǰʹõս֮иû⽣ľ衣
ɫĽĶַͷϿգںҹиԼ֮⡣
໹Χû뿪Ⱥֻоһ·бֲ似ɱǣҪǵ˺ѵ
̧ͷȺ֣ׯ԰Ͽ֮أʵʵĽâԽԽ·һȴ
̫ڣǱּҹȫڡ
ȺܹģֻһģӰƺƽӰַӰ
ԣַôһǴȺҡҡͷԼԺе뷨ַȻ츳ʵǿ󣬵ӵǿҵɱ⣬⾳ֲ̫ˡ
ǲţƽЩţǽСѾӵһƽ־ָоǡ
ƽЩһεľ磬һֱҪģƽֻпһΣܳƵһǿߣƵ֮
ַ㣬ƽǻĺɫ֮һֱַġ
ַһ漴ָѡ
ôˣôˣˣȻ˽֮ɱУԼںδƽѣһնȥ
ɫĽʧΣһɱֱ֮뵽嵱У漴Ųһַ̤㽵˵ϡ
ʦ
ַƽһƽǾһѪɫ԰ףɵ¡
ʦôˣ
ַдɻƺû˻ƽɣȻҲûܹ˵ˡ
ƽһ㶣Цŵַһۡ
ûʲô΢΢ҡҡͷƽû˵ʲô
ʦ˭ŪģַȻƽĻƽּǿߣôܻѪɫ԰ףܵ˲Żˣң˿ƽϢƺ̫ȶܹ졣
ƽĿֲʵ˭ܹˣ
ƽַ㣬εҡҡͷ
ַĿֹɫͻȻʲô㡣
ʦң
ַƽһǼ֮ã⣬û
ַƺݣƽ΢΢˵ͷ
ַ㣬ԣֲܿһʱ䣬ҵ񣬶޷ɱҼȥҲ㻹ܹ򡣡
ƽмַָ̫ѵˣǳַ㲻ѣƽŲϧһһֱ࣬ϣַ״̬һЩʱ̡
ƽĻַмΡҲим˿
ԭƽˣȻΪ
ƽ׷ǹʣƽȴȰַ㣬񣬲ϧ˵ҲֻΪӶ
ƽĶ£ַġ
ʦлл
ַƽ΢΢ִʦͽ֮񣬷ġ
飬в֮ˣţ̫ȤЩ֮ˣַ㣬ϧ


0413 һʱ
ѩʥԺǰ䶯һʱѧԺȴûӦеķ졣
ѩʥԺҪңΪѩǿһȻѧԺţЩУܹڻʳŹʵȴָ
ңѩʥԺܵƺ֮ʱûбɱַ裬ƺڵĵӣȴʥԺ޹⣬ڻʳǵУַ䶯ʳǵϢʥԺûκܹĵĴ·
ȻѩʥԺҪѡһѩµˣΨַɡ
նУΧɱĦԽʮʿǧﵥȹΧʳǡӪɱ֮Ӷκй۽֮սԼһѧԺļսһβģңַ㻹кܶ²Ϊ֪ų֮аܵԼɱԭ֮£ûдѩ»ʳǵС
ַ꣬ķͷûʳˣȫ֪֡
ʮ껪ѩ¡
ѩʥԺģһѧԺͬӵԼҽñһѧԺӵĺΰ׳ۡ
˿һ£ܷһϮɫ̧Ŀ⣬߲㣬ϸӰмֲ֮⡣
ʱȥˣǰӴ̤ƺڣϡԺлصʱǺεȵ緢ͬԴ꣬ô˵ʱѾԼδ
ʱζû뵽һΣתۣҲַתۣӴ֮Ǳ΢꣬ͻȻͦļǰһǿߵĵ·ϵּչ¶ɡݳǻսһսܷıַ˦
ֱȥַ꣬ѪţɱݳǣƺƵңʱַεȷ⣬緢ΪݳµĳѪͳ죬ܷԼ˱ַŰûС
ܷеϣ˳չϣ˴⣬ܷǲַܹˣӵ꣬ѾҪżӣЩǴϢַһ֮ɱʮ侳ǿߣа侳ؾǿڣٶ𾪻ʳǡ
֮йһαһŻŻȥˣֻŸɽţڣҲûκε·ĳһ
ַ㣬ɱʮǿߣ侳صǿڣϢܷˣΪ֪չڱչǰҲֻ侳ؾ硣
ַɱ侳ǿߣǲúľۻᣬչɱַ㣿
ܷЩˣĳޡ޷ñ˵
ѩʥԺӿܷЩ¶˰Ľ֮ɫҲЩŮ¶֮⣬ΪӵԵʣѩʥԺ˶ϵܷ˿ܷӦڵȴˡ
¡¡
ͻأģһɺ嫵Ϣ·䣬죬ȶǿ
·ߵ˽Ų̧ͣͣͷտȥ漴ǵĿȫһ
ֻյУһӰ񷣬޴ſһ֮ԶĴݶ
ǴӡȺĿһֻǳĴӰֹסΣƯţ޴ĴţſϴſЦݡ
ͻˣչžۻǰͻˣ̤侳ؾ
ܷܷչ·ܷһչᣬ˲ϢǧףչܷһڿգյС
ÿ죬ӣͻˡȺĿһ侳صĴӣؽžۻ֮Уҫ۵ĹâΪѩʥԺ⡣
·ǸܵȺеĳȣչϴһ˿ȻЦ⣬ϴһѧԺûɱַ㣬˴ξۻᣬҪַ֮
ܷܷ侳Ϊɱַ㣬׾٣ҺϢɡչЦ˵ܷ΢΢ͷ侳صĴӣɱַӦûɣãչҪͷͻơ
˴ΣѩʥԺ˶ھ̾ӵĿֲ츳ǿʵû֪ҹһѧԺͬһգڰ죬˶ĤݣһѧԺĺҹ˿Ӱʵݡ

ͬʱڻʳǵһ羰֮أٲˮˮ̶֮ǰһӰվǣУһ
ʱһ΢紵ϣͻȻһĨµ캮⣬Ŷ
ͬʱ嶯ˣֱգ漴嵹һ̳
һ⡢Ӱֻܿһȥһ͵ϸ΢죬ˮ̶Уһ΢С޷Ķ
¶һĨЦ⣬һص˵֮ϣƮȻޱȡ
¡
һը֮ͻأĴǰˮ̶еˮɽһȪУĻ
ˮĻҲȥȻǴ֮ʱ㱻һ֮赲⣬޷ǰֺ
ʦֵļ⽣ԽԽˡһ̾¶һ˿Ժ֮ɫתŮ
ʦãвþͻһξۻᣬһΣһ̤磬ܲúʵһս졣
ޱȣ׳־ƣѩ£ؽһϯ֮ء

ͬһʱ䣬ڡѩɽׯһӰϣƺƵĳѩ»ʳǵķȥңǰߴŵˣһЩų⣬츳ߵĺĵӡ
ǶףһεľۻᣬǷǶŶԣǶڵŵӣһᣬûץסᣬܹʶһѩ±ţҲδһܹЩź󱲸Ŭ֪ж󣬲ŻиǿĶ
⣬ѩ¹õϢĴСԼ̤֮˻ʳ֮·
˵ʮһȵѩٽѩ¹ѵ֮ʱ


0414 
һУַ㲢֪ҪġӦģΪΨʵǿ󣬲ӵлȨ
һϮѾһЩʱգַҲ˵ɽڻȥ·ܵϮΨʣɽһ˻ţϮɽ˭ַ㲻֪Щɻ
Ϊɽڻȥ·ϼȫɱ֮֮˱ûҹ鷳
ƺЩϵַȥ󣬶޷µʵҲɴ಻ȥ롣
ַûмסǹűУǶһѧԺӵһ޴Ժ䣬һѧԺԺƽ˵ģһѧԺҲû˻
ַ츳һѧԺܼʵ˵һѧԺĵӣЩʦַܹȰɡ
ַһѧԺĵλӵһ˽ԺҲ
޴ׯ԰Ժ䵱УжͥԺ䳡ɽ̨ͤ羰ǳҲоסķ䡢ңõķ䣬Ƿǳȫ
ʱַ㣬ڵС
ַ⣬ϺͳҲڣˣΧһ޴¯¯ãӡ·ƾõʷϵϢ
޴¯ַųõľ
ȻַҲ˽⵽ƺǲȱȫģƵҩûġ
·һŻŨҵȼţȵĻ潫¯ס
Ϻͳϲûвֻ֣ǿַ㡣
ַݳ֮ʱַָ㷢ַϵԣʵһЩϸڷ棬ַѾҪָ̡
ַ㱾Ͷƾǿַǳʵã
ھ֮ϣһŨҩ֮˳ƮƺͿҪɵ
Ϻͳ϶һۣӶԷǶһ˿ɫַٶȣÿ졣
˿ַƵģƷר侳صǿͻƵ֮Լ纮ѩλͳ죬˳ͻƵ侳ġ
ԪΪԪʵͻƣÿһŵҩżߵļֵϾһöкܴܹһ侳ǿߣΪ侳۷˶ģļֵԽȼҪһЩĵҩ
ַΪ˶ηԼˣþ侳ԶˣǷȻмϣܹ֮
ôߣҲֶ侳ǿߣԼҲӵһЩԱ
ֲȫ֣һ뵽¯ڲĸŵҩƵÿһ̣Ҳøڵ״ǿԼֲ
Ż𣬳
ʱַ³һɢŶֱ֮λھŸλãȼš
Ŷ֮ʢĳ̶ȫһ£ĳмѹȥѹͬʱ¯еҩģҲڷѹɾŸ
мΪ£ţǼ֮гƺΪ֮
˴½е౦߹ҲȡΪΪ֮֮
ҪһǾŻѹڻõҩۣŻһҩںϣǵ֮ʱ

Ϻͳ̲סͷһƾŻ𣬶ҪǿƵȫͬɲô򵥣ƿҪ󼫸ߡ
ǿַ㣬ɫƽûа֮Уƺһǳͨһңַ۵ľŻǾŶȫͬĻȵĿƾŻҪһЩ
һ治֪ġ
΢΢ҡͷַ㣬Ǹϵ츳ˣϣҲ裬Ҫַ֪㣬ʮˡ
Ϻͳϼֱȥ룬ǵַ㵽䣬жֲ
Ȼʱַ߳ѩ£ַ̨ѩһ
Ϻͳ֪ɵʱ⣬ַ裬Ʒϲ̫⣬ɵʻǳߡ
֮ǿȣַӵһʦҪ߱ҪأҶһʦҪǿܶࡣ
⣬ַǻӵоϹ¯
ʵϣҲȷ˳ҩ֮֮ʱɫĵҩֱӴӾһ֮˳Բһ֪ҩƷʷǳ
ַ̽Ԫ֮ӿ֣ʱŵҩַзַƵС
ϺͳϿɵһҲǳ׵ķߵַߣַеɫҩһҡͷ
һ
ϵмΣҩĿɲôңҲֻʣ²ˣֱַŵҩҩģҪһʧܣеҩľ͵ȫϵˡ
ͷƵʱСģһſƣַһﵹãֱͬʱš
ϹַƵĵҩƷʱƵĻҪߡҲ˵һͬĵ˵ͷַƵƵĸá
ǾԵʡַǫѷЦ
оԵʣԼʵҲӹɣ㲻ҪɣҺͻϹ
ֱ׵˵ַҲûнʲôϡϣǳȥɡ
ַ˵Ž漴һ߳˵һͺ𴫳ֻվַǰһ˫˶Դַ㣬Ŀмϣ֮⡣
ҲԵҩַ㿴棬˵
𡭡淢һͳĺԴ΢΢ţַһ
̧ͷַ˵һԴ̧ɻĿַ㡣
ַЦ£ȡһŵҩֱӵ˳ȥһ㶣漴ſֱͣһڽȥ
һԵĶһԣﰡַ㣬̫˷ˣ


0415 η
һַ㲢ûģȻҪԣǱ
ֻһ侳һصǿ߶ѣ棬ȥɱ侳һصˣ侳ص޶ɱ˭ļֵԶ㣬ַ㿴ÿҲ֮ˡ
ȻˣǱԼĻ顣
˫ͷһĹʣһͳ˻漴̤Ųҡڵȥƺ㣬ӴԵмֻ
ַ㿴ڶӴЦˣ΢΢ҡҡͷ漴ȥҶηԼ

ηõַݹ£ַ㺰ַ磡
ֵҩǰӴûнӴ̫ˡ
η⣬ʲôʱоԼͻˣͷⵤҩܹһ֮ȻǲõĻԼţԼͻҲС
ַ΢Ц˵һַܲ˵Ǿ仰ηӵлѪ츳ҲǿûʲôĻһĶУҲʹΪͻƵķǳ죬ʱ䣬Ѿһ侳굽۷壬䶼ֻһ֮ң
η츳˿ЩνĹҪֻڻû˷ֶѡ
ַаһηһֱҲûκεİµ͵ҴûΪԼ츳ǿʵǿǲϵҪǰһú֪һѧԺһȻҲΪˣܰȫС
Ҳƾη츳ԣ˵һܴһľϲ
һǷðɣҸоӦþͻơ
η˼Ƭ̺漴˵һַĿ⽩£һȻ
η⣬ȷаգ
ַ̲סʵҩڷùһκ֮ñ㲻̫ЧģһЩ˵ĵҩԼⵤҩ
η侳ʧܵĻԺҲûʲôˡ
һʧһöҩͬʱηš
ַ磬Ӧòкܴ⡣η⿴ַ㣬˵ͷ
ַĬ£漴Ǻãھͳ侳磬Ա߻
ã鷳ˡη˵һȻֱԭϥַһ
һ⣬ҶȫΡ
η״̬ҲǷǳĿ죬ԷһЩԪʯֱ֮ӽ£漴תԪ
ַվһԣĿŶηֻڶηϣһɷĽɫ֮â֣ǳ죬дżְԵ֮Ϣ
ηһʲô
ַ㷢Զηע̫ˣηҪ侳侳ȹǱزٵģηûἰ֣ҶͻƵ侳ƺš
ηĹ򵥡
ַа˵֮ʱаԵľ֮Ϣ˸ֹһ㣬ηٶô죬ĹȻҲЩϵġ
ԪʯԼռ䴦ԪıַɣڶηγһԪ籩ԽԽֲ
ǵƷϵĹη⣬ȻӵȿֲַĿ΢΢̣Щ͸ˡ
һ֮ʱԪٶȣͿԿĴǿηʱԪٶȣֲܿ˿ѷηĹǳٶӦǵؼƷ
Ҫַ֪˵Ĵշ쾭ҲǵؼƷַܲ𾪡
ַԿ϶ηⲻʲô¿ԼģҲܵչ¶η⣬ûʲôĻ
ǶηĹӺζ
ֻеȶηԼˡַаһһԿŶηԪ
ܿ죬ڶηΧֲԪ籩·˾壬ηȫİУηòˡ
ԪҪҺΪԪˡ
ַͫһ֣ǵ͹ηˣĹ츳͹ˡ
˶ݵʱڣη⾹ȻͻƵף侳ס
һɿֲԪתţȵϢԶηΪģĳɢȥ
Ƭ̺ΧӰϡϡܿԼѩĿмϼĶη⡣
ܿ죬ɾ͸𾪵ɫη⣬Ҫͻˣ֮
̫˼ˣ侳ʲôʱôͻˣ
Ҳ˷ˡַаһ㲻ҪηҲܹͻƣֻʱϵѡ
ȻҲ˵˷ѣٴ˿ַ֪˶ηĲƽ
һɹɵԪӿ뵽η嵱УڶηܣһԪ³֣ƬӼΪķ
ͻˣҪͻƵס
¡¡
һɿµϢӶηŶڶηһڰ֮ͻأĳȺڰ֮ţǶη꣬ӡ֮š
ˣһ֮һȷӡ֮Ųϵĳֱ֣ȷӡ֮ųֺֹͣ˼ӡ
η⣬ӵȷӡ֮ţÿ¡
ҲͬʱһɷԪ𣬰ŶηڵԪȫԪ֮ϣһԪ֮â
â󣬶η⿴ǰӰ£漴ַЦַ磬Ҳͻˣڣҵ侳硣
η͸ż۵ľϲ·ҪַĿ֡
ַ˵ͷ˸ηǰãη⣬һ츳ôֲ
УַĿ佱η¶֮⣬ͷ·Щ˼
η⣬ĹʲôӺζַ㲻ʵҪ̽ηĵףǴȷʵЩηСг͸ôõôǿĹǶη⣬ҲᵱַʵҲ̹Ȼ


0416 潭
ַʻη£漴˵ַ磬˵Ҽб⹦𣿡
ηĿ⿴ַ㣬żϣ֮ɫ⹦·ͿļУһֱ
ηַ˵ͷţ
ַ㣬ȷŶη⣬Ȼأ֮ʱ𣬶һڶηϣҲûʲôֵģҶηǻѪӵѪ겢ŴõѪ֮ԺŴ䣬˵Ҳġ
ִ磬ллηַ϶Ŀ⣬¶һĨõЦݡ
лҸʲôͨõǿĹûиңҲ˵ʲôֻЩɻѡַҡҡͷ
šηͷ˾ܿܿ㣬ԺҲ侳ˣԱˡ
ɵСӡܿЦͶηĸȴǲһ㣬ͬһ
ηԴԵøĺ
ַЦתĿ⣬˵ηͻƵ侳ˣʲôʱ̡ܹ䡣
Ҫܡַһۣ˿ûиַӣַЩ
ҿɲҪ㣬ֻĳЩʵ̫߶ҶҲǸ׸ԸԼߵĻȻֵС
ַ⿪˵Ŀһͣݺݵĵַ㣺ͰͲ뿪ɣ
ԽҪߣԽߣһֱߡ
߲ȨʵԺɱұ˰㣬ﻹһܹͻƵ侳磬ţ侳ʱԷãһЩա
ַ˵һҪܾͿֱַһɫĵҩͫһ
һȻôӷƷһӣȻ֪
̽ץУҪ˵ʲôȴַתȥֱ̧Ų뿪ٿڵĻᣬɫӲһ
ַıӰмԹмָжһǸԼ͵ҩƫƫҪװһʲôںһ̫ɶˡ
ַ뿪֮󣬾ֱһɾŵķ䵱УʱϥڴͷƺڱĿ˿˿֡
ַ۾ַ¶һЦݣߵЦݡ
Цݣַ˲͸оѹȫжˣ˿Ψһ˿ɵ顣
ߵߣֱַȥ漴˸̹ȻȥߣͺĴһǳ̹Ȼ
΢ЦҡͷһԽԽˣǰһԼսսηηŵģֱӾĴϣƽûһ㲨
Ҳû˵ʲôַ֣ʵϣַĸ飬ַκε£˳ַ㡣
ַҲ֪һ㣬ϴ֮һͻȻ§ס壬ŵԼߡ
˵Դ۲һߣĿԡ
һĨ֮ɫ΢΢ͷֱַ۾
ַ㿴һĨ֮ɫǴһ˿ǳǳЦݣ§΢΢§ĻУ˫ӵס顣
飬һֱţԸ⵽Զַ³һ˳ޱȣַĻַ꣬㻳еЦݣж
ǰһֱˣֱԶǶôá
Ѿ˶ƻôӵţַ۾ϣͣȻ˯ȥ
ַ㣬˯εУȫȫķɣúõϢһ
˵Ҳʱ˯ߣ񳹵׷˯ȴѾܾûйˣһֱۺʱԺУʼһұ޷ɣΨкһʱַܹ׵׵ķ

ַյһ麯麯һ뺯дһкܼ򵥵Ĵ֡
֮Բ֮ҹ潭ϣѩžۻ֮գַһ𣡡뺯еݣûҲûбԺδַ֮ѾףңҲ˵εľۻᡣ
ǰӳչƵҪԸԼžۻ֮գַ㣬һս
һξۻᣬѩµʢᣬʱѩµţԻᵽһչǵķɡ
ͬʱҲѩȵԤѡѡѩţõ۹˿ܴܲѡ˲μѩʮĴȡ
̧ͷַ㿴գһâ˸Ż֮գҪˣѩµţжô㡣
֮潭ϣ


0417 η
ҹһȱ¸գûǳΨ£żֹ¶
Բ֮ҹôַѩ¾ۻᣬţʱȴôҲûȥ˽ƺ˴ѩžۻɻҶμҷֱˣǶμ֮ѩ¾
ΣַҲֻ֪ѩ¾ۻϣһսڵ
չѩ°˴ӵӣڵĵһţַһμʱչԸ̬߰ƺڣҪƺڽַ㽻ƺڳĪаͬˣǿϻӰַ֣ˡ
ַ㵽ڣɼǵóչַ̬߰㣬ϡ
չǰǰһǿƵ̬һѧԺҪɱַ㣬Щַȫμġ
ͳչĳԼԹޣһˣҲóչףַ㣬Ϊ
뵽չַһĻĻ£ֻһ侳Сӡ̤侳硢緢ȴѽƺΪַ㣬ƺ˸Ըһ˿ַ
ϵϹϵĸѣǱ׳ѪȵһĻĻַδҲһֱǵãָϴһöָƺ֮䣬ϣƺ˵ϣϣ
ʵǿһЩƺѩ£
ַ֮⣬˵ЩѪܰȵӵ㹻ʵؽƺѪҲҪһ
ѪΨѪܳ
աաաŲַ㽫˼أķȥֻһӰǣ̤
ַ硣꺰һϴһ˿Ȼ΢Цַż𾴡
η⣬ôûϢַҲЦ£꣬ʱЩĽη⣬һһû̫ෳ֮£ֻǳУַ㣬ϱ࣬ƺڵؽֺʧ١
˯šηߵַǰгһ麯ݸַ㡣
ǣַ㿴˶ηһۣ漴麯ӹɨһֻۣдһּ
֮Բ֮ҹ潭ϣѩžۻ֮գηһ𣡡麯ַյ麯һޣּҲͬӦǳͬһ֮֡
η⣬Ҳյˣ
ַ΢ЦŽ麯ݻظη⣬˴ܵˣӦöѩһ츳ڵޣηܵ麯һֿ϶
ַ磬ͻƵ侳ΪֻЩ֪Ҹû¶֪ģηмɻ˵ַ磬ҲΪǻ侳ޣ侳Ӧǵĵߡ
û¶ַ£ȷѩº嫣͵һʳǣǿű侳Ϊ֮ˣûκԣη˵侳ӦǷ麯ĵߡ
Ƕη˵Լδ¶ǣ֪η侳ģ
ѩµˮеҪַЦҡҡͷ벻ͨ㲻ȥ룬Ŷηη⣬Ȼյ麯ľǣǶ츳Ŀ϶֮һǰ潭֮
η˵ͷüͷȴ΢΢ţַַ磬һһҪ˵
ʲô飿ַ㿴ηüͷҲмɻ󣬶η⣬һֱȽϿʣǴ΢Ц֪ʲô£ԵЩء
ַ磬첻ʹңΪλôĹ𣿡η⿪˵ַɫһʱηĪʲô飿
㲻˵бǹ𡣡ַ
⹦ȷʹҵļ䵱Сη˵ͷַ磬ΪıǿҵԴƺһЩ䣬ÿһһЩЩ䣬ңҲûоУһЩĹҲ似ǳ֡
ţַηĻ£ΪԽԽǿԺо䣿ȷ֡
Īǣ˽ӡԺУΪǿ㱻ӡļ佥ѣַ²Լ²ⶼûаգӡڱ˵ԴҷӡԷΪǿһĽ⿪ôӡˣʵжôֲѩ¹ֲҲǿߡ
η⣬ĸĸַͻȻʵ
ȴηҡҡͷ˵ַ磬ҴûмҸĸֻ֪ӵлѪǱĻˣһֱСسе壬Ҹĸ˭Ҷ֪
ַüͷţη⣬ȻûмԼĸĸôԺеļ䣬ȷʵܹ졣
˽ӡڶηԺУȥͶηԴὥѵҲһ츳Ļ츳ֲ̫һЩ
ַ磬һǣҷԼٶȺܿ죬еĹ似Ҳǳ죬·ϤһͻᣬҲԹһЩڼеĹ似ȴûôףЩЩ似ȼҪͺܶࡣ
ηڣַɻԽԽüͷҲø֣ΪΣַ͸
˼Ƭַ̣Ц£η⣬ֲʲô£Ҳĳδ֪츳ҲһȻףͲҪȥô࣬ԺһҰǰ
ηֻõ˵ͷԴҲףαԼͷۣ簲ĵΣΪ죬ֻкô
ַ磬ȻȥˣҲϢηһַ˵ͷ漴ηͻȥˡ
ַվ⣬Ŀеһȱ£һվһҹ
ڶ죬ҷ麯ϢҲʼɢȥ˲ϯʳǣ漴ѩ¹ɢ
һʱ䣬˭õ麯Ϊ˹עĽ㣡


0418 Ҫַ
麯츳λ˭õ֤츳õѩϿɣҫޱȡ
ûеõ麯ˣ򶼳һط۶ȥ潭֮ⳡʢľٰ֮أˣܹĿѩ¹š
ƽʱˣΣҲܹ
ǻʳǵˣʳ֮⣬ѩ¹طȺҲĳѩ»۹֮ʢᣬû˻᲻ע
ˣ뿴ѩ¹Щжǿ츳ߣҲԼǡ
ڣڵգӻʹݶȫʳǣֻ
Ϊ̤ʳǵʵ̫ˣӵ˿ڵĻʳһʱԵüӵƽʱڴ·֮ϣȫӰ
һЩڻʳ֮ȺǳķŭڣǧΪ˵㣬ǣ޷ǣзǳơ
ЩѾ̤ʳǵ򶼰ңǰϵˣĻ˿Ҳһڻʳǵ棬޷Ŀⳡʢᡣ
֮Ļʳǣ˵ڴУ죬١
潭λڻʳԱ֮أ潭Ｘףɴǧ֮أͷ
潭ϣһ޼ʵشһ磬潭ԣ飬ȫӰһ֮⣬Ŀֲ
Щˣ¶һţ潭֮ˮҪ
潭ϣޱȣʶǲʶģۣ˴յ麯ţж٣ֻЩˡ
Ȼ˶һҲٲһЩìۣЩҪ潭Ա߼˲ãìܱ˺ܶطֱǳ⼸֮ڵĺƵȺ֮䣬һЩսƲĲˣͷ·еһֲƣڵһ֮󣬺ܿͻʧ֮С
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ȴƺôһ죬˸оУ·Ǽ켸ҹԽڴʱ·͹Խ
ڣ潭ĻˮʱһţѪ죬ֻҪϦĻԲ֮ʱȺģҲԽԽ
ˣžۻᣬڿҪˣǵһ̣̫á
ԶյУһӰʨ֮ϣٵĳ߱
Ϊ֮ˣòϣһʣݡ
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ǣڵˡȺĿ΢Щ˽ĵطһӭչģɷĵż֣ڡ
ңڶŶͬҲѩ¹һЩǿȻڱЩС
Ϊ׵֮ˣȻڵ档
˵ܵ룬˴֮һĴȻö˵ʵ֪жֲˣڵĺĵӽɽƺҲ̤侳磬ڱ֮ѡ
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ϼڣϼڵҲˡ
ȺԶĲһȺӰ໥ӳգżֲɪ⾳ȺߣҲרǵĵ̣ϼڵĵ̡
ϼڵشƫԶӴû뵽Ҳǰˣһ˴Դ˹Щ곤߼ϼ˴˵ȺĿⶼͶϼΪ֮ˣ˴ڶУİһˡ
ȺĹ˴ƺһֱ·ʲôʹ㡣
ϼںͱѩɽׯһΪųǣյַ㣬ϼǰųǿȫˣ˴ʹ
һֱַ㣬ɱųǣʱųǣֻһʬ壬ɭֲ˴ΪַҲˣںִַ֣ӻʳǴݳȥ˹˴ĶС
˴Σ˴̤ʳǣҪһԭ򣬾Ҫɱַ㡣
Ϧͽ£ѩʥԺһѧԺ¼ҡҡŵˣҲ½ˣȻҲ潭רλá
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ѩʥԺķӰչᣬӰֱӽڵȺ֮ǰ
ס
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չһΣԼʲôɣ
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İɸף˵ַɱ£û㣬Ҳɱչһ֮ɫַ㣬ɱ
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ǣҪɱַ㣬ںͱѩɽׯˡϼҲˣԼңҲˡ
ʵڵƺڱָ𣬾ѾעַǵĳޣûкһУʳޣҲҪ㡣


0419 ڰ
֮ϦĻһԲ£
ԲµĹ¶ӳ潭ˮ֮ϣ⣬¹֮£޾Ӱ
ԶƿյȺĿת漴˵ȫһ
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𺳵ǣм䣬һ̨ΣɫΣεĻ֮ϣһ֮Ӱ
ͬʱεԱߣвǿնУЩˣһǳϢǿ

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ХϵХ֮ȺĶĤǷ·ܵһϰԵ֮⽵٣Ĥݵĸо
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ѩžۻᣬˡȺ𾪣ֻһ㣬ܹ˴žۻᣬεҪע
ʢᣬѩĴһʮһȣˣһҲֻܿһΡ
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졢֮ϣǱˮˮˮ
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ˮľÿһмʮ׳봥ˮޱϡ
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ŭ֮಻Σǹµˮ֮ϣͣ潭֮ˮΣȴֻںҡţȴƶֺΪ졣
ڣͣ£ص潭֮ʱյУһ޴Բ֮ȦһƬռΧС
ԲξȦıп񱩵·ûֹƺڿգΪ˻һԲξȦ
ѩȣʮһȣѩʮ츳ڵɶ顢սμӹѩ֮ˣֻҪδΪһǿߣһһδȣѩµŶԣǻᣬޱȾ޴Ļᡣ
ʱ潭ϵεУһƮĴǺܴȴ÷Բ˶
·һħܹɢȥֱȺĶĤУ˶
ǲμӹѩȵˣֻҪΪһǿߡһ
Ⱥ仰ȫʮˡǰĴŶԣǣǲμӹѩȵһţصѩ¹ѾûܹᲢˣˣΪѩ¹ҫ۵š
μѩȣѩʮսεȵҫ˶󣬵ˣֻܹûвʸ
ҾΣҪףѩ򣬺ޱߣʮȣѩУģÿһңţܹμѩĴȣζл߳ȥѩʮŽʶ˵ǿֲĲ㣬ͬʱܹμѩȣܵõô˼ıδûܹԤϵߵһ
ǵƮٶȻĴдȥˣڰ
ѩȣ˼ı
ֻҪܲμѩȣǾܹ߳ѩ¹ʶһ¸ȵš
ǣҪμѩȣҿǵʵ츳ɣֻҪȿˣŻὫѡ۹֮ˣõ۹֮ѡ֮ٴλ˵˴Σˣѩ츳õһǱ뵽ˣǶлᣬڣõ麯ˣ뵽еĺڰȥɣҽеһεɸѡȻ˴еκһˣԲýС
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˴ӣԲýУҲζţ˴еκһˣ൱ֱͨһֵɸѡ
ͻȻһӰǺڰȥȻڰ˲䣬ڰ֮׵סӰʧͷ·ƾʧˣûκεϢ
ô£
Ⱥͫ͵һȦеĺڰȻ˶ûˣҪڰ棬ƺѡ
һֵɸѡѾʼˣ


0420 ֮

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ԭΧƳȦĺǶȺͷ΢˵ʵˣһû©š
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ÿĽȻЩƣѹô
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žۻ֮գ̫ˣȣȺ磬ҪŬԼʵΪ
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һ֮Ĩɱʮ侳ǿߡţôûܵ룬Ȼδ֡
Ⱥע⵽ˣЩɱַˣҲ㣬ַ㣬Ȼûе
ѩʥԺ򣬴ӳչĿ⿴һѧԺˣĮ˵һһѧԺ˵ҪǰμӴ˴ʢģ
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һѧԺǵһŶûУ˲ҲμӴ˴εʢᡣ
չеķ֮Ũ﹥衣
һѧԺһȺųѣʲôţ֮ܳΪѧԺʥԺȣֱǳ衣
ѩʥԺȺһ壬˴˻һ
ѩʥԺٸŻһãҪһѩǿʱѹѩʥԺݬ룬վǰ˴ӵ԰֮⣬ûгһţһЩֻ֮ɱ
ԶһĴ潭֮ˮһ𣬴żĮ֮⡣
ǣ޷һȺ츳ˣҲ̳һȺ߹֮ͲҲ𣡡
ȺͫȫһԶ۷׷仰ѩʥԺˣȫ߹ܣ޷̲ͬӣͬʱҲ˴еĴѩӣֻ԰֮
󣬵ޱȡ
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֮ϣӰһһŮӿʣĿɾ峺ȴ潭֮ˮ䡣
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Ļ棡
Ⱥаһ⾳ɱ֮Ũžۻ֮أˣ·潭Ĳſˡ
ַ㣡
˵Ŀ֮ϵϣͫһˣַ㡣


0421 
һĿ⣬ȫַϡ
ѩʥԺ򣬴ѩӵУһĨɱ⡣
ǣɫ̹ǵĺ䡣
Ѿûյķɣͷĺ˿׷ɣ֮⣬ƺ࣬ǿ۾ֶᷢǵӵķ̹ǣޱȡ
ǵΪǰˣ
ַ㣬ֻǵ˫ӣ֪ԷʱҲûаװ׶ȹȻ˲Ϊ
ַ֪ǣĨɱκ֮󣬶Ǻ˿׷Ӵ˺ٹѩʥԺ֮£һΪģɱгһֻɱַ㣬ΪӶκ
ַһǽ޷ö˲޾Թɱַ㣬񷤶ȵ潭֮ҡ
ַ㣬ܿͻڵģΪһУǰڡչĮ͸Ųһ֮ɫ죬ͻַĩգЦʱ
ǰǰȥƺҪˣʱҪҵ㣬ǰ˴֮һʱң侳ߣҿη㣿ȥҴ侳Ϊ侳Ϊ㣬ôΪԵã˵һڣ˴ӣЦɱ
ַһȺĶһԭչַǰʶһйԹʱĳչѾǰ˴֮һַ㾹侳磬ʱַڳչǸ׵׵֮ɡ
꣬侳侳أÿµ츳
ȺипǼ֪ԭѩҫ۵꣬Ǿ˶Ҫ
ַȣѾǰ˴ӵĳչΪȷʵ̫ͣҲףΪԽߡΪҲԽѣÿԽһ𣬶һηԾ
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յУԣʦǳǳһЦĿһһٶΣҲ侳Ϊѣݳܻĵܣ죬ұҲܶ
⵱Ȼʦ侳صΪԼ֮ɱ׾١
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˿ַĶȫ£ܿٵڰУҲԣ
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ֻ˵ַͲںûƺƵ̤УֳԼǿ
Щַ㿴ãܿ죬֤ʵʱˡ
ƷַȦУˣʮˣʮλţΪ侳һأҲֻ˶ѡ
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ʱѵʱԱߣһλ̧ͷ˵һ漴ڿնվȺǰ˵ˣΧڰ֮ȦվԱߡ
мɻҪڰվǺ⡣
ɶˣȵվڶԣΧһԲΡ
˴֮ˣ츳ԣѩţΨгܵѹӵޱȼ͵־ܳΪǿߣˣ
߻ĿڣȺͫһ˶Ҫʲô
ʱˮ֮ϵľٶȷҡϣͷͻأĿХ
ĺڰ֮³ǺڰޱȵıŰߣƻ裬Щ·ӡ
ڰ񣬽ԲڵգȺɶȥȻ˵壬ȫ˽ȥ


0422 Ϸ
̤棬;ɱ¾ɣֻܴ̼޵ȫǱǲϱǿΨŵˣʸΪѩµҫҪμѩȣ߳ѩ£ȣҪѩµϿɣҫ
ǺеȺһߵ˫ɲϵ趯ӡᣬݣƬ̣ǷĺƽϢƬɫУȺܿһĻĻĳǵǰ
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Ⱥһ˿ǿǺƺһɫĲ͸ĿЩȺ档
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Ⱥڱûһ̣ߵһ仰棬;ɱ¾仰£Ǿͺһռ䣬ȫİĿռ䡣
ַ飬ֿˣ໥ԷǸտʼվһģ˿ȴӦԷĴڡ
ǡþַ̧ͷǰһУҹԲ£޾Ⱥȫˣֻʣ¹ѩ׵Ĺտޱȣַֻһˣң⹬ƺкܶտڡ
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ⲻһɱ¾ˡַаһŲûдԭ취ƿþ׼ȥѰ飬Ⱥ
þ˿ɲˣﶼţûһַ֮Ĳ飬ܡʵǿ
ʵĻþַڹŲ̤ڰʯϣżƻԵüİտǻþ·ʵ硣
һȱڴͻأģһɿֲϢ٣ַһ漴һƿյķɱ
һ˿ĮЦݣַһɿֲϢţŰ΢
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˴һеȭȴǰɱȥ˵ȵȣȴûͣ
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ɱ
ַŭһɱ֮ӿڶԷȭͷϣһѪɽ͵Ϯ֮˵ȭͷֲĽѣַȭײһʱһҵĽ˴ȭͷʼֱ۴类ѣֱһûʺ
һλ侳֮ˣ
ÿµʵ
Բ֮£ȺͷĻ棬ͷ
Ǹַܲ˵ϢȴܹǵĶԾղַ㶯ֵʱ粣ĺƺЩȡ
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һӰӺеȺһӰʬ壬ղűַɱˡ
ĻþڻþУȴıɱˡ
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Щˣ츳Σǽ֮˵УǵȴһĲֵҪģֻѡļ֮ˣˣûмֵ˱ˡ
һҽַұ߷ַĿ΢˼
ղ͵ϮҵˣߵĹҽ֮ұߵĹ
ַ˼ţĹһķݣҶˡ
ǰ棡ַĿͻȻһǰһţͬһţһ棬¶ˡ
Ź񣡡ַĿһâ̧ͷбϷȥҲǹϷ˲䣬ͫȻһ
šһš
Щ̤ȺӦþһŵĺ档
ϷþһϷ
ַͷԽԽ䣬Ȼ㣬ˣȻܿҲᷢ˾ܣһź棬ڣ˵ڵ
ţʱַüͷһ壬תֻǰ治ԶͻȻ͹һ˫ۣǡ
Ȼ桢Ҳˡַ·һ˿Ȼɫ
ۿַ֮£漴ȥװʲô֪һһĻַ¶һϷ֮ɫ
ȵȣ˾䣬Էص彩Ӳ޷װȥַֻЦ¡
Ҳ֪ڴˣ
ûϵ˵
ַЦ˵Է彩ǣҲǣֲңǳԥ
͡͡
һ֮ԷЦݽӲͫ׷ףоޱȿ־ɫ
һѪͷȪĿֲ
ַ㣬ĿҲӲԷ桢ˡ
ọַ̀ĿŲǱ߿ȥ͸һĨŨŨɱ⡣


0423 
ʱ˵ĿѾɢķǳףַһţʬǰĽ£ûκε
ַ㵱Ȼ֪˿棬ˣֶμΪ̡
ͻأģַ̧ţȻһ̤ʱһ¡촫һŰȱֱӳַ壬Ҳ·䡣
͡͡һɿֲɱַϣַһֻǰһʯ黯ɵķ̣졢ǳĿ졣
ɽַ¶һĨ֮һ֮ͽĺĵӵһˣɽ
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ܹɱʮλ侳ǿߣַʵǴģǿ
˵ڲǰҲ̤侳Ϊַ㾳ַͬ侳ص˶ɱ˼
ڣȻûһöַɫĮһĳŽɽȥýɽͷһ
ַ㣬ڵĳԹչԻ㣬Һ㾮ˮˮαҪҶ֡ɽַս治ҡ
ˮˮַЦ£⽭ɽ˵Ц
ָǾʬ壬ַĮĵƺҲˮˮ͵Ϯɱˣν͡
ɽĿЩӲ棬׼ɱ¾Է͵͵ץᣬȻҪɱԷַȴ֪λشźá
ɱˣҪʲôɣҪɵĻƾһ㹻ɱˡ
ַϵɱŨŲĳŽɽȥɽ𣬺˸ϣһɺغ嫵ϢϢһɽӰ˽ɽ
Ҫɱңûô򵥡
ɽһ֣ǰĴʱһɽʯ֮Ӱַȥ·Ҫַ嶼û
ַĿĮһɽʯȻƻӶһɿµĽţ͵ѷ漴Ǻ¡ı졢˷
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ַЦһ廯һ磬ޱȣ쵽˼顣
ǰӴܵĽɽоһת漴ĿоǺȻ֮ɫ
ַ㣬ȻôѾ󣬿ֲĽϮ·Ҫ˺ѡ
Ҫɱҡɽŭһ¡ɽӴʬַȥƺ
ɱ
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ɽ壬һСɽַɱȥ졢ǳĿ죬⽭ɽ廯ľʯ͸ŷ֮⣬ַ㱻УҲҪˡ
磡ַͺһˣƮѣеԪ֮ľгŻ
ɱɽŭһַӰȻַ㣬ַٶ̫ˣľԽԽ
ûὭɽַеԪ֮֮ԽԽǿΪֲ
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ͣ͡
ڴ˿̣һϸ΢촫ַֻµĵ汬ѿһӰ
ַ㳯ŽɽնµĽ΢΢һͣǳģҪɱ
ɽɱ
һҵĺ棬һӰų£ɱַ㣬ȫɱ⣬Ŀַ꣬㡣
ǰ棬£һˣȺˣҪɱַ㡣
ɱΣɽҲƺҪ˰㣬ֹס˵Σַɱȥ
ַĿ⼫ĮͷϿպͽµɱֲܿ˿̽ɽҲҪƴַȻаտնɱɽȷ˹УǻеĻԿɲ̫ˣַԸɱɽ
廯һ磬ַ˲Ʈʮ֮࣬¡ը촫ַղվ֮أռ䶼·𱻽ʳɷ顣
ٶȹ죡
ַĿĮйܵƣͻȻ͵ϮٶȲĻױһɱսǿΣΪʹǿĹϣҲɱ
Ŀַ鸡ڿգǰӰ
˷ֱڽɽϼԼҹ
죬ϼڵһӣҪɱַ㣬һҲ֣ҹӦǶ¼ˣַ˺ͶҹӦһҡ
һûɱַ㣬ʱɫ̫ÿ
Уɽ춼侳ʵҹ侳أղһûɱַ㣬ַǿʵҪԸ»ЩѶȡ
ͬʱ潭ϣȺȫͷַԼǶŵˣײһˣַ㣬һ˶Ըλţ֪Σ
⣬Ⱥ棬Ŀ˵ټʮˣѾʮˣĨɱ̤֮ˣûһࡣ
ַͷϿգһʥӰƺѰַ㣬һţǾʬ壬׼ȥʱ򣬽Ųͻأֻǰ棬һӰǰ
ǰͳ졢
Ůˣɫ΢һ⣬飬ַŮˣַ㣬ŮˣҶ


0424 ͵ϮĴ
鱾оеһĨа֮ɫϲɵɢһɱϢȥ
⣿Цϴαַ󱻵㲦չһʱգ֮ҲֱΪһ㡣
侳ΪЩȺУӦߣܱȣϾ˴һûн
ַ㣬ŮˣұŮˣҿʲôӦ
ɫĮչΪ֮ȥҹҶԷУûַֻ㣬ΪǿˣҶɿԸ࿴һۡ
ַ㡣
ʱһͻأĿһ٣Լȥ漴һӰ
üͷһһâ
쿴鲻ɵ£漴ǴһĨЦ⣬Ǽʲôû
ĻһɼȺϢȥҲûںЦ£ȥطɱˣˡ
˵գ³ԭ·ء
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ʱ鲢֪ҪҵˣĽ¡
ַ˶ţΧһɽХ֮£͸ſռ䡣
ɽԼҹַֿΧסǣûһ˸Ҵ⣬ַʵǣû˸ӡ
ڻþУҲҴ˿ûþ˼ţһжҪ֣ʹȫ
ַͷֻ¶һ㣬ȷڿǣҲֹһˣˣĿõʲô
ˣҪ
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á˵ͷַ㣬ǱͲұڽɽϣɽʯ帲ǣһˣһɽ
ϣǲһѤϼâһϼ⣬ȴ̺Ż֮⡣
ɱ
ҹһʱ˵ͬʱַ˹ȥɱⱼڡ
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ҹҲͬʱˣҹƮƮһƴɭϢַϮȥϼ⾹ſֲĴ͸Լ
硢ɶ
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ѣ
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Įɨ˽ɽһַۣûпȻǿǾȽԵɱ˵
͵Ϯɱңַ㶢Ŷҹɫ޾ڲͣ䶯ţ飬ǳ¡
ҹַдŵĺɱҲЩڣղŽɽַײǻ̫ã̴ټ¼ַ֮ìܣˣҪɱַ㣬ԣλűɱһȴûгɹ˿ַ̻ɱһˡ
ˡ
ַɱɫ޾ߺϹ⻺ںһ𣬻һͷޱȾ޴ߣ£˫޴аޱȣ꣬ޡ
ȥַͺһ񱩵߳Ŷҹȥҹһ漴徹һ糯Զȥ
侳صǿַ㣬ҹȻˣҺַһս
磡
ַЦһӰ쵽£ŶҹһնҹͷһȻתǽâĳһơ
𣡡Ƭ̵ͣ٣߳ǰֱӽҹסſ޴ֱӳŶҹԴȥ
ҹɫ䣬ֲԪ֮ɱȥͬʱԵ˺߲岿λ
ƺַĴڡ
ղ˶Ըַһˣ˿̣һˣԸַһͷֲޡ

һĽ֮ն£һѪ۸֣ҹ΢΢һ漴ԴǾ޴ˣѪȵĨɱ


0425 ڵѿ
ɽ彩Ӳɽ֮ʯɸϣ˿̵ȴû˰š
Щ벻ףΪַ侳صΪɱ侳ء侳ص˶˵ɣָоַûз
ַ㣬
ʹˣˣνţԸַһˣٶȡɱǹֶΣǶַ㣬ɽķȻǿףǵַ㣬һɽַҲƿ
ַĿתϵʱ򣬽ɽɫӲϾҪһĨɱ
ԽţеĿ־Խ
ò侳ΪΪںĵһˣ˾Ĥݣǰ;һƬ£ɽ
ɽҲ¿־ǿҹԴ̵ȻʧӰɽһθо˴Ѿһ
ŹңԺʲôġɽַ㣬˵ҪҰκ¶ԣڡ
ַзһ˿ŨŨķ֮ɫţţΪ˱ţЦ
ڣԼԸġַĮ˵ͷֲ߲ϣԴڰ֮У޴Ӹ£Žɽýɽ嶼΢΢ҹߣɽС
ҪβſϷŹңɽַʵ
ΣҶŹ㡣ַƽĻӦһŲǰýɽĿ⽩Ӳ
ַԽԽˣϵĿ־֮⣬ԽԽʢѵɽҪˣ
ɽûҪַսף·
һ죬ַĿ⽩ӲֻʱɽȻ˵ϣǰ
ǲûʲôѪΪʲôһҪɱңֻҪϷŹңҽɽԺʲôġ
ɽ˻Ŀ죬ַǵķ̣ԽΪŨ
ڻþ֮⣬潭ϵȺҲһĻĻǵȫ̡
ˣǵĿ⣬ڵķͶȥ
ڵšźĵӵһˣ˿̣Ȼַ¹򣬹ģǶôķ̡
ַʵȷʵֲֲǶЩľ
ϾַĨɱʮ侳ǿڳ˲ֻ࣬һѧԺһЩ˿ˣ˿̣ˣĿַɱš
ԣӦýš
ţҲҪǺʲô˱ȣڴǰ̤侳ѾѵһţַǰСһˣлһ˱ַΪߡ
ڣһ˹ڵģַǰܳţ
ȺɫѾѿˣǳ棬ɢɭϢ
һΣȻ޲Լеĵһˣﶪۡ
ڵһű֮Ŀùַǰ͸оԼڲϱ˳һģɽһ򶪾ˡ
ʱѩʥԺȺеĳչܷҲо޹⡣
ַ㲻ɱ㣬ҲҪɱ㡣չ䣬ɱ͸ַսչǷЩַʵֲֻ̫Ҫַ߳Ҫɱַġ
Ѿòչ֣Ȼɽַ£ַ㣬Ȼûˡնɱ
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ַ㣬̫
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˿ڻþУɱ¾ڽţǿ˭츳ֲȺҲ˸˽⡣
þеʮˣֻʣʮˣЩʣµģľӢ
ʮˣһţˣⳡϷУĨɱ
ҲǸû뵽õ麯ӣƵѩȵһ߻ᣬȴǵĽ֡
ʣʮУм˸ע⡣
ϴſ֮Ⱥ˵סֵ꣬죬ɱ࣬һɱһˣĽǶ֮
⣬ʦãʵҲֲܿɱ˺üˣȺ֪㵴ɽʦãʲôǵʦǺˣ
ַԲ˵Ҳܿ£ֻɱˣһĨɱԷûлڣڶԸַŮˡ顣
һˣǳע⣬гǡƷ
˿̺֣ûɱһˣ˾ͱܿƺη壬ǣÿ˲ҪɱʱȴûһγɹƷﻹΨһֵ»ѵˣˣˡ
Ʒأ׽͸Ҳʵжǿ
Ⱥղ⼸ˣӦʵǿһײ֪ᷢʲô
Լַ㣬˿ѾڶԸˣҾַ棬ֻҪַȥͻῴʱ˱Ȼᷢײ
ʱڻþַ㣬ܺȺһһĿȻĿһУ˿̵ϹӣڻþС
ַоܲãǰϷһоԼϷеĽɫ˲ٿš
ַҲףʵƿþֻܼϷĹȥѰҡȥɱ¾


0426 Ϊ
ַûеʱ䣬þУм˵ʵַ㻹Ϊɵġ
һڶסɽ죬ӶԷϵַܸܵԷʵȻǿ
ڻʳǵУսһʱʵ侳أӵ꣬ܿ£㲦ʵ¸ǿˡ
ˣʲô࣬ҺַЩԹɲֹ̫ۡ
ңþˣҲûһʵСģȻҲǿЩ˺ͽɽֶԸһԸĻͬ
ˣַſҵ顣
ӰַܿһţһУǳĿտûһӰֻһӡһ̲ѪȻﱻɱˣʬ˻þС
ûκεַͣӰֳܿһ
ûˡ
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ӰһпԽַҲûȥᣬЩˣҲͬûַ㣬ϾַʱҪһԣֲңȥģֵ
ôҲ
ַѾ˶ʮҲ飬ҲԵЩꡣ
һʮ˽þУþеĴҲһֻʮˣҲܱþҲַɫأһ˸
ǺһŮ𣿡
ʱһַĶУһӰǽϣԵЩڴǽ֮ϣַ㣬ĿдǳЦ
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ƷԳǶг֮ˣַвǳӡ
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ƷЦҡҡͷ֪֪ҲҲ
ַüͷһһ⣬Į˵⻰ʲô˼
ȻҲǲ²⣬ԼԹһΣǵٴʱûҵͿԿ϶ˣٶҪ㡣
ƷɺЦżɢ֮⣬ĻַüͷԽԽĿкŨ
ûٿƷַٶȿһḶ́˺üˣʦˣȴûжַ֣˿ֻ̣ҵ顣
ַûж֣Ҳûж
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صԭأƷ˵Ҳ飬ʱƷ͸ղһɢпǽϣƺûж
ַûиеȣֻЦҹȻûв´Ź鴫
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ƥ򡣡ηͷٶŭһɿֲŶӡϢԽԽǿ
ӡ֮ţߵĿһ΢΢̵Ŷη⿴Ƭ̣漴һΣη⣬ӵзӡ֮꣬Ϣƺкüȡ
ǵϵĻѪ
նΣʵ
θɣƥ򡣡ηŭ
ߣȻնΣˡ㲻Įĺһûٿη⡣


0427 е
þУһǿҵײ漴ֿǹһѪۣϵĮ֮⣬ȴԽԽʢ
þеĴ·һǿҵĺǣ䡢̹ǣң䣬ǿ
㵹Ǻִţ侳ΪʵȨƣַ㶼ңңʲôãĪҪҶǿɡ
飬˵УһĨĶ֮ɫüǿŮˣҸңòϣҲҹҶ棬ַŮˣַۿ棬ģЩˡ
ŮˣҲͦ䡣
ȻֻһԵΪĻϺŵԽԽ·Ҫռ䶼ᡣ
ҪִԲˣ㲻Ҷ֣ҲҪָ㣬ַ㣬û㡣ܵǹԽԽĺ⣬ĮĿڵ
ԭջʳĽͳ죬ϲ˵Ůˡ
һɢĿ΢΢һ漴ͿִŴ򿪣һӰ˳
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ͺһֲɱ⽵ƷϣҸ£ɱ
Ʒ￴ȭͷԽԽϵЦͻأʧȡ֮һɷ֮Եľ紵ϣ졣

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ƺǸַܵϵɱ⣬ĿһƷתƣַ㣬Ц䲻ӦҵŮˡ

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Хݺᣬռ֮УһɷֲĽַۣУԪ֮Ρ
üͷһһͬһɿֲϢţַţ˵Ϣڿн㡢ײ
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ַĿɨһۣĮƷ˵޷ҵ飬ˣϼһĹΪ֮
ƺǸַܵĿ⣬ĲһΪˣôΪ͵˿ʼսĪҪ֪ôġ
ߣȻڷַ㾳С󾳽硣


0428 ȭ
Ʒ߻£ĿֱӽƷɫ䡣
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0429 ɱ
𣿡
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ҺˡʶҲֻ·ݳǣȴɱݳǾʿַҪ𣬾ʳ㣬ڣˡ
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ȫңַЦɱۣУԪ֮۶ɣַܣŭХ
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䲻䣬ῴġַͬⲽ֮⣬˿СУΨн˼ǽˡ
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0430 ɱ
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ַֻ侳صΪ侳صǿߣҲûĶ֡

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0431 ɳ
ȺĿⶢеӰ͸ŨŨ˷֮⣬ַ㣬ţ˵ɱɱ
ַŮˣַΪգϵ£Ҫɱ
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Уȥɱ֮£նҡͷһ䣬ɱ̫֮ǿˣ·̺־ǻΪǿɻᱻɱ֮˺ѵ÷˿ɡ
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֮ںϣַ㣬ֻɱһУҪʵĳŵϵ£ɱ
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潭ϣѩʥԺ򣬶Ŀɱųչ˵һóչĿ΢мֲĿŶǡ
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Ƕųչ˵չȻͻˣʵһ侳ء
Ļʳǽͳ죬ƾΪԼ似˴Уĳչսһʤ
ַ㣬ѹӵһս֮
˿̣ɱַõĻᣬλᣬҪһսʱûѡ񡣡
ȰչĿ˸ԥڴ˿ȥɱַ㣬ǳ֮Σҵ˶棬ЩŲ¡
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ɱʱ֮дַĺĿֲɱ֮ųɺâ嵯ɫ԰ףѪˣַУַ㣬̫¡
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ַ㣬һսչһ֮ӰֱӳַȥȺͫȻһ


0432  ֽ
˴֮һĴӣˡ
ǵһֵİ˴ӣľǣӴ˴γ֣ףֱӳַ㱼ȥȻǡ͵Ϯַ㣡
ַ㻹ںսչͻȻڳַ֮Σ
ǻգĴ֮ӰȺΪַ˰Ѻ졢ӵдĳչٶȿǷǳĿ¡
޳ܣ
ηվڵϣչͻȻ֣ŭҲȻһ
ȻѾԼҸ͵Ϯ̨£Ϊٶ̫Եʣηַܵ㡣
ҲȻ侾һɿµĺͷţųչȥʱҪֹҲѾˣֻתۼ䣬ӳչͳ嵽ַǰ
Сģ
麰һַͫĮֲĸӦȻ֪ʱѾˣȻɱ֮ڶ˲޷ֻǿоԷĸо
硢ַӰƮȻˡ
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һХ֮˸Ȼ򣬿쵽˼顣
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ˣչͻĹֲַؿڴѳһӣͬʱݺݵĳ¡
ӣȻг֮Σ֮ӣʵ軳ɵģǿһַ㡣
һֱӳַǰַסϣһɼµĺҪڳܿ¡
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鿴ַıӰȻӰʪУһĨЦõµЦһЦضҪΪ㾡з
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˶оַź䣬Ƿ·עһԣ䲻顣
Σʤܣǣַ㣬ΪΪ֮Цߵ
ַĿתҲûһ˿ᣬΨںĮɱ¾ĶеԼչ
ӣչ
ַЦˣ̵Ц
գ̤һѧԺ磬ҪһսһѧԺӦڴ˴ξۻᣬһսȻνսˣַǼʶˣȻѩʥԺˣһȺͽۺ϶ɣ޳ϰˣˣıɣҵûио̫֡
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ѩʥԺһͷַ㣬ĿĮȴԡ
ʵǰκεﶼԵСҳչɱ㣬û˻˵ұɣս㣬ɱ
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ڰ֮ڤ֮
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ӣһɱ³һ岻˸ˡ
Ⱥа̾սѾʧȥĹƽλţһλǰ˴֮һս߾Ȼûֹ


0433 ҹ
˴žۻᣬսݱɵ˿̵龰ͬûԤϵ
˭ַ㣬潭֮ϣһ֮Կ˴֮һĴԼʹĽͳ졣
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չĬ£漴Įĵͷãһɱ
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ʱַ㣬ĿĮڵͫɺޱ飬Ųһ磬峯ǰƮɱ֮Լ˵ģȽ
չӵд꣬ٶȿ졢ȸߣʵҲɱһЩַƻɱٶԸչ
ַЯɱɫһ䣬ɫѿַ㣬Ҫɱˡ
ŭ޴֮ͫ׶ַ㣬·ţ塢ֱۣĿġ
ɱ
һЯ֮ƣַɱȥһͷޱӴӰŭһɱַ㡣
ӵȻ˼ſһ⣬ַı󼲳۶ȥ쵽˼顣
ˣһǰһ󡢿ַӦ
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ţһ㶣ȴַĲӰϳӿ쵽˼飬·һһڿռиš
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ҲţͬʱԸˡ
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˿ڣؿ֮ղһַ֣ɱ֮ƿš
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ַƺ˼ʱ䣬Ӱ֣ǰۣȽϵɱҪ嶼ѹ壬߲
ŭһгıģɱ־вͣĶҡ־ڲϵıȥս֮ⶼ᲻ַɱŭڷй־֮ġη֮йͬʱ嵭ѹ޷Ϣɱ֮
ͬʱͣһɫ֮⣬ȴ·ӵԼڤ֮סչȥɣһϹ⣬ܹڤȼóȻײ²кõĺ

ַͫ飬ٶ³һ˫գɱ֮ն¡
¡¡Եĵֵȫݻ٣Ȼٴζһ٣ڲϵѪˡ
ַûȥŹɱ־죬Ųһ磬һɱ
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һ֮ڿռ䵱УȺĿһ
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һĮĺַУ漴ַ͸оһɿֲ⽫Լ֣漴ͼһ磬˲ǰֲһֱӳַնµɱ֮΢΢һ٣漴屾ˡ
侳أ
Ⱥͫһߵʵ侳أ⾳ԽַܳܵķΧƾɱ־ڤԿԽ󾳽Խս侳أ󾳽磬̫ˡ
ס֣𣿡ĮĶַȵ¶
ַ㿴ףֻоªޱȡ
ʲôƨžۻᣬ֣ʵ衣ַ㶢ߣ˵֪ˣұ㲻μۻˣҼģֻһȺ޳֮
˴˿̣ۻַԣѾûκεˣЩ˽ŪڹƼ䣬ûκεĹԣžۻ᣿
ȺַĻĿһͣͷпȷʵžۻᣬѾԭˣû塣
˵һΣ߶ַ㣬Ŀɭ䣬ɱ˸
˵һΣַһЦĮ³һ˵ˣ죬ϵ£ҶҪɱ˭Ҳ赲ң⹷ƨۻᣬҶûκ壬ڣҹ
ַڣɱ־죬³Ļͫ׶һַ㣬߹ֱҪˡ


0434 
Բ֮ҹ潭֮ϡ
˿̣ˣĿⶼǵӰȻյӰ
ɱ죬һŭΪգϵ¶ҪɱսͰ˴֮һĳչƣ˿̣˵棬Ű֮ڵ棬侳ؾǿߣ
ϣѩʥԺȺУܷͷаӰѾ֪̾Ϣ˶ٴΡ
ǵ֮˲ַ㣬ܷĽַ㵱ܵܿÿζ衢ַ㣬죬ݳּңǺεȵĽ
ַٹ⣬ݳּһóΪּĽһУһȥ
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¼ңҲһ˺ܷƵ뷨вϵ̾Ϣ
¼ҼɽзŵӰ¼ңֵһ˭档
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ͳչͣڤ֮ƮصַǰǣռһƬţûκε
ááܺáɱ˸˵ãɱȼա
ַϣɱ־ͬ죬ûη塢ֻб䣬˵ˣûܹ
ŭ˶ȥ
ַ㣬ħ̫־壬ᷴԼòбѪħƣΪɱ¾ߣ㲻̸Щֲĸãʹħ˽֪ԺرǿжҪڵħ
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˵Ӧδ㣿߶ַ㣬˵һַУַ㣬ѾǸˡ
츳ǿΣȻǵˣԽǿԽҪɱ
߻ô꣬Ȼһ츳ԽǿĵˣԽҪɱˣɱ
ţâʢҲ죬Ϊױƣ˼ɵͻ᲻һкɱˡ
ңַͫĮɱ־
ɱ
ʱ߱˵һɱַ㣬һҪɱַ㣬ɨأַѹơ裬֣߳Ѿˣַ㲻ɱĲġ
ĿһСĿ𳤣ɱ
ϣǵҲ³һҪɱַ㡣
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ӣһҪɱ
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츳Σûıܣһ˼ޣ䡣
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ҪɱҰɡַ³һǵͬʱ΢΢ǰϣͬһɺ䵽µϢͷš
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ãҳȫ㡣³һĮ嶯ˡ
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·˿ڰַ㣡
ַ֣Ŀ͸Ų֮ɫֻɫ˿˲Ϣͳ嵽ߵǰֻһ絶ǰɫ˿նѣͬʱߵܣʴո֣ŵ񷣬һʺ֮ţѤ
˭
ȺĿתϵȺڣһյؿֻصŮӰվǣǲɫ˿ǵŶ
ЩȺ룬һӰɫѩʥࡢֻǿӰͷ·ܹķ绪
ȻӰͷ֮ϣȴһңҵıԵǰɫɴɴ֮Уһ֡
˭
ȺĿȫڴ˵ϣղЩŮڵΧм䣬û˷Ȼ˿̣˶ǲʣȻףһֳһеʥĹԣмơ


0435 һ
þ޵Ůӣ
ȺڿŮӵĵһۣһƸпĿĶӰ޷ȥƺҪһǶɴ֮µգ뿴ɴһ
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ַҲ£Ůӣһۣоʶˣİڶۣȴом죬ʶ
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ɡ
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аʣȺͻȻֵ֮ˣһնСȴƽأǿһŮӣܲȺ֮ġ
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ͬһ£Դϴεõ֮Ѿˣ˿̼Щˣλ벻
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ɱ
Ů˵ϸ΢УȴһĨĮ֮
µ˲䣬ʱɫ˿ڿз裬˳
ͬʱŮ΢ˣֱվߵǰԼϡ£򣬷
һɿֲϢţ޾Ĳɫ˿ǵƮɶ˺ѿռ䣬ͬʱһɹλðԪۣÿһһŰɫԪи
𾪵ǣԪ·Ųɫ˿
ѣ
ɫѿŭһǿǰĲɫ˿˺ѵÿ˺һʴͻоһĨȵԪ¡
ϣ
ŮӣͬʱһͺȣյУɫ˿һҲǵԪҲӵһ顣
󷨣
ȺһλŮӣڽ󣬹Ԫ֮һֱӶԸߡ
ɱŭһٶȻ۵Ĳɫ˿һ˺ѣڿգϷҪƿնȥҲˣԷڽҸ
¡ֲϮϿϮȥ
Ȼ˲䣬һ֮ط·£յУһõİɫƸԪ·Ϊ͸Ĳƣߵϵʱ̣Ʒ練ء
һܿصƷ磬ɫӲѿ
Ԫ
һŮӵĵͺյеԪ֣Ⱥһ͡
λŮӵԪ֮󣬻һΣУĳ߲ȥ
ɫԽԽֻ棬ĸܵԪε֮ǿ
ǲȽѹԪƷڣֲԪза㡣
壡
˫һ廯һӰһֱֲӡԪ֮ϣԪαâţ졣
ɱ
һ֮ڿռ죬Ԫλ֮⣬һɿֲɱ֮ڿռӣЩԪ֮ȫߵɱȥ
͡͡
ֲɱ֮ӣĲҡţһԪֱӡϣĵֿ޷赲Ԫɱ
Ⱥȫһ侳ؾߣԪθס漴ɱ屻ԪʶͣĲš
һɫ˿Ʈߵεסߵֽͷ­ȫסһһʮΣգɫҰףѪ
䣡
ֻԴһоЩλãǰƿؾŹ󣬲һȻתۼ䣬ȴ󷨽ɱ񣬱յУܶ
ЩˣʵǿǣΪθɱߣ
ŮӿűߣĮĿڵãƵԣǶҪɱΪɱɱ
ŮһڣȺĿһ͡
֣Ȼַָ㡣
ŮӣΪַ
ӲѿɫҰֽûһѪɫ
ҽҪǵжǿҲΪΪŮɨһˣٶȿڣȻǲ˹򣬴ƹҲͲٽʲôˣνѩ¾ۻᣬѾûбҪˡ
˵꣬Ůӵ建תַ㣬ɴ֮ݣһĨˮᣬղŵĮȫʧˣȻ޴档
ˮУ˸ȴס
Ҫɱ㣬ڣɱɱɱк˵սУҿ˭Ҹ档
Ůָָߣ漴ָԼӣߣַɱͿɱʹԼս
˭ܸ棡
ŮӣðԵ˵棬һС


0436 ɱ
˭
ǿĺ棬ʲôˣ˵ĿһС
潭ϵȺ¼ҡҡšϵǿļ壬ÿκһƲ磬ˣصŮӣ֮ϣַɱɱɱ侳صߡ
潭ˮУǱŵˣˡ
һˣܲȺͷ𾪡
ӡ
ɽޱȸӣеӰŮʮǰѾѩµš
񣬼ˣȴ⵱׵ͬİ·
ѹַ㣬еˣбȨƣΨַûУԱ裬̲סˡ
ĿǸˡҲַ㣬ַҲȨơ˭¡
ŮӲһĻַĿǹİϤĸоԽԽǿҡ
ΪʲôҪԼǷ˼ֵˣ
˼ֵˣܾܿ˼ֵˣʮǰѩµһŮΪİ֮˺ͼַŮӡ
㣬ʶ𣿡
ַ㿴Ůˣ޷סеĺ棬ʵ
Ůͷһô᲻ʶַ㣬жˣ᲻ʶԼӡ
ɴסУˮĹâŮӿ϶ĵ˵ͷʶôܲʶ
Ƚ鶼ɣһһеġŮסͷĲַ˵ԼԼԵƽ
á
ַסеĺ棬˵ͷУв飬һʱҲ˵塣
ɱɱսļսù˼ʲô죬˭Ҹ㣬ɱ˭
ŮӵĿɨ¿յȺһۣһˮǳ˰Ե
˭Ҹ棬ɱ˭
ûôҪַ֪֪Ķӣû˸ӣû衣
áַصĵͷ·ȺҡǸûһ֮ſ񣬵ڣŮ˵ûһ˸Ҳ죬ȻЩˣ֪ܿŮ˭Ƕ˼ɡɵ˵
Ŀתַͳչϣɱ֮⣬ٶ͵˳
ϵ£ҪɱչǰԹգֱɵ͵Ϯַ㣬ҪҲ䡣
Ųһ磬ǰһΣҲҪй˼ɣҲκε͹˼ˣΨСɱ
ռХɱ֮ɱȥͫһ
Ŀ⽩ӲɫѿŮӣʲôˣҪΪַͷҽ߶ɱɱ
꣬ٶȸĿеļɵ֮⼫ǿңַȷʵղֵ߲ĻͺܿѾַɱˡ
ӣһ𡣡
һ۲Զĳչ˵
չĿ࣬˵ͷҲ棬ŮӣʲôˣȻ˵˵ˡ
ɱ
ַһɱ֮죬Ųһ磬˸ѣһĿ꣬ѡɱٶԸչ
𣡡
ŭǰһ磬һͷӰ·Ҫϳȥַɱ֮ײغ¡졣

ŭһչô᲻˼󣬴֮Ӱ֣ˣ·޴ſ˸գ˲Ϣַɱȥ
ȵӰĳȥͬʱַԪĻַۣУһڰ֮ڤֱ֣ӳųչ˦˳ȥ
־ļ֮Ӷڤ˲䱻ϹƣչˣַǽŲ̤һǰû赲ɱ
ɱ֮ԽԽǿԽԽңû

ŭһֲɱ֮·һٽ㣬նһУ¡¡첻ϴûܹסɱַ㲻ͻĵɱ
ǺɫĽɫԽԽѿǿˣַ㣬·ԽսԽǿˣɱ֮ͷ·Ҫضͱƣһǰ
ַ㣬һҪɱû赲ɱĶĶ͸ַɱϵ¶Ҫɱɱ
һҪַɱִɱ־־ڣ
꣡
ؼ·ʲôһɱ֮һնĿ˾֮ɫ
Ҫ
Ļҽͳ죬ȭ侳Ϊǿ󾳽磬Ҷ츳ߵģڣҪѩžۻϣַĨɱ
Լ˵ַʵиһĨԳƲˣϵ£Ҫɱ˿ַ̣ȷҪɱ
۾ǻĺɫɱ֮ն£漴еһжֹͣˣʧһУڡ
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ˡ
ȺеӰֻоڳ鴤ţһ䣬ַС
ַ飬ɱ֮־Ȼǰֲ
һɫĹ⻪ڵڤصߣȺоЩ˼飬ַ㣬кڰƺֻҪһͷͿԣʲôֶΣǿס
ǵȻַ֪ĲлѿֳһƲлַ꣬ѾֳƲл꣬Щںڰ֮ϵϹ⣬ַĲлУֻҪһͷͿԿƺڰ
ڣֵˡ
ַڤ֮Ŀ˵óչ΢΢Цӵд꣬ٶ죬ôɱң
ӵˣɲֻһˡ
ַ㵭³һ漴һŭ֮ڿռв죬ַ󣬲֮ף֡
꣬һꡣ
꣬˵Ŀ⣬ȫˣ


0437 
𡭡
֮ףŭХҲֹһͷǲ֮ףͷҡϣյУġ
꣬˫ꡣ
Ⱥͷ𾪣ַȻӵеƣʹ꣬ȴûʹꡣ
ңϢ꣬ƺ껹Ҫ¡
ȻҲϳȺǵȫͷ𺧡
ǡꡭ¼֮Ѫꡣ
ַ㣬Ȼӵ¼Ѫ꣬Ҳ˵ַ㣬¼ҵϵѪ
һ֣ԴЩ£ַ㣬¼ˣ
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ͻȻȺ·ʶʲôԣַݳǣӦ¼ҵˣңַ츳¼֮ˣɽַܵ裬ֲͳˡ
ȵȡʱ˵Դһһ뷨ԾȻԺ֮ϣǵ˵
¼ҡ¼ңӵ¼ѪҲһ¼ˣһҪ£һֿܣ¼Ůĺˡ
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ʮǰ¼һŮӣ츳ףҫ۵Ĵ֮һȻ¼֮ŮΪ飬ѣӴʧ١
Ůӣʮǰѩ¹һŮκɣΪźͼѵġ
վеӰַ㣬ʮˣңӵж¼ҵѪꡣ
һΣھŽ֮أɽƺַһѣȴס
һĻĻĸȺԺУȺ𾪵
յףѾȻҡ
ʮǰѩµһŮվ֮ϣһеŮˣǵӰȺлغϡ
κɣ
˽ĿͶ¼ҷ򣬿¼Ҽɽֻһۣʱ˶ˣٲ²ˣŮӣȻκɡ
ַ㣬ѩµһŮ֮ӣ˭˵ַûб
˭ҺʮǰѾѩµţʮĽ죬˭֪κжǿˡ
븡ԺУȺоþ޷ƽϢеַ㣬ҲԼԼɡ
Ͼַʮ˶ѣ֪֪ʮǰ֮£Ҫ˵Լ
ַ㲻ӳչôû˵Ѫ֮꣬ô뵽ַ㣬ݳСˣӵ¼Ѫ
Ҳ˵ˣ¼ҵˣҲַסˣǼꣿһͷ֮ף

ɽ³һ΢΢ϣ漴۽ǵУ¶һ˿ɬЦݡ
ΪΣҪץŪŮκɣ¼ʷ츳ǿ֮ˣԽ࣬ȴѣСͶ֪Լ¼ҵˣ꣬ӵͷ֮ף츳¼ңΨӵУ
ʲô
ʱȺĿͶͷ֮ͷ֮ϣڲ֮׵ĶˣһŰɫ֮ƺһŲ԰׵͸аϢһ
ǡ֮꣬꣡
ַ㣬ôӵ֮ꣿ
ԣѪ֮꣬ޣΪ꣬ɱ˵ꡣ
ôַ֮꣬һӵˣ
ȺĿֳŷֻʱɫĶеַ㣬͸һĨĨɭɱ
Ȼַ㣬ԭǾ꣬ѹʧˣǱַɱˣ궼ַˡ
뵽Լӱַɵ龰ɫԽ·޲ýַȥ
ʱַ㣬Ⱥ𾪻ɱĿ⣬ǶܲʱַУΨгչ
һսȴɳ֣վһվһôҾͳȫɱ֮ģҿӣǱ޳ֶ֮ܵ⣬ûֵýĵطʲôʸ񡣡
ַ㶢ųչɱ֮˫Լ꣬ҡҷ޴ɭͫ׶ųչĺóչо˿ͷǿ޶š
ڻ꣡
ַͺһ̼䣬еͷ꣬ںӴߣ뵽˾֮С
𡭡
ŭ֮ռһں֮꣬Ϣֲˡ
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նɣַŭһ֮оǣֵɱ֮ɴĿģټں꣬ʱַ˵ĸо졢սʤ
Ҳӳչܰɣ
һ뷨֮ǰ붼ģ˴ӵĴӳչַܸ㣿
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вչɫӲźֳɱַ֮㣬ܿ¡
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ַֻӽɱ֮նһУ໡֮˲䱻ڵɱ֮ʧӰ
ңڵɱ֮Ͳֹͣɳǰɱ
չſ˫Ȼǰһķ˺ХɱϢͬʱĴԶȥȻҺַһս

ַһɱ˷˷·뵽֮С
ͬʱַںϵ꣬ͷ֮ǰǲ֮֮ϣһɫ֮Ŷ졢쵽˼顣
Ϲ⣬ͷ·٣ٸ졢Ѹ͡
𣡡ͷ֮׺ݺݵ£ڿռ֮ϣһɿֲַϣȻø졢͡
ͣ
һϹ⾹׷˳չ漴ֱӽס
նչŭһлҪ񣬸ϹϹȴԽԽͷ֮ϣ³޾Ϲ⣬ǿǵٶȣľסչܿ죬޾Ϲ⽫չ嶼ᡣ


0438 ֮
ÿֲꡣ
ӵд꣬ٶȣǳչóģַں֮󣬲֮о³Ϲ⣬޾ҿ磬ַӰӾȻ˲Ϣͱ׷ˣϹᡣ
͡͡
µХЩסչĸţϹ⵱УһɿֲķڷĽš
ں̵ܶ˲䣬޾Ϲ⾹Ȼˡ
Ҳݵ˲䣬ַӰѾˣ޾ĺڰɱ֮ȡϹ⣬չƿͿɱ֮նɱ졢쵽ѾˣΨеֵ
Ȱ
չŭһԵԪĴ˫ޱȷɨնɱɱ֮
¡
ͣ͡
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չ
ڷ򣬳ռһеĳַͳչޱȡ
ٿ죬ҲַĽ졣
ַɱ죬ɱ֮һУŲһ磬ŭǿֲϮԪȫ˲֮ϣַûܵκ˺ɱ֮ٶնɱ
͡͡
ַĽɸһУѪٶȷɽһҽ֮лصӻѪĿ죬ԼԪ޷֧У峯¿ս䡣
ַ㻹Ҫӳɱ֮ʱ򣬳ӰˣϣЯſֲԪĳַɱȥ

ŭһȭ絶ַŵ£ڳͫ׵ȫɱ⡣
磡ַƺ͸ܲϮɱֻɱϢ΢磬Ʈ
ֲϢַԺɱ˲ַ㴦ƽУҪס֮ƶܡ
ɱ
ַ³һͺ֮Բ֮£һӰַӰ
ٿַı𣬺ͳͷ·İ·֮ˡ
ȻַԽ棬żµĳչȥʱһɻڳӣһС
ͷһԼؿλãֻһźڰֱ֮УɫĻ棬ؿȼգʱؿڣѾȼһա

һޱ־Ĳҽ֮в죬漴𺳵ȺͿ廯ɫĻ棬ȼǹɻĻ棬ֱӽŷȻȼ塣
ÿ¡
˵Ŀ⽩Ӳͷ͵ţ棬ַĺɫɱˣ
ڵһЩȫվˣŻ棬Ƕ˲䣬ͳ׵Ļҽɢռ֮УΨм
ˣôˡ
ңһжûнַڽڰ֮ӡڳ֮ɱ֮ɣ¿Խɱ֮¿գ䡣
ĺڰԲµӳ֮˵貣ɱ¾֮չͿҪӰݺݵĲ£дźȻ־塢šԼں޵ӵ
ȻеһжѾ޷أ˴֮һĳչҫۣ뵽̤ƺڣҪƺڽһ侳ϣΪߣһԨ
գ侳ϣС˿̣ɱһţʹɣ˴֮
ˣ
һ촫չ潭֮УһĨˮѪֻ潭֮ˮȾ˲䣬һ潭֮ˮߣԶȥ
ˣ游ӣһַĨɱ
ڵȺһ彩ӲˣˣչҲˣڣˡ
ң˶У˭ȥַ㱨棬ַ˲ɱˡ
ȺǰյӰλõĸо漣꣬ٶȴһ𺳣ҫ;
ַ֮㣬˴֮Уңٵ
챻ɱɱ汻ɱа˴ӵĳչҲַɱûκַֹܹ˴ˡ
ѩʥԺ򣬶Ŀ⽩ӲǵĶյַ㣬ⶼûûɱַ㡣
ңһȻĶӡ
ѩӵɫͬÿʦܱԭɱַ㣬ڣѾ᲻뷨ˣɱַ㣿ʣսᱻַɱ
ѩԣܷʱ֮У޾ʧ֮⡣
ˣչΨһҲˡ
ҿ˵չһɵģΪչʶַ㡢ַȻҲһֱҪɱַ㣬Ӷн䡣
Ϊּ߽⣬һȴ壬ΪڣҲˣ׵׵ˡ
ӱɱڶԺܶ˶Ѿû̫вֲܿͻɢͬʱһЩȡ̲֮
ַ㵹ûôӵ뷨ֻ֪Ҫˣɱ
һַտ粽ٶǱɫ˿ǰ
ʱɫ԰ףϢ鸡ûһѪɫĿдĺ֮⡣
ö˶˵ʲô£ŭʮǰѾѩµŮˣף˭ҲȲˣеҲȲˣͲȥ
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һˡҲ˸ˣ˭ú
ֻǺԼû뵽ַ㣬Ķӣһж컯Ūˡ
ַߵǰĿ䣬ɱ
ûдΪңԸңַ㣬ֻܡʤУкο˵
ַ㿴ߣĮʵҵ飬Ҳˡ


0439 
ַĮĻһԣкλ˵
ַ˵ڣַС
ԸκŹ𣿡ߵַ㣬ʵ
ܡַûκεԥֱҡͷ񶨡
ǿԣңôŪôŪҪڣǿΪһ𣿡
ַĻȺһ̾ûղζַģھŹУַҲ飬벻ԼڵĴ
ӻþгַһսռƵʱܣַҪɱ֮ʱȴͻȻ֣ԼչϮַ㣬ȻҪַ㣬ҪַھתַǿƿܷŹ˭ַ㣬ܡ
̾Ϣһ͸żֻں֮⣬һУѲء
ֻԼ̫ΪǣһţûзУϧ־˿Ц̾Ϣһ۾ıϣ³һʹɡ
ãҳȫ㡣
ַ΢΢ͷƾһŻȼգһƻ֮Ϣ
һַеĻӡߵţʱһɿֲĻ֮ţݻߵ壬ܿ죬΢΢鴤£漴ԴᣬҲᶯˣ壬ڻ浱ȼš
侳ؾǿߣңǻʳˡ
Ⱥһпǵڼλǿˣ졢չԼߣȫַɱ
潫ߵٻ٣ɫ˿ͬʱջأһö޹ĴʯյУַ΢
һУַ㽫ʯУ漴
侳صǿߣټϻǿߵݣӦЩҵװɡ
ЩַĿתŮӵϣ͸һĨɻ֮⣬ɲףԷΪҪϤĸо
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ַʻŮ΢Ĳ¡
վ֮ϣһУԻּ䣬ȡȴ޷ַǰƽַһ촽΢΢Ҫڣȴֲ֪οڡ
ѵҪַ㣬ĸףǣʮ꣬ȴûȥһۡ
ַ㣬ڵȴŮӵĴ𰸣ԷȴһĬ
һ̾Ϣ֮潭ϴżֲɣ̾Ϣ
ֺ֮ޣ˵ʲôϵ
̾Ϣ֮ºһɣִһ˿ǿĮַ壬ݺݵһ
ֺ֮ޣ
ַУһǿҵķâɨһ˵֮ˣȻǣ¼Ҽɽ
ô£ַֻоԺЩңղŲ²ŮӦ˼ֵˣϴζҶ߹˼ֵˣ¼ǧ츳ףͬʱѩµһŮȴ¼ҾѣҲ˵ǰŮӣܾܿɽŮ
ַе֮ɫκɻĵ˵ͷַͷϣȡ£漴ӳڶ֮ϵɴҲ¶Ůӵʵա
Ҷü˫ˮУ˿˿ˮ֮󣬴޾飬Ȼͫ׵Уַ·޾Ĳɣ˼
ŮӡȺȡ¶ɴŮӣͷȻһŮӿ䣬˻գ˵ȱһŮʶֵ쾡¡
κɣ㻹һû䡣
һ¼Ҽɽգ¶ݵŮӣг޵ĸп
κɿɽĿܸӣǵ꣬ĸ׿վһߣֺ֮ͬ£Ժܶ¾Ͳᷢ
ˣͷˡ
κɵ˵˫УǺθ顣
ǵģѾˣҲ͹ڻʹˣңɲϺһס
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ף໹֪κݵݺݵһ
ɽ˵صŮӣϺһףŮӣɽŮ
κɣʮǰѩµһŮ
˵֮ͷݺݵսţԭŮӣʮǰѾѩµĵһŮŮ
ǵĶԻַ㣬ƺκ֮ӣôַ㣬ɽ
꣬¼ҵѪ꣬ѹˣеһУƺȻʣȫˡ
ԭַ㣬ӵ¼ҵϵѪ¼Ҽɽ
ףκüͷһ壬мĮ֮⣬Ϊ㾡һ׵𣿡
κɵУ͸żԹޡ֣ɽɫһ͡
һУһΪ㣬Ϊ¼ҡɽ˵ƺҲΪκɵĻԵмּɽ
ȻΪǶԵģɼ뷨Ϊ¼ңΪҡ
κ¶һ˿̵ЦݣĮĵȻˣ㻹վǰʲô
ɽ⻰ӲɽΪԼǶˣκɣʼԼļ֣һԸ˭ҲΪԼ蹵بǸŮ֮䣬Խ
ַվһԣþ޷ƽһֱţԴҲҵת
˶ҶǸ£ʮǰĴ䶯ѩµš
ˣϲѩµһŮѡŮѡţҵλɱκԼţűӡʳǡ
ҡӡ
ַģݺݵ£ͻȻֺüĴһŵĺڰӡ֮š
ʮǰţӡţĸףֺ࣬˵ģַû뵽ʮǰһУĸףĸף


0440 
ǰŮӣַλõĸо⿴˶ٵľ֮ˣȻĸס
ѩµһŮţ˵
ʮĽ죬κɶ˷ɣʮǰˡ
ɽ̾Ϣһκɣһԣ漴ֿ˿ַ㣬Ҫ˵ʲôȴֲ֪˵ʲôڣ΢һ·ȥص¼ҵȺС
κûٿĸףĿַϣ촽˶С㣬ʮ꣬ˡ
ַ죬Ȼֱϣ˵Խ䣬ǰַڣ˺Ϊһ壬ֱ˴ˣַ㡢ַ
ǣǰַļվ޷ĨȥģȻǰκкǿҵ֮УȴǸомֹ죬⿴ŮͤͤŮˣȻĸס
Ц£ַĬƬ̣ǰַ㣬Ѿˣкαػִ
ַ㣬磬Ҳֻһַ㣬ΪԼΪԼ˶ѪȾ̽£Ƶַ㡣
ĸס
ַЦˣЦŸĲãݵĵ·õľ͸򣬸˼֣ǳ׵׵ַ㡣
ô򵥵֣֣κȴż¹ϣӳԼˮ˫
˫Уŵεᣬ֣ʮꡣ
û֪ʮжô׶ַ㺰һĸףڣԸԳ
ַһĸףеί嵭ЩΪַĬĬһУֵõġ
΢΢ǰκ˫ַַϣĸַգĶӣ츳˿ѷɫ
ַ㣬̽Уеο
Ҿ˵ҵĶӣôܻǷκЦ£ַԴЦãȻʮһֱĬĬĹעַ㣬Ҳַ֪ΪƾԼŬַһߵ˽졣
Ϊַǿʵ츳Ҳڻغַϡ
ûʵûлȨַǸԸַͨˣƽƽĶȹһ䲻ܺңٰĻһӡ
Ҳһֱֺ뷨˵ֺ֮Լ
ֺҲûǿȹַʲôһͨˣַ츳ţֺı˳ԣѡ뿪ַԼȥƴȥкγɾַͣԼ
ַ㣬˻ʳǣƾ츳Լļ£ܿ𾪻ʳǣڻʳӵ˲С
ʱκԼֺʶַ㣬ƺ̤һһ·ˡ
ַ·ΪĸǶֻĬĬ֧ţֱգκɣòվˡ
ܶˣΪַ㣬ûûб衢ѹǶҪɱַ㡣
κЩԸԳڣվˣַ֮ӣ˭Ժ󻹸ַ㣬ַûǿ
뵽⣬κɵһɨµȺĿ⺮ޱȣ³һ
ղŲкܶˣ˵Ҷַ˭ҪҶַģվ˵
κɵ³ʱȺĿһ͡
ղţҡ¼ҡˡˡϼ֮Լѩɽׯĵˣһ˵ҪַڣκǺĿ⣬Ƕоһû˵
ˣ˵Ϊû֪ʮǰѾѩµţڻжֲΪ
ҲκɣѾԽ¼֮ɽ
ǰԶ츳ǿĺԽġ
ռһĬκɵǸһ˿ЦȵһȺȴ˵˵Ժ˸ҰݺҶκɣɱ֮
£һɿֲɱϮɱؼһֲѹѹ˴
ÿµѹ
ȺɫӲЩַг޵ˣκɣ̫ǿˣһѹԽ壬ǣκɵʵжǿ
Ⱥ֪κɣʵ൱ڵˣ顣
У˭Ҳϣκʲô£¼ңǻֵģΪκɶ֡
ߡ
κĺһֵνžۻᣬѾûκε壬󲿷ˣڱɵˣûԭҿԺҲýȥˣú󣬵۹ҲͻˣʱǶԼ۹⣬ǣΪ֮
˵꣬κɾͿַ㣬С㣬žۻᣬѾûκ壬߰ɡ
á
ַ˵ͷ漴κһַһߡ
κɴ飬кЦ·ȺȴоһĿѣ
κɣʮǰѩµһŮͬöǣ飬ַŮˣʥ߹ƮȻɣվһΧؼеķʧȥɫʡ
λͬʱľ֮ˣȴûа޵ĸо飬ַŮˣҲκɵĶϱκôܺ
ַ㿴κɴ飬ֽ֮⣬Ƿǰſϱɡ
ַ㣬飬ĳһƽ֮⣬κ˫۾Ŀ˸Դ΢΢£ƺм֮⡣
κɡ飬жһ֣
κɿЦЦҵĶӣ۹⡣
ַ£κɴ죬ܳô֣һЦ
Դɵţȷʵһ˿ǳЦκַĸףϿɣȻǳҪ


0441 ̫
Բ֮潭֮ϣ˿˿׹潭֮ˮɻţ׵Ĺ·ˮҡҷ
ʱ潭֮ϣѾûӰڸղţκԼַǣһ뿪ˡ
ߺ潭Եþĵģû˵ɻδ𺳡
ַǵģĳˣһʼûκ˿ãɱ죬ͷɱ־ɱ֮նɱһУڤУ˽¡汻ٻ١Ҳһ˺ѡ
һǿַ䣬ַɴЩ漣ǿܸǿ·ԶӵԼĵơ
ͬȺ𾪵Ļκɵĳ֣¼Ҽ֮ŮʮǰѩµһŮԼʮǰѩĴ֮һһͷΣģκɣӵС
ʧʮȻ³ѩ£ȺߵУΪĶӣַ㡣
ʮ꣬ͬľɾޡ츳ףκԼַ㣬ĸӡ
ַڣҲ¼ҵѪҺӵ¼ҵϵӵеѪ꣬˫
һѩµžۻᣬֳַ̨
Ĭվ潭ϣ˵ĿͶ潭֮Уˮ֮ϵľͷмΣˣԵ֮ʱ˵仰ûзκε·Ͳڰ㣬κɵɱߣҲûпڡ
ڣȺ֪ŵӰǺˣǷѩ¾
΢潭Ϸʹż֮¹ϣƺмֺ⣬žÿռԵú䡣
ˣɢ˰ɡ
ڣһдƽȴ·żֲ֮⡣
ɢˣ
˾ôɢˣҲ˵˴ξۻᣬ˽û塣
˰̾һʶһ˴֮ĶԾǲˣȻ˴ʳǹ۴žۻᣬҲǲˣ٣ǿһδİ˴ɱ¡
ַ֮㣬ؽ˴С
һŭֻ֮¡һ죬潭֮йˮɽ𣬾ͷǱˮ֮ޣ˲Ϣ֮С
ͷȺͷһ󰵲˳У֪ʵݵǺˡ
ˣӦѩµľɣ
ʱ潭ϣϼڵȺһ૵һ²˵
ҿųŶԣַκɱ£Ҳо
Եһ̳˵
ʦ֣С㣬Ҫǡղһݲȷ衣
˵ʵʲô㱻ʦҲ
ٴοڣżȻʦ˴ƨ
ˣ졣˴һ
ʦ˵ʵվ˵һ仰ңֻһֱεУųʲô
Ȼ˼֣ʱΧ˶ĻˣɵýĿͶ
˴üȻڴʱһŭ֮յУһޱȿֲİԵ֮ţ޾ѹ¿ѹȶȥ˵ɫ΢΢һ䣬ÿµѹ
˴ɫ䣬ѹÿ£Ե𡢿ޱߣ˿֮̽ˣﻹиղŵĳĬΨŭŵ
á˴Χϼ֮Ҳɫ䣬Ǹղ˵ĵӣɫ˲ҰףûаѪɫ޾ѹͺһֲޱȡ
͡͡
һ΢·ռ䶼Ҫ˺ѣ֮У֮ԽԽѿһ΢˺촫ֻյǶα˺ѳɷ顣
漴Ⱥ㿴һ£ͷ¿գÿһ·Ʈգòޱϣ˵ϣֻаԵϢ֮˳߲
㡣˴һﻹܶ㣬ѹ֮£ƶûУֱһƨ˵ϣȫǺˮǸղųˣɫף·һͣĳ鴤š
Ե޼Ĺ˲Ϣ٣͵˺촫ѪķɽΧȺϣǳˣֱӱ˺ѵ˺ѣְ˿飬Ѫޱȡ
ΧҲֲܵನҽ֮ܲסѹԼ֮ƣѶ
ϼڵˣ˲˴룬˴ٶȿЩ˸һԵ֮С
˶ǵޱȰԵӰĿ⽩Ӳÿ£ˣ̫£һ۾Ŀⶼ·Ҫˣ̫
ֻԵӰŻɫӣ͸߰Ե֮⣬ޱȵ˵ѾҪֻҪһվ˾ܹо֮·ֻݵûˡ
üӰɱ˺ת壬̤գŹ˴
ͽϣɱ
£ޱȿֲɱ֮ڹ˴ϣɫ󺧡
ôᣬôֲܿȳ̶ȣֵĶûС
һսҪսذɣģΨлš
Ԫת˴˸ˣܷϼȻǰԵӴ˿̶ˣ֮ʱ·ռ䶼ִҵĸо쵽·뵽˿ռ䵱УΨһɿޱߵĿռڷӿ
ɱɱɱ
ֲù˴ȻһҪ㣬ô㣬ԷǰһǵӰѾԺС
ûˣܹ𺳵ĸо·ӡԴ
͡͡
ѪзɽȺޱȵĿע£ϼ˴屻˺ѣˣϼڣ
ΪһĻϼڴӴʧ磬ԵЩЦȴʵʵڵķš
ȺĿע£ǰԵޱߵӰ֮ϣޱȰԵ
ʮǰ˵£ʮǰ֣һΣӽѩ£ҵģΨҶ𣡡
˵գŭ𣬱ڶȥȺģȻţȫһ֡
̫ӡ޵


0442 ؾ
ղŻεвһԵˣ˿ȴƵգޱȰԵ˭
Ƕ޵ʹеһ޵˳߲ΨҶ
ŭ𣬹ȥ޵ӰʧȺȴƽ
ַȺж޵Ե޵ˣĴ̼˵ģϼڣôҲǴţѩǿһɣȻһĻȫӡ֤Ǿ仰ʵ㹻ǿʱκνšõģǿʵֱӻɱ
ǰ˴֮ףѵ紫еߴӼһ޵а뵽޵̫ǿˣ֮ǶǺǿ츳ֲڶ޵ǰ͸ֵһᡣ
ʵˡȥӰ૵Ϊѩ¹˴ӵڶһֱĿǳԽ޵շ֣ƺͶ޵֮Ĳ࣬ˣ޵ڿֲɱ䡢ϱǿ

˼һأԷŴȻĺгС
ԷŲٷǳµС䣬ɢķֲֵУסУֶɳɳ
κɡַ㡢Լ飬ʱ֮䣬˶Ȼȥˡ
ĸףʮ꣬һֱס𣿡ַ㿴κһۣݶҶ˵ʮʧһֱδټκɣס˼ֵУֻƬĽأ̤㣬ôκʮ֮á
棬̤ȥκĵͷַ¶һƸп֮⣬طʮһֱһطûˣδҲ̫ˣַ
ַ㣬Լ׷ǿ֮·׷ĸ߾磬гһգأη塣
С㣬ʮȤ𣿡κɿַһۣдº֮ɫ
ַ΢΢˵ͷȷʵΪ
˽Ƭ˼ֺ󣬾ͲôΪˡκһЦַ¶ɻ֮ɫĪǣƬ˼֣ʲô֮
֮ǰȴȥһطκҲʲôֿ˵
˵ĽŲĲݵ̤ţ
ַߵУһſŹϵĲ֦ɴ׳ǣֶһ֮ܽƱס
ЩǼĹ˿˿ɣϵϢ
˼ַ˵ǰһŸƣֱʮ׵Ŀֲϴһ֦ȥķ֦Ҫĸ׳
ǧ꼶ˡ
ַĿ΢ǣҷֲ֮أȻһܰľݣûаݻ֮⡣
˳ľԼ¿һӰһʯ֮ϣгһ̵ڿ֦аĵʲôԱߣڷһľʵļҾߣӰڵżҾߡ
ӰɲǣַͫȻһ漴üͷչ¶һĨĵЦ⡣
ᣬַ̤Ųݵ֮ϣûзһ죬ǵӰȥ
ַ󣬲ʱκȴֱס£Ŀ⿴κɡ
κɶ¶һƣдǳЦ漴ĵ˵ͷŲû߶ֻԶַ㰲ߵӰı
ַûз죬΢΢ӣֻӰصſ̵ƽȣǼҾߵÿһ·̵ޱûаңһֻȻ֮С
ַ㿴Ƭ̣ԽԽЩľ׼ȶµ֡
ַ֣Ӱ̵δаı仯̳·ǳȫһǷľмޱȾȣÿһ·׼ϸ΢
ȻʱؽԿ
ַи̾һʱӰγһľ統Уƽһģľɱ䣬̶ܼȵĸͻƣʵףˮɡ
һʿ£ľм裬ӰеĿ̵£ЦŵС㣬۸ϵˣ½𡣡
˵֮ʱ˵Ŀ⻺תַϣɣкһĨǳЦ
ףľǰ˲Ŷԣôܻ½ַ¶һ˿ЦݣԭӰݳֺּ֮
Һĸһֱڹעҡ
ַаһʱƺм˿ǰȷȻڣַȴܹ϶Ȼĸˡ
վֺ֣ѾԼһߵַ㣬¶һĨοЦݡ
û뵽ֺĶӣȻôڣǰҴˡ
ֺ˵͸żֽΪԼĶӶһҪַΪͨˣƽƽĹһһҲֺ׹ַעܻһͨˣУַƽӹǸͨˣҲܹƽƽĹһЩ㳤ݲƽӹ
ƽӹΨгͷأַˣһǰʵǣߵһֺû뵽ģϾʮ֮ǰַ㣬̫ͨˡ
ַҡҡͷ漴ףݳּǱߡ
Ҷ֪ˣû˲ǣѵǻҪƨɲɣֻģӦֻС㣬Ѿˣֻǿϧүүһǻϣ֪һصݳʱѾӡΪͲּҼ
ֺ̾ϢһԸ񱾾͸ңְԵֺȻԼλַ㣬ֺֺȻŭɱһλϣʲôֺ֮֮ڵּҼ֮ʱšּ֮ʱ¶ΪκԼΪӡ֮¡
ǻʳǵˣ֪ʮǰĴŵУһԸ°ƣֺѩ»ʳǶˣɼݳһֱѹԼ


0443 ȿռ
ˣǾͲҪ̸ȥˣǾͶǰɡ
κԼԶ߹˵̸κҡͷЦ
ֺκЦ£ã˵ּҵˣȻˣּҳΪȥɣֻҪСúõģּҾϣּҵѪһֱ̳ȥ
ˡκɰֺһֺۣһ㶣漴ҡͷЦ
κɺֺеĻЦַҲЦˣˣܼ򵥡ȴܰ
ףʳĸףһֱôҡַֺɻʵ
С㣬֪㸸׵ô뿪ʳǵ𣿡ֺͻȻһַĿ΢£漴λ
ûʮǰĸ׸պý£ȴ˻ʷӡΪҪЮ뿪ʳǣ̤ʳǰ벽ʱ֪жô裬޲һ֮Ϊ㣬Ҳò£صݳǣҲȷʳǣ仯Ҹı뷨һûصŵԣ̤ʳĸס
ֺĿ˵˼ֵϢǼ⣬һ֪Ƕ˻ʵ֪ػػʳǣҪ׷ɱң£θ㣬򲻵ѣĸ׶֣
ַֺĳĬˣԭˣԭĸκȥðΣյģʳǣȻҪ͵͵¶档
˻ʣĴǿ𣿡
ַһ⣬˻ʣðԵ֣Ȼȡ֮ʡ
ԣ˻ʣһۣѩƿ֮ˡֺͬĮǶ˻ʣ޷룬κɣ뿪ʳǰ벽ֺ̤ʳһ˻ʾͻ׷ɱǡ
ѩƿ֮ˡַ૵øĸʮδøֺʳǶҪ͵͵Ҽ⡣
С㣬㲻̫࣬Ҳ˻ʶѾѩˣ츳ΪȻҪ׷ߵľ磬ڴССѩ£Ŀѩѩ֮⣬޼ʵľ½
κɲһַ΢΢ͷûûе֮£ĸ츳ֲҲ뿪ѩ£̨ȥ
Ȼ˻δ¶棬ַ㻹ҪСһˡκһ
˭
̫ӣ޵κż࣬˵̫Ӷ޵źͶ˻һѪͬǶ˻ʵĵմӣ˻ʣ޵ΪԼĽӰˣңİ˴֮ףͺ͵Ķ˻һ츳ֲ¡
޵
ַһ̫Ӷ޵޵˳߲ȡ޵ǺͶ˻ʺһſԵ
һСġַ˵ͷ
κɼַͷЦŵĵС㣬Ҳ̫ѹʮ꣬ȴܹɱ侳ǿߣ㣬ѾԽͬʱڵԼĸף츳ڰ˴֮г޵⣬˶ҪǿԽ֮£Ŀֻ꣬Ӧǰ˴֮ס
˴֮ôַ̧ͷԶȥҲĿڸԶ
Ҳ츳㡢ҲûǿΨпøԶϸԼŬȥʵԼԶΣᶨƵĳԶʵǣһգȥԼѾڲ֪гԽԼǰҪӵ
˴֮һĴӣʹվһû˻Ϊַʸӱȣڴӵǰ΢СȻַ㣬ûнԼĿֻ꣬Լڱǿ·;еһ·ʯڣҲ˽·ʯ顣
̫Ӷ޵Ŀ⣬ҲԲܾѩ¡
ַǶ޵Ŀֻѩ£ǰĶɥʧһѱ޵˦޵Ψ׷ǿĿ꣬ܲϱøǿ
С㣬ҴȥһطκͻȻмص˵ַ¶ɻɫȥһط
˼֣Īʲô֮زɡ
ֺȥַֺֻҲЦ⣬ɵøɻˡ
áź֮⣬ַ˵ͷ
κǰ·ڴ̶ïܵţַں氲ĸţǧңǵǰֳǧһֹһš
ĿŲգԲ֮صĿռȫռˣĿŹ֦ѾһĿŹм䣬һѨ״Ŀռ䣬ⶴѨһۿߣ
λõĽŲֱӳǶѨȥַ¡
С㣬ǡκɻͷַһЦֺһ붴ѨУ˼ַ𾪵Ŀע£κɺֺˣʧˣôƾʧ
ǣ
ַһù죬ˣۿʧǰһƲûС
þ
һַͻȻ뵽󷨣Ψ󷨣ܹ֮컯
ͽϣ֮ΧУɾ͸󷨣󡢻ɱ
飬Ҳȥ
ַ֣ĳǹڶɵĶѨȥտвûʲôһַԽ岽ֻ֮о˸£ΧһȫˣǰģһƬռ䣬ȿռ䡣
졢ơɳĮ̫֮·Ҫ͸Ʋ㣬
ôᡢôܣ
ַĺݺݵ£˵ԱߵҲˡ
ǰãã޼ʵĻɳ֮أԼԶĴ䣬Ǹоһλãʲôþռ䣬⣬һ磡
ǣ
лַָ㽫ĿͶκԼֺǰһж̫ˣķ롣
С㣬ĸ׸մʱұ㻹Ҫ𾪡ַֺһЦ˵ûһƬռ䣬ʵ磬ȿռ䡣


0444 ַ
ȿռ䣡
ַͷһң⻹һƬʵ磬ǻþĿռ䡣
ĬƬַ̣̾Ϣһ̫֮࣬ǰַģͱԽ½
½ߵ磬ַ֪֮жôǿνɽַ㲻ȥɣ̶ֳܵȣ֪ǿ߸ڵܴġ
Ƭռˣһ𣿡
ַͻȻһ
ֺ˵ͷһ𣬶һƬռ䣬ͬǾ½ֻǾ½һطҲطѩ¹ԶԶƬþһ͵á
ѵǴͷ󣿡
ַĿһǰҲһЩС˵ӰУбдͷһ˵
㻹֪ͷ󣡡ֺһâȵĿַ㣬ͷǶԣ̫ңԶֻڴԵУٱἰҲǿһЩżأַ㣬Ȼ֪ͷһ˵
дͷ󣡡ַһֺĻ½ӵдͷˡ
żмأͷڽȥһصռʱ򣬻һѣ֮У̤ƬþѾвٴΣƽûһо͹żмصĴͷƺ̫һҲǲǴͷҲ˵
ֺٴο˵ַһĬǴͷƬþܹһƬռ䣬ʲô
ַͻȻͷȥӳģããɳĮʲôûУһĻַͷһף⡭λȥ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪվ֮ʱվĵط۾ȥܣͿԻȥˡֵֺ˵Ǵͷ󣬹żмصĴͷ˫ͷ͵ͷһ˵˫ͷռͷһ󣬿شͣͷ󣬹ȥˣزƬռ䣬ͨþȴֻҪȥܾܹȥ
ù졣ַ벻ףʵףûеƬռ߶ȥһʲôطǷ֪ѩ򡣡
Ȼ޵һҲһԸȴͬƫִͨƬããɳĮһУĺĺɳǿһͳ죬ǳط˶ֻڳлԼƬɳĮطǳΪ֮أκ˳һ
֮أԼĻ֮صģַʵ
֪ҲԼûȥַҡͷƬռӵеִѾ֮ܳΪƫִ˵һ㣬ǣĵΪǻĵطû˸Խ׳һҲû˻̤ĺռԺȫҲû˵ʲôѩֻ֪ҲǾ½
ʲôطַһƫִ
û˸Խ׳һ̤ĺǵȻҲֺܻȥط
С㣬ȥʲôطˣҷѾʮ꣬ڶûŪ﾿Ǿ½ĸ䣬ûȥܣֻǽﵱһ֮أ֮ء
κǰһЦַ˵
С㣬㿴
κɵָԶһӰ˸
С㣬ٿǱߡκɵָһطַת֮ʱֿͬһӰԾǡ
ʮҿûаװ׶ȹЩŮӣˣҽ˼֣ʮȥˣƾԼŬǴ˶ܶһ棬кܶˣΪͶ侳֮ϣٸ󷨣ɱǿ
ʱյѩ¹һŮУûеͣ͸ŷĮ֮⣬ʮǰΪʵˣûǿΪԼŵֺ޷룬ʮ޷ԼɷͶһۡ
κɣñݣδѣŮ̵ԼΪԼҲΪĶַ㡣
ַˣκۼԼĶַ㣬Ҳ԰Ľƽַˡ
ĻַӵԼΪͷûԼܵѹ
ͱǰţһȺǿѹȹȥҪɱַ㡣
ʱַͽеҪַ֣Щŵˣһ
ַ˵ͷЩŮӵʵַʶһ˼֣ǽүΪϵ
һڲǰλŮӣȫ侳ǿߣɱ󣬽侳ؾס˲ϵΪַɱʵֲܿҪǿܶࡣ
С㣬ԺǣҶȫ㣬ǳΪĻѩ¡
κֿڣַĿһ͡
ңǡ
ҵʵҪ𣿡κɽַĴҽΪǿߣΪ㣬ȵһòǵʱ򣬾ͷɣȥ׷Լ
ַκɵĻĬˣûκɵʵȷҪǡ
ǣΪַ㣡
ǣַ㣬ӵһԼ
ãƻǸҪʼˡ
ַ૵һ漴˵ͷĸף⣬ˡ


0445 
ǰšѩʥԺԼѩɽׯĴ֣ƺڸ
ƺλԼϹ裬Ϊַȫս׳ѪϿ̨Ⱦ죬ȵַһ̤ʵ޾ʬԼѪĲ
ʱƺʯַ㱳һΣƺڣУ
ƺȫΪַַʵǿ壬յѪַһֱǵãǵ
ֻģҪֻʱѡ
Ϊ侳أƾǿͨɱ侳֮׾٣Ը侳صǿҲû⡣
ټµǹǿţκЩһƺڣֹâʱˡ
ЩȾѪ֮ˣһѣóվҪ
̧ͷַ㿴һϿգ·𿴵˿۾͵ЦݣϹ費ЦףЩ飬ע޷Ժĥģַ㻹ֻһ侳СӣԼϣԸΪ׳ԼԿصӰ꣬Ҫ߾Կ뿪ûУ򱣻ַս
ϣϧһУַɽʯУԼͷһĻһĻ·Ժӳ
ǣ
гһ֣֮ϣǵӰַ֣Į
ǣַɱ֮ˣˡ
ѩʥԺͲӦô䡣
κַԸҲ¶һ˿Цݣѩ£Ҫַ˲ַжһҲһݱϣֻҪЩ˲ַ֣Ͳʲô¡
С㣬ʮˣʮˣͨϣ󷨣ֿľ飬󷨻߾󷨣Уľϣһ󣬲󣬾Źۺϣһǿս
κɶַܵЩԺͶַַȻ֪ǵʵΡ
ַЩľʮˣȫͨʮ˲һĻɱ϶ֹǳɱˡ
ҵѡ󷨣һΪ󷨣ܹ֮ʱʵΪǱǣ޹ңӣ໥䶼ãǳʺ
κЦ˵С㣬ڿȥһ¡
áַ˵ͷ漴̧Ųĳһɳ֮ؿȥӰڵϣΧƳȦգ϶һصĹâ
ɳĮشûһַĽŲˣھ˻ʣʮ֮ʱַһֻſ£ʱĸоһķ̲ס˸
޷ɳĮȴͻȻһ֮磬Ǽ֡
ַĽŲûͣǰʱԽԽʢķ紵ϣΧĻɳȻ𣬳֮״ϵڿգ·һС͵쫷硣
һɱ⣬ӶϮַ㡣
ַĽŲһɱ⣬ô⣬ɱ⣬ǽ
䣡
񱩵ɳЩС͵쫷۵һ𣬾ֲ쫷磬ַΧƷ裬ַٿΨ⽫Χסһſֲ쫷硣
ɱ󣡡
ַһĿȻͬģһɿֲɱ֮Ŷûκεأɱֱ֮Χһжɱ֮ŭХ
ɱֹɱΪ
ֲɱ֮Щ쫷綼·ʧȥǵɷûôǿˣƺַɱ֮ѹơ
ڴʱɱ糱ˮȥ硢ҲԽԽϸ΢ܿ죬쫷綼ʧΧһжָƽ
ɳĮǣӰԭأ·ûжֺ
үɱ֮ǿĴɱֻþеɱҪǿҺܶ࣬һսǽȥǱȻҪܵġ
ʱеһλŮ۾˵ࡣ
磬ͲҪˣҪսղͷŵʵذɡ
κЦ߹ַһ˵
ַмֲ֮κЦֵСţղ֮磬ɱտʼǴ˺Уɱ쫷һղͷŵʵԶԶ
ַ¶˼ɫɱһղŵʵȷ磬ǣô
ȻȫֺʤĻ㡣
κֲһַԼ˵ʵһ˽⣬ҪȫΪֻսʤŶӣ⻹ʮˣɼκǿ
ʮκɶȻ˼ųɾǿɡ
ĸףҲȫԡַǹһĨȣЦţκĿһͣ漴ã磬үǾȫӦôɡ
סκһЦܿ죬ǹɿֲɱٶȸ֣ɳַΧ󷨵С
Сһ̫˵㣬Լʵ̫ţҲҪĥһ£ܵҲá
κɵЦ
ַ㣬ʤʱκߵ˵˾䣬κĿ΢ôС㣿
ʤԼ˵ԣһʤ
ŷģκҡͷЦ飬̫ˡ
Ȼַ㣬κʵҲǿĵġ
ۡۡۡ
κɵЦɹϣ۵촫쫷ͻȻֹסֻӰ׷˳ȥ
һĻκϵЦݽӲ漴ͿַӰٶȳǰƽվǣ·ʲô¶ûһ
ҶԶӵ˽⣬㡣
κɿЦĿһַۣʤˣʤ˵Ŀ죬ֻƬ̹ͽƿ
תκЦַ㣬ʵҲ
ַͷϣݳǱչ֮ʱҲйһʱյо֮沢ӣ׾Ϳơ


0446 㵴ɽ
㵴ɽλݳ֮أɽУŲٵɽ֮䡣
㵴ɽ֮ϣһ嫵й壬㵴ɽԲκԣΪأû˸̤һ
Ϊ㵴ɽ壬סһλƢǺܺõߣýһŭɱɽѣɽܹɱɷĩ֮塣
ң˻λӣһһŮ˵ʵͬСɣκһ˶ΧĴСǿ
ڴʱ㵴ɽ棬һɿֲɱӶһǳܱɽ˺޶ɪɪǿŭ֮ɱ⣬
ǣ
һ֮㵴ɽ嫵йɱ֮ըѿһӰն˲Ϣ̤㵴ɽ۵ľʯ֮ϣϾ޾ɱ⡣
˿ߣа֮⡣
ߵһŮվǣһâ
ַɱʦ֣ȳޣܲʱûַ㣬Ϊַ֪֣ѡ̣ҹ̻ص㵴ɽ챻ɱϢʦ
ʦַ֣ɡ
ȡͷ­Ұͽ졣Į˵һŮĵͷǡʦ𡣡
һԪţµľʯʳɷĩڿգȻ׼֮ʱԶʣһͺһһ
һĻĿ΢ҲûмŶƬ̺ǵǰ
֮˿ʮңɫ㿡ʣü罣дſĲɣ֮⣬ͬʱڽ
ˣ
³һĮüһĶŶԷ
Ǻˣ
˿ʵԷƺǳʵƺܿ¡
ż˵ļ֮ң²һֱδл̣գԸһ⽣⡣
Į͸һɿֲս⣬ˣҪ̼˵Ľ
Ůͫһ⿴ʮҵӣҪʦĽÿ
һɿֲĽ֮⾳ţɽ⣬Į֮µǣ֮⾳
·飬ҪΪۻԽնɱһС
飡
ɫһȻδ֮ˣѩ¹֮⣬˭Ϭ֮齣
ˣԺýýڽ֮żߵ裬һԻ⡢һԻ顣
ڼ˵ϣͬһɿµĽ죬ĽϷ·ɼ⣬ޱߣ㵴ɽ
˭սÿµĽ⣡
ʱ㵴ɽܵȺͷɽ⣬ȻǼսȻһͬǿĽ֮⾳ͼ˶ţҲ֪Ǻ˵ǿ
ŮҲͷÿµĽ
飬ȻҪսȫΪɡ
һ֮ڼ˵гһ֮ͬʱıһҪ֣֮ſֲĽ֮⡣
ʮδýʱ֮ǰ֮Ըʣ
ƽ˵һıǱסĹ֮ϵĲһʣѪɫĽĽ
ˣһɡ
ôƽ͸ĺ⣬ȴ˵顣
ǿĽǿߣȴҪһһһ䡣
˵ģҲ̲ס΢¡
û˵ɽ⣬ڿռŰײ֮֮âǸԵĹԡ
һ󽣷˵嶼ˣֲĽѹ˼£·ʱܱը
غХֻ˲Ϣʱ䣬˵Ӱ㣬һµĹĽâͬʱŶյֻʣ֮âҲݲ
ǽ޵ײ֮սԽǿԽΣաԽֲ
£˺ζ˻ԭء
˿飬ʵΪ˽
ҡҡͷԽûеִš
һĵɱҪȥ𣬵ǣҪĶҪ֮ˡƽ˵һüгһĨȻ֮ɫ
ˡ૵л¶飬һ죬Ѫڿзɽ˵壬˺ѣӰ١
ŮµһĻҲ˸о巢ɫ԰ֽ
¡¡
ꡭ
һ㵴ɽһƽ۳㵴ɽɽڣѳһ֮϶һ죬ġ
תտ粽һۣԶȥ˲㻯һӰӣȻյУȴм̺ѪҺɽµ䡣
뿪֮㵴ɽϣŮڵϣһŮ㣬Ŀš
ղһĻֲ̫ˣ羴ޱȵʦ𼫹ˣֻһɱ
һĻ챻ַնɱƣֻͬһֻ챻ַɱ˱ն
˿Уֻ޾ĻںޣΪһϷԣ죬ݳɱ˼ˣ֮Լ˿̼˱ɱ
һУǸЦôЦ츳ʦ֣ʵֲʦ
һУַ֪λ뵽ǧȥ㵴ɽɱˣַ֪˵ĴڣҲ֪飬һλΣ
ɳĮ֮УַϯضϣǿֲȴƮա
ؼХַԪҲУŻɳķ
ַǰڷһȫ̯ͼԼ֣ƺڿ̻һ
ҷдһд֡
Ź
ͼַǲߴָеõģ˿̵ַ㣬


0447 ĺ
κԼֺһԿţǺХķɳؼ䷭󷨳ͣ˶Ϊȡ
κɺֺһۣκɵгǾȻм־ϲ֮ɫʵС㻹
ҲȻ軹ֺ͡Ӧһκͬĵ˵ͷŹѩ»ҲвСһɹͿԽС
Ǳ֮˵ʵǿ޷ǿдƿ󷨣ͱȻС
ַڶ̶̼ʱڣѾܹóŹĳΣǳѵá
ʦ㿴
ڴʱһµŮκɺһָգЩ˶ǴСκϤĽ̵κΪʦ
κ̧ͷֻյУǷĿɳŹ֮״Źɵɫ˰֮С
κɵ¶һĨЦ⣬ŹѾӵˣʱգַܽŹ󲼳ɣַһϲ¡
ȻڴʱַȻſĿ䣬ס
ȥ
ַһָеĻɳ֮ŭХκɵ˹һĻκɵ£漴Ǿͷ֣Ļɳֱӽǲס漴Ǿһռ䵱Уɫķշ䣬ңղŻһǣ˿ȴҵˣɫķ䵱УΨԼ
󣡡
κɫһ¶ɫƺ⣬Ϊַ㲼þŹҪһʱ䣬˿ԼˣŹѳɡ
ĸף󷨣Σ
һκĿ΢ֻǰһӰַ㡣
κЦˣַ츳Щϣ츳ǱΪϣͬʱ
ʱκɻַ֪Լ֮ϣͬŲǳ裬ûߣǿκְҵӵȻƣ˵Ԫ֮ôְҵĸ׷ְҵǿ󣬲ɻȱ
ַ㣬ӵ˵ĻǣͨлȺܶ˶Ҫǿ
ֱַܹӳκɸˣ󷨱ַãʱǣ󣬾󷨵仯˵󣬶ĿƵУҪ̤ֱӽ롣
Ҳ󷨵ʱ仹ԳЩһҪһʱĸĽĥܹ˲佫Ź󲼳ɣƿˡ
ַ㿪˵˾䣬κοĵ˵ͷܹôݵʱ䲼ַѾǳˣȴûнѰ㣬
ȻַԵ֮ʱֵ°ַԼΪȴް⣬ֻӵһǣ衣
ĸףһԣܹܶǿȵĹᱻƿַֿ˵һκɰһԣԺҲеף֪Լܹסʲôޡ
áκɵ˵ͷһɿֲͷţַŲˣ漴κһһɿֲӶһֱӡɫݵĶˡ
꣡
һѷǣɫķƺʱѣκ£漴¶һĨЦ⣬һɸǿŶ첻ϣĶѣһ죬þʧַ˵ӰٶȳɳĮ֮ϡ
Źһ󷨣һѣȻҲűơ
ַ΢Щ꣬ʵǿֶǧҶһ֮ʵǿκλ
ɳĮϵȺж¶˾ɫַ㣬һǿԣȻôݵʱƿ󣬲ɹ
ĸףΣַκʵ
κɵϴŲõЦ⣬ͷС㣬ʵΪ侳أõ󷨣ס侳صǿ߶û⡣
ַκɵĴҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǧ򻯣˵ʲôʵֻܲʲôԸͬǿߵ󷨣ĻȥԵû壬簲ԼΪǿ֡
ǿˣԿԽɱˣƾ贿޷Խսȴ˲Żвʺ˻Ὣ˼֮ϡ
ַ㲻УǵֻһֶָΣҪߵ·һ;
ܹס侳صǿߣַѾˣԺƾԸ侳صˣȺսҲˡ
С㣬˼죬ǻȥϢɡ
κɿַ˿̿ȻοҲ΢ЩΪĸߣ᲻۰ӡ
ַȴҡҡͷĸףȥĺ߶һ
ȥĺ󡣡κ£ĬƬ̣ĺԣһƬ֮أвϣַ̤㡣
ַҪȥҲȥֹ
ôһ𡣡κɵͷ
ˣҺ˾͹ˡַҡͷ
Ǻáκɼַ֣Ҳû˵ʲô
С㣬ĺȻֻһǳأȴܴܴ󣬱ѩ¹ĻʳǶҪ࣬ĺǳһЩʵǳֲ֮ˣҪȥĻһҪС£òҪ̫С
ֺҲһЩĲ£˶İ֮أǻ׶༸ּɵ֮ġ
İɸףһСĵġַЦ£ȴĺˣʵжֲ᲻ǿڣ
ַԣ߳ѩǳ֮£ҪԴ½ϵǿߣ˿ĺһط֣ÿӦһҲﱾǾ½ĳһطǲ֪ĵط
顣ַĿϣ⣬ߵַԣ漴һ̤ŹɳĮԶн
ַֺıӰ̾ϢһеοЦݣȴԽŨ
κɣС㣬ĳˡ


0448 ɳĮ֮
ַڹĻɳ̤ɳĮƺַ˺üʱȻû߳ƬɳĮ
ַƵǣżڻɳйɳĮ籩Щʧȷĸͨĺķ
飬ңȻһЩַ㿴ϵͷ糾мΪƬɳĮǺֻܴҪһֱǰ߾Ϳ߳ɳĮʱȥһЩӰ֮⣬ʲôûС
ʲôҡҡͷϷָȥ㿴Ǳߺˣǿȥʡ
ַָķȥȻмӰǱߣɵ˵ߣȥ
˽ŲܿӰǰԷˣһŮӴžɣͷģڵƥϴ͸żҰԣŮȴǺЩӲһΪ
ַ˶ڴַ㡣
ַҲͬŶԷƬռ̫ϤóȻڡ
ãʲô𣿡Ůȿһַ΢΢ЩȻԷֻ˵һ仰ѾԿƺûʲôͬ
ƬɳĮ·ָܲ߳ȥַ˵
ַĻ˶£ɳĮ·Ӧû߶үС㣬ȻĻôܻ·ҿ˵òһ㿡ʣȻɴ棬ܹܵõӰ
ֻҪһ·ߣܹ߳ɳĮҲҪؼңһͬаɡ
ŮЦ˵¶ѣǷǳ顣
áַȻܾ˶ӴҲܸ˽ƬռһС
ҽŵȡŮַӦЦ˵
ַ㡣ַҲԼ
ַ㣡ŵ૵һʵַ㣬ǲʶ·ôɳĮˡ
ڼ£߶һ͵ɢɢġַºһЦ˵
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ǰɡַֻǳƬ̱ͷ˵ŵҲַװ磬ټɳĮ·ӦǳһЩеĹС㡣
ǵ󣬾ȻɳĮ֮ǵĵ̡ŵ˵һַ£ɳĮ֮ǣ
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ŵһַ㵽ǴүȻĺİɳĮ֮Ƕû˵
ַЦ£һƬռ䣬֪ɳĮء
ŵȿַǵĿЦô᲻ףַ㣬治֪ɳĮ֮ǡ
ַ㣬ڳ棬Ҳӵб˵ıڳ⣬ɳĮ֮ǵĵ̣ǺаԵ޶ǻСĵãöԶԶģɳĮ֮ǣǳǿûκεĲܹԡ
ŵȶַһַҲ˼֣νɳĮ֮ǣһȺˣɳĮеˡ
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ͻأģ淢΢ĲԶһڵŵȵ˶¡
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ŵ˵ŽŲٵĿλƺӣ
ַ£ԶͶȥһۣ漴ҲŵȵĲܿȺˡ
ŵȵľǣԽԽ죬ȺƺǸˡ
ŵȳź濴һۣɫɵ΢Щ԰ףЩڿƺǳǹ
áŵЩľܵøܵĲôܺȣܿ죬Ⱥͳ嵽ߣһӰΧַǲϵתţһƬȺ˵ĿдżϷ֮⡣
Ϊ׵ӣϵϷ֮ɫĿĶַߵŵȣĿ͸ż̰
ŵһ˵ɫѿʲôʲôȻɳĮ֮ǵˡ
үã\ľӵܣ\ľ\ľ֮ŮŵȣżȻ·˵أϣүǻزȥ
ŵȷǳ˵ͬʱԼݣ\ľҲһСĲˣϣܹⲿ֮ŮܹöԷ˼һ
ͣа͸żЦ\ľ֮Ů˲ŵˡ
һȺ˶ЦȻҲŵȵ֮⣬ҪݶǼɵ֡
Щˣƺôں͸ˡ
˵ҸôƯ\ľ֮ŮſЦȺʳ
ץȥ
Ȼȥүڰλӡ
һȺ˶˷һϷʵĺŵȵɫЩ԰ףղЩ˺꣬ү
ү\ľŵȣ֪߹ԸܷŹǣ\ľһмүĶ¡ŵȲ԰һοڵżֿ֮⡣
һԵַüͷ壬һ⣬νɳĮ֮ǹȻеһȺ˶ѣֻһȺʵǿˣ˶ηǡ
ҲֹǵڰλɳĮ֮ǵĶүЦ£漴תȥ
\ľŵˣʱһԴǰ\ľȥףЩ˱Ҫȫڣһ٣\ľ佫ڡ
ǶүӰʧɳĮ֮ȺҲȥһƬĻɳ
ŵȵɫҰףף
ŲԸΪ޶ɳĮ֮Ƕүӣһǵڰλղ˵ֹǵڰλ
ŵС㣬ǿز֪ͨһ뿪ɡ
һӶŵ˵͸żֽ֮ɫ
뿪ŵȵϴһ˿ɬЦݣĵֻܹҵùˣ֮أܵﲻɳĮ֮ǵ


0449 
ŵ˵תַַ㣬Ů𣿡
ӣַһ㶣漴Цͷǵġ
һԵַϣоһĨɬȴһ֮С
뿪صȥɡŵȿ˵
ַһ˿ɫǣûղ˵ʱȫҪڣһ٣\ľ䲻𣿡
ˣΪǣɳĮ֮ǵĶүҲͼı죬ԸղŲŻ˵ǱҪϿ뿪
ŵٴοڵߴַ뿪
أҪ˶ꣿַ΢Щ죬Ȼû뵽ŵ¾ȻȰ뿪
ʱҾԼӦ޸ɳĮ֮ǵĶүʱҲö\ľôˡŵ˵
УôԼ޸ղ˵Ӻݺݵҡͷ˵
ŵȿˣЦɽԲˣҿ޷ȵΪһʿӭȢҡ
ŵȣҾԲ޸ɳĮ֮ǵˡɽĿ͸ԵĹâϵҡͷŵΨпЦ˭ýôɣ˳ɳĮ֮Ƕү
ŵȡʱַֺһŵתĿ⿴
ɳĮ֮ǵжǿַ㿪ʵ
ŵȿַһۣ漴ĵǿɳĮ֮ʵҲһ䣬ֻⲿǳǿһɲ䣬ܶ࣬һʮֲ䣬һֲ䣬ڵ\ľ䡣
ʵΣַٶʵ
ɳĮ֮ʮֲ䣬ÿһֲֻ侳ǿ߲ſԵΣЩͬʱҲɳĮ֮ܲļ˾ʵǿܲ䣬ǿƣ˵˶Ҫ侳磬ǵҲ֪ʵжǿԿ϶ΪȻ侳ϣλá
ŵȶַַܵƬ̣Ŀ˸侳֮ô
Һһȥ\ľɡַ㿪˵ŵĿ΢΢̣ЩĿַ㡣
ַ㣬Ҫȥ
ŵʵ
ˡַ˵ͷЦһҪ߳ƬɳĮء
ַ㾹˵ЦŵȲɵЩݸȻַҪȥҲû˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷǺãͻ\ľ䡣
ŵ˵˳ƬɳĮһ·ܹ߳ɳĮ֮أ߳ɳĮַ㿴ĲеĺһƬһ޼ʵĻԼֵأģһƬƬĴֵشಿ䣬ڴֵС
ȻҲвٲפɳĮģͱɳĮ֮ǡ
\ľ֮أһƬµأܴٻһɽկ㡣
ȻС䡣ַ㿴\ľդԼһЩϣ̫ˣ赲κǿߵϮ
ŵȻֲӭǰѯŵûʲôջ񣬲ǿַʱ򣬶ͶȥĿ⡣
ŵȣİ˭
˿ʵ
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ŵȡʱһȺ׷ÿϵĺˡ
סȺֿŵȿǰֵĸߴӰһ
ŵȣսƷأ\ľŵһŵȴҡҡͷ֪λش
ŵȣǲǷʲôˣ㡣\ľһŵҡҡͷףûС
˭˵ûСɽͻȻ߳\ľ常ɳĮ֮ǵˡ
ɳĮ֮ǣȺĸ֣ʱоͷ΢һɿֻŵʼӡ
ɽסڡŵȺǳһȴ\ľһۣȻӵ\ľҷʲô
常ɳĮˣƬ̺ɳĮ֮ǵ˾ͳˣһɳĮ֮Ƕү˵ʱ֣\ľףЩɳĮ֮ˣҪȫڳһ٣Ҫ\ľʧ
ŵȵĻδ£ΧѾһƬȻ۷׷ס
\ľͫҲһüͷɳĮ֮ǵĶү
˵˷ԣƯŮ˾ϲҪռΪУѾӵλòӣǲ㡣
ŵȣô
\ľ£ڵҴַ뿪ԼӦ޸Ļֻһ˶ѣҶ¡
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˵ʱ\ľĿⲻɨһۣ˶ܹŮӣɳĮ֮ǵĶүҪǶˡ
ŵȣ㻹ûҽλѡ
\ľĿ⿴ַ㣬
ַϸϸĴ\ľۣˣǲ졢ֶΣԶŵܱȵġ
ַɳĮѣλŮַӡŵȽܵ
ܰһԡ\ľ˵ͷ漴ʱҲˣȸλźϢصɡ
ɽַȥúϢҪκεĴš
\ľһɽ˵ͷãʹַүȥϢ
ַ㿴ŵһֻۣŵȵ΢΢ſԵúܳԾ\ľǰȴҲ֪˵ʲôõģԱ졣
ַ㣬ɡɽǳ˵һ·ַָһԿסլźַס£ַ㵹Ҳûн飬ֱӾ׼ȹˡ
ɽ뿪֮һЩʱַ̣üͷȴ
ߵǰַ㽫Ĵ򿪣ʱĸܵһĿϵĸоɽַ㣬뿪ɽѣ˹˼
Ҫߣӣã


0450 ҪŮ
\ľΪɲŵһô뿪
\ľҲŵҪԶɳĮ֮ǵĶүصĺܿܲŵȣַӣĻַˣɳĮ֮ǿ϶Ḳ\ľ䣬Ȼ\ľ뿴ģǧ˵ַ˵ϣȻַ뿪
Ȼַվ\ľĽǶҲ⣬ǣɺܲˬϾַ㣬\ľ\ľ޹ʣΪʲôҪվ\ľĽǶ\ľ룿ַ㻹ûдȵ̶ֳȣ˼ӻ룬\ľ£ԺԸֶ֪Ρ
ұַû뿪Ĵ㡣
ҳȥַһЦ΢΢ͷȻҲоڿӣǼ˺ܲ飬˭ԸԼ˯Ϣʱ˶ţ
ַ߳䣬\ľȥƺҪ뿪\ľ䡣
Ȼַ㻹û߶ٲӰ˸ǰһԲ
ʲô˼
ַ˵˵һ͸żĮ֮⡣
˻ȥһ䵭ӲޱĿڵ
ȥתתַҡҡͷ
˻ǻȥɣ\ľΧż޳ûôȫԷûκεĸ顣
ͲǵˡַһЦŲǰĿһŲǰһ̤ȵȻˣ˾ͲҪˡ
ΪҪǡַ㵭˵һͻأģһɿֲĮѹţڶԷϣֻоһ¶ɫ
ַŲһ̤棬ѹŶԷ飬ͬʱƮƮ˶ԷţԷ˳ȥ
ƾǣҲʸҡ
ַĮ˵Ķַһۣ漴תɱȥ
ߣ
ַǿдһ֮תص˷䵱У飬뿪һｫͣ
ȥɣ徲һЩݸһЦַ˵ͷǰ֣ҲѲַܾ㣬ַ߳䣬漴Ųһ磬գںҹгԶȥܿʧ
ַ뿪ú\ľŲеֳֻѸտҲ\ľɫɵýӲޱȡ
쵰Ǵߵģ
\ľŭһдżɷ
ףַ㱾ͺ\ľ޹أ˾˰ɡһԵŵȿڵ
ұ졣\ľǳ㶮ʲôˣ\ľһ޳ȥҲˣҪ\ľ伸ǧˣļλֳҪ
ŵȵɫףǳ鴤ף㲻˼ַ㣬ôߣҪߵĻʱͲһˡ
ž
һ촫\ľİֱӳŵȵϣĿ
ˣҿɳĮ֮Ƕү˺ֱѺ͹ȥӭϡ
\ľ˵һ漴һЩ˾תȥŵɫ԰ףˮ䣬жΪŮһֱܴ\ľҲһΪ䣬ĸ\ľԺԥ͸ˡ
뿪ַ֮Ȼ֪\ľ䷢һУһСɽϣɽĶڣҹʪÿռ͸ż⡣
΢΢бԴַļͷ˵ַ㣬ûиоƬռ䣬ƺЩһ
ţַĿһĿһۣҲоˣ
ЦЦַ㣬㲻ҪˣĹԻȻ෴ԻĸоȻҲǳ񡣡
ַ˵ͷˮ𣬽Ȼ෴ԪأӦ֮Ԫز֡
ҲˣǵĽµصףƺһɿµĻʱܱ
ַ̫շ쾭Ȼշ쾭ļ𻹲Եֻ̫ܹ֮оڵصףһƵĿֲڷڣܿ¡
֪׺ĸ̤ƬصʱûиоַһĿ⳯Զ
ôˣϢһ£컹Ҫ\ľأ鳯ַϿ˿Ц
飬ô֪һ\ľ䣿
˼᲻ףǾ뿪ŵȿ϶ɣҪȻԺߣ
˵ַĿһ㲻ҽŮߣ
Ҳ⣬ģַ㣬ϲŮͶ߰ɣĲ⣬ֻҪҾͿԡ
˵ţַĻУУһĨ״˸Уȫ
ѡַ㿴Զ˵΢Ĳ¡
ҾԼȥ⣬ֻҪܿģҡ˵ᣬַ㣬Ѿ˲ɾҩĵز£»ʧȥ绪ǣⲻǷ˸С
ַ㽫屧Щ§ڻУĿͬôºͣ飬һŮˣįʱһֱغߣĬĬıĮǻЦַ㶼ϲΪһЦɱ£ʲôɻʧȥλá
ַжŮˣ飬еĵλ޿û˿㣬ԶҪǸ䡣
ַĿɿԶ˵֮ʱȴǳǳЦ⣬û˵ֻһŮˣΪڻҵУͬһ޷ŮĬĬĵȴĬĬΪ̻Ϊ٣Ϊ㾡ഺ
ַʱ룬ƾʲôֵúΪ˳飬ģֻн߾ܣ㲻ΪԼΪաΪˣҲҪʵء
ַĻ۽ˮ֣˵УԶҪǸ䣬ˣԣѾ㹻ˣ


0451 ɱַ㣿
ʱ֣ȵ̫ӳڴ֮ϣɳĮֵش̫˿һƬ
Ȼʱ\ľ䣬ȵ̫£ȴԵøİ͸һϢѹ֮
\ľĴſڣ\ľľ˶\ľվȺǰԣŮŵȣֻʱŵȣȴţͷңĿƣȻŵȶԣƣ£µǾ
Լָ󣬲ҪһħĶ棬ŵȣܲ
\ľ֮⣬˰Ĵƺڵȴʲô
ڣһ¡¡֮\ľȺҲĿ⵱͸Ž֮⡣
ܿ죬ķɳϯߣ\ľȺǰӰ
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һ漴˶ŸͺɳĮ֮Ƕүףһ仰ˣ𲻴ֻǸ\ľһ֣\ľ䲻̫ѿˡ
һƥƥ･ɢһӰ\ľȺǰ֮ϣ߰ɨ·Ⱥ
ŵȱ֮ʱɵ£Įĵ˭\ľ
\ľǰһǰ깪ޱȹĵĶү±\ľ\ľ˵ү\ľ֮Ůŵȣ\ľԸ⽫ŵ˫ַϣԺǶүˡ
үȴüĮĵ˭㽫סˣף׵ģŮŵȣŵһŮӣǶ߰ɣҵŮˡ
Ȼ\ľͷһɳĮ֮ǵĶүȻΪַӶģŵȣֻ˳Ķѡ
Ķү\ľǸ֮ԽŵסΪү˵Ůӷˡ\ľøˣη壬ɳĮ֮ǣԵ̵һүϷŹǣ\ľˡ
\ľĻǶүɫ΢΢һ漴һ֮⡣
֪ҿףΪʲô𣿡үɳƣԵøа\ľͷ
գûֱӶˣΪҿں˵װףڽʱ\ľףΪŮʸ\ľһˣүԽԽڣ㾹Ȼˣ
\ľ΢Ĳţܿ־塣
ĶүⶼҽŮ޷ŵȽ˷ߣ\ľԸ⽫ŵȽү⴦á衣
һԵŵ\ľĻĿ죬ĸףȻ˵ү裬⻹ĸ
һġү䣬֮ǰһ\ľʧ
ү\ľ˾䣬̧ͷŶԷү\ľͽ˷ϣͬʱԺ\ľ䣬Ըүǲ
ţǶү£\ľԸĲǲ⵹ǱȻ\ľֵá
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ʱһĮȺһ㶡
˭\ľĿת漴㿴淽ӰԶַ̤㣬Լˡ
ַ\ľ£Ƕү΢΢漴¶һĨЦ⣬û뵽ַ㣬Ȼ
ʲô
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ҴûдߡַЦ£˵建ȺǰĮĿ\ľԼǶү
˼Ƕү¶һĨЦ⣬漴ڵ\ľ˵ҪЧңڣȥɱһŮӣǰ
\ľӦһɽɱ
ǡ常ɽַ̤Ŀһ˿ĮɱŵȻɽŮˣȴ˾棬ɽһУַϣַ㣬ҲǾͲɳĮ֮ǡ
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ȥ
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ܿ죬ɽȭ͵ַǰַԽԽַ㣬ƺӦӦվһ
ɱ
˺Ȳʳַ㣬ˡ
ŵ죬ɫ԰ףַܻʲôɽ\ľ䵱Уǿļ֮һַôֵܵ
Ȼŵ˼ͬʱɽȭͷֱӺַϣ\ľ˶¶Цݣɽһ־ɱַ㡣
䣡
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ַֻ۾һվǣŲûƶֺ˫ӣתš
ַ㣬ûˡ
ţ
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ôܡôܣ
ɽͷҲǣַ㱻ɽһȭؿڣôܷӦûС
ôȥַ㵭ĮƽĮ˵Ŀ⣬һ
ǣƺûַʵΣ
˵ˣ㿼ٶַ֡Į˵һֻ̧𣬺Хһָźɽȥúɽɫһˡ
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ַһֱָ˺ɽʺúɽһ漴ĵȥ
ɽˣ
\ľȫ£пֹ\ľĿҲַ㷢ƺͷβַʵΣ
ΪǣҪɱңЦַһ\ľΪɳĮ֮ǵһ仰Ҫɱ\ľΪַ㣬ܸԷȡ
ǣ\ľ֪νɳĮ֮Ƕүǰϣ֪ʲô룬ַ㣬Щڴ


0452 
ŵȣҲַһָе𾪣ַ㣬ȻôǿʵȻû뵽
ַ㣬ǳӵܣ⽼Ұ棬ԼɳĮ֮ǣ˺һС
Ȥ
һϷʵ˵˼ϣֻɳĮ֮ǶүɶϣЦû뵽㻹еΪ磬\ľˣ湻ûá
ַԷĻһ㶣漴ЦҡͷɳĮ֮ǵĶүǸ۲۵ķϲģһָ̺
ˣһɱ\ľɫѿĿĮֿ˵һ
\ľ\ľǿʿʵ侳أأһ£ֱӽ˵ѡ
ಲбڼϣݣͭ޴ӽַ㡣
ˣɱ㹻ˡ
˵󲽳ַÿһܴ󣬼ֱ֮ӵַǰ
ûκεԥİֱӳַԴȥźХĿֲ磬\ľ˶Ǿ޴һȥַ㲻
ʱȺֻһ£ȴûַ㣬ַ㣬Ѿʧԭأԣվߡ
¡
˵ϣǹɸľ޴ҲˣȺֻ¸壬漴ֱſ˵ϣҲûվһѪ˳ŻӶȾ˵棬һĻ\ľ˶ҡˣǵģҵĲ
еĵһʿˣûпôģӹɣַϣҾڸղһ˲䡣
Ҫɱңһɣһ˻ġ
ַ㵭Į³һ\ľ֮˵Ӳַ㣬һ
\ľҧҧĶַ㣬ȴٳû
ȥ˽ɱˣŮ
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үȥȡŮĶöүܡ
ż¡֮ƥַ̤ȻʱһɿֲɱͻأĽڿռ䵱УǳַƨȫһǰȻͣסˣҳַȥ
ȺֻһâǾͿַӰʧԭأһطղţǰ
ţ
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Ϊʱַ㣬ڿеģڿգ٣侳Ŀֲڡ
ˡˡ
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ҲַǵӰ˶ͣеĶĿȫǡ
ַ㣬侳ǿߣ侳
\ľĿַ㣬ˣȥɱһ侳ǿڣң侳
ڡ\ľͻȻޱߵĻ⣬ŮŵȵĻַ㣬ʼվ͸ûܵ˼Ҳ\ľˣҲζţַ㣬ηɳĮ֮ǡ
ЦǣĻûȥ룬ɽ˵ɳĮ֮ǵϢԺȫʣµģֻɳĮ֮ˡȥУַ㣬ŮŵסɳĮ֮ǵĶүͷȴ֣ҪԸַ㣬е˻Ҫǿ󣬱ַӦеĹ˿ͲŶԡ
ȻʵôĿЦ
\ľηһߣȥΪߣɱվһߵǿַ㡣
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ɱ
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ˡˡ
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˻ӴܣȻֻҪ˭һӣӭģһ⣬Ȼǵ壬ʹϵ£ֹͣ
־塢ռŵģΨп־塣
ˣ־Ŀַ㣬ǻڿַ㡣
ղţַ㣬˿̧̣ͷеַ㣬ַ㣬̫ҫۡ
Ҫɱң
ֱַһ̫֮£·˽ӰҽУͺ¡ķ˳ȥһ
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ַ㣬ϵĻӶֱִۣÿֱ۵Ļ£Ȼ˱Ĩɱ
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ʱվеַ㣬ɷǡɱһȫɱ
\ľȺɫĶǰһĻ죬ȴѾ־˵ˡ
̶̵Ƭʱ䣬ַ·ʲôûһɳĮ֮ǺƵİˣڣֻʣǶүһͺͺһˣ


0453 ɱ¾
㡢㡭
ɳĮ֮ǵĶүΧһ˱նɱ֮ϵĲţ¶ģ޾Ŀ־塣
㣬Ҫɱң
ַŲһ磬ƯɳĮ֮Ƕүǰ䵭³һ
үɫһɱַ㣿ɱַ㣬ɱַ𣬴˿еˣַɱˣҲַС
ҪҵӣŮˣַٶ³һУһɱ֮Ŷ̶ֱԷġ
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׷ɱɱ󣬾ȡ
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Ϣʱ䣬һնһɱ㡣ַ˵һǶүһϢ
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һﱼڣɽ䵱С
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һɿµɷЩɽȺֱӶˣɱ֮ˣɱ


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һ䵱У\ľĿԼе˱¾ȴվȥ
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ٲɱ


0454 ɱ
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ţ
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ӰٶֱӽЩʬ廯Ļ֮ˣԵøĿֲ
ЩûĿȴûа仯ƺоΪƽǵУֻѪҪַ˺ѡ
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һɱˡ
ַ㷢֣ɱˣȫˣ͸ŵҰ֮ƺԽԽǿˡ


0455 β
ʱַĮվڵϣֳɱ̤֮ڻϣͬעַ㣬Ұ֮С
ȻûϵַʵȻôǿˣ˫ͫûη壬ֻѪĺâƺԡ
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ŭХϾȻ˳޾Ļ֮⣬ַնɱĽ˳ȥ˭ûˣУֻжԷ
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ŵȣվµַսֻоڸ̫ˣַʵԽ̫࣬˼顣
ʱŵм临ӣȻþˣĸԼ\ľ䣬ˣ㲿ҪˣϾĲ䣬ĸס
һжԱģַʵѾԺԿˣ˼ַ㣬ַĹϵŪΪǶүȥɱַ㣬ǲ䣬ԺַΪѣһҲܱ⡣
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Ǻ֮ӻд漴һŻ⼱ٵĺˣһֱûжǴ˿ڶˣֱӽŻһɣϵĻøӵѤ

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뵽⼸ۣȺĶĲɳĮ֮ǵ֣ԭɴ˶


0456 ԶŴ˵
ĺԶʱһֱһ˵ǰĺһƬһ޼ʵɳĮƬɳĮ̫ܵ˿ޱȵĸ
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һսȡʤÿ꣬ͻٶȴӵصǣͽ˳УҲĺ󣬲ĺĵص·ӡĺ棬һƬɳĮԺÿͲȥͻƷӡǴĺɳĮг֡
û֪˵٣ǣĺ֮⣬ÿ᲻ʱһ޳ȴǲʵÿһαʼأڳ⡣
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β޳֮ʱı־βĶ٣ʵǰӵβ֤ļβ弶
ĺ֮⣬ˡȫҪˡ
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ַ㲢ˣԷĻüɱ֮ţĽŲҪǰ̤Ҫ׷ɱ
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ˡ
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İŵȣҺʵһЩ˲ǡַͻȻЦ£οЩ⣬û뵽Ƭռ߶һȻֱӾһ޳


0457 澧
վյУַܹĿ·һ޼ʵµԼɳĮԽԽĻӿ֣ʳࡣ
ŵȵĿ΢Щѣĺ֮ɳĮǻѣɳĮеӰܻĲжˡ
ַ㵽ʱޱ飬ֻͷ΢̾ϢһѪ飬ֻھ½Ѿ̫ɱ¾Լ飬ˣĺܲң׷ޣҪһżޱȡ޷ҡġ
ϵĻǣƺҲ˿еַˣлǶַ˷˻
ǻûΡʱŵȵһϣһͷĻǻûΣһĻҲ¡
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𣡡
һ˻֮ǰͷǳַȻͬŻ棬ͷϵĻȴûɳĮ֮ǵôȣҲСһЩǣӦ

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һɿֲɱַ֮ţûκεԥһβͺһŲ΢΢ˣǰϵϢܿ¡
ַˣŲһӰ˲Ϣǰɱ֮Ӱնɱ˲佫Էնѡ
ֲĸӦ˳ַ㶢ⱻնѵֻٶɢ棬ȻʱַĿȴ΢΢һŻ浱УһĻ֮⣬ƺһŻ澧㣬Ż澧ڵʱֱӾʧˣĻ˲Ϩ
ǣ޺ˣ
ַĿ£ղǿŻ澧壬ƺ̺һɿֲĻ֮ƺǵĸ
̺֮Ļַһ֮⣬ŵѾˣǰһΣ
һͷһβһն𣬲һַȡϴεĽѵնɱ֮ӰƮֱӽǿŴŻ֮Ļ澧סַϣһҫ۵Ԫ˸һС͵Ļ
ַ΢΢һǿŻ澧ֱӷ֮У̼ǿŻ澧ֱӱɣ̺Ļֱ֮뵽˺С
һĻַ¶һĨЦ⣬һ»Ԫַ˸âҫ۶Ŀ
ԪȻǿ˼֡
ַͷһϲһûв´ǿž壬ȷǵĺģ̺ǿĻַ㵱ȻҲǵãڤǿɻ棬뵽ԪУǿԪ֮ͬʱҲôշ쾭ɱ䡣
Ԫ㹻ǿ󣬴շ쾭ҲȻȻɱ䣬ջΪ̫ԪҲ͸ǿ߼ѭศɡ
Ųַ̧㳯ǰַ̤һ뷨ƬɳĮ֮أרɱǣǵ޺˾壬ǿԪ
ŵȶߣַ㲻ô̫Σգַ㲻Լðա
ǰĲûַֹͣ˵û̫ǿĻǣʵǿַֻһβ£ûܵסַһʱ򼴱Ⱥַһɱ֮
Щõ޺˾壬ַȻǺԥĽɵ
ûжõʱ䣬ַɵҲмʮţַҲܹĸܵԼԪǿһЩӵĳȣԪǿ̫֮ǻڤøǿЩַڴġ


0458 ǧ
ַڻбۣɳԶһʵĳ֣ѾԿĺˡ
쵽ˡŵȵһһ·Ŀν췭ظַʵԼֶε߸֪ǿ˾侳ĸ\ľʱַһЩ˼˾Ļǣַȴһ·ɱ
ɱˣڵľ̵뵽ַԼĻ浱ȥЩǰŵδš
ֻипǿޣȻܣĿͨ쳹أҪ»ɡ
ϧЩĴ߶ĺĳڣֻгǿޱȵĻЩ߲ŻֹǸͲм֣ɣǶ֣޵Ĳпᣬ˶ֻԼȥˣν֮
໡໡
һֲХַ֮üͷһ壬漴𣬺˸
Ⱥˡ
ַһһֱĺҪУ࣬ĺĸȺǣڶĺ󣬵ȵȺǻ۶һ
໡໡໡
̶ǺòϢƺںͬ飬ĻͬʱͳĺУ඼оһĵ׵ĺĺ⣬Ƿ·оͷһͷյУ
Ⱥǣŵȵɫ΢Щ԰ףĺߣڴʱȺǣ̫ˡ
ȺǿɲȹǣǳŽᣬηɳĮ֮ЩһǶģ֪ҲҪ˷һַ㣬Ҫַ˺˲Űݡ
ǣԽͬ鱻ɱԽ񣬶ȺǵУһͷǣʵȻֲܿȺǵĹģԽǿͷǾԽ¡
ӽĺҰÿǰһ޼ʵɳĮشΪַ˶ܹĿɰǧĻǳ߻۹һʱ׹˸Ŀ¡
ַ㱼ǰŲûƬ̵ͣϢƺη壬ͺûпȺһ
飬ŵȥҿַĮ˵һ΢΢ͷڲǽʱ
ɱ
һͳַ³һɿֲɱϢŶַ㱼ܵٶȲӵѸˡ
໡
ȺǼྐྵȻҳɱɵö¶׹⣬ʻγַΧ顣
ͻȻַĽŲһ磬Ȼһը죬ַڿն𣬵֮С
Ԫƣַԡ˻浱У̫âֱ£ַԼϣͷųɻ⣬
ն
һͳַ³貵֮ţַӰӣΨн̫֮֮
𣡡
ǷѪĵͳХǵеַ˳Ҫַ˺ѣһɻ⣬Ǳо嶼Ҫ˺ѣͳַ֮Ľÿ¡
ַ֮͡͡Ľն£̫֮֮ǵ嶼˺ѣռ·һպ蹵
¡¡
ء
ѣǺһ±˺ѣ汻նһѷ죬ѿвǵȥ
ߡ
ַͺһ⣬Ųһɵ棬շɶƮȻɣӰôˡ
ַͬգһһ̫֮նȺǱˣַ㿪ٳһ·ŵȴпԽȥȺǵİ
໡
ֲХ֮ٶȴЩǶҪȥ׷Ϯַȴڴʱתնһ漴ͣյУĿһڰ֮⣬ĶȺǡ
Ԫַ֮ϷĻֲۣĻ֮ƮַǰһɫĻƮյС
ɫĻڰż֮⣬ޱȿֲ
ЩҲܵõĿ£ȥ׷ɱŵȣǶַ㣬һ
ַ㶢Ⱥǣһȥȫǻ֮ɫǧͷĿһַͫųһڰ֮⣬漴ıϣһǿϢַͷŶĻǻ֮ϡ
һεںúƮյУת֮Ӷ
ѣ
һͳĺַ³̼䣬ǶеĺըѿɫĻ棬ЩɫĻը֮󣬾ƽȵ·һεƣתţٶȻ΢Сĺ
յУ飬ȫǺڰЩڰֻ಻١
ַ۾ɱţ΢мֳüţɿԿм֮·
촽䶯£ַǣһ³
ɣ
ͳ£һɿֲĻ֮ţĺ·ӵԼĹ켣ȺǶȥ
໡ء
ŭǺ֮ϣ˷ǷĳǻȥеҪɣ֮ʱһױȵĻϢţڰ֮ǵ嵱ȼܿ죬ȫǻ֮ɫǣȴһɫĻ棬ķʹ֮
ɰǧͷޣȫɫ棬ĺɫ·Ҫضȼϧޱ𺳵һĻȴû˿Ȼһᾪ˵
ַϷһĨڰ԰֮ɫһκˮ˳Ķͷµ䣬ƺܳ
΢΢ҧҧֲĸӦռ֡

һͳĺȼŵĺڰУһźڰ֮⻺𣬻ڰڰȸղŸЩ
ַͺһĺڰ֮ٶȻһ𣬷ֲۣĻӶһ𺳵ĺڰ۳Ρ


0459 ȼյĻ
ַԺĨɱǧٻǵͬʱŵȳȺѾĺĳ֮ء
˿̵ĳȴǽգסˣڳŵĺ֮ϣǣЩĺеˣ֪ĺжǿ߷׷׳ų֮ػ۶׼赲ǵ֡
һЩ츳꣬Ƕ׼˻֤ԼͬʱҲһ
ŵȱ·֮ϵȺһĿ⵭Įûκ˳ֻǰĿŵȡ
λɳĮ֮\ľŵȣλҵѣϣλǡ
ŵȶϿеӰЩȴһޱ飬ֻĮȻĿŵȡ
ռһĬƺԵЩѹ֣ѹֵĳĬŵɫ΢Щ԰ףǰ㣬Ҫñ˷ǣѡ
ŵλҺǡȺŵȶų֮ϵȺ΢΢ǡ
еˣһȺϣܳǵΧˣĺ֮ء
һĮŲźɣŵɫӲ
λҪβǡŵٶȿڣ֮ԣַڻںͻǲǽ˳ڣԽԽĻǻ۹ʱһὫǶɵΣһҪǡ
βǣʱһϷʵŵĿתͿһбһǽϵʯϣбһ䵶ŵȺĿ͸żа⡣
ŮˣмɫɴŮӣ̫ڣȻˡ
ɻΪˣվˣȻǽ·£ǴҿҲǾͻǣǡ
Ⱨ䵶а˵Ļ£ʱһȻĴЦ֮
ȱ¹˵ĶԣҪȻѹ·һã˵ˡ
˸ͳ˵
⣬˰ɡ
һ˷ŵĿ⽩ӲϣһɺͷŶ
ĺˣʵǿʳĳ㣬·ʱܳɱˣֻҪǿ߿ߵĶǱﻹŮˣֻҪϲŵжš
ĺǿߵ磬֮ǣûʵͱˣֻдڳⲿķݡ
ǿţȺĿ΢Ŀ顣
ŮζҪԶ
ȱ¹վֱ䵶ü֮⣬Ļ£һЦ֮
ɱ
һɿֲĺ͵˳һ̤ȱ¹ӱȥ
ŵȿĺе˶֣ɵϸԲ԰ˣҪǲˡ
عͷŵȳԶȥֻһĿɳľ·һ쫷ڿգ쫷統УŵȷһӰַ㡣
ַŵȵĶ·Щַġ
ţȺ·ҲܵһǿϢڿԶȥ漴ҲַӰŷɳ߹
䣡
ķɳһӰֱӴӹĻɳгĺĳźԽֱȱ¹Լײ֮ء
½Ų
һĮĺ漴ȱ¹һӰտ粽Ҫ赲ַΡ
ʱյУһɿֲɱ֮ͻȻţɱ֮Ŀ£ġ
̤ӰԵɱ֮ǿңں֮⣬ö˶˵̤ʲô
ɱ
һɱ³Ӱг˻ں֮⻹п־壬˿ֲǿɱĶ˵漴ԼȺУһֲɱ¾ڴն£һΨɱ¾쵽˼顣
͡͡
ǿ֮˵Ӱֱյб˺ѣնΣѪȺĺݺݵĲ¡
Ӱ˭ðԵǿɱ
ĺ֮ǣߣηǿߣŵȺ鵽ʱŵǷУȺ賰Ц̣һ㶼⣬ַ㽵ٵʱһ仰û˵ţֱǿʵնɱһˣȺͷû˸¶ֻ̣мɵ
֮ǵķҲķ
¡
һ޴ײ֮ȱ¹ײһˣȴַнס漴ڵء
û°ɡ
ַʵҡҡͷֻĿдһƺ
ҡ
ַ㵭˵һĿתĺĳԵĺ֮ϣգϣȫǿֲɱ
Ⱥַжһɺ⣬ˣ䡢ɱϡ
ղǱŮӣŮˡ
תַĿȱ¹ӵϣȱ¹ɫһַͬ㡣
ԪĻַۣбǣֲԪһɻ֮֮ϣһƺɫɱ֮⡣
ַˣԡ˻浱УԪ·ҪپһС
ȱ¹Ŀ࣬е䵶ʣӵ͸һȱ£¹ڴ֮ϡ
ַŲûһ仰Ψɱ
Ԫ֮ԽԽֲַеĽԽԽҫۣȺַϣһɿµĻܵȼţϵ̫֮ӡַϣȻֱ뵽ַĻԪС
һַ屻ԪᣬϣΨл棬֮
䣡
һǿϢַϵĻڿգӿµϢַӶһĻͷһ
ǣͻˣ
˵Ŀ⽩Ӳַ㣬սȼգ̫֮ӳϣַĻԪԽԽǿ󣬾ͻˡ
ÿ£ͻƣ
ַղžôŰԵʵͻƣǸǿȱ¹ӣΣˡ


0460 ɱϳǱ
ȱ¹ӿַͻƣҲͬ£ַˣÿ£֪ŵȺһ˿µ꣬ղžͲôˣڣﻢ£ַ㶼ҪɱսҲսûѡ
ַԼûие⣬ͻƵ侳֮־˶ĴսÿһսǺңټϴɱԼ۸ֺľĸܣɻ֮ˣͻƵ侳أ˳¡ˮɡ
ַľȫ侳أ˴ͻƣûаǿַΪȹޱȡ
ԪԽԽҫۣǱ֮ŵȺܹޱȵĸܵɳȣܿ£·ҪȼһС
ֲģַĽϻ̫ĳȣпֲɱһͺҪˣָҡ
ЯԪԼɱַ֮Хųǽ֮϶ȥȱ¹ӵԣٵ˸˱ַܿ㿿һնϣ̫ԩ
ȱ¹ַ࣬㣬Ƭ̶ҷɣǿߵĶԾһʧԾˣַ㣬ȻѾǿòȫԸƴеˡ
ȱº⵶ϣһĨ֮ӵ͸ıҲһ䵶Ӱȱ£䵶ꡣ
꣬޵ȱµĹǳǿǰÿһγֻҪоȱ䵶ĺͻ᲻Ĳ¡
Ȼգĵַ̫ӳյĽ£ȴޱȵȻ·ө֮ҪԣǳС
ȱ£޵ʮأͬ޵Уе֣˱
ȱ¹³һ֮⣬
ַĻޱ飬ôĮ
Ųһ磬Ľ߾ٶ𣬿ֲɱ֮ʵʣȱ¹ӺХ
ҵĽ֮ͬˣһɱ
ַе³һĽԽɱˣԸͬףҪȫȫһɱ
ַĻȺ΢΢һȱ¹˵ͬ޵У˱ҪַţͬǿԼȱ֮Σַһ仰ȴȱµŶҡƽһ仰ȴŲ֮⣬Ľ֮ͬˣһɱ
ԣҲ⡣
ַ³һ֮ؼ䡢Ψɱ
ɱ
ɱɱɱ
ַһ³ڿռе̫֮֮ɱ֮ضʧȥ˹ʣ˵Уֻʣַһ
ȱ¹ӵɫӲΨһ٣ŸоַĽжôĿ£ſ־֮ɫҧȱ¹ӻӳĵɱ֮ͬ˵ȱ֮һȴѾûյĹԣɱ֮⣬û
ڽбûȱ¹Ŀǽն£¶ױȵĿ־ں֮⣬дǰ;Ϊ仰Ϸ飬ֵزĵزûܾ
һ죬̫֮ն䣬ȱ¹ӵ屻˺ѣ˺ɷ飬ûʣ£ΨһεѪڿƮɽ顢ŭַĽ֣һеˣĶ͵Ĳ¡
ַ㣬ÿ£ղ˵֮ͬУһɱ
˵ַ侳أַ㻹侳ؾ磬һҲɱȱ¹ӡ
ʱַֻվǣĿĮһɨȺ˶ͷ΢ֱַ۾
顢ŵȣ˭
ַ㵭³һøղŵȵͷǿһ£иǿҵĿ־塣
ַ㣬ҪЩŮӵˣҳɱˣ

ŵȵֱָָˣǸղų裬˵ҪˣŵȵȻҪָ
˿ŵȵָָǣͷݺݵĳ鴤£ĿתǾ͸оַĿѾǵϣͬʱһɿµɱ֮⽵٣ļ
ӣ
һ˴һֱӳĺ˸ȥҪܡ
ӣ
ַһâƮһ˲ˡ
ɱ֮һҽУֱ࣬ݻڵһУ壬ĳ¿ս䡣
ߣ
ַһߣ˴˿̾ȻҲӣɫͻأĳ˾ȥٶȿ쵽˼顣
ͣ͡
ܵһһ߲ǵϣεľס漴ȻһǻûзӦͱַǰӭǵģǻһ
һ˶˲նɱ
ַĿƽӱɱˣŲһ磬ٴγ˳⣬ŵʵŵȣûˡ
ŵ˼£漴ҡҡͷղųľͼˣЦȫǣַȫɱˣɱǼ˾Ϳˡ
ַ΢΢ͷûж˵ʲôԶǺ֮һɿµĻ֮ԶӶǳ¡
Ⱥˣ
ַһ漴һŵȵߣ˴ŵգֱƮ˳Ǳ֮ϡ
ղַĵĿⶼԶȥɵ΢΢ֲ̣ҰϢͨĻ潫նӡͫףɻ治ַղŵĻ棬ǴΧĻϼ⣬˵жһǣҪĺˡ
ŵȿ˿Ⱥֿ˿ַ㣬ǳƽ벻˳ǣڷĵĶǶģʵϵûʲôۿԣȺȷ̤ϳǱڣǲãַɱǿʵˣ˭˵ö֣
ַŵʵҲˣǻǣǣܶ
벻˳ǣΨʵȥ˵ʵС֪ǲǻҲϷˣǣǣǣʵǿЩ˸Ͳȥ⣬ַһʡõõֱӿǣ˭˵
ЩС˵ЩʵǿˣҲĵȥַֹ㡣


0461 սȺ
ĻԽԽˣȺĿȫԶĻȺˣǵ۾ѾԿȺˡ
޾ĻڵϱۣͺһܵһڵϷŲư㣬һݲؽڣһƬ
Ϊǣ֮ϣϵðһ̣ơ
ÿ¡Ⱥͷݺݵս£ǻȺղеĺ˲ϢõȻ޴桢ʧԣ֪Զʱھʹڵֶ֮ôĿ¡
һɿֲȺ֮ݲЩˣֲҲѾ˰ɣûһɿµĻȺǰܽҴȿֲȺֻҪһûܻ
˵嶼΢΢֮⣬ȥԣɻȺ̫¡
ڣ޾ĻȺڳͣһȥȫǻҡҷ֮β˸оǱ֮ĿⶢţǳĲͬʱһɿֲĳȽǵϣһƬ磬ܲȡ
ȺǰһͷĻǣӴȫǻ֮죬βͷβаڶţġ
ͷޣβζ߼൱侳ؾǿڣֲޱȡ
侳صǿֻб˲ɵķݣֻ˫ۣ˸о
󣡡
һͺȳյУȺ̧ͷͿһӰϽ䡣
һϯ£ֻǱȺɿԸܵϵһƮ֮⣬ֱȺֱβǣʵȻǳ°ɡ
һХǿӰ½ЩһϢ¶ʷǷֱվǰվһš
֣֮ܿǧµһΣǲĺ֡𣬾һսɡ
ǺǿߵĮ˵Ⱥһǧµһ֣֮ĺһǰĺƽ١
ַüͷţĿԶȺǣƣ壬᲻ϵȺֻԽԽֲ
ĺĳǱ֮ϣԭռɳĮشҪȥЩѶˡ
ӲҪԽռ䣬̤ȥǿͷǳΣա
ϾǰβǶˣ˭֪ûиµĻǣββ
һһˡַаһĻ澧ˣǿԼʵԼԣҲһᣬʵĻᡣ
ɱ
һֲĺǺǿߵ³ʱһɿµɱ⽵ڵϣУһԵԪ³ǳĿ¡
¡һԪȺУ˲ɱ˲ǣȺǶԣȴԵúۣ׺һڡ
ˡеĺܶӰͬʱЯŹԪ֮ȺЩһ侳ǿߣûӹ֮ˣ˴ҪɱǣԼΣĥѣϵͻԼļޡǿ
Щ˶֣ǱϵĿһâɱΨɱ¾Եܴ̼ԼԼ
ǿߣҲ಻סˣĺ֮ڣɲȺ߻ֱۣӼսϾڵ˶ǰ
飬ŵȾһַĿת
Ŀ⿴ַһۣ漴˵ͷȻе㲻ַȥսҲףҪַǿַҪĥ£ĥ£ͨǿߵ·;ƽ̹Ըһֱַߣ߹
ȻҲȥַʲôַеѡַҪ׷ֻĬĬ顢֧֡
½ҡ
ַ˵ͷ漴ŲӳǱֱ֮ӳȺȥ̤ȺС
ֲɱ֮ţһɱâʱǱնַܳһյء
ԪۣһŴĿĵĺڰ棬յУַǰ棬Ż֮
ѣ
ַȵڰڤѣһ΢Сĺмǧ䣬⼸ǧ֮ϣȫǿֲĻ֮ΧǷһ֮Ҫַ㣬ȴּɵǿµ
һգַϥ£𣬿ֲϢŶлǧƲлһ˳ѿĺڰڣУסȺ΢Сĺ
ΨսȫƺڰַſͬʱƼǧĻ޷ܵס
ַһרĿƺ֮СĻֱӱޣ΢ǿһЩַƺûǵľˣǾ̺Ļ֮뵽Уúϱǿ
ܿ죬ַΧγһյش޷һҪôһҪôһȺǵ壬ڽ̵ǵھˣЩǳ¡
ĵַ㱻ע⵽Ⱥ𾪣ֶַΣǿǣĺֶֹΣҪǿȥƣ
ַ㲻ǿߵע⣬ͬҲǿע⣬ͷǳַڿգЩǣӵβһЩļ弶ܿ£ǶҪַɶǿߡ
ַȻſµĺڰ֮ͫ׸֣ȻۿƺΧһĸܵõκϸ΢ķ޷ӵù۾
ַߺХһַͼ赲ǣʱһǰ֣޴ĴŻ֮⣬ֱ˦ַַ𾪵Ŀע£ֱʧˣľߡ
ⲻģᦣһı
ַĿ΢гһ


0462 ֮
ء
Ǻַͷ̧ȥֻ֮ӭ棬ͷ޵Ӱ֣ӡ棬ڷᦡ
𣡡
ǳᦵĺɫһһʱǺ֮ԽԽ嶼ڻջһ֮ͼӡϡ
ᦵϢ·ǿ˼֡
ҵĺǾˣ񡣡ַ΢ᦾȻֱӽǵ뵽Уǿ
ԸǣҰѷ硣
Ӷַ΢ЦŵͷַĿһ㶣ΪҪ
ȻԷô˵ˣַɵ˵ͷлˡ
˵գַһգǿ֮źǾˣһЩ޹֮ʱǺ궼ᦰֵ
ǿҲڷ׷ȺսҵսĪһźɫĳֽβǵս֮˻𣬴ӵϼУؼȫͽâβǵ徹ȻǵһСɽôߣͷβƮǿ󵽲˼顣
ǿҲ׷ǿӦԣȻĺǿ߲̤һ
໡
ãβŭһǾͻȻսת糱ˮȥ쵽˼飬βҲתɱ뿪Ƭʱ䣬ȺͿǹɿµͨ潥Զǡ
ȺЩ⣬ǾȻˣԣռƣͻȻͳˣ˲⡣
֮һƬȺ޲һȻ֮⣬ÿµĻȺ
ĳֽĿĮȥβüͷȴ
˴֣֮еҪ£ֻǵһ̽һΣֲ
ֽм䵭˵һȥȴȺͷȻһǿȺֻǵһ̽Ժ󣬻ֲ
ۣõ£Ԫ뵽ַϣַĿоųһĨµ̫֮⣬ҡ
ѣֶΣǳַ֮ߣַ΢Ц
ᦣҲǿ
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ҽ䣬ҵǲֶλҪһЩҲ²ĲֶΣҪǳǿƣȻǿɡ
ַ㡣ַ򵥵ĵ
ַ㡣һЦַ㣬֪ᦣҪʲô
ַ΢΢ҡͷ׶Է⡣
ҵᦣǹᦣᦣҪľǿΪȥᦣΪһַ֡㻺˵ӵǿĺǾˣټϿֲȫһ֮ᦣ֮ᦻӶǼ𣬱Уɾˣȥľ޴ľȥôǡ
ַüͷ΢΢˵ЩǺ⣿
ʵҺò׼һʺ֮ˣҪһ֮ᦣΡĿһʣᦣҵȤڣҺڴһƳһ֮ᦡ
ַĿ˸۾ǰַһûѵ֮ͣȻǳ󣬵ԷȻ˵ҪƳһ֮ᦣַоЩס
Уȴʲôֻ͸һĨĨ˷ܡڴ
ΪҶͼĻ˵䲻̫ĻʵǿɺЩ룬ҺαҪ¡
ַЦ
ַĿ¶֮ɫ˵ʵԷʵȷʵҪǿһЩҪȫһƴַ㵹Ҳ壬Ȼǰûʵ
֮ᦡַ૵һǽᦣҲḶκεĴۡ
áҡͷ
ǺãҴӦ㡣ַ˵ͷͬ
ã¶һĨЦ⣬˷֮ŨַмĻûκͼֻǴϲá
ǣѵϲýԼǿֶδˣ˷֮У
һԾĺڶȥַ̤ͬ𣬶ʾ⣬΢΢ͷŵȸַԶ
ĺʱѩµĳǳû̫𣬸ַĽַһ޴ıݵУ彵ڵϡ
ַ㣬סĵطȽϰû˻ǡ
俪˵һȷڷƫԶм־֮
ߣ䲽뱤ݵУ޴Ŀռ侹żɭ֮ȻһƻͨĴǾ޴¯¯·ϵŻȼա
ңУƮһ磬ַо궼΢Щ䡣
ַ΢΢һУסĵطϣȴ档
ƵᦣǹᦣΪŨҲ֮£ַĪҪ⡣
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һߵľͷһ޴ţǰһ¯
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ȡһö񣬵ݸַ㡣
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ַĿ΢УͿԿصļ䣬Ƿǳļ֮ǿ꽫뵽С
֮ļ䣬ȻһЩֶΣΪֻҪǳǿ˲㣬ּ˲ܻὫһЩĵļֶ߲ηС
֮ȻǷӡڼ֮УȻ󣬻֮ļֵҲƣ䣬Ȼ׽ȱｻ
ַЩף䵽ͼʲôѵֻȤ
ַ£漴˳ż֮룬ʱ·һʶУļֱϴӡԺС


0463 
ᦣᦣıͬᦣ˵ڣϣʹᦣǣᦵĸ
ΨǿߣʺʹûΪ겻ǿޣ޷ᦺһ
ַ۾䣬ƻᦣҪõ֮ͩ
Сƽ˵һַĿ΢䡣
ַ㣬ǵһοͩμ˵ģͩӵпռΣഢҲԿ֦ͩҶƤƣͩҲһֿռ֮ӵпռεı䣬ȴƽĸַ㣬С
ַ㣬ƻᦵĲ㲻õģֻҪû⣬ƻᦣѣѵᦵ϶ȡ
ٴο˵ַĿ˸ӵвлǳʺʹûᦣڻᦵһμ䣬ҲЩĶˡ
һᾡ
ַ˵˵ͷ²˳٣ھͿʼƻᦣҪƻᦻᦣƹҲû⡣
ƻᦡ
ַûԥϵ˵ֻǵͷҲûж˵ʲô
΢ַǰ֮ΪҪľһźɫſռϢͩ
ֻͩҪһ׸ߣ΢СȻһͩȻ쳤ܿ컯һ˱ݵĶˡ
ַĿ΢֮ͩһֿռ֮㲻̺ܵռ֮⡣
ַһַ㶢ǿ֮ͩ
ǺãҸ㡣
ַһʱϣһɳȵĻȼնԪĳ֮⡣
ȼ
ַһȣǿ֮ͩȥ漴ſ֮ͩң泯ӣܿ죬֮ͩϣȫַ
Ȼգֻ֮ͩǷž죬ȴûһȼ
棬һ޷գǳ졣
ڷտ֮ͩͬʱַϣһǿϢӶ漴Ҳͬſ֮ͩ˹ȥ뵽ÿͩС
һԿַȥ֮ͩûвֻ֣һԶַ㣬ַԿ֮ͩҲ¶һĨ֮ɫַ㣬ǶԻĿƻʹãǳ׼ӦñͶ֮ǵһƱ
Ļ̻򵥺ܶࡣ
ңᦵƱҲ̫ѣѵĵطԻȥٻᦵĿռ䣬С
ʱ仺ţתۼʱȥַڹűУûгȥһ
˿̵ĹűڣǿҵϢпֲĳϢݶ͸һɻ֮⡣
ڹűַǣ˿̵ַ۾üͷţϣһĨ԰֮⡣
ڻᦵƣѾؼʱ̣ɰڴһ٣ǰĿ֮ͩ˿ѾˣΪ״֮
𣡡
ַһȣʱһɿֲĻϢϹ棬ĳһƳεĻᦶȥ
¡һ˵֮ȫǻ棬ǹɻȴƺȼջᦣǷĳм΢СĻᦷ϶ȥ
ͩǿռ϶Իѳ
ַһ漴һһޱȿֲ֮񱩵ĳǻᦶȥ
·ǧ֮꣬Ż棬ĳſռ϶ȥ
͡͡һ촫ռ϶ƺ˺ѣǧͻȫУϵĻ涼ʧ֮ϣȴ͸ſµĻϢûл棬Ϣȴɲġ
꣡
ַһͺȣɫʱ԰ֽǳ͵ĻᦷĲ漴ٶСᦡһģ·һܽߣУȴ̺ſµĻ־
ڣ
ַһҧƺһһɺХĻ֮紫е޷Զ
ˡ
˿̵ַɫ԰ףͷȴһϲһѪĸо˿̵ܹĸоᦣ·Ϊһˣַһζָоͺǻֽһ
ļ̺֮ƻᦵļȻġ
һУǻСưСַУ
֮ͩȻ棡
ַеתĿ⣬漴ַ㿴΢ЦĿ
ַ㣬ƵĻᦲԺȺǸҪôᦾȺǽҪС
ַ˵ͷɸоЩ죬䣬ƾʲôƻᦣ
ᦵƣĹͣллҪʲôҿԸ㣬ǵɡ
һ˷ܵĹâãҪͨΣҪĴʯ䡢еһУЩ͵ƻ֮ƻᦵıɡ
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ַĿһ䣬ҪӵеһжȥǻᦣǻȻ󣬵Ҳû̶ֳȣͲлͱˡ
䣬֪ӵֶͨΡ
Ƿ̫̰˵㣿
ַҲûжŭƽĿ䣬
ҡҡͷǳȻ˵̰ģûаĻǶˣѾǷһңҴԼ֮ѾǶĶˡ
ַôǣԵ䣬û˵
Ҳͬԡ
䣡
ͻأģһɿµɱ֮Ŷַ˲ڿնϵɱ֮졣
ƾֱַһһڹűţնȥ
ߣ
һһɭ£·ǧŭ
¡ľ޴ַֻռȥų֮رڶ˲ʧ˹űڡ
е˷֮ԽԽŨŲصһ磬˸һ硣


0464 ſЦ
ַűֱգĿһɨ̾ͷŵȵӰ
飬ߡ
ַһ£漴ŵһۣն𣬳ַ׷ȥ
˳͸˷ܣַӰЦŲһ磬׷ַȥ
֮ϣŵȵӲĿЩȥӰ
漴ŵȵ΢Щ죬޾Ļ֮ɫףַһ󺰣ߣʵڸ飬ҪֻΪʵַ̫ûӵأΨԡ
ϣԺڼ㡣
ŵȵ͸һĨİ⣬û뵽Ȼ˵ͻȻˣ䱻ַҲˣƺֻʣһˡ
漴ŵȵָһĨЦݣ㾧Ө黹ۿתЦȴȻá
ǿʣһˣҲҪǿĻš
յУӰ˸ǰַӴܣ׷ᡣ
ַĿ⺮䣬͸һɱ֮ҲʶĿֲʵᦻӶββ˲䱻侳ء侳صˣܲĶַ֣ҪսҪСĽ
ٶȣÿ졣
ַĿĮʱȫʩΪһ𣬵ͰѲ䣬ƺûȫ׷ϣĵⲽƺˡ
ַ㣬ҪֻǵֶͨԼĴָɱ㣬αˡ
ַĶУ·ɱַǶַĶݡ
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ֹסַûмӶݣǽĺĳǱ֮ϣĿĮĶ䡣
ַͣҲֹסΣյУЦЦĿַϣż٬š
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Ųһ磬յдźХĽ⣬һնɱȥ
Ҷ֣
һЦԪ͵˳ޣַնĽײһ𣬺¡ը촫֮âԪ硣
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ըѵ·𲻻ͣϢ˶µĺɫɱ֮סˣ񱩵Ŀռָ糣Щ𣬵ʣôĮκα顣
ʱַԼӰʧˣַڸܵԪǿ֪ղһκβ˶Է䣬Ҳǿ󵽳ڹͬʱַһ˳⣬֮أһΣǿҲ׷̤֮أ
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ַɢ˵ַһʹûںַ㣬Ū
ռ䣬һɹɳ֮ȼŻĽҰ֮أȴûлǳַ֣¶֮ɫЩǣĪĶڵصײɣ
ڵַ㵹Ҳû̫Ĺȥעǣģΰ䣬Ȼûȫ׷ϣƺϷˣ˭֪ʱ
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зãַоķǳ΢˶ַĽ£ᦷٵţһ޴ģӭַǰС
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е˷֮ԽԽŨˣôȻ˸壬ҲַΣַ㱣һξ룬ȥԽ׷ַ㡣
쵽ˡ
ԶһƬɳĮ֮سַУͿ쵽ˣֻҪĵطͿʱȥ
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£ַʧôʧǰ
俴ַӰʧ£漴һֱڵĨ˷ųޱǿҵĹ
仺̧ͷգ΢գƺޱȵ
漴ֻʶĿ

վǣͺͻȻһſЦ


0465 

ЦԽԽǿ󣬷·ûֹſЦһɿµѹͷŶѹǿϢַһầȻ֣䣬Ҫ̫ˣѹͿ˫ȷ
䡢¡¡
Цռҵķغ¡ѿһ϶建ڿնȫǿµ쫷磬ۿҵ趯š
ǡꡭɳĮ֮أм䱻һķ϶һޱǿҵĻϢӴ·˳ĺ죬ض·ҪȾ졣
ǣҽ棡
ֲҽ֮ķƬɳĮ·ʧˣȡһҽ棬ڲϵϿ𣬼Ŀ¡
ֹͣЦǻյĿ»棬Ŀȴƽ
䣡
һصӻ³˵ҽ֮𣬾Ȼһ˫۾ſ۾ϸҽȥᷢҽ֮𣬺ȻһͷޱӴĻǣҽĻǡ
ˡ
俴ֲĻǣ·Ѱ㣬
Цôܲʲôֵôġ
³һ·Ļڿռ˲졣
㲻Ƕ𣬶ңӦ֪һڰɡ
ǿˣڣȴȥʲôֵø˵ġ˵꣬Ȼ֪һͨĳڡ
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Ŀ⿴գ漴һޱǿ𣬷·йǺ֮
䣡
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䡢䡢䡭ֻ嶯ĹƬռ䣬·Ҫǳں
ķӡ֮ء磬һҪ߳ȥ
һХ֮ض·ڲ
ʵǿ˹ȻҲã֪ĶԽ࣬ԽʹһҲڵ㻹֪һʲô磬ȴѾľԣҿԸ㣬ⲻǱӡ磬Ҳ磬ֻǡһƬ磡
̾ϢһƮ죬ʱãҪúܶ࣬ӵԣ̣֪ģҲԽԽ࣬Ƭ磬ӵоͷ߲ȥˣƺ߽ԣζȥ
أʲôŻʵ
ֻ빥ĺҵռ磬Ƭ֮ǰҲųȥ˵
ףճɹ
ЦһһһʧʧıӰ̾Ϣһҽ֮𣬻³ȥܿ죬ɳĮ֡

ַƬռ䣬ֱӳ˹֮У̤ȥһµĿо
˶һۣ漴ЦҲһľɣǾȻһƬռ䡣
תǹеĻþַĿ˸
ͻȻַͷųһɷ֮ջ֮ѵ£ƬռѹȥַƮ¡첻ϴǵµĹڶס
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ĸףƬռ䣬ԺǲҪȥˡ
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ѩôַ૵һһѩ¹žۻᣬΪ;ֹ֪ε۹ˣѡ
С㣬μѩ𣿡
κɿַ㣬ʵ
ʶһѩʮŵӣ֮棬Ϊʲô롣
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κɳĬ£ʵЩìܵģϣַ̤ѩ£ѩŹԣӴأֻҪַ㱻۹أʱѩҪԸַҲûôףгһգַ̤ѩ£֮𣬱ϾԼҪˣֺ޷ֻܶ˼С
ǣַΨһĶӣҪַȥսѩҪַȥԸˣ̫ˣκַϳе̫ĵӣѹὫַѹ塢ַѹϢµĵ
ܶʱκҲֺһϣַƽƽһٰȫ
ַ㣬ȻѾ̤ǿ;ҪͣѾ̫ˡ
ַ㣬Ψаǰһ۷̤ȥ
С㣬·ôߣһҪסİȫһжҪΪҺ㸸ף㶼ҪúõĻš
κɶַ㣬
İɣҿûôַЦ˵κɰһۡ
ߵСǰֺɳĵ̵У󣬷·С
ַĽŲͣûȥֺҲ֪зӡƺڲϵԼľҪԾ־ȥڵķӡ
ֺе䣬˵ַܶ
ûԼĶӡڻʳǣҪӱӻ޷𣬻ҪӶˣֺļϣ̫࣬΢Цţ΢Цεģȴ˺ۡ


0466 ƺ
ĸףҳȥߡ
ַûȥֺǶκɵ˵˾䣬κǳЦŵ˵ͷʳˣַ֪֮ӣ˭Ҷַ㣬Ҫһַ㱾ʵҲκɵҲַ̫㡣
˼ǽأ˲̤㣬ַ㣬Ȼĳ롣
ַ߳˼ֺ󣬾ֱһѧԺУѧԺеȺַ飬һ¶۳羴֮ɫ
յѩžۻᣬĿãһѧԺ˴ԵˣûеҲӱ˵Ķһ˲ʶַ㡣
Ȼɾ¡
˿ַ飬Խ˰䣬ӷ绪Ůʥɣ赺ϡ
һѧԺȺȻͣԼе飬ֻǿַˣַǸһĨЦЩϰߡ
ϵűľס֮أַҵ˻ϺͳˣãϡѩҲڣѾλ죬ַƵǣϺͳ壬ϺѩһԶ˲ˮһ߰λ󱳣ַһ
ϣ㿴ôķϣͽɡƺһףڲ֡
ϡϣǻ涮ܡ
ַ߹ŶЦ
Ƶ˶֪ȥңˣ׼ͷ尡Ͽַһۣ˸ַĿ˼ֲͬˡ
գ˵˭ַ㣬Ͼַʵһ潭ϵսѾǣַ㣬ѾԽͷӡ
ңŶ೤ʱ䣬Ϻͳϼֱ󣬺λá
ǱΪַҪԽǣҪʱ⣬ʵϣһ궼Ҫַ˳Խɱ侳ǿޱȣ侳صҲɱ
⣬ַ㱾ıƺҲֲܿ
ǺǣЦ£ַϹģַ㣬ʲôҪģܿڷԸǡ
ַĿ¶һĨ֮ɫ漴ָϵ۹䶾ֻǴ۾оܹ˼
ϣõϷԸ֣λǰСįʱԸ棬ַһֱַҡͷЦ
Ϻͳϵ˵ͷ˽飬Ҳˡ
ǣַ㣬ʲô͸Ͻ˵ʲôֹһ
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ڣѾʱˡ
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ַ㣬ƺھ˵ѾЩƺռݣɽкܶŽǣΪƺɽںڷ룬ǿʱڷŵĳɳвСĺô϶ַ㻺ڵ
ַ΢΢ͷҲ˽ƺ
Χɽգƺκ˲̤벽ɽط֮ˣڳ룬ղɱ⣬Ǳߣƽں󣬲ȺսƷͻݳǣˣĵѩɽׯǰѩɽׯ·;ͣ£Һǻϡ
ַ͸żĮ֮⣬磬ûйնǴѩɽׯڡԼ֮˽ƺڽתۼ쵽ʱ⣬ѪծѪˡ
ôˡϵ˵ͷ²˳٣ַ㣬ҺͳϹͳɡ
áַͷӦһϺͳֱ뿪ûͣƬ̡
Ͽַ㣬ͣ˸һ·ַַһɳġ
񣬾ϻǵյַ㣬ֻ侳صʵƺڵŵжСģַǰƺ̨Źԣһ̤ǿ֮·ַ㣬Ѿӵлһ֮ʵ
ַ㣬ѾԽ˵ƺڵϹ裬ƺڣַи
ῡˣʮ껪꣬绪ƺʷǿţû֮һƺ޷ϸˣƺ㲻ѩˣˣǻ
ǵվҲ˵Ϲἰƺʢ˥˥òʢǰƺڸν˥֮ʱձԻַ㲻ƺڵԴַ㣬ܷƺʢһʱ
һУҪʱȥ顣
ַ㡣
ʱںһַĿתϣֻдżˣЩ
ַ㣬ҲҪˡ˵˾䣬ַ£漴ָ糣޹ʣΪĴθ֮ˣҪͱԼߣôùȥҪҲ֮С
ַ㲻ԣ˵θˣѾѩ£˻ʳС
θ󣡡ַĿһθθڵţɽ۹ǳǿԶѩ¹ܹģǾȻҲѩ¡
ų֮£Ȼ㶼ĪҪἰӶģƱѩ¹θҪѡ
ַһַͶĽӴΣĸַĸоɲ⣬ַ㣬͸ģųǵʱ򣬶Ľǿ߹ɷĻǶˡ
ģŲߣҪѩ¹ʳǶԸһ
֪˵ͷų֮£ҲἰҾ͵ʲô֪
Ǿͺáַ˵ͷҲʶһҲϣʲô¡
㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡Ŀⶢַ㣬ʵ
ַƬ̣漴³֣ء
áЦ£漴ַ߹ûдκζô뿪ˡ


0467 ʹҹ
뿪֮鿴ַ㣬뿪ҲֻҪһ
ַЦ£΢΢ҡҡͷ
ϣҪҪݳǣȥһƺڡַžʵ
ֱȥƺڣȻǹٺǻϰɡЦ£ҲƺڵһӣȻֻŵӣƺڣ㽵ļ䣬ƺڵĻҲһֱиۿƺڸˣȻҲԸġ
Ҳãѩȥ˼ְɡ
ҲҪټһѧԺˣһҲûбҪ
Ƕηءʵ
ԼһѧԺһѧԺ⻶ӭַ΢΢һЦηͻҲǧ˿ƵĹϵ츳ǿΪ˵ڵǱȽʺϰַԸöηԼӴ̫࣬öηԸȥӰηǰ̡
Ҳáϵ˵ͷѩһʰ£漴ַһ߳˹ű
һѧԺ·ϣַȻⲻ˳ΪĿĶַЦ
ַ㻹ṳ̂һѧԺֿһϤӰɽ
ϣԼǰƺСһЩ飬ѩȥ˼ַ֡˵һɽַ֪Լֻˡ
ַ㹫ӡ
Ȼɽ΢ЦǰȻǳַġ
ַͺáַЦΪӣЩϰߡ
ַ㹫ӡһǽַүɡɽҡͷЦַүžۻ֮գʵĿãɱӣնѩˣѾ˴ӱѡǰ˴ӻδϵĽ棬ٱӦѾǰ˴еһλˡ
˴ӣѡַҡҡͷʱںҲ嫵Ĵ½жǿԼţڵڼӣֻӰԼҰ
ǶʵĿ϶
ɽЦΪ³ǰǿ˴ӣѩ£ߵҫɽַжģȴǲںַ㣬治ں
Ҳַ㿴صģֻЩӵʵǹӵ
̸ЩˣǶ𣿡ַ㲻Ը˵ʵ
ɽÿһγ֣ǺͶйأش˴Ҳ⡣
ɽ˵ͷ٣ӵ£ǵþá
˻ַ
٣潭֮žۻ֮ӵвμѩʸѡҲôλɽ۹ҲǰһЩŵӣƺǿˣӵѩŵʵΣ֮£ѩһȻҪΪɽ۹Լ׼һᣬѩӵܣôһ棬ΪһֱڣⳡһֱƳٵڻûоУɽ۹Ǳ߶ʼԹԡ
ɽЦַÿն˼ֵȴ٣ٳûмһһѧԺұ̸֪ͨһӽᶨ˽ϣûѯͬ⣬ͬʱҲϣܸ硣
ɽ۹Я֮ǰΪѩ¹׼һ˫һǱȻģΪַ㣬ľƳ٣⵹ַΪ⣬ɽĻԼбֳĿڸַ㣬Ӷģַǳӡ
ɽҪ˼ַȻܶ
ɽתӣԻ׼ʱ硣
ַЦŻӦɽ˵ͷɽлˣȻˣɽиǡ
áַ˵ͷ漴ɽַ΢΢Ƿ뿪ˣɽıӰַĿȴ˸һ˿âɽ̬ȣȻǰɽǶӶģԼҲζŶĶԼء
ԭһУΪҵҵĸס
ַаһǰ಻֮ҲȻˣĶãΪ֪һ˼֣ԼǰʹԼ棬һìܣԼɱСǰȴԼĸ·ϵĵٳֻɱ
һжǰźһΪϵԼʱվڵĵطĸκɵĵ̣κɣôɵҷȥɱԼ
˵ų֮£ʱ˶Ψʱ𺳳һ򾡣Ψõ֣Ĵˣ̫ˣָĲʵĻֶΡ
ԶĶַҲƣֻ£ǻ
ųǣǽӶжߣͻظҵ˲֪ǺˡַͻȻ뵽һ֮ӰǾĸĸ
ȥĸףӦ֪ɡ
ַʶǿУֻƽԲʶԷȴϰһ֮ｻԼ̰ͼӦĸѲпˡ
̧ͷַ㿴һɫ漴˵ȥɣȥʹһˡ
Сĵ㡣һַ΢Цŵ˵ͷ˴εĻʳҹ磬ѩɽ۹˶ڣǴ֮Ҳûӹ֮ǿƼ
ңЩĦҲ⣬ѩ¹ͬΪɽ۹ȵŻ棬᲻໥Ͼ
ڰΣַ㵽ģһҹз⣬ɽ۹ҲԸ˴βμѩȵıѡ֮˷¹ʣĦײ⣬ֻʤϣĦ
ѩȣɲɽ۹һ۹ѩ۹ҲЯԵĸսѩƴһʢ£ĸ۹ԼһʶĿ
ŵ۷ʵǹǱڽϾЩ츳ǿ꣬ǹ֮δǿǿ
˵˵ͷȥѩȥ˼֣ǰƺڷľʵ䲻ǿڻʳ֮⣬ҲǸˡ
ַ㣬˸ֱӳŻʹȥ


0468 Ұѷ
ַ㲢ûɽĵص㣬嫵Ļʹֻ֮ƻʱַ֣ûȥѯ˭ڻʹϿշУ·ͤɽӺ
ϤϪַ֣峯·ȥϪ֮⡣
һаŮ˲˸ַߣڿַ֮Ǳ˾裬Ȼϵַ㡣
ҹ𣿡
һŮŮֱַʵַ˵ͷ
Եȣȥͨһ
Ů˵һ漴Ϫȥַվ棬Ϫȷ羰ףһҶ߹дš
ûƬϪǰһӰϴЦݡ
ַ㡣
Ҷ˵ĺȻַܹǳ˷ܡ
ԱߵŮǵƽʱŰĹ۽ǵĲãԼ󲻷ļɵöһȻĿַ㣬굽ʲôħȻǹħ㡣
ַ㿴ŶҶϵЦݣҲͬһĨ⣬ҶЦƺܹˡȴһеķǳ
ǰַ۶Ҷͷ΢Щҵķ˿ЦҾˣαҪܳ
ҶƲƲ죬Цҡͷǲһ
ʲôһַ΢Щ
ȥңңҳ㣬Ҳ㣬ȻͲһˡҶЦһַֻĸ첲ַ㳯Ϫȥ
ʱղǽȥͨŮ˳Ҷֱַ۴߹ɵ£漴⼸ŮһۣЦҡͷ
ǵĹ£ǳˡ
Ϫɽ֮һͼͼ
ַ㣬㿴ҵĻûн
Ҷָһַͼʵַ㿴ŴСһԼЦҡͷұ˺ÿˣҶαҪôʱȥЩ
㲻ҿңҵȻֻܽ㻭ۣͺܿһ
Ҷ˵ַиһů⣬Ҳ˿˿ΣҶĴָ
ԺˣܿңʱɱҡַЦ˵
ʲôʱȢҹš
ҶŲͻȻַͣ۾Ŀкż顢ڴ
ַ£Цѣͽġɡ
㿪ЦġҶЦ£Ŀתûٿַ۾ȴ˵ȢͺˣֻܴߣҾѾˡ
Цȴβ˶Ҷеһʧ䣬ʧ¶һַ׵ʱѾˣֻҪַܺһѾˣû֣ҲԹֻҪַС
ʵҶ뷨ܼ򵥣ϲһˣҲô򵥡
ǰַŶҶ֣΢΢յúܽöҶǵЦҲԽĲ
ҶӾҹ磬ɽ۹ԼˣԼѩµһЩˣºһȥɡַͻȻ˵öҶ΢΢£漴ַģ
ѵΪһƭ𣿡
ַ˸Цŵ
лл㣬ַ㡣ҶĿ΢죬΢Щʪ󣬴˿Уů
ҶǸʲôַҶȥ۽ǵ⣬Щεĵ
Ҹ˰ҶԼҲ۾˼ȷʵܸˣַ˵ȥμ磬ԹݶȥַŮ˵ȥ
ңյ綨ǷǳģѩһҲһЩλ˻УַΪҪǰҶַˣ⿴΢ԶҶԣȴһϿɡ
㶼Ϊô࣬ٶ࣬
ַ̾Ϣ˵ϿɶҶԣҶǰŮˣҪѣҶǹ֮𣬶ʱַ㣬һݳͳ֮⣬ֻһЩ츳ó׷Ҷˣʵá
ȻȴЩͬˣַ㣬κɵĶӣκɣܹģ⣬ַ潭֮ϣҲѩĴڣѩº˲ʶַ㣬ַ㣬Ѿܹ϶Ҷˡ
ҶַĻǳЦ£ȥԡҡ
áַ˵ͷʱѾ˶Ҷסɽ丮ۡУڶҶҵĺһʯרŵȪԡأ־ƣҲΨһЩŹŻˣҶǹ֮ȻҲ֡
ַ㣬Ұѷ硣ҶһЦúϲķΣͨҺ󷽵ʯţȪʯҵУҵжԿʯԼ㡣
ܿ죬ˮϸ΢촫ԡ֮ƮַĶУַޱȣҶԡȻûнʯŹرգҲַ̫˰ɣ
ҶͲ͵㰡ַƵ˵˵־ͣǿԡˮջ̫ˣǻ޵롣
ֲûҶЦַ˼㶣·صĦԽϽɽص龰Ժӵĸ
ݵĹַȴоãҶ߳ʱǳЦмֵƤĿַ㡣
ַЦѣǰˮܽصĶҶ߹ֵţչľ֮ԡĶҶ϶·һĹ󣬺ˣϴŵȻҲ
Ͳ㶪˰ɡҶЦַв֪ǺζҶ֮ȴӡ
Ҷվߣһоѹܴ󡣡ַҡͷЦ
ߡҶַ㣬ǰ§ַĸ첲һƢŮ˲䲻ӿַıϢУַԼıӣס
ַ㣬߰ɡ
Ҷ
ߣַЦָָɫ㿴⵽ʱ𣿡
Ҷ£Ϧӳ븮ۡУɫûкڣöҶһЦЩˣڹȥûпʼġ


0469 
ʹɽٲˮɣƽﾲ׵ɽϣ˿ȴż
ʱɫѺڣҵеƻͨɽûеƻΨ¹£ӡٲˮ֮һưɫټɽɽһϴĹ⻬ɽԵøżΨϢ
ַͶҶһߣɽ£һʿңغɽǷǳټģȻΪ粻ţڴ˵ء
ҶЩȻֱӷУżͶַĿżַ֮⡣
ȻʳѾ˲ʶַ֮Ψеʱ潭ϵ˲ۿַ㣬ЩʿʳǣȻȥ潭ϵģ˲ʶַˣ͹ܣЩôԼʡ
ǧ֮ʹӵ׷ȴ⣬ǴδȻǻʹ֮ȴùҲ֪Ǻ
б֮ϣַƺ֮ܵ˵ķĿ⣬ЦҶ˵ҽҹ᲻ὫʳǵЩŹӵܶɾ
˷Ҳˣ༸Ҳ޷ҶЦַһѩݸ߹ҡŵȣһѩǿǶκβַ㣬ҲȻܣ˶һЩˣַԸû
ַҲ˶Ҷ֮⣬ɵÿЦˣȷʵ̫ˣǱȵģҪǿߵĵ·ͱȻһ·ľ谭ǰУЩǱزٵģǱƣ·һҪʵǣΨն
Ϊ㣬ֵá
ַЦöҶĿһͣ¹ϣеø˼֣ӡ
ɽйǰһ޴䳡¹վǣϿֿժǳĸпվڱԵ¸᲻һɽСĺ
䳡й֮䣬һͤʱĹͤѾвٵӰڹͤĵϣÿ˵ǰڷźƼȡ
һЩλǿˣƺûеҲûжƷƣżһЩұ߼ʵĻ
ģûλ֮ϣλ·£ѩһȺ
ڶĵѩ˶棬ӰǰߵӰÿһ˶âûаϢ͸¶ȴ㲻Щˡ
ģĻӣ糾ˣʹ֮
ʹǿӵܣͬѩ°˴һֻԷһˡ
ڶ׷λŵʵȻϴżָ߹֮ˣɽ۹֮ˣɽ۹ʹһˣθһλϣɽ۹ʹ룬һѩ¡
ڶĵȼԼʹµλãŵȺҲͬǵλǷˣѩһǹţɽ۹ʹҲθǿߡ
֮ͤˣûһݻ򵥡
ȺΪǣڶĵԱߣһλǿŵģһֱûƺرΪ˭׼š
ĵ£Һܺ棬ǼˣǲǽҪλõˣ
ʱ糾ָŶ׵λãһƽǷпļ˼Ͳö֪ˡ
ǸˣֻǴ˶ѩΪҪҿܻǲμѩȵѡҲòˣʹܹĵΪ
Ķλɽ۹ʹ΢΢Ƿǳ˿ѩȵѡȻΪʹĶУϾѩȣʵҲΪɽ۹
ҵǸӵĺ棬ʹԼθǰȴ˼꿡ܣʲôˣھȻֳٳٲ
糾ֵ˵˾䣬мֲá
Ҳ棬Īǰ˴֮סѩ̫Ӷ޵ɣˣͲӦλòŶԡ
糾λõ˿˵ʹڶʹʵǿһҪʶһѩΣ̫Ӷ޵Ϊѩ°˴֮ףжţ˴εһʹûʹǿȻҲʶһѩǿš
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ĵĻʹ֮Ŀһ˵һ򵥵Ļȴڷûʸö޵档
һ˵ѩ¹¶Ҷɣҵ˵֮꣬ȴδзĵ¿˺ʺϣǷұ˹顣
ʹҲ˵һöѩºĿ¶֮ɫˣȻҪǵĹȢߡ
ѡлĻһλſһɺ⣬ǳƽ
ʱŲҹ䴫ĵ˺εΪȻŲϸ΢Ҳ˵ɵöбͶȥ
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һ漴һٻӰб֮ϣ߹ʣûоεգʹе˶һʱ£Ȼûϵѩ¹Ĺ¾ò
ǸоЩɷ羰ǣڶҶԣһ꣬ƺǳܣпһ
ַ㣡
ѩ¹˿ַĿ΢ַ㣬ͶҶһģҿǵĹϵͬһ㡣
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ҶȻĺַйϵңȻ¹ϵ
ַ㣬ʱͶҶߵһַߣѾһʥӵŮ
˿ַĿⶼ¶֮ɫһƺ޸Ҳ̫˰ɣߵŮһ˵ĳڣʥɣҶˡ


0470 
׵λãѵǸҶԤģ
ʱַͶҶַͤŶǸһЦַõ¾õˡ
Ŀ˸Ȼû뵽ַ㾹ҶһȻԣǺ¡
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λãǸҶԤϵģǸַŵģôһֱƳ磬Ϊַ㣿
ҶҲͻкһû׼λãͺַ㼷һɡЦ˵ѩ֮ĿⲻƵĿַ㣬ģƺϿˡ
ʵַ潭ϵı֣ԼĳݵǱȻ֮£ֻЩӵԼŶûлǰַһûʸƽƽģȻڣĽַ㰲ǵλãһ˹飬ַܲˡ
ַԼûн飬ߵĵλúͶҶһ𣬸˼ʡ
ɽ۹ԼȺҲַ㣬Ŀ˸ǴˣöĽǸãһֱƳ硣
ʹλУһӰǣĿȴһֱַͶҶˣˮӷ˿˿ɫַ㡭
ҶƺоʲôĿ⳯Ǳ߿ȥľһԸеŮӣɵ£漴˵ͷ
Ůǲ뿪ַ߲õҶЦĿҲһͣҲһ˿ȻЦ⣬漴ֺݺݵĵַһۣѹһһԼ˼ûˣ⣬澹ôòŮӣһѩ¹֮
ַҲȺһۣΪ׵ˣꡢһ꣬һĿɲ⣬ˣ糾Լʹ֮ÿһصĿ͸ŷֻ۾һ⡣
ʹ׵ˣҲûһߣһЩпļˡ
Լף塢˫١ѩӣټ϶޵ֵԼȥĴӣˣΪյİ˴ӣڰ˴塢ڰ˴ڰˣѩߣ񣬴ȱ
µһˣǶгƷȻһһֱΪ͵һսҲʾǿʵҪսһѩӿ¶ʤ
ǰһԼʹˣǴ˴εǣλá
ѩ¹Щŵ棬һЩݸ߹Ⱥǡ
ѵ룬Ǳ㿪ɣڴˣλһɽ۹λǰǧѩ¡ľƱλõ˿ĵȺҲ׷׾ٱɽ۹ˣѩһһǲԸġ
ȻڶƣѩΪĸλſٴξٱһŷ糾ʾ⡣
Ļӿˡ糾Ц˵һͬоơ
Υѩ°˴֮ûܼ޵̫ӣΪϧܼλܣ糾֮ͬλһ
糾ΪĻӣȻҲʧľʹؾ˴ӡ
һʹ˴ûҲڳߵľ磬Ϊѩ׼һͬˣѩ֮գȻлһġĻӦ˵ʹ֮׵ĵһʹԼ˴֮޵˲μѩȣǱȻ֮£ѡѡ
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޵ʲôΪ
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Ŀ˵꣬ɽ۹ˣɽ۹ʹ˵ʵȻͬСɣӦԼѩԱȵġ
ʵҲ֪ΪΣȻҪҪǿ̫ࡣĿ׵
㱣عһ޵ʵʲô磿˼׷ʵƺ԰˴֮סͬʱѩ̫ӵµĶ޵ʵǳ档
ʵϣɽ۹Ҳв˵޵֣Ϊ޵ȥɽ۹һսɽ۹ǿߣÿһսʤ
޵Ʈƺֻս˵ķݣҪҵ޵ȴѡ
عƵĻ侳أߡߡЦ˵üͷһعƣ侳ء
˵иǷ˻˻죬һ⣬侳ؾ磬ѾǸ߽侳ǿˡ߰˾أڸ߽ף޵̫ˡ
潭ϵĳȺҲ΢΢Ȼһ֣ϼ£һܹ⣬ȫɱ޵ѾðԵ޵ˡ
һʹҲӵ侳ϵʵһ˿ڵƺΪԼ
ȻšЦ˵
αû˱ԣĵ£֮ˣǵգ㻹δΪǽһأĪǳ޵̫ѩ֮ˣ
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ĵĻֱӽҶˣöҶ¶һĨɬ飬ϷһĨ֮ɫǳЦףֵ˸Ķ˼ַ㡣
ʮǰĴѩ£λҲŰɡĶȺʵ
ɽ۹ʹ΢΢ףӿڵ˻ʵºţѩ£ɽ۹Ҳкպ˻ʵ£ţ겻ɽ۹Ҳ硣
ַǰţ˻ʣȻɽ۹ǰǿ߶Ͽʵ츳ɼʱ֮


0471 ҪĶ
Ȼˣѩ¼κɡԼһţҲ츳ףˣȷʵѵһšʹ˵ѩ֮˸ой⣬ĴţϾѩµˡ
˿̣ѩ¹ͬΪɽ۹ȣȻа֮⡣
ʹǰѩ¹ҲϤĿ˵
ҲʹҡҡͷžֻһȣֻҪѩŹâѩ򣬶֪ԶĽҲĹ¡
Ⱥ͸ŷ֮âҫȻĶ
Īַ㣬յĴйϵʹЦĿַ㣬ʵ
˻ǻˣֻͶ޵йϵȻַǣϣڽַʱἰѩĴţȻҲܲ²⵽һЩַеĳλѲ˸ϵ
ЦЦַ㣬Ĵ֮κԼ֮ӡ
ţǵ۹ʹĿ΢ѩĴ֮Ȼϣһӣǲ֪
ѹˣ׻˵Ȯӣַĸĸţַ츳ҲǸһȰɡ
ҿҲ侳ʵңǿ㲻ʲôһ˿ڵ˶
ȷΪ侳أʹʵ֪˹ܹ֮µĿ˵Ϊ磬Ϊˣһ۾ܹ˴νҲرġ
ᳬ侳ء˿϶˵
ǺǣһΪǺţԭֻŸĸҫǾõȼգôӣŸĸûкúýˡǵʹַ㾹Ȼֻ侳Ϊͣò˵òץסᣬȻҪúõĴһѩ¡
ֻ侳أҪɱȺ޽Ķ֮ˣӦò̫ѡַ㽫Ʊϣһ죬Į³ʱ΢һЩᣬ˲
ȺַĻĿⶼһͣѩ֮˼ַ񣬵û⣬ַ侳ؾ磬Ϳɱ侳֮ˣַ浽侳ΪҪɱʹĩβ֮ˣҲ治̫ѡ
һЩɫƵĿַ㣬侳ضѣſʹĵʹӵ侳Ϊ
ȻˣҵҪһʹĿĮ˳ַ㾹ҴԲѣ˵ɱ̫ѡ
Ÿտʼλ԰꣬ȾƲ꣬һ裬д費٣ȴֻед裬Ǵɷ羰
ǳЦһֻ˵Ƴ٣ȴҲûַֹΪԸһʹѣǶۼ䣬ٳ֣ʹ
˵ûûɽ۹θĳϴʱҲ˵ƺǳˡ
֣ʱԶйУһӰƼȣһȺˣһףĸ¹֮£λ֮С
ЩŮӣһˡ
м׼֮ˣʮָ޳ָⲨһȺˮ֮Ϊˡ
ģܻ¡
Ⱥһ簲ͤǰϴĿյأ¹ֱܹ£˵Ŀ֮УղŵĽգҲһʱ嵭ࡣ
ҲϧҶֶŮ˻٣вࡣ
ʱһֱûпڵĶ˵һöĲĿ΢ҶѵҲһ㣬ף
ѩ£ٵ裬ǰ
ЦЩֶ֮˼֮ɫ
ǹΪҵȵһ裬Ȼ¹ʧɫɡʹ֮ʹŶҶĿ΢мֳ֮⣬һԵֱַӡ
ҶĿһͣûнӿڣȴַĮɨһۣ֮ˣ˲
Ҷ֮Щ˵ĵλҶҪҶȥ裬Ҫ̫
ѵɽ۹ʹǰԼθǰˣһҲΪѩ⣬ûʲôװɡǵʹٶ˵ɽʹԼθǰΪڡ
ҿý֮ˣɽ۹ʹԼθǰڴˣôȥ轣Ϊˡ
ҵĽ˿ġʹ
裬ʲô˶ʸ񿴵ģЩԼʲôݶˡַĮɣȴû˼ȥ͡
ǺǡЦҿ޽һ轣˿ңһ侳֮ˣ֪ߵغ񡣡
Ҳǵһţ֮ѩ»ʹҳùģˣȻ
һЦЦ˵ַ֮׵
벻ҲϹʹҲҪʶһѩ°˴ӡ
㻹ûʸô˵٣仰˵ָָӷ糾׵ĵڶʹĿһ֮ڿռᣬøղǵʹɫһ䣬ַ֮ˣʵǿ
ǵڶʹ䵭˵ַ˵ʵɱʹѣʹдһҲ١
ߡЦѵΪʹһʤ侳صַ㣿
ԣַԳɱҲѣȥҶҪַдһȻĻעΣ
ʹӿ˵
ҪʲôַĮĿ
ܣ빫һܣԸ轣ʹڣĿֱַ㡣
ַûش𣬶һƣ漴Ʊ£㣬ʲôʸᲢۣ轣ѵԸ
ߣҰҵ£˵ù裬ǱǶҶĲ衣ַ˵ʹʤҲܴӦԷĶעöҶ裬ַ㣬ҶʲôˣĶע
ҪģҺ
ַĮ³һɱȻ


0472 Ѫ
Ҫġ
ַĻһȺͷȻһĿַ㣬һţҪ͵ʹ
ʹ̫Լˣַ㿴ʲôʸöҶȼ۶עĻǶԶҶĲ裬ַжɱ⡣
ѩһ˶¶Ϸ֮ɫȻǶַܲˬԵʹѩ£蹫ɸַ㡣
ʹǿҲǰѾǳַ㣬侳֮ʱɱڿѾͻƵ侳أԸʹ֮ĩĵʹӦⲻ󣬶ܺúɱһɱЩ˵硣
һȺһĮĶַ㣬ַ㣬Ȼ˵Ҫ͵ʹ
Ǵʱĵʹɫѿ˵ַΪ߿Ҳֻ侳أַ㣬ڶףƺܶĵأʹΪţȻһʵǿţǿԽսģַ㣬ͿܹԽսˡ
ҵΪ侳أսԽͨ侳֮ˣΪҲ侳أԽսҲֻսʤͨ侳ضѣҾͲţʤҡ
ʹа˼⣬ĿһĨâ˸ַ㾹ҺǾͶ
Ŀ⳯ŷ糾λõɽ۹ǰȥʹĵǰʹѩ£дˣκ̫ҪҶȻˣҲֻӦĶע
ûӷ糾Ȼ˵ѩһĺ޷ӦƺĬַ糾ֹϲˡ
λɽ۹ʹĿ˸ַͷ糾漴ĵ˴磬ô໥̽дһҲ޷Ȼ֮ˣСڣìܣಫҲ֮£ξһ
Ⱥ׵ĻѾˣַͬʹĶעΪע˭ʤ˭˭˭
ɽ۹ȸ磬漴ʹĵѩ£ĿľҪѩ¹˭һЩ˴εѩȣҪģֻڵǿߣ̭ҲϧٶԣںʵСûмֵҲˡ
һ㣬ڳ˶֪˭Ҳ˵
áʹصĵͷ漴ַ㣬ĮӦս
ŵʹĻ³΢Щᣬøѹ
ﬣ
һ촫ѹֵ֮£΢ЩңҶѣҲȻֹ
ͣ£ЩŮҲֹͣ趯һ΢Щʧ룬֪Ǻá
ȥɡ
ĵ˵һʱҲ
ЩŮɴ⣬΢Щæ뿪ˡ
ʹĿ⿴ַ㣬һĨֱӴŶַ㡣
ҪʹԸ㡣
վʹ˸˲Ϣͳ䳡УٶȷǳĿ졣
ɡʹĿַ㣬
ȺĿȫַϣǵʹʹѾӦս㻹ĪǸղֻǴԲѣȴֵ˲ɡ
ַĿɨʹһۣ漴建վ漴ĽŲ̤ڹͤ⡣
䣡
Ųһ̤ʱһŶڿռŰŵʹȻȥ
ţʹüͷ΢£漴Ц˵Ȼ侳أϢͨ侳Ҫǿˣ侳رϾ侳أһսҪˡ
ʹĻ£ʱͷųһɿµϢ侳ǿӵеǿϢڵʹУҲһĨ԰֮⡣
Ȼַ㣬ĿƽĮŲٶǰһ磬һƣڿռᣬղŵǿϢһ˳
ǿţַϵϢֲָЩӵ侳۷ǿ߲ŵơ
ַ㣬츳Щ˶ϣַ䣬ӦñȵʹҪἸ꣬Ѿͷ侳۷֮ˡ
ַֻĽŲ̧漴¡һ񱩵Ϣռ䣬·𶼱ַ֣ڡ޿ײ롣
üͷôַ㣬ֻ侳صΪŵ侳֮˲ӵеƣܿ¡
΢֮
һ޿ײڵƣӦ΢֮΢ޱȣӵǧ仯
ѹַôˣ侳ؾ磬ƾƣ侳֮һսˣǶԸʹɲ
Ƕ͹ˣƾʵҪҵЩʹЦ£Ųһ磬ֱַ֮㣬һɴǿ֮쫷Σ˺ѵķ
ʹˡ
ʵǾǿһɡ
ַͷϣһɽ⣬ʼš

¡¡ռַĽŲٶȿ֮ʱȺĺݺݵ¡
ǿĽ⡢ǿɱ
ַһϾӿ޾ɱϢȺġ
ַ㣬һɱ֮ŵʹɱȥΧΨнɱ
쫷ĵʹҲͬһ쫷˻·΢ЩɿµĽɱƯ
־֮ģڵʹӣÿ£ʱַ㣬̫£ɱ˺쫷磬ɱ
ٳǰˡʹгһ쫷ֹס֮ͣƣ漴תС
Ȼѳɱ䣬һ֮⡣
á
ʹеֱվĿȫһ漴ֻһĨɱڻռ䣬ֹס쫷ͣµʱ򣬵ʹٶȳȺС
δ𣡡
һ죬ȺֻһѪӵʹϵ䣬¹֮£⻬ĵ֮ϣһĨ˵ġ
ȻǶˡ
һصڿռ䵱УַվɽɽڱԵŵʹ֮ʱʹҲĵȥ


0473 Ӧս
ʹˡ
ַɱֻһ
ѩ֮ˣϵ֣Թ̣Щ⡣
ַʵȻֲˣɱ侳صĵʹֻҪһңǶף⻹ַȫս
ȺǣĶַ㣬Լڵϵʬ塣
ʹܳλǿߣѩ²գѩ½ӷϴ統Уһˣûеѩ֮գͱѩµɱˡ
ѩ¹ͬΪɽ۹͸̥ڲǰ˫֮˶ţΪʤȻڣַһնɱʹȺϳһ⣬ǵɫһѿ
ַ㣬Ȼɱ˿档
ѩ£ܺãȻűôҲͣѩ¹ôɱʹǷӦиʹʹĮ˵ַ㡣
ǡѩ¹Ⱥ£ղţƺһдսİɣʹַɱǻҪЦ
Ҫ𣿡ַ㿴ǵʹɫŨŨķ̣˵νţ䲻𣿡
ȻҲΪˣòʹôһˣȷʵסַЦһ˵һַͣԣöòʹôױɱһˣⱾһǿҵķ̡
Ҳֻ⡣ʹǿʶȻܳʹǷˡ
Ϊ⣬ǿսһҺսַͬ㿴ŵʹĿƽĮֱսʹ
ѩ°˴ӺʹֱΪ츳ǿĺַ꣬룬ʹʹǿҲڵĵĸ߶ȣӦúѩ¹˴ӵߵʵ൱ҲԼɱĳչ
չʵԣٵʵַ㵹ǲַη塣
սʹһΪʹԲѷַͬΪ˿Լ֮սܲȫʩΪҪõʹȳԼսʤսܼǱ
˵Ŀһַ㣬ɱ˵ʹ֮󣬾ȻҪ͵ʹſļһ
λļˣҲĿⶢַ㣬дЦɫ꣬˼
ܵõĵʶԼҶŮӵķģַȻӵԼĹַ֮㱾ҲѩĴ֮κԼŵĺˣĸѵһţ̫츳ӹɡ
⣬ղַսʽҲЩ֮˰ľ
ַ㣬ȷȷʵʵֻ侳صľ磬ǵĿóַս֮ʱÿһشƣǿѹȣ֮֮
ţڡ޿ײ룬ƺû֮㣬ַ·΢ۣ΢֮
ַơ΢һǳɣһشڽУ۽⡢ɱһЯ֮ƣһնɱʹ
ַʵףɲ⣬˻ɣַľ磬Ѿ̤˺˺һ֮侳Ϊ侳صǿϢ
ΪˣЩԥˣһζ֮սַ˵̹Ȼѵַûž͸ս
ǣ͸ַʵ
Ϊѵģǵʹνﻢ¡
ղײ͵ʹ˵࣬ҪöҶ裬ڣַɱʹսӦӦս
ΪʹеĵʹΪ侳۷壬ȵʹҪǿ٣վҲֻ侳أַɱ˵ʹǷɱ
ôĻɡ
ʹʹĮڣѩ¹һȺ¶˳Ц֮
ǣҪг֮ս𣿡Ŀڵ˵Ϊѩˣ
ҪսĻһսɣʹǰźս򡣡
ĻԷĬˣҲ֪ΪʹȴҪԸһ侳صˣⱾһƽս
һȺ󱲣νûпֻЩȴηܵˣȺˣҲʹΪǡ
ַ̤һصԼλ£ֻҶһЦַһơ
ַ㲻עΪԷҪҶΪעŭɱԷڴˣҶ΢Щж
ַעЩַ֤Ҷܲ㡣
Ϊַɱ˵ʹƵʹԵЩӲͻȻһĬУ˭ûп˵ֻЩȺĿһ˸·뷨ֻûб¶


0474 ־
λôнһƷȣҲѵã߶һѣ¡
ɽ۹ʹأЦ˵һ
˸ߴҵˣҽɽɽ۹ʹƱܹſ棬ĳңȸΪ
ɽ֮ƣΪҲ׷׾ٱ
λθҢ࣬ұ֮ˣɽ۹Ĳſ巣λԶӴһ໥ָֽ̡
Ңͽ巶΢΢ͷȺҲ
ˣλ⣬ղδĵҲ˼ˡɽЦ˵΢΢ͷĿ⳯ԶʾһƬֻ̺һȺŮӵಢǳ
ֻϧղڣʱѩ¹һˣһĻ̥
Ʒǵһλ֮ˣֻű֮ƣֱߵַߣʲôҲû˵ֻǾٱַһЦ
ϴ֮£δúл㣬ȾһɡַױƷб£漴ƷЦ£ͬͷȸɱоơ
ЩС¡ҳݣǽգôһϣǵ˲ˣұ㲻ռʱˡƷЦ£漴žƱ߿
Ʒһ߿ӷ糾ַߣƷ֮ⲻԶ
ѵüѩ¿ܣȻһ־ɱʹ糾ַһЦѣȻ˭֪ķǣϲŭɫĻΪַ㰵Ըпһʼ֮ˣȻм֮
糾˿޲ɱȴܹ¶͵ЦݣַʵĿ࿴
ʹԣ˻Ҳߣβɱ̫档ַЦ·ɱʹΪ˷糾롣
ô˵ĻǲӦҪлŶԡʹ͵ʹǰĮĿַ㣬һ޵ѹйַֻ֮ϡ
ܵüѹͬʱַĮһЦһεɱд̳
ꡢ꣡
֮ʹ͵ʹеľƱֱӱѣ֮ϣǵ΢ա漴ſϣȴҾմȾ
˵Ŀ⽩һ֣佫ϵҾĨַ㡣
ȾƾͺȾƣλα棬Ʊ޷ѹļŰ
ʹ͵ʹδڣַ˵һȺĿⶼ߿ѹƱѣȻǶ˶ַʩѹַͻȻŻʹþƱըѣͬʱ⧲֮£ñ֮ƽϡ
ַ㣬һҲȺа˵ֱַѹͻȻѾƱöԷĿˣǵʹ͵ʹû뵽ġ
ȻҲַĽַҲʲôĿˣֻǿ߶Էѣ֮ˣȥװʲôѹ͵͵ѹϣַȻҪķ
ƺҡʹϵ죬˵˾䣬ɳƵ̺һ޷εŭ⣬ַ㣬̫
ʹֱַ㣬Ϣͷš
ǺǡһЦֻǾȻߵַߣٱŵʹ͵ʹЦλĪҪ⣬ʹ͵ʹַ㣬ַǹǼںȻһЩ֮£λܹ⡣
ңղַҲԵʹֻǶ¡ˣһַǿ֮ϷŪҶַŭ֣顣
ַһһз·Ϥ㣬һڶǵϣĿ͸⡣
Һʱôˣַ㵭˵һ³һ֣
ѩ֮˶һȻַ㣬治
ƺͲںһ֣ĶӶַɱˣһ֣ʲôֻҪַκδۣܸ
ö˼ַĿâ¶ӶǣֻνЦ£˿ĿģѾﵽˡʹĵʹ͵ʹ֮⡣
һУڹҶϡ
ֻҪҶַǿˣַҲվΪҶͷ
ʹ͵ʹЦת߿ڷ糾ȥ˶ǱߣƺĵΪͶһԺѰ㣬˿ˡ
ʱӰͬʱַ˹ַΪ⣬һˣһˣɽ۹꣬巡
롣巷ǳĵȡ
Ҳߵַߣַٱ㵹ǹĺܿӵұġ
ַĿһ漴ЦŮˣʲô˵
巶£ַʶңĻУƺһĨζ
ַӵұѵ˹ҶбŮˣĻһﵹ޸ǳҶҶĻȴɫ糣
ַȴǽ˻ȥЦһҿɲġ
˵գַԵĶҶ΢΢ͷ£һﵹǺøܹõĻġ
ҺøŶԡҶһЦһڣĿһĨ֮ɫܸоĿУ·мֶ⡣
ŶҶ˵ͷ漴ɨַһۣףˡ
˵գת뿪Լλȥ
뿪֮󣬽ߵַߣֱַҲǽޣ
ǣҲûн֮꣬ҲʲôޣֻһЩѡ
ַǫѷ˵
ҡҡͷĽѾ̺˽֮־㻹ܳΪޣǸöߡ
־
ַĿ¶ɻ֮ɫҲ˵֮־֣һֱֵ֪ʵ塣
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巵˵ͷַǳȤ侳ؾ磬ӵ˽־ֻƾɽ־ַԽս˵侳أ侳ؾַ㣬Ҳս


0475 
־Ϊ֮
ַе·ʲôһֱڲ⣬˽һǽ֮ռ侳۷廹̫ңԶ
Ҳ˽һֻһʼ
巣Ϊɽ۹ˣۼʶȻҪַģַ֪࣬֡
˵Ѿӵн־ַָ㿴Ž巣ʵ˿̵ûаֻ̡
־֣ͬĽޣԽвͬ򣬵ͬĽ֮֮־ҲЩǿ֮ˣͬʱӵмֽ־ղͷŵĽ֮ɱƺûнɱõ£ǹɱʵǽ־ɱ־
巺ַһַȤɽ۹ǿ֮Ҳ٣滹ûмַԼΪ磬򽣵־ģңַԼ֪
ַ츳ȵģʵϽ巼ַӵ侳ǿ֮ˣԣý巾̾
ˣһ޷־ţһЩ侳ǿڣſܹӴ־
ɱ־
ַĿ΢һʦ࣬ɱеĺɫ֮ɱ뽣Уԭɱ־ĵ
Ҳӵֽ־ַаһڹ۽ϣշ쾭ת̫֮⣬нԼϦ֮ӦҲǽ־ɡ
ѵΪ־˱ӡھŽڵħӶʹħڣ
ַͻȻħƷ龰۽֮˲٣ΪħȥѡҲĺͽ˵Ľ־йء
־֮ϣʲô磿ַʵ
ǺǡЦַ㣬΢΢ҡͷڵҲ̫˰ɣ֪Ȼӵн־ֻһֻ֣һ־
־ҲֵȼַĿ΢еĺԽԽ
Ȼ־־أӵһؽ־֮ˣɱͬ޽־ĽޣԽսؽ־пܹɱһؽ־Ϊߵˣ־ߣʣҲɱˣ־磬Ѿ޽ҡ
巻˵Ϊַһ磬ӵн־ߣվǶɱˣ̫ˣӵ
ַûнӴǰһֻ򽣣ҪΪǿ
ʵĽ־֮ϣ¶һ˿Цݣ֮ЦݣߣһɽնϺֽһŭһǳأѪɺӣǿߣܿ߼𡣡
塣ַĿһ˵־֮ϵľ磬ǽ֮壿
ǽ֮ˣԿԼİ壬壬ָڽ֮򣬵Ȼ㡢ң壬̫ңԶ
巻˵ߣ̤˺һĳһ򣬽֮͸͸ҪǿޱȵʵΪܵ壬ǿߣ඼ߡ
ߣ̫ǿˣ巣
һߣԳưһƷ۹ѩʮУǰĴڣּնɱˡ
壬߼𡣡ַеϽɽУǾ߲ʬ壬ǿߣ侳ֳߡ
Ǹ𣬶ַԣȷΪңԶ
ȥЩصֶΣߣԽѪҺѪˣֻҪӾ㲻ḯ࣬Ѫһֱȥ
ѩ¹ĻҶμһֱ¼ңǾΪӵѪųʢ˥һֱưѩ¡
⣬Ѫѣ˵ǿߣǵΪѩ¹ָ
ʹ廹̫ӣ˶ҪϹϾа
׷塣ַе漴ԽһЦллЩ
Ҳ˵ԺҲ֪С£ҳݡ已һЦΪ˽־һѩȵ̨֮ϣҵ㡣
巳ַƱһЦ
ַ˫ʾԽ巵أˣ츳ȻʹеĴˣȴûа¶ƽȻܺദǺ츳ǿ֮ˣһҪаڹӵһǡ
ַһƣ己أԻصԼλַĿ򻺻תʹеļλ⼸ˣͷβƺڶĿⲻƣַо·д̰㣬ǳ
һȺӬַһЩĿⶼ΢ĮĶַ㣬һ̫ĿˣûнʹС
ǰҶò˫磬ʵԼˣҶ輼ǳͨʹٴҶһΨˣǴҺúһ裬Ҳѩ¹һˡ
ʹЦЦ˵żֵϷζ˸оܲ
ĿһͣóʹȻǲǰǵĻӦҪַսҪȥսַ㣬ֻҪʵĵϷһҶɣĻʵǿַҲɻΪ˳ͷ
ʹ˵ĶԣǰҺòѩһأ֮裬̫ϧˣĵºҶҲôСɡ
ʹ˵ϷζԽԽŪӷ糾ЦЦƷƣ·֪ڷһС
ڸղַɱʹ֮£ǶУ棬Ҫһ
ҶЩԼΪڣϵĳϷŪɫ΢Щÿַ㿴һۡ
ֻʱַ㣬ɫ΢ľƱֻķȥ
꣡
һ촫Ʊľ֮Уһƴ̶ַ֮ϣһ⣬ͷţӡ
Ȥ𣿡
ַ˵˾䣬̧ͷȺһĨڰ⣬һš


0476 һ
ַ㻺վûȺֱӳ׷ȥЩѩ֮˶ɻ
ַ㣬Ǻ⣿ǵĿⶼַ㣬͸żֲ֮ɫ
ܿ죬Ǿַ֪ǺˣΪַߵߵʱͣվǣӸ£ү
΢΢̧ͷַ㣬ĿĮ
ѩ£
ַǸһĨķЦ⣬Ų΢΢̧漴¡
һ촫ǰڷŵľƱԼ̴ľֱѣַ̤˽¡
һĻȺĿȫһ
ַ㣬ðԵĽţ̤֮ϡ
ҲĶַ㣬˵ʲôȴһ仰˵κַɱǣչؿޣ֮Ϊ֣Ϊȴѱַϳ
Ҳַ֡
ƣĪʱԾ֮𣬼ƺڣóѪ̤ƺϣܹƥС
ʱַ㣬ڶǵУֻһϣЩ츳ڶǵУʲô㲻ϡ
ǣƺַ㡣
оĦԽ;Уݺַ㣬ַٿĪ磬ͨ²֮ʮʿ磬׽Ҫն
յַ㣬ֻǱŪڹ֮С
Ȼڣַôվڶǵǰһţ̤ڶǰĺ̴ľƵľƱýɷĩ
ҲʱĶʶַ㣬ѷַ֮㡣
ڵַ㣬Ѿվǰÿκεĺֽţȥ̤
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ղַǵķ֮ЦǲʶЦݣַһ棬ַѾںˡ
֮䣬ݵĺ蹵ַ㣬κ֮ӵѪꡢ˫꣬ҲѪ֮ȴϡݣַǶģͶôð񣬸վߡ
ˣֻǾĿһĻû˿˵Ȱ裬ַǵĶԹ
ЩԹַ㣬ҲҶԣڵַ㣬жЩѾûʲôɵˣ˵һ죬ַ裬ʱǾ²̨ˡ
ҪΣ
ڿڣĬ˸оѹֵնʱ̨Уɴż⣬˵Ŀ⣬ַͶǵϡ
ҪΣַЦǣǼĶԹݣ
ǣնӵ磬û㣬Ϊӣǲң㣬ܿЦû㣬ȴңŪĻҶϣǣҪ˵˵
ַĻһƣڶǵϣŪĻַУȴ
ǵɫһһ󣬱÷ǳܣȴ²һ仰
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ǣУ㣬ֻǸ֮ˣ֮ˣЦ㾹ȻҡַĮ˵һգ֮һ㡣
˵գַ㻺תȴ¶ǵĿ⽩Ӳǣַ˵УֻǸ֮ˡ֮ˣ
ַ㻹ԣ֮󣬻Ҫɱ
ǵУͻأķһ־֮⣬ַ㣬ҪɱҾЦԼҲַĳԹжôһ֮һɱ֮ޣַ˵ݵˣݣַˣֻܻһ
ͻȻЩ֪ǧټҪַ㣬ַ֣ѾӵɱҸɱˡ
ߣ
ô˵͵͵ߣԺǣţҲˣңˣַͻŹʳޣҪԡ
Ŀⲻͣ˸ţͻȻЩڸղŵĳ嶯ȴŪСЩ˽ϷҶƳַ㡣
ַ㣬ȷƳˣַҪԸģȴǡ
ַ㲢֪˿̶ЩʲôҲûȤתһԵģ֮ˣʹ
̧ĽŲʹǰͣʹѾɱʹĩβģǵʹ
ַ㣬ǰ˴ӣҲûȲʹպգ磬Ȼʹİ֮ˣַ㣬ʵãҲҪվġ
ַվڵʹǰĿڵѩ¹ַ㣬սʹ£֮սһս
սַ㽫Լ̧ͣʹȴڴʱսңս
һĻȺĿȫһַ㣬һ
ʹҲַͬ㣬ǵĿ˸ʵȵʹǿҲǿַ̫࣬һĨɱʹӦҲʤ
Ӧսֺܾܿ
ʹ£ӦӦսַʹĬЦ׷һ
ʹַʣɫѿ漴³һûȤ
ʹĻشַЦˣЦݺа죬漴Ҳ³һȴ
ʹʹųʹѷ
ַ֮֮ԣһɫѿޱȣַ㡣
ַҪǶţŲ̧λÿһַ㣬վʹߡ
ʹ
ַ䵭һЦѩ¹ַ㣬ڶΣսʹ£սһս
ͬͬĹ壬֮ս
ַսʹʹܾ漴սʹ
ʹɫһѿޱȣַ㣬Ҫһ裬һʹĶ⣿
ǵʹپַܾ㣬᲻һսʹ


0477 Ծ
ʹĿһͣĶַ㣬ַ㣬ڶսս
սǲս
ʹҡˣһβսѾַ㣬սڵʹܾܾܾ֮
پܾľͲֻһ˵ˣʹ
ųܣַһѹƣҪǣַΪ侳ء
һΪǶҪǿսǣǲսö֮ȻַΪǻҪսǣǾܾܡսҲһ仰ַ˵ʹһֱ˵ʲô
ʹһԵĵʹַ㣬һսȥˣԽԽǿַ㲻
ս
ʹڿڵַЦһ
սʲô˵֮ʱţµͷȴųʹֶһܷ
ŨŨıַ֮ӵʹ߹Ŀ˵ʹ
ַҪѩ£һ˵֮ʱûʣޱȵʹжôųܡ
ѩַ㣬սʹս
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˶һĬΨַصȺĶĤУַ㣬һ·սʹѾսĵˣһΣʹսǲս
ǵʹսĻǰģֻеڶʹԼʹˡ
˵Ŀ⣬˵ʹϡ
һΣҪսˡ
͸ŷâѾ˵ʹûвսɡ
ս
һ˵֮ȴǵʹĻӷ糾
糾ڣõʹս
ʹ糾ĻĬ£ַ㣬ս
ַû˵ʲôһУѾҪˣʹ³ս֣ѾڴԼʹ
ΣһĴΣַսʹ˸ս
ַܰߵ˵ʹߣɫôƽȴֱ䣬ѩַ㣬սʹս

ȺһĿ̣³ַ㣬ս˵ʹ̫ˡ
ʹʹǿߣַȴ˼ɣٶս
ҲһĿ⽩Ӳַ㣬̫ˣԼ
ʹѾ侳ؾǿڣǲţ侳صַ㣬ܹԽս
ַ㣬Լ
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ʹ˵£ɱŶַȥ
ųôãڸսӦսˡַ㵭ĮһЦ˸ڿ䳡ϣֶ¹£УƮ
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һö˵ʹԼַǣƵľ磬·ӵн֮ϢŽ⡣
ʹΪޣַ㣬ͬý
һ㣬սųֻǣҪĸƯһЩʹ˵⸡֣ıǱĺֱ֮ӳʣ趯ΧŵʹХת
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硣
⶯ַ壬һ磬졢쵽޺ۼһιռ䣬ûпֲĺХû𺳵ķ֮ŭ
ַ壬ƮƮ·ûһڿƮҶȴ쵽һ˲͵˵ʹǰ
ַ΢΢һָŵʹȥָ⽣ХһĨָۣ֮͸ſֲĶ֮
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͡͡
һ죬ַָ֮ڵʹϣ˺ѣڵʹؿһѪָӡֻһ㣬ָ֮ʹš
վǣХŻصʹУĿⶢǰַ㣬գղһʱ⣬ַˡ
ˣġ
̵ַ˵һõʹһַ㣬Ľ˵Ľˣ
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һͺȣʹĽ̳ǹ貣ںڰռţǳ
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ַͺһֲĽ֮ɱ΢Ψйɱֲޱȡ
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ȺսˣʹӰâĽǹ⣬貣ַĽκλڣΨпµɱġ
ַΪûеʹǿɱ֮⣬ȴƷ·һɺڰɱĹɱ֮ƵС
䣡
ʹĽַǰǹ㣬һɿµıըǵǹдâᱬѿ̺һذ
ַŲһ磬¡һ죬ĺڰɱ֮ûһУûǵǹ⡣
ɱ֮ڰ֮ԽԽ¡
ǹɡ
ʹٶһȣһ֮Ǻۻʣ·֮⣬ն䣬â
¡¡
ַĽŲٶȿΨкڰɳڿп裬һС
նһŭ֮ڰ֮뻮յǹٶȽڣ֮ҡ
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ʹŰĿռɱ飬ϴǦҫһУֻһС
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ڰ֮âն¡¡Ļ籩ϯգʹɳǰƱҪɱַ㣬֮ƣɴն
Ȼڴʱĺڰ֮⵱Уַֻĳַϣһĺ
ַƾĳŴնɱµĵʹһѹֵµĻϢʼӶķ籩γɡ


0478 ̿
֮ռеһУ޷ɷ籩桢
֮ںбûǹʹɫӲ¶һĨֲ֮ɫÿ£Ҫһж
ǰַԪڤԽ̤˼еƬռ֮󣬺˻ǵĻ澧ˣԪǿ۵ڤøˣʱַ㲢ûнȫԪ۳ɺѾԽʹˡ
ˣ
ʹûսͷǹ⽣ɿµĺ֮£ֻб𣬸ֿˣΨˡַĹ
ڵ֮ն£ѳɣ䱻𣬵½֮ɣҪתѡ
תơ
ʹŭһһبռǹ֣֮徹潣쵽˼飬һʽǹ⽣ǹӶ֮á
ӵõַǹһĨЦһ³
磡
֮ʱ΢縡ֱַƮƮģ衣
ǹ⶷תȻڷУַ˲Ϣ֮⽫ʹ֣õʹִټһնһֵסǻ֮⣬˲ϢɵӰ٣ַڰͫв󣬵ʹͷһѾǰһɿ־֮⣬Ȼ
͡͡
һ촫ʹĿ⳹׽ԼţַеĻȻֱӽؿڣš
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ʹһ뷨뷨Ĳˣ漴ַںˣԽԽԶɫĻ棬Ѿ嶼סյͷ
зһ˻漴ɫĻ泹׵Ľûֻ˲Ϣʱ䣬ʹˣʧˡʧӰ١
Ⱥ۾ĶһĻ𺳣ѩһһμĺһθǿˡ
һĿͣĺʹɱˣʹַС
ⳡײûʲôһʹ޵ֱֵ֮ӱɱˡ
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彵ڵϣַعɨһЩ֮һۣ漴Ų߳
ડડŲھ׵ĿռԵøһƻ˶ڶַĽŲַ㣬
ַĽŲڶʹǰ֮ͣʱ˶һַ㣬ҪսڶʹʹУڶ֮ˡ
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ַվڵڶʹǰ˵һȺľֹȻַģսڶʹһ̫Ҳ̫š
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ڶʹĿĶַ㣬漴壬վǰ֮ˣû
ˣսôೡˣĪҪ˺ʱɽ˵һĿ΢ɽĻԵЩαѾ˼ˣֹսȥ
ϾڶʹԼַ㣬ǿκһʧɽ᲻ã˲Ҫֹ
ַ㣬ˣλðɡ
ɽֶַ΢΢ͷַĮɨ˵ڶʹһۣҲûмֻ֣ǿ˵
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̵Ļһɫѿַʵжǵ
ղַţɱַ㣬һжأ˷糾ֹʹ䲻ҪַսΪľǽַʹɱ
ϧʹûɱַ㣬ַһĨɱΪַֹúõĻصԼλ£ʹмս֮
˵˴ʹѩ£ݣҪԵϷڣȴɨأһһ仰˵
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ʱ糾ɽ΢΢˵
ɽŷ糾һۣȻ֪˿̷糾˵飬»ڡ
Ļӣο
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糾Ҳеˣ˰źйǰԼ糾µס¡ô֪ڸճˣҲ˳ɽͷ糾˼
ĵ°ɽס¾У֮˻δúһѩ»ʳǣ㲻ڻʹˣ׼Ĵһ
糾ֱӾܾ˶ĵİţȻ˵ȻɺǳЦ˭֪˿̵֮˺ѩ֮ˣìѾ޷ˡ
ʹǿļλ꣬ȴڻʳҹ統Уһ裬ìܣ޿Э
ҲãλĴߣѩ·⡣Ц˵ǵһĨЦݷ·ʤߵģô
ˣҶɢ˰ɡվ漴ߵɽߵǰҴλȥйסء
ɽ΢΢˵ͷͶһ뿪ߵҢͽҲһ뿪֮ʱַоɽͽ巶Լһۡ
ߡ糾Ų̤漴ֱնֱ뿪Ҳ׷׸ϣһԡ
ҶȥַŶҶ˵Ҷ΢Цŵͷַϣһ뿪
ַһĺâıӰǶǡ
ҲֻǶַһۣȻ뿪ûкκ˴к
ҹɫУǴҴҶУŲǳĿ죬ܸоƺڰж
ԣַ㣬ͶҶȥˡаοԼҹУַ˵ҹ֮󣬻ˣܸоЩ·ʲôҪһܲ·ֱŵĸо
عͷʱȴʲôûС


0479 ѹ
Ŀ˸£תȥŲڵһ̤Ԫ֮˫ţڿն̤С
Ǳٵĸоȴʧٻڣ͸оԼһͷҰ޶ţڡ
üͷţ˸Ƭ̺ȻתһɫӰǰһ˲ʧˡ
Ѿˣͳɡ
ǿ˵俴һɫӰӣȴûп̫
һӰӺĻлĳ֣ڿնöǵһǵɫӰ
ѹ֣ѹбҰ޶ŵĸоˣǰģȻһͷޣϢޡ
ų֮⣬ϴ̣µ޵Ŀ⣬ɷ˿һ۾ͷ·ܹоĿ¡
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к˸棬ַ֪ܲɵģַɱ֮˵ʱ˵֡
ַ㣬Ȼ涢
Ŀ⳯ȥûˣַƺڡ
ңղַҲȷȷʵʵȥͶҶˣм٣ôҲַҪԸˡ
΢һ˿⣬Ȼ䶯ˣٵ뿪ٶȺܿ졣

һХ֮ͻȻ漴һХĿ΢΢һعͷǵһ
ַ㣬ַҲˡ
Ҫ뿪ĽŲȻֹǶַ
ַû˵ֻǾĿĿż⣬˫ƽͫ׵УʲôҲ
΢紵ϵʱ򣬶Ǹо˿˿Ϯ⣬䣬е䡣
ֳַĬоѹֲַֻ֣֣
ڣЩ޷ѹ֣һ漴Х뿪
֮ʱҲûһƺַ棬ûи
ǵٶȺܿ졢ǳĿ죬ڿзһξͣź濴ȥĿһ
ַӰˣʱַϣƽĿǰûпղŸоڡ
ÿµٶȡ
棬ȻûжооȻ޵ٶȱܶ࣬ⶼܸ
ȻҲǱȻģӵޣɲǺһԪ֮߶շУİ裬滹Ϲޣٶôܲ졣
Ӳ𣿡
һ涢ţ޷ѣַʵҲѵգѩүҪеУ
㵽ʲô˼
䣬ַ㶯ֲֻ֣һֱĵ׵ѹָԽԽǿˡ
ӦǵģǿµĳĬַȻһԣֻôеĲͿ־вϵ
棬Ҳһһ޵Ŀ⣬ѹֵüҪϢ
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ȻתٵļۣԪХ쵽˼顣
ӣڶǣֻѵַͷޡ
µľɫϵı仯ţǳ˻ʹڻʳǵϷնУûпһֻۣԵǰۡ
ڣǸо˺ܾãǰһΡĽ
ѩʥԺˡ
ֱ̤ʥԺУһߵĽͣ£νѩʥԴʥأһƬԪ
໹ʥΧ˿еӰĿⲻɵһԺǡ
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Ⱥе˺ޣ֣һһޣƺ׷ǵԺ
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潭ۿǴεžۻᣬַҫ֮ˣѩº˲ʶַ㣿
ѩʥԺкܶ˶ϵַ㣬ַһ֣ǾͿˡ
ַһͷµޣǵԺǡ
ĿĶַ棬սֲսһֱңҪʲô
ȺɫƺѾܻȻлһ˿Ŀ־޷ס
ַĿڶǵϣĵôңһɱ㣿㵱үϵȥˣ
̶ַöǵĿ⽩ӲݣַʵǰǸЦӵоԵʵȨӣҪ˵ү
Ⱥ˿Ƕˣַ㣬׷ǵԺǿԺܺ¡־壬ηַ㡣
ƺЩЦǵԺȻһѧԺһӣʵˣѧԺţЩŵӳɳһѧԺŵǿ󣬶ַ㣬ǽһУƾַʵ㹻ǵԺǡ
ĬַĻʲôҲ˵ϣ
ʵϣʵԷϣ
ݡݡһֻӰڿնվ˶ǵߣַ㣬Ŀź⣬ЩˣѩʥԺĿ䳤
ǣ·ٴУַ㡣
һ潭ϣַѾ֤ʵǿ󣬶ַĮƺָ˼֣Ȼֱӳ嵽ѧԺҰˣ̫ſ


0480 ϣ
ַ㣬̫Ŀˡ
ѩʥԺһһ궢ַ㣬Į˵
ַɨһۣĿˣʵ˭ĿˣǴƺĿпˣǺʮʿԩַ㣬ûʣĿˣ
ĿˣִΣ
ַ㵭˵һĿһַ㣬ȴ˵Σѵɱַ㣬ɱˣ
һˣܹʤַ㣬Ψһ𣬻һϣ
Ժһ֣ɱ˿Ŷǣ˵˿ǹˣ侳ǿߣ֣ҲܶԸַ㡣
ȻǣȴһĬһԣ֣ɱַ㣿
ڵַ㣬ɱһ侳ͽ֮ˣȫŰɱѴ֮ͷޣɱ侳صˣҲŰɱ
˵ǰַ㣬һֵǿԶԸˣ죬һμʶַǿ󣬾һʵ֣ϣ
ַ㣬ɱ侳֮ˣɱ˵ǣǿҲ侳ضѣһʹַֻҪһ͹ˡ
ǵĳĬɫһƺеһ˿⡣
ԶǻǺ˽ģ°ԸϺɱ˴գۣɱַ㣬һͬһ֣ǳĬ֤һµʵһϣɱַ㡣
ռ䶼һĬѹ֣ѩʥԺ˿գһԣ̲סһ˿ĸо
ַ㣬ɱѩʥԺˣȴûܹԸˣַֻһˣһͷޡ
ν齨ѩǿƺҲһЦַ㣬һ˶Ըˡ
Ҫɱң
ַЦˣЦú䣬ҪɱҵˣҴĴ㣬ȻҲ⡣
ַ³䣬˻һ
棬ɱ
ַ³һһԪڿգ淢һͺλһӰ˳ȥ˫ȫ׹⡣
졢˸ٶ̫ˣ˵˲侳أǶٶȱ˲֪١
ֲԪͷţֱӶһƣֻצץ˺ԪֱץؿڣȻƮ˶㿪ǰȴһѪܵĿӣĿġ
䣡һɹǿҵϢţ϶пԵԪӿ֣ǳǿңЩѩʥԺ˼涯ɱǵˣͷųԪ
˭ҶǺΪУҾɱ˭
һЩ˻һӿԪ˼֣й
𡭡
һ֮˵ҪɱַˣűץѣɫɷףǳѪȡ
棬ԽǼѪȣԽӵķֹͣ˸һӰһ죬ȺȻķ֣˵ԴˣʣѪܵ壬˶֮
ọ̀
棬̡̫̫ˣֱӽǵĳϲбŰɱˣͷ­ҧ׺ݵĶڲͣĲ
ǸоǣˣѧԺеǿߣһһĻķû˸ֹ
ΪַһĻŵǶվǣλһĻǶоޱǿҵ衣
ǰԼѩµһӶоҫڣҫȴһıʳѧԺϱɱˣ˶ţ̸ʲôҫǳ裬޷Ĩȥĳ衣
Ҳǿʵַʵ㹻ǿˣһ˳ɱѩʥԺö֮ɱˣɱǳϣû˸
ԺΪ˿ԺԼЩѱܻġ
淢һͳĺȻصַߣƺ˷ܰ㡣
ϹޣԶ塢Ѫ˳Ѫܴ˷ܺʹ̼
ǣ齨ѧԺʥԺоɱ𣿡
ַĿ⿴ŶǣĮҲϷʡ
㵽Ҫʣδ֪ģԶ˿־壬ַһֱ׷ѩʥԺҲһֱɱеѹ֡־壬ڡ
ôַЦƺڵʱѵû־棿
ǵȻûƺʱƺˣȫɱˣһЩ츳õˣҲѩʥԺУ˵ַһˣƺѾˣƫƫַһˣ־أõģʵ˳ϡ
ģҽ첻ɱ㡣
ַֿ˵һö΢΢һַ㣬ɱ
Ȼַ㲻ɱǵҪʲô
ôɱ㣬һҪۿƺôģѩʥԺͻθ𡣡ַƽ˵ΪƺڵĸѩʥԺ𣬵Ҳ㿴ѩʥԺĸƺڵĸˡ
ַĻһַ֪ҪʲôˣôҰģַ㣬ȻҪƺڣҪѩʥԺ𣬺͵ƺڸһ
ȺҲвַ㣬ҪѩʥԺ
㲻ɹġǶַ
ַȴЦˣЦøţɹ
ܿͻῴģҲڼ֮󡣡ַƽΨеȻǿϢƺڸˣڱС
ϹԼƺȥ֮˵ϣҲҶԱϵĳŵַƾеʯ䣬öƺݵʯ䡣
Щַ㣬ǷƺڵģƺڵˣַȥǵϣǵļУȫַϣַ㣬ܲƺζԵЩΪȥƺȺ
ʯ䡣
ǿöָԭַѾƺţͻȻһֵĸоƺڣĿַܻиˡΪַϣΡϣ


0481 ʮ
ַˣĽ٣ȥ
ѩʥԺһַȥıӰַܸ㣬ѩʥԺ߾ߣɱѩʥԺһϡ
ң⻹ַһĽַԸ⣬Щվеǿߣûмܻš
ַ㣬ɱΪҪۿƺڵĸˣѩʥԺĻ
ҹУһͷޱѩ»ʳǵգϵëǳ֮ɫԵø
ַıϣǱŵģ˿̣ȴͻȻſâ˸
ַ㣬Ҳһͳ޺յͣ£ǰ
һڵӰĳַߵУȺȫնУޱȣȻȫ侳ǿߡ
ȺַǰʱͣνַΧסһƶĿĵâ¹ҫ۵ĺâг¹ı
䡢ʱĿռ䣬䡢˵塢ǡ
ʮλ侳ǿߡ
ַɨȺһۣһʮˣȫֳֺݣ濴ַ㡣
ʲôˣַһȻûָԷܻش𣬵ôҲҪһЩ˵ݣиеЩɡ
УҪ˵ɳݵģ̫ˣźҲʮ侳ǿߣ˵ʮȫǳֵǿߣܣźңụֵ̂ǣ֡
һȻģǣǱôǿ߽ѩ¾ڣڻʳǵнɱѩ¹ѵϹӣ
Ƿ糾ƺҲûôΪѾõɽϿɣ糾ɱԼҲҪǲŵɱֶμʹɱɽǱ߷糾Ҳý
ַ㣬²͸ʮ侳ǿߵʲôˡ
Ҫˡ
һһ˵³ʮ˵ĵͬʱ𣬷죬֮⻪лζȫһ㣬ַдַܴۣ۾¡
۾˲䣬һĺŶâ˸յУǰ࣬ȫǺ֮նȥ
κһ
硣ַᶯƮȻ飬쵽˼顣
ĺ֮лһϸ΢죬ռ䣬š
һ۵ĵâַ΢΢Ʋ۾Щ˲Ը棬ֻɱ
ĸ֪УַǰңȫǺ⣬ʱƺѱΧסˡ
͡
ϸ΢ַŲһһɽ£һնɱϿԼǰȫǡ
Ҳ˲䣬ִһɭĸо޷ȫԸ
Ųһַ̤ɴ½Լһǰ̤ȥҵĽնɱһǰǰ˶նˡ
кü˲ϣͬʱŹ󣬴ַ㣬âȻһ㣬һɷޱȵĵţնɱһС
¡
â뽣ײһ˺ſռ䣬һɿֲľַ΢΢һ
󷨣ʮˣȫõһ󷨣ϼľˮйͨ
ͣ
Ͽա棬ǵâĺַϣ䣬ƺ׼ַƬ̵ļ϶ϵع
һɿֲɱַ֮Ŷַͫױø䣬䡣
Щ˭ҪɱҪ
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ֲ֮п͵ľţɫ󣬽Χնס
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ô棿
һ˿˵˾䣬Щ֮˶һۣʮˣһ٣ȫϹΧס
һȥ˵һ
񱩵ϹԵüıŰҲǣ˲ϢǵȫסûˣͻȻʧȥУ·ʱ侲ֹƬ̡
ѹʱȻķ֣Χ˲ˣڵƺһεУΡ
Ź󡣡
˵ͫ׶һǵȻϵãǿ˻ֻˡɱˡ
ַվ󷨵棬ǰ󷨣Ŀ˸һ⣬Ųһ磬漴ֱӳһ˵ǰһ
ڣǶַ㡣
ң˭ַĮʵĿ˸ȴûпڡ
˵ɱŲһ磬ַ˲Ϣ˵ǰɱ֮âҫۣԵֵһˣܹסַɱ֮
âûΨɱ֮ǰʱܵĿ־壬漴ɱ֮𣬱
ַ㿴ûпһۣŲһ磬ֵһɫεУеĺ֮ˣɫͬһ΢ԵЩ԰ס
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ַ㣬ĮĻӦַ㣬û뵽㾹ȻܹþŹˣ´Σɡ
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ɱвϵĽţһ侳ǿ߱ĨɱַĽ¡
ʮȫĨɱյɫʧַվյУҹУɱ㣬Уȴûаĵ֮ɫ
Ѿ¶κ֮ӣĿأɽҲϿЩˣɱϾޱȣȻһǿֲǣûһ˵ǵǺˡ
ֵˣܿ£ǵıվŵˣ¡


0482 뷢
ѩ£ɽ۹ˣʹѩ£ȴڻҵҹ統Уַһ裬Ĩɱˡ
ڵյĺҹУʮǿ߲Χɱַ㣬ȴȫûټԲ֮ҹ潭֮ϵĶԾʳǵУƺһɰǣţ˶ףɰͣʱܱ
ڻʳ֮⣬뼸ʮ֮ңȴͬһ𾪵Ĵ·Բ֮ȫˣϢȴûô촫ʳǵС
һգѩǿһڣ֮֡
ڣǰյԲ֮ҹ潭ϣ֮ԼǿŴӶַһɱˣȺסһɢɳ
һ죬ųѪսڣ֮ѪɺӡţѪţ
һЩԼѵ⣬ˣȫɱˣڣѪɺӣɱĲҽһ֮òƽϢ
ƻ裬ѻԼҰӥڵϿż£߽øõʬ壬һ޾֮ӡ
Ѫ
ʱ֧ɱѾԶȥڵɽϣһӰվǣѪɺԼʬҰĲֻͷһֱĺ⡣
磬ѪҪѪģǵȻ֪֧ʲôˣѪݳͳַ£ַ㣬ƺڵӣ꣬ƺͬɱƺʬҰѪɺӡ
ַ㣬ծˡ
ƺڵ츳ӣѾѩ£ȻҪѪȴϴĳޣڣһţֻһʼ
ʵҲڣһֻһʼ
ھ֮ңƺɽɽĻ̻̣ɽгڣͨڷȺӵĳڣطȫˡ
ѪƺɽʱգգƺɽϵȺһ׼ߣȫҪ棬ΨȺſ뿪ȥ֮Ѿߵòˡ
ߣ˭
֧ɱ˵ģ˭ŭɡ
ɽΧѪﾲĴǣĿƽĮ뻮һȴûһ
ȺѾ߳ɽȴδ뿪ԶȺˣҪѪǷҪƺѪɺӡ
˿̵ƺڣ֮ϣ˶һ֣̿Ĳ־岻ϵȺӡ
ѾΧˣǲ֪ȴԼĽʲôǼٵģ֮ܿ֡
û˲ηֻе˿ᡢе˿أĽ٣˵־壬ǲܣ֪ԽԽֻܴ޷뿪ֵζ˱ٷ񡢾
֮ϵˣڵˡбѩɽׯˣҲһЩԼѩʥԺˣǹϷƺﵱǵĻ֮һƬڽɭڷɽشǷǳջģÿһŶһŽ
ڣƬɽȴΪɽߣ߲ˡ
ʱɽеȺͻȻǷһƺڵķϿȥ֮¡¡ɳ
ѪɽˣǣΧ֮Ҫ
ˣڳһӣ˵Ѫڱ˳һȥλķϿ֮أȫ̤š
ϿȺԽԽ࣬˻ңȫˣеĿ־ԽԽʤǵȻҪɱϿУȻһɱ¾
֪ΣϿȣֲѾ̤ɱǱѡ
ڣټϿȱȺռϿȫˣ̧ͷſϿȵϷһĿ⸩¡
ЩϣȫżһɫĮѪɱ
˵ںݺݵĲսһĻǺơ
켸ƺ䳡ǰһôʷ·ݡ
ϿΧŵȺǳѪ¿շ򣬱ϿеˣȴƺڵˣЩƺڸˡ
ƵһĻȴȫ෴Ľ֣û뵽Ľ֡
ռ䵱УһƬšѹ֣ԶһХ֮촫ܿ죬ȺͿյгӰ
һˡһޡ
ˣῡ㡢Ʈ
ޡ֮ɫĿ¶â塢¡
ˣ̧ͷеӰ
µޣӢꡣ
ȻȺ𺳣Զ޸ǿҡ
ַ㣬ˣڿµϣˡ
ǰֻƺŵӣһ̤侳꣬񣬸߸ϣͳ졢Ѫͳ˧ֲ̤š
ƺڻڣַҫ
ȻŲڣµģֻǻޣַֻΪ
ַĿⲢûп·ǿƬϤɽһĻĻǰţƺģΨбѪծֻ
Ŀ⻺תַ·̤ϿȡϿһƬ̨̨
Ͽַ̨ϡǵԼ̤ϡ
񣬹ʵΣȴ˷ǣЩϤӰѾˣƺܿ׷ɱ龰ŲЦ뱱ϵĺЦγĶԱȡ
ַĿɨϿеȺ·ЩˣַУϣͺе˵ַһ
ַƣľʱ뻮һɱ֮ӣ֮ȫϿ֮С
ϿеȺԴϵҡݣЩǵȫǿ־塣
磬Եûʴ֮ģѪܸѪġ
ַ£֮ʸƿն뷢


0483 ƺ
յУ飬Ψмʸա
ϿеȺ̧ͷǽϿȶҪֵļʸĿⶼһͣƺ־嶼ˡ
ˡˡ
ʸ䣬ԽԽ˵ڶĤУͬҲǵ굱Уǵڲǵڲ

Ŀ־֮ڿռ漴ĲҽСİ
ʸϿȵУսʼ죬һĻ·ֻеעˡ
ң⻹ǵһһֵ֧ʸ£һ뷢ֹգעǻ֮գضҪ֮
ַվ֮УϿȣޱ飬˵Ѿľ
û˿𺳵ĳܱƽַҲܣֻվҪֻ򣬾ҪеӦĹ
ǵѻߺַ㱨ַҲԹѭͲ֮ʱǷ޷նģΨһ㣬ɱֹɱ
ּʸ£ϿеȺȫˣǵѪ·Ҫ۳ɺ涼ȫȾ졣
ˡ
վеַ㵭˵һʱ˵ļʸЩʿǵĿôļͣûκα顣
֮ˣ˭ܲɱ˭ûѪοȺˣͨľʿǳѪţÿһ˵УѪ
ʮʿҲûмЩ˵̫𾪡̫ݡ
ԹҲսԶоԵӮҡ
ܹģֻзӣԵķãɽַĻǶԣǾɽ
ַ˵ͣȫͣ£ûһٶ֡
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ַ㵭˵һֻµ淢һͺ漴˳Ͽȵķȥ
ڵϿϿ֮ʱſȻǰһ£̼һһ³ЩڵϵʬȼҲϵѪɡ
֮𣬺ǿңʬ𼴷٣Ѫɡ
޴ڶϿȵĵͿϿתһȦܿ죬ƬϿȫ֣ԡ˻浱С
µĻ֮𣬽ʶȾͨ졣
ԶȺ̧ͷƺڷֻƺɽĸߴһŻ죬֮϶õĻ֮ҡţһĻǵҲŻڲ
ǿĻ⣬ڷɽ
Щƺռݵˣܻȥ
еڰңΧɱƺûǵķݣĻյ֮ϣ»ǵ֡
ַ㣬̫ˣĸŭҪѩ¶䶯
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ȻЩǺ֮£ʱصַ£ַ㿴Ż棬˿漴ƺɽոַ㣬ƺ֮ƺڣѩ¡
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ƺڱ𣬲ƺ֮˱ǷūӡΪūַ
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Щƺڵˣǻޣūǿѩ£˷ܣ޷õġ
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£ǿߣһ֧ǿľţַ׼Ǹɼ֧ͬľš
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һ֧ţӳѪѡһЩᡢ츳ڵˣҪǿ
ַҪľţҪǳѪҪƺڣǴľšҲǴţûǿΪܵŲ᳤ãûкľվҪΨศɣܳʢ˥
ȻЩֻǴַеͷҪҪȥִУַԼЩǲôó
ַǣƺͣ죬ƺɽһ
죬ڱţַĨɱƺɽȺռƺɽؽƺڵϢԿֲٶȳѩ¹ųȥеõϢ˶ͷޱȣڣһ޴ţôˡ
ѩ¹ĴУȻƺڣȻϼڣϼųǿַٻʳǵʱڶǿͬһ뱻̫Ӷ޵ɱˣ֮ϼɢ𣬴ѩ¹ʧ
ڣΪϼںһţҸӵĳףţڵţͬʱƺڵ֡
ƺڵĵַ㣬ѩ£˲֪Ϊƺ
˵Ŀⶼۼһطѩɽׯ
ַһվӽѩɽׯ
ѩɽׯ֮Ҳֱַʳǡ
ƺڱǣ̫࣬ǣ̫ǿַؽѩ£ҪһɱȥͱȻҪɱʳǡ
˶ʼڴַ㣬ܷ񻰣ѩ񻰣


0484 ޳ܺѩ
ѩɽׯλѩ¹ıһƬѩУ˵ǻʳ֮ĴΨһɽе
ʱıѩɽׯУѩѻ֮ѩ֮ϣһѩۡ
ټıѩɽׯһ֮ͯأããһƬ
ڱѩɽׯ֮⣬ͬƮѩѩ֮ȫӡǣһ̤ĺۼ
Ȼפһ֧ǿľţ˵Ŀ¾š
֧ţǳϴȺڣַĻĵѩɽׯѡ֮ȺַĴ󲿶Ӽᡣ
Ϊѩɽׯ̫ԶԵʣǿԼӱѩɽׯĶٲǨܵһյɽׯǡ
ȻҲӦģܹӵѩɽׯĶѩɽׯҲ֪ǵһУ֪פ֪ǵж١
һգӰ̤űѩĴԶһӰĿѩ·Ʈøӵˡ
￴Ⱥս׼ǵЩ⣬ЩѩɽׯûйɽׯȻܳˡ
ȻѩɽׯҲԼĿɽׯڣʵǵ
ڱַƺɽؽƺϢѾ˱ѩɽׯУľʿֻפǰ֮ȥȻڵȴȴַźĲԺǻϡ
ȻĻǱѩɽׯԺԵĵ˻ԽԽǿΪʲôȥɱһѪ·
վȺǰ棬Щ̤ˣм֮ڣһĿĮѩ϶͸¶޵ĺ⡣
⺮ĹģѩɽׯˣǱ꣬ޱѩѩԪһ⡣
ܿ죬ѩɽׯȺ˴ǰȻ֮ڣһ֧ŵǰȴԵС·𲻴һ
ǰˣǱѩɽׯׯѩ졣
ϣһû뵽ǻ档
ѩų΢΢һЦѩɽׯųǲ̫ңԶǱѩɽׯĵӾûųǵУѩ챾ҲٴεųǣֻûţųǵʱѾϵġ
Ҳû뵽޳ٴμ棬ǾͳΪ˵ˡ
ϵȻĻӦһѩҡͷԲˣҺѩûкͳΪе˼ֻҪԸ⣬ʱԳΪѣңұѩɽׯԸϡ
ѩ죬ȻҪ£ϡ
ӦȴΨҡͷѩ죬㲻Ҫ˵ʲôҸΪǱѩɽׯţҸַ㣬ַҪΪУҳϹҪѣҲ̫׵
ѩ΢΢ЩӲϾȻ׿ڳϣڸַ㡣
ųǶѩôҲû뵽ϻˣΪ˵ĸӹ
ȻˣҲƻַ֮ĸһսĲˡ
ׯҪھͶ֣;ְܶɡ
ϵĮ˵һ̹Ȼ
Ǻĳ͵ˡѩĽŲһ磬ڵһѩۣٶ˲Ϣϣ˵սսޱȡ
ƮһƬƬѩ·ؼ䶼ֻʣѩһж޹⡣
ȴûйѩ飬ǰıѩɽׯׯҵġ
һɿµĻȼն𣬺ѩѩϣ෴档
Ųһ̤ϿɲʲôֱӳŶԷ˹ȥ£ȫǻ档
͡͡
ͻײһ𣬷͵죬ҪñѩȼѩȴŽȫڵ
Ӱһ֡
ϹȻǵųǵҺѩ죬Ҫú̡
Ը
ϻӦ˵̹̹˵һζӵսС
Ⱥսûв֣ǳϺͺѩսײ
Ȼ侳ǿߵսҪҲ岻ȥ
˶ԽսԽ£ϵڿգ𶼱üıŰȺĿⶼĶˣ˴ս˭ʤ
ʱһǵĺͻȻţ˵Ŀȫһ
á
һȺĿⶼһֻڱѩɽׯһӰһڿնϢǳǿ
ѩء
ȱ⡣
ӰԼѩͬʱڣһ³һӰʱһɿֲĺ⽫Χȫ䡢䵽¡
ɡһȺȫĿ̣ܳҪԸϵӰᣬǶ뵽һˣѩɽׯׯѩӡ
ѩͳս˫˱ûв֣ڣѩӾȻ͵Ϯñɡ
ͬʱ˵ĹŭһϢɽϣ嵱Уóϻ£峯½
ϣҪίˡ
ѩЦһɫ񣬿¶ǿߣҪɱȥֱӵķǻ׽Է
޳ܵˡ
һ֮ԶԶĴȺĿһӰѪȺЦˣַ㣬ˡ
ڱѩɽׯȺĿһѩٶȱųϳɱȥ͸ǿҵĮ֮⡣
ɫɫһղܵѩ֮ѾˣǺѩٻҲͲˡ
ҹȥ
һµֲɱиһڰ֮⣬ںѩԼ֮䡣
ѩӱҲ֣ͻȻǰ赲ס
ײѩվûܹϣַ㼰ʱϵˡ
ַ㡢Ϻվһ𣬺ѩѩվһ˫ŶԷĿ⺮䡣
ȻСˣȻĻǾ͸ˡַ³һѪɱɱЩˣɱѩɽׯһ֣ȫɱˣһ
Ļÿռ¶ȶ·˼ַ֣㣬ŭˣҪ׵׵Ļѩɽׯ


0485 ѪȾѩ
һ֣ȫɱˡ
ѩͳ϶սѩͻȻ͵ϮȡʤȻˣʲôԣ˭
ѪɽׯȺĿȫһûסַֹˣڣǻҪŭ𣬿µŭ
¡¡촫أһɿµɷ죬ñѩɽׯ˶¶ֻ֮ɫĿֻš
ϣȥϢˣɱ
ϷһöҩϢҲƽЩԳʦݣǼʱƣضɲ̫˺
áϵҲûȥַַΪԸ侳صˣӦò⡣
֮һɿµɱַͷţɱ־
ѩԼѩӱɱ֣һϵıѩϢǵܣѩƮ䣬ȻһƬƬѩȴںкХɱв
ɱ
ַŲһ磬˲Ϣѩӵǰɱֲ֮Х̶֮

ѩͺһ޾ѩַƮ漴ַԪۣ֮ҪַĽס
ѩءһԵĺѩɱЯһǿı˪ϢƬռһƬѩ
ǿĹ似ܹռ䣬ԣַɱÿռɱ֮أѩɽׯĺΧһƬѩ֮أ˿̵̫ҫĿ޷ѩڻֺ
ҵѩԽԽ࣬ѩɽׯ˻ԽսԽ£ΪľǺڱѩзӳǿǵĶȻѩԽԽǿǵʵܵܵӰ졣
ʵ֮ʱܺͱѩɽׯ˾սǵս೤־ãսΣա
ַ㣬Ҳûоս뷨Ҫ
ɱ֮ϵıѩ飬һɫĽһɿֲĻϢӶ
ɱʱɱ־ɱ־Ȼɽ֮ɱ־ֻһأҲ㹻ˡ
ɱ
һ֮ɫĹûһţʧ
͡͡
һ촫ѩ쳯ַ㹥彩ӲյУڱԭĶȴѾǰ˷ֺ
ͷһԼѪ͸Ŀѡ

һҵĽڿռлصȺ̧ͷͿǵѩ죬նϣ۾ſŵģȴѾ롣
µһĻһݣҪϵʱǶˣԼҲնɱ
ӣ
ȺиֵΨһͷǲֿˣַһնɱˣȥֵ
ѩɽׯ˶ʼˣеĳϻ츳ӣûҪͬǴ塢ʱ˶Ŀ־֮ĻԶʤڶľηܣˡ
ӵõ
ֻҪܵˣļʸƿɱļʸǲ׼֮ҲԽǵĽֻгΪС
Ҫˣѩӿѩ챻նɱѩɽׯȺĴɱ˫죬ȴ᲻ɱ⡣
ַ㣬̫ˣѾԡ
˫趯ռХرѩ۳һƬѩ˫³ıѩĳַ˳ȥ
ͬʱѩԪѩӵĽ۳һƬ޴ѩХ뿪ѩɽׯ෴ķ롣
ѩɽׯûˣѳΪȻ
ѩܵΣַĮһЦѩӲ侳أУӵô
磡
΢ַȻ˸ÿһϸ΢ޱȣ·̺仯ɶ
ַ·ûзѩȥһХķһ
ϢѩӵϣѩӻȻһعͷһۣģΨһɱ־֮⡣
֮ɱն£ѩӵһΪַһӻʳиϸȴģȴֻ
ҲʱЩںޣΪʲôַ֪ĿʵҪӻʳиϸѩɽׯҪţ
ʶַҪѩµʱѾûˣƺǱȻ֮¡
ôڶѾˣһУ䶨
ѩӵ£ַޱ飬ƺûȥ룬ѩ¹պյİ˴ӣѾ
͵ߵĴԼѩӣ׷ױɱ˴ӣλţֻʣ
ŵϵսţ˵ɢܹ֮ͻ￹⣬ȴѩɽׯģֻл
ڵϣһ˵սǿ֮ʱƮʱԵң˿ɵԪ֮նɱ˭ɱ˭
Եǵǿū
ַаһҵԵҰԿ񱩣˿ԿƣűȥַʱİԵҪߣƿ˵֮ơ
Ϊѵ侳أԵҲͻ䣬һ֮ټϿµİԵԼĵ꣬ĵ֮΢磬صˣս
ַߣкЩ˵츳ܺãĿԼԡ
η֮ģһԵŰɱԵޱߣͷԼ򵥣츳ȴƺ껹õ˾ѣƾ˫ЩˣûҲΪѩ¹ҫ۵һ
ҲΪߵԵʣǵķâڸסˣˣڹעַ㡣
뵽Щַ̧ͷһԶгǵķ
Ҳ֪塢Ʒơкƾˣϴڻʳм壬־ƺѩˣҸȥгǿɡ
ѩɽׯڻʳ֮һվѩɽׯ֮еĶԹͶڻʳнˡ
ǰ̤̤ŵıѩַ㿴űѩɽׯķ򣬷·ѾѪѩȾ졣


0486 ʳ
ѩ¹ʳǣľ¥Уھԣ죬̸ϵر֮¡
̩ѩɽׯ飬˵𣿡һźһģ˵лм־
ѩɽׯôˣģ֮˿˺꣬ʵѩɽׯʲô·
ٺ٣̩ªˣĪʱѩֵĴ¶֪ǺЦƺڳ֪
ߣô֪Ѫַ㣬Ѫ¶ƺɽؽƺڣͬʱڣҰϢ˲֪𣿡Ƶ˵ڱƺڱַᣬؽƺڣ˵ȴ£ܲѩ£ѩµ˼ûв֪ģ÷з
ǺǣϢ磬Ȼ˭֪ѩɽׯϢ㲻֪ɡ
³һھȻ˵һɫһ
ʲôѩɽׯôǿȻҲַˣ
ѩɽׯɲͬڣѩžۻʱʹӾѾַɱˣȺ׷ֱѩɽׯͬׯѩʵǿɽׯѩӵ֪ϢҲϻȥˣٸ֣֮ѩɽׯӦûǰŽᣬȻҲˡ
ʵǿѵ˳ʹӵھԵǰѩɽׯŽᣬҲ޼£ɨѩɽׯֻб̤ѩҲѾѩȾ죬ڵַ㣬绪û˿赲ĸ֮ģ²ṳ́ʳǵС
Խ˵Խܣ·˴εһ֮ƣ־ַ죬һС﷭ƾԼϻЩѩ°ȹԼ뵽ַĽɫС
̤ʳǣҡҡͷⲻܣʹ˱ѩɽׯҲҴ̤ʳǣʳǣɲҰĵطңַ̤ʳǣѵȥѩʥԺԼŸ𲻳ɣ
ѩʥԺȡѩ֮»ˣţǻʳеİ֮һʵںͱѩɽׯҪǿˣ۷Ǳѩɽׯܱȵģѩ°˴ӵλ޹壬ҲУַڵǺǿҪ˵ţܡ
ģͿŰɡ·ԼжϣƵĿоżŨŨڴ֮⡣
ܵģַ㣬һ˻صʳǣʵǿԺȰ⣬Ӧûһʱգȵǿ󣬻ʳǣڣҲһˡ
Աһ˲˵˶΢΢ͷûڵַ㣬ӦûһʳǣϾַǰҲһֱڻʳеģκûбҪôļ
ԸѩʥԺԼţӦûỺһ
䡢¡¡
¥ͻأ˵ĿⶼһͣôĶôˣ
ң֮ȻԽԽ죬ֱ¥·Ҫõ
ôˣ
˳Ŵȥ͸ԶʱһĿ̣ǿޱ޼ʣڴзɳۣ˶˱ܿע޾ﳯŻʳǵķȥ
ˣַѾǣҪ׼̤ʳǵˡ
һھƣĿ˸˷ܵĶĿ
˭ˣʵ
Ȼַ㣬ѪҪʳˡ
ӣӵһ漴Ҳߵԣ濴ȥ
¥ͣڲڵԽԽڿУƮϣһ۵Ĵ֡
ƺѪծѪ
˸֣·ѪӡɣĿ̩ĺݺݵĲ£ƺڡַ㣡
ַ㣬ȻˣͨʳǣѪҪ̤ʳǵУַ㣬ҪΪƺѪծѪ
عͷž¥ǵľƹȥֻԷĿɶĿ·ûлеĲ²ַ㵽ˣ֪
Ǿ¥еˣʳǵǣѪ֮˶վڵ·Թ֧ѩµҫгǣΪѩ±
ǣĦԽѩµһսУʮʿѪȾ磬Ը֧Ҫʳǣַ㵽ŵ̤룬ٺ֧ַ㣬ַȥݳǡ
ǳѪ˴˵ѩ¹ʷϣ֧֮һֱȥֱѩ´Ӵ½ʧ
¡¡ɣ·ضҪѿһʱ̣Ѫ˻ʳǳ⣬һſʿƺƵ
ʳسǵľʿԵЩ֪룬ô£ѪȻҪΧʳǣ
ģĻʳͳ죬֮ء
֧ɫսƮĿŸƺѪծѪ˸֣λ᲻֪˭ˡ
ַ㡢Ѫ
ʱĿ˸ųȺѪַͳ죬ڣ

һȺ³漴һһ޵壬ͬʱڿնʳǳ֮صϿգַĿ⣬·ģ·ȺĿⶼ΢ЩӲ
ַ񡢺䣬ͫף塢졣
ַүӦ֪֮ǲܴ̤ʳǵеģү
Ŀַ㣬ԼıƽĿ˵
֮Ǵ˽һ̤ʳңֺǺܿµģе
ַ㣬ѪŽٻʳǣȻɽˮģϵѪɫдַծġ
ɻǵɳ塢ɺӣ
ַûж˵ʲôֻƽ˵һĵĿһ촽š
ɳ塢ɺȻǵá
յɺյλãɳɺ֮ӣˣΪַ㣬ַֹǣǣȫˣַ㣬ȴúõģ


0487 ʥԺ
ַ仰Ҳͬв
һɺɳġ
ңַ㣬û侳ǿʵԶûպաѩ£ַ㣬Ҳû֪ĸĸʮǰҫ۵λš
ڵַѾȵ׿Խ̫࣬ڡضƺɽ¾ѩɽׯÿһ¶ôģģ赲ַ㣬֣ǲҲһ
ַ㣬һɷ˭赲ɱ˭ûˣܹ赲ĲֹĽŲ
ҵĲãÿ
ַĮֵĮȴĸܵһɺ⣬䡣
ÿĻַ֪ʲô
ʵЩǿߣҪʳǣҲġɨһ֧ţ𵱳ǿ˲֪٣һ˫˸˸˸ŷ֮⣬ϵѪɷľ
Ҳ֪Щʱ䣬ַЩʲôȻôĳѪ¶ˡ
ǵʵʳȻ׾٣Ȼʲͬ
ַ㵭Į˵΢΢ͷַǴֱӴʳǣң˽ڡ
ַǣһе𣬾ַ㲻˿ࡣ
ַѡѡѡеƺַѾԶˡ
ţǡ
̾Ϣһ˵ַ̫ţ֪ؿţעģȻ˶ʵû˻ȥ˵
ѡ񡣡
ַ㵭ȻһЦĵȴǿɬϣʲô°ɡ
ķʳǳŵľʿȻԥǿɲԸȥַİԵɱ´ģ޹ء
Ŵ󿪣֮ٶȲ죬һƬ
Ѫһ̤ʳǵС
еȺǣĿһȻַ㣬ôѪˣҲ֪ᷢʲô¡
˵嶼Ҳ׷׳Żʳ̤룬ʳǣҪд·ˡ
ڻʳбڡХ·һ쫷磬ڻʳǵоûʳǱ궯˶һ𣬳ĳһ̤ȥ
Ⱥ֣һѩʥԺڵķ
ַ㣬ҪѪǰѩʥԺ
ȺȻ֪ǶΪѩʥԺǰƺɽƺڸƺڴѩ³ַ㣬ծˡ
Ϣӵٶȿֲޱȣ˼ѪǣͼٱѩʥԺַѪǵϢѩʥԺУѩʥԺȷ˳ѪĹ켣ǳѩʥԺˡ
һ̣ѩʥԺǳ׵ķĻң͸ŨŨĲ
ԣڣǱѩɽׯеˣɱˣֻҪûѵģȫɱѪɺӣַĸһ¾Щ¾ƺһûа顣
ѩʥԺˣʼʰ׼뿪ʥԺƬǷ֮أΣգǲ֪ܱܲסѩʥԺ
˵ַ£ţŽһ£ȿµʲôη壬𺳡
ѩʥԺˣ඼Ǹŵţѩ£űϢҲζһ뵽ַҪѩʥԺ뵽Ǹ𣬶ǿֻš¡
䡢¡
Զżвϸ΢ȴַ·һ뵽ȺĶĤС
ɲԽԽҲ֪ѪԽԽˡ
˿̣ѩʥԺļ֮⣬ѪȺѾܹԶѩʥԺڸƵʥǵУһ¶˳֮ɫһεɷϯǳĿҡ
˵Ѫʹ˭Ƕˡ
Ƕ¼ı˾мʮʿһɾİˣýΪϡ
˵Ѫÿһˣ޶ǣһֱҪ˺ˡ
죬ַڴǣ̤ʳǣѩʥԺ֮ء
ˣѪţѩʥԺԽԽˣż˻֮ͣ£ǰѩʥԺĴţʥԺڣΧ
ЩѩʥԺſ߶ȺӲһĿŽΧסɷѹǵϣǵ˫ȶ΢΢
ĬµĳĬȻûзΨɷ۵ĺХз
ֳĬѹȺϡ飬һѧԺȥɷǷ棬ܻ
ַӰһγѩʥԺϿգһˡһޣͺͲǰһ
ȻһΣַûжֻ֣˶ǡѩʥԺɱһˡ
첻ͬ˶ʲôģƮдţѪծѪ
ַ㣬ģûжɱǣҲΪ˽գҪöۿѩʥԺĸҪöǿƺڵĸˡ
ѩʥԺĸƺա
ǡ
ַһ֮ĲѩʥԺУѩʥԺн䣬ַܹŭ
ǡ
ַ㣬ѩʥԺʥأһ
ʥԺУһ˳˳ȺĿ΢ҲַĿ΢
ǣսַ㣬һ
оҽȥѩʥԺܡҾؿС
ַ㵭˵һζˣѩʥԺжȥͬʱо֮ſеַ㣬̤ʥԺ
Ҳѭַ֮ѩʥԺԼУˮйͨûˣܹѩʥԺ
ַ㣬ѩʥԺ׵ķ


0488 
ѩʥԺʥ֮أַƯյУѩʥԺȺȫ̧ͷһһޡ
ʱգַ㣬ٴμѩʥԺһΣҪѩʥԺ
·һӰڿգǣȻȺ˵С
˶⣬һЩˣѩʥԺĳϿһϢǿ󣬶侳ǿߣһΣѩʥԺǿ߿㳲ˡ
ѩʥԺ׼ˡ
ַǹһĨЦǣƺѾ
ҵܾˡһӶǵ³ֻĿĮ͸һƱ֮⣬һΣǵƺû˿־壬ηַ㡣
ַüĿ罣ĿٶЩɨӣǣŴӺζ
գַ˼ϣ⼸أʲô֮ͬΪ̫ͨͨվڶǵ˵ǰֱӽǸӵ
ַ̫ͨˣԽͨĻƾʲôͶվһ
ϴλʳҹϮɱҵʮǿߣǲǵˣ
ַ㳯Ǽ˿ȥˣվڶǵĺҷƺΪǻ
ַĻĿ΢£˲Ϣָֻ糣Уһ˿˵Ƕɱˣ
һ򵥵ʻҲڳϣʮǿߣһġ
ɱˡַ㵭ĵ˵ͷЩ£Ҳûж˵һʲôֻǿַ㣬Ŀ⵱УżȻŻһĨ֮͸
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ַЩԼʵˣӦñʮǿ߻ҪǿҶǽôţȻǵʵܷģַڲ²Ⱥ˵ݣǶԣ·侳ɳʮǿߣûзӦһ
ʮǿߣǶһܹѩ¡
ȺˣںǱ󣬵ʲôʲôݣ
ˣҪ֪ôࡣ
ٶĮ˵һöǵ۽¶һĨЦݣַ㣬޼ɵЦַ㣬һлᣬȴûɱңұ֤һĴ޷صĴ󣬴һΣգ˽
ˡַƺûǵĻ㣬벻ѩʥԺһֱֻǱ˵ˣ㵹ǳҵ֮⣬ΪȻʵһЩô˵Ҳү֮벻ȴҲǸūš˵߹
ַĻѩʥԺĿ⽩ӲѩʥԺĴǱ˵ˣ
һ㣬ǻûôΪͣʵȷеˡ
Ҳ֪ôֻ࣬Ǻ棬Ϊ͵ˣȻҲǻ֮˰ɣѩڼѩ»ҲӦöԸҲŶԣǣаĽɫ
ַĿ͸Ų⡢ɻ󣬶ʲôݣүѪȴƺܾηЩˣ˵ǲǻˣַ㲻ţ֪Ĺģѩ¹ǻΪ𣬸УҶôһǿֻѩ»ҡ
ǣӶĺַĹϵ֮˿¶жţջʳҹ֮ѩºܻܿѡȥμѩȲŶԣңƺûɶԸַ㡣
ҲΪԭַ˼ɣѪ̤ʳǵУֱвͳ죬С
ַ㷢֣Щ飬֮⡣
㲻Ҫѩȣȱַ㡣
ԷĮĿڵǰ仰Ĭϣǣȷʵǻ֮ˡ
ֻǵģȴûһֵ֪̫ˡ
ַ˵˾䣬ЩĿһֵַ̫㣬ڻΪĻǣ
㲻ԼΪѾŵĵز𣿡˷̵Ŀַһۣǣôܻ
˽֮ʱǻ׺ĮЦַ㡣
ַ㣬ֻҡͷĿЩˣƺڳǵ֪
ԸǡԸѩʥԺַȻ㡢ҲҪȻȻһôҲֻʥԺˡ
ַ㵭Ŀ˵£֮֮ˣնϵȫ£¶ݣĿȫһ
ŮӣһˣȫŮӣʮ֮࣬ÿһ˶˵ĮĿ͸һĨϢ
ʮλŮӣһ𣬷ΪСݡ
˼֡
֮Ŀ΢ȫǰŮӣȺˣ˼ֵˡ
ˡղ˵֮˶ַ㣬ĿһĨ֮ɫ˼ֵŮӣ˵ʵ䲻̫ǿ󣬵ÿһŮӶǳ֮ģǱϬֲ󷨣ʵǳ£û˸ЩŮ
ǵŲеôǿҡ
ַЦ£ЩӲʮλŮӣݣܿˡ
Ϊ󣬽ΪԸˣһӦغΧһ˶ѡ
ַ㵭˵һЩŮ嶯λ󣬺ܿ죬ʮ󷨽ɣλǿ߲ȥʮ˷Χһʮ˴󣬽ռΧơ
һĻַ£¶֮ɫЩŮԭܹΪΪԼΪ󣬾ȻʮΪ
˿̵գٶȼһػˮйͨ
Ŀ⽩Ӳַ㣬ղŵĵЦڴʱȻ޴棬ֻо裬һǽյó󷨵սڶǵϣҲֻǼ˵ϡ
ǶˣǾͽ޷Ļᣬ¾Ҫˡ
뵽⣬ޱȣһĨ־帡֡


0489 ѩ
սʼռңֲϢ˲ϢɢγսȦ
Ȼܿ񣬵Ҳȷʵпʸˡȫ侳ؾǿڣǸղ˵ˣΪ侳۷壬ֻһͿ侳֮ܿ¡
ǽ˾ѹӦλŮͬѹȥϰ֮һڣŽԷ׵ѹסˡ
սĽУǵĿ⽩ӲȺĿҲһӲ
ÿµŮЩŮ󷨣ƾޱȾϣԷӳλ侳صǿȫѹס
˼κ֮鴫ʮûаװ׶ȹֻЩŮ߳һˡ
ַУñ츳׵ַ绢
Ҳ֪ЩŮӺζ˵󷨣Ǳ츳ԣͶֲܿˡ
뵽ЩŮ䣬ᣬҲͶʮҡ
Ⱥ֪ЩŮ츳ǲҪǣһֱһų֮ģٽӴһʦ֮ԡ
޵У˵ٶģһ־Ǵӣֽ֪ȫ˼ȫ֮ϣȥ˼ȥȫȫ⣬ȥ
һˣƫִ֮ˣԼҪ̣Űƫִ֮ˣǶϧһУѾȥֻǵΪȥսҲͣϢɱԷԩ޳ƫִ츳Ҳܿ¡
߼˵ˣٶ죬ЩŮһּˣӣ䲻ܱ־ԵĴܵǱҪ١
ַ㣬ˣԼ̣ƫִֻǻ޷ּƫִĵز
¡¡첻ͣĴռԽԽ񱩣ǵĿеս֣ĿԵЩӲеĲԽԽŨˡ
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ַĿɨ˶һۣöɫһ·һɺӣɺ⣬䣬ġ

ַ³һĮöĿһ˿ַĿ⣬Ǻӡ
ղţλǿߣĿˣַ㣬˵һԣڣλǿ߱ѹƣ֪˿־度£ַ㿴ǣǷַ㣬նӡޣĸӡ
ǰַǰǴ߸ϣڣַУϡǷöǳ˿־֮⣬һ״飬ҲҲֻܸпһ޳
ַҲֻɨ˶һۣٶȿսȦˣ꣬ʹΪ⾳΢
ԣǶǳǿûһߣַԽԽ棬ǵĺ棬վ˭
ҾͲţǶֵܱȻ
ַͷĮһɱ֮⣬Ŷɱ£¿յ嶼һ
Ŀһ侳ؾ֮˵ϣַһޱȵĺ⣬⣬͸źڰ֮ɫŻɱ¾֮͸Ž־
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³һ֣ޱȣַһ侳֮˲ȥ
Χ侳ǿߵ˲ϢӦַĵһԵĹͬʱԷԷѹеһλһܶ漴ǵƮĸ䣬ռøַ㣬Ͼ˾̾
侳صǿĿ⽩ӲԵЩ֮ϣ¡¡첻ͣĴͬʱһɿµɱ֮üͷһ
漴һӰ˸ոպЩһ˫ڱͫ׳ǰߣղŵֻоһƷķ漴㡣
ʺ֮أһɿµɱ־£·ֻҪһͣɱ־ܽʺʺ̴
࣡
һڿˮֻоӲɬ͸һĨ־֮ɫ
ʱֻҪַԸ⣬˲ҪһΪΪڣοΪ硣
ң˭ˣ
ַĮʵ˸·˼
Ҹ㣬ܷŹң
˿ʵԻŵĿսʤеִַֺηַ㣬һġ
ҶûȤַ䵭³һ¶һ˿ϣΪѾ侳أѩ¹ǿҲǼʮ˶ѣ٣ôˣֵá
Ҫ׿ڴӦңҸҵݣͷŹҡ˻ûȫַ㣬ֵ
ֻҪģŷɣҲɱ㡣ַŵ
á˵˵ͷſĻû£ԶһƮ
˭
ԶһƮ˵Ŀ⣬ͶԶǱ߿ȥ
ֻһѩ֮ˣп粽һѩޱȣһ֪ݵλ硣
ַעǣ˵òַмϤ֮С

ַԺиһӰûˣм
ղǱַвȵ˿˳֣΢΢ƺܿ־壬ѹƵͷһϲͳˡ
ǵͳ죬ɲѩ¹ͨͳ죬ЩͨͳͳǰҪϹϾ׳ƳƳĻᶼûУΪЩͳ첻䡣
ڣ֪˭ΪҪɱˣ˶ַ㣬
ַʵ
ԣҵĶӣǣɱĮ˵ƽȴ̺һĨɱ
ַĮĵҪɱҵϷ飬ٸַһλᣬɱ
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³һâ£


0490 
ַӶԷЦ֮ǰǷӦøңǣʲôݣ
ʱٸ㡣ûн˵ѩ£һֱڰ֪˭ѩصľţҵػţ֧Уˣ侳ľӢǿߡ
ѩ»ң겻˻һʵǿ󣬻һԭΪӵ֧һз֮ˡ
ַ㣬Ϊݳͳ죬ʳǣ޿ˡ֧ţȫĮĵɱ֮һǣѩ֮ˣȫɱ۶ˣһ¡
ðԵ
·֮ˣһӣ֮ʵѾǿˣˣĸףλ侳ؾǿߵĻ֮ˣôʵǳԽ侳أ侳֮
Ϊκһؾ磬ǼѿԽʵҲǷǳ֮侳أ侳ǿ̫ˡ
Ҳڲ²⣬ˣʲôݣǶλ侳صǿ߾Ѿܾηˣô˵ݣǸߣ
ǰҪϹϾ벻ʲôݣӵϡ
ʼ֮£أܶˣ˶塢͸ֻܿ²⡣
ǰΪ侳ؾѾǳˣַһǿ߳ǵǰԽԽ࣬侳صǿߣⶼܳǵǰ˿̻б侳ظǿˡ
ܱǸĻҿɲͬѾǾţ֮ˣƺڣַ㣬ҲԳѪվƺգƺڣַΪƺѪծѪкβΪ֮
ַȵ΢ȷַƺݣ֮ʳҶǸ𣬺Թûʲô֮
УʲôݣԼ˭˵˵Ͷʸ񣿡
ַٶȣĮĿͶԷײ˿ãΪƲ
ηߡ޾壬Ҫƴಫ˭˭δ֪
ַףʵûʲô۵ģʵΪʵǿȨǵյһУҪʵ˵ַ㣬ûɣٱԷҲŹ㡣
ȻַĻ£ڶԷΧһǿҵĿռγɣǳĿ£кХ촫ŭ
ַȴûٿתĿ⣬ˣĮһЦ㻹δңǵݣ˵˵
˵ɫһ΢Ĳţַµķɱûһ뿪ʺѵĴֶΪоַϢһֱϣֻҪ΢һ£ַܸ̾оɱԣҶֱַв
׵Ҳϣ˸ʱͷѹ֮ԽԽǿң·ɽͬʱѹϡ
ǵǲ㱩¶ģֻһֱĹأԣһֱѩµİż֣Ҳֻһţ˴һɱַ㣬ֻܿʧȺҰöãȺͻǣǣܲҵǣǲûɱַ㣬ַΧвȡ
֪˵ˣʲô֮Į˵һɫѿޱȣ˵ַҪɱ˵ˣ֮ͳ徲Źͷƺ·һ
㲻˵ھɱ㡣
ȻַҲ³һĮ֮ɫԽѿˡ
ͳˣ
˵Ŀżֺõɫ徣ƺϣܹһ·
ɱ㣬ɱ㣬֮ʮ塣
¶һƺ֮ɫַ㡣
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˵ˣֻвѣ˵ɱ㣬Ͳɱٶȿڣƺַ㲩ġ
ֻҪɱ㣬ɱڴΪ֤
徵ĻǶ˵Ŀ⣬һֱڶַ㣬вַ㡣
Ϣʱ䡣
ַ㵭˵һû御
徵ǿϢ͵˳εĽռַϵϢҰ꣬ܿ£µϢַвȵҲĸܵˣ徣Ҳһ˿ϣƾɿֲϢ˵סַ㣬ҳ֡
Ϣ
ֵַ˵һɫӲ徵ϢԽԽңſҰ·һڣ徾ͻɱֻҪڣַҶ֣徾ɱַ㡣
Ϣ
ַ㻰£˵ɫһݣҧҧ˵Ϣ֮£˵˱˵ַҲɱ
ĬǿµĳĬ

ʮʱ䵽ˣַ¶Ũĳ֮ɫָĿ½ǰͳȥָ֮˶Էʺһ˿ϸ΢֮졣
˵ͫȻһͫ׵͸޾Ŀ־֮⣬ûκһϻַָĽʺ
ַ㣬ɱ
ѡΪʲôǴģ
ںͲвңȻҪɱңҺαںвַ㵭˵һĿһ徣Ȼûж֣ûпһۣ·徺ģ徹ĵģַֻ
޷ϣ˵е䣬һ侳صǿڣˣַɱ
ò˵Һޱ飬ɱŨ
ǣھԵǰ·һ
һ̣µϢ徵Ϸӿַ㣬Ԫ
ǿƾԣûʸ񣡡ַ³һʮ󣬾ۣ


0491 
ַ㻰£յ˸һҫ۵Ľ⡣
ʮַȫɢŷ֮â
ͬʱʮŮӣͬʱûһ©ʴ裬ÿˣסһ漴ǵ˸յС
ʮˣͬʱ֣ɫ˿ҵ趯ʮĲһ𣬷֮Х
󷨣󷨣ЩŮӶͨ˾ͿԾΧ侳صǿߣ˿̣ʮˣʮ
徵΢΢һֻǻ۵ʮĿԵĽָ徣ҽ֮Ϣֲܿ
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һǰһǰץʱһŭд
徵ǰһͷӰӣ͸ſ͵֮Ϣͳǰǳ¡

ַĮһȣʮλŮͬʱųԪ˳ǲɫ˿Ԫڽ֮ϣ֮ԽԽһҪ³ȴ۶ֻڲͣĲ
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ʮַ߼еõһ󷨣󷨺ѷôΪҪʮ˳ֽܹͨͬʱշ֮۶ַ㣬ʮŮ⽣󣬶Чƺܲ
ŭһ͵֮צצӰ뽣Ӱײ¡죬ԴԴ
ǽӰ·ûһֱӦԽԽ
󷨵ˣ󷨵չԽԽǿ
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ַĮ˵һ徵ӲֵʱһֱԸ̬߰·ַѾַǸˣֻҪԸͿɱΪ侳ؾΪȻ걬ַǣɱַ׾١
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侳ؾǿһֱսǱΪ徳֣նɱַ㣬ֲǳ֣սʱַ϶ûϣǱ徺ʮŮӵսסˣȥɱַ㡣
ʱ徵ŭȵѣǵ˲ȫַϡ
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侳صǿߣȫַ¶ɱ⣬Ųһ磬Ƕַǰ
ַղųһλͬ⣬ɱͬ飬ڣҪַԾ󻼣Ͼַµ츳
ַƺǸܵ˼˵ɱ⣬建תˣǣһĨЦ
ڣɱˣ𣿡ſ֣һɿµϢͷŶͬʱһâ˸֣һΣʮһ⣬ʶĿǡ
ʮַ㣬Ҫʲô˵ͫ׶һʮλŮѾԸˣַ㣬ƺҪѵһˣҲܲ
ⲻܣǲܵġ
һʹõ󷨣лɱ󣬲ɹ֮󣬿ԶУһЩ󷨣ҪΪƵģʮʮˣҪĬͨУַ㣬ֻһˣηӳʮ¶òˣ


0492 һ֮
λ侳ؾǿڣһΧסַ㣬ȺȻʮŮӿʱѹ侳ؾ徣ַ㣬ȴˡ
һΣ㻹Ķַ㣬纮ޱȡ
ַɨ˶һۣĵ㲻ôܻ
㵹ţΪԶԸһ侳֮ˣڣԵˣҶôǿʮһѵ󷨲ɣǣٱʮŮӳ
ЦҲòַôΣÿһΣΪģʵҲԽսԽǿƺֹǿǿǿܹȺסϣһΣҪٱַ㷭̡
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һĻȺͷȻһȻĶַ㣬ʮ֮һˣƿʮ
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ַŶǵĮ˵öĿ⽩Ӳַ㣬ˣѵʹʮ
ȺַĻƺҲڻζȷͨ˵ֻҪ̤ǰ̤֮·;֮޼ޣûʲôǲԵģһƿʮַ㣬ˡ
λ侳صǿĶַ㣬΢ЩղţַѾɱǵһλͬ飬ֻҪַץסᣬɱǣԲκεĹ˼ɡ飬ַ㣬˵ɱ͸ɱ
Ƕ˴ӦҵĹںŻǡ侳ǿߣһ˶˿˵˶΢΢ͷ˵֮ӵн꣬ǿӦ
ˣͬһʱͷԼַ֮꣬ˣ꣬£ޱȡ
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촫ǿµĽâ쵽˼飬˲ͽ侳ǿߵĽûѡ
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ַ㣬ɱǣǵģ


0493 µĽ־
ЩѩʥԺϣսĽֶѾעı䡣
侳ؾǿڽĻţӲѣʮ·ǧ򣬰ϹһдƺԶͣϢ
ɱң𣿡
ַǰĻ֮⣬˵ˣͶһѩʥԺеҪɱ
ǣΪԼԶַ㣬ڣַһˣɱȫ
ĻеɫӲ԰͸ſ־壬ɱַ㣬ڣַŪǣɱɱҪ˵Щʲôȣ˵Ŀ϶ûУһģҲͻᱻɱ
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ַ˵Ųһ磬｣ĻϿգ侳֮ڽҲֲ˶ˣַҲúǺȥ
һӿн䣬նɱ¡
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¡һԵնգնַɱ֮Ȼ˲䣬޾Ľ崩͸һ
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ˣ˿Ϊֹ侳ǿߣȫˣַһɱ
Ⱥַֻ֣ʱϹûַ嵱УһɻǵϢַϣͬʱЩҲɻַʧ
սַָ糣յӰȴǲġ
ַ㣬̫ˣɳٶԣÿһδսᷢǰǿ࣬⣬ÿһΪ֮ʱԾǿɱЩҪˡ
ַ㣬һ֤Լ츳ǿ侳صǿǺǿѩ¹Ѿ۷ʵˣַǰֻбɱķݡ
µǣַΪֻ侳أַԺΪǿжǿ
ǵĸǺݺݵĲţַĿɨ֮ʱֻоһϮȫ̹ǡ
£ڲ
ַ㵭Į³һöǵӲ·ȺĿҲһ
Ǻεǿҵ裬ڣҲַ˵Ҫ͵ڲǲɱ㣬ַֻ
ַĿʵҲѾӵ˵˻ʸڶַǰͺһСһַʲôʱɱʲôʱɱŪڹ֮С
¶һĨѪ֮ɫ¶죬ڵڵַʲôʱɱˣɱζʹġ
֪ԼҪȴֹʱ䣬ַʹ࣬״ġ
ʮŮ徵սڼʮסƾǿʵҲɱ徣˫һ¡
ʱ徵ɫޱȣȻҲַ֪µսɱַΧɱЩŮӣû뵽λ侳صǿߣַɱ
Խܵģַµս侳ؾ磬һˣɱ侳ǿߣǿƼ򵥵Ľȴַ̺ԽԼ󷨵Ѿµַ츳ΣС
ַŲһ磬֮ǰĮĿе徵ʮ壬徣ʲôھһڽС
ַĻɫһַ˵һУ徣ѩŴͳ֮һܹǿҵ衣
һңһӹһѪȺ΢ַ㣬ǹ༤ȥŭ御
ԼҲַ֪ǹģô˵汻һС裬˵οڵȷǱ֮ޣűַ㼤ŭ
ַ㣬
ŭһԷĴţһɿµ֮Ϣֻ˫ֹǶ𣬾צ¡
𣡡
ŭ긽徵ϣ죬µȭͷԼצһУһ׵˺ѡ
ʱʮâͬʱţʮ֮ܺبյУѹȹȥ赲뿪
𡢺𡭡
һŭ֮ޱһУ˼ɡ
ʮâһ˺ѿ徻ûצҲѪգ
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ʱյУ徵ͷһɿµɱ֮⽫죬һ
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ÿ£
ȺҲ̧ͷһĻڰ̫֮֮ڣ涼͸źڰֲͬĽڽţȺġ
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ֽ־ںϣַĽӭ֮⣬źڰɱ¿ն䣬յУΨɱ̫âɫĻ潣ââ֮ռĽ۾þòϨ쵽£˲Ϣٵǰ
德ӦŭһӴӰӳַĽ
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һУѿ徿ֲԪȫӿ赲֮ƣͬʱ徵Ҳ˳
Ȼ쵽µһȻնˣѪƮɢ徵ؿڳһѪۣĿĵѪۣԡѪ
΢΢ţ徿ǵĿеѪۣɫĶַ㡣
徲ɱ㣬ĲΪˡ
һŭ徵ȴһӰԶȥĿ죬뿪֮ʱлѪ·䡣
ǿ徣侳ǿߣӶݣ


0494 
徵в֮лصַ㿴ıӰûȥ׷ĿƽĮ
ղҪɺúõվԼȥɥ֮Ȯ
ַһԶȥֱһѪַ˵ûղҲ˵ҪַڣǱӣѩػѩ֮ͳ죬һʮ겻󱲣Ȼܡ
ңλ侳ض±Ĩɱ裬޷Ĩȥĳ衣
徵ӰʧȺߵУʮλŮ˸ƮȻȥ·ʹûгֹһǣַӰӡ
УַնȺͷޱȸӣ徶ˣڣͿַôѩʥԺ
ѩʥԺѾûܹ赲ַ㣬赲֧ǿ
ַֻĿѩʥԺɨһȦĿ⺮䡢飬͸żɱ֮
ʱպƽĶԻȻ̤ɱ֮;ǾɱɱһѪɺӡ
˵һкܶѡʱһѡͻЩˣѡѩʥԺѡΪ飬ôյĽ֣Ѿעˣûʲôġ
ַĳĬ͸һѹ֮ѹ˴ˣڶַ㡢գǽѩʥԺƺڣѪ𣬼ȻѡѩʥԺעҪƺڵĳޣƺˣѪծѪܲѩʥԺ
ַ㻺Ŀڣ΢΢漴£һ³
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ַ㣬ҪѩʥԺѩʥԺ

һҽԶȴ˵ģһҽУ棬ѩʥԺɱ¾ʼ
ʥԺǿѧԺַ㿴ŶЦգۿѩʥԺƺ֣Щƻƺɱ塢ѩǿѧԺȫգ˺ˣ죬ҲҪ
ַĻģڶǵԺлصǣǧټƣıҪַҪҪƿһֲ֧ʵУңǻõĬһгɿգַ̤ѩʥԺѪծѪ
֮ҲʥԺ㲻٣ǵõʲôˣԼҲʱַܱɱ
Ĳҽ֮ϵĴԶȥѩʥԺ˿־𾪣ͬʱҲѩ¡
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ַ㣬ò̡ŭ֮գַޱ飬飬ò̵ʱ顢
ַ㣬ΪʲôҪɱǣǼѩʥԺǿд𣿡
һͷ˫죬ַ㡣
ƺڱƺڵˣд𣿡ַĮɨһۣжԴֻ֣֮ǿ֡
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ȻǴƺַΪƺѩʥԺҲѪܲѪ
ңַ֪ģƺڱʱַƺڵĳϡģô˵ַһһĻĻı׳ַ˳𲻱ЩδĿ
ˣ۶ԴˣַҲҪɱɸЩˣҲƺ֮ѩʥԺҪ𣬾統ƺڱһ
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һ޴ֻһӵԾַǰַ㣬ңҲƺˣԸػƺ
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ϣ˸ַǰԼƺڵˡ
Ը⣬ҲԸ⡣
ַ㵭Į³һն䣬ֱӽյУһĨâһ·£ЩԳƺڵȫɱˣһ
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¾ڼҽ֮˷ѪѩʥԺϵɢȾ졣
յУһӰƮûзκεȻһַ̣Ҳˣ㵲ǰ۾ȴûпһۡ
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ַ㵭˵һɫ԰ޱȣŪַŪѩʥԺĻȴɱ
˫͸һ֮ɫͻأģŶ꣬ڵķӡ֮ţ貵֮
ֻǷӡ֮ţֻȣɼѪ̫֮ǿѪҲ̫
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ַܵӡϢĿ΢ӡ֮ţӦڹֶΣӡꡢӡꡢˡ
ַԣͷŵķӡ֮ţ̫ˡ
Ҫƴһ㻹ʸ񡣡
һɿµϢַ˳ǧƲл껯һεڷӡ֮ϣһӡ֮žȻѣöǻһ³һѪ
ȷַǰƴʸûУַÿ£Ȼܵй


0495 㣬Ծ
ĽͻأʧӰ٣ڶǵУ͸һɲ۳ĺ
ҶǣӲһˡ
³һǷһûãƾʵַ㡣
ַû˵ǣյȻΣҪɱ
ַôõҪۿѩʥԺθģƺѩ¡
Ŀ˸ͣԾ᲻ãлһ˿ϣҲоأҲǿ߹أ
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յУһ侳ǿ߿粽ַǰַ㣬еѩʥԺܷһ棬ҽ뿪ѩʥԺ
ַ㿴˶ԷһۣĿ⵭Į³һʶ𣿡
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ַٶ³һĿһߣһɱ
³Ŀ⿴·һۣ͸ԹޣҲΣַ㣬Σ
ַ㣬̫ˣ֪жѩʥԺУ㾹ȻȫҪɱһ侳ǿ˸ַĿżֳ֮⡣
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ַĽŲһ磬һɿµɱ֮˵֣֮ġ
˻һɫ˲԰ֽɱÿ¡
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ںѾˣַɱ֮ն£ĻᶼûУֱӱɱ֮ûһɱü£Ѫͣ
һĻṳָ́ļ˻һֹסԼղ˵ʲôˣٲַ߳㡣
ַ㣬ۣһУֻһ£ⶼ
ǻȥղתѩʥԺȥȻޣҼŭַ㣬ŭ˲ȲˣԼҲҪ
Ҳһȭͷ죬ޡǺ͸ַ㣬ɱѩʥԺɱУǵĺֱϵѪ
ַһᶼǣҪȫɱ
һ侳ǿߣĿ͸֮ɫպַйİ׼֮ˣַɱǰ׼ҲˣǰһѧԺַ㣬ȴǱ뿪׼ʣһЩ󱲣ѩʥԺлӣַ㣬Ҫɱ
ȥ֣һԸַ㣬ңǿԺַЩǿĳϣҡš
ǿߵ˵ɫ䣬΢΢ͷԣЩַĳУһԸַ㣬
⽫ѹ÷ǳͣΪֻߵļõƺˣʵ粻ͬҲܾж񣬸֪ҲͬӰ޵ַȫʣȫǳϸ΢δַĶ䡣
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ַһʱһӰգϴͭߣ͸ޱǿҵİԵ֮⣬һ
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ַ㵭˵һԵ˵ͷ漴ȥѰһϡ
ЩҪַˣһ־壬ţַһ֣Ҫţÿµ
׼ңˣֲȫҪ
ҵĲţΪһ仰ΪַĻ׼ң׼Ҫűǵַ֮£ַгŵŭͳޣʱַ˵Ҫ׼ңַ֪ʵǿˣȻַ㣬Ѱ·
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һĬ뿪˵仰ַ㣬ǲ𣬼ӵܱɱҲֻ뿪顣
ҽ֮ڿռлصַ㿴һ۵ѩʥԺ̫ӳϣѪȾͨ죬·һѪɫ̺
գעѩ޷Ĩȥӡ
ַڡѩɽׯ֮󣬴̤ʳǣѩʥԺʳ£˲
һɱǣȥ̫࣬ϾڻʳУ̫˶ѩʥԺϣǲٹ֮ˣǽѩʥԺַеĽһӣѩʥԺˣַ㣬ǵЩˡ
̫֮⽥ıðϦĺϼڿУʳǵУƺһ֮֡
վʥϣվûԲԶַҲվȴûп̧ͷƺڿϦͣףԽԽˡ
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΢΢Ĭ£˼Ƭ̣ڵ˵ͷڣǣЦˣԲ㡭ַ㣡
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ѩүһַƽĶ˵㣬Ծɣ


0496 ʳҹ
ѪѩʥԺʥ֮ϣмѪ¿յ䡣
һ壬ڲ֮£Ʈŵ£һ֮ڵϽ˼Ƴû̫ķ죬˭֪үȥԾ漴ӿյ䣬ûеĲ˳Ѫ֮⣬ҲԶ֪ȥġ
·ѪһֱŶǣֱڵϣЩˣһֱ֮
ǺʮʿѪ𣬶ϧգõӦ֮֡
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ʱѩʥԺҽѾԽԽ΢ޣΪѩʥԺĵӣѾ¾òˣʣһЩҲʥԺУҲѳĨɱ
֮£ΨѪȾĵԼһ߾ʬ塣
ַĿɨѩʥԺһۣ˿վλѩʥԺ֮أʥԺһţȫߵС
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ַ˴̤ʳǣ£ЩĻΪһеˣַ㣬ôҲ̫ȡ
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һҹʱ䣬ʰѩʥԺӴˣƺڡ
ַ㵭ĮĿ˵ƮԶԶĴݳȥ˵ĶĤС
ӴˣѩʥԺƺڡ
ַѩʥԺ֮󣬲ûзƺɽֱӽʥԺƺڵĻأƺڣפʳǡ
΢ַʧѪĲɣʼս

ҹɫˮҹĻʳǣ·յż⣬żķ磬·ƽ伸֡
ݵʱ䣬ʳ£˲ַ֪ʳǵϢѪƺ̤֮ѩʥԺ֮£Ҳͬ˲
գעǲƽһգȺΪΪѩǿѧԺѩʥԺȴַ̤ƽȺĳǾ޴ģͬʱҲַĿԼ𾪵ʵ
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ˣ䣬Ҫģʱ䣬μһԡֵ֮
վǵ˵ͷȻ֪Ҫʱ䣬κ˶һ㡣
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0497 ַ
峿һʳǵĴС֮ʱҲ˵˯˼֡
ѩʥԺ߹˵ǿ￴ȴ֣ѾܳΪѩʥԺˡ
ǴӡŵĴ֣ȺֻоһĲѩʥԺĸѾȫȫĨ˿ŵģȻǡƺڣ
ƺڣӴԺ󣬸ƺڣѩʥԺѩ³ƺȡ֮ʳǡ
ðַ㡣ͷ̾һַѩʥԺ󣬸ƺʥԺƺµַţҲַֻǷִ󵨵
ڴʱѩʥԺ棬ѪȾĵѾøɸɾټĿռ䣬̨ͤɽеضεѪȫĨˣַȻһ£·𱻱ϴ
ѩʥԺЩ˵ʬ壬ҲȫʧˣӰ٣·ûзɱһ
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٣ƺѾˣһҹ󣬳ԭĽ⣬ЩԺ乬ȫ
ѩʥԺһУƺڽӹܣڵ似رеıԪʯʥԪȣƺڵˡ

ڴʱʹ֮أ棬ȫӰ
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ʱεţݵĵȴȴ·ܾð㣬ڣһɫֲӾзɳֱȺǰ½
һһʱǽɫֱֲӳС
ȲĴ򿪣˵ͫ΢΢һӲ
ңô˵˴ǰ
ԣǲҪַ㡣
ͷܶ˳˶˵ߣ˽ɫֲݸǣĸ֮ʱǵͫҲȫһ·Լ۾ǽ۾飬ɷļɲı䡣
ڽɫֲпŵĸǣַ㣬
ַ㣬
ַôѩ£ΪһһԶַ֮Ϊүݸ߹Ȼַ㲻ݳǣȻȴĿ֮ɱһַͬѩʥԺѩΪлʹӵȻַһŭѪϴѩʥԺʥԺ֮ȫɱַ㣬
ƺЩŭȻǾУֲҷŭǴ֮˳˵ͷͨһҪ
ԣҲҪ
½ǶҪַ
üˣ֪˵ʲôתǣַƺʳǣľҲֻƺ֮ˣʳǣ֮ƺڣַΪƺյӣ񸴳޿ɺǣ˽ַ޹أַѩʥԺ֮ǼȻѡ̤ѩʥԺ͸ѩʥԺѩʥԺ֮ʱƺڴʵַѩҲ޹ֻǸѣַ
˻˵·ַһһأĿ⽩֪λشַ㣬
ܶ޷һʵǲġ
Ȼַ㸴˽Թǿȥַ㸴Ҳ˽Թ˻档˵˵һǣȥַ㱨֮£ǵɫȴÿˣַ㸴ǻˣ


0498 ֮
ʱַ㣬Ȼ֪ʹз֮¡
յѩʥԺƺڣߴλһӰ˸ͣȫޣ֮ϣ͸ŨԪ֮
ϺͳϴʱվߴλһأЩ˸ӰЦͷַ㣬Ҫʲô󣬾˴󶯸ɸꡣ
ɱáŹַۣ˴βߴλ֮Ӧڲû󡣡
ϻӦ˵󷨵У֮£ԶΪ֮Ψеϣ󷨲ƫѣҲǰԾŹ⣬ɱԪ󣬵Ҳ˵ǣɱ󷨻ǿŹԪΪ
Ȼֻһ˵ѣ޾ԣͬĻ;Ԫ󣬶еľŹ󷨣ɱ˶ǳؼҪ󷨱
󷨣ͲǼ򵥵ǰԾŹˣЩǿ󷨵УںС󷨶ɣǰԾŹ󣬼ɱҲΪǿޱȡ
ңںϵԽ࣬ҲܾԽֲȻҪõ֮鱾ѣ䲼Ѷȡ
ھ½ʦҲ˸ǣּ伴ɳԽս׾٣ּǧˣʬۡ
޷ǵǿޱȵĴ󣬵ҲЩʱգϻвǳ衣
ټʮλŮҲΪ֮ͨ£ƺΧѾƮһԻϢ·̳š
󷨵¾̶ȣ˿֮
ϿԶԻ֮ϵƯӣпһеͬԼĵޱȡֻ֮о׽
ȻҪ֪½ޱߣж󶼲ѩδ߳ȥʶǳҲֻڹżܿһЩԴߵļأЩ߿ɲȫǾ֮ˣʦĤݣ󷨴ͬأȻǵҪΪ
Ҳип˵Լ֮
ΪȻĵ˵ͷͨ󣬶һԣдɾͣʱܱĨɱ䣬Ǵ½ĸ
²ʱһЦóϺͻĿ΢תǱ㿴ַ΢Цվ󣬲ɵ£漴ֿЦ
ַ㣬ڶѾõͷԶԶ˦ˡҡͷַߵǵȴţ˿ûзְףַҪɱǣѾˣ㣬ͿԿַΪľտϢţŲް
Ƕûעˡַڣϸղ˵½֮Ҳͬʵǿſƣɱһ赲ߣȻȻҶ֪ΪΪλô̤һ;󡣡
ַ㣬Ҫ֪˶һ츳֮ܶʱƿһֱ޷ͻƣʱ򲢷һζЧģԲľ޷һ磬ͻҲͳһǵǰʱҲһЩһЩ˵ܹõͻơ
ңԼ󷨣˵ǷǳֶΣһܹƷʦ侳н֮˶ľͬʱܹõϵĽƳĵҩҲпԼøǿֶΪ
ַͬĵ˵ͷʵҲȷˣЩҲ뵽֮ʶϣֻΪԼľһЩ⣬Լϣ쳣˵츳ⷴЩԥ׸֧Լľ
ַ㣬˽֮󣬲˵ǣڵϵ츳мɲ˷ˣҲһܷӳ벻Ľ䣬£ܣһ£˲ڣвΣǾͨһ԰ʵһҲ󱣻ǡ
ַ֪룬ȰһȻַ㣬ֻҸ֮ؼҪԼ⡣
ַ¶һ˿ЦݣŻϵ˵ͷϣˡ
׾ͺãʵҪѣҲѾ˼־ϰɣȻҲỨôƺڶֵĴ󣬶ҽǰһĽȫʺϲ򡣡
϶ַ㣬ַ΢΢һĨȣյѩʥԺռؼ󣬲ȷʵܺķѾ񣬾˵Ǵӹ۽ԪõԪʯ붼С

֮յѩʥԺƺڣԭĳ˶֣ƺƺЩͬˣǺ翵ĸомƮ
Ȼǵ֮ȴôûʲô쳣
֣
˰һʵƺڡ
ȻʱһӰпԽԽһǳӰƮݣɷ
ң⿡ʵӰ֮󣬻һͷޣ棬Ŀ֮ȺԶһ
ַ㣡
ˣ˵ͫһ΢΢ǣ߳ĿӰַ㡣
ַֻҪ֮ʱһʱն𣬶ͬʱͺһ˲Ϣڿգַ¡
ַŲһ磬ֱվ֮ϣһһޣƮȻȥɰ
߿֮ϣƮÿһǧףĿ죬ȥķ򣬺Ȼƺɽڵķ
ƺɽʳ֮ңȻٶȣһձԵ
Ʈ֮أٺɽɽ֮أĳгȥ
ӹľڣַ㿴ǰӹģʱ˼ƮһƻƮԺС
˳ž£ǧ֮ء
ַ૵ϵĻ½ӹľǧ֮ء


0499 
ǧ֮£ֱַߵɽڣʱ¡¡͵촫ɽڿַϴ̤Ķڡ
޴˸ͣ¶ɵɫɽȾ֮أȻһصĶƺʲôܰ㡣
ǽȥ
ַͺһ漴һ붴֮Уʱһ͸ŹϢĹŵǰ
޴ʯ֧Źŵŵı֮ϣһͼ
˻һһͼ˳Ŀ⿴ȥַ㷢ͼȻҲһͷ棬ſգޱ߰Եɷ̰֮㵹ëޱȣ·ײ˵϶Ҫ˵
ϹޣϰԵ
ַеߵȻҲͼϵ̵Ϲޣϻࡣ
ŵޣǷǳǿޣֻ棬ӵϹ֮ϣɼŵǰȻǾǿַ֮㿴ЩͼûмЩǿޣܹ̻ϵͼͷ·һһ
ڹŵţַ㿴Ƿ·بŲĹµƣ˿˿֪ǰˣǷϽɽصһįŵһǿߵķĹ
뷨ҲַֻԺͣƬ̣漴ĽŲϴûд򿪵Ĺǰ
֮ţ֮Ρ׳ַۣοǰƺɽҪܴ֮ܲţֻҪŴ򿪣Ҳܶδ֪Ĵ𰸶
ƺںɽƺɽȹŵʲô
棬ܲܽųַԵ˵˿̵ΪпµٶȼĿ죬ȫ֮ʱҲἫǿ
𡭡
淢һͺ֮Ųĺˣһ˫޴ڹŵſĶţ˫Ӵű֮ɫĶŽ֮š
𣡡
һŭȴз޴˸滯һӰ˲Ϣͳ嵽˽֮ţݺݵײȥ
¡
ص֮ڹŵлصòϢǽ̹ŵɴǣɽҡζûҡΡ
һ˻ԭצڵϲͣٶţ˫ȻŽ֮ţƺǳġ
棬Ҳ˵ִţͨԣ˼һ֮Σûʲôˡ
ַ㿴еĲģаһγʯг˳ȥȸղŸ졢͡
ˡ
һ֮ڹŵлصţ徹أڵϹ£ͷ­ϣһѪ
ײԽǿ֮ŵķ֮ҲԽǿ棬򲻿̴š
ٴεͺ𣬻ǲģȻûԼܵǵˣ棬Ͳں
԰ɡ
ַ˵תַһۣ漴Ǿ޴Դ˵㣬˵һԣַܲܺ俪֮š
Ŀⶢǽ̴ţַʳ֮½һЩҲ˼֣ſ˵أҲ֪ŵĴڣϾձҲ˵ˣƺڵϹ趼֪ŵĴڣΨػ֮˲֪
ܴ򿪽֮ſȻã򲻿ǱԺʵǿ
ƮַһԪ֮͵˳ȭϣڳŵĿռкХ
壡
ַһͺȣ廯Ӱ˲嵽̴֮ǰ
䣡
һصգַȭͷͣ˽̴֮ϣһǿȭдַŲһƮȻˡ
ƺһɰ𡣡
ַ˵˾䣬ƮȻٶǰУһȭڽ̴֮ϣһȭȸղһȭ͡
ˣ
ǿķַֻ֮оƤۡ
ˣõԽǿ޷ǰ֮ܵҲԽǿ
ңַĸܵ˽̴ϴǿ󰵾ϵӿУַٶƮˡ
ǿ֮ǿǹɰǿ
ַ㶢ţеĿ¶˼ɫƺץסʲôץ͸
ָо
ַԺһŵУĸоҪץסʱֱˡ
һΡ
ַһûκεͣ٣ֱӾǰԵһȭ¡¡Ļ֮ûãûãһεķַ֮ȭͷ޷סǹɰǴǿĻ֮⡣

ַͫ΢΢һͻȻһŵ
ԭˡ
ַ¶һ˿Цݣڹʱ㹥ͳܵķ֮һǿģ֮дڰΡ
ô֮أ
ȭ˷ʱͬǿķ֮ٵʱͻȻͷſµİ˷øµȥƻȥ
ڰ䲻⣬˲䷢ӳĻֲ
뵽ַĿⶢǽ֮ţһĺâ漴嶯ˣһζ
䣡
Եһȭһκڽ̴֮ϣֲĻ֮ǿޱȵķ֮һγ֣ңһɿµİ
ʱǹɰ֮ʱַȭУһɿµĽɱ֮죬ɱÿռ䶼ãĿ£ֱӺǲŸոİУֱӽǹɰ˺ѡ
µɱ֮һû谭˽̴֮ϡ
꣡һַ˲ϢƮ˿³µɱˣûƬ̵ͣĹϡ
ַ˺ǽ̴ţַҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬̴ֻϣ˺üѷ죬ȻýɫȫѵѾ㹻ˣιƿһš


0500 
ˣ
һǿҵĲַ֮ȭͷڽ̴֮ϣ첻ϣѷԽԽ·ʱпѿ
һȭӦþͿˡ
ַܵǹɲǹһĨЦݣ˵һ̶ȣ漴ĽŲһ磬һԵкХХ֮缫ĸңһɿµ
ƣ
ַȣַȭͷڽ̴֮ϣ޴󰵾³˲䣬Ҳû֮Ψбѵ죬ǽ̵ĴžѿһƬɫķĩʧεС
ˣ̴ڱַƿˣ¶֮
һӵĴֻߵĴȫصϢ
ƿǼޱȵĴַ֮㿴Ĳе䱦ԼŹĴֻһޱߵͨѣû֪ͨͨģҲû֪ͨ
ַĿ˸ͣڿǣҪҪ̤ͨλڹŵеδ֪ͨ
ַԥˣٹŵƿ˽̴ţߵһ֮龰ѵֹ
УҸô࣬һۣҲġ
ַ£Ŀһâ
˵λڹŵУص˵Ҫɾƿ˽̴Ųܹ̤룬ǽȥһۣ̫ϧˣһУǰ׷ѵˡ
ַţĽŲǰһ磬̤뵽ǰﵱУΣһֿ顢Ҳһֻ֮ʱֻ̹ȻǶܡ
ַŵɲǣͻȻһɼΪĸо˿̵һˣλһã֮ϣĿģΧ֮أûˣֻԼ
عͷһԼղ̤ĵطַ㣬ȴʲôҲûпڵ·λһطˣһĹŵ֮ϡ
󣡡
ַͫһ󷨣ңƺǻ󷨣͸˲ߵĳ仯ˡ
ݣ
һХַĿ΢漴΢΢һƫһâϣɸܵһƻ֮С
⣬ɱ󣿡
ַĿ⳹׽ס죬ǲŵɫŵǻþ֮⣬ɱ󣬻Ҫ
ַȥӻþеɱһξŹ󷨵ɱ¾Ϊ󣬵˾ˣֱֻ֮˳󷨣ȴл
еɱԲǺЦģҪ
ݡݡ
µХͬʱĴ̶
ַվǣĸž紵λã漴ƶˣȻĴԵľɨ֮ϣʸַƷɨУ˲ڵϡ
̶ַ͡͡ͷϿմ磬ַܿ¡һ죬һâûһ貵Ĺ⻪
ÿµĵط
ַĿ⳹׵ĽӲ̤ŵڣһƵĹϣҪַ룬ŵֵĿģʲôѵֻΪɱˣ
ΪɱˣαҪŪ˵鷳
ַЩаĿзâ¶̤ĽŲԽԽͣûа㶯ҡ
͡͡ݣ
Х֮ʹ̶ķͬʱ𣬼ʸ͵ƿննַ㣬֮ղţƺˡ
ҹ
ַһŭȣ¶ͷһɰԵޱȵϢԪ罣Ǽʸֱڽб˺ѣնĹâҲûκεַ㡣

³ַɨһŵ漴£ͻȻԴ̧濴ȥ
ƮĻþУһɽĵǣɽ·ûκεĹܹеĹֻҪϣɿա
ô£
ַĺݺݵս£ͼһţֻǳ˲䣬ʧˣУȴ·̺һ־㣬ǸͼʼַԺлص֮ȥ
־
ַ૵˺һ֮ϵľ磬Ϊ־ղͼƺӵ־һۣҲ޷Ĩȥ
۾ַȥܣŵе
Хľ߹ιַƮţԺһĸоȥȥ׽
ˣԺͼһγˡ
Ժеĵ񣬷·һبųĹŷ㲻
ңַ˸ܵͼ֮⣬ĸܵͼϣһħƣǳص·ÿһҪ硣
ǣһֹ
ַս£ѵܣΪṩһ׹ȥ
ǣ⹦ûκεּأҲû˵һ磬ȥܣ̫ˣַоܲ˼飬һǿҵֱ켣ȷʵһ׹ҷǳ


0501 תħ
ݣ
һХַ߲üͷţþеĹûƵƺԽԽ죬ȥɲС
һ˫بĺڰ֣֮ͫڰַ֮˫˸һ֮â̼䣬ַ͸оԼĸӦüĿ
֣
ַ̧ͷͺһ֮û֣֮𣬳Ĭ֮ȴִħƣħ塣
񣬵Ƿħ
ַ㿴֡Ʈĵоâ˸һַȴַ㿴δһۣƮƮĶŲܿˣƺûпǹȴޱȾ׼ܵ
ۣ֮
ַͫһһɿµĺڰ֮ħֵķħҲӲַͻȻоԼͫʱдһнţͫף·Ҫݽȥħϵ켣ݡ
һźڰĻȼն𣬻һ޴ĺַȥһнĹַ㣬ֻǶǷħݵޱȵĹ켣ħ쵱УϵԪ֮ӿ
Ԫַ֮ľȫۺϣûаģȫ뵽ħ͹켣Уȫû
ʱַûз֣֮УԪ֮ԼһصĹ켣ţ͹ڲͣƶŲƣʱĹλ졣
ңƺܶʼַͣеÿһ䣬еĽûκһ
ַϣһħĺڰ֮⸡֣ǹ켣ԽԽڰħ֮ɫ
һ죬ַѣȫѿˣʱһ˿ңǹĺڰħ켣ӵˡ
һɿµϢʼ¶ϢħϢȻַ嵱ѹƣħ¶ȴ޷ַַֻ֣͸ַ壬ĿľűħС˵ħ
֮⣬ַϣһɷħͼ֣ԽԽƮյеķħ񣬷ֲǷħ
ħͼ·ַеͼǶַϣķħʱͬʱַǹҲԽԽ죬ûԪ֮ǵһµַת
ǡꡭ
ٿʱַɫɷûһѪɫݽҧ촽·޾ʹ㡣
Ȼַ㣬ҧ֣ûΪʲô;УܶʱûΪʲôֱֱָֻǰУҪԼֱǴģһľֱֱַ֣͸ʱܷӵзħ־ͼǿԱġ
Ĺ켣ԽԽˣַȫһ֮ٿ˿ַ壬һں֮ɫżһƽ˸ǰɫļˣֻħ֮ɫɫȫסÿһһ©ǹ켣Ҳûַʶָʡ
ַɫѾǳħ֮켣ȴ޾ʹࡣ
˻˻ַ³ֻ죬һʹĲҽС

ַ˻ķħ켣øˣ϶ŷħ֮⣬ӡϵͼҲǰ
һε𣬽յҪȥķħס漴⻪˸£Ƿħ񣬾һ⣬ֱӺַеķħͼغϣȫȫһ

ַ³һް·˰㣬£ַƵĻҲ˲ϨӰΣѵַϲԪѾ֧ʹúˡ
ݣ
һµХַ֮ɱַһǣܶ
ȻַϣȴƽޱȵƽͲں
䣡
һѵ촫ǿֲХ֮﹥ַϣȴַֻ΢΢һ˿ʹûӦղ屻˺ѵʹʹʵ΢̫Щ
תħ壬ҲǷħ֮ˣ㹥޷ҵ
ַ¶һĨŨЦݣ貣еķħ̺µ־˵˼άҲ־У־ȴһĹתħɾͷħ𣬷ħ֮ǹ롣
ǰַ˵Ϲʱһ;ǿ֮⣬֮֮
ȻϹŷǳе֮ȴµŶĵ½ʷǿ󣬵Ǳ˹ǿɿԽԽ˲֮ͨߵ֮
͵֮ϵʧ壬壬ȱǿ幦֧ţҲûã֮ǲǿĻǼߡ
Ȼתħ´תħ۷ħȻһַǳǿ֮˵ıַõˡ
ȻַҲ֪ԼܹתħҲȫɺϣҪ֪תħҪĿ̣ûֻȥħ־ȫȥ
ַͷŵԱͿ£ټѾ־˲ܹ˳Ĺħ
ңתħ뻹һ̵ǺѾȱ֮˵ǿ󣬵ȴϡν˺һ֮
ַ㣬Ҳ̤˺һ֮
Щȱһɣټǿȥʹĥַ㿰ţתħתħ


0502 ǧħ
ַڵãŽĻָ˼˿ıϣһڲͣ䶯š
ַ㣬ֻҪһһͷͿڵľתħתϵĴתħ
侳Ϊ磬൱ӵмǧתħӵһǧתħͿȥӲ侳һǿߵĹӵǧתħͿԵֵ侳صǿӵһתħ侳޵Уһȭɺɱ侳۷֮ˡ
תħħתɷħħת𣬹֮ʱħ֮תϵѭγѭ֮ƣֹϢͣǿ
侳֮ʱͨϵѭһپתħζһ죬Ϊһתʵת֮󣬿۷塣
侳ֲͣÿһǧתħŴһУΪһתʵһ̨ףͬת֮󣬾۾ǧתħ۷徳
ַ㣬ΪѾ侳ؾ磬תħ֮ʱ׵ת죬СѭѾӵǧתħ侳ԼµĹ˺ֺ϶аķӦ
ǻǰַȻʹǿ׵ס侳صĹȻȴȥӲ˵侳صĹ侳һصǿϣҲˡ
ħ֮ǧ࣬ΪҵΪ侳أҲһĻټ˺һ֮ԼղǷħ־תħСѭڵĻٶҪϺܶࡣ
ַܵԼзħ֮תٶȣ˵һֲֿǿܹ֮Ŀͣıǿ
㱾ľܲתħõǿͬѵΣա
ַɴ˼תħâ˸ΧԪʯշ쾭תʱЩԪʯԪ֮ıַڣַ廯һµУļʡ
⻪˸ַ̺һŻ֮⣬֮£һԻ֮ɢָ࣬һ֮⡣
ţ
һַĿһԪʯеԪ
һʱַ̣оԼָ˲٣վϣһɿµԪȼն漴Ӷһȥ
еԻ֮ԽԽһƬˣЩХĹѾʧ·ʹûгֹһ
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ַͫһ¶һĨЦ⣬ַ̫㻹ûз֣ԭշ쾭Ƴλ֮ã̫֮ʵ
ӦҲǻԵʡ
ַ㰵˵ղ̴̤ţ߽УַҲʹù֮𣬵ȴûڵȻħ֮ʱþȻڽַȥתħֱʱշ쾭΢תܹþ
ַƬ̵Ĵշ쾭Ԫ֮ȫʱһȵ֮д
һâַ૵תħǧ粻
˵գַ˫ֻ֮ͫɫ嵱Уħڿն翵ĳյС
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ŲͣĴžתħ嵱вͣתַķɫҲڲϵı任ΨɫǲҰ֮ɫԵЩ¡
ʹ࣬תħıǿÿһѭ֮ͻǿһ㣬ַͬҲҪۣҪǿͱҪֹĴĴ߶ԣʹϱǿͬʱҪ޾ʹ
⣬ͬϹʱڵ֮ʧԭܹЩǿжԸȥרޱʹ֮
ַȴôΪҲ˵תħĹжǿ˵ǴǿʱͿԱˡ
һ룬ͬһ磬Է޷ӦһȭͷͿԺԷҪͨսвʤ֮
еַʹࡢҲʱ䣬ΨһǿκܹԼǿʱΣܴοǿ幦
ž첻ͣĴַĹֹ䶯ţʱַȴʹһߣֻеķħ񣬲ͣȥùתø죬ʵǿҲԽ졣
ַļϣһĨڰ˸ţһ죬ķħ֮ʧյеķħҪ뵽ַ嵱УĹѾ֧žתħתˣ˴εҲ˽
һµĹâһţַ£ž죬ǳ
ÿµС
ַǹһĨЦݣӵǧħֻҪһȭͷͿ׺ɱ侳صǿߣҪֻͨҪ򵥵һȭ
侳صǿߣҲҽսǿʲô侳Ҳһȭͷɣһɱ
ֻҪޣͬ磬ַ޵Уܱȡ


0503 ͼ
þռ䣬ʧַǰָһƬ֮ɫеһУ
û˺Хķû˸Ĺֻһʵ޻Ĺŵ
þʧ֮Ҳһֻһŵѣŵܿտûŵķǰʵַһۿȥֻ˼ԼһޱȾ޴ͭħħҲΪַĿġ
Ųַ̤ħ£Ҫ̧ͷܹħͷϿա
ʮ֮ߣǣ𺳡
ħ˵ַħһתħٶȶ켸֡
Ҳ֪λǰµģħ񣬱㲻֪γ͵ġ
ַһп˾޴ķħ񣬶˵ı棬̺־˾תħַ㶼оͷһ¶񣬵γڴˣѵǰ˰ƺЩܣǣǰǿǿֱͨӵһ嫾޴ķħ
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ַ޴ħϣȻһڵС֣ǲϸ»ֱӽ֮ӵ
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Ȼܹ֣ζԲѾ˾תħת֮úϧԵݴ㣬ڴ˵صħֻɲĪֺȻʵǿҲɽ֮ƶƺεȶиĪ֮ˡ
ڴˣ֮ˣ
ַĿ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ϊ̵Ц⣬ƺڵܱĹŵֻǱż֮أûзϹֻдһһọ́˳һԵִתħѱַõ
ֻΡģ
εҡҡͷ֮±Ϊʲôżǿ֮Ĺʵϣﲻǰ˲·ĵطһǿĹô򵥣ƽһ¡
ȻǰˣܿǧǰϹʱڵĸǿߣֻطһֱıڴˡ
Σ
ַЦҡҡͷƺŽЩԽܣ̫ˣʱµĵطǶԣǹżء
һ죬ҳΪǿߣߵĳطһ׹似һЩ֣ǷҲһ˹ŵżݵעӿ
ַͻȻ뵽૵һ漴оָֻ糣ʵ˵Ҳһƽ֮ʱѣƽȥȻɺܶ࣬ȥᡣ
ַľڵεɱţÿһεļʶľԣһ˼룬ʲô¶ûзȥ˼ȥ򣬱Ҳܹ벻ĺô
ħ룬ֻɲĪȥƶ
ַһ˻ص֮ϣ޴ĵ񣬴ͷβȴûпкβ֪֮ͬʲô
һϾ֮ϷѣȻǰںҺαҪ̫档
ַƵУһصĹ˸ͣɫ֮͸ĲĹâ
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ַ漴磬˲Ϣʧ¡һַ֮ӡǾ޴ĵ֮ϣǾ޴ĵʼ͵Ĳ
䡢¡
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ûʲôħƶ˺󣬲ûʲô֣֮һж糣
ַ̧ƣǳ֮С
ǿ󣬱㲻Ԫ֮սԳϵսȥ
ҲһϷԶѡ
ַ㿴ŶѾƫЩķħ΢΢ҡͷٿһΧ龰漴˵Ҳûʲôֵˡ
˵գַתǻ֮ȥޱȣͷ·ʲô鶼ûзһ
ڻ֮ȴַ㣬ַ淢һͳ˻
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ַ΢΢һĨȣܹõתħ幦ַѾˣУ˾޴ջ񣬲ڿֶ飬ûԴӻʳһˡ
ɽ˫һַƮȻȥò
ʯڵĴŻĹرգޱȵϣɽںһ𣬷·ɽŵûд䡢
ַ뿪֮󣬰Ĺŵ֮УȻ֮ڣû˿һħĽ£ûκιĵ棬ͻȻųһĿĹ貶ĶĿ
һʼݺύͣı任˸ţΪһͼ龰
һͼɽͼɽͼ
ͼϣɽˡɽٲȫӦоУԼһ
Ϊ˵£ͼ֮ϵͣڻеͼȻš
ܿ죬һɿµĳϢͼӶ续ĳͻأʧȻ޴棬ȡ֮ģ޾Ļ棬µĻ棬·ҪȼһеĻ档
ǸͼҲȫ֣ͨĻ沼أȫĿռ䶼֡
ͼУΨл棬żмӰ֣Ҳܿͻᱻûɡ
ʱַûڵĻ϶𾪷ǳһͼд˵
䣡
ͻأģһɻ˳ͻȻͼ֮⣬ֱ뵽տĴУͼп̻Ļ棬ӻ˳⣬̫ˣ
ַڵĻҲǰ˵ĪҪħ


0504 
ʳǵУ̸ַ֮ʥԺؽƺʳǡ
ַ֮ÿһնἰᵽˣǳ羴Ľжʱܹӵ֮ʸ񣬱һֵҫ֮¡
ȻҲж˶ַǳˬ˿ƺ֮վŵһӰ
Ѿѩ¹һʱյʱˣΪһˣǰȴûкһ𣬲Ϊ츳ǿûʸʵϣǳ˻ӷ糾Լʹ֮⡢Ψһһλѩ¹ʹ֮ˡ
ʵϣǲμѩȵٳûжǵĻб
Ϊʱ仹δȫȷ֮ʱ˭Ҳ֪׽ֻΣЩŶԣһͷͻΪأ
ͬȾʱ򣬼һ˵ʵһǿһһʵͻһأʵǿ񲻵תһܴ
һ˶ԣǿһؾˣܹ׵ɱͬǿˡ
ȴôΪΪġ
ʮΪ侳أ츳ܳĵӣûмʹУΪԸУΨҡ
ַܹɱ侳ǿߣ֪󹦷ǰк棬Ŷ̤
૵ƺڡ
ƺڣվУĿĮע࣬ȴû˸ҳһ߳ɱ
ʮλŮʵǿƺʵһĴڣַ㲻ڣûܹʲô
Ҳִַֻܹ֮˲Żд˿̾档
ַ㲻ǺܿѾʱΪι֮ڣ̤ŶңЦ
˵һݿټƺڣܹƮǰֵȺҲЩɻ
˺ţսַ㣬Ϊַȴһֱѵη˲ɣ
оԣַһ˻ɱλ侳ǿߣ˻侳صǿѹƣη֮ģַṳ̂ƺڣҲڱչҲһ
ƺвˣһĿĮ࣬ʱҲʶȻһ֧ǿǺǿ侳ǿ߲࣬һЩʵǿˣ˶࣬ҲãܼܲʿԸһˡ
ƺڵÿһˣҪʵҪˣַ㲻ڵ£Ҳܹһ棬ǿ󣬶ֻһˡ
˴ǰΪ룬ַٲӣĪɱƺڣѪɺӡ
ຮûȻޱȣַ㲻ɱȥɱƺڡ
û˻Ӧֻƺǰϵ建תȺ˵һߡ
˵գһֱ̤ƺڣһ
áܺá
ɫһ漴Ųһ磬Ӱ˲ϢʧԭأֱӵƺǰŲһ磬̤ƺڡ
ַ㲻ɱ
̤ƺڵһֻ̣ǰӰģƺЩŤ翣һ̣ʧǰ
󷨣
һ̤ƺ˲Ϣʱ䣬һжƺ˿̵Ҳ濴龰ֻаɫ֮жʧȥ
ŲһԼٶȳǰȥƬ̺ԼУ߲ȥƺĳ
ɫӲǣνþãͬڻãӰ˵ĸй٣ñ˸оʵһУǲúõ⾳У
ʱǰͳһȣƺ޾Զ߲ȥ
󷨡һ׻󡣡
ƺȺĿȫһǵǰһˣһˣȻǸղЩվƺڵˣֻ˿̣ǺһλãȻԿ࣬࣬ȴѿˡ
֮أһ֮𣬽峹УֱʧȺС
󷨣û뵽ƺڣȻһ׻󣬷ֹУҲ֪Ǻ
а˵ƺȡѩʥԺʳǣҲһЩ׼Է⣬󷨣侳صǿ߶
ǻϵƺڣǵĿȴôɣΪȫ󷨲Żᱻǻһ󷨵侳֮ˣ̫á
ң˵ַģַٳٲأǷ񻹻ǿ߹ĻƺھЩˡ
ô£
Ⱥ˼֮ʱһԶԶĴƺڵȺĿ΢عͷǱ㿴һһ޴Զ
棬䲻ϳ߿ƺڵȺϵӰҲ¶һĨЦ⡣
ַ㣬ˡ
ֻҪַһⶼģַѾǳѪƺڵ
ַ侳侳һ˶侳ǿߣɱͽ侳֮̽ȡЩǶһ·ţעַһ
ʱǻпһַ㣬·ûʲôǰУֻҪַ㲻ձص
ַ㣡
ҲĿ̣ѹַһֱûгһսԭַͲƺڣֱڲŻ
ϷԿˡ
ХַĽŲֱӴϿⲽǰ˸ŷâȴǻпȥ
ַ㣬Գ࣬ǰȥһطһ˵Ҫдһ㲻ڣɱˣ̤ţɱԼ̤ţɱȥűþ
϶ַһַվһĿ˸һĺ⣬


0505 ǿĨɱ
Ųһ磬ַӰʧȺǰֱ̤С
ԻַӰַ֣࣬ʧȺߵУ֮⣬Ҳ֪ǻлᷢʲô
ڻڣ岻ͣŲ˸ţüͷ壬ͼѰҳڡ
ʱһ΢ĽŲͻأһ
建ת㿴վһӰҪӰü˿˿ɷ
ַ㣿
üͷһһ
ַûӦֻĮĿң
ַĻ¶һĨЦ⣬ȳþɣʵǿʹҪдһ
αسþˡַ㵭˵һɫһ棬þҪԿ
̫ԼˣԸ㣬ĻҪûþַĮ˵£ŲӰ磬˲Ϣ㵽ǰֱӾһȭɱȥ
ߣ
ֱַӶ֣һַô󵨣侳֮ˣȻֱȭͷײԪ֮ûеⲻ
侳֮ӵе侳Ტۡ
˵ȭͷܿһ𣬷һ졣
ײһ˲䣬㽩ӲַУһɿֲϮ屬ˡ
ǿַÿ£ȭȸҪӲ
û׷ַֻĮĶ࣬䡣
Ҳַͬ㣬ȭͷϴһ֮УһԪȭתһЩ
ˣַ㲻С
һ
ַ㵭Į˵һ漴ŲɫӲǣַ㻹ַ֣УʹЩţǷ
ƵУһҰ̧֣֮ȭͷûбˣһγַ˳ȥ
Х֮ȭУһͷӰ֣ǧ֮ƣַȥ
󹦷֮
¡ԵԻͣĲַȭͷڶײһ˭ûˣ嶨
ҲˣҲֻʹǧ֮һȭɡජַ۾һЦЩ㵽潭һ𣬿ˣҾͿɱ㡣

Ļ£ַһɿµĺɫԪתֲޱȵϮͨȭͷѹȵϣ΢ٶȱˡ
һĻɫһղޱȣһ˲ַͽˣоܶ档

ŭһϴһԶХϣ·֮Ӱڶ
󹦷󣬱ڲϢ̤һУ𣡡
ȵЯ֮廯һ磬˾ͬ㣬˳ֲޱȵĳַ㡣
ͬһͷڣ֮ǿ󣬿֪
񱼵ͬʱ·ռ䶼ҪŤ㡣
侳Ϊַ֮еһĹ󣬺ɫĹ岻ϵתţȭͷһɫ⡣
һԣתħжǿ
ַûаŲһ磬˳һȭǰɱȥ
һȭռ·ҪŤһȭĹâڸеһУħ֮ȭ
ǧħ
䡢¡
Хħŭ֮ǧħײһ𣬿ռŤַ֮侹·γɣֲķ֮С
ôܡôܣ
ɫӲ󹦷ڹ֮ǴɱһУ侳صˣֻҪ֮ɱУɡ
Ȼַ㣬һ侳֮ˣ˵ýֶͨΣ侳صĲΣܹ⣬ַ㣬ֻƾһȭޱȿֲһȭ·Ҫѹ֮
ַŲǰһСڰħٶתڣµֱۣһ죬壬һαˡ
ˣ֮жԷǧħ
ȻһжԶûн˵ʱȴоǰһַӰһɱ֣֮һ
ɱ
ַͺһһȭɱ
˫ִټֵַµȫϣһ˿Ѫ
ÿ£ַ̫ˣңƺҪһȥۼԪ֮ʹּ̧֮䣬ǿµ
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䣡
䡭
һ𺳶µͣĴдƺȺĿⶼ˿˿Ķ󷨣ǿ𶯣浽׷ʲôַں࣬ڲͣĺַ㣿

һХ֮ıʹ֮⣬
ַ㣬̫ˣȻǲַ㣬ɱƺڵˣˡ
Ⱥа˵ʱ󷨵УȫѪǿǶĤѪַһȭȭĺͣƲϼأҪ
ٿʱַ㣬һɷ񣬶࣬׼ٴκɱ
Ҳսˡ
ŭһַַ֣Ųһͣս
磬ǰҪ㣬֮ȥϴѩµ潭һҲȥ
ֶַ㣬ʾս
ַ¶һ˿Ϸʵɫһȥȥ֮ǰҪ
ֻǴѡɫһΨп־֮ɫ
㴫ɱƺ֮ˣ㻹Ҫɱƺڣղ˵ɱֱɱң
ַоЩЦ̫࣬ЦˣֲУʾ˵Ǵģ
ɫӲѿַ㡣
Ҫַ³һӰӰ磬ǧħȫȫϣһ˽ӲѪԽΪ漴ּһ˸Ԫ֮Ϯ罣
Դ


0506 Ծ
ƺڵУһӰӹַӰֱ
棡
ַ£Ӱ磬˸˲Ϣַ£ֱӳкХȥ쵽ȺûзӦ
ĿǣȺ󣬵䶯ţƺãһȥ¶һӰڵϵӰ

˶³ǵ֮µģһʬ壬ͷʬ壬Դˣֻһ̲ѪǣĿġ
ַ㣬
ȺͷʵѾǳǿˣۿɱ˼ˣַһ֣ǿ̬Ĩɱûκε档
ַʵҪ˵Ѿж֤ˣǿ࣬޻ֻ֮¡ƺȫַڹ
Ҳַ֪ȥˡ
Ⱥ²֮ʱвͣ˸ţһЩʱ̣潭졣
Բ֮ҹ潭֮ϣַڴѩ£ྐྵȻ˵Լ潭ôַǡ
Ȼַ㵽潭֮ʱ㿴潭һӰЩһųɫĿⶢַ㣬ֳַ֮УЩ˵۾ǻһ
ַ̤֮ϣɨȺĿһ⣬Ƕڵң
Щʮλ֮࣬ĿⶼǷǳķʵԶǿûһߡ
ԣܾˡ
һų۵΢΢ͷƮϲ
֮ˣ
ַһѩ¹δ˵ôһӦòѩ¹֮ˣ࣬ӦҲǡ
а̣
䵭Ŀڣַ˵ַ㣬ûɱ㣬ҪаԳ㼴ˣҲֵýˡ
ˣȻȫһȺ
ַ¶һĨ֮ɫӻʹɽϵҹ翪ʼַûжйӡνʹѩȴ֪͵һĿˣΪǣɱˣһ裬ű졣
ֿʼֶϮɱԼ࣬ȻȺа̵ˡ
ֻһĿģҪַ
ʵôյġ
ô֪һ
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ӵ˵ͻһЦ糾ַֻһ֮ԵֶַԸƶϳַһ
ôǲҲ֪У
ַ͸һĨ⣬糾Ȼϵ潭ôǲҲ֪ȥᱻɱ
Ͼ糾ǼʵģʵԸĻҲ˽⡣
Ȼֻ¶һЦ⣬ַ̾ף糾ҪȥЦΪԼǿһɱƺȥ
Ҳ޷ŵӣȻΪƴĿˣҶΪڽܳӣڵһΪԼж߰мʹ֮ˣźãӵȥ㣬ǽ赶ɱ˶ѡ
ַ˵ַüͷһ漴¶һĨЦ⡣
ɱңԼȴûоԵš
ַĻöԷ΢΢һĿַһۣ漴Ҳ¶һĨЦ⡣
ַ㣬ܴ
糾赶ɱˣҵɱ࣬һȥ࣬ڵǿѩΪิֻҪҽûҸǱȻ֮£ʱѩһҲս⣬ʱڵ϶Ҳᱻɡ
ַһĨ⣬֮ˣһǷǳˣ糾Ҳˡ
а֮ɱңҲǲΥ糾ĻԹģɱȻãûɱҷһɱôͽ֮ڣ֮࣬һڱȻ͸˷糾аҲһֵûСƺĵ°ɡ

һַ²ûа̣ʵҲһֻǷ糾ӣֻɲ࣬ô÷糾ãղұַĨɱҲҪַĿڽഫȥ
а̣ջȫɱ㣬ǲұɱϣ֪ܽĴȥԣֻûбסаַȻѾ²⵽ˣҲزأֱ̯˵
ҪĻԻ˵糾ҪȻùġ
ַкâ˸а֮˵Զˡ
áԷ˵ͷĿأַʵŹڻʹҹ磬Ĩɱʹһսɱʹսڶʹûɽ۹ʹַֹŰݡ
аǿַǿߣСġ
а𡣡
һʱЩ˵Ӱһ˸ַΧУǵϣһɳȿµĻԪ֮ȼն
а̵Щˣȫǻޣ湦ۻԪ
һŻǵǰ֣ЩȵĻȼգǹɳ֮ɫ⣬мֲ԰֮ɫֲ԰׵Ļ棬żа졣
ۡۡ
а̵Ⱥ˫һʱһŻ滯һ֮зž졣
ɱ
ͺһȺγַɱȥһɳ֮ⲻϵȽַ㣬ַ㾹м֮⡣
ﾡɻҵĻȻͬ
ַ㿴ЩԼȺĿһϵԪתϨһɿµĻڶ
̫֮𣬴շ쾭ַ̫Ļһа̵ȺоԼĻܵѹƣ΢мήңͬʱǵͫҲһû뵽ַ㣬Ҳó棬ַĻǵĻҪǿ


0507 ᦵĿֲ
ɱ
һͳĺһ泯ַߣһɳ֮⣬ַ㾹ܵһɭϢ
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ڶʹҲ¶һĨ̵ЦݣַԼҪ׵ֻҪ˲ʱ䣬ַܹϣܵϼҫ׵ĺַ㲻ҲҪˡ
Ȼɽ۹ɽĿ΢ֱַֻۣʱֱַϣһţкڰ֮⣬·һɿµתֻ׵Լڸǵˡ
ڣ׵罫ûȺΪַҪܵ׵ʱǷַ֣ɿˣһϸ΢׵մֱַۣȴƺַûκεӰ죬޷ַֺ
ַڴ˿Ҳˣһ㣬˲Ϣ뿪ԭأǰǰһף⼫̵һףӴڶʹ
ڶʹͫһַٶȺÿ죬Ȼ
׵硣
µ׵˲Ϣַȭͷɺɱȥ͸׵֮µ׵ַϣûа㷴Ӧַͣһ¶ܡ
ǧĥѹһС
䣡
ַȭͷ˵ڶʹԴϣûκε⣬ڶʹԴǧħĺɱ֮£ֱӱѣͷ­ʧ
ɫ׵ڵڶʹϣϹ⵱УһѪ
ȺȫӲͷֹ
ˣ
յĽַ㱻׵𣬶ǵڶʹַһȭ䱬ͷ­
𺳵һĻһʱ޷Ӧλã˼飬Σ֮£ַ㾹ܾطƺַ㱾õһڶʹֲ׵ɱ֮ȭͷȥ
һȭ̫ˣ׵磬͸׵磬һȭɱ
ǿ
ȺͷһַıɱһȫԸһֻΣַսΪľµһȭ
һɫӲǾͷʬƺڶ
ˣ侳ؾĵڶʹҲַɱַ㣬ǿ
ɽУ¶һĨЦ⣬ӣ˺öֶΣôǿ


0512 ڵѪҺ
似ֶͨΡ
ַ㣬͸׵磬ɱ˵ڶʹı󵽵ʲôεȵ˸ǿ׵綼ӵˡ
ַϣƺһصĹ⻷˶ڡ
糾ַ㣬Ŀ絶䡢̹ǣʵַ㣬ɱ侳صǿߣǿڶʹҲַɱˣҲζţַʹȷʸַʵ棬˴ѩµʹ֮֡
սһˣɱһˣڶʹֻҲսʤַ㡣
ʱַֻת糾ϣǷٶһ࣬â·һгַȥ
ˡ
һͳַ³ôƽȴһеѹǷ糾ַһ仰о΢Щ
ַڻɱڶʹ֮ڿ糾ҲҪҲҶ
ӵ£ѩ¡
糾΢΢ϣ漴ſâһ³ƺ̾Ϣһ̾ϢıȴޱŨɱ֮
ʱȺܹޱĸܵ糾¶ɱ֮糾Ҫɱַ㣬Ҫַ㣬˶ֹɱַ㣬ַҲɱˣƺҪһ
ַ㣬ʵǿ󡢶ҼѾ糾ȵ²̨ĵزˡ
Ⱥа˵糾Ҫַ⣬͵Ϯɱַ㣬ҲԤϵȻȺû뵽ַ㣬˶ֱ̤ʳǣѩ¹Լɽ۹֮˵棬糾Ҫ֮ˣ硣
ңַ㻹˵ɽ۹ʹɽַ֡
Ȼ𾪵ɻַǿʵȻַĨɱʹļˣһսȺַԵڶʹӦսģʵȴԵڶʹַɱڣս糾
ʵȷҾȣҵ󡣡糾³һռж΢˿˿ѹɱĺ
ǣӵеʵ־أģȻǰѩ¹Թôڣʶһҵʵɡ
糾£̧ͷ˫ֻƣڰԪ֮ڷķǳĿ¡
֪֮Ӻζ
糾ʵַĿ΢ȺҲ΢£ÿȵֶĺ壬ҲˣӺζ˶֪ʵˣҲ֪Ψл֮˳⡣
糾ҲûΪַܻشԼǧǰһĲǳԼһƬƬҰ֮أŰΪģ࣬衢ͳΣЩޣǿ󡢿£ͳκ缸ʮｮģһͷµޣ𣬻Ϊε𡣡
ȺĿ΢Щ⣬ڼǧǰȻǱͳεġ
𣬼£ͨ硢׵磬ȫóյĲǳأ˭Ҫ޾¾ɱĲбΣ˶η𡣡
糾Թ˵˵
ʱһСϣһ꣬ʮ֮ʱһۣһԵĹС˳꣬ĸĸˣȫŰ֮£Լȡ磡
ʮ꣬ԹڴֻҰɱޣͣĳɳȾѪ¾ʮ꣬һ䣬ɱͳ䣬֮粿䣻ʮ꣬첿ɱս̲䡢̲ǳأ粿䣬չΪǣ磬Լ񣬲ͣɱޣʮ꣬ɱŭ𣬴ɱһգѪɺӣޱɱܾˣ֮ʧ٣֮Ѿ˷
ܶ˶Ϊˣ֮бɱָֻ࣬ƽūۡͳΣû˷ˣ˶磬ǸҴȥˣȻʧ٣ˣȴٲȻΪһ
ֱʮͬǴմС֮߳ʱŵƾۣǣȴѾû˹磬һγȺߵУһ꣬ʮꣻһ꣬ߵģɱģޱ̣Ѫأһ꣬һӣѹֵѪڷڣ¹ģǣʼɨķһ˺޵Ŀ֮սչԼһ֧µĲӣҡ
糾Խ˵ԽǳУ޷԰ΣУ͸һɽ·ٹ⣬ԡϡ
û޿ֹ磬ڵ߳ˣɱ磬һʢսչһսʱս䣬˽ƣԪľȻ𣬱˺ѣ̵ѪҺˣԼѪУʷ˾ĶǵһĻ磬ӵǳزһͳΪȡ硣
糾Ļ΢һƲÿһȶ䳾ʷЩٽΪһˣһƾյʮɾ֮λ̫ˣʹĥѣҲȻȺû뵽ġ
ַҲûдϷ糾ǰ˵Ҫ׷Ѱ֮;ȻⲻȥѰǰ㼣ûйȵƣߵ¼ֻ־ͣΨдη֮ˣһǰ׷Ѱܲͣʵǡ
糾˵Щֻ֤ߵǿ󣬶Լֻ廳ѣûʲôֵ԰ģ糾ģǳ廳˵ҫ
һͳ֮һֱΪѪѪҲʼɱ䣬ѪѪҺ޵ѪҺ졢ΪµѪҲϵĴһֱڣҵϡ
糾£˫ǣһɿµϢӣϣ͸һɷϢѪҺʼѪڡ


0513 Ѫ
Ⱥŷ糾Ƕܹĸܵ糾ѪҺڷţһɿµϢĴܶš
꣡
һ촫Ⱥͫ׶һֻڷ糾ϣɫ͹ǣ͸ϢҲԽӵĿ¡
ǡꡭ䣡
һռ糾ͷ죬Ŀ͸һâıһаǣں֮ɫбǣԵʲ˵״а˸ڵĹ
֮һڷ糾ϲͣţһɺڰϢڲͣķţǳµϢƺһڰ󣬽糾ȫС
糾ü֮һڵĹ⻪ͣתţüڣһּӡڷ糾üġ
磡
аķ֣ӡǣ÷糾ͫ׶øӵаˣ۽΢΢ѪȻѪ֮Ѫꡣ
ȺͷϹʱŰʵҲڸǿЩȵˣǳ£ǿߣʼ棬ҲΪߣɾѪ֮ϵ糾ͺѩ»֮һ̳Ѫ֮
糾˫ͫ׶Ⱥ͸оԼ·޶Ű㣬ܺ䡣
ڷ糾Уһɿµĺɫ֮﷭ǻ棬ȴּڰ֮ɫĻ棬һתţŻһ׵磬棬׻
ǿ󣬾ͨ硢׵磬糾ӵѪ̺֮硢׵硣
磬Ϊа׵磬Ϊ糾ŵһŻ֮⡣
糾ÿ¡
Ⱥͷ΢˿̷糾ǵĸоǿ¡𺳣糾̫
ַ糾һսȤˣ˶Ʋ磬ѵһţе˶ַ֪㣬ͬӵѪ꣬תѪַֻڵѪ֮Ũƺûз糾ôߡ
ˣǿ˭Ҳ֪
صĹɽĿ΢ŷ糾ʱ̫ˣ˷ֱ治֮˾ȻǺЦꡣ
Ҳ֪糾ʵȻҲû뵽糾ôǿѪ֮Ũƺܸߣȷʵѵһţַһս˭ϧˣҪһ̫ˡ
ڵľǣַͷ糾˭ݣҪɱ˶ԷŻݣԼҲ˵˲Ԥֻȥսս
ɽĿⲻɨ˶һۣĺͷ糾һͬΪҵϵѪӵѪһǳǸҪ糾һҲûչֹԼʵȻѩ°˴ǰֻģսҲǸա
ЩҵļһûһǼ򵥵ģǴпµİ˴֮׵Ķ޵ѩôûмһ棬˸Ͳӣ⵹Ҳ޵Ը˳߲ΨңĿˡ޵
ַҲŷ糾ĿĮ׻𣬱ȵڶʹ׵绹Ҫǿң糾öԸ
ַ㣬˿̣кθ룿
糾˫׻ĿĮַ㣬һƺ³
룿ַ㶢ŷ糾ĮֵΪǣ䣬ɲֻһӵѪ
ַ㻰£ŭͷգҡϣȫŭ
һϹڲ֮ϣһͷͷߣ֣꣬ͬ衣
ңͷ֮׵м䣬һڤ֮⣬һӡǣ㣬ǣַ굮֮ꡣ
ţ
糾üͷһɫĮַ㣬Ȼ˫ңлһڤףƺҲһ֡
ľһǿҵȷвܴ󣬵ڣ侳صѪ꣬侳صѪȡ
糾Į˵漴Ųһ磬ڰ֮һźڰĹתҲԭʧ
վǵַֻǰڹû漴һɿµĻϢԼסһʧ
꣡
ڰ׻֮յУƬռΪ֮һͣĸ׻֮䣬ϧַȴѾԭˣ˵˼֮⡣
ӣӵõ𣿡
糾Ц֮Ϲ⻪ת˫ͫԽΪΰڶٶʧ
һɻѹ֮Լַͫ׻֮ɫ֮˸Ϩ·Ҫ糾͸
糾յĳչһӵ֮糾Ǽ̳еѪ꣬˸ϢȴӸѸͣǲ֮пֲҲɱˡ
ң׻𣬺ܿ£ӡϵĻַܹɱ֮޷ֵס׻
ַͷ糾Ͼϲ󣬶糾ʵҲǿͨ侳صˣûʲô֡
ǧħ׻ײ¶ᱻɻַаһǧħǿǵǧħѹǰƾͿԽ糾׻ѹһȭתħ֮ѹһС
ֻϧڣֻǧ
꣬ûһУɡɣں֮˶̣ȻǱ׻ҲҪܴǾˣͷ糾󾳽硣
ܹͷ糾ײģֻڤ֮ڤһҪȫԪУɱ˷糾
ַз糾ʵǿӵѪֱ֮󾳽磬ҪԸ糾ɱڶʹ࣬Խսû⣬Խ󾳽磬ѣһСĿ»ᱻ糾ץסɱ
ַ˼ͬʱȴֹХϹ⳯ŷ糾˹ȥһϹ˲ͱ׻ˣʲôʣַӼԼжϣڤѶԸ糾


0514 ײ

һƷٶƮַʧʧ˲䣬糾ŵ׻֮һκɱˣڿռŰ
ݣ
а£糾Ҳͬʧַ㣬졢ӵ֮ӵٶȶҪַܶ࣬ٶԶ糾µԼԷַһζܲ
ַĿ죬˲ϢĿ죬һ
һ˸ַܿµĻ׻֮Աӹ˺ѿ˸ȥٹغϷ糾ܻʱ˸ʱѾڲ̡ͣ
ַԼҲ޾Ϲ⿪ʼӳȥ

糾˸ٶȳַɱ޾ɫȫ˳糾
糾һ˿Ц̧ͷ׻֮£ɫĴȫٻ٣ûʣ£·ʹڰ㣬˳Щ룬糾ַɱȥ
͡͡
촫ַϣһ˺ѿռɱâնšɱ
ꡣ
׻֮뽣âײһҫ֮⣬漴Ⱥ㿴ɱâ׻֮бʧɱ֮ɵס׻
糾ȵڶʹҪǿܶ࣬ڶʹ׵ǿ糾׻ٶҲǵڶʹܹȵġ
ȺаΣƺַЩȥĻܿᱻ糾ɱ
ַƺڰͫĮŷ糾ûа٣糾ǿ磬ս֣̫⣬ֻἤϵս⡣
𽣹֮һη糾ͣҲûмŶ֣ǶַЦ
أΣ
糾аĿ͸ӵĹ⻪ַ츳ǿ侳֮Կ侳أַɱɡ
侳֮ˣԸ侳صңԵã治֪ǷΪе߳ܣˡ
ַ䵭˵һϣһɿµսɱ֮Ŷ·Ҫȼ
ܵɱս⣬Ⱥͷַ㣬ȷʵԶǳܼѹܹн֮ɾۣͣǿҲ壬Ψս
糾ĿɭȻ˿̵ռžԵϷ磬Ȼ侳֮˶Ը侳صˣ˲ɱ׾ٲŶԣȷûʲôҫʸһεսȻΪȻҲΪַʵ̫ǿиͺַ㱾Ϊֻǵǿս
׼ɡ
糾˵˫ŵ׻𾹻ĺϲһ飬µĺڰ׵֮гһڰ׻֮⣬˺ѿռ䣬ͣ˸ţ˸оƬضҪ
һżµĻ׻۳Σ糾˫දµ׻ͫ׶ַ㣬ɱ֮Ũ
糾ַκεĻᣬֻб׷ַ㣬׻ӡַУֻҪ˲ַܽݻ٣ַ㻯Ϊҽʱ˭˵ˣɽǷ񻹻֮ˣַҰ
ɽַ÷糾бһڶڶһҪ³ûкַսֱķʽҪַһٴݻ٣ɽǿ
ַǻĹȻܹо̺Ŀ

¿ַһɷԪӿԪ̫֮֮𣬽ռ䶼
µĻһ𣬳ַǰ۹ȥһڰ֮Σַ㣬ûа֣ȫԪͷţΪڤ֮䡢ڰšɱ
Ⱥͷַ㣬ҲŭˣȫԪԪҪľΪľǶԿ糾׻
ַ۵ĺǻ෴šѹ֣ûпµĻ֮ţû˻ỳµĻ
糾Ҳַεĺһ㶣漴ǹһĨаЦ
ǿֶ˰ɣȻˣôݻҲĿ
糾Ц˵УַԪ۵ĺ׻ǿľַô࣬Ԫ֮Ũ̶ȣҲԶַܱȵġ
ȥɡ
糾һŭȣַ˸쵽˼顣
磡
ַĿĮ΢ƮϿնȥûȥͷ糾ײȺһ㶣ַ㣬ս
һĳַ֣Ļᦣַֻ㽫ᦼӭ̫չ
еڤоַ΢п»ĳַеڤȥַ㣬̫еĻ档
յУҫ£ӡڻᦵ̫ͼ֮ϣûϲ̫֮⣬Ż£ӡַϣĿҫۣ̫ᦡַ㣬·һ
ÿµַ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôȻֱӽ̫֮
Ⱥа𾪣ַ㲻ǲսҪռ״̬ȥӭս糾Աøǿ
̧ͷ糾еַ㣬Ŀһ⣬üĵּҲתһĹ
ַ㣬ȥ
ŭһһΣ糾ٶȿ쵽ޣ˲Ϣ
ɱ
һΣַûܣתգµɱ֮¿ȥռ䵱ȫɱнŰ˺ѿռ䡣
¡
һͳ죬ȺֻоԼ嶼ζ£ҫ۵׵֮ͳŵڤײһ𣬿µĺڰ׹Χǧ֮ȫǺ֮⣬ͣ˸糾ַ嶼С
͡͡͡
̶Х֮׻ͺڰ͸һ𣬶˺ѶԷݻٶԷǹɿֲĻŰſռ䡣
¡̫ˡ
׻֮ڤ֮ôǿ󣬶ڳŶԷȥ˭Ҳ޷˲ݻ˭ûһڿռըѣǲͣͷŻ֮⣬ϵȺȫ˸Զ˱ܿǿµĻ֮֮ռ䷢͵죬汻˺ѿһѷ죬Ŀġ


0515 
֮ӳַͷ糾ϣǵӼΪ죬һŹ⻪ͣҫ
͸мĻ֮⣬һһ£ĿԣŽԷľģ˭
ַ㣬ڡ
糾³һǿҵţһΣһҪɱַ㡣
ڣַйһĨǳЦ³һ̫ˡ
ţҲҪʵԪľȫ뵽Уҿʲôֵҡ
糾͵˺һ飬ֲĹɣֻʱ糾ֻоһźڰ׻˸ͣĿ¡
糾أַѾȫԸ
ȺĿһһΣַˡ
ַ¶һ˿̵ɫûǷ̣µĲ֮Хͷֺ֮ںϣַļͷ֣һǣַһתŷ糾
ߣ糾ЦһĺɫȻſĴţԵֵַˡ
֮ꡣ
ַаһһŲҰ׵ӷ·ҪƮĲŷ糾ȥ÷糾һ
깥
糾Ŀ΢̣漴ĮĲӰңɡ
˵գ糾Ȼһµ׻𲨶ٶУ׻ڤڱͣĲʳڷ糾ֻҪַԪһյַʲôսɡ
𣿡ַĮ˵ϣƲл˳ȫӡ֮굱Уһɼµ겨֮˳ȥε겨ûκ赲ڷ糾ϣ÷糾һüּ΢΢£˼֡
糾ܵҲ޷У˵ԴЩ㱣еĻ׻ܵӰ졣
ɱ
ַſ죬һµ³һԪ˳ȥɱԪһޱȵ
ţ
ȺһĻͫ׶һսƺתַ㿪ʼ糾ˡ
֮иܵɿԪ糾һҧûκԥֱӽо׻ɱȥһ¡촫һԪ˲𣬵ַȴһĨ̵Цݡ
糾֮ʱǿ׻ԿһԪð
ɡ
ַŭһ裬е¶͸һɼµɱɱһСһС
£ڤѹȶ£ͬʱŭХ֮ںϵĲ֮곯ŷ糾˹ȥ
糾Ȼһҧ촽ǿҵʹľ˼֣µ׻˸ݣȫҪˣײ˹ȥ
¡
ըѵķ籩ŰַȻѹȥŰ׻ĺȫʧӰַȴûƬ̵ͣѹȥ˫ȭ֮ϣһµתݣǧħ
䡢¡¡
ըѵ˷ײ˺ҧ׻״񣬶ڵֵķ糾Ͼ˼ѹȶµַ㣬ַ˫ȭͬʱؿڣɿµо·඼Ҫѵ첻ͣĴ
ܿµǸղַɱڶʹһȭһϡ
һѪӷ糾³ĿĶַ㣬˸ȥ
ӣӣ
ַһŭХٶȴײ쵽ϣֱӽ嶼סַһ顣
ɱ
ַٶһŭȣַ˲Ϣ٣µȭͷɱٶȴ糾ٴαˡ
䡢䡢ǡ
һµ첻ͣĴ糾屻Ĳƣ޷ѣַÿһȭϣȫĹҪˣʵǿҲ˵ŰݲС

һʹĺһɿµں֮ӷ糾˳ѪҺ·Ҫȼ˱øӵ

ǿնڲϵĴϣ֮ն糾ĺ󳷡
ᦡ
ַŭһƮ֣ͬʱĽŲҲ˳ȥǱնϵĴٶȥ糾ס
ʱķ糾ϢҵĲѾǸ֮ˣԡѪ·Ƿһڵҵ˳ͣնں괥֡
һϣоĳȣ̧ͷ糾ͿַվϿգŻᦣ
廳ȱ֮ҫעҫյܹ𣬵㣬ȴѪ޷ӳʲôʸ廳Ȼ޷ѪҰɡ
ַ㻺˵嶯̫֮Ļ趯ֱӽ糾С
糾˲ӡ˻֮ϣһɿµĻܵȼ塣

糾˻𺿽УҪӻгǰ̫ǿѾֵˣֻŻļ尾һıʳ
𡭡
һŭ֮ںϵ껯ףڻ֮ϣֱŷ糾ɵϵѪ֮
棬糾壬ϵ׻꣬Ѫַ㱾ĻĨ糾Ļǣ÷糾ܹõȫòˣĨ
Ȼ޷ѪҰɡ
ȺֻоͷҲ𺳣ʱеһĻ̫ˡ
ַҪĲʤҪģǷ糾ϵľ׻ѪɵĳĨ
ںϵѪֱ֮ɣ׻ַ㣬̫ˣ侳Ϊѣǿ󣬵ȵ֮Ǿ̫ˡ


0516 Ĩ
ŷ糾һıʳȺվڵһеԸӡ
ˣӵ£ɵʣ£Ѫȫûˡ
ЩȺһ𾪵ĿһĻľҵĲţǵĻӣˡ
ǿߣȫһ˵ϣַ㡣
Ƭַ̺عϣ̫ҲСУ漴ʧַϣ¶һƣɫƣ
֮ϣȺһۣ漴ȻˣҪ뿪
ӵڶʹʹҲǿȫˣﲻûκεļֵʱ٣뿪Ϊ
ַĮͫһɨǵϣиһ˿֮ɫ
ߣߣ̫𣿡
˵գַĽŲһߵ̤ȥǧħתֱַӾһȭɱڶԷϡ
Ӷ֮ʹʵ뾫ƣߵַһսһֻܵȴû뵽սֱӱһȭɱˣɱ
˿ʹֱɱʱս⣬ֻ뵽ӣȻʱͻأĴ֮س֣·ƾЩһۣճǹɱǿңûκεֱͣӾͶ֡
µϢڿռӣɱŰЩ֮˼һ𣬳ֱɱܿ죬ЩӶݵ֮һĵ£ѪС
ַŲͣûжȻ˳֣ȻҲöֻҪǶ㹻ˣĿⲻɨ˶һֻۣʱĶĿƽЩ֮ɱ֣ûֹҲȥֹ
ַ㵱ȻףЩʹɱֵȺǶĵˣûжĵǲֵܶģģҪȫѩ¡
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Щ׷ǵĻӵɽ۹ʹһͲܻ뵽Ľ֣ȫѩ¡
һʧ̫ˣʹ츳ߵһЩˣˣ츳µķ糾Ҳˡ
ǵʬߣĪҪǰ顣
֮ȫ󣬶ƽ˵һʱЩ˽ʬ͵ɾ漴˸ʧͺûгֹһ
ʧ֮󣬶ĶɽǸһЦɽĬҲûж˵ʲôǿַһۡ
ʱַ۾Ϣƺڵ
ղŻڤȫԪͷ֮ȫ룬ֻƴʹԼźɱ糾ƴľһ޾η˿Ҫսһˡ
Ƭַ֮ϢƽҲپҲ۾
ߵַǰº͵һЦʵַ㣬㻹ðɣ
еѣûʲô󰭡
ַŶ΢΢ͷ΢Щͳ
㵽ҶȥЪϢɣʱһֱȥɽĿַ㣬¶һ˿Цݡ
ַ˸£漴˵ͷãȥҶЪϢ
ַȷҪһʱָĳпǲ٣˿Ԫľʱڻȥ·нɱЩԶԸˣǻָһЩΪΪҲȥҶ
áЦŵͷ
ַתɽкһǰַȸˡ
ȥɣûϢһҵ㡣
ɽ΢ЦŵַΪΪҪַμѩȣһԭǣַǲվҪԽǿģȥ׷ǶԶңԶǿ֮
ɽΪɽ۹ˣ۽ȻҲҪ࣬ύһΪţܲдģУҲصŽԽԼЩʱҪģߵĴ½
½ɲأǳʵ
ַ̤֮뿪һʱ˶Ҷס֮ء
ڸٵĶҶַǳˣ̷µַǰȴַɫ΢Щ԰ףôĺÿüҲ޷չ塣
ַ㣬ôˣ
ҶץֱַۣЩŵʵ
ûʲôֻǸղɱķ糾е󡣡
ַЦҡͷḧŶҶһ˳ĸоǳ
½ŮΪԵʣûʲôʣ廹Ǽǰܱ֮ȵģϸ壬Ůӣˮַۣ㸧Ҷʱ̲סöҶ˲ùߵͷԡ
ַ㿴ҶɬݣϵЦҲӵĲá⣬Ҷɾ۾ɬЦݣ·ܹգĶƽڵģͬǷڣʣôˡ
ɱĻӷ糾
ʱҶͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬̧ͷַ㣬ʵ
ţϮɱңȻܷŹ
ǻֺɽ۹ô˵
ɱˣɽ۹û˵ַЦŵҶŷַϺˮӳͷɵÿڵַ㣬ȥȪˮһݰɣúϢһ¡
áַ۾ŶҶöҶԴ΢΢ֱַ۾
Ȫˮƽԡ֮أŮԡĵط̤㣬˿ַȥȪˮһݣԵЩˡ
ҶĶѾַˣЩɬȻҲôЩΪַ㣬Ϊ֮ȴλҪˣںʲô
ֱ§ַĸ첲Ҷַϣ߹Ĺ˿ȴСˣϵЦݸá


0517 ϷŪ
ַȪˮصУϵַϸ
ˮ֮ԣŲٵԪʯԪƮַӿȥַָĵԪ
ʱַǽŵģշ쾭תɫĹתݣȪˮأ֮˸һλõĹ
ַ㲢֪ϣԼȪˮصУֱһ̫ͼעĿ
ͬʱַڣһ͸ԽԽǿң֮⣬һɳ֮ͬڣˮе¶Ȳϵ
ǽߵ¶ȣȪˮصĿռƮһɱ
ʱ仺ţַϣһɿµ֫ٺ͸Կһɲ֪֮Ϸ䶯ţٶȼĿ죬·ѪҺڷڡ
ͬʱһĹҲͬת˳ѭתַڵľתħתܿ죬ַϣɫתħ֮⽻֯һ𣬼졣
ȪˮеˮϵðݣƬռһһУ͸źɫϼ⡣
ڹ뷿еĶҶܵɳ֮⣬ɵ£˿̵оȣ·¶һ±ࡣ
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˸ҶĳȪˮطȥ΢΢Щԥջ˽ȥ
ղȪˮеĶҶסˣַԡ
˿ȫϼл̫ͼңַϺˮУҲ̫ڲͣҡš
ˮеˮڷķ׵ķڣַಲϣǿͣţöҶȵ죬㾪
ַʲôô󣬺һͬʱмһ
ĶˮرϣҶôĿַ㣬Щһֱغַߣȥγһ֮¡
ԪʯıַɵʧַתǹҲƽڣַһĿĹâһţ
ɵѪһ뵽ϣһҵڣѪվҵѪ֮Ҳǳãܹתħѭϵľתħ֮Ѿǧ˰˰ɡ
ַȭͷһգ촫ǧ˰ٷħֻٷħǧħˣȵǧħһȭͿԽ侳ص˺
̧ͷַ㿴ԱߵĶҶһЦ͵Ҹʲô
ҡֻǸоȣŽģ˭͵㡣
Ҷַһ仰ʵֺ͵ַԡȷ˵ģȻ֪£һֱû뿪ַץ˸С
㲻͵ңôĶǣӦÿ˺ܾðɡ
ַ㿴Ҷ飬̲סԵϷЦ˵öҶͨһʱ֪˵ʲôźá
Ҷ㲻ᡭһԡɡַһöҶ۾һգգĶַ㡣
漴Ƶ뿪ߣ໹˵ַͣһ̫åˡ
ŶҶ뿪ַ΢΢𣬴˿˿ǳЦվַоޱȵ泩
Ųһ磬ֱַӿˮ֮ԣϣ漴˳ȥ˶ҶĹ뷿С
ʱҶǺ˵ģĿɰˣַ۾̲סַһۣȻַһڿץŪϷ˽ڵĵϷû㲻죬ϲƺۡ
Ҷʱ𣿡ַһҶ΢΢ҡͷûô죬ҲҪԡһȻһɢȥɽøʱˡ
ҲҪԡַ۾ŶҶһһģöҶһۣһʲô񣬲⡣
ô𣿡Ҷ˵
ȻԣֻǸղ͵ԡǲԡʱҲԱߡ
ַЦŵöҶһȻ

Ҷֱַˣǰôûзһôåء
ⲻΪ˹ƽͲǷˡַ˸˵ҶᱼӣϹַ̣㣬̫۸ˡ
ŶҶĶӣַЦҶ㡣
ҶԡȪˮڣûлӦַ㣬һӦһˡ


0518 ˭ʸ
ɽϣǹǸڣһζĳɽ۹֮⣬һˣȻ¼Լ쳽
ַͶҶЯֶ֮ʱ޼䣬һĨɫйâ˸ƺмֲá
쳽Ŀ¶ŭ֮ɫֱַ㣬͸ǿҵŭ⣬ӷ·޲Ͷַ֡
ǸУַƺǸܵ쳽Ŀ⣬һɨâ˸â쳽˸΢΢ҧҧ
˼У¼үַֻһЩ츳侳꣬УһΣƺַһμҶַͶҶܣַǼ񡢶߸ϣַܹϵġ
ַӵ侳ǿʵĨɱ˴еĴӣڱѩɽׯȼɣ¾ѩʥԺĹùκɵӣ̶̲̫ʱ䣬ַѾ˦̫Զˣַֻһ񣬾ͷ˿˿ģ۾Һַӡ
ҲͽϷ޳쳽뵽ôһ졣
ַֻһ۾ͽĿƿˣϣ˵Ŀײһ
ѩ¹˴֮ʵ֮ǿӹɣӵ¼ҵѪҪϸ˵ֳַ
ǰַ㻹ûʲôʱȴƺôѺã΢ЩĮĿżַԵĶҶϡ
ԡ֮ĶҶһϯȹϵأ磬ûⱦĳУɸ߹˲ֱӣ̫ˣ¹֮£һһӡ
ŶҶɽ۹ҲŶҶͣ˵Ŀűĺ塣
ȻڣǵĿⶼֻͣƬ̱ƿĻԵòòˣŭַɲá
ַ㡢Ҷ͵ˣ
ļַͶҶһһɽλĴ֮λǿŵģıָַĶҶȥ
ַҲûпͶҶһ鵽£ҶΪѩ¹ڳλλҲȻ֮£ַҶһףԵúͶҶ䣬ַȻô̹̹ĺͶҶһ
ˣǰַҶҲˣǿϯɡ
Ц˵ɽ΢΢ͷ漴һŮϾƲˣĶ˵ÿһǰĺ̴ľϡ
ǰЩĿܣĪ֣һ
Ե˵Ƚһ
ĻѾѾĻĲܡɽ˵Ŷĸվٱ֮ͬƺȹǸѡ
ˣλѵͬһ飬һһɽЦٶȽ漴ַͶҶַ츳Ҷӣ˵Ǿ䣬һơ
ַлǰˡ˵һַ˶׷׾ٱɽʾ⣬漴һơ
ƱպĽƱ¡
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ַçܹҶҴѩ°˴֮ѺͻҶμлԼҶҴŶԣַʲô
쳽ĮڣĴ̶ʵԼϲҶģһֱ¼ܹӭȢҶʹͷ¼Ҳ׼ͶҶɻԼ
û뵽յĶͷַһţҺͶҶܣƺԸ⵱Ȼ쳽ǳĲˬ죬òҶַܵõ
ɽ£Ŀ⿴쳽˺³çûйء
漴ֽĿģȴĵͷƷƣһĬȻûп˵
һĻɵɽ¶һ˿ȤɫĪͶҶ֮䣬лԼɣ
ַĿһת쳽ϣһţ罣쳽Ҫ³Ļ˻ȥֻǶַ㡣
Լ˭ĻԼ
ַʵȻѽܶҶȾָ۶ҶΣڶҶַ㣬лԼҲ㡣
ҶμҺ¼ԼǺ֮˶Ϊ̳Ѫ֮ӵѪ꣬ΪԵĻ㸳ǻԼѪϣҶݸ߹ܹϵġ
쳽˵˵ĵǻԣ¼ҺͶμңȷԼ統ҪƻκԼֺһΪڻҿκɺлԼֺȾָǧټɱֺ
涨ԼĿľΪѪϣǵĺںѪøǿ
Ҫұ˭Ѫ֮ŨߣҪұ˭ǿ󣿡
ַĮ˵쳽ĿһͣûַҲӵо̳꣬κɵѪѪ꣬쳽ǿ̫ˣʲôʸַȡ
¼֮ˡ쳽
ȴַһҲû˵Լ¼ҵˣղŲ˵ϵĿΪںѪ𣬼ȻΪǲ¼֮ˣ䲻Ҷ¼ҵ˭ϣ
ַԵޱȣ䲻ϣ¼˭ϣ
˿ַ㣬ҪΪԼΪҶҶˣֻ֮Ҷ̧ͷֵַǿưԵ
ͱ˵ַ㣬쳽ûκƿԣַ۾ҿ
ЦҶĻһԼ¼֮˶쳽һųܣǸΣ
ַٶȱʣ絶쳽̲ס̧ͷַ㣬ַָ㡭
֡
쳽Ļû£ַֺȵһɿµɱ֮˲Ϣ쳽ϣһķɫ˲ޱͫס


0519 Ů
쳽ɫѿĶַ㣬ַֻһ仰ȳŵֱ۶ǰۡ
ַȴĿƽɱ֮ջأ쳽ĿŨķ֮⡣
˵ųܣѵдһ
ַЦ쳽ɫԽӵѿȴ޷Էַһ仰ŵַʲôʸ񷴲ַ㡣
ַ㣬쳽˼𣿡
쳽Եڿˣɨַһۡ
˭ȳģҲȡ衣ַ˵곤ײҵûУһ˵Ǽ֪ܣ˾Ҳʸ¼֮ˣֱǶ¼ҵ
ַַ쳽ƿԣ쳽ַҪȴûκһַܱ㣬Ϊǲַ̫࣬Ȼַ㣬˵ȡ⻹˵ʲô
ˣһҪҺҶȷʵлԼߵ̫ãҶ
ٶȿڣַĿһ˭ҶĻ£Ҷ¼ңһԸɡ
ҹʹΪ¶ס
Ŀַײ˿ãˣΪ׮¡
ַ͸һɺ⣬ƾ㣬ף˭ף
Ȼһˣչؼټˣ̫ӵ±չز£ӵҶãֳ縸˱ӵ˵үү¼ҼԻ˵¡ңڽҹ
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ģܴӦ׮£
ҶӦ˭ǿַһĿ⺮䡣
׮£Ҳܻͬ⣬ҲӦġҶҲ˵Ŀ⳯ŶȥĿдһϣ֮ɫ
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һԶԶȺĶĤС
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̧ͷĿַһۣĿ˸漴΢΢Ц¼ġ
ˣɽֻ֮ԼǰɣºҶڣֻҪĳһ϶Ĵ𸴱Уұȥ׼ӭȢĻ¡
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ڳ֮һӹˣȻܹɽĻһŶģҪλش
ǰǰԼȻֻҪһͬû¼ȥ׼һ¡
ǳЦ˵ҲǼΪԲ֮ˣֱӽѸ˶ҶԼϣȺ΢ĿǴ֮ԼȥܾǴӦöҶΪôҶʲôַʲô
ǣĽѡȨ߸˶ҶԼԼȥ
ʵҪȥ˵Ҷˣôܻͬ⡣
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ʱϵҶ֮£֮ԼҲƾһ仰ǸղǻֻйûҾܾ
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ĵƳǺ⣿ɽܻȥѯʶҶֻҪһ۴˿̶Ҷ˭һףҶӦ֮ʱȥʣǸ̨¡
Ǿܾ˼𣿡
ʱַ㿪ˣһ죬ľƱصķϣĿĮãɽ
ɽ˵⹫⹫
ɽͬҲүүүү
ʱɽڰӣҪŮˣƺЩʵˡ
šɽüɨַһۣõĵ˵ķݡ
˵ģַδŮˣҵȻ˵ķݣɽտףַҲʱĸףʱ²̨档
ַĮ˵κҲףɽŮϱȷʵѿЩȥЦ
ҶַԵĻϾ¶һĨЦ⣬ַ˿ѾϣδŮˡ
ҪѹˣûáַٶԷ̵ǽӶҧøء
ãܺãȻκɵĶӡɽͷƮϲŭʶĵĵ£ɽֻһ仰֮ԼҪΥǼУ


0520 ֶ
ĵ£ɽֻһ仰֮ԼҪΥǼУ
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¶Цɽ¼ľǰ¼λа˴ӵڶҲΪ壬Ȼ¹ϵ׵ĻãҲòؿڣ¼Ⱦ˼Ƭ̣һһѯһ֮ٴ¼Σ
ˣȻĵ˵ĳվĵµĴ𸴣ֻĳĵ¼ǵ֮Լǡ
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ֻĵǺЦĿڶҶϡ
ã¼֮ҲˣΪ¼ҳ츳ʵǿǰ˴ӵڶ׮£ο
ĶŶҶʵȴ΢Щ˿̵ĶҶǺַһ飬ȻЩϢĳɷˣҶôܻӦ
Ҷ촽䶯ҪڣȴֱĴ
ַ㣬֮ⲻʵҲףһ㣬£ο
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ʱȺַ㣬ҶĿ⣬ҲַϣҪַλشġ
ַĬƬ̣Ŷģ漴Ŀɨɽһۡ
ҶҵŮˡ
һַ³żĮ֮⣬ȻٲǷݶеļͺ;ȻѶ֮ˣȻɶҶӦøܸҶһУ˿̣˵ҪŮˣôܴӦ
Ҫ̫һ仰ѾַҶŮˣôͶҶĻ£Ȼܳϡ
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Ҷַȴ͵ĻĿȷʵҸЦ⣬峯ַ㿿˿Ⱥֱַ֮ϡ
ַ㶼Բ˼ôܹ࣬һУѹӦַһ
˵޼䣬˶¶֮⣬쳽֮ĳ㣬ɫ΢ЩѿͶҶô˵лԼҶȴַ˵ܣһǵ˵棬š
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˶һĬû˿˵Ķտڲԡ
Ĭãڴ˼ž˵Ҷ岻𣿡
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ҶĬƬ̣漴ַ㣬ַ㣬ȡ
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ַĿ΢ʱҲ˶ҶߣסҶ֣ŶҶѪҺɫ΢ЩӲ
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˵㣬ҶôˣΪʲô֢״
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Ҷȴ޷˵ȥĵղö˶˵ģһֱһ¼̸Լ֮ҶͻȻҩַ㣬㲻ҪҴ㲻
ҩ
Ⱥọ̈̄ٴοҶֻҶץַ㣬ɫͨ죬ֳ죬Ŀⶼ΢м֮⣬ǡ
һĻȺֻоޱȣֻǿһ۶Ҷ˿̵ӣǱ޷סа
ҩҶĻ˵ڣ
Ⱥͷ͵һͻȻ뵽һֿܣޱȡ
Ȼˣڻʹҹ統жԹҶҩ˴аҩ졣
οʱ˵УɽᵽԼҶҩѹֶĵһķӦ뵽ַˡ
ַ㣬ȡ
Ҷ˶ſַˣ΢Щ壬ĵʻַô᲻׷ʲôʱɫĺ䣬ˣҶ֮£


0521 ҹ
ŭ
ַ£͸һĺ⣬Ŀ⻷Ⱥ
ղŶҶһֱǺһ𣬰֮ǰǶʱ䣬ҲѹֶĻ˵ɵģ˵˶ԶҶҩһʱôҩıԵЩˣϢҶԱߣȴһ쳣ûв
ַ㣬޳ܡҲͬŭȣվĶַ㣺㾹ȻҪֶΣȵõҶ޳
˵Ŀ⣬ȫַϣַɣ
һҶһֱǸַ㣬ַߣҶԼԼҩ
ɽʹΪףַܻܿҶ֮£ַļ֮¶ԶҶҩҶҲϣ˽ϣַ㽫ҶռΪУһеìͷַָ㡣
ȺԼĿ⣬ַɫɽΪҶףַеȷ΢Щôܻ
ͫٶɨȺ˭ɵģƺҲû޳֮£ȻҶȴʵʵڵҩˣд
ӵ£֮ƺΪҶѰҽ֮ɡ
ַĿ˶ĵϣģҲûиӣҶҪģȴǳ
ΪҲ֪ԼһҶľѾǻַҶľᱻջ𣬸ȣַ㣬ҩ£δ̫ݶһض
Ĵ˿ҲûյȣĿĮ壬ַ㡣
ַɫһͣҲڶҶϣǿĻҶڣȻһɿµڶҶϹ·ҪҶ˶ȼա
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ʱĶҶ룬ƺЩ־壬ֻǽ§ַϣַ
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ߣҶ˽
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ַĻȺͷһַ㣬Ҫ뿪
˭ַ֪뿪ȥʲô
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䣡
Ųǰһ磬һɿµɱַ֮ͷŶ䡣

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ֶַΣúݶ
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漴ͬһ赲ַǰһȳ£
һһ٣һַܷߣԲܡ
ַ㿴ǰˣˣһ⹫¼ҵɽ
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Ҫң
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ɽϵ鶯£Ŀ㣬漴ݺݵĵ˵ͷ
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Ҫַ¶ҶȻҶߣ֮һ˳£ҶΪŮˣҲ׮Լ
⹫ַͻȻһɽ£Ŀ⾹һƶҡ֮⣬漴ָֻ糣ôļ͡
ǡǺǡַͻȻЦаЦ⹫ҪŮˣֳߣЦ
·ȺһͷеĵӰĿ˸£׸ν⣿
ɽһַһҪҶˣ߶ҶôҲζţҶҪΪŮˣַԹַá
ַͷ˶ҶһֻۣʱҶ϶ȼյͨ죬һſϣַ͸оԼ¯һ
ҶȲ
ǣҹ
һɭַ³ɽɫһַ㣬ȻΣҲַ⹫ַĸκɣҶ˵֡
漴ɽ㿴ַٶ̧𣬿µַͫţа񡢱һ˫ڰ֮ͫħ֮ͫûκεĸ顣
˫ͫףɽ̲סͷ£ַͫף̫䣬䵽˷衢˵Ļǣ


0522 ʷݣ
ַ˫ͫף̫飬·Ӳ飬ҪΪۻ
ɽ˫ͫף˭ûƿ벽վǣַǰ档
ַ㣬ܴҶ뿪һܡ
ַֻ촽䶯漴һִַ˳


ȫһ֣ȵ˾һ磬·ħ֮磬˵ϡ
ɽȻַ㣬˿̵ȴܵһħڴַţֲħϢ
͸ַ˫ͫףŨħ֮⣬µħ⡣
һ̣·һħַ֮۾У˭ɱ˭߱죡
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ɿֲ⾳֮£̲ס˿˿־֮⣬û𺳣ǿ־塣
ħ֮֮£·ɱħ־⾳ûκܹ赲ֱġ
ʱһɿƻĸоֻҪַ㣬ַͻᶯɱңҲɱ
ֹɽҪ赲ַ㣬ַҲҪɱȫɱû˭Ե
ָо̫Ҳ̫ˡ

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΢΢ĲţĿ˸ͣɽԴЩңȻַ嵱С
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ħħ֮Ϣ
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ԭ۽ľŽըѣӡ飬ħƷ⣬ַģħûȥ֮أȻַ嵱Уʱпܱ
ֻҪ赲ַ㣬ַͻ᲻һУħħɱ¾һС
ַ㣬Ļɱ飬ļŭַ㣬һУΪҶǸ߹ִĹ¡
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ǣôַҶǰ뿪ԣͬõӸĿһ̫ʹ̫ܡ
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գַǰɽǿߣ˱ˣ·˳ûи赲ַ㣬ַ뿪
ַĿĮɨɽһۣĵ˭ٴҾҶұɱɣϧһдۡ
ַ㻰£ŲһХ뿪˲ʧȺǰ

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ġɽˣһַıӰĿ˸ͣҲģȫһ
ַ뿪֮󣬱ŶҶмٵ˸쵽£һйι
ʱ壬̫ˣȼһȶȣǴӶҶϴġ
ʱĶҶѾʧȥǣ˫Ȳϣ˽ճˣ鶼Ҫʧأ̫ջ
ˡ
ַ㿴·ĶҶסϪ֣һ磬ս䣬ûкŮкֱϪɽ֮ҶסĶС
һӰ˸ǶҶŮǶΧ춯Ҳ̾ͷˡ
Ƭطκ˲̤벽¹ϵҶмǡ
һЩŮһ漴һ໥ӣȻ˵ͷ˸ȫɢ
ַַڹеĵλǶ˽⣬Ȼַô˵ʲôΣգǵȻҪӡ
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ַ㣬ܲˣҪҺ𡣡
Ҷϵӳȹȥ¶޳⻬ֱۣŮ֮˵ʣ˿˿͵ĵԣĹַĸ첲˵֮ʱַϣַĺü
ַʥ֮ˣֻǸͨˣһǴûоŮ֮µˡ
һӰ߹Ĺˣ¶˫ֹĲӣҪַǻֵܱȻǱ㡮޲硯
ַĺüֻҶһֹֻĲӣһַֻԼϣϵĽһ£ϵѩ׶ĹַأӳַȻ
ַ㡢졭
Ҷ߽³΢΢ϹַֻԴһը죬Ŀ죬·Ҳʧȥǡ
Դַ˫ַ֮أĸţ촽ǹҶ㴽ǹ˫硢ǹÿһѩļ
ڣڼ֮󣬰ַһ˻𣬶ҶһĽһ飬Σϣһⴲй꣬ҶĹ뷿ҵУΨдɫݡ


0523 
һ꣬Ⱦڽ걹ַͶҶڴ֮ϣһԡ
Ҷ͸Ż֮ȴǷ֮𣬶֮δɢ⻬ϴѩۣ˿һ۱֮롣
ַָڶҶϣҶÿһ缡ɴδϨĻ棬˶ǳζҶΪҩԵʷȡַʿǿޱȣҲܹϵĴ裬˶Ʒζ
ʱĶҶ΢΢˶ַĻйȥԴַĻУޱߣ˿̵һַ㶼ңȻ˵ķ
ַҲǽ§ŵĶҶˮ顣
Ҷ㲻Ұɡ
ַͻȻһ䣬˷֮£Ͼ⣬ǶҶԸǱҩ
ҶԴַĻĥţϵҡͷôַأûһ⣬Ҳַ֮ˣַҲֻΪ˾ѡ
ַ㲻ߣŻᱧԼȥ롣
Ƕģ㲻𣿡
ַʵֻҶĻ䶯£漴̧ͷ˫ˮΨ֮һ֣δĺΣľ޶ˡ
˵㣬ҲԸϡ
Ҷ˵еôĲΣַ㳤̾§ŶҶӣˣ򸴺
ûĻҲַὫȫİע߹ȴûаΨдˮŮϰɡ
ַ㣬Ȣ𣿡
һ߽ӶҶдַĿ΢ֻоž޴ĵӡ
ԲҲʵġҶַûлشֲһ΢С޷γǹʧ֮⣬·ᶼҪ
ֻһַоЩʹѾҶˣҶɲϴҶǹΪ֮𣬶Ҵ¿ºܿͻᴫȥȢҶҶˡ
ģһġ
ַ¥Ҷ壬Ŀһ֮ɫַ㣬ôܹĹء
ҶѾܸһС
ַ㽫Ҷ屧öҶͺһ漴ͿַԼȪˮǱȥɵɫֺԴ
ȻҪַһԡֻоɬޱȡ

峿һɽԼϪ֮ϡ
Ϫ֮⣬вȺһɫѿ溬ɷ
ЩжӶġһȺ͸ǿϢ
ǵ۾ϪУɽڵķ
ϪĶзʲôǶֶ֪֪Ƕԣ֪ãֻ֪ͷǱϲʳܣлԼĸ߹ȴһ湲һҹ˿̵ܸ˵ֻ䡣
ϪֵԶҲǿţһĿŭĶϪЩУ˶Ը߹ĹаĽ֮ģ˵ûаǲܵģȴ֪߹ĹѾַˣôܲŭʡʹޡ
ַ㣬̫ɺˣǺ޲ýַʬΣȻ˹ࡣ
ҹ
ʱһĺǶĵ
ֻתĿĶǣܷŭһܵͫ׵ĮԼ͸ŵ˿˿ɷ˶̧ŲȻ뿪
ʱĶֵŭ֮ʱҶ֮Ѿ𣬹Ҷ𣬶￴֣ȫߡ
һ뿪ƬϪ֮ԵøļžΨϪˮż־׵Уĺûʱȥ͡ȥƷζУֻǶǶ
ûȥǿд롢ҲûгŭȣϾַ⣬ҶҲ档
ȴһЩʱ΢ĽŲöԼͫ׶һǿȥ㿴ӰĴӶ˳
ַͶҶ⣬˭
ʱַͶҶѾһϯ룬Ҷָֻ˵ĸ߹ʡŹۣϣżֱĹ󣬴ŮŮ˵Ĺƺ˼Уĵ
ַһۣĿ⾼񣬷·˻ϵĹǳÿ
ɫ£ƺҧгݡ
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ҶŶĺһᣬ΢Щɬ
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֣²ַܹ㣬Ҳ֪Ϊ˾ҲŲòˣûκεҵĴѡ
ҶΪַ㿪ѣ˵ɴЦǶҪַԹҩ۹ɾʹˡ
ȽȥظһöҶɫһ
ַǣŶҶ֣գЦҶȥɣʲôµġ
Ҷ˿ַ㣬ֿһ۶ģ漴΢΢ͷһ֣㲻ҪΪַ㡣
˵̧꣬Ųٲ뵽С
ĿĮĶַ㣬û˵ֻһѹ֮
˶⣬ЩǿԼҲĮɷַַ֣Ϸ·ѹһɽЩ˵ʵǿûһӹ֮ˡ
ַ㣬ֶΣһöѾһˡ
˵һ
ѵΪҩ£ַûĵĮǵʵ
ǲңǴΪģȲ˵ҩǲ£һõ˺ĶߣҴֵǽ֪˵һҵδ棬Ҫһõţ
ļ߳ȣ´ȥǻһǶҶ澡ʧʼ֮ˣϿǷǳصġ
˵Ϊ֣Ǿ㹻ɶԸַ㣬ҩַ£Ϊַ㣬Ͼ˹У裡


0524 ̵
ַ㶢ŶģĿ΢ż⡣
翵ϣҵϣǸĲ뵽Ҷ
ַ㶷ʶһҲҶΣַʵöĿ΢ⱾǸᣬ˭˶Ҷⲻ˱ۻ֮
ǲӦȥһ飬ҩ˭µģĲ²⣬ͼȥ֤ĪеĻϣѾɱңѵػҵϣΪҶǹûУ
ַŭȳһһöľ֪ηַ㡣
˼ôŹ㣿˵һ
졣
ַһǳһû˵ķݣʲôƨԼû˳ϣ˵ҶҵŮˣû֮£Ҳǡ
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Ҳ˵үүɽΪַ㡣
ַԵĻĿĬãŵ£ν
ҪΣַʵڶмƽϰɡ
Ѹ£ַ㣬ӭȢҶΨһ֮ĳ
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ҿ¡ַӦ˵ҶȻȢʱϻдǡ
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һȢҶַ϶ĻӦȻվԼ飬ҶΪ֮𣬺Ů֮£ҶѴȢҶҶԺˣ˵ΣȢҶǱȻ֮¡
ҪȢұҪ졣Ķַ㣬ңҪ֤ľģ֪һá
ļ˵ʱȥһǲִټ޸㣬زֻǱַ㣬֤ȢҶʸһûָ
ַĿ΢˵ʵ
ִټȢҶȺֻûΪù¼޸Ҷ̧ͷַ֤ʸùҶҵļ޸Ҷǣָ֤֤
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Ҷֳ˳˵ַܹȢѾˣʹ׿һиַģݣȻҲںν
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μѩȣǰϯλҫѩ£Я飬ӭȢһáĻ˵ַ㣬˴ȥμѩȣҪôǰţҪô治ûһò֮ˡ
֣Ҫ̫ˡ
Ҷǳһǰţ̫ˡ
ַ㣬ѩ¹ѩʮֻͨĹȣĴ۹оŴͬǿĹȣʮУÿѡһǿˣѾʮˣַҪǰϯλͱҪʮǿ֮е
˵ַ㣬Ҫ̫ӰǿĵˣܻǰϯλѶ̫
ҶҪַ㣬Ҫôǰ֮ϯҪôѩȵС
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ӭȢһ֮ˣȻҪ֮ܳˣѩˣѩȻǰϯλҫԼƸ֮ѩ£Ҫٶ˴ӵһϯλΨˣ½֪˶ݾַ㣬㽫ѩµĽʱӭȢһãŲһʧ˭ٷһƨ
ĵĻڳȺͷһÿ̵ĵҪ̫ݡ̫ˡ
ѩƼַ㲻ʮ˾֮䣬Ҫǰϯλѣ⻹ģҪַΪ˴֮ףҲ˵ģҪַܻ̫Ӷ޵ɾ
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֣ôΪַ㡣ҶЩˣҪ󣬼ֱǶַĵѡ
ЩҪƾʲôȢ㡣ĺҡַ㡣
ֻʱַĿ˸Ĵ˾٣Ǻ⣿
ȡѩǰϯλȻܴҫ飬ٶ˴֮ףܶ޵º˲ʶʱӭȢҶȷʵ˸˵䲻֮ԡ
ڶʱ𣿡
ַŶʵ
һ֮ڣҪӭȢһáĳ仰ڸַ㣬ַһʱ䡣
ѩȲ̫ñҪʼˣȻҪһ꣬һ꣬Ƕַ˴ӵһϯλġ
Ӷĵ˼ҲԿΪ˴ӵһϯλѩǰϯλҪѣҲͰʾţ޵ʵֹܲѩŵǰţٶΪԶ޵š
ַǰţɲѹ޵
ǲûѡ񡣡ַ㿪ڵ
ǡĵͷ
ַĬƬ̣漴ǣŶҶ֣ҪҶ뿪ա
ȥģʵ
˼ַ֣ƽ˵ĵ˵ͷԣպҶͻ֮£ҲٷһΡ
ַĿһָĵ֮£ȻκֺҪӳѩ֮£ֺӡ̤ʳǣκɷָʮ֮ã񶼲Ĵ˼߳


0525 
ûַֹ뿪ƺһУΪ˶Ҷַҫ飬ѩ£ȻӭȢҶ
ַ㣬ȴܸовǳ·ڿ
ѩȣĲ˵Ҳᾡȥǰλ㲻ΪҫҲΪԼʵΪԼϱǿ
ڶ޵ַҲҪԣ£ַ㶼ȻҪģֻʱѡ
񣬶ĵĿҪȴû˰·ѩǰ֮λûжã⣻һڣսʤ޵ɾͰ˴ӵһˡ
ѣѾǼĿַ̣ѡҲҲһֱ޲ߣԼȥ޲Լ;вǰС
Ҷַ̧֣ŲǰӶĺ߿ȥ
ûжַ㣬̵ֻվǵĬˣöҶַ뿪
꣡
һ촫˫ȭգɫһ֮⣬һַֹǰϯλɽַ㶷ҲҪΪһ

˼ĽأһϵСǰڷΣӰǣĵš
ӰŮӣֻǿһ۱ӰܸܵǵȻֻ֮ǰھ͸һֳ֮С
һĨü֮ñʵֻϸ
һʥŮ̧ͷŲεҪκε׺ֻҪվǾʧȥ
һŮ̧ͷϲû̫ĺۼֻкżֲɣºһЦ䣬ͬ޾ס
Ķ
ʮǰΪѩµһŮκɿԼδĶϱо֮ɫԲѷɫڵ㽫ΪѩµһŮҲԻͬ
ӵ۹⣬
Ȼûദ̫ãϱκҲ֮ء
Ķ
૵üƶǶۣĶԻͼһĨйա
ۣ鿴Լͼϴһ˿ǳǳЦݣȻửֻκɽԣɻ˼ϡ
Զֺǵʲôż̧ͷߣҲЦݣַڣһĿڣҲְ֮ɡ
סĸס顣
ʱһжһϲǵȻϤַ
̧ͷʱԶɵ΢΢һӰַ֮⣬һˣһŮŮ
Ŀ΢΢һȻϵŮҶѾֹһˡ
ڶгĦԽս֮ʱַΪȶҶǧߵϽɽϣƿ֮ʱַͶҶһ߳
ô᲻֪Ҷ֪Ҷһֱַ㺣ͬΪŮˣӶҶַоܹܶ࣬Ů˵ֱ
ҴʱҶַߣĿʹƺмֵС
Ҷƺʲô
κͬƺʲôвɵ¶һ˿Źֵɫ̲סֺһۡ
ֺ㶣漴ͷǵʹµȴһ˿ǳЦӣɻҪǿ
Ƭַ̺κԼǰ·뵽ʲô㣬΢΢һæľϵĻ
һĻκ£漴̾Ϣһַ֮ܹĸܵõڴʱ뵽ȽԼĻַ㿴ĲͼֻΪͼϻŵַ㡣
ַվκɺߣתͣϡ
ſ죬ַ˵ʲôֹƺ޷˵
ͬʱַҲ͸һ֮ɫƺмΡ
κɵﻹ᲻ףκ΢΢ҡҡͷ֪ͬ˵ʲô
ʱȴվַ΢΢һĿҲƶš
ֻƹǰ˳ߵ˶ҶߣöҶԴ͵øˣ·µŮͨţܹԼ֮
Բ𡣡
һӶҶ³ȻΪ֮𣬵Ͼַ㱾మ֪Ҳַ㣬޷԰Σô˵ǲ֮ˡ
ңݸ߹󣬵ǰ޷а԰ʥӰʣĶŮվǰҲеѹ
͡
һõͷĶҶ£漴Դ̧ȴ龹¶͵΢Ц
飬ȻڶЦ
ҶΪԼˣ˫ʥϣȷȷʵʵǹºЦ⣬û֡ûзŭ
ǶҶַ㡢κɶˣĿеЦݡ
Ҷǹ£϶ܻửɣãԺڿʱһ
ǰŶҶ֣Ҷһ˫ţ·ľͷһֻǿ顣

齫Ҷղλã漴ȡʺ;ֽҶ̺ûаĮֻǺЦݣϵЦ
顣
ַ૵ȴֻǵһۣ漴ֺͶҶ˵ֱӽˡ
κַߣַӣ漴̧ŲԶȥ
ַ㵱Ȼκɵ˼̧ͬŲκɶȥһֺߡ
ĸסַ㺰һ֪˵ʲôá
κɿַһۣҲûֻ֣ЦŵС㣬͹Ҷô£
ַЦ£漴ԼͶҶ黺ҹ֮¶ûȫκɺֺ
ȻĮһ飬ַĵҪĵطԼȫȥϧκɺֺʲô
κַ˵̾Ϣһ漴ַ㣬һۣ治֪Ƿǰ֮ҶΪ㲻ϧһУ飬úϧҶŹ㡣
ҪֻҪα֣Ӧ֪жôں㣬۽ʲô㶼׼
κɺ֣ص˵ַм־ȣ漴صĵ˵ͷôܻḺ飬Ůˣ


0526 
κɵĻַܾȣĸףѾȫϿ飬֣صĽ
۽¶һ˿Цݣĸ׺ദúãַȻġ
̧ͷԶɶҶˣַֻʲôʱĶҶƺҲſЩϴǳЦܲá
ַеһʯͷҲˣ˵ʲôأҪκ˵ԼҲ֪ԼúõϧŮˡ
ͶҶԼ˵ĻַɵɵЦţǲ˵ЩĴ󻰣ˣ˵ĲŮӣҶҲ˵ֻ֣Ҫַá
˵ļһ
һԵֺֹһͬЦԼĶô㣬õλ˺õϱ⵱׵ȻǸ˵ġ
ô˼Լˣ
κɵ۾ֺһɣֺһ㶣漴۾ЦûУҲ˵ļһ
˵գֺͷš
ܰһĻַϵЦԽӵĲã΢΢䶯£֪ʲôˡ
С˵ע㡣ֺ۾һɣƵĿַ㣬ַæҡͷĿƹ͵ʲô鶼ûз
ȥɣúöҶ
κɿŲԶŮַЦַ΢΢ͷ̧ŲߵŮߡ
ʱҲһ֧ʣֽǰںͶҶѧϰһһһͼ
ˣֱַӵˣԼȤУַ㱻һߡ
һУַԤ֮⣬ȴοķչ
Ҷ˼ִգһֱһ飬ѧżţַ㱻գŮޱȣ治֪˭ˡ
ֱն˼֣ҶˣͬʱַһϢ
ɽ۹ʹɽַ֮ڻʹ֮⼯ϣ׼һΣǽǰɽ۹
Ϣһʱѩ¹ѩȵҪˣǰɽ۹֪˴ѩ¹ǰȥμѩȵмλ
ַҲڲ²⣬ɽûȥѡھ˳֮ա
Ҳãѩ֮£һԸȥ˽Ⲣʶһ۹š
ض޵ġˣܵɡ
ַаԲ²⣬ȴǴ˿̣ʱֵַУϯضڵ֮ϣһ޴Ĳϯ棬ڷһͼ
ַ㣬ŻʣڻвͣĻ
ַǰ֮ǣַеıȻţǰİ·ؼǰŮԼеĻ֮⣬
һŮӵַı»ıճ磬ʥɣ˼ƮȻ֮⣬ͼУȴƺȱεС
С
ַ΢΢ҡҡͷƺ̫⣬漴µĻ˺ӡϣһŻͻأ𣬽ֽŷٳɻҽ
ַ㣬㻹Ҫá
˵˾䣬ѾܳʱˣַҲัͼȴûһγɹһŻͼ˺ѷٻ١
м֮⣬ǶҶϰַȴ۲ĵҪͼһҪһֱǰ
Ҫȵܽ㻭Ϊֹ
ַ㲻䷳Ц
Ĭ漴û뿪ףǵһķ羰ߡ
ɳɳ촫һַ㿴⻭ֿ˿飬ַ㻭Ѿܽ˵ò̻ΨǷȱģǻ
Сһַ³ʼ⻮ͼѣ֮΢΢һͼַٵ
ȡַֽ㽫֮˷ǰϣĿһһγȥ·УֻʣһŮӣ
ʣַĬ£漴ʼһ±ʣ̻ż򵥶ָͼ
ɳɳ첻ͣĴ΢֣׵ĿռгϢ
ԡ
ԡ
ǲԡ
ַ㲻ϵĽòΨȱٵǼϣϣʥʧɫϡ
Ѿַ֪ٻ˶ţǣƬ֣üͷַ㣬ûа㲻͵෴УΨ˿˿֮⡣
ַ㣬עҲڿַ㡣
ʹûκεĹͨʱֻҪһ򵥵ǱܶԷ֮塣
ʱ仺ţҹĻ֣رһƬҹĻ漴Ļҹ콻棬ʱ˵Ŀ졣
Ȼַ㣬һֱĬţɰĬڰִӺҹ죬䡢ж·Ҫ䷱
ڣڵգַ㽫еĻ΢΢𣬽˿С
Ŀ⿴飬ôţ΢ַ㳤漴۾ıˡ
ûȥ飬ַ۾ϣȻʱ֣ȴˡ
ɳɳٶƮһȴûаңȻɡ
ַ۾ȴͣ趯ģ˵˳谭·һȫҪкһǳɣͣٶûһ¡

öַſǰͼַϣһƲõЦ޷εЦ
ڣ̻ˣ˿µĻӵϡϣһ򵥺ÿĻѡ
̧ͷַգѪ̻ͼЦˣõЦˡ
ͼе̫绨ӣҪӻ߳
ڻˡ
ַ˵˾䣬ЦЦ
ַ㣬Ȼ۾̻ܿΪλҪһֱˡ
ΪҪĴڣֱӡԺӡС
ַ͵Цͼһ·֮ϣʱԿˣΪα۾̻ΪҪģ㣬飬۾㣬Ψģ
о۾΢Щģ۳ʧȥɫַ۾̻ԼģȥģҲգͬҲģ


0527 
˴ǰȥɽ۹ҲΣַȻὫϣ˼֣Լ̤·
뿪֮ǰַȥһ˶Ҷס֮أȻ֣ҶȴѾϪɽ֮ˣŮˣַͷ΢䣬ĺصĻȻҶתƵطˣ
ûа취ַҲҲֻܷ̤ϣһһޣɽϣǳǰľۼ֮ء
ʱɽǹ⻬ľ޴յϣѾվһӰɽ۹֮⣬ѩ¹ţַɨһֹۣоˡ
ַ㡢ġ塢١Ʒַ㲢ʶ˶£վǣһѹ֮͸Į֮⣬ǼϣûаĸɫʣƽûһĲ
ֻվһԣûкվһ𣬰ޱȵվǡ
⣬ˣټϰ˴һĶ޵ѩµİ˴ˣŴ˴ι˴ӵϯλ㽫׵ţƾðˣȴַ֮⣬侲ɫַҲܹо˾࣬ʵºǿ
Ͳ޵̫ˡ
ɽǰվŵľһۣ˵ĿҲġ
˴ѩ¹صģǰľˣڶ޵ѩ¹ϣҲжţҪҲ֪˷ѩȣһٲ˶޵
ǰһϲͬУҴȥɽ۹ǣѩ֮ʱȻɽ۹һս
޵΢Ц˵ɽüͷһ޵һ
ֻƬ̺ɽ˵ͷ޵ˣԵ޵ʵǿޱȣͬҲ֮£ȫţ޵һѩȵģƾ޵޵׷ִ
Ȼ˶Զ޵Ե޵γһԵ˳߲
ԣǱгɡɽ˵ͷûж˵ʲô
ǰһĸеֱǸ
һο˵ɽһ㶣ʵĵ»к£
Ҹʲѩ֮£רѩ¹¶ҸϾ뿪޷μӴ˴ѩȣǰˡ
Ķɽ΢΢Ǹɫ
ĻȺĿ΢΢һ˴ӵģ֪ʵεĶģѩȣҪѩ¹
ɽ̲סüͷ˷ѩȣѩǴɽ۹һսȻϣߵʵԽǿԽá
˿̣ĸԼ޷սɽΪãϾİ˴ӵĵλԶĵĳǸԣʵֻܻǿȻദʱղɽҲǸóԼˣǳĴ
ĵ£ʵ֮ǿȥμѩȵĻδеϧˡ
ɽԼľƽʹû
ǰڳĸλѩĿܣʵһһָǿޱȣһʮڣ㱰΢Ϊȥ벻ȥԴӰ첻ټѩ֮ȷʵ޷ǰܹ⡣
Ŀ˵ɽ£漴˵ͷ֪ԶĵԸд㣬Ҫöĸı⣬ܡ
ȻˣҲǿˣֻЩϧˡ
ɽ̾˿漴תĿ⣬Ⱥˣĵ²ڣλҲΪѩ´ٹ⣬׼ɡ
˵գɽһڣʱһХ֮֮ϣһкӥ£ֻƬ̱㽵ٵȺǰ
ɽ۹ѩ·;ңԶɽȻڵ϶еģȾգûôԪȥģ޴ֶΡ
ЩĺӥΪڷӥٶ죬Զⲽܹġ
ͷڷӥÿһͷڷӥҪ˱úʡ
ɽ˿һͷڷӥ漴˵λһ𣬿һͷڷӥɣͳ
Ⱥ΢΢ͷȺ׷׿Ϻڷӥıϡ
ַȴûϺڷӥٶȿ죬Ⱥڷӥѷɫ
Ųһ磬ַ̤汳ϣſ֮ɫ䲻ֻǳЩڷӥһ۹ȥЩڷӥһĿⶼ͸¶־֮ɫ֮Ͼԡ
ַ㣬ɷһ
һƷַǰַ㿪ʵ
Ȼ⣬ǡַ㵭˵ƷȻܾƷ

һӰ˸ַĿ΢΢¡
˸汳ϵӰϤˣȻθûкθһ飬ѡ˺һıϡ
ôӭң
ɨַһۣ漴أľ޴֮䣬ﻹҪַ㻶ӭǳ⡣
ַЦҡͷȻǰǵŮӣַֻҪԸ⣬Ȼӭ
ʲôʱôˡ
̧ͷɨַ㣬䵭ģַҡͷЦû˵ʲô
ûȥɽ۹ɣ˷ǰɽ۹ҲϼգѵͲҸùϵҴ㵽ɽ۹һ
ַĬֿ˵һ
ַƬ̣ȷṳ̂ѩ¾ڣǰ۹ⲻĴ߶һ
ңûҪһЩѩ¹ҲĶϣɽ۹ܵõɡ
ɽ۹ⲻҪ鷳ˡ
ַ㿴˵΢΢һĨɫһҲʱ
ɫַҡҡͷҪΣ
Ʒ￴ˣĬ£漴ЦȤԭɽ۹Ůӣַ㣬ҲмְĽ֮أ


0528 
յУڷӥ簿裬ХǰУֲȺϣ졣
ַ㡢ƷԼˣϣм䣬Ʒ󱳣Ψַվŵġ
Ŀ⸩·ǹԼ¿յһǳءɽ֣мָп
Ҫ߳ѩˣ˵ֻʱģַмָд
½־Ҫʵ£ѩ֮ʱʱ½棬ģһֱһ죬ʵ㹻ǿ󣬴Լİ֮ˣȥ̤½̤ɽ
ǰɽ۹ȥμѩȣֻǵһǽֻ̤ѩµĿʼĿ꣬ѩ¡Ҳɽ۹ѩ򣬶޾Զ嫵Ĵ½
ǰ֮ˣгΪߡӵǿ룬ȥ׷Ѱôܲȥú̽ȥ׷һǴ۷壬أɽ󺣣⵽һֶͨΣַ㣬һҲﵽǾ硣
ǰ̤һȴѾܹվƶˡ
ַ㻹룬֮һǿܷͱơɱħ
̧ͷվǵַһۣʵԵıӰżɪ֮⣬ȴһֱǴļֻǿⱳӰһۣ·ܴжַļͲ֮־
ַ㣬Ŀ⣬ķжԶ
૵һַദһʱգʱַʱԵĹѾһƫִ֮⣬ֻҪ϶ģһǰȥۺƶһŭ֮Ѫɺӡ
ɷϣ˭ܹܵĹµĵ׵ı
磬ԵıУԼײԼ常ŮҪ漴Ǽ
ʱַֺ⣬Ŀף磬·ΨһˣһУҪԼɱˣҪɱ
Ϻͱϣٴθܵ˳ĺǻϺһû˵仰زϧǷ飬Σƺű𣬿ΪѾȥͷѳڡ
һУһĮɱӣֱƽɱȼ׵ķſԼģһΨΨģҲںںģֻǲȺΪǲںˣɱǧϧ
ҪӿٶˣЩеɽ۹עˡ
һƮȺĶУɽ
Ļ£ڷӥٶȻӿ죬øӵǿңϵĸȺϣε˵϶ۡ
ٶҲͬӿˣͺڷӥһվ֮ǰַԶɫûаĲǿľϣޱ飬ֻϵ죬·ʱܱҷ˺ѳƬ
ɽںͷڷӥϣǰȺĿ˸ЩȺԪ΢ӭ쫷ѹ֮Ҳ˾ܡ쫷硣
Ψв˱ԭĶǣǿϣУַ㡣
Ե紵ӡϣҷ·˺ļʱٶ̫ˣٶԽ죬Խǿٶȿ쵽µʱ򣬷綼絶а㣬ƽʱս֮ʱݵƶã˿̳ʱļٷУеĸܵĿֲ
ַϣ漴ϥ£һǣɽɿŰ
ַԺУһħ֮ǣ·ب㣬Ƿħ
ַ嵱УһǿתǹɿԵҷ紵ϣûַܸļ·ڴǧ
͡͡
һǿҵϸ΢촫Ⱥַֻŵֱ˺ѿźƮȥ䵽Զ
ַǳಲ壬ȺĿ⵱УһϣǿԿһţַÿһ缡·ѭΪ档
ţ˶ע⵽һĻͫײɵһô£ַ㣬Ȼ
ַߣһǿңԪ
Ԫַ㣬ֶΣ
üһ
ɽĿҲַϣ˸ַǿ
ɽַԺͶ£
һͷڷӥϣһӰվâַ㣬ַ䣬һ֣Žʣ·Ľʱܳʡɱˡ
ΪٿʣϻһӢѩ¹˴ޣ
˿̣罣ķַıϡ
ʱǶϵƷԴ΢΢Ŀֱĳоһ˿ǳЦĿ΢΢һ
Ʒ京Ц⣬ȴ·ҪĶ͸
ĿⶢƷƬ̣ƷҲһֱЦһ̶δ뿪

ͬںڷӥϵٺһŷſڽʵ֣漴תͷ·ʲô¶ûз㡣
ƷԴ΢΢ĵȥ¡
ⲻһĻû˵ע⣬ǵǿַ㡣
ɽⲻ䷢һĻû۾ǹһĨ޵Ц⡣
Щѩ֮ĶԹȻҲ֪һЩҺַ޼ضŶԷղҪַʱ͵Ϯɱַ㣬Ʒȴƺڰַ㡣
ȻûƷǶַͻɱ֣ܵ
һ㣬˵֪ɽûô򵥣ַôױ͵Ϯ㲻»ˣ


0529 ɽ۹
ͺڷӥյУ֮ȺѲ֪Խ˶ٳǳأֻ֪Ѿ߳ѩ¡
Ŀ⳯·ȥһΰĽѩ¹ӵ׳ΰҴǴ֮ɫѩס
һɫıݣֻɨһ۶ܹܵǹɴ֮ơ
ǣˡ
˴Σһͷڷӥıϣɽ˵Ⱥһâ˸
ǡɽ۹ʳǣѹֻ˵ĺΰ
ǵУ͸ż֮⣬Ҳ˼һ޵Ľ֮飬ǣѩ¹˳̤˵۹ɽ۹Ļʳǣǡ
׼ȥ
ɽٶȿ˵΢΢ͷΨַ㣬ɽţԼ磬һж֪
̧Ųߵַߣ΢΢˸һѾûˣΪλ
죬Ҫڣȴʱһ׼³Ļ˲䱻˻ȥ漴㿴ַſ貣ӡŷâУղܵǴַͫŶ
ɽ۹
Ŀɨһ·ĺ嫳ǳأַз·͸һɱĺ飬Ҳм꣬½ĵһ߳ѩ¡
ȥ
һ촫ɽĻ£ʱڷӥ£·ĳǳضȥ
ַֻ΢Ҳ·ĻʳǸȥûйƬ̣һ˱㽵˵֮ϣǽһĵشƺһ޴֮أǳտżм߶ǳĴһȺİ͡
ӭλɽ۹Ļʳǡɽعͷһˣ¶Ц⣬ȻԵ۹ʹݳʹѩ¹ϾԼĵ̣ٸоЩ˼ɡܵƣ̫صǣŸоз·һʯ£
飬㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
ַΧĻ˿վĵطһ嫿䳡䳡ı棬һ޴ĹţϴκȻż֣;ӡ
λһ£ǣλҪ;ͣգǱѾ麯֪ҲɳʮλųսѩȣȵһԼɽ۹ʮλŵһǰμѩȡ
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˶΢΢ͷûиеκε֣Ͼɽ۹ŵʵѩ¹ǿһЩҲ֮£۹վǵ۹ԴǿȸҪǿ
;вסغ֮أԸ⣬ѰϲĵطⱾΪλ׼
;ӣݣɽ۹֮ˣдѩ¹ԼȺ
۹վǵ۹
ַͷ΢΢ţԺһâɽ۹˼ѩ£ѩû㣬ҽɽ۹ȺֱӰ˻ʹУΪĹ֮ǽӴ
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ɽ۹ѩ¹Ĳһ۹һǸȺȻҲʲô뷨ֻǵͷ֮ˣǲ̫ںסأֻӳ̶ȵѣǶӵĿأԶסصĿ̫ࡣ
ˣλһ·ҲΪ࣬Ϣһұ㲻ˣλ£ͨ;ӵҵң⣬һһҪ֪λǣȻλɽ۹ұȷΪѩȵѡҲϣλԣԲ
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Ⱥһۣ漴ͶԶ˵۹ȻҪȥúһ⡣
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0531 ǿھŲ
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һŭַ֮¶漴ȭͷȭϣµһɽֱѹ˶ԷȭС
ǲƴһս֮ȻȴƫƫȥֱӶԿַľתħֻһȭ£촫ֱ۵ĹѣͬʱҲź˳ȥݺݵײԶǽ֮ϣһƵ졣
Ⱥͫ׾㶼һоâ˸ͬʱ֮ɫ
ַ㣬ֻ侳Ϊ˵ھŲ̤һȭ侳ص˺ɳȥԼȴԭأɽ
һ
ַ³һĮɫѿޱȣѪ촽ҧ
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·Ǹоַ͸ŵĺİĿһ˵͸ղűַһȭ˵Ϊ൱侳أԷӲסַһȭҲӲסҪַսĻҲȡ衣
ͣ˸ţȻûԤϵַ㾹ſԵʵǿ˹
һǸųֻ֪ѿ֮ҪսηǰҲɽ۹ţôɽ۹Ҳ̫ʧˡ
ַӶŲһ磬صԼλá
δ֣ѾڶԷϺݺݵĳ£ֻоϻʹ
ַ㡢мѩ¹˿ַ̣ȴ輰ɽ۹ƫƫ޷Ϊȷַ㡣
ΪƾһصԻ侳ؾǿߣԽսҲĪ̫԰ǣɽ۹۹վǵ۹ѩܹģܹˣǣڳıв٣ֻǲԸǿѡ
һ˵֮һĿüɵĺֻ꣬˿̵˵֮ʱʱͷƷƣֻż̧Ŀɨַ㣬͸ŵ԰֮޷εס
ַĿһתϣ罣
Ʒƣż̧ͷɨַ㣬Ҳַֻͣ˲䣬ƺĪɲ⡣
ַĿ⣬ȴһֱ뿪Ƭ̣üͷһ壬ٶ̧Ҳַ㣬޷װĪģ
˼ǣʤңֻǲԸǿң
ַ³һĿ΢΢𣬺˸
ˣе֪֮ĺá
˵ȻַͬĻʤַ㣬ֻǲԸǿ
仰һ㡣ַĮ˵һɫ¶һĨϷ֮ɫĵò֪ôܹ̤йھŲ֮ˣٶ侳أ侳֮Ҳв٣ұ֮һĪΪƾһصͿĿһУҷȰһĪ
侳أ𣿡
Ц˵ĿһУȰҪǴΣ
ĿһתϣҪʲô
һսܣǧӰ󷨣ǰܣҾƿͬҺȫȫңҪݡ
ЦţĿһҺÿһֻܷһƿһôߣΪθ֮ˣ֪ܲòҪĶעңǧӰ󷨣кá
Ҹġ
һ˵֮ģֻĻǶ˵İɣʶһθŹǧӰȫľƿҺġ
ãƼС㣬Ȼ
Ц˵漴򣺡ַ㣬ƿҺͬʱ£벻ĽһսԼŰˡ
ǵĵЦݣַоԼˣŮ˴ԼйǴĿĶ
ȻܹõȫľƿҺַȻҲһսġ
ǶһսҪҪطĶַͺһ
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ͬʱַͺ꣬˵á
Ŀԣײâ˸һɺڿռŶ
սɡַһȭͷֱӺ̴ľ֮ϣʱ̴ľм䱻նѣѷ죬ַǺ塣
Ųһ磬˳ѷ죬ַһʸ㣬Хǰȥ
궢ַ㣬һ侳Ϊַ磬ַ㡣
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ŭһŲϺݺݵһ壬˫ȭʱǧȭͷͬʱɱռ䶼ȭͷռֲޱȡ
𣡡
ַ³һ֮ǧħתһСѹһУЩȭӰȭ֮ʱȫʧ
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һصȺͷַһȭֱӺ˺ϣ͸ղͬһĻٶȳˣֱӱ˳ȥײǽ֮ϣѪɫ԰ס


0535 ɽ۹
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µĿХײǽַ֮Ӱϣµȭͷֱӳ˺ǰȭ⽫ͷȫɫޱȾ֡
ʤңֻǲԸǿң
ַ㿴žֵ۾Į˵úĿ⽩Ӳޱȡ
һȭһȭ侳ؾȴַһȭӲס
һȭͬݻţûһ侳صˣ׵ĻС
Ǻ꣬˵ĿҲӲÿµһȭǧȭͬӰһַȭͷǰ޵ֵַ֮һȭݿ࣬ѹһС
ĵ˸ͣŲ٣ַҲ侳ؾ磬ֱԾһȭ侳ؾˣûм
ַ㣬ʤ̫ɣʤ̫Ե
һȭʹõʲô
а²⣬Ǻɫַȭͷ·һبŴڵҪѹһУӹɣַ϶һص
ܱѡμѩȣȻͬѰ
а⣬ǸѡеţҲӦ侳ϲŶԡ
Ҫս𣿡ַĿ⳯ĿȥȭͷɻͣںǰǻҪսֱһȭܽˡ
Ҫˡ
΢΢ҡͷâ˸гƺʮ˺֮ࡣ
Ӯˡ
ĵĳһӣʱʮ˾ƺȫƮȥһ֣ʱʮ˾ƺһһҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ַ㣬Ϊǵļһɡ
Цַһ˦ʱֱӽԷ˦˳ȥɫĮĻصߡ
ߡ§ֱֱַӾͳŴ뿪Ųһ̤նȥõʮƿҺ֮û̡ͣ
ߵǰȥӰַ㣬츳Ǿ绹Щǵ侳֮ѩųˣַΪΪǵſԣַȴǿˣֻǴһ߳ѣһᡣ
ַ뿪й彵ڵأǣһĨЦ⣬ȡһݸַǾƿҺһãҲΪٽһƿң㲻ɣ
˵ὫƿҲңַ˵
ЦţҲûţôˡƣûе㱨ꡣ
ַ㣬˵ʵƼҵǧΣЦЦĿַǣĺŮɲ֪ǶлĶء
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ַ㵭˵Ϊ侳֮ʱʹǧӰ֮ЩߵƺǸΪŮˣ±Ҫɫ࣬Ů붼Щֲ
ģ˵ҪݵĵȹˣĵȣıǻһŮˣܹȼ
ЦţַĵҲмֺ֮⡣
ĺ˳ɲΪǵòɡ
ַ㵭˵һ֮ŮƣҲжŮԶϾ磬صԶ
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϶Ļش˵ַüͷ΢΢
ַĶһתֵȻҲҪ٣ɽ۹ԴǿָԶѩܱģͱģƼΪܣǿܽҺˮȣ츳ܲǿ
ڰο𣿡
ַǳЦ£üɲΪԱʵֻǣô϶˵ԲĵĶ֣Ȼǿ󣬶ɽ۹϶ֹһˡ
һ۹ˣ۹ټЩУҲж޵ھͲμѩȣ֪Ҫŵ
һҪϿΪǿʵ
ַаԼһɽ֮⡣
ΪʲôҪο㣬ֻܵһ겻񡣡ƲƲ죬ĵ
ĺģɽ۹ŵڼַʵ
ǰ϶Ӧ˵ɽ۹ſΪĵǽ巣Ѿڶ͵ıĺģ˭ǰ˭֪ǽֹһΣƽ֣ʵ൱һˣĿ£ɽ۹Ҿ֮ˣĪϧ
Īϧġġ巣ˣɽ۹ܳˡ
ַаǼ£ˣǱڵĶ֣Ҳһͻѩԡ
Ȼɽ۹в츳֮ӵǿֶͨΣҲСڰִǸݽɫ
ллЩַһЦЦºͣȴĿ˸ûֱַ㣬ߵлֻʶһôѣѩȣˮĺܣô򵥣Ҳѩ¹ԼһЩνţڻҶѣΪܹ¡

ַ㲻һЦѩʮȣơǿѩ¹ܸ߳ͣɾͳģҲֻһ˶ѣˣҲ˵ǿµֻԼֻڻңѩʲô㡣


0536 ͻ
ַ˸Ҳַ֪֮ˣȻмƽϣҲȥ˵ôࡣ
Ϊɽ۹ˣҪַҪ࣬Ȼ֪ѩȵգ˾ˣݽ棬û˻ϧ㣬츳ߵĻһ˿ȥܡ硣
ȥʲôطҶǱȽϤԴȥַ˵һ
ַ˼Ƭ̣ܷһʱ䣬ҷ¾ƿҺһΪ鷳ȥȥһˡ
ãұһݡ˵ͷ
ѩ¹֮ɽ۹඼ֻͣƬ̱ȥò߳ô᲻ȥĴʶһ۹⡣
ټݵУԵøİַԼԺУ̨ͤȣ̤Ժ漴ȡƿҺ
ƿֱǾֲͬɫ
ҺкЧã
ַһ
ղŵĻȪ¶Ѿùˣʲôоʵ
һûзءַҡҡͷ
ǽǴ˸УԪȥûɢʵ
ַ˵ͷȻҺܱղ£ʺϷá
㵹ܵҲãǻȪ¶һ¡
ַ΢΢ͷſǶڻȪ¶Ԫ֮תʱǻȪ¶ַȫ
̼䣬ֱַ̨泩˷·ƮƮȻ
Чʶߺܶɡ
ַĿһȪ¶ǣеһж͸ͷ֮ʱĸомơ
泩ַ˵
˵ͷڵûˣƿҺãȪ¶ܹǣ˿ճеҺܹٽԪٶȣӿԪתҲеҺ˾񾳽ɱ䣬֮ƿҺֵǣ侳֮ͻһˡ
ַĿ˸ùķԪҾƣЧǳھŲҺȻȵķԪҾҪ࣬ЧãÿһƿΪݳޣƿҺһΪͻƣ
ǵӵܣ˵һ̤йھŲܹõһѵҺ֮⣬̤֮룬ÿһۣңйÿҲֻṩźҺûУϾҪ־ƣҲô׵ġ
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ַϥźҺһһУͬˮ㣬Ǳ˿ҧгݣַ㣬ֱǱֱһй࣬˷ѣûȥϸϸƷζҺζ
źҺ¶ǣַ㳤һӣʱΧȫԪʯ
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ַҧ³һ˻֮˿·һѪҺԪħ֮ȫǣ
ʹȪ¶֮ôˬźҺȫ壬ַȴܵʹ·Ҫ˺ѡ
ţ죬ÿһϸѪҺȼգʹûַʧȥǣַޱȵ·ܹܵڵһ˿һС
һɿֲĳ֮ͻأַȼն𣬴շ쾭תϵԪʯеԪĳַܶȥ
ʹַ㾹ֱӿʼ
վһԣĿַֻƬ̣оޱȣԺе¶ȣ·ΪַΪ
ַڶͷڵס⣬̧ͷпȥ̫֮£ҫַϣ貶Ŀ˳ޱȳȵĿٿַ㣬Ȼķ֣ʱַϣһ̫ͼɵһ¡
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Ŀַ̣̫̫֮Ϊãе̫ͼȼգһС̫͸ڿյսӳ
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ֲĻ潫ַַ̨֣ڿ񱩵ڲϢʱţڵʹļˬ֮С
һԪ֮ڸӿľţǿķħתԺ顢һж·Ϊ泩
һԪʯУԪĳַȥַΧּѤԪߣͬʱеԪҲ궯ţַϵĳȻ浱С
״̬ãַһ㿴ǹԪ·˳ŵ챻븹УͬʱԪҲ̼ûַ嵱Уһ˲䣬еԪֱַ壬Ϊ̫֮

ַ³һ˳ǿһ³˻˻죬վַ˫գֻоޱ泩ֵĻҲϨ֮ɡ
̫ÿͻһ󾳽磬Ԫʶ࣬ǿ౶ַеһоĹţԪԼžԾ
ȥĻΪÿͻһ磬ȱ˿ǿ󹦷ĺô
Ȼͻˡ¶һ˿ϲɫźҺȻַͻһ󾳽磬ĻѩУַ˼ְա
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ַЦŵͷͻ֮ʱһǸտһ磬ֻ⾳ĳڣҪӦܲϱǿַ㣬þźҺֱӿ侳سڣֱ̤ȶ׶Ρ


0537 ֮
ҺЧɣ
ַǵЦҲΪˣַͻƣô˵ҲһݹС
źҺһãܰԵַ˵ͷûҺҪڵľ磬»Ҫһʱգڣȱɾʱˡ
ﻹоźͬҺϧʹõЧãĻǿȫ¡ЦҺǵҩÿηЧַ֣źᵼºٷЧ½
ٸַõĻǱˡ
øңԼҲҪͻΪ磬ÿԽźҺ£õĻҿΪ㻤ַҡͷ̰֮ˣܹõźҺΪͻƣѾ֮ϲˣȻ̰ͼࡣ
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θ󣬾ƿĽ׳ʹȥɡ˵ͷ
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ַʱ򣬷Ľ׳еĽ׳һ޴򣬾ͷ·а㣬УѰס
һƬĽֵȫȺڵϰڷĿĽ֮ֻԼ׵Ĺ̶λ
ǳ׳ܹƷַ㿴ǰһƬ̯λһ
Ҫѡɽףй䣬˵Щ̯ڷŵĽ֮ûмֵʱ˵һЩıߣҲҵҪĶ񱦡
ַ˵һַ˵ͷֽ׳ҪõҪĶȷʵҪɷ֡
ȻҲǿҪȥ֮ˣһЩҪıԳ֡
ֲһַ㵱Ȼ֮ʱһ֮ǣһöʱǱƴҵˣۻ᳴÷ǳĸߣҪԽ֮ļֵȻ⻹ǵÿҪǼٸߵļۣҲҲں
ȥ߿ɡ
ַ˵˾䣬еĽ׽ֵȥַǰʱһӰ˸ַǰ
ַŶԷһŮӣֻŮҲͬɨַ㼸ۣ漴Ŀתַϡ
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Ů˵һĿһĴַ˳ŮӺһʦ𡣡
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һȥŮӺǳһ漴ת̧Ų
վûȴŮӵĽŲͣعͷҵĻ㶼𣿡
ʦ𣬵Ӳҡ
ͷ漴ַԺ㡣
˵գ̧Ų긾ŮȺУƬ̣ȫʧַߵС
ַ㿴ʧӰ΢мƣɽ۹ǣνǳϤԴĴϤһû뵽ôҲʦˣǵÿԼȥˡ
̧Ųַ㳯ſ뽻׽ֵУţĿĴǿȤ֮ҲԸͣƬ̡
ַ⽻֮أмĿģһϣһЩܹıַ㣬ǳʵ
ڶԭΪַҪһζ񵤵ĵ
񵤿ǼΪַѩ¹ûлõֻǴӼе֪񵤵ҪǾݣѾˣڣɽ۹ҲռҪҩˣĻѾͷԶᱻһֱ⵽
ȻҪõַڳ۾̯λ⣬ҲЩӾУӡǿ񵤵֮ȻֿԼûС
٣еϣңûеõ񵤣ҲҲܹһЩĺö
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ʱַĽŲͣ漴ߵһ̯λǰ
̯֮һߣӰ㣬˫۾ȴͣתţƺǳľ
ǡ֮񣿡ַָŵϵһƬʵǳеļ֮ƺ̫ЩֻһƬѡ
ү۹⣬ƬǳԼ֮洢һЩƬϢô֪үûȤ
Ƭд洢ʲô
ַʵǴ洢ļƬζûõĻҪʲôһطΪΪʵҪһߺü硣
߻˵ַĿ΢طȻΪ
ǣ˶֮ܿ˵ΪƬУŽȻ෴֮Ϊءζһַʵ
ƷԪʯ߻Ӧַ㣬ַĿһһƬֵƷԪʯ
ƬļֵɲǿƬǿ֮ƬǼطֵƷԪʯѾˡ
߻Ӧ˵һҪһƷԪʯŻݡ
ַĬƬ̣Ϊ˵ҲУ˵ñҲԣַϢ֮еȤġ
֪˵ģƬ洢ϢļطһǼٵֵΣ
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ȿ٣㿴˷棬ͷǹ򲻿ɡЦ˵
ƷԪʯƬ֮⣬ټһ֮ô
ֵַɽ۹˶֮ȴûУɲţܳԿ֪Ϊȴ֪Էġ
ַ֮ԶϢطȤ뵽㣬սʱԳ䲻⡣


0538 Ȫ
ַĻЦˣ۾֮䲻ϢطȣҲһֲֶͨΣҪټ֮ҲԣҪһöƷԪʯΣ
þļһַ㿴ŶԷ˫۾аǵ˵ͷ֮طöƷԪʯԳɽҪٸԪʯ㡣
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ЦŵͷִϵƲ̳һƬһݸַ㡣
СӦ֮˰ɣܴﵽ侳ΪѵáЦŵƬɽ۹Ƭ֮ֻҪʶУĨӡ۾ͿԶȡеļƬΡ
ַ㿴˶ԷһۣǹȻԻͷЦŵ˵ͷʶֱ뵽öƬУȡеļ䣬Ŀⲻͣ˸š
ֻǹƬַ̣ϱ¶һĨЦ⣬ƬмصļƬΣ֮Ϣطдַ㵱Ȼܹжϳ
Ȼܾ
ַеһʹ֮Լ֮öν֮ԻһֶΡۣ۲ԷѪǿĳ̶ȣһۿɶ϶ԷΪ
֮Ǹ֮ƽƻϢĲǿȥһּ󣬸ŶԷۣȻҲһƣǶԷǿڶԷ֮ǰΣʹطҲûãӰ첻˶Էжϡ
ȡöƷԪʯַ㽫֮ݸߣˡ
ˬ졣ֻӶ£öƷԪʯʹַʧˡ
ַߵ˵ͷ߿ϣһͣĲš
ֻƬַֻ֮оԼüۣ֮·һ˫۾һ˿һۣȻԷΪ˲һĿȻ

ַеһֿʼ֮ʼԼϢַ֮׽ԼϢƳ󣬿ֻ侳һضѣո̤侳
֮֮Сֶκط㲻ҪȥֱӵɣƬʱ䣬ַͽֶζƿˡ
СӣһҪ㣬㿪֮ҲҪҵȥӱ˵ΪǶԷҲ֮ĸоⲢһò֮£һЩƢŹ֮ˣ˵ֱӶ֡
һַĶУַ£ȥȴûмӰɵЦҡͷߣԷΪ򵥰
Ŀ·Ե̯λɨţ̯λ˵һЩö
үҪҪһ˶ַ㺰һַ㿴һۣ漴˿ϵĽЦҡҡͷһѣһȭ
Ŀǰɨȥַͣһ̯λ֮ϣǾŮڲϵκۡ
ھ½ַ£̯λȴǷǳ壬ѯʵ˶ûС
׹ʲôۣ
һ漴ַ㿴λŮߵ̯λ֮ǰ˵֮ϸ͸һ˿֮⣬·ܽϧ֮⣬ԵŮӴȹòŮӣҲΪʣȴ͸һɸ֮⡣
ⶫȻŮΪϲ
ַЦ£׼߿ʱȴǰ̯˵ɲ׹ȪܹϮ֮ҿʹõĻúʡ
Ȫ񡣡Ů£漴мǰǹ˵ģ
ԡ˵ͷЦ
ʱԶַҲͣ˽Ųߵ̯λ֮ԣȴŮʵȪ嵱е֮֮ʴ
ģڱһԡͷ˵
áŮӦһһöȪԼĲ·ڴһŵİ׹⸡֣ƺż⡣
ǰһмöȪ񣿡ŮƺЩ˷ܣʵ
ЩǣֻеһöԼһöȪܹԴԴϵ֮ȪЧûôãҲһʱԼ顣
̹ϵĿ˵Ůº͵ЦЦллǰЩȪʲô۸񣿡
öȪÿһöǶʮƷԪʯټЩƷʲ̫ߵȪҪĻʮƷԪʯȫ㡣
ʮƷԪʯŮһĿ⿴һԵĻ飬ȴΪŮȪûʲôͺȥʮƷԪʯɲǵͼۣǲǿ̫˵㡣
ǲĻ뿪
Է΢䣬Ҳôֱ˵˵
ãȪܲһö
ʱַǰһ꿪˵ȪܹԴԴϵ֮Ļ鵹мĺôʮöƷԪʯ۸ȷʵֲǶҪ˶ԣҲֵá
ʲô졣
ǸŮӲˬĵַһۣĿַ⳯㿴һַ̣ĸܵԼɨӣ΢м¶
֮
ַĿ΢֮ˣȻײ˶ԼĿ⡣
ģҪĻұ㡣ַĵ˵ͷ漴Ů֪㿼ǺûС
ЩҶҪˡŮҧҧȡʮöƷԪʯݸꡣ
ʫϡ
ԱߵĸŮӺһƺûлﲻˬǽʫϵŮѾ꽻ԪʯȪҲûˡ
ַüͷ΢΢£ò֮ȷʵô׵ķŹǿںʱǶôʹ࣬ȪӦܹࡣ


0539 
ǰȥַŮߣãȪһö𣿡
Ů̧ͷ峺͵Ŀַһۣ漴¶һǸɫ΢΢ԴǸȪкܴôҲø㡣
Ϊϵ֮𡣡ַ㿴Ů˵ӶԷϣоһɺ㵹Ǻмơ
һѺһҲ֮ԣϣܹһöȪңҿԶһԪʯ
ַ㻰пϣԷȹȪҲΣֻܺͶԷϣԷһö
⡭Ůһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôźá
ԱߵĸŮɨһַ㣬ĵһЩԪʯ𣿡
ʫϣ˺αȥ߰ɡ漴ŮֶŮڵǣŶԷתҪ뿪
ܿ㡢ȵȡǱʫϵŮӰ˶Է֣漴תַ㣬һЩȪݸַöȪҿҪԼţЩȪ͸ɣϣܰﵽѡ
ַ㿴Ů۾͸ż֮⣬ַЩĲȪ
ϵĺô£Ҳҿ԰ﵽҲ˵
ַûȥеݹȪ꣬ϵɷ⣬ΪԼԵʣ޷ŮΪԭе֮ҲܹҲ˵
ܹκöԷϵ֮ĻôŮԸ񣬿϶ὫȪ񶼸Լģȫˡ
ŮַĻ£漴ҡҡͷûõģҵ֣֮ҩ޷ΣҩʦҲƲˣҵļ壬ҩʦ֮ҡ
ַ΢΢һ㶣ҩʦ֮ңҩʦְҵǺʦΪҩʦܹβҩʦ
磬ٲһ֢ҪҩҩʦһԣҲᾫͨһЩ֮һձ󣬵ʦͬʦҩʦְҵǲмģҩֻͨҪܹƳõĵҩҪҩʦá
ô֪һʦ
ַ㿪˵Ů΢΢һַ㣬һʦڴ½ʦݣȻҪҩʦģ𾴡
ʫϣҪ侳һ֮ˣһôСдɾͣǸƭӡ
ŮʫҪ뿪ַüͷ壬ŮҲ̫˰ɣԼƺδ
֮
ַͺһü֮·ӶԷΪ
ŮҲ侳صΪŮʫϣӵ侳һصΪַа̾ɽ۹Ļʳǣ޵ʵȻҪѩ¹Ҫձǿ١
۹վǵ۹̰ֶλԴ϶Ҫʤѩ£ΪձҪ߳һЩҲ
󵨡񣡡
ǸŮоַ̽ΪɵϴźŭһǳĲˬ
һַӲˬˣ˵ŮӣȻƯȴղҲַΪ̹̹·ʲô鶼ûзַֻǿһΪǳַ󵨡
ֻ׼ң׼Ҳ̽Ϊַ䵭˵һƺͷβûк˵ɣһֱʲô죬񡣡
áܺãҵҪһ侳һصˣƾʲôô˵
Ů˵һɺͷţַϣַɫ˼֣һԲϣҪô
侳أһָ
ͷ΢΢£ַһĺâ
ܿ㣬ˣǸʲô
ŮŲߵŮӵǰǹ赲סַ¶һ˿ǸЦݡ
ǸҽƢ̫ãϣܹ¡
Ů峺ǸЦݣַŭҲɢ˼֣㣬Ӧò׽ðɣ
ǣҽûдŮش
ַ˵ͷ׽õĻһţһҲôᡣ
㡭
ǸŮַĻɫһŭ
ܿ㡣ʫŮһ¶Цҽлʫϣ˵Ҳܽҵĺǿԣ㲻еĻҲԵѣˣЩȪҾͶ㡣
áַ˵ͷЦŵҽַ㡣
ַ㡣ʫϵһְ£漴Цַ㣬ȥҼҰɣҲԺҸһ취
ʫϣôԽ˴С
ŮʫϾҪַؼңɵǲ֮ɫ
ûϵַ޷ʫϲЦܿ㣬㲻Ҫַˡ
ܿɨַһۣ¶һвɫȴûм˵ʲô
ַ㣬ںܿв
ңɽ۹Ļʳ㲻Щĺ֮󣬵Ҳʵһ壬һռݰĶľ޴ۡ
ɽ۹֮ձʵǱѩǿҲûǿ󵽱ض侳ǿߣʫϺͻܿԴ壬츳ҲǳŶӵ侳Ϊ硣
Ҹַۡ㿴Ǿ޴ʯ֮ϣžſ̫Ϊע⡣
ַ㣬һ֮𣬼ĹǾҸ׵ҲΪ⸮ϵľſ̫ͼԢ⡣
ʫϵᣬַ˵ǰʫϺͻܿҲ΢΢һС㡣
ڴУǹأһֱȱ
ҸۡĴţһ޴䳡֮вڴ˵д轻Щ˶ƫᣬһЩԴָ
ŵļ壬ǳĳ
С㡣
ʫϽˡ
˿ʫϺͻܿ߹ЦźͻʫϴкȴܿòԵĶͷܿҲᣬҲܹ˵Ĳ졣


0540 
ȻΪַͻʫһ飬Ȼⲻ˵Ŀⶼַϡ
һЩͻʫµĻӵܣǵĿ͸Ų֮⣬ڻңʫϿŮӣΪǫᣬǼ֮ŮܶѪյ궼Ľ֮⣬ڿַ㣬ɽ˼С
ַüĳŮڻҹȻܰĽأ㣬Щ꿴оͿԿ
ַ㵹ҲûЩѪյķŭⶼ֮ʱʫϵҲֵĽ
ʱһװߵʫϺַǰĿⲻƵĿַһۣʫϣʲôˣ
ѣַ㡣ʫ
Ŷ˵ͷֲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ȥˡʫ˵һ漴̧Ų꽫λÿַ㿴ǺЦҡҡͷ
ڻʫϺַ߿䳡ϣ̾Ϣ
ʫԽԽˣҲ˳ɻ֮䣬ҵһ꿡һ㲻ѣϧˡ
һڻ֮£ҡͷ̾
ֻܹŪˣʫԸֺãĵȴƫƫԬǻ쵰ţˣǱ
һҲͬҡͷΪʫϸеϧ
Ҳ֪ʲôˣĪʫϿ֮˲ɣ
ģҲ侳һصΪԬǰʲôʱʫϲȥ۱˵ġ
Ҳԡʻߵ˵ͷΪΣԬƴԬ츳̫ǿҸûܹѹƵס
ʱҵĴУʫϱַ˴˵أڴУмλòϵꡣ
ʫϣȷܹڵ֮
Ϊ׵ż֮Żʫʵ
ף˲ǸƭӶѣƾΪεʫϵ֮ƾԬͩʵ˲֪١
ʫϻûпڣܿ˵
壬ַһҲûʲôϵ
ʫҡͷЦ
һԵûϵʫϣ֮˶ͼı졣
ѻʫϵ漴ϸϸĴַ㣬ĵȻֻ侳һصΪ˵ܲܰʫϽ֮û⣬ĪĻ죬ƾʵһһҲ䲻һҵŮˡ
˵գ϶һӣм̫ʦϣ¶֮·߸ϣ۾ַ㡣
ַĿһɨſʱԷΪΣĳԺС
侳۷ѡ
ַЦѹֶԷӲʵΪ϶϶ûǿģ˲ŻΪ侳һء
ţ
϶ü漴Ŀ
꣡
еĲ豭ѣ϶ɫ䣬ǲ豭ֱӱɷĩ
㵨Ӻܴ󡣡϶ַ˵ַ㣬ҿΪΪ
һ侳һصСӣҲ˵ţ޼ɵ
֪ļһܿɫһ䣬ȻҲ֪ʲôȻַ֮׵ΪŻʹͻȻ䶯ŭ
壬ַ㲢ǿ⣬ܹ½⡣
ʫһæַ⡣
Ҿǹġ
һַ³ûʫϵɫһܿͻ϶ĿҲ㶡
ַ㣬˵ǹģôĵӣֱĿˡ
ַңʫһǺθɣһ˵Ļ죬̽Ϊַ㷴̽㱻񡢴󵨣ֱдǽַ㵱ʲôˣҵˣ
˵һ㡣϶¶ַ֣֮ȴ֪ϣַβκвѹ
˵һΣҾǹģ㵱ַҵ˲ɣ
ַĮ˵ռĮѹ֣ڼž
ǻҵļλŲ΢΢̧𣬳ַ߶
ô£
ʱһϵʫϵ¶һ˿ϲɫعͷǽꡣ
ͷϣѾ˲ٰ׷Ե΢Щϣɻ
ףʶһַ㣬˵Ҳеĺ
ʫֱ˵ûĿ΢΢һ漴ַ㣬ģ
һٿԣҲַܹӦ
ǺãȻʦĻҪʲôҩĻܸ˵ܸȫԸұҲḨ㡣
ˬĿ˵ַ˵ͷԻзִ硣
Ǻãʲôʱ֣ʵ
ھͿԡַӦһ漴ʫϣʫС㣬Ͱ⣬Լѡطɡ
ַ㣬Եҩ𣿡ʫɻʵ
ǣҪֱӰ⣬Ҳܱ˴šַ
ߡȴ϶һվұ˵Ļ죬磬ʫƣҲġ
Ҳġܿͬڵ
üѵַ㻹ҶŮβɡ
ף壬ûµģַֻһԶѣ⵱Ȼã⺮⣬ַҲѣǺαʦڡ
ʫϿЦַȥҵԺаɣᰲܶ࣬ᱻ˴š
üͷƬ̣漴˵ͷ԰ɡ
ʫЦַַ㣬סĵطɡ
˵գʫϴַ߳ȣһ԰֮أȷľҲû˸š
ôң˵ģһͼı졣
ַ㿴Żʫϣ΢Цʵ
ʫϵһ˿Գ֮ɫҡҡͷʲôֵͼıġ
¡ַ㿴ʫϵɫüƺʲô
ûʲôʫƺ˵ҡҡͷַ㣬ɣҪô


0541 컷
𣿡ַҡҡͷԺвС
סĵطûңҪĻҪôȥҵҰɡ
ʫ˵֮⣬һȥԼĹ뷿ңܹһɬ֮¡
Ҳԡ
ַ㵹ûôֻ࣬ĵ˵ͷ
һʫϵԷУ֮ϮˣҲŨֵֻʵ㣬ֺͶҶ뷿еͬ˸оˬ
ŮˣԾӶ˵ô
ַеŮûŨױĨʩ죬ҲȥһЩƷȥװηݣôȻ㣬˸о
ַ㣬ô
ʫֶַʵ
£ǻ湦ܲܽڵĺȳַŻʫ˵һʫȴַ㣬Цҡͷ
ַ㣬ûõģǼҲǻ湦ڵĺԬҾΪҸ׵ľҪ֣޷Ƴ
ַһƺҲ̫˵ɡ

ʫƺַ֪룬ͷǰһҾԵĸߣһ壬Ҳǻ湦ͬҩңȴһѹƣһ壬Ԭҡ
֪Ƿ⣬һҽû䣬Ԭ֮˵õĪĻԵ䣬ڣ棬ͬʱ֮ǳǽ֮ȡǿһңҪһҿƲڽ¡
ڣַĿ΢ǽȻ෴ԣһڣܷıͬԴս֮ʱһһȷֲܿ
Ԭ֮ҪԸǻңΪβֱӳ֣Ҫ֮עڣ
ַŻʫʵôһŮӱ֮ĥˡ
ǲҪԸһңҪȡҪ̲һңĿģΪ˵õһҵ
ʫĿЩįĵңԬңǳһ츳ףɽ۹ţܵ۹ӣΪμѩȵѡʵǿǴˣ֮עڵģҸҲⲻˡ
úֶΣֺעڣ˻µַ֡˵һʫϿЦ£ûж˵ʲôֻǵַ㣬˵Ի湦Ҫȳϣ󡣡
ַЦ£ڻʫϿþ޷ȳ侳һصַˣ˵ϣҲֻί˵ַԻ湦ȳ
ԵĻôַ֪ҡҡͷ޷֮ܽȳҲУҲɵ
Ǻðɡ
ʫϵ˵ͷȻΪַܹԻ湦ڵĺȳȻַҪԣҲþܾǱǲַˡ
ַŻʫ˵һʫϵ˵ͷϥ֮ϣַ£ڵԼҲʹþңһ𽫺ȳ
ʫϵ˵ͷ漴ַ΢շ쾭תһɿµĳ֮Ŷ
ʫϵ۾΢΢һգǹرŵĴ·ֱ̫֮Ӵ͸ϣΪĹ졣
˻һͺӻʫϵ³һ˫ıϣ˲䣬һޱȿµĳ֮嵱Уɳֱ֮ľ̺ĳ֮ɽϵĳȣһΡ
ţ
ʫ𾪣ôᣬַĻ湦֮ÿ£֮ˣԻ֮ⲻִϲ˿̣ȴϲ֮⣬·嶼Ҫȼɳȣ̫£ĳ
ˣ
һͻأڻʫȼ
ʫϿһԼϣɵ÷һ˫ֽ§ӣɫ˲ͨ죬ȼˣɳ֮⵱ȼ˲ϢͻΪҽʧӰ١
ʫͪȫ¶˿ռ䵱УǴɫַ˫ıϣഥɫһƬǹɿֲĳ֮·ˡ
ָڵĻȥеĺ⡣
ַʫϵĶĤУûʫһݣɫͣıţ˿գ屩¶ν
͡
һϸ΢ȴûʫһַ˫еĳ֮嵱УǹɺײȥĨ
ҧ촽ʫһգڣʼȥַָ嵱еĻ
ҵУ֮ɳȵУ˿˿Ĵ⡣
ֻƬ֮󣬱һź֮ϣɺڲͣţȫǱշ쾭ӻʫĺ⡣
շ쾭ַ̫֮㾳绹̫ߣܹԴշ쾭֮ȳ
ȡ
ʫɫͨ죬ѩ׵ļ˿ҲȵĻӺϵĺҲ֪仹ǳȣˡ
һЩʱϵĺȫȳɻʴ塣
ַҲ˵˿۾ǣǰû覴õŮ΢𼸷
áʫϵ˵ͷַתϵ嵱С

ҴУǣʵͷȴ̫ƽַʫ뿪ҲһЩʱˣһ㶯ûУҲ֪ôˡ
磬㾹侳һصС𣿡
϶Ż˵뵽ַ㣬бһ⡣
˲ɣȻҪԣҾ͸һԵĻᣬȥ㡣
ҡҡͷڰգʲôգһ侳һ֮ˣҪȳʫڵĺ̸ףֻ漣ɣĻҪԬЭˡ


0542 
ʫϵķ֮ڣ֮ɣȴı䵭ʫô壬ѩ׵˫籩¶⣬һ̲ס嶯֮⡣
Ǵ˿̻ʫǺߵ񣬸Ҫһ׷
ַ㣬лл㡣
ʫеĴ죬ŵַͨ죬ø£˵š
ûʲôҲΪȪַ㽫еѹסվ֮ȥ˵㡣
߳䣬ַȴǳ³һйһ˿Цһˣѿư
ʫϿַ߳ȥĿ˸漴۽¶һ˿ǳЦ漴һԼϲĴһ
ȴַ㾹ãżʫƣ˳
ʱĻʫûʩ죬ֻϴһ˳ĳ磬ͷһƷ٣˫ݾӨ͸һĨߺ֮⣬ʤա
ټϻʫŵһϯɫȹ΢¶ѩ׵Ĳ¶⣬˲֪Ҫ˳ѩ׵ظϵ̽ȫڽĳȹȫӳ˳޶ˡ
ַ㡣
ʫϼֱַĶԼɵɬĺһԴ΢΢ţɫӵĺ

ַһ㶣漴Ц˿̵Ļʫȷʵ̫ޣǳ˿װһԵȻģӰƺҪӵ뻳úñűǺջˮ֮ɡ
ʧˡַǸ˵ЦҡͷŮҲˣȻʧȻʫϴľ޷ǳ𾪡
û¡ʫҡҡͷ漴֣һҵݸַ㣬ȪˣȻҵ֮ѾȳҲûʲôãɣϣܰﵽѡ
ַҲûп֮ҽӹŻʫ¶лЦݣС㣬лл
ַԼĳƺʫϵһĪʧ֮ɫַ㣬㻹ǽʫϰɣһСҺܲϰߡ
ַһ㶣漴죬ʫϡ
ʫַĺ¶һĨõЦݣַǳȥɣǻڵȺأϢȥ
ַ˵ͷ漴ͻʫϳŴķȥ
ʱУǣֱͣûԵӣԵЩ꣬Ȼ˿ģЩ֮С
磬Ҫûܿȥ
϶Ż˵Ŀ˸˼£漴˵ͷҲãĪҪǡ
İɴ󲮡ܿ˵ͷתŴȥ߳ȥĽŲֻͣԶӰĳַ̤ʫˡ
Ҵ˿̵ʫϻһ޶ˡ
ʫϡһӰ˸˲˴⣬ԼŮ֮ʱҲ£ʫһϲ磬˿ȴޣǺ⣿
Ӧȥַڵĺ
һ˫˫۾ԼʫϵĿвɵ΢΢£Ϻɬ飬˻ɡ
ĿƵĿַ㣬һﲻǶŮʲôɣ
ʫϣǣ
̲סһʫ̧Ŀ⣬ŻףϵĺѾַˡ
ţ
һ㶣϶ԼܿҲһ㶣ʫϵĺκβˣ˿̻ʫ˵ַˣ
һ˲˻ʫϵߣֱӴ˻ʫϵֱϣɵͫһ
Ȼ˿̻ʫϵڣѾû˺·𶼸˼֡
Ŀ⾪Ŀַ㣬ʵ޷ַ㣬ܹʫڵĺûбʲôϣַֻһԡ
ʧˡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬ַ㣬ʦ
ǡ
ַ˵ͷĿҲûжʣַܹʫϵĺ⣬㹻ˡ
ʫϿַһۣ˵ʲôվֽͱϣû˵
ַ˵ʦȳں֮ʱȴûκεĵҩԹȳȻɵ
ʫ𾪣ַʵ꣬ôôǿַ㣬ȴֻ侳һصΪ
ַ㣬϶Ϊ
ΪҪǿĵҩʫڵĺȳܣôݵʱ䣬ҲƲʲôҩǣ㱾пʫںĵҩ߱ȴŪ飬˵ģǻǣ
϶ǰһڻʫϺʧȻỳɣԼ鲻д
Ҫô˵ǱǰɡַЦĻӦһңΪȪȪѾõֲڻңںô࣬ôȥ롣
ߣȻҲУĻӽʫϣΪʲôʲô˵Ŀģ˵ɡ
϶ַ㣬͸֮⡣
Ŀ˸Ĭû˵Ȼ϶ĻЩȴҲмֵѰ
ַĿɨҵλˣĿ΢䣬ǿЦ֮ˣѹֻһԽԽԬ衣
תĿ⣬ַûٿ϶Լʫϡ
ַ㣬㲻ҪġʫϲϵҡͷҪͣȴ֪α
ʫϣĺѱұˡ
ֱַӸ˵αҪ￴ɫ
ַ㡣ʫϵĽ֮ɫȴַʲôҲδ˵̧Ų㳯Զȥ
ߣ˵Ŀģܾô뿪
϶һŲҪַ׷ȥ
ʱ򣬻ʫֱӵǰŭ壬ַ㲻ûамĻΪѣǿһΪѣСǼѹһûˣûһţĻҲڱԬͩ衣
ʫϵƢһܺã˿ŭȳû϶ǣ漴Ϳʫתַ׷ȥ


0543 
ַ㣡
ʫ˸ȹƮַǲ̤ĲǼĿ죬׷ϲϡ
ַҲ֪ʫں׷ϣҲûκ˼Ů֮⣬ûһ˳ۡ
ǻܿŮǸе
ûͣ½Ųַһ㣬ڻҴ󣬺ܿ㴩̤֮ʱ䳡ֱ߳˻Ҵš
Ƭ֮󣬴ɫȹĻʫҲ׷˿˿̳ŮĻʫϲɵ£ʫȴûʱǣֱ׷˳ȥ
ʫϣ׷Ǹղŵꣿ
ǵжһǸղʫһ꣬ʲôˣô˿̵ĻʫĽ֮ɫ
׷ҸţǰĽֵﻹַӰʫϲɵվǣ͸ŨŨʧ䣬Ȼʧ·ʲôȻȥ
ŲҪȥڴʱһƮ
ʫϣˡ
ʫϵĽŲͣǣعͷ㿴ĸ״󲽿
ʫϣˣҪ׷кá˵ȴʫϷǣַôߣΪ⣬ǾȻһлĻûУȫɺ裬ף㲻ܹ𡣡
ʫϵĻĬ£漴Ųʫϵߣڻʫϵ۽Ǵһ⣬ƺΪַίƺַ뿪˸С
ʫϵԴ¶һĨ˸֮⣬⻹ǻʫ϶һοŮ۽ǵ⣬ܺʴһֱ΢Цԡ
ӣĶ˰ɡ
̾Ϣ˵ûʫͷ΢΢һĶֻһ˲֮£Уڲ˵ļ䡣
ʫҪףΣֻͽ˸жѣȻܲϾΪƫܹԿԬͩ˵ˣֻбԬͩǿܽΣȻ˲ַ㡣
ʫ죬Ҫ˵ʲôվһ仰Ҳ˵˵ַΪܶԿԬͩԬͩɽ۹һţǶһ׶ˣַǺԬͩϣҲֻķݡ
ʫϣڵĺⱻֻ˵һѡ񣬲ܵԬͩвȣǣ뿪۹ĻԬͩ⼸ֻǻҪˡٶȿڵ
ʫϵдȻ֮ɫҡҡͷ뿪ǣô죿
ǻȥɡĵʧ䣬ŻһضȥǸ뿪֮ʱڽֵһƫƧĽ䣬һӰ˸Ȼַ㡣
Ԭͩ
ַ૵һʫϺ˵λžԬͩɣԬ֮ͩע˻ʫϵڡ
ңԬͩƺвȻʫϣҪûʫϳΪŮˣĻܽ͸ղǶζԻ
Ԭҵˡ
ַ˼ʱԣһͺԶһӰ첽̤ңעĿǣһ˾̧һΣƺǽ֮á
˴ԬǴҪӻʫСȥԬˣԬң湻Եġ
ȺȻ֪Ԭ֮¡
ԵΣԬͩ츳ǿɽ۹һǰʮ֮λѡμѩȣȻСòˣԬͩҲ
Ⱥ˵֮ʱԶԬ֮ӰԽԽˣֻתۼ䣬ȥ˻С
ȥ֪ܲܿԬͩ
˳ŻķȥĿ͸ż˷֮ɫ
ַĿ˸£¶˼ɫվ̧˽ŲŻķ򷵻أȺС
Ԭ֮˻δұ޴䳡ϣ˶ͣȫۼһĿⲻƵĶеԬ֮ˡ
ԬҵȺУһӰ̤ĿһɨȺǴһ˿Цݡ
ԬԬңǰӭӻʫСǰԬҡ
꿪˵ȺһȻӻʫϵģԬˣԬͩƺδ
һȺֿһӰ˳ӰȻǷصĻԼʫϣл϶ԼܿŮ
Ԭң
ĮĺһȻϵãһԬңԬ֮ͩ⣬Ԭҵ츳ǿѾӵ侳ΪԽκһҵһЩԪﶼҪǿ

ԬҿŻһЦ⣺˴ֳԬͩǰӭӻʫǰԬңӴԬҺͻңһˡ
ԬͩԼżˣ̧һΣҪŮʫȥԬң
ĮԬң̫Ŀˡ
ǺǣĪŭֳϱҪμѩȣȻΪһҪ֮£ʱ䲢ԣʫС㣬˲ǰϣܹ⡣
ԬҲ˵
ѩȡ˶ͺһܹμѩȣĪҫԬңȻҫ
Ȼûʱ䣬Ǳȵʱ١
䣬á
ǿɲУܵȣҲʫСίǺ⣬ɲܡ
㲻ˡӦ
һֱѣԬҵҲ
ԬҴֳӻʫС㣬һֱѣĪǾֳԬͩ䲻ϻʫС㲻ɡ
ôᣬԬͩ츳ףŮʫ䲻˵
ֳԬͩǣȻҲôΪΪλҪٳѣѵʫС˱ֳҪõѡɣ
Ԭҵͱˣ·Ԭͩ߸ϣϻʫϣʫϾͱҪӡ
ԬүﻰҼʫֻǻҪһЩʱѣ⡣ʱ϶ܵռе⣬˵
˵ûеȷѾˡ
ʱ򣬻ʫϿ˵һȺĿⶼһͣʫ˵˱ˣѵܱԬͩ㲻ɡ


0544 ɱ
ԬҵĿҲӲǣɭĺâ˸ŻʫƬ̣漴Ŀɨʫߵӣ˵ҵҪһʫСϲǺˣҺԬֳͩ𡣡
ûˣ˵Уô˾͸ʫɫѿȵ
ȻʲôܸԬͩȣҲҳ˵һ仰ԬֳͩڣԬұѿʫСԼ۾ǲǻˡԬҵԵʫбһŭ𣬾ΪԬͩҪˣϲˣҪ
˭ԬҵĿٶɨӣȵ
Щ֮ɫһǳѿԬңðԵǻҡ
ҲˣԬˣǻҡ
ų𣿡֮ûзӦԬһΪվã֮ˣһһɱֱվΪֹ
ȺĿȫһɱ
Ԭң˵Ҫһɱֱվ
̫ˡ̫̰Եˡ
ҵȺȫߣŭɶЩ궼ĶԬң۾޲ýԬҸ˺ɱԽͷ֮ޡ
Ҫɱһ֮ˣ
ĿĶԬҡ
ԬңѾԽ˵ߡ
ǵġԬҲŻ˿壬Į˵ԬֳͩŮˣϲˣҵҪ˭ԬֳͩȣԼұһɱˣֱʫСԼ˵Ϊֹ
ȻҲֹңҪˣΪԬֳͩ£ֹңԸ
Ԭҵ͸ǿҵв֮⣬֣ԬͩͿܻԬҽ˵أҪûҺÿ
ãʫϵĻΪԬ˸ɣɡ
ʫϵɫǳÿղŵĻȻҲг嶯ŭĳɷУû뵽Ϊһ仰ΪԬҵɱ˵ɣڣҪ˵е˭˵˭ԬҾҪɱ˭ˣôܻ˵
ڿʼʣʫС㣬˵ˣ˭
ԬҽŲߵȺǰĿڻȺɨӣĮޱȡ
ʫһĬҵˣҲһĬռѹޱȣԬҵϣһ޵Ϣϵɢ
˵Ǳ߲ҪҲˡ
Ԭһ£Ӱ˸ޱȡ

һҽ֮Ⱥ㿴ԬҵƮƮһϣֻ˲䣬˱㱻ɳȥ壬ֱ
һĻȺһɱԬҲڿЦɱ֣顣
ʫſ죬͸һĨ֮⡣
Ԭң㡭ʫɫɷףſ죬ȴ˵κλ
ôԬЦʫСǲ˵ϲ֮˭ұɱȥֱҵȫ
ʫϵɫԽԽ԰˵ͼɱֱɱֶΣ̫ݣݽ档
֮͸ż֮˵ĿⶼΨ赲Ԭˡ
ǣֹԬ˵ֻǸԬһڣԬֵͩĽڣʱˣࡣ
ԬңҪɱ꣬Ҷϸϵϣ
ʫС㲻˵ĻǾͱǸˡ
Ԭٶȳ֣δϢѵֱһƣһؿڣ˲䣬һˣ

ֵ˶ЩݣԬңȷʵ̫ԵЩ˵ɱɱҪ֮˵
һ˵£ʫϵĺʹؿڶĵûţǳܡ
ʫС㣬ڣǲǿ˵ˣ
Ԭʣʫ촽䶯˵˵˭
ңҡ
һֻһӰ󲽿עԬңʫС˵ˣҡ
ʫͷһŴˣǸղַҵʱǰַ˭ꡣ
㣿
ԬҵĿһۣ漴ЦʫС㣬˵㲻ôû۹ɡ
ʫ촽䶯ȴôϻ˵ұңҪ־Ͷ֡
ȻҪĻұȫǣɱ㣬ʫС㵽˭
ԬҲ̵һЦֹͣɱվϣŹΣ
˵֮˺ȥƮƮһơ
ûܣȻվ׼ġ
ƷϮ۾Ѿϣһֱ֮Ӵϡ
ȥ
ʱһ֮ԬҵĿ΢Ʈһ˦һųֱ֮Ӻײһ
΢£ԬҵӰ˻ԭأ֮УһɻϢӡ
̵ǰȥվһῡݵӰĿ⵭ȻĮĿ
۾ǰվһӰɵ㶣û˾
ʫϿֵ꣬ĿҲһ΢һ˿ϲ⣬ܿһɫ
ԭֵ꣬Ȼַ㡣
ţ
ͻܿŮҲַ㣬Ŀⲻɵ΢΢һͣʱַ㾹ȻˣڻܿŮַ㣬
ַղһֱԱ߿ţ޷ס֡
֮ˣ̫ųˣԸԼ֮˱ɱȻֻǷŭ۾еķŭ
ֵܶˣΪһ֮һ仰û˵
ʲôˣ
ԬĮĶַ㣬Ŀ͸һĨɱ
ҪҵˣʫϣǱԻԬңҪɱɱǣαҪΪһ֮ˡ϶˵ûʫĿһعͷĶ壬ĵ壬޳ܡ
ַҲͷŻ϶ĵһǵһμ𱨡ܹ˵˵Ĺûʵ޳֮֮˱ɱվƨҷһڣҾ֮ˣ뵽ȴô㻹ܸ޳һЩ𣿡


0545 ַ
ַĻԻ϶Ǵ̶ģڻ֮˶ȴǲַͬ㣬ղھǻҵˡ
Լ˱ɱ޶ԵĻҶүַ֮˵ʱ뵽ľȻ侮ʯַ˳ȥ˵ַԬҪҵˣⲻҪַ
ֶ壬Ҹе衣
ʫĿ壬˵һ
֮ܵ˶ƵĿԼ϶Ŀһɫÿ
û˵ʲô˲ǰʫֶŮһҹ֪ʲô֮ʫϱ㴩ȻҲ֪ǲǸҽ˵Ҳǲ̿Ż֮ԩ
϶ֲһ·Ϊ˻롣
áܺá
ԬҵĿ⺮䣬ַ㣬ɱԽԽŨˡ
㵨ӵԬֳͩŮˣ㶼Ҵ⣬һ侳һصˣҲǻˡ
Ԭʹַ֮Ϊַ㾹ֻ侳һصʵʱЦַ㣬ǻˣҪ
Ԭͩ˭ҵûһһԬֳͩ⹷ģ湻ġ
ַ㵭ķ̳Ԭҵһַ㣬ǹ
ңַ㾹˵Ԭͩ˭û˵
ַ㣬ʱһҺԬ֮£ûйϵߡ
ʫϵĿһֱַ˰ԵɵеĲѣַҪŭԬңѰ·
ߣȥԬЦҵҪʫС㿴ϵΣֳܹԬͩǵ
Ԭϣͷţַѹȹȥ
ҿжôķɣʫС㿴۹ĶôףҵǰǶôı΢˵Ԭֳͩǰ
Ԭ˵գͷţУϣһŰɫĺ䡣
ԬңŪˣҺǽղʶôϲʫ˸£ȻַǰȺȷʫ˵ϲ֮ˣַˣںַǰ
ϧˣʫϿ޷ȵַˣֻܹϲʵǿ󣬱˵ˣԬŵǰַǱԼˡ
ŪˣԬЦɴɱҲŹ
ʫϵĿ⽩漴ҧҧ㲻ҪΪˣҸߣھȥԬҡ
ʫСˣɱ˴˵ԬɭʫԽںַ㣬ԽҪɱ
ʫϵǣûˣĿ⺮䡣
ʱһֻƴļͷ΢Ĳ¡
Ϊ֤۹⻹ǲģɡ
ַЦƵ˵һûʫͷ΢
ѵַ㣬ĻܶԸԬҲɡ
ȷַ㽫ڵĺȳʵпܶԸԬҲ˵
ɡ
ַٶ˵˾䣬ʫϵƿֱֱۣʫĺ档
ʫ˳ַĶվַ󣬿ַĽŲǰ̤
ʵڻҺԬҶֻһˣңʫ⣬ˣҶ죬м֮ˡַԬңĿڵԬҺͻ֮£޹أǣ㾹ȻҪҾұ֣ڱԿʫϵ۹⣬Σ
ַһǰ̹Ȼš
Ԭңʵ벻ףһ侳һصʱôܹôȻ˿η塣
ҵȻúÿҲûҵˣڳ˶ʫСѡˣǶôĴ
Ԭƣתİɫзڣ䣬˻˻ϸ΢죬ԬΧռƺֵۣε¶ŵϵ䡣
侳صʵȻֲ
ȺŽŲ߶ַ㣬еϧַ㣬侳һصʵֵܵסžɡ
ȥɡ
Ԭһַ㼤¶ַӡȥһƣ㹻ɱַˡ
áַһŲһ̤̮ѣϣͻأһɿԵĳ֮֮ȡ
䣡
ͣ͡
͵ײһ飬ԬҵʱһƣһɼԵĳȻ֮˳ֱϮϣֱ۵ľ

һʹĽԬҵдֻαˣһֱ۶ӡͨȫ
ôܡôܣԬҵг˲ŵɫַһƣǼµľȫơ
Ԭҵľҵľ壬ôַܻƣңַһƷӳʱ򣬺һ侳ء
շ쾭̫ܿƲ˾
ȺҲȫסˣôܣַ㣬һƽԬһ˳ȥеȻ෴
ңʱַ㣬ƺ׼ݡ
ַֻĽŲһ磬ϣͻأһɻ֣֣֮ʱַ㣬·ԡ̫С
գյַ̫֮ϣһĳȹâԽԽ貣ַѹȶ£ֱһƳԬҺ
Ԭ̧ͷŴѹȶµַ㣬ֻʱַޱȵҫ۶Ŀ޿ƥУʺ͸ղȣ˵ɱ䡣
ҡִټֱ̧һѾ˵ȥӲ
¡
˫ײֲĳ˳Ԭҵֱ£֮ԬҵתѹȣԬҵ˫ֱ뵽档
ô֤ʫϵ۹𣿡
ַ䵭˵·ɺԬҵһ΢΢ٶѹȣԬҵ岻°ݽȥɫҰס
ȻҪɱң͸۰ɡһɿַ̫ȼա
ҡ·ǸܵµԬɫ䣬ŭȳ
ַȴֻǹűЦʲôҡ
µĻ֮к£ֻ˲䣬ԬҵĻ㱻֣


0546 
Ԭңַһ֮£Ϊˣڻ浱ȼա
Ⱥ𾪵ĿǰֵһĻĶ΢΢սţԬңţ
Ϊֵֻ꣬侳һصʵȴԾԵѹԬң֮Եԡ𣬰Եס
ԬҵסˣôңܹԬңңҶɱԬҡ
֮ȫͷ𾪣ղǱַȵɫ죬ѣûҡûʫܵ裬ȷԶԶ䲻ϻʫϣַ㣬ʸ
ʵֵԼܿͷһȻַΪʵ侳صϢսôֻ侳һأַһʲôطǿΪסˡ
ôôǿܿɫӲѿһֱַ㣬ַ֣˿̵ַ㣬ȫѹԬңַĶַ֣ʱųʵ׾ܹɱ
Ҷ֣Ͳ⵽Ԭͩı𣿡
ԬȳѾȼʹ࣬ȥԪ֮ᱻٻ٣Ĩɱ
˵Ԭͩû
ַ³һԵٶѹȶ£¡촫ѣԬ°Ѿ˵¡
ſԬҡ
ʱԬ֮˳˹һԪ֮ţȥĻԬĻᱻַɱ

ַſ죬һԪ֮³񱩵Ļ֮л裬ȫǳȵȼ֮⣬ɱһС

˲м˱֣˲Ԫֿ֮ˣֱȼʹޱȡ
֪ԬͩΪ侳صǿߣμѩȣסֻü
Ԭ״񣬿ȥĻһɿ־ڲϵӣû뵽ңַǿߣ˵İԵʵǿһҶɱɱԬ֮ˡ
Ǹ㣬ҲμѩȵġһԬҵĶУ̧ͷַֻһ˿ɱ֮Ц૵ԣμѩȣûʲôֵҫͽɡ
³޾ַ̫֮ϣ漴˳ַԬϣ˵һȼ֮Ԭ֧ŲסԪҲס̫֮

ҵĽԬҵзޱߵʹĥ
ݽ棬ұҲ
ַͺһ̧漴Ȼ£¡촫ԬѾΪһ֮ˣֱӳصףʧΨвҽӵص״
ڵ֮ϣһ˰СĿӶĿġ
Ƭ̣٣һƬžַվڵϣϵĻ֮תݣ̫Ĺâϵϣޱȵҫ۶Ŀ·̫֮ӣ̫ܵ谮
ÿ¡
ȺͷԸӣԬҸ֮ʱǺεȵſԵ˵ɱ˭ɱ˭ַ֣Ծ԰ԵĨɱ޿赲
վڵϵ꣬Ƕоһ̫𾪡̫λá

ƺãŲ֮Щһַ㣬ͣתַɱԬңһŭԬңºܿԬͩͻɱ
ʱң˭ܹסԵǿԬͩ
ɱԬ֮ˣɱԬңԬͩŹģ֮ءһӰֱ۱ַղһڻ֮յ˿ĿݺݵĶַ㣬ַ㣬һҪйԬ֮ͷ֮ޣҪǧС
Ҳɣ٣㿴ˡ
ַһһʱһ̫֮˳ֱӽ˵ֲʳս˶ûڻ浱С
ɱַ㣬ɱԬ֮ˣղԬɱ֮һ
֮һ˫ȭգЩ꣬оѪڣҪģϧַ㲻֮ˣַ֮˸öãɱԬȺ
ȴҲĿⲻƵĶַ㣬Ǳǻ϶Լܿˡ
ˡʱ򣬻϶޷סǳһ
ַ㻺ת϶Įĵڸ˵
Ǹ˵Ǻ˭ɱԬ֮ˣԬͩ𣿡
϶ŭַ㣬ַԵԬͩɱ˭ܵ
ɱԬҵˣʱֹҺ¡ַ˵һƶ֮ˣż˱ɱɱǵĶ֣㾹Һǳ⣬Ц
֮ҲһĿ⽩ǵĶүַǳ⣬ղַ㣬ΪֹԬɱ˲ųֵġ
㶮ʲôԬͩʵǿ˭ܵסҪһҵˣҪԼȥҪһҡ
ܿվַָǳ˵һø㡣
ַЦ䵭ЦӦúǻҵһŻ֮˱ɱǶԵġ
ַķ̻û֮ɫӲܿ˼ˣӦԬǻˣȻһɱ赲
Ҳ޹ء
ܿ˶Լɵɫѿ
Ǻ޹أɱˣʲôϵɱԬˣֻΪʫ϶ѣΪΪңΪ㣿㣬Ҳ䣿
ַ³һдżϷʡ
ܿɫȻˣھ͹ԬԼȥ
ΪˣȥԬ𣿡
ַоЩЦ
ܿת󲮣֮Ӧý£ȻԬңͬʱʫҲһȥֻûԬͩŭֻô
ܿ㡣
ʫܿɫѿ֮ˣҲһɫѿʲôַǻңȴҪȥԬҡ
Ϊ˻ңǱô
ܿƺܴȻĿҲ̫ÿ
磬ܿ˵ûڣƺֻôûˣԬֶͩңҪμѩȣ۹ӣǲ𡣡
϶Ҳ˵


0547 ʲô
϶ͻܿ˼ԬͩǲҪַȥȥԬͩŭ
סʫϿŻĿдϣϣ׺ͶԼܿһ̫޳ˡ
ʫϣ˵ˡʱַͻȻˣǴһĨĮЦȥԬң
Ц̫Ц
תŻܿԼ϶ַ۽¶һ֮ɫȥԬҵ˭ã
˵գַĽŲһ磬һ˿޵ͷŶ̹ǡ
ܿ΢΢һַ㣬ĵʲô
ʲô
ַЦҪ㣬Ҳҵūɱˣ˵ҪȥԬңҪȥ˵ӦΣ
ܿĽŲ΢ˣĶַ㡣
ΪɱģֻԬˣʵ̫񡣡
ģ
ַĻ£һַƣֱӳ˻ܿϣûܿŲˣˤڵϣϳһָӡ
ַûŮˣЩŮˣ̫Ƿ򣬿žеġ
ҴңܿԼŭ
ġشһĶ⣬ֱӳ鵹˵ϡ
ѪܿŻ˵̧ͷͿַվǰĿÿһۡ
ٸ˵һ仰һɱ㣬ʵ
һ޵ɱַͷŶڻܿͷûܿ΢΢һҪ˵ĻҲֱ˻ȥ
ַ㣬ǻˣɱģɲԬˣ֮˵һҪɱ
ȺһŵڵϵĻܿԼվǵַ㣬һʧ
Щ֮˶ûгַ㣬ܿŮˣô̬ݶˡ
ַǻˣҪַȥҪʫȥԬңΪ˻ң˶óֻΪԼСַƣʹ졣
ʱ϶Ӱַǰɫ͸һɿ񱩵ĳ֮⣬ɿ񱩵ĳȵ͸űɱ⡣
϶ַ㣬˵

ַɫ䣬ŲûκεķϻˣѾٷϻ
䣡
µĳȻַ˳һǿɱ֮⽫϶ȫסû϶һַ㣬ڶ֣κεԥֱӾͳֶԸ
ת϶ȣһȻӳʱڻ϶ƵУ·һ̫ɱ
շ쾭ԡ
ַ̫ǿۣαĴշ쾭е̫ӳӳܡ
¡
˵һ֣ԵĻŰַ岽϶ȴ
Ĳֲ࣬Ҫҳȫ㣬ʬ彻ԬͩҲһ
϶Į˵˫һʱ̫ǰ֣˫Ȼһƣʱ̫ȫַɱȥ
գ𣡡
ַɫ䣬е̫ϣޱǿҵֲ̫Ļ֮⡣
ȥ
һǿĻ泤裬̫ײһյȫǻ棬ŰǿĻ棬Ƭռ¶ȶڲͣڡ
ա
϶ŭȳ߿̫ųӶĿĹ⻪ûһеĻ
ס
϶ɫһٶһȣһŸҫ۵̫֣ûǿ̫Ŀ
ʵΣڸýˣ׼ȥɡ
϶³һϵϢڲͣʵǣޱȡ
ϧˣţңȴҪڻ˵ϣʵ̫ϧ
ҵĶү湻ɺ޵ġ
̾ϢŻ϶ַѾ赲סˣԽԽǿհױǿ˹˾ǿֲ
϶Ҫַ׼ֱʹþ
ַ㡣ʫͷһ˾֮ǿԷµսʵͱַǿʹþַ֮ɡ
ʫϾȻ嵽ַǰȥȺĿһ
ʫϣȥ
ַ΢΢ʫԶͬʱϵɱ֮棬ܵȼա
Ǹ㣬ղţֻѡ
ʫϲˤ׼ٳȥַĻɵһ漴㿴ַյ
ַϣһԪ֮۶ɣ֮֮
̫Ԫ֮ϣ·̫涼ĳлۣȺͷ
棿ַղţֻǺͻ϶棬еƣܹǿ
ô
ַһĨЦ֮⣬շ쾭̫һͬѹһͨ
ͬʱǻ湦շ쾭ȡ
ߣ
϶ɫһһһſµĻ֮ͻأ죬ھ֣ʹȺ۾
ھֱӽҲû·ؼ䣬ֻҫ۵̫
ַɫĮǵھеԪ֮ԽԽĿ̫ۣ֮ϣȻҲһ̫̫֮
µ־֮ӽͷţ·ҪɱһУնһС
ɱ
϶ŭһЯǾ޴ַȥҪһж
ַɫĮڻ϶֮ʱֲŶ֮նɱ
̫֮֮·̫Ĺ⻪£ǵھײһС
͡͡
µһ־̫֮־־ǵھſ̫м䱻¶϶ſֻŵס
ɱΨ̫֮⡣
һҽдѪ裬Ⱥ̵̫ñϵ۾Ϳ϶嵹ɶֱۣȫնϣַûҪն˫ۡ
Ųһ磬ַ϶ǰֱһ̤ؿڣַ۾ûпȻǲм
ү֮ҵΪҿ㣬оܵĪ裬Ϊ㽫ԼǰΪԼ߸ϣڵ㣬ǰʲô
ַ˵һÿռһ


0548 Ԭͩ
ԭˣԭҶүַΪַ㷴оܵ裬źַԹ
үΪ߸ϣζû뵽бӣһΪе꣬˿ȴýŽ̤档
ʱһĻݺݵȺġ
ǻ֮ˣַ㣬侳ΪսʤԬңĨɱԬңͬսʤҶү̤ڽ¡
ܿĿһĻַ˦ˣڣĸףַڽ£׵˫ַۣնϣӴ˳Ϊһ
Ҳַ㣬죬֪˵ʲôÿµַ꣬䣬ҪԬͩҪ᲻ٰɣֵ侳ΪʹþȻǰַУֱ۶ַնˡ
ôַ츳ܹԬͩᲢˣ
ٸʱͺˡ
̾Ϣַ㣬ȫϻʫˣ۹⣬ûŮʫϵ۹ãַ㣬š츳ס
ʫϵַͬ㣬죬𾪡оϲȻַ֪ʵû뵽ַʵô𺳣Ķ嶼ˣһնֱۣһ飬Ǹղַ㲻Ļ¾Ͳֱ۱նôˣûˡ
үڵϣʹ˻ţַĻо֪ʲôζ
ʵԭѾ̶ֲֳȣʹþ֮ھɵסһ
ҪȥԬң˭𣿡
ַʵң˭õ
ɱҰɡ
϶ʹ˵˫۱նϣ൱ڳΪ˷ˣҲֻбķݣ类ַɱˡ
ɱ㣿ȻԣɱԬҵˣҲɱҵˣʫ⣬ǼˣԬҸ񣬵ڣһ
ַһ˳ȥ϶ʹĺһ屻ַ߷˳ȥ
һ˿϶ƣһ̾Ϣ֮ɫ
ǻңҪߵͷ
ԬͩӦģºܿԬͩͻɱˡ
磬Ϊұ𡣡
үŻ˻ȴޱ飬̾㻹ִԲһҶѾˣԬͩͲŹǵģҪõʫ֮⣬ҪǻҵȻ󣬻ǻܷŹǻҡ
˵͸żֲԬҶǻҵ֣Ѿ֪Ԭһڣҡ
ڵΣǸԬͩڣǻҵĽڡ
ʫϡ
ĽŲһʫϵߣȡһƤžʫϣʫϣպ
ʫϻһĿŻ
Ŀм࣬ʫŽƤž
ʫϣԼҲ֪㲻ٸˣڣַ߰ɣ뿪ǣԶ߸߷ɡ
˵ûʫϵĿһǽиַ㣬ַߣԼͻ֮׼һԬͩ
ַ㡣
һַĿתƽ
ַ㣬Ů˻ʫϣԸºҲòӣҲû㣬Ҳóʫ϶⣬ڣʹ뿪ɣ뿪ǣɽ۹ԽԽãҾͽŮˡ
ڽʫиַ㡣
ַû뵽ôһʱ֪δ𸴲źá
ַ㣬㻹ʲôĪǾŮʫ䲻㡣ַĬü
Ȼǡַҡҡͷ˵ȴֵͶˣڿߣٲߵĻˣԬͩʵɲԬܱȵģԬǿ̫ˡ
ַĽŲûƶֺʫ϶˸
ߣߣ
ʱյУһƮûһһ⡣
ˡ
ɫ΢Щ԰ףˣԬͩ
ԬͩվǸˣַͻʫϣ߶Ӳˡ
֮Ҳһգѵǻҵ֮
Щ֮ˣĿ˸ͣԬͩټԬͩģ
û˳֣ǸղǵôȺΪǻþ
ɫѿվ̾˿Ȼ㲻㲻ٶˡ
Ȼˣͳɡ˵һ·Ƕſ˵
ղɰá
ǵƮٶȴ漴Ⱥ㿴һ̤ⲽ趯ò
Ԭͩ
ȺӰӰ꣬ȴӵΪյУǺε֮¡
Ԭͩɽ۹꣬ʳǶǼʢ˶֪ȡòμѩȵǰ;һƬøӵǿгһտ֮硣
ַʱҲڴⲽӰ㲻ÿݣǷ͸һʷǷһ·ܹоǿ
ڣôᰲá
еԬͩ˵һ
ԬͩЦЦɫƽ˵Цˡ
Ŀ⻺ת漴ԬַֿͩͻʫϣʫϾ޵װ磬һ˿Ц⡣
ʫʵԽԽˣҵŮˣá
˭ҪŮˡʫ̧ͷŭĵԬͩһۣΪˣŵǻҼȮһֱڻ̻̲жա
ҵŮˣɲԼѡ񡣡ԬͩһЦû뵽ϵĺȻʧˣĹͰɣȻʫԶ߸߷ɣ濴㡣
ԬͩĿַͣϣ˵ԬңҲɱİɣ
ַҲ̧ͷԬͩԷƽĿ͸ŵĸ֮߰⣬ַǳˬ·Լ߸ϣһ


0549 ֤ĸ߰
ɱġַ㵭ĻӦһޱ顣
ȻɱԬңֶҵŮˣ˵Ҹô
Ԭ̤ͩգĿ⸩ַ㣬ȫӵ⣬ַ㣬ȻҪɱ
㲻ɱʫҲ̧ͷԬͩ˵
㾹Ȼ뻤ЦҵҪʲôˣȻ㶯ġԬͩ۽ǵЦ䣬Ůˣȴַ㣬еܵĪ衣
һ޵ĺɱͷţ¿ȥַ˵ϡ
Ųǰһַͻʫϵǰڵַ㣬ʫߣԽԽãȵס
ַ㿴ĶĿһԻĿı࣬ǵܵܲͬΪ˻ңΪŮʫϿǣǻ϶ȴΪԼС
㲻ҵĶ֣Ҳǣ죬˭Ҫߡ
ԬͩȻ˵Į߰ˣӲȫҪ
ӣ
ַһΪ˾ͶΪӦӣ
֮̽ԬͩΪҲֻ侳֮־磬˭˵һս
侳صˣַûɱ
ΪʲôҪӡַƺʣƺʻվŵԬͩ
Ԭַͩ㣬üͷһ¶һ˿죬ַ㣬Ȼ˵ΪʲôҪӣ
ַҲ̧ͷԬͩǹһĨ֮⣬漴³һ
Ϊվøһ㣬ʹʵǿô񡣡
ַŲһ̤棬ʱնֱӳյУԬͩĶ档
ȺĿȫһѵַ㣬ҪԬͩһս
ƺΪӡ֤Ⱥ뷨ַϣһɿµս֮ͷšȼַϵ͵Ʈ
սַ㣬ȻҪԬͩս
Ԭͩüͷַ㣬ǣһ˿ĮЦ⣬ַ㣬Ҫһս
ǰûм㣬֪ǺˣԬͩ߰Ŀַ㣬֮ȴվĶ棬Ҫս˿֮顣
Ҫҫһ֤ǿʾϺ͸߰𣿡
ַ䵭һ
Ҫҫʲôֻ㣬Ԭͩ䲻ǿҳҲƾԼ츳ŬΪѩеһԱ˵վøߣ㣬ʲôʸվһ𣿡
Ԭͩôĸ߰ɽ۹ź֮࣬Ԭܹͩӱȡһϯ֮أΪѩеһԱǺεȵҫԬͩʸҫҲʸ߰
㣬ȺĿоͿԿǿԬͩУ͸¶Ψг羴
ѩȣǶԣǺңԶǺεȵҫ֮¡
ȺĿַֿ㣬Ϊַܴп𾪣η壬ȻַĿôƽƽûаĲ·Ԭͩ˵ģе˿
ܽ
ַ㵭³֣ȺĿһУƺϷʡ
μѩȶѣ͵ҫʱǿЦɱˣҲֻߵһˡ
ַ䵭˵һԬͩȴһʲôʸ˵ҡ
ҿԸ㣬ַ㣬ѩ¹֮ˣ˴ǰɽ۹ɽμѩȵİɡ
ַе³һȺĺݺݵһ
˵Դֻ˵һ죬ȫȡ
ַ㣬ѩ¹֮ˣɽ۹ɽμѩȡ
Ҳ׼μѩȵš
Ŀ⽩Ŀе꣬в֪Ǻζѹ֡ѹ츳˿ֲˣԭҲμѩȵġ
ԵĻʫĿǸӣʶַ㣬һ㲻˽ַĹȥֻһΣȴĶˡ
ǣַĻҪ
ַ㣬ѩ¹ţμѩȵģַԬͩҪࡣ
ڵԼǵĻܿŮĿǳ׵ĴˣǸоԼܿЦСһƲַ㣬ַ㣬ʵַ˵ַǰʲôʲô㡣
ΪʫϣҲַ㿴ῴһۣǾΪַ֮һۣʹѡַ㣬һȶַʹõġ
ܺá
Ԭͩ³һַ㣬Ŀ⽥ı÷
ַ㣬Ҳμѩȵô
ãսһ
ѩ¹˼ȻҲɽ۹ôԬͩԣѩ¹⸽μѩȵˣʲôʵʲôʸɽ۹档
Ԭͩ͸һǿս⣬Ϊɽ۹ţԸѩ¹ǰμѩȵˣмӵġ
ţôܺ͵۹Ტַۣ㣬ַ㿪ˡ
ῴġ
ַͬսԡ
ϣ㲻ҪʧҪһÿһѩȣνţȥѩ¹ûеõǰʮ֮
Ԭͩ͸ŷ֮⣬ѩȣЦ̨֮ˣĴ۹ˣЩʤù۹š
ϾܳΪ۹ܳߣһܵصֶ࣬ĶͨЩȻ硣
ѩ¹ûеõǰʮ֮
ַ˻ͷ΢һѩȣһǳˣַ㣬Ҫȥȡǰ֮ضǿѩ¹̫Ӷ޵˵ѩʮŻԶ޵֮ȡǰʮӦòɡ
һεѩȣӿ
˵Щɻ߱Ҫһȣڣʵȥ֤ĸ߰ɣϣֻԵԽ΢Ц
ַһԬͩһ漴Ц
˵ĶԣΨʵ֤ҵĲ࣬ѩ¹ţҪ̫һˡ
Ԭͩ˵һϣһɿԵϢţһһȣһһ


0550 ƴɱ
Ԭͩϣһͼڲͣת
˫ԬͩУꣻֵУ֮Ű
ַҪСģԬ֮ͩԵ¡ڵ˵ַ΢΢˵ͷҪѣַҲͬʱ϶ͨĵӡ
֪Σҿεֵ
ԬͩȻ˵Į
һҪֵ𣿡ַ³һԪ֮ϯһɿµĳ֮ڣ̫֮ϣ貶Ŀַ֣̫֮˵ҫ۶Ŀâ䡣
ңɿµ̫֮⣬ַϣ͸һɿµɱԽԽǿңзϯ
һſµĺڰԪַ֮ϻۣһ۶ɱ֮Ψɱ
Ԭͩ˫֣ΪΪڡ
ַ˫֣ΪֻǣֵУɱ֮У͸ſµɱ־ַ֣ǻ̫֮֮ɱһС
ԶȱţҪ̫ΪǣӵֶΣûС
ַ˫ֳֽɷͫױĮڰ֮ͫǡ
£ַĽŲ˵˭˵ַ㣬ֻ赲ַ㣬Ϊβ
ҫ۵̫֮ԬͩȥֱַһնɱռХ·Ҫȼ
ܵµĽ⣬Ԭͩɫһ漴ȻĴһɳȵ֮һ޴ĻͼַĽ
¡
ײвַһͼŲǰη壬ɱ֮ȫԬͩϡ
ɱ
ַŭһɱ֮ԬͩڣȻӰ顢־ɱ·Ѿһ־

Ԭͩ˫ǰ·һ̫ͼַͣĽȥ
ն
ַŭһûκεȡɣΨһնһС
͡͡
˺ѵͼַɱ֮˺ѵʱַĽ޿赲

ԬֲͩԪ˳ַĽϺȥԼˣ˲˵⣬Ķַ㡣
ڰοԼԼӱܲŶԡ
ַ˫ֳֽվԭһĮĶԬͩӰ
ԬͩɫӲǳѿ
ڳȺȫĿյУĵԸӡ
ַǵ𺳣̫ǿˣ˫ֳֽԡ̫£ɱ֮ɷֱӶԬͩͽйңԬͩˡ
ںԬͩĽ浱Уַ㾹ȻռϷ磬꣬ҪǶǿҵ𺳡
ѩ¹ţĲɽ۹ţվҪλŶλš
ڣûиоղԼĻڴԼ
ַ㵭³һԬͩĿһղַ˵ˣʵȥ֤߰ЩĻȥ֤ʲô֤ˡ
ڣַʵȥ֤Լĸ߰ղ˵ôԬͩȴʲôûַ֤ѹƣ·ڱַһղ˵ĻԵô̶
һԬͩûٳѿ֮ˣַʵǿǾУǲóԼʵ֤Լ½Ҫȫˡ
΢Ԭ֣ͩ꣬ȻȻۣ֮һһΪĴĿ˸оܲ
ʹ꣬Ȼûʧ
˵һһûڱĵȴַ㹥ֱӳַԽȥ
ȻַӶһɿµջԶԶı㳯ַ˹ȥ֮ռ䷢˻˻죬˿˿Ļǣ·Ҫȼ
ۣӳµ֮ϣһɵĹӰΡ
ַûκԥնһһȴ·ն˿ռ䵱Уǹ֮˹ȥնϡ
ַĿ΢һ̤գƮ
ַ嶯ԬͩҲͬˣ֮۷·ܽ˵ԬͩƮĹ켣ַȫһͬһߡ
Ⱥʱע⵽ˣԬۣ֮ͩȻתɢһĹ
𡣡
Ԭͩ³һǻӶ֮е֮˲һɷԬͩƶһӰεɷַ˹ȥĿ죬ԬͩҲַġ
ַһһĨЦȺ𾪵Ŀע£Ȼûܺˡ
ϵĹâתݣħ֮
ַĽŲǰһ磬ӭǹɿµɷǰȥ
ͣ͡
ɷַϣַоһĿںڹ˸ƺ赲ɷ֡
ħǿ󣬵֮۵ӳ֮£ɷɲϵַ嵱Уַ˶ݺݵĲ£䣬衣
ַĿȴޱȵļͣ쵽˼顣
е̫֮ȻһӣԬ֮ͩۻӶȥ
͡͡
ֱ̫֮Ӵ֮۵УԬͩݺݵĲ¡
ʹ˺ѶԬͩһĲҽУȺȫһ
ݡַ̫ˣ˭û뵽ֲҪķʽȥսȥӲɷڣĽֱӻӳȥԬͩꡣ
ַ㣬ֱǸӡ
ȥ
Ԭͩ˫֮ȫַɱȥַɳеĺ⣬еɱ֮նɱն֮ϣͬʱԼЯſԵĻԼֲķħ֮ǰԬֻ֮ͩң
ɱ
һַ֮³ǧħ֮ȫȭлۣԬͩԴɱȥ
Ԭִͩټ˫ȫջصϣˡ
䡢ꡭ
ǧħֱӺԬͩĹһȭûкԬͩԴȴؿڣһȭԬͩźðݣҲ˳ȥ


0551 Եټ
໡
Ԭͩʹĺֻ֮оǰĹ˲֪١
ȻʱַҲܣзħ֮ס壬ǿɷ뵽嵱Уо䣬Ͼһƺ˪
٣
ַŭһµ̫֮Ȼ£ϣů壬
֮ԸӲԷһҲҪɱԬͩΪʫϵĺ£շ쾭ܽɾ
ԬͩⲻͬȻղһûнɱҲԬͩܵشˣԬͩĶˡ
һ磬ַɱ֮Ԭͩȥֲɱ֮ԶԬͩġ

Ԭͩ˻һ¶֮ɫ·ǳʹ࣬˫ȭһɽɱȥ徹һ⳯ԶӶ뿪
ˣգݶޱȸ߰ȴѩַϣǱӡ
ңŮ˵ʱ򣬵˵汻ַˡ
ַͬΪμѩȵˣûеѩȵ̨ϣѾѩ¹ַܣԺʲôվѩȵս̨㵽ˣսַ
ѩȣѾٽҫһֳ裬ĵĳ衣
ַ㿴Ԭͩ뿪ûȥ׷Ԭֲͩٶȣ׷Ҳһ׷Ԭͩ
ȺŰյַ㣬ԼӶʧȥӰԬͩĿ⾹ԵЩ͡
𺳣ַǵ𺳣޷ˡ
տʼԬַ㣬ַɱȻҵַ㣬ַһŭնϻ϶˫֡
Ԭͩն߰ޱȣԸĿ·ַ㡣
ַ㣬̤棬ն𣬳ֽһսһսأǵġ
ʤַ㣬ʤԬͩμѩȵɽ۹ţɽ۹жܽǰʮš
ⷢеһУܲ𾪣ͷ޷һսؽΪ䡣

֮һ³ַв֪ǺζǰǻҵĶүԼܿŮȻҪַȥ˭뵽ַ㣬һսۣʱĻ϶ԼܿЩɵˣڵϣĿַ㡣
ЦǷԼʵ̫ЦôһţȴǱӡ裬ҪַַУǸʲôǣ˵ǿǵΪַŭԬͩһҪɱΡ
Ҳͬ𾪵Ŀַ㣬һʼΪַֻ侳һصΪȻΪַ䲻ϻʫϵģַ뿪Ҳȥַ˻ʫڵĺ⡣
ַɱԬңȻȣҲδ̫ĲɱԬңı䲻ʲôֱַܻ϶ַ츳ַʱ䣬ַܳԽԬͩģˣַͻʫԶ߸߷ɡ
Ȼڣն꣬ȴоԼܱ΢СʤԬַͩ㣬ȴսʤˣԬͩǱݣǺεȵǿ츳
ַ㣬ԬͩҪᣬǴѩ¹μѩȣǰ;޿ʱﻹΪַ䲻ŮʫϣЩַͶŮʫ⡣
ԵĻʫһֻۣʫϵҲ˸ͣǵϵӰʱϣųһĨõЦݡ
ûˣһжûˣַԬͩҵ˲£ַҲû£ҲҪΪԬͩŮˣζû뵽Ľ֣֣˵·һ
ַվû۾շ쾭תе̫֮ⲻϵӳϡ
ַڣͣŵεĺ͸ַ㣬Դշ쾭еĺ⣬ú嵱Ӱ쵽
ַղΪ˺ɱԬͩӲԬͩľ˿ӦҲЩˣ֪᲻¡
૵ˣߵĻʫȭͷҡͷģڵĺַǿĻ湦ģַ㲻ܻµġ
˵ͷϣ˰ɡ
ˣգַ㡣
ãַһһɱɷбȳ̫֮Լµջϯɺⶼյ
Ϊħ͵˲ֵ֮ټ⺮ԼڣַҪֻͨ꣬ƾշ쾭ǿԵͽ֮
۾ַĿĮɨһԬ֮ˣԬ֮ѾҵȺΧסҲû˰Ƣܺ͵֮ʱһֺ
ȥԬͩٸҶ֮ˣұɱԬң˭ɱ˭
ַŵϵԬ֮һǵͷһ
Ⱥַ㷢Ҳ׷ÿԬҵߡ
˻ĻᣬԬ֮˵ȻԸͣһǱ뿪ûжþʧӰ٣һ˶ʣˡ
仰ԬͩҲٶ֮ˣɥĲ񣬲Ԭ֮˵
Ԫ֮ɻڽ£ַƯڿУûн䣬Ŀ⳯·ȥͣڻʫϵϡ
ʫϣϵĺѾˣԬͩҲұ뿪ˣԺԵټ
ַԬʫһЦ漴Ųһ磬㳯Զ뿪ۼ
ʫϵЦݽӲĿҲˣʱȺȫס֣Ȼ˵Ԥϡ
뿪Եټ
ַ㣬ߣ
ʫϸоͷӿ޾ʧ䣬漴¶һ˿Ц֣ôĳϡ
ַ㣬ȵȡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôһʫͻȻԶմһʱѾûӰʫϵ΢΢ţһֱԶ
ʫϣʲô𣿡
һӰԶ漴ͿһӰƮȻȥַ㡣
ַʫϵ¶һĨõЦݣȡһƤͼһöֱ֮ӳеַ˹ȥ
ɡ
ʫЦź˫ַǰ
ַ㽫ʫӹĶУ漴ЦЦټ
˵գַٶƮȻȥĻʫϣַ㣿
ԼŮȴǲõЦɣЦݵУȴһỺĻ


0552 
ַ뿪ֱ֮ӻصݣԼס֮ء
뷿䵱Уַϥâ˸ǰƤͼԼ֮ǡ
Ҳ֪ʫϸʲô
ַ㽫ƤͼĴżֹ֮⣬Ƥͼƺܳ¾ɡ
򿪺Ƥͼһַּ֣ͫ΢΢һ
ұߴ£޴壬Ȼдţ񵤣
񵤣ƤͼȻ񵤵ĵı
ַû뵽ʫϽر񵤵Ƶ񵤣ܿƷҩңַɽ۹ϣܹõ񵤵ĵû뵽ַʽõʫ衣
뵽գַ̾Ϣһ񵤵ĵһö֮񣬼ȻƤͼı֮еĶҲ򵥡
ʶ뵽֮УʱϢӿ뵽ԺУַͫһ

֮мصģȻǻҵľ
μе֪޹գԽǿԽ
ַĴշ쾭̫޾ҲܷӳǿػʫΪԭ򣬲Ž񹦷
⣬֮ҩеһζҪݣߣ񵤣ûңԸǿΪֲ
ңԼķһഫ
񣬴˻УԬͩٻңΪʱ򣬽񵤵ĵ˻ʫϣȴûϵʫϣȴ֮ת־͸ַ㣬žķһ
Ĵշ쾭̫֣ȫȡ侫Ҫ޹ԵõǿĹֶΡ
ַĿзâ˸շ쾭Ͼ񹦵Ĺ֮Ȼǳǿɣ٣һȻ϶ʹóǿĶࡣ
뵽⣬ַϣʼվмصķȥһɳȵĻ֮ʱַڷĲš
ûķӵ湦շ쾭ַκεѡ
һǿַڹַȼ·һſ̫
ʱַ֮˫ӡޱȣʱǰ˵һ̫ʶĿ
ȥ
ַһȣһ̫ȥֱӴ͸Ŵ䵽ȥ
һ֮һɳ֮
ַȴ˿ûᣬ۾

ַʱɽ۹ѡвμѩȵԬͩܵϢҲĴݳ𺳵ǣǻԬͩˣͬǱѡвμѩȵˣ˲ɽ۹ˣֻɽ۹ѩ¹֮ˡ
ԬͩΪʵɽ۹ŵУǰʮ֮УȴһŵӻܣܲһƬ𺳡
ʱԬҸۡһӰ̤ԬҸۡһݶ漴
ɫ絶¶͸һǿϢľǣᣬᳬʮ
ݶ֮ôİû㶯
Ԭ֮˷˴ˣɵö˽۴˵ʲôˣȻܵԬҸۡݶһ·ﵱϢ֮һ
Ҫȥ뿪ʱԶһӰ̤ޱȣֻ˲书ҲٵݶϣֻǿǺ֮һۣҲĶ棬ƽûз
һĻЩҪ˵Ԭ֮ԥǣ͸һɲĸоˣֻֿԣ˵ΣգûȥᣬǰȥͨǸ֪ԬͩүΪ
ˣ֮һʱ䣬Ӱ˸Ԭݶ֮ϣһ˶˵Ĺ졣
ʱݶϣѾ֮ˡ
ʱԶĺХ˵Ŀһת˿ȥ漴ͫ΢
ֻ֮ˣ͸һ͸ע֣ɫ֡
ɽ۹ֻҪֻ֣˾Ͷһ֣ڰ֣
ˣֻּɱɽ۹ŵˣ˲֪˲
Ԭ֮ͩķܴˣȻˣ֪ڴǰˣ᲻˹
ʱһӰЦ£˵
ˣʳǾĪϧΪС³֣Ůˣǻ𣿻н巣ӦҲ
һ˻Ӧ˵˵ͷһЦȷѾΪľˣǰˣӦòٳˡ
Ӱ䣬ʱЩ˶һۣһ˿Цݡ
û뵽˴λȻһͬʱˡ
ղʻ֮ٶЦ£֪˿ЩԬ֮ϵһ꣬ɽ۹֪֮ܳķ졣
ԬͩȻһѩǰμѩȵ˻ˣôܲ
˳ЦҲ֪ǻԬͩˣǺηʥѩ¹˵Уڵڼλ
֪ҲһҲڶǰ
һ˻ӦܹԬͩˣѩ¶ܺǱҲ̫ˡ
ôҡ
ʱԶյУһӰ˸һϯ£̤Уò
˵ĿֶһǺڰִУŨŨս⡣
Ҳˡ
ȺгһȻû뵽ɽ۹ĵĽ巣Ҳˣ


0553 ַ
պХתۼݶ֮ϡ
λĺɡһЦ͸һɺĿɨȺЩˣȻȫɽ۹ţǰУַڻһԬͩϢ֮󣬽己Ѿ²⵽Щ˶Ȼᰲ֣ѩȲúҪٿڡ
ҪǣԬͩˣǴӸѩ¹ǰɽ۹׼μѩȵš
ֱ֮£Щɽ۹һȻ᲻ʼį
巣ãɽǰһǰѩµģȻ֪Щѩ¹ŵĵϸԬַͩ㣬ѩ¹Ⱥŵڼ
˶Ž巿ʵЩѩ¹ǰɽ۹ţȻȤҪ֪ʵΣȻǸ֪Щ˱Ρ
ѩ¹Ϊܳİλţ˴ӣַ㣬ڰ˴֮УǺ֮㣬ȴɱ˼λ˴е⣬һܳźųʹ˵һʹ⣬ʹ̤ѩ£ȫַ߻ɱһλӵ·糾ҲַУҪַѩ¹оŵڼλҲ֪
Ц˵Ⱥüͷ΢΢˵ַƺǳ˵ãԺ֮֮ѩ£ɽ۹ʳǣһսǶ֪֡
ַľΪʲô磿ڰִһȺͷһҲĵģַľΪ磬Σ
ֿ֮ʱΪ侳֮ԬͩսƺӦѾͻƵ侳ء
ĿϸȺ۾ȻĻ£ʱЩȫһâ˸
侳أôܣַ侳صΪ侳ؾԬͩ
ԬͩΪɽ۹ţͱͨ侳֮Ҫǿ֮ǳַôԽս
ⲻܰɣ˳˵мɡ
㣬Ԭ֪ͩˡЦ˵
巵ĻȻĿתԬңȵԬͩβһ𡣡
Ԭҵÿһ䣬ЩԬ֮һ·Ҳ֪Ⱥ˵Ĳǡ
ռƬ̣һӰⲽĿ䣬ˣԬͩ
ַܣ˾֪Ƿ꣬ЩܵԬЦɫܺÿ
ǿԬͩЦ𣿡
ԬͩһɨȺϢ΢иַһȭͷţɲᣬղſ˵бѡ
Ԭͩ㲻Ҫᣬֻѯһǻַ㣬ʲôΪ磿
ղ˵֮ٶȿڣ˵ԬͩҪᣬȴܶҧرأȻڼԬͩкܲмǰʮſһѩ¹˻ܣ˵
شʲôֱ˵ǣòԬͩĶˣʵַΪ侳أΪԼжôȥһ֤Ԭͩǿ󡣡
侳ôشǹһĨЦģشһԼؾ˶޷ܣкɽ۹ţμѩȡ
͡
Ԭͩ䵭˵һֱ
شԬ֣ͩ¶һ˿Ц
Ԭͩš
£شŲһֱӳԶ۶ȥ
Ҳȥʶһѩ¹λŰɡ
³һŲһ̤µݶ˲̮Х뿪ɨԬͩһۣҲһ׷뿪
¡¡
̮ķݴ죬Ԭͩ˫ȭգȺȥӰֻоޱȵıȻһ̤֮裬ҲܶЩеĲм
ŭΣ˭ַܡ
ַ㣬ѩȵ̨һ㣬òҪϡ
Ԭͩ˫ȭһգ촫

ѩ¹֮˾סݣһӰڿնռХŲֱ̤ߵһˡ
һˣȻЩɽ۹ſһɫƺ߲ơ
ѩ¹λɽ۹һ
Уһ˴һ˹֡
ֻƬ֮󣬱һӰ˸һݵĶˣվ֮صȺ
Щˣһ˫壬ȫǱɣ͸ŷ֮⣬һ֪ʵǷ
ʲôˣ
壬ɫޣĶȺٵӰĮʵ
˭ַ㣿
û壬شĿɨѩ¹һۣĿ͸żϢ
ַ㣿
ѩ¹ȺһĿ΢໥ӣЩַ£
ַһɽ۹ǲͣô˶ǰ
û˻ششĿ巣ȴһЦǶַ㡣
ǣ
شĿһͣĿٶɨݣȳַڷ񣿡
ַڷַڷ񡭡
ֲݵÿһ䣬һƬӦ
ռƬ̣Եøİ
ڴʱĳһطһӰŰɫնӰᣬڳȺҪСɾ͸żĮ֮⣬ĿɨǸߴӰ
գ彵һˡ
£
ַĿⶢش͸żĮϢղŻȴشϣȻв졣
شŭдǿҵ֮⣬ڸʲôᱻѣⱾǼΪòΪ
ַ㣿
شַ㣬ʵ
ǡ
ַͷӦ
ַ϶Ļششȴһַ֮̽ȥַüͷøַͬҲ֮̽ش˺ԬͩΪ൱侳أ


0554 ս
侳һ֮
شüͷһַ֮̽ΪȻַ㾹Ȼֻ侳һΪ硣
ȻΪֶΡ
ش˲²⵽ַ䷨ĻΪֻ侳һأַΪ侳һؾ磬ͨ쳹֮ܣҲսʤ侳ؾԬͩġ
ɽ۹Ҳ׷ʹ֮ǿ̽ĲַֻΪѩ¹֮Ϊ磬ҪЩνѩµʲôʵ
ܿ죬ǵ¶һ˿Ц⣬Щѩ¹ţ֮⣬û侳ؾˣǻϹвУΪһˣ侳۷塣
ѩ¹ϾǸǲɽ۹ȣŵΪ綼˲١
ңжûˣʵΪֲ
ַƺҲǵЦҲ֮һѩ֮˵Ϊֻа˴ڶԼΪ侳أˣ侳غ侳أȷʵɽ۹в࣬Щ侳ص˲μѩȣҫܾܿڻҡ
ɽ۹Ϊβӵ۹ѡȥμѩȣַҲ̫ףҲΪƽ⣬õ۹ĸҲиԵķչ
ϾЩΪ䲻۹ţһ˵ǵ츳ҲǺɽ۹Żһǻǿ߳ʶأμѩȣǿǵ۽硢ǵҲмǰ̫ҫ۵ͻȻ
ǰҲûзѩȵ̨ϣ˲Ϣ䣬սжͻƣطⶼ֮¡
ңڸУҲ޵ֲţ۴ĸ潲۹벻Ҳǵ۹չǿԴȻҪú÷á
˵Ԭͩ
شַ㣬һ
ַɨشһۣȵҪʲôֱ˵÷ϻôࡣ
ţȺַĻĿⲻɵһһŰɽ۹ˣ˵ȻôĿ
شֻĿ΢΢𣬶ַ㣬͸żƺâ
Ǻǡ
ʱһǳЦֻ̤ǰһȺ˵λſѵü棬ȴʶɣΪλһɡ
ҪˣֻҪ֪ѩ¹ǰμѩȵţ㹻ˣüסԻסüסĽҲס
ĮӴ³ɫô䵭żɷֻڰִ˿֮ڣ޷
ûʶģȻʶ
һ˸˵Щѩ¹Ŀⶼ𣬶վŵһȺˣһɶǷǳ°ǵ˼Ȼ츳ߡʵǿԻʶǵãͨͨǸͲ
ǺǣȻˣҾͲˣѩ¹λҲµ˭ˡĿ⿴һѩ¹Ⱥ˵ſȫǽҪμѩȵ֮ˣǿ˴
ߡ
ѩ¹Ⱥһ߳ǣǵΪŶ԰ɡ
һȴеʧϾǸǿҲֻ侳Ϊѡ
ǺĮ˵һдŨŨķ֮⣬ѩ¹Ⱥ
ΪƺҲǿ󲻵ȥɣʲôʸԡ
ͫĮ³һ
ţüͷһâ濴ȥ
ȴҲͬŶԷмҰ֮Ŷ
Ǻǡ
һЦĿٶɨѩ֮ڣڵλһǽμѩ֮ˣдһΣ
ˣ
ѩ¹֮ͷһɽ۹ˣȻҪ˻ᶯ֣һ
Щѩ¹ţ֮ʱɣ˿ǹɺ飬ȴҲϨ˲٣ţԶеҪҪǿһӰɢϢûһСģû֮Ҳܹоó
д裬שɣ֪ѩ˭Ӧս
ٶȿڣĿ⣬ȴϣż֮⡣
û˵ŲԽֱ֮ϣͫӣ³֡

Ц£ͬģŲһ硣
վǵش£û뵽һսַ㶯֣ɳӡ
Ҳ˫֮˶Ҫսס
죬ǱЩѩ¹ףͬΪţ۹͸ţвġ
ɳΪ侳ءɳ壬Į³һ
壬Ϊһ
˵һ̧ͷ˫ͫףԽԽ
Сˡ
ɳ³һĮ֮Ųһ磬ֱ˳һƻӳʱռз·Ҫһɳ
ͫûκεĸɫʣһҲ˳ȥƣҲ͸һ֮Ϣ
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˵ײƸӲԵͬưһȥȴоƷ飬żִʹ
һƣƵУѪɫɳۣ΢Щʹ
ɳҲòȥǿµз·ӵа룬ֱ۶΢΢
ÿµ
ɳб壬ڲղǰưˣǰӣƺҲôǵġܲ򵥡

ɳŲٶȿȥյпɳ趯·޾Ŀɳ۵ƣƱޱȵļ͡ҷ
㲻ɡ
ͬɱǻӳƾȻϵĿ󣬻֮ɫֺɫƤëѾƣǴơ
ַ㾪Ŀ壬Ϊѩ¹˴ӵʵӹɣգҲһο֣


0555 ûд
¡
͵ɳһ𣬿ɳ裬ɳȴо֮дһޱߵھ
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ɳſ죬³һУ³ľȻǿɳУЩɳӣͺһһ̹ȥ
𣡡
зһµ޺֮޴ſޱȵһͷʨʨХһʨ֮׳֣ʵʡ
пɳʨɢŭһޱȾ޴ĸһգ漴ٶȺɱɳ徹һȥоһƺ֮
šš
Ų̤֮أһѺۣɳ˺󣬶ֻһѺۣ֪Ŷôֲ
˵Ŀⶼ΢΢ǣȫ壬ݵĽ棬ȻռϷԿԵɳÿ¡
ַ㶢Ŀ˸ʲôΪ˴ƣȴַʨ֮Х
ô꣬ʨ
Щ֪ѩ¹֮ȴ֣Ϊѩ¹˴ӵˣʵܲǿ󣬿ɲɽ۹һ˾Ϳġ
ɽ۹ţҲˣ治֪кʸѩ֮ˡ
嶢Ǳ˵ĺɳĮ³һ漴ĽŲ˻صղվ֮أ·ʲô鶼ûзһ
ɳɫȴһɷףѿһν棬൱ˡ
ղŻŵȴѩ¹Żܣ澡ʧ
ɳ㻹Ҫȥúһǡ
ش䵭˵һɳܣҲоûӣַǺηʥ˳һѩ¹νţɳ֣ȴûдﵽѩ¹ŵĿģѩ¹֮˻ˣݺݵĳһƣǸоûӡ
ش㲻ҪַдһڣǲǸöˣ㲻ԸսĻҵҪͻԬͩսһ
ʱһ˶ش˵ȺעתƣתƵַϡ
û
ش˵ͷַ㣬Ŀ͸ż֮⣬ַ㣬Ҳҳдһ
Ϊԭʦ
ַ㵭Į³һȺһ㶣ַǺ⡣
ַǹһĨЦݣ˵ǧۼһ飬Ϊ˻ǣһѩ֮ˣ֤ʵǿ𡣡
ҪʧˣҶд裬ûȤ
ǵ³һشȻַ㣬ȥ֤Լǿȥ֤شжô
ַ㣬ûд衣
תַĽŲһ磬׼Ҫ뿪ȥȺˡ
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ţҪֳд֤ʲôţȻѩȵ̨ųĿĹʡ
νд裬ֻΪЩǵ棬ѩ¹֮ˣȥ֤жжš
ңںɳһսɳûռˣֽĿתַ㡣
Ҫַ㣬ȥظղʧȥ棬ͬʱȥ֤شжǿ
ַ㳯·ȥЩ˵Ŀⶼһ
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ַ㾹Ȼд裡
شĿĮ˸սսַ˵㣬ƱҪַ㣬ôֶܿ顣
뵽⣬شĽŲ˳ȥҪ뿪ַȥ
ͬʱشϣͷųһǿϢַ֡
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شӭſԵ˳ȥ紵ϣͫ׶ַıӰսⱼڣַ֡
һɿµԪתϢַ㲻սҲҪȵַս
ַͫ׵УһĮ֮ɫһ̣ӰͻأֹסȻת˫ĮĺڰͫףԵ˵ı̹ǣش̲סͷһ˫۾Į¡
ǧħ
ַͷһֱ۵УںڵĹתڣµķħƣַתͶشһȭ˳ȥ
ǿҵ˺ѿռ䣬죬·Ҫռ䶼˺
شȻһû뵽ַͻȻ𹥻ֲûκηӦ
µľشˣٵܺˣǱַУȻˡ
磡
ַӰһһشǿµķħɱתѹشϣشĳӭ

شҪԪȴûκεģֱַӾǶ͹ʲôд裬ַĸͣ˲ɱ쵽˼顣
𡣡
شִ̧֣֮ԪֵסַĹȴַдһĨ֮ɫͲݣ弸شģشûʱ䷴
ԪкХشĶǰַ㡣
աַһȣһ̫֮˸ĿĹ󣬴ַк˳ȥ쵽˼飬Ŀģֻһشڲ
Ⱥ˵ΣĿⶼ졢˵ٶȣ̫ˣ쵽ǿоЩģǶܿףַشͲشгֵĻᣡ


0556 Űش
ùꡣ
Ⱥַ˫ĮڵͫףаѣǲشϢ֮
ֻʱشɫɭԪڹĺĶţͶ΢΢

һǿҵŭ֮ش³ŭԪ·Ķַ̹̽ȥ
ɱ
ַͬһ͸ŭɱڣ³Ԫ֮⣬͸ŷħ֮ͬ۳ɽɱ֮
¡¡
³ڿײַ˫תķħֵ֮ǰֱӴ͸ɿ񱩵ɲϷŹش
꣡
شɫݵХ󣬳һɫСǳ
˺֮ʱԪڻۣشǰҲȫһСȫɱַ֣֮ķ
ʹˣ
ȺĿ΢û뵽ô죬شͱַȵʹַܹԬͩȻ򵥡
ǵȻҲóַϵϢֻ侳أתķħһѹ֮侳ص˶׳ܣشŻ᲻ͣ˺󣬶ȥӲ
ꣿ
ַɫĮͷһʱֱӳشȥޱȡ
ɱ
شŭһǰԪ۶ɵĽɱȥ
䡢䡢䣡
֮׺ͽײ¡죬񱩣ȻĲ֮޷ܵסʱ򣬱ữһ̣ʧ·ûгֹһ
𡭡
ŭͷ֮ͻƵشǰֱӳȥ˲ͽסſ֮ףһشҪ̵
˵Ķ̫ˣеĽ涼˸ͬʱɣ쵽ۻҡ
𣡡
شǲ֮ſҪԼɵŭȳֱֻӳǲ֮״ɱȥ¡һ촫Ӱ
侳صԿ侳ص꣬ҪЩ
ַ㲢ûָܹشղһַֻΪסشһ˲䣬ĿҲѾﵽˡ
;شַѽشߣǧħֲĺڰ֮ȭشɱȥ

ش֪޿ɱܣ̧һȭͺַȥײִټôַܺǧħǿȣ촫شһȭͷеĹѵ
𡭡
һŭ֮ڿռв죬ַ֣ɫ꣬޴ɫߣַȭͷشϵʱѾ˳סش塣
䣡
໡
ַһȭֱӺشؿڣشзʹİһѪ
䡢䡢䣡
ǧħַȭתݣһȭȭĺشϣشвͣѪʹĺԵøҡ
ȺɵɵĿзһУƺţشڱַŰ
ֵַһ̣ͷβشڱַѹƣûκεķ
䣡

ڣһ£ַ˫شһʸ˳ȥϢȫѪɫѾûʱķɣһήҡ
ðԵ
Ⱥоޱȵ𾪣ش侳Ϊ磬۹ǰУŶҪַ㣬֤ǿ󣬱Ԭͩǿ󣬵ĽֱԬͩҪңĻᶼûУͱˡ
ַվ֮УɨȺӶֱתŲ·Խûκλֱ뿪
˵дûȤҪսֱ𺳵ֶκشˡ
ȵȡ
ʱһַ㺰ס
ַŲһ٣عͷ˵֮ˣһǺˣ
Ҳûҽд
䵭˵һַĿ΢ڰ֣
ַĻһ˿֮ɫַŸյǣҲ֪֣Ҳ֤۹Ӱ
ҡ
ִȻǺڰ֮ɫԵøĴۡ
ַϸĴŴĿĮȻղش֮ʱΨû̫⣬һǽ巣һ˾Ǵˣ
߹ɽ۹Уλ۹ҾĪϧڶ͵ֱƼԼθģ£ǽ巣ġ
ѩµ۹֮ʱйһϯݵĶԻʱ֪˲ӦҲǽޣңܿҲ˽־
֮£֮ˣǴˣڰ֣
˿ַ̼Ȼ̲ס࿴˼ۡ
μѩȣҪڴаҪǿߣɽ۹ȻͬһӪǵսϣĶ֣һҪܣɽ۹ǰ֮ˣвҪʤЩˣҪ̤ǰǰ
Ĵ۹ÿһ۹ֻҪһţټϾŴҲһЩǰŵϯλ̤ȥ
ǹܷһԡ
ַ˵Ŀ͸ս֮⣬ȻóղַŵԪһɷǳҿֲһȭȭشϣشԪ޵ֿ֮
˵֮ʱ˫ڰ֣͸һĨļµĺڰ֮⡣
ַ㶢ŴĿ˸漴Ųһ̤ٶն𣬵á
Ҫд裬ܾˣǺڰִ̽һսжǿ
̧ǹɺڰ֮ԽԽĲֻһۣ·ֵܹܵǿ󣬺ɫ֡
ַ񣬲Ҵ⣬ǧħתʹͨǧħܷĺڰ࿹⣡


0557 
ַʹԶ˵ƾ㶼бǣͬļµڹâ
սɡ
ͺһŲһʱֱӳַ㱼ڶȥڰ󣬾Х죬ΪĿ¡
սַͬͺȣǿǰХ졣
ֻǶݵһ˲䣬˵ײһ飬ַƣĺڰ֣ͬʱȥ
ַ֣ǧħת͸ĲĹ⻪ĺڰ֣·ӰǺɫƣҪһС
䡣µĺ¡촫˵ںһ𣬴ĺڰַ·ҪַûַƵУǧħתͣǺڰתš
䡢䡢䣡
µĲ֮˵һ𣬵ȴɷ·ھεײ㣬ͣķײĿֲ죬ռ䶼Ҫѿ
ˣÿµ
Ⱥͷ˵ǽǵϣԽǸɱˣ˫ѾӴܲϵıŷµİεײ

һµƷ·ݺݵһʱƮˣַҲͬ˫ӴĿռ䣬ȴŷһɿµ˺
ܶݵײַʹֿˣ໥ŶԷĿ㶼͸һĨǿҵս֮⡣
һˡ
ô䣬κεɫʡ
ַĬû˵ӴУԿԷһˣɳϣһ׷֮ˣˣܿ£ӵмޱȵ־ֻҪʵȥʵǲ岻ηûκܹǵġ
һģֻ
ĬãַҡҡͷڵҺ㲻һˡ
ҲûַĻѵ¶һĨЦ⣬벻Ƕûйϵһμѩȵѩ¹ţûʧȵ̨ټ
£תֱӽŲһ磬̤뿪ûа
Щѩµţˣõӣַ㡢кͺɳһս壬Լδֵĸо
ˣԺɽ۹һˣʣµˣС
뿪ַ֮Ҳת·粽뿪
Щɽ۹֮һۣɫ̫ÿǱַ˵شбܵĺɳɫ࣬иоޱȱ
ɽ۹źƵҪѩ¹һһսܣ澡ʧ
ǽ巣˿û⣬Ц£Ⱥѩ¹λſɽ۹Ҳйһ֮ԵˣԺλлԶӴӴȸˡ
巻£ХĽŲһ磬ֱ̤һХ뿪ޱȡ
ߡ
ɽ۹ſɨѩ¹Ⱥһۣһ˺һ漴һ˸뿪ݣȵߺѩ¹ȺŶ׷˸ȥصԼԺ䵱С
ѩ¹˵Ҳֱ˲ͬ뷨壬ʶһɽ۹֮˵ʵ΢Щϸȴоž޴ѹЩɽ۹ţÿһǵģһҪܶôס
ǺڰִԼ巣Ǽ֮ˣңǻɽ۹ǿļˡ
ѩ¹λţһа߳ǲŷжжôĿֲɽ۹̤ˣһȫ侳صΪһԸǴ
Ƿ֣ǵ츳ĲʲôǻСַ㣬һɳѾԻ侳ؾǿˣڲ佫ԶԶ˦ٺַ㽻ֵĻǾǶˡ
ٺˣǸоϱżǿѹַ㣬ѾôǿˣԺˣңַȻһҪġ
ַûԸǣǻɱ
ַ㣬Ȼ֪ЩʲôҲϾ˼˿̵صԼסС
еҪʵֶ̫ЩֶΣΪʵֻҪܹΪʵģַȫŹ

ǵǳ׳˳ӿɫĽ֮Ŀۻңڽ֮ڣʱܹڽ
ʱַ㣬һ⽻֮ء
ڻʫϸУһ񵤵ĵڵУ񵤵֮Ʋϡ񵤵;
񵤣֮һλϣǾּЧܲ˵ľ̲׳ʵѪͬʱ
ͨ˷񵤣øӵĳԾǿ׳ǣ˵츳øǿ
ҷ񣬶Թ֮Ҳмĺô̲츳֮⣬û湦øǿ֮˵Ϊֲ
֮˷񵤣ҲƼٵĻָǿ壬ѪҺ׵ĻˣصɱԺ⣬Ҫ񵤣ܹѹ񵤣ʥҩһҲ֮ܽȻ֮޷൱һ
˵񵤣Ǽıһö˷񣬵ȻΪƷ׵񵤶ǼƷõƷҪƣ̫ѡ
ַõ񵤵ĵ֪Ҫʲôȥ񵤣ȻҪռá
Ůݳǣᡣ
˾⣬񵤻ζҵҪ֥ԼѪݣ֥Ȼ󣬵ֻҪǮҲܹõѪݣϡޱȣҪҵ»ЩѶȡ
ַаһĿĽ֮زͣ˸š


0558 ̯
ǳ׳ޱȣｻ׵֮һÿ춼ģ˭кöͱ˽ס
ˣ⽻֮׵ƷҲǼĶַ࣬ת˼ʱ󣬳֥Ѫζζɻȱҩ⣬ĻռˣЩûҵҲҩ滻ⲻ
ǣò֥ѪݵĻռҩģҲûκãܹƳ񵤡
̧ͷһɫʱչѾͣӰбѾǻƻ֮ʱҲζҩĻձǰһˡ
ĿΧɨţַ㷢һ̯Ӱ뿪¶һյأʱĿ΢΢һͣţƺ˼ʲô
Ƭַ̺ǣһĨЦ⡣
һֱַǿյϣ΢ǰʱ˼
ͣ͡
˺ѣַ㽫֮ڵϣ漴ֱϥǶ˶ǰһҩݣоҶ͸ŰɫĹ󣬶УͷǿҵĴ֮
ֻһַֻ꣬ǽһҩݰڷ˺ѵϡ
ţ
ʱַ԰̯֮˸ܵɴϢĿ⳯Ͷͫײɵ΢
þҩ£ԶдáȺͷ˵Ŀ̰֮ɫ
ǿַ֮е̰֮
ַ·ûпΧȺĿ⣬΢գϥǵȻֱӱĿڡ
һųâʹַ֮ΪĿϥַ㣬ܹĸܵڿΪһļ¶ðȡ
öԶģַǰģǾݣ֮ݣޱȣܹˡ
ݣǾݡ
·֮Ҳͣ˽ŲȻ⽻֮׵ּĶ࣬ôȱڵ̯Ϸǽ׵ˣټ
ֻ侳һصΪ
ӹַΪͷһַ㣬ӹģ侳һصΪҽݷǰĿѵͲݲɣ
˿̵ҲûȥַǷɵأǿɶһ˾ҪĻһˣɲһӮңһ£Լģܲ᣿
ʱַԵһλ̯̯λַķŲ£ַ΢ЦСӣռҵˡ
ռأַ۾ԱߵĴӣ̯λ˽֮뿪ռݵģڵã꾹Ȼ˵ַռĵء
ԣ֮أҵĵֻ̣ʱǣȻջ
ǳźӰٶȿ˵ַĿ⽻֮أ֮˭ռλãʹá
ڸղŻ̯λţ˿ַ̱ռݣݳ˵֮ˡ
ǲӦýطû㡣
ַ͸һĨЦ
ãҵĵ̣ұ㲻Ǯһݣҽױɡ
ǳ꿴һַǰľһۣĿ͸ż̰֮⡣
ݣҪõ
𣿡ַЦ£Ǹݣһã׼㽻ס
ɾͲˣȻҵ̯λݣͱҪҡӽԼǰĶպĿ⿴ַ㣬ǿӲ֮ɫ
ַ㣬侳һصΪѣȴӵоݣⲻǱ
ȺϷʵĿһĻȤˣ˾Ϳʼ̲סҪַľˡ
ȷʵַΪ侳һأ;ݲƥ䣬ȻǱסݵġ
Ҫ㣿ַ㿴ŴӣҾͲҪΣ
ұԼȡˡ
Ц£Ųַַ߽࣬ɵȻûа֮⣬ǲɵùһĨ⡣
ù
Ȼ䶯ƣֱӳַǰڷŵľץȥ˲䣬һǿҵϢŶܶ˷׷ǾסӼ˾ݣҲûôס

ץַͬʱʣµһӣֱӳַԴץȥҲַֹȥӰþݡ
ַͫһĹ⻪漴â˸Ŷ
ꡣ

һ촫֮һģǴӵҽֻ˫۴ĴǣƺˣıһţȻַ㡣
ţô£
˵ͫ׶һ˸ղŸûпַĶֻǼӸճ֣漴ͿԷıҡ
ʵҲҪ֮´ԴŴ㡣
ֱַһʱǴӵֱӱ˳ȥǳҡ
ɰڷַǰûж
ȰҪͼֵõݣ´ΣϢַ³һ漴ֵ˴ΣҽóΪ˳ֻۣΪﻻ˭֥Ѫݣȡݡ
֥Ѫݣ
΢΢ַ̣óԭΪͬҩģַ㣬ƺʵһͽղ˻ˡ
Ǿݡ֥ԼѪݣǳ󣬵ǵ۶޵ãǾݸһ㣬
аţǣ֥ѪݿɲǷǷԼҲûУò
Ȼַ㽻׾ݵϢȴǲϵɢӳȥԽԽַ֪Ŀģ֪˶ˣҪҪݵˣ֥Ѫһġ
ÿǳ׳ôܻ࣬ӵҪ֮


0559 
ԽԽַ߿̯׾ݵˣȴټ
ַ㵹ڣ۾ϥǣ֮ʱ·ģ㲻֮ɨˣ֮أⲻˣûô๤
ַǰ˺ɵĲϣдһּݣһ֥Ѫһ꣬š
ι
ʱһһǱãվַǰ
ַۣ꣬˵
ݣܲԪʯãԿַۡ˵һȴַֻıϣĮ³֣㿴֣Ҫҽ𣿡
ѾǵһѯʵˣΪǰвˣŻּĻ·˶һֻҪش˵ʻˣַ㣬ûôڡ
ţüͷһ壬ַ꣬ò˵𡣡
ַûɱĿɽ
˵ȵַĽëˣ촽΢³һ
ַĮûаʲô˶Уȡ֮Ҳ١
ɫ΢ЩӲߵùֵСӣұѵһ㣬֪Ϊ
˵գһһ˫ֱӳַȥһƬ硣


ַһȣԵĳԪ³·һɻ֮ţ˹ȥ
м͵һģַ³Ԫ֮ϣŲ΢˸˿˲ֻصԭء
ͬʱַҲˣӰֱӳſռ̽ȥ漴һա
һӰͻȻӲֻֿݣֻһʹ˾ݣȴʱ򣬱ַסˡ
ÿķӦѸ͵Ķ
ȺĿ΢۾ûзӦʲôַһֺͬʱҲ̽ȥˣֱӽǴӺͻȻƿס
˵´ΣϢ
ַ³һ漴һ촫ֻӰֹ֮ѣַ

ԱߣһӲҽһʹĳ鴤š
ǡꡭ䣡
ѵϵĴ漴Ⱥ㿴ǵӰ˳ȥֱ۶ǣѾַϵˡ
Ǳõ꿴һĻȻĺˣҪȺߡ
ȴâһַ㽫ݳ漴ͻȻվһȺǰöǵ
䡣

ͬʱֱַֻһƺţľԷΪϵ
ȡ֣Ҫûȡݣһ֣ٲϳֲͣϻ鷳һȥ˻ҪˮĻҪúõ˼һԼʵ
βַ˲ϢصԭأֱۡΪֻ˲֮¡
â˸һƴ֮ٶڿռ䴦ӣַֽȡǰĿ·ղʲô¶ûз㡣
˿Ⱥ˼ȴ˺ܶ࣬һЩۣٴݵעˣ꣬͸ʵǿֶιǳֶݵĻûжᵽ˵ǱϵΪһðôգֵá
ƻ裬еϼԽԽַ̯λ˲٣׵ȴûУԿ֥Ѫݣȷʵô׵õ֮ӵУУҲҲô᲻ó
ڴʱȺͻȻһɧüΪӣΧˣˡ
졢ÿÿ
ٵͣ𣬲ϵ˳ĳӵȥ˵Ŀ⵱У͸żֿ֮
ģĹˡ
һ˷ܵ˷ģɽ۹Ůߵ˵˭һΣһڶΡΡ
Ҫʲôô
Ⱥ˽Ųͣ䶯š
Χ֮׷ַüͷҲ¡
ǳģ۹ˣ츳ʵɽ۹һǰŮ˹ѹȺɧ
ַ㳯Զķһۣǽȴǽȫ赲סˣǴһƷ϶УһŮӣ̧һΣĳ߹
ַֻһ˫Сţµûа覴õĽţ˿һ۱Ҫ֮ġ
ȺĽŲƶַĿ⽥ϣһϯŵٻƳȹֻǽסǹ⻬ϴƵܷܷޱ޳ۣ·ˮ
˫ȣ˴ߣˮ̲סҪȥһ̫ˡ
һˮ
ַаһһ˫ȵˣղôҲߵˣҿĵַ㣬ôỳɺ֮
Ҳ˵ˣ߹˲ҴѣģȴȻ˿һ۾
ڣַĿϣǸʵַԼʩգ첱µļѩףһĨ֣ö˵ġ
۾ıϣַûټۣĵȴ֮ȥ·˵ȻŮˣһ֮޷ǣԻٿ
˵ı֮ǣԼĵȻ֮˭ܲȥڶۡۡ
ǰĵȻЦȫȱ˫΢΢һ飬ǳЦĿżỷһȦȺ
ţ
ڴʱĵ˸£һϸ΢죬߳һϥĿΧ֮»֪òҲӡ
ĵλãһλŮҲֻΪߵԵʣȴڸˡ
ַ㣡
Ů£ͺŮӣȻ


0560 ڵŮ
ַ㣡
ĵһǳЦַ㣿
ΪյַһԵʣҲʦעַ㣬ʦ㣬ȻҲ˲ַĵϸѩµ꣬Ҳ˼Ȥ
ңַɽҲ˲СĶ侳صԬͩŰشʹһƣЩȻĵĶĿ
ַ㡣˵ͷĿ˸š
ݣһ֥Ѫһ꣬š૵һЦŵСƺõ˻ҵ񵤵أǻʫϣǲеıﶼ
ʦ㣬˵ʲôء
һۣȴЦ̧֮ˣͣ£
ĵĻ£αͣ¡
ƣ˫̤εĽݣĳŵ£ʱǣ˵ģȺĿһĵԼѩ׵Ĺ֮أ·۾Ҫ
֮˵־͡ĹȴҲ˵֮ˣ㲻֮ܳΪˣ˻һ
ţ
ʱȺĿⶼ΢΢ֻ̣ĵ̧𣬾Ȼĳַĵ̯ȥ
ѵģȤ
ǲ԰˵ޱȣΪθ츳ǿ֮ˣݼΪҪĻӦҲȱŶԣǣҪľݡ
Ǽ֮ݣŮӣĹҲԣӦòܻҪݡ
ֻߵַߣӾȻ΢΢ţȻǳЦһַ㡣
ַ㵱ȻҲоĹһŮȴ˸оȻ
۾Ϊ΢΢ŵԵʣӡģѩ׶˵Ĺ֣Լֵķ
һַۣ۾Щ᲻뿪̲סҪһ

³ַƣȻӣȴЦЦĿ񣬾ַ͵־΢мֶҡ֮⡣
ŮˣǸȻ֮Ҫǿܶ࣬·鶼Ҫʧء
ңʱģĸоһȻŮӣżȻа֮⣬뵽ֲʵκĵʱ򣬶ᱻԻ󣬺ǿΪ
Ůˡ
ַͷһסԼָƽʲô𣿡
ǳЦҡͷûʲô£ֻ뿴һʦߵӵһꡣ
ʦ㡣
һԵһַ£ĵʦã
㣬ַΪ⡣
Ҫ֥ԼѪݣ
ֶַһַ˵ͷ
ѪûУ֥Ц£ֵָϴŵİ쵽ָḧ£ô
⻪˸ĵУһɫ֥ɢŨ
Ҫ֥㡣
Ľ֥ݵַǰַ£
ȺҲסˣһʲôˣȻõĵǳЦ죬֥
þݣ㽻
ַûȥӣǿ˵
ȴҡҡͷ˵ݣҲҪ֥͵͸ġ
Ķӣַ֥ߣַһЦ·ҪַĻǣ漴ת̧޳㣬Ρ
͸㣬Űɡ
ַ˵һ漴ҲĶȥٶȱ̧漴ƶĵĿַϣַͷЦҪѪݣȥǳ
лл
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ĵ㣬ַ΢΢ϸ΢ͿԿǲĶȻͬʱҲǶַһء
ΪַŵģվţȻͻһָӵĸоܶ˶һ㣬ȴˣӡ󣬾ûаĸ߰ӣЦȻ󣬻Ѻ͡
ַԿóʦҲǷǳ𾴡
УĽ֥δһ£Ȼ
һŮˣŮˣʵں˶С
ɽ۹׵ˣȻ򵥣ֻŮӣ
â˸ַ㽫ϵ֥Լݶһ䣬վоâ˸
ǳ
һȻûط
תĿ⣬ַһȡһöƷԪʯݸһˣʵ£֪ǳʲôطģ
˿ԪʯЦЦȻֻһöƷԪʯֻǻشһ˶֪ĻܲϲԪʯҲ̫ˡ
꣬ˣǳʶ
ַҲƣʦ֣ߣܲǳģҲڲ֪
ӹַеԪʯʹĵĽ׳ǳ׳ǳ׳Ҳڳⳡڵģⳡʵֻǳ׳沿֣ǳ׳ڳǳｻףȫܵκ˲öᣬӵıԸ⵽ȥס
ַһ㶣ǸһĨЦԭﶼתһȦֻⳡǻ
ȻֻⳡвٺöǳУȻرװɣѹĻὨȥǳˣ


0561 ǳ
ǳ׳Ķ淽һ޴ʯʯǳ֮״ǣ·˺ܾá
ʯΧ࣬˰λｻףȺϣƺ֡
ַ㣬˿̱̤ʯΧмСϣĿżͶλȺԼҪ֮ûҪѪݡ
ǳʯ֮ǰַϸĿһۣ㷢Ǿ޴ʯУһǳۣ֮òһԪʯ
ַȡһöƷԪʯǶǳ֮۵У漴վһԵȴģƬ֮һ˵ֻǳʯм侹һȳʯţʯڣƺһݡ
֮ء
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ǳһ嫵ĵ¹
̤Ž£ַĿ⻷԰ڷŵλ֮ƺܳ棬ܶࡣ
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ΪѰɣȻҲҪĶҲܻһλﻻַ˵
ǳоŻʮһÿһÿһİλļ۸񶼲ͬԸҪʲôҲҿ԰Ƽ
֮˼ڵϴǳЦ
ַ΢΢һۣѯһǣ
ǵһιǳɣǾŻĹ֮һܵİ̤ǳ˷񡣡˻Ӧ˵
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һ¹оŻʮһģֻǵھŻһȷʵܾˡ
ҪѪݡȻǳĹ£ַҲԷϣҵѪݰɡ
Ѫݡ૵һƺ˼⣬漴üȻ·˰㣬Ѫݰ㣬ݣĻڣҵĿԻ󼸷֡
ַ΢΢˵ͷһҸȥĻڣ
˳ŻŵߣȻ׵ġ˻Ӧһַ£漴ãڱȥˡ
ϣܹҵ֮ǹ¶ַ΢΢Ƿ漴뿪
ַǹµĻ߳⽻״һ˳˼ȻǻԹһܹ档
һƬ̣һݵȱڣԿȱڵһǿĽ״ζ˰ʮһеһ
ھŻӵоŵַߵ˵ĵʱҵһţŵϷĿĴ֣˻
ǳú嫡ַͷԽԽ̤ڰ˻ûƵˣӰ磬˳ŵڰ˻ĻǰУˣҲһЩʱ̲ڰ˻ҵ߻ڡ
ǲϵѭַʱ򣬾ȻҪһöƷԪʯΪĻ߻ھŻ
ǳȡǳ֮𣡡
ַ̤Ļʱ̲סһǳ̫ˣĻ΢һԹܽС
˵Ļַûټػ˸ǲһ潻֮ԣѾرˣûһǷƷ
ȫǱǣƷַ֮ͷһ㣬ÿһ֮еĽ״Ѿר״ˣǰģר
Ǳר⣬Ĵרۡй似ۡеҩۣ֮ÿһľŵҪ֮С
ѩ¹˷ḻıۼͬһףɽ۹ǳǾǧĳŻȹģ
ַǰȷʵû뵽ڵθ󣬾ȿֲ
ڱƬַ̣뿪ˣҵרſҵҪ֮
߽ݵ֮شмңЩλڵϣͬľ룬ӦǳĹ涨λ۸²͡
λȺ꼶Ĵ󣬴඼ߣܶһƾɵҩ¨ûаǰַ֮Щ˾ûһǼ֮ˡ
ڴѲһܣַ㻹ûҵѪݣɵмʧ
ߵһλǰַŰڷλߵ˼ңʲôݣ
߰ڷŵλϣõһѤĻɫƺ͸˿˿Ϣ
ѪܹǿĻԣʣˣúĹƥ䡣
߿ַ㣬˫С۾ȴ·Ҫַ͸
ʲôַۣѯʵ
һƷԪʯһꡣ߿˵ַͷһÿֲļ۸񣬲һЩ޶ԣҪ֮᲻Ԫʯ
̫ˡַҡҡͷ֣͵۹ȣʵ̫һ㣬ܹΪһʦڵҩרһλԾˡ
Թ˶ԣһҲ󡣡Цҡͷ
ͷӵеԪʯࡣַǸһЦʵǰ֪Ѫݡ
Ŀ΢Ŀַһۣ漴ЦѪݱѪҪȥݵҲС
ãллַվҪȥ
̧Ųֱַӿ˴ŻǰȻҪöƷԪʯɼܹ̤˶ԣöƷԪʯʲô


0562 
ǳĵݵУַſڣ͸оһŨŨҩ֮ζ˱Ƕеˣеҩ΢Щ̱ǡ
Ȼ˵ζ˱ǵݾҪЩ̱ǵҪã֮ûκһҩʦʦ˵Լʶݡ
ַ㲽УݵȵĻеݵҪȴԵҪ٣˶ֻڰţѰԼҪݣҲڵŽס
ѪݣͨѪ֮ɫܴһ˿
ַŲݵλǰһѲţַߵݵ֮ʱͫ΢΢һ
ҵˡ
ַȭͷ΢΢սߵУһͨѪݣ·㣬͸һƻ
λһߣǰһ¨΢΢ۣԵЩ޾ɣλֻһѪݣûԵøַۣһ۱㿴
ַ³ԼݵĽײ޺㶨ļ۸ֵԽΪںԷܿԽߣɳܲ
ǴӾŽõԪʯ챻ӻɾˡ
ǶӣַɲվڸߴˣԵòò
ǰѪݣνף
ַһɢĿ⿴ַһۣЦЦ¶˼Ȥ
Ҫʲô
ûشַ㣬ǿһ
һҪܰŪַ֡˵һԼֵòô⣬Ȼ߶ԷҪ񵤣ַ֮㻹˽һЩġ
ŶЦĿַһۣ漴Ȱһ㻹ԼɣѪݼ۸̫ŪȥĻֵ˵ѻ֪㻨˶Ĵۡ
ߵĻַĿһȻϵϼһôΪ
ûϵҲһѣһѪݣӦûܹ͵ǰ۱ǡ
ַ㲻˵һ
ŶߵӦ˾䣬ַ㣬Ŀ˸漴ָ
ʮƷԪʯ
ʮƷԪʯԼÿ𣿡ЦЦĵ
ǰ˵Ѫݷһݣ˵ƷԪʯǲ̫˵㡣ַüͷ
ѪݣʵѪ⣬̲ǣƷԪʯֵˡҡͷЦ
ַüͷĬ£ƺ˼
Ƭ̧֮ͷߵǰԪʯܲ㿴һݣһѪݣΣ
ݡĿһ͸һâһĻַ΢㶣漴¶һ˿гЦݣûˡ
ѪͬһݣȻȴûʲô̫;һҪһЩԪʯʵڡֻĿڣټһЩƷԪʯĻһܿһ
ǰȷԾûʲô¡ַЦվ漴Ҫ̧ŲƽȻ
߶ַ㣬ȴַĽŲĿ˳ȥڿڵȵȡ
ַͣ˽Ųعͷߣüʵǰʲô𣿡
Сӣ̫˰ɡЦҡͷȥɣһݻȡѪݣǸȡ裬˭ҲԿ
ԣַҲųЦ⣬ֺ˼»صߵ̯λǰ
ҩǶռãͲ򣬱Կ¯ˡ
â˸ַгһݣ֮ݸߵǰպˡ
Ҳâ˸ݽӹ
ַ㣬ȴǳλϵѪݶȥͬ¶һĨЦ⣬˵Ƕˣȡ衣
ȵȡ
ʱһĮ漴ַ͸оһӰԹ쵽˼飬һֻӰַ֣֮С
ţ
ַһͬŵϵѪץȥ
ֻ֣ͬʱס˵ϵѪݡ
ַ㿴һֻ֣޳ƣһĮ֮ɫ
Դתַ㿴ԼĲ棬ӡģһžĮףһӢ˵Ů֮
ѪݣѾҵˡַĮ³һ
ȻûеУͲġŮӵ³һĮĻ漴ߵѪݣҪˣʲôۣҿԼһ
ţַһûŮˣҲ̫Ե˰ɣѾ˾ݣѪݴԭ϶ԣѾˡ
£ѪݣѾλˣҪĻ벻
ߵ˵һʱַֺøУߣ»Ƿǳԭġ
ŮӵĿַ⳯㿴ȥֱ³һøҡ
ַЦ˵ѪݶдãûãԶԷ̬ȣøԷ
Ǹ㽫ƿ
ַ³һԷȴҲסѪݲš
øң˵ˣ˫֮ۡŮٶȿڣӲĮ
áַԽԽ䣬Žߵף͸һâ
ٲ֣ĪҲˡַȵ
Ůûַ㣬Ŀ⣬ƽĮûаĶҡ

ַſ죬һ֮³У͸ǿҵ֮ޱȣԪֱӳŮɱȥ
ŮĿһ㣬ɿſַסѪݣղŲϷѪݱ㱻ˡ
Ů˱ܿȴһɿµϢŶַС
ַ㽫ѪͬվĮĿŮӣһѹ֮ڿо
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ӣ㲻ÿУһۣܽļס


0563 ǿ
ַɨһۣ޳ĿʣʷǷӦӵܣʡ
ҪѪݡӵĻͷҲأ˵˾䣬Ŀȴһֱַ㡣
ǳԭҲ˸ġַ˵˾䣬ȴŮӺںͻȻһֱַȥ
ù
ŮӵƳַ˳ʱһƷ糯ַϮȥַ
ߡ
ַһû뵽Ů˴󵨣һշ쾭תԪתݣƵУȫ֮𣬺ͶԷȻ෴
ȥַŭһǹԪȼ֮£ռ䷢͵죬ַƺ޵˲ײһ𣬷ص졣
˫ཻһתֱַһ֮Ҫ͸һУ˳ԼֱӣǸоһɳȵ֮Ҫֱۡ
Ѫݣ
޽Ųǰһ磬ʱһɿֲϢϮַ㣬ַһȻܿ޽Ųȴû˰벽ɴǡ
ȥַһԪϯֱ˹ȥǹ⡣
ȴֱֻ۶£ʱֱϵѿٻ٣һɳֱ֮͸׵Ļ
ü͵ŮӡַĿһޣĿʼĮͣս͸һɺݾƺĿı㲻ݡ
ַĿⶢԽԽѪò׵õŮӾ˵д
ȵԪٶֱַۣϣ·һŻǣųȵϢͬʱǻ浱Уһɺڰתַֻоֱϳ޾ǧħȫֱ۵С
ʱ޵һַ㣬һƣûκεĻڣһƣȸղŸǿ˼֡
ַŲһ̤棬ʱ΢΢£ĽŲÿһ£ƶ£ֱΧһϯͣ趯ţ͸żֺɫԪ
¡
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ַվǣĿĮŶԷܱߣһתݵŰ
еȺµĿ˵սַϢ侳صϢޣ侳أһײռϷ磬ڶƣ侳صַ㾹Ȼתޡ
޵Ŀô䣬ַ㲻ţȻ֡
ޣˡ
ʱȴ꿪ںסŽϵϢЩ
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ַĬ굹ԵúܴȣǸм֮⡣
ʵܲǵĿ֮Ҷ֪һӦòǣĪѩ¹ˣ
ЦʵȻܹһ۾Ϳ϶ַ㲻ǣѩˡ
ˣҲʲôѰ֮ſô࣬ôַ֪㲻֮һ
ǡַ˵ͷӦ
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һַĿ΢мֲ죬û뵽ԷϵԼ
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Ȼұ˵ǣûгܹԽ󼶱ս֮ˡһЦνʶһҲԵ֣õ֮£Ƕлġ
˵ţתĿ⿴ޣޣһȥ
Ŀ漴Դ΢΢Ӧá
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ˣҪףΪ˶ȻҲ˴ƵģѾͷʵҲˣ侳أ꣬ΪΣ
߶ַЦʵ
ַҡҡͷ֪
һ֮֮ǿΪεģ˵ΪԹ侫Ѫ˵һۿ㣬ұûΪ侳һΪ꣬ľûκȱڣѪȻɣľ磬ͷҪߡ
ЦҡͷĿ͸żֳĺ֮⣬ƺڸпԼˣһΪԽ
ַͷһˣҪߡ
ߵΪҲˣ侳֮Ѿ̤˸߽֮ˣ꣬߻Ҫǿ
ôݣԼɽ۹ĵλӹˣΪˣǳ˽﷢սˣ֮⣬ǱڵĹ
лǰָ̡
ַ˿һ֮ûмǳжĶҲѾܹ׵˲ţþȥ
ȼݣԼһЩΪá
ַ߳ǳ󣬷ִ˿̵ɫѾղǳȴƻͨ㣬֪ʲôʱ
ɫѺڣǳ׳Ⱥ֣ڼ
ַѾõҪ֮ҲԲûټβͣ˸ûþͳǳ׳
뿪ǳַ֮ȴһֱ˿ӵĸоָоһҲİ


0564 Χַ
˸ٶԽԽ죬ַںڰбڷɳۣһʸڰҹдǰС
ַεǹɿӵĸоԽԽǿˣѾ֮ܳΪˣԷû䣬ֱӳ׷ٹȥ
ÿٶȡ
ַͷ΢΢һȣ˸ٶѾܿˣ׷һɹϢȴԽԽǿңȻԷľ룬һûбԽԽ
׷ˣʵͬСɡ
ڴʱһɿµϢͻȻĴַͷһ˲Ϣת෽
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ҹд죬ַղ֮أмӰ𣬽ǰ·
ôǿߡ
ַͷǣ˲ֻ࣬ôˣȻ˿̾Ȼô˽ɱ֪Ǻη֮ˣȫǳһӹ֡
峯༲ۣղŶ½ǰ֮˻Уһ׷׷ᣬٶȿ쵽˼顣
촫ַһƬϿգȻֹסΪ˿̵Ѿסˣˣ˽׷ϣǰ
ҹйâ˸ܿ죬ַˣͱŵΧסΧ⻩ĺϷ
ĿһɨΧȺһȫųۣȫںڰУַܹģֻһĮףȫİס
ַҿ϶ûмЩˡ
ʲôˣַĮһû˻ش𣬺ҹУΨлˮʣϵĴУ˵ˣһƬţûа
Ųһ̤գַٶڿն
ΧΧӰҲͬʱַһʼսַΧڡ
ڴʱַȻֹס֮ƣ·׹䣬쵽˼顣
Щһ㶣ҲַһˣַȴַͻȻģٶȻַ㣬һһ
Ųһַû½ǼȥҪԷ
ȥ
һͺһֱӳַһȭɱҹԪתѤİ׹⡣

ǧħȭУַͬһȭ쵽˸ףһǰ
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˫ȭײַֻоȭһɴȭͷЩ飬˵ʵ侳ء
һȭԷҲܣԪײַǧħ֮㾳ַߣƺһ·ȭеĹͷҪѵ
ɱ
ַŭһɱֲ֮ޱȣԷһȭȻңûа赲һǰơ
ַ·һ֮˫һϣԡâУޱȣ罣ˣ˽һ̺µĽ־
侳֮˱úˣ㿴ַһǰĳɵͷһһ˿֮⡣
ַ֮ȴɱһС
˶ͷһַһһ£漴ϳ֣쵽˼飬ΪľҪҵһȱڴ

һŭ֮漴ַ͸оһɹɿԵݲжȴδؼΨݲеɱһ
ȫɱһУһںĽɱ־
ȥ
ŭȳһȵ͵³عµ˳ַ˹Ȼ⽣񣬻һУ޿赲
ݣ
â˸ڰĿռһĨѪţǿߵһ֮£ֱӴ͸һ
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սŸոտʼһǿˡ
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߽ǿߡ
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ϧһţַɲܹɳǿݹԸ
ʮ侳صǿߣټһǿޱȵ侳֮ˣò¼òҲòԶ
ѩ¹УͬΪɽ۹ڣôһ˿µ
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ַͷ𾪣ûˣɱ֮˿ɲڵŵӣʹеĺüˣĻӵ·糾С
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ַֻûԤϵ⸴ô죬Էƺһǳ׳׷٣;зһУ·ġ
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ߡһֻ֮侳֮һĵգɡѷɣ


0565 ɱ
ַͫ׽䣬ڡĺڰ֮ͫ
ҹУַͫףЩȺ̲סͷ΢΢һ˫
Ȼɱ⣬ôڣɱַ㡣
𣡡
յУɫĳ˳ȥ
ߡ侳صǿһһʱɢ޾󣬳Щ˾ȥ

һԵƷɫ꾹Ȼ޷Щǿߵ档
գ
ַеͺһϹȫص壬ͬʱһζһ⳯Զȥ
ʮ侳صǿڣɱɱʵе¡
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侳ǿһӰ磬Ҳ׷˸ַ׷ȥһַˡ
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治ϣؿڡ࣡
ȺȫһĿɿڴǵԴ·ֹͣ˼
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ȺҲûлعźɫĻ棬侳ǿߵӰѾʧˣ׵ڻлΪޡҽ
ˣǵǰڻڤ֮лΪޡ
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ַ㣬ȴʧɽ
ڱַ㿪ٵɽͺ֮û˸ҹȥһַˡ
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Ⱥһվ﷢ɽ巢
ʵϣʱַ㣬ȷѾľԪΪ˻ɱ侳صǿߣȫԪΪڤһɱ
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ΧĿռ䣬һƬţ˸ţûȥɿµļž
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0566 ǿ֮ĩ
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0567 ħ
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˵Ҳַ³ȴһ촫ںеһƬˮһΣַ㾹ȻǱһС
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0568 ħ
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0569 Ů
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Ů˵֣뿪
Сţˣ治ܾȡȰ
ʲôܾȵģүүҽôͨٲݣûβ˵ƣ֪ΪȲ˸ĴӴٲˣ͸һͿҪˣԾȣΪʲôȡ
ŮƺЩ˺˻ĿŮ
ĬƬ̣̾ϢһվֲŮҩ¨ŮȻӣȡһСӡ
ӴװŵģȻһ֧֧Ӳӵ룬롣
˵֫ٺ⣬ԿͨͨѨ֮֮ͨѪͨƿһ
˵гһŻ棬ڽ֮ϣ룬ĳļȥ͵ϸ΢졣
ȫϣ˾žŰʮһ룬ȫ˽롣
ŮһԿһĻ𾪵ɫүүһΪȥһ
˿̣ȴ˰ʮһ룬ɼ״ͬСɡ
žŰʮһ֮˵ٶȳһŻ棬ЩߣýϵĻ治𣬲ͣĴļУ嶼ͨЩѪҺҲͨ
֮أ˿˿ں֮Ѫ漴ɡ
ͬʱϣһˮڲͣðЩˮǽڵĺˮǴ³ġ
ŮҰ׵ɫһ˿ͷҲ΢΢˼֣žŰʮһ룬겻ܲȻ
ԽԽ죬·Ҫȼ϶͸Ż֮⡣
ȿȣ
ٶȴƺ˼֮ϢŮϵЦԽԽá

һʱʮһ֧ȫ˳ûȫһ飬漴ŻԼľеУ
үүôû
Ůһʮһ£ӦѲŶԡ
һѡ
˵һ漴̧𣬱ıϣŮСţյҩ¨һϣǻȥˣûô򵥡
á
Ů˵ͷȻ̫˵˼ȻүүӦ˻꣬һὫԷȻ㣬Ӳɡ


0570 
˺Ů뿪һʱ֮ӰնڵϲϵѲš

ڴʱһ˿ϵʬ壬ʱĿһ˵ͬʱ½
ǿģȴֻɢʬ壬·ȫǱһɱ
ˣȫˡ
˵ɫøɭôܣôǿɳһ侳صǿڣôܻɱַ㣬ңڳǰģȫǵˣַʬ壬ȴûп
ƣο
УһΪʵ
˳ˡƵĮ˵һ΢΢ͷֻֿˣû˳ַ֣㣬ôܻɱôǿߡ
ַ㣬侳صΪܹԿ侳صΣʮ侳صǿڣһ侳֮ˣɱַ㡣
Ϊֵˣп˭
ʵ
ȴҡҡͷܹɱôǿߣɽ۹˳֣ѩ¹жǿ߹򲻿
ɽ۹ˣ֣Ҳܽ˵ľ֮ȫɱ⡣
ڵǣַ㣬ûЩˣɱַ֮ɱ׷ɱַḶַ́㱻ȡ
ƻĿڵĿ˸ȷʵһ⣬ַ㲻ǶԣǸ
ᣬ侳ؾ磬µǣƾֶΣַ㾹ɱ侳֮ˣַʵǿɱ侳ءصǿߣԣǸѡ
ǿɶַгر֮ˣѩ¹š
ǻȥַ㣬Ҫնɱɱˣɽ۹һţҲ̫ԶûַΣ󡣡
Ŀһĺâַ㣬ɱˡ
ƣȴĿ˸֪Щʲô
ΪʹһʹҪģսַ̨Ĩɱ
ԵӺ̫ʦȻôҪģַַֻ㣬Ҫɱˣž󻼡
Ҳн׷뿪ΧָֻһƬš
ڴʱѩ¹ϢݵУȴЩԵֵܱˣǣԺ䵱ǻ˼ûС
֪˴ַ㣬ûС
ַ㻹᲻֪ǳַ١
֮ٺԴǺûа
Ƿ֣½ǿߣеҪ࣬߶ȫ侳ǿߣϢҪǿܶġ
ѩ¹ţϳǵΪͬڶ֮Уɽ۹ȴԼʲôѩ꣬ΪǵģܵǿҵĴַ㲻ΪҲǸоѹһɽ޷ϢԣҪַɽ۹

һУַ֪˿̵һСݵľ֮ϣ۾գûѡ
ڲݵ棬ŲҩŮȴһ¯ǰϵĶŻ¯ӣ¯ϵҩޣͣɢҩζѬŮ϶΢΢Щ죬С˵ģͷЩҡ
СţҩҪϸܽҩ졢͸ҩʦʦͬƵҩеҩʦҪϸġġ
Ա߻˵Ů˵ͷүү⻰㶼˵ˡ
˵ôܼڹءЦŵ
үүΪʲôֱӾѣŮɻһ
ܾѣһЩҪѹƣȻĻӰ쵽ˣк档˵ĻŮƶǶֻĵͷ֮үүƭǡ
ĻͿͣ£ȥιҩˡ˱Ӷ˶ҩ֮ζ֪ҩм졣
ϡ
ŮͷӦֹͣ˼𣬽ҩ޷漴ӽҩеҩʢУʪëסСжȥ
˿Ů߽СУЦҡͷŪҩݣƺﶼġ
СݵУŮõҩ΢һ㣬ȻιַС
ҩҪȷȻ֪ģ˾ûôǿҩЧ
ַ۾ǽŵģǱιеҩҲֻ֮һڣĶ˷ѡ
ŮȻ֪ⰾҩ󣬵ȴɲͣιַȣüͷδգһ¡
ܿ죬һҩ꣬Ůַָ㻻һ룬ͣĸַιҩֱҩޱգʣŮһҩ
ҪǸ绹ڣҲ䣬֪۾ǲҲ͸һÿ
Ů˵еҩȻַĿС
ҩ׽ַ죬ȴһıַ³ŮʪַȥȻʱһ֮ͻأţŮһ̧ͷ㿴һ˫Ȼ

Ůһ漴һ죬ҩˤϣӦѡ
˫̫ˣ͸ɱѪ񱩣˵Ĺ裬Ůһɲǣ޷ס
ڻӵһŸɾƯü꣬᲻۾һ峺ɾȻ俴۾ȴһ˫͸ħͫףܲ
ʱľϵַ㣬ֻоһʹϮһͳĺ̶ĺеħⶼ·ܵѹơ

ַͺһȴʱһӰ˸Ȼߡ
ַ˫͸ŵħ⣬һʱֱӺַϣַͣĴš
ͬʱâ˸ֱ֣ӽַüġ̫Ѩ˫Ѩ
һַ̣Žİ·˲䱻᲻һ˿
ۣ漴ַƺʹ㣬üͷš
ţû
ϡǵãħǺεȵĲң


0571 ָ
һ־սħ־Ҫû־ռס
ַ㣬ôͬ⣬ħԼıϣѪȾˮһĴԼ壬ħʣͬھ
գַ־սʤħ־ħʣĻסȻԼԪʧ־ǵҲһգˣ׵ѣټܵˣֱ˹ȥ
ڣţڴϡ
Ƭַ̣ٶſ˸ǰߺŮĿߣĿⶢƹֺ
Ϊʲôסҵ
ַ³һ˿̷оڵǳ΢Ԫ֮ƺ
Ҳס㻹𣿡
˵³һַĿ΢漴е⽥ĵȥĿû˱ķƽ
ҳ嶯ˣǸллǾҡ
ַѹûŪ׷ʲôͷΪƺŻ嶯˿̲ɵЩΣȻԷǾȴԱ˺ǳ
ڴ£ַ˵ƫ˼֡
ûиоԼı仯˶ַһַһˣĬãŵ˵ͷȷоԼı仯˿̣䣬䣬ˣĮЩ
ԺٶòˣһΣǽңܵӰ죬ʴһҲͲôˡ
ҡҡͷַĿ˸ȷħ־Ѿ˵ǿƲסǾŽѾˡ
ǿܹѹסħħԣòħħۣħơ
嶯˶ַҪȴֻһ˺ѵʹ΢΢˵ֵȥ
Ϊ˴εô򵥣ڣʲôҪȥ룬úЩգǱҩָֻ⣬壬һᱣ֤ȫȫĸԭ
˵ַһַۣһΪȻǱҩסģǶԷʹʲôֶΡ
ҩʵÿ£ڵϣܷ˵Ϊ׸
˵⻰˾ת΢΢ţȥ
ַת˵ıӰ֮ʹóɵĿ΢
˵Ϊƺôǿ󣬺ͨһλߡ
úˣֻһҩʦѣеҩʦֲͬһҩʦ
˵ĴҲûַ˼ַ֪ΪҲ
ҩʦַ˵˼ƺеҩʦҩʦ
ҩֶΣȷʵȻܽԼȻңԼħһħ޷
ҩʦҵ͹ҩʦһְҵȷеĲһ
ַ㽫Ŀתأ̧ͷһŮʮ꣬ɾ㣬¶ɫ
Ůүүںַ˵ʲôƺַڣʲô㡣
Щ𣿡
Ů֪˵Щʲôַһ
ַ˵ͷ˲ܶ⣬
Ů¶һ˿ЦݣοַİɣүүڣƻȬģֻҪúϾͺˡ
ַ£ס
ϢȥүүҪ㰾ʲôҩȡŮܿȥַŲݶ˵ľ

һǼСݣַľϣŮιҩɫĻָһ˿Ҳôʹָ࣬˲١
˰ɡ
ַ΢΢ҡͷǻʣһ룬˵ҩʵ̫ЩַûгԹ˿Ķ˻Ҫܡ
УһҪȹ
Ůǿ˵ҩ׵ݵַߣַֻΣſ죬ҩȥ
ڣַڼ尾нһҩ£˿
ӣַŮߡ
ദһ죬ַҲ֪Ů֣ţǳŮ·ʶ˼ն
ɾ۾˸£Сŵ˵ͷãҷ㡣
˵ţСŲַĸ첲ַľַЦѣԴ̤֮ûԼôһ졣
վڵ֮ϣַ˼û£㲻÷ңҿԼߡ
Ŷ
Сɿַ֣㿴ǰĿɴż䵭֮⣬̤Ųûʲô⣬ֻЩľѡ
̧ţַһᶨǰţչľţַˣ߳˲ݣĿ⣬һֱǰ
ડડડ
ַһֱǰţǰķ羰ãͣ˽Ų³

Сݵ棬һƬɽɫɽɽҰ˵̣˲
ֻ֮£˷·øӵĳӵԼ׷
˿̣̤ĵطҲһɽϣɽһǣɽ壬ֻƬɽһ֡
ߡ࿴ȥ˼ȥ򣬲е⡣
˵ĴַĶУַ΢΢һߡ࿴ġȥۡȥ룬ȥ
ǵΪƫ֮ʱƽʦȥģΪľ
ɱĸأƽһ֮ɱɱ֮ɱһ赲ǰ֮ˡ
ȻħʴɱѾǰɱ괦Įɱˣȥġ
һУ·һѭһֻء
ŮСŰĴַߣҲͬɽĴ̣ôĸɾ
֪һ磬һ츳ߡΪϲҵҵ֣¶õЦݡŮ૵ƺ¶֮ɫǳǳЦݡ
ַܹܵŮĸ磬жôİ
ǣͻȻһ죬뿪ǣˣԶҶȥҺүүˡ
ŮٶȿڣǳЦǹɲ֮⣬ȴַһˣͻȻˣ


0572 
ŷڶԷַ·ܹܵŮıˣĸ磬ֻһôᣬӵкõ츳ÿ쿴ŮõЦݡ
ôһ棬Ůĸ磬һ꣬ȴͻȻˣ˺Ůܲˡ
ŮЦôĴ桢ɾ
˺үүʹ߱ÿһ䣬ɽдÿһοɫǲŻͣϢһǣƬɽҲһͣ˽Ųһʱ䡣
Ůٴο˵˴ƺѰɫѰ֮ɫ
Դ磬Ҹһᣬһ츳ң㻹ţʲô㲻֡Ųء
ŮתĿ⣬ַĮ۾ǸɾЦݣַ㾹һ֮⣬úõĻţΪָа˸ĸŮڵȴʲôʸ˵Įء

³ַ̧Ųĳǰ߳ԶƬ֮ɫȥ
ŮҲ̧ţƺҪȥ
Сš˺һŮĽŲһ٣漴عͷˣֻ˶ĵͷһȥ
Ůַһۣ漴ĵ˵ͷûиȥ
ַһ˻ţ߹ɽ£Ƭ֮ɫ
ĽŲɻȴƽһɽĸߴһɽ¶֮ء
ǰһƬ£Լһ޼ʵĴ̡
פƬַ̣㻺£漴£ƣ֮䡣
۾ַȥϢ
һɣһ֮ã˺ŮûƺѾ
ַǣԼҲǵԼ巭˶£Ӳȥ谭Ȼķַĺޱȵƽȣû˵ĺ
Դģͷ·һֱţƺһֱܼ١ܽȣûȻ˳ĺ
Էˡ
ʱһ漴ַСŵĽŲ
巭£ַſǣԶԶСܹŮһ뷹Уֱһƨǰ
һûԷûжˣҸĺóԵġ
Ůдʱһַ̲ס˿
ҰϬ⣬ˡŮ˵ű߽˵ַǰǵǳЦɲá
ַǣƺмּ͡
šСŽеݸַ㣬̧ͷ㿴ַһĨЦݣɫ΢΢һ͡
ʱַУûĮû飬ûаԵֻһƳЦɾ۾˶ʳûκɫʡ
硭硣
С૵ΰС³ַ¡
漴ַЦˣַŮԴϣݺݵ࣬Ůķ˿
ſҡ
Сֵĵַһۣʱ·תһĻǶôϤֵıУñ׽Ū
ôһã϶ְܿɡ
ַеĿȡȻֱ˺飬һݸСš
һһ롣
һһ롣
СŲĽӹַеݹĿ⣬̻ʵŮʣַ㲻ϵҡͷЦţȻԼҲǿš
Ա֮˱㶼ͷƺǳ㡣
ӺóšСƳԴַ㣬С죬ԵøĿɰ
ַҲƳԴŮ͵һЦ
Ůŷ֣ԭַЦݣĺЦһÿôĸɾ⡣
ҿһֱ𣿡Ůʵ
ַ£΢΢һĨЦ⣬һֱиá
һΪСַָҲָָһ飬һΪ
и翩Сſ˫֣պһַʵ磬һ֪ء
ַ㡣
ַ㣡С૵Цŵүү֪˸磬һܸ˵ġ
ҪүүҰƭô죿ַЦ
ģ㲻˽үүģʵ˭ȻĻҲɲôҩʦСЦŵ
ַ΢΢˵ͷҩʦˣΪˣĵزƣ·߲Զ̫ĳɾ͡
Ϊ˳ɾ͵ĻΪһʦԶһҩʦأ׷
ȻַҲֻ˵˵˼Ȼ֪ѡ˾ɼ˵ĵء
ߣǻȥүү
ŮַӴӵ漴СݵķСܹȥַҲָ˺ܶ࣬ûκε⡣
ŲҩŮַһܹɵ£ַ㣬ʱϴŸɾЦݣǻǵ·Ҫַ۾ַܹЦݣĸɾϣǿΣ˵Ҳһ˿֮ɫ
ǿӦԡ
еֻĵ㲦ַ㣬ȴû뵽ַôǹħĮָ֮߳ңͻң̫ѵˡ
ַŮߵ˵ߣַֻ΢΢Ŀ͸ϵл⡣
үүиˡ
Ů˵һ£漴Ŀַϡ
ͷ˼ҩݣһĬû˵ʲôֻǵĵ˵ͷ
ôүү㲻𣿡
СŶʵȴ˻̧ͷɣĿҲ¶һĨЦ⣬ַҲģڵԼҲС˵ȥĸ磬ӲҪҾ㣬ҲŽȹ֮ҲڿҶˣϣһֱˣԺĪٶòˣһѹס
ס
ַ˵ͷٴζ˹
ˣȥɣҪͷҡ˻˻ֵ֣ͷԼҩݡ


0573 
峿΢ɽ͸ż֮⡣
Сǰ˿˿ѽ촫ַҡ֮ϣĿ峿ʱֵ
ɽʣ׳־Ӣ۽ڣ
ʱ־Ҫ̤ɽӣ
κض౯ţձУΨѾ
ԶԶĴַ۾Ϳ֮£˱ҩ¨Զÿҹʱ֣˱ȥҩֱ峿Ϊʱ̣ҩʱ̡
κض౯ţձУΨѾ
ַе۾Զˣ¶һĨЦ⡣
ˡ
ǰַͣ΢΢ͷ
үү硣
һ촫ַһſŵʵ˫ۣӷ˳
磬Ҳ硣ҡϵַ㣬һЦ
ַ㿴ŵЦݣƺҲøɾУЦá
ȥϴһ漴صַߣַ磬ȥһ߰ɡ
á
ַ΢΢˵ͷǰַҡƶҡ֯ģмӣ׵ƶ
ַΪһĲҩڵǴڰ״̬ƶ㡣
ҡΣɽţַı۾ĸо
˽ҩ¨£뿪ӰЦҡҡͷҲаˡ
УһĨĹâ˸ƺ˼ʲô
磬ڸоôˣ
ҡΣַһ
öˡַЦŻӦ˲ҩĵȷоԼ࣬Ϊûܵʱ·ÿһë׶ںʵĿǷ紵ʱˬޱȣָоǳá
ַЩڴָ֮ΣȻǳɡ
үүҩһǰһģֻҪĵȴȫָͿˡ
Ц˵ʦõĵҩ壬ЧҩʦҩȫͬҪֱָﵽ״̬ҩӲҪַվ׾٣ûУѡַһĻָ
Сţүүʲôַ֡ͻȻʵ˾ԭ壬ڣȴ˵
죬졣
ŵһĿд飬г羴үүһֱˡ
졣ַðԵ֣Ҫ趯أƺ˵Ըȴ
ҡΣɽĶˣãạ̃Լƺ
ԶĳգȽȽƬ֮Уǳ޾ĳ
Ҫÿܺ͸һճͺˡ
ַҲĳģһƬ
ģԹط
˶һĬû˵ֻǰѵõ
ֱãգ漴ֻ£ƻĽϦ
ȻӰɲȥַҡ֮ϣ̫£Ҳַߣżӣѵõ
ֱ䣬ϼȥĻƬأŲַҡ뿪صݡ
ڶ̫ʱֻɽۣȥǷһֱ֮á
죬ַַҡΣԴϣŪַĳϴƤЦ
ʱַ嶯˶һ㶡

ַУһ³漴ֱվǰ̤һһᡢַƮƮĸоǳ
Сţվˡ
ַЦ£˫һգħ֮Ԫת죬ˬǳ
ȻԪԶûлָ۷״ֻ̬֪ʱϵѣԪûʧֻǱһҩҩһͷţڣԪͻĻָ
ķħȴãǧħ

ſַվҲ¶Цݣַԣվ֤ѾûˣһƶûУȫַָʣµģֻбΪˣҲָġ
磬ȥϢүүȥ
Ÿ˵ַ㣬Сݵķȥ
ַҲɱĸоӭķ紵øһЩȻֻж̶̵ļʱ䣬ȴ·Ѿܾûָоˡ
үү
ݣ˷ܵĺȴδ˻Ӧ
үүѾվˡ
˿˵ţȴûӰ¡
ѵүүȥҩˣ
૵ַЦ£漴ֿ˿ķ䣬ûˣ˵ȷڡ
ʱַȴ߽˵ķ䣬ľǰһСš
磬ôˣ
ССַߣ˳ַĿ⿴ȥ漴һͣ
ϣżĴ֡
ַ㣬չ˺Сš
үүҡҡͷŲˣ漴ų˷䡣
үү
ַ˳ȥֻĿĵĿţвͣĺүү֣ˮҲ˳¡
ģүүġ
аοԼʵʵѾүүˣˡ
үүִҪߣҵõġ
˺ܾãƺˣֱ˵ϣͷʹȥˣүүˡ
ַӺ氲ߵŮߣ漴ĺ棬ŮӱסĴŮԴ
ȻҲûϵ˻Ϣ뿪ûкһַҲףкĻ¾᲻Сˣֻô뿪
ַҲǲɣԼУӡŹ£ǸԼµˡ


0574 
ַһֱŵӣˮմʪָŵԴҲ֪˵ʲôܰοеŮ
磬үү᲻Զ
ŵ΢΢䶯ַĻгɹۡ
ַ̧֣ȥϵᣬЦ˵ģүүô㣬ôһȥأ֮Ȼ뿪϶ҪҪȵˣүүȻͻˡ
𣿡
źɵĿַ㣬ƺҪȥԣȥοԼ
Ȼġַ΢ЦĵͷСţǻǻȥɣүү˶㣬ܹõһЩϢ
үү˶ң
ϡַͷ
ǻȥַĻվַ֣ƺЩȲ³ɽϵĲݱȥ
ص˾סķ䣬Ȼű㿴ƺڷźüȻµġ
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ڷߵģƺһƤϸһַۣ㲻ɵһ㶣Ƥߣ˾ȻһƤߣӦǸ׼ˡƤȡַһһ飬ǺüƤߡⶫʲôַüͷ΢壬ƺмֲ⣬ΪҪüƬƤ
Ŀ⳯ұ߿ȥڷмģһ֮
Сţ㿴ʲôҲүүġַһЦŵ˵ͷҲûоܾȡǼ֮ʶУ˲֪صһУĿȴתַ㡣
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޶ԣòαװÿһ϶ʡϢǱһЩпܷ֣ȻϢķͲһˣԽ޵Ϣı䣬Ƥߣ˾ȫıˣһˣ˭޷ϳ
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ߺߣӦ˾䣬̲סСһֱǸүүģû뿪һ鵽үүߵĸо

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뿪Ѿȥ죬ҲӦ˲ڵӣַһ㶼żʱ
ֻҪַűԱ߿ţܰĿţ˵һ仰ȥַ㡣
ַڵԪڻĻָţȫָһκܳʱգ˿ϥǣĿıţ뵱С
һǿϢŶַϣħַ嵱Ʈõĺڰħ񣬳൱С
ſһĻĿⲻɵһַߡ
룬ַǹַ֮ģһħ񣬰ħ𣬷ħ֮䡣
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ſַ룬˸ͣһοģֹ֮ͼ١
ַ֮ʱ嵱һɺɫͣת·Զ֪Ϩ
ħ֮ڲͣѭСѭԼ졣
ַԺʶȫֵķħ֮ϣħ֮תͣøӵǿ
Ԫ⣬Ǳһħ֮
ַ֣һ˹˼άظӵĿ뷨ѲҲӵԶħ֮ٶȣ·ǿ˼֡
ǰ޷ħ֮ܶʱħ񶼲嵱гģ֮ͨ⣬й֮һԵĿŵţַԼţַ㲻ʲôģûܡ
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ŵһ˿ʣ˲ϢףƮ̫ˡ
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٣СſһǺŸˣԺĻҲҵǡ
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С֮ϣַ㽫һƤȡ漴Լϣߺ϶ôûа覴ã·þһһҩʦóҩߵı죬Ҳǳĸߡ
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ʵҲַԤϵַֻҪһ֣ںϿӺ̫ʦԼһʹƣҪֱӶɱ֣նɱ
Щַ㲻òܵȻƤԼתϢķûЩ治óȺҰС

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Щվڸ̨ϵӰһʷǷңǶӵһ
Щˣֱɽ۹ѩ¹ԼΪڵţգǲμѩѡһգմʱǱ㽫ǰѩԳǡ
ѩԳǣһĳǳأͬҲѩϵĳǳأӵĹżΣ٣Ҳʱл
ѩʮÿʮĴȵص㣬ҲǶѩԳǣκѩȵĳǳء
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ڣɽ۹Լ׼һѡĵӣ˭ҪǰѩԳǣ۹ԼߴˣҲͬһʱ̣ʱܻήԳǡ
̨ΧźƺƵȺհЩ츳ߵӣĿ¶ɫҲսѾȷѩѡǷ񻹻ᷢ仯
ȻҲ͸ս֮⣬ѡѾȷǲ׼仯ģֵǣϢɽ۹μѩȵˣʧԼˣҲʧٲ
ˣɽ۹٣󶨶μѩȵѩȣȺܲ


0576 ־
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Ȼ⻹Ͼ˴ȱϯѩȵޣֻ֮Ҳζţսʤ̨ϵĳһ˵ǿˣ֮䣬ҪսЩʤߵУѡˣӵѩȵʸ񣬵õѩȵ
ǰɽ۹Եǿ߶ɽ۹Щܳţ޶ǲ磬ûѩʸ񣬵ͬһЩɽ۹ţֻҪܹѩ¹ˣͬԻѩȵʸ
ǣл᲻ȥɽ۹Щǿš
Ȼģ˵Ŀ⣬Ͷѩ¹ȺЩˣ϶ɽ۹׶Ը
ʱһӰ˾޴̨ǰȺ˻֣ʱȺ˲ȫ׼ô˵
ڴĿ⣬ԽԽǿңμѩȣ֮£ѩУΣҲĻܹõǿ
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ܱѡвμѩȵˣȻûô򵥣Ʒֻ侳أһȭ侳֮ˣ׾٣˭ӡ
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0577 ȭͷ
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ʶЩվˣƺôöԸ
ҲЩˣĿɷ񣬶̨ˣȻƷʵԤϣˣҲƷһܾ֮ƣγǿ󹥻
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ұߣǿߣ˵ˣµʹΪͶ侳أһ侳֮ˣһȱˡ
ѩ¹֮ˣ׷򣬶޵ԻֱǰѩԳǣȱϯַʧ٣ѩ¹ȱˣʣˡ
ˣֻΪ侳ؾ磬һ˱ǰ˴ĩһǸղѾսһƷˣȫ侳ؾԼ侳֮ˡ
ˣȺϣüͷ˲ô侳֮ҪսβԾ
˽Ųǰƶһûк͸ղս֮һߵˣԵó侲˲١
ȴڴʱһӰȿ粽ս̨֮˵ĽŲ˲ͣս̨Ӱ
ȻҲһ꣬ɫȴ΢΢Щ֮ɫƺżֲ̬Ȼⲡ̬ݲûɥԱ෴ɫ΢ЩƵʼǳǳЦݣ͡Цݡ
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·ȺЩս̨֮ϵ˿⻺ӰҲ㶣ʵ̫ɫˡ
Ϣ΢ɫ͸Ų̬ƫƫЦݻ˵⡣
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ڣ˻ûŪףΪַϵϢ˵С侳ؾǰֻܲͣı⣿
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侳صһȭ൱侳ǿʹͨһȭ£һָͷܲϡ
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ʧˣַʼգûʹʲôصֻʵ޻ȭͷĶ⡣
ΪûκأַԵ˵ͻ

ȺĲţԺһӰַϢС֮һ˶ΪᱻŰɱ
ַǸһΣϢ֮⣬һΪԴ
ֻǣ̫ûпûпǿޣַ㣬Ǹࡣ
Ĺʱĸϵʧʿͨǹꪡ׵磬ǿ似ֲͨķֶΣΨټ
Ȼǽ쿴ˣֻзͨ˲ݻһʵǿޣʵ޻ȭͷһָѣûκԪâƣϳһ侳ǿߵĶ⣬öԷûС
壬һǺټʶ
ս̨ϵ꣬˿̶ϸַ
΢ЩƵϸϢô΢Цݣô峺ôĲá
ĸܵǲõЦݵУ̺ŵţȻɣһֹţŲ̬꣬ûлɹԼ˶ԲмӵĿȴЦںǿ֮ˣκĿ⣬ʵ֤һС
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Ʒ￴ַ㣬૵һһս˴һ⣬һϲ˵ϡ
ڶսҲȺΪⷢȻڶսȺ˿ȵһսҪһսʶޣһڣ֮ˡ
ַĿƿ٣λ֮ˣĿֻ꣬ҪݻٵĵʯѣַУǣŲϺţҲΪַʧٶе˷ܣΪַѾԶһҹӴ˽ʧ磬ǸûʶѾһֻţԨֻһٲ
̧Ŀ̨ϵһӰϣЩУѩ¹ַ֮Ȼϵãȫµףˣʹ
ɽ۹ǰƵ˶ڣ⣬ַ㻹˼ϤӰ
ǵһǧģôľޣվǣȺ˲ֱӡ
ұ߸һˣһͬϢŮӣģʱǹŵǳЦתﲨ֪˶˵ģ֪жˣǳĶ˶ġ
ַ𾪵վŮˣλм䣬ôױ˺ԡӡ
ַĿϵʱȴԼˣһˣվģᱻ˺ӵģԵúƽͨǹ¶ʣû˻оվλ˵мκεĲг֮·͸վǸλãվŮм䣬ȺĽ㡣
ңַҲ
ǳмַ㻹ǵһŮޣ侳Ϊ˵ãַȴôš
⣬ַ㽻Ѫݵ˸ַ㣬ǳЩǿӰģ֮꣬һ
˿ַ̿Ȼ뵽һ֡
ҡɽ۹һˣĪϧ


0579 ʤ
ѩ¹޵˴֮ףԵ˳߲츳ף˲塣
Īϧɽ۹һˣûǾİԵƺŵЦ⣬ƺͨȻǹʣȴΨϸȥõ
޵;Īϧˣ֪˭ǿһ֣
ַףʵ޷սʤ˵ģĺģǿ١
ַ̧Ųߵս̨һԣȺĽָƽһĨ߳һǵǰ
ս̨֮ϣֻƷ侳ΪƷ֤ǿƺƫСȴΪûץסᣬַռȻܣˣôڣȻǲսģͺԣҲᱻϿɡ
ʣµˣ侳أߵǿˣҪԸˡ
ҲôģҪȥƴ
ԡ
ʱһӰ粽һĮ̤ս̨֮ϣֱָָѩ¹һźɫ֮һ
ˣ侳Ϊѩ¹ӪУַ㣬Ҳ֪ݡ
ǱָһĿ䣬ޱȣ̤߳ϣһɰԵ֮ŶɫԽԽ
Ϣ
ȺĿ΢ˣվ˸оķ߳ɷӰԵǿˣȫ¶
̨սͬĮкâ¶ǿҵս֮⡣
֪Ǻһõ֮ˣĵɡ
ս֮Į³һĽ⿪ϱŵİ棬ȻһӶ͸ŷ֮ĵϣһ˯
Ǻõ
³һ֣ȴ䣬ĵҵĵʣʱؼѪһ̣ῴҵĵ
̫Դˡ
Į֣֮֮Եÿ綼ХΧ·γһɵ֮ڲͣĹιת
ӵϣҲͬʱһҷ磬ɫ죬϶͸һɳŵɱ֮
սɡ
ĮŲ˲Ϣһնɱûκεԥ
𡭡
һն䣬ŭ֮ϵŵ·ˣõ֮Ӱźצȥ·ҪԷ˺ѡ
ն
ɫĮ˫ֻУâնֱ֮ӱѡ
ȻʱĮȴٽ壬һԾ֮նɱٶһΣ֮Ӱŭ𣬳ź˺ҧȥҪ˺ѡ
ӽŲ΢΢һ̤棬ˣѸޱȣϣȫǿֲԪâ
¡¡
΢΢ţһµԪ֮նɱȥЩӰնӰӰǳĿ죬׽͸
ɱ
һĮ˳ֻ徹ȻûмٺˣǳǰɱȥڤӰŲԪ֮ͣնɱȥ
壬ԽԽĮꡣ
ĮĵߵǰԵɣӣƮݣĵһǳ¡
Ҳ忿Įʱ򣬾ն֮ʱ
ȻûеסƮݵԼһδնɱԪ֮ĮԽԽڣһĨ˸Ʈݣ쵽£˶ֻ˹⡢ûп
һ֮
Įɫ΢䣬Ԫ³ֲĵ֮Ϣǿޱȣ֮תŶԷĵ˸ȥȻֻ͵촫֣֮һ𻬹
ǱҶĵĮʺһҪĲӸѡ
ڴʱĮоͻأʧһĨЦݣаЦ
ѣ
ŭһ̼䣬󵶾ֱѿˣһгźӵԴɱȥľ̫ˣǺִҪնĲӵĻԼҲɣң˭һ
ɫѿ˲˾һ峯ЩдϿղҲͬʱֻһɴĵˣһУʺ
ģĮһĮа֮Ц
ˡĮ³һǺɫɭ㾹ʹֶΡ
ֶҲʵһ֣ԼԴ󣬹˭֮սѾˣ˭ƽʲôֶΡ
ĮЦöԷĿ΢
Ұˡ³һӸо޹⣬ѩһڶսܵˣˣͰ
Į꽫ջأ漴ŲĿߵַߣǵڶѩʸˣֻҪѩȣ㽫֡
ˡ
ȺַĮʤʱȼ֮ȺУв侳ΪǿߣַʤΪβܡ
ѩ¹һв侳֮ˣ⣬ǱߣҲв٣ЩˣǵĿꡣ
սĲܣսҪ˻ָ۷ſɣˣȺֻѰĿ꣬УЩվ̨ϵˣܶ඼
ʵϣҲȷս̨ȥԼе
ʱ֣һսѾаսˣȫսʧܵˣȻսɹҲв٣ַĮ֮սʤˣǣҲӵ˿ѩȵʸʤǱվ̨ϵһҪǿ
ˣʤûټսˣʣʤҪߣЩսˣǶ֮ˡ
ʣµ£ǴУѡˣˣԴɽ۹һμѩʮʢᣡ


0580 սַ
ѡˣζˣ̭
˴ս֮ߵǰĿ˸ţ漴ʵΪ˭Ӧṋ̃
ʻ£ǵĿתգǵĿģϡ
ʤˣַ㣬ԼĮꡣ
ǿַȻǿҵӵкǿ壬ȻַԸˣ侳֮ƺȡɵĳɷУǻһˣַܾûôʤˡ
ңַ֪óȫȡսʤַ㣬ԸһԪϢ΢ޱȣûе֮ˣƺ̫ķ
Į꣬Ȼսʤ侳֮ˣȴӵг䲻ĳɷУ齣ֶβʤģˣġսʤ侳֮ˣǶΪַĮ꣬Ӧṋ̃
֮Ҳ˳ȺĿַĮϣ漴ЦЦұ㲻λʱˣȻΪǶ̭ܼ򵥣˭Ըеһսʤ̭ǣܣԼֻ̭Ҫս͹ˡ
˵Ļ£ȺĿһ򣬵ȷܼ򵥣ˣһ˺ַս̭һ˺Įսͬǰ̭սͿ̭ˣʣˣμѩȡ
ȻһԵȱ©ǣУսˣֱӽˣҪ̭ΣգĻ˭ԸȥսأַĮǱΪġ
ǶĬ˵ϹȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǲԸѡǣұѡеһˣһ
ֶΡ
Ⱥаһַ϶ˣôˣԼվסȥѡַԼĮ˭ԼĶ֣ڶ
Ͼղ˵սҶĿˣǿ
սɣұѡˡ
ʱ˵һָ߳Į꣬ûѡַ㣬ַϢ΢ֻǿַչ¶ʵԣпܻ﷭ˣѡĮս׼֡
ʵϣѡûдյʤģ֪ĮȡֶΣս֮ʱԼӷֻ˰ʱ䣬㽫Էˣ˳õѩȵ
ʣһˡ
ȺĿȫַϣַ㣬ΪȺĽ㣬ֻҪһ˺ַһսѩȵͽȫգѩԳǡ
ַ㣬ܷΪ֮һ
ܶ˶󿴺ַ㣬ǿкֶܶοԶԸˡ
սɡ
ȻʣµУһַָĿ͸ţȻʣַһˣͺðˣַܹ𣬶ѩȵ
͸ղ˵뷨ͬΪַ㣬սʤġ
ַ㿴ָԼ꣬һɫղŵսַҲˣóģٶȡ
ٶȣҪˡ
վʱȺоַûϣǿ󣬱ٶȣ˵ĻᶼûУⳡսĽ֣һַܡ
ãǶˣսɡ
˷׷ÿѩһͽַʹ֮пܵģɫꡣ
֮˿ַ㣬һĨŵЦĿڵѾҵս֮䣬ûһǳأҲףұ㲻㣬Լѡ˳ɣѩȣսҲκϣġ
ַԷĻо΢ЩЦ⣬Ƶϣ͸źǳЦЩϤ˶ϳˣ˿Ų̬ǴЦݵӣǰɫ㡢ɫʣɷꡢַ㡣
˵УΪҲİɣ˵ҲμѩȲϣΪʲôϣ
ַЦЦĿŶԷһ֮˵ɫһ漴ɨַһۣȰ㣬Ǹᣬȴ˲֪ôѵΪƾܹķˣ㣬ܹһһ𣿡
£ֻ˵˸Ӱ˲Ϣַࡢ󷽡Ҳַ࣬ǰȻֺ˻صԭλã磬쵽˼顣
ÿٶȡȺһ䣬ȷַõѡ
Ŀַ㣬ӦӦǶ֣еֿ𣿻ǸղǾ仰ңս
ӦӦң㣿
ַ۾˸£ŶԷ¶һ˿Źֵɫ
漴ַ嶯ˣŲǰһ֮ɫһ䣬ַ㣬ǲ֪
һ̣Ŀ΢΢һַֻԣӦ˵õַ㣬ַ֮䣬ͻȻַ塣
ӰǲӰ
ģ
Ķ֮֮˱һ޴ϣֱӲ෭һ鵹˵ϣƺһѪ
һ⣬ϣҲ·Ⱥϣġ
ٶȣҲп죿
ַվ֮˵ǰűһ˦ڵϵӣЩ㵵³һȴȺ֪Ǻζ
֮ˣ̧ͷĿַ㣬ٶȣܿ죿
㣿
ַһ̲֮ס³һѪʲô裬ܱһøӵǿҡ
˵ٶȺܿ졢˵ַ˵ַַӦӦ
ڣַٶߣöⴥȴӦûзӦͱ鵹˵ϣһУ·һЦ׹ԨЦѡַս


0581 ֮
ˣ˰ܣʣˡ
˴ѩȵȫַ㣬ģ֮⣬ˣʵǳǣЩ˶ʶǣΨַ㣬ճһǿ
γ֣ζĶ⣬ͬĶ֮Ⱥ
ַ㣬Ϊأ˿͸˴˿ڲ²⣬ˣ˭ӵǿǰû֪
֮˴˿˹΢΢˵ͷˣմʱɽ۹ѩԳǣϣѩȵ̨ܹȡҫ
˶˵ͷַĿ˸¶һĨâһݣѩȵУ
ˣĳȣѩȣǱΪûлᣬֻԳг䵱һڣȥս̨緢ҲΪеһԱò̫ãǱҲһվѩȵ̨֮ϣҫ֮ԡϡ
ǣʲô֣
˶ַһ˷׷ױԼڣ˵Ŀ⣬ַϡ
֮˵Ŀ⣬Ҳַϣ֮ˣǺˣ
ַҲƵɫɴǳǳЦݣſ죬ַ³֡
ҽУַ㡣
ַ㡣
ַ㡭
˵һѩ¹֮ˣĿʱˣҲַ㡣
ϸĿַ㣬ַֻɴǳЦĿ⿴֮ˣûа쳣֮ɫ
Ƶɫ峺Цݣ·Ǵ߳꣬ȴӵһֲб̬ٶȡ
ַ㣬Ŀ⵭ĮȻѱŵȺҪ뵽һ𣬵ȴʼ޷غϡ
ˣȫͬˣǵЦ˵Ĳͬңַ㣬Ԫɲ˵С
ַ㣬ԲǱַ㡣
ַ㣬ӦѾˡ
ЩҪַļͷ⣬ǿ׷ɱǲַܲ
ˣҲַ㣬Ŀ˸һʹƣĿзâ˸Ƭ̺ƽϢ
ַ㣬Ǵˡ
һַ㣬ȤĿַ㣬ЦЦĵһַ츳ҲǳȴͻȻʧ٣鱨ºѲ˸ϵ񣬾ֳһַ㣬ңƺҲȤ
ʱΨƷĿһֱַ㣬Ŀ˸ƺַǳȤ
ַ㣬á
֮΢΢˵ͷٶһЦҪմʱǰѩԳǡ
˵գת뿪ߡ
ѩȵѡȫȷսҲȺҲ½ɢȥĿݵĿЩս̨ϵȺЩˣսԶȵ˶
ַҲһ뿪ˡ
·ϣŸɾ۾һΧˣַ磬ôԭ֡
ȻƫСҲǱˣַ˵Լ֮ʱ˿ַ񶼱òһȻЩˣӦϵַģңкпַܾĳңû뵽ַ㾹Ȼǰ
ˣϵó𡣡
ַŵЦ⣬ŵԴòԼʣǺǳ׽ˣ¶ϲ
ַŻǰУǰĵطȻѩ¹˾סݡ
棬ƺݵأ֪ûгʲô⡣
𡭡
Զһ֮ԶԶĴ֮ŭ
ţ
ԶĺַĿ΢΢һ̧ͷԶȥ
ȥˡ
𡭡
һ˻֮Զһȫԡڳɫ浱еӴӰ֣ӰϣɢޱϵİԵϢ˫֮ɫ˸䣬ޱȣֻ˲Ϣַǰ
ӰȻϹ֮Ӱ
磬档
ַ䣬˵Ҳϵ档
ǵģȷ档
ַ΢΢ͷֻӰͣڰյУ˶ַ㣬ûмƶˡ
ַ㾪ȵǣıϣһӰʶӰƷ
ƷƺҪȵݣ涼˳
ַһʱٶȷһ޺֮ǰŲȥ
Ʒ㲻̫ĪΪҲҶ㣿
ʱԶһֲĺյг˲ӰǺַ֮м־ȡ
壬Ȼ壬׷Ʒ
Ҵûо㲻Ҷֻǣ棬ӵУϲҲϲΪԶߣҴ涼ԡ
Ʒˬʵַͫһ
壬ռΪУ
еӰͣƷûмܣվڸ߿֮ϣϲ̤֮ӰԵݡ
棬棬ȥô˵ĪҪǣȻ沢ӵУȷǸҵģԺҲᡣ
ĮĻӦ˵Ϲ棬Ϊ֮ˣܲϲ
ַ˵ĶԻĿ⽥亮壬棬ΪУ˵ġ
ַ㣬ڻûأ壬Ҫ޻顣
һĨ⣬壬֮ˣҪַַʧ٣Ҫ޻棬ҪռݣΪġ
ɱˣҪޡ
ַĮǣɺǳЦвƬϿյӰЩˣ඼ѩ¹һȺ
ѩȻδʼƺΪ¶ۼ
ƺǲַĿ⣬ͷɨַһۣ漴ֽĿƿûٿַ㣬Ȼַս̨С𺳣Ҳֻ˶ѡ


0582 Ŀ࿴
Ǻǣ˵˰ɣޣַ֮ޣѩ¹֮ˣ˭˲֪ǰַڣҲû˵ģַʧ٣ȴ˵ȻĪַʧйأ֪ˣ
Ʒ￴壬˵ɫԽԽ䣬ƷƺǴҪ£ȥ
Ʒ侳Ϊ׻侳صǿߣ츳ѩ¹֮ˣͬ磬ҲԸΪ㣬ҲĪҪôߣҪɱһ侳֮ˣûġ
ĮвһƷٸһλᣬſ
û˵ɱңˣŵóԦޣҪǣַֻٺͰɡ
ƷЦ漴һ뿪ϣ彵ڵء
ʶȤ
Ц漴˫ͫ׶棬Į³һ
𡭡
˶ͫһֱ壬ȴδֺƺԸȥߡ
һͷһоһ޴޻ֱ֮ϡ
ǲĪҪҲ
Ӱ˸滺̤˫ͫףԽԽ䣬Ϲޣ˭˲ϲɴû뵽ܹӵһͷϹޣĵ̣ͷϹ޻ԽԽǿʱս˭档
𡭡Ŀޱȣ壬˶֮ɫԸ
Ű㣬ǲԹԾͷˡ
ЦŲһԦȦлſ׼Ҫ涯֣һΣԳԿͷ治ŰΪֹ׵ޣǰһҪĥûаƢ
ʱͻȻһͳĺ޴ͷ­ĵ£͸żΣ棬Ը⳼
ԭҲ֪¡
һЦеԦȦӶʱԦȦţУȻĽСС
һȥ
ŭһһ磬̤ıϡַһͺ֮漴Զ뿪ȥѸޱȣ֮ʱ˶Ŀַһۡ
뿪ʱѩ¹Ҳ׷뿪ˣΨƷɻڡ
Ⱥ뿪֮Ʒ̧Ų壬ַڵķ򻺲ַ̤΢мֲ죬ЦƷ
ַ㡣
ƷЦźһַƷ΢ЦŵͷĬûлػڵӦǲ֪Ʒġ
ַ㣬㵹ܳסޣ㾹Ҳܺ޷Ӧ
ƷߵַߣЦ£ĻַͫһͷЦһâ
ҵޣ
̧ͷַйɻɫƷ
㲻ңҪ˵ȥĻղűѾ˵ȥˡƷЦŵղţս̨Ҿͻˣ˿ǰȥ͵˳˵۾ƭˣޣȴƭˣ濴ɲǣȻͲһˣֳ֮෴ֳЩ¶Ѳϵɡ
ôļһ
ַ㾪̾ƷĶ۹⣬ܿ죬۾ָֻǳЦáµ峺ǳЦ
˵ʲôҶסƷ￴ַҪڣ˰ֵ֣ߣַ㣬Ҵȥһط
ʲôطַһ
壬ûʸȥĵطƷһЦ漴ǰŲַ㣬ҲŸȥܺ棬ʲôطûʸȥƷȥַȥ
Ӱڵϲͣ˸Ʒַ㲢Уû̫żƶš
Һܺ棬֪ҵģ룬Ҳδ¶ʲôɣ˵²ģ̫ǿɣҲš
ƷߣַĿ΢΢ƳƷһɲףƷôǡַ㡯
ܼ򵥣ȻϢʣòıˣǣһЩɵϰߣǲô׸ıģͷ֮ʱϲһüͷ˫һüữһ֣֮ʱҾѾʼˡ
Ʒĵ˵ַ㣬˵ĺƽһкܸܶˣȥַȥ룬ˣȫ޷غϣȻеĻɣȴˣղſһĻȥ˳漴ͷţߵ㣬Ȼȵˣ޿ɲƭˣ֮󣬹Ȼ̾Ͳͬˡ
ַ㻺Ʒ˵꣬ƷԽԽ߿ˣˣĲ츳
ֻһˣܣȻ֪ǡַ㡯
Ȼ㻻һˣôϣҲƤߣ⣬Ϣ֮ɻǣǹϢǿȴûм٣ô޷⡣
ƷüͷҲ΢΢ţվҲв֪֮¡
ԺȻ׵ġַһЦҲûлش˸ɣַ㷢֣ƷĵطһΡ
Ƽңйľ¥еľƣƷҺ
ַ΢Щ⣬Ʒĵطй
գս֮ǻû뿪ıһЩ˷룬ǰйһңЩŵ˶ӵ룬ΨôһȻҲСĽѡУΪԼƺ䣬ֻһˡ
Ʒ˵һԭҵλš
Ʒ˵ûʸҲ˼壬֮У벻ĵ۾μӴ˴ξۻʸûС
ôַҲ棬˴ˣԺΪ׼
Ʒ磬ȴΪһˣ


0583 
йھŲ֮ϣַ̤֮ʱߣֻʮˡ
ɽ۹ˣˣоĪϧġġ巡ڰִˣͬɽ۹֮ˣѪѪǹ
ѪѪ飬һѪ̽£Ѫɱ˳ΪѪӣɽ۹
һ˰ǹһǹ£ͣϢǹǹԵޱȡ
ˣ֮ˣѩ¹ֻһ
˷ֱǵһʹƣԼĵڶʹ
ѩ¹ΨһһˣټϱƷҲˡ
Ⱥ֮У޵δɽ۹ѩһƺڶǿȻ
Ʒĳ֣ȴЩ⣬Ͼǰû˵֣ƷƺֻǸֻѩһЩµİ˴ӵС
ȺʶƷģǲǰһսشƣһȭ侳֮˺ɳȥ
ȻƷϾΪ̫ˣˣ侳أǿΨƷһ侳صˡ
ңȺǣƷ˵ȴƬ̣˹ַԼַš
ƷƼҵйΪεˣ
Ǹһ
ƷǸһЦԵøѡ
ַ㣬λҲѾʶҺַǳͶԵҲѣһˣСĪ֡
ƷֶǸ˵΢΢˵ͷûж˵ʲôȻ˶ѾˣҲַܽ뿪ңַ㣬ҲΪ档
񣬾ɽ۹֮ˣԶʱڵǿ幦Ѿʧʣ֮޷ﵽߵľ磬̫ܵȵһҲõĹȥ滻޷ʵǡ
ΪЩԭԽԽ٣ַ㣬һ⡣
ҲòϣַȷʵǿǲʹԪֻƴУûַĶ֣Ȼ˭ɵȥԪַƴ塣
ڳλУΪ඼侳ϣʹǿһЩ似ͨǿƻԻ侳صļǿߣʹǿ侳ذصҪַҲֻ侳ضѣ̫ˡ
ԣַս̨˲Сĺ䶯ҲЩӣصģʵ
ɡ
Ķָ£˱Ҳ׷
С֮ŮΪ˴ȣĳȴǿĳЩ˵Ϊ
ʱĮɨƷһۣĵƷСǰѾǳˣʵӦҲŶԣģȴһ˹ΪˣʸйĵھŲ𣡡
ƷԷĻҲŭϴһĨǳЦŵʵˣСˣ
ƷﶥײĻĿⲻɵһͣҲ΢һƺ⣬ƷôĵӣĪΪս̨ʤһˣ˲ô
˵ûʸھŲ㣬ҲֻΪѣСȻңŻһǰСΪһΪûʸĻ̱뿪ƷҲھȵͼһˮҺҲͬǿͣԼЩΪ𣿡
Ʒﵭ˵ʼպЦ䲻˵
ֲԼƤҪһƣαص
ַѩ¹ʱ򣬾ɱ侳֮ˣҲһʱչȥΪûнҲȹһЩûʸ
ߡƷѵɵɫ΢磬ʵΪУƷΪʵȻΪ𣬵ƷﾹҶ˲ôĵӡ
ҵҪһϢ΢侳磬ֻһԼһЩٶȣʸƾʲôĮ˵͸֮⣬ĿⶢƷһĳǹ̳֮ѹƷϡ
ƾʲôҪʲô
Ʒ֮ܵѹȣɫҲ΢ƢٺãҲӶơ
ʲô
һ仰£ھŲż䵱бøİ˵ǺܵԼλÿ֣΢мֲ죬ƷǺеʶͰǹԣ˿ð֣ϲ
ʲôҪҵǹ𣬻ߣһϣ
վĮ˵ڳɽ۹Уĩ͸оЩ̧ͷ񣬾ܵƷƣȻ޷סƷҪĻһڶ
һϣ
ƷЦַ㿴һַֻۣʱƿƣ֮£ַ㿴һۣ΢ЩƵϣɴŲõЦ⣬˸оܺ㡣
С㣬ҺҵǺȲϰߣ֪ܷϼԪҾƷζһ
ַ㻺˵һΪ죬ַ㣬֪ԪҾƣ
ң˿ַƱеľƿǱȷԪҾƺã˵Ȳϰߣо֡
ֵˣҲСּԪҾһƷˬ˵ַʧǰƺַ࣬ǰԸ񣬵裬˵Ѿˡ
˿ַ㣬Ʒơ
磬ҪҲһ
ŵ۾գգַ̲סϵľͿˡ
Ŷͷ
µĿˣȤƣȻȱ
ϼԪҾơƾ˵һ漴ǰϣؿ֮ɫľƺֱӳǡ


0584 
ɫƺʢģǷԪҾơ
λ롣
ֻӶʱƷֱַԼƷȥ
ƺתȴƽȵûеξȴӺзɽΪ档
ȺĿⶼһǵҪƷַ㣬νƺת֮£ֻҪ΢ƻ˾ƺƽ⣬еľƱȻɽ
лСˡ
ƷһƺǰɲͣתתٶȴûֱֹͣƷֽסƺǰǿ
ַ㣬ûôˣǷľƺһգʱ֮ƴӾƺзɽȺĿⶼһһĪֻɡ
ڴʱַȴſ죬ֻǷɽľƾһߣͣķС
ַĺͣҾ¶ǡ
˻þơ
ַ죬δƺȴûеξȫˡ
ڴʱַڣŵԪ͵궯ţַͬȼһ㣬ǳȣܵԪַȴ˵˳֮С
֮ԲҺҪѡԪҾƣҪþȥԪҩסԪٽԪĻָ
С㣬һƲˣ֪Ƿ
ַ΢ЩƵϾһ΢죬ſտյľƺַ㿪˵
һ
˵Ŀⶼַ㣬ԪҾƿң¶ǣԪ෭ƷζЩζַһһģȴǼô侳֮ˣ»ᱻֱӷ
ַ㣬ȻҪ
֪˿̵ַҪľǷ٣Ҫǹɿµ֮ȥ̼Ԫ
ʱվŵǣȴԵЩַôһͣ˶֮ˣͲվżĲɫԽԽ
ĿַһۣЦƣҴȱ
˵գӣʮԪҾơ
ֻ£ٿһԪҾƲͣĳľ֮ϡ
ٶȻӶʱһԪҾƳַȥ֮ơ
ַ֣һ촫ƺѣַһʱ֮ȫУǾźųһУͣյС
ꡢꡭ
ȺֻеľƺͣѣǷԪҾһŵĻߣͣӿַС
ʮԪҾƣȻڶݵʱ䱻ȫַ㣬һʮԪҾȫȹ
ʱַֻϻģͨޱȣ·𱻻չ
ͣĹһͣĴַðȡ̫ˣʱַоںһſµĻ棬ȼѪҺ
ԪҾƣȷʵ̫ˣַɸоԳܡ
ȺҲˣĿַ㣬ʮԪҾƣ侳صǿһУҲܲסɣַ㣬ֱˡ
ƴ˿Ҳܲס˰ɡ
Ⱥַɫϵıãȫǻ֮ɫҲһ

ֱ³һַ㣬Ⱦ壬ԪҾƷʮԪҾͬʱȥȥԣ»ṻǺַ㣬֪
ַĻͷͻȻ̧һ֮â
þƣ
һַ³ֻſ£¡һ죬һɿµĻͻȻͷţͻأûаס
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ܵɻ֮ӦŲһͻĻ̫ˣ˲併٣һڻֱ˵ϣȵ˵֮ͣϾһƬϵȼõĿ⺮ǣһڻ澹һھϡ
Ŀ⽩ӲȺĿҲסˣĿַ㡣
ַ㣬ûˣֱӶŵ³һھ
Ʒ¶һĨЦ⣬һҲûио⣬·֮֮£ַ¡
Ҳ侳ΪѣЩɽ۹ĩβûлȨҪַ㣬ַ㣬ܴӦ
С㣬ȷʵǺþƣܷһЩ
ַ峺дһ˿Цݣƺм󡢲˼Ǵżֻۣ֮ΪȤ
£һ˼ڣԪҾƣ䲻ھŲľźҺҲѵõƣܹۻ湦֮ΪãһܹؿԪԪ硣
ƣΪֱַʮѾǺܶˣ˼Ҫ
ַǷ·𱻻ȼչɸɾ峺۾ȴ˿˷УƺȤ
㻹źȾƣ
ʱһԵĵ³һǳ䣬ַ㣬һھϣǱŵģǺȾƣ
ַɨ˵һۣûᣬĿתġ
ȴĵѵ¶һĨЦ⣬ַƣǼֵƣȻˣʮ
ʮ
ַ૵ƺмֳɣȺһȻһˣ
ҿԺ㻻ַĿڵ
ȴҡҡͷƼƵľƣģһʮѾˡ
һٺһóȼֲ֮Ƽҡ
ʱһֱĬľĪϧͻȻˣȺĿֶһĪϧҪַƣ
ңһٺ
ĺַ㶼ܲ죬Ŀ⿴žĪϧĵ˵ͷȻô˵ұһء
׼һٺԪҾơ
ӣ³һַĿһͣû뵽ܵõôķԪҾƣ˴ΣҲǲˡ
лл
ַžĪϧ΢΢ͷȻĪϧҪͣգ


0585 
Īϧַͷʾ⣬漴С㣬һٺǱãʮҲԷԪҾƵζΡ
á
ĵ˵ͷô£ʮԪҾơ
£ʮԪҾĽַ㣬˾Īϧȴ΢Щɻ󣬲֪ĪϧΪν¡
ԪҾƣҲƷζһĪϧһЦһǰַ΢΢ʾ£漴ֱӶԺַһһڣһ
ƺãҲַһЦƵݸߵƷ漴ҲԹ˵ĽһһڵĻŰܲˣֻʹ졣
Ȼ鶼ôãȻҲҪǡ
ƷЦ£ĽӹַľҲ
һĻйĵھŲ˼ֺж֮
ΨһԵĵɫԼĪϧôˣһ˷ͶԵ
òҪȵ²źá
³һַǻȵһ⣬ɨ˵һۡ
С㺰λˣɲΪ˿ġĪϧɨ˵һۣƽ˿ȴõĿһϣɫ΢Щͨ졣
Īϧ۹һˣҪŭֻһƽǿ
ңƺƽʱ¶ʣɻ˸ܵһεѹ֮
λνǴ˴Ǳ꿡ܣԱƣϣһ֮ѩȵ̨ųâҲ˵һ漴Һ
Ļ£̼ÿһӵض˵ϣȫ˾źƣƿҺ
һĻȺĿȫһƿҺһҺǷ𣿻˵Ƽҷˣ
ϷŵҺ˵ԽԽƼңҺˡ£ġ
Ͼ˵ˣӵܣһҺ޷ǣȴ㹻һݼ䣬ЩΪгɣҲǼƼҵĶݡ
ַ΢΢һЦƼңȷʵˣǷǰԣһεͶˡ
һҺλ˶һҺŻδܹɣڳ֮ʣƼԸλÿ˾źҺλΪһ
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˷׷׳֣Һǵ˿ҲŭסˣûмȥҺԶסˣΪΪҪ
ֻҪʵǿ󣬶Ըַ㣬֮£ȵѩȵʱôԸַ㣬û⣬ַɱˣԱ֮衣
ַ㿴ǰϵľƿҺ͸Ż¶һ˿Ц
ƿҺȷüͻΪϴǷ˾ƿҺΪͻƵġ
ϧѾùһΣٷãûôЧˣƿҺ÷󣬶ˣȴǿΪˣܲЦ
ȻܹõƿѵһҺվǺ£ãҲԸԼ˷ãΪ硣
ҺѾùˣҶԣǱȻˣұ͸Сðɣ˵ˣǶõջ񡣡
ĪϧӶϵľƿҺƮȻȫƽȵַߵϣȺһ㶡
Īϧ¹ȻϣƿҺεȵȻֱӻּ͸һλһμ֮ˣҲֻоĪϧֱˡ
ַҲе⣬Īϧô֮ãٺԪҾƣžƿҺ
ллλ硣
ĺһ峺Ŀ¶һ˿Ц⣬漴͵͵ĿַһۣͽеһƷǰֱȺһȻ
ȻǵѾͷȻֱҺ
磿ƾƺһ
ĪϧһЦâ˸Уһö
СȨɡĪϧһӣöҲƮŵϣǵϾЦݣϲڵ磬̫١
Žп£һ㵭Ĺ˸֮ϣ͸˿˿⡣
Ԫ֮񣡡
˵ͺıĪϧŴԪ֮
ȱǿûһ˲õ
Ԫ֮񣬹˼壬Դ洢Ԫ֮ս֮ʱԪľɽڵԪã൱ڹԪ
ͬǣԪʹ꣬Ԫܹ֮һֱʹãܹ洢Ԫ֮ҪƷˡ
Ҿˡ
Ц˵һ漴˲ϣԵø䡣
ĪϧҲЦˣˣԺϣһֱϡ
˵⻰ĪϧɨȺһۣЩ뷨֮΢£е뷨ˣĪϧȻھǣǣòҪ⡣
磬㿴ô
Ŷַʵ
ַŵԴЦܺÿúʣ˺ƣҲҪ˲Ŷԡ
ַ˵ָָϵ˺Һ
죬ԵЩ㵣ֻǳһѣ˺ҲҪһˣ
ʲôϿ춼ҺˡַһۣźҺҪһòźá
ŶáŲĵ˵ͷ漴һİ˺ҺҲ˶УȺһգΪˣջķᡣ


0586 
˺¶ǣŵ΢죬룬Ҫ˯Ű㡣
ַ㣬źһ磬Һ

ַȺҲһĿţ
˾źҺΪҪ˯Žı
ַҾźҺȻ֪ζźҺ¶ǣӦ̨ʹˬŶԣʱûͻƣʱŵǺãȻ˵
Цҡҡͷַ㿴۾ҪϵŵĻ˯ɣұȥ
á
ַĻ¶һ˿ɾЦݣ漴ַļϣĿ˯˹ȥȺЩѵǷҺ״̬
ַ㣬СãǺأǵҵһηþźҺ֮ʱǻ಻ԣҧſͻΪ
ĪϧҡͷЦŵķӦ̫ˡ
ҲʵԭɡַȻ֪ҺķӦĪϧɲὫ֮˵ĻǸ߱Ҳù˲²ⲻȴһ²ģϾϴǴĵ߾źҺġ
ĪϧĻȷʵҺûЧֻŮԭĪϧ˵ҺͻˣǷú󼴱㲻ͻƣҲʹΪǰԽһѩȵ̨ϣʱΪǿһ㣬
ڴʱַͷž˯ˣϣһϢ¶·һתȺͫ׶һ
ҲУ
Ⱥ˿ţڵתϢǾźҺãת˯ҲõĪĺô
Ⱥ⣬ĪϧַĶסˣô
ҺƼƣĶû˵⹦Ч˯˶ʹԼת̫ˡ
ѵùʲôܽҺҩЧס漴ҩЧɢΪ֮ã
Īϧһַɫһùʲô
ͨٲݣʹòҩ֮µ״ָ̬ǰһҩϵ裬ַ㲻ȥɣ˵ŷʲôһϸɵģԲҩıСŵʣþźҺȻ˯ҺҩЧת
ʵ˵Ļֻ˵ϸŷõҩҩЧѹźҺҩЧҺҪ
ϣʲôˣ
ַ骵һͨٲݣҽ־ǹԪȼƷҩȴͻȻ뿪ʲôû¡
Ͽϲı裬Ҳ·͸żֺ˵ڳȥĸ磬Ǹַ͸о·ŸǰҲǷǳ˵á
Īϧ˵ûжܹѹҺЧĪϧѣ̱ҲˣΨֿˣȻˣôַԼŮҲͨأھѹźҺı
ַ㿴ĪϧĵĿЦ£˵Сţүүҵһλǰλǰͨٲݡ
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Ҳĵ˵ͷΨƷַĿ˸¡
ǰˣͨٲݣ
еһɻ󣬷·Ҳˣַ㣬û˵ѣ֮ǰַ߲ûʲôŮʧ֮ٳ֣˱ˣʱˣ߻ţֻ˵ַʲô
ڵڻţϸ죬ǳƽǾźҺ㻵ֻкô
С㣬ö˯ţұ㲻ڴ˾ˣ֮飬лˡ
ַ΢Цĵ˵ͷԵƬ̡
һٺƣ
˵һƬ̺󣬾һ˰һٺԪҾƣ͸ַ㡣
лˡַһЦ봢ʯ䵱УֶžĪϧ΢΢ͷԾĪϧĸо۹һˣаǣȴⲻ¶μĪϧΪһξûʵȥѪݣֹ޶ַ֣޴ˡ
ҲˣźҺƷ¡
ƷҲվĵͷ
ҲȥЩǰֻǴ;ƶѣƼÿʮ꣬ôġ
ûκһԶʢԵЩǱ֮ԵζݣҲƼΣ֮ʱһ仰ܽΣѣƼҵһϰߣƼҼǰһΣʼġ
ʱƼЩ֣֮ΪʮǰܵƼһ츳ɳΪǿߣ򵥵һ仰ɽ۹һҵƼΣ⣬һѵƼһֱǡ
ƣĪЩ츳Ǳ꣬˭Ҳ֪ʮʮǻΪ콾Щ˶ԣҲʮ̤ɽ۹Ϊ½ǿߣһ仰ܽ۹߸
磬κ鶼ܳΪܣʱĿĳ̣Ҳܾˡ
ַ㽫ű˱ϣѾͷ˯ĺ죬ûаҪļСЩġ
ƷҲַһ߳뿪֮ʱоһϣâ˵Ҳ֪Ȼǵ
ַƷﵹҲû̫ڴ֮ϣַ΢΢ˬ£Ļˡ
ƷַߣЦʵַ㣬оЩΣ
ҵϡַ㿪ڵ
ƷЦЦ㵹Ǻ뷨һȷЩ⣬۹ţĿҪԶһЩƼҴ˾٣Ҳ֮УϾЩˣһμѩȣпܷɱ䡣
ɽ۹ôŲμѩȣΪǽһô򵥰Σڻ棡


0587 
ҹţˮ
һԺ̨ͤУһӰϥ貣ƺл֮ҫ
Ӱɫ㿡ʣϵķ֮ʱһűĹ˸ϢΪ˼
ӰȻַ㣬ֻ˿̵Ѿж£ָ˱ò
ȻԪҩסⲢ谭ַշ쾭תַŻ֮⡣
ǽһʮԪҾƣַڵԪ¶ϵĳҩĳ⣬ĻָڵԪѾܽӽ֮ˣֲܿ죬Ϊʵָܹ侳磬Ȼ㡣
֮ԽԽŨַϣȻһ̫ͼǣ·ȫĻ涼̫۹ȥ޵ĺڰУ·һģĻӰӲ֮£̫ͼ֮ϡ
̫ҹУֻҹ֮ʱ̫֮ⱻסȴѡ
ʱַ㣬һĨõ̫֮⣬
շ쾭̫˵ĸô򵥣⹦ǿԽ̫ɱһС
ģ̫֮⣬ַԽԽʵЩԺ֮⣬˶̧ͷĿҹգһģĹǶԿһ˿ˣǳĹ졣
ƺʲô
ȻˣȺֶѡĮӣæµԼ飬Ǻ档
ʱǻẦ˵ģܹ֮صò֮¹λǿޱȵǰǿӶԷŵ˱˵ʱڶ֪ôģˣԸ
УҲһû˸ȥ߿ӵģǻĲͷˡ
ȻʱƫƫƺǻЩͷˡ
ԺⲻԶһСɵӰ̧ͷǴµĹβͣ˸Ժ˸ȥ
ôӦŶԡ
Ӱ૵һоЩ֣徹ͣƬ̡
˼£Ŀ˸ҧҧԺ˸ȥԺĸǽ˵һ̤棬ڿնֱǹڵķȥ
Ƭ̣˾ͿԺһ̨ͤУһӰԡڻ浱УΪҫۣϣ̫ͼ֮ϣâ£ڴ˵ϣǴ˵֮
Ļ湦
͸һĨ֮ɫ湦̫ͼ֮⹦ǳǿĹ
֮ˣ֪Ǻˣ
˭
ʱһĮĺַ³֮ʱоڿһ״̬
һĭַ㿡ݵԼ֮ɫƤߣҲͬʱ˸ڰ֮УٶѸֻͣһ˲ߣҵһȭֱӺ
Ȼ侾Ҫˣﻹü˵ٶ̫ˣ׼˲ȭͷ͵ǰϣƺڵȴһȭ£ϡ
ҵȭ֮罫ĳƮ˵ţҪ
Ƭ֮󣬿ɣһȭʼû£ɵ΢΢һ϶漴ֳ׵ſǰ
΢Щ̬ɫ۾ܸɾʱȴƺΪĿӶ͸һĮ֮⡣

аһ˵Ҳַ㣬ַ㣬ţϣ˾ʧٵַ㣬֪ûƭַȷһˣǣǻɣĲַ㣿
ҿΪʲôɱң
Ŀַ㣬ʵַüͷһ壬ղֵͣģĻ֡
Ҳɱˣղŵұ㵱ûз߰ɡַ˻䣬Į˵һ
㲻ɱңΪʶң㲻ܶҶ֡
ַ㣬˵
Ϊҿʶ𣿡ַĮûк֮ǰϿ뿪
ַ㣬㲻ƭˣղת֮ʱɱ⣬ҵòֵ֮ͣģʶңַ㡣¶һ˿Ц⣬ַüͷû뵽ֻѾͷ
ѵҲ֪㻻һֿ϶ʧйأǣѵһ𣿡
ƺЩ˸Уַ㣬˲
ַüͷɳڿתŷȥȴȥɣĻˡ
ַĻ£漴¶һĨЦ⣬Ҿ֪ûô׳£´βҪˣĹ̫ǿ̫̫ˡ
֮ԿƵɫɻַ㣬ΪַĹ̫ͼѩ¹һѧԺ֮ʱһżȻӵַԡҲѤ̫ͼΪַ㡣
ַĻŲ˶٣̫
㣬Լ治֪ϾʱǿģȻԪַȴоǰӵ˳ˡ
֪ˡ
ַ˵ͷ漴̧Ų߽˷ݵУձҪǰѩԳǣյ㵽Ϊֹˣúԡһ漴Ϣ㾫׼̤һء
ѩԳǣӴѩǿߣӴѩʮ⣬̤½ĵһ
ַ뷿䣬漴Цתȷַû±ˡ
ת˸̤ܿԺ䣬漴ԶȥûڰС
뿪֮ԺĳӰ֮أһӰ˳Ӱ·ǸӰӰ㣬ֻǳԶһۣ漴һ㳹׵뵽ڰС


0588 ǰԳ
峿΢ɽ۹ʳ֮֮ϣվԵΪİйˡ
ԭֻΪʱɽ۹ʳ֮⣬ȺѾˣһĵضθȫռݡ
ʵǿһЩȺǴԼǰģӵܹеޡ
ߵȺ֮⣬ɽ۹Ļʳ֮⣬ȫĻҳһƥƥڴ֮ϣʵվɽ۹ĳͷֻõһ޼ʵıڿޡ
ʵǽ죬ǰü죬ѾֳˣǶǰͬһطѩԳǣ
ѩȣʮһȣǾôҲһ¡
ȻЩ֮ˣǵΪʵСȥԳǣ̫ΣգֲʱԳǻἫĻңӣʲô˶УԱûеĻǲҪȥֵĺá
ɽ۹֮⣬ѩĴ۹ƵһĻҲţȺʼѩԳǣضֺ嫵ĳС
ǻʳ֮⣬ս̨֮ϣһͷͷǣЩиǿķݣڷӥӥԼʨգܹа裬м
Щѡɽ۹һսս̨֮ϣ˵ж΢м֮⡣
ˣ˶ǲڴѩȣҪǰѩԳˡ
е˶ԣѩȣǰܶĿ꣬ĿڳΪʵ
ʮţ˿ȴֻʮΨһȱϯѩ¹̫ӡ޵
˶˰ɡ
˴δ֮ˣǰѩ¹ɽЩȫѡģ˴εĴǰУΪʣȻԼиȻҲ٣ǰѩ˵ѩʮԣʵҲĴ۹һҪ
ЩŵʵҲ۹ʵ
ѩ¹ƺȱûе˵Ƕû⡣
ʱһƵ˵֮ˡ
һΣӷ糾ʹǰѩ£ûѩ£Ҳ޷֮ìܣѩ¹ͬΪɽ۹˫֮Ǻιϵ˭֪ѩȵս̨˵˫ˣ¶ҪԷ顣
ѩ¹΢ѩ¹ƻֱʮ˲μӴ˴εѩȣΪսɽ۹ˣ˵ȱϯģֻж޵ˣԤһûȥҲûе
޵ֱǰѩԳǡ
ԣѩ¹Ķ޵Ŀˣ˶ˣΨҪرһЩѩ¹ţš
һΪ̶ѩ¹һµɨ˵֮һۣ⻰еĻ̫ʱ˵˵ˣų򡣡
Ŀһ漴һѩ¹޵֮Ҳ˵˵ѩ̫Ӷ޵޵˭ɱ˭ޱš
ҪŶ޵˵Ļ治һ⵨ӡ
ˣЩˣǽעӦ÷ѩ֮ϣǶԣһĪĻˣ̫ϧ
ɽĿ⿴ȺĵѵлѩȵʸмɺúȡѩȽܹоʵķԾ⣬Ӧȥ⡣
ȺɽĻĬĿ˸ӿһĨĨڴ֮⣬ѩȣȷĪĻ
׼𣿡
ɽȺһȺ׷׵ͷǵһ죬ѾܾˣڿԳˡ
ЩŵΧвȺǷֱǸˣǵһƼҡǿθ󣬻һв׼ǰӺ̫ʦԼڵǿߣҲȺѩԳǡ
ǣԹڵĽɫǰֻʮ꣬Ǵ˴εǣУһЩ˽ԳǣͷųԼĹâ
ңȺ֪һǰԳǵˣԲֻǡ
ѩʮѩԳǣѩʮ˵ߵУĿ
׼˵ĻǱɣЩޣһͷȥ
ɽ˵Ⱥ׷̤ޣһ
СţҲȥɡַС̤һͷڷӥ
ƷҿһۣĿ˾ĪϧϣĪϧ̤һͷ޺󣬾һҲǳįɡ
Ц£ƷĽŲһ磬;Īϧ̤ͬһͷޡ
˾Īϧ⣬עĿһͷӥϣվģȻˣ֮ͬһʡ
ĺģվͬһͷ޵ıϡ
ַĿɨһۣûЩޣ̤棬һһͷޡ
ַĿ΢ǣʱǵַ̤ԵһͷޣһˣΪмǲҪṩ޵ģһ
ĿĮɨַһۣȻ֮ɹڻңȥ֮˾źҺΪһ侳صΪȹˣҪ۷壬ѩȣҪΪ߽֮ף䲻ϵ
ַҲɨ˵һۣɫһĮ֮⣬аòҪҡ
ַ㵱ȻҲ˵Ϊˣǵǰй˻ȥ֮󶼷ùҺһϢǿ˼֣ͻƵģƺֻһˣȻƷȻҺȱͻΪȻҲôףܶ˶ֻǲֺֻľһƣΪͻƱˮɡ
ɽ˷׷̤һۣԼҲһͷڷӥϣ漴Ӷ³֣
£һͷͷڿգǰѩԳǵˣһƬ̺Ƭ֮ϣȫǺƵӰգϢޱǿ
ȺͷЩޣ¶Ľ֮ɫ
ˣǰѩԳǣ


0589 ȡ
߿֮ϣƲƮ޿裬һƬ֮硣
ɽ۹ǰѩԳǣԼʮ֮ңޣҪʱ䷽ɵ
˶׷ޱϣԪ壬ɿŰ
ַĿ⿴ǰŵ嵲Լɿ紵˿
Ⱥû̫֣֮ˣһʵǿ֮ޱȣң޷ҡǣңҲַ֪ǿʮԪҾƶһ£һЩԷˡ
ˡˡ
һӳ֮һ𣬴ַϣĿ΢΢תַͿһͷԼ޵ıϣȻһϤӰǹ
ֻĿַɨţ˿˿֮Ц
ַĿҲƵ΢һĨЦ⣬ǸɾЦȴ·͸䣬׽͸
ַ㣬ǿԪȴ΢ޱȣ֮ûУ˵û֧ŷУڸ߿նѣ᲻ˤ
ַЦЦ˵һв֮Ũ
ַɺǳЦŵ˵һԡ
һԣ
Ŀ¶һĨЦַ㣬ӵǲСȻһԡ
˴ǰѩԳǲμѩȣ䲻ɱŻһ⡣
ĿɨȺһۣǵķԽԽŨ
ĮЦַ֪йҲ΢һ˿֮ġ
ˡˡͻأģһɿԵ쫷Ȼ䳯ַ˳ֻͷ޻һߣ˫ſֱӳַ
ֻ޵ɨַ㣬ǱɨУַſͻˤȥ
ȥ
ַͺһµĺڷӥȻһһͷ޵ַϿշһɨַ㡣
ţ˶֣
Ⱥߵ쳣Ŀ⳯Ͷ¶һĨȤɫ
зУҲΪĵģеȤҲɽûȥֹֻǿ
ú档Цһµתַ㸩£ȻǣĽŲȴȵ̤޵ıϣ˿
ҿûп档
ַЦǴϿոޣǳЦĿͻȻʧޱȵ
ѽ
µ˲ͽַϿգַַĿģַֿ
һͷҲҰַĿĮһ󣡡
£һɿֲĻ޳˫У·һƾ־ͷһХһ
ַ֮֮֮꣬ʹóֱӿɽ޿ƣ㲻ʹ֮ɿԽһɾ־ȥ޵ľǡ
ټַ㱾ͼǿĻԸһͽ׵һԡ

һ˫ȭֱӺͷޱ־㶼޷ܣֱײַȭͷ
䣡
ֲ޵ϣ޷һʹ˻ֱӱȥ춼ȫַһȭˡ
Ҳҳ
ַһȣ̤źڷӥϮϣֱӿͷ޵ϣ漴ȻһӴֱ¿ȥ
ɫһ䣬Ų΢΢һ޵ı룬̤նС
ɫҲøѿҪץŪһַ㣬ַûޣԼޱַŪð׹䣬û
ˡ
ŭһһǹڽ£ĽŲһ磬Ԫ̤֮ǹУַ˵׷ȥ
Сţܲܿס磿ַһ
磬û⡣
ŻӦһַ΢΢ͷŲһ磬վںڷӥβǹ׷ĵ
ͣ¡ַͻȻһµĺڷӥȻֹסΣ׷ĵٶޱȣ˲͵ַǰ
ַֻĽŲһ磬ֱӿգһ֮ͬʱֲһȭնһХȭӰ
ɫһ䣬ٶ̫ˣû뵽ֱַӿ˲Ҫײһ𣬿ֲԪĵһԪ֮ǹַ֣һȭɱȥ
ҹ
ַһȭͷԪ֮ǹϣǱִټ۵Ԫ֮ǹѣ»Ԫɢַȭͷɳǰź¡һ죬ȭͷ˵ȭϣֲõֻһ·ֱ۶Ҫϵͷһ嵹ɳȥ
ѽ
һַֻת壬ַס漴ȥ˫ֲɨϣɫٶȾ䡣
¡ֱĴڵϣõ峯¿׹ȥǺڷӥҲûмǵת壬Ŵ󲿶׷ȥ

¿մŭޱȵĺֻоޱȵıַһȴû뵽ַץŪ裬ްûзӳԼʵ
ΣǹУЩӰѾԶĺڵ㣬֪
Ԫͷŵ£׷ȥ׷Ļ֪ʲôʱܹϵԳǡ
ʱַڣϣһĨɾǳЦ·ʲô¶ûзһ
Ⱥȴһַ㣬¶ȤɫǹץŪôңʵҹ
Զȫ׷һûȥַ㣬ǿһɽ۹˵ϣͫһֱַ㣬ѩȣḶ۵ġ
ȡ衣
ַ㲻м³һõɫӲղţȷȡ裬Ҫַ㣬衣
ģѩȣһᣬһȥԶԳǰɡ
һΣַ³һɱĻȺͷһַ㣬ҪǹԶԳǣַ㣬Ҫ


0590 
Գǣ϶嫵ĳǳأһĳǳء
˵еĴڱѩҪϣѩھ½֮ǰԳǣѾھ½С
ѩ˶ԣԳȴ·𱻰һӰֻÿʮһȵѩʱڣŻѩ򣬶ƽǲκ̤ģдԣλѩλõĳУǱ֣ѩʮȫ룬·ͬһطѰԳǣҪĳУȴָѰȴǵģƺΨޱߵ
ѩÿʮһȵѩ֮գԳΧɢޱߺ嫵ĳޱȵѩ롣
Գǰ˷֮أȺ̤ͣԳǵУеΪѩȶеΪԳб
֮Գǣİ˷ۣԳ֮ϣĴ͵ӰȻԺ嫵ԳǶȴ⣬ԳǵԽѩĴ۹κһ۹Ļʳǣ˳൱Ĵ۹ʳǼǰĺޱߡ
ʱԳһϿգͻȻ
ϵȺ΢΢һĿ̧漴Ǳ㿴һͷͷſգй磬ȺϿջ
Ĵ۹еһ۹μѩˡ
Ⱥ˲²⵽Щν˵̣ԼǹѹֵƣΨμѩȵĵ۹пˡ
˸ڵеЩӰ׷ȥǶҪһ۹ŵˣЩˣǵʵΣ
μѩȵһԳ˶֧鱼ȥ
ͬʱԳǵһͬһĻţյУգ磬ޱȡ
ˣ۹μѩȵ˵ˡ
ַںڷӥıϣĿ⸩¿գΪԳǵĺ嫳д˿ȴûһƬʣԳǵĽ˵ΰɽ۹ĻʳȶĴľ룬ȻԳǵĽ·ǹһ壬κһ䶼ǲɷָһ֣УžԶϵϢ
ѩԳǣڵˡ
ַаһֻо·ɳ࣬зУǹɿ֮޷ˣǸоڰ㣬·һһֱճԼ
˴ΣԳǵУɵѹ֮ɢӰ٣ٶȷŻȺҲһоˡ
ѹ֮нɢ֮⣬͸¶ģ˷ܣڵĳУμѩȣܲ˷ܡ
Գǣվѩȵ̨Ȿֵý֮£ڴܹһ;ܹµƪ¡
ԳǵϿշţûֹͣɽǰֻĿⶢ¿գָȺϵǰС
ԳǵϿɷɳ˼ʱ֮ã¿շ򣬳һޱȾ޴Ĺ㳡ƺһ̨ޱߵ̨ϿԿ̨ΧȺ
ǣѩȵս̨
ȺĿ⿴ޱĹ㳡аǣվ棬ĿĿ
ѽ
Զһ޵ХݶȺ̧ͷԶȥ漴ǾͿͬһк嫵Ӱһǰĺ嫹㳡ȥһа֮࣬ǵ൱һϢǿ󣬺Ȼһɵ۹
һ۹Լ丽ţһЩˣɽ۹һҲθڵһ֮һ
ûжãӴޱ㶼㳡Ͽգû䣬ǶͣյУңңֱŶԷ
ɽ۹
Ϊ֮Ŀ⿴ɽ۹һȺ³һ
ɽҲŶԷȺĬƬ̣漴۹
ԷɽӦЦЦɽ۹ûдˣһΪԼһǵٶҲ
˴ˡɽͬЦӦĿȴ۹ЩϲϵɨţǣεǣҪμѩȵˣЩˣֱвɽ۹츳ܷȡúΣܷѹסǡ
۹ĿɽɨǵͬʱҲɽ۹ھĪϧԼĵͣƬ̣漴¶һĨЦ⡣
ɽ۹ţЦ£Ȼƺڿ佱ıȴɣԵò⡣
ɽ۹λž֮ʣǾĪϧҼˣѩ¹޵ȴΪβڣ
ֻԷֵ˵һȺͫһԷɽ۹֮µͦ˽⣬ңֻ˵˾ĪϧͶ޵ˣȻĪϧͶ޵⣬ޱңԶ۹˶֪
һ򵥵ĻҲǸˣĪϧͶ޵ǵ۹ӵˡ
Īϧ޵
ǰܹ⣬ɽ۹һţǶ޵ҲǿӰǲġģƫƫᵽ˶޵Щɽ۹УмֲƾʲôһѩŶ޵ܺ;ĪϧᲢۣ
޵ǰɽӦһĿҲڶԷӰϣ齣죬ô
齣죡
ɽ۹֮˵ĿⶼһԷˣһһŮӷʡŮʷǷ
ˡ
ȺͫˣֲܿиԵ֡
ˣĪϧҲˣϣ޵Լ۹ɷѪɷԼͫľв۹ĲѪԼīҪʧ
۹ɷѪɷԼͫľ۹ĲѪԼī
ȺЩּ£ˣ齣컹ɽ۹ľĪϧͶ޵ӦǴ˴õİ˰ɡ


0591 
ˣĴ۹ǵĸһҲֻλţÿһ۹ֱˡ
Ҫǰ˵ϯλѶʵ̫ˡа˵Ĵ۹ȻƼ;ĪϧģˣҲ˵ǰ˵ϯλҪᣬҲȥھ͵Ρ
ȻҲкмԼлᣬЩǿҲûһսʤǵģǶûˣ˭Ҳ֪ǵΪʵжֻƾһ֮ʲ˵ʲô
ȥɡ
۹˵˵һ漴Ԧ³ȥ۹ȺҲ׷׽ڵ֮ϡ
ɽɨȺһۣŲһ½Ҳȥ
ɽ۹ȺҲ׷׽䣬¿նǿĹ㳡
ڿĹ㳡ΧֻѾкܶˣЩ˸ź

һĿ΢عͷȥַͿǷɽ΢΢ͷʮһȵѩȣ¼ҼסɽԽԳǣΪ
壬ڡ
һͬʱĿҲȺȥ漴ҲһӰŵӰԴӡ
ΪѩȵһԱǶҲһҫǣԸǧΪѩȸֻΪս̨ǶݵĻԻ͡
ȻܹȡúõȻǸ˵ġ
١
ˮҲͬһЩ֮˵ˣҪμѩȣεȽܲѩԳһˡ
˲ˡ
һַĶУЩѩ¹֮˺ܻȻѩ¹ϵҲ˲Сľɡ
ѩ¹⣬һЩɽ۹ǿڵҲ˵ˣ̨źǶǰգܹЩ˴ﵽ֮ǰǰ̤ԳǵС
ˣȥлȥɣѩȵս̨λҪԶȵ۹Լ۹һѩٿ֮ʱˡ
ɽĿ⿴һۣѵȻѾԳǣһжС£עⰲΣԼûܱǡ
á
ס
Ⱥ׷׵ͷ漴˸һԼϤȺȥ
ɽߣֻʱɽ¶ɻ󣬶ʵΪû
Ȼ֪ɽָ˭ַ㣬ɽ˵ĹϵȴѾˡ
ɽϣµĳĽַܣ֤۹⣬֤ȷ֤Ůκɿ
үүʧˡ
ĻӦһɽͫһ
ʧ٣
ɽַ㣬ʧˣ
ԣҲǵ̫ˣǵʱĪʧ٣һҹ֮Ҳû³ֹ
ĿڵҲ²⣬ƣ׶༪١
׶༪٣
ɽɫӲУͻȻЩζоġ
ַ㣬ʧˣˣ
Ļκ֪Ϣ
ȻʧʱɽͷȻһȻʧ޷Ĩ
ĺáĺá
ɽȻͬʱԲԶвЦĴЦַ֪֮ʧٲ˷ܡ
ַ㣬ŪôˣЩžʧַʧ٣Ǹ
ŵĽ֡
Ҽˮ溬ĮЦݣٺĿҲַ֪ʧٺǰŵģ˵һĲ߻ĴɱܳɹǿŶǴˣˮܸˡ
ַǼһǻţҶԣǸ޴вΣգá
֪ǧټҪŪΪѾ˵ˣ˿ǣһŮ֣ƵɫϴһĨǳЦվǵм䣬Ĵš
Լŵ˵ķӦַ㶼ǣôϣҶΪѾء
ϧҪʧˣַ㣬úúõģûа⣬ַţЩһľϲġ
ʳǵˣƺûп
ַǳЦĿΧȺתţƺȱѩ»ʳ֮˵ټ
޵ڻûг֣жģַһֱţģ᲻עѩȡ


0592 

ַڹʳǵûеʱԶմµĺХ֮
Ŀ̧һںڵĹâ˸һ
ɷصɷԶԶĿźڹ⣬ַ͸оɷ·ҪӰ˵־
˶̧Ŀ⳯Ǳ߿ȥ΢΢̣ɷ죬ȷʵ̫ǿˡ
ײģǹײġ
ںڵƽɢȥ¶ĿȺͫȻһ֮һޱȾ޴Ĺľ
۹ɷڵ˵ˡ
ͫ׶һһľɷڵȻɷڵ˵ˣ۹ˣҲõˡ
ɷڣּˡ
ַ૵ųɷ֮ǧӺ۹ѩųǣЩˣȫǳ˹ľУΪɭɷ졣
ֻϵĹľɵ㳡Ͽգ漴ͣ·ת׹䡣
¡
һֲǹײĺݺݵ˹㳡֮ϣȺĿȫ˹ȥȻײڵϺȴûϢֻǱɷ˵ơ
Ѫɷ֣Ȼȵһʲô˲ˡ
ԶյУһԶԶĴȺ̧ͷֻһĿ֮˻̤ǿƻĲȴÿһԽǧףֻ˲ͽٵȺϿա
ֵһˡ
Ⱥ΢֮ˣ͸ſݼϢţ·ľҪήһ
УղųƺľΪѪɷ
۹ɷǿӣѪɷ
ô֮ˣǿͫľ
뵽⣬˽ĿͶ۾ήţ·ϢûУ˫ͫף˲ֱӡ
ֻԷɨȺÿһ˵ϣͻоһɿݼŵϢԼ·Ҫήһ
ꡭ
һ֮Ⱥ̲סͷ΢΢һ
ꡢꡭ
ֻǹ㳡֮ϵĹľĴȺĺ·ҪסǹľɷѪɷ֪һ
¡
ͻȻһըѵ촫ȺĶ£ֲɷ죬ֻǹ㳡ȫɫɷ֣ڣɷĽɢһӰ
һΪ˧꣬ǹ˧Уȴ͸ɷ
˫ͫףͬĿ£͸Ѫɫ
ɷѪɷͫľ
۹һӰ˳һһŮϣ߱Ž齣ŮӣǱ٣졣
һţҫ۵š
ѪɷͿľ죬鲻Խ̤˳
ǾĪϧΪȻվڹ㳡һߣûȥЩԡ
ХķңƮȺĶУ̫֮ⱻסгײģȫǿµɷɷڵˣѪɷˡ
ңЩײĵĺ棬дƬȺ̤޶۹ˣԳǡ
ɽ۹۹Լ۹̵ʣ²۹ˡ
ţ۹ӵвѪʵǿޱߣûܹԿǴ˴ѩȺ֮ˣ֪Ǻεҫ۵
˽˵Ѫ꣬۹ȵˣҲ
аī˵ʵҲǿֲޱȣΪ˴ѩǿİѡڣ͵ˡ
ȻѩȻûôٿǺܶ˶ڹ㳡Χĳȡ
ǣлʶһĴ۹ҫ۵ˣˣľţѩ˵ˣע߳ѩΪ½ǿߵģ̤׷֮ͽ׷֮ϯ
ֽĶǺܼܿʶˡ
ַҲδ뿪ĿɨЩվ̨ϵӰ˸ŵâ
ЩˣţУһɿһɺҪЩԣƾʲôվ̨Ŀַ㣬ȴҪվ̨棬ĬĬţûʶαװ׷ɱ
޵ͺЩΪѩ˴ǿ֮һЩѩ¹ʱַǲ֪ģ߳ˣ֪޵ĿֲӰ˵ɽ۹ѩȵˣ֪޵
ַ㣬ζҪ޵ڽµģڣ޵ѩ£ĬĬţַ㣬Ҫһ·̣ǿ֮·
ҲڴʱԳǵһ֮ƥԳǵС
ƥɫѪ㣬ϵʿķ糾ǵϣȴһ߹ͭɫߣԵøۡ
ѩԳǣˣ֪ɽ۹ˣһûС
׳ʵ֮˿ԳȺ͸һĨ˷ܵɫ̤ųѪǰһ֮ãҹ̣ڴѩ¹ϸѩԳǣûѩȣûпʼ
ӦѾ˰ɡһ˵Գȼ֣֮ͭµĿɨȺ
ѩԳǣı֮˻֮ˣʵûģ侳߽ףѩѾǷǳǿˣ侳ǿߣ侳ţë侳Ҳֶǡ
ԣȻҲ䣬ʲô㡣
ƾҪģž˽ǣöǿߣǲŻȥøǿ֪ڷʵˣμӵѩȵͿ¶侳н˰ɡˬʵĴЦ
ǧڵѩԳǣģҲҪַ㣬ͬʱҲ棬š
˵ĻĪҪ֮ܣ½̫ˣ߳ȥϣ
ѩ£Զгͷ֮գصжôǿжôֲ
ߣȥҷ硣
ݡ
籼ףѪһԳǵһϼۡڡ


0593 ޵
嫵Ĺ㳡УȺʱƣ˲ûм٣ԽԽ
۹֮˽٣ڹ㳡֮أվλţ˶뿪вѪԼīûеǣҪ۹λţ
ˣӦǲ۹ˡ
ʱͻأ漴ϵӣȺĿԶգѹѹһƬȻһȺ޵ǰЩ˺͸ղ۹һϢǿݣδǹɿµǿϢѾ٣·ǿȾǵʵжǿ
λĺÿ졣
ԶյУһӰԽԽˡ
ҲʱһӰһȺ̤裬ҶƮֱӽ˹㳡С
۹īˡ
̧ɨѵˣȻһǿΪЩˣ̤ġ
齣ɫŽŮӣ۹λţǶˡīĿԼϣˣǳʶ
ں۹ɷڵѪɷͫľǶλˡ
īٿѪɷԼľһ²⣬˱ԵĪϧϣЦŵѩĴ۹ŴΨɽ۹һλ츳֮ˣȻֻһɽ۹һˣһˣֻɽ۹ѩµţ㣬Ȼɽ۹ˣĪϧ
ī
ĪϧЦ˵׵˵һī˫۾Եøأ·ǰɫͫ˿һ۾ס
ĻͲһˡ
īЦעģֻǰλīУˣĶ֣ܹвˣȻûбī
ѩʮǰ⻹ţɽ۹˵ƼԼθĵʵǿǾǲںô࣬ˣûнǵߣӵʸûС
Ѫأʲôʱ򵽣
ʱһīһЦ𵽣Ѿˣֻǻδ¶ѡ
¡
īµʱ򣬺¡ڹ㳡һȺ׷˱ÿһӰԡѪɫâ𣬻£ȫǿֲİԵ֮
䡢¡
ÿһ̤ƶޱȣȺģȴ·Ĳ͵һ
Ѫ꣡
Ⱥͫһÿֲǿߣᣬȴһ͸žǿߵϢǼľǰ˶Ҫǿܶࡣ
ÿ̤һ·̤Ⱥģ֮꣬ɣֲǿһЩ˶֪ǳԽ˺һľ磬ص֮ɡ
ѹִ˵ѩʮΪֲǿߣӵв֮Ѫп棬ƣǡ
¡¡
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ꡣ
˶Ŀһȫ͸һ֮ս⣬Ǹ۹ţû˻ԸһȣǣѩţȻҪѩȵ̨Ϊҫ۵ĹâǰܹΪ۹ӮҫܹõĪĻԵô
һء
국˵һкһֻΪԷʸΪĶ֣ˣһ
ң˴ѩȣǳѩȵһӮϵҫͻԵ
޵û
ֻɨһ۾֪ûйĿɨӣգ˾Īϧĺ棬ɽ۹Ⱥ
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ɽ۹ȺĿһͣЩ͸ź֮˿Щţе޾齥ϨЩˣʵֲ̫ˣһǿ󵽹֣;ĪϧһˣǣǶ֡
һ񣬶ǵ
ѩȵǰϯλûϣˡ
Ȼԣж޵ûпҲѩ¹Ķ޵˵Ҳ˵ѩ¹ô㳡ϵһǿߡ
ڵĿע֮£ɽ۹˶һĬ
޵Ҳɡ
ɽ۹һһڵĺȻǵɽ۹Ŀһתŭӵѩ¹ˣȻǺͶ޵ûнӴ޵ôǴɽ۹һ
ȻҲмɽ۹ֻǣҲΪ޵˵ڻûг֡
޵ڴˣƨҷһ
ӵĿŵˣȻҲʸ̶޵֪߳ܡ
ķ̣ɫһѿޱȡ
ߡ
ѩ¹֮Цѿǵ޵ˣԻһжǿ
ãҪԣ԰ɡ
ʱдһĮ죬漴һɿֲİԵֻ֣֮һӰ粽ôĿݷǷֻһˣԻ͸ޱȰԵľ֮££Ե顣
Ρޡ
տ粽Ӱͫһ޵ˡ
ɽ۹Ҳ޵ǶΪصǿߣѩ¹̫ӣˡ
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Я߿µƣ޵͸ױȵİԵϢһ㳯ŵȥ˫ĮԵͫףֱõס
Ҫԣԡ
һ֮ƴѹȥ˻δͷҲ裬˵һݣҪѹȵȥ
ÿ¡
ޱȣѹ֮£Ųƶˡ
¡
һµĲ֮ڿռţ޵ֱһӡ˵ϣѣ壬ֱӱصס
һ޵Į漴оԴһѪͣĴ޵Ľţ̤ԴϣԵĿɨȺ
ҪͶ޵һԣڣԴ޵ڽ£³Ѫ


0594 ԵŮ
𺳵һĻֱӵ߸ȺԶ޵ӡ󣬶޵ӰҲǵԺб
˭˵ѩ¹ŲǼ۹֮ˣ޵ʵÿ£ôҲ侳ؾǿߣǷǳǿأڶ޵ǰս֮޵һԵޱߣҪһԣͽԴ̤ҵĽ¡
޵Ե޵˳߲
Զ޵Ĵԣͷңʢ֮ʿ޵Ȼ
ַվȺУҲŶ޵һԲ֮ҹ潭뿪֮޵ų֣˴Σһμѩ̫ӣպյѩ̫ӣȻûмˣַѾ̫Ρ
ȷֲܿ˿Щ۹ڵҪ
ַаǹɽ۹Ҳڵߣ޵ȣʵ̫ԶˣͲһ޵Ҫɱ̫ףЦѩ̫ӣȡ裬˴־ƶҪӰ졣
վڹ㳡λڵĿҲŶ޵޵ʸžʣѩȣ̫į
ʱȺҲһԵø˷ܣѪȣ˴βμѩȵʵǿ󣬲ŲǧΨŵĶԾŸܼеѪǶ׷
޵ּˡ
꿴Ŷ޵Į͸һɰµս⡣
ּˣ
ȺĿ΢΢̣ԭͶ޵ǰͼѹֵһʶ޵ڣԶ޵ӡ
ּˣһεѩȵһҡ
޵ŵ꣬ôİԵޱߣ˵棬˵ѩȵһ޵
ڣһԶֲǡ
ʾֻΪѩȵһѩ츳ǿߣΨһ׷
ǣǰǵô
һ˵֮Ǻ۹ɷѪɷֻ͸˿˿Ѫɫ⻪ǳ
ɷڣű͹죬޿ֲаɷ֮Ѫֲ
ѪɷĻҲ˵˼޵͵꣬Ƿ̫ĿˣΪܶѩȵһϯλǣʲô
㣿
ɨѪɷһۣǰ
ǰ壿
ѪɷЦ꣬˵ֻڴ˴ѩǰ壬̫Ц
ῴġ
Ѫɷһһӣ΢ԭʧ
Ѫɷֱ뿪в˶ѾǿȷвҪģΪ֮;ûֻвϵȥʵǸߵΪ硣
˴εѩȣһԣͬкֻܶҪܹץסЩѩȾս֮ǰΪͻƣôѩȵĵһ
ȻҲѪɷһ˵뷨Ҳͬ뷨ˣҲһ뿪ѩȵĹ㳡
˶׷뿪ȺҲûͣڴˣɢȥ
оΣ
ʱһַĶֻƷߵַߣЦʵ
ǰˣǿһˣܹʤҡ
ַ̹Ȼ˵ԼΪ˵ʵȷȷʵʵֲܿ࣬оϱž޴ѹ
Ҫѩǰ֮ô׵ģοҪսʤ޵ѩ¹̫ӣʵӵĿֲҪѩȵһϯλ
ĪֻҪѩȻûĻͻлᡣ
ƷЦ˵ַĿ⻺תƷ˻⣿
ѩȣѡ۹֮⣬ѡһЩţҲ֪ڸܶ˵Ϊǵʵʵ۹һЩûܲμѩȵˣΪΣ۹Ҫѡڸֱʮϯλ
ַĬ£΢΢ҡͷһ⣬ȷʵ⣬ҲɹΪ۹ôġ
Ϊѩȿɲǽһսּ׶Σ⼸׶ΣӵǱ츳֮ˣܹԼĻԵʵõͻƣʤһ㣬ѩȣͻƣϵվѩյľս̨֮ϣģһʼӵеʵпµ츳
Ʒ˵һַеɻȴԽԽʢѩȵĹ򣬲˽⡣
żʱˣȻͻһеģ츳ΪԻٽһƷЦ˵ַĿ⿴Ʒ¶һĨ⣬ƺ֪ĺܶࡣ
ƷͻȻѩ£ӶгǶ潭֮ϣңÿһζܴ⣬粻ǰɽ۹ʳǵǳսƷ׻侳֮ˣƷΪһֲսҲǿˣַ㾪ȵǣƷƺ֪֪֮¡
ѩȣƷﶼ·˽⡣
ַ㣬ѩԳǣųƱѩҪϣȥ߰ɡ
á
ַ΢΢ͷһųѩԳǵĿַֻоޱȵ泩
磬еԪҪŨ
ַߵ˵һַƷﶼ΢΢ͷп̺ԪǱɽ۹ѩ¹Ũ棬ȷʵʵԳǵУٶȣɽ۹Լѩµ۹Ҫ졣
â˸ַгһ«ַ㽫«򿪣ԼйһھƣʱһɻַڷĴܶţַԪַַ΢΢Ƶ˼֡
ƣôҡַЦ£һڣƷЦҪҪҲ
ˣƣãһǲˡ
ƷҡͷЦַҪƣƷ㲻ΪַֻҪȾô򵥣ҲַǼյʧйأȻַ֮£ƷҲȥʡ
ݡݡ
ÿ
ʱһԶԶĴַƷعͷֻһƥڴϿ񱼣̳֮
⿥֮ϣһɫŮӣ裬޶ԵӢˬ

һ֮һ˱ܲʱŮֱһӳȥʱŻĳ޳˵ϣƤ˲ҽһ嶼˳ȥ
磬Ů˺ðԵ񡣡
ſһĻܲˬ˵һŮӣ̫ˡ
ַԣŮӣȷʵ֣֮ɱ˶̫֮ˣ磬ôпᡣ
ŮӵΪӵ֮󣬻ʿţȻӵһļλ

һǳ֮ƥɫ񱼶֮ϻƣֱӳŵȥһ޳ţȻˡ
ŮˣȻŸղ˵Ե
ǻɫĳϮַһĮ֮ɫŲǰ΢΢̤һǰ


0595 

Ůɨַһַۣ㲻Ϣ侳֮¶֮ɫ
ַһӣĿⶢ˦ĳޣֱӽ֮ס˲䣬˦ĳ˿Ķ
ţ
ǻŮüͷһĿһ䣬һɻ˳ǳ޴ܳȥַУͬʱԪע볤֮ϣŮҪ˦
ǳޣȴȻַյģֺǹɻ棬ҲֱʧӰ
𡣡
ַһʱһɿµ˳ų޴ݳȥŮ壬ֱӱ޴Уɫɵô䡣
ס֡
Զ漴ֻһӰַһɿֲַϡ

ַδƷһ۷ԵϢϯź¡һ죬Էֱӱ˻ȥ

һ£ַųޣкݺݵĲ£Ȼ˦˳ȥǻŮҲųޱ˦˳ȥŲ򣬺ಽŽס
վȽŸǻŮĿĶַ㣬㾹ȻҶҳ֣

ַһû˴ӵЦݣ͸һĮ֮⡣
ŮԽԽ

ַŲǰŮɫһ

һַ̤³һ֣ϵĺԽԽǿҡ
С㣬ǻȥ
ֻһ˿ǰƷһۣˣöԸ
Ůɫѿ¿ڣʱȥ
Ҫô
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¡
һɱŰ֮Ϣӿ֣˻ַֻ³ǿھ棬ֱȼȼգɱ
㡭
Ůַɱɫ͸Ķַ㡣
һ
£ַһ磬Ůȥ
ߡֻŮĻһһӰֱӴŮ뿪Ѹ͡
ԶȥӰַҲûȥ׷
š
ԶһĮԶԶƮŮȻôˡ
ַ΢΢һâħķɣɽȻַҲøӵĻϵĮ֮٣еЦݶøΪĸɾӣ˿ȴֱͷĺ䡣
ַ㣬ҪСĵˣԳǣɲѩ£һӵ侳ʵ϶һ
Ʒߵַһַ΢΢ͷЩ£ҪԼܶܲ
磬ǲˡ
ͷмΡ
ûϵַŵԴֵһۣԼͷ
ַ㿴ſɰЦ£ֽ«еľƷУĺһڡ

һڳȵľ³ַɫԽԽˣŮ£»û꣬⿪ҩָԪΪá
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ַ˵ΧȺеӰ׷׶ԶԶ˱ܿĿַˡ
˵Ӻô󣬾Ȼ̫˶ǡ
Īǲ֪ԳǣмǲǵĴڡ
Уһ̫壬ԳĴ֮һ
Գǣֻһ嫵ĳУûлңֻǿĴ壬ԳĴ򣬱ס
ַǼˣ̫֮ˡ
ûиоڡ־塣
Ů֮ϣĿ⸩ַ㣬ڶǿ߻ƣ˿̵Ե˵ĸ߸ϣַˡ
ձ£̤ڣȴû뵽˸Ҷңɱֱ졣
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ڿ־壬ˣַֹˮ
ҵȷڡַ㿪˵ûкݺݵ˦⡣
ŮĿһɫԽԽɶһǷҲ̫֪ʱ򣬾Ȼоܵ˼衣
ڸҹ˵ڻü
ĮŮҪַĽ£ַ˫峺η۾
̫ˡ
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һͷҡͷ£ַɱ˫צֱӳַԴɱȥ
󡣡
ַŲһ̤棬ȭֱӳϿպɱʱ־쫷Хֱӳ޺ȥ
¡
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ɱɱ
Ůһʱһͷͷ־ȫ¿յַƬضð
ƷŲһ̤һ֮ѹ١

ȴʱַ³һƷһͣ漴ǹɿֲѹɢַҪַ
չַԪ֮޸֮ʱַ㣬ͷһڿҾƲϵĴӺ«бУʱԪԽԽҡ
ַϣ·һԪ⻪


0596 δеɱ
ԪַѾܾãû޼ɵͷԼĻԪ
ôңַȭͷϣתħ֮ԼԪһת
ݡݡ
һӰѹգַͷȫڰֲ֣֮Ϣȫַѹȡ
ͬʱϵЩǿߣһֳֳǹһǹַɱԪһҪַûɱ
һǿĹƬռ䶼ö
ˬ
ַ«һӣɫͨޱȣϣȫǾϣ͸Ż֮졣
ȫҹ
ŭһַ˫ȭһɿֲ쫷Х¡¡ѹһеķħϿյԪԼײ¡¡ľ֮ضҪ
ַ嶼ã޾֣ǷħԼԪ
٣
ַſ죬һԪȻ³һԪ̺޾Ļ棬һ죬е޺ӰȫŻ𣬱浱С
䡢䡭
ֲĻ˲Щ޷˻ЩϵǿҪ棬ȴ˲̫͸ǵϣûȼյԽԽͣûйƬ̣ǵϣȫ޾̫档

һĲҽЩַ˺ޣȫգֱ潫Ƿ
ַ㣬ȴȵĴڵ֮ϣ˿
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Ⱥͫһַ㣬ˣÿ£ʹûȻô޺ǿȫɱµǣϵϢȴֻ侳ңƿ裬һŭ֮ȴ졣

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ңɻԪȻûַʧ֮ǰǿ󣬵ǻķԣȴƺǿˡ
һ㣬ַ㵱ȻҲˣȻʵûлָ۷壬Ѿоˣշ쾭ˣԪҲӵĿֲֻҪյԷϣʵǿ֮˸˲ֻпŻ潫ȫֽȥշɱ
շ쾭̫Ԫȡ̫棬۷壬ÿһ̫֮٣𣬼ڣѾʼ̫ǿ֮ˡ
յУϵĻɫŮԼŮߵǿҲˣַ㣬ϢֻǸ̤侳ѣԶߵƷֻһղŶйȫɱһֲ̫
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Ůŭһַָ㣬ޱȱ䡢ŭַ㣬ò񣬵˵棬ɱ̫ˣֱǲҪˡ
Ů֮˳£漴΢΢ͷһ޷裬һûֱӳַɱȥǱ鲼ַΧĿĮࡣ
ַ㣬ƺôöԸСΪϡ
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ַЦ̧ͷеŮ̵һЦԼΪǵŮˣ˵ϣ£̫
˵գַһٶȳһ«Ĺ˼Ҿƣˬ
ȷԪҾƣԪ漴սַ㷢֣ҩЧԪѹƣһЩˬȻŮҪɱˣɣþûôʹսˡ
ŮַĮɫһѿ˼£ˮ
ɱɱǻȥ뽻˭ɱؼƷͨ似һס
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ؼƷͨ似Ƕԣ̫ˣõ似սһΡ
䣡
ַͻȻһµϢ٣һ侳֮˷ޣֱӳַɱȥ硣
Ȼ͵ϮַãƾַĿֲʶΧһȫԺУκϸ΢ı仯޷ѵʶ
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һ֮Ӱַ˲Ʈˣ¡ľֱӺڵ֮ϣ淭ɡ
ַŲһٶ磬һȴǳǰȭͷ֮ϣǧħ̺ķħ֮⡣
˻ȻתֲԪȫͷţȻһǹַɱȥ
ɱ
ַͺһһȭħͶԷԪ֮ǹײǹһ죬ֱӶѡ
˵ɫ΢΢һѿޱȣֲ̺ԪһǹȻַȭ¶ѣδҲ̫¡
̧ͷַХĳǹ˦ȥͬʱһȻ󳷡
Ȼ󣬻ߵ
ַ΢ܿһǹ磬˲Ϣٵߣһ¡죬侳֮Ŀ⽩Ӳ·Ҫ㶼һȭ
ַһַֻŶԷԴ΢΢һƣʱ侳֮˵壬ĳź浹ȥ
ɱ侳֮ˣ׾١
ֲ̫˿սڿս
˺һַ㣬ȭͷǹܿ£֮ǻ
֪ǻǵʲôɱϧһСŮ˵漴һɨƷԼַţɱɱŮη
Ļ£ַһ̧ͷַĿ⵱УһɱŶɱ־֣
ŭƮŮɿµɱϢ֣һ漴ͷַ˫ñͫףУһǿҵĿ־֮⡣
Ǳɱ㡣
ַ³һŲ΢ߵŮ£漴Ųһ̤棬壬ռס
ұСš
еַ³һ⻰ȻǶƷ˵


0597 ذ
ַҡϣյУʱͷԪҾƹУԪַ㣬·ԽսԽ͡
ŮɫһµһŮ۶ߡ
¡ַŭһһھ³泯Ͽյ޳ȥ
С㣬ȥ
һ֮¡ĻͻȻţŮоһɿֲĳϢӣͷȻһޱ߿ֻ֮⣬ֱޡ
С㣬
һͷŮ߻סŮӣͷԡڻ浱УХ̶֮
աŮ˵ţֽȥַ壬ղţͲһ㣬Ҫַɱ
㣬Ҿ
ŮƺûзӦ̫ҵĵ̣Ȼ˸ɱƺûҪ˵ˣ˻ܲɱ
һȥټ˹ɱһҪɱ
޲ϵ߿գַ㿿ŮʱŮҲӦ˹ɭ˵侳ؾɱַ㣬侳ص侳صĲУͳ侳صǿߣַ㾹ȻɱһҪ֮ء
ˣס
Ůһ漴µ˸ԶȥĿһ׼ߣŮȱɲ׼ߣҪסַ㡣
ǣֻ
ɱŮˡַ㿴źŮ뿪Įķһ˵һ죬ڱУҲû˻Ὣ
еΧַתŮѾסַ㣬Ǳ㲻׼ߡ
һͷͷޣַǣŵ֣Ʒߡ
ŮȻһˣ˭֪ʲôȻǲǵѡַ㻹ûг嶯ûͷԵĵز
Ʒ˵ͷַһ粽˸Զȥ
ߡһȳַ׷ȥ

ŭַֻ֮Ȼת漴쵽˼飬׷Ҫֹסζܣ˵˲佻ײһ顣
¡һŭ֮Ⱥ㿴ǳַɱȥӰ˲佩ӲһƳ֮˻ԡ˻⵱Уڻ浱
˿̵ַȴ̤ŲֻȺһӰ
ľ͹ɡ
ַ㵭ĮԶԶĴЩӰӲһۣǷ·𶼿˶Էе˼漴ԦޣŸ߿նȥ
˵ֱӲַ㣬뿪Ȼǲʵʵģֻڸ߿׷ַ㣬ȵŮǿ߹ֱӾͿҵˡ
ǲ֪
ַͫĮŵַɱƷƺַ˼һַɱٶȼĿ졣
ֻƬ֮˵ӰֱûһȺܶУЩ׷١
еӰĿһֱƷַˣ̤һɵĿ΢漴˵סȱڡ
£Щһ˸յƮĿֱ嫴ĸȱڣַǣҪ˦ǡ
Ҳһ״ǵףԪʯƷ
ʱȺĿⶼһ̫壬Щ˾Ȼ̫ˡ
֪˭ĵô̫˶ǣǻĲͷˡ
˴⣬ƺҪ֣˸̫ĵ
ʱ仺ĹȥȺȴʼûпеӰΪ
ʱԶգһкƵӰЯſֲƣȫޣޱϵӰһϢֲʵǿ֮ˡ
ʲôˣȻ̫Ŀ伶ǿ߶ˡ
ȺһЩɫȺĿⶼһ̫Ŀ伶ǿߣΪٶ侳ؾ磬ֲֿǿ߶ˣȺӵĺ棬˭ô֪
ģ
ŮɫһӰʵ
˴Ѿס˳ڣûг
˻Ӧ˵Ů΢΢˵ͷɱŨ
סڣҽȥѡ
һĮ³ŮżеĿǿ߽䣬Щ˱Ҳַܷ
侳صǿߣֱһλʶַ˷סڣ˺ƺƵ̤˶׷׺ˣƬ޴˭֪̫ǲǵģ̫ǧС㣬ĸԼֳ磬ĿˣİԵ˭
һʱŮ˴˳һĮ
˵ȥ棬ס˳ڣ
ŮĮʻɫһƺʶʲôš
ǵģҲ֤ȷȥûгսսĻش˵ͷ˿˿亹
Ǻãȥ˰ɣҲԼ
ŮĮĻӦһ˵ɫһС
ƺã˴Ӵ߳ɫȴѿ˼£ַˣ·ƾʧ˰㣬˴ÿһ䣬ûˡ
С㣬Ӧý˿ŽȺ˵ȴŮĮĿã˿ܻ𣿡
ŮĮʻɫһַ㣬
һĨɱ⣬Ů΢΢öԷһ־
Աǿ߷ֱߵŮңҲʧְ֮ˣ
ʲôأ
ʱһŮ߹ͻȻ³һϤȺɫǴ䡣
ѾˣˣѾߵŮߣ֮ңȴûȥ⡣
ĺâ˸һذ׳ŮĲӳذ͸ŵĹâ˵ĺ䣬ġ
Ӱ̧ͷȺʱĿַ㣬˭


0598 Ʒ
ôܣôܣ
ȺĿⶼַ㣬ͷղţѾ˱飬ûַ˵Ӱ˿ַ̣ö֮ĴӴ˳ͷߵС߶ûע⣬Ǿ
ݵĿ϶ַԽذ׷Ůĺذףôĺ䳹ǡ
Ů峹׵ĽӲذ͸ŵĺ⣬ĲһΣ˵ĽңԳǵУ̫ĵ̡
ſ
һµŭַ֮ĶĤַĿȴޱȵļͣذ΢΢ŮĺϻһǳǳĺۼʱѪЩǿĿһ
ٴ㣬Ҳܱ֤ҵǲǻôȡ
ַ³еĺô䡣
̫ǿĿһĿѿŮѪۡ
ַ㣬Ҷ֡
ʲô𣿡һǿ߶ַ㣬Ŀޱȣ͸ŵ·Ҫַġ
ַĿɨˣĿ峺侲
ӦףߣѾ뿪ûߣѡ⣬Ϊһ᲻Լʲô
ַƽĻöԷĿһûַҪ뿪뿪ղߣû˻ᷢǵСס
Ĵ׷ɱң뿪ֻĴķݣȻˣΪʲôַ΢΢һĨаĻȣһƷŵЦݣٶ΢ЩƵɫ֣޾塣
Уǣǿ󣬾ͿΪΪҪһ죬ᱻ˴һ
ַ㻰£΢һŮıϡ

һĽŮ³µŰݻڵľ˲䣬Ϊȫϵ˱ޱɫҲ˲ޱȵĲ԰ס
ҡҡ
һֲŭ֮вַֻŮһƮеذٶȶ˶Ѫ˳ذ׸֣Щ˵ĿȫӲǣɫѿɱȻȴû˸Ҷֺ
ַֻҪ֣ҪŮ
ǻŮҲûǹɲư֮⣬˿̵ʶַ㣬Ŀܻɱ
ڣΪַˣǰûѩԳǵУȻ˸ҶϵΪֱǲ֮£ȴеķţ΢Щ̬ӣȴ˵ִᣬԸðž޴Σ⣬ҲҪ޷ܵĴۡ
һߣҷ˸ңұһָ
ַ˵һ漴ת˸Ʈ뿪
Щ̫ȺĿ⽩ӲַȥӰҪǸоŲǧ
СѾϵΪٱָΣǸ
ߣȥ֪ͨү
һ˵漴Ⱥ׷˸뿪Ŀ죬ֻƬ̵Ĺ߱һˣ̫Ⱥȫ뿪ʧӰ
ȺЩ뿪Ӱͷɸо𺳣ɫƵ̫ˣȻϵ̫ǧ𡭡
ַʶΧû˸٣Ҳ¶һ˿ĮЦ
Ƭַ֮㿴ԶӰǱȥ뿪ƷԼš
Ʒ￴ַЯ̫Ů£漴Цһʶ뿪ȴûУַѡ£ȻŮס
ѹֱ˶ϲ㣬ߣм٣̫棬ϵ΢飬ϱ¶ȫȫʵġ
ƷｫһƤߵݻַ㣬ղַǸһһƤߣ漴һ߳˴Ȼ뿪Լλַ㡣
ȻѾˣͲûˡ
ַЦŵƷһֱĸоһΣԳΪѣĻҲĽŽ
㣬ƷҲܵˣַ㣬Ӹտʼ΢һ˿֮⣬Ľѡ
Ȼˣұ㲻ˡ
Ƥⶫ˵컹ᷢӳá
ˣô
Ʒָָ̫Ůַʵ
ַ֪ҡҡͷץߣܶЩһЩ塣
ͬҲǸ׸ߵĶᰲġ
Ʒ￴ַ㣬Цңʧˣ㲻˿ЧһЩ𣿡
š
ǻŮƷĻŲˣȻƷ˼
ַüͷ΢һ˿ɡ
㲻ɱɱһٻضĴ
ƷŲֱӵŮǰһϢĽڶԷϣ̼䣬Ůһžף¡
ˣΪǶôңԶԳǵС
¡
һɻȼն˲ϢŮûޣʬ𼣡
Ʒߵַǰַ۾ģӲ
˵գƷﻺתԶ̤磬ʱɼҪɱ㣬ҲɱңɱãҲ㿴ֻһδŮĴɱʱԲһüͷΪ˸õıԼҪʯ᲻ɴݡ
ַ㿴Ʒı³
Ʒ
ַУƷӰԽԽҲûԼǰĮڸַ㣬Ʒһˡ
Сţߡ
ַǣŵ֣ƷƷΣٶַ㣬ûж⣬һֱҪύ


0599 ѩȹ
̫壬ѩԳĴ֮һƿԳһ
ʱ̫壬һ֮һλߴŶң΢΢֮ϣںд
ڴȴգȻԵãڴ˵أ֣ᷢϢûУȫΪһ塣
ݣ
һӰںӹ߽˦һ׼ȷ¨֮Уĩβ㹳ȻǱֱ޹
Ҫһ㣬װ
۾¶һĨЦ⣬Ŀ⻺תĿǻæӰϰļ
ֻϰ΢΢ţɫѿüͷ΢΢壬ϰʮ꣬ϰƢȻ˽⣬Ƿʲô£ϰԸ񣬾ˡ
ϰʲô£
һϰԴ£˵С㡭СĻ飬ˡ
¡
ϰĻ£Ŀռ䵱УһɿµϢ𵴣˱Ĺֱѣ˺ɷ飬Ǿ޴ĺ֮ˮڷƮҡУХ졣
飬һƻ۶ɣ飬ζ
ϰԴԽԽˣҪڵأ֮Ŀֲѹ侳ؾ磬ɸоϰС΢
ѹһֱãŽǹɱ⣬˵
˵˭ɵģ
˵СڳΪ˷ڽǶ֣С㲻Уҿǰ׷ɱˣ֮СĻ飬ˡ
ϰΡΡ˵Ŀޱȷĵȥ˴Ҫɱˡ
ǡϰӦһ漴Ųˣֱ˺Զ֮زŸת̤뿪
Уһɱ⣬Ȼˣɱ̫ҵǧ𣬲Ůû̫ˣҲû

̫߷һĻַȻ֪ʵϣΪﶼ֪ƷҲͲɱŮˡ
Ʒַ㶼û뵽Ůһѣ̫˺ܿȫ֪ȴǵģǿµ׷ɱ
̫˻δҵַ㣬ƷԼַˡ
󲽳ַƷЦַ㣬Ʒҵˡ
ַƷ巵Ļһɻ֮⣬⽣巣Ǻ£
ַ㣬Ӧò֪ڵǰַŶԣȻʲô
ʲô𣿡Ʒһ
Уɽ۹ǰ֮ˣѩһ£һɡ
巻Ӧ˵ַƷ΢΢ͷȻѩ֮£ȻҪȥġ
巴ַһĿյأЩɽ۹֮ˣȻڡ
ЩŶҲڴ˵ػۡ
ַƷҲҵˣھͶ޵Ӱ巶Ⱥ˵һ漴ĳλ
ַƷˣҲֱҵһ϶֮¡
巣㽫ѩȵĹٺ˽һҲһЩ
ĪϧŽ˵һ巵˵ͷĿ⿴Ⱥ
ַ㣬ƷղŴѾ˽һѩȵĹ򣬵ҲѩڣڱԸǣѩȣѩʮ츳սıƴѩĴ۹Լ丽ĺڸ˶ѣѩȣĪĻÿһսлǰջúõΣ˸ܹõޱȾ޴ĺô⣬ڵĹԼ۹ܹõĪĻԵ㣬ǶҪɡ
ַĿ˸ѾֹǵһֻˣŶˣѩȣ̺
ѩȵĹ֣һ֣̤ĳطһɱ˭Ҳ֪ⳡɱνУҲû֪ҵɱʲôƣҪףֻеһ֮һɱŻҪģȥɱˣͬʱԼɱ
ַĿһòпĹ򣬵һսǻɱ¾ɱˣɱ㣬̭ζ
ϣģڵһֵսУɽ۹һˣܹŽᣬҪ໥ɱ¾һȥɱˣǾʣ¸˽һ֣ľս֮Ҳĵ۹֮һɱǡ
巵ĻδȺݣһĿƽʣɽ۹ˣϵǵ۹棬Ǹ˵棬ˣǲ̫ϡ
ѩȵĵڶ֣ˣʮǰѩȣ˱ͽһ˭߳˭øߵߣ̭ңͬʱϵһֵսΪ˲ǿǰһֵսţսߣҲζţõԽǰھս֮ʱԵ˱֮Ե˾Խǿ
ȻҪѩǰϯλеǿߣ㶼һһԵģս̭֮ս
ַаͷǰֵ̭յľսûнңûֻгʵײҪúõΣҪϵĻ֣ܶͣ¼սֱս󣬰Ⱥۡ
ַ㡢Ʒ˵ĹӦö˰ɡ
巶ŶһַƷﶼͷѾ˵ķǳ᲻⡣
ȻҶѩȵĹףشһúõˣһǧסÿһֵսΣ֮⣬лǧҪץסȡǰԼʵǿ󼸷֣սʱ򣬱иİա
ĪϧҲȺһѩյǣ⣬е۹Ϊɽ۹֮ˣȻҲҪΪ۹ȡһЩ棬ϣɽ۹һܹøһЩΡ


0600 
λк𣿡
Īϧ˵գȺһ
˶Ĭڴʱһֻһλ΢΢ʾ⣬ڵһ顣
˵ĿڴϣڵˣĿ⿴Īϧ£Ȼһֵսɱ֮սôһǻһģֻҪЩһһֵսȻķУⲻȻΣβѡȥ
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Ϊ˻Ըȥ𣿡
Īϧ΢͸һ˿ãѡȥѵ˭͸
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ָָ֮һЩˣЩˣЩΪƫˣУҲַڡ
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ַȴǸûԷĮĻ㣬ɹǳЦĶԹҪ˵ˣлĻһɱġ
ˡ
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̫壬Ȼӵ侳ǿڵģȻǷСĻѣַ֪Ʒɱˡ
̫壬ƺܲ
ңЩ̫˲ûֻ֣ǽַΧסƺڵȴеǿߵ


0601 ʹɱ
Щ׼ɢȥ֮Ҳˣһվһԣֻƺ׼ַƷЦ
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ϵǿ߽Ųһ̤ڿգ˻һбɱ
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˶ԼϵĿֲͷǸղһЩ渽ҲѲˡ
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֮⣬Ҳˣ飬Ӱ㣬յУƮȻ鶯ƻֻҪ˵ϣ˲˵ֱĨɱ
յ̫֮ȻûԤϵַǻȶ֣һʵƯŮӣӰ˸գ쵽˼飬ƮƮҲǿµͨ似һɱ
ˣյ˲ɱϡ
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ĪϧȻԸһзĳЩĻϲ˶ȴǺ⿴ìܵĶ񻯣ַս˼Ǿ
ģ˵ʵǿЩ˱Ҫɱȵǿ֧Ԯǲ
ƷĿ˵
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ַһĲɽ۹ǰŭ֣ʬҰ˲һȺǿ߱˲Ĩɱ
Сġ
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ֲײַϣַڷڵԪַ㲻ûиоܣˬ

ַЦһ̤һ㣬ħȭֱӺ޷ĺһȭˡ
ɱ
ϵӰǹ綾㳯ַɱתĳǹ磬һɿµĴ͸ַȥӲɱĳǹ
΢΢һƫǹַǰ˺ѳɷ顣
ַȴֱӽǰĳǹסĿⶢǴɱֱ³һҾһ˳ȥ˲ڶԷϷ

漫ıŰ˻ԪƣҪɻ棬µĻԪҪ٣ֻƬ̣ҽ֮㽥΢ֱϨֱӱɱ
û뵽ַ㻹ѵȷԪҾƣܹ³Ļ
·ȺǱɱǿа²⣬ƾַҲ㹻вˣǶַЩῴˡ
ԶХ֮Ʈַ΢΢͸żĮ
оƺַ֣ͷ๾Ľһ«ԪҾȫһٺԪҾƣֻʣһ«ˣһ«ƣǺüʮԪҾơ
ݳ޵ļһϻһЩƣ;ĺȰɡ
Ŀַ˺÷ԪҾƣˬĽһöʯӸַ㣬ַ㽫֮ӹʶУȻ洢صȫǾƣĳҲǴþơ
ֻȷԪҾơ
ַЦԪҾƺȫȡԼʯ䵱УȻĵĴʯӻ
ﲻܴˣߡ
ַȹк«ڵľƽ«˦漴ŲһصţԶɱ
ĺƷҲͷ뿪


0602 ȼյĻ
Զ̫֮Ѿߵ쳣ȻַӣŲնУַ׷ȥ
ɱ̫֮ˣҪӣ
һĺ֮ڱܵļ˶ĤУʮͷԻ֮ưٶȷǳĿ졣
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á
ĳĬͷӦһͻأ䣬˵ӰȻȫֹס
ַȡһ«ԪҾƣϵĹУԪڣ·ͣϢַսԪ֮ͷţҩЧѹƵûԽԽ̵УԪҾƳ׵ıƵãǴٽԪӿ
ɱ
ĿԷ̤ϮεӰٶȿһӰӣ·Ӱи֡ص
侳صǿһֲԪХĵ֮£Ԫ˲䶼ɢֱƮƮӡؿڣһѣƺһſǣĿ
һУòС˲֪ŮɱֻһУֲĻӰٶȣƮȻֻǿµͨ似һɱ
ַĵʵȻֻĽŲһ磬Ӱ죬֮ϣſµĻһΣûʹ÷ħʹԪޱȵԪ
ɱ
ַŭһɱ֮⽵ڳһϣϵԪȼš
侳ԪҲҳ
ַ֮˸ַܵԪǿҳ̶ȲɵĮͬһȭַɱҪַײ
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΢΢£ַ㣬ƾűҲҪһȭ
ȻˣǾͿ˭ȭͷ͡侳Ϊ磬ȻһȭҲܷӳ侳صǿַܹסģַ侳صԪ˲εײ
䡭
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䣡
һɿµĻ˳ֱַӳȥǿͻȻоһʹͷ㷢ԼؿڴһŻȼգҺܿ죬ͽ嶼ڡ
ԭַһȭû˺ֻΪһȭľˡ

Ĳҽ֮Ҳͬڻ׵ķɱޡ
ַվǣµĻתǿԽԽǿַˣԡڻ⵱У֮
Ԫˡ
Ʒַ㣬Ŀзâ˸ղַƺǿڶģöԷȭͷϣԪʱַϵԪָ侳ˣңƺܹ
΢յгƺַĵĴָȡķԪҾơ
ǡꡭ
ƺѵ˷һƬķԪҾ֮ƺȫѿַſȻһʱѿľƺеķԪҾû˿䣬ȫַĿӿ룬ַһ޵׶ͣ⼫ҵķԪ֮ơ
䡢¡
ŷԪҾ¶ǣַϵĻ涼·յøʢڵԪѪҺŷԪҾ¶ǣһڡ
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Щ̫˼ַϿֲĻԪڲϵıǿ󣬲ɵŭȳ峯ַɱȥ
ɡ
ַϵĻƮ죬ͣҡҷš
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һӰַַ͸޾ɱ⣬һϢҲûȥΣǷͷų
һſµĻ滯ЩȺȥ޾סЩǿӰסֻҪգ˻ޣҲ޷ֱ˷޻ҽǻŻỺϨ
ʹ졣
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ͺǱӡõˣͻȻõͷţӵ޾ĻҪȥͷųʱַָо
̫ҫַϣַԡ̫֮⣬貶ĿޱҫۣϢڲͣ
ꡭ
һ죬·ʲôѵһַ¶һĨǳЦõǳЦԭľѾˣ֮ΪͻƣֻԪ⣬ҩЧ׵ļԪκͻƣˮɣôȻ·ͱˡ
ңַܹоεͻƺͬǰʱɥΪɽ֮϶ȻУʹû֮ʱĻ棬ƺʱ䣬ǰĻ治׷ɱ侳صǿߣڣֻҪǴշ쾭ʱ䣬Ԫɱ䡣
ָĸо̫ˬˣƮȻɣ˿ַ޲쳤Хһ
ԶĿַӰĿ̡

³һĴ˿ﻹ᲻ףַ㣬ǰַ㣡


0603 ɱһ
ĿַԡŵĿֲ棬ͷҲ𾪣ַĹȻ̫⹦𣬺ܿǿֲ켶
ҵͿˣ˶͹ѩ¹š
аһЩ̫Ҳһַ㣬һôԽսԽǿˡ
ߡ
ַһǿĻȴûмս˸˲صԭأű
ĺƷһͣ漴ַ˼ǵʵǿҲԴһֱսȥ
Է׳侳ǿΪȷ飬Ȼһɼµʵ̫ŵĸԳĴĿֲӵ侳ǿڵ̫壬ǰЩʵֻǱɽһǶѣЩˣֻȷǼʱģǿ߻ں档
ӵԪַ֮ʱ徹ȻƮ̤·һԪ⣬һˣͬ쵽˼飬ЩҪ׷Ƕ΢΢мǿ
ĵٶȵȻҲҪȥɣδ뿪ǱźַԼƷͬٶȣٵƮ䣬ܣ͸ǹɵȻš
̫޿׷ͬʱҲ۷ȥټǿǰҪ·
Щɽ۹ˣղսĵصԼǺԶǳǱʱ򿴵һĻԼĲҽУǾͿ̫۷ƺȥͨǿǰ
Īϧüͷ΢΢ţַɱ̫С㣬ȻûԤϵģȫ⣬ڣЩ뿪ȥַͨƺΣա
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ǣҲɡ
Īϧ˵һ˫һץʱγһǿҵԪһɿµԪ궯ͷͻȻԪУٶ嶼ѵʹϵͣı
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Ⱥͷ΢΢һĪϧɽ۹һˣȻǿ
ԣĪϧսûжù꣬ΪҪûܹȵþĪϧʹù꣬ɽ۹֪ĪϧǺꡣ
Īϧɱ֮Ŀ⳯Զһۣ漴Ųһ磬Ҳַߵķ̤ȥ
ɽ۹ȺĿӣ漴һӰ˸ܶҲȥ֪һΣľʣ᲻мŻδμѩȾԳǵС
ݡݡ
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ȻûӶ̫ʱ䣬ѾԶˣΪٶ̫죬۷ٶȡ
Ӳġ
һĮЩ̫˼Ԧޣ׷ȥַ˵Ԫľܹӵˡ
ң̫ǿߣȻԦǿǰٶҲӵĿ죬ֻҪˣʱַԪ΢Ǳɡ
ڣҲֻҪĶַ㼸ͿˣԳǣ̫û˸̫ˣһΣɱǵС㣬󵨣֪
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͡͡
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ģƷʱҾͲǿˣ˽ԸƷչ˺Сš
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ǽŲһ磬ս侳֮һͬڿգģǶ֡
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󷨵дһĮһɿµϢӳַ㲼Ź󣬶סЩ˵ǿ֮

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0604 Ըһս
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ʱԶһӰ˸ǾĪϧǸˡ
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ҪǷΪܣҪսսɡ
ַ͸һĨȻ·ߣ㱳ˮһսԳǻû뵽ģȻѾˣ㲻ȥڡȥη壬ԣսܣ㲻ϧһС
ޱ飬ĮɫڸˣϵΪܣΪһϣ׸ԣѡ
ãǣܺá
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ҪսҪҡĪϧҲҪս
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0605 
ĪϧԼˣ죬ǿַսһ۾˹ַ㣬ѩַ㡣
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䡢䡢䡭
һӰ⣬ͬʱֲϢһ磬Ŀġ
ַߵߣǣŵ֣սˣ¶һ˿м֮⣬ˣΪս
ݡ
ֻһµĺڰֱӳַɱռ
ȴɫĮŲһ磬ƮƮһƺʱǺڰӡд𣬻ɢ֮С
˻ؼȥ
̫巽һ֮׷״ɫһ࣬Եøӵޡ
αءĽŲһ̤棬գҲ쵽ַǰַǳЦְһΣҪǵŶ
ĵЦɴȻ֮⣬һһңһһƻ𣬵ͬǿϢš
һѹ֮ţ̫ˣȫַķΧɱȥƱҪַƷá
ˡ
ڴ˿̣յһĮĺֱӲȺĵУͷһ
֮ϣռޱȿһɿ־ĳһľš
漴Ⱥһ
ˣ̫壬̫ȡȣᶯ֣׷ɱɽ۹֮ˣպԼ̫˿Աѩ֮ǰȫ׼κ¶ˣڣȥ
ƮһĻ³Ļ·˭׼Υ
Īϧ̫׷ס֣˲䶼ףǣ֮ˣ
̫ɫӲޣȴҶ˵ϻֻӦŵͷ̫֪ʹ뿪
ĿתֿĪϧˣɽ۹֮˶ţ峿ɽѩȡ
˵գռ趯ޣ漴ɢΡ
峿ɽѩȣ
Բ֮صˣȫѩȣҪʼ
ÿֲϢַ㿴ʧ֮أ񰵲ѩԳǣʲôطôǿ֮࣬ң񹬣֪Ǻεǿһ


0606 ɽ
ͬһĻѩԳǵطûжã嫵ԳǶ֪
峿ɽѩȡ
ѩȣҲվĻģѹ۹֪ѩȵľʱ䡣
ַаĴ۹ѩȣȻǱϿô򵥣񹬣ͳַ֮⣬񹬣κƻѩȣɱμѩȵˣĴ̫壬Ҳһһ仰˱֮ġ
ղ˵ǿߣҲĬûٴˣ֮档
̫Ŀⶢַˣɫ䣬ŭȴҲ
ѩ֮ǻţǻټġ̫˵һŲһ磬Х뿪
̫֮һɫĮĿɨַǣ˴ΣЩ˺ˣ񹬱ӻѩ̫֮岻ܻŹЩ˵ģȻɱ̫С㣬ңôˡ
һ̫壬δܱȴ˲ǿߣʵȥȻҪģֻⱨʱ䣬Ҫѩ
ַ㿴̫˷׷뿪ܿȫʧӰнҲ΢΢ɳĿǰǲʲôΣˣҪԵģѩȡ
ѩȵĵһ֣ɱ̭սҪһЩˣǳĲпᣬҲΣķɽ۹һˣɱֻ˵һһѩȲŻڶִȡ
ַ㿴ĪϧġԼ巵ˣǷ׷׵ͷ峺Ŀ¶һĨл֮⣬˷û˳񹬵˻ûѾ̫Χɱˣʹħħɡ
ˣֻ֮һλҪ׼ѩˣǰɽɡ
ĪϧǷ·ûղŰַһս֮£Ⱥ˵
˷׷׵ͷעģѩȲŶԡ
峿ʱ֣Щ˵ȴõѩȣҪʼˣ˵ѪҺļ顣
˴ѩȣֻҪǲΪӵǿ
ȡһö֮񣬾ĪϧʶУʱѩԳǵĵγԺУʶȥѰңܿĪϧĳطȻ־ĸ֣ɽ
ֽ֮Īϧɫһݣ
£ĪϧһХŶɽķȥ
ɽ۹˷׷׸ϣǶǵһѩԳǣ֪νĶɽǺεأղžĪϧȡö֮ӦѩԳǵĵͼžĪϧ߿϶ǲдġ
ַţתƷһۣߡ
Ʒͷһ飬ն
һ˺ƺƵŶɽ򼲳ۡ
յУһӰַ෽Ⱥˡ
ֻǿ߿ַһۣЦⶼû󣬲峿֮ѩٿ֮ʱҲͲôˡ
ϧʹˣμѩȵʸûУȻĻҲԼһ᲻
ַ㵭Į³һ˵һַڷμѩȵʸûС
ȻΪǱַߣѾм䣬ַȴᣬ绪ïǱδǿӹ֮£ַ㣬ⲻ֪Լʲôʸӣַ㵽䣬ɱһҲ͸һô򵥡
ַĻȻ
⣿˵ʹ̤ѩ֮ʱһҪɱľ㣬һ֣׼ɡ
вһӶԽַ壬ǰȥ
֪
һ˵ǵɽ۹ѩԳǵʱ򣬵Ĭ˺ܶ࣬ԭ޵һţûϡ
Ȼ͹֮ʱҲҪҵһЩο壬ַ㣬̲ס裬ַ㣬һһϡ
ַתͷĿ˵һֻۣЦ£ʲôû˵㽫Ŀתûм
һĻõͫһɫѿޱȣĬӣκε軹Ҫó㣬ַ
ΪΪһЩʹʲôûб˵ĸһѩȣ׼ɡ
һĻһ̤ҲԽַ㣬ǰ
ܶѩҪء
ƷַЦ
ַüͷ˶ѩ¹ļҪ֮ˣںҹϮɱǱʻû㣬ڣЩ˶Ҫַַ㣬ҲҪһˡ
ɽ۹⣬۹ѩԳǵˣڸɽѩȵٿעƽ˵
ɽ嫵Ⱥɽ֮Уаɽ룬ɽأ嶥ӵĺش׳ɽĵضηխ·ǰǣ֮Դڴˡ
ɽм䣬һСɽ壬ԲΰһޱȾ޴ƽأƽؼƽ֮ϣ·һԻ֮Ʈš
Ƕɽĵط֮
ɽ
յУһӰ񣬻͸ޱǿϢˣһɽѪ꣡
ɡ
պһ漴һӰս٣˺͵Եһɽۣ֮ѩ£޵
ĺ硣
һɭɷĺڰɷӿ֮ϣһźɷ֮һ޴ĹײģݺݵĽһɽۣ֮һ¡ľ޴ӹײĵУһӰȻǺ۹ɷѪɷ
ѪɷԵһɽˣݼŵϢͫľˡ
Х߲֮ո֣㣬޵Ŀռ죬齣Ҳˡ
ɽۣ֮ī̤ˣȵɽ


0607 ֮ǰ
֮ϵķ嶥ֱվˣΪǿİеλΨоĪϧûе
յУһӰ˸ǱҪվۣ֮Ȼ֮ǵ΢΢һ˲ͷ뷨̤ߵΧŶɽʯϡ
ʱɽΧһӰ˸Ȼɽ۹Ⱥ
ڸ߿̤ɽƵΧһɽ塣
Щɽ壬һʯʻΣһǣ׳ۣ·Щʯļ϶һ
Ȼƫƫʯм䣬һռؼ嫵ƽأƺһɽ乬͸صϢɽȻԳкԳ֮ˣҲṳ̂ɽƽϵɽ乬У·һĴڣҲ񹬵̤񹬣ѩԳǣһĴڡ
׳ɽַյиЩɽ̫׳ˣ·һƬ硣
̧ͷȥ߿֮ϣ֮۵Ŀǣַ㿴ԾĪϧﻹһɽ壬ƺġ
ĪϧȻҲ壬ȴҡҡͷȥһɽϱˡ
˵գĪϧĽŲһ磬̤һʯϡ
ַһЦţҲͬɽ壬֮Ʒ巡Ļģϣȥ
ˣ֮ˣһɽ壬ҲԿϲͬʯ壬ȻѾɽҲûбҪôˣǿͬɽ۹ΪֻԼ
ν˲ΪѩȣǶǻᣬˣ赲ǻİʯɽ۹ˣǵĵˣѣҲѩȵʱ໥ɱ¾
ɽԽԽȻѩȵʱ仹գ죬ȺͶ׷׸ˣΪģѾõʱ̣μѩȵȺûԼۿҲͬ˼
ȥžŰʮһʯɽ壬¶ҪȺռݣʱ˿¾Ҫȥۿˡ
ȺŲռʯȺһ̫ˣ̶̲һʱѾмǧȺɽһʯռЩԵˣһռһʯ壬̤㡣
Ǹ߿е壬û˸ȥһǣ̤ȥ˭֪̤ȥʲô
ʱҪˣ棬ûҰ
Īϧ΢΢ҡͷֻҪ˵ĵطⲻο
ʲôʸ
ĪϧĻ£ԼԶһʯϣ߳ȳ
ȺĿ⻺תʯ壬ɵ΢΢һȻϤ֮ˣѩ¹ҵˡ
μѩȵ٣Ҳ
λΪͬһĿĶѩȣαҪ໥ᣬһۿǸ𡣡
ǱǳȺɫÿӻ˵
ߣѩȣҿǲμѩȣܱ𣬸ҹ
ˮŲǰһ磬İԵһǿϢȥ
μѩȣ
ЩĿ΢΢һȺеλĿһۣȻʵƺǿ˶˸ȥ뿪ʯ塣
ˮ¶һ˿ɫܹżеλμѩȣǺεȵҫ
٣Ȼ˴βμѩȵǿڶ࣬ǶֻҪһһԵУڵһ־͵һЩӦò⣬ڶ־֣վ̨ϣѾǽˣȵǻѩ¹̫Ӷ޵⣬±ǵˡ
ˮĳżеλ˵ٺ׷׵ͷҲʶԼʵڲμѩȵ治ʲôˣֻҪСĵ͵һЩӦò£ϣһһЩɡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣǵ£Ц
һ䵭ֻһǰҲʯϣЦĿҵˡ
Ǳˣѩ°˴ӵٺֻһ塢һĩβѡ
ߣѾʲôѩ֮ٿɡˮһ
ǣûбʤİա
һǵˮͫ΢΢һתɽĿ͸Į֮ɫɽҲš
ɨԼֵһۣĵ˵ͷǺǲаᡣ
Բѡһ͸һɿҰԡ
ҵĶַ㣬ϧʧˣǣҴûз
䵭˵һһԵַһݣʧ٣ʧģͬҲɽʧġ
ɽսʤӣ֪ʲôܡ
ɽǻҪҶ
˴ѩȣǺѩ¹Щѩ֮ˣ̤ڽ£Ŀ꣬ѩµţЩ۹ǿš
ͶйԼ˴εĿ꣬ѩȣǰ֮ϯλ
·ǸַܵĿ⣬ǱʯϵĿתַߡ
ʲôķܻŲμѩȣ󡣡
Ŀ罣³һĻ֮ǰܲˬɿַ㣬ԷйһеĲˬ
Ҳô󡣡
ַЦ£漴ûٿȴĿһɱûַ㣬ǲ֪
αغۣգʯϺúϢһ㾫һ죬գ۾ͻȥġ
ƷﵭЦ£漴ϥʯϣĿ
񡣡ַ΢΢ͷ漴Ҳϥ̤붨״̬Ųֹˮ


0608 
峿ʷһĨףɽŵĿռ佥Ļָӡ
ʱƬޱߵĶɽȫӰ
ۣ֮ϣƽվǣȴ̲סҪӣǿ֮ˣʱˡ
ǰʮһʯϣ˿ҲȺϥǣֻ߰ʯϡ
Ȼǰ֮ԼʮһʯϣʯɽҲȫӰһۿȥ·޾һ̫ˣ˿һ۱оͷƤ顣
Ⱥ˴ɽ϶һ·ȥֱɽ֮׶ˡ֮أƽϣˣȺִ˲ˣȥռСɽ£ĻҰܹһЩɽǿޱ֮أ˶Ѿ֪ˣѩȵһֵ̨
ʱһʯϣַĺ˼·¡
̧ͷַ㿴һʣ졢ˣѩȣҪʼˡ
ĪϧġԼƷҲ׷¶һĨ˷֮ɫǵһ죬Ҳܾˣѩȣʵҫʱ̣Ҫˡ
ʯϣֻһˣ˭ҸĪϧʯ壬ǰ嶼һ۷ǣû˸ռݡ
صĹΪȺ˼⣬е˶ɫѾõѩʮ֮սȣҪˡ
ڴʱյУһ쫷ڿռкХ
¡¡ֻڶɽķǺ嫵ƽϿգͻȻƾճһӰվǡ
Ӱһλߣѩͷѩףɫ˿һ۾޷ǡ
վգĿ⻷ŶɽȺֻһˣ˸оڿǣٸղһǵͣ£һ˵ĸоˡ
һ˶ܵ
֮ˡ
ԳǱ֮˿ˣ̾Ͳ²⵽ˣѩߣȻǿߡ
ңĴ۹УҲ֪һЩĻףˣǿߡ
ҽһʹߣѩ޳һֵѩȣල
˿˵ʱ֮ϵ
񹬣ôֶһ񹬣Ϊδû˵һǿʵѩȣල
Ȼζ񹬣ѩӵгȻĵλ
ڣĴ۹ѡǰſܣǰĴλҺ÷ֱ
ѩ޳˵һƺ˵һ˵˾Ͳܾܾ
ĪϧŲһ磬ʱն𣬽춫֮ء
ɽ۹֮ˣĪϧ˵һʱһӰ˸ɽ۹ȺžĪϧ߻ۡ
СţԼչ˺Լ
ַһֻŵ˵ͷ磬㲻õңԼСĵ㡣
ãȥˡ
ַ㻰£Хֱ񷣬˲Ҳ۵ɽ۹Ⱥ֮С
ͬʱ֮ϣˣŲ׷׿桢桢档
Ҫ˵۹ǰţ׷״Ӱʮһʯڿ𣬵ԵĶеС
Ĵ۹ÿһʮǿߣһʮλţһյУûȱһˣ䡣
ȺͷеһʮλӰǣѩǿţǣѩһѩδ
ڣǼٲпĴȣţҲ˽ӱڴ֮ɱ䣬ɳΪǿߡ
ѩ޳ĿһɨȺ΢΢ͷһʮλţܺãѩȣ׼㾡һаɣҲһδȣͽǵǰ;ˡ
ƽһȴֱӹȺĵУѩȣ㾡һУһδȣǾ˵Ĵȣһͨս
ˣȸһѩȵĹɣǽ֮أǶħֻҪ̤УΪôǿ󣬶Ҫ䣬Ϊѹ侳һ֮ǵꡢڵ似ȫѹƣʹãħУֻϿͨ
ѩ޳˵Ⱥͫȫһ
̤ħУǵΪ侳һأӵе͹似ȫʹã
ħδҲ̫ԵЩ
ûֻҪ̤ħУǣصͬһ㣬ڵΪʵѩȣκ˶ӵлᣬȻǰ츳ҪߣҪǿ
ˣ̤ħ򣬽صͬһ㣡
Щʵƫԣʱ¶˷֮⣬ǵȻԼ츳һǲЩʵǿ֮˲䱻Ĩɱˡ
һһöӣ̤ħУƾӣǿѡ似ңӣ󲻵ĺô֮ŬɣӷЧãǻе𾪵ġ
ѩ޳˵漴һӣʱһſŽӲӵĹ⻪Ⱥɹȥ
ȺܵҪ㣬Ȼ뵽ѩ޳ĻֶԼվԭزһĨ⻪ǵü֮
̼䣬һʮλţ˵ü֮һӲӵĹâˣһ
ˣ׼̤ħɣʮ겼ֶɵĶħȴǣҪúϧȻᣬǧѷ֮꣬Σ棬㾡ܹһУлɡ
˵գѩ޳һӣʱħǹԻ֮ϵƮޱȵħʲôȺ޷
ȥɡ
ѩ޳˵һȺȫһֻҪ̤ħѩȣʼˡ
ȴǵģΣգǻ
ħʶһ
޵Ųһ磬˲ϢǹУʧ
ꡢѪɷһŲҲ֮룬Ⱥһ˸ȫ̤ħ򣬺ܿ죬յоʣѩ޳һˣһʮ츳꣬ʼǵ̣


0609 
Ⱥ̤ħ֮ʱַǸղڵʯϣʣһˣԵúܿտ
û˾Īϧڣʱв˸̤һտʯϣĿ⸩·Ķħ
Щ̤ȺУ˸֣ΪǶ˶Źͭɫߣò
ƾô磿
׳ʵӿʵ¶˫Եúɻ󣬸ղţһʮλŵУûַӰǲܿ
Ȼַѩպգȷʵɽ۹ʹȥɽ۹һֱעַϢڣַȴˡ
֪ƾüͷҲ΢΢ţͷ΢мֲĸо˵ַûμѩȣֻһֿܣˡ
ַԸڣһμѩȵġƾĿͺţ˵У͸ŵĵǡ
˼˵޷˵ȥȥ롣
ǣҪַ㡣ʱһ𣬺ƾعͷͿһ˫ɾ۾ǣһŮ
ԣʶ磿
ţٵʵ
˵ַ㣬ʲô𣿡ʵ
ʮòʣ츳óͻ棬ϲɫ
ĻЦˣַ绻һѹǻ᲻ʶˡ
Ѿȥˣǲ֪ѡЦ
磿ƾĿⶼһĿš
ŵ˵ͷҽţҪҵˣҸ硣
Ϊʲôղûп磿
ꡣѹ˺ܶңݽȥġ
ѹˡƾ࿴һۣ˿ݽȥģȻַû£Ҳˡ
ŲǸŮĿ峺Ӧòƭǡ
ҲڴʱȺд󾪺֮һĿ⳯·Ķħȥ漴ǵĶȻһ
ֻħϿֵ֮ɢȥ·Ƽգ¶˶ħĿ
嫵ؿռ䣬ɽֲֹڶħУеһʮţ˶ħĲͬط˿˶վԭس˼ĿɵĿķ
ǵһһȺ
Ȼڶħ֮ϣһⲨ֪Ǻá
ǿǡ
ָָħĳһλãʱ˳ŵָȥһӰվһıϣĿ⻷Χ
ʱַие𾪣̤ħ˲䣬͸оԼڵȫѹˣԪħ֮
侳һأ˿̵ֻ侳һؾ硣
ħħУ˶Ҫ䣬û⣬طδҲֲ̫
̧ͷַĳɽ֮⣬һǹ⣬ϸһ£ǹ⣬һʮ㡣
̤ħģһʮˣһʮǹ⣬ζʲôַ㵱Ȼÿһǹ⣬ζһˡ
ţ
ʱַ΢΢һ֣һǹʧˣƾʧûп
һˣַеͺһʣһʮһǹ⡣
ӦòǱɱʧģЩǹû໥λᱻɱַ㰵²⣬ңǱɱٶδҲ̫˵㣬ܡ

һ֮·ˮڵַüͷ΢΢һ壬Ŀ⳯Եĺȥ
䣡
һɿµˮַֻһβԼſֲ
ַͫ΢΢һŲһƮȻˣȻѹˣӦ̶ǲѹƵ˵ġ
ǣ
һľ˲ȫβɨѣַֹסĿⶢǳںеӰ
ޣһͷαԣӵۣ֮ѿ
ħ򣬳˽⣬Ȼޡ
ַĿⶢ޿Ƭ̣漴תֱ뿪ߣһǹ⣬ڳ߿
ڣַȥ˲
˸ַڶħмۣĿϸĹۿܱߵĻþԼЩǹ⡣
ʱַǰԶһǹͻȻʧˣûκ׵ƾʧ
ѵΪ
ַüͷ壬漴ŲǹʧĵطȥҪǹΪλͻȻʧ
Զľ룬ַܿǹʧĵطǰһĻַͫһ
ֻǰһ翵Ĺʵ飬Žգڹ֮ǰƯ֣

ַüͷħʲôطһȡš
ղʧǹ⣬¾ΪС
ϸۿַ㷢ֽ֣֮״·һǳ档
ħУкܶ
ַ뵽Щʧǹ⣬˲˹Щǹ֮ʧΪС
ʲôط
ַụ̂һֱȴҪе˺ʱ
ûַȴ̫ã֮ſһӰ˳ַ㾪ȵǣ˾ˣң
̤ħʱһȫֿˣֵûһ໥֪Էġ
Ҳַ㣬£漴΢΢У¶һĨĮЦ⡣
ɡ
ĳַ̤Уһü乴ĮЦݣô
ַüͷţҲûкˣֻվǡ
ħΪȫ侳һأѹƣҶͬһ㡣
ַͲӦôˣڣһ̡
ĽŲͻȻǰһ磬ɱţƮһ׼ޱȣַֻоһ㺮ûࡣ

ַͫһ֪ʲôˣУӵй似


0610 ;
ÿһ
ַһŲ΢΢żأٵˡ
ݡһĨַ֮ǰǹӰǽ·ͻȻƽǰУȻַ̣ܶϡ
ǰ̴ϸ΢Сף޷ַƮ˵ͬʱֻоؿ΢ʹͷһۣѪȾ
ȻĹѹƣұɵѹȻص侳һءһַ֤Ĳ²⣬ħ̫ˣ·һεĹѹһС
ħֻϿɴõ
㻹𣿡
ЦһӰ֣˸ǻӰ֮ݣƺԶַ㱼䣬
ַͫ׽ĶŶԷ·Ҫ֮켣͸
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ߡ
΢ʱĽƿԪâֱַ㡣
ͬΪӵ似ַûУȻҪԿ
ĿɶǱַһâǿԪзĻۣ漴ַһݺݵĴڳԼĳ֮ϣʱ΢΢һᣬַٶԪȻһգĿס
Ѫ˳ֱַȻҪʶȴַŭһ

ֱۺݺݵһ˦ַȫʱԱߵȥǿҲ΢΢ת
˿ַ̣ȴüͷûգһ£ֱӳ

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ЩСвŵģһǽ֮似
ַһһˣһ׽ӦǴһСϵõģں滹СϷֱǹ⡢ǹ⣬ֱߵǹ⡣
һһöӣ̤ħУƾӣǿѡ似ңӣ󲻵ĺô֮ŬɣӷЧãǻе𾪵ġ
ѩ޳ĻַԺлصַͫһӣ󲻵ĺô
ѵҪõͬȶӣſԴӦСõסĽ
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ңַģֻһ˵ʲôȥһӣý޷ˡ
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ȻӿҵõõıһöӣҪã˵ȥɱˣֻб׷ɱķݡ
ַûκεԥһʱüֱ֮һǹ뵽һСǹ⵱С
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ַͷһһ͸ղԸĽЩȻҲһСķӡûһľ裬ΨƤëѡ
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ѾӶһ˽Գȥûкһѡֱ߳ȥһַ㣬ѾǸˣԲܻл̤
νĥ󿳲񹤣ɱˣȻⵢʱܻһЩ˱ǿ
һϵַԺд̳˵ʵ·Ҫɱ㣬ַһĸţһԺԽԽ̣·ӡԺһ
ãַü֮·һâ
Ȼַһָ̳һָ·һƺܻȴȻ併ǽ֮ϣ͵죬ǽڴ̳һָ
һˣҾһ޷ȫĲ͸ѹֻƤëֻн֮Σûа㾫衣
ַ૵ͻȻ䣬һƹУתַ㷢ĴžȻԼĿΪ֮һ
ȻҲƵģܹһֱвȥ
һʱ䣬ʱƣ


0611 ұ
Ҫȥˡ
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ϣַ㳯̤ȥ
ַĿ⻷ңСģҴ⣬ֱ߳ûˣַɳĿ⳯Χɨӡ
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ڣһµ֮ϣַĽŲͣתͿӰں棬ϤӰ
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ǹӵ̤似ƺܿɱһˣ˶Էӡ
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ַϣҲӵĵǹ⣬öʹõӡ
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ַɱӣҵϣһҪۣ


0612 ī
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īŭһ΢ƵУԪ۳һУֲ͸һǿַ彩Ӳ


0613 Ұ
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ֱӱѣַ㣬ֻī˫Ʋ·һεַǣסַڵλãһɿµĿռз·Ҫַȥַϻ
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ַĽŲݺݵһ̤Ҫ˵סȴīЦһŲ΢΢һ峯ַȥ硣

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ҼǸղţַҲīһ֮ӡǡ

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һһʮ˽ڿѾʮˣò˶һֵĴȾҪҲΪ̤ǱǿܸõԶӣǺ㶨ģ˾ҪսҲζûô˸ȥɱϾֻһȡӣҪ̵ʱ䣬ۼӣһı¾ѩ޳˵Ļ
Ŀַһַۣĺܴ󣬵Ȼַֹ㣬ǰλţûһֻ࣬ÿвͬĿҲΪõӾ͸õʵǿȥֱɱЩѾӵ˼ӵˣҲһַ
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ַģ̤ͬħ򣬶ӵѵõĻӵУĿ϶Ҳץסȫַ㣬еҪʵһΣûǫãİ


0614 һɱ
ĳĬˣĿⶢַ㣬ַ㣬ԼѵõĻȫַ㡣
ΪʲôҰ㣬ҡĿַ㣬ΪҪַǿǵõͨҪǿ
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ַĿͣΪȷǲץסħĻѺЩǿŵĲСܻڶħУѾкüӵߵǹ⣬ܾܿǰλš
ңЩӵĵǹԽԽ٣ַȫţǿܱЩɱˣǵӡ
ַǿǶҲ֪ʲôʱͻɱ
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ڶħУȻ˵Ϊѹ侳һأƾԪƿȺҲݵշУȻȴû˸նУڿ⵽ɱԪĵòֻ࣬·һû˸ҺҵʹԪ
ַ㳯ɽеӰȥٶȺܿ죬ǹˣƺҲַˣŲ̧ƺ׼ַһսߡ
Ųӿ죬ַͻȻٵĳȽߵٶҲӿ죬ͬʱ侳һؾ磬ֻҪӵ㹻ľ룬Ҫ׷һˣףħУЩӵӵҪɱˣҲûô򵥣˿ӾǣлԶУЩˣĲʱ䡣
ַ¶һĨ֮ɫŲһ̤棬ԪХ徹ڿնռ
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ˣǵһҪɱΪǱܡ
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Ų̤֮Яɫȭͷַȥһȭȭͷ͸һɷ֮ϧ֮͸֮ȭȴзԵø룬Ϊ졣
˸ַ㽣ʣ磬ֱӴڶԷȭϣǽɫ֮ȭհӲ·壬ַĽѹ
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۵Ľһַ屻ˣ˵¶һĨЦ
ԭʵ
ӣȫһһǿĹӹʱղҲӵһĻ򣬼ʱգܻӣ޼᲻ݣˣɱɱǹ⣬ֻԱԲŴɽϣɱˣõĹоѾˡ
û뵽ַȴԪ׷
˵㵨Сֻһöӣ㿴Ҿֻ뵽ܣ֮ˣȻϿޱߣʵηηûаЩѩ±ɱʹһһȺ
ַ㵭³һöԷͫһַ㣬ǰɱʹ
ǣַ㣡
ԣַ㣬һɳôǿɱңϧһûлȥȴúúõġ
ַǴһ˿̵ɫԷϣһɱӣַ㣬Ȼǰַ㣬ɺޣǾȻƭˡ
ûɱһΡ
ֻ֮˽Ųһ磬ֱȫ貵Ľɫ͸޼᲻֮⡣
ַ㽣ϵĵڶԷϣȴûãĽƲ˶ԷֱϵĽ
ѹɽ֮ϣѾˡ
ֻ֮˫һϣʱַ㽣סַ¶һ˿ЦһӰ˲ӶԷ˫Ʒ϶дֱ̳ӵԷʺҪһ
ӡ
Էɫһ䣬ͺһԡڽ⵱Уӣӣټ϶ԷʲԵòײࡣ
˭
ʱ֮һͷȥͼһ̤նӰƮȻ£漴˫ֱӡĽ֮ϣ촫ɫӦѡ
͡
ѣַĽƺ룬ݺݵһ߽⣬¶һĨ֮ɫ

ַĽԷ˲Ϣǹ⣬Ʈַü֮˿̵ַ㣬ӵа˵ǹ⣬߿ſõӡ
лл
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬Ļ޵ָɽ·򣬵˵̫ˡ
ַĿת漴Ϳɽ·вǹӰ̤ɽͱ֮˶ϵ˿ӵ˰˵ǹ⣬ܲȺ졣
ߡַ㿴˶½ɽɽ汼ȥҲַһ𣬱ɽߴ


0615 ħ
ɽ·ϵ˿ɽ˶ԷȻûж֣Ǽ̤ȥ
ɽϷˣϾӵʮǹ⣬Ǳһ˶ã𺳵ˡ
οӵа˵ǹ֮ˣƺṳ̂Ӷһͨ
Ƭһ˿ߵҲ׷׳ɽϻ۹ƺַڵɽҪΪ˴ζħս֮ء
ڴʱַԼĶˣɱɽϷڣվɽĶˣһ·ƽľ޴յ֮ϡ
ңɽ֮ϣȻһصϢƮţַ㿴·𿴵һħ
ħ޷
ղ˵ĽӦþǴжõġַĶһۣĿ⳯·ȥЩȺڲϵϿոͣĿɽ۷塣
ҪҪȥ
Ķַʵ˿̵ַѾӵ˰˵ǹ⣬߿ûõӣ̤һԵõıǿʵ
ַԥˣòռ߿ӣĿΪ˿ȺɱҪǰֻնУĻĿ̫󣬿»и˶Ҳ׷ɱͺܲˡ
ǽǿܻõͨҲûлȥˡ
ĿĶħ֮޷壬翣·᲻ͣı任
ַһϤĸоתħǷħ
ѵԵҪ̤С
ܹȥ𣿡
ַһĳ£ûпӵˣҲ޷رգһȥӦû̫⡣
ַ˵ͷû˿õӻܹһֱܹС
ߣȥ
ַ³һϵ̤Уûȥԥ̫ࡣ
ҲַȻһУ֮Źرգʱɽ˵ǹʧ·֮ͫһ
ɽ֮ϣӵ
˿ʼˣַӵа˵ǹ⣬ȻкܶõӣǶһͨȵ߳ʱ򣬾Ͳɱַ㣬Ƿɱˡ
ȻҲЩûˣЩһȺˣüֻ֮һǹ⣬ߵһ𣬲໥֮䲻ó֣ΨǲܹԱɱҲһִ֮٣໥֣˵Ϊ˵
˿̣ɽ֮۵һӵа˵ǹ⣬һӵĵǹ⣬Ƕ̰֮⣬֣˵ɱ˶ԷȡԷӣһҲͲҪηηˡ
Ȼɱ˶ȡӵֻеһ˻ˣ˭һԣҲԼ
ʱַĿĴСһ£ûнǣΨһǰз
޴ĵǲǶ˵ģ沿ûǣΪ࣬һ
һһħȴںһ໥Է
ħ񡣡
ĵһ΢һ˿𾪣ô˹Źֵĵ
ǷħħϹǶĴڣħôܹںһ顣
ַ㣬ȴ΢΢ħ񣬾ʵħ
ѵתħӵϵ
ͷƽʱǰֻħ£ַַħħ֮ϣǹϣһǹ⵽ǹ⡣
ֻһǹ⵽ǹ⣬ħȴĵǹ⵽ǹ⣬𡢲ħ
ɻ󣬶еһж˺棬ȻӦһǹ⣬ħӦĵǹ⣬ôӵеͨȻǲħӵеͨġ
֮ˣԷ޾⣬Ƴħ
ĵ˵ַĿ⣬ȷʵһֱǷħмһСϡ
ħУӵߵǹ⣬ӵеģͨ
߿ӣ׼ôãĺܺ棬ַ߿ӣһֹ֡ѡ
ǷħмǾ߰ħ
Ȼ
ַָָеķħ֮񿪿˵ӵоתħôܻԥһѡħڵ
ҲħĵĻתħϵ
ĵĿַһۣ漴̧Ųߵһԣ֪㻹Ҫץʱɣұ㲻ˡ
á
ַĵͷһͷߵǹʱħĵϵһһǹ⽫ħĵַüһ飬ʱַԺ·ҪըѰ㣬һɿֲļԺУĽŲ΢΢һź˺һ
壬ֱַϥ£߿ļ䣬Ȼһļܱȵģ䣬ӵİԵ
˿ַԺУ·һƬ嫵ĺڰǿգ޾ĺǿյУһ˵
һ͸貵Ľɫ⻪գһĿռյޱȵ財
ڷĶ棬һħվǣͫޱȵĮ͸ſµħ֮⣬һĿռ䣬ħ֮ޱȵĺڰûκεĹԣⶼ޷ռ
ħ·بűǣ·޾յж֮á
촽·䶯޾Ļɫķâѹаϵĳźڰӿȥ
ȻħҲη壬ֻǵվǣħڰ֮ħ񲻶ϵĴӿ֣ͽɫ֮ӡһȻ󲻶ϵյУ·һдûдڹһ
ϣַɫȴϵı任˿̣ԺеĻ棬̫𺳣඼ڲͣţ޷ƽϢ


0616 ħԪ
嫵޿ռ䣬ħϵݱ䣬޾ĽնȲħ𣬺ڰħڽʴʥķ⡣
֪˶ٸԪͨΣ޿ռ𣬷ħײȴûʧǻħڰħ֮ڷת޷ħͷַԺУʣһħ֮
תħ
ַĿħħ֮һǾתħ
ⲻһǹ۷ħ֮𣬵þתħһΣǷħ֮ԺݻǨħںϣǾתħıԴҲǿľתħϹǿ߹ħ֮ݻġ
ΪǿĹ似ǳ˵콾ǿߣǳ˵Ĺ似⣬ԼҲ칦ɾһʥ֮λܺ
ַħ֮Ԫݱ䣬ܹ϶ǾתħϹǿߴġ
Ȼħ֪֮ʲôֲ·ǷħļԪ֮ʱַͷԽĸо˴½ǿߵĿ£Щ֮ˣжôĿֲħݱ䶼ܿ¼ɼ䣬ֿµĴڻϣܹħ
УħǺ
зħ
ħǷҲ˵Ϊһ
ַʼɣǰߣԽ½˵ͨ쳹أôħسҲҲֻǿһ̶ȣɾ˷ħ֮ѡ
ʱַ㣬һɹ⻪תϢתħתĽɫڰ֮âϵĽ˸ݣϵѭǣͬʱַڣʼӿַħ֮
ʲô
ʱУ𾪵ĿַתĽâÿ£·ϹŵķħϢת
мķħвŵļ䣬жôǿ
ַ㣬˴˳ȹѩȶɳΪµţ͵޵ǰ¡
ͷһӰַʶʱ䲻ÿһַ㶼ܴ𾪣һΣȾ»棬̫֮⣬޵ħ֮·𿴵һӵܵȽȽ
תħת޷ͣϢʱַ㣬ڹŷħļԪ֮ݱ䣬·ҲǺ嫵Ŀռжȹ£Ԫ
ʱڲ֪жȹħһɺ¡¡֮ȺĶĤ·ħڲ
ͬʱħ֮⣬֮ϵȺҲŶħǲεĹⲨ˿˿Ѻۣħ΢΢š
˵ɫ䣬𾪵ĿһĻħôˣ
̧ͷ˶յеѩ޳ʱĶħһʮλţѾʮ˱ɱѩԣǸ̵֣ʮˣȫǶһŵӣڵĹȣ꣬űѡμѩȣڣȴ˴ȵĵһֵС
ⱻɱʮˣǵӣЩļϣǹϷЩǹ⡣
ˣӵĿǹ֮󣬱ܵ׷ɱԼһ𱻶ߡ
ѩ޳ɫƽ¿յĶħ򣬲ɣϣħĲֱ򱻴ƣ˻ָΪһѪȵսȻǵһִȵĽ
ֻһδƹǿͻ侳һΪˣ֪ĸӦС
ܹƹζʹ߿ӣеռ䡣
䡢¡
ħУȺüͷ壬˶ͣԭأĿ˸ô£
ɽϵˣӸܵ𶯵ľ롣
ַڵ֮⣬Щû뿪ɽۣ֮Ŀ⿴Աߵˣͷ𾪡
ǡ꣡
·ʲôӦ˰㣬Ⱥ̧ͷǵͷϿգ·һεǿһУֻһ㵭ĹⲨ·ƣʱѿ
䣡
䡢䣡
һµϢ𣬺嫵ĶħУͻȻǿֲϢͷţûаı
ȺңǷҲǹˣֻõ֮üĴǹ⣬Զģǵ޷޷͸
Ϊָˡ
ҵΪҲָˡ
ħһŸԼеϢޱȵĳ죬ָΪĸо̫ˬˡ
ãЩǿΪָˣ˭ܹ赲ǡ
һЩΪƫͫһпֻŹ˼ɣ̤ħеʱΪѹƣǲ̫ԿΪָЩǿſҪʼɱ¾ˡ
²ħ֮ʱ˲ϢмӰ𣬿粽֮ϡ
漴ǵĽŲԽڶħϿշɳۣҲûκεĹ˼ɣȥѰɱȡӡ
ϧڿǹˣĻɱ¾һ̫ࡣ
֮ϵӰ˿ʼֻţʼӱܣЩΪǳǿţӵмӣԲܱǼ̬֣ĻǶɱ˶ӵġ
ħޱȣûǹָҵɱҲ̫ס
֮⣬ЩȺɢϵϢͷţ˿ǵΪǿָΪ֮û˸ղŵĬԷ
֮ǣҲҪˡ
˿˵һΪƫ˵˸뿪
ߡ
һȳŲһ磬˲Ϣ׷ϣȭͷ֮ϣһȭĨɱӡ
ߡ
кü˸뿪ֻ˵ûߣĮɨһۣǾȻûȥ׷
漴ǵ໥ӣŶԷЦȫ׶ԷǺ⡣
׷ǼˣҲֻܵõһӶѣǰ棬ʮӵǣˣ˭㡣
䣡
һͳ촫֮ŻĴ򿪣Уһɫ΢Щƣ۾ȴɾ貣͸ŷâ껺˳


0617 
ˡȺͫ΢΢һȫվֱ壬Ŀⶼ߳Ӱ
Ҳ漴˳˿̵ĿƽûκϢͷţֻǿַıӰ
̧ͷַ΢΢ɨµһۣ侳صΪ
侳ء
˿ַĿо̰ɫַ㣬ȻŽ侳صΪѣ֪ʲôˣȻõ˰˵ǹ⣬Ҳã͸ˡ
ţʱ˵Ŀ΢΢һַģԾôĵΪȻַǿܶ࣬ӵ侳۷ʵ
ǵ谭ַ㣬ġ
Ŀӡ
ַɨһۣƽ³һü˵Ŀȫһַ㣬еӡ
ѵַ㻹ҪȡǵӲɣ
Ųַ㳯˻ȥȴվԭأֻǿַ̤еЦԽԽַƺҲ̫ѵΪƾ߿ӶһͨͿԽս
ңԽս
˿ӣҵġ
һ˸Ŀ죬͸ŷһȭֱӶַɱ
˿йǶЦ˻һۣ漴һһңͬʱʼл֮ƳַȹȥȻҲѹ̤ӰԿ϶˺ɱַõӣ˻ԥĶɱ֡
ַվǣ岻ɽƽϣһɫϼ˸Ľȫסַ壬һɫϼ⣬·һӣϡ£㴣
䣡
˵ַϣͫȴ͵һ̧ͷַµ˫ӰĽɫ
˿оԼǺһϣһ֮ϣ޷ĵ֮ϡ
ǣеõͨ
˵һȻɫҲδ̫ˣַǿ磬ַϣȻ޷ַַֺ㣬һ𣬶侳صĿֲ˿ȴԵСݺ
ﻹѪ֮ǽ֮
ɱ
ɫһݣ޾Ԫ·Ҫַ嶼˺ѣ֮ϣȫޱȵĺԪµԪ⻪ַŰ
ȻȵԪȴ·ֻǴַϻһɢַ壬Ȼ޷ֺ
ôܡôܣ
ĿĶַ㣬ǿ磬ַ㣬ϣȴ޷ҡֺ˵ɱַ㡣
˵ĽŲҲ׼ΧɱȥǿΪ׹֮ȴַֺǵȫǴ㵡𾪡
һţ
ַе³һǳƽַƻĳŶԷԴĳ֮ϣһɫ⡣
˵ɫһ䣬ֵ̧סַƣȴֻһ죬ֱ۹ֱѣһҽ漴£ַĽɫƣֱ˦Դϣһơֱ
ÿ¡
վַĿַ㣬ղַǿ󹦷ʲôȻǿ˹ԡڽɫ⻪еַ㣬·һ
彩ӲǵҲĲţֻо١롣
ֲֲ̫ˣ߿ӶһõͨȻܹǿֵز
ȻĻȻмץס
Щˣǵõ֮Ҳǵһʱȥһڲ֮أɱȡӡ
˭ַһֱ߿ӣ̤Уһͨ
ˡַĿɨһۣŲһ˿ͷ̲סݺݵĲ£˿̵ַṵ̂Ψп־塣
ߡ
Ҳõַˣ˿̵ֻŻ
ߡ
ַ㵭³һӰһӡյУһ޴嫵ĽɫƣкХԽԽ࣬˵ȫС
˵ɫ䣬ĿֲԪХ˫ƿ͵ĳŽɫƺ
ˡ
·Զŵ죬˵˫ƺͽɫĴײһ飬ֻоһޱǿ٣ֱ۶·Ҫѣȴ赲ס˴Ƶǰ
䣡
˻ûüˣ͸оһѪһӡɱ͸ղںһ𣬷Ļ죬˳ȥ
ʲô
յ³һӰȫǺȻ𾪣˿̵ַ㣬ӡ
֮
һƽĶĤУ漴ͿһɫĴӡ˵嶼ȫ֣ûûصݺݵһ¶ޱߵĿ־֮⡣
ˡ
죬ɫķӡ˵ϣ˵ٶȱɣ漴˵ϣκˣȴҲû˰Ϣ
Ķͷ֮ϣǹ⣬ַüĶȥ
˿ַüģӵʮһǹ⡣

һվǣ૵ַĿʼôƽδֺ˿̣侳صǿߣ
ڣʣһˡ
ԷŹ𣿡һҿԴӦκ
ҪҵӣΪһģַĿ⿴ˣ۾ô峺ֻ峺֮УһĨĮ
ͷһַ֪㲻Źһ˿
֪õĵʲôؼ߽ס켫Ϊ˵ǿ
棬ûеõκιõģֻһμ䣬ңԶļ䡣
ַ˵һԷ޷ĻŲ֮ӡɱһΣӡԷĨɱ侳ǿߣȫ


0618 ɱɽ
ַãȷֻһμ䣬ڷħļ䡣
ַ֮ǰûתħƾǿԣɿԴĹͨȻȴô죬ֱӳƶħĹΪָ漴תħתѭ֮£ַѾӵǧٷħֻ֮ǵӵ侳ء
Ҳζţַվǣκεһͨ侳ؾǿޣһȭ֮ʱκηӦˡ
ټַӼַ˻ںϣַ˾Ƿ𣬼侳ؾǿߣҲ޷Ľӡȴ׺ɱԷ
еУַսٶһԾ
ַ㣬ü֮Ѿӵʮǹ⣬ңӵöһӡ
ߡ
ַ㿴һۣŲһ磬ֱӳɽ˸ȥο磬ûһء
˿̣ȻҲķȺΪѾָˣǣȴٿ֮ǹˣûֱܹӶλġ
ַ㣬ҪӣҪȥǵһȥ
ӵеǽͨɽ֮ϣӵһħħÿһӦӵжصԡ
ĽŲ˸ַ峯ɽ¶¡
ɽ֮£½˲ϵ˸ɽ˶һʼע⵽ַ㣬ǣҪַӵеӡ
Ⱥַü֮֮ʱǶʱܹ˫۷Ź⣬侳ؾ磬ӵʱ̿ǹ⣬ҲζţֻҪɱַ㣬ͿԵõʮӣջ̫ˣʮӣһѡκرжȥڶ
ַģȥڶ
ߣ
ʱһĮĺͻȻţӰ⣬һݺᣬַͻȻɱûκεףֱҪȡַ

ַſ죬һ³˲䣬·޾ĹƮַ³ңǽɫַַ
䣡նַ֮ϣưַŲһ磬һȭɱȥ˲Ϣһǹûַü֮ɱһˣӣַ㣬ӵ߿ӣ㹻򿪵ڶӵеñ

ַŲһ磬ʱڿնϣ·һϼ֣ɫϼ⣬⽫ֵַĽɫâ˲ԶȺĿ⣬ܶˣַ㡣
ʮӣȺַü֮ʮǹ⣬Ŀʮãÿµ֡
һҪɱ˴ˣõӡ
Ⱥַͬʱַ㣬ĿͬɨȺ·ҪģǷˣӶȡ˵ӡ
ôĵӡ
˵ʲôˣÿȺֱַ˸ϿĿ⸩ǣɵŭ˵̫ˣֻЩΪŲŸ
ַĿɨӣգһϣͫһ֮ɫˣһˣ³ˣҪһˡ
ǹ⣬ãҪˡ
ַŲһ磬ûκεԥ̤ڿյУΪҵӣңҪٶȣʱѾ˷ˡ
ǿ߿ֱַӽٵǰ˵־Ͷ֣ʱַ㣬ַ㣬ΪΣȴΪʲôܹõ˶ǹ⣬ü֮ȫ貵ǹ⡣
·ߡš
˻Ŀڣַż̵ַЦ⣬ַϵӣȫˡ
ɱ
˵Ļδ˵꣬лڻţȴһĮĤУ漴㿴һ޴ĽɫƳԼɱѹȵϢ
ÿµ֮ͨ
Ӳɫ˲ûѪɫַ㣬ôôǿ⻹ӳһ
̧˫ƣֲԪɱȥȻǽɫӡǰǿȻԵøС
䡢䡭
ӡڶԷϣ˲öԷ·Ҫըѣʹ಻Ѫϵ
һŭŭȣһӡɱֱӽԷûɱַɱһˣۼʮǹ⣬⣬߿ſõӡ
ַ㣬ﲻˣǱϿ뿪ĵɫ˱䣬ַղŰԵޱߣնУ̫˵ע⣬ڣΧռ䵱УһХ֮𣬶ַģ侳ؾ磬ܶ˶ں
λαҪ뿪
һֻԶգһ꣬ƺ͸żĺɫǵУַ㿴ģǱķЦݡ
䣡
߳īֱֻһȭɹǰ˺ɱԵޱߣƺƵĳַͫԽԽ
ָΪҲûκεĹ˼ɣûܹɵ
ַĶˣȻҶԸ
ַ㣬嵱Уɶ̫ɶ񣬽գҪħС


0619 ħ֮
īַĵ嶼ͣյС
ͬʱԶ֮ˣҲϵĺХϵߣǿīʱһվԶԶģҿ̫˭֪ī᲻ͻȻɱ֣ɱǣǵӡ
Ͼīǿ˭˲֪ѩĴ۹ŵ͵İ֮һӵİꡣ
Ҫˮô
ַĮɨΧȺЩ˲ҿīȴҿһĻʱ׼ɱ֣ʮǹ⣬ɱַ㣬ֱӵõʮӣջ̫ǿˣӵʮӺһУ֪ܵõʲôǿı˭ס̰֮ġ
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ַƽվǣĮ˵һЩĿ΢΢һ漴ЦַôĵӣޱȣҪȫʣûīڣͶַˣݵַš
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0620 
嫵ķħԪ֮䵱УǷħ֮ݱ䣬зħ޾ֶΣԿ
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0621 һĻ
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0622 
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0623 ɽеĽ
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ɷںòһԳǣôܲЩʲôڶɽһЩȺɶǵϡ
ʱһ߹ľƮһɽ֮⣬΢΢ͣ£漴ϢĳɽжȥɽڣȻһ
ľϢſһִֻ֮ӹľ˳ȥĳǰȥ

ʺ֮ѪͻأڿռţһĲҽдɽļžֱֻ͸ǹɽץˣǹɽ⣬ȻʵʵĽֱ˺ѡ
ôܣô˿µ
ľɳۺˣҪ˳ɽȴڴʱһεĽâƬɽ֣ŵĽⷢҵĺХ֮͵ϣľ˺ѣҽľеˣҲ˺ɷ顣
ϥӰ΢΢ſ£ûκεı飬漴ֱϣƽûа
ɽУָֻ˸ղŵļž
ɽ֮⣬ںҹзɳ۵Ĺľ·ߵɵ΢΢ͣ£漴߹ľͬʱתΣǲҽķȥ
ûйãǱһɽ֮⡣
߹ľûƮɽУأͣ
ľ֮ǻſӰ˳ο£ݣ£͸һа
˻һۣǵһɽС
ܿ죬ǱҲһӰϥɽУƺ
ԣһƮյУϢȴγһֽĻ·嶼˽ĻУ޷׿
һ˽Ųǰһ΢΢̧һǿҵɷ֮Ƶƣ漴һµɷ֮ȥ
͡͡
ɷ֮뽣ĻУ˲䱻˺ѳһֱ֮ɢӰ٣˵ȫһ⽣ĻУ̺Ľ¡
˶һۣ漴Ȼĺˣ׼˳ɽУֻ侳ΪսԲֹǲǡ
ȻˣͲ뿪ˡ
ַ³һ漴ٶſĽâͽ̳·ʵʵĽţʹ˵۾


0624 ־
ַĻ˵ĽŲһͣĿⶢַ㡣
£䴳룬֮֡һ˶ַ㿪˵ַֽĻʵԤ⣬Ȼ˵ΪҲ侳أ²ַ֣̬ŵĵ͡
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·ǲַϵ⣬ɫҲ䡣
£Щ£Ϳһ㣬Ҷáֿ˵ȻҪýղŵǣװͿ
ںѡַĮӦ
ߣαغϻô࣬ɷѾɽռݣ˭ҵǣ·һǲʶôǽѪɡ
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ɷڣȻȺ˲˹ļһųǵУַѾʶɷڵаĪ뿪֮ڲ֪ˡ
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ظһƺҪַпη
ַֻ建վХ޾
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һ³ʱһɿµĽɽɱ޾Ľâ˲ռ䣬Ȼһɫ䡣
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ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ߵĿռ䣬ĲǿĹҲĽֻͨн֮Դ
ȥ֮ܽԴȥ򽣵־ǰڲ֪нӴ־ͨԽ˼ӵһؽ־񣬹ǲãΨһһԽҲ·ڲ֪оַ㣬Ѿӵؽ־һХǧâ
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Ųַһ̤ɽҹɫīȴַͣĸоһɷ֮Զңƺһɷ֮ڻĳ
Ŀ⳯ɷ֮ķȥ漴ַͿһ߾ڵаľзɳۣڵķ
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ɷڵҪԸңȻҪɱڣûպ棬ҪֶԸңҪҡ
ַĮ³һ漴˸Ȼûȥսת뿪ϲ̤һâٶ졣
ЩɷڵȺһٶȽľУľХַ׷ȥ
ХڶɽϿջƬ֮󣬽â򣬳¿䣬ֱ̤һɽ֮⡣
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ɽǳ̤УʯмַͷϣڼĲ򣬾Ǹոտٵġ
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һŭȳɽеһӰĿⶢַ㣬Įơ
ַҲŶԷƵû̫ı飬տٵɽӵо޴Ŀռ䣬ܹϣǺĵƻڣɽУ͸һɵĺ֮
ң˿ɽпɲֹһˣҲôܣƺҪʲô
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ַ㵭Ŀ˵˵ɫһַ㣺ɽǵģθɣ㻹ǿȥɡ
㲻ǰھô˵ɽǵģЦԵɽеõһЩżҲǸƾŶԡ
ַҡͷ˵ɽ˵⼸ˣǸոշѣ泾ıݣҵɽ
ַĻüĿⶼ΢΢һֹͣߵһ飬ĿⲻƵĶַ㡣
ˣҲҪһô֮¡
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һ¡¡촫ɷ֮ɽ֮ڣ޴ɽø˼֡
漴һοݵӰ̤ɽ֮ڣĿ⻷ɽ͸һĨĨа
ⶴһͺܹϣȻӵƾõʷԽǹϵĶԽпܵõһЩżر
ǻΪַҪӣȴû뵽ַ㾹ôһõط
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Ȼ˵طǵģǽ뿪ɡ
ַпһԵɽϣƵ֮ɫ·֮ˣ˫ֻء
ݣⶴøǡ
ҧҧ峯һײȥԪХǵٶٶɽʯܿٳһڣʧӰЩٶֶΣΪ


0625 Ѫ
ַ㿴뿪Ƶ¶һ˿ƽЦ⣬뿪δǻ
ŲǰһַعЩɷڵȺǴһ˿ĮЦ⡣
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ַһ˫һʱǿµĽâ̶޾Ľ⻪ǰЩɷ˴ɱȥ
ǵȫǽâеĿռ䶼ǧ䣬Ψеֵ޷㡣
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Щ˿ޱĽǴɱȥʱһ˫Ʋֲޱȵʬɷ֮һʬǽֵŽâǰС

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ַ㿴аһղţ׷еĸӦö̮͸һޱȵʯţ̤
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ѪǱѪѪ죬˿ֲĽɱ¾ѪΧСĶռ䣬ѪɫĹ⻪ѪҲĲ·ǳ̫á
Ѫ
һɼӿַԺУַĿ˸ͬʱַԺеģһ׽Ѫʮ
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һµɷֱѹȶַֻоͷƤ飬ɷ֮֮

ַŭһһɿµĻͻأͷŶںҹзȼգֱӳǰ˦˳ȥ
ˡ
է֣ǶַͻȻ㲻ʱϻ档
ɷʬȴ޷棬ǿµĻ˲ͳ׵ȼȫ֣͵Ϯ֮ˣˡ

ĲҽдƿռļžյһӰ˸ɷ֮ȫۼߣһĮĶȼյĻ棬ֱʧǲŽĿתַ㣬ɫ̹ǡ
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Ѫؼյĵһ죬ҪѪˡ
ַĿĮ粿΢΢һһХ֮ѪɫĽյУųǿҵѪ⣬ںҹԵø졣


0626 һ
յУŨѪ·Ҫնϵʬɷ֮Ҫ
ңѪɷ֮УżµĽ֮־·ӵһ
ѪѵǶеõģ
ȺĿⶼ΢΢һĶַеѪַղűûбѪôݵʱУַֻǽ˶һˣԼȴǿĽƶöַ̮֮оͶôһѵַȥǶ֪һȥ
־ǿ֮һûһԣǣΪԽɡ
ַ³һһɿµĽųƬ̣ɽͻ֮ϢޱȵĿֲ⵱Уǿɱ֮Ѫɫâ
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ͣ͡
µХ֮Щַɷ֮ޣȴ·ҲɿµĽ̴üɢƮ
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ŭ֮Ѫɷй³ֱΧȺһѪɷ˴ǿ֮һѪɷ
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֪ѪɷĿһתϣĮʵ
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ѪɷĿⶢԶɱ֣ҫƱҪҫعɷڣѩȵľսûпʼˣɱô࣬ص֮š
ˣɱ֮һҪ


0627 ̸
һյʱ䲢ܿͶȹ
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⣬ѩĴ۹һʮλŵӣ˵һֵս֮˼ֻʣʮλ֮ʮˣѩȵڶֵУǷ˻
һУ޷Ԥϡ
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ǰʯߵ·;УӰĳһƥѪսǰУһƥѪսߵӰһƥѪսϣһλŮ
ڳѪսĲԶ֮ӰǶǰʯߵġ
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ǺɡɽͷЦ£һμѩҲԵ֣ˣԶӴӴ̽һ顣
¼ʵǿһ;꣬Ҳ츳ףҪַ̽֡ί˵Ҳַ˼Цұ㲻ˡ
˵գɽһ߿ַӰȴһֱɽԺУ֮ȥַǸɾ͸ַ䣬һ˫͸Ŷԣ


0628 
ųѪսַ㲻ʯߵΧǺ嫵İʮһ죬ַĿ˸ţ֪ʯֻʲô
ڵһֵѩȵУãĶħУӵһУԶһǿĹ似һޱȵļ䡣
ڶֵѩȼȻʯУȻҲô򵥲Ŷԣûк͵һһرҲΣأѳƣһζ̶̵ľ룬ֳܹ
һ֣ȡΣս򣬿˶߾ȫοǰھս̨ϣŲֱЩΪֲš
ǶΪŵİˣǿ¾һᶼûˣֱҪ̨
һɱɷַϣַüͷ΢΢£Ŀת漴ַ㿴ɷ֮ء
Ѫɷ
ַһͣⶢˣȻѪɷ
ɱ
һ֮ѪɷĮ³ȺĿⶼһַ㿴ȥ
ѪɷϵĿֲɱ⣬ֱַϣַԼ
ַ΢΢£漴ſѪɷ֣һɱֻ֣ڸַ㣬ѪɷҪɱ
Ѫɷ֪֮¡ַаһԼҪСĽˣѩȣɱīҪѪɷҲͬҪ
ȺĿҲַ㣬ַһ֮ͬ⣬ѪɷҲҪɱˣ治֪侳صΪôô󵨣ϴξѾŭīһƺֵѪɷ
ַ㱾˱úƽĿвɫǰվǡ
Ҫɱˣࡣ
ַԲԶ˷̳ȻЩȺʹѾֻʣʹ
ǶԼڵӣַ¶һ˿ǳЦ漴ڵûһѩǰǾҪһúõĻţǣѾĸˣ֪ܻܲ֡
ַĻöԷ΢΢һͫױĶַ㣬ˣˣȷôȻǵѩʵ㲻ʲôʹѩһʮλŵУͬڣһ˳һǿߣʹȻҲûʲôֵġ
Ҳ档һʹĮĶַ㣬ַĻɴʹ
ϣ˰ɡַ㵭˵һ
ԭַ㡣
˰ַַּĵȷʵģǵˣ֪һ֮󣬻ַܻܲ侳صΪͨڶֵĿ飬ҲĩβΪǼˡ
ĵˣ治١
һȻ漴һӰַԣ޸߹Ưַ¶һ˿õЦݡ
þò
ܾ𣿡£ַ㣬յڣһʱɡ
кѡַεЦ¡
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ĪϧԼѵͲԼ侳Ϊױ̭ҪԼȡÿǰ
ȺĪϧַкԵúܲ죬ĪϧǺܵ͵λеţһ۸ڶĿһУϴϵ޴͸ǿҵ֮⣬ÿһһ̤սվ˵֮¡
ΨĪϧڰ߷֮۵ʱվͨʯУλŶ֮ϣĪϧֻǺƽվȺУһ侳Ϊ֮ЦкһԵþĪϧȽࡣ
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ŲַƷɢߵַߣԵúڡ
ôһ֣ûаõǰʮƷַʵ
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ңƷѧַģҲʼ磬ĵһֵֵܹܼľսҾ˿
˵ţƷ˸գƺҲǳĳ졣
ѩȵռվ̨ܿ죬Ҫ̤ȥˡ
һ𣿡
ַֹһƷһֱˣԴ潭֮ƾճ֮󣬾һֱĸԣƷ񣬷·ʲôһ㵽ڣַ㻹͸
ˡ
ʱȺ̧ͷпȥֻһ˸Ȼѩ޳Ӱ
ˣ
ѩȵĵڶ֣Ҫʼˡ
ѩ޳ӰյУŵ֮ϵȺ
ڶֵĹ򣬺ܼ򵥣ÿˣӲͬڽʯߵУٶȳȥʯߵĳ֮أпֵƣõĸ֣ǵǵڼ
ѩ޳£Ⱥ׷׵ͷڶֵѩȣƣս
һòҪΪ¹ӣõǰ֮ˣӵѡֵʸһ֮ˡѡ漴ڶѡһֱ£ˣֻбѡķݣȻѡˣҲѡǰʮ֮ս
ѩ޳ٴοڣʱһˣѡǰѡ֣ƾһɣ˾Ŭȥ
ѩ޳ȻҲǵǿȷͻ趨Ĺмһ㼴ѡҲѡͬǰʮսֻҪõǰʮҲ˻ܣͼȵĻѩյǰʮ֮λ
ȤĹ򡣡ַһ򣬺ܹƽڶȶٽս׳־սս֮һʼǿǿԾǿ̭ľ棬أȤҲ
õǰʮ˾ѡֶܣֻв˻ܣѩǰŵϯλֿɵˡ
ַеĿһâ


0629 ʯ
Ȼѩ޳˵ַ꣬˶ǰʮƵ뷨Ҳô롣
ǲȰλǿˣôֻҪǾȥȡͻϣõ
ڣʮˣֱվʯߵĳһ֮أʱ׼̤Уʼڶ֡
ѩ޳³һʱȺһ˸ʯ֮ԪѾڿʼӿ̤С
ѩȵĵڶ֣ʱܣ˭̵ʱ䣬̤ʯߣʯߵһͷѩռս̨
ʮһڣֻʮڵûˣãʮλţһû١
ѩʮһȵĻᣬ˭Ը
Ǵ˿̣̤׷Ѱҫ·;ϡ
ȥɡ
ѩ޳һӣʱһɹǿϢţȺ׷̤ʯ֮ڣûԸõǰƣζռžԵȨѡսǱѡ
ַûмǿʶͷŶ漴ĽŲſʯ֮ڣʽֱ治壬ֻӵĵʱ䣬ַ㲻ܻѩȵĵڶֻһ򵥵ܣܵĻܵδҲ̫Щ
棬ǼܿԽʯߵһͷ
ѩ޳ȺʯߣӶŲһ磬ֱӳʯߵһͷԽȥֻҪڳڵȴˡ
ȺҲ׷̤ʯߵϷһͷ˸ȥֻ˲ʱ䣬ʯߵ֮أüĿյȺȫʧˣӵţż߹˶оһ˿̫ˡ
ûöãʯ֮߳أѩվ̨ΧУȫȺ˶תλãڣ֮أĵȴš
֪ǰλ˭Ҫһһ߳ʯǰ
Ⱥпۣʱ˲Сķ죬ûѩǿİλţ˭ҪǿһЩ
ȺڣֻƾԵܲȥжϡȥҵĲ²⣬Ϊǿǰ˴ǿ֮ˣҲֶ֧޵޵˶֪ѩ¹޵̫ӵΪжֲӡ֮ŷӡһУΪԿɷӡ˭赲
ȻΪһֱⱣŵ͵ľĪϧǿģɲ⣬˿͸ж
һǿţڶ־гĽˣ˭ܹһ߳
Ȼ֪ûô죬ȺĿɶʯߣǣڴһӰ˭
̤ʯߵУַһţˮţַͨˮţĿԼӰӡ
ַĽŲһ磬ֱӳˮ̤ȥ崩͸ˮţ̼䣬ˮŻһֲƣɢĶУʧ֮ʱˮŵΧɢŵĹ󣬷·Ԫ֮⡣
Ӱַ㱣ſƶʱΧĻܿ죬ǰһӰ¡¡촫ʯƶһ¶¾ǽ赲ǰ
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ַĿ΢΢һңʯˣЩʯˣȻƶַס
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һʯȭַַͨ͸ǹϢַܵЩʯͷĹ侳ء
ҵΪһ
ַ嵽ʯͷӰǰȻſһɫӡȻţŷ֮ʥâ޼᲻ݡ
䡢䣡ʯѣЩʯ˿ܣȷʵǺַһӵ侳صͷȻַ㣬ͬΪȴɱ˲״ݻٵ
ݻٿַܺǰֻƬ̣һ赲סǰֳһĻˮš
üͷһַûƬͣϢ׼ٶȿԽˮţȻֻˮһӰӻĳַ֣ĽŲ˲佩
ˮŵпӰȻԼڵһģһż棬ȫһ
ţ
ַüĿţĶǰǵӰôᣬӰȻԼ
ǵһˮţѵҴԽˮŵʱˮŽҵĸ
ַ㰵˵Ψôˣˣʵ޷ͨΪʲôһһģһˡ
֪ʯߣô򵥣ںܶ˶һҪԸԼսʤԼӶͻԼһսսʤҵս̬
Ųַ㳯ǼðӰȥͬʱǼðӰҲͬʱˣַһģһ³
䣡
һײַ֮ԼǼð֮˺˵ľ붼ȫͬ
ҵȫһַ̣ôôѾķ롣
ɱ
ַһɱ֮Ҳͬһʱ̣ǼðӰϣͬӿһɿµɱ⣬Ǻַȫơ
ն
һɱ¡¡ı촫ȥַĿŶ档
ն
ַһն֣ôࡢɱ֮ײһö漴һ
侲
ַ΢΢ϣ漴ſǣ¶һ˿ǳǳЦ⡣
Ųĳǰַƽ£ûκεϢͷţƽûһ㲨
һַ㣬һ̧ŲԷֱ˵Ӱ
ټ
ַ΢΢ţһҲţţ
ˣ
Ĳַ֮ǵٵӰӣˮʧڿռ䵱У·ûгֹһ
ˣºܶ˶һ̤һʱ뵽ģͻԼսʤԼ
ַ²˿ˣںԼԿײǣ֤ԼսʤԼȴ֪սԽԽʵѾˣһþˮ£ľĿ飡


0630 ʯ
սʤԼҪĲʵսʤĵǿľһ;ĹؼΨľͻƱǿΪҲ
ʯģʵô򵥡
ˮţַĽŲһͣһγǰģһͨҽͨȫǿµĻ棬޾ĳϢ
ֻվ棬ַ͸оޱȣˮϵĴ
ȡ
ַǰĻͨͨӡͨ죬ɢõĻ⡣
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Ųһ磬Ԫַܵȼµ̫̫֮⣬ַ壬ֱӲҽͨС
䣡
һַֻ߳¶ַϵ̫֮󣬻Ե΢˼֣շ쾭Ļ̫ܱ֮ͨȡ
̡
ַ³һշ쾭תʱһɿֲϳ֣ΧҽĲӿȥ޷ȼַ壬̫Ԫ֮ϣ漴ıɡתΪַĻ档
𣡡
һŭַ֮ǰһſµĻ֮⳯һͷͷޣɻޡ
һʱһĳУַĻᦡ
ȥ
һʱַɳǰȥһɿµӻţֻҪᦾס漴ûΪޡ
ϵĻȴԽԽŨԽԽ
һͨΪҶġ
ַŲͣĿԽϵĻԪȼվңɻޣǰ
żַ˹ͻ⣬ҲκβַֺֻǳΪַϡ
ǧ׵ҽʯߣַֻоƬ̾ͨˣߵͷʧһַ̣δĸо
߳ҽʯߺַһͨһĶڣӦˣڶûˣַֻ̤˳
ұٶȣҲǰʮƣõһ
ַһâǰֲֵ涴ڣǰһ·ӦǶģʵ趨һ·̣Ͳһˣ⿴͸Ľ涴ڣݺύԹһ
ַһ˳ȥûκεԥȻ֪ĸڣͲҪȥ룬ľͺãʱԥѶϡ
֮ͨڣ޾ûκεһƬš
ַĽŲܿ죬һӰ㣬ͨм˸һ֮ͨĽڣûаֵԥǱֱ̤ȥȻ϶һ·Ͳȥѡˡ
ӭ
һƮĴַĽŲ΢΢ͣ£漴ַǰһƮ۳һӰ
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ǰƮȻɵ˶ַ͵һЦǵһģڣҿһҪ㾡ᡣ
κҪ󣬶᣿ַ㿴ǰĹӰ΢Щͳ
ԣκҪ󡣡˻Ӧ
϶㶼㣿ַʵ
ҡ׺͵Цַ㵭ĵ˵ͷŲߵ˵ߣƵ¶һĨǳЦ
𣿡ʵ
ҵҪǡ
ַϵЦͻأʧ˻һޱȵĽֱӳϴ͸
˵һͣ彥øӵãоȡҲд㵣漴ɢ
ַ۾δһۣôļᶨԺֻһ뷨ǰС
ַӲܵ񣬾ͨ쳹أҲֻʵǿ˼¶ѣνһҪַֻһЦѣ˭˵һҪ˵ҪΪ½ǿأܹ
·;УУͶҪֱӻޱȾ޴ĺôǲ֮£ַûκԥĸõӰһϴ͸
̤ʯߣ߹ˮַ֮ҪģõǰƣӵоԵȨ
ֻѡֵķݣˣûʸѡ
ڣû˱Ҹ졣
ַţ⽻Ķһ˶ûûˣֻǱ˻ûеѡ
߹һʯߣڣַĽŲһͣǰһͷõ壬ſУһţŲϵıխ
ǡʯ֮β
ַ̧ͷǰƬռ״βͣңǺܶڣ߳ͨţ֮βܿҲǳڡ
Ƭַ̣ĽŲ֮żᶨƵ̤ȥ
֮ϣоŵӰȫֶۣ֮ǵ壬΢Щã·ʵ塣
ַǰ漸ͣδͣһ£Щ˵۾Ҳţûȥַ㡣
ֱˣǴ۵ӰȻſâ˸ַ㣬Ų΢΢һ磬У赲ַš
ַĽŲļӿ죬˱ϣһɿµĽâڹХޱȣΪ˶һµĽ⻪
ǵ˸ַܵϵĿֲüͷһ壬ͬǿϢͷţ侳ء

ַſһԵ³ֲĽ죬ȫڶԷϡ
䣡
ޱȵĽиŶԷ壬ֻ˲䣬˵Ӱޣʧ
ȻҲǼˡ
ַͷĿȴ࣬Ľ˵ŲôĿ졣
ɱ
죬ַǰûκεͣ٣ֱӴӶԷϴ͸ˡ侳أʧ


0631 ھ
˵ʧûַɫ¶ϲɫĿԽԽ棬ˣ侳ء
еڰˡھˣǵʵֱǣ侳ءأ
Ȼʱ򣬻Ҫʵ
ַ͸Ľ⣬ǵ˳ȥǵ˵ַ㣬¶˼𾪵ɫ·ӵ㡣
ַ㣬侳صΪӵ˿µĽ⣬ǽ־
͡͡
ַϣһɿµĽâ¶ʵʵĽâ˼£·ҪһС
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ַУҲһâХĽ
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ַһԾն£һʮɽâϻ˺ѿռ䣬Ӱ⽣â֮¶ѹȵòʵ
䣡
ն£ˣʧ
ڵأַٶȿ˵ڰ˵ǰĽŲͣ£˿
ˡ侳غ;أ̫ѶԸˡ

ڰһ䣬ѩУѩ֮֮ģϧ˼ꡣ
侳صΪһ嵽̤ʯţǰ˺ԣȻ󲻼ϵһնɱˡˡ
ս㹻ַԺˡ
ңΪǿ֣ܹͻңƾһܹõʮһλǿܹͨҺˣõһƣڣӦѾļˣΪҺһˣԣֻڶʮһơ
ڰ˻˵ַĿ΢ȻջʵƵģһֻͨˣʸõһƣͨˣõʮһͨˣֻõڶʮһСһЩֻͨ˵ĻҲֻʸʮһơ
ʯߵĿ飬ѣ̫ѡ
ǿ츳ͼ͵ľһ·߹ǰĿջҪǿһأûȡɣֻʵȥƴһؿ
ڣɣҪȵ鷳ˣܹõڶʮһƣѾܲˡ
ڰȰ˵ַĿȴһֱ˸ţ촽΢ڿڣֻҪҿȥͨһҪնɱ㣿
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ڰ΢΢ͷֻҪңͿõʮһơ
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ַϣһƽ⸽ϣƬַ֮ϣһҫ۵Ľ⣬һӡ
ţǵڰüͷһ壬û뵽ַ㻹ֶΣֱַ侳֮ɣ
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ƯַӰŵڰƮȥеɲϣ·Զ
ַ壬ڰԽԽǵڰ¶һ˿ȤɫŲһʱһɿµͷŶַһԽȥڰһ£ʱֲ͸֮ǽ¡죬ַȥһǿѹַϡ
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ַŭһĽɫĿ£ͬʱȫǿֲķħת
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ȼ
ַٶſһ³ǻ棬ֱӽԷԪûԷԴȥ
ڰ΢΢һͷХ
ʱ򡣡
ַͻȻɿ㣬ӶԷͷϿƮ漴֮ϡ
ڰ建תַ㣬Цϲ㣬ڣʮһˡ

ַĿͣʮһɻᱻǰʮѡսѪɷīɱٻһõǰʮƣֻҪһõԣͲ̫
ԣҪõǰʮƲУڣֻõʮһԣھˣҲҪһԡ
ڰ˵ɫһ漴ַЦ£ףˡ
ַĿ⻺תǵھˣͨͿõһƣֻҪõһƣַоԵİõѩǰŵϯλ
֣ѡһֵľսȨȫϣȻǰǣͨھˣھ˵ʵ侳أ
ǵھ˷·ǸַܵȵĿ⣬Ҳſһɷâ˸ֱַġ
侳ؾ磬ѩ¹ѾվڶˣѩҲǿߣ侳֮ϣΨ䡣
ƴˡַɫһݣֻƴˣ侳صǿߣѩȵ̨ҲҪԣڣȿһ侳жǿ


0632 һ
ʯ֮⣬ѩȵս̨Χ˫ڴ۾ʯΨһһڡ
ڻû˳һʯ߳ˣǺˣ
ڴǵĿ⣬ȫڴ֮â
˵һˣ˵˵̤ˣˣ˿ֳ̽
ǰˣ˵һһУұȽϿö޵Ѫɷˣܻܿǰ
ҿɲôΪҿҲĪϧλ᲻ô͵սʼ÷˰ɣһǰеһˡ
Ⱥ໥²⣬Ǵ²ˣǰ˴ǿţûȥ²ˡ
ѩ޳վս̨֮ϣĿƽĿʯߵĳڣҲڴһ߳ˣ˭أ
겻޵ҲĪϧͬɲ⣬ˣҲûһӹ֮ˡ
Ȼ⣬кܶţÿһѩȣһԤϣһΣҲ⣬ܼܿʶƥðͷ
ֻľսĻ˭Ҳ֪յΣѩ޳㵽ǰϯλʱ򣬻һıһ˵ʵ䣬Ӱ档
˵ʵһѩֵѩ޳ܣҲڴ뼤ô𣬺γһ֮¡
ڲԶʯڲ֮ϣַ͵ھԶʱַϣѪȻʣ֮УһѪɫ⻪յУĴĿ
û뵽սʱ򣬾Ȼûóȫ
ڰ֮ϣµĿַ㣬һʵжǿء
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0633 ս̨
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0634 ǰʮһϯλ
Ҿƣʺ˺ȡ
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ҲɡĵӦ˾䣬Դ΢΢ţƺЩĲɡ
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һһַ֮õһףûַ֮ǰһУһףõ
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Īϧƺţַ΢ЩȣĿ⿴ǳλãʵ֤ĪϧĲ²ǶԵģûжãһǳЦ˳ϵ⣬ߵ


0635 ڶֵĻ
ַмֲ죬Īϧܹ϶ʮһλ߳ˣġ
Ϊô϶ַžĪϧһ
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ȺеֱȻɱܿͱ˷˵ȡյѩȾսҪˣһκǰֲͬǽĿЩǿߵսǵжǿ


0636 ɽ
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ģȻַСȦӣһƣȻȫͬ·ѩȿøɡ
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0640 㣬
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0641 Ϊ֤
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һʼսַڴݻֶӵ÷̵
սܣҲһҪվĵطѩȵ̨Ƽĵطһʲô
վ̨£ɽŭȳַ֪ڴݻܿһз֮ˣµıݻ٣̸ֻףַ㣬ΪʲôҪôԩ޳ΪʲôҪ˺֡
ɽף˿ģˣˣûôҡ
¼ҵĽҲĵļУԵ֮µִţһܱݻ١
ٶȴԺУŭһֲ쳤Х
ѪҺڷڣѪȼգѪǿߵĺˣӵѪǷϣʹ
Ѫ֮ŭХһ˫֣ݺַϣַĽȻһѺۣһַĽЩ޷ܵס
ˣ
Ŀһ¶һĨϲɫˣҪַĽ
ַһ仰ٶѵС
ȫֻҵĽһССѷ죬¼ҵĵһţѩ°˴ӵڶȻ˵ķЦ˴ӵڶ
˵Ĵ̶ַԼ˵Ҳѩ֮ˣڣַĽƲˣȴڰ˴ӵڶַȴβ̡
ֻǳһѷ죬˵ĵо΢΢ܹңͺԺ𣿷
ַ£ڣַˣɫĴӡֱӺϣ޼᲻ݵ³һѪֱӷ˳ȥ
һ
ַŲһ磬ǰĵ㣬ڻýԺ
䣡һӡ£̧ȥֵȴ촫ֱ۹ѣ壬ѹ£˵ϡ
̧ͷ˫͸ѪɫĶַ㣬ˣоԼҪˡ
أѩµڶӣ
ֵַзһŭХ֮ͷɢңҪ
ˣ㵽ʲôԹҪ˶Ը
ɽŭһ˫䣬ַӰַ·;ôҲ˵仰ˣַ㿴ºͣû뵽˿ȴ˵ĺַ㽻ãȴû뵽ַ
ַĿ⻺תɽһ˿Ц
ΪʲôôΪ㣬ɽ
ΪңɽһҲףɽʱˣ˵
ʱ
ַЦˣЦȴǸˡҲԺǣż̵ַζ
Ը𡭡ҵĸסҵĸףأ⹫
⹫
ַɽĺݺݵĲ£ɽ˫Ҳҵһ⹫ַ㣬ƺɽ⹫
ȺҲһ㶣׷ˣַ⹫
֡㣡
ɽ³ַ㣬ַ㣬ַ㡣
ϧվѩȵ̨֮ϣ˵İȻõڶѩȵһף⹫ģȴûиеĽ˸ģֻд㵡𾪣ԼһĨ޷顣
ַ㣬Ȼַ㣡
ɽգ·һ˲˼֣¶һĨɫ
ԭ㡣
ҡַ΢΢˵ͷϣһŻ֮˸漴һţΪһ
û֮ɫȴɸɾ㣬ôᣬϵǷ
ַ㣬ȸղַᡢʣԭȻһֱƤߡ
һ̨̣֮£Ӱֱվˡŵˣҵˣһȫվ𾪵ĿգһУȻˣôס
ҵˣѹַɱ٣֪ˣûк飬ַ㣬ҲҪʹԭַȻţû
ַ㣬ַ㣬ʵȻôǿˣ壬ƺ̫
ңȥĻַʵŵģһɱϢͷĳɳˣٱøǿĻǶԣ֮֡

ɽ۹ȺȻҲϳַ㣬һĿ̣ԭַ㣬ͬһˣʧ֮ٴγ֣ȴǻһݡ
ɽǷǣɾԼ貵۾ûзŭƺΨ̾Ϣ
Լ
һֱϣΪ֮ŮɷͶӣȴ뿪ѩ»ʳǣƮԶСҼįַ㣬СѩµĻʳǣߵУˣϣܹȵѹסַ㣬Ҫ֤Լļһֱȷġ
ȥַ㰮ŮӶҶгһգĻַ㣬˵档
νʵһ룬ַȷվս̨֮ϣһҵսܵĿ֣ȴ˵ġ
ַŰַԼС߳һ̤ѩߵ̨վ˶棬ң׵Űɱǰôı΢һ
ЦɱǰһĿʼȴûв¶ԺһĽ֡
ΪʲôҪɽʵ
Ϊ֤ϣһҪ֤еļ֣Ҳ֤ͬ㿴ӣƺôŮĶӣļ̤Ϊ䱦ӣͬҪΪҵĸ֤֤ôļأûд
ַ㻺˵ÿһɽĳ鴤


0642 һ
Ϊ֤֤Լĳڣ֤ɽĴ֤ĸκ֤
ɽһԣַ㣬д
ûУַĽǶȶԣЩɽˣȥѹַ㣬Ըַ㣬ַ˵жԵĵ·ַǶˣֵܡ
ַˣǿ츳Ǳúгദǿ໥ָԷٽ໥ɳǣȴݱ־棬ַ㣬ڼ̤
΢գɽ̾ϢţĴˣһٴ
ɱҰɡڵϣַ㵭˵һƺЩĵľȻַ㣬ַ㣬һֱҪַܵ㣬ͷ̤塢̤ϡ
ַͷĿһۣɱ
ôһ˿ѪϵȻҲϣҲܷ㸸׺ĸͬѪԣˡ㲻
ַ㵭˵һȴңַ㣬ˡе޾֮⣬ַУֻΪһѪϵַŲɱ
Ŀתַûٿǿʯϵ塣
΢ļһûܵһ֣һաַ㵭˵һĿ⽩ַ㣬Ҫ
ңַ㣬ȷʵʵ侳صַ׾ٵļ̤ţǿܶԸַ
΢ļһ񣬾ȻѾ־壬вˡ
㡣ַֿƣˣȫҪһŹ
ƵɫͬһΪһʹȴΪַһ
ɨʯ֮ϺַĿ⻺תֿȺˡҵ˻ŵˡ
ַĿ⣬һһǵɨ
֪ǶɱңңҲжΪеĳЩˣһһֱڣһţҵαװ֮˺£η壬ڣҲǣһţǵĩգҲǾһ
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ҾףԸδȵս̨֮ϡǿĮĻӦȻ㲻Ҳɱ㡣
ѩȣþǵΪɱҵĻ𣿡
ַ㵭ķһԷΪ侳أַĨɱ侳صǿƺһ㲻ѣֻҪǿ֣㹻Ը侳صˣңѩ޳߹ַ㣬ӡһַףҲǾ޴Ļúϧַ㲻ţץλ֮Ըһ侳صˡ
侳صǿɫһĶַ㣬ûѩ֮󣬺ܿĻٶԸַˡ
ַĳɳٶȣʵֲ̫
㲻лģΪһѩȵս̨֮ϡ
һĮַĿһתʯϷѪɷԷϣɷŨҪɱַ㡣
ԣ㲻лţһīҲ˵һ˵ı̬ȺסˣǿߣҪַ
̨µȺַгԹ˶Цˣûַ㣬һѩȵս̨֮ϣлȥĻᡣ
ѪɷҪɱīҲҪɱַ㻹
ַ㣬ˡ
ܲܵȵء̵ַЦ£ˣӵһף֣һֱѡġ
ߡһĶַ㣬ȴַĽŲһ磬صʯԭλϣķѵʱѾˣѩ޳ҲûдߴѾǺܸˡ
ĿַŲȥ漴ս̨ϣĿ⿴ַ㣬Ƕˣɱĸ
ĵָ֣һʹƣԼŵ塣
һ仰Լһָƺ۾ƺˣģǺַһġ
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ĪϧЦ£Ҳ˵һأ˵ɫޱȵѿĺ;ĪϧҪַɱǣ
ԽԽȤˣѩȣܿҪ߳ˡ
ȺЦŵղţѪɷīһ𿪿ڣвַ㣬Ҫɱַ㡣
ڣĺ;Īϧһ˵ҪַɱˣγڱԼǣַ㡣
Ųúһֵսʮǿ֮ʱǿߵײҪʼˡ
ĸɱѡĸɣĻɲ̫ˡ
ַ΢΢һĨЦ⣬ܰĺ;ĪϧҪɱˣΪʲôҪܾ
Īϧ΢΢ַһΪŮ밡ɱ
ɡָ˵ɫһĽŲ̤˳ȥģܱҪԾĪϧöˣϾĵʵ侳۷壬϶ûа˴ǿ֮һľĪϧ
ߣĵĽŲһûκεĻֱӶ֣ϣ͸żɱ⡣
ɱңûôס
һĹһϢţƣ׼ֱʹսȫԸ
𣿡
һĮ漴Ʒĵԭʧˣ漴һֱӡüģ
ţ
ȺĿҲǣô£
һĸղŻһξ룬ΪͻȻ͵ƵߣֱӡƵԴϡ
⡢ôܡ
Ƶ³һ漴建ĳź浹ȥĵȴһƮȻɣصַߡ
ɱƣֻҪһ
ˣʹȫ


0643 ʮϯλ
ոµ֮վӺ̫ʦҲվһʹƣҲˡ
ңɱƣֻһ˵ĺݺݵĳ鴤ţһȥѩ¹ɻӵ·糾ʹǰ˼ˣһΣԴӣǿߵʹǰμѩȣⱾҫ֮;Ȼ˿̣ȫˡ
ʹһʣȫĨɱ
ڣλٻ磿
ĿĶַ㣬һУȫΪַһˣЩ⣬һҹɱַ㣬ɱǿҲһûлȥȫ˻ҰУɱַҲֵˣûУַɻţڵĽ֣ԽܵĽ֡
ɱɱַ㣬ĲΪˣ
ĿѪԣһҪɱַ㡣
ʬȥɡѩ޳һۣ˸Ƶʬߣѩ޳Ŀʱ˵ϣֵˡ
Ųһ磬ս̨֮ϣĿһɨһϣɫһ
ɡ국³һӲͷƤ߳аù꣬Ȼѡ֣侳صʵôܹ궷
ֻ֪һȭԵֱӽĹѣһΪףŹ
޵ͬѡһˣ͵һһܶԷûгڶС
ˣǾĪϧ
ĪϧŲ̤ʱɫѿԼŵˣûǾĪϧղŵĻҪһɱһˣԼĻɱƣôĪϧȻҪɱġ
Ȼ̤ս̨ľĪϧĿֱϣ彩Ӳɫ˲ò԰
ѵҲҪܵڶʹһ
˿ǰվŵǾĪϧӣпԭΪ˭֪ʤ˾ĪϧսܾܿĻᶼУĪϧһɱˣһоͽĨɱ
䣬սôһоͶˣò񹬵Ĵ衣
û֪ѩȵһֵʱѾˣΪûмʱĵõ֮ͨڶħУûȥɱˣֻŻȥģòߵڣѩ֮Уˡ
ɫһѿΪʲôΪַ㡣
ַ㣬þĪϧ뵽ҪԸģûַ㣬Ͳᷢ
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Ŀһɨַһۣ漴ڵҷ
˵ֱ꣬˸ս̨֮µȺУŵ˻۵һ
ߣһкûκεĹϵɲߣҪַģѪɷīһҪɱַ㡣
ˣѪɷսѪɷʤ
ˣīͬʤ
ڰˣ齣ʤ
ھˣ죬ʤ
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ʮһˣģʤ
ʮˣһý֮ˣһɫսĶ֣ͬý֮ˣȻǽ巡
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ʮˣһŮӣǹһǹΧȺоԼҪ⣬Ķ֣ɽ۹ѪѪѪսʮغ֮󣬰ܡ
ʮˣóѡĶ֣ǺڰִսĽ֣ڰִ̭ıƴϣ˶Է
ʮˣṦƾ߹ֺܶԷ
ǰʮˣȫǰʤˣûгһ⣬ֱʮˣûֿѡֻƷ
ǣһѩȾսĵһˣƷԵʮλսʤ˵ʮλǿߣõ˽ʮϯλһ
ɽ۹һУռˡַ㡢ġ޵ĪϧĻƷǳ
۹Ϸʣµʮλá
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˵ĿӿֳڴɫֻʣʮˣսǽǿʮˣѾҪʼǿǿ໥ײˡ
ַƷ⣬ˣ侳Ϊ
ȻַƷû˸ҷǵսˣַս侳صʱ޷֮ƷҲսʤ侳صǿߣ
ڣʮУûһӹµ֮еš
Ϣһʱ
ѩ޳Ⱥһۣ˵һʱʱ䣬ָԪ
ʱռ䶼ð˺ܶ࣬ȺСţƺ´ʯϵʮλš
ַСȦУĪϧַģЦŵ׼ս˭
Ҳ֪
ַ̯̯֣Уûһˣսٶ侳ص۷壬ġ
һĵ˵˾䡣
˻ѡȨұ㵹ùˣֻɱ׸ˡ
ƷЦ˵ڣֻʣʮˣôİˣֻеǰİѡˡ
Ҳһ
ǳЦ漴ַ㣺ַ㣬ѡңȻʤøң
ַ㿴ջȴǼᶨƵҡͷ˼ƶҲûá
ֵĿַһۣ漴΢΢£ôַߣ۾ա
ȫַ߳ǰǷĲλʶַͦ㰵һ
ûϣˡ
ֹһǰİˣһˣǰ


0644 һѪ
ַĵĻҲ̾õǵһס
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ûеôҡ
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ַ㣬һϡǵѩ޳ѣĪҪ˷һףڿеĺƺ˼֡
סһףȻ֮أҲ׵ĲͬõĻԵûҲͬһȻǵõõġ
˼ַ¶һ˿âлԵԽһΪʵܰ˴ǿţҲǲܵ¡
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ӻ֮ػˣٴλصͬһ㣬һһսÿһˣҪͶԷײ棬ܿ˭ʵǿʱһٸµĹȷѩյǰʮϯ
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ѩ޳˵⻰ʱƺǿַ㣬ַĿƺҲ˼֣ҪˣһսͬСɣʤ֣ǵһףҲܵõĪĻԵܣĩףʮס
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ʮ˵Ŀⶼַ㣬˵׽˭ȥַֻˣɼᶨΪַǰġ
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ٶ˵ַһ͡
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ðɣȻôţҾ͸ллҵĻᡣ
ַֻķڱϣǹӵĽϵĽϡ
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ѪǿĽ
ýġ
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ɱ
һؽ־ѪһţȺֻһĨѪһţ˵ӰһҪ漴оһͷһԼһѪۣ
졢ҵĽ죡
һ³ģҵĲţ


0645 ʥ֮˵
죬ҵĽ죡
ַȺĶĤв죬˵ĿⶼĶӰĸλãһ֮ȺɫǺȻʧɫ
˸ѪȻһѪӿַĽУѪѪ
ĽȻѪ
˿ѪַĽ϶ȥԴַ̧㣺㡭ʲô
Ѫַ䵭ĻӦѾʮǿһ֣սҲû̫ϵֻǻ֮սĪĻҡҲ㣬ܹøǿԺӵҫۣϧȴҪΪҲ
ѪһѪʣַûٿˣǽŲһ磬صʯ֮ϡ
ȿˡɻ˵Ѫɣϴһ˿֮Цǰ̣Ȼȴһ
建׹䣬ս̨֮ϣѩ޳һָʱһĨն𣬽ʬգĿʼƽȻȴַ࿴ӵ츳Ҳͬܿ£һ̤
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ŸɾĴ۾ƾһʱҲ֪νͣ򵥵ĵѩţʥݣҲͨˣԳǵ˵񹬣ʥݣҲֻһ
ŵĻȴƾͺһĿһ貵ķâ
ѩţʥǣͨˣǿص񹬣ʥݣͨ
ʥݣһȻ
ʥݣ̲סһ
ƾȴҡҡͷڻǲҪ֪ĺãڣǻûʸӴȵʸӴˣȻ֪ˡ
ģ磬϶Ҫ߳ѩ¹߳ѩ򣬳Ϊ½ǿߵġŵСȭͷţţַš
ַ㣬ĺ񣬾үүĸҥһʱ־Ҫ̤ɽӣ
κض౯ûߵ󣬲չˣڣַ㵱ĸһַ㣬ĸ硣
ƾ׷׵ͷԵģַ㣬һΪ½ǿߵģǣӦֻССѩ¹ѩ
ѩȵս̨֮ϣ̤ս̨룬ڶˣѡԼĶ֡
ҲַһֻʤܰܣΪŵģǵڶöףˣڶö׾Ҫóȥĩס
Ŀ⿴ʯϵӰǰʮˣûȥ룬ַԼ⣬ǰ˴ǿˣûаա
ĺƷҲ޳ôҲʶ֮ˡ
ѡɡ
ָŮӣʮǹŮӡ
ŮӼѡĿޱ飬ʼ͸һɱϢһĹһ
Ųһ磬ĵĶ档
һʤΣĶŮӿ˵ԷĿĿһۣ漴ͷá
һսʤܣӰ춼ɱѩȵʸˣûɲӦĵһʤҪ󣬲Ҫȥ̫ƴ
Сˡ
Ļ£ŲͻȻǧӰΣ廯һӰս̨룬ȫǲӰ޷ֱ塣
ŮƽƶȻ䣬ռһ䣬׵׵·˪ѩг֡
ȡ⣡
꣡
ȺֻоһɺǵϢϮȫ嫵ս̨Ȼȫһ˪ս̨룬ȫסˣ·ʱնҪͣ
ǧӰΣĵһ߾߲Ӱ·Ҳ˱ѩУܣռ䣬ֹ
ÿµĺ⡣ַͫһīü֮䣬żƺ˪壬Ҳоһɺ֮Ϯ
ɺ⣬ĵԼӰȫס
ţˣ
ʱȺһӰУһӰǱŮŲƶȥ
ĿתŮ˲֪˭Ųһһѡһѩ׵ı˪ֱӳӡȥ
ƣŭһϸŵıѣɫĳƮȻʧһƾʧֱӳŮӵǰ
𣡡һ촫ĵƺͶԷűǵײһ̼䣬ĵĻ¶һ㺮ǣٶȱ⡣
ģˣ
ʱ·һ̣漴һ촫ŮӵȻһƮ˼ʮףеıɣǣȴһѪ
ԭˡ¶һ˿ȻɫĵԸűǣ壬ĵر֮
ʤˣ
ŮӽŲһ磬˻Զ촫ϵıҲ߽⣬Ҳס˵ڶף


0646 ǿǿԾ
³۱Ǳ΢ЩӲĳһսʤҲס
ʣµʮˣûһߣٶӵ侳۷սģκһսܵġ
Ųһ磬Ļصʯ֮ϣַ㿴ɸһ㺮˪ֱһӣʱһɳȵϢĵϣϵĺ˪ʧӰ١
ллĶַ¶һ˿ǳЦַͷӦ漴ֽĿͶս̨սսѡʮλǿ󣬻ǿߣȻֻһȭ
óǣһȭȥ޷ܣ˲ˡ
λ̤ս̨Ķ޵Ҳʾѡʮӣ͵һһУޱȰԵ
ˣĿֲԵ
ȺĿڵͶ޵תȺѾ˶޵Ǵһѩ¹߳ģֻ˶޵ǿ󣬲аӣһԺ͵Եš
ң˵޵˻֪޵óģǷӡӵе꣬Ƿӡ֮ţڣȴûһ˼ʶ
սֵ˾Īϧ
Īϧߵս̨֮ϣȴüͷǺһĨЦ
塭ĪϧһеһۣƵֹһַ㵽޵ѡʮλԺˣʮԺľֻʣˣһġһƷ
ˣƺ˼ѡ
ôܹѡˣֻõ׵ĵõʮ׵ġ
˷ֱǣѪɷī졢ľ
ţ
ȺƺҲƺЩһ
㣬ɡĪϧڿˣʯϵĳˡ
īһ㶣һַѪɷȻһұ߷
漴ĿٶȿĪϧֻĪϧ۾ûתǿ
Ŀ΢΢һīøľȤĪϧѡ
ȺҲ£Īϧںī˵
漴һ貵ĿȺбûпĪϧѡī
Īϧɽ۹ţ˴ǿ֮һڶֵѩȣõ˵ס
ī۹ţ˴ǿ֮һڶֵѩȣõǵס
ڣĪϧҪīս

˷ܵĹâȺתȺģڣҪǿǿԾô
ͬΪ˴֮һǾĪϧǿī
㣬ѡңī建վĿ⣬žĪϧ
ȥһǷֿѪɷ˳ۣѪɷ֮ǰһ㣬ԣֻѡˡ
ĪϧһȺĿһЩЦãɣĪϧðײΣգսī
áܺá
īɫŲһ磬ս̨գͷ˿˿ǿĮϢžĪϧʯеˣҲҪһ㣬ҵҪеĵöףܱܲס
ǾҪʵˡ
ĪϧʼôĵȻϣȫκεĽգɣƺͲںֻţѾûнīУĪϧδ¶˭֪ء
ῴġ
īϵϢô䣬Ұ֮ɫ֮
ɱ
һŭ֮ī³õİͼƾճžĪϧѹȹȥ
սˣҪʼսˡȺһˣ˴ǿ֮һײ
䣡
ĪϧϣһɽɫϢ𣬷·һУгȥ
Īϧ£ȫ֣Ʈ˿̵ľĪϧƽվ΢΢ͷīȺ·ǿʥ˰㣬ǹҪ˶Ĥݡ
䣡
ͼƯյУǳĽɫ⻪գ޷ѹȥֺǹƴΰĪϧȺУ·޵İθߡ
䣡
嫵Ľɫʥ֮ٶȳ𣬻һ쫷磬ǰͼ飬ĪϧϵҡֱϣҪ롣
ǿ
ȺȫһǵһοĪϧͷϢǿϢĪϧģʲô
ţ
īĿһͣİͼĪϧͷŵϢƣô

ĪϧŲһ̤棬¡֮죬ϯϣ£ǹԽԽǿ
ɽ
һ³ط¡¡ɫ֮īɱȥǹӰƬռ䣬ú嫵ս̨֮ϣȫ͸һ
ƣ
īԪŭţҰ˫ԽԽ䣬ֲХǹɳ֮ϡ
¡¡
ֲϢīֻоÿ£ѹһУ·޷ѹƣεѹơ
ҫǳ
Īϧһ¡أɽҫǳ
ؼ䣬Ψ֮
ȺľҵĲţһĿޱȵ£ǵУƺ˿˿УԲλ֮Уǹ֮£е޴ӶΡ
īҲΪλᱻѹƣս־ΪλᱻѹƣǴϵѹȹʥ֮ɫŤôĪϧôôֲ
ԡ
īŭһ˫ԽԽͼйɱǹ
ѹаħΨңһȻ
Īϧ裬ÿһ£ǿһ֣¡ײ֮޾ͼѡ
īȻͼ޷ͷš
䣡ϢŶīְͼ졣
ˡڴʱѩ޳һīĿһ
ս˽ټȥɡѩ޳˵һģһβƽȻĪϧģǺȻһսսѾ֪֣


0647 
ţࡣ
ѩ޳аĪϧһĺȻѵá̫ѵˣȻɲôġ
ҪȻһǿ츳֮⣬ҪƷУ֮а֮Ť֮ˡİ֮޷ĺȻ
ȻҲڵ֣Ե֡
Ϊֹ
ī̧ͷѩ޳в⣬˭óղžĪϧѹ˦һôܾʹ˰֣Ҫһ
Ѿˡѩ޳īĻīɫһӵѿѩ޳˵棬˵Ѿˡ
㲻ʵϣҲѾϣҪģһ棬ǵ̬ȥǼĻĻͬĻõĺôҲ࣬ʱľս㻹Ҫܡ
ѩ޳ī˵īɫӲҲѩ޳Ļ˵ϾīҲǱˣĪϧʵȷʵǿһȻѹаħңѾ׼ʹ꣬ĪϧȴûУĳ̶ֳȶԣѾˡ
ǻսġīĮɨ˾Īϧһۣ漴Ʈ˻صԼλϡ
ʱ㡣Īϧ̹һЦôȻ΢һȻʧֻƽ̫ͨ꣬쳣
һĪϧصʯϣȺеĵλȴڲϵİθߡ
Īϧ֮ǿߣꡢ޵ĪϧˣǴ˴ѩǿˡ
ַǺõ˵һö׺͵ڶöףҪ;ĪϧȣӦûһΪ࣬ǻ޷;Īϧȵġ
ĪϧһȻʵǿ󣬾īѹƵģͬΪ˴ǿţǻвģսһ˭Ҳ֪˭ǿ˭ĪϧīǺܺõӣ֮ǰִȣƺĪϧûбֵ̫ۣΪҲſһֱƽˮ̬ܶΪĪϧ͵ΪʵСʵ࣬͵һʵ˵Ըѡ
Īϧս֮󣬱ǵսˣսѪɷս
Ѫɷվ֮Ŀϣѡһս
ĵϴǳǳЦݣеѩ޳ǰʵܷܲһս
Ⱥһ㶣漴ҲģһλŮӣҪսѪɷȷʵѣ䣬γһǵѡ
ԣѾսǲսѩ޳˵ͷ
ллǰĵǷǳĸɴ࣬Ѫɷ䡣
ߣѪɷһһֶΣȴû뵽䣬սδսʤоôˬ֮ǰĪϧһƯս
ķֵսˣѪɷѡΪѪɷѾսܣֱֵ
ʣ¿ѡĶֻ֣ʣˣ졢ͫľƷ
ǺͿľսʤδ֪֮ͫɷ˵ƷսСҪԿľĿ˸ţЩΪѣգԵ죬С꣬һΣ
Ļ˼΢΢˵ͷȻѩ޳ǰս䣬㵱Ҷ˷ɡ
˿̣ǵս֮⣬Ѿôǿˣøǣѩ޳˵ĻʲôܷǵΪһøǿ
Ҳá
ѩ޳ûоܾͷӦһ۾˿ľϣʣ¿ľƷˣûѡ
һսǿľսƷǿľܣײȻƷܣͲܵκεӰ죬ΪƷʮУױĩβ֮ˣһöס
Ҫս𣿡
ľƷһۣûпսֱ̨ʯʵġ
һ԰ɡ
ȺΪƷܾʱƷ￪ˣⳡսʵɵģпޣȻȺΪƷﲻսʵǡ෴ƷҪս
ľҲ£漴һâȻҪսɡ
˵գĽŲȿս̨֮ϣֱƷ
ҪսĻˡľϸ΢ȴϣ͸һɿ֮˫ήûиɫʵͫף䡣
ƷҲս̨֮ϣſľͫľʶһӺζ
ҳȫ㡣
ľһͫף˲ÿݼšţΧĿռ䣬·һÿݼûκɫƷվǰԶϵģһɿµĿݼϢ·ʱή˥ϡ
ܿ죬ͻ׿ͫζ
ݼŽŲ΢΢̤һһɿ¿ή֮š
ƷǣȴǹһĨЦ⣬ȤЦ⡣
ܱǸˣһս䡣
ƷͻȻ˵˶סˣղŻҪҪսƷͻȻ䣿
ݲÿľ˼⣬ƷѾ˻ʯ֮ϣǳЦĿ⿴ſľֻһѣѾܵˣԣûбҪսˡ
ˣңľֵ
ţλϣһսġƷɢЦˣŻϣһս¾ţƷ䣬ǳȫˣһֵսڽˡ


0648 
ȺҲúɻƷΪƷֻΪ̽һľϢ
ƷҲ˵ûдǵȷϣսǿԸ쿴ѩ޳еĻʲô
ľһصʯ֮ϣʮˣϣʮλǿˡ
ѩ޳Ŀɨʮһۣ漴˵ãѩȵǰΣ͵˰ɣھߣٵ֮ս
աȺĿ΢΢һѵһȥҪղɣ
ʮλǿͷҲ΢Щɣ⵽ȥʲôطҪʱ䣬Ȼᣬû˻ҡͷ˵û˻Ը
ǰԳҲ˲ˣȥѡַ˵΢΢ͣ£ͺǱһ룬Ϊ˱ܿһЩҪ߿գַܹģʱ䣬Է̫顣
ģѩ޳ַʵ
ַָָŵˡ
ã˭ǸҶˣΪУɱ⣬һ˱λѩ޳ַе飬㶼Ҫϣȫ£գֻҪԼ££ʲôᷢ
ãַлǰˡѩ޳΢΢֣ѩ޳˵˭ҶǾΪУִӦ˻źҲܻᷢʲôˡ
˭ʲô𣿡ѩ޳ֿһۣ˷׷ҡͷʾûˡ
ȻûµĻλɡѩ޳תŲһ磬ʱȥ
պҡ
ַźǺһ漴Ųһ磬նҲһ׷̤ԪХԶȥ
еƲ㷭ѩ޳ѩǿʮգƺƵƼ䴩̤ƶС
ַ㣬˵εĻʲô
Īϧַɽ۹˲УΨж޵ûкһ𣬶޵δ濴һۣʼ͸һΨ֮·صˣˣΪģ˳Ӧ
벻ַ΢΢ҡͷһӦò͵һֵѩҪȥᣬҪѩ޳֮⣬ĵһƺͬѰңÿһöףƺõĻҲһַ㣬ܹµνĻʲô
һֵѩѾйᣬУȫͨô˴εĻܲǹ似ȣȻνĹ似ôп򹦷似ΪĻ
Īϧ²˵ѩ޳˵ˣ֮սÿһ˶Ҫսѵλܹıսĸ֣
Ҫ֪Žʱ䣬ʱȻǲܵģôλƾʲôܹЩŵʵ仯Ӷıսĸ֡
ڣ˭Ҳַ֪;Īϧ֪Ҳһ֪
Լʱҵʱ䣬ѩ޳ٶڱ仺ǰһ֮ݣһƬԻ֮ء
ˡ
ѩ޳˵һŲô̤յͣȺҲͣĿȴһǰͣµѩ޳Ӱ
ˣ
ʱǵǰʲôûУֻзǵˣ
ѵ
ڴʱ𺳵һĻˣǰͻȻҵķ֮һĨ⻪ϣͷ͵һ
ǵǰһ֮ţĴſڲУſ
ǡ
Ⱥͷ̫ˣ֮ţղţﻹǷڣ֮ſ棬ж죬·һ硣
ɡ
ѩ޳Ų̤֮˽ȥȺҲһŲ֮ŵУ̼䣬ֻоһŨԼԪǺ泩ࡣ
ˬԪŨ
ַ𾪣عͷ漴֮ŻıպϣǣȷʵһƬռ䵱УƲ㷭ԪϢ֮ء
⻭棬͸оǰַڵӾпɾ
ǰһϵĽɹ
ǰģ񹬡
ѩ޳˵Ⱥһ񹬣Ƭ֮أԭ񹬡
ƲʵأһԶ߶ȺڸǣһƬ磬ֻһѡ
Ȼûм޵ġַĲƽܹһ磬û뵽ģʲô磬ܹһ
ѩ
Զһ׵곯̤ѩ޳΢΢˵ͷƺѩ޳Ϊ
겻ʮ͸ŵϢɲ⣬īˣҲǰ˴ǿһϴ͸ıף˸һ㵭⣬ҫĿ
˾ͽˡѩ޳˵һǱ΢΢ͷպһǻ
áѩ޳ͷ漴˵Ƕȥɣȥȥ֮ء
˵Ŀ⿴ֻҲǣĿв⣬ƽ͸˿˿
ѩǿţˣаһȻ˻ܻ˵ġ
ôϲΪĿ⣬졢ԼĵλŮϣͣһ͸ż֮ɫĵüͷ΢һƺмֲãҲû˵ʲô
Ǹɡ
˵һһ磬ǰ̤ɣǶ
ǰһǰƮĹȺ̾Ǿס֮ذԪŨޱȣҼ༫󣬶ǶĹɾһ㡣
ǴǰֵطڶѾ֪ʲôΪˡ
ԽǿĹȺеҲԽǿ츳еǣ
ѩ޳񹬻Ȩޣֻܴ̤񹬣طȥˣԣҪҴȥȺ˵һȺоȣѩ޳ʵֻһ񹬵ĺܶط̤룬ú嫵񹬡
˵ȷʵôϲˣ̧Լۣ


0649 ϯ
ȺУƮĿռȺǰȺһۿ񹬵ľͷ
񹬣к嫡
ַĿ˸а˵ôãȴɿԵ񹬵к嫣һʽ޼ǿգ
Щַ㶼͸񹬵ˣʵжǿ
ʱַĿڿ˾ͷȻҲоͷǰ棬һյĿռ䣬ֻмһʮ׵ͨͨһΰľţż֣񹬣
񹬷ΪĴλ֣񹬣ԱΪҪǽģǱ񹬣嫵񹬵֮أѩ̤ڡ
Ⱥ˵漴Ų̤뱱񹬵С
ַʮǿߣ׷̤УⱱڣղȣŸǾס֮ڵһ嫵ĹҪСЩңʱῴ֮أﳵ֮ڱڣȺˡ
Ҫܵ
꿪һ񹬣ͷ˲ʱ䡣
ǰˡ
˵һۣ񹬣ǰ¶ûмʶ˴Ҳǿ۽磬Ħһγһ˽֮ǿ֮ǿ෴˼ԼСҪΪԼѩţĿһУʵ治ʲôţҼţ̫ˡ
ţ
ȺĻܲˬŴ̶ͺڼ֪ǼʶǳĿˡ
Σ걻̣ͫһʵ
ڱУϵʡ
񹬣ŨԪҲΪϵʣˡĮ³һúüͷһعͷŵЦһۡ
֪ߵغ񡣡˵ڣȺǰһϺ嫵ĴڴǰһӰƺȴǣӦĿĵصˡ
ȻֻŲһ磬ǴǰĿյؽ䣬ȺӰмһˣ΢Щĵ˴ˡ
ࡣǱ꣬ŵ󣬵ȴƮȻ֮Ϣã˿ƽƽûо֮ҲûǿߵİԵ֮оֻǴһ˿ɲƮ֮
ˣ񹬹֪Ϊжǿ
а²⣬Ŀ⿴꣬ǣ޷͸
ܹлλѩţұ񹬣Ǳ㶼ҵĿˣҲΪλ׼磬ӷϴ󣬱λ񹬵Ľ򡣡
񹬵Ĺûаĸ֮߰Եƽ׽ˣƺǡ
磿ַе񹬣Ϊ׼磬ԽԽף񹬣ҪΪˡ
ַΪƵǣⱱ񹬹ԣһӰУһЩòŮһʷǷ츳ʵǵĿ⣬ȴ֮䣬ַомֲڡ
ôо񹬣ܹŹ֡
񹬣ҪʲôУѩȣƺҲǱƣǾٰѩȵĿģʲô
ֻǼ򵥵˿ѩڵǺˣ
ЩǰȺû⣬ʱһһʼȺԺС
ȺһŮӵӰΡƲˣڷųϸ΢м䱱ΪҲвٵϸ΢ʷΡ
ˣλѩţϯɡⱱȺһ˵ʱȺ׷תν磬һ˸žâ
ǣ磿
ֻ֮ϣڷ֮˾Ʋ֮⣬ݡҩ
ΪʳԵҩΪ磬磬ǷҲ̫ݳޣңҲͨݣҩƮŵҩ㣬Ⱥоˬ
񹬡ַ̾ϢһǿӵеĲƸһҹ磬ݵҩΪʳͨ˸޷ģһһӡսսͻƣΣгɳΣбĥۣ׷Ѱ֮;
ҲֲֿʵֻҪָ㣬ͬд衢ǿĹ似żȥٸԵҩ׾ͿԴﵽݸǿƴһŬﵽĳɾͣߡ
ǲ죬ĲͬĲͬǰ෽ôơ
ȻַҲԷƱ֮ͽĥΣУ˱̭֣ЩɳˣľӢһҲ˻Ե˾Ĺ似Щŵսûġ
ַ㵱ȻҲϣһЩǿľӢǿߣԲгɳȥĥ¡
֮ԣˣӵȻ֮ƣҪǣǵĳôȥĥǡ
ЩݸǿߣǵĲȴȽһһֻҪһߵߴɰơ
񹬵ԣȺѩţݸڣڴǻһҪץסɳ
롣񹬵ĹЩ㶣ٶȿڵȺŷ׷ϯ
񹬵ĹλЩ˵Ůԣ⣬мʵǿҲϯ֮ϡ
ҶλſܻϤ֪ܷԼһ񹬹Ц˵һɺòûаʢ֮
۹ꡣ
ڱ񹬹׷ĵȿڵ
Ѫ꣬񹬹΢΢ͷ֪ˡ
ѩ¹޵
޵̫ӣѩ¹ܳ޵̫ţܿɹ󡣡񹬹ƺԸţָơ
۹Ѫɷ
۹
ȺһԼ񹬵Ĺ˵ܵǵֱַ֣㿪ڡ
ѩ¹ַ㡣
ַĽͬ򵥣һα񹬹ȴûܽӻһ㶣ѩ¹ַ㣿
õϢУûôһţҲ˵ַ㣬û߽񹬵ߣڣȴǰ


0650 Ŀ
ַ㣡񹬹૵һַ㣬Ҳѩ¹֮ˣѩһλ̤ʮϯλȷʵѵá
ңַ֣㣬Ϊֻ侳ضѣˣƷ⣬Ͷ侳Լˣַ֪ߵһġ
ΪҲΪѵˣϣ̤֮ʵܸһ㣬ȡС񹬵Ĺַ΢ЦŵͷַΪܹѾֵҫˣĩβһҲΪ档
ַ΢ЦŻ񣬵Ҳûнӿ˵ʲô
ɽ۹ĪϧַԵľĪϧ˵
ɽ۹һ˴̤ǰʮ֮˹ϯ񹬻סҼνġ񹬹ԾĪϧһЦþĪϧҲĸο֣еĻҪãַƷ̤ʮϯλ
Ⱥһһҽϣ񹬹һˬ˵λ⡢ؾϯɡ
˵ɣ񹬹ԵŮԼЩ׵˵ǲһֱҪʶһλѩڵѵõĻᣬύһ
Щ˶׷׵ͷŮӷ׷׶ƱǵӶȥ
Щ꣬ǶĵϣĶˣϴһɱɧкǳЦѩ׵쾱޳˳£̲סҪӽǸ֮ء
Ȼ꣬ߵȴǰǣġ
޸߹ĽȻͬȴͬ䲻ȻȴԽԽζ
ԭģС㣬ɷŲһλãһƼĿ⿴ģżֱ֮ζͬʱĪϧԣǶһŮӣˮ
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ַ㿴ǰһĻһȻôоⲻᣬڡף
ŮӢۣſҲѹ˹أЩ񹬵Ůꡢ޵ĪϧˣΪŮֻλһλֱ꣬һˣλŮӶܳڡʲͬϲ
ַĿ⿴ңַоĪϧַģǶǰΨм䣬ʽ
侳Ϊ磬ҲѹֱЩŮϡ
ȴڴʱһŮžƱߵַߣһңһ˿Цɫ漴һַԱߵĿյأҿһ𣿡
Ȼַ΢Цŵͷ⴩һǳɫȹŮڵ£ϴżΧĸ룬ƺǿַڿԼַƱ漴һڡ
ַҲһھƣǰŮӦЩŮˣȴûкһżֹ¶֮⡣
㲻ϲַΧַ˾䡣
Ů̧ͷַһЦ񹬣ҪѪ

ַһͣŮһ仰ƺһЩ飬ϯ֮ϣ񹬵ĹЩŮԼЩѩŽӴγڶǽдϣ񹬣ҪŮϣɾѪ
ԣŻһ硣
Ҷˡ
ַ΢Цŵͷ
Ůͷƣ뵽ʲô㣬ԴͻȻ̧𣬿ַ㣺㿴ҶΣ
ַĶͷּߣҲУ
Ҳǣ˵ΪЩȴ츳ǵѪӦҲ̫ŮȴżֿЦ
Ȼ㲻ϲαҪǿԼȥѰԼϲ֮ˣǸãַ
ΪŮˣ츳ףЩһ㣬Ǳû̫ѡעǽܰţ䱻ŵˣβһ˳۵ˣ츳ΪһЩҲûйϵ
ĵӵǺܴ󡣡ַЦҡͷռôԱ񹬹Ϊģǵ̸
֪вԸҲΣֻҪ񹬵ּ±ɣԹҲᡣŮĵԵúںַ㰵ȤŮˣԼϲһŮ
ѾˡַЦ
ԵƺַĻ߿һۣ漴תĿ⣬źȥɣҶûȤ
ɫһղĵȥľܾ漴ֱ¶Լ⣬ȴû뵽ֱ˵ľܾɫҲ΢ЩӲܲÿ
վкûһֱת߿ַŮһ飬ĽŲ΢΢ͣ£Ů濣ԽԽûϢˣ侳أƺҲͺΪ޼ɡ
˵ɣ߹Ŀ⻹мɨַһۣղŵĲ췢й濺ַϡ
°ԴΪԼжţʵ񹬣겻١濵˵Ҳõ壬ȴܾв֮ģ˲ŻиղһĻ
ַ΢΢ͷȡǰľϵһöҩУʱһ֮Ϯȫò·ڵԪ֮һ֡
һʱȺصԼλãЩŮҲλ
񹬵ĹˣЦѩſܣЩҲſԼŮҾٰ˴磬ҲڴǣߵһȻãϣܶӴһ
ˣҿλҲ棬ȴɡ
񹬵Ĺվ漴ն𣬵
˵ȫһ¶â磬ԶŮ鳤˶úܵʵִŵ׷
βȺһڿգű񹬹ŲҲȥǱ񹬹νĽ򣬵ʲôҪõĻˣ


0651 ̤
˱񹬵ĹԼѩʮ֮⣬Щ񹬵ſҲһһǰ
һʱ̣ǰһƬ֮أû˺嫵Ĵƺֻһ¹⣬£ڷƲ֮ϡ
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񹬡Ŀռ䣬
˼УһƬռ䣬л·Ƕ磬񹬣᲻Ҳĺһ
ȺͻȻ뵽Լ̤ƬĿռ䣬õᦣƻᦵ䣬ƺҲĻϲ⣬ҪһУòײӶݳԼĸڷӴ˲̤ƬռˣΣա
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Ųһ磬񹬹գ
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񹬹Ⱥ˵һȺȻѹ̭ʣʮǿߣԭӵʮֻʮ̤С
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õö֮ˣƾеףǵʮĺ͵ʮȽ֮Űɡ
񹬹Ⱥ˵һʱƷʮ̤֮ǰУȡȽ֮ŵһ۵Уռ俪ʼ֮ţһǿ˵Ӱʧ
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Ŀַһۣ񹬹ֵλʮλ׷׽ӦĽаɡ
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ꡢ޵꣬ǰϵУַ㾹ȻڣģҲȣӦڵڰ˾ϯλźʡ
ѵǶ˷壿񹬹аһ漴ٴοڣġ壬ȥɡ
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ȥˡĶַ˵һ漴Ųһ磬Եڶףڶ
ʱʮˣΨʣһˣַ㣡
ַ㣡񹬹ԼڳȺȫסˣʣµһˣһȻַ㡣
ǣַ侳ؾ磬ôõһ׵ģ
ȤºЦ侳صܾ꣬ء
ǵһף񹬵ĹַʵƺЩɡ
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ҺⰡ񹬹ַ̾㣬һҪúøܣҸʱ䣬ֻһ֧֮ã㣬ҪúϧѵõĻڵΪаԺҲĪĺô·
šַ˵ͷѩ޳ǿһĲͬ죬ⱱ񹬵ĹҲǿһй֮
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޳ʮ˵ϯλЩҵԤϣ˵˵ѩȵʮˣֱΣ񹬹ѩ޳ʵ
ǡѩ޳ͷͶ޵ˣʵԵǿ󣬵񣬶ûоȫĶ֣ǰУλе͵ģľĪϧľǺȻɲ⣬꣬ɲꣻѪɷʮĿľǵʵ̫ҲεĽ֮УܹӰǵλ
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ĺַ㣬ǶıأҲӦǰʮս˴ελΣ治˵ѩ޳ҡͷǰʮϯλֻʮЩˣлᡣ
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ַ㣡ѩ޳ͣ£漴ӣԺܿ£侳صΪʹǿ񹬷ܹ׻ɱ侳۷ǿߣңͣӦСģǱҲ͸


0652 ֮
侳أ׻ɱ侳أ񹬹Ŀ΢΢̣¶˼֮ɫ
ѩ޳㿴̤һУΣ񹬹ʵ
󣬾Ϊһ᲻٣⣬侳ΪҲս侳ءѩ޳
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ѩ޳һַ㣬Ҫַ磬ô
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΢΢£ַ죬ֻΪַ˴ҲԸȥ˴ڨַߣԼҲû뵽ַ㾹ǵ츳ùӣԿַ㡣
濻ᾡű񹬹΢΢ǷԴţǷһ˿Ц
񹬵Ĺ΢΢ͷ漴Ŀ⿴ŮǶұĺ󱲣ѩȵЩˣ츳ѩǶ⣬ǶЩˣԼֶŬﵽһףԺ󾭹񹬵سɴ˭޷ϣܹץסǵģǶ񹬻Ƕǣкô
ǣ궼׷ӦŮӿ濣Ŀ¶Ĩ⣬˱ַ㣬õӣϧûп壬Ҳֲˡ
ˣȥԳ񹬹Ųһ磬˸˲ʧӰ
ȺһҪȥ߳ȥףַ㡣
ȺУɫÿжЩѩȵǿ̫ģȴӣҪ붯ߣȥһղŻˣоܲ

ַУʱһŨµԪԪŨ̶ȣǱԪŨ񹬻ҪŨ屶磬Ũʮ
ʮŨԪֻҪܹϣٶȣ磬ҪʮǸֲ֡
ʮŨԪ֮⣬ռ䣬ƺûκε쳣ߡնʲôûУ£ȴй
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ڣ˴δ˿̣֮䣬Ψַ㡣
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ַаһΪһﲻֻʮԪŨ̶ȶѣⲻһ
ϥ£ַĳУһƬߵĿռ䣬·Զŵļ䣬һôƽ־ޣ֮Ψһ
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侳֮Уվڻ߿ռ䵱УǱΨһ֮
ַϣͬһɽųХ֮ſռ䣬Ԫ˺һڣֻɿµĽ⣬¾ܽ˽ɱ
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ַȻſһµĽâģҲ֮ݺݵһ
ǰǻߵĴ֮ϣһ޽·بŵĴڣͻȻֵġ
޽֮ϣ޾Ľ־˵Ѿ˽־ķ룬ֻǿһۣ·ͷ·ܹоһ֮֮ϣҪ
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ַ־⣬Ҳ𺳵һĻýŲ˼ֻǱǿµĽȵúˡ
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ַĿǱԺеĽʱ˿̣ȴǰˣʵʵĳ֣ܹܵǹĽ־ǹڽ֮Դǽ㲻۾ȥȥܣ֪һ
ôԺ䵱еĽȻеĳҵǰ⡭
ַͷԸӣûܹȥ֮ȴʵʵĳǰһ̣ʲôܡ
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ŲǰַܵĽµĽʹżַ޷ǰȥ
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ַУΨ֣ܣ
ԽԽǿҲƿռ䣬ַΪģһɿµĽ׵ķַܣԣܡ
ܵʱȴоţƺìܣΪܵʱǹɽ̫ǿˣԤƣⲻӦȴϣǰǱӦû޿ռһó
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ַͷݺݵһ⣬ڱøӵǿֱĽŲǱ޽ǰеĸܵǱ
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΢΢׵ģַ㽫УΪģĽҪأַҿ϶ôǿЩѩţվǰʸûУµĽ⣬ͿĨһУռʳɷ顣
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0653 򽣡ħ
ַۣյУôǱĸ޿ƥе֮С
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Ҫȥȥ׷ʹܣǰԽƿأ֪ǿ١
ܹģȥաȥ򣬾ܶȥգɽ־ԼԺͻ̫ˡ
ѹǱ񹬵Ĺ˵úϧλᣬԺҲаԭˡ
ַаһƺһħеĻΪеʵȥ̫ˣлٶȣ֪жôĿ죬һҪʤµá
ߵĿռ䵱УĽƬռ䶼ռݣϢһӰ֮ϣ۾¶޾Ľţڲ֪УַԽԽԽ̣ÿһ֡ÿһ룬ڱ̡
ַУŵǱͷſµĽַ·ҪΪһ壬ˡ˼ǽڣ뽣ϣ
һĻ֪˶ãַɳУ޷԰Σεĸ򣬶ʵ̫аˣַżѹɲԸۣҪÿһ롢ÿһ̣ȥܡȥȥ򽣵
νԼǿ׵㲦һǿߵĵ㲦ܹƼգඥ˿ַԼΪǿߣǵ㲦ȥĸܣȵ㲦Ҫ̫ˡ
ʱַȻſֲĽâƿռ䣬д͸·Ŀ⣬ܻâɱΡ
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ַ̤״̬ڽУؽҹգƬŵĺڰռ䵱Уһ޷֮ϣɢɽ⣬ķ𣬶֮⣬ն֮⡣
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յУűǾűܰûа궯ַһţʱűɢһµħ⻪ںΪһΪһµħ֮
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ħһҲҹǱ޽ҪǱ޽ֻǴڹ뵱УõģħҿеӵУϧ޷ƿء
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ħħ֮ħ֮Ψħ𣬲˿̵ַ㣬ħ


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Ⱥģ˿ȴƽַʵ侳ؾ磬ؽ־ڼѪԼǿĽһɱ侳۷֮īȻīѾַˣ״񣬵ַ㱾ǿӹɣҪ¹ַʵˡ
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ľüַ㣬ƺмֲãȻʵγѪҪսʤң²ܣҲīǰꡣ
ΨһֶΣǰΪֻóһԸľ棬ʺϡַ㻺Ŀڣ̼䣬ϣһɿµĻХ棬ַ֣·ԡڻֵУռ䶼ž졣
ţȺһַ㣬ǿֶΣԸľѪû档
ҾĻ档ľϣһɿݼŵϢԽԽŨ·ľҪݼšҪһſſľ֮٣˳˫ַȥ
ַŲǰ˫һʱųȵĻ˫лۣľ֮˫ֵĻӡľ֮ΪޣֻҪ棬ͱա
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ַͫһ˫úڰ䣬·޵ħԨô䡢ô顣
ΧһУҲ޷ģӰ־һУôһϸ΢죬ǻԺг֡
ַ˫ڵͫףľľ̲ס΢΢£˫䣬ͫеĿݼϢ·Ҳ޷Ӱַֺ
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ǰϯλûˣַӦǴ˴ѩˡа˵ַʵ˵⣬˿̣Ѿλѩ˴еˣһ츳׵꣬ЦǰȻûʶ
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ȺһâԭˣҪΪַ㻹ûսȥսǣҵġ
ʱͷ֮ϣ·͸һɿµĽȫˣòһˣǿ󡢰Ե͡
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0664 ޼ս
˿̵ĿһУûģûַ㣬Ψ죬ҪĽ顣
ÿµĽַ㱻͹ˣƺҲ͹ˡȺȫһǽ⣬ÿ£Ҫˣؽ־齣ľ޷ֵסˣ˿룬᲻ὫĻɱ
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˵գַ㻺תûпһۡ
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ֻΪûԤϵַܹһǰɱȥǣ뿴һַյģսһսʤǰ壬ַȵ


0665 ѡĴ
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Ϊ֤Ϊ˸ףĵ汳ģΪսʤ죬²Ůˣַ㣬ܲս
һս޿ɱ⣬һսڱС
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ĮһУǿ齣־⣬߱Ѫһ߱ͬǱӵ־Ľ
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һѪɫâһţôҫۡô貣·ҪȾѪ
ַϿյ޾ѪɫâԽԽǿԽԽµĺХ֮
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˿ַһֱնһУһ򷨡
һͻɱīһǺƣȻһΣǿ֮ױȵٶȣ޿赲
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ȻʱȺѾȴߵ޾Ľâײֻǿǲҽзĵط齣ûȻһֱۣȴ˵ϣղǼٵѪɫһûҪ΢΢ƫ£Ȼֱȴֱڽбն
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˲֮䣬ˣõ
ϧˣһţһֱ۱ն䣬֮ҲҪˡ
Ŀ⽩˵ʦҲǳƮղǼ˿ȴ˵ңַնһֱۡ
Ѿǵڶַеˣһǰ˴֮һīڶͬǰ˴֮һ齣
սַʤǰϯλַѾܹǰ
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ǧ򲻸ãѡˣΪģΪʾĵʯ


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ַʵǰǱȻģѩȵҲܿǰ֮Уǲַ֪Ѫɷ֮˭һЩڵͶ޵ַҪսʤѡ
Ⱥа˵ַʵѾյλһսҪַսѪɷˣȻַҲпܻѡԼ޵սоĪϧַ죬ϵ֪֮սָ
սꡢ޵ĪϧԼѪɷˣɻʤ֮䲻໥ײƺûܹսʤǣƾǿ齣Լ־ؿѪɷһսҲȳͶ޵ֶΣϣһǿ֮ˣˣûܹ赲ʤĲ
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ھλΣ֪Ϊ֮䣬ûײûʹùȫ˭֪ʵжôǿǿģƺַʵ
Ǽ໥ײҲ̫Զˡ
սɳţɱң֮⣬֮ƺԿľǿ˿ɵ漴ҪƷˣƷȻܸīʵǿӹɵģƾǹɿµشƣսʤ죬ȺпѩϯλҪһλˣѩȽ֮󣬸ϯλɡ
սȻţַȥʮսʱȺ³мΣַõڰ˳ʤ֮ûټսˣĶַ䣬ȻƷַ䣬ƺڴٳַ㡣
ʮʤַֻʣĸ֣ꡢ޵ѪɷĪϧǿˡ
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ȵ޵սʤ֣ĪϧΪƷʤһ󣬱ֵѪɷֻѪɷĿ˸ûҪսǽĿⶨ˾ĪϧϣսԵȵʱϢϾ󼸳Ѫսڣսһ˰ɡ
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ѪɷĪϧߵ֮ʱȺһҪսˣһսǰϯλеλã˭ǰ˭


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ˣһһаҶǰǿ󣬶ȵ̤ǰĲѡ˵սܵ˵ĿΧȺȫս̨аķ񣬴˴ѩаѪɷȻӵ߾ĪϧҪսˣ
ȻѪɷ¶һɭЦ⣬ƺڷ̾ĪϧĺȻ
½ۣǿΪʲôа֣֮˭ǿ˭˭Сֻ裬˷ܡǹעΪĺȻֻΪʵǿѡ
֪٣ȻˣܱһаҪ˸׽ܡϲһЩĪϧһЦȴѪɷɫ΢΢һĻûдĪϧĻȻҲû⣬ȻǿΪ𣬵а˼˾壬ȻȻ·ѪɷҲںֻǿʵ
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ĪϧһʱȻȣϷϨѪɷ͸аϢڴȻ֮ʱΣӰ٣Ȼѹа񣬽֮Ĩ
׼аϴɡѪɷЦŲһ磬̼ʧƷ³һɿµа¶ƮĪϧ
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ѪɷʵҪīǿࡣȺĿ΢΢һīԸĪϧʱûзֻбѹƣѪɷȴʬĪϧĺȻԿȻǹʬƺЩȻıȻʳ
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ȻĪֶЩơһԵַ㿴ѪɷĹ΢Īӵ˵ľѪаѪɷȻҲӵУңѪɷʹ֪ȵĪҪǿ٣ֻԵĶ־Īϧ̫ǿһȻа֣аûа취úȻ
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Ȼа񡣡ĪϧŲһ̤ĺȻȫȻϢһɽ֮ɫϢһռ䲨ƣĳѪɷɱȥһаϢ
䡢䡭ֲײ֮ϵĴǹĺȻƺûа֮Ѫɫ֮ûһ̣ɳھĪϧϣƺһĨʥϢ֮â·ĻҪһеа
µȺŴ˿̵ľĪϧûʹõڶֶΣͷβǺȻһǿ£еļɾͣĪϧֻ޺Ȼ
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޾֮Ѫɷˣ޾аϢɢѪɷɫӵĲҰˣڸѪĿȴøӵˡ
Īϧܽұȵһ԰ˡ
Ұ׵Ѫɷ˿ħ㣬һɸӵаϢŶı󣬳һаӰӣ·һʬ壬һޱȵʬţаʬ·Ҫ춼ûѪɷΧһҰ׵óǣĿġ
˿̵Ѫɷ׶
ɷ죬ʬѪɷŭһʬ˶ֱס䣬̫ˣѪɷϣһѪ֣ʬûĪϧŵĺȻ·
ɱѪɷŭһһʬһƮĪϧ޾ʬɷ֮ͺȻײȺֻѪɷϣ¶һ˿Цݡ
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һаѪɷ·Ϊ˹Ӱûʵ壬ֱƮǺȻУӾĪϧֲд͸ȥѪɫƣֱӡ˾ĪϧؿڣֱӲС
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ȺһĪϧҪˣѪɷĨɱˣѪɷ꣬һεʬ壬ղȺΪֻͷſֲʬ
ʲô˵𣿡ѪɷžĪϧаЦ
Īϧȴûʹ࣬һİ꣬ѪɷܲˬҪˣ˵ĵȻ
˵ǣֻ꣬ӵС
Īϧ³漴ĺȻѪɷѪɷɫޱ䣬·ڤ嶼Ҫ
ͷȥ֣ĪϧؿڵѪƣȴûþĪϧһѪ


0668 ҹеħ
ѪɷĲǣǴĿĵ˿ڣڿٵĻָš
˿µ˿ڣȻڻָ
ͷ̧ͷѪɷĪϧǳЦĶ˵ţˣڣΨкˡ
ʱľĪϧλӱܵĻᣬֲĺˮޣ¶ֱӺѪɷڤӰϣȻڤָڡ
Ѫɷ彥ӣһɹǿĺȻϵڣǲѪɫӲޱȡ
ȥѪɷŭһȫĺĪϧڤӰӰӰƮˣ˲͵ǧ֮⣬ϢȻһĿһĺȻֶĪϧٶȿ
ɫһѪɷһУžĪϧŭҰˡ
ĪϧֹסͣѪɷǰĺȻվûкѪɷѾ䣬ս
ˣһսѪɷˡ
ĪϧĺȻѹѪɷʬĪϧꡭʲô
ʱѪɷžĪϧ˿ڣǴû˹һȺĿ⣬ҲĶžĪϧ˿ڣ˿µĴڣղֻһɹĺȻ˿ڽаʬɢ漴ĪϧͻָʲôĪϧꣿ
꣬ʲôѪɷĿӾĪϧˣܵ˵Ī
һսܲ㣬꣬Ǽ亱Ĳ꣬κǿĹϣɱܹ˲ָɱֻһַԾǿйһ͸ɢӵв꣬ҲѾˣ޷ָ侳֮£ҪֱӽĨɱ͸ܡ
յУɷĮĴȺȫһĪϧ꣬Ǽ亱Ĳꡣ
ÿµꡣ
Ⱥͷ˵ţȻǣꡢӵ꣬ͷ·ӵ˲֮ǿܶԾԵֱѹĨɱ㲻侳֮£ɱ˾Īϧ
ꡣѪɷ૵ĿаĮžĪϧҰܵĲԩ
ҲҲѾ޷ҶԻˡĪϧȻ˵漴תȥһսĪϧʤ
ĪϧѹѪɷǰĵϯλˣµʵ
⣬Զ޵ʵӹɣһ̤ǰģֻҪַҲܹսʤѪɷô˴ѩȵǰϯλͽϯλɽ۹һµģж޵ַ㣬Ȼֻɽ۹ѩµţѩ¹ֵʱ𣿾ѩȵ̨ųҫ۵Ĺâ
սɳţ֮˵սȴѾ޷˵ĿˣֱһٶȽһֵַսʱȺٶȲ
ӹɣֽһǿǿײңַѾʤʮĶֻ֣ǿˣû˿ѡˣֻǿǿԾ
ַʣµĸǣꡢ޵ĪϧѪɷ
һսַ㣬ѡ˭Ϊ֣
ֻĿ⻺תգַѪɷϡ
ƺ˵ҪɱңôڣҾ͸һɱҵĻᡣ
ַ㿴ѪɷĿڣѪɷһַͣ㣬ѡ쵰ˣΪī⣬ַǴ˿ʼս棬ԽԽǿģַѡΪ֣ȻΪ޵Լꡣ
ѪɷȻܸ˾ĪϧԸΪԼʵԺ˶Կġ
ãҾ㣬սܵϡһսȥѪɷҲָˣҹĻĽ٣ڰУΨһԲڴ֮ϣѩȵ̨֮ϡ
ѩȵռ֮սûҹֻ֣֮ʤܡֻǿ֮սһս֮ÿ˵ֶѩǱ˳ЦǿӢ֮Ϳѩȵս̨ϣܹȡʲôҫܹŶҫ۵Ĺâ
ҹϲģڰΪҶѪɷ죬͸аĹâַ߳ȴֻǺƽĿƽûжĲ
һֱΪԼǿģѾܹˣţҲ֪ö㾴廹Ƿ̡
ַ㵭ЦһȴѪɷ΢΢һ˫ѪӣĶַ㡣
ҽԪѪ⣬֪ҹĲпˡѪɷǰ߳һɿֲʬҹĻУӵа׽͸
а񣬱͸ʺںڰдڣóаѪɷȻҲ⡣
ҹʵҲϲġַ㿴һɫңԶҹգôڡ䡣
ַĿתٶѪɷϵʱһĨ⣬Ŷ˵ĺ䳹ǣ·ħĹ⻪ħͫףһĿ⣬Ѫɷ΢΢һһ̡һ˲Į·Ҫġ
ĪϧѹаԺȻ㣬ôұħѹа񣬿ħǿаǿ
ַ³һȺĿ΢ַ㣬Ҫħѹаѵ˽ӡѪַ㣬ǿֶΣ
ַ㣬жֶΣٵƣ
ȺԽַ㣬Խо·һһԶ޷͸
ַ㣬һ侳أʽ˶ѩǿߵУֻҪսʤѪɷǰϯλַһ
ڰУһڰַ֮Ʈַ帲ǣһƺڰ֮⣬Ȼҹɫĺڰӵ䣬ħ⡣
ȺĿⶼ΢΢һַ壬ַֻ㣬£һڰ֮壬øߴΰúڰ䣬᲻ɴݡ
ͫף˿һۣĶ᲻ͣĲ
ǡħ
Ⱥһսˣַ㣬ܹӣ˿̣ܻûڰħ


0669 ħ
ļһжֶΣ
Ⱥַ㣬һ̫ˣħԹŲڣַ㣬ӵзֶ⣬ħ֮⿴ƲܣȴʵʵڵݷţңԽԽŨħ⣬·ˣħɲͨħ
ħ𣡡ַ㽥û壬ȺĿ⽩Ӳʱַ㣬һǧħ𣬴ǣɽȣĹħ˶ݵĻþȫһʵħ
ԣħ𣬴˿̵ַ㣬ӵħ壬ΪħҪħѹа񡣡
ȺĿʼţħ壬ܹ;ĪϧһѹѪɷ
װŪ㻯ħΣҾͲţɱ㡣Ѫɷ³һϣǹɿµаʬٶ˳Ⱥ׷׶ܿͬʱ磬ߵʬɢҪɿµĶʬϮմȾϣһʬ塣
ʬħηʬַ¶ЦǿֲʬϣһħȻߴ԰޿ɺ
ʬ壬Ʈħϣȴ޷ħ壬ħ𣬷·а߰㣬˺޲Ҳӵħ֮а֣ѪɷаϢԲˣ֮һԡ
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Ѫɷüǲηʬɷַֺ֮üͷһħ壬ụ̈ħ⻪֮ʱķ⣬Ǿ壬а֮޷ַֺ
ҾͲţ֮жǿѪɷһһɿµʬУͣƮ漴嶯ˣǾħȥ˵ַȥ
֮˭˵һҪ
ħ嶯ˣɽӰŲ˷ֺ³ַϤȺʶħ壬ɲħַȴ˵ʵ𺳣ַ㣬Լӵħ
һĳַǾ޴ӡȫǷħϢҪħѹа
Ѫɷֻһֻ޴ħֳ֮Լӡ£Ŀʱ΢΢һЯֲʬֱӺǾ޴ħ֮ƺһ
䣡һƺ֮Ⱥ·еǹǿĲ漴Ǳ㿴Ѫɷ峯ź˳ԺħԿħ壬а֮޷֣ͬʱǹҲǰĿ¿ֲ
ȻҲѪɷóйأóʬɷ֮ɱˣַ㣬ƺûʲôá
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һ𺳵촫ս̨·𶼲ֻǾ޴ħ̤ŲѪɷ̤ȥڰĹϣħĹ⻪תݣôĴۡ
ħÿһƻȴǰһ󲽣ѣħѾѹȵѪɷǰһɿԵѪɷ¶
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Яſֲʬɷ֮ѪɷַײһһΣѪɷ屻˳ȥǲħħ̫ǿҪƴ޷ƴù
𣡡
ѪɷĿ͸ѪĹâַ㲽ˣвַûУѪɷоѿղź;ĪϧѾսһսܣĪϧӵв꣬սܵĽڣַٰܸ㣬˵ַӵħǾ˳ЦˣʵС
һɿֲʬг죬µ磬ϯſռ䣬ŭţʬ֮ӣȺʱӵĽˣ׷׺ס˿Ѫɷųʬÿ£Բȥ»˲䱻ʬȾΪʬ
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ͬʱѪɷҲַˣеʬɷ֮֮״¡ӡַħ֮ϣַħһ죬·Ҫѿһ
ħΣ𡣡Ѫɷַͫףȵ
ȴַֻĿ⸩·ħڸϣѪɷϵЦ˲佩ӲַŭĿ
ʹǿֻ΢ҵ壬ȴоҫΪһţַȫǷ֮⣬Уһħ֮⣬µħâٶת
ʶһʲôħ𡣡ַŭһħ֮ѪɷֻоԴһ·뵽˫У񿴵һ˫ž޲ħֱһ泯ȥ
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Ѫɷ·ͻȻӦ˹漴屬ˣǰһõħҹźڰӳȥĸо
ѪɷŭһǿҹϣȴͬʱַĽŲٶһ磬ŭȵħ
£̼һԡѪħͷѪУҲͬѪɷɱȥӰʵ飬ͬħһޱȵǿ
ꡣѪɷĿ⳹׵Ľǣ֮ٶȳ֣廯һڤӰӣҹƺַ磬ħ˵ġ
һɿµѹѪɷһ̧ͷͿϷַûɵħѹ·ԶŵħͷЯޱߵĴͨѹ
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һֲľ޴ս̨ݣѪɷܵòϵıѣѪɷ壬ħ֮סҹħٶȳɱȥΧɱС
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ַ³һһħ֣ȫĺڰѪɷѹȹȥѪɷ״ħѹм䣬ַħأѹȵû˷
;Īϧսӵ˿ַ̣սսĽ˵ĲпᣬѪɷŰ


0670 ĵ
ÿµַ㡣ȺĿǼħ֮Ҳħ֮ٻҹħħڤħԶŵħַ㱾ûħսѪɷͲǶ֣һħ񣬾㹻Ըˡ
ֶַΣô˵Ⱥо̾Ȼȴַ֪㱾Զ񹬾תħħõħԪļ䣬޷ӳôǿ
һУҪлڵĽ򣬽ռ죬ַԾ󣬽ħԪĻᵽʵУǹⰵ磬Զŷħսĸо˲֪жôǿңַͺһ磬Զŵ硢ħ硣
Զħ֮սԼУַתħԼħֶεİǿµģټԣɾ˴˿ǿ˵ַڽУԹͨᣬͨԶȱΪҪ
¡һǿҵĹѪɷϣѪɷƺһ޷ӵǧٷħַ֮㣬ٻħ֮һȭ֮ǿֲޱȵģǼٻħҲǿޱߣѪɷˣӲħ֮а֡
ħаͬڣа
ҪɱңھͿôɱҡħַ̤֮ħ֮ϣ·̺޾ڰ֮ת𺳵ħ֮ȭѪɷɱȥ
ѪɷĿѣŭһѪ񱩣ʬ֮ͬʱַħɱȥȻħһȭ֮£һжΪͬʱħͬʱɱȥѪɷһ峯˳ȥĿ졣
ߡַĺһͻأģһħ֮ƳӡȥѪɷڰղִټֿȴֻƺһ屻ֱӺ˳ȥħֱӳ׷ȥѪɷɫ䣬бŭ𣺡䡣
ַһʱħַ֮ɻֱӡַ嵱У·ַںΪһ
⵽ʲôµĹȺͷսţħٻħַ㣬̫ˡ
ڰħ⽥ɢȥַ㿴һЩ˵Ѫɷһۣĵɱңʸһ䣬㶼ˣҲҪѩȵһƾʲô
ַѪɷĶĤУѪɷɫɷףĿ⽩Ӳַ㣬ģʧȥšʧȥľġ
ַҲȷʵˣս䣬ѪɷѾҡˣΪѩӦ̨ȻûкλֲǿߵԼ޵֣Ѿսܣܸ˾Īϧַܸ㣬û뵽ˣܲ١
һʵȽǿķѣȴţġ˵һ䣬ַת뿪ѪɷǿڱŵѪֱ˳ַ㣬ֻһǿһķ
ڣʧߣʸûУսܣδ档
һɡеѩ޳Ŀзâ˸ҲΪ¶ѪɷѾǷǳˣƾǹʬɷֻ֮ҪӴ˶Ҫ꣬һͨ侳ǿߣǰ۷壬ںԿʱҲҪţֻбѹƵķݣοѪɷҲǷǳ
ϧ̬ţһĪϧȻѹаа֣ͬʱӵǿµĲ񹦣ս޷ȥս
Ȼַ㣬ħٻħսħаͬа֣ϣ걬ѪɷѪɷûκεİ취ȥԸַ㣬ֻбƵģսܣҲΡ
ֻ˵˸ŵ
˴εѩȣǳ˼ˡ
οڻûóʵսͶ޵ɲ²սţڣҲҪóʵ˰㣬ǿᣬûһǺǵ
˴ѩȣѪɷλǵˣַ;ĪϧˣǰϯλȺ͸ŷâѩȵǰϯλ㹻ҫˡ
ĻǷսܴʣµĶǵꡢ޵ˣôȥսûаսʤϣս¶Ҫˣ޷һսˡ
ǵսĿ⻷һȦĶ֣Ҳǿһ޵ַ㡢ĪϧѪɷûһߣַղźѪɷѾսһôѡֻ֣Ƕ޵Īϧеһˡ
գĿ⣬˾Īϧϣûѡ޵꣬һֱǽ޵ǿĶ֣޵Ҫˣ۷ս
ĪϧʶȤս˳ƽĿҲ΢΢һ˿۸꣬ųѩǿˣ˿վǰϣȵս֮⡣
Ѫ꣡һھĪϧϣȻ
ǽɫӶžĪϧĮĵȻ벻꣬ǿȻҲм޵ģ꣬ǻǵֻҪ㣬ļޣܶɲصƣǿܹɱ㣬ǿ꣬վҲҪǿά֡
ĻȺ΢û꣬һصĻɣҲһЩˣܹ쵮꣬٣ȻǻǵмޣҲˣ겻ǱΪѩǿ꣬ļʶҪ˸֪ĸࡣ
˵ҪҵļޣңĪϧŵ
ĵ˵ͷȻѩȣҵ̨ҹвѪɷУַҲвңֻж޵ʸһսǣС


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ھĪϧУֻж޵
вУҲҪս֪
Īϧ˵һſŵĵ꣬Ŀʼ˵ƽ
սǵȻְɡ긺ֶţ͸ŵޱǿҵţ·ûսʤ
Īϧϣǹɽ֮ɫĺȻ𣬿͵ĺХţŲһ磬ĪϧӰʧԭأֱӳ˵ǰЯ߿ֲе
ڣϣһɿµţµĲ֮⡣
̽һֱӳǺȻȥη塣
ƴ͸ȻĪϧȴĪϧЦŲһ̤һ·η壬ûȥץƣֻǺꡣ
ţĿ΢΢һ壬漴һ͵ջأ·Ȼÿ
Ȼء
ĪϧŭһɽΧһɿµشĺȻŵѹȹȥ
ߡһϵĹ𣬿ֲԪ죬һ·ΧĿռ䶼һУĺХһƬռȫɽĺȻȥ
䣡
ֲײ֮ÿռ䶼ݺݵ£ײĵطһ쫷硣
Īϧ꣬һδˣվǣǹɿֲİԵ֮·ܼ
˵㲻ҵĶ֣Ҫƾ費Ӳƴûô국˵һղžĪϧܲԼ壬ͬʱǿĺȻ̵ľǲ꣬꣬Ų˵Ӳƴƴˣ϶Īϧָÿ졣
ûˣܹӵвѪңڣҾƷζһ²Ѫ˵ţһɿֲѪ֮ţԪǿ޾
ѹֵ걻ΪѩǿšȺ΢ʵÿ£ֻǹϢҪ롣
̧ƣȭ·ռ䶼Ϊ֮Ϣȭ֮ϣŲԵ֮
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Īϧǿֲȭͷ޾η޾Ȼһȭɱȥ
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ܺã꣬ǿ꣬ڣ㿴Ѫ֮꣡
䣡Ļ£Ϸ·һɲ֮ϯĪϧֻоһ·һɿֲѹţƬս̨ռ䣬һأ·ڲԵΪĲ
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󲽿˫ȭһգ֮ѹžĪϧ壬ȭͷɱƳžĪϧȥȭͷһ
Īϧŭһֲ£ڵĲ£ѹƣԼȴڷǿشΨá
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䣡ֲʬڰԵȭϢ֮±ɢ޷ڰԵȭײ
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ĿĶŶ޵޵ǿĶ֣Դһμ޵ôΪѩȵڶţΨж޵˶ڻ¡
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ӡѪɷڵأĨĨǵѪղŶ޵һ֮ӵзӡΣʬ궼ҪȻ԰Եȭϣ޴ӡ
ȼյеѩ޳˵һͬȣ޵ʵΪ𺳣֪֮սַ֮սֻʲô棬˵ˣѩȵߣڴڴǼǿ֮ײ
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ںȺУͿľսʤԼƷҲǷǳ˿˴۹ŲƷƾǹɿֲشƣںͺЩ˵սδһܡ
ڣһֹٶֵַսˡ
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Īϧַ㴫Ѿ˰ܼѩѾҶ޵ҲôսʤģֻҪַӦַ֤ȥͷȫַ㣡


0673 ս޵
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ڣֻʣ¶޵ԼַûȷȺѾźϯλ޵һַ֮
ҹĻȥɫָֻѩȺѾȫսգڣƺֻʣս
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0675 ַVS
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αأѾûбҪټսˡ국˵һȻܸ˶޵ǰڣַ㣬ôܺһսַٰܸ㣬ǱҲ̫ˡ
ڵУսޱҪѾû壬ַֻŰѡ
һֱΪԼѩǿ֮ˣΣַ㵭˵һõ΢΢һַȻƽ⣬ڷΪԼǿΪǵڶôʲôʸ˵󻰡
ܺãȻҪսҾ͸㣬νݺνԲ
Ųһ磬˲ϢַǰԶǹŵİԵ֮죬ַѹȹȥ֮⣬Ŷ
һץʱΧط·𱻵أֲַ㼷ѹȥҪַɱ
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ܶ˶Ϊַ֣꣬ȴÿһζǲһ𺳣һߵڣֱ˿̣侳صΪصĽ־ֳѪˣԲѪԼĿֲʵʱַΪֱӿԽ侳أ̤֮
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ַʵսʤ侳ǿ߶ڻ£ҪҡҪţ׾٣ܹϢ
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ĿⶢΪ侳أؾַ㣬ǹɰԵĲ֮ԽԽǿ˫Ե˲ֱӡ
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䣡ĽŲҲˣֲĲȫֶַۣ£·ҪַڲεС
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뽣ϣϣַ㣬ʧˣΨһѪ֮Ĺԡ
Ϣ쳯ŵѹȣЩ޾ĽâŵȻ·ңԶĵطһĨѪɫ⽥漴ԽԽֱ貣һĨѪɫĹ⻪ǧ׸߿֮ϣն졣
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ֻ֪ղһ˲ƣ̫£·Ҫǡ
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ֻڵĽ£һʺ֮ɫҺΣǣȻôСȴȺġ
꣬ˣ
δ𡢵δ𡭡
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еϣƺҲܺ졣ַ³ƽȴȺоĶ£ʤˣһսȻַʤˡ
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һԪת·Ϊֹסƣ建תһ߻Լλϥȥûп˵һ仰Ķַ֤Ļ꣬սܡ
ս̨֮ϵǵӰֲʵĸоַ㣬Ȼսʤ˵꣬Ҳζţַ㣬Ԥеĵǣǰѡַп޵ȥѩȵĵһϯλ
һ·ɱ׵ĺľսûַ֪ѩȵĸλá
ȺͻȻַףǵһףǰΪַڿַ㣬õѩȵڶֵĵһףô
˿ַ̣㣬Ѿվѩߵս̨ӭԻ͵һս


0677 ռԾ
һ̣ȺͻȻӿǿҵ˷֮⣬Ϊûκսȴ𺳵ķʽֽ֣ɸѪڣǷ·𿴵һϴڵĹ£Ƿ·ڼ֤һĵ
Ҳ󣬵ַѪվѩ۷ʱǿԽĶԼ˵ǣԼ˫ַۣ֤һȽȽǣҫѩǿա
ѩ¹ַ㣡ǰȻս̨֮ϵӰַӰӡǵԺУļס𺳵꣬޷ַ㣬漣
Ŀ⻺תȺ˶޵޵һֱƽĿһУǰԵ֮£ͷҲΪƽҲһֱΪԼĶֻǵ꣬ûַ㣬սʤ꣬ҲζţսûнȱһսܵǶ
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վյѩ޳Ŷ޵ַ㣬ģϾһ˿Ц⣬̫ѵˣԸѩµţվյľս̨֮ϣȥѩߵҫ⽫ʿʷһ죬ǰûи̤ǰϯλգһ͵ڶԳԸ
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İɣղһսĲ󡣡
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ҲҪͬ⣬ͬҲҪĵɣվѩȵ̨֮ϣҫһӭȢҶû˸˵ϻ˶ֻĽףҵҫͬҶҫ
ַ㵭ĿڣȻӵʵվһѩȵһϵҫһˣĸסĸףԡҫУܵĽİˡֵܣҲҫ֣֮ҫַĵ
ͶҶзҶǧ֮ѩȴߵҫ˭аԡ
ԣѩȵĵһһַģһ
ǽҶŮˣһҸɡ૵һһĨǳǳЦ⣬ƺм֮ܰС
Ȼѩ¶Ӧ֪ҵƢ޵֮ԽԽǿַ㡣
̫Ӷ޵޵˳ǣǰǣսʤң˵󻰲٣ĪҪһմģֻԼ
ַ㵭ĿڣڿеȻָ꣬꣬ҲԻսʤΣĿã
ˣǱսɡ޵һ֮ŶֲϢַѹȹȥͬʱ壬ַȽˣһµĽɫųҫ۵Ĺ⻪
Եȭ
˫ȭɱ޾ȭӰ죬ȫַɱȥ
ַվǣȻƽߡԽˣһС
ɱ
һؽ־ţѪɫĹ⻪貶ҫۣǿµİԵȭŶ޵ɱȥ
ҷ⡣
޵ϣһɷӡ֮־ŶӡϢǰǿңǿµѪɫâ·һε赲ı
ַ޽ӵн־вѪӵв꣬־֮Ϊá
޵ƿذȷӡ֮ţӡ֮־ּ䶼Ƿӡ
ַޱ飬Ѫת·һѪɫУǰȥδɱĽâ
𡣡Եȭâ𣬶޵ӶֲķӡѹַеĽַֻоѪһεš
Ȼַ֮Ӳһǰ͵촫˺ѵĽâڿռŭХһУӡǿһҪ顣


0678 ӡ֮
޵ɫһһԹǿַӵн־أټѪÿһ˵£ۼʶַս֮ʱٶȣ졢ޱȵĿ죬ˣǴޱǿţ޵ȴСַ㡣
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ɱȭһͺȣ޾ȭӰûأַɱȥ޵Ųһ̤棬նȥ֮ţŭһҷ⣡
£ַΧ·ӵһɿµķӡӡһƬռ䵱УѪɫĽĽɱţȭӰ̧ͷַͿ޵ЯԵȭѹ£ԵϢ·£ĳѹҪշѹѡ
һɱַ֮ٶȻΪһΧգڰԵȭ֮
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ַ㣬޵ǳŰԵ֮⡣
ѹսʤ꣬侳Ϊ־ԼǱѪ侳֮£Ѿʤˣǣӡ֮ŵٹ֮£㲻κλġ
޵Ļ£Զŵķӡ֮ٶŶңԶյУ·аȷӡ֮ŴԽԶŵʱգ֮ϣĿģУ͸ſµķӡ
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ַ㣬ܹԸȷӡ֮
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Ⱥַ㣬棬ѵַҪԻֵаȷӡ֮ţôܣԾǿܽӡ֮źѣַĻȻ£ԲԻӡ֮ţܡ
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ӣӵõ𣿡޵Цһŭȵ⣡
£ȷӡ֮Ż˵ɫĹַ˸ȥ

ͳַ³ȫĿֲԪ˲һ㣬ѹ쵽˼顣
ַӶȺַֻƳһµĺڰš
䡢ڰȫǼϢ
һжü죬쵽˼飬ȷӡ֮˲Ϣٵַϣȴַ΢΢ɿ³һѣ
䣡
ȷӡ֮Ž֮ʱһɼŶȺֻһſµں֮ţַ嶼û
˲䷢һĻ·ҪϢ
ӡ֮ţڿռѡʧΪޣһйƽַӰٶȳ֮ʱɰȻս̨֮ϡ
ӡ֮ţƿˡ
ˣȺӲĿս̨֮ϵַ㣬ǿµĺڰǿĻȻȷӡ֮Ŷˡ
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Ҫ𣿡ַ㵭Į³Ŷ޵ȷӡ֮ţѡ
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޵Ŀ䣬ַ㣬ȴַЦӡ֮ʹò޾İɣʹòڶܵ˵㣬κս
£ħתĺڰ֮·ҪΧĿռ䶼óɺҹַΧһƬڰ硣
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ῴġ޵³һͷ΢΢ôĸ߰
˫µϢת漴˫֮ǰһ֮š
ǿߣܹ㲻ܹ꣬ʹǿֻ֮Ųڣӡɣҽ͸㣬νţ
ȺŶ޵е÷ӡ֮ţݣţǿԽ뵽ͨеģ㣬ҲףӦþ걾
Ųһ磬޵ٶȳַ̤ȥˣ˲Ϣַǰ
õķӡַ֮⳯ӡȥַһſħ֮һȭɱȻһֱ֮ӽ֮͸ӡַ嵱УȺһεķӡҲûзӡ֮ŵķӡǿȴʤ
ҷ⡣
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ַ㣬һҪܣ޵ѩǿţҫ۵Ĵڡ
ħ飬ַ彩ղŶ޵ƴȫսҲûκε֣ƴŻҲҪһµķӡ֮嵱С
ڣԪľħѣ屻⣬Ҫս޵һ˭ǰԵӰȺ·Ѿѩյʤ˭


0679 ۷
Ԫľħѣ屻⣿ַ㿴Ŷ޵ǹһĨЦȷķӡܹסң
޵ɫһַ㣬漴ЦˣαػҪˣһӡڣ˵ûԪУҲʹòڣģƿڵķӡ
㿴ˣַ³һһɿµĻӵŶ
ƣŭһʱַϣһƷӡϢ嵱͸漴ɢޣַ壬ûκεϰӡȫ
ţ޵ϵЦǣӡˣ
ַ㣬ڵķӡȫ
أ㻹ôΪ𣿡ַ㵭˵ö޵ɫӲѿַ㣬Ȼƿڵķӡַôģ
ȺĿҲһǱΪⳡսѾûˣȻ˿ַУ͸ǿҵţңصӡڡ
˷ӡΣ㻹ʲôһս޵΢΢һɿԵ֮ͷţַ㣬ʲôһս
Ѿùˣ㲻Ҫǣҵ꣬ûʹùء
ַ㵭Į³һ£һŭַ֮ϣ޾ɫ⻪ĳŶ޵˳ȥ
ͬʱַ󣬰ͷҡϣͷӵаףȴһ壬֮ף·Ҫضɡ
ͷˡȺеɽĿ⽩ӲĿֵַ꣬Ѿаͷˣֻһ˿꣬յĽ˿̣ǷҡϵĲ֮Լַ壬꣬ޡ
ޣȺ΢΢һǵвʶ֮ˣϳַ꣬һֿµ޾ޡ
һս˭ʤ˭ܣ
ַվǶδɫ˲佫޵ס޵ϵûиղǰǿ󣬺ϵֻɫ߲ϵĶ޷ɫ
ǳյİײ޵Ŀ⽩Ӳ侳ΪַƺͷŲǿ꣬ǣ֮ҲԶ侳صľ硣
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ҩ
վǵַ͸һĨЦâȡһöԪֱУ̼䣬ԪַڵԪĸš
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ΧĿռ䣬ȫ޾Ľ
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ԽԽǿ⣬ԽԽ

޵зһŭХϵİԵ֮·ҪضƷޱɳȥɫҲѡ
ַ㣬ɻţǻĽŲѪɫĳ޵
صڿеŭХɢ޵Ŀ£ƽʱǰַ㣬ƺһĨ֮ɫ
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Ľֵ֮ĳֶɢַ㿴Ŷ޵Ŀûκεļ֮⣬ôƽ
νţ
ʣַվǣŶ޵ʵö޵ɫһĸַ֣˵ģҪַ㣬νţ
ַǲΰӰ˵ᣬϻżƺûȫȥĿ꣬˿̣Ѿվѩ۷塣
ַ㣬˴ѩȣһ
ѩȿʼ֮ʱ˭뵽վѩ۷壬ҫ֮ˣ侳صַ㣿
ǲ²ꡢ²޵²ĪϧѪɷΨû뵽ַ㣬ַʵˣǶˣΨܹռҫһѩҫ۵š
ȻûʧĪϧЦˣЦúϣʵ֤Ƕˣַ㣬ˣõ˴˴ѩȵһƾǿֲʵԼĵƣ̤ȽĲһߵ
ҲЦˣ˿޵ŵЦ˵Ĳãһжλһǵõһμַ龰ھ¥ַ㣬ƺȥþƺȵģǵʱû̫꣬վѩȵ۷壬Ľ
СһϹһĨȻ֮⣬ôľޡ
ƷгһƣԪҾƣֱӹУ漴³ˬ죡
šԼƾһޱȼȭͷȻҲûϵַ㣬ܵһַ㣬ˡ
Щˣϵףַ㣬Ϊַˡ
ȻҲ¶Ȼ෴ɽޱȸӣɽвϵĴ̾Ϣ
ˮҵˡŵˣѪɷȺеˣվŵһЩӰǵɫÿǳÿ
û뵽ѩȵһˣȻַ㡣
Ⱥȴһ˾ԵļžУû˿ڣǶֻǿս̨ϵǵӰгֳȻͬһУַ㶼̧֪ͷĿ⿴ѩ޳ϣ¶һĨЦݣá⡢ɾЦݡ
ѩȵһˣ


0680 ķ粨
һĨЦݣѩ޳£һŶôĸɾЦݣվѩ۷꣬ĵУһƬ峺ɾϵЦ˵ĸɾ·ȴĳ
ѩ޳ҲЦˣƺû¶ɵЦݣʱҵĴ˵ļ򵥣Ϊһ򵥵Цݶ
ַ㣬ϲ㡣ѩ޳˵͸ϣʱǰ꣬ʱôʱôĴ⡣
ܾˣûô͹һˣмûַܹĵ׵ϲͣϣַܹϵĳ·;ȥȥĻԻ͡
ллַͬ¶һ˿Ц⣬ܹоõѩ޳ĿеϣЦݣ׷ֵ
ˣѩȣˣΣ׼һ£һȥһ˰ɡ
ѩ޳ĿһɨȺ˵ΧȺĿⶼһѩȣô
еˣɻûл·𻹳һ𺳵սУսɲϵǵԺлصһĻĻ޷Ĩȥ
ڣѩȽ񹬣Ҫʹεǿô
ַ֪㣬ܹõʲôʹ͡Ⱥа˵Ƕڲ²⣬õһַ㣬ܹõʲôʹַܷͣʵһ㣬ַ㣬ǿĻǾĿˡ
ַڵΪ侳֮£Ҫ̫ˡ
꣬ѾǿˣʹòѪƿز־֮ΪأΪҲֱӿ侳֮۷壬ַǰɰˡ
ж޵ͬ侳صĿֲΪȻûе۷壬ǣƾ֮Լӡ֮־ټӡ֮źķӡ֮ͨ侳Ҫܶ޵̫ˣȺ벻ʲô˿Իǿߡ
ַ㣬ˣ˶޵˵֮£ַѾѱ˻ܣʵΪٱøǿĻַԳ侳֮޵еĴˣ侳ǿԳ֣˿ʤ
Щǿ֮⣬е۹
ѩĴ۹ǿμѩȣȡ˺õĳɼõĪĺôɽ۹һһڶģȫǵˣսֲ̫ˣѩ¹һڶѩ£ѩ¹ҲõĪĻ
ڣ͵ʱ̣͵ˡ
Щμѩȵǿ߶ԾԾԣûлúõʣڴμѩȣǲˣӦòڿǲǣ̫֮Ҳò֣ԣ˶ԵΪ˷ܡ
Ψ޵˲ôģΪһյҫȴַá
׼ҳɡѩ޳Ц˵μѩȵǿ߶һڿգ׼ǰ񹬡
ʱȺУмµϢͻأųȺͷݺݵĲ¡
ֻյУмӰѩ޳ЩӰǳͨκε쳣˿̴ͷŵ޵ϢȴȺе𾪡е־壬·Ҫڵأȥǡ
䣡ȺĺݺݵһЩ֮ˣ侳Ŀֲڡ
ǺǡǼЦ֮ս̨ܱߣѩ޳淽һӰ̤ѩ޳ԼѩȵȺΧסˣЩˣһĿŵϢ˸е־塣
ţѩȵЩһô£öǿߣôͻȻôǿߣңһΪǿ£ƽʱѼǿߣǿļˣټô侳ǿһ֡
ʮ侳ǿߣȺҲȺһݺݵһô£
ѵѩȣûϽз粨
ɫѿģҪѩ޳ˣЩˣ侳ǿߣ켣ȺУԼΪֱ˿̲ŽΪͷųסȥ·ѩ޳ĮĿƺѾ뵽ʲô
λѩ֮ˣӺζ˿Ϊѩ޳ĿһɨȺһȴ΢ЩȣǱߣ֪ûеõϢǱ߲֪ĻվҪˡ
Ǻǣ񹬣Ҳѩ򣬲Ҳѩҡײƭ𡣡һ̵Ⱥͷһ񹬣Ҳѩѩҡײƭ
⻰ʲô˼
ѩѾм֮ãѩʮһȣ񹬴ѩھţǲϱǿ󣬺ѩ֮˵ֺνҡײƭѩ޳һԵ÷ǳĲãЩˣ߲ơ
Թѩ̿ѡףǱѩţ񹬽ټνѩȣȷǽѩžۼţţ˭ɲܣ˵ʹǣҪ𣿡
һ˵꣬ڿ˵ѩ޳۽ǳ鴤ԽԽÿ
ѩȽһжѾ쳾䶨û뵽Щ˲֪ΪΣǧѩ򵷹ƻ֮¡
񹬻ѭǵѡ񣬾Բǿȡѩ޳Ҳϣ̹˵⻰ȷʵȺһ񹬣Ҫμѩȵ£ѩ޳Ҳˡ
˵Ŀ⳯Щ߳ŮӿȥǶ磬ԼЩеŮӣƺ£ǡ
ѩȵı󣬹ȻΪ˲֪Ļ
ȻѭǵԼѡ񣬲ھͽ̯˵Լѡ񣬵ȵ񹬣ʲôѡǻѡʸ𡣡
˵̶ǣ׼Щߡ
һѩȣеļλţǿúĶǽ񹬣ǣɲ


0681 ֲ
λǧѩԳǣˣȻ񹬵ʱƺֲλİɡ
Զ漴Ⱥ㿴ԶһǿߺƺƵΪ֮ˣȻǱ񹬵Ĺ
񹬵ĹˣЩȺгֵǿߣб
٣ѩ޳Ҳ΢΢˿õˣһڴˣ޷Ӧô侳ǿߣЩˣûһӹ֣ǿҪͻܹ˲佫ѩ޳ˡ
ףԷûгֻ֣Ϊй˼ϾѩԳǣ񹬵ΧԷԶҲҽ
ԭǱڤˡ
Щ侳ǿȻϵⱱ񹬵ĹֱܺȻѾǣ᲻֪񹬡ʶ񹬵Ĵ֮һıڤ
λҲһǿӵиԵĵ֮أȴΪΣ
ڤĮɨȺһۣΪƣһΣЩǿӣɳǿǰѩԳǣ񹬴ٰѩȣˡ
˲˵ˣͱڤĿȻһģ˴ѩڶ࣬Ҫ̣ɲá
ʱֻһӰһӣʱϣһâ˸ۣ˿ʣҲȫͬˣԴһơ
Ĵ֮ϽˣҲ׷ݰɣұڤһһȥ²⡣ڤϽۣʱһǿߣˣһĴ֮һϽԳ
ˣҲԼͷڣһʶˣǿ
Щ侳ǿߣûһͨ侳ǿߡ
ҳ֮⣬ǷΪķÿһӵкü侳ǿߣ£ѩ̫ˣԵ߸һ۹
ַҲЩˣϽ۵Ͻ⣬һǱ󶼳˽Źӵĳÿһϣ͸һ֮ЩˣÿһˣʦϢȫǿµĽޡ
һ֮ˣΪǿ͸źͶ޵Ƶ֮ͷڣŵ֮ȶ޵Ҫǿܶࡣ
һһ͸ĲϢַϵħ֮мƣ£ǵĿ⣬˿һ۶·Ҫ
š塢ۺħڣáܺãССѩ򣬾ȻܹλĴݣұڤǷӦøеҡ
ڤǰЩˣͷҲˣϽ¶ʱΪľ漴ֱַ𿴵˾šԼۺħڵˣķǿÿһһǿ񣬾Ȼѩ
񹬣һУû뵽ǻһ֡
ôţӦö񹬣ȻǵˣԼѡɡ
ϽˬʣĿڵ
ʱЩȺͷһβΪѩȵĻǵҲƽû뵽ô죬һνˣǵǰ˶Ŀֲǿߡ
һ侳ǿڣΪ׵˺棬侳ǿֻӶ
侳Ŀֲڣѩߣվߵ˿̣ǰʮλǿߣ侳ӣ̫ˡ
ڤǾ֪ⱱڤеĶšԼۺħڣ¶ǲ񹬵ĳǿ
һ񹬣ѩѩΪǰĴͬǿܲľѹֱڤ˵Щǧ켣ȺС
ôѡڤϽķۣҪԶʳˡ
巽û˵һλȻԼѡ񡣡Ͻڣ漴Ŀ⿴ΪΣ
ûŵӦ
ͬ⡣Լۺħ֮˶ͷ
˭˵ڤķʵ
Ϊ㱱ڤ˵Ͻڵ
ڤĿһ漴Ⱥĵ񹬺ѩѩȣһֱǰλΪʵһ㣬λĿãλѩţ񹬣Ȼ£֮ģλԸ񹬣񹬱ȻλȻλԸ񹬣Ҳǿλֻϣλܰһ飬£Ҳ˵Ŀģϣλؿǡ
ڤĻˬʡûͱ˵񹬣񹬺񹬣ҲǿھѩȣֻΪǰһ£ĹǿʵҲΪ˶
ڤ˵˶ôɡϽЦ漴Ŀ⣬ֱַϡ
ַ㣬ҶǶ۹֮۹Ʒ۹֮ѩĴƷ۹֪ҪǿٱһǿƿҶУǵжǿ
Ͻڣֱַ㣬˵ǿȺҲףⶫȻƷ۹۹İѩĴ۹Ʒ۹ѡ
Ʒ۹Ʒ۹Ĳ࣬總Ʒ۹һ֪Զ
Ҷ꣬꣬ĹҲйأַ㣬ӵеǾޣһ֣سɴʱ켶似ѡ
Ͻƺ׼гջ֮ñڤɫÿϽַԼһջ˵ǶλȴջϽĻ
ַ֮㣬㲻ҶҲԸΪ䣬ʱĴָԾĪĻԵ㿼ˡ


0682 ַѡ
ȺϽĻͷ΢÷Ʒ۹۹İֻҪַУ켫Ĺ似ַѡҹ似ַйأܷӳǿ
֮⣬лõĴԼָò˵ϽԾܾ
ϽĻǲ˵ЩڤɫԵЩӲϽֹһλ̫ɺˡ
ȵȣϾͺáϽЦ£漴˵ˣԸҶģԸΪϱǣлΪ۹һӣʱǿԺߣ˸Ҷֺ
£Ͻ˵ꡣ
ڶɡŵΪ֮˿ڣĿ⣬ַͬϣ侳Ϊ־أڽ֮ϵĳɾ𾪣ҾжǿͲܣ֮붫ͬҾŵУӵнǼڣٶȳ򽣵־ɾͽ֮壬һնƾҾţʺġ
˵գĿֿĽͬӭҾţΪǿĽޣҾţȫǽޣҲֻսޡ
㣬ͬӭǣúÿ¡ֿʹӣֻǽޣţֻսޣԽ޵ջǾ޴ġ
Ȼ˵Ļ֮ˣĿЩҡţԼֲͬվǵļˣȫ侳Ľޣڽ޵ãܲĶ
Ϊ֮ˣһ֮Ŀ⣬ȴ˶޵ԼĪϧϡ
޵ĪϧǶӵѪһԵ޵֮һȻ壬ǶˣʱӭǼ룬е꣬ȻûѪԵޱȣǣɾ߰ͷڵĸ߹˿˵͸Żֻ֮£ˣ޵Īϧеꡣ
ʣۺħڵȺΪ֮˻͸ǿħ֮⣬ֱӶַϡ
ַ㣬ӵħ֮ȻǿħԸΪħһӣħڣΪǿħͷħ˭㶼ޱη壬ж޵ꡢĪϧѪɷۺħڣҲӭǡ
֮⣬Ĺɿµ£ģַ㡣
ַ㣬ӵоꡢǽޣͬתħˣţʺ£ַǱ£ϣַ룬βֵˣ޵ԼĪϧˡ
ѩȵξżȻȥƴģʵʵûаˮ֣˭츳ΣǵȻһ
ֲ˵꣬ͿȺôѡԸһ
˵Ŀ⣬Ͷǵʦ𡢻߸ףӵʦŵˣѡѾӵԼţѡ룬ѱ䣬Լš
Ƿģ񹬾ԲΪ֮Ϊѡڤƺ˵쳣һ䡣
һţ붫ɿ˵ԭŵˣǶϽ˵Ƕ۹İ±ӵ
ѡŰɡ
ʱյУһ齣ʦ
ǽ֮ڣнǿʦˣţɿ˵ҵĵӣھţΪʦΥšʦ𿪿˵նһۣϣܹţл
ʦ𡣡ԼʦĿ͸һĨжȻʦ֮⡣
ҵġ
ǣʦ𡣡صͷ漴ŵǿߣԸš
ãţӭļ롣˵ͷʾ⣬ȻȥһۣⲢΪǿĽޣңѾӵǿĻ侳ΪӵصĽ־Щʧ
ҲԸšӿڵŵջǽԵֵġ
ţҲӭ㡣ٶȿڣǵĿɨַһۣϣģַļ룬ؽ־ţǼţվűسһޣϧַȴٳûпڣһֱĬ
Ҫ֪˵Ҫ飬ʲô޵Ŀ˵
Ҳǡͷ岻ǲ׼κһ
ǴǽĳһؾУǽУԼԣҲĪĻԵѩȵһĿģϣˣ񹬣Բκˡ
ڤ˵Ⱥ֪һЩ񹬴ٽѩȣƺΪѡѩţһؾС
ڤ˵ûԸҶҶ̤УԻܸǵĸԽȻǲԸ̤ؾҶһӭǼ롣
Ͻ˵˶΢΢ͷ
Ҫʱ俼ǡ޵ڵ
ҲҪǡˣ׷׿˵ǿѡǱҪؿǣεľܸıһĹ켣
ַ㣬أϽַ㣬ַ㣬ڴˡ
Ҳ׷׿ַ㣬ϣģַ롣
Ҳκһַ㿪˵ʱȺһַ㣬κһȫܾô𺳵ܹܾ
Ƿ񹬽ؾҪ˽ٿǡַűڤ΢΢ͷñڤĿ΢ͣ漴¶һ˿Ц⡣
ַ˵Ƿ񹬽ؾҪǣҲζţѾֻܾ񹬣


0683 ѡ
ԼۺħڵȺһ㶣ַĻǶǵһ־ܾκһǷ̤ؾҪǣֻ񹬡
ǷҪϸһ£ֻᣬˣҲԺеźߺڡϽȰһ
ַȴҡҡͷᣬλĺַлˣַ˾ϣֻ˵Ǹˡ
ȻԼѡַ㣬㲻ڡ
ҲΪ˴Σӵǿ似ҲΪ˴ѡʧ˺ܿΪһǿ޵ĻᣬڣַУʼջԼһ˿֡һִš
ϲԼΪ˵£κһ
⣬˴ѩȣ񹬳ɾû񹬣޷д˿̵ĳɾͣվѩȵ۷֮ϡû񹬣Ҳڵ侳صΪû񹬣͵ꡢͶ޵īѪɷ޷ĨȥĲ࣬Ҳʱܵв
˵ƺҲԼĿģϾΪڵַ㣬޷ʲôҲ׵վ񹬵Ķ棬ΪȵõһЩΪ񹬵жԵЧΥıġ
ãȻˣҶҲǿˣˣ˭ԸҶһӭ֮˴ѩǰˣֻҪ񹬣켶似һףԸ룬ʹ͵ؼ۷幦似
һӣƺΪַĲӶЩãֱӸ𺳵֮
Ļѩȵǿһ켶Ĺ似ֿµ似˵õҪʶô׵ģǺˣջ󣬲òЩ˼еؼ۷ͨҪԼõѣ붫ͿԵõ
˿̣Ͻǳŵ
ꡣʱյУ֮쿪ˡ
Ŀת̧ͷ졣
Ѫӵв֮Ҳʺ㡣ŵ˵⣬Զ
Ƭ̣漴ϽԸ붫
ãһص켶似ѡһסϽ¶һĨЦ⣬Ŀַһۣ츳䲻ַ㣬ҲֲżȻӭ
侳۷Ϊֻһ䣬侳ǿߣκһӶ࣬ңԵǿ츳ͨ䣬Ҳļޡ
ҲԸ붫кЩ˿ڣһĻϽЦܺãӭλ
ˣǺƽ붫ͬţֻҪŽޣˣá
ˣӵ֮˸Ҫ
ۺħڣͬҪ̣Ҫţ򵥣Ψֲַֿ꣬üǿͬʱ
޵ĪϧǵĴȶǿٶ޵;Īϧˣֱѩ¹Լɽ۹Ļ壬ӵ֮츳ǿ£ֱλѩȵڶ͵ģ˲ţҪ
޵Ŀ˸ַԼѡ񣬵꣬˶켶֮ͨһǿʵҲַ˦곬ԽҪһ̤֮ǿ
и壬Լҵɣ壬ң޵
޵˵ȺһӵеȨǿԽֲֿʵҪȥãޱĽţȴԽԼҪ
ҴӦ㣬û֮£㣬岻Լֺǿ߿˵ͬ˶޵˻޵ĹƺҲˡ
ãԸ壬һ죬Ϊ˵Ҷ޵㲻֮ˡ޵Ƕ޵Եǿߣ˵İԵǿƣԼ
ӭǿ΢΢һЦ漴ԾĪϧأ
ңĪϧһЦҡͷҺַһϰ߱ԣǸˡ
ǿߵ˵ͷȻҲǿɾĪϧԼѡ
ˣҲ׷׶ѡԼãǰϯλǿߣַ㲻κܻ𡢵ڶĶ޵塢ĵ꣬붫ĵľĪϧԼڰ˵ƷַѡһѪɷûѡκɷڣһߵѡ˾š
ˣҲԼѡ񣬵ܵĹעǰİǿ
ڣǲǸ뿪ѩԳˣڤ˵ɨķǿһۣ˴ѩȣĻ٣飬ĬĬĽǿ󣬵ڣȴΪĹͻȻ֣ʧڤܸ˵
ǺǣڤҲֻ֮ټġϽЦһ漴ֵԸҶˣ߰ɡ
˵գ˸նȥȺҲ׷׸ϣ֮⣬Ҳһ뿪ѩȡ
һˣûа壬ڵţҪǣ߽񹬾ۼŵļƻЩţܽΪǵĵжһǿĵжڣȻ档
Щ뿪ӰڤĿ˸ɨһµȺʣַǼˣüͷţ
ǵѡ񣬻мֵġڤⲻ֮˿ڵߣȥ񹬣񹬵ʹͰɡ
ȵȡַͻȻڣñڤһ㶣ַ㲻԰ɣĵģַҲǼеһɣĻ񹬶ԣԲǺ¡
ǰһҪλһȥڤ֪ûйϵַ㿪ڵѩѾú⣬Ĳ¡
ڤôַܾ༸ȥ񹬶ѣ޴Ӱ죡


0684 ½
̤Űƣ񷣬һٶ񹬣񹬵档
ЩУмλʮλ֮ģһ̤񹬣ӵ𺳣̾ؼȻޱͱ磬ҲȺ̤񹬵С
ȻҲ°ֻ֮һ˶Ըں棬Ų飬ǰȺһȫţѩ¹ǰ˴ӵڶǰ޵˭Բѩһã͸ʲôˣ޵ôǿ
µǣַ㣬û׹ùõĶӣ¼ˣҪӣ߲ʣ˿ַѾû˼ʣַʱޡʹڷƽ࣬Ϊַֹǻһˣǿ̫ࡣ
¼֮үүַ⹫ɽ޷սʤַ˰ɡ
΢΢Ƴһǰַ㣬񹬹ڤַЦ̸ʲôӴ乬ַǰ˼ӡ
Ȼûѩȵս﷢һУͨһЩֶΣַʣ󣬱ؽԽǰҲĽַ㣬Ҫӡ
񹬹ڤεںЩƣʱҪȥύԺ󣬱ܻһǿѡ
Ƭ֮Ⱥٶȿ˱֮أһ֮⣬ֻڤԸһĿȴַ˵ɨһۣƺԵЩãŶˣɻ񹬵ĵλڹеĵλܹõģȻҲࡣ
𣿡ڤźڵɫ࣬ƺмּ֮⣬ǵ˵ͷȥ
ȥɡڤ˻֣漴ָʯʯελɡ
ַ˺̹Ȼ£ҲЩȴԵЩϰߣƺ޷ſ񹬣ÿµһǿߣһ侳߽ףɲ⡣
ǶǿҲ˰ɡ
λѡ񹬣ڤʤмұڤҲλڱ֪λ˴ѩȵĿġڤĿ⻷ȺȺ񣬴˴ѩȵĿģǶܺ棬˵ǽһؾ
λҲ֪½޼ʣѩֻǾ½һСѣһƷ۹İͼҪѩҪ嫣ңһƷ۹·Ʒ۹ԼĴڣЩƷ۹İͼС
ڤȺ˵ڣǿ½ĵͼɡ
£ڤֻӶһƬڿʱյУ·һ澵ӣھУһޱȾ޴İͼ½İͼ
ȺĿⶼһĶ½İͼ嫣öȣ֮ĿɨӣȴʼҲѩģ˵ڵĹˡ
ڤһָһ˵ͼƫһλãһȦ𣬵ѩ򡣡
ѩ򣿡ȺĿⶼһѩ򣬺嫵ѩ򣬷ڴ½İͼ֮ϣԵôС·һĽ䡣
ٿǶ۹ڤָѩԱĳ飬һ򣬱ѩҪˣǶ۹Ƕ۹İ
һ·֣ᷢԽԽ飬ûйȣֻǿǡڤһ˵Ŀ˳ѩ򳯱濴ȥȻԽԽд½ҲɽԼ
ֱ룬еһ飬ھ½֮أǵģҲһ
Ӵİ飬ʲô۹Ҳ̫˰ɣȺ½ģһޱעһ޴֣ʥ
Ҳڿɡڤָʥ¶һĨЦ⣺Ǿ½ģʥݣʥķ֮λһɹǼĿ£񹬡壬ʥķ֮λҲֻѰķ֮λűǿܶڣķ֮λƷ۹ڣķ֮λǿߴڣķ֮λУʥǵ룬½룬ߵãǿƵ硣
ڤ𺳵ĻȺҲ˵ãǿƵ磬ڵѩֻǴ½ıɽһǶѣվѩǿ̨Σʥݣ񹬣ʲôʥķ֮λ񹬰ǿ˵ʥķ֮λС
𣿸еǷ𣿻ߣоԼСˣڤ˵˾䣬Ⱥ̧ͷűڤǵУȷһǷ֮⣬ţڣֻѩţǾ½ޱȺ̨š
ȺַϣֻӰ˿ȴֱǣһϣ͸һ֮⣬·Ҫʣ档
ǵģ΢΢һǲ𣿿½İǸоСַ㣬ȴ֮⣬ҰĲ־֮־ˡ
ǲַԭ
ڤҲע۲˵ķӦȺ¶״ַ̬ķӦûһ̤ǿ֮ģֻƫһ磬γΪ½ǿߡ
ַʣӦ÷۴½ѩ
˴ѩǿļλţƷ۹ҲţȱٵǿָȱٵǿԴ
ԣȼŻ᲻ϧǧѩαװȺУ֣ټš
ſǵ۽磬ţԲһССѩǵĿ꣬ԣԼǿɡڤָʥ֮λɿ֮⣬·ҪȺ˵Ժлص
㽥ɢͼʧȺűڤдһĨЦ⣬ڤʼû˵񹬵ĿģＤ˵ǿ֮ģƺ̵ɣһϯ֮ԣȺ֮ģȷø͡
Ǻǿһܴĺô۽жߣߵжԶ


0685 ֮
ڤĿɨȺ˵ı鶼۵ס
ʵǿˣӵԼһأǣɷ֪侳ǿߵǣǷ֪侳ǿߵǣǷ֪֮ϵľǿߵͨڤ˺ȵ
֪еˣм˶侳ǿ˽һЩߣûдϣǸġ
֮ϣʲôǿߣӵôͨ쳹صֶΣǴûȥ
嫵񹬣֮йأھ½֮ϣ侳ǿߣӵ֣ųߣ磬ǣӵԼһءһƬ磬֮ϵǿ߸ˣǵأܱһҪ嫣Ҳһ۹嫣ҿеؾҪȥĵطʵһλǧǰǿߵסѣ˵ʵ֮ϡ
֮ϣȺһ嶼΢΢ţ֮ϣǶԣ侳Ŀ꣬ߣ󣬲֮ϣǺξ綼֪ǣζû
ǿеؾֻһǿߵסǧǿߣǿߣߣ
ֲֿǿߣ³ܽĨɱǷɽѣһϽӡ
һ߸ǿĴڵסĹ޾ӵˣҲߣūҲҪ̤䣬ǿһ£һжĻԵ
ڤٶȿڣʱȺȻĶ߸ǿ֮˵Ĺסھǿߵ硣
ַâ˸ԭˣѹ񹬺ķ˴ٰѩȣʮһȣңĴҲһ٣ţΪ˱ڤеľǿߵ硣
ѵؾʮͿһΣĻѾǰ˶ȥ˲ٰɡַ㿪һѩȣʮһȡ
Уǿ߾ס֮أӵʵưɡĪϧдһĨЦݣʲôǿ߶ԽؾôǣԵûκε壬侳ù𣿽ȥҲֻ
ԣǾǿߵȷ趨˹סΨ侳֮µ˲̤㣬侳Լ֮ϵǿ̤Уַ㣬ˣѩȻʮһȣûһѩȣһܵӣؾ꿪һһΣҲֻǵοѣԸ̤Уǵеˡ
һȣǵΣң侳֮ϵˣȥ
Ҳζţǰ棬ֻ˽ȥǵĻᣬƺܴ
Ⱥһ˲ҲˣЩƴ£ַ㡢£޵͵ǣԭԭַ㼸˵ʵ侳֮£ѾǼֲˡ
ϧһʧˣûн˶񹬡
񹬽ؾǵõҪη֣˿ʵע⡣
Ǻǣ񹬽ؾ񹬣ֻҪһõıȫԼ꣬񹬶һǿĹ似ڤЦſڵȺһ˵񹬣ֻҪһĶǡ
ȻҪǣΣ棬ؾеǿߣԲǣ񹬱ǿߣţǶһ뷨̤УñУпԶ
ڤĿ˸ŷ֮âУ͸żּ֮⣬ȥˣпܳǽ
߸ֲĴڣߡū֮һֲס磬ôܲȥһҪȥ棬Ļ
ֻǲ֪ˣǿĿֲڣģס磬ΪγΪʧؾǧǰʲô
һСַĿ˸һâµȭͷ΢΢һգԣһĪĻ
Ҳȥ
ҡ
һڣû˷Ǳͱڤһϯǿ֮ģ½޼ʣѩֻССһ飬ңԶʥݣǴ½룬ǣкܳ·Ҫߡ
áڤȺӦüһЦ⣬ˣͬ⡣
˭Ը񹬵𣬱񹬣Ȼӭ֮ϤڤڵؼŸ֪Ҵ𰸣ұڤ˵ǵѡ񣬻ģѾúȥߣʱ֣һṧߣΪλ
߽Ⱥһķâߣи߸ϣϵǳ߲ʣΪһţû˴βμѩȣܼ˵еߣң˴ΣΪǽǵҲȻ¶
ˣλѩȣҲҪúõһ˰λϢһҹգϣλջ񡣡
ڤЦ˵漴һԵŮӵݹһ漴ŮЩˣǰȥϢ
ַ㣬Ҵȥɡ
ߵַߣַ¶һǳЦַ֮ʱһ֮⣬Դ΢
Ŀַ𺳵ʵѩȵĵһϯλжַӡҲȻı仯ţɾʵ꣬ԭŷڵѪԼǿ֮ģǿַ޷ʵôġ
áַЦŵ㽫һˣŵһɡ
š濵˵ͷַһаˣ񹬣һɰ˵סˣҿĺܡ
磬˵ǲ񹬵һߡǰַĸ첲Цĵ񹬣λյһƬռ䣬ƺͦȤġ
ȵŵĵطɣٺȥһߡַҡͷЦ
ſЦţַǰѩȿʼûкַ˵ַ㣬ֻ֮ͭ¶һɵЦԴһʱ֪˵ʲôȻûдѩս̨߳û磬Ѿǿˣ
Ƿصѩ£һܾʰɣϧƺڡһȻƺַ㣬֧һţַҲؽƺ


0686 
񹬵ҹһ¸֮У
̤ڷ֮ϣƺ͸ż⡣
Ưڷ֮ϣмӰվǣ̧ͷڿյɫ
硣ַһһռ䣬ɫȴ˵ʵ
£֪ǷҲһԲ͸żԶ̾Ϣ֮⣬磬Ϥİļ䣬ε򣬲֪Ҳ˿̤ŵĵطһƬա
϶ԵŵЦŵַģĵ˵ͷ磬ԺжѾģڣֻǾ½һλޡ
ɫȴȱһһƵͳȻַĿת΢΢һЦҲǶƸ֮ˣ
֮;Ҫһżִŵģ飬Ҳ̫ûȤҲЦ£ѵ㲻ɫ֮˵ʲô𡣡
ַһЦ漴һ䣬ϥâ˸ϥϣһŹ٣¡
ַ㣬֪٣
ſַĶҲͬһ㶣漴Цţֱַ̧ͷԲ£֪үүôˣүүиַ㣬˵Ҳүүʲôȥˣ϶Ǹȥˣ
ĳүүһֱϣֻΪŻԶ磬ҵ̫ǿֱַ㣬үүȥĵиַ㡣
һһ죬ˣżֿչ֮ȣ·˻¶ã̸۵أ̸۵ƣɫ
Ľ뵽ɵУ֪ģ徹ȻҲ⡢ûκֵ£΢ЩɪıӰǴż͸ż
âĵǰ˼ƣǣԹ˵ֻƬ̣ϣһĨ糺֮ɫŸ߹޵գԵøˡ
ɫơˣһĻ棬ûȱʧĻ棬ҲĴ˿ԼҲᾪ̾ڻȱʧԼʱҲΪеһ֡
ɵͳø߿ɸ߿תΪͳֱ֮л졣
ű۾ƺѾ˯ƣûдӻ߳
ԶͬķλٻӰַıӰմǳЦϲַɾ͸۾ַǿΪַգһŵˣ֮ϡ
Ҳַ㣬бһʯ֮ϣȻϴǳǳЦݣСһǸˣӵԼĸԣ̨ϵŵеȴƺ顣
㲻ĪϧǰΪȾĪϧŮ˵ġ
૵һһԼԲԶԼڵϵģŮ˵ңǸײ
ַ㽫𣬿һԱĿ˯ţ۽Ҳ¶һ֮ܰɫ
عͷֿһۣȴ˿̵ƣ糺죬͸˵ɡ
̧ͷƺҲַ㣬˲øˣ΢΢ͷƺƬ̺Դٶ̧ʱѾָ糣ǳЦû뵽Ҳôá
һλʦ̵ġַЦŻӦһգƽ٣֮ϣҲһЩ衣
һЦĬ£֪˵ʲô
ȻȥϢˡվת뿪ʱԼҲѾȥˡ
ַҡͷЦ£漴СĽű漴ҲŰźõסȥ

峿һˬ֮񹬵ÿһ䣬մ֮ǰַ˶Ѿĵˡ
գ߽֮գܲǵУӰԵøļв¶˷ܵĹâ
侳߽ףҪ֮ҪһηԾ䣬ǿ
ߣھĿֲڣѪҺΪѪ֮ںˣǿĴڣΪҵ
ڤ߿ȺѾˣҲ¶һЦݣܹվѩȵ̨ΪѩţЩ˶ִ֮ģӹɵģǶпΪǿߡ
λɡ
ڤȺ˵һ漴Ųһ磬Զȥ
Ⱥ̧Ų׷׸ϱڤĲдš
һЩʱ̣ȺһΰǺܹӼ򵥵ĵǰ򵥵ĵǰһСţ͸СţƺܹһλϥһԲľϣգ·붨̬֮
⣬ȺС̤Ǳ񹬵ĹڤҲһ΢̤ÿһ
ߡڤŵǰԺеӰ΢΢Ƿһ
ɡ
һ·ֱ쳹ȺУ˵ģһ
ߣڵǰԺеӰǿô
̤΢ĽŲһ˻̤Ժ䵱У棬Ѿ׼ΣȴȻվǰû¡
ַߵĵǰǰˣȻ

ַаһǵģӰӣУඥΪԾʱֻһģӰӣԷգ˿̿ǰӣ·ĪϤУףǰߣǰǿߡ
ɡһߵʼսգ촽Ҳδ䶯һ£ȷʵֱǵԺСĵУ·һħ㣬ǵģһ
ż־֮£Ⱥȴ·Щڰ㣬ǵǰߣ侳ǿڣּɽӺնϵǿߣ˿̣ߣǰ


0687 Ϊǰ
˶׷£ߣ
ͨһ˫˫֮£Ⱥ·оԼΣûκε룬·һУҪ˫͸
ǣΪζ
˿һȺһͣΪζȻΪʵΪ˼⴫˵еǿڡ
ΪУһ˿ڻӦ½˲Ϊǿޣܡͨ쳹أƿ˵ˡ
Ҳ𣿡һɨȺΪ˶׷׵ͷǣΪ
ܺãȻǶΪô˭ңν
ƽĻȺԺУȺһν
ǿߣ磬֮ϣΪƸΪ꣬ǣνǣ˻ȥ룬ԣ˾һĬ
ûܸ𣿡һȺɫ΢ЩӲ˼򵥵⣬ȴ֪δ𡢴
ˣͷо
ûŪ̸׷̾ϢһȺǲ֣ǿڿ˵׷ʵʲôû˻ش
ҴµĽ֮Ϊ̣似壬ʹ÷ͻԼļޣ򡢽ȻãȻ֮ƿȻ֮а壬ʹΪã󡭡ҲҪˡ
˻˵ţ漴ʵҶĿΪأ
һڶصƿص
˶ңʵƺҲˣС֮ʱԼƣٵϤԼƿء
һһ죬ƿΪԼõˣǻʲôǿߣߣ¶޷ƿذɡ
ҵĻ𣿡ʣȺͷһݡ
йԪǽϰֶͨΣ־Щǿص˭ܹԽȻƿ־˭ǿ
˻Ӧ˵ʱ΢΢˵ͷ¿˵ɣȻ֮ǵֶͨαǿǵ־ǿǲϽӽأֻǵΪܲͣľ
ַ㲻ϵĵͷһ㣬øһЩǽϡǷħϣģΨн硢Ȼ֮ýǿޱȵ־øǿֲ
㣬ٸңҪΣΪ
ӵ㹻Ԫ絽ˣȻˣ˻ش
Ǿ磬ʲô߷ʣȺֶһ㶣磬ʲô
磬ָεʡ
磬ӦһɣԽԽߡ˻ش
磬ʹΪƵȴ޷˵֮磬һΪֵȺţ絽ˣڵľ磬ʱ̲ǵľ磬Ϊϵľ磬֮ͨϵľ硣
ˮʯ
˵գһӣʱյУһˮϵĵʯϵ龰
ǵľ磬ʯ˿ˮˮʯḶ́ˮɣҪõˮʯ෽ǣԸıˮ٣ͬһʱ䣬иĵˮܵھʯ֮ϣǣˮøÿһεˮײʯǿ֣ǣҪˮʯ죬Ҫˮÿһζͬһط̵ʱڣˮɡ
ߵĻ£һ촫ˮʯС
ǣ𣿡ƻӶˮʯ飬ʧˡ
ͬʱ䣬иĵˮھʯ֮ϣڷܣˮ÷ǿײ֮Ǽɡ򣻵ˮʯÿһζͬһλãרעǼ֣һĲи֡
ַ㻺Ŀڣ̧ͷַһۣ΢ЦŵͷԣҪ磬ڷܡƴҪ츳ɣִ֮ġ
Ƕѩţ侳ǲԶֻҪȷķȥ˼ȥȥƴ侳Ǻܽ䣬˼壬Ҫľ磬˺һΨ˺һǿߣ֮ͨɾ֮λ
Ҫ䣬ȣ̤˺һ֮
Ⱥһ䣬Ȼ˿̵˺һ̤㡣
̤侳ǸעصģǶƿҪǿֶͨΣǣҪȥϵ־֮־־ֻ߲֮־ͬΪ֮һǿ־ǿߣһûУ֮˿׻һˡ
֮ǣҪ־Բ֮ɾͰǿߣ壬ǶΪңԶѾʼܹƿһصˣΨаǿߣɳΪߡ
˺һ䣻ǿߣܳΪߣÿֲ
һ㣬˺һִ޷£г޷䣬Ϊǿߣֻ˺һϡϣ侳絽侳ɱ䡣
䣬Ψ˺һصܿ侳


0688 
мҵĻҪ䣬˺һ׿һУǣңʼ޷£ǣԶͣ۷壬޷ͱһ㱡Ĥ̤䡣
ظһȺһݣ֮μסҪ䣬أ˺һ֮漴׿֮ܳ
ڷܺҪ츳Ҫִšһż͵֮ĺҪ꣬ҲǳҪ꣬Ҳܹ̤֮ˡ߻ֹɣĺĳӣȺ졣
꣬侳֮󣬺ܾܿǵˡ
Ծ˶ԣ֮꣬һֱǣǵΪϣǻһֲڿ֮ǰ־йص־޵ķӡ־Ĳ־֮ǵľߣټϿ˺һľ磬Ȼӵϣڤڤ֮лܵһص־ȥӴ־־򣬴־йء
ԣһ侳ǿߣǿ֮޷־Ƿ䣬˶֣һ־ǿ䣬Խɱˡ
߻˵ţ˵Ŀ⣬ַϣδ䣬Ѿ뽣־أ츳£ᣬţ̫١
ַ㣬磬һĽ־һʲô硣߿ȺĿ⣬ַ΢΢һЦ
ַ΢ͣ漴ЦŻ񣺡á
תַ㿴ԺһŹ漴һɿµĽ־Ŷһ̣Ⱥֻо·ǧƽŰҪ嶼̴
ϸ΢촫Ⱥ㺧Ȼķ֣ǿù֮ϣһƬҶǧٿףȫϸ΢̣˲־ɶ־ңַ㻹ֻ侳磬ǿ䣬־ӵǿ
Ц£־ҿ΢ĸһ£壬ʲô
壡Ⱥͫһǣлܵ壬Ⱥˡ
İ壬Ƿ֮壬磬бĪ֮⣬׽͸ţǣˡ£ŵ壬·վһߵӰ·վƺõӰӡ
漴һƷڿռ֮һȺм䣬ȫߵӰӣͣǵǰȫͺһһ˲䣬ÿһ䡣
֣ǴǰӰӣյģʲôƺʵ塣
Ȼһ̣һƷȺȴȻһΪĸܵԵӰӣһ£ݵһ˲䡣
ʵģȺһ໥Ƕ˶Էе𾪣ôӰӣõģʵʣ
ΪʵʱȴţΪõʱȴ˵ʵ
壬ǰ壡ȺͷвСĲǰıɽһǶѣǸо˼飬ߵܹͨġ
ǰΪԼǿ󣬵ڣǲŷ֣ӴԽǲԽԼжô֪ܣǿߵǰǾǳ֪һʲôǰˣΪǿһƬ硣
侳磬ǻӵһҪǱǿˣǿʼӴ꣬ǵܹ꣬ʵӸǿ˵ÿһ䶼ȺȻ侳Ȼܹȵģ侳һ߶ȡ
˵ǿУһ;ӵнݾô˿ڷܡ츳Լ־֮⣬Ƿ;Ϊ磿
˿ʵʱ˶䣬ǵȻʻĺ壬ʵ˵ͨһЩ˾ʣҼ񹬣ǷԴұ˸Ϊ硣
ȻҲ˴ʻ˼ЦһۣӦȻ̤κεľ磬ܹӵǿԴƥ䣬侳ǿߣ־֮־֮б̺־ȥ־ȻҪõԼ־ƥ־֮򽣵־õ־֮ɸ򽣵־ǵõ־֮аôǿҡ
־֮ȻǷǳˡ˵
Ȼ־֮Ҳֻ࣬ĸ֮ʹãȻǻ߹磬϶вٵ־֮֮ЦˣȺͷһ
߹磬߿еĻߣӹɣǱڤеľǿˡ
ߣԭ֮ϣΪʣߡʣ
ڻߵĹУ־֮а֮
رڤҲ˵̤統УһҪ֮ԿΪУΨһ֮ǰ֮΢Ц˵Ҫģǰ֮ӵ˰֮ǿߵȻǿ
ǲգΪҪؾ֮˭Ըð̤С
ǰһһ⣬־֮εʱַҲʵ
־֮Ϊ־֮־֮󣬻бǺ쵮־֮磬һӵ־һط˾Զܵ־֮ʯֱ磬һǿޣһطչ־֮ʱҲпܵ־ʯ֮Ҳͬˡ
ˡַ˵ͷ
˸˼Щʶ
ǣ˭ʲôҪ𣿡Ŀ⻷Ⱥ˶ĬһʱҲ벻Ҫʲô
ȻûУձ㵽ΪֹλȥɡߵĿڣȴԴһϣ˷׷߹漴뿪


0689 켶似
뿪סȺоȻʧ֮УȻֻǶݵʱ䣬ߵһϯǿ˸硣
û̫԰ףǶ⣬͸˼֣֮ϵľ磬ҲˣУһɿ֮⣬ӵ־Уİ壬ɾ֮𣬻УǸңԶĻʣ
ڣӵһᣬʵĹ磬Ҳܵõ־֮Ҳܵõرǧǰʵ磬ΪΪū澣˵ûر˻š
һߵܹ˷ߣǶԣ߸ϣֻ֮
Ժ䣬񹬹ڤȺһֱڴû뿪Ⱥ¶һ˿Цݣߣλһʶڣλ˭Ը񹬣񹬶ġ
ȺĿ˸һΣַ㼸֮⣬ˣ⶯ǣƺҪһǿƽ̨ܹǱǿƽ̨
Ը񹬡˿˵¶ġ
ҲԸ⡣˸ַͣ㼸һˣڱ̬Ը񹬡
һĻڤҲ¶һĨЦ⣬Ŀ⣬ȴɶַ;Īϧϣϣ񹬣ַɲΪɫƽȻ
ַ㡢ĪϧġƷģǣúÿһ𣿡ڤһһ˵֣ʵ
ĺַ죬ַ㱾Ϊʦ֮ˣΪַ֮ҡͷܾñڤ£ԭַ㾹֮
ĪϧҲ׷׾ܾǣڼ񹬣ûȤ
ãȻλѶҲȰڣǶɡڤҡͷ̾Ϣһ漴ִȺһԹڣһƵĹ֮ʱڤŴȺڵء
ʵĹİĴǳŵģ̤У㷢һŵĹ飬Ŀ
棬мӰķŹ顣
ơңԪַɨһۣĿһͣȫǹ似֮ͨ
ͼĹ似ؼƷ似Уұڹ֮ˣԿⷭģɴ룬Ҫǻ߳¼뿪ûκεơ
ڤ˵Ⱥͫ͵£ؼƷ似ǶԣѾǷǳˣֻҪǱڹ֮ˣͿ˵ѡǿӵеĺô࣬ͳʣ츳ͬһ˿Լһӵ˺õǵ㣬ȫԵȣǵҲע졣
뵱ŵõ˵ؼƷ似ԵʮӰɱȣؼƷ似ѡַЦҡͷҲΪԺǸͲȱٹ似ͬʱܶ࣬ټĴ԰׵Ĺ似ѡ
ַ㣬˴ѩȣõ˵һԻʹͣԸ񹬣ұڶѡ켶񹬹ܾ񹬣ɲ㣬һ켶似ȴ޷ѡҪ似һģѡ
켶
Ⱥһַ㣬ǴĲַ࣬Ը񹬣켶ͨѡ񣬿ϧ̫ϧˣ治ַΪξܾ
ңַܾˣɴӦһ켶ͨûеĴΪַ㣬ѩȵһߵ磬Ҫַǿʵ
켶ַһдշ쾭Ѿˣ似ͨ治٣תħǹǷǳǿֶΣ켶
ַ㣬Ҫһ켶Ĺ似Ѿ־ܹٽ־ѡһ׽ڤַ
ַҡҡͷӵѪصĽ־ټԺлյһѾܹٽԽ־Ҫ
Ҫһ似ãӵз֮־似ַ㿪˵ֶζˣҲǿȱٵģƺѩǿߵʱѹƲˣǽԼֲֶԣѡ似
ãȥѡһ켶似ڤ˵ͷȡһö֮ףһ֮ŵǰ֮ϣ̼䣬һƹâڤֱʧԭء
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һʱ̣ڤŴ˳Уһö֮ϣƺеĹ˸ţ֮
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ĪϧлˣҸ˵ʹͣұ㲻ˡĪϧҡͷͨѾǿˣ켶Ĺ似Բӵǿؼ۷似Ҳ󣬵ٶԾĪϧô
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˼ˣҲҪ뿪ˣؾʱص㻹빬֪ʱԻԼڡ
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áַ˵ͷǼ䣬໥Σǿߵ񹬼ȻҪַˣ㲻ȥǣţ


0690 ŭ
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ˣءѩ޳Ҳ񹬣ڷպϵʧһμ֪ǺʱҲҲԼˡ
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0691 ҫ֮
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0692 ۾ɢɢ
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0693 ֮ս
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ҵĻǶҲ˰ɡçĿ˵͸һɰԵ֮
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ֻҪַؾ֮ǰ˵͹ˣ԰ɣ̫䵭һ
ˣç̫һۣ漴ĬƬ̣ҲܣҼǲ׼棬ַ㣬š
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С㡣
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ллȻڴˣַһҪ˵ַ㣬֮ŮҶͶϣԸӭȢҶΪޣȫ
ַ㣬ڱ˾λ֮ʱҶףž֮棬֮档
ַĿഥһ𣬿ռ䵱У·һ֮ڽײһΪѩ¾һΪѩ˾


0699 ͬ
ռһĬȺӰײв֪Ǻθоյ꣬Բ֮ҹ潭֮ϵ꣬ѾֱΪ˾֮λλ;ͬ
ľھԣգ˵ַҪȢҶȶѩǰϯλڽܶ޵ܹԸַ¶Ѿɣܶ޵ѩ´֮ڣ˫ҫΪ˾˭˵ַ㲻乫ģҲκˡ
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Ļ˵ƽ͸żͣ·ǴַҶһյɷԵѲ֪ȥ
һҶһѡ⼪աַ΢΢ͷ漴ŲֱӴӶĵߺХ˲磬ַȴδһۣѲԸαĶĺɫ
Ŀ⻹ǿǰǴǳЦû֪µʲôĸܡ
·ȺҲ˼漴ɢȥЩ˵ĹĶǣҲκϲȥ


0700 Ѹ
ʹУϪʯںһŮϪˮϣǰһͼ֮УȻһӵӰ
ȾϽϪˮȾɫ漴ֱϪߣŮƺЩֻרעĻԼĻԼİӡ
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ڴʱһϲҶϣеĻ΢΢һңҶü漴عͷˣСоʲôôðʧ
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һУɳ𣬳ƺƴĳǱݳǶһ飬˶ܵһǿĳܸһдôǿ֧š
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ݳ֮һ¶ֻ֮ɫЩǿݳҪʲô
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֮ɫ˵Ŀ⻺תѩеĺ嫳Ǳۡ񣬳ѾΪ˾ҲڽǳǱΪѩʥأһʹ
ݳǵȺһǽӲӵֽţĿþ޷뿪ǵ壬ڲš
ѩȹھѩҫڵ۹ҫѩ¹ҫͬҲݳǵҫַ㣬ݳ߳
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ַ㣡Ҳ˿еĽӲʾ쳤̾ǣݳּ֮ˣ
һУݳǷѩ·ֻݳǵˣд̣Ϊַݳ߳


0701 ׼ծ
˼֣κɡֺԼҶСһ飬ƺʲô˷ܵĻ⣬ϵϣЦݣҲûĮ֮ʼմһƵЦȥ˱ѩŮĮ˼ֹʥ
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0702 ʱս
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ַ˵һ䣬ֱӴ꣬ôСһ£񡭡


0703 ɽ
΢һ飬ȴҪų֮֡
һУΪǲϷŹַõļԪʯҲ˵˶оЦʵ˵Ļϡ
ĿѡԼŵ˵ȻַߣЩѡעҪںһ
սɡмѵ³һͷųޱȿҰ֮Ϣ긡֣Ȼ֮꣬а֮꣬ڤһ
սɡַϣһޱȵĽ־ŶֲĽ־ռ֣ŵȫ͵Ĳ⽣·Ҫ졣
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ŵϰֶεǶࡣַŲһ磬֣нתۣһֲľ޽
ɱַŭһصĽ־̼ͷţһâ˺أ쵽˼飬ֱӻա
ﻹüõһֱֱۣӱһ˺ѵ
ŭһҰĲ֮⣬ȻӦģһһֱԼնѪȾա
ŵһԼ˫죬ǵ˿ڱַŰɱֱ۶ն
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ҽһ궼ɣ漴һâնȥһü£һѪɫۼ
һ⣬ŵȫסˣ漴ǾͿ׹䣬һ
зŭ·ޱȵ泩㣬֮ףԽԽӵӣ꣬˵꣬ߡ
ַĿһɨ·漴Ųһ磬ֱӿ絽һͷǰ֮ţֱӶͷޣʱͷ޵Ŀô֮ʱַĸܵ޵һϵղŻŭ˲ޱ˳
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ţˡһַ³ƺȺУ̾˸ˡ
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ôĵӣȻֱӳ뵽ɽȥ̫ˣѵͲµ
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ȥɡַڿգȻַ˼ֱӳ˳ȥŭһſѪ֮ڣֱӽһȥϳɫâתϢ׳˼֡
ַĵ˵ͷϹޣһûеֱֿһھͿ̵
صַߣ˵ǰ
ȵȡʱַͣʶ֮һͷǺɫëľԳʶС
ʯԳַ¶һ˿Ц⣬һͷ߼ʯԳʯӲβɴݡ
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ʯԳΣַ㿪˵
໣ʯԳַĻſ޴죬ŭХһƬռ䶼ڲ˫ַĴԼţ࣬ȻҪΪūɶ


0704 
ѩ¹ʹУһ鷿֮ڣмӰƺʲô
һУΪ׵һˣͷϴŽɫĻʹڣ·Ǹ߸ϵߣȻˣȴϴȺľ
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Ȼ鷿ڵĹ֮⣬ûһػޱȣ˸̤ߣ·һأƺҲζţû˸ҹܴͷʹڣû˸Լ
鷿ŵˣһԵ׿ȺȻʵǷ֮çﶨ֪ЩУȻ̫峤̫Уīʦǣ侳ǿڡ
ܹ侳ǿƽƽȻҲǿߡ
Żʹ֮ˣʵ֮ѩ¹֮ǿߣûŹ˵ʹеλ֮ĻôֻһˣҴŻʹڣӾˣѩ¹Ĵ֮ף˻ʣ
˿̣˻Լ̫աīʦһˡ
˻ʱ£ɴʱ֮⴫һɴѩĴͳ֮һѩҳ˻ʵ¡
ѩ¹оڣ˻ʣ䲻ΪɳˣƺΪ¡
ΨƿǿʵߣܹӵоԵĻȨ˻ʣѩƿʵˣѩľ

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˻һ䣬ֱվ漴Ųһӭǿߡ
̫յҲ׷վ˻ʴ˵ǹϣ뵽ȥ壬ֿµĴǿߣȷҪӭֻҪ嶯֣ܽѩ¹

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ֲ˷·һʯԳϣԶԶĴݳȥһ·Ҫա
ʯԳŭ֮ͣΨڿлصַĿĮʯԳҡ
𣡡ſ޿ڣͳХʯԳ³漴¡ŵ棬ʯԳһַ㱼ȥ˫ַ·׼Ҫַ˺ѡ
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ַЩľʯԳķѾԵֵס侳ǿߵĹˣʹ侳صټһؽ־ſƿķȷʵܱ̬Ȼַ̬һ¾ͽɱˡ
⻹ҵʵΨгң·һ
ַĮĿ˵ͬʱŭ֮󣬾ҡϣʯԳ˶¶𾪵ɫ
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ұֱ㳼ղţֻΪĸԸһ³׳ǰ漴ţһžʯԳʯԳֻоһҲ޷ƿ
ûκε⣬ַ㣬ʯԳշ˵ͿֱʯԳòΪʯԳܹηϿŻƿʯԳķһ
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ȵɽıԵȥشңһҪշһЩޡַʯԳԸһ漴ٶȳɽȥη塣
¡ʯԳַɽԵش̤ȥʯԳ࣬һŵûǶҪɢˣôֲޣȻھɽΧңڳɽԵȥѵҪֲ޳
ȻʯԳ⣬衣
ȻֻʱģЩھɽΧȺûйþ𺳵ˡ
ѵػƱ쾦ߡţˣһķˣȫǿµޣСĶ弶ޣ˿̣ЩµޣȻȫžɽΧЩɽðյûбƵöƨҷһżЩ޳ǶܵķͶȥһ񣬾ͽŵûʪ͸
޳ôЩð֮гһЩµţϵķޣҲеϵޣӹɣǿޱȡ
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ʱ֮ϣХ̧֮ܵͷ漴ǾͿһӰһ֮ɫ޼٣ֱӵһȺǿ޾ۼ֮ء
һĻЩڰ˻ҵĲţѵ
ͻȻ뵽һֿܣֿܣ̫𺳡
ǳ֮ɫޣ棬ôϵӰӦǣַ㣡


0705 
ʵ֤ǵĲ²ȷģӰ棬ֱӿȺС
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Щ޵¸߰ͷ­ǹɿµɳ죬ɢȥûκεСҿߣ·Ǵ֮ء
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ңַԣͷµȫʺѪ¡
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һģѩ¹ǿţңƺһҪһЩȫұű
ҵļˮԼŵǰε磬վѩ¹˵һ֮ǰȫַɱˣһʮոյõѩȹھΪѩ˾ɱˡ
Һű֮󣬻ʳеСԼȺƺڳ֮ҺţܿǶʧˣֲǵֻһĹʲôûˣƺȫգֻҪĶȫˣȺ޵ҧƺһ̫ˣǰԼŵԴȫ̲
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ÿһʱ֮ʱͻ죬ΣҲҲ⣬ַѩµ̫Ӷ޵ѹ
Ȼ˵ѾзˣҲԤ֮е飬ҺѹַѹôңַãһĸףǵУ˭ܲ𡣡
˻Ӧ˵ʱȺ׷׵ͷǶվַ֮ϣַ㣬ߣмУϣļУ·һҲַܹһ𣬿𣬽ЩԼȫȥЩɱԼȫɱʹʹ죬޾ýԹĵס
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0706 ӿ
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ˣҩģȫռȫˣű࣬İڷУңÿһ඼ӵзǳ
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ĨĨϵѪ˵建վַ㣬¶һ˿Ц⣬Ųţ㡣
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ϴŹЦ˵建ĵȥַʵ޷⣬Ϊôƽ˭Ȧʿ
ʿµĲǵʵǶη壬һ£ܱҲǿµġ
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ǺֲĸоַҲУƺʲô飬ݡ
ȥǣǰǾͳ죬һа취ĵõϢһ飬֪٣һҪ졣ַ㿪˵˵ͷãȥ
˵պֱӳ˳ȥƾҲ漴ϣƺھ˼ֲԶܿͿԵ
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񿴵һӰʱ֪ˣΪ׵ˣϵãȷǶгǾһλ졣
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0708 ج
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߽ʿΪѩؽԼѪȻѩ£ӽʿݽ棬ʱ
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ַ㡣ַ㺰ס֮ܿգѾѸ£㲻ȥгǣȥ
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гǱΧʿַ֪ͨ㣬ƺΪַ뿪ʳǡ
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ߣĶгǱ߻Σգ꺮ֹ׼ԼǰųѪֵܡ
УôҡֿĵǣҪȥ
Сɽд޶ôǿҴЩǰѪϣ㹻߸սˣȥˣûãСҪ飬Ƕ£һȥͿԡ˵
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⻳Ůˣ͹֮ʱһֱĬĬغԣϡǵʱɫµôĶǣΪˣϡǵõһ֮ʱеһ֮⣬ϡǵãܹԵκ˵ʥŮˣȴΪ㾡һзΪĬĬż֮࣬һڷݵĬĬĳܡ
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ӣɫ͸˵Ľ죬ȴӦַ㡣
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үŮһֹŮκҲͬ˹ַؿڵǿʯͷ·µøš
˵ַ³һ֣ĿⶢŮʵ
үϢ˵гǣĦԽɱŮ֧Ŀ˵£ַݺݵĲ£
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΢΢гһ϶ַо۾ʹ·ʲôҪг㡣
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ַĿ⽩Ӳ塢塢壬λһɳĽˣΪʿΪֵܶһУ˵ͻȻ


0709 г
СŮ֧֧ᣬԴ΢΢£˵ʲôȴƺ˵
ʲôַͷһĿŮʵ
ĦԽλʬ壬ڶ֮䱩ɹѩˣʬ壬û˸졣Ů˵ַĿһҧһѪ촽Ⱦ졣
Ҫȥһ˶гǡַͷգ̾ϢһĿһƳ֮ɫ
С㣬˿Ҫ뿪ʳǣǰгǡκַߣ˵ûйĽĽ֮Ҳܣǣڴصɱɿ
ַ֪˵ͷȻ֪˼ðѪ֮ǰͨʶƺ˿ţֱԲãЦݹ죬漴ǿһǰгǣҪ侳ǿ˲
ڱ߽ս֮ϣǿߣ㣳ԣַ㣬Ƶú׼֪ĹϵҲַԸ㶨һȥ
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ȥɡκ̾Ϣһ֪˵ǶԵģгǣַҪȥ
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ʿĿţĶյλʬ建Ĺ£λ£嶨һỬ£δϣ·ʹԼܣԽ
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ĦԽԼƹĺƵǰĽ첢
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С㣬ƹפˣֻʣһ֧ӣսɡϽٶȽ飬ʬ嶼ߣͻƹķǽԶ뽫ʬ壬Ҳ
ԣС㣬սɣȻʬ壬
˫죬ĬƬ̣漴ĵ٣һգТ׼ս


0710 ַ㽵
ģӿгǵľӲϵĳŶۣʮ֮⣬ƹˣפǣʱѾں̣ʱȴгǾӵĽҪȻгѡ֣һΪʬ壬ǱҪս
ͳڼ̤ŻҰĴأƬؼ䶼͸һɱ֮һЩʱ̣гǵĴ룬һɫİɫТôĴۣǰľʿȫųɫףǶгǾŵѪš
гǴǰ̤һͷѪս֮ϣޱ飬ԴӺ͸սĿս֮ϵѪÿһ춼ڳţüǿͣԸ׵ܹ侲Ȼָ
һңҪҡ
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ףŮТʬ嶼޷סҲΪ㸴Ҷսϣ㲻Ҫҡ
૵ĿµʱһĨǿ֮ٶȿϡ
ӱȡǳɫĹɹΣſʸһХ֮ʸƿնȥ
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гǣһȺбλ׼ƶгǣѾ˲֪ٴΡ
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𺳵صãأȫɱԽԽƹУӰ𣬴Ӵ˸͸ǿϢ侳ǿߣƹΪ˴εս˲ǿߣ侳ڱ߽ľӶԣѾǼǿˡ
һ֮³Ԫ¿պɱȥµԪ˲佫ɱѪţģ侳ǿ֮ʱɲаĵֿɡ
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̧ͷĿ⿴յе侳ǿߣı󣬼ͷţһֱµļǡ
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⡣ж¶аĿ⣬ھôãͦȤįģΧǼƵִڼʸ֮ϣɵһһɹɿµͬʱƺɱ
ʸƿգֱӱһ䣬ͬʱһƣƺһ峯ȥ
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ѪšȫǡȺĿ΢΢һ꺮˵Ϣ´״ھֹסԼԼԵĸ֧ţڲһУɱ
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С㣬αֿԣ˵ǻúչ㡣˼ǰУɫɷףƹǿߣгǾУȴǿˡ
𡭡Զһŭ֮·ÿռ䶼Ϊ֮һȺԶͶȥ漴Ϳһͷɫޱȵ޹һ˫˸䣬ռͺХ
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𡣡Ƶһ³ռ֮з·ͻأӿ޾Ľ֮⣬˺ѣ֮ನ˺
˵΢΢һֻоһ͵ס漴͸оԼƺײ˵ĻС
żأƺ̤֮ϣعͷƳǽԼס˿ȥ̼
˫ոӵļ㡢Ϊ䣬峺ɾһκĮ۵ϣºͳĺۼӵķյ꣬ʣȴȫˣо͸
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紵˵ϣ˵壬ڷУ·δ֣ǵ壬޾Ľâ׵ķֽΪ
һĻ˵ġ


0711 
˿յһĻս£⵽꣬ʵÿ£ǰ潵ٵЩ޻Ҫֲ
ҲǰӰΰվǰȴ·һɽһΡ벻ΪڵһС
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ٿַ㣬δֻһǧâأֱӽǱҪǿ򽣴ģֱӷֽΪʵ̫ˣ޷һƺһֻͰʱ䲻ַ㣬·Ѿվ˲ͬ磬ǿ󵽳
ʱַվǣĿô䣬·ŭһȫס֡
ֲ˳ÿ˵ĶĤкǵ嶼ݣսеȺɱ̧ͷеӰ
гھȫҺˡһĮƽַ³һĨӹ֮⣬гǵھȻϵַ㣬վϵӰջնгǵӢ꣬ҪһӰս
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һ֮Ӱս𣿡ƿַǿߣܹһ֮һ嫵ս統ս֮ϳֵĦʦīԼѩ¹һѧԺԺƽһǵǿʵͿһ˵Ӱһսַۣ㣬Ҳӵʵ
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ЩŵˣҲһſڵϣȫǺˮʪ͸ˣǣҪΪⳡս۸ڡ
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ַѪǰӳָĦԽɱɱڣг˳Ѫ̤ڵ棬ƹӵʬ壬ɱЩѾɥʧս־ƹо
֮ûһ˻ţָĦԽ


0712 ɱĦԽ
ã֮ϣɱ׳и£ȫǹɳһ޼ʵսڴϳ۳ҡ
ƹȫ֮󣬶гǵľֱɱ룬ĦԽ֮أ֮ݲ˶˶㿪һ֧ľţ˭˸衣
յУһͷɫĿĴž޴ÿһ˸ǧ֮أһƬҵĿ磬ַվ޵ıϣ˶ǲһԡ
ַеĮûʧǹɱϢ·ǧ֮⣬ĿǰѾܾˣûпĦԽӵӰӡ
˵ĦԽľջڣȻʧӰȻȫ˻أôԭֻǵõϢĦԽַ֪㣬ң֪ˡ
ҲַţⱾһıԼгǵʿֻⳡıƷ˭ܹⳡıַΨлʳǱʹŵĸ߸ϵʵ
Хûа̵ͣϢϵĳĦԽĸأַǰһ嫵ɽɽĹ죬ȫ͸ŵϢһɿµĺɫ֮𣬽ƬնȾں֮ɫ·ȫа֮㡣
Ŀ⳯ɽ·ȥ͸ǲܹĦԽӵӰӣƺ沼һ󷨡
˿µʬѪĦԽ˶˵󷨡ַĿĮŲһ磬ڵһ˽ȥˡ
£ͣյУֱַӿƬаĺС
ħ֮תϢַϣ˸һ⣬ɷأΧһƬռ䣬ǿĽɫ⻪֮£а֣Щµĺ˱ܿʥ֮⣬аɽ
ƿַ彥ɫĿһַ̣㣬񵽵жôĿֲˣ廯ɷ⾻а
ɿµķ֮⣬ֱַӳƬа֮ʴɽУеĲϵ¶ǧӡһɫӡŵºɱȥ˲вҽаҲɢЩ
µĽâʼŰַ㻯ɫӵ֮ϣȻӿĽ˺һУͬʱַǿµʶ˳ȴ֣ɽе󷨷·Ǹ޵׶㣬֪жô󷨵ˣԲĦԽľʿ
ɱŭһ޾ĽŰҪ˺а֮ٳǰǹаԽԽʢһŭ𴫳һͷа֮ʬХſǳʬľ޿ֱҪһȥ
еĲϵ³ɫĹ⻪ڹϣùϵʬ룬Ҳıɹ⻪ᣬȻȫʬ֮ĹͲ֪ʹɿ͵ĳַ
ַĽŲһ磬ֱӳľ޴ĿУɫķа֣һڽַ븹УȻ漴һ񱩵Ľâ˺һУ峹׵Ļʬ֮Ӱ١
ַĽŲֹٵĳɽ̤ȥ¡¡Ľ֮ӡһ֮Ҳͬʱ˺󷨣֮ȫƣȻǰ棬޾а֮ﳯɱʬʬݣа֮ƺ޾һ
󣬸κβңȴҪסҡַĿ䣬ϵķתĻħ֮⣬Ҳħ
Ѫħҹ桢ħ񡢲ڤħħ֮³һµħ죬ҹ濪·ħɱڤħֱӳɽ·ȥ
ַٶȿ࣬ϵɱɽۡƺлþУ·䣬ַɱľɱذɻǿͷ
ʱ䡢ʱ䡭ַɫѿûʱˣ߿յУѪ߾٣صĽ־ͷţ漴¿ն䣬һâ·Ҫض˺ѣǹа֮һΪмƿһֱ쵽ңԶ֮ء
ˡַĿͻȻһɱͷˣŲ˳Ѫĵ·ǰ޾ļʬɢ¶ɽһ߾ʬ壬ַǰһɽ£ɽΪģȫȺĦԽĴ
ɽ֮ϵӰŽΣ屻ڽ̼ϣˣȻԼ꺮
ַпκεı飬ֻ޾ĺ֮
̧ͷַ㣬һôĵӣȻһ֮ɱĦԽ̫ˡ
ȥɡеѪ֮ٶȸ߾٣޾ĽضҪ˺ѣܵɿµĽȫĿһ¶־ɫɽ֮⣬ÿ£δ£ͷ·Ҫ˺һ
ɱ
һɿѪɫն䣬·춼նһ϶ֻѪɫâֱնɱɽ֮£̼䣬޾Ѫڿзһ
һĦԽھ϶¶˿ֻŵɫô£꣬ôô£ȫˣһ޼ʵʬ塣
ַ㵱ȻȥǵĿֻţһѪɫĹ⻪ţնƬأĲҽаѪһţĦԽľӣĿֻˣ⵽ô£Уأ
ַ̤һ֮ϣ֮ϵĽ쿴ַĿȫ¶˿־壬ô£˵ҪѩµȫɱΪγһǿꡣ
һ侳ӰֱַַֻһʱЩ˾ͱȫնɱ侳ǿߣɲһ
ֻţĦԽֻ֮ţ˭ǣôصǿߴ˿ģ
䡢¡¡𺳣ɽĴѩµľҲɱˣ󷨱ƣɽױַܿ㻨˺ܶʱ䣬ֻΪ󷨶ѡ
ַֽɱĦԽǵһѪͨ죬ɱĦԽˣȫɱ⡣
ɱµŭ֮ʬ屻ǣѪ״ֱɱĦԽУҪǵѪⶼ˺ѡ
ַĽŲһ£Щ죬ȫںˡڿֻš
ַ㣬ס֡ĦԽһϤַ΢̧ͷ㿴һӰ˸ɫǳÿ


0713 ĦԽ̫
Ħɣַ΢΢̣֮ˣĦԽ̫Ħɣս֮ս޲ʤš
ΨǶгһսˣַС
ȻȻĦɵӰеַȴо˵Ϥ
̫ӵ¡̫ӵˡЩĦԽʿֻŵĺˣ·ץס˾ĵݰ㣬ֻĦɽŲһ磬ֱ̤ϣַͫףַϣ³һַ㣬ҡ
˻һ죬Ħɷ·˺һߣȺȫһĦ̫ӣһֱƤߣ
ֻЩĦԽĽûоȣǼĦɵĿǰ꣬ǵ̫ӡ
Ȼ˿ַĿȴǽӲĿ˺ߵĦɣ³һơɡ
ĦԽ̫ӣȻһǰѩԳǣμѩȵţƷΪ˺ѣȻ˿̣ĦԽ̫ӡ
ѹû֪ӺζԣѹƷѩ֮ʱ˵ӶгǶѹѩȵ̨ûпĦԽĦɣ˿̣Ȼʣ
ַ㣬ĦԽ̫ӣƷĦɡƷɫһֱţ˵֮סˣЩĦԽĽҲסˣַ㣬̫Ħɣƺʶ
ǵ̫ӿǶѩǰʮϯλǿޱȣһܱǵġ
㣬λɲǣȫҪַĿĶƷΪ㣬һҪ
ַ㣬ǽƷﵱѣȻ֪Ĺϵɱô㲻ѡ
Ϊ˵ҲԸһƷµɫЩѿպԼַս᲻ַ֪ϵľӣɱ
ǣɱƷɨЩĦԽһۣǵĺݺݵһôо̫ӵ£ַǰƺƣ˵վַһߡ
⡢⣡ƷĽŲߵλʬڵĽ̼ǰмʬ壬˫ϥ΢ֱӹڵء
һĻĿ
ƷԴݺݵ£ҵײ졣
̧ͷ֮ʱƷĶͷһѪʮɳսԩĦԽУĦԽƷԽ
£ƷԴٶ£¡һһΣײøҡ
ЦƷ뿪֮ʱ뽫̸۹£뽫ҹıҵδӦƷ뽫Ϊ֮Ц˽֣ƷԽ
˵գصһߵףȺôˡ
ĦԽ֮ΪãλԩʿȴȫˣⶼƷ֮ƷԽ
³ƷһĮɱ建վ̼նѣ漴˵ʬСƽš
ЩƷٶַǰУһ麯ֲͬ麯
ַĿ˸麯ӹ漴һ򿪣ɵ
ֲͬ麯֣֮һ⣬ȻĦԽ̫ӣĦɡ
һˣĿǡ
Ʒ壬Ʒ˵Ʒѣŵ̸Ʒ麯˵Ҫ뿪ѩ£ĦԽһгһչѩ»ʳǣңʱԸѩ½
ܾˣҲûж˵ʲôֻǼ򵥵ľܾ
ַ㣬յһ麯ӦǽǰʣЦһصĦԽڱչҲ㲻ƷｫʣµΨһ麯ַ㣬麯ͬǲ𿪵ģַ㽫֮㿴Ʈּ
ĦɡΣһǽƷɣҲҸһ麯ܹ֮꣬ύַλͬ츳׵ſҲǲˣܾΣΪѩ£ѩ£ȻҷŲµǶгƬأֵµѪҵıѣѪһ죬ˡ
㿴麯֮лᣬתַ㣬˵һܹлῴ麯ĻһСˣڽĻҶСҪ˵ġ
С㣺һ㿴麯֤Ѿˣ벻ҪƷҵһ޹أȻƷ޹أôɱҵˣҲĦԽĦԽˣɱңԲҪ̫ɱˣֻѩ֮ˣС㣬ҪΪұ𣬵һҪסҪҵֵٺһΪѩѪˣֵãչ˺÷ƷƣΨһŲµˡ
һֵĽ麯ַ꣬嶼΢΢ţˣֻѩ£
Ųһ磬ַյУ麯ƣּ𣿡
Ƶͷ麯꣬ҲݺݵĲš
Ǹ׵ּûдƵ͸żֲ֮⣬ɱǵˣֻѩ¡
ַ㣬һ㽻ġƷ￴ַĿת絶ɨЩĦԽʿĵĦģ
һΣһĦԽĦ磬ˡ
Ħ磬Ʒͳ޾Ⱥɨȥ漴һӰն𣬴ͨʿףˣȻĦԽĦ硣
̫ӵ¡Ħɽ֮ϣƷ΢΢Ŀƽ
ʲôʱʼ㱳ĦԽƷʵ
Ħ¶һ˿Ц⣬ҡҡͷ̫ӵ¾ȻˣĦҲ֪һڶ꣬Ӧ˰ɡ
ѩ¹һλƷʣ㰲ĦԽʱ䣬ֱŷѣѩ¼λгʿͬҲƹԼĦԽʿѩ¹λĻ˵ı˵ĺ


0714 
ĦԽ̫ĦɣҲƷս֮ϳ˶г֮δһܣԼñ֮⣬һԭ򣬱ĦˣǳһˣһֱĦ統Լĸ֣ڣĦΪƷȻûϵĦǱߣѾˡ
һıλľ࣬Ⲣѩ¹ΪľѲѩ¹ƣѩ£޲˶гж⣬һıͬƹʮĦԽΨһĵһֻѩ¡
ѩһ֧֮£ĦԽԼƹûоӵֵһУֹһʯ̫ˡ
ַҲĦ磬ʵ˿̣УѾԼĲ²ˣˣĻµϢ
˵ƷŲһ磬һֱĦļͷ촫ĦļǴѵȻĦȴ۾δգһ£ɺЦƷ
̫ӵ£òϣǸţǻǻ϶ˣУΪӢۣȻ㻹ǲЩ̫ƽʢҲܳΪһۣģݡļƣ
Ħ绺˵ϣ£ְɣȻˣұѽ֮⡣
Ʒɫ࣬͸һɱϢһǿҵɱ⣬ţƾ׼ֽĦɱ
ȵȣһĮַ³Ʒͣգعͷַ㡣
ʮ˵һ֣Цδ̫Ϸ
ַ³һĦɫ΢䣬ƾҪԾȴַӰһ˲ϢǰһŰϣݻΪǾֱӱһâ̴Ĵ¡
ܡַ³һ漴Ħ壬ŲһϵΪ֮󣬽ĵڽ̼ϡ
гھÿһһ᲻ֱ㿴ԼѪɣ
ַ³Ħ岻ϵĲţüϴϣֱԼѪɶַ㣬ƷҪݡ
ǵ壬ڲ·ܹԤҪԶôп̷
Ʒû˵ʲôĿ⻺תЩĦԽϣɱ˸
ûи߹ǣάסƣöгǷֺƷ³һ֮Щ˵嶼һ˿Ѿ׷ʲôĦ磬ͽǣĦԽľӣһΣܹоǵ̫ӵ£ŭˡ
ûи߹ǣصĽǶ֣ҲҪ㹻أƷʣЩĦԽŲĺˣɱ⣬̫ӵµϣǸܵǿҵɱ⡣
ΪƷĳܹǣʱƷȴʦ
ǽҵĻˣƹͶгǵľɱѪɺӣǽҵľӣʬ嶼Ű˵ΥҾò
£ҲܵĦƻˡ˹ڵģĦԽ̫Ħɣɽ˸Υս޲ʤΥߣɱ
Ʒ̧ͷ̾ǶĽ죬ǣò
£ƷĽŲݺݵһ̤棬һɿµȻЩϣѪӿһĦԽ죬һƺߡ£
ַ㿴ƷɱЩĦԽ죬Ŀתϣƣ㽫麯ھɡ
ƿַһۣ漴˵ͷþ麯ж˶ܹͦ
ƶ꣬ĦԽǶгǵľʿȫˣԭĦԽ̫ӣͶгǵĽ֮ⱳڿһУĻףѩ¡
ЩгǵĽʿҪ쳤Хѩ£ȻѩҪҪЦ̫Цˡ
ܷչǡַƷѩ£ھ֮أַ㣬ȻҪѩ¹ľӣиĦԽֱ˸о̡
ƷҡҡͷҲַľӣҪǸѩǷģǷλģǷ֧ӵģӦôȥҪ
Ҫϻѩ£ҲǵĿĲ֧ӣҡַҡͷ̾Ϣֻأֻأڣʵ

Ʒһȣͻأģط·𶼹ĲԶĴط·ڿѣһ˯Ӱƺѣһ˫ǧ׵ĳյضҪڵס
ϢʱȺҪϢĿϿȥ·Ҫϲܿߴ
ǣޣȺĶԶƬأԶȻΪ䶯̫֮󣬷·׵Ĵ䶯Եø
䣡ȺĺݺݵĲ£ŲҡΣ漴һޱȿԵ쫷罫Ⱥֱܶһƨ˵ϣڣһµͷ­̧߰𣬷·Ϲźĵһ˫ô
Ϲźޣףһ˫ſＸǧףضҪڵסһ嫵ĳǱ
ͼޣĦԽھһĿǣĦԽͼޣĦԽһֱĴ˵˵ĦԽһͷԶ֮û뵽⾹Ȼģҥԡ
ַҲˣûмޣ˵Ӵ
ĦԽͼޣֻڹ֮ʱŻᶯãҴѩȹ֮ʼ棬ַ㣬գҰһΣΪΪʮʿѪҲΪ㡣
ƷĿ£˵ַĬƬ̣漴ͷѩ飬Ҳкι˼ˡ
ʼ棬ίˡƷת΢΢Ƿսֻһ˲䣬ȺϿգϵĹⶼڵס·һޱȾ޴Ӱ
建½䣬֮


0715 ֮
ַ㣬öгڽʿսɣʼ棬Яǰȥѩ¡Ʒ￪ڶַ˵
ַ˵ͷĿ⿴гڽԸһǰʳǣΪֹߣ֮Ը֮ˣ뿪ɡ
ȥȻҪȥ֮ܲгڽȺ鼤һ̤սڵϱڣȫżڵϵޱֱӿ֮£ȫĮ֮⡣
ַүλʬ壬ΰ졣ַǰʵȴַŲһ磬λʬǰǱŸ׵壬ַһԡ
λ壬׼ΣַʵΪŮȻȨ
׺λΪгǷһ׼λг֮ᣬǻڶģһֱػĵ·Ƶ͸һ˿ŨŨıˣгģǸõĹˡ
ַȻᷴƵ˼˵ͷЩߣҰѩ֮£ضİݼλ塣
ţַ㣬㲻ùˣȥɡƶַ㼷һ˿Цݣɴַۣ̾ϢһЩĻŮȴֻʣ˱ˡ
ĵ˵ͷַƵԴƵ΢΢һ
ַ㲻ҵ̫ãλ侳֮λʬģԼ̤ıֱӽıϡ
ıƺͳַټֽ֮գַ㣬Ҫϻȥ˿ֲĸо·ʲô齫Ҫһܲĸо
ޱſ漴˸£ʱޱȾ޴建ڿգ뼸׵ĸ߿Ʋ㵱С
˸ʱռһޱȾҵĿ磬ϴֲĺХ죬ϹЯʿѩ¹ķȥ˿һۣ˵
һͷޣЯ֮ڣ̫Ӵ飬ȫӰ
ĦԽһƷַһǰĦԽľƷ·ĦԽԼַµļ侳֮ʬǰģ׼ᡣ
ܿ죬ɫİڣټ޼ɽһƬţֻδɢλƮûɢȥȴҲޡ
졢ԽԽڣڵָֿ
ڴʱɽϿգ·һХ΢촫漴һӰӣӿ˸¡
ӰںڰУڵҹɫ·ҪΪһ壬˫ڶĿӻż˸һ⣬֪һӰ
ӰֱյУһɿµţа۹Ķ·һޱǿҵУг֣̼䣬ɽе޾ʬλ꣬ĳźӿΪλ̫Ӵ󣬾Ȼʵʵ죬Ŀ¡
ŵɽڲǰˣʬ졢ԩҰƺӰ˼ɵķţ޾ʬԼλԼ嵱УҲ֪˿µʬꡣ
һаںڰţǺӰ³һĹ죬Ȼʬ֮Ժ֮˶ԣȷ̫ˡ
һЩʱ̣ɽеĿʬ֮ȫӿ˺֮ʱƺҲˣ޷ˣŲһ磬Ӱ׵ûڰУʧӰΣ׵ںڰУͷ·ûгֹһ

峿˼֣һůҶɳɳ졣
ֺκ̧ͷɫжһƵǵɫ죬ַˡ
С㻹ûô죿κɵһ֮Ѹ£ҲЯƵǰʳӭף˶Ѿ׼ãǰгǵַ㣬ȴδ顣
ֺüͷ΢΢ţӶƽǻʹǱߣƽûа㲨ֺһ˿ͬѰζϲ֮ˣӦƽġ
¼ɣַϻġ鴩һϲĳȹżλõϣҲʩһƷ죬֮ȡ
ûлɣҺҶҲַˡ
κɻعϵĲЦݣҡͷ̾ϢȻԼĶӺ㣬ֺγи֮ˣλӣ˵⵱ŶҲ޵ĵط
ֺȥ׼ɡκɶֺ˵ֺ˵ͷȻˣȥʹӭװɡ
ʹȻƽȻյĻʳԵü֣¥ջмȺС֮У߶Ӱ˼ͨʹĴΪȫӰĿⲻϵĳ˼ֵķţ·ڴʲô
գַӣѩȹھַ㣬Ϊ˾ϯλҪڽӭȢѩ¹ҶסǱؾ֮
ַѩ´ȹھϯλ˾ֽҪӭȢĹ£֮ѩ±ؽַ¡·˽ַ㣬ĽĶϣгһҲַܺһһС߳СɱΪѩ¹ҫ۵š
ҪַԼ˾ѩǿƺڵ⸸ĸΪĴ֮һټĿֲ츳ѩ£Ѿˣû˱ҫۣٹ꣬ʵҲǶܹѹƵס
˻Ӧ˵ڴʱھ¥УһƷű֮ƣ⻰ɵòԵô˵ѩ»ʹˣݵַ𣡡
һ򵥵ĻǼ̸֮Ŀ΢΢һͣһ仰ͻȻʵ˼УΪûǣݵһҫ۵ַ


0716 ֵ
зѩ¹ϿգһƬķƲ֣ѩ¹С
ʳ֮УȺ̧ͷƬܲƣ΢΢һ߶ʧȥ˻޾
ңƮķ磬ƺһ֮Ⱥϣ˸оһ˿⡣
ùŹֵȺ̧ͷ죬ҡͷַôáȻѡһ顣
ʱӭ׵ĶƺƵģƺδǰгǵ˶ˣǰ޿̤ڵ֮Ϸ¡¡죬Ⱥ׷ױܿڴԹۿַĴ֮գѩ˾ộǣΪûпַӰ
Ů˭Ⱥ֮ϲɫȹӰ֮ʱȫס
̫ˣʥӵգ·ʳ˼̻Ȼ˿̵ȴ˳װŴϲɫȹҪϷ˵ӡ
Ůǿ֮ʱĿҲ޷뿪ͷþ޷ƽϼױ·ҪؼľɫʧȥķŮӣӦڳȴҪ뷲
ܹȢΪޣڵڶȥҲ˻Ը⡣
ǴַŮ˰ɣȹҪַΪ˾Ҳ֪ˡȺипź嫵̴ǰľǵȴʼû뿪ǵա
˿еӣ㾡зϹǳǳЦݣһĨױ
̧ͷһɫͣƬ̣漴Цˣ̫֮أѾַӣ޻ڣ
Ⱥӭ׵Ķ飬ǵƶ̤ŽŲһ֤ѩ˾飬Ȼַȴʼδ˶ɻַ㲻δ顣
ʹôľ˸оЩѹ֡
գûʹһغ嫵Ӱ֣ż
ʳǴ֮ص֮أ˻ʹ֮޼֮⣬һˣȺûС
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䡢¡
أ΢΢ǿҵĲ֮⣬·΢΢Զĵ棬ƵĽŲĴݶƻʹ֮㳡ļž
Ȼƺ޷ʹȺӣǻʹ֮صֻǵıһԶ漴ָæµԼλ֮ϣͺûпԶȺһ
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𶯵ԽԽңԶƺƵĶ鵱УʯԳ̤ǰ׶ߵľ޴Ǳһÿһ̤ôǿµԽκ˼̤÷顣
ʯԳĺ棬Ƶӭ׶ʮ׿׳ңӭ׶еԼ棬ҲȫǸŶȺ׼һ֤
Ȼ￴ʹ֮κϲ֮ﶼû֮ʱЩı仯ķ紵ϣǸо䣬·ʲôҪ㡣
ǰһĻ̫ˣգǹ֮գƵӭ׶֮ʱʹȴûаķӦûӭӣû֪㣬ûпκŴϲ켪֮
ӭ֮˵ȻҲһĻȻʯԳĽŲȶһ̤̤ŵ棬ŵ棬ǿĶ鶼ֻǰĸţûں쳣û˶˵һ仰
ȫ̤㳡֮ʱڣʹУƺһ˿Ǻ¡У·һƿյ촫ݶ
ܿ죬ʹУһкƺƵӰ֣лʹеˣˡ
Щһѩۣ䲻յԼĸһϵķΣݵѩ¹ľ֮ѩˣȫ侳ǿߡ
ѩȺǿĶȺĿⶼ΢΢һַ𣬰˴徵ǿѩҲѾܣѩ¹ˣ֪ڻʹһǿµ
ǣǰӭ׵ĶУΪλѩѩǿһɰ
ʹſڻʹ֮˿ȫڵϣͷһ仰˵
֮УһӰ̤˳һӰˣˣѩۣǵѩȴЩһϸ֣ᷢղųֵȺѩֳɾŴУÿһжΪ֮ˣӡɫµѩۡ
˿̣߳Ӱȴӡнɫµѩۡ
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꣬ɫԵ¶͸һǿ߰
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ʯԳĽŲص̤ڵ֮ϣʱѿһķ϶ʯԳĽŲҲͣӭ׶Уȫͣ
ݡݡݡһ˸𣬽ŲƮϵĴֻǺ嫵Ĺ㳡棬ͻȻ䲻ӿӰ޾ӰɫͬεˣҲͳһʿ֮ˡ
֮Ⱥ˳ֱ֮ӽӭ׵ĶŵΧס嫵Ĺ㳡С
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ȺҲһΧм䣬ǵȫ⵽Ƿʲôգַ֮գǰʹ׵Ϊλӭ׵Ķʹʱ򣬾ȻŵΧЩһĿⲻƣ͸֮
ѩ¹Ҫַ֣
Ⱥ΢΢£ӭףҶַ㣿
ЦǸЦѩ̫Ӷ޵ַѹƣַΪ˾ϯλƽƽʹ


0717 ս
飬ΨҶԼƽƽɽ۹ʹǰѩܴ֮Ӧ
ԣѸ£Ҷַ㣬Ҫ֮˵棬Ҫַ֮ˣ֪֮ɷ
ȻȺȵǣӭ׵ĶУȫް㷴ӦͺѾԤϵΪκɵϣûκεľ֮ɫ
κûУҲûУˣȣֻǰͷԼϵϢս׼
ÿµһ֧顣ȺһȻЩΧס޹֮˱ȫ޹ϵǣֻǹ͡ڣַӭȢҶûԤϵᷢǰһĻ
ʱһ֧֧ȫָǣ·ʱ
޹֮ˣȫһԵĮӶ޵³ʱȺ׷˸ȫҵӱܿȻԶۿ
ңҪӭ׵ǿ鶯
ǰʱ䣬ַЯƺڣ֮Լţ񣬻ңѵҪƺڡ˼֣
ƺں˼ʵҲǷǳĿ£ҲҲô򵥰ɣҲ̫Ӷ޵Яѩ֮ȫ
κɽŲ߳޵ĮʵҳҪҶַ㣬ȴ˴ļıǽҵںεأֽҶںεأ
κзŭŭ޳ܣŭҸҶһ£ͺõĹߡ
ԹųܿܣһȺں֮ڣҲһᲢۣ£һԸѡ
޵͸ŰԵ֮⣬³һƾ𣬶ʱӭ֮ΧסȺȫ˹ңһ΢졣
𣡡ʯԳŭһĴţŲ̤ŴأضɽҡҲ쾦߾޴Щּ֮䶯ȥٶȼĿ졣
ţ޵ƻ£̼䣬޾ļʸգӭ׵Ķɱȥ
ˡˡˡطĲӴʯԳʸһȥĿ죬Щʸϣ˿
ֻǼĿԽʯԳӴЩ˵ǰŲصһ̤ʱҽЩżľʿֱӱ̤
𡭡Դ޴ſʯԳһֲХ֮Զ˶˳ȥЩʿֱѪ
ӴҲ䶯Щ˵ǰּʸ֮Ǿ޴һɨΧȺֱӱβһڿµĶ³ܻ֮
ӭ׵ĶУ⼸ּʸ£˵࣬Щʿǿļʸɱǿ
Ȼ޵ȴޱ飬ƽĻ˻֣ʱѩ֮ˣͬʱͷųԼĿԪŲһ磬ѩȺӭ׵ĶɱȥͬʱȺĺ棬ӿֳǿߣ˸ӭ׶ǰֱӿʼɱЩ˵ʵһȫǿߣܿ¡
ЩðǿߣȺ΢΢һЩʹõ似ǳֱɱˣƺ֮ͨˣɱֻб¾ķݡ
ȥԸǼͷɡ޵³һӰʱλѩ˧ͳӰͬʱ˸ȥǼͷޱȥ
λ˧ͳȫ侳߽ǿߣ侳Ͼ硣
ŴأձΪѩַ빫Ҷ֮գ˿ȴûаϲգΨɱ¾ˣȫɱһš
ַ㾹Ȼδ֣һƺں˼֣Ҫˡ
Ⱥǰս֣ѹƣһ̫侳ǿߣѩǿ֧֮ѩȫսˣƺں˼֣ȫѹƣ˲ϡ
˻ʣǲǸóˣκĿⶢŶ޵ٶĮʵ
ԸǣҪ޵ĮĻӦһһɿµϢŶԵ񣬻͸żַϢ
ַһսɡ޵ȼս⣬һαַܣһҪϷˣ衣
ܾ֮㲻Сս
ߣĴŵУ˻ʵһʱѹʮ꣬˻ʲ֣ңҲܻǣǣΪš
޵͸һɿµϢЩսȺȵȫ¡
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޵ŭһֻ֮ţ֣
£յУֻ֮Ÿǣģ޵һֱ֣ʹֻ֮ţҪѹӡκɣϴˢհַܸĳ裬죬Ҫֻ
𡭡ŭ֮ڲκͬٻԼ꣬ͬѪ꣬꣡
ͷи¡
ȻһҪѹˣȫҪ޵ŭȣֻ֮ţ⣡
һ䣬ֻ֮Ż˵˲ѹκɡ
ͷŭֱӺ˰ֻ֮ϣ¡¡죬ֻ֮żѹŰͷޣ·ҪǴԭΣһӡ
޵һµİԵ֮ĳκѹȹȥ߰Ե
Եȭŭһ죬µȭͷκɺɱȥ·Ҫκ˺ѡ
κƷɣʵ裬Ʈλã·ˮȴ಻ǰԵȭ޷ͻ
嫻ɱ޵ŭֲХ֮ȺĶĤ޾İԵ¡¡κɣޱǿԵ
޵ĹͨǰԵޱȣ־죬ǿ󲻿һĿһУ


0718 Թ
޵ÿ¡Ⱥ޵ͷ𾪣侳صΪټϷӡ֮Լµ񹬹Ե޿ƥС
Ȼѩȵ̨֮ϣõһľȻǶ޵ǣַ㣬ôַʵжǿ
УַΪλ
˼ƣ˼˼ƣκƻãӡƮɣ·ҪƵУ˼־ҪԷĿֲԵڻ
ǰԵԽԽֱΣ˼֮⣬ڿա
ߡ޵һŲٶǰŭһԵȭ
£¡¡촫޾ȭɱǿֲ罫κ˶ɱ
°Եȭͷ֮󣬶޵δݣٿһֲķӡ־·Ҫκɷ
ᣬ𣡡ޱȾ޴ѹȶ£·һڵķĹκѹȹȥҪκУ¡¡ĿҪһжѹͨ似У͸һ־·κɵ嶼סҪᡣ
κɸоǹɿµ֮·˶ҪϢеķӡ֮ڲҪһɱĿ¡
ڴʱһɿµϢͻأţϢ޿ײ룬һС
ֻκɵһӰŲȥ̼䣬һɿµ־ţ͸һУҪκֱӴƣɢΡ
޵ɫһ䣬漴һɿµѹϣˣ˲صԭأٿ֮ˣͫײɵһ
侳ֺɣ޵ĮӶκԵӡ
ǡֺĻӦһȺȫһֺĴ֮һֺȻͻ侳䡣
ֺԶʹһƮҽӡʳǣû뵽㾹Ȼе䣬Σ䣬ҲٷһΡ
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ٸһЩʱ䣬κɣҲܳ䡣
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סڡ˻˳ŭ⣬Ⱥͷһˡõѡԭʮǰ֮¾˵ۣģֻǴԶѡ
߳ŭ𣬿ô꣬Ҳˣû뵽ôˣǶѽ֮·£գȴҪ޳һءֺһ
˻ɫ䣬Ų̤նУĿ⸩ֺˣĮ
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£˻ʵѹȶ£Եµķӡȫš
ֺŲһ̤棬ڿգϢŶ˻ѹȹȥɿµ쫷ڿײڡ
⣡˻ŭһһɿµıյײֺ˲Ϣ˽ӲУǹɿµķӡ־ס˵壬վ̫
κɳĬڿնɱͬŶ˻š
˻ʵֻɨһۣȵѾѡһأڤ粻飬ôһɡ
ޱ߰ԵϢѹȣһޱȾ޴Ļ״ⲨֺԼκɵֱӺֺκɣ𺳶Ե˵ֱӺص棬ԵڵϣǶˣǶ˻ʵĶ֡
ݡݡԶһĽֱֱ˻ʣղŻңԶ֮أֻ˲Ϣͽٶ˻ʵǰ
Ҳһȥɡ˻ŭһֲ£µĽ̼ɢεУʱ罣ӰҲһ£ֺԼκɵߡ
ȿȣֺԳһѪˣЦαء
˷ɢô꣬Ҳüһˡ̾˿͸ǹ֮⣬ȻǵĲɣЦݣȴ롣
ãܺã飬ҲûиᣬǶҪԣô죬һȥɡ
˻Ŀ⸩·ˣܷŭõѣվĶ棬ѵ̹Ȼ
ڣɱԵˣȥ
ֺ˻һۣ漴Цˡ
飬κɣ㲻Ұɡ
ҪĻұ㲻ᱣˡҡҡͷκɣһĨЦôĲãеǷ
û뵽ҪһСκվعͷ飺飬һҪȻ뿪ˣѩ°ɡ
ֺ·κɵ˼Ҳվ־
ҲҪңֻϧôˣڣֺκɷĲµģ໹ַ顣
ãҳȫǡ˻͸ſµɱ⣬Ŀ⺮һɻϢڿռѹȺ޷Ϣ
ĴţѵҪ˵˽Թ


0719 
֮ϣ˻ɱ¶ԵĮ
·Ӱλֵܣ빲Ȼֱ˾塣
˵½Ϊǿϣվ֮ͬģһƶǶԶ˻΢Щģԭյžǿֵһõı˽죬񣬻Ҫɱһֵˡ
ٹֺˣǵ飬𾴣ǵ壬˶ݡ
һģҡ
ǹɻѹԽԽǿ󣬶˻ϵɱԽԽ·ˣͷŶ˻ʣ𣬺η
𡭡һµŭ֮ضѿֻʯԳӴͬҲһ⣬Ŷ˻ʳȥһɽ
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ɱ
ֺ˵ŭ֮³Լ齣޵ķӡ޷֮
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ֺȻͻǷӡ֮ŵѹ˻ʣȻԵǶ˻ʿµĹκԼһ屻ѹȥѪӿݺݵıص档
ɡǶȥɡ˻ϵɱôѾվȻ˿ԶһԶԶĴݶ
Ҫ
ӻʹķȺǱ߿ȥͼһųȹòŮӻʧɫźһ
ŮӣȻǹҶ
ֻҶͷϵķ˿ˣȴֻпֻţΪʲôΪʲô
첻ΪʲôĽ
ĳӭ׵ĶȥĿżعͷź濴һۣĸףĶ֣ʱǵȴ˵ĮȻоİܿ־塣
ġġҶɲţıܵ˵κɵߣֱ˵ڵأоˮ
ԲҲ֪Ҳ֪ģҶκɼǶѪеֲǿҵΡ
κϴһ˿ЦݣҶԴĵɵӣôأⲻ顣
ǣΪҡҶô𣬻عͷԶľͶӣ˻ΪʲôΪʲôҪƭҡ
ͶĶû˵ֻǳĬĿŶҶƬ̣Ĳ³һ㲻ġ
ǣҲҵõϢ֮ٺ𡣡ҶǼٵģԭһжǼٵģ磬ҩ˸㣬ֻֻᣬǰҲţֻˣһֱַ㣬㵽Ҫʲô
ŶҶ˻ԶȺȫ̾Ϣԭһжıھ֮ң壬ȫǶթ
ֻǿⵥĹֻΪıƷ
û˻شҶĻĻֻƮȻɢȥɢȺֻ㲶
վҶκɵ˵ǰ̧ͷŶ˻ʵҪɱɱҰɡ
˻ʿŶҶںںֻԼĴ˶޵κֺǵںҪʤҶ
Ȼ˻ȰһҺôҲ常ɱ㣬ÿɡ
ҲÿģҪɱɱҡҶǣҧ촽Ů˿̵Ŀȴôļᶨ
Ҷȥ¡κɺһ⺢ӣ̫ɵˡ
ҶֻǲϵҡͷãôÿЩΪţҲһ
Ҿͳȫ㡣˻Į˵ɱ⽵١
ͶĶĬֻǾĿһзҶֻƷ
һ漴ȺУһӰ˸յУԪƲ㣬ڴ˵˫ϥ֮ϣһŹ١
һɹɱ֮зӶŶ˻ʻȥ·޾ɱ֮⣬Ŷ˻š
Ȼ˸ɱ˻ʣȺĿⶼ΢΢һһӣƽֻ˫ָ١ңĿ⿴δ˻ʺȺһۡ
һġ˻Ŀ˵ҶȴǽӲǣˣ૵ĺʦ
ԭ⸧ٵӣȻƽһƽ
̧ͷƽ˶Ҷһۣ¶һĨЦ⡣
ʦοءҶĿˮ䣬ƽʦǶ˻ʵĶ֣˻˵һֻġ
Ҷƽһֻӣ㡢Ļʰѩһַ㣬ҽ̳һӣĺԼãҪԼãƫƫһӣҲǰӵӣƽλܲվ
ƽɸ٣Ҳ޾ɱ֮Ŷ˻ͷŶȥ˺˻ʷֺ
ҵڵУΪϲѩҲǴΨĻģʵǰַ㣬ûаѩô츳ףѪ⣬һУӣҲ޺ˣڶģҰ࣬ȴǣһҲɡ
ƽ£ЯɱŶ˻ʳɱȥ޾ɱ֮ٷ·Լ嶼С
˻һһɿֲ־ǧɱȫ񣬱ӡ־赲ǣ漴Ϳ˻ʽŲһ磬ŭһµɱ֮תƽ͸ȥ̼䣬ƽ޾ɱ֮бҲڴ˿Ȼֹ
һҶϡ
ʦʦڿɢҶ૵³һˣ֮ѩ˺֮ˡ


0720 ѩ
໡ʯԳվ˫죬˫ȷ̤ŵ档
˶ĿĶеӰ·⡣
޴ͷ­תʯԳҶֺԼκɵˣ˶¶˸κɵ΢΢һ
С㡭૵һκɴʯԳУַ԰ôˣʯԳǱСƵģҲһУַ㶼֪
ҪκɶʯԳҡͷȻʯԳֻǻת˶Դһ漴ɽա
ǺӲȻ˻һһĴֱӺʯԳϣӴֺݺݵԵϣֱҳ޴ĿӶ
ʯԳ֮쾦߻䶯ţʱҲʯԳһڿն𣬺η
ţ˻ü޴ӡĴĵ໽һ
ޣҲʱ𣿡ǰһͷͷȥֵĹȥ·ڿסһ
ʱ䣿ȺһΪʲôʱ䣿
ѵǣַ㣬Ҫˣ
ûַܿҪŻЩ޷ȥס˻ʡ
𣬶׼ȥɡ˻ҡҡͷĿһ˿֮⣬ϵĿɱ⣬Ҫض֣ҪЩˣȫ
ס֡ʱһĴȺĿתͿϲĸ߽֮ϣϲɫĳȹʥӣվ
Ų黺ϲƮƮȹڵϣǰţϣһɱ˪Ϣͷš
ߵκҶߣϣ¶һ˿ǳǳЦݣΨʥӣڴʱ˿̻Ц˵
κɲϵҡͷ૵ţҪ飬뿪
ЦݣõЦҪߵҪ㾡ķҡҡͷĸףô뿪أǣַҪˣĸӣ뿪ˣַҵġ
飬ӦףСصģ㡣κȰϣǿ뿪ġ
Ҹ뿪ˣˣַܳΪַӣѾˣ޻ڣٲǳǳЦݣ˵꣬ŽŲųȹĳǰţһǰţܻռ䣬һ⡢֮⡣
ԽԽɪһ΢紵öǳϲɫȹƮȻ˿̣λõıӰȴֻвɣ
أԽԽ䣬յУƮһѩ
׵ѩڿеƮ䣬ԽԽŨֻǶݵ˲䣬ȺϾͶһѩһ⣬Ⱥ嶼΢΢Щ䣬ءͻȻ
ȻȺɶʥӰһ̤ƮѩݣյеӰ
ϲɫĳȹ˿ҲմȾϵɫѩȹӿд£һֱӵ֮ϣ׵ѩĽȹǣܿ죬ʥӰ·ѩӡ
飡һյӰκɵУ΢΢ЩʪĶַ㣬ܵӶȹҲ޺
ţ˻ü飬Ů̫ʤѩµһŮκɣֺӣεºܣ˸֣ö˻Խӵķŭ
ңŮӵϢƺڷ
׵ѩɫȫǣͷȾѩףˣѩӣŲգضҪ֣޾ѩ·Ҫض⡣
侳ءءأ
侳ء
ͻƣ䡭
Ⱥһ𾪵ĿǰһĻǽյʥӣͷţΪ·ϵֱͻƵ֮Ͷ˻һ䡣
䡢Ȼ䣡˶ˣʥӣ˿ƬضƮѩΪȻ䣬ңɺͻֺҪǿܶ࣬˻൱
̫̫λˣš
˻ҲˣĿⶢ飬⣬Ȼûϵֺ⣬ǿߣַӡ
ɱ˻ŭһ¶ԵϢŶΣһҪɱ
Եȭ¡¡ǿµȭ⴩͸һУɱȥ֮޵İԵȭ֪ǿ١
ѩĻ۵һ飬һƬƬѩ޾ĺµѩ֮УԵȭֱӱסֲȭ⣬÷顣
˻¶һĨɫֹܿƽŲһ磬峯ȥһɷӡ־ʼŶ·Ҫ嶼ӡ
ѩƮƮѩӽٳҪ˼һɫɫѩ趯ѩ֮־壬趯·ųӰǷӡ־Ҳ޷׽
ɱһ³һɺµѩ֮־Ŷ˻ʽɱȥǱ̹ǵѩ·˻ʵ嶼Ҫסĸо·ڽĽӲ
ƮѩҪһС
ѩ־֮£ܾսԽǾս˻ʲ
𡣡˻ʰԵĽѩһɿµķӡ֮ͷţؼ䣬ְȷӡ֮ţͬǰȣȻķӡ֮͸ŵķӡ֮ǿҲ嫡
⣡˻ŭһ¶ķӡ֮ŽһƬضӡס˵⻪ȥ
ѩзһͳ죬ѩƮ˼Ʈ䣬˲丽һ㴿׵ѩӡ֮źɱ¡죬ȻӰȴӰ١
ɱ޾ѩ˻ʣһƬѩУ̽һ֧ϸƣſµĺ⳯Ŷ˻ʺȥ
˻һԵ³ֻƺȥȻµŵһ̣ϸȴȻĻѩУʧڶ˻ʵһɿµı⺮Ŷ
ʱȺ򿴵˻ΧѾƬѩǣȫǰѩЩѩУ·ѩһ
䣡һɿµĺ⽵ڶ˻ϣö˻ʵһͬʱҲȺһ
ַ֮ޣʥӣʵȶ˻ʻҪǿ


0721 ѩ
ƺ˸оλá˼飬ѩӣǿѩǿĶ˻ʡ
⼫һӡڶ˻ʵϣ˲佫˻ʵ嶼һ㺮ѩҪס
˻ʷŭһޱȰԵ֮Ҫռ䶼˺ѵΧĿռţȻȴ΢΢һµĺ֮˻ڣ˻ʵֱ˼ס
ȿȣ
˻һ£ɻһѩղǿµĺ壬·Ҫ˶ס
ѩɲͣƮ䣬ڲ֪УȺ֣ϣѾһѩ֮ɫ
ˣʱȺϣҲѩ
䡣һ˴˸΢΢һֱеս˴˿̵ôĺ䣬嶼ЩӲˡ
ܵѩƮøֻĽŲ·ҪһƬѩУһֱ̳֣ӳ˶˻ʵǰ
ûаԵޱߵֻбѩصĺ
һɱ˻ŭһĻ£ڻʹУͻȻкüɿµϢųһ˲Ϣߡ
ϵϢһȻض˻Ҫ
䡣ȺĿ⽩ӲЩˣ侳ǿڡ
飬Ҫˡ
Щ侳ǿߣͷſµϢȫ̤ȥ
˻ʣ޳ܡκŭһĿ졣
ߡ޵һһκɵ˶ȥǣȫҪ
һ̾Ϣ漴κɵǰһӰͷ׷֮˽Ųһ磬ֱ޵¡ײ֮׷߱˵κɵߡ
κɿ΢΢һ΢΢ſڣ³һܾδ
ף
ɽĻعͷκһЦϵ֮Ϲ˲ɣ֮⡣
СɣٽҸˣ£ҲҴˣ˻ʣ䲻㡣ɽ̾һξǿˣվŮκɡ
ף߰ɣ޹ءκҲһ˿Ц׶ϴѵܼǺԼһѪŨˮס
ϹͷŮԼǰ𣿡ɽҡ˿ЦκɣҲֻοЦ
Իȫǡ޵ŲԵȭɱֱӶɽ֡
ʱյУλ侳ǿΧһˣǺѩ·ѹƵһ䵱УǿߣֱǶ˻ʡ̫աīʦ쪣һλǿߡ
ŮˣҪˡǿ߿ڣʱ˶׷׵ͷ˶Է˼˻ͷŷӡ־ȷӡ֮Žضȫѩ
ʥӵŮǱѩȾɫĳȹϵıŵıֻĮ
̧ͷ¶һ˿ЦЦԺУ·ָǵӰ
ëıѩ£ȺϵʱȺֻо屻ס䡢ˡ
κɵ΢΢һ̧ͷѩӰĿ˸ţһᣬĵ䡣
飡
һŭХ֮ؼȫ޾ĺʥѩɫĳƮΧסλǿɫǴ䣬䣬ÿ¡
ı󣬳һͷ޵Ӱޣѩɫë鶯˫ƺȴȺࡣ
Ǻ𣿡Ⱥޣ૵һ
ǿĿһԭˣʥɵŮˣȻѩкɣѩ硣
û뵽ѩ¹ȻһҪץס
ɱŭһ峹׵ѩУʧһֱ̳Ӿͳڶ˻ʵǰͺѩһӰ١
ѩ磬ˡѩɡ
˻Ҫˣ˱ܲµĺֱϮ壬һ죬ٶȱ˳ȥѩǡ
ܺãѩ綼ˡ
һޱȵϢӻʹгֻ֣һӰԡڿµĻУǿޱȣȺĶݺݵ£վǣǹɻҪ룬£̫ˡ
ѩ磬Σ̺һʥ֮û뵽Ȼѩ¹ˡ
ǿ߽Ųһ磬޴ֱӳ¿ĴһµӡŻյУ£һƬնס
ΧסļѾˣѩУȻµӡѾƬռ䶼֣¡ľ޴ֱӱУֱӺ档
𡭡Χ޷ŭӵųȹʥ͸ѪǣǵӰںϣѩ籾̧ͷ˫ѩô
飡
顭Ҷκɵ˿Ż޵飬жһεᡣ
𡭡ٶ죬ȻӭģǿµĻ齿СٶȺص棬ݺݵصףѩ׵ëϣȾһ˿˿޵ĺ졣
ʱѩϣӰӰӣûг׵ɢȴ·ʱʧһ
ѩ磬ѩ²ӵ㣬Ҵȥ壬ָǺƵǿ߸ŵϲ飬ĿڵȻô䣬ȫǺ⡣
õӰƮ׼յС
ҪԶһôϤҲΪ֮һ޵徹Ȼ΢΢·ܺ£ܿ־塣
ˡˡؼһƬµ쫷磬ңԶ֮أƷƮȺתȥݺݵĲ¡
ֻһͷӴ󵽲˼޴ƵӰ·һǱһ
ǳǱ֮ǰһӰ졢쵽˼飬Ӱȫǿ־͵֮ɫбĮ
ַ㣬ˣ


0722 ħ
ӴޣȺǱգƬضУȫİסϣȻܹ֮ڣ̫ˡ
ˡˡɣЩǿҲͷ𺳵ޣȻϹ
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ַû޵ʱУֻõӰ
ءһʵ촫˫ɵַ㣬ѩУֵεˮ漴תԶȥ·𲻸ҿַ㡣
飡ַѩ彩ӲԴת
顣ַһֱӿԽߣȴӲ
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ַ㡣һƮַĶУ·ַĶҪ˵飬˵
Բַ㣬һֱ㣬ʵõӰӵУ·ˮǣ漴ĶַĻУȻõģԸַĻС
֪һֱַ֪ĶҪ飬ͨЩƵޣܹܵ߷һУȻȴΪ鱻侳ǿΧ֮
ַ֪֪һʥӵŮӣôܾסںڷңûκ޸ַ
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ֵ֮£һƺַ壬ȴ·оΨСĺ
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˺ڡ䣬ʱַϣ͸һɿµĺ֮
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Ⱥһַϵĺڣħĺڡ
ַ㻳еѩ·Ǹܵʲô΢΢£һ̧֮ͷ˫鶯ַ㣬ѩ׵Դҡš
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ĸѩ׵ëַ京ЦǹɺɫȾȫĲĺڣȫ£ȫǺɫħĺڡ
ֲӣΨĻôůΨѩЦ
ȥɱյУǿһʱ޵Ųַ̤Ͽգ͸ǿϢ
ַ㣬һΣС޵˵ȻַûĻһĿɿŻеѩ׺
ΪңԸΪٲ޻ڡ
Ϊ㣬ҲԸħ죬Ϊۻ
ַ³һһħϢȺĺݺݵš
ɫ׵ĺɫַ壬ħ֮ħ𣬱ɺɫħۣźХԷ趯
ĸףչ˺顣ַ㽫еѩ绺ĵݸκɣŴ˿̵ַ㣬оôİЦݸɾصĶӣΪδ˿ϵϢô䣬˵ꡣ
С㡣૵һκ֣ѩӵ뻳Уѩ΢΢£ӿַ㣬мֲᡣ
鱻κɱţַ¶һĨЦ漴Դ̧Уһµħֱ˫ħͫ׶Ŷ޵ö޵ݺݵĲ£ĲͲ


0723 ǿ߼ս
ֵô䣬ʱַ㻺վѾ׻ɫڿգɫĳƮ£ȫħ֮˵Ĺ衢˵ꡣ
޵ַϿգȻַڿ֮ʱˣԶȥʱȻоһĨ־塣
ַڵӵɨ˶޵һۣô䡢ôӣö޵΢һҧҧֻоŶڱݻ٣Ҫɱַ㣬һϴǰܣȻڴ˿̣Ȼ֪ˡ
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ÿ¡ַ·ħȺĸŲ̫ˣ㿡ݵ꣬˿Ҫħ壬ôĺڣϢô䡣
Щ侳ǿ߶ˣĿⶢַ㣬һҪħ𣬵ΣھԵǰħҲûãɱ
ַ㡢һҪ
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ס֡һŭȣŶֲ׵֮ţ·ƶҪƿǳǿ
ַ̧ͷĮĿ⵭Ƴçһۣûκεĸ顣
Ϊˡѣ࣬ԶΪΪ֮£ַ㣬УѪС
çĳ֣ԶҲмӰ˸ǳǿ侳ǿߣǶַܣַ㣬Щˣ񹬵ˡ
Ⱥ΢΢£Ȼǿڰбַ㣬Ǹղţȴδ֡
Ʒˣҽѩ»ַǺڰӿӴ³һȺĸһַ㣬Ҫѩ»
ƷĬĵ˵ͷޱ߾޴εõϵȺ޷վȣֱ̤ʹУ漴Ⱥ㿴Ӵڽ䣬ֱӽѹ壬¡ĳ졣
ط·ڱڣûŭХ֮Ҳ޷˻ֻ֮гƵŰţһɳŵɱŭ֮ǳĬΨɱ⡣
ڻʳŰɱ޾ķŭǴ˿ֻ뵽ɱҪɵѩ»ҳ׵
Ǻ嫵Ĺ㳡Уҵɫˣ÷ǳѿ˿̣ʹľѩȫ棬иǿҲڣʹʣĵֿȻɺǿҪֵסŭļ̤²ܡ
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ǿҲʼˣײһһʱضɫԵϢڷŭХ
ʱ޵ɫ䣬񹬣֪Ҫɱַ㣬Ȼôǿ߸ˡ
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վڵϣĸѩ¾վһ𣬿һУ¶һĨЦ⡢Цúܹ졣
ܳôǿߣȻ֪ͨģ
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ʱѩǿӰٶȶ׼ɱκɵӭ׵Ķ顣
Ȼܿ죬ǱоһϢ⽵ǵϣַԼ˫֣˫ֵУ˿˿ڰ棬Ļ
Ųһ磬ʱַӰʧյУһ̳֮ʱһϴ͸ʱ˽ĻãֱΪޣ״֮ңͷ
ĬַǳĬŵĳĬÿһڻɥܿ죬ѩǿ߾Ŀע£ǵ˧ͳŴͳ죬ַɱɾǺڰֻҪ˭˭
ҵľںˣǺľʿ嶼ɪɪַվǰһ¾ţħһڵӣڵ壬ħһɱһˡ
ǰеˣַħĳӰͣ˫ԽԽõĻ棬ǰӰ
ȥɡַ㵭³һӰ˫һţʱеĻǰţųĿڰ֮⣬ͬʱһɿԵĻ־ҲͷŻĹԣЩʳǾʿϣȫ˻棬޷Ļ档
ҽ֮ڿлصЩҵˣһڻбȫɱ
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˫ħͫսȺͷ·ڶһ
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壬͵͵Ϯɱ֮ˣ̫޳𣿡
ç׵ȺĶĤ
ַ㣬ƺ㲻֮˰ɣɱ񹬺θɡһĮǿ³ӦçĻ
޵ǸţֵǺúַ㣬̤ؾзǳӰ죬ԣȳնɱ
áܺãǾ;սɡçŭһؼȫǿµ׵֮⣬ԽսԽߣܿ죬Ⱥֻ֮ż׵£ԽԽңԶǿ˺çս̫ңﶼ޷ʩչ
սɣսɣսգĩաĵЦԽԽа˿ûĶŵϢ͸żŤа
ַ㣬ô䣬ħͫ׾ĿһеķȻȥ񹬵ˣԼġ
һУΪ


0724 
Ⱥ˿̸о棬ǱΪ˾ַ飬ǿģȴ侳ǿߵս侳ǿڣǰǴûмһɫ䣬ǹ־ֻܶ
ʹУżĹɱ֮ô𺳣Я̤ʹȥɱˣⳡսʤ½ѩµδ
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Ʒ̤ھϣ⼸΢΢һǿ侳ǿߣʹôô䡣
Щ侳ǿߣӺζ
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ֻƬ̣һӰ̤˻ʹеսǵ϶¶һĨЦ⣬Ųһ磬ǵͬʱµϢȺǺݺݵĲ£䣬һˣȫǿߡ
ˣѩ£ķˣôôǿߣ
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ǺǣΣַѾע񹬱ˣǲߣҶ档۵ǿ˵ֿˣҲһ뷨ɡ
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֮һɫѿҪַ
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֮ϣκɵ˵Ҳ͸žգӶ𣬾ȻôҪַ
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ŶϵЦ⣬ȺĶһӶģԸºͣĻܼ֮ⷢһУƺ벻˹ϵ
ַĿҲģħͫ׵ȫǴ̹ǵıģȻûв´һУǶġ
гǲҰܣ󽫾ĦԽĪԵꣻжҶҩ޵޵У񹬵ˡˡжȫڴˣһУͶѲ˹ϵ
֮ӣԸֻһӣ㲻Ϊ֮λҲΪǿģ᲻̫Ӷ޵Ҫ֤˿


0725 ħ
˻һͣǶǿߣü޵̫츳ףʵǿԶܱȵģ̳ѩ´ͳǶϷǶ޵׿ڷֵõģ۷̫ӡ
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𣡡һŭ֮漴ȺĵϿճһǣµĻǣһ
㾹ȻҷҳˣҪʬΡǿһȴĶЦĿһͣ·ʲô̧ͷһգɵһ
̫֮ա̫֮գ쵰ҪʲôǷĺ͸ſ־壬ǵĴųзӡסǿߵĻǡ
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У޵ֳԵΪ˻ĵ
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ллĦԽɽɱôˣ㹻ʬ֮Ķַ΢΢һЦ
Ҳڣַͫ׺ޱߣħϷ
뿪ұˣ̤֮ҵ飬ٶñЯ֮ڵҪЩЦŵַ㣬Ҳò츳û뵽ѩͻҴ磬ڣ㻹ҪļˣȫҪѩ磬ġ
Ҫ·ȺһǶҪڣ˭ܾǡ
塢̫塢˻ʡ޵޵īʦ𡣡ַǳĿɨǰһȺôİûзΨǿµĳš
ħΪħͷҲҪɱɾһһԶסǡַ㻯ڰĳ裬趯ֵؼ䣬һ亮ħ磬ַͷϿգħƷķͬγУȸղŶиӵĿֲӵķ
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ţȺһַУ˽
¡ؼ䷢죬Ƴ׵ķħƣһХַ֮ıϣڶھűһһ֣űɫĽ
䣡űڲŭХԲأգȫڰ֣ǾűͷŵĿħõϵȺſ˵ϣ룬򵹣ѹô·ǶҪѣϵÿһ׶ţҪѡ
ǺʱܻᱻħѹȵϢ
Щ侳ǿ߶ˣĶյУÿµħ侳ԶԶûܣħӵħԡӵűǾŸµħͷ


0726 նɱ˻
ħŽħԭַõˣ
ѩ¹˵һգŽӡѣħƷɫ䣬ѩµĻʳǶħϢ֣ȻܿħʧӰ٣û뵽ħȻַõˡ
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䡢䡢䡭˵촫ħֱӽӡ֮źѣмһ쵽˼飬ûܵκε˻ʡ
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΢΢һ࣬Ҫܿһ֮Ѫţһֱֱӱն
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ȥعͷ㿴ַĽŲһ磬ЯħƣֳħɱѾУֻнЩɱ
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ʱյУһӰ٣ȻǿߣǰһĻɫ΢΢һַ㣬ȻµħͷˣˣӣҺڵַײ


0727 µַ
Щܵˣַеħô䣬ħ޾ħĺХ
ɱһŭȣµħնȥնɱ֪Զؼ·һɫ蹵
һֵסǿŭһնµһռ䶼֣ȫڽУ޷ܵÿ
𣡡֮˵ϣһͷͷµĲӰŭ𣬳ͬʱһ˫˫צеħץȥ
͡͡ǴնɱµħһУҲҪնɱצȫնѵ޿赲
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ߡǿ߲һУ뿪ֻǶ˲Ͳ֪
ַзɱĹâеħڷķţתˣǵǿߺīʦ𡢻ж޵ˡ
áеǿ߽Ųһ磬˲˶޵ߣΣȴ޵ߣ޵Ҫؾţ޵ţ嶼ûмȶ޵ʺϽؾġ
ȻֳַħֱӳŶ޵ɱˣ̺־һֱӾնɱ
ҲߡǿŭһֲĻ֮Ŷ˫ϳһ޴Ļӡ
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ַĿһתŲֱӿīʦ׷ȥ޾ɱīʦ嶼ڲˣɫľ䣬ǰɱַ㣬û뵽ַûɱȴҪԼ
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ͬʱԶͷ޳߶ͷϷֱˣһһŮǰһĻ˵Ŀⶼһ
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ַ㣡ͬʱԭǺȻַҪɽ۹ľĪϧԼģǿģħַ㣡


0728 ܳħ
ַĿ⻺ת˾ĪϧģȻ˿̣˫ͫô䣬Ƕ޷ϳǵ㿡ݵꡣ
ַ˫ͫ׵Уȫħ⣬͹ɱ⡣
Ųһ磬ɱħֱַ֮һžĪϧĿȥ
ãַɱȺ·ΪĪϧĵģ˿ӦַѣӿɷһŮҲòǱַħһնɱˣǾ̫ϧˡ
ĪϧҲü˴˿ַжôΣգǹħֲ̫֮ˣ·Ҫѹϵѹţûͷš
Ŀ⽩ӲĿַ㣬ô׷ʲôַ㣬ôΪħͷȫħ⡣
ַԽԽǹħĮ֮ҲԽԽǿң·Ҫû
ַ㡣ĪϧһĺȻħѹƣͷŶǹɺȻֱַϣַ֣ûйеֻǺȻ
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Ҳһ˰ѺĿĶַ㣬ȵַ㣬һЩ
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ĪϧĵݺݵһַȻһȣħǵϣǵˡ
ħ֮˸ַȫĮɱϢ¿յȺҪϢ
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ַеħ⽥ɢЩŵħڲͣĲţħҪΪɱħͷҪħҲҪΪѵħȻĻôô̫ˡ𶫺壬ЩˣҪ
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飡ַ·˼֣ͬһ䣬ħҲͬᡣ
ӵŻеѩ磬ַĽŲһ磬ԶȥȻֱʧƬա
Ϲħƽɢڻָܿ죬ħıϢ׵ʧջָ֣ȻȺģȴþ޷ƽϢһս֪˶ˣʹʬҰгǵľӴŭ¾˻ʹռѩʥĵط
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Īϧ΢΢һ漴ҧһص۹ȥûƽ֮
˵գӰҲ뿪ѩҪɽ۹


0729 ־ս
նУĿ͸żּ֮ɫ
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ҧҧԺֻ˷ŵӣһôܳħǲĲң֪ж˻
˵Ǽǿģߣܹͻļޣ־ţܹסһС
Ƕ޶ԸˣҪģġԼ־ûм͵ĺǿ־ܳΪǿߡ
ֻҪַܹסģȫƾ־սʤħַ㿴ѩ磬˶һΪС굱ӡѩӰѩ磬Ӧþַӡˡ
ǹɿµħϢָ׷ַ㲢ѣȻ˿̵ַѾ֪ȥ˶Զľ룬ǹɿµħϢһ·ǣֻҪ˳ɿµħһܹҵַġ
岻ͣкХҲ֪Լ˶Զľ룬ǰһƬɽǾɽħϢɽУҲζַɽ
ûκεԥĵĽŲ˳ȥ׷ǹħҲɽ棬׷˺ܾãѾɽĵطɽüأȴûпκ޵Ӱӣַ֮ɱһеħϢţ޸ģȫܵˡ
ħ֮ԽԽŨˡĵĽŲŻĸܵħϢԽԽǿˣҲζţڣַԽԽˡ
ѪĳĳطȥЩѪһͷǿǱֱһɱģʬϻ͸Źħ˵Ҳ֪϶ַˡ
һͷ˲ǿޣû⣬ȫǱһɴնɱжǿڴ˿ħ״ַ̬ǰôܹѵ˶ˣֻҪһ͹ˡ
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ĸоĮħŨ˼֣彵ڵأ漴ĳǰȥ̫ˣڵַ״̬̫ȶˣ˵Ϳһ嶯ɱˣĻҲδ̫ԩˡ
ˡĵķ·𶼾Щţֹˮ
Զһµϣһ޴ʯͷȻһźɫħ۵Ӱ棬żɪ¶֮⣬ɪУ͸ŹĮϢħĮ֮˲ҿ
Ȼ⿴Įħȴ΢΢ţ˿˿ıһͷѩѩ磬Ŀ⿴Զ·ңԶļ䵱С
ѩ簲ַĻУħ·޷ŵϣֻů⣬żȻ䣬ᶯַĻ䶯š
ʱѩѩë޵Сצӣַץץ·Ҫץȥַ۽ǲĺۼСצӣǳᣬ·ŮڸԼİһ
ַܵצеᣬĿ⻺תѩ磬ħĮĿ⣬·ɢЩ˼֣¶һ˿ѵõ֮⡣
ѩ翴ַ۽ǵЦһصĵͳ죬˫ˮƯӵ͸˿˿Цݣ·ΪַЦԵ˷ܰ㡣
ַ㽫ѩӵסѩԴԼϣħĮɢЩ¶ѵõЦ
һԵĿϸ΢һĻʱоЩĿⶼ͸ż˿󣬵ʲôİ飬ܹ飬ħȥϵħ⡣
֣ȻͷƯѩޣмĽּʡ
Ĳַ֪ľȻҲ޷ܵħ飬ַǵʱӰ鿪ʼУ£һֱţֱûݸ飬޿ȡģ磬û˱ַദøá
飬ַеʱ̣ʱ̡įܵʱ̡ԻͳΪŵʱ̣飬Զǰߣħ黹ǲһеĻУֻҪһ𣬲벻޻ڽ
Ųĳַ㿿ĵĽŲܻᣬ·»ᾪַһ
ʱַȻתһĮħ֮âʹĵϣĽŲҲ΢΢һͣһҶ
ַ˫Уħ֮˸ţһɱ⣬ĵ嶼סҪϢ
ĵĶַ㣬ôַţĿþò뿪
ַ㣡
ĺһţ޷ַһ£ţַܹµɱ֡
ߡַ³һͳȻȴҡҡͷ
ַ߰ŭһ̹ǵɱȫĵϣұ֤Լʲôʱ᳹׵ĶħҲɱ
ҲߡҲַһĿޱȣַ㣬ԿסԼģȻܹѣζܹսʤǹħҪԼԵġ
㲻ܳħܻɱİˡѣһҪԼ
ļǺ˵ģҪַף־սʤһУֻҪַԸ⣬һԿƵס
ַ΢΢һ˸Ĺ⻪ңϵϢҲڲţܿħ־̫ˣѾڲͣʴ־ȥ᳹׵Ķħħ
ַ㣬㲻ܸԼУȻڿԣһԣĵ־ȥսʤĿԼĻƺһЩãַŭţֻҪַܹսʤħ־յʱ򣬽һɱ䣬־ɱ䣬Խҵɱ䡣
սʤħ𣿡ַ૵һ˫ȭգ죬ѩ緢ص죬΢΢£ץץ鶯ЦôĴã·ҪַĶڻ


0730 ѩ
˫鶯ַͺ񿴵һϵħ֮⾹·Щ΢΢ԴżѣȻϵϢǷǳ䡣
ļַûټԼҲ΢΢Щַ㲢սַӵһ͵ģֻҪţһܹսʤħޱǿħ
ûиҿַ̫ھַʮ֮λô
ַҲðһħһһֻǱͷѩ磬·Ψһ
ҹɫī֣һ»գ̫֮£¹ⶼ͸Įһ磬Եø䡣
ȻȴԲµ֮ϣַ̧ͷԲ£еѩҲһһ̧ͷյҵһ̣ͺǻصǵһμʱ㣬һҹַ鼫ĵ䣬Ϊ˱ƺڵȫˣϽͳ˵¹߽˺ڷĸأȻĵ͹ʱڣӰŮˣ顣
Բ£ҲͬɽУȻӣȴַĻУЩ쵰Ρ
뵽Щˣַָ˿µɱĮ֮⣬Ŀɱַ㲻Щ壬Ϊˡ
ѪҪħڻʹѪɺӣģȫ˺ѣһ޷ţǽҡ
һֻΪûдӦ붫ΪĴڣӰ쵽壬ԣЩҪɱߵˣǵУͲֻбɱķݡ
һεĽѵַħǣţ
ħзɱ֮ˣַ㲻ԶһŻڻԣżƻҳһ棬ڿҰ⣬ͬʱĻ滹ܴһ˿˿ů⡣
ַߣټϽ̫֮յԵʣĿɲôĺùΪȻоЩ䡣
ž촫һ֮ںҹţϵƮƬ֮󣬿⳹׵Ŀ죬Ľ⻮飬漴òһ޴Ŀ⣬ߵַߣ֮ݸַ㡣
ַ̧ͷһۣеʧЩ֣ӹĵݹĿ⣬˵ģ뿪ɣҲ֪ʲôʱƲסԼ˺㡣
ԭ㻹ϵҡֹһԹɨַһۣƺмԹ
ħʱʴҵ־ҵ־ֻʱռǿƣʱܱɣҲ˺㡣ַ̧ͷģ˿̵żѣôĮ
Ҳ뿪ģֱ㳹ȥħԣʱٸߣұߡĵ˵һмִţ漴Լλãǿ˺ҧƺڷйеĲ졣
˿̵ģ͸żŮԣ¹£Ȼַȴû
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ʱսʱҪ׵Ľѣ׵Ķħֻ˿Ϊħˣֻǧ֮ͬʱϥأͽʱܵҵָһĴڣҶħʼֵڵĽ֡
˵ҪǰһħѾˣħѳͷųûôǿħȥ

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ַ㣬ԶħΪۡ
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ַ㲻ڣҲһֱ֮ϯַ㣬ַַǲҪ֮λٲˣѩƿϯλһҪַģû˸顣
յУޱȾ޴Ϲǣıϣֺκɵ˶ڣƷ
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Һַ㱾ǺѣҳݣԺѩĦԽַ
šֺ˵ͷҲ˵ģƷѩ£ҺַǺѣѩºĦԽ͸Ϊ˹ַԷ
кδ㣿ֺƷʵ
ĦԽ漴һʱգǰؾ֮أҲַ̫㣬ܹ˷˴εΣܹоܿһٺַģһؾ
ϣˡֺ̾ϢһַħҲַ֪ȥκƶûãҲȥѰַ㣬һУͶַ컯ˣ˭֪δ
ַ㣬ҲӦƷһЦ˵ˣҪȥˡ
šֺ˶Ʒ΢΢֣漴̤
ޱȾ޴ſƷ뿪
ȵԶȥߺֺκɿʳǡʹԺѩ£ҲܹǣǴۣ̫أԸһжûз
һЩС㡣κɿ˵һ
ֺ̾Ϣ£ҡͷСһֱϣ˴Ҳܷ׻δ·עҪԼߣСǲһ·̫


0731 ɽе
ɽһڵħӰڻǰţħӰϣ͸ſµĮϢɱ֮⣬ļͷһͷѩ׵СſʱѩצħӰӶ¡
ħӰÿһʱ䣬ϵĮɱ֮ͻǿñ䡢ѪɱأȻÿʱ̧ͷһſԼͷѩ磬˫ϾƯ۾ϵɱѪ֮᲻ܵѹƣ漴ı־ѹס
ַ㣬ΪħסԼڳΪūΪɱĹߡ
ַһӰĸţĸַÿһα仯ַϵħǿ̾Ϣѩ絽ռķܹһ۱㽫ħĳ嶯
ȫţûѩߣַѾħ޷Լˡ
־սĹУ־ϵıøӵǿħ־ȴһգܹսʤϵħ֮־а˵ţַһġ
ȻַһֱĬһֱô䣬ַҲʶĺħ־սھɽţΪľ߳ȥ֮ܿƶ¾޹ࡣ
ǰһɽبǣɽ·Ķڣ·һ͸Ӧ޵ĳѨ
ȻַȴûпһŲûзֺͣ£ɼᶨǰš
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ǼӰûϢǿԼϢȫסӦࡣ
ǼҲ˳ַĶˣĿⲻɵ΢΢һͣ漴ǵ¶һĨЦ
ַ㵭Ƴ˼һۣ漴ɽĲ෽ȥƹɽǰȻǼȴƺַô뿪ֻǵ΢΢һȻַסˡ
üͷһһɿµɱ֮͵˳µıħϢô䣬Ǽֻо˱ѵУ嶼ɪɪ
صħ˵ͷһ漴Ų˿סַ㣬ˣƺǲ
ţһĮü˵嶼΢΢һͣԭضҶ
ǴһаĴǴɽĶдģ·ӵħһǼ˵ҲҺ˷ֺĿĳַͶȥ
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ĮϢǼ˵ŶǶַ㻺ȥȫ⡣
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ַ㣬Ҫַĺһ㲻ʹˣɱңɱϵѩ硣
ȻĵĻַ΢΢һŵʱ㲻ܿƵȥȡħ·һεٻٻʹħս
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Уɻǣڼʶֲַʵ֮ΪɺηĶַ㷢Ҳַһħʧȥǡ
Ŀ⣬Ͷɽ
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ޣĵһɽӵޣ޻˸ղűַɱļǿߣܿԣôޣ
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һµ·һӰɽ˸ʱǹֱӳգԲ֮еĴСܹܵɿµӴ
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ⱳӰ·аӰֶмָ˷緶ģ࣬ҲΩΩФ
ȻַĵķӦƺеĲһ˶ûжһһа⣬漴壬תʼλ಻֮͡
ȻĿϵɲǣ徹̲ס΢΢£΢ԵЩӲ


0732 è
ַ˫ڿԷɲǣͬʱͷݺݵһػ
һΪӣȴ죬ΪΣ³ľȻһèХ֮ԵøӵĹ졣
㡣¡¡ħϢķַеħ֮ⶼ·ųǵɣͷڳԼϵĳ۶Ʈ
ǰˣèȻè
ھɽмèƣַƴһУʹħʣȵûڻεèʹóǿèʧܣһͷèŲˡ
˿̣ǻèѾʧˣȴΣ͸ſζʲôַ
ζż㻯ʧˣǿֲǰèһ
Ŀ⿴һۼͷ趢èѩ磬ַͻȻϣ֮⣬èȻԻλôҲԣ»Ϊˡ
Ȼַ֪Ϊλ˵ļַ֣ǿƺʶ
èԼַ֪ΪηӦôӦӦŶԣַ㺦ʧܣַ㺦
ʱèͫ׵У֮⣬һûô嶯ַϷħϢڸַ㣬ƺʹħˣǹɿµħңǳǿ
Եû뵽ǻܼ档³һèĶַ㣬ųһ˿׹⣬ʱַܽ˺á
ӣƺħˣѵڣ׵ͷ޷ƿصǹΪ˽ūè̽ԵַһûлӦַûŲǰصһ硣
̼䣬޾Ŀɱ֮ȫèŶ̫ˣؼ䶼Ƿħһ֮Х֮ħַŶûκεıַҲĵȰ裬ֱӽħͷ˳
ħһѤĻȣȫǿֲħڷƬնü
һħХַУֵַңλεģ
ħΨһһ˿£ѯèٶȻεġ
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ѩ磡
èɨһַ㱳ϵѩޣ¶һ˿ЦݣЦøĹ죬·ַΪλôļ
ӦѩƯϧҵһʧܣѵǰͣɳƶٶȴè³·ǿڴַ̼㣬һҲλ£ԭˣԭèͱַȵûʧܡ
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ϧҲġèɳٶ³дŲ̵Ц
ɱĿħϢڽϷַħſµĽֱնɱռ仮һĿĺɫۡ
èٶȼ΢΢ţ֮¡һ죬ħնɽ֮ϣ촫һĿĵĽ۳ǣɽ屻նһµѷ졣
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͡͡޾ħ֮ŰţèǷһͳХٶ˳ȥַܹĹ建ı仯壬һͷè
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䣡è峯һµĽ˹ȥ¡¡ϢϢħն֮ϣɢӰ٣һ촫èצͽײһĿסħ
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䣡ַһնһѾʯ֮ϣħϢķһѾʯ̼仯ΪĩַĽŲһ磬ֱӿУûκεԥĿַӰʧҧҧҲɽд˽ȥ
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ڣⶴľͷƺ鱦ʯ⹬Ƕóʣ貣ǰһַһϯλ޾Ĺ⻪ţλ֮ϣȻһӣ۾΢΢š
ǿµèֱӴӵĻУ΢죬˿аè˳ľһͷͨͨҰè㣡


0733 ս
ħӣɱڷϯţǻεèӵĻ̽˸Դ˫Ӵһ˿Цƺڳַ㣬ַ㣬ˡ
Ҳ˽èӻ֮ʱ̲סݺݵĲ¡
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صħһͳֻӱŵһ⣬ֱӺַŵħײ񲻿һ˻ǿµħ⣬Ҳûа㷴Ӧ
ѩ硣Ǵһ˿ǳЦӵĿ͸ż̰µħѩ磬ð
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أèƺӷһͳ漴ӵĻй˹
İɣֻҪԹԵģһΪһͷǿƺè˼建վ̼䣬һɿµϢ˲佫֣ĵֻо΢΢һ壬͸оУԶ
Ͻ¶һĨȻɫĶӣ𾪵޷˵
Ľ־ôо˿ԵģͺΪǽߡ
ߣ૵һԼԼ²ŵ£ߵĻַ㣬о
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ǰðǰˡĶ΢΢Ƿߣܹǵ̫¡
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ħ̫أѾħԵɱ˺ǸáЦ˵һΪߵȻܹоַħĿ£һǰƿʵǿַӲƿصĻ
кѩ磬ѵõޣôܹŹտ֮
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ĿַеıһȴַŲһ磬һɿµȫĵϡ
ֲħֱӺĵϣĵֱӳ˳ȥһѪ
תַ㿴֮ʱħԽԽʢ
㻹ûȫħЩԡӵ˵һַһȻǺ⡣
ַûĻͷһۼͷѩ磬飬ħ뿪
أѩ粻ϵҡͷĿַļͷûзɣ·ַҲһϳȥ
ַĿתٶȿӵʱȫǿµħ⣬ſ񡢷ſԼֿ־ħԽԽǿ󣬲ʳ־еħĲǿµħ֮ȫУɽڲϷ죬ѡ
ţһַͣ㣬˿ַ̣˫Уڶħ֮˸ֻ޾ħ֮⣬ˣͺһһˣǽ
ħһַ㣬Ҫ׵ĶħħΪƿߡ
ħ֪жǿ󣬿ǰԽߣħΪԵӳҲ𺳵ģȻҲַΪ޷ܵסħѹȶҲ˵
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ⱬѣµƶħУַĽŲһ磬ֱӽħУ뽣·ںΪһһɫĽٶȴɱһַ㶼·һħںһ
˽һ־ѹħѡΪŭһµŽѹȹȥؼ·޾Ľɱĺ¡첻ϵĴɽʯѵøӵľҡ
¡ӵħĸ壬ƿһУɽڷıѣȵһɽʱɽڷĲвϵıѿ
յУһ˵һһʱַѾǽħڣغХŭħƷĹ޾Ľȥ
ӵ˫趯Ƭնһ֣·һжֹ
㷢裬ҲһҪӱĺȵŲǰһ磬ֱӳħ̤ȥַΪǸ߽ǿߣħܹвַ㱾̫ħۣӲħ
ɫĹâļѹħַ壬ǹɿµַ㶯ã̫ǿˣǿߣħֿܵ˵ġ
âһյгһɫʯͷʯͷڷţһʯ
ʯ棬Ĵ֣ħ
ʯǷħʯ


0734 Ľ
ħʯ֮ϣ͸һɿµķӡַ㶼ܹоԼеħ΢΢ţ·Щɵħʯ
ħҾͽħȻɱ㣬ȡħЦһ漴˫ַӡڷħʯ֮ϣֱڷħʯһʱµĺɫ֮ӷħʯŶǿʯٶţ˰СʯϿŵķħ֣ŵĹâǿҡ
ȥŭһʱħʯһڹ⣬¡¡ֱӳַӡ
ַ޾ħ֮⣬˫־ħֱһµĽâǷħʯնȥ
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ħʯ汦ħǿǺ˵ġЦһжԷħʯ͸ǿҵš
ħʯϹ֮ʯרΪӡħڣǰһ֮ʯķѣһһ飬ǰķħʯֻһ飬һеõܹ̤֮ӡ壬ҲħʯѲ˹ϵ
ȥһӡ֮ڷħʯ֮ϣʯֻͣƬ̱ǰַ˹ȥһµĺɫ·ַ˶סϵħԶܵǿҵѹƣħҲԽˡ
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ַ㣡׷ܵߣŲصһ̤նȻȴһèХ֮һצֱӳץ¡촫ֱ۱ץһѪֱۣ½䡣
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ڣɡµɫ֮⽫ռ䶼ַͶãĿӳһ̤ѵôҪȷܲģǲĳ޻δûаָΣôľôˡ
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ɣһĮߵ³Ҫַݻ١
䣡һµİ׹Ŷַţ׹˵ҫۣʹĵ£׹һֵģһǿµϢ
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ĿĶַķַֻǰǵŵİ׹⣬ĻһӰõӰ
Ӱһˣ˵Ŀ͸ſµ֮ҵĳ·ʵ㣬з趯ǹϢߵ岻ϵĲţÿ¡
ôᣬô
ַ㣬ϾȻƣһ˿µǿػڱʱƲű漴ߵӰ֣


0735 ѹħ
˵ߣַ㶼Ͳ֪Լϲ½ƣ֪ǿػԼ
顢ģĿȫһ漴һϣĹâţûַûúúõģȻпµǿߣػַ㡣
õӰǰ˳˲ϢߵǰһɿµѹֱѹڶԷϣߵݺݵĲ£оһ㱣һ̼߲·ҪõӰѹȵϢ
ߵ³һµߵ嶸Ȼǧ֮أڵĴϢţĿ⺧ȻĶӰ
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Ӱüͷһһɿµѹѹȹȥ˵һ䣬
ǿߵһ˿ĭֻܽǿĭУԷҪķħʯȴ޿κΡ
ַɱַ㣬ȡַϵħѩ磬ƣԷҪķħʯҲ޷ͽǿʳ
ǡ߸һ漴Ųһ磬ԥת뿪ҲǼĹϣǲˣֻܶߡ
֮ʱֱһץֱӽèβǣèһ죬ֻоޱ裬ȻֻΪйߵĹߡ
ÿɺ޵ǣַ㾹Ȼûǿַ߱㡣
ܿ죬ǿߵӰԶתۼʧӰ뿪ĵǿҲ׵ɳղţΪַˣֿ־У̫ˡ
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˿̣޷Ǽеʹ˿վǰĿֲӰغһ̫ˣֹǧ
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ַ㣬Ѫڷħʯϣٽӡǿ棬֮ΪС
϶ַһһ統ͷȣַЩԼָѪħʯϣ漴˳ȥ̼䣬һ貵Ĺ⻪ڷħʯתϢַѾܹĸоԼͷħʯϵ
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³ַͺǵõһ˿嵱УǿıȴǻǣƣǱǿ֪»ɱȡǿı
ˣҵʱˣԼúñأסǿʵԶǸڵվʱģܻܿҪԼһַǵðҺúչСš
ϡַ㿴һۼͷ飬һѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲôڵŮѵȻ»ˣҲ㣬Ϊʵ̫ˣ֪ȥԼ޷󼰵飬ֻẦѣҪŮѣͱǿɣҪôʥұǧסҪСһ
˵仰ϵӡǽıʧ
ַһֱϵӰΣɸоţСŵүү죬ӵҩˣǿ˹ԼϿ½ƣҲԼСһʱΣգСŵϣӦҲµӡǡ
Ҳ㣬Ϊʵ̫ˡַ˫ȭʵ̫ˣЩǿ߶ԣ̫ԼûУԼѣҪǿʵֻҪʵǿ飬ܹ»ûΪεģ


0736 Ѫҹ
Уڶԣǿħ׸ħʯҲֻס׸ʵǿħͷħʯΪá
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ַ㡣ĺַһַĿתΪħ֮ʣɷһ⣬˫䡢â˸ȻǹħϢȴǱѹסˣĮµģ˫ȻЩˣĵҲǳ׵ķˡ
ַ㣬ڻָǣýңͶħһΣ
ģлл㡣ַĵ˵ͷ
ҡҡͷԼͷķ˿ƺҪʣµһƽ׵׿˿̵мֱ
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񣬶޵ˣǶˣǿıǱԼħ뿪϶вʣûԼһУһУӵؾг֮
΢΢ͷַûѩ¹£Ϊ˶޵ͶĽؾڶǶԣؾһУ鶼׿һȥ
һ𡣡Ŀ˵ַ㿴һۣ΢΢ͷֵ֮ǰҪȥһѩԳǡ
ȥԳǣһ㶣ַȥԳǸʲô񹬵ĵ̣񣬲ַ֪㽫ʲô̬ȥǱߣӣ
ƺ֪ʲôַĵһ̤ؾҲ񹬽룬һУֻΪԼҪҴһԸѡšۺħڡ
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ؾΪκֻΪԼΪ˱ǿ
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ѩ簲ſַļͷַĻм˼ˮ˫¶һ˿ЦݣַܹôѹħħнѣȻˡ

ѩԳǣ͸һõ֮Щ֣·ʱʧһܹ졣
Գ֮⣬һͷɫ޳ߺХӰһŮ
ɫۣʷǷȻȴԵ̫Щ˫۾·Ҫ˶
Ůøżֵš߹Ϣһ֪
ңǱ껳УһͷƯСȫѩף㣬ȻȴȺ࣬˫Ư۾͸ż
ȥɡַŲһ磬ֱӿޣ޻ɽȥĵӰƮȻأŲѩԳǵС
ѩѾԳҲûʱĻżְϢ
嫶ĳУ˿ҲûʶѩԳĴ̫壬Գǳ
ҹˮżˬ֮⣬Ȼ̫˶ԣȴо䡣
գϢ̫ļ̫գһѩ¹ǵĳַնɱˣϢ̫¶Ļ̫彫ľ档
Ψһ侳ǿˣ̫彫ʲôľ棬ѩԳǵֲǳưԳһ˻ûǣԳСҲʱʳǼһС
Ϣ̫˶Ϊ֮˼ҹ̫Уڶĸ߲ڴˣһֱżúȥδӡ
˿ǻ֪һħӰȻǱǼ壬Ȼɱ
Ϣţҹյֻм΢죬Ȼ֮ȴܿ죬̫ΧƺһŨѪס
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Ȼ漴ǾͿǵǰһɫӰӣһӰһϢĳ֡
ǺɫӰгѪɫĽѪ֮ϣ˿һεεѪ·䡣
죬ǸҪȴֻһѪ⻮˲佫ûѪŶӿѪУһȫ
ɫħӰŲһ˲ϢʧӰ٣ǿʶΧһУɱ¾ɵĽš
´ĵƻԵмİһɷ紵Ǵ˸ɷ磬ôô䣬ҷУƺһѪ
ȺŶԲߣȻ˿̣λ֮ͻȻĿһվԣˡ
£ȺʶҲ˳´ʱһɹǿѪǾ˲ûѪɫÿµѪ
աաա΢ĽŲĴɥӣģһɫħӰ´ǰ漴ģС
ħӰôĺڡô䣬һѪѪ
ַ㣡ȺػݺݵĲ£ǵȻϵַ㣬ѩַõһϯλ˼֤ţǣҲڡ
Ҳ֪̫գǰȥѩ¹ɱַ㣬ҲûлˣȻ˿ַ㣬
һӰ֡
̧ͷ˫еĹâѪô䣬˷
΢΢һµĽŰѪ´ţҹעѪҹ


0737 ĸ
ڷ룬޺еĵشÿһͷ޶ԾԼĻΧ֮ڣѭ޵Ĵַ򣬼޸ҳԾǿ޵Ϣ֮ء
ںڷطƮŵѩһƬޱȾ޴أããһƬȫǺѩ̤УµĻѩԽǵϥǶû
ȻǺĴױѩȴһֻӡûУûС
һ˸̤أ˻ޡ
˿̣ƬѩΧһͷͷţ޻·ߣһͷ˼ţ˿̵Ѿܹ뻯ΣֻһܹΪǿʱͻΪˣȥ濴硣
ͷţԴǰѩ֮ؿһۣߵǰѩԱߣȴṳ̂ѩһֻҪ̤ѩУ͵̤ƬڷңţƬѩ͸ż־ηּɵںڷУû޻ܹ̤ƬػܻųģţүүģҲ˵үүһ޺ĽأڷĽء
ҪȥһۣÿţĻֽɳ嶯ס
ţǣȡ͸ؾţĿ⣬żͶƬѩ֮ص֪ʲô
һƬѩأƮźѩ˳ţĿ⣬͸ǧ֮أűƬѩ֮صˡ
һ޴ĿӶӶ·һͷ޵״ȻѩڿӶʱȴ˲ڻǿӶеѩΧѩס
޴ӶΧżͷɰѩ̶ɵޣȫѩЩеǾ޴еǿĴͶǼӴԶԶĿһۣĲ
ʱǾ޴ĿӶз·𷢳һ΢죬һ̣ƮŵѩȻסˣȫͣ˰յУһôĹ졣
ѩеİѩ䶯˵޵ľ޴Ӷ䶯һ¡¡΢촫һɿµϢ·ΧһȫֹˣǲǿӶһͷޣʱͷޣˡ
ʮ׳Ӵ׸ߣëѩҪף˫ˮӣô貣һͷƯޣܹСһЩһǳϲ
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мͷӴѩɫƯɨһΧ漴Ŀڴϣʵ˯˶ã
ĸѾʮꡣĶ£ϵĻѩĻӦ޵統Уַӵĳ㣬ǿҪūСޣֻ裬Ǳ˺ѡ
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Ļѩһǿҵ⣬ɨһۣ³һǣСû°ɡ
£ѩϣһѩ׵ëƮյУһƬƬѩڣһ澵ӡ
磬̫֪ߵغˡѩɫ࣬漴ӿһʥ֮⣬һֱָ澵ϣʥųѩɫĹâ澵УȻһĻĻӰ
ӰУһŮӣʥɣַﶨȻ𺳣ӰеŮӣȻ顣
ӰõüĿ죬һһգһʱͬʱ⣬ʮʱһĻĻȫӰзٵĳţ鱻˺޵ʱ򣬺¡һӰֱѣѩɫҲ׵ĳ
ޣӰ˲ֱ˵ϣĲŲͣ·÷ˡˡ
תѩЩڵصޣĿ䵽˼¡
ѩӴ壬ĻûΪΣһŮӣŮӣѩĳۣѩҪ䡣
Ӷ̼ڵ֮ϣһѩѩѸٵ󣬾޴ѩһΰ㣬ѩĴţǡ
ԼȥɡεŮӻĿڵЩ޵ԽΪѩĿ͸ſ־֮ɫ
Ҫ𣿡Ů˼֣һѹЩ֣һͳ˻𴫳һͷͷӴޣͬʱΪΣ漴ĳѩ˽ȥȵȫѩʱѩĴţҲֱӹرˡ
Сû°ɣԶˡŮӶ£ʱѩСһƬѩëֱӻصϡ
ĽŲֱӳһ磬ѩ¹ķȥÿһ֪˶Զ
ţһֱǣֱǹ𺳵ԶȥŸ̧ͷ͵͵ĿһԶǵӰ¶ľη


0738 ص۹
Գǣ̫һҹ䱻¾˲Сĺ䶯ˣȫڽ£̫嵱УŨѪУƺżֱϢδɢȥ
񹬵˹֮óһַۣ㣬ˣħɱ̫塣
ȻԳ֮ʱȴҲҲַӰˡ
˳ѩԳϵҪһƬ޴ĸǿ۹Լ綫۹ͳ۹ȣЩ۹УһΪصĹȣص۹
ص۹ģѩɽѩɽ޾겻۹ޱı߽ȫѩɽУƮѩ
ҲɺϣַЯѩ磬ģ˿̱̤Ƭѩɽ
ϵİѩѩ緢һͳ˷֮漴ֱӴַļͷ·ȥѩбܷţƺǳϲƬѩ֮أļҺơ
䡣ֹһַ˵ͷĿ⳯ԵĿһֻۣϾ˿˿΢죬ƺǱġ
Ƭѩɽȷʵ䣬Ǹ߽ΪȻо䣬¶жôĿֲ
ȻȻ£ƺǳĻַ֣㲻ɵ΢΢ҡͷ벻ס
ص۹漴Ǿͻ򣬵ؾڵĵطص۹Ƕԣõ·ߡַ㻺Ŀ˵
ĵͷͬ⣬ַ塢ǿ𣬶ǶһҪǰؾص۹ȷõ·ߣҰȫ
̤ѩطɳɳ죬ַĿ⳯Χһѩɽȥȥкüѩɽ֮ϣȻǵѾ˶ѩǣ᲻뿪ѩɽһƬƬѩɽѩ޶ԣʥأżĺôޣô׵뿪
¡ʱһѩɽɽѵѩɽУһӰ𣬻һϵѩܹĿò
ǿϢַ㳯Ͷȥһۣһ꣬Ͳϣżδµ֮
Ųһ磬峯һѩɽ̤ȥֱһȭѩɽ֮ϣʱ¡¡ѩɽѣѩĹ
ƺûֹͣһնһѩɽȥ̼䣬һѩ֮ŭԶѩɽѩɽٶȱѣķ
䡢䡢䡭͸Щ˷֮ɫһȭȭһѩɽдһŭХ
ЩѩɽȺȻһ˹ӱѵѩɽ̤Ŀ⿴꣬͸żֲ֮ɫ
ʸ棬㵽Ҫʲôһŭ֮ѩɽ·ַɫһһ֣ôоô죬˻ʸȻȴֻһ֡
ǻǽҴ󺦳ϰһ㡣ʸһЦƺмɵҪһȥأѩһǰؾ
󺦳棬˰ɣѩһˡһ̵Ȼʸƺ⣬ЦһҪȢѩӡ

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ЩһȢѩţص۹˶룬Ȼص۹ʥŮǲĻʸܹõġ
ȻǲòϣڻʸʵǺǼɵһԴʹ츳ȴߣһ϶򲻹ĻǸͻʸ˷Ѵֱ࣬ӾͶˡ
ٺ٣ЦҲãǣǱһȥأ¡ʸЦȺһŭΡ
˶࿴Ҫһ㣬ҿȢѩӵˣ˭ȥҾʹȥΪֹʸ˻Լȭͷв˵ȺһɫѿȻһ־壬˵ĻȷʵȻ˭ȥᰤᣬ»ʸҲû
ȥԣѵݣ¡˵
ԣ¡
ʸ˼£漴˵ͷãѵݡ
ȺɫźÿЩһǺ޵ҧгݡ
ʸĿ⻺תַϣŲһ磬ֱӽڵϣַߡ
ҲҪȥ𣿡ʸַʵ
ҲɡַͷЩʵһܲǻʸ棬ᣬģӵ侳۷Ϊ
ңղ˵Ҫѩһؾ
һȥɣҲѡʸЦҽлʸǱȽϲһʸ棬Ҿô󺦳һЩ

ַһһǸ̥ƫƫΪ˵ǿ
ŮΪ侳۷壬ûѩΪ侳۷壬ңӦñŮѸһЩʸԴЦ˵زַ˶˷ۡ
ص۹ʥŮʲôʱʸˣ쵰̫޳ˡ
˵Ҫѩһ̤ؾô£ַŻʸʵȻһ˵֣ȴᣬûûεˣĵز̫෴ַԶЦݶ˭ôº͵ˣ
ص۹ʥأúص۹ǰؾУѡˣص۹Ҫǰؾˣȥһԣҵʵ϶ûġ
ַʸĻĿ˸£Ҫ̤ؾȻҪһŻᱻģڳǷʱίȫһ룬û뵽ص۹ƺһᡣ
ˣһ֪ʲô֣ͻȻʲô㣬ʸԴЩơ
ҽַ㡣
ַ㣬Ӧòص۹˰ɣҲҪؾأõѡ񡣡ʸڡ


0739 ʹ
ַ㿴ŻʸʵΪθأõģ
ַ㣬㲻˽Ǭĸ۹ʸЦŵǬ򣬴Ʒ۹ԼƷ۹൱ǿͳεĽ綫۹۹ۺص۹Ǭص۹ǿ
˿̻ʸо͸żֽ֮⣬ַ㿴ˣֻЩҲһɫ£·ΪԺУЩ⡣
ص۹֮ǿΪǵҪȱԽԭֻһص۹е۹Žġʸ˿ƺ£ַ٩٩̸ǧǰص۹ֻƷ۹ģܾ裬ʥأ漴ּ⣬õ۹ǿ󡣡
أҲӶᣬһʹֻõ۹ǿΪʹˣܹأ۹ˣصǿزѹøǿͱ˴̤ؾĵ۹˴ǽؾõﶨȻҪϽɣص۹ҪֻҪǵ۹֮˵õرҪأЯرأصǿָЩǿԭһֱǧ꣬˭Υ㽫ɱ
ңţؾеõ߳ˣǻԸԼ޷õرأԼҲأǿָܹõıǵ۹֮˵ҫأһһκˣʥأֻǿ۹Ϊʹ
ʸ˵ţַؿڣɢŵ˿ȴ˫£͸ҫ֮⣬Ե۹ΪҫʥΪҫ
ʥأֻǿ۹ΪʹȺͬһ߰ͷ­ָأׯ˵Ƿĵĳ羴ʥصĳ羴
ַĿׯϵˣͷ̲סݺݵĲ£·ܵ˾ҵĳַ㱾ԻʸĻЩɵģȫ˵Լ˵ķӦֻҲʧˡ
ܹһôǿʸ˵أһκˣʹеƶڡ
˷ǲľ飬ҶԼĹУôһκƣǿ󣬻˻᲻Ϊҫ
һ޵ѭǿ۹Ϊʹ۹֮ǿ󣬵۹֮ΪܹΪҫ
ܹǰһʹеĵ۹ֵ۹ǿ˭ǿ
ֵ۹ַǰЩҵͳι֮ǿǿȻҲ֮ǿ
ַ㣬ص۹ӭ˼룬ֻҪԸص۹ص۹ݽؾǵõʲôر۹棬Ȼǰǣ㲻۹֮£򽫻ܵɱ
ʸֵص۹ɰٴ
ַ¶һ˿ЦݣĵҪص۹ؾҲôװɣ㻹ȴȥӰɡ
ַĻʸЦ£ղŵ֮ʧĵãȥأΨоؿˣܹؽؾڲǣµ۹Ŷǰص·ϡ
ߣһȥҵѩʸĺ޳ȺһӣȻַоõȻŻʸҧгݣȻǵȴֶ⡣
Ȼܵʸ쵰ٴεŰǵΪҲȷʵ˲٣һûûεĻ쵰Ҳʵ᲻⡣
һ˼ַģаˣʸΪ侳أҲ侳أҲܸѩɽᱻ
ѩѩбֱַĻУѩ˶Ŀ΢ƯС
ʲôޣʸʵ
ҵӡַ㵭˵һûʸ˵Ŀ΢΢һַӣ
ٺ٣ҵӸƯһЩʸֺЦ£Щ˵
ǿɲһַ㿴˻ʸһۣΪŮܹȡ
Ҳ϶ûƯѩʥŮ۹ƯŮˡʸĿɫҧгݣ޲һȭϺȥ
޳ܡһ̫޳ˣеʥŮѩȫһܻˡ
ַĿ˻ʸһۣȻһûûΣȴܴһͲµ
ѩһῴġַЦŵ·ںͻʸܱʥŮ
˵Ӱͣĳڵķ˸ȥ߳ƬѩɽȻѩɽ֮ĵƮѩص۹Ҳƺϲѩַܹܵõϵѩ֮Ϣ˵ص۹ޣΪѩޡ
һ·УַҲ˲ǰˣص۹˶ڳطȥ츳꣬벻ؾҲܹհǰķ緶ңһΣǻܹʥŮѩ
·;УַҲ̸ѩң˵ض֮ʱȻž֮⣬ַԼѩŨĺģʲôһõ۹ۣʥŮжܹסôˡ
أǵ۹֮˵ѩˡ
·;бʱ䣬ַ㷢Լֿһѩ֮أѩ֮ص۹ĳУԶһߵѩɽ͸żԻ֮һȥġ
ַ㣬ǵˣءʸָԶѩɽĿһĨ˷ܵɫˡ


0740 ѩ
ַĿ⳯ԶѩɽȥһƬ˪·ضסˣ׳ۡ
𾪵ǣڶѩɽӵһ޴ĳأ޳գΧѩɽðڵѩɽ˼֮
ءַ૵һֻһۣе𺳣⣬ص۹еذɡ
˵˸ţܿѩɽ£ѩɽı߾֮һвƮѩĻȴԵü֣ޱѩأӰǵĿⶼͶѩɽµһӰһ̨̨ͤͤУвӰֱʣƺڼ¼ʲô
ʱǰ̨ͤŵӰＸָʣֽϿԼ֡
ȻڱˡȺһĻĿһѩɽɽؾе˺۹ͬǲָеĽУ۹пѡȻҲܷأΪ˾ԵĹԸ˵ķҲԸ©۹츳ʶ꣬Ͼز۾Ϳ۹š
شµԭҲص۹ӵǿԭ
ҪѩˡʸһЦ漴ַߣһȥ
ַ˵ͷûоܾʸ˵ص۹һ̤ؾõѡ
һһ̨֮ͤأ̨ͤе̧ͷһۼˣǺŵЦݣСӣǶϣ
ٺ٣ҪȢѩӵˡʸԴĿ΢΢һ̧ͷϸĶ˻ʸһۣ漴ЦѩΪ侳۷壬Ȣ˺ܶ࣬ҪȢѩӣɻúúŬС
ʸĻûзŭ֣෴ǹ
ֿȥֽ߽ݵʸǰʸԼ֣漴ּȻʧ
ʸϣгɹĻᡣֶŻʸ΢Ц漴ַǰȥ˿ַһۣĿַͣ£㲻ص۹ˣ
ǣһСַͷ
ǺãԼֿҪˣԸص۹ؾҲζԼص۹ˣԺ𺦵۹֮£غҲɡĵһȴһû谭˼ַ㡣
ԼʲôַЦ£ֿϣ漴˵һԡ
΢Цҡͷ츳ܲƺЩȻϹЦȴʼմ˿˿޷׽ĮӦþ˲顣
漴һ˶׷׿Լ֣ȴ΢Щԥַͬɽ۹֮ˣȻɽ۹ûʸؾģֻܴ񹬽룬Ȼǿ֣ζص۹ˣЩΪˡ
ġַҡҡͷĿַһۣ漴չһЦĪϧףҵġ
˵գҲԼֽϡ
ˣǿΧһҲѩɽ󣬻ʽʼѡˣǵʱ׼ʱصˡ߶ż˵һ˷׷׵ͷ߿
ǣѩɽַɻʵмĵ·ϣƺв̤Űѩϴż֮⣬ѩɽȥ
Ȼԣǵ۹ʥأ˱ųʥ֮شӲȻ֮Լ֮ȴܴţӰ쵽ǵ
ʸӦһЦȥѩɽɣҲѩҲ˵
ַ㵱ȻܾҲǰȺһ̤мɰѩ̳ɵĵ·ĳѩɽȥ
ûնУַں˵Уׯ֮⣬ĻʸҲˣ˵˿̵ʥأص۹ԣʥء
Ȼʥ֮·ƺƽ̹ôһ·ѩɽߣǱĿٶȣɹ˺üʱǲѩɽĸߴ
ڰããѩɽȺУΧһѩм䣬ַĿ⳯·ȥ·ضÿЩ
ƽǰǾ޴嫵ɲðˮĻþ֮£еѩᶳɱðŵˮѩɽУΪѩɽ˼ѩ֮⾳Ԫ·Ũ֣˸пȻǿ
ѩ쿴ѩʱһ֮ȺĿⶼһĿĴ
ʸתģ˲䣬Ŀߵѩɽ۷֮ϣ͸ңԶĿռ䣬Ⱥܹ۷ѩɽıԵ֮أһѩӰվǣĿŵ۹Զ
ͣѩ֮㣬ϣѩɫΨͷĺɫ׺Χѩס
ѩ̫ˣΪ侳۷壬ܹȢΪޣǱ̫ˡȺǵѩɫӰĿдż֮⣬ѩص۹ʥŮ˵ˡ
ѩҵġһֱ֮˵һ漴Ŀתĳȥ
ַһܹϵĳź˺˼ҲˣǴ˷֮⣬Ȼûв˷ŭĿĻʸͷѩɽʥŮ
쵰
޳ܵļһʲôʸ˵ֻ
Ⱥһ޵ҧĿⶼܽʸˣǼһȴȫˣĿֻǿеӰȭͷѩһӡ
ƺ·ĺѩĿ⻺ĳ·ʱȺһһƽ֮⣬ȻѩֻǿŻʸǴԲѵļһ
ֻһۣѩ˻ʸһۣĿû¶κεв漴㽫Ŀƻأת漴ʧ˵ߵС
ø߰Ůˡĵ˵ͬŮˣܹоѩеĸֻ߰˶Էһ
ӣ𣿡Ŀһַ㻳еѩ磬̲סһַħŮӣۿ
Ȼַ¶һĨ͵ЦݣôĿ϶ӹɣ


0741 ѩɽ֮
ѩѩ㴿˳ȾòҲ޲ɷȻʥ֮޿ɱģַиˡ
˵ѩΪѩо飬ô飬Ϊѩӡ
ַǿżӣ¶һĨɫУһ΢Ľ֮⣬Ľַ㻳еѩ磬ַ㣬ܹˡ
ѩ糯ַϹ˹ַץץᣬ鶯۾¶˿˿Ц
ַѩԴõһЦҲֻпѩʱַЦݲܹ˵ĲáɾʱЦԵǣǿĮħ嵱УټϾ˲ǰĴ䣬ĮУ̨ͤеܹо
飬ѩɺһϲѩɽɣҴȥѩɽۿַһ漴Ųһ磬ַ徹ֱǸƣ·۷ѩɽȥҲǸղѩֵ
ţȺüͷһ壬ַҪʲô
ϲÿѵַҪȥ׽ѩ̫Ϊˡ
¡һ֮ĴĽѩ겻֪ж٣ղŻʸһ˵Ĳ죬˿ַ㾹ҳѩڵĵطȥѵҪȥ׽ǵŮ񲻳ɣַۡѩ
һӰ˲ϢַԣԽַ㣬һµֱӳַſֲѩ֮⣬һǻַ㣬ֱҪַصȥ
ַĿתһɨˣĿ͸һ˿̹֮⣬Ŀ絶һ۶ԷȻǳӰһϢĸо·һޱȵĴѶҪԴ£Ŀ⣬䡣
ĺַ³¡¡ַƵгһ޴ĺɫӡĺڰӡ͸żֲֿħ·Ҫһж
¡ѩ˲Ϣ÷飬µĺɫһں֮âֱӡ˶Էϣ˲ִټֵȴֻݺݵһһɿµĮ֮ȫ
䣡ϣѪѩɽ˵ֱӳ¿䣬ֱҪ֮ʱסΣ˿ɫȴޱѿ
һƲΪŭͬΪҪͷ˼ʶһʵжܹѩͷȻãȻ˿ģȴֻǱһĻַһƺ˻涼ˡ
ٿַ㣬ڿգѾ۷ѩɽ֮ϣ·
ţһδȥѩתֱַӵѩüͷǳǳһ壬˲Ϣָֻ糣
ʲôѩ³һ죬Ϊң㻹ǻȥɡ
ƽȻַʶȴܹƽ͸ŵİѩ۹ʥŮ׷һգͬʱӵпµ츳һмǹɰѾڲ¶ˡ
ַ㿴ѩһۣƽĿһۣ漴㽫Ŀƿֱڵѩɽ۷֮ϣϥǣѩԼϣĿããѩɽһɽС
ѩ΢΢һַֻһۣƽһûаĸ鲨û˿֮ʱĿ뼤ĲУͺǿһͨͨһĻᡣ
ѩһĨɫδӹĮ꣬ƺҪ
뿪޷̧Ųˣվǿַ㡣
ôȢ㡣ַͻȻ³һѩһ㶣һʲôˣղŻװôĲںӣ˿ȴʵ˵ֱӡ
ûᡣѩƺżֱַ㣬ղַǵһƳЩƽյԸֱˡ
ҪȢңʵҪԽң㣬ݶࡣѩ·㣬
ô򵥣ֻҪʵǿͼޣַ㵭ĻعͷɨһۣںиˬˣӽֶΣעôôַȷʵˡ
򵥣ѩЦҽʮˣȢҵˣٲ꣬ڣ㻹Ϊ𣿡
ѩʥŮСصǿټϱ츳ʮ꣬۷壬Ҫսʤ̸סáַӦһԣѣʸΪ侳۷壬Ҫսʤѩ»ҪŬ
ڿע𣿡ѩ΢һ˿ַ˵ĿҪƫƫ³ôȻ·Ӧ˵
ַϸѩѩȷʵȻ˿ķŭƺЩƻǹ⾳ʥŮи߲ʡʥӣΪ룬վҲֻһλ츳ǿʮŮӶѣַˡ
Ȼʥ֮ˣķ档
Ҷ㣬ûȤֻǴһʡַ³һ漴عͷѩ˹ɵ΢΢һЦ
ѩĿȴǽ
Ҷ㣬ûȤַǵĮµֱӲĵУ޵ҧַ㣬ĵӡ
ҪͨνؾĿˣҪһأʱҵҪƾʲô˵İѩ˵һ漴תٵ˸ȥҪ뿪ַԶԶġ
ַûвһѩɽۣ֮ѩɽ֮Ρ׳ۣγһĸܣַУѩɽ֮ɲѩ
ô⣬һ˰ѩɽ֮۶ȹ˼죬֮ڣҲڵˣҪʼˣ


0742 ŭ֮
һԾַѩɽۣ֮ѩɽ֮µһֱû뿪
ʱѩɽϵȺ׷·ȥ׼صĿˣ˵˴ؽѡˣѩһ𣬽һؾС
ȻؾΪΣȺ֪
ַ㻹ûѩɽ㿴һƬãã˺ȻȴȻ˿ûлҵĸоЩ֮ڵ̨ͤΧɿһޱȾ޴Ŀյأû˻ὫƬռݣɲŵ̨֮ͤе֮ˣǵ۹֮˶صء
öǿߡĿһɨãã˺һƷ۹Ʒ۹ĲޱȾ޴ģƷ۹߽侳٣侳ǿߣ͸ˡ
Ʒ۹߽侳ǿߣܹʱɣֲֿʵЩ̨ͤеˣΪӦö䣬ȻɣǷ·ػΪһ塣
ʱ̨ͤеһλ߿һϵչ⣬漴建վߵƬտѩ룬ããȺַǰµص۹ôſӵд˵飬Ϊ۹һԱҸеοԺ
Ⱥ˵Ķ˲˰УһȫַԼǰĿһ˲ǣҲΪԼǵ۹һԱ
ȣҪΪλ´˴εж˴˵ؾһıأȻΪһޣ˭Ӧ˽⣬ԶΣģжΣжǿңͬ⣬һؾҲǾһ
˵˶ĬȷԶΣģжĻͿôǿҵΣա
ң˴νؾģԶԶֹص۹һ嫵Ǭ򣬹ʮƷ۹ʮƷ۹൱Ŀֲô۹ǲǿ߽ؾУõʱǿжôӴ󡣡
һµ֣ÿһλᣬҪؾУһεĻǳΣģ˶ס
ÿһŶǵ۹ĲƸΪ˱ⲻҪˣؾǽɰ˽ؾУܹʲôʲôΣͿǸԵˡ
ˣһλǰȴֻǲ˽ؾ
ˣҽ飬侳Լ侳µţǷλᣬؾеˣǿǽȥ̫ΣˣӵдδҪ̤侳Ƕԣⲻֵá˵Ļһ䶯侳غµ¶˿Ц
Ҳһɾ֮£ؾžǳģǿһȥͻᱻɱҪûǳ˵Ρ
ȻҲǿӵˣҪȥһԣҲǿ˵ĻᣬڣǱҪؾˣȵյɡ
Լˣµǿ޴Ŀ֮¶˳̼䣬һӰ˸Ǿ޴ĿյصУ侳غ;صǿߣ侳صǿ侳£ûһˣ˵ҲԼĵ侳»ؾ
ַҲ̤յصȺУɨһΧȺ΢΢һ͡
侳ؼ侳ء侳صǿߣǧ֮ڣֲ̫ˣƷ۹Ʒ۹
һѩһؾȢѩΪޡʸ͸ִţַЦһôҪȢѩ
ȻַԼȭͷҲ΢΢סؾһҪȥߵĹĻΣأҲ޷ҡľģеҪʵǿЩվѩ¹߿ոɱѵȺԼǱҪ
ڵַ㣬̫ԶˣҪ߲ϣ
ȻӵߣôԼһߡ
̧ͷҵء˵һ׷̧ͷء
һֵĿˣҺʼʱǰأȵİˣһֵĿˡ˿˵Ⱥһâһ̭ķΪ˱һЩʵǿƫˣһȡǰˡ
׼ˡ˿˵ʱȫͷųµԪʱ׼ڿն
ȥ˻£̼䣬ǧӰһ˲𣬷ĳ֮ϱȥ
¡һɿµϢڷŰ⼫ݵʱУȺڿյͬʱͷŹˣжԵúӵ¡
ǧӰΡĵͺһ廯Ӱһؿ񱼶ȥĴӰ
ʸŲݺݵһ̤գͷһɿµѩ֮⾳ȵ
£ߵĿռ䶼ס˲ȫǱѩŭһѩƼڿգʱȴѾ˦һξ룬ɵɫѿ
ַ㣬һ͸ĮϢΧֲĺХ죬˵ûߣҲҴ⡣
ҹм˿ַһ죬ɵ˳ַһƣѩַȥ
ɱ
ַŭһɱ֮죬һ˲䣬ΧȺܵһĺ֮ǵ嶼·Ҫöɱ̫֮䡢̫¡
ȫҹַٶŭһûȥˣһŭ֮£ǧţ޾ؼȫǽӰ
ЩΧ֮ŭХȥʱȺɫ˲伫ѿǽ־ÿ£쵰
ΪֿĹǽǵڿյ赲סһ󣬾ͿȺڿգԽǣɫӲѿȫҪΪַŭͷŵḼ̌ˣ


0743 ร
ַ㽣ͷţȻ赲֮ˣԼҲӰģȻֻǼȶݵ˲Ϣʱ䣬ǿ߶ԣ˲Ϣ㹻Խ˦һˡ
˷һӰȫڿգַ㿴һЩȻַȴδ꣬ǿʶ̿ΧһȫסأѾǰˣֻҪʱ䣬˾ͿԿء

һ֮صУһưɫֱӴӳг·£һ˲䣬ȺֻоһϢĺֱǵϣ촫¿䣬ЩڿյӰһ˲䱻סˣ˱
á滹δ֮ȺͫһֱӻȻһ̣Ʒ粨ᣬǵҲ֮
ɴµı˪̫֮ˣֻҪһ̾ͻᱻ⡣
ַ³һŰ֣Ȼһ̣ǹɿµĺŵĽҲһ⣬ûܹѡ
һʱ䣬յг˼׳۵һĻɰǧӰȫͣյУ·ʱնһֹ̾
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ţѩĿżȻַϣһ˼һֺȵ
¡¡µѩ֮־ַŹȥ·ַϿոһĻַһͣѩڿΪء
ΧȺԽԼڿնٱһ˿Ļһ־Ҫ̭ˡ
𣡡ַ³һصĺХ֮ͻȻţյһ̹ǿҵ쫷磬·Ƿ֮־޿ײ롣
졣
ٶһֺȵַӰֱʧԭأһʧˣѩֻһ֮Ӱ
͡һµĽǰţѩɫȻһ䣬漴ȻˣһµĽ֮־ղλû漴һӰĳ֣Ȼַ㡣
ѩĿ΢΢һַ͸һĨĮ֮ɫַ㣬ȻҶͷŽ־÷
һӰڿ֮ϣҲַѩһĻĿⶼһ
˭ôĵӣȻҶʥŮѩ̫ˣɶģѵϧ񲻳ɡ
Ųһ磬кü˽ַΧסƺҪΪеŮͷַΧ档
ַĿһĺâɨȺһۣѩΪϴε¿н٣˰֣ȣֲѩʲôѩ°֣ȻҪ
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Ҫɡһ˶ַв˵ĮַΪ侳أ侳۷壬ַ㾹ſѩҲ
Ҳֲ㣬ҪϾһ𣬲֣͹ַĮ³һһһţַʵ̫ˣֱĿһУһϡ
ᡢᡭһֻʸ嵽Ⱥм䣬ַַ㣬ǿһѩδӣôݵ㡣
˵ջʸĿֿѩЦһˡ

Ⱥٶ̣ȫʸĻˣ޳ܻ쵰ѩδӣ
ѩסˣĿһâ˭δӣ
ٺ١ʸԴ·ЩΣ֮£һӡ
㡭ѩĿ⽩ˣ̫ɶˡ
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˹ȺҲֻۣǶĮĶַͻʸмˡ
̤ص¶Ƿϵɫ׷뿪ϣʵʶǿ̤ص˲жϳԼǵڼ
ܿ죬֮ϣֻʣˣȻǳѩ֮⡣
Ŀ⿴ʣµȺЦЦ͸ˣܹϵİˣԽؾ
˵գߵĿдһĨЦݣַͻʸһۣʵ츳ڣҪรˣȺסѵҪ̫ͷҪ̣սؾУҲˡ


0744 ȺӢ
ַҲ֪̣֪õ͵ϵѬգЦôĸɾá
Ȼһ֮ЦһȥϻħħʯѹħȻȴһ㲻Ӱ죬ܻһĮϢ˸оѿ
һնԣ̫̣ԵĲ̣Ҳ·ֻҪһ·ڰħϵɱӵأӵǿ˶η־
ڶ·ɱһΣһжعڱˣַԣһһͻơ
ڵַ㲻ȥ˼ЩҲû˼˵֮ϵİˣܽؾʮˣȫҪ̭ѩҲȺУ⽫һֲп̭µǣղŵ»δˣ߻µһɲǣ˲ֱӽַϡ
ЩĿ⣬ȫ䣬͸Ų֮⣬ղַѩҶִԲѣǶַ㡣
ĵ峯ַ㿿˿ƾǧӰΣȻҲ˳õ˵ڶֵһϯλ
λ˲֪ѩҶȽΣַָ㣬ûֱӶַ֣ΪǲڽַɱʱԼ漴ܵ˵͵Ϯء
̫ˡҲָʸĮĵ
˷׷׵ͷˣһҪȺȥ
ǣ˭֣˺ȥ
Ⱥ׷ŶԷͷֲҳͷǲԼ䲻ַԼʸµϲ⣬˰ʩ֡
ԸλҪк֮ǰɡղ侳۷ַָ֮㣬üëΪۣѩѩüüͷʱԴ֮
ԣǶʥŮ֤صԼλ֮ǰ㣬򣬱ؽܵȺ˵
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ȻˣԸλӦҲܱ֤Ұְɡһַָ߳㲻ԶĻʸȽ˺ȥ
û⣬һصλ֮ǰ˭֣ǱɣԼ
ûģ˵˵ͷĿɨʸĺֱš
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һ˽Ųһ磬ֱӳŻʸȥµĺţʸˣЯ亮ı˪֮
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ʸվյУһסȺ͸֮
סҽд󺦳棬ҪȢѩΪӵˡ
ʸһ漴˻صصıԵԵü硣
ղϵϢ͸һɺÿµȺŻʸˣöԸ
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Ų磬ĳַ˹ȥѩüмĴӰʱ⡢ʱǣһ׽͸
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ѩü廯ΣɫŤѪƮѩ֮ûаãַֻ˲Ϣ͵ǰɡ
һ˱̭ˡ
ȺĿ΢ЩӲǻʸöԸַ㣬ͬöԸղǿµٶȣ̺˷֮־У̺˽ķ־ɵһ֣˲ϢԷɡ
ַ㣬ֲͬ־֮־־־ǿΪߣѶԸ
Ŀ໥һۣɫÿҪԸˣһû֣ܵѩ棬̫ˡ

ʱһȺĿת㿴һ۵Ŀַ㣬Ϊ侳ء
áȺȲһ侳أ϶ܹԸַ㣬̭
һЩַԼʸûжеҲֵÿ֣ǲֻ֣˱̭ȻǺ¡
֣ϵֱ£ȥϣȻųһɿµķ֮ˣһ޼᲻ݵĽ
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ͬΪޣҾ޴ҸᣬԼȥɡŲ̤͸Ÿ߰Ϣ˶Ըַ㣬ܶԸܳгǿԵ磬ѩŻס
ҲΪޡַĿһɨ꣬˫УĽ·â㣬ôĴĿ
Ҳƽޣ㣬ˡ˽Ųһ磬յųޱȷĽ·ǧٱһַ㣬Ҫַ𣬶վڿµĽ⵱У
Ľ˲ӡҲܳΪޣǶԽֵ衣ַĮ£һɿµĽ־ţؼͻȻȫ޾Ľ⡣
¡¡ַϣ͸Ž⣬ԪΣɽ֡
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գΪ˽һ˺һ־СڽڣĽΨн
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ĻᶼûУкʸ̸ޡԳƽޣ


0745 ħͷ
ַ㱳꣬ƮŰѩ֮룬ѩɽǺ䣬ַ㣬Į䡣
Լɡַ³һղţһĮ뽫ԷֱһĨɱȻĹͷȴ£վѡˡûɱԷ
һ㣬ǳڸղһ̣ĸоôĽֻҪַһ֮ѾǸˡ
Ųһ磬ֱӿأѡ뿪
Ⱥһַ㣬ͷ𺳣һַԸӣһֻһ
ܶͬΪ侳صǿߣûнһǣֻܵһĿ£˻һˡ׵뽣ϡ
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һգ侳۷֮ʱܹеһж׿׵׵ڣʱ򣬱Ϊ䡣
˺һ谭˵֮Ρ
ˣöԸǺ侳زſԶԸĽ־ӦҲˡ
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˼ʱһϱŹŽЦ˻Ű£ѩİףվǣͺ֮ѩںһǧ˿Ҳǰɫѩɫİףϵ£סѩס
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һεİ˴ϯλУҲӦûаɵ֡
˰֮⣬ص۹мǱΪܹ˸ϯλУꡢͬýȴǽޣҲأ֮꣬ܺУ˵伮Уأƿǿǳ֡
Ȼºͣһ㲻ʵһѩҲûбֳĽ֮⣬ҲܶԸַ㡣
ѩԼ⣬Ȫһãʵǳǿֲ
ˣΪȫ侳أȺΪ̤ؾѡ
еˣǧҶ룬Ϊǰ˱Ȳ磬ֻ侳أóģȻǼϸ΢룬Ҳ룬Ϊɱ˲ѪǳΣգҲ˿á
ҴˣѩаĽ֮⣬ԣΪܶԸַԼʸˡ
⣬˿ûǴ󣬾ҪȥϯλˣȻҲܳǿĴڣܽ˸ء
ַ㶼Ѿ˰ɵעˣ֪ǧҶ룬Ƿַ֡ȺĿ⻺תһɫԴֵȻʵϣȻȴ͸ΣյϢǧҶ롣
ȻǧҶȴ·ûв˵ĿһûκηӦƽҲ޷еõʲôϢ
ҲпܳΪռݰ˴ϯλеһλá·Ⱥ֮ϵڶǿߣ͸żڴ֮⣬ͻȻɱĺܹһĨɱ侳صǿߣпܽͬѩһؾС
ղЩҪԸַȺɫÿˣǰǿǽķǳַ𺳵ʵȴĬ֪Ǻá
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ʱַΪѾȺļ֮⣬Ҫ̭ɱ⡣
ַȻתĺâǸղſ˵֮ˣҪһɱ
һ˲䣬ַеǹĮ֮˲˳˭ҪɱһҪղһ˿ڶԷɱĻбõȻ޴档
ħŵַ㣬ܲȶԷĻڴַڵħ
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Ųһ磬ַ嶯ˣǸտʼ˵Ҫɱ˶ˡ
һһɱ
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䡢䡢䣡һַϣҲַУģԽԽ
ɱַŭһֲħ֮ȻŶɫĳ۷趯ڵƻħ֮ƣֱӳǰ֮ץȥ
˽ŲһɣˣȻǿƻȴ˲併䣬סʺ
Źҡ΢΢£¶־ɫ˿̵ַ㣬䡢ÿ£ħһ
ˡˣ衢ħ
ҪҷŹ㣡ַ³һ̹ǵ΢΢һһ죬˵Դһᣬ
ɱַ֮תͫ׿һҪصˣħ֮Ű


0746 
ô£صħԡ·Ⱥַϱħ֮ɵͫ׶һ
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˵գĿգǻ͸ħĮַ֮㡣
Ҫɱңȥַһֺȵ漴͵һ̼䣬¡촫ĺɫħӡһӰɱȥǸղ͵Ϯַˡ
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ȫһˡַ㣬ڷħҪֹ
һְɣһɱ˴ȳȺͷʱЩҪɱַˣվˣ̼䣬һѹ֮ƬնסԪ͵ĺХ¡ǳ¡
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ַת͸ħ֮Ⱥɱǿҡ
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ıѩַ֮⳯ȥ֮ռ䶼·ҪˣһµĹȫַ㡣
ѩһŭ̼һѩιַϣ˲䣬ַ屻ѩУֻһ˲䣬ͱѩסˣȫѩС
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䡢䡢䡭һµĹȫַϣһֲȭЩ֮ҲɱŰַıѩС
ˣַħվô˵Ķ֣Щϧˡһȭͷ͸ѩַϣȺа˵һַȫ˰ɣȻˣûж
ͣһŰһǵıѩɢ¶ǺɫӰͫǣһſµħתϢȺģݺݵһ

٣һĮַ³һɼĺɫͻأȼɻ˳壬ֱۣͨ˲ȼЩȭͷϵȺϡ
һĲҽ漴һ֮˷Щϣȫһɻ棬µĻ棬һ͸żڣ·ħһħ
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Щصǿ߶ˣΪַֹ㣬Ѿչ־־֮־Լ־
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ûǴѹַӰͻȻʧˣ֮ϣ˵Ӱһιһһš
䡢䡢䡢䡭һ·һ˲ͬʱȺͿһӰֱӱ嶼ը׹뺮صУ漴Ϊһ
һǿߣַɱַ㻯һɫĹվգӰЩҪɱַˣȴѾȫˣһûʣڶݵһ˲䣬ַɱ
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ȥʱһ֮ȺעȫַϵһɲǣܶȻˣûа֮ĵ˸رԵ̭

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͸ſϢַ㻹վصϷȻ˿Ѿûڶɱˣ˲ˣַʵֲ̫ɱ侳أͨ侳صǿߡ̫ġ
ַɨȺħƺδȥȻʱĵĽŲһ磬ַߣַ㣬סԼ
ͣһϸ΢ߺХĵݺݵһӲ£ַɫ˲ҰףǣһѪ
͡͡ϸ΢첻ϵĴһȭַϣȵ߿
ϸµֱӴ͸ĵ壬漴ǰַ㣬Ǹղһƽ俪룬Ѿˡ
ġַݺݵһ漴·ϸţתأٴδĵ壬³һѪ
졣ַһ磬Ӱֱӽ׹§סɫ˼ֲ԰֮⡣
͡͡͡͡һ̶ϸ΢Х̧ͷܹһĳ˫ּȫ룬ϵĳ·ַĴ£·Ҫء
ǧҶˣȻһ־
ȺеǵӰһǧҶ룬룬׼ݣɱ飬ֻҪ˱ţɣرġ
ңѩ¶Ľ֮⣬˶ַ֪ѩڣǧҶֱӶºֶΣҪһν˶ɱ̫̫ݣҲ


0747 ַһŭ
ַһĻס͵촫ڰħ֮תݡ
͡͡ȻħɱϸµƣֱӴַڣȻȴǶ嵱У޷
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Ųһ磬ַ㽫ķصıԵ֮أʸԣ󺦳棬һסƬ̡
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ǲУַٵһ漴ȻתеǧҶȥâޱȡ
ǧҶо뾹޳ַܴڣɫ΢΢£ַķֲ
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ַɳǰ˿η޴ĺɫֱӴϿĳ¡¡촫·һħ֮ƴҪƬռ䶼֡
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ѪϵǧҶ΢΢ַ˫ӣڸܵʲôĿ־С
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·ȺĿⶼһǧҶͻ֣ǻΪַᵹùȻǿǧҶ룬ַǰԵôûзһͻַͿסǧҶʺǧҶ붯ãֻҪֱַǿţĲ̾ܶϡ
šңǧҶɳƣѵĴ³ȴ¡촫ַĲӳ¿նȥյҪϢ
˫ĿַƣǧҶȫǿ־壬նѾоԽԽˣƺһħͷ
ãǧҶ롣
·ڶԸʸĵ˸ܵϿչħ֮һ̧ͷͿַǧҶĺƵɵɫ䣬ǧҶ붼Ըַ㣬ƺˡ
ֱַȻݺݵ˦ǧҶֲʯź¡һ죬·һһ𣬿ײӲи˼£漴建ĳȥ
úݵˣˡ
ȺһһǧҶȫҵķѪȥξҪγ϶
㡭ŹҡǧҶж͸Ѫ˫˿˿Ŀסַƣĵ
ַ㿴δһۣŹͻɱֵʱ򣬽˵ʲôˣڣΪ󣬿ܷŹ
¡һµײ촫ǧҶֻоԼ඼ҪѾΣײҲͬܲҡ
ӡӡ˷ĺˣٶԸʸˣַ㣬Ʒˣ̫ˡ
ˡַ³һŭȵɱ
£޾ĽâɱֱеǧҶ屻ֱ˺ѵΧȺҲֱӱâ̴壬侳ذص˲һַͷŵĿֲ־ֵסַһǾ
䡢¡
ħϵ˳ٶȻһõħӰں˷֮־켫似ųȺ͸оһħЩֵȫɱˣһ¾
·ȺһĻˣÿ¡
Щصǿע⵽ַ㣬ӣеħϣȻúһܳɾʹ
ֶַ̫ˣÿһֶΣôǿڻһף˭赲ɱ˭


0748 İ
ַ彵ĵߣĿһɨˣ˭ַĿ˲˿Һַӣ˫ħ֮ͫ¡
ַ㣬ʵǿеһƴʸЦ£ȫû˿ħϵַ㡣
Ĳַ㿴İȻԼˣŻʸͷһȻŵ˵㣬ʵ
ħͫûַ͸Źɱ⣬ȺɻҵսţҪɱˡ
ַ㡣۾ܹоַеǹĮħ䱻ѹħʱܱһյĲпᣬ㲻Ҫħַϱӵħ֮⡣
ĲϣַħҲַΪҵɱ¾Ҫǲöк
ַĵĺϵħϢ΢΢Щعͷģֻʱɫɲ԰ףϢ΢
ַ㣬ߡĵĿż֮⣬ַ΢Ĳ£Ĭ£΢΢˵ͷϵħ֮Įʧ˲٣ַվĵߡ
㾡ˡַ˵ݸһЦ漴ٶȰȻıϣԼˡ
˿ߣҪͷ˲ֽͷû˸ַ㼸˻ữħɱ˲գۣ̫ΣˣǼų֣ȥƴһ
ѩҲĿַ㣬һħʱʵƺܿ£ַ֪㲻ħҪԼʵͬġ
ҵսƬַ̣һ˾ͽȺټһսֻܿʣ˶ʮˡ
ɨһɨȺʱĿⶼ΢΢һǸղŵĻս˭˭ֻ뽫Էأڿ
ѩû˻ᶯȻҲμһֵսȥ
⣬ꡢԼȪˣӣÿʵǿ̤ؾϣģѩѾռȺֻʣµ
ϸһǲǵĻħĮ꣬˵ԼҪȢѩӵĻʸһģңãˡ
ǰˣټˣһˣǲҶˣսʲôսս˭̭еһˣ
ʣʮ˶ע⵽ɵսƴŬͷܿһգֵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֡һ˿ڽ˳Ĭ˵ͷû˾ܾ֣ǿԼˡ
ŲŲƵһ飬֮ϣγһŹֵľ档
ѩȻ⣬·ûйϵһΪʥŮû˻֣֣ҪսʤʥŮ̸ס
⣬ꡢˣֱһӪһ˵Ӫ
ȪλãһӪʵǿ󣬺ѶԸ
ַͻʸģˣһӪ
ʣµʮˣͬϳһӪ˿̣־棬ڣʮ϶ɵӪҪԸĸӪ
ʮ˵Ŀɨѩǣɽѩ˫־ӵǿͨѶԸ
̺꣬ܶŹֵܹͨԳ棬ҲǼѲ
Ȫǿַħɱ¾飬ǺΪѣԥ׸öЩ˳֡
֣ǷӦðʱһֱû˵İɿˡ
ܲһЦִô
Ϊ˴νؾʵʤ룬㡢ҡѩбȪˣ룬ˣҲԣ˵ŮӣӦ̭һȥ
ɵ˼ַͻʸʸͬһؾʵУӦ̭ĵˣҲΨһʣµ
꿴ַһۣЦҡҡͷ޹ء
ν²ؼҪ뽫ַ̭ɲӦҲǸΣǷȥַ㣬ֻҪԼܹõ̤ؾѾ㹻ˣ£ûйϵ
ȪҲĬҲ޹أֻҪԼϯλܱ֤͹ˡ
û˵ɼԼʼ硣
鷳һǸأͽˡȪеӻȪˣɨʮ˵Ӫһۣ˷ʱ䣬֡
üͷһ漴Ц㣬ҵǲԡ
ţɿǼһۣ漴ַֿģЦŵǾһɣɡ
˵գĵӰͬʱʮɵӪȥ
ѩ³һѩľһ˾ȥֻ˲ϢĹҪ帲ǡ
轣국˵һоһ鼮͸ŵ⣬ָĲһЩȥȥ
һ֡Щɫһ䣬û뵽ǵԥ⼸ǿһǳˣ
ûġĮ˵ѩԽԽЩȺ۾һֱǡ
ͣõĽȺǺأͬʱȪȺУֱӽ˳·ѹȹȥȪĹ͸ŻϢ˲ˡ
սͻȻ俪ʼҲתۼ⼸˲õļˣսǳǿܿʮɵʱӪȫȥˡ
ΪͬʵϵĲ࣬ҲǾ޴ģַԱ侳صˣַ־׺ɱͬǿߣͨ侳֮˶ǲһ
ַܹԽһŶԸͬΪǿҲܻ׾٣Ǵ˿һ
ʤȺУѩɵ֮еģǧҶܿΪַ㱻ɱˣǡ
ַĺɱǰˣû˸һ߽ǰ֮ϯ
ˣǽʸص۹ؾС


0749 ˶ʤ
ߵ建ڿգصıԵ˿УǼöֽ棬ЩȺ֡
ѩɡꡢ䡢Ȫַ㡢ġʸеֽŵɫ⻪˵ַ֣˶һǳأȻǿһ֣ԷȻܹǿֽϵӦϣֽҲѰ֮
ȣҴأϲǰˣص۹ؾУػǽһϴ̤ؾ֮ǰΪٽһȻظǿ֧֣õΨһҪǣסǣص۹֮ˣһУΪ˵۹
˵Ļׯ£أǱǿֻǸ裬ص۹ǿص۹ܸǿһֱصõ۹ÿһ䣬ÿһޱǿ󣬵۹Ȼڲϵıǿ׳
һУΪ˵۹ԣԵ۹֮£ؽϧһУɱǡ˵ĻȻ÷жӿ˿˿ǿҵĺ⣬ؾһŬɲţֻΪ۹ǳ棬ؽ
ֽУǵһϢǻţǻвȥᣬ۹ǽܹһʱҵ㡣˵գ΢΢һǼöֱֽصУֽ漴ֽʧߵС
ûг棬û˻Щֽ֣ǲŻȡֽ
ַĿ΢΢̣漴Ȼأ׼صѡİˣŻ˵֣£ԣǺ¡
ֻһݶѣȫûбҪص۹ص۹֮¡
صؽȷʵ˾壬ܣЩǿǿ󣬶Ե۹Ҳҫŵ۹ǿҲһ죬ҲصУΪصһԱ
ܵˣι߽һŵҩַ㣬ַֽסл
˵գַ΢΢£ĵ˿ҩС
Ľҩ̷ȥ۾ַ㣬¶һ˿Źֵɫ
ôι˵ҩģмԹַ£漴ЦоЩ𣿡
ַһĨǸ֮ɫƲƲ죺ҩЧûзӳܲ˶Ԫ߶
Ƕɡ˵һ漴ŲƬããѩɽ˸ȥ
˵жһĨ˷֮ɫŲ߹ȥܹ˸ǽõصصǷǳ˷ܡ
ҷ㡣ַ§ģޱ飬Ųһ磬Ҳ˶ȥ·һѩɽ֮ʱַ΢΢£漴¿һɫӰӴֱַܳļͷ
ѩ˫Ưӿһۣмֵӣ΢΢Դ
ȻȴѩСצӣСϾһЦ⡣
һƬããѩ֮ɽУѩɽȫǴ׵ģǰ·˱һѩɽ֮ϣѩɽ˼ϣϵİѩ˵ĽӡȻȴƺЩ˵ľ˸
ַҲоԼ΢΢Щ䶳Ӳѩɽʵ̫ˣлѩƮ
ַ֣һƬѩס漴΢΢һգʱѩֱʧΣͺûгֹһַ㣬Ҳоκεˮ
õģ
ַͫ΢΢һѩǼٵġõģˮһգʧˡ
Ȼܹоѩ̺⡣
һ㣬ַоˣЩ˶ͨˣ츳ܿҲ׷׶֣ѩƺǼٵġ
Ƕˣ˵ĽŲһ٣ûշУڵϻĲߣÿһ̤ڵϵѩ֮ϣһѩͻֱʧõѩ
ȺҲ̤ƬѩǷ֣ϵããѩһ桢һ飬ǳ֡
˭֪Ƭѩɽζ߶ʵȺ׷ҡͷص۹ľѩǷǳѩһѩ޶е䣬Ҳڲϵǿǵĵֿѩ׺
գص۹ʼ棬ѩɽƬһǰ֮ãʼѩ֮壬֮ʱϿʼƮѩϵƮѩѩѻɽģһƬѩ֮ɽѩɽ־۹Ŀ٣ѩɽ˽յģ
ֻƽ˵ѩɽȻȺͷȴ΢΢һ
ǿߵһαǰ꣬൱һͨ˴Ԫ̫ˣ֮ѩѳɽѩж
ƮŵѩΪȻַһĿһתַ㣬Цŵ˵ͷַķӦܿ죬ܹ־ԶȻ
Եģѩ޵ܹѩڿƮеѩеʽٵѩѩɽƮѩΪǿѩޣѩɽ
˿ַʵ⻰Ҳ˵ǿߣܹص겻ϡ
Ҹտѩɽ֮ʱпȻΰȻ˿̿Ǵģν˶ʤ죬Ϊ˵ȻսʤȻѩɽȻɣΪ
ַ㻺˵˵һâﵱж͸һǿ֮ģ˶ʤ죬Լսʤ죬Żһĸ
ӣһҪϵħ⣬رһаᣬ־ӵбǿļ֮־ǿ֮ġ
ңַϣԼĹ£


0750 
ߴһ޴ķѩأǰһ򵥵ķݣԶ繬ݻֻͨͨһӡ
ЩһƬķм䣬һ䷿ҪķݶҪһЩƺһȺޣڰĲʲô
Щ޶ΪᣬڷݵǰһţһĴޣżдʣƺָЩ
ߴŰ˾˷治ԶǵϢȺɡ
˷׷ߵΪǿݲͣ˿̷ԸȺȻΪҪ
Ƭ̣ϵɨŵİ˵ӰһۣĿһ֮âһĿ⣬ŵİֻоһһɼϢԼҪǵ嶼
ַڵŲ£ǰǹӭıֵ֮סڻ޷ڵԪ޷ֿĹȻҪסġ
˪ֱ֮ϣ˵϶Ⱦһѩǵǰס
һǿĻ֮Ŷռ䴦͵죬Щϵİѩ˲ڻΪޣҲ׷ʹֶνİѩĨ
ѩʧ߻ָʱǾͿǵӰ˳ǵǰ
ˣӦҵ˼ɡ߶߳˵˵΢΢ͷ˰һۣѩˣ߸̽һʺ˭
ʹ㿪ʼɡָָɣڵ
վ΢΢ǷǰкηԸ
ȫҽйŰɿ˵ðĿ΢ͣ漴˵ͷʵҪԷǲܵģǰ꣬ܿҪ̽һǵʵΪΣѡָ
ǻҪúץס
˳ǰҪˡ
ǿĻԿֻ㡣꿪ڵɳصĵ˵ͷǰǿߣҪ֣ȫһҲ˶ԷֻǼһжǿ
á
ɴıȡǱɫĽѩ׵Ľż֮⣬ó־ѩ֮־侳Ϊǿ
һʱŰϵѩڿҵķ裬һƱ˪֮ѩϵĳĽϸǶȥ䡢
˫־ѩнɽŲһ磬һѩ˸нķѩ뺮䣬ĺ֮⣬жĸо
־ءѩ֮־أ˵ͷ޾ѩƮֱۣӽᣬɵĽǰʱѾڰյУ޷ѩ¡

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ѩ｣һóѩ˫־Ƚʺָ˵רҵ΢΢ͷ£ѩ｣Ϊ侳أ֪ɣˡ
ȺĿһȻԭһε̽ȻΪѡָǵʦǳҪʵǿ֪ǵʦȻʵҲǿ
ԭذɡŰ˵漴ֿ˺꣬
׼ֱ˳
͸ղһǿĹҳ֡
áͷһ긡֣ȻһõƮǣһĻַͫһ꣬ǺڰемƣԶûǰѤ
꣬ƺܾûзˣ֪Ƿʱҳ
飡˵ʱƮǰ翵ĸš
нͺһ֣ǡ
飡ٵһһâӡڽϣ·飬˵졣
⣡ٵУͷǿ־ŭХ
ϢҵĲţƺЩʼżǿҵ֮â·Ҫ̴תͨϡ
飬Գ棬ɱŭХһһƮȥ˲Ϣʧƿռ䣬𺳡
ţһ㶣漴һϲ֮ɫһģʱһɿµѩ֮Ҫ齣⣬ȻֱӴƱѩɱȥһǴɱ֮
һıѩȻɳ嵽ǰ͸ѩ³â͵һĴһͣһ漴εɢڿա
һϲɫǼһϲͨĹֶΣԴӣһܸȤ
Ŀһͣ侳ؾ磬Ǹ׷Ϲɱѩ｣Ҫ̬ˣ꾹ȻƼ֪꣬ȻԺӡ
ֶΣȷʵ
Ȫѡָ֮ˣһءһأԶ纮ꡣ
ֵ֮˻ʸ
ʸֱųĿ˸˷ܵɫҪǿ֣߳˷ܡ
Ӧô
ҪСˣҵѩ֮ȭûжù˵㡣ʸֱӿڵȺĿ΢΢һһǲǷӡ
ַԻʸķҲһֱҪȢѩӣַû˿
ңܡҲʸ˭ûҲĿһС
áʸ͵һ̣ʱصѩĳжȥֱУһʱ·ɫ䣬ѩľĿ¡
ôܡȺĿһʸԽԽȤˣһһֱģսսһֱɣûùȫѵʲô˵ͨɣ
һʱ䣬˶Իʸ¶ЩȤ


0751 
ʸſѩ裬У뵽嵱УƬ֮󣬻ʸ֮ϣһ֮Ӱ
ʸӰȺͫ׶һƺǶЩ꣬ȻƲʼնôѣҪȢѩӡ
õѩ֮Ӱϣûʸ϶һѩ֮ͷŶȴǳ䡣
һͷĵѩ
ѩ֮ȭ
𣡡
ʸһ磬ʱһɿֲ·ĵŶĿ£ȭѩѩ֮䡣
ѩצֱץȥĵϢ·Ҫ˺ѵ
ͣ¡˺һĴʱΧĿռ䶼·ûѩѩ
𣡡ѩŭ𣬽ǻûѩ֮ϰ˺ѵ˵Դ۹ȥҪ˺ˡ
áԴ΢΢һųһµѩ֮⣬˲佫ʸ嶼ѩҲ΢΢һ
𡣡һ³ʱѩϵѩɢڻƬ֮ѩ׵ʧӰ١
ͽˡŻʸ΢΢ͷһ˼ɫ˼һλѩɽеǿʺָʸһϹ֮Ϣ֪Ĺ̥
ǰ㿴ܲҺδһʸԴһҲû˸ղǹ֮
δӣһ㶡
ȿȣѩһɫ৵һ¾ͱˣ쵰
ţѩδӣһʸЦţѩѪĳ嶯ĿĶŻʸǼһɺޡ
áãԸ͸СѩɡˬʵЦҲһˣʲôʱѩδˣôѩɽϵ˶֪
ʸ˼Ҳֵóȫһܲ׷ѩҪʸıˡ
лǰˡʸԵø˷ܣתĿѩһۣѩҪ
˵ĿַԼĵϣƺʺϽܿˡ
ţһ˽ܿˣһǰΪΣַ˵
û⣬ɡַ˵ͷЩ˵УַΪƫ䣬ȴһˣƺһʡ
ַ֪ʵΡ
ַվŲ̤Ĳȴ·˿˿֮Уüͷһַʣ˶һءˣ·ʱܱ
һǿֶΣҡ˶ַǿһ
áַ˵ͷһѪʣһѪ֮ѩŶɱ¾䣬Ѫ͸˿˿Ѫɫ֮⻪·пѪ֮ϣȾŲ֪˵Ѫ
һΪȡõǿʦַָ㣬ȻᾡΪˣѪˡ
ƬռϢѪʵɲǼ䶼˼ַ֣ûн⵱һοˣһԵУɱ¾
ΨŻĴ塢ȫԸǿֻǿһοˣ޷ǿʵ
˵üͷһ˿֣ˣַ㣬һˣѪɱڣаͷûк˲һһģûн⵱ˣٵС
˫ͫףôĮ
ֲĽʼŰĽʶţȺֻо΢Щ־ڷ
һءءؽ־Ⱥͫ͵һԭַ㣬ӵصĽ־ÿֲĽ
һƺɫĻѪɫĽţ棬һ֮ɫ֮ɫ
ַˣҲһ뽣ϡ뽣ϣ˼ǽ
ɱ
ڣַ³һŰ죬ַԭʧˣѪһ̳ɱ
ͫ͵һÿٶȣ֮־
صĽ־ꡣ
ѩŭһѩĻֵۣǰȻѪһ֮£˲䱻͸ɫĻ潫ѩڻ·ûܵӰ죬ɳǰ졢һ̫ˡ
һĽŲˣһˣַĽ̫졢̫ͣ˲С
ͣ¡ֲԪͷţѩ֮Ԫ䡢ᣬѪ֮˲丽ű˪
ַ͡ĽųĻܣѩٶڻַһٶ˸һնɱѪ֮⻪ô財
ַڿˣս
־˵еľ֮ɫԽԽŨԶվŵҲ¶һ˿Цݣ·Ԥϵ˴˿̵һĻһǰѹ֮ˣصǿߺ˽⣬ص츳ܶ඼̡ѹأ漴͵ʵȥָ
Ȼʵ̫ǿ۹ⶾһֱΪذһҪؿ켸ȻΪ⡣
ȤƳϿץѩ֮־ͷţһѩ֮ϢĳŽԼַ˹ȥѪַҲ˲Ϣ˪ѩֶ
ȥɣһַѪƳȥǸһЦ⡣
ƣתħŶϸǵ˪ѩըѵ
ɱַŭһɱǿңѪͷſµѪ֮⻪Ҫնɱ
ţһ·ѩУƮȻˣַĽն˿մ
𣡡ַӰΣɱ֮
˸žâ˫ȫǱѩȻһϣѪƵС
֡һֲѩ֮⾳ַĽֶס͵һҪַĽ֡
ַûɿҲŽһתֲĻ־ٶţѩڻһ˿
ɱŭ֮³һµĽâѪ³˲Ϣǰ
ͫ͵һ峯Ų෽ƮâԻ
ȥֲȫ¶ַ屻ݺݵˣһǻѩһƮĺɫ˿С
һƺڷ̧ͷַ㣬ɻַϣޣڡڡ
ôĮ꣬ͻȻ¶һ˿õЦޣҪѰҵʿ


0752 
ãܺáˬʵЦûڼַַ֣Ѿùˣ侳ǿߣûпǷȫƴȥսȡһ˿ʤĻᡣ
ӣӵпµ츳־ңһǿ͵֮ġ
һԵ߿Ҳ΢΢Ц£ַ㲻ûʧָһϲһΣ˶Ϊ𾪡
ѩĿ˸ַʵЩˣǿƿֽ־һǿѹôĿˣ٣УַĿ˵ġ
˿Ҳ˵ɫÿͱ˵ɣһУǵһп˵ģڿƺı֣ġ
ֱãʸãַ㣬ҲҪ࣬ɫܲÿصʱ̹˵ģнĸص뷨
ˣοǰһЦʵɰŸѩ｣갲Ÿ˴ַ㡣
Ҵȥһˡ˶߿˵
ߵ΢΢һĨâ˸漴Цŵã㡣
㽫ǶǸȥĵطҡ
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ܿһ˱㶼׷뿪ȥ֮ʱ̲סعͷĿַһۣܺ棬ַ㣬ᱻõ
ȵǵӰʧ߾ֻʣַģԼڵϵѩ硣
˶ַ˵ͷ漴Ųѩɽȥ
ַģһ˵ѩǺܹɵַļͷˣããѩɽȥ
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䣬ĵ壬̲סֲֿĺ֮⣬Խһͨ˸
ǰ治Զܹһڵ㣬ƺһСᡣ
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޶ԣʮ׵ľֻҪһܹԽѩƺǶģȻƺΪѩһͷСżֵ׺·ָͨѩţһƬء
ǰ̤ѩţûֱӿȥǻѩţһѩߵ档
ַҲţһģ̤ѧУߵƬ̫ѩϣСǰ
䡣ַ˸ֻо嶼һ䣬ѩŵһͷˣƮѩѩϣܹ̾оһɼǿĺǡ
ĵ˲䶮ͨ΢Щ٣ַϵԪתϢĵ֣ԪϵĴݵĵϣ˶ԪУ
ľַ㱳ϵѩ磬ֻſַļͷƯ۾СݵУƺ˼ʲô
˻ǰСݵǰſСľ΢΢ʦ𡣡
ʦ𡣡ַ΢΢һˣȻԼʦ
ŮѩŵһȥɣﲻʺƺˣٹŲ١Сݵдһ΢΢ͷĿ⿴ַԵģ˿ĻҪַ㻤Ųֵܹסɺ˵ȷʺߡ
ȥַ˵漴ĺѩŵһˣǱߣʵ̫ˣַǿǣҪʹõԪѹɺ䣬֪жôǿҡ
͵ѩŵһַߵСǰվ氲ĵȺš
Ҳվǣû˵ƺܹԷںŬ
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䡢䡣ͻȻ䣬һǿĺĳַõӰһ΢촫ַӣʼڶ
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ַŭһֲĽ־ͷţǱıѩʼѿ·ʱըһ
Ȼ⺮ûüѿһ㺮Ƕϣ嶼סַ㶯á
档ֲĳ֮־ͻ־ͬʱš
ûãһУûãϵ׾ԽԽˣˣˣֻʣһ棬λһ
⣡õӰ³һ촫ַ¶Ҳ׵ıסַ㣬һˡһ
ַ㡣ѩһͷĿһ˵ֱվűַ㣬ô£ַôᱻġ
ǵӰӣַֻͻȻͱ׵ıѩС
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ϵѾǰ·ڳЦܡ
µĺⶳַЩľˣѪҺ·ڽֹͣԪ޷ˣһУҪ⡣
ȵѪҺԪȫ޷ʱ򣬾
Ҫ𣿡ַ㿴ϵףоԼôС˵Сòһ


0753 ħʥ
ʦ𡣡Ŀһͣĺʦ˼ڸʲô
ǵõӰûˣƮַǰǿµҪַ塢ַԪַĻǡ
䡢䡣ַƤѾڴܣ·Ҫ޾ԨУһۣܾ
Уһַڷź̫ûôѩ¾ˣĸĸΣգ飬ô죿ϻѪЩˣôܹң
Ҫ׷ϵϣԼѵȫƿء
͸ޱȼ֮־ַҧԼ¡
Ȼ˯ȥΣ˿̵ģǼȵĺʱܻ׵˯ûȥ赲һУʲôˡ
ſϵӰַŭ𣬱䡢·ĵȻһѾء
ѪҺ·ֹͣԪҲ޷һ˿ַ˫Įþ
Ҫ𣿡ַһô΢۾ġıϡ
ᣬ·Ҫ˳۾Ҳηη󽫻ᷢһС
ǽҪϵ۾·ֿգǱѩ˰ʥ࣬һЦǵȻַ·𿴵˸ĸڴ񣬿ҶĿ⣬ģƺΪԼ
ڣַʲôˣ۾ˣҲ޷
𡭡ַһ뷨һ˿ʣʶ׵ûˣ޾ԨС

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ѩ͵˵ַĿ΢΢һ˿Įĺ̼䵴Ȼ޴档
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0754 
ַΪ侳֮Ȼսͨ侳ضܹ׵Ĩɱ侳۷壬һսɱ
յ걾侳صΪʹòѪΪӲǽΪ侳۷壬Ŀ£ȻǰַͶ޵У޵Ҳַɼ侳صַһоеˡ
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ƮŵѩǱ̺żǿĺ֮ѩǼȡؾԪѩŻĸоַʱֱӽѩоȻڣУǿϵĻ档
ԽԽǿңַȫһȵĹ⻪תݣϣ·һ̫ͼΣ̫ͼȡҫۣͺϵ̫һʶĿ
һ߻գ̫·ҪⰨѩȥٻϵ̫
һԽԽԽԽ貣ѩɽ֮ϣһѤĲʺţô
Ȼ⺮ѩɽеããѩҲôܹͻƵ˵ģһֱϣûгƵããѩš
һագֱ֮һĨڽϿյѩһҫ۵Ĺâӿ̫֮⣬ַ塣
һ̣ѩɽȺ̧ͷŸ߿ȥ̫ѩɽǾȻ̫Ǻεȵ档
أʱ̫ǿˣ૵ɻĵѩɽĺ嫣һЩߵǰϹܶ˶ǲ֪ģҲϡ棬ûҪؾͱضҪѩ޶̫
⹦ֱܹӳããѩϵ̫Ӧȡ֮Ȼ̫ˣôơ
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ѩ߻ĴСַ߳ŵʵĻ棬΢΢˵ͷ̫֮û뵽ַĹ˵̫ѹֻӵл־
ַҲȷʵֲܿһľľɱˣֱӿһ㾳磬ˣ䶼ܣȻǰûħûħϣ裬Զ벻䡣
ַ㣬벻ѧ淽ͨѩ߶ַʵ
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лǰַ΢΢ǷӦǿߣԼһֶΪͻƣַѾǳмҪԼȥѣߵѣȻҲߡ
ߡһʱһѩ۶ɣ峯ſжȥ
ַһֱ̤ƬѩߵƮ
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ѩϹ̫Ҿ֪ڿյӰŻɫĳۣϵͼȫǻ档
Ŀַϣַо˶Էȡ
㲻ҪСһ̫档泤߶ַ㣬ַо·ҪһһĿУ͸ŻϢ
ַף˶һǿĻߣ


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ߵĿַתţ£侳صΪ磬䣬Ѿѵˡ
㲻Ϊ̫֮ɣѩһЦӦԷĻȴ߱ĵɨһۣ㣿
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ҲûйѩߣĿٶַϣ¶֮⡣
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šַ΢΢ͷҲûзϣǿǰҲ塣
ȫͷĻ־ҿ߿˵Ļѩ΢΢˼ַЩĿռ䡣
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侳صΪշ쾭ӵػ־Ȼ츳Ѿܲˣ㾪ɾޡϸϸĸϢ漴΢΢ҡҡͷƺ̫⣬ѩϹʲô˼ţ侳ָˣƺֲϹɡ
ô˵ǲӭˣѩ¶һ˿ϷʵɫûĿ˸һʲô˼
Ȼ͸ҵ̣ҲǵõһЩôΪ粻̫ȹ̣ѵղ̫֮ǸողͻƵ侳أ侳أ㲦ͻƵģ
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˵ôϻҾ㻶ӭǲӭѩǿӲ˵ûЩƣѩϹȻشҵĻ
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ҽӣ£漴ĿһŲһ磬ѩߺַ׷˹ȥѩϹ˵˵ʲô˼Ϊʲôȥҽӡ
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áվһҲѵָɡ
ѩ߲мɨһۣ漴ַ㣬΢Цַ㣬ϹۣȥҺڣѩɽĺܣ߿ɲֻһѵ˲ɡ
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͵һղȻҪˣͻȻŵĿֲ־ô
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侳Ϊ֮ʱѾ־ء־أԶ侳ȴֻл־Ҫ̫ࡣ
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˲ϢַֻصԭأʧȻߵĿһ֮־ڶء
ַ㣬ӵ־л־ǿء
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ַ㣬ղĳƺô㣬ôȥǷҲ̫ˣģûԻָѩ߹
ַ㣬һ켶似ǻԭһƻ漴ɻûԭ棬һУñȽʺջ
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켫似һδ̤侳޶ԣǼ似ˣֻš
Ҫ֪ͨ޶ԣ֮󣬲ſʼ־켶似У̺־ܹ޸õ
һ׼Ʒ켫ǿ߿֮Уߣͨ似Ҳֻ켫ѡ
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֮ױԣ棬ıԴ־ܼ򵥣ȼաߵĻַ£ȼգȷǺܼ򵥵֡
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˵ţһŻ漴һХԶѩɽɽ֮ϣһۣһЩѩڻ
ţַ㲻Ǻ⣬Ȼ˿̣ߵУٶһŻ棬͸ղŻ漸һģһ
ǿȺ͸ղŵĻȫһٿ˵һ漴еĻ潥Ũ漴ٶһǸղŵλãȻһ͵촫ǱŨΪɫĻ滯һµĹ˺ѩֱѩɽɽ֮С
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ַ㣬㿴ָָŲԶһѩɽڣַĿ⳯ǿȥֻ߼ַ㣬㽫ƬɽڣĨɣסֻ׼ʹó
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סˣֻȼյĻ棬֮ڻ˲һֵȥɡ
ַվߵѩڱԵһɽֻоѹһʯͷû棬ڻ
٣ַͺһѩɽɽȥȻȴֻڻ˿˿ѩ̲סҡҡͷ
Ȼַ㲢δһ̽ţȼšͬʱҲڲϵĸš
ɽʯɴǣѾˣַɽǰһƺ˼
ԶѩϣӰ壬ȻѩԼߣԣһλߣ͸ŷ֮˾ͺһһ
żὫĿͶַ㣬ؽ־ѵá
ӣҪٿˣַ򡣡߰˽һ˵
ָζ򡣡˵һҲ⣺ģһ
ַһŻ˲Ϣ۶ɣ漴ƳһŻ濴ƽڱѩʯ֮ϣѩڻ˿˿죬ǿ˺ܶࡣ
ȼաȼաַıԴ־ȼգҪ־£ȻҪȼֳ׵͸
ַ֮㻹ԭλãԡһŻ浱У֮ǰڲ֪бǿ࣬ǵʱ˼ʱ򣬱ûȼ־ڵεš
־ȼգҪûǿͱҪƿػ档ַ建վһʱһŻ棬ɽʯڰס͸һõĻ֮⡣


0757 
ս֮ʱʱʹһŻ棬ױ𣬶ʹһƻ棬ȴܽԷΪҶԻƿزʹǰ߻ȼ̫ǽȼ־ÿһζԻʹõУȻɣôʹûĹҲǿࡣ
ַӡ˱ѩ֮ϣһƻһ͸ѩУǿҲͬʱ˳ַÿһƻ棬һſµĻ棬һ壬ǰһֱӽһŻ涪ȥ
ڤǿ󣬳ѹĻ棬бڤڣҴͷβŬȼա궯ַзԼƽʱԻʹãҲԼҪֲͽһͬӵҪǣȼա
һƿֲԪŻһ͸ѩÿһ䣬ѩɽڵҲͬһŻڻȼţѩɽڣַĻ泹׵İ
ȼգַ³һûпֲıŰ浮Ҳûž죬ֻǱѩɽˮϵĻ£Ǳѩڻˮ·һСĺڻԽԽ죬л۳ɽӼ֮ơ
ַϵԪ˸£漴¶һĨЦ⣬־Ǻ֮͸ûֻһ֮ѣ˿ַĸܵԼϵĻǿ˼֣ȼ֮ԽԽֲ
ӣûҿϵˣѵ⣬ҪַԣôҲҪҺѩϹһɡ߿һĻϵıɳ¶һ˿Цݣ츳ԣͬѩַһַܿ侳ؾһĵ㲦ַһĺĳӵЧ
ַԼܹԼ츳ȥȥַıԴ־ȼա
ӱɽʯջأ˲ŵˮΪַͣȥɽʯڻҪ⣬ֻΪɽʯ־ѣ־Ѿ͸ҲûбҪڻɽˡ
ַ㻺תߵλߵǰŽ΢΢Ƿʾ𾴣漴Ŀ⿴ߣǰǰҲ˽ıԴ־Ϊȼգܹ־룬־Ӧòֻһְɡ
Ȼֻ˵ıԴ־ȼգÿ˵ܹͬͬ־֮ǰԴ־ܹǽ츳Ҫúö츳
߻Ӧ˵ַ˵ͷԼģÿһԪأıԴԴ־ɱ𣻻棬ȼգǰֽɱɱ־䣬Ҳ־Ϧ־Щǽ֮־˵Զԡ
˱ԴܹõԪصڣ㲻־ֱԻ湥ҲԱǰǿܶࡣ
һֱַ㣬˫ӼķַϾͺһһַ㲻òע⵽
ǰкηԸ𣿡ַŽʵ
ߡ߽Ųһ磬˲վַֻоֱһۣ߿סˡ
ӣɲӰ˸ڽߵǰסЦЦĿŽߣӣڰ಻סˡ
ôҪǿɲҶ֡˫ŭĽâŶ·͵졣
һ˲Ķ֣һϣѵ㡣˽⽣ƢѩҲЦŵƽʱǿûӵԭϽˣҶǳ֣Ǹͷβķӡ
ԣӣ˵ףַֻҪָԣһҺѩϹһ˾һ裻óһ۵Ľַͨ㣻оǣֵָ꣬㡣
Ҳûܹӵлᣬô᲻úñһ
ַԱһȻ͵͵Ĩ˰ѺЩˣƽҪһ涼ǧѣȻʹ츳ƺҲָɣҪǿͨ似Уտʼѩвߣһвߡ
ַЩЦãԼȷʵȫԸսõ˵Ͽɣ漴͵ѩѩλָ
ڶû⣬һСߵˣģĿ
ɡֲĵֱ͡
˸һ㻮ռ䣬Ͽճ
ѩͺһʱռ䶳ᣬѩֱӽߵ帲ǣߵͬʱ
ַ㱻һ𣬰ѩߵĻ£ֻоռ䶼׵ıס˶ãͷߵǿ󣬳־ķ룬һر⡣
䣡˺ѵȻһֲĻֱӳŽߺȥ΢ˣȻַȴѾ߸˹ȥ
ӣǰߣҲ̫ɡЦЦĿŽߣԱߵַӣȻ
ĿĮˣĬ£漴ҴӦǵ
ǺǣͶˣദߺѩ߶¶һ˿Ц⣬漴صѩϣˮԼӣѾΪ׼ˡ
һֱַĿɿڴע£ȥλ裬λߵ϶ʱҲ¶˺Цݣһ˵Ӱ
Զһѩɽ֮ϣվǣܹĿѩطһУʦʦǼӣɵÿЦá
ѡûʦǶϿַ㣬ѡַ㣡૵һ漴ת뿪ףǺ˵Сһˣ


0758 һ
ʱڲţתۼһµʱˮȥ
ѩɽããѩ֮УһӰѩ轣ǿѩ裬·趯һѩ񽣡
ӰĲԶѩ｣趯Ľѩͷһʱ䣬ȫ־ðɵĽ־Լѩ֮־һصĴ⣬񣬰侳Ϊ־ءѩ֮־أ֮ѾǼǿˣ¾ʥŮѩҲ̫ңԶˡ
͡͡һ֮ѩŽһĨ貵Ĺҫ۶Ŀƿռ䣬һ·űɱ֮Ϣ
ɱ⣿ѩ｣üͷŰɵзŲµĳ𣿡
ɸղͷŵɱⲻǽɱ⣬ɱУɱˡ
ţɹ齣ʣѩ｣¶һĨЦݣҡͷʦû¡
ѩ｣ŰƬ̣漴΢΢ͷû׷ʲôɲԸ˵ȻҲȥ档
תۼҲȥһ£츳Լʵش˴ѡİ˵УӦҲܽǰɣСĵ㣬ټôؾӦܹõһЩôҪúðգһҪסҪΣԲҪһҪס
ѩ｣˰һ΢΢ͷʦס
ʱڰɵԺУȴַӰղɱ⣬Ϊַ㣬ʵַûκεĳԹʶãȻΪַ㲻ǺͻȻ֣֮ϣַԼĺء
ȻȴַҪǿǿ٣ԵúСһܵĴûעԣĲƽַ㵱˼ĳУҲַûע⵽
֪ΣȻѾӵн־أӦ޷ٽһ˰ɡڲ²ַ˿Ρ
ʱַ㣬һƬݵıɽѩȵУ޾ĽݺХǹɿµķ֮·Ҫһжơ
ַֻ΢΢ţվһƬɽȵУȴȫǿĽַͷϿգȫǺХĽǧңָһ򣬴˴ε˵Ĵ̶
ʱַͻȻˣ˫趯ʱһҲ˫һ趯˫ָָ
һˣǧͬһ࣬ô뻮һ
ǧѣһǿĽҲȻַ㣬ǧĽĺһ¡ȫΪһ壬̫ˣЩ·Ϊַһ
򽣹һ
һֻ֮°ݵѩ֮ϣӰվǿַһʽҪɹ
ǧĽͬһͺǧͬʱַ㣬ʮʱˣ̫ѵˡѩ¶һĨЦ⣬ַıַǳ͡
ӵҪǿˣ侳ʱӴһĻᶼûСߵЦ˵ĿɨһĿޱĽߡ
Ǳַ켫ƷȻڿַʹѪʮǱͷѪʮӦñ켫Ʒַֻ㻹Ƿȱ޷־С
Ǿַ켫Ʒһ
ַԼȥ򽣣У̺ǿ־
䣡һ촫漴ַֻĽŲһ̤ʱѩر׵˺ѣɽµضһѺַۣ˫һζĳǰָȥǧĽ˫ֵĶƶš
򽣹һɱ
ַȻſµĽâ³ǳǧĽХͬһ漴յںϣ򽣡һ
¡һµ촫Ⱥֻоض·ݺݵ£ںϵĽֱӳһѩɽУ͸棬漴ѩɽһͷХѩɽм䣬һ϶ԿĹߡ
һƿɽ
켫Ʒ似̫ˣʮգ˵һʽ򽣹һַ³Ҳ˿˿飬ʱǿߵͨ˵пɽնϺȻҲһɽ̳˸
֪е뷨ȻѪʮʱ䣬ܹ켫Ʒ似ĵһʽȻʱ̫ˣ켫似һƷ侳˳мʱ⣬Ҳܿеһ
ǰַ̧ͷĿ⿴ϷӰ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ַ㣬ڽ־棬ûио򣿡߿һ
һЩҲҪչؼգܹý־ͻһأ뽣־ءַ£漴ͷ˵
ںһΪʱ򣬽־ڶأܶǿߣ־ԶûԽԽѣǳϦ֮£֮;ǸޱḶ́Ҫȥ㻹ᣬȽŸһһӡǰߣһܹơ
ƺַ˶٣˵ʵַ־ѾֲܿˣǰԼ־ֻҪʱ䣬аַ֮ʱַĽ־أصĽ־е¡Ϣַ֮ǽһ龰
ַ˵ͷҲûж˵ʲôʵȷǸоԼܹͻˣֻҪһЩʱȥԺеĽͿܹ뽣־أַҲףԽϣԽ־侳ǿߵר
һµʱִ̫ˣָʱ䶼ûУʵؾҲԺ֣ؾһЩȳٺúָһ֮
ѩҲ˵һ£̫ݣַֻ¹һͻȥ˴ʱ䣬Ƕָ


0759 ٶͻ
ַ㣬ٹգǰؾˣ⼸յʱҪ˭ָԼѩʱ䣬ؾѾԶˣǬǿ½ʼжǰؾ˰ɣص۹ȻҲ
ؾԲܴһμõĻᣬǬΪһ죬Ѿ׼ãѩɽ߷壬ҲŸԵ׼ѩ壬˴δӵ۹ѡţټѩһˣɰ˵Ķؾ壬ҲӦöɳ츳ڵǿǰ
Ȼԣʵ֪أ壬ֻصˣܹ֪
ֻ߷֮һ请壬壬Ҳǿǰؾ
쵽ʱˡַĿһâؾ޵ġɽ۹ˡˣ񹬵ˣָҪ˰ɡ
Ƭַ̣Ŀ⿴λߣļ죬ҪԼ
ַĻλ߶¶һ˿ɫǻһˣ»ץסѵõĻɣַ㣬ҪԼ򣬿ַԼǿҵţܹʱ̡
áѩߵ˵ͷԼúǲֺʱ䵽ˣٺ㡣
˵գѩ߶λʾ£˺Ĭһ߿ٹۿַԼȥ
ֱַϥһʱԼ統С
Ժļãءһ޽һ浱УشѣͷɽâԼ޾Ŀֲ
ã統УֻǱ޽ǣûǽ硣
ַڽϵѾӵˣȻã޽֮ʱ޷סͷĲսӵĽǣܹɫ䣬ֿµĽѾҪȥͷŻΣôǣȥĦȥĤݡ
ڲ֪УַϣһɿµĽɢŶ
ʱȫͶ롢ԽĹеַ㣬ԣ֪淢ʲôȫԺеľ޽֮ϡ
ģַһִˣһڴ֮ϡ
ˡһĲܵĿռ䣬ȫ޾Ľ
ʱ䣬գۼѩ֮ϣѩߺͻ壬һԱĿ񣬷·޹ء
ѩϹ㿴ʱǷˣַٲǾҪˡӣ˵һ
ٵȵȰɡѩ߻Ӧ˵ַһЩʱ䣬ڽؾ֮ǰһЩͻƲźá
ݡݣʱһϸ΢촫·нڲͣĺХĿһͣ漴Ŀ⳯ѩǱȥĽǿء
ߵҲˣһڽķ֮һ漴建վѩȷȥ
ʦ֣ôˣûпô߿ŽߵıӰ¶˼ɫ£оһ˿ӵ
ѩߺһʦ֣ʱͷ̲ס£Ŀⶢӵʦܣ̾Ϣһ
ʦܣҲ˳ڽʵҡҡͷѩߵ¶һ˿εɫ
ߣᣬʦܣ˵ʦ֣Ȼߣȷʵ˵ǿһˣΪ츳ҲΪִš
ʦ֣ôܹ㣬ǶףԸ请ĿǿҵģȷʦʱУ߷ǿ壬Ϊѩɽ壬Ȼʦ½ʧ٣ӴѶ请һû䣬ֵȥ۹ŵֲ˵Ŀȱַ㣬֮ϲһοҲ֪ҵȷûнΪҪҵˣڡ
˵ͣ£漴ּţַ㣬ܹһΪһĴˣ룬뷨һŻ˵ӣʦ۰ĵӣڸһͬ
ѩ΢΢ҡͷûĿһʦֲͬ˵Ļ
ѩĿⶢŻߣĿһһ٣ϣַ㣬ܹѩɽһͳΪѩɽΨһĴˡ
⻰ͷһҪַ㣬ΪѩɽΨһĴˣ
ˣȻ뿴һ죬Ȼ̸ס
ûв˵̸ߵƬѩȵϷĹַ
˿̵ַȫǿµĽ־ǵأĿ¡
ٸһѻɡ³һ̼䣬ַϥǵ΢΢£·ҪϢεУ͸о統Уȫ˽Ļ档
ҪϢĽļַϡ
һаɣʥ޿ɵֵΪɱ¾ڡ³һֱӲַ𣬽ܡɱ¾ڣ˿̣ܵĽޣĽƿһУնϲ񷡣
ƣͻȻһַԴֱէ롣
ơơƣһ־ͺĺĳӣַģһɿµĽֱ־Ҳ׵ķϿպȥҪض
־أĿһͣһҲ˷ӵԣַ㡣
ͻˡλߵһַҪԼָǿţˣַˣĽ־˵أһʵҲ¡
Ϊؾַؽ˴ȥ޴ľϲλԽԽڴǰؾʱҪˣǣ·𿴵ַδ


0760 
罣ĿַҲ¶һĨЦ⣬ͻˣ־أȻҪǿࡣ
վַĿڽϣ΢΢Ƿǰлл
֪ղͻƻһ˿ǽ߰һ֮붯ĽڣĽ־ֱӿ־أһһܰ־־磬ԶַܹģȻҲףǴ˿̣߻̫Զ
ǿߣվһƷ۹ǶĴڣߵ磬ǵƷ۹һ죬ѩСߵӰ̫ѼżȻŻһλ·û˻֪
лң㱾ǿҲﲻ㣬ֻǽѣΪߵҲѵõ¶һ˿Ц⣬δ̤䣬򽣵־صȵַ֮ʱһԽս֡
ԽߣҪԽսѶԽÿһΪϵĲ඼Ǿ޴ģҪֲֻпǿԣǿ־ȴֲϵĲ㣬ɸֲɱﵽԽսЧ
ַ㣬Ҳ˽־أǰؾʱҲˣұҪһؾɲͨĵطҲǻߵĹҲǻߵķĹʡʸΪߣӵܵˣһ֮رɫΪΪūͣ񼴱ѾΪż̺ΣҲ޷ԤⴧȵģһҪʮֵСģرҲҪڲΣǰȥᡣ
ѩĿ˼ַ֣վڻߵǰС΢ģ㴫ԻţһССĽƻ壬޾Ԩ䣬ڻߵǰԵ̫С
ǿ˵ʥݣߣͷҪΪͽ
ÿһͽǵλ磬ȫ츳ǿţȻǴҲһҲ޷ʱ𣬵ֻͽ֣Ѿһٹ⣬Եọָ̃Ǿζŷɻڴؽɾʹ
סַѩߵĺ⣬λǰϤĽ̵ַĻжΪܹõָλһǰûģ룬ʱỳԼǷԼ֮˵˶ˣŵԼ˵ĺãߵȴѡ
ױãߣӦǰѩˡѩ߶ַ˵һƻӶհѩ֮ϡ
ַ㣬ǵñԼһδ˵ĿҲһĨڴǳĬ͸ŵģϣ֮⡣
ַӼλ˵оܹǵ⣬ооĲζλľϹ漴Ųһ磬ѩߡ
ѩƮһѩߴַԼסĿַҲ¶һ˿Цݣ˿Ѿȫָˣҵõָ㣬ΪҲѾ侳۷壬ʱͻ֮ơ
ѩ罿Сڵܶţ漴ſȥַ㻹δ£ֱַĻС
ַ¶һ˿Ц⣬ḧѩѩë΢΢˵ͷ
Σַأеһ
ѾȫûˡһϢͷŶһҲûܵƵӰ죬ַҲ
ǰ߰ɡַعѩߡ
ţȺ˻ϣһȥѩѩߵ˵ͷѾǧﴫȥ˶ټ˵סȥˡ
ʱ˵סأҲַ˵һ̤ѩɽڲ֮أɡԼȪѾˣһĻָǵǿߣҲҪ˴请壬ѡİλŵҲȨͱɣݵһµָҲǼŵʦˡ
ɵָʦѩ｣ҲΪȣ⺮츳ȰҪǿҲôϹָˡ
ȪǿҲŴһʱҲой⣬ָʦǿġ
Уɵ츳ֻڵڶٳѩֻŵˣ֪˵츳ΣѡŶܲѩ｣а˵
漴ƿ֮ѩնѩǷѩɫȴЩ̫ÿ
Сѩôȵҡһ漴˾ͿʸӰŹˣѩҧгݣЩͻʸһνܾĥΪֻΪʸ̫޳ܣ̸߲δӣƺǣѩüбĳ嶯
˶һȻѵ⺩Ҳǰ˴֮һ
ڰ֮ڡѩʸҪɵ˵һʸһЦУһˡ
ѩ΢΢һûˤڵϣһ̫޳ܡ
СѩλǣȻҲѩ죬Цʵ
Ҳʶѩ䵭ĻӦ
ǰҽлʸԽҴ󺦳棬ѩδķʸЦ£ôǶѩü˽漴ЦһȤǸˣܹѩߣ츳ӹɣӦй֮
յУѩƮ䣬ԶһѩƮվӰһļͷһͷѩ׵С
ѩϵλѩߣʱλǿߵ΢΢һ漴ǵĿⶼַĵϣĿһۡ
ѩ｣Ц£˽İɣ츳ֻڱȪ֮ϣˣȻ߶
һޣĸһλѩĩáɵһַ͸оЩ
졣ѩ｣ͺһ˰һۣðĿһ漴㿴ѩ｣Լȼλǿ߷׷׿ǰǵ֮˹Ĺȥݼѩߣ


0761 ѩ
ߣ
ɵֱӽͺƱסһ޷ֺϵıҲøȤ
ߣַǰˣǸ߸ϵߣʦ˵ʦ󣬶ҪݼǿڣƽֻԵĴڡ
ڸղţڳЦַ㲻ײ౾ĩãѩ޽̵ޣȻʱֳľ̼䵴Ȼ޴棬ʣµģֻһƶľηԼַǿҵļʣƾʲôƾʲôַܹõָָʦȴ֮࣬ʵ̫ˣǿҵĶ⣬ѵַĲô
šѩ߶ż΢΢ͷĿɨˣɨ˰һۣðɸо·˲Ҫ䡢䣬ȻѩߵĿ˲Ϣ뿪ˣƺǿ⿴ҲֻΪѩ޵ԵʣĿбʹһɶ˵ĺ⡣
˰ɵǿҶʼ֮⣬ˣҲ¶˴𾪵飬ѩҲ޷ֹסͷ𺳣ѩߣȻԽ̵ַ㣬ִ请һֻѩһַҲ¶һ˿Źֵɫϡǵַǰĸ߰оܲûĸǰǰĮȻͺûнһ
ʦ𡣡ǰѩ΢΢
˶˰ɡѩ߶˵˵˵ͷʦ𣬰ˣ
áѩߵĿٶȿˣĵҲǻѩɽ򵥵˵һѩɽΪߴѩ壬ֻһ壬请壬ѩɽйأߴѩУֻһѩѩɽ
༸˵΢΢һѩɽߴ壬请壬ֻߴѩһ壬˽أֻǱɽһǶѡ
ͳһƷ۹İȻطǷ˶޷֪ǵĵ̵жǿ
ҸЩֻ˽⣬ǰ֮⣬ѩ壬Ҳֱǲλѩ֮ڵ츳ͬһؾУҲ֮ϲһЩСĦԲǶԼ˳֣𣿡
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һ׷׵ͷԭǰ֪ġĲʵģؾǿߣֻǰˣʮˣʮλǿߣһ̤ؾУݣÿֲǵ΢΢һ
ҲܹؾУӵжĻֵسǿǰС
ǰѩɡѩ߶˵һ΢΢ͷ
˵գĽŲããѩɽжȥ
˵Ӱͬʱ̤նУ֮󣬳ѩ⣬˶֪ѩʲôط
ããѩУշһʱȺڵѩð˶ͷ̾ѩɽжôĺ嫡
ǵٶȣһʱ֪ǿԽ˶ĵ
ң˿Ҳ֪ѩ壬ǰе;У˺üѩ壬һƬ޴ĵߡ嫣Ǹѩɽ֮ʱѩ壬ҪΡϡ
ڴ˿̣ߵеģһͨѩ壬˿ǵѾڰյУ̧ͷѩ֮ʱоѩۣ֮·ӡ졣
ѩ߷֮壬塣˻عͷ˵һ漴Ųһ磬ҡϣ嶥ѩ
˵׷׷ҡϣնȥֻɽ֮أһѩ֮请ԵҪ̫࣬úü˰п壬ѩɽ塣
嶥һѩأѩУңԶĵطһѩ֮ôϡ׳ҪĤݡ
˴̤嶥ѩ֮ϣַ̧ͷſƮƮѩ·֣ͿԴһжܹһָ֮ġ
ΰѩ֮ʱѩĵǰѾвȺһ۾Ϳ˵ĿЩȺΪӪÿһӪеȺͳһķΣǳͼǵݣһѩˡ
请˵ȺĿ׷ת请Ⱥʱǵɵ΢΢һͣ漴˵Ƕ¶һƷ̵ɫ
ѩ请壬ݬ룬֪ɺͳ˷̳请İ˶Ŀһɫ΢Щÿû뵽ո̤ͱ˳˭
졣ѩĺȵȺУѩʥŮȻʵϣֻ请ӵмߵĵλ请ӵĺӣԾֻ请壬ѩӵʥŮ֮ơ
߷嵱Уѩʹ请壬˿ȻҪվ˵
ѩ磬˵Ļѵ㲻ҪˣߴѩУΨѩ壬ű׼׽请壬ߴѩģҲ请廹ûиǼɡ
ٶȼʱ˶ЦǣЩƲ请ģǰ请磬ѹһͷֻ请ʦʧ请û䣬Ϊߴѩģ请ҲΪߴЦ嶼
ѩŲһ磬ʱһɿµĺ֮˳ѩ־ţҪ˵嶼ᡣ
ѩѩʱ˵֮˵ǰҲһ˿ֲϢţѩţѩıѹȫֵס
ÿѩ˲˵ԷǰҪ֣ŭıֱĳ
ߴѩ壬ֹԡ
һȥվӰŲݺݵһ̤棬ѩ裬ͬһĴ·һӰһ촫ѩ屻һƻ˻صԭأɫԽӵı
ǺǣѩѪʵ˰ɣȻͼ޸Ѫˣ请УҲ˱Ѫ㡣Ǻֿˣ


0762 һָ֮
ѩɫԽԽ䣬ˣù֡
ԣѩһУѪʵǿ请壬֮ûõóֵˣ޸Ѫɴ塣˸˵请Խӵı䱾
ƨһ׵ȺĿⶼ΢΢һ漴ѩһ˵ϣȻǻʸ
ֻʸ󲽿ŭĿԲȺȵѩҵŮˣһʸӡ
ѩĿһݺݵĵ˻ʸһۣ쵰
󺦳棬ǰ˵ʵˣѪųһ䣬ȥʵѩȻʸȴʸһʵֲܿһǿӲӻʸĿֲȭͷ
áʸǺѩĻŲ̤ĿⶢѪѪо·һͷŭš
Ů˵⣬Ҵ򡣡ʸһֱһԽЯֲƣ˲ϢѹѪռХпµ֮𺳣ʸˣҲƻһͷŭ
ţѪüͷһ壬ͷĳǹɿֲƸÿҵķ죬ƣǿ
üͷѪҪˣȻֻ˲ִ˵ͷô˵棬ôˣ
ҹȥŭһѪȭͷԵĺɱȥһõȭӰʸȭͷ
𡭡һŭ֮·Ǵӻʸ͸ģһ·ΪʸһɿµƣĵĿһȫıѿȭͷ˳ȥ
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˵˫ȭײһ飬ȺֻоһƬµ쫷磬͵촫𾪵Ŀע£ֻһѪĽŲѩϻΪĦ͵졣
໡һŭ֮ХȺĶĤȺ𾪵ĶŻʸһÿµڣѪС
ߣ请ܵУһ˶ܲˣν֪߳ܡѩ˵һȺһɫÿ
˵ղŻʸԵ֣ѪִٻӦвĳɷУȻһȭѪǵĵȷȷıúˣ޻˵
ʸЦ£Դ䣬ȷʵô
͡Ѫʸ⺩ĻֱһѪ˿ʵϣʸǿֲ֮ȭѾˣ̫⣬ȵӦʱѾѡ˵ĻͲ⣬Ϊ䣬˶ֻӲĳⰵ
𣬼ȻһˣҾһˡһڷ请ɫѿĵʸֲ请ǿģŻǿʸ
ĿһɨȺĿⶨַϣΪַΪҲ侳أԵСߣַ侳صϢƺ̫ȶӦøոտؾ粻ãԸ粻֮ˣס
ѡַ㣿ʸ˵ģԷĿⶢַ㣬ſҲˣ¶һ˿õЦ⣬ַʵǸأ˾Ȼѡַ㣬ѡûʲôҴ
ѩ˵ַҲ£漴Ĭԣַʵɡ
׼ˣڣҪ֣֮ˣɲǰ㱰ɣҪսҲҪŷ˵ȻָղŻʸѪͻȻ֡
Ҳˣ请ǿߣʲôˮƽ˵գһ¡¡촫ȭͷ֮ϣ͸ſµĴ͸бѩ־ַϣҪַ嶼ᡣ
ַ㿴ŶԷһâƻֲָ̧֮Ľ֮ǣĿ£ȻΪַѹƵԵʣµķ֮ԷƸڸסˡ
ŭһֲ·ҪһжƷַ̧̼䣬һһеĽ־ָŶΨܹĸܵ
ַָָ͡͡˶ԷİԵȭУ˺һС
һҽ֮˵ȭͷ˲˻ȥҲ͵ֹסǰ֮ƣ˲Ϣ˻صԭأֻԼȭͷͷϵźˮ
ΡΣ϶УѪڵıѩ֮ϣ̼Ǵ׵ıѩ֮һֽ޵ĺ죬ԵøĿ
Ⱥ׷̧ͷĿⶼַϣһֱĬ꣬־ˣһָԷֲȭƿöԷˡ
ȷʵַ³һöԷĿһֻоϻģͺ˦һصĶ⡣
Ⱥɫøѿһ䣬һȭˣһϣֻһָˣ棬׵Ķˡ
请壬ѡİˣƺأѩϵȺЩŸʽװİˣҲû˸ղŵ֮⣬Ψʵܹõأ磬بŲĵ
˼请壬ҲĵסһһɫӰдɫεˣѩˣֻǲ֪òѡİˣܻŻ
˵ƵᣬȻڲȴ͸һɸ֮߰⡣
ѩĿɨһۣһȴûпڣ˵꣬ѩһ䣬Ī⣬֪
ѩ壬ӵмߵǽܼ̳֮λôѩɽҲΪ
أһ츳ţӳ̶ȳߴѩĵλѩʵı䣡


0763 һУΪ˵۹
ַ˵ĿͶһɫӰһ֮վȺǰӵǣ£߸ϡ
ˣ֮ΪһλѪ壬ұѪ߳ࡣ
塣ַȰˣ˵¶Į֮ɫҲ¶һĽ֮⣬ƺĽЩĵӣҲΪеһԱ߸ϣ请裬ͺñȰɣ뷨
请ѡŲ请ĵǲģŬǿҲø请档˵һٲȻżܸ߰ܿδ䣬ҲζſܳΪѩ䣬ھʡ
ַĶȴԵòôˣ˽俴˾ĻȻģȻַ㣬оû㡢ҶһѩĵӣҶƽĵλҪߣҲûʸֿǽѵǰɡ
壬һͽѵͬΪӦҲ֪ǷūʹȻĳЩѾԼ߸ϵǰַ³ȺĿһַ㣬ڷūԣô󵨵ļһѵΪԼһͺ˲
üͷҲһ£˫͸һ֮⣬ַ㣬·Ҫַ͸
ţַüͷһ壬ĿоâеĹâݺݵһ嶼΢Ļζ£̲סˡ
ߡַһĿⶢ˾ͨҪ͸ӦʲôֶΣֿӵֶҪΪͬУַ㻹Ϊ˭ܹģһŭ֮˫ܵ˷ɡ
ţȺһĻ΢΢һƺĪĿַ֮㣬ǿ̶ȣӿ϶κŶԣַӦñȫ͸˰ɣȻôͻȻıˣ
ܿâ˸ַ㡣
ˣҵĿͨһαͬϣңѾӵĽ־ڵأһӦصĽ־ϧûп֣ǿļһ˲һνؾ请һİ䣬ѩ
ڶַͬʱаַһ漴ĿתȺλؾúŬɡ
˵գ˵ȴ˼ַʵӦܹѩеһƴ
ȴɻȻתƻ⣬ַôˣ
ַֻԼһӦÿһЩߣˣѵҪԼսɣѩСĦԣȻսѩǰ˭ý
һԵ˾Ŀ߷һĻĻطΪߴѩ壬ȥֹѩ֮ײ뾺ֻھвܸĴٽһĳɳӱǿ߳ɾѩλ̭
أдûоûоûǰĶȻ磬ֻ޵ĵطһж
һΣ请壬ɲôܵˡĸаοԺѩʸЩˣ츳ǿ󣬾Բηѩǿߣַ㣬ܹѩĴڣв²ַ请İ

һѩƮʱѩ֮ڣһӰ̤ۣѩ壬ѩ뵽ţԵмɷ֮⡣
ߴѩ壬˶𣿡ߵһȻȴޱȵÿһ˵ĶС
ЩڶŹ˷׷׹ˡ
š˵Ŀɨʮλ꣬Ϊĵ˵ͷ
أֹ໥ľΪܹӵѪӵбǿĶ;ģ֮ԷΪߴѩ壬ҲǴ˳ԣƽζԣұҪǣ˴ǰؾУɲЩصţǬЩһ㲻ԣؾǱ㲻ǺԼ˶ǺǶˣҪεļסǣصˣһеĶԹ׿һߡ
߻˵£ؾ͸ǿˡ
ҵĻ𣿡
ѵ˷׷׹˵
˵˵ͷ漴ָأ΢΢ӣ£һУΪ˵۹
˿˵ĶҲ̧Լ֣ҲˣǶַǰ΢΢ׯ϶£һУΪ˵۹
һСΪ˵۹

ׯ϶ʥѩصһ֮ӦòϢȺԺУ·ȺǵʹһУΪ˵۹صʹڶεļңĿֻһΪǿΪ˵۹ǿߣʹУһֱ֧Ӵĵ۹ص۹ǬжǶ
¶ׯϵַԺлصţҲ΢΢ԼǰĬһһУΪ˵۹
һׯصʹУʹӵһħȾÿһˣһССϸҲַףص۹ǿżȻʹܹȾ˵ġ͸˵ֹ꣬ȣ˭֮ܲģõ۹ˣǿҵĹ֮ġ
ߵĿⲻ⿴ַһۣ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ȼ˸ղַΨһûͬһȻվҲȾˣص۹ħڣܹòص۹ҲҵУص۹Ϊҫ۹ɵŲŻԽԽ࣡


0764 
Ŀ⻷Ⱥһۣߵãλţ׼̰ɡ
ȺĿ£ҪˣҪǰؾˣǵУΪǰؾѾ׼̫ãһΣһð֮ã˻ҲʱǿҵΣҲǻصص۹ʱ򣬽ҫøӵļ͡ǿ󣬵õر
ֻǣԶؾزƬϤأϤѩɽ
Ȼ˵ж˼ûӱܣԼѡ·Ȼѡѡ˳ǿߵ·;ȥʵǣΣעն̼ߵϷˣ̤ǿߵ·;
ߵĿ⻺̧յУ΢΢оٶ𣬶ʱһɿµѩ֮⾳٣еѩͷ趯Ѥˡ
ѽԶ֮ؾҵķѩ·𶼻һµУĺХ趯š
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ַĿ΢΢һ̧ͣͷȥ漴Ϸ·ͻȻߵ׵ľ޴ѩɫӰ޴ѩ֮ĴһƬ쫷硣
ͷޣĿ⸩·ȺĿǽӴ֮ʱо·𱻴ʹӥӣ÷͸֮ĮҰӵ˵ǻۡ
ѩӥߵ˵һͷѩӥ˸̼䣬յеʧˣߵӰ˵һ
ͷܹΣڻεʱѡ˰뻯Σɱ֮ûȫΪˡ
εͷѩӥ󣬻Ĵţǵ壬Ҳ˵֮ϣѩǰһѩ׵Ŀյء
ߴѩ壬ÿһѩΪһ飬ѩӥǰؾٶ˵ֻͷεѩӥֿŶ漴һٶȻΪޣѩ֮ϣ׼˴ȥؾ
ɡ³һ˶΢΢漴Ƿ׷׳ѩӥȥѩӥĿ񱳲ÿһѩ壬һͷѩӥ
ˡˡ˸쫷ٶ𣬵ϵѩҵķ裬ͷѩӥȫն𣬷ҡϣ˲Ϣ֮ߵİ֮䣬ѩ롣
ˡַĿ⿴һ۵棬ѩǰļӰ̧ͷǣ¶ڴ֮⣬漴ѩӥʼ㿴ѩԶȥ
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ַĿ΢΢£ֻʮλҪ̤ؾˣͷѩӥûˣҲûһ˴ӣ֡
ܿͽ֮£ȻԼĿǣܻʲôġ
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ַŻеѩ磬һҵķϣɲôܣٶȣֲ̫ˣѩӥӵóٶȡ
ѩСַĻӣ΢΢ҡͷ鶯Ŀ͸żϲ֮⣬ƺΪΪ޶˸У෴ΪСΣܹһֱַϣγһ֮£еЦݣ֮ǰࡣ
ȻѩҡԼСԴַ˳һǿԪѩУϮ
ܵů֮⣬ѩ峯ַĻ꣬ƺᡣ
һͷ𡣡һַĿ΢΢һâһš
Ŀ⻺תַ˰ɵϣֻʱİĿǰûпһƺղŵǴ³ġ
ں˭˵ַ͸һĮ֮⣬žǰİɣĿ⺮䡢һ·Ҫ˶ʹ
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㻰ַһ纮һֱ̰ɵͷðɵ΢΢һͣҪӱܣҲӱܲˡ
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ַ㣬ҪǴеĿġѩַ㶯ŭ䵭˵һ
ַתѩϣ΢΢ſ漴³һ㣬ұ졣
ѩĿ΢΢һɫԽӵѿʱַ͸һɱ⣬·Ĵŭ˰㣬ûˣ˵飬κ˶С
ѩ˻ʸһۣȴʸѩӥıϣ΢΢ţͺûпһĺ޵ҧҧ
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һΣҷŹ㣬һΣعҲҪ
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0765 µ
ַֻɿðɵأĿô䣬Űɡ
ڿе˫˵ϣĿɴѪĳ죬ɫࡢѿеŭ޲ýַʬΣȻֻҪַ˫ӣо͸һ⣬ŭԡ
ַʵ̫ˣԸ̫򵥣׾٣˲ͽסҪɱһ
ͬΪţеĲ࣬ȴðɸеһ˿
ѩ֮һ请壬ͳַôһǰؾô࣬жţɣʲôҲŵŻ֮أǸͨˡ
ɨ˰һַۣŲ̧𣬻Ļصԭĵطϥûٿһۡ
һù°ѩַһۣҧ֣ΪʥŮһıַʳҲòһμַ֮ʱһ˪
ҲµַһۣĿⲻɨַ㻳еƯѩַ֪ѩǺιϵС˵ӣֻһ仰˵ҪɱɵĻһ̵ַ㣬Ե¡
ЩȺУֻ֪СַʲôϵַַֿΪٲַҲЩħɱ¾Уǵж˭ܴۣ
ĸҿ϶˸ֱѩ磬ǵѩɽǿߵ棬ַ㶼ᱩɱˡ
˶һĬѩӥٶȼĿ죬кֹʮʱ䣬Ⱥѩӥ֮ϣ֪ԼԽ˶ٸԼϵİͼϵķŶЩСԼۣȻżҲԽĹȣ͸صƲ㸩·Ρ뽨
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ֲķȺϣƲ䴩һ۾޷ĿǾؾԽԽˡ
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ÿֲȺҲܵɿµĿⶼһôǿǸоҪϢ
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ַ㻹ȻȴڴʱȴǺ۰׷Ůӵͷ־Ȼĸ壬һҲû˺˼СģһĻַԴָһ˿ѡ
ԣôԷϣ϶ʶԷַͫ͵£ͻȻʶʲôղ̫ˣڶЩǣȻô򵥵ĵˡ
ĿӶԷȻʱƺͺ۰׷ŮӺǰ㣬ѩ׵צŶԷ漴ַЦ£һĻַĳ׷Ǻʶ飬ʶ˿µǿߡ
СѩǺαأǺ۰׷ŮӸѩоһ˿֮ɫȺ󣬾Ȼ߳˺ڷ룡


0766 ѩ
鿴źŮӣص졣
ߣŭܲŭɫɺ䣬üƯѩףֻڷŭ֮ʱŻźۣǹȡġ
ղ飬ȰҪŭ
磬ҪΪˣΪβһȫΣڻν׶Ԫ֮ûǿĵҩҶ޷ף㻯ΡŮ̾Ϣһüͷţ֮飬ҲҪȫβܳˣ෽棬Ҫƣ츳ܹġ
ͷʣƺŮ˵һι¡
֪ӾѾЩ귢飬ֱ㲻Լȫǿл壬Щ๥ŮӵԽԽ̧ͷĿַϣâ˸ַֻоԼһ˫εĴֿסˣ޷Ϣ䣡һɿµϢӺŮӵŶַֻоһӴѩ֮ӰԼѹȹǾ޴Ӱѹüá
ַ㡣Ŀһͣ¶֮ɫҲû뵽ѩ羹ǿѩʶҹϵƺĲһ㡣
ѩ֪᲻ַ㲻
ءź۰׷ı𷢳ʵ죬ȴ壬ȥ
֪˭𣿡ѩ֮Ӱ³һ·ǳ
ַ֪ҡҡͷվǳǿѹȻһǿѩӦˡ
Ҹ󡣡ѩĮ˵ַһ飬Ȼǿ߸ġ
΢΢ַѩŷĵ𾴣ил飬˵ӦҪһĸס
磬ѩһǿѪӵߣѩ磬ңػߡѩٶȿڣԽԽ壬ǳŽᣬǿѪߣһֱػţöԷϵıǿΪػϡٵѪԸԼ
ػ磬Ϊ㣬˵Ҹγ㡣ѩԽԽַĿӴվñֱһָģһ
飿ѩһȡְɣûУԭҪƾʲô㡣
ַ˻ԶԣûʲôʸѩĻ飬Ϊܣű裬ر塣
˫ֽգַӵеģΨһžġ
ԸߣˣŻģԣ˵òѩٶ³һĮַ֮Ŀһ
Ҫں治ϵҡͷŶӲȿµǿߣҪɱַ㣬ûֹܹˡ
Ҳַ㶢ѩĵ
ѩ̳
Ҳ顣ַûԷĻһڣ·ʲôڿ͵Ĳһɿµħ֮͸
ǰұԿҪһҪ飬ֱָΣϧһСַϵĺԽԽǿħϢıÿ
Ϊӵħܹҿ⡣ѩ̵³һ漴ſ죬ŭХһֲַݺݵĲ·ԵԺл죬˵˼άǹ˪Ϣ˶ס
ǿַѩǰûеֿ
һƾ޴ֱӳַѹȶȥ¡һ죬ַֻо͵һڷڣԴ졣
磬һȥɣһ취ָġһԣ۰׷Żе鿪ڣһֱʵ죬оۣͣں˵ʲô
ɫϵıţգҲֻε̾Ϣһ
ѩ֮Ӱʧһѩ׵Ĺ⻪һ漴ַֻоһֱۣϵңѪ
һ貵Ĺ⻪ŶַֻоԼ·ʲôϵ㣬Ȼ˿Դγģ֪ʲô
㺦ˣұɱ㣬Ȼ˵ҲˡһΣ˵Ҫһ𣬵㵽֮ڷңҲ硣
һ˴ַĶУ漴죬ȴԶȥ
ȴַָǺ۰׷ŮӣѾʧ飬Ҳ뿪ˡ
𡭡ַ³һˣ޺Ŀ죬ĶʧӰ
޿κΣΪʵУҪ߱뿪
ַ㣬ҲΪã㵽ȥҲһĿַӸоЩ£ַȰһ
촫ַ˫ȭգ䣬һУһҪΪͻƣ䣬ȻҲ׶ԷߣȥΣա
𡢺𡭡һַ֮Ŀһһ漴ǰһѩѩУüͷǿ˻ţֲַ㶼Ϣĸо
ѩŵģȫַͷһܹоԼѩϵǺ۰׷Ȼ뿪һѩ
ͷԼֱϵѪӦþǸղһ£оԼʲôϵ˿ϵ׵
һ顣ַа̾ȻΪȡģѩǿߡ
ұ졣ַŭһ˿ܲãȻһ£ЩȻŭַ㣬͡
ĸƣ޻˵ڣǾһСţɺޡ
ַ֣һʱѩС漴


0767 
ֲɢ·֮ҲƼգ汻סȺͷյĹͺ㣬϶һĨЦ⡣
ղǹ̫ˣǶ棬һͷϿյĿ·ҪϢҶҲҳȥ
ЩŵˣͷѩӥһвҶ
ƼգʧܲϲͺǾһղǹɿµֱӽǸûɱ
ַֻվһ飬ַĿⶢԶżĮ֮⣬ƺԶʲôע㣬Ⱥͷɻ֮⣬֪ղַ׾ʲô
ӺζΪͻȻɢȥַ㣬һ֪
ˣͷСأʱǷһֱϲַͷСӰʧˣǵĿⶼ΢΢£ַͷѩ޿ǷǳӣΪֱӽɸɱˣ˿̣Ȼʧⲻò룬򲻵ѣַ㲻С뿪ߵġ
ѵΪɿµ˵Ŀ΢΢̣ǿֲǳСֲ̫ˡ
·ɡһͷѩӥ³һַعг̾һȥ롢ڣΨ׷ʵ
һ彵请ѩӥıϣѩӥչ磬·ղǿµͷ޷⿪ˣַҲǡ
µĴزϵıţɹȣתۼʱȥȺѾ֪Լںδˡ
ѽѩӥһХ漴帩£¿նȥȺͫ͵һѵҪ
ؽıѩӥǧ׵ĸ߿գ·һĿȻ
޼ʵĻϣȫɽֺദҰ͸һƻĹŵϢ·ƬѾƾ¡
ˡ
ʱȺĿ΢΢˸£ֻԶǿ߹ͬǿޣϵӰһᣬȻҲĴ֮ˣǵΪһ⣬֮£֮ۡ
ЩĴһϢѾ۷壬ıݣ·ʱͻ̤䣬ֻһ֮
ʹΪȴЩһζǵ츳ˣûЩǿҲںܶ෽涼ЩţȻҲԼƣ죬Ȼ޷ݣΪѾ侳۷ˣж꣬ȹ̡
ǻһḡȻҲһֳ徢Ϊͻ䣬ľ⣬ûǿ־
˽ؾвͬѡѩ壬ѡһţǾмĴЧǵõ˱ҲԼ
ЩȺҲصȺĿ⳯߿˫ײ·һɷϢƿռ䡣
ˣΪؾǣΪˡ
ص۹ˡǱϳѩˣѩӥѩ壬ȻǬϷص۹ˡ
صȺȴ֪ԺδЩվʶ̫㣬Ǭ޼ʣƷ۹ʮˣֲԼȻ츳ڣȴ̫㡣
ͷѩӥĿ˸֪ԷһȻȴûпڣ˫ͬİ·Գǰɳۡ
淽˳̤Ⱥǳ˫սս֮ȴųɫۣӴ߰˶ԵøĿѰ֮սӵл֮Ѹ͵ٶȣӵоӵһѪ
ȺĿ΢սХ֮¡
ս֮ϵȺһΪư·߸ϣ͸һɻ֮·λ㡣
ЩˣȻȻ֮ˡ
ص۹֮ˣص۹ӵޱѩ壬ﱻΪأص۹ʥأЩˣءһǿǰ˽˵ʱȺ΢΢ͷص۹ҲЩţǿһ
ص۹ʮˣҶǿߣΪͶ֮඼ǾأȻܲһ㡣һ껺˵վǣ͸һĮԵ֮⣬Ŀˡ
أôءǿߣȻ򵥡
껰µʱͻȻһޱȷĿ⳯ȥüͷһâ
˳ǵ⿴ȥ漴Ȼһ嶼΢Ĳ¡
ַ㣡
³һȻѩ̫ӣ޵
ַ㣬ѩһ֮Ȼַֿ㡣
ţȺĿתַϣˣַ㣿
ַǷǳ˵ʹħħǿ߶뿪
㻹ûһ³ֻһǿĿǿϢַ㣬˺Ȼǰѩһ˵ǿߣַħɱУȻûúúõģңصһ
ַĺ䣬˷Ķˣһ޵ɱѩµǿߣҲҪɱлᣬ壬ҪЩѩܽȻܽȻˣܷŹ
ʧˡַ³һ֮漴Ŀ⻺תûٿˣڵҲɱ˶Էӡ
ɫѿޱȣ˿̵ַ㾹Ȼ˵ħѾ˳һһ֡
뵽⣬ɱ˸ַܲ㣬һܷŹ


0768 
޵ɫҲѿַ㣬ȻûҴħнָ糣˫ӣӵĺˡ
ѩȵַ̨㵱˵ѩȹھϯλʱܵǿָΪ٣־ԽԽǿĻ߹ǰǿ౶ַ֪ʵˡ
ѩ¹ֳַħҪɱĳǼĿ¡
ܲܳô˻ɱߵͷǿǰ˵˶ַ֪ĴڣǽؾַĶԹַ»˲ˣûַ㣬Ծ󻼡
Ϊѩɽ˶ɵ𣿡ǿߵƳһۣЩҪؾģͺЩ츳֮һŵĸδϣôױĨɱġ
ͷѩӥǳʵºǿûЩѩӥҲûڰб
˵˵˲ȥȻҲףҪ˴˻ɱַ㣬̸ףص۹ˣֵܸĻᡣ
սǰѩӥķڶȥڿһƬ˳ǿ󣬷·ǧڿзɳ۶㡣
ַ΢΢ţеĮ֮ⰴס˴ؾһٹˣвˣĵˣҪģǽɳѹͷȡؾжôĻȻƿűǿĻᣬԲʧ
ǱߣöˣѵǵˣȺĿ⿴Զڵ㣬Ӱǣǵؾ
öǿߣҲкܶ˺һؾ磬׼̤ؾˣǵȷˣΪûпؾںδ
Ⱥ׷׳ĿһǸ
ʱַҲſһâĿķһ޴ɽһĹһȺͶغĹΧĿⶢǰķĹ
Ĺ֮Ĺ
ַĿһѵЩǿ˵ؾʵǻߵ֮أ֮Ĺ
ɽȷʵһĹѨ˲ò棬ܷĹϵһ
ˣĹɽأؾڡ
ѩӥ³һȺ׷׵ͷ˫ֽգš˷ܣˣڵؾ̤УƬ֮صȴȥ̽
˹˳ͶĿ⣬һЩǿ̿Ǻη
ص۹Ҳˣ壬ÿĶ
ؾĿмյʱ䣬ѾۼǬǿʸǬˣѾˣֻû
ؾǻ߹Ĺأʲô˶ܹеģֻǬ˿̤룬ǰؽܵǬǿأҪһΪ̫ˣʥݵĿֲ٣ֲֿǿޱߣԴỨ̫ľ翵ĻĹУһЩޱǿУʵͨڡ
Щ츳Ŀ겻ѰؾΨһᶨִŵĿ꣬Ϊͽ
ͽǶԣϵҫԼ޿ɱǰ;
ȻǬ֮ˣҲܶʸ̤ؾУؾ˻Ǭǿʵ̫Ϸ֣ˣֻЩܵκΡЩ൱һʸµǰǬ֮ڣ˶ؾС
ͷѩӥڽٻĹѨǰʱͬʱΪΣĿ񣬻ڵϣҲ׷סΣǰɽǳͨκεһｫؾĵط
ַĿⲢûпǾ޴ɽĿȺһȺӰʱⱬĮ֮гȥ
ڶķϽԴȺǰģƺǲʲôüͷһ۾صȺȥЩĸ˸Įǣ
Ȼַʱ򣬲ɵ΢΢һϽ⣬ڶУ˵΢΢£Ƿֱǵѡ붫ĵ꣬ԼĶġ
ַ㣡³һѩȵַ̨ܣۼַ֤ܶ޵õһ꣬ôܻǰ꣬ϵʱ֮кܶ
ǶԵΪȻ˫ȻҲ£漴ȴ¶һЦݣȻЦַУĵЦݡ
ѩ¹Ӷģ˶Ϊº͡ƽ׽ˣȻĿȴȶ޵Ҫʮʿڱ߽λıҪַ޵嶷Ͷ
˵˭ַɱˣ˶ǶˣһеıʼڶĵС
ַеɱôĳ㣬ܻ䣬ĺЦĿַţȻַ֪޲ýǧУַ㣬ҲǺܼɵģѾŲˣ֣֮ȻûܹҪַʱַ̣ħǻˣǶַС
ַȻûħҲ޷ħˣַ֪ĺˣֵõʲôȻܴħлָ֮һ
뵽⣬ĵ񹬵ķ̽ȥ񹬵͵ˣΪǳڲ⣬ԼѩȵĲ츳ǰȻҪȴĻ£˾Ͳˡ
ѩȵĹھӦ񹬵𣿡ĵ˵һȺͫ͵һ漴ȫصȺͶȥ˵ַϡ
һڣַĹϵ


0769 һ֮
ַ㣡
ַ㡣
ǰַѩ֮ڣ񹬶ӵмڱ񹬸ˡ
һ֮ͬھߴѩ֮ľǶ񹬼񹬣ַ츳Ѿ˴νؾ񹬽ַΪ
ֻǺѩ´䣬ַħ񹬵ǿçҪɱ񹬷ִ㣬ַӽؾȡϾһħ˽޾ɱյԼɥ
ַһγˣĿȻĮȴûжħļֻǣڵķλȻص۹һ
ڤçɫ͵һͣɫΪÿȻַħн˳ӦΪ񹬶ս񹬽ؾУص۹λ
˱ڤ֮⣬񹬵ȺлһĿЩμѩѡ񹬵ˣǶַӡǼ̣ǺַͬѩµȻҲ֪ѩ䣬үүɽЩɥַħַƺˡ
ַ㡣
ڤĽŲ˳ַַ㣬ѩµϢѹֻӢţǲǿǰѰ㣬ϣܽħнڿҵĵǶˣܹȻҸоο˴α̤ؾΪ䡣
ȺڤĻĿⶼͶַ㣬겻֪Ǻݣ˵ӣڤֱΪ䡣
ѩȺҲ׷׿ַ㣬ǷͻȻ请꣬ƺͺܶ죬ղЩսʶ˿񹬵ˣַΪ䡣
˲ĬĬţڸѾӵһЩ۸ڶ꿴ַĿⷢһĨ΢ı仯ѹַʵôǿˣԭѾ뵱
ַأ񹬣ضԼ֮ûκõԴųɳӵǿȻַʱ񹬣Ƕصıѣ׷ɱ
ǵĿ⣬ַ㣬Ҫַ
ַ㿴˱ڤһֻۣʱıڤϴŵϣ֮ɫƺ˿ûַصȺУӪ
ǰĺַˣֻΪһЩԵʣַص۹Ϊص۹һԱԲѱ䣬ǰˡ
űڤǸĵͷڤҲûѩ·֮£ַ㵱ȻԸΪ񹬶սϧȻһжѾˣע޷ء
󵨡çŭһ׵Եַ㣬ַ㣬ɲţڣȴ˵ص۹ǷҲ̫񹬷ˡ
񹬵˴ͷβûг֣һ񹬽ؾġ
ַ㿴çһۣΪͳŭƽˮ
ַ㣬ʲôǿ񹬶ֲ㣬һϣܻұ񹬡ڤûзȰ
Щ£޷ֲַҡҡͷѩ£񹬵˳ֵɲǣұףһнΪѣ񹬲˵Ǳǿ߻ɱȴһֱڰûг֣ЩҶҪΪ񹬰£
һʱͿҵǲϧһд۱ȫ㣬ȴû뵽ֻǵñȫ㣬ȴˣҵĴֻҪص񹬣ҿǿĹ似Ϊֲ
ڤٶ˵ȴַĸ˼֣ǿĹ似ֲַѵǿΪ˹似ϧˣڤĻ֮һ֣˿̣ڤ֮
ַѾԡĻӦһַ㽫Ŀƿñڤ΢΢һͣһâվַ϶ԣַȻ񹬣վ񹬵ԣַΪڴ񹬵
ǺǣڤѾĻѩٰȣţû뵽󲻹һգȫˣڣѩȹھַ㣬ѩɽʵЦ
Ͻǡʱڷ̳Ĵ̶ñڤԽԽ䣬ɨϽһۣϽΪҲ֪ııһֱվŵǶ
صĿⶼԲȫַ㣬ѩȹھԭַ㻹ȻԻս¶ڶᣬҪ
ϽΪҲ֪ııʼ㶫Ӱӣ湻ɵġڤ༥ȴϽмЦı츳ףûвμѩȣȻ츳˿ֳ޵ԸҶһЩ飬Ҷôܾ㻹ַ֮ôɣһ⣬湻졣
θ·ġڤһĿĮ漴ٶȿַ㣬ַ㣬ľˣ
ַĬȻĵͷδڤһۡ
çŭһŲһ磬ȫǹ׵֮·ҪΧĿռ䶼̴Ȼڴʱһѩ׵ӰվַǰѩӰ˫͵һռХ׵ײ
çס֡ڤֹççŭַ㣬׵ջأѩӥҲóλá
Ϊ֮ɡڤַ³һַĿͣƺϵд˽֣յѾյĽƺѾעһУһ֮
Ⱥдһ̾Ϣ֮ѩѩ޳ǿַһǿȺֱۣѩȹھˣַ츳жôĿֲȻϣַΪ񹬶սȻԸΥ龹ݱˣ񹬲޷ַΪѣΪС
޳ϧɺޣ֮ң
ѩ޳ЩçΪβ־ַļѣֻһ֮²תĽ֣֪֮£˶ں


0770 һѱ
ַ㡣ڴʱһĳһȺĿת㿴һź۵ĺڰħӰЩһϢ䣬·Զħ͸һɼĮϢϢ˲ҿħ֮
ۺħڵˣѵҲʶַ㲻ɣ˶֣ôˣַ֪㡣
ۺħħţ粢Ծ綫ǰ㽫øĳۺħڵҲʶַ㣬˸еΪ֡
ַ㣬ۺħڵĴţʱΪ㳨ңֻҪħڣħڽ붯ħΪ֮ʦ֪ħ֮˿ڣȺĿ͵һۺħںһҲ£ַ㣬ҪַǣΪеһԱ
ңԽֻҪַħڣħΪʦ𾪣ħΪʦζ벻ĺ¡
ַлǰĺ⣬ַȻأ㲻ٸıˡħǿ¶һǸɫַ̹Ȼ˵ѩ¹ħȺ֮¿ѲʲôܣۺħڣħţǶħǲܵģȻħ֮⣬ܹħˣħҲǳϲ
ǱˣۺħڵĴţʱΪ㳨ħǿ߻˵ħڣʱӭַ롣
ллַǺŵ΢Цͷ
һ׺εºܣ˶ǿԾ޴֮ѩѩ֮˿ַ㣬Ŀⲻϵ˸ţ񹬼£֮ǿĹ似ۺħҲ£֮ħΪʦ
Զ޺೯߱⡮ĹΧĺǿߣںԶ̤ǰн˵ڲͣţƺѰԼĶ顣
ĪϧˡʱַߵĵһղһֱڵȣΪַ㶼ص۹һĹϵֽôĪϧλþԵЩˣҲҪǰ֪һþĪϧ
ַĵĻĿ⻺תĪϧǺƷһģǲʲô㣬˵Ŀ˲ͿַģǿߵֱǼ
ַ㡣ĪϧƷĿⶼһַ㣬ƺѾָĿ峺Ҳ΢˿
˸˿첽ַĵߣصڶǿ΢΢һ㶣ôֶˣʵǿǾĪϧ侳أϢƽûвżɲ֮⡣
ַ㣬ûˣĪϧֱӿʵʱЩ˹ַġ
ַ㡣ƷҲַ㣬һǶۿַħɳ۶ȥģ浣ַӴֹɱУַеҪúܶ࣬ǻΪַ㡣
ģںַ¶һ˿Ц⣬˳׵˿ַ㾹Ȼħѳˣѵá
ַ㣬Ϲ֮ʱһ޴ʯܹѹħǿޱߣӵͨʯΪħʯԷħʯѿ಻ͬķħʯɢڴ½ͬĵط̺ſµͨ־ֻҪõһħʯͿԽϵħѹ
Īϧ˵¶һĨЦ⣺ڿûбҪˣȻѾָҲѾ˶Ըħİ취
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Īϧһ˿ɫϲ⣬ַ񹬽ԵȴҲ˴һУӲ֮һ֡
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0771 
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ȺаĿⶼֵĹֻͼڹ֮ϣ·ڽѹס㡣
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͡һµɫʯϵƼֱӴַǰ̵ַʹоģһѪ˳˳

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˵ԶдߣһԽԽʮʱ֮ͬʱһΪռ̨̨ÿռתƣѵǹżмصʱռ̨
ܵԽԽǿĿռ֮У˳˵ʱ˶żȷʵּأͨͨߣһԽʱվ룬һּ̨̨ͨռ䣬ǰģּ̨
ѵνĻ߹ĹأǴҪԽһʱյľ뵽һƬռ䣿ĻĹ
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Ƕһ󱲣˴ǰȺУΪ䣬ĺ͵ֱ꣬ϾԲ֮ˣӵģĺ͵ʵǿҲǺΡ
߰ɡһ˿˵˵֮һŰɫĽޣվǾ͸һַ֮У·ʱܳʣΧһǿ߽Զ罣ޱȣһ۾˸оܵѹȡ
ЩǾ֮ˣΪ֮Ǿһվҹ
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˳Ĭ¶һĨ΢Ц漴ϣԪ֮ӿ˲䳯Ǽ䷱ʸȥʱռ̨ȻâţһɿµĿռ䲨͸˶ڡ
ÿµĿռȺȫһǸоԼܵĿռ佥ŤǹɿռҵĸоԽԽǿˡ
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һµĹⲨųâȺֻо͵һ漴Դһ㱣·תƼ
һɿµ쫷ԷŭХȺɫȻ䣬˿̵ǾȻںɿռ䣬Ժ죬Χȫǿµļ·ֻдһƾͻ
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һĻĻַվڹĻж𺳣ǲֹʱռ̨ʵжֲǻĹߵʵǼؾ磿жǿ
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ַҲ⣬մпԽ˶ڻ㱵״̬Уͱݺݵ˦˳ȥûüӦ͸оԴһ˵صס
ַ㹻ǿ˻Դ˿ȥ
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ʲôƼ̨һƵĵ֮ʸҲһĭԼԴ
һҲǿַ㿴˻ʸһֻۣûһ˺ֻۣ˦Դǿᣬزһơ
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ҵûֻЩĿĵں海ҡ̵ɴ롣
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͡͡ȻʱһɴľͷţЩǿߵɫȻ䣬ֲľ·Ҫǵ嶼˺ѣһǸоԼôС־ȫѹƣ


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̫ˣΪ请֮ˣɱͬţĪҪزɡ
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ԽסǿԽĻԽпܳ
һʱĵָָһƬ룬һ嫵ĶһģȺ·ҪΧ¥Ҫ߹Ƭĺ֮ء
⹬ӳ¾ɣͬ𣬵ڣһΣֱ͸֮־
һȻƶӵн֮Ϣ𺳵ǣ⹬֪˶꣬⽣֮Ϣ̴棬·ԶϨ
͹ƬĺģоסӦǸ
־Ϣǿ⹬Ĳö̺̫֮ˡ
˶⹬סоǳ𺳣ַĿ˸£̺ǽȥһġ
ȥַŲһ磬ֱӴн£﹬֮⣬⹬ǳ嫣Ȫˮ֣ȪˮѾݽߣּ֮ľҲѿήûϢԵøŵ㡣
ƺһɺǿĽָŹڵһ԰֮أַ˵ͷǼҲܵˣǿĽ
ŵĹȻӵн֮
ǻ԰ȥǴӻ԰ڵһ͸ģ빰֮ʯҵУַ˵Ŀ΢΢ڵ֮ϣʬ庡ǣû
һ͸Ľʯǰһʯϴģ棬ͼ
ˣƷĽŲ΢΢һ̤ʱһ͵ʯɨʬ˲ȫΪҳ׵ıˡ
Ψһһĺǣһûκεˡ
ߺʯ֮ϣ˫ǧͫ׵Уƺܹܵеľ
ңߺǵԴ׵ıˣ˽ȥ·ǱֱһԴϺɱģһĺǣʬϣɻܹܵεĽϢ֮
ַ㣬㿴ʯϿ̻ġĵ˿˿ĶһʯڣңͼԽԽտϢԽԽǿң̻ŵģƺǽǺͼԽԽˣ·ǽһ׿µͨ
ȻַǾȵǣļͼѾһʽĶˣ϶ɵͼƺǡƣ
Ȼƣ˵ĶͼʯϿŵ֮ͼһǿĽ֮Ȼ֮󣬾ƣַܲ𺳣ѵؾ֮ʱڰͨӵеʯϵƣȫǿͨ
ЩƿԪ֪֮ͼΣ
ַĽŲǰԽԽŨ·Ҫ壬˾Īϧһۣ⣬׷ÿ
ߵʯǰַ㽫ַʯ֮ϣʱһĨԪĳһͼεȥ
ݡݡ䣡̼䣬һɿµĽâʯ¶ųĿĹʣ·ҪǰĿռ䶼ƣԶĻ԰ʯڣֱӷһ¡ľ죬ڽ֮𣬻ҳ
ַͷݺݵ£æջأҼʹԪԪ֮ͼᷢµЧ
ÿµĽ
˳濴һۣͶͼ֮Ȼǽ֮ͨ
ͬƣʯϿµȴ⣬ΪǰһͼƵݱĹ̡
ʮһͼ͸ݻǿƣѵŵǿߣ򽣣
ַ㶢ʯڣٶϸ۲촧ÿһͼң򽣵Ḷ́ԽԽ̣ÿһͼÿһȻĿʯڵУһµһֻǵһͼַӵĸо򽣵ǿߣǿڡ
ƺʶһ㣬ƣһּǿͨ似ݱҲȵǳΪߣ壬ܹĽӴһ档
ôоڿģ켫似֮ϵͨ૵һһ仰ֱָȺģҲָͬоǿµƣƺǳ켫似ĿֲڣǲԪµ̫ͨˡ
ֻƷüͷţƺ˼ʲô
뵽ʲô𣿡ַע⵽쳣ʵ
Һ֪ƣʲôˣƷĿһâ˵һƵĹżпϹʱʢǿ޲ͨ߻أЩǿͨܿʥƣͨ¾ȡ̫֮ܣ


0780 
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૵һַ罣̻·ܹ̫֮֮ͨˣܹƿʥƵżǿߣܹɱ
侳ǿߣƾ豾ľ磬ټɱ־ǿޱȣȻʥǰԵòʲôˣԪ֮ʥ֮ϣµĹ˵׵ƿʥƵĿ̻֮ˡ
Щͨǿߣǲܹ˲Ϣ̻ʥƣۿµĹֶΡַ뵽ʲô㣬һ
һЩߣڳƿ͸ʥ֮󣬿˲̻似һʹóֲĹ
˶ϿַĻʥƲ˲Ϣ̻кá
ַ㿴ˣĿࣺ䲻֪ǰǺʮһͼ̺ǿĽ֮壬ݱʥƣܹһǿܶ࣬ȻһʱҵҲԵǿԼǰУȥѰء
һͼǿʯϵģ᲻ߣǶ¾ûֽ֮ϣǿߵûнʯڻܶ˶ģԸڴƴɱʬǡ
Ŀ˸£漴Īϧ˵ͷһǿ̻ܿʥƵǿߣһɼɱ˵ǿжֲؾУֵӦò٣ַ޽ҵʺԼģǾͼǰаɡ
Ҳãַ㣬ؾкأҲֻǲ׺һڣҪ̫̰뿪ʱ͹ߡƷַ㣬ַǿս֮еֻ֣ƷоЩֵ
סַ˵ͷȻ֪ǰеĻܻõرȻ˿ʯڰǰǰ֮һǳʺȻҪһȡȡᣬһΣ֪ʲô
ܿ˸ϵΪ㻤ɡĲ뿪ַһ㳹׵ĳ޷԰Σ͵Ϯ㲻ˡ
ãģӦ׵־磬ǽ״̬κη紵ݶܹײַҡͷ
һصľ޷԰أʵַһȻּʺСòϣҲܻᷢ
ʯп̻ͼ̺־䲻ǽޣܹͬеõһЩͬʱΪ㻤Ҳļ˵
˵Ҳԣ˹ؼʱ̱ҲáĪϧַ΢΢ͷ
ַЦǺðɣĪϧǿȥɣ˺ܿͻ
ţСġĪϧƷһ漴Ųһ磬Ƕȥ
ģһصľҲô׵ġַ㺬Ц漴Ŀ⿴ʯڣӵһʯϵͼʼĶͼȥӡ
һͼֻһʣ֮µһʣһ·Ҫƿַеʱ򣬶ʱһͼ·ַܹܵͼϵÿһڶȫǽϳһ֮ͨĽʹʶ
ȥܹܵͼĿ⾳һʮһͼֻǵһͼַ޷԰Ρ
仯ɣÿһֱ仯һǿޱȣϳյһʣһĽ򵥵Ľȴ͸ſļ֮ⲻǹһһʽ򽣹һ
ַͷ΢һͼ̺ĵƺ켫Ʒ似һʽ򽣹һĽ־ǧ򲡽ΪᣬںϳΪһ򵥵һһУס
ǵһѡַͷ𾪣ȫ뵽Уһͼȥ롢ȥ򣬵һ̺򽣹һ֮ǧںϳһľŸͼԴΪᣬȴݱı仯˵˵ھŸͼ֮Ԫػۣ·ǹһһֺܹĶֲޱȡ
һʱȥ⣬ż˴ԶӹѾв˶ˣȻȺĵ
Ȼǿнǽ֮˶Դ˲̫ȤԸǰѰر˶δڴͣ
ֱӰŹŽ·ϿյʱĿһ·Ǹܵ¿յǿĽ֮⣬˲Ϣ䣬֮⡣
㡣һ˿֮Ŀ΢͸ŽǱȻȱȴֱۣһǶϵģ۽ޡ
һͣ˺Ȼѩȵ̨ϣַǿĽ־նһ۵Ľѡ˾š
գһ۸ڶİȻѩȵ̨Ҫ𺳵ֶλǿ㣬ʦףѡˣһģĻˡ
ַһŭΪĳͷŽֱն£ڴ˿ټ͸Ž֮ϢȻȴûǹĿһеİȻ֮УԵúƽֻһͨĽޣܹۣ֪죬˾֮չؿޣֵʦָ̣ҪķǿսΪľǱǿϱǿȢʦΪ޵ûС
ķҲõ˻رһĳڽ־еֵ켫ڽ־ϵĽþŶе𾪣־ء
ʦʶԵһ˺ʵ
ȻʶϱۣҲǰ͡ĿĮĿһѵƯŮôֱ۶ն£
һֱ۲ϵĻȰùĮ˵һһͣâ˸Ц㲻ҵĶַ֣Ϊͷҵֱϣַ㲻ڣұԽɡ
˵գϣһɿµĽ־ȥɫһͣ־أÿ죬Ƕ֡
ĵɫ˲Ϣָ糣Ц֮ȷȻַյʵҲˣѵͣͲǰ㲻ǰҲٶһۣ
Цһ漴ÿָ㿴˭


0781 ң
˳ĵָȥֻһӰǣһǱӰмȴ͸һƼ㣬˿̣Ӱϣ£·һĽʱܱһС
ݺݵһͫȻųһµ⣬ַ㣬ˣַ㡣
͸һɱɱ⣬ֱ۱ַնϣַܲ㣬ھſ޽ΪгһַܹĨɱϴϱ֮ޣȻٴοַ㣬ȴûкеȥַһɱ΢΢ԥ
յַӵصĽ־ٶȿʱգһǿأûнͿʱϥ϶͸һɿµĿµĽâ·һͷţܹʯ쾪
˵ѵַΪͣͲǰ
ԵӿķӦĿһâַָʦܣնһۣ
Ĭĵͷɱ£ԥʱַ򽣣ͻɱ֣ܲ˲ɱַ㣿
ֻĵĽŲƻأַıӰں棬ĮĵǰͲַ֣һɽֱնϣȰ㻹ȥɣַһֽնһۣʱ⽣ޣǳ׵ķˡ
һҧ̫ľôҲǿĽޣӵصĽ־ѵַôˣϱ֮޾ôưոݣ
ʦ֣һ֣ͳնɱŮӣһˣ۳ɹ񣬽Զս³ԵӰԴȴһգҽնֱۣһϴǰܡ
˵գ建ڿգ·׼뿪ĵ΢΢ɳ¡
Ȼʱһɿֲ嫵Ľ־ͻȻţؼȫ޾Ŀ½⣬ɱҪƬռ䶼
ĵɫȻ䣬ȻҪ֡
ǧӰ
˲ѿӰ
ɱͬʱһޱȷɱ֮ţ漴ֻһâַնɱȥ˷·һҪɱַ㡣
֮ʦŭһӰͬ޾ŭХ֮з·֮ŭɽХҪĵӰȫɵ
ַ㣬СġĴһҪַѡ
͡͡˲ϢĵӰ֮ȫûնһʩչֱ֮ڿն𣬳ԶȥҾȻʦܣΪǿ٣֮նһۣԷʵ֪ҴĶԻҲַļɵĻˣһˡ
һĽַɱȥ罣뽣ڣ˫ͫױ£ַ㣬һҪնַ㡣
еַ·˶ƺǾֹģͻȻ䣬һɿµĽַųһľ֮·ǧָ֮ţ纣ХҪûֲС
ɱһֹͣͣǰǽһµĽâɱͬʱնֱӴƷݣնȥһɱַˡ
¡һֲĻϢڿռַ·ǧâںΪһűɱնһײµĻ𲨶ȫ
ͬʱַȻſһĺâһֱӳһ۾Ϳ˻⣬ߣֻݵ˲Ѿӵ˺Զ
ַ˻һ磬죬յз·˾ŵӰӣ׷ɱȥ
ƺַܵŭɫ䣬ɫѿ²Ϊɱ䣬ǿ࣬Ȼַɲˣһÿ¡
ʱ䣬˾͸еַӰڲϵµϢ˵ͷٱַȽˣڽĹΧУǼΪ
ʦ֣񡣡һгһö⻪񣬽֮Ԫ˸촫ӦУһɹ⻪ֱӽסֱӻһ⣬˲Ϣʧһ֪Խ˶پ롣
ʦҲһȡ飬˲ϢʧʹѣǱ֮Ǿŵˣһ˶ֻһ飬⻹ûмӰӣͱ׷ɱķ
ַĽŲһ٣ͣյУǰӰʧһ֮ɫڸղţоһַ㣬Ƭѵɲǣ֮ͨ˲ߣ硣
ʥ֮󣬿ɹͨص֮߿ԿԽռ䣬˲Ϣǧǽʥ֮ƬҲԪѵҲǸʥԭ
ַĿ˸뵽ʱռ̨޾ʥƵĿ̻ڼ̨֮ϣ˴Խռ䣬ʥƵ̫ˣʵһֿµľ磬ܹʥƣÿһʥƣʹʥͨأǾͿһԽǧ
ʥƵƿأͬ似һ
ٱնһַۡ˵ûȥ׷һ˲䲻֪ȥ˶ԶҲ޷Ԥܷ׷ϡ
عַŲһ磬ԭ·أԶ¡¡죬ƺս
ǻ԰УȺΧģĿ͸ϷʵЦݣͬʱкüˣڶĵӰй
ǲȻҪռأϽϵıȫҲǿ㲻ֻһɫȡЦ˵˺һεˣǶǬһŵĵӣңš
ʦ֣ҵؾҲΪįŮòϵΪߣ֮ʱҲǲһ㿴ɺã
һ˵Ц˵ʱ˶ȻСЦ
ʦܺ⣬ң˵ң飬һ·Ҳ顣ЦգȻڴʱֻоһϿɱʱоһ̧ͷ㿴һų۰գ¶ǿ½


0782 ңž
ĽǵһЩ˶ַ㣬һ˵кιɣ
ַŲһ磬޾֮ͬˣĴңȺϣ˿˿Ϣ֮С
漴ֻӰ˸˺ѿռ䣬ѪΧĵļֱӱĨɱҽжδܼʱ˲ɱ
ַԽԣϾмС˿ڣʱ
ңǿߵĿȫһÿµһȫɱ׼
ɫַ㣬Ŀ͸ɱ֪ɱ˭𣿡
ַ֪ĿתŲһ磬ʱµ֮ŶʱַһĸоǺֺΨһ֮Ǹо·š
ֻ֪ǶҪֱַһĳһʵ޻У̺ȴµĽǧ֮ȺǸо·ɶݣյУųһƬµĽ֮Ӱ
ǿĹңŵһŲŲƣһӰݺĽ϶д󣬲ңڣܾޱѣལûɱǡ
ɱ˲Ʈ죬˷ַɱȥĲտޱȣַֻӰǰͺһԻ֮Ӱ
¡¡һµַɱȥ͸ſֲϢ
䣡ֱַϣȻȴִõģַӰƮˣŵӰӸ֣֮˵
ֱַԾգ˫ͬʱ£ʱ޾·Ŀռ䶼ȫǿֲĽŰնһС
ӰֲĽֱ˺ѣѪ⼸˵ĽŲƮڵߴĲȻǸһеĽ޷Ĩɱ
ͣ͡˺˺Ѫ⣬ʣµͬʱ͸һɱŰ·һ˲ǵĹ࣬¡¡촫˺ѵӰԻãŲˣֻһ˲䣬ǱƮԶ
ƯĲַӰڵأĿӶԷŵˣҲƣˡ
Ųһ̤ʱֲĽöһַͣʵǿղŶԸµŮʧˡ
һ͹𣡡ַ㲻мЦЩۻĻҲڶУЩ޳֮ɱ֮졣
ֲĽɱһС
ңŵӣ¸棬Ե˵
ңţûַδţŲٶȿ񣬴졣
΢û뵽ַ㾹ȻңŶδ̫ªš
ңǬǿһɣȻ⻹Σңʥңڵһ鲼½ھ£ɱǾ޺ôΪ˻Ķַͣһﲻ֪ðģȻ˵ǿԵ졣
ô˵ǸӦɱڣˡַЦѾɱ˺üˣʲôԵû뵽ǬңžʥݵĴ˹ϵңڣ¶ǶԷûƭĻӦһȻɣΪ
ַܵϵɱ⣬ɫϱ任˵ңǴ½ڣ£ʵǿޱȣ䡶ңž½ңžͨоңңƮ졢˿ɼңҲͨңֻҪŹңҿɴ㡣
ңžַһԷԣƺ⾭ͨڶԷ˵ַܴȻţһܹڵģֻƤëȻƤëȻиղȷʵǵõңžǿס
ַԷڳƤңԷôǿ󣬿һңڸͲ
ǲַǸһĨЦԷղŵĲޱȣֻңžеƤëҲҪѧһѧ
㲻Ҫó϶ûв伮ӦŹǣԸ͸㡣Ҳǽթ֮ˣַñɱڣ˵
ȴַɹЦûʸ̸˼ȻͨǲȻ֪ģڣ˭Ƚ
㲻ˣ϶ûС˶ַ˵óˣǻлĻ
ͣ͡һɿµĽͻȻţǧŭХַĿˣ˶һµѹȵϢ֮С
Ѱ·ַһǧ֮һͷųһµĽâ֮磬һһһʽ򽣹һַѾ¯ࡣ
˵建£˵һˣÿ£̫ǿˣ޷赲
ϧֻңƤë޷Ӷ뿪Ļַ׷ϣУңžеǿ󹥻ֶңҲһַ㿹⡣
Ȼпʵûм硣
Ҹһᡣַ㶢֮ˣɫ䣬罣ǿѹ֮ٶԷϣöԷ
ӦŹ𣿡˱ɿֲĽѹȣ־Σֱ˵Ļ£ʱַ¶һĨЦ⣺ϹȻеġ
ַĻɫһ䣬Ӳޱȣмˣַǿѹѹ־¶š
ֲٶȷַһĳоҲ̺µĽһܼɱΡ
ֻǼҲַĨɱΪ׵ӣʺַס
šң¶֮ɫ
ңžаִͨ˲֮⣬ʲô
ңңңžǿͨѲң֣ңĪ⣻ң˫ޣңһͨǿң˵죬жǿҲûʶ
ַסԷ˿˵дŰ
֪ˡַ΢΢ͷ΢΢˶ԷЩȺҪǰԸģΥĵߣɱ⣡


0783 ĵ
ɱԷ֮ˣֱַȡϵĴָĨµӡǣ֮ȡ
ܹʸؾˣǬĵӣЩȻҲǣǵļҵ׵ҲΪԪʯ鱦Ȼַģһҳ飬Уһҳ龹ɢ貵ɫâ̻һײһĲɲ⣬ֻǿһ۾ͺҪС
þտĲַ㶢һҳϵĲʥһ·ԼᶯĪ⡢Ʈ
ңӦֻңžǿ󲽷һҳǷƵģΪҳһģһģľ鲻ܳң˵ϣƵľȻѾˣԷһʵԣңžҲһǿޱȵͨ飬ͨ쳹ء
ģžаҲ޷ʯϺĽʽһʱҲˣ׼һһġַ㽫һҳݸģԼһҳ
šĵͷϵȺѾԽԽˣҲٵ鷳ַҪܣֻнʯϵʥƸġԺ뿪
ġʥҲһ֮£ʮһ֮ж̺ǿϣҪ־֮ġľ
ַϥӵһʼһġǰľнʽ࣬ġȽϼ򵥣ԽѶԽ࣬ġ֮ͼҪϢһ£ʹԳܡ
ַûаԹڿҿҵġţʮһ֮ͼɶıղһֱԼĹһһʽ򽣹һ׵͸һǧ򲡽ٶ򽣹һͷų죬ɱһУǿЩңŵĵӶһ켫似
ַܹʯϵİʮһ֮ͼȫ͸Ĺ֪ǿ٣ϧַľ֪ѡ
ǷϵĻ԰Ĳһҳ飬ȫ޷԰Σɼ̺Ŷô֪ңžǺεȵǿ¾ͲֻһҳصƮ֮ˣңžҲӦң֣ң
һ֮󣬻԰УһӰڻ԰д˸ȫһӰӣⲽ裬ңˣͺϷԣһС
һ֮ĵֹס㺹죬΢һ˿Ϣңޱȣǳ㲻ǧӰҲ·ûӰӣҲĺķѾʱʹþоЩԲҲδԵʣˣֻң
ͷһ۷ʯǰַ㣬ġǰʮһͼѾľŷͼˡ
ס۽ǵķ˿ĵһ˿¶һĨõЦݣаϴڶɽҲõһǿޱȵϧڻֻ͸ƤëǽϵİʮһͼӣϸҲƷҲа
˵գߵַ󣬹Ħһͼԡͨһľ磬ܹһͨⲻͬͨҲͬмİ֮ԣԽԽǿԶû
ľŸͼġģɲ⣬ֹȥ˰ʱ䣬ַġʣӵͼʥͼҪͼľȫԴ棬ͱ뻨ȥ¡
ţʱзƮ˲棬ֻӰݶɨһԼʬ壬Ŀⲻ俴ַڵʯڷ䡣
ʲôһ˶һĿ˸û
ŵһ߾ʬ壬ǽܽؾ˶򵥣ﾹȻɱôˡ
Щʬ壬壬һʱв˱һۣʬ󶼷ִ㡣
һ潣ʯڣѾˣҪõĻȣڴǰ³һ
ô󣬼Ȼ˱͸һǾȻڴ˶˵Ⱥ򣬲Щ𣿡ٶȿڣô˵ûɷÿһۣʯеıﵽʲô
һһԡָŵϵʬ˵˵Ŀһ໥һۡ
Ϊߣ󣬾һԣƾʲô˲񡣡˽Ųһ磬һƳѹȹȵ̺
һһӰӣ̤Ĳһң֮Ӱи֣裬
ţ˵޴֣֪úĸλãⲽþտ翣ңΡ
𡣡һ˫һһƬռ䶼֣㵽ĶҪѹ
ӰƷ϶У㱻ѹȵĲңһ
֣ǹȻңŵ沽վϿյ˿˵һݣԭЩ˲ǳʯڶʶЩңˣҲǳңģײȻ˵ţȻҲ֤Ų
֪ǹ֮˫͵һգ֮ѹһɽһѹռ䶼Ҫĸɷ顣
ȵĵԺһһ޴ޱߵĴѹ޷죬Ҫض
һĵ΢΢ϣŬ׷ѰһĨ⣬ŲôдͻȻ䴩͸ɽԷϿգ漴˫¡ޱ֮ǹֻ֮оذ޷ļ
䣡ֲ֮ǹֱ֮ӱصף飬ҽһ
һ˿һĻһֱӽԶ뿪ղÿ¡
֮ŭХһͬԶԶӶ뿪û׷ɱ˿Լ˫֣¶˼ɫڶɽƺַֻر޷õģղͻȻʹó˿ֲ


0784 ȾѪ
ÿµĿԼ˫֣омλã֪Ժеͨǿޱߣѹɫ䣬޷죬ȻգһֱֻƤë޷ӳµ
ڸղţԷǿȣԺо·㣬ǵӰԺУӳ𺳵ԼûԤϵġ
ͽһ𣿡૵һʵǿ֮ʿżܹһնඥ󳹴ʵɱ䣬Ȼ㲻Ǵ󳹴򣬵һ˲ƿ˼޷Ҳ˷֮£ƾſֲԼң侳֮˶սʤˡ
ղ˱ֱһƻһ˾Ӷ뿪ɼһƵңϿµԷ֪ûϣսʤ
תۼǼʱȥһֱڴңͬʱȥԺеǿȻоǳ
ַڽʯϰʮһͼ׵ġԺУָһ˿һʯڣЩ뿪ʮһͼʮһ̶ֲͬȵĽԽԽǿ󡢰ԵֻмСĲ֣ܹһʱգȻܹ٣Ȼʱֻġ嫵Ŀռ磬֪жȴȥ̽
ġַǵµĺ΢΢䲻֪ǰǺˣȻõԷʮһͼҲҵ֮ɡ
̧ͷʯڣַĿ˸оһĨԥ֮ɫƺ޷¶ġ
ҪλǰܹõϢʯͼͱҪٵַĵŮϸĶַ˽⣬ɵľͲ²⵽˴˿ַԥʲô
ʯͼ̻Ľɲ⣬ֱٵǣǻкԵüʯڽǷ̫ˡַһ⽣ʯڣĲ̡
ʯǰѪõУҲȴһ׮ԸûʲôźˣԼѪʯ֮£ҲܹϢ㲻ôĻʬǿ޷ġ
ȰһַĬƬ̣漴ϣһɿµĽ־Ŷ
ȥɡַͺһʱǧͬʱ¡¡촫ʯڱ٣ĵҲݣͱһ޴ķתۼͳ׵Ҫ
ַ˵ڿն𣬰·¡¡֮䳹׵̮գҲûǹɿµĽϢ
һ߻δĺǣҲԶ棬һѷ棬Ӧò˵עˡ
ﵢ˼ʱ䣬ͨʱռ̨ͶƶûˣҲ֪Īϧͷôˡַһ̾Ϣ漴Ŀ⿴Զһ
ڼǰУܻǵġĻӦ˵ַ˵ͷӰգűǰС
ʱַԼıңԶ֮صһƬһĺ嫹ÿһ͹Ƕϱڲԫ͸ϢĹӣǹӵƺżֹϵ֮Ҫһ̽
ĹмһһƬ֮أĲоưܣȫǹ̳ƺһսлڵϣǺܹϵıȴ̫ӦǵؾеǿսģЩս˺ҲѾΪ
Ȼ˿̵ƬƾɵϣһѪڵţʺѪҺ͸Żļطż߻Ϣʬ壬һɱ
ʬܣǿӰȫۼʻΣĳһƬΧסˡ
һ涴ڣȫ˻ҳĶ֮أԱȫǺĳ·ǧ궼̤УȻǶȴмĽӡƺǰ˷ǧĶС
ڶŵɽǰȻӰվϣ˶ǷǳᣬƮԵüѲ
֮Ӣ͸һɺȻ߹мǫѷ֮ƮĳϾȾһѪǳ۾ǽӲ֮ɫ˸ŶĿĹ󣬴о͸һɿµϢ꣬Ȼɽ۹̫ӾĪϧ
֮ͬῡʣżУ˿Уһӣ֮ʱӱҡҷһ죬͸żְ֮ƣˣȻĦԽ̫ĦɣҲƷ
ˣվڶʯ֮ǰֱˣ䳤ȾѪȴȴ벽
ԭ˺ַԼķֿ֮󣬼ǰУǰˣʱƷﾹȻУһĸооƵķ涴Уƺʲôٻ
˲ҳĶȻٻƷһӣشƣγһƵ
Ƶݻƿɽ֮ΪãҲɽضѡ
ƷıƵǹӣ·Ϊ
𺳵ǣ涴棬һ鶴츣أкüλǰʬ̽һնʱ䣬Ȼַ˺üǿĪϧŵĽɫۡ
⣬˻õ˵ʵУ޵üͨ
ڶ浱һʱ䣬߳󶴸汻ǿ߷ˣ֪Ƕ˵õرԽԽ࣬Ǿ˴˿̵ľ档
ǹԼ£ͬʱǵĴָ˻뿪˺ǳĮ͸żв֮⡣
ĪϧƷ˶һۣһЦ
Ը뿪𣿡ĪϧƷʵ
Ը뿪Ͳˣܹ˴֮ˮ˼Դô˵Ҳⶴᣬù˰ϢٴƷһЦ
ˡĪϧһȻٶһЦϬˣͬʱڣҪսȾѪΣ


0785 ֲ
ĪϧƷؾΪѰȻ˴Σȷʵõ˹˴У֮⣬õǿ֮ͨܵ˶ĻмĻҲ֮顣
֪ΪǶɱ˼˾ܴʲôվŵһţ·Į˵ɱ˸Ⱥϣһ͸ű֮ƱҪɱϵıղۼǿ̶ȡ
ϻ࣬ҪսսƷɨ˵֮ˣ͸źâ
ߡһ˵˵õرʵǿλһ֣ɱǶˡ
˵ĿȻȴ޼ȺֻǶϵҪǳȴô򵥣ôڣ˱ָù˭أ
ȺУ̥˵֮Ҳˡ
ֻĿ΢ɫÿλɣǱﱻһ˶ߣǿĪҪ׷ڡ
˵գһ磬˸Ⱥһͣ˵˾Լ
˵һǿϢŶĪϧƷһɹȵϢֲɱ
ȻɱɡƷŲһ磬һɰŭˣǹļѹȶȥռľɴһ𣬶ʱЩȺֻоһϢ·̶͵ķ籩·𲻶ϴǵϡ
ˡһֻƷǰӽƷͷһɿֲſֲĴƣƷﱾƽһ𣬶ʱǰ췭ظ꣬ҪƷһС
ǳƷļ˲佩Ӳǰ벽ϵѣƤʹֲĴƾ㣬ǵţҪϢ
ɱƷһһԶڿлصǾ޴Ĺ֮ͭӳǰȴƷ·𽫶Է˵ζסӣá
֮ɥӡ
ˣĹӺһֱ֮˵ϣеݺݵ£漴Ŀûɢ¿׹䣬
⼸Ŀ⺧ȻҪ㣬Ȼеζˣһǵ崥ӣ漴͸о漴ʲô֪ˣ
üǿߣֱӱ
һ򣬾Īϧͬˣɫۣޱߣɫ֮ϼ͸ſֲ֮Īϧ֮ʱжֻʣһܽɫӰӣѪȾɫÿһһĽ
ǽɫĳۣӵпµٶȣַ·޼᲻ݵֻз
˲Ϣʱ䣬϶߾ʬ壬ѪδɣǳȾ졣
ĪϧƷﷵԭأһ̤ǶϵʯǰĿȻɨˣ͸Ȼ֮
ȾѪΣ
Ҫɱ𣿡ĪϧȻɨȺ͸
ȺһĬǿ󣬾ĪϧŵĽɫۣ޼᲻ݣҶٶ쵽˼飬֪ʲôƷʵǿ
ƷŵĹӣɴС֮ʱ·ؽڣޱ֮ƣһܶס˵ΣӵУɱ˶ֲ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ȺУ̰֮ɫԽԽʢȻȴû˸ĪϧƷʵǿر֣ס
룬λҪˡ˿˵һûٷˣʶĿֲǵȥսĻ̫Σգû˻ȥɵðա
Ⱥ׷׵ͷĿ£Ȼ˭ҪڣΨֻɱٶᱦ
ˣͬһʱĪϧƷıٶһЦĪϧս񣿡
ξһսƷˬʻӦ˵ϣϢĪϧһȻа֣Ϊ侳أƷΪЩ֮Ȼ۵شƴ磬ֲѹ侳صǿ߻Ҫ
ս
սս
һվ𣬾ĪϧƷͬʱԽûȥȴֱ֡
ͣɫĳۻһѤĸ⣬ʱһҽ֮Ѫз˲һǿֱӱĪϧĨɱȻɿΪɱħͷ
ˣɥ죬Ʒ߶Źӣݺݵϣƺһֱӱ
ɱɱˡһɹɿµϢȫŶйһµķ籩˶ֲ˺ɱȥ
ĪϧɫۣɫĻ쵽˼飬ȺĹ޷ƷȽϳԿӹǿޱߣɱǿߣȻ˿̱ȺΧӷ¡¡ľ죬ƺҪѿ㣬ͬʱϽ䡣
Ʒŭһ߶ӣֻǹӷתֱӽɱ漴£¡һ죬ֱӽƷԼ档
Ⱥһû뵽Ʒ˺Լס
¡¡ľ޴һµŹӣӿȻ
ˡһɿµĲƴӹͷţ֮ڣ·ǿ߷ŹڱڣǹɴƺҪ˸շɱ
ˡˡֲٶ죬޾Ӷѹ޷֡
ȥ˳ױŭȭͷڹ֮ϣӿȻ
ˡˡˡһµ·ž½ÿһ䡣
ɱ¡һ죬ֲشֱӽߵ˸˳ȥɱˡ
̫ˣȻֻӻȺе̰һҪӶ
䡢䡢䣡һµڹ֮ϣӶݺݵĲסƷƺһоѪڣȺ쵰


0786 ѵѪ
ˡˡˡ
ϵ죬סƷﲻϺŹӵڲһֿµĹⲨɢӵȺֻӲٶӵУ޷԰ΣǿµĹⲨס
ˣһֲ֮ĿĽ⼫ĶĿǾĪϧˣȻ֮貵Ľɫ۽֯һͷ޼᲻ݵķ֮һУЩסɫﻹõѪ۷Уոǵ
ˡȺһˣĿĶǽɫ貳ۣ֮ϣһ·һôĿ
ܹһӳ̫ˣǹ屦ģŵУûпôֲı߶ûУѹǬĸؾ˵ӣŽʱ䣬˶رʵ˲佫˸˦
ƺǸӦߵĴսԶкܶ˳߱
ǣãȻرصȺеİȻ֮˾ȻĪϧƷɵһ
ս˶ݵƽʱ̣Ѿʮʬ壬Ŀģ̶̵Ľ˲䣬ʮλǿˣЩǿ߶ŵţ˿ȴԵ˵Ĵһ
ô죿֮˵Ŀ׷ϣͨʱռ̨һֱжʮλǿߣԵüĺƵһͽ˵Ŀ˹
֮ˣҪô𣿡һЦ漴ŲžĪϧƷû뵽Ƕҵر֪ǷǣͬڣС
ĪϧƷĿתҡҡͷأǼΪַ㣬ǣĪϧƷ֮ģｻǣʱ򻹲֪ǶԸ˭
ǶǺ⣬ѵǻǵﲻɡ˺ǳ˵
ûСƷ³һĮ
ûеĻǿɽ֮һʹã֮ˣЭֱ˴ˣȵȥ֮󣬸ǵģȻ黹ǡƺ˿⣬Ц˵
Ȼ֮ˣֱ˴ˣҲһģαҪô鷳ҲѾõñȽ˳ˡĪϧȻӦ
Ƕ֮ˣؼȻԸְһԵУȻҲʾ֪ǶǷϲ⡣˵ԽԽԣǲҪص˰æܺѣҲվڶϡ
Ǽ֮ʱǰƺ˵Ƕ֮ﶼдãֻҪǲؼɡƷЩĮĵǲύڰﲻ֮¡
иûء
ûд˼ؿ¾ǻؾͽھŻնɱջصı
֮һ˵з⣬þĪϧƷЦҪᱦԣα˹Ĩǣھ޴ǰ֮ͬǸƨοǸЩ˱ûаϸֹһ˿ìܡ
Ҫûֱ˵ǣαǰûʡƷЦһǲ࣬Ҫʵ˵ɡ
ȻҰģվ֮ˣأŻϵҲƿء˵Եƴ±˴һ
Ŀһ䣬Щ֮ƴʮ֮࣬ռ˼һ֮Ҫᱦǵȷ᲻
òҪһŭ֮ʸȺ˳ŭȺʲôŽԵУƨ޳һ˶ñ¶ҰģȺˣ棬ǰ̻壬请֮ˣ衣
𣿡һ˿Ц⣬ʸĿ⿴⼸ˣֻ˶Ĭѡ˳Ĭһԡ
СѩǼԸ请һ请嶼Ϊѵ㻹Ҫ޶ԡʸѩʵ
Ǻ诣ʲôϵ𣿡ѩĿ˻ʸһۣûʸɫһ漴ŭ·ɢˣ¶һ˿įǷ֮⣬ֻоһֱһԸѡ
ҶˡʸתžĪϧƷķȥӰɪį
Ȼʸ˼͸оһֱӽ帲ǡ⡣
䣡һž޺˲Ϣ˻ʸıϣ漴һ³أ㻹𣡡
ĪϧƷһĿ⺮ⱬѩҲ£漴һĬԡ
µıѩ·Ҫʸʸ׵Ķ
ˣ죬ƷŹӣŲɱĪϧһɫӰӣʧ
ڴʱһŭŭ·Ҫ档
𣡡
һ֮񷣬ʸϣһ֮أһ֮Ӱҡϣֱзŭ
һĻ˵ĺݺݵһĿĶŻʸֻ˿̵ĻʸƮͷĺɫ˿ɫ¶ſֲĻ⣬֡
·һѪѡ
֮ѪѣȺͫ͵ʸѪţϷ·Ҫڳͷ㻯˽֮ɫ
𣡡ʸ֮˻ɿֲѹûһڲ
ʸתĿ͸Žɫ֮âˣһ·צ֣Ѫ졣
ɱŭһѪɢ˵ֱӱ˺ѵǹɿֲϢлޡ
ÿ£ѪǷǳ߼ѪѪȺŭĻʸͷޱ𺳡


0787 ս
ѩĿҲӲʱĻʸĿһɨȺӣڣŵĽ֮ɫ߲ķ·Ҫż̤ڽ¡
һ̵Ļʸˣ׵ıˣɳ滯
ɱ䣬ʵɱ䡢Ҳɱ䣬˿̵ĻʸѩоΪʥŮԼһԲλ֮С
ܾûʸһͷԼ򵥣䲻ȻʸͷԼ򵥣ܱǷǣҵΪˣΪҲϧоԼЩСΪʥŮģȴƺ˽
ɱһһ̼䣬ıѩ䣬һɺϢ·Ҫظ⡣
ɱһŭȣ¡¡ѩʸ·ҪʸᵽѩС
𡣡֮ŭʸֱֱ̽ϵѿƸ֣ŴĿĽ֮
䣡˵ֱӱֱ۸ץѣ·֮ۼ֮ڻʸţԵס޿赲
ᡣ
ǣ
ᣬʸֱӱڱѩ棬ӰֱӳŻʸɱȥ
ˣŰ֣һֲֿĲɢ˵һֻϵƷ˫ֽӡʱţϺȻ䣬һ˱ֱѹԱֱ֮Ѫȥ
͡͡ɫĳȾѪ財
ƣһȻҡϣ𣬿µ̺Բλ֮࣬⣬µķâɱһУҪɱаü˱Ѫֹ
߿ս˵ȫ˸ǿһҪᵽ֣ȻԶݡ
Ǿסһָָ񷣬·ߵۣ߿ҫǳųĿĹ⻪
ѩ׷߿ǳеһŶȥʱϵ·ǳѩأ죬߽̲񷣬ֲޱȣѩԥ£漴Ҳͷųǳ֮ϣʱѩѣ¿յȺȥ
˲䣬֮Ϸ·һѩɽ
ѪǳԸҲ㹻ˡָ߿ǳҪһУ߿ǳĿֲѹžĪϧѹȶȥɽХŭض·ҪȥƷһƺڹ֮ϣ죬͸ޱǿҵĹ⻪߿ǳȥ
ˡӷƵһΣûշѹһУأǼǿﱦȻƷʵֻƿһ˿ԶԶӲӵȫ
𣡡
ʸ˫ֳ죬֣·Ҫǿֶǳ
͡͡ŰҪһж޿赲Ӱ߿ǳҫ֮޿赲
䣡ʸƺһѪǿߵȻŹȻᣬĳˣǵĿֻһᱦǹԼĪϧϵĽɫۡ
䣡ĪϧϵĺȻͷŵ£ɫĹӰƻã貵ôʹȺ۾˭Ҫ۸ѣᱻֲɱ
ϿյǳѹŭΣֻһ٣·޿赲ҪշѹһС
ʸĿⶢϿգо˸ŽɫĹôĶĿ
𣡡ʸ³һŭ֮֮֮
Ⱥ·𿴵һͷգϣӰ·ǹѪҪȫ緢
䡢䡢䣡۵ֱ죬ǳо٣ɻ֮ŰۣѪӿҪ˫֣һƬء
ң˵Կλţ˵ϣմѪȣʬ岻ϵ࣬ڽؾһ˾͸뵽һĻΪ˶ñ˸Ѫۡ
Զɲ˱߿ֲϢ϶бŻ𺳵ս
صȺУ͸űЦ˻ֵܵãػǿǿһصģΪ䣬ȻҪһ˿Ѿ˼Ҫǹӣǽɫĳۡ
ʱڼǧ⣬һϯһ޼᲻ݵ۶쵽˼顣
䣡һ߸Ӱֻһ˲Ϣˮ͸ǰǵ߷ɳ۶Ľâÿ£оղһµͽ˶͸ˡ
ûüѹһӰӹޱȣǻӰ̤գĪ⣬ң
ַĶˣںԶ͸оߵĿսϢĳ˸ԶԶľͿ˱ȺΧˣȻǾĪϧƷԼʸ
սȺƺûпǷɳ۶ĽâֱصӪУһӰȻת漴Ŀ˲侪֮󣬱âû˺ѵĲ
ֻ֮͡͡оһɷָ֮Ѫ죬ݺݵĲ£漴ǾͿһâ͸ȺһŵȺֱӱǽ׵˺ѵޱȿֲ
򽣡ɱһŭ֮أǧͬһʱų貵ĹЩĪϧ˵ǿ߲ϱɱͺˡ
һһµĽâţü˵屻ֱӴ͸ӰӰȺһ񹬵ȼǿַ㡣
ص˸һַ㾹ȻҪͷϵˡ
ߡַŭһӰ죬صǶʯ֮ϣټȺм䣬Ŀ͸ɱ⣬Ⱥ
˵ַ㣬ղһɱ˲ǿߡ
ַ㣬ҲҪ棬ɱ³һɱȻ
졣ַŭһз·нâ¶
ҵЭΪᱦϧɱͬţ˵棬㵱Լ˭䣿䣬ɸҾս
ַâ¶罣֮嶼һһֱȻΪԵľ棬ַĻȴҪ߸ǵ뷨˵㣬ս


0788 屡
Ŀַ㣬Ų̤˵ûңǽؾе䣬֮ˣȫҪҺ
ַ㶢ƮƮˬӢˣ䣬֮˶Ҫģǿ˷·ĬĻ
ѩɽߴ壬Ϊ𣬶ҲߴѩϯλӵǿĺĻֻҪ֮ˣҪӣһֱĹأһΪߴѩˣΪ־
ַ㣬请㣬ѩӥǰҲᷴκμѩˣȻⲢϿǣѩϿǣǰ̤ؾ֮󣬾նɱ֮ˣȻǴȣɱ˱ɱˣ˶رҪɱ
ɱ˸κΡ
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ַܵս⣬Ȼ壬˫Ȼַ㡣
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˵޲͸ǿš
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Ƕϣַսʤңұ֤ӽѩһַΪ𡣡
ʸ˵ʲôȴַͬ⡣
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ˬ졣һЦĿɨˣһâս˿²ᰲ֮ţػǽΪá
ǿ߶΢΢ͷû˲ӣÿһѩÿضһд裬ֻ֪Īսжôǿ
㵹ǹšַ͸ŷֱ֮˵ｫΪãÿˡ
ĮһɨȺֻ˶Ǵһս˶ҪĪϧƷı
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ԣơƷһЦƣɷŵ⡢Ʒ
ʸɵЦš
ַ㿴һֵܣҲ¶һ˿õЦ⣬ˬЦģأ
һ֣ʱһԪҾƸ֣˻ȥַ֪ϲҾƣɽ۹ѩµʱ׼˲١
˷׷׽ƺץУ͸˷֮⣬ھһա
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䲻ַ֪еǷ˭Ҳ緢屡죬ٺѣʹʹ죬ڡ
̣磬пᡢ飬˭֪ʲôʱΪ֮һֱɱܵλ֪ʹƣʹɱˣγ˼¡
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0789 ǳ
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ܵģӵнǳ֮Ī֮ܣַ㽣죬һСȺаţѩһδ˵аܼ
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һɱַŭһػһ޾ֲ֮ȼյĻΪһ壬֮־־ͬʱţ¡죬ƬضɽХ֮ɱ
ǳҲ֮⻪³һ֮ǳһƬǰһǳ⻪ݺύ֯һ貶Ŀǳͼ֮⡣
䣡
֮֮նǳ⻪֮ϣµĹâ·ҪأȺ۾޷
꣡һ촫ֻ֮ǳУǳӦѣĿǳ΢˲䣬漴ֱ貶Ŀâתݡ
ţַһȻǿ֪ӵʲôصȻɽǳǳΪã㲻˵ôǿںϽ־Լ־һֻնǳ
ǳĹ⻪ԶϨġ
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ơַһָ죬ָȫ޼᲻ݵĽ⣬ֻ޾Ľǳ֮⣬ʱðࡣ
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0790 
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䣡һı֮أѩɽһȻѩɽѹҪַѹ
ʱ̤ѩɽ֮ϣŲݺݵһ̤޾͸ѩɽ·ӣѩɽַͣˣҲ׵ᵽѩɽУҲ֪ûбѩɽѹ
˵Ŀⶼ޴ѩɽһĬ̫ǿˣûһѩɽΪֶΣᣬֲֿսܹưԡ
ǡꡭѵ촫ѩɽ֮ϣһѷ죬漴ѷԽԽ󣬷·ѩɽҪѿ
䣡Įħ֮Ҫ񷣬Ӱ˲ڿն漴Ϳ£һħӰ죬Ǻ嫵ѩɽͱ˸Ŀһ㣬ڿյɱȥޱߣƿ졣
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һšַ㣬û뵽ַ㿴ֶξȻ壬˿µս⣬ͷǿĽâ
ַ㣬ģҲɱ㣬һΪ䣬Ҹ֣ҶͬڣγزưǬ򡣡˵һСˡ
ŭ𡢻ȼաħ֮Ϣǳ貣ѩ纮ǿһ˲䣬š
ֻһɫâױȵĻն
ٿַ㣬·ûиܵǻһеĽ⣬ǧâͬʱһûȥǸϣַˣȼӰʧվλãһżεĽ޼᲻ݵĽ
ַˣһΣģ


0791 
ΪǧںΪһַϣ漴ַˣҲڽУΪһ
һĻп֮˵ĺݺݵսţַ㣬Ȼˡ
Ҫ뽣Ҫ֮־Ҫ־Ҫ˽һ֮磬Ȼ˽һֻǾ϶ԣ˾ͺһһ뽣ڣˣǽ
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һľ磬ѵˣĿԳΪɲţ·ʵһ˾ˣôܹΪΪǰһĻȴʵʵĸǣˣԳΪַ㣬ͻһ
Ǵ϶ǴһǿֶͨΣ˿ǽһп͵ĲţһʵҲûв´ַ㣬ôܳΪַ㻹޷ֻһǿޱȵֶͨΡ
һڶʽ˽һ뽣λһ壬˺Ϊ˽һ
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ʽâļĶݺݵս£ǳһ̶ʧȥɫʣһ̫£뽣ڣⲻǵصĽ־ҲǿĽһϵеһкһΪ޼᲻ݵĽ
͵촫һǰһͣ£漴һӰַ㡣
յУһĬַ㣬ͬƮȻͬĲ
ҰˡǰӰˣղţַһͣ£ɱ
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̾Ϣһомλãмѩһһˣλˡ
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ȻƺܹǳΪײǳ֮⣻ûһѩɽѹһУУǳʹַǿֶΣһֶβޱȵǿᣬգǰˣһ򷨣ǿһľ磬еһоΪޣ֮£Ψһķ飬档
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ַ㿴ǿޱȣʵйεɱ䣬գ޷սʤ̫ˡ
ѵÿһɽؾǿʵӵȿµ
Ӵ˿̿ʼѩ֮ˣĺڵһַɫһǸԽصټʮһͼԽ򷢻ӳһڶʽ˽һºսʤ
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˵֮˾ǰ㲻˭ǲ֮һԳ֣ɱ֮ٵַͫһ
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оЩλãȻ˻ǶˣַսʤһǿߣԺһڱУλҡֱϣѩ壬ǿѩǿδгһַƣΪ䣬أ请Ϊһ˵õȮ졣
һ㣬˶ףҲ̹Ȼλó
ѩ֮һ˲·ҪƬضסһƬգȫѩƮ׵磬ȴѪ䣬ѩȾ졣
ĪϧҲɱۣЩᱦ̫֮ˣֱǺɱУ飬ҪǼأɱˣҪɱɱûа֡
Ųһ磬أһնʱһֱͷ­ն䣬ѩѪҺᡣ
ַ㿴Ķһļһʹó˿̣û˺嫵ǳ֮⣬ɻʹó֮ɱУȻղţֲֿȷʵǿ
Ųһ磬ַҲɱ֮Уһɱһˣ˱նɱ
ʼӴܣᱦˣصļ룬ַԼļ룬ɱ飬ѪЩᱦ֮˶ԣجΡ
ŰɱһʱţʱĴѾʺѪҺԼѩȾɫռðһ߾ʬ壬ӵӣĪϧƷҲвٵ˿ڣĪϧӵв꣬˲ָ
ַеԪ֮ʧȾѪĿ⻷ȺЩ֮˾Ŀӣɻûȫݵתַ㣬ǵ䡣
ǰ֮£Ҽ̣Ȼڿʼҿ֮սĺǣұɱַ֮³һ֮Ⱥһ
һ£֮ˣʱռ̨֮ʱһ˶ռƣȻôһߣһߣܹ𣿼˱η䣿ַ˵ôһ𣬼ҵҲֻܱУбн٣ֲƽ֮ġ
УҪᱦԼȥԼ˭õ˭˷ֿҲһЩǾԼʵѡһж
ţһͬʱ䣬оԵƣַ㣬ȴҪǷֿòϣַ˵
˸ɨһۣҴˣĥѣ䵽˱Ҳ޷ɳ
һУҪԼ


0792 ħ
֮˷׷뿪ˣԶȥֻ߼֣Ƭռ䲻֪ж嫣ıԲ٣ĪϧõĳԼƷĹ汦ܹõʲôܷģңĪϧƷ﷢ֵĶĹأҲֻһߵ֮ء
뿪֮󣬾ĪϧƷֽԼɽڸΪƽأƬس׵ˣЩʬ¡
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ǸղţһعõĪϧԵַͫһعԭⶴ棬һع
ַ΢΢̣˹Ӻͽɫۣе
ԡĪϧһֻУһӲӵףŵĽɫ۽ӳɢĿ֮⣬財
ףӦúͳһױֻ⿴һۣ֪ģǰõ֪˶١
Īϧɫ׵ݸַ㣬ַӹԪ֮תʱţ貶Ŀ֮У͸޼᲻̫֮ˡ
ָоѪԶԶûдﵽ׵ļ𡣡ַаȡѪâڽɫ֮ϣֻһ촫ɫ״âַٴζ֮ʱȻ۵ûС
׵ݻĪϧȴĪϧ΢Цҡͷַ㣬ҵõۣ޼᲻ݣв꣬ҪֻǱŰɡ
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ģףŰɡַ㽫׵ݸģûоܾĪϧĺ⣬Ѳ
Ŀһַͣ㣬ֿһ۾Īϧ漴¶һĨõЦݣû˵׵Ļֱӽ׽ӹοĪϧַܹһʶֺںŵѵĺ飬֮䣬̫ѵˣЩˣںĲںһıΪġ
ַ㣬ڵعУǻ֪һܡƷ￴żһЦʱַֽĿ˹
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Ƭռ䣬ȷǻӵеĿռ磬ƬĿռ䵱УҲʵʵӵһĹĹ
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λߡַȻѹر˵ǿԭǻӵеġ
ڵعУǰԣƬռĻʣһλǿޱȵħʣ⵽׷ɱ·ţƬ粼úһУԼĹѨã֪еˣҪǰҲ֪֮ǰһԡ
Ʒ˵һ𺳵ϢַֹƬռĻߣǱ׷ɱ֪Լ
̫ˣߣǸ߸ϣƶ˵ǿڣȻ׷ɱ·ţúһУԼĹضãֻΪ϶֮Ҳһϵ֮ء
ħʣħʵʵжôĿ£ַ૵ʲôĿֲڣܽһȵ˵زֱ˵ңߺߣ֪Լɡ
Ϊߵħʣ֪ǿߣǿߣҪᣬռ磬һ
Ϣ̫ˣַ㼸ԺħɱƬ磬ưصĳǻǶôĹ
Ҳ֪ħʣжôĿֲȵһԼĹѨƷЦҡͷ;ĪϧǰԵʱҲòᡣ
ƬĹѨĸλǷַ֪һ
ƷҡҡͷǰԵУλǰԴͨĹѨ֪ôҵģ֮ǰ̤ؾҲû˵˼Ĺ
˵Ʒ΢΢ͣ£ּᵽˣ׷ߵĴߣ֮һ˾סĸۡƬռУֱĸλĸλƬõλã󡣡
˼ַĿ˸һƷâ
ĴߣһλĶʯӵرλߣܹҵǵĶͬܵĵõ޴ĺôҲ֪ڻĹص顣
Īϧ˵һַһûܹҵλ߾ס֮أûҵĻҲܹͬõ޴ĺôУȻܹõĹϢǽá
ʱַ㣬ǲ֪ǰʷ˺棬ĹѨУħʣ
ַ˴ʱ֪ңԶ֮أڶ߶Ѿ˷ˣͬһսǿߣǷĹصˣַ㼫֮ˣҲõһǿıɱ˲Ѫǿüʶ˶Ϊ֮񣬵û˴жᵽ


0793 ɷ«
һƬ֮УһɹϢΧƬռ䣬Ŀⶢվڷ֮һӰ
ֻӢ䲻Ȼ˫ӵУȴ͸һЦݣĿɨȺϣͬһɿµ֮ϵͷţĿ¡
ȺɵģǴеһ««֮ƣżϢľսѾ֪ж«С
ģǺôǶ֮ˣôһ˶Եñ«֮⣬㻹õıɣǷҲҪָͬһЩҲðԸˡ
ֻһ۵Ӱ꣬Ƕˣַ֮꣬ǵĶġ
Ȼˣеһжƾ£ҵõģȻУҪĻȡʵȻ⽫ｻǡĵЦ˵ô˸о⣬ĵʵǿֵõǿֲޱȣ˿Խ
ҪҪǲҪĻҿɾҪˡһЦȺĿһѵҪôŶ뿪ɣ
ȥʱڶĵͻȻһӰŶɱȥ
ɱһĻǰкüӰҲ˳ȥǲľôö뿪Ǳ«ֻһߵõĻᣬҪ֮
ĵĿ⵭ĳɨһۣںϣһϢƮ嶼סһƮ˵ĿֱֲӺ֮ϣȻ漴ȴֱӽ嶼סˣһҽ֮˵屻ֱ˺Ѫ
ò̵ֶΡȺһĻĿⶼһ޵ֶ̫ˣ˺ɷ顣
Ҫҳȫǡĵٶ֣һָָǺ«֮ϣʱ«һſµĻɫ˳ȥЩ˵ϣǵס漴˾ͿЩƵУޣĲ
ÿ¡Ⱥ΢ЩӲǺ«̫ˣɱ˲ѪֻҪ«е֮סɡ
Ҫⱦ𣿡ɨȺ˵һЩĿ⽩ӲһĬǺ«̫ˣѾ˹ˣȥᱦĻҲᱻɱ
ǲҪĻҾˡĵһЦ漴һ˲ϢʧȺǰܿ죬ֻܹһǡ
յУĿ˸һâ
ʬأȻһλ߸ۡõ˲ٱۡӦҲӦǿŶԡаһʶ˳ȥʬʬĸо񣬷ĻҲҵѾĹ
һĹõ˼ĺôܹҵĹĻ붼˸о
ڶ뿪һʱ֮ȻҲƬ֮أĿ˸
ɨһһۣ﷢ʲô
ɨһۣЦҵһأ˼ǷˣҪĻȥ׷
һЦȻ֪ԷĻ죬⵹Ҳû⣬ĿֻǶƬ档
Ųһ磬ʱԪۣ·Ԫ֮峯Ƭ֮ȥǳ֮ʶһУǷȥ
ΧȺһ˾Ȼ˷档
ţ漴Ŀ˸ǵҲƬ֮ȥǵصף׻ʲô
Ȼһʱ֮ȴֻһ˳ȴ·ʯ󺣣û˰졣
յУĿ˸Ƕкǿɷȥ֮вǹ⻤壬߳Ƕñ֮ˣҲзǷֶΣȻɷߵĵعж챦
һ۵£̾ϢһЩȥˣ¶Ѿ档
˫оǳ֮˸Ϣ·߿ǳųĿĹҫ֮λһλ·һλָղžĪϧ˶ñĵط
ǳתţ·Ѿסǹգǳָλ̾Ϣһ
ܹҵ𸮣Ϳҳˡ
һĽŲһ磬ʧ˳һǳָ֮ķλȥǳָ֮ķλֵܻܿ𸮡
뿪֮в˵λоַǡ
صɷַ֮һʬɷ֮أղŷսҲ֪˶ˡ
ҸоͬϢҲǵڶߵĸۡˡ
ƷĿһƬ֮أڹȥļҲв˽ؾУѵû˷𸮣ֱգǶҪ𣿡
ڤڤ֮жҲǻĹصҪǧĽճֻһ̤ؾˣעҪõǵĴСĪϧ˵޷˵壬֮ʱһ۹ʱįûųʱŻۣ£ǿҫǳעҪǵУЩ
û˵ĹҲҪˡʸٺЦַ㲻ÿɷ񣬵ϣģȥλ
˵գ˵ڿն𣬼Ȼ߸ۡĸλѾۡôۡһλˣֻǾλ̫Ѱˡ
ۡϢؾе˶֪ˣЩ֪ˣҲۡѰһЩıвٿ־֮мٵˣõ˰֮Щ˵õ˱صýģ֪


0794 ĮѪ
ȺŶķʱһƬɫɳĮУڵţУһ̣һǳ֮˸ָǰС
ӵĪǳʣ֮ǳӦ˺Ĺӵ˿ԵüΪص˳ΪĪ֪
ֻԼףΪܹӵģڤڤӵжӵҲҪƿشͨĴ߲ܹǿֶͨȥӣԶԶ㣬ƾģֻǳ֮һǳ֮Ϊָȥһص
Ƭ嫵ĽɫɳĮУر˿ţԵøĳȣһϵûз桢ûʬ壬ƺżȻȴţָָоƬɳĮУһʲô
ţʱǰһɫӰ͸һϢ
ѵһͣ뵽Ƭ浱жñնȥӰǴˡ
ֻǵӰƺҲܵʲô㣬عͷ߿һۣӵУһЦ⣬ЦоһЦݿºͣȴ衣
˺ΣգǸռթ֮ǳתֻһ۾ͷ·ҪԷȴԷЦҲѰ
ǡ˵ͷŲǰ̤
ܲ㾹ȻҲоˣΪƬɳĮص棬һرϿŬ֮ھ˵գǰнţЦŬѰѰˣ»һʱɱ˶ᱦɡ
ҲǡһЦƶţҵ˱أŶԷܴжߡ
ɵӣƬĮУȻҪҵյУкüӰշɹ˵
ûᣬ̧ͷǳ˵һЦһĸо
ĮУžûʲộ˶ֻ·뿪˻ͣǼ˵ǶƬɳĮ֮ػֱܳӦַʬصĵطпܣԸȥЩһŶĹȥѰ
ַ˳ŶУ˿̣ҲƬɳĮش
ȣûдɣȻһƬĮƷһƬɳĮ¶ȣطҪࡣ
³ַ㵭˵о·λ𸮳ĵطģƬĮһλûд
Ϊʲôһе˷ܡʸдżʣĿһĿŻʸ˷ܣƬĮУȻо˷ܡ
оʲô쳣𣿡ַŻʸʵ
ȥʸйâԽԽʢмֳ֮⣬˷ܣѪҺ·ڽȼյĸо
ŲŵϿȥʸ˲ڵ֮ϡ
ȺʸĶһŻʸһȥһۣʸѵĸӦʲô
ôַһ
ûָоԽԽǿˣ˷ܣҵѪҺڷڡʸдʣŲ͵ĿȻɳĮп·˴ص࣬صһĸоһǿҵѪ
Ⱥû뵽ʸָоѵߵĸۡƬɳĮصף
˸һŻʸȥڱãʸͣ˿̵ƻѪҺȼ϶һƬѪת
ָоʸͻȻ漴Ȼ䣬һ죬ɳĮϵĻɳɽʸ˷ĳ뵽صס
𡭡һŭ֮ǻʸ漴¡ľڴɳĮ֮ڲַֻһ촫·ʲôѵһ
䣡ĻɳгȥƬأȫǻɳ·ɳ籩ոջʸĵ棬һ޴УɳıоһѪ֮⣬Ҳ
ѪǿѪַߣһ漴ǿڴصһ֮ɫѪأޱȵ
ҵˡַĿһʸĸоǶԵģҵˣѪÿ£ǿѪ
֮ѪѪѪǿ󣬿ȥµĴߣߣǿޱߣǵѪǿޱȣԸ⣬ԽԼѪһѪأѪȥֻǺ߻ôˣѪʲô
Ȼߣƺôˣ֮ʱԼѪҺѪɳĮصס
ңѪĿ񱩳ȣ·֮ѪҺַ˰һѹƬɳĮôȣԭһƬôǿѪӰƬĮ
໥һۣ˶Է뷨Ҫ˵ĵӰ˸յУػƬѪء
ȻʸѪԵԵӦģǿĶºܿͻǿǰ
ܿ죬һӰ˸Ӱ˶ʶȻû뵽Ҳ
Ҳ£Щ㵣ַǷ
ô£һƬֲѪʵ
ǻʸֵģڼ̳Ѫַ˵ػʸ
Ŀ˸£漴˵ͷá
Ųһ磬ҲַһĿĿ˻ʸһۣ请ˣѵ请һע
ϣһΣܹʢһ۲񷣬ƺҪ


0795 ˭Ҷ
Įҡϣ統лһɿµѪǿңǼңԶ֮Ⱥܹһۿߵ
һ̫嶯ˣôĶɲôַԻʸЩǼһԴ治ôʹ˱ﲻ͵͵ģȻŪôĶ̧ͷȥַͿһӰٵĳ˸Ȼߵġ
ʱֻһ͸֮Żɫۣ̤ߵʱĿͻȻ΢΢һ
ַҲͬһ漴һɿµâַи֣ɱ֮
ɣû뵽ħ֮󣬻ָܻһֱõˡĿַ㣬¶һĨЦ⣬Ц⿴͵һ޺һ׺֮Уֻϵ֮ʧȥյ͡
ǺɣַϣɱݺХԽԽǿңЩ˵ɱ˭ģڵһλӹɡ
еıǶһֲ߻
ַ㣬ɲ˵ĺңҪ֪ûңҲĽ죬ǿһֱɳģȻڼ˲ˣѾǿգҲõõҴԼ֣ưǬ򡣡ƺûַǹɱ⣬ǳǳЦ
㣬ֻһͷַŲĿ죺ɱ
Ľַһնɱ졣
ַ㣬СһõĴߵıû뵽ַ㾹Ȼʹ˴ĳޣɵһ
츳Ȼ£ɳľĸܵնĽһһɿµ֮˳ɷ«֣ĳдһƣʱ«һɿµ͵ַ㣬£ЩǿĽʴеһУΪ
ַһÿµĸʴ֮ľȻҲõߵı
Ѫ֣Ѫݺᣬ趯ʱַǰһµĽĻǰɱȥ֮ڽĻ֮ϣ¡죬ٶȱʴľ
ҫ۵Ľɫ⻪ţֻӲӵĪϧ嶼Уֱƿǿµɷ֮˸ŶĵԴȥ
Ҳ챦һֻɫĻ⽫һɷ֮ѣĵȴһɷɷ֮һطַˡ
ˡ죬ֻһ޴ĹӳŶֶȥʱֻоһƮǹɷ֮Ʊס
ɱǧŭХŶնɱȥֲĽâ·Ҫ˶ɵ
һַǿöĲ⼤һ˵Ŀ£ûеõ«ַ»ᱻɱ
ȥһɷ«֮Уһ֮Щȫס«Уַɱֺһƣɷ֮ĴӺ«³ڿգʴһС
ַеĽ趯ؽĻ֣ɼǿɷ֮ȫֵס
ַ㣬ڡһԶԶĴ漴ַͿǷŴĺ«֮У뿪
ŶĵӰת˲ʧַһâĺ«Ȼɱ˶ġ
˸ĪϧصַߣҲͬԶȥӰǺ«ÿֲƺҵĳۻҪɹɷҼΪ䡣
ڵһ¸ۡõڵڶֻۡõһǺ«ɴҲ֮С˵ʵַ֪
ַȻߣǿһ˿ƷǬκһǿı᲻
Ȼһաַ͸⣬һˣβ˿ȥսֱ뿪Ľգûиı䡣
ԽԽǿƬ򣬿ɳĮµѪˮǵж̰֮ɫرһرѪأǼѪܿ¡
ܹȥϴһԻõ޴ĺô뵽ǿѪѪأǵʲҲܹǿǣǶѪӵе׺
ЩղΪɳĮ²бȺصǰһĻҲһȻȻĳ˱
ַ㳯ѪؿһۣʸѾ׵ûѪصУѪϴһĻ뵽ԼҲɹһѪأѪأǰҪܶࡣ
յѪʯУǧѪѾӷ࣬˲٣Ѫƺ߸ӡסˣֱղŴ󺦳ܵӡ֮ƿټ߱ʵǿޱߣѪûйǲڡ
ַаһǵôǿǿɣֱɣ֪жǿҵЧ
ʱַҲѪصУѪصϴ񣬵Ȼֻһֳ嶯ʱʸΪλֳ嶯Ϊꡣ
ۼǿԽԽˣȺе̰֮ԽԽʢٵʱǶҶ֣ĪϧƷϵƺǿ󣬻ַղŵʵҲֲܿû˸˶Ͳͬˣһ֣лᡣ
ʱһ˿Ⱥ˵λѪ̺ǿѪܹõϴԡУһܹõ˺ôһ֣ЩնɱȻһѪء
͡Ļո£ͿһѪɫĽ⳯նɱӶַŭδͷţ˾ҵͷһֱն˳ȥŭһ硣
ͫ͵£æȻȴûаãַĽǿһ۾ţղŻԡѪصõźô˿̾ѾǸˡ
˭Ҷ֣ɱַŭһɱ˭ҳ֣ɱ⣬ݣ岻סЩˡ


0796 Ĵ󺦳
Ȼһţ˲ɱһˣе̰Ҳ˼֣Ŀ΢ЩӲÿֲһ룬Ǹղڸղ˵λãֵܹסַղһ
˶֣Ƕ㲻һӵؽ־磬侳֮ˣƿص־أӵǿͨһȻǸ־أ̸ס
ֻ˵ַ㣬ѾԶԶ˦Ǹţʵֲ̫
ľַر޷׵ķģôĸӡ
ɳĮصףǿֲѪش˿̷·ǷѪĳַǿϢţķ˸
յʱת۹ȥȺԽԽ࣬ڼ䣬޷סˣһȺͬʱ֣Ȼ𺳵ģʮ˵ǿͬʱֻ֣Ǽʱ䣬ȫĨɱɾ
ַѪѪһɱˣǵѪҺѪ졣
ĪϧɫۻѪ˿档
ƷĹӷѹķһֽ˻ĸ
ǳ֮⣬ǳշѹһУ뿪ֲ
ʵƫŮӣտޱȣǺɢâ޼᲻ݣпµ޷죬ɱ˶
ˣǿޱȣ˸û˸ҶǷ֣Щʹõǿ
Ѫ湻յİƷﳯ·ѪؿһۣЦ˵յԽã֤ŻʸõԽĺô
תۼ䣬Ǽʱȥյɻǽֵľ棬ʱѪطԽԽƷѪطХ֮ź
𣡡
һǿĺ죬¡һ죬ȺĿȫͶѪأͿһӰ
Ӱ͸ŽâϷ·޾ͷĽƳӵ֮ҫҫԡ
ĵǣ˿Ӱϣһͷ쳤Х·Ҫһ
ӰУһ޸޴ĸͷҲ͸Žâһͼ·޸ŭХҪƿ񷡣
⻹Ǵ󺦳𡣡
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬˿̵Ĵ󺦳ͺ֮ӣɽսҪǿ޸նɱħ
ٺ٣ԭһӻΪԼʯͷĳء󺦳һ仰ַʱû뵽һĳôһ仰ַҲΪ𾪣ߣǻʸ棿
ַ㣬ҿˣѹҵĸоôǿңԭƺӵͬһѪ˵ҵڡʸЦ˵Ҳ˸ղŻʸѹͻȻĸоԭĺйء
߽ѪҺѪ֮ӡɳĮ֮£ͨбֻӵѪˣܹӦߣڵһӵͬѪˣûб˷֮ǰǿߵȵ˻ʸĵ̳Ѫõǿս
㲻֪ԼַЩ죬ʸܹнյĳɾͣѵԼ֪
ٺ٣֪СҰųģⱲҴ󺦳ԸǻһʥŮʥŮȢţҵ־ǲС˵㡣ʸԴȻˬʺȻȴַһĬȻˬʵĻУγ͸һᡣ
֪ԼҪȢʥŮΪޣ֤һԼڹѹһһֱѩš
ӣһѩܶġַЦ˵
ʸ˵ͷЦŵҲôá
ȺУһѩ׵Ӱվǣ̧ͷսӰĿ⼫ĸӣַᵽѩǰַ㡢ʸǵʸճʱ֮ʸܹû뵽ô죬ַ㡢ʸˣԼǺͬȵλĴڣʥŮѩȴֻվڵ֮ȥ
ĵУһ˿Ļں֮⣬м֮УҲ⺩ɵĻʸܹΪһսƿһƬء
ַ㣬ѪصѪŨ̫ǿˣҸ޷ȫɵҲȥҲһ½ǡʸַЦַĿһȻѪѪأԴ󺦳Ϊղ
ַĿ⿴һˣʸֵģȽȥǣһֱѪľ
áַͷЩСڣ΢΢ͷ漴Ųһ磬ֱûѪصС
̼䣬һȵϢתţʹַ塣
𡭡һ֮Ѫصдһô£ôַȥҲХ
һҲ֮ѪʸһЦ漴ĿɨȺ޴ڼͷȺŭȵʲôҿ
ȺһŻʸ쵰ַȥѪصϴȴҪǸߣ̫쵰ˡ
ӽҲҪһأʸ建ĳǰȥһִֻ֮ϣȫ˵ʮ֮⣬򣬱Ҳ
˵ɫһ˺ǳ˵Ƿ̫ˣǲᱦѵ￴С
ʸ³޴ӼͷˣҪǻп￴Щֵʵǿ󣬿ǶͶ˰ɣȻҲضǿ
㣬⸫ͷжʸ˵գֱ۷죬һĻߣսնɱ
𣡡һХ֮ģȺֻһµĽâţƬռ䶼ǽɫĻ⣬նȥڽ⵱УһͷŭХֱӺ˵ϣ̼䣬˵ֱӻΪĩ׵ʧڿռ䵱Уҽж
ǻʸŸͷĿɨˣԵޱȡ


0797 Ⱥս
˵ɫǳѿʸѪϴֶ챦ղһͷӳ·һʲôֵסӰ˵ϣֱΪޣ̫ˡ
ߡ֪ûϣʱֱӷȥŶᱦȥط
ܿ죬һӰ˸뿪ƬĮַǹݣ̫ǿˣͲܹԸ˵ġ
ٺ١ʸЦ£ƺмֵ֮ɫһͷţȫ˵ĸоƺء
û뿪ˣǼصĵˣѩʸѩһۣĿȴƽ˺ܶ࣬ûǰֿȺͰĽͺַ˵ѩʺ߸ϡһԸҲû˼Ѿնϡ
ѩʸĵȻĿ⣬ȴޱȡ
ҲҪˣиǡ˵һŲǹ˸Ȼֱ뿪ߡ
𸮸ۡѾѾԽǳ𸮸ۡסõĴС
Ȼһսַܸ㣬ַΪ䣬䣬һַٰ㣬֮λأ请帴ǿ󣬶崣ߴѩ壬⵱ȻõĽ֡
ѪϴܹǿαأʸһǼһҲǸˡ
ˣǿҪӰԶȥܿʧ
ַڽѪصĴԶмӰ˸һŻɫۣȻȥĶġ
ֻʱĶߣദ˺ĵӰУкһڶĵ꣬һϽ۵Ŀӣ˵ڶпǼĴ֮һϽӰԣ˴ؾΪһ
˵Ͱ⣬ˣһˣǶĵֵܣѩ̫Ӷ޵
ڶ޵ߣһˣͷʹڣ͸һλߵ֮һʷ㣬޵壬ܵļӣص޵Ϊ񣬵ʱ仹̫̣ǿڻʷӴҪʷĵ֡
ˣǷǳǿ֮ˣǶ̤ɳĮ֮ء
ȷ˵ģʷĿ⿴ģϴһɻߵİȻ֮⣬·ǵۻʡ
ƭ㣬ҲƭֳɡĵЦĻ޵ޱ飬ֳֻһЦܵܣǰƭúܲңص̫ˡ
ʷ㲻ÿɷ˵ĻһҪȥһģĹûҵ߸ۡͬǳĲܹõЩȻʵͻͽ
쵽ˣǿָָԶ֮أʷ̧ͷʱĿһȻɳ죬Ѫǿ󣬶ģƺûƭǡ
ߡһӿ첽ٵĳƬռ˸ȥƬĻɳ֮ǰʱ߼ûˣΨյУغŵϵѪأɳĮѪأ͸ĲǿϢǣѪ
ӡɫۡЩĿɨЩȺϣͫһŶĵĻˣ⼸ǼļµϢǵУ㶼һĨ˷֮⡣
ǽɫۣҪˡʸָžĪϧŵĳۣĳۣӦΪ
սҵġԵĶŻʸо޴ȫ̰֮⣬Ǹͷĵһۣϲˣһ͸
λǵʵǼټ챦ǿޱȣ֪Ҳǿ󣬵ǽСһЩҵʵ΢޷ȥԤףλԼϲı
Ķż˹˹֣Ц˵
ĵ˵ͷ˿̵Ѿûˣȫȫǿϡ
ֻж޵ŶĿһۣ漴ͿˣȻ뿪ߵһжûаϵ
ַѴѪгˣһ۾ͿЩȺ֡޵жȻʶˣһϽۣһǶ
յļһַɨһ˸뿪ĶģĿĮ̫սթˣȻ⽫໥
Ͷ޵һ۾Ϳַ㣬͸ǿҵս⣬ѩսַ̨㽫ǶսܣǼ£һֱҪսַ㡣
ɡʷɨַˣ³һɡ
ַ㿴ŻʷһЦ˵塢
գѩ¹֮붫֮ˣǳɱ¾ַ㲻ǡ
һΧ˿ҲˣĪϧƷʸģ˿ѪصУѪصĴ
ˣˣԷ֮⣬ĪϧпǶб
Ҫðɡ³һĮȻЩԼǱ㲻ÿˡ
ǳۣҪˡʷŲһ磬һ죬ֱӳžĪϧȥ
սҵġ԰ڿգŭ壬ʸҪ֮ս
ֺͶ޵򶼿ַ㣬սȼա
ҵġֽŲһ磬ַ˸ȥ֮⣬
ߡ޵һַͬȥҲҪַս
ǵÿַ³һ֮Ųһ磬죬յУ֮־Ƭռ䣬޾Ľ֮
־޵͵һû뵽ַ㾹Ѿǿ־磬һս
Ҫҳ𣿡ˣƷȴδս
ãأлɱǣץסַ㵭˵޲͸ſ֮⣬Ҫһ֮սͶ޵


0798 ս
սʼʱƬռ䶼ǹŭХ֮ȫǿֲϢƷ⣬˲սÿһ˶ӵпµս
ʷһǿޱߣӵл֮Եȭ췭ظƿؼǿ似ͨ
ĪϧȻͬʵǿ似ͨϲԷǽɫĳ޼᲻ݣԷʵǿҲֱײ˫սüļҡ
ʸһֶʯ쾪һϽ֮ӣ֮ѪƿսɽӣǿԵ·˿ɵȻʸͬӵ֮ѪϴĻʸ緢ͬİԵޱߣ֮ս·Ҫ춼ƿÿһͷ¶ؽռ䶼һǿľ
Ͷ޵ˣǸַܵµĽ־֮ûоܾ֣֮־ȫǿµİҪƷÿһƺǿĲ־ѹַ㣬˺ѵ÷顣
µǶ޵ͬʱʹ÷ӡ֮־ÿһ͸ŷӡַ޷ķӳսӡ־־һ֣ףصĽ־ƶĨˡ
£ǹȻûаװ׶ȹַĮ³һһƺˣͶ޵ˣһ붫һ壬ܵǿŵǿָ̣Ϊͻͽѩȵǣ֪ǿ˶٣־ǿͨαǿ
ҲһĻӦһŭһ죡
£պХ·һɾ޴ޱߵӿѹַѹȥƺ춼Ҫַշ÷顣
ַ̧ͷգ̫֮ӳϣ̼䣬ַϣһŻȼնַˣԡ֮ս
ħ֮תַϴżɫĹ⻪Ѫصϴ񣬴˿ӵǿ
̧ƣֱַӺһȭ·Ҫоһ졣
Եȭ޵ŭһ·ǧޱ߾볯ַɱȥͬʱ޵һֻȻһۣʱһɷӡ־ַϣ·Ҫַ嶼
ַվһɿֲĲ־ѹȡӡ־ӡ췭ظԿȻ
ҹַ˫ȭֲſµĻ棬Եȭ˲Ϩ𣬶޵һֱ֮ϳһɿµĻʵ֮
ʵű޵סֱַۣʱı첻ϴֱַۣ·Ҫֱַ۸
ţַһֱһѵǿޱȣоű֮߱ʱоͷҪѣɵľǿ似ҪĹͷѵ
ħֱ֮ϣı촫ֱַȴȻβơ
ǸһĨ֮⣬ַĴʱһľ޴ħƽ޵ǣ˹ȥҪ޵ɷĩ
޵һֱջأ漴˫ͬʱֱ֮ϣǺɫֱ۸ѣһ̣һޱߵĽɱ硣
⣡
䡢䡢䡭
޵һӡֵ֣֮ǰַǶһͬʱһӡֱ֮ӳַȥҪַ㳹׵ķӡס

ַЦһ־ص׵ͷţ޾ǰķӡ֮ϣͬʱҲϵĺһµʱַ˷ȫĿӰ
ꡢꡭӡ֮ŶѣĻһַϣ·лȼգ֮·Ҫ۳һ޼᲻ݵ
ÿ¡Ͷ޵ܵ⽣Ŀ£ͷʱĲ쵽ַͷס֮־ûа㱣޾ͷš
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ַŭХһɱ˳ȫ˵꣬ȴһɲ־ֱҲ˳ȥַ㣬˶һǰơ
͡͡ռ䣬ַ·һʧ޼᲻ݵһȵķӡ֮ţӡ֮Ŷ˺
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¡¡һ˿ճռ䶼ݺݵ£ΨûַӰ
޵һȴ˲ϢɫҰףַ뽣ϣƿӡ֮ţ޿赲ͺһ㣬ݽҧ
꣡һ촫·ʲôʱڶ޵ϣһ貵Ļ֣֮޵˵嶼ַ֣㻯Ľڶ޵ϣȴо˿ճǿµĻʵַ֮˶С
ȥ޵ޱǿĻַɱȥû뵽ٴַ㣬սһˣȻ֮ﶼõˡ
ֲַ̫ˣоԼƺַԽԽˡ
ɱʱҲˣַһµͬʱһҪַɱ
ˡ죬һ˲ϢĹâ޵͵嶼Ҫסǵһ̷·һ
ַŭתѪ֮ŭѪѪŶ޵ˣ꣬ͬںһƺͺˡ
ˣһ죬һֱȴƷڳˣǿĹֱӳŵȥ
ִټֲ̧֣ͬʱƳǹӵĺȻڹӺ˫֮ϵʱһѪͶ޵ĸҲѪַһɨˡ
޵͵궼ˣԪ֮ڸתָƣĿ⽩Ӳַ㡣
ˣû뵽ǽ֣Ȼκεַ㣬һɳ̫ˡ
ˣٶ죬ŰԺȥͬʱʸŭХһս΢ӲİԾ޷ֱӱս˺һѪ⡣
ʷҲù;ĪϧսȫԸȻǲǵ죬Ϊͷۡ
ϣŲСƣᱦδЩǱǿݺƵȻ޷սù⼸ˣ


0799 һƱ
޵أӡ֮űַǿĽֱնѣ궼һټϸղַһ˿Ϣ΢Щ鸡ַʶһУ᲻֪һ㣬ɫĮ֮ʹöյг־ŵӰȫַ㣬Ŷ޵ɱȥ
ţ곯Ŷ޵һۣûоԮǶ޵ˣ֮䣬ַֻʱһ¶ԵУʱ໥ҲǶ֡
ֲĲ֮־ţԼǿַɱ˶޵ôڸַһǿĹһõĽ֡
רĶԸʱƷַ㺰һ껹գҪȸƷԸ
ˣ
죬ŵ˹ȥֻǾ޴Ĺӷٵţֲ˲õо·𱳸ľӵһѡ
ĶҡƷһƮޱǿƣ֮ƣƴŹӣùӼ˵죬ƽһ𣬴һصɣֻоؼ·ɽڱѣŭХҪȥ͵Ϯַ㣬һܶûС
ȻôǿˡɫѿƷȻʵѩܹռǰʮеһϯλվо޴Ĳ࣬Ʒƾ豾ʵԼõĹӣѾܹˣҪ֪ǾµΪȵǿ˺ܶࡣ
ַ㻹Ʒ£ûаװ׶ȹѸ͡ԽԽǿˡ
ѩǰʮţ⣬ԼĹء
ٿ޵ŵַӰӳ·ռ䶼ˣ޷һ˲ַ㣬һϢѹ֮һɽһͫ͵֮ղѾõˣֻԼȥַֹ㡣
ҷ⣡޵ŭһֲķӡ־ͷŵ£ַľŵӰҪס
䡢䣬ꡭֻŵӰ˫ͬʱӶ·ͬʱ˳ӡ֮֮ͬʱֲĽ޵Ҫ޵ɱ
𣡡޵һ޾Ļ֮嶼ס·ʥӰ֣޶Ҫ
ͼѵ룿ַаη壬޾Ľ⻯һµĹϵĴĶ޵ûǿֲĻУʥ޵ӰҲҪѡ
¡¡ַһµŶ޵˳ȥö޵ŭХһ岻ϵѪţǿµĽ̴壬ˣǱַǰһƺ䵽ı
ȥڴʱһµַɱʥŭҪַɵ
ַĿһĿ£ȫɱɱ޵һӰ˲ʧֻʱʷͶ޵վһ𣬶ַˣɫѿ
˾ĪϧϵıﳤۣΪûʵȴ˵ĲпᣬеĽȻͬ˵ᱦսĹУƣѹƣַһˣԶԸͶ޵ˣĪϧԵֵסʷ㣬ʸںͰԵսռȨÿһθͷɱÿռΪ֮һ·ҪظƿĿֲ
ַǣһƷʱ֣պʱĸѹƵġ
ԺͻʸսҲͣһλַǣһζᱦûϣ
ֵǣһԻָԪĵҩһƱġַ³һȼţ͵죬ݺᣬԽԽǿַ£ȫŭХĻͽâ
ǿټ϶޵͵ܹ꣬ָоһˬɡ
˸ַܵͷŵĿֲϢַҪʲô͸ŶĿ˷֮⣬Ⱥ쵰Ҫᱦ͸һκݵģַһԻָԪĵҩôǽ˼ɡ
ٺ٣ҲôĥšʸŭХһϣ·һӰƣ·һҪ춼ն
ĪϧһȻĿԪ֮ȫתڽɫ֮ϣʱǽɫĳųǰδеĹ⻪ɡ
ƷЦһŲһ磬شƻξŭȴˣͬʱԪȫǹӿȥʱӲϵյзŴ

ڿգ˲併գһ죬֮·𽫶˵嶼סشöԷӲ
ҵڶĪϧһХɽ޾ֻһɫĻл쵽˼飬ˡ
죡
ӡ
𡭡
ɫѿޱȣ֮ͷӡ֮ޱͷţʷȫȫ޾Ļɽײһ͵죬Ѫڿзɢ
ȥ𡣡ʸһ⻹δţʸգ޾ȫһͷ֮ϣŭХµĸӰ¿յˡ
䡢䡢䡭
˵ϢޱȫԼ޸ײ
ʱһĺڰȻĻ⻪
ǻĺַȫԪЯĽҲһˣֻһ˲ͽٵǰеһУҪΪ𣬻Ϊޡ

ʷޱ鱣֮ʱǰһֲĹ𣬰³һ飬黯һӰܣɼ
ɫĻ潫Ƕûռ䶼Ҫٻ٣޵ڻʷ󣬱յûһƬڡ
ҵǵ꣬ԲֱֵӱʸµһͷնѣȻ٣˲ϮϣֱۣӶϣֱ۶նˡ
Ļ浱ͻȻһڵͫףַ˵ǰͷһ¡
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Է·һޱǿӴܣʷԻֿһУŶ޵˸뿪ΨˣҪӣȴֱӱַסַ޷ѷֺ
붫һҪĮ³˵Դϣ촫ҫ۶ĿţѩһȱΪһţַĨɱ


0800 Ѳ
𡭡ʸŭХһƺûй񫣬ŸͷҪԶ뿪׷ȥ
󺦳档ַ㺰һʸŶסͷַ㣺׷𣿡
ãҲġַҡҡͷʷ㣬ǶԼһûЩ֮ŶԷǱݣϻŷٽƣַоһ⣬ϧûܹնǼĻһʹɡ
ȡԪַ㽫ָ֮ˣ˷׷׷ȥȻͿȵԪٵĻָţǵһâĵҩĪϧƷ֪ѩȵ̨ϣַھս֮ʱƺҲùֵҩ
ַ㣬ǻԽԽֲˣϣ»˲䱻ĪϧЦҡͷһĵƺÿֲ
ţӣһҪƷΪȻĵͷղǻŵʱǶеһĲĿ־壬̫ˣֻĸо޿ɵֵԵӰܺͻʷĺ嫻ˣ㱻渲ϡ
ٺ٣ǳʲôֲַǡʸЦ˵ʱþĪϧƷҲ¶һĨЦݣַĻԽǿԽã֣ؾ˭棬ЩǿĴˣһԸǲࡣ
ַ¶Ц⣬һѪأ촫ĵѪгһĨѪת
ģоΣַʵԼѪصϴ񣬿ǸоǿˣõһĴ㲻ԪԴܹɱ侳֮ˣټӾתħͨ侳أɱ󣬶ң꣬Ҳõ˽һɱ䣬һδԵ꽫Բ
ҵʲǺʺϣɸоǿࡣĳ£ַ˵
ܹǿѾˣͨĹ˺ַһЦѪеѪ󺦳ģܹõ޴ĺôΪԵʣѾǳˣ˶ܹɱ䡣
Ѫ棬һгһ貵Ľɫ⻪ַͫһҲһ
еһɫƬܴ͸һĲϢ
ǡۣ
ַһһƬϢ˵Ļ񣬹貣ͺԶžϰƬһ
ǣҲǰյõı˵ַľѣۣǰֻڴ˵еͼڣ磬֮޲֪٣Ҳһ죬ܹ
󺦳棬ġĽӸ˻ʸʸ֮ӹһۣ漴Цⶫ̺źǿҲһ˵ʲôʱ͸ˣַ㣬͸㣬Ҳõһ졣
ַһ㶣ӹʸӹۣɨһۣ漴һҲû̫⣬ʸ˵̺ȵòϣǷϵġ
󺦳棬ѪδãַһѪصӵߺʹ󺦳ӵͬѪҲ棬Ȼôá
滹һЩⲻ֪ǰϼһѪѪأҲܸ˷ˣͷȫϰɡʸ˵ַ˵ͷҲʲô飬󺦳һֵģҲʲôÿ
ߵĸۡƺҵˣڣͻһۡˡ
ַ˵һĹѨûһϢǼȻ֪Ƭռ߸ۡӦȫھ
ʱĵĿַ⳯ıȥ¶Ծ֮ɫ
ַתָֻķλһǳ֮ҫۡ
ǳַüͷšһѵôǿǳַ֪УҲˡ
ʲô
ȥַŲһ磬ǹŵĵط˸ȥ˶ʱϡ
ȵȣһû˵껰ءʸںֹһòѾԶȥƵֹߵĸۡҳˣϹ̵ķ˵ܹҵĹǲ֪ļٵġ
˵ջʸӰ˸ҲŶȥϿŸ޴ĸͷ͸˷֮⣬⸫ͷڼϣ簡
ʱһλվһعĳڣĿɨһ۵ϵļʬ壬еǳ֮嫶Ŀ
תǵعĳ΢΢ܹǰԵʵңһһֱԼĵһ·ȥ
˵գŲݺݵһ̤棬ǹתط·ŲƬعıᣬҲԶҲڳˡ
̧ͷһʧǳ֮⣬૵һֱڣǧĽ죬ȱ֮Ƭؾȴǰδ߸ۡھ˳ѵڤڤעĹ˼̳֮ˣĻĿҲ֣Ĵߣָ˭
һȻڻע֮˵СС֮ˣĻҲ޷Ԥ⣬ǲλһߵĹѨ
ȡ̣֮У޷Ԥǳ֮٣ܹԤĹĴλģ
֮֮ϣߵڲͣתĵֱĸλ߸֮ۡء
翣תĿ΢΢һͣϵǳϵӿ̵У߶Ǳ֮ǹ⡣
һһе̣ըˣ
Цҡҡͷ˸ڣֻпˣ߸֣ۡţһΣĹһҲ̫ã


0801 ͶӰ
Ӱ˸Ǳĵعߣַ㿴Ǽ˵ʬ壬Ŀ˸
ƽַһ߸ۡڴ˴ôһΣֻһǹ漴ʲôûˡ
ѾˣۡѾˡĪϧ˵ʸƷ׷׵ͷԣѾˣӦ˵õ˴С
Ȼַĸоû⣬𸮵ĹѨˣƺʣ»ĹѨλûҵˡ
ٺ٣ȻˣҲҵĹҲ˵ʸЦ˵ʱ˵ĿⶼͶʸһҵ
ԣ˵յĻʽԼĹأ˭֪ģضһƬ֮أۡڵλãǶ֮ۡϢҲḡ֣ҿͨϵѪȥ֮֮ǿͿǻĹڵء
ʸЦ˵ʱһߵĸۡռݵķλȻӵ壬סƬռ֮޷ܵˣҲζţֻۡȫ֮󣬱˲п֮ͨҵĹλá
һУƺ
ڸ֮ܵ𣿡ַŻʸʵֻʸĿ˸һλȥָǷλ֮ǿ
ַһͣʸָķڷĵԴλҲ̽ǣҲǱ·ʲôûУмһƬ֮أκϢܲҲûпһʬ壬˵û˵ս
̫ͨˣͨ˵ĵһ۾ͻὫ֮׵ĺԵȻ˿̻ʸȴ˵ӵǿϢ
³Ҷ⻰û͸ءַһâ嫵Ŀռ磬ƬʱĴʬ壬ฮۡʯкǡҲб˶ܱھѰΨмƬеʲôûУⱾЩôôɾ
ѵǴ˵ĻĹڵصײɣַв²⣬ʲôûУǻĹǸλͿڵصס
󺦳棬ϸϸܣǶַ㿪˵ʸ˵ͷ˸ڵǰУûգֻڵϣܹĸ֮ܵ
߸ۡмƬ򣬻̣ȫǳƽûаĲ˼ЩѰ֮ˣķϵĵشʲôûС
ַһ·ǰУһӰôǿߣƬռĸλѰȥˡ
֮ԽԽǿˡʸһЦĸоԲдϢƺĹ֮ŨĵطôҲԶ
ַ˵˸ţʸĻһ˷֮⡣
Ĵ߶ǧ꣬Ƕһãȴرȴߵĵôͨ쳹صĻأ
ΪԼ׼ĹѨ֪ԼҪ׼ģǻߣҲϣҵ֮ˣֻϣܵ˵ĴţԸԶڵ£˴
һֿܣĹУһӵǿıʣƬռһᣬĹѨ򵥡
ǿϢʸĽŲԽԽˣһǰţܵ޵еǹεϢѪҺ·ڷڣ޵ϢܹͨѪ̫֮ǿˡ
Ųͣ£ʸ̧ͷƬռ䣬ʲôûУǸʲôƮŰƣϣһƬʲôûУĸоԲдӵмŨ֮
Ҳҵʱһַ˿ȥͼ̽ҲҵƬ򣬵˿ȴüͷΪʲôûз֡
ʲôûУصĸоĹĴڣܾܿƬռȻѾתãʲôһƬߡš˵ȻҲҵĸоˡ
ĸоˣҵĸоҲܴʸƬռ䣬ѪڲѪҺ·ڷڣôܸоӵǿϢͺ˵һĹĴڣһ
Ŀһû뵽ʸȻֱͬң˿϶
ȥص׿ʸȡϵĸͷ͵һ漴Ƭߵ·
ûõģѾԹҡҡͷȻһʱ̻ʸ˳дƣص׶˸飬ʲôҲûõع͸ۡ
֮ôǿңΪʲôʲôûУѵϹƭҡʸһоˬϢŶ
󺦳档ʱַͫ͵һŻʸ˵ҲڻʸϣĿ˸ŷâ
ôˣʸо˵Щ֣ԴЩһôʲô
ϡַ˵ӲĶŻʸϣͼ˿ڻʸϣһͼͼŵģһ嫵Ĺ
һͶӰڻʸϣ
ô£ַͫ͵̧ͷУʲôȻͼͶӰڻʸϣҡڲʵʵǾԲܻῴ
󺦳棬ͷѪ֮뵽ʲô㣬ַŻʸ˵
áʸ˵ͷȻַʲô˼ˣϵѪ֮ţǹɿԵϢޱ·ŭХ
ͶӰıǹĹͼ嫡ϣֱ·ơΨ֮
ǹĹأַһɫ𺳣ͶӰԽԽˡ


0802 ռ
ͶӰôйͶӰַͷ𺳣ĿŻʸ
õĹԵЩƮ죬ȻȻʸӵͶӰôһӵĹ
˵Ŀⶼʼ濴ȥռһƬƽΨлʸϵϢš
ţʱַͫ͵һԶտȥܿ죬ҲĿҲ޷ƿ
һޱߺ嫵ĹõƯǣĳֳϡ£ۻʾסĹ֮ۡ
¥ַһѹûܹҵĹԭΨҵ֮أܹ֮֮ǹͺǱ޵Ŀռ統С
ĹȺĺݺݵĲҵˣӹɣ⹬һǻĹһֱֻ޵Уۿ޷ǧһ
ַ˿ˣһ̣·ƬĮ֮ص˶ˣǵȫǸյеĺ嫹ȥ徹΢ЩͣǣŻߵĹ
ˣ
Ⱥֻо£漴˱㿴Ƭռ統У޾ĳǻĹ۶ȥռ֮أ֮ˣһΪ֮еĿռÿһ⣬޵Ĺȥ
嫵ĹҲ˼֣ԽԽ
紵ϣռ¡¡֮Ƭռ䶼ʼ񣬵ϵķӿ·Ҫƿ
߹ҪΪƬռΨһˣҪݡ
һ̣˶ͣеĶĿ⳯ͬһλÿȥǴڷ浱еˣֱӱƷŭ𣬵ڿռһλãܹܽƺңԶ
¡¡Ϸɳضڲַվڷ籩УֻоһɿֲҪ𣬽Ųȵڵ֮ϣɽ
⹬Ҫһж𣡡ַ૵һ˿̵Ŀռ̫ˣеһжŹȥҪƺᡣ
ߡѹַ˸ǹȥҲӦ˹ǻߵĹһֱҪѰҵģ嫵Ĺ
ַǣһ̣ˣ׿һУǹȥɿ紵ϣҲ̲סͷĲ
Ĺô
嫵ĹعУ׻Ļڵȴǣ
Ϊ빬ԵʣַǼȵ﹬¿գңޱߺ嫵ĹַϢĸоϵѹǻߵϣȥĹأҲҪ𺳵ĹΪĹľҲҪ϶
ߣûڡַ㿪˵漴Χ޼ʵĹ˸ѰĹعڡ
ʱ򣬻ʸָһɫһַ˵ͫ͵һɫ·㣬Ӵſ޿ڣԽüֱ̽ȥ
֮죬ͨʸ˵ռŭХڴ˵أ콫һɹУ·ĿͨС
ַ㣬ǽȥʸ˵Щɣ嫵Ļ߹˭֪ǷΣ
ûڡַ㲢δ̾ͨ빬УٶΧŹ˸ܿ죬ͫױһ嫵Ĺоͷ֮ܣλھŴλȫſž죬ƺ嫵Ļ߹ӵоŸڡ
ַ˵ɫ΢΢Ÿڣ޷ȷǷȫ
οַĿ⿴ųĪ֪ⷽ棬Ӧñͨöࡣ
ȵȿɣȥ̽ġӦ˵ַû飬Ҳðʧ빬С
ԽԽ˻ߣǵȻҲˣ֮죬ƺǻ߹ڣ˶ԥòýУ
ƴˣǲȥҽȥǵõߵĴУǽˡʱַһҧҧ漴Ųһ磬֮п룬˲û档
һҵĽַ˵΢΢鴤£ˣ
ڣ֮ţøղûг嶯С
ҲһĻ𺳵ˣôˣô䷢˻߹޷У
¡¡ǣռһнƶѵˣس׵ķ֮ϣ·һƣ¡¡촫Ƭռ磬·Ҫ
ꡭһ촫ȺĶĤֻԶĵ֮ϣһѷ죬أڿѡ
ÿ£ҪʲôȺȻ߹֮췭ظռ䷭һɼϢƬռ綼סƬռ磬Ҫ׵Ļˡ
ĹƬռ磬Ҫ𣿡
ĿԶ֣֮أ·Ҫ
ʲôһֻ֮ԶһööӨ͸ľʯһЩʯͷ貵ĹУ͸ſµϢ
־ַ֮֮˵ͫ͵£漴ַĽŲһ磬ֱգ͵һʱ貵ľʯУһ־⾧ʯַȻȻ־֮У̺־
־֮öࡣʱȺȫԶп紵вٹâ貵ľʯ
¡¡һɹɿµϢյӣ־֮ȺЩǷǳıܹ־㵽֮дô
ڰ徧ʯȺڴģܹõһЩر׸еĻߣһܹõĺô


0803 
ܹһֱ־ʯǽʡȥ̫ʱ䣬Ҳ˳౶ѹЩ˶츳ǵԴԶܱͨȵġַ־֮ߵļ˵ȥһЩǵдá
˷׷׵ͷȻҲף貵Ĺâ˸ᡣ
ǣռ˺ѵԽԽǿңرѣռѺۣѣַüͷţĹҪƬռһᣬ̫ˣǽ˻ĹҪƬռһл
־֮Լ֮ûб˶ᵽ紵ڻ߹֮ϣ˲ʧֱǶУϵӻĹĿֲơ
ַӰ˸ٶȶ¼־֮ȺǱҪ취빬ˡ
ַӰٶȻۣõһЩ־֮һɫأյֿµĺڰѷУ̫ˣ˿һ۱оĿģǱǺڰѷɵ»˲
ĹأȻĹأߣϣ˴ĹأҪȫһᡣ૵ַͷһ߽Ĺعö˵أҲϣܹ֮ԶİϢ
Ҳһַ£漴ԻߵǿͨϣҵĹأܿһҲȴһԻ֮ùĹӰ֣˵һҲҲʹ󺦳ͬѪһһڵȴĴߡ
ַķ΢΢ͷƺȷֿܣȻҪռ䣬һᣬһ˿˵һ
˵˼ҪȵĴ֮ˣһҪֻ֮ǻ֮Ϊ֮˵Ŀ⿴ʸ㻹ܸܲܵν빬
ʸҡҡͷʱоΪʧȻҲֿ֪ԺСʸѾõĴУĹϣ̫С
Ǳˣ߿Ǳħ׷ɱŲĹأĹصУħҲһ׷ɱĹأ嫵ĹĹشƹƷһȺһԣ߾ȻǱħɱôħһ⹬Ĺг
ħʣһߣǱħ׷ɱŲĹصġ
ˣܹ׷ɱߵĴʵεͨ죬ܳ磬Ҳֶͬν롣ҡͷǣֻпԼ
˼ǣַʵ
֮·Ҳһڣһһֻ̽ߣȻƲҲд֮ˣĺҲˣǣҵĴкˣǽȥ˵ţǻ߿϶Ͼ·֮£ƬĿռһᣬһᱣסԼѪˣң²⣬ĹϢɻߺ˴ģÿƬռǿУĺˡ
Ҫץʱˡַ㿴һۻķ籩漴ڵһ飬ҺһĪϧʸһǷ·ҵ֮ˡ
áͬ⣬ڵȷҪʱ䣬ǻķ籩֪ʲôʱͻὫһɵ
ˣΪ飬˸жַĶԼٶҵ˵ڶڣѾв˻ڴˣڣ֪ܲܽ
ַһɨȺ˲䣬ĿһϣϽ֮ɫĳۣϿͼˡ
Ųһ磬廯ӰֱַӳǶ֮˿ȥ˿ַһ˺š
ָɫצ֮צַץȥֲ·Ҫַ˺ѡ
ţһָ죬µؽ־ȫָ⣬ʱ촫Ƕǿ߲ҽһֱ˲䴹ȥ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ַ̽·ӵмǿŶԷץȥҪ㣬ȻٶַѸͣ˲䱻ַסֲϢ֮У¶Ŀ
ðԵļһȺַ㣬оһһֱӾҪɱˣðԵ
ַֻŲһ磬ʱ֮أֱ͵һ˦Ƕ˦ڵУͬʱ޾ĿֲŶ˸ܵɿµĽжַ㣬ɫͣı任
ȥµָˣĽâŶɫ˲Ұף⽣ɱɡ
𡢻쵰˻һӶݹȥ
һ˲ҽһȺһȻðԵַ㣬̽Ƿȫ
ߡַ˸뿪һڶȥûͣƬ̣Ҳ׷׷Ӧ˹Ƕַȥ
Ʒͻʸ˵֮أҲвȺȻڷһҴսǶ΢΢һ㶣ķ籩ѾѹȵǾȻս
ţʱƷ﷢ЩԾЩսеǲǵĴλɱˣܶսţͻȻ˲սһ͵ϮսˣԷɱȻϣɱȥЩ˸ʶġ
ʱһĿǶ˵ϣƷһǻʷͶ޵Ҳɱ¾
ܿ죬ս˲ˣЩŵˣƺһģһ
ߡʷɨƷһۣ漴һۣһֱӿ쵱У棬ûлϢҲûвҽ
Ʒͻʸ𾪵һĻˣֻЩŲͬεȺǾͬһʱ̣ȫ˻ۣ˸͸һɻ֮ңϢǳǿ󣬶Ƿǳǿ֮ˣӵлѪ
ЩȫȥҪͨ죬Ĺء
塢壬Ĳ²ⱻ֤ʵˣĹڵȴˣ壡


0804 ̤Ĺ
Щٶ죬ֻ˲Ϣʱ䣬ȫĽ쵱С
ʸƷֻʸƷȥ֪ͨǣš
áƷ˸˲뿪ȥ֪ͨˣķ籩ԽԽˣﾹȻһͨڣȻҪٶȽ˺򻹲֪ᷢʲôʡ
¡¡촫öڵĻʸ͵һֻ֮󣬱һĿĹ⻪˸漴֮˸貵Ľâ죬ڻıպϣҪΨһͨ
áʸһҵΨһһڣȫͨڽĹصģ˸ڣܿܶأһգȫҪ棬ƬռƺѾ֧Ų˶ˣʱܻ
𣡡ʸзһͺ֮漴ֻŲһ磬޴Ĳߵ֮У˫͵һ䣬ʱһƵ촫ʸȻǿ󣬵޷֮·޴ڻıպϣܿ죬ֻܹһ˵ĸ߶ˡ
ͣ¡ʸŭһ·֮ӰŶ˫ֵ죬ޱȾ޴֮պϡ
𣡡޾ѪϢţʸĿѣ㾡ȫڣպϵٶȻ¡¡ɣڻĺ£
ǿҪҿ㰡ʸҧ¶ϵɼ˫֮֮·
һ˸ǿʸ˫оʱ΢΢£пһ۵ϵʬ壬ƺʲô
ڣڡȺ˲Ϣ˸ӻʸԿУȻڻպϣɺüˡ
ڣǽˡһ洫ʱͫ͵һ·Ƿһжȥ
˭һסеҲԽСʸ˻³һǱպϵѾ嶼΢΢Щˡ
ţЩ˳Żʸһۣ漴һЦȻ䳯Żʸһơ
һ촫ʸ͵һֻ˫ϥ΢΢£ּ˫ס棬ŭ쵰𡣡
ֲϢķڣ·ŭȻԷѾĹصУ˼ʸǺ޲ûʸֻҪǽĹؾ͹ˣȫ棬߹ǵˡ
ϵ˵˸ĹصУڽ֮ǰһܺƣ»ʸֲܣ˭ȥˣȵǴӻʸϿʱ޲¶ĿǿֱӺڻʸϡ
̶Ƭʱ䣬ʸ˼ʮ˵ĹɫȫѪ嶼Ѿ˵ϡ
𡭡ֲѪ֣֮ڻʸϣֻ˫ϥڵϣ˫죬г˼֮ɫֻҪַǣ·һĻ籩ѾҪƬĹˡ
ڴ˿֮·ҪŲܽ룬˸м˿ʸʱ£⼸ˣ֮ˣһ请֮ˡ
ңʸĿⶢѩǣѪ³Ŀġ
ѩ˸£΢΢Щɡ
һѡѩԵĺ궯긡֣ʸԣغŻʸ貵ĹâĿһ֮Ҫģֻûʸ˵Ĺͻʸһ֮·Ļ͵Ϯһȭ޷֧š
ţ˭֧һ¡һЩ֮˺ֻһӰ쵱Уȴû˳ֺͻʸһ֧죬̫Σˡ
һǸϿĹɣõߵıﴫУĹؼһĮǰɵӰ˵գɨ˻ʸһֱۣӽĹصС
֮˸ῼǰæ侮ʯѾΪԸʱ䣬ĹҪ䣬صҲûж˰ʸĹǰ˭ܲҡѩƬ֮ҲĹصУɵĻǿΪǿʢУѾЩַʸˣʥŮѾԶԶûǰĹԣ˽һֱ
ҲһЩϵ֮ˣǱʸ򶯣ĬĬغߣȻܵһʱĹصУȵʸ֧ŲסˣٽȥҲ١
󺦳档Īϧȸϵˣʸǵһͣ漴˸ʸһ֧ǻڻ½졣
𣬾ͷ֮·֮·ڣ쵰ŭһߺ޲ѣĻ籩ԽԽǿңذռ˺ѵҪһС
֧Ų˶ˣôûĪϧһ漴ǿ˼Ӱַ㣬ȻǶˣԡԼĵˡ
ǿǰһĻĬ尲̤죬ûĹ֮ǰСĽ
Сǡ˵˼ɣЩֱӳ֣ˡ
ȻȵЩ˶ؾ֮һЦӺ洫˸о쬵ģͬʱԶƷַԼ˵ӰڳˣһȦòױƷҵڷ籩ǰС
һ漴һ˫ַſ죬峯ȥһޱȵļϢȺϱ֮ǹ⡣
һҽһ˱ɷ֮ɵˣ漴ֱӵȺǰ棬ǹɼɷǲǳ֮ϣ޷κε
ַ㿴Ķλ᲻ף˻һ⣬˲쵱УŻʸ;Īϧһˡ
¡޴촫Ⱥ嶼ݺݵ£쳹׵ıպϣһжˣȴǵĽǻ
ڽ쵱еˣ˸֮ͨ·ǰУܿ죬֮߳·âϣǶ˿嫵ĹĹأ


0805 ʵ
֮ȿ빬Уʱڹĳһط֮ǿ߽Ųȫͣˣǰʷ㡣
ôʷ㿴ǰһУɫÿ˿УһŽӲӵĵͼͼɫĻ⣬֪ʲô죬оȻ͸һԶŵϢ͸Ż֮
汻ħ׷ɱ·ţѪˣͼʼϣһμʼԺУбͨʾϧʱʼΪǿ޷ܵסǹɼ䣬ʾֻƪƾ벽ƪʾʼֶͨΣưһ壬ѰĹҪõʾйʱ֮磬ɾͲҵ
ʷԺӿֳһμ䣬ĳȣ
ǧţʼ涼ÿһΪʾŬڽգ֮ĹҴȫѪ˽־ʾȻ׺ɣħ׷ɱˣ֪˶ôǿսѾǵͼǵˡ
ΪǰһУѾ͵ͼȫһŵ»ʷŲͣ£ӿ뷨˵ʷҲףһ֮ħ׷ɱ빬ʴսŵòȫǣĴư֮
ô죿޵Ҳ֪һЩǰһĻŻʷʵ
ʷƬ̣漴ˣΪӪֿжסǵĿֻһʹԿһҪҵʹʷǿʹǹİϢ֮أҲ޹һܹõʴУУʾ
ھ½ܹɾͻ֮ϯλ֮ˣ޲ǿٵ֮ߣΨл߿Ĺȡ׺ңžˣʾͬˣǻ֮ǿͨ쳹أܹõʾؽưǬסʥݣָ֮ҫ
ˣôܹĳȣ˿һĶ־ǧǵһ̤Ĺصˡ

ַ˿빬֮ĿɨһΧûеĺϣһƬ棬һĻȺ£ǻΪߵĹѤĿģȻ֮󷴲ȴǼ󣬵ư֮
йһ𺳵ĴսȺаΨַ֪ô£Ϊħ׷ɱ·ǰһĻ˵Ҳܹô¡
찡־֮ȫ־֮ʱһ𺳵ĺֻһ˿һѵͨʯâ貣ǶһſŶĿľʯһɹɿֲͷŶǿ󣬶ǸֲͬЩ貶Ŀľʯȫ־֮־֮׺ʯ
֮ԸҺΪ˸ᣬΪ̫ˣЩƵʯǽ֮ϣȫǣ˭ռࡣ
һȺ˶ʼ־ֻ֮ҪõЩ־֮յȵǿ־Ȼʡȥ̫Ĺ򣬶ң˽ܹõĺôԼ֮µ޶ԣ־֮ǹ屦Ȼڸ߸ϵĻ߶ԣͨʯͷֻ׺һ¡
ǶȥɡַΧȺĿⶼЩ˵ͬʱǶסЩˣ֮ˣִأɿãˣ֮ͬ壬һֻΪᱦַҲ
áЩ˵˵ͷȥȡ־֮Щ־֮óȥǹ屦Щ侳ǿۺ죬Ҫ֪ЩǬǿ־ֱ֮Ҳܹõóģֻ츳ǿǿ߲ſżȻһЩ
󺦳棬оôַĶùһЩҩʸãʸȷʵأ˵ҩûָ
£ȥȡ־֮˳ҲһЩʸһЦԵúѡ
ǻ߹־֮Ƕرڻ߶ԣͨʯͷûʲôȻǻ߹ر־֮ıǣ־֮С
Ȼǽ˻߹ȱ־֮Ͳεı
ٺ٣ҲԣðײãһûùöأԼòԺóȥҲСʸЦ˵漴󲽿סƣȥȡ־֮
һַЦҡҡͷȴǽ£ʸΪ˵ǣ˫֮·ֵ֮飬ԣС
ַҲʼȡ־֮ˣ󺦳˵ҪײҪԻ߶־֮ʲô㣬ǶȴǱ
һ̵Ⱥ׿һУæµȡȵߵ־֮չһգǵ˸Źطȥ߹׻ʲôرڵȴǣ
ַҲʼ⹬УĴѰ־֮Ȼͼıвҵ͸ſİ֮Щų֮˰֮ʵǶԣ˵֮ͨ
־֮а֮⣬в˼һЩǿĲϣҲ˿˲ͼǽϿŵԼּѾȥǧ֮ãһжǱķǳá
ʱַҵһżĹӳ¾ɣڴϷ޴ּ֤
ֲԾз·̺֮켣˿һ۾ͺ޷԰ΣԵĳ˼С
ʵʵʵ֮أʲôطַ㽫ǹ֮Żƿ촫ǳ¾ɵĴУһʯڣԼ


0806 ǧŵһ
䣡ǼַֻоԴ˵һ죬·ΰֱӡǵԺУǵ궼Ҫս
ÿ¡ַһĿƿĽŲȴ˴У񡢺ʯϷֱּء
ٶ̧ͷַųǿķâĶֻоһϢ֮дͣѣ·ס˺Ҫı˻һ
ӵпµ־ǿޱȣֻǿһۣ궼̫ˡ
ǹ֮ʵĵ𣿡еĹˣַ㡢ĪϧƷԼʸǷֿߣ˿֮һĿ͵Ĳſ죬޷˵
̫ǿֲˣһе־ǲӣĴߡʣͨ쳹ء
ǵһгֽ˰֮ܣĿҪأУ޷졣
һַ嵱еĽڲԾţصĽ־ͬʱ˳Ȼڿʱ˲䱻ĨɢΣͺûдڹһϹ֮ʵĵǰĽСÿԷ̺Ͻ⣬ɱ֮ĻѾء
콣ʣݺ½޷죬δ˵η֮ˣ˭ΪУһն֮ɱ֮İ죬˱УὫ콣ʵڴ˵أϽԣԴʵ
һԾּ콣ʺʯ֮ϣѾȥǧ֮ãּô͸ּȺܹܵһɿµս·͸ּܹջߵӵе
ڶһŮӣĲһ۷·޷԰ΣİȻǲµģ̺ĸ߹Ҫӣһ޷׽ֺ
ŮӾȻҲΪʣȻߵַ૵֮ӵһص
ַĿ⿴ŮӵĽܣּػʣǧٻΪ֮ҪȢʹУڱΪɻ֮ǰҲͬӵһԸгһգܽػΪУɾ;콾ϧʳɻ֮һգΪѰϧ֪ܷٶȳɻʣϧɻʣҲѷպա
λΪģ͸ޱϧ֮⣬һŮʣǿ󲻿˼飬ߵ֮ʣҲ飬ȴѰϧ
ַЩףѰΪвϧУһ仰Բ֪ܷٶȳɻʣˣγɻʣһ仰Уƺ͸Σɻʣѷպա
ģĻ޷ףѵʿƾ豾תѰ
Щַ㶼޷ףڵʣ̫Զˣ߸ϣ޷ʵǡ
Ŀ˵֮ϣַֻоһһĪϤ֮С
ΪһȻȴ˸һ⻪·Լ䶯һȳħһֳɷ𣬶ֻΪ𣬷·ⲻһˣˣħһ˵Э
תħַ˲뵽Ϥ֮дӺζ˿̣ϵľתħתַͷ
ѵˣתħϵ
ַĿ˲ϢתĽܣֻпţۣӵͨ쳹֮šĪ֮ܣ֮ħۡһһͨΪ壬ӵԼֻҪһ۾ǲ컯ͨ죬֪ĻʾصĻʾ
ַ㿴νķļ¶ħˣһֿһΪ̫ǿˣħ֮ˣǾתħ̺һѵתħǺ˴ͨݳͨ
ַгһգҲܹõɷħ壬ǽǺǿһǲ
ңۣĻʳΪۣ֪ۺͻʣǷֻͬ˵ֻĻߣſԷۣ
Щַ㶼⣬޷ףֻĿ𹬵ĻʽǵŵּһڽĻʵʵֻƬпԿ⹬ĻʶĻĴ澴ηģĻʣһǸǿĻʣ⹬˲ŻὫǹǵĵʵ
һַֻһۣͱסһΪͨûʲôصģϻĿ⵱У͸һ֮ţ£ûģ˫ڵӣ·ħͫ֮£ΨҶ˭ңҪѪɱ޾
ħַͫȻһħ־Ӳ죬ЦĬȻ飬Ҫض̤ڽ£η塣
ħʣַԺкȻĳһ֣⹬˱Ǳħ׷ɱ·ѵħʣ
ţַͷһоԼ꣬·𶼲Ǻܾûж꣬飡
üͷ壬ô궼¶
Ŀ⳯ŵʯڿȥȻһּ½ǧŵһ츳ףħʣ֮ɣҲǵһδɻʣն֮ħ𣡡
½ǧŵһַ΢΢սħʣȻħʣͬΪʣȻ⹬ˣȴΪǧŵһ˽ɣɼħж¡
ַͷһˣ·𿴵ħʵľӢˣħɱ¾أ԰ء̤Ϊħ֮Ҿħ¡ΨҶ
δɻʣնʣǧŵһˣ


0807 ۵ͨ
콣ʡػʡۣħʣǵĵҶо岻ܿƣԪҵӿʸһ̫̾ˣ񣬲֪⹬ˣεܳǿΰ
ҲǣֻҪЩˣ޷ܵˣÿ¡Ʒ˵ͷĻʣǰصǿû뵽ڹУȻܹ֪Ļ֪
ػ֪ʣǷ񻹴䡣
ܻǹ֮ƾԼǵͨŵ̳ģĻĵĻʵ񣬿޷ֱӣᱻǹɿµ־ѹĪϧһʱΪȻĵ˵ͷȷʵˣͺñ콣ʶԣ콣ʵĵܣľǻֱӽɱ
⹬˽Ļܷ֮ڣԼԼհǵٹ⣬Ӷȥʵ˻֮磬ҪͻٽһǼѰɡ
һ죬Ҳһͺˡʸдżڴʣ߸ϣһƷ۹ڱУϣǬ򣬴δ˵лʣͨ쳹أǴߡ
лģʣҲͬǴ߿ʼһͨЦַ̤㿴Żʸ˵ʸһЦַصͷûҲһ죬ҲɻʣǣǶлᡣ
ӶЦж͸֮âгһգҲΪʡ
˿̣ǸδвȴԣŲõЦճΪȺĤݵĴڣڴ½ȷѪꡢЦ
֮ҿԲһǸоãҲѡ򣬲ȻĻ͸ϽȥطѰұ߹Ȼвر
ַż˵ȻֻǹԼµĵ񣬵ǻߵֶΣУԲ࣬콣ʺۣ޷ĽԼ˷ħ֮񣬶аϸϸһ뿪
ȥɡĵ˵Īϧһۣ漴һЦҲãȥط
Ʒͻʸûڣʲô㽫ַ㺰ַʵºܹκε
뿪֮ʱʵ֮ŹرգַЦģǻ֮񣬼ĵ޹أҲɽһ˵á
֪ĵ˵ͷ漴ַҲٶԣϥȹ콣֮Ŀⶢǵַʶȫ˽ȥ޷Ŀֲ֮⡣
ıϣַ·𿴵һĻ棬죬Ӳ죬ֳֳҪؼ̤£ҪƲ񷡣
콣ʡ޷졣ַϣһɼ֮ϢŶֿԺеǱ޽Ӳ֮дµľ޽֮£Ψн
ԽԽǿʵУͻأһɿµ֮ϢɽХ޷죬ԽԽǿ
ţɫһַ㣬ȫǾ֮ɫַһȷʵֲһ񣬾˲ȥϣ͸޷Ľ֮
ԶԶվıһԲ򣬵ȴָʵַ򽣣̫ǿˣӰ쵽޷ȥĦֻԶԶĿַ㡣
ַ֪ԱǿֵλָбзӽߣһڽϸһؾУֵʯڰʮһͼ֮ġ̻ԺУһַ̣ͨǱġͼ·඼·ˣ轣
ټԺеǱ޽ʱַϡСԺУȫǽӰ·һʱ䶼
֮ռɱ֮ǿޱȣŭΣҵĴź꣬Ƭʵж·Ҫѵ
һصʵ֮·ҪƿţȻƿŵŵ˲䣬̸ܵһɿµµĽȥʱһ
رÿµĽͨ漴ص֮źĽ֮ŹرգɶԷȥ룬˿ַ㰲򽣲ǣѾоַĽ־Ҫͻˡ
͡͡޷ĽԽԽǿ󣬻һУ֮⣬ռֽһ촫콣֮ѵ˲ϢΪҷɣʧڿռ䵱С
޷֮־ǻߵ񣬶һ
ͻˡͷһһ콣֮񣬽־ٶͻƣһΣʵӵĿ¡
ʱַ貵ĹâŶŰ֮֮⡣
ꡣַ˫ȭգ¶һĨЦ⣬δ̤䣬־أ֮ͬУ˭֮棬һ֮ƾµؽ־ɱͬ䡣
վַ߹ػʵĵǰĿһۣ漴ֽߣϥۣľתħѲ˹ϵһҪúһ
ַһ£ֱӽУ̼䣬ϵľתħתϵĽѭͬʱ䵱УǷħսĳ֣·øӵʵ
⹬ˣ̻ĵѾӵϣ㲻۱𣬵̻ĵ񣬶ܹҵľתħַԺһ漴ȴһУɾתħͣѭϵ׳÷ħ֮ϵǿ
ַ޷Ū۵;תħʲôϵ棬Ҫõħˣһǲ
ϧҪõʾ̫ˣǿͨ챦޾飬õһʾ츳ǿҲΪһǿߡ


0808 ˰·
תħѭݣַϣ⻪Ŀ貣͸ſµħڣǷħ
ԺУħ֮ޱȣǰַΪħ͸У˭Ҳ޷κζԷ˿ַ̣ȴ֣ԭħԽһһ嵱Уħ˽ڣһɷֳ
һȱġһħͷ⣬һΪ
һ˿֮֮⾳ַ·𾳽綼вСڹãתħֹͣתַĿ͸ŷħ֮⣬ǿĴȱԵ⣬о¶޾
ǧħ֮ȭͿԺɱ۷֮ˡ૵һַͫ˷֮⣬֮񣬵Ļ֮һϣܹǿĺôһ־ͻƵأתħҲӵоǧֲޱȡ
¡¡ʵŵ·ҡڲַͣĵͫ͵һǶ˿̻߹е˶оڲͣĲţǹŵڲ֪ʲô
ʱַվǣһʱմ֮С
䣡һݺݵĺ¡֮˵ĶĤУ¡Ĳ£ַֻǰĵһѷ죬Ҫ飬ɵͫһ
ǡ꣡ػʺ۵ĵѣΪޣħʵҲѷ졣
ַĿ⿴ħʵհһǧŵһ֮ɣһգԼ֮գǷҲħһδɻʣնʣ
꣡һ죬ħ֮ҲѣŵĲҲ΢΢ƽϢʱصĴٶȻĿкüӰ档
ţΪ֮˿ĺַһﱻˣ
ղʱ򣬷оһɿµĽо޷˼λͬŶȴַֻġ
ַعͷһˣĿƽ漴ٿʯϿһּ̾ϢһĻʵѣԶ˯ɡ
˵գʯ֮ϣ¡¡촫ʯϵּ
һʵеȺַĶͫ͵һΪַǽǿĹ似ˣŲһ磬ַɱ
ַתŭһһ˦ޱ߾޴ݺݵһռ䶼ڲɫħӡӿ£һ죬ֱӱһƺ˲ǽ֮ϣѪڵأ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ôᣬôôһƽĵҪѵ̺ˣһǶرʵǿ󵽿¡
̤ŵļַͬ㣬һΪַ㣬϶Ƕ˻߱Ȼôôһ̺Ǹо𺧡
ַӶ䣬ŲһĿ˷ֱӳȥ·ĿһС
Щɫѿ׷óλãʵĴŸ˳
ɱŭһǿͬʱͷųȴڴʱһ½־ųǵ˲佩ӲµĽ֮޷죬أǣɽ־ǰǸоԼôС嶼Ƕˣַ˻̤ŵ
߳ʵַĶ˸ߴȥ
˿̴ĴӰҲ٣ڻߴжչε˲ٺô
ַûĴȥѰңһ·Ĺߣߵ϶٣Ѿ˲ʱ䣬ǻȥһĹŵ±õرĻᣬհĻ֮ɣַҰĸǿЩ
Уɵǲƣ˷飬Ǳһֱģ˸ʱַ̣һطвȺڴˣȺǰһʰ֮ţŵ࣬һͷͷõŭХ·޾֮ԨŭͷȺצȻȴƺǱŵ࣬޷˳
ַĶǰľ𺳵ˣȫ֮Ӱ͸ļµϢǽУ»ᱻ˲˺ѵҪ˰ͨʰ֮ţŵıȻ޾ǿ塢Ű졢˪޾
ŵϿգһƬҵĿռ磬ֲͬǿ˸оֲ
šɰ̳֮ɣ
ַĿЩͣһŻ߼żʮŰֱ֮ˣȻǧ̳֮µģ·̤ȥҪذʴ޷ֿµİ嶼ѡ
Ψһֵҵǣ̳֮ɵţһΪм俪һ֮·һߡ
м俪ٳĻ֮·ַ·ܹһǿޱߵľӢˣмڰ·ֱһƽ֮նһ漴֮·ûʶߡ
ҾͲаˡʱһ޷סͨ˰ţĻĹģӵͨ챦ǹȥ̫ġ
ֲԪ֮Х̤űĻߵ·ǰУȺĿⶼȻ֮߳ʱ忪ʼŤ޷޾ı任һҽУըѶ
˰ţѵķҪӵ֮壬̤˰𣡡Ⱥɫÿǲ˿ȥ˱˰ӵ֮ǿߣ
ʱһ֮ŭֻһӰֱۣӿϱ˰·ͷţʱ˰Ե֮ǵϣΪ壬һ·˰
ˣĻַܵĮ֮ɫҲʸ˵ʣƺ棬ȴǶġ
Ϊҷ֮Ƿַ૵Ųĳǰ߳ҪһԲУŵı˰Ҳܹر


0809 ʵ
ǰ񻰵УԼ𣬶Ϊ½Ƿвͬ
Ⱥַ㳯ǰĿⶼһĿǰΪֹȺͨ˰ŵˣ඼ͶˣһЩӵرﵱкҲͬͨ˰ţˣѵҲбﲻɣ
ĵĿַϣԵ΢Щţַ㱾ԵΪƽ
֮תַϹâɣӡϣ̼䣬ַɢ貵Ľâ˶һɫӡ
⣡Ⱥͫһѹַȥһԣԭϣӵз֮⻤塣
̤ϱ˰ţɷӰХַȥ壬ס赲ǻҰ֣֮һַ̣¶һ˿ǳЦ֮⣬ȻҲ
ַ㲢δͨ˰ţ˻΢΢ͷףЦǰַǽһȹ˰
ַĿɨȺһۣһЩ˿˵ҲɣҵķܶǹȥǾ͸ңǲУұ㻤˻
ţȺһַڶ˭˵
ֻһӰ˸˽Ų˳֮ˣǸоղַĿͣ£Ȼں˵
ʱһٻӰȺ߳΢΢ͷֱַַ㣬˺Ȼѩ
ҽ𣿡ַ㵭ɨѩһۣĽŲһ͡
ǣڽ빬֮ʱػ󺦳棬һƬأǼˣΪص˼˽ںˣҺչ㣬һȥɡַ㵭³һѩоѵ
ߣԻǹȥʱ򣬲֪˭һʱȺһûַķ֮ɢɹ⻪ܽһȻ˰
仰ͷ¶˸ַסĿⶢַһȥ
ַɨ⵲ǰļһۣĵ浱Ƿӵдȱ֮𣬹
ȻǹȥĮڣĲҲȹ
ԵˣȻˣҾͶȻ㣬˰ַŲһ磬֮ͷɹ⻪貶Ŀ¡¡ľ޴촫гһɫӡ·ƣָ޷壬ӿгȥ
ֲ֮·Ҫѹһ𣬿ռ¡¡Ĳݺݵսţһ֪̺˶ôֲ
ɫޱ䣬ˣȻڴʱӡȻӿ죬ӿѹȥ¡һ죬ֻоݣֱӱһĴſ£Ѫ㶼ѣϢʧַȻ
ÿֲȺݺݵһӡ·ӵ̫ˣһƾܽ˸֪̺ǿǷָͬɽһշѹһС
ؾţһһѹ
ҪҶȻ𣿡ַĿһɨˣʱȺ׷ȴˣ̫£ǰΪûôһǿڡ
ȺÿַŲǰǣĵ֣ɽţԼȺסһɫķȦһÿһ˵ϣŷ⣬
ӰŭԪסΪַ˻壬̤ű˰ţַܵΧľĻҰ֮ȴŷƽĳű˰һ̤ȥ
ȺһַǣĿĽм֮⣬ַϣɷ⣬ɫȦȻܽȺһȻ˰ɺδַʶĹĿܾڶ棬ƺֿɵãɺޣȴ赲һͷ

ʱһ嫵Ĵ⣬̻Իͣɹ⻪׺ޱ貣ʱȺڴˣһ֮ˣ࣬һʵǿ
Ĺأǵ棬ÿһ̤Ĺأ嶼ḶκҪ౶Ŭÿΰ֮ݰ֮ʱǿҪţ˶ѹƣΪģĹ
ңһʼΪ㣬ֱĹֵһֳ̣ǿʵ
ǶŵһǶ֮ˣĹУ֮Ϊ֮ͨҲͨ裬˶Ȼ֮˶ᱦ֮ĹҲҪһ
⣬һԵΪСֻˣĪϧƷʸ桢Ҳͨ˱˰ţȻֻˣÿһ˶ǿһҪǶôףҪشۣû˶ǣڴˡ
ߵĴżĴ֣ʵ
Ȼżֻƾһ·ˣȴû̫ΣΪΪȴѪǰ̳һУȻͲᴦɱңǺķ̫ǣҵʵ
ֻƿǲƵĽɫţҲǽõµر
һ飬֪λǷԸܡʱĿ˵
ʷĿ⿴Ŷģ³һ֣˵
λҶǰѰˣò׵ʵ˫֣붫ֽǼնɱһʵУ˭ñ˭ΣǳЦ˵ĿĮɨ˾Īϧһۣ͸һа
֮ЦζĵĻ֮˭˭Ȼܣһһñһ»ƴᡣ
ȽĪϧЩնɱˣδһ⣬ʴУ壬ڱصãⱾ͸֮
ãͬ⡣ʷ˵ͷʱ¶һ˿ЦȺĿⶼ˾ĪϧϣȽˣ


0810 
ĪϧϣҲбǽɱˣᵽ֣ҲǳںʵеҲ
֮䣬̥ǵĿģһµġ
ʮĿһȫ˾Īϧϣ˸þĪϧһϢţǰȺ
ɱһµϢŶĪϧο£ϣɢſֲϢĪϧ͸źȻϳɢ֮⣬۶ӰƮ磬ǽɫĳ۱ȵӵķĲ
𣡡ʸŭһսն죬ǰɱӰ֣·һսֲޱȡ
վסƷӣӷٵţݺݵĳǰȥ졣
Ųǳ֮⣬һԲ̣½ڣ貶Ŀ
ɱɱеԲͷţǰ滮ȥʱǰȺ׷ױܿ˲伸ʮ˵ӪȫɢϵرǶǳһСľҪɱҪޱȽС
ʷ㣬֮֪ϴرҪҴˣóɣӵرɱҲҪۡ˫Ϊ̥ûоȫ˭ԸΪԷ£ԵĿ⿴Żʷ㣬дһ˿ǳЦҪϵĵƣʲô
˵壬ǶôãҲ׼˰ɡʷЦһ̫ˣƺͷʲôһֱ塣
ȻˣһΣԵһЦ
ԡʷ˵ͷ໥漴â˸ڰԵУһ飬ɫĹ⻪˸֮ϣ͸ĲϢ
ڻʷУһʹڣʹڽ͸ǿĻ
ʹڣһʹڣ֮ʹڣӦαʹڰɡԿŻʷе費ʹڣʹڣܻڻʷϡ
㹻ˡʷ㽫ʹڴͷʱϣ·ԡһǿĻ֮ŽɫĻۣ財
㶫Ķ飬Žǵ嶨סƬ̣ûİɡʷϳ˰еĶ飬ɫÿֶΣ鶼˰ԡ
˴ˡǳЦҽǶס˲䣬ϻɱɱһһ
áʷͷ漴ͿеĶͷڰյУһε·Ƭռ䶼ҪסĪϧֻо嶼΢΢һεǵ޷ˣǻʸƺǿͷϣԣ̰֮ս
ɱʷŭХһЯµĻʵ֮ʷ˶סͷĻʹڹâͷţͻȻ仯һµ޼᲻ݣɱʸһˣնɱʸ
СġĪϧŭһʸɫ䣬죬˿̻ʷ̫ˣǻʹڻĿ£Լ壬ɱǡ
ɡʷŭ𣬻֮޼᲻ݣɱһУ˿ɵ֣Ҫһʸնɱ
ңһ𺳵·̺µħ֮Ⱥһ漴һֲ֮٣Ľ·Ҫ춼ƣ޷죬˭ɱ˭
ʷͷһŲ΢΢һ٣ӻʸܵһ֮½ֻҪһɱ˻ʸһͻնɱ
ȥʷŭХһ֮УֲĻ˳ȥ͵ĺ˻ʸϣ·ֻоػƺһ
󺦳ÿһʸӲܿ漴һɿµ֮Ի޼᲻ݡ
һ̣˶һ貵Ľâҫ۵Ⱥ޷ֱӡ
ʷĿһǿµĽ̫ǿˣ·Ҫ嶼̴Ȼ˸˿
ʼţֲ֮־Ŷ޷졣
ʷɫӲͷϵĻʹȻһɫĻ֮ܣʹڣɻΡ
¡
޾Ƭ߶ϣʷǻ֮ܣѪ
ꡣһ촫߶ϳһƣʷݺݵײʵĴ֮ϣǲƵĴֱӱײ
ˣȺȫһʹڻĻ֮ܣһһѺֻۣαʹڣɿóһ֮жôĿ¡
ԵҲһַ㣬һʵˡ
ȿȣʷһӵĶַһۣ漴һֱӿ˴С
ţһһᱦ
˵գȺĽŲȫʵڶȥûһһˣǵĿģΨʵ
ʵַ̧ͷһǽɫĴ֣Ϻ嫣֮
Խ˰ַ㷢๬ڻֺ룬磬Ȼ๬ȴǽŵģǸû򿪣ֱ֮ʱÿʷԴ󺦳֡
ʵŶѵġַ㿴һѿĲƽɫţҪôǿ֮ܽŸѿַԺУ·ָħʵˡ
ʱԼصȺҲ˹ַعͷ˴󺦳һۣȴԼһѪҺĭƤַ㣬ϿȥɣʵǺò׵
Ƥȷʵ񡣡ַ㴷»ʸ漴Ųһ磬˸ȥʵУҲ
嫵Ĵڣһͨʯ֧ŴʯϿ̻ĶǿµϹޣȻڵʯȴвٱӲĸҶϹ
䡢¡µĺ֮ͣĴ˷ĺеȻǵŽգǿ޷俪
֪ˣԶ֮ŭ·
֮ɫÿʷ㵹ǻץסʱȻǶȫˣǵɫѿ
ĵͼʵȻ֪ȥ֮û뵽Լʷˣֻлʷƿʵĵͼˡ


0811 ᱦ
еâӵҫ貣ȫǽɫһɻڴеÿһ䣬ռ·һƬʥ
Χʯϣâ貣̻ŷľģ·Ǿڴ룬һӰǵ񣬶ӰòޱȣͷʹڣԡڻУ󡢶Ŀ
ʣʷ΢΢֪ʵʵ޹ǰģ֮
ڵˡڵˡʷ˫ȭţ¶ޱȣʴУӴˣʻĻߣؽһͳ壬ưǬ̤ʥǣɾĻʡ
һУġ
ŷ·ǧصĲʷĽŲĳǰţߵʵǰհ֮ٹ⡣
һʷ˫ϥأ͸һƻϵĻʱûʷ㼤ĻһβȻµһؽõʴС
˫ӡʷϴŹŰϡڵأʷߵסߵסߵס
ٹߵס
ʣͷŻӡߵ鴫н
ߵ֮󣬻ʷƲסͣĲݣнõʴУ
Ŀдſȣʷ㹧룬ͷ̧
һϢʮϢϢʱεĶȹȻУδ֣ûʷ㼤΢΢һɲ֮⣬崫Ѿõĵô֮˽ҲܵõʴУôûзӦ
ǵĻʷ˸¶һ˿֮ɫɲҶ·´ŭ顣
¡һǿҵ촫еĴŲ·ҪѣûʷӵûзӦôûзӦ
ڿƲס¶ģʷվ֮棬һ˴֮Ҽš
˵գʷʯڣǷҵ̻Ųʥƣּû
ֱʷߵʱȽɫʯϣ̻ͬһЩ·Ȼʷƺ֡ʥơ
ѵܾЩص·ϣʷĿЩ·ʷҪˣЩص·ֺĲͬԾۻޱȣŷŵӲ֮ţʵı͸󡢻֮⣬·ǳ֮֡
ǣ
ȻײԽԽǿңûʷɫѿڰһ¡¡Ĳ죬ľűѿӰֱӴ˽֮ˡ֮ˣַǣһǶĬû໥ɱΪǶɱǳ֮£֮Ҫ俪ţҵʱȻɱ٣ûʷһ˵õ֮
Ⱥһ͸Ź֮⣬ǧ꣬ɱãԡϻС
˿ͬĿ¶η֮ɫǻʣЦصĻߣ߸ϣĻʣɱһ˿ĵ׵ľη£΢΢ʾԻߵ硣
ַĿɨһۣ͸һɷŵ֮⣬ʶܹ콣޷֮ţܹħʵľӢˣ֮ΨԼκ˶Ĥݡ
֮ţΪʣȴնʣ־Ӣˣַÿ𣬾͸оѪȡ
ĿһУΪ𣬵ʶնηħոնĻʣַܵĻӰ죬һ߻ʬ壬û̫ľη
ʷ㣡ŭһĿⶢŻʷ㣬ĵɡ
ʷ֮ŭȣɫѿʲôûеõ
һ𣿡ĿڣԵһʲôûеõ
ʷĿɨһۣ˶ڶȻûĻһĻûʷɫѿõûʲô˵ģˣ˭Ҳɺޣ֮ˣΪղ֮£࿴
ʷνؾ̫Ҫˣֻ֮µ˲лᣬȻΪЩе䣬лţ˿ѷɫйֻ֮Ѿ֮ˣˣõʴУģòҲ᲻ˡ
ڰԶͬˣĴǿ֮ϻǵĺûһ򵥣ҪʵõرпܳΪ
һȺ˳Żʷȹȥʷɫ԰סѿ
ٲɱһȺΧƻʷһˣ˾ûʷɫҰס
ַҲµĿǹҧ룬ᱦ֮ʱɱ
Լɱ㣬һõһСЦŭһϷ·֣֮ӰŻʷХȥҪ˺ѣͬʱȫˣƱҪɱʷ㡣
ʷαʹڣɫ԰ףŰԵĹһʱ¡¡ô
ս֮ʱȻߵʷַһͣļһҪºˡ
ĵĿַ⳯߿һۣƺֵʱھַ㣬ַ֪ж޲ʬ
ʷŭսķʹڻ£ϰǱַһѷ·Զ޸֮αʹڣǷƷ
ʷŭһʹڻףŰԺȻȥʱ򣬶ڶˣ«еļɷȻͷţ˲ϢŻʷȥ
ʷһҽУʴֱ͵һ˦һöָб˦˳ȥ
ţ
һ˵Ŀⶼöָ漴һµϢţǽָȥҪᣬ˭Щûһ࣬Ƕˣ˭Ҫ֮
ַҲˣǳûָǳŻʷһֱӴʷ壬̴֮ðԻӲ΢΢̧ͷַ㡣
ôĽָûбΪʸ֮ģɱǶǵıڣûˡַ㵭˵һǻ׵ʹڴӻʷȡţΪʲôҪ


0812 ħ
ʷĿĶַ㣬Щˣ˴жѾʵУ׼ʵĴУӦóΪЦ£Ȼһеζһ飬һ˵ʹ
ǴָУʾʷ³һ漴Ϣɢ
Ŀַ㳯ɨһۣȻĺˣǳСģСһǿѾеηˣԤϣѩµһգ͸оַѾѿƿأħһ䶼Ҫӱܡ
ѪʳʷϵѪøӵ죬Ѫǿַ㽫Ŀ⿴һǻҵսǴָУʾַЩɻʷǲ⣬˵
üȥַžĪϧ˵һǶַ˼΢΢˵ͷ
ַߵĵߣǶαʹڽģⶫƺӵб֮ܣɹأǶԼıɡ
Ŀַ㣬˸ַֻĺɫдһ˿ǳЦʹڡ
ĵ˵ͷ΢ЦŽʹ£ĨȥʷµӡǣԼӡ£һʹڻһ£ϣĻһϼ⣬Եøӵĸ߹ޡ
ַЦŵĵϳһĨΣ΢΢ͷԵмӡ
ҲҸҪ𣿡ʱһŭȴ˿Ǳߵս׵Ļ˶ںͰᴢָ
֮һ֣˭ܲĶַ㳯Ǳ߿һۣǸղŻʷһ仰ָУʾ󣬵˶ʾ춯˭̰ܲõҸ֮ȵгٳ֣ĳȣʲô壬롣
رǰȺԴǷȵģ޷־Ե侲֪ôȥᣬ˶֣޷͵ס̰֮
ַĿƽԴָʾʼջɣĿ⳯ȥɵа̾ǧ꣬ԡ·Ѫһ岻ḯ࣬ʵ̫ˣһۿȥͺͻɡ
ֽĿͶΧĽɫʯ֮ϣµּɬʥƣģ¶ǿϧڵʸûС
Ŀⲻϵת漴ַ棬ֻһַۣݺݵĲ¡
ʯϣղŻʷ޷Ϊʵܣϧȥˡ
ַĽŲ΢΢ƹʯڣÿһ·صľ޴оԼĽŲ޷̧Դ˵һը죬¡¡ģ·ʧȥ˼ֻĶʯڡ
ַ壬ںݺݵĲţǰ̤ĽŲ΢΢Щ鸡·վ޷վˣʷʯϣȷʵܣܣַУ׺䶥ͷŶһľ֪룬·Ҫֹͣ
ûô𺳹ûôʧһΣǰһĻȷʵĻǣҪɢ
ţĵһַ㣬ô£
ǿַ嶼ڲʲô£ַǿҵķӦ
ǵĿҲʯڿȥͻʷһۣͿףֻּ·Եޱߣ˰֮ţ޾֮ţֵˣһǸ춼ӵǿڣʡ
ѵħ֣һħ׷ɱʣȻʵʬħʶҲʯϵӲİԵּ·ܿħ֡
ǣΪʲôַ㿴˴ķӦȴ
ȵȣ
ǵһǿַܿζʲôζʯ֮ϣܴڴܣַǿʲô𾪵˵ز
գַħһֱߣַ㶼û˹
ŲַһǱʯǰϸʯڣῴΣǿٿַ㣬ڲѾûиղôǿˣȻĽܡ
ַĿ⣬Ķʯڣ촽΢΢š
ʱȥǱߵڳַվһ·ħ˰㣬ʯڿֿһһ飬ÿÿһ飬Ͳһء
ħʡħʣ
𣡡
ַ˫ȭգ죬дһܹɫǲµûȷʵħ֣⽫òɢּ·ֻһܿö
ãַһ˿ƽɨ˺ЩһۣǴһĨЦָбЦҿ϶ʲôûС
ħʣҪĿ𡣡ַ㳤̾һ漴Ŀ⿴ߵ˵Ҫȥᴢָ
жɻ֮ɫַ͸ſ϶Ƕףһʯڣַʲô
ַ㣬׿ʲô
˸Ϣʾ֮棬õ֮˱֮ˣȻʷַɱ˿¶һбЩ˷룬ټħƺǧǰһţܽʵ뷨ˣַȻ޷ħ֣һУƺԤʾʲô
ʱַֻϥ£Ŀⶢʯڣϣһɿµļ֮ͷŶ
ַ˫趯ϵŸӵӡһżĺɫ棬ͷţƵУǿµڤһͷĲϢͣ趯ţַܵȼա
ַеĻԽԽ죬ĲϢԽԽ£֮ռ𣬷ɱС͸һ֮Ҫ춼ȥûʲôܹҪҼ𡢱
ĵһÿµоַ㣬һֿµֶΣʯϵ·ѵħַ֣ͨ


0813 ַ ޷
ַͨʱһ԰ڶ˴ָ
֮󣬰˲ͽʷµӡǸĨ漴Լʶ뵽ָУŴ֮˸ȥ
ûпĿһ
ѱһȺ׷ɱԶǣŭһȫס֡
һ֮ŭ֮Ӱ΢΢һ˶ݵİ
ʲôûУԼ֪˵棬ָ˳ȥȴӸ˶ġ
Ĳ鿴£Ȼָжǻʷ֮вٺöԲǻ֮ûУʷĺԩʲôûеõȴĨɱȻʵڻʷѡһ˶̤棬Ѿע˽֣ʱģûᵽע磬û˻
ǶǶˣƾʲôšŭȴЦΪʷǶ˱Ὣ֮ǿ
һͣ˵ʱû˻Ὣ֮óӸˣ˭޷ΣǴָУʲôûС
֮ھŴָ뿪ˣϻ𡣡ЦһӶ¿ʼѰȺҲţĿתǵȴ΢΢һĿַϡ
ÿµϢ
ֻʱַǰ͸ſµĺɫӰӰĲĺɫ棬ҪһжǿµĻ֮ƣо඼·
ô£ȻõôǿֶͨΣȺַ㣬Ȼʯڣ
Ŀ⳯ʯڿȥףʯϿ̻·ֶַΣǴģ
ﵽģ˵ߴǿĻʾôʲôҲ
ȺĴѰһʯڿȥ޷͸ǿʼѵߵӵеıЩµּʥƣ
ڴʱµĻ¶ַֻͣ建վĿ͸һɷ֮â
תַĿ⿴ĵˣ͸һĨ֮⣬ҪһУҪ˵ϣЩ˳ҲͻٲĿ¾أһ̵ַ㣬Ŀǳࡣ
ġĪϧ棬λϣһַ֮Ⱥ˵þĪϧһַղ𺳵ô˿ĶǣҪʲô£Ҳͻ߱йء
ٺ٣ĵĸɰɡʸһЦƺѾȫˣĪϧƷǶͷǣѹַ㵹ǲġ
ַ㣬ǳַղʱоƺʲôѰ֮ҪַϣȻַҪ
ɡ˵ƽȴ͸һɼ㡣
ǱģοҲ䡣국Ц˵Ҳڴַʲô
Ⱥ׷׵ͷַŲ̤ȺҲ
˼ַ棬ĿǰĻʣ߸ϵĻʣԵø߹͸Ż
¡¡һֲĲ֮ߵںݺݵĲ·ҪѰ㣬Ⱥݺݵһô£
ȴַƽֻǶʣ֮ˣͷһַ㣬Ҫʲô
ַУȼգɫĻ棬·ҪһУ۾ʣвħһУݡ
Ⱥַֻƻ̽ʵ̽ȥ¡һֲĻŰ赲ַƣȻǿµĻ֮ǰΪޣǼ֮ϢҪһ𣬼ǰһ죬ƣʵ壬ڵ̽ȥ
䣡Ⱥֻоݺݵ£ǵԴ·Ҫը죬ַ㣬֣ȥʵࣿ
ԤַҪʲô֮£˿ɱͷԷ飬ʣǻʣٹɣǿߣˣ廹Ƕˣ𾴣£ǿߵ𾴣Ҳһ֮Ҳˡ
һַ̣ڵ߸ǵ֣ƿʵ̽ʵ࣬޷졢ʶûзʵʬ塣
䣡
һɹɿµϢŰǹУ·һӰ֣͸ϣͺǰصĻߣ֮ѹȺ巢·Ҫڵϣһ˫õͫףĶַ㣬µĹַɱȥ
ʣ
һ̣ȺĿˣַǷˣӰϵϣǻʵϡ
ֻǻǰµһĨӡǶѣⲻĻʣһҪɱַ㡣аĲѣַ㣬̫ˣʣܹˣʵҪ롣
ʱַеƺһĿĶǻ֮ӰĮ飬޷죬Ȼʶӣһħ֮ţһзУңҶҪ
ػҡַһ漴ϣһµĹַԺУҪַɢ
л꣬ػҵĻǡַ־ͣһлʹöƣͨ򷨲֣
䡢䡢䣡ǿµĹϵĳַʶַĲл꣬ǻһˣ´˿ѾɢַĻǿޱȣлɽΡ벻ػꡣ
ͬʱƹâţɫ֮⣬ĲĻ֮Ŀ£һеҪʵ࣬
ˡˡȺֻоַץŵǿһȺַ㵱ͷȣӦ˹ַ㣬һĿ£죬ַһһأʵ඼ˡ


0814 
ȺһַĶ𾪵޷˵죬ǵУΨ𺧡
ģַ㣬Ҫ̫֮࣬ˣӡ
˸ĶַıӰղһػ˵Ҫ࣬ȫԸǿޱȡ
ңַڸղţ޷ʯڣȻµ·Ϊ˴˿Ķʹãַ㣬һ֡
ַôһɣʵ࣬ʵ࣬Уѵʲôﲻɣ
˵ǿ౾ر
ˣѵôӿ𣿡ĵ˵һʱЩ֮һɫѿʣǵ棬ݵΨĺӵܣ֪ʵĴڡ
˿̣ȴ˵Ⱥ棬ģҪͳ
ס֡һĴ֮֮޷ܣʱۣһַȹȥͷſֲĻһĿ䣬ɱ֪֮ıģҲҪַֹ֮ġ
ĪϧػַǰͬһɹǿϢŶ˿ַȫԸԲܵţ򽫱ɱ
ַ㣬˫ıţԡڿµĻ浱УȼգͬʱֲĽǿޱȣлػǲȫͶȥϾղŲŻô֣أΪǵ˴¿ܻǳΣգƺЩ͹˻ǧȥȻǿ󣬲ϵĴʹ񾭣ĻǣͬʱϵĻҲǼǿǿ࣬ϵ·δ𣬻ǿĻ
ַ³һŭɫĻǿ󣬷һУҪ׵
һεʺѪҺÿһѪ·̺ſµںɫĻ浱з
ַη壬µ֮·𽫻ߵ嶼ҪǿݺݵĲţ·Ҫַ
ѪһεεıƳַĻ
Ⱥĺݺݵһַ㣬࣬Ҫʲô
¡¡ʹٶȺݺݵսȸղŸӵľңϵĲ·Ҫһ
ֹһҪֹҲһƲо˿̵ַһµ飬ǲַֹ㣬һĪ
ɱǿѾʼɱַ㣬ֲĻһУŵַǰȺɱȥ
ӹԶЩʸŲһ磬վǰһ򵱹Ī޴ֱնȥ֮ӰʸǰһֱӸû
ѩƮ䣬ʵУʼƮѩ֮ͷѩ֮־Ҫʵ⡣
϶رҪЩȥǣܡĵ˵һʸǼˣÿ϶бټǼ֮ˣɵҲǷǳǿػַǰѳơ
˼Կ˶һۣĵ
ȥ棬ֱ֣Ӷйĵ˵͸һɺ⣬ðɫһĿ˶һۣһ̫ˣǸ˵ڣȻҲ뵽˶ʵ֣ĵĻо˺䡣
䣡һɿµϢðһعͷ漴ͿӰʵУһˣ˿µĽ־ޱȣȻǾŵվҹһˣҲʶͬһŴ˴жңŹǧ
ô£վҹһĿ⿴Űԡ
˵õرҪ඼ԵĻӦһʱվҹ͹ǧַ㿴ȥˣȻ࣬ôĵӣǵĶݺݵĳ鴤£ʣ͡
㻹ֹվҹƳ˰һۣмֻɡ
Щ˵ʵûһģ޷ֹ˹ְɡĮվҹĿתսȺһۣŲһ磬ַ屼ȥÿһĽţ£·һޱǿƵǰ̹ȥ
ţһܵɿµĽĽŲ΢΢һ磬赲סվҹǰ֣֮ǹųĿĹ
͡͡µǳ֮ϣâ飬վҹĽ·ޣǰҪնɱ
ţɱ֮
Ŀƽһ֮ţ֮ϣ·޷԰Ρ
ţվҹһУıܹ׵ֵɱ֮
ȵɱ籩꣬ĳſվҹȥɱ֮ޱ
֣ǳ֮⣬ſվҹշѹȥ¡죬Ҫվҹ顣
ͬʱǧﲽƮ죬ңڣֱԽӰ׽޷׽ĿΨַ㡣
ȥĵַǰʹڻɫУŹǧɱȥ
ߡǧһûӰӣңƮ޷׽ҪԽȥ
һͻȻûǧӰַΧס޷룬ӰȫŹǧȥ
ٿ˿̵ַ㣬˫ü罣ţе֮ԽԽֲʵ̫࣬ǿˣǿֻܽǿѪһε
ַָԼֱ֣۸ѣһεѪ䣬ǿιȥ
ʻ࣬͸У౾Ѫȴһεεı֮ѪҺѪȡ·ڱעµ
ʱøӵȺ޷վ


0815 
ȺȫǸܵʱˣַ㣬֮ģƺ嫵ĹڲһҪַֹ㡣
ˣֲĹ⻪ҪȺ嶼ᣬȴʱĶĺͰȻƹȺߵı
ȶ֡ĶŰ΢΢ͷһһۣһâɷ«֣һɿµɷע뵽«У漴«ͷųһɿµɷҪʴһУȥ
¡֮ϣһµĻͷŶǹɸʴɷ޷˲䱻Ĩʧޡ
ţһûãɷ«Ը侳֮ˣ˲丯ʴɱʬ壬ãͿɾһС
ɡǰͷһɿµ֮·ŭֱӳɱȥӱ󣬿ಿλ뿴ַ㵽֪ʲôȻҪַ࣬Ҳʣʲôҡ
𣡡Ӱڰϣ£ޱȷ񣬰ԣƷ·޼᲻ݣ
䣡ʱϣȴо޷ҡֺ
ţĿݺݵһӲޱȣƵ޼᲻ݣٺ޷ҡ֮޷
һ̵İԸоЩ֪룬ĵ𺳣ԣַһ֮ƣȴֱӲڣҪַ࣬ǿµж
Ŀתصʯڿȥ޷͸ַʯǰļµĿֶΣһƿҪࡣ
ѹֶַΣƺΪƿ壬࣬ǲֶΣַҲˡ
ˡˡȺ಻ͣ·ҲԽԽڵϣվȣΨַ㣬ɽлڵʹ꣬ԿµĻ࣬Ѫȳ
ַ֮죬ǹһе·ռڣĽԽԽвľѪȫҪȳ漴еѪҺѪҺȡ
ģˡַ罣죬һУǺĹɢҲֹͣˣ֮ģѪȫȳ
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һ̣ȺֻоԼԴըѣͻȻһѣεУ¡¡Դв죬漴Ǿ͸оرáʱմҡ
䣡·صڵϣоЩۣʵˣ˶ˣǶصˤ˵ϣһʱ˵ģݺݵĲ
ĿǵϣЩĿⶼǿ󣬷·Ҫǿˣ
һ̵ȺǺȻ֣ԼȻصԭأǳˡ
̤ؾĵط
ȺסˣЩǿߣڴ˿Ҳȫסˣô£ô£
ǰû˵ᷢеˣȻͬһʱ̳¶ãȻ֮ɫԼ֪ô¡
׷ʲô
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巽Ϊ׵ǿݺݵһ֪Ƿܿǣʵҵˡ
ʷ㡢ʷģȺҲʷģǻʷϣʵĵͼѵʷ㣬õʵĴУ
޵ֻĽŲһ磬˲Ϣٵ˶޵ǰڶ޵ߣвˣΨʷ㲻ڣһϣ֮ɫѵģʷ㣬õʴУ
ʷģͷͣŶ޵ʵ
޵˷׷̧ɫ΢Щÿ
ʷ㣬ˡ޵˵һ˵΢΢һˣʷ㣬ˣ
ʲô˵ɫ˲ѿޱȡ
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޵Ĭĵ˵ͷ
˭õʴС·Щ˷ɿ׷ʡ
ַ֪࣬ȻǾͶˡ޵˵һһࣿ
ַ㣬ַ㣡
ôĵӣȻʵ඼ǣַʵôܶʵ࣬УʵĴأ
ʷûнʵ
ˣʷһȥʲôûеõΪõһ֣ջʷ㱻ַɱ
ַ㡣ǿ߼Ҫˣɫѿޱȣɱ˸
ߣϽҲѯʣڵַ֪ĺɫҲѿַ㣬ôĵӣȻ࣬ңʱ˶ˣ׷ʲô£
ЩҵԼµӣ֪ʵ֮󶼷ǳ𾪣ϧȻֻм̤˱˰ţʵģҲջٶõ˲ٵ־֮ǿϧЩ˵ˡ
ʵЩڵǵȫַ㿴ȥ
ַ㣬ģ
ʱַԼڶȺѩӥԣѩӥûжʲôֻһ䣺ջ𣿡
ȺĿ͸˷֮⣬صĵͷѩӥҲ΢΢ף֮˷ǳдջǸַһЩ请֮ˣ貵Ľ֮£Īϧɫۣʸֳսǿı
Щܲ


0816 һ
ôĵӣıﶼҪʱһ֮ȺĶĤ΢
ֻһǿǰĴȳʱŵĽ£ıʹ
壬ҪسˣĿģȻΪʹô򵥡
˵Ŀ׷Ͷ£Ƕˣߡ
ַ̧ͷɨеӰһۣǿں֮Ȼܹ͸ԷΪ䡢һؾ̽ġ
ʹڣ֮˵ɱ˻ʷ㣬ŵõġٶ˵͸һĨǿϢ
˵ûʷɱģʹڣҶ̤ؾ˭Ϊɱʷ㱻ɱﱻᣬܣҹҪߴ𡣡ַĿеӰײУûаηһ⣬ʶˣĻ֮Ҳܹһأҫ
ΪţͲǰ𡣡ŭһµ˳ַѹȹȥǿޱȣżѹȡ
ǰ㵹ǿԼַһɣﶪۣҪ鷳ҲҪҸ˵ˡ
ôĿһûм˲ĺ󱲣Ҿ㿴ϣ侳ܹ֮ġ͸ǿĻѹȶֲޱȣƮһɹɿµ˺Хųַ㼷ѹ
һɿµŰ˵˵Ͳ£˷ɻա
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ع̲ܽϣ󱲿ޱȣĿˣҰعܽһ¡˵
ַ̣ܽЦվñֱ漴Ųһ磬ն𣬳գĿֱӶԷ
ţȺ΢΢һַǸʲô
ַ㡣ѩӥַ㺰һ䣬ȷʵܴʱ䣬ɲַ㱻ԷŰ
ܽһ¡ַѩӥһЦ漴ˣǴһĨЦǰ̣ܽ
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ǿĿҲһصĽ־о˿µĸ֮
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͵촫̴ĿһǰһµĻ֮˲Σ¡һ죬ڻ֮ϣݺݵĲ£αúˡ
ȻǺǰδɢַӰǿŭһµַ֮ȥȴ·ʯ󺣣ûаӦֱַ֮ɢޡ
ַֻ̽ɫӰ죬¡¡ľ޴촫ռɫĻַӡУȼգһС
侳˲𡣡ַһӡ̽˷ֵȻɫӡһУȫٵֲӡֱӺ˶Էϣ˲ҽһȼն𣬺ɫӡҵ趯һΪޡ
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䣬ɱ䣬׾٣˵𺳡
ַյУ·һħһ޷죬Եף˲𣬾ȻҪѵһֱ˭ָ˭
ģһҲ̫̬˰ɣ󺦳汻Щַ㣬һһƾͰһǿ߸ˣ侳˸ûʲô
صλѩӥҲĿһȻĶַ㣬ַ֪츳ǿҲû뵽ַǿֵزһưˡ
ΨˣһɫӲѿ
ɳһǿ߱ȥ̽һΣ֮һ
ַֻɨϣĮĵؾУƾֶΣɱҪۼԹ˶Ҫսһˣԣôõɡ
Ϊǿ߶ַ㣬˸£漴ЦȷҪôõɣ㾹Ȼʵ඼ǿǻ֮࣬˾Ͷӻ֮гˣ˵ǲǵõ֮
Ļ£ʱ˵Ŀȫַϣ಻֪˴˿̶ףȻˣַ̫ˣ޷죬ʵ඼Ǹûй츳Ҳ
ʣñԼ࣬Ȼٽﹰ͸ˣΪ棬ôַһҪ˶ԸԼҲù
ʹѰõģȽʹˣˣΪʣ棬ΪµģνؾлĹҫۣҲɢȥİɣңؾоͻȻǿߣһʼȻȺУ˵ûеõĺô˭ţõʴеˣȺаɡ
ַĻȺһĹеĻߣȻ棬壬̤빬ģѵ壬Ļһ


0817 Ϊ
ȺĿ¶ɻ֮ɫ˼ȴַһЦһˣ̤ʵضڱҪΨһڷȫ棬֮ƴ޷պϣڻصķ籩
ַƽȻ˲ϢԨУʱ˵ȫȺϣȣô˶ɱˣΪ˽ǬڶҵĹȥԽ룬棬壬úݵֶΡ
ȺĿⶼȺϣ֮˶ʱоǿѹѹȹַ㣬ɫѿ
˴ؾʷ㶼ɱܶñ𡣡Ϊ׵ǿһɨȺ漴ַ㣺λǿһΣڴĺ˲ųģ룬ģǺǿ֮˵̺ܣᷢ仯٣Ҫóİɡ
Ⱥҡַ㣬˭õ˱
˵һɣʱ̣ǶҲʵУҲƭǣԺˣַ㣬ȷʵ࣬Ȼ˾͸оر任㣬ŵĿվҹңŵĹǧﶼΪ֤Ҵ󵨲²⣬ַһõر
Ⱥдһ˵֮ˣģֻ˫䣬ַˣУַ⣬ˣÿ˶õǿرңŵ沽ƺҲУұ㿴Ůʹù
Щ߸ۡеõģǿ󣬿λǿߣûǿı
ĵļ仰ʱַ˳׵˲ľ棬ȺĿⶢַǣ̰⣬ر
ǺǣͬڵӵĻǽģԼرɡϽһЦصˣõĺôѵ׵ȫ˲ɡ
˴˿̶˼⣬νؾջһˣĹˣؾҲ̮ˣ˵õߵıϧڵ߲֪ϢȻĻ¶Ҫ׷׸ˣߵıУܹӳµ
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ңңôĵӡңŵҲˣ˸
˵ɱҶˣߡ
ҵڣ׷׾ۼȺǰصȺΧס˵ȻҲʾһ˸ȫΧߣҪһߵıģ˭Ҫַ㣬ͨĵõ˺
ѩӥɫ˲˻Ȼ٣ص˵õرȴ⵽˶ǿʵȣ˶޷ˡ
λôҪżɱ𣿡һѩӥ˵㣺ǲҪǣص۹δܹ衣
˵ôֻ࣬һõôرλоƣôüһַģλҲĿһ¡
ǿߵЦ˵ЩŴ䣬΢ƽ⣬Թģɱɱĺ̫ˣЩ֮ˣܲ
˴ΣΪߵıģǵص۹ҲҪһ
ԣǲûص۹Ϊе˼ֻص۹ıõ̫ЩģҲ档ϽҲڵһΣǶ֡
òҪʸŭһ飬ڿƲԸΪУ治֪߳ܡ
졣ϽŭһŻʸ˵ʸ𣿡
ʸŴϽޱȡ
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ǱҪԶˣȻֵʱЩʧҲ⣬ص۹Ī֡ϽǳЦ˵дɭϢ
˵ˣҪǵ𣿡ַЦʵƺͲں
ҿû˵ϽϣеЦݣȴĬַĻ
ãҪģҽַĻȺĿһ¶ɻ֮ɫַ㣬Ը
ȻáϽǳЦ
ȫ˿˵ǧ֮⣬Ҹÿһ·赲һὫķϡַҪȺ໥漴ͷַ±ɱڲ˵Ȼڣǧ׶ѣǲַܵõ
Ⱥ׷˿ǧ֮⣬ԭأַֻ֮ˣԼһ·˰ص·
ߣԽԶԽáַص˵ַ㡣
Уôһ¡ȿڡ
ģֻҪˣа취ܹҡַĿ£Ŀַ۾漴Эĵ˵ͷַȻô˵Ӧġ
ȻǺãˣСġѩӥޣ𣬳·뿪˶ѩӥ˸͸ɱ⣬ûж֣˵ؾص۹֪жپ룬Ƚ֮ºȥǡ
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ȥɡ
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䣡
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һµϢһȫţ˶Ŷڵķ˹ȥ࣬õ֡
ַ廯һʸ˲˼֮أȺģ۵һ¶һĨζЦݡ
䣡ϵϢؼţһֲ촫һ̱ײÿѪֻԶƬռУһ嫵Ĺ͸Ż֮Ĺϡ׳ۣʹ


0818 ȫ
嫵Ĺ֣˶ÿˣе𺳣ȴȫȫȡ
߹ǻ߹ܵǺ嫵ĻЩǿ嶼ʼ߹Ҳ˻߹
ʲô˶Լŵл߳ʵųˣǽˡ
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кܶ౦಻֪Ĺ޷ȥЩ֮޷ȥѵǻȥ
˸Ѱҵڣֱӳʹ˸ȥÿһڣǰȫģܽ빬С
ˣһ̵Ⱥˣߣ߸ϣƶ˵ǿڣҪĴڣƽʹ֮ǶԶرһξģܹǲǿЩصĹڴ֡
Ҳڻ߹ǰɱһ˿侲ôᣬôֻ߹ģ
ġȺһַ㣬ղŽ˦漴Ļһ嫵ĹǸ˳ȥ
ַ㣬ģ͵õ
Щ侲˼ǿͷ࣬ʹߣӵкεȵͨĻ
ɫѿޱȣǶ֪ֻ֮ߵܵõʴУȻȴûУʵּƺ۸ˡ
ַ㡢ַģȺ˸ŸղַڵķλȥǿȥʱȴַѾʧˣûˣ֪ȥ
ô죿ǿ߿һһ޼ʵĻ֮أַʧˣֿһ۹嫵ʹͰǵǰǵľҵȥ
ַģľʹ⹬ˣǷַ㣿
ǽ빬УַָΣ
ԣǿʼηַıζŷǰʹѵҪĿǿʹǰ޶ԣıﱻ˶ô죿
ȥΪǿ޷ס֪ıҲҪȥʵĹ
ǣౣ侲Ҳ뵽㣬⹬᲻Ѿַƿأһı壬ǣܹסʵ档
ҲһЩŵ˷ǳڶʱõİ취ǿһǿʹ⣬Ȼ˭Ը棬Ϊ֮˵ǿӲǲò棬Ļַʵˣ˾ͳַֽɱˣȡģ֤һʧ
ȻҲ͵͵Ľȥ̲ס
ʱʵ棬˸ûпʵ棬ǿַɳģַԸҪĽܻô˳ԸҪɣĸҿ϶ַģƿʵ
Щʣַ㲻츳ǿҲǼãȻ֪ܹõԺ󹬵еıַġ
һʯڡ޷ʯڣŰ֮ţΨַ㣬ܹö
ıɲô׵õġ૵һôǿ߽棬ȥûãټַ㻳һ˿ģȿԽ¡
ʹȺˣЩʵһε˴·ϵĳʵķ񱼶ȥҪʣνĴУ
ʵʱȴΪʵ壬ʧˣʵ¼ʯڡ
˵ַǹһʯڣȻֶͨΣģΪ֮˶֮ʵ漴ָصʯڡ
Ϊ֮߹ȥʯڵɲǣ΢΢£ðԵּӲ죬¡
˵ħּܶѵħ֡Ϊ֮૵ǣΪʲôַܹħ֣ѵ츳ǿ󵽿µ꣬ħʲôϵ
ò˵˿ַʹ˵еħʣмơ
ĿһС츳ףһħ¾Ѫأη壬Ǵ˵еħʣַ㣬ħʵӰӡ
ʱʹ棬Զ֮أһӰ̤ŵ棬Ʈ嫵Ĺ̤ƽĿ⵱У͸ЩĮ֮⡣
ַ㡣˵Ŀַ⳯㣬ˡ
ַһǰţ죬ǰȺԼ嫵ʹоû̫ĲڣߵʹǰԶǱߵȺЦҪҪʹǺãʹд
˵գַ֣һ¡¡ľ޴Ǻޱߵʵһֱ࣬ӷַС
ܶ˲ԼѪ뵽൱УõģҲõ嫵ĹһУַġ
޾ʹһ˲ʧˣЩʵ˶ûˣ
ǿģʹַȫȫĿƣڣıַˣЩˣǽԶҪʵˣѹҪ棬Ϊ˷ֹ
ƬߵĿռ䵱Ужʮˣ඼ǿߣһȫַԽ͸һɱ⡣
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ûֻǵõе࣬ˣͽסǵǣԶ߸߷ɣѵǶûô
ַٶȿڣǵģȻ
ַĻջ̫ˣ


0819 ֮
ߣ˵ʲôϻɡȺַ㣬ɱԽԽǿңǵȷĶˣҪõģҪɱַ㣬ַ㲻λܿģõʹ
֪ǣɱңȶġַ¶һ˿Ц⣬ģ漴ݺݵ˦˳ȥǿѡɱңʱľѾˣΪ¡
ġȺͫ͵һŲȫȥ
ǿΪ磬ŴΪ˱ǿ󣬶˿̣ǿĻǰõʹǽлᳬԽŵǿߣΪ߸ϵ˭ںš
Щʵеˣִ֮ľȴ֮ԡ
䣡
ҹֲϢŶЩǿߺҵսˣռХ˶ֻΪһġ
˿̵ַ㷴еվǣƽĿȺ͵սͺûйϵһ
Щ˿ַ߶ߣӼᶨҪȡĵľģõģɱַ㣬ʹǵˡ
ַԶһͷҲͬû뿪Щǿߵսַ㣬Ȼǰ̫࣬Ļֶ֪Σټǿֲ츳ԽԽΣա
һĺâڶĵϣöĸоһ䣬ĺ͸Ŵ̹ǵɱַ֪жôɱȻַģҪûôס
һĺֻһֱֱӲһ嵱УѪţһǿߣȻģɻڵϡ
Ҳȥɱ
һſµĽХֱ֮Ӳ˵ıϣɱ֮󣬽˲䶶Է˺ѣһתһâնɱ˳ȥֱնһɿµ֮ϣӡֱնѡ
ģҵġһֻһ̤ĲŵϵĶȥٶȿ쵽˼顣
ңŵˡȺ΢΢һǳֽ֮еĳŭХ֮ɱգ˲Ϣ
ˣӰң֮廯ʮӰÿһ̺
ֲ͡͡ĽֱӽӰĨȻӰɳŵϵĶȥ
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ĵˣֻɱַ㣬Ĳܱӵƿء
ÿٶȡַ㿴ǰң֮˳ߺޱ飬ȴײǿң֮Ʈȴֿ磬һĲӰƺõģƺʵġ
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ַٶģֳΪһ࣬յ˵š
ַӰһƵУԶ³ѪӰ¶һĨϷʵЦ⣺ǣ޴ÿԡ
ӳȥЩѡɱôͿΪ£ı˶ߣ˵һʱͬʱѡ˶ģɱַ㣬ϧƺˣڵַ㣬ӵоԵƿȨǶģã
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ȺӵǱ˸ٶַ㲻Զɫѿ
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ͻȻʶһ㣬ַϣʱؿĻǺȥĻǸɱַ㡣
ѹַһ㶼ηǣΪַ뵽㣬Ϸˣ档
ˣַ㿴ЩѿɫЦҪ𣿡
һ֣նɱЩǿ໥һۣ׶Է˼ڣֻնַ㣬ſܶᵽġ
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ңŵǿٶȸ쵽ޱߣյУһƬõĲӰȫһ
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ٿַ㣬δһ£ֻƽĿԶǱѪӰ
𣿡
ַȻƽûа㲨ЩǱӰӵĮϷʣûȷŪ׵׵ŪԷеʵһǿޱȵıһ֣˭ɱ
Щǿѿ£ĸǿ߱Ϸʣоŭ޲ýַʬΡ
ɡȺ໥һۣ֪Է˼ɱַ㣬ȥŵǿߣϢַɣ׷ɱ·أҲַ㡣
ߡЩ˵ڿգ׼뿪
ַɨЩһۣ¶һ˿Цߣɱûܳɹ뿪
Ųһ̤棬ڿգַ㳯ǰԽȥѸޱȣǿҵɱ⣺ûܹ뿪Ұɡ
˵գַ廯һ磬ϯǰ˲併ЩǿߵϿգ漴͵ĽеӳȥһޱߵĻţһޱȾ޴ĺ¡죬ʹֱշѹڵ֮ϣغݺݵĲ£һľжôĿֲ޷أѷ죬ݺύ


0820 ս
ʹֻǳһ˲䣬ڽѵһ̣ٶʧࡣ
ٿ˿̵Ĵأѷ콻֯ϻʬ壬һɲǣǱշѹ飬ѹ
ӣַܹ
вȣΣòص˶뿪ԼԸЩˣңҪõʹȻʹ䣬Ǿͱ뽫Щ֪ȫշѹɱûκεܣЩ˲ͱҪ
һߵĹƿˣû֪жرǬ쫷磬䶯ַҿ϶ֻҪϢȥŵ߶׷ɱȡϵġ
νؾУ߶ǳӣֻΪĹ̫翣ҼҲмȺ̤棬Ĺûг֣Ҳû˵򣬵ǡǡһΣĹˣһ𺳵Ĺ
һϢ©Ҫһ׷ɱ·š
֪ܵˣҪ
䣡һµĽǾŵǿûӵص׳˳ͬʱһõӰƮɨַһۣɱǿңǵķӦ쵽£Ǽݵһ˲ƿ棬ֱصףɱǿµ㱻ĸ
ɱ㣬Ҳɱǣ츳ǿ󣬵õʹϢȥҲ֮ءǾŵǿ߿Ѫ˵ϵĽŰݿ棬ʱ׼ӵصӶ뿪ֻҪ̶ַ֣صס
ɱ𣿡ַһЦ̯漴Ƶгһѩ֮ڣȻͷµ·һ
ѩϵĿţյУ洫ֲŭ֮·λǿ߶Ĥ
ַ㣬бƣ
˼ҪַƷˣĻ쵰ǿ䣬ַʵǿȻȴַһֱϷˣŪַˣѪڣַƺֶΡ
𣡡һ𺳵˺֮·ڲضҪ¡¡ı֮УͷµޣޱȾ޴һͷ޴ɫſĴţ˫Ŀ⣬˸еη塣
ͷ޴ǿ
ڴԲԶǸղŭضǿһͷܣ·޾ͽ־Ҫǿ߶˺ѵ
ÿµޣַ㣬ƿôµޣ
ͱܾ޴ıӶַ㣬µϢÿռ
ɱˡַŴͱ³һ
ͷȻֱܹӹͨȻͷƺûһ޴ֻĶַ㣬Ҫַ˰㡣
ĸָǣǶаԹԣֻùַ㣬һδ࣬ȻҲָǣָʹ㣬ĸ͸ַġ
ɱַĶͷޣĿȻޱȣдһĨ֮⣬·ͷ޴ȥҪŭ
ܾ޴ıϢ³ɵַ㣬ַǶţԽԽ䡣
á³һַЭǵȫַƿţĸǽѩУֽѩַ㣬ֻҪַԸ⣬ͿԽѩ棬ȻǲԸĽ
ƳĿ⣬ûٿַ㣬ǶңŵǿߣĶʱŭޱȾҡ
ߡǾźңŵǿ߸ܵǷʱĻ˵ֱ⣬ͬķӶ뿪쵽˼顣
ңŵǿߣǧ׳Ӱӣȫһƺѭһɺ͹켣Եøңš
ˣŭţңŵǿݺݵţ죬ٶѾˣȻ޴Ƿٶȣ츳ͨٶֶôĿ죬󣬼ңŵǿѾˣɱ׷ϡ
ѽӲӵצôĿӿгңŵǿߴɱȥǴӶԼצӡ
𡭡ңŵǿ״͵ļ٣Ȼٿ죬ǿ첻ǿµצֱӴͷϿѹץ£ȵңŵǿҪֵʱȴѾˣѾΪ¡һըѵ촫Դץѣ˲
ٿһߣµٶȻԶûдô죬ûǾŵǿ߿죬Ȼ̫ǿˣ֮ʱŲ¡¡̤̤ϣ춼ڲɿֲĲ֮Ǿŵǿߺ޾ǿĲУȻסˣ޷ȫٱϮ
ֲȽݣµĲ˲ϵĺϣŵǿ߻Ȼתɫ䣬Ǳܣؼ䣬ͷųһµĽȻ޷ѣԲˡ
ɱһ̳ػΪ飬һ·֮ʣֱҪϣͺһξ뱻˲ϢԽˡ
𣡡쳤Хŭһ޴İƺݺݵ˦˳ȥһ촫ǿߴ̳Ľ޾Ĵˣǽ޵ɫ˲û˰Ѫɫ
һƵоӵĿȻܹǿ˹ֱӽѡ
ݲ룬ޱ߾޴ƴź¡¡˳ѹȹɫ䣬ҪһӶݡ
𡭡ſ죬һغݺݵ£ǾǿߵҲͣ˲䣬ݵһ˲䣬İֱ˳ȥǾŵǿӲĸˣ
һƵ̺жôĿֲˣ


0821 ׷ɱ
𡭡ŰܻĽԷĴԼ壬ÿռݡ
˱նɱ֮󣬶ʱƬռ䵱УֻʣһĿ֮ˣĿһеķַ֪ܡ
вţֱⷢһУַ㣬࣬µĹ˶ˣˣַ㻹ǲɱõЩûнʹеˣеƣУȻµޣͷ޴ͱܣ׽ǿŰɱ
ֶַΣöоһĵ׵ĺ䡣
˫Լϵʱ򣬶΢΢һĵ⡣
Ϊӡַ㵭³һƽУȴܹĸ̺ܵɱ
ӦףҿԷŹκˣ㣬һɱ
֪΢Цŵ˵ͷַ㣬ѾǿҸе־ˣһ죬Ҷľһա
ַĿ⵱¶һĨɫѵĻΪԼܻţ
ԣõʹϢһᴫȥģΪҪˣҲܹġƺΪַ֤Ĳ²⣬Ľ˵ַüģȻôȻţƾʲôΪԼܻȥ
ΪԼܻ뿪ַ㵭ʵ벻ףĵŴӺζ
ǳЦ£֣ڵƵУɷ«ıãĵ壬ֱɷ«ϡ
ַ㣬µıûеô򵥣̺İõ޷һʱ͸ҵõɷ«һֱĹȴ˸ǣʵɷ«һ
ĵЦһ漴ԪӿǾ޴ɷ«··ַͫ΢΢һʥƣʥơ
ټǳЦ£貵ĹâŶɷ«ŶĵͻȻ仯һӰ˸ʧһ˲䣬Ͳ֪Խ˶پ룬ַֻܿһģӰӡ
ĵӰʧַ£漴ɫ˲ѹֶһֱôȻԭɷ«һֱɷ«ͨûʹóΪ˷ֹ˿䲻
ȻַҲֻһ˲䣬ʥƵһ˸ʮ֮ĵطȻվ֮ûʧ
һ¡¡촫ѩ˲佫УַĽŲ͵һ磬˴ıȻĵ׷
һ˲䣬漴͵Ĵ£ռŭХֲ˷Яַ壬Ŷڵķٵ׷ȥ
õʹϢԲ©򣬵ȴ׷ɱܲǻǬķ
ĵ鲢ûֵôȻɷ«֮ϣɫ࣬յַ㣬ȫıУַ࣬ƽַŪƵУ񣬶Ҳûָоˣַ㣬͸оԼǰһͷµޣ·ʱ̵ܽʣ
һַĶԻַ㲻Ѱա
һɿµö͵һعͷ㿴˷쵽˼飬˫չĴһ£·Խһοռ䣬ɷ«ٶȻҪ죬ڵ޷ȫԦɷ«
죬һɿµ˳ľ͸оһϢıһо쬵ģ˿˿亹ȫַܹ׷κεԥһնɱ
͵Ĵɷ«֮ϣ貵Ĺâٶɷ«ϵʥ·ֱռ˵Ĳ£漴ɷ«ٶһʧһֵ̳ʱѾʮ֮ľ롣
Ƕܹһֱֲֿٶȣ˲ϢʮһԿԽʮĿֲ룬ôǴҲ޷׷Ƕĸûһֱ߶ʥƣÿһΣͱٶԪͨɷ«ϵʥ·
ݵʱ䣬㲻ϵľ룬öĵ¶˾ֵɫٶȺÿ£Ȼ˦
ĵɫʼȥĻԪᱻĴʱ޷߶ɷ«Ͽŵʥ֮⣬Ҫַնɱˡ
һҪԪ֮ǰϵ͸⣬߶ʥƵƵʣַҪ׷Ҳѣֻܱһľ룬ֻ˶ַͱˡ
ַվڴıϣαֱ˾ͺһʵʱų֮⣬ֻҪ˹Χֱӳնɱġ
˵ٶȶǼĿ죬ԶĶԣÿһ붼غаޱȵĽʱ̶ַ㣬ɷ«ϵʥϵԾռ䡣
ֲеٶ˺ܿͿƬĮ̤˹֮ǬУʮƷ۹ưԣ䣬۹ȫʮ˴Ʒ۹ѹƣÿһƷ۹ſֲ
۹ˣ۹ĽޱߣӵƷ۹Ϊֱ۹Ʒ۹֮Ƕڶ۹֮£۹Ĳʢǿ붫Ѳϵ۹޾еİ
λڶ֮ϣһ޴ĸΡ׳ۣΪ档
һĸм䣬׳ֱۣλڶĴλһǺ嫵ĳ
ʱĵĳʯ̨֮ϣм壬ƺûʲô˼Ŀ
ϽǼһȺǰؾôˣôһϢûСһ۵ЩƵ˵
ʱԽòԽ˵ԽпܳرǰǲȥЩ˵ĻȻһЩˣԵһЩĵӣţ˵ڶᱦ
һ˿˵ǰؾЩˣǶǵĻ飬ʱ֪ǵİȫڣЩҪŵӻ鶼ûѣǲ̫ģ˿ǻ֪ȷûѣˣȴ˾أԶ޷


0822 ֮
յУĵɫѾЩ԰ʹʲôֶΣѲַ㡣
ַ㣬һҪɱǶ֮䣬ֻܻһѣַַ׷ϣǶû⡣
һĴɷ«֮ϣâתɷ«ϵʥ߶һ˸ʮĵͬʱҪԪ߶ɷ«ǰУϧԪ̫ˣ޷߶ɷ«ȫԲֹٶȣ֮£ѾҪˡ
ȿֲٶȣﶫĸҪʱҵԪҲֻܼʱˡҪԪϧһٶ̻ٶ̫죬˲룬ڣֻпˡ
ַվڴıϣ罣·ûа仯δֺˣһֱɱĵľģ˭޷ҡıҪΪǰĳޡҲΪԼ
Ѿ˶۹Ľ򣬶Ŀ⽫еĸ߶ѹϣܹע⣬ӰǸܵͷŵĿ֮󣬸û˸û£һ쫷綼ܽǹߡ
ԼҲ佫˵ΪηԼһƬ̵ʱ䣬ͻ٣ķѾĻ˽գôгһջҪƶΪ۹İ
һڶϵĳǰޱߣĵϸһϣ˿˶ڴϢѾڶԪ޷ƵʣһͻὫľҡ
ˡֲŰڸϿչһ磬ĸв̧ͷеӰ
Ĵ߶ԼʣµԪһδ߶ʥƣ˵һ촫ɷ«ٶȴǰУܿ죬Ҫﶫˣ̤ǿǿߡ
ˡˣûֱӴַһϿգ붫ı֮أɹƴһУҪնɱġ
ţġڵ˿ĵ֮ʱϳ˶ģ漴мӰڿգŶʵô£
ɫѾ԰ֽû˵һ䣬ֱӴǵǰӹ֪⼸֪Ķˡ
ȻĹ򣬺ĴЯµ쫷µצֱӽǵץѣ
ңþȫԪ͵һ³˶ſɷ«ϣȴԶԶĴݳȥ
ţ
ţô£һЩǿ߱ѣ˲Ϣ𣬿£ǰؾȻˣңֻһ˻Ǵڱ׷ɱ״̬
ͣӰǰ죬ٶ˿͵˳ȥһ죬һǿֱ߱ȷ˳ȥ
ʱַ˽Ųһ磬ӴϿԽȥǧ˷·ҪΪһ
˭£ԶһֲĺĴַĤ죬Ȼɱôǿҡ޼᲻ݡ
һ˽һַ壬ٶȻ·𳹵׵뽣ںһ𣬻һޱ߷
ַ㣬õ񡭡
ͣһޱȿµĽӱöĻҵĲ£Ҳ޷³漴һâ屻׵˺ѣȫʬɱΪޡ
Զһݶޱǿҵķŭ֮⣬Ȼ˸ҳ붫ɱ֮ˣʱܹ衣
䣡ǿ߶˳ȥ嵽ַߣסַת·˸ȥ
ߡ̤Ӱһʱһľ֮ţһľַȥҪַס
͵һҪץסַľѵȻַ㣬ҲʲôʱַСвǳĹϵַˣЩѩе޿¶Ҫĸŭ
ľ֮ţ޾ľ·˲Ϣסô޷
󣬸ѣǲסľ֮ޱȣ·֮Ӱ˺ѽɱ
͡͡Ѫţϲë䣬Ʈţң˫ĴѪܵ˺ۣղľ˺ѳ
ѽŭХһͷųһµĹâ漴˫ٶ͵һ˸ǰУ쵽˼顣
ţľ۵Ӱһ湻شܱ֮ǰĿֲٶȣ÷ɣȫգ޷׷ϣȻŴܹ̫á
Ųһ磬ҪŴ׷ȥȴһľô£
Ѿܵشֲ˶ãϲľϽ֮ˣȥ׷ľ¿չŭһʱӰ˸Զ׷ȥ
˵仰ľľ֮ţеɷ«סͬʱתǼλ֮ˣ˳붫նɱһϽµĵӡ
ôĵӡɫʱϽǶ嵺֮һ˴󵨡
ľɷ«ǰľͷһۣڿɷ«ɲǣ͵һ
˵Ҳɷ«֮ϣһı
ǡ
ľ૵漴̧ͷͼ˶һۣͬʱؾ
ղǱնɱĵӣǽؾˣǳˣ
Ϊʲôᱻ׷ɱһֻһˣ׷ʲô
ַ㣬õ񡭡ľͻȻղŶǰһδ˵ɵĿ͵һ
׷ɱ˽ַ㣬ôҲǽؾеõ񡭡
񡭡ʣͬʱʱȻû˵ĻһַõʱҪôǿޱȵҪôĹ
ǲ֪ĵӦǣַ㣬õʹ


0823 
˵˭ΪϤǾǶڲ֪ǰϲ㣬֪壬ǻʺˣ²⵽ؾеĻĹܾܿĹ
˶ǿһֱǰؾ֮ˣˣҲȷʵˣ˶úܽ
˿̣ڶ³֮һ֮ʱЩ˲뵽ʣȻûв²⵽˵Ļ֪ؾеĻĹˣң׷ɱĵַ㣬õʵر
ⱻɱĵӣֻϽµǿߣϻˣǿȴûлľ⼸˵ǵüͷš
ˡĬƬ̣ͬʱĹؾУһ˴£Ǻ֪ڷʲôǷڶᱦΪʲôǵĻܶ඼ûѣ֤Ƕţѵ˻Ĺ
ľżˣĿڵ׷ɱɣץס꣬һжˮʯ
ûһҪץס˵Ŀж˸ŷâַ㣬һҪץסʲôҪģȻַϵʱ
ܿ죬У֪жӰڿն𣬴ɷԶ׷ȥǿߣ˲֪ˡ
ͬʱʼַˣҪ֪һϢȫܴ
ӵʱԲܷŹ
ܵľǿÿһ˸ܹ޴ķˣȻѪȴϵĴ䣬ϢҲ΢ٶȽļ
ѩ˰ɡַ˵һ漴â˸ѩУԼŲһ磬ֱ̤˶۹Ľϣ켣еȺС
۹ΪƷ۹ҲǷǳķ٣֮Ⱥϣʵǿ￿ˡ
Զ۹ԣʥأһضص۹һַ㲢ûйĶ۹ķ켣ȺУٶ˸죬ȺвͣĴ󣬱Ҫٶ뿪۹Ľ
Ϣ΢΢任ַһĨʱַ˱ˣΪһˣɫ΢Щơżֲ̬֮꣬ϸµƤߣ˿̿Ҫóˡ
ܿ죬յһǿϢַ̧ͷһۣаЩһÿٶȣҪ뿪ⶫ۹Ҳôˡ
Ψһַ΢ЩҵǣڶĻδ˵ʱ򽫶һնɱˣֻΪõһʱöĽǵ˵ַõʹǺǿµģ׷ɱ
еӰַͷϿգĿ⿴ϵȺϵš
ַٶѾƽһţż̧ͷһеӰ¶ֺ֮ɫô¡
Ȼַ˿ҲЩƣЩ˾Ȼ׷ɱ˵ؾͲˣһֱй۲죬ƺܹȷ¿գֻΪһף޷ȷĸһ
ʵҲȷˣ¿ܹоһľĶϢľȴ΢ܹȷ¿գ޷ˡ
ʧˣҲղһжصֶΡʱյУһǿ߿˵Ƭ̣΢ľڣûɢȥ˵ַߴȺУܹΪεġ
ˣȫɢʱһĹд£ǿѹ٣·ȺĿⶼһǿ߾ǰԵǸΥּ⣬ǿǶ۹޾İŭǾ
̶̵˲䣬Ⱥʼɢ뿪еӰϸţ漴ָǰһ׷Ϣ
ͣеӰָһȻĺȵ
ӰҪɱǡһ֮дŵȺŲͣ£ɷıܡ
һŭ֮漴˺һƣֱǼӾȺеĿ־壬Ų·Ƶܡ
һĻΪ׵ǿɫЩѿˣһҾ͸ҵַ㡣
ŲڵϣЩǿɢǿ߽ŲŽֵսǵһȥƺľǸλ
üͷţߵսǴǰһʯǽûпˣ߽һڵϣбǽϣۣͺ֮˰㡣
㣬ûп˴߹ȥǿĿⶢڵ֮ˣ漴˵Դ̧¶һ΢Щ̬֮ƺѪ㡣
һ˸ղűȥˡⲡ̬֮˵һǿһ࣬Ƿȥ˼ĽŲͻȻͣˡ
ԡԣо߼ľȻڽı΢
ƺ뵽ʲôֻȻתžâڵϵ˿ȥ
ȻֻһµӰӣ˲ϢǰһɿµĻҪһеĺڰֱӳԴȥ
µĺڰӿ£ռݺݵĲš
㡣ǿŭһֱ̧۵ֵȻڰٵ˲䣬ֱֱӱ˺ѣֱӺͷһſµĻ𣬽˶У˲佫ΪޣĻ޷赲
ӰȻַ㣬ɱǿ֮֮ʹó˲Ϣ͹ˣ̤Χǽһߡ
䡢䡭һµϢţȺֱӽǽںѣǱ׷ȥȻǴӵһֵʱȴʲôϢûˣ˶ţæµԼ飬ǵɫȫһ
˶ܹܵľģȺУֻǱɱǿߣܹľ


0824 ׷
̲֮ϣһӰۣڶ¿յˮţһƬƬ
ܣվŲˣȫŲͬɫۣ׳ۣƻֺ꣬վڶ֮ϣ·𽫶֮ϵˮҪס
ĵǣϽͬΪĴľλãȻЩ˵ΧˣݣЩȺλˣԼмǶˣ
ʱﱻ˵õõϢˣ־磬ģǻʣгһմΪ½ߣǬ򣬵ɰЦ֮ǻ֮УȻһƻܹһʵа
ΪʣҲԵüڻ߿֮£ϡ
Ȼյħδɻ֮ʱǸ⣬ħ֮ʱħʣնʣ𾪾
ľĴǷ񶼰ųȥˣѹĿľϣľһ΢΢ĵĴѾǰȥѰַ㣬Ʊؽ׽
š΢΢ͷ漴ֵסʱ֮£Īţ֪֮ˣǱ죬ǣҪԳȥ׷ɱַ㣬򶨻ɡ
סľ˶ĻӦһǵȻܹ˼Խȹؼʱ̣ԽҪܹ侲ǱҪַסܣߵıֻ׼ǶȥᣬԲǬĴ֪һȷѪ꣬ǻַ͸ˣ˵ַͱץˡ
ˣ㾡ĵ͵ַĿˣնǿߣ˲׷ɱһĹעôַ㣬Ѳǵġ
ַܲ㣬˿ûȥģĴĴǿ֮ˣĴȥˣһ۷֮ˣǿޣҲѳĴġ

ַ֪˿Ѿڶ۹ߣշжûУһֱڵϿ粽ƾŷ֮־ͣ˸Ŷ۹Ľ֮˸ȥٶȼĿ죬а̵ͣ٣ڶΧ̫Σˡ
˰գַ߳˶۹˶۹ΧһƬֵУɲͣϵǰš
𡭡ԶԶģһ޵ĺ͸һĲϢڴǰеַŲһͣʱɫ΢Щѿ
ٵıܣַؽһƬïܵĹľУ˶棬ϢסΨ˫ڰĹΧ绯ڰĻɫ磬ֽԺС
𡭡һ˻֮žϣǰԶһƬľȫı˺ѣһͷ޴лĽ䣬³ϢԵıϣһ۵Ӱһ֪Ƕˡ
겻ɢַһ͸ޱȺ֮ϢԻǱϵǿߣҲܹͨϢҵ
ַĸ֪Уǵ۵ӰֳǹĳڵķַȻ侾˲ϧһе׼
ʹʹˣܹȷܽԷ¶Ҳ˿ĻǽһµѣͶ·ֻħ
ݡԶһ촫ǿߵȻת漴͵ĳǷ˹ȥ쵽˼飬һƵķ紵ݶ޷
޳Źľһۣ漴ŲҲǿ߶ȥַȻˣ漴˸գԷܸܵϵϢҲǺ׼ֻȷµķλ˲Żᱻһ㴵ݶ뿪
񱼵ַܿ˴֣һϣǰƺһС򣬶ͨС·ϣһл飬ƺӭȢĳӡ
ţڴʱַĿͶԶգһڵ㽥ͬһͷԺһ۵Ӱַ͵¡
ַпһۣ漴Ųһ磬廯һ磬֮־ͷţ·һɹַЩ֮΢΢ڵס۾εĻö£漴ַʧȺ£ּǰС
ùŹֵķ硣˵һûʶʲô˿εУ֮⣬ȴһӰַ㡣
סַ㴫ҪҽƬ̡
Ů΢΢˵ͷַŽɿǰŮЩ֡
ŮĿ鶯żֵ֮⣬Ǵ֮գȴûЦݣżۣҲ֪Ϊ˻Ȳѡ
Ůַ㣬û˵һɵɢĸַŵϢģϣڸԼϵϢԷ
ͣһĺ洫ַһʱס
Ůַ㿴һۣ˸£ƺ򣬴Щʲô
һ֮棬۵ĿⶢΣǰУܵϵĮɷû˸ֹ
ߵǰ͵ĽĻƿ棬ֻһźϲŮĺĿƺִżִӺͽš
Ļ£ĮĻͷߵϣڿգԶȥûйƬ̾ʧԶʡ
ɡŮ뿪֮ɫ΢Щ漴Ǻϲɫۺ棬һӰ˳ַ㡣
ллַҲĸЩ鼱֮£Ҳû취֣Ǿһֻó²ߡ
ַ׼뿪ȴŮסˡ
˶ˣҳȥ
ַعͷŮһۣ֪
Ȼ֪Ƕ۹İΧǿޱȡŮڰȴ͸һĸо


0825 ַ
ƺԶû̫ľηЩԹޡַƺŮ
Ůַһۣ촽˶վûпڣĬ£漴Ƭǰû˸ǣĵǵǣʹɣȥֱ˷ˣȵϣٸϽ뿪
ַĿ˸£漴Цŵ˵ͷȷʵܲζΪģټǿϢڸղŶһأߣܸܲĴڣղŵȫϢֹͣͺһһ˾Եţƭ˶Է
ڣŻһȥǰСܹʱڸԼϵϢδһ취
εУַŮƬ̣Ҳ׶ԷԶûоη֮ĵԭˣԭŮǸϵˣǱǿбƻģǿҵˣӵмԭֻһһӣ˶ӶʹһƬشаԵ
ַпߵﶼٲ˵Ϊ磬Сˣֻбķݡ
Ұ鷳ļ᲻ᱻ˱ַŮ˵
ûõģҪȢҵǶӵ׸磬һ˵˵츳ǳ侳߽׵ǿˣߵС򣬸ҲκĶ֡Ůһ˿ǷϣЦҡͷСϣһĸ߽ǿߣͨˡ
ַĬԣûйãȺڵСϣַǿĸ֪ΧһжУȻַ˲ٶˣСܱѲӣַɫÿ϶·ˡ
ֱӵһ޴ׯ԰ͣ޴ׯ԰вӭ֮ˣкüһԿţĿưӡ֮ͼĳۣ⼸ˣǶĵӡ
ƿŮһ꿴ŮòҲ΢΢˵ͷŮǷǳףǿֳ
磬۹ⲻվڽϵһ˵Ц£ܵܣҲϿҸϱǡ
ɣ̸Ů˽顣ҡҡͷĸ޵ҲǣΪ޷ȡ
˵գĿŮϣȵ쾭壡
Ůһ㶣۵ưһֳۣȢΪޣɩɩӦҲŶ԰ɡ
졣ŮĻһǰֱһ˦ŮϣŮѪôĵӣҵܵǶĵӣܼĸ֣㾹Ҫҵܵ񲻳ɣȥ塣
ΧȺЦǰһĻо޿ɺǣȷǶĵӣ߸ϣŮΪɩӣҲӦ
ŮǿĿδɷĿдһ˿ЦȵҪȢӣҪȢū澡
ţӵɫû뵽Ů˲ʶʱ񣬻£ǿòŲȢš
Ϊ檣Ǹ棬ҪСҽ֮ء˵ŮĿȴɾǿһĶ
ʱյкüӰֱӳϿգȺĿⶼһ̧ͷЩˣһۣ䲻
ư꿴Щ£漴ϵư֮˲ʧֵȺ΢΢λʦ֡
ʦ֡ȺһЩ˶Ƕĺĵӣݸ߹
û뵽檾ôණǿߣɵЩ̿֡
Ǽɡһ˵˵ƺ޹أǵĿ⣬һֱԵļӰϣƺѰʲôΧöӰƺЩȺΧ
ǴӲΡΡĵ˵ͷ漴ٶȿŮŭȵλ˽ˣ㻹Ͽ밲
ų򡣡Ů³һӵɫһƾһƾҪٴγȥ
ס֡ʱһ֮ӵƽӲڿУ漴ͿһӰ߹
ʲôˣʲôʱֵˣǰַ㣬Į³һ
ַʲôҲû˵ߵӵߣ漴̧֣ͻȻһ˳ȥĵһӵֱӱ˳ȥ
ثҲʸ檣
ַ³һ䵭һĻŮҲ£ַһ
ư꿴һĻɫ˲ǰַǰ˵֪˭
㣿ַϷʵĿһۣ漴ٶȾưЦһϵϢţ侳߽׵ĿԪĿֲ
ַŮɫʱˣҪȴڴʱַİٶȳ˳ȥưЦָ񵲣ȴֻһ촫ֱֱӹһƸĵѣҲ˳ȥ
һĻȺͷ˵⡭һǴðǿ
ŮҲסˣΪַֻǸһ֮ˣ裬û뵽ַôǿ
ʲôƨţһַһӰͬʱ˸ưһļַǰĮĶַ㣺֮ˣҲҶ
˲Ҳɱ˲٣Ȼɱ
˵գַ͵ĴһΣһµľ޴ӡǰѹȹȥ¡ľ֮ģǼ˿Ĵӡɫ䣬ȻٺѾˣ¡¡֮νĶŵӱһӡȫ
ַţ漴͵ĻӳʱȢ׵ԼȺͻȻȫ˿µĻ棬޷Ļ棬̼䷢ҽ֮һĸۡתۼ䣬ۡȼ
ÿµꡣȺ޷˵һﵽʲôˣôſ
еȺһֱĿַһУȴûֹֻһĶַ㡣
Щɱ֮˽ʧȥַֿͻȻڿն𣬰أŭȵ겻ɢҿҪöɱ
˵գĽŲⲽһµĽâǷֱкü˵屻˺ѣַӰһâԶݶȥ
׷һӰ𣬶ǶˣǵĿģֻһַ㣬ЩСǸûں
ŮԶȥİȻӰһͣ𾪵þþ޷ƽ


0826 ħƿ ɱħ
ַԶȥӰȺ𺳣СϵţͲһһƾͱɱ
ʲôˣԭôǿ󣬶ΪôǿߡŮ૵ʵ޷ǶȹʵôĿֲ
滹ǿ߼֣׷ɱַ㣬һͷηĿϢûһߡ
ַ㽫֮־ʹõ£֮ʹö쵽˼飬֮˲䶼˦׷ɱˣǿߡ
ӲһĮַǰ漴һֳǹԣǰͷŵϢޱȣַҿ϶Ǹ߽׵ǿߣϢ̫ˣԲǶ֡
ַгѩһʱһͷͷµ޳յУȫһĻ£ַ㣬Ȼƿôǿޡ
˺Į³һԼ֮ϣ˿̵ĴѾָЩ
𡭡Űܴ̤ÿռ䶼һХ¡¡첻ϡ
ܣͫĮһǹ綾·֮ӰǹдɱռһµУɱǰ
䣡һĳ޾ĿǹѹȹȥȻдһУ͵촫޿赲ǹֱӴƣǿޱȡ
𣡡˫Ű͵˦ҪԷǹȴô䣬ǹһŰܾ޴ƶҪ顣
˻˻һͷ߳ǰ³һڶʱǹγǹһǹ֮Ӱ֣ǰ·κζ޷ַֺʳɷ顣
ַĿ䣬ǰȥʵ̫ˣȥһЩǿ޶סȫҪ⡣
ŲĳǰַĮĶһµħ⡣
ɱַ³һ֣ŭޱӴȥη壬ٶ̤գ¡¡졣
ַϣһɿµѹ֮ħԣڷŰͫȻһǹʶͬʱһֱַ㡣
Ųһ磬ַӿ޾Ľ⣬صĽ־ȫͷţһ޽ŶԷɱȥȻֻǳǹľ޽ͱ𣬻ޣ֪ٸ磬ʵĲ̫ˡ
Ȼַȴɳǰһɿµ͸ڰĻȼţ·Ҫһж
ԶԶһ¶޾ǹ֮ӰţЩǿȻ޷Ƚ塣
ץסַŭһһħŶͬʱһɿµµѹ֮¡¡촫һµľ޴ڰʯ֣Ҫһжѹסʯ֮ϣһ޴ķ֣ȻǷħʯ
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ħʯܹѹסħʯ
¡¡µѹ֮ȫϣ͵һͬʱַıϣһħֱ֮ӴַϷɳڲյзһɿµħƣذ·춼Ҫ̮һ
ݡݣħһµХ֮һȻûʴַ־Ҫַռݣֱӷ˳ȥնݣַ͵һħȻˣ
˿̵ַħѹһеķħʯǲ壬漴ַֻŲһ磬һеԴɱȥֱӡԴϣһͷ­ֱӱ
໡Դ˿߰ޱȣսûв룬˿̣ȻĨɱˣǹɿµѹԼɶ뿪ħ̫ˡ
ѵǾʱ񰵲ַֻɨһۣȻѩУڴϣչᣬռЯһɿµ쫷ȥ
Щʵ̫ˣֻɱһͶ˷ħʯĿֲѹ˺嫵ĶһͶǿǶطټˣַŷɿĶߡ
ԺЩҲַĴɵȥ׷ǵǿߵַҲܲ
Ƭַ֮һƬ֮أûйȣ˸˼ħĶߣղűƴһԷħʯѹԼ־ħ⣬ڷħʯʹ֮־ħʴȻƺˣһħȻûȥʴ־ѡֱƿ뿪
Ŀ⳯Զһȥħѽϵ֪ħȥǿµħȻħǿ󣬵䱾Ŀ³̶Ҳӹɵģַ㲻ôʧȥħǷ˸ȥ
ʱħһƬɽȵУƬɽһƬţֻ޵ĿϢһԨϿȵУһڵ֮ϣǳİ⻪͸˿˿ķ֮ûаħԣַ㿴ħ˿̾Ȼ˳Ȼ𾪵޷˵
ħԣһޱ߾޴ɽڣ˵ޱȾ޴ɽڣֻһʯѣ޴ޱȵʯ֮ϣ͸ѹһеĿشħҲҪѹӡοħ
ޱȾ޴ʯ֮ϣһ޴ķתſµĺɫ⣬͸޾
ɽȵУµħͷ·˻ХȻֻҪǷħת˲䣬еħȻ޴棬еħ֮ХţûκεħܹʯĿ·ӡ


0827 ɽ
ʱַ֮üͷ΢΢£ܹоħڵķλȴ֪ħжԶ˸ʱûпħӰӣǶݵƬ̣ħ֪ƿʱվ룬˶ôԶĵطȥ
ңԼߵľ뾹ȻشȻԽԽˣụ̂İ׷¸һţûеطԲ
ħ嵱ֱƿȥʴ־Ҳо޴ĺôħʯҪѹħΪãӳµ񲻾ǰһѹԷնɱȺ
ַ㻹ǵһնɱôֲǿߣΪ侳۷֮磬նɱ߽ףҲĵ׳٣ҲΪղħĴ⣬Ÿɳ֮ǶԷһʼȫԸԸƾ侳޷ĨɱԷر
ΣַҪħջȻħħ̫£Ƕԣر̫ϧȵԺܹѹħʴħӳЧ𺳵ġ
ûͣ¹ǰΣַɼԦħϢ֮նȥ
ǹãַһƬߵƽأǧտȥһţַǰĲȴֹסͣĿ⿴ŵǰӰһֳǹգɫĮǹ֣·ŰȻ֮ƣĳַſµɱ֮־
겻ɢַ³һϣͬͷһɱ֮⣬Ŀ£ڶԷĿֲϢǰȴԵ΢࣬Ͼ˵Ϊ̫ˡ
ʲô͵ϮɱϽġɫ䣬ַ³һ
Բ֪ˡַĮ˵
һеĳǹʱǹֿµУһµĺڶһƬռԪ·ǿµиɸɾ
һΣûôˡŲһ磬ʱַֻоһ𣬿µѷ촵ϣ·Ҫ嶼ѡ
ǹһµдǹŶ˺һУռ·Ҫ顣
֮־˺ѣ
ˣַһħʯ֣͵ĳǿµ˺쫷ȥ¡ľ֮ħʯǰһµУ쫷˺ѵΪħʯɽ
ħʯû뵽㾹ȱѹϽϮɱ˲ϳħʯĮ³һŲһ磬ŭһɹɿµ糯˷ι嶼뵽֮־УӰ׽͸
޿ײ֮ӷħʯ˷ιַ죬쵽˼顣
ַŭһħʯ¡¡죬תȻһɹ˺ѵķѾַǰ޷赲
䣡
ͻȻ䣬һɿֲ֮ͷųµϢ·һ죬âɣȻȴת˲ʧе壬ֱӺ˳ȥΪٶȿ죬Աø뿪˸оֵһ£˻Դ
ȻҲڴ˿̣һޱߺ嫵ͷϿճ̧֣ͷ˲㿴ַ㽫һ೯¡¡Ŀ֮غ֮ٶȽ٣Ŀݺݵһǽ춼ڵסһ嫹ַ㣬ƿһ
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䣡
αǿ͵ĹЩˣһֱӣµѹ˶ݵѣΣһɿµĻѣδüӦһеķɱ֮ƽռ䶼漴ҽ֮ڿռ죬Դ˲ɻڲܿ죬һڻ浱бޡ
ٶ־ٶ죬ǰղʹϢ϶ὫȺҪϿҵħַ㰵һֻΪһƬĻֻ֮жԷһŸðգֶνԷɱʹɱ˶Է
һ磬ַ̤䱳ǰȻ뿪ûжãԼԾͶϵˣﻹַӰӡ
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ʱַǰڲһƽأǳһƬɽȣƬɽȴ͸żŵϢżܹµ˻ַ֮ͣյУƬɽȡ
ħϢɽ棬뿪󾹷ɳ۽ƬɽȵС
ߡַ³һǰУƬ̺ǿɽȵУȻܿ죬ַĽŲһͣ
ֻʱǰһӲݴ֮أȴһʯ¶е֣
ַƻӶʱһ쫷ӲݱҲ¶˳ȴַ̲ס΢΢һ
ɽȣ
Ȼɽȣ˵ɽ֮һǴӾĪϧĿУڿؾ֮ǰĪϧɽȵУһޱȾ޴ķħʯѹſµħͷ˸ҽɽȵУУɡ
ȻħƿգȻɽȣħҲˡ
䡢䡭洫һַعͷ㿴ͷЯȻȴɽ֮⣬ԶԶͣûиҿʯɫ΢΢
ɽȣַȥﲻãƫƫȻɽȣҪԼ
Ǭɽȣһأû˸̤Уʵǿ֮Ҫȥ̽һǴ˵бѹǿħͷһȥɽȵУûٳ


0828 ɽ
峯ַ㻺ȽĿⶢַ㣬Į˵һɽԳɿգַ㣬㽫ؾеõıｻҲǴ󷢴ȱܹˡ㲻
һĻ𣿡ַЦһʹһԷҪĵһ¿±ɱڣʹ֮⴫ȥ
ûѡ񣬼ɱ㣬Ҳȫʬһ˻˵
ǣηҿɽȵУȴװ˵Ȼַ㿴ǰһףЦЯʱ˿̿еЯɽȵаɣĻԷͣԻֱɱ֡
һɽԳɿգΪǿҲӳ죬ɽַȥ
ô˵ѵɽȱħɱʴɣһЦ˵ɽȵħǼĿ£ܹ˻ǣ˵ƣΪУӴΪū
٣˭޷˽ɽȣǷлҲһһϣǲУͱɣǶؽ㾡һнɱҡ
۶ԷοڣַʼձĵĮɽ˷硣
ҪΣɫ׵ĳ
˺ʮ֮أҰȫˣȻͻ뿪ʱǶ׷ɱҲ١ַǳǳһЦ˺ʮ֮أܸ㹻ķӦʱ䣬ַǣħô죡
ҽɽȵУħ½Զĳ
˺ʮΡһŭַ㣬˺ʮ֮أַ˶ˡ
ǽɽȣǻȥܽ𣿡ַ񲻾ĻӦһԷȻĬַɽȣｫΪ̸ƵǣǶҲ˲ˣȴַ࣬ɱ޷ʱڹע
ãҴӦһˬĿڣøղ˵һ˶ԷһۣҲûʲô飬˵ĽŲȻڻĺˣҽַȵ̫ͷԣҲһˣƬ̱㵽Զ
ˡԶһɿµ쫷ַϣɳ죬ַ޷΢΢ϡ
䣡ַԺ͵һֻǿʶУããĿ¾Уһҳķ֮ӰЯ߿µ
ߣַȻĽͬʱŲ͵ĳɽƮˡ
¡ŰĻַղķַ㻹ǣ´˿ѾǸˣڸղǶݵƬˣȻ񱩵ĻɴϣƺһֱӱɽȵУɽ¿׹ȥ
ɽȵʯǰһӰ˳·ɷųۣ͸Ų˼ǿϢȻĴ֮һȻ˿ⶫǿȴЩϢ
һƱҪַ㵱ɱַõıҲȻû뵽ַ㾹Ȼˣǧһ͵ĺˣµƷֱӺ¡
˿̣ɫ͵ʴףûַܰ㵱ɱõַνĻ߱ַɽС
Ҫ֪߽֮ɽȶţǬ˭˭ַ㽫УɽȽΪַ֮أǵòߵıˣܲõ
ʱַ㱻ֱӷԾɽǿʯֱӳһԨɽ׹ȥµɽȫŵϢη
ȿȣһַ㻹ˣԷһµҲ˲СĿͷ
໡ءڰյУ洫죬ַҲ΢΢˼ļɵ֮ˡ
Ƭַ̣סΣĳ·׹ȥ˿̣оһϢҪĸо·ʱ̣пˣҲ
ɽȡַͫ͵һɽȵУ͸ܵϢ̫ˣ·ޱߺ嫵ɽȣ͸ϢҪʴ̤ɽȵеȺҪ˰ĸԼ
ڣַĽŲ½˵棬Ÿأͫױݺݵ£ֻΧǣһצ֮ϣޱȿµķâ·ȸҪӲȵҪ񣬼Ŀ¡
˻޲ַһǣЩϣȻȫ͸һɿµ֮Ϣ·ǲޣôϢη
һɽԳɿգַԺһȻĿȴޱȣһϿȵУ


0829 ħʯ
Щµһַ㣬ĿŨڵ죬ĳַ̤
ַҪԪȻնһ̣ȴƺһһӿռгȥ·ӽˡ
ַֹͣɫ˲䣬ɽȵУܵԪ򣬾Ѱ·֮塣
ԳɿաԳɿգַ૵·⻰˼ɿգԪ޷ãɽУ֮ˣֻΣɽȵУ˻ȥ
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徹˵ļӲַͫһǣ·һҲ˾תħǿ֮
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䡢䡭ħӡǵϣȫ˻ȥȻЩµֻڵϹ£һ·ַоһͷۡ
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ַĽŲܼѵ̧漴ŲǰɽȥһɽԳɿա
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ַǰ֮ʱͻأģǰһֲ𣬿ֲĺӰ˲佫նᣬַ̧ͷĿ΢Щʧ
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ַĽ£۵ʬãǵѾ޸ʳֻǣЩӦöɽȵеǿߣܹ̤뵽ǿߣʵһĿ£ջ޷̽ɽ֮أ·;С
ʹŷħʯһ̵ַ޷赲и赲εҪѹܹѹȣַҲ˼ɣɽȵδлˣء
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ַǰ棬һɽȣɽȵдһɽ壬⻬ϴɫɽ壬ǹޱȿµѹ֮Ǵɽ͸
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ŷֵǰбһ޽ޱȾ޴͸ſħϢĽȻħ
ħʯ
ַ૵ķħʯеСħʯ֪ǿ˶ٱҲ֪̺ôµ


0830 ʯµӰ
ԾģɽȵУȻӵзħʯַ㶢Ǻ嫵ʯͺһɽһѹħɽȾصУǺ·ԩŭХַͷƤЩ飬Щԩ֮Уʵ̶̫
Ϲ֮ʱħʯһޱ߾޴ħʯѳ飬ַõһС飬˿ַǰķħʯһһħʯϣ̺һ޷ѹΰ
ѳɻ꣬һнԳɿգĪ塣
һƮַУ㣬˸о̹һɢʱƬռ䶼ԩ겻ŭХ֮Ͽȣ˼֮Ϣ
ʱַͫȴȻһ΢΢һܣӰ
ĿⶢǰǷħʯɽڣ·дַĿ˸ͣѵħʯУ˲ɣ
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ͣ·һɷ֮ԩȻɽȡ
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˿̵ħİһûУҲûпҵĲħǿڷħɽǰħȫѹͺһͨĽһ
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Ųһ磬ַڿնǷǰħͫĮһ̵ַһ֮·¶Ҫ̤ڽ£ΨҶ
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ħַͷϿշ·һɿµķ籩ħ֮𣬾кɫɱء
һѹƵǿ·һն£Ҫʯ쾪
ڣַ˫ֻĶǰնɱޱ߿ֲŷħɽ㵹ȥճһŭ֮Ҫһжնϳ롣
ַĽն˳ȥ
¡¡ħضŭ𣬷·ҪȻڴ˿̣һ촫ɣȴû˸ղǹһеĿֲƣ𾪵ǣǿµĽڱСֱ󣬳׵ɢ
ҪһеĽͻȻʧˣӰ٣·ûдڹһ


0831 ʶ
ַͷҪնʱѡ˷һûнնȥ
建ĳ¿׹ȥַٶȻصϣǻԡڷеӰ˿ֻӰ΢һЩԾĿַħʯķ֮ӡ̫ǿ󣬷ҲãɽΣķ㽫£ϣ߳Ƭɽȡ
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ˣʹ˸ˡַǱѹĴ΢΢֣漴ת˸׼뿪
ȵȡַ߳ǧ֮ʱԷȴعַ㿴Ǵ֮ˣڵǰʲôԸ𣿡
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Էׯϣԡڷ⵱У·Ȼ⡣
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㼸ѣõԼ֮һζ뿪Ƿ̫׵֮΢΢һ⡣
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ԷĬƬ̣漴ַ㣬ĵοġ
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ַ˵ͣƬ̣漴ɻʵֻҲǣΪϵķ֮Ϣȴ˵Ĵ⣬αװΪ˴㲻˱ԲŶԡ
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ȤȤֻԷ¶һĨЦݣ͸żа죬Ҳûǹʥķ֮ȱ֮𣬶ԷòʱʱħƬ̽ɫ֮ת˲ֳΪڰ֮ħͷ
գһɿµħ֮Ŷ㱻ӡѹôģ͸ޱ߿µ棬ħħַͫǰ֮ӰħȻһϣ˵αװ֮Ҳ̫ˣħȴԡɷ⣬سɷ𣬲Էı壬ɻħ
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͡͡µĺâΪַ֮ʶַԸħ֮תлŭǿµĺâƬյУ·ŭХò׳ۡ
Ǳѹǿڣֻǿ־ͽռʵңҪַʶȡַĿȨ䡢¡¡һɿµ־ַԴײַ飬ֵ죬ǻһû־ԼµĻ类ԷʶȻûǿµķħʯѹͷӡǸˣԷһ뷨һͷʶˡ
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ͣƾȥַ޷ħ֮Էء
ԭħˣַͫĮħƿزˣ̫ǿˡ
ΣĽȽһðɡԷ˵ħתͣħڿգȻ䳯ɽϵķֺȥ
ҹһŭַֻ֮ŲڿգЯԼϵķħʯħӵоˡ
䣡ħʯѹħħȥַŲվǷ֮ԣħʲá
ԷҪħƷַ֮ԸԲУħͷ¾ַڣ


0832 
Ҳ̫ǿַԷħʯħȥܹܵħûкǿȻԷȻܹʶƿħȡȨȻӡ־ǿħӲµĻû֮ǰԷͺѹӡɡ
ԶԷħҪڲƭʹħƿѹӡ
Ʋַ֮Į˵ħʯȻǿޱߣһħʯѹħħԣ˿ǰһޱ߾޴ķħɽڣһħʯ֪ǿ˶٣֮һֵ·ҲǼĿ£ħͷѹס
ǿԺú̸һ̸ԷƵַЦһȽħҡ
ԣãջرǡħͷƽ˵ַ㽫ħУһʱħ壬ԷħʯѹסֻħڳԷ޷ħ
ַ㲻òħͷ־£ңԶľ룬ԷȻܹӦħĴڣ֮ơ
ַصϣħͷ˿̶ԷѾûټΣħ֮ת͸ǹɿµѹħַȴܹܵԷŵĿħԣһħ
Σħͷַ㣬Ц
ôףַʵ
ĲƪҴƿħʯħͷ͸˿˿ջַ֮ͫһ

ħͷȻ֪ѵתħǴݻʹеʵڣ֮ʱתħԶתǧħʱַɹתħϵ
˿̣ħͷĲƪȻָתħ
˭ַ㶢ŶԷħͷܲ򵥡
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𣬷ħʯѹסңֻһ㣬ұ֮ܽƿҸ㣬ۡħͷ˵ħ֮תϢħɳɷɳħ
ַĿħͷ漴Цһǡ
˵գַתҪ뿪
ȵȣһδ˵ꡣԷַ㺰סΪ֪Ҳ֪һ廯ΪħˣΪ𣬶ң֮ħ˵Ϊۣǻԡ
֮ħַŲȻֹסתŶԷתħ֮⣬ħͷħͨ죬ʵĿ£ܹûķ֮ϢԻƭôп۵ħΪùһ壬ûɷȻҲķ֮⡣
۵ħȻԿµͨѹڴ˵أ
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ħͷջ֮Ⱦַ־ַһҧҧ촽Ҫħ֮ƻңһΣұ֤뿪
ǺǡǺãԼףһϼʿлõ۾飬ǺεȻԵϣܺúжϡ
ַ˸ͣӦ뵽ɱңȴҲֱ뿪ôȴ
ħۣںһ֮ƭ㣬ֻҪһɽǿͨл㡣
Ҳšַϵҡͷħ֮š
㲻ǰαװɷڲƭңֹƻ֮־ĻţҪɱ練ƣ˵ǰ㣬ϰ򵥡
˲ңȴɻỳңȻ˵ν⣿ħͷַʵ
޽⡣ַ㵭˵
Ҫҡħͷŭ
㣬Ҳңȴַ㶢ħͷ˿ò
ļһǺãȴֻᴫ֮֮һƪ漴ŵ֮ٴ澭ħͷǴһ˿Ц⣬ƺһ
ԡַͷӦ
ǿ̺İأҪҴ㣬ҽʶУĿ䵱СħͷֵַһħͷʵǿʶܹɱΣʶд̫Σգв¾ҪֱĨʶΪУ塣
ޱȺ嫣ɲǿһܹ˵ġħͷƺַԥٶȿڣû̫Ϊƽƺ϶ַ㲻÷ǿĴ𾪡


0833 թħͷ
ַûӦħͷĻ΢΢üͷħͷҪʶðա
ַڸ֪ħͷжôǿҲħͷԼֶΣջһɱĨʶ㣬ַ㲻òħͷ²ǰ㣬澭ҪַȻġ
ħͷżҲߴַ㣬ǡ
ܹ֮û˸õ֮⣬ǿǿ߻Ի깥֮ʶз𣿡ַ㿴ħͷһ
ħͷ΢΢ͷû֮˺һһ壬콻ڣϣ֮ʶʶΪ֮ɹأʶǿߣɱ飬һͷɱΡΪɱС
ʶǿҲҪòУʶ֮Ҳ似һΪϡ٣֪ǷˣַʣǿߣЩǿȻǿȴδйʶǲԸǸ֪е
ǡħͷͷʶɱˣӺϣʶҲΣգʶ֮ǿ似ϡ١
ǰҪʶʶУӦҵ˼ɡַƽ˵ħͷǴһ˿Ц⣬ַܴʶ㷢뵽ҪʶֶΣʶ֮㱾ǿĻһǿȻԴ
ǰȫַħͷ΢΢ǷΪǿҪԽԽǿޣ˿ӵһλħڴˣǲһЩֶͨΣ̫ϧ
ãҽһͬҪſʶҽ㡣ħͷ˵һַԻ󣬵˵ʲôַǡ
һҪ򵥺ܶ࣬òƬʱɡ
㵹ǽƬԽ֮ӡԺ䵱Сħͷڵ
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˲䣬ַоһ뵽ʶУޱߣ·͸һɿµΰΪƿӡٽַʶȻ嫣ȴԵͽַʶĨȡַƿȨˡ
ַʶУǺ嫵ǧ򻯣һģӰַָԺ΢΢һ㣬һĨӡǣʱַоʶһʹ嶼΢΢£һɼ䣬ֱӡԺУޱȵ
סʶлХַʶе·¶һ˿Ц⣬漴˳ַʶУַâһš
֮֮֮ʶԻͭӣ֮ʶĨ˵ĻǣͬʱҲɻͭɹأδ֮ǿ˺һѾԿʼԶ֮ǿҿԵ㡣
ħͷǧɾ֮᲻ַʲôõ֮һΪԺ㣬ΪԷȡʶַķȫַ㣬ַʱ
лǰ⡣ַħͷͷ˸˼֮أ漴ϥʼԷڵ
ħͷ˵ַڻδ䣬ƾǿĻǿҲ޷ӳȫδɣʶ޷̫ԶǶԷǰܹǻãлʶӣʶ
׷ȻҲǸĪַ֮֮޷ַ֮оԼѾһЩɾֹͣͣ˼ٶվǱѹħͷȥ
֮ħǺģʱѾȴ֪֮õԣ˲Ϣת˲ȥûһ
Σڿ𣿡ħͷ¶Ц⣬ַദħ⻷ƣȻȴ濴ħԣͺһһ·ħԶΪǧѹˣ˵¸ĥ
ǰˡ񣬻һ󡣡ַ۵ħٶǷԵúܹ㣬ħͷһͣЩˬĵк£
ַûиоԷеĲˬһĵǰ֮󣬱ʯ쾪ǰһܹȥ
ƻСӣ˻١ħͷЩƵĶַ㣬һڴ̺ôƫƫһ˵ǰûʣԼħͷҪ޳ܡ
ǰַ˵ٶȶħͷ΢΢ǷͿħͷŭȴֲ÷йǳʱַֻ̣ˡ
ãΣҴһͬϹ֮ʱңеңҪӦңһҪˡħͷˬ˵ַͫȴһ
ңȻңؾؾŵңžоһ׼ĲַǻӶԷƪȻ˿۵ķڸģؽңƪǲƪܹģַ˷ܣȴ¶ɫƽ
лǰȫŵһҪ󡣡ַ㻺˵΢ˣ͸ղһſʶħͷ룬ȴת˸ղ֮л껯ӣػʶǶԷҪĨʶƿӡ
ħͷδôղһ壬ӡֱӡַʶУңžең
ȵħͷ˻أַӶദļ䣬һϲȻңõһҳֽмصĲȫ桢£ңңǲƵĲƪȻȴѾֲܿˣ


0834 ħӡ
ңʮһֲÿһֲ仯ǵ˺棬һֲУ̺ʮһֱ仯ÿһֱ仯ʥƹնɣһ̤ɿԽգǿ󵽲˼ĵز
磬Ǿ̫ˡַڶңУԽӴͨԽоԼľ̫ˣĲ̺ı仯ʥƹգҪ˵ƿأңžең´ȡãҿ϶֮
ַǿ뵽ҵĺڰ統У̤˺һ֮͸оԼһľ磬޵ʶУ·һӰ̤ңָУҲڲ֪ӰĽŲ⶯·Ӱַ㣬̤Ĳ
ַ֮Ѿûмˣ۾ȴ˸ң磬ޱȣÿһ·Ӱӣޱȣ͸һַ㣬񶼲ǣֺȫǡ
ϸۿ棬ͻᷢһĽӡһΪ档
֮ĲƤëңһңŵңֻϹʱң۵ĺˡ
˵죬ַһԽӰ֪ȥ˶Զټķ֮־ͨǿ߶Ҫܶˣַҿ϶Ϊ൱ٶΪٶȶ
һӰڷħɽǰ֣֮ħɽɽڳ𣬵޾ķӡѹţӡ⣬Զѡ
𣿡ħͷַһЦַ΢΢˵ͷǰˡ
ãſʶҽ֮ħ澭㣬㽫Ҿȳƿӡ֮ҴĴ澭һħۣۡݻ˭档
ħͷջַֹ֮ˮͷҲΪƽɼĿԼ侲
ǰַϥſʶͬʱʶлͭʶԷڴ֮ʱʱܹѹöԷлɳˡ
֮ħ澭ңžеңӺޱߣħͷʵ壬ַʶУϵַԺ䵱пӡǣʹַĻǣַоԺв϶䡣
ڣ糱ˮַʶַͭ죬ʶûַܵɽ񣬳ħİԵ
֪˶ãħͷ˳ַʶַȴһϥŶļ䡣
ħħͷûƭڸļ䣬ޱߣԵ̺شͨΰַ·ܵԺеһμڲ޿ռ䵱Уŵķħɣַ˿ָ̾оԼħܳΪǼ䵱еħڲ֮ϣǿա
ַ̲ס˿̵Ǻ嫺еһˮ̫СתħתѭҪַȥ߶ǿַӷħַ֮ϣħתݣ·һħǲħ
ħϢޱǿַ¶ħ֣һħ֮ҡϣ·Ҫû񷣬֮ϣǷɳеһжߣһƬռ䣬ֻʣ˿µħ֮⡣
ţ
Ʈѹħͷ³ֻ˿̵£ħƣħɽڶ·ֹ
Ϊħ֮ɺ졣ħͷ·͸һħˣһȴħ⣬·Ҫء
ַϣħ죬ԽԽ£·ҪħͷҪ졣
ħħ֮ʼӣħ֮ҫ޽ħ֮ɣ޷ħ֮ӡ޽޷߱ɱ𡢲ΨҶ𡣡ħͷ£ϴַĶĤУһصħַַ֮ϣŲӡ޽޷֮ϢҪһС
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ħͷŭһ޾Ԫ·𶼱ַȫΨ֮ħ֮Ҫ죬һ̵ַħͷ
ħӡɱ
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ħͷ쳤Хħɽڷһʯɽ϶䡣
ʱַ͵һָһ˿Լƣޱȡ
ղ֮ħ澭·ԼƣһɿµħңӦָ֣ղǻصһ
ŷħɽڵĲַ˹ѹħͷƴӣңΪľǴ˿̣ħͷʹûŹħˣ˽Уֻħħͷħȫһģħޱǿܹ˲ղħͷָֹԽԽǿңֱ޷Լħͷħ֣֮ǻһơ
Ϊ˱ˣվΪħͷ˼¡
ܣַ˸ңʩչһӰԶȥͣ


0835 ħ
¡¡ֲ֮ط·ڷ嫵ɽһ̷ڵϣЩеķݶҳշУðޱȡ
첻ϣسһµѷ죬ĵ㣬Ҫɽȸݻٵ
µǣǹħƣֱգŰ˷ɽȣ˲Ϣ㱻ɿµĺڰ֣Ϊ֮ɫ䣬ңµħƻš
ʱɽ֮⣬ӰػǣǶˣ˵ַ̤ɽȵֵַֻɽȵΧṳ̂жҲ˾ȺһЩ졣
ʱͻȻ̧ͷ漴ħգޱ߿ֲϢǵ΢΢
ô£Ƿʲô
ϢǴɽдġ
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һɽԳɿգԣɽӵһޱ߾޴ķħʯʯµķħɽѹһħͷ
վǴԣû֪澿ʲôֻ֪һأȥȻ˿̣ƺ봫غϣħ·Ҫ춼ѹ壬һü𾪵޷˵
ѵԱΪ棬ǱѹɽȵеľħͷҪƷ
¡һɿµıأضɽҡɽȶڲսɽ֮ȺҲܹĸܵڷݡ
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ȺҪѹһûħ۵ǸܵǻصħȺ²õиħͷˡ
ħۡħۣ
ɽȷԲ֮صȺ𺳵Ĺ֮ſڵϣħۣɽȵķ򣬾ħͷƿ˷ӡ
ǵĿⶼɽȵķȥֻһڵӰյУ£ΪƣܵħƻһɺХϺХ·ǿֲޱȵ쫷籩һһֱϾȥ
ֻħӰŲһ磬ֱӳյ쫷ȥǿµħ֮쫷統У漴쫷зľֽıպϣħӰ·һ˲Խʱգ׵ʧ
ħư࣬ıϡ裬ȻƮһƬյУǣ·Զʧһ
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ħͷ뿪֮ǰַоһĿ⣬һĿͷ·ɱˣӲ׵ʪ͸ħۡħͷֵܵģҪɱ´˿̵Ѿ˲֪ٴΡ
Ҳħֻǽϣɱɱһϣʧݣֻħվǽֲ֮ˡǺԭħ۲ɱַ㲻ֻ֪֪˿ţܺõĻš
ңŵõһһңһħջ񲻿νᡣ
ķħɽڣַĽŲɿĳɽ˸ȥ
Ƭ֮ħ۱ѹ֮أ˿Ǿ޴ķħɽѾըѣɽ޴ķħʯҲѾѳɿ飬ղǿµıը÷ɢɽȵУַҲòħʯǿħ۵ĺѣضҪѣħʯȻˣȴûлΪĩֻޱȾ޴ʯһʯͺڱѹķħʯһ
һַƻӶʱϵһħʯץУħʯˣܱȴĹ⻪Ǳѵģ·Լ޸ַ𾪵ǣħʯ֮ϣԼһ֣⣬ɿµ·նɣУ̺ŷӡѹ
ħʯؼͨʯҲ޸Զշ֣ǿޱȵķӡ֮
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֮ϣһſᣬȴǾӨ͸Ǻڰ֮ɫħ֮Ϣ
ǿ߱չ־ǿ󣬿ɵ־֮壬ʱ֮
ħڴ˵رӡѹǧأҲζڴ˵ǧأǧ֮ħԺǿңħȻҲܵ־֮֮߰ģħħᡣ
ţͨŷ֮ʱᣬħȻҲħᡣ
ħ֮ħʿԣرַ˸һâһ磬ֱӽħУϵħȻҲȫС
ˣһɹɿµϢ͸ħ֮Ϣַ˼ħʯСһĿ⳯ΧȥͫһֻһȺɫ޳ΧħƿȥħħᣬЩŵϢٶȴʲôûУȻˡ
ַ㰵һЩʯ޷ݻ٣ϻ͸ϢȻȼ̫ߣ޾ʱ֮ͿַǵĿ£ӵл߹סǹɿµ֮޵ɣܹɽȵ
һ˵ĻΪǿܶ࣬ҲһȻǹʴ
ˡˣԵ쫷紵ϣַоԼҪϢǻ֮дַüͷţޱӴ֮Ӱȥ
ÿµѻޣַͫһӦѻղʱȻûг֣ҲԷͲмΪһϣ׾پͿɱ


0836 Ǭ粨
ַĽŲ͵һ磬ⲽңչַ˻һܵӰӣޱң֮ϡ
ˣһȺѻ޽նַѹȹȥһſµ֮޷ѳȥ
ַĳ֣͵ĳյһʱֲĻ֮Ŷ֮ɢµĹѹȺǺɢ
ַź嫵ʹϣͻһ·漴ٶȻ࣬ʧַȴһӰӣңչ£ĳɽȵΧȥ
ˡˡ
𣡡
һµ֮һַʶɽȵĿ£ͷӴޱȵޣ϶͸޷ֿ֮޻δоԼеڿή·Ҫһ
ħժħᣬʱֱһڽһħУʱһɿµַʣַоԼ嶼Ҫըһ͸Ĳħ⡣
ǡꡭĹϲţַԺһƬ͸ſµ⣬ǹ֮Ҳ޷ʴ壬·ܲĸˣ˺һħ񣬲ħ𣬻͸޾
䣡ַ죬øӵĿˣȻЩµ޸죬ǵǿַħᣬǷַȥ
ħᣬħȥɡâ˸ַг͵˦˳ȥϻźɫħᡣ
Щ޿һĻˣ˫ĶħԼϵħᣬһ
תе޶·ַˣ˹ȥ˲䱬ҵĴս
϶ַ˸һӰٵԶ뿪յһӰӡ
ܿ죬ַɽȵıԵ֮أ죬ɽ֮ϳȥɽȡ
ţɽ֮вǶǿߣɽȽĶ֮˿ɽħͷƿȥʱжɽǿҵĿ֮⣬Ҫ̽һɽ浽ʲôƿ뿪ħۣǷʲô
˿ǶڵȣȶǿһȻŵǿδȵȴַ㡣
ַ㣬ɽȵУȻû˳ɽȵ
㾹Ȼû
ǿɱţ͸żĮЦݣַ̤ȥһϿлرҲΪ˲űס
ɱһ֮ˣֱ̽צʱһɿַ֮ץȥ֮Ӱ֣·Ҫַ˺ѡ
ַȻһȭһȭĮžħơ
䣡һµײ֮֮ӰɢַǿµȭͷֱӺ˶Էϣ촫̼䣬ޱȿµԷһж
ַɱԷ֮ûа谭˸һ뿪ң쵽˼顣
˻ûзӦַ㣬һȭֱӺɱǿߣ
ôַȭͷô¡
ȵʶ׷ʱȴַӰѾӰ٣ǿµĲң쵽˼飬ת˲˾ûˡ
׷׷ŭ漴һɿµ֮٣ǻһعͷͿһͷͷµ޴ɽȵ·ҡϣǵǰһͷͷ޵Ϣµ£ӶǣǸоԼҪˣϢš
һµ֮Щ޵³ǣ˲佫ǵ֣ǵʼήʼήܿ죬嵱¶ɫ֮
ӡ뵽ܣԶȥȻ֮ɲǣû߼Ÿɾʬ˵ϡˡ
ЩµޣһĿⶢԶҪɽȵĽޣȻȴƺη壬Խ׳һûκ޸̤ɽȣ·ܵʲôһ
Щ޶ɽȵʱλʵֲĴǳΪΪޣƺƬɽȣ׼κ̤Уһħ۷ӡɽǵ˾ѾעԶ뿪ɽȰ벽һ뿪ǾͻΪĳ϶ԣǸͲ飬ֻɽȵܹõ㡣
ɽȵħƿӡƿȥϢ£Ǭǿ߷׷׳ɽȵķ
ħۡɽȵУȻķӡһµħۣʧ𺳵ģڶؾҪ𾪣ϾؾֻǴеĻĹɽȣȴĳħۡ
ǱӡɽȵеħۣǷɽȵʲôһΣǸŵĵӣеǿһˣɽȵķȥ
һΣǬͷҪһΣ̤ɽȵУһ
ͬʱһڸ·ںǰؾˣȫʧˣһûлȥǽؾغؾˣˣø𾪡
ϢǰؾˣȻ˻صѩɽøһЩ뷨
ַرϢ򱻶ģʱȥҪɱַ㣬һַõرϢ©Ƕ͸ѶرˣûκһŹǶ޷²⵽رǷַ֡
رĸǿܲģ߻Ϊ֮˵֮˺һرǰû˻֪ǷһЩӵ֮ˣصǿٸУҲһֵܹõرĿջ
ǬйĿ磬νַйأȻ˿̵ַ㣬ȴǬһɽУʱıչҪͻƣ֮ӵ˶ǿֶΣһ䣬ʵܹԾ


0837 
ǬɽȵУս춯أһǬۣɱɽȣڵ֣ʯ쾪ɽȶ㱻
Щ͸֮ޣĵǿߵĹһǿߵĹ̫ˣǬϰɱɽȵУ˲ʹĴۣ˵ɽȵɥ˺ѣᱻʴϾ
սҲǺ䶯ģǬ򱻳ΪصɽȣһǬǿ߰γˣɽȽ֮ڣɱɽе֮ǿ̤ɽ
ȻһƵսˣЩǿ߹ɽȣȴ˲̰Ұģɽȵ򣬷һЩǿʥƣ̺ſµͨɽȵУУħʯħƿնȥ޴ķħɽڱѣħʯ
Щħʯһ֮ʱħ۶ѹѳС飬̺ſµܣѹһߵϣӵпµķӡѹͨս屦
Ⱥս֮ʱյУƲ㷭ŭɫ䡣
һɿµѹ·Ҫ߶ѹȵſǿޱߡ
Ⱥսݣսͬһʱֹͣ˽Զ̧ͷգο
ÿµܡһ¶֮ɫյзƲ㣬췭ظ·һµĿռгǣռУƺ޾ңԶ֮ء
䣡һѹڲ֮ϣһ˱ÿѪ߶ſ岻ͣĲĿĶ֮ϡ
ܣǺҪֹͣѵħȥ
ڣз籩ķ籩۴һ׳ޱȣӵд֮˲Ĥ֮⡣
ÿµǿߡȺβͣĲȴûпֻǵĮɨһƿķħɽڵĵط
漴ĿɨȺһۣһۣȺһսսҺͶԷֱӡ
µķ籩зŭХ֮ϵƲ㷭ʧµط籩Ҳֹ֮ͣȺģȴþ޷ƽϢ
ղǵӰǴۼǿߣܾܿѹħ۵ĿֲڣӡƿſԽһۡ
ۣǾȻ˴ۣȺǷ籩УǴͨգԷͲǬ֮Խħ۷ӡѹǬ򣬿ΪǬ֮ʵƫ֮ѹɽȵУûܹ̤ɽȡ
ȴǧַ֮ĵƽƾʹ뵽ɽƪ֮תħΪħãħ۽ִַ֣֮һ˿÷ӡѺۣħ۲лƷȥ
ħƷ뿪û˶ǧ꣬Ԫˣ֪ӡ˲ŹȻֳ󶯾Ҫָ۷Ϊ

ʱһɽֶУħƣַϥȫǿµԪϢħ֮ͬ˸ͣ͸һɿµ⡣
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ħŶ֮ȥʶŭХ˺һȻȴʼ޷һʶ޷
䣡ħ֮Ԫ͵ȥȫַϣµϢĹƽ侳۷壬·һ޷ƿַ֪Լڿƿ
Ψ˺һֹˮȫȫ룬Ҫһ̣һжûκεǣңûκ룬ܹڣ֮
ַ㣬ÿγ֮ʱҪƿһбϣĴûκε룬׿һУȻÿһԼ޷׿һУд룬޷׿ǣδˡ
顢Ҷĸ˵Ӱÿθ֣޷׵׿һУ޷֮
վַ³漴һɽ˼Ÿǰδ
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ַǰأȻرȵʹ̤ɽȻ̫߳ܣ˵Ҳ֮ϵı
ϾڵΪЩǿ߶Ի̫СһλǿϵıǶԽǳΣա
أϣ㲻Ҫʧһ֮ɫȥ֮أΨˣĻ׷ɱΣա
ڶǬǰ޷⡣
˸ַ㳯صķԽȥ
أããѩϵĴӿ䣬ޱ޾һƬѩף͸˿˿⡣
أɺǰһң˴ûǰɽȡ
գͷѩӥ˻صѩɽЩˣõһЩǾĪϧˣرǿصߵַ֪㣬Ȼ࣬ӣڶ϶Ըַ㡣
Ȼַ㣬ȴص뿪ԼȺ
ȵ˻ص֮Ϣؾ֮⣬ˣȫʧˣʧң˼ʬ塣
ٺϢ˵ַ׷ɱģһ·ɱ붫󱻶׷ɱģ
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֮֮ףأѾгΪʸ֮ĵƣ˵۾ڶأһΪ˶رһΪַ㡣
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0838 ַ
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˵ѩ请壬ЩŻˣʵСǿˣʸҲ˦ַ㣬ܹȵģǶصĵӣƲʸַ㡣
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ʱԶƿ֮ѩ̧ͷǷȥֻѩƮ·һӰããѩ˸
ӰٶȼĿ죬쵽۾޷׽ңڣ·ͥŲȴֿ쵽˼顣
ѩɫһӰܿ㵽ǰĿ⾶ֱԻһ磬ѩѩϣѩҲڿǵס
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ߴѩ嵱У壬Ψһһ֮ûйѩ壬请˥ܣʵ֮ˣԸѡѩУԸ请壬请壬۹ͽǱĵӣļأֲ请壬ıȥ
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ַ㣬ˣɻѱ请壬ѡӪɱ֮˵鶶Щ˱Χ诵⡣ߵַߣַš
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0839 ȫ
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ɱͬţַ㣬ôĵӣ׼лɡ
ɱ֮ͽȻһصء
۸ϣЩ˶ߺҪַɱַ㡣
УַĿ⳯Ͷȥ漴̧Ųӹл߳Ŀ⻷Ⱥ
ַ㣬֪һַָָ㣬Ŀ˵͸֮⣬·ַ㵱ﷸӡ
ַ㿴ָָˣƽӦһ
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0841 һ
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״ӣ츳ȻΪǰ请ʦͱַϵΪ请ߣҲǲģƫƫַ㣬ûпǺֱӰϵ
һҪɱ㡣һŭз³Ʈ请幬ǰȻ˿ѾԶԶû֮ʱһȰҲûİԵ֮Ժţһûõķ
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䣡µӡڻ֮ϣ˲佫涼סû涼С࣬ȻǻһУеĿ»棬ɻڣûʧ

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ߣȺһҪˣ²ô򵥽ˡ
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ѩ˵Ⱦѩף请幬УһӰӰƽȻ̤֮ʱѩ·ܷȴڵء
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Ҳ˵ˣԭΪ请֮ˣ壬请ԣǷΪ棬ѵλΪһԣܱ请֮ԸʵԣַЦ˵
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ӣߵ˵Ҳ飬ߴѩĵӣһһ̳пܳΪĻŶߡ
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ַ΢΢ͷ漴ֶλߵͷλʦ壬ؾ֮Уȷʵַ请֮ɱȣַ˲ŭǡ
ֻ˵һ䣬΢΢Ƿǹ˸Ӱ˲ʧ·֮УϢ
ɣһͣ񼫣Ҫ˥֮ַĿ⿴Űɣһʱ΢΢ַ㣬ɱ
ߣɱ⣡һŭȣɱţһ촫һɼĻȼն𣬽ɵ嶼ٻ٣˵Ķһ请ĵַ㣬Ե
ǰкҪ̵ָ𣿡ַĿٶȿߣȴԷɫÿ漴ԩ㣬㽫֮˺ɽҵΪ£νͣ
ַ㶷ߣַڴȥΧ£ǰδַ㵭Įʵʱƿԣ请Χ๬ֹǺɽô򵥡
ڷǰΪһ£ǰΪ֮ˣҲǷδʹһΧΪ󲻾ҪǰɱȭʱĿãַΪ侳Ϊֻȭǰ侳ӷϵǰΪһ˽ԹͽҪַ޻˵
ַԴǣ˵ĴȻ裬һҪɱң֮ȭϵΪʦΪ˽
ȺҲһȻ˿ַ㽫ȫƲ壬·ûаΣȫ֮˵ĴЩˣҲǰ
ܺãȻ壬ҹ̵ܽӲϣȻϾɱ岻ٵӣ壬֮ˣһҪȥ졣߳ĬƬ̣ٶȿڣҪַߡ
ȡ裬к˵壬ҼأŽһģΪ۹֮֮ǬȻΪ֮ߣǷǲ֣ʧӰ˼Σ㣬Σˡ
ַ㲻²𣬵޲͸ŶԼ


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ҡַЦʦΪͽ٣һŻǿűҲʢص۹յСȱǬһ֮ʣЩΪƹ֮˵Ϊ֮һУΪ۹ʹһģ۹ǿʢ˥
壬Ϊ߷֮䣬쵼֮ˣȻӵдǣӣҲиεйĦΣ֮ʱԸһ𹲻ѣһУΪأΨһЩѬ֮Ⱥ̤ؾΪһ˽ֶҪıҪɱҵȣصأұף֮ˣԭ򡣡
ַ㻺˵ɫԽԽÿˣʦΪͽ٣ַ֮ӣϲ㣬塣
װ׵Ļ˶ܹףѩ֮˰ַ㵨ӹ󣬲֪»ݱ䡣
ߵĿ⻺תûٿַ㣬ѩϡ
ҲˣĿ𳤣һҪȥϼգ请ɷģҲẦֻһЩ𱰡
ѩߵҡҡͷȻݳôһĻʲôģ·˽֪ôַȥ塣
请𣿡΢
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ַɱӲһȺ߿ΪȷʵԻᴦǣԸҹ̣ܽҲ⣬请ӣɻҪߡ̬ǿӲϧԼµӣ请Ҳʲô
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Ҫ请һìΪ请һĺڡ߳˵请ȺһĿ̣请Լ请ìܣ
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ˣ˳ڵأַԼϵѪҺʱɫò԰࣬ûѪɫ
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رģߣΪ̰ҲòһЩ
賤һЩѵ㲻֪ʦصЦһԵмſ֮⣬ȻĻ䣬̼䣬һɿµĽ֮⽫ռ䶼֣һ̣·ؼȫǿޱȵĽϢ
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˭ɫ΢΢һ䣬ĽƬռ䶼һƬ֮򣬷·ʱܻ޾ĽŶ


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ģ·ʹ̷ϡ
ŭһһը졣
գһâգ̤ڽ֮ϣ˲ϢȺϷ֮ϣ¶͸ſ½·һʣޱȷһͷڵӳ֮ʹ
ӣʲô˼߿ˣɫ䣬Ŀȴмּɵ֮⣬˵请һ˭ɵǽˣңڽϵ裬ƺֱøֲˡ
ˣǸ۲۵ķӣһǹǿĽޣʵ̬请ߵУʵǿλʦֶ
请ˣдҲֲ̣ܽˣҪҰǹܽһ߰գĿ罣ЩһսսÿֲʵһͷǸоν֮ʹ
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ĿˣЦ֮˲Χ请ǣҪ请ڵĵӴߣڣ˵ĿˣЦΪʲô֪йأµӵдˣᣬֻøɳ壬Ѭģ죬ҾһĿˣƾʲô
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罣ΧǳſµĽ֮ѹ޾·ҪƬռ仯Ľ
ˣȺ΢΢һ请彣ӣȻֱӶ߳ˣɵĿһУ诣򽣴ģߣҲҪ
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͡͡һµ֮һѹü֮һ貵Ĺ⻪ޱҫۣһ貵üĵɱ磬˲ϢüĴɱȥ·һ֮Ҫ˲ĨɱΡ
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Ŀ峺ޱȷ񣬽Ųһ磬յѹ貵âѹһУ޾Ľȫߡ
һҽ֮Ⱥֻ۾ǿסȫѪҺѪĿֲ
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˵Ķԣһ˰ɣ򣬽ˣͶ请塣һĮյУ·һɻȼգһӰ֣Ȼһˣߡ
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̫ļԿ治ã֪˭ǵĳĬΪ请衣߻Ե˿̵龰Ͳǰȫ淴˹֮ǰȺһţ诣请ַ֣㣬壬һ̬ȣ请һ̬ȣ


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ºܾ请λ߶ûһ𲢼սɣλߣȴһ̵Ϊһŭ֣߶ˣҪ˶
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Ϊ׵ӣȻӣһվһ꣬Ϣû˺䣬ͬϢ׳һǼĲ
λߡȺֵļ΢΢ǳˣľԺԼ״壬δܿܳΪһӵ츳ᣬѾ侳һ࣬Ϊֱؾ˵Ѿؾ۷壬Ѿ侳ǿһսˡ
֣ôˣ㻹ô꣬вԣҲΪ룬δйģ请λʦܣαض˴ŭ˺Ƶᣬ·˵һ΢飬ɡ
Ϊ룬ΧĴΪ룬ǾϲҪ请ַ㵽ȥͣ
ЦԷĶĤС
˵ĵɡûʣҪַȥ壬ַϵܣ˿ȴΪΪ룬ֱ˵Ǻա
ЩҪᣬ㶼ûˣ请ͬΪһ͵ЭҲͷˣַһδͷһǴǰһðɣ޷ĵ£һǰ
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һһҷƨˣҪ请ˣְɡ³һµĽٶȸ֣յУ·ȫ޾ö֣ɲΪ请һԼһ³ԹģΪս˵Ϊ֮һУΪصǿ󣬴˴Σҿǰ壬ʦ
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һĿĮӣ˵Ŀġ
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ӼԵ请λߵɫԽԽǷ·ܹƲ⵽ӻ˵ʲôҪַ㽫ｻ
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ȷص磬ȻҲҪأ߱˵죬ַҪٵǿߵϮɱأҪҪķѶܻ˶
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ӻ˵һԵַɫղ˵ɫӵĻǶĶˣ߷ˣΪ


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յУԡǳ⻪еĿ˸漴˵ͷҪ֮־Ϊ䣬ҲܶרУҪ֮־ߴһϣһ־ɲ֮һ
ӣҪ֮־ϣͬ⣬Ȼ֮ǰ֮£ҪǸǳ֮е˻˵
΢΢ͷ˿û⣬ǰһ请λԼַ΢΢ǷλʦܣΪ֮ȴйҴλǸַ㣬رöõıȻΪؿǣұҪ֮־ϴ£ϣ⡣
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΢΢ͷ漴Ǻãߴ壬ǵ־ص־ڣϰɡ
˵գ˻˻֣ʱյУ߿ǳ߿ǳ͸Űɫ⻪ҫĿԱ֮Уֱصߴѩ塣
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ѩĿ˸漴Уһ֮ɫ
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ѩߵĻƿԣɴҪ㣬ԴַͬڿˡƣΪء
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ѩ߻ȺĶĤУ·һѪЩ꣬ԸоȼյĻ档
գǶַˣ֮ңǽر־飬صϣú֮˺ģصԽԽֱһΪһЩѬĵСˣֻ֮ȴΪصš
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ˡһҫԼĸ߹ص־𣿡
Ҵ֮־λһڡѩ߻˵â˸Уһ貵ǳʯޱҫۣǳʯϵǳʯ
ѩóǳʯɲǣӵĿ˲ߵͫףҲȻһյһֱƽˮˣ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ߺͻͫһ漴ѩߵ˼Цҡͷ
请ķӣֹһ߶ŽӵЦһʦ֣ҲҪһأ


0847 
Ŀ˸Լʦ֣ͬ֡
Щ߶ǳʯĺ壬请壬ζʲô
˿请幬֮⣬Ѿ请ӣ֮ˣҲ侳ǿߣǿЩ¶֮ʱƺй请һأʯͷѵǡ
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ַͫһǰʯͷƺ֮ˣʯͷǳӡ
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ʯʯĿһԵЩȻĿĶַǰǿʯом⶯ƺ̰
ߴѩ壬崫жѲɿ֤һµʵٳʢȱصǿʢ֮⣬ÿһ壬ҲԼĴбǿ
请Ĵбһʯͷ请嶦ʢ֮ʱõӵпµͨߴѩΪصĴбкεȵܣ嶼޷˽ֻʯĴߣ֪ʯͨ
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졣ѩ߱ĿɨһӣĵʯһΪһ֮ĴߣԵϣԽʯսɣһ֮Ҽ㱳ҲҪ忪ս
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ߣһĿ⿴еˣȻ˿ĿƽֻעѩߣҲûп档
ʯ洫ģһĴУҲûʸȥ棬Ƕ治
شô֮꣬ˣδ˵һ䴫ʥڴ߲Ϊ֮ʱͽģڽһĴ߶ˣⱻĨɱʯʧ٣һǧˡӶѩ
ҿһʷкβɡѩĮӦ
ַ㣬ӽտʼҽʯеУӴ֮ΪһĴ֮ˣҲ˵请䣬ҪǡѩĿٶַ㣬˵
ǰҡַоܴ㵣֮ôܵһĴС
ö˵ˣʦ˵츳˽ԣң츳ԣҲ޿ޣַ㣬㣬Ϊһҫѩ߻˵ַоͷȣһ֮Ŷ˵򵥣ҪҪ¶ľġ
ѩߣǽһˣС
请壬ҵ츳ʦܣҲǽӣȻʦȥ֮ʱûнʯʦܣǽңΪʦĶΪΪçײұ࣬Ҳ֪ʯУֻǱʦҪģΪʯҵһʺĴߣַ㣬ֵʱұѾǹˣʱѵҽ֮ʱ򡣡
ѩߵ˼֣ʦ˵һҪϣʦ⣬һЩͨţɳ󣬾Ͳһһˡ
ַ㣬Ѿ⿪ʯϵѪʯϣѪҺҲԣһĴаɡ
ѩٶȱַĿֻоΪأȻվվָƣʶ˳
ʯϵǳ֮øӵ貶ĿѪ뵽ʯУŴУܿ죬ַоԼʯ䣬һϵʯ͸һ֮Ϣ·ӵһ
У
ȺĿⶼжһ֮Ǿ֤һĴУ񣬽侳ַ㣬ϣһĳ϶ԣѾһ䣡


0848 ս
һȺһĿ⸴ӣȺеһλŮӣѩĿ˸а̾
类ΪʥŮʵ֮˶ףֻһĴѡ֮һпܳΪһĴߣԴַ˼һ츳ѾԵôͻˣַ㡢ʸǺֵľĪϧԼǣûһ츳򵥡
ʱѾַһֱصĻһĴߣֲȻû뵽ǣһô罫߶ûи˾ĻᣬֱӽַΪһδ֮䣬ʥʯַ㡣
ĪϧһŲǰַõУȵͬʱҲ¶һĨЦ⣬ͽоɣЩҪַ㱦ʱѩߣַΪһߣַݣȫһδ䣬ӵһʥ壬ٶˡ
һЩϲҪҲҹ
ѩ߿ַܴУҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬·ظ㡣
Ŀתѩ߿ǿߣĿڵַΪһĴߣӵʥ请δ䣬лᾺΪص䣬Ϊߴռ֮һ־һ־ӵ֮ûʸ
ԭõһĴʥζַΪ请ĴߣͬʱҲζΪռ֮һѩеõǸѩʥλռ֮ˣ䡣
ַижѩ߽ԼΪһߣν࣬ԼһݣûʸݣжԸʱ򣬻Ҫߴռ֮һ
һлҪ˵Ŀ䣬û뵽ѩ߾Ȼôʧȥ˶߱Ĵûᡣ
̧ͷӵĿ⿴յеˣʦ֣صռߵĶᣬ˵Ĳʣ请ΪѾغһˣǣأַ棬ΪصĴ֮һҲܿһԸʶ䣬Ϊ
˼۹ⲻУѡĴǲ£Ըʶ䣬ᶪصѩĿӣһȻԸ
ûһҪַ㶨ΪߴռҲԣȣҪѩĿ飬õǵϿɣַ㣬ʸ֮ʱԳԼصһӣ֮һ
ӿ˵ɲҪ¡
Цһᴫ֮˵ʱѵҲ忼һѩ߷˵
һأյУǳ֮ɣõٶȿˣʵΪοַ㡣
ߴѩ壬Ѿ˴ѡ壬ַ㣬ΪһĴߣҪΪصĴ֮һȻܱЩСҽ飬ߴѩλڴˣַ㣬սˣɿַ츳ΣʲôʸΪռѡ
ӽ
ôԺַһսһ请⣬ѩݶĴߣλ䣬ټϲǰҲ֮ѩ壬ֻһѩĴַ֮֮սǿߡһ۷֮ˣ̫Ц𣡡
ȻһֱӶλߣӵش֮ʸȻҪй֤֮ҵĻһеϷӦ÷˵Ըʹ˷Ź
ڵַ㡣߱ôսҺս
ʦֿѹΪǱһؾַսֻҪַܹ崫֧һʱ䣬ұϿַĴʸ񣬷ұΪ请Ϊ˱ˣϷ
ûȥὣߵƣ
ңַõһĴʥһӶԣʥһʱ䶼޷ʲôʸõС
ֱǺ֮ˣô档ѩߵɫѿû뵽޳ܣҪǿսַϣѩĴѡûһߣ츳ǼǿַƾΪԸˣ˶ѹ侳һأҲܡ
˵ַʥǼթ˭֪һʥʯأ߲һֻǴеõƤëַŸյõʯܷӳʲô
ȻһַûģѵУֻǱַĽڶѣ䳰ȷҪַ㡣
һʱ䣬ͬս
ʱһĴȺһ˵֮ˣȻַ㡣
ַ㣬ͬսܿ飬ǿߣһ۷֮ս
ܺãҿˣͨ飬ܹһʱ䣬ԳĴУҲһӿڣ޷ͨ飬ǣҪʦ⴫ǷıС
ַ㣡ѩĿ⿴ַ㣬ַ嶯ˣѾˣһҪҵһͻƿڣֻҪ请岻ɿڣӲκλᣬû뵽ַ㾹ȻӦнڿ˵ˡ
ѪҺѻԣϱһõʥﴫУػ֮ٹ⣬ûлôеʸ񣬽Ϊѹ侳һأԸܿ顣
ַһץټʯץסһǣ漴Ȼĳһңʱ¡һ촫ݣַУĿĹΪһߵĿ飬һĵһս


0849 ѹ
ѩ߿ַŵİȻ֮ǲɵ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȼͬ⣬Ǳ㣬սɣ
յУ˵˵ͷȻַԸսǱ׼ðɣͻƵ֮ȹΪμӲ˴˴ζַĿ飬Ĵ֮˺ַɣ
û¶һĨЦ⣬˾˰ɣλ侳ǿߣѹΪ侳һأҲַֿܵģټһַΪ൱۷֮ˣַ֧һʱ䡣
壬˴ο¹ش󣬹ϵһδҪ㾡ȫַ֣֧ζʸ֧һܣǵһ
ӶĴ֮˵ƺżִ壬Ϊ诶ǡ
һ㾡ȫ΢΢ͷĿ͸ŷâ
ͬʱķĴ֮ҲȺ˳һϢȻȻɣվǱ·һ֮У·һ壬ɽ֮Ϊá
ԼѹԼΪʹó侳һصʵ˶˵·˶΢΢ͷַΧסĿƽ
ǵȻȫԸһսϵһͬϵǸҫ󴫳߶޷ѹΪ侳ַһ⴫֮Ե˵ˡ
ʼɡ˿˵һӣյгõһ㣬ڻȼţַ㣬ֻҪ֧һʱˡ
ʦܣСˡһ漴㿴崫ֱӳַĳһƣһѹſռ䣬ֲ֮Űַȥַһɴ·ڵķƬռ䶼ѹҹҪһ
һɽ֮
Ҳˣ̽Եĺһƣʱ˷޾ѹȳַȥַϢĸо·ԼҪշѹ顣
ַŲһʱӰǿµѹȿռ䵱ÿһǼܹѹǿʢ֮أ磬˶һƬյӰӣ׽ң֮䡣
ֻһ˲䣬ַѳλǿߵĹΧ쵽ĿϾӣ˶ûпô¡
ţԼĿѩ֮ϣַղƯĵطһǳǳĽӡͺûһЩַ̤Ľӡ·ܹһͼһ۱ܹоȻҲֻЩһۿ͸ע⣬һۣҲʲô
λߵҲͬѸַͣ˸˲ȫһǿ־ϢŶյУֲͬ־ѹַϡ
ᣡ
һͺһʱ̣ѩҪַڵĿռסһɺ֮ĳַȥ
ַ̤·ڱ貽˿Ĳ̤գÿһޱȣЩǿĹȴûаǱһĸо
ǣңŵңĿһַ㣬ңһΪ۷壬ңʹõ裬Ī⡢鶯·֮ߡ
ѹַ̹ȻӦսˣԭңд裬һؾУ˲ٻ°ȻңŵĲ֮ضˡ
뵽ַңǳңţǳңԶңڣڵеطңž
ˣ
ַֻܿȻ٣ĳһȻȥʱյз·һƬµĽγɣֲĽ־ģϵķŭХ֮
ַǰķΨһһλ侳۷֮ˡ
Ŀһͣһɿµ־ϷͷŶַѹȹȥַĿƽ͵ĳһƣµѹſռ䣬·һװ㣬
һе־շѹ÷飬ַĿܹ֮ģ¡¡ĿֲѹڶԷ֮ʱֻоͣµѹ޷Ϣ
ַ㣬ôǿ˳̶ȣֻǵѹ͸һɻѹ֮оĲһֻƣһµĸɽ
䣡
ֲ֮˵ֱӱַһķ˳ȥݺݵײһЩȺϣʱһˣ˳սȦʣˡ
ַ㽫˺ɵʱ˵Ĺˣַ̤գλ֮裬Ӷݣȴ磬аǱ֮⡣
ɶ񣡡˰һ׷׾ַ׷ɱȥַĲ̫ˣǽΪѹ侳һأö侳صȻ޷׷ַ㣬תۼ䣬õһѾչһ롣
ѵֻ𣬼ֱǶ请ʲôʸõСַ½Ƕ޷׽ҲǱһ˶ַһ磬ַȥ
ַĿȻתӰȻޱȷĹâ
ûʸҵҪʲôʸΪһĴѡַЦȻתӶݣŲһ磬ʱ˷·һΡ֮ɽϿշѹԣǿʲô̶ȡ
ˣյеַһ£ʱַֻ֮оݣַƷ·ָ޷壬͸ޱȿµѹ֮
Ȼǿߣַһƣܹ
¡ռ͵һ˷ֲĿռѹ𣬷·Хŭ𣬴졣
ӡַŭһֲ·ѩɽѣݣ¿պȥָľ͸˿˿֮⡣
ûħַ֮һʲôӡֻǲ֪ôֲѡ
䣡
ؼ͵Ĳ£漴ͿַײӰһʸֱӲ£屻ᵽѩУΣһַһѹ
ÿµսʥȺַ㣬ͷȻַ֪ʲôսʥûãֻǴĿֲѣ


0850 
꣬Ĵ֮ˣûжַκεĽȸУȴ˱˳ȥ
ʱַյУΧ·ŭХĿⶢ¿յӰûң˸
˭Ҫûʸ񡣡ַĿⶢˣ͸һϰԵ֮·˭һĸղŵķ񣬲ûӴܣֱλ䴫ߡ
˶ΪַղǿֲһƶͣĿⶢַ㣬¶֮ɫþַ㣬Ǻ͸ղһΪƾ㹻ַѹȴԼˣַһƣѹΪ֮˺浱УַԼȴգ˿
ӡɡһĿ͸ޱǿҵս⣬Ʈ죬Ųһ̤գʱطһ죬һɺɽĸоַһַоԵĲһˣһΡĸɽ
ˣ
˽Ųһ磬ȺֻоݺݵĲ£΢΢𶯣һεںŴء
ַĿǳ̤Ӱͬ͸ޱȿµս֮⣬˿̶ԷУͺһ޷壬Ҫһжɽѡ
ˣ˽Ųٶ͵һ磬˲Ϣַֻ֮ңֻҪһɵһȺ֮⣬Ǵյľ޷塣
޷ӡŭһ˫ƺ֮䣬·һµɽ壬ߴＸףƣַɱȥ·Ҫַշѹɷĩ
Ȼ켫Ʒͨ޷ӡÿµַӡǿҲ޷޷ӡɡȺа˵⴫ѹΪͨڣһؾҪʹó˿µľ޷ӡֲģһַˡ
ӡַŭһȻ壬Ȼֱǿ߷Ŀֲ޷ӡ˫ǿµľ޷ȥ
䡭
һµĺ¡֮ȺĶĤ죬ط·ڶҡռһɿԵӿš
Ⱥַֻ屻˳ȥͷ΢΢˿ַûнסǿʹþ޷ӡֵܹҲֲ̫ˡ
һ޷ӡ£ַ˲ɡ
Ȼܿ죬ǾͷһַֻŲһ磬ٶȷɻأĿⶢŶԷĮĵɡ
һȺַ𣬲ɵ㶣һ
Ǵ֮ҲסˣĶַ㣬Ųһ磬·а㣬ٶȷ˵Ĳ֮Ʈ޷ӡ֣һκַ㣬ռͺХݡ
䣡ַһƺǾ޴ɽ֮ϣ¡¡죬ûеɽţַŲٿ磬һըȺĶĤ˸о˫Ҫʧϡ
䡢䣬ӡַһµշѹ£޷ӡ۵ɽ嶼ѵըǿƺһ³һѪ
ַŲһ磬ңѸޱȣޱȿµӡ˲ǰͫ͵һë
ȺĿọַ̈̄ƣµһ£ԷԴҪ
ȥɡµûкȥַ̧һŽԷߵ棬漴Ŀ⿴ʣˡ
ʱһѾ룬ɴյУλ֮ˣѾ˰Уսȥ
˶оЩ㵣¶ŵɫѩĴ֮Χַ㣬ȻѹΪɻ侳һأַ㣬ȴֻ䣬ǻҪһַ֮ʧȥսƺ˵Ԥϡ
ˣַмһ
¡Ⱥַֻһʣ˿ȥǵҲ̲ס΢΢£һأַ㲻Ӷݣ֣ѹ
޾Ľ֮ϢصĽ־ǿƬնΪãָռս
ȥַŭһռл۵⳯һ˴ɱȥغХȫռˡ
һٶ죬˲ϢܿȻ˿޾ĽâһޱȾ޴͸ſµķϢһ˴ɱȥ
صĽ־侳֮˵ųޱȿµġ
ֱһӣʱǰ·ˮ֮ܣˮ֮ϣ͵죬漴ˮ֮ѣ޽
ˣ侳һصΪѹƵ㡣˽⿪Լʵѹƣʱ͸һɿµĺϢΧһж⣬һǰ֣ˮ֮ܣ˷޽ɲϳǰˮ֮ܣֱԷ͵ĺһƣͣ£ɢ
˼ѳһѹƲַ㣬һָΪѹƣϿַʵˣټս˻Լλá
ȺҲϿĻƾ侳һصʵַܹѹסؽ־ǿӡѹһУң׽͸ַսǶַûа취
Ĵ֮ˣֻʣһˣ壬ûܡ
ʱȺѾϣˣ⿪ΪȫԸַ㣬ֲһҪܡ
ַ㣬𺳵ʵ请һ̳ӵгԽκһѩ崫ߵ츳һˡ
һĴʥȻ£ַ̳ʯ˿ֲҲò¹ʵ壬һпµĴʥҲ·磬ţַ㹫ƽһս
ʱֿˣֻгһɫĻ⣬˦˹ȥ˲佫֮ץסһɫһĴʥ塣
请ȺĿһλߣɫѿԽԽˣȻ˵ַʯڵʵҽӵ־еһʥ彻ʹã˵ʲôƽһսս䣬⹫ƽ
ذô꣬Ȼ棡ѩɫĮϣְַܹɣ


0851 귭ҳ
彫Уʱ¶һĨЦ⣬ղſַµսѹΪ治˵Լսʤַ㣬±⼸˺òȥ˿̣ӵĴʥַذɡ
ַĮĿɨһۣ漴Ų͵һ磬ң˲併ٵǰֱֲӳĳѹȿռ䣬˵졣
ЦһԪ֮ӿһصע뵽嵱У漴͵Ľһʱһַֻо͵һ漴͸оһɿµѹҪĻס
µϵַԺַʶôлȫػԼĻʶȻ·͸һħϵĺ־ѹĻǣֻҪĸо
Ʈַ磬˫ֽס˲䲻֪˵˶ԶȻֲһĴʥ
ѹ˵Ļǣס壬֮ȥһĻ嶨סһĶĤУȻӷģ˿ܴ
ӵĻһ漴Ȼһ壬ʱųһ貵Ľɫ⣬ַķȥ죬ϵľȺȫס˶䣬ֱǣǸоԳܡ
䣡
ַԺǺݺݵһǲлһ̱飬ͬʱǻʶҲѺۣԴһʹ
ϣһĿĽɫ֮⼫ǿңԽԽ죬һɫĹ⻪·ַ嶼סˡ
壬ǣɽ˵Ҳסû˻ǣˣǱѹסˣûˣж
ַӿһµŭ棬ֻһʱһɿµķӡѹţַֻУһʯʯ֮ϣһصķ֣ȻǷħʯ
ѹַŭһħʯ¡һ죬ֻħʯٵţһޱȾ޴ʯȥǾ޴ķ֮ϣµѹ·Ŀֲࡣ
ͬӵѹ֮ͨħʯϹǿޱȾ޴ķħʯħܹӡѹǿȻֻһ飬Ҳ塣
һֿµֻ֮ħʯ͸ŵǿѹҪ嶼ѹ
ͬʱַУ¡¡ľ޴촫Լ֣һɽʯĸɽ𺳡
Ϊֻһӵд֮ַĮЦŲǰ̼䣬ط·𶼰˿ַУһ޴ΰɽ壬ɽ壬ʯ
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屻ħʯסʧȥ̣˿̸ܵʯɽĿѹսɽ壬Ὣɱġ
䣡ɽѹ۾ڱΣ˺ڰС
һɿµϢţԪӿ嫶ǿһ̵Ȼ⿪˶Ϊѹƣָ侳۷Ϊ
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ŭһ˫һµӡʯȥµÿռһɽԼҲصϣţ
ַһЦٶȰɽ壬͵ĳ¿ѹȹȥֲɽ壬ѹ¡
䣡ֲѪѪҺӿ
ȺĿⶼһ壬ָΪһҪַѹƣһȻǸѹѩ߻Ὣһ˽ӵ츳ȷʵ¡
䡢䡢䣡
ʯľ޷岻ϵĴ壬ܿȫѪ˱浱Уͷ֪˶ٸ
һʱ䣬ܿҪˡ
壡һɹͻȻֻ徹Ȼͻ˷ħʯַϿգ˲ţһ޴Ľ壬ɢſµ߲֮⣬һַסһɹɿµַ㣬ַĻǺݺݵս£вٲл걻Ĩ
һоǱסҲʹòǿ
޳ܣŭţ죬ŲҪȥȻѾַѹƵúƢˣ϶ӵ־С
ٵȵȡѩ߽ߵ赲סýĿһվûпѩߵȻẦַ㡣
ɣַֻоһɿµϵĺԼĻǣ궼¶·ҪѰ㡣
ŭ𣬳գȻȴѹܿήȥͬţɱѹơ
ʯɾ޷廯һʯͷصַߣһʯ֮ţַоȻصΪ
·һʯͷһܹͨȻذһּĸо֣ΧһжܹܵؼһϢܹоļܹо嫵ѩ嵱Уһڻš
ƺ˺һƺַڰ֮ʱ״̬ȴƺǸܹܵǳ켣Ĵ֣ƽǰ޷
壡
ɣַҲԺв֮ϣɢŶĿ߲֮⣬ԽԽ財
Ƿ꣬յһҳ·һƼ¶ÿһ¶һҳͷ·ɳ˼֡
ڣһ·Զ貵߲֮ҫޱȣһҳ꣬ķ


0852 ַͻ ߶ŭ
궯ˣصַ꣬㶼֪Ӻζÿһķϲ𺳡
һη֮ʱַӵǿԣڰ״̬֮£ĸйޱԹ似˲֪Ҫ٣ڶηԼϰϲԽΪ굱Уһֲĺڰ֮ǻ֮ɱ֮
귭ֵһڤڰ֮Ŀ£ܹĿֲ
߲̫֮ãֱ˿̣ǣ¶꣬һηˡ
͵ַޱڴܹһǿͨʱַ㷢֣һη꣬ģȻһƬڰһƬ磬ʲôûУڰ磬͸Żߡ͸ţκε档
ô£ַһƬڰĿռ䣬ܹʲô
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ʯһص͸ػʶػĻǡ
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Ųһ磬ڿգַɱȥһɿµϢţ·Ҫַ
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ʯַͫһ϶ʯղһƺʱǹĸоӵǿˣʱʯУһصϢ͸ϡ
ţʱַһĸо¶·оһɵϢ·ܹ꣬ʯɽ굱С
һʱĸоԽԽǿңʯеȻıɵ֮ϣǷһҳ飬ߵ統УͻȻĹصĹ
䣡ںַĻǣȻʯͷŵ·֯һ֧ɿµĹϵ
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ʯ̺ΰ
ַͷһĴʥȻǿˣΧĿռ䶼ճ֣֮ϣһоԼѾ뵽ƬյУ·ԼƬȻһ֣ʶأˮ齻ڡ
˿̵ַѩߵĻʯһĴʥ֤һʢ˥ܣʹǿ͸ʯİأһǳʯ̺صĵ
Ȼַ꣬㾹Ȼʯֳصһ棬Ƭعյ굱УַоԼΪƬصߡ
䣬ʱ򡣡
ַһʱ˺Ƴ׵뵽ΧյУǷ·ڣƬزң˺һһУƬصһ֣˿ûκεĸ顢ûκεǣҡ
֮Уؽ֯˺һڣַʶ˿̱üİ·ڷɱ䡣
˺һ꽻ڣʶɱ䣬ʶʶվյеַпʯվǣȴޣ·Ͳһ
ΧյУµԪĺХУϵӿ뵽ַ嵱УΧԪ·𶼱ǼȡԪĿֲиκεƣԪʹΧӶᡣ
ͻơַ㣬ͻƣڿ֮
Ⱥͷ󺧣ַ㣬Կֲʵˣ˿̣ڳܹʱͻƣҪ䡣
յвַ㣬ȻҪʱ䡣
壡ϵĲѩ߳ƮŭţַҪ䣬ϻ쵰Ȼ˻ỹҪ֡
Ųһ磬ѩ˲ǰֲ˳壬ֱһۣȻֽС
󵨣һĴʥҲҶŭһЦĲ幵ͨһ𣬿µѩ߹ȥ
ӣҲԸ¶ˣΪҲ಻ɡѩЦʱһɿµһƬµѩУӵĻǺݺһ·ɫ˲ò԰ס
ôܣӲģѩߵôôֲ


0853 ӡһ
ǿ帨ԨĹĿֲ֮ͬ˵赲
ȻѩߵΪȻֱӻµıѩ嶼һ棬ܴ
ƣһһµĽ壬յȥ
꣡
촫ֻ߳ǰֱֲӻޱȷƽ壬ͬʱյУһµ֮նɱ£յգҫ۶ĿһƬռ䶼·Ҫݻ١
ΪһĴʥʯǷϵʦ乥ңǿ̫࣬壬һסĮ³һգȺˣһɱ֮
⽣ӱͷ񣬼ӾȻַͻ֮ʱҪ֣ʱ׵ķŭˣһУһնɱ
ŭХһһ˳ΧȺɳȥָյץȥʱϳһ֧µľ޴ӰҪնɱµľ޽ֱӿס
ƣ޽ųɹ⻪µĽ·ҪƬռ䶼촫ǿֲָӰֱӱնѵݻһУն¡
ɫѿٶȺյгһӰȫǿµӡռ䲻Ϻ¡죬һ಻ӡնһɿµУһжУΧȺ޷ܣԶԶ˱ܿ
Ӱλŭ֣һǶûȫȥսĻΧȫҪꡣ
һУѾԿߵķŭԼģٶ᲻ϧһս
ѩߺͻҲȺǰͬʱ弸λ߶ڿգĿ˫ж͸Įŭ·ʱܿս
ס֡
յУһĿҲ΢һ˿ŭ⣬ɨ˫Ⱥʱ˫
ߴѩ壬ͬΪһ£˽죬ǲҪԼԼʹ˺ŭ˵ԵüĲá
ʦ֣һ̫崫ʥ壬⽫һںεءĮ˵ѩߣ廹
֮壬Ҫӡһ꣬һֱˣ壬ûбҪٻˡѩĮ͸Ų֮⣬ȺһͣѩߣȻҪһĴʥӡһ꣬
ӵɫ׵ĺ䣬յе˵ʦ֣Ҳˣ请壬ҪƻһŽᡣ
һϹ޳Įһӣ˵һ޳ܡ
ʦ֣Ƿֱ۶ϣһΪأѾ͸ˣΪһ˵Сֶһ֮ˣͻʱҪ֣Ѿƹһ
ѩߵȻĮܹƽһΣˣղӵΪѾĵߡ
˿˫һĵ壬请ƹһꡣ
ƽĻ˵ͷ£Ĵʥ壬һƹһ꣬ˣҲվߣ֮£˭óô£ӣˡ
Ⱥһͷӵɫѿ
¡Į³һѩߵЦһ˸ػַߡ
ʱַѾ֮״̬ңڽڣʶɱ䣬ˣ·뵽Ƭա
޾Ԫӿ뵽ڣϣԡһʥ֮⣬صһ֡
̤䣬һɱ䡣
һЩʱ̣ǿֲԪڽƽվգ˷·ַܹܵɱ䣬ʵɱ䡣
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ͻˣڴ˱ϣ֮
ҪлˣԼĻ귭صʯӡ굱УƬأ·굱г֣ô֮
ˣֱӰæ귭ҳ䣡
ȻûʯΰԼһҳأҪ»Ҫһʱ
ͻˡѩߵ˵¶һĨЦ⣬ַ㣬ڳĹ֮ʱ֮ܿɹ
ĵ˿˿Ҳ¶Цݣַ䣬еΣѾȫˣ˶վ请һߣĴʥ嶼ӡѩ߱һʱ䣬صˣٻᶯַˡ
ңַ㻹ΣõһĴУֵôʥʯ֮νַøһλԵȻΪַеˡ
ַ㣬ëȻسŵ⿪ӡԸ㣬ڣҷǿһĴжôķ
ʸƺΨ²ңַһǻڵϵĿһͣɫѿ
һĴߣȴ裬ַǰԵһĲֵûκ츳ԣԷ侳۷ʱܹѹ䣬ַ㽫ӵĿ¡
󺦳棬㶮ҡַһЦĿת¿յϣҪúáһһš
ղŽ䣬֮״̬ʲôܣƺʲô֪أڿַָ֮ղŷһкԺһߣôе飬֪
˵ıɣֽ⿪Ϊѹƶ֣ӵúáһͶԲˣ


0854 Ű
ַ㽫ħʯջأ漴ĿֿˣĿڵһʱѹλ飬ټؾʱȷʵõһЩֶͨΣŽܹ
ַĻ˵һһﵹǻ˵Ը󴫳ǶˣȻ˵ؾеõֶͨΣԲʵܹмڴߵʵС
Ǹ崫ߵӣҲǸӡ
أϾһ壬Žһ£صǿʢΪ请һĴ֮ˣ̫ΪĿˡ
λǸĴߣսһҲԸ⿪ʵѹƶԸңػַ㾴壬ԺлᣬȻλſ̣ͬԽԽǿʢ
ַ˵˶ԷӣǼ˶Щ̫˼ǿ˵Ĺ涨ѹƵΪȻ⿪ѹƶԸַ㣬ַ˵ػһҲоĻڰܵʱΪʲô⿪ѹأʱǶַҲû˶С
请λ߶һۣĿж¶һĨЦݣַ˿侲Ĵ˴ηǸеο˵жо֮ɫһ˵һһַ㣬츳Ҫǿˣʵַ֪ˡ
ʱַĻһתĿתϡ
ÿһܻһЩ࣬Ҳ֪Ƿǳ̵޳ܣŵѹΪսҲŽܿ飬ȻսȴֽΪѹ֮Ϊְͬأе衣
ַת䣬͸żĮ֮⣬˵ļԣһ޳˫ֵĹϵѲ޸ַҲ޸ԸˣҪݺݵѹƣûĻᡣ
ԼһȺоϻģ͸ų֮⣬Ȼַ˵ľʵӵȷһЩ֮£Ʊ綼֪α⡣
ȻôսҾͳȫ㣬ڣû壬ҲʯΪһĴߣΪ请һߣǹƽһսңΪ绹ǱҸߣˣռ
ַĮ˵һս
Ŀ˸˼ַսղַ㻹δ䣬ΪѾˣҪѹͻַ㣬䵽ɱ䣬ǲ֪ǿʲôز壬ûսʤַģս϶ַܸ㡣
ȻַĻûоܾɣַ˵崫ߣַһΪҪַߣʲôܾԸսǲԸսǸղһֱַսʲô˼
һʱ徹Щƿԣ֪˵ʲôźá
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ʯ֮Ͽһ֣·̺һصղʯ嶼ѹֵסˡ
ħʯ޳ܡϵʯ³һ
죬ⲻѧǶѣǵ޳ܣַԶˡ߶Ц¶һĨϷ֮⣬ַǴҪɷء
ܵǹɿµѹʱɫ΢Щ԰ףħʯܹѹıַ˻յУĸоһɿµѹѹɫ˲԰
ղַ㣬ַԷħʯѹ
ȥַһԪӡڷħʯ֮ϣֻǷħʯϵķֹ⻪貣¡¡ľ޴¿յѹȹȥħʯޱȾ޴󣬽۾ڱΣյУ˶һɿµѹס
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â˸ַŲң磬˲䵽˷ħʯ֮ϡ
嵹ַȻĻӳһƣڷħʯ֮ϣ䣬ַǿһƺÿռʯֱѹȥ
ѹ·巢һҽ֮ħʯȥѹղűַһʯ֮ϣ´˿̺ܲҰɡ
ܼǿַ㿴ħʯɱţЦݸ䣬ڿգ漴ٶѹȶ£˫źݺݵڷħʯ֮ϣޱȿµѹ£һĲҽ¡һ죬ħʯ˵֮ϣõѾѹȥˡ
ñҡȺаһ򲻵ѣһ㲻ᵽȥսʱڵ̫ԿˣһͿϮɱڵص׵ʱҲ֪ʲôʱᱻ
ַЦħʯܵص䶯˲ͽλˣ¶һĨЦ
գҪⱰɵһѹ
һɿµĻַŶ漫Ŀ£·հĿҫۣ˿
һַܵĳطص׵䶯ʱһĴ޾ĻֱƬصУ̼ɿµĻ˿һƬ棬Ҫռض
ص״һĲҽ֮漴һӰһеĳ𣬴˿ӰԵüǱͷսϵҲ˽֮ɫ
ԭ㻹óַЦһ˲䵽ǰޱǿĿֲĴϣĹͷ֪˶ٸ˱ַһķ˳ȥӵķȥ


0855 µʹ
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鿴ƣȫˣҪָѣָˣ츳Ҳǰ˵ַһǽδϵˡ
请Ĵ֮ˣ֮ͬԿ˲̣áܺáӽ彻ˣĿĮĶַ㣬͸һɺ
Ƥ湻ģһͻ֮ʱҪ͵Ϯˣ˿̾Ȼ̸֮ͬ꣬ԸͬŵֶΣǼʶˡַһɨһǷϵһĴ̫ˣһֶαӣãҰǷˣԺǰ档
ܺãϣԺҪ֮档˵һ漴̧ͷ˵ʦ֣һĿˣ̫ǷϵһĴ֮ˣҴʥ˶ĿãҲˡ
˵գӶȺȥ
˳ĬԣһжȻأ
ȺĿⶼַϣΪпصһֳһٸһЩʱ䣬»ᳬԽĴ֮ˡ
ңַѾȷΪһĴߣδһ䣬Ҳߴռ֮һڽĳԽĴߣлʶ֮λһΪµ塣
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Ⱥܴ裬²ôưոݰɡ
߷壬һУͬΪ㣬ǲҪԼʹĿ⻷Ⱥ˵͸ż֮⡣
漴ȺֻƻӶ絶㣬ͷϵһƷնϣʱѩ֮յУƮȺͫף͵һ
أδй֮ʱгһĻ֮˷ڡ˻˵ȽԼϡ
ԺҲٿ·ӽַһĴߣַʲô죬֮ҪԸַ㣬ǶҪҪ˽ɱǵ˫ۣߣǵʹʲô
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ˣɢȥɡ˻˻֣Ųһ磬̤ǳ֮⣬˲ʧյС
Ҳ׷ɢȥ뿪塣
ܿ죬ѩ֮ϣֻʣ请Ⱥ
ѩַǰ˵ַ㣬֮£Ѿ˺ƤĻϲ⣬֮࣬»㲻ԺҪСķ
סַ˵ͷӣȷǸࡣ
ʦΪβʹӣǻ쵰һ̵Ŀ罣͸źâԵ÷ǳ졣
һ֮˵ܶģʦѩ˵һҲ
Ľַ֣ѾǳˣдŸм֮飬λߵ±㲻Ρ
վأ㣬ĻҪϵıûѡ
ַ㣬ɵĲǰǼһһ١ַߵĪϧǰֻʸһЦȻǳ˳ۡ
ǰĻ¾ԼһˡƷЦ˵ûʸԴ
ַ㣬һΪ츳Ҳ࣬ҪʸЦ£ߵļ˶һȻһȻС򡯣ڲŷ֡
ˣǼ˴δؾо޴ջַ֮ǰǶ޷ַҲúúñչһʱգΪһ㣬ȡͻ֮ѩ߿Щ꣬¶һƴɫַļѣ츳ǷһעȫµĻ
Ҵ˴Ƕõ챦Ϊȫ侳ؾأúָһлտ䡣
ٺ٣ףַ㶼ͻˣҵ츳һ㣬Ҳ̫󡣡ʸЦҲ¶Ц⣬ǵȷҪúþһ
ַ㣬䣬Ҫһ磬ȥϤ֮ǰкβ֮ͬѩֶַ˵һַ΢΢ͷ֮ؽӹ죬ˮ齻ڣ·ܹ֮⣬ȷҪúһ
ȵΪȹ֮󣬱ǰѩ¹ԼڷһˣѾ䣬ǿŮӴӦǰȥӭ
ѩ߽Īϧǰͬһѩ请һξ룬ͬʱԼƬɽĪϧǣΪһص˲ţδΪһĶַسɾһҵ
ַ㣬һѩѩǿͨѩ嶼գ˴ŵַ㡣
ѩ֮ϵһƬռ䣬ͷѩӥ漴Ӱٵѩߵ󣬵
ӽ쿪ʼ请֮ҲȥˣҸµʹػߣֱԽǡѩ߻˵
ѩӥ˵ͷס
ѩ߻عͷѩӥһۣЦԴʦڵʱǱ请ˣͷҲûʲôãԺµĻ
˵գѩߵӰƮȻȥͷѩӥգֱߴλػѩ壬˴


0856 ѩ
أһյѩ֮ϣΧһƬ֮أ
˿̣ããıУһϵǳ֮·𶼱ãҫϣԵüƮȻ
һѩ֮ϣλ˲ްϢţͨһȻյеĺ֮ȴ޷ӰǷֺ
츳ǿΪ˴ϻۣȴûма֮ģԺӦܽ㣬崫ʢʱһλ˿ԶӰ˵
ҲôģΪأύеУڿһһﵹȻֱӽʯҲò㣬áһߵķ˿ȱһЩȻصˡ
վŵߣ请һ䣬ѩߡ
áеãʯͷҲӲˣڽ֮иַ㣬δһõʱȵַɳͷҲԺúõϢˣΪһļ̳жġ
ѩߵЦԵøѡ
ǰͲҪװˣ˵ҵĶ֣ôһˣʯѩĴʥﶼҪأһôΪûдΪһţǲǸøͷһʲôΪˡ
˱ĵĿѩߣ䣬Ҳʦ请һѩʦǿˡ
˵ʦ˭Ҳ˭ԷǿĶ֣ȻҲõѣѩߣҲǺˣһǱ˭Ҫ˽⣬ǳĵ͵
Ҫˣֻ뿴Щ󱲳ɳִأǵǰ;ޣº׷ľˡѩĿȻ¶ʯַ֮ʱǹɳĺ֮⡣
˭׷Ǹ߸ϵĻ֮磬Ȼ츳ⶫһľ磬ͻо
̧ͷңԶգ֪㲢ûзҲҪǵʦһҵһļ̳֮ˣȻԼж¼ȥƴһأ׷ңľ硣
ѩ£漴¶һ˿Цݣˣ㲻ҲǵʦҲ湻ݵģһ֮նһУǴδϵҲ֪ôˣû׷ľ硣
һնϣǣңܹ׷ȵһɳǱҲȴһаɡȻ˵ֺγЩ̵ǳɳʦ𣬵Ķ֪
ȴ֮ǰǷӦȽһѩߵһ⣬ӵΪѾ˵ߡ
һЩΣǸˣҲһЩᣬһУȥɣǵĹǳɳļ֤˵Ŀ͸ǣ·𶴴һС
Щͨĵӣ¸ϵߴʤЩվظߴˣôԶ

ʱתۼһѩ֮Уַϥһ޴ѩԣϣĸ侳
ʱַԼϵĽɹ̬֮л껯Ľɫ⻪ڹԣҫ۶Ŀ
ħ֮Դ֮ԽԽι̣ʵԽԽٲǰǰõʶʵ֮黯ʵɹء
֮ǿǼֵǣһͻ֮˸ӵͨҲ޷Ϊǲǿᡣ
ַһĻǱͱͨҪǿ࣬˲лҲǼιǿ󣬲ʵӣҪԸˣֱԽԷĨɱԷ
ȵ޷ӵøǿʱַͣһĹӴԺз˳ʶĿ͸һ
˿ַտ䲻ñܹӣһᾪ츳̫
ת貵Ĺ⻪漴ַüģصԺУǡ
ַֽʯȡʯһĴʥտʱѾᣬԼͻƵʱԼĺһƾӳ˿µȵͻ֮Ҳĸоˡ
סʯַ΢֣߲֮ҡϣǷһҳǿնģһƬŵĿռ䣬Ȼַָһ·ǿն統йճʯͷһΰʹַԺиƬռ仭棬ֵ֮굱С
һ̵ַ㣬ҵĸоܹͨ꣬ܵΧʵռڷѩеĲ֮·ܹܣռ桢صţһеһУôȻޱ
ʱȫ뵽״̬УһƾͺԼƬռȻɶģĶַеվϸϸϸϸĸȻ
ڴʱַƻ̧⶯Ȼһġ
¡
ַƺһը죬һɿµĻӡԶµַǰĿռͣӿ·ûֹӡѾʧֲڲͣķ
ÿ¡ַ㿴Լƣͷ𺳣ʯȻ棬ӵһΰԼͨ
ңַԼûȫʯãһĴʥһдʡ
û̫⣬Ȼַ֪֮Լֻ̤Ҫһѣ滹̫սҪϵĳߵľ磬ֱһճΪߣʱһǿߣ
ȻַΪһͨĹȣѩ£Գưˣ


0857 
鷭صµͨȻԽʯеΰӡ뵽Ļ߿ռ䵱УȻʯԣôأ
ַƺ뵽ʲôԼһ
뵽ٶϥʯǰȴһħʯ
ӳʯΰħʯǲҲԡ
뵽ַ㽫Ʒڷħʯϣ漴΢һ֮ٶȳ֣
Ժе꣬ߵĿռ䣬Ĺâӷħʯ֮ϣһıɽ굱С
ԡַĿһǳ𺳣ȻĿԣҲζţ귭Ļ߿ռ䣬ܹκαӵе굱ӳֳ
̫ͨˡ
ߵ磬Ϊħʯе룬˿˿͸ĹīɫУһ޴ķ֮켣ĳͣϵţУ͸ǿѹħ֮
߿ռ䵱еķ֣˵һһյĹ켣أǳַǰַ·ܹ͸һ˿صķ֮ˡ
˿̵ַ㣬ܹ֮ܵһֵĹ켣ƺҲܹ㲻÷ħʯ
굱вãַ͵һĳǰĳʱһɷӡѹţַ¶һĨЦ⣬Ȼħʯ굱г֣ȥΰȻó
ַָⷭ꣬һľϲ̫ˣҲ֪Ϊλ赽ϣΪ츳
ģ࣬ʹܲҲ굱гַ֡ͻȻ뵽㣬ʱ£һ治ڣ޷굱֣һƬš
űԼַ࣬Ŀ˸
棬Ѻǿ棬ǿ⣬кܶڵȥھ򣬺嫵ĹУܻûı
˰ţͨʵ·ϣڵʯǽŵģ治ǿյģֻ޷򿪶ѡ
ַƵʱ⹬ȻѺǿߣȴܽȥЩ˿Ǻܶ඼ʵҪ¡
ַҲЩ˾Ǵ׵ĸ򣬵ȵԼʵˣȥʵ棬һʰ
ܹһܹͨռͨͺˣЩ˾ͲĨɱŵԼū˷ѵַһ뷨Ѻôǿߣɱˣʵ̫ϧˡ
е£漴ַ㽫͵ĳŵȥϵҡ
˿̵ʹУһŭ֮·𹬵Ҫݣ˲ϵķţʱʱ
ַ㡣
ַ㣬һҪɱ㡣
һŭĺڹлص޷ѣЩ˻ᶼҪˣȻصУȥ޷ȥҪʲôãֻһͷʵųȥ
Ȼַǻ쵰ǰĻᣬÿһʱͻһùǸ޷ûзˣҪ˵Ϊˡ
ȥԼȻȴûκεİ취ѺڹУûˣܹӵʱŶˡ

תۼʱȥصһѩ֮ϣмһƷ壬һˣһϢ纣ɲ⡣
ˣȻĴһ䣬λ䡣
λʦֵܣ请ֿʼص۹յӣͼǿҰĲһҲԽԽĿˣַ㣬ҲˣŸո̤˵ſĿһУҵϵ壬ȵԺɳ⻹˵á
һӰ˵ԭˣȻһӣˣҲһ䡣
ÿһʱգǱϲһƷ۵Уֻ߷裬ʱҲ̸һ֮Լ󱲵ĵӡ
һΣǰһӾûнյ£
̸̸塣˶ЦԣҲӿڣշһУ˭κϵУýԽԽ롣
ʱԶһӰҡǰһ
£ҡһۣʵ
˳£漴ҡֱʶĻҡվ漴ЦλʦʧƬ̣ȥȥء
˵գҡͬղһ뿪ˡ
һĻˣѩ壬Ҳ½ǰǺߣǶһ仰뿪˵Ҫ£ܿء
ѩ֮ϣȻʣһˣɫ˲Ҳֻĵȴҡصҡ֮ϣӽһˣһѩӥ
к𣿡ҡѩӥֱʵ
ҡҼǰһƷѩӥ˵漴ǰһöָݸҡһ䡣
ҡЩ棬ʶ̽봢ָУ̼䣬ͫ͵£̧ͷĿѩӥ֮һš
ҡתһߴѩ֦ͬÿһλصĶص֧ǿزǿʢѩӥĿڣĻҡɫʱ¶һĨЦݡ
һظ⣬ˣģأԽԽʢǿġҡЦ˵
ãұˡѩӥҡ΢΢Ƿ漴ȥ
ȵѩӥ뿪֮ҡĿ˸һ˸˲Ű츳ǿĿҲԶ
ͬһĻҲص壬Ψ壬ų⣡


0858 
ѩϵãȴٳٲ˻ܲãѵλϷˣɣ
ֵȴһЩʱ̣Щ͵վŲһ磬žҡȥǰҡ·ϣȻ请ѩӥиһ˿
ʦôˣҡ΢΢һЦĵ
ʦһ㲻ӰǷʲô鵢ˡ
ȷʵЩ飬ұ㲻ȥƷˣʦĪ֡ҡǸЦ
ҲǿʦˣֻҸղźʦ˵飬֪ʦοֵ
£
Щãȴûб¶ֵһҰĲ说ַĿһ֮¡
ʦˣȻ请һЩĦѹͬΪһαؼƽϣַˣҿ츳ףǸѵõ˲ţܽһǿʢǿʵγһ¡
ҡҡͷЦһɫҲ΢£Ƭ̣漴ȻʦΪȸˡ
˵գӻתնȥ
ʦߡҡĺһֻƬ̣ʧҡ壬־ֱ֮ϡ
ʦ֡ӿĺһ˵⣬ѯһ̬ȣȴɫ˲õĵʦܣ˴һαҲˣһڮһѵԼʹǿʢ۹ǿʢǹĶǣҿһȻҵ츳ַΪߣ£ʦܹ׿˽ģΪؿǡ
ֱӱѵһ٣ʱɫѿһӣתǣ
˵գӰ˸ٶʧǰȨ壬һΣȨ˶δֻһȨĵתȨûпϾ
ʱӵĳ׵׷ʲô飿
·;ѩӥѵλ뿪壬Ϊǣ
벻ףȴֱĸоҡ⡢⻹Ȩλƽϵãһᵽַ㣬ȴַ˵ޱƣֱӽѵȨɴ಻
ʱ请һѩ֮ϣַվѩۣ֮ããѩɽһϮɫƮӰԴɪ֮⣬ȴиһֲ֮С
һӰɳȥѩӥˣĬĬվַ档
鶼𣿡ַعѩӥʵ
ˣλ⡣ѩӥӦ˵ַ˵ͷǰǽ˳֮⣬㲻飬ظ֮ûʲôӴֻһΪػŽһģ̸⡣
˴ΣַѩӥڷȥһЩõ־֮Ͱ֮ϣλǿǿʢ飬˵Ϊ˽ֻԶΪأһڷܻܾǶһΪأΪβ£εУҲַһ˿øС
ʲô˵õرóǿģ˶Ǳ䣻̺֮壬߲дã־֮ǿ߶Ǳַ飬νǳأλҲЩַ㡣
Χ请壬ٶַϵıЩ⶯ȻַᣬڵձܺܺõĴ£⣬κһ嶼һݴǰӣƺȫûнյϣΪ˴֮ȷʵѵá
ߡַŲһ磬ڿգնС
˿̵ַ㣬ֻоƮȻë䣬շвҪԪֱӽһͷɰյС
ָоķ衣
ַ˾ĪϧԼѩ壬λ߶ַѩɨһַۣϢԲйڣһ˿Ʈ֮⣬ɵðͷһڶ̶ʱձ㽫Ϊȹ̵̶ֳȣ츳
ʦôˣַ㿴һԶɽѩϥڲͬļӰһ
λĿһ漴һЦһǸĿˡ
ַһδ䣬һǻƺΪǰǵȷơ
ǳĪϧԿʼϣ󺦳ĵΪҲȹ侳۷壬ٸʱ䣬һԳ䣬Ǵ󺦳һȻЩ츳ȷʵѵãǣңһҲܺ;Īϧһ˭ȵ䣬ĵƺҪһЩҪѭ򽥽
ڷΪҲȹ侳أȻľ͵ģȥǳι̣ʵĪϧҪһֻҪһҲ䷢
ѩ׵ĵ˵ӣַоǳеĪϧȴͣȻӵв꣬ۺʵ츳ǿ󣬱ÿһ棬ǳȣ󺦳Ǻͷԣ٣Էǳʺĵ츳ҲŮ±ȽأƷյĦԽ̫ѩ£Ҳֳ츳Ϊʵȹ̣شƣԽսҲٶԲʤʵսǿ
ʦҪ뿪Ǭһˣȥѩ¹ַͻȻڣѩ߳£漴ѩ¹Ǭ·;ңԶҪСĵ㣬ڸڶ㣬ǧ
סַɽºַطأЩϢסһЩĵûô׻Ź綫
ԼصĻҲҽ£ǰѩɽҪˣǳĻ˭Ҳܲ𣬶¡


0859 ѩ
ַ请һЩö漴̤ããѩɽķȥ
ΪѾȹ侳һأûѩһˣһζħŻħ֮뿪ѩ£¸ĸ˻ڵԼɡ
ˡˡӿһͷͷѩӥַӿ˲ϢٵַǰΡ
ѩӥַ㺰һһȥɡ
ַ£漴˵ͷҲãڰС
ѩӥ˵ͷһ𣬷УַһĨʱ˻һ΢Щ̬֮ͬʱϵϢҲ΢΢ıЩ޷ϳ
ص۹Увٵ֮ڶַ㣬粽С
ʵҲַԤϵ̤ããѩɽأص۹Уов޵עŴˣܶߣǸˣһ۾ڶַ㣬˵ϵ챦
ַͷһ˿⣬ʦԼټҲ࣬Ļһ߳أ¾ҪЩ˸ס
ַȴûб¶κεͺһͨصӰ㣬ڵ۹ţ̬֮ûаĲûնУĻԵЩע⡣
ڳйһƥѩԴڵ۹Ķǳ۳ңһ·ϵҲûʲôֱص۹ĶǣããϷٵıڡ
յУмӰ˸ٶȼĿ죬Ϊ֮ˣϢȻɣ·ཻڣ͸һɲϢ侳ı֡
վסһĴַ֮µѩԳ˻һֱͣ
ַѩԣ̬¶һ˿֮⣬յӰλǰʲôָ𣿡
ɫַһ۱ɨ˵ΪΪһ˵Ϊ侳أ侳۷塣
ǴİɡΪ֮Įɨַһۡ
ǡַ˵ͷʶ俪Űɢȥ֪ԶǷ˹
ûˣԲ֮أֻǰ˸˳ǡ
ַ㣬ǷأԷַϣĿһ࣬ʵ
ڡַҡҡͷ
˼Įıʵ
ַĽŲ΢΢ˣöԷĿԽԽϳǰƽĺȵ˵
ַ㣬һ䣬ַŲѾ׼õӺϮ֮˲öԷսĵֵ
ɱʱַȻˣɱţֱӷԷüĵУâţֲ죬˲佫ԷĻɱ
ջ˵建ĳ·׹ȥ侳֮˿һĻսֹ
ַ㣬˾ַ㣡
ַȻʹ˲ĨɱصǿߣҲ̫ˡ
ķˣַ˱ʵ
ûַĻתӶݣ˵ַܷŹ
ɱַŲһ磬ңѸͣ˲׷һˣֱ֮ĳʱ˵廯棬зգת˲仯ޡ
׷һˣַ̽ƣĲӿסǿöԷûа취ַǰ侳۷֮˾һ
˵ַͫ·һҪ굱Уʶñ
죡Է³֣漴죬ַĿһ䣬Ӷ˲佫ɱ
壬ǵǺżַЦʹȱбǵõģϧħǱʲõһиҡ
˵˭Ҫץַ㣬ҪľͶ
תַһѻǿߵҲٻ٣漴粽뿪գյƣѾ˵۳ǣø·ˡ

ݳǣ֪֮˶٣ݳѾѩ¹ΪµĶǣ߶ڽֵеȺǳ֮࣬侳ǿ洦ɼҲǰ㣬һѵõǿߡ
յһսڱȺ̣ݳǣַļˡ
̫ˣһս֮ǰѩ֮˸֮嫵ѩ£Ҳ֪Ķ˻Ϊ伶ĴڣȻһսյĴһֺȻҲ䣬жģȺ̫𺳡
ĺͶ޵ˣԼһֲǿߣַ֮գҪַһȫ𣬾ȺΪַһ˵ʱַӻѩѩ磬ĽΪеŮҲ˺Ϊޣ򸴺
ϧ㻯Ϊɣ޷赲Щֲǿߣֱַջһŭ֮£ħֳħ£˻ԼѩµľնɱֲǿߣȻǹħ֮ˡ
ֻǿϧһ콾ַ㣬Ϊ˺նħٲҲϧԶߵַѾɱߣɡ
ÿ֮£ɶ̲ס̾Ϣһһ콾ַ㣬ɳôĿ£Ӣţ콾ħ
˴Σѩ¹ݳǳ֮⣬һӰնУݿݣǷֻѾȥյۣÿһżͣ˫·²ɣжαװַ㡣
ѩ¹ز֪ңԶѾûбҪˡ
ĿһԼļ磬һϤϢݳǱշ࣬ǽ죬ַУûʲôǣַص壬ǳǳصڡ
ݳǣһˡַһŲһ磬ݳжȥ


0860 ַ
վס
ַҪ̤ŵʱһӰڿն𣬾Ȼַ
ʳصأ÷п롣һϯѪףΪ侳ؾ磬ӦǺѪˣĻҲܲϵַ㡣
˿̵ͷţȻһᣬվյУ͸һɲĸоƲԪգƾܹоõǰĿ꣬Ϊǿ󣬿һ־ܽ
ΪѪһԱѪһվģҪѪѪҫݳѩ¹ĻʳǣǾַյĹ磬˭̤룬κ˶
ַ㵱ȻֶԷͷһ˿Ц⣬ȴǳһ㲻ҵĶ֣һ־ܽɱÿɡ
˵֮ʱַƣһɿµԪϷֲϢ֮С
Ȼ²һ˺ǿʵͳ춼Ҫֲܶࡣ
ݳǣַ֮˿Դӿ̤Ҫȥ̤ҵʬ塣֮Ŀͣ͸һ֮⣬ַ㣬ݳǵΪݳˣַ¼ɳģºַַ̫࣬ˣʮѾݳ
ַ
΢΢һַа̾û뵽ĸȻԼⲻ֪Ϊ
һħ׿һ뿪֪ˣʲôʸΪ𡣡ַ૵һ
Ȼһ仰ȴ͸һǿҵ⣬ˣȻѩµľ
Ϊ仰ʵǿҲҪ֡³һŲһ磬ǹɱһǹԵͣԪ֮ʶſռ䡣
ַ΢΢һЦ漴֣ǹС
ȴֳǹ˿ȫҲܽǹֺ
ĿһĨɫַ֮㣬˵ʵÿֲ
ַ΢΢£һɿµƵĻڣеĳǹ͵ѵת˲㱻ԷץУɫɵѿ
裬óѪһԱȻ衣
㿴ˣһǹӦ̳ġַĿ¶һ˿΢Ц漴ǹ£ƴɱ
ǹ֮·͸һɿµ⣬ٶȣ磬Ӱ
ˣһ֮ǹѸͻԵ·̺һɿµشƣǹδøоʲôϢ·ѾǸ˰㣬һǹǰûа·Ƶ۾ˡ
ȻͻȻֲĴʧΣ۾ֻǹǰ̩ͣɽζֺ
꣡
ͷѿֱӱƻˮ͸ˣһǹֱûпôµǹ
𣿡ַ΢Цʵ
Ƶ˵ͷҡҡͷƶǶȻһǹȻֿ͸
ʲôǹƶַʵ
ûǹҸǹַҡͷ
㲻ǹƶַ㣬š
ǹ似ǹ̶ģֻǸ㷽޷ľ裬Ӳ似ˣܽһƽ似µκ似شƣһǹؾ
ַ㵭˵Ʒ·˳˼УƶǶľ磬Ȼ޷ַ㻰İַŸղһǹԼĻԸָһڶʱڣǹһܱǿ
ơʱüڿգվһ飬ĿⲻƵĿַ㡣
ƴӻ㱵˹ַȵȣ㵽Ǻ⣬ΪʲôָǹУ㾹Ȼַ
⼸ƵĿһͣȫַ㣬͸źâˣȻַ
ַ㣬Ϊѩ¾еҲߣɳѪͳѩ¾ӵУӵϵľǳѪŵ顣
йַͳѪǧ˿ƵĹϵҲݱִ˵ѩ¹š
ִŵļһַ΢Цҡͷ˺յԼм֮
ô£ʱԶһųѪ׵ļ˶תˣͳ죬ַ
䣡˻ʱԪһɱ
ǰļ˷׷ÿַ֮˵òôĿ㣬ֻȴµĺۼҲӵˣϢȻɲˣУ޽ƺ˼׷˿
ͳյһĻĻٶӿ뵽ԺУʱַųѪڶгǷɱĦԽʮʱַǳѪڻʳǶ̨¾
ʱַŭڣɱü֮ѪɺӣصʳԼȴԼҲħ
һĻĻԺлصյЩĽͳѾˣֻʣ׽ƶգҲһͨʿΪͳ졣
裬׺ɣһжѾ˷ǣҲˣѩ¹һ콾ַ㣬ˣŻˡ
Ƶ˿ǵͳһʧǵͳ쿴ǰ꣬ȻݺᣬʹһѪˣһһ˿ޱȵͳ죬˿ȴһСǶоԴЩˡ
ûоʬɽ¡ûоѪɺӵսûоѪϦȾĩգ˿ͳᣬͳԺУ̫ļ䡣
Ԫ壬˫ϥڵϣˮɣͳɳƵĺһ

Ƶ˵ȫһͣǵͳƺΪĽѩ¹Ψһˣѩ¾ַ㣡


0861 ڣ
ַ㣬վǰ꣬Ȼַ㡣
Ŀ͸𾪣ַ㣬ǰָǹ꣬һֱĽĴڣָһ·ǰе
ַǰһǹµͳĶԷļͷӶԷУ·ܿ޷Ĩȥļ˺ۡ
ѪԲڽͳͷ֮ɫ
ˡַҡҡͷ
ǡͳ컹Ҫ˵ʲôȴַ˻ֽǵְ𣬲ҪΪҵʲô
˵գַŲһ磬һ㣬˲ʧ쵽˼顣
ͳվԭأַʧӰһȻĿⲻͣ˸ȹѣΪɲˣǡ
뵽⣬֮ɫŨһĨ֮⡣
ַıӰԺлַղһǹ޷ĨȥַԽ̵һǹ
̤Ųַܿ㿴µĻʹյĳۡѾ˲֪ٱŨԪַСŹԪ󷨣һЩͨ󷨵һճۡĴžԪϢԪŨ
ȻɽҲˣֲֵʹѾһģ
ʱַѾ嫵ĸۡµĻʹɳѪľػסĶַ׽˺ѣһЩˡ
ʹľʿַɲǣǾеĳǹ˵ϡ
ַ㽫ַ㽫
һ˵ֱӹ˵ϣĺţ
ˣַ㽫ħ񣬺úõĻˡ
춼
ַƻӶʱ·һεǵ壬ͷޱȣʵÿֲ
šַһЦ˸˲ʧȺǰֱӿʹС
ǰѩ»ʹͬµĻʹȽϼ򵥡ƽʵΪһֿĸۡ
棬ַ֮⣬ﻨ㡣
ͬʱʶ̿ΧĿռ֣ϤһУ˭ھסǺ;
Ƭַ̺㷢һ򵥵Ժ䣬ֲ껨ݣܰԺ֮⣬ȴĳѪ
ʶԺ䵱У漴ַ㿴һϤӰ
Ӱǰӵϸƺ˲٣Ȼɷ˴ԼŮһϯۣףȴеһĨˡ
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0865 ɱ
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Щѩ£ַĸĸǽ֮ϣȫɱνޣ


0866 һɱ
Ӻ̫ʦԼһƹǿ岻ͣĲţޱȾĶַ㣬ļɵͿ־֮⡣ǵĽֺԼκɵĲӴֻҪַһǾͶɱˣһַܸɱǵĻᣬһܡ
ʱַֻĽŲٶ߽Ӻ̫ʦȣվסǰһ顣
ĽֺĲϸһѪַۣһޱȵĵҸһˣҷģϧһд۽Ĩɱʯ١
⺮ĻӺ̫ʦԺУĽ΢΢ɳЩֺˣ˿̵ǰĸеĿ־ˡ
գ׷ɱַ㣬ʱַ츳ǿַ֪һǸҪĨɱĲΪʵַĳ˻оĿ־塣
ң˿̵Ҽŭַ㣬ַĨɱүһϧһнնɱ
ǿ߾Ҫˣʱ츳жǿ󣬶ɡӺ̫ʦаʱ䡣
С㣬뿪ַֺһַΪȣַ㼴Ҫԣǿߣַܹսʤġ
ֺΪڵĻַܹܵϢĻԲ֮һؽڣϧ̫ˣΪϣַʵΡ
ף˵ǣµˣҪַ͸ǿҵĺ⣬ȴԶǿϢһЩľгɷַ֮ٶȿ쵽¡
ַЦһʱһɿµĻеƣ͵ĳŷĹľĴȥ¡һ֮ǹɿµĻ˲佫ľܵȼ
䡢䡢䡭һӰľ˳ȻǵȫſµĻ棬ǵ磬ɷ֮ӿţûã̫ˣַ̤֮շ쾭̺Ԫ֣һմȾϱ޷ĨǷĲҽֱ֮
ÿµĻ档ȺвȼֱΪ޵Ļ棬ޱȣĻ棬޷ֵ۷֮һմ
Զ˳ַһֲĽŭɱɱȥЩɱȺ˲䱻Ĩɱӿ׹䣬侳ûܹסַĿֲ
ʱһɺޱȵǿϢƬռ䶼סϢ·Ƭռһǿ˼顣
Ӻ̫ʦԼһ˵¶˿ϲ֮ɫˣǿߣˣΣַˡ
ֺԼκɸоϢ˲ɫ԰ףп־壬ַ
Ϣַַ㿴ԶǿӰǰ˿̵ַ㣬Ǳǽڣĸĸ
ַ㣬ˡһλǿĮĶַ㣬˵ѩ¹ѩ·;ɱǿ񣬿뵽нյľ档
ַ㣬ƹʮʿ£գҪɱȫҶһƹǿߣϢĮ
ǸַĮ³һ
ǿŭһһƺɱ·̺µַֿȻûãǿµ˲ϣݺݵײǽϣǽײơ
С㣡ֺκɿмַ㣬Ŀ죬Ӻ̫ʦ˵Цַ㣬οġ
ԶȺҲڰ̾Ϣַվһ٣ǿߣܶԸġ
ڣɺڡǿ˵һȵлۡ
ɱַŭһɱǿ
ڤ粻顣ǿһ䣬ֲϢַ㣬¡һ죬ǽַ嶼̳ᡣ
С㡣κɺٺĿѣ˻Ӻ̫ʦеĽҲˣַ㣬βҲˣο
Ȼʱ򣬼µĽţµ£֮ЮֺԼκɵֱӱѵͬʱһµĽ˲併ЮκɵƹǿüĴһĿԲü֮ȴѪˡ
Ӻ̫ʦ·ʲôĿ˲ˣ˺˲䣬һâ͸ޱȣǰɳ۶硣
գһµĽâӺ̫ʦ亹ͿһӰӳ˸ңޱȣ˲佫ٺκһ𱧣գǶ͵ͷѩӥޱϡ
ţȺȫһ˿̵ַַ㣬Ȼǿ˵ģΪģǾֺκɣ
Ӻ̫ʦҲ㣬ʱɫ
סĸףҡ
˵գַĽŲһο˳ȥôãΪ˽ĸ
С㡣ֺһ
İɣµġʱһ΢ͳֺĶУ͵һĿ⻷ңˣ漴Ŀⶨµѩӥϡ
޷ǡ
ɱķ䣬˲֮¡ѩӥٶȿ˵ֺκɵĿ⳹׵Ľƺַ㣬
ȴ˿ַ̿㣬Ϣ񱩵˼£ɱ񷣬ҪضΪɱ¾սµɱЩȺһ
ԣ䣬䣬ַ㣬Ҳǿߣղţַһֱαװ̣
Ӻ̫ʦĿޱȽӲԭַΪ˾˲ǿһġ
Һڣʱַȫ޾ɱ⣬ƹǿߣȣڰɡ
£ַŲ˳ȥ漴һȻɱعݣֲһƬռѹȥָ޷壬˿ɵ
¡¡
µĹ֮ǿɫѿͷſµϢ죬ָ޷ɱȥ
䣡һ£ǿ궼飬һֱ
׹ʱȺз˾κˣһ䣬ǡַ㣡
ַĿһƹǿϣʱöԷ嶼ŵòôַô֮ǿ䡣
ߣȥ֪ͨɷڵǿ߹һͷȻתߣȻתɲǣַü֮ôɽâµĹӣ˲ûĺУ˵һ죬ȺоսӻصַüĴʱһ䣬峯¿׹䡢
䣬һǱһֱһ䣬ַһͷɱ
˿̵Ӻ̫ʦѾŵ˫ȷˣû뵽ַµֵز
Ҹ㣬ĻңҪˡַ³һһɱӺ̫ʦûκεĻᣬ
ǿһɱһˣŭɱǧﲻѪַ㲻Ҳɱˣ


0867 ɱ¾
ǣѩ¾ַ㣡ԶջʳǵȺյӰһʧַ㣬ŭɱǿߡ
䣬ַ㲻Ϊ֮磬յѩĻ֮˻ʣսޱȿ£ͬǿߣֻιһΣһµ̼ǿ߾ˣڶΣһͷƺһδ֪ĿַͨüĴųɽâйţûƹǿߵԴֱӽԷĨɱû˺ۣȺַɱԷġ
ֻܲ²⣬ַ㣬ֱܿӽԷĻǸˣ˶Է꣬Էɱ
˿ѩӥϵַ㸸ĸֺԼκɣҲǱַʵסˡ
䣬ǵĶӶħ뿪ѩ֮󣬳Ϊǿߣ߹ĨɱͬΪǿڣ̽ȡ㣬Ѵ֮
ַ𺳵ʵǣģɱ˵ģͬΪǿߣһ޷ֲĲࡣ
סĸףѩӥػǵģĴѩӥıϱԡַֺԼκɵĵ˵ͷ˲һӶĸ飬ַĮɱ⣬ĳѩ»ʹķɱȥ
Ҫ˭һУж˲˴£ǣȫҪ
ѩӥſŲ˸׷ַ㣬յѩ»ʳǵжȥ
ַϵĺǿɱջʳ̧ͷΧۣͬʱַ߹ɱǿնɱϵϢϯ£ѩ¹贫
ǵȺ˸ӿڳǵУַ񱼣ֱܶڿգַ档
ûҪַĸҪ˭ܹ赲˿̷ŭѩ¾Яɱŭַ㡣
ѩյĻʳǵУȺ·һɿ͵˳㣬һӿַǰķ
ͬʱѩ¹յĻʹУǿַ֪Ϣ̤˳ų֮ӿȥܿ죬ַ˰·С
˿̵ַɱ죬ǿټصĽ־Ŀ£ַߵռ䶼·ѹֵҪϢ
Щǰַ˸յַ߾͸ַܵϢ漴лѵâţǵɵ˭ַ㣬ַһýţɱ
·;Уϵǿ׹䣬ϵĳеУעҪѪࡣ
ɱ棬޹صһշˣŵڵߣҴַ㣬ַһŭ֮½Ҳ˵ɱδҲ̫ԩˡ
ڣѪͿµɱ⣬ַ̤յĻʹȻפ˺ƹˣһСģľţַ֪ħ뿪֪Ϣ˾Ϳʼѩˣֱӹѩ¹ҰĲҪѩ¹ռΪУ׵ռ
ϧΪɷڵĽ룬ǲòıԭ룬ַĸĸΪնҪַԿ϶ǣЩ˶ַɱǲģƹǶϣַ
յĻʹУ˸ܵյдĿϢһ̧ͷͷ𺳡
˿̵վһ꣬͸ޱǿҵɱ֮⣬·֮ߣ˭赲Ҫ˭ɱ˿ɵ
ʱַֻɨ¿һۣɱţƻӶʱȺĿע£ֻâȫɱ˿ɵ

ַ³һ֮͵Х֮ϵĴɱѪɺӣյĻʹȾ졣
֮˲ѩ£ץסĸĸնɱ⳹׵ĵȼŭ֪ΪնݳɱЩˣһֲˣ֪ᷢʲôֲĺ
󡣡

ޱȵ漴ľЯſµɷ֮ƮյС
ûãȻûܵס㡣һľĵдһ漴Яſµɷ֮ĳַȥǹɷ֮·ܹ˵嶼ʴ
ֻ̼䣬ɷַ֮ϣȻ˿̵ַ֮񣬻ȼգκɷֻ֮Ҫһͻᱻɱž졣
ͬʱַĽŲ͵һ磬ֲѹĴһƷ·͸һɿµѹӡ֮ͬʱЯһ
䣡˲佫Ǿ߳Ĺľסȼ
һ˻֮漴¡¡첻ԶǿŹľҪ
ʱĴڹľϵַƵдһɿµѹӡȻ·Ƿħʯһľѹס˾Ȼ޷ƿľ
ԽԽѾľ׵ȼ浱аĹľˡ
洫һǺҽ֮ȺоͷƤ飬Ǻ治ɷڵ˸̿ˮɫޱȵѿ
Ϊ˽Ŵ˴εжɳǿߣȻַǰľ޷ƿַڹľȻȻɻ̫ˡ
˿̵ַǺͬĴڣҪԽǺܶһɱһ׾١
һľгһӰͬ鱻ַڹľŰɱڹľˣ˳
ȥɫ£˫ӡʱǿµɷ֮֮ƣַɱ
а֮ҲַŭһһµĴһгֵģǿµĻڰ棬У͸ŽһжĿ»
䣡
޾ɷ֮ƶһƵл𣬱ޣַ̤ңһһ˲䵽ԷǰֱӾһƺɱӵĻᶼûУֱӱַһµڰûɢʬ޴档


0868 
ɱ֮󣬹ɱ֮ɳ죬ƬռϢ
֮ХƹԼ˷׷׵ǿµɱ֮Уû˿Եסַ㣬ƺֻбɱˡ
ɱѩ£ռѩ¹յĻʹΪܹưԣΪ˵ַ㵽֮ǵһ뷨ַˣ˽ƿأǵаͷҪַô
û뵽˿ַŲգɱʹУĿһУû˾һιֱؼѪһһƺɱɱ񣬸µΪĸŰǰңַѾû˰ʹȱ֮⣬ֻɱûκܹɱ˫֡
ڣЯ߿µɱַ֮ջʹоʱһڵ·޵г֣͸ſµɷַȥ
Щںڣ·޾ַĿһһ¡¡ľ޴ʵ÷飬ĹУ¶һڿھ޴ͭľľͷǲͭľϵģ˿˿ĺ⡣
һȺ˵ĶַĿ䣬岻һס
ꡢ¡¡ͭľƺҪַʬ
Ȼܿ죬Щͭľͣһɲַϣȴַֺʱַ壬һΡĸɽ㣬յУ˿ЩľҪַʬǵ
ַ㱻˫͵һ£ʱ߹ľֱӱ˹Ųһ磬ַ嶯ǲ˫ȵ͹ľҲһˣ·ַϣľ
˲䣬ͭľַǰַĿ˫͵ĳǹľĴȥ¡ľ޴֮ͭѣޱȿµǿֱӽͭľͬʱӰҽͱֱˡ
䡢¡⼸߹ľ˷˳ȥˣһ֮ϣַһ˿ļɵ֮ɫ
ַһӵежôĿֲ
һӰӴյн٣ַ淽򣬽ַΧм䣬У͸ղһͭľ
ַǰУһȺӰ˳ЩһϢ£ϵϢ·𶼻ȻɣؽڣǰӰһϯͨĻɫΪѾؾ磬ǳ£һ񲨶·̺־˸е־塣
ôַ̡㿴ȺӰʮˣȫǿߡ
ƹСѣǿ߱ѵãʮǿߣôǿݣ˵ƹɷҪóֿµݣҲǲװɡ
ַôǿ߶յĻʹоסţƺʱڵһ
Ϊ׵ĻǿĿĮЦһַ㣬츳ȷ£츳ǿվΪޣҪйǸûпܣܶΨǴӣҵһָһ·ҲΪˡ
Ҫ־ܣַĿ⵱һ̵ɫ˵ɣ㵽һɴˣߣ壿
ڸĻᣬӣҪ׷ĪǿûлشַĻ˵
׷ĪЦΪң¿๦Ȼѩ¹Ҹĸ֣֪һ߳أͿܻؼһˣһؼҷҸĸһԣһֱڵҡ
ַ͸ĺ֮⣬Է˽һжúԣַô䣬ǿ϶Ϊһʧַѷˡ
֪Щк壬˵һΣҵָҲ㻹лĻᣬѣȫŹƽ˵˿̵·Ѿַ㵱׸Ķ
ַǺǿΪֻһ֮ȴĨɱͬǿߣǣַǿΣʮλڣлмؾ磬ؾǿߣַ޷
𣬿Ϊ˺ܶˣǺãɡ
ַ³һ£յУƶ֮ϣͻȻһԵ쫷磬漴һѩɫӰԾ˵ٶȽ䣬ؼͻأһɿµµ
䡢䡢䡭һӰڵأЩǿȫΧסˣ϶͸ޱȿµ֮Ϣ
䣬ȫ䣬ң
һ̣ЩǿߵĿȫͷЩȻô
ЩƶˣǾȻûаĲɼЩΪǻҪ¡
𣿡ַ㿴ǺȻʧɫ侳ǿߣĮ˵һ˻ûлعַĿⶼмִ֮⡣
ʹеȺҲַ㣬ôһ˿µ
ĻǾһЩַ㵭³һһӣѩյи֣漴һ޴޳յС
𡭡
໣
䣡Щһֱŭ򴷴ţ쳤Хһʱ춼·սһɿµĺɫУյзĹš
ֶңǼµȫΧס
һʱذƬռ䶼ס֮һȻ˵ϣЩǿҲо˫ڲ
Ǻˣ֪˿־Ǻζַһ·ɱɱǣǲŹġ
˿ַ̣㣬ȻɱǵЩµһŭ˲佫Ǹ˺Ƭλܲ


0869 Ļָʹ
ڣ㲻ỹҪ˰ɡַ㿴ǻӣĿ䣬˿̵ĻѾ׵ĽӲͬ޾Ŀ־塣
ôôĿȻȫַߡ
Ϊַ㲼´˴εıַԼνѾ˾Գ׼ץסַĸĸֻҪַѩ¹ͱȻʱʮλǿߣòһַ㣬Ҫץסַ㣬׾ٵġ
ȻƺֻܳΪˣʵеĲ˵Ĵǲ²⵽˿ʼȴûвнַ֣ˣһ·ɱȴʮͷµÿһͷϣͨؾǿߡ
ζţЩСģǿĴڣһսսκεǱɣһַǻ֮ء
ǷԺú̸һ̸ˣ˭վĻָʹһСַ㻰£һɿµϢȫǿµɱ̹֮ǡ
û˻شַ㣬˵ǿ»˲ûַɱ
ռһĬַ㿴ԵȺȴ¶Ц
ǿԱֳĬһ֪ʲôп־塣
ַ㺮˵ڴ˴жĻָʹһҪ֪ĸĸʹ࣬˳𲻱Ϊӡ
˺ˡַĿַָһˣʱŭ𣬿񱩵ء
һ쫷ӿҪռ˺ѣޱȵצֱӳ˿ȥ
˸ܵǹֿûУŲҪ룬ȻٶȺĿֲ˲ץһƬѪ⣬漴Хһڿգֱ˦˳ȥ
˻˻͵ĸһڶܴţ˫ֽץס漴͵һ˺Ѫ䣬һǿߣ˺ѡ
ѪȵһĻһĿǶڲһǿߣôֱӱ˺֮Ĳף˿ȴԵ˵ĴЩɱǰֻҪΥַּ⣬̾ͻᱻ˺ѵ
û֪Ļָʹ˭ַ㿴Щˣٶȱһ
ȺһĬ
һַֻ̡һаǵĶ̲ס£ַ㣬ʲôľֹ
ֻһַָָұߵһˣʱ͵Ĳ
ȵȡ˿ַ촽䶯̺Ҹ㣬ܸܲ·
˵˵ȨѡҵȨַĻӦ˶Է̹ǣʹôˣҪ֪⣬ˮʯġ
Ӳܾˣַ㣬ɻҪɱǸַ˭ĻָʹߣΪǴ˴¼ֱӲߣǲ˴µˣ
ǲ˵ˡַƻľ˵ĿһֻоϮֱ¡
񹬣һжĻʹġ˺Ŀ죬ĮĶǰĻӵȺ쵰ǵĲ룬ɱ¾һ뿪ˣôܻһֱôַܻ㣬´ָʹǡ
񹬣
ַһδ֣еһЩȻôһһȥˡ
ַ֮䣬һЩԹѩԳǵпµʱѩһУЩµͱһΣ񹬣ƹִɷڵţΪ
񹬣ַٶȱ³²ǶҲ²壬ǣȻˡ
ʹĴߣַ˴Уɱ岻ˣһֱַԹַΪ׷ɱһ·ɱ˶棬նɱҲĻкһö㹻׷ɱ
񹬣ַ񹬴ûйΣڽؾʱΪ񹬶սһΪħ񹬼ȵĿַǺ񹬾ˣҲֻ˵Ҿˮ
ַû뵽ѩ񹬣˶֮ǰ˱ӵֶζԸĸĸϵΪڳǽϣֻΪ
֮ˡַĿ̹ǣҪΪ׵Ļϣ˭µ
Ҫַ㣬ҳ츳ҲϹ츳Ǽ񹬣Ϊ񹬵һӣԾķ츳ϧڤ粻飬ҪѰ·񹬣츳ǿ󣬵ɽ·µţ񹬣һ֪Ϣɳǿ֮ˣˣѾעˡ
ҴҵһԼѿء
ַĮ³һ漴ƻӶɱ£ɱЩˣҪ
𣡡رܿһ̤ŵ棬¡¡ľ޴Щǿ˲ɫҰףַɱ¾֮´ô
ûܹӵЩɱǿ̫ˣʮǿ߷ƵûκãˣԶƬϣյѩ¹ʹЩǿߵѪҺ
ַûκεı飬Ψкɱ⣬񹬣ˣġ
ֺκ̤ѩӥԶߣҲ𺳵ԸӣǻΪֻλ츳ǿߣǴˣյĻʹоȻʮλǿڣȻ
ǵĶַ㣬Ϊһͷٻµɱ¾£ͬʱַ㱾ʵҲǼĿֲɱһǿ練ơ
С㣬ĳˡֺоȻһ֮ͨɫ̫ˣôַɳֱǿҵĳޣźǿĵӣգΪַ𱣻ɡַΪһƬա
жվڴ֮ϣͷ죡


0870 ٹ
ǰѾԶԶĳԽǡκɷ·һ˲˺ܶ࣬Ķӣ䣬ּɻɱǿߣ練ơ
ֺⶼĹ͡κɶֺǳЦ£С󣬶ַֺ㸧ˣĸ׵ĸûʲôΡ
κɣֺ˵ˣûһóôõĶ𡣡ֺȻ˿̵鲻κЦκһĨɬ
ֺղ̸񹬣񹬿֯ѩ´ȵǿǿû뵽ȻҪԸС㣬ȻСʵǿ󣬵ǿ»޷жԣǺá
κͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬һǳǳĵ֮ɫղ˵񹬣оиһںǳܵġ
ʵڲУǴ뿪ѩ£Զ磬СҲǣ޹ңҲô֮ͣҪҵһ˿ɲô򵥡ֺһâ񹬣Ȼ˿̵ǶҲǰ޲ѡ
αҪԶ磬ԸĻȥص۹ֺµѩӥ˵ֺĿһ
ص۹
ֺ˸૵˵۹Ǭӵмʢǰ֮һǿʢؾסǿߣص۹
˵ֺĿһµѩӥʵǰѵǺСǴص۹ԡ
ĪҪǰĸףһӥֱˡѩӥ˶Դζ£ǵȷص۹ңǴض
أȻصֺĿһأȻƺСΪôС㵽׵õʲô
֮ϣߴ壬Ϊǣһ请ޣ̤֮ǿ츳أ请ѽλһĴߣδ请䣬ԣԸĻʱǰء
ѩӥƺֺ֪ĺ棬Ľ͵ĻȴǽֺԼκɾһԡ
أΪߴ壬ǵĶַ㣬ȻΪһ请Ĵߣδߴ֮һ⡭λõĸоǬİ֮һǳֲĴڣǶֻǵĶӣѾΪ֮һһɵǿ
ѹ֣ѹôǿС㣬ѹǳƺСΪˡ
𾪹ֺκһۣԵЩ㿴ַ츳ɻûʶַĿֲʶַδѩӥǵһ⣬Լİӣδ֮һԲô򵥣ǵĶӣעΪߣǶѩ¶ԣʿޱ𺳵ģһߣһƷ۹
ߣɽѪҺѪѪ츣
κӵߵѪ֮ѩ¹Ϊţߣ棬Ǹ߸ϣҪĴڣȻǵĶӣעҪΪߡ
ֺκŵһӷ࣬Ϊδһַغһأô׵óѵģû뵽ַ㣬ǣɿĶԾ
֪ǬĴҪַ㲶񣬿¾ûôˡ
Ѫڳ˿ϵѾб߶ȥϦӳⱻѪȾջʹ֮⣬أѩ»ʹ񣬲ҽ֮ϣѪȾÿһأɱ¾ûֹͣ
ˡˡѩӥصַǰַ㽻Ѿˡ
ѩӥ磬ɳλһλǰƹһˡһλǰһˣƹĻҡĻңһڵšַѩӥ˵ѩӥĿֲʵַҲ˽⣬һλѩӥ㹻һ֮ˡ
˵ƹΪԼΪڵģǻΪѩһУַ㸸ĸһи޿صĴۣһΣַҪնݳǵĻ󻼡
ǡͷѩӥӦգſ޴ɳ۶ȥƹѩͬѩƬأΪңԶѩӥĿֲٶȣò˶õġ
˸ַ㽫һЩջѩУ漴صĸǰЩεĵסĸףίˡ
С㣬˵ʲôأͺáͺáַֺ㣬ԽԽַ㳤ˣϵ˸֮С
С㣬κɶַַ֣΢κɵ»˻֡
С㣬˺ܶɡκַָЩ˸еĵż͸Ųַĸ죬˫޲ӡ´Ĳɣ
ַܶɻֻһƬСգûоĲпᣬûоѪĽ࣬Ȼַ㣬ȴ̫࣬ϲŻµĺۼ
ַ츳ʵ𾪡οҲַ֪ĿѻģΨоۿѣŻá
㿴㡭ж籩ܴ֮꣬䡣ֺҡҡͷȻҲַ㣬ΪסΪжȻϣַܹأһƬԼգ˲пᣬӵпµ淨ǽַ㲻ǿƣǶַҲʵ
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յĻʳˣַһҳշأоþ޷ƽ
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з֮ڹŵл죬һƬƬ
ƺɽһУַ㲢֪Ҳ֪Լ֮٣ʲô˿̵ѩӥصݳС
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˭ѩ¹ľηֻҪַһ죬ǿҲҶѩдˣҵĻǶľս
ȻЩǺ󻰣ַĻعݳǣֺԼκɻ˵ַǣַջʳǵΪ֮󣬶Ϊ죬ɽ֪һк󣬸дһĨ񹬣񹬵һԱ
ҶеֻǸˣѪŵˣѪڣԼûкַ㽫һǰɱѪɺӡ
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ӵЧƷ׶ǼƷõ񵤸̤쵤ĲΣ֮µˣܹʥƷҩ
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ֲҩΪҩƳļ֮񵤣ܹػָҲܾȻѩ԰ֺκɻָơ
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˿̵ַŷ֣棬ȻǬ·켣֯ͼǳ죬ǣʥ֮켣
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һַԼȥͨʥƣͺԪ·һ̼䣬ʥƷ·޵ռдʣһͷſ죬Ϣ
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ַһλ˶˵ͷַ㲻˵Ҳ֪ôֶַͼʶŷǳص֮ټϿֲĸ֪ԼǿĻϣַѾԶԶĽ˦ҪֻǷֹһѣĹСأҲֲ
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ݡ֥ѪݣôҩģƽʱܹõһҪµĴۣκһǱ˿ȴ·ͨĲľһַͶ뵽˾Уڻһ
Ǽ֮ʥҩҪҪӵĴҲǿֲģҲѹڴ½м󣬼ԼߵĴȥҲǺѵõʥҩ
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䵱е¶ԽԽߣַ˫ҲڿʼŲͬӡϵĴھϣһͬʱֲַʶΧһж֣еӡԺУҩںַ㲻ϣκεĲأȫעš
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Ȼǹһʱ̣ЩҩѾڣȻûܵεĵҩַͶ϶סˣоƺЩԾ
㣬Ͳһ㡣ĿҲоõͲ˿ǷֺģֻҪ˷ֺͿܵµҩȫͬҩܳΪҩ
ⵤҩ⻬תֳµǿ⣬͸ſµϢյڳŵҩȥҩͨ쵤ɵǣͲôһ˿
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һַʶ뵽ڲԪ˳Щ·ʱ·һͷ˯Ĳˡ
ַ㣬Ԫͨʥ
ŭХھУ·вϢͬʱһɿµĲַȻɽԼ񣬲óκβء
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κԥֱַӳ𣬳Ʒݣ䶼ͱһ޴Ŀ
ңʹöַ㻯٣ǴӾܳĶסһǿʢ͸ƴ嵱УѪҺڷڷ·Ѫǿ󡢳Ѫǿʢ⻹ʢ⣬ִκεƣϢУܹκá
񵤣
ַ̯ǺķԼ޴ѪƵļŵҩоΪףǳѵã񵤣ʲôƶܹƣ
һӰ˸Ƕµĵҩ֮ģַʱͣ½ŲĿ¶һڴɫ
ַ㿴Щһۣ漴˵ͷ̼䣬˵ϣһ˿õЦ


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ַƵУһҡϣ·Ҫҩ֮ϣ⻪ͣתͷſµҩЧ
ַ㣬쵤콫ҩ߷ãҪôӡ֮ɢʹõҩҩЧϳַ˵ַ˲䷴Ӧ֮УһſµԪ·̺һƷ֮ϢƶɵŵҩסǳĹҩϢҲʧˡ
ˡַ˸˲ʧȺǰ
ַңޱȵĲɻ𾪣쵤ַ㾹Ȼд˵ǿƳ쵤̫ˡ
쵤侳ǿߵϣŲ˼Чֱҩ
ַһԺУκɺֺڱĿŵԼԪܲƻָȻ٣ΪɹϢ˥ˣϢҲǳ޷Ԫ
ҶһԿţЩţûа취Ԫɵָоʧ䡣
ҶѩڴʱһֻһӰⲽַ㡣
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ֺκɶһۣѵһССĵҩǻָΪɣûб̫ϣǻǽҩ̷ȥ
ҩ壬ʱһɿµκɣΪֺֻ䣬˾ʵʶԣͬϣܵǲֺصģҩȻǿ
Ƿ·𶼿ݼѪҺһ̶ˮͻȻ仯˳ѪҺڷڣѪÿһ䣬԰׵ɫ˲ֳ˽Ĺһ˿ѪʹѪڣѪʢޱȡ
Ѫʢ֮⣬ڵϢҲ׳󣬱ήϢ˿ȴǿѪʢϢǿҲ·ܵ޸ͬʱһҩ֫ٺľתκɺȻķ֣ľȻһĻָš
ÿµҩЧκɵ¶֮ɫĿ˴ϲĶһۣ漴ϣʼϷԪƵĻָ
ֺ嵱Ҳͬı仯ȻƸأҵȴǿǸܵ쵤ĿֲҩЧ֮ҲϣʹƷٵĻָţַĵҩֲ̫ˣʥƷʹѪʢϢ׳ǿ
ĸ죬ʼתԪַҲ³¶һĨѵõЦݣ񵤣ҩЧ
ʱҶѾѩˣַ㽫ѩһԣǴڻԵ״̬үһЩУʱϵΪѩȫһ
ѩĴţַڵԪѩ嵱УĵڣͬʱιУͬʱԪ赼ҩЧķЧá
ѩΪ쵤ܷӸֲЧҩЧӳϾһϼ⣬ǿʢҩ͸˳ѩ壬ҲڲϽ޸˵ʱ̣û缲ָҲܿ졣
ûйã۾ַʱɵ£૵ĺһү
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еһűʯ֮ϣһӰǣȻȻסŮأ屻⣬ֹͣˣɱԭ崿գϻһ˿ǳǳЦ⣬·ܰꡣ
񵤣ϣܹðɡַ૵˵ŮӦôȥ
ǰַ㽫ƷǺ֮ϣһƿµĳַ֮Ƶ͸ڻ
ַĻǿȻ⺮ڻȴܻɼԶôǿŽصʱסģѹһ֮鵱ܵ˺ʴ
ڣȫɣַ㽫Ůң漴ҹرգڷнط£ƷŮϣԪȥ赼رôãȻס֮Ҫ֮⣬Ժ²ĺ
ڣŮڵĺַεȫԪԼŽ񵤸£񵤷ӳҩЧ
ܿ죬ַһɳس϶ǹɺı⺮֮⣬ѩǿֶΣصֹͣתȫȫı⣬ûж񻯣ֶμַ㿴ҲǼΪ𺳡
ڣҩЧȫЧ֮ŮϳŨŨѪɫ󣬷·˻㣬ֻǻû
ַ㰲Ľ˷䵱еһŴϣǵҫ¶һĨЦ⣬漴߳˷䣬ŹغãѾûκ⣬ʱ䵽˾Ȼ
漴³ַ㽫ʣµһⵤҩȻЧΪʥƷȫιˣҲеһʯ
ʱַĿңգڷķָܹǵƣȻء
飬϶Ҫǿĵҩ»Ϊ˰ɣ


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ӲֽŻĶܶˣֱӣ漴һΧܼ򵥵ķ䣬ƺһңѾȫĻָоԼϢ׳ˣ֪·ǰǿһλõĸоͺһΡ
̧Ųһ·ǧأǰ漴ŲıᣬܿӦˣŷȥ
һԺ䣬мɽ̨ͤгˮɻһӰ˫֮££ǱӰԴżɪ֮⣬һƺ˼ʲô
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ַ촽˶漴Ц£ر˼֪֮꣬£ΪԼųǰɡ
أѾ˺ü꣬ѾųǣҵļݳǣϼڣҲںܾǰѾɢˡַû˵ϼýɢ֣ⵥŮͽ˸УΪ޷˵ϼڵ˷ŹԾЩԼ
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ؾȵǣ߶ȺʵȻ񶼺Ϣǿоɲ⣬ÿ˵ΪҪ࣬ɻﵽʲôطԻǿƣƫƫַǰ𾴣Ƿĵ𾴣ַ㣬Ǻݣ
ַĸ֮أ˿̵ѩѾȫĻַָһһͣû뵽үǱŮȻˡ
үѩߵַߣһصһƺַ㣬˶ǹɫоηޱȣȴûֱӳƺַ㡣
үѵַĳӵܣǰȥųġز²˵
˿̣κɺֺҲĽƻָ˹˫Ŀ貣ŶĿĹǵΪûкˣǿˣѪʢǿϢ²׳֪øǿָо
ʱΧӰǿʼԶԶĿţȵֺκǶָ糣ǲŸַ߽Ŀдž̾Ϊϣ˿̾ȻַƵĵҩ̫ˡ
ָˣáãɽͷ׷ƮκɺֺȫĻָ򼤶¶˺֮ɫ
硣
ַ硣кüӰߵַߣ϶ſЦݡ
ַ㿴һϤӰ·һλص˼ǰӡ
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ַ֮СʱǵȻҲˣǷ׷״Ӹظ˻˴˿̵ۡ
磬ԽԽˡݺݵĻַһȭȭͷͺǺڸϣȭͷ΢΢Щʹޱơ
ڻ޷Ϊƾжߣʲôʸ˵ַҡͷ˵ƾӡūӡ޷ȥ
ٺ٣ѾϰˡЦԵøѡ
ַ΢΢ҡҡͷһҪƾϵժ
ֱܿƯˡַžܿЦַĻܿԵм΢죬ƺյŮһ
жη⣬ΪˡַĿƾϣնηͱֹ쳣츳ټӵѪԽҲûе֣ηⶼѾ侳ؾˣѩ¹һǿߣѵá
磬Сӱ̬ƵĵƾһֱҲֻǸСһΪ
ηԴƺЩ˼Ȼ˼ַ꣬ǰɸоԼǺֽ㡣
ַĿ⳯ŲԶȥһֱӰ絶վһĬԡ
ԵַӰһԵ̧ŲߵַߣǰϤӰַ㽫ūѳʱ򣬾ַѾɳѩ¹Ϊ֮ĵز
侳أַڰԵļͷĴ¡
ԵַܵУ侲¶һ˿Цݣôδַܻ㣬һĿ꣬ȥ׷档


0875 컯
澭ˣٿһܶһѹѣָоУ㲻ԲҲ·ܹ֮ܵܰС
磬һҪٺȼƾƺŷԪҾƣ졣
û⡣ַһЦơ
С㡣ʱκַߣʵҺ㸸׷µĵҩ𣿡
Сַ˵ͷκĿһ㶣˵ʲôȴһ
κɣͷӶһˣ˵ʲôʱ͵ޣǱĵҩСߣҲоһ졣ɽ֪κҪ˵ʲô̾ϢҲ֪ԼǷַǺܶ࣬ȴַŮˣ⹫ַ㲻ҩҲ⡣
ַ㿴˿ĸ׺⹫ɵÿЦ£֪Լ˼ˡ
ĸף룬ǰ鶼Ѿȥ⹫ΪǶˣô᲻һŵҩֻ⹫ƺǲһ񵤵ȷܹ⹫ƣһֵҩ񵤣⹫ô
ַһκ¶һ˿Ц⣬ѪŨˮǰΣɽףҲ֪ɽһֱ۰ֻǹִһֱԼַ㲻ϰɽָһҪȰַģʱҲԼˣĶû
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ϡϡַŲԶλ˺һλ˹ЩӰһΪϳǣǸо˾ˣҲС
ϡϣûһֽΪ컯ĵҩַһ
컯૵һ漴ͫ͵һͳ϶һۣ˶ӶԷп𾪡
˵ķӦַףԷȻ˵컯
ַ㣬컯ĵղַκɵĶԻ徹̲ס΢΢ƺǳ
Сַ˵ͷϽɽλļ䵱У컯ֵҩ֮λ߶컯ܿء
꣡Ϻͳȭͷһգ죬ַϵǳǳЦݣǼ֣컯ַ㾹Ȼ컯ĵ
컯Ϊ֮컯ٶ켫ҩܹѪõµϴ˵Ĺ衢꣬ǿĸӦǿ֮ʥ֮µ˶ԣܹ֮ҩЧɱ䣬Щ˶ԣǵػܹǱǿľ硣
ϻĿ˵ȺĿһ࣬ĵҩ˵ʥƷ컯;ܳƵʥҩ֮컯
κԼɽϽ컯ͷҲ̲סһ漴ɽиοԭַѾˣַ㣬Ҫ컯׵ػһӵǿǿ
侳վ䣬ޣһͻҲϣе˥ϣ޵ʵԽǿ˥ڱԽַ㣬Ѿǿߣλ˥ڡ
ϡϣ컯ҪĲϣѰϿȡ㹻ԪʯϣѰҩģһҪõʱ컯Լ⹫á
ַȡһֽŵݸϣ潫컯ҩдú
Ϻͳ֣صĽӹǵȻȫȥѰϵǵĳɾַͣ㣬ȻʼǴȥϲˣһܹ켫ҩʦһֻҪеͿһЩЧĵҩͱ˵컯ֵҩˣԲ򵥣ַҲдԵŵõġ
ַ㣬ȥϿ˵ַЦδҲ̫ļˣַҲܹϵ飬һĳԽԼԲùδֹɻϺͳ뿪Ҳϣܹ㽫ҩѰ
һԵκַҪ컯Ȼ˵ʲôֻϺЦɽҲǷǳο
һߣѩȻѩѩ洿ӣ˵ҲͶԵͨѩĻҲַ֪ȻûƭϦԵʱѾȥ˼꣬ϼڣҲѲڣϼڣǿʢһʱţȫˣѩ¹췭ظ£ظо𺳣û뵽Եʱ䷢ôĴ¡
ѩ㣬ַַ㣬ĳӵ𣿡غʵ
ѩһЦ˵үҰɣȻʵϣѩ¹Ļʹ
ѩ¹ʹѩһַͣѩ¹Ļӣ
ѩɺЦҡҡͷǻӣǾ
һ׵סַ㣬Ǿ
ѩصһ£ַĹ£صýζ·ѩŴ棬û뵽ַ㾹˾ʵ
һߣ£жֲֿʧѣҾ֮һŻ
֮ϣַ㡢һţֱڵϣǵǰǾƣҵķԪҾơ
磬ң뵱꣬һںڷʹʹ죬նɱޣȡˣǺĿգʱ򣬱չҺ;ϣչ˵ʸûˣ㽫˦ԽԽԶֵҵȻˣǣҲעˣֵܲͬһˣ磬ʵʱҶϣôֵܣƾϣһ𴳵½ʹơʹɱС
ڵĹƣҾƷ壬ޱȣģΪֵܣ޾ʲô˵
ַĿ⿴ԶĬԣ˵ģγʵԽռ䣬ĻᣬҲԽԽ١
ƺ˵˸дͷҲȻҲƯ΢΢ͨ죡
ӣ˵ЩʹĻоƽȺʹ˵ƾһЦ£ԣһ쵰˵磬Ⱦơ
ƱַʹţǵӣȴЩζ


0876 ǰڷ
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ҾƵϢ˿̵ĺˣѾ˵ϣͨ죬ֻо¶ǻģвϵֹʲôԼѾûʶ
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ʱַڵϣǲ֮ϵϦǴһ˿ǳǳЦݣˣγһ֮£Ȼ磬ʱɼ黹ںڷ롢񹬿¹˶ûɱǬַ㣬һδˡ
һеһУ޷ӱܣֻ¸ҵȥԣֻܲϵ׷ѰǿߵĽŲԼʵǿֱأЦ񷣬磬Ψһ·ǰˣţӵôĴˣһգܹơ
Ϧ£һԲ¹֮ϣ貵ǳ˵ҫۣôעĿ޾ĺǿգ״ʲôΪǰվڲͬĴϣ̧ͷȴͬһԲ£ͬһƬǿա
һſҫ۵ǳǷס
΢죬ԺҾƵζʱߵĺѾԵƾž˯ˣƺȱȫжɵϰߣ˯֮ʱһɾУη˯ֽܰ꣬ǴЦݣƺΡ
ѩ;໥пţڲԶ̨ͤоȻ˯˹ȥַĸ׺ĸѾ뿪ߣռ䶼Щˡ
Ҷ֪ʲôʱַߣַԱ߰ţַͬһƬգҲû˵ȥַ˼
¹µһĻͶڿյԲ£·һԲ֮⣬ҹһĻ档
ַ۾һֱţݰ֪˶ãҹĳһʱ̣۾ŻıϣֻʣȳƵĺ֮
һУһ

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ʱҶƺЩ䣬ϣַĽҶ漴ţһ˯ˣ漴뿪ߡ
ȵַ뿪֮˵۾Ҳ׷ǶѾˣֻǲԸƬ̵
ҶȥϢַֻ֮ص˸ղŵԺ䣬ʱκɺֺҲ˹һֱûüַ£Ϊĸʵַ֪һЩʲôУ飬˿
ַһʯϣȻҲʲôྭĽΧȺΧַߣַⴳ硣
ѩ֮⣬ԭ޾Ĵ½Ǭں嫴½ֻеһѣѾǿһһƷ۹İǿ߶ţëߣв٣ֲֿΧȺޱȾ̾
ǳֺ̤֮⣬඼ֻ侳һУ䶼Ѱˣ㲻ʲôǺĿֲǸоСѩ¹ƺ츳۴½ʲôǡ
ǵַ֪㴳ؾȻеʵ㣬ʶߴ۵ĵ̺־ͨɵͷ˵ȻΣգҲ˻ʹ̼ǰľʣ
ߡۣǻǺεǿĴڣһţܹøɽѰɡ
ַֻ˵ԼڴЩȴû˵õʹǲΣֻ֪ǲСĴȥ֪ʲôµĺԼԣҲѡ
ַҲ˵Լصһ£Ϊ请һκɺֺѾ֪û̫ȣǼ𾪣Ķ˵ţַ㣬ȻΪһôδ请һ䣬ָ̣ǿֱܹܲ𾪡һ¶֮âҲȥ½ͷССѩ£ѩվǾ֮ܣж㲻ӵֿ
ؾеõһЩ־֮һ;Ҫ֮ʱԽսΪƽ侳۷ʱѾܹսʤ䣬һЩֶ⣬Ҫƾı־罣־ǰ;бҪ־򣬸ͬǿߵĶ֣־֮־
ַ㻺˵漴һӣʱϳ貵ľʯ̺ſµ־
ӦܹܵԼʺһ־ƾǵĸ֪ѡ־ַ֮˵ЩԼ׽ˣȻʲôοӵʹֻҪһܹˣ޾ıضģ־֮ͨʯͷһʲô㡣
Ҳûкַ׷׸Լĸ֪ѡϤϢŸоߣһҪľʯǻʺ־
ܿ죬˶ѡ˲־֮׷պϻǲࡣ
־֮ǿ߶дã־رǲҪ¶˺֣⣬⣬һЩɣĻԺǿʲôҪı־֮ȥȡ
ַĻ˵ͷֶһЩ־֮Щǿ߶Զ󣬿ܹõȻ˵ȥ»ᱻǿ׷ɱ
־ַ֮øĸպϺͳҲҪһʹҪȶУȻҪһЩԴ
ȻϺͳϻҸһЩȵʵƸõĵҩʹеʹãǿʵַа˵漴һԶգվŲһ磬ֱնȥһӰ쵽˼顣
ȺĿһͣȴַƮȥڷһˣ
˲䣬˶ַ֪Ҫȥʲôˣа


0877 
ڷƺɽ޾ѩ¹û˵Լ˽ڷ룬Ϊδ˽ڷĵطǽеģûܻ߳ˣҲû֪ڷ뵱Уʲôµڡ
ʱƺɽڷ֮Ͽշһſµ쫷ŭţһǿƽ֣һͷµޣ޴ÿһ˸һ쫷磬¶Ŀ¡
ڷ˴˿̶̧ͷգɵһÿµޣԳԽĲΣǿµ
ˣʱǿϣȻһȻֱӭĿ쫷·޷ֺ
ӰȻַ㣬ʱ·ƺɽһۣ̤ĵط
ţʱַüͷ΢΢£ȣƺɽУ·һڵƿգƬռ䶼Щȡ
Ҫ֪˿̵ַǧ׵ĸ߿գܹܵȣɼʱɽ˿һ
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ַ㲢ϵסϵãַУһ·źڷ͵ļۡ
µϢǿ󣬷֮ڷеС׷ڵأ̧ͷյеĿӰǿĿֲϢִڣǿĴڡ
ַ㰲ıϣĿƽĿǰڵڷˣ֪ǿŮܷԼȥӦ֮ڷ
޾ĴֲľԼǰ˿̸ǰУַҲĸܵڷĺ嫣Խ޷Խ٣ȴǳǿ󣬺ܶԼأԽǿռݵطΧҲԽ󣬲ַ
ںڷԵ֮رһЩ޳һЩС˳ѣΪĳǿŵ޳ķϵĺڷ޳Щ޳ȥ˵ƺڣѩ¹ҲҪͿ̿
ڣãַܵһƺĿ⳯ǰԶȥ˰ããѩϵڿз˻δȴѾܹܵƬѩصĺˣĺ䲻ͬһ䣬ܹ˶
ˣǰããѩ͵˸ܿ죬ƬѩϿգ漴建Ľ䣬ǺڷĽأ޵ĽأµҲֻƬѩߵʸĸԸ⣬ҲὫصУԸ⣬ҲҪ
ԶһЩţ߿һۣ˶ӵ¶𾪵ɫ࣬Ȼһ̤˽ء
ţԴһοصпֲʱ򣬱Ƭس޾ĺ棬ǻϣܹʲôµգڿ˽̤ˣеȻǣȻࡣ
ַ棬һɱϢ˳˫ӶϣѩУ·֮ϵĿֲмƣҲַף˿̤ĵطӦþסĵطܿ죬ܹˡ
̤żİѩַ㻺ĳǰ߶ţַĺ棬̤Ĳѩ½ӡӡֻ˲ʧӰ١
ãַ㿴ǰһ޴ѩأ·̾һޱȿµޣ޴߳»һӴ
ѩַ㳯ޱȾ޴޿һۣѩ׵ë͵ϵѩ·Ϊһ壬ַ㿴ʱ˫޴Ҳַ㿴˹ֻһַۣ΢
ַɫһޱȾ޴ͨѩ׵ĺŮӡ
ݣ
ʱ򣬴ӵص׵дܳһСӰͬѩףַһѩ׵Ӱ˫鶯˫һֱ˲м£壬Ҳ̤ŵİѩٵĳַ㱼
飡
ַŲһ磬ǽСӰ˸ȥңޱȣ쵽˼顣
ˣռݺݵ£Ǿ޴ޱȵѩһŰ۵Ůӣޡ߸ϣ·һС
ַĽŲ˸ĽСҲڷĳַ㱼ȻǶݵľȴ·Զ޷һʼ޷Էߡַ·Զġ
ô¡ַͫ͵һŲͣɻﱼܣûо֡
ʱ޵ŮӶ£ʱϳһѩ֮·޾ľΨм䣬һѩ̳ɵĵ·
壬ûпַ㣬ַоԼԽԽԶˡ
ģָоģһֿµİǰȴַ·ޱңԶģԶܿ
Ůˣֲ̫ˡ
˵ֻҪ̤侳磬ڷ룬ڣѾ䡣ַ㿴֪ͶԷĲ̫ˣûжԷܽӽ顣
ֻ˵䣬ڷң˶ѡ߰壬䣬Ҳûκֵý֮
Ϊĳ嶯ַϣԥɱַ㣬ѩɡѩ磬壬磬һѪϣֻһѪ֮磬ӵѪѪ
ҪôַĿ⿴
Ӵ˿̿ʼ磬ֻһѩ֮·Ҫ磬·˵һǻӶ£ʱַоԼоˣҲûκε·һƬ磬ѩ硣
ǰѩ֮·ܶݣַ·޾ڵ·ľͷɼ·ֻҪܹ


0878 
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ÿһӡ͸ַļִţԤϵ̤ಽ֮ǵӰߣ·ֿɼȻǵľ֮ղţȴûаַ̣·ںη
ĵѩ·ƺҪ˾
ţʱַĽŲ΢΢һ٣˸һɺ嵱У嶼̲ס£䡣
ҾȻо䡣ַһ¶ŵɫΪѾ̤䣬ܹܵ¶ȵĸߵܹ͡оȣȻ־磬ֱ嵱еĸоѾܾûйˡ
侳ǿߣк嵱Уɼڲ֪Уѩ·;еĺжôǿҡ
ȻֻͣƬַ̣ĽŲٶ̧ôĳȣᶨޱȵ̤ÿһ
ԽԽǿңַûбѩûк˪ֻһ˿˿ı⣬뵽ַڣַ˹ѩ·ֹģͬʱ̺ޱȿµĺ֮塣
⣬ŲĿʱƣڲͣļӾ硣
֪˶ٵַ㷢֣ѩ·ľͷɺ͸ղһľ룬Ȼ֮ңȻȴİңԶƺͲܵѩ֮·ı˰
ˮ鶯һֱ˫Ӵŵۣƺַ㡣
Ȼÿַ㿴ʱжôĺ䣬۽ŲжôĳأȻ޷˵Ŀ
ģǹɿµĺ֮£ַ壬΢Ĳ÷Σֻѩ·֮ϣŻףֶô䡣
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ûа취ֻܻعͷַ㣬ṳ̂ͣŽŲȻַѾˣֻҪͣǹɺ⣬Ҳͣͣ£ĽŲֹͣζߵѩ·ı˰ζ顣
ѩ·ʲô·޷˵ȥֱ£ߵѩ·ľͷ
ʱڻƣǿµѾʵʣַðõ͸֮⣬˿ַĽŲѾýӲ嶼ѾĺҲü·ÿһӣҪþ
ѩ·ģַôߣԶоͷ
ַҲףĺǣģÿһһĸо飬ֽһ
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Ӳ˫ƺ޷֧ƽȣַˤ˵ϣȻַֻһЦ̧ͷˮȥʱ·ֳ޾ٶֻҪڣԶͣ½ŲǹõĺѾַ嶼ס
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磬֪ΪʲôΪɣѩ𣿡ʱĿˣĿһ漴ѯһ
ѩһ壬һֱһ˵磬Ϲʱڣɣѩ֮ѩãΪѩ磬˵еĺӣۣ۵ѪдѪãǺһѩϣһ۵Ѫֻ䣬żᵮһ壬ҲΪѪɡѩ磬㣬ѩһŵѪ۵ѪǴ˵ɵĺˡ
˵ţѩһԶŴ˵ڴ˵нһУûܹαɣڴ˵УȻûлɹѩλһģѩ磬Ǻɣ۵Ѫ壬ӵ޷ȵδ
磬ӦڵʥжôҪǣ㾹Ȼһϣ㾹Ȼʥɸһࡣŭţ߹ȻֳŤ֮ɫһַһһ
ֱӽַɱֲܣʥɸַ㣬ԣַϧܽʥֱȡ򼴱ַģҲϧ
ʥֻѩһߣѩܹ
ءֶ֮ϵҡͷ̾ϢʱĵĲʥ᲻Ϊַ㡣
ҵɱҲܣ㶼ѾʥһʲôĿĮĵǣһͨͨ࣬ôʸõѩһӣѩ硣
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ȻѳΪӣôѩһ壬ˣƽĿⶢѩ·еַ㣬˸Ϣڼǿ޾Ʈַ嶼סַ̤ÿһо°ʯ㡣
뵽嵱еĺַѪⶼҪᣬҪסַڵľֿµĺ֮£Ҫ
ɺʵ̫£޷赲ַ㣬Ѿ֪Լܹټּˣ


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ڵϣȻܾô̧ͷĿ⿴һǽСӰԼϹĮĽŲһο˳ȥÿһ·͸֧
ʣַ㲻ϵ˵ʲôȻַ㿴ܹµ
ȻҸһ·ζ·ܹ̤˰ģˣ֤ܣԶҪټ磬ҵĻԶҲɱ㡣һ뵽ַĶĤУôȻǴ³ġ
˫ͫ׷·ֻпʱŻָ仯ַ㣬ĿԶô䣬䣬ûκС
ѩ·ܹ˰ġ
ַ֪Է˵ĻǼ٣ĵѩ·ǿ˰ģַֻмȥ˵ˣԷԶټ顣
ַĽŲúÿһ̤ǶҪµļ־Ѿˡ
˫ѾӲ·𱻶ˣ޷ٶַֺ㽫ȫԪתħȫڽϣǰС
ܿ죬Ĳ˫֣ľҲĶᡢԪ޷ԽԽǿĺסڸҲֹͣУסˣ˿ַ̣·ͣ漴ĺüѣıϢ
ַ㣬ͺһһΨĿ⣬ôļͣԴ˼ĽŲȻڶޱȼǿľʹǰж
ɫ΢΢ˣ˲ָֻ糣ģĻҲ˲ܹ˼ǿ־
ϧַֻһͨ࣬һС䣬磬ȴѩһӵѪ֮һֱںڷУʵΪ˱ѩһѪ
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һޱȷŭַĶĤУ֯һַ͸һޱȱϢĻϲӡԼĺж飬²һǿߣ׷ȴû뵽˵ıֱ̬硣
·ȺڲϵıԹȫ͸䣬ħĸֱС
ַ³һ漴ʹǰУٶȼѸͣؼ䶼һ쫷磬죬·˶Ҫѹ
ȻʱȺжֻǿҵڴ֮⣬ڰ棬ַһҪɱħ
չ٣óٶȴȫ׷Ѹͣܿ죬ַѾܹԶܵӰˡ
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ַ㣬αˣȻ磬˭Ҳ˭ҪΪһЩ϶ܾˡַܵϵĿֲɱ⣬˵һɴЦ
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ѵĵֵסĴ漴ĿӰ٣צɱȥһҽ֮Ѫ죬ޱȵצֱӿֱϣַ˵ҪɱһצֱӽԴץˡ
ˣֱ۽䳯ַķ˦˳ȥѪֱ۱ץѣַǰԶ
ַϵıɱ⽫ס·ҪǧУʬҲϧ
סʹĿɨַһۣȻ䶯ַɱȥ͸ſµɷĵ㻹ΪԼжɣ侳һأɡ
ݡݡݡǰɱһɷһµУУ漴͵ĳԱһ˦ֱӳַɱȥ
䣡
ַһȭɱÿռ¡һ죬µȭͷޱΪ侳أһս˿̾Ҫƴֲַټħϴӣͭǽڣޱȼǿǿʢޱȡ
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ַľ벻ϺͽɫСü֮âһĹȻ䳯ǰ˳˵죬ڽɫСϣ΢СҲ˶٣ֻһ˲ַѾϣ˵һɫСס
䡢䡢䣡ӲܵɫСƺڹ漫ĲַĻǲѡ
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ַһμֹ͸аңƺⶫȾ䣬ǰ޲磬ޱȡ
а顣ٶַԺ𣬶ԷƺڵģԶ˽
а飡ַ˸а֮
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ҵԻûа취׵ĿǿߣֻӰ졣
εģַʡ
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ַԺа齹ַ΢ԭƬռģֲĴǿߣսϺȻƬռ䶼ŲߣȻӡռͼ棬ҲõǷͼֿµ̫ͨˡ
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ַ⻰ҲһЩû̫а飬ȻĻѩ¶Ծѡ
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׵걻ʱܱһƾ꣬ܿûĳ䣬˵ѾƬռ䡣аַԺٶַĿһ׵ۣû͸ܻḴȷǸܡ
㲻ң׵ۣҿָ˭˵ߣ㶼ϳУԺҪ˵ĻҲ԰㡣а鲻ͣĶַ˵Ϊܹȥַ


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ղŲ˵޷𣿡ַɫһ䣬еĺɫٶǿյаҽ
޷ǿߣ֮µһܹƵġа麿еַԺ
֮µˣߡַ㿴Ż浱еĽɫСˣһ
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аҵĺַԺַЦľ
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аַԺУһƽɫĹ⻪˸漴һƽƮ֮а·ӵήҲˡ
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ήҲаٶȷޱĺҾ徣аĿַЦȻɱΪа飬˲ڻ浱з𣬶ңа֮ȼգ൱Ƿ˵꣬ܲʹа龹ҪĽթƭȥ
һĲл͵˳аһƾ֣漴ûַüַ֮һץаסĵԺ֪κıƣɡ
˵գַ㳤Ӷа

ַ㺰һַߣַ뿪
֮³ǣһλǿߺΪԵޱȣ
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Ϣǰ˹ųǵУǲһҪǲܹġ
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ųǵһַѸٵת򣬳ֺڵķ򼲳۶


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гѪսĳŻʹбȥƺҪߵϢػʹ֪ЩǵѣǵȻҪٶȽȥ
ȻǵжעǶˣٶȺ֮ѸͣûйþѾݳǵĻʹĿŻʹȥͷһÿ£Ϣ
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񹬵ˣַˣ
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0889 
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䣡ױȵϣһɫս׶˵ַݻ٣ֲһȭ±ѣš
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0890 ұ
һ̣ΧȫַԺĳ֣ڰ統Уһɫ쫷ڲϵľţܹ쫷ÿһ̵Ĺ켣һģĺڰӰ˸ƺ޾ȻֻһӰˡ
ӰҲڲͣ˸ÿһ·ܹӰַ뵱УȴһСڲϵһ
ǹһĨЦŰַϣɿ˿˿˺֮Խ֮µֱ˺Ѷ侳ؾǿߣһ֮䶼˺ѷ֮־ַϽɱš
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˶ԷȷʵȻ˷֮ɱ֮־ǷǳֲģһƵķӰΣȻԴķȴɽ⻹ֻȻ֮磬ǿΪƣ֮ѹɱ֮Կ£ַܹǿѹĻ籩һĹ
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һɣһɱ鷳ַ㿡ݵϴһĨЦЩ֮ĥ˷ˣõֶ̫࣬඼ǷǳֶͨΣսĥ򣬸а
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һɱһˣ侳صǿߣ˲䱻ַУ磬ӳֵʱ䡣
֮һȻ涪ˣȻֻ侳֮ˣôַҪ߳磬Ȼȴַ˲ɱûУֱַڴ񹬵
ݳǵ˿յеǿսɵһϢǾַʵÿ£ղ޾֮ǽ־˵ͨҪ侳򣬵ַƺѾмߵ衣
񹬣һȺٸһЩʱ䣬ɱɱһַָָ񹬵ķ˵֮գ񹬣ؽһ

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ħʯɱֲķħ֮ţת֮⣬·ҪԷеĽɫ⻪Ϩ
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ͬʱɫͷȻһȻת漴Ϳǰüֽ߳ʺ
ҡͷſֲˣͬʱһԷȻȴԷü֮һ貵ĽâޱѸ͵ûüģһ͵ҪջأȻѾˣսΣգɱ֮﹥ȥǱκηˡ
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0893 죬һ
ƽӲħˣַ㾹Ȼҽ⿪ħȻͲħѵַͲвɱȺ
ħԣǳħе̺ǿħǰ˾ǸµħͷǸ߽ߣʵ죬еĽ̺˿µħħ̴档
ˣѵͲ¾Ⱥŭһħÿ£ַдħܹ⡣
ַɨһۣ͸֮ɫ³һ֮㲻лġ
ħ
ַ㻰£ƵͻȻųһµĺڰ·һ·ƵƯ
ħַչؾħʯΪƿطħʯеһƷħַ֮Ѿܹˡ
ַ̤գͷŹħƣħǺɫ·ҡϣħĽ̺һħԷɱͬʱַϣһ貵Ĺţ·Ԫ۶ɣȴޱȵȺЩǷ·𿴵ַ˵Ͽһ޴ķ֡
ַ㣬ħ֮Լħħ־ʴ
⡭ĿһҲַϷ·һ޴ķ֣ڽԼħ
ôܣַ㣬ôӵзħʯⲻ
ʱַ㣬յУħƷѩƮƮ𺳵ľħַУ쿴һ˫ͫ׳ɵͷ΢΢£ַѹǰԵ
ҺΡĿ䣬Ųһ磬˫Żķ籩ûгַȥǳŵɱȥҪɱ¿յȺַںޣȻҶħ
ַ䣬Ʈѩϵɢ趯ħ趯·յп̻ʲôһһƺܻÿһʣռ䶼ľ磬ɱ֮·һһж̺콣֮⡣
ţ¿ɱȥĿһ漴̧ͷգɫ˲òҰ¶һĨȻ֮ɫ
ôܣ
źַ㣬̻һһ·̺ʥƵĹ켣񹬹죬Ҳֻ˵ʥƣȻ˿̵ַ㣬ǿ̻ɱ켣̺֮һһ䣬пµĽɱųǴеʥƹ켣ַ㣬Ȼ޷˲ʥӳµĴͨȻȴܹ̻ʥƹ켣ʧɫ
侳һأַ㣬Ž侳һصΪѣȥ˵á
ַ̻ʥƴӺζӹɣһؾУַ粻ܵõʥơ
ûʥƣȷǳؾǲƵĽʯ֮ϣ̻Űʮһ켣ͼַ˿̻ģ֮һɱ˼˼УֻΪһʥܹġеĹ켣۴֮֮
һУΪ񹬵׼ģ죬ײˡ
ϵħŭţͣƬ̣ƺЩɣȻַΪһأħ֮ʥ֮жǿ
ʱЩսȺֹͣǶĶַ㣬һһؾǿߣȴҪĹҪΪ
ߡŵĻ˲ɢΣŲ̤ȻʼߣΪ־壬ַ㽫Ҫŵıɱһ
ַûпӶһĹʥƵѩƮַֻԿֲٶӴܵʱ򣬾ȻƮѩУû뿪һ
䣡
ԼҲһĻͷƺһ·һѪҪӿ³
ǣʲôֶΣ
˵㲻лģȻˣԶ°ɡʱַһ£̧ͷַ˵һһƬ֮ա
ɱ
ַһȣط·һףħƺ¡ըѣħӶʥƹ켣Ŷռ֮Уһ޴ɱŶɱַ·޾۶ɣӳһؼɱϿֲħȺ˫ȷ
ɫ䣬죬͵һɱЯֲħû壬ſ콩Ӳ漴ϣһޱȵɱӡţ壬ʼ߽⣬ɱ֣ѡ
񹬹죬ַУ
һĻĵġ
ַ㣬ħʣһɱ죬ǳ˼̻ʥƵӰӡȺԺУҲ޷ĥ
ַ͡ϵķħڱʴȻԼϿ·ħϾԶħʯ޷סħʴ̫ãһħʣħʯѹзħҲʼɢַĿ˸ϷħĹ漴ʧ
ѩҲıϡ裬ıɢգҲŹħһɢȻղ𺳵ĳȴ·Զ޷ȺļĨȥ
񹬵ǿ߳ʱַ㣬ûǻŻȥȫҪ
ȺսռžԵϷ磬˿ֽ̣Ĩɱ˴εĴսû
ַɨЩ񹬵һۣһΣҲ˸ַֺ̫ˣһ֮¿ַܵ㣬һأɱ۷壬ֶΣš
ˣѾɥʧ־
ͷѩӥĿ˸ޱ𺳣ַӭսַԸʵҲַ֪кֶΣ˿ǲŷ֣ǵӵޱȿµͨ
请һδ请䣬γ请岻ǿ
请ѩӥǷ·ַܹվ۷龰أһ۹


0894 а
·ѩ֮ˣȵħɢѩƮʱȴûа취ƽ
ѩ¹Ⱥƽǿ߶޷˻ս˻޾ĿֶͨΣǼֱ޷ַħһһ۹ɱ֣ǺεȿµֶΣ
УΪҪӶ뿪ʱȴ·һֱƬѩ֮أ
ЩǶ޷⡣
޷⣬񹬵Щǿ߶ףַΪλǿֶΣôģһĨɱ죬֮£˭档
ȴַ֪һĨɱ죬˺εֶΣǿֲħס
̻Ĺ֮ʥ֮ʥƣǸʵǧǰ߽̻ģǿ߶Բ֪ǿ١
޷ӶݵַͨõʥִƬѩصü˲ܹǿ۳һƪѩ֮컯һʱ޷ߣ漴һĨɱһ˿ƿ뿪Ͼʵ̫С̫࣬Ҳǿ
ħֲֿͨء
ַ֮ϳ׵ȥֻĺâɨЩ񹬵ǿߣ³һ֣ɱ
ַ㻰£ŭЩʼɱѪڣ
񹬵Ѿȫûս⣬ü˶ʼܣȻӵùôֻ·һ;
ѪϵĴ䣬޵ĲҽһһѪȵɱ֮˺ƵΪַ׾٣Ϊܶ˶Ϊ̫ʦˣȻҪһλ񹬵ĹΪؾбӲ
˭뵽ֶ֮˶ԣұһǴûĽûа㿼ǡ
ַ㣬侳һص϶ѣȻϣˡ
һλ񹬵ǿ߱˺ѵʱЩΧһƺûоˣѪսɱʹ죬ǵѪȼķӵǿҵսۣܻڴûɱʹ졣
ˡַ㵭³һЩ޲㰲ַ㿴ЩĮ˵һʱ׷ңľҲѩɣȻһո֮£ԶѩС
ַĻ˫˶ųһĨɣ廯Ϊˣϻ˿˿â
лҲѩӥһƺַ㣬ܹѩȻˡ
һЩŴǳĽˣԺձѩ档
Ҳлᡣַ㿴ޣƻӶѩٶȸ֣ЩһͷɥѩУаԺһҪúñ֣Ҳʹһַ⡣
ͷѩӥ򶼻صַߣΡ
˴֮𣬵µ֪󣬻иǿ֮˳֣ҵģ񹬻ߣҪҪءһͷѩӥַ˵ַԽǱֳ𺳵츳ǷںַİΣַ㣬Ҫʱ䣬һزֻۣҪʱ䣬ַ츳²ܳɴ
ȵ񹬷Щûлȥ¾һʱˣٵȼգһῼǵġַӦ˵ѩӥĵĲ޵񹬵ǿٶʧ٣Ĵ󹬾ֻʣһˣȻǰʵħ֮ҲԸߣһǣħ޷һֱʹã佫Լħħɻḯʴħ֮⣬޷ȫħħ־һʱ˷ħʴҪٶȶħˡ
ַ㣬鷢Ļ᲻࣬һɱ
֮£ֻûз׵ˣҪĴԣ²ҪΣգ֮˵ıҲˣΪĻΣַ¿յȺ˵ʱ˶׷׵ͷҴԣһԼױˡ
Ǳ֪ǴԣȻʣǾΣˡ
ַ˵գ˻֣Ųһ磬뿪յУŻʹеľ̤ۡȥ
ʹе˴඼ⳡ嫵սȴУַʵÿ¡
Сšַˮߵԣһ
磬ԽԽˡСһЦ¶ѡ
СţΣյʱ򣬼ˣүүһҲ֪ʵô£ӦҲʶ㣬㿴һ
СַĻһЦ֪үүַһ㱣ҲУΣͻᴥ޷Լá
ַֻ˻֣һɫС˳ַǰ
а顣Ŀһû뵽ַϾȻа飬ⶫǷǳǿ겻ܹԼа飬ϡ١
ţа飬ܲʳ˵ΪСַ˵ͷ
ŵ˵ͷһаֶΣᣬǿ֮˶аԶ˵壬аʵǺͶһġ
ᡣַ˸漴аռ˱˵壬᲻ᾭ壿ֶκͶᣬûʲôͬ
ȻͬǶȡ壬ֱĨԷһһĿƲǿ޷ȫסԣһʳ᲻һӵİԵֱӽԷĨȻԶ֮ںǾ壬ֱ׵ںϡ
аǲлʵȴһȫ˼άҲһġ
аѡһֲŻʱ壬ѡڶֻ߶ģͲỻˣѡʱǳע⣬һѡǳõȫռǾ׵ںҲҪһʱ䣬ԳǿΣ͸壬ǲỻġ


0895 ֮
ַ㰵ͷĿ˸а˼ǣʴ˵壬һЩǿ߶ʱ򣬶ῴԽǿԽãȻҲҪǲУĻ֪˭Ĩɱ˭
һռ壬ͲٻϾ׵ںһףҪٻҲǳ鷳
һǿ߻ǱʣµһƾδɢֳɳȻҪΪģȵʵ׳һȡõ𣿡ַаʵ
Ȼͨ˶ᣬȵʵ׳ҲҪõ׳Լʵ
֪˶ᣬֲ뽫Ĩɱûʲô취ַĿⶢŽɫСˣʵ
ɫС΢һգգĶַ㡣
ַĿֿСţСŸϣؼʶǳ㣬Ӧû֪顣
СţûҩЧáַʵ
磬˵ǣ֮СŻӦһ֮ᱻͬʱⲢʲôֶΣԶ˽ˣһԣ֪֮Ĵڡ
ԣȷз֮ԴﵽҪáа˵һȻֱַ㣬ַз飬ĻͲˡ
ģҶûʲôȤַƺа˼˵аЩƵĶַ㣬һƲҲЩ
ַ֮Ŀ˸ԭֶο˵ģʴаǾС
֮˵һֶε˶ǷǳǿߣΪܹˣǳǿߣֻǿʱжᣬǿߣٶ䣬ˣ߲Σ˻֮ΪҪõ
ֿ˵ַͬĵ˵ͷǿ޷Ҳͱ۶ˡ
磬Ҫӡ֮ѩ򣬿²ܵõ΢΢ҡͷ֮ߣ˻
ַ΢΢ͷ漴¶һ˿Ц⣬ŵԴСѾͷҶҪࡣ
ʲô֪ĿңȻûиǻ֪ٶġŵЦ
磬ȥæİɣȥҶ㻹ؽ档ƺַ֪£תת漴Լ뿪ˡ
ɵѾͷַһЦ漴һӣаŲһ磬ַʧԭأһֵ̳ʱַѾڼλѩӥǰ
ѩӥַĺһ̬ǰƺ˼ģַδ䣬ǰ请ǶַأǶַݵأص̺һĨ
ѩӥ磬ܲϵءַ㿪żɽֱ˵Լ⡣
λѩӥͫĿ˸Ĭˡ
ַ㿴ǵķӦ΢΢һЦҲ²ûǿ϶ܹϵأ𣿡
ǵȷܹϵأȻΣʱ̣ǲϣõᣬԣءһѩӥַȰַΪ请һ䣬أȻַһЩʩġ
ھҪϵءַ㿴ѩӥ˵
ѩӥ˵ʲôȴֱַӴϵ̡ϣ
ѩӥ磬кҪ飬Ҫϵء
ѩӥ໥ӣЭĵ˵ͷãͲ֮
£ѩӥߴλϸۿվλãԱ֮ƶǵм䣬һž
ֻѩӥ˫һȣͬʱŷӡǣϵĴյУǹžһӡŶ˿˿Ĳ
ͣ͡һɫĹ⻪ŶֻѩӥȻͷųԼлۣ֮ƣյУ·ߵȻĺڵϵĹž֮ϣʱľУ·͸һ
Ϊѩӥһȣž͸ںΪһ壬յУȻһĻ棬Ư·һž֮
ʱ֮Уһλ˵ӰĿ⳯߿·ַһˣȻ请䣬ѩߡ
ַ㣬ѩӥ֮㷢ʲôˡ
ַͷһ漴ǰ֮ǰ˿ѩӥƺܳԼ֧֮
ʦҪһ׷֪֮ûУַѩʵ
˶ǿߡ˵һַ˵֮뵽˶ᡣ
ô˵ɣڼַ֮ͷ
֮ûԵƬ̡ҲǼĹϣ£˲ʧӰ٣չžһˣֳããѩɽ
ַվ֮ǰĵȴţ˲û̫ãչžһ˳һӰͬһλˣȴѩߡ
ַ̲ס΢΢һû뵽ʦղ뿪Ƭ̣Ȼȥˣ˺Ȼǣ䣬ˡ
ַ㣬㲻Ҫ˵˿ַƺҪֱӴϵѩӥչž֧Ų˶ãҴ֮ÿˡ
˵գ˵˫ֿʼ֮һ˿̻յп̻ÿһһУ̺һΰⲻʥ֮켣
ͬʱһƮַԺУڴ֮Ŀھ
ַһ˿ţʼǿ״̬˺һĿ֮һеÿһһһ̺ȫӡԺȥ


0896 棬׵ۣ
˵Ķƻʵ̵ʱ̻֮켣ãͣĿ⿴ַ㡣
ַ㣬úһ
꣡˵Ļ£֮ѵʱյеӫĻʧѩӥջأ漴ϥղȻֻǾ˶ݵʱ䣬ȴķѼ
ַҲı۾˿̻һһϵԺй롢طţҪ֮ԺУҪ̺һƵ⡣
ʱַ׿һУȫ״̬ܹĳɾͣԽսҳ㷹ǿٶϵ츳ǿԵǿ󣬶Ծ򣬶ͨ
ãַʱĿһ⣬ѩӥϥַ㰵֮ǳĲףѩӥΪļ
յʧַ֮Ŀ˸£ʦԲҪԣһڣʦûκεԥ˲ȥ붯صˡ
˵̬ƺҲЩԤϣֻƬ̾ʦһˣҲ˵һϻֱӴ֮
أأԶԼΪһЩȻҲУҲ֮ԣ̰޷ž
ַһЩʱ̣ȵѩӥһѵʱַŰȻ뿪ߡ

ʹеһԺ䵱Уֺκ̨֮ͤУƺʲô
ռʶַĿֲʵĸļοַĿֲս߲˿棬Ȼȴϣַ㾭սϾħ̫ΣˣħһħƷ侳һصֺҪڵأ˵ַһʹħˡ
ַΪһģͬΪһأɼжôΣգˣַħַ޷ѹħ֮ǰˣгһַܹ޼ɵʹħӳµǵȻá
ʱ˵ĿͶԶϹǣţƺϢ
Դһλ֮ͱüİҹſһЩʱȥȻƺԸǡ
ϹޣҲΪΡ
סĸסʱյУһӰ˲併̨ͤԱߡ
ֺκɿַ¶һ˿Ц⡣
С㣬ôˡ
˳ҪַֺκЦסĸף
ֺκһַۣôôأѵʲô֮²ɣ
˿˿֮⣬Ǹַһңȴַǵסĸףǻǵ˼һռ䶴ڣԿ뵽һƬɳĮռ𣿡
ȻǵãǰһƬռѵһЩˣκɻӦ˵
ǰյĻ֣֮ΪƬռģԼȺǴƬռַ㿪˵ʱκɺֺһЩһЩаǿߣȻƬռ䡣
˼ֻ֣еһȱڣһȱڣǾǴһȱгġַ˵֮ʱȡһͼͼڵϣ澹зħʯѹš
һƬռ磬⸱ռͼͼһռ䡣
ַָͼ˵κɺֺ𺳣ͼһռ䣿
ͼֻһͼѣôӵ˼ֵġκɸе˼飬̫ˡ
ҲĸףҾˣͼպħʯѹһȱڣǻʹΣգƿħʯҶǽ⸱ͼС
ַûкκ˵̫аƬռλսĿռ䣬Ǵۻɱ׵֮󣬽ƬռŲƽռͼУҲյ˼֣ƬŲƽͼĿռ䣬ΣҲֻ֪ܲ²⣬ڴ½ЩĪ֮£ڵ޷Ūס
ţС㣬ǽУô죿κɿַ
İɣûô׳µģңҲֻԷһҸϣͼһֱòϡַЦףʵǿһЩȽɡ
ַ˵ͷŷħʯͼ봢ָУַһĸԼҶǵİοٲҪʱǣˡ
סĸףûзΣ飬㲻Ҫ˴¡ַ˵һӵһĿռͼǴȥȻһ䶯һϡ֮
һЩµǿڣ֪һλ£ҲͼĸȤ֪˻ԽԽá
߳ңַɨһԺ䣬漴Ŀ˽ǵϡ
Ųַ㳯ȥƬ̱㵽ߡ
ƺַ֪㣬ɱţǡ
ַΪĮ³һ
ַĻɢ˶˫ַ㣬ƺЩˡ
ַûпĿһ䵭˵һ漴תȥ
Ȼȴһַһξɻſ
ַŲһͣ漴建תĿһɫû𣿡
˶˸£ַƬ̣Ż
ַٶ̤ƺܲԸĺţһַ뿪Ժ䵱С
ַһУеĹâѤǾۣ֮ǳ
ߵݻľϣַ㳯߽濴һۣĿɱ
֪Ϊʲô𣿡ַĮ˵һ涢ַҡҡͷʾ֪
棬ǰһֱǸҵģҺһϵҲ˵ʵһֱƿһСַ㻺˵ĻƺͻȻ͵һ
ַƺûпķӦԹԵ˵ţȻڲǰҺϵͻȻˣҲ˵Ļ꣬Ĩˡ
ֱվǣĿⶢַ㣬͸һ֮Уı䡣
ʱַҲվĵ׵ۣȻ޵Ϊȣʵַ𺳣


0897 Ű
ַĻëĿ⺮Ͼл˳
ȴַһӣʱյгһɫСˣַĮʵа飬ȷһΣǲ׵ۡ
ɫС΢΢ƺܿ־壬ֻ׵۵һƲлɵа飬Էȴܼ̳׵۵һУգֻǶԷһ֡
ǵġаĶַУַ䵭ĵ˵ͷų֮⣬ΣٻϹȥȻ֮ɱ˻ȴû˰㷴ӦϵˣʱַѾ֪棬Ѿˡ
ֻֿܣҪôа顢Ҫôа˵ģ׵ۡ
ַ㲻ɫа͵͵ı£а͸׵ۣԵа飬ԻǵĲ
Ȼ֪ǱۣҪΣ
ʱ³һ߰䣬˫УҲǸ߸ϣʣ·ס
ַۣһЦãû뵽һȾգҾͷۡ
Ų˵գŲһ磬͵ϺݺݵĶ£ʱͷų貵Ĺ⻪ϡյУ·һ·ڲͣţתҫ۶Ŀ
һʱ䣬嫵ĴУͺɫڽ֯ƣһɫ
֮׵Ŀһ͵ڿնȻֻ͵촫һ貵ĺɫ⻪㽫ס漴һƹ⻪ǵÿһ䣬ε
ҶԱ۷顣ַŭĿӣĿ䵽˸оȻ׵ȻѾǣޣȻһŭ֮ȴ͸ޱȵϣݺ֮ʱϣȻַʵǿܶ࣬Դ˿ϣϢĸо
ߡ
ַĿзâ˸ҲñĵӺһ׵ۣһͷޣ˶ѡ
׵۷ŭ𣬻ķųɫĹ⻪ſ޴͵һ磬ʱһɿµĻ͵˳ޱϹޣǿ˿ټ׵֮𣬸ǿֲޱȣַȥ֮ʱ·Ҫռ䶼ա
ַŲһ磬շ쾭֮ţ޾ķ֮ҪһУֱӳɱȥ³Ļ׵ȴ޷ֺ
׵ٿֲҲֻǼϡ
ҹȥַŭһƣһɿµķħ̺֮У͵ĳĴһը֮µķħϣѹħֱӽĵ˵ϣùݺݵһ
ңۡ³һŭ֮ȴһɿµķħѹ͵ĺϣҲ
յĴۣûӦһϵ˵
ǻʻǵۣҵַ˫ӡʱһ⻪˫з裬汻ǺɫĹ⻪סĿĶַӡɫѿޱȡ
𡭡зһ޺֮飬Ҫ׵۽з飬УԺôֻۣӵһ
ƬռΪòõѡ棬ϾϹޣҲǼϾһͷǴֻۣһɶѡ
ٺҲûáַ˵ӡƵͷų貵Ĺ⻪촽ҲƺڵŷھеӡҲԽԽ졣
󣬻֮⣬һͼ
飡
ַŭһ˫͵һ漴Ľϣʱǹɿµ˲䣬·׵Ϲ˸嶼ס
𣡡淢ʵŭ𣬷·һڲȻַһħȥû漴ǿµķֱûڣûԺУ͸ſµķ֮Ϣ
飬ԶķУڣڣ
гһܹ飬׵ۣ档
Ҫɱ㡣˫ŭĶַ㣬ǹɿµַ
ȻַĿɺ䡣
ɱң˵˸׵ۣӣҵַĿ⺮䣬һħϣſ˵ϡ
𣡡Ĺʧ泯ַ˹ȥȻſ޴ֱҧַ㣬״
ַһźݺݵϣʱһη˳ȥ
󲽿ַͷźϢһﾹȻԼǴۣúõһ٣ԺԲʵַ㻹ָдôء
죬ͱŰһشˡ
治ٶȳַȥյĴۣƽȻܵ裬޲ýַ̻
ַȭͷ͵Ļ˳ȥһϣֲҵһѣΣ漴ַּŲһ磬һźݺݵ˳ȥ氧һ͵ײ˴ʯϣôݺݵĲš
һɷħ֮ţַһ˲ߵߣһƾͺݺݵ˳ȥ¡һ
䡢䡢䡭һµȭͷϵĳкŰûƢϢ΢ſǣްȻһ衣
ۡۡۡҪɱҡַһȭȭûа飬Ҫһ׵ۺúýʵ˭ϴ󣬾ȻҿҪɱ
Զߵս֮ϹַڱŰ棬һԾԶԶˣапǼһôŭַ㣬óһͷèﶼһˡ


0898 ˵׵
ѩ¹ĻʹУڲϵĲţһ󰧺֮˷ԶȺΪĬļһ
·˺ܾһͣʱľУſڵϣŰ߰ѪϢ΢᲻ַбŰһ٣׵ήȥ
ַƣƺЩδ޾ûеطйýŰйһ
Ϣ΢棬ַĵۣұ㡣
˵գַ΢ʱһϷ˳Ȼܹѩ
ſڵϵĿ⿴ѩһۣͫһ¶Ѫ֮ɫѩ͸֮Ϣרı࣬ȻҪϡ
ַֻһӡѩϣʱѩųһĨǵϢĳǰȥס
ȵѩȥ졣ַĮ˵һʱѩдһ֣漴͵һ·һɿµ֮ų΢΢
ܽȥԲܽѩУǴǿߣȻóѩĲһǳķܹѩУԺ޷ѵѩˡ
뵽Ȼ˿̵Ϣ΢ַŰңﻹֵܹѩֻ֮һ⻪ţ漴ʧԶѩ档
ַ㿴һĻ΢΢һЦܸоѩж棬΢ѩСصַĴ
ѩȷһǳķѩ֮Щһ͸ʱʵѾб˼ȻԷǶΪ飬ѩûҪ˲ٵʵ
һպַŽ˳
𡭡澹Ȼһ޺𣬳ַ˹ȥ
䣡ַһ˳ȥ˦˻ȥڵϴַǿһƶ̺µ档
˲ͷĶַ㣬޲ҪַɱǧΡ
ңԺ㻹ҪߴܾãҲԶַЦ£Ŀޱȵı
һҪ³һһҪɱַ㡣
ҲҪҪʱ˵ַȻĵ׵ۣϹޣռ൱ڽҵɱұýĨɱǣһ۵ķϲɱ㣬Ϲ޵㣬㲢ôԿӦøжǡ
䣡
ſһŻ³࣬Ȼ˵ԼҪж̫ɶˡ
ڵǴۣ㲻Ҫ㵱ԴַŲһ磬ֲĻţʱ³Ļʧַ͸һɱϢ·һԲҪݺݵŰһ١
˻ȻûмֻǱĶַ㿴˶һ
ңģֻҪϣҾͻὫ㵱۶ԴһɳǿὫѩ档
ַƺ˼֣ȻԺͰһˣҪһЩĵˣΪ˾ҵΪʵ׵ۣ㲻ȴڼ켶ϵĹңҺúһʵǿҲǿջָ֮
Ρ³һ޳ܵĻ쵰ȻҪҪѹͻȻô
һҳ޺ַоЩԴͣתţһȻֻǸϣյĴۣӵд۵ļ䣬һޱȷıذ
һԵԺǹͬһɳαġַƺһӱú
Ҳ˵ֻǲͣĶҪԼǿʵȻ쵰ѹե𣿾Բܡ
ַ㿴ķӦƣαأ㲻ĹֶҲУյǿ󣬿ֲڲʥƻһǳɣŭһЩĳңʱܻѰûʲô취ǽȥ
˵ʱַĿ棬ĿİҲǵ֮񹬵ǿʱܻɱһŲãǾǱ
۵ȻзʥƻСڱ۵׾٣Ϊ£Ρ˵Ӳԣ͸ַ㡣
졣ַͻȻһһĿ⾪㵵Ŀַ㣬ֻԷͷſµĺס
˵˵Ǵ㲻ҪҪҲǴ۾͵ŰˣôҲǰصǿߣôֻҪмֵȻΪ鲻Ϊ˰ߣûмֵĻҲˣǳɱҲɣûʲôյĴۻûгɳˣ̫ϧˡ
ַŭȳÿһ仰ֱ׵۵࣬ĿɺĶַ㣬޲ýַˣҲòַ˵Ļʵַ㵱ǴۣΪõļֵĻὫɱ
ַ׵Լ˼Ƭֿ̣˵İɣô˵ҲǴֻۣҪܿͲôõԴãҲǿ󣬵Ȼǰ㲻ҵƿأҪҾǿǣҲŻҲǿ󡣡
׵ɳĬãַĿⲨ£˵ĳʵΡ
ߣнǿߡַ㿪˵һɿˣҲǰһˣַҪҲͱ
Ȼ֪βʥƺڵʵ޷õˣҪԸˣҪİ֮Ϊý飬ܹ˵ģҲûа취
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ַĿһ漴˵ͷã֮취


0899 ֮
ߵɳĮУһͷ
ַվƬɳĮ֮أĿƽǰһ嫵Ĺޱȣ͸ϻ֮
⹬Ȼʵַ֮أͼзһƬռ䡣
ʹܱ¶ǰƬռ䵱Уܹ˼ɵʹá
Ųǰַ̤Ŀֱ࣬ӳһпȥʹΪƿأȻ׿ʹڵĿء
âһַʧ˻Įռ䣬һ̣˹֮С
ֻһ˲䣬Ŀ۵ַϣһ̵Ŀռ·סˡ
ַ㣡
ַ㡭
һŭĺеȺ仹䣬Ķַ㣬Ǳûɣַ㣬Ȼҳ֡
¡¡һµϢŶɱ̹ǣ޲ýַնɱ
ɡַĮĺһһ޴֮ȺĤһַ㣬Ŀɺޱȡ
ˡȺӰ˸˲佫ַΧסˣһĮĵַ㣬㾹Ȼҽղǳȥڡ
çַĿ⿴ˣȻǵöԷ񹬵ǿߡ
֪𣿡ַЦһçɫһ죬Ȼϵã񹬵Ĺ
ǰմ񹬵һȺǿǰңȫնɱˡַ˵çɫһ漴ŵĵߣԲѣʵȻ䣬ôɱ񹬹һɱ㡣
෴ֻһͽնɱַһЦһɿµķħŶ
һ촫ħʯ⣬һɿֲħϢŶ˸оһɿµϢ֮
ʹѾƿһУҲɱǣɱǣڴˣ֤ǻãҪɱǡַһЦ漴Ųǰݡ
ַܵŵĹħȺȻһɢַǹǿµŸסȻַߡ
ַҲ˸ңʹöޱȣ˲ʧȺߵС
У
˺һʱȺȫ˸ַ׷ȥַܱ㻣סˣȻǹħȷǿʶħֲçǳ裬ַʱʹħͻأַħٶȳʣ¾һ
ңѸޱߣ˲Ϣ䣬磬ʹУɢķֲڸеȺֶַȫַ׷ȥ
Ǳ⹬УȻǱʲôã޷ȥǾֻеķݣǿɶ쵰ʹǵ岻ϻζҪ
ܿ죬ַ˸Ӱ˱˰֮أİ徧ʯͷһɹɿµ޼
ַ㣬ǳȥ
ַкƿ֮һѹȹˣϢ¡
ȻַǣһɿµķħתƵУҲһɹɷħ֮
䣡
ħƿնʱعһ𺳵ħͷݺݵһÿµĽַУôôµĽ
񹬵ĹڤҲˣç߿ַ㾹ȻܹѹסħħԣɵĿһͣѵַħնɱ񹬵Ĺ죿
ַĿתɨһۣ漴ħڿնһնڱ˰ϣ¡ı촫İַ̤֮ңȥһɿµţʱЩ֮ȫϯ봢ָУ쵽˼飬ͺһһ
Щַתǿ񱼣ħ񣬶Ⱥŭһҹ
ħռ䣬·ҪһУȺȫ˱ܿ˸ҵַ̤ң뿪תۼʧ
ˣǳҪ档˿Ⱥȫ׷ַ㣬˿̵ַ㻯һ磬̤ң쵽˼飬ȵ׷ϵʱַֻһĮĿ⣬漴ͿС
ַһĮ˵Ķ㣬̹ǣǶôлȥȻٵʱǾôĿŻţˣַסˡ
ȺУϽ޵ڤһַ˶оԼĻȻţȴֻ޵Ļںޡ
޵Ŀޱȸӣյѩµ֮ӣ̫޵˳߲˭棬ʱַϣȻַ㣬ȴÿһǿƵȺһŭȶҹŵ˸裬µǣȻܹѹħˣ
ַȻȥԼһЩ˶ôǿҵ鲨ڻĮе³Ѿħĺһʹһַ࣬б
ĿѾﵽˣ֮Ӧù׵Ǽһˡ
Ųַ߳Ƭռ䣬ȻٶȽ֮
ֱҵ棬ֱӿڵҪٰ֮Ҫһġ
㶼ңκΰ徧ʯԣֻҪǰ֮УͿԷӳǿ͸ǿޱȵţǴֻۣҪϣʲôò
ַȴûĿ˸һŭӵ㲻αۡ
ǲΣǴֶۣô࣬ǽЩ֮ȥô졣ַЩĵ˵֪Ϊ۵ļһжֶͨΣǱԸǾ͸ˡ
㲻Ҫұۡŭ˵һ
ŭٺ١ַ㺩Ц£㲼õʱ߰ɣÿѧһЩȻ׵ԸָһǸм
Ĭˣ˶Ķַ㣬̲ס³ָ㣬Σ


0900 Ĵ
ʹıԵ֮أһһ޵ͷԴƺʲô
צڵϿ̻ʲôһһȻûаУȻԱߵַо·ҪС
צ̻·ͺʥƹ켣ûн·֮ϡ
̻ͬʱ岻ϵƶţŻʹĹ켣ϵĿ̻һ·ʱĮɨһԱߵַ㣬漴ּɿ̻һָʵ߻ּϾȻñһһĿ̻
ⲻҲΪҵİΣ𣬽ʹ߹Ҫһɱַ㺩Ц˿һһ£ܶӣаյĴ۹ȻһƢ߰ҪȻҲֻǽǶȲͬ׵ǴΪԸ˭ֻƽַ۸
İɣߣȱ۽ʹһ޴ɱʥƣһɱһ
Ȼ˵ʱеϰǰ仰;ҪַŰ
ַҲӻֻǺЦţͬʱĿһֱĶʲôʥƵ̺һΰ˿ȴƽ糣ûа㷴Ӧͺͨ·һƫƫо
沢ûн֮УûĲϣֻа֮Ļֻò԰Ϊɱˣɱʥơ
ַǻ쵰ҪʹĿ̻ţʹ֮ⶼһȦ̻ޱȾ޴·켣һ
һԵַԽԽľʹΧסʥƣ˾޴ޱȵʥǵһμжôǿ
ʥƱһֶּΣͨ߶̻һﾹȻ̻ôһ޴ʥƣ֪жôı̬Ǵǿ߰ڵΪĻּΣ뵽ַоЩ񺮣ȻŰۣԺΪһҪԶǰ棬Ȼĺܲҡ
嫵ĻʹһʥƣȻֻ˼ʱѡ
ַ㿴ǼһﾹȻ˫Ȼһƣɵ÷˷ۡ
ôˣַһ
Ҳп죬ջּ飬Ȼôáݺݵıַһۣ漴һֻצ֮ùҪ֮ˡ
ַܲԸĽָ棬ֺĽӹ漴ͷųһʥƹ켣֮ϣ̼䣬ƽޱȵʥƹ켣Ȼ˳·ϵߣ˲佫ʹΧס
ȡһö֮漴צֱ·Уֱַֻ֮У⻪һûʧͺƴûгֹһ
ҲС
ַ㷭˷ۣ֮п̺ſµİǿ̻ʥƵУȻֱû뵽ʧˣ·͸ȥһ̫ˣʥƵȻǿ̺֮ڵ޷⡣
ʥƿ̻֮Ķ࣬ѡŰ֮ϵ뵽ʥ棬ܿһС
⻪ɢһֶʹΧ·ʲôûһκε쳣Щ̻·ʧˣƺûй
ַ֮ȥ̽ȻҲʲôûз֡
ˣۿ̻ɱʥƣĻ߶ֲˣο㡣˵
ôȫˡַ㺩Ц¡
ϻѵɱֻۣҪһͱɡ治ˬĵ
ҡַЦɺ֣ܺ˹ָͷ
ʲô澯Ķַ㡣
ָͰ֮Ұɡַ㺩
ַŭĿӣ쵰
ַĳϡ쵰
ҪɹͷˡַදƣɵЦ¡
Ҳõɱʥֻɱߣǿ߽ɱ¾ϣӦŭַ㣬ַָ˹ȥ


ַ˲ԣֻɱߣɱ߲ɱ䣿
ҡڵ뿪ַ׷ȥº͵Ц׵ۣǴǿߣԸһЩ֮˲ֵ׾֮¡
߰ĵ
׵ۣЩǿѵϣⲻ𡣡
׵ۡ
ԶϵĴַ˿̵ޱƣʧ㰡һһ
׵ۣǳɱǻȷ棬ʱʲôء
쵰ŭ֮ԶԶƮûⱰ޳ܡӲŵĻ쵰Ȼָв޲ýַ˺ˡ

ַʯ̨֮ϣﲻϵæµţ¶ǳǳЦ⣬ͣתţƺڴʲô⡣
ǿ߰԰̻֮ɱʥƣ˶һֶο²֪ж٣ܹ׳һЩʹһƬʥأӦò̫Ѱɡ
ǼһƢְвҪ¿²ôףҪҪĹûţ̫ˣһȴõоץ񰡡
УԺһҪһ׳
滹æµſ̻ʥƺ󷨣ַȴյ
һЩʱ̣潫һжɨַһۡ
ˣַĿ˸£Цʵ
š˵ͷ
Ƕַ㲻˼Դ쵰ҧгݣָӻظַ㣬ŭۻ̰ͼ֮ɣڱУͨʯͷûʲô𡣡
ǵȻյĴۣⶫҶԿǱַЦ£æµôȥϢɡ
š߰Դ뿪һʧܿ죬һ䵱Уſ޴ͣȻһ³һЩʯȻǰ֮
ĴۣȻ͵͵˼֮


0901 
꣡潫һ֮Уֱҧ죬ƺܼѰ㡣
ǵһһҧ飬Ȼ󽫰徧ʯϵУ¶˿˿ʹɫ֮ɲô̵ġ
Զַǣʶ̿һȫӡ뵽ԺУɵһȻ
ҲУǼһȻɰ徧ʯ
漴ַЦҡҡͷɰ֮Էô˵ҲյĴۣ³ȷʵЩַ֪Է˰֮ҲȥǼһаҪ˵֮ʯͷȴ䵽͵͵ĲţַôоһɱϢ
³ַ㿪ʼо沼úõʥԼ󷨡
ͬʱǱߣδȥɵ˲̽ȴһޱ𺳵Ϣ񹦵ǿߣƺȫѩ¹
ѩ򣬲۹λѩԳԼѩ¹мش˿̣ڲ۹ʹеĳڣһӰھλϣȻȴǲ۹ľ෴۹ľλã͸һľη֮⡣
ʱһӰǰھλһ
ӰŲһ磬˲˴УǾλϵӰȥǳĹ
ѩ¹Ϣ񹬵˲ûнַס
ţһ͸һڻߵǿƣĿ񹬣춼ɳȥַ㣬Ȼûе֣
Σ
˵ǰѩ¹֮ˣѾȫɱ
ȫɱǿһͣȻɱ䲻񹬵ľǿߣ񹬵УҲһ뢣Ĵ֮񹬣Ȼһ侳һص˶û£
ǿ߲ˣ
û˵ص˳ݳǣ˵ַߵһЩɱġ˹ĻӦõϢҲͬǳɻַ㣬ģȻǰȥ֮ȫݳǡ
Ǿ֮λϵǿ߳Ĭ£漴ۻӶĿڵһ˿񹬵Ȼ֣Ǳߵõַ㣬Ҫٲ־ûôˣ֪ͨȥǰѩ£֮أ˲㡣
ǡ˹£ĵѩ񹬻ΪԼ֪ʵһжƿصУֻ֪ؾʲôʵıأûκεõ
Ǳһ֣Ҫٽɱ죬ַ㣬Ȼ쾹Ȼʧˣ񹬿ܻǲ֣߳ҪжˣͲôˡ
ûйã۹ĻʹУһӰ˸뿪Щһȫ͸ɲϢǿ
Ȼ뿪ãһӰڻʹ棬ĿɨǺƵȥӰ
ЩۣϲȻȻȫǶǿߡ
ַΪģѩƺһ벶ȸںĺϷǶΪԼֹ죬ȴ֪ԼѾ˶ס
嶢񹬣֪һЩؾĹϵˣ֪岻һֱ塣
յĿֻ꣬һַ㣬˵ַϿӵеر
Ȼʵûַ֪㵽׵õʲôʲôƾģֻԼĲ²⣬֪ˣʧٵʧ٣
ַ㱾˶ԣ֪˿ôǿ߶ڶҲ׻ĵŻ׵ۿʥƣ嫵Ļʹ
֮⣬ļַӲʩҪ׵۰˲飬СŹԪʹŨµԪˣĻʹлרıأ̺Ųͬ־־֮öɣ԰޸־
ַԸܹЩصип֣ʹӵмŨԪôأԺʹٶȾͻͽԴȻͨЩֶεõˣûԼȴ˸ʵ
ַҲʹеˣܹԼ;ʵڲУٽأкô
һգʹһ羰ŵԺ䵱Уַһϣѩɵſļͷ
ǰҶŻʣʱַ߿ŵĻʲڿ̻š
ܿ죬һͼȺǰСŶǷǰҶĻ۾һһģ鶯
Ҷ㣬Сŷĵĸпһַļͷѩ৵һ˳ȥ˵ϣҲһͼ鶯ɵ͸һ˿˿֮⣬Уһѵõİ꣬ΧľΪУļͷСѩ·֮ʣһһ̻˵Э·Ǳһ塣
ѩ˵ҶϣСצҶҶһЦ˼ͷѩһۣ㣬Զġ
ѩԴζţŶҶǳĿɰ
ַЦվǷĻ¶һĨ͵Ц⡣
ַ㣬
ʱһȽ˿̵ܰմһȷ·̺ſµŻʹȺĶĤһ̣˶
ַĿ΢΢һ̧ͷĺâɨһԶķһ⣬͸һĨĨɱ⡣
ô
ַеѾȺܾˣɱˡ
Ҷ飬ﲻҪȥַЦ£ҶǶ˵ͷ漴ַŲһ磬Ǻķ˸ȥ


0902 ǿߵĩ
Ƭַ֮Ųգʹ֮⣬ʱһкƵӰڲ֮ϣЩϣ͸һɺϢǿ󣬷·ҪȺΪַ㣬Ĵ󹬣񹬵Ĺ񹬵ĹԼһȺ񹬵ǿǰؾʧٲӰ
񹬵죬ƵݳǣҲӰ٣˵ѱַɱĴ񹬣ʣûܵʧ
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֮˿ַɲǣʱһɹɺַȥַܹĸܵǹɱ
ȺΪַ֮Ȼйһָߣѩ֮ǽ񹬵Уҵüߣǰ֮ˡ
ַ㣬ղ㾹ɱλ˵Ҹζ㡣ߵ͸һĨ֮⣬ַ̹ȻĿŶԷǰӦ˽⣬ַνȲѣȣɱ֮ˣ֮ˣҪѡ𣿡
һûѡɱ˶ˣұȻ޷ˡ㣬㣬ǲҲҪɱң߶ַ㣬ÿһĻж̺һ֮Ϣŭ
ǰҲ֪ûѡȻǰֻһ֮ԵҲǶָ֮Ҳɱǰˣϣǰȥɡַ㻺ڣƺ˵һƽ֮£ȻĻȴ֮ȫ
ַ˼ƺɱߣԼȥ
ŵļһֱԳƵϲûб߼ʡ
ߵĿҲַĿЩ֡
ţ߿ַ㣬ַ㣬Ȼ˵ɱԼ
ַ̹ΪҲԸһٱҲн֣֮ǰȴ񹬵ĶԹǲޣַ㲢ϣǰΪУ뽫ǰɱڴˣˣǰ뿪ɡ
ַ̹ûб΢û԰ֻƽ˵š
ؾõرǰȫɱɿ˺ڣʲôɱرţҵҪʶһ˵
ţ񹬵˻ɫһĿⶢַ㣬ƺȷ񹬵ǰȻɱټַ˻αװţܿõ˿µɱرףһ˶ַ
ǰԾڴˣһҪɱңҲ棬ػնɱ㡣ַ̹˵
߿ַ̾Ϣһϧڤ飬ɴ治ԸΪУȻվ񹬵ж棬Ϊ񹬣ұҪɱ㣬ã߹رҲҪʶһ
Ȼˣɡַ㲻ٶԣǸԶվԼ֮ϣıУǶԷִҪɱǼ㱻ɱҲֲַ㡣
߲δ֣ʱĿ⿴Χ֮أĮ˵λѾѶ񹬣ȻˣͲزͷ¶βˡ
Ļ£Զһƿ֮漴Ӱһ뽵յУѩ»ʹϿա
ЩһϢǿ󣬽̤գһս԰֮УȻǲͬһǷ
塢Ƕ񹬲ʱ˰ɡĮ˵ͶȻÿһһλߣɼַжӣѾףԷͶǣֻһֱĻҪ¡
ȻۼǰЩ˲޷ĻҲһǰһַߡ
ǺǣǿĹʥҲҪʶһȻҪǰΪۣ֮ŭַĿ͸˿˿ʣҲϿߵĲ²⣬ַ㣬һӵĹر
ҡĿȣ²⣬ʵܿܳˣַУһˡ
֪µĴУʲôؾУֵ׷ʲôʷӵʵĵͼΪλַ㣬һУգַֻܹҿ
񹬡塣ַĮĺâɨЩˣɱгһʱһһһݷãлǶַ֮
λߣ㾹Ȼ֮գ治֪˵Źǿ֪رܶԸߡĮһ֮ء
ַĮɨһۣĿűģ㶫˺˵ƵĻȻǶѾ֮ˣһ̣Ҳֵˡ
˵գַȻתŻʹ˸ȥ
ӡһʱ̤ʹУһһصĿֲƵУ˺ѿռ䣬һ֮·ҪƬռ䶼С
ɱͬʱߺ񹬵߶˲Ϣ̤ʹǿ߽󣬳ַ׷ȥǵҪʲôرַܹ㿹λߡ
֮ǿŵһ̣嫵Ļʹɿµ棬ɪһϢϢѹŻʹڲЩ־塣
ߣɱȺλµߣ⴫˵еǿߣζ
Ȼʱ򣬻ʹΧ·һ·켣ͷų貵Ĺ⻪ֻǶݵƬ̣һɶĿҫ֮𣬽֣ƬʹĿռ䣬ȫɿµĹУһз·𶼱ϡ
𡭡
䣡
ݡݡ
Хŭ𣬱˪죬Ʋ񷡢ڻʹУһɻŵ˵ͻȻ˵Ŀ£ֻǶ̶̵һ˲䣬Ƭضȫ޾Ŀɱ֮
ô£
λɫ˲䣬¶󺧵ɫ˲͸оԼϢסˣ޾ɱסˡ
صĻն˺һеѴɱȥԽɱռķ籩Ǿȫɱ壬һƬռ䣬һ̷·Ҫ
ˡˡȺ࿪ʼЩ֮ɸղŵűúȻЩߵˣڻ籩ģǸоԼѾҪ˺ѳɷˡ
ʲô˷ĺôܻôǿ
ˡǵ˲緢䵽޵Ԩˣ


0903 ޾ֻ
ˡˡʹУЩյȺҲڲѩµĻʹʱӵ˿µһ̣·Ҫض
ʥƣôܡǿ񱩵ĿռĴһֵĺѩ¹Ļʹʥɱ壬ɱһС
ַ㣡
ַ㡭һŭ֮ӷ籩ĴȴַɫĮȻĿеĻ籩ߣһҪ
£޾֮ɱȥҽ֮Ƭռķ籩ʲôˣֻлĿռ䣬ʥɱ徧ʯǶУ԰ӦֻҪ̤룬Ҫǵİ˲ͻὫʥƴеĻ֮ȫǶȥ
ɱŵһ˲䣬λߣȫ˺ѵɢ֮ǰп־塢Ҳвʣ츳йٹ⣬гһ̤֮λĤݣȻһ飬ڴˣһУ֮һһΣͻȻ
λ߱ɱ籩ֱӻ⣬ǿߵǿߣ֮ܳ꣬㲻ǻ籩Ŀ꣬ڷ籩ĵǣɱನ޷ܣͬ˺
ʥɱ󴥷Ķ̶˲䣬תֲˣ˲Ϣ
ķ籩ƽϢյǿӰʣµδ֮ˣҲһ˲ᣬĿ⺧ȻĿЩʧӰ
ˣôˣ
ǵĿתַʱһɫĿ죬ɱȻ
ɡһһλǿ³ѩµĻʹУȻ˿µɱ߿룬ҲΨһ;
Ʒ۹İѩ»ʹλԼڶǿߣҪɱַһһ֮ˣ㾹Ȼ˵ұɣǵҲ̫ªַĮӦܿܣûµʥɱ󣬱ľˡ
Щǿ߿һ۽ŵĹ⻪ǹɻƺˣѵֻһ
ɱһŭȳַɱȥȴַһң˲һطв˴ǣκɡֺǣվС
ɱǹƺʧˡȺŭһַɱȥ
䣡
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һµŶȻŵ˲䣬֮ϣǳһ貵Ĺ͵һ
͡͡ĹǵɱȥǵֱӶһӰյ׹䣬˲ϢһβǸղǹɻޱȾ׼ɱ˭һͷԪɱ˲ɱ
ֽһɲǼ䣬Щɱַˣȫյ׹䣬ǺʣһЩûһ죬ԣ嶼΢΢š
ôһ˲䣬ȴжˣǷ֣ȺһܰվУûһϢûͷԪʶˣ˭ͷҪ֮⣬Ĩɱ
ѩµĻʹУſµɱ˭Уͱɡ
ַǺЦǰȥյеӰʣˣµʱ䣬ĨɱһգֻʣˣǴ۲õɱʥ̫ˣַ˿룬ԺҪǼһһ㰡
ǼһȻңҪҵַȻµʥɱ治Ļܿᱻ
λǰ֪ҪҪɱַ㡣ַ㺬Ц˵ûаϢҲַһϢȫͷŷֺǲ֪ʲôʱͽǹɱ֮ˣȻ˺ѻ
ַƵһĿĶַ㣬޲ýַ˺
λַƽˡһЦַ˵ŭȼգȴͷų
ˣǿǿˣ룬ҪҪߡ
ѩ¹ĻʹȫɱΣ˭ɱַˣǲףַβôµġ
λĸ䲻ԸҼƽϣַȴгرԡɱַһŭȣң˲Ϣ̤һλǿ߿͵ĺһȭÿռ䶼ڲ
ţ
˫ŭַ㣬ȻͻȻͷԼ֪ܹͷﲻܣȴ֪
䣡
һȭֱӽһǿߺɱ˿ַ㶯ҪӦѾˣеϢλܶùַһһɱ
˿һĻͷųԼԪޱȾĶַ㣬ȴַɱһ֮˻ԶЦǣʲô鶼ûзһ
ĸַ㺩Ц£ʱһǵУһɿֻ֮⡣
ô죬ʱ˿̣Ǹѡ
ʱǽַϣȻڣǶַ㿴˶ħǲõЦǵУȴجΡ
ַ㣬һȥټǿ߶Ȼ֮أʹ𡣡һ˱в˵漴建ĺˣƺΪԼһûʵɡ
һʹ㶫٣Ҫ٣㣬Ҳ⣬ɱ
ַһŭȣ漴һɿµ죬˻ȻתͿͷ޴Ӱĳɱ˲ˣֻˣϢͷš
͡һɱɱֱӴüĵУݻһУ˲佩Ӳ漴׹һǿߡ
ʣˡַһЦʣλǿߡ
˵˵ţһɿµǶתۼ䣬ʣˣǵڲ
֡ɱַһɱѩӥֳһɱȥǿϢţȻʱһ͵޾Ľ˲û壬ɱ
ѵĻعͷַһۣ漴ʵĳ¿׹ȥ
ˡַ㺬ЦţʣˣѾоԼҪˣֿ־УҪ裬ˣʣˣ


0904 ɱ
ѩԳǣ·һ֣ʱصѩԳǵУһλƽ̤С
һλ˵Ӱ˸ݣÿһ˸䶼·ԽԶ쵽˲˼顣
ţ·֮Ŀһ۾ղһӰӹϸȥȴַʲôûУһˡ
ܿ죬һλյУƲ㷭ݣ̤Ʋһطͣûκֻ⿴һۣ漴ĴȵյС
ƺǹã˵ǰƲķ漴յУȻһţһӰ
Ӱ˲ɵĿһĮʵʲôˣ֪ġ
û˵Ųһ磬ֱӽУƺҪֹȻȴԼ彩Ӳ޷ȵӰʧʱ壬סֱӷɱ
˽Ƭռ䵱У˷֡
վסһŭ֮˺ӰɱȻһλ֮͸񹬡
ȻڴʱѩƮռ䵱УͻأĹһ磬֮ռ⣬һжסᡣ
˵ĽŲϵĳǰţһԣȻǹɱصϢȴ·ǵ첻ϵĴѩױ˪·һߣ֮еһжסһ⡣
ꡢ꣡ЩǰӰ˲䱻˪ʴ嶳ᣬУ͸еһһ
ûܹѣֻҪ߹ĵطȫסԶȺȻŵһ͵սÿֲǿߣˣȻֱɱ񹬣ҪǺ嫵񹬶ס
죬֪ͨߡȺӰסû˸ǰ˭ȥ赲δǿˣͻᱻסΪǱеһ
һɿֻŵϢ񹬵ӣ޾ĺ嫵Ŀռ䣬δȵ
ǿƿգԶȥǿԶǱʱһúȻʧɫû˸ȥ˵˭Ȼ˵Ŀ¡
һλǿߣһˣ˿̾Ȼɱ񹬵С
Ⱥо񹬣ھһǰδеΣ񹬣磬Ҫ񹬳׻𰡣
񹬵Уǿ߷׷ǰҪֹȻǸ߽֮ˣˣҲ޷ѣ˽Ųʱ򣬱صİ˲佫֣漴統Уһ
ЩߣڱڱչߣҲ˴ϣ˱չأȻˣ񹬡
ͥŲ·ɢ㣬ޱɣÿһ̤ͻ񹬵һ£ǣҪ񹬳׵ıס
λǰͣҲ֪ͨһҵδӭʱңԶ֮أһ߶񹬵Ⱥͷһϲߣڳˡ
ܿ죬һӰƮȻͷ߿µϢּ籩𣬷·쫷糯űȥҪѡ
֮ˣգҲʲôأҪҪ֪ͨ˭ˡƽ˵Ųûͣȵĳǰ粽Į͸һױȵţ񹬣ҪҪ֪ͨ
δҲ̫񹬷ˡӭŰɱ޾ķ糯˵ĺɱȥѡ
ԶȺͷһϲֹ߳Ȼǲ˲佫ǱصĺⶼϣܹסˣɱȻ˵Ĳ񣬶һɱ񹬣ֱˡ
ӭ쫷磬ɫޱȵȻֱӳǿ־쫷ȥ޾ı⺮Ŷ˿ʱһɹ쫷ֹͣǹɺ⵱бס쫷磬һ⡣
İ塢Ҫ硣
ɫһ߲ƣ˾Ȼɱ񹬣ʵȻֲ
ɱŭһ˫趯ʱ绯˵ܣһɹ˺ѵķ籩˷ˣҪ˺ѵ
⣡
˵ֻ³ֲ֣ı彫һͷͷ֮ŭסɫӲޱȡ
ÿµİԷ԰򣬱Ҫ̺ܶࡣ
ꡢ꣡ߵΧؿʼֲİҪҲ档
ɫһ䣬ĽŲһ磬һƺһĿռ䵱УгһޱȿµУɱűĿռ䣬ʱǾ޴ĺ֮ϣһѺۣ·ʱ
ͬʱ˵ĽŲͬˣһƮȻ˱ռһˣռ͵һһεıӰɱȥ˲佫߰档
ɫ䣬ķ籩嶼סȻ˵ȻһڶĿռ俪ʼƵУķ·һɿµźһУֻ˲䣬ߵһ
ɱ߻Ļ籩죬ذȻ͵һգ쫷֮ϣİ籩Уʱ籩һ㺮ͣߵ壬Ҳŷ籩һ𱻱⣬ȻĿ˫С
ģĶʱһ񹬵ɫ˲Ұף౻⡣
ѣ
һգʱ߱࿪ʼһ麮һѿߵУһĨ֮ɫ
ɣһĳǱ쫷Ҳͬһ麮һ˵ƴ͸飬ǿֲߵԴϣԺ˱㣬һֲѵ
Զ֮˵ţ޷
һ񹬵ߣ˵ɱ


0905 Ϣ
𣡡
ԶһɿŭŶɱһƬЯֲ֮ƣ춯ء
һˣ߿ͬ龹Ȼһ֮˻ɱ͸޾ɱ֮⣬Ȼ˳ɱˣ֮߶նɱ
̧ͷǱߵɨһۣ£һ̵·뵽ƬصУ࣬·صɽһ
飬诺졣
δһɿֲ֮ƹ˳һصƿߣȻĺ
򣡡
һŭ֮˳ĳһƣʱƬؿռ䶼ҡκˣҪƬƷ
䡢䡢䡭ռ䱬ѿ޾ѹշѹǵ˻δ͸оȻһ漴һɴշѹһоշѹĲǹƬȻ޾ѹޱȿԵĻ͸ϣɫ˲òҰס
շѹ嶼Ťȫƴֿ
ɱһ˲併ǰʵ޻ɱһΣɱ
¡¡Ⱥ÷ڵأѪ¶ޱȺȻɫٿǵߣһķ˳ȥѣ飬˲Ϣ
ĿɨȺһۣһ̵ƺƽ·Ǹصľǿߣ£ղǵ·Ҫ졣
һ񣬱㾪֮ͷֹ
Ǹ񹬣صӣ裬һΣ㲻һ˶˵³һӰ漴ƮӰ˲Ϣʧֱ˸뿪
أ
Ⱥһ֪˵ݣȻ֮ˣˣðԵɱ񹬣ɱǿնɱ
Զһ籩͵ľλ߸ǿλ߱˻ɱʱһɫ׵ĳȥ
ȥ׷һλͺȳһ΢΢ͷҪȥ׷ɱˡ
ȵȡʱһ˵ֹסعͷˣ¶һĨɫ
׷ȥҲ·һ˿˵һ˵Ŀһ֮ҲȻˣѵôֲλ׷ɱȥҲ·һ
Уߣʥ߸ϣȻȴˣ֮䣬Ҳвͬĵȼ࣬ͬΪߣʵҲܷǳ
񹬣ûܹ˳衣һλ߱˵ɱ񹬵УһУ֮˲֪٣Ӵ֮񹬵١
Ҫس裬ʵɡкγŭʧӰĵǰسֹλ콾ֱΪķ请ķǬǿһ뿪أȥ׷һ请һǵĵӣĴˣҲˣʵǿԲ˵һΪ请䣬˵͵ΪΪȴ֪ڸ̤ߵʱɱ֣ղˣ
λͷһճΪߣնɱλ֣˾˿£
˵֮ɨһۣΪ֪ǱɱλУһˣҵʦ֡
ͷ˵оޱѹ֣ɱ֮˾һǰ֮˵ʦ֣ôʱ꣬ղɱˣʵжǿ
ѵ¾ˣһλ߱˵
ȻᣬѾǧٿףˣһϣӴȥĴ֣֮Ӵ񹬣ֻһλ˵һ漴ۻӶ˸뿪Ҳ޲ýԷС

ѩ¹ݳǣʹʣµҪܣȻһɱУɱһˣַûɱ뿪ϢȥҪЩ˴Ӵ֮󣬶̤ʹ벽˭˭
ַһֱݳǣҪ˽Ϣȥܰ뿪
ûйãѩº䶯ѩ¹µĻʹ߽붼Ҫ
ߣǺεȵǿңĿֲڣȻȴΪҪɱѩ¹ľַ㣬Զѩ£ڴˡ
ѩ¹ܿ죬ϢǬ񹬡塢жߴǿɱѩ£Ҫɱַ㣬ȻַɰȻλԼǿߣȫΨһˣǱַųŵⲻ
ѩ¹Ļʹӵһµɱ߻ǿߣ̤Уûκε֮أֻһ;һʱѩ¹һССĹȣǬ򶼳ˣ˲֪
Ȼһͬ𺳵ϢҲ㣬ǬϢȻһʱգûв͸ǽǴ˳
񹬵ǰѩ¹׷ɱַʱһλǿߣһˣɱ񹬵УնɱǿλߣƮȻȥɱ¾һԴ뿪
ݴԣصˣΪַ㣬ɱ񹬣׼ַ㡣
Ҳдԣ请ַأǼ请һΪһĴˣ񹬵׷ɱַ㣬请ķΪӣһŭ֮ɱ񹬣񹬱ѪȾ졣
һԣַѲ˸ϵң𺳵ϢҲַйء
һ޴ķ粨ƺؾ֮ڲ²⣬ǰؾֻص˻ţʧһգ׷ʲô֮£յף˭ܽ⿪
𺳵ϢǬһʱ·ƽûٸѩ¹ĻʹǽȥҲڿʼάַ㣬ʼ˼ɡ
ȻıԶظֲķ籩


0906 Σ
أѩɽİѩϵĴƮ£һĻ
ʱѩɽΧѩɽľ޴ϿգͻȻӰⲽޱߣ֮ͣ
Ӱλһۣ˵ĸоǸ߰վǣ·˶Ҫָ
ߣһŸɾ߹ۣϣһ޵Ļ֮߸ϣƺܹ棬ǻʡ
һˣϢΪƽŵһɫۣ֮ϿһͼվǣȴһּΣյĸо
ľӡ鹬λأ֪кָ̡ʱһӰԶԶĴ漴ߵӰǶˣȻߴѩ֮λǰһأλܲ֡
Ƕ䣬壬ԻߺԾӣǵ䣬ԳƻӣΪߺᡢӣ鹬񹬵䡣
ǬأߴȻҪһ
գصַ㣬ɱҶɱӣ֮ˣ˵أλҪ˵ġĮ˵һȻַ붫֮ĳԹֹɱһô򵥡
ǰؾ֮ˣȫʧΨ֮˻ˣҪһ˵ľ
请䣬Ϊַɱ񹬣նɱǿߣλ߻ɱʱظһ鹬ޱȡ
ˣͱˣˣҪ˵ǵĿģʵͬ
ַ㶫ǵгԹ㶫˰ǵӻɱַˣַΪ˳𣬽ɱδ֮УҪˣǸ˻ظ
漴Ŀ⿴ľӣڶľӵĻ޵Ǭǰؾᱦǵˣص˻ţֽ˵ǿЦҪ˵ûС
鹬׷ɱصӣѵϹ۲ɣҪʲô
ǿӲĿɨλλΪ˶ԻȥˣҪ˻Ҫ˵ضˡ
أ硣񹬹Ц˵òнյǿʢ˺ΪĪҪػǰɡ
鹬ҪĻɴɱأҵҪǻصǰ񹬴Ӵ˳һ֮âֱ鹬ԷȻвأʾ
ܺáЦһѾĿһУǬˣȻˣǣݷá
߰ɡľӵ˵һ˳ۻӶ˲ϢʧأǵӰ
뿪֮üͷ΢΢£漴ۻӶЩʱնҪ뿪ˣһΪ
˶˵ͷأһΣ
ߡڴʱһ֮һַ㣬ŭĳ˾ΪӳͷɱڲΪǣΪˡ
ѩüͷһɨ˵֮ˣӡ
֮𣿡ѩ˵һĿһָѩߵ㡭
ˡ˺ֹסӣ֮λ޴ǣرģûһ鷢Ļǻַصӣ͵Ҫӣ㲻Ҫǣص
ο֣غξ壬ҲǸҷ֮սĻǿҲǬг˵գ˳ԣ뿪񹬻徹֣Ҳδ뵽֮£Ϊ˱Ϊ˶Ըߵһ
һպǬϢŵĵ֮ʱ˱ɱɱǵ˾֮ˡ
漴Ϣңеӣ˱ɱԣ֮ˡ
һʱ䣬ǬصĴĿһУǬҪΪǬԵİصĵɱˡصķɱ񹬣ǬдҪǬ
ϢԼ񹬽ǬǹųٿڴᣬǬһַأ⣬ҪһǰؾΪֻص˻ţȫʧٲӰأҪн
𺳵ϢһõšңŵȰӦ漴һȵʵڴᣬҪһַԵ޵ء
Ǭ򣬿ʼڴᣬַأ˲侹Ӧ
˵˶ף֮ⲻھƣȻ˶ҪȥһԺܶһȵԣγһλᡣ
һǿҵΣǬ˷أѾʼҥأҪˣû뵽ǾȻȶ񶾵ֶΣȺ̰ҪټǬԸأĻҲȥԼƴܾˣǶкһ
ʱңԶѩ¹һɫ΢ЩƵĲ̬Ӱ̤ݳǣַ㣬£Ϲ棬Ǭû¶ҲܾûмԦˣѩ¹֪⣬֪
һͷƯѩСſַļͷʱַӶ¡
۾ʱʱַļͷо̰֮ɫ
һƺݺݵ˦Դϣ淢һͺַĵҾ㣬ֻиҶֺһὫƤ
㲻ôۣῴѩ硣ŭУ˴α۴ȥ½Աһ㡣
ַݺݵıһۣǵ˼ΪҲ֪Դ½˽⣬֪ٺõطҪҵȥɣñָ̫࣬ʵҵĻ
𡭡ŭĵͺһޱȣȷҪַһͷޣĴܣ»ᱻץȥūۡ


0907 
ǬһǳصУַͣ½ŲеһҾ¥˼СˣżԪҾơ
Ȼһˣѩ´Уַ˲ٺöһϺҩҲص˻ʹַ㿪¯һЩĵҩоͰ쵤컯λֹǣ츳
ҶҪַһַʺϣΣķҪɱֻҪһ뿪ѩ¹ܿȺͻὫССĹû˻ȥѩ¹鷳ַЩ˵Ŀ
˸Գȥ½ˣַŷԪҾƣɵĺ;Īϧǣ֪λֵܱչˣָӦʱͻ˰ɣǵ츳ͺǿ󣬶ֶΪ
ҲſϣȻצӿסƺԼƺȣþ¥еȺһȻ
ȤޣȻҪȾơ
ַ㵹Ҳû⣬ֻǰ漸ۣյĴҲģһ㡣
档ʱ򣬾¥дһԾȵĵͺ֮
Ϲ棬û뵽СطһȻϳ档
̧ͷĿɨǼһۣ¶һĨԵӣǼĿһУһ¹ǳЦ棬˼
Ⱥ׷׳ǳھ¥еȺȥ֮УˣΪ׵꣬𪿡ݣ޳һǳƯӣߣһű̳ȹŮӣݾ£ǳĲһ˸ľһ㲻Ƿ
ڸһλ꣬ͬ͸һ֮⣬һվ·Ϊ˾ԵǣҪǹ˵Ĺâ
Ȼ档˲Ŀַߵһۣû뵽΢Щ̬ӣȻܹΪ
ǰ껺ַ㣬Ů򾲾ĸں棬һַߡ
棬ɷ׸ҡʱڵͷƵַ˵Ŀⲻɨһַļͷѩ׵СƺҲǱѰȴʲô쳣
ԭѩ磬ҲͨһֶΣ壬ͨѩ˿쳣ĸһֱġ
ַ̧ͷһˣ˶ᣬΪȻȫ䣬ַ¶һĨɻѵǬô࣬ƺܰһҾ¥ƣȻλ
ǸҲ֪ҲסַǳЦӦһվǾӸ£ԱߵŮ϶һɰַ²⣬ӦĸֲţĻǬôţ꣬ΪأΪ֮ˡ
ģҲģʲôҪᣬ־֮켫似ԡ˵Įþ¥֮Ϊֹľ־֮켫ĿУȻ˵˵ɡ
ȻַһЦ²ûֻǲ֪ԷһеţȻ־֮켫˵ɡ
Ҫԣ֮£ԡַ㵭ЦŵֱӾܾ
һҪأַ㼸ȾܾҲ΢˼֣һһ֮ˣԸԱԷѾǺܸԷˡ
ñգܵõｻҲĸ֣αûȤҪһЩʻòúÿĵҩҲСԵŮᣬΪˣȻǷ֮ȴָĴ̶
¥˶µĿ˫񿥵İȣɫƴŲַ̬ȷʵԵñȽϳª
ַĿĳŮƳһۣЦΪο⸱ƶζˣȾƹȻҪʲôˣŮģ֮֮ζʣ˿̡
ţŮַĻĿһɫÿַ㣬Ȼòª
һλᣬ棬ջظղŵĻ긩Ƶַ㣬ø߰޲͸һɸһȵϢ
ַ΢΢ҡҡͷ漴Թ˵ƣûꡣ
㵭Ȼ֮ˣȴټȻ߽гʵ֪ʵΡ굹ҲûжŭЦ˵漴Ů߿ַһǺ꣬ȴվһͷһ֮ɱкżѪڲǰӦйɱ¾
ղŴӦүĽףҲлʶүϧȴĪĻҲɡĮ˵·ʶַĪҡ
үԸ񣬲ʶҲաַҡͷƣȻûںͬΪ侳һΪꡣ
֪ô³һ漴Ųһ磬ʱһɷޱϢַȥɱ·ʬѪУҪҺս
ţַüͷ΢壬ϢѾǷǳˣ͸һǵ־Ӧ÷ǳóȾѪ
ңٶȼĿ죬ֻһ˲䣬µͳַͺޱȷһ
һ𺳵ʵַ΢Щˡ
ַŲһ棬ʱһˣ磬˲Ϣתַ㹥ȥٶȿ磬ϵĲ
ַƾһʱ¡ײ֮𣬺оֱһ飬Ŀⲻɵ΢΢һַеǿ
ǵİҲ΢¶һ˿֮ɫԺʵԸһͨһһⶼûУ˺ޣȻַһˡ
㿴ǽΪ£ңΣŮӵҪַշ
ѱҲϲŮƲƲ죬ҡͷ˵ɱ˰ɡ
ַ㣬Ȼòª
ãұ֮ԣǡЦ·һ仰Ͷַ


0908 
ʱٶȳַ̽ȥʱռһһɿµ˺ַס·ΧĿռ䶼Ҫ˺ѿ
ַޱ飬ʵ޻һȭ˳ȥҪ˭
䣡˵ײһַֻоһ˺ѵҪȭͷֱ۵Уһ͵ƶţһץ֮Ҫֱۡ
ֱַ͵һһɿµǹɻ˺ѹסͬʱȭϵţԷѿ
ַŲǰһ磬֮ϣзһͳ˻屬ˣݺݵײ˾¥ǽϣ¡һ촫ǽڱײ飬¥ڲַԼֱֱۣĴȥƺ̧ˡ
ʵǾΪ׾㡣국˵һ
ַĿһתڰϣĵȻΪҸߣǶԸֻ֪ҷ͵ˣһֶֻѹɱ
˵ĻԣĿյײ建վһɾ촫ǰľѵ
һ֪νԲѡƯһɿµϢַѹȹȥռ䶼ɱ
ַһʱ죬һɿµĻţ·Ҫ¥ٻ١
һȺԶԶĶܿӵ¥ıԵش²᲻ߡ
صĻ־츳ȻһЦһɿ񱩵ĺɫ籩һ·ڷתţǺɫķ籩ģȻһȪۣ籩ΧȪ۷תš
ͣ͡ꡭ
籩ֵɲǣʱ¥ȺȫоϢ֮⣬ǵı֮첻ϣ¥ѣ˲ݻٵ
ַֻоһɿµĽɱ֮ѹȹѹ޷Ϣǻķ籩ܻһС
µĻ־Ȼ籩ѹƣɱʳַ΢΢̣Ķǹɿµķ籩
꣬ꡣַһֿͣˣǰӴĶֵУֻӵзǳ꣬ӵѪĶ޵Ͷģӡ֮ǳ
ȻѪкܴϵǰѪ˱Ƚ٣Ĵ඼Ƿǳͨ꣬ǰ꣬ӵ꣬ȻҲǿѪ
ͨţɱռ䣬ѹ־ĺɫ籩ֻǿһ۱ܿ¡
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˺αظϻɱ˾ǡŮ˵һַ㡣
áӦһ΢ʱǿµķ籩ɱռ䣬־һɽɱķ籩ĳַȥ
ַŲˣǹɽɱĺÿ£оӲֲַ֪еˣţɲǰЩ侳ص׵ɱ
үʱ򣬼ֻһӰ߿
ĿתЩˣǵ˵ͷ
ǱߵΪ֮˿꾹սɵû˻֣Ⱥ⣬ַΧסƬռ䶼
үСαҪ׶֣ǲ̧̫ˡΪ֮˶Ű깧˵үүĪ֡
û¡˰֣漴ķ籩ʧû嵱Уʱռ䵱ǹɿµĽɱ˲ɢΣ˶о˿ղţϢĸоǷ籩ǽɱǣܽ˲ɱ
үڵȺڴԻԸαͷү֡
ã˵İŮˣɱͷ棬Ҵָ˵
û⡣˵˵ͷ漴˵ү˵
ɱļһ֪жߣ˻ᣬڵĻᶼûСַ㣬ޱȸ߰Уַϡ
תŮǰӭӵһ뿪ΧȺȴۿ
ңŵģЩǰӭ֮ˣңŵǿߣǿең˽о̾
겻֪ʲôˣȻңŵǰӭӣôӡ
Ŀ⿴ַ㣬һﲻʶôȻͱǵ֮ԣ㱻ɱ˿̱ǿ߷סȥ·Ҳһ·һɡ
ùļһ¥е΢΢ҡͷ
ˣӭңŵǿӭ֪ǲΪǹųǵڴᡣ
ԣ϶ǹųǾﲻԶ˺ܿΪڴ
Ⱥ̸뵽ַĶУû뵽ȺΧס˾ȻңŵˣУڴᣬʲô
ʱһµϢַţЩΧסַҪɱַˡ
ĿɨȺһۣЩ˵ΪصǿߣַȻ
ӡһַ֮㾹ȻߣΡ
ȴַ˸Ѹޱȡ
ߣЩһŲңַ㻹Ҫѡ
ַĿƳȺһۣŲһ̤ңʹóʱƮң˲佫˦
Щ˵ȫһĿⶼǣңŵң
ַ㣬ȻҲңƺǸӵøΪ͸
׷һŭ֮Щȫĳַ׷ȥһҪʴ˵ңӺζȻٻɱ


0909 ǳ
ַңңžټϱǿһʹóʱЩңŵʹûҪΪǣٶȴ˿ЩңŵǿҪ
ûйãַ˸һƫƧĻߵشһâٶȷŻЩ
ߣߡĺƿ֮ϣӰľɱš
ȻǿַַȻתƳһ޴ķħʯ
ɱŭһħʯɱַӰ磬˲Ϣǰǰǰ֮ƻδֹסͿµķħѹɱɵɫ䣬˿ѾӲˡ
¡
޴ײַ֮ĿֲټϷħʯշѹ֮λǿֱӱɱ˲䱻
ַɨˣŲһ磬ٶȳǰߣ̤Ǭ˶֮ʱʹԼȫױϳ⽫ЩȻһɱ
ħʯзħʯСĵ㡣˺ȳңٶ̤׷ɱַ㣬˿ȴ࣬ղһçײ
һַгһѪɫеѪŨú׷ɱȺһɽƺǳǿ
ַϣһɹɿµĽ֮ʼŶǰӰ˽һɷޱȵˣҪΪͬʱǧַ֮ͷţ죬׷ȺоһһͷǿϢַ֡
ȻַֹסֱͣյС
СġȺһ׷֮ȫͣȴַתһЦе˶ѣα˽š
˵գַٶǰС
쵰
ȺŭȳַϷŪȻ𲽵ʱͻأ䣬ַһת޾Ľһ˲ŶǴɱҪȫ
ַͻһǴʧɫǿֲһǽϱɡ
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һµͬʱĴȻȴַ廯˽һż͵յӰ¿׹䣬
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ɡ
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ַ㽫请˳ȥһ˲࿿Ӱֱӱɱ
תۼ䣬ңŵǿߣֻʣˡ
课޷ɻַУַУַվǣ·һ飬ʣµλǿߡ
ɱң𡣡ַ˵
ַ㣬ַ㡣һĿ˿˿Ķַ㣬ħʯѪɽ壬ƺǴ请һʥˣַ㡣
ַѾǬӵзħʯóýһѾʲôܣǲ³ǰɫƵĲ̬˭ַαװġ
ڲ֪ˡַŲһ磬课޷壬䡣
˽Ųˣȴַ͵һ课޷Ȼĺһȵ˲׷һˣµľ޷˵ıϣԷѪӿ
һץʱ课޷廯ʯصַУʧַ׷ˣһԷѣһˣ
ʣһǿ߷ĳųеķӶݶȥôڶ̶̵˲ͱַȫɱˣֶַκÿ£ӱɡ
ңʹõ£һɿ͵ϵĴϡ
ӵõ𣿡һ֮𣬾ǿղǺƵ׷ɱַ㣬ȴɥ֮Ȯһܣһ޷ѵ
һɿֲĻ֮նͷ󺧣תֱһɱȴַ͸һɿµɫĻȼš
䣡
ǿ߲ҽһֱӱ˺ѷַǰµֱԴϣһ׷ɱǿߣ
Էɱַ֮գĿ˸
ңšڴᣡ
ַһ漴Ųųжȥѯһַ֪νڴԼǬ֮£ԭѩ¹ʱʦȻΪɱ񹬣񹬡ԼǰأǬչڴᣬĿ꣬ȻΪ˶Ըء
ַıñڴᣬǬһֶԸǿʢһҪ׵Ĩ
ûǳصַ֪ͣڴ֮ǳǸȥض˶һ¡
ǹųǣλǬĵĵڴ˵غڴΪʣųǵУǬ֮˴Ӱ˷۶һʱǹųǷӿǿ
塢񹬡šңŵȿֲȺ󵽴ǹųǵУ߶࣬ǿ߸Ƕţë
˿̣ңŵפأӰһһɫӰǿߴӵ
ʱȺ׷׳ȥֻһӰ̤Ϊ֮ˣ£ʣߣһųȹŮӡ
عӡңӭǳĺһ
겻ŵЦ⣬Ǭֲңŵôĸ߹Ȼ·ԷУֻһƽ֮˶ѡ
ȷòû뵽عǬټӣ֮¡ңɿЦǰȥعӲУЩңŵһ񰵲ˣʲôݣУȰ벽
ˣ˴οɲǬǬȻлر֣вǰǬһʵšع˵ȴңعӵ˼ƺкܶǬ򣬿˴ǬĲƽˣ


0910 ķ
ع˵ã˵ǫ飬ǶԣңŵҲǾ֮ܣعǰǬ̸šңЦ˵ҲعЩŵӣǱȻ֮£ұ˱ӻţΪӹš
ӵпµ츳ҪĥѺɳΪǿߡ
ǬһƬͷ粨ĴдŻرѾӦþַϣЩϢǰҲ֮¡
ôһǬɷ粨Ҫεøˡ
ȻعȴЩңɱַ˳ٳûлɵżĿͶ档
ʱղŴɫ˸عӷ˶ߣʵҪޣûд𣿡
ɫһɫÿһĻңŵʲôֱ˵
عӣҷЩ˾þδ飬ǰȥ̽飬Щδˣɱˡ
ţعüͷһ壬ôǿߣȻһ侳һص˶޷£ɱˣ
ʲôңĮһʱ˽һһ˵ңһһȺعӣҵ°²´Ҷǰȥˣ
ˣѾˣ´ԻɱˣֻǿϧһͷϹޡعϧһ

ʱַҲ̤ǹųǵУλǬвĹϳǳأǹųʹ۸ӣûͳһİǬĻشҲڴٰԭ֮һ
ǹųַ֮ǹһݵͼϤǹųǵĵò漴ִһЩĴԼڴϢ
һȺ˵Ĵ£ȫΧǼ£ڲ֪УַƵķԼѾΪǬˣ˶ʶ
ѩ¹񹬵ȫĨɱλ֮ˣǬ
ַ̽»֣Ѿѩ¹ϢҲѾǬַΪ⣬ϢųģΪľѩ¹ܹ֮գڣѩ¹밲
˴صǬ֮ȥأѰرӻҳҲ˵㵽صĵط׼Ϊɺٳ
˸̤籩ĵǹųǣֱ죬Ҫ֪ڴΪ˶Ըأʵ򣬻Ϊرַ㡣
ǹųǵĶ淽һ嫵Ľг˵ĵطͻнףгÿһжزٵģֻΪǹųǵضε⣬ǳǹųǵĽгҲΪĻ𱬡
ʱַ㣬ҲУйţƵĲ̬͸˿˿ɢϢ·ε
𣡡ַ㾭һ̯λ֮ʱ淢һͺ֮ʱַͷ̯λȥȻ淢ͺ֤Ķá
̯λ֮ϰڷһЩĹ⻪֮ǳԲ΢Ĺâ϶˸š
Ҫ̻Ĵ֮񣿡ǵ̯˶ַЦȴѾڲЩıצһӵϣֱץצС
ȻܹõͨϹޣ׾ʶ֮ĺûϰЦ˵ַͷ֮Уŵ̺ϰʵν
鴢֮ȼǳߣǿ̻󷨻Ƿжɢúܾáϰ˵ĺô漴ҪʲôһĻҪö־֮
û⡣ַ㽫֮漴ȡһЩ־֮ѡö־֮Էϰֱ۾һ渻ԣ
ַ⽻׳ĹţֽײƷʵҪףҪԭ˵ǣȻ۴ȻҪİȫ
˼ƺҪ׵õĲϣһЩñá
ַҲͽŽɣҪľͶĲ࣬ǱȽϸԣ־֮ȡ֮кܶ࣬Ȼ֮òϣҲãⱻ˵š
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ַ㿴һۣһÿҪĶ˻ģһξȻҧסĿţѵʲôıﲻɣ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻ⾹һ׹似̯λ켫Ĺóףַһԡ
ַ㿴һۣ˼ѵҪԼ޹ɣ
ֻצߵһͼ棬Ӷţַ㿴һѡеͼһȻյģͼȻǿյģʲôûУȴ켶Ĺ似һ顣
Сӣ޻۹⣬һѡͼ̯Ц£ַͼȻʲôδ̻ȴһص㣬Ǳߵǹˮ֣ǼĲҶδ˵
ͼʲôûУҲһŷֽһšַЦҡͷ˼Ȼ⣬ôѡԷ˵ǳĲԴ̧߽׼ֵ
ֱӿ۰ɡֱַ˵ʵ
ͼϧʣҪö־֮ԵĶԡ̯˿˵ַĿһͣ漴Цϰ壬˰
𣡡ͳĺһַ¶ͬɫַĿ˸£ѵһķʲôɡ
ãһˡַͷͬ⣬漴ȡö־֮ˣץŵͼۿ£ʲôûУַ޷ַЩƣȻ־֮в٣Ҳ˷Ѱɣ


0911 ͼ
뿪׳ַŶʵҪһͼʲô⣿
⣬㶮ʲôĵ˵ַЩơ
𣡡ַеͼץ漴ڵϣĿ˸
ַ㿴ĶҲ˵ѵʲôûеͼʲôر֮ɡ
ǻϢؼĻ棬ù۵۾涢ͼһֱۿߣ漴ַĻȻ̫СҲֻǿһˡ
ȻҵĻԼְɡַбһۣһΪƢǲİ
ǻָһܽ߰˵ַɵֻ񱾵ҲͼŴܣǲ֪Ļˡ
˵˰컹ҪҰæַ㲻м˵Ҳûһǰ׵ۣȻΪ׵ۣóڻϵǼĿֲѵհ׵ͼУŻİزɣ
΢΢ӣַ㽫ķڿհ׵ͼ֮ϣһŻַŶԪޱߣ̫֮ҫ£ڻ浱УȫӡǸͼϣȻ罻׵˵ͼˮַ֣Ԫ漫ǿհͼȻûа㱻ٻٵļ˿
ûã㲻о˰ɡַ·ͼ˿ûκεı仯
̫ûˡӵĿַһۣ漴צַ֮ϣַ·һɣַĸоƵƶͺڿ̻ʲôĹ켣һеĻӵķǸհ׵ͼͷųһµĻ֮⡣
ַ͵ջأֻоƵһɿµ֮ʹĿ⺧ȻĶǵϵĿհͼ
ַ̣о̾շ쾭ó棬־һĻһֱӣȻһͼУȻо˳ȵոС
ַĿⶼǷͼֻ˿̵ϵͼֲȫգǳһЩ켣ϣ͸ſµĻͼϵͷͺһ湵֣ޱȡ
ÿµĻַпһ
Ȼ۶ԻĸӦ󡣡߰˵͸żֵɫǻ湵дܳȵĻ磬ȼֱ֮ǳޱȵĻŽʼϨ𣬶հ׵ͼ֮ϣദһ湵ɵĹ켣
һͼַĿһ˿հͼնɵͼȻһƬӵĵòһͼûд
ǹųǡַϸͼ漴һȡһͼҵǹųǵĵòȻǻ湵ֿ̻ɵĵͼΪƣҲζţͼȫòʵǹųǡ
ȻȫòƣܶϸֲһˣǸͼͨõͼģ湵ֹճĵͼǺܾǰģ淢֣ܽհ׵ͼҿ
ͼӦǸǳóǿޣĻͼϵĻҲ˵ַ૵
ûʶһϻĵɨַһַۣһų˹ȥȻ
ƺַĳƢֱˣַͼ̻ʱӦǰңͼĲһƤǷǳĻޣӦһͷ𣬶ңڻҩϵ費ߣܷͼеİأΪͼųôûб˷֣̻ˣһǳĻޣĻԼΪ
˼˵ͼплıַȻȻȻʱͱ˵Ϊƶϳš
ͷϸǸͼȻͼָƺһ֮أ⻯ͼˣܿҪõõͼĻǿȥ
ǷϻûбĻû¿һصĵͼʲôҸϣⱦǻ档˫ͷʣ׵ֻۣǿĻ棬ܹĳɳ
棿ַɻĵһ
濴ַɫݺݵıĵɨַһۣӵСһﶮƨ֪ʲôĻ棬ֻл棬ǲϱȻĴչΪΪԣµĻ棬ֻҪһ˿ܽĻˡ
ַһ쵰ȻҪٺܶ࣬Ϊһֶλ棬ѵôĿ»棬ʲô棿
죬ͼҵбĵطЩͣڷǳҪ氡
ַһǷͼֱ漴תߣǻȥ
𣡡ַһʲô˼
ҵ黹ûꡣַ㵭˵һ
𣡡泯ַ˹ȥֱӳַ˺ҧȥַתһƺݺݵ˦˦˳ȥǴۣҲϴŸƨ
˵ַҡڵǳǵȥһװ߰ǰţڵ˭ϴɵŪ㡣
𣡡׹ţ޲ýַ˺ˣɶĻ쵰
ڴڼַ㻹ûŪйȥұأȻǼǰǿģ¼ҵҲô׵õֵģʱض˸ˣַ㲻鷢
ַǹųǵĵҲڴἴٿĵطֹȻǿƣһؾǿ·϶ᱻֱûӣ˸ö࿴һۣ̫ƽˣ߽׵ż˶࿴ַۣԽΪ


0912 ɽ
ǹųǵĵһɽׯΪɽׯǹųǼʢɽׯǹųǵʥأӵпµǿߣɽׯû䣬ͨɽׯе˻ɽׯ
ɽׯڲĺ嫣һСһȺɽׯǼλٿڴĵص㡣
һΪɽׯ󣬶Ϊɽׯڵɽɽʥأ޷壬ʶ֮ɽׯУ޷֮䣬һޱƽԭش֮һ۱ܴ͸ûκε谭ٿڴᣬĺʡ
ɽׯ֮˼֮࣬ɽׯȫӴԵɽׯн¥ׯʱ޳Ħ˶࣬Ȼ׳ǿʤ֮ˡ
ڴٿʱ仹ʣ죬ַ֮̽ҲɽׯУȺеٷԣǳĵ͵żھ¥ƣֲκעĴڣż˻ϵͶȥһḬ֮̃⡣
ҹɽׯƻͨɽȴΪɽ棬ҲżȻȺޱĵشɢ
ʱַѩܲˬĸַĺ棬ʱʱַѩϲſַļͷ
һѾ͵ĸַ̨·ܹʻԼǧɱ񹬵龰һĨâ˸ַܲڵ¿ʥɱ󣬿ʱ
׳գô࣬Ȼʥɱɹ֮ϢڲõʱȻҪõ֮аϢͷųȥ㵱Щ˶һ׳𡣡
ͳ˵ַ˳˼˵ĵҲûõ֮ȻᾪɽׯߣʱǱҪˡ
ͨ죬Χʥһܲ߰ͷ­ֲһַһȻ
װ
˿ַȴ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ǹ߸ϵ׵ۣСѲ㡣
ַеĻԽַֺһؼʱ̻Ҫ
ҪЩҲԣȥҵ˵ͼбĵص㣬ûбҪĶ˻ַ㽲
ַеȴǵԣʱǳȣֻҪ㲼úһУʱ乻ĻǰȥѰ
涢ַ㣬â˸ãǸƭۣԺ󱾵۱ؿ㡣
ģҾԲƭ㡣ַ㰵һݡ
һһ˵ʱ򽥽Ǹ̨֮أַѾӵа֮Ĵָ棬ҪƻڴᣬͿһˡ
档ַĶ棬мӰ˹ǿ֮ŵĳΪ֣аΪ𡢰ΪĿϵʱ΢΢ͺһ漴Դ£ǰߡ
ַĿһ꣬ͶԷһ̬ļһ꼶ᣬΪϴİһ侳Ϊߵˣ꼶󣬵ûһΪ֮µġ
ȵԷʧַ֮ҪСһ㣬̺ĻֲǴĻ棬𡣡
ţַһͣоȣ涼ضԷķǳ𣬱ڣַּҵܷܷҲΪӵбͬԴ꣬ϧΪ˽԰Ϊ߾ΪǣҲ֪ˡ
ˣȥˡַ˵һ˵Դ漴建ĳŵ³ȥϵȻסûаϢͷţһֱߣ򲻿ֵܷˡ
ַ㰲ȴţʵַ㵹ǲȥɣݳǻʹеĿɱѾ֤Ŀֲ۱ϾǴֻۣһƢ̫˵㡣
ַĵ汻˷֡
ʱĹȥַһֱţǿʶ̿տʼʱܹĶڵ¿̻ص·˺棬ַԼʶ޷̽ˣƺʲôûˣַ㰵棬ܹεһУҲӷЩ
ַߵԱߵĳط£ȥע⣬ֱã۾ȻĴӵ˳ƽ漴ҡڵĳ߹˶оǵɫ
úˣַʵ
ϻԳ֣ܲɹʱֻҪ۽֮㿴ʲôеһ·Ǿǿߣַ㰵Ц
ˣ۵Ѿ꣬ǷӦóˡֶַ
ãȷµͼַ㽫ͼȡ漴һǸͨĵͼܶ־ԵĵشǷǳһͼΪǰ֮ԵøģҪԱȲܹ׵ҵλ
ҵɽشҲڿͼĿֱǸͼǵλãһƬȺɽС
Ȼַ㿴ǷͨĵͼǹųǵȻȷмɽ֮أûǱͼǵɽ
ַ֡૵ȴĿҲڲϵţƺҲͼ쳣
㿴ָָǷͼı־֮ñʻճȻֽǷͨͼɽׯǱ֮أȻмơ
ôģҲ㣬ΧȦȦĵشƺȷɽׯֻǣɽׯֻɽ壬ǱأȴӵһƬɽ
ѵǰɽׯеɽһ


0913 ŵĶԾ
ɽôɽ壬Ӧַűͼеɽ湵ֽһƬɽյ޷·ɽӵмĻһ
ɽһ𣬸ֲǳֶ֮Ƶɽ
ַϸ˼ͼûпǱͼǵĵضΣȷʵɽƬ
⼸дıʷĻΪΨɽɱã
ַɻȴĿ˸ͣ漴ַȥɽǱ߿
áַͷͬ⣬汾һȥѰû뵽ڴľٰ֮뱦֮ؾȻغˣɺϣǡ˹Ϊ
ⲻɺϵĻζŲֻǵõͼҲ֪ˣѵͼɣ
ߡַվŲһ磬ɽ̤ȥͺһҲĸַһѰȤԶʤڴᣬǱͼǿĻ̻ܹõǿĻΪ׵۵а취ԼΪ
֮ѡΪ壬ΪҲǻ֮ԣΪƥ䡣
ɽׯǹųǣɽׯԹųΪӴ˾ͿԤɽׯյĵλǹųǵ˶ɽׯֹǿߣƬһԼΧɽ㴫ǿеĵط
ַ˸ǷִԶʱʶ֮ƶɽƺԶ߲ŷ߷Ҳвپġ
ŷмشɫַ㷢ǰƺвӰǣַЩȣΪЩ˲ɽϾҲһ˼ɽм䣿

ַ㿴ȺеһӰĿʱһλ꣬Ϊ籩ܹɱѹз籩ۣ֮ǳǴųȹƯŮ˿ҲߣܣвǿߣЩ˺ɱЩңŵ˴ͬķΣӦңŵˡ
˵ʲôݣַаԾңŵҲǬһɰʵЩ˾Ȼôͺһòַ²⣬ѵԷңŸ߲ӵܣ
˿˰⻹һЩˣƺںͰţǰһλӣΪͬؾվǻ¶͸һǿߵźͰԵְǿڹġ
һˣһһŮͬǳᣬΪأŮΪأȹòۣͤͤ
û뵽ǬҲܿļһСӣĶˣЩ˿ɲЩһԽɱġϸ΢˵ƺЩֻǰЩַĶʵˣʲôĵӣоһѷַ㻹ܿۡ
ڣЩƺǳңڵλãɽм䣬ԽԽ˼ˣѵĲɺϣ
ַ֪˵û⼸һòáǷʱϾͿԿ͸һˣһʣһ
ʱ򣬰ƺǲʲô㣬ĿһתԶַߣɵ¶һ˿ɫ
Ȼ㡣Щ˵ңŴϢЩӦǱַɱˣ˿ַ̣㣬ȻҲɽ
ӦΪڴаɨһַ㽫Ŀƿַ㻹޷ӣվŵӰĶ֡
˼ƺʶַ㣬Ҳɨַһۣ漴㽫ĿջأǬһһصˣʵûʲô𣬲мһˡ
ʱ꣬ҲعӶİԵ建ڿն͸һǿѹ֮µѹعԼЩңŵϣûаΡ
ȻˣսɡԵŵĳ죬Ŀޱȷ񣬶عӣսȼա
ʲôˣҲʸսعӡʱңһȳعӵĿȻвҪֺá
ɡΪҲأֻŲһ磬ŰԵȥ
ȻԵδһۣĿֻεĽعסϣһǿѪϢĺȺĤƺһȵŭ
һִĿĽҫ۶Ŀҹ漴Ⱥı󣬾Ȼһɫ޼ͼɽ⣬޼ͼת貵Ľ̵˵۾޷
ͣһֽⱬʱңŵǿֱӱ⴩͸һ峯¿׹䣬
ꡣַ㾪̾һ꣬Ͱһշѹɱˡ
ûмĴۺᣬЩ˵Žпֲ˵޵ȱкܴĹϵξͿѪŴȥʹú󱲵ǿ꣬ѪԽءʵԽǿ󣬺󱲵ܾԽʣˡ
ַΪȻĵͷûоԵĹƽ˵һЩ˾ͱǿ̬츳ЩȴֻƽӹʣһжֻԼ
ĸ׼岻֪ǰһߣѪôѾǳϡѩ¹ϡģ粻һܶ˱ߵĶӻӣ̳еѪǿָܺ˲֪ٴȡ
о˵ģߣߴ۵ãǱ츳жֲ


0914 
Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ַ˸ɵЩ⣬һƽﶯŰץסȻҪúôַһ
ߵȻռżҪأȻͬޱҪЩ˵Ǻǿ󣬶ܹͨʹһЩǳĹֶΣʹùӱǿַ䲻ЩˣһЩֶȴҲĿ£սЩס
ȻΪ۵ԣʵЩţǿߣ뵽£Ǻ֮࣬Ȼַ㱩ᣬ뵽һˬҪɳػ֮磬ͱҪַ
ûֶεĻǰ㲻šַƺ֪˼º͵һЦҺͬ磬ҿշѹǣʲô
³һַһۣһԽԽթˣȻ
˿ǱߣԵŵĽɫ⻪ޱȵ貣Щңŵ˿ͬŵӱնɱɵö¶ŭ֮ɫ
ɱң֮ˣЩ˸϶ųǿϢŰԵѹȹȥֱӸջӶռ
һȺө֮⣬ҲԡԵһ޼ͼɣ޾ɫ⻪޼ͼųȥƿɱ
ۡ͡ޱȣ޿赲ֱӴ͸Щ˵壬˲佫նɱ
͵첻ϣյһӰ׹䣬Ƿûã޷ֵסǿµ޼â˲
ɫ󺧣Ҫߣ޼֮Ѿţﻹѵ˲ͱ͸ɱ·ӣתۼңŵ˾ȫˣɱһʣǰԵʼնδֱ֣շѹɱ
عӣսɡԵĿعӣҪս
ҶûʲôȤ˴Ǭ˲٣ûҪôսΪβȥջģҲȥǱ֮塣ָԵ국˵ǶŮòмƣһãջǳӣӵкһ
һȻ㣬ǡԵĿɲϷ
ԲѣʱˣȻսڣûաعӻӶ䣬ȻԵ꣬Ųַķ߹
ų򡣡Եع뿪˵ʧⲻʱְΨ˿˿΢¹ӿ
һԵֱ뿪
عӵĽŲǻߵַߣĿһĸ߰
㾹ȻлΪ⡣عӵĮ˵·ڸַ㡣
Ŀ˵ԸкܶࡣַЦع¶һȤɫ
ԲѣܻǽңվҪŮƺӵļǳɶַòªڻû˸ò
ͬս˿ȴ۸Сعӹ硣һ̵Ʈȴһֱδڵ˵ˣعӡ
ӦֻǲԸսǲսعӵĻӦҲûжŭ
˵ĵǺ˿۸һ侳һصͨˣúгɾ͸𣿡ߵߣŮŮҲˣƺҪعԡ
ȻλҪΪͷǺãֿܵסһշѹҾˡع˵ֱŶǿֲķ籩֣һɿµշѹͷų˿ַܹĸܵһɿֲѹǿң·Ҫ˺ѡ
ع˵˷ַԸַֻһѣǻÿڣѾɱˣȻ˵ߣһնɱַǡ
ԼѪԸһһ֮ˣúܹƽ𣿡ŮĮ˵عΪַ磬ǿѪ꣬Ըַһͨˣֻһַ㻹Ҫʲôƽ
ûʲôƽƽģһܲס͸عӸûеһ£ƽ֣ǸЦѣĴ½йƽԡ
ˡҲַЦ£ĵҲ뿴һշѹɱְɡ
عӱ籩˻շѹ˺ѿռ䣬漴ǹɿµķ籩ַѹȹȥһַоֱΰѹ֮У꣬ӵпµռ俪ʼХ·Ҫɱѿ
Ȼַƺѹȵ㣬ѹȸУܹʹǰУӵһŸ͵࣬û
ɱ
عһʱһɱķ籩ַշѹȥһɿµгַɱռ䶼·Ҫ˺ѵĿ£ǶԷͷŵһ˿籩ɱѾ㹻Ĩɱһһ֮ˣַΪأûһЩֶΣҲһ
ַԴ΢΢𣬲ܣǽɱķ籩Ȼһɵ⻪ţƵ͸һǿѹħ֮
͡͡籩ɱŷħ֮ȴַһۣʱ·һֻεķħֿգ˵һ籩𣬷·һ˲䱻ɱ̼ʧΡ
ţعĿһַ㾹Ȼһ͸ſµķӡ֮ͷųȥķ籩ɱСַˡ
Ҳ΢¶ȵɫַʵЩϣղһƵУ̺һصķ֮ǳ
ˡַ̧ͷĮעعӣ˵мֲм
عһ漴ЦȻˣ԰ɣ


0915 㲻߰
㲻سŵŮĮĺһû뵽عһδȻҪַ֣Ǳɡ
ߡعӲмһ籩ԽԽֲǻ籩תеһַ籩ٶŶַշѹȥ籩ȸղշѹΪĿֲռ䱻籩ʵŭֹ
ǶԷ籩ȫѹȥʱ
ֱַǹɷ籩ѹ͵һ⻪貣ŵԽΪǿңħ֮ϵ͸
ҷ⣡ַŭһƿ͵ץһɿµķ֮ٶȽɱķ籩ס籩·ҪٴϨ
ɱ
䣡
عһŭȣǿһַ籩ѹȥƬռ·п籩꣬Ҫеһжռ䵱һХ֮·նҪ顣
ֲεĹѾصĲΣѹͨصǿߣַεֵ
ʱַҲųһĨŨҵս⣬ŭһƣ
£һµȭӰַкȥƿյȭڿŭХǹɿµķ籩Ҫѣʵ÷籩衣
𡣡µķħ֮Եţɢķ籩˲Ϣס漴ŵ
عӵԽԽĻŭһֵĻ籩ȫַѹȹȥȻɱһؾַ㣬޹⡣
ˡǻһһɿµϢţʱعֻоһ漴ˣַͬоһɿµԼϣȻƿַҲ˳˿ع˾롣
ʲô˼عһɨڻϣĿ͸ź⣬籩ɻŰ
ûмǴĻعƺ˵ֻҪһ˿ˡɣѾͷųˣصҲҪϣ㾹֣Ϊ̫Զѵûо
국ĮʵعɫȻ˵ˣұһҵ
ʵҲȷʵˡʱַعĿһַ㡣
ַЦؾǿߣ㹻Ĩɱһصˣɱ֮˲̫ѣľأֻһأѾͷ㣬κβҷֺѵ˵ǿ󣿡
عŭַ㣬ȻַĻȴ޿ɷصΪҪɱַ㱾ռݾԵƣͷŵκβַ㣬ȷһܶ˵顣
Լʵĸֻ߰Բ֮ʱŻ᲻֪¶ָ߸ϵ̬ȣղս㣬ȴսսؾˣȴԷҫ棬оŭسŵҪһɱΪԱ츳ǿ֮˵ǰӦǱϥģͼޱȡ
ַ㿴عӵ˵֮⼫ŨعӵɫԽԽ
ң㶼˽ң֪ҵʵΣΪǣһҪĨɱԴ¶ǿ֤ţȻʵϣʹ˲ûʲôֻóڱСǰԼͷκβңѵ͸ұ֤ȫͷŵʱ򣬾ɱң
ַĻüĿⶼһͣö¶˾ȵɫƺŰѵͷȫعӣ
Ҫϲڱ㾳͵ǰ¶Լĸ߰ղսˣĵĽԶʤ㣬սǺͬˣȴֻҪͨΪȥ֤Լжǿ߰ţֻԱǿǰչ¶Լİ㣬߰
ַ㵭˵һŲǰȥعӣӶԷ߹
ȻôΪҿԽΪѹƣһɱ㡣عӱַ˽ѵо澡
αѹΪ̧ԼҪɱҾȫֱǡַŲδͣ£Ʈ뼸˵ĶУȻعȫ֡
عͷųһɱ⣬ȴ̵عӹȻֻҪԱԼС֤Լĸ߰ǿ󣬼ȻˣĳҲֹ⡣
ڹ⼤𣿡عĮĿŻ꣬漴ɨַıӰһۣã˵ֵܵסһ֮ˡұ㲻ɱұزˡȡ
ˡңΪǡַҡҡͷҹƮҲͶԷʹһսȻڴۿٿڼƺַǳ򵥣ȫʵҲܶͷųַ㣬Ըʱν֦˴¡
лᣬһΪǵļһһġ
ַԶһɽǰһƬƽԭ֮أ߿һƽ˵ӰӶ٣ûκμǷͼбǵĵص㣬޷ɽ
о޴ıʣҲӦлļŶԣɽʧϢġ
ʲôַʵԷʶҲܿʲôߡ
ͼóٿĿΪַ࣬һͼĿֻ޴Ӳͣ˸漴Ŀƻأٶȿǻߵãã֮ء
˵ЩļһƺҲôͼǷֻһ濴ַ㣬Եø࣬һͷϣԵмֹ졣
ҲΪ˶ҲͼֻСַشһ˵ͷ¶һĨ˼֮ɫ
ߡ泯ԭ·أַʵûпף
˶ַ㣬ĬƬ̣漴ĳһʲôˣСҪùۣ񣬱Ѿȫ͸ֻȡˣ


0916 ʦ
ַԲѵĴţɵһЦ˵˵Ϊͼһⱦͼ֮ģ
㲻֮ˣܿף۸Ҳ޷ֿʼֺһòץҫĻᣬȻҪݺݵıַһȴ֪µַҲڰһﳰΪƺԼһͷ
ﱻ˲մ󡣡ĿȻ˿̵ƺ˼֡
մ󡣡ַһͻȻ뵽񹬣뵽ؾǸĺͼЩطһƬռ䣬Ƿմ
ʲôմ󣿡ַһ
濴ַ㣬ͷβıַһۣ漴Դٿռ󷨣Գһ磬ͽմ󡣡
ٿռ䣬Գһ硣ַĿ¶˿˿𺳵ɫ񹬵֮ءؾƺпܾ˵մ
ôС˵Ҳף˵մҲԳΪС磬Ƭռ䵱УܴС磬ҲߣֻҪԷ֪Զܻ֪ǵʵҲǿһľ磬ܹӦСĴڡ
ַ㣬ַޱȣݺݵĵַһۡ
С磬ǿĴھȻܹմ󣬴С硣
˼ǣͼбŵıؾֻλС統У޷ۿַһ
˵ͷĿ˸ƺ˼ʲô
ܴܲմ󣿡ֱַԵǹؼ
ѣڵΪ̫ˣҪƵĵ֪һƬС磬пжǳҪıأȴ޷õָо̫ˣô䵽ֵز
ǿĻ棬ܹٻָǿǽݾһܴ
СӣмҪҡĿ⿴ַ㣬΢˼֡
ţַѵÿˣɵʵʲô£˵˵
޷ƿմҪ赽һЩǿߵܻΣգҶᱦҲΣǳѣϣܰһΡʱûɫҲôֺ¶һĨɽ֮⣬ʱȻͷ棬ȴһе۵ʡ
áַͷֱ˵ĴӦ£ЩȵĿַ㣬û뵽ַӦôˬ죬ⷴЩϰߡ
ȷɵһ
ʲô˼ַŭ棬ȵ˵ǻ飬һҵ飬Ҳ˭㡣
𣡡淢һͳĺСԭҲɰģ⻰ϲ
ǵõʲôôɲǷһЩַĲһ޴۾һգһգģղһĸж˲ʧӰ٣ݺݵɨַһۣ漴βͳǰȥֱַӵˡ
ʲôȥַ溰
һЩ׼մ¶ôƿ浭˵һڰУַҲԭذѷ硣
ҹУַϥܿ뵽״̬УϷŹһʱ䣬ʵԽǿӴ̨ԽᷢʵԽԽá
ǿҪǿϱǿ
ԼԺţҲΪЩַ꣬˶ãԷȴСԴģôȣⲢʲôµ飬ֻҪΪܹϣκˣϾЩǿֶͨΣЩһûС
ʱڰУһӰϢĳַƮȻ΢΢šһͨߣַۣߵʱ򣬶ûзϢֱַʱϥַȻâϿֲϢХҪ֡
С㣬ҡ
һϤַĶУַһϵϢ˲ʧӰȻ޴档
Ŀ⿴͵ˣַ˸üͷ΢΢ƺЩš
Ȼܷҡ͵һЦַΪ͡
ʦַһĺһ
ô䣬ԼͷҾͲСЦ£ַȷ˵ݣɵһ죬ԭˣȻʦѩߣ˿̵ʦһȫһòʶˣϲ
㶼޷ϳĻЩϤҵˣ֪˭ˡ˵Ц£ƺԼֶΪ⡣
ʦôַüͷʵУʦôҵҵģ
ַЩģЩɻǬǿ߻ɽׯҪٿڴַأʦ֮ˣʱ̫ΣЩоǣֶϽ̵ģҲܹԼ棬˾Ȼ׵ҵ
˶Ҫˣصˣܲɽ߶߶δҲ̫ԲЩˣС㣬㶼ܳѵһˡѩߵܹϳ㲻ҪˣҿʯһˣʯϣҲ㡣
ԭˡ
Ȼʯַ㵹û뵽
ʦءַЩεĵ
ʲôһò׳˸ĵӣ˵أػҪǿʢء˵ַһۣҡͷ֮£̫ϣҪģҪӰ쵽ԣʲôƨڴᣬǻΪغ۸һ磬˻Ḷ۵ġ
˵ţĿ˸һâ˶ҪˣصˣȻҪɽ߶߶ȻöԷϷˣǶµ
áַ΢ЩƵȴһ˿õЦ⣬ЩҪصˣḶ۵ģ


0917 ɽ
òŻ˿ַ߾ȻһͷϹޣɵ¶˼־ɫĿⶢ࿴˼ۣӷ·Ҫ͸
оĿ淢һͳĺ漴΢΢Դûм˶š
ϼһʵǳ־棬ȻӦΪǺεյ׵ۣ׼䷢˵ĲѩΪߣȻǿ걥Ѫʮ㣬óѾǿѪ˿ͨʵԺֲܿ
˸оƺЩ쳣ֿʲôߣҲַֻܷ㴫С㣬ҸоͷЩԾ
֪İʦַӦһҪˣǱǿ߶̫֮ЩǲҪȥıȽϺã©Ϣ涼ǳΣգһʵʵڵĴۣκεĻ߱ﶼҪǱ֪Ի
Ȼұ㲻˵ˡ˵һ漴˸˲Ϣûڰʧ
ʦ뻢Ѩַ㿴źڰʧӰ뵽ϣҪʲô飬ʦݾԲܱ¶

ɽׯ۵˿Ϊɽׯׯ¥ɽׯУЩԶĿܹϢ֮أͬʱһҲ״̽һЩϢ
գɽׯĸׯ¥㶼ȫ˻ᶼͬһ飬һº䶯ޱȣзڼݵʱɢ
񹬵Ϣ˵ûУһ¥У˿̾ʵ
Ȼô𺳵Ϣڻ˭֪أȻǬ֮һǬʢ˥ʵҲ£Ȼǿ߽񹬸ˣЩǬΪ֮°ɡ
Ȼ񹬿һǬǿ֮һȴһҹ串𣬳鹬һЩǿ˵֮ˣ¾ȫɱ񹬴Ӵ֮Ǭֻʣ˼ˣҪٷչյĹģǷǳѡ
أùϺֶΣǰô˴񹬣֮ɱǿ߲Ȼ߳ǻ´Σشһ񹬣Ȼˣ˽񹬣һɿµİ
˶̸һ⣬ޱ𺳵Ϣ񹬣һҹ֮䣬ˣص
񹬡廹жٿڴᣬҪ񹬣־ܣսδʼѾݡ
ڣأʼһĿ꣬ͽ񹬱ϢѾǹųг׵ըˡ
ұ졣ʱһŭ֮·¥ĻݺݵĲ£ȺĿת˵֮ˣҪڷ̻ȥʱԷһɿϢȺͶˣˣӦ񹬵˰ɣ򲻿ŭ졣
ַ˿Ҳھ¥У񹬱ϢҲΪ𾪣˵Ĵʲô˼ˣأʼˣǬ֮һأԴУűȥǡ
ϢĵգǿȥŸϻȥǵģػὫǵϳҲһˣʮֲˡ
ôǰģȻȴˣصǿߣȴһˣʱ뿪أҲѾ뿪ˣֻҪЩ߲Ǿ׼޾ĸ
ȺͻȻˣ񹬣ھˣвμڴˣ
Ȼ񹬵ˣ˱ҲĬĬ뿪Ը£˵ǳ㣬ǻطɡ
Ȼʱһ͸һУȺĶĤУڴᣬǰٿڣ˻ɽ
ǰٿȺ⻰̧ͷĿһâ
񹬱ЩסˣڴٰڶǰˣԽȥԽҪ֦û˸˵ԼܹصĿԣ˿̣ǾҪٿڴᡣ
һɽׯÿһ䣬ˣȺܾȣһ뵽񹬱Ϣ˹ЩǿȲҪַˣŽڴᶼǰ
˶ɽķȥҲ֪˴ڴᣬǼԼҪοչ˭ǰȥأ
ַҲ켣ȺУʱһԲĬĬĸȺ뵽ڴᣬоͻһ⣬Ҫصˣò̫ãͻḶ۵ġ
ѡʱһӰַ󴫳ַļͷ
תַ㿴꣬ŶԷЦ£һԣһλŮӣҹĻá
֪γƺַЦԵΪ⣬һĨ߹ȴ·ǿϵģ޷Ρ
ַ֡Ц
֣üͷһ漴Цһַ֮˿ǷǳĻʶˣ
˵ȴû
ҲûмǬַĴŵǲ٣ҵǺˡ
ҲܼҲһַЦ˵һ
ʶͬҹʹʲôֶΣܹųӡ֮عӵѹסַʵַ侳һصʵܹԸعأǳѵá
Сֶκҳݣǻ׼佫ҺعӷֶֿμĿ¡ַĵ
Цҡҡͷ֣ڴᣬлĻϣ㲻Ҫ¶һЩֶ
˵㲻ͻУƺѾǰ֪ڴᷢʲô£


0918 
֣ҿعӣԼһλƺǬ֮˰ɣַĿ⿴۾ʵ
΢΢һЦҲϣ̹ȻĵҵȷǬ֮ˣңԶ֮ء
뻪ĵطһǬʢǿ࣬򲻻šַ㲻Ļ¶һ˿΢Цϵĸ߹֮·Ũ˼֣ʲôţʤлᣬֿȥ
ҲҪֵ֪лһҪȥһַ
ʥݣ֪˵ûУЦһַһʥݣ½ĵ޾ǿ߻֮ء
Ȼ˵֣ʥݣ
˵ǣҲ˵ǡ국һЦٶԣַȻ棬Է˵Ҳٶʣȴ˵ǣ˵ǵǺ˼
˵֮ʱ˲ѾɽĹŷ֮䣬һƬãã˺ӿеϣȺ
ӣЩѱûκεĹؿԣҲЩǴǰ֣һڴʢУڴᣬǷܺǧţء
֣˴ڴ塢Ȼ񹬾Ȼ˵˴ڴ֮λ˭ľӣǶַ̽Եһߵλ⣬֪Ƿ֪Щʲô
Ҳǰɡ국ȻһЦַ¶һ˿ȤɫʵǻǺˣ
ֺܿ첻֪ˡ˸ӣǴһĨǳЦƺ֪Ļ㡣
ɽ۶ȺԽԽ࣬νɽ˺ڴûŲ룬ǼдСţǧŻеģټһЩĽȺ˿ɽе˼а֮ڣڿգգ춼
ʱյУĿĹ⻪ȺһյпȥֻӰݰյУȻǴ˴ڴ֮ˣľӡ鹬
һĿޱȷ񣬿ǣ˶ΪǿˣǬİһǹɺ嫵ƿֻ֪һ񣬾ľȻ·ȺвЩˣе˵Ҳֻ⿴ЩУŵңŵۺħڵǣ
˿ɽΪǿơ
λӦǰڴᣬҵȲʤмͬʱڣ˵ǸмƽĿûаĲ˸е䡣
лҲԣڽգλѾõһ𺳵ϢɡĿ⿴޾Ⱥأֶαޱȣ鹬ǿ񹬵ʱ򣬳ǿ߹Ϯ񹬣ֱŰ޵֮ңڲǰ֮ɱ޵Ǭ֮صҲǲޱȣˣǰؾȫʧ٣֪ʲôֶΣǴǬһ죬Ǭա
ȺĬ嫵Ŀռ侹ԵļžУǼ˵˼ڳȫףַأΪǬһܹвǵȻһҪԭǣַ㣬ؾ֮
Цʱ򣬼žĿռдһ˵Ⱥһ˵˵棬ĻЦڴλǿߵڵɲһˡ
Ŀ˵֮ˣȻղƺ˷ǾȻ޷Դ
еӰĿҲһ˲ü񣬿µɨ¿գȻʲôҲǾȻ޷˵֮ģ
еվ˵󱲰زءĮ³һ
޷ҵң㲻ʲôڡٶȴȺͷһеĿһµķâ¿еĳ˿ȥֻǱŵɫ͵һɫҰףϵҡͷ˵ˣȻ
ǺǬ֮ˣҪأѵػҪԴУ񹬣ֻ˵ܣر֮˵
֮أصòϢ鹬Ŀüͬ˵֮ˣǣҲһҲ
еվ˵鹬˵һ
վ˵Ȼ֮ɱԼܱܣؼҡƮǴӰ洫Ⱥԣû뵽Ȼ˸ڴʱңѵ֮ˣ
֮ǰڴᣬڳԵĻǴҲ̫еʶҲǿ󣬾Ȼûҵõ
ַâ˸˵֮˵ˣҲȷǷʦΪʦôǵ͹ʦǿ
ʦһ˹ɱأɱǿλߣ֪Ϣַ𺳣֣ǰģֻʦһ棬ѩߣֻǸ͵ӹµˣ
еɫޱѿڴһʼңⲻļ仰ȴ·ǺݺݵĸǼ⣬ԣƫƫûа취Ϊ֪˭Ǿ˭ǵ֪
˺ǿشǳںصУ޴ѰҡĿ˸û뵽ǬҲܼʶ˲ţΪе˻Ϊǿ󣬵ǲҵ˭
˵ʶ˶ɨ飬ٶȱĵе㲻Ҫزء
Ȼ˵֮󣬶ԷȴĬˣûٻشĻ·뿪һ˲ȥ
ü˵ɫѿԷˣһ


0919 ͽ
յгãһֱûٳֹżڡ
ֶαӣѾɥԣؾǿȫʧ٣֪ҲѾ⵽ض֣ǲַأζԵЩʧ֮ˡ
أȺţǿԾȳǱǸ𡣡ľӽӿ˵
أԶԵ֮ˡ鹬ɫû뵽أȻ񹬣Ѿǲܹˡ
λǿߣһһ£ģƬ嫵Ŀռ䶼صǵòϢǶأб֮ġ
գǱڴѡǬǧţɱأظ𡣡ֵȺһûǸؼǧţǼҫ֮ƣ˴ڴǰ˷ȻЩȺУм˵ݲ䣬»˲ɡ
Ȼѡ֮£Ըַ֮ڴ֮˲ʸ飬֪вǻ켣ȺУΪ˿ֶڴʽٿѡ䣬޹֮ˣûʸ룬Ҫ뿪ɽɽׯֻвַ֮ˣʸ£ѡ˴ڴ
˵ͫȻԲμַˣ͹ɽׯ
ֶΣúݡַ૵һ˵ΪΪӣǿˣĹһ͵ڴӦ˲μַ
ΪһֶΣҲ국Цһ
ʱ˵ֻһʱ䣬ַˣ͸ҹɽׯЩߵˣζżַأӵѡʸ񣬴ӴŽһģ˭ѱ䣬;˳ǱҵȲ
ûҪڹ;ѱߣɱ⡣鹬һĨɱ֮⡣
ֻһʱ䣬˿ʼ˽ҪôҪôμӵַصĶеУѡ
ǻĹ뿪»ܶ棬ңҲ޷֪ڴ˭Ҳ޾ǿɱص龰
˶ԥˣЩֵˣ˿̶Ҳԥˣֻ֮ˣ½뿪ߣΪʵʵ̫ˣȥҲһ;
ַɨһȺȻûʲô뿪Ϊˬ£ζŴӦַأصӪ
һʱ䣬תۼȥˣеӰȺֻмٵĲ뿪ˣһĨЦ⣬͸һĮأ׼ɡ
ȻλѡǱԸַصӪӴˣǱվһϣز˭˳ѱ䣬ѱߣɱ⡣Ϣ䣬İز˳һҪزУ˶εİסˡ
ˣλͬЭڣΪλܼλſ
ʱ˵ȺһѡΪҪͻȻſǺ⣬ǿеţһЩʲô
λſԼϸ̨
ĿɨȺʱöַ΢΢ͷҲȥߣţֵʲá
ţַĻʱˣԷָţӦþ⼸ˣľԼ鹬Ȼ֪ǡ
ˣԼȥǣعҡַ˵һôȥ
Ҳֻ˵һȻַ֪㲻վģַ˵ͷһ뿪̨֮ϡ
˻֮⣬ַ㻹һЩϤӰعӣ˿ҲȥսعӵİԵ꣬Լҹ·б֮ꡣ
ˣʵʶԣֻλһˣعҲһˡ
ЩӰȺʱľȻţᣬΪ֮Ŀ࣬ңǵϣƺһɷǳʣ·ŷĸо
⼸λţʥݷ򡣡еЦĻ£ʱ˵ȫһʥݣǵȻ˵ңԶ֮һƬĵطΪ½ʥأ߳һˣǿµǿߡ
ʥܱߵİ˻ʮԼƷ۹ҲһЩµľͷԶԶǬܹȵ˵ģЩˣȻʥݷ
ңλһ°ɡĿ⿴Ⱥеһˣ˽ŲһǼңң
áңһЦȺҺλҲϤֻʶһλعӡ
ң˵ʱָعӣЦ˵ûдǣʥݷ򣬶عӣңڵţλң˽ĻӦ֪ңڡ
ȺͷһңǬһɰǬ˵ȻңһЩ˽⣬ңŵڣǣңڣӵͨ쳹صĻңֻһ֧ѣңڣ
عӣȻңڣѹ˲ˣعӣλţǴ·ȻһͬݣǱǡͽ
ͽ
ȺͷݺݵĲ£ͽʶ֣ȺԾ𺳵ģߣ߸ϣأ֮ϡ
ЩˣȻͽǣǻʵĵӣܹĻʣ
ַĿ˸ȴߵ¶мɫͽѣʶܼʲôֵҫģձҲͽ֪֮Ĳ˶ѡ
ַ׵۵ĻĿ˸һ˵ԼĹʷˣͽô£


0920 ͽս
ͽʵӣַʵ
ϵĵӣܹû̵߽֮٣ֻһȴ֮ͣȥҫΪͽ˶ԣζٹ⣬ͽҲ˲ȨңԽǿʣԽҪ£Ϊͽ
˵ǴۣлȨվĽǶȺվַĽǶȵȻһЩԣΪͽҲϵҫڻ߶ԣЩͽֻǵλһͬʱҲ൱Щ˾ͽмߣɵõָһΪ״ӡ
γһšɱ𡣡ַ૵ͽеǰʱһЩӵԼһЩ֮ˣΪʣ֣ͽ֮֮ԴԴϣһɿµ
ţ˶ַ㿴һۣ¶һ˿ɫһĺ͸ʵ˵ˣͽһޱӴ֮齨ɡ
£һ٣ͽ֮͡
ңȺ𾪵ɫмֵ⣬Ц˵λ˻ҵĻн֮ˣ̽һһ٣Ȼ㵽Ϊֹֻд裬λͽλ
н֮ˡȺ׵Ĳ׽⼸֣Щͽһ͵нؾΪ⣬༸˽Ϊغؾңû˵ͽףֱӱнףȻΪͽףͽս
ԾԾԣͽжǶ뿴һЩˣʥݷ򣬺֪ܶǵĲ
ҲΪԼΪͽһսҲܹΪͽˣ
ԡȻֻ˽Ųһ磬նɣ˲Ϣٸ̨֮ϣƮȻأò
ȥ֮ؾΪͬΪк壬Լͽûвࣿ
عӣҵΪҲأͽ̡ĿعϣعңڵˣͽһսӦú˵
ְɡعӵ˵һĿ߰ƽأΪ൱ûʸһս
ãˡ˸Х֮쫷磬Ƿ֮־ӵأѾΪҲһֱΪƮ켣׽
ÿٶȣ֪عζԸȺΪΪ˵
ˣȺֻعӵͻȻһµз籩ͷųµշѹΧĿռХ·Ť
䣡
ֻһתķ籩շѹ漴¡һ죬ֻһӰֱӺб˺ѵǿµķ籩ɸϣ·ʱܹ˺ѵ
㻹Զˣ㲻عĮ³һǸڶԷϵķ籩ʧȻ𺳵Ʈعӵһֵķ籩˸оһĨĵ׵ĺ⡣
ꣿȺĿ𺳣ǹɿµķ籩꣬еˣΪԽԽǰǴ˿ˣ겻ֻǵ̫
عӸ߰ĿɨȺƺ˵ı֣ͽ߸ϣǰ֮˱˵䣬ҲϼֻиЩֱǿǲŻ֪Ŀ£Ӷη㣬عӣҪﵽЧ
ǺǡңҲ˿ȺķӦЦ£Ⱥ֪λҪԣн֮ˣǻмλδֹ
˿ңһǿҪн׵ǿߣͽףûս
ãҲԡһӰֻһǿ̤ϸ̨ݿţ͸һɿµĻ֮
˵Ϊؾ
أؾҪ磬ǶԸͽҲӦһս˰ɡȺ˵
֮˵ĿһλϣźɫϵĳȴΪͬѰһǻ泤ۣһǱ˪ۣƺȣָԺ֮⡣
Ҳ棬ˡǿָ˵
ڷƮ³֣֡
á˽Ųһ̤¡һ̼֮ӿµķ˳ȥȼչȥ
һֵĹⲨ֣УⲨŽɫĻ桢͸ĺ˪һĻ津ⲨƱ浱Уֱ˪𣬾ȻԽԽС޷γɿԭ֮ƣʱܻϨ
˫ںϣǲ˽жô¡국˵һǽɫĻ滺ĳŶԷ˳漴ǿϵĻһɻһȼţƺҲκβ֮ˡ
沢µģµĻ棬Ϊ˱˪
껰£һɼĺ֮ڶԷϣǺ͵ĻƺͻȻüĿһ˲о䣬·Ҫᣬһ˲䣬ָоһɷĻ˿ļѿѣصѿ
ɫĻʹÿһ缡·ǧһ֮˲ҽһˣսˡ
ûŪô£ֻԼʹñ˫־ʱжôĿֲܹ˵ȫĿѵ޷ܡ
ɫƽһ뺮־ʧĿûа㲨·һ΢֮£һ֮ͨˣΪ٣㲻ʲôҫ֮¡
һȺˣͽսȻ£֮ͬУûʤǣЩԽսҲɡ
ַ˸ţЩ𺳵ֶλս֮ˣΪʲôѵΪŷѡڴ䣿


0921 
ͽҪȫԽսңһȺͬЩͽͻûʹȫѾ˵ǿˣ֪ʲôǿ߲ʹȫһսҪôԻܵǡ
侳زУôأ
ѵã֪λлԸ⼸λͽд𣿡ңЦˣʱȺȴĬˣд壬ܴ󣬼ؾ֮˶ûа취ʹʹȫսصǿ߳ˣԵ̫ѿˣ󾳽磬Ȼܣ۶ԷǲԵԼ̫
ûԸôңһЦ˵˴ǬٰڴᣬأҪһЩǬҲѷڣϾǬ˺嫣ǿ֮ҵȱҲ̰ͼ˹Ը֮λó⼸λͽţݸ߹ܹڣңݣټЩšͽΪڴ䣬֪λΣ
ţȺΪ⣬ǻΪңͽΪ壬ǾټԼΪȴû뵽Ȼ⼸λͽ䡣
ͬң˵
ҲϿɣʵӣݺԸҵַأǬ¡Ķľͬ⡣
ͬ⡣鹬˵ˣ֧ңľ
䲻ͽ츳λ˵λŵΪǷƫЩȺ˽ֱɵ
ͽ츳ݰǣΪ֣λţڣǸáңӦ˵Ⱥһԭˣһǻƿ֧Ӵľš
ֶΡַһЩԼ棬λͽƵǰһͽʲôִУ˳Ǻ⼸λͽ֮䣬Ȼ飬׺ˡ
ȷǺֶΡһַĿһͣתˣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʦ
С㣬Ҫˣȥƻһ£۾΢΢𣬿Ǹ̨֮ϡ
ַ۾˸£漴ʦղǲ㣿
΢Цŵ˵ͷղŵȷ˵ЩˣֶαӾҪǬԸأȴ˵ǰûʣ·ʮ⡣
ãʦǾȥ档ִַ漴Ŀ⿴̨˵ңΪҸоϷ
ַĻһ£ʱ˵Ŀȫסһַڵķ˵֮˾ɫƵĲ̬ӺǶ¶һ˿мɫһѵǻ˲ɣȻҹȻ˵Ҫ֪Щ֪ҲҪ˵
ңɲ˭ܵġ
˵ңĿַ㣬͸һĨ⣬Ŀ·Ҫ̴ַ
ңҪΪ䣬쵼˴ڴᣬֱ˵αҪ˵ʲôͽ츳һЩ˶ѡַ㵭˵ȺĿһֻ츳
ЩţңĿһĵ
ͽ֮ݱ翣֮˵ͽǬ֮ºθɣʵҶǼˣֻΪ츳ǿһЩս˼ͱΪ䣬ηڣ
ַȺУڣˣҲԽսˣ˵ԼͽǷҲܳΪ䣿
ңĿⶢַ㣬ûϵȻ˵ƻǺôĵӡ
վ̨֮ңַ
ãڴᣬңԼλ˶ŷַŲ̤ߵ̨֮ϡ
ֻعĿַ㣬͸˿˿Į˵㡣
ҡַعһЦ漴ң˵ֻսһ֤һǵ츳ǿ󣬾ͱΪ䣬ȻˣǷս֤һҵ츳ҲܶΪ䣿
ҿǷվ˵ʸ񡣡ңЦΪһأҲ㣬֮սܡ
˵գңȺпһۣʱ˽Ųһ磬˸̨Ŀⶢַ㣬͸һĨɱ⣬˼Ȼܹף˵Ϊء
Ȼ˵Լܹ뼸λһԽսұ̽һǿ⵷ڴᣬһɱ㡣֮˵һɱŨңֶַ㣬ַԽսɱַ㣬
䣡˽Ųһ磬ң̤磬ޱңң
ַĿⶢŶԷʶ˳һΧһж·ܹԷÿһϸ΢ĶȻٶ죬ԺУȴ·ࡣ
ɱ˲ϢַߣַϢţȻ޶ԣɵһȭɱ磬ַϡ
䣡
ƴſµ磬ȴһֻޱƿסֲϢŵţƺҪ˺ѵȻȴ˿
תħùħַƴ
¡һµȭͷֱӺʺ·Х˺һУ˵嵹˻ȥյķš
Ϊд裬ҪȡҵȻҲַ㵭Į˵һ漴һ촫׹أȺͫһ
һɱأһ
ַж֤ĻԽսҲУ
ַĿתɫЩÿңʵҲȻǿΪ䣬ǲҲԣ


0922 ɽ
ͽ֮ӣܹΪ飬ʲôݣԽսΣʲôʸͽȡңŭһԵǰַò֪ôѵɣ
ͽݳ֮ڣͽǬ֮ûаϵңҪΪĻ䣬Ҳ˴¡ַĮ˵
졣ңŭһֲХ̺һ¡һַ죬Ųˡ

һŭȴ嫰ɽХһɿޱȵξˣң˹ȥ
ˡˡռ䵱йһޱȿµľˣ·Ҫ츲أɫ䣬ɿµξ˷ɱң
ţȺһȻҪң֣ôĵӡ
⶯֮˭
ȥѰңֻһⲽϸ߿գһˣ˿̷â¶յУ·ɽΡ룬¶һɿµңˡ
ңɫһܵǺ嫵ͷ𺳣˵£Ǭʲôʱһ˿µǿȻʶ
ɱһŭȣȺ֮ңһţһµӡеˡ
ɽ˽Ųһ磬ŭһɽâգޱߣ֮Уһɽ嫡Ρ룬ѹһС
䡢¡¡ɽѹһУЩӡ˲ѣң΢ȴ޾Ľںϣһɽ·ӣ޷֣ҪһС
ȺͷĿĶĽɽÿµΡǿѹһУ·زֻʣɽ
˵Ⱥľӡ鹬ԼЩžҲһɫžâÿµǴδû˵Ǭ˭˵ѵ֮ˣ
ǿַаû뵽ʦʵ˵Ŀ£ңҪѹ
Ŀ˸Ҳգ˶¶Ȼ֮ɫ˵Ϊ粻ң嫣ǿѹң
ȴңɫѿǽɽѹŭһɱ
£޴ޱߵӡ·һɽڣһޱȾ޴ƣҪշѹ顣
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ٶȺ֮죬ɽ˲Ϣ;޴ɽ֮ײɽ˿ɴɽȴݺݵսңԴ΢΢ζ¡
ɱ˹ŭȣɽٶȺط¡¡죬޴ɽڱòϺˣңĽŲҲǱˣɫ԰ס
һջأң˷·ˣϳۿХҪǿѹԷɽ
ߣһһֱӲȺĶĤУ漴ɽ޾âΪ޾ӿ˵ü֮Уʧ
ңŵǺεݣȴҵĵӣʵ棬ҵӺܺ۸𣿡
˶ŻƵңĮ³һȺͷһĵӣ
˵Ŀڸ̨֮ϵַϣԭˣĵӣѹҪͷߵʵǿ£Ȼңˣѹң
ʦͽԽսԳҲΪ䣬˰Եޱߣսң
ңɫޱѿղ۸һ֮˱Щ˵ζ񣬱֮˵ʦ棬ѹǴңһֻ֪󱲵ˣԸ˵ʦ𣬾ͱѹƣܡ
Ǵϵҵˣңˣ˵
˼ҿñӣڴ᲻ңŵĻᣬҼ˳˵ͽͷΪ䣬Լҵ츳ǣҪѹμ֮˶ɵӣŪ𣿡
˿ң˵ڴᣬͲҪ㼸˵㣬˭ΪҲһԾܶģƽ˶лᣬɷڣҪôڴᣬҲٿˣôΪǵĹ𣿡
ռĬһ˵ĻǴ󵨣Ҳ˵˲˵ƺͷβڴɸ̨ϵļ˵ʲôʲôûлȨַվ˵ҪѹڴѡͲǹƽġ
ҵеĹƽʲôңĮʵ
ҪԺ󱲵츳䣬ͱȱǵ츳˭ǿҪʵǿΪ䣬ǿսһڴҪô䣬ֻҪһ͹ˣ˭ǿ˭䣬ҵսһΣλԶܹŷ
˵Į˵漴˵λ˵ǲǣ
ԣҪѡ䣬սһ
˵û˭ǿ󣬾䡣
սս
ĬƬ֮ͻȻ˿ˣ漴һʰźս˵Ļ˳ǵ⣬ЩǿߵսԹ𺳰ɣǵ
ս𣿡ңˣĮĵ
˭ҪΪ䣬ͶҪսսǷȵѡͱԵķӡЦЩô׿ڴǿߣô򵥣ҪЩڴˣսǲս
Щ˶һŵľս¶䲻𣬱Ȼ߾ȫսʱеĿˡ
Ƕս֮λǾ͸ˡ
ľӵ˶ĿⲻƵĶˣ˲֪Ǵ߳ģȻƻǵļƻ
ȻλǰڴᣬλǧЩһ˵Ҫڴ˶ɵŪû޴ģֻǺܶλǰϣŭԶѣĻǺڴᣬȴδģкã
ַ͵˵ȴЦٽһճ


0923 α
ͲͣʱһȺһͣ漴ǵĿ⻺תعϣͽڷˡ
ַתعӣĿ΢΢
˭
ַĮʵ
ΪϹΪ˵̣һϴûɱ㣬Ϊɱ㡣عӰȻĶַ㣬һɱ⣺⹷ͣʲôѵҲҪ䲻ɡ
䣡
һԵȻŶַֻ磬磬˲䳯عɱȥ
ɱ
һŭȴַ³ü֮ţӣعӵü֮ȥ
عһַһؾ磬Ȼңƺǳ
ˣعţҲͬһüַ֮㡣
ʱַѾعǰһĳռ͵һ죬һ嫵ѹعӵϣһƵз·̺ޱߵ֮ƣһεĿ·֮Լǿ
ȫѹعӣҪϢĸоս΢΢һַôôŲһؾѣһƵƣҪصơ
¡Ȼײһ𣬹ӷ˵Ĳ֮عӵ籩Դ΢΢һûʱ俼ǣ̧־һַɱȥ
䡢¡ռ˼£һɼȿԵعӵϣַ߳󾳽磬ɱµһƺˣŲĦ棬̶ļ죬Ϊٶ̫֮⡣
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عŭһţֲķ籩ɱռ䡣
¡¡һµԺ䣬عӵ껹δüͷͱ󣬽ŲڵϻС
ȵֹסˣַҲͣɽţ֣ĮĶعӣͽʲôȻǰԣ֪ܣΪأѾǸˣ׿Խշѹʲôʸǰſ񣿡
ַԵĻڿռعӵɫѿޱȣַνúˣҪ֪Ϊأַһأ޴ַҲأܽշѹ
ҷͽо𣿡ַعӡ
ȺͷΪ𺳣˲ʦǿֱӶң֣Ҳ츳ǿһصΪͽعӿɱأѹؾǿߵĿ´ڡ
ȻַҲнңִټ֣عӸûüӦҲòַʵĿ¡
ҵ⼸ͽʵڲôյУ˶ң˵һż̵ַζ
νͽ䣬Ǹƾʲôҵӵ䣬
˴Ц˵ʦͽˣЦڴˡ
ȻˣǾʦͽһɡʱع̧ͷյең˵
áң˵ͷĿⶢˣսɣ쵹Ҫǰңܷʲô
ҺʦʤˣǲҪʦͽַſЦĿˣȻعӺңӡ
գعӺ˵籩ŭХؽɱ֮ԽԽǿҡ
ҵҪͽôɱҡַЦһ漴Ŀ⿴еˣЦʦǿҪúսһ
˵˵ͷ
ʦһὫȥһطңҪȫһսֻҪ֤Լû±СַͻȻ΢΢£ûΪʲôֻǻӦ˼֣ãҲСĵ㣬˵ǿҿ»һЩǳֶΡ
סַӦ죬Ҳʲôתյңǵϵعӣͷųֲĺ޲ýʦͽնɱڴˡ
ҿ㻹ҪšعĮ˵գͷ߿ֲƣһֿµķ籩·ַ㶼סַշѹȥҪһж˺ѵ
ַ㿴һֵĿ·籩ԼĿ΢΢뵽֮У˫ֵУԪ
ַŭһ˫ƺգֲǷ籩ڲ·Ҫɢ
ɱ
عɫ³һһֿµ籩ַɱշѹȥյе籩Լַ֮䣬γһɻԵĺɫ籩ʲô壬ֻ޾ѹ˺Ѻͻ
ַԪͷţ𣬵ֻ˲ͱɱ
Ųһַ磬Զܶȥ
ӵõ𣿡عӱ˵һŲٶȿ쵽˼飬ңڵˣң
еսͬƸͣңǿ죬ȴ²𣬱ңһʱҲκβ
ȺͷϿվǿµķ籩عӵͷϿգ׷ɱַ㡣
ַ㣬ǲϵĳɽһɽǱ߿͵˸ȥ
ܲġع˵ͷϿյ籩ųһֵĽɱ硣
ַһһƺ꣬Ӷݣɿޱȡ
ţңս˿ַǱߵ΢΢üᣬŲһ磬Ҳַķ򼲳۶ȥ
Ϊȵ𣡡ңЦһ׷ȥвҶͽ֣Ǳؽֽʦͽɱ
˵κѸͣһ˲ͱԶȺҲһ˸ǶȥⳡսĽֻΣַľСЩعսʱ򣬻ȵĽѹס


0924 ɽ
תۼ䣬ַԼعӣңԼѩ߱սɽɽ֮أҲַ⽫ĵط
Ӳġعӿַͣ£һ³һֻķ籩ֱӳַͣɱȥ
⣡ַƵ͸һɹǿķħ֮˫ͬʱĴʱħ籩ס
ַĽŲٶȲͣĺˣ˫Ħŵ棬Ԫַ˸ݣޱȡ
Ҫعһǿµ籩𣬻һɺڰħƣգ̼䣬һε˺ſռ䣬·𲻶ϵı˺ѿ
䣡ַ˫һ棬Ŀⶢգÿµ籩ȷһʱ򸸱ߣĻôǿνļ츳
˿Ѿоǿµ˺ŰҪ˶˺ѵǿޱߣҪɿֲĽɱ˺
ˣһ貶Ŀǿµ籩ѹ֮£ϾȻһ⡣
ţعĿ΢΢һ漴Ϳڲϵӣ·˳һڲͣȥ
عͫ͵һ籩һ̶·С࣬ƺڴ˿Ѿ˻ɱַ㣬ĿĶĹ⻪
ʲôַһŽµ貹⻪ղԪ֮ģù⻪ϵӡ
ַ㵱Ȼ֪ʲôȻȴҪװ֪
յпµķ籩һ˲࣬籩صعӵͷϿգֻĿⶢŵ֮ϣ˼漴Ԫ˸̼ͣ䣬һ⻪˸漴һȥ
ţȺУλͽͫ͵Щǡ
ǵԪʼ˳Ԫ渲סܿ죬֮ϣԽԽˣ޾Ĺ⻪ԽԽ죬·ڹһͼ
¡¡µ棬˺ңҲֿˣֻңŵϹ⻪֯·ͫ˸ǣҪ
ңľӡ鹬ǶǰһУ֪Щʲô
սˣַعӲսˣңˣͬͣսˡ
ϹȺǰһУоƺʲôҪ㣬һ̵Ŀռ䣬˵ļž
СĪ֪ѩַ߳ķһۣȴַ̧ͷţʦǿܻһȿռ䡣
һһȿռ䣿׻ᷢʲô
λҪͷˡع̧ͷеңԼЩǿ˵˿зǳɻΪλ·֣ѵյǿڲմʱѾƽ֮
Ƭ·ƺҪƬմճ
Щ˵ͷŲһ磬˵֮ϣصλãֱ·֮ϣһ̣ǵ϶ޱ貵ԪŶֲԪҡϣ嶼סʱһ·ϵţˮţֻǶݵ˲䣬ɽĿ·֣âҫء
ʲô˭ճǿ·ȺͷҵĲţַ㣬Ȼ䷢µ·֣Ϊǰδ˷ֹ
ңǿ߶һۣǷֱӶԷп𺳣ǽ£貵Ĺ⻪У·̺һ
һ֡ңȺ˵һ˷׷׵ͷɫȻ
˲մ󣬽ƾһ˵֮ܽ򿪡
ãһ֡һ漴ǵϣһɹޱߺ嫵ǿʼ˳أƺ΢΢š
ͬʱһɿµӶ棬ڶҡ
䣡ң̧̤棬¡ı֮ع
䣡
ꡭЩǿһ·صĲԽԽˣǹ·ŵĹϵĳ߿ա
ȺоǵڲͣҡΣͷ˵ţյһ˶еĸܵˣΪյ
֮⣬ȺܵһȡޱߵĳȣŰĳȡ
ҪʲôˣȺͷ󺧣Щǿ߲ûջԼڼӣһ˫£Ȼ˰ǽմ·̻ˣͺǸԿףҪģԿףմ
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ȺһĿͣ𺳵ĿŴƶǵ壬ҲڸŴƶ
һޱ߿µĳ֮յȺϵκյУһɿµĻƶˣֻһ˲䣬ͽƬնӡͨ졣
մС硣
ַĿ𺳵ĿǰһУ·ΧɽɽΪᣬؿѣ¶һС磬һֻƺһþС磬СǱڵɽ
Ǽһֶͨ죬򿪿ռ֮ŵ·ճЩǿ߼ʵֲҲ޷Сġ
䣡µĻȺѿĴƶм֮أһɽĸ𣬾ȻС統д˳Ⱥǰɽ޾Ļ档
һɽңǹɿµĻ֮󣬾ȻӣҪɽҲȾɻɽ
Ǹͼ̻ĳ޾ɽ
ַĿⶢǰľ󣬼𺳣Ǳͼ̻ģǴ˿̵龰СʵĿռ䵱У졣
桢棡
ַĿ⿴ɽɽ룬һֵɽм侹һ޴ƶУȫĻ棬ƺǴӶ


0925 ֮
ȺĿȫɽ壬͸ɽ壬Ƿ·𿴵һŻ棬֣ɽµĻӳ֮£ƺ͸
ɽл𣬻ɽ
һŻ˿˿֮ɫʱʱʵΧ·һƬնûɽʯһƬĻ⡣
𣡡һЩ˵ͫȻ棬ǿޱȵ𣬵Ѿһʵ񣬶ǰ֮ɫζ
֮ףعӵͽ΢ɽȻ֮ףһҪõ
ߣŲһ磬ǵڿն𣬳ǹĻɽжȥ
񹬵鹫Ķľһ˸е֮ס
λĪҪǵԼعӶż˵˵һʱλǿ΢¶˼ɫɽеȼǿĻ棬ǴЩͽе֪ģ֮ԽڴɽͽӴ˶ȷ
λͽҲΪ˶ӦһЩ磬һЩö⣬ء
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֣ûжĺôܹ֮øҡعӿԵĻ
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ʣµı꣬ϲģǼ֮Լ֮ǣ𣬸Ӳܷ
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ƾͨɡֻǱ국³һŲǰ磬֮ףó֮ǱõܷӿֲЧãȻ⼸ˣֲôóѡ
һĮĺֻǻˣһ֮ȣʱһɿµǱϣһ·Ҫͣ޷ǰ
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ҲһЩ˶֮죬ǳԱߵ޾ɽȥҪӽ֮ڵɽ壬㲻֪ܷлõµĻ棬ҲҪһԡ
ڻɽİ֮أɽ岻ϱѣȺڿ·ɽӲĽ·
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0926 ħ֮Ե
ѩƮȺֻħӰͻأĴԭʧǵͫ͵ˣ漴Ǳֿħٴγˣһγ֣ѩ·ľͷӵ֮׵Ļɽ֮ء
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عŭһԵ쫷ӿ֣·һ籩ħɱȥҪħûڷ籩֮С
ħڷݣֻħϣȫǴµħϢȻΪǿֻһأħ֮⣬Ѿ˸оĿ־塣
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ꡢҲһ֣ͷųµĹҪħ߿ȥǾ֮ױ˵õ
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0927 Ĺħ
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ٿɽ֮أ֮ױʳԽԽ΢ˣͿҪȫĲʳʧһλͽ޷Ȼˣͽ棬ȻҪշѹַȡ֮ףȴƺˡ
ңæعӺһ˵ЩǿҲ֪˹ؼʱ̣ǱҪˡ
˵ĿⶼǶ֮ףۺħڵ۾ȴĶַ㣬ԣַ֮׸


0928 
ַ㿴Щǿ߳Ŀʱ΢΢һͫױ䣬еѩٶȻƮħϣųһа֮⡣
䣡
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ž첻ϣ浱ȻҲ֪Ҫ㣬˿̵ʹóĿǰʹõȫֶΣٶȽ֮û³֮⣬ûеڶֵܹزˣַ֮ˣһȥҪ֮׷
⼸λͽ֪л棬бӦôܹȡıϣûַԼĳ֣һȡ֮ס
ߣң³һ֮ң쵽˼ĵزŲ֪ʲôĻ⾹Ȼȡ֮ףѰ·ǸղŲǵʵͷ֣Ҳ׽Էɱ
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0929 ͻ
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ŻĽ֮ɵˣң͵ǵʧˣӰǻΪƾǵǿʵ׽˽ɱסȻȴû뵽ԥʱ򣬱˾ǰˡ
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͵ѹң̤ң磬Ż׷ȥȻﻹ׷õԷӰѲ֪ӰǻҲڰ;һɺض׵Ӱ١
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ңԷ͵ǿߵ棬ȡ֮ף뿪ˣʧĳ嶯
ܿ죬ңعӿңǿߣɫѿŭáܺá
ңǿͬɫѿǺγԷ仰ס漴ߡ
˭ʱңŭһĿĳȺɨӹȥ˭ƻǿİռ⣬ضǵȥ·
û˵ղűصĿѾȻ޴棬Ҫҳ˭ˡ
˭𣿡ع˵˿̵·Ҫŭйңϣо¶һܡ
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عͽôʦ֣Ҳͽңʵµͽ
֮ͬһص㣬ٿڴᡣعһ˦䣬漴Ųʧ
⼸λͽĿ˸ƺ˼漴Ҳ׷뿪
λ;סɽׯպپ۰ɣڴᣬʱмͽ룬رɡң˵һȴǰЦһãЩͽһңڵˣأңΪңڵĸõĺôȻ
ȺУѩɫÿЩС쵰ԼУҪͽһظΣˡ
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һ︽Ȼ߶Ҷ֮ףȻֶͨ죬һôҲҪԼһЩôַаţ˴Լô˵Ҳǰһһæ
ϥַҲڶбĿȺ뵽֮׵ˣƬɽУö֮ڶš
ϣһı΢ƺڱղʳ汾Ϣȴڲϵıǿ
ַ޲һ֮ȴд֮ھϣκεϰһпΪֶΣ⣬ݵֶԼٶȣҲעǼµġ
֮󣬶Уһɿµĳַ֮㾪Ŀ⿴棬˿ϸǵĻƺ΢࣬ϢȴǱ÷ǳĿˣ޽ӽ䡣
һ׵ҪͻƳΪַĿ⽩ӲδҲ̫ЩϲƣҪ࣬ÿһ󾳽綼һ޴ļҪȲǰУȻ棬ȴֱ֮ףֱԾü󾳽硣
뵽һĴԼǿµַ֮ҲȻ֮߶ɵ֣Ȼܹ֮ûȻа취Ϊȥ
׵ۣܲû棬һǸڰɡ
ҪͻˡַĿһܵǻǿϢ΢΢ˣռ档
ʱ嶼࣬һɿµͻ֮ڷţ壬ڽӴ޵ĳɳҲųɳ
䣡һɳȵĻ죬Ŀ£ַϢĸоˣĻϢȻᱻǿ߸ܵ
Ԫתַ㽫ԼţŸоЩ
䣡һ죬γһŻƯ
䡢䡢䡭һµϢţţϣ˾Ż򶴸ϿգӡһɿµĻ棬ֲޱȡ


0930 
Ͽڱѿһ޴Ļ֮ǿµľ͵ٳڡ
ַĿһһĿһ涴ڡ
𣡡һͳĺ³Ǿŵ˲ۣյУûһõӰӣӰӼ飬ϢȻǹʣȴһ֮С
ǡ׵ַۣһǵǵӰֻӰƣɻ滯ɣһû뵽嵱У¡һ죬ޱȵĻ죬漴Ӱ޾Ļһû뵽嵱С
޴̶ͫȫ֮ͨɫ͸˿˿İ죬ϣǹɿµ֮ǿˡ
Ļ湦֮׻ûȫĵַ˵һôЩ
ַĿһ漴˹˲ϥʼշ쾭̼䣬һɿµĻϣԪת
ſ죬³һڻ棬ǰɫַ֣ϣֻ˲ַܵһɿµĳϢԼ塣
̫ҰƻǿȣĽɽԪУ֮ΪĻ档ٶ˵ǹôԵǿʢĻʣµ֮ףַҲ޷ܵס˵ɵˡ
ַᣬԪת֮·ҪƿӡĽ֮ɵԪ֮ĵԼԪ
ʱ仺ĶȹַϵԪ·Ҳһ˿֮ɫӵĿˣϢҲڲϵǿš
Żǿȣַסǹɻ뵽ַȥַϢǿ
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䣡죬ֲͬͷٳڣַ˫âȼյĻ淢žǿ졣
ͻˣַĿ΢΢̣շ쾭Ļ·𶼱øǿʢˡ
ͻˣľ㹻ӵڵˣصȫܹԦҲͻƵ˳³ַ˵ͷǾ粻ĻҲ޷ͻƵˡ
һµĻȫû뵽嵱Уַ㿴棬Цû뵽֮׾ֱͻƳǷԻˣ
Ȼԡ浭˵һַ̼ǰһͷɫ꣬ǸղǳֵӰȻôҲıΡ
ðԵϹޡַǳЦ£ǰ곤˿˿֮ɫ˳ɢǣһɫĽۣ͸һɹɿµ֮һ㲻࣬Եҷǳ˧Ŀݡ
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׵ۣ㿴ҺΣַ㺩Ц˵
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ַֻ֮Ŀ΢漴㲻мҺҪԽ̸ҡ
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ַаһֻ֣϶򵥰ɣ


0931 ˻ʮ򣬾ʮ
ڴᣬͽ֮׳֣ħ߻Ϣ֮㼱ٵĴ˳ȥʱǬһƬ䶯˳ǹųǵķ˵ͽҪ붯ʦ֡ͽ֣Ϊڴ䡣
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գպڴֻʣһգɽׯƬɽУһӰпɫƣ˿˿̬ϢȻߵͷޣȴǸǿҵ塣
һͷӴϹ棬Ŀ壬µĻ˸о˿˿⣬ңĻë˿˿֮ɫǿҵӾ
ţȻϳַⲡ̬һεڴڴʣͽʦҪڴλá
޾ȻϹޣǿϢʶкȺַ֪ģʵ
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֣޻棬ƺ˲ֹһءЦַ㣬ϴοʱ򣬻һͷȽ񣬾ȻֱӳΪδҲ̫Щ
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յħĳǲСַҲͽһô̬ĻȷʵܴЩͽ
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0932 
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ַ㷢һĮˣȻۣ
ţַһ㶣漴˵ͷá
һˣ֪ʵжֲܲصļһս
һͷҲҳұȽãɱˣԺͷΪɡЦ˵ȴһ촫Ǿ޴Ļſֲ֮š
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һµ޺֮ȺĤվȣ·ܹ˵Ļǣǳ֮Ҳ΢΢һ¡ľ֮漴ӡѣӴɱ
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ĺƮͣĻζţȻֻһ˲󣬱ְ
ţ˵ĿһֲĻʧ漴ǺȻĶǰһĻֻľ޴̤ϣдһĨѪ˫ôĺ䡣
꣬ԴƺˣѪС
ޣȺһȻޣ


0933 ع
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Ⱥͷݺݵĳ鴤£Ż⵱зʲôǿ޷ֻһ˲䣬ǿߣȻҧˡ
ַ㶼һȻһ˲佫Էҧˣ
ַҲڱǰţһҧһ³һ漴ҡڵȥ߰Դ嵱оżֻ
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˵ĿҲȻû뵽عӣʹշѹɰַ


0934 ǿͽ
Ϊ飬Һһζֻ֪ԴĿ֮ˣȷһ·ˡַЩȺһǵɫѿǲǰ˷ַ㲻Ϊ飬ߣ
ʵ˵ʱַȴԾ𺳵ֶѹΪͽعӣعӣƾǿѪƣûκεַ㣬ַԸȴֻҪһƣǺεȵĲпᡣ
һƵ̫ˣƵʱƽȻ£ȴ̺һɿֲȻ֮ΰ
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ҲĿһعӵٶȣȻȲⲡ̬ӣһﵽʲôˣһοƱععѹƣһΪͻأȻȫѹعӡ
ĿҲ˸¶ɵɫѵղַΪһأʱ䣬ֿԽһ絽أܹȵѹסعӣ
ɱعŭ籩֣һеͷţַշѹȥ
ַһŭ𣬷֮ƵзֲһĳռݣعӵҲȻһ
䣡µһνعϣһɳȥַĿޱ飬ŲǰĮĵһұ˵Һͬ磬ɱַͬһѴ֮㲻Ǹֻ֪û֪֮ķѡ
ַ󲽿ɱ֮Ũ̧͸һɷ֮·Ҫعӷϵ
عɫҰףǵĿ⿴ЩһȺȴķִ˿̾ȻûԸûһѣֻǱϵĹϵѣЩ˿º޲㱻ϵֲпʵعӸоǣΪͽεҫͷ˱
ʱַѾߵعӵߣۿҪϵعӵɫҰֽĿĶַҶңʦֵɡ
ʦ˵ַĮһЦҲݵģ˽Էϵ֮ͶߣǼһˣʱһݳ֣˭ַ֪㡣
ţټˡַ³һƾ𣬾Ҫɱ
ס֣һŭַ֮һ漴оһɿµĻɱûκεԥַȻˣ漴ղվĵطгĶڣϢ̼仯
ÿµơȺһ̧ͷյпȥֻһŽɫ۵꣬ɫ䣬ϰԵɽâޱҫۣ˵ͫ䣬ĵ·ྭľ䡣
ǿ
Ⱥ̧ͷŴˣֻһۣ͸о˶Էǿ󣬺ǿɿֲƣѾңּĴˣƫƫԷȴᡣ
ȻַҲ֪ԷᣬֻΪһܹ豹棬֮˵Ԫ꣬Ԫ꣬ߵĲΣԪƾãһЩǿ߾˵ܹǧ֮òŻ͵ƿݾͬΪһ꣬侳ܺһѾһ£˶Ȼ̬ߵһȴԿꡣ
ǿ߶᲻ϧһдȥ׷ߵľ磬ǿʵԪҲԽԳ˭ȥƴ׷Ȼ׷Ĺ
˿վеӰȻֻѣȻֻжʮꡣ
ʦ֣ɱعɫ䣬гֵӺһԭ֮ˣͽعӵʦֻ֣ͬΪͽ֮˵Ϊʵ֪عǿ˶١
ȺĿⶼһȻعӵʦֵˣ˿عڴһǼһˡ
˿ַɫһĨ֮ͬ⣬˿µǿַ֣߳ˡ
淢ͳĺַ֪˫ӶеӰ˵Ϊǳʦ¶һκε˶ԷͽУҲӦּġ
ַ㰵ͷаعӣ쵰Ȼһôļһ
˵ȥšջ˵ַȴǻظһʲôҲˡ
쵰ѵһֱɡŭ˵
ɲһõһô˵ˡַ㵭˵һȻ֪½޾һЩץ֪ʲôַȻǳɶ񣬵ٺܺ˵


0935 ֻؽ
㵨Ӻܴ󡣡е궢ַ㣬Į˵һεѹӿнַϣֻһѹͷ·Ҫַѹ
ͽַһЦ˿˿֮⡣
ЦʲôеӰĮʵ
ЦһȴֶƽòƽعӣΪǣΪԼţ۸ڶûܹеùΣΪȴŰΪ൱ɱɱһ򵥣ҿɲ˵ͽǷѡ
ַ㿴еӰǹѹͦñֱ
Űܣֳ֣ɽâŶΪ˧ҫѣҪֱֱӶְɣαװøĪ⣬Ϊ൱һҪعһӸ߿յȵףſһԣֻҶһЩѣûʲôֵҫġ
ַ㵭˵Զ˰Ϊ󺹣һôĵӣ治
ȻѵΪַĶԷͻˡַ㣿һαذһ㣬һЩߵļһ
˵ĺܺáе국ĮĻӦһϧҿվͬ߶ȵһˡ
ҲῴġַЦ¡
𣡡еһɻĽɫâ̫ҫ۶Ŀ̵Ⱥ۾޷
֮˭Ҳ֪ڣɱɱһеɽԽԽǿң漴·Ӷ·һŴĿĽɫ⻪޼᲻ݣַ㡣
Ըһ֮ˣʱԶһַ洫ߣ
ȴûа㷴ӦĿ⿴յУֻһ貵ɫ⻪Ŷӵռ·ڷݡ
ǽ
Ⱥһֻŵɲǣؼﶼʧȥ˹ԣ貵Ľɫ֮ⶼô貣ռ䵱У·һƬգֻ֮⣬޾Ԩ貵Ľɫ⻪ֱû棬Ҳû˹ʡ
ȵƽ޾Ԩպϣֻ֮ɢ貵ĽâѾʧӰ١
еĽɫһĿ˸ŲԶӰһɫۣɫʣޱȸɾ˳Ⱦɫĳü罣ڵ˫貣£޲͸ƮȻ֮ʡ
ÿꡣȺ΢΢һŴˣղǽӰԵĮǿҵӾȻȴһ֮Уһ͵ĿȻղһȴ˵ķ
һµǿߡȺа˵⵽֮ϵɫ˸վǱһɽ޷ǿо
ֻؽ˿̵ĿȻȸղ˼֣Ȼ˿󣬹âҫۣǼ
㾹ȻǬ򡣡ȻǳľȣֻؽȻǬСطʣҪȥĻҲǰʥݲǡ
ΪҲֻؽĮ˵㣬ôҲָȻǬһ侳Сѵо
ʦܣȻҪ֡Į˵οʱֺθɣ
ҿߣԳֵ֡Į˵ɣ𣿡
Ŀ΢΢𣬽ǿô򵥣
ֻؽ˭˲ֻ֪ؽֻأֻؽֻأ⣬ղǵ⣬ֻֻؽŵĹѣȴѾǰµơ
ֻҪֻؽˣǿˣҲҪֻأûаգĽӲʣ
¿գЩͽһһԣӾָȻȴû˵Ϊ󣬵ֻؽûһ˲֪Ϊ̫ˡ
ֻؽȻǬû뵽ģңղžְ¿յֵַס˻һ
عӵĿЩ԰ףΪʲô
ΪμҪַʱֻؽΪַͷûԭֻǼ֣ߣ
ߣͳ֣͵Ŀӣ򵥵Ļȴ͸ŰԾİȻ֮
Զյǿ˸ղ˼ٵƸš
㣡ңǽ˲˳عӣȻ㺰ǬңףΪعӸ׵ԵʣĻعӻûôӡ
ֻһ˭ɫۣȷǷվǷ·޿ɺ
ѩҲˣӰַߣַΪǿˣɵаοң棬Ȼ
֮ףѩ֪֮ױַˣ˿̿ɱ뵽֮ףַ㵽ʲôֶΣȻ潫֮׸ˣƺǲ֮¡
ʦǽعӵʦ֣Ըҵʱһ˳ңʦǷϵãַѩߴ˵֪ǲΪصԵʶԷųϾʶô֮ˡ
ѩ΢΢ҡҡͷǳûôֲǿߣҲʶ
عӵʦֳΪֻؽַ֣ʵʦǷʲô
ֻؽ֣˳Ƭ̣Ŀ˸ţûаӡҡҡͷ϶ĵԲʶ
ǱˡַЩɻ󣬲׶ԷΪҪ
ʱЩǿҲ׷״֮˵ô£ԭΪַԼعӵսģңعӣȻսˡ
£ƺ޹ذɣĪҪ㡣ңź˵
ңң֮ѹȴˣǵˣиǿ˳֣ңŹȻ磬ȻˣαػҪٿʲôڴᣬңźβֱȥء
ѩߵ建ڿգ͸һɺ⡣


0936 ս
ֵĿңϣЦҪٿڴᣬǰλãȻԣҲˣƽ
ڴǬ֮£²Ƿ̫׵ңĿһ
㡢ЩͽƺǬ֮˰ɣȻܲ룬ΪҲУָֿ̡ң
ңңڵ꿡ܣв޲ס
˵Ǭ飬ңŵ飬ңڣƺǬŰɡɫɵĮƽ˵ǿʶԲμڴᣬұҲԣûʲô˵ġ
ǷҪǬΪ𣿡ңĵ
ңŵ˶ô޳ܲɣ·ַЩȥĵعӵ޳λĿãڿǷԼȴȷﻹǬ֮ĳңڲ֮£ңŵǰΪǬףǿǰܵżǬΪˣԺ⻹С
ĿĴ¡ң¿յַŭһֲַĻǶ÷
ַɫһĿĮĿңһϹҪҧ𣡡
䣡ַĻңųһɿµƣĿޱȣϹһ֮˾ȻϹд
ΧȺҲͷ΢һĪǷ˲ɣңϹδҲ̫ˡ
ַĵӵȻܴ󣬵Ȼûӵĵ󣬼ȻѾԹ˵ʲôĻǷϻԷﻹܲ˸˵ټ˭Ҳʶ˭ַǻȥˣң˭ں
ң˵͸ɱ
֪ϹҪҧˣضزأҪҧĻ͸ɴ㣬ȻϹαҪװģַңҪߡ
Ϲ˵ҧ㣬Сĵ㡣淢һͺ֮ͬ³һңϢȵĲһ侳ϣһͷңΪϹ
һɿµɱַ⳯ԼȥȴеѩЦһ˲ȣҪõأҲӦõġ
˵ѩ߽Ųһ磬дײ죬ңĹյɢ
ɱͷң˵
̼Ⱥ˸ЩңŵˣȻҪַ֣ɱ
ȻҪɱҵӣͲҪҲˡѩĮ³һһɱңˣͬʱԼ峯¿׹䣬¡¡ĿֲЩңŵ˺ɱȥ˲ǰ˱ֱӺɱ
ңңŭХһ
㶼Ҫɱҵˣʲôҡһеĺɱȵɽɱ
£˵һɽ壬ȺɱȥֲѹһС
䡢䡢䣡һɽУɱ׵Ļ
𣡡ңŭХɽĳַɱȥ
л𣿡Цɽ⻪ţɽĿֲȥҪңѹס
ϹϹңŵɱңҪңŵ𡣡ַһңǿµŭֻҪַһˣȴңŵˣΪ˶࣬һκɱɱһƬ˭ܹס
Щң˶ɱַˣַ˵ıӻǸ޷ң޷ȫĽǣס
ȺĿⶼӲסû뵽ڴỹûٿѾһţݱ
ңһƺһҪڴλãҪ˴ڴַʦͽϴξͱֹǶڴ⣬ֳᣬŻд˿̵Լڲɱ
Ȼǲַ֪ʦͽҪڴλãǰͲýڴԽԽãѻյʢһЩ
ңҪ׵ĿڴȥأַǵȻͬ⣬뾡һа취ƻ
ңŵһȺʸţϹҲʲôǰ;ԺʦͽôַָָЩңŵˣſޱȣЩңŵһĿ
ǻ𣿲ĻԳս侳֮վʦԲ֣ɱǾ͸ɱһ򵥡
ַָЩ˵˿ԼңѾ׵Ĵսÿµ޷ˡ
ҳȫ㡣һӰ̤ңַ߳ɱ
ַЦһŲȥͷ߿µϢƵʯ̺ΰһɱ¡һѵ촫ң̤ؾս
ɱַһŭȣŶ
Է֮ηַ㣬һƬնַĹӡ
ˣͣ·Ҫѿ㡣
¡һ촫ѣ޾Ľɫ⻪ţյоȻһڣ⹬ȻûйʵȴֱӽԷ棬ŻƵĹڣƺҪ
ַ̧ͣһɫĹ⻪ŶԷȥ˻һĲҪƹڣȻȴ档
ɫĹ⻪ֱû뵽Էü֮Уһ΢촫˲ɫҰף𽥽ڹڵʧȥ˹⻪Ѫ
㱰ɡһŭһû뵽ַ㾹Ȼ͵ϮĨɱԷ


0937 ֻ
ɣΪأΪؾ˾޴ʲôʸ˵ұɡַĺһֲٶɱȥ
¡ռХ˵屻ˣϢȫŶһɱ
ˣ󴫳һƿյ졣
Сģ֮˵Ȼת漴Ϳղűַɱң֮ѪɫĳɱĿⶼһ
ûκεĻֱһƣµԷȻ˿̶Էü֮һâ˸üĹȥ
һɫһ䣬ȥ
档кüӰƿգͬʱ˻ȻתﻹüַӰ˲併٣ֱһԴϣҽֱ֮ǽɫСҲصַС
޳ܣ˸ӰĺַӶʱ˵˲ֹǽɫС˹ǣȻǷʲôûУַ¶һ˿̵Цݣ漴˸ȥ
ңŵǰȴַЦ侳صҿɲ㣬ʱʦֱôĶ֪
ЩֹסһĿЩӲ
ɵļһʱյеĮ³һ޵ͷš
ɣңŵܱҲˣôʦͽˣҶԷʦͽľ綼ңŵ˵ͣǼһصԿص㣬㾹ȻñɶݡǰԶĺֵ˵һ
㣬òҪ֣ҵֻؽسʣ
вңɫһ䣬ź֣Ŀ⼫ĺ
Ҿв㡣ɨһۣĿ⵭Įޱȣ΢΢һһֻؽҪֻؽʣȻֻأҪ̵ĻҪôɱ֣Ҫô
ȴûɱİգԲ򲻵ѣǾƲֻؽġ
ַڵķ򣬴ʱһӰ˻Į͸һɿµϢ
ߣַĿһӰȻһλǿߡ
ҵҪʦξ㡣˻ĮһɿµϢַϣɱ˸
һϹַЦһŲ档
ߡɣǰУһɿµϢַϣƾ֮·лۣһ֮Ҫַɱ
߶һؾ֮˳֣֮һĮߵĶУ漴׵Ӱ̤ɵɫһ
޹ذɡ䵭˵
ҿߣ
Ǽ֣ߡ
һһ貣ʣɾĽɫĽ貵Ľ
֮У͸ֻصϢ
ûصĿƣֻǵֻ֮ȴңŵ߻ǶԷĵ֡
һʱռ֮гһƬ磬Ƭޱ䣬·޾ֻԨУһֻص·
ңŵɫɷףޱѿһƿռ䣬֣Ǻµͨ
ңŵߣ鹬Ҳһ𺳳ˣ̫Ѥ̫¡
žޡ֮ʣ³һԵַ͵һʲôˣյ׵ۣź֮࣬˵֮Ȼ˿Ȼóžޡ֮ʵۣɼ츳жǿ
ôֲ𣿡ַһ
˵ͷۻῴɣģֻǱɽһǶѡ
ַĬһա
ֻԨ߶ȥߵٺˣȴһնʱһչ֣˲ֹס
ǰסֻصԨſ޴ĿӣɫҰף˿̵·ţһıղʳ
ŭһûзֻԨû˳޾ֻ·뵽޾ԨУ·Ľֻء
µ쫷ХֻԨıպϣ·ûгֹһߵӰ׵ʧˡ
ȺĿⶼӲսеѩԼңͣʧߡ
𺳣ֿµʵ̫ˣЩǬİоһĵ׵ĺ⡣
ʲôţľžޣ޷ͨ˿̣ĳǵǰ
ЩͽҲһſˮֻؽֻأ˿ɵ˶һ˸ǣЩͽȻоԼôС
ֻǱɽһǣַɫӲһȻƺܹĻˣŲоžޣ㲻֪ʲôܹĸˣң⻹ֻǱɽһǡ
һ촫ֵĽʣȻ˿ȺĿȴȫһˣЩҲļɵ֮⣬ǿԽǶĿµǣ˵ᡣ
ְС㣡ѩںֵʵԺȴǲͣţַ˵ѾһΣһΣңŵҪɱַʱֳˣ˵˭ΪʲôҪΰַ㻯Σѣ
˵ûһϵеĻѩǲŵģ½ĺ嫣һλֲﲻǬģ·ǬҲ飬Ǭ̨ȴһΰַ㣬òɡ
߶Ը֮ˣҿߣ
ֵ˵һĿɨһȺû˸˵ǶԷʵסˣô򵥵һ֣ҿߣѾˣ˭ɣ


0938 Ż
㣬ǬҪٿڴᣬôƺңŵһֱŰԵѵڴڶң֮Ϊ䲻ɣɨеһۣĵٿǿҪսսһῴˡ
Ⱥһԣʵߣ˶ҷһͨ˸ô˵¿ߵĽ
ôҲоڴ壬ΪūλǬǿߵĽڣǵڴ䣬˭֪ʲôѩĮ˵漴Ŀ⿴ˣ񹬵鹬ĶľӣڴǺ٣ȻˣǶλõĹذɣ˺֣ɴλɢˣҲû˼
鹬ԼľӣǵȻҪԼΪһΪعӵͽļ٣ǸЩӣңŵ˳棬ЩΪ䣬ǰиǣȴû뵽һξͱַͷƻع붯٣ΪҲȻģȴվȻֺ֦ڣֻؽһţǿʵסˡ
Ȼˣλɢ˰ɣ˻ȥһڴٿʱ򣬸λһ˵˶׷׵ͷҲֻˣձͲڴٿ֮գʹ˰ˡ
λܸǬһѩߵ˵ûʲô
ȻˣټɡңɨѩԼַһۣ޲ɱû뵽һսȻǿҵķƣʹң˲أ߶һλңŵĴǲС
Щ֮ˣ类ڽ¡Į³һңַһۣ漴Ӷ䣬Ҫ뿪
һ治Ϲҧˡ̵ַ˵һңͷһɱңַڿĳΪϹд
˶׷뿪ȴɨһۣҲʶһǬڴᣬ˻һգǧҪҿߵ鷢
˵գֵĽŲһ磬ɫӰʧȺߵУȺ޷˾ֻһ
һ·ֻ֮ţ˶ֻصУֶͨΣ̫ˡ
ʦҲȥϢɡַеѩߺһѩ΢΢ͷ彵䣬漴ַһ뿪
ǲûбɽׯ˰סǻɽйһޱˣʿСڣΪλǼ֮£Ļһ
ַѩһ֣ͷ֪ԷʲôˣΪλǣ²ҲֻǿߣĻǸ֪ν͡
ַʶǿӦˣȻϡ
ҹɽһ⣬ַͷ޾ǿգſԱߵ溰һαۡ
ΰۣ£˶Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ĵҴۻ׵۱ɣغΰۣ֮ǿͨ죬ҲƲΰ֮һ֣
ַĻ㶣漴˶ԷαˣɵЦ£Ǻα۸ϰЩ˵ֻؽžޣֶΣ츳Ǻɣ
ȻУ׵۵ĻӦǬھ½ֻǸСط㲻֪жţǿ֮˶ֱӼ̳и游ǿѪ꽣նֻأӦֻ֮⣬ټϱľʣӵмǿܹʱ򷢻ӳȿµһƿգֻأ
ˣδؽǳΪʵһΪۡ׵۵£Ҳ̧ͷƬգ֪ʱܹػǰӲ񷡣
ȻѾ䣬ۻ̫Զľ룬ǰ·ܳ
㿴ǲҲܳΪʻߴ۵ַЦʵ
ϻбָ㣬ܲΪʣڴۣҪ컯ˡ׵۵˵һַĿ˸˼ƺۻڻ֮ϡ
αۣ֮Ϊʣ˼ڻ֮ϣľ絽λֵģַɻʵ
˻֮Ͳٺͺľһˣں˵Ҳף㲻ҪøԶԺ㵽֮ʱұ֮Ļ֡ӵĿַ㣬ַޱȡ
֮ˣǷиǿľ磿嫵޾ǿͷϿգַƺʹеħ֣ǰ˸
ľ磬ܷ̤ǿգ
֮ϣ׵૵һ漴һĬַعͷͿҲգ֪ʲô
ַҲף׷ңԶľûκε壬һͽ͸ǰţ·ܳ
ַ³վαۣߣǳȥ߶߶Σ
Ӵҡ£Ŀⶢַʲô
ٺ٣ַ¶һ˿аЦĵȥЩңŵˣ
쵰һҪ۰·ܲԸվ漴ַƿա
ɽׯг˼ͨĻ⣬ңŵ˾סĵط𣬱˷ˣȻ˭ŵĻ𣬾Ȼûץ
ңףңŵҲоޱͷŭ챻һ˲أϻ˷һѻƫƫֶҲֱܴ衣
һѻȻûзңŵˣָңŵһĶ⡣
ֱڶڴٿʱңŵһǳѿ


0939 ɱ
ַ㵹ǸоˬãǿңȺʱоʹ졣
ɽׯͨĻ潫ҹ⵽ô¡ַ㵭³һĺĺ˲ɱ˵Ŀ⡣
ңҲ˲併ַϣ˵ǻǲŵġ
ҷŵңŶ޷ס˵ңһȺ̵ַЦǻȷŵġ
ߣңһΪһֱ㣬ҲԶϵߣңţѾǸˡ
ַɫһͣû뵽ԷȻ
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ȻַЦǶµĹأȻƫЩˣҪ˵ǿԼһȵģҪǸ̨ϵȺڴȺ㻹ǿǵС
һ㣬˶֪Щ˹أҲ޷ˣһۺ˵Ҳɡ
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ƺֻ˰ɣһ˲վȥ˭֪Ƿ仯ַָŸ̨˵һĮɨַһۣ漴ǵĽŲһ磬˸̨֮ϡ
׵ۣ׼ַ֣洫˵ͺһʾף漴ĵʧû˵ע⡣
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ҪΪڴվϸ̨ٸһʱλǡ˵ûȥЩȥܹùȥҲֻֿԶѡ
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һĲҽ֮ЩĹ⻪ǻɱ壬ǿޱȣ߶ܹ˺ѵֻһ˲ͽüɱ
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ңޱңңõ£ڿգͬʱͷſµϢ޾ųȥûа㱣
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0940 ݱ¶
ȺȫԶԶӿЩû˶վյĸߴĿĶ¿ǻ֮
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0941 ɱ
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0942 ÿֲ
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ƺҲе飬һַ㲻֪ǵķÿζҪַأַرλ壬嶼УΨ屻ˣºܿҪ峬ԽΪһ塣
˿̵ӣƺ˵ʲôȴһ仰˵ַֻ㲻ѵɣظķַɲһĿҶַʲôĻҪΪʸ֮ġ
ַ㣬ؾУ׵õʲôĿ𣬶请巽¶һḬ֮̃⣬ȻΪµַԲóģһ챦ˡ

ʱǬ֣ڴ֮ˣѾص۹ڣƺƵĳصķǰС
֮·ص۹ȺһɫѿôǿҪأضԾǻԵģص۹֮˶صİҲǷĵģ۹ֻҪ츳õˣȥҷǳ˽صּΪ˵۹۹ȻҲȰء
ص۹˶ԣأҲǵ
һﾹȻһֱǣѵȥزɣ¿˸طȥ鹬һâƻӶʱһŻİ֮¿նȥ
¿յȺ̧ͷգ˲ϢɫҰף¶֮ɫ
¡¡ֲĻ촫·һƬ֮أ˶һƻ
һ鹬·ɱһȺһɫƽûа㲨
α˶ŭ֮˶δ뿪ܿ죬Դչ֣ʹ¾أǵѪ񹬵ĳˣ˵һǵĿ⵱жЦص˾Ȼûأ˴رɣ


0944 
ѩɽããİѩƮ£ż֮⣬У͸һĨĨɱ֮
˿̣ص֮أƵȺһյУɫ䣬ããѩɽͷ·ڶԼ㡣
ˣЩȺڴǹųǣһ·أΪ׵ȻλǬ뢣дһĨڴۿǾܹ嫵Щ겻ȻأǬʷг
ңеһԴΪǵģǽǵ
ȵظ֮һĿַ꣬㣬۵ģҪַá
صˣǶ𣡡ңǰһˣɵĮĳ
ң˵ЦˣǴڴ֮ɱزѵӦսɣҾˡһЦȺ¶ЦȻǶѾˣؾ;κεĻˣգأ
߰ɣȽظ˵鹬ƺļ񹬱޲֣֮ܶһնɱ
Ⱥһۣ漴ȻһЦҲ֮ããѩɽС
ԶĿβ֪ͨһܿ죬һ˴ԶɫһĿԶѩɽУܹӰţңֻǳ֮Ʊ鲼ˣѩ嶼ǿյġ
Ȼ۵һˣô
ȺЦߴտҪˮһսΣ
ȻضѾ֪ˣ֪ͨĿ⿴ԶϿյˣ˵
֮գ뵽ػнո֮֡
鹬㲻ôֱ˵͸޵ɱ⡣
Ҳ񹬣һҪһΡ˻ӦһƽȻ
ľЩ죬ߴվŵȺƺЩɻ󣺡£֮˾˵ĵȻ㵹Щ
ôģҲѾ֪ԼҪ𣬱㽫˰ɣҲѲһңһ
Ǭ֮һؽڽոһֵüӡһԺۺħˣڵڸѩɨӣĵصĵַ㾹Ȼڴᣬֹ
ԣַ㣬˶ǳע⣬ַصĻǱٺòˣ벻֪١
ǽأҪԭ򣬱Ϊַ㣬˵ΪַϿеı
λôңʱһ漴ȺĿ⳯Դ֮ؿȥǱ㷢֣ߴм䣬ǻ֮أһݵӰյУĿ⵭ĮĿˡ
ַ㣡
Ⱥһ漴˶¶Цַ㾹Ȼأòˣôǿڣַ㣬ڽӡ
ַ㣡ʱһĺֻعӵӰ̤ȺǰĿƿռ룬ַϣĵ𣿡
عӿеȻָɫƵӡ
ͽַع¶һ˿̵Цݣң˵㾳ͬͬɱŶϣֱһ裬Һ۸ڶķΪλܸоá
Ȼ㣡عĿ𣬱ޱȣ澡𣬺ݺݵĽһ
Բѡңĵ
ϹվˣһﶼҪǰУǿɱַдżϷʵЦ⣬һ衣
ǣ񹬡ңţǬֱЦɱѩ£ȴȫҪأַ㣬ɣַվǡ
ַŰ裬ָָЩǿߵգЩϹɱңұؽһһ¾
ַĻЩǿһɫ䣬һ֮ˣȻָЩǬ裬ֱ޷졣
û뵽ôҪҪɱ㣬һͷͿԡң˵
ϹϹֻ֪£ַ㣬ɱҰַƵ
һɱ֮ңţϿʼɱ⣬úõַ㡣
ǼйŹ֣ڿ⼤ŭǣⶼ𣡡ʱһĮĺдңĿһ˸ô˵ضŭȻ˵֮ȴ㣬΢΢һ
йŹ֣
Ҳоˣַ㣬ƺȷڼǡ
ֲʶųȥϸĲ̽壬ܿ죬ǵɫһ٣йŹ֡
˶ǿɱѾԼʾرɣûȥ⣬û뵽֮ϣһƵİϢ
λǿߵĿ⻥һۣҪأҪСһǣؽʱ⡣
ַĿ⳯յеȥһĮ֮⣬һһ־Ҫɱúֳֽ֣ļƻҡ
Ŀתң˽ĿͶȺЩɫһ͡
˭ȥַ
Ⱥ׷ױܿЦַڵλôߴ֮䣬Ȼÿһ붼ԶַÿһҲкԶľ룬߶ԣЩͬԺܿԽȥַ㣬ͱҪߴм䣬صĸء
ûԸȥðա
ôҪڴٿ֮ǵԼȻû뿪ҪأͱӺɱۣң˵ȺɫΪѿƨԼǸЩ˵ĶϷԼǰȻȥ̽˭Ը⣿
ַڵλãҪȥǰԼҵĴԿԳԮѶ̫ˣȥҲƽ˵ʱ˶ͳؼȻΪַڳҪǬԿ㲻ַѡ
ң£漴ָ请ȥַҲУôǱȹɣΪȷ棬ûɣ
ȺɫѿңĮɫҲֻ
ǿҪǣһһ壬Ǵصһȱڣ
İɣΪɨϰң˵Ҫصİ֮ʲô֮


0945 ֮
ңĿв֮£һӰĳڵķ̤ȥʱʱĻһۺ棬֮ûиϡ
ãңҲ½ǣһ𿪸壬ȻҲ֪ѩɽеһѩ壬Ҳ׾ܹġ
ܿ죬Щǿ请ǰԶǵĿⶼ请۷֮ϵӰ˵ؽձرѾǴڵֿͽνˡ
请ϵȺǣûǵĻֻһĨЦ
رر𣿻Ǵ
֮ʱΪ˵̰ŵõԼƾò֮Ӷ֣֮ҷȰһ䣬ڹػüֻҪǸҶس֡ɱ⣡
ѩ߿ЩȺĮ³һЩڴǰ˵У˽ΪգеõʵȻûУֻһζŲʵʵĻ룬Ҫϣܷ֮һ
òܣأŸɡȺŭȣ漴˵Ϸ׷ʱµϢҪ请ϵȺ֡
ܺãѩƮȻһɿµı֮ܿ죬请֮⣬Զգ·ڱᣬס
Щɱ请帽ȺһµϢȻ˿µϢҪضס
ȻִҪأôҲĪˣأ⣡ѩ³һֲİţһ̼һȺӰȫס
͡͡һֲĽ֮Ŷ漴ͨĽţޱȵҫ۶Ŀǽ߳ˣ
ɱһߵĽն£޾Ľ֮âŰ첻ϴɵı񲻶ϵѿڱе壬Ҳ֮ѣԶĻ
λһˣȫ
ǰ֮˵ĽŲֹסĿ⽩Ӳʶأôܹģʵֲߣ֮ˣһߵ֣߳صǿǣס
ңĿ˸ûãǲЩǰ̽öû𵽣ҪǹϵֻҪ֣߳˲ͽ˶ĨɱһҪߵĻС
ٶزˣҪأѵ벻һ֮ⷽˣһ𹥻壬ȿȻһ֣Ҳ𲻵һѩ塣
ң˵ǰУʱԴӣʱ˸ңʲôңԣҲкüλ߼һΣŶһ壡
ңǱøĽ请۷ǧ֮صλͣ£һֲ
ңԣųһУϣ͸һɹɿ֮ڲϢ
Ҳţأңϵĺţ˵ɱ֮ͬһʱͷųҪ请
𣡡
ʱߴѩ۵֮أַһʱķһĹƿ񷣬âҫ죬ȵɱ֮
漴ķҡķ򡢿ķķ򣬳请⣬ѩ壬죬һ̣Ͽյѩֹͣ˼Ʈ䣬֮УһѤĿĽȡ
ţȺͫ͵һô£ʲô·Ҫ嫵ض棬ÿ¡
ʱȺĿ⿴ѩ嵱Уһɹɿµ˳һ֮ᣬ۵룬ַڵĵط
죬쵽Ⱥ۾޷ϣ˵ƺȻֻһ˲ɣѩĿֲͬһʱ̻۵ǻ֮ء
͡ȺĿⶢǻ۵·һ貵Ĺţҫ۵ôʹȺ۾ǵ΢΢
ÿµǻѩеǿ߶õ
ˣյУ貶ĿĹ⻪ҫ壬漴Ⱥֻߵһ磬յУ֮ϣ޾Ĺ⻪˲ҫһ̣ߵĽ·ԻһС硣
ص壬˵ңԶȴһˣĿֲȫɵ֮ϡ
ˣ
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һŭ֮ңķӦ죬ٵĳȥңʹö硣
ɱ
ѩһŭȣµĽâƿ񷣬춼·ҪնһãһеĽ֮ǰţûнֻй貵Ĺ⻪·Ҫ˺һУһߴѩ
͡͡һӰյб貵Ĺ⻪û㣬Ҳ޷ټԶʧˣ⻪֮һжˣǼ֮⣬ǿ߶øϵʥɱȻһߣĿֲ
ԶȺһ۾ôģĿĶǵ֮⣬ڼ
һ֮ûκεͣϢѩһʱһɿµ˳յε·ǻ֮ػۡ
ͬʱȨ塢ҡ壬һпµĻ֮ţ⻪ҫۣ˲Ϣ֮أ֮⡣
һΣ˾ٽĽںɹ⻪֮նһɲǣԶȺһúȻ
͡͡յУ֮һУ鹬ˣһɫ԰ףǺµԽһж
Ҫ
˷ĺۿǹ٣ȴΪֻ˲ͱµļ֮ûһ˿ûУıû


0946 
޾ѩɽ֮ϣ֮УĲҽ֮ϣ˱ûΪޣҲ屻նһȴûʹĺţǵźȻĿ־壬ôأô˿µ
Ҫأʸ𣡡ԶһƮǵĶĤУ޲ľǰ˻Ϊˣһν׵ıȻֻһ˲֮󣬱û˸Ϊߴѩ壬Ȼοµɱһ߷ںΪһ֮⣬һС
Ǽ뢵ҲţңղţĹ߻·ܵϢܹĿֲ
ô졢ô죿
ǵŭţǺڴٿΪڻصʱ򲻳⣬û뵽ʵԶе⣬ڻǡ
ٶܵĻ˽һǶԿֻҪеһ壬𡣡յУ㿴ҵȺ³һĴ뵽֪ȺĤУһ
ûУɢԷһɱȻȻ˶ǿ߻һֹжôµѵܻԷ߷ɡ
Ҫһ壬׾١ٶȿ˵Ŀ⿴߷壬û뵽Ǭ򣬾ȻĴ
׾٣ַĿ⳯յ㿴ȥĵȻ׾٣ҪҪͷһԣ
ţüͷһһâַ㱬йʲôʸ˵
عӵûʲôһķֻΪԼ͵ǰعǷﱻ裬ֻؽʱƨҷһ㲻Ǹķѣɱ
ַ㵭Į˵ҪɱּƻַҲòſˣɴཫƤ˺ƣѵԷһֱѹַ㣬ҪһֱɣĻ˶Է棬Ϊǡ
ɫѿû뵽֮裬ǰַΪûʲô
ָ߰ңعӺһΪ൱ǰҲعһһͷѣ衣ַ˵ôɱҰɣҾ㣡
һȥɱַ㣿һڴڴģȥɱᱻ˺ѰɣղҪңȥɱֹˡ
һĺѿġĮв˵
Щνͽѵֻ˵ִҲ˵һáܡַɫԽԽеȺǻһ飬ҵָȥ֮ڵɽ
ָģ请壬请塣
ٶȣ˻գ¡ңңһʱȺжһӰٵĻۣڼݵʱ䣬ѩɽ֮ϣһǵУɲ±㲻ϵյӣ·Ҫͨ񷡣
ɱ请ķһ֮ţǻĹ˶еֻޱȡ
һɱŭһ˷һĿֲȫǼ֮ɱȥ
֮͡͡У̶Ļ֮һż֮գռ䶼ŭ𣬻ķ籩졣
ڴȺĶǱߣ֪ǿ󹥻ûнֵ֮ס
ͣһ̶֮ȺҲ£漴ǾͿһֱ֮֮⳯ɫ˲Ұס
͡͡͡⻪ǵһƶе˱׵Ļ
󣡡ȺĿ˸ңٺһղŻûл˵ǵãһٶֹϿɽ֮׵Ļؿ¾
¡¡ȺͬʱǰǵϣȫھۼֲĻֺǰ请塣
ַĮĶȺۣ
ߴѩ֮ϣ⻪죬ޱǿİڷһ̣ߵ֮ϳƶˣ̺ſµİ
ʱǧص۹֮ˣҲصߵͷȣޱȣأڷĴս
ֲ˳һ·请ۣ̼䣬ߵ·ȫ请ϣһ̣请·һʥ֮ס请嶼ô貣еϢôĿ£Щǿݡ
ѩߡߡߣλߵ请۷֮ϣǵ壬ԡڰĹ⻪Уޱȵʥ·վ֮ۡ
֡ɱңŭһʱеȺȫˣ¡¡ɽХرסǺ飬޾ͬʱɱͬʱ请λҲˣϵ֮⣬ͬһʱš
һ̣Ʋ񷡢졢磬޾İҪһж


ֲŭҽ֮ϣ˺ǿߵ壬綳ǵĻ˲޷԰Σǵһ̣֪ж˱
Ҳͬʱ޾Ŀֲ˱ֵס⣬请ϣ¡¡촫·请ҪȻʱȴһ⻪죬请֣ߴѩ壬һ̷·һĪϵгݺύĹĹǻȫ֯һ˳е·š
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Ĺ⻪ȻתƵ˺֮ϣϵȺһ⻪Ƕɫ˲ѿޱȡ
쵰ַǻ쵰
䡢䡢䣡һ𺳵촫岻ͣĲţ˶վȣɽʯѣȻǿĹӵɫȴѿ˼£ַ㣬ֿ壡


0947 ңĲ״
ַ㲻֪ʲôֶΣصΪɱңԶһܹ˲ϢۣµĻ֮
֮⣬ߴ壬ϱ֣֮ΪʥأΨ⡣
ˣ岻ûеõһĴҪΪسܹЩɱȺһ壬յ֮ϣΪ˻ӡ
ȻַΪ֮ڿ壬Ӳŭǰַ˺ѵĳ嶯
ǵȺĿȫϵʱӵɫظӵѿ
ַ㣡޷סŭӶպһ
ַعͷĿ⵭ĮĳңԶ֮صɨһۣĵɱҪһܹǰֻкѡ񣬶ǰһΪ룬Ϊ˱زϧصҪأϱΪش嶼𣬸οС£ǰΪе⻤صζڻɡ
Į͸żǺǿҵķֱַ̣ҪضΣҪӣҾڱ㣬ȻߴһҪеⱻ񣬲˭
ƫƫ⻰ֻƿԣ޾֮УĿкâ˸һֱַ㡣
ַ˵֮ʱ˿ûţһε˿µһγ请ķ۹ȥЩ˼ȻҪأܺǿһξҪǳ׵Ļ
λ֮ʣ֮˶ڷ߶ɱУǰпַġ
һַ³ӵɫӵѿʼ׼һ뵽ȥַˣԺ㡣
ַ㵭ĮЦ£漴عûٿ壬Ƕѩ߼˵ʦǼͷޱȣصչһ°ɡ
ãд⡣
ѩߵ˵ͷĿֱӽңסǴˣڴΪŰ裬ңڵˣҪظ׵ĸһɱˣң
ƺǸܵʲôңĿһ漴请ķȥ˲Ϳѩеɱ⡣
ͬʱԼߣǽĿⶨԼľӵϣ׼صչһˡ
һ𹥻ҪѰĿ꣬ͬʱңȡɱѩ߿˵ңȼ˶ǬľʵǿҪɱǲףǷɢĻֻɱˣȴɱЩʵֲǿߣѩ߲д˽飬ҪɱɱһˣܹɱԶȺԣǻԵĴ
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ߺͻ߶׷׵ͷ漴ǵĿⶼңϣһңһɫ΢Щ԰ףʵӦȻǿޱȣѩɱΣһ·о֮ڳ
ҪңλֵһιĻ˵һľǡңȺŭһֲ·һȺĶĤУҪ˵һ
ԣ˭ӵĻ»ľ
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һŭХ֮ȺٶȻ۹ͬʱԡڰ⻪е请λٶȳˣһεĳ֣Ψһ
˵Ĺһ𣬻һµĹⲨңķշɱȥҫ۵ĹⲨĴ̶֮·ȺҪʹ
ľ͹סңŭһ
䡢¡¡Ⱥһ֣޾ĹȫǹⲨȥȻڴⲨһ˲Ρ
ͬʱǽңûкһ֣̤ңĳȺĺӶ뿪ȺΪܡ
ĹⲨٶȺĿ죬ֻ˲ͽ٣ЩֱⲨɫһҰףž֮ɫͷųԼȥĵⲨĻ
͡͡Ⲩ֮ؼ˸ԶȺܹĿ˵ڹⲨбշ𡢱˺ѵĳ֮֮һƬ֮أǿһ
ŻĹⲨ˵󣬻Ҳôǿˣңڿ񱼣ǿµĻѾεסˣٶѾˣɿ첻ǵĹ⻪
ңŭһôǻĹⲨҪûңŵ䣬Ǭİô
Բܣ
һ̣ң·ȫһĻӰһͬʱ޾Ϣĳ죬ҲûκεΣѪڷš
Բ
һطٶȻޣң죬ӰǧȻǼĹ⻪ɵˣĹ׷˲佫û̼䣬ң壬貵İ׹棡
ЩȺһĿתĶǰŰ׹⣬һǷ·ܶˣңˣǬľѵɱˣ

һ֮¡ըȺӲĶɢĹ⻪ԼгֵѪˡ
ѪǬľң˿̣ɫͷңʺѪӴĿĵǣһֱѪܵģֱûˣǵĹ⻪һʧˡ
ң˿˵ңֱûˣϢԡѪɫǳˡ
Ҳ˵嶼΢΢оĵ׵Ŀ־壬ңȵزҪɱǣǻΣ


0948 ֵĿ
ֻңϵϢֲѪڷ궯ţȺ·ܹܵѪںХ
ߣѪҺΪѪ֮
ʱңۣҪͨѪϱȻѪ񣬵Ƕϵֱ޷̫ˣѪҲ޷ָˡ
ңֶϱ޷ָŭһɫޱȣǬһ³նһֱۡ
ߡߣ
ȺܵߴѩѹٶȽ٣һӴԶص壬̫Σˣңң潫ĿϵĻǻĺܲҡ
ǼӵˣпܳΪصһĿֻ꣬ת˲͵ңߡ
Ⱦ֮⣬ӳ顣·ʱ򿪿˵ң䣬ȴ֪ڼٷŭҲ޼£񶾵˫ɨߴѩһۣҲһ֮ء
ˡ֮˽˿ַ㲼µɱ󷨹ȻأǸܹ
ȺĿⶼǰյӰ֮ϣЩַַȴҲصסУңӴ֮ؽǬ˿ɶҡǵĸѩڣز
ȻʱַĿȴͶյе㣬Ц£㲻˵׾ҪҪҲһԣ
ܵ𣿡˵ߴѩɱۣҲܲס
ǵ⣬ֻ뿴㷢Լ԰ֵһʱʲôһֱ飬ϧҸ߹ˣ˵ͬƨһɢͺʲô鶼ûзһܱ˶ĵĳΪ㡣
ַ㵭Į軰ɫѿɱ˸
ҫܣڡɣַ³һ
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ַЦһӣٺ˷ϻƺַ֮⣬ѩ֮ɱ̼䣬ѩ֮ϣֲϢ죬ĿһĶַ㡣
㣬ĺܲң
˵գתնȥ
β͹ʱ򶼲˵󻰣ǡš
̵ƮĶĤУɫԽΪɭƬ֮ң֮أ֮⣬Ȼвص۹غƺЩأǿЩǿ߳ʱ˿ܿ죬һΪЩˣ¶ɱ
һˣѪһֱ۶ˣɫ
ص۹ˣܺãңɫ䣬Ųһ磬̼䣬һɿµɱ˵ϣȫס
Ⱥͷһ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ǰֻǵ۹ͨˣصӦǨŭǰɡΪ侲ең˵ǬĴ֮ǨŭЩ۹ͨʿ̫˵
ص۹ˣңǹأ
ңɭ˵ԣصˡɡ
ǰЩ֮꼰ͨˣǬѾͿ̿·֮ɫѿ֮ŵ˳ֵģȻĻҶˣص۹𶫺۹ǬͲڵǬˡ
˿ңѾЩýȥǵĻɱͷš
ס֣Զصķ򣬹ŭ֮
ң޳ܣؼǨŭڵ۹֮ˡǿʶ䣬һǿҵŭ⡣
˵ĺңɫȴԽλɭ
ԶصУһúõ¾ص۹ˣ飬ǷǡңĿɱ֮Ŷ漴͵ĳѹȶ£һֲ֮ɱŰ̼䣬¿յȺһɱЩ˵ǿҲֻǵͽ֮ˣܹңһֻ˲䣬ȫˡ
ޡܣѩǱߵһɫѿңȻɥĲ
ǺǣĿ˸ǳЦ£Ǳص˱ȳ澡ʧһأңƺΪҵһַʽ
ȻȺѾЩʣµ࣬ټǿܶ࣬ûǴоԵơ
ң¶һ˿Цһ˽ص۹¾ǴԹ󷨵вһߵ۹֮ˣأǵŷ飬Ŀǻɱǵ˲ңء
ңĻ뵽֮Уߴѩ֮˶ǵɫȫıû뵽ң˵ıɣɥĲ񣬶ԸأȻҪɱ۹ͨˣңѾǲҪˡ
ңΪһ뢣ңŵ䣬Ȼ˵ȱɵĻ
Σңŭ˵ڷϻˣص۹ˣƿǵС
ɱ֮ˡ
ʱյдһ̾Ϣ֮ȺĿ΢΢һ
˭ңһ漴㿴һӰⲽ͸֮⣬˫
֣ңĿһܵ˫֮УһɵĿ־֮⡣
ɱ㶼ҵĽֵĮɨңһۣĮĻȴױȵİȻ·ң׾Ϳɱ
㻹û뿪źֵ
㣬Ǭ֮£Ҳٲ룬Ҳ뿪Ǭ򡣡ֵĮ˵ɫһ
ʲô
ѡҡͷĻҵĽֵƽȴɫѿǳв
֪Ǭ򣬵Ϊʲôתƻ⣬ʵҲȷʵеɻ
Ҳ˵£˵һ뿪Ŀ⿴صķ򣬵ĵ֮󣬰˻ľʯʣͬеһͽ


0949 ˻ľ
ʯʣͬеһͽֵĻɫһʯʺʣҲҪͽ
嫵ľ½ʥǴ½۷֮أʥݽ֮أ㱻Ϊ˻ʮ򡢾ʮ˻ģΪ˻ľΪذ˻ģ˻ľ޾Уӵʮ򣬶ңÿһ򶼺󣬱Ǭ֪Ҫ٣վ۹Ⱥ۲԰˻ġ
ģָǾľһƬصյأԾĵݾģ֪Ƕôֲĵط
嫵ľľʮ۹Уʮ۹ӹɣȫƷ۹ҶʵֲƷ۹Ͼ˻ľʮҲе۹оһЩƷ۹޷ΧƾľʮᲢۡ
˻ʮ򡢾ʮǴӴ˶˻ĺ;ģΪ˻ľ;ľ
ʯʺʶˣǼǰڰ˻ľ֮صλǿߣֶʵ£ڰ˻ľҲ󣬱Ͼܵʯʺϵ̫ˡ
⣬ʯʺ֮󣬻һԭǣ˶˺ʲһʳ֮ʱδͽֻһ״ΪĸЩˣѾʢһˣ磬ֻؽ֣
ʯʺʵ̳ĵӣǾӢˣĽҪ£Ȼʯʺȴûʽͽ
һΣԴǬ򴫴ͣʯʺյһͽ˲е𾪡
һͽ佫ĵλȻҲἫĲһ»״ӣڰ˻ľУʷеÿһڵһͽʱ򣬶Ƿӿ֮ͣҪΪһͽǳɹζŽкܴọָ̃ɻڴ
ʯʺյһͽ˻ľ˰ɣһʢ䡣һΣߣͬͽ
Ȼ׵ǣʯʺʣΪλǰǬ򣿰˻ľѾˣǿƣŻۣʯʺһӦƼ֣Ǭʲô
ѵʯʺҪȺھƽ˲ţ
ʯʺһأ㲻òϣֿҲеģҲСĻ޷ΪκֻǬ򣬶Ҿڴ֡
ֵĻȺĳһЩ֮ˡ
Ȼ˶ͽǺ壬عӵ˵Լǵľ޴ӣǱ۾ܹõͽĵλٱڸعӵˣңЩ뢶Ҫңǣң֮֮ȥ
ǲ࣬ңͽǻ֮ͽ
ʣ߸ϣƶ˵ľǿߣζûгһܼʣ¡
ͽĸ֣̫ˣǵģ֮汻أȫͽռ
ǳΪͽΣʱ̤ǬʱҪǱϥǲŽ磬
ֵĻǳط򺰳ģ֮˵ȻҲ
ߴѩеȺҲ񰵲λߣͽ̫ջˣֻᣬ¾ڰ˻ľ֮٣οǵһͽ
请ϵλԼˣǵĿһ˲תֱӶվǻ֮صַϡ
ں˵ͽĸֵʱǵһʱ뵽ģַ㣡
ַĿֲ츳˭֪عӵͽǵȴսʤ֮ʯʺͽʵĻַ㣬лᣬһ᲻С
ַܵ˵ɵ΢΢һҲһ˿
Ҫ߳ǬģӹɣҪ׷ߵľ磬Ҫгһ½ͱǰǿĵӵи嫵ֻ̨ʱϵѣ˿ֵʱλʦƺ뵽
һʯʺͽʵơѩĿ⿴֮ķ˵
ֻҪ֮֮˻ߣлᣬ䶼ƣֻҪй˵츳һĳȣ䶼ƣҲζ֮ϵ˶лᡣ
Ȼһ㣬츳ߣҪ֪֮ǧǰ˻ľȴһ仰ϣҲĪҪԹԡֲһַ·Ⱥнˮû֮˺֮֮࣬ô׳ΪͽԷ䣬ǰȥ֮Ҳ֪֮
лѩ΢΢ͷַֿһַۣ̾ΪжԼ츳رһΪȻΪԼӵиõǰ̣ʦȻԼ뿪ǰ˻ľ롣
ˣ㣬ҵɣ뿪ǬɡĿϣĮ˵һ
£漴˵ͷ뿪ҪԺֵĽûѡԺֵԸ񣬶Ȼ˵
תգ㿴ȺһۣǺΪ֮
˵գֶͬȥ˸пʵ壬̤ڴ֮ʱʶĿҫ۰ԵȻּ٣Ӵ˱û˹ԣȫȫıѹס˵û˵ʱҪ뿪Ҳߡ
ǣ˻ľ
ֵӰʧȻһĻȴء
ǣ˻ľ
Ⱥɫ̣֮弫⻰˵ģĳһ˶ԣ
Уɻδ⣬ʯʺͽΪǬǰδй֮¡
˵ʯʺʲţҲ⣬ǣָ̤Ǭڴʱ˸࣬Ϊκûֱ˿̣˽أֲʯʺʣͽ
Щ·һ޷⿪


0950 
ȵԼ㻮Ļ߽ȥȺڵҲȴȴѾڰҧ¶ᶨĿ⣬һһҪǰ˻ľһûʸΪͽҲҪۼһʢ䣬½εӢ
ɱһͳĺȺļ¶ĸ˻Ǵңзġ
˻ľͽԺܶ˶ĻȻ˿ȴһֱۣ޷ѪӣԱ֮£ĸʹһеķ֮⡣
أһҪۣҪɱص۹ˣЩصȺ
֮ţڿʼһص۹˽¾һչұ¾һգֱص۹ѪȾ죬Ҫص۹Ϳ̿ĻԶɡ
ң˵ɭߴ壬û˻ỳɴ˿ңķô
ѩϵȺĿⶼǼѿһۣ漴˵ϡ
סѩ壬ҳȥ˵
У˺ȵʦ֣Щ˻ŵ䶼ڣȥһ᲻ֶֶԸ㡣
ԣҪȥҲһ𡣡
һȥҡͷؽصǵ۹Ϊ䣬Ȼܿŵ۹֮˱ɱһ˳ȥĿСһܶԸңһͬʧأŵʵǿһûټˣһȥ֮أ
˵ɫǳÿңһ̫޳ˣȻֶԸ۹ҪЮǡ
ˡʱһƺںǳˣ˵ɫһͣ˵֮ˣַ㡣
ǰȥҪȵ۹֮ˣͱǽ棬ЩȻһԸ㣬˵ĿС޷Ըˣõ۹֮˲ܲˣĻȥΪʲô𣡡
ַĿֱˣһԣ΢΢ҡͷΣַ㣬ˣص䣬ܿŵ۹֮˱ɱ
ģһ취ԻΣַ֡㿪˵Ⱥɫһ͡
ʲô취֮˵ĿⶼַϣҪôܻΣ֡
λǰϿмӿٶȵķӡ߱ԽԽáַȺ˵
Сʱҡ֮ϣҡķַǷ֮壬ʥƣо֮뵽̻һ˿ʥķӡУյٶȻҪ죬ҪĻȫ㡣
˵գҡһ漴ȡһöַָķȥ
ҪõٶȼıºѣֱＫǬ򶼺Сҡһ
ַ΢΢ͷöָץУҡ΢Ƿлǰˡ
˵գַ㽫뵽ָУȻвٵķӡһַȡһöӡ漴תŲһ磬ǰնȥ
С㣬ʲôȥѩ߿ַ㲻ǰУȻߴѩλá
ʦеõ۹֮ҶַƽĵİʦҲµġ
ܿ죬ַ㾹Ȼ߳أص·֮أɻǵȺ
˿ԶоȻַӰǵɫȫһַ㣬ַȻ߳ɣ
Ϲʱһĺַ³׼ɱңĿ⽩ӲعĶַ㡣
һˣַȻһ˳
ǼѾַϣʱַ㾹Ȼ˵һβƽ
ַϣӵмջرܹصߴѩ岼õô¡
Ϲص۹ɱɣҾͲˣңȥһɱ棬ǣ塢ȣĳͲˣټ
ַĿһһɨȺһЦ漴ӡ˲һɷ˵һַ֮ʧճȥ
һɿйιȻȺͷϿգַûгߴѩķߣȫ෴ķѵҪȥңŲɣ
ߵ𣡡ңŭһң̤磬յз·һޱȵĲ̺Ĺ켣
ַ㾹ȻҪǰٶߣôܣͽ·ߣƫҪ
ݣһգŵԦŽ⣬˲ϢʧȺǰȻصĿģΪַ㡣
𣡡
ľӺһ鹬ۺħڵһ˲̤˲쵽˼飬ַ׷ɱȥ
ַ㾹ȻһܳأҪǵȻҪȫַ㡣
ȺһĿ⽩ӲÿٶȣЩٶ̫ˣתۼʧڷ·ûʲôһ
ַ㣡
صİѩڲϵƮȺЩԶȥӰид˸овζַ㣬ѩ岼ʥưΪ˵۹֮ˣ뿪˺̹̹ȵӣ֮ң
ѩߺ˻һۣңԶǷ·𶼶˶Էе˼Ųһ磬̤գķ˸ȥ
˶úõĸҴţ
һȴѩԼת˲ڣЩȺ۵ĵط
ɱ
ŭ֮λ˵³ֲɱ֮ؼţһ̣λˣŭˣһ˲˱⡣
ȺĿ⺧ȻĶˣÿֲϢңЩ׷ɱַȥˣûֵܹ˵Ŀֲ
͡͡һɱǹ£׵ҫ۶Ŀ̼˱
ӡӣһȺʶʲôλǿߵŭܹܵģӣڣֻӣ
ǿߣ˲ͱˣ


0951 ң
յУһɿµķХ֮ض¡¡죬ɼٶжôĿ¡
ַʹõķӡҡĿ̻ɣ֮Уټҡʥһ˿ʹӡյٶȣҪյٶȻҪֲ
ȻˣַѾûнң˦ңŵңԴңžȻĹžмصģ侫裬̺ÿһ·Ĺ켣ټңǿΪԼǶϱ֮ޣ֪˿̵ٶжôѸ͡
һҪַץסַ֮ٽַĥ
Ϲٿ㣬ٶ̫ˡַԶңɫӲַ㣬쵰Ȼ
һ׺ν֮ƮŹΪٶ̫ԵʣַеʱԵģ塣
ûöõʱ䣬ȴѾ֪˶Զľ롣
ϹٶȹȻ죬һöӡͿˡַ漴һһöӡУ˵һ촫ַûκεģֱʹãʱԵķ֮ٶȽ帲ǣٶ˿ûлļ
н֣ǵλǿ߶׷ţǵٶȶԣǶ޷ȵңǵľ룬ԽԽԶ˺棬ֻõңģӰӣ˵ַˡ
ǵɫҲԽԽ֪ңܲ׷ַ㣬һַܵĻͶˣң׷ַ㣬Ҫң̣ƾԼٶԶݰɡ
뵽Ǹļ٣˴жǱżϣأַ㣬ȴƺԽԽԶ
һ˲֪տ˶ãңٶȶټϵƣȻоģиǱޱȡ
ȻҪĿַӵ
ɫԽıңĿַ彥Զȥֱʧ
ڣңĽŲͣϢ΢һ˿ɫѾ˼£ԭû˲ãһӰնȻǺǿߡ
ǿңͣеʱǵҲĿǣһֱң
ˣַˣ
ңΪβ׷ˣ鹬Įʵ˾޴ĴۣҲˣڣػúõģַ㣬ˣһУʲô
ң̧ͷɨ鹬һۣ˿ܲã鹬Ȼʳַϻ׷ַ㣬᲻׷
ǿߣ˿ǶǳѿһΣصҪ쳹ǬˣǵҪֲٿڴᣬִǿɱأյĽȴû˵ûַҲû£ǣ˲֪٣ңϵһֱۡ
ʲô鹬ЩľˣǸȥ׷ɱַ㣬ǻأ
ȻؿлᣬǾһ¾ص۹Ҳַ㲻ң˵ַ㣬Ȼǿ⽫Ǵߵġ
ãȻأ⼸˶׷׵ͷ֪뿪֮ʲô˶û뿪ĻǱΧأ֮޷̤һȻص۹ɱַز
뷨ǺõģǻصأʬҰȺѾɢȥʱжһ֮⡣
ˣڴˣûˣҲѾӵûټȻ뿪֮غܹϵĶˣһɱ
ʱأûκεʴȺЩˣصģɱ޹ص۹֮ˡ
ˣǿˣҲˣյĽ֣ǴŲ뿪ˣûû壬ֻ˵ܹ߸صġ
Ͼߴѩķټÿһߣûһġ
ǬңųǣңŶѾǬ֪ˣν˲֪
ĵش֮ˣҪõϧ֮ԻңųǵС
˿̣ųǵУһλ֮͡
ⲻ֮͵ɫƣ΢żֲ̬ȻĽ£ȴһͷǿϹޣ棬ϡ
ַ̤棬ֱңųǵ֮أңţһ嫿ͷţͬһһݺԽ
յԶԶĿ˼ַۣ뿪ˣңǵ˴¥ϢֱҹɫŨмžһƬʱȴһӰ̤Ϲ棬Ȼĳңŵķ򿿽ңǴп
ңǬİ֮һǿʢޱȣ˴û˸ҵң£ҲΪˣңСǸûκεػΪҪû˸Ҷ
һҹңŵϿգ׵ҹһĨ⣬õĻ棬֮ɫĻ棬֮ƺ޺˵Ӱȴ̫壬סˡ
ţ
ʱңŵУ̧ͷҹգƺע⵽һĨ⣬Ȼȴû̫⣬ֻ΢ЩȺͺ棬֪ʲôȻңŵϿա
Ȼʱ򣬻½䣬˲䣬һŻ׹䵽ңŵУЩĿõȺһ
һŻ⣬ͻأĴңš
ʱеŻȻٵƶһĻⲻϵĴ׹䣬̼䣬ֲĻȼĴ޾Ժɽֶž졣
졢̫ˣǶݵ˲䣬յгһĻʢĻ⣬գ׹䡣
͵ϮЩĿһеɫӲͳʶʲôȻҪңţ
ǼЩ룬ȻǴµĻ˲ֿռ䣬ҹȼңţֻڼʱ䣬ȫȼ˻棬ţȼ


0952 ңŵĳ
ҹУңȴ׵ĵȼͬʱŲҽ֮
ĻһУ˶մȾǰ֮ɫĻ棬ֻһ˲䣬ǵҲȼ޷Ϩ𣬽ıɡ
ºˣΪҪңš˶ŭ˵һŻޱȣֻģӰǣ޷壬Ҳ֪Էʵ濴Էʵߣӵзǳߡ
Щңŵ˸ûиҳȥսŭȳ
ǵڣ˵еû浱дһԵͳͬʱڲͣƶţռ»Ļ棬ҪңŶջ
ܿͻǷס֡һЩǿ̤գֻǶܻ棬ûȥɱַ㣬Էʵɲ⣬ֱҪǲɱȥ
Ϲѵ֪ҪҼңͳһδд¿յһЩǿ߻˺ôĿȻҳƺΪϹңƺΪȻǸߣǲ²ûд
ȻϹҼңұţҲɱǣתϹ˵ĳ˵Ѿˡַһ³һȺһɫѿȻҪš
ĳ˭֪ĸߣҪתһǿߣΪŴ˻
ǰĳԹȴ꼰ǣǷʧ緶¿յĲҽɫѿ˵
ʧ緶ǵϹڱҶϵһ֮ʲô֮дȺͷݺݵһϵһۣǵ˶ϵһۣôܣ
˵
ǲǺ˵֮ȻͿõϹʲôˣȻҵġַӰңŵϿռԼٶңڣ潫ɽȼУһĺ嫴ȫڻ𺣵С
ǵתϹ˵ĳˡеӰ뿪Ǹ߿յĻ⻮Ʋ񷣬ʧʣֻƬ̼ûټ
ң֮˵ɫȴȫ·棬Ƕ۾ˣһңţĻ𺣵У֪ʲôȻôֲ
ĳֵļһ֪ʲôˡ
ңе˸ңڵطĻǶһٻˣ
ңţ˷ٻˣ
׷ʲô£
ңŵһλǿ߽˳Թ˻ţ
У˵ңֱ۶նˣ滹Ǽ٣
һѻңǶȼˣ漴ϢǬӶȥǬİ֮һңţûյøɸɾΪһƬ棬ЩĲϣڻ浱зٵøɸɾҷ
ڶ峿ңյУһӰңŵķ򷵻أնϵֱ۱һסȴױܹǿյģеֱۣûˡ
ңư˶ȥһۣоûصңˡ
ңˡյңǸУ˿յеӰȻң˲˵ע⣬ң˵Ŀⶼһ˲Ͷңֱۡ
ȷңˣֱۣȻıնˣȺͷȻǻ˵ľȻģնңһֱۡ
·;Уңһ·ֱָָ㣬ܶ˶˵ֱۣʱɫޱѿѹһŭ𣬷·ҪйٶҲӵѸˣһӰ⻪ңŵķɳۡ
ڣңңţȴûٿǺ嫵ţǰһУĿ˲佩ɫޱࡣ
ճɽ֮ɫɽͺͺģݲɣҲŽ֮ɫ棬һ嫵ĹûټΪ˳ֻվǷ֮أˣХ
ңţˣΪƽأ
˭ңŭһռ֣Ⱥͷ飬һӰ˸Щ˶ңһЩߺ͸߽֮ˣڻ浱ûи
ǿңʱ򣬵һʱ͵͵Ĵһңֱۣʱ͵һ汻նˣҹûвִٳ֣Ȼ¾ˡ
˭ɵģңɫ£һ
Щһͷֱң
˵ңŭһ˫͸űɱ⡣
ĳУǸǳĻߡһǿߵ˵
жңĵ
жɫһַ֪жǸûкַ㽻֡
Ǹܵеù˲˵
˼˵ǿŻû˳ֹңһɱĺ⽫ס˴˸
˵͵͵Ŀңһۣƺ˼ɡ
˵ңĵ
˵նֱۣǡϹţΪתңŭֻ˵
䣡
һɿµϢͷţңĵңǲһλ꣬˵һɫƵӣ
Ȼ֪Ⱥ˿ǶԷôֲնֱۣҲǵġ
ʱԷ֣ǿݣֻתĳ˵Ҫңţȥ
ĳңšϹֱۣ
¡ĿϢŰſռ䣬Ǵ˿ң֪˭Ǳ׻ˡ
ַ㣬Ȼַ㣬ҪңŲɱ󣬻ңš
ңŵĲɱ󣬶ǻ棬һǿߣŵôߺ͸߽֮ˣǵ潫ңŷٻ١
Ц֮ңʧЦЦмЩ嶼
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0953 ٻ
ǰ۹ĳգһӰնУһͷޱϣƺڳŶ۹ķȥ
һѻңŷٻ٣ңӦ÷˰ɣǰ޳ܣأҪص۹֮˳֣ȻˣַȻ
жʻˣǼţһֱҪַ£ıҪлĻַ㲻ǵҲһѻߡ
֮ף֮״Լʹÿ֮ڣҲֱӷеĻǾ˵ģ˷ңŲŻǰ˳ңңŵҲĹ˼ɣҶ߲ſ
Ƕַ㣬һĻߣֱַļ仰סʹңűٻ١
²úطϢ֮ˣ˱ܲ²õңŵ˾ַ㣬ЩңŵǿߣҪһؾ˽ŶˣЩ߽֮ˣߣĿһеķ
С㣡յдһַһͣ漴㿴һѩɫӰߡ
ʦôˡַ㾪ȵĵû뵽ʱѩ߾Ȼ
С㣬ң֮Ѿ˵ˣҪȥѩߵ͸һĨ֮ɫ·ϤһС
ǵġַ˵ͷȷȥҸһѻ档
һءѩĿĵ
ʦַɫһȺһ齨ڴأҪѵ¾ô˲ɡ
ѩĿᶨַҡͷңŵϢܿͻᴫǬ򣬵ʱȺ֪ɵģǱȻ㣬Ҫٱн̫ΣգڣһأлҪ˵
ַЩģѩֵİС㣬ѩϲõİص֮£񹬺ңżҲʧΨػ᲻ͣ׳һգܹưǬˣǻġ
šַ˵ͷ֪ʦǵԼϾʵ̫ЩңȫЩƣŸ˵ķЩϾ֮Ψǿʵġ
߰ɡѩ΢΢һЦ漴۹صķȥַѩߵ壬һصء
ذ˴Уֵǿɱ󣬻ʹø֮ϳŰϢˣҲ˿
֮ˣһЩǰַľ壬Ȼַ𣬵ַҵԼسΪһУĿá
ߴѩһƽ֮УæµԼѩ֮£֮请ĵλȫһѩߣ͵û뵽սȴǿܹ棬Ȼǰȴδ¶ֱΣʱչ¶ԼĿս
ֻһ㣬请͸ܵأнߡߣ䲻ѩߣҲսˣټַһĴˣȺ·Ѿ请
ַ㣬пܳΪĴڡ
ȻҲпַ־ڴˡ
Ǭʱĺ䶯ԣأ¶ѹţ̨ӦñػҪ
ʱ请ϿգӰ۶请֮ϣѩߺַ˻ˡ
ããѩӰƺڿȴַѩ߻ˣҲЦǰȥ
һӿ湻ģȻңŶһѻˡ߿Ц˵ҲһѻЩǸز񣬿ϧֻȴû飬ַһȴˡ
ַ㺩Ц£ʼ硣
ֹңţǰȥһѻءѩ˵һûһȻһ湻ģ
ٺ٣´ֺ¼ǵôҡ߹Ĵ󺦳溩һЦԴһѻңŸˣһˬɡ
ַǰһȭڴ󺦳ؿڣЦŵһҲ֮ˣôЩǿ߷Ȳǡ
ƨȻսʸûУơʸоޱȱּĴսʸûС
ż˺嫹ǳȥһûлսɡƷҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬˻ľһҪȥжһܲһء
Ҫν£ҲҪȽĥУǵΪ̫ˣ䣬ҲѩѾǺǿʵȻھ½嫵̨Ե̫СˡĪϧĿ˸ҲѪڼ
ҿ˼ѾˡһԵǳЦ£⼸һûһʵ
ַ㣬ʱһֱȺúϢһʱհɣþ񣬶Ҳкô
Ů˵˼Ϊϸ壬Īϧ뵽Ǵ½ȴַ壬Ͼʱ䣬ַҲˣƺûͣǬǰѩ¹ִѩ¹ɱǬһһϧȴûΪֵַ
ַ㿴ĵĿ⣬΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ȷСҪþ񡣡ѩ΢΢ͷ̲֮ޣǸҲܱ̫
ȻڴʱյУһ⻪˸ߣȺĿת漴Ǳ㿴˵Ӱ
֮һХƿܿͶһһѩ֮ϣЩˣǸѩķķҲˣȴϴһ˿䵭֮ɫƺΧ˵ı롣
Щ˵֮Ƕѩߵ˵ͷ漴ǵĿͶַϡ
ַЦ£û뵽Լһ;أ⵹оЩϰߣ


0954 
ַ㣡˶ַ㺰һһѻ𣬿ǽǬǬֲ˲ַ֪֮ˡ
ַЦ£ȷز˴ֻңţ벻Ϊ֪ܣºܿǬ֮˱㶼˵ַ֡
Ϊز󣬲ΪʥأͬʱҲʹؽǬ򲻵ЩΪġֿ˵ַ㲻˼
ַΪһ֮ˣұΪشߣֲΪ󻼣Щ£ҷ֮£ֵһᡣַ㵭ĵ
ȴҡҡͷ鹦й޹һսʧ̫ʹǬԣȴӵмӰ죬ӽԺ˸ҷأҲܷأַ㣬Ҫʲô似֮ϵɻ󣬶Ϊ󡣡
ַƬ̣ȴһС
ƨбڣָЩһʲôãߣ
׵۸߰ƮַĤУַһȻ쵰һȷǸıأȴʼ
֪ʲôģԺű۴۲ģϲǡ׵ٶȴô۾ַߣַ㾹ȻЩߣԵûӡ
αۣҾһأɼסĻˡַظ棬漴˵ַһЩֶλδ͸ҶǳʱҪ似֮ģϵɻ󣬵뵽λɡ
һƵĵôԸΪ󣬻й似ᣬȺַ㾹Ȼܾơ
˵ǲδ̫ȣֻЦŵ˵ͷַؾӦǵõһЩ֮ʱֳֶȷʵֲӦòȱ似֮
ҲãȻ㲻ҪҸһɡ˵գһʱһ貵ʣ·мǿԣ͸һ˿Ʈ֮⣬֮ʱ֮ϣ·֮۶£ҫ۶Ŀ
ַ㣬Ҳý֮ˣҲûʲôö͸㣬ɡƻӶһƹ⻪бƳһĨȥԼϵ
Уַ㡣
ʦ֣ȺͷһˣȻַ㡣
ʦ֣ɡǰ˵ʦ֣һʥźŴУζźأôһ
ûʲôԵģѾСΪһĴ֮ˣַ㣬ұˣɺԼ۹ַԸֳ飬ǲԸɽ
˻˵Եޱȡ
ع̣ѩΪʥأҲû̫ѹҲ˷ѣַ㣬֪ӵһħǿȴħ̫أҪ׶ãܹħ֮ǰֲȱȻȱǵòҪó죬οΪҪ̫
˶ַ˵ַվȴһĬ˵˼ƺ뿪أ
Űɣ̨Ǭ򣬰˻ľͽԣһߵֶͨ쳹أ޷ȣƿ޾Դȥȡɡ˼˵
ַĿ⿴ѩߣȴѩ߶΢ЦŵͷС㣬Īϧġд󺦳棬ȥ翴ɣֻҪǼסأԶļңԸʱӭǡ
ַɳĬţһķֻǶԼǳЦƺڹԼ߳ȥ
ַ㣬øΪʥأԺں󱲵Ҫģص۹ޱߣǱǻɳȡǵģҪΪؿǣǺ츳һˣҸ϶ҪϳءҡЦ˵
ԣַǲȥĻСʦˣԺʱٻ
֮˷׷׶ЦȰַһůλʦǷָأܹΪصĵӣַ֮£һԶǵãַ㣬֮ˡ
漴ַ̧ͷվñֱ˫֣µĽӹζź
λ˿ַĶ¶Ц⣬ΨɫѿȻַ㣬һսͿֲӵ¸Ƿǳֲңǵλζź
λַ㼫죬裬һ˷ԣûκá
ַ㡣ʱͻȻˣַɫһĿ⳯ӿȥ
ǰкַָ̣㵭һΧϵЦݶĺ㣬ΨɫһֱãҴʱЦҲԵø١
ַ㣬ӵߴѩ壬ѩ嶼֣֮ΪʥأΨ⣬˿㣬ҲǷ壬Ҳ°֮
ӾԼº͵ЦݣַУȴʼշǳȻ
ЦһȻҪ岼°֮
Сַҡҡͷ
ΪβУйĦ񴫳Ϊأؽ󲻸խ˽˶Թɫ΢΢任
ƺǰһֱַгɼҪ֮أ˵ؽխѵеַЦңڸɱ֮ʱЭҪУΨǰ㣬ҪҽȥڿΪأȻǰ˰أôߴѩ壬帺˲šھ֮󣬱壬ǵʥΪضá


0955 ֪Ϲ
Ʊ磡ĿɫѿĶַ㣺խΪ˸˶Թһα˵˹ûʣ
ԣ˵ĶԣҾխַЦӵûǰǰѵΪңҵҪҽȥַȴҪΪɣǿЦǰ˴壬ǵλǰһλãӴ˲Ϊ岼°֮Ϊʥء
ɫӲɫǳÿһʱ޷˵֮λҴӴ˲̤ʲôʲôûеõҪյԽɫ
ǰڿΪءΪһô˵ˡַˣһ촽΢΢䶯ţȴվ޷˵
Լͱ죬ʲôʸվڵµߵָˣΪûеõһĴףΪ壬ôһ˵Ļķ߰ɣ请壬ӭ¡
ַĮ˵ֱ´Ҫ请塣
ַ㵱Ⱥӵɫѿ˼£ַĵܺãڣ
˵գӶնȥֱ뿪请塣
΢΢ҡͷϵĺ嫴½ʥ֮˵ӼҪԸַ㣬ַ̤صһһֱԣĻϲ֪ȴҪַΪ£ôܣֻܹһ
ˣǱչһʱգǵʦԻκ֮Կѯʣһ֮󣬱뿪أǰ˻ľɡ˶ַ˵һ
ַ΢΢ͷȻҪ߳Ǭôͳôǰ˻ľһɡ
˵λһ뿪ַĵ͸ŰϢ֮ѡһĵطչѩߡԼػ֮ԣʱ׼ش̵κʡ
ĪϧǶ̤䲻ãһ̶ȷʵǳҪж಻֮ɻһѯλʦѩҲĵĽ
һ;˿Լ֮⣬ʦָ̣ȻҪúܶ࣬ʱ򲻾һһУͬඥ㣬֮Ȼʣ̶ӵĳ죬þĪϧԣӵв꣬ǿ䣬Ҫ㹻˽⣬ٵ֮
Ʒڶشмߵ裬㵹Ǻѩмƣѩ߿ָνƣӶʹùǿ
תۼ䣬ѹȥַϥһѩĶУ˿̵ַգüͷȴ΢΢ķԺУ嫲Բл֮Ĳл겻ϵĻһһ翵Ĺڡ
֮˵似ֶηֱ֮࣬ͨɱСҲӲ̫ǿЩĲα۳ɵǹꪣʹɱΣǰַһɹӣ˻ǣػԼꡣ
׵۴ַǿַ֮۳ΪڣһڣӶԲ֪˶ٱַֻйڳΣ޷ʹùʵǿѾܹһַʹóڽ˵УаɱԷĻǡ
⻹ֻǹһֶΣǼһԣ֮ǴɣֶνԽԽ࣬ǲеֶΣֻһͷ嫵Ҳܽɱ
ַȫڹп̻ţŬڣ洫ڸ֮ҪһһŬ
תۼǼչȥַü֮ȻһǿҵĲ·ʲôҪƿڶ
µĻʹÿռХ޾ַü֮ţҫۡ
ˣһ촫ֲԵŶһַüţ漴һ嫵ڣ֮⣬͸żʥ
ֻǣַɵڣȴԶδƣַճһС֡
ַâ˸֮ʣַ·ܹоȵ
һԣıĿȻڣĿ¶һ˿ɫַһԶҪǿȻѾܹһˡ
ڡڣֿˡ
֪ϹڡϦǺ꣡濴ڣƺиж
һ΢ȴַͫ͵һ֮û뵽ü֮У˲Ϣʧַ˸һĶſǵ档
ţַܵ쳣˸£ַ㣬֪Ϊ˷Ӧ
֪ϹڡϦǺ꣬仰ģַĿֱ棬ʵ
ʲôɻĵ
¼ʱСѾ졢֪ϹڡϦǺַ꣡૵˶ǣĿⶢַ㣬վַô֪֪ģ
㡣
ȸ߱ۡ
ҼһΪʫеľΣҵȻַ֪Ӧ
硢ܣѩ¹ôܻУԲܣ治ͣҡͷš
Ҽ粢ѩ¹ȸңô֪ģַ׷ʡ
ģɺϣֻɺϣ׵ɲ˵վĳȥʱֵҹգ¸׵̧ͷе£˼ƺصǰݺµʱǿԣսƾ֮ʱ


0956 뿪ȴ
һӰ˸ûһӰӰ
ַĿⶢıӰмɪַΪһѵΪ֪Ϲڼ򵥵Ļյ¡
׵ΪյĴۣȻһ䶯Ĵ档
Ųַ̤ҲӰԱߣ̧ͷͬŸڿյԲ£֪ϹڡϦǺ꣡
׵ۣ仰һǳһµſаɣǸҲΪʡҲΪۣ𣡡ַͷգ૵
׵۵΢΢˶漴ָֻƽ˳˼С
ЩˣǶ֣Ҳֵ𾴣ҲЩˣ㽫ͣͬ塣׵˵һĻ
ַ˸£ս׵ۻ𣬽սһռǿߣȴ׵۷ǳ壬ˣ׻˭
ռǳĬãͻأ䣬׵۵ٶȻûΪ棬ַϢ˶ַ۴ڣ۸Ͽȥгһⲻ֪ϹڣϦǺĵ֮⣬ﻹңʱվճХ˭
֮⣡
ַɫ΢ѵǿֶΣǳԲ֪ϹڡϦǺꣻʫ䣬˿µ
Ƭַ̣㻺صУ⼸յʱ䣬úϤһʱõǿֶΡ
ЩֶζǼĻԶԶһֶǿ󣬶ܷӳµս

޵ʱ䣬һµʱ䲻ǵָһӼ䣬һգ请۷֮ϣһվһַǡ
ǵĶ棬վԼѩߵЩ˶ӵв츳˴뿪أܹƽһǿߣЩҪ뿪֮ʱټ֮ʱȽһǵĽжֲ
˷ǰ˻ľ·;ңԶһҪС£ǿƣǵĪѩһ漴ĿĵϣģСһ￴֮·;ҪҪ¡
ʦһġĵ˵ͷʦַǼһѾ˽ˣܵ裬һͷǿƵ磬鷳Ȼ٣ǰ˻ľʥ֮İ˻ʮеİ˻ľʥΪڣͨ߶кܶɡ
ǣС㣬治׼𣿡ѩָһԱߣѩӥӰ
ͽѩӥַģԺַߣַ㣬Ȼַƺ㽫ѩӥߡ
ˣôüλѩӥȥַۡҡͷ˵ʵѾֶΣټѩеĿޣ㲻ѩӥҲûʲôˣѩӥԼǰôԶ֮أԼ֪Լкν֡
ţ˱áѩַȻַ㲻ѩӥǱ㲻ϰɣѩӥַߣǿܻһõǰ̣ڿֻܰˡ
ˣȥɡѩߺ˵ȻУȴҲһ˿ᣬһܹһλӣѾǼѵãԺҲ޷ڶ˵ˣһҲ֪ʱ㡣
áַ˵ͷӶ䣬ת漴󲽣ޱȵǰȥδͷһۡ

һַ³ĪϧɪıӰǶ̾Ϣ̧ͷǷ漴ҲתȻȥ˻䣬ߵ˸ɴࡣ
Ǵߵģصһμ䣬ʱڵһο̹ĵļ䡣
Хķַǿıϣ棬һ뿪ˣûٻͷһۣߵѡ
ַԣſǣĿ˸ƺм˷֮ɫ
˻ľ˵һȫµƪ£ۻ˻ĵġ૵âһַгһѩ׵СֻϥСڻУСǺܾûп㣬ϵӶַա
飬ίˣȻҲѩУԺһΪһõİ֮ء
ַ͵ЦУ˴ǰ˻ľһ»ָΣصߵġ
ˮ˫͸˿˿͵Цƺ˵ַɵСצַջƺĸ
ҿԱһ𣿡ʱһߵַߣСмĽ
ַĿ⿴һۣ漴еӰ˸£뵽ĵϣ¶ƵЦݡ
ַ˵ŮӣҺ뿴ָģһΪ֮ɡĿˮ˫㻯С۾Ư˵ز·ܹǡ
عͷַ͵һЦ漴صַϡ
㿴ָһϲġַЦ˵ҶҲϲ飬һŮ˵Ѿʥ֮⣬ͬΪŮˣҲһϲǲʳ˼̻
šĵ˵ͷûлɣЩڴڴһ죬εľ
ڷ˸оҵĸţǿһȣһƬƬ򣬺ܿͽ߳ǬƬ嫵Ŀռˡ
¿ǰķ羰ַипô뿪ˣǣһƬĿռ䣬;
ַ㣡ڴʱĪϧǰַ˵һĿ⣬һֱԶ·𿴵ʲô㡣
ţ
ַüͷһ壬ҲԶ漴ɫһԶ֮أȻһӰȻվǣֱǣƺһֱڵȴǵĵ
ˣȻֹסȻ˿ַԷѾ̫ԶϴĿԷӰ
ۡɫ䣡
Ȼң


0957 
ңվǣӶַˣĿ͸һĨ⡣
ַҲͬңм־ȣ漴ָֻƽ𣿡
ֻ请Լλַ֪Ҫ뿪Ǭǰ˻ľ˿̣ң·ڴˣַһʱ뵽һˣӡ
һΣҵҪôӣңЦһһַʹһЩӡʹӵз֮壬ٶȼ죬Ȼӵˣһңţַôڣѷɡ
ߡַŲһ磬͵෽Ӷݣֱһöӡٶȿ쵽˼顣
ӵõңŲһ磬ûˣֱӳַܵķԽȥ֮ˣʱܹ¡
һȥַ㼱˸ʱȴһͻأ𣬿񱩵ľ˳˲ϣַŲˡ
¡һ죬ַ彩һ˿ѪĿĿǰӰ
Ȼ㣡
ǰֵӰӡ
عͷңѾվǣ·׵ķ
Ϊءַ㶢ӣĮĵ
ȴֻӺһЦַ㣺زҵأǰϼһﶼ㣬ڲˣںεأַ㣬ǰţԣѵû뵽˿̵Ľ֣
ȻżλϼһΪΪգڰɣɫĮһɱͷš
ӣڵ㡣
ڴʱյдһ漴ֻǳ֮ɢ漴յǳâ֮У߳Ӱ
请ѩߡˣҡȨ
ߴѩڣ⣬ͬʱλ١
ӿеӰɫ͵һ˲ϢòҰôᣬô
֣
ңŭһŲһ磬ҪַȥҪַС
⣡һɿµĺŶʱƬշ·Ҫסңһξû
ǳն
޾ǹĻۣһ貵Ľâն£Ҫңնɱ
𣡡ңŭһֲɽХɱַɱȥ
Ȼȴʱһӣʱ޾ǹ⽫ַסâַΧ·Ҫַ
¡¡֮һɽɽŹǿֲڽ⵱
ңɫ֪һҪʧˣû뵽ȺϼһﾹȻˣң磬һߡ
ѩߵûȥ׷ңңѸͣҪӵĻǺ׷ϡ
ĵӰֱӽΧסɫһǱޱȡ
ӣ̫ʧˡĿ⺮䣬û뵽ӾȻΪַĶԹأϧңڴ˵ؽɱַ㡣
ɫѿЩˣĵǺúݣΪ˷ֹǸţҹ⽫ɱĵص㶨ôԶǾȻһ·ַһеĵλԶַز֮ˡ
㻹סҡͷ̾Ϣӣûյ뵽Լ˽
˵Щϻп磬˭Լ棬ʵӣλãֵ㡣ĵʦֱ֣˵ɣôһ䡣
ߡɱ⣡ѩߵ³һһһֱļأأԵӿ񣬼ûʲôΨһ㣬ߣɱ⣬Դּ
ӵĿɨѩһۣ漴ֿˣĴ𰸡
˳ĬƬ̣Ŀ˸ڣ΢΢䶯³һ֮ߡɱ⣡
ӵɫһɫû˰Ѫɫ촽΢΢ţַָ㣬ĵΪһ请ĵӣҪɱһ䣬úݡ
㾹Ȼףַ޹أӣء͸̾Ϣ֮⣬Ըɱߴѩ֮һ䡣
ʲôƨҪɱҺαôϻӷЦƺмֳտ
ɱŭһӵĳַ˹ȥ֪Լˣ˺ѩߣټλѡ
ڤ粻飡ѩ߱ĵɽԨâɣֱӳѹȥ
ŭһɽĿֲɽ֮ϣ¡ľ֮ȴֻ͵һĿⶼ΢Щ㱡
⣡ѩ˫ţӵֱӶᣬ
ֻ̼꣡䣬ޱȾ޴ı㿪ʼѣӷ·Ҫƿ
ִɱ֮ɡ̾Ϣһǹ۳ɽâֱӴ£ڱ֮ϣ˲䣬һĹֱӶ£ӵͷû룬ӵ͵һ
֮͡͡ǽֻ֮ʣӵ壬˿̵ȴһްϢĿҲĻɢֱ
ˣ
ӵͻأʧյУ˳һ䣬Ϊһ֮˽صִɱ£
ַϵĵǹʧַ˲ȥʦĺĪϧǡ
İɣ㿴ѩַָķֻһӰ߶λǹˣѩߵңпɳ֮
ַ˿Ŀ΢Щӣѩߵʦһֱڰǣ
Һʦֶн䱸뿪֮һֱȻҲ뿪أΪ˱⣬ǲһ㡣
ַ˵ͷеӰ鷳λˡ
ַ㣬Ҳֻܰ㵽ˣңȻζˣ׷ǰ˻ľԺԼǧҪСġ˶ַңڶϱԼַң֮󣬾ѾЩˣַ㲻С
ףҪƵ·ˡַͷ
š˵˵ͷˣȥɣǾˡ
ַλǷ漴ٶȿıϣһ̣ԺȷҪСˣ


0958 ĺ
˻ʮ򣬾ʮΧʥݣѾǾ½Եĵˡ
ǿ߷ΪơΪ꣬һЩ֮ˣŭɱ£Ѫɺӣʵӹûǿ󱳾ˣֻܾ衢踺أгһʱü
˻ģָذ˻ģȻ֮Խ˻ľ֮Ϊ˻ģһԭڰ˻ľΧһƬΪĵĵشƬ֮شϹʱڵսͿ̿Ű֮أеĻ֮Ϣֱܹܹʴ˵ĻǣĻ֮ش
µǣƬ֮ش˻ľ֣ǰ˻ľ֮أΨͨƬ֮ش˻ľ
ڿµ߶ԣƬ֮شҲ޷ǵжӰ죬԰֮壬յǰУ֮أҲκβǡ
ԣ֮أһƬľأӵмرҪƾԼܺɻġ
ȻϹģѾ£಻Զ赲סǿߴ濴˻ᣬǴֲıƶĹյĹŵܹɻ֮أΪģǻ֮ר˺ɻ֮֮
ʱں޾Ļĺ֮ϣ֣֮֮Կֲٶȴڻ֮ء
ȻҪķɻĺûдۣ֮ޱҪĴۣЩķһЩ߿ֲǿƿУԴԴԴϵ׬ȡ֮
ܹƿػķģҪôǿµǿߣҪôӵǿǸƿزˣҲķֱӱᣬǵ͵ǿʳ
֮صڣͬһƬĺĺһͷǻ֮ûйûԼֻԭʼǿʳ
Ƭ֮򣬲ǰĺҪɻĺǰ˻ľڣʱգǰ˻ľĵش˲֪ж٣ʯʺҪյһͽϢӻĺһͷһͷ˵Ŀʼ¶
ˣӸǰߣҪɻĺǰ˻ľĵ˼Ķ࣬ûķЩӦˡ
ЩǰĴУһͷЯһӰҲĺԵĻҵ
ļĴһȺһضؾŮƬ׺һڣĲû˶࿴һۣ̫ˣڵͽ׵ǿߣ壬ڴɨһۣȫ䡣
ʯʺҪͬʱͽ˲֪ǰ
ڵ֮ϣַ϶Ǵͷ糾֮ǵһǾɨΧӰǵĿ⵱У͸˷ܵɫ
ȫ䣬֮˶ܿ硣󺦳૵˷֮ȼգ⻹ǻĺһαˣ˰˻ľǿ߻࣬Ҫ̨Ѫڵʱˡ
͵Щַ˻ʸһۣһﻹǲʵأȻ޵ʵѪڣǣͬһѹͽȸУ
һضصʵʵ̫Сˣʲô㣬˶ӵнʱ
ٺ٣ף͵󺦳溩Ц£ż߹ɨǣ͸˿˿Ĳм⼸һҲ֪ܳģû档
ߣȥ˵еĻĺһַ㿪˵漴ڿն𣬳Զȥ
ǬĺıԵڼ·;мͣٹ⣬Ǳһֱ·ɻµʱ䣬ǲ
ĿֲٶȾȻ£֪ǬжôңԶ
мۣǹһЩʱַ̣˵ߵУһƬĻ֮ޱ޾Ŀֲĺ
Ǵ˵еĻĺҪǰ˻ľҪƬĺַоЩ£Ǵ˿̾ĺʮ֮ңܹܵдĿ»֮ϢĺУ·Ĵǻķ籩ɱһУ˵ڻĺشпµ꣬һܹһЩֲ飬ֻ·һ
ԣǶԼʵоԵţ˻ɻĺǻķ
ǿڴʱƷָԶĳһһ貶ĿĹڻĺϿնС
ĺһƬĵ򣬴ϹŵսǶôޣֻھĺǧ֮ڵĸ߿շУҪ㿪ĺܡ
ǽʮÿµʵƬ򣬸Һɻĺ˲࣬ʮ֮һ
˶ǵסֲĽâ壬˾һһâɡ
͡ԶӰ˲˽ǰȺͷϿջһɿµĽ·𽫿ռ䶼Ҫ˺ѵַ̧ͷգǵͷϿգһµĽ·ա
ÿµĽޣַͷ𺳣ֻǴԼͷϿջܵһɻĽ֮·һָĸλҪ
Һɻĺˣ˵ûвֲġ
ûгһգҲܺһ̤գֳ־޸ƬĺҲһ죬̫ԶʸгһɷڵѪڴڴľʣڴǿƵ磬ڴǵȴ޾ս
ңôһ𴳵оˬ
һġַ˵ͷҲţôһģʱһͷƲ񷣬˺ѿռ䣬ڵ£ûܹûܹ
û־³һȺһ漴ʸľ޴ӶһǲҪꡣ
Ҫꡣŭӻʸ
ðɣҲϰˡʸʼ硣
³һڻ棬ûʸĿһ·ϿûٱһŻա
ˣȥһһķĺɡַ㿪˵һͻʸҲټˡ


0959 겻ɢ
ƬĺΧĻ֮Ҫҵķеǲѣӵлķ˶֪һɡ
·Ƭ㼫ʢӵǳĻķɹѡ񣬳¹ʵĸʱȽСȻҪ·ĻķҲߡ
ʱַ˱·ֲռһ嫵Ĺ̨ÿһ̨ŶӵȺƺڽɰ֮
Ҫɻĺ˺öࡣַ˰Ծ˿⹬Ӱÿһ̨ǰŶӣеĹ̨˶ࡢе١
ͭսʮö֮಻ޣǧˣºУϽսʮö֮ݰ˰ˣУսʮö֮ˣСÿһ̨ǰۣд˻ķͺԼĴгڡ
ͭսͼģȻҪʮö֮һԾͿǧˣһöֲ̫֮ˣȻҪɻĺķҲõֲ֮Щţѹ˶˵ֲֻʵӵжԻķĿȨסκһۺ졣
ս߼ģȻҪöֲ̫֮ˡ󺦳ָŴеһ̨һλķɻĺҪö̫֮ݳˣǬ򣬺ܶ߶òô֮֮˸жûС
·Իȫ԰ٷ֮ʮţսı۴һּȫԶдˣٷ֮ʮţϲ¹ʣңһֻɰˡ
ⲻ˭ġĪϧҡͷһЩĺ֮ˣΪ˱ϾԵİȫŻֲֿĻķɣͨ˸ܲ
ݳޣȫԸߣ˵ķĳǱȽϴģķЩֻҪһö֮ķİ֮Ҳ٣ԽΣգֻҪһЩ֮ˣԸֻķģʵûа취
Ŀ˵籾˲пᣬӵԴ˿õĴûкõĳֻܸȱ˸౶ŬһҪΣա
ǳսɣˣһö֮УٶҲͭսܶࡣַ㿪˵һҲʹϵİ֮ѾõòˣлҪȥʹһˣʹӵ֮ôݳޡ
ַĻ˳ͶĿ⣬һö֮Ⱥ˶ǳᣬҾֻһغͶأȻ׼˵һö֮ôֱʣӦĸˡ
ɨһַ˵Ϊϸǵ䣬ȺͽĿⶼƿȻ㲻Ͼɾޣһ츳Ѿ㲻ˣӦǴӵûǲˡ
ţҲãȻؼеĳٸһЩ̫֮١ĽַĻ˵ַһЦȻ˼
ǹĳϣǵ½ɰ֮ʱ˶Ȼǿõģ˻˵ܹһ˿á
ȻĵĻº˶ʧȥȤִӵߣ϶һЩĶҪԸǿɲס
ַߵս̨ǱŶӵȺ򣬹һЩʱ˳Ľһö֮öǽ
ʱȺ򣬻ǰս̨ǰ˶ַ㽻һַ˵ͷ漴һ뿪
һ߳·Ϊ泩죬Ǿܹսɻĺǰ˻ľˡ
ԶΧһţֻһ貵ĺâ˸ֲ˼ǿһӰɱƺŭˡ
쵰ַͷһһתŲ෽ȥ
༸˵ɫҲһͣĬĸַת򣬳Ų뿪
ңǻ쵰Ȼһ·׷ٵ
ӡַ泩˲䱻ƣһңжȻһֱǬ׷Ƭ֮򣬿Ǵɻĺǰ˻ľȥˡ
һ˸ٶ죬ת˲ʧӰ
ң˳Ķۣŭ֣ŭնɱ֮󣬳ķһۣüͷ΢΢£ƺоʲô㡣
ǼȻҪȥ˻ľͱҪƬ֮ɻĺٹһûеȵ˵Ǵĵطɻĺˣұֱǰ˻ľң˵ַܾãһֱƬǻַ֪֮ģص·档
ǱסһοַôַϵıҲġ
ַһ뿪֮ҵһ¥ţʱַɫΪѿȻҲʶء
Ϲ·棬ҲһƬȺĻܻܿᱻסַЩƵĵû뵽ڼɻĺʱ鷳
˶˵ͷַĻǰ·ȺϵĻܻܿң
ֱܲӵǽĿ˵һ
ַƬ̣漴ֵһ԰ɣǲеĻǱһΣ˷Ҳûа취ȥ·ðա
ֻˡȺͷû취һö֮뵽˶оЩۣϣֱܹӵսɣĻһö֮ӵˡ
ʱܿ͹ȥַԤϵ˻·ǰ׼һǰȥĺǽʱԶһӰĿɨȺ˾ңһֱ·սգֻҪַ·սɻĺĻһᱻַ֣ǲƬ򣬻ȫԲս


0960 ʻĺ
ַѾ̽˺սĳ֮أ˿̣ڻĺıԵشһǰľְսبڻĺУսһµ֣·һĻս
ַǴ˿սĲԶܵǰĺеĿֲ֮ϢϢ֮У·ֻҪ̤뵽ƬĺУͱɡ
ѹֻᵮսȰսбˣԸѰö֮Ҳսģĺʵ̫ˣսڻĺг¹ʻжôµĽ
ַܵǿֲĻ֮Ϣа⣬ʱһ˶òǰȫһˣΪԷһַÿһƤߣңҪ˵أĻֻϣҪϳˡ
ڻĺıԵشв˶ս¶˿˿ɫ
һƬĺƬ˻ľȫͬ磬ֻпԽĺܹ̤˻ľڣһûа취Խĺ
ǻûа֮ȵӵ˰֮᲻ùעһ֮սĴƱϾ˭֪ս֮ǵᷢı仯
·ˡʱȺԶֻһ˵ϿӵµӡǣԵǽģ£Եսĺ
Ķ顣ȺЩȺ̾һһεս˶ԵñƽҪᣬ͸ĳ
ʯʺͽԵʣӵǰ̽ţһƬĺһͷһͷŲԽĺ蹵ǿҲûлʣЩǿӵܣҲԸðһأɻĺǰĺһͷİ˻ľȥƴһء
һȥǱû˼Ϊ̣ȫҪԼˡ
ս֮ϣһ¡¡죬漴һ£ӻĺ֮Ӷһİ֮š
ǽɡΪ֮˵³һ漴Ⱥ̤Ű֮ţΡս̤ȥ
ǹȥַ˸Ϊ֮˵ǰȡϵĵǽǰΪ鵢ˣûǰ·ϣֱȺǰܷҲս
УȻǴˣ͵һΰɡĮ˵һַ˵Ŀһ
ǰ㿴Ƕ˵ǽͨһذɡ
·Ĺأ˱ڷλᣬǻὫʣתøˡɫĮ˿ҡȺ˵˴˴߸˭Ҫɵɶʮö֮ս
úݡַа˾͵ڷҪȡһذ֮
Ҫַҧ˵ңƬ뿪ĻϿ뿪һö֮ˡ
߸ҶҪˡʱԶһƮȻĿת漴Ǳ㿴һӰƮȻ
ȺŮΪ֮ȴһŮӣ³ȹƮȻһǳƯ˶΢΢Щʧ
֪ĸˡȺ˵ƾŮӵòԼʣƶϳȻǷԵ˶Ǹ֣ӵ
С㣡ƹսΪ֮˾ȻϵŮӣǳĺһȺаԾ
·ǿ߶Ů˵𾴣˵ݺܲһ㰡
߸ҶҪˡŮӵ˸һйоˣ˻
С㣬ϼգսСΪ֮˽˵
ˣҸʱ䡣ŮҡͷܾԷҲû˵ʲôЦŵȻСǽɣ֮ˡ
֮ˣ
΢ˣȴս֮ա
ǰҲҪַ㼱ٻѴֻۣҪܹٵ뿪ҲԸġ
ĿַһۣƺڷַĲ
ʱŮѾ̤֮ͨսعһַˣĿڵսܹˣҲ̫Ӱ죬Ҳɡ
ŮӵĻĿһ漴˵ͷȻС㿪ڣұһΣǵǽ
漴ַֿһۣˣȥɡ
лˡַ˵ͷ˸ͨǰ̤ս
սƿ߽Ųһ磬վսǰˣĮĿڵλ׼̡
Ļ£ǰ֮ʧ漴һµİ֮⽫Ҿ޴սסֲ˽ս·ĻĺХһ͵ļ¶
ȵȣʱԶһֻһӰٵ˸߶
ȺĿ⿴Զ˸Ӱһ￴ӦǴһ˰ɣǿϸֲַ²⡣
ۣϢȴֲܿһǿߡ
ǰսɡַվս֮ϣһ۱ܹĿ˸ӰȻң
ţսƿɨַһַۣ˱任ɫ¶һ˿ɫ⼸һӱʲô
ַ㣡ԶһĮңĿֱַϣ͸һǿҵĺ⣺ַ㣬Ϊһλһ᲻ʶ㣬һ۾ܹ͸
ǰսַսƿ֮˵ңȻʱϵˡ
ǵĮĿַ㣬ûս˼
ңӰ⣬ԽԽתۼ伴ɵ
սɡƯŮӻعͷ˵һƿս֮ŵ˵ͷһʱһµİ֮ޱȾ޴սȫ⻪֣¡¡Ŀֲ˷սˣ
£ңŭһֱֲӺ˰⻪֮ϣһֲֿĹⲨŶս΢΢ζ£ȴûбҡֺ
䣡һľ˳漴սһ貵⣬ŻĺǰУ׼ǰ˻ľ


0961 ĺ籩
졢ֻһ˲սХʻĺУһƬֲĻĺ˳
ңְ̤֮ңս׷ȻĿֲٶȣȻ޷׷սƬ֮αֹסǣԶȥսɫѿ쵰һƤˡ
ɱңŭһֲɱţ·Ļĺ֮߿ա
ԶȺаһÿֲʵ԰֮壬վڻĺ֮ϣҲ֪Ǽôôǿߡ
ҲгսĿֲܹɻĺսٶȹ£Ҳǿ
ңӶŰ߶ȥʵֲҲƾԼɻĺҪ֪ĺ֮в֪жΣлԵĻĺ籩ʵɻĺˣǼµǿߣҼЩµǿߣҲоһʱ̡
ս֮ϣַ㿴ңʵ޷ҡսɵ˿ա
ллַСһлһ仰սƿ߱㲻̣Ļǽ뼫Σյľء
֮͡Ůӵ˵һַղ˵㻻һΪҿ
ַ㼸һۣ漴һĨȡƤߣ¶ݣȴ֮ǰᣬһʷǷ
þµߡŮӵ˵߾Ȼֶκ
ȷַЦ£ߵȷǳ߶Ҳ֪ģ߼ֵԺܸߡ
Ůû˵ʲôսĴȥսͬһҾ֣ӵк嫵ĴԼһңڻĺʻҲõǶʮö֮ɲСĿȻҪõ
ַվڻĺսǰˣһ㵭İĻսסڻĺзɳۣǰģһƬ䡢ڰĻĺ·һĿֲ籩֪£ɻٵĸо
Ǵ˿ڵĵطĻĺֻǰһĻǹɺڰķ籩ͽǡ
ַǣһ̤ĺеȺսǰˣǻĺڰвϳŹⲨ·ҪǣҪûʱ򣬶оһľֲ̫ˡ
Ҫǿʵܹ̤ŻĺǰУܻĺʴһ뷨гһգҲܹ̹ȻڵĻĺǽһ׮°ɡ
ûʲôÿģȥϢɡһĮսƿ֮ˣһֱվսǰˣϾսƿصġ
ͭϽսսһǳǿƿأȼԽߵսʸƿǿʵҲȻԽ˲սǿսػҲ
ƿս俴ͨͨսҲǷǳľˣַʱһǰ
Щ뿪ߣǰȥϢֻȥ
ַȴδɿ嫵ĻĺԨǿ֮ܹĵĲƬĺĳҲȣ־һ˿ôģͺñѩ¹ˣǰΪ侳ѾǷǳˣǬƬĺУһǵ־ʹǲǰУŵ⡣
ʲôսƿ߿ûȥַһַۣһַЩ棬һؾ֮ˣЩŮе׷ɱʱַûкһ־η֮⣬Ƿǳƽ
ⲻһ֮˸еƽѵҲңϰΪ
ַ֪ľȻҲַľֲ¶ƽôƽͣΪһս׷ɱҲ̵߽ĵͽ֮ˣߣַȷź˲һƽ
룬ûĻ֮Ϣֱһ龰ַ㿴Ǻĺڰĺһ
ѻ졣ַĻŭһƺԴ˷ǳļɻ䣺һصķﾹȻ˵ֻ֪Ǹ߽׵Ҳһɻ𣡡
ֻ˵˵ǰαضŭַǳЦ£һߺȷûȨңҲϰˣû㹻ĵ֮ǰ츳һӣֻƿеʵɿġ
ߣһҲûǿŻĺַ㡣
ڻĺʻ֮ʱʱƺ˿̵ȺѾɫգҲɾİƣĴŵƣĺɫƺӵĺڰˣƺʱܻб¡
ԽԽڣڵ·ħԨУֲХ֮ŰĻܹսĴ̶
һɹɿֲĺڰĺϵĳŹĻսƿɫǳѿ
籩
Ŀɨַһַۣ΢΢һֻĮĵ汻ѻ˵Уรɣ
˵գĿɨȺ˶УҪʲôҪţסԼ塣
ҲȥĿɨַһۣĮ˵
Ļ˵ɫ˲ѿĺڰǶһɲԤС
ǡĺ籩ǾȻ˻ĺ籩
˽Ŵȥͬʱаϣɻĺ籩Ҫ̫ǿԵĻĺ籩սҪĺ籩ǻĺŭ
û뵽ôùȻĺ籩ģֻˣ


0962 
ַ˴˿ƺҲʶԣսϵ˶˵ĺ籩϶͸ſֻ֮ɫսƿߴ˿̶أɼ籩пǻԵġ
𣡡пԵŭֻ֮ڰкݺݵײսĹĻս͵Ĳ¡
ÿ£ңһҲơַͷһ⻹ֻһԶĻĺһɻ֮籩мĴ̶Х֮
ǡ飡ַ㿴ԶĻ籩Упµ˸ţܿ¡
ѵ紫Եһĺ֮أϹʱڵսͿ̿ڴˣرŵƬĻĺγɣ
ǻȥսƿ֮˶ַһһĿֲ籩ս֮ϣѾսϵĻζ
ҿַ΢΢ҡͷ֮˵ȥУҺܿȥ
Ҳ뿴ʸĿ˸ĿⶢĻĺ籩ԵΪ˷ܡ
ţһԵǿüͷһ壬ȺһȻҪĻĺ籩
ǡĮ˵һֻ˫ȵս֮ϣһ֮ŶڹĻת
䣡
һɿµķ籩ڹĻ֮ϣƺһɫѿ֮˻
˻ԵĻĺ籩ˡɫأղ£ɻĺ籩ܿ¡
ԽԽ˿ս·ˣֻвϵǰУֲĻĺ쫷ſռ䣬ƺ
𡭡
ͻȻ䳹׵İַĿ⿴ǰֻһſ޿ڣսɶ
¡¡սĲһ¡ľ֮˷·ĻҪַ˵岻ķսһ̵ˡ
ذһַֻ¡¡ľϣǵ岻ϵײս˶򾪿ֶһ̣ĩշ·١
𣿡ַ岻ϵײţаһû뵽Ȼ˿µĻĺ籩籩Ļ飬֪вʲôµĺ
ַ㡣ʱڰдһĵ
ڡַӦһ漴Ǻһײ˲֪ʲôط
ǻ𣡡һַĬҲ֪
ס籩ûнĻ飬ǾͲ¡ڰдĪϧĺ
ԣǻҪ˻ľأôַһ󺦳棬Ӧһ
ҺܺáƷ˳
ôôڡ󺦳ֹһַһȻһ
ķ籩һֱţַֻоĹҪХķ籩֮Уǻ죬·ǰĻҪѵǵҲ˵š
ǹĻǿ˲Ҫĺ籩ɵɡ
ƺ˺ܾã籩ûôǿˣȺܹĸܵڱһ˷֮⣬ĺ籩ڱսסˡ
ԽԽСڣȺٶȿ˹
ַסԼ壬վս֮ϣŭŵĻĺ籩ֻоһһˣⳡԵĻĺ籩ƽϢ
̧ͷַ㿴ǲĻ࣬ƣһַ籩ĻùĻѡ
عͷַֻĵ̧Ųһǵ϶¶һ˿Цݡ
ַҲЦˣգû뵽ȻֿµĻĺ籩
ʱսѾһƬǽ壬ĽȺ϶¶ϲɫ籩ϨˣǶš
ֻսƿ֮Ŀ⿴ŰĻüͷţ漴תĽŲȺ֮ȥƯŮӵǰС㣬ܾˡ
ŮҡҡͷսҲιֲֿ̣Ļĺ籩¶ڿֲҲ̫ǿҵĴݲˣСĵ㡣
ţסսƿߵ˵ͷսȷѾܲס̫ķ籩ˡ
Ⱥоһľ·ǿߣȻڷ籩һʱοŮӣҲ֪ŮӵǺεݣ˵ӡ
սǰУ籩Ҳڳ׵ƽϢȻʻڻĺ֮У嫵Ļ֮أȺȴʼձһҡ
Զķ򣬿µĻ֮Ϣ죬ʱ˵ͷһô£ѵлĺ籩֣
սƿ֮ɫҲһǳ߿յĻ֮Ϣ
漴һڵԶЩڵٶȺܿ죬ȺܹĿǺڵʲôˡ
ķս
һķսһǣѸٵĳ߶սƿ֮ɫ͵һ
Ƭ̣Ҿ޴սսס
ѣ·ƺˮˮɡսƿ֮˿˵
ĺ꣬ҲһЩȻľ޴ͬһһЩ˷֣ǿڵµĳγһЩµǺлĺڻĺнٳޣᱦ
ǻĺеһʢĻĵһɿµ
߰ɣսҪˡʱս֮ϣһ͸ĻȺĶУ˵ɫһǵʲôùˣĺ籩֮󣬾Ȼ˾ˡ
ǾҪսĻ·Էһҡսƿ֮˿˵˿̵ҲͬƣһĵһУ̱·Ҫ£Է˼ǡ
ϻô࣬һ³漴ڶս֮ϣмӰڿնЩ϶͸ſµİ֮ǿߡ
Ϊһսսƿ֮ɫ̣ɫѿôսǿߣȻĿս


0963 ֮·
֣ǿ߼սƿûзӦ³һ漴ǵ϶пµϢš
սƿһ˵һ촫ս͵תĺҪ롣
ߵõ𣿡˱һЦ漴սϵȺתǰֳ˺üսǶµġ
ңЩսǾսǳǿµģսǰмӰڿգߡ
սƿɫ׵ĳߣôߡ
ս֮ϣǱΪСŮӱļΧм䣬Ŀ˸еЩߡ
˷·Ըλรˡսƿ֮˿˵ƺҲ˴˿̵ľ棬˻Ļĺ籩սǧٿףĻȹ̣ԷôǿۣĻѾ𲻵ˣҲסȺ
Ȼֻʱǰľ߽ŲͬʱͳһֲϢǵϹţͬһ˲䣬ǿߵͬʱӡһְĻ֮ϣһ貵Ĺ⻪ţѿ˷
ˣ
սеȺͷ˵ţĻһѣǱ㽫ܻĺϮ֮Ի֮ɡ
һݺύĻ
꣡
ȺҲ˵£ˣĻӦѡ
Ļѣ֮Ϣ˲Ϯ룬ս֮С
һᣬֻҪܹ̤ǵսǵǽЩ˶սϵȺ˵ĻᣬǰҪƾԼʵǾս
ȺĿ̣һ˿ϣ
ҪҪϾսΨһĻᣬǾҪ֮Ϣɵ
䣡һӰһ⣬žսȥҪɻĺǰ˻ľô
ˣֲĻ֮ϢϮϣȺֻ˵˲佩ļ˲ϻ
ȺȫӲ֮Ϣǻ֮Ϣ¡ǻ
ģһжΪġ
˵Ϣֹͣ彩Ӳĳ¿׹ȥ˲ͱĺû
Ŀģ
ȺĶȻֻǼݵľ룬ȴģǸûа취Խȥ֮ϢһϮϣǻ
ɱ
һӰɨ£вһĻ˲Խ̤ǲ㽣Ļžսȥ
䣡֮ϢϮϣ˲ͽĻʴ
ŭһ͵һ촫˵彩·ʲôû뵽嵱һ
ˣһ˵峯¿׹ȥȺĸ׹ѵУ䣬һΣ˵Ľ
սƿ֮𣬰֮⽫֣뿪
ǿûûȥһۣⲻǾĿꡣ
ˣȺĿһ·ҲˣھֻʣԾˣҪô̤϶ԷսҪôĺû
С㣬ǵȻΪ㣬СǾս
еľǿĿŮϣȺлȻԭˣЩǿߣȻΪŮӶ
ɺޣǳΪƷ꼰㡣
ַ㡣ĵ˶Χַߣ֪ǺãղǻĻĺ籩ûѵǻھĽɱУ
û뵽ǰ˻ľ֮У顣
ȥս˾Ǻúñϣǧǵ̣ǰ˻ľ
ַż˴˵ü˵ɫһַ㣬ȥս
Լأô죿Ŀַ㣬һҪʲô
ģˣԼˣ˻ľټһΪʯʻʵͽǼǵҡַһδ˵˶ףַڸѶϢ˵ζһҪΪͽܹҵַ㡣
УȻлŵֶΣʹҡĲͬ˵ַĻҪַ˵һܻĻַͲὫϾսǻὫһϡ
ǣַðգһðգȴϾսϡ
ַҡͷȴû˵ɡ
ĵ˸
ַ㣬һðաĪϧҲڵ
ûѡҵģҡַᶨĿ⿴žĪϧˣĻҡͷȴַ֣Цİɣ˵ġ
䣡һֲϢŶֻһӰգַ̧ͷ㿴Ṳ̊СսϿճȥҪ롣
СսȺɫֱ̣ܵĺöŮӹȻݲϾȻӵôı
С㣬߲ġһɹɿµϢ·Ƭռ䶼ŮӳսֱײһĻ֮ϣû
Ҳ
һĲҽ֮Ⱥ˼˻漴˾Ϳһɻ֮Ϣ뵽ս֮ϣм˵˲䱻һǣ漴ǵ廯ɫŵ
Ⱥŵ岻ͣĲţĶҪ
ս֮ϣͻȻһɱ˪⣬ĺ֮еս֮ϣȻѩƮ
ַϣһʥ֮ţ̼䣬ݱ㿡ݣִһĨʥ֮⡣

ַ³һ̼һѩ·֣ΧĿռ䣬һƬѩա
Ͼս̤ѩ·ұǲȺȺһѩ·ӣ·һƬѩ֮ա
ţȺɫһعͷַ㣬Ͼս
ֻң·һַ㵭Į˵һЩɫ̣ӵսѩ·


0964 
ѩ·ȷЩܽϾս
ȺɻЩԥ
ٲȥұ㳷ѩ·ʱǱɡַ³һɻɣַƾʲôǣ
ǣǲ̤ѩ·Ǿ·һû
ԣһ˽Ų̤ѩ·žս̤ȥ֮ϢϮϣѩ·֣˵ĽŲܿ¶һĨϲ֮ɫΪǻ֮ϢȻϮϣѩ·ƺԳɿռ䣬ܹ֮ʴʵ壬֮գȴ޷š
Ųٶһ磬˾ս֮ϣսһ·̤ս
䡢䣡ȺĽŲĿ·ַǵģһ·˿̿˰ȫ̤Ͼսʱȫַ㳷ѩ·
ȥַĵ˵ȴǶԥ¡
졣ַһҧҧַ˻ľ
˵գ˵ĽŲѩ·ȥһ̤˾ս
ţоǿ߸ַһۣüͷһ֮һؾˣȻܹʹó֮ɵöַŨŨȤ
˼СӣҲҾսɡһַ̧ͷһۡ
ʹóֶ֮ΣЩ˿»úоһĻϲٵܶпܱ¶Ĵǡ
ѩ·սŻĺӶȥȻֱ쵽ĻĺС
Сӣʲôһƺַ㣬˵
ַһԲһԾ̤ѩ·ȻֱӳŻĺпȥ
ʲô
ɫһ䣬˫͵һץһɿµַţȻַ˲û뵽˻ĺУµĻĺŭХ̼ͽַˣҲӰ
ַ㣡ĵ˵ɫɷףֻо⵽ػ˻ĺУַ㣬ȻһĺУѹԼˡ
İɣַ˵ǵ˻ľһԼֶΣúõĻŵġĪϧƬĻĺͳƺڰοԼ
µĻĺսܹǵȿµİĻܺѣַ㳹׵ĳ뵽ĺ棬˭֪ᷢʲô
иûʲôգһ֮ˣѵƾԼԽĺ
СӣҪ𣡡߿űĺûַ㣬ȻûԤϵַ㾹ȻͶڻĺС
ֲĻĺڷķţַ㴦ڻĺ֮ڣ͸ѩ·ܹĿĳ֮ϢŭХ鳯
ѩ·ҲƺıʴĵϢ֡
â˸ַ߳һӴȻ档
׵ۣڻĺУʲô취ܻȥַ˵
ֻ˶ѿŴ
쵰ⲻ֪Ļ쵰ĺϹʱڵսǻĺԨУҲұ֤ԵİȫַַɫһڻĺԨ߶ܱ֤ԵİȫĺȻȿ£ң紫еһĺϹʱڵս
ڶҺҲûã취Ҽֲ˶áַ˵ֱ˦棬Ծĺƾ̣һʹеĻͶʹпȥ˼²ᡣ
һƾ̾棬һֶͨ죬ϣܹа취
ǿӱַۡһʲô
һоսϵİĻսڻ֮ϢʴУ˿̾ӦץһŮӡַٽ˵һ
İ֮ȫóܻܲˡַַһνϵİ֮Ϳȫ档
ѩ·зٵĿ̻һ·֮Ϊý飬Ͼ̫޷Բǿʥƣֻнܹ֮ʥƷӳá
ܿ죬һѤ沼õʥ·һԲεĹĻѩ·Ʈҡ
Ȼûֹͣеķ԰֮ȫڹĻβˣ˲ѩ·з·һɾ쫷ŭХ
ַһַŲʥ嵱У֪һŪʲôֶ
Ļܹڻĺдϣܹսһ粻ĺรɡַһǸµȻ뵽˻ĺ棬ⲻǴ
ãˡַ˵һޱȣһﾹȻô쵰
˻ַ֣㽫ѩУ漴һջأ͵Ĵܳһµİ֣ڻĺд
Է԰徧ʯõķ֮ʥ߶ַ壬ٶȿ쵽ַϢĸоֻ˲ַ͸оԼ˲֪Զ¡촫ַӻĺджգڻĺ֮նУҰӵĿϣõܹ˵ս
ĺ֮ϵϮϣȴ޷ַϵĹǲ׳ĺַ˿̸оԼСǳ𺳡
һ޼ʵĻĺֻĺڰ֮ϢķݣֲʱŭХ֮ء
ϣҪ̫ַ૵µʱʯʺͽϣǶܴӾǰ˻ľҲԼܹȻ̤ϰ˻ľ֮ĵ
޾Ļĺַֻһˣûĺ籩ĻֲҪ뵽棬ܵϵĹַҲЩ޷ҵɻĺսҪʹˡ


0965 ֮
ĺ˻ľΧסֻпĺܹ̤˻ľõĺжôĺ嫡
ȻͬʱķҪɻĺĺĺ嫳̶ȶԣЩķս׺֮һڣСòС
˼ڻĺϿռ۵ַ㣬ֻããĻĺϵľŻ֮ϢĳȴκλķӰ
ϵĹ֮ϢʴԽԽˣȥϵĹʧġ
ַĿԶȴϣܹģֻп
ͣһ΢촫ַɫһ漴㿴Ĳ淽һڵһţ˲ʧԭأȻַٶȻҪֲϵĺ룬·ܿͻʧ
ÿ죬ȻǸµǿߡַ㿴˲ԶȥӰɫ̣ʵǺһҲֶθͲҪ˼ôֱ࣬ƾԼɻĺ
ַ΢΢˵㷽򣬳ǵԶȥĺӰ׷ȥǿ߼ȻܹɻĺߵķλӦǺ׼ȷġ
ַ㷢Լܿͱ˦ˣԷӰӳ׵ʧߵУ޾Ļĺֻʣһˡ
ţʱַĿͻȻһĿĶԶ
½أ½أ
ȷе˵һƬĵ
ϣĵܹַٵĳǻĵзУһƬ̵ĻĵտţȻޱȴֻһƬƬ֮أľĵϵб¶ŵĺڰ֮ɫ·һ֮
ַĽŲĵվڻĵ֮ϣһɹ¼֮⣬ţĺΧƵĵУûκڡ
ϵĹʧַ㰲վһб֮ϣһƻ֮Ϯ͸˿˿֮Ϣšȥ
һƵĻ֮ϢȻǴӻĺϮģַ㾲ĸɻ֮Ϣʱˣ˻ȥ
ַ˳б¶ϣŻĵȥȻԶ˻ĺǹɻ֮ϢһЩ
ʱ򣬻ĵģͻأĴһɿµĻ֮Ϣַһ
ô£ַһ֮ôǴӻĵĴġ
Ŀ˸£ַŲŻĵĿԽȥЩ浽ô¡
ַĽŲ̤ǹɻ֮ϢԽԽǿˣɻ֮ϢǷǳһĻ֮
ĺеĻ֮ǻӵģ˻ʴ˵ļʳ˵¡
Ȼɻ֮ȴǸӵĻ֮һǴ»֮⣬ǿ
ʲôɻ֮Ϣ˵Ĵ⡣ַаٶȱû̫죬ɻ֮ϢϮϣоԼϣָоӽĵԽԽǿҡ
ڣַҵ˻֮ϢԴͷԶб֮룬֮ģǴ
ַĿ⿴ʱͷ͵һ޷ƽ
ַ㶢ȻһɫӰϥǣţӦַǰ֮ʱǿߣû뵽Ҫɻĺĵ
ӻĺеĻ֮Ϣ֮£Լϣʹ֮ΪԼֶͨΣַ㰵ľԭ
ǿӹ֮˵˶ԻĺηޱȣȻȴˣĺеĻ֮Ϣǲ࣬ͨ˵Ĳࡣ
ַ֣ǺӰΧȻֲһЩľЩľǿ󣬻֮µϢĳɳ
ʲôַо۽磬ֲ֮ϢʴȻûѸٵȥήǻĳɳţɼһǳĿֲԳɳܾõ¡
ңӦǿ߿⽫ľֲģЩľ¾Ƿǳı
ַͻȻ뵽ħᣬħڵɽȵУħᵮǿֲľȻѵҲΪʹľĹӣ
ַۿǺǿߵĿֲʵӦ֪ģϥһ֮Ϣӳȥƺûַһ
ǿ߶ԣһֻҪ浽ֱӵᡣ
֮ϢӶԽԽǿңַֻоԼҪϻɵκˣϵԶߡ
ǶԷ֮ʱͷŵĻ֮Ϣ޷ܣǶԷĻ֮°ֱϣ»ٵϻֱ
ַ˵˺Զĵطֱ֮ϢӰ쵽ͣ
Ƭĵַ㲻ɵ˳˼УҪȵķ·ҲǷǳѣҪԾȡ
Ȼܹ֮ΪʲôҲܣҲ˻֮ǷԲܻĺʴַ㰵ԼֵܹĺĻ֮ҲԶգĺ
Ȼɻ֮ϢǻĺжеģҪʴ̫ˣڵΪ֪Ҫòܹ
ȡѩַ㽫˳
˶ǴΧһۣȻҵһĵ
ַЩƵĵĵĺΧסǲѷɣ֪Ҫã쵰Ȼ˵
ңĵһ֮ܵʴԺ󻹲֪ᷢʲô¡
˸ַͣ쵰ô־棬ĵ֮ϣܱڻĺǿ
û취𣿡ַ˵
ʲô취ȻķҲʮꡢҲһ꣬ȵ˻һԸ㡣
֮ܲԼʵĺַʵɫһ
ĺеĻ֮ؾΪĺ
ʶ㣬Ҳַһ仰סˣֿ


0966 
ĺԶʱڱڣ꣬ȻҲǺͻĺΪԽԽǿĺûб֮£û˵˭ܹĺġ
һЩ츳ţȥоĺȥĵҲһЩߣ䣬ܡ
ûпܡ˶ַ
ַЩƣô֪ûпܡ
԰ɣȥĵ
Сģڻĵһǿ֮°壬㲻Ҫŭ˱ˡַһ
ˣһô뿪
ҿɲȥϱұ˼ʲôҪɻĺַһԷܴ֮ҲһֱԷ̫ܲһֱһûϣϣ
³ƵĳŻĵȥԷʵ̫ǿҲȷý棬˵ֶλ߱ջˣԷҲø㽻ֱɱ˶ᱦڴ½϶ο̵Ļĵϣɱ͸ɱһ˵ر
ַϥֱԶĻĺȻûֶΣֻԾȣԣԶ֪
һƻ֮Ϣ͸ӵϣַоֻܲϢȥûضֻܹԣϣܹá
ʯ֮УһӳȥȻһ̵ַ㣬ܹĸǹɻ֮
ֺ֮γһȻֻŻ
ҵʯϣһжʵȻӵ֣һַܸܻ֮ܲһٶȳ޵Уǿڤռ䣬ʯıʹճȥеĿռʣǳ֮ҫաصΰ֯ĵеľɫֵռ䵱С
漴ǿڤռ䵱Уһ֮ɫ֮ϵķţ͸Ż֮
֮Ϣַͷ΢ܹıʳֳܹճʯΰܹ÷ħʯԻճ˱ıֻ֮Ҳֳܳ
ңԻͨʯƺʯ̺ȻУ
ǻַ֮㿴ŷĻҺɫţʱĸܸӵˣ𡢸ʴϻɣǻܹ֮ãʹ֮ΪԼǿֶΣҲǿµġ
ַ˾ԵİУȥ֮ʯܹȻܽһгֳǿֶһټԣ⽫ַ޴Ĺ屦е
ĵụ̂ĺ֮У֮ϢϵӶϣַϥһʯ֮ϣ֮Ϣʴͬʱ屾Ҳһ˿΢Ļ֮Ϣͨ򣬶ԪݻĻ֮
ȻĺеĻ֮ΪĻַ֮Ȼǿ֮ͻĺеĻ֮Ϣ޷ᲢۣܹսҪͨȥʴĻ֮Ϣƺܡ
ַ״̬ѹͣ£Ǳȡ
ǹɴӻĺϮĻ֮ϢƺǿЩʴ壬ʹԪЩϢꡢҪȥֿûа취
ܹ֮ͨϢ֮ȥҲܣϾҺ˵Ĳ̫ˣҲ޷ֱǾĲࡣַап̾ϢһĻȷܹһƻ֮빥Уǣںɻĺûκãܡ
Ͼ䣬ֻǸͽ׵֮ˡ
˵ҪƾɻĺܣʵֵĻǻ˵áӺðַֹһַһܹ֮ĺǿԽĺԼĺ԰
ͣһַ֮ת漴ͿһӰ죬漴Żĺпȥ˲ʧ
ˣַĿһǰĵչĵطˣ߱ߣޱȡ
ȥַŲһ磬ĵط˸ȥ
ʱַб֮ϣ˿ͺͺģ뿪Ȼֲ֮ľҲȡˣӦǶԷΪ֮ġ
ˡĿ˸£ַҴȥط
ȥطַĿһ浽Ҫʲôĵʲôطȥ
ԣת뿪ַɻĸ
ֻĵһϿ֮أһЩֲ꣬ϻɱȴƫƫûе¡
Ͽкܶȱڣַ㳯һȱȥַɻһôҵôƫƧĵطˡ
ĸȱ棬һɫʯڣ潫ֱַ֮ϣƻӶ˼£ʯھȻһȱڣȱȴһţһֳ޵״
ʯǱײģַһĵоȻôһطҲһҵ
ȥɣĵ꣬Ҳ濪˵ַУûһ⣬Ȼĺڰ޷赲޵ɿԺĿ龰
ֻеһǽ֮ϣȻһʲݵּ
룬˸Ŀǣַɫһͣ룬ѵﻹ
ȱڵȷǱײֲֶϵģңʥƵǶڵ״Ӧһͷޣӵַ˵ַĿ˸ޣǶʥޣôҲһͷǿ


0967 
ʲôַʵ
֪ûȥҡҡͷ
һﲻɡַ㿴˸Ц£һﶼﾹȻûнȥһǿʯϿ·뼸֣Ǻġ
ƨ豾ۣںһŭһȴǰַ㣬쵰ڼⶴ޶ʥ϶ʵ˭֪ʲôΣգǿҲֻǸͨ˭֪ȥ˻ʲô
ȥַЦ
ȥͽȥÿĮɨַһۣ쵰Ȼַ֪ڼΪ˴۵ҲҪɫ
ַߵһԣʯڵǰʯϿ̻һݺύ·ʥƵûдʥõڸѲ
צʯϿ̻ţ漴潫צʯϣ⻪˸¡¡촫ʯ͵ĳſ̼䣬һŵϢŨ
ַǰ棬ȻǳĿ䣬ڵ֮ϣȻһ߾ߺǡ
вĵзģӦöǷǳˣʯڵʥƶ򲻿
ЩѾַ˼־֮⣬һۡ
ȥַ˵һЩǿ߽涼ˣһؾһȥĻ»Σա
㲻ȥ𣿡濪˵׼ʹ֮ҲһЩԱֶΣԾĻ̳롣
쵰һȻ˽ˡַаֹЩڡ
ڰ㣬һ𣬱ۿɿۡͺһ
ַЦ£Ҳ𻰣ʥ֮ʱ׼ʹó
ߣȥַ㿪˵һ漴̧ŲȥǿҵĺʹǰУңԽֻߵĹŶУԽǿż˵ôֱӷĻַ᲻ġ
˺ܿµĸʴ濴һʬ˵ʬͷʴɾֻʣӲļǣɼܵ˿µĸʴ
кöֱӻΪ˻ҽַ㿴ŵϵɫҽҲˣȴ
ʱָԶһʬ壬Ȼõ˿ȴͬ£ģ¸ʴ
֮£ַɫһôоǱĺеĻ֮ɱġ
ңַԽǰʬԽԽ٣ȫǳǸսʱкüʬǡ
ǰ档ʱ˼ַ֣Ŀתǰ֮ؿȥһ߼޴ĺǣſͬݰ޴
ʲôޣַ㶢Ǿ߾޴ĺ˵ͷⶴľͷ͸֮ѵּͷ̣˵ĻôԼҲ˺ǡ
Ѫ³һǾ߾޴ĺǰ㣬ǳ֮Уű֮⡣
޺𣿡ַһ
ߺǿû⣬ôЩɻ˼ǰȥͻأ䣬һɿֲϢϮ˲Ƭռ䶼ӵˡ
֮ϢַͫȻһǷǳֲĻ֮Ϣ
͵ĺһѩ·ַ֣涼УµĻ֮ѩ·ܱûȻȴûϮ
֮Ϣ˲ɢΣ·ûгֹһ
ɻ֮ϢܹܵǵϢʱյУԳһ磬Ϣ˲ʧˡĿⶢǰǾ߾޴ĺǵУü֮мƶ͸ż֮֮Ϣʹġ
ɫ̣÷ļһ·֪Ϊʲôͷǿˡ
ʲô˼ַʵ
ǿڳΪ֮ɻʶΪԺУӵͨޣƾǿ֮ʵ֮ɺӴ֮µҲûûµ츳ͨǳǿȻɻ̫֮ˡ
Ļ͸֮⣬಻һԪǷֿģ޵һľ۳оѪȻɻ֮֮ǿޱȣҸ֮
ַ˼֣ǱѪмڣɵʵ޿кü
ǵģʵǿԵüѪȻȫһɻ֮Ǹӡ˵
ַ㣬㽫֮ջأͷ᲻֮ͻȻַ˵ַ£˵ͷСĽջأʱ׼ٶͷš
ͷŵַҲһ棬Ȼǹɻ֮ϢӰ٣ûٶ緢Ȼֻɱ࣬Ըޡ
ϧĺеĻĵ޶̤룬û޷ⶴַ૵һһ޵ĽŲǰȥ
ߵѪǰַ㿴Ȼ޿̲֪Ǻ⡣
һ޵֮ӵѪĺ֮ϣͻأģһ˵촫һɫĹ⻪ҫǺ֮ϣ̹ⲻϵ˸󣬾ȻһõĹӰ
һӰӰȴ죬ü֮Ѫɫ⻪һ˫խȴ͸ǿҵΣ֮⡣
ӰӦǱѪǰǿûĹӰ
ַϽɽĽضһƵ龰Ȼߵֶξ𼴱ˣҲҪԣ


0968 ͷ
󱲣Ȼ˵˻ĵУ³һƺԸ
֮飬ʲô֮飬ڱ֮ڣĺĻ֮Ϣܹ𣬴û˵ܹɻĵϢȻǿ޷飬ˣ֮ΪԼãлĺ˼ɣ֮ûκεãҸҪκֶȥֵܹڻĺг۳ңʣ˱֮ĸܹ㣬ΪǿȥһƻĵΪǡ
Ȼࡣ
ȻǸļһѹֵɻ֮һһ𣬾ȻҲ˵ſ񣬱۶ûôš
ַһۣһѵҪȥһ˭ɡ
Ŀַ㿴Ҫ˵ʲô
ʹ̫Ը˻ܹ֮ƿػĵȴ֮ڣϵ֮޷֮ȫѹסңÿ겻ȣʹԼΣС
Ѫ˼֣ƺڸпԼľ͸ϧ֮⡣
ҡ֮ʼʴҵ壬֪޷ȥҲҪˡ˵ӰƺмԺ֮⣬׼磬ʶӵбܵͺһɻ֮û⡣
ǣվǵ͹֮ǿܹ֮ɣû֮Ϊҵȴûа취׵ƿѹԣΪˣӵѡʲô£ΪԭʼȻɻ֮Ի֮֮Ӵˣ֮ǻ֮޾ĻĺṩԴԴϡ
ӣ÷뷨һû֮ȡ֮һ뷨̫ˣ룬ѹҲò϶ԷķҲȷʵ޷飬ɻĵʹû֮
֮յɻ֮棬֮ʴûֵ֮ɡ
֮ɲôɵģӶԷ֪һǿεȿֲǿ󣬵˻֮С
󱲣лɣΪҵһǰδе֮ɹˣƿػĵ˲Ȼǿ󣬲Ҫȥԣ㲻ܻ߲ҵĻסĻ߸ô֮ˣһҪס
ӰĻ漴Ӱɢˣռ䵱УֳֳһƬŵĺڰ
ʱǾ޴󺡹ǵУĻܻ֮ţһȥнɢȥƺҪɢ
㵹ǱȽ񡣡ַ˵һѪҲϣܹסΪԼΪ˾޴ĹףΪ󱲿һǰδеĵ·
ƨôܻ⳹ͷβķӡŭ費ħһҲɣҲ˵ĻгɹĿܣ츳࿪һɵ޵ͨûʱɻ֮ȷʵ˲η֮
ַ˵ͷҲͬĻѪȻܹʹû֮Ҳη֮ζгɹĿܡ
Ƭַ̣ʵοٵģֻܹ𣿡
ʲôɫһַ㡣
Ҳ֮Ӧַ֪ܲܿ˵
ַĻĶַ㣬ôˣַϿӵѩ֮ʥǣһȻ
Ҫɻ֮涢ַ㣬˶Ŀ͸һ֮⣬쵰һҲǸӡ
ַĿͬ棬ͷ뷨ʥӦǺٰ֮֮һʹȹޱȣңܹвκβӵҪȥеֱ֮ɻ֮
ʥȷӵпֲһ漴һԣû뵽ַҲ˷ͷûȥ룬ռ׿
ô֪֮ʴ壬ڵԪײʹϢң㲻Ҫһôġ
Ҳ˵޵֮ɻ֮ŲͻҲͬӵнֻл֮ڵԪͻʹû֮ʱʴҵ壬ұһֱ֮Уֻʹá
ַӦ˵ڵǣܲܿ
Ͼ츳ͬһȻӵʥһ֮ⲻ֪ܲ𵽿á
Ŀⶢַ㣬һֱڡ
ңǲǿԣַ㿴ķӦʵǲԵĻһһģ˿
ص³ַ˵޶ؼ飬ȻȴбʵĲͬԼֶΣޣӵ֮һԣ಻ӵ֮ǣͬѩԸΪʥȻ㣬ӵ˼䴿ֻ֮Ҫ֮ǿһĳ̶ȣԻٳ
˼˵ǿԿٳģ𣿡ַĿ͸ŷâڵ
֮ٳ㲢ǵһ³һǳַĻǿԿģ


0969 
ַ˸ŷâӵȻʥֻܹûи츳ͨ
Կַʵ
պĶͷ˸һâַ۾漴ֻһ⻪ֱû뵽ü֮һ֮䡣
ַ㾲ĸţҪ֮עȫû֮֮ٳ
Ǿ޴ıѪĺһۣ˿̻֮ϢѾɢȥַһӣ߾޴ĺһͷ𣬼ĺҲǼֵǣǳ
漴ַϥ£ڶ׼ʼ
濴ַһۣ漴ŶȥȻһҪһԣ԰ɣʥĿٳҲַԻо޴ĺô
еַȫ뵽ڵʥУһʥѩֻܹ֮һ˿һƵѾ㹻ʹóѩ·һƬգܹʥȫǽһɿµ֮
ַ㲻ϵͨʥֻһ˲䣬һ֣֮ϲһĹʣ֮Ũ
Ȼַ㲢ûڴˣȻ˿һʥѾ˲֮⻹Խǿ󴿴⣬ٵҲԽȹ̡
Ĺͨʥһʱ޷ַȴһֱС
֮ǶУ˿һɴޱȵַ֮ϣȫǹĴ֮Ϣʥ֮͸ÿһطַˣԽԽ죬һۿȥ˾ԻὫַ㵱Ϊޡ
ַü֮һɿֲ֮ޱȷ񣬲ϵĳַü֮أ֮أַҲͬλá
ѩɫ֮һУϵİݽȥһǬĿ١
Ŀ֮嫵󣬲ϵĳüģü֮УȻµĺХ֮죬·ŭп˱̶֮
УȻƮ˴׵ѩ
ַ΢΢ţȻȴҧϿʥĴ֮ü֮ԽԽֲ֮ͻأһɿޱȵռ䴦ѩԼ֮ȫС
ַŭһһʥ֮âųҫ۵֮⻪ַܹʥ
ǿʥҲſٶȥʱХ֮˲䱻ʥûһʥ֮ƮУ֮ûŭֻһʥڻС
ʥѩ֮ѩıܹûΪѩҲַܹûǱѪĽѵУܴڲӵ޷֮棬ѪΪ֮޷ѹƻĵղ
ѾٳַȴûֹͣɵʥͼøʥУס
ǹ˼գַ޷ʥҡֺֹͣϥ˫˫ݵӵˡ
üֻ֮۾㣬ıպϡ
Ӷ滺ַ߽㣬һﻹĿٳҲãͷѩ羹ȻԸΪ׳ʥ
Ҫԣַ˵˵ԣȻָɻ֮
ַ˵ͷվ漴Ŷȥһԣܸġ
ĿΪַ࣬󣬺ܿ죬ٶȿĵĵıԵشһɹɻ֮ϮǳĲܡ
ԶɣȻܲסַ˵
ַ˵ͷվǣһʱü֮һµУ·һֻ۾ֲӶһƻ֮ɵоУ͸ַ㿪ٵС
ַֻ΢΢ʹֲĻ֮ҪʴȻʥٵҲǷǳȹ̣֮ѹ棬תҪ֮ȡ֮
Ŀⶢַ㣬ԵЩţһЩʱַ̣ϵſ˵ͷɣ
ɫһ漴˵ͷǱѪȷǿһ·ȻΣգĸ޸ð˴գ̻֮
ַŲǰŭ𣬲ϵŻ֮һʱַ̣У֮ʼϺʴַ·Ҫ
ͨ޼㿪ٳҲס֮ѪܹɹҲΪʵǿȹ̣ܹʱѹַ֮·ʲô㣬ǱѪ˻֮ȴ޷㣬ҪԴԴϵɣճܲס
ʥͷųһɿµסƻ֮Ļ֮İ
ַŲͣ£պϣȻһԵȴõַü֮ŭХ֮ⶨַڴ֮ñɽĻ֮Ϊеһ֣ȡ֮
һջ֮ȡ֮Ϊһ֣ʱ㽫ηܹ֮ݺĺη壡
վһַ·붨״̬С
ſַߣĿⶢַ㣬쵰ҲͱѪһǸļһ
ãַϣһɹɻ֮Ӷ͵һţ쵰ȻͿʼԻ֮ӵ嵱У̫ˡ
̺ȫľ޵壬ֻҪһͷеͻӶַ㿪ٳҲһе֮ͨţ֮ǽԶԶģֻҲܹܻܹ֮ĶԻ֮˼ɣַ㣬Ѿڿʼԣ


0970 ĺ޼
޷ܻ֮֮ջСűĿַһ֮ͬκһǿɵõǵڻĺеһɿ»֮˿ַҪû֮ΪԼãҪСġ
ַҲ֪ԼôԼЦ˿̵Ԫͷħ֮ǰһ䵱У֮ͻͬʱ֮һӵÿһ䣬ܣ·ᱻ֮ʴȻַͲֿܹסһ˿˿Ļ֮
ֱվǣַһһĳţͬʱ뵽Уʹʯȥ֮ͬʱᣬһԻ֮ĸԽԽǿĵֿӦƺһ΢ƽ⡣
һվʮ֮ãַʮ쵱һֱĸţѾĽ֮Ϊһ֮Ǵмû⣬壬ܹܶǿĻ֮
ʮַ㷢֣Ի֮ƿԽԻ֮Խ̣ܹܵĻ֮ͻԽǿ󣬷ǳ
ϸ㲻ףԻ֮ƿԽζŻ֮ԽӽȫΪԼ໹ޣǼ֮һ֮ͨͷţԲܻ˼ΪȫȫԼģ֮Ǵ缳ȡɶġ
ԣԻ֮ƿԽǿ֮˺ԽС
Խ̳ܵĻ֮ҲԽǿ⣬ͨǿֶοʹԼͷų౶һּµ
ҵ΢ƽ㣬ַûͣ¶Ի֮ɣϵĳŻĵıԵشȥĺ֮ԽԽǿ󣬵ѾѶַ鷳ڲϵӦ֮ηϮĻ֮ˡ
ʱĽŲѾͣԭأҸַһȥַܹܣǳܲס
ַһĳããĺпڵϣɫࡣ
һȻĳɹˡ˶˸ͣ˱Ѫ޶ǵȫѪΪ̰޾ɻ֮޷ܣַ㲻ֻͬٳģַΪҪĻһַҲ޷ܻ֮޷Ԥϵʲô档
ַ֮ĺѾֻ֮룬վ붨״̬͸ͷ糾֮⡣
ַ֮ĺֻ֮࣬ڻĺ֮£졣
һַ֮ɪӰվڻĺıԵĻĺϻĵַ˫ûУַɴɽɻ֮ϢϵĴϣȻ
ſĿһĶַ㣬ĺˣַ㣬ˣվڻĺıԵſֲ֮Ϯη塣
ʱڰĻĺַ˫֮ϣַǰһ޼ʵĿֲĺϣһɻ֮ŶĺеĻ֮ûаĲͬĻ֮
ѾܹվڻĺԵ˵Ҫĺ»ĺԨĻ֮ӿֲַתããĺ̾Ϣһʯʺͽʱʣһʱ䣬ǲӿȣ±޷ˡ
̧Ųַ㻺ĳããĻĺ̤ȥܿ죬ĺû뵽ϥǴ
ʲôԶַһһȻŻĺȥ
ģܳܵסַûлͷŲǰ壬ԽԽܿ죬ĺѾû뵽ؿڡ
쵰һܿ죬ַ壬ȫıĺû뵽˻ĺУ涼Щַ޷ܵס֮˲ܹ
ĺڻĵıԵŭַӰû˰㲨·ûгֹһ޷ܵκϢֻл֮Ϣ
ĿĶƬĺ쵰ѵܹܻĺʴˣߣҲκεֱֿӳ뵽ĺȥ
ãɿַӰⲻɵмּĳʲô˰ɣ
䣡ڴʱĵԵǧĻĺУһӰü֮һֲ֮ϢֲĻ֮û뵽Уַ㣬ĺôú󣬾Ȼֿʼɻ֮
涢ַ㣬ַֻü֮ŭХ֮ŭ𣬻֮Ŀֲ
Ƭ̺պϣַĿתߵ棬Ŀ͸Ĺ
αۣĻ֮ѾӰ첻ˣҿΣڻĺΪΪɻĵֱҵַ͡Ŀ⵱͸һĨЦݣݺĺη壬ȻֻһĵԵĻĺҲԺˣ߶޷ˣĺԲǽ֮ء
쵰С޷ܡַ
ģܹ֮ʥĵԽǿʥ֮ҲԽǿͻĵ΢ƽ⣬ʥ֮޷ܵʱȻͣ¡ַ͸˿˿˷֮⣬ģܹɻĵʹó޾ĺ
ʥĿһַ˵ļһûʥַҲܹһѪµ뷨ͷûеƸܳɹû뵽ַײȻˡ
漴ַֻһֱ꣬ٶû뵽ĺʧûӰӣܿ죬һط֣ڻĺ⴩˼ɡ
Ҳû뵽ĺ֮״ҪģڻĺС


0971 ԯ
޾ĻĺУ̵ĻĵϿգһ貵Ĺ⻪գ͵ĳŻĵ׹¡
¡һֲը촫ĵ˿˿ƵĻ졣
ĵб֮ϣ쳾һޱȾ޴ӣ·ʲô档
ӵԱߣкüӰΪ֮һλŮӣ˿̵ɫǳĲÿĿһֱӡ
ŮӵλӰƺĻ
Ůһʱһ⻪ͻƶһС͵ս˿ȴ𲻿
λӰǰ˸սɫÿ
С㣬㻹ܹУҲû˹ĻҪĺص˻ľ²ˣսж⡣˻ͷŮһۣĿ˸ͣƺ˼βܹŻص˻ľ
ŮɫԽԽزȥˣѵҪһֱĵϲɣ
һȺŮĵΣ취һ֮ڣұҪص˻ľ
С㣬ս޷֮ǲܻصȥһ֮ڸܣֻܵȼǿǰѰҡ˵ûսİĻôܻصȥ
ȵѰңŮɫףǳĲÿĺжѵ̵֪ĻĵϣҪѰ絽˭֪ҪʲôʱҲԶҲ
СҪôɫҲ
취һ֮ڣұҪذ˻ľŮĵ
һۣĿ˸·𶼴ӶԷ˶Է˼
վ˻תĿ⿴Ůӡ
ţŮɫһЩԾˡ
СܵʱѾ֪ͨ˼壬һڼҲҲǳһĵᱻѰҵġһ˵һ
С˼ƺֻҪһ»ز˻ľһռ嵽Ƕ˿Ǳˣ𣿡
һ˽ӿ˵ŮӽŲ΢΢¡
û˼ֻϣǶܹ취Ҿص˻ľŮƺ֪ղԼЩżˣ˿̷βԣҲ˼֡
֪СΪθŻȥһ֮ʯʺյһͽˣʱԯһӵлѪԯӽ߳壬Ҫһͽ֮ϯλʱףӭȢС㣬ԯѪҵѪϣԯӸлɾͻ壬гһյٻ֮ϯλ
˼ڣŲϳŮȥһƺš
ҵѪԲǿ˵Ѫܽ˵ѪȻԼϣʹ˫õĪĺôԯһֱڴܹ֣ԯӶõһͽҫʱ̣ǹâҫۣʱףԯϺңĪĺôʯʺ֮ƣһ˵ԯƺҪ붯λߣΪ֤顣
ǣСԶʧããĻĺ彫ԶҲСģսû֪Сȥ
У֪ǶͨѪСϣᵮʲôĺô
ϵЦɫԽԽ䣬ƣŮ岻ϵĺˣɫࡣ
Ǽ֪ǻᱻ塣
ҵҲС㲻ڣԶҲЩСǵġ
ȻƸۣǵȻηңһҲ˲ôˣܹСϣܹǿѪǶô֮£ԺĵõĻս뿪ĵŰ˻ľ෴ĵطȥ
ʱеһĿתб·ȥ˵𣿡
û뵽ĵгǾȻˣǸ֮ˣ֪ĵġһҲ˵һ
漴һӰ֣Ȼַ㣬ս׹ôĶûио㷢֣ȻˣʱһսϵŮӣû뵽ƾСսǾȻӾΧɱ˳ĻˣӦˣսҲٵ
˿ַ֮Ŀ΢΢һ漴һЦȤ˵ļһȻûڻĺС
ŮҲַ㣬ɫȴѿַʵ̫ˣ侳أؾʵַĳ־ѡ
ֻһ˻ĳַϵɱΡ
ôãȻ᲻뿪ѵΪСȹ㣬ҲС˼ɡ˵Ц˵ϧϰʵҪСֻζѣܿСͽҵˡ
ū˵󣬲ūվūţһ˶ġַЦĳ
ɫһĿַ㣬ӵһЩͨصʵҪǳ˵Ρ
䣡
䣬˲ϢͷһɿֲϢַץȥ
ַŲң̤͵ĺˣѸ١
㻹𣿡˽Ϸ·ӵ⣬صΪַʹң޷ѡ
ɱ
ַһŭȣ·³ɱԷ
䣡
˵ȭ͵ĺɱȥʱһɱŰ֮ϣ˲ϢĨ׷ַ㡣
Ҫַɫ䣬ü֮â貣ɫ⻪ŶԷɱȥ
ţüͷһ壬ڣַصΪȻܹڣ
ɱ󡣡ü֮ͬţһĹ⻪Բ䵶ռ·ҪƣַڸѶȥ
һַ³üٶſֲŭХԾںһɿµĻ֮ü֮˳ȥ
䣡ɫ͵һʲôͫ
ǡ֮Ϣ
ҵĳ鴤£ĽŲ͵ĺˣȻﻹüֲĻ֮˲ϮϣûһҵĽ彥ıʴΪžֵݷ·ǣȴѾ׵ʧ


0972 
ؾ֮ˣ˲ɱ
ֲ̻֮С
ַü֮ͷֿɴ⧲ԷղŸû뵽ַ֮ʱٶſͷŻ֮Բű˲Ĩɱ֡
ɱַ֮˸Ǳ߶ȥֻǻŮҲսֻؾŮѾڵأ˺һ飬ļ粿¶ڿУԵüˡ
ţ˻عͷַ㾹Ȼûɵüͷô£ַ㾹Ȼţ
أ˶ַĮ³һʶ˳ȥȴûзһ˵ټַֻ㡣
ˣѾˡַ㵭Ц˵
ˣɫһɱ
Ϊﻹ𣿡ַɺЦ͸ż֮ͣ˸ţˣ侳صϣ
ˣΪɡ˳ĬƬַ̣͵һЦַսʹùһͨϾսƬ̵ʱɱصǿߣ϶ַȻΪʵԲؾ硣
˿ǵصŮҲԼˣлᡣ
ɱŮӶַ㿪ڵ
졣˶Ůһݺݵĵһַֿۣ㣬Ц£Ż֪Ů˵ݰɣ˻ľ֮أΪǻ֮ǿ֮һϼǧС㣬ưһӵмѪܹһ׷Ů֮£ܹ׳ѪѪøǿǸԸ⣬Σ
ַ㿴Ůһۣò˿¶ѩ׵ļˣһӵصѪκ˶о޴ջ
ַսƿ߶Ĺ̬Ⱦ֪ŮӵݶǷǳʵȻˣ֮ǿǧֲֿӵмǿĸ߽
ŮӼַĿ¶һ˿ɵ֮⣬˿̵ȷʵ̫Σ׸ַв֮ûκη֮
ҡŮĿ͸һ˿֮⣬ַˡ
츳ǿѪ֮ǿ츳ǿ֡˼ڡ
ҳϣĶˡַǺǳЦŲĳŮȥ
ŮӵɫһڵϻЩԹ޵Ŀųַ㡣
¹ȻǴˣôŮӣݸ߹󣬸оһЦŵַĳ߶
ܿ죬ַߵŮӵǰֻŮҧЩ񶾵Ķַ㡣
һƺڿռţ·ѩƯ
ô߹Ůӣܡΰɣһĺֲַıɱȥ
¡ֲڷŰȻȴȻķֲ֣յУ޴ַڵĵطƺյС
һֲɱ˲ַѾת֮Ӷֲɱ
ɱַŲ͵һ磬ĳһ촫޾ŶԷշѹȥһɿֲشơ
û뵽ַķӦ˵Ѹͣһÿռ·ضҪ̮ƼĿ͡
峯ˣΪղַͬĴ˼ɣ˿ַ㹥̺ˡ
ţ
ĿͻȻһֻǿԵѾѹȵȴûãͺԭ̤һɫ䡣
ֱ̧Ӻɱսһѩ·ڲ
ֲϢδɢһѹѹ£̧ͷȻķһֲľɽɱ
ɽſֲشƣ·ǿȻһѹȹȥֻоһޱȵؾѹѹȵ޷Ϣ
ˣָ޷ˣ˵˲ˣǿֲĸɽֱշѹϣ¡ľ޴ֻоĹҪѵ
쵰ŭһȴɽ뿪ֻ˲Ϣޱȿµѹٶշѹȥ
䣡
䡢¡
һֲأնҪ첻ϵĴ˹ϵıѡ
ס֣ͣ֡Ȼַֻǲͣĺ
䡢䡢䡭
عĲµشƽѩ·ѣ˵Ѿſ
ŮӵĿ𺳵ĿǰһĻַֻһһŸɽϵѹú޻֮
ס֡˻ַɫĮס֣˻͵Ϯɱַôܸᡣ
ʯĸɽѹ˵壬ڲϵıѣ˵屻ÿѪϢ
˺ܾôȫƣַͣŵĸɽ»ʯʧ˵ѹ
͵ϮɱңַĮ³һ漴عŮȥŮĿЩɵַ㡣
ɡַ˵Ů֣ŮĿַһۣ漴Žַ
һַгһۣŮӵϣȥ˰ɣ
Ůϵľ֮⽥ʧ˼ַ֣ŵһУ֮Ƚʺϻָơ
Լúˡַ˵һ漴뿪صб֮ϣֻ˿ҲĿⶢ׹ٵ֮
ڿʲôַ˹ȥֻûַ㣬֮òŻعͷַЦСӣ֮𻵲أܹ޸á
ַĿһܹ޸ã
˼ǡ
ҵ˼ǣǿ뿪ĵˣ˶¶һĨЦ⣬СӣȻ


0973 ̤ϰ˻ľ
뿪ˣַ£漴¶һ˿ǳǳЦݣ·һʯͷأظ׵˿
׵ۣǱ㶯ְɡַЦ˵׵۵˵ͷһЩʱ䣬ң֮޸ҪŮӷһĨ֮ϵ
ַĿ˸£ȴ޸֮֮ܽͻظ֮ԺΪģİȫҲֱϣԺ˰˻ľΣյʱ²١
ַ£ӵһ֮ȷᰲȫܶ࣬Ҳѹ뷨
Һһ°ɡַ㿪˵һϾŮӰûŮӣʱڵսʱ򣬿¾вС鷳Ů㿪ң׷ɱҲԷ꣬ղҲֽ˻ɱȻҪ֮Ҳкһ
ַ㳯Ů˵ĵطȥ濴ַıӰ˶˸Դ΢΢ҡ£ȻַһദҲ֪һ̫ˣ޶ԣܶʱⲢʲô¡
֮ŮӵѾϵַַָܹ֮֮ȻȻ֮£ǰ˼ֱӽԷ֮ϵĨˡ
ַУ˵Ů۾ַ֮ʱ΢΢˸£ʵʲô𣿡
ҹ˵£ܹ֮޸áַŮ˵һŮɫһַģ
ַ˵ͷ
鷳޸ãһл
һ޸֮Ҫ֮ϵĨֵַ
Ůüͷ΢漴ַ˼˵ͷã֮ܽ޸ǰ˻ľ֮ɡ
úˡַŮӵ˵ͷ漴뿪ˡ
֮󣬻ĵԵ֮أһӰӻĺдܳ漴ŻĵĵȥʱѾͣսų֮⡣
׵ۣ޸ˣַһ
㶼Ѿ֮ƿȨһԲ֪𣿡ַ˵
ַһ̼֮Сưֱӷɵַ֮ϡ
Ҫ֮»˾޴Ĵ۰ɡַ૵һܹ֮ҪǳʦһҪͨ󷨵ȶֶͨΣǳѡ
ǵȻܹƳ֮ˣҲʵǿϵǷǳֲġӦһַΪȻĵ˵ͷ΢΢𣬶ʱս֮ϣ˲󣬻޴֮
ĻҪ֮սȻҲǾ޴ģҪ׼
סַ˵ͷֲֿսҪ֮άҲܡ
ʱԶŲַ֮عͷ㿴Ůӻ
֮޸ˣŮӿյƯսһĨɫַΪյĹΪҲǿصľȴɱصǿߡ
𺳵ǣַȻ޸֮ս߶޷޸ãַһ֮˾Ȼˣ
һЩֶΣÿԽ֮޸áַ˵ȻܸŮ޸֮Ĳߵ档
ǾԲ֪ġ
ŮȻɻ󲻽⣬ҲûжʲôַӵһЩҲ
ллңҽǣҵҲѾ֪ˣ֮ϼ֮ˣϣܴҺĺһͻҡŮӶַ˵
ҽַ㣬ҲңַŮӵ˵ͷ˵ҲҪǰ˻ľ˳һ뿪ĵɡ
ã˿ܻڻĺнɱңȻǲһܹǣСĵ㣬һ˰˻ľ˾ͲҶôˡ
ʲôĪҲǿСѪȻսͿʼɱַ̽һ˾սҲ֪ôˡ
ǻĺһİĵԾΪʢĵͬһǳһԾŲޣ˾ǿ֮⣬һЩ֮˻ȥһЩףЩ˶зǳıһ̸Զߣããĺ˭Ҳ˭
ھɱңΪϼ;һЩڣ⣬ҲȷѪԭ档
ǶַһӾֻһɴѣʲô׼֮ĺ;ĪϧӦû£ֻǲ֪Ƿ뿪˾ǰ˻ľ
ַҲֻǺˣ뿪ˡ
߰ɡַûмʣ˵һ漴Ųһ磬̤֮
˸£ַһ
һĻ֣֮漴ڻĵлһߣããĺм۶ȥ
޾Ļĺ͵ţ޾Ļ֮ԨɲĻ˭Ҳ֪ɻܹ֮µʲô̶ȣ˻Ļ֮籩ǿҲҪ˱ܡ
һ֮ããĻĺԵúС纣һûа㲨Ȼ֮ٶȴǼѸͣһ·ĺϵĳŰ˻ľķ򼲳۶ȥ
֮ϷַԼվǣǰãã޾Ԩַ㲻ɶȻһС֮⣬ں嫵ǰڵΪԵС
֮һ·ûֲĻĺ籩ҲûĽɱ֮֮˻ĺһˡ˻ľ


0974 
˻ľڵô
ַͷһããĺоһλã뿪˻ĺܽң˳
ڻˡǵһҲû뵽˴ξȻôĥѣĺ籩ɱµѱ䡣
Ҫ׼ȥǶַһ
ַƬ̣嫵İ˻ľϤʯʺͽҲ֪ģǵ˵ԯϹӽǰһͽϯλ֤飬ȻҺԯдĬĻôӦҲǰȥ
Ҳ֪ȥģΣҪȥģȥַǳЦ˵
ǵ˸£Ŀַһۣ漴ͷãҪȻһˣһ̰ɡ
ԸЧַ͡ЦӦ漴ǵָ֮£ĳ򼲳۶ȥ˿̵ַ㽫֮˰ĻûлĺʴʹðĻ˷Ѱ֮ҪսǴ޵ٶȶҪ죬ңʲôܹģһΣĸǿֲĴڣױūۡ
ϼڱ֮ӵмһЩ֮⣬˵ǰ֮һλڱ֮صԪǡ
ʱԪǵϿ֮أһ֮񷣬ϼɳ۶ȥ֮һߡ
֮ҵҪ̧ͷһ˲ʧ֮һӵ֮˿ɲ࣬ǳҵķȥӦ֮˵Ŀ
֮ϣſģ́ԴɢĿ⿴ַһۣСӣˣ㲻Ұɡ
ַ㿴һԵ棬ʵʲô𣿡
쵰СӲ̰ɫɣѾ͵ſڣˣȰ㻹Ƿűȥɢ˵
ƨַһƵĵȻѾ͵β˻ص壬һ飬ǰμʯʺͽ
˶Ŀⶢַ㣬¶˿˿ɫ漴³һĴΰɣ㣡
ַЩɵĿһۣ漴ѩ
֮ٶȼĿֲûйַ̫һĴĴƺôϣϼƺЩȻ˵û⡣
ȥｵ䡣Ƕַ㿪ڵ
ַһ֮䵽һ޴ĹǰʯŽգһַЩףʯǺ⡣
ֻǰַʯ֮ϣ̼䣬һɿµղ漴ʯϢĴſ¶һĴ
ַɫһȻǬ˿ſʯֵĸղſĺ󷽽һƬռ䣬Գһ硣
ˣϼ壬ǽȥɡŮϻָһĨ߹֮⣬ڻصңٲҪ˵ɫ
̧Ųַһ̤֮ŵ棬һ֮˸оǼ
ŨԪ
ַаĽΰȴ͸֮ͨƮͣһǼǿʿĵط񹬶ӵһƬ֮أҸۡԳһ磬ַҲܹ⡣
һӰƿն˲ϢٵǵߣǵʱǶ΢΢С㣬ڻˣС㴫Ϣ˵ڻĺΣգѾǰĺѰңȴδѰС㣬ǳġ
ַ㿴һĻͫһһ̤ӰȫߣÿµһȻңšܹ֮ġ
ˣȥ̫үүǵ˵͸֮⡣
һȺ˶·ÿУǵĿⲻַϣַоһЩһһ伶ĹĿȫ·Ҫ͸ܲ
ǵĿַҲͣƬ̱ƿˣһ˸ϼĸضȥ
ʱһһ羰ŵй֮أйĻ԰֮Ув֮ˣڿǵ˲䣬ĿжһĨɫ
ǻˡһɫǰһЦ˵ڻĺΣգƽˣԽԽˡ
˵֮ʱһ˿ŭɫ͸źɱϢƺΪŭ
һص壬ѣȻǶҶһǰ˵
λҲ׷ױԼ̬ȣҪƲ·;һҪ˶ɱɾ
ͷλΪǵˡǶЩǳЦ£ЦºͲʧڣȴԵõȻ޷롣
ϼΪһɿֲеǧھΣգִºЩȻЩҹϵΪļ꣬Ӧöֱϵ꣬һǱǼԴµӣ⣬Щ궼츳󱲣δȢҲʶܹӮ˻ȻãϵѪټš
ȥ̫үү޷㣬λĪҪǡǶȺЦ£
ǿһ漴عͷַƬ̣
áַ˵ͷԺƺϼһңȻЩϰߡ
ҽӴһַүԼλӡǶ˷Ըһ漴йȥ
뿪֮ЩĿַϣַͣתţƺҪַⶼ


0975 ɱ
ܹΪһɿֲǿѪо޴Ĺϵ˽ϣܹںǵѪʹ֮Ϊãʹϼ֮˰ݸѪҵˣΪ֮ˣΪɸǿѪǻкܶŮˡ
ͬҲΪѪԵʣҵҲǳϲŮӶԸˣǿѪҵֱϵŮӣܵ׷ǣΪϼĵϵѪǧҲǼò㣬׷
ǰôϢӵл֮ѪԯϹҪɽһĿӭȢǧǿѪԯҪǿǿϣúܶжį֮⣬ҪӵлѪԯүֻΨһһȡԼķģ֣̫ˡ
ʱй֮Ժ䵱УȺǺַϵƺΪܵʱַһ˲Ϊ˵Ľ㡣
òΪʣᣬصĻʵַΪֻ֪֮εõġ
ƺĺܣ֪һҺӵܡȿڣַǳЦ£ȻЦݵȴһֱĸо
ַ㣬ȻּңֻǱ֮صּңֻ˵ּҺ󱲵֪ǺιϵһֱӽַΪǱּҵˣϾܹһӴˣӦҲ֮ˡ
ַ㿴Щ˲²һû뵽ⱱ֮ػиңЩ˺ȻĽȥˡ
λˣҲּ֮ˣҲʶ졣ַ΢΢ҡͷ
ּ֮ˣȺһ㶣ȻΪ⡣
ڿЦɣ²ּ֮ˣʶġ̽ʵ
·;СʶУѵһҪּ֮˲СʶɣַЩƵ˵
治ǣȺ໥һۡ
벻ǣԲˡ˿̣һɼ۵Į˵һֻĽŲǰһ磬ʱһɿµѹַѹȹȥյУ·һȷޱȵľ޴ɫȣַն
ȺɼֶһЦû벻ǣһԾ֪ˣַּҵˣѹȶȻʹóּҵһ֪
ַ㿴Ƿľ޴ɫȸѶɫ΢Ⱥһù֣ҲҵĿ˰ɣȻԷ˵ֱֱӳ֣һûн˷
죬ʹ˵Ĵ̶Хַ壬ͺһޱȷĵƬһǱնУ嶼Ҫ
ַͣ͡һʱµĽХ֮һ޴ĽΣȴɱȥ
꣡촫Ȼȴмɫȼն£ǿᡣ
ַŲһ磬˳ȴɼһЦƻӶ£ֱ̼뿪һƬƬȷâȫնַ㣬ǵء
£˵Ҳʲôּ֮ˣαͱˡַ˺֮ʱһԷΪܴ֮ѹ֮
ǵĻĮһЦŲƮȻǰһâ
Ǿ
ַĿĮŲֹס͵һ̤棬ʱԵĽ־ŶյȫŭХ
ؽ־ȺĿһ⣬ַؾ磬ؽ־ڽ־ϵΪ¡
Ȼּ֮ˡɼһЦ۷˶˶죬ּ֮ˣû˵ǽޣַؾʵȴӵصĽ־ǽɣӦڽ֮ϻ˼Ĺ򣬲ּ֮ˡ
Ҳͬ뷨ַ㣬ּ֮ˡ
صĽ־Σһɱ˱ȵЩ˸âٶȻڿգһޱȾ޴ȣȵ
ͬʱһɿµŶɼӵı󣬾Ȼޱȵ̼Ƭռ䶼ҫޱߣ·еĹ⻪˹ȥƺһޱȷɣ͸ſµϢ
꣬ٶȿ£죬Ȼ¡Ŀ⿴꣬Ŀ˸һＴ㲻ʹҲɱַ㣬ȻҪȾԵԸַ㣬ǿΪ֮Ҫ֮˵Ĺע
ַ㿴ŶԷʹǿĿʱ΢һ꣬ȻѾ̤˰˻ľ׼ʶǿܺǰѩ¹Ǻͨꡣ
£Ƕ֮ͣΪǷ̫ءַĮ³һ
ȴɼЦ£ַĿ͸ӣѵΪսҲ֪ɱ
ַԷ֮ĿһͣȻ㣬ЩӵܣԶеҪļƣһʼ̽˿Ҫɱ֣һжй淢ôһ˿µļôܻ᲻֪Ҫ׸ղǸճֽҵ˲䣬̾ǰȥ
ôֻ˵ǵսҵĬнеģǲ֪飬ַǱɱˣҲʵˣ
սʱǽйУ߹˼йһڡ
ڵڵ̫ʦϣһλ˿ǹʵǣһʲôˣ
̫үүַ㣬ڻĺʶǶ߹ĻӦһû˸ղŵ֮⡣
ˣڻĺȣ֮Ͷϵʲô飿˿ʵ
̫үүұ׷ɱΪ˻Ҽȫɱֻʣһѣң֮Ҳٵˣ׹һĵϣ˼ա
ǿЦ˵һĺգҲԼ̫°ţΪǿ֮û뵽־棬ɳô߽ɱ


0976 䳰ȷ
֮ٵڻĵУǣôɻĺģѵһսɫ΢мֺ֮⣬š
ڻĵַ㣬ʣµҹһˣȻң֮ģַ㽫ɱңַܹ޸֮Ƕ˼
üͷһǿʶսеַ㣬ַûао
սȻܹ޸֮㽫޸õ֮ҿ˵
¶һ˿ɫͻȻĬԡ
ôˣһ
ַ޸֮߳ĵҪ֮ǵ
üͷһһĨš
ȻҪ֮
̫үүʱ֮ҶѾǷһû˼ֵһڻĵУַܹ֮޸֮Ҳûʲôңһǽһ
ߣôң˼֡
⡭ҲǺҡҡͷ
Ѫ˭õò֮ҪһҲ֡³һ
ǳĬƬ̣ûַȻһҲõһ֮ıַѾ㹻ˣַһеȷҲЩ뷨
̫үүϾȹңٸһЩ֮֮Ȥܱһġǿ˵
ǣ̫ˡʱһֻһӰÿݣǺǳмơ
ǵֳᰡ
˿һۣ漴¶һ˿Ц⣬ᰣ˵ĻҲûȻңҲҳʲô£һЩ֮Ȼ߰ɡ
̫үүסһЦ漴ǵǣ߰ɡ
óȥǻصйʱɼ꽫ٻҪɱַ㡣
֣֡ᰶɼ꺰һ׼ɱֵ£عͷһۣһ漴ջء
ֳԣѾǸˡ̵ĿַһۣŨŨ֮⡣
ַ㿴߳΢΢˵ͷҵȻĬˣϾǾǵҽͻصңҲǻǰˣҪǽ飬ΣƺʺϣȻ뿪ҵĺá
ƺûпַһɫĮȻַЦ΢Щ
֣Ѿ˵ˣлãͻң֮͸ģ⣬һЩ֮ҲȨҴлһЩ⡣
гһöָһ˲ͽַָߡ
ַĿһָסɫȴǱ£ϵЦݣȴо֮ܲ͸ģ
ʲô㣿֮ѵ޸ܸԭܴǻصң
ңİ֮ʲô˼ڴ
һǣֻɫĮȻޱ飬ַ΢䣬ʱ˹
֣ܷ˵Щ֮͸˶ʵ
ᰵЦ£ڻĺһЩ鷳ãҪõ֮һңȻ֣ܿЩ֮Լ֮͵ǳлˡ
ǺǣԭˣȻǵ̰֮ͼһЯ󱨡һ
ɱ֮ˣѹֻңȻΪ˺ô
Щһַ㣬ַվǣŴָǵ˼˼
ǿַһۣ˵ַ㣬лһң֮ţ뿪ɡ
Ǻǣˡַ㽫ָϿӣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ƺԳ
֮ǻջȥɡ˵ţַ㽫ָظᰡ
᰽֮סüͷһַ˵Ī־òǲĻһٲһЩ
ˡַ䵭˵һ
ǺǣǻңΪѵֲ֮ɣĪҲ̫̰ЩɣһЦж΢͸Į֮
ԭǧǿð֮ģЦַ䵭˵һ漴תʱķȥ
͵ĳ£ˣ뿪ңС
Ҫ뿪ȻҲԸǷ飬ֻ֮պðɡĮ˵ַʲôݣһ֮ˣȻ˵ð֮ǧ
ָ͵ĳַХ֮·𽫿ռ䶼Ҫơ
ַȻתһɷ֮Ϣ̺֮УȻһָۣУֵһ۵Ȼˣĳȴ֮ǡ
Ƭַ̣ӰʧȺߵС
ַ뿪ıӰɫĮƬ֮ŻЦλЦˡ
δҲ̫ˣ˾֮
ǺǣϾҲǰǣֻǣǵ֮ȥҸовˬԺһЩΣգ֪Ǻáᰵ˵һ
ЩɫһĿ˸ȴ᰼ֵ֮ǿǷǳ֮ϲϧˡ
֣һЩ£иǣԺ߶šʱ᰿˵Ҫ뿪
ҲЩҪ죬Ҳһ국˵һܿ죬Щһȥ˲ȫʧˡ
ᰵУһ˿ĮЦݣ͸һ˿⡣
磬ǿֳЩһǴˣеİʾһַΣˡ
ǣڶĴ治ˣαؿĮ³һ漴Ų̤һʯ̨֮ϣ֮ôõģ
˵գһɱ⣡


0977 ׵ۺܲˬ
ַ̤ҵ֮ţ³ƺо˲٣ĺܲˬ
ƻӶֻ֣һ˶ɨһΧЦŵôԿͷ˰ɣ
ȰҲҪңԤϵʲôַʵ˿̤֮ǰĻָ
ҪԤһ֪ܻᷢʲô磬ûǿʵûϿԣңʵԵȣݵλԵȣ֮ŮңҲֻᵱЯ󱨣ң㻹֮
˵˾䣬ַɫһ̫ˣΪԼǣٽһǰμʯʺͽʲô⣬û뵽һ̤Ҿ䳰ȷʲô˿ˣҲֱĬϡ
Ĵ½ûʵ˶ԣжҲģ˶ǿ߱ϹϾңȴ̬ȣؤ
Ϊβҡַһۡ
㳤Ҳã֪ʲô硣Ƴַһۡ
Ͳұ𣿡
ܵģô˵ҲǼҵǧʵҼҪֶԸ㣬ҪôԼԶ֣ҪôҲǰɱ֮˼ȸȴҵҪһǰȫġ
ϻ쵰ַϵ쵰˲֪£ľǱҪ͸·ܳ
׵ۡŭַ㡣
ַӵĿһۣһγҪǵɴ۱СҲֻڻҵź͸߰ˡ
³ַĿ͸˸㡣
֪˲١ַһâ޳ܵңǧԷ񣬸׷٣ѵҪɱɣ
˸ַ峯Ԫǵٶȼӿ࣬˶ܵһԻҡ
ַͬƮһַĸоϢֱסˣԷ˼ʲôڰУװ׵ĸ׷
ңЩ˵ľ綼ߣٶҲǼ죬ַ㲢ûȫУǶԷҪϵĻԺܿ׷Ȼ׷ȴûôһֱַ㱣һȶľ룬ȲҲ
Ҫ㵽ƫƧ֮ٳ֣ƫƫҪԸ˶ʱͣ¡ַ㴫˵ῴ͸Щ˵뷨
ַ˵ͷɫĮμ˸ר˶ĵطȥ
ʱַһ޴Ĺ㳡ϣܱмΰĴȫӰ
طַ㵭ȻһЦ漴ֹסټˡ
׷ַüͷ΢壬ܿҲߣͻأģһµɱȻŶַε
ɱһ֮ţֻٶȼĿ죬ַ̼ǰֲľ޴ɫȳַնɱ硣
ˣŭַ˲ƮˣӰΣһ硣
͵촫޴ɫǰѶ·Ҫռ䶼˺ѵַϵѡ
ȻַͣˣǱٶֱӽַնɱ
ΧȻĴȺֻżЩ˽Ŀת²̫Ũɱ֮Ԫʱݣϡ֮¡
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Ҫٶȳֵʱַŭһڿռը죬Բ֮صȫܹ
ң
ɱڣ
ַеңָĸңԪǣ֮أϼ壬ֻһңþԪС
ַһ仰˲˵Ŀ⣬ǶµĿַߣ磿ΪҪԸһ֮ˣ
䣬Ȼǳҵĳ䣬һֱ⣬Ҫ׷ǣȻ׷ɱˣˡϳ꣬ʱ˶˽
ǽҵĽ˵⼸ͣҲڡȺϳݣ漴˷׷׶˳Ⱥ֣˶Ǵӣ䲻ңҲֲͬܿ˵ΪڻĺգǶңʱǾȻ׷ɱһλصꡣ
ˣһµİɫӰӹ磬ؼһ貵â
濾ſ죬ǵɫӰ³һʱһɿµĻ潫Ƭռ䶼ס
ֲ͡͡ɫ⻪ڻţŭ𣬱ѿ
ٸӰѻ𡣡޴͸һĨЦһ
˼ɣɫӰɳǰּĻ˲
ʱͫ͵£һưɫĿ»͸ſµ
һɫ͵ĳǰȳȻֻ͵촫ɫ˲ȼչȥ
üͷ͵һ壬һƮȻˣͬʱֻſһ̣ʱЩȫ̻ضУ·ûгֹһ
ţ˶¶һ˿ɫһȻˣȻ棬ղһ㰵֮ɫĻƺ͸Ϣѵı
ϹޣȻ֮
ȺһǷˣҵĻ鲻˸ŮǺαɱڡ³һȺɫһ
ҪٶȳֵĳҲ˸Ůˣ
ϻ쵰ַҲ£漴ŭ쵰˵ʲô
ڰľ˱ˣ衢˻Ҫɱڣڶѵ̱۲̡һַɫһ䣬еȷһŭ
ǹҧҲˣϵùȻû뵽ԷôݶˣȴҪɱ


0978 ͱ
һͷȻҲĮĿ˵澹ȻҰܻǵ´ȥǵ٣ǰͲˡ
ҺôӵܣΪҪ׷ɱһ飬ЦһڻĵоǧͶϣ֮£Ҳ˼ǺްɣմҳǾ׷ɱδ̫ꡣ
浨죬˼ɣַһգ쵰ʲô
αַۡ㴫˵ֱӽӵСӷİɣȻ۴½ô˵ҲίǣҸģ۱ֻ֤
ַ㷭˷ۣ쵰ǲǳԴҩˣ˻ľͻȻú˷ˡ
󣬺˵˵ȻС㡣˵ɫ͸һɱ֮⡣
ΪһŮ˸Ըҵӣūۣ֮ˣƫƫŮ˶û˼ֻżһѡ涢ŶԷˣܵЩϵɱĵְɣɱǣû֪ڻĵϵ֮ˡ
һɫףѿޱȣ˿֪룬ַֽɱЩΪˣɱǣǵǱܻˣɱڣһĻǲҪҸлҪٽ֮ſ¶ˡ
û뵽ôһ쵰ޣſڿӣʲô˵
ַ㿴Է֮ѿɫĿһۣ쵰һںͶԷŪĻء
֣ǸʲôʱԶӰƮȻֵܣ᰺Ƕˡ
ֻ˿̵ɫѿû뵽ַߵͷ澹Ȼܻᰵȴʼմº͵Цݣʲô쳣
֣Ҳû뵽ǻΪǵ֮⣬ֲҪǡһϵַ̬˵ڻĵаǣͻҸм֮ϲȻ͵֣˽ȻҪԸ֡
ȺƺһЩֻе׷ʲôɲǺ
ַɫĮĿᰣûϷȻܹݵ˵Ȼһ仰ֱӸһñӣΪ̰ͼǵ֮Ż׷ɱ
֣ŶһЩݣȻ˱ɣǵ֮ҪߣҴ⣬ȴȥ᲻֪ϣһһͣǳַ㱰޳ܣ̰ͼ֮ˡ
ַۿЩòȻȺӵΣһɣӵĶӡ
㲻ΪǼ׷ɱһ᲻֪ɣµŮˣһĬȻĿһУҲؿַ㴫˵ַɫƽ¶һĨЦ⡣
Ĳ٣ϰߣֻǽҿ̫˶ѣʵҲһ
үС㡣ʱַЦźһɫһ漴ֻЦַ㣺кηԸ
ĳҪ̼⣬֪ɷ񣿡ַ
ֵ޷ɿĵ
һСɡַ㵭ȻһЦǵС㣬ʱڻĺУ֮׹ڻĵϣѱ䣬ˣ㣬Ҳǣ
ǣǲûе֡Ӧ
ǵȷûе֣СѾˣжԷΪûеַ֣ʡ
ҡǳ
ûҾ㡣ַ㵭Ц£ȺһȻԭˣַ㾹ȻڻĵоȹǣС㾹Ȼ㱻ˣϢǾ
С㣬ĳڻĵϣСйж
ȻûйæӦ
ַЦ£ڹغ֮£ǳĺܿ졣
ôС֮ʱѾ׷٣λص˻ľصҵģַ׷ʵ
ɫÿǻӦ޸֮ͻصҡ
ǺǣллСܹʵ˵ַĿ⻺תᰵϣүûңС֮Ƿ֮ķڻĵ֮ϣңСܺɻĵصңү˵˵Ķ𣿡
ֶǵĶ飬һǵáº͵ĵ
ַЦ֮޸ѡֱ뿪֮ҵģС򱻼ڻĵûУǽС˻ĵ֮ӴңΪɣ
ȻɺЦѾɱ⣬޲ַס
𣬿Ϊү֮£˵ȴһַɫȻ̵˵ҽСͻңܵʲôү˵ҪС֮Ȼ԰֮ңүСľ˵ʲôˣ
ˣҲֻҪһ⣬лְ֮ϵЦݽʧ
ҲŸ̤ңΪЩ˾͸ٳֱɱ֣үνַͣʵ
ʱȺ˽˿Ūǰԭˡ
Ҳδ뵽ǶӣΪ֮׷ⶼĳᰶַ㣬Ȼ˵ѾûǸ⡣
˼𣿡ַЦ£漴׵Ѿټαװȥˣ֮鶼֪ûǵĬǻ׷ɱҶ𱨲˵αػҪ̬˿ŶģҽͱףҲûбҪαװȥˣɱҰɣ
ңһ֮ˣ
ַĻ͸ŨŨķ̣һֽ׵ͱ


0979 ս
ַЦᰵ˵ĶԵüĴ̶˿ɫҲ׵ҲûЦ⡣
ԭҺù֣Ȼ𱨡˶΢Щַͬ㣬һȴĬ֮׷ɱ湻ҵġ
˵ǵӹҵĶôõģһһ֮㱾ϵ˱޺ãҵҲɡ˽Ʋð˾ŲʮǱ֮صңӴ˭ǱϹϾķУǣҪ֮˴ɡ
Ҵ򽻵ܲСЩ̾Ϣ̫ˣΪԼжңȴûϵһ𱨡
ﻰһƬ⣬Ȼȴ⣬޻˵䵭˵˶֪ڱϣɲҵ档
ַ׼ڣȴȵ𣿡
ȻĻˣҪݣôɣС룬һǧö֮ټһ֮صĵͼְɡ
Цһʱ˵ɫһȻʨӴ󿪿ڣһǧö֮Ǹµ֣Ҷǲġ
ַ£漴һЦûȻ᰻ҪװǱ֮°ɡ
ôԼ˵ҪҲˣǣΪõֵǧö֮˵µͷ
˸£漴¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ֵ˼Σ
û˰֮͵ͼұ㲻Ƿʲôַ䵭˵
ǺãȻҲ˼ĵͼպá˵ʱȡһöַ֮㡣
ַ㽫֮ӹ漴᰼ûһǧö֮ͻؼȥȡֿڴ˵صƬ̡
ʱ䣬Ҫãĵ
Ŀһɨһۣû漴ʱ䣬Σ
ʱûеǱΪΪ֮ˣղŵĻҲȫǷƨ
ãȥתǵһ𡣡
˵գ˸ܿʧ
ߺ󣬳˵ĽŲĳַ͸һĨ⡣
ַɨȺһֿۣһʧıӰЦ˺ҪαװʱЩɱңҿʲô顣
˴˿̶᰾Ͳַ㷭ˣ˵ʲôȥȡ֮ҸڣóǳɱַѣĻαؽһߡ
ֻҪһǾͲɱַ㣬Ҷ𱨵ͱʵˣȻҲȻȴûָܹңϵĹҪ
үŸո뿪ʲô˼ַ㿴ЩΧȺЦһ
ûʲô˼ûκιϵͷңҵҪж͡Į˵ϵķ֮ٶŶɫĺâյ˸ݡ
Ҫҹûʵôַһ˿⣬ŶˣĵһȺνĴӵܣҪ۹ѣȻôԸ⵱˵һɱҰɡ
ЦɱһصϣҪһ𡣡дŨ֮⣬˵ҾͿˣλűУһʱ㹻ˡ
һȴţȻҪǱ㿴žͿˡ˵
ɱɣһǵһμſؾ֮ˣЦЩһַ㣬·׼ͿԽַշѹɱѴ֮
ֱַ㣬Ц˵Ҳѵü޴һֱѰ·Ȼˣȫ
˵գâޱȣϵҫռ䶼һ̷·͸⣬ַѶȥ
ɱ㣬һ򵥡ֱ̧ۣʱһųޱȵɫ⻪ֻӶʱһȻգַѹȥռ䷢̶ļ֮
ڳ䷢ͬʱַϣһ貵ĺţַ͸һɿµķϢ޼᲻ݡ
һ̵ַ·һʵҪеǰ֮˶նɱ
ɱ
³һɱ֣˲ϢַǰһѸ͡
ͣ
һµĴ̶ַֻ֮ǰһޱȷľ޽֣޽ε˲䣬Ľ֮ɱ
ȸž޽ȴͬʱ긡֣һ۶ɵķⶶ£ʱַ⳯ɱȥÿһⶼôռ䶼̵ǧٿס
꣬Ⱥľ貵âʹңԶǶܹĸܵÿһ⵱̺Ŀ·֮ңٶҲǿ쵽Ϣ
䡢䡢䣡âھ޽֮ϣ޽ȻڲϵıΣİݽȥһâֱӡھ޽֮ϡ
꣡촫껮գֻ˲ϢͳַϿգĿ͸ŨŨ֮⡣
Ҳԣ֪ɱ
仰£ʱâţ޾ɱ֮â¿յַɱȥ
Ծѹƣ֪ʲôֵ˽ַĮ³һؼȻúֻѩлƮ˿̵ַϣһ֮Եޱȵ
ַ촽䶯һʱ޾âԻ˲ʧټַƽվǣǰ·һѩ·


0980 һ
ţüͷһ壬޾âȻ޷ַ㣬ô£
ΧȺҲ¶˲֮ɫǻΪһַȻ˿ַ͸Ĺ޾â޷
ɱһŭȣ죬һ貵ɫߣַɱȥ˲Ϣַǰ
͡͡µУиſռ䣬·ҪַնֲϢĸо
Ȼռ䣬ҪַնΪεʱ̣ǰĿռȴòʵĸо޴ޱȵַնȻַվѩ·֮Уϵɫô
ɱ
ĿȻ޷ɱַ㣬ǡ֮
ôܣؾ磬ôܹ֮Ⱥɫ𾪣Щǰɱַ˸һĿ⽩Ӳַ㾹Ȼܹ֮ǱյУֶ̫ˣ˿һȻɱǿޱȣɱַ㣬ôҪ
ɫѿɫĳһӣ˶˶죬µٶնѿռ䣬ַɱ͸ղһ˿Уַû£ǰĮĶ䡣
ɱһŭַֻ֮Ʒ·յ̽µķųնɱȥ
ˣȻһٶȿ쵽˼飬ַĹҪ죬ܵһ
ÿٶȣַɫһȴٶ˸˲Ϣɱ˻貵ǵأնա
ôַЦٶûѩ·УѾǳϤƿأģһʱѩ·Уٶնա
ɱ㡣ɫѿʱؼȫǿµ⣬Ƭռ䶼Ҫַڵѩ·ҲֽС
ɱɱɱŭһ޾âַڵѩ·ɱȥѾַܹһʵַΪʹȻʱ޺ַ̣ܹܶһֱ档
Ⱥ죬ַڵĿռ䶼նֻоЩϢ̫ˣַյУʮַҲҪնɱ
ַ̧ͷһ⣬漴Ŀⶢų䣬͸Ц
ѩ·ĳųӶȥüͷ΢壬ȴδӣ˳һзܿ죬Ҳѩ·С
ȻܽҴҲ㲻³һſҡɱַ㣬Ŀ͸ǿҵɱ֮
𣡡
ַſ죬һŭХع·ѩ·Ҫͷ͵һֻоħɱǰȫǿµħնɱ
ôоħϢ˻Դַֻܲʱ˿ħô£
ſڵǰȻһţ̼֮Ϸ·޾ɫնɱȥħҲҪնɱ
ȴ˿ַһŲƳһʯ͸ſµķ֮
㲻ҲҪѲƤַ³һħʯ͵ĺ䶯ʱµķħ֡
͵ĳŷħʯȥȻҪħʯ
ҷ⣡
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ַħʯؼ·һħ켣֮һɫ·Ӷϣⶼ·𰵵˺ܶࡣ
üͷ壬оһ·סâ貣һնַ㡣
ҷ⣡ַһŭȣһħʯ¡һ֮һѹ·ɽ޷ſµâ
𣡡ַŭХһ˫ɫַֻоʹ
ɱ
ŭȣüſһޱȵַ⳯ɱȥ⾹Ҳµǵأ佫Ҳһ͸ſµɱ
ôĳܷ⣬һ⣡
ַЦµķħ֮ٶţУһħʯ֣óɫüѿ
ôַôôħʯ
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ַŲ͵һ磬ڿգƵ̺һɿµ֮С
ˡַƵз֮תݣ˿µ֮У͸ŷħ֮
ɱֲ˫ƴɱ£ɫ࣬ٶ貣Ǿ޴껺ſ嶼棬˶貵âУħʯӡϡ
ҲУַɫһֲ˫͵ĺ˳ϣȻȴоƺڸ֮ϣӲޱȣ¡
ʲô̬ꡣַƵ³һɱ֮ʱޱȣ֮ʱˮйͨ
ʱ֮Ѿɢ屻ֲַһƺ£涼ƿһ󶴣һ밼ݽȥˡ
ΧȺһ𺳣û뵽սľ棬ַ㾹ȻϮѹƣϧһµΪȴƽⲻֱַħʯɱֻбַŰķݡ
ţ㲻ϣܽĨɱ𣬴˿Ĺˡַ㶢ų̳¡һµ촫ַһƺڷħʯ֮ϣӵ˳
Էħʯȱѹƣ޳ܵļһɫѿ˿ʱѾȥˣ䲻ûɱַ㣬ѹƣֻʱ䣬ʱ᰻ǾɱַҲˡ
˼Ӧصľؾǿַɨ˽һۣĵҲһϣ


0981 Ѫ
ҲһϡַĻýɫ̣ȻһϣؾĴӶԸһ֮ˣ˵ȥˡ
Ǵ˿̵ǲʹõҲûоԵİɱַ㣬˾Ȼһӵкüħʯɱַ㣬ƺô򵥡
꣡
촫ɫ⻪ĳ建Ķ£˸޴ŲƺҪַһЦŲһ磬˳ϿգĿĶ·ɫš
һַƵгһʯͷֻ̼䣬ʯͷ󣬻һΡĸɽַоĵС
һĻȺɫһʲôһѵҪɽҳ䣿
ͻأŭХȺ·ܵؼȻڳɽַۣƵŵľɽܹͨȻ
ʯַ㾲ĸţǹɹͨȻоٶȸ֣һ̣·Ȼ֮ΪãĹ嫵شơ
۱紵죬ַĿⶢ¿գɫһ˿֮ɫһ̼ħʯ⵱зɳصϡ
ꡢ꣡ƺ귢˶˶죬ſ¶һ˫۾漴㿴ַվ֮ϣŸɽЦݣ͵һ˻δһɿµѹȵҪϢ
৵һ촫ٶȱպϣεİסͬʱַͿ¡
¡¡Ⱥ·ŭХַΪģһɿԵȻ쫷磬ڷŭɫӲسˡ
㣡ַ³һը죬̧ɽʯľɽ͵ĳ£һ˵Ŀ⵱ֻɽ塣
ǡ¡¡񷣬ɽ֮ϣ˲ѿһĹ֣ݺύϵĳԶӳȥ
ȺȻĶŵѿĴأŲֻоݺݵĳ鴤£ĿⶢųڵλãֻһڣѾ֪ҵȥ
ַڿգʯƵУĿĮĶŵ֮ϣؿ֮û˰Ϣ
˿ڿˮղǹǶֵսľĸо֪ôˡ
ڴʱһ⻮ռ䣬ֻһӰ֮ϣǳ䡣
˿ľ޴ſ¶壬ѿѪǶͷ֮һĿĵ˿ڣ˷·ǸѪˡ
ɫ䵽£·Ǿ֮Ķַ㣬Ҫַȥ
湻Ӳġַ³һôǿûнѣֻĳˡ
ȺͬУ꣬Ӳ̶̫ˣַ˿͵һûбѣ̫ˡ
Ҫ³һַüͷ¶Į֮ЦղҲ˵ɱңأ
һףǿܹġ˵֮ʱͻȻӿһɿµѪһȺ·˴ڷ
ǿѪȺһͣ˿̳ʹѪؼһɷ֮ڿռŭХܿ죬ȺƬնһɿµķ֮ס
ϣӿһɳѪ֮Ŀ¡
ڳϣɫĹ⻪ҡϣ޴ſ꣬Ȼڷȥÿһ쵽ף·ǿµ֮貵޷ֱӡ
Ѫ꣬Ѫǿꡣ
һ̵յУһɿޱȵɫ籩µķ籩籩еÿһƬ͸ſµ֮·ܽĨɱ
ˡˣ
οʼˣɫķ籩·ҪƬռ䶼ɵ̫ˡ
ŭˣݣղžȻһؾŰˣԡѪ˿̣Ѫʹóˡ
ַ㵭ĮվյУڳĶ棬ǹɿµɫ籩Ŀ·Ҫû
ѪǿߵĺᣬӵǿѪ꣬ʵֲɱͬͨ׾٣ôֶΣɱͨؾ֮練ƣҪԸ˲һЩĵƸɱ
ַ㾲ĸɷ籩аҪȫȻܹɱ䣬Щֶȴܹʹóģ̤˻ľ֮˵޳ܣҲˣһϳУⲢԸûѡ
ԷҪɱʲô˵ֻսˣ
ȺĿⶢַ㣬֪˵ʲôݣս˿ֲʱַ͸ĿƮʷǷҲǸѵõţϧûƵĻ»ҪڳϣѪֲ̫ˡ
㾹ȻӵзħʯϧҲҵˡ䶢ַĮ˵ɫķ籩ԽԽǿңַһѩƮ䣬ٶʹöǹɷ籩޷Ӱ쵽
֮Ҳصܹó֮ǿһ̶ȣ֮ơ˵ֲɫ籩ϵĽɱַ㣺ңƲ֮ҿܶá
ַЦĿų䣬ĵ㻹ôţ֮ȷƣ٣ûʸ˵⻰
ûƲ˵ֶΣ֮һƣֻҪǿȻַԼʥ֮ûٳ䣬Ƶˡ
ʱ䣬ַܹʥ֧ʱûа⣬ңҪһֱ𣿳δҲ̫Щ


0982 ûʸ
ɫķ籩ԽԽ£ַվƬգ籩֣޾âϵꡣ
ûʸ񣿡Цɡ
£ɫգֲѪٶŭ
յУޱ߾޴ضڵסȻӶ䣬籩ء
͡͡͡һХ֮Ⱥ岻ϵ˸ڲͣ˺
ѾԶˣǹɷ֮ɴʹǵ壬ⶢڵ֮ϣһƶǧٿףǿɫ籩룬˿жôµĻ
̧ͷһյɫ籩ֲ̫ˣŭХ籩˺һУѾַӰˣɫ籩·УҪһжл
ɷ籩룬ڻޱȵİյУѩ·еַ㣬ɫ͸Įż֮⡣
ҿֵܼʲôʱҽһҪ³һַ㣬һҪ
ַվѩ·Уֲķ籩ɻռâͷΪ𾪣ĵʵȻǿӦúعһֱϵѪˣ̳˿µѪʹѪ궼ǼĿֲһŭ֮£Ϊ֮ɫ
ңؾعӣʵֲΪ侳ء
ǸСˣӵϼѪ֮ӦйŮˣӦкܶѪֶοҲǷǳɡַ㿴ʵʱ뵽ˣǴʯʺͽʱΪ侳һͽԯϹӣӵл֮Ѫֻ֪ôĿֲնɱ֮ͬһ練ơ
ϧҵҪˡַͬ³һӶų䡣
ɱ³һʱյеɨɫķ籩һնַ㣬һַܵѩ·ڶҡǿһĳ̶ȣӵյһҪ
ֿʿԶѪǿ󣬼һЩֶΣȴɻ֣ᷢԼֻվĵײ㣬ż̧ͷ̫ҪӣǱ΢Ĵڡ
ƽ·Ҫַ顣
Ȼַֻ¶ǳǳЦĵǿǳܹ׶ҡģʵ·;Уһղ۷壬ÿ˶ҪֻߵԽߣҪ˱Խ٣ܹԽࡣ
յһϣվѩ¹ĻʳǣҪ̧ͷϣվ˵ĵطѩ£ǵεɱ䣬ʵǿḶ́ڲϵɱ䡢ͣ
Ҫӵкܶ࣬٣Щ˵УԲ㡣ַĮ˵һƽĿų䣺Ҵ̤ڣսδ֮ͬѹƹԽս㣬侳صʵǿѪѹصˣûκܹʱҺͬȾ磬ҵĵˣ㣬нֻ϶ѣڣҵУҲͬʲô㡣
ַ˵֮ʱһѩ·֮ϣһƯ
ֵɲǣһ£·Ҫƿѩ·ǹڽҡҷɫķ籩УԵôҫۡ
ʲôɫһַǱΪѩ·Եʣ޷ĸܵǿ󣬵ֻǽĹ⻪·ܹܵĿֲ
ַղźսʱʹùħʯ漴һɽ֮ʯˣƺкܶı˿ֳ̣һ
գַһѩ·ʧַ壬ĳ˷籩룬ȻǱبǣΧɫķ籩ƾֹµĽâҫһƬգûκâܹ롣
ÿֲĽ
ɫ΢΢һĿĶַ㣬ôַһ֣ɫķ籩޷ַֺˡ
ɱ
õޱ߾޴ҡڶֲޱߵķ籩Ŷȫַɱȥ
ʱַ㰲վǣصĽ־ȫͷţ뵽У΢΢£һʱΧְǿֲɫâĹ⻪޷֡
ɫӲôʲôôô£
ַ㣬ôӵı
Ҫ𣿡ɫķ̳˿˿ĸо
Ըֶк֣ܶȻһؾʹѪսҸҪأûʸ񣡡ַĮĻӦһеĽ΢΢˶̼䣬һĨĹ⻪ŶΧâʵ÷顣
ɱ
ɭ³һֲѪŭХٶţַնһޱ֮նַ㣬ֲɫâӵˡ
ͬʱַеҲĻӶ趯ȴ·̺һɿµİ֮⣬̺ʥ֮⡣
ͣ͡һâյ趯һѤĻţ֮һⶼУ
ʱȺĿɽɿµɫ籩˿Ƕڲţַ֪ûбɱ
ķ籩ӵһЩֶΣ´˿ַҲѾնɱ˰ɡ
籩ôڳѵ仹ûɱɣʱ䶼ֻʣ°ˡüͷ£ǹŭХķ籩棬ҲҪɱַ֮ˣܻ߳
ţҲţǶſַʬ壬ôš֪


0983 ̤
µɫ籩У֮⣬ַܱߵķ籩ʵ÷顣
ʲôĽɫѿ֮ϣƺĴ켣籩ҡַ㡣
ɱַһȣնɱһ̣ɫķ籩Уһ貵ĳ
ɫѿһ˫ʱµɫ籩ȫֵǼĹ
Ĺһصİɫ磬赲ǰɫ籩˲仯Ϊҽ
ˣӶ͵ĺˣѸޱȣͬʱӳâ赲⣬Ȼ졢ͣת˲׷ϳ䣬ԵâһѤޱȵ⣬ΨмһĽâ˵Ķǡ
ܣɫ䣬ŭһֲѪٶţ޾ɫ籩˲ϢһҪͬʱ˫ɫһαպϣУâڰ֮ϣֻһ˲䣬˱һ޴ޱȵɫϼ롣
֮ͣ͡⽵٣ɫĲϼ֮ϣ޾ⱬѡɫĲϼ뱻
꣡촫ɫĲϼڱ׵İ룬¶ѤδϨ֮ϣ죬һƣϵĽ֯·ʱ
𣡡ѪŭХ˫֮ϣһʺѪɫѵͬһѪ֮·ĿģȻӲ̶ȣƺֲˡ
ͣ͡ȫƣվʧˣѪɫĳ峯¿׹ȥ涼ѡ
漴ַӰ̤ɫ籩˿еѾʧȺźַ㣬Լ׹ڵϵĳ䣬ֻо඼ݺݵĲ¡
ô£ղɫķ籩Ȼûɱַ㣬䱻ɱ˵ң
ַôģ侳صΪô˵Ŀֲ
һЩҲʵǲǿޱȣǼĿ£Ȼ籩ûɱַ㣬ûַˣƵ˸ɴ࣬ѪɫƲűסˣһ֮ɱ
ַ㶢ѪеδҲ̫Ӳ˰ɣղоѾҪˣʱѪƣʹһûܽƵ
Ųһ磬ַ¿ս䣬͵ļ̤Ѫɫ֮ϣһ촫ŵݽȥȺ΢΢£һڽ£֮󣬿»
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һϣΪ׵ɱ˿еϲ̤ͬϣ֪ʲôܣַ㿴Žˣ䵭³һ
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ַ㲻ṳ̂ųϡ
Сӣÿһۣ۸Ҳζҡڵǰַ˵һ
ַ㷭˷ۣ쵰һƻ⾳
΢ַ㽵ڵ֮ϣȴЦĶѪЦΪһǾͰȫԻ𿾵ζ
˵գſ죬Ȼ³һ棬̼Ż渽Ѫɫ֮ϣ֮ϵȼ
ȺһޣúݣȻҪûա
ȼյĻƺԽԽң޴棬ž졣
ֻ˫һ˿ɣƺڷ̣ѻ𣬿ɲôϨģܹ㵽ʲôʱ
ʱַ̧ͷĿ⿴ԶĮĵʱӦõ˰ɡ
ַĻո£漴ͿԶӰ˸Ȼá
˿õɫȴǺܺãᰣڳϼ֮ȼյʱϵЦԵüĽӲ
ַ㣬ûݺݵһ䡣
֣ǸʲôᰶַһΪĮ
֮ɣ֮ҺǷַᰵĻᰵ³Ļûвαģûʲô˵ģûȻԷҪװǾ̸ʵʵģð֮ǡ
ɫһ漴ȡһöָӸַֿһǷһǧö֮
һǧöΧȺɫһȻĶһǧö֮Ǹµ֡
ַһʹָϵ漴һ̼һööİ֮˵֮ϡ
Ǹʲô᰿ַĶɫһĵĪ㲻ĳ
˵ˣҵȷô㡣ַЦ£öָ˵ϣ漴ԼĴָ֮
һ𱨵ļ壬ʲôοԣˣҺַǷҲûбҪαװˡַ㿴ɫѿᰣЦúܲãҪʱ䲻ɱҵģûдҰ֮²ǰ㻹룬ҾȻҶҪ֮һϧļƻգΪάҵ棬òαװȥ֮ңΪˣô֮Ҿˣллҵĺ⡣
֣Щǵ˵ĺá
вңõҵʱ򣬻ûк㷭ѾɱˣڣѾڼƻҪҵ֮Ͱ֮ջȥȻҪɱңֲܶôҲֻڿͷ˵ˣȻﲻʹ죬ҿɲϲһţܡ
С㣡ַĿǵϣЦŵûʲôͼıĵط֮԰㣬ΪңҲ˶ѣң㽻ѣϾڻĺҲѵãϧˣվˣûжԵȵݣκε嶼лл㣬ǡ


0984 ֺܶ
ַ㻰£Ųһڿȥת˲ʧƬռ䡣
ַĻɫӰ˸ƺһƵĻ⣬ַӴ࣬˵ĻҲ࣬ȻԷƺȷֳ˵ˣ뵱ַ֪ѪͬѰֻҪַаڻĵжв֮£˭֪αҪҡ
Ȼ˿ҲֻǴ˲䣬ܿ㵴Ȼ޴棬ַ˵ǲԵȵģǧ𣬺αһַ㣬Ȼһַ㿴ӮˣףֳŹַģҪ̫ãַͻǸˣûбҪΪһ˶⡣
ҲֻһַվñߵʱĻں޲ܹͷƣȻⲻܣΪܡ
ҲַͬʧӰĿһʼָƽҲû׷ɱ
ǵķϣһҷŹ㣬ȻҲ˵ǷѾˣնҲ֮£ûлǶ˵˵뿪ַַ˶ף˵Ҫɱַ㣬ҲҪһɡ
˵ĶԣܿǱټģһΣƾնҵĲҲɱĮ³һ漴ȺܹȡʬңᰳŵһӵѪŮˡ
ȺᰵĻɫһ˵ж¶ʣѪŮӣǿѪ
ѪεģѪСҲãȻѪǿܹѪжֲղսĳ䣬ΪѪѾǸˣҲ޷ǻصɫ籩
ֻһ˲䣬Ӱڿգַ뿪ķ׷ȥЩַͬ㣬ͬ黹޷ֵסջѪŮӵջѪԽǿˣԽĶ
Ȼע׷ַˣ˿̵ԪյУһ֮ѤĻߣԪȥ
۰һңֻһǧö֮ôлҡɢĿַ
һѻûֹɡַݺݵıһ棬˵ôҲɹ֮ףӦһЩֶΰɣûʹùҺ֪ϻ쵰սˣ
û⡣ӵĿַ㡣
Ϊʲô֣ǲǽȫʵҿϢƺܿܽ˰ɣַ棬ϻ쵰ٶȵҪ죬Ҳ֪ǲһ֮׵
ʲôˣΰĴǿߣٶȿǻ֮£ڱΪβ֣ʲôҪҳֵĻνһǿߣҲˣһ˶Ժݺݵ㡢㣬ּڱǰֵʸûУһվ֮ϸǣǱ㲻ԾĿ⿴㣬ǸŮ˵Ͷͱĸ䵭Ŀ⿴㡣
߰Դ˵ַаϻ쵰ش⡣
һվñǸߣǵɫһúܾʰɡַ㵭Ц£漴ϻ쵰㵱Ҫ֮ҲΪ˸Լʡ°ɣܶ˺ܶ࣬Ҫˡ
ָۣûΣգöЩϳ֣Ȼ˵
㲻ֱַܲ飬һԴϣ֮ϴ޺ԼĻ档

֮صһС⣬֮ż֮磬ڸ߿֮һ֮ϣ˸磬ɢ۾һۻҹɫһ˿Ĺâ
Сӣ
ڱĿַ㺰һַһۣ˿мƶǱյġ
ôое䣡ַЩɵ˵
ͼڵַַ΢΢ͷȡ֮漴ʶУʱ֮صĺ嫵ͼԺС
Ƭַ֮ʶ˳֮񣬶ǾĿĵزԶˣ֮ĻŻյг̡
ַָĿĵصȻʯʺͽĵط
򣡡˶˸ţַйŹ֣кö֣֮
ַ֣ܶɫһ㶣Ļ֮ȻһһƢĻһ㻹Ǻ׼ġ
ıϣ˵ٶȻȻ޷֮Ŀֲٶȡ
Ϊʲôһо䡣ַ˵ǿͷŵĺ𣿡
ǣƬйŹ֣ûǿ·ͷźȺáӦһַľ֮ɫŨˣƬȻйŹ֡
Сӣƺײʲôˣ㿴ͷϣ³һֻͷ֮ϣͣһڵӰ¶ڵס£·ǴһȻֻһ˲䣬ӰԶһƬ֮أ·ûгֹһ
ַĿһδ̼䣬һӰڵס·׹£͸ղһģһ
ҲͣһԲ£һӰ£ϣַоԽԽˡ
Ӱַ͸һ˿ʡ
֪ҡҡͷ漴ַԣһιĿһתַ㿴һӰӽԶȥ˲Ϣʧ
ÿٶȣַ㶢ʧӰٶԺ֮ᲢˣɼжôֲңڶԷʱȻûһоϢΪ伶
Ȼ˵һֺܶ࣡


0985 ҹ
Ҫʲôˡ˶ӵƺЩ˷ܡ
һƺԽԽʵַ㿴˷֮ɫһҲԣǻ
磬ղ¹µĺӰʲôÿ¡ʱַһַĿתɵɫһ
ˣַ㾹Ȼϵˡ
ӰնһһŮӿʣŮΪ
ַ֣ӺһöԷɫһ漴ϸַ㼸ۣƺϤ󣬻ַֿ棬ͫײɵ͵һ
֣岻ȷĺһַʶ֮£һס
ҡַ㺬ЦͷʱûĿһȻǡ
֣Ҿ֪˻ľû뵽ⶼϡˬһЦԵú⣬Ǭʶڰ˻ľȷʵѵãңַڴ뿪֮Ҳַ֪ݣû뵽ңһҪõַ㣬Ȼαװǵǰ
ȷɣҪȥַŻһ
򣡡Цַ£ѵҪʲô飿
֣Ϊ֮˵˲ãڴȺĶӣңնһֱۣϧûĿáЦһڴΧأΪԵʣûвμӣعһģμҲûκ塣
ҶѣַһЦ
ңЦԣַڴᣬ˿µɱɱǬ򼸸ͷŵǿߣ漴Ⱥʧأٲֲ󷨣ڴǱ뿪ûַǬַȷһţһǬ꣬Ȼôµķ籩ͽ
ˣ֣ôоǿˣ֪Ҫʲô𣿡ַŻʵ
֪һЩЩ죬ȷкܶǿһЩʦҲҲȤ𣿡Цŵ
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ұְɣҹ֮嵹Ҳûʲô֮ʱѾȥʲôܣַҲûʲô
ҹַĿһǰڵĹȣΪͼڣޣ֮Уڼǿޡ
ഫʣƺĪϵַҲһЩżмأɳܹ˳µĳΪʣĻߣΪ塣
УȻҹȷʵ¡
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ܣ˲٣˵кü˶ҹ֮ʱҹ϶˵ңλö֪
λöַ֪ɫһͣȻ֮ζſܳӰѹֻкܶǿˡ
ҲֻǴմ֣ʯʺͽҺҵһЩʦǰȥأһʢ·ҲˣΪҹǿ߲٣˵һЩʦ־Ƿǳ˵ֻǸԹ֮˶ѡ
Ц˵ҹȴҲֻפԹۣƵȻֺγ͸һΣûвֵķݡ
ַĵ˵ͷҲʶͽӦǰ˻ľһλʣʯʺͬʱյһͽʦǰףҲ֮¡
֣㿴ǱߣʱָָԶһطַĿȥ¹⣬ܹƺһ
Ϊ˵Ϊǳѻѻפ֮ϣΧڽڽ֮ˮǺɫ˿˿֮Ϣ֪ζɣҪǰȥֻдڽ֮ǰҹ˵Ǵڵĵط
ַ˵ַЩȣڽȻл֮Ϣ
ĺϹսɣڽл֮ϢѵҲǹսʹͿַ̿˵
ҲɡЦŵ²⣬Ҳ˵пֲǿ˻֮ʹڽȾ˻֮ϢѲö֪
֣Ȼɻĺ˻ľǴս֮УûܹĵϢɣڽ֮Уĵ̫ǿңǰȥεһ˳ȥΣ
ֵһȻΪַǳսɵĻĺ뵽ַ㲻ܹ֮ϢǱĺУ֮ɻ֮
ַȻܽҲ߻ģ֮һƣױ¶Ҫץȥоһˡ
Ҳд⣡ַЦ˵ֱӦ˻塣
һЦһڽ֮˸ȥƬ֮ڽ֮ϡ
ڽ֮ˮں֮ɫǷǳ峺ͻĺȻͬ绪˵ڽȷ͸˿˿֮Ϣ
֮ϢַûκεӰ죬Ǵɵ
һӣʱڽ֮ϳһС
֣룡һ漴һ봬ϣڽ֮εķȥ
֮ϢԶĺܹӰ쵽ޣͽ֮һ㲻ˣȻֲǳˣ֮ϢǿһЩҲ޷Ӱ쵽֡忴µַЦ˵
ҲһɡַЦһ˵
֮УһӰɳ۶̧ͷӰһۣЦ£βƷһڽ֮ˮĻ֮Ϣ
СĳҡڶȥַС֮ϣƺ㡣
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һ֮ͻأĴĤУַ͵һ˲ѪҺݣ·Ҫ⡣
֣ôˣ忴ַ޴ķӦ£ɻʵ
ַûĻ㣬ѪҺڹķţڷŭ
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0986 
ַʻĿȻ䶢Ż壬ֻԷɫƺһɻͲ֮⡣
ţַĿһ漴ֽ򻪳ãŮӵĿͬͻһɻ
ˣû
ַͷݺݵһҲ˵ֻղҹ
׵ۣղûʲôַΪȷ洫ʵ
˶˸ַ㣺ûУѵСʲôˣ
ҹˡַ㵱ȻʲôֱӸ˫޴Ҳַ㣬
ûʲôֻͻȻһҪ顣ַŻһЦδԼ֮ǲƼˮ֮Щ黹ǲ˵ĺá
Ȼɻ󣬵Ҳδ׷ʣֻǿԶҹյУ˺üӰķ˸ȥ
Сӣղȷû֮Ŀַ࣬壬֮¡
ȷַҡҡͷ
ȷĿһݺݵĵַһۡ
Ҵû֮ôȷղһ˲䣬ҸоĤѪҺ·ҪƺѪַ㲹һ
ɫһԣַû֮ԲŲȷղŵĸо
ǰûйָо
ûСֱַӻӦ
ѪҲ湻ġݺݵıһֻѪСŻ޷ܣѪǿһĳ̶ȣǿ׸ܵѪҺڷڵģܹᵽѪղţһҹַ֮Ѫζҹַ֮Ѫй˹
ʲôѪַʵһҪ
ֻ֪˵ĸ׵ֹһλߣ˾ޣѪʹúŴ˾ꡣַش
ޣĿһ漴â˸ѹѪôˣһߣ̫ˣ޵ȷӵѪܹӦ֮ȻȴĳĻֻӵ֮Ѫܹˣ˶õ
ַͬĻӦòĳѪһֹʹķӦǿҡ
Щ˸ȥӰӦҲһӵлٵ֮ѪԼϵ֮Ѫ湻ģƽﶼܲѪعԼǣֱӶѪ֣꣬жˡַ˵ֻԽԽӰ˸ȥ¹⣬ܹյվŲӰ
ַͷЩܹ֮˺˰ֹһһжĻôɣ˶˶ӵ֮Ѫڡ
ҹ޷Ԥϵ鷢ЩһҲ
໡
ַٶȺݺݵĲ£͵վ˿̵оѪţڷڣûãȻ˵ڶңȸղһӵľҡ
ΪַܺõԼ岢δ쳣վǵַʵ֣ǱǿƣҪҪȥ
ȥΪβȥЩʶҲǺõģЩǿҲ޹ǣԹ߰ɡַ㲻ɫĵȻ˿ȴڼ¶ҹǷԤʾʲô
壡յУһݶ£ַͻ̧ͷ㿴кüӰһĿ񣬾ȣʷǷ
ʦ֣ô͵ˣͷ˵
壬ҹ֮֮˵֮ףҪˣ뿪ǲʺǰеһ˿˵˵նȥĿһҹ֮
ַ㣬ƺҪ˵ʲô
֣ʦҲ˵֮ףȥʶһ𣿡ַ㵭Ц˵ȻҪ뿪Ҳûʲôұǰ
Ȼ£ȱϯˬЦС˳ڽʻȥٶȲ졣
ַЦԣַ˵֮飬֮ϨɸоĳȣƽϢ
ͬʱַǾԽԽˣ֮ϣȴѾǿߣ֮Ϊǿȫˡ
ռ֮УȻľûа
ʱ¹ͻȻðַ̧ͷոȥֻһȺӰ»ڵס漴һԲ£Ȼ³ȥ
¡¡
һѻ֮Ӱ֮УѻչɣȺӣԶ
ô忴µԼǷеѻ¶һĨصɫ
ôˣַŻʵ
Ŀ⿴ַ㣬³һ
䡢䣡
䣿ַüͷ׻Ժ⡣
֣ҹ֮ףζ͡Ȼ䣬Ǵ֮ףĿⶢַ㣬Ŀأҹҹ䣬֮ͬʱ֣ľս֮У
˵ַ૵ѵͨȻ󴧶ȼ׻ɡ
ǵģ࿹֮컯Ȼ˳ϲңЩĴڣǵ建ĵԹҹΪΪףҹͬʱ֣˵ʵҶЩֻˣ
ַ˸漴Ŀ⿴档
˵˵ͷΪ۵棬Ҳϣַһ֮Уһ˿ηһ˿ڴ֮֮ײһ𣬻ᷢʲô
˿̣СѾڽıԵ֮أǰЩǿռݵأ


0987 ڽ
֮һ飬֮⻹νӵм䡣
мشһƬĵ棬һںڵʯƣƺǷǳӲңʯͽ֮˶ƿ
ʱַЩԵڽ֮ϣûǰǿЩ̤ŵȺа֮ңԶƺһƿյȫΪҹ
䣬дŴ֮ףⲢ޵ĴðգǼȻѾˣϹۡ
ȻЩϵӰ伶ǿߣֻ֮ڽϿΧۣ󵽵ʲô챦ֵĻûлܹᡣ
ȻЩǿѽ٣ȴĳĬû˵ƬռնԵøѹ֡
䣬⡣ʱԶһӰ漴üӰ٣һϣĿ⻷ˡ
ҹλ˵ȻΪ֮Եúᣬȴ͸һɲϢ
ַ㿴Ŵüͷ΢壬ЦݣᰵЦС
սδ˭ȣһ˿˵ַɫһսѵ֮ˣ
֣սˣַŻʵ
ϼսͬһ֣δϼ˵֮һȻһһЩͬҲڳɳΪԵʣ֮˵ıܴͬһ֣δ֮˭Ҳ˵׼Ӧ˵
ʲôϵַʵ
ᰵֳû뵽֮زãѾʶ֮ˡ忴ַЦ
ʶ
ַҡҡͷδԣѹսͬһ֣Ȼһʵ䡣
ǺǣսһЦδ⣬ЩһǺ꣬кֻΪ֮׳֣˶йǶѡ
λΪҹ˿Ƿö֣սȺʵ
ҹ죬֮ѳɣڶƿӦòƻ֮ˡ
ַüͷ΢һֱδ֣Ȼ˶Ľ
ϻӵĿַһۣ漴˵ƣʿɽ֮Ϊãǿе֮ƣһЩ챦ʱоʾҹһƵľʾǺжҵ֮ƣ֮׺ܱܿƵпܳΪףףԳΪס
ַ˵ͷԭˣѹҹһʱգЩǿȴڴ˿̲ŻۣʱǴɣҹ죬ѳɡ
ȻѳɣΪλ֡һ֮ȺĤ
ֻһӰ̤Žɫƣ߽Ųһ磬ֱվûվ֮ϣ֮ϡ
ø߰ļһַ㳯ͶȥһĿ⣬ЩһվΧϣûսҲûУҪߣվǸˣ˭еվȥġ
ַ㾪ȵǣ˾ֻǸ侳֮ˣδߣȻȴ͸һΨҶ֮ƣ·ߵģҪΪԣ
ԯֵˡսŴ΢Цŵͷˣԯ졣
ԯĿ⿴սȻĵ˵ͷǻ
һﾹȻҲˣð찡˸Ȼԯʵδߣս£ݣҲ˼ɡ
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֣ô㶯֣ԱߵƺЩȲˣַ㷭˷ۣôǿòûʲô°ɣһڴʲôˡ
ַ㣬Ƕ֣СЩ⣬ҪСǱϵӰַ㴫һַĿָ⳯ķȥһڵĳۣվϣ·һӰûע⵽
ΪȻĵ˵ͷӦǸΣ
ϻ쵰㲻ỹҸЩ˶ְɣַ㷭˷ۣ롣
ʲôл͸۶֣۱㲻ˣʲôöҪǱۡ޴˸š
ַعͷЦЦĶ棬Դ
ϻ쵰˽ˡַһȻ˵Լϻ쵰͵͵ŪʲôֶΡ
ɲɣֱʵ
ַ¶һ˿ЦݣӦɣ
Ȼϻ쵰ܱΪʲôɣʲôûõһ֮
λˣһְɡʱڽ֮ϻ۵ȺѾнǧ֮ȴÿ£ԯĻ³ʱ˶
ԣְɣս˵˶΢΢ͷ̼䣬ϿգһɿµϢŰͻأĹ𣬼Ŀ¡
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һŭ֮⻪ҹȼ漴ǿֲı֮𣬴غݺݵĲţұѣڽΧƵƬأζ
ˣڽ֮һɿµ˳ӿһǿĳʱڽ֮ˮԱûнڴϡ
ַĿ͸ǰ˳Ƕҡĵ棬زͣıѵʼ¡¡Ĳ
䣡һƵ촫漴ȺֻƬ½ڳ·ݣһɿֲϢʼӶ˵ͷһ
һҽ֮ƿռ䣬ԵЩ¡
𣡡һ˲ڿգַҲͬʱڿն漴Ҵ˲䱻һɿµϢֱ
ֲĲҽģַһ̤½صһϣһڽڽһɿµĻ֮Ϣ
ַ֮Ŀһڽ·ǿĻ֮ڽ֮ˮյƬռ䣬ڽΧС
䣡Ⱥгֲ֮ףָĴ֮ڽȻֻĻ֮


0988 һ
վڽ֮ϵ˱ڽУ֮˲ʵƫ֮ˣûаᣬֻһ˲䣬аɥ
յż֮ƺ֤Ĵס
¡¡ƵȺȻķ֣ڽƵ½ش˿̲ϵ°ݽȥڽ֮ˮ˳£ؿѣؿǣڷµı仯
ַվһϣδλȴƶŵؿǶŲƶ½أڰݵͬʱŰ淽ѣڽ֮ˮϵУĵϢԽԽǿҡ
һɿֲȺϿգµĻ֮ϢӣȺ̧ͷǵ඼̲סݺݵĳ鴤¡
˿ǵϿգȻһӰں֮ɫӴӰƬնڱΡ
Ȼ
Ⱥޱȣ塢¡ؿڲϵѿڽ֮ˮӰ֮ػǰݽȥĵؿ鵱УַվȻȴѾڽ֮ˮƽˣ뵽˼ĵص׵С
˿̵ĵؿǱ仯𺳣ȴһЭ֮У·ǰαˡ
ţַƶţֻߵ֮ˣ˿ȴǧ֮أɼѿĵؿǷΧжôĺ嫹
¡һѵ촫ݽȥмضΣʼ·һ޴Ľ
ǡַɫһĿĶǳصȻһӴĹҹ֮ϣƺģĵ̣㾭ĸʴɻܹ𣬵̣Ϊ
³һַ͵һ嫾޴ĹȻһ
ַ·ܹõǰλڽ棬ڽ֮ˮǣȻ֪ʲôʣᵽ˵ؿ棬
֮ȺһԣҹڵصףңУƺſµĻ֮
ҲζڽеĻ֮Ϣ紫Եǹ֮սҲΪǿĴ£Ϊ
عͷַ㿴ǵڽڽ֮ˮ˳Ű֮⣬Ȼû£ƺվһܹڽ֮ˮס
һҵĺյһӰ׹䣬޷ǿĻ֮
Ļ֮ϢȻĺô£һЩʵǿ֮ˣ޷ֵ
֮ζΪʲôϹսĻĺУҲУַһԵ档
ڻ֮йܶ²⣬˵֮ıǻԭʼĻӦһ
ҪҪ
ˣܺԼУ˶ڲҪжʱ˻ıʲŻˡ
ַ˵ͷҪ˵Ҳףôǿڣֵõ֡
䣬ȻǴ֮ôܻû콫˾Բ١˸ƺҹ֮Ҳͬһʱ̳֣ζŴ̺֮ᣬͿ˭ܹץסˣСӺòֻᣬɸҶˡ
ҾַаõģֻоΪ
ʱֻԯĽŲһ磬ȻֱӳԨ֮صԾȥ֮ȴӼ
֮أֻԯ˫ָ߾٣̼гһ޴Ľ֮ɫն츫ֲĸͷ͵һӣʱһޱ߾޴ľ޸ΣȻ֮ء
꣡ı촫Ϊԯ̫ǿֻΪھµĸʴ̫һ֮¾ֱѿ
һɿµĽɫâԯסȺֲѪŭХһԯ춥ſµĻ֮Ϣ󲽿С
ԯѪȻǿȺаһԯȻʹеһη壬죬Ȼһ˶ȿ뵽С
ߣ
һƿ֮ЩһӿֳǿϢ֮ؿ뵽档
ߣȥַŲһ磬һҲ֮ضȥ
֣Σա忴ַ㾹ȻҪȥɵһһﵨδҲ̫ˣ˿̵ֵ֮Ϣѣַ㾹Ȼҽ֮Ũ棬̫ˡ
֣ﲢǸأ뿪Ļһ뿪ɡַͷ˻һۣ漴һڣûĶ΢΢鴤¡
ԯַΨһ֮ˣԯҲ֮ѪԯϺᣬΪҲؾ磬Ȼַ㣬ֻؾѣѾǵܸˣַһЩû循֮̾£Ϊַ
˲䣬һǿҵĻ֮ϢϮַԻ֮ĵֿǿ󣬸Ҫᣬ˸һƻ棬Եü죬ȼյû֮Ϣž졣
һ¡ľַ֮΢΢һܣһӰ߻漴ѿ
ЩֻһµĹ潵䣬æܿ
ַĿһɨ˿˷׷ںһЩսЩ֮ӰĿⶼģû
Сӣңⶫ»աһ
ַŲһ磬ɱȥֲȭͷХ޴ȭͷַ㡣
¡µַƺһ
ϻ쵰ַһ쵰Щһôǿˡ
䣡һµ촫ǰֱӱѵ̧ͷַ㿴ԯİԵӰ
ؾ磬ȥԯַ³һһŭХ֮ʱַֻоһɿµϣѪŲˣһĨѪ
ԯûֱӳ˸ȥ޷סηֺ
ԯ죬ݣַĮĶǵӰûйȺһ˸


0989 ޺
֮Ѫܵ𣡡
ƺܸ˰㣬ַ¶Ц⣬ַݺݵĵһۣϻ쵰Ȼֻ
Ȼܵˣ֮Աԯһ֮ѪΪǹɿµѪԯѪ̫ǿˣһŭ·ѪϵѪҺҲ
ԯ죬ӵл֮ѪǿѪ߶޷󼰡
ң¶Ǻ¡ЦַиļթַҲϰɣҲܱ˦ˡ
ַ˵ͷ˸ЩѾԯԼЩӰ
ܿ죬ǰȺĽŲͣһյУһƬƬ޴ۣ͸ſµϢ
ַۣɫ̣Ҳһۣһνؾ֮ʱõģһƬԶûд˿Ưյе۴
ʱƯǵֻۣһƬֻư
䣡Щߵ˲˸ץȥ̼üͬʱץۡ
໡ޱȿµХ֮ͻأ䴫Ѫ˵ֱצӽַסأ˲˺Զ
໡໡Х֮д˵µХмûַ㺧Ȼķ֣üλˤڵϣһЩ߶ץס۵ˡ
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Х֮ӦĿħХһ̺µĹɱꡣ
ҲûֻǶе۸˦˳ȥվڵֻоѪڣþ޷ƽղſס۵˲䣬Х̫ˣȻ˷˿µĹ档
Ӧһͷǿ𣬻ûгΪʣûѵΪ壬Ѿܹսʤˣվ۷壬Хܹ
ַԺ۷ĲΣ»֮¸еˡ
۾ȻãȺɫӲбǰȻá
ʱֻԯŲȻһ磬ʱ¡¡촫ֻϵѪŭ֮նѪĻ֮
һѪ𣬻һ֮ӰԯƵС
ա𡣡ԯץһƬۣһֲŭХ֮Х֮֯һΧշըѵ졣
һѪ֮֮ӰӰ֮ϣԯ͵۰ζ漴â˸£ʧյУԯ
ԯֲǻᣡս̾һ޷£ԯȴˡ
ߣﲻֵõʱ䡣ԯŲȥɱ֣ҹ𵽵ǴӺζ
ʣµһԯȥַԭزǰһû뿪˺ȻעĺӰ
Ŀɨַһۣݱڵסͳдؾ˾Ȼܹɻ֮ϢеȻ
˵գûٿַ㣬һصƶе۲ס漴һֻϸƣһöֱУַ㾪ȵһĻˣ۾ȻûзŭХֱ֮ʧֻ
³һҪ˸뿪ĺӰŲһͣعͷ档
Щ֪Ҳ˵³һֻ̼䣬һĺϢַס
ˣǿͬ࣡廯ɫΣͨԺ죬һ
ǣ˿ַһۣޣַ㣬ˣ
ַ˵һַĿһһʲô˼
ȻĿ⿴ӰüȻһһţúӰ¶һ˿֮ɫ
֣㾹ȻҾûиܵӰַ㣬ӹˣѹֵַܹ֮Ϣܡ
ǿͬ࣬ȻԶлĻԺźӰ˵
ãкĻһġӰ³һӰ漴һӰʧԭء
Ȼַ㿴ŶԷȥӰԵΪ죬˻ûεһۣһﲻ֪ڴʲô⡣
СӣǵʵôֳɵѣΪβáַ¶һĨЦݣ˿ݣַôо³ĻЩЭ
ַӰҲ˸ȥУһЩʬ壬ˮеޣǶʴ˺ɫַһͷʬǣϧҲֻʣһߺɫʬǣʲôûд
ǰһ貵ݻУֲĻ֮Ϣͣķַ𺳵ǣڵ֮ϣȻһ֮ǡ
ʮ׵֮ǣɳ֮צĿŵ棬ƺҪץصףǾףǸ߰ţƺŭХ֮УȻһ貵ľ޴ǶǣУ̺һĿ¡
Χһɫ֮Ӱƣ·ػǾ㡣
֮ˣȺĿⶼĶǾ壬޺ˣ޺ˣ̺֮ǿµģ
Щ嶼ûжǵĿ⵱ж¶µ̰֮⡣
УȻһö۷޺ˣһ޺ˡ
ȻȻĲȣȴûһ˶֪۶ɵ֮ˣô׵õģ˱̺µܹܿǵеκһ˻
ԯ죬һζû֪˵л̺µǽ޷ܵġ
ȻĿȴӲϵ˸ţû֪˿̵Щʲô


0990 
׵ַۣܲ㶢ˣĿⲻͣ˸ţ壬ˣˣǿµġ
ĻȥԣûַЦЩǿ߶һ˽ҳ֣ɵ̺Ŀ
ô죿ַƵĵѵֻܿš
ȣǲ㼱ʲôӦһַѡ˳ĬֻһԿš
ʱֻǵӰǰϣһƻɫϢӶ˶ȥ
˿ûֹ˶ֻǰĿţ䡣
ɫϢ׵Ľٵԣ˲ס
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ɱŭһԯһǹɱһɼ֮ҪһУŻɫӰɱȥ
𣡡һͷӰԯ죬ǹֱ֮𣬻һɿµĻ֮ԯ졣
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֮һֻȺϿµ·һͷͷεȺסһ츳ͨ
Сӣ㿴˵̺ȫҪ׵õܣЩٻҪһ롢ࡣַ㴫˵Ƕ˵УվԶȥҲ޷룬ˣֱӽӵˡ
ƣԯŭһֲѪŭХҪѡ
ƲԯѪǿ󣬵Ƭռ䣬˶סӵһ
ԯƺҲˣɫĮĳǰ漷ȥ
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áսŲһ磬ԯͻأһɿµĽ˺ѿռ䣬һնʱгּĽ⣬ЩҪԸԯնˡ
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ҵģҹԯٶŭХֻҪǰһɭ˰
ؼѩƮһɵĺ⣬֪Ӻζԡ
ַ³һ̼䣬ѩ·Ӷԯȥֻ̼䣬ԯ㱻ѩ·֣ɳǰɭԽԽԶЩȥ˶ɭƿء
ͣʥ֮ųֲ֮ƿɭ
䣡µţ˵ɭǹɿµ֮
˭ԯŭһѪ죬Ȼʱ̶ֽţɭ󶼱ٵˣް
ѩ·˲ʧֱӳԯɱȥ
ԯ첻Ӳӣ޾ѪȥȻ޷赲֮ƣֱӶļһɿµ֮ŰѪϵ͸
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0991 
ǿҲ׷ƿ˳ȥ˺ÿֲԽˣзԽ̰
ߣַŲһ磬ҲҪȴȵվס
ַŲһعͷɻĿ档
߸ƨķħʯסæͺ˿ڽ֮ˮϵʵУƺҪٴڽ档
ţַɫһ¡¡첻ϵĴеһЩԼǶڵڽ֮ˮһҪ
һôˣȻס
׷𣿡ַʵ׷ƨס׷ȥҲòˣЩϰԡһַſһԣϻ쵰ȻЩһȺ
зַ㲻ԥȡħʯһɹɷ֮ŶŴе©֮غȥʱһɹɿµķ֮Щƶ֮ס
̼䣬ڽ֮ˮֹͣ˼ַĿת棬ʲô
ǰԼΪ֮ôὫ³ǵע⡣ߵǵǰĿȴǶ·ֻצ
ӵֻ֮צʲôҪ֮һֻצסĿⶢֻ浱еĸצĿ˸
˼˵צжַɫһ˵
ֻܲܽצնƿַ˵
ַĿⶢǾ޴צ͸һǿҵĽ֮ޱȡ
ƣŭһַƻǾ޴צնȥ¡һ֮צ۶ѣȻֻצɽĿڵ֮ϡ
ĺǱʴˣǰĻ֮ϢӦúܿ£ڵ˺ܶ࣬Ļնϡ˵ַҪƶֻŵƣȻȴ޷ҡֺǾ޴צĿŵ棬ƺػʲô㡣
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צǿڵϵģʲôûУֻһֻצӡַüͷ΢΢£عͷ档
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䣡ʼ̮ħʯ޷סҪˡ
໡һŭХֱַ֮ſ£Ӵдġ
ꡢǱѿ촫һХ޴ĺǾȻѵϵĵڵء
ˣǶˡַɫһղХƺ̺һĨ֮⣬û뵽ڴƣ˴Ķˡ
ϼһʱ䲻ˣץַ㽹˵һ˿Ҫ̮һ֮˵ע⡣
ˡ˵ͷɫĳƮ¡ľ֮ĵؿٶѿһ֯ɵ··ڳ߿ѡ
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һַ֮Ȼһ岻ϲ
ҹ
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ַֻվĵطצ۵ĵ棬ѿĴصд̳һĿѪɫ⻪󣬲һǲͣķ֮
ַѪҺݣ޷ƽϢ嶼˶ͣĲţָо̫ǿˣѪ·øա
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0992 ׵
ַһԾ·Ŀռ䣬һɿµĹ˵嶼ĲţֲѪƣʹַѪҺڹķڡ
ַǰһƬĿռ䣬·һŲϷڵѪҺʺޱȣſµһѪ⽫Ƭռռȫǿµ֪ꡣ
üһȻһƬʵѪطʹѪйʲôöĿⶢѪأѪ
Сӣ㣬ЩѪҺˡַһַĿһˣ
ѪرؾнݵѪҺ֪Ҫǿ٣ϻ쵰ЩѪˣ
ûʱˣЩѪҺղߣٲ̾˷ѣۿ㡣ŭһȻһ͵ĺַϣַѪصС
һַ̣ѪҺ׵ķ·ܹ죬ѪҺ
̧ͷַܵһɿµϣĿȴɶ棬Щ֪롣
Сӿ㣬ѵԶ裿ǸѪĻᣬ˷ѵ۸꣬һɢַС쵰Ȼ̣̫ɶˣǻһ˿ͷˣȻԥ
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ȻعӻǳǣӵһǿѪǸ߸ϡַ㣬ΪԼվƶˣΪǵѪ߹󣬼̳ǿߵѪԯˣĿһУΪӵл֮Ѫǻʵĺᡣ
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໡һɿµͻȻŶɫһ漴Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ֻʱ۾ַſڲͣѪѪУһö貵ľ壬ͨѪ죬Ѫ̺ȵԼµ֮
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໡Ӱַ㲻ϵĿȳѪĺ
ʱҲ÷ɣĿ˸ͣԴԷɿٶתš
ǣǰԾѪסСˣԼһδɢȥҲػĺ
Ŀ⽩Ӳеһж·ȻˣѹϧԼ³˵ע⣬ѹĸצĿ棬ػ֮ȻȴַһСĸˡ
࣬ȥɣһҪַ˺ѡ
ɱĺͱɡ͵һצѾַţȴûпɱȥعͷĶ档
˿ǿ˶ס˶ˣɱܽ㺢ٳҲȻǿ߶ȥȻĻػ꣬ԾѪػĺҷ𡣡
£ĺĳӣӰУӰ嶼΢΢뵽ֽ֣оһı
˵ʲôǶҪ֮Ӱ˵
ľѪӴԺڽӵѪ佫㺢УȴδѪĺÿ㺢ȷĿռöˡ
ӰӰɫһɫûаʧҲҪƭҲɱǣҶûаΣǱػὫҺ
۱֤лᣬһ㺢
һʲôʸұ֤Ӱŭ
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һ̵桢ϡԵžǿߵţַɫû뵽쵰Ȼ˧ʡ
˿ַҲڲ̫ˣȻĺ˽ȥ
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׵ֻۣΪһսΪһͷϣб۵ı֤÷İɣͷ췢裬ĮƽӰ׵۵ǰҲûκֵԺģ


0993 Ϊ
׵ۣӰɫۣƶ˵ĿµĴڡ
ʱ̫Եϣֹ֮ǳģʹӰȥǴֻۣһĴۣ˭ܹԤϵδֻҪָΪǽĿ´ڣȫʢʱڣԷһֿ
ܱ֤ҺĿ档
׵֮㱣ֻ֤Ҫлᣬһ㺢׵ɫµ˵˲ҪŵĻ
ӰĬˣ˿ԽԽã·ʱɢ㡣
໡쳤Хһûѡֻܶһѣ׵۵ݱ֤ȻܾԣȻ㲻Σɱ׵ۣô׵˵ַȡӲѶˣһᶼûУ׵ۣһ˿ᡣ
ûѡ
㣬һҺӰ׵۵˸߰ͷ­ΪĺػĺҪͷȻûѡ񣬾ֻš
һæɣû㾫Ѫķ棬ⱾͲȵʱɢȥһ֮ľѪ嵱У֮ľѪɾѪǴӴҲ뵽ѪУ㽫Զػĺ
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۱ϾǴۣԺҪϻ쵰õ㣡ַа׵֪˿ַ뷨֪᲻һƽʱַġȻҪõ㣡
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Ӱͷ­΢΢£һζ׵۹ҵĺͰˣ
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Ӱǣ뵽ѪУַ֮ԼľѪɾַѪ
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ٿ֮ϣͷſµâ˵սȻûƽϢѹָղûе
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ղŵХ֮˶˵ûõ˭ţЩһЦ
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Щ˶棬һȷ˵ˣֻ˿Լֲ̫档
ǡ˵֮Ҳڵķ˸ȥȻ˱ûںַˣȻⱦǲһܹᵽ
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һҵĽ͸޾Ŀ־֮ɫõĻ壬˲Ҳյ漴ɢʲôʣ¡
浽ַͣ£쵰ٶȿ㣬õôôȻҪ۱㣬д
ƣôȫַˣڻַ㣡
ַһܿ


0994 ľ
ϻ쵰սͦǿģҲؾ磬˲ɱַһЦһƽó֡
ϻ˭Ȼĵ
ǺãԺսַƵĵһǰһﶼû
Σս£һͨ޳ɾͻ֮ϯλɻ֤֮УҪͨսҲһؾΪʲôʸ͵սγɾλ
ݺݵıַһ漴е۵ĻҪоȥ˷ѡ
ݣַҧ˵ϻ쵰ǸһƱܻļһңոո֮ʱԼŰһ٣ûаƢȡ֮ףַѾ͸ˣȡʲôǿĻ棬һ̬
໡ڽ֮ϣ֮ŭХַ̧ͷֻǾ޴֮ϹʶĿо֮ӰΧȺŭһӰгˣ·Ųƣ˲ϢȺϣЩһȥ
壬ַ㾪̾һֻյжȡ˵ȺУ˱Ӱûҷ˲Ĩɱ
ͨûöӦǸճûͨ˵УȻ¯Ҫַ㴫˵
ϼһѪ֮ӣַʵ
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壬ָĴۣΪʿǳ֮£Ϊ۶пܣϻ쵰֪ڴʲôˡ
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ʱڽ֮ϵȺԽԽ࣬в˲뵽սС
ΪҵĻǼˣԯ졢սԼǺӰǺӰƺΪִţƴ֮ˣ˵ȻҪõǶо޴ô
֪ʲôˡ涢ǵӰ˿̺Ӱ֮ϣȻһյǿ£䣬£Ż
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ĻѪ޹ǿٶȿͣǳѲ˵ַ㰲ţδ˵ҲѪͬżҲϣᣬ粢ϡ֮£ַֻ֪Ĳѡ
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ȺԶɫһ˵֮δҲ̫ţ׵˵׸ʦ⽫Щ֮˵ںεأôãûеõˡ
壬̺֮ͨ͸ʦӦûʦܣ㲻ȱΪʦףص𡣡һ赭дٶȴдЩ˵ǿһŭ⣬ǽֱˡ
Բѣ˵ԯŭһֲÿռ졣
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Ϊһ˴һ򵥵İ³ۣܼ򵥣ȴܸɾ˳ȾްϢţȴƮȻ
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ԯϵСӣȻܰΪ׵İ֮˿ԯЦ¡
죬ʲôˡԯɫеӰȻƺΪСӣôĵԷΪǿҲһûʸƺ
ľľͷľĳǳЦ£˵Լ֡
Ļ£ʱ˵ɫһľ
˶˵֣Ȼֵ˷ǳ͵˶٣ǰֵ˶٣ȻΪʯʺյһͽʹ֪
Ϊܶ˶ڴ̽ʯʺʣЩ״ӣ˭˭
ܶ˶ֻ֪ʯʺյ״ӣһʵֲɾͼߣȴ֪
֮ˣֻؽ֣ʯʺʵĵڶӣΪʵ̫⣬ӵֻ֮⣬˹Ϊ֪
еĵһӣľ
ľȺͷ𺳣ȻľĻǿеʦʯʺʣ
ɫɼʳֻؽ֣˵Ŀֿǵڶˣ˲һ֣ˣȻʯʺʵĵڶӺˡ
ԭλʦּ١ԯɫ΢£漴ˬЦ
СһڻʦأľҡͷЦԯƺѾԼͽˡ
ľĻԯɫٶһһ⣡


0995 ԯ
ԯѴϢҪμʯʺͽҪΪһͽϢ֮صȺ˾֪˲ԯѾԼͽױȵţ˸ղẰһʦ֣ԯ쿴һʦ֣Ǳʾľ˵ľء
Ȼľƺԯӣֱӻؾ˵
ĮһЦԯ찵£ȴľƺδĿתƯյеˣԵĺֵʦܣ޷Ȼˣ°ɣõʦͽΣ⣬ʦȻϲ
ã΢΢ͷƮȻֻŲ΢΢һ磬˲Ϣ֮ǰ
Щ˵ǿɫһû뵽Ϊҵʱ̣ľͺֳˣľͺֿԶͨͽ״ӣλ֮߷ǱѰֲֿҵļҲҪǳ
׿ǵݲԣƾǵĿֲʵҪ֮ˣҲûֹܹˡ
һǿϢĳӶĿȻƽƺ֮˲ݡ
Ƿ֣ѵ𣿡ԯ쿴ź֣˵ͬ뷨ںֵû˵ֻǿԯ죬һﵨӹ
Ŀ⳯ԯ쵭ɨһۣƽĵû˵ᣬԶҶ֣е𣡡
ƽĻԯɫһɫԽΪѿû˸ô˵ֿǶԱ˵Ȼ֣˺Ϊӡ
㣬е
ƽûаںĵĮû˻ỳɺֶԯĮӣԯҶ֣ûԤϵֻʲô
ҪʵԯԶ֣Ҫȱ״ӣԯ죬ֻǻ֮ᣡ
˵ɫǣ˿̵ĿռͻȻøİԯһֱƾµ츳Լǿʵݺأâ貣ҲֻкӵĿǶ˵ɡ
ʹ죡Ⱥ¿գַվ̮ķ֮ϣǴǳǳЦݣ³һźֵӰøдԽԽ˳ۣպְֱһоˬǳ
ʱ̤ʱԯֿǶ˵ģû뵽ˮתôֵ˺ֶˣԯҲƷһζʲôо
ֲվʹʲôԯô㣬Ϊǰʱ˸ôΪԯǰʱһҲվָ߶ȣֿܹͬǡ̬ԯ졣
浭Į˵һƺʱַ㣬еѪûԯôΪԯʱгһҲһӵиԯǿʵ˿һһԲгŭ𣬵ȴҷһƨôĽԴ
˵ѵһţžޣԯӵл֮Ѫͬſµ츳ܹԯ죬ţܹһֱѹԯ죬ȵԯɳĽ
滺˵漴Ŀ⿴ַ㣬СӣʲôʱܹɳҲһվڸ߿Ի⣬緢ñ˵ҲеڣҰ
ַЦ£ȷҡ
Ŀ˸ͷգϵѪҺڷڣ޾
һգῴһĻģһվڱǸߵλã̬ͬȥЩӹҵˣǵ衢ӵ۹⣬ǿĶұǿĶ
ַ૵ƺڶԼ˵Ѫڲͣûֹڲϵɱţû֪ɱ䣬˿̿ʲô¶ûзֻԼԼڵı仯жôǿҡ
һǵڻѪںϣ׵뵽ѪУΪѪһ֣ҲʹѪܹɱ䡣
ַ΢΢£漴¶һ˿ǳǳЦݣ˵ϣһ첻ҵ̫ã
ʱյУֵĽŲһֱӳ˿Խȥ
һƻƿռ䣬·֮ڿռ䵱н֣֯
䣡ſµâֲĻմȥХ֮ռ䡣
ֵֻյлʱ·һ޾Ԩ֣͸˿˿ֻ֮⣬ֲԼ֮ŭХȫԨУɢ漴׵ʧ
ֻȺĿ̣ǿֻؽֻ֣ؽֻܹ֮ţ̫ǿˣʵ˸еĪ˭ս
ˣһɿµ˰УֽŲֱӿǰյÿһλ·ӵԨֻ˵ǿҲ޷
ſƣȻһգֻ֮ţƵУͺһͨľһ󣬴˿̺ƿصˣǸղŻɱǿߵĿֲˣ̫ˣ޷ֲ
ַ͸֮⣬ǵڶοֳ֣ôġ
Ѿ˵ѵһţκβǱȻΪʵĴڣгһգ۶пܣΪʯʺͽ֮󣬺ԼľҲͬţԺЩ˶Ӵһ϶Ҫѧϰ֮
һԿ˵ַ˵ͷľǺ֣ĸоܲʵǿᣬʦ㹻ˣܿ죬лǳΪͬţ
ʱֵֻͷĿ⵭ɨ·ԯһۣûʵ֮ǰҪҫ츳û˻ں
ֵĻֱӣԯ죬ԯ԰ܣȻԯľ¶ĺâв죬ľһֱ𾴵ʦ֣


0996 ׷
ԯɫһν̧ͷϿյĺ֣ɫǳѿ
յڶܵˣһθӵĳףֱӵ˵棬˷
ԯ죬֮ᣬߵĶ콾ȺϹϾܵ衣
ֵĿ⻺תûټǶľʦ֣߰ɡ
ľ¶һ˿͵Цݣ漴˻գ˲Ϣʧֻ¾̾Ⱥ
״ӣԯʱСĽǣȴԯ죬վƶˡޱȰȻгһҳΪʯʵͽҲлˣվƶˣԯ콾
жݣһڴ֮⣬ΪͽʯʺʵĵһͽһΪͽߣʣܵʵָ㣬״УǶԣĪĻ
һ̣ڽ֮ϵȺᶨ˳Ϊͽľġ
ԯĿⶢȥӰɫĮгһգԯһϣΪصͽ
һͽȻĿ꣬һͽ󣬽ľǼ̤ڽ£ԯĿꡣ
Ŀתԯɨˣҹ֮ڽ֮׳һ˽ߣȴ˶ߣʲôûеõһʥɭ󱻻ˣһ̣˾˵Ľ
˭ҵģԯ˵Ȼ֣֮ʹһ̶ɭƿرʹǿ֮ɭƣƿء
һöˣһʥҼ򱻶һΰ㣬ҡ
ʱЩ˵ҲƣͷȻʲôûеõԯû˻ش
ǵӰӰһŵϵķȥһվǵַ棬漴֮أòˣʹƬ߰ɡ
ѵңַܵӰǵĿаӰʱע⵽֪һ˶˵ʱ򣬺ӰûзͻȻŵ֮Ϣʹ
ˡˡеǿһ˸뿪ֻƿȥ
ԯĿ⻺תɨߣͬĿһվڷϵַһۣĿ⵱͸ӺͲмûںַ㡣
СӣûУ
洫˵һȻôʱ䡣
ˡַ˵һ뵽ѪУѪڼ˳Ѫڣյ֮ѪȻ޵ĺܣ޷ѪôףٶҲô졣
ǵˣ֮ӵƣǽƬռ׾ͻᱻ֣ʱֵñ˶ϡ˵ַаͷȻҲ֪㡣
һҲʲôַܱһ
ţعͷַ
ַɫһĶ档
ҾΪ˭ܱô˵ð𣡡浭Ц£ַһԣ쵰һ仰ģ
ˣַݺݵһۣ漴³Ųһ磬ߣ
˵գ˵ڿգȻ뿪ٵĵطƮȥ뾪κˡ
ͽ֮ˣȷûںЩǿķ浱ѰңܲҵһЩ
ڽ֮ϣһӰȴһֱעַ㣬ַ˸뿪һ̣˺Եļһ׷ַȥ
ڽϿգǿЩƺɾȥ䡢ҹ챦ѵǱֶߵˣ
䣡ڴ£Ƭ浱дһ¡ը죬ֻԯվڷ浱У裬ɫվĵطǸղ̮ĹֻǴ˿̱ǰȻһƬص׿ռ䣬ص׿ռ䣬ڸղצסĵط
Ƭռ֮⣬ݺύ֯ƣ֮£Ĵơ
Ⱥܵԯıŭ⣬ĿҲߣԯΧķѾƺƬص׿ռһȺУǵɫ΢΢һѵص׿ռ䵱ʲô
Щǰ˽һŵˣǿԯһĻʱɫһüѿǶףƴȡ˵ʱᱦ
ҲһХ֮¾ﴫģɺ޵ʱ˵ǾȻûᣬֻһ֣ڰ
ﱻ͵͵ʲôû֪ϢĨˡ

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ȺԺлȻ両ӰֻںУϣûĴڡ
ԯĿⶢַ뿪Ӱ漴ڿն𣬻һ貵Ĺ⻪׷ȥ֪ܲ׷
ˣĺӰſ޴ںҹ˸Ҳû뵽ĴӮҾȻˣȻ˶Էй֮
˿̵ַ׷Ļᣬһ·˸ŻɽҰȥٶȷǳĿ죬شЩ˼㷢˷浱쳣ҵˡ
ַ㵱ȻҲ׷뿪ʱ㷢ˣ׷˭ʱȴճһĨЦ⣬ûм˦Է
ŲһҰɽ֮ϣַͣ漴תǼնӰϴһĨЦ⡣
ԷַǰʱҲͣΪ֮һݵ꣬ΪַĴһĨɱ⡣
ν̤Ьٴ㾹Ȼ͵˻ľˡַĮ³һ
ַЦ£漴˵عӣ


0997 ɱ
㾹ȻЦóعӿַϵЦ⣬ҲЦˣЦø˻ľһΣҪַ㻹ʲôֶΡ
ءַ㿴ԷΪʱУعӾȻͻصľ磬أߵˣҲһȫصǿߡ
û󷨵̣ûкֵıҿһôعӽŲǰ䣬һչأʦҲڣôǿߣȻַɱˣȺеҲңϵһֱۡ
Ϊأøǿ󣬶һڰ˻ľУҪַĺܲҡ
ƺˣֺûеʱͽʹշѹңһҺѪϣ㵽ͽԼﲻ˵Ҫ֮ɱңôعЩѵͶˡ
ַǳЦ˵عɫӲĿƳһԵˣַ㵱ͬǰ¶˰̣ɫøѿ
ɣգұĺѿعӽŲɱţɱַ㣬档
𡢺𡭡ŭţعûκεԥֱͷԼķ籩꣬ʱһɿµѹȽɱӷ籩Ŷ֮ոӵǿʢ˼֣̤֮󣬷籩Ҳӵǿ
ɱعŭһƻӶʱµշѹ֮·Ҫռ䶼շѹѣһɿֲķ籩ַͷϿΡ
һƽɱַХɱȥޱȡ
ˣΪӵȱѪ꣬ԴΪֻ̣֪пշѹսܹдĳɾͣõ꣬ͷ죡ַ͸һĨĮ֮⣬建ĳ𣬾Ӳŷ籩ѹ建գعӡ
ݲμڴᣬͽ֮ݼǬ򣬸߸Ϊǣȴ֪Լֻ۸ڶûͽĺĹ⻷ʲôΪҵɱ𣿡
ַĿ⸩عӣɫһĨɱŶ
ڱףͽ⻷ȴжôı£ַϣһǿѪȫһֻ̣о͸޾յУѪŭХ֮纣˱ڣŭعӵɫ΢ЩӲ
һƷ籩ַշѹȥȻعӺȻķַ֣ϣ·һεĿŭһշѹķ籩Ȼ޷ѹȹȥյС
һĻعӵɫѿƺѪַôôµѪ֮
Ҳɱ㡣عɫͬģһɹѪͷţ̼䣬籩ռ䵱УƬշɳ紵˵һһַͷϿգµķ籩ŭתţ·Ҫеһжշѹɱ
ɱعŭһֲķ籩ѹȥ·ضҪݣ޾ķ籩ѹռ䶼Ҫ顣
ҹй⻪˸һĨĨĺڰ֮ںҹţ͸ſµķ֮ͬʱعһɴȻ֮⣬ַƵۣ˿Ʒ·ǣȻƬռȻ֮Ϊƿء
Ѫڷţַ㾲ĸڵĿѪ֮뵽ƵУַоһƷ·ܽ춼ͱѪǿš
عӵɫԽԽѿµ籩ͷŵǿȻоַͷϿһɿµ֮籩շѹȥ
ôַΪλͻȻ˿ǿ󣬱֮պսʱ֪ǿ˶٣
ɱ֮ˡַ㿴عӱõɫĮĵݺֶܶζûʹãɱ練ƣȳ䣬Զˣ
ַ㻰£ڶˣ͵ĳյк
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䣡
Ƶ֮εѹ֣عƺһɫ˲òҰףַ꣬һƺϿշ˳ȥһɿµķ֮籩ס
ַվգعӣɫĮȻ䣬·һۡĮ顣
ͽЦַ³һ漴Ųعһ磬һعӵͷ΢΢鴤£ȻܵһޱߵĺϮģ䡣
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£¾ʹ˽ҹɡһ˶ַ³ȴַĮɨһۣ̤عӣĵɱҲɣҪҰ֣Ц
ȻˣǱɣɫһʱͬʱַɱӰɱַ㡣
𡭡
ַȻſ죬һŭХµħ֮죬·һħӰɱħŭХģ˿˿Х֮
¡һЩ˵嶼΢΢Ӳ£漴Ϳַһ˫µٶȻĺɱ
ǣؼ䷢һ죬ǿңǼ˵Ȼһ漴ҡ¿׹ȥһƣȫɱ
˵ȫ׹£¶˶ǺعӵӰǼ˵ǵ඼ݺݵĳ鴤£ɫԵЩˣ·𲻸š
ħХħħӰ
㡢һ㣡عӶַȡ֮׵ʱֹһħӰַ㣡
ң˵Ϊݣɱͽ練ƣַƵһħ֮ݣعӺȻתӶݡ
ַյ趯һµħ֮֯ɱͼعӵıӰַ³һ
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£ħ֮ţɱһУعһ漴Ҳ޷ƶ׹£


0998 
ַĬȻĿعӵ׹䣬ޱ飬漴תһ̤ɽС
ϼһҪҸطաַ˵
֪úȹѪַһ𣬿ɽ
ɽû̵һУַ̤Уֱ״̬
ʶڣ˿ľǰؿ࣬͸Ž֮ɫ̵ѪҺھתݣѪǿʢֳַ֮С
ڹѪУһö˱棬˴ǿ֮ϢԼĻ
ǰѪںϵ嵱УδɶĴѪ֫ٺС
һ̼Ѫ֮ǰѪҺͨģƽûаϢѪҺǿǿģѪɫ͸˿˿Ľ֮ƺŸ߹ǿ
ַһ䣬ֲܸܵѪڷķУпµŭХ֮ȥڶл죬Х·˹ŭ
ַ֮壬ԡһ֮ɫĹУĶдӵĿˣһֵŭХ֮·ֹһֽһ֣͸ɽУڿչлص
ʱڻɽϿգһŴ׳ȹӰлŮϴɴƺסԼݣȴ޷ڵסӵˣֻǿһģ˸оջ֮
һֿµŭХ֮һɿµĳѪŮӵĽŲͣյУ¶һ˿ɫ
ʲô·ɽХһ㣬̫ǿˡ
໡ͻأ䣬յһ֮ŭХ֮֯һ΢΢һɽ֮оȻ֮ѵڴɣ
ǰ˵ڽ֮ףһ֣ǿˣ˱ֻؽֶȥ˿̣ɽУôҲ֮ŭХ֮ȻХǿϾ֮
Ųһ磬ŮӳХķȥȻ˿ŭХ֮֮ϢƽϢ¶һɻɫ
˸䣬ܿŮһǰƺղŭХ֮Ǵⶴдģ˿ڶ֮⣬Ӱһһ
˵ǺͨϢƽȳƣΪʣȻΪȴֻͨؾѣ֮
ԵЩ⣬һͷ棬̲ס࿴˼ۡ
ղûŭХ֮ŮӶַ㵭һᣬȴһȻĸ߹֮¶
ˣҲΪ˶ȴʲôûзַ֡㵭Ц£Ӧ˵Ҳû뵽Ϊͻ֮ʱѪХ֮˲佫ֹͣϿ߳Уеʱڽ粨δȥǱ֪Х֮ǴڴģҪ鷳ˡ
Ůüͷ¶˿˿ɻɫģʱʶ붴УȷʵַԵһʲôûС
ǰַ㣬ûȥɻϾղХ֮
΢΢ҡҡͷŮתȥ
ʱ䲻ˣҲ߰ɡַһԳһ̨֮кңԶһξ룬ǲ֮Ļܸܲϵϡ
Ůǲʲô㣬ַ㾹֮ɵɫһ㶣漴ŲһֻصߣĿַԪǶһǧ֮֮ˣ
ţַɫ΢û뵽Ϣ֮죬һ˾Ȼ֪¡
֮ڻĵлٵֶν֮޸õģҲѯǵͬ⣬Ҷ֮һ˵ַЩõĵ
˵ˡŮӶַǳЦ£˫ƯӺ
û뵽ؾΪȻܺͳһսŮӿַ㣬ƺ˼ȤЦܷ˳һ̣ûд
Ȼƺ˵ˣַͳս֮ʱΪأֻǽ֮Ϊ֮
һ̣ô֪Ƿ˳ַһ
ûв´ĻǵĿһģ̨ŮЦ
ַ˵ͷȻʯʺ̨ͽǰȥ
㵹û⣬ֻϣ㲻һҽĵҷ裬ΪҶͼ
ȻȣŮҡͷЦ£İɣģ
Ǻãȥɣַһ֮ɴСȻ˳һ˶ûʲôӰ죬һһλŮղǾ仰ƺԵò⣬ٿΪӦҲǲ
һַ֮һ֮ڻɽл̨ķɳ۶ȥٶ졣
֪ʲô֣֮ϣŮӶַЦʵ
ҲҪҿ®ɽɡַǳЦһĿԶ
ǸˡŮӵЦһ漴һĨ¶ˮϸ壬ƴƣŮӡ
ַ㿴ɲȷʵɫһŶԷϵЦݣһ˲ӿ뷨𺳡ɻ󡢲⡢Ρ
ַ֣ƸŶԷᡣ
ȻĶȴŮӵ彩Ӳ漴Էͷųһɿµĺ⡣
࣡һĺŮַ֣ȥȻ˸˵Ϸղһ˲䶼סˣַ㸧Լļ
ɺַһƺ࣬Ȼĺˣһֲָ糯ɱȽҪ


0999 ̨
ַȻ̧һɷħ֮Ŷǰһۣʱָɱ
ȻŮַ㣬ĺַƸоһɿµɱ֮Ϣ
ȵȣַһڣŮӵֹסĶַѹܵ裬ԭ˰ࡣ
ҽ𣿡ַ㿪˵˿Ҳ֪ԼŪˣȻɸоţ̫ˣһˣһȫһûаĲͬ۾˵ֻʽȻַ֪ͬ
ͣŮЦ㻹ܽͣ
ǵģݺһģһַ㿪˵ԭŮӣȻҶȫһʲͬ޷٣ԭַղһɴҶǰ
ܲҸʵĽڡŮƺַĻɱ
ҵĻ顣ַָ˵
ʱҲŮӣ˶˸ɻ󲻽⣺ȷһģһһˣ
ΪһšŮ˵͸һ˿мǲַ㡣
ҿ֤㿴ַȵŮƺҲ侲ЩַģĮ֤
㽫ԼϢַ֤㿪˵ŮЦϢ䡣
漴ͼַ˻֣ѩУӰ֮ϡ
ַһۣ漴Ŀ⿴Ҷɵɫһͣмɻ󣬺ȻҲϴˣɻҶô
СôҲ˰˻ľһַĿ⿴ҶʱίˣұӦ㲻ѩУֻʱɼ
˵գַĿٿŮӣӦ˰ɡ
ŮĿ˸ɫЩӲû뵽ַ˵ľģ֪ղŷ飬Ҳϴˡ
ᱡҡŮĮĶַ
Ҳ޸ɣḺġƺΨ²ңֹһַɫһݺݵĵһۣұ졣
쵰ӲҰŮӵΪǷǳҪսǶ֡
СӣŮĲңӳһģһһã뵱ң䣬һŮˡַ㴫˵ַֺݺݵĵһۡ
ҲǹΪʲôҪҿԲַŮ˵
ŮӿַɫĬƬ̣漴͵ЦȻһЦȻġ
ˣղŵѾǣ㻹ûиʲô֡Ůƺ⽫תƣʵ
ַ㣬أַȻֵϣ
ġŮڣǺǳǳЦݣ͸ղűƺһ˰㡣
ַĵԣĿⶢЦ޷ˣȫһ֮һֶ޷ݡ
ֻǶҶǵģȴǴżĵһʡ
Һ񣿡ļַ㶢Цһ
ֹ񣬳ʲͬò˵ȫһ
᲻в֮ģǳЦſַ㣬ַһȻе㣬᲻ȥӵһ»ḧһ¶Էֳֻ嶯סˣ֪ǶҶĸоġ
Σգ᲻ңȻǳЦǵַʵӵҶ崿ȴȻЦһһ͸˿˿֮Ͷ˵ջԣȻҪʤҶ
Ҳɣַ̾ϢһĿԶ֪ԶѩµҶԼĸôˡ
ַҲ뽫ҶߣȻ̫ˣûǿıҪһ˴һأͱȻҪĥѣܸΣ飬ʺϴҶ
֮ͣյзɳ̨ۣ֮ǿơ
˻ľ֮أһЩ츳ǿ֮ˣȫڴˣΪģȫͬһ£ʯʺʣյһͽ
ҪΪͽ˻۶ͬʱҪ֤һ˴ʢ䣬ȻҲ֮ǰأı⡣
̨һǣֻǱ֮ǳ쾳ǵеһططǵλݵ˵ʯʺʵľס֮ء
ԣ̨һǧɣһǧݣ룬Ψ̤һǧݣζ̨̤ݣ̨ɾͽ
쾳У˰˻ǿߣⱱ֮ĳУӵ
ʱ쾳ǵյУһ֮ϵ쾳зɳ۶Уһ·ֱ̨֮أ֮ͣĽڵ֮ϡ
ǻʵĿ⿴ǰ̨ܵ𺳣Ҳһ̨ʯʺʵһͽϢ֮λվе̨ŵһ䣬쾳ǵ롣
ַ㽫֮һĿ͵ĶǰһУͷѪ𺳲ѡ
̨һǧɡһǧݣݣ̨
Ŀⶢǰһݣ·չŵ͸һ֮Ϣ
չŵףͬʱͬʱϣݹ⻬ƽϵͨ޾յУû֪յʲôֻܿһǧɵݣǾͷʵ飬Ʈޱȡ
׵ۣߵӵͨȻܹһǧɵݡַԵһ
ȴͷݣĬվǣþòԣҲûӦַ㡣
շΪƵ׵ۣȴվ߲µݣį֮У޷ᡣ
úģһʱȻ㣬ҪøԶĬãŻӦַһַԣ


1000 Ե
ʱ֮ϣһЩ̽ϿȥɢҵȺǵĶƺǳļѡ
ӵǿΨеߣ̨ܿҪҪһԡĶַǳЦ£ԾԾԡ
áַ΢΢ͷ漴Ųһ磬˲Ϣϵһݣ̼䣬һεϣоϱʲô㡣
ĺַ㲢磬ͬʱҲһݣַЦܹǵϢӶƵǿֶشƵãֲ̫ˣѾ֮ܳΪãƿء
ƿأƿشƣһֺǿΰ
ԣ͵һЦ漴Ųٶһ磬˵ڶݣ漴Ӱ˸ϵĳǰݷԾٶȾǼѸ͡
ַͬϣһݿԽȻϵǹԽԽǿѹϣʹϷ·𱳸ǿ㡣
ַ㣬ٶ̫ˣ̨һǧɣһһɸߣһǧݣݽǳΪͽһ飬Ǻٶȣһǧݣ֪Ҫ¡
ĻһЦԵøĿİ㣬˿ûַռ֮ʱǹĮ
áַ㿴ǻһЦҲ¶һ˿õЦ⣬·𿴵ҶɾЦݣջʹ¹֮µĸ߹Ӱͷ
ˣһɷַϣ漴㿴ַ峯ϿշԾһĿ֮ϣٶȼĿ죬һһݣֻת˲䣬ַ̤ݡ
ȻһǧݶԣԵ΢ǹѹȵƣҲıԽԽǿˣһǿԽٽݣζٴεĵӣַһǧݣһôֲ֣ѹжǿ
ǳΪͽпΪһǧݣǶǰҪΪͽ˶Եģ̫ˡ
ַ㣬㣡żȻĹϣЦƺĲã·Ǹ¶Ů㡣
ַٶԽԽ죬֮־Ŷķ֮־Ѿ־ΪˣٶҲû죬ʹңϷ֮־ؾҪͨ侳صˡ
׼˲䣬һǧݱһһ̤ڽ¡
һǧˣۡĨ޽ǵķ˿ŸַЦ£֮־Ȼء
Ҫ𣿡ĶַЦ
ұ㡣ַǳЦŻӦɫһüͷ΢΢£漴ϵЦʧĮ˼ַ֣ռʱһ
ȥԣ֪ʱʻ϶ٲݡĵ˵ûٿַ㣬漴ٶϿԽȥƬ̶ûͣ£ҲûٻͷַЦ
ַüͷ΢΢ţô£ı仯δҲ̫Щɣ
ȻղĶ¶ÿһЦݣαװģַ·ܹĵϲãֲõЦҲαװóġ
ǧ֮ϣĵĽŲһͣ˿ѹϵѾоƣˣѹ֮ƣԽԽǿ
һӰϢԱߣԴ΢΢ƫ£漴һοַӰַֻĿ⿴ϿգϴǳǳЦ⣬ĬϣǧݣȴδϢƺҪɰ㡣
ˣһɷιַ漴㿴ĵϷݷԾûƬ̵ͣϢٶȼĿ졣
˭ַ㿴ĵıӰ૵͸ǿҵɻ֮ɫ˿󣬵ҲһģһҲܣңΪλо׽ʶŶ̶̼գղŵЦȴôɣⶼԵúܷ
ûȥ룬ַҲһ磬Ϸȥ֮־ȫͷţܿ죬ĵĲļʮݡ
ģʱϿգһĺַĽŲ΢΢ͣ
𣿡̧ͷϷݵӰĮһ漴мӰߣġ
û뵽ĳС㣬ΪˡϷ΢΢һЦĵͷĿֻתַϡ
ɣ㾹ȻҲڰ
Сַ˵ĮĿϿյӰȻᰡ
һɺַϣַתߵļӰǡ䡢ǣڡ
ǵĿ⣬ȻǳģֻĿⶢַ㣬޲ýַɱ
һգ˵棬ַŰǰң涪
Լһ쾳ǣ̨֮ŵǽݣʱҴСıߣȴû뵽ɵǣĵĺ棬ַֿӰ
˵ļǣȷСɺЦЦַУȴоܲ
ûٿַ㣬᰽Ŀĵû뵽СҲԵݣһΣҲи˵֮ˡ
ûȤĵ³һĮ
Ҳδ⣬Ǳ֮سıɽŮ˭ǲЦˣҲ
Ȼұ㲻СˣС㣬ҲЩҪ΢΢ܿߡ
Ļعͷַ㺰һַ㣬Ǽȥɡ
ţᰵɫ΢΢һôĺַʶ
ңƺһģģȻһ˽У
Լ˵ĿҲӲòݸ߹ǧ𣬵ƫƫȴ˪Ц˼ЦǳȻģϧֻǴţļϲǲЯУ˿ַ̣һ


1001 ϲ
ᰵĽŲ΢΢ƫ£סַ·С㣬˲ߡ
ΪΣ˵
ҺʹһЩδ뿪С¡Եúܿ
һҪһأ˼֣ᰵЦݽģôỤַ㣿
ĳ֪˺С㲢ûʲôϵɣ΢Щ䡣
ϲô䵭³һᰵɫ׵ᰣҲһסˡ
ı˪ŮȻǵ棬˵ϲַ㣿ǸоЩţ̫ˣܣģôܻϲһˣһͨĵͽ֮ˡ
ĵݣ׷˶Ǽ㣬ҹӣȻĴЩ˲ôðԣûκ˺ɫ
ȻƺЩĺһӽУԵݣң׿˵ϲӣԼ޷ܵǣĿ˵ϲӣȻַ㡣
ַԼҲסˣһϲ˵ǰɡôȻַǣ˵ϲŮӣҶһģһ
ģΪ˰Ҳ˿Цɣôܻῴˡ˵һ
ַ㣬Ļعͷַ㺰һ
ַº󣬱̧Ųߵĵԡ
ͻȻ䣬ֱַ֣ס¶һĨĲЦݣĲһĻᰵ˶סˡ
ʲôˣǣҪΪ˭Ҫ߹ȥѪǲ⻷ͨʲô𡣡Ŀһۣɫһ
ÿǲãսɡĵ³һַݿȥϣһɱ֮Ŷ䡣
ɫѿַɨһۣ漴ЦұСӣˡһΣ
˵գᰵ建ÿ
ˡַĮɨһۣЩɰ̬߰Ϊǡ
ַ㣬ûˣǻȥ˵һ漴ַ㳯ݵ·˸ȥ
ַЯȥᰵĿԽԽ䣬в⣬ôôϲַ㣡
֮˸֮ʱѹϵļСٶҲǼĿ죬˵ܿݵ·Ѿſֱַۣһ˳ǰٵ˸뿪ûַ㡣
ַŲͣĵıӰ˿̵Ҳһͷˮ
СӣŮˣ㶼Ҫ治֪ʱַߣһ
ƨ¡ַһۣ漴˸׷˹ȥܿĵĽŲ
ҪҡĻعͷַһۣ˵һַŲһͣƬּ̣׷ȥҲûٴξܾţֱһ¥У˼СƷ
ɴٶϣһֱĬûкַ˵һ仰
ַҲĬĶ棬ûд
ƺ˺ܾãĲ̧ͷһַ㣬ͻȻʵ˵Һӣһģһ
ǵġַ˵ͷ
˵ǻ᲻ܾǰʶһ
ַĿ˸£漴ʵһֱڰ˻ľ𣿡
ǣ˻ľҴû߳˻ľȥطǣΪʲôһϤĸо
ĵĻַĿ⽩ӲϤĸоģȻϤĸоңҶһģһ
ǰδ˻ľַ˵һĵ¶һ˿ǳЦҡҡͷ
˹֮£ѵҺãӵӦɡĿЦ£˿ƺЩңһۼַ㣬һϤĸоŻַһ̡
ַ֮㾹ȻᱡǻǰѽַɱˣǣʱȻŭȴֻһ˲䣬ԼȻû෴ĪϤ֮УԽԽǿңȻַ֮УоЩ£ףΪʲôϡ
һɣΪ˺ŹģߣҶ㡣˵վ漴ַһ뿪˾¥쾳̨ĸһԺʱסʯʺͽһʱգȻҪҸϢ֮ء
ҹĶԺ䵱еʯ֮ϣͷ¹⣬ƺ˼ʲô㡣
ΪʲôΪʲôַľᲨ
ʱ΢ĽŲ漴һӰߣûлͷҲ֪˭
ʮʯʺʱҪͽˣЩ㻹ǰһʱհɣ˴β˴ʯʺͽкܶҹӣǰ㴦ƣҪΪͽһ֮£
ĵ˵ȴ̧ͷ죬ûпַ㡣
ַ㽫һĵļϣ΢΢һ漴ַЦô㲻ҵӣв֮ɣ
ַҡҡͷ㲻̫ˣȫͬˡ
ҵһЩӵ󣿡ʹģĶַһ
ȫͬˣиԵַӦ˵
𣿡ĵ¶һĨõЦ⣬ҹɫԵøĶˡ
ҪȢΪأ᲻ȢͻȻһַٶһ漴ЦȻֻҪԸ⣬ұȢֻݣῴ֮𣡡
ǿɲһҲ˵ƫƫϲأЦͣĶ
ұ׬ˡַʼ硣
ҡЦôˮӶַ˵ַ΢΢һ


1002 
Ƭ̣漴ַſ֣ĳıȥ
㻹ңͻȻŭһ˲ַһƺ˹ȥûһ֡
ַ˫Ȼջأ΢΢Ʈˣ̧𣬷ħ֮ŶȻ佫ĵƿס
ұɡַƵĵ
㱧𣬺ɫ֮ͽջأ˫յгһƬӰ
ַ㳹ΣŮ˹ȻֲƣϵĳŶԷӰȥ
顢顢飡յһǿԵŶԺ֮еĵ涼ѵռϢҵķ衣
ãԺ䵱еĺ¡ƽϢֻһӰįĳһ䷿ݵȥӰѿͷңϾȻмӡԵüǱӰȻַ㡣
ǿսȻ򲻹ģԷΪߺü磬صǿߣǹٶȻǹǿȶǳ뿪ӦӲϾñŰһ
˰һ̵ַ漴Ϳβ͵ӵĿȻһŮ۸̫ˡ
ȥַ͵һȭ˹ȥϻ쵰Ƿᡣ
أ汻ַͻһƺ˳ȥڵϲϵĴ
쵰Ҷۣһŭ漴ռ¶Ȼַ࣬ٻٶ
ַֻаŮ۸ֱ۸ư
ڶգ쾳ǣ̨۵ǿ֮УһϢݿǧ𣬱˪ŮģȻϲһϷΪֻضûκαķ˻Ϊܣһ·
Ϣƺǹⱻ˾Ⱦڿ⴫ݳȥģĺҫۣҵǧС㣬Ϊ츳ǼĿֲ׷޷һЦıĮɫ
Ȼ˵֣ϲӲǸոմӻĺһͷûκĵͽΪһҵһ֮һһǧֱ֮޳ܡһǴ
֮Ϣø߸ߵģıԵȷվúܸߣȴϲӱһĲֵʲôǣǸϡ
Ϣ֮󣬶ʱƬ˼ķ죬˾֪ڼʢ֮ǰɹת˵ߣ˽ŵգ֮ܶҪҵϲӣݺݵһĲʲô˶ʸġ
ЩĵİĽߣ޲ýַݺݱŰһ٣ǵ˵棬Ҳ
ȻĲˣڵļ壬ҡ
ǰʱմϢԯϻԯӽڴ˴εʢ֮ףȥѪԣκһ㶼ҪǸӵ㣬ͬǿѪԼ꣬˪߹ޱȡ
֮Ϊδˣѷԯ죬ҲҪӵܣҪ˳ЦȻǲô࣬ҽܲˡ
ԣ̨֮ˣڵһʱĵټ
ܿ죬ṩϢǱ̨һԺ䵱ҵģԺ䡣
򵥵Ժ䵱УյȴǿߣΪ֮ҵȺǸ࿴ֵˡ
ǵʱ㷢ˣ߳Ժ䣬յеһӰĿ⵭Įĵʲô
Ȼ㣬ԼŮӿеˡյΪ֮һ۵ӣǰ̨ҪΪͽˣǸ츳ڵһһҪٺܶࡣ
ҵòܡĮĻӦһ͸ź⡣
ģǲΪֵģȻҪտ㣬ϼ崣Ĳ֪֮꣬ȢǼޣŵԣ˫㣬츳ڣҶǼǿܿ;
ǣ㣬˵ϲҲЩÿǷʸ㡣һλŮӵЦȴôġ
ȺȻӵܣȻ湴ĶǣȻĶһˣԷȴȻһƬĲʵ⣬Щʺͷ̡
òǹģϲ˭ԼףǺθɣܺԼˣǿЦģȰǻ뿪ĺáɱ䣬͸Ųơ
㣬ǶˣҲóһɣôһֱżӰеŮٶȷһ̱ڼ嵱һֱѹţòץԴһģȻŹ
죡Ŀһɨ˵Ůӣü˵һ飬Ϊ˿Цɣ
룡ڴʱһѽ촫ֻԺ䵱еһȷŴ򿪣߳һӰȻ紫еȻֻǸͨͨĵͽ֮ˣΪ侳ضѡ
ַѾһĿһɨеȺипջˮݻĺŮӡ
Ȼַһ۱㿴յеȺ棬ᰡԼǶڣȻѲ˸ϵ⽫￪ܻĵ
Ľ㣬㲻Ҫңϲӣͽķ֮ˡüǳǳЦ̵Ũ
죡һɿֲĺȻţü˳üɫһȴЦĶġ
ûȷϲˣǷԶҹˣ
ĵĮ˵Ȼ̹ȻϣȺɫ΢ЩӲľȻϲͽ֮ˣ


1003 ǿ
ĽԲ⣬û壬Ϊܻһ𣡡
ü΢΢Ц˵
ҪüѹңҵԼĮӦ
Ȼô˵üҲ޻˵ǳЦ£üĿתַϣЦŵֻĽΪʸϲ𣡡
ַ㣿üַЦ£Цȴַоһָ̬߰Ϊ󡢿Ը̬
ǡַ㵭ĮĻӦһޱ顣
֪ҽʲô𣿡üǳЦʵ
֪ǲѾ˵ϼ֮𣡡ַ
Ȼ֪Ҹ㣬ĽǼһţݸ߹Բ˵֮ظҵῡܵҲ׷ߣ㲻֪٣㣬ĽϲܵԼʸ𣿡üĿ˵еȺĿⶼַ㣬üĻҲģĿ˵˹飬ַͽ֮ˣܵ
йϵҵ£ֵõָֻʲôˣַĮ³һüɫһ漴¶һ˿ЦֻǷȰһ䣬Ҫ֪֮һϷҲϷˣ
ҲȰһ䣬Ů˵컹ǲҪôĺãСûҪַĮӦһ֮⼫Ũÿռ¶ȷ·˼֣üҲ΢΢£漴Ķַ㡣
üͷųһĨɱ⣬û˸ôȻδʼնһֱַ㣬ҲƢοѪޣңַѪЩʢ
ַ㣬Ķַ㺰
ַŲ̧ߵĵԡ
һҡĶַǳǳһЦһĨĲ֮ЦȺһʧ񣬺ʱҵı˪˾һ¶˵Цݣޱ߽ܲ˵ģƫƫпϣһϷ˵ķ֮ˡ
ַɫ΢΢һһգŮ˹Ȼưҹ֮¡
㲻ұ𣿡Ķַ㴫һЦɶַ㣬Ȼġ
ңַЩƣ֣ĵϸ֫§סоĵ΢΢£ƺЩӲȻɲûпôɣǺܽš
еȺĿȫ֮ɫѿһЩΪһŭַ㣬޲ýַɱһʲôʸ񣬾Ȼܹ˵§ĵ֫
ĵһ˿ѵõ֮ЦȺޱߣ޲ýַɱȡ֮
ֻʱĵĿתͿַ֣漴建ڿգĺͷŶĮɨˣϲ˭òǹܣ˭ҶҲڣҹ
£ĵͷųһǿĺ⣬󷽣һȽȽġ
ģΪΪ꣡
һ£䡢䣬ͷŵĿº·Ҫ˶Ǳ¹ӳյüɫ˲ò԰·嶼޷ˡ

³һ
üɫӲɫѿãҹܲˣֻϣܹɣףĽҸ
ü͸ź⣬Ǿ仰вģϼôܻɡ
ɨַһۣü˸뿪֮˲ʲôˣûʸҲ׷εȥֻǿɺޣ֮صı˪ˣôһͽ֮˵õˣ̫Ķַ¶ĲЦݣǸǸоһŭ
Ⱥ뿪һһ»ص嵱УַĿ˸£оΪ죬꾹£ء
תĳŷȥֱӽԵַӵˣַ΢΢һһ
ķ䵱УֻĻعͷһЦô㻹Ҫһ𣿡
Ļַʼ硣
㵨湻󣬸ղžҵô˵汧ңͲңԺٲά裿ɺǳЦĿⶢַ㣬ƺڴĻش
ҵСַЦңӵܾܾ𣿡
컬ֻ࣬ûľٶʲô
ûУַҡͷɫһܿ¶һĨĵЦ
ƣĻǰ弸ַ㣬ȻĵЦݾַǰ
ղŵľٶζҪȢΪޣ𣿡ַıУЩ޷Գ֡
ַ֣㽫ĵ§סĵ΢΢һַĵӹȻܴ󡣡
㶼˵ˣҸղŵľٶζҪȢΪޣһʲôҵġ
ң΢΢촽ַ㹴һЦ漴ıˡ
ˣַܾܾԴ΢΢£ĵ촽ȥ
䣡һɿµͻأĽ٣ַо˲׹뵽ѵС
⣡ַ³һʱ¶ųһɿµķ֮˫ֽ§סĵ֫Ԫ·Ҫס嶼ĿԼ
ĵȴ쵰һ׼
ңĿַͷĵ
Ѿ˵ʲôҵģַ͵Ľĵĺ촽סݺݵȥĵ׵Ľ
ַȻתȻŶٵ뿪ֻҡβַͣŤͷˣַɫһ
ʲôûп
ҡӣҡڵ뿪ַҧгݣϻ쵰Ȼ޳ܣ


1004 ֲ
žҹַԼķаţûаϢ
¡
һͻأ콫ҹɫļžƣַķűֱһ߿ַ㿴߽İٻӰɵÿЦ¡
ôӭ𣿡ĶַһЦЦݼģĶ
ôᡣַȥЦֻû뵽ҹҪ𡣡
Ҷһ˶ع뷿㲻ңȻ㡣ЦɣҲַ㿿
ĵЦݣַȴһɾ֮⣬Ů˲İɣôûжܹ
ңұԼȥˡַ֣ĵϸȥľûַָֹϣַЦš
𣡡ĵʵ
壬޹ǣַͷ
úһϵЦȻʧռ¶Ƚ㣬͵ĳַһƺ˹ȥٶַ𾪡
ַ׼һѪĻᱻúܲҡ
䡢䡢䣡䵱һս÷ѣ˶ѹƣֻǽеİȫѵˡ
ȵսƽϢַ㲻ϵĴϢһƣؿڵң¼ӡְˡ
Ҷ򲻹ôϼ壬ȢҡĿַ㣬漴תߣ
ȥģַ㺰һ
̨ȳΪͽɣͷҲص˵ַֻÿЦĸϡ
˷ţַ㷢Ǽһֶҡڵ뿪ַҧгݡ
ϻ쵰ַ˵һ漴˸׷ġ
ʧ֮Ŀ⿴ĵıӰ˶Ŀȴ˸ƺ˼ʲô
СѾͷȻôСӶˣӦðǡ૵һûڼ˵ȥڵҲҿ϶ĻҲ֪˵ַߴ˻ǵùˡ
ĹȻַ̨¶ˣҹУ˳һǧɵݣһ··ݵĶˣƺ̨ժǳ
һǧݣǻʮվҪˣһЩ׼б޻㣬һҪʯʺ£Ϊͽͷ̨Եַ˵
ַתͷģЩڣ漴Ҳַ˵Ļ𣿡
ΪͽȢͻСһЩ𣿡ַЦ£ĵѾ˼޸ҡ
ɫһַ㣬漴¶һ˿ȻЦ⣬ҲˣҲǹˣѵ븺𣿡
𣬵Ȼ𡣡ַ㿴ĵЦе£Ц
㻹ȥɺЦ
ַûж˵ʲôŲһ磬ٴԵݡ
ȻѾҹԵ֮ȴԶֹĺַˣ˶ҪΪͽûô򵥣ʯʺʵһͽȻǳĿ̡
ĺַһζǼĿ죬һһݣϵĳϿշԾǧһ˲㱻Խϣ˵ҲԱֲѹ֮ơ
ٶ̫ˣ׷ң
ǰ棬عͷַЦ
ַĬĵ˵ͷĸǹɲѹϵƣٶôƽ·͸տʼûʲôһȲ
Ƭ֮ĺַ㣬Ѿһݣʱһȵѹǵϣֺ֮Уǵıϣɽ塣
ûɣĻعͷַһۣʵ
һǧһѣȻû⣡ַһЦ֮־ֻϢ£ٶշԾ
һθַ󣬺ܿ죬һǧݵϣַûͣ£ţһǧݿϣַûͣ¡
˸ĿһֱַıӰ˿ѾڴϢǺˮҪͣһ»ȻǰУַȴ°㣬һݶϣûаͣ١
Ѫܹܵס𣡡һ̶ͣٵĻƾʵҪǿѪΪ֧ţпܱɿֲشƸѹȱѡ
֮һǧݣ޷֧ŵסվ֮ͣһַɻҪǰɵõַ㣬ȵң
ᣬ͸һ֮⣬ַعͷŮӣ¶һĨЦݣı˳Ϊ˪ˣҷǳǿƣ˿̲Ļ͸Ů˵һ档
˭ôġĵַһַۣղƺԼİɣ
ʣǧˡЦ£ϢƬ̣漴һ˸ȥɣ
ַ˵ͷ˵ٶϷԾݵѹܹ죬ѹ֮ƶ˶ΪǿǿȻַǿȴûбַɡ
һʱ䣬˿һǧݣ˿ǿֲѹѾ޷Ϣˣٶַͣһۣ쵰Ѫôôǿʢ
û˵ҵѪַĵ
㡭ɫһͣ漴¶һĨЦ⣬ѾһǧˣҶˣӦǫ̈ܿģߡ
˼ٶϣѹǿޱȣѹ˻·ѪҺҪ㣬ֲ̫ˡ
ˣַ̧ͷϿգѾһǧŰݣֻʣһˡ
վϳ³漴ЦˣһˣǶܳɹģ
˵գȻһ磬ֲԪ˲Ϣʮ˽ݣʣʮݣ
䣡һݺݵĿɫѹȵЩ󣬵ȴЦַ㣬ʣʮһˣ
͸ŵ˷ܣٶȻһ磬ڰʮһݡ
¡һױȵѹĵϣֱֻӳѪ͵ıˣ·ȥ


1005 
ַ㿴ıɫ͵һȻһ磬ĵ屧ס
䡢䡢䣡ַбÿˣֻоһޱȿµѹϡ
ſңǳܵѹķӦ˹ַ㺰һȻַɽı壬һɿµѪڹŻͣ漴Ȼ֮ϣ˿Ѿú˼ʮݡ
û°ɡַȥǵѪˣоͷЩܡ
ԼĴַĻг͵һ棬סַ㿴һۣܲ죬û뵽ַȻôǿһ˳˵ѹѹϵӦòַܹܵ˵ĲŶԣȻԼҲֵˡ
ղôˣַɻʵ̤˵ڰʮһݵʱ򣬾ȻֱӺɡ
ǲݣÿ¡Ŀ˸Ŀİʮһݡ
ȥԣַŲܿ죬˸ղĸղ֮أڰʮݡ
ַ㣬Сģֲַܿһ˿̵Χһˣֻվ֮ϣǶܹܵһϢѹѹǻýģַĵϣԪתݣѪҲܹƽȵվ
̨һǧɣһһݣʱյУһַɫһ漴Ǳ㿴һǧ֮ϣȻһӰվ
̨֮ˣַĿⶢŴˣȻһǧ֮ϣȻ̨֮ˡ
ֵӰһ򵥵Ĳ£ƽʵûκεɫʣһò㣬ƽͣĲϣһܷ飬ͷûаƷ˿յġ
УַǺװ硣
ĶԴ˵ĽзȻַ㲻ͬǵɮ
̨һǧɣһһݣʮһݣһһ죬죬λǵȵͽ֮ɡɮ˵ȴƮַĵĶС
һһ죬죡ַɫһѹ֣ʮһݣ飬Ⱥ²һǧݣͽؾĿˡ
ʦ֪ҪϼݲͨͽˣĶɮʵȻɮᣬףҲΪǿߣ򲻿̨֮ܳϣػݡ
ʮһַ־ŵȣÿŲѹֳͬƾ죬϶죬ͨͽˣɮҲʵش
ĺַһֻۣҪ϶죬Ҳǵʮݣͨ˿ˣɼжôĿֲ
ʦ֪ܷһԡַĿ⿴ɮʵ
ɮϺЦڵղܵǾ죬Ȼ˾ʶһɡ
ʶַĿһſɮʹ˲ϵãΪζԷ˵Ǿʶ
ʦϵңַɻ󲻽ʵ
ַ㣡ɮһЦȴַٶȽӲȻϵã
ַ㣬һԵĿҲһɮϵַ㣬̫ˣ̨֮ˣ״ӣϵַ㣡
漴ĵϱ¶һĨõЦ⣬ַϻкܶҡ
ַԣĵòҲûʹʲô°ɣ
ַֿɮӦòδʦΪδʦϵң
Ӷʦϵ֪ġɮЦ£漴ٶԣˣַ㣬ŬΪͽʱԻ֪ˣ
ʦ֣
ַɫӲʦ֣
ͻȻһӰ׿ŵӰʯʺʵ״ӣڶֻؽ֣
ûһǰǬ򣬼ΣңƺһΣ㵽ɲףΪΣ
ֺεԯ춼Һǳ裬˵ںǰʲôΪκֻע⵽һ
ַͷɻ󣬶ߵϵЦȴԽӵĲˣһȻʶ̨֮ˣһͿɮеĶʦֶʶ˵ȥַݵλ߲֪ٸ̨ףüˣҲǰַɣҵˣ֪ĻҲַ㽫͵֮ܵĴɡ
ЩڴڴַΪͽʱЩ˷ַ̨֮ʶһȤɡ
ַ㽫ӵɻȥ漴ǵһݣϣһɿֲѪķڣ··𶼳޾
ݵѹ֮˵ΪȣΪԽǿѹ֮ԽǿȻַܹԶԶΪһ·ݣǰԵ࣬ľͱΪĵʵǿ󣬵ķӳǱ뱾Ϊıûַô
ĵ΢΢ÿĿַӰַ֪ܹһ졣
ַֻĽŲ̧ȻĳǵһĽݿȥ
䡢¡һױȵĿƴϿպȻֻ·һݣƲֲ֪˶٣ַ趯죬·Ҫѹ
ֻоţַһãַһֻȵվסˡ
ѪתϢԪħַתݣһַϵĨɱؾǿߣ֮ͨˣ¶ܲס˿ܱ
һֻŻ̧漴Ȼ˳ȥ䶯һ촫ַ˫ڵһϣȵģҡֺ
ֲشƹ£ַ̧ͷİʮݣĿ͸ŷ֮âֲֿشѹѪڵĸо
Ľŵɫ͵Ц⣬վסˣһԭôղһ˲ȥȻ׼㣬û뵽شƻͻȻ䱩ô£


1006 ݾ
ɮһЦַ΢΢ͷһֵĿӦѲ㣬ͽ֮գͿܵϾˣձ㵽˰ɡ
ллʦַԿɮ漴Ųض磬ص·һ֮ϣɮѾһԣȻԵǷˡ
ɮתȥӰַʶҲ޷̨ܵϷһǧɵ̨ܹʶû֪Ͼ󣬻һôľ¡
ʦ˵һֵĿû⡣ĶַЦ
ŵһֿ˶ѣʦ˼ƺҪΪͽӦкüֵĿˡַĿ˸һֵĿˣǳ򵥣±ὫһЩ츳ڵ˸̭
ʯʺյĵһͽ򵥣˻ľУֻбľлʣͬлߣͬͽȻľһЩҵĿ֮ȴûǰμӣΪ岻һЩѾͽˣټȥЩӵܶûж壬βͬһͽӽ״ӵһͽ˱֮أ˻ľҲ˺ֻܶ࣬ǲ֪ѣȵ˵ʱȻᷢˡ
Ķַ㻺˵гһգ״ӣôǴӵһͽѡܳģǣлΪ״ӣЩҵӵĿġ
ַ΢΢ͷȫܹĵĻҵĵӣݵλҫۣӣͨͽ޷ϣһͨͽǲ̫壬ԯ˶ԣǻҺᣬ׷ľǻʣõģǻʵָ㣬γɻʣ
ַ㣬Ϊ״ӣҶҪǳλңҲһĵ˵ƺָĿȴ΢΢Ƴδַ㡣
ôҪȢأַЦ˵ĺݺݵĵһۡ
ҹɫҹɡַ㿴գдһĨǳЦɫһĿַ㣬˿վﶼоžɽҪǿסԼ壬ǹɿµشʱ޿̲ѹַȻҹ
ϼգӦֲѹϰˣһݣޱɣַЦһ
ɣĵĮ˵漴ֱ֮ϣϿֲԪȻַͬĻ
漴ַҲĸɿֲش֮ΰ֮ϣصкôģҿֲѹѹžѪҺ뾭ѪҺȻֿܹʹǿ󡢾ȹ̣Ѫա
ַһʯƵУʱǹɿֲشƷ·ӵȻֲ·ᴩһؼγһɣʹѹ֮˵ҡ
Ŀ䣬ַָУʼʹȥֲֿѹȻ˺ȥᣬҲӦֿεѾδ
¹⽥ʧڶ峿֮ʱֻоǳʹۣȫǳûˬ֮Уƣ
ַһۣȴַɫͣƽޱȣʱ΢΢£漴ַһЦһһֱڸ쾪ϲء
¿ȥĲ漸֮ϣʱֻоϷ·˺ַܶ࣬˵ӵʵݵĻ棬̫ܲѹȻҪʱ棬ҲҪǿʵΪ֧ŵģģֻһҹѾˡ
漸֮û뿪ٶȱϥ
ַ㣬ɴ֮
ܿ죬ʱȥռ䣬вַǳȣ֮˷Ⱥиۣʲô˾Ȼܹƽ͵һ֮ϣ̫ˣЩͼģַ㣬Ȼְܹ֮á
ٴַʱַֻɫˬȻгͣ·ϸûκεѹҲûȥֿƺֲشƼγһǿ΢ƽ⡣
һһԣԽԽƣȻַ㣬ȴԽԽɡ
̨֮ϣɮǣַһۣ¶һ˿͵Ц⣬漴תȥûκ˵ע⣬ȻȻȥ
ַ㣬ĵǣ¶Ц⣬˿ַҲо˰ͣƽ׿һС
һֱҿʲôʱһͻأ䴫Ŀһоһѵõ֮ɫ漴ת۾ûٿַ㡣
仰ַ֮û˷ӦĲ֪˿̵ѵġ
ʯشơȻռеһжӡУֲĵһһδӹַ۾
ʱյȻӿ̧ͷ㷢ַͷϿգпֲԪ۶ɣһС
Ԫзӿ漴ַϷ·𴫳һɿµ֮ԪֱӴַͷ룬ַ嵱УĵӲҲУ
ԪȫַڵʱĸַܵΪ˼֣·һ˲س֮ڡ
һԪַ³漴ɢȥַֻоˬǳ
վַĵͷ΢ЦƽվǣϷ·ûбκεѹ·ǿµشƣѾ޷Ӱ졣
ַЦ£˿Ļһ죬׿ȥ


1007 
Һܲİַһۡ
ַһЦͨʯ챦ŹµشƣԼ뵽ȻУԽԽɣֱ·Ҳһ֣Ȼޱȣ۳Ԫ籩ඥֱӹڣȻյľ˰벽ݡ
ȥȥʯʺͽ֮ˣӦòԶ˰ɡַЦ¡
գĻش
գַ˵ͷ漴һ˽Ų֮¿ȥѣȥȴоޱȣǾ´ʱ䣬˶Ѿϰǿֲѹ֮
ʯʺյһͽʱֻʣ죬̨֮£ǿ߻۸࣬ͷַŸܵν˺籩ʯʺʵһͽ̫ǿˣ˻ģӵĺһȥˡ
ãã˺ַ벻֪ĺĪϧôˣǷ
Ծĺ֮ʱԼãƽĻۣ뿪˾һģûĻֻ˾ϡ
ûȺͣǳžסԺ˸ȥܿ죬Ǳصס
ȻԺ֮ʱȴԼͬͣ˽Ų໥˶Էһۡ
ˣԺ䵱У棬ƺڵȴǻ
֮ˣַʵ
ĵ˵ͷ漴ԺĴſһӰ˳
ȺУüֶڣ˿Ϊ֮ȴһòϵӣ߳Ŀֱĵϡ
ôʶ𣿡䵭Ŀڵ
ĸҲʶ壡ĵģֵ塣
кһģԽԽϢˣ䣬ƺ˵Ĺϵô
ҡɵĮ
ңص˶ңʲôҵġЦ
ĵüͷ΢΢£漴Ҳ˼֣壬ǳҲЩ£Լ£ԻҸĸԣ˵Щִ硣
ܺãҽѵˣôһ˰ɡ˵һ
ǸѴĵĮҡͷ
ߣƺ֪ĻܾңΪ츳ǿ󣬿ɲ˭ܹܽġ
ҪߣֻүүҪ㣬ѵүүˣ
үүҲˣĿһɫΪѿ
ŮҪˣܲ𣡡ٶȷ̵
壬˵ײҲԽԽ
ܺãȻǳӲˡĿ˸źâĮĵֻһΣүүҪ㣬ߣǲߡ
ɫΪѿͷԵַһۣңڲңԷߵĻַ㡣
үүǰǲȥĻ¸ŭˣĻ㣬Щﻢ¡
㲻ĵĻԴһүүҲһ㿴ϵж㡣Цһ
ĵȻַܴȥүүģĻ֪ᷢʲô顣
ȥɣҲµģַ΢Ц
СѾͷǵûˣ쵰Сӳ¡ַ󴫳һ漴ַı㿴һҡһε˹ַһԺʱϻ쵰֪ﵽȥˣȻʱӺð˳
Ҳ澹ȻСѾͷ
ҴӦ뿪ʱ䣬Ҳĵ忪˵
үүԼȥʵ
쾳ߣ䵭ĻӦһ漴Ķַ΢΢ͷСĵ㣡
˵գĵ˸뿪
ߺɨַһۣ漴ЦһˣõҶ֣
˵գ֮Ҳ뿪ķȥ뿪֮ʱַü¶һĨЦ⣬·УַѾǸ˰㡣
滺ǰƺ̾ϢƵĵСӣΪèɱ㣬ôҲǳ԰ɣ
Ļ£ͼԶӰڶ̶̵Ƭַ̣Χ˲佫ַΧ
䣬㵹ģַĿ⿴һˣȻǳ䣬ֻԷɫ䣬ɱ˸ȻΪϴαַŰڻ
һΣҿ㻹ûӰ䣬Χ֮˵ΪҲһ֮һʷǷϢ֮ʱѪţǳǿȻЩ˶ͨˣҲͳһǴӡ
˭Һ͸λƺʶɣַĿһɨˣİףȻڰ˻ľʶָ
ǣʶЩȴҪɱ
ұ㣬Ҳףǣֵңɱˣأ
ˣ
ַǳЦ£᰺ǣҪҵ˻ɱĵҲɱҶԣһҪʸҵ˺ͰĽĵˣҪˣȻ̫١
ϴһսңûǱѾǸˣҿٸᣬ㲻ýɱ㣬һӣýǻֽɱ
˵ƺҪ֮ܣַսȻҲףַýɲǶ֡
˵ĶԣǸøǳˣ
ַ㿴ϵһۣ漴Ų͵տȥѸޱȣֻһ˲һӰӡ
Ҫһɣһһ漴͵һ磬ַ׷ɱȥ


1008 亦
ӵõ𣿡գſ貵ɫ⻪ôҫۣ˵һ촫廯һɫӰַ׷ȥ
˵ٶҲѸͣиԵֶΣų䡣
ַط֮־ȫͷţͬʱŲң磬˸䣬ޱߣĳɫ΢
ǡң䶢ַңӰңڰ˻֮ؼʢңڳưϻ֮ӵлңͽǰ˻ľһɿֲַ㣬Ȼͨң
ѵַңڵ˲ɣ
ܣ˵ַڻĺһӦ֮ˣżңαң漴еĲ²⣬ңڵңΪֲٶ˺ܶƵĲӵңң֮ϣٶҲĿ졣
ǺܿңкֶܶΣٶȶޣȻַٶȴǷǳĿֲϷ֮徹Ȼܹٶžһʱ޷׷ַ㡣
ңĻٶԺӿ£һâַһҪɱңԽԽң֮ͨȡʥ֮·һɴգͬ˲ơ
ˣɫĹ⻪ԽԽ貣ٶţȻǧȣͬʱʹóٶȱøӵĿ¡
յиһ貵İâҫޱȣȻ˿ǰַȴǹһĨĮЦݣ΢΢һƺʲô㣬漴ֲٶȽַס˵һ죬ٶȣ˲øӵĿ
俴һĻɫ΢΢һѿȻ׷ַ㣬ѵҪɱ
뵽һһöֻҪѣᰱ֪׷ɱַʱѣʱ򣬱֮׷Ϊַ֪ӵ֮ǿһ֣ᰵ֮ٶȻַϵĸֲ
֮Ѫ⣬⵽˵죬ʱûҺ󱲵սǿΪ׼֮˵ĲǿΪܱá
ģΪϼ֮ˣûִı
ڴʱǰַٶͻȻ漴Ų¿տȥóɫһ漴ЦͣôһΣһҪַɱڴˣϴˢϴεĳ֮ս
ַ㽵֮һϡٵľ޴յأ쾳Ǻ޾ʲôУ˼̨ȥط˲ࡣ
ַ㣬â貣ӶɫվյУַ㣬͸޾ս֮⡣
Ȼȴδ֣еȴ
Ȼ˼ɵңȻ׷ɱַ㿴ųЦϴƾֲķͱһնɱ˿ûһ˿ַս
ߣ̵ĲǱѣûǱܽնɱɫĵ
ô˵û꣬ѾǸˡַЦδҲ̫Цˡ
졢ҵ츳ĽܹᲢۡ
ʱ֮ϣһӰ˸Ӱ˴λַΧУһɫĮɱţҪַء
ɱҵ治٣һϰɡַĿһɨȺ
ɱ㣬һӣλסĽɡĮ˵ȻſâԽԽҫۡ
˶ǳĬذ˷֮λɫʼձһ᰺Ƕ֮˶ǵĿһ£ɱַ㣬ֻҪַɱ˱ɣ˭ɱǶԲҪ
ɱһţʱպХâƺڿռ֮Уַշɱȥ
𣡡ַһ³Ųһ磬͵ıǺһƣռ䷢һ¡ľ޴·ձѣһɿֲȻƺ嫶һУúâתųȥ
ˣֲѪݣӿһεַʱַͷϿգٶȹǿµɫ籩ޱ߾޴Ӱϡ
Ѫôַ̧һϿգ漴ҡϣڵѪַ嵱УŭХҪ壬ֲѪҺ·ˣŭ𣬴ޱȡ
һɿµַΪģӶεУ͸ſµѪ֮ͬʱ֮ƣƣأҪƬն
еڻɿʱŭţɫķ籩ٶȳΣ޾ַ⳯ɱȥ·ҪַڵĿռɵ
ˡһ֮첻ݣǹɿֲâ·һɿµȻʵʰ죬ʹĻ籩޷γɡ
ţ
Ŀ⽩ô
ʱ޾۷籩ַɱȻַվǣŭХʹյгһɿµεУ̺һƴƣشƣâ޷ַֺ
Ѫ֮૵ĿĶַ㣬ôᣬַôôֲѪŴʱĮеӰֻоԴ¡
ԣѪֻ֮ӵѪַ֮³һ侪ѡ
˵ҲһַѪ֮ȣŭХǵģѪϵѪҪ¡
üͷӵǿµѪַȱȻˣѵݣ
ּ֮ˣɫӲĵ
˵ˣеҶûйϵ
һ֮ˣŭһ
Ĵַ֮ȴ¶һĨ̵Цݣ㺦ˣ
ɫһԣַ˿µѪͻȻоЩ䡣
ǿսֲ֮ĽһлĻôѪ֮Ӻζ
ǽЩȫһôӦǣ̳ȱѪ֮Ŀֲʹַӵһ˿µս


1009 ֲַ
½̫嫣ƽ֮ˣҲпܵǿ꣬ȻûǿѪΪ֧ţҲƫ
Ѫ겻ͬûǿŴѪһȱԽ߲Σĺ󱲾һ̳ǿѪܹԤϵǿ꣬ѪԴڼ̳С
ַ㣬ӵǿѪ˳ȻΪַȱҲǿµǿߣټ֮ȻΪַҲĳеӵܣƾַѪǿ̶ȣַȱֲܺܿ
նַĿ⺮䣬ɨ䣬ǿѪ㲻츳ȻȴԸҵĹһףֻ㣬ӵѪ㲻Ҫһذܡ
ַ˵գŲȻһ磬ֲѪ·ÿռ䵮ȵ֮ɫĹ⻪ֲ֮俪
ɫӲַ㻹صʱսͼĿ£ΪѾؾ磬ټʹǿѪʱóܵһɼǿѹڽĲʳš
ַĽŲĳǰǹؼĿֲѹ֮ƺԽԽǿ󣬿ռҲڽıú䣬ѩƮ
ɱ
ĺһ˲Ϣԭʧֲһ貵âһµУַѶȥַ㱻У»ն
һַ³̼䣬һѩ·˲Ϣ֣УµȴƺֻǴѩ·Ͽַǣֺ
֮ɫӲ̫֮ˣƲַ֮ɱѣϴκַսʱаƾֲɫ籩ַ棬֮ȻһΣȴԼû˰ա
ѩ·Ӷɫѿɫܿѩ·
ǲɱҵô˿ȥܶսˣַЦһĿ⿴ˣ֮йŹ֣һ֮
֮˵˵ͷ漴Ȼһ磬̼䣬ǵֱӳַΧǵϣһɹɿµϢڷš
֮ɣֻһƬռԳƶգС֮ᵽյУ׵ûֻǵĹ㹻ǿܹ֮ǿƿҶʹǿĹֶγֻһ³һ漴һ긡֣һޱȿµľ޽
޽ڿգռ֮һµĽ⣬ַ͵ȥ޽ɱǺ˵ġ
ԣգ˲佫ɱؼ˷ʱˡһĮ˵漴һ󣬾Ȼһɽ壬ɽѸţһµľ޷ɽ·Ҫе˶ɱ
Ҳ׷ʹԼǿĹֶΣҪ˲ַ֮Ȼ̵ַһ˲ɱ
Ҳãֱɱɡ˵ͷַܵĿֲѪҲûа˵ַܹնɱַ֣ɱĺá
ȷǿַ㿴ŵĿش䣬ռ䵱һɿֲڿХʹƬռ䶼Щ
ȻɱЩ˵ĶԻƺѾˣ
ȻҪһǱһĨɱɣַ³һɫһòļһ˿ȻЦóҪһɱǣֱĿһС
ַϣһɵĺڰ⻪˸ͫףޱȵڣ䣬˫ӣħ
ϣɫգӶرɫĿĶַ㣬˭գɱɱ
ɱɱɱ
һֲɱţ漴ΧӰͬʱɱַ㣬޽߶޽ѩ·ַ֮նɱȥ
ͬʱΪ޷꣬ſֲľ޷壬ѹ£Ҫ
併ѩ·ǰֲɫ˫ĳǰѹȥ˫·һֵɫУƻȴֿ쵽˼飬Ƭռ䶼â
յҡѩ·ʼַʹĿռԳһ磬ΪһƬգǹǿ󣬸޷ҡƬշֺ
ֻС֮ǿ߶ԣѾ㹻ֲˣǴ֮뵽ռȥ
ƣǱưɣ
ַĮ³һ¡¡زѩ·֮ϣ漴ռԵĲһε֮˵촫֮ɢѩ·
ˣ
ɣȺĮһЦɱַ㣬Ȼʱַ͸һɿµħ⣬ͫԽԽ˫ַٵ趯š
ħ
һ̹ǵַ³һʱһڰ֮⳯ΧŶһɽɵֱӡɱϣǵ˲ֹסֻоһɿµǽ㡣
һɱôĴŵӣϧˣַб³һ漴ĽŲȻ˳ȥƵУ̺һɿµĺڰ棬͸һеĿֲ
䡢䣡˫ַֻӡ˱ħ֮ǿϣɫ˲ǵȼҽ̶
ˡˣַٶȺ֮죬ֻһ˲һȭ˫Ż棬ħ𣬶ЩҪɱˣȫĲҽУڵĻ浱Ȼȼ
յУֻʣδûȻ˿ģս
ÿ£ʱַ㣬ڰĮͫףĺڰħϢ˫ֵſֲħһµħħޣ
һ޺ĵͽ֮ˣս˵Ŀ£˵


1010 
˫ڰӶų䣬΢΢ַϣ¶һĨЦֻЦݣģȴֻк䡣
ҵĺ֮ƽϢһǰȫڻ浱бٻٵˣһʣȫַɱ
ЩˣҪһϹϵǶһݣһļ壬ӵѪʵǿȻôֹҪַɱȴ˵ң佫ַַ֮ɱǣֻ˲Ϣ֮£תۼ䣬ȫˣһ𺳵ֶɱ
㻹Ҫɱ𣿡ַ³һȴóɫһѿޱȡ
֮䲢ûʲôԹַ㿪˵
ַ㿴ųɫǹһĨķЦݣʱȴ˵ûԹûеĻΪҪɱңȻ㶼ҪɱңôұԹ
ַ˵֮ʱ΢΢ҡͷĿ͸һĨӣգӵƸ߸ϣӵи߹Ѫӵǿ츳ͺõվڸ߿ոַ㣬һξͰˣڶΣַӵ
֪Ϊʲôɱ𣿡ַ㿴ų˵
óɫһͷһĨϣ֮ɫϣ
Ϊʲôʵ
ңѪڼ߹Ҳ㿴ҵ꣬ҵѪַ㵭һЦóһ漴˵ĿֲХ֮һǿᵽµѪϢַϹѪ·ͬŭһķһ̳ƺо׷С
ɿֲѪǰоѪ֮С
ֲֿѪںѪֽᵮꣿ
ܿ죬ˣȻȴ˲䱻סˣĿַ󣬾ͷַ󣬷ҡϡ
壬ַ֮Ѫǿ㵮䲻𾪣ַܴ֮࣬꣬档
Ȼ˿µѪ֮£ͷ꣬ôֻ˵ַӵеѪ֮Ѫ
ֲ֮Ѫַ꣬ôҲؽַµͨ
ƺǾޣȻԸצ֮״Ϊ
𣡡һͷŭһ漴Ȼ䳯ųóһȻ£棬̼䣬һζܵ˼ӲޱȵУ˶ˣֻһɫĹâڿ˸
ߣַĮһЦһ漴ŭſ죬Ȼĳâȥ
ꡢꡭ
һ촫ֻڲʳȻΪʵ̫ӲֻһĽ֮š

һʹĺ֮д䵱Ȼ֪ڷʲô˿̵ɫҰֽûаѪɫڲʳꡣ
ˣ
ţ˫ſȻȥ
໡һɿֲޱȵХ֮͵ĴյдóݺݵĲ£ЩûվȽŲԴһѣΡ
ХХ·ҪĻǶ
໡ŭХֻͷ䣬漴ֱӽ島סͷҧų˫˫ȣ̧յС
ŵɫҰף˲ѣ͸ޱȵĿ־֮⡣
ڳϿգһͷĶų䣬漴ҡ£ſ޿ڣ촫һ̵
ʲô俴ַŭŵްѪɫȻ
ΪҪַ꣡㿴޷ĳ䣬Į³һ漴ٶſ죬͵ĳһ˹ȥֱӽû
ʹĺţҪ꣬ԭַ㾹Ҫꡣ
ˣټ
໣
ַ£ŭһˣ׵˽ȥһڣ׵û
ŭ𣬻صַ󣬶ʱַȴ΢΢۾ƺڰĸʲô㡣
ǰ껹Ǿ޵ʱܹ꣬ΪԼãǰãַʹѪΪѪʹþͬҲ죬һͷͷֿĿ
һХ̺֮µĹֶΣѪͨңֹˣַ㲻֪֮ӵеͨɣǷܹʹá
ַʼɱ䣬Ϊ꣬óƷ
صַǣХ֮䡣
ʱһɫĹ⻪˸ֻͷʧ貵İɫâţͷȻַıϣ漴ſ
꣬ˣܹɣΪãַĮ³һ漴ʧ貵İɫޱߣſ
վյУĴţġ
꣬˿ַ㣬Ծ꽫ɵʹԼӵ˳ꡣ
ˡˣĴ򣬶ʱյдŭХֲվ˷
ߣ
ַһȣ漴͵ԾյУ˸䣬˲Ϣʧ磬ٶȿֲ
ַ뿪֮ߵĿռһαðһƬţЩˣȴʬ嶼δ¡
Զһ֮գٵ漴֮ͣϣȻֵܣԼһλߣǳǰġ
лĻϢӦйսأ׷ʲô߿յУյеϢĮĵûʬ壬ʬҪôգҪôû
ַ㣬Ҳ֪ǻ


1011 ̬
ﻹ֮⣬Ӧûţʱ߿գֻһɫ⻪ƿյµĺۼ̫âʻʹղۼ
ѪҲǲټ꣬ĿֲַҪɱܣӦþһսַˣ׷ɱȥˡᰲ²˵µĺۼҲ࣬ûûлȥǽֻп׷ɱַ㡣
ȥַ㲻֪ߵغҵ֮ҲҪѰ·һʱ֮Ʋ񷣬Ƶĺۼ׷ȥ
Ȼ׷ٵ;е⻪ͻȻʧˣ·ӲĽضĿ˸в²ⲻѡ
οᰶԵʵ
ȴ˸¶һĨ⣺ûսϢۼȴͻȻϾôֻһֿܣսڸղѾˣض뿪ĺۼ
ţɫһɫѿ
˵ǶȻ󣬵ʵϣԼɵġ˵
ۼƲ⣬ֻֿܣ֮Լһǧö֮ټַϵǱı³ҲѲİɡĮ˵һۼǳΪôĲ²ҲȷģȻǸ뵽ºۼ֮ȴǳ䡣
ߵĻϸӵѿһ䣬ȻҪ
ҪҪһ¸䵭˵һ
ˣ䲻ɵӣȻʱġ˵һᰵ˵ͷȻ֪ô˿㡣
˵գһ֮ƹתȥ
뿪֮ԶɢļӰУһԴ̧𣬺Ȼַ㣬ǵƤ£ֻǻһס
ֽϵĨȥַĿ͸һĨ⣬ҪɱԼˣȻã˵湻ݶġ
ȻΪַôַʱˡ͸һĨЦ޻ڳ䣬ƺҲҳȥɡ
һʱâ貣ſ
ɣ֮Ѫ֮ǣӵİԵˣɻ꣬Ϊã
Ĵ򣬶ʱַҡϣһлԶȥ
᰻ȥ֮󣬱㽫Ϊ֮ɢȥڴϢȻǳַ̰õ֮Ȼַնɱˣ֮뿪ͳͬĪ
һַ޹أǳ̰֮ԶΪ⣬ɱЩͬļӵɣӣ²ùˡ
ϢҲһЩΪżȻ̸ἰĻ⣬Ȼַ㲢ʲôصܿ㱻˵Ŀ⣬ͣʯʺͽ֮ϣʣˡ
쾳ǣǿ߻ۣܶҵӶˣ籱֮صҡҡң˱֮⣬˻ľҲмֲҺǿѾ¶ˣĵҶңĵҵȵȣ˸Լֲ֮⣬˻ľкüλߣǲͽǰأʯʺͽ
֮⣬ɢޣԼ쾳ǵȺ˻ľȺ½ִһʢⱱ֮ٿ
Ĵ쾳֮һֱǱ֮䣬˲ҿ
ңַȴһޣҪҲףүүܻͬ£ΪַĵòԼǿ츳ټϼıҪ޵ĻôˣҲǱ֮صҫУҪǿıΪ֧ţܳƵŵԡ
Ļδ棬Ǵ˴ʢ֮ʱԯܻܿһͽϯλʱΪ֤飬ϼףϼĵλϼ൱òʵʤǣֻǵѪ⣬ʱϼļ޸һ֮ԯһͽԱδҲˣϼȻ˳
쾳ԣһλò֮ںߴһû֪Щʲô
ҡʱߵ³һ漴ںڰһӰֱʧ
ʱĵ쾳ԣߵ˵ߺף
ο߶ĵʵ
ףϼڱ֮أӲϼ弴ԯһģܼһͨˣ»üλ岮Цɡĵ˵֮أһңжʵ۸ӣ̸Щ֧ϣΪ׳ΨһƿôһȻҲˡ
ӱȽִ֣˪ڶҹԴɫ֪Ǻԭ򣬾Ȼһƽ֮ˣӣҪıܡ˰̾ƺл
׵˼ǡĵ΢ͷųһ޵ɱ⡣
ȥɣʱòҪ֪Ϊ
ĵ¶һ˿Ц⣬ףţ쾳֮ʱѾɱңϼˣҲв롣
üͷ΢΢£漴ҡͷҲգһ϶һˣǳɹĵӣҪһûгɹĻҸղŵĻȥɣ
ǣףĵ΢΢ͷ漴ʧôؾ֮˷ɱַ㣬ϼĲ룬ַܲѾ˿Ϸ׼


1012 ĵŭ
뿪쾳֮صסԺ䵱УȻûзַӰ˵£˿˿ĸо
ôˣĮ˶Ϊ˪ˣԼΪǷ֮ˣԶϲˣȻô·һεǣ˵ˣڿַɲǣһ֮Уַһ̡
֮󣬶̶̵ļദĸоԽԽǿңַѾ£޷ͣԼоĪ֪Ϊλˡ
ַ㲻ˣȻδйʧ벻֮С
ûԺ䵱ͣĵȥַ̽Ϣܿ죬õַϢģȴ˲׹ȵףôĺ䡣
ᣬ˳ĵջ£ĪᣬȻȴܰûϢᣬ嶼ûͣƬ̣ǷƵ˸쾳ķȥ
üԼôż˸մ쾳߳ԶǷ֮ǰȥַ̽ϢַǷѾˡ
Ȼǲδ̫߳ԶͿһ£͸ű˪Ļ
䣡üͷһ˿̵ϵϢ̫ˣɱӶ
Ľ㣡ü¶һĨǳЦЦȴЩӲ
ˣһ´ĵıȽȽ漴ڿգ±̹ǣϵϢһôĮ
꣡
ºɫһ꣬ļǵĵһӦȻͷ꣬꣬ңΨУѪꡣ
Ľ㣬ҪʲôüһƼɵ֮⣬֣Ϊս
ˡһ¹£һ˵ȫ֣̼䣬ֻоһεǵ嶼
ֲɱĵͷţӰƮƾĵƵУ·һԲ£¡
С㣬ǸʲôüͷųµϢӲĶ֮ǽŲǰ赲ġ
ߡɫ˫ƮȻɱ´ż֮־޴£ŶԷɱȥ
С㣡˴һû뵽ľȻüɱȻЩ϶Ͼͬϼ塣
䣡屻ƣֲԲºɱ屻ɳȥĿкü˵ס·ɫԽΪ䣺˵һΣ
£յУ¾ȻŴĺ£·䣬ü˵ӰԽԽǿҡ
㾹ȻΪ˸ɱңˡŭһбȡһöֱ
µ¹⽫ǰĻѹȵģֻо޷ޱȣĵʵ˽⣬սǿǸ뵽ԼȻĵϮɱ
Զ˿ߵһĻɵ˽ľȻҪɱͬΪϼü룬ôˣδҲ̫Щɡ
¡µ촫ֻЩ伶Ļ޷赲ĵĽŲһ˳ȥ
Ϊʲôüŭһ
ıӿüһۣûлشĻҪش𣿸ղüĸ״ǰ쾳ַͱΧɱʵѵ
ַ᰺ɱģüеɱһȻĵĽŲͣ£Ҳˣ
Ϊ޹ءüӦ
޹֪𣿡ɫɺ䣬Բٶȳ֣üɱȥ˵ɫ˲òҰס
ס֣һŭĺĻһü¶˿ϲ֮ɫϵˡ
ףңüһȴĵĽŲȻͣ£ɱɣü֮һ¸֣漴һĨ¹ҲΪ¡
üɫ˲佩Ӳ׶ˣľȻɱķˡ
üŭһüŷӦͷųԼͬʱҲͬͷֻҪ赲Ƭ̱ɡ
¡ϢüУƺһѪɫ˲Ұס
̫ˡһǵĸڵˣһֲϢĵϣĺ˳ȥ֮ϣͬȾһĨ֮ɫ
ջıע壬껣úݵֶΣغˣҼһأɱһأ
˵գת뿪껵ɫѿģȻҲһв
ߵ𣡡
ϢŶ漴ȴĵҲ
ĵ껵ĶӲĵıӰһ̫ˣֱ޷죡
Ȼɱģ£ûˣĸɱĶŮȴɱġ
ĵӰʧ껵˵ɫǼѿ
һӹֻ껵ĸҲˣʧӰ
ף̫ˡ˵
ô˵Լ³çĺһü˱ɱˣǻʲôӦ
껺ü˵ɫ̣ԣ˹Ȼƫ̻ģȻǵȷ³çˣǸû뵽ľȻ˵ķֱɱ˹
ûҵҪһˡԺСĵ㣬ҪټŭģԼ侲£ʱˣˣü룬Ҫȥˣ
껵˵ĻɫѿˣԹȻü㣬ȴģԵƫ̻
вҪѵϲһˣǶȻҪ㡣
ƺ֪е뷨˵һ漴һ˲Ϣ
ףүүҲģƵĵ
죡һ£Уַˣƫ̻ģȻҪ˵ǣҵˣ


1013 
̨֮£ȺԽԽԵ̨Ҳ֪ˣ̨һǧɣΪֲģİʮһݣݣŲһ죬һЩ츳ǿֱ֮ӳ˵һ죬ȴֲ˲ˣ֮û˸Ҵ⣬Ҫŵȥȴû˳ɹΪ̨֮ϳһɮκ̤Ǿ졣
һǧѹ˵ǿ֪жֲʱ֮ϣһȺΪעĿЩӿݣŮ̲סҪ࿴ۣЩҵˣԼǵһЩѡ
ٿֲǿ츳ϾӦû⡣һ˷˵ᰵ¶һĨǳЦĿ꣬ȷǵھ죬ͽѡ֮ʱ˿ǰľ죬Ǿ죬ǱǼΪҫۡ
ҵ츳ǿԯȣ໹ǲСᰵЦԯ죬ǸȻԯΪ൱ͬΪأҪսԲǶ֡
Ϊ㲻ԯҲ˶٣ңҺܿԯϽףԽҫۣʱ֮ʱҲԽҫƺܻ˵᰺ǵЦŨ
ˣһĺ˲Ϣǵ֣᰺ǵ˵Ц˲Ϣǣ͵ת漴Ǳ㿴һ³նɱ
ղŷᰵ˳ºɱȥȴâ䣬ջδ壬о漴׷룬
ΧȺȻһ漴׷ױ˿û뵽Ȼֱɱ
ģòᰱĺһ漴㿴ĳɱ
£һŭȣз·һգƵºȥĿĹ⻪Լ֮ţʧ
Ȼȴ˵һ죬һɺϮĵף漴Ǳ㿴ĵͷϿճһֱ¡
ô£ϼϼĺ󱲾Ȼսֿˡ֪ɱ֮˾ϼĺ£ֲҺ󱲾Ȼսһְɣ˶ɻΪλֱɱܻˣδҲ̫˰ɡ
ϲһַӣǴӻĺд˳ȴҪһ֮ôͬ⣬һֱҪɱַ㣬ǰϢַ㱻ɱˣֵܣĿΪɱ
һЩ֪֮ȥ˵˳ʱȺȻû뵽ֱ˪˾Ȼϲһͨˣϧɱϼĺ󱲣˸пǼһǺˣమϧѾˡ
֮ϵĵƼĿϿյս·Կ÷ǳ֮ȺߵϢ˲ǰȥϺҵĺ󱲾ȻսΪ
ַϤ֮漴ؾסĵطֻǼһѾˣȥ̽Ϣˡ
ַ̨·Ⱥ࣬Ҫ̽ϢĻӦӦûŶԡ
̧ͷϿΧһȺַʵϿշʲô£Ȼô˵ע⣿
㾹Ȼ֪ϼı˪Ϊϲַ֮ϧͬΪϼü֣㽫ɱϧֹûгɹҵøҲַǱɱɡ
˶ַ㿪˵ƺ֪Ĳ١
ַɫһģȻΪԼˣȥɱü룬Լá
Ůˡַͷһůû뵽ľԼ飬ϧɱͬΪϼˣӴ֮ˣ̫Σˡ
ϼܻĹģҿɲɱǵүС㡣
̧ͷַ㳯Ͽ˸ȥؼǹ֮ѹƺ޷Ӱ쵽ֺʱַΪӣѵ֮˵ĺҶòһȴ˳Ϊ˪ŮȻദȴ˶ԼƺϣԼȢΪޣ
ַٶȼĿ죬ս֮صʱսѾͣˣĵһѪȺΧҵ߸ˣˡ
ģδҲ̫ĿˣᰶͿȴҪɱңΪηҲɡᰶűΧסģĮĵ
޳ų򣡡ıɨһۣĵַãȴһֱҪɱ޳Ϊ൱㾹һսü֮˲㣬Ϊˣų
Ļʱɫѿɱַ֮һֱܻ䣬ϢҲǳԼ̰ΪڲģΪõѪǿŮ˲࣬սֲսذܡ
ĵĻɴʹ
ҶѾȥ͵ϮɱָЦǲһ˵Ժǰɡ˵£
Ļ£һλͷųϢ
ַɫһĿ˸ģôⳡսǺģıȻ豻ۣʱ򻹲֪ܵʲô衣
뵽ַһâһˣ漴岻ƶ
ɱıĶᰣü֮£նɱȥ
һŲһ磬ʱֲ֮¶С
ͣ͡
ڴʱһ촫ֵֻȺǰ棬ͻأ貵ţֻһӰȻ䳯˹ȥһ˫貵ɫ˸硣
ţɫһعͷ㿴Ⱥо˸ҳǣŭһң
ȻӰûͣ·ֺ˸ͬʱһֻܵǾȥ˲佫ǰ漴㱻뵽У磬Ҹû뵽һģȺл˸Ҷ֮˳֣


1014 
ĹâҫۣǾյУһɫȳǵĺ䣬·ֻҪ⶯һҪ
֮꣬ˣ˭ɫȻǳ֮ˣˣö֮Ķǳ֣޷ˡ
ǸɵİɣеӰ˵ɫһʲô˼ɱַЯرߣΪ˵ˣ
ߣһϼ壬֪ܣ
еַɫ䣬ȻԷ˳֮ˣȻȥҴóϼĳԹһЩɡ
ַŮ˵Ȼᰱ޳ܣȻʾȥҳֻɱַ֮һδ֮һƣ˴ٴֳ䣬ȥɱַ㣬ҵֳѣ˶㾹ȻҪ޻ֳɢҥԣֱ޳
ַյŭȣΧ֮˶
ᰵ֮һɫѿϼҪɱַ֮в²⣬ȴ֤ʵû˸˵ҵĲǣ˿ͻȻ֮ӵгҵ꣬ǳĵܵܣһ¶˳Ŀ֮£ҵ档
ĻѣˣĿ⽩ӲΪЯַϵıǱӣ˵ˡ
ǵģˡַĿ䣬ᰣͫ׵͸ǿҵķŭ֮⡣
ַأûʵǳˣַǻ
ˣȥʯ١ַ
ĵͷһˣһĨϣȴܿ˾Ϣвɵַᡣ
ַ㿴һģ΢ʹһĨϧ֮⣬ȴδ֪ģ¸ʹ¶š
ѣҲѹַɱץãǺ⡣ᰶеַ㿪ڵ΢˼֣ǵİο
ᰣ˵ԼЦ޳֮ˣҲϣ˶ģֳΪ㾹ҥֳַ˵иоʹ죬ҪݺݵԷ˶°ɣڳҵϡ
ҲᣬҲ֪֪ˣԻԳҲſǣԺңѡ᰻
ѣַŮˣصңζԴѵģ̵ַһЦɫԽԽѿԶȺߣָָ㣬˶ᰵΪˣǳ׵ĳˡ
㲻˼ԼҲù˼һҰɡᰵ׵ĺʼв
޳֮Ǹ̤ң֮˱ؼһɱһַ˵˼ɣҺͳҿսźá
ɱᰵӶȴڴʱ˸ǾһֻĺһǳǳѪ
ԭҲϧ˾ʱȴ֪԰ַһջغ⣬¶һĨЦᰵŪ˳Һͳҽ³ޣˡ
ҶСĽҲվСߣС뿪ɡַ㵭˵һɫһǶûзţ˿ֹ̾ܵˡ
㲻̫𣿡᰺޲ַɱȻַУòͷ
һǺֳһѪۡ
ᰵ˫䵽£Ķַ㡣
ȺҲ΢΢Щľ֮˵ĵδҲ̫ЩĿһУǣвϼ壬̫ˡ
Ҳ˵ڶ飬С뿪ڡַ׵ĺɫӲڣ΢΢Ӷ£֮˷׷ÿߡ
ĿеַһۣΪҪԼַ΢΢ͷ漴ת·ȥ
ڿԷðɡĵ
һ𡣡ַЦһᰵ֮ó⿪֮ϵ
ַĻɫ˲üĿֲ˾ȻҪ֮
ȺҲ¶Ȥɫԭˣַ㾹Ϊ֮
ᰣѵ㾹޳ֵܵزΪ֮õҪˣַ˵
ᰵĿ⽩ӲַǸ֮á
ԡַͷģٶһ֮ˣȤǣôӴû֮ˡ
һ֮ȡ漴֮ϵĨ
㡣᰻˻֣ʱƴַ֮ǰȻޱȣҲֻͨƤëֲֿ֮ǾѵĴˣܹ°Ļ
ַ֮ȡϵ漴һ˲䣬֮ĽƯڿС
˸£ַ絽棬Ȼȴҵǿ˸ַסͬʱһɿֲϢַ֡
Է˰ɡᰱ˵
Ƿˣ·һҪ֮к壿ַЦ˵
ҪΡ̹ǡ
·ַ䵭˵
·㲻ָΡ
ɱãֲһɣҿûô޴ҵĿѾ֮أԻˡ
ᰳ˼Ƭ̣漴ĵǲˣҸұ֤߲쾳ǡ
˵գٶȻ֣֮˲˱ÿ
ַһ֮ǻУ˲Ϣ֮أЦòҪҳңĻұ촦
˵գ͵Ļζ£ǵ屻˳ȥַ֮˲Ծ뿪գۼʧֻɫԼ֮˶ȥӰ
һΣҲһ֮
崫Ϣǽ֮£˵һȺͷһףңҪùˣ


1015 ʢ
֮һ֮أַŽڵؽ֮ʧҲһš
һղžģЮǣ֮ˣʱʧˣڹǱˡ
˸ַ㳯žסԺ˸ȥٶȷǳĿ죬Ҳ֪ôˣǷصǱȥ
ַ㲢û̫Զ˺ܿԺ䵱УʶɢȻ㷢ĵķˣӦǻˡ
¶һĨЦ⣬ַֻ˸ղֱ˿ĵķţֻ˿̵ڴͷȻֱŶ룬ɵɫһͷųһɺ֮˲䳯ַ͵˹ȥ
ţַ£漴ղллңҷ䣬Ŷ룬Ǻ⣿
ҶСĽѾãҪ׽һַ㵭Цĵɫһͷųһɱ֮⡣
עִ磡ĵ͸⣬˾Ϸ
ַǳЦ£漴ǰȥ
ǰһĪҶ㲻ϵĺ⽫ַ֣ȻַֻЦЦǰ
ԭǸ࣡ĻȻһֱӳַȥַѪӿֲŶͬһƺ
¡һѵ촫ŰΧ˲ݻ١
ҷ⣡ַһʱһɿµķ֮Ȼţֹȥ
֮ɫһ΢΢ͣ£ƺһĻ̫ơ
ȻֻƬ̵ͣ٣֮٣˲ĵһ˲䱻ס·𶯵޷
漴ֱַ˲佫ĵ屧סһĶַ㡣
ҶСĽ֮ãС㾹ôͽˡַ˵һ˵ûκεαװٶһַЩʧ
ַ㣬û
ַֻϻ¶ףЦ˵ʶ𣡡
Ƭ̣漴΢죬ȴ͸һɱ֮
쵰
һɿֲţ·Ҫַ嶼
ַòôݰɣȻ׼
ȻС˵Ǹ쵰Ҿ͵һػ쵰ˡַյЦ£ЩţһЦݲ⣬Ҫʲô
漴ַֻԴĵ£Ŀһ쵰ſҪ漴ͱַסַһƺסˡ
ۣһ촫ķӦʱַѾˣŭһ޳ܣ
˵һ磬ַ׷˶Ȼ΢УƺЩʪ󣬵ȴŲõЦݣţžͺãɺǻ쵰ԼʱȻ˵ʧôãһҪúýѵǼһһ

ʱ޶һμȻڴ˶⼸˵˻ǵȵһյĵ
գ̨ʯʺʣյһͽ
һգ̨֮£ǿ߻ǿߣ׷׻ڴˣΪʶ
ԣΪͽǶԣݡλδζǽǰ;𾴣лΪһǿߣЩӵܶԣΪͽܹڼеĵλгһܹΪ״ӣ⽫ΪδƿȨҪ룡
߶ԣ뵽߾磬Ҫ֮ѣÿһ綼˿ǾһһΪһ죬죬н׸߽߸ˣΪͽлӽʣҵõʵָ㣬ǽǴˣл֮·ôߣ
ΪߵĵһͽشֻἸ겻һһΣ˭Ը
һ죬̨֮µĵط˶ʶΪɽΪ˺ޱ޼ʣȫӰ
⼸ַļҸֲңҸʱżܹϷһŮռˣҵŮҹ߿ȻŰһ٣ַ˽νͨţȻԴ֮ͻһطסĻҪĹ⼸졣
ַʯʺʽͽ֮ǰҲö¶ˣûгȥһֱȵ˽յĵ
Ĳ̨·ش˺ַһ
ôˣͽַЦ˵ʵֲ̫㶼㲻ж٣̭Ҳ̭ɣҲ϶ģʮһɵľȻֲضһЩԣ죬ӦǿԵġ
ң˿ֲͬһǧɵݣ¶Ǽ׳۰ɣ
׳ۣ֮ڣͬݣ׳ĳȻ˾̾૵ַ¶һĨЦݡ
ԣֺĳһģַ˵ͷƺܹ
ʱȺһ£ųʥ̬ǿ־Ϊͽ⽫ͨǿ;еһݣһݣԺĵ·Ȼƽ̹١
Ҳ˵õָ㣬յĵһͽȻȫһЩǿߣҲǿߣľֻؽ֣һ콾ΪͽǳһҲܴʹԼǰУǹϵû໥ָһ
ʣ˻ľƿִߣվڰ˻ľƶ˵Ҳֻӵ˿ֲĺˡĸпһȻ֮ˣȻʣһ֮ңʵȴûпɱ֮Խһɵ죬һŭһҸ˭˲ɻʡ
гһգɻʣһҸ˭ңַĿ̨֮ϣһգ˳ͨʵݣΪµĻʣ
ɻʣʲôЦ
ɻʣǻַǳЦӦĲ⣬Ǻ⣿


1016 
ʲô˼Ķַ㣬ʵ
ǻʵŮˡַЦ£ĺݺݵĵһۣȴŭ⣬һƵĻϲ
òģ
ʱ쵽˰ɣַ̧ͷһգ˵һʱƻ𣬳Ϊʢ䣬˼⾳
Ӧÿˡĵ˵ͷ
ˣһ·ңԶ֮شײȺ飬һ̣ӵĿռ·һ˲䰲£̧ͷһǧɵݣֻһ̣һƻ̨֮ת£һֲԵˮÿһ׵ݻ̼䣬֮ϣһõĹʣ͸˿˿ƮϢƺݡ
һˣַɫһ̧ͷ߿գݵ϶ˣƺһĨĨ貵Ĺ˸ţ֪ʲô
ˣһ죬ȺɫΪ£糯ʥ֮ϣֻңԶ֮أ̨ķһӰ̨Խ
Ӱأ໥˫ֺʮ飬Ⱥе֮и
ɮ֮ˣһɮ
ǰ֮ˣƣɮϣһƽâţҫ貣һС
ɮѵһŷʿɫһ̾һַüͷ΢΢£ʵɮѵǷ𣬹ŷʿΪ⣿
˭ɮǷޣİַһۣɮ־ʵ֮ˣޣһ޵ĹΪࣻȸǧ˿ȴԼڸһƤңһģΪɮɮƶзħ
ɮвһжȻ޷֮˵ǹŷǼ٣ʵŷҲǷޣֻʱ֣޹ŷ֮֮Ϊŷʿ߲޾ԣֿɳΪһ壬ɮּɳƣ͸֮˸оģ֮ԶܹɮһһиܵǹɻȻɵİͣɵΪǹżмصĹŷʿһ˲²⣡
Ķַ㻺˵ַ΢΢ͷȻˡ
ţƹǧƣڳ֮£ͣ͸
֮ϣӰڿնЩ˶ʷǷŲİֻߴǫ֮ȻȺЩǰ֮ˣͽ״֮أΪʣ֮£ϣǻʣףصʸûУҲû˻ûȤҲζţЩ˵󣬶վʡ
֮ϵ˲ֻ࣬ȼʮ֮ǵд඼Ǽһ޾İ˻ľҲôһЩܹǰףر٣Ȼ̫ˡ
λϹƬ̣ǹ̨ˡɮ֮ϵȺ΢΢Ƿ˫ʮʮΪò
޷ʦæԼıǡҲſɮͷʵѾ֪ɮ˭ˣʯʺʵ£һЩ״ӵУֻһλɮΪŷʿͬΪͽ㻹֪ģ
лλ⣡ɮٶȿ˵漴Ŀٶȿ¿յȺ˵ͽ֮ˣкˣȺ󷽡
͵ƺ׸Ⱦˣǰ֮˶ʱ׷˸ȥǸϣɮһ仰Ǳ㶼
λ߹ͽӣ˭˸Ҳӣ
ʱ޾֮˳ź˳ƺƵȺƺһΪˣǰμ
ɮ˵Ķ΢΢ף漴ٶȿڣգʯʺʣǿͽȻǰμӴʱ֮޴ˣʣݣһǧɵݣ֮һǧֻҪһǧŰһʮŲݣλİʮһǰҲǾ죬ϣӵе̨ԿףΨõԿף̨ӵоΪͽʸ񣡡
ȺɮĻɫһǫ̃Կףӵоͽʸ񣿽õʸѣ
ַҲһԭǾ죬㲻ͽĿˣֻһ볡ѡ
ǾһֲܹܿشѹֲѶȣֻǻпܳΪͽʸ֮󣬻֪ʲôڵȴ
ôԽõʸ֮յһŵĺ飬ҪӵĿֲ
ôѶȣҲ֮УĵһһͽʯʺԼӰɣ˶ǰѶȲ̭֡
ʮһݣŲһ죬־죬ҪʵǶϣ죬һ죬ӵ̨ʸ񣬵Ҳֻе̨Ϊ͵ʸȴûмΪͽʸ񣡡ɮʼ򣬵ϵһ죬õһԿףӵ˵̨ʸ񣬷򣬿̨ϲˡ
ϵһ죬̨ʸȴӴɥʧͽȨ
ȺһҲζţ٣Ҫ϶졣
죬ͬһһԿףõԿףǲмΪͽĻᣬȻҪסһ㣬һ˾ϵԿףԿὫ̨һʧȥԿףԼԿףȻǶ˺ԿףǶԣֻкôԣҪȥԿףǼֲסˣԽԽã
ɮ˵ܻȴ˶ܹ
ѵڶԿףӵгΪͽʸ񣬼пˣõԽߴԿףӵԽĺôĳȣһҪþϵԿף˶ס
Ȼ˿̵Ҳֻ룬ڣ֪ϵжôû֪
ˣڣݰɣɮ˫ֺʮжһˣʼĵݣ


1017 ԯ
ֻаʱ䣬ʱ֣ݽպϣݣ޷̨ɮƺڳԥǳЦһֲ̫ǲʱ䣬֪Ҫȵá
ֻаգȺɫһ˽ŲԽԾݣȹΣԪתƶϡ
͸һƮݣ˳ˮ㣬ϣϵĳϿӣԶȥȻԳһ龰׳ǳ׳ۡ
׼ʱȥĶַһ
ǲ׳ĳַҡͷʱֲŽֹʱ䲻٣ǲż
ûжԣݵȺԽԽ࣬ȵĳԶ۵ȺһϢ֮У̫ˣ֮ڣݶϣû̫ãȺ㷢֣ʮǧɵݣȫˡ
ûʮǧɣɵ˶ˣ
ǳЦ˵ипҲֻ׳۵ݣܹź嫵Ⱥִ˿̵ʢ֮
֮£ҫ֮ϣһƺŨеĽɫ⻪֮ϣҫ۶Ŀ
ֻʱԶһĻĿʹľ˸пһȴ˿Ѿ˶ž޴شƣİʮһݡ¡
ȥˣ̤˵һ죡ʱȺһȵµһӰһֻſ˾졣
ֻ΢΢ͣƬ̣ȺһȻͣˣֻһֻſȥ
ڣ˵ĵڶֻҲȻ£̤˵һ졣
ˣһ漴ȺĿ˲ϢӲ˵ֱӴӵһһ⣬ϵĳԶԾ
ôֲȺɫ͵һֻ˵屻ԶȺ淽֮ͣͣ˲ϢסΣ漴ϥȻʼ
ţַĻһۣôһıһȻѪҲˣȥôԶ˿ͣ
֮ƸԵˣΪ˰˵ڶ̤ϾĻᣬÿˣֻһλᣬĻô˲ϵظ̤ϻܻң˵Լ뷨ַͬĵ˵ͷΪͽĻ˭ᣬ¼ʧ˻ٴǰĻ²ðԶЩˡ
ĺַô룬ʱ˵Ҳ²⣬죬һδεĸ˻ᡣ
˵һ£Ͼ죬֮ǰȻӦݵĿֲѹұΪٶȿֲȻֻ̤һһͱ˶ܵһɽ֮УϢ֮УһûվȾͱɼежôĿ£Ⱥտʼǰˡ
֮½˵Ͼ죬ȻʮУȻھĵһǾŲݱأȺϢĽ֮У̫ˣڵһͱˣһһݲгɫԿףʮˣûһܹǫ̃
ʱһӰǾ·Զÿһɽ·һɿµţ֮ˣ׷ױÿ̼䣬˵ΧȻյΨһˣһһݣֱ¡
ԯ죡˵ĽŲͣĿ⿴ԯ죬ΪֹδһõԿף˿ԯ֣ܵ졣
ϣԯܹϾ죡ȺаǴʱϣԯøԶһЩֻǲлᣬԯ춼ֻܿ϶죬ôҪ
ԯ죬ǻᣬӵл֮Ѫսֲܿ˵ĿǴ˴һͽĶַ˵
ַ֪ǳЦ£ô᲻ʶԯ졣
ܿϼ죡Ŀⶢԯ죬ֻʱԯ嶯ˣȻһһݣʮʮݣʮδƬͣ£壬ֱվ˵ڶ֮ϡ
ȺĿһ̾һֻоһѪڹԯȻ£˵һľŲݱԽϣȻһһݣֱӵ˵ڶ졣
ʱԯ쳤費ֹ۲ϵıֲĴƴùͣ˵ڶϡ
ԯ춼ɵڶ죿Ⱥ΢΢һ𾪣ԯ춼ɵڶ죬ôǡ̫ˣһʸôѡ
޾Ⱥֻһ֣Ͳ֪Ҫ̭ˡ
ڣȺԯٴζˣѣʯ쾪ֲţȻȺ޷ܣһ綼ܹƲõ͸ղһһһݣԯ죬ֱӿ˵졣
Ⱥ˫ȭգһ̣û˵Ǿ죬ǶԯĶ
ˣȺɫһֻԯٴζˣԪ壬ʮʮȴȸղų˲֪٣ϵһ嶼͵Ļζ£һɿֲѪŶ·пֲѪ֣ڣϵ졣
𡭡һµХԯ³ѪĽŲٶһԽʮʮ졣
ֲѪֲ̫ˣȺͷ𺳣ǻ֮Ѫ϶һϹâ·ܡ
䡢䡢䣡ھ·ԯ˷·ܹܵ־ĶǣԯÿһǵıŲһ£ڣԯ˵һݣɫԿ״ֿɼȻ᲻죿
ԯĽŲٶ̧ȺĶĽŲ
Ծԯһֻ̤˵죬ȻֻŲδأֱ˻أԯͷһۡ
ǵ֮ˣûܹ죡Եŵ³һԯɫԿף漴âһʧ


1018 ƶΪ
̨ˣ˿ԯӰʧǰаһԿ׹Ȼ̨ܹͨȻÿһԿɫִͬź⣿Īɮ˵Ͼ죬ԽԽãô֪ǷԿ֮ϡ
ԯðԵûе죬Ȼ˵˶ֹ졣
ԯղǾ仰棬ܹԽ죬ļޣˣǿҲֻܿ죬˵ռ֮ء
ЩвȴòĿֲԯ˿£Ҫһͽϯλȴֹϣŵ˽Ųȴ˻ɼжô¡
ңԯ֮ǰ̨ûܹȥ
˿ãã˺Ϊܿ죬˳ٶӿ˳žȥһһ糱ˮӿݡ
ԯ֮⣬˵̨ˣȴֻõ˵һԿףֻܳΪ̨ϵĹͣɥʧ˳Ϊͽʸ
˵ڶˡˡҲ½֣˿̨ȴ˱쵯˻ȥǵһһֲ÷Զ漴Ŀϥʼƺȹ̷Ѫ
ʱ仺ĶȹȺ֮ƣ˰㲻ϵĳž죬Ȼϲ˳ɹֻ䵽Զȴֲ
ַǰȺ󷽵ȺԽԽˣǱġ
̧ͷһɫ˿̾ʱֻʣһʱˣǺ޾ȺУӦ֮˵̨ϵڶþͽʸˣɽ̨Ⱥİ
һǧɵݵģѾԶûǰ֮ƣԵΪϡ裬̨֮µȺȴ˿٣ΧţĿ˵ǰ̣Ϊͽƴһе
˵׷ѳɷħ֮ƣƣ˿ھ֮ơĿǰ̵ȺпһǴʦ˵һ죬γһһ죬죬ȴȺΪ֮񣡡
ģڴ̳ǿ츳ݣûз֮ʹγܵõַ֮˵ߣΪӣܻסĸΪ˷򣬲ػޣػ֮Ҳֻ쳤̾վڸ߿ոϣɱɱ裬Щ֮
Ŀַ㣬¶һĨЦ⣺ô᲻ЩʵΪǿʵֻܴܱ΢ĻţûϿԣ޷Լ֮£ôǰ̣ϵıɳȥоЩ⣡
׷ǿߵĵ·Ҳһܹɹģעֻмˣɱ̭
˵ĺܺãˣעҪ̭ĴڣȴСǰ̸ۡʱһӰݶĺַĿ΢΢Ƴ漴㿴᰺ǵ˵Ӱ
СĿĮȻΪ֮¹ڻ
ߵģܻһЩСΪǣҪʾԼĽ֮ˣ߱߸ĿһУǿǰϹϾɣûм͵֮ģӵвĳվҪΪЩ־֮ʵ;еĽݣǿߣ̤Щ˵ʬǰС
ַûпᰵһ˵Ļָ˭֪ᰵɫҲ̼һɺ⽫ַ֡
˵ûǿߵȷ̤˵ʬǰУȻڴʱ˵ĳѾˣ߹֮עܹվڸ߿գȻ֮ˣûκȣҪӵһĳɾͣͱؽʮٱŬĥѣȻˣʮٱĥȥΪ׹еһߣаĲҪʸȨҲΪЩ߹֮˵һԱֻǱӵĴڡ
Цػַ㡣
עڸ߿ոַЦ漴ָǵΪ൱ҳƽϼǧǸ߹ģô˵ظңȻˣһս𣿡
ţɫһַ㣬û뵽˾Ҷս
кβҡĻشʵһֱ츳ΪͬΪ֮شǧʱԱȡ
˿̣ߵһ֪˾ȻҶս⡣
ĺ᰷׷ÿǺַԶַ˱ĿȻǲϵõġ
ҵҪһ֮θҿڳԡǽŲһ磬Ѫһַɱȥʱ·ӰصͬӰַ㡣
ռ䷢һ¡¡죬Ӱÿصһαÿռһǿ
ַվǻȻδյгһƣַƻ̧𣬷·һȻ֮Ʊǣת
¡ַƺ䣬ʱΧȻ֮Ʒ·ȫֲۣһ죬羪װը̼䣬ǵһӵӰֱӱɿֲ֮շѹ÷飬ֱӻҷ
ɫһ¶һĨ֮ɫַôô
¡һ֮ᰳˣַסǡ
ֲƽϢĮַ㣬ϺţǺˣ
ֻеһԱղŲ˵߹֮˱ܸΪδ˿ȴǱַЦ˵ЩѸ֮߰ˣЩΪǣΪܹˣȴ֪ǽȱĹâӻĻһյ߳ȥ׾ܱĨɱԶɲֻеĻ䣬
죡һ
֮ˣҲƶΪȥĸ߷壬ܹܵ籩꣬ܵסʹĥɲЩֻ֪Դַ̣֮漴ͬΪıߣģǰȥ죡


1019 ͬ
᰿ַ뿪ɫ䣬ЩʱǹļΪ˳ַ㣬漴һ꣬Ⱥ֮Ҷ档
ֳһλָ꣬ǣң˵ΪҲǷǳĵͣһͨؾޡ
ҲƶΪҵҪܹϵһ컹ǵڶ졣Į˵ߣҲȥ졣
˵գ֮һ˸֮϶ȥ
ԶһӰߣЩ˿Լᰵ˳ݶȥΪ׵곤ۻӶ£ĺϼ˶Ҫˣּңܾ˺󡣡
˵գҲ
û뵽ϼ塢ϼԼϼ徹ҪͬݣҲȥմ֡ԶһȺӰò弫׳ʿ᰺춼ˣɼңˡ
ݣ˿ȺԽԽϡȻڴ˿̣Ӱ¿һ·ڿգ֮ϹĿֲѹ֮ƣֱӳϣٶȿ磬һһݣֻ˲ͣ㵽һݣٶȿ쵽˼ĵز
˭Ȼݵشѹȣһʱ̳֡Ⱥһвע⵽Ӱ
ģһӣѵַ૵ϲַ֮ѾΪַ֮ŭҪɱü룬һ˶ǰȥҪնɱᰣΪַ㸴
㿴Ǻ棬ǡȺɫ漴һͣĵԶͬһϣٶȼѸͣ籼ף˿ѷɫˣشǰԵô
滹У
ǿԶȻٶһֲʱ򣬾һЩҲһ죬Ѹ͡
ּң죡
ȤˣҡҡּңһˡЦΪǴҪͬǾ죬һˡ
ˣ㿴Ǻ档ʱ˵ȻȺע⵽ּ֮˵ĺ󷽣ˣϼ壡
ˣĺ룡
һľϼ壬ҲˣǺǰһĴңϼǳ⣬˲һǹʿϹޣϹֲ֮
ĴңҪǾһϸߵ͡Ⱥĳȣ˿˿ڴ֮⣬кϷˡ
ʱѾ쵽ˣԯ˵֮˻֮ˣܹԽˣҲֻ̤˵졣
˿Ĵһ£˭ܹӽԯĽŲҫ
Щ֮˵ʵҲȷǿֲһ·ʵûƬ̵ͣ٣ƽءо̾Ȼ֪ѾٴΣҲͬȴɱǹɿµĴѹȵôϢѣ֮¾͸оڷѹǿϢ޷ƽȣȻѵǾ졣
ܿ죬ǰӰ˾֮£վǣֻĳ˿ϢΪƽַ㵭Ȼû֮ˡ
ַƽģĿЦһ£˿̵Ѿף˶ַ㣬ֲţûǣַ㾹Ȼαװɳ֮ˣӵ˳ҵ꣬ⱳ壬ÿÿ뵽о𺳣ûмַʹùԼ꣡
Ҫʱ䣡˵ַ㣬ֻΪͶѣȱٵʱ䡣
Ǻһ֮˭ȻϢƽҲǸĽɫûϵַ㣬ַϢƽȶа̾ʲôǷȻҲһ죬ЩɻĲϲַ˪ôֺһһˣ
ַĵĿڿ·˸Ӱû뵽ȻȺĺַЩ졣
Ƕ˭ַʵ
ϼ죬ϼɰԡĻӦ˵ַĿ˸ԭˣӵܣû뵽Ȼһˡ
𣿡Ķַʵ
ȻǶˣȵǣһɡַ¶һĨЦ⣬ܿ죬Ҳ˾·ȶϢ¿Įɨĺַһۡ
ţһЩϼˣɰɼ֮ˣˡ
һ֮ϣű֮صĴҵȺһĻ˵
üϼҲڣǲǽ㡣ʱȺϼҲЩҵںĲǣģϼһĴ
ѵǱĵļҵ˶һǱһ˭ܹߵøߡɰԴЦһ
ɼ֮ˡɰ˵գ͵Ŀ˵һ졣
䡢䡢䡭һֲ̤֮âҫۣɰ̤ʮ˲Ϣϵڶ죬ûаϢţȫƾǿֲһɽ㣬˿
λĻһλɣɰԻعͷ˵Ⱥͷ鴤ļһϼ岻Ϲޣֲ̤ϵһоΪȴԯһʮֱӵڶ졣
ҪƶΪϣ˿ôվһҵҪܷϵڶ졣Į˵漴ĽŲ͵̤˵һ졣
Ʈ죬һ̤Ϊȹ̣شƿֲޱȣȵ̤ʮȻɰôѸ٣ƽȵĵ˵ڶ졣
ӰƮȻȻ󣬽ŲҲȥƮʮ磬ͬ˵ڶ졣
ȺĿȫַĵϡ
ֻʶһЦ漴Ųͬʱֲѹ֮٣Ŀ£Ŀɲϴæײһȵһһݣַ㣬ȺֻٶȲ죬ȴƺǳһ䴵ϣȴһƮƮĸоƺһ죬޷赲ǰС
ڶ죬練ƣַĵĽŲڵڶϣĿЦɨһۣ


1020 
ߣЦһŶеĵһݶѣкֵҫ֮ˣվԭα¶ܷ񵽴ĵھŲݶ⣡
ѣַЦϴżȻ֮˴ҪϾ죬ҲֻǵȻһЦδϣҽĿԴžܱȣԯֱ졣
ַķ֮ʱɫһɫѿǰ֪ĿֲΪԼܹ죬âҫۣȻԯ춼̤ϵʱȴֻ죬Ⱥ˾Ŀ£Ͼ죬ǲ֮¡
㾹˺棬ɰԵҲʶһɰԿЦ˵ɫԽѿɨַ㡣
ȻͬݣԷϻϰɣ֮վֻ֪ѿ֮ٶȷַ㣬漴ŲϿʵǵڶݡ
ַЦҡͷٶԣһֱŷȴѿ֮Ц
ƽǰУؼ֮ƣַЦ΢΢ͷ̵ַˣϣΪΣشƵѹǳɱģƫ̻κˣ˶ǹƽַش̣ܱ硣
һаԵȻ˿ȴôһУȲݣֻ֮һԯ죬ѪǿҲעóĿֲ˸ǿ
ɰԿݵٶ죬Եޱȣ˱ըԵĿֲŲ̤֮ʱݷ¡죬·Ҫܿ죬ȵڶĵھŲݣֻһɿϵ졣
᰼ͬʱַĲ󣬵ϸᷢ˶Ǽƽȣַ㣬ǿµѹ嶼δζһ¡
ھ쾲գǹش֮΢һƺ·̺֮ɣݴ֮֮ǰǿʢ࣬Ƕ֮Ƶ򣬴˿ڶصѹֲȻȴܹĵӦѹ
ܿ죬һ˶˵¶ˣǰһǵ졣
̧ͷַĿ͸ŷ֮âҪһԣϧɮʡ
ûɣ
ַĵʵ
û⣡΢΢ͷ漴ϣֲĹ⻪תԪ֮Ŷס᰺ҲһԪסǵĽŲȻԽ
䣡һɿ˺ݺݵѹ᰺ݺݵĻζţ˿ԪŭǽŲĶŵ棬ȵվסϵ졣
ãɰŭһ䶯һ죬˫ͬʱԾϣǺ¡һ֮ɰȶ
ϰɣַĿ⿴ģֻ΢΢ͷ漴ƮȻŵȥ̼䣬Ե쫷罫ĳ÷İ趯һŲ΢΢˶ȺҲһܿ죬ĵ
ˣЦһַ΢΢ͷ漴ĽŲֲͬϣȺֻоַᱻֲѹȥȻʧˣַ㣬ȻǼλһȵվ˵ϣɽ
Ȼˣᰳû뵽Ҳ졣
֮ˣȺĿⶢߣ֮⣬Ҳ죬˻ʵǶϡ
ҶΪأļ˰ɣᰶַĮ˵漴Ŀ⳯ϣһĨη֮ģһ̤ϷʵǶϡ
һ̣ļͬʱп̤ÿһĶǣǣ˵ģȺַⲻ֪˻мͣµʱǷַһ˵Ľ£ĻɫԿףֿɼȴûá
ҪȥȺͷһȺһȻҪϣ˴ǰȺܹϵˣԲ٣
֮ˣʱŹ󣬵վûе̣;䣬գֻ˵ͷϿաԪѪǿѪӶ
Ѫˣ
ͬѪ֮ţһѪ֮Ҫϣ̫ѡ
Ŀַһۣ漴ϣǿѪҲ£·̺˿µ
䣡·оը죬᰼ͬʱԽϣ̤죬һ̣ѹ·Ҫ˶飬ѹȵǾѣѪǹɿֲѪϧһжܹɿµ
Ųȵͣ˺Щʱ䣬ңڣһ죬ǵĽŲ£վ˵ϡ
𡭡ɰһ··һصתϣ·һǿʢ޿ƥУ᰸ӰԵ˵졣
ĵ츳ֻǿ˿̶ȫѪҲͬ˵졣
ҿ᰻عͷַ㡣
Ҫһˣ졢ᰡԼɰλ֮ˣ˭ܹ׷ԯĴ档
ȺаȻȴַ䵭ɨһۣûᣬŲƮȻԪת֮־ȫĸǹɿµشơ
䣡ַϵ˲䣬ֻоػǹɿµ·Ҫ˵ѹ壬һ̣˶ڵȴַ㱻Ȼ̰Ĳ֪ôҪǰУ˵еĵھŲݱˡ
ȻַֻĽŲһ䣬ȵ̤˵ϣûȺԤϵɳȥַ㣬վվ˵ϡ
ַתǻʵʵĿֲشƵѹҪ˺ѵ
վסˣȺɫһַ㣬һվסˣȻ˵죬Ҳһ㶣漴ɫַ̣㾹ȻǰУ˿̵죡
̫ˣû뵽ַܺͼλһĵ죡


1021 ַս
ַվǣĸ֮ƣ˿̵ˣ϶һɿֲⴵǵϣһǽģ·ֻҪһиͻᱻѹſ£ѪⱼѶ
޴ڽ˰ɣĮ˵漴ĽŲȻһ̤¡һ죬ĽŲϣʵľŲݣһһӡȻÿһ֮ǶͣƬ̣סΣסϢѪ⣬ڱɴѹ塣
ȥַ˵΢΢ͷ漴ҲȲϿȥһһӡ˿и
֮⣬λŶǰУȺ𺳣˵죬ǰ̤ϵĽӽԯ漣ˣڵ˼ޣ˵ѡ
¡¡Ĳ֮ȺĶĤУǵҲڣ˵ĽŲȫȵվסˣڵĵھŲݣȻǴ˿̻ýģҷһ˲䣬ֻҪһɣҪѹ
ߣŤͷĮĿַһۣɱ֮ˣҪȥ
Ȼȴڴʱַֻ¶һĨЦ⣬Цøа
ַĽŲһһݣɽ壬û˿ҡ
ţȺɫһȻǻδüζȴַһŲղŵԯһһһݣֱƽеһ֮ϣȺһͣ
ôܣһ֮ˣȻҲˣȺͷޱȣӦѾǵļˣȻַ㣬ȻҲˡ
𣿡ַ㵭ɨһۣоǳɫ࣬о޷ܣ֪Լ˼ˣˣҲߵļ֮أоѽܡ
Ǻǣ˭ϣɰſһЦȺͷȻһɰԣҪȥҪ̤ϵ죬ԯһ
̤ȥ޷󣬻һգԼأ䵭˵һ
£漴ĽŲ΢΢磬̤ǵ죬͵һΣ漴ĽŲ˲ϢԽ岻ȵһЩֲɳȥ
ȥ쵭˵׼ȥˡ
ǺǣȻǲȥȥ档ɰĿ⿴ϿգŲȻ䳯ŵȥ
𣡡ֲѹȣɰŭһѿ¶һֲļ⣬ǳಲϣȻһֲ·תݣޱǿ
¡
һ𺳵촫ɰԵվֲѹ֮嶼ѹȵóѪƣ
𣡡ɰŭ𣬺¡¡𺳲ĽŲһʵǶȥÿһǧϥǶѾѹȵ
Ȼǹɲ֮ʹǰУգɰ̤˵ĵھŲݣһöɫԿף漴â˸ʧ
ɹˣɰԳɹˣȺ˿̸оĳȣһĻġ
ҲĿһĻĿ˸
ǿˡַ䳰һ
죬ҲվͬһλöѣΣվϣĵ
ַЦ£漴һɿֲѪʼڷݣԪħ֮Ѫ֮鲼ȫ
Ųһ磬ַ㳯ŵȥһĻ˵Ӳ֮ˣҪ죿
Ψ˿û𾪣·һнԶԤϵУַ㣬һߵĸԶ
¡ַĽŲȵ̤˵ϣµѹ·Ҫ嶼ѹȻֲͬʱţס
ͣ˼룬ȺĿɴͣȴַعͷᰡ
̤ϾһһֱӷңϣԶԶ㣬Ȼϴ˿վͷȴֻң֪˿̵Щʲô
ַᰵ˵ƽȻȴȺסˣᰣ˿̻ʲô
ûֻ֪Լ֪Լʲôɸо޷š
νĸ߸ϲԼΪҸղűѾ˵Ϊ֮׿˼壬֪ģ֮£һֱȡ裬Ϊϣϲ磡
ַһֱַΪϣᰣϲ磿
¡һµ˻ַֻĽŲݿȥһһһɽ㣬ϵŵ棬ȺĿע£ַ㣬˵һݣɫùâԿףֿɼ
û뵽һ֮ȻԯԼɰһõԿף
Ⱥֻоͷ˾޴Ĳԯ£Ҳˡ
˫ȭգֻоܵ˾޴衣
̨𣿡ĶַЦһ
ַ΢΢ҡҡͷЩɻ漴ַԯ˵֮ʱ˽ֹڴˣȻ츳ֲδ̫ԡ
ʲô
ַĻʱȺɫȻһַ㣬ҪԽԯ죬̤ϵ죡
Ѱ·᰷һ
죡ַһɫĮĵȡ֮ˣʲôʸ˵㲻䣡
ɫ͵һַ䣿
п̣ɰΪսԼļޣ䲻֮죬Կףվϣܲսַ˵𺳣˸оѪڡ
漴𺳵Ŀע£ַһϿ˳ȥ
¡˴ַϣñֱַ͵Ļζ£·һѹҪõϥǶȥ·Ҫڵϡ
֮ˣģ־սдƣҪѹˣΪʿ˺һγû֮ƣܱѹ壬ѹңұս죡
ַͷ̧ͷ죬Ŀ⵱з·һƿա
ɱ
ַŭһϥͦվñֱΰȻİᰵİַǰ΢СΪǵİ


1022 ǿƵ
ѹңұս죡
ѪȺлص֮ˣעһ̱ҫҪս̤ԯ漣˵죬ԯ̽ԵĿϵʱ򣬶ȴˣµȺ޵ĻȻַ㣬⼫ޡ
Сյýģַ͸һƽ֮ɫַ㽻̸ַܹܵеĲ֮⣬־ļͣ˿̣ͦñֱҪشս
֮ˣһɫѿ˿̰Ȼַ㣬ȴоʮѿᰣɫ΢Щϣеϣ֮Խԯϵ졣
ַ쳤ХŭֲѪķħԪתݣ־֣ͬһʱŶͬʱַסʯĸشƣֲĴƶ
䣡ַһ˳ȥȵվסȺġ
˭˵ַѰ·ϣڲϵĺݿȥ
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䡢䡢䡭һȺĿע£ַ㵽˵ĵھŲݣ֮ףֿɼֻҪԸ⣬ǫ̃
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ĵϵЦݴ˿̸ĲãǱӰΪַˣΪԺ
֮ףˣǳЦ£õ̹֮ףַ㣬ֿ֮ɵˣУȴֻϲá
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ĵҲ£һ϶±㼫Ѹıˣϲַ㣬ϲ˿ļ˼Ǩģ
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ַ㣿ȺĿҲһַ㲻𣬴˻ַ㣿ȵȣĲϲַ𣬽ôֺǶΪɷ̨
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ռһĬӰҲͣ¡
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㾹Ȼû֮ˣѵҲ㣿ᰱĶַ㣬ǳ֮ˣ֮ˡ
һӵֻ˳ʬѣ齫ƣַ˵һ
㾹ȻаֶΡ᰺ȻַĻַ㣬ֻҲȻΪַ㲻ӵгҵ꣬ʬ壬ȫǺġ
аᰡǣҵ֮ʱжңȻȴߣϣڣǻΪԼҵʸ𣿡ַ˵һ漴ûڿˡ
ĿתأٶϿգǵ졣
ַĶȺٶһҪˣַ㣬Ҫǵ졣
֮ˣܱѹ壡ַ˵漴ĽŲٶȿ˳ȥ̤˵죡
𡢺𡭡ֲޱȵشһ̽٣촫ޱȼӲݷ·𶼳Ѻۣѹ
¡
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ϥǳŵ棬ѪڷȺ֮ںХ죬ѪħħԪ־һ̣شƾϵĲ֮ƵУΪ֮ơ
졢أģ޷죡
죬شƣվҲҪΪã
ǣ
ַ˫վñֱһվϣֲ֮ƳشƲƣͬʱֲشƽڣΪ֮ãΪơ
شƣΪãΪãַХ̼سһз籩·شƣַͷȥȻһȴǺַ㣬ǣΪã
䣡ַĽŲǿ˳ȥ籩Ƶ̺ԪַϢڱǿַ㣬ƶΪƣΪ˳ƣɱ䣡


1023 
ֲֲ̫ˣ
Ⱥ˿̵ľԸӣַ㣬ƻΪ˳ƣ֮ƣ֮ƣľ磬Ԫ֮뵽شƵķ籩УַڣһĻʵ̫𺳡
¡һµһεĲ˷·þĹĻ΢΢£ַڲɱ䣬ڿ粽ǿֲƲûѹף
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˿̵ַ㣬̫âҫˣδɷԯ죬Ϊ֮ǿ֮һ˵죬õ֮ףȻַ㣬ԯ漣˵죬񣬸ǿ˵죬ֹˣشƲûַܹѹΪַַ㾳ɱ䣬·һֻѵһַܹ𺳵̬ɱ䣬ž޴ĺô
䡢䣡ַǰ̤յǹɿйַ嵱Уͬඥ
䣡һɿµϢַţϢɱˣأǿƵ֮ɱΪֽ̬̫𺳡
ȻˣأأȺɫӲû뵽ԣֲ̫ˣһַսж£
յУɮһֱǿ·һУַΪƽҲ¶Щ̾Цݣַ㣬̾꼶Ϊܹһ̫ܿɹˣѹֶʦֶΪء
һһݣַ꣬㣬̤ľأΪҲڽĲúٶȿԽ
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𣿡һ̣ȺȻûȻΪַͣ£ǵĵһӦȻǣַ㣬ϣǵڰ
Ŀַ㣬ЩڴڴǲӰȥǵڰ죡
ƶϣأһƳΪ˳ƣҵΪһ㣬ؾɼҪ֮־Ҫʵ۷壬ΨвȥȥһУǿϢߣؿս
ַͷϿգһĨЦ⣬һûκεԥһ͵Ŀ˳ȥϣڰ죡
ѣصѹ·һεľ޴ƣӡ޿ɱܣַƺһѪÿһıţ·Ҫѵ屬ѣΪǿǹѹ֮Ȼıøֲңǵڰ죡
ȻַǣɴЦݣЦսЦ
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֮ˣضѹ˭ѹ壡Ⱥипζδ뵽ͽڻȡΪͽʸһ׶Σǿҵ𺳵ӵܣԯ죬Ȼַ㣬бϳ׷ɱߡ
ˣ˿ַĽŲ֮ϿȥѾоЩľˣǰַϵʱ򻹾ԣ˿ַڰ̤ȴûаǸо⣬·һУͱˡ
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ˣڰ죬Ȼˡ
ַЯֲ֮ƽٵڰھŲݵʱȺѾ޷еַ붼飬ԯ촴µ漣ԯԶԶ˦ڰĵھŲݣӵеģǰ֮ס
֮ףֻҪַԸ⣬ֱõڰԿף֪ܵõʲôô
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ǵĿ⣬˵ھϣַ㣬᲻ھ죿
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̫ðգַ㣬һȥ̤ھ졣
ҪҪԣյУһֱĬĿɮˣȺһʦַ𾪵ˣַҪҪھ졣
ʧܣ޷ֿƣһУΪӰͬˮ£ɮ˵ַ˵ͷʾס
Ҫԣַڿڣɮ£漴Цŵ˵ͷҪԣȻǿ
ھ죬׻жôĿֲַ㾹ȻҪȥ֪ܷܵˣ
Ⱥʼ²⣬ַ̤Ͼʱ򣬻һΣᷢʲô
ʱַֻͷϿǵھ죬ĿȻһҪȥھ죬һǧݵŲ㣬Ǿͷ̨ܷ֮
̧ţ̼侾˵ģַĽŲڿ˳ȥ
ˣ
ȺַĽŲ漴ǵ·ֹͣ·ҪϢǵĿⶼĶַ㣬ֻʱַҲĬһһֻţѾ˵ھ졣
ţַɫһûѹھ죬ûκεѹ
Ųһ磬ַ˵ھ죬׾٣ƽء
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ɮ˵ȺһĿͣԭеĲһھ죬ѹȣҫַ㣬˾죬ƿ֮ף


1024 ̨֮
죬ҫ
Ⱥ̧ͷվߴַ㣬Ϊƽ
˴ʯʺͽʢ䶯˻ľ֮ظǷӿǰǿ
Ҳ˵֮Լӣ˵˻ľУ֮Ҳ֮˶ǿ߼٣˶ֻܿǰ죬ܹ첢õ̹֮׵֮٣̤ϵõ֮׵˸ǲ˶ѣˣϹ޼ŵɰԣԼߺԯ졣
ȻΪܹԽǶ֮ʱ˿ȴһˣΪ֮ȴ죬䲻֮ϵأս֮ĿϵأƻΪ˳ƣ֮ƶΪ֮ͷ죬գη֮ģǵھ졣
ˣԭΪַ֪㣬Ƿĵϲ֪ȻһΣʯʺͽ֮ʣ̤Ͼ죬ַ֮ȻҪ鱱֮ˡ
ַɮĽͣ¶һĨЦ⣬ſɮ΢΢ַң̤Ͼ죡
ƾʵ֮־ս֮ǿԡԼһǰη֮ģɿϾ죬֮˵ˣʱѾ̨࣬ɡɮַЦ˵
ַ˵ͷ漴Ŀתǵ죬ǶЦ£Ŀ̣˿ַЦݵȫǷ֮⣬ѿ
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ַ建תǾǰ֮ף֮͸ŽɫĹ⻪
ɮ˵ԽԿԽãϾõ֮ף֪ʲôϲ
ַ֣㽫֮У̼䣬һƽɫʹ⽫֣·û嵱У漴ֻоζһ̣ԼѾһط
һ俪Ʈ֮أΧĴȺ
Ŀתַ㳯ǿ֮صıԵȥֻɮյУ·ǾԼһǧݣϾ죬Ȼ̨
ַĿһȥһƬƮ֮أǰһ޼ʵĿ֮⣬һͷĺ嫿·ݻҪĴԣɢŷֲһ翣ޡ
ɾ㣬·ǰʴס칬ޱȵϡ
̨֮أַ૵һʣ֪ӵĺͨжǿûһǧɵݣֲ̨õģֻܹ̤Ǵ˴ʯʺͽ̨ſ
ЩȺͨݣ̤˾õе֮׵Ⱥ˿ȴİڸԵλãų̂ʯʺʵĵ̣û˸͸ŵĶŨŨľη֮ģҪģֻǵȴѣȴͽˡ
˿ַ̣㷢ƺЩԾΪ˵Ŀ⣬
֣ԼڵλãȻȺǰеλã·֮λ
ߵģֻˣǷֱǣԯ죬Լɰԡ
£вһЩȺУȻġ죬ԼС
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˱ҲˣֻһƽѣȻڣȻһˣǰȻԷھϣñߡ
㣡ԯɫĮȻǵַ㣬ڽ֮׵ϣң˺ͷƺһЩΪ֪飬еһ¿ռ䣬֪õʲô
ּˡַԯһЦ
û뵽Ͽ˵죬ңΪأأУõʲôԯĵΪַܹϵ죬Ϊ󾳽磬һеõ˱
˭ҿ˵ģַЦ£õʲô˲Ҳǰ˵𣿡
ȻšԯһûϵõʲôԻȡ̤˵ڼ죬Һθɣ۵ڼ죬Ϊϡ
˵գԯվϢ䣬ȻҪַ㶯֡
£һĴԯɫһ漴̧ͷеӰɫĮ
ԭˣȻĺ֡
̨֮ϣòҪ⣬ϣԼγϡĮ˵һ
ԯҺᣬӵл֮Ѫ֮أͬ޵У϶㼴㿴ңҲؿҡԯ˵
Ǻ˺ᣬӵкεѪֻ֪㲻ǿ˵ѣ˾죬ʲôʸϣֱ˵һԽԯ죬Խǲϲ̫ưĿˣ˭ǿģΪܽ˲ڽ£СģӱΪϡ
ھ죡ԯɫһַâţԯ죬̨֮ϵȫһھ죬ˣȻ˾죡
㽫ϣΪΪ˸߶ѣô˵ʱԼγϣǰǣĵԯһ


1025 ʮһ
ԯźŭĿӣ˴ԣǳˬһգȡֵλãΪӣ֣Ϊ̤ʯ
ֿԯеĺ⣬䵭˵㲻ò˴ͽһֵĿˣΪȻѸ߰ΪϣԻ֤Լ߰Ļᣬʱ˭Ȼ֪
ȺɫһʯʺյһͽȻԾοˣǽ˼λ״ӣɼǵΣȻǺεȵĴڣǲκ¶Ϊ
Һڴԯ˵
Ŀתûٿ΢գȴŵݵĽʱһ㿪ʼĿˡ
֮һЩ˵ݣ̨֮ϣȻȴûܹ죬Ѿ˵ļˡ
ʦ֣ʱԶĿɮߺһ˹ȻѾݹرգ⣬ӴһЩǰ֮ˡ
סɮ΢΢ͷЩݵȺһۣЩȻɺܶ࣬עҪ̭һ˴ʦյһͽֻհʮһλ
รɣɮȺЦ漴ת
ֿһۣ˵λлΪͽ
ֵĻ£ʱɫһл᣿ֻϵһˣûгΪͽʸ
˴λʦյһͽ֮ˣֻհʮһˣǣֻǵһͽ̤˾õ֮ˣԿ̨ǰʱ䣬ʦһͽǣȿǣˣλ١ֽһ
ȺĿ΢¶һĨϲ֮ɫԭˣǾȻ⣬ܹϾˣ츳Ƿ֮ˣʧȥ˳ΪʵһͽʸȴлΪͽЩʧ䣬ҲǱϲ
˶ԣ̨ܹ֮ϣһҫ
⣬̤˵ڶԼ֮ˣоҲ̭ʧȥΪһͽʸҲһ̨һ𣬳Ϊһͽ
ٶ˵һЩȴûϲ֮⣬ϾǺ̤һ˲̤ͬһѾʧȥ˳ΪһͽĻᣬܹ˶ΣҲΪˣǣȴлһͽϯλȻԸⱻ̭Щֻ̤ϵһһƽƽ
οܹ̤ϵڶˣѾ츳ˣеǴӵܣԸΪʧߣΪͨͽ
̤˵ڶ죬Լ֮ˣɣֻ˵漴ת̨ȥ
Ⱥ׷̧ŲϺ֣˿Ƕڲ²⣬֪νһֿˣʲôˡ
ֵĽŲ죬ΪԣĽŲѾǼˣȻ̤ɹ̨ų̂ǹһ嫵ĹƮֻ֮о泩
ƻֺ꣬Щ֪סˡȺԵĺ嫹˵
ЩסղЩˣԼб̭֮ˡȺеӦ˵ֻҪΪͽ̨ЩԶǵģһһ
һһ
ȺɫһͨͽҲ̨ӵһǺҫۡ
ַ㣬оȣѹôҪΪͽݣһҫ
֮һǧɵݽͨ磬̨쾳ͨӴ˲ٹرգ쾳ǵˣܹͽҫǵĳʥ֮ءֻڣΪԺλʦֱʣνǳ֮
쾳ǱǱ֮ĳǳأȻȵ̨ͬ쾳ǣΪľԺĵ򣬶̨Ϊʥ֮أ˶Ĥݣ٣ΪʦеԺ
һ˼ǰУԶƮ죬Уƺһݣ֡
֮ϣһʵĹȺУƯĹɹһ
𡣡ʱָָԶƮɾùһ·յƮ££Զ·һһ
ǰｫ˾ס˿ʵ
ĹаʮһֻӦһʱȺһâһͽеͽаʮһˣõĹаʮһ
ңʮһвͬǽݰʮһλͽλǰߣȻõĹֵĻȺгһѪﶼоʯʺյһͽͽʮһλһһλ
ԯ죬ԣҪһͽϯλ
ԯһֻۣ˿̵ĿоǷ֮âһͽ֮λģֻõ𹬵
ڵǾʱ򣬾ֱӵо֮ף³ΪİʮһλеһλЩɫ֮ͬףӰǵԼӵһ
ֵĻȺһЩԿ׾ôôַ㣬˵ھ죬Ϊʮһеһλѵֱλһõ𹬵ɣ
ԯĿȻ俴ַ㣬͸һĨɱ⣡
˴˿ַ̿Ŀⶼ͸Ų֮⣬Щ˵ˣһҪַֹΪͽĻʮһ˵УûǾܵõһЩĹ
ַЩģĻǽƵ˷
Ц£Ҳ֪Ǻ⣬֮ǰְΣӦƫŶԣԯʱ򣬺ֻΪ˵
ʮһʦԲ£ǺΪ֮ЦˣһȺиڴޱȣ


1026 
ʱֵĽŲͣĺ嫽Ⱥȥ
ˣǰֿ˵漴Ųǰһ磬򿪣
Ⱥͷɻ󣬾Ȼǵһ֪һֵĿ˵ʲô
ǧ֮ڣ׷̤УֻĿݻȴâ䡣
Ⱥ̤빬ɲǣȺʱ¶֮âֻ棬һͼЩͼǼĲһȻĶһЩֶͨ
ɣֿУȺ߽֮ĻڿƺƿĿ⡣
λʦֵʱǰд֮أżһЩͨԱȻʥƵ̻ǽ֮ϣ˿̣Ҵǽϸϸһ
ȺĿ΢ԭˣȻǺʦֵ̻ܿͨѹֻһ۱Ǹоǳ£ֵʵǿʹõͨ¶ǲֵܹǿ̻ģһЩֶΡ
һʱʱ䣬ЩֶΣؼסҪסʱУҪʹԼֻ̣ӳǿӣסҵĻ
ֶȺ˵˷׷׵ͷ
һ㣬ʱڣκεʱ֮һǻᣬ˭ϣʹս˲ҵĻһὫֱӴ̨̨ȥ
˵գ˸ʧֱ뿪⹬Ⱥʱʱ䡣
ʱʹսȺֵĻһЩΪƫˣоЩţսĻǿ϶ҪԿġ
ַߣʵַ㣬˵Ǻ⣿
ַҡҡͷִ֮ˣȻһֿôȻʧ֮£ֻҪĻԣʱ֮ڣǽϿ̻ͨʹԼսǿ󡣡
ҲôΪ˴ʯʺʵһͽ˵ǽ״ӣҲõģĵͷ˵
ȥѡΪֶͨɣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôܵźֵĻַĿ⿪ʼǽܿ죬Ŀ⿪ʼһ·֮ϡ
һ·ǳ򵥣ƺһָ·϶ˣ̻һָ·Ҫա
ַ㿴ָʱֻоһǿҪǽгңַ·У·ܵյ
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ַĿ⽫Ǹָסĵͷʾ⣬漴㳯Ǳȥ
ϲ޽ͨһָ·Ҫָ죬ӵн֮֮⣬ͬʱ·һ֮ϰΪʡַаһȻѡһ·㽫֮ǿ
ʯ֮ǰַϥ׼
ϼ̤˵ھ죬ɱ΢ֻѡΪ򵥵ֶкáһַ֮Ŀһ漴Ա߿ȥü᰾Ա߲Զѡһط
᰿ַʥԼһָ̫ˣһ׹ֶָϼ岻֪ж٣м
̤Ͼ죡ַ㿴һۣ΢΢𣬵ĮЦ£漴ƿĿûٿһۣûпʲôΪԼ̤˾ЩŤѡ
᰿ַĶЦݶʱӲӣַǶӡ
һĺѿ֪νϡ뵽ʱ֮սϲɵ¶һĨõЦݡ
ַĿǽڣʱҵ״̬ȫС
ʱַͫ׽·Լͼ·𽥽ӡ뵽ԺУ۾Ҳıϡ
ԺУһӡᣬһõָ֣ƮȻ䣬Ǹָǰƿնſµķ̳֮
ָ
ַͷ΢һָŵɲǣ·͸յУӵյһγ֣ҪֱӽĨɱ
ַһȻǱУо·ӡ֮ʹһָƿգֱӴɱɱΡ
֮ˣܹӴյ
ַУĸһʥ֮
ԺУһĻϵ֣ȻַȻǿ󣬵˵ҪʱյӳָҲܡ
֪У껺ķһĨߵ磬ٶȳ
һĨ·ӡ뵽굱У굱󣬳֣ÿһʻյʥƵĹ켣ȫȫĳ֡
ַݺݵһ꣬ʥǰȻûз֣꾹ֶͨΡ
ǰΪֻܽʯԼħʯȱﻹԭ˿̣꣬ʥֶΣܹճ
ͷ΢΢ʥƶܹ֣ôԺʥƵҲü򵥺ܶࣿ
ַܿͽͷĲƽϢʥƵУ˿ʥƷ·ʿ켣ַƷ·һָֻ·赽Ϥ͸űĪ֮С
תۼ䣬һʱȥַֹͣ¶һĨЦ⡣
û뵽껹áַЦøĲãǰȻûзָ֮ӵʥƣͨɺܿһԺκεֶͨζܶࡣ
Ե᰿һۣɻУҲڣȻźֵĻ
ʱһֶͨΡַЦ˵漴Ŀٶ


1027 ˭
ĿɨŴǽϵһȻԼŵ·ǱȻ·ӡǼΪЩʯڣźֵ״д֮ʱµľ衣
Щ棬Ŀ֮Сַ㾪̾һ裬ǱȻ·µľ裬һȥ̹ƺҪУʲôҪȥϰһ
ϥһַûѡȥһֶͨΣͷԼ꣬涼ӡУ̼䣬ǻߵ磬·һӰڲϵ˸ţֲǿͨ
ָֻ֮֮⣬ʱŷѹһУʱ֮ԨһɹɾĶǵĻַԺг֣ƺڻԭһĳЩ״ʹǽͨʱĳ
̫ˡַԽԽ𺳣꣬һηܹԭǿıճеħʯķħܻԭʥƣʥƵ켣Ļֳӡ뵽굱С
˿ַַ̣֣ܻ꣬ԭ棬·ȻܻЩǿͷЩǿ󹥻Ļ泡ܻ
ÿһֶζ֮ʣ֮ƣܣ̫ǿˡַ㶢û澪̾
Ȼַеʱӵͻأ𣬽ַ漴˳ľ磬ԭܻЩǽʱΣĸоݣƺֻǹһ˲䣬Ȼ⿴Ƭ̵ĹʵѾȥһʱ
˶˽Ψ㾹ȻܰĲ֪ʲôʱѾַˣַЦ˵һ·ȴ˰㣬ȫԼ統Уᰵ˻Ķûио
̫ˣû뵽͹ȥһʱ𡣡ַЦҡҡͷȷûԤϵտʼĴ꣬ٶһֶͨΡ
㵹Уȴ֪Ҫ㵱ΡһʱᰵʱʱĳͶĺâᰵ⻹һЩ˶ˣǣϣ̤ϹַΪͽ˾ıֶõй
ڴʱУһӰ˸ӰȻֻؽ֡
ʱѾˡֶ˿˵Ҹʱһֶͨεǿһֶսʹκֶʹ֮Ǹղ֮ͨͨȫ׼ʹá
˻ȺĿʱһֻ׼ʹõֶΣһֿڿԡ
ֶΣΪβʹã˿ʵ츳˶ǳڴӵǿ꣬Ȼϣܹʹս
̫ƾǿݣǿվзӲõʱ򣬾ͱǵǾ죬գǿǱܣοǿƽֶĻʹսֻ֪ʹ򲻶˻ˣȻһʱܹ⣬ɾվޣ̨֮ϣҪͽֻһʱŶѣʵ򲻹Ƿϲġ
ֵĮ˵ʱ͵͵ĵͷ­оǳ˵û̫ս֮ʱֻ֪꣬кǻΪţںУֻǷѡ
ˣΪ˭ϣ͵ߣֻҪܽԷ䵹ұ㽫ֵ̭˵һʱһôѵĲ˼ΪˣǱҪ̭
˵˸һЩΪǰЦЩеϣ̭Ϊǵĵʯ
һȺˣ˲ַĵǰ͸һЦ⡣
ͽѡȻǹƽģϰߣעҪ̭ġᰶַһЦѡͽѡʵǿģһַ㣬עҪˡ
Ҫؾַ㣬һս
ѡǵ𣿡ֶ˵Ⱥ̧ͷЩΪǿ˴˿϶͸ŨŨЦ⣬ˣ
ܺãôڣմþɣֵҲ¶һĨЦ⣬漴ͻأųһĨµĹ⻪ŴеȺȥ̼佫嫵ĴС
ȺͫȻ£ǸоΧĳѸٵı任ţ˿̵ǣѾվһУȻһƬռ䡣
ѩɽƬضеѩףյƮŵѩһƬɽ֮أ˲̤ɽ֮ϣѩУվããѩɽ֮䣬ЩˣȫǴеȺ
һƬռ䣬ȻһƬռ䣡ȺɫͲһ£ֻ̼䣬ǵһƬռ䡣
ˣǱɱˣƬþ֮⣬Ҳζţ̭Եͽ
յУһǺֵƬռУ˲
һᰴ˿վһѩɽ֮ϣԼˣǰУȻַԼģҪնɱڴ˵صģû뵽ȴɱ
Ǹˣ˵Ϊһģȫѹһؾ磬ЩӱΪϵˣʵ֤ǵĻɣЩ˵ϵˣǵĽǵˣǣǹƽ磬ڣҿ˭ϣ
ֵĻ£ַϣ¶һĨõЦݡ
᰽ıɫֻоޱ泩ǹƽ磬˵Ϊһһأ
˭ϣ


1028 ̤
סҵĻڣֻʹøղڴֶս֮⣬κֶζ׼ãԼѪҽǳȥֵĮ˵һ
ֵĻ󶼿ʼԼΪȻеȫѹһؾ
˵һУѡһͨ˶ԣǹƽģȻֽȺմþ棬˵ΪѹͬȾ磬ȺֻʹԼղŶʱõֶͨΡ
Ϊơƣ似ƣһȫȻ޴棬֣һƽսЩҳӵеһ̱ĨȥΪϣȻеϣӵ˷Ļᡣ
ҰȺа̾־ȻôѡˣǹƽĻþЩӵǿѪ˱̭Ҳϧ
˵ѹƲʹ꣬Ѫش裬ΪҲҪѵѪ츳һ𡣡˵̫ˣеƣȫȻ޴档
ǲΪ𣬼ȻôΪȻӵڶԷܱȶԷĺãʲôʸӱˣҾ͸һ֤ԼĻᡣɵĮƽĵʯʺλʦͽֻҪʦأȱǿֶͨ𣿻ȱӵйδйѪܣ
ѪܹܣȺֵĻͷʣֻҪԸ⣬ԴЩӵӵеһиͽԣҪǣԭʼ츳Ȼ˼ӵǿѪǿ꣬ȥЩɻţȻá
ˣʼɡֲٶԣһվڸ߿գˣ˭Υ
ղ˵ûͽѡȻǹƽģϣעҪ̭ġַ㿴ᰣղǾ仰˶Է漴ĽŲĳǰûκεԥ
᰺ܾˣ˫ѹΪںԷϼνźɱմþУΪͽĻᣬָоһǳɣһֱ߰ޱӵ̬۱ȥֻܵĴˡ
ֻһָѣ㱻ѹΪǰɻϡϵϢţֻһصϢղڴһƷĪ⣬޷ȫ裬ʱҲһ˿Ʒĵϡ
ϣҪͷϣ±ϼ̤ζַϺЦŲһ磬ֱӳ᰿Խȥ
˫趯·ڵ޽ӡ·һʥӡתĿֲ촫֮
ˮ֮ǵһ̶ȣݻһУ֮Į˵ӡԽԽ죬죬ɽŭХһҪݣûκֵܹ
ɱŭХһֲĿ죬޼᲻ַ֮ȥ
ֱײַ࣡㿴᰽µͨʹóȴֻ񣬸ûиζ
ǣ򵥵һƳкݺݵ˳ȥعһײ֮ϣ漴ˮ˵ַһ̺ſµĴ֮·ΧȻȡ̼Уһ˲䱬ޱȿµ
Ȼ֮ɲ֮ơ
ɫȻŭĿȻƣ˹
ŲȻٶѾǰٶȣֲ˳˲Ϣ׷ϣϣ͵ƺһ
磡Ǻһȴâַ˲䵽ˡ
ҽףϼ̤ζ
¡
ַһƺ˳ȥ·һյ᰻ݺݵս͵һѪ
пƶΪţȵģַŲ͵ĳ׹ͷ̤ȥΧȺһĿַͣ㣬ҪĽż̤ᰡ
֣ǶŽһӲɫһ漴͵ĳַȥΪֲϢѾ١
ɱ
ַŭһһָֻ֮⣬в£漴һǰɱ
ˣһ޼᲻ݵָâţȻ˲Ϣʧýɫһ
͡͡һµϢڽü֮ǰýɫȻ޼᲻ݵָâ·Խն
ͣûκε⣬޼᲻ݵָâ͸üͷ͵ʧһƬմþ˲ȻһָȥζŽͽ֮С
ַҲǰڼţ䳰ȷȴһЦַ֮Į³һԵǵɫӲĿĶŴ˿̰Եַ㣬ɫѿ
¡
һ촫ַֻĽŲ̤ᰵͷϣᰵ͵һ³Ѫ˿˵Σģʹ
һһֱӵýż̤ͷϣ裬˭ܹ⣬һ̵᰺޲ýַʬΡ
߸ϵ㣬еϼ̤ͷϣ֪Ǻθ룡ַһЦ¡һַĽٶ̤ᰵͷѪ£Ѿַ̤ѩϣ°ȥ
ַ˫ȣ̤ͷ
Щڼţ̤ʱжôı΢
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һɿԵϢţᰵ屻ֱѹѩУ漴ַƮȻɫƽĮ


1029 սԯ
ʱԵַ㣬ͷ鴤һȻҪƶΪϼŶŰý̤
⹫ƽĻþУַ׾ŰᰣҲ֤һ£ͬĻַȷñ᰺̵ֻ̫ǼһУĻΪδ˿ȴ˵Ĳһ£ܿԭʼ츳
ϣҵҪ˭ϣ·ַΪȺŭȳЩΪϵɱȥ
䡣ᰵӰӵص׳˳Źŭַȥ
ȥַתһƴѹȶ£һ죬ᰵ͵£һα䵽ϡ
𣡡ŭһַĿĮĶôͽעԵˡ
¡һַָָдɱ͸ᰵԴ̼᰻һ漴ʧƬռ䵱Уһ˱ַĨɱȥΪͽʸ
㡭ɫѿĿĶַ㣬ᰳΪͽʸַȥˡ
ңЩڼŵ֮ˣڰȥ⻷֮ʵôĲַŲ̤ȥĵǣڻĵ֮ϣ㱻ū裬Ҿҵıʲô裬ϵ׷ɱ
ɫѿȴԱ粵дֻǸûнַ㵱һ£⴦ã軹ĨɱǵУַֻǸ΢
УǸ߸ϵ֮ˣֻǸϣͻҲ̰ͼò̰ͼҵȻںһϣϾȹҲһ
ַЦ˵Ҳȷ뷨˿ַ̱ҴȴԵøѿӵϣ˿Ҫǡ
ΣվϣѵΪܹСʱһİԵ֮һӰǵԣȻԯ졣
ǿԯʱ¶һĨЦݣҲ˿
ԯ죬ڱ֮ؼʢ֮ᣬ֮˴ƶһͽ֮λ㱻һƣҲȻܹսʤַ㡣
УҪȥסַ㵭ĮĿԯ죬Įĵ
ҵҪһܽϾֻʲôر𣡡ԯȻ˵˵Ŀײһ֮ڿռ䵱С
ˣһɿֲַ֮ԯŶҪսˡ
˵ĿͶһƶΪǿƹ죬᰺մþһλǱ֮ؼʢԯ죬˵ײΣ
յУ·һεַϣ·ȻϢǺϡ
ַܹƶΪǿ̤죬شƹڣشƵùȻֲȺ˿̵ַ㲢δͷԪϢ֮ܵѾڿʼХˣ·Ѿ뵽صС
ԯɫĮЦ£漴΢΢£̼䣬оһĹ⻪ƣ·һһܹص
ԯ죬֮ѪȺĿַ̣ͨȻ֮ƣԯ죬ӵһƿһٶǣص
ҿϣܲƶΪԯĮ³һ漴ĽŲȻԽһֱӳַӡȥûκεֻͨǰԵռݺݵһ
ȵѹ֮Ƴַַɫһ䣬ͬһ˳ȥһƣ˳ȥ
¡µķŰռŭХ֮Ʒ·ҪһУײշ·Ҫըѿһɹɿµ쫷˵Χŭ
ÿµƣһؾܹ֮Ⱥɫһ˶ַֻʵƫԯѾ𱱻ġ
ǽ˶ѣҪƶΪزˡԯЦһ˵Ʒֿ漴һʱһµţֲƳַȥ硣
¡
ֲŰַֻоһɿԵ͵һ÷ˡ
Եԯ죬ַ㻹ǲ磡ɫ˵սַȻ츳ǿǿ̤죬ԯӵл֮ѪѪ㲻Ҳַܹƥеģԯһһ֮ѹ
ǿһĻҲ¶һ˿Цݣԯ죬Ȼܹѹַ㡣
Ȼ̤˾죬Ҳ͵ΪֹˡԯһŲٿ磬յлʱһɿֲĹâһ
ðԵַɫĮͷǳǿԯӵл֮ѪôһֱѪһһش֮Ŀֲ
һɿֲȻ֮ƱַȻ壬ʱ֮ƹЦֱַ۶졣
ɱַŭһ͵ĳԯȥ
¡һը죬ԵϢŰ
ܳҼԯԵ漴ֻ¡¡գȺĿ⺧ȻĶϿգֻ֮˵ΧȫǿҵϢԼһɹɿֲشƻ⡣
Ϊѹһأܹӵ˿µƣ̫ǿˡ
ᰰܵĲԩַÿ£ܹֻΪƫѣ˿̣ǾشƾȻܹԯĴ࿹⡣
ԯϾǻ֮ᣬ㲻ѪڣңΪصǿϵã϶Ҫ̵ַģˣȻ޷ݻַ㣡


1030 һ
¡һµը֮Եѩɽѣѩ֮
˵ٶȷֿ˿ϵǱĿ紵죬Х
ãԯһЦսܹϾ첻ȻվҪл𡣡
ԯ˵ƻʱŭХÿһ򵥵Ķ֮ΪãȺܹóȷûжãȫǿֲ츳ֻƬ֮䣬ԯ˷·ԡһ貵Ĺâ֮С
䲻ֶͨΣȻ츳ָЩֶͨΣ㲻κεܹӳսҲܹģԯȻ˵˿̵·أһУ˭޷赲
츳ȷܱȣȻΪǣȴᰲΪԼʤ𣡡ַŲһ磬ʱպ¡һ죬·һɴ֣֮ȻصҪΪá
ÿֲֻʹȻ֮ҲܷӳǿĿֲָΪƾʹκֶͨҲܹԽսȺԽսԽͣи̾ϧַ㲻ڴңȱ츳ټĿֲ츳һԯ졣
ԯսƵأδͬսܹҡԯȻ˵Եޱߡ
δһܣֺγܹͬսһ㣬׾٣սƵУұش֮սַŭһ֮ƹϣԯȥ
ɱԯŭһһƻײʱԱߵѩɽĩѿֲ
𡭡䡢䡢䣡ŭ˴ս£ӵսգϢޱȣƬռԼսֻǶַԯ죬̶̵Ƭ̣֪˶ٿֲ
ЯشƶɵĿֲһƾܽǺ𣬰ǳΪͽʸ񣬴˿Ƕڰţ˭սʤˣǣĻҲǱɣɲͽ
ãԯսˣҲֵýøղһҲüʶһ֪Ϊ֮ԯЦ˵ַֿ漴Ƶдһɹɿµƣ͸ſµĻ֮
ͬʱԯֶͨλδžͲ֪ǿ˶ٱ޷ᲢۡȺܵǹɻͷԯΪѹһؾ磬ܷ˿µֶΣ̫ǿˡ
Ҳʶһ֮ΣַƻζʱƵһɼ֮ӣɼƵļһָǿʢޱȣ·ҪһС
Ҳֲ˹Ⱥͷٲղַʹָâɱֻһ˿¶
һУɱԯŭһһ͵ĺ˳ȥ
ˣһԯ·ʧյУ͸ѹһеĿֲ
֮ƣȺɫһֲȻյ棬̫ˣ޴㡣
ͬʱַָŶشƹţһָţȺֻоһ޼᲻̺֮УеһжҪ
ˣָâͬʧյУĿ¡
ַָ֮ɫǣַ㾹ȻԯƣԯѹݻһУַָ޼᲻ݡ
ˣս˵м䣬һɿֲĻյ͸漴Ⱥ㿴ָâӡͬʱ֣ײˣ̼ʹһɿµĻӡ
ȺͷԽԽ𺳣̫ˣشƵп£֮Ҳͬĳףֶ֮ͨβ֪Ҫֲ١
ʶôʧĺܡַ㵭ĮĿԯ˵
ԯɫĮû뵽ַ㾹ҲΪַߺܶ࣬ҽӴҲ֮࣬Լʥ֮棬ӦñַǿŶԣʵƺˣַһصˣȻ֮ʥ֮˿Ҫ
Ҳܲϧ㲻ңûǿѪĻҲǸѵõȫϧʹȫֶͨĵԶԶУ˶׻㣬ǰɻǸϣͬΪһص£
ԯ°ޱȣַ˵һ˿ͣҲһͿϧӵһЩ츳ϧûкõĳ
ַ㿴ԯ¶һĨЦ֮⣬ĵҲϧʹȫͨĻһʵν츳ǰһĲֵûκֵýĵطΪϲǶ꣬ͬףϡ
˵ĻȺʱһÿļһַˣȻҲԯһ˵ܹʹȫֶͨΣͬ׵ԯΪϣ̫ˡ
ַ֪ƾʲôȻҺԯһĿǣޱȡȺ˵ǵǾַЩˣԯεӵл֮ѪǻָȫֲֻƾѪͿѹַˣַǶֻ֣⿼֮ԯһЩӵѪƺƵˡ
ԲѣϧԣҶ֪ĻжôĿЦԯ˵
˿֮⻹ܸʲôղ㲻Ҳ˵ϣΣַĮӦ
еĺ˵¶һĨЦݣȻǶôţҸһλᣬһԣ


1031 ս
ţȺһַԯһԣ
ֵĻƺҪַԯսȻһˣմþȥΪͽʸǰ̫ܵϧˡ
ǽսʹκεֶͨΣȻǵʵ˶ˣΪ˹ʣһֵĿˣǹˣλûɡֵĿ⿴ˣʱȺ׷׵ͷǵȻʲô˴˿̲սԸǵĻɲ֪ж䣬ȥʸ
ãûƣʹʹ죬ҿһսԯЦ˵ַ㣬Ҹ֤ǲϡ
ЦַԯĻһĵʲôҪֻ֤ǻףſԴ·ˣѿֻԼ
û뵽㻹ôţҾ㿴νжôĲԯŲһ磬ʱƵз·һޱȵڲͣתΪѹһؾ磬Ȼ˸е¡
ǴԽ㳹׵׵շѹԯŭһŲַ
ֻԼΪѡַҲõһѪԪ֮Լħ֮תݣʱһɿֲͬӣŲȻһ磬ַȻ壬һȭԯɱȥ
ԯȣֲ͵ĳַȥʱ¡ľ޴촫ֲ˷ݣ˶δȴһ
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ַͬдŻ桢вſ磬ͬʱۿֲȻ֮ͬʱţ֪жǿ
ɱԯŲݺһ̤ʱޱȿµİԾ֮ѹһУŭַ˹ȥ
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1032 
ֲϢƽϢԯĿĮַ㣬˿̲ٷһһ
սôãûнַѹѹɱԼû˵ʲôˣڣΨԿֲַɱ֤ĸ߰ǿ󣬻֮Ѫ£ûܹսʤ
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һΣԯҪŭˣ
ַֻǵĮĿԯ죬ϲޱߺսȷЩӵܹģ̫죬˲Ÿ񣬼ǶԺֶľûоη֮ģֻһܽǲڽ£ҰĲ
˵ĿֻһǱǻʣ
ȻԻʵĺᣬη塢£ǿҲûмʹһǻʺʹۣħ֮ƿħ֮ɽħּռ˺ѵ
ԯĿǻʣַĿǣʡۣļ£
ˣյУԯٴζˣֻһʱ֮гһᣬԾſµİԵ֮ΧնڲͣĲս
ˡһɿµĲԯٶȻգƺڿּ̻ܿ죬һ޴֣֮У޴֣ΧĿռ䶼ڲ޾ѹ·Ҫ˶ѹɱԶȺоֲֿѹս֮С
ңԯĶδͣڿ̻һּԯ֣
ÿֲʥƵһһ͸ʥ֮뵽ԯֵУޱȰԵȺܵյдֵѹ񰵲̫ǿˣһΣַȻҪѹˡ
ǿַʱȴַɫĮȻ漴Դĵ£ƽַ̧֣ҲĶһȻлһȻз·̺ζӵǧ仯
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ַ㣬ȻҲᣡȺһĻʱɫһδҲ̫ˣԯʹֶΣַܹͥ񣬵ʲá
ԯ֣ΣֲİԵ֮ӶҪضѹס
ַ̻ģȴһ޴ɱ֣ɱ͸ſµĽ֮С
ԯԯİԵ־ɱ֮һַĽ֮â
̧ͷԯ쿴ַǿµɱּĿռüͷˣа̾ԯ֣ѹַ㡣
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ԯ컺˵ȺһҪѪһԯսεȿ£ֱַ㣬ҪˣȻܹսһҲȷʵֵԺˡ
ֻԯһӣʱеĿѹɢԯʧȻѹַ㣬Ҫ֮á
ַ㿴ԯĶĮһЦͬ˻֣ɱɢ·δֹ
ʱѪ֮ɽХͶԯУһ̣ԯ͸һĹâ財ҫۡ
ҽۻʵ֮һսҫܣҲԺԯ컺˵彥ıã·ӵһ壬ԵϣصĻߣѪ⽫סǻ֮ѪΪʵսƵأܡ
˿̵ԯ죬ͬһս񣬸߸ϣûܹ⣬ΪֻһأΪܵѹƣԯصĿֲʵͷǿĻ֮ѪʵεȿֲȺֱ
ʵ֮£֮ͬˣһȭ𣡡ԯȻ˵һ̵·صһԯϣ֮ᣬҫ
˵ˣֻΪĽУûʲôֵýģһǸ֮˶ѣҲ˶ѣַ㵭Į˵һ漴һ貵Ĺ⻪Ŷֻ彥ıɫĹ⻪İĹ⻪һͬʱţַ壬Ҳڲͣıá
ܿ죬ַ壬һŷ𣬷·ǷɮׯϣȻһֻ̣һħ͸ױȵĺ䣬˿һۣоľǷħ
ħ֮ȺͫȻһַ㾹ӵзħ֮
˿̾յеĺֶ΢΢ЩˣĿһĨâħ֮
½ӵзħ֮ǿߵУһ˾춯أĿ£ħʱûħǷħƽˣֹԽǼĿ£һΪ壬ÿһ嶼ױȵսǿߣħۣÿһӵе֮ս൱λۣ
˿ַ㣬Ȼ۷ħ֮˲ħۡ
Ȼ˿̣ħ֮ϵӣԽԽǿԽԽ䣬ַ˶ڰͬһħͷ
˵ԯΪսַΪħ񣬼¡
ħֻΪħ֮ħǿֶΣеĺһۿ͸ַʹ÷ħֻ֮ΪħϵĿֲַʲôѵΪħôַģѵһֿµħ
˶Ⱥޱȣ̫ǿˣԯǿޱȵѪ֮壬ַ㣬ħ֮˿վյеַͷŹħսսԯϢҪַϢǸеĿ־塣
ááԯ춢ַ㣬ͻȻŭȳû뵽û뵽ַ۳ħǽ˶ѵҲˣħƫƫ˵Ŀ£ͷŵħ֮⣬˿߻ʵͷŵϢҪܹһս
Ӵ֮ٲΪϣǣ㣬Ҫɱ


1033 㣬
Ҫɱַ˿̻ħɫĮЦɱ𣡡
ħһǿֶͨΣǿѵ͹ûпֲͨศɣʲôսԯȻ˵漴ĽŲһ磬һԽ˲͵ַǰ͵һƳַɱ̽һַħжǿᣬǷܹѪ֮Ļʵ࿹⣡
¡ޱȿֲַշѹȥ˸оϢһؾһز֪٣֮˱ôһµѹһɱ
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ǿֿԯɫ䣬Ȼǿֲħ֮⾹ȻֿܹİԵƿֲ
ƻζʱһһеϢԯƵӶֻĽŲһ̤գڿն𣬵ַϿգĿ⸩ַ㡣
ʶһΪͨԯ˵漴۵ȻҳյгһޱȾ޴Ļʵӡ֡
ֻ죬ɱԯŭһֲһޱȾ޴ӡ·Ҫ춼ڵסֻ졣
ħƣַŭһһɱȥԵ޼ħ졣
ħٰԵҲס֮ƣԯת˫ɱ·ַѹɱȥƹ
¡ħƱ𣬿ֲҪַ㶼ѹ壬ȴ͵Ĳһ֮ԵϢϣǹħ֮ս
ħӡַƶ𣬳޷죬һħ֮ӡҪһж
䡢䡢䣡ҲֵסĴħӡԯޱȿ£ɱóշ˳ȥ̫͡
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ôãΪԼܹˣһ㣬ɱңȴɱ㣡
ַĮ˵ͷԯɱܹɱԯ죿
ַôΪʱЩַǿ̤Ͼƺ˵ʱ龰˶Ϊܵʱַ𺳵ֶΣΪܣޱǿƵһ·죬̤Ͼ졣
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Ե޼ħŭɱַŭһڿֲħϢзݣַֻ˫붯ʱޱȿµϵĺɱ·ǧħ֮һɱضŭ
ԯɫ΢΢һôᣬַ㲻ħȻôµĹֶΣѵһǿħ̺ŸǿޱȵĹֶβɣ
֮ͬУֻɱˣѹңҲУɱԯŭһ죬޾Ѫ֮Ļ߶һͷš
ǰûУͻˡַħ֮ͫޱȵĮ
ħХ𣡡ַŭХɴ˿ħʹó춯أ·ǧħצԯɱȥͬʱԯ嶼΢΢£ֻоһ㱡
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֮Σһɿµΰַһ³ħ֮
ˣյУ·һΰΣԯֻоһһɵϣ·Ҫס
ħ裬űסԯɱȥҪɱС
ԯֲҪضƷȻȴյеַɱ˫Ƽɵ
һΰԯϣ·Ҫ嶼ȫĽס
ħ죬ַ㲻۽ɵԯ类סޣŭȻֲĽ֮ԽԽǿͷޱȵŭ޶档
𣡡һ貵Ļţԯ죬ʹˡ
ԯ죬ȵõ˾˱Ҫʹս
ȺһĻһȻɫԯ죬֮ᣬ˿̣ǿޱȵĻѪ۶ɵһħסˣ˵һηֳ£ȻռƵĲŻ֮Ѫԯ죬ǣַ㣡
վյеַ㣬һħ޷죬֮ᣬһ
ʹ꣬ôַ³һ˵Ĺ衣
ɱһַ³ʱһɵûޱȿµħϢֲĽɱ֮ΣɱһУɱԯ塣
ֲ͡͡Ĵ̶ȺһĶԯɱһεĽɱɱǹħ֮ϢûʲôɱɱģеһУҪɱ
𣡡ԯ쳤Хôᣬһǻ֮ᣬս޲ʤͬ޵Уôܻܡ
ŭ𡢲ʣ˫죡
Ȼյַ㣬ɫɺ䣬ûκα顣
ҪΪӵһЩϵƾΪ߸ϣΪϣӵл֮ѪΣ߹֮ͬУһɱǺǰȣ㣬Ϊͽʸ㣬𣡡
ַ㻰£ԯࡣ
𣡡ԯŭӰɢƬմþУַĨɱ


1034 
ˣƬմþбɱŲ֮
ȺɫһͣյеİȻӰַֻϵħ֮ɢħ񽥽ʧȺУȻַӰȺɸо˵š
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ԯ죬µ츳ԳΪһͽ֮ףޱȻϲΪĪҫ
Ȼַ㣬ǵȴ뿪ң˵Ĳ֮࣬
ڽ죬ַ㵱ڣͬ׵»ԯ죬֪ǵжǿҡ
˿̵嶼΢΢ţֻоޱȣղǺ嫵ս˵ĻһĻһĻϵڳԺ޷ʧǰϵˣٰҪصˣΪԯ죬ֻ˵Ҫ׾ޱ˷ܵԯ졣
ַ㣬վңǶ죬ͼıַղŵĿսʲôֵַͼıġ
Ҳʵַ𺳵ˣ˿̵յеӰл˵ţ˪ΪղһֱԵЩͨ죬ַԯսʱҿһֱŵģַ㲻ҪˣսҲûʲôΪȻģû뵽ַܹѹԯһͷǺεȵģĳȡ
ɺޣüЩ˾Ȼɱַ㣬壬Ҫɱַ㣿ǿշմþеһĻ֮ˣַܾܿܶΪҵŮˣһֲ꣬δ޿ܡ
ԯ챻ΪǽҪΪʵĴڣôַ㣬ͬ׻ԯ죬ǷҲζţַ㣬ҲעҪΪʵĴڣ
һ￴һֱҡĵ¶һĨЦ⣬Ҳ۸ַüأַᶯȥÿζ۸˿ֻоһ˿֮С
Ҳ˵ˣҲûԤϵһսַʤģⱱ֮أҲ˵ԯģս֮ǰ˵һս˭ʤ˭ܣᱻΪͽʸʵƫַģû뵽ַȴʵһϲȻսʤ֮ԯմþ֪ˣʼ㲻˵ǻˣĻ֮غųһԯͽĿб̭ƺҲΪȤ
ʱַֻĿ⻺ת漴ǵϣʱǵɫ͵һ΢΢Щףѿ
Ѿ˳ΪͽʸմþбַĨɱԯ֮Ҳ˳ȥȺȻ֮ˣȻַǰǼϣֲҲǲһȫҪΪͽʸ
ڣûܹסַ㡣
ҪΣǶַ㿪˵
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ڻĵоһȴصȥԯ죬ϼ֮ӣֻΪ˵ҪȢ˷ܵòˣķΪδɷȥ˿кθܣ
ַ㵭˵һɫԽԽѿ
ֻͬսʤѣ棬ɿ㣬ʲôʸᲢۡǲ裬ĻӦһ
ȷвʮȻ޷ս֪գ֮ʱϵĿַƽԯ첢԰ҲĿһУ٣ݺݵĳһݺݵ˦ЩһǶ⡣
˻ǿʵ裬סˣ֮⣬Ѱһңڣʹʹ졣
ַ㲻ʥˣҲʥˣνʥκ¶׷ŭޱϲΪҪ׷ǿʵֺ壬ַӲʲôʥ͡
Ȼ軹֮
ְɣ֪ûгΪͽĻᣬַǲܷģɺޣþȻҪΪӵϣΪͽĻᡣ
ַ̧ƣ漴һָ֮գ͸ǵ壬̼䣬ǵʧƬմþУַ˳Ϊͽʸ
ȺǵӰʧΪƽ֮䣬˭֪ᷢʲôǶ˵׷ɱַ飬ַΪϣ˵Ŀ죬ǾΪΪַ㣬ʧȥ˳ΪͽʸǺεȱһ顣
ñȻǺ͸ַɡ
ȻַȻȻǲںģϾǺһֱҪɱҲ׷ɱȻˣַҲûıҪ᰺ǶѾҪɱˣʲô档
յеĺֿһۣ˿ƬմþУѾֻʣǧˡ
Ƕټս𣿡ֵ˵һǲսˣұǳȥ׼һֵĿˣѡ֮գͽֻаʮһˣ
˶ǳĬûҪս˭ԷĵϸһСľпܱ̭
ȻˣǳȥɣƻӶʱȺֻоâ˸ѩʧٴγ˴У


1035 
˶˴ЩΪͽʸˡ
ԯ죬ǡᰣڣ
䣡һֲϢŶֻ͵ĳַ¶͸һɿµɱ֮Ҫַ֡
ַ㵭ĮĿһۣɫȻûκεĶƺֱӽӵˡ
󵨣һ֮ڴ棬䶯һµѹᰵϣ漴Ⱥ˵촫ᰵֱӱһֲĺſ˵ϣ³Ѫ
磡ɫһᰵ߽ɫĲÿ
ᰳеĺֿһۣĨȥǵѪȴŭʲôĳԷһں
´Σ˭̨ɱ⣡Į³һַоһǵĺжǴʲôط̨
̨֮ϣ߾ס֮أźֵ棬᰾Ȼҷַֿ֣ԣһÿѪҲȡ
һԲҷֻо棬ڽǳ׵Ķˡ
ҵĵӣ̤죬յõ˾ͽʸȻȴڿ˵Уֱַ𣬰Ϊͽʸ
֮¿ֲܿͻᴫʱ쾳˻֮طзᰣΪһ˳Ц
Ȼ˿ȴʲôܸɣкڣ˭ˣֲֿһþȫĻԽ˸ǸڼĻҽֱĨɱΪ״ӵֻؽ֣ɱһ˸ʲôηģҵҲһ
ıվŵңֵıվŵģʣ˭ܿ⣡
֪ôַĮķһҲֱӳ֣ǲ֪ôԹۡ
ԯ죬ʱҲֻԺѣȴûж֡
ַĿɨԯһۣڶԷ͸һĨĵɫԯ쵱ȻʣΪεȵǿڱ֮غεȵȻһսȴ̼䵱Ȼ޴棬Ժ˶֪ԯ죬ͽĿ˵Уͬ׵£ַܸ㡣
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ղŹѾ˵úˣһֵĿ˵ΪֹЩΪͽʸˣڣɿѡ̨ΪΪһͽȻҲ뿪ʱԻ˰Ǵ򿪻ȥ·̨κεǿ󡣡
ֶȺ˵ͷ̾Ϣû뵽̤Ͼᵽ˳Ϊͽʸ񣬵Ҫ̭Եˡ
ڣȥɣֻĵʱЩ̭֮Ҳû£׷뿪
ϣܹΪͽԶ̨֮ϣǿ߱ӻᰱĶַ˵漴תȥʵмѿϼȴȥ˳Ϊͽʸ񣬿ɱ
ԶЦַͬĮɨᰣû뵽᰾ȻвǿЦ
÷ȥȻ˶ףǲŹַˣֻҪַ뿪̨Ҫϼ׷ɱַ㲻ᰵѰ
ȵЩ̭֮˷׷뿪ҲȺ߳漴ٴλصǺޱȿĳȴϣǰҽΪƮĹȺĿʱԶյİʮһʱгһѪ֮С
죬ֻҪǳΪͽ̨ܹ֮϶ӵһۡǺεȵҫ֮¡
߰ɡֶ˵һ漴˼ǰУܿ죬һӰַ˵ǰɫƽͣϳһɷǷĴһҲʵֲ֮ˡ
ʦܣΣ
ʯʺ״ӣһľ
ѾˣҲûλˣǰȥҷģܹɱɱǵľЦţúֿЦҡҡͷʦ֣̫ˡ
ãȥǺһЩľˬʵЦ£΢΢ͷǱ㽻ˣʦ֣ɲҪ̫ʴȡ
ľ΢΢ͷǳǳЦ£ֱҲټԣŲһ磬ʧ
뿪֮ľȴǶȺЦµղŶʦظһЩŵɣҴȥһõط
ľϴһĨЦ⣬̲סҪ׽֣Ȼ˿Ҳɻ󣬺õطľ˼ƺҪһЩôңӺľĶԻУƺҲܹһЩ


1036 ľ˼
ȴЩɣܹΪһǿߵˣԸ¹֮ˣȻԼĿġ
˴ʯʺյһͽҪľΪ״ӣȻΪʿǣڸǺôҲǻڴĿġ
ˣľ˵ҲǷһȴûķԼľʱ׼սǰʮһϯλ
ľһһУȴ͸ղȻ߽֮ͬȺǰһƬ֮âƺ̺һص
߽棬пֲѹٵǵϣ;ѹƣܵʱ䲻ͬὫǴͬĵطľ˺Ц˵Ⱥɫһѵǿռ󷨲ɣȻǵͬĵطȥ
ҪΪͽסǰʮһǣͱҪȥڽȥ֮ᷢʲôĪĻҲΣǳϣĹ֮·ֻ·ڣǻӵѡ˳Ļᣬѡ˳֮ˣɿ̨գлΪͽ
ľȺһȻô򵥣ľ˵ĪĻҲܻΣôܿǻΣ棬ľѡ˳ζţǼԵģܻܿΣ̺С
ľǵģĻһõط
ǿһΣǣѡ˳ۣľٶȿ˵Ⱥɫһ
Ȼ̤кοɾ壡һֻ̤ǹ⻪У̼䣬΢΢һ䣬һ˲㱻ǿֲѹ
䣡ǿԪŶŻվֱȻһǿޱߵѹһֱѹҪϢɿֲ̤Ͼʱ򣬻Ҫǿơ
ˣһµƽ٣漴˵͵ʧȺɫһʧˣղĸܵһ֮˴뿪ˡ
˵û֮ˣηΣܹǰȺа漴в˷׷׳ǰ̤ȥƬռ䵱У͸ղһֻ̼䣬һɿµǵϣֱӾҪǸѹܿ죬޷ֲѹ͵ʧ
ַվǲûжĸǹյüͷ΢΢¡
ĸоһֱǼ񣬾ڸղţЩ뿪ʱ򣬽ϵǿֵ֮ģиɣֵʱԽãǹԽǿʢǿʢ
ľ˵һʱ䣬Ҳ͵ͬĵطһҲ᲻ַͬа˵漴ߵĵģȻ澡һʱ䣬ֱ޷ٷ
ãĵ˵ͷƺǳĹɣַĻ
ַ̧Ų뵽Ƭ⻪У̼䣬һɿֲϣǳ£ֱӳԽǵһѹҲѹ˶ֻǳƬֲ̱ס
ȺУԯĽŲҲַ̧ǹ⻪˲䣬Ҳ̤УƺҪַһ¡
մþбַܣֱܴ裬ԯ죬ҪַϽϴˢ⽫ΪһĽᡣ
ַȻҲԯĶȴδ̫⣬ԼԯѾ軹ǣȴһִ֮ĿģǳΪʯʺʵĵһͽҾԼǰλҲߣʱЩҪɱҲôˣ̨֮ϣ԰ȫ
ϵѹıԽԽǿʢַĿȴ̹ȻһѹѾ޷ҡˡ
Ⱥ½׷̤뵽⻪֮Уܿ죬һӰʧ뿪ҲڶԼţţֵԽãһܹиõľ򣬶ѾǶԣľкأ
ˡˡˡ
һ֮Ӱӹ⻪ʧ뿪
ʱ仺ƣֵԽԽ٣ǹѹȵȻǲǿġ
ʱַоѹϵѾĿֲأҪѹ壬̤ĵ棬һɿµѹ
ϵѪڹַϣ·ҪԼ뵽Ƭռ䵱УΧȻشƣҲҪڡ
̤֮ʱǹܽ˺¾죬ȴȫѹȵģ£˿̲֪˶ôµȻѣһַ㾲ĸһƬأ˿̵ĵѾ֪˶ôǿǹɿֲϵĻۣǴ˿ͷϿյѹʧĻɿֲܽ
ѵƬռҪȥɣַ΢΢̧ͷϿգ͸ղˣǳ棬֪ȥ
ΣַһֱûзһԱߣɿֲѹȻޱȵǿʢȴ𵽶֮ãңַ޾ηԽܵѹȣԽҪ
һӰȫʧƬ⻪Уֻʣַԯˡ
ľĿ⿴ַ㣬ַһĨ֮⣬¶˿˿Ц⣬ַļ֣ġ
Сһϣܹߵһ㣬ʦöʦһǬҵһӡľаʾ磬˵̫ǷȻʦ飬ַԼûãֻԼȥȡܵõ˵࣬û˻Ըһ֮ϻѹʣˣַֻԼܽлõʦ㹻ӣյ֣


1037 ֮ͼ
ԯûʤַ㣬ַ֮ǰ޷֧סֲĿռ䲨뿪ƬâУʱֻʣַһˡ
˿ѹѾֲַҪϢˣͦñֱȴоĹ΢΢սš
ڣѹĳǿַվûܹܵסֻоһױȵĿӽţϿյѹһ˲ʧӰ١
ˣµһ̳׵ͷţַֻоһǿԼ֮һԼϣ˲УԴһζֻǼݵһ˲䣬㵽һƬռ䣬סΣ̤ڵϣַĿƬռ
˿˿ƮϢƬռƮţʯڶģУ̻һŵͼЩͼȻȫͼÿһͼ̻һˡ
ÿµһЩַĿֻɨЩһۣоͷһǿ̻ЩıЩ̺ϣǿƿԵģ֮⡣
Ųַ̧ߵЩͼǰǰһͼ̻һԵˣޱȾ޴ĸͷಲһ·Ҫض
ֻǴͼУַܹܵսƵеǿϣˣǻʣ
ַ֣Ҫһͼ̼䣬һɿֲŶ·оһޱ߾޴ĸͷɱҪһͷΣĿ¡
͵ջأַ˺˼ͷֵε亹ÿ£ղžȻĸܵ˾޸ɱͼϣδҲ̫Ե
Ų΢΢ƶַֿһͼͼп̻ŵһɫӣ·һ۱޷˫ܹԣ޷԰Ρ
ַջĿ⣬ҿ̫ãȻ޷ܵסͼеĿ⣬֪ͼежֲ
ЩͼȻǳʯʻ֮֡
ַаһ˻ʣ˭ܹһЩͼ̳ϣ̺һΰ
ңͼԻ֣֮ͼ̻ҲΪʣĻʯʺ֮ʣҲЩʵϡ
ȻʯʺʣΪλὫЩʵͼ̻УʯڵУ̻żʮͼÿһͼޱʵҲζţЩʣʯʺʶۼ
˻ľмʮλʣ
˵ﲻǰ˻ľĻʣоʮʥݵĻʣֻǣЩʯʺۼġ
ַƶŽŲÿһͼǰͣһʵĿϣͼУ·ܹɱ
ܿ죬ַ㷢һʯںʯڲͬһʯֻ̻ȼͼȻǵģȴģ壬ƺʯʺʿΪ֮ҲΪǸδЩʣֻƾԼ̻
ţַ㿴⼸ͼɵɫһʶϡ
УһͼеӰںڰУȴ˸ܵһĿ־壬û˿ħͷţȴܹ˸ܵħϣħ֮ζ̫ˡ
ħʣַ뵽ʴǸоһȿµħ֮ϣͨ쳹أأħħ¡
ħʵԣƺһŮӵӰŮ˿̻ζɴ棬òƺҲǿΪ֮ΪʯʺʸδգϵϢ顢ƾ顣
ѵػʣַаʹУػʵϲ̫ԣȻȴƮȻʹ˿ͼ̵ơ
ǼݣҲӦģֻǾλʺʹۣңԼҲ˵ػΪ
ַۣһһͼۣеϣֻǿһ۱ܹܵħۣɻӵֵϡ
λʺʹ֮⣬ﻹ̻żͼһǷǳַ㿴һ۱εļס޷ҲǼĹ֮ۡ
ȻַۣҲ֪ǵǷдޣҲֻҪǲ䣬ܳ꼸ɣӹʱһֱ
ҲЩ֮ۻ߻ߣϦڣ
磬ַ㣬ۼħ۵ľ֮ʡ
ħʡػԼǼʢʾʯʺδҲƾǵģӰԼϵĵϿ̻С
ַаһʯϵһ޴ͼڲ²ţﵽǺεطȻ̻ôĻͼֿµĵ̺У˲С֮ģȻֻᱻһǿµĵϼҰģԼĵɾߣΪԼܣҲһڻ֮У˾
˻֮Ϊײ洦ɼ߲ΣӵһЩλһߣǱԼͽ
Щ߸ϵĻߣ֪ǻԾʲôطַڣҲֻȥ²
ʲôΣܽӴĲεʯʺʣǾܹӴĻʣַǶԣȴǲģʻﶼ֪
ǹ⻪УҼãű͵ҼЩʵľˣⱾһʼĲƸһʵĵϣĸգضԺĪĺôַа˵ľΪʵ״ӣҲһ׽֮⣬ַܹоǿɮǺ֣ľԼΪ
ַ㵽ڶ޷ף׺Щǿ״кԨԴ
Уľ֮ǰѡǷ˳ǿܽ뵽ƬռҲĪΣڣȴֻƬŻ֮ͼĿռ䣬Σִ


1038 Ĵɱ
ûȥ̫࣬վȻлᣬﾲһɣһʯʻ̻ЩʵľӢˡ
ߵм䣬ַϥâ΢ַʯǣʯʱַоռһƬ峺еһжӡԺУܹĸܵռɶԼͼ͸Ŀֲϡ
صľ޸̺ޱǿİԵ֮ϣǸͷҪ񷶼ޱߵ·һ۾ܽ˵ĻǸȡ˸ӣаԾĵϡ̫ĵϡﲻ֮ϣһУӡַԺС
귭һҳߵ磬Щϰݡַᵽ֮
ַĴӲֹˮɱţǺȻĵϸӡԺ֮ʱĳȣö֪֮ĿֲԽԽ࣬ҲϤҲܹĸܸΪ̵ĵϣ󵨵ķſȴܣֵϳҲԽԽǿ󡢿ֲ
ƺãַĿ⿴һЩͼ³˿
ſȥܣǵϱǿȥȥܣҲķѼ˺оЩģϢƬ̡
ͼֻһͼĵϾܹã޷ȫ͸ѵ˻ᣬҲֻһͼĵϣǽ֮ȫһԹҵľкôԺҲ˳һЩ
ַʵҪͨһͼȥ̵еĵϣһͨУȻַվûôѵõĻᣬܹߵϣκһλֻǽǵĵһһһҲǺõġ
ܿ죬ַٶȽУʯԼȥڲ֪Уַľɱ䣬ǿʵĵϣȻܹľһƮε
ң⻹һͼѣǻ߱ǰԼ֮ͷţָоǿµģ޷ܵסֳ
תۼ䣬ʮյʱȥַȴɻǣĸţ֪ʱţȴһС
ˣһεڴУƮϢԽԽǿңһɿֲĳֶַȥ·ҪַС
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ַƺǸܵʲô㣬漴΢΢¡
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ַһֻһɿֲ֮۶Ŀ£ϵӣҪһС
üͷţ֮ѵҪ뿪
ǰɱ¾֮أϧһдۣ߳ɣʱյУһƮĴַͷһ
ɱ¾֮أϧһдۻ߳
ȻľȻǵյ㣬Ǽ͵һֲĵطȥҲǵռ֮ء
£ܹ߳ˣ¾ζųɹΪͽ
ֲУʱַ㷢ͷ¿ȥִ˿ѾڣһƬֲУ·кܶӰš
ˣֲŶַֻоת·ڴԽʱһ͸ղŽʹڵؾ֮ʱоһģǿҡ
¡ַݺݵԵ˵ϣֻоҪɢѵ
ַɫһԼغĿһΧƺһƬƽԭĴֵشߺܰƺ֮ʱĹߣһ˿ɭϢһƮ巢ĸо䡣
֮ϢҸо˻ĵϢַɫһĸоͷǳǿңң˻֮Ի֮Ϣ̫ˣǼ΢Ļ֮Ϣɱĸܵˡ
ǽҴ˵ǿɸоյдãڵĵطѾ̨ǧ֮һƬ򡣡
ַĿ⿴ԱߵľȴӵпֲڵĻ֮ϢоȻܳɳ
ľΪɱ¾֮أܱǳΪͽռ֮ء
Ȼɱ¾֮أβɿˣַа⣬˿̺һ𱻴ͶĽǧˣ񶼲֪ӹɣ϶ƬصĿռ䡣
̧Ųַ㳯ǰȥĿģȿǷܹˣƬռ䵽ж
ռ˸оϢԼĻַ֮ļ֮УѵľԣһƬɱ¾֮ء
ͣһƿյڿռ䵱Եüļ̶һɿֲĺһ˲ţַ棬ɱ֮
ַֻоһ׹ѡɵĸо·Լ˿ѾӲһֲϮɱУûа취ܣֻ·һֻܵ
ôܣôַɫһޱǿҵ־ţ¡һֲϢţбһµĺ⡣
ɱַתһŭһ̺ſħХÿռ䷢Ĺߵз·мħͷӰնɱ
֮ۡۡħͷӰɱǵµıַ֮㣬˿һǵذ׳ɱ
ֱ̧һµ˳ȥַһƶ·̺ſֲȻ֮ÿռݺݵһ
¡˱ɿֲϮȻת㳯ֵжȥ磬һδߡ
ؾ磡ַɫһң͵̤磬׷ȥһص˸ղһ̾ȻǰµвҴƺѾǱܹԼϢȫȫĿסȻǺһͶˣЩ˿»ûɱ¾׼ɣ


1039 ֲɱ¾֮
Ƭо˽ϢǺεطַаĸоһǼ񣬵һ֮˶ǣֱɱһŷֲ֣ĻֵĻþ
񲻹ǿ󣬸ղֵĸоٳƬ̣Ǹˡ
ߵõ𣡡ַ³һ֮־סһ󺮷˸ټƮңʱйιַһӰ
ȻǰϢͺһּӰӰ㣬ٶȺܿ죬ƮһСķ·޷ҵֶַΪ֮𺳡
ѹؾҴɱҡַаϢԷס
˵ٶȽƺ֪޷ѵȻתһϢĺ̼併٣һַܵ˸ղŵĻþ޷ֵҪĻþ
ɱַйâţŭХһöԷ嶼һ漴Ȼһƻӳʱһɿµķħ֮Է֣öԷ˶о彩Ӳ
䣡ֲĴ֮뵽ħУʱԷѹ޷ַصĿֲԷһܹ֮ܵסֻ̼оҪ׵ıѹ
¡˵屻ַһֱѹڵأ۵һһѪ
ͣ
ռ·𱻴һǿĴɱַ˼ɴ̳˱ذף˽ľ룬ֱ̹ǵĸоӵǿҡ
ַ³֣ͼǿ󣬼ȻѾ׼ᱻҡ¡¡һºɱֱѹöԷ޷Ϣ
¡
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ΪʲôͻϮɱңַ˵ֻԷ˫ĺ䣬Ķ⵭ĹߵԵøɭ
ȻҪ𣡡Է³һַɫһ
ʲôطַٶĮʵֻԷƺ£Եúܲ죬ַȻʲôطνģ
ңû뵽λʧܣĿֲټϻþֶͨѾɱ˲ˣокַܶͬһҪߵģǹǿĻþУԷڶݵʱ̽״̬һ˲䣬Ѿ㹻ɱԷˣȻַȴ˹ٶȾֲ˹κ׷ԼӲˣԷܿ˵ġ
㲻֪ԷĮһ˾Ȼʲôط
ַ֪ͷ
ôģһ
㻰ңҲҿԲɱ㡣ַ䣬öԷɫһɱȻлŵĻᣡ
ʧܣζû˻飬ԷȻɱ
ģ
ٶʼ䣬Ҳһı뷨Сַ³һ
ǻĺ֮׵һƬ֮أֳΪɱ¾֮أǿԼͽΪ˶ԼƬռ䣬ɱˣĥʹԼɳĸһζܸҫӹ֮ˡ
Էڿ˵ʱַͫ͵һĺ֮أﾹȻǻĺ֮أѹֻлĵϢ
ңˣǿˣԼͽΪĶԼˣﱻΪɱ¾֮ء
ԣǰ˻ľֿٶӵ޾ΣҲĪĻΪģǸԼͽһֲ֮أһλͽͽҪһ򣬲ΪͽһЩʣʱ֮أֻʣȨ޽˷ЩǿӵҪҲͨʣԣһˣҲԲ飬ɱ¾Ϯɱԭ򡣡
˼˵֮أɱ¾֮أʲ˽ȨޣĳԣҲǸʵͽƴ֮أҪΪͽҪɱ¾֮صĥֿٶɡ
ѹľǽҪɱ¾֮ˣַת漴ŵϵ˵ɱ¾֮ж嫣ֻжǿߣ
Ƭ֮ؼΪ嫣һǰС֮˵ר֮أߵĻ֮ûôɱģжˣҲ˵׼˻ľгͽԼһЩӵܹǰ֮⣬˵Ҳ͵͵Ŀٳ˵֮صͨˣ嫵ĵ򣬼ʮ˶пܡԷӦַ
ܳȥַʡ
Է˻֮£ûش
ʵʵ˵ҷа˵ٻ֮һֱӽĨɱַƺԷڹ˼ʲô˵һ
һ֮ˣɱʮ֮󣬱ǰƬ֮صĴƬ֮صƿߣЩʣأͨͼ̨صʵ̣֮ˣҪɱʮˣأҪɱʮˡ
˻Ӧ˵ַĿ˸Ҫɱô˲ܹ뿪ѹֱΪɱ¾֮أԷû˵٣Լɱ˺뿪˹˼ԼὫɱΪ֮һ
ôҪɱʮˣܹǰ뿪ַòпĵطԿ٣ȻЩΪǿߣҪ̤˵ʬƶϡ
ҪôɱˡҪôɱҪţͱҪѡɱˣƴܡ
ǸղŵĴһǿߣûʱˡԷΪǿ࣬ΪˣССģȻΪ˵


1040 Ӱ
ַɫһ漴˵ͷͽ֮ءɱ¾֮أ֪жǿսȻΪǿ󣬵߽֮һǺңЩóɱ˵ͽͱȻʮֵĿֲ
̤ڶԷϵĽŲƿԷɫһվĿַһۣлл
ȻЩַ㾹ķŹղŵûаգַ㲻ŵҪɱҲһ֮顣
ɱ˶ˣַ㿪ʵ
ʮˣԷӦ˵ַ΢΢ͷ˵ɱӹɣֻҪɱʮˣͿ뿪ˣÿһ˵뿪ζżʮ˵һȺǧܹ֮߳ȥģһܹаʮһˡ
һ𡣡ַ㵭Ŀ˵üͷ£û뵽ַ㾹Ȼš
㲻Ը⣿ַһâޱȣɫһȻûƲ磬ƺѾ״̬ˣַ㣬ºܲҡ
ǣҸһ𣡡ַֻͬĻ漴ּ䴩
һͻأĴַ˵ĽŲ΢΢һղһҽڸζŸڽɱ
ߡ
ַ䵭˵漴˳Ųҽ෴ķȥȻƬɱ¾֮棬˭ǳǿʤɣôɱĶַ֪˵ܹȻʵΪǿ󣬵ɱͷߡ
͡δ߼һϸ΢촫УַĽŲٶͣüͷ΢΢¡
Ѫ˱ɱǿܱ˶ˡɫѿǰӰˣȴ˶֪Ƭɱ¾֮ر˶һôµ飬جεĿʼ
ȻȴַֻĬ£漴̧Ųǰߣ·ʲô¶ûз㡣
õȻļһ˿ַϵĵĮͷȴ͸һĨ־֮⣬·ѾܹоɱڳϿ
ͣʱһֲХ֮Ŀһ
䣡ֱַ̧һƣռըѣǵ˲Ĩ
ͣ
ֻǰĵ֮ͻأһĨʻԵüĹ죬ֵսľĸо
ַ̧ţ漴ݺݵĳŵ̤һţ̼һ¡촫һӰӵ½˳ɻϵѪһʬ
ˣַߵ˽ŲٶȽɫҰףղǹӦ˷ģȻȴϢıĨɱˣһ춯ûС
ַǰ΢΢Ǿʬ壬ֻԷĲһѪۣ£˲
Ĭ£漴ַĽŲٶ̧𣬻ĳǰȥϣӿֳһɵİɫ⻪͸˿˿յУѩƮ䡣
ǰˣ·˼ַ㻹ǰɫӲĽŲ
ߣַعͷһۣȴϵҡͷҲܸˣǡ
˵Ȼתַ෴ķܶȥ
ַ㺰һȻԷȴûַĻ㣬λһӰٵ˸
ͣһ貵ĺâһ㺮ǣڰĿռŶһĨѪڿзֻ˵˲佩ԭأŲȵĺ˰벽
Ӱԡ֣
˵³󼸸漴Ȼ£ȻַˡվΪɱ
ûˣ
ּ䣬ûпκӰһ⻪ֻ˲ʧ׵û˺ڰУ·ûгֹһ
Ӱַ֣૵һ뿪ɱֶΣֻǶݵ˲䣬ΧƺкüϣңĿøղŴɱǿ߱ĨɱĻᶼûС
пᣬǴ˿ַľ
ҲֻǳĬƬַ̧̣ŲʲôûзһǰУƽ˸о¡
˶ķˣıԵ֪˶ٻأַվʱѲ֪ΪֻоԵ侲
ּ䣬ѩϵĴ䣬ΧĿռ䶼·ࡣ
ּżȻ䴫죬·ħĴ˸оһĨ־Ҫ굱С
һж޷Ӱַľûµ˰㣬ּ仺ţֻѩĽŲһּİ˸о¡
ͣ貵ĺâٶŶһĨ磬·ҪһжĨ
ˣͬʱһյš
ĺâռ䣬͵죬Ȼȴն֮յ⡣
¡һɿԵµϢŶ֮ʧһһֱַ㣬ȫǽâ޾ɱһС
ɱ
¡
һŭ֮ŭ֮޾Ľâ˷ţҪΧһжɱͬʱ˫͵ĳǹ⻪ûĵط˹ȥûпӰȴǿֲš
ڰƺһƺߵ촫漴ֻƬ̼䣬Ŀռָ˼žûκε졣
ַվһͷŵϿһֻۣ˿˿ѪһĻַüͷ΢ʶԼʲô
Ӱ֣Ӱɱ֣Ӱӣ
ղһĨɱ֮ŵʱ̣ȴûκεӰǰ
ϣ
ԺһӰ˼ƺصƺڣǹ·ڶеˣԼȡ
ϵ꣬ӰӰ꣬ںڰУʲôûУӰӶûУͺ͸ղŵһӰ֣пܺͿӵһƵ꣬Ӱꡣ
ַ㳤³֮ءɱ¾֮أǿͽ֮أŸսƬ̣ξĶǵ˲䣡


1041 ŭɱӰ
ֻƬҾǿͨޣǵΪߣĻԶԸˡַа˿̵ƺʶƬɱ¾֮صĿֲղİӰ֣ΪҲ̫ǿĻӵ꣬Ǹɱˡ
ղ˸߹Ƭ֮أӵкܶˣ󾳽ǿ߶УԽΪǿˣҪĿ꣬Ҫɱ¾˾ͱҪ࣬Ƭռ䵱гҪ뵽ɱ⣬ҪѧαסԼɱ
δ𣡡һ΢촫ַͫ͵¡
Ȼ̧ͷûκεԥֱַӱһƺɱȥÿռ͵һͬʱ貵Ĺâһţ漴ִּ죬ƺӰԶȥ
ַɫһû뵽ǰҹֱ֮ȻɲϷ͵͵ǱصϣҪʹ
Ҵˡַղ˼Ȼһƾ衣
ʱַͫ˲Ϣüĺ·ڰħֲͫϢΧĿռ֣·κεϢ޷ĸоŲ͵һ磬廯һ磬ּӹӰ
ּ䷢ɳɳ΢죬ַǽ΢죬Ƭ̶ɣڵһϮɱʧܾȻҪеڶξɱΪɱ
ɳɳϸ΢ͻȻϾ·ƾʧһַĿ䣬ƻӶʱһɿֲӶ͸޼᲻ݵĻ֮⡣
ɱַһһֲָָƿգָâռ仮ƣ漴˲Ϣʧ쵽˼飡
ͣ
һ촫漴˵촫ͣ·һӰӷɶ뿪
δ𣡡ռѪڵأһɵѪϢȻˣղַָ֮ˡ
ߣַĺһղһҲˣû뵽ԷҪɱӵ˭֪᲻еεĴεɱ
ڰּι֣̤ܿһƬƽԭ֮أǰûκεӰֻɳɳԼѪַ֮ѾˣȴɱҲֻ𣬺οַ㡣
ԷٶҲǺֲܿĿ죬Ȼ˵ľĳ̶ȴԵЩԷٶȲ٣ȻҲǼóٶ֮ˡ
ꡢ꣡촫ַϣ貵İɫâҫۣ·Ҫռ䶼
ˣХ˫ȻĲʱַٶٶ£˻һ貵İ׹⣬ɳɳ׷ɱȥ
ӣյ³һӰֺƣû뵽ַôһӣȻϧôĶҲҪ׷ɱ´˿в֪жɡ
ȻӰָû뵽ᷢ˿̵һĻڰеȻ׷ɱǱֻͣͣҪһͣ˭֪᲻һµָָףøղûдҪ֮ء
뵽ᱻַ׷ɱǱӰָղž;ԲŶַ㷢ڶεϮɱ
쵽ˣӰͷһǰˣһΣһҪ׷ɱ˵
͡͡һֲдַŶǰɱȥĿ¡
ҪӰڿˣ͵ĺһ漴ֱֻӳͷϿ˳ȥ̼һ¡촫漴ַܵһɿµĻ֮ӶӰӰĵطӳ
ĵַɫһȻûǣ֮أǻĺĵ£ǵ¿ռ䣬˵ĺˣܴ֮ܿͨأղŰӰһɱȻ˻ĵȻǻĺƬ֮صĽӴ֮ء
ȥɣŭһڰеӰˣһ꣬Ȼֵⷴһ쵽˼ĵزҪַɱĽַ˳ȥַ㣬ƺýַ½˻֮Ϣйĵط
ˣһɿµӶ£ǻĵַͷϿк£ַ·ܹԷϵĮЦݣҹֵҲڼٵĺˣƺıɻĵϮ
֮٣ȻַֻǾվǣĵϢϣַ㣬ȴûаķӦͬһû֮˰㣬һĻðҹֵЦݽӲɫҲ˲ѿ
ĵɱ˴ˣ
ʧˣַ˵貵İſ漴͵һַ廯һ׹⳯ŶԷȥһɿֲķַ֮Ƶг֡
ӰӰҪһûʧȻַٸᣬֲ̼ţħҪһжεķ
ˣµķħڶԷϣöԷ͵һȻĶַ㣬֮ˣȻֵס˻ĵ˿ʹ÷£ΪȼܻȥҪɱַ㣬ԣ֮صͽΪǿԷĻᣬΪСˣֻгΪķݣӰȴû뵽ַôһ̬ʹ޷ˡ
ɱôַһָӳʱµָâٶȻգ͵һֱӽԷûڰеУѪ
ɣַŭһֲĻ֮һ˲侹Ȼ糱ˮ˰Ӱֻ֣̼㱻ʴ¶ȻɫˣȻˣңַʹõģȻǻĵôܣַܹĸַܵĻ֮ǽǴԼųġ
ΣӰַ㣬ɱ֮صĵһˡ
ʱǿߵĶϹˣȻǸֲܵĻ֮Ϣӵʱ˲ĶߣȥıʱҪֲ
ַͷϿգǿֲĻĵͣӶ


1042 ɱ֮
ǿĻַ̧֮ͷֻƺһźڰ֮⣬֮ǴӶ
Ӱ֣ȻҪ֮Ĩɱƣϧ֮޷κε
ڲͣͷӣӰ֪лĺȱڣ֮򿪱ĺƬռ䵱Сַ漴˸뿪Ƭ
ٶȿֲַܿԶ֮ͷŵ򣬼ǰУҲ֪˿ˣӵصΪսҲǿֻҪ̫ǿˣӦòΣա
ȻǱеַüͷȴֱܿ·бΣһӣΣһֱβδƬ뿪
ѵֱˣַɫӲ֮δҲ̫Σգɱֶ˽ǲһЩǱɡ
ɱ¾֮أҵҪ˭Ҫɱң
ַɫ䣬ڰĿռǰУֶΣҪɲôס
ǹΣ֮ƺһֱβַ㣬оܲ·ʱܻ˶бɱһȻʶ˳ʱȴûжһЩ˵Ǳֶ̫ˣϢø׽
ֹһʱַ̣㲻ټǰˣվһĵٶزˣɣ
ַĻл죬ȻȴûκεĻռһƬš
ɳɳڣһ΢촫һɱķйιַϣ͸һɳǵı֮⡣
ȻˣַɫĮվһַΧѩٶƮɣƬռ䵱У͸һɿµĺ⡣
ɳɳɳԽԽ죬˷һ磬ַΪģĹɳ
ɱ⣬ַϣ䣬ڰ಻סҪˡ
䣡һɿµϢͻأ併ַϣֻ̼䣬·һƬԻ֮УһħӰӣɱ
ֱַ̧һƺӰ𣬷·ûгֹһȻֻ˲䣬Ի֮УӰһ볯ɱƻ档
ַͨɫ䣬Щƻ棬ǼٵģǿĻþռ
ַɫһڰͷţ漴˫ͫ׻ڵĮ֮ͫ䡢飬·ҪϤһС
һӰֱַӵȥᣬЩǻþ
΢΢ϣַԺȴޱȵռ䴦һз·޷ùκεĶȫֱӡԺС
ͣһϸ΢촫ЩӰ֮УһĹ⻪Ŷַʺɱ
䣡ַͫ׻ȻſޱȺĿһŶ͸ź֮Ŀ⡣
ɱַŭȣ漴һѪɫĹ⻪ţĿռѪֲޱȵĽһ˲ȫ͵첻ϵĴһӰ·ѪĨɱǰһ⣬Ҳ˲ջء
ߣַɫ䣬ŲȻһ磬ǰӰ׷ɱȥһӰɱ֣ͿӰ̫ˡ
ɱַŭȣ˽һһ̣壬Ҫ
¡һµһ̴ַͷϿӡֲ͸ż·дɱҪַ
ô£ַɫһһ֮δţתһͷϿɱֲĽâ·ҪնѪݡ
ͣ͡ǰĹ⻪ٶţǿµıɱ֮һϮҪء
𣡡ַŭХһ·ǧħХǰĹ⻪ɱȥ˿̵ַﻹܲףɱˣֹһˡ

ͬʱַһµĽɫӡɱֱַ࣬·Ҫַ඼ͳ
ˣ
ַɫ䣬ɱˣֹһˣͬʱ֣һֱ׷ҪĨɱ
ħ֮
ַĺһûʹħ̼ħ֮תݣ貵ĺڰħɫͬʱš
ǧӡħƣ
ַһŭȣ̼䣬·ǧӡħͬʱţֲĽɫ뺮ħҪһжĨɱ
䡢䡢䣡µҪһжع죬Ѫӡ𣬹⻪٣еҲɫӰϵĺˣ̼û뵽˺ڰУ·Ǵûгֹһ
ַվԭأĿɨΧɫޱȣȻüβ׷ɱ
ɱ¾֮أҲǶһ˵жְͬɱˡַа˵˿̵һ֧ɱСӡ
˭ַſռһ
ռ䰲Ƭ̣漴һ촫Ӱ֣
Ӱַ֣ɫһͣӰѾɱˣ
ǶǰӰ֣յִһ֮˷ַͫ͵£ǰӰ֣ǰ³İӰĸ֣һˣһȺˣһȺˡ
ɳɳԶ첻ϣƺ˹ˣںڰУַ޷׽ǵӰ
Զһ֮ϣһӰȻվǣϵվǣһɿµİԵ֮⣬·Ƭռߡ
ôվϣȴû˸ɱ
ˣȻԯ죡
һ׼·ȻӰֶˣҪҳˡԯб䣬͸ɱ⣬Ȼ֪ʲôطƬɱ¾֮أѾǵڶ̤ˡ
ڰӰ˭ȻҲ
ڰ˻ľ֮أһʺųɱ֮ʣɱ֮Ŀ£ʶǣͽֻһˣ̿͡ɱ֣
Ӱ֣һˣǴţɱ֮ʵͽ


1043 ֵ
ԯ԰˻ľǳ˽⣬Ȼ֪ӰΪ⣬Ȼ˻ľַȴô֪
ֻƾǰԼԼĲ²ƶϳһȺóΣȺƺֿжȻ֮ͬ۶һȺµĴ̿ɱ֣֮þͨɱ֮Щ˶Ӧ÷ǳó
ԶɳɳԼԶķַɫĮĵҪɱ㶯ְɣضزأ
Ȼ̽ĻȴûκεãûĿռô䣬׵ĺ䡣
ͻȻ䣬һξ·Ҫַ帲ǣ̼䣬ַоԼһƬþУ͸ղƵĻþ·Ӱڲͣĳɱƻ档
Ҫôַɫ䣬ѩٶƮĻ£ͬʱַϣȼһɿµĻ棬潫ռȼڰ͸ſֲĳ֮⣬·ҪƬռ䶼
ַϣһ̫ͼ֣Ԫ̫֮շ졣
Ļ˲˳ȥЩûɱӰĻ浱̼ʧӰ١
ͣһµĴ̶֮·𽫿ռƣַɱ
䣡һɿֲķ֮Ŷκεı̼Ƭռ䶼͸һɿµķ֮
ҷ⣡ַŭһƴſµķ֮ͷţ˲佫ǰĲסַǰһƬռ䣬˲ͷ·ֹһֲķ֮
һ³Ȼַ·δţƵһźڰĻڹȼţһͳַ֮ƳǰӡȥƵеĿ»棬ҪһжΪޡ
ɣַͳ³һô䣬һеĻŶǰһжٻٵ
һҽ֮漴ַ㿴һŻŻ浱УȻһӰڻ浱зĲš
ͣ͡صĽ־ַĨɱԷͬһ˲ţĽĳ˷ɱȥ겻͸·ĽâڱĿռš
û棡ַ͵ĳкһƣ漴֮־ס̤ңַڿն𣬻һңӰ̤תۼԶ
ɳɳɳһϸ΢촫̼·Ƭռ䶼춯ȫַķƮȥ
Ƭռ䵱ȻҲˣȻ˿ȴһû˸ҷ˾ȻӰֲסǱˣ֮ˣҪѰӰֵľɱǲܵ顣
ַ̤Ų磬Ȼɳɳȴ޷Ͼһֱβһ޵ı֮⽫֣ʼ޷ѵˡ
ͣͻأ䣬һ貵ĽâŶ·Ҫջơ
ˣһɿֲŶһĨâ͸գ˲ַǰ쵽˶޷Ӧ
һɿֲĺţһյַ档
ˡˡֲĲӣһ貵Ľâַˡ
ַͫױ£ղһ̣ëȻĸо·Ҫˣһܹɱһ̫ˣս
䣡ַĽŲ͵һ̤ٶڿ뿪Ȼ޷ѵˣЩɳɳӰΣ޷ѵõ
â˸£ַгһöӡֱ
˵һ촫ַ廯һ⣬ת˲ʧɳɳɣȻȴҲ׷ַӰˡ
ַǰУֲķ֮壬쵽˼ĵزնС
ǣڴʱ·һһױȵѹҪַ嶼ѹ
ַͫ͵£ٶʹó˶̵ʱڣȻȵʹá
ˣޱȿµɱ£֮ϣһޱȿµĲ·ҪַյУȻɸܵһϢѹ̫ˡ
͵һ˵ǧ֮⣬ַĿ⿴յеİȻӰһĿ꣬ļ˿ֲıըУ˫۴׳ޱȣУȻһ޴ľղţľַ㡣
ȻյӡܣδҲ̫ų޴ֲַͬĤ΢
ܱųôӰȺһںڰвϵĶҽдɱңõΣַ䵭˵
Ӱ֣ɫһ漴ַ㾹ȻȺһסˣѹ֣㾹Ȼȣô㳷֮ѹΪֵܹסҵĹҾͷߡ
ߣַɫһһôоЩ֣ٶȣҪԷߣ
ΪٶȺܿ죬Ҫ׷ɱ׾٣ôҵֵҵĹ͸һĨǿƣȴûԯ֮Լʢ˵ĸо
ãȻҪԣǱԣַĮ˵ʧĿⶢŶԷһĪǸս񲻳ɡ
ֻصҵȭͷ˵Į˵һ漴Ų͵һ磬ûκεķϻһȭǳַɱȥ
¡͵һַֻоһϢѹϣԷǴ׳ֱۺһ̣޾ϵķı졣
ȷʵѹΪֻδҲ̫ǿˣַͷһ漴ȫ֮ŶԷȭͷ˹ȥ
ǣֲޱȵı촫ַֻоԼֱһ̶Ҫըѵ屻ǧײͣ
ȻһˡҲ˼ЩƵֹһ漴ԴƺƣһĻַһǧףԼȴ˼ѣƣ


1044 ԯ̬
ֹһ֮һЦʹ죬
˵գĽŲٶȿһԽѵַǰ
𣡡һޱȿµȭͷɱͬŭ𣬿ռ¡¡Ŀֲ죬ֱ֮϶͸⣬˺ѣ¶ޱʵĿ¡
ˣַһȫȭͷУһɹħҲڲϵӶнâ֮Ųһ̤ʱ֮Уַȭͷɲǣ·ռȭͷЩֲһ뵽ɴƵС
¡յУһޱȿµı촫ؼ䴫ŭ֮ޱȿ񱩵ŭ
䡢䡢䡭һȭ糱ˮһĺַϣ˴֮ȫҪֱԵ˺ˡ
ãˣַŭһŲδˣǰһޱȿֲȻ֮ƶϣһޱȿԵ쫷糯ŶԷȥ
𣡡ŭһһصĿֲַɱַո̤֮ʱľˣȻȴȾǿ֪ǧ򱶣ûһر֮Ҫ˻
¡¡նҪΪĩ񱩵絶һиϡ
㾹ȻˣãǾԣұ
䡢䡢䣡һصٶޱ͵˳ַϢĸо·𿰱ȰѹڵѪȭУַŲٶǰ̤һ¡һ죬һϹᴩ£һжΧ׷ըѣ˳˵ȭͷɽĺһ
ʹ죡ЦһЦ·ÿռ䶼˵ĲȭͷеĿֲ糱ˮȥַܵԷԼҲͬʱջأ˸˼׷׾ĿŶԷ
ƺԯ컹ҪֲңһȫѹΪԱΪȥսܹѹԯ죡ַ𺳣һ˻ľǿơԯǱľţȻ˻ľ򣬿ҲһЩͬǰ֮һ
þûôˬˣҸӲƴ㲻ӱܵˣʲôЦ˿ַ㣬һ֮ͨˣȻܹƴ־أ̫ѵˡ
ַ㣬أַ㿴Էûж⣬ӦǸˬ֮ˣϲɵҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬ԶԷĿֲʵҪɱҲҪίߡ
ҽԳɡЦŵòθڵˣУΣ
У
ַһ㶣ԼͶԷ飬ȷᰲȫܶ࣬뾡֮߳ء
ģӦǰͽҲжӰȺ쵰һѵǣߵıȺͷ¶βļһʦҲһʲôƨɱ֮ʣǼˡ
Գɴֵ˵ȴַĿһһƨɱ֮ʣˣ
ͷĨ˰ѺַǼʶʲôд󵨵ˣʶԯ첻°ɣ
ߣַ㣬ߣȺСûиԳ˵ɾ޴󣬳ַķȥҪȥЩӰ֡
ַ¶һ˿Цݣ˸ˣ̧ŲҲԳһ߶
һЩʱ̣ɳɳ촫·ϸ΢ķһɺ֮ٶȽ٣ַɫһˣָоȺںڰеɱ֣˸оǵĺ⡣
ǻˣԼɡԳɾ޴ɤڿռв죬һĬ
Գɣһ͸Ŵ̹ǵĺ⡣
ԳɺԯһʢַаǱƺЩҧг֮У̺һĨɵ֮⡣
ԳүүʲôٲԼˡԳ
Գɣʱ޹أĪҪ̫ˣΪǲɱ㲻ɡԷޱȱԳ³һ漴عͷַַ㣬Զ㣬ס
ţַɫһ漴΢΢ͷ峯źȥ˲˺˼ǧ֮ء
ֻԳɵĿĮĶǰڶ޴͸ſҰ֮⣬ſ죬һ̷·ȳҪ
𡭡
𡢺𡢺𡭡
һŭ֮Գɵ³ʱѣֲŭХÿռһɿ֮쫷糯ɢ
䡢¡¡¡еһжըѣĩȫҷ
һޱȾ޴ַݺݵĲ£۵³һѪ屻˳ȥ
ҿ
ַֻоҪѣôѵԴ죬һŭ֮Ȼֲ˵ز
Ի֮䣬ַֻԳɵ˳ȥͬһӰһ
䡢䡢䡭ֲı촫ըѣԳԿֲŭ֮ԷӰȻ˲Ϣǻɱʵֱš
ڵϣַԺ£һѪסڷϢһǸַ̬㶼ЩԳ˵ĻǿµٶȣԷҪɱĻܶӲ
ˣһӰ˸ֻԳɵַǰַ㱻ԼˣԳɲԴЩ˼ĵˣס𣡡
ַԳһۣ֪ô̬
ԳɾЩ˼Ц£ʵЩ㱻˻˵㡣
ȿȡַ㱻ԳɵĻŪò³Ѫ˵㡭ԳȫΪ᲻ֱӽ
ûʲô󰭰ɣԳɲʵ
û£㱻ѶѡַֹһԳ㶣漴˼һЦ


1045 үǻ
ײϵַԳЦŵԺļһǻҼһɱһˡ
ַ֮ǰԳɸ˴ĿȻ֮ԱǣȻʶԳɿֲʵַ֮ȴףǸֱڿļһʲôʲôƴ˼ƾͶЩøУ˿һŽɱ
ȻԳɵʵֲɱ¾֮أҪɱʮ˸⡣
ԳɣȻʵαҪؼؾصˣҲһսɡַЩɻʵ֮أԳֱ̬ԣѾ𲻵ʲôˡ
ַ㣬뷨ʹˣĺ֮ףɲֻޣĺϹ֮ʱһֱڣڻĺУ޾ʬǣЩʴʬǣһµǿߣ޾£ĺĵصףǸޱȾ޴ıأ֮һЩ֮й¶֮Ϣõʱ򣬻һЩöʱȽ٣ϹŴսʱıǸˡ
Գɻ˵ַ󰵰ͷƺǰڵ硢˵д̱һһĺɲǰĴ󺣣Ļ֮أϹŵսԼ£ĺ̺ıأǾ˵ġ
㲻˵ⱦأֻ˵ޣڰ˻ľЩǳҲһɵԳɼ˵ңƬ֮֮Уһˣʵֲ
šַ΢΢ͷȻԳɶ˵ʵֲĿ£ԯ֮ͬصģԳָȻԯ죬ˡ
ַԳ˵֮ʱɳɳ½ܿûʧԳûȥᣬȻЩӰֶַǷǳļɵ׷ɱȴȻ뿪ƨҷһ
ַ㣬Ҵǰȥ֮һǷõһЩöԳɶַЦ
áַ΢΢ͷҲҪνĻ֮ô¡
㾹Ȼû˸Ҫ뿪һĮƮַɫһͣ漴ĮһЦ
һӰ̤գɫַ㣬У͸˿˿ĺɱ⡣
˵ôڰӰֵ׷ɱ֮»ԭ˰֣վӲһˡԯ츩ַ㣬ַ㵱ˡ
ͬ磬㱻ѹƻܣ˹ڻҪҵĳ裬ҪϴˢѾˣǳ裬޷ϴˢַ˵ԯ죬˵ѡ
ԯΪͬ粻ַ㣬Ծ͵Ҫɱַ㣬Ȿһܵı֣խ㹻ǿ󣬾͸÷ַ㣬ɳսԳɴˣֱڿ죬çײַײϧȣԯûȡ
ɣվԯַ㣬ȴԳЩͷĵļһԳүү
ţԯɫһĮɨԳһۣȻ˸ңԳүү
֮أԯսΣַ⣬ܻ֮ͬ˾˰š
ԯŲһ磬ʱµȭŶռХһԽ˲併Գǰ
ԶЩԳŭһͰԵͬԯײ¡¡Ŀ촫ַˣǿֲನԳܡ
ԯ屻ˣ˲صԭأȻԳվǿȻ
˭ԯɫ͵һԳʵ˵˿¡
ԳүүԳɽŲ͵һ磬ȻĿ࿴Ʊ׾ȻٶȴǿַղѾʶˣԳһŭЩӰ޷ȥ漴˲ɱĨɱˣ硣
˿ҲһԳһĽŲƼ򵥱׾ϸۿƺ̺һƵС
ԯɫһŲһ̤գʱһɰ֮ƻۣƹƬռ·𶼱ҪԳշѹ

𣡡
¡¡
ԳһȭռݣԳɵֱƺ˼Σؿռ䷢죬ԯƺһ͵ײ˼֮ϣʱЩȫѣĩ
䣡ԯһɿޱȵϢţѪݣ͸һѪ
ŭ
ԯ죬Ȼˣڶθɣȳ裬ַĸ
Ҫԯɫ죬ԳɣѪݣ֣һ̵ԯս
ɱһŭ֮ŶԯƷѵ죬֮ǰȻ޴Ѫɫ֣Ϊԯ
âһԳɵƳһľַռʱ˵Ǹɫľ³ڴԳɽŲ˳ȥľ裬ʱյʣ·һԻ֮âľ趯صĺХ֮ܳƣȻƬռ·ȫľ
ԯѹԯȵԯִţһѪɫĹ֣Գɱȥ
һ򵥵ͺȶԳɵľǰյгһ֧ޱȾ޴ľ룬Ҫѹ塣
¡ԯ˲仯ΪĩɢڿգޱȾ޴ľ֮Ӱ·ѹ
ԯɫ䣬ֲѪϣ¡¡Ŀ첻ϣеһжҪ飬޿赲
Գɡԯŭһ¡¡һµ죬ڽǿµĹ漴ԯĽŲȻˣתǶߣȻûκμսȥ˼
ȻԳ֮ӵм
ַһȻߵԳɵߣƺη㣡
ԭԯǼһĺᣬ´ٸһԳɵ۾
ַԣԯǼһĺᣬԳɾȻʺ˵ɡ
ԯʣʺᣡַ۾Գɡ
ԳԴ漴үӾǻʣں⹷ƨʺᣡ


1046 ƻĶ
үӾǻʣں⹷ƨʺᣡ
ԳɵĻַĿ⽩һԣѹˣѹԳ̬·ǿޱߣûѪţ˸оľս
һӺ£һжҪԯ첻ϵʹóǿͨղŽһֵסһжôֲ
ԯʵַģͬ磬շѹԯ죬ҪķѲСԳޱȣںԯ졣
үָ㸸ףַһ
үӵӡԳЦַˣȻǻ֮ĻߺˣԳɵүүΪʡ
ҲѹԳɵôˣɱ֮ʣһҪԯ죬ǻʵ˭ɵ֣ңɱ֮ʵˣүү϶ҲͨĻʣӦǸܹɱ֮࿹Ļʣ
ģүӸһõԼֵͨ·ҪԼΪԳүүҲ֪ү첻ˣ֪ж˻ᶯҡԳֹһûΪǿԳַǷ۸ڶԵúƽֻ֣ͣȴ͸ֱʣַϲԯּһﲻ֪ö١
·վҪԼΨǿ󣬲аʸ񡣡ַĿԯǰ߸ϣ·ƿɱȨҪɱɱҪо͹УԳɵ֮Ψֱ֮˲ˣʵͬɵĲࡣ
ٺ٣û뵽ô͸ַ㣬ҲعǫĿֲʵٶѪǿ֮ͬ˸ܹսʤ㡣ԳɺЦ˵ַɫһԳɣԳɾȻ֪ӵзǱѰѪĻΪλ˵ٶѪǿ
ؾȣܹܵӵ֮ѪȻ֪ΪλӵѪԳɼڣַǾޱȣԳɾȻӵ֮Ѫܹܵõʲôͨ
ߣȥһлĶܲҵЩʲôԳûѪַ˵һ漴˽Ųһ뿪ߡ
ԳһַףԳһ֮ظͲΪ˴ԼһĶģ֮ҲûκεĹ˼ɣĿŵ֮صУһֱ֮ͣء
ߵĻ֮ϢҪŨһЩлĶԳɵĽŲͻȻͣ漴̧ͷϵͷš
ַŲ̤Ƭ֮󣬵Գɼ⣬Գɺ
Գɼ˲ַߣ˲䣬ɫɵһ̧ͷϿգһǿĻ֮͸ƺǳŨ
Գ̧ͷַ㣬ЦԭѰһĶôעġ
˵գԳֱ̧һȭͷϿպ˳ȥֲ̼ı촫һɻ֮˳ǿҡ
ǿǸСĻĶûʲôԳЩʧĵҲѹƬ֮صĻĶ֪ж٣ƿֻ仯ÿһʱĶŻĺزؿǵı仯á
֮ϮԳɺַϣ˶ûа㷴Ӧַܹʹû֮ĺҽ룬Ȼη壬ȻԳɣȴҲһ㶼ں˱Ыȴֱӵǲࡣ
Ķںܶ˶ԣߣһӴܣǶԳɶԣȴΪѰĵطȥƿĶɻ֮ӳ
ַ㣬ȥѰѰԳɼûʲôϣַһ˸뿪ߵĻ֮ӣʱΧȺȫԶ뿪ˣڶʱû˸ҹˡ
ַΪ˻֮ԵʣԻ֮ϢУټܿ죬Գ˱ҵ˺üĶԳÿһζǶ˵ֱӾһȭĶ俪û֮ӳȴһʲôûҵ
Ļ֮ƺƫӦҲһСĻĶһˡʱԳ̧ͷϿգһȭ˳ȥ¡ı촫Ȼȴûлĵӳ
ţԳ£̧ͷϸĴһеĸߴƺЩһ
ƣԳһȭĺ˳ȥ¡ľ漴һɵĻ֮ӳɲ̫ǿҡ
ơơԳŭһȭţ¡ը촫һޱȿµĻ֮ڶĿֲ
ɫϵĳ¿׹䣬Ŀռ䶼ڲͣҡһĻַɫ͵һƺƿһǿĵش
Գɫһ漴һЦַ㣬Ļ֮ǿֻصıȽϵ׹ҵһĻĶˣûʲôö
ַɫһͣĵԽԽǿˣϿղкɫ׹һһͬʱ׹£ĺ׶˵ıأеı̵ļӲС
ƺܵɿֲĻĵϢ˶׷ƿ뿪Ƭ
ȻȻҲ˳ߵУȻԯ档
ԯ쿴ȺԳɵɲǣɵɫһ⣬Ȼûûйһ
ȻȴһЩߣĿⶢⲻ׹Ļƺڴʲô⣬Щ˵ʵǿҲΪǲֵܹסǿĻ֮
ַ㣡һ촫ֻĳȺ棬ַ˸
ˣַ㽫ߡ
ԶһµĽâƲ񷣬ռնһ꣬ϱŽ£޲͸ǿ֮Ϣһ֣·Ҫ˵Ŀȥ
һҲˣԳɵ͹һû뵽Ҳˣ


1047 ܹ
ǿĽϢַĿ⿴ˣŽûκϢţȺܹĸܵϵĽ⣬·˱Ϊ
ַ㣬һ콣ʵĺ˽ޱʲôԯˣ˵˾Գ˵һǴɤһڣʱ˶һЩ֪콣ʵĺ˵ǲȣһЩ֪˴˿ȴ¶ɫ
콣ʣ֮ʣǧǰ˻ģ콣ʴӰ˻ľʧ˵ѾţȻȴȥĵط׷߾ˣǧѣԽʶҲǵļʮ졣
콣ʣַɫ΢΢һʹУΪ֮ˣбһ콣Уˣ콣ʺᣬѹֲҲ罣򽣶ڡ
˸£ȻҲǳ죬ȻǽޱҲ֮ء
Уַ֮˵Ծ޴˵ޱ֣һҲɻ䣬Ȼǲ֮ˣɱ¾֮أַôʶһλصǿߡ
ֻޱĽŲǰȥǻ֮·⻪һеһʣҪգȺֻͷϿշһµĽâ춼ѳһڰѷ죬ĶʱĵϢɢøӵѸǿң˿ʼˣ޷ܵס
¡¡׹ԽԽޱͷųһɿµĽ֮⣬ʱЩӲĻ˲䱻ĩޱڿǻûвʲôö
꣡һ촫ֻһѣһöںɫĹȻûѵ
ȺʱһкöĺĸʴǿµģֻҪУ£Ȼᱻʴʲôʣ£˽ޱƻֻҪö֣ζǺö޷ʴ
ˣޱһǺںɫ֮ץȥȻȴڴʱһµİӴֲزıѣɼжôĿֲ
ԳүүĶ㻹Ҫ
Ķַ㷢ֵģЩ˺汻ˮ㣬ԳɸղűҲǣȻб֣ȻǶԽޱһ˹ȥ
ںɫ֮ﱻǿֲԳɽŲһ磬ֱӳǺںɫȥŲѸ͡
ߣޱĺһһ貵Ľâ·ҪƣӰɱһ𣬿ռ䶼·Ҫ飬Χ˱ǿֲನѪ
ɱŭһޱٶնһյУԳɵ·
ΧȺ˸׷׳źںɫ֮ȥҪԳ뽣ޱս֮ʱ֮
˭ңԳɱһֲŭ֮ÿռ䱬ѣһױȵţļػ۵³һѪͷȻʵδҲ̫Щ
˼ûˣҲͬһ֮Ѫڣֹסǰ
ӹ
ԳɱһһϺ̼䣬Ƭճһµɽ壬ѹ£ЩȺ
䣡ֱӱɽѹɱЩŵͷȻʵδҲֲ̫
ܹԳɣɫһ˻֮һͨĺɫľʹõ˿ֲˣֻһңܹ
ܹܹͨɽ£˺ϮѹȣܴܣǴɱ֮
ַΪȣԳܴأĿĹһʶãҲȷʵֲ˿ԳڽޱսܹãѾǴĹӵ֮ͨɽޱ죬ɱԳɵĹģ겻͸
˸ǲٴǺںɫˣǵǰͻᱻԳһ
ַ㣬öԳɵַһ漴˵ͷŲȻһ磬ǺںɫĹȥ
ңɱȻȴԳ赲סַĽַ㵯ָûַ׾ͽںɫĹᵽУڸõɲǣֻогģıأһ鲢Ĺ֮ͭȴ·ǧ㣬Ŀֲ
âһַ㽫֮
ǺںʯޱȣܹޱȼӲʥֺںʯֻǿߣܷŹɱ֮ͨޱַߺںʯʱ˵һסԳɣɱɶߺںʯ
˵գޱͷų콣裬ͬʱŭʣʱؼȫǽӰƬռ
Хޱ
ȺɫһޱŭˣǿĹ֮Գɷ޾Ľ⵱У屻˼ɲˡ
ַɫȴһֻһĿֻ⳯оһ⣬ǳ䡣
ͣ͡һ촫漴ַֻоһ̹ǵĺ⽵٣â˲Ϣ
ˣַ㽫Ƿӡȡĵ˲𣬶뿪ɲǣһâţղڵλóһӰ
ĿɨǺӰһۣǰӰ֣Ⱥ쵰겻ɢڸղŶɱһ
ߣַĵߣȺʱ׷׳ַ׷ɱȥȻﻹ׷ɱϣ˲ͱַ˦ˡ
Գַ㵹һҲģʵӣټֲʵ˭Ҷ
ַ㣬Ž֮زã㾹ȻʶԳɣ˸ַĿһ˿֮ɫ
ǼһԸֱˬܺദҶȭʶˡַЦŻӦģǼһ˵֮λʣ
ʣַ㣬ҡҡͷַһ૵ѵԳƭң
Ҳûƭ㣬үүǴԳʣ
Գʣַɫһĵʣ
΢΢ͷȴַ㵹˿ʴԳ֮


1048 ŭս
ַ㵽˵˲ʣ֮ǵһ˵û뵽Ȼܹ֮Ϊѡ
ԳԲ˵һӵ֮һɽӣĿ£ңԳ俴Ʊ׾ӵһȻԵȴҲǼĿֲܹܻʮһʽӵΰܹܻֶΡ
Ļ˵Ŀ¶һĨη֮⣬Գ֮ڰ˻ľǼɻʵʱΪݣȻȴ˿ʡ
ңԳֻжΪĳ磬һҵԳɣǿһҹ֮ҴӰ˻ľӴ˰˻ľ˶֪Գɴˣڰ˻ľԳɼǺŵģû˸Ķ
Ŀַ¶һĨЦ⣬ַܹԳɽʶַȻкôģܹͨԳɵõԳշĻǼַ㵽ȥףЩĳҲҷŸƨġ
ַ£漴¶һĨЦ⣬û뵽ԳǼһﻹʷ֪ĸ֮ôùԳɵ屻ΪƽأǿɱȻΪ˴ԳĶһ˻ľˣԳΣա
ѹܹܵѪַ˵ԳɼȻ֮ضѪǷǳеģľѪԳɸӦҲ
ѪɫһַͣҲӵǿѪ
£ַһЦɫһ漴ЦŨһص湻ģ˵ַûǿѪܹǿ̤죬ͬѹԯ졣
ҡЦ
ʲôôĹߣַЦЦĿģɫһ쵰һֲ⡣
ҧԼַָ
ڿ˰ɣĶݺݵĵ
Ըʲôַʼ硣
쵰һɺŶ
⣡ֲķ֮ͷţֻ̼о޷漴ͼַǿн§ס۾ɵôġ
ӦҾͷſ㣡
Σҧ
ùǣַаЦ£漴ַĵļͷƺҪΪ½
쵰Ŀˣ̫޳ˡ
ãҴӦ㣡
Ŀַ涯ַ֣ЦµͶˣ
˵ַ㽫ķſĿ⻹ĿŶԷȻȴĶ¶һĨǳЦǣ´ҪԸ˵Ҫô³
ַôоЩ䰡
ǿǺںʯʲôַһЦתƻ⣬漴ֻâһڵļӲַ֮Уޱȳصĸоһʯͷ·ǧ㣬ѹַоֶЩۡ
㿴ַ㽫ںʯݸġ
Ľӹֻͬоһɫ΢΢ˣأһͭСĹʯͷȻһСɽһأδҲֲ̫ˡ
ûʲôͬѰĵطַ˵һԪںںʯתݣ֮ȻȴֻǹȥһɫӦڻ˵ԵʣɫЩ
ʲôûСЩɻĵںʯյģûʲô·˵ӡʲô󹥷֮ͨˡ
ںʯȻ󣬵ûʲôãضԳɺǽޱõģҲῴֱӴսһַ˵漴ûںʯԳȡɣԳа취ҵ
ںʯӲޱȣҲ޷ƿǴʥĲϣԳɺͽޱõȻ볤ΪԼʥںʯƿûʲôкöҲҪ˭ϣܷӳáĵǲںʯǶô󣬳ȥ˽ףʵ£رȥҲô׵ġ
ˡַ㽫ںʯĿ⻷ƬڰĿռ䣬İѪɱ¾֮أַɫҲ΢΢˼֣ȻƬ֮ص˶ҪɱˣôȻҲҪñɱ׼ҲĴ˼ɻˣǻҪȥС
Ц£Ҳǵһ̤Ƭ֮ؾҪɱңʵƬռǻĴôֻΪ˵ĵʯַ㣬һҪΪͽˣ
ַ㿴һֻۣԷдһĨõЦ⣬ַԴͬЦ
ɣ
ַһ֮â˵忪ʼ˸
ȵȣƬַ̣סĵ壬һɺ⽫ǵ֣ɳɳһδ
Ȼ겻ɢΪҺ裬ôΪҵ̤ʯɣַɫվһ
ɳɳһɿ糯߹ֱַš
ͣâ˸һַ⳯ɱ
ݣȻͬʱһ貵Ĺâ𣬽ڰĿռȼǳۣ֡
ɱһţնһâĿ죬ַֻǰԶѪţ˲һ˱նɱ
͡͡һַɱַɫ䣬һŭնΧȫһǳ貵ĽţѪĿռţüӰַնϡ
¡¡µַɱַȻת㿴ԯվգһԵޱȵļ֮·һĥ̳շѹҪɱ
ƣַһ޾âţĥնѣ̼仯Ϊޡ
ʥԯŲˣĿ䣬ַϣȻʥ
ԯ죬һֱǿͬ粻ұҾͣҪһɱΪԶˣֻǲмսȻһζңǱսɣ
ֳַɫ


1049 ַı
ԯĿⶢַϣɫ䣬Ȼӵʥ
ܹʥˣҪʥƵ˽⣬ʥ̻֮ڱУʹӵʥƵ
ַܹصշǳյлûǳ֮Ӱ֯ӳǿܡ
ҲʥȻȴУֳַʥսޱȡ
ԯ˫ӡʱһɿֲĲŶǿѪݣ·ҪսƵء
ֳַһƿֲĽâϵŶ˷ɱȥǿޱߣǺڰյУǳĹ֯һ𣬷·һ޼᲻ݵĿֲҪһжݻٵ
𣡡ԯͻȻ䳤Хһʱֲޱȵ˷ĳַȥַֻ̼оһ嶼΢΢ζ£Ȼԯһ֮ûԳôǿңַоѪ·ҪըѰ㡣
ɱͬʱԯŭһһޱȾ޴ԯֳַշѹɱȥ죬·˲ϢҪַϡ
ˣַҧҧѹնǳ𣬺¡Ŀ¾֮زӳַ
ɣԯü֮һɫսַնɱȥޱǿ
¡¡ֲնɱȥʱǽɫĸͷųֲĽɫ⣬ַüնȥ
ڣ
ַһֲ̼ŶȻһĹڣΡΰź֮
ǣ
ֲͷնڹ֮ϣùڲҡβͣȻȴ޷ն
֪Ϲڣԯ쿴ַȻûڣɵĿȻһͣ͸һĨɫȻڡ
ԣһڣһǷûɵڡԯɫ䣬ϵ£۳ɹڣ֮ӿ֪ϹڡϦǺֻһˣ½һַ㣬ܵõȿֲеġ
ַĻǿʢһֱҪȱľҪǿǾ޸еټڣԯԣȻڵûַʧǳĿֲԯҲ޷ҡˡ
ȻҪ˲佫Ϯɱַɫ䣬ڹâţս޷ҡͬʱе裬һնɱʱһױȵĿ¹⻪̼š
գԯһ˲ϢջأͬʱһĿֲһɱ֮ţеһжҪԯսˣһòͣĺˣֱ嶼޷ֱתߡ
ַ㣬ҳὫնСһ֮
ַĮĶԯԶȥӰɫĮΪɱҾϧ밵Ӱ֣ԯ죬Ϊǿߵ·ϵĵʯ
˵գâûַеʧ
ԶһӰ˸ַߣȻˣַֻ㣬ͣ˸š
㵽׻жңĵһһģֳһǿʥΪһδֶҲ̫Щ
ԵΪһͬߣҽҵܶɡַ˸Ц˵
ð˿ַЦΪջ
ˡַһЦ
ַ㣬ԯҵСˣʱһֺ漴ַ㿴һӰ˸ߣǴɤŷ·±˵㣬ȻԳˡ
ԯ쾹ȻᰵӰ֣ҪҵַӦһԳɫһĵҪҪȥŪ
ַһ㶣漴Ц£һ湻İҲֻһôɵ˵ҪȥŪԯ졣
ڱ֮أԯ˭˲֪Գô˵֪᲻Ц
ãҲɱңԯ죬ҵġַɫԯԯᣬΪǿ·;еĶҲ̤ʯ̤ԯʬϵǿߵĽݡ
ãȻȻûԳɴ漴Ŀ⿴ģЦŵַ㣬ϱ𣬳ø繫һ
ַ㿴һֻۣǳЦ£ûж˵ʲôַȻҲȥ˵ơ
ⶫšַ㽫ںʯԳɡ
ԳɴֵĽ֮ӹЦⶫүϲУҵûʲôã֪᲻ʲô
˵Գɽ֮ںʯޱȼӲҲûаķӣƿ˺ںʯӣҪںʯǲǲʲôö
ԳɣһæַԳɿڵ
˵ܰһû⣡Գɵͷ
׷ɱԯ죬ҪŪֻҪһ˶ɱˣܵˣҪһƵַ֣һâԯ첻ǺΪͬ°ܸϧһҪɱ
Ҫԯ춪棬ʺԯ죬޷Ϊͽ˵һͽǶôЦһЦ
ַĻһ£漴¶һ˿ǳЦַһҪԯأԯ߳ȥ˵ĿⶼȴͽΪˣǽΪ֮صһЦ
ңԯѾºڣҪΪһͽΪ֤飬ϼǧס
뵽⣬ķ·ܹóԯ콫ٵĳ
ٺ٣򵥣ͽҰɡԳЦȥλʵͽʱȥ档
ûУʯʺյһͽ֮ؽп顣ַ㿪ڵ
ԭˣһºȥ㣬ȥԼɣ˵գԳҲ˵ֱת뿪Ѱԯȥˣ


1050 Ӱ
ȻǸӣǴԳʵĿԳ˵ߣɵҡͷЦַ˵ǰ㡢ֱˬ
ԯ첻ϲ𣬼ȻˣǱҲ±׷ɱζַЦ˵
İַһۣЦص̨ʱԯ¾Ҫˣʱ϶֮ǡ
ںַ㵭Ȼ˵â˸ƵгһС֮֮ݸĵⶫѾ⿪˺ϵ͸㡣
Ҳáҡҡͷûκԥľܾ
ַץĵ֣֮ģЦŵϼ֮սƫһѾ޴ĴΪǵֱϵ֮˴֮ΪǱǵİȫս˵˻ľ޾ʱһЩΣ֮ң᰺ǵĶϣ㻹һΣ𣡡
ңɫһַһۣӹ֮Ҳ¶һĨõЦ⡣
㽫õ֮ˡ
ַʼ磬ǿˣҪɱĪºˡ
ƸˣǲҪˡַ㺩Ц
ðʱԣ΢΢̧ͷü䣬Цַ㣬ʱַˡ
Ƚɣ֮ٹַЦ
ĵԴСֲֹͬң
ַһȻˣ֮£ȥˡ
֮֮أδмӵ֮ȱ֮ҲûܹҪǵ
ľնɱǿıܣַĵ磬֮ظ
ַΪأأһҪɱһһʮˣȻҪѸͣܶزأǰɱǣٽ֮ɱٶ졣
Ȼɱ¾֮ضΪɱ¾ԣַҲ׿Ȿ֮أ̤ԭɱ¾뱻ɱѾע
ʱһС֮ϣУϢƽԵúͨ
ɳɳϸ΢ƮַĶĤУַĶ䶯˶ʶӳȥҲˡ
΢΢һĨȣַ¶һ˿ЦݣеǺܾˣ
ģ½޾굱УַĿʵƺġ
Ҳ˵޾궼иǿ츳ֵܹǿҪӵߵѪǿжǿЩ꣬Ϊ֮ɱǵǹꪣӵǿ㶼ǽӵߣͬ˭˵ǵһǿ󣿡Ļ˵㽣ϣС꣬ǿУǿµꡣ
ΪӰַЦʵ
Ӱܹ꣬Ӱǽ£ȫû壬ǧɱ˲ۣӵӰӣӵӰǿߣ˶ΪİӰ֣Ƭɱ¾֮Ҳв٣߰ʺǱУãӣӰ֮Ӱ겻֪ɱ˶ˡ
ַ˵ͷȷˣӰⰵĿռ䵱Уɱޣ˿Ҫ򵥶ˡ
ɳɳһȵ΢˺ַҲȷûп㣬̸ƺ⣬ȻЩŹֵǣַȻϢȻĵԣȴѩƮƬռ䶼һ㺮⡣
ˣͻأģһɼȷı֮·ռһ˲䶼̵ñѣַǰͻȻദһµУҪֱӴؿڡ
һϢţ̼䣬ַһѩ·֮ϣһĨâ֮ϣ޷ƿȴַ΢΢¡
ѩ·ٵӣƺ׼ֻ̼ͽǰһӰֵУͬʱһ޴ʯַǰ棬ʯУ̺ſµķ֮
Ӱͣ£ƺԼַֻн֮Уɵһδַ㡣
ҷ⣡ַһֲʯѹŶħҪؿռ䶼סƬѩ·һУҪ
¡һ⻪ħʯײһȴһ·ơ
ˡˡˡһħʯַϷ˳ȥһ޴ʯȫ͸ſֲķ֮˲ͽǵӰӷ棬ٶȿ磬·һж׼͵Ŵ˿̵Ľ١
ʵϣַҲȷ˰ӰֺܾãƺһӰǰɱңӰӵߡ
𡢺𡢺𡭡һ̣ŭ֮񷣬ѩ·вϵĻصַ󣬳һͷӰֲޱȣ̺µܡ
Ѫһ֮Ǳħʯѹס֮˾ȵĵȻֻһӰӻص»ӵ⡣
ַ̣³һֻһͷűħʯסӰ˺ҧȥռ䲻ͣ
𣡡˺ҧӰ棬Ȼȴ޷ɵõԷӰַ꣬Ҫɣ
ģշѹַ㻰£ͷųԼ꣬Բ³¿շѹӰѹȵüͬʱַŲһ磬ֳһħʯޱȿ͵͵ĳ¿պɱʱһɿֲķħٵӣӰûӰȻش˿̲ù
䡢䡢䣡ѹȥٶȷŭ𣬳Ӱɶȥ
𣡡
ŭֱ֮ӽӰûѩ·УƺһӰȻδüֱӱ̵ˣһɵ


1051 ɱ¾
һŭصַ嵱УյҲɢΣ񱩵Ŀռ佥ָƽ
Ȼ˿̵ֲƽˣַôӵ꣬ҸղǹѪѪҷǳ
𺳵ǣֱֵ꣬ӽ˵˶ֱɵˣ꣡
һԣܿͽƽַѾֹһˣЩϰˡ
ôоЩͬѰһЩɻʵ
ҵ걾Ϊޣӵ֮徭Ѫ죬ͳڵꡣַӦ˵ɫ΢ԭˣַ㾭Ѫϴʹɵġ
㡭ҪӵӰ꣡Ŀַ㣬һ
ַǳǳһЦһΪӰʧĵǰӰΣ·ôƾʧ˰㡣
죬Ȼ뵽ַʹõͲ²㣬û뵽ܹ껯ΪԼãδҲ̫ˡ
ͻȻֻоһ漴ɫߺ죬Ϊˡ
쵰ٲԡҧгݣȻסˣǰַǼһﻹ˭
ԡԡַһЦ漴ӰһγĵǰӰȻ죬̫ˣ׽ŮѾѹЩɱֱ˳ΪӰ֣ǵʵǿһЩټֲֿӰ꣬ǻǾ˵ġ
ԣҧЦЦĶַ㡣
鲻Խַ㺩Ц
㵨ӵԽԽˡĺݺݵıַ㣬ʵӵо㲻ңܹɾ꣬ȫΪãһϰɣ
ַ£漴һ貣ҹ
ʼ磬ַЦŵ껹ڣò˵ʹÿһͷֱ꣬Եõֲͬꡣ
ͷ΢΢ĳ鴤£꣬ʲôֲ̫ˡ
˫ӵ߶֮٣ϾǿߴһѪǳ⣬һ꣬Ǳ˫꣬ң궼ǳ˸Ƿëǣڰ˻ľҲֻ˵̬ļһӵ˫꣬궼ǳ֣ǵսǿµģ
ַ㣬ܹɾ꣬ȫ뵽Լ嵱Уǽᷢεȿ֮£ļֱ̫˼ˡ
ȻǰַʵҪ㹻ǿɵ
ַ㣬ɾΪʱԯɵͻȻ뵽ʲôЦ˵
ַĿ˸£ûмʶԯأĵ˼ƺǳ
ԯʲôꣿַʵ
ԯѪе꣬ԯ꣬ǧ򻯣ǳǿܹɼԼϣܸĻ˵ҪʵȥĻɵΪԼá
ַ˵ͷȷʵˣʵǳϦ֮£κ˶еҪǿûǣܹ»ûΪ˵ĵҩûеõҲ˴ηǳҪΪͽԭλߵĻҲлʣʯʺʣȻ֪ܹõֵҩģָһ·
ңľֵҲǼʶ㣬ҲҲ֪
жɣȡ̵ʱ߳ȥַ㻺˵΢΢ͷ˴ο飬ܹ߳ȥʮһϣôͽܱܿص̨İʮһˣȻӦȡʱ䡣

谵Ŀռ䣬ϢһӰϥƺƮݵİɫڵϣΪ̲סҪ׽һ
ʱԶһӰĿĮĶǵӰ˸һĨа⣬Ȼɱ¾֮˵Ȼⲻ
òӰаȫĽԼϢסȻĳǰӰȥŲĿӰûа㷴Ӧе̰а֮ǿ࣬Ƭ֮أκε֮¡
治ڿӰʱ˲ҪȥȻͬʱһ貵İ׹ţΣյµϢɫ䣬Ȼ˿̶ܶѾˣ貵Ĺâһţֻоһʹ漴޷ȥ
˿ףãңһ壬˵塣
Ӱ֣ޱɳƵһΪԼ˰ӰֵС
ǵӰվźڰ΢΢ͷ漴ƮȻ뿪ӰȻˣ˿ָֻ˪ĺ䣬ҲɱˣȻҪɱǵˣȻҲŹ
Ƭɱ¾֮أҪɱǵ̫ˣɱ¾֮زͬĵصݣÿһĻ˵ƣ˶ɱˣ⣬ȫɱҪôַһҪôַԷħ˲ϢԷסȻɱ
̶һյʱ䣬ַѾɱʮˣɱʮˣЩ˶Ҫɱǵˣ֮أɱ¾֮ء
ңɱ¾ԶֹͣƬռ䲻ϵţΪ棬ΪǿʵϧһУ
˲²ڶΪƬɱ¾ռ䣬Ϊɱ¾ܹһ˱ü͡Įʹ֮־ǿҲΪЩڳΪʵ;УȾʬǣҪΪǿߣͱҪ̤˵ʬǰС
Ҳԭ򣬶ڣ
תۼ䣬ǰչȥַʮˣѾȫɱģɱʮˣһ˱ܹ߳Ƭ֮ˣҲԸټѪ磡


1052 ɱ
ʱַ֮ص˸Ĵ͹ȥѾ̽·ߣ;һ˲̫ѡ
ȻַΪǣ˸ãûпһӰɵǾЩ죬Ȼûˣ
ˣڣǰһ󺮷ַ˵΢΢һ٣˳ˡ
ǰӰŶվǣ϶͸һǿҵĺ⣬ַ˿ʱǵжһĺâ
ţַ΢΢£վƺڵȴһѵҲǿҪɱǰ͹·;нɱĻǺһ뷨
мһ˫ֻǰ¶һ˿䵭ɫǵȻɵĿ⣬·ѾַĶ˵
ʦ֣ˣǵ㶼ˣ˴λȥܽѡһ֮ͨʦսٶһ˷еЦȻҲǰ˻ľеһλµӡ
֮أͽǰǻ߳ȥˣܹõһЩôߣɱ¾֮رĨɱ̭ǿߵõ֮ͨøǿλŷķɣ
ַ˵̸а˵ѹ֮صɱ¾ֹͣ˻ľҲв٣ǵͽǲͽǱ츳֮Ϊͽ漴ǳȥǿ̭ǿѭȥɳģҪ˲š
֮;ַǿ棬øǿ
ǶһһɱǱȥΪ֮˵Į³һ漴â˸ü֮Ȼһֻ۾֮
ַͫ꣡ɫһҲˣͫ꣬Ϊͫꡣ
˫ü֮ͫųһĹâ·һԲ£ַĵԲµķΧá
겻֪ӵַͨһҪȥȻȴ嶯ʱԲҲڶƺǣ޷뿪Բ̣⵹Ǻм֮յȫͬ
ȥɱɣַͫУٶȵĮĿڣ΢΢ͷŲһ磬ַɱȥ֮ɱģ֮ɱַ㡣
ͫ
ͷͫ˵ͺһʱԲȻҪһСḥַ̂ͬʱоһǿľԼϣ˲佫˵嶼ѹһ
Ȼǧٹַ֡еͫǷǰδ˻ľʱȻǳ𺳣ȻַȴԵƽ˺ܶ࣬㿴ǿԼҲܱŲ̬ڽƬռ֮ǰͼ¼һʻص֮ͨ
£һ꽫ס漴һ֮ɱδҲ̫ˣ
긡֣һɱ֮Ϣ٣漴͵ĳɱӰӡȥ꾹Ȼգշѹ˲Ϣ˵彩ӲຮĮ֮оı֮С
ˣһͺַֻ֮оһɣԱ徹Ȼʧˣͫ͵һ
ͷ֮Ҳ£ˣ
ȴ͸֮⣬һƿֲϢ֮ţֻһӰӰ·֡
ˣַɫһͣ漴¶һĨЦݣԭĵ꾹Ȼãˣ
һĨѪţ˻δӦʧ񣬱㱻˲ϢĨɱǰһν֮
ַЦɫӲɫǳĲ̫ÿӵͫˣͫȻױƽ⣬ͷ꣬Լ굱г֣һɱ
ˣ
˻ɱɱ¾֮صгɹɱʮˣѾܹ߳ȥˡ
Ŷ̶̵ʱ䣬ΪʯʺʵͽûɣַΪǵǳǰ˭ܹڶ̶̵֮һ޼ɵɱ
ɱʹͫɫĮ֮˵ͬʱѹַ㣬Ҫַεǣַ
ɣ֮˱ĺȵгһӡ˺ſռ䣬ÿռ䷢˻𣬶ַҲܵһɿµ˺һƵȷʵֻ֮ͣͨˣܱܿᱻһ˺ѵӡĨɱ
֮صжǼ֮ΪǲѰ·ַĮ³һ漴һâţħʯ¡һ죬ħʯӡײӡҪס
ɱ
ַվβּһƣȻһƶɣſµȻ֮¡¡ֱӺڷħʯ֮ϣʱħʯâţش֮·У¡һ죬ʯӡ÷飬â磬ŶԷɱȥ
ɫ䣬ٺˣȻһɿµķħƽεסħʯ͵ĺȥ˶ʱݡ
ȻҪɱһҲ޷ַһƺɱһӡ˷ħʯ֮ϣ¡ľ޴ֱӽûɢ
һ
ͫӵɫʱѿַλʦȥɱˣȴԸΥ˷ɱ
ûõķɫӲ˵һ漴ĽŲһ̤Ӱ磬ַɱȥ
ˣ貵ɫ⻪Ŷַֻһ貵ɫһƺҪԷͫ
ȥ𣡡
˱˵ü֮ͫâĥĽַ㶤


1053 
£Ŀ˳ַɱȥĮ³һźâ¹֮£ĽŲʱ˼֡
ߣַ³һĮ֮һͷŶ̼ѩ·֣͵ĺһƣȻȴּɱ·֮޷ַ㣬ͫͷŵ֮ͫҲоСࡣ
貵Ĺ⻪ŶʶĿַ֣֮Ҫʵѹʥѹ֮
ڶݵ˲̻ɱ֮һ֣ʱһɿֲɱŶȻȲַ㻺̻ɱǰǿң̻ɴһʥζУĿ¡
ʥɫһֻǳ֯µɱ֮Ҫ嶼סͫ͵£˲ӵзħʯϹʱѵ챦˲Ĩɱ֮ˣȻӵпµʥ
Ӱı³һʱһຮޱȵ֮Ӱ嶼ֻоڲӰƺ̺ǵǳ䡣
ַ³һ漴еųֲâ֯ɱ֮ǹ⻯һնɱռ䶼һƹޱȣȻȴ͸ޱǿļ֮
˸ܵɿµŭһȻѾˣӰǶʹжٻӦٶۣ漴նɱ֮âһУ޿赲˲Ϣǹ⽻֯ɵɱâû
˸ַߵӵʥΪǰսӲʹá
ʥΪϱͬʵ룬վҲҪԵһЩǿҲͬѳʥϲռƣսʤˡַƽ˵ЩϲǿҲԸʹʥɱ֮ƾȥսܴԼ
ȷҪִţѹսʤͬԯ졣ЦֳʥȴܰѳֲãȥǶִ֮ĴʹַˣǰУΪ˸ǿľ硣
߰ɣҪлл⼸ˣɣص̨ӦñͽˣҲǻ˿ַ㵭Ц˵Ǭǧ˻ľΪʯʺյһͽôҪһ̨ȴӴأǰ޷Ӵ˺£ԳΪͽڱУ˭޷ҡ
š΢΢ͷѾɣڿԳȥˡ
˸˼Ŵͼ̨ķȥ
ʱƬ֮أͼ̨֮أһ޴Ļһ̨ɻ߶УֱһӰػЩˣ侳ǿߣǸʵ֮ˡ
⻡ǳĿڻǰ治ԶкüӰǣ˿һɫѿޱȣͷһɿµϢ
ɣôˣԣ˿ʵԼһôûֻʣ𣡡
Ļˣɵ˵
ʲôɫһɫ˲üˣ
Ļѣζˣɱˡ
ôֻʣˣֻҪȵ˹֮ɱ͹ˣԹʵӦʧֲǡһɫѿ˵͹ֵܣɵʵǳǿ˴δŹǰ֮һȥܽʵȻû뵽Ҫ뿪ʱ̣ɱˡ
֪ǰ·;ɱģǵĻͺܿǸɵġ³һ͸ǿҵɱ֮⡣
ţѾ޷ֲǱȴɱǰ֮ˣΪ𡣡һ˻Ӧ˵ɵͷֻˣ˫ж͸Ѫɱ֮â
Բȴ֮⣬Ƭв˴ڣЩ˸Ҵ࣬кܶҪɱ˾ͿԳȥȥѰңֱãһЩʵ˹ֱɱֶκڱ˿Ҫߵʱɱʯ
ɵĻʱͷһݣкϷˣȻ˻ɱ˹ɵĵܵܣʵɱҲܹ͹ɴսһź档
ַĲ֪ߵǶǵһɱ¾֮أûоеգȻ˽⣬ǻΪѾܹȻ뿪ɱ¾֮أȻ˸ߵʱȴ˶Χڴͼ̨ΧԲռ䣬·ﶼˣңЩ˵ʵǿ󣬷Ҳô޼ɵվ⡣
˿ǰһĻʱŲֹסͣȺһξĵطĿ˸һĸܵĿ۽˵ϡ
ǰһĿ⣬͸һɱ⣬ƺҪǵ
ĿȻǹɵģַֻģЩȷĵʵأַأ˵ʵֱءԼأȻҪѹĺַһѵŮսǿŽɱ
ǶˣɵĿַϣĮ³һƺַıȥ
ɫĮŹɣΪأΪҲ̫Щ
ַͬüͷĿⲻƵĶŹɣʼһɺ⽫֣ңƺ͸ղɱ֮м֮˿˿²⡣
𣿡ַ㵭һŲȴûжֺ
ǹû𣡡֮˱³һ͸ǿҵв֮⡣
ַĿ⻺ת˵֮˵ϣӵĿһۣ漴ѡӣöԷһ֮ˣδҲ̫Щ


1054 ʥ
ֻһ仰Ŀ絶ַϣǶ˵;УǷɱˣ
ȻַɫһݣûпɣΪ·;ɱˣղ֮мơ
ǡַ̹ȻԷѾأʸڷϣǰ漸˵̬ȣҲһ֣Ȼˣ̹Ȼϡ
ַϵĻ˫еĺ絶䣬Ҫַѡ
ɣԶֻǰ㽫ǻɱ֮˵һ
ɣɫ䣬£һɿֲĺϣоһɴ̹֮⣬䡣
һأأַĿɨǰˣǿݣһ𣬼ܹ侳֮غˡ
ܻɱҵܣʵɵĿĵϣȻģΪɱģַ㣬֮ˣܶԸ˹ҪԻɱȻĽַԵˡ
òʵԲһǰ̣ȴҪϧˡɵĮƽУȻòɱܵܣɱˡ
Ҳôãɣ㿴Ůʵǿ󣬶ò绨Ҫȿһͱ·Σ
Աһ˵
ǣɣǺı˪ŮѵͲ𣡡Ƿ˷׷壬ƺΨ²ң˶Ц
ַӳǱ߿һۣâ˸貵ǹŶյн֯ǳͼ
ʥЦ֮ȻֹǵĿ⿴ַе𾪡Ҳ̰
ַֻĽһʱһɿֲ֮Ӷ򵥵һ·ŵϣƺʥƵ
ɫһʥ̻ܿʥƣˣӦǿҵӵܡ
ҲҲ´ˣУĻˡɱ³һַ㣬Ҫɱ
ˣһɿֲĲӶеǳ·Ҳַ㽣Ŀ̻ӳһɿֲɱ֮⡣
ȻʥƵȺͷ΢΢£ؾ磬Ȼ̻ܿʥƵ
ˡˡˣԽԽϢţյд֮ŭХ֮ǳֲǳ֮·Ӧͬ͸ſµɱ
ܿ죬Ⱥַ̻һһʶĿĽʥƵ̻֯ɣ̺ſֲ׵Ļѹδţֵսľĸо֮ҲˣղЩӹַһƨٷһ˲ǡ
貵Ľڽ֯ɣַ㲻ֻƬƬռſ£û˵
ղţǵͲǺܻ˵𣡡
һĮַ³ǸղЦɫһɫǳѿһΪǶ׼İɣ
ɱַ³һһתʱ貵ĺâЩŶһУϽ֯ɵĻǹҲͬʱŶǻ֮һ١
Щ˵ͫ͵ɫ˲òҰΪĵĻǾȻҪ⵽ɱ֮Ǵʱֻ޾ľͻںޣȻѾˣǿֲ˲Ϣ٣̼Ƭռ䶼˳𣬵汬ѣը죬һУȫʧ
˵һӲˣһȫ
ùļһ˵ͷ΢鴤ˣַһûնɣնЩĵˣȻжŮӷǳ⣬Щ˾ȻŮӣŲˣǶֻûж˵
Ŀַһֻۣоͷůϵı֮ʧһĨܰЦ⡣
ַûжԣĿ˹˵ϣֳĵÿ
ȻûַĻ㣬ĮվǣĵֳʥʥԶԿͨǿˣȻʥֻӵУʥҪ
ˣâ˸ɵУһ貵Ľӣ˸һɿµӶ·еͳڲ죬ֱȺУ̺Ŵ
һʥȺͷһгֵĽӣҲʥ̺µ
ģңַ㿴ʹʥֻ£漴ָֻƽĴ˵
Ų͵һ磬ַ¶͸ޱȿµĽ֮·ҪƬض
ͬʱѩƮʹޱǿĽ̺һĨϢΪ졣
ս֯һµɫȴܵȻֳַʥؾ磬ҪѣΣʥġ
ɱַŭһһµĽâŹնɱȥԵ˼ܿӵʥܹԸַؾȴԸˣղű֮˱ַһնɱˡ
ͬʱַһյӣ֣漴ĵֱӳǴͼ̨ķɱȥ
â£һڽ֮ϣ̼·ĿڳŽâſһɿµ֣âС
ˡˡֲڽصȺֻоѪͬʱַ˼ٵĳŴͼ̨ȥһС
գһƴ˽֮ϣʱµĽâȫУýӲݣȴ޷ҡ˽֮
䣡һƳŴԼԿַ˳ȥȻȴյУֻѩ·£޷ҡ
Ⱥɫַ̣㣬ɵɫҲһȻĿַ߿
ߣ
еĽӴʣһ˲Ϣ˳ȥһޱȾ޴Ĺӣ˵һ촫ݺݵĽڵأƬռ䶼棬ַ˵ڵգһбֵ棡


1055 ӹ
ʥ˼ɫ΢ʥޱ߾޴Ĺӣ˲׷ַ㣬Ƭռ䶼棬ַʹյʹԼûյУ˿ɱ˽档
ˣŭֹңȺĶĤſµħ·Ҫַ˴ڽ֮ڣ׶༪ٰɡ
Ų͵һ磬ɽŲ̤ڽ֮ϣɫ䡣
ɣ¶˴ŭƬοռ䵱УŲٴͼ̨̻ż临ӵ·ǴͷܹԽգ˴͵һƬĴͼ̨жʮζţжʮλ
˿˵֮һλߣϢǿصļ̨֮Ͽ̻ż֣˻ļ̨ɣͽΪֳֶΪ⸺شͼ̨˶ϵ
ɱҵֵܣұҪɫ䣬ɱ
Խѹ̺ʥѾշѹΪֵܱ𡣡ߵ˵
ߣȴڴ˿һ֮һؼ̨߷ֻĵƺѾǰȫ޷Χ֮ˣǾҪڴ˵سףΥʶµĹ㻹ջʥ
Ƭĺ׶˵֮أ㶨һЩ򣬱ɱ¾˷뿪⣬ڼ̨ԵĻεشڰȫ򣬽㲻üɱˡ
ֻ˶ַ֪һҲòȥܴ£õһ
̫ˡĮɨһۣʯʺյĵһͽѾƬ֮أƺûһͨͼ̨ͺúõţмܹ߳ȥղʮһ֮ȫ棬ǾͿЦˣ
˵˶ڣĿ֣߳ȹɵڼ̨֮ϣǿʯ֣ʯʺһ⣬֮صʯʺϻĵʲͣⲢʲôܣ֮˽Զ֪
λʶµĹ򣬺νҵ̫ĪѾʷˡʯһ߱˵ȴԷ£ŹɵɣӦѾɱˣ𿴿
΢΢ͷҲΪַģȻѾʥ֮¡
һ¡¡촫ӻȻڽӸɲǣһޱȿµĽ֮ţֻ֯һʥ·ĵ廤С
ɱɲǣַŭһХֶ̼ޱȾ޴ĽǹӺȥ
ˣ
¡¡
ޱȿµ촫ɵɫһҪӼѹȥȴоһޱȿµľ޴ӽ֮ڴݶ͵Ĳ£Ҳ͵ĳշȥ
ߣַһɨڼ̨һ̨Ͽʯ֣Ƿ˸ȥ
ţػʯʺʼ̨ɫһַǳ߶ģҲζţˣʯʺյĵһͽңȵζŽΪһͽ͵ڶͽ
ͬػһ̨ɫҲһͣ漴͸һĨâĵɱ˾ô뿪δ̫˰ɣ
˵һ˲ַ󣬴͵һץʱһɿֲŶַֻоһɿµ֣·ӵһ
ַУ˿̹ɵҲŨŨɱ⣬һʱӳַĵķֶȥ
޳ܡػʯʺһ̨ɫ˲ޱȱػ̳ߣȻΥ򣬶Ҫ뿪ַĳ֣ȻҲַ֪ʯʺյĵһͽеٮٮߣҪ֮ɱ֮

ŭ죬ĺ˫һɱȥһƺʥӣһǺǶԸַĵ޳֮
ַһòٴʹ̼ϵѹ࣬ģ͵ѶԷż̨ȥ
̨Ѿӵ㹻ֱ̨ùʯʺһ˺һ鶼ãֱҪַ뿪
ַ˵ͷԪ˳ż̨ϵ·ң̼һɿµŶҪַĵ֡
ҹŭһʥӻųޱǿҵĽ⣬շѹȥ
һһֲľӡڽ֮ϣ죬ݣһ߽ݵĿ϶ӳһµĹ˽ס͵ĳַڵļ̨ȥ
󵨣ʯһ˾ŭ˼ַ̨ҲҪһ֮δ̫ˡ
ˣ
ֲַڣҪ뿪ͬʱߵĿֲɱӡַ֮ϡ
ǣյѵַȻǿߵĹҪѣǿµĹǰַġ
ÿһҪַƿȻȴ˸գֻһâ˸һӰǰ棬ס
ŭһֲںѪԼ֮ŶԷĹӡȥ
¡
ˣ
ռΣޱȿµ֮Ŷַĵʧռ̨ߡ
ˣ֪ûɱַ㣬ɵɫ䣬ͬųɱŭ⣬ַˡ
Ƭַ֮ĵ̨֮ϣâӡƺǳ泩Ȼַȴǿһ۵³һѪȻղߵĿֲһƻ˵
ô£һ䵭ֻغֱֱַѪɵüͷһ壬Ȼͨ˼̨ôˣǸո˵ģѵ˸ڼֲַ̨ɣ


1056 ɱ
ַĿǻΧһۣһģȵˣ̨֮ϣûˣ
ַͷһϲ֪ͽλǰսԣӦλеһۺʵǣôܾͲˡ
ַ㳤³źֵҼ̤ϼ̨֮ʱһλػ̨˶ҳ֣Ҫһɱ
ţ
üͷһϢţַƺܵһεķʡ
Ȼ˵ڼ̨֣÷ֱ˵ַ㣬ΪҪɱ㡣
֮ɱһˣһλͽĵܵܣΪأӵʥɱ̨ڵķΧҪȻṳֹ̂ϼ̨漴ػ̨֮˱Ҳ֣Ҫһɱ
ַһһʮ˵ĻֵһǿĺӶ
ɱ¾֮أɱ¾Υʶ¹Ϊ˱ڼ̨ɱ֣÷ַ㣬ȥһˣĮ³һַ΢΢ͷվ
ҲȥҲҪǰ
ֵĵ˵ͷ˹â˸ܿ죬һǴУͽ֮ء
֮صĳڰռ䵱УӰͻأĽ٣ַԼԼסʹ˴͵ͬһλá
ͣһֲɱߴɱһֱĻӶ̼˵Ϣ䣬ʣ˲ɱַûνԷ˲Ĩɱġ
ߣǿַİ棬˵λ⣬ż̨ķ˸ȥٶ֮캧š
ַģ˻һۣÿµٶȣʹ֮Ҫֲֵܶ࣬ʵжǿ
һնֻأ֮ʱǬЩһǰҲ
䣡ԯֻоһޱȿֲ쫷Ͽջ̧ͷȴѾӰ˿̵ΪǱԳ׷ɱ˽յʱ䣬ûͣһ£èϷŪ㣬Ҫк͸ַ㣬һַԳɸɵġ
˭ôֲԯ૵֪ղŴϿջк͸ˡ
ԯСӣܣȻԳүүһ㣡һֿԯɫ˲òҰѿĿ͸Ŷ񶾵Ĺâ
үүģԯƿڵһ漴ٶ˸ߣټȥҪˣϣԳɵȥɣûпϵܹΪһͽ
ִַԼļǰУ·;еһжֱӺԵֱ̨֮ضȥ
ܿ죬˱ٴ˼̨֮أ̨ΧЩȺɻڣǴ˿ŸղŷһĻȻʥһʥƿ֮˽һλصꡣ
ΪɵĳԹʹλػ̨˶սһ˭Ҳ޷κε˭ʯһļ̨ػȻԹҲֻܾʹգֻǺ޼һıֶΣ̫޳ˡ
Ѿ̨ͨ뿪Ƭ֮أһļ̨ػ֮ϴĮЦʱмɨʯһߣڼ̨϶ΣղһӦòɣԷΣûɱˣ
ʱ򣬼̨Χռ䣬ӰâкȻַĵӰ档
ΧȺһĻĿʱһǶˣѾ̨ͨ뿪Ƭ֮أôֻˣ
ܿǵĿ˺ֵϣ²⵽ô£ʯʺһǿ߼ܵ裬ǰˡ
¸ˣȺһĻаô»ˣǿ߶˵˺ӣֱٴɱƬ֮ء
Ӱ磬Щ̨֮أͣ
ػ̨ǿ߿һĻҲ£漴ҲΧһ׷ʲô飬Щ²ؼļ̨ػ֮˱һϷ̬ȤҪʯ˫սźأԪˣǰһ
ʦ֣ʯʺһļ̨ػ֮˿£漴¶һĨЦ⣬ʦ־ȻˣȻȺҪȻʵڶ״ӣҪһʦֵģֻ۱ֲ䡣
һļ̨ػʲôһĿⶢź֡
ַ㣬˭ɵģֵһַĿת漴ʼ̨ػ֮˵ϣĮ
Ŀתͬϣʱ˵ɫһ·һεѹ١
֣һɫһĨɵ֮ɫʯìȻϵúִ˵ġ
ֻ֣ؽ֣ĿһͣͺȻֵѾ˱֮صķ룬˻ľͽҲ֪Ĵ
ȻֶˣǼһߵˣβֻ֪ô¡ȺԽȤſϷ̬
ֵֻĽŲ̤ȥ
֣ʲôɫӲʵǣƬռ˼̨ػߣǲڵģ
ʲôʸ̸򣡡Į˵ɫһԶԣûΥȣֻû뵽ֻΪɱ
ɱ¾֮رΪɱ¾ڣͽʦܻɱȣһλͽس֣ѾΥΣΪߣδֹصʦ֣ܳ湻ߣΪ̨ػ֮ˣȴڼ̨Ҫɱʦܣ״ɱ
ɱֱӶʱɫһ֣ҪԷĨɱ


1057 ħԳɻ
˵ɱһ̨ػ֮ɫźֵƬ֮صĴ֮һʱʯʺʻ֪ðͷػ⴫ͼ̨㾹˵Խɱ
ЦѵҪ̸ʱɣǳɻʺ磬Ȼʯʺƾֲ츳ӭжϣֻ˵У㣬ƻɱҵʦܣҪˣ
ֽŲǰ̼һĨĹ⻪ȥһɺ֮⽫Էס·һ꺮Ҫ嶳ס㣬䡣
֣ɱȺͷ΢΢£ǺεֻؽնֻأʢѾԤԽضΪʵЩʶԺΪ׼ύһλǰ;δǿߡ
ػһ̨֮˽Ų΢΢ˣ徹Ȼ˼̨֮ϣ̼һ貵ĹâŶ˾ֱҪ̨׼Լ뿪Ƭ֮ء
Ҫߣ
˿˵ĶƺҪΪ̨ػ֮ˣȻ׼Լ̨ͨܣǶˣһҪȻԺֵϮɱƺûиõѡǲϧߣƴػȻԷѡǰߣԼ
֣ӵдͼ̨ɱˣ̨ͨ뿪ʹ˫ѿ³ԹֺαأԷƺ˼֣Ҳͨͼ̨뿪
Υɱʦܵʱ򣬾û³Թ˵˻Ц֮ԱǣŲǰ˵ˣҪˣ
ͫ׽Ӳź֣Ҫɱ
ͼ̨ĹâԽԽֲĹתݣ֯Ǽ̨ϵһ·֮ϣ̼һǿӶͼ̨׵ķԷҪ뿪ˣ
ߣֽŲǰɫһϿֲϢӶһѵţֻһĢƳźֺɱ
ɱ㣬ʦߣն̼ſֲĢƴм䱻ֻֽŲһ磬硣
ˣâ貣ȵŶ˵˲Ϣʧ
ɱңΰɣĺ·նȺʱͷһɣֻɱ˶Է֪ղźΪ˵ǵȴӵ⴫ͷڣֻһ˲ʱ䣬ܹɱ˶Է˿̱ǱԷˡ
ҺִӲΣһĮӺֵ³漴ȺֻĽŲһ磬̤Ǵͼ̨
һĻȺͷ͵ĳ鴤£۾ֱ
֣Ҫʲô
⴫ͼ̨ʵĵ̣֣ͨ⴫ͷ󣬽ᱻ֮أ֣ϧǰҲҪԷɱ
ӣôδҲ̫Щ
ַĿҲһֵ֪ľٶжӰ죬ǰʵĵɱԷߣ⽫µķ粨
ˣ
һδӼ̨Ӷַ˴ͷȺĿⶼӲ֣ģ
ʦ֣ˣַ㺰һָղѾƺʦܣһʦȻҲܹõġ
ʦܣţܾ֮裬ңԷǵļ̨϶ɱ㣬Ѿǣ浽㣬ǣ浽ʦ棬ʯʺʵĵӣս޻˵ܴ˵裡
ɫĮƽĿ˵ƺһ΢飬Ȼȴ˸оľЩ޹֮ҲЩһȥ֪ᷢʲô
ֵַĻȴֻоȻ𾴣һλֵ𾴵ֳλʦʯʺʵ棬ȻǼΪġ
ǿٴţȺһĿⶼǴͼ̨Ŀúֵ뿪ˣͨ⴫ˡ
ˣȺͷһˡ
ػʯʺʼ̨߶ַʦܣȥʦ֣¸֪
ãַ˵ͷ漴һ̤˴ͼ̨ϣ־Ȼͨһļ̨ˣµȷбҪ֪ľһ
ܿ죬ַһγ̨֮ϣΧûӰַֻٵ˸ܿ㵽̨ıԵɮϥȻ
ʦʦͨʵĴͼ̨ȥʵĵַ̣ϥĿɮ˵ɮ˲վһâ
֪ˣ˸£ɮ峯һȥת˲ʧȻҲΪϢǳݣûַ㽲ԭί
ʦȥˣ
ߵַʵ
Ӧ֪ͨľʦȥˣشʦַ㿴ʧĿɮӰ˵
Ȼַ㲢ûеƬ̣ľӰƮȻַߣֻɫȴΪƽȿɮҪ侲Ȼ
ַ㣬Ǳ߱˵ľַ㿪˵һַ˵ͷ漴âһһַϣľ˸һγǴȥ֮صĴͼ̨ǵͷ󣬿Ҫһ֮ء
ģ
ַĴ漴ľַʧĿľԶȥӰɫ𺧣ֻľĽŲƺ̺ذһԽ̤У˲Ųơ
ַ㣬ҷʲô飡ַֻоӰƮȻʱǱͨ˴֮أ쵽һͣľʵɲ⣡
𾪹ַ㽫鶼֪ľĻľɫɵȻ¶һ˿ǳЦǳƽַĿһǳ졣
ħԳɻʣʦעҪΪʵˣиԶĿ꣬ǰȥʵĵ̣һҲ⣡
ľЦһ˿Ѿ˼̨ڵĵطų̈ΧȺһͣŶã
ħɻʣַ૵׽ľĻ


1058 ħ
˵Ҫ˻ɱûκεԥ̤ӵеĴͼ̨Ⱥ𺳣Ǹδ뵽ָôɱһʵĵ̣ҪεȵȻüͷûһ¡
ľݵĴʣħ
ľעҪΪʵˣħΪʡ
Ⱥ˻ٶȣ̫ˣַʧڴͼ̨ڣ̶Ƭʱ䣬˱֮ͨһٶ˸оȻапľΪʯʺеһ״ӣʵǾ˵ġ
ȥŲһ磬ľһĴͼ̨ȥ˲ϢϣȺͷǺݺݵĳ鴤£ֹȥˣľҲҪȥ
ľͺֶˣΪʯʺ״ӵǰλȻһǰȥʵĵ̣Ժִֵţعȥ֮Ὣ˸ɱôһ֮˻θ룿Ҫܿźֻ뿪ǵδ棡
ľͺִУ»ʵĵȻ󲨡
ʦ֣ܷȥַ̤ϴͼ̨ľʵ
ľĿ˸£漴΢΢ͷɣұǰȥʶһҲã
лʦַ֣ŲľߣҲ̤˴ͼ̨
̨յӶȺĿ˸ݣˣˣǶˡ
Ϊػһ̨߶ַ´ɱֲ֣֪ķ粨

ַһһصʱȻݣ̤ʵ̵ĺǱ߶ԣ㹻޴Ĳˡ
ʱһƬյеĺ嫵һιޱȣĳһ֮ϣһӰ̤棬һѪܵͷȻҪɱַ֮ˡ
֣һ貵͸ֻصϢֻ֮
֣̫ˣ
ʱյǿߣһ͸𺧵ĿֲϢһ⣬Щȫߡ
֣Ȼɱʵĵ̶ֱ޷죬ûнʷУǶ˵Ӻ衣
˾ڼ̨ʦɱ֣Ŀƽ³һһһء
ȺԶɿ߷һУĿ࣬Ȼ׺˵ʲôû˱⵱˸ˣȻôû뵽Ϊ飬Ȼúɱ˿Ļδƽ
ȻôҲʱյУһ³һֻ֮ؽն˵δܹΪʵˣȻգɡɱ
һɱ£ʱһɱ֮£ȫźֹȥֲɱһ־޴ɱĻ¿սɱȥӰΣռеһжҪɿµɱ֮»
յмʮλͬʱͷǵɱ壬ɱ֮ҪеһжεɱĻͷ·ҪݻһС
ͷɫĮĿſֲɱ£һʱеͷȥʯʺʷ֮ˣܲ
˵գеĽն˳ȥһս֮ʱ·һޱǿҵɶеĽ·˲䷢˳ǧβعµһ̣·Ҫ㾡еķɫĽâƺննһѷ֮һޱĽ֮ۼͷ­ֻڽ˲ҷ
˻˻촫ûпµıѾ죬ȻǼĹĻ˺·ձ˺ѳһȱֽŲһ̤̺ϣ˲Ϣȱ̤˲ơ
֣ڣ
һֵͷϿճһޱ߾޴ƣ춼ڵסˣ޴ӡ·ǲ񷵹£˵֮С
Ͽຣӡһͳ漴ޱ߾޴ӡΧпຣ£סƬຣ͸Ż֮ź䡣
ຣٿ࣬ҲҪֻأֵĮ˵ֻؽһλֻصţĽâţ·һޱߵֻظǣຣС
ֻ˲ţҪޱ߾޴ӡһݽȥֻԨ
ֻ޾ܹѣһֻذ֮ӡ֮ʧ
ֻ޾ҲӲ֣֮
ʱղһֱ˵֮Ȼźһţʱ޵лûһޱȿµľ޴ƣгֱ֣ӽֵסε
磬ľֹ
ֻһȻ³һʱ촫ԺΪĵƬգһޱ߾޴ıȫС
ɱ
ٶ³̼䣬޾޾ɱ֮ɱźֵ壬Ҫֽʵ÷顣
һ貵Ĺ⻪ֵУκε޷ɱˣеֻؽٶȻѣ漴ڿգֻش֣εĽš
ֹ֣ڽˣӰűմסɱȻȴֻϵĮǲġ
ȻܹɱңȴҲֲǣһٶȻգһƬХ˳УŵֻصϢֻ֮
ˣӰսӽ֣㱻ֻûûκεĽ˵㱻ûʬǶʧ
ʵǺεȵ죡
ʱԶգľַѾˣÿղһĻ̫ˣȿµսеʸûУ
ľȺĿת漴ľַϣǵɫ̼ʯʺ״ڶĺһλľҲˣ潫֮طô


1059 ƿ
ʦ֣ȻҲľ΢ЦŵͷƺһҲûľĵ˶Ϊ츳£ȴ֪ʦľʦ洫Ȼˣ㲻κ·ˡ
ľ΢Ц£漴Ŀ⿴ǻ۶ˣĮĵǰҲǳѾãµܣôΧɱʦһˣ𣡡
ľɱ񱤣ｫǵ˻ɱˣҪ󲻱༤⣬̤񱤣Ҳƽϣ֣ͺʦһ°ɣ
ʹֵ֮ǿ߱˵úְȻ뿪δ棬Ҫմŭ
˵ˣǲ֮ػͼ̨֮˹ҷͼ̨ȣλʦʯʣҶʦǰŻ̹̹δ֮С
ľƮȻ˵ʦܺΪ֮Ϊ֮ͬĻɱʦܣһ仰˵Ȼ۹ѣǿԲӲҴ´˵˵ˡ
ͬɱ֣
񱤵Ц˭˲֪ʵֲֻ֮ͬҪ죬οɱ
ԷɨľһۣɫĮ뿪˲Żˣ
ɱ
һɱ֮µɱ֮⣬źţͬʱٶһ֣Ҫշѹ
ʯʺʵˣۣľԷ֣Į³һƻӶʱַ㱻һĻУľӰȴʧ
ַ֪ľڱ˺ľһӰһִĲشȫڣ̺ϣһŲƣľӰֱӳ˺ߣʦֵܶһЦս
貵ֻ֮ٶؼâһ⻪ʣƽնһȻ˸һжٴεĲֻͨص
ռ䱻˺ѳһ޴ĿӣһֵԨֻ֣ƿԨ֮أ·ԩйڶֻأֲֻӶһֵĿֲ֮·ҪƬضֻصС
𣡡һ³شӡȼɽҪ嫿ֲӰشӡǰԵøСֱشӡֱӡֻصɿڣֻնסȻȴ޷֮
֮ϣ޾ĿֲźֺľշѹÿһزǿϢ
ַ㿴һֻоľս̫ˣֻҪһƹϣܽ
أ򷨣ľ³һ漴޾ĹâӶ·һâӶ̼䣬Ƭؼȫֹ⻪޾͸еĹС
鳾𣡡ľ³һ̼䣬޾Ĺ˲ϢޣڿգΪһԪľ˵鳾
ʲôַݺݵĳ鴤£һؾһ򷨣ʯʺ״ӵһľÿֲʵ
֮£Ǽ̨ػ֮ˣǰһˡʦܽɱ±ȥʹ˱ľĮ˵һΪʦ֣ȻὫֵòʰһŭʱʴսֵҪ鷳ʦˡ
ʦܣߣľź˵漴Ųһ磬˲ϢַߣַһƮȻȥ
ߣ񱤵ǿɫһͣ漴͵׷ȥľͺǰһ뿪˻οЩ񱤵ߣųܣ֮أȴԶȥ
ľ˲δȥֻǴͶλãֻľһʱü֮·ûֱյУͬʱвϵĻӶƺڿ̻ʲô
ڸʲôַɫһľ̻ӦʥƵ͸ǿ֮ǰǿҵ͸պХ·һӱ˺
֮ţ
ľһʱƬճ׵ſһ֮ţֲݡ
ַղľǶݵ˲Ӷ˶ٴΣֿ̻˶ٷʥƣֻоһֱͣľ֣֮ţ
ȥľһַ֮ŵУҲ֮ڣ̼䣬ַֻоһĿѣִ˿̵ֳռ̨ĸоľԼ̨գǴͻȥ
һŭ֮ɻصܿ㽥ûʧ˱֮â֣дС
ַ죬ƺҪ˵ʲôȴִַ㣬ҪŴʦ֣ʦʱ䶨λдɻᵼ¿ռҡ
Ŀ͵һ漴ַ˵ͷľһԲ·Զǰַһᵽʱմǰֱ̫ţ
ˣһɿֲĿռ䲨ַֻоڲͣĲ漴һִֻϣȻһݣ漴תַоŲ˵֮ϡ
סοǰʱŵĸоˣֱӷ֮صĴͼ̨
ַͣ˿Ⱥһ͵Ŀˣ֮صļ̨ǵֱͣƿȻԽն
֡ľԼַˣʵĵһ⣬ȻȻĴ۷һ֮ˣҪ


1060 
̫ˣôģȺĿǰֵӰѵľߺѾӵյͨ
ѪıֻɱˣȺֵɫ֮ŵѪȻմȾ˵ѪΪַ֮ìܣػ̨ĳ֣ΥҪɱַ㣬˺ֵŭֱӿ̨ǰ񱤽ԷɱľҲȥ
Ⱥ䲻֪Ǳ߷ʲôѾ֮˱Ȼ񣬱гԹʯʺ֮ȥ磬ɱ˶̹Ȼ뿪ܲŭ
ȻֻƬ֮󣬼̨֮ǳǿң
񱤵ǿڶλҲҪ洩նȺͷһȻһ粨Ҫˡ
һת貵Ĺ⻪û漴㿴ֱǼ̨նȥ¡ľ޴һļ̨ѵ
һȺĿһû⴫ͼ̨ôǱߵҪλֲѣԴԽնǻ֮أٵˡ
ֻؽǣȺź֣˲һһ̨ǰȥ׷ɱػ̨ߣ˿ֽһļ̨
ֵֻĿ⿴һػԼһ̨ߣüͷ΢΢£ƺʲô
񱤿ǲưոݣҶ˵ǲںֻҵʲôӵֶΣԸˣ˴ʦյһͽǲƻˡ
ľڣĵҲ⣬ǵ񱤵ǿߣ֮һ˻ʦյһͽ֪Ǳ񱤵ǨŭǱƻʦյһͽȻ뿴ֽ
Ǳľ˵漴Ŀ⿴ַ㣬һַ㣬ٻȥһˣ֪ʦܣԻδ
ãַ˵ͷûκԥһ̤˼̨֮ϣ˵û뵽Ȼ󲨣ַʼδģҪɱĹҲûԤϵֽ֣Ļ֪ǹɵʱҲôֵֹĵشҪǿнĨɱ
֮غޱȣӵ֮ȺɻУɱˡ
ȻڴʱһƬֵУһλ֮ϷͻȻ䣬һռ䲨漴һӰԶ
ţĿһ漴ǺݺݵһÿֲһЩǿߣƺȫߣվǣһεѹ֮о޷ϢȺ˵ǰͬϰС
ô£׷˺£Ȼ˶߽١ЩȺУлһЩߵʼĿ£һ۱оľս̫ˣһɿµȺ
ֻӰ̧Ų׼˲ʧǰȻǹɿµѹ֮ƺɻͷþ޷ƽϢ̫ˣ
ϣ˽ĽԼƽȴ벻֪Щλеˡ
ˣ
ڴʱһɿֲĲͫһţâ£һӰĲԶ
΢΢鴤£ɣӦɲͬ˲Ŷԣȴͬһط
ȫߣоԼ඼Ҫ漴һӰҲͬ˸ŸղЩͬķȥ
ˣ
˿ǻ׳µĻ޴ˣȫɵǿȺ֣ͬһȥȻǸ򣬷˴£˶ǿ߳
ˣȺ֮˸֮ʱ֮صȺͷݡͬ뷨ˣ
˶ǹȺʧķȥҪ׷ʲô£Ȼôµߡ
̨ľͺһֱδȥڴ˵صȺ򣬹ȻԷûǵȶã񱤵ǿ˸ǵǰ
ǾȻ׷ʦڵ̨Ѿ٣λҪҪǰȥһۣľȺЦ£ƺȻûԷϵĺ⡣
ʯʺλǰյһͽڴ˵λ콾Щ֮ҲǱҲǰһΪ֮Ц˵̨ǲܻȥһûЯڶȥ»һսʱǾʣҲ޷ʰ
Ҫģֻضʧ档
ľԷĻ¶һĨЦݣ˲˶Է룬⻰̺һƵвҲ֤ǲҽ
Զƿ֮ȺĿһͷȥ漴Ⱥ㿴һӰ٣½ǣƬ򳹵׵ķַ㣬ȻҲЩȺУȻʯʺʵˣҲˡ
񱤵ǿĿһͣ漴͸ŵɱ⡣
λһԣʱľٶȿڣ˵Ŀʱϡ
֮µľǴѯʵõ֮أ˽Ϊɱ¾ҪôҪôһλͽΪֵ֮ŭΥػ̨֮ڽضɱˣ˶Ƭ֮صĴк壬˭˭ǲľԣҶʦ׷񱤽ػ̨߻ɱҲֻǽΪ֮»Ƕѣ뿪񱤣±þʹ˽ҹȻλȴ׷ɱˣҪս̨֮Ե㣬ֻ֮سܲסʱ˫޷λǰ
ľ̯̹˵ڻ֮ԼʱҲ쵽ˣҪսصûлᣬҪ֮вǣλǲ˵ڣֻ̨к󱲵ӣֵʰ̨񱤿սڱУξλԼǶǣ


1061 һͽ
ľƽ̹ȻѲˣҪսǾʹ˰֣֮ѡ̨㡣
ȻǼ򵥵Ȼȴǽ֮˵Ĺ˼ȫ˵˳ȣôǿǿ￪սȻʹƬ̮֮ѣҲ˵֮ڻʿ٣˻ĺıǽһʰ
ΣҪ̨֮ڴ˵вľȴ˵˭кӵܣǶЩˣֲľҲ¾񱤵ĺ󱲣ʱֻԽԽң̨񱤴ս֣ǳܲ
ȻǰɱˣޱţľЯַȥհȻߣ񱤶棬ǾʹգַǳʣԵܡ
¾ʹ˽ҹҲǲɣȻǰɱ̨ػߴǱһƬ̣Էվǲ뽫ִˣԺ㣬ʯ˾֪лᣬҪЩ̨֮˺ÿ
˵Ļһ̨ػ֮Υڼ̨ɱ̨ˣɱҪʲôľɫһ䣬ǿӲ˼֣ʱȺһ
һ֮ĿĮ漴Ϊ֮˱áܺã£񱤼ˣ
˵գĿ⿴ֻ̨Ǵͼ̨Ŀȫǣʱ˸ҧгݣû⴫ͼ̨ز񱤡
Ų֮˳Ǽ̨̤ǰľȵÿ
ľȻһЦԼַ˱ܵһԣ˿û⣬񱤵޸ļ̨һʱŽ̨޸ɣ뿪뿪֮ʱĿɱɨ̨ȺĿ͸ɱ֮⡣
ʱ̨Ҳ׷˸ľԣȴľڵԺע֮ˣ˴ǳԴ˰Ȼġ
ףȺ׷׵ͷޣЩ
Ҳ߰ɣ񱤵Ⱥ뿪ľ˵һ漴̨֮Ҳ̤ϴͼ̨뿪˵ء
Ⱥͷ΢ľǿʵִ˻֮޿κΣ¿Ƹһ䣬Ȼȴ֪ǳҲŽһ˶ѣ̤ɱˣưոݣ»ᰵӿ
̨֮ϣľ˽١
λȥɣȵͽַ֮գλپ̨ʢľȺ˵˷׷׸ǣƬ֮ȫ뿪˵ء
ҲȥˣɮЦ£漴̨֮ݷ˸뿪
ʦܣȥһ߿ľź˵һ֮һ֮Ҳͬ
á΢΢ͷľ뿪漴Ƭռֻʣ˺Լַ㣬ߵˡ
ʱֵĿ⿴ַˣĿ¶һĨЦ⣬ϲʦʦãΪһ͵ڶͽ
ţַһ㶣漴໥һۣΪ⣬ܿǵϱ¶һĨЦݡ
һͽ͵ڶͽ⵹Ϊϲ
ʦ֣ͽλֻһο˶𣿡ַ㿪ʵ
¶һĨζЦ⣬ĵʱʦͽĿ˽ҺʹʦԼֵܣȻǶڣǶȴ֮߳ģΪһͽԼڶͽ
ַԼ㶣漴Ƕ¶һ˿Цԭˡ
ʦֹȻƫ̻һĿַһַۣ㲢ǵһ߳ģôǺַ̤ϾΪɣΪһͽк˸˵
ʦ֣ͽλʵ˵Ƿ˷飡ַ㿪˵һ
侳ͽڳɳʱڣڻʵУأʿأҲǱλҪȵǵǱ̤֮ʱ򣬲ʵ˵
ֵЦ˵ң˶Ĵ½ûνĹƽ֮˵㵹Ҳǿ̤죬ֵһ̤˭˵л
ֵַĻ¶˼ɫû侳֮ˣУһ΢ǵλʶԣûر壬ʿҲǱֻ̤Уʱϵλ
ΪڶͽɡֶЦ
ʦ˵ˣȻĺЦں֣ҲΪ壬˵Ҳʮ֮ȴѾ߳ƣϼһЩϹﻹҪ£ֻؽ֮˭˲
Ƿ޶ˣҲԼȥ֡Ц˵ַɫһһȻԭҲЦ
ʦ֣һ²ʦֽ󣡡ַͻȻ뵽ʲôźʵ
㲻˵֪Ҫʲôְ˰֣Цַ㣬ʦЩԨԴҲΪ㱾ˣ˲㽾ݣҵȻչһһлҪԼʿԼָúȵ̤֮УʦԼ㡣
ЩԨԴұˣַɫ˸ɲ⣬漴Ժֵף֮;ԻԼȡǰУ
ױáЦ£漴һӣʱַǰһ貵ĻɫտҲ
Ԫڴˣֶ˵һ漴ַķֱֿ˻ͼ֮ϣҲζǼţͽ
ˣڴ˵ȴ˵ĵɣֿ˵ͼ漴̤֮ϣϥһƼ䣬Ŀ
ַ£˼Ҳĵȴţֱһ֮󣬲е˳ַ㵹Ҳϵãϼ죬ַĮ֮̇ϵʱ΢΢£漴ϧһͽ֮ϯλԵ


1062 ԯ
ʹȫֶΣʹԼٶɱʮˣȻַ߳ƺһҲζɱһһʮˣ֪˭˭аǰԻΪİַ㣬Ȼμַ㴴漣˿صꡣ
صΪʵǿ̤Ͼ죬ͬΪԯ죬Ĩᰵţͬ޵֮ơ
ǰַ߲Զ¡
û뵽˻֮أּҵź֮⣬ֵַַַ֪㿪˵ƺϵ
˻ľңԶһȣȻ޷ȡַЦŻӦƽˣ̹Ȼ
ңԶĹȡ૵漴һЦñַ֣ȷʵЦòųң㲻ַȴ֪ȴݣַȡ
ַԷŵĻֻƽһЦ֪Ϊλἰ
ȻҲӵһЩʸ񡣡ַƽ˵һ
Σֵַ㼴ΪʯʺʵһͽλͣңС⣬ֻҪһݣǰףӭȢС㡣
һݣַһ죺ƺлַ㼴ΪͽҲֻһݣ֪һִӺζ
ֵַԸ⣬ϼԸ⽫ֵַΪϵϼţҲֵֵַƣӴַ־ϼ֮ˣҲֵܣʱϼǰΪֵףΣ
ַңԶĹȣ²ַǹǰɢ֮ˣ˻ľַ˲ÿһҲûǿıΪ裬ַ׳ַ֦ǰ֮£ջַ㡣
ַЦ£˿ҲˣԭҪּҡ
쵹ķѿģҪֵƣַּףͦջȻϵ֣ǿͷ˵˵ԵģңǼּңּұӻԺǱּּѪȴ˳֮ˣײ࣬ǲܴӦġ
ַллˣַ㻹ԼЦ£ֱַӾܾ
¶һĨʧ֮ɫΪźĵַĿԶǲ˵ʲôȻ䲻ܳΪֵܣҲֵַܽѡ
˻ĺǵѣȻҲΪѵġַЦԵΪ˲ȻǿΪҵԵʣַ䲻ų⣬ҲԳǰͶԵ
΢ЦŵͷҲûмԣַ˻⣬ǵַѣַҲǣǡ
ֿ£˸ߣǽͼֽݸ죬ǩԼ
漴̨֮ϣһĬҲܿ죬ַ㲢ϵãȻȴԷ̸˵̸ַҲԷϻĵһӵܡ
̨֮ϣ½˻ַȴǴߵ̨ıԵϥ𣬵ҲԸȥ˭˭Ҳ޹أΪԯʱܹ
ɮ̨ıԵɮ붨֮£ΪŲʣҲж֡
ʱĻƣ̨ϵӰԽԽҲʼ磬أһЩ֮Լӵܣĵ˿֣ƺһʡ
ʵЩص̨֮ˣ츳֮ˣΪͽԺʦֵܣ̧ͷͷʶԼ֮ˣֶΪʦֵҲڿƻ𲻵̫δȴԳΪڼλǿ
֮ˣȨıͼڣҲ˾ռ֮£޿ɺǡ
һµʱתۼ̨֮ϣѾʮˣ˶ѡ
ȺͷΪȣ֮ҲȻǰɱ¾֮صıǻô˵ģ˾ԼþҵĿˣıΪӢ˶һ֮ˣֶĶ࣬ЩȻǶǽȥˣ߳ʮһˣӦûġ
˭ԯ죡ʱ˿ڷʣ֣ʮУȻûԯ졣
ԣҲ⡣˸˵Ƕɻֻûʳ˿Ҫһͽԯ죬
ԯ֮ر׷ɱ֪ˣʱһ˿˵Ⱥͫ͵һ
ʲôԯ챻׷ɱȷûп
ԣ֮زΪԯĿֲʵ˭׷ɱ
̨֮˲ǸذϢԯ첻ų̂һ׷ɱ
ʱԯǳǱѪͷңŭһԯƱ˳Ҷ޷ϳŭһһĿ֮˺е׷ȥЦԳүү㱨ŵԯͿ뿪
˻˵ʱȺԯ챻׷ɱôңһŵɢԳԳүүʲôˣô£
ʮһֻˣǽ˻ûԯĻʱ˵һȺһĬ¶Źֵɫ
ˣֻʣһˡʱ쵭˵Ⱥһֻһˣ
ƺһ˰ɡٶȿڡ
һˣȺ˸Ⱥȥ漴ǵͫһƺһˣͬԯˡ
ַģ
ǱߣˡָָԶ̨ıԵȷڵ㲻ע⣬һ̣Ⱥͫ͵£ټַģưʮˣһˣ


1063 λ֮
һˣֻһˣȺ૵漴˵һ⻪˸һյ˲佫˵Ŀ˹ȥһ֮֮ҪǺˣ
ˣĿռ֮һӰȺĿⶼһԯ졣
ʮһ˵̨֮ϣȻûԯӰ
ԯ죬ɲͽ
˿̵ȺͷָӵųҪһͽϯλԯ죬ųͽ֮⣿
â˸ֵӰ˵ߣһν֮ɫͼֽſ֣ϲ㣬õһ
ֵĻ³¶һĨЦݣղڵģ˿ֿڣ֪ɹˣֻǺþգȻõһ̫̼ˡ
˵ͬʱȴ֪˿˵ĿȫһõһͬʱҲζţԯ죬ûϣͽûķݣ˵һͽˡ
ˣɢȥɣǵҪ֮˵ǹҪʱ䣬ʮգǿ̨ȵʱ䵽֮󣬵һͽԼڶͽͬʱܷ⣡
ֵüҲ¶һĨЦ⣬֮˵ĿȫɣͽΪ⣬Щ˽ΪһɿֲλʦҲĿ֦ɢҶ˻ľڻһ
΢΢ͷЩ̤˾һ죬Ϳ̨ǣǵڶͽѡȺҲ֪ġ
֮Ⱥɢȥ嫵̨һ֮Уһ嫵ĴÿһǼΪó˴˻߶һ
ЩȺѾԼȦӣԴ˺ֿУ޷ģĶһҲȥƣеͽԣҲһǱڵľ
ַϥ̨Ե·֮¶޹أ̨ȵΪͽ֮󣬻ûϤʱ
ҪʵΪΪֻصԵʣַΪһͽҲܴʲôвޣȵһӵ˵ʵͬľһ״ӶηмӣʱһͽĹ⻷Ÿ塣
ңͽ⻹ֻһʼѣ
̨֮ϣոڿգʹ̨ռˬ·ǲɳ˼ɾ
ַǣϻâתݣ˶ԡһƽɫ浱У䲻ƺ֯һ̫ͼĿ
һƹʣе̫֮⽻㣬·ϵ̫ʹǰƯλÿռ֮ϳһ߲ʵĹ֮ţɫʺ硣
ʱϥַǰԶ֮ϵĿɮַĿкŵǳЦ̫һַΪͬʱصĹϣ̫̫̫֮֮壬ԪַΪ棬̫֮Ҳὥ¶
ڴʱһ貵Ľɫǧ˿ƣΡΡ
ǣ֮ûɵɮĿͻȻһĿַ㣬ǧ˿Ƶ֮⻹ȫ
Ǵʦֵó֮ɮЩ죬ֶַεľм֮ľ֮ءյУ˿գһһ֮һжҪա
ʱַ㾹ƺҲƵֶԶԶ֮ȻѾˣַҲûǧ
ɮַ˲лɻǧл꣬Ȼһ񱤣ĿľĿֲֶΣգس鳾˻ǹȫַΪǱǧĵ
ĸоַǰȻ֮ѾоǳˣȻǱϾǸо˿ǧûռӴǴоع켣ӵѹľֶܹǰµ
ܹ֮УοľصĹ켣һ֮£ÿռѵ
ַΪϲһսҵһķջоϲ
ΪƫһжԼõֶΣӦüȡɣΪԼá
Сһڴĳɳɮַ¶һĨЦݣһССѾ¶˿ֲ츳δһλʦԼʦְ
֮ڣָһӼ䣬̨֮ϣȺۣ֮ʱˣ֮ʯʺʣҲӵͽ
ʱ̨֮£޾ȺȻṳ̂Ͼʧ飬Ȼ񣬰֮ڵͽλ֪Щ˳ΪʯʺʵĵһͽǵλΣ
嫵Ŀռ䱻ȺһգƮĵش̤ȥĻᣬǱֻʥ֮ء
ʱеƲ㽥·ƼգһĿĹϿ漴һĲȺֻһݣһһ㣬ޱȵѤ·޾Ľɫ˲ϵĲ㣬ԽԽ
ݣ
ݣһγˣ֮ڣ
ȺĿⶢݲ˴ֻоͷҵĲͽλ֮գˡ
ȺУԼǺȻڣմþַĨӶ̭ʱǻл̨ΪΪڶͽģȻûУѡ̨֮˰æͨȻ뿪ﶪˡ
ң˿ö֮һģֻҪԯõһͽϯλףգҫâɣ


1064 Ǳԯ
ˣϼ塢ϼ塢ϼԼ౱֮صˣǵҲڲ˴˴ͽĿˣ֪ܷܹͨõڼλ
âɵ£Ӵ˲ٱպϣȺʶӽ̨ʼӴٸ˻ľһĿ
ʯʺʣλʣû֪ǳɻ޶ãʯѣ˶ֲ²⣬ʯʺ»ʣǽʵʱվԲ̫Ҳֱǰʽյһͽ
ңʯʺʻΪأ˼òȺֻ֪쾳Уһ̨λʣǱ˳ΪʯʣԼʡ
գͽλ֮գ֪ʯʺʣǷ̨
ʯʺ»ʣȻʵ£ѳĻʶУսһ˭Ҳκβ˭ʶһλֲĻʡ֮⣬ͷ̨
ʱֻ֮ϣһӰͻأĸ֣Ⱥһˣˡ
ǵһͽ𣿡Ⱥ˵Ŀ̼ȫǵϣƺûֲֿѹߴȺв£һͷЩͷɥƺգȺüͷ΢΢¡
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һĻȺﻹ᲻ףȻʧ˵ˡ
˳ˣһζȻûˡȺĿ⳯ϿտȥֻһһӰ֣һкü̧֮ͷƺԵøңȻҲȴŵͷĿ¶źɫ
̫ˣȺͷΪȻΪʵ̫ߣֻõģӰΪˣ޷Ǻơ
Ȼܿ죬Ƿ֣֮ϳһƣЩ˽Ų̤֮ϣ漴˳ݲϵĻ£ܿ죬ȺߵС
ţôû죿ּ֮Ⱥûз죬ɵЩɻ
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˵գɮ˻֣ȺϿգʮöͽǵֿϣ⣡
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ţЩӵôûпԯģǵòªֻ̤֮˵һ졣
Ⱥɻ󲻽⣬ȴʮ˽ŲǰΪ׳ۣ漴ǽԼ֣ϣ̼һĨ貵Ĺ⻪ǵ֣ǵϣһϼ⣬ӴǱΪͽ
õ֮ʮ˷ΪУȻ˱ܵƺڿ漴յУгӰӰǷֿģаʮһˣ̤֮ϡ
죡
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ַһ𡣡Ⱥַּģգ֮صĴ֮ͬǾ죬Ŀ˶⼸˶Ϥĺܡ
ʮһˣôϼ᰺ǣ
ˣôҲûԯ죬ԯģ
ϳˣַƺһЩˣʣЩ˱ȸղʮҪʡ
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˿̣ȻһЩˣǳɹ֮ˣǣǶ˵һͽϯλ֮ˣ
ҵԼԯȥôڰʮһ˵Уúܶ˷ѽ⡣
ƬƮһʮ϶˵мȺøӵˣǵϣ¶õЦ⣬ܽǣΪ˵һͽ
ĹȻڡʱ¼ҵȺУһλ¶һ˿Ц⣬ԣȻĵ常껡
ȷڣֻǻǺ֮һΪö֣ҵ档˵һĳΪ˵һͽǳˬһַ֪㻹ţҵ˾ʱͺܲˬ
ƺҲû˵ôɣĻܹվһ𣬳Ϊһͽ국˵һƺ껵ĻЩޡ
ߣǳΪͽܹͷصģĮӦһ
ɣĳɹ̤ͽ֮Уϲ£ʲôǰ߲ĺȵ
ϲλʦʦãΪʦһͽ׼ܷ⣡ɮȺһЦ漴ƻӶɫͼ¼ӭչϣŰʮһλ֣ʮһˡ
졢ġɰԣַ㣬ȻǶڣ᰿Ǳ̭ˣֻԯ죬ȻҲ̭δ⡭ȺЩȻ¶ɫȷûԯ֡
֮˵ĿȫǣĶǽɫͼ¼ôûУȻ̨˿棬֪ʧˣֻԯüǣôûԯ棡
ַ㣡
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ַ㣬Ҫ
ĵ͸һĨϢ漴ȺϿһӰ£ϢǿȻȴǱһɲǣȺĿⶼӲ
ǣԯ죿
ԯ죬ôôǱʲôˣ


1065 Գ׷
ʱԯϢ٣пֲŭţ·˭ĳޡ
ζûԼ̤֮ػ˱ҵǻ쵰Գ׷ɱ׷ɱʱ䣬ŭԳɿսȫûһõĵطλĴѣʮʱŻָһǽ˸Яϵĵҩ
֮Ҫ˶ô׵ģƣü˲㽫ɱȵƺ̲֮סŭһйԼŭȴ边ȻڸԳˣһٸݵıŰذսɥʧ
ͬɥ֮ȮһܣĻ¾ҪΪ˵ͬʱҪˣڼǺüαɱֱ磬ԯޱȰԵһ鵽ʲô͵ʮôģһλָս
һȡѵŭˣֻҵЩɱˣҵȫɱȻ񣬻ص̨ʱ̨ѾտҲ˶ܷ⣬һԯֻоŭ죬ַ㣬ңͽϯλҲҪʧԯֵ档
ԯôˣȻǱƺ͸ַ㣡
˿ԯķһʧѵԯ죬ûгΪͽеУ
¡ĿϢԯŶɱޱ
ԯСӣԳүүþųҶӦֵһ¾ģԳүүôʱ䡣ԯһԯεѣеĽŲ·һǼ˹һɫ˲ҰףŭҲ̼ʧӰ٣һ˲ȫûƢ
ַˬʵĿʱһԳһȻˣʱΪԳֻһϷԣû뵽浽̨ˣַЩˣԳǫ̂ͨĴͼ̨ģػ֮˻
յһ񱩵Ӱ֣ɰԶҪʵˣ·ȫǱըԵЩЦǣһŸ׳ĺɫľڼͷƺԵúһԵøĺ
ԯ쿴ԳɺǼ˹һĿ죬ŭĺ⣬ȴִļɵͿ־塣
㡭Գɵԯ쾹Ȼ˵һ仰ֻƺڿ졣
ԯƺȺһĻĿһ⿸ľļһﵽʲôˣԯǱѵΪȺûмԳɣȻϵá
һЩһ֮˿ԳɣĿⲻͣ˸˵˴еһˣ嶼ɵˣΪˣһһҹҷ
һһ첻ԳүүˣҪҪӡԳɾӸ£ԯ졣
ԯҧгݣȴпԣ쵰Ȼ׷ˣôģ
˿ԯԷûУǾ죬Ҳ̫˰ɣԯ첻ûгΪͽǱĳ֣ңһŰԳԳүүԯȴ˵
˶Ǿú𾪣Ҳ޹أǱһϷ̬Ȼϼˣȴһɫ࣬գԯһͽȻףʹԡҫ֮ģǵҫԯϡ
Ȼ˿̣ԯûеõҫֻ裬裬ϼ壬ͬе裬Χ֮ˣǡ
ԳүүһߴȥȻһ㡣Գɴֵĵԯɫ͸˶ԷȻȴԹԵûȺУ֮׷ױÿˣֻԯһǣۡ
Ҳû뿪ֻĮĶԳɣʱɨַ㣬ԳɱˣлᣬһҪɱַ㣬˵ҲַԳɶԸģԳԩ޳Գôһֱ׷ɱ
ǸˣȺԳɰ˵ܽԯųһԲȻԳɾǸˡ
һͽԯԵ֪˭ּҵ죬ϼɰԣģ
Ⱥڿʼ²⣬ԯ죬ҪΪ˶ˣֻǣҲҡ
˲ɵýĿͶϼķǻżŮɣȻˡ
У˵ֵܣֵ˭
СУҸɶϵ𣡡ԳվգɮһЦ
һôëëꡣɮЦ£ȻǺԳ졣
·ĺַһȻһۣԳһͿɮȻҲʶ
ѵԳɳ̨ҲԵʣַв²⡣
ˣҲһߴȥɣʦͽһˡɮЦ˵
ٺ٣ȻԳɺЦ£ÿֵܲ⣡
ɮҲɻԳһȻ֪ģԳʵӣ֪еֵָ˭
ɫͼյƮɮĵǰʮһˣȫǰַǵϣǵλȻԻ
ţȺͷΪ׷ǰޱȾ޴Ľɫͼ¼ϣǵ֣֮ϣ̼䣬һ貵Ļţǵ֣壬ԡŴҫĽɫâϷ·һѤļС
ǵϿգֽԻıԽԽ˵Ŀ⵱С
죬ϯλּ֮˫ֽգȻûõڶһҲΪϯλˡ
ãܺãģڶͽ֮˵ĿһֱģͷϿԻһĴ֣ɵͷڶ
ϧˣϲ˸ΪСûбķ껷һ漴Ŀַ㣬ƳַϿյ֣һ̣ĺݺݵĳ鴤ˣ


1066 ĵ
һ
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껣Ҳڷ׷ѰҵһͽΪˣҵһʱĿƶſݵݣʱɫһ
ַ㣬裬ȴǿ̤Ͼ꣡
ȻȻй֮ѹĻΪһŭ֮¶Լɱ֣
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ʶ˭һλ˶Ǻʵ
˵Ŀ΢΢һЩݡ
үүַ㣬òͻңȴ뿪׷ɱɳԼͳҵսʱһλ국˵һ
ַ㣬ϧˣԳΪϼѵģȴΪ˳С˸ˣʱ᰺ǵɫüѿĿɨ˵֮ˡ
ס졣һʱЦűַͣһͽϯλǴ᰺õڼ嵱Ϊǣԯ콫ӭȢǣ˸ڶѪֵܽ÷С
үүսǿͬԯ춼ˣҲǱģɥʧ˳ΪͽĻᣬˡᰵ˵ƺ滹л
ˡ˽ϣȻҪ˵ʲôͬԯ죬Ѿҽ𣬴ˣҵʵĻᣬҪصɱܸɳҡӼĻᡣ
ᰣԭᰡʱ˽ĿͶңԯҪΪһͽףַ㣬裬ƺȫ˹ԯ죬ΪͽʸûУַ㣬ȴΪ˵һͽ뿴֮˵ɫû뵽᰻ҵ˵С
᰸оϻģЩ˵Ŀ⣬ƺǳģôţһһϷַ㣬ΪͽʸûУ͵͵ַȴվߴЩĿ⣬о·
үүȻȥˡʱᰵ˵һҪ뿪
ôⶼԣһ㻹أܶ޷ܵˣܳɴ£ֳսͽλеڼϯλ
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սͬսǿ֮ˡ
ʱеַܹо̫ĿϣȻ˿̵ɱһƽȻģû̫뷨ҵ⽾·̫һͽֻǿˣ˵һڣӵһƽ̨ܹӴ½һ档
ϲλʦʦˣˣǻصԼλðɡɮЦ˵һ˶ʱ׷׽Ųص֮ϡ
漴֮ˣֶͬηλǰգԡڽɫ⻪֮µʱܵĿǰܵ˵ľ䣬ǰλͽҪзǵһĿ꣬ǻʣ
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ڶͽϼˣ֮صĴ壬ջ˸пվң̵ģȻһͽһͽǳңǺˣ֮صĴңռһ
ͽص֮ϣ漴֮ϣ⻪˸ֻһӰ٣һӰУľк֣İףаˣһʷǷ
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ˣԣʯʺʵ״ӣƾλѵˣĿֵľˣӹɣһ״ˣ˵ʯʺڵ̨˵вǿߣǶʣȻΪӵģֻоŸ
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1067 
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Ҫˣ˴ʯʺʵһͽҲǴӽ̨ӴʶҪˡȺи̾漴ϼ֮أһõӰΣ֮С
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Щͽ£漴Ҳ׷Ƿȥĵӭʦ
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˴ʯͽλܹǰ֮ңʯʲڣұлλˣ⣬Ժ̨ͨҲӭλл̨ܹ
ƽ̬ͣŵͣȺ֮ܳУʾԸлǣǸоҫȴֲаʵȡ
ʣȻҴʣʯûг֡
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ǰңǰͽԸϳڽһ飡ʱϼ壬һλڿգȴǷԼĺ
ڽ𣬴ʥرȺɫһͣʥɹ󣬼һЩڽܸӼӲǿ󣬲ǿ󹥻ݻ١
ϾܹʥսˣǷǳǿߣǿʥһᱻݻٵڽܹǿʥǿȡ
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ллˣһͽɣҲδҪһι̵ʥʺЦ˵ɺޱȡ
͸ַ㣡ӪУ᰺ɫһڽޱǶûУȻַ㣿ң⻹ҵĶ
ȻǰڣԵвԸȴûа¶ַַСֵܣϲˣڽպˡ
˵գڽַȥַֽӹһ֮صĺںʯһĳǴʥĺö
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ң˸ưͿȺжַҵĹϵ᰺õһܾʰɡ
ּңҲһ׸ǰǰЦɡʱּΪ֮ڿգʾá
ңҲһ׸ǰ
ɼңҲС
ĴҵΪ֮ˣ׷գʹ˵ϼˣǼû׼ҲҪϵıóⱦﲻһҪãԲ̫ǿʣȻʶǵĶĿȴﵽˡ
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ǰͽǰĪ֣
ȻҲˡȺɫһͣȻҷԴǻĺȴڻĺдһɿµǰ˻ľ·ǵ˶ᵽ°˻ľвǵĶĿ
ллǵЦŵͷ£
ɮϵڶ£֮ٴζʹǵ˵޷ǰݼǰΪź´лᶨǵɣȸǣǰ֣
ȥɣʵͷĿɨЩͽǵģԺУ£ЩˣҲн
ַĿ⿴ЩˣͻȻλȵȣ
Сֵ𣿡Ϊ֮˿ַ㣬վͽλΪߣв֮
Ѿ֮ȴһֱδԵȥлᣬҪȥһ
СֵǰԸ˵һһĿСֵܣǾİõ෽㣬Ҳҵҡ˽һöƳַȥ˴ͽ䣬ƺͽӵоصĵλȻԸһ顣
ַлǰˣƽӹַǷЦĺĪϧǱȥ˾֪ôˣ˴ξȻûϣлᶨȻҪȥһ⣬Ի᷽ܶࡣ
ǣ˶ַͷʾ⣬漴һ̤սȥ֮˵ĿⶢսıӰɫ䣬ȴ÷վɱһ£˻û㣡
֮뿪ƺû꣬ȺԶ˵ˣһһӰʵһƺ󾳽綼УȺΪɻЩˣ֪Ǻˣ
񱤣أ
һȺɫһ񱤣


1068 ֮
񱤾ȻˣȺĺɫһ֮ͣأʯŲйһսѾõƺҪѹʯʣȻһսȴûܹκε˶ʣ˫ìԹޡ
˴ʯʺʵһͽ񱤵ȴ٣Ȼǲ⡣
ת֮ȺߣʮΪһȺȻ֣ЩһصأУһصصˣҲͬУÿһ֮ˣһ
һĻɵȺɻѣ񱤣˾Ǻ⣿˵ĿĲ֪ʲô
ľֵɫ񱤵ȺȺ֪һպǰ񱤵飬ȴǶ֪ģʱ֮޿κΣ޷ǿսغǰնɱ񱤼̨ػһ£úͻ֮⴫ʱ񱤽ἫѿȻסʱˣò˻ɣϲ⡣
֮ˣݼǰ
Ⱥ̤գ΢΢˵ĿΪΣʣҪͿʧ
ѵ֮˾ȻҲˣʦʺáȻϲ·Զ޷ݡ
лǰһתʦģ⣬˴ʦǰһ£һصؾ磬һˣʦ˵ʯʺǰյһͽǼΪģ񱤵ͽǰдѧϰڳλҲĿһǰͽķɣ
Ϊ֮˿˵Լ⣬ʱ˵һľԭˣ񱤣ȻĻϲⰡȻʯʺͽ֮ʱǰ仰˵ίֽ̣ʵȴս񱤵ͽսʯʺյͽ
񱤵ĿģѾˣ֪ЩһصصˣÿһǾӢ񱤿ѡİɣ
̨˵ϣ¶ŭ⣬ʯʺͽĴϲ֮ǰսò˵ʶʯʣ̫𾴣ʲôףأ
Ȼʵɫʼδ䣬ȻʵǳЦ²𣬲ŭǸ߸ϵǿߣֻһλߡ
ǰյһͽؾΪ츳֮ӦòܾССɣ˼˵бԣݾܾɱɱˣ漴ľ˰Ȼȥ˴裬ܲ
˿̣ô˵棬֮ѾΪս̨֮˻ܹܾˣǱԼԼ
λͽ̸ɣԸսսԸͰˡƽ˵漴˻֣ˣշλѱϣұȥλ⣡
˵գӰı漴ռ΢΢£ʵӰ·˳ɢڿգ׵ʧȺǰˣʣЩ֮ˣмݲԵȣֻǽԼͽԸս
ҲʶԣδܱС
˼ʧɫ΢£漴ֽͶľԼ֡
ľ־žޣλʦҲˣ˿Ҵ˱λͽʦѡκˣԿѡ֮ͬһսúҵλʦײ
˲ģƺʯʵͽս㲻ݡ
ͽ̣
һ̣ʮͬʱڣ˳µѹ֮ڿգЩͽȥȻǰʮλͽŲЩһ֮Ƿǳǿǣͽ̡ս
ͱˣ
գ֮ˣͱˣ̨յͽƺѡ񣬲Ӧսǳ˴ʱԣǿ׼ʱսҲҪս
񱤣Դ˴ѡ֮˷ǳšа񱤵ͽһǾӢͽѾǾ񱤶ģЩ̨ͽǸյģҪսȻ̨һҪΪԿġ
ʦѾ˵ս벻սλʦѡԸսսԸ⣬ʦֵģȻǿ󡣡ľ˵Ҳͬʰ㵭ĮƺԷΪܹŭ
ǰñҲˣǰʱԲùܣȻЩͽΪľʦܣѵͶûн̵֮һƣһƺҲΣʲˣҲƺǿơ
ʲô˵ҪսҪս𣡡ʱһһҲ˵ʦͽĴ֮գǰսҵʦʦԸսսԸ⣬˭аǿ޷뿪⣬գҲ뿴һ˿ѪҲ£

ȺֵĻʱоĳ΢ЩȣбǴ֮ľӢͽǿս̨߻ᴦƣһ仰㱣ȫǣսܣҲΣա
΢΢𣬺ΪڣҲ޷ǰͽ֮գȻѪ㵽Ϊֹ˵𣿡
ͽ̣񱤵Ⱥٶͬʱһٶ˳ϯƬռ䣬ս̨޿ɶܡ
Ϊؾһɣ
ʱվ˳ǵһͽеһλָָȺһλ֮ͬˣ
ܺã˽Ųһ磬ʱ¡ĿϢ˲Ϣţһ仰ԣֱӶ֣ԼĶ֡
ɱ˱ĺһֱһʱյгһʣƿ̨ͣ˻ɱȥ
ȥ̨֮һֲȭͷһ֮ϣƽ֮赲
ɱٶȻգһͣ֯Ϊʮ֣ɱ֮ǿҡ
ţ̨֮ƺоԣɵƮˣȻȴԷֱӡʮ֮ϣ͸һĨļ֮⡣
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Ⱥһ֮ˣȻƿ֮
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õɱ㵲ס𣡡һֻ˵£ʱʮֱ֮Ӵ͸̨֮˵壬ӡԷ嵱У·ǹʵ壡
֮ȺͫһˣѾӹɣ
ɣһɿֲ̨֮˵ڣ·Ҫ嶼סͬʱԷĿٶȺֱӡؿڣ˳
ʯʺλǰͽᶼ˷ɣһ֮⣬Ũ


1069 ȵ
Ȼ֮˵¶˿һĻһݣؾ磬ƿ֮Եֵ
ƿػ֮޲࣬ƿǿ֮˸٣һЩĻܹ֮þУþ֮Уȫɱ֣֮ʹûþΪʵڻþУҲ£
ղŶԷùһƻ֮УãֱûԷ嵱УȻȴɱֻ֣֮ǿ󣬷̨֮˸ûлŵĵɡ
Էķ̨֮֮˵ɫÿǱܵͽˣʯʺʵһͽȻҳҵ˵ʯյͽΪνݡ
ľͺֵһ״Լַ㶼񱤱Ȼ׼㣬һˣûһƲ磬Զͽ
ס죡Ϊ֮˶صǿߺһװŭǰ̵ģ㲻սʤһкε֮أⲻ֪ʯλǰͽиֱǾʣЩѡͽܹսʤ˵ģúȡѵ׼ӦսӦġ
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ƣȺ˵˵δҲ̫˵ǾȻѡͽʯʵͽȴǾʣ˵ʻ߳ļͽ
ɣʱͽУһĮ漴Ⱥ㿴һӰ̤˵һ͡
ּ죬ͽ
쾹ҪսһΣ֪ܲʤ
˵֮ѡıǷǳͽּ꣬ʵԲö˵Ƿǳġ
أĶң񱤵ȺУ֮߳ŵЦƺЩмһͽΣŸոŶѣԶˣǣǾǧ񾳽ģÿһˣӵֶΡ
֮⣬򵥣ľͳ˵ǲ޶ԷʵҲ죬Ӷ֡
񱤽ΪҪǶġ
ǺǣĶ࣬Ҫһһ̣ȻѪսͲʹͱˣֱ֤ɡ֮˵Ц˵
ԣľͷͬ⣬Щ˶ǷǷ֮ˣȻں֧ţǻȱٱһսᣬ񱤵˿˵Ϊ˸õʾǵǿշѹ̨֮ͨˣȺһĿȻĿǿ
˴һ£ս֮Բ˵ʲô׵ĵ˵ͷ
ҿˣСһȭܲסշѹ飬ҿɲʯͽ֮˽ǰͽɱǰҵ𡣡һڱ˵
ռҪɱ˱ˣԷ˵˲ԸѪ
̵Ц˷ڳ̨֮䲻ǽѹǲɱ֡
˭輰ʦ𣡡³һֻ֮һȺ񱤵ȺǰȻλ˵ǱѪɣҺΪأλǰĸͽǵˣһصؽУһϰɡ
£һɿֲ֮˵ȫУϢѹ٣˵Ŀ·𿴵Ԩֻǰǵͷ̲סֻذ壬ֹƿֻصܹƥеġ
Ϊ֮΢΢鴤漴Ǻ⣬˵˽ֻʯʵͽ̶ֽǲͨͽȻǺֵֶġ
ǰ񱤽ǵļ̨ػնɱǽֻͨͽǰֽ̣ΪҺǰ׳գڳ˵̣Է裬˿̺ȻҲٿ
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ֵĻﻹ᲻ףڶԷ˵ͨͽֻǸЦص˱ƿ֮ͻ֮ͨͽ
ʯʺͽλ֮գΪѵҪѹ˲ɣ˵
ȻĻϲ֮ѵҪõزɡ
ȻˣղսҲգѹһͨͽ磬ǣһһɿֲѹͺֵ⣬ˣЦĿ̨Ⱥƴ֮⡣
ϧձ뿴̨ͽʵΣκֻսһһս̨յĵһͽȷʵôڻ֮Լټ
˳ۻӶһҪȥ֮ҲֺСָⲻԶ
̨λͽǡ
Ⱥ̳Ц׼ȥ
˾ˣľϻ쵰ԽԽûϢˣԳЩȥˣ۾ľ
ȵȣ
ȵȣ
ڴʱͬʱ³֮תЦĿ̨֮ˡ
˵Ŀ⿴³ȵȶֵˣɵ¶һ˿ɫһͽԼһͽͬʱˣ
ַӣЦ£ǻĵ˿ȥֻԷҲ΢΢ͷĿƽȻҲϵַģڻĵ֮ϣַڲԶλ᲻ֻ֪޹£Ըˣû뵽˵Ե֣Ϊͽңֱǵһͽ
ľüͷ£漴۽¶˿˿Ц⣬ַ㣬մ󻷾о˵ԯ죬һͽģȻ׶ԷʵԸ֣ȻãʤȯһЩ


1070 
һԽԽûûСˣôӦúһľɣľԳһۣԳɵĸʶԳɵĸױǶľϻ쵰һﵹǺϵһƢ
ʱַͻӵĻЩ֮Ŀ⻺תعЦλӦǵһͽɣѵҪͽ𣡡
ͽ̲ңλ񱤾ѡӵܣ񱤵Ϥ࣬ȻֶǿƿظͨЩ˲ոţûеõʦָ̣λᲢۣԣӦ˵λͽ̲Ŷԡ
ַ㻺ڣղ֮˼̨֮ˣ𷴳֮Ч˿ַȴ佱ǣ˵Ѿõ񱤵ģԼȴǸţȻǲȵģһ񱤵ʤҲȻǰܡǱˡ
֮˽ܵ飬㶼ʵǿҳΪʵһͽվδọָ̃ȫƾȻ񱤵࿡ȽϣȻһλſ֮ʿǰ̨Ըͽ̣ȻԸϧ˴λᡣ
ѵڣӹַĻ޷죬ԸԣȻԷ̨Ϊ̨һԱͽۿ̨裬ңΪһͽȻҪվ
ľ˵Ļ۽ǺЦΪολһͽô˻һҲΪѡ
أҵģʱȺУһַָָ㣬սţΪأַĶ֣
أǶ˵Եһ󾳽磬սá⣬һصָ֮ӵĿ⵱Уâ¶䵶Ⱥļ֮ϣĺɭ䡣
ַͻ˵Ϥ֮ˣԸ̨ͽη֮ģǵһͽҲһ֮УǸ󾳽統е̳̨ǳ
ǺǣȻˣͶ໥дˣҲ˭ָ˭͵̨дɡΪ֮ЦȻԼһӵоԵģ߳ÿ󾳽սһҲҪȫʤһͽա
⣡ľͷͬ⣬ַͻӣҲӵģǻӣԿˣս֮ǿǿֲģһսȲʤȯַ㣬ʤˣãһ˵ַˣҲһʤһܣˣͬʱܴһַ㡣
Ǳսɡ֮ЦսҪ£̨λһͽսܣĪĳ衣
һһ£ٴοڣ֮üͷһͷĵսսұôϻ
̨д裬ԵȫԸʵ֮£޷ƹǿģܿˣѪ⣬飬˴սۣ
ûԷ֮ǵȻ³һ֣ȺĹâۣǿģ
һ֪ƾʲôȻô˵Ҫ񱤵־ڱصãǿɲʡ͵ĵơ
ͷ⣬⻰ڴ˵ð
ʦ˵ûԵˣս֮ʱܹ˼ô࣬˴սۣѪΪ죬ͬΪϲʦȻַˬЦĵӣ⣬͵ˡ
ͬԳ˵Ȼˣ˵߾ߣҪ棬档
ַһһԣʱ̨ͽƷ·ˣǸղһֱֺ֮ˣǿƵ̬ƺ仰ѹȥǵҲ⣬ַ˾Ȼۡ
ѪΪ죬ͬΪϲܺãջҵĻֿڵ
Ҳͬ⣡ľͷ
񱤵ȺЦܺãȻˣսɣۣ
ֻ֮ƺȲŲһ磬ֲϢŻӹȥɣ
ôżܲȫ㡣ӽŲһ磬Ϸ·оҪɱղһɿֲ֮ΣŶԷɱȥ
ֶα㲻óˡԷŲһ̤һȭʱ
ɫյлХ֮ŭ𣬶ʱ·ŶԷɱȥһָһҪ֮ҫˡ
Сȭͷ·춼ȭӰعյеĽϵ޷塣
ͻȻ䣬һɫĹ⻪ʣֻһϣһͷɫŭ쳤Х֮ûκͣ٣һɱշ·ѺۣûκεֻױȵѸ͡
еȺ׷˱ܿý޻ڣĽɱ֮
񱤵ǿ˫ֲӡ·ƺ·̼䣬һŭ֮ӰյУʡ
ֲײÿռ䶼Ҫըѣڿգƶϣֻ˫ֱ漴ĻûΪ貵Ľɫ·һƬƬ۸ϣޱȵ
óΪֶΣֱ˵ֱ۾Ȼ֮ƣ˸е£
ȺӰֻ˫ǰ죬ʱ޼᲻ݵĽɫֱ۲ϵ󣬳ŶԷץȥƶ·צҪԷ˺ѡ
ɣɫƷ·ӡʱӵܣһޱȾ޴Ľɫצ֮ӰӰȫɱȥڶҡɽ֮У
ȻվǻصĽɫצУȴɫƽ΢΢䶯ƺ¶ʲôĿУȻһ³ɫĽĽ
¡һյУ·֮ʱԻΪģط·ֹռ䶼һסɫצɢſµĽâȴͣͲǰ·һޱߵΰ֮ס


1071 նɱ
֮˵ĿһͣסˣȻռ䶼һסˡ
ѣŭһɫֱ֮ŭһɿµ˺ӣ޾ĽɫצͷſֲĽâǶסĿռץȥ·ҪƬռ˺ѵ
𣡡³һʱסյĽ˲ղȣֲļ֮Ӷ̼ЩɫצȫҵĲ·𼫲ȶڣ˵һ𲨶ɫצһ˲仯ΪĩɢڿգһɼݻһС
ÿԽסգǽǺεȵֶͨΣ۳˿µĽ
֮Ų񱤵ǿֱҲ£һ֮£շһƵڶβ죬ױȵĿǱסĿռ䣬·Ҫ֮ݻٵ
֮ŲһΰĲڲˣƺ޷סռ䡣
ȺĿ⿴ӵĽ΢΢漴ǿһ漴У˵һ²ռҲˡ
ӣһȻ񱤵ǿ̤ȥֳ޾Էֱۡ
ɡŭһŲռըѿͻȻѣһεĻӵǣʹúü˱˲Ĩɱϳһ޴ӣ˵ͷݺݵĳ鴤£δҲֲ̫Щ
ǶԷƿŲŴβ֮»أ̨ĻǱɣûϣ
ġ£ʱһĮӻӵ³̼䣬һ޿ɱĻ֮Ϣӣ²ɣǲ׺ɣ
ȺȻңԶ˿Ƿ·оԼڿήϻϣҪȥ
ô£ͷ󺧣ϣڱϣȥ
˸˿ǻûзӦô£ΪʲôͻȻ˿ֲĸо
£µÿֲ˵ڳ鴤Ȼµİ壬ǸоԼڱϣңǸǻӵĿ꣬񱤵ˣǻ֮Ķ
ȺĿ֮˵ϣֱֻ۶ڽȥ⻪գڽıϣڵһУ·תȫԼĿƣɫ¶־ɫĿĶŻӣȴԷӡвϵ
䡢䡢䣡һǿߵΧһ˲䣬Ƭռ䱻ס׵Ķǿ߸о彩Ӳޱȣ·𶯵á
ۣ񱤵ǿһѪһѪȾգȾԼֱۡ
Ĳƺѵ³һһסĿռ·ѵȻ˿ֻǻӻǰÿһ̤·ſµĴ֮֮ԽԽǿ񱤵ǿϽһƲ֮⣬Ϣȶ޽а׷
𣡡ӵͺһסյĽʱȫָ񱤵ǿߣҪһУ嶼־ϢԽԽҲ޷Լо
ɱӽָԷʱĽһ񱤵ǿɱȥ
ݣԶ񱤵ȺһߣȻ˿̵Ļ֮ϢǿˣϢȫϵø죬޾ϴ͸򽣴ġ
彩ӲǣиŰŵεѪڿգȴǿߵ
ȺĿⶢһĻͷ˾޴ĲΣÿֲս֮µµĽסգ𣬼ԷۣŲɱɱ͸ɱ
񱤵ȺɫѿˣһսȻˣңʧһλصǿš
Ҳһˡ
Ϥǿţܹս˵زӵ˵һɨ񱤵Ⱥһۣ漴Ųһ磬صͽӪС
ȺĶԵ˵Ĵ̶˶ɱˣȴ޲ţŶɱ
Ȼ񱤵ȺҲòпһ˵ʵĿֲûаңû뵽˴ʯʺͽյһֲţ֮µİֻصˣֻûкֶֻƿôǿѡ
ڶսɣΪ֮ûж˵䣬˾ǰˣ˵ʲôҲ޼£ڶսһҪʤ
һսҪսʤңɱ֮˴˵һһսǲɱԷܹظղŶʧ档
İɣһġ֮ĻӦ˵Ų֮ʱпµɱ֮ڿռ䵱ˣȻһսǱűɱ֮ģһҪɱ֡
ַɫĮ˸Էǰֺɱ֮ҡ
䣡
ûκεĻԷһֱ̧һµַ㣬ƺ֮ʱһɿֲĲӶ·ǲƣǼ᲻ɴݵĽ
ַ̧һƺԷƴ֮ͬη壬ԷһεĲȻһһһɴƵĲ
ǣֲײ˶оԷޱȼӲ˵ƣѡǿ߻̨ĵһͽȻûһߡ
˵һ֣Ŀַ㣬δ̫Ĳһž촫Ųƴλâţ˵Ϸ·ת
ʹȻó⻯ƺֶΣҶǿ
ȺеֻϷ·תһ֮⣬ϢڱãҪΪ


1072 ûս
Ҫ⻯ΪȺĿⶢǿߣֻ彥һ֮⣬˫֡˫ţǸһۼף漴壬Ҳûɫƣͷ֮ǣĿġ
Ӧǰ⻯񱤣Ȼ⻯ΪֶΡȺа⣬ޱȾ޴Ŀֲ֪⻯ɵжֲ
棬ղɱҵʦֻ֣ǴʹȥӶַ㣬͸һ˸оĺ䣬
ҵţַվǣֶƮƺȻûнԷУޱȰȻ
ô·ɳƵ֮ٶȴֻ͵Ĵ˳ȥ쵽˼飬··͸µ֮оһƺɱ·Ҫɽ
ַƵһɫĹ⻪Ӷâ̺źڰħ⣬˿͸ǵʲô
ƻӶĶ·һɰϮɱͶԷײ
һ죬ֲƺɽҡأâҫۣգĽâԼᴩأ£һѷ죬ϵıѿƿͣս˶·ӵΰ
ʲôƨضܴ˿ֲѹȺҧгݣֻ˲жԺ䣬·춼ҪǸѿϵпֲᴩĵѷ첻ſĿģ̾صսܶص˶оޱȲֲȭͷϿֲҲܲ
յ˷·Ȼ֪Ϊʹԣ˭Ҳκβ˭죬Ҫ˵嶼ȥ
񱤰˰ޣ⻯ΪƺԽսԽԣҲַܲסȺа⣬˿ƺֶͨεãȫײ
ǣ˵Ļɣյдǿ߱漴Ⱥÿһȭ󶼷·ӰӰԽԽֲڼ⻯֮Уѵܹ⻯ɳ׵׵޲ɣ
ַƽû֮ϣڲ̫£ӳַϣһ̫棬ַ̼˾ԡ˻浱УµĻӣ񱤵Ҳ棬Ⱥģֻʣһȼŵ̫֮ޱȰԵĻ档
ղңʶһʲô
浱дһȺ̽ԼʶҪսȻ˿Żƻһ澵ӣҪʶ룬ͱȻܹܶȴûֻ۾š
Ū飬Ѱ·
񱤵˵ǹɻ浱У񱤵ǿսļѾΪһйޣʱüſһڣУпµ֮ӳޱȵıŰ
𣡡һ̣·Ļûǿֲַ֮ϯȥҪַʴ
ӵоǱ䣬ַ㣬ɣӵеģɲǰ⻯ˣַлھͽַɱ
Ȼֹҿַ㿴ԷӶ֮ȴ¶һĨЦݡ
ɲУ
ֱַӡԷԺУʶû˵̼䣬ַüģͬſһµС
䣡˵ɫһԴ£ôᣬַ㣬ȻҲ
֮ǿ
һ뷨Ȼ뷨ַһϢ˳͵Ľ֮ǡĵ¡ʴĻ֮
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Ⱥͷգͣˣ˾ȻͣյУǿ˵Ҫɱַ֮ͻȻûϢ治ٱѣռ䲻ڲֻлڰȼţʶƻһ̽浽׷ʲô
ڣȼ֮ƽĻ漴ƽϢڻ浱УһӰֻһˣ
ַԡڻ浱У񱤵ǿߣӰʧˣͺƾʧһһĪûϢ
ʲôȺݺݵĳ鴤£ûˣôǶ֪һ⻯ΪĿǿߣ˵Ϣ̫ˣǵ롣
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սȫܣһˣأ򽣴͸ڶˣ֪ôģ
Ǹеޱѿѽܣ̨ģȴַֽ֣ĳ嶯
ҵЩ񱤴˴ǲǰ̨˶ͨͽˣȻĻȴһЩͽȻδָܵҲãһд裬ǵЩģȻ׾ɱûһսԣ
ַ㵭˵һ˵ǳ鴤ţһҪ񱤵Ⱥ˰
Ȼ񱤵ַĻһ˰㣬ɫЩˣˡ
ãɵģûһսԣ
˭֪ǲĶǾӢǿߣַô˵Ǻݺݵ˦ǵĶ⣬޵ݣȻܿܣսǻ˵ʲô˵Ҳֻȡѣ


1073 Ҫүү
ʯʺǰɵͽȻǷ֮ǼʶˣҲˣλһͽ񱤸һǿλд裡Ϊ֮ɫĮĵƺ̺һĨвζ
ַͻӵд裬ǽ񱤵˻ɱˣôԷνĻǿַд裬Ȼͬζţɱ
Ҽסˣֻϣһд˲Ҫ̫׾ͱɱǱ𲻵дˡַ㷴༥ӦԷĮв
ġߣΪ֮һӳۣڿлת뿪ЩǿһĮɨַһۣ漴һĨ֮׷뿪ߣ֮£͵ʴˣ̤ɱ֮´˵Ҫһ棬ȴĸ
ͣľ˸뿪ȺĮ³һھϲ񱤣ȻҲʲôɫһβ֪Էֻˣʲôֶγ
ֻת˲֮䣬ЩӰʧӰ٣磬һ붼ͣ
ĲľַԼ΢Цŵ˵ͷˣʱ¿յȺҲŶˣһͽһͽƾԼ츳õģղ񱤵ս˿УǳĿֲ⻯Ϊ죬ȴ֪ôַɱġ
ַղƺڹΪ֪ԼĺֶΣȻܹϢĽԷɱԷһȺдȣַˣ֪ʲôֶβһ㣬̫֮ʶ⣬ַ㣬Ӧǿˡ
ֶΣ֪Ҳһַǳĵơ
β²⣬ֻҪûܵ㲻ܲ²õַҲȥȣ˶ȥ
ʱѰˣͽλλͽǰȥ̨һͽַڶͽҲԷַԼ޹ľЦ˵ʱһͽΪЩ֮˺֮˷ֱĿðʮһƯڿգޱȣ֪̺
ϴľǣЩпԳضǷǳ
֪ܹõһڵһͽѾڰ룬ǵĿⲻͶַ㣬ǿ̤죬ģֱΪһͽӦ֮߳ģңڳΪͽĹ̵У᰺̭մþͬԯ죬ңԯʱҪɱַ㣬ַ֪֮ضʲôԯ޷Ϊͽ˵Ҳַ㺦ģַ󹦣ǰµ֮ˡ
ַΪ¼֣һʽһͽõᱻ£õĹȻʵǿĻӡ
Щڶͽ̾ϢûܳΪһͽζǵ츳ҪһЩҲע˫ĴһԷַܹ⹬ȴֻܾס޹޴
̨·ȺĿ˸ͽǵһͽȻôȻҪ̨Ϸ⹬ס
Ƕԣ̨ʥĵ򣬸ղųֹʣͿܾס̨֮ϣ̨ζл߱ڶӣлõָ㣬ǽҫ
ַ⹬֮ҲǶҪչһʱգкµĻȽһһʱգ̨䲻ǣΪһЩԭǫ̈ʵȹΪʹԼڶݵʱǿս
ľٴοڣȺɫ΢ľԣƺԤʾʲôҪĻֺαؾΪǿս
Ҹһʱ䣡ľֵȺһʱǺͼ˽һ
ٺ٣ԳɴʱѵһЦŸӽŲ絽ַߣЦɵĲǼһﲻʲôˣ翴˳ˡ
ַ۾һһһ˵ʵĻ˼ɣǿŴóû˸ҶҪԳʵҲúúõһ°ɡ
ȺͻȻԳɴɤسôһ仰ʱһ°ͶˣǶ̨֪˶ʣ˭˫Ħ٣̨֮˼㿴ߣȴ˵ģϾʣһﵹǺãֱ˵ʲǺˣԳӡ
һҲ֪ʲôͷԯôָ޼ɵĴʴʡ
еֵַܿ㣬ԯʱҪɱַ㣬֮ʱûƢˡ
ʱҲƶϳһЩһַʹϤæԸԯ죬ʹԯôǱѹԯ죬һҪɱˡ
ʺᣬºҪΪһͽԯ죬׷ɱǱޱȣͽûķݣŹ֣
ȺԯӰˣ֪ȥ͵͵뿪ˡ
Ȼʲô˱ʲôһһ֮ˣվ䣬ȻʣֱĿһУʱ·ȺһϼķȺ¶Ȥɫ֮ŮŪַ㣬Ϊ˸ȥϮɱü£֪ģ껣Ȼַ㿴˳ۡ
磬ҵţò˫ֳΪڶͽնȻҪ޸һλţڣҪǿĪҪ;һЩƭԼ˸ȥ˲ǣ
һ￴ǼĺַɣȻ˵ֻ
ȺһȻҲѹ֣ĳΪڶͽַΪһֲַɱŮ˿ܲʲŹˡ
һЩ˵Ķָɣ治Ǹϼһ˵ʲôֱ˵ع䣬Գүүʲô˵ʲôҪң
Գľָ껣ɤ³˶ʱɫͨ죬汻һӣд
˵ע㣬үүʱ㻹ûûĶ껱ĵ
껣죡ʱ껵ĸŭһԳɵһʱ껺ֹס
Գ£漴¶һ˿Цݣ껵Ҫүү


1074 껵ѿ
껿˸һۣ֪ΪκֹסԼ漴ԳЦЦ飬ɵͷŭȻԳ츳ƺǿȻϾ֮ˣȻ˵ɺޡ
үүҲãĻӦ
껣
껵ĸŭһĿһĸ׶˴ŭ
ٺ٣ͷӣˣҲүүүƢãǱ֪ҪҲ֪ᷢʲô£ԳɺЦ£ż޺Цݡ
ҵɫһͣ̽Եʵ֪µүүǣ
ԳɵĻƺԽԽǴеļһ
׵ĻƺҲʶʲôͬѰѵ⿸Ÿľļһﻹдͷɡ
үүʦĹʽʱľЦ˵Ⱥɫһľʦ𣬱ʣʵĹʽ
ɫӲȻ˴ͷ
ҵ߸ɫһа⿴ǲ¶ˡ
үүүүǴԳʣղ˵ҪȡԳʣĵĮĿ˵껵ĺݺݵĳ鴤£ԳɣԳʵӣ
ԳʣȺĿâͷ鴤ѹ׷ɱԯ˵ңԯ԰Ϊʺᣬһ˿ʵѪԳɣүӾǻʣһǱŰǿĴԳʡ
ҪҪҺһүүԳɿ껽ӲɫЦ껸ҡ
ڰ˻ľĵλ˸£˸ղԳɶʲŸҽԳɣȴԳɵүүʡ
ﻹҽӻղ˵ҪԳүүѾԳˡ
ðݴԳǰ֡ĵүүԳɺЦ漴ĮĶԳɵԼл
껵΢΢£ҪԼл
Ҫϼ𣡡ûзӦ˵ļ֣˵û£ȻԳʶⱦӿǼĿأһԳʽأһ仰ܹҹǺˣҪԼ֣
ػɫ԰ס
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촫ֻ껵ƹԼϣȺͷ̾ʣ˭µģڰ˻ľϵĵλΪ뢣һˣܵ¡
֪ʧԣðԳǰܼ£껴˿ԴԳɵ
Գ껣ǿַ㣬ҿֵַ㵹ߵ˰䣬쵰ȻҿֵܣȻˣˡˡͿֵַˡ
ַһ
һﲻ֪ʲôԼ츳ǿ󣬶ֵõ˵ĴΪҵ˶ɱԳʵӴ˿Ҳֵܣѹԯôˡ
ַʼ磬Գһڸأһֱˬʲô͸ʲôҲôԳʵųˡ
αظһʶԼŮܣҲֻܼĽްˣˣַ㵭˵һֱӽӵˣ˻껷ӵѿ
ַ㡭ĳԼȻŮд
ٺ٣ҲǣˣαظƽϡԳɤô󣬶껵һȥɣ´θ˵СԳүүһӽݴ⣡
껵ͷֻ˿ɫַ裬ȴƨܷһܴ衣
ףüǰ밲οס
ұ죡껺һĶ
ףַ̫ĿˣˣľԲܺһ𡣡׵ֹһ
ʲô˵ɱַ㣬ָΪҿ⺢ӲһͽʹԳʵн飬ǰ;ĵΪ䣬⵱׵ҲõŮĻˣ
ĵĸ׵Ц˵ڱʱЩ˸ֱַ㣬˵ַôôǣַǵĿһĲֵʲô㣬㱻Իסˣʵƺ˵Ĳһַǿ̤Ͼ죬ݣչķɣֻ֮ǿһͽϯλĨɱǰƵͽâҫ֮ȫϣЩ˵ô
˳Ĭԣϼڣֻһһ츳ڵһȻҪиõĹޣԶĵĻ£Ƿǳӵġ
ߣЩ츳ΣڲضѣĶҪ磬֪᲻زۡ
˼ҪҸͷɣأؾĶȥԣַǿĵĸ׷һַսǱѰҪ缸硣
ŮĻ£òģܺԼŮˡ
ұ죡˺һЩõĵĻᣬĻ¿ٹ̸
ǸܵЦ֮˭֪ᷢʲô׹Ȼı㣬ַʲô
ʱΪͽӵܶ׷׺Լļ˶ݵĽ̸Щ峤ҪŬץ֮ģȻһЩӵⲻֵõһЩöΪʯʺʵĵһͽȻҪһЩԴһֱʾ
ܿ죬˷׷׻صԼλãľ˻֣ߣ̨ɣ
˵գһӰʧ̨ȥͽΪǽ̨ӵԼ
Ⱥͷ˵ʧи̾ЩδȻһЩ󣬻ģҲػһЩֲľӢһͽȻһЩ֮󣬲ʱ
ϿյѾȥһǧɵĺΰɻڣʾ̨ͨٱպϣ̨ʽΪһ


1075 İ
̨֮ϣһĵɣƮ죬ƺ
ľȺǰʯʹоλ״ӣһʮλһͽʮλͽӽЩ˽ʦܣΪʡ
λ̨֮޽أеطǽԿȥãȻЩ̺ΣýһЩĪҪԼ
ڶĵľڣʦΪʣһԲΪͽܷõʦĽӼҪǸԵ컯̨֮ҲҪΪһݣ·վҪԼֻܵ㲦һңʦ̨κ飬Ǽ֮»֮£ٸӣͽսʣҲʸС
Ⱥڰ˻ľǴƶ˵ӵг׵ĵλǲ£ЩʣӵͽҲûôľǣ˻ʵע⣬ˣЩΪͽˣǵһĿ꣬ǳΪ״ӣʵߣǵ˵Ŀ꣡
̨ޱȣľҲ˵ˣеĵطǾԿȥãĹӵԴǰܹȥܹеΣ
һޱ߿Ĵ֮ϣľָߵĵԺ䣬˵·࣬еԺһǧʮλͽѡһԼסȻԽǰĵеԪԽΪ棬ѡԺ֮ʱһЩͻҪǵǣЩͽκεìܳͻ̨֮ϣܼѪΪ棬
ǣʦ֣˷׷׵ͷľĻ˵ɣȻȴһɲŭʣֵ˶̤ɱߣľǰȥִǿǺεȷˣҡҷ֮С
ңֱҲľǳأľÿһƽĻҲϡ
ϼһﲻģԳɴַֹ֣һַ㷭˷ۣҲһ޽ɣʲô˵ˣľ͸¶ЩԪ̶ȲͬˣԲܼѪζȹܹʿɶֹ
˭ףһڲûоɳվоޣյҲΪߴ壬ø֮бƴ֮⡣
ľûԳɣ˼ǰУ⿪ޱߵĴ·ûоͷ֪жٵĹС
ȻľֻǴһ·ǰУһһַİʮһ֮أǵľ
ЩƯյУֲͬĽݣ͸Ʈ֮С
ԺһҵģȺͷǺڴʲôϲڵȴǡ
ʦܣʱֻľһ漴Ⱥ㿴ɮǰȥһ̤
һӣâҫ漴ȺһοݣʮһݣһһݣŲһ죬ÿһݣһɸߡ
ǡľ죡Ⱥɫһʮһݣƺľ졣
ûпǾ죬ֻǣڿˣ
ľЦ˵ÿһӵоݣ˿̹â˸žغϣʮһݣĻϵľ죬ֻоŴݣÿһݣоɸߡ
˿̣ȺĿⶼĶյľ죬¶ޱ𺳵ɫ
ֻâ˸ͬʱɸߵľ棬Ȼһÿһ춼ˣж죬ĺ棬
һ棬أڶ棬ҲԼأÿһ죬ˣ
ң˽Ҫסİʮһڵڶϡ
̤ϵڶ죬ܳΪͽӵһȺԺͻȻʲôԭˣľ죬ľ죬ֻǣ
̤˾첻ͬ򣬵õ˲ͬľףƾеԿףܹɵԼ̤Ϲһ죬һӵеĶ츣һԴͬأӵвͬԴ
ľ𺳵ɫЦſڣʱȺͷÿһ棬ʥأͬԴ
ʦֻ֣̤˵ڶ죬Ժûл̤ϵȥʱȺ˿ʵ
ԣʱԣֻҪȵ̤ϵ죬ڵܹĹҲϵ죬ӵеĹһŵĹ˵ַ㣬̤Ϲھ죬ˣκһԴܹԼĹϵھȥ
ľ˵ȺʱĿ˸һҪ̤ϾߵĵطܸõԴ
ַһռȻֱܹϾ
ϼһܲȥ棡ԳЦ
ľԳɣҡͷЦԳүү㶷սʤҪܳĵطȻܼǵүүΪ׼ʤأȥģɣ
ƨսʤأҪųҲðǲƤԳƺ뵽ʲôǳƵ飬յԴǳˬ
ڸв֪Ķʤأ㾹Ȼ˵ƨԳ֪֪ʲô飡ľ˵
ϼһôɱж죬ǲסĵطԳĿ·ɫȥҪһС
۾ϬľЦһ漴ʥ֮⻪£˸оϿշ·ɹ⣬ϣȻж졣
ʮ졢죬״֮أʦҲסĹڵУܹ̤ȥɽ״ӣ
ľ˵һȺޱȼĻֻҪ̤ϵʮ죬죬ܹΪ״ӣ
ʣҲסصĹڵУ


1076 񱩵Գ
ֻҪ̤죬ɳΪ״ӣȺȭͷμǴԣ״ӣǵһĿֻ꣬гΪ״ӣǲлϵõʵָ㣬ǻֻͽ̨֮ϣиԴȴǡ
ڻֻ̤죬ǰĻһ쿲ֻȫȺַһнӴĻᡣ˾Ŀֲȼ˿˿ƴȻַܹ̤Ͼ죬ΪʲôУ
ʦ֣ûлһͽʱЩڶͽʵᣬҲҪᡣ
Ȼԣ̨֮ϣ˶ӵйƽ츳ǿϡֻ̭Ҫгһ̤죬Ϳ̭һͣڶϵˣȡλãססĹм˶ڶϣǾٱȽΪΪ̭
ľ˵ʱͷһһͽܺõԴҲôеģ㲻˽Ҫ̭λñȡ
Ҳһǿ˭סĹ̤ϱߵľ죬ȡסĹϳԣǵλֻʱģ
ľڣȺһɽȵλںˣǰгԹͿ̤ͨϱߵľ죬ȡסĹֶ
־ֶΣܼңǶоһεѹȸС
ѹȸУǰеĶ˳ԽҪΪ棬ҪͣǰУ˳Խ
ַһѾ̤˾죬ӵкõԴԶԶ˦ˣҪ׷²ס
Ŀⲻ俴ַ㣬һȥˣһλɰˣֹѣ֪ʲôʱܹ׷
ˣõھϵõԿףɵȥˣѡǵĹɣַ㣬ȥͽĹȥţ
ľ˵漴Ϳַǻʹ֮ף쵱У̼䣬һ͵Ĺ⻪ڣ̤ϵһ죬ûиܵκεѹ
Կ׵ĺô˳ַƾϵھ졣
ַ̤ϵڶʱȻҲܵѹ׾٣Ȼڵڶĺ棬ж죬һĴԱһ·̨ӰЩӦöǹõģôĵǿԵõԴַЩڴϵԴԿá
ǰİʮһ䶼͸źƮ֮ȻϢȴԵĲ죬ߴֻԪΪǿңһ۱õĹΪ˳ѡԽߵˣܹɵѡõ
ڹ֮ϣһ޴Կ׿ڣھϵõĻʹ֮״һֻǸһۿɼȻַ֪ԼӦҪô
ʹ֮׷ȱڣ漴ȫǶ˽ȥֻһ˲䣬貵Ļʹڹ⻪ַ϶һƱϢԺͻȻһЩ
¶һ˿Ц⣬֪ǰˣңֻҪһͷͿԳھκһϡ
ַҲʼѡԼĹ˳˿ûңƬ̣˱㶼ѡԼĹӴ֮Ǳ̨ܹ֮ϵĹˡ
Щڶͽ¶˿˿ĽʱԴЩûеģǸӼᶨһЩΣһҪ̤Ͼ棬滻ȡЩԴ
ˣһʱ䣬ǰŬԼľΪʦյĵһͽ˵Ŀ⿴ǣϣ̨ʱ򣬶Լ⣬Ҫͽ˵񱤵ͽһֱ̨񡣡
ľĳĵǵһͽ̨壬߳ȥ̫Ҳ̨ܳ裬ͬ˵÷ŴĿǡ
ף
˶׷׵ͷľ˵ҲǴȺĽ㣬ʯյһͽƺƴ˻ľĿ⣬ټ񱤵ƣɸһЩѹ
Ǹ߰ɣľŵһͽ˵ǵΪѾˣȻҪֿ֮Բֶͬδ
һȺ˷׷뿪ֻͽӴ̨ΣֻҪʵôô̤졣
ٺ٣Ҳԣ
ԳһЦ漴Ų˵һ죬ԳټǴԳ֮ǱǿֲģͬԯǰֻǱܵķݣԯܵѹһģԷ죬Ȼֹ
Ȼǰ죬Գƺûлֱ̫Ӻϣƺ׾٣˰пǲడ
ΪԳݵԵʣȺȤҪܹϵڼ졣
죬Գɿʼ˫ͬɽһ̤ݷ¡죬ģֱӿϡ
ǵ죬Գһض㣬һɿµƹֻоһɺ˵壬ٵĶܡ
ǵ죬Գ󣬷·һԳſ񱩵ϢԶŵԳХ֮ʱ·ضҪѣ죬һס
ǵ죬Գһͷޱ߾޴ӰľԳͨڡŰͬһСɽһߣһ۾ľŲ̤ʱȺ
ǵڰʱԳѪţľԳëгһľްչȥһƣزľȥԳɻԳ֮Ӱľ죬ɵһԣַһ춼ҪƣޱǿƵ̬̤˵ڰ죬󣬿ɵĵھ죡
һϢʧʱƽȺȴ˵ţԺз·һͷֲԳӰǻص


1077 ɽ ˮ
̫ǿˣԳɾ˿ֲƣǸղֻо춼ҪһĻԳɵɽԳ֮ӰֳޱȾ޴İӣشչȥ
ַ̤ʱҪͣҲѹ֣Գܹ׷ɱԯүǴԳʣ벻ǿѡ
ַҲʵԳɵһףѾͰɽԳ䣬ͽֿ˺ء
һǰԯƢˣ׷ɱޱȡ
޴Գ֮Ӱʧľֻһͨĺɫľ쵽Գɵϣַľ¶ǼΪɡ
һַŲֱӳ˾ϣԳɵߣЦһʵһ
ٺ٣ϼһŪ⣬ȷʵͦģҪҪǲ㣡ԳɺЦ£ָָϿշ졣
ţȺԳָ죬ʱһȻǸ첻µزµļһʲôҪһ£Ҳȥ
ãԿַЦ£ȻϲȥģҪһԣϿյ죬кοֲ֮
˵գ˶һۣ漴Ų͵һ磬֮Ʈ̤ȥɣѾ˾죬һ죬ȥԸʲôǽַһĿꡣ
䣡δ̤죬ַԳɱͬʱоһɿֲѹϿմشƻĥ̴Ʋ㣬ƹޱȺˡ
ʲôƨƣȻûʵӰˣԳɵһ漴ַ˻ȻǶ֪ǲܹ̤ȥ
ȵеĥֽ֮ɢƵᣬΪޣ·ûгֹһ˾̾
شƻĥ̾һµʥշѹܽҶշⲻǴΪ𣡡ԳΪַƽҪΪ״ӣȻҪ⹷ƨ죬ܹʵĥ֮ƣ̺صʵˣôƣ
ȻأһܹƵģֻڻǿѣַ㵹Ҳû̫ڲƲƲ֮;鲼ˣһҪ̤̤֮졣
ϣ˰ɣַ㣬ҪȺϼһﲻĽ㣬ȥɽˮңүӽ㣡ԳɺЦ˵ȴַɫһ
ɽˮ૵һַڳ鴤
Գľɽˮַ̲סա𡭡
ԣɽˮַ㣬ɼǺˣԳЦŵȴ֪˿̵ַ
סĵطԴһֱΪɽˮ𣿡ַ̲סʵвԺһй֡
ǣǰǽʯԳɽǧǰ˸̬ɨ˻ģŽһλһսܵһͿȥ֮ʱ˵ӴԺʯԳɽɽٲԵĶˮ
ԳɻӦַ㣬ַֺݺݵĳ鴤£ǧǰ
Ǳ̬˭Ƿ񻹻ţַ׷ʵܽԳʵڴһͿأ֪Էж̬
˵Ҳգ֪ҲûôԺлڸɣǷ˭֪Կ϶ǣţͱ½
ԳƺԸ̸һĨη֮ɫѱļһﾹȻҲнɣľηһˡ
ˣֵַܣҲˣϼһȥ֮ˣһôﷵأǵһҡԳɴַͷַĹͷЩɢˣһ湻ݵġ
Ų̤ԳɳԶȥȥ
ϲҲǵúֵܺȱƣԳɵ漴Ӱʧ
ԳɱӰʧַ¶һĨ͵Ц⣬Щ˽ȴġ
Ƭַ̺ϵЦʧǽüͷ˼ǧò̾Ϣһͷա
֪ϹڡϦǺꡭ
ϤֲּϵƮԺ֮Уƺӡ
ǲ㡭ַ૵ڶ˵
Ⱥʧַ㣬һڸʲôأôоЩ
棬ϻ쵰֪ĸ˵֪ʲôʱַͻȻ棬漴һӵеſַһֱ˸С
ˣУһޱȿµľ޴ֱѹȵϣκ׼ֱַſ˵ϣһ屻ѹȵ˿˿ģоϱżޱȳصɽ塣
ӰַĶˣ̧ͷоѹֲһ嫵ĹտҲʲôûУֻпֲԪϢ͸˿˿ɼԪжôĿ¡
ַ˫ֳŵ棬˫ϥѵվֱͦסΣ⹬ѹ컹ҪֲҪϵڰĿѹ֮Ҫ嶼ѹѣѪţڴλž졣
̧ͷַ㿴ŴĶˣ·һ֯ʱǳͼʱɽӻһصɿֲѹʹѹޱߡ
⹬治ַҧ˵ЩԳɵĻˣνĶսʤأȥ֮²ҲҪѳƤ
ƻӶ£һӰѩг
ˣ
촫Ӱֲѹѹúݺݵײ˵ϡ
쵰˭ڿӱۣˤԴ죬ݺݵ˦Դоͷǳģ漴˶ĿĶַ㣬Ҫһڽַȥ
֪ǰĻ쵰۸û꣡ĥŷݣѩһͱһ˸̫ˣôۣصΰۣ


1078 ùַ
αۣҪĻҪ㣡ַĿⶢ棬ƺЩࡣ
˶˸£һĶַ㣬쵰ʲô衣
ʣ
֪ɽˮ𣿡ַ㿪ʵ
ַʻ˶һĿͻأ˸â֪Ȼ֪
ɫַ֪Ҫʲôһ֪ġ
ֻһ仰شǻǲǡַɫ棬ĵڣ֪ϹڡϦǺλ콾սյԳʣʯԳɽΪɽˮı̬ǲͬһˣ
վǿµѹ˿ȴ޷ѹӣĿһĶַ㣺֪ʲô
Ȼһˣ
ַͷݺݵһղԳ˵ʯԳɽ汻ǿиڲ²ˣ粻ʲôɽ磬ҲܳеǾ½磡
ԣֻ࣬һֿܡ
֪˭ĿĶַ㣬ܣַô֪ô½
ֻ֪һЩַתƻαۣһﾹȻаѹ֮¾Ȼûо
ᵽ˫ðҧַ㡣
䣡һɿµĻͻȻ˳ȥֱӳַ˹ȥ
ˣ
ַܣȴǿֲѹֱѹſ£˷һסĹҪôӣ
ӡ̫ˣ
СӣӱֻۣЦȴڴʱһһ͵˸£漴ҲһݺݵԵ˵ϡ
˭ű۳ģһ⹷ƨطѩ档
棬ò֪ϦǺַ꣡˵Ҫʶ棿һʥƹصǳ桢磬ƻһ㿴򵥵ģԺܵģñۻصѩУҪһ󣡡
ôݰɣַĻ̧ͷһ۹ϷǳԼɽӻӰôǿѹ򵥵ģ
˱˻ԣҪǳ۾Լֵǣ㹻ΰİڰ͸Ȼ֮ӵĿַ㣬⽫ص͸¶ַ㡣
ַ¶һ˿ǳЦһĺ˵ĻǶ˵ҪһȻҪʵֲǿ߰ɣľ˵ЩʵֱУ
ǳȥ
ַ㿪˵һ⹬ϤЩ棬֮ϣЩʲôԴٵҪϤһǡ
̧ŲַһŴȥϺưŸɽһޱȵĳأһأͳĲ֮
ͷһ棬ַȴǼһﲽӯƺߵĺһƽأһҲ֪ʲôֶΣ粽ʱȻ˿µĴ
ܿ죬ַ߳˴ʱоһɣ·һӳҲڲ֪ߵߡ
˳žŵȥǰ˼ɾʤգԴһŵ䣬㶼͸ŹӵϢ֪ʲô֮
õطʵĵ̰ɣ˶˸ţ˸˿˿а֮⣬ƺڴʲô⡣
ǹȥַŲǰȥ棬ַƬ̣ȴͣûмǰУſƺ׼ſϷ
ʱַ̤ͻȻоһ󲨶µ棬ܿ죬һɹ֮͸Ƭռ䶼ַ΢΢һ
ֻǰһӰȫһӰ
ȻǰӰȻȴǿ̳һûаַԼҲǵһĿԼȫò
þ
ַѷյ˲ԼʲôӹɣǰһӰȻǻûģڻþУƬþģ³һȫһˣһַ㡣
û뵽ҪƬؾȻҪһƬþ֪þежǿַŲǰȽޱȣһ̤·ƣεĻӰȥȻĻӰȴ˿վ·һ㡣
䣡ַŲһ̤ԼĻӰɱȥһȵıϮǧƥһ͡
ǻӰɲֱַĿȭһɲǣ˫ӵвŷ·ɣͻأ䣬һɿֲѹַϣµѹоԱ
䣡ͬһַ֮ĻӰҲһȭһȭ·شƣһɿֲĴƻ쫷磬ȭϣµ֮ȭâ
¡ַػ͵ķ˳ȥоֱޱʹ·ҪһҲѪ
ôǿַɫӲȻûеȵдϢʱ䣬ԼĻӰֳ˹һȭɱƵȭͷ˸ʱյԪ·Ҫɣȭâ⣬ͬ׹һɲǣֲ
䡢䡢䡭һµȭͷϵĺַϣԴ£Ѫ£һ촫ݺݵԵڵϣֻоɢһ
ǵʲôùˡַ̲סһ̫ˣתĿ⣬ַ㿴ſǣա
֪лþַݺݵĵһۡ
С쵰úϧʥƹͨΰƣþһͶܹͨشƵָ㻹ʲôģһӰһͶ乵ͨȻԽԽ͵Ĵ׷ӳʱҲͿ׻ڵԼˣ
ɢ˵һַɫһòҲǺܵù⸣⣡
뵽ַվϣӣս⣡


1079 
ŻþǰУþһĻӰͶ㶼ƣֲףʹɱ֮ҪԷһƸַûκıһκ˳ڸ
һģſЦЦĵȻֻ
ַݺݵĵһۣαۣҪҪҲԣ
ַһۣۺεͨСҪԷɣ˵شƵҶѾƿأ׿ɱʥƴ󡣡
˭֪أַݸһӵӵŭС쵰㶮ƨҪΪһЩʥƵΪķӳҸ㣬ûдܷӳʥ˶ɱµССʥƣġĵĳΣֻǾѣ񣡡
ʲôǵַʵ
һһǵһһǵһһͬǵʥԶԵƿؿʥƵʹӵصơ߰ͷΪַ㽲̵˵ֺݺݵַһۣ˵Ҳ
ַҧϻ쵰Ǹǧ겻һǸۣ֪ԨȷҪȡģӾһ
Ȼʲôϵַʡ
أ̵ΨƿشƵ֮Ͷ䷢ӳĹ켣ַ㣬ϣϣȴԵмֻ֮⡣
˼ƿشƵַܹʡ
ǵģɶ⣿
ֱַ˵Ļش
ľ̾ϢһͷǣտڲԣǰȻַҧгݣ쵰
Щ֮ΰáַ㽫һöָӸ棬˫۷Ź⣬ø
̽´ָ棬૵޼ۣһǧ𲻻
˵꣬ͷտڲԣַ쵰һϱв˽֪Ҫô֮ʲôãƵǣһľûһãӹ˵ַҲ֪ϻ쵰Ҵţ϶ͣǰģ
ϻ쵰ַ޵ҧһԲһöָ
̽£˹½˶Ѳɿ֤˳ϲңԲǺҶȡӵ⣬ֿΪ͵ν֮ȻΪƿ˵ֿµ䣬Ϊ֮Ϊƿط֮ˣһͷءռѡšʹò׺ɣ壬Ϊ֮Σ
׷ֻڲϵ̽׷Ѱ뷨һܹͱƬأ
ַһĬ֣ԭдУ֮׷ѰռĿꡣ
סУͲƵеУĪ⣬ӦΪٶȶַ˵һַȻľѾ˵⹬Բ
ң뱾۵εӢˡɱ̾̾ϢһޱȻϻ쵰װַһŽ߷ȥ
仰Ϳô֮ϲļһַҧ漴ٶȲþУһδεı̤ƬþҲζȥǺǵĵ
ŰκַڷƣصУɺ޿ֲ˲ѹѹһɿµʹַҧˣ͵һĥˣЩΪһͽ׼ģԸܣеҪܡ
ղһ۾£̽ųžʵǣҪϵʵǵһݣǾܹȡ˵λãõ˵Ĺ͸õԴ
Ϊ˲ԽҲаиֻһŵ죬ܲȥ
ھϣʱûбȡΣӰ˼Σ˵ȡûЩˣҲӦòͣı޲Լ
֮ƬþУַӵĿֲˣ㲻ֶֻͨĳһƣֲܹټĿֲ֮һƺȥܽߵշѹˡ
ȻˣɻȻŰñ˲ųѾû˰Ƿ٣ֻļͣʯ
αۣĳȻƵܷӳֲĹƾǿֶͨһԣĻشƵѵַֻʵѰֲԸһЩ֮ͨ˶ԣҪɱֶβС
ŵıַ㣬챯̾Ȼôļһܹ㹻Ĵ֮ΪĹɱԷأıֻΣ
ñǣ㾹Ȼʳô޴⣬Ȼƣɲʹóͨʱ򲻻Ὣ֮ȥֶͨα㹻ǿֽȻ֮ʹֻΣĴһιֶζ̺⹥ɲָκֶι

ַ㱻ԼоԼ޴ˣЩһֱӰԼѹȣԴˣֻ֪ƣǻǰӦŶԣַЩƣ
ң뱾εӢˣκָһ޶֮ˣ
쳤̾Զȥַ㣬ƺӰɪįַҧгݣ̫ˣ
ȴ֪˿̵Цޣĳ״̬УӳǣǳȻģʱֻԵü޴ַ״̬ԴƵͻͽľأȴһߣ


1080 ֻһ
յĹУַϥǹɿµѹ֮ɻڣȻַѾ࣬ȻѹļַشƵ򲻶ϵɿֲѹͬʱҲԽԽϰߡ
ԪתַſֲԪеԪ̫ˣ㲻Ԫʯ赣Ԫ᲻ɣ˿԰ĵͬʱַûԼΪ
ʱ֮ϣֲ·֯ɼ̫㣬תݣƬռ䣬ƺһɴת
ˣһεĲ̫Ŷֶַȥַ̼оһ·תһ֮âƺظӵ׽ˣһɵת׽Ȼ
Աߵ۾һתһ֮⣬˶ɵ˸漴Ȼׯϣػһ׽һ˷ѣ̨ʿԵǳӣȻԵż̵ϣͽ
ÿһʶԼ̨֮ȻҲ⡣
̫ûǧַĹнâɣлɹ⻪ôе֮ӵŨʶĿ
Ŷһһ硢һҶһᣬ֦ҶûһƬʵ磬иɽˮַԻƻûһƬ硣
ַһ˿ȴһ֮УһׯϣϴƬϣ·һ貵̫̫֮⡢֮
ԽԽңַȴޱůĸоȼյĻƺһ˿º֮⻪ư
֪ʱַʯѾģϵͨԺУ꣬ƬߺڰƺԼĹʣʶĿ·굱УַĻ磬ܻһ͵Ϣ·ϴ
꣬ȡأ
ȡأַ𺳣ԽԽԼĲûκεĴУΪλԼϣܻܹ꣬ñ¶ԭʼܹʥƵƿȡһƬҲҪȡ
ַûֹͣƬ̺統˵ʣҶԪҲһµľأԻĸ򶼷·ˣһ̨Ժޱ״̬£κֶζ졣
һε֮ãַϵĻϨΧƺֹͣҲȥĻûʧ¹ƽϷ⻪ת͸һ֮⡣
Ĺַ𺳣пһĹӵдΰԼչգΪֱֻ֮һܹһͻˡ
Ŀתַ㳯濴ȥ˿̵ƺ޷԰Σ⻪ת׽ȻһΪҲ޷εסȫ¶
弶ϻ쵰Ȼ˽
ַа쵰Ѿľ绹ҪˣȥһŽ߷ÿԼɼܵʱȻ˼Ա߿ϷԻΪ˴̫ˣ
˸ƺܵʲô漴׺Ŀַ֮ݺݵĵһۣС쵰Ȼ
ϲص湻ַ˵ַɫһ˲ϢΪȻĿַһۣĵĵԼ̫ˣ
ַԣ֮󣬸ֻϣΪѸͣڶ̶ʱѾ۷壬Ҳ˵
ݺݵĵһַۣת߳˴ٴԼĻӰһַܹƬ̣ԡڵƺҲմȾ˿˿ϣȻƵʹøˣ֮뵽ԼѾܹӳǿĽȴûиı䣬Ǻ˳ȥ
˰ַ֮սвϱǿų̤֮̋ʱʵһηԾóȥˣҪһͻеľء
һ;ޱȣһζҲһãֻȥϵĸʹþΪŵԸϡ
ַ¾죬˵ϣֻ˿кüӰġȼλ̤˶ԼһҪ̤󷽵֮أҪͨһþռ䣬þӰ
ַ㣡Ŀַߣϵı˪ʧ¶һĨЦ⣬Թĵڿ죬һҲûһΣ
Ϊôû˼̣㡣ַЦ˵İһۣ˵ĵǺ
ַ֣ҪҪԣӻþб˳ַкһϴȻ£ַּҲɣͼַ㱣һõĹϵûͻ֮ǰˣһǱˣƽ޹ʵĵǲǵѡ
ӰǷˣƺΪǿĻӰʹǶȥ֮أƵĵΪϼӵܣȻڡ
ַ̧ͷ죬Ϊ֮·гһܹṳ̋죡
Ҳɣĵ
ַ̧ŲƬþȥ̼䣬һĻӰ֣Ȼվǣһ
ַŲһ磬ʱһͳ죬ַƵ˸һƺ͸˺֮Хֲ֮Ȼ·ƶȺĸƶ
ǣ
ַĻӰ̧࿹⣬ȻɱĿֲЯֱ֮ӽ֮ĺ춼øľ
ǹµĻӰַ㣬ֻһƣ


1081 
ַֹȻΪһͽȹ캬Ц˵ַսȷʵֲ
Աߵַͬ㣬¶ɫһƽӰɱȷʵ
ֻҲ֮¡ַ㲻ĵӰûеھĻþ֮ӰֲڶƵƿأǻþɿŰֻǿмһ
Ŀַ㣬Цһһ²˾˵ɱ䣬һֲ֮˹ٸһʱ䣬»ֲ
ҲΪǾԵʣһĿ˸žâгһգһҪ̤Ͼȥ
ֻƱַŲ֮ϣ͵һ磬ֱӳŵʵǶȥ
ֲѹϣȻȴֻŭХһ죬Ŀ·ɫ貶죬ϵĴ֮·ŤĽŲϿ͵һ̤ƶϣ¡һ촫ĽŲȵĶ˵졣
˸һˣȺĿ΢һʮһһͽѾв̤˸ߵһ죬һ̤ģλҲڲ֪ķ仯ַֻھϲ֪ѡ
˿ˣûǼ򵥵ĽɫǵĲ֮ʹǰС
Ҳˣ૵һƺ̧ܵŲߵ̨֮ϣ³ĽŲ컺̤
棡ֲܵѹ֮ŭһӿһɿֲ֮ǰУѪͬϣ淥֮ع֮뿪ͬʱԼҲЮһɿֲش֮Ͽһ̤̤˵죡
ֳɹһ˶ߵ֮ϣһĻһ֮䣬˵ϵ죬ڵɰԸоһεѹ̤ϵ죬ʧˣǿ̤ϣɲơ
ǰСַһû˻ֹͣǰǳΪʯʺʵһͽǣ»ҪܲпĿ飬ܲ׷ľ硣
Ҫȥһˣַ˵ûǾϵֵǣǱϣȥǽ
ȥɣĵһ
ãʦǰʲôµȥﰲɣҺܿ
áĵ˵ͷ
ַŲ·ȥ̨
ַ㡣ʱһֻľӰߣʵַ㣬Ҫȥ𣿡
ţʦ֣Ҫȥһ˾ַҲͷ
ãҽλԼһЩӡԺУǵջľ˵ͷַͷһϲȱЩ
ľüһĨ⻪˸ֱ̼ûַԺУַ䣬ǹھһЩ䡣
ȻԷ飬һǣڻĺеĻ֮ǣַ˽˾ĸſ֮ǵİΣˡ
ֲǿרŽӻĺʲôϼǧҲҪٳߣƬҵģ䣬Ҳ޾Ľף˶ס
ҵ֮һаǰӦòд⣬ǵҵĻչ˻ľܿд·ƼʻᣬĺûᣬĪҪˣ
ľƲģٴһ
ַһ˻ľȻдҪǰ˻ľĴܹýȥ
ʦ֣һи⣿ַֿڵиѾкܾˣ˴лȻ
Ҷڵʱʲô˵޷ع˼ʲôľַͣΪжҲʵкιϸ𣬵ٺֺľ޻˵
һڻΪ֮ʹ˽ɵԭΣΪһͷСҪôַָܹһֱƣľʶ㣬ǿ䣬Ӧַָܹ㡣
ѶԼδҲ̫ˣΪ֮ʣѾھԼδ֮˿ʹýɵУԻٵҲ֪ٵ˺̶ֳȣҲöۣ֮ͨʹȫµΪ𣬻ûΪ壬⵹޸һ̸߼һƷҩɣӵзǷʹǿܴĻҪмǿ֮˰޸߷ʥƷҩС
ľ˵ַӿһĨصɫȵһͷè֮ʱȫèʱѾָľ˵ǰ鲻ͬƺںߣʱܴأЩ쵰ӲĴԭΣ
ȵΪ֮󣬶ҪǬʲôԼɨƽ
Ǻʦָһ·ַɫ࣬Ĵ㡣
·ľָžϣַ̤죬ʦ㣡
ַɫһҪ̤죬ҪУȻҪ붯ʣ»Ҫٵʱ䡣
ڶ·أַʡ
ڶ·ҵڣʥأһӵʥҩҪõҪ㱾ˡľЦ˵·ô򵥵ģȻʵе·ַȥһЩԼѰʥݣΣ̫ˣǾһûַ㡣
ʲôطַʵ
ڵʣĄ̊́ƵһľЦŻӦַаҪȥôһֲطʥҩ̸ףԷƾʲôʥƷҩ͵һ·һ̫ѣʮ־ɥ
˵ڵʥŮҪˣԴͻƣ
ľͻȻһЦַ㣺ڵŮʣʥŮҲζſδĻʣϸĻûġ
ַ̧ͷľôо˿ľЦôϼ޻


1082 ֶ
ֲĻĺַһ˵أڶθܵɻĵϢַȴûкһһľηǳ˺
ܹǾǿߵĻĺѾ޷赲ˣҪηĵϢɻĵֻҪܹõʥ㹻ǿܽ㹻Ļ֮ѹУΪá
˻ľĻĺԵһͷĻ֮սҪֱ࣬ͣڻĺУʱԵ½ֻҪ㹻Գǲࡣ
ַ㲢ûֱѡսǰҶᵽ̫ۣ֮ڻĺǿ߱ӾͲˣؼʱãͣڻĺսǰģɼж෱ǿ
ҴǰҲҪӻĺһ˵ôֲַѡ˵һǰĺսɵǧˡ
ַҲΪɣ㹻ֱӳˡ
ս֮⽫ս֣ŻĺпֲĻ֮ݡ
ȵȣսǰƬ̣յдһǿĺȺѪ̧ͷλǰߣͷΪȣλߣʵǿʢ
򿪰Ļǽȥ֮˫
˵սƿ֮˵˵ͷλߣҶֵһ֮һ˲͹ˡ
ȺҲ˭ǳ֮ˣ֮һ˲ϮҲ޷ô
Ƭ̣Ļ˲̤սָæµԼ飬û̫Ĳɻһǰڱ֮صĴ£ʯʺյһͽԼ񱤺̨ĶԹ
ЩѾ̨һʱˣ֪츳Ӧøֲ˰ɡȺһ̽֡
ǺǣȷǱ֮صļλӵܣһЩţû뵽ԯ쾹ȻûгΪͽԳʵ裬湻ҵģôĴ󻰡
ٺ٣Ͳ˰ɣԯ컹õģԳʲôˣԳʵӣľֶܸӣַúʶˣԯûҵĻҪϼ壬һҪŮûɣ˵öַֺģԺҪӵܸ˦ˣ汯硣
С㣡֮˶գգۣ˶ӣ˭֪ûϼڣңղƺоһɺ⡣
ʲôϼԼ֮ܳģ˵ԯûжõһͽ֮λҲûҪҵŮˣ˷ˣǳĵǲףѪرܹúŪһͺˡ
˵ţ˷ЦߵҲЦжй뷨ֻǲʵֻ֣
ʱַüͷ΢΢£Цļƺûз֣ǺλѾɱˡ
ҵˣַͻȻһɲϵս˿Щ˵̸¶ɱ
ʲôʱУֻЩ󡻹֪
Ȼ˿һλĮĿ˵ʱЩ˵ЦȻֹ˵ߣ붯ŭȴʲô˵ЩҲʲô࣬ԷΪɲ⣬ǲǡ
ôˣ˵ɣһͬ͸ɱȴûɱˡ
ǰ֮ˣһ̽Եʵ
ûд𻰣ֻĮĶЩˣɱ¶ȴ֣Щ˻
ʱ䣡ַüͷøˣ漴Ŀ⿴սƿߣ˵ǰͻ򿪰ĻǶҪ
սƿ֮Ŀַϣüͷַɫأʲô˼
һҵˣҶҪɱң˿̲ɱΪĺУΪǲ˳ɱһǰУǳֵʱΪ˲֪սȫҪڣ
ַ˵Ļսƿ֮ɫһַĴƺֿܣĻѾ¶ɱΪβɱˡ
ˣսͻȻͣȺɫһ
ô£
ôˣȺ׷׵
ս˵⣬Ҫ԰̫꣬ʱ䣬λɵİ֮һ롣սƿ֮Ц˵ɱŵȻ漴սת
Ȼһ̣ɫ㽩Ӳһɭֵɱ⽫ס˲
ҼǰУ˵³սƿַ߳Ļ
򿪰Ļߣһ׷ɱܻǵַ㲻ɫԷ
ˣ
ԷַĻһâ˸Ļٶȿλɫһ
ôĵӣһλŭһ͵ĳɱȥ
ͬʱֱַڿգս֣͵̤ս뿪
ýթļһȥ׷˽һλ߽Ųһ磬ֱڿնȥ¾Ȼͬһ֮磬˲ʧ޾ĻĺС
һĺеս֮ϣչһѪɱ
ַ̤սϷɶݣһɺ⣬ϼúݵֶΣȻɳλ˸ɱҽ˶ڣ˭֪ôģڻĺп¶û֪
һâ֮׷棬ٶ˿ȻѾǵ֮أһҪָء
ᰡǣǵˣ
ַ³һĮ֮ȻϼѾɱˣҲûʲôù˼ģնɱܶԵε׷ɱ
ͣɣңΪܻȥ𣡡ĮӺ洫Էַ֮ԽԽ


1083 ɱ
ַɫ˿Ϊڱĵطǿ׷ɱҲڻĺУˡ
ڶԷڻĺɱַõѡȻ²뵽ʵǡǡ෴ڻĺѡɱַ㣬ľ
ûַͣԦ֮ǰУԷҪڻĺȥɱǡǡɺϵǣַҲԶط
ڤ粻飬ҿǲײĲᡣǿ߼ַ㲻Ϊûͣɵ˵ҵĵ̣ܹģֻ˵Լѡһ·
˵գ⻪˸гһģӭƺſֲʥƣ͸һɽɵǿʢ
ͣɣ
ǿȻһŽĴ̼˲ϢԽַַ֮ǰ棬͵ĲյС
ˡˡ
һɿµĽŶʥ֮ţ֮з·µַ֮ݺݵײһεĲϣ޷ǰС
ƬѾ㻹ôӣߴ̤֮Ŀǰַ㣬˵
ʥַ³һһʥһܹյǿʥ
ңôֱʡַ㻺תĿⶢˣλǿߣ֮յʥȻǱ֣֮ҵ濴ҡ
ֶμһҪ·ţ̫ˣҪսڣΪ˲̨֪ò˵̫ˣܹǵȫ˽޷죬ַ㡣
˵ˣҵĵ̣ܶģ츳ԽǿԽЦѽַ㵱ˣգַѾл·ˡ
֪Ϊ˴󶯸ɸ꣬᰺⣬ǲһЩϼһҲˡַĮʵ
һ֮ˣҲ޷᰺Сԯ޷ΪͽӭȢС㣬ƻԯϵΪţ
棬˴ԯҵҶкôҹҵϣɹ壬ַƻЦˡ
ԭˡַЦˣаܲõЦţϧҵ㻹ղߣ
£һħ֮Ϣ٣ձҪǿߣֻһѡħ
ţü漴ֻһħַŶɫһ㶡
ħʯ
ħʥ
ͷһֻͻأħƷرңֲĻĺ궯
Ȼӵ˿µħʥϷһûаܣ˿ַħʱ˸ֲ̰֮⣬ַƺһɷħ»ᱻħɣħĸܵһļɵ֮⣬ɼһֲħʥΪá
Сӣǿʥһܹƿˣ㲻䣬ħϷˣ
һ̤ӡʱһֲֻմֳַħȥҪħΪС
򽣹һ
ַûжԣһɱֲħݣǧЯشƣ֮Ⱦħ
Ȼǿֲʥǿħ⽣ҵģ㲻ӵУߵ̰֮ԽԽǿң͵һлûһ˫˫ֲĴ֣ĳħ̽ȥ
ֲϵħ֮ըѻȻΪħƣЮħ֮ƵС
֣
ŭһַ͵һǿ֮ȷʵܹģһ֮Ѫڣǰ»ᱻֻѪǿʢŭ֮յХ֮Ѫѹס
Ȼͬʱһɿµ͸ħݵϣеķħҪѿħЩ֣Է̫ǿˣԲֹһأս˶ԶԷǿ̫࣬ضпܡ
ַһħ֮л̼ۿֲɱ͵նɱʱһħԨŶԷɶȥ
αʥƽЦ
˷һյʱǰһ޹֮Ӱ
ˡ
죬һֿµҪַ
ַеħնɱֲķĨȻԷһźõսķ·ƶǰУʱһɿֲĲսһַѹȶħƶϵıֲĲѹȵ÷ַ㡣
սʤַһ뷨˵ľ̫ˣʮǧûа취ֲħҲС
ֲķħѹħ˫ֽħգХ֮ٶȹɱ죬ħƷ·һͷħյŭ
үСˣѪȻ˵ǿʢԷ˿ַܿѪ죬ŭ󣬷ǳǿʢ˴ѡ񽫶ԷĨɱڻĺȫȷġ
ɱַŭһ˫ֳֽŶԷնɱȥ·ϧһҲҪԷնɱȫƴļơ
ȥɣ
ֳһսģԷʱһޱȿµĹⲨַħѹȥħѣħɢ͸ħֲȫַϣֱ³һѪĳ¿׹ȥ
ۣ
һ죬ַ׹ĺУ̼䱻ħ·ͨ飬Ưڻĺı㣬ָ񷡣
ҲҪΪУܲħʥҪˣ
׹ĺУصַܻĿֲ뵽ĺȥοַ㡣
ӽԺҾˣһץħħĽ棬¶һĨõЦ⡣
ַħˡ
ͣȻһɣһɾ֮Ŷֲħо
䣡ĺ죬嶼ҪᣬħͻȻɱ쵽˼飬ֱӲţɫֲħŰо˳ǵĺ䣡
漴һ˫۾̹ǵ۾ַ۾ֳִڵħӻĺг֣
ַ㣬ûҪɱ


1084 Ů
ôܣôܲ߸оħŰɫҰףǾ֮ɫ֮֮޷ֿ˵׹ĺУַôܻš
ɱ
ַ³һ̹ǵ֮˳ħӿԷڣҪԷ׵Ĩ
Ϊʲô
ŭһַֻоһɿֲľݺݵĳϣԵѪ·ҪħȳѪһͷŭʨڳݺݵײַϡ
ֱַһѪٴαĺУаѣܹѪҺ۳Ѫ֮Ȼ㱻ħɱѪȻħ˲
Ȼղһ̫ͻȻټħֲĻħԷ̼䱻ݻ٣˿Ҳֻڴ
ֻвϵѪħڻİγ
ˣ
һɿµŻĺһʶĿҪ㣬̫أ֮ҲûϮûܣһ貵ֱӴʺ۾͹˳
ʥ
һʥ֮͹͸ŲңΪʲôƵıɱ֣֮ռ䣬ûĺΪַ֮أȻԷȻӻĺɳ룬ͬʱֳʥ֮
ΪʲôɣַԷɲɵþ̾ǿߵжӲüֲ֮Ļ֮˲˳Էû
ġôǻĵ߱һĻԣȻҲ˵漴ֻһǿֱ˻ĺУûĵ룬ûǿĵֿڻĺУΪǿȻ
ĺ˵һ
Ϸްһɿֲ˹˳ޱǿҵĲʣǴӸֱӷޣؾ֮ѣȻصַУǧʣҲ޿κΣҲֵסĵϮ
䣡
ĺӿһɿµľˣַ㱻˺գǴڵѪɫ԰ס
סΣ漴÷ħʯסħѾƲסħˣǼһڳˣһ̾ȻѪҪԺҪɱˣһҪޱȽߣ̫ˣù
ȿȣ湻ģַȳһĨѪһ漴һһĨЦݣܹյʥҲֵˣˣǼˣңܺãϹɱ
Էսַ㵱ȻҲһЦˣȻԲԼƴһս
һУַصԼ֮ϣĻ֣֮ռ䣬ַ棬ɫɺܲ԰ףɱһߣҲ˲صĴۡ
תۼ䣬ַʧƬյУ뿪֮ϼһλǿ߿ռ䣬սϵɱȻ͸Ϲʥ˿ռ䣬ʹϢӳȥټϿֲĻĺӰ죬ֱ˿̲ҵȴֻʣº΢Ϣˣĺûȡֻп±ŰĻ֮
սĵصӦأüͷ壬ͬĿֲʵټܹշʥַ˴ǱɵģѾɱˣͬΪʧˣѽ⡣
һԷؼ𣡡˵һ뵽һֿܣҲΪΨһܣת峯ŻĺԵȥ׼ر֮ء
Ѿڼǧʷ˵һǸˣȴǳһλʣֽһƬߵĿٳԼĸۡ²ūͣĺٻĺˣֻҪͼûʲôģҵĺȥѰ
꣬ĲƸԽԽֲкܶ༫ıǺֿʼйƽףʹþԽԽǿѾΪ˻ĺеһǳأңȴֳ˴̼ʲôԸɡ
ĵ̼ʲôҸɣ˲ҶһЩֲĴڣЩٲϴϼǧﶼ٣˵ɺܻҪŮˣҵǧɫܹѪץȥ޷졣
ھıԵ֮أоͷޱȾ޴ǾҾ޴ޱȵսˡ
ʱԶսڻĺгУֱ⼸յľƺʢ˼Ķࡣ
һҳžս֮ϣһӰעĿӢ䲻֮·Ҫ¼̤Ľ£֮ж͸һĨԵ֮⣬˺Ȼԯ졣
ԯһŮǱַ㿴˶ȻҪĨɱԭ᰺ǡ
ԯûжͽϯλû浱ףϼϣⳡܳɣǺԯߵıȽϽǵȻϼǿͬϴβǣǿɲǴ¡
սһˣһĿз·͸âַ㿴Ȼ֣ᷢǿ̤ϵͽƣһ¡һɫͫףͽӵ
ͬʱԶһս֮ϣһŮӣӢˣһϯȫճջ֮һͷɫĳٲ£˫͸֮⣬貶Ŀϧǣݾ͸һ޷ս֮ϣ˶Ľϵ̿ˮ
˵ŮվһͬӰַڵĻһǳԾΪӰڽ֮µǱ壬˿ȴػ欵Ůӣ


1085 ʯ
ʱһսӻĺϿջٶȼ죬˲˵Ŀ⣬ǰĺսϵȺȫѸ͵֮
ҵ֮ս֮ϣɫһ
ԯ֮ĿһͣޱȷĿ֮⳯ȥ³һַ㣡
ַ㣬Ǿַ㣿սϵ˶֮ı֮أַǷǳ̤֮Ͼ죬Լԯ죬Ϊʯʺµһͽ˺֪ܿǰ֪ꡣ
ս֮ϣǾҲЩ֮صǿߣǿ֮ʱܿ뵽˺ܹ֮ܶ࣬࣬ЩϼΪ֮ѵϼ˵ˣ
һҲˣһٺ٣˶˸̰֮⣬ϻޱȣɱ˶ᱦһҲʣɱͺɻĺ뿪˭֪ĸɵġ
ַĸ֪ǿԯ˵֮ǾȺ̹ȻĿˣɵһͷ󣬹Ȼ֮û£ԯڣҪıݶˣʱҲѾá
âһ֮ʧֱַ̤˾Ȼѱʶã㲻ʲô
ᣬȻڻĺϿƮУȫ޾ĺϢȺַ㻹δ뿪ĺֱ̤֮ɵ΢Щǿַӻĺ߳Ҫַץȥоˣĵûޱǿʵ˭ӣ֮ܵϮ
ַ㣡һ漴Ⱥֻԯ쳯߷Ծֱַ㣬Ҫַַһͽ
ַԳɶһУ͸ַ㡣
ɱԯŭһֻչ˻δһȭƿգַɱǿֲȭͷ·һͷľޣɱ졣
ɱ𣡡ַɫĮһԣŲ˷貵Ĺ⻪ͻأųâҫޱߵǹ⽣âǳ֮£ֲȭն𣬽âɴѹȶ£ŭɱԯ졣
ʥȺɫһͣһöرȻʥ֡
ԯȭýâȴƺ̺ǳ֮޾ĽâХŰֲشƷ·Ҳ뽣С
򽣹һɱ
һնɱԯ˲ֹϿպȭ·Ļڽ飬ȴԶԶıܿˣ汬ѣһֲѷ졣
Ҫɱңʸһʺᣬʲôŵʸ浱Լˣֳַʥӵ̬ԯ졣
ԯɫѿʥѽնɱ
Ц̨ͽ֮ս֮ͬʱɱһΣΪ൱һɱһءַȻɨԯһۣ漴Ŀ⿴˸ãһĨɱ⣬ߣַײɱԷʱ
㾹ȻûǵĻѿڶַ㻹ƺ⡣
ַ¶һĨõЦݣȴԵм֮У֮֮ʱսû֮ԺſҪóúõıţǣòѪ⣬߶ҹ·׳£
ɫӲввһ֮ˣȻвϼĵӣ˵ǰ
˳ԼͶĿ⣬ʱǵɫ˼֣Ȼַ֮һǷϼܣҪ˱Ͳû˵С˶в֮¡
һַ㣬̨յĵһͽһһͽŵĺܡȺһĻ¶Ȥɫַ㣬֣ȫҵĴڡ
֮ͥ£ϼЩ̨ûԯô󵨸ɱַ㣬ڰоͲ˵ˡ֪Ѿַ¹ˣַﻹʲô˼ɣһ
ʱһϮµŮҲ˲ԶӰ˵ַ㣬̨侳һͽڽ֮׵ηĵϢңһеõЩ
ŮһƬֻǾ˷񣬺ܶע⵽˲Ӷû޵Ľԡ
Ů΢΢˵ͷ漴˸תۼʧδĿȻȥ
ַЦĿԯԼһۣ漴ȥĿгƵζһ˵ɫѿȻһ֮ӣԯ죬һΪԼͬ޵У߶Ҫ͵ֻеڣ˸࣬ǰ߰ͷݣ
ԯ֣õõһʥԯֵǿʵ׾ɱƿԯѿɫ˵
һУһԯɱ¶
İɣǴ㹻İֻ֮Ҫĵһʯ׬ˣɫȻַ뿪ıӰ
ַԯ˺ֱĵȥȴδݣҪҵӣ̽ǵϢĻƾԼҵˡ
ھ˸ַᵽ˴ķǻĺеһ޼ʵľ򣬾Ȼ쾳ǵ˿ڻҪܼǿƺзƼʻļƺʲô˼Ҫĺ֮ʯйأ
޾ĻĺԨ֮ıأһЩػʹΧʯ֮棬ͬԳ֮غ֮һʯеıһ
ūһЩˣȥѰȥʯ


1086 ͬѰ
ūˣȡʯȻʯڻĺ֮ףҪôڣǾһ
ַӿٶȣڵ˾ֱǰ֮ء
һƬ嫵ĵ򣬾Ϊ𣬾ͷȻĺԵӴ嫵ͱݣϺ嫣֮ơ
˵޴ľǱÿһͷݶвͬôݣǾסĵط
ַȡܵ˾ӣַ㳯Ǳȥ飬ĳǱ⼫ĺ嫿˿ûеаңǬâ̫£ĸоǳʣ֮ƣǳ
һ̨ͤУַȺ򣬵ǷǳĿϾַгнھİǲò߶ӡ
Ƭ֮һл̤һϮóۣлÿһǳĴ󣬴ź֮ߣһλӣɫ΢Щףһɵ⣬ƺЩʧ
ҵ˭ԭСֵܴݣӭַ֮֮ˣַ˿̵ףھһܸߡ
߶ǰĪҪǡַ˵Ȼ׶Է֮ԸȫΪ̨Եʣ׿ֻ̨һӵǱ֮ˣ֮ûʲôˣ
СֵﻰǿͣοСֵǹͣкַ¡
ңǰ룡ַòĵԷҲٿֱҲ£Ŀ޵Ŀַ㣬̨һͽַ㣿
ַ㡣˵ͷַʵλֵǣ
ûд𻰣ȴЦŻӦҵֶƣ
ԭǹַ֣ٴЦŶԶԷͷ˴ǰ󣬲òܵ
ֻǶַ΢΢ףޱ飬ƺôַ㡣
ַҲδ⣬ǰʵ˴ǰʵΪһ󣡡
Сֵܵ˵޷ܰæȻ
ǰǵãϴξڻĺٳ֮¡ַ㿪ѯʣĻ䣬ӿ˿˿⣬ΪǶ
񡣡һ漴ЦȻǼǵˣСֵΪʼ£֪СֵܺƺЩìܲǣ
ǰҺȻгԹģȻʱս֮ϣҵļλѣ֪ǵ䡣ַ˵ʵ飬Ҫ֪ǵ䣬ֻʵʵ˵
΢΢£ĬƬ̣һԵü
ʱȷв˱ٳҾϣСֵָļˣҲ޴Ӳ𡣡
һλŮӣʸ߹ޣǳңλһ˶ӣʲһƮȻϴһ˿һѷŵ˵ֱˬ죬һ˷ǳݣƤ𪣬Ŀǡ
ַ㽫ġĪϧʸԼƷֱݳʱϵϢ΢΢£ǳԣַɫһԷһ֪ʲô
üͷƺڳ˼漴СֵܣԵƬ̣ȥЩǴҲ֪Щ˵ľΣҲ
ã鷳ǰˡַΣҲֻˣȻɹ֪Щʲô
ƣСֵܶ꿡ܣ׽һһ뿪ˡ
ƴַ㣬Ǵ޵Цݣڵ˵Ůӣģ
ţַɫһ˹Ȼ֪
ǵģ֪ģַ㶢ŶԷʵ
ȴЦҡҡͷ֪
ַӵĻˣʵǹ֪ģ
Ůòһϲˣ˸Ĺעˣ˵ӺģȻ֪ˡŪԼƣ԰׵ϴһĨǳЦ
ȻֹעôӦ֪ںδǣַ׷һͷһĨĸо
˵˲֪ǲ֪𣿡ŪԼƣ˵˻Ŀ⻺̧𣬶ַ¶һĨ䵭Цݡ
ַĿӶԷҲ÷˼֣Ƭ֮󣬲¶һĨĮЦ⣬Ȼ˵ˣȻŵģ
ʱһ˹ַȷǹʱڵս֮һַ֮Ŀ¶һĨǿҵķâȻǼǵַģʱַ֮ϾսǲĺУַӡȻĺеַ㣬Ȼţ
ȻڻĺлɫޱȣҪַ㿴͸ַ㰵ܹڻĺлܣǱй¶ȥĴǡ
Сֵܣʱٳѵģɣ
ַĿⶢŶԷδ˵ԷȵѾ뿪ˣûΪѹǣҲȥ˰˻ľ
ַԷеĵâ뵽˸ղŹƵķӦַĽ³֪ѾûˣκϢʲġ
뿪˾һȥ˻ľμʯʺͽˣҲȥ̨ԼѶȻԷѣ
Ȼˣǰұȸˡַվ깰˹֣
ֺżһʢҪչˣֺβһ
Ц˵漴ַ㿴ǿ֮أ˳߲Щ˶ѪʢϢǿȻ˿бžʯȴ·𱳸ǧľһŲĳأ̤ŵ淢Ƶ졣
ʯַɫһЩʯͷʺɫ͸ŻĵϢԵø죬ҪǣЩʯͷ״һеĻʯꡢе罣ꪣеĻʯΣǳأȻʯ״淶ľ޴ʯƺ޾ܣ
ǷǷĻʯѵűɣַЩԾû뿪ȻǵİΣ뿪ҲãҪӾҵͻƿڣ


1087 
Ƭ֮˷׷׳嫿ĵشЩ˴ŸͬʵǿߣҲ꿡֮ʿ
ַȺпԯԼҲ˽ȻЩ˶ΪЩʯ
Ⱥǰڷľſ޴ʯж˴ξųϢҪſʯóŽ
ĺ̲رأһЩĻʯرÿһʱգʯÿһĻʯУԻзǳ֣֮˾ÿһζԻʯǿߵ
һΣϢҪʯЩʯܳҪĻʯֵܻޱȺ֮أһЩӵݵǿԼһЩ֮˶׷ΪģǾ˴ε
𣬴˴ξȻֻʯι״ȷرһͷȻΣΪأ˵ĿⶼλʯϣλʯгֹޱǿʬܹڻĺԨǧʬǿֲǿߣֵǡ
ֻʬǸ޿ɹֵ˻ľͳֹһʵʬѪ
ǿʥѪҺǿĵҩߴԼѪͷ
Ⱥ׷ۣ˵ַδ֪֮£ַһһסɣͷݣΪû뵽ߵʬôãУһʬֻǾʬЩر
ʬԼʹлرҶδԺ󶼽Ҫַ̡аȻԼлһߵĹС
ҲлԴȥתһתǼһûв֪ġ
ʱַߵʯм䣬˵ſʯҾѾ޴۴ӻĺеһԨصãȫǷǷҲ²пܲرЩرҾԲΪУóһ֮ʯʯ׼ٰ֮λԳˡ
ٰ֮úݣȺа̾Щʯ˭֪ӵʲô֮ǰ˭ǲƿģһֶģǶֵˣʲôûֻһͨĻʯҲֻԡ
ʮö֮˺һλ֮ˣ׺ʮö֮ȻǴӵܣҪٰʮ
٣ٴμӼۡ
գʯ£ֵ˰ٰ֮ѾǷǳˣܻܿð˰ٰ֮һʯͷ
ҪҪƿ΢΢һЦ
ƿɣ굹Ҳ⣬ЦŵҲ뿴ĵʲôȻΪңÿһʯʱ򣬾ᱣ֤ȫԭ򣬷˭ľĻʯ
תз֮â£漴͵ĳŻʯնȥ̼촫ʯһǣɣĽӲĻʯչڣһ֮ɫӲǳȺǰ滹һơ
ôĵһʥɣȺɫһмǿԱ͵һ촫жƿն

Ⱥɫһһʯог˻
ߣһһɿֲѹѹ£ǻ͵ıѹסС
꣬һͷ꣡ȺɫӲڹʯꡣ
ǧ꣬ڻĺǼǿټѪܹ٣ǿ޵ĴޣǣӲޱȣʥף
Сãˣļֵɹƣ׬ˡ
Ⱥ̫죬һĻʯо꣬׬ˡ
˿ҲԵ÷ǳˣЦúϲ£죬ȥӹ
£Ըǧ֮꣬Σʱһλĺ߿˵ܹӳر
Ǹǧ̫ˣ국Ц£߱첻ԣаգҲ֪ǧˣʱȫҵˣ֪Լ͸
Ǻǣһʯ׼һǧָ֮һ鷽ĻʯȺ
úݣ˻٣ȺаʯͷͨͨȻֱӽмһǧȻǽղĻơ
ЩʯǴͬһطȡģǵطرջ˵ȻĻ˶ʼмۣҪŪ˺öֺĪץס
Уʯĳǧĸ߼ۣһλĵãǵٿʲôûУȺ۾ߵù߱ҲޱȰգװ˷ǧ֮
û취֮£ģͽжģǶܳǿġ
ַĿ˸ԼǲҲĺȥŪЩʯͷЩʯͷֵǮ
ֶΣҪŪʯ϶ȾҪࡣ
ֽ˺üĻʯ۸񶼺ܸߣǿһõǵ˶ޱƣתۼſʯѾƿ飬ֻʣʯˡ
ʯ˵ˣǧ֮ʯǿյģ˿̲ûмۣۣ˿ָŵģһλʯĳ̺ǵĻʯ״ҽмۣһ˻
ǧ٣ַЩǣһӵģȻᰡ
˱ҵԵЩٳˣ˴ξȻ˽̫Էӵܵݰ
һȻƴ֣
Ⱥ׷ۣ˿ʼӼۣգʯǱõ۸񣬾Ȼﵽ˰ǧ֮Ŀֲ۸񣬿֪ᰶʯڱصãȺףҪǿʬҪеѪҺϼѪйϵᰣҪںѪ
ʯɣᰵɰ֮󣬶˵Ŀ
ã˵ͷʼСƿʯһߺǣɲܲСıƻˡ
ͷͷȺĿ̣ǿͷãǿߵʬͷûиࡣ
ƻʯ
ͷƤҲã찡ܲʬһȺֻоѪҺڣʲôĿֲܹڻĺ
ʡʵ
ʯһı䣬˿м䶼¶ɫпǻߵ
ޱȽţ඼кãǴͷԸ
ܶѾ˲ϧһд׼
üë۾ӣˣһɿֲѹȺ׼ˡ
̨ͤеַȴȻվ¶һĨɫͬʱǻʯڳˣȻſһ貵ĺâ
ʬǻˣʯ̻ˣ


1088 Ϲż
ôܣʯоȻл˳֣Ⱥͷݺݵһˣʲôֲڣ
¡ʯըѿֻ˳ಲ壬費ݣ¶˵ı亮⡣
Ų͵һ̤ѿ֮˾Ȼֱ̨ͤеĹƶȥ͸ǿҵɱ⡣
㻹ţһôܻţѾᵽĺԨȥˣôڻʯеġ
󺦳棡ַ۽ǳ鴤û뵽ӻʯгֵĻˣȻǴ󺦳ʸ
󺦳Ҳַ㣬ֻɨһۣʶ㡣
ַ㣬ǰȥĺȡʯ漴ĺУڲʶ
ͻȻַĶĤд󺦳ַɫһ󺦳Ƹɵ£ڲַϣȻΪ󺦳֪ʵֲַ㡣
ɱ
󺦳һŭ죬гһޱȾ޴սƣţХ
Ƶˣôʸʵ˿ˣӦ˲Ŷԡ
ңƵһλߣ΢ʱǧ˿˿߻û赲ʸµһ
໡
¡
죬ǧ˿ƵĴ֮ϣ֮˺ѿٶȺһƣŽ
Ȼ˿̻ʸѾһߡ
ߵ𣡡üӰͬʱڿգŻʸȥͬʱҲǿߵ£
ʯгֻˣû뵽ģѾ޴õģֻҪõǱսʥֻ׬⡣
ɱ
ʸɱ죬ͷһɱʱճһǿޱȣЩ˺ɱȥ
ǿһգ󺦳ôôǿ󣬶һǴӻʯг֣ʲôַͷ˿̴󺦳սܿ¡
Ȼ˿յһǿ߳ƱҪô󺦳أЩ˶ߣ󺦳սֲҲһ
ַɨ˹һۣùƸоһ屩ˣ˿ַϵɱ⣬ÿֲ䵽Ĺ
ʲôĶַ㣬Ϣ
ɣַ³һ漴֣̤֮ϣֱ󺦳ȥ
ɱһɱˣ
ɫӱˣȻһ֮ŵûҪַ
֮˲Ϣʸǰȵ
ʸɫһͣ漴Ѹ̤֮Զɶݶȥ
ַ֣ǰֱ֮һգսٶȿ쵽¡
һַ³ѩƮ䣬ַΪģѩ·ɢ˲Ϣֲ֣֮ɱХ¡һѵ촫ǿĹըѣȻʱ֮ѾԶȥ̫ˣʱ޷
׷һǿ׷ɱȥȻ֮Ŀֲٶһ߶޷󼰣ֱ׷ĺԵ֮ʱ֮ѾʧããĺУ׷ˡ
ˣ
ȺɫѿһʥսôˣƵˣôĴۣȴһգʯеҲˡ
ַͻʸĺϿգʱַɫ࣬Żʸʵأ
ʸ΢΢鴤뿪ڣȴ֪οڡ
ǻ쵰òĲӣȥĺڻʯڻʯḶ́ڻĺԨСʸ˵ַɫ˲ò԰ڻĺԨûл·
ƣַɱ˸Żʸ󺦳棬ȻܻţҲܻŶ𣿡
ַлһϣĺԨǾ·󺦳治Ҳ
ϣǻŰɣ󺦳۽ǳ鴤ַǱĻĺԨһϹŵսżǧ겻ʬһ
ϹսżַɫһͣŻĺԶʱڵս񣬻ʸѲȻż
ȻʬΪ˵ǧ겻ַʵ
ûгɢǧ겻ҵõһλǿߵĴУԼڻʯУܻųȻõ˺ôһǰԨ̻ʯҴ
ԭˣַüͷȴţоɫ
ַ㣬ҲҲõ˴Ҳ˵Ԩоǿߴս²ֻһλǿżУǿҲʸοַ㣬ҲҰο
ַĬƬ̣ƺ˼Ƭֿ̺ڵ֮ţǰ˻ľһؾһˣ
У㲻ܻȥʸ
ģҲԼΣվصġַ˵һĨ˲Ϣһף㽫˻ľ㡣
˵գַӿһĨ⻪뵽ʸüĵС
ˣһ貵İâŶ֮յУַıһ˫ꡣ
Ӱ
³һ̼䣬ַӰãֱʧ׵ĳΪһӰӣһʧˡ
ȥ˻ľ̨µңȥɱ˾ͻأʸֻоһӿ漴ǰƺûӰĿ΢
һԽԽ̬ˣʸ૵ֱַӴӻĺգȻǲĺϮ
֮ϵʸŰ˻ľȥ
ȻַܿһνھϣһȴϢĽ٣ٵĳž֮˸ȥʯû֪ĵ༸˻᲻ҲɱڻʯС
ΪղŵĶңʱֹͣʯҲ룬ֱһжƽϢ֮ʯżʼʱַûصߣȺеѾϢĳϢʵӰߵ˶֪·þһޱȻ
ᰵɫһֱţǧ֮ҲǸޱȾ޴Ŀ޶˵ӵˣַĳ嶯һνʸߵˣַ㣬Ȼַ㣬ַĺѾ޷ˣַУһҪǧУ


1089 ֲױ
ڰ˿ʯ˸ߣȴʯ֮ϣȻһ·У͸һɹɿµɷ֮η
ʥ
ȺнԶһ뷨ɿֲɷ֮ɱ·һɾױڻʯУ⼫ӲĻ֮ʯ޷ס˲Ĳ²⣬ʯзӡһȻǷǳ
ܿбʥ
ԷʯѡģɢĻʯ֮⣬һʯҲͬǳȺֻҪǿʯһۣһ巢ĸо·ӡһͷµľޣ˻ë
ųϢܶ˾ǳʯġ
ʯ׼ǧ֮국ЦɨȺһۣ˶һǧ֮Žǵ׼ۡ
ѹ־óЩҪʯڶģԼҲǶģңӵһЩֶΣǱ뵽ĺȥȡʯЩūȥԼõʯҪɱȴܹ۵İ֮ѹ˵ĸÿ¡
ʯڱصáԯ쵭Į˵һʥٵһֱҪҵһʥȡĿҲΪܹĵһʥǰʯܻܿʥУһҪһ
ԯҪԵһ֮᰿ڵǧ֮
ǰ֮ǰ͸һʾ޴ĿΪľԯ죬ȡϴδɵĻܹкԯϼڱС
쵰ֱӼǧȺаᰣ̫ˡ
һ򣡡һĮĿһּǧ̫ˣһȺӣſ֮˿ȥꡣ
һǧٶȿڣȺĿһҧгݣ˵Ķһǧֱ֮Ӷǵ룬Ѿͨʥļֵˣһǧܹ֮һЩˣЩң̫ˡ
궼ˣһǧ֮ѾԽƷʥļֵοǻʯУһʥټӼֵۣ
һǧ֮һƽȺɫһѰ˵֮ˣһλ꣬ɫ𪣬ûǿϢȴҽôֲļ۸񣬶ȻҲݿֲû˸ƭǵò֮
˵֮˵Ȼַ㣬˹עʯʱȴһֱʶעԯᰣȻҪңǻѵôС
򣡡ᰱɨַһۡ
ûļޣַЦĵǧ
˻Ⱥһԣַ㱨üͷδһ£ֱӼǧ
ĺܣǧ֮õó𣿡̽ԵʵĿ͸һĨ⡣
үǻɵĻԷ֪ܲóˣַ㵭ĮĿһۣһݣϵɺ
ǧһᰲҼӵ̫ݡ
ǧַĿһۣЦӲ㡣
һʥƺãʯҲһĪҪҼ
ȻǸӵܣֻǲ֪һңЩ֮ˣò˻ˣȺаַԼᰡ
򣡡ҧѾȫļҵˡ
ᰵɫַ㵭Ц£鴫֮ҵļˣȻˣøְɣ
ַĻ޵ýȥΪ쵰Ľ֣ٺʧһ֮Ǹֲ֡
ǰ᰽һöָݸ꣬һöƷİ֮㹻һ֮ˡ
ֵ֮ͬȼƷƷ̺֮İƷ֮ǿֵܶ࣬౶߶ԣ壬ϺƷ׵İܷ֮ӳǴƷܱ֮ȵģ˼ֵҲٱ
ãұʯˡˬЦۣȻ˵ġ
᰽Ųˣ漴꿪ʼʯ̫çײһֲʯǹɱ֮ԽԽֲˡ
ѵпֲȺɫǿʯ˿˵ʲôûǲܵˡ
Żʯмϵĵ䣬ɫҲÿµɱ
ˣʯмԶɢĶ¶ˡ
Ǳ
ɫ̣ǻʯУһɱ֮𣬹ݣ־֮⣬̫ˡ
վԶɫԽԽأٶҲӿ࣬ģһìǵǰɷ֮ɱ֮ݣ֮УһɿֲĻɫ
ÿµױ
׬ˣĿų֮â̫ǿˣ֮սìÿ£ԳԽƷʥĲΡ
ԯ˫һգ죬ǰʥҪǿɱìİԵɱ֮˭ܵ
֣øңԯᰵ
ͷ鴤ǳã뵽ЦȻ͸ԯ֣
ãţһؼȡ㹻İֽ֮˳סԯ쵭ĵʥļֵɹ֪ΪʲôøңҲøԼһ̨ףֲ
Ȼԯ־ˣȻûЦ彻ɣһʥĽܹˡ
ԵҲ¶˿˿õЦ⣬·޲޸ԯ죬ϧõģʵǲпģЩ£޷ԤϵõȻڶַһС
ˣ͵ĽսìƵУһɿֲɱ֮Ű˺ѵڷƮǾоԶŵսƺпֲǿֳսìɱ޾Ѫɺӣ
СֵܣսìҪСĵ㣡һЦսì봢ռ䵱У漴һ𽻸ᰡ
ллǰˡͷ
ʱԶַĿɨߣЦᰣòҪҴᣡ
Ļַ㲻ᰵһˣǿսìȻҲŹ


1090 徧ʯ
սì뵽ᰵУſĻʯֻʣһˣǿͨͨĻʯûص״Ȼֻһ۾ͻ˸оͷƤ飬
ԻʯпܻӡſµԶŲǴϹսʱģĿ£ѵʯӡģҲǿֲ𣿡
ȺаԲ²⣬ʱЦ£˵ʯܷܿӡŻһΣһǿ·ӡԲѣ׼ۣһ֮
ˣȻֵһ֮𣡡Ⱥɫ죬û̫¶Ȥ
ղǱսìشҲˣеľɱ֮·Ҫɱ¾ѪɺӣܿԶսʯͷҲһطڳģУҲſµɱŻϢ£ȻҲܷԶ飬˵ǿֲޣЩĻ˵һ֮ʮٱļֵܡ
ջˡ
һһǧ֮ʱ˿ˣһûȺеϹΪǿ
һǧԯ쾹Ҳ˽Ҳ֮Ǹղڵļ۸ĵֱӽ
һǧҲ˽ЩˣҪһԣ۸һ
һǧϹٴμӼۣƺ˿һ۱еĻʯǳȤ
һֱӼۣܿ죬ʯļֵȻͣϢȻûһʯңȻһʯַ֣һŽȥ۸Ҳôֲ
һǧַ˳ĬƬ̺󵭵ĺһ΢գڣһģƺܹ֮ӻ
һΪؾѣȻôֲĻʯʲôҲõģȻǸܼӣȺаȻĽַ㵱˻ӻ޶ȵĴӵܡ
ַƺȻûв˵Ŀ⣬ҪıȺᡣ
ȻҲ֪һˣȻʯģӼ۲Ӽۣûйϵ
һöƷ֮ʯ
ʱһȺĿһͣһöƷ֮Ʒ֮ǳ󣬵һöĻҲһö֮ͨⲻǴ
˵Ŀ⳯Ⱥȥ漴ǿһλŮ˿һ۱ҪΪ֮Ůӣ̫ˣǽĺɫˮĵУҪսһɫٲ£ںȻȴ͸ʣ޷ظиѪӿҪȥҿԷɴ
һöƷ֮ƺֵ֮ͨ꿴ŮӸȡ֮Цһ
öƷ̺֮İأŮɺȴȺ̲סһ
찡İ֮һƷ˷ˣֵǣ
ƽóİ徧ʯͨİ֮һЩӵİֵ֮Ҫ౶ġ
ǵõ֮һӳޣʹԼøʱȥ׷Խ̣ԽúܶϹﶼΪ֮ǵ۾Ѿ貵ĹâŮˡ
ӵƷ֮Ҫȥˣʯġܹĵ
ţŮһʱһö֮ȥֻǸ£˲Ϣ֮ȥͱѩˡ
ʯҪҪпŮʵ
Ļ͵˿軳ɣŮóģ̺İֵ֮ǡ
Ůʲôˣ欣˿һ۾ѪڣѳֲסҪȥ·ǸŮ־Ȼܹó̺İ֮
Ⱥв²⣬ĪǴ񷹬ڳŮӲɣ񷹬ڵʥŮҪˣŮӾ欣ѵ
ƺҲܣʥŮӦʥӣǰŮӷǻŮοҲһ񷹬ڵɷʡ
ˣԼᡣŮҡҡͷҲǿõһİ֮Ѿˣʯ֮ҲȥˣԷȻģЩյġ
Ůõʯֱ֮뿪欵ıӰඨԲ̿ˮ̫ˡ
ŮӦŮӣҵλȻͣǱĿ𲻿ܽĻַаעŮӣǰ˿ʯԷһֱδй㷴ӦֱһʯʱŮڲ춯ʱ²⣬ŮΪʯŸұۡ
ˣյĻʯ㵽Ϊֹλɢȥɡ˵漴Ⱥ׷ɢȥ뿪
ʱַȴ󲽳̨ͤеĹ˹ȥһ֮ˣƵҲδʲôңҲû˸֡
ִǾϣܹҵһߡַŹƺЦ˵ʷǷƽʱơ
֪λӵܣղַı˶ȻҲˣ²ַӦǴӵܣ˲δ̫ʵ
֮ɽҰ֮ңҳݣյüΪϲҲûдʲôöʯͷҴӼдģְɣ
ַȡһʯŹƵݹȥֿסվ
ħʯ
ɫɲ˿ʯȷʵǷħʯɣˣδҲ̫ˣħʯȻ͸ķħʯϹ֮ʱܹѹһеĴڣǷѳ飬ÿһħʯҲǾˡ
ֵƺ̫Щɣƿַ
ҶԲʲôϻм飬ҳֽύںһʯͷַˬ˵ƺԷħʯûһ⣬â˸ֳ˼ʯùɫһȻǷħʯ
һдͷƲҵˬĵֵ
ַҲӶ£̨ͤ£ŹƵϧƽմϵİ֮Ҳͼ򣬲һֻû뵽վ֮ﾹ󣡡
ͷ΢΢鴤һǸˣİ֮Ȼ٣Ϊˣûôôİ֮֮
ֵ֪ܿļʵ
ȻǼսìɱ֮ǰǿңͻؼ嵱һֵʥáַΪϧĵùôǿսìϣҪʲôʥ֣
ԺһֵǰԽַǱѰ
ζ͵үӵֶΣºܿͻὫץȥʮŻҳϼһŷԼļѪҴã֣ưַҡͷ̾ϢȴˣѪһүʲôֲǿߣ


1091 
ϵЦЩȻ΢΢鴤ţȴҪúýύַ㣬ħʯһ˵ĸʵĺֻҪϵãȷħʯõﻹû
ֵ֣и֮룬֪ܷӦַͻȻ˶󣬹ظֵ֤ܵ˵޷ֻҪģһæ
ǱױֵȷʵȤһֵı֪ܷҽϼ£һܷ֮ҡַ㿴ŹƵùƶʱЩΪĵûʯˣǲΪѵģᱣ뿪
ַģҲδҪΪѵ˼ִɽͣǲңܹһìҲȴһ׮Ըˡַƺ׹ƵΪѣЦ˵
ƳˣĿַһۣͣϣûоܾɰɡ
ãȻֵôңæҰﶨˡƵ˵ͷ漴Զȥһ˷Ըһ漴ַֻ㳩̸·ûʶĵʮֵͶ硣
ûйãᰵһ˹Ȼ˿аƣϴҪٳǣ˻û㣬Һ;ҲЩԹȻ˿ھϣȻ̫壬αװǳЦ
ң֪кιɡȻз̰ϵЦȴԵ÷ǳ磬·˹ϵǳð㡣
Ҳûʲô£ֻλֵֵܶõǱսìȤ֪ܷ֡
еķ֣Ȼַָ㡣
ᰵ˿ַһۣΪߣȴùԽ̸£൱
ǸʥԯѾˣֻ÷ֵʧˡΪ˵
ԣʥҵġԯ쵭Į˵һһȻ
ַ㿴Ц⸱飬ձԳŰĲңһջҵġ
ԯԯ죡Ҳԯ֮
ǡԯ쵭ĻӦƶַݹһ֪Ҫõսìǲܵˡ
ǲ֪ܷҺͷֿ۽磬ۿսìһ˶ΣҲַ㽻ģԵúġ
ᰳƬ̣漴ЦʯǴӾõȻžģһû⡣
ᰣȽƵסȥı֡
˵գƺ׼ȡսìȻַȴ˰ֵԵȣ
ֻкҪ𣿡᰿ַ㡣
ǡַЦҡҡͷҲһʥ󣬲Ҳ̫ϲһóһǷԸҽ
Ŷ˼Ȥַ㣬ȻҪʥ
ɫâҲ뿴ַϵʥΪǶǿ
ԸһۡȻܾ
˶ӣеʥϵĴҪ˵Ŀ֮ء
ΪʺϣƶַȤԽԽ󣬶ַĻ˿ɡ
ǰĺıԵһطĻֵûȤҲֱȥ˵лɹַ֡ƺΪ᰺͹ƿǣ飬Ȼͬ
ҿɴûлɹֵ˼Ȼֵѡ˻ĺıԵҲûʲôֿɴλǿһǰ
վǲİַǳǳЦ
һ᰾Ȼλǿ߸ţЦ
ãֶǰɡϴһ˿죬ھ˸Ҷô
ʱǿ֣߳һ
֣ƺЩڣȻ֣ΪǴһЩǿǰɡַҺ;г
ǵģǿɫҲλǿߣҪ
˵ñǲáƼ˶Ȱǲãַ֣İɣһھ˸ҶҶ֣ʲô£ҿҪһˡ
ַƺΪΣʼ硣
߰ɣƵȿ֮˭׼ţĻҲ
ǿȻ뵽ԣҲֻΣҲţϣû˻ҶԹƶֵģο֪˭£ǹʲô£ҿҪᰲô޴ˡ
ַ㡭Ǹûһصޣش⣬ҲʲôˣǸûнַ㿼ǽȥ
һһŻĺķȥܿ죬Ǳ˻ĺԵһ֮أַ˵ʥñ¶ΪչˣȻҪѡһΪƫƧĵط
֣ȥĺ֮Σַ㽨˵
ãڻĺ֮ʥ֮աƴһƲ԰֮¶һ˿Ц⣬漴Ųһ磬̤˻ĺΪأ˿˿ɫϢޱȣ֮Ϣ޷ʴ
̵ַΧƳɻΡ
֣սìʥֹһ
šᰳ˵ߵȺм䣬漴һ̼䣬ĺ֮ϣһޱȿµɱХ죬·ǿڿƱ
ìַһҲ˫Ź⣬Ǿ˲ܶսìԼá
ֵʥҲóһ۰ɣ
ãַͷЦ£ȴδŶ֣սìľ֮ɢȥЩ˵
֣һ£ַŹ֣Ʋַ⣬ַߡ
ʱַֻһִֻڹƵıϣ¶һĨаЦ᰺͹ƵɫһЦݣ̫ˡ
֣ǺúݣֻһľìȻҪҺ͹ڣ󣬾ԲŹġַͻȻ˵һĪĻ˶סˣַ˼
Ҳɻ󲻽⣬ɱַ㣿ⲻźúõ
Ȼڴ˿̣һɿֲķ֮ϣҪס
ֹԶλŭһȻüֹ
ᰣö񶾵ģȻɱҺ͹ַ֣ŭһޱǿҵƮĵط漴Ƶ壬һŻĺ׹ȥ


1092 ŭ
ˣϵַ㱻Ͱɫ˲ޱȵĲҰס
ĺΪͻȻ䷢裬ĺȥԼ
Ϊʲô⵽Ϊʲô벻ףַ־ֱӸħʯѵֻǽӽĽڣΪľǵȴͬھһֽ֣ζ벻κ˶뵽˻ôַʲôޣ
ˣǰҺ̸ʱ㲻ǰĺ𣡡ֱַӴƵĶУַûԼùƵ˫ŭأûҲ֮ˣ
ΪǱģҲǴ˴˻ʸңȻó֮Ϣıˡ
ˣһ΢촫һ׹ĺƵ۾Ķַ㣬ĵֿ
ΪҪͬھĺɱңƿַɫ̹Ȼûȥֿĺʴ׹޾Ԩ̹ǣʲôħĺɱ
ùƾҲζû뵽ȥļɱֶ֪˭ɲ˺ܶ࣬ģֻбԼںޡΪļˣԼ˽ȥ
ĵǿͨ߶޷ֻֿƬ̣Ʊ㳹׵ıû˼άˣַȴڻĺǱУ䡣
ħʯôõ𣡡ַɫĮûбʴĴ֮
ĺһϢͷϣ֪š
ζû뵽ַͬھᰵ˵ȻҲζ뵽ǵǰͻȻһĻǶˣ죬ȴһԣַһ󺰣Ҫǣ
˿ֲ֪룬Щ˷磬Ϊʲô벻ףǷ꣬ʹ޾ʹϼ壿
磬Ǹô죿ɫ԰ףַһԶ˳߸ܶǿߣٶȼ졣
Ǹǽ˲ɱģʲô᰻˻Դ˵ʵ˿Ҳ֪ô죬ԴһƬҡ
үͲˣǸϽߣһλȡһ֮ǼǱõģϼ֮Ҳˣַҡ
߰ɣ޷ˣ˻ֱɱǣԯĮ˵һŲһ磬̤֮
ͣôͣ˵ַɱģַأַһصô˵ַԼɱ˿
Ǹַ֣֮ҪȥǵƬ䳡ʱַͿ⵱˵Һ;гޣùСķʱͱоģټìĿֲϢͷԼַһѾʵ֮ĺ޷ϴ塣
쵰ŭһв漴ε֮ûѡһαİ˸ˡ
֮ĺķɶ뿪˲㻯˲Ӱ
Ǹո뿪֮ʱкܶǿ˸ˣǵɫ˲òҰףأıɱˣ
˭ɱ
˭ɱҶӣ
һֲŭ֮·𴫵ǧĻ̻̣ŵСģ֪ˣ϶ǻˡ
ĺ֮ϵǿɫ˲üѿˣˣϼˣھıԵǵСӻɱˡ
úݣ
һүҪսììܣǶԷսìɱʬ嶼͵ĺȥˣʬ޴档
ϼ壬̫ˣ
ȺһѾʵƲ⡯ˣҪսììܣԷֱӻɱڴˡ
ңԷɱСӺʬĺлʬ𼣣Ȼ֮ߣܵġ
Եģʵģ
һţǿߵһս׷ᰶȥ
ͬʱսĺУһӰ˸ȫžıԵ̤ս˵һο˺Ƶƣÿ£ӵĵ̣̫ˣǿһͶߣֻ֮Ьʸ
ȺףƱɱھĵ̱ɱˣһΣĵŭˣ˾ľɱ򱱻֮ء
ĪǸɣȻھɱƣ̫ˣޱȡ
ִҵүȻûӣⲻΪǴһҲˣ²ᰣҪҿսɣ
ǿ϶ģϴξҵС㣬Ҳֻ뽫ҵСƵţôҲŵԣֻеǿҵ˾̫˵㣬ֱӽ˸ɱˣοҪַˡ
Ⱥ˽̫ˡ
Ȼ֪ᰵʹôܴھɱƣַǲ뵽ģ˿ɱ˵˼ˣַԼҲ׹ĺһὫַٳʬ
Ⱥַ֪㣬˿̾վھĺĽ紦ѾʹӰ͵͵˰Ȼһ֣û˻ϳ
ǳȺľսϣӭչ¶һ˿ĮЦ
᰺ĶԹԲ˵ϼ壬ɳλǿ߶Ĳһɱ֣֮飬ַܲҡ
оĵ˵ūͣڻĺδܲ
սɣԽԽã
ַ૵Լ·û˰㣬ȫ⡣
һŭȹսһƬ֮أƺƵģȺѾõһս
ȻսмսͿַͣһǰĵս˴δսΪˣôܹ


1093 ǰĺż
ַľսջصĺĽؾϼԼ飬ᰵսǾЩսȻսҪö࣬ƺƵѵⱱ֮أһƬ޴Ĳ
ȺʱȺԤд·֮Ƕ֪սֱӿңٺϢϼھʯõһʥƷìܣƻɱڻĺʬ޴棬𶯡
µϢûдȺ²⣬ܿѾսˡ
û֮Ǹϲⳡˡַ˸Ϊƣ´˿˫Ѿս˰ɡ
뵽ַûǰڵأǳűȽϽ쾳Ǹȥʹ󺦳Լ쾳ǵĺ;ĪϧԼƷ䲻Ĳ£׼ǰ󺦳˵Ļĺżȥ
Իĺޱǿĵֿ߶ȣǿԵĻĺ̽ʵһҪŪǷȫ޷ĵ¡
ǰ쾳ǵ;Уַ½ϢԤϵǰȥҪᰣȻ᰸ûɱˣ϶ܣ˵ȥˣΪҵĵϵңȻҪݾ˵ɱɱ
ˣһսȻĿʼˣ˵һսǴѣѪɺӣȫ伶ǿ߶Ծڵ֮ŶѵˣҪϼϳ׽ᰣҵСĿġ
һգ·;еַϢһսȻһ컹ûƽϢ˫֮˶ŭ죬𣬾ΪᰵǵĵɱС˶񣬶һ֣Ϊ̫ȻǼ壬ŭ졣
ᰣҪַĻӻĺڳĶˣĻᶼûУȥľҪɱҳȥȻҲܻá
ַص쾳У֮ͨеӡҵ˴󺦳棬ʱ󺦳Щ˷ܣҲ˵˹ƵģҪɱˡ
Ǳûܽɱ󺦳ɫĮ
ɱɱģһַ˵һô󺦳Ŀһ㶣ַ㣺˵
ңַ˵ͷ漴ԭίµĸ˴󺦳棬ô󺦳оޱʹ죬ɱĺá
쾳д̽ϼ˵սڽˣ˫˲أĵޱȵȻɱϼϳ˼ĴۣҾ˵ǲɱ˽ȥԯҵľǿ߸ϵȰˣϾԯҲ˽ȥĿࡣ
֪ԷֲȥڶԷ˵Ĺƨ࣬þ˱ףֱǵ̡
һصˣŹһң𣬵˶Ǵ̫ˣҲҸȥĽڡ
ַ֪㰵һϧȻԯ˸ƻˣӦòݲźãҲ޷ͻˣպԭ࣬˲ɱƾⳡսҲԶ޷⣬Ѿأɱ
󺦳棬ȥǱĵطڴ֮ϣַ֮ڿն
ַ㣬ĺ֮УûоЩֶΣǲȥһΣɡ󺦳ҡͷ˵
ȥַ̧ͷǰ󺦳濴һ͵֪޷ȰԷ̾ϢһȥһҲã
ȥϴǴӾ˾Ҳ֪µꡣ
ĺ̫ˣޱ޼ʣȵʸȥһأٴҵܣֻȵԭسռǰУſҵõ
ַûжһ䣬ٴγžķʻȥһȻǵ֮ǱϳҲֻ鷳顣
ջʸ˵ַҵһγıԵ֮أȻջʸļǰС
ܻ֮ʸֻǼǵôµķλû׼ȷӡǣڻĺҵһطףڻʸַһĵԱߣĺҵϣޱã
һպ˳֮ããĺУĿģַ֮ϣüʼմһĨɫ˿˿Ŀ־֮⣬˵ΪԼĳ֣ġֵܣŻǰ˻ľȻڣΪͽ̨һͽǰ;
ȻģԼĪϧƷȴ֪٣һ˿֮⣬п֮⣬⼸λֿѸߣҪһ𴳵һأƴδֻʣʹ󺦳˻ڡ
â˸ַУһƣ˿˿Ʈƻȡ
ĴָУ֮мƣһֱţúȣ֮
գս̨֮ϣԾƵ裬գģ
ַ̧ͷããĺĻĺƱ͵ĹУ̼һȵϢڲϵתڣȼա
ͷգƺĵĵŵݣǳЦƺоĪϧ֮磬ӺȻ̹̹ƺƷѲķﳤԼǿϵĲЦݡ
˵ҪһһǻѪ̤˻Ĵ½֮ʱഺ޻ڣģ
ַһڣлԽȼԽǻ˵ˣջعѩ½磬쳤Х£ģ
ַ㽫һھ֮ϣ˿̵Ȼû˷ڵѪİңû飬ûֵܷոž½ƺ
󺦳˫죬ƽգ죬סж֮ᣡ
ǰѩɽһֻҪһʥŮţַ֮ܵѪָоֵ飡


1094 Ϲʬ
֮ڻĺѰңڴ˿̣Զƺһڵ㣬ûʸɫ΢
ַ㣬ȥ￴
ʸһַĿһݣһʱ֮ǺڵȥƬ̣Ǳ㿴ԽԽĺڵ㣬һ鱻ѿĻߣƺǿĹĿ꣬ĴǻĵƬڻĺУƺ޾£ȻȴûƯ뿪
ˣѵĻĵʸΪҵˡ
ǱĵطַĿ磬Ƭĵ
ڻĵģһ⵺Ǵȥġ˴˵ػʸȻϵã嫵ĻĵķѣСĵƴնɣЩСĵ֮ͬĺ롣
ʸַǴ⵺ǰĺ֮Ŀ£ڵأ֮ɫĻ⽫ʸַ֣㣬ȻҪֿĵ
ƺƽַ㿴ǰĻĺһ̶ˮ㣬ǳƽ
죬Ļʯ޾пµĻǻ쵰ֲ֪ˣĺУߣһƬϹŷԼ赲סŽԼڻʯУųǡ
ʸûм˵ĺ׵ĺߣһߣȻܣȴϣ׶༪٣ܻ߳Ǵҡ
ַŲĳǰعŻʸ󺦳棬Ѿ֮ϵնϣһºû֮뿪
ַ㡭Ҫʲôʸ³һǰ͵Ŀһ
ģ󺦳棬㿴ҸҪֵĵĵãֻȥʲôµģղŵĻֻԷһַŻʸ¶һĨ΢Ц̫ġ
УԲȥ̫Σˡʸƴҡͷ棬пֲĻ̫ãܻţַȥðգֻΪַһۣȴûϵַ㾹ȻҪȥ֪Ļ㲻ַˡ
İɣҵӲĺܡַŻʸһЦ漴Ųһ磬Ӱֱʧ˻ʸУ׹ĺ
ַ㣡ʸŲֲĻĵϢϮϣϵĻ⻪ȶ
쵰ŭһʸһƺڵϣըѣֻ˿̵¶Ȼȴһ취ַܹ̤ĺܣֻѡ
ĺַ㲻Ǳ·ĺȻǳ֮ɿͷ֪ʲôֶȡʯġ
£ַ㲻֪Լ˶ڿƬĺĵײȻͬ󺦳˵ȻƽײȴſֲĻϵӿţǳ¡
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ʯһӴޱȣֲ
֪ЩʯʲôҪ֮ƿַаһĿܣƺѰλʯûҵ̬ĻʯУȱλʯ
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һ·ַ࣬ʹĺ֮׶͵Ĳ£ַо˻ĺڶҡ
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Ŀ⻺תַʯ֮ϣƺޱӴĻʯд
Ȼһ֮󣬱ãû죬Ȼĺ֮׵Ļȴƺˡ
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һµɶ漴ĺ֮׿ʼֲĻַϣ壬޷ס塣
ˣɶʱĺ֮
ˡˡˡٵɶԽԽƵˣһɿµϢ͸·Զŵڸգ̫ˡ
ַڣɽХ֮ѪҺֲɶѪ֮
ҵѪҺ֮ϢɶַɫһĿ⻺תһޱӴʯ֮ϣУ·пֲԶ鱻С
ʯУѵķӡһͷϹŵĿַѪҺڵԽԽֲ·Ҫ⡣
ˣһɿµϢӶַ㿴ǿʯըˣΪ˷ĩ֮¶м
һޱȾ޴ĺǣǳãͷǣǵм䣬һ޴ۣ꣬ĺ޷֮ʴ
ϹʱڵĿֲ
ַ۽ǳ鴤ߺǣ޼֮
͸ߺǣַĿ⳯Ǿ޴ȥƺһĨʺ죬˵죬Ǵ﷢ģ
࣬лϹŵÿ£һ
ַʵʵǿſֲŵõϹŵҲһ࣬꣬ȻлܵڵҪյļ
ôµĴսȻһͷ˿ֲַɫֲǼܣڽײǼܻҪܶ࣬пʡȻҲпǾ𣬿ϧַͲܹӴСƲ䱾Ϊˡ
ֲĻѾ˿µУַ޷ܵסݺݵײڻʯ֮ϣֻоͷҪѵ
ˡˡţһ̣ĺĵضΣ⣬·ܵĺӦ㣬Щ⣬ʲôУ͸һļµϢ
¡һɿµַϣһĿѣ̫ˣĻ֮ƺҪַܷΧơ
䣡һܵµĳַײһ⵱УȻȴڴ˿һĻˣַײ֮Ϻ壬Ȼͻأʧˣˣ·ûֹһ


1095 С
ţַٴγֵʱ򣬷ԼѾٻĺˣһƬ֮أƺһĴ
ַĿܣͷ΢ĺ֮׾Ȼй󺦳Ĳ²ҲģϹսż﷢µĴս
ʲôΪײʱֱʧԭأ
⣡ڴʱַɫһֻ֮Уƺŵ⡣
һ̤ʱϵķ汻ֲ紵ɢ֮ַһ
ʬöມǣ
Ϲʱڣﵽ׷ʲôֲսȻôʬǧ겻ʬеڣ֪Щˣٶ߼ģʬҲ治ǧôԶĺ֮׵Ŀֲ֮ء
ЩâȻ飬Ȼ󺦳˵ǧ겻ַǳ鴤֪Լ˹սˣ߼˾͸һ
͡һַ֮⳯ɫ·һ˫ֲ۾
ˣַͻأųһĨֲĻ棬͵ĳȥ̼鱻ҰĹ֮
ӴȣɫĻӶ͸ħڣַܹƿԷ֮£㵽ַҲ޷͸ֻ̫࣬ǵõеһ⣬Ѿֲˡ
Ȼַ㶯˿µȴɻûбҪַоЩ䣬Ǽһյ飬Ҳ˵֪ǰжֲȻ߲ᲢۣҲԷǿһҲҪ
ˣ棡ַƻӶʱѩг֡
һ˻ԴȻ˫۾ʼΧ͵Сһʲôطˣô顣
ĺ֮ףһϹŵսЩ˶֮ˡַڽαۣڻĺ֮׵ʱһĨ⣬Ȼͳˣô£
ϹսһĨ⣿˶ӿʼ˸ַ˼Ƥһڴʲô⡣
Сӣˣĺõطܹҵôңǿһַ㣬ԶŵսżȻַ֪㴥һĨ֮ζʲô
죿ַɵĿ棬ô£Ϊ֮ȰҲҪ
ѶƨֵطȻģȻΪΣգȴ֪жζҵֵطЩƵһʲôƨѣôõĵطȻȰҪ
СӣҪֵط֪һ䶯ĵѿ湻İ̵ĵַһȻȻһûв֪Ķ󺦳Ǭص۹ʶȻޣΪΣձȰҪ
Ҫһʵ˫۷Ź⣬ֿܿݺݵĶַ㣬·Ҫַȥַ˼һˣַ쵰ʹ÷֮޵档
αۣӣ⵽ʲôطַȻ˵ʲôɵԽԽ֪ˡ
û棡ӵĿַһۣ¶ָ߰ǷɫַС磡
С磿ַɫһ͡
ôۣأߣȻַ֪̾Ϣޱįַ޲һȭȥ쵰̫Ƿˣ˭˭أ
ҡ̤Ϲ̨ѵȻ֪ЩС𣿡ݺݵıַ㡣
ҡַ̨λ֮ϵ񹬣Щط񲻴һҪʼһ֮ŲŻ֣ͱ̨쾳ǲ̨ȻԴݽ̨֮·ѵЩطС磿
ǿߣܹԼС磬Ϊһռ䣬ԶԶڣҲھ½ʷУֹ֪ʣС籣䣬ͺñңڳֹǿߣôһռһʵС磬ǺߵĻҵǱӣȻ˱˵Լĸۡ
Ƶ˵ַյһЩɻ󣬾ͱǬеؾڵؾԭﾹȻһƬ嫵С硣
ղײϲŽ˵أôȻƬСˣСһˮһɳҲһĨǹ⡢һȪûǧ׽͸˵ˣǽһλʵС磬һʣôĶ
뵽۾·ش󱦲һַ۾쵰İ
󺦳˵һطõвŽҵĻȥҲǽһƬС統УҲԼ֪ԼõʲôΪվַ˲ƲһЩ飬Ƭĺ֮ףкܶ⣬ȫСĻôζǶһλʣĴս䡣
뵽ַȻôڴˣܹǵС硭ôַڲ
УȻ󺦳һСõ˴УôġĪϧԼƷأǷҲһƬС統УҲõǿڵĴУôҲϣ
ַΪǿҵϣС磬ڵأ
СӣǻˣСû˻ˣ˵ҲôǵģȽЩɡ潫˼ǧַأַʶԼȷ̫ˣʵС磬ôô˵Σأ󺦳Ҳôηˡ
ϲַ㰵棬𣬻϶ǿ󣬷ɱЩӦøЩɣһ˳
Сô˵ģûб۰أܻܲ߳ȥǸ⣬ЩСԼֽͿˣ۲мַ֡ܵкܶ鳯ˡ
ʲôַۡޱƣЩ֮ô飬
꣡һ鳯ֱַüģƺҪȥȡ
٣ַһ̼һŻ潫֣Ȼ˿ûеסǰУɱ
湻Ӳģַޱȣϻ쵰˿̾ȻĶ棬Դ̫費Ƕˣֱ޳֮װװˡ
͡͡һֱַ⳯ȡüģЩ鶼һҪΪУˡ
ȥ⻪貣гһſµĻ棬ֲĻȼЩȫ棬ʱе鶼˻֮⣬ȻҪַ㡣


1096 л
ǿ飬󺦳浱һĪΣҲַֹаôǿ飬մ󺦳ΪûǱʥ֣ɱ
⣡ַһʱһɿµķħ֮ŶһЩ·ֹȫַԷħԽԽˡ
ɱַȣֲԪۣµĺڰڤ㣬ҪһС
һƺɫĻӶЩȫסʱ̶˷ЩϷΪļڻ
ǡ
ַǿͬʱһ͸̶ԽԽ죬黯ΪɻңյС
ģʧȫڻ浱лҷ𣬱Ͼֻǲлû㲻ϵĲЩʬˣѾ͸ˡ
ʱŴҡڵ˳һ˭ţһȺҲڱǰţַ㣬ƺڣ俪ǽȥҲ֪С絽ж󡣡
ϲַһƨϣʺϲ̫ǶˣǷᣬڷǳʱ̣˵滹Ҫϻ쵰ַҲˡ
ǰַһȭǷ俪Ȼһڡ
ߣַ˸ҪЩڶȥ
ȵȣ溰һַͣ½Ų
ЩʬɶǱʥĺòϣôˣݺݵıַ㡣
˵ʬ㶼ҪǣδҲ̫ʲôƨַۡһϵĶȴûͣ£Щʬһ߾Ŀɿڴ޳̫ܰ޳ˡ
ǰһƬ棬ĴСƺһŵĹаܵǿɢڵأҲûյĹ⻪ᡣ
ʥȫˣϧȻСͷˡֹһ
ַҲĿǰһУѾ޹⣬մ˻ɫһƣžѣ޷ԭбĺ«նϳɼصĵȫƵĺɫơ
Щ˯ǧ꣬ܹ̺ܵһǿַ֮ǰʬһ컭ꪣޱȣǷ컭ꪷ·أ֮ȫһֲƣⷽ컭мҲ۶ѿˣٲյơ
Ϲʱڵ׷ֲĴսʵС綼ˣĴǾǿߵʬʥͬͨıһ׵նַͷΪ𾪣̫ˣϹս֮˵Ŀֲּܹʥն
õǼìӦʥеҴߣĺбڻʯ棬ҵõǿֲľоܹܵʥǿ󣬶Щʥºܶ඼Ǿìľ
Щϧ˫ɷŹ⣺ЩȻ𣬵ʥѿӲʥʥľϣҵʥʦлὫ޸á
ַ˵ͷЩȻһοʼϯǺǻǶѵʥͨͨߣһҲŹ
ˣ
ַȡǲڵϵķ컭֮ʱֻ컭ꪵгһֲ֮Ӱַ·Ҫ뵽ַڡ
䣡ַϵĻ̼ȼ쫷壬ˣ꣬аܵʥоȻŻꡣ
Է꣬ˡӰ³һõĳ͵Ʈд֮⣬ƮյУĶַ㡣
Ȼַ֣㰵ǧ겻ˣӦòĻǣȻȲлǿˣһֱԷԼʥУڲų
ܲȥȻڿַѪĳ嶯ʱȻĿ
ַ㣬ֻһûĻǶѣʥɱĺĶţھַ֧㡣
Ȼһͷ档Ӱ棬Ŀ¶һĨȤɫ漴ַСӣҰѣһΪһλǿڵģ㣬ֱ˴ˡ
Σ⻪˸ֱַӱһɱŶԷնȥ
¡ըѵ촫ȻַȴֶԷһƻǷɢȻն޵С
һƻΪΣԷַЦûõģҰɣңҾ㣬㻹ʲôõĵأ
ӰȰ㳯ַƮȥо̰֪Լôܹģգˡ
ַ㣬ڴʱַĴûȥǣٶһתߣŸղŽĵط񱼶ȥ
ӰַƮ˹ȥַ˵˾·пһǽϣӰ¶һĨЦݡ
ô֪ڵģˣڿԴӼˡӰǱĶڣַȥȻһ̣һ貵Ĺ⻪Ӱ˲佩
ɫ䣬Ӱͷ㿴·һʥͼ⻪ǴŶĻ֡
л꣡
Ӱһ漴嶼·ʥųһɿµ֮⣬͵ʥƵС
л꣬һͷôܻл꣡ӰȻ˿嶼û뵽ʥУֻһ棬ʵŭ
ĻҰȻҲۣҡڵǰ͵һʥƣʱʥƵ˿˿Ļ档
ӰֲĲҽ֮ޱۡ޾ȻԳƱۣܹʥƵ
ַǰһﻹ⿪ԭﲼʥƣԷĻ˲ס
ȻϹŵĴڣҲǧǰ丽ϣܹģߺ׵ۡ߰ëֿʼˣַ㷭˷ۡ
Ӱ˸£漴׵ǰܷܲŹңԸ׷ҡ
ã㵹оԼ˳۾͸һλᣬΪͣ
ſңӰҵŭ׼޾Ȼ׼
㻹ûг׵ľ򣡡Ŀоǽթɫһﻹˣۣʲôˣΰ׵ۡ
ֲ֮ٶȼն𣬷·ҪԷ
ַ㰵զ࣬ϹŵļһҪһ棬Ź֣ǧ겻ļһǸ˾
ҪԸ׼ԷΣֻǲͬ⣬ᱻ
˶Է׼Ϊǵˡ
ʲôˣСǺӵУʲôϵսЩСǲҲż
ַһʳ⣬˸Ҳãٽ᷽ܶ࣬öԷȥѰһߵżڵĻһ᷽ܶģϾԷСеǿߡ


1097 ʬ
ʲôӰ૵ĿȴԵЩãˣҲ˶ˣԽԪһֻ֪ܾáܾá
Ҳ֪ʱжԶˣֻ֪յĹͥΪ۵忪սһսǣ½ˣرҪѣ·Ҫ򿪣·ƿһ޾ĵӣǱ档
̫ԶˣԶļ䶼Щģɼǵĩ龰̫ˡ
ͥݺݵĳ鴤£ľȻǹͥʱڣÿ£ΪԼ֣һǰԼֻе֪˶ٴ˭ΰĴأԶʱڵǿߣһҪΪΰ׵۵ū͡
ַ֪ͥʵͥΪ
ӹżпأֻһ˿ӡǶĨˣ֪ʧʷĳӻǱΪĨֻ֪Ǽʮ½ֲһ֮һƺϹʱڵĴսΪͥ˿ʧȥ̬˵ǺӰ˵Щơ
ʮǰַɫһѹֱΪϹʱڡ
ʲôѵĺǵɣַһϹʱڵĴսȻƿѵеȿµĴڣ
ĺӰ΢Щ죬Ȼ֪ĺΪ
ĵطǻĺ֮ףƬĺܿΪղ˵ϹŴսַӦ˵ĻĺʷʵΣ˼ʮ˭ܹ֪࣬Ҫ˵֪ҲϹʱڵĻǡ
ΪνлĺϹʱڵĴսƿǵѵʴƬأܻΪеĻĺӰһɻ˵ַɫһʴأܻΪĺδҲ̫ˣе֮˵
αַۣĿ⿴棬ֻ˶˸ţĺҲ֪һط͵й
ַ㾪Ȼк͵йصĵطѾķ롣
ϹʱڵĴսأն˵ӣ޵ǿ󵽴Ƿ켫صʱܹƿ졢ն
˻ʮ򡢾ʮеľ֮أǾأ˵йأ˵ŵǾ֮ء浭˵ַɫһ֮ء
ģֱ˸о䣬ģǷйأ
ƬСһλʲôǿߣʲôˣַʸղŶԷûἰ⡣
һλʣֻͼλʣϹŵĴսûܹС綼˹ѣ˷棬ˡ
ʣ״ӡͽʵҲΪһ齨ԼķԼǿʢޱȣҸţҲŬϹʱڵǸֱӣǿΪӵĳ㣬ֱūΪԼūͣӰǿߣλʵһλū͡
λʡַϻλ֮󣬱һױ
ûżڣ
ʱܵһλֲǿߵϮС类ݻ٣˲˺ʥȫĨһһ飬һ˲佫ǽҵʥ컭ꪵУŵӵһλҲĨɱˣûżҲ
Ӱ˵ַͷȻһλʣȻֻλʣҲϵĴڣȻǿһݻС磬СеżʥȫѣһҴ棬ɼǾǿǺεȷˣ֪ЩǿûĺС
ǰĺѰǵģ㼸ʮϹŴսͲ֪ʹûĺżֻǻĺ̫嫡ֲŵ»ĺֻ֮Ǳھ˾ţһëѣ˵дǿҲĺС
ǻȥ֮ҴһǿַûмʣӰ˵һʵУӡǿ棬ڵʵ޷ʰˣӰȥѡһʺϵҲһλϹʱڵǿ
˿ַЩϣһЩӰһĻˣһܾлʥ֮ȫѡһǿһϹʱڵǿߣͬڼʮĽһγһ˼֮¡
ַС̽ȥȻͬӰ˵ȫˣַ㷢С統вֻйо޴Ĳľ԰֣ƺһЩݣѾˣûԪĹҩѾˡ
ǿߵСȻͬһƬʵһԼףκԼ顣ַͻȻӿֳڴгһΪʣ۳ԼС磬ͿԽԼļȫˣСд칬¥һƬ
Ȼڵַ㻹ֻ룬һ;ѣһһӡҪͲεǰʵǣԽ䣬ȵ֮УΪһǿߣ֤ΪʣɾϻλһأԼ硣
ƬСķ浱УַȻһ߲л꣬ǿһأСЩ֮Ȼû̫⣬û͸ַĸղǾ߲лӰܹǷֽ⣬ʹһŽ׳ЩȴѾյأҲѸã޷ȥֻĵȴ
ڶ߲л꣬Ҳһȴ͸ղһһƣ׼棬Ϊˡ
ַаϲ߲лֻ꣬ҪؿλϹʱڵǿߣе˳֣ϧһֱû
ȻַһЩƵʥаǳֵľǿߣ̫ˣȻһõʥûи£ӵҲʥһԷǿַļ¡
ôʥַҲ֪ԼˣʥĲܺݺݵ׬һʰ
ʱַһɫʯУɹӵʯ̳ɣĽ죬˸Ź󣬹⻬ޱȣɼʣɫ֮ϣ·֣ƺתŵζޱȡ
Ĺޣ
õӰƮַ󣬶˵ĹһĨη֮⡣
ţм·һ޴ָӡȻǱ˸һӡѵģֱӽʯ俪
ߵĹַ󲽿˽ȥСĻԵˡ
˫Ź⣬ַȻǰΪۣϾֻһƾܻеһжҪҪͷʼҪһĴ۷塣
嫣һ㳾޷ķɣҫصĹ⻪Զƺһϻǣ棬ȴһʬ塣
õʬ壡
ַɫһʵĻһʬ壬ڵҲΪ֮


1098 
ֹһʬ壡ַ㿴ǱߣǾõʬ⣬Ա߻ʬȴֻʣ˺ǣߺԵҪСһЩǵָԼͷϻŹ⻪˸ƺǲḯ鱦
Ůˣַ˲˹
յİ檣ǰаʮλ谮ֻˣһλŮһλһӰ˵ΪʣӵһЩŮȻѰ֮¡
ٺ٣ձҲа檼ʮˣ¶ѻˣַСӣϽʵ˳ɫŮʲôʥŮ֮ģһ֤Ц˵ѩӲѩ壬ѩˡ
ַ㷭˷ۣ쵰ȻͲ£Ϊѩ磬ӵѩѪȻ֮˿ҲͬһĻϲ֪֮ʵҪΣ˵ѩ廹ҪӺأû㹻ʵ֮ǰɲҽͻνѩ塣
ңϲʥŮ֮࣬İɼƻνʥŮɳҲһֲﰡǿ
Եλ檣ǵʬҲδ࣬ȻΪǿߡ
ַ㣬ǱǿˡŹӶŵһĽ죬гȴй⻪תǿеʱƺҪȻûüͷԼĹͱĨɱڴˣûߣ䱯ǾǿߵǰʸûУɼɱߵʵôˡ
ǿߵַǰȥǾδֿеĹˣĹѷ죬ͷڹ⣬֪Ǻβ죬ǹļҾͺƾ㣬͸ſµķ֮⣬Ҷɱˡ
չɼƷľ죬᲻ɴݣ֮ɣϲľʥ֮һϳ˿̻ʥ֮⣬е֮ϧ𣬽֯ʥƶϽء֮Ҳƻˣ֮
ԣ˱չֲʥעڹ֮ϣΪʸ߶ɱ
λ߻˵ַЩƣǾƷʥʥ֮⣬Ȼӵе֮ޱȿ£ϧȻˣַпʼǾǿˣ̫쵰ˣﰡôһȫˡ
ΣҶ죬δѣɵɱο⹭Ȼ𣬵ܷӳͬһСǹˣʵڲаˣǿ߶ǳȤġ
ֹ˵ַɫһݣȷҿɶ֮Ƶģչ޸£óȥۡ
Ȼõַ㿴ʵʬ壬ȥ˼ʮˣȴķɣɫĳħ裬絶͸һĨ֮ϾȻûԵ˺ۣĸɱˣǿߣȻܲİɡ
ǹ屦ˡһ۾ַ˹⣬ַôоյĴ۸ǿһ
ַǰȥƴǾ֮ϣҪȻڴʱһɺ˵ϢǾдַ·𿴵Է貶Ŀ
šššŲϵĺˣַֻоһʹ¶ɫʻţ
ٴοǾֻԷǣûа㷴ӦǴûж㡣
ô£ַɫһղô£ΪоԷ۾ǡ
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ղҸֲܵԷ۾ˡ
ţĿ˸漴ҧ˼ʮˣоȻ͸ŲʣҲֻѣɲһΡ
ַɵĿһۣϲĲԼɡ
ô㾹Ȼɱ۵Ļŭַ㣬
ԡַǰһνƴڶԷϣһҪԷ
䣡
һɿԵŶַֻоޱȴʹһθӵң͵ıˣϾһ亹
ôǿַԣǻ֮𣬶һλʶѣѹԻ֮£ϣ̤˻ʣһεˣ㡣
û͸Щ鷳ֹһַ㷭˷ۣĻ쵰ԼʵأԼȥԡ
ǵñԳ֣ˡҡڵǰַױ쵰ˡ
ֻ濪ʼ̻ܿʥƣַĿǿʯԣֻλյʼǣһԾĴֶ·̺ŴϢַоǲһĪƮԼǰ
ǵôַоЩƮ죬˿̵·һƬֿռ䵱УЩƮţͨص·ܹַ·ܹء
׷ģΪ͵ĪҪ׷ַЩõּ·һûһһ磬ÿһ·һӵԼ硣
ʲô
ʱַ㿴һƯĴ֣·׹˾ĵУоޱȵı䣬Щ֣·䣬Щּǽϣƺܹ
һֳƯӡϵĿַ㣬·ҪӡԺа㣬ַĸܵڳ
ҡַͷһ͵ҧԼ촽ʹн翵ľо˹
һֱַ˵ϣͷϾǺˮĿ⺧ȻĶЩ֡
Щ֣ÿ£ܹɱΡ
ôˣʱӰַ㣬һĨɻɫʯǻĹҲûнлϸϸǽϵʼǣȻܹĲַ࣬һͷ󺹣ƺʲôһ
ǽϵʼǣַӰ˵Ӱɫһ¶˺˵ɫޱ𾪡
㾹Ȼܹ͸֮һ
ȷ
λӰƺʲô˵㣬𾪵Ķַ㡣
ӵʲôꣿ˶ַ㣬ǴһһصˣʥƵӦԴȲǣôܹ͸֮ѵӵʲôꣿ
硢͸꣬ʹӵʣߣӵо壬ܹһУǿߣʱѾעֻҪسɾʣ
ꣿַɫһͣ漴꣬Σ
ɣ԰ӵ㹻ǿĻ˵꣬ȷ̬Щ꣬ҲɲˣЩģ˴еķ롣
ѵַԳףҪܹ֮
Ȼ


1099 Ȩ
ȷ㿴ĿȻַ㣬ƺʲôܰ㡣
ΪǿҲ֮оǺղҧ촽ʹѹ»ᱻ䡣ַղŵһĻ£ǳɵ
λӰǿƺǳ𾪡
ǲ֪Щʲôַ㵭Įһ
ǵˣչ⣬һǿʥ̺ľƷʥܹʥǴδ˶ùű⹬У䷨һɣƷʥûбٵ
һλӰ˵ַɫһһƷʥпûбݻٵ
Ӱ˵ǼƷʥУղŸܵѵǾƷʥйأ
ǵ˼ǣַ㿴λӰʵ
ܹܵԳԼȥܣ֮ٻҲܹҵǼƷʥȨȣ
ٳԣַ£ղ㽫ٳһҿ϶ᷢʲô
оὫʴ˳ٻȨȣҲһɡӰڣȻַܹǿ˳һΣôڶȻҲ⡣
ַĿ˸һԵ棬ǼһﻹרĶԸ׼Է
á΢΢˵ͷַԣʥҲҪǿ֣֮֯˷ľƷʥֵȥƴһأܹΪãħֶһˡ
ϥַ㱦ׯϣʯͬʱţ漴һγ뵽ʼǵУȥϹʼǣһ֣һƮޱȵַ̺·д֮޼죬ڣ翣ȴִ֮䡣
ʱλ߿ַ㣬һ࣬ׯ£·õǿߣףһִⲻһλͨصߣһλֲľǿڲ֮
Գо꣬ԡģַȴеģϹʱڣһЩӵоˣ׵ʣǾžޣ֮䡣
ȻʱַԲ֪룬˿ȫ뵽ԼУһƻɫ֮ٶƮַ˵£ֳˡ
ʯâţټΧһж˵ܵһƵ˷֣ʵʼǵУЩ棬ȻǶС
ôַ𾪣Щһ֣˲Ϣܽ
ˣַ㿴һƵ͸о䣬һһɿµķ֮ӶֵϢܷ̽Ӱеľʥ
ʯеϢԽԽˣ·ȫ˹ϵƮڴյУĻһ
Ȩȣ
ַɫһͷϿգֲϢȻĻûһȨӰȨƺ͸˿˿Ϣϡ͸źа
ƷʥȨȣ
ַͷ𺳣Ȼ۳ȨӰ˵ȨȣıУʽķ
ЩǽϵʼǵУÿһֵƺ͸ȫϢַ㾪
˿̣ӰҲˣЩֵУе˵ַ㾹Ȼеĳ֣Ҳܹˡ
ˣƺ΢΢Щĳջ۶ȥһַֹͣ˼֪ѾҪˡ
̧ͷԼͷϿգȨȵӰԽԽӣ·ҪûΪʵʣһɿֲϢеĶͣеȨȡ
СˣⶼҳˣǸű۵ˡֹһֱַӽӵˣֻǶеȨ֮Ӱ
ˣһɿµӶеȨ͸֮۳ΣõȨȣеľƷʥ
Ȩȣû뵽ʾȻȨ뵽ʯڵУʱ޿̲ٸ˴˿ȻΪûмȨˣԭʯڣʥĲ֮ء
ַ֮ܵа˿ֲܹ𣿲ᱻƷʥɣ
Ȼ˿ֻ̣ȨȻƮȻֱӳַ£ַɫһЩ֪룬òö㿪
Ų΢΢˼ַΪ˼ȻȨƺֳڵķƮԣȨ׼ˣ
쵰Ҫ۲ɡԣûмַֻ쵰ˣ죬ƷʥȨٻԼȻ㿪̫ˣǱ˿һĻ֪᲻Ѫ
ʥԣ㽫ٻҪ׷㣬쵰Ȼ㣬治֪Ȩôѡΰ׵ۣѡһޱƵĵ
ַĻ£ȨҪ׷
᲻ᱻʴַ㿴ȨƮԼǰûȥסһ
쳤̾޲һͷײλӰҲһǲǴˣ
ģȻѡ㣬㲻ģҧгݵĵ۾޲ýַɱ̫ˣǾƷʥ
˵ôַ֪Ц£֣΢䣬ȨЩȴ͸һɿֲȻ˵ȨȺ˳ûκεҪʴ
Ȩ֮ϣһ·ƺӡʥԼ֮ޱȡ
ַȨȣׯϣ漴Ȩָ棬㡣
ȨȣǼһ
ˣһӶʴȥһ漴ŭ쵰
˵գ³һ𣬿ֲĻ˲ÿռޱȣϢյ
ҲУַ㿴ǻ˸Ź⻪ȨȣһԣûȨȣȻͻԼˣ
ѾŽʥħĻã
¶һ˿Цеַ㸧ȨȣЦԺĳλԳƱ۵ļһٸţǱɲ˴ۣ
ַĻ˸£һúݣ
Ժ쵰ˣȨȣҪЧǾͱӲˣ


1100 ʥ
ƷʥСһȻմ˱۵Ĺ⣬Ȼ䱾ۡ˫ַ㡣
ַһۣ޳ܵļһʲô¶ܺմϱߣȻַԼҲףû棬ô˳ģδĻǾ㹻һġ
ַȨȣûܹԼķԸʹóǽ֮Ļ͡
ʲô濴ַĶԣһﳹˣȻ׼Ȩȡ
ûʶۺһһ涪ˣѾˣµĻҲǱŵ֮ϣ߾λãȥԶ߲٣⹬Ǳ
̾һ˸㲻˵Сɨ֮ȥС翴

ַĻԼҲ֪һȷֱ̫̫ۡˣȨȣŽСȫߣȥС硭
Ȼַһ̵Ϊ뷨ǶԵģǳȷܸɴĽȨǾȥ
ҵġâһ潫ӵĿַһۣʱø㡣
ϲַɫһȻҪ̰ͼ쵰һƻռһʵɡ
ʱ㡣ַ˵쵰СӣȻ˵ʱ
ߵʵǰַȥ̼䣬ܵһض·࣬ǳ˵ʵĻλ֮϶ŵܹ֮һЩܹǿԡ
ţڴʱַ̧ͷǹĶˣһ·ڲϵţַ·ܹ͸̲ŵľ
ַԣȻ˵һУǱʼǵУžƷʥȨȣЩּҲ̺壬Լ˿ĻλǱû뵽Ŀ⿴Ĺ϶ˣȻַžֶͨΡ
͸ĿⶢǹĶˣַĿ⽥Ҫݽȥʱ֣һƿصĲֳԼѹȹҪɱʱܻΪ֮ҪɱûΪììȭȭûΪָɽѹԴϢ
ַɫӲ³ݵĸоȫ·˽ȥˮմʪǹܻɫͨĳǰ·Ŀľɱġ
ǿĹɱַ𺳣ֻĶˣһ·һ飬ƺ۳ɼ֣Ծ֮С
ʥ
ַɫһʥӦǿ󹥷ɱƣַԳɵĴܹ˵ԳʴԳɰʮһʽܹܻκιֶΣʥƺʹܹǳƣһֲֿܻɱͨңҲм֮
ʥϹʱڵֶͨΣ˲֪ܹ꣬ӦǺ浮ǿֶΣҲĳλǿԳʼͨʥӶʺԳʹõĴܹ˳
ַв²⣬ȻǼ޿ɿ֤ףǴʥǴܹԶĿֲܹκǿĹֶΡ
ڻλ֮ϣַ·뵽ʥ޷԰Σǿֲܻͨؼĸֿ¹ǧ򻯣ӵֶΣÿһֶֹζǿ£ƫƫֶͬǳĿֲԳƵϹ
ãַɸоԼ޷еȫֲֿĹʥҪڶʱ¯࣬ܣҲǽ˻λܹõȥǿֶΡ
ӰȻҲע⵽ַ˿̵״̬ûȥַ㣬̧ͷͷϿգȴ޷͸ܹתʥԼУޱȣȴ޷͸޷ַͬһ֮͸Ӷôʥ¶
һô£˿̾涼Щ͸ַˣܹȨٻ˿ƺֿ޷ֶͨΣ뵽۾ȥˣַ״ѾԤϡ
ɱڴʱַ֮漴ֻ͵ĳȥֱ̧һֲ
䣡⧲֮±ַ˳ȥʱŭһĻ쵰Ȼ͵Ϯۣ
˵գֻ˲˳ȥ磬˷·һƬӰַ޷͸һǵġ
ÿ죡ַһ΢̼ӡ·һɽޱȺӴҪЩӰȫѹ¡첻ϣײɽĿֲӡ֮ϣһα˳ȥ
ŭˣһ׼쭣ȴʱַѾͨЦĿϴһĨõЦݡ
αֻۣΪ֤һҸֶͨε˿ָȻǲһƽϵġַЦеĿ˶鴤¡
ȻۺεëͷСӼƽʲô˵Ķԣ۴㴳½ָȻֶͨεĳԣ´ʲôµֶͨΣԼһԣ
ΰĴޱȸ߰ƺмַƽϡ
ղʹõʲôֶͨΣһ޴ӡͻȻһɽӡ
ʥ⹬Ķõģ㹻ǿĻһιܻǿĹˣϧڵԶԶ
ַ㿪˵ȴǳ鴤£û쵰δҲ̫˰ɣʥֲֿĹõˣӴԺܻؼǿԭʥǳϹʱڣӵޱȾԶں֪˶ֶͨΣ֪ľͲڰ֡
û뵽մʥԭʼַ֮ͨõˡ
ȻǱСӿоôߡߴ˵ַײǽĳ嶯
ַվƷǱ֮ϣ׼ˣȻȴֻ·˵ϣ޷ҡֺ
ַŭһǿ֣ʥʹöûһޱȾ޴ƣסҪ
¡¡һɿֲӶڲַӲİȻȴڴʱ貵Ĺ⻪ͻأţַ˹⻪С
貵Ļ⣬Ȼſֲ


1101 ּ
ˣֲַ֣⻪˸ַֻоһɿµյС
ͣ
ַɫһ˿̵Ȼķ֣ȻյУ뿪˴ǻ˲䣬ֲĴ٣Ҫһط
㶣ַһԣϹŻߣȻСĹ֮¿дǴϹŻߵϳɣȥˣ˭֪ϳĸ䡣
ʱַֻаǧҪ̫Զ
ˣµĲַоԼ彵ڵϣȻΧȴһƬûκεĹ󣬲֪ʲôط
̫ˡַЦѣ׼С磬û뵽ֱӱ˳޷Сˡ
沢ûбͶǱĻžͽյУַ㵹ǲǼһ˭ǧǰϲһа취ȥģܲܵõСıͲö֪ˡ
󺦳氡󺦳棬Բõˡַʹ󺦳Լˣµʱ󺦳淢ûȥΪ˻ĺаɡ
ҲδȫǻϢʵĹϳôǲҲ᲼ôһ֮أĺ;ĪϧҲС磬ûгµĻ˵ҲлС洫ͳֻҲԼһˡ
˼Ƭַ֮۲Լ˿ڵĵطһޱȲƵĶΧŲȫˡ
ˣ
ַ㿴ǰľһ뵽ǣǰܿס֮أϴˣõıϴһգ֮ҪôƲҪôûκεļֵ
ǰ˼СĶˣַһȻķִ˿̵Ȼڵصףˣ
΢΢ƲƲ죬ַȻϹʣסزϴٲŹأ£ﱻȻҲΪ
ȻưܲѾΪ棬һĴƣֱַ֮ܵ˴˵صĲΪпʵǿԴȣ꣬סĵط֮ⱻ֮صأȻһع֮أǳʺ֮
֪ںδַ૵漴һһɷ֮Ŵأ峯Ͽմ͸ȥ
ڵĵطȻüƬ֮һƮϢ֮У˸оˬַ֪Ҫȥˡ
Ȼع֮أԪȻ˵ǿʢ
ţڴʱַͻȻֹסַ֣㴥֮ޱȼӲ֪رˣȻǷǳӲ֮赲ȥ
ޱȵƵлַۣ͵ĳϿպ˳ȥһѵ촫ʯҵըѣֲϢݻһУַǿнƿˡ
ˣַֹһرȻȥɲɫһͣסεվڵϣ˿̵ĵطɫ㣬²ȷع֮أȻޱƵǣȻŮӵĹ뷿
ңղǴӴ³ģʯˡ
Ƶǣʯϱһ˵ģͻȻ˹뷿ĵص׳˳˸޷ȫĵͶУôһֱӵϢңѪĿ죬ǶԷǵѪ
ַĨ˰亹һ뽫Լĳ嶯
˿ֻһ˫ű⣬һϮɴ˿ٲڼͷŴİɫɴ֮ˣʤգΨ˫۾֮⾳ƻǴ˿˫ȻһЦаٻʧɫ
˶ĬƬַֻ̣оޱȸоһĨǸЦݣַŮӵǸҲǹġ
ñɣΪ˶ԸҾȻҴ£ŮڿڣַĽãӱ˴³˻ˣȻ˵ԼǹģԷ
ַ㺹ޱȣԷǽԼˣ
Ц£ַ֪ڽͶ޷ˣȡһöҩַ㳯ŶԷȥ
Ųţҵȷڴˣһ˵ҩȷ°ɡԼǷ⣬ϾԼ˶ԷĹɶԷˣַ
վסΪһ㣿ŮĮһǿϢŶڱ֮⵽ش˼أɲַ¡
Ǻˣ֮¡Ůŭһַɫһ
ںˣַȻ΢䣬Ȼ뵽Ͼдȣû˵ʲôŲһ磬˸ȥ
ַ뿪ŮȻ£ַΪΣȻǧټǱԼĵصףΪԼΪΣ
󵨿ͽַղ䣬о֮貵Ĺ⻪ˮżֿ֮׽͸
ÿַŲһ磬Ů䲻󣬾Ϊտ֪ʲôط
ʱһ貵Ľâţַ··罣㣬ٳһ·˵м̤
˶С㲻죡ŮӴһʱַܵһɹǿϢһ
漴յмӰ̤ϢǿЩ˾Ȼߡ
ô󵨵Ŀͽ°ɣһĺַԺУо嶼΢΢£Էʵ¡
ַޱƣǰûڵԼ죬û뵽˿̱˵Ļ֪ʲôطǿƣתۼѾʮλߣ˿˿Уù͸
ԭ̫Ҫġ
һַ㵹ûв´ȷع֮أȻһɴӵǿ֮ƵĵطռˣΪԼţ


1102 ٳ
ȥ
ַ˲жϣ˿֮ûУʹħҲӲǿƵĵطңЩ˲ֻǸոѶǿߣټ֪жǿء
תַ˸ղŮķȥŮַȥ֮˲Ϣɱɿ͸żƮ֮С

Ȼַʵǿ˫һʱյз·ֻɫĴץԷֲ͵˦֮۶ϣַ磬ûеƬֱ̣ӳŮм̤ȥŮʵǿѹָС㡣
վסƷӦַȥַ̤ңƮݳѸֻͣ˲»صǼ䷿ݵС
ǰ³Ůˣַȥɫһš
ǸҪһˡַ˳Ůӻ߳ֻд֮١
ҡŮ˫з·֮⣬ˮʥ࣬Ůַ΢ͣһ˿ϧ֮飬ĶŮ֣΢΢ͣ¡
ȻڴʱһĨΣ֮д漴ֻŮлӶʱһ䴿Ͼ󣬷·Ҫס
ܴ˾սַɫһŮǳ򵥣һС
ƣַһָָָ·һֲȻ꾹Ǽļַ̣һָ޷֮ƿ
٣һһɿµĻ۶ԪĻۣɫڤ棬һڰԷĴʴգŲһַ̤ǰ˳Ůϱɫһ֮˷·һ䴿֮ϣͬһ
һεַס޷ǰֺⴿİû˿˿֮⣬ӶҪûһ˳Ⱦ޷֡
Ƿ֮ˣ⵽ʲôطַа֪ԼŮ֮ʶ˿ֲʵܹ
ʱƿ֮Ȼǿ߻۶ַ֪Լûʱ䵢ˡ
˳ȾľƺƣŮ֮ʱվ޷ӳǿ
·ַһƺɱһеĺɫ浮ҪĽŲ̤棬ޱߣ·һ֮͵ĳŮȥ
ˣ
ַȻһʥ貵Ļ⣬ַƻûһֱɫĴ֣ճŮץȥֲ޿赲˲佫Էץס

Ůӱĺһû˸վȻһͽ͵ĵصףĹ뷿˿̻Ҫץס
⣡ɫĴֵųµķ֮ŮһжɫĴ˲佫ס͵ᵽַߣɫ˲ò԰Ȼ˷²ˡ
ʥȻֲַаһֻǲһ˿ûҪǿ󹥻ɫĴֱӸսŮĻҪץסԷ²ôס
ŮҪħϣȫӡסﻹܹö
վסַһתȺȵÿҲ֪Щǿ߶ˡ
ѣ֪ԼڸʲôʱһĮȻ˸Ҵֱ޷죬ҪˣȻ˿ҲƣԷôģ
λðֻżȻͷ˵£ӶᣬΪ˱ֻг´Σλ뿪ʱԻеŮ
ַƽİĵط֪ԼȻԸǿУֻԼףȫǸᡣ
ãڷˣǷ뿪һƮ˽ַͬ⣬ڷˣû˱ϡ
ǸˣС޷Ҵ뿪ȵȫԻˣǣ
ַ͵ĳֱӽײƣվڷݶˣ䣬Ѹ뿪
Ƕ˴·ĻҲұ֤ᷢʲô
ҡŮŭַ㣬˼ֱ޷졣
ѣȰ㻹Ƿ˵ĺáһ߶ַ
ΧǿַпЦԸôǿ޵У֪ᱻ͵Ů뷿ص£̫ˣ˿Ѿ·ˡ
·
ַнâ£·ֻҪԸʱɱеŮȺɫӲ
ãѺܺãɫĮַ㡣
ȣ򲻵ѣ뿪λɵŮ޹صһۣ֮Ǵʹع㣬䱻͵󡣡
ַһԾڴˣŲˣڣ뿪
ʱַˣĿⶢŮΪʵǿ֮˴·뿪
ŮɲȴַеŮȥ
˿̵ַУ鶯京⣬顣
ǡŮΥ˸ַŮϣЩһˡ
ñȥɣµġ˵˵һ漴ĽŲŮĹ뷿̤ȥƬַ֮˵ַ㣬Ŀ˼С
˵ģȻкǿƣӦл߾ڴˡ
˵С棬ֻ
ӦģصΪôܽ
ҲܷŹ˴ɡ
һһǽַԼŮǣƺûн֮ϣ֪ǶŮŻİա
һʱַ̣Ƭߣ޷ƽϢղ֮ɲ˱ǣڵгſֲԪ֪һɿֲɵЩЦá
ʱԶ֮ӰһϢƮ죬ʵɴȡ
ˣַһֻƹŮ̬ǽٳ֣鷳
Զ˽ַŮܶɫɵöһ꣬˫𣬷·޲ַնɱ
ÿ֣Ŀַ㣬Ȼַ΢΢Ůüͷһ壬޹أ
ɫһ·˲˼㣬Դ˭ô£
ַŮμ˸ֱӴ˸ַ㻹ɨһۡ
һɺţƺҪ֣Ȼȴ֮˰סζ޷
ѩ˽ٳˡ˵˵һɫһѹ֣˵ô˶飬ܡ
ҪȥҪȴߵԷܽٳֱȻͨЩϼһһأȥȥ
ò㵣ģҪ˹飬Ƕʵɡһ˴ֱ뿪


1103 ǿŮ
һ·˸ַ㷢նоȻҲҪã·;ַ˲ˣǿ洦ɼȻֻֻǿַ㼸һ۱תȥδᣬǵ϶һĨ֮⣬͸֮⣬·Ϥ£ǳ򵥡
һЩַ꣬㾹ŮǣǺ޲ǰַɱȻҪôߵĳֹҪôǱַԵŮӺַ㵹ǰһԲֻſ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ڣַ˳ڣȻȴ΢΢£С磬ȻһƬС硣
̤ͿԳȥˣǷԽСˡŮͣ½Ųַ
Ǹһûеﰲȫأַ㵭ĮĻӦһγ˳ȥ˿ԼյУйããɽԪŨƢɽз·ֲݣ˺оޱȳ졣
һƬԴַ㾪̾һȥֻԼղǴһƬ¶Ծ£¶ͱڣƮ˿˿֮˿˿񷡣
ԪŨɾֱַ§סŮʵȴŮĮĿȴûлӦ²Ȼ֪ʲôط
˵ˡַ̤ɽԪ棬ͬƮڿա
ңַƮݣλŮҪ׷ַ㣬ȻֻƬ̱㱻˦ַټ
˸ãַ̤Ƭɽ֮أ߳ƵȻ˿ɫȴһΪ˿̳ǰģȻһǣңڳУղڵɽǻĽ֮أǳС
ԭƬɽһС硣ַһȹҲȻ֪˿̵λƬ
ţַ˵ĳ̼˲ȺĿ⣬ǿŮ֮ʱɵɫһ¶Ȼɫ·ʲô˼㡣
˭˷ŭĶַ㣬Ŀ·޲ýַȥ㡣
ƺʶ㡣ַ㿴ԵŮһۣμ˸ٶ죬ǿǿƣ뻹ҪԶЩС
Ȼַ㲢֪ղŮܵĳ֣Ѿ첨ˣϢĴȥз֮ơ
ڣַŮһƧ֮أԺ䵱ԵЩаܣӦ˾ס
ַĿ⿴ԵŮӣֻԷһԲĿ⵭Ŷƽ·κ鶼޷ҡġ
ַŮʵЩԼ˻ľǱ͸ˡ
ȻŮûĻ㣬ɳĬԡ
ţڴʱַܵԷһϢȴɣƮ١
ַɫһŮӦһֱʹֶˣ˶޷
䣡һɿֲϢַдķħȻʧȥЧֻŮ˲ϻ˳ȥĿ
Ųһ̤ƮṲ̊ĲӰ趯ƵУһƬѩַȥҪͷַƻˣ谭ͻƣߣ˾Ȼᱡû˸ᱡ
ָзâţпֲĽХַָ֮Žâ
ͣѩУһҶ裬УַѶ
𣡡ַһָָޱȵĽָ֮ڻ֮ϣ޷һҶݻ٣ԭػ
͡͡һҶҶѩзַɱʱַ㱻һƬɱ֣֮ɵһͷŮˣȻΪȴǿ˸о£ؾˣʵȴǿһָѩţַеļ¡
Ѿ˵ΪԿȥαȡַϽХؽ־ȫţÿһָ̺½⣬ԷʵǿָߣǿѹȸС
ΪŮɫһһΪ㹻ͻƹͷַ㴳룬²ΪûͻƣˣңĹǿɵɾ֮ıҪȹ̣ܱ˶ҡȻַᱡҪģҪַ㣬ղŷ֮³նϣɰ
Ůͺһѩ꣬Ʈ趯·̺֮
ն
һʱѩתݣһ̷·޾ƮַնɱȥĽҪûǿʢޱȣ֮⣬ȫѹơ
ŮˡַһŮ·;һԲˣƲδָѾӳ˿ֲս
ˣ죬ޱȣ·Ҫҫǳַ㱳һɫޱȡ
΢΢һʱţ·޾У֮ȥ
գ޷ַֺն֮ϵĻ귢ޱȴ̶ļ֮
Ůһһӡѩ֮ϣʱѩƯַͷϿգٵ漴͵ĳַ޾ѩϼţ·ѩʢâա
겢£ĻַͷϿգɿ籩ĹϮҡֺӲޱȡ
ĳҵ꣡Ůһַ˸һɣԷ֪֮صĳң̫ûдͳ˻ľ̤ŵأӦûڰ˻ľڣֻǿܲڱˣȻŮҲǿĳңǻֱ˵ҡ
ѩһŮһ£һ޴ѩƮ¡ʥ࣬еĹ
ַ趯ο磬ƳŮץȥȻֻ˿ѩѩ׵Ĵӵ˲佫ַסַ˫ȲסӶϣ˶
ʲôֶΣַΪ𺳣Ȼ˿̣Ļȫȼ˻棬ֲĻ֮·ҪһУϵ̫·ҪӡȻѩ׵Ĵ޷ҡֺޱι̡
ŮƻӶһѩ곯ַնȥ硣
ַһâһȭ֮ȣ纣ը죬ɫȭͷڻ֮ϣ֮ͬʱַϵĻû˿˿棬ӵĿ£ѩ붼ķ
ÿֲĻ棬ŮΪ𾪣û뵽ٳսôΪܹɽԷն䡣
𣡡ϯ񷣬գ̼䣬浱еĴȫѣޣַѸޱȵĳŮȥ˿̵Ҳ𣬶ԷʵսѪ


1104 ֮
֮򷨲֣а
ַɱŮ֣ʱ֦ɢҶһƬ֮ѩ֮һƬϾ͸ޱȴĿ֮ŮΪģӶ̼䵽ַ£ַ˫ȣҲ̤Ƭ֮ϡţַŲһͣ·𶼱סҲ޷ƶⲻɵһɾɫܶˣƬɵܹס˵Ρ
ԪҲ
ŵԪַɫӲ֮֮򷨲֣ܹ޷ԪҪаÿֲ֮֮ͨͬƬС絽ʲôֲ
뵽Щ߶Լӣַ㲻ɵЩĲЩǵĿء
ǵһᱡ֮ˣҲҵһҪɱˡŮɫĮ飬һƬ꣬͸һƷ֮⡣
һҪɱ֮ˣַΪȣŮΪǿǴӣȻδնɱ
һѣα򣡡ַΪεĵЩᱡжȻҲǵѣˣ߳ƬС硣
֮£ն㣬֮ĲȡŮƻӶʱѩ곯ַȥޱȣռ䷢Х
ߣַһħ֮ȭȻɱܱشƣͬʨŭХԵޱߵȭͷѩ֮ϣѣ˿˿ѪţַоۣԷΪǿ󣬼ˣսҲǷǳֲ
Ȼַ֪ʹһʱչ֣ʥ𣬵͸һĲϢ
ƣַŭһչƺݺݵڵ֮ϣ¡Ŀֲ촫֮ҡ·ȹ
䡢䡢䣡ַҳ֮ѿŮɫһ͡
ſ죬Ů͵³һϢƢ˸оַԺ΢΢£оЩƮȻ֮У漴һɿֲΣַŲ̤棬ң̤ˣͬʱչԪڼ֮ϣȻıһ
ˣ·ҪһѣŮƵֲֿײ֮ȴ³һѪȾ˰ɫĳȹޡ
ȿȣһŮǲѪȻƲδãǿеԼַԿ
ַԪ۳֧ʸÿռ䶼΢΢̣ŮǸо΢䣬ʸε̧ͷĿĮעַ㡣
ֻ౧δм֮ףȴϧҲҪɱңαˣַ㵭ĿŶŮδִ̫š
౧δм֮ףŮַĻ΢֮⣬δ˽һΧҾֱ׳Ϊɱ𣡡
һΪɱңˣ֪˴ãĪҪôߣ
ԣ˵ңҵһնɱ֮ˡŮǿ˵ɡ
ַɫչң̫Ϊˡ
ˣ֮УʸƿգХ죬Ůɱȥ
Ů΢գ³һ֮ûԣ˿̵ʥ࣬һĹ֣ͬŮ㡣
չļʸ޷һĨĹ֮ϣֱ£ͬʱһǿʢϢϵĴǹâŶ
ߣַһ˲ϢٶԷǰһֱӡ˶ԷĹĻ֮ϡ
һɿµĺɫӶҪƹĻȻ˿̹âʢֶԷĹĻޱι̣ɫĻ涼޷ҡֺˡ
ֲħ֮ӶĳַһеƵӶȥʱɫĻӵȿֲͬڤħƿûһܹ
ƣַŭһֲĻ֮һ۵֮У֮Уڤ֮ħԼ֮ؿֲֶΣһ촫漴â磬ĻӦѣŮɫǳ𾪣Ȼַ˲佫סӦ
Ů¶ɫӲȻûϵַ㾹ȻܹƵ֮壬ˣһ֮ҲǿʢŶԡ
ַ㣬ŮĿдһ˿ĮȻȴûаη塣
㻹湻ģȻڿ˵ᱡ㣬ұ㿴Σַ㿿ڶԷϣƻӶҿԷɴʱһžոǰ΢Щʧ
Ҳͬʰ㣬ɣһɳ֮·ն볾Ĺϸ飬ңлһĨʥʣʥɣеʣ
ŮĿ⿴ַ㣬һĨǿĮӲᱡǽҿɴ˽ۿò
ַһӵɫƺһĨ˼֮⣬Էգ뵽ӰʤѩƮȻɡ
㲻ַ˵һĪĻŮ£㲻Ǻ⣬ָ˭
ַɫӣһĪ˸Цݹϣȴûжյͺ;ޣ𾪣ֻƽһ˼
ҲΪ㣬߰ɣŮſַ㵭˵һŮɫһַ㿴֮Ϊλ˵ĹŹ֡
Ҳʲô˼Ůһ˿ǿɫ䲻ʮΪأӦַ֮ǿдϣǺ֮壬˲ˣգǹϵģǣΪ֮Ȼַ㿴֮ȴֻ˵һ䣬㲻
ʡòмƣ㶼Ҹı֮ǰ߰ɣַٶȿڣŮɫһͣʣòмƣ֪òȼģҲֻһŮ˺Ȼܴ֮ͬȻַĻ
ҽѩסҵ֣ƻָ󣬻ȡ
Ůַ˵ɴڵס漴˸뿪ߡ
ѩַĿ˸ѩѩ磡
⻪˸һѩС֣Сַ¶һĨõЦݡ
ѩ鶯գգ漴ַĻУɵſ
飬˻ľǿ̫࣬ĸҪҲҽߣ㲻ҪңַһиǾҪҵڣϧһеõʥϵľƷʥҲϧȻַ㵣ĵĻ֮ˣóƷʥԷֻ̰ͼʥƷҩ


1105 ⻯
ѩ뿪¾ưܵԺ䣬Զ˸ȥˮ
ѩˡ
˵ǻ쵰Ȼ͵Ϯѩӣʹѩˣѩӽٳֵ֪ѩʲô
ƨô̵ʱʲôҶѩʲô׼еӡ
Ⱥ˽ƺһЩҥԣ׷ٵѩ̤
ѩĮɫɨȺһۣ漴˵ҵģ˭׼
˵գѩμ˸ת˲ʧµĻȴ˾޴ĲΣѩ˵ģ˶еģ
дǻ쵰ѩʲôȺֻоŭڣַ̤֮ȥʱַѾ˵ڿգΧˣĿȴǷǳƽû뵽ѩִţ˶
ҲãٲǴǿ׷ɱ
޳֮Ȼѩӡ
⣬ѩӺεݣòҪ롣
ѩӲҵȶҪԼ֪Ǹʲô
ȺһһۣһַŭĿӣַް㣬еŮ
û˵ǷˡַЩ˵ԻĮķһһȺĿȷӣòŮַֻʽԼļֵڡ
Ųһ磬ַ㳯ǰ̤ЩͬȻЩ˵Ϊ඼ؾΪȻȴֱַˣǵ̤
ѩӣ˰Ȼ뿪Ű
ԣѩӴ˴ɱҲҪΪϵ̫ˡ
ȺһϢţȻȴַɫĮŲɳǰ֮ˡ
䣡һµϢŶ˿ַ˲񶼶ŭ⣬Ԫӿǿʱ׼š
ַһƳŲĴһƶ̺µԼȻƵֱĵһصǿ߸ǰ㱻ַһķ˳ȥȥʱʱ죬һѪɫ˲òҰס
˻ûпһӰַҪַ׽
ǧӡַŭһʱƻûǧӡϮղռ񱩣¡¡˷
ȻַŲδͣһ£ǰһɷ֮ǰţֻյһ
ַһʱյһޱȾ޴ӡ͵ĳ¿ĳ¡ľ޴˵Ľδַ㣬㱻һĵײ棬˶˵صס
ѩȻôΪ衣ַɫĮһȺ֮ˣǰ̳Լɱַ˵˭ݹҳ顣
һƿֲĽŶؽ־·ҪأޱȺֻоһ·Ҫǵϡ
̫ˣʬ͵ڣҲڻʹһöʥҩ
ԣɱʥŮͬӰƽϣǾˡɱ
ַвûͣ£ŭȼգô˾Ȼַ䵹һƬ澡ʧҪɱַ㡣
ڣַɫһղЩᵽڣʥŮ
ѩ֮ˣַĿ˵ķ֮âһ˿ȥ
ߣװʲôͿڵʥŮѩӣΪ㻹ܻһַɫһЩ㶡
ղŽٳֵŮȻ񷹬ڵʥŮ
УѾһС磬Ҫҵڣ
ʱַޱƣ֪ȻѾٳ񷹬ڵʥŮɴһֱҪʥҩˣ鶼ѾˣҲѩϾʥҩ
ѹС統ͬɾһҩ˱ǣӵһƬֲݵɽѹѩȻԼ֣ԭǿֲڡ
ַЩԣȻһ⣬ٳʥŮţҲǷͬһҪɱܹߵĳڣӵǿߵС硣
ˡ
Ϊؾ磬ʵֲѩӼΪĽˡ
ȺԶһ˳ʨͷʨ쳵ޱȣſԵ쫷Ȼѩӱ˱͵Ϯ˽ٳֵϢ
ѩûлصڣлᣡַɫ΢ѩ뿪ãˣٶӦܵӰ죬Ҳľʦ˵ʥŮϡ
ѩеҩԸַа漴Ųǰ򲻵ѣȻǲԸڵģܹԽֶεõʥƷεҩȻá
˺ôĵӣȻǰҪʨ˺ɷˡ
ַ㣬Ȼ迴ַǰвɵɫһĮ˵֪
£ͷ쳵ĿʨŭХֲȺ˫ͷʨſ޿ڣַ˺ҧȥ
貵׻ţ֣Ȼһʱޱ֮иգ޴ڶֲиʨ֮ϣֱӽ֮ѣѪȾ졣
󣬹ַĿһͷʨʱǿʨܵޱȾ޴ľŰ㣬ŭһȻͷӣȺȫһԡ
ţüͷҲ£漴쳵վȻһַ̤ɱȥ
ʥŮ·
һ˫ֱ۳ǰ׳ޱȣȿʨҪֲַ˺Ѷȥ
ַһŶԷֱ۸ѶȥȻԷȻܣֱץ꣬¡Ŀֲ֮뻯޵˫ײնҪըѡ
ַŲһ㵽ǰֲɱ֮ȭŶԷնɱ޿赲
˫˲ջأϳһɰԵޱߵĿҰ֮˫ȭͬҰޣ·пʨŭÿһȭɱûʨ֮Ӱ
䡢䡢䣡ըѣȺַֻڶ̶̵һ˲䲻֪ײ˶ȭɵͷ𺳣Ϣ֮У֮˿ͣ죬·֮ƶΪá
ûպ棬ߡɱһ̹ǵַ³漴ַֻĽŲһ̤棬̼֮ϳһ貵ĽɫӶ٣ƶȥͬʱַеĶȴ˿ûֲֹͣȭͷŽ֮񣬲ͣĺɱ
ѩ
ȺĿһڵǿʹùַ㾹ȻҲʹãѵַ㲻ǽٳѩӣҲ֮ˣ
ͬͷ𺳣˲䱻ɫɫ˲ò԰
ס֣Ҳսˡ
ղſ˵Ҫ·ģַɫĮҪɱȴ˵սˣЦһ貵ĺâŶ漴Ⱥ㿴屻һֲַŲһ磬˲ϢԶȥɱ̲˲Ϣ֮ʱȺĿⶼ׵ĽӲ̫ˣ֮˻ɱռ边Ȼɣʹ񷹬ڵǿ󹥷ֶΣ


1106 ֮
յһҫ۵İɫâַɱ֮ٵĳ˸ȥϣܹѩص֮ǰ
·;ϳ˽ٳѩַ㣬ɵ˽ͬʱղǱ߷֮Ҳɢ
ȻʱַȻûЩֻҪѩס
Ȼ·;ַȴûпѩӰӣĲɵ³ȥаԼǧѷĻ
ڣַڵĳ֮أûܿѩӰӣֻǿѩλŮĿƺڵȴʲôַʱǵ¶âַ㻹һ
СأҪַŮ˵ɫһ
㽫СٳߣȴҪˣٲ黹С㣬ھˡ㡣Ůַ㡣
üͷһַһĨϣ֮ɫ˼ѩûл
ѩԼ˦ںĻôлᣬ
ʲô˼С㲻Ǳٳ𣿡
Ѿ
ַӦһ漴Ŀ⳯Χϣܹȵɡ
ΧѶ˽ٳѩӣ˺桢˷ŭ֪ǺηʥӾȻ˵ĴڵʥŮҽٳֱ֣죬»ǵһš
ѩٳûлȺǻԽԽ࣬˶ַָָ㣬Ȼһصˡ
˵Աɵֶ͵Ϯѩӣ񵨴Ϊһصֱ
㲻֪ѩ뿪֮ʱ˵ˣ׼˶ңΪ䲻ߣɱص裬ǳǿܹʹڵǿ󹥷֮ͨ
˽˷˿̼Ǹղַս֮صȺˣΨûмѩַ֣üͷ
ڴʱֻ֮Ŵ󿪣߳һӰЩӰΪߣϢɲ⣬ǿޱȡ
ǳֵɲĿַϣĿ磬ޱȡ
ģǶַ㣬ʵ
ַɫһһɲЩ֪ٳѩģһֱûг֣˿ȴͻȻ߳оʲôͬѰ
λǰеѩλѾ̽ˣȫ֮ұȥ˿Ҳȴδַʵ棬ЩʵǿҪºס
ǵȷ̽ˣ䵽棬ǲΪ㣬Ȼȴûٳ˱񣬱Σգźšһλ˻˵ַ΢⣬˻ˮ㡣
ַЩʱ£ѩˣڶǿ߼٣н͵Ŀռ𣿵Ȼ˿̶Է˵ȫǳ滰ѩΪźŵģûΪѩ˵ķ
Ҿûвѩַûж͡
Ҳв˭֪ûͬҪʹѻ֮һ˿ڵѩʹ˽ɵҷźţȻشΣŲַΪʱַ𣬱Ҫַ֡
ѻ֮
ַͬԷѻ꣬Ļеܽȫ¶ܡ
ǸǰΪǳҲڱѻꡣַӦ
ûѡ񡣡ǻĮ˵Ųǰ
ַΣâ˸漴гһöԿףϾ֮ʱĻʹ֮ס
ԪעУ̼䣬ʹ֮ױһ貵Ĺâ漴ַǰһõӰӡ
һλصӰƽ棬ȻֵɲǣڵȺĿⶼ΢΢¡
λѱӰЩ֮ǳЦ£ʱΧȺɫһַϾȻǿ߲µӡǣһҲб
ʲôˣ֮˶ʵ
֪ʦλѣҪǵλһʶ
ٳʥŮʥŮգҪѻ֮һۣȻʦܣұ֤޹أǲ
ڵΪ˶˵䣬ҲΪȻ˷ǷȺĺģԭصļһôǿıڵ˶ҪʦӣƫƫһﻹڵʥŮԡ
˻ɫһ㶣漴Цҡͷعͷַַ㣬һ￴˱ʥŮҲżɣȻ˰ˣôʦһҲΪס
Ⱥ˻ԣһȻ˵ҪʥŮףд̫ˣ֮ѩ
г꣬ҲַŭĿӣЦڵʥŮףѵĳλʵĻӻʥӲɡ
ַҲŵĺߣԭʦôƷĴʦ֣ľ̤˾õʳףӡľӡǣ˿ڵǿʹó
ʦ֣Ѿѩ뿪ˣڵǰſȥѩգ޹ءַȻ֪ľνֻһϷԡ
šľ˵ͷ漴ڵǿߵʦܵΪҿԵѻ껹ˣ˭ܹʹѻ֮ԣλѸľһӣţڵʥŮƽµġ
ڵ˳ĬԣûӦ˲ľߣȻҪǿַǵģȻľ̫һˣ˻ľֻֻ֪֮ؽǲǵЩСȴľͬһǵˣ伫ΪƽͬͨһһϢ¶âǼ֮£ľǿд뽫ִ֮£һӡ
ַ㣬䲻ģϾҪĵطҪľֶַ˵ַȻľҪڻ͹ϵҲϣģҪڵĵҩء
סַͷ
ʲôá߳
ľһҪˣ֮漴һ˿ڵ˴α㲻ѻ꣬ǷִйأľΪΣ
һԽ͵ڣľ˵Ȼ˿Ҫ̨ס
ãʯʺλǰĸͽ˵ͷʱȺҲ˹ԭˣ̨֮ˣǰʯյһͽٳʥŮַ㣬һλ
лλ¡ľЦ漴Ŀתַ㣺û뵽һܵϻˣȻ㲻ûȥٹһʱգֱǰ֮ǡ


1107 Ԥ
֮ǣַ˸ǳΪͽ֮ľŬչһʱ̨ѵʱľѾڿʼΪǰ֮׼
Ϊؾ磬ľǰ֮ǣǷ߹ʱڵȺУһλߵĮĿ˵͸żַ֮
޷˻ľƼʻᣬҪӱ֮ǱҪǰģУҲԹˣ֮ž֮һܿܿΪУ̤ǿߵʬǰУѡһ;͸ȾͬΪţ޷̤˵ʬǰУ˾ͽ̤ʬϡ
ľƽͣЦ˵ȴͷȻ𶯣Ĳпᡣ
½ܿܿ޿ɼ侳ʼ侳Ҫһ̭䵽䣬Ҫ̭࣬䵽䣬ӹµ֮߳䵽ߣ츳ƽӹ޷̤㣬ܹΪǿߵˣԶǷǷ֮ˣڻʣҲŵһˣͬһʱڣҪ֤ΪʣֻҪѹˣӱԣǿߣ޲ǲ̤ʬǰеġ
ңЩ½ĵۻʣ޲ڴ½¹Ũصһʣഫ콣ʳɻ֮ǰڰ˻ľһ˶ǰС磬սܳǿ֮ˣһһܣն£գ֤Ϊʣɾ֮콣𾪰˻ġ
Զģۣһսأսλͬǿߣһħ۸նɱž֮ȾѪ
һΪֲ֮ˣþ½֮ŷɥħʣԴħͨ쳹أͬܵУûκȴ޼ɣ˭Ǳɱ˭һŭ֮ѪɺӣÿζԷѹҲݱܷâȻħ֮ʱؽ䶯£Ϊƽء
Ϊ֮ˣͬʼɡǿҪû˸ɳһʱħʣս£ŵĹУԳҪԣħʾΣѾȺ
գħûδʣ㽫һ׷ɱնɱΪǧŵһˣδɻʣնʣ𾪴½Ϊûվ˾֮ϣ㾭٣עĳɾжΪС
ַ֪ľĻǶ˵ģʦָҪΪеţȣҪ̤ŵʬǣĲпᣬҪôʬǱ˼ֻ̤һ⣬Ըӹµȥ׷ߵľ磬ԣ㲻Щľž֮ײ
ľ˵û֮ɴߣЩû˲̤ʬǰеģȻ֮ǵĿ˻ľ޾˵ྪʵŵǰ֮ǣԿʦΪأѪǿʢѪȻº棬ѵҲʲôʲɣ
̽ԵĶľʵľƺַţȴ֪ľŴӺζСַ㣬ֻһε֮ǣܻ۰˻ľӢַ֮ΪЩڵʥŮѩӵ֮壬Ҳһֱ׼ͻƵأǰ֮ǣ
ˣڣҲ˵ѩܹѹţôˣЩС磬ȻһֲĴڰɣȻ˴ѩڱУ֮ǵĿǰ˻ľľӢһϵײڵЩߣ֪β֤ΪʣľĻΪ棬ɴߣؽ̤ŵʬǰУÿһ˶ˣ⣬Ҫô̤˵ʬǣҪô̤ʬǣ
ڳɻ֮ΣҲʵ磬ǲ
ʲôҲȻȴ֮ˣʱΪ޹ϵҲʦʱκ˶Ҫ̣㲻ǣ֮Ҳ֪˿ƽƽȻӱʷĳӵУټ
ľɺЦ˵ȻӦ
ַվľƽľڵǿ߶ԻԣʦһֱάȻַֻԼʱ䣬ȷ˶Ҫ̣Щ֮˭Ǵʮ磬ʼ̤һС֮ʼ֪ʲôɣٶȣԺŲȻҲ˵Լǿ½嫣˵֮ͯˣ̤֮ġ
ϣ˵ڴ̨ʯյĵһͽУֻ֮ܳˣǻҪȥѰʥŮˣڵǿ߲ټ飬˸ȥȥѰѩ
ľǿߵһϯԻȺид࣬˰̾ϢͬбûκƣҪ֤ڳ˵ΣЩˣǲ֮ˣ֮־ͣû׿һ
ҲЩˣбѪ·𿴵Ժ·;֮ɴ֮ˣ޲̤ǿʬϡ
ַ㣬ӵһ֮ģ˿ɣȻҪ˵ǣɴЩ޷⣬ⲻˣ㾡ȥûкη壬ȥηηβȻһеǰᶼǣҪţ
ľζ˵ַ㲢޶֮ˣַָȻ⡣
һ;Ĵη֮ˣ̸ǣľһ仰Ҳûη壬ȥ޷ж֪֮սȥսǲ޾壬¸ңǽҪ۷壬ǰǣҪȥ
һ֮ǵĿԤ߳Ϊʸ֤ΪʵˣѾվһ߶ȣˣǣŻʵĿʵǣĶʦ֣֣һ֮ٶȿϣܹԤԤԣл֤Ϊʣ
֮ǡԤߣַİʣ˼ǧ˻ľȻĴڣܹԤ˵δ
һΣ֮ǵĿһ˻ľоӢ֮Ҫ׼ЩӢŵĵһνңעᷢײľٶ˵ַ˿Ѫ˻ľӢ֮֮ǣ
ˣȥˡľЦ˵漴廯һַеĻʹ֮׵УɫһȻȥˣӡǾûĥѵľܳһβɣ
һĻ˲ٶַĻˣ


1108 Գ
ľӰʧ֮󣬶ʱв˶ַ¶⣬ֱӿڳΪǰ֮ǣҲֻ˵ĵʯ
֪ߵغ񣬾ҽٳѩӣ˴ڸ̨ӣܻ
ַعɫĮƽŲ׼뿪
ȵȣʱһַ㺰
תַĿ⿴ڵ꣬δЩ뿪һֱкš
ۣǰ֮˲㣬Ҫǰ֮ǣԸľӢ֮ȻˣұȿǷ̤֮ǵʸ񣡡
ڵĮ˵Ϊ֮ѩڶమĽ֮һַ㺦Ůˣٳֶߣ˿̸ΣΪľԵʣڵ߲ò㣬Ȼַֽͬѵַ㣬ľҲ޻˵ַҲûľ
ǣ̨ͽ˵֮ΪȺ˺ε
ˣȴڴʱַŲȻһ̤Ⱥ˵˶ȥɫһ͵ĺˡ
ַ̼Ƶгһɽ壬ޱӴΡ׳ۣ·Ҫ˵ѹɽ֮¡
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ֱ̧һɽôģȺĿһַ㣬սǿ̨ĵһͽľԱȻֻ֮Ϊ˵ŮȺŶ﹥
ַֻɨˣ˵ʲô˵ڱ룬
ɫһԸղַĿֲ̧ɽٶȿ£ܹ֮ͨ˶ѹˡ
Ųһ磬ַڵǰһɽ۶ɣֱնɱûκηϻԡ
ùϵļһȻ˵սսһ仰˵
Ҳһʣ漴һһʱյг໨ꡣ
䡢䡭뻨ײȻ졣
ֶ֮֮ΪͬտԴ۽ˡ
ɱƻӶʱ޾ĻַƮȥޱȣȻǽַǰ֮ʱȴȻųֲַɱȥ
ɫŶ貵ɨĨȥһС
ַŲǰ̤زһɿֲƳڵ۶ȥͲƥС
ƣ˫ӡʱƵз·ַӶȥգռ䶼סЩͬһҪַû
ص
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ͺһʱЩ⻪·һӣַ˲佫ַʵʵ
صǿ߶ԾƬܾ̾ʤڵȻã˱Ҫˡ
Ⱥڵǿĳַ̤ȥɵа
Ϊʲôʸǰ֮ǣ˵ַǰ̧𣬾Ҫַơ
ַ㵭³һ漴㿴ɫһͷ㿴һ˳˫ضϣֻ̼㽫סĿַ㣬ôڵֶͨΣ
ûʸ񣬻ֲ˵ңַӿһɿµֲĽɫĻͬʱţѣ̧ƣַ͵ĳŶԷ˦ȥ
¡ͬʱԷϵҲըѿˣѸ͡
˸ңַ̤ĸŶԷ
ŭһü֮һ⣬ĿֲһɫѿַüĶȥ
㲻Уַ㵭Į˵£ĵһ촫ֱַ˦˶Էϡ
ͬʱŶΡĹڷޱȣϣԷǿ˲棬ҪڰסȻȴַһųһޱȿµĹ⻪ϣѹһУԷӸ޷ڰ˲ջء
ȡ裬ģ
ַ׷϶ԷһǶ˦˳ȥͬʱջԼ˸ջƮȻȥת˲ûӰӡ
ڵɫѿȻ֮˦⡣
ҲȻ겻ѣڵ겻νǿȻֶַȴȻ⻯Է⧲Ҳȫѹ޷ڣûзӳԼȫսͱӲ˦⣬ңƺַ飬ֻ⣡
ַ뿪֮󣬷ٵĳĳطնȥ磬ҩʱûа취õҪ취֮ǣƺһηƼʻᣬȻҪȥһʶһ°˻ľӢǿߡ
ҵһ֮أַϥƵгԪʯ̼Ŀ
һɿֲзĻۣԪʯеԪϵıַ룬յҲ۳Ԫ籩ַϡ
Ԫֲĳ֮涼죬ϵ̫͸ַϣʹô˿̵ַׯ϶¡
ûҪͻˣڻĺ֮׵С統йۿ֮о۷֮·ʱܹƿϣ֮ʼţսͻȻԼҪͻˣ˿ҵƬ֮ء
ʱеַȻ֪˻ľˣʼ·ˣǰ֮ǡ
̨ľõһͽȫǰ֮ǣȥˮȴַ·
ԯ죬ϼףͬʱõǿֲսìȻΪսʹԪˣԯ֮ԯݻһǰ֮ǡ
ܷɽһ欵Ůɽ͸֮⣬ȻֻǾ·Ҫߵ
칬ϹҵĴˣһȻ̤²칬ǰ֮ǡ
ţµĿɮһľһ貧ͷ¡
ϲģԳүүҲȥǹƨսʤˡɽ£ԳɿһɫľĹĵ뿪ȻյͻأĳһޱȾ޴ľ£Գȿ񱼣ϲδ̫˰ɣ
ͬʱ˻ľСеĴ˶˳ǵĿֻ꣬һ֮ǣ˵ת֣һο


1109 ɱ
Ժ䵱УֲĻڷȼַϣ̫ͼԽҫۣâɣϵ̫֯
ֱַַֻֻ֣һ̫̫֮Уһ̫ʡ
ַ³³һɻɲǣͬǻâ˸˿̵ͬһˣԡ
ؾַȵ¶˿˿Ц⣬һͻˣȻں޾İ˻ľΪߣȻʱ㣬Ժˡ
ﲻʺϴȥˡַһ漴Ųһ̤ԶȥȻȥ֮вǰ̽飬ŵϵһƬ¶˼ɫ
ڳн׵õһͼִ̽һЩй֮ǵϢַ·նУһ·񱼣ֱ̤˳УһҰ֮زŷŻ˽Ųͣ
˷ǰ֮ǣҪ׼Щַ֮־ĿһСˣ˻ľÿһƬ飬嫵İ˻ľǳ˿ڣޱߣҪԷУڵΪʮʱ䶼޷ư˻ľһܣɼжôĺ嫣˿ֲĵ˽֮ܵ٣һЩС߳ˣõǿĴУӡ
ǻҪʥû׼յʱ佫ʥ
ҵһ˵Ķַ㽫֮漴ϼ͸ĽģʥܹգһǳʥͬսԷҪӶݣʥһȫ
᰻ص֮սԪˣһַ㻹ŵϢ֪Щ˻ʲô顣
âһһַ֮ǰַ㾲ĸ£ַ֮ܿսǽһҲַɱߵսƷַƵǣ֮᰺ǵĲͬ޷ƵˣҪ߲ܿơ
ȥַ㿪ʼģһպûȫӵоԵĿȨܹʹãֻΪӲȫʥƿʥƵõķǵ
ַȡȨȣһصϢȨӶȨвӵʥƵӵһ޵֮ľƷʥȽʥĵȼҪߣħַҲ֪ʲôʥħֲ̫ˡ
ȨȵḶַ́¶һ˿ĸо֮̾أȨ̺ܹͨȨȵӳֲ֮
ңЩЩڷԣħħģһ³ַħѹһУħһпֲħ䣬ͬһѿȨȣܹǿֻǲȨôֲ֮ͬʹ÷ŷԻʱܹٻ
Ȼﲢô׳͸ģķǿտֲԼǿľΪ֧š
ַ֮ڽζݵıչأ߳˶С
彵գַ㿴ãã磬̾һڣϻ֮أ뱱ҪԼշлȥ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䡣
ҪõһߣַǰԵĻĵһˣȻ֪Ҳˡ
СľͷǶл߲õĴֻҪС⣬ܹ뿪£ȥȥһ磬ֻᱻߣ벻ȥûʲôСûдȥˣҲһܹ
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ĺ;ĪϧСַ㲻ԸȥΣŴ󺦳ܹųҲԵģ
Ǽһַ㵹һ㲻˭ܱסܹסǾĴ۲ˣַ²⣬ϲƿܹԼôͷˡ
ҹĻ٣ַ̧ͷյǳ泩ĸо˵Ҳʾţˣƽģңǰ֮ǣַԤУһЩˣ
ַ㲻ȥ룬Ų̤ڻҰ˸еķͬ޾ĻҰҲСеԪ棬ʥأȻЩطȴ͸ɭϢ˸оܲ
ȻЩַ޹أֻǾźҹеļžɫɫĴСһΪܿܿһԱ
ַĿ⳯Լǰȥֻ죬ɱޱŨһֲĴ˺ѣɽѿһƬռ䡣
յβδַֹͣ㵽˽ǰЩս֮һȫۣʹɱǿ󣬷·ΪɱÿһޱҪЩӦ֮ӦӲϾ
ǼΧİӰʵҲ൱ֲһ֮£ΧľΪãɱˣԽסȻֻ߰ˣԿһɿµɱ˹߾Ȼܲϼţǵм䣬һŮƺˣϥʥѩ棬͵Ĺâϣ͸һɿֻǰɫϵѪƻһĨ֮⾳
ѩ
ַЩ⣬û뵽ڵǿ߾ȻﱻΧˣЩ˵ǵ󣬶֣֪һ֮ˡ
ڱѩ꣬ذΪػѩȻȴҲ᧿ΣˣЩ˵ɱ֮Ƕ֮Σա
ǲɱѩַ㿴ǵսаЩҪɱѩֱͬʱʹɱ֮ڵܹԼܱסѩЩûУеѰζˣҪ׽ڵʥŮ
֮˲δַ㣬һ޹ؽҪ֮ˡ
ڵȻҲַ㣬һͻȻʦܣٵʱˣֱӶɱ
ţַɫһĿһ⣬˺ȻԼˮԷɢԷע⡣
ˣ
Ȼ˻䣬һռƵֻһӰֱַ㣬磬ֻ̼ͽַߣһַȫַоԼ۴ӺδܣԷ޾ɱʽС
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һɿֲΣ٣ַɫһ˵Ľڻĺ֮׵ɱ¾֮Ӱɱмƣƺ£ԷϵϢ˸оͷƤ飬Ľ²֪ж꣡


1110 С
ĺ֮İӰɱ֣ѵЩҲǰӰɱַ֣̤ң翣硣
ˣֻԷгʱһƬӰ֣Ҫܵÿһ䣬·κһλܳ־֮
𣡡ַŭȣͬħ裬̼·һͷͷħӰŶԷɱȥ
͡͡ħӰȫ˺ѣһɾΣ֮дַֻһ貵ĽâֱȡʺϢ֮С
ԷΪֻأ̫ǿȻַвУȴԿƿֲΪɱ¾ˣǻֶβ࣬ǿÿһõ£еûайǣֻΪɱ֡
ˣֲķ֮־ַ֣ңʹõ£ĽŲޱ̼䣬ǧ֮⣬ߡ
ɱ£ַΪأڲ֮˿ֲ衣
ַԼһղΣ֮ʱңͻƣŲƵĲһʥƵĳΣңңң۱ƾ׿ֲĲأٶַܼӳģ׺һڡ
Ȼɱֻͣ˲ϢǾһûжĿĹ⻪ֻ޾ɱ⡣
ˣַոңͻƣ˿ٶʹöһޱԷ޾ɱȫ֮أΪַ㣬ɱб
ֻǸ·ˡַƮˣδ֣ǵĮ˵
ȻĻ䣬ȴоԷͷųֲɱīٴ趯յгһݺύĽӰ
ߣַԷɻɱɵɫһâ˸Ѫ֣Ȼһַ̣ӰӺڰʧޡ
Ӱ֣ɱɫһӰ꣬ҹУӰӶûУַ㣬Ҳɱ֡
ˣһɿµɱɱִ󾪣ӰĽȻȴһ͵촫ĺѪ֮͸Ѫޱȡ
á죡³Ŀˡ
ʦܣɱЩˡһ֮˿ɱֱѪղֺһַɫԽԽ쵰ҪЩԼѹֻҪʵԷ仰㹻ַأ֮Ŀ
ˡˣӰ˲ϢַǰĮޱߣһýһóޡ
ɱûй˼ͬʱ֣һ˳޾ռ䷢ž죬ͬ߰㳯ַ
ַŲһ̤ٺˣͻƺңϷ֮־쵽˼ĵزԷֻõһܻӰ
˵һΣ޹أңݹ֮Ѫַ³һ֮Էһۣ漴΢΢ͷתȥ
߳˲䣬ǳǳ۾㣬ľַ㣬˲Ϣ쵽˼ĵزͬʱƮɱ֮·ƿգȥҪһ
ַһɨȻĽȴûжҡԷɱֺ֮ΪĽֱ۱һѪȴüͷδһ¡
ͬʱ޴壬ҪסֻҪⳤ޵Ƭ̣һ˵Ľ˲ɱӰһַ·ߣʧ˵ɫҲͬһӰ޻꣡
ȻֻԷĳͻȻɨͬʱһ˵ĽݺᣬɨգֻҪַ¶һ˿ϢǾַܽ
ˣַϢٶ¶ˣȻĽȴֳֳ޵ĺʺһһɫӲٶȣÿֲӰ꣬˲֪ôģҹӰò֮ء
ҵҪ˭׷ɱڵˣ
Զһը죬δֲѹڵ˲䶼¶˿ϲ֮ɫϵˣʧ֮ǰڵǿڸˡ

ЩɱֵǼĹϣֱӷѩɱߣת˲ûڰУǺַսҲһƻңҪӣȴڲִټ䱻ַһڽ¡
ַ׳Զȥֻü㳯磬һͣ£Щߵ׷ɱȥ̼ҽвϡ
ܿ죬λǿȥһһˣȻǿµĻڡ
ѾˣǸղûȥ׷ɱǿߵ˵λǿߵͷһȻֻԷŶѪǰᡣ
Է֪ӵѻ֮ɱúֶΣ֪˭ǡ
ôֵǿĿ⿴Ǽλ꣬ԷսҲ֪һЩߡ
һλ꿴˸뿪ַ㣬׼𣿡
ַŲһͣع˵ꡣ
Ҳ˴£Щǿâַ㣬ˣľţҲҪɱ
ǰҶԸЩɱ֣ڣ㲻ͬɣַ
˭֪ǷΪΪľǷ˿̵ľ棬⣬Ļʧ٣˿Ϊ˴ٴγΪбҪѻ꣡
ѻַ꣡б䣬֮˰£ˣñɡ
οǿ߶ʵ
׷ɱڵʥŮ¹غ̫ɴɱɷŹңֻѻѣˣ˸һЩ
֮ˣĽǶȻվԼַѻ֣ǿз·ɰ㡣
ַ㿴ǿߣҪѻ꣬ɣԷ֪ôöҰвɱڲŹַ֣㻳ɣѻûѳʲôԷҲɱΪ˲ľ֪Ӧñڣ
꣬οڣδζصľ棡
ߣڴ˿̣˵ѩͻȻĮ˵
ǰ֣΢΢һ㶣Ȱ
Ļ˴£ңܵôֲαԼԳ֣ѩĪеĽԸѩϿĹ⻪תݣַ㣬߰ɣһȡġ
ҵţַӦһ漴Ų̤뿪Ƿ֮أѩΪڵʥŮҪᱡ֮ȹ̵ģ̹ǼһЩֶΣ˴λߣԸ˭֪Էʲô
壬һ·ǰУ˲Ϣʧ˺ҹУϵĳ֮ǵķȥ
ţѩǼλڵǿߣ֮ǣٴģ


1111 ۰˻
֮λڰ˻ľ򣬾ϻ֮ƫ̨ڵ쾳λڰ˻ľƫ֮أַϻĳҪࡣ
һµʱ䣬ַѾ֮ǵΧĳǣ֮ΧУÿһǳضżϵʷÿһУӵһλ
޾İ˻ľȺ֪ʣʮ֮Ȼǻ֮ǵϳУλʣɼжҪ֪޾ıģ޾ֻ̨֮ϣӵλϵеʣʯʺʣҲˣӵгɰǧлȵĽУֻһλʡ
ʱַĳ֮һĽǣ֮Գ֮ΪǣֻΪ˼һˣ콣ʣλǧǰݺ˻ľľޣǴǳسһ˶ս˻ľǿߣ֤Ϊʣ콣ʵʥ꣬콣ʴӴڴ½伣
ǣӴ˸ǣ콣ʵĺˣҲסǱУδʳ֣ȻȴС˵콣ʧ֮ǰعһˣ˴ԣ콣˾ڼ֮Уð˻ľǰ콣ʵļ嵱п콣ȻЩֻҪ̤УҲ޷ʶڰˣҲ޹˴Ӵ˴콣ʺ⡣
ˣĽ죬˶콣ʵĺɴžη֮⡣
ַһҾ¥У˸ۣȡһЩԼõϢȻ֮ǵĿһʱգ嫵Ĵų֮һĽѾз֮ƣ֮ƵһҾ¥һķ糾֮ˣȻǲԶǧ
˴֮ٶȿ֪Ƿֻһڴ˸п˵
˭˲ڴ٣һʱֻи֤֮Ϊʣδ̫µΨоž֮ͬһӵ֤ΪʵĻᣬӵд֮ˣΨԣȽȽŵʬǱǸŵ˼̤գЩ֮һ֤¹£
ǷǴǲ֪һлҪԤԤԣŲ칬ϻʻ꣬ҪˣȻ֮ǰȻҵ˴ˣ֪Ǻˣһλ޽ϻҵˣ»㾡УĴ˰ɣĴˡ
ǲ칬λҵˣһ˵ҲҪˣ߰ʶʶգֻҪѡˣҲؽ֮һɻʣ֮ÿһ֮߱أҪԤߵԤԣ漴ȷҪ֮ˣ֪˭ܹõߵĴһ֤
Ҳ˵ˣֻ߲һˣ˭ܹΪռߣҪǵѡˡ
̸ŵǰʢҲ˰¥ֵطԶ׵õϢĵطַÿһطһϰߣھ¥ƣϤһЩԼõϢ
Ԥٶȿ֮ǣҲ֣ɱ֮һֱɱ¾ߣ֪ߵֲĴǷһʱ֡
пܣڵʥŮӵ֮壬ܷɽϵλ˵ӵԶŷ壬µСиǴ棬˵Ƿתôо˴֮ǵĿĻԤԳһ١
һ֮˿Χ֮˶ǵ̸ɵ£֪Ķȫ˵˳иԺ
λ֪ƺ࣬˵˵˴֮ǵĿ˭ܹѹţΪľߡ˶Щ˵֮ʵ
ֻǼ˿ھƣЦݣ˵֪žͲ֪٣οδ֪ģλ֪ļ˵ԳʵԳɣʮһʽܹһУ콣ʺ˽ޱ֮ʥŮѩò֮壬ܹٻ֮˵˵Щ˭˵ǿ
ݸĬԣƺ˼Уȷ޾İ˻ľһʱƺǾžޣį֮УҲѪȼգԣѪʱ
񱤵ţ𣡡ʱһĮڰľ¥ͻأȺɫһͣĿ⿴һ֮ˣֻЩ˹׳һĨӦ񱤵ǿߡ
ĪҲܹղЩľŲɣǻ治֪ղ̸֮˻Ӧ˵
ߣЩ񱤵һѾ֮֮ܽ˻ܣ⻹㣬о嵮ؽһѹȥ
壿Ⱥɫһ֪ǿŵ˵ν壬Ȼָ壬֮˼£ϣӵпֲ츳壬ܷɽλ˵Ϲŷ൱ס
û뵽񱤾Ȼ壬ҹªˣȻĻȻҲŵУӵԵʸ񡣡Բ񱤵ˣЦ˵񱤵Ⱥ⡣
Ȼ񱤴ӲȱţЦ쾳УȴһҲ֮Ǹ
񱤵ȺЦ˶ʱȻ񱤵ȺȻָ쾳е̨ʯյһͽãûо̫ĵǱԣȷʵ
̨ϴεĶԹ˶жţȻ񱤻ģľͺ֣񱤵
ô˵һ֮ǿ̨֣õԤߵԤԣֻҪʮڱؽ֤ɻʣʣ𾪰˻ľһ죬ȴû˵õԤߵˣһ̨о֮˳֣վ̨һλʣ񱤵ǰ棡
ʱһĮ񱤵˵ĻԣɫһͣȻ˶ײ񱤵ˡ
˿̣񱤵ˣɫȻ


1112 һɱ
¥⣬һ껺󱳸Žղ̨һλʽ֮ǰˣ
̨֮ˣ񱤵Ⱥһƣ͸żƺ⣬ԷĻɴ񱤵ʹһ֮ǿֱ϶Ϊӵʣʮصٻ
ʮ꣬ڳɻʶԣݣǿһͣʮϰ궼ǼΪ֮£ԤȴԤԺֽʮڵٻ֤Ϊʣ񱤣׷ˣ̨Ȼ𲻾ãȻȴпܳΪһλʵǿ
ңǰǰ񱤻ɱǵǿߵˣǡҲǺ֡
Ҳ̨֮ˣֻ¶ѡ˵Į˵һ漴ߵһǰһֻһˣкüλ
𣿡ʵ
ַһЦʾ⣺⣡
Ϊ˵Σ˶ַЦʵ
գַЦŻ˾ٱΪ̨ͽȻҲ񱤵ȺԴޣղǼ˸̸˻ľŲδ˵񱤣ȴЩƺ±˻Ὣ㣬еţЦᱻ֪贵ꡣ
˺ַٱƽϴһĨύ֮⣬ЦԼԼ֪߳ܣʵٻλ֪꣬۱ʯʱ౲Ȼȴϣֵ̨˶ɱ񱤣Ҳ裬񾹻ڴ˵ش꣬Ц
Ļ£ʱ¥ͻأİѻȸ˵δҲ̫󵨣񱤣ʶ˽ȥ˵Ϊǰȴʯʡ
һɱֻ֮建վ
֪ηʲɱ
񱤵Ϣţ֣ͬʱվĳʣĿ񱤵Ⱥ
ƾǣ𣿡һȻޱȣǿӡ
ɱ֮һ̤ѣֲİ죬Եľȫըѡ
ˣ貵ĺŶϮˣ˵ıֲĽһ̳ɱ˶
һɱ񱤵˲˵ɱ񱤵ȺΪ⽣Ƕַɱġ
ΪԵַ㣬һǱɱһ˽ľ룬ҫ۵Ľâ޴㡣
һ̶סˣ񱤵ǿҲǣԷĽָģȻַ㣬ѵղ˵ЩֻΪ˽ӽַ㣿ôΪ񱤣ܹӽַ㣬ôǵ꣬˭
û˻ϵһΪַıɱһַԼҲûϵԷαװ̫ˣûж¶Ϣ޴Ӳң⼤ŭ񱤵ˣһΪԼĹϵΪ˼ŭ񱤣гְνɣֱĴɱ֮ȻԷ֪˭
Ǽıһַоһʹˣ·Ҫơûκΰ취ܹƽ⣡
ɱ֮Ⱥ⾪޵һȻţ֮ǰ׼ԼһĴɱܼ֮򵥣ȴ
𣡡ַŭХһΪģһɿֲħϯ˲飬¥ѣħŭХɫ䣬·ħͷŶԷɱȥڶԷĽϣڣöԷĻ¡
Ȼǻһ¶ѣԷս֣ǰι̣ɱ˵ģ˵ļͣɿħŭХ䱻ѪַҪ
ÿµɱ֣ȺַһŭХͷƤ飬ȻԷеĽȻȹ̣̫ˣרΪɱ˶ɱ֮ûлεֶΣûǿΨжһ
ΪַղģˣĽŲ޷̤ܿһеֶΣˣ޽⡣
䣡ŲַµĴѿͬʱַʧˣֱʧȺС
ôܣȺɫȻѵַ㻹˲Ʋɣ
꣡һ֮ȾѪַٴγ֣һվ޷ؼһ̣̤棬ƫЩͬʱʹӰ꣬壬һԷǼ̵һ˲䣬ܵķ
ԣһҼ粿λֻҪղƫƣһʹʺ
ԭӰ꣬գֻо˵ţ⾪һĻεǵȺս˾ռߣȻղһŵʱ˲䱻סһǿ󡣵̫ޡĿ
ַ㣬Ȼûţһȥˡ
ѪȪˮӿַɫޱȣԷֻ£ٶȽɱҪַնѣȻʱַεĽסֲȫ۵ƵУͬʱħͷţҲԼסεĿ
ɱŭһ֮˲ţںϣѹֱӳŶԷüѹȥͬʱ³ȫǿµĽҪԷ嶼ѡ
ɿԷԼĽӰƮȻˣ磬漴ֱӴжߣ˾ɱһûɱַ㣬ȻֻǼ̵һ˲¶һĨϧɫ㳷ߣֹ˸оһ䣬ֻһɱԷǾԲģΪʣΪܹɱԷĽ
ɱûôڷ²Ϊ֮ˣֱӷˡ
ַջѪĽγ͸ű̹ǵɱ⣬ܾûо˽ˣ֮Դ⣬ΪԷΪһأһ֮˾̳˾һҪ
ߣߵ𣡡
ַдһĨŨɱ⣬Ųһ̤棬ѺѪƶˣˣҪɱ


1113 ߱ͬ
𣡡Ⱥ׷ڿգ¥ҪΣɱһδߣٶ죬ַ޷׷ϵˡ
ַ¥֮󣬱ĿεĽԷ֮־ͷţƮ̤ңٶȺֲͬһƬҶһû
ˣͻȻһԻַֻ֮һһɿֲΣнϡ
̧ͷɱͬȴԻðĿռ֮УͻȻһˡһĿޱȵĽҪ˵ʹ޷һͬɱ֮졢׼ݣûκζĻڣֻΪɱˣһ̳ɡ
ⲻһˣɱˣȺͷһղھ¥бɱ֮δ֣񣬾пֲɱ֪һֲ˻ľɱˣƺֻʣɱ֮ʵ°ɡ
Ȼɱ֮Ӱɱ֣˶ǣȴɱ֮ʵˣƺһɿֲɱ𣬶
ַ㿴Ǵһ˵Ĺ
еڶλˣַ³һŭХһħ񣬷·ħŭХŶԷȥͬʱַ̽µĽɫֱӺڶԷĽϣɫֱۣ޷ƿ
ɱַٴŭöԷһȻȴַĴһֱɫĴץգԷοס޿ɱܡ
ԷҪˣȻַﻹĻᣬɫĴץסȻֻס˲Ϣ򣬵ַԣ㹻ˡ
˽һһĮ³ַ˻һӶԷл̼ɱֵѿֲĽ׵˺ѣò
Զɱֿͬڶݵ˲ͱɱȲɱɵת뿪
ߣַһסԼ˵ļ粿ѪҺֹ֮ͣ־ңһţŶԷȥֻ˲ַ׷˶Է
ˣַ㼴׷϶Էɲǣ˲Ϣתƻֱַʺ
ַһĳƻɫؼİһͬը졣
꣡
ַ֮ͣټϴʥĿֲݿ࣬ԷֶδѣҽϣֱַӺ˶ԷͷϣԷԴѿ
ðԵɫһַ㱻֮󲻹ƣɱˣԵס
һΪȻֻؾսԳΪࡣ
ٶȺֲܿضһܿɱֻҪ졣
Ⱥа̾ɱǿֶɱ֮޳ʤͬǵһһȫǱɱ֮Ȼɱ֮ƣǱսȴֲַ̫Ենɱ
һҹֵɱ𣡡ַһɱֻ֮أɱһЩӰɱ֣磬һҹżѩ֮ʱɱ˼λɱ֣һͬôǹҪ²ѩܿ£Ȼ鵽Լĵϸңλɱǰɱ
˵ǣԷû̫ӣɳɱƿ˿µɱֶΣʵǿ󣬲ûе֣Ǿ¥еһͿҪ˿뵽һĻַɸо쬵ģղһĻʵ̫ˡ
ַͻȻľĻˣƽƽʱвοҪ֮ϣ̤Ƭأʱж˶㣬̤ǿߵʬǣܵپۡ
δ𡢵δ𡭡ĿռͻȻĽŲ֮Ų·̺ɣ˵ġ
˲֪ıص̧ͷ漴Ǳ㿴ԶһӰĽŲƺȻȺȴѾǵһϮ£ͷϴŶңҵıԵкɴڵס
˿̣Դ΢΢ʹţŲôȽصɣܹ֪ݡ
ڴʱǿгһŹɫĹɫļңͨͨǰƽڼ֮ϣŲһ̧ͷɫļʸϢӶ
ˣ
Էɿɫļʸ˿նȥû貵Ĺ⻪ûƣֻһ֮⣬Ⱥͷ˵Ĳľһס
޵һֱյУַͷϿգȺףȻڴ˿̣һ貵ĹĻţըѣȺɫ͵һ
ǼʸյĳطʱһƬվȻըˣ漴棬һӰ
þ
ɫһû뵽ַͷϿջһˣ˶ԼĻþУ·һˣȴһʸֱƿ
ͬʧɫҪӣѾˣһļʸ̫죬ֱû࣬յС
ͷһɱˣ¶һĨĳޡ
Զס߱ͬ˵ɱֳ֣Զһ˶ڰУעһսĽ֣Ӳ⣡
ǴŶ֮ԼĹޱȵƽƺ˵һȻȴȺĲ¡
߱ͬˣ߱ͬ˵伣ôãһγ˰˻ľ𣡡
Ⱥ˾޴Ĳû뵽ǻһֲɱͬˣɱͬ˵֣߱ͬˣ߱ʡ߱ɱʣŷɥĿǵĴڣרɱʴˡܳΪʵˣԼʱ
߱ʣʣҪ߱
һֲڰ˻ľȷѪ꣬Ȼһҹ伣ʧĴźܶ࣬ͬǣ˻ľϣһǰΧˣҵ߱ͬ˵ϳɨв
Ȼ߱ͬˣְ˻ľζʲôѵд֣߱ͬˣҪɱЩӵʵǿ
ַ㣬Ȼ߱ͬ˵ˣԼҲ֪þһǱ
˵ĿǴŶ֮˵֮ʱǵԺвĳ֡ߣ
ߣػʸ֤Ϊʵšػδʣǣ߱ͬ˵Уĵˣ


1114 ֮
߾ȻȺΪ𺳣ԤߡߡߡߡЩÿһλ֣ڴ½һһԤ߽֮ǣߣŽҪֳɱ֮ʴҲǵǰ
ټϸǿʵĵƺ½ȷѪ֮ƣ⽫ǰ˻ľĴҲǾ½Ĵ
ԣĳһ˸ྪʱⲻһ򣬶Ǵ½ͬľǰ䣬Ĵǵڰ˻ľģ½
Ҳ֪˵ٻΪʱ磬ȻѾྪʵ˴֮ǵĿ׻ֶ١
ַ㿴ͷ֮ˣ˵֮ڶУˣȻǴеߣһƶԷĻþռ䣬ԷĨɱ⻹ΣߣηֶԷ֮صģ֪Լôġ
߱ͬ˵Ϊλѡɱһҹ׷ɱѩˣôԷ֪Ҳܹ͵ˣΪ˵߱ͬԶһ˶ڰעŴɱĽ֣һҲ⣬еһж֮˵עӵУڵ˵ʱûϵԷ߱ͬ˵ˡ
߱ͬɱѩҲԽˣѩӵ֮壬ҲܻΪδʣҪ߱ʱַȴЩɱƺҪѩƺ뽫׽ַ벻ס
ʶҪ߱߱ͬˣһɺεȿµɱ¾૵һַһοЦҲʱСķˣһζԷɳɱֲ̫ǿǶԷɶĻһοܻиǿɱֳ֣ϣûһΰɣ
߽Լͷ϶ѹͣ⻺תƺ׼ʹȥȥѰҪ֮ˡ
ߣȻˣαҪߣʱһӰ̤ɫϵԵϲ˳֮Щ֮΢΢ͷ΢Цźķʦˡ
⵽֮񱤵ǿߣΪؾ磬Ѿ̤߽֮Уʵǿ
ֻķƮȻڵأ漴ߣ˴֮ǵĿû뵽Ҳˣ֮㲻ǴҲʢķΪأͽ£֮Σķնʧ
뱻ػȺķĻȻΪػ֮ˣڰжһλػͬʱػҲһҫζţл֤Ϊʣ
ķĻ΢΢ͷ֮µ޷ȻУɫĹһγ֡
֮ӦǽɫģôˣķԷɫļĮ˵Ȼ߲δᣬʸڼ֮ϣ漴ƿգХûĹ⻪ֻеĻ֮
ߣķһ̺ɫ⣬ͬ۰ҫ۶Ŀ͵һȭɱȥХ֮
ˣͬʱߵڶ˳к֮ƣһǳķȥϿա
ˡˡˣ
ңʸƿգ磬ȺĿϾӣߵļģȻܿ죬ճ𺳵һĻǺ󷢵İ֧ʸڰ˴λһɴ̺У˷ķһλߣܲʸ
ˣһһһֱӴ͸գǰһֱӴ̴ķȭͷҪһ𣬾Ϳʸѷ飬һֲļʸȡһϢ˵
ķɫһ䣬޷ָղŵĵȻŭһ죬ޱȣ·ŭ㣬˫ۺɱ·о裬ľ֧ʸȥ
䡢䡢䡭رѣը죬Ϣӣ֮Ӱһ͸ʸȫһ㣬͸εȿ£ķ屩ˣȻмǻ֮ٶֲ͸ޣȥ
𣡡ķٶȿһֱۻ˽ɫֲƳǼʸȥʸ֮΢΢裬һǰ
ͣ£
צֱӽʸסֲĦķɫµĴʹ֮УȻǼʸͣƵ
ķ΢΢£Ѫ͸
Ŀ⿴ߣֻԷɴŶңתδĽŲԶȥֻһõӰӡ
㻹񣡡
һƽԶƮķɫ࣬վȺм䣬оԼǸС㣬ȡ衣
̯ƣһĨĨѪǣȻǱʸˡ

ΪԼ˭ȻҪõߵػ֮ػֻ֮ӵ֮ʵ
а񱤵ķϵɫмּɫ
ַĿ⿴һʧӰϴһĨЦݣ񱤵ķȷȡ裬ʵҪõߵ֮ôס
ЦʲôЦ
һȻը죬漴Ⱥֻķ񱩵Ȼ˳һ̽צַɱȥҪַ˺ѡ
ȺͻһĻŪɫһ漴ͷȻַ㵹ùձ߱ͬ˵ɱִɱΪķԵʣΪ˶ԷĶķȻǿеĳ֮ɫޱȱ޴йþַҲЦɵҪŭַϣַһ֮ˣķɱҲɱˣȻҳ
ַҲ£ԷĿצ˲Ϣ٣ݲ룬̧ƻۿֲƳŶԷ˳ȥֲıըַϣ·Ҫ顣
ַ屻ˣס֮󣬸оֱϻʹһɱ⣬Ͳ
â˸ַгһӵƵĹչ
һԲŹʸ˲ϢƿգķŭɱȥУһĨѪĺâղűɱɱƻڣ֣֮ٴƣҲûأ


1115 Űķ
չѣǰҲԶܹͨģһɱռһʸ쵽˼ĵز˲Ϣ١
ǹķһɫѿղű㱻ߵĹ裬ַ㾹ùŭ
һȭֱӳżʸɱ·۸ֱ֮ϣ֮Уʸըѡ
Ȼ˿̵ļȴ½ɱ˳ȥַԪݣϷȼţ͸˿˿İ֮ɫĿ£˻ֲĻȫ۵˼ʸ֮ϣļźɫĻԪ
ķŲǰ̤ÿһ̤һֲѷ죬治ϱѿޱߵŭͷ
֮־ַ֣̤ңޱٶȿ磬ķһľܾһ̺ſֲɫļʸɱȥ·նҪȼ
ķ֪ԼѾݻ˶ټʸǿֲ֮Ҫ裬ֻҪһʸϣ͹ܵˣȻһ֧ʸвʮ֧ʸ֧ʸأ
ÿٶȣȥķƻԿȺΪķַܹնɱȴû뵽ַٶô죬Զķȵľ룬һһɱ·Զƣķַĳ嶯
ɱķŭһХ֮гһޱȾ޴ĵ֮Ӱ䣬ӳȺϣ˸ой⡣
ķһԾ𣬳գնɱ£·ڿգݿ࣬ʸϵѡ
ȻַûͣϢһһƿգķޱȷꡣ
óǽսΪǶ⻯սֶΣսǿޱȣ˿ٶȸϣֻгΪӵķݣȺַΧķͣɱķֻܹϵĻӵɵðΪķԩ湻ġ
𣡡ڴʱķɱһͷֲʵַɶȥķɱҲͬʱǰ
ɣķ˵һҪַ
ȴַЦչʧŵɲһž޴ɫͬʱǰһɫĶƣ᲻ɴݡ
¡նںɫ֮ϣַ˫۷飬Ѫڶƽж룬һܽڸܴ
Ȼûѣʲôƣ
ɫһֲ֮ն棬𺳡
һ˲ʱ䣬ķڵַߣޱȵצ˽ɫ̣һͷ֮쳯ַɹȥһҪַ
ַɫƽޱȣûаĲУһ컭ͻأĳ֣͵ĳǰɱ
ǣŰĿռըѣצҪ컭ꪶ飬ȻʥļҲܹѵģķƶ̳һѪķ˿Ҫַء
ŭһ֮쳯ַɶȥҪַû
ɣַ³һһڤĻ֮Ŷ쵱Уַؾ֮ԪӵĿ񱩣۶ڤ֮εȵĿ£ңַ㻹ڻ浱мħԼ֮
𡭡֮зһ˻𣬲ȴԵüΪʹ࣬ӰַƵгһ޴Ĵͷµش֮裬ޱ߾޴Ĵͷݺݵ˹ȥķҽһıˡ
ȺɫӲǳ鴤ţʲôôô౦Ǽʥ
ɫĹŶܡ컭ꪡͷÿһﶼޱȵι̼Ӳ䲻ʥƺʥĲʣֲն¶޷úɫĹŶаƣɼŶжôļ̡
һĹȺ˵߱ͬ˵˶Ҫɱ
չٴγַ֣㽫ﶼɵһʸƿķϢʱ䶼ûС
˿̵ֱȫѪߵĿֲʸĦ˺ֱ֮컭ꪴУ׵úܴؿڰݽȥһͷеģԵޱȵҡ
𡢺𡭡ķϷ˻֮ļʸ˺ѣ˿̵Ϣٿַ㣬ͥŲһʸޱȣ·һķ׳һ磬ȥĻķʵַǿտ»Ҫ޵˵ᱻַĸĥ
ҳ㹻𣿡ַĮķһߵʱһ޶ķ裬ַȥȥҪӭӸµĿ籩ļʸȴ׷ַ㣬ֻаŰķݡ
ס֣ʱԱ񱤵ڳסˣ˸нַΧ֮ƣַɱķǱƾĲǹٶȣǺΧɱַ㣬ؽַ㵱ɱ
ַеļʸۿ񱤵ȺĮĵ÷ϻһϰɣ
Ⱥ˻ɫһ㶣һδҲ̫˰ɣЩȻΪķϾҲǴ߳ûһߣһΧĻܹܵס
ߣķʦֲ棬㾹ŹԱֶζԸʦ֣Ȼˣݹˣеһ˵
ֶΣЦַĮĿķϣҲδ㣬Լ边ҳȴǸַ֮Ȼõ֮ˡ
ַĻķɫ԰ףѿ˼£ˣѵղַֻ棿
ȺҲɫһ˵󻰰ɣķֶǿַƾٶԼķѹơ
Ȼ˿̣˱㿴ַ㶯ˣչף·һɰһȻ֮ƣΪá
ħӡַ³һ̽ЮſֲĴ֮ɱһ̷·سķѹȹȥѹǣذݣȫѹķ
ꡢǣƻδ֪޾ѹķµĴزϵѿһ̣ķɫ԰ס
ÿֲɱӡħ죬ضҪݣӡҪݻһУȺͷҵĲķһȫۣһͷ죬ѹԿѹ÷顣
ħӡħеһǿֶΣԵħ죬ټַںȻУɱֱҪݻһУ޿赲еһжҪһӡ֮±Ƭ
ղţַѣ


1116 һһɱ
䣡ѹصħ٣ȺֻһſֲħǷطըѣŰȥ
һҵĺķֱҪȻɱħӡ飬׵Ķѵޱȡ
ַһķԴУ漴͵̧յУɨЩɱ֮ˣ̼䣬Щ˵ĽŲͣǰһĻͷŲҲǰ
¡Ⱥ˿ڿˮֻоЩڸǲͣĳ鴤һµħ죬̫ˣķؾ磬񱤵ǿߣȴַѹȵң˫ֱѿ屻ַյУһĻ̫꣬ԭǿ޺꣬ʵ˵Ŀֲ
ѵ߱ͬ˵ɱַ㣬ΪӵʣҪնɱɣ
ſңķޱңûһõĵطû˰յ֮ʱϢǱǱˣƿַС
㱻裬ҳҪأڣҷſ㣿ַɫĮεĽסɱķ˿ûˣַŰ
֮ˣǿ֮ǣܿͻᵽˣɱңķĮ˵Ҫ֮вѹַ㡣
ſķʦ֣񱤹ʦԼʦֶҪˣҲ˵ӵ֮ʦ֣صĹʦֳʥӣҶķʦ֣ĺǶû֮·ɡЩ񱤵һַŭĿӣв
ڣ֮壡˰ּ£⽫Ǹ˻ĵϹŷʣ񱤵ĸͽֲڻǳ£Բķܹȵģǹ˵أӵʥɱһķӦû⣬ַ޷С
һ¡ַ䵭˵һ¡һըѵ촫ֻķ屻ַݺݵ˵ϣһ̶İȺͷ΢һѵҪɱķɣ
Щ񱤵ǿ߿ַ㻹Ҷ֣ŭĿӣ䡣
Ǻķַ³һ漴һ̤ݺݵļ̤ķϣֲĻȼնķԪ֮·ȼҽ
ŹңҪʲôԣķҵġ
ҺвģˣӾ磬ЩǿĿע£ķڻ
ߡ
񱤣ɣ
񱤵Ⱥ˸뿪չַ֣͸һĨа֮ɫȻˣҲɱ
֧ʸͬʱ۶ɣʸ֮͸źɫĿֲ棬ƿն˲һʵǿ֮˱Уҽг䡣
ң
ǶвұˣһʲôңַŹʸƿգȻ֪ƾʸɱ˶Է֮־ңټϱϵٶȺ£һ֮˸ҪӾͱ׷ϣɫ˲Ұףս⣬ķַƣôս
ǣԴһ飬һ䣬ַսĻֵܵƬ̣ȻԸʶ䣬Ӧսַ׷ֱĨĿɱ
Ⱥ˿˿亹һùֶΣȻ񱤶вҪɱˣȫɱαػҪ飬οǲַ֪Լ񱤣гԹɱ˹ɵĵܵܣһ֮ѹˣ̨̤ɱ֣ҪûнһĻҲ֮С
ַŲ̤ޱң貵֮⣬Ѥ׷ɱȥ
𣡡һ֮˻Ȼת˫ۻɫϷ·𸲸һսףϿѹȶַɱȥ
ȻȴֻâһַгһͷſֲĴ֮ͷ´ն
ֲĴͷ˫ҶѣһǳҪģԺ䣬ֱôͷҡ
ֲĴͷٶȱַһκݺݵ䣬񱤵ǿ˵صףַŲһ磬̤Դ׷ɱһˣһ̤֮ضҪѣο˵Ѫ֮
ŵһ˸εѣȻҲӲɱĶˣַԼԼϣѹַ㡢вַ㣬Ϊַη壬ȴַɱһɱɱҲɱȻҪҵﻹҪ飬ǵͨͨ
䣡һɱֻԶһӰⲽϣޱȣһɱɱϯ񷡣
ţȺɫһЩǺˣɱÿ¡
ˡˡˡֲɱ˻Զɱȴͣײַϣ絶Ӱ¡
ַ㣬·㲻ߣҹɣڴ˽ɱ
˴ͷ΢֪˭ԭǹɣЩˣ񱤵ˣʱһδˡ
ԭַ㣡ʶ꣬ɱ񱤵ǿߣԵ޵УԽɱˡ
ڣԶȺ߽ɱԽԽֲƬնһɱ֮񱤵ǿߣˡ
֣ʱԶһ˻̤˱ǰ
˿ɫһֻͣϱŽ˾ͺһδʵĽһʣѡ
ǣ콣ʺˣޱ
ԭַ㣬ȻҲ˽ǣǷ֪ޱַ˵¶һĨɫޱȻϵַ㣬пе˭
ַͽޱֻһ֮ԵȻޱеָ˭һ뽣ޱʱԳڣ
Ҳ֪ҲġַЦŻӦޱ΢΢ͷţһսδ꣬ҵ
һսδꣿַʶ˾ȻͽޱսǾǷǳֲţ


1117 
ַŽޱ΢Цͷһ˻ʯеĺںʯ뿪Գ뽣ޱս˴ټޱԷûжԼ¶⣬ɼޱؽּǳСˡ
Ľߣ񣬾˵һɱϣ޷񣬽֮޼᲻ݣη壬ߡ䡢
ַ㣬׼ɡɱַַ֣֮ɱܵܣúľɱ񱤣񱤱˳Цַɱǿߣַ㣬ܲ
񱤹ɣһԵĽޱɵĻʵ
ޱȻҲ֪ޱ
ޱ΢΢ͷ֮˲ˣ±ɱǿһɱԸһ֮ˣѹˣ֮𣿡
˻ɫһ䵭ƺ뽣޹ذɣ
Ȼ޹أֻΪڻ֮һ񱤴˻ľѾã˭˲֪ȻȴҪѹˣ˱ģޱƽȴһĨı֮ɫȺΪм
ɫһݣ⽣ޱ˵ֱӣ֮ˣôǿǶصĳ֮˹ɣҪɱһַȻû⣬ȴԵܣôǿԱַһ֮ˣȻԵѹˡ
񱤵ޱĻʱɫÿǸû˾кβףޱԵˡ
ޱִԲӣ˫гԹǿѹ֮˵ɱɱǿѵ˲ɡʱԶм˲֮һϮ£Եмֳ֮⣬òʣڴߣ⼸ˣʷǷһλŮƮƮӰ㣬˿һ۱Բλ֮С
ҲˡɫһһʷǷŮƮȻɵİŮӦþڵʥŮе֮ѩˡ
˵Ŀⶼϣɵþþ޷뿪ɴ棬Ȼ¶ļ·𴵵ƣܷܷ޹ǣһ˫ˮᡢǳ
ܶоܹ̾ҿɴһݣǺε֮¡
˾Ȼվڹһɻɱַ֮⡣
㣡ַɫһֱӶԷǼɱֶԼֵˣҪڵǿ߶Լѻꡣ
ߡ˶ַһ޳֮Ҳ֮ǣЦ
˵Ķԣ˫гԹǿ񱤵ɱңǣ֮˶֮ǰ㣬ǿɷгԹַ㶢ˣ
ֻǿ޳֮ЦһֱѩаĽ֮ģȻȴ޷õ˴ȴַ㾹ȻŮĹ뷿§ѩЮֶߣַ֮ǣҪַ
ַŲǰˣָıӵ
ţɫһĿһâַ㣺ָ
ַٵһɫȻ˵ɫøȤǰַɱһ񱤵ķԼüλ񱤵ǿߣָָڵǿߣɵǣ˵Ϊķһؾ硣
صָűӺڵǿߺܵȴ̼ɫĿԽԽ·Ҫַ䴩
˵һ飡˵׵ɱŶ
ַɫ糣ԵޱȵĮɶŶԷҪأ浱𣬻񱤵Ҳˣ̤֮֮ǰΪԼɣ˶Ϊ衣
˵Σٲҳȥɣַ³һڣ˵ĽŲһ磬ǰ˳¡һѵ촫µĴسƣɱͬҵ˳һĺַ㡣
һĻ񱤵¶µɫȻڵ˴ǳֻɱַ㣬Ҳ⡣
˵ĶԣȻгԹôǿ
ַ³һŲͬǰһ̤ûпֲı죬ȻȴпռĹХ·һĪͬһǰƣȻ֮ơ
Ȼõ죬츳ǷаѹֶԷɱķ
ڵЦ̣ĺѿ
䣡ԵŰһƳַȥĿֲͬʱ·һεӵӶȥ
ַŲƽȳǰشƣԽԽ£ȻĽ£ȴһɫĹ⻪˸
ʲôɫһĿɫĹ⻪ƺһſӡ
ڵĹ֮ڲͬʱʹһЩܹѿǳѵЩϹ⣬ӣ
ֻڵдһĨЦǲͣ䶯ţƺ֣Ⱥȴȴַµӿʼˣ촫һӶ˲ַΧȴûǰַ㣬߶ʲôϹԽԽֲٱޱȴ׳
ַޱ飬һŻȼն𣬿ֲĻ·ҪһУĽŲɲͣǰ˵壬ԽԽ
ߣ㻹ߵĶ𣬽ɣҸһ³ʱ첻ϣֲٽַ˶棬ʵʵַˡ
У³һ̼䣬һޱȼУ׼סַ㣬·ʱܴ̳
ڵֶιȻǷɫһӵ̫棬ڵʥʣһ԰һ硣
ҹ㹻ʸ𣡡³һַԼԹ
ʱ˰ϧַǾٸһЩҲܹ˶Կϧ̫ͣ˿ֲ٣ַѲôֲдɱȥַˡ
Ц񱤵ǿ߶·𿴵ַ
ޱĿƽͨأ˴ַԼսԼܣ
ڵǿߣԵɫƽʥŮѩһĻδֹɱַ㣬ַʵĻҲûҪˣ


1118 ̨ϵ
СѣҲڴ˽ڵЦ³֣Сɱ
͡͡гַɱȥٿַ㱻˿µдУ嶼Ҫ̵ǧٿסΡ
Ȼ˿̣ȴַ㱻޾ٲƵ΢΢£Ų̧ǰ㣬ƺҪ̤һơ衣
䣡µĺɫŷһеϢȺֻ̼ɫ·ʱܶѰ㣬һޱУҲĻʴ
ڣַĽŲһǰˣ˵һ죬·пֲĲγϮȥشƴޱȿֲѹַһ̤ϵɫҷ̼仯ޣЩɱУҲţ·ǹɴ֮
ţ˿һĻͷһô£ǹɻ桭ôǿ
ʱַֻԡںɫĻ浱УŻϢȻڵǿΪأɫǿֲģǿ󣬵Ҳһ˲佫еһжɣ
ʲôڵĿ񣬸ղŰŻģƺУ̼佫ͬɫݻٵ
ҸоħϢһ˵һʱͷһݣĹأһЩаħ֮ǳ˼ַ㽫֮ڻ浱Уɱ׽ˡ
ûħϢ˵ͷȻȴѩ˫¶ɫĽħϢΪܵһϢʴһеĻ
ˣɫδӰַ۵شƣĽŲٶǰһ磬һѹĻڵϣַֻ̽޾Ļ֮ڵĶڲô˵ǿʢ
꣡ͺһʱ޾ɫĴӿַȥͬʱԼסͬϼ겻͸
ַȵĳǰɫĻ͸һеĻУ͸ѩֱֲֿ֮ܵûɫУȫݻٵֱӴ͸˷겻͸ɫϼ룬ŶԷɱȥ
֣ŭһȴַ΢΢һһҵĽ屻ַ㵥־ֲķħӡʧȺſ棬ַŶԷĺֲĻԷļ粿ʴˣ¶ޱʹɫ
ʵַеĮ³һղһֱ겻ϳ裬˿ȴϣһоڲԡ
˫ץַƣƺҪ⶯Ȼַʺ΢΢̼һҽ֮˿̵ķ֣ߵȴͬһַڿУʱ
ſ
֮˿ͬ鱻ַ裬ʱŭţɱַ
ַ̧ͷĮɨ񷹬ڵȺһۣҲʲôöҪʱǲŰƨƿУȴҪҷˣЦ
Щϣе꣬Ҫأֻվڵɱȴɱڵˣ
ڵˣɱΪУԷĶַ㡣
ø״ñӣղҪɱңô˵ΪУΪɱҵʱһԲսѹǲöڵ𣿡ַĮӦ
ڵļλ궯˸нַΧ֮ƣΨѩûг֣ǾĿһз
Ųˣڵǿ͸в֮⡣
ڣ̨𣡡ʱԶһֻһӰٵĳ˸
졣ַ㿴һǱߣ⣬ɰԣԼ꣬⣬صǿߣ̨ʮһλһͽ̤ϵ䲻࣬Ϊڰʮһ˵Уغصǿ߶С
ַ㣬ֵ̨ܵˣַ΢Цŵ˵ͷһӰ۵糸˲Ϣߣڵ˷Χ档
ԭַ̨ˣʯʺʵĵһͽѹ˵ãܹɱķڵǿߣ
̨ȺϵޱþƸ΢¶µɫԽԽȤˡ
ַ̨ˣղɱһ񱤵ˣһڵǿߣһ֮ǣûߣߣǲ̤֮ǵģ˵ת֣俪ʼһ̤֮ǵǿߣҪôˣҪôΪߣеٮٮߣ֣ǿؾǿ󲻿һһ
δ̫˰ɣȻ˶в̨֮ˣɰĿɨڵˣǳˬ
˿ˣһʹڣʹ˰ݣڵɲģҪַˡ
˵ˣҺвַĮ³һ촫·˹ͷַ˲һҽһɿµĻڣҪɱ
㡭
ڵһŲɱ̨ǿҲ̤һһϢѹɨƬգüѹ
ң֮ĿãҪɱȣܣܣҪΪ𣬿սǣӲҪڣ̨Ϊµĵط𣡡
ַ㻰£¡촫ֲĻ𣬶ʱҽϣڵǿȼڻлЩڵǿɫࡣ
ǰִ֮ɱ񱤣ľϵ̨
ڣľ˵Щδǣַˣη壬ο֮Լ̨θɣǶԷΣˣ


1119 
ңڵŭȳַ㣬ǵ潫ڵ˻ɱˣд
˶ɱˣʲôҲңַЦҪأԥֱɱ
ɱˣ˰˹ǣ˵ɱɱˣǲַ֪ԷĳԹֻΪַΪղŵĳͻŽԷɱģδҲ̫ˡ
˭ҪɱңɱȫӦţȻҪɱҵˣñɱ׼ˣַһϣʱ˵ҷڻ֮лΪʧ
ַԵлصҪɱȻû˻ֹ׼ǷУɱɣַʲô˼ɡ
ɵɫղַɨһ񱤵ȺһۣڸǣҪɱ
ȻˣǽյҪһ̨ĸͽڵļλǿսȼգҪַ˿ս
̨ǲɣҪսսǣɰֿ󣬺յɱϵײ֯˸о䣬·սһ
̨Ҫ۹ѣȻӲ񱤼սҪ񷹬ֶԸ̨ˣת˲䣬̨ƻΪˡ
֯һƸӸˣ¶Ȥɫû뵽ܹ󱲿սȻʮ־ʰɣɶ
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ַڵ˵Σ󱲵ǣһֵˣսʣǲ£ֻãΣԼ츳ŬԼˡ
ԣ̨˲УڴˣֻܹʵˣȻ֮һ
ǺãڣֽѵһЩŵͽڵǿ
ǻӲ𣡡ڴʱһ˿˵֮ˣȴ£ԭ֮˾ȻڵʥŮѩ
ҪôԼ֣Ҫôѩƽٴοڣղؾַ㾳ͣ±ɱѾڵˣԼѩ޻˵ȻһԸ̨񲻽˳Цڡ
ڵļλɫӲʦãѵǾôŹ
ˣʦˡѩĮ˵漴һ⼸ˣҲһ
ڵʥŮýĸԣа̾ѩȻмڵֶԸ̨Ⱥ
ǼڵϱĪ⣬ĮɨַһۣϣܺúõĻţ
˵գǱصѩߣվûΥѩĽʦãǼǰĽ˿˿ηӰòʡǿ츳ԼһŽ֮ģѩǿ󲻽ֻΪ֮츳ͬʱҲΪԼĽִš
ģһúܺáַӦһ漴Ŀת񱤵ȺŹɵҪս𣿡
񱤵˳˿̨ǿߣռƣȻսҲη壬йԼʥڡ
ʱޱͻأĳһӰĶߵһޱ΢΢ͷʾס
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Ϊ⣬ޱ˿ǰǺ⣿
ҽҲһЩ˻ľĲſ֮һͬǰ񱤵ڡܷɽľ欣Ǵ˿ضǰ·ϣҽλһͬǰһ콣Ž
ޱǴһĨŵЦ⣬ţЩ˻Ըǰġ
Ȼ콣Žʱ˫˸һâŽǵȻҪʶһһݺµ콣ʣУ񱤵ԼԶŷ徹ȻҪȥˣޱ˼ƺţнҪƻˡ
룬Ըݷ¶ԹɺЦ˵ƽ׽ˣ·ղŵĲѾΪȥ
ԸѩȻܾۿ콣
ַ㿴һֻۣĿ˸¶һĨڴɫɵЦܵ룬֮ң̨Ըǰһۡ
ãλˬ죬··ޱЦԵȿ粽ߡ
ɨַһۣ㲻֮ǣ˭Ȳ㣬̨֮ˣڿ쵽ˡ
ɱ֮𣬱رɣң̨ˣȫҪɱõʲôԤԣԤߵ棬̨֮˼
ַüͷͬһֱӹɣɱ֮ļǿʢҪɱҹΪӵʥӣкܴв
ɴ˵꣬첽ǰߵޱԣЦޱ֣˴νǰȥһ콣ǰŽǷ⣿
ɵĻʱȻԵ޹ʵǣԵɣֻǲʣ˿̹ʳҲ֪
ŽХֹƿնȥҽһĪչλǸĿܣˣʶǽܱȣ˴λҪλŽΪλ᲻ͣХ֮
Хֹƿգ
һݣ콣֮ŽεܳԽʥĴڣƿնȥһ̣ж˱뷨ЩûܵҲŶ˽ȺҲУǽ֮ƿյĻ
ЩƵ꽫Žɣ֪ޱǺ⣬ǽ֮ƿգӦ÷ϢǣѵҪ᲻ɣ
ޱĻɾţ뷨Σ콣ʵŽһҪһۣҲ棡


1120 ڣ
콣֮λڽǳУַ˵֮ʱδνĽֻһ޽£صף·һŲأҪƿ
һޱȾ޴Ľվھ޽ǰȺоԼСон֮ţ¡
ַĿһâ޽ͬԺеþмֲ֮ľ޽ϴصУأѵӰ콣£ֻ˵˹Ħǵ֮ͨĿֲ
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ﬣһ֮һھ޽룬ֲĽ·Ҫնѣ漴ֻǾ޽ֿ¶һ·
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޽ȻһС磡
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ַͷңϵĽ·Ҫ͸⽣֮Ǳٻ־ΥĽصĸоһȻ
ʱ̤뽣ˣÿ˶вͬвͬĸ򣬳Ƭ硣
콣ʣǧһˣ콣֮ڽϵĳɾܹԽɸп˵һǿ׵ĻǷģǧǰϽǿߵľأһС磬˽硣
ڽ޽һ꣬ٳ޽꣬ʵԽǿԽԽ̣Խ൱ʮ꣬ʮ꣡ѩҲ̾һ˵ɲݵҩɾǽá
Цޱʮأȴɲ뽣ţޱ̾һ
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վǻһۣں˵ϣһ
ȷŮȻȴ˷Ե
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ܷɽϹŷ壬Ů棡
ŮԣһˣͷϴŶңұԵɴڵסǴӲĿʾ˵֮һ
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Ҳƽʱǵߣǵ׽֮ˣǵѣֻǵĵˣжпܡ
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֮⣬һ˵Ŀ⣬˰վǣûаϢȴһֲʵĸоƻã·ʱʧһָоء
ЩУַŮ˿ۣʱ֪ŮӾȻܷɽϵŮ棬һ¶ʵգӵеߵȻ֮֮ѩ˿иҿѩɴ˵գַ
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1121 
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̤뽣ڣУﲢûһĸûʣҲûоĿֲǰǲƵǽڣɻɣΪ
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콣ʵĽ𣿡Ⱥɫƽһ¾ɵĹ֮еĽѾû˽ʡеĽƣֻǶϽﲻǽⲻ콣ʵĽڣЩӵ棬¶˻ȥ
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ΪΣ
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1122 Ŀ
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һɫһ⽣ڣУԭһڻ֮У·֮һеĽݡ
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ȷҶˡɰԿӰŮˣΪ⶯Ψַ˿̿Ц˿ѩת߿Ŀֱַϡ


1123 ս
ѩڵַ㣡
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ҵܾˡѩ³֤ʵɰԵĲ²⣬ΧȺҲɫһѩվһйۣ֮Ȼһֱڵȴַ㣿
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1124 컯粨
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ҵ㡣ַõĻӦ漴ѩſѩַӰٴγ˵ߵУ漴ѩͬӰƮȻȥַҲ뿪·һĬ㣬ȺޱȺ棬ղǽߵˣ׷ʲôѩӾôŹ
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һ֮󣬾ݿɿϢѩڴϢҪһ컯𾪽ǡ
컯֮컯ȥ̥ɱ䡣
ϢھӦѩƣ˵Ϊ漰ѩַĶսѩӵĳ룬һ컯ַ㣬ṩ˿컯ı֮ԳƣҪѩõ컯ٶս
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񣬿¼սʤѩõ컯ҲΣУһֶΣ̫ݶˣ
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1125 
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1126 ڵİԵ
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1127 ֮
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1128 ɱ֮
ֲħ·Ҫ֮ǣħϢֻ֮Ƭ֮Ƭ֮ɰʥִ࣬ϾѩףմȾħϢѩɫвĺڰ֮ɫ·Ҫ֮ǵ
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Ȼѩֱٻ֮壬Ԫǿޱȣͨˣս޷սذɡ
ħħ֮һּǿܹͨһƬµħħɱһУԷ壬Է
ѩȻҲܵħǿ󣬿ֲ֮ϵĴӶ͸֮Уħʴֿµħ֮ȻȫܹԿ֮ӵ֮ͬû֮ǿΨħİԵ
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1130 黯
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ѾѪǣүүޱĿ⿴ǿߣ¶һĨԸɫ
ޱ֪ϣԼյĻԻͣҲڴһֱɳȥҵգȻҪףǽһһϵıµһЩǽѾˣԣ֮⣬ͬҪôãóˣҪֽĻԻͣ
ǿ˸ŷĽâһĨǿҵڴ֮⡣
ǴүүǲһܹƣαҪðգޱֵ
˵ˣ콣ʵ־Ѫܻѳƿصġ˵һĨǿҵִ󣬲įȥˣ񣬽ǵǹɻѾѹ˽ͷϣȥսһս
ڣ
һŭ֮ڣ̼䣬һɿֲĽ֮ͬʱһĨޱǿҵѪղţˣѪѪ
ǵҪΣַɫޱȱ䣬âҪˣȻȴǿ߽½ס뿪
ǰӰתޱĴүүַ㣬ĿڶʱΪޣлɱЩҶ㶯ֵˣ
򲻴ҲҪֻᡣַ㶢ŶԷ֪ԷҪʲôˡ
ߣɲ㣬ΪһԱΪһޣҫڣɣ˵ɫˣݲַܾ
ܷҿǼ죡ַĿ⽩Ӳĵ
ȥǿߵ¶˵ɫʱַֻоԼһƬĽ֮У·ʱܻᱻɱ
ַɫӲޱȣûѡ񣬶ԷʱܽɱȻһ߽ڣ֪ǿܽζʲôҲΪū
Ϊ콣ǣΪūӴˣһݳΪǿߣкã
Ϊʲôңַʵ
Ϊѡ㣬ҫԷĻش𣬺ȵȥɣ


1133 ħ
ҫַɫ䣬ΪūڶԷзҫˣ
ӿԵɱ⽫ַѹȵü޷Ϣֻĵٲȥǲȥ
ַӵо⣬ĶŶԷȻֻƽĿڶԷУΪûзء
ãҽȥַҧ漴̧ŲŽڣȥ
ӣҲı䲻ˣܹΪҽ׼ĪҡһĮַŲ̤˽ڣ콣֮ء
ڣŻıպϣֻЩǿϥϣޱ飬ȴϵǽˣǱ콣ʳΪ֮õ콣ʣ۳꣬ͨ콣ʵϽֻͨҪõַӴ˽ķԾ
޽εȿ£Ǻڴڴҫַϳ֣ȻʱַѾڵַˣ콣֮ҲǽһԱα
ַ̤뽣ڣ̼䣬֮ϵĽٶȷХ֮һɿµ콣⣬ֱָ
ڻм䣬Ǳ֣֮Ѫ⣬ޱǿҵѪ֮Ϣǽ֮Ѫ¡
ˣһĽŶǾͷų貵Ѫâ·Ҫ̵ַ
˻Хַֹ·ܹܵı⽣Ѿ۳˽꣬ӵԼԡ
ƺҵ塣ַɫһ·ܹܵ
أһХֲ֮֮ȻХֹһ޷ϢƬռ䣬·ܵȾҲ·Ҫ⽣ڣͱƣƿƬء
ˣ貵Ľâַ㣬ǶĿ֮ڻַָ㡣
ַȻˣܹǱ죬ֲ˲Ϣ١
ˡˡڲһɰԵ׵ϢȻ佫ڣ֣Ǳ·ͣ£漴ħַ嵱ƿնַָںϵħһ̣ħƺܵв϶ΪһƷħʯķӡˡ
ַɫ󺧣ȫǺˮ̫ˣղ·оҪֱڣֱַ콣õҪΪسɽūûеֿ
ǹϢ˭ģַɫһղҪڵʱܵһɰԾصĿֲϢǹϢȻֻǳ˼ݵ˲ˣ˿һоûˡ
ħգţ֮ƺЩɡ
ˣһɿµһŶֻųһϻ⣬һ̷·򽣶Ҫ£ǽ֮޷죬ûнܹϡ
ħħ·ѹסϣֹ
գַʹħ⹫ɽħպ¼սһλǿΪں϶ɵǿʥǿѾħħпֲħԣ¼ҵһǿһΪţѹھŽ£ƿ˷ӡõħ
˵ħںһλǿߣӵ˻꣬ħ죬ǿȻ֮ʤһ콣ΪʱõĽ߽նƵأ۳ԼĽ꣬ͬлһǽ֮ʣħɲ磬ѹơ
貵Ļ⽵٣򽣳һɿֲ·ҪеıȥħͣĲģ·ڣһ촫ֻħ֮ϣȥֲħţħŭ֯һ𣬽Űա
䡢䡢䡭ϵĺŽڣڣһ޴Ķڣ涼ڲͣĲ
ַɫӲȻֲϢһʱ̣ڣħȻ뵽֮У֮ı㣬·һħǣòϢ
ɣַ΢΢鴤̫Եˣ޷죬ӵԵħȻ֮ǿںˣ˵ˡ
ַ˵ĳ嶯һǿʥôûˣ˿ƺùĵģԼ
һǿޱȵϢ֣ںϵ֮·ҲܵɿֲϢַָĽ⣬ֲϵҡַ㣬һϵΪںħ
ãһã֪Σ
ڴʱһ̾Ϣַ֮ͻȻ֣ڣжһˡ
ţַɫһͣˣֻһ֮Եϴ뿪ڣʱͷһۣһڽڣĲ̬ߣǰ֮ˡ
˿ɨ㣬ڴɨڣȴ̾Ϣֹ
ң콣ʺεҫĺ˾ǣҪһ𡣡˴ɨŽڣĻҳ̾Ϣϣомֿɱ֮⣬Ϊ콣ʶɱ󣬾Ȼϣ콣ʵһϣ˱
֮ѣ漴ַ㾪ķ֣Ǳ޷ĽȻƯ̬˵ߣļͷƺǰ㣬ǰ
ַγ鴤һȻûаϢ·һûΪ֮ˣһŲ̬ɫַ˿ӡ
һɨصĲͷﵣǰ֮ƣ㲻ҪΪǿͨʹ⽣ˣֻΪڽڣɨɨʱ䳤ˣͽ˸飬ǣģԣҲи飡
ͷҡͷ˵ָ֮Ǳ˿֮̽˸
ԣԣ۳Ľе˼
ŹˡַֹɨڣˣôҲǸͽ׵߰ɣĻɱ˿ƾֵϣϰ
ǰΪ΢أΪūҲ콣ǰĽַ˵鶼ѾָԸΪū
˿ַһۣ漴¶һĨܵЦ⣬ַһСӣɣ
˵ţԼɨ˵ϣֱȥ̬ӣ·һλ̬ߣ


1134 ˽
ַ㿴һԾڶԷͷ֮΢΢鴤£ɻܸоҪ֮ߣҲֻҪһͷԼͽΪū
İɣ⽣ҪΪˣҸղħںΨһҲһϢԸȡΪūˡ˵˵ƺҪַַЦŵͷΡ
ǰ֪Ϊˣַʵ
ȿȣһ̫ԣ漴̧ͷַ¶һ˿ǸЦݣʹˣСѼЦˣֻһɨڣĲˣ⽣ڣУҺô˰֮ãҲ˵Щаʱ⣬ٸҹҹ˵콣ʱû˭Ҹ˽ˣǵܹס
֮ãַĿһֻۣǸͨڽڣЩ֮꣬ѹ֮˵ˡ
ˣղţΪζҳַ֡㿴һֻ֮΢΢£ŵַ΢΢£һв
Ǻǣ⽣ƤС֡˿Цҡͷ֮ˣֻ֪ǽ֮Ϊ˫ȴ˽ʱ䣬콣ʹô˽۽ʱ䲢ʧ٣ˣĳԣ⽣꣬ͬĺͯӵƤԡ
Ƥַһʹõľ˾ȻƤݣʵԶԣˣҽ콣ʵĽкͯ
̾˶ýȴûȥ˽⽣ıֻ֪ҪСѳΪū˲ϵ̾ϢҡͷͯȻϾӵԼ֪ģ罣콣ʵĺˣˣǿ߶ԽʱҲֹΪˣŸҵūСѲұѡˣСһȻԸΪ˽ʺˣʹ
ء֮ʵ죬ڱХַɫһͣѵͬ˵ֻ֮Ҫ｣ǵʹΪ
ǰĻգַһ
ǳ̾ϵҡͷƺǳʧ֮ˣΪǽʺˣΪԼýʵǶǽäǶýƿؽ֮
ý
֮˵ý֮ԱǣȻһ˽֮֮õˣַȴ޷ҲԼͽһ
ôЩҪƿýǺɨ£ǣӵнĽֻ콣ʵĽܹʹ˵ģǸûȥͽ򽻵ûȥԼĶֻһζҪƾ轣ӳǿǵս뵽ҽū޴ֶΣǳ֣СһֻΪԱֳһЩѰĵطԣˣΪѡΪūȴֺҴ⽣˼
ⲻʱ䣬ַҲ֪̾Ϣ˶ҡ˶ԴҲ˶Խ̫ʧˡ
ǰǽ𣿡ַһ
ǣֻһɨ֮ˣˣ￴ң涼֪˻Ӧ
ַа⣬˵ˣȷ飬һ˵Ϊǿƾ뽣ľԽѾ˽ǿķˣں嫵ĽУҲΨܹ֮ˣһɿֲĲƸȴ˷㣬Žɽū
СӦҲ޽ɣ˶ַʵ
ַʼ磬˵У˶ýԼ޽
޽ַЦ
ԷƱʵǿƾСһѾ֤ЩԴǿˣ㣬Ǹʺ޽˵ĻַоЩܳҲֻõ㡣
һ˴뱲ӣʲôڼǵʵһ֣ϵĽ־ͷŸҿ˷ַĻ
áַ˵ͷ漴վź˺һЩصĽ־һ̺εŶؼ価ǽںХɱһƬýڣеҲźХ
صΪصĽ־ɡ˽ַٻأʵԽ˽𣿡
ǰַҡͷ֪Խ˽ⲻࡣ
ΪĽ־۷֮󣬵Ϊ
֮壿ַ˵˾䡣
޾֮ͬˮ塢ľ塢׵塢֮塢ռ塢ɰ塢°塢ֻذ壬֮ǣ˵֮𣿽֮壬ʲôһ𣬽֮־Ҳ
ûн֮壿ַɫһҲ˼֮壬ʲô
֮壬ٶ磬Ϊ٣壬˹𣬷أ°壬¿٣еţǣ˵֮壬ʲôʣַĬ
֮壬ʲôһһɱ־ߵͷûǰ·
Ϊ˳нޣԽ޹£ԽڵĽޣԽֲ
ַ㷢֣Խ
˿ַĬɵ¶һ˿Ц⣬㲢ǳԼؾ磬ܿɹΪѾأߵһЩͨҲӦ˽ˡ
㲻˽⽣ǰ·㣬˽𣿡ʡ
ߣַӦ
һλߣֻһְ𣿡
Ȼ˲ַֹش
ûߣͬΪ࣬п֮𣬱Ĳ࣬౶ģ˶ְİǷǿ󣬱磬һóͨˣһó°ǿߣܱ𣿡


1135 
ַĬȻϿ˵Ļͬߣǿ޷Ტۣ֮ͬƷ׵ģֵҲȫͬϴξϷóö֮֮һİ֪֮˶ٱ
Уͬľ磬˶ְˣȻҪʤֻһְˣǱȻߵĲ࣬
֪ߵν綨𣿡Цַ㣬˿һһƺū֮ȴ۵ˣַҲڲ֪ıָ㣬ȻԸ
Ȼǿ壬Լְ֮ˣ츳ַ
ô˵ɣȴҲȻҲԽԽãҪƿأţͣȴǿƽӹ֮ˣߡȴ˵֮Щ󣬵ͣҲСЩˣȴΪ磬ѣһˡ
磬Ҿһõʱ⣬ʱΪأȻһս֮£ɱн֮׾٣ս߽ףΪ˰壬һ֮ɶһ¾ӴΪҲͻͽһ·߸ֱ֤Ϊʣͨ裬˿⣬ν֮ţ
壬һ¾
ַ𺳣ˣ֮ɣű˵ˣҲʱȴֶԷ
ϧ֮˲һζ׷ȥԴȪʱֻʵ䷴׷ǿĽͼǿĽͼͽūȴȥ׷󽣵ıʣ콣֮нԶ
ҡͷ̾ϢĿȻ콣ʣĥ򽣡ʮһý£
ĥ򽣡ʮǺ⣿
ƺַɻ˼˵콣ţʱ۵伮ĥ½нʽϰ֮󣬾ͨȻȴȻѡӴˣ겻ִֻ򽣡򽣾ʽ֮־֮󣬽ִȴ̽ɱˣʮʱ䣬ȥ
νַ
Ҫع㣬˵ߣ߾磬ǰ·ǸǸխˣΪ߱ҪƿذЩԲǿƿһͨĻ֮壬ôʹԵĹҪܶ࣬Ҫ֪ǿĹֶΣиԵƣ֮壬ʹûԵĹֶΣܷǿǵõԵɱ֪ǿޱȣȴ޷
һЩƿ˺üְˣľ޾ҪСܹܶ࣬ʹøǿĹֶΡ
֮Уǽ֮ˣ£ޱȼɵԣηǿĽޣǣǿ׵Ľޣȴ̫ˣǧҲֻ콣һ˶԰˻Ķѣ콣µľȴûгֹǿޣһһ
ΪǿĽܹǰֲ˼ɵΪǱῴ֮Уͬʥһ̻ʥưɹɰȵȣûصԣֻбԣͺñղǱħӵħԡ
ַ˼ȷĽûкʥһĹȨȣܹ䣬ģܽա
ҪĹ֮ٵ漴ַԣ
ַɫһָģ֮Ǿ˾ȻǱԡ
Сһȥ˶֮һַԣСһ
֮漴ĳǰȻַǰ档
΢΢鴤£ַ֣ǽת£ŵַһ£֮ûнڣǰ棬Ľϣһַ̣ͻȻһǿޱȵ֮⣬·ܹؼǿܡ
ÿֲַкݺݵ£ָо̫ˣУ뽣һϤ֮УӦħɺ¡
ǷоܣԷӳκοֲڣ׵Ц˵ַһӣʱһޱȿֲ׹ӽţɫâҪϹ˵۾ַ΢΢鴤£漴͵Ľջء
ÿֲҾܷӳ׵壿ַɫӲȻ֪׵岻ġ
ʹúٶȣַüͷһâ¶漴һ£δѾǵأҪڣ⡣
һַ̣֪ҪˣһնܱأǺ
㻹ҪҪһ˵ռ壡ЦԽŨַ˵
ˡַҡҡͷֻ֪Ҫһռ幥
𣿡ʵ
ʱַеĽַɳ뿪ƿأַЦ
ְ̺ԸҪĳһֶֹΡ
˵˵ͷûЩʥ֮ȻЩǳǿ󣬵̺һضǿ󹥻ֶΣĽһӵиְͨǰǣԼҪ㹻ǿԣǿĽޣη塣
еİ岢ǽеİɣַشǰҲǰ֮ˣԶԽƳ磬ΪǱ֮
ԣ콣ʣʮԽĥ򽣵ʱ֮͡˲̬ĿдʱһĨԷθִ֮⣬а塢ռ塢׵壬ɣִ֮ӳֶֹΣûκƣԴֲֻֿҪ㹻ԣ˺ˡ


1136 ͽ
ˣַɫ૵ƺһЩʲô
ޣȡֶΣһԼǿͨȻڽ֮УֶͨΣ轣ְ۽꣬޽֮ˣӽνĽˣȻֶΣͬޡ
˵ľޣְܹǺεȾ׵츳㲻޽һޱȿֲġַа⣬Ȼ⻰Ȼǲ˵ģɣڶַΪ޿٣Уͨһֶַȷʵֲ
ѣԽԽѣ츳ü󣬳츳ǿִԼԣЧžǿСԽľ磬ԽҪԼһѰ֮Լ޷кãֻ˸õ֮ѣһֵİ򵥣ͬʱְԣһˣ츳֮ˡ
꣬𵽺ãַʵ
޵֮ʱ֣ĳԣӰ޵ˣӵߣٶԸߣ֮־֮ٶȰ壻ӰӵߣʺӰӰ壬걾ҲһǿֶΣ԰ӵмӳãңܹ꣬ӰְܹһЩܹܻ꣬һЩǿʣ
ĵĶַ͵ַΪм
СȤϰ֮𣿡Цʵַɫһܹ轣԰ԼȺôôܲϰ
ǰԸͽ̣ȻԸַ㹧ĻӦһ
ãɵֵҴ֮˶ַ΢΢ͷ漴ü֮һâ֣üģַ㣬ֱû뵽ûеַֿԺС
۾ַӦԺжļ䣬һЩʱ̣ĿٴȴȻһĨ𾪣죬΢Цˣһԡ
㻹Ըѧ𣿡ЦЦĿַ㡣
ַĿˣЦ£վǼᶨĵ˵ͷԸ⣡
Ի꣬Ҫý׵壬Ҫý׶죬ĻҲų׺䶥֣֮ܵ׵罣꣬Ӵ˱׵壬㱾Ҳ׵ĴȻȻܹͨ귢׵幥ʹ࣬ܵ𣿡
Ի꣬Ҫý壬ҪýޱǿĻ˿ĻҲųǿķգյ潣꣬Ӵ˱壬㱾ͨʹû湥ʹ࣬𣿡
ÿһֽ꣬ʹýӵְ壬ȣԼĻҪֿµգ콣ʮ߱½Ѱǿ׵棬ȥ콣꣬˳ɻǰһս˻޵УӶ֤Ϊʣ㣬ҳʹ𣿡
׷ַ㣬ȴ˿̵ַĿ峺ɫͣĵ˵ͷ
вͶ֮£磬ֶܹΣǿȡۣܲңû⽣䣬ҳʹ࣬ȴҲòҪģǰһᣬ᲻ϧ
ַվ΢΢֮ʵһµĽ䣬ӵ컯ȡ֮׵罣꣬Լְ彣ֶ꣬οˣԹǿĽޣԶӵޱȼ֮־ͬһء
˿ַĶοЦ£ҡͷ̾ɱЩ֮ˣ콣¹ལ֮ǣȴǣһζǴ콣֣˼ʵԼɱ
ַĬȻǰйԣһָߺˣֻΪڸҲˣгֹһλӴ½콣ʣ֮˶ھ潣ǵһУµĽѧԼ᱾ĩȫ뽣ޱۡ
ǰΪβϵַ֮ɻʵ
ģֻҪ¶ּҶὫ֮Ҷڵģûз֣ȻУҲǴɨڣĲͷѡҡͷַ̾ԣ󣬿ɱ
ǰһһɻ棬ֻǽ𣿡ַָ֮һݽеļ䣬֮꣬Ļ꣬ΪȻɽ꣬ÿһֽ꣬һְԣҪ轣ְܶͱ۲ͬĽꡣ
ֻǽô򵥣
ַĻ¶һĨЦ⣬΢ЦҡͷҲˣСһǽ꣬˽ɱ䣬˽֮ǣ
ǣ
飡ȻԽһС顢ֻ⽣飬ɣȽƤ
飬ǣС
ͬһ˼
Ҫ𣿡˶ַЦʵַɫһ
ԴַЦȻ
Сӡ˿ַΪĶҡͷЦСһСལں϶Ľ飬֮ģ̫ǿƿͻ˱ˣûкô
ҿԲֻһ֣Ͷһݱϡ
ֻ룬漴ַֿ㣬Цŵã˵ֻôҸγֵĻᣬֻγ֮ؽڣ
ַųĹʣ˸ͣ˿˲٣һӵǣƿظְ㲻ãƽʱ飬գһСĺСһأ


1137 
ʱַԵЩĥԺСһˣСһﲻСľԼ߲أ
ȻַҲһʹõĻᣬѾǳˣ൱˭Ǽǿߣ֮һһˡ
ǰΡַһ֮ԺͻȻָӲأҪ군
İɣҰ꣬㻰Сһﻹǻҵġ΢Цŵͷ漴֮СһղҵĻҲˣԺֻ˵ʹõһλᡢߵڶλʱιԻؽڣ
˵Ļ£֮ȴڲͣķַָ㣬ַоЩ֣ڿɲ㡣
ȥɣ֮󣬱ؽڣٵֹ֮ƺ¶˿˿ڽڣ֮ϣͣķڣһ貵Ĺʣ¡һҵı֮֮â죬ڣͱһǵƿڣֱ֮ӳ֮⡣
ˣֱַָ֮㣬һ͵촫ֱû뵽ַ嵱С
꣡촫ַ˫ȭգ̼ϱˮ͸
³û嵱УûʲôӦܹΪūĽڽɲǣ˵ȻܣȻַҲ˲ẦҪˣֱýǣʹΪūУش¡
ڴʱڣ֮⣬ΧһȺӰЩһϢǿ󣬶ǽǿߣǴŰ֮Ŀ⣬ǰĽڣǵâʵɲǣǵ嶼ݺݵĲ£֮Ҫַ
ʱһ͵ˣ壬ޱȹݺ֮⣬һѱһģŽڣߵͷ֮֮꣬Ϊˣ¶â
ˣǽһλ޽ˣϣ֮ϣֽٹ⣬ȴ֪֪ĩá
Ȼ˿̣ݵУ˶ַ¶һƣһһŽâ죬ڣϿյƶֲֹʶ̽漴ַЦСһֳôĶΪ֮ˣڣ򽣼հɡ
ãַЦŵ˵ͷ漴һʣش֮صټϱΪʥַԼĽ
ǰΪ֮ã۽ܷ֮ٶȼ֮Ʒסַʵ
֮ղȵ֮󣬽Ի᲻ɱ䣬Ϊͣٶȥƣˣ޷
лǰָ㣡ַͷлĸ飬ضԼǶɽҲһֱԼ֮ˣȻò
ַԼָϣ漴һʱѪ
ָָָʱһѪⲻϵ뽣Уͬʱַ֮˳ûڡ
ҪԻ꣬ԼĻ뽣ںϣʹ֮ӵǧ˿Ƶϵֻ꣬ǵĿǳ׵뵽棬뽣϶ΪһԼĻ꣬
ָϻӡǣַԲллһõľ뵽УָѪ·Ĳ΢졣
ַĻ꣬ȫ֮У뵽档
ϥַſȻƮյУһּĸоͽΪһ壬ֱ˴ˣңͨƬصһȫͬĸо·ڽ֮С
ַĿǣһȴϵӡһƹâӣڽ֮ϣʱ·ǧ˿ε˿߽뽣
ɱַһֺȳʱ֮ж磬һ貵Ľ⻮ƿռ䣬һŶڵ֮ϣڣĵһѷ졣
ǽ䵱֮Ի꣬ǰνֻͨѡַа̾⽣зǿĹֶΣһ棬֮ǿ
һ֮ãַڽڣִʱ⣬˽ڣе⣬û֪ڣ淢ʲô
һ죬ڣ֮⣬ǿڴˣǰĵȴţƺаĵڣдֲĽХ֮Ǻ֪浽׷ʲô´ŭ콣֮
¡¡΢󣬵ŵİȴԵøһ̣һâ貣ĶŽڣĴţڣڿˣ
ǰǿһӵ貵ĹâǷ·ܹԼޱȣˣڣڿˣ֮ɹûУ
һӰӽڣп粽һˣȫ֮޷죬˶Žâ壬貶ҫۡ
潣һʱ˵촫Ȼ˹˵ϣ⽣㲻̫ǿ󣬵ڴ˿ǵĸоУȴޱǿ㣬֮
ˣӰ罣޷֮⣬һ̤ЩһҪǿҲһ·һֱ̤ǵһ
ˡˡˣӰ̤ÿһǵĸһݣϼ鴤Ŀ⣬ĶӰ
£
ͻȻһޱȰԵŭ֮˵첻ϣܿ죬ǿߣһڵϣޱȡ
ޱΨһ꣬˿ַӰڣ˫ϥҲȥˣҪ
ⲻַ㣬֮
һȺĶ棬ӽΪַ㣬ַңٲһ𣡡ԵĮַ³ǿƵǿһĨҲʧˣĹΪ̽齣ڣ֮ȷʧˣһǺַˡ
Ӵˣַ֮㣬˵ַ㣬֮
סޱŰϵĻӦޱȵĹ֮֮ǧǰ֮
ǣȫߣַ˵һ漴ŲͬһʸգɫһҶ˵ʲôһַ˸һ̣·һʣ


1138 նԻ
ޱ˽ڣһֻۣɨڣɨ㣬ʼɨ֮Բʲôɡ
΢΢һޱվҲͬڼǰһȥЩ֮⣬ټĽ󣬾Ȼȫϣһϣֻ֮һѣѵûܹô
ȵ뿪֮ɨĴɨţ뽣ڣУͬʱڣĴţıպϡ
պϵĽڣֻһλֻɨ£漴޵ĿռѾûˣһˡ
֪ãαһҪ޵дһȴδ֣ΪѾԻ
СһʲôˣΪʲôҪҰʵ
ʲô˲Ҫֻй֮ع֮ʱҲĻһǿߣֶܰΪң㲻ҲǿʲôԸ⽫֮𣡡
޵ƮޱߣҲǴӺδڽڣл졣
̸϶ϣ֮ڽڣҲӲЧҶСһӡҲΪ͸кηȨ˵İɣһԵңɲǣϢֹ֣Ҳ֣Ҳϣִڡ
ǣƽ㣬֪˭
ǣһ³һϢɢΣյУҲû˰쳣֪Ѿ뿪
ӣͬһ˰㣬Լɨ㣬ɨŽڣɾЩ˺ѵƬ
ŲĽڣУͣеһжָƽ֪Ǳ뿪֮󣬽ԽڣĹעٺܶ࣬Ժ󣬻ӵ徲
ʱǵУǰַѩս֮أȺԲ֮أȫǿߵӰ
ҹĻ٣Ǻҹһ¹£ƬȻ˿̵¹ȴûô貣ǱһֹâڱĹʡ
貵ʥ֮ʣҫ˷䱻ǿ߿ס޷ڸǵˣʥ֮⣬Ѿü֮ˣú嫵ĽǶΪ֮ڣ˲֪ǿǰ
貵ʥ֮⣬Զһ˶Ӱ˿վڵ֮ϣһϮʤѩһŹΣ֮ʣʥ֮⣬ӰǳŮӣϵ뷲䡣
ڵ˶û뿪ǻһʥŮѩ˳Ϊѩӣϵ֮ƺѾôҫˣбȡ֮ƣǱɹֵľӰ⻷֮£綼ҪʧȥʣˣҲ⣬ʥŮѩӣǰǰâ䡣
컯ʥƷʥҲơѩ૵һʥ֮죬Ѿ컯ʥЧ
ص컯ʥ컯ʥ嵱Уʹϵձǿѩһλߣ˵һѩ΢΢ͷҲôġ
ǹδ̫ǿЩѩ
˲һҪһɳϱǿ츳ִź򣬵һ࣬츳̫Ҫˣ츳᲻ĳɳǵȼߣܻᵮһЩشھ粻ȹ̵˵ǶһЩˡڵǿ˵һмȣѩ磬ѩɣѩڰ˻ľûѩټ
ڵһĮ˵̰֮ɫޣֻͨҲһ˳տ
룬˲һֻǡ
ʱ֪жǿ죬ѩݣǿϳˣϾ⼸֮ǽ֮صʥ̫֮Ũˣ˼ĺ䶯
ǾӰ̨ǿػѾˣʥ֮ƺıϡ컯ʥҩЧҪĹˣһȻ컯ʥҩЧĸɾɼжôֲǱھ
ʱţâԽϡʱкӰǰͼǳԣֻΪ˱̨߱ϳӰӰԼȫڵ˺ڰС
˶ˡ
ԶȺһ漴˷֣Ȼƾճ˺ܶӰԼȫ
׼ˡԶ֮޷ֻ֣ܿţ̨Щкü˷ǳֲȥĻܽǸ䣬ֳȥʸûС
ˡһӰ˸ȫĿڣֲ˭˭ˡ
̨ǿɫ΢΢һͣҲû뵽һֱʥҩֻ֮ػߣЩڶ಻סˡ
䣡һֻһֲĴӡȻɱڣȶˡ
̼䣬ֲϢŶ˴ͷ֣˲Щ֮ĵȫ˸Ŀֱ꣬飬鱾òݣȻĶ
Ҫɱˡɮһ˫ֺʮյУһ޴Ľ۶ɣµĵ
̼䣬ŶһȺгһ΢ǸоԼԡڷ⵱УůӦȾѪȣϵϢ·ڱ
ǰɣɱ⣡ɮһ³֮ͬʱţ⻯޼᲻ݵĽУ˲еͽ֮˱ᡣ
¡¡˷ս˲Ϣ׵ıͬʱԶգһ貵ĽâһΣһ׷֮ˣǼ˽ǿһЩڣַΪūƻһǿߣĺģ


1139 һ
컯ʥʥ֮⣬λúǵ伮мصһࡣʱһ֮ƺڹʾˡ
˵Ļ£ʱ˳ӰˣȻж²⵽һЩȻȴûһ֮ڿڣױˣ˵㷸һЩɻ䡣
Ȼ֮Ըҳ֣ʵҲֻŰ˻ľûһ壬򣬱û˸ö֮ˡ
ԣһЩֲߣǵˣǵԺУЩһЩԶŵļ䣬ּ䣬Ϊм䣬ǣܹɼھǽǾء
ץסΪСȺ֮УǵٶȴʱԽķ̨ǿüͷ𣬸оЩģǿߣԽԽˡ
Ⱥ˭Ƚ·ݺݵĶЩӰаѩɵݣټӰգҲѹֻ˵ķ
ݡݡݡ
ڴ˿̣յУ·Զδս̧֮ͷԶһ̣ǵĿȫһ
Ľ⣬Զ쵽˼ĵزֻһݵһ˲䣬ԶĿ½⣬˽ǰһױȵĽ˵ͷսĻ
ǿ̧ͷȥ漴ǿΪ׵ӰĿⲻɵ΢΢һ͡
ַ㣡
ַ㣬ˣŻˣңַ󣬻ֲĽޣмˣ翰ƿ£Ϣ
ˣ
ȺɫһЩˣһǽˣǳ˽֮⣬ܻһǿĽȻΪλַһ֣
Уһ°ַһѵǽ
ʱƺԽ˷벻ףַ㱻°֮󣬵׷ʲô
ֻ˿̵ַһ뿪֮ʱַˣƺҲͬһһЩеӰ·𲢷һȺˣһ
ʱַӻתգ˸ղ˵ĺӰ֮ϣöȺ˵ĺӰɫһַУ˿ֲɱ⡣
ɱһĮַ³Ļ£һޱ貵Ľŭɱ񷶼նһ϶Ⱥ·ֻһ׵£Ϳ˵ĺӰ屻һѪ֪ôġ
¡̿ˮһ̣񱩵սͻأƽϢ˶ͣסˣǶеЩӰ˵ַ㡣
һλǿ侳ǿߣ˲䱻һɱˣ˵ֵҽ֮ߵΪؾɼˣжǿһж졣
ôʹöǿߣȺоЩЩ˶ַ̫ˣǻѡ
̨˿ַҲ£漴ǶЦһȻ𺳵ķʽ
·ܵʲô㣬˫ǳҪ۾ַ㣬˿˿ˮ漴ЦˣЦúܲãַãҲá
ѩʱҲַ㣬ͬ磬ΪڵʥŮ֮Ůַܸ㣬ַ𺳵ķʽҲƺǿЩ͸һ֮⡣
ַֻĿɨЩԼݵĺӰӵоĺ⣬Щˣ֣
֮ȫɱһַ³һЩǿ΢΢һȫɱ
ǽԪϼʵ죬Ҫɱаսȫɱ⣬ǣЩ˱󣬺ܿܶǣһȫɱЩˡ
ʱһλԪҪ˵ȴ֪γƺַ㣬ΪˣŽϣ
Ԫվǿˣַһ¶֮ɫ
ַֻĿ⻺תϣ貵콣âֻһ³ɱ
Ԫͷ΢΢鴤£ַûַΪūַΪվ֮꣬˵ɱɱ
ŲԪаһ漴Ҳµķ֮⣬֮ˣɱ⣡
ɱ⣡
䣡
Ľ·ҪռƬգ漴ȺЩǿ߶ˣһ֮⣬쵽޷
͡͡Ѫյзֻһ˲䣬кüλ߱նɱ޻
һĻͷ˵ţǿߣַΪִɱ⣡
һգؾˣǽؾ
ܵЩǿߵʵϢĸоһɿ־壬ʼӶЩˣǽľӢǿߣԪϼĿֲڣߣǵĽ£ϵĻꡣ
¹µĴرѪȾ죬̰־ǣЩǿ߿ʼˣûַŽԪǿߣ¾ǵΪʲô˭ܸǣΪνԪǿߣƺַΪ
һŹǲ֮ˣǵַ³һÿ־ӵøѸͣһŹҲҪɱ
ںϽū֮Ҳӵյһ˿档ǿаźϺַ壬ַΪūӦûַܵάӰ죬ַĸ顣
뵽⣬ǿɱ֮ǿһŹԶûвһõսľң˸оֽűΪЩ¾ȺУǵĳ֮˲УݣڣǳɹˣΪһȫɱˣ˭ֲ˭ˡ
һս֮󣬻˭˸ڽǶַ֣
ַվյУɱһ죬Щ˶ҪգһԸ飬ܲû¶̫һֱĮķ̬֮ڽǿߵǰҪǿߵ̬αװԼַ㣬


1140 
ѪƬأʥʥ֮⽥ĵȥ컯ʥҩЧڱȫգ͵ʥ֮һɹȡԶȺվǣܵ΢綼ԵøĴ̹ǡ
ǰǽַ㵱ЩȫΪַЩڵϵģһǿߵʬ
ʵ̫ˣңҹַһֵģǽһǿߣֲԪϼڣۿصǿɱһͨ˵ƮȻһɱǿĽޣٶȻǹٶȣţֻܿݺᣬ彣Ĺ켣
ΪʲôΪַΪ
˲⣬Ǹõ˽ַ㵱콣ʵֻǲ²⣬մַˣǽˣ⼸У׷ʲô飿
ʱַֻתԶȺϣ֮ͬޱǿƣЩ˸оһ˶رַĿ⣬ַӣûг֣Ҳһʬǡ
ںַгԹˣѾܵøɸɾˣڣʥŮѩ߱ǿߣȴֻʣѩһˣһҲΪڶʬеһߣһˣƲˡ
Ƕȥɣ£֪ͨǣҡַŽǿߵķǣףԽˣԽӣԽ㲻ַ㣬ǽȻַ㲻ܳõĽߣɲʱʱ̿ǱԷδΪūַ㣬ԷĽԥָ
ԣҪͽ󱣳һľ룬ʵ󣬱һΪãմǿߣΪЩߣǳԣû뵽ȴҪ֣һŭ֮£´ɱ֮ѪأĿģȻѾﵽˡ
ԣڣ˸˾Ļ֮ˡ
ǣڽǿ߲棬ˣԼ˼룬Լĵ콣ʵȻҪǵģȵɱ䣬ɵ֮֮ʱĹâؽҫ˻ģ˭Ҹǰһ죬ǽ⡣
УǽصԪĿ⻷ˣǿҽĺǣɱ⣡
£һĽֱ֮ų貵ĽâԲ֮صǿߣܹĸܵһɿֲɱ֮⡣
һЩлûгֵľսһλ˻ĵ޵˭֪жǿĵ̣ӴԺڽǣû˸Ҷַˡ
Ǹˣ£ֱ˽ӡɣԪϽַһöӡַ΢΢ͷâƿգǿ˸뿪ת˲ʧټ
һ㲻ַĳɳΪַ㣬֮
Žǿ뿪ַɨԶȺһۣ֮ǿ֮ǰ˴ңԸ
аٶַ㣬ǵҲˣԪϵ˵潫ӡַ㣬ˣַ㣬ǽ
ԶȺ֪֮׷˸뿪ѩַһۣĮпЩʲô
תҲЩй˸ȥ
ллһֱӴѩԺУѩ΢΢£漴ַ΢΢˵ͷӰʧ
ѩַ㻹ΪмģȻԷһҪѩ־̹ڰܸ֮컯ʥԼϿӣĵҩַŵָƾ㣬имˡ
ַתŲһ磬˵ߣſɮ¶һĨЦ⣬λʦ֮飬û
ͬΪ̨֮ˣܿǿ裬ַ㣬˼ˣн֮ػҲ˸ڽǶ㶯֣֮ǣһѵõĻᣬúϧɮԵú⣬ַ㡣
һַᶨ
治֪γΪ˽̨һͽȻǲͬ죬ڴɳһ죬ǱȻ̨ˡɮַЦֶַ̨ʦһһл˲ƿնȥתۼֻһܵӰӡ
˶Ӷַ㣬ΧַתͣС쵰˵˵⼸췢ʲôˡ
һȥҳƴأ˶潫°ˡַݺݵı档
Ϊ׼㡣۾ŭдȻұΰ׵ۡ
ַһֱۣӣ嶼΢΢ţ̫ˣ̫ˡ
󺦳棬Ǿһ˵йһЩʱ򣬵ȵ֮ǿһȥⲻʵļһַŻʸ˵ļ漴֪ߵߣһֱĬĬעӣŲһ磬תۼʧǰ
󺦳£ƵֹһҲ̫û˰ɡӾͽֵӵһߣһҪšһ
𣡡ֱӶŴ󺦳һڻձַһ˿̴󺦳ҲԼˡ
ǱۣΰĴۣһڱ߽ܱ۵ѬգĴˣĵ
ֿʼˣʸԴһ·ûٸţʲôΰ׵ۣݺµĴۣҪȥȢɹŮ繫ֱûб߼ʣѾһǴôһͷϣûôܴģ
𡭡ŭˣʸƲһϲţȷʵ
ַǣһййסַתֻ˿̵˫峺һֱ͸żԹɫ
飬ôˣַһЦԹɵԴԵøĺ
ڿϿˣһ͸һĨ֮⡣
Ŷַֹһ漴û˵ֻһֱ
鿴ַ۾ͣĶͷС¹ײ΢΢ͷ⣬ʲô
ַ˫֣ϣ˫գԴ̧𣬵ղŲҿΪĿһ۱Ʋˣ˿ӾվߣȻҪ
΢΢ַһۣȴ飬ַ㿴Ϊ˼һô˿
ǰַ㽫У΢΢˲΢΢ͷݣ¶һĨЦա
ҪҪǸַЦ£漴Դʹӵĺ촽
ءӱĳǿĶסͣ˳ֻܷص졭


1141 ϴǦ
֮ǵĿûȷеʱ涨һУԤһ˵ƿصУ֮ΧĴųѾ֪ۼ˶ӢţǶĵȴţȴ֮ǵĿ
˵ÿһ֮ǵĿдԵŵײԲ˵ԤߣΪص֮һֻ֮ǿ֮ʱŻһΣ˭Ҳ֪Ԥߵ˭û֪Ԥʲôǿߡ
ѯʹʣȴԣܹ֮ۼӢţԶ
Եһ˳ǣӴ棬һϵֶͨ죬Ǿʵĺˣûã棬˶һˣ˶֪ôģȱǾǿߣԼΪĻ͵㣬Ҫɱ
Ĵų֮һĽǣַķ粨ҲƽϢҲ˸ȥɱַ㣬֮˳Ϊ̨֮ҲҪ˭Ҫڽж֣һַ齣ӡǲҲɲǣĽӡεɡ
ʱһйǰӰֱڴڣһһŮӿ㡢Ůǣ˿ӰŮӽԴ΢΢ļͷǴ˿˿΢Ц˶û˵ĬĬأʱʤͬһĻ
ԶĶһ̣ãпַͷ̧ǿգ磬ַֻ֮⣬һƬǿգԼ¹⡣
ɵѾͷӵ̫ľʣһҪһһȥߣңǵ޵ģֻ񹻣Ҫߣǧֱ꣬꣬ĵϡַ̧ͬǿգǰҲԸȰ긡Ȼһ˿ͨӳԼޣΪβȥ׷Ѱζ뿴µĳӵţˣϣԼȥƴ
վ۷֮ϣͷ졢أһƬ񷣬ͬ׷󣬿ңп磬ûǿʵûңʸûʵӣǿ裬ûʵΪò졣
ұߣĵϡȻһЦо۵ɫ
ôãǲҪȥˣŲ£Ҫʱַȴһֻε§ס
ߣһ
ַЦ˵漴һϣһ貵գ֮ϡ
̧ͷַӵоǷ֮⣬һ֮Ŀϵ֮䣬·ǧ˿Ƶ˿
յвֱָֹϵ
֮֮⣬ϴǦ
ַ³һ漴ֻ֮ϵܱߣ֮·ڽߣϴ֮財ĿһνС
ϣ¹£õ¹·ΪʵʣͬڽϣĹâӵҫĿ
֮֮⣬ϴϴǦ˴ڸĽ֮صֶΣҪϴ
⽣Ǵ߲ޣǳµĽ֪֮λңַ㶼ףΪ˻˰ַһ벻ױ㲻ȥ룬֪֮⺦УϾ˵ֶΣҪɱҪ׾٣ɲŶԷֻһɨصĲô򵥡
ϴ鿴֮ϵĽ¶һĨȵɫ漴ЦЦַͷûʲôַϵ飬ûбҪȥֻ֪Ҫַúõı㹻ˡ
ʱһЩƺע⵽ʲô̧ͷʣңԶ֮ϣƺһǿھؾϴ
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Ⱥ񰵲ֶΣؾϴʹʥ֮ǿֶοǼΪϡ٣ӦǷǳĽڰĪҪĺá
ֵͷæµԼ飬ûȥ֮ϸʥ֮ûҪȥδ֪ĴڣܹؾϴˣȻġ
ȻƫƫΪ̰ԣʱһԥƬ֮ʣֱӽʥ֮Ա߲ԶĿ¶һĨȵɫ
һ꣬׼Ҫ̤֮ǣȴûһǿı˿̣һʥգȻҪԡ
һʱһڽϣ

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ֻʥ֮תֱָ꣬貵ĺâ²ݣֲɱӽ֮оޱȺ䡣
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ղһĻ˿û˼ʥ֮ˣӦǸµĽϴ
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תۼ¹ȥ˷֣еǱƺӵˣ·ڽɱ䣬âԽĶĿɵ֮ҲԽԽ·һ޵׶㣬һУҪϴǦΪ𺳣ֹϴƷףƺ
ҲһԲ֮ҹ֮ǵķӴڶ֮ϣһ嫵ĳǣӳ˵纣¥


1142 ص֮
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һ̣֮ǵ棬ųǣ˶̧ͷ֮ڵķȥ֮ϣˮīеλóǳذ㣬ӳȺʡţȺЩԼ۾ģһʵĳǣǺ¥澰
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㱻˵αۣһ˴ǧҪ͸¶ȥַŴ󺦳洫ԣô󺦳ɫһȻǴۣ
Ƭ̺󣬴󺦳濴ĿòôˣЦЦΰ׵ۣ㲻˵ҪӸһ׾ģ㿴ǲǡ
һߴȥݺݵı˴󺦳һۣô󺦳޵ĳ嶯


1143 
׵ۣҪԺҸ졣󺦳治ģƤЦ
۸᲻ϧˡ׵۱Ӵ󺦳棬󺦳ȴֵ֮ǣĻԵܸĶĳ̶ֳȶԣܹԽܸģȻǰǣҪʵȥȡȥõ֡
ţַɫһܸ֮ǵģ׵ܸĻҪࣿ
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֮֮ԳΪ֮ǣǽΪԤԤô򵥣ӵƿԼУ֮棬ԼȥıԼˡ׵ɫ£ַδ뵽׵ۣ֮Ƴ硣
ȥɣһ̤֮ǣǵĶ߻˵һУԸҪʲôҪǵǣҪҪݣȻǰǣҪһúץסλɣһĻҲôһˡ
˶͸ų֮âһ֮һУȻҲĶһμѵõĻ
飡ַ֣΢΢˵ͷȻֿʸ׼̤֮ǡ
֮ǵľתһ̤㣬ᱻ͵ͬĵ򣬲Ļܿؾۣ֮ǣܡֲһַЩƣʵ͵ͬĵܹؾۣ
ȥˣ֪ˡ建ڿգ漴˸ųöϵλ֮ȥܿ죬ӰʧַУҲ̤֮档
ϲļһȻơַһȻ˵ܿؾۣŲƭ
󺦳棬ǻ쵰һ䲻ôף˵һЩǲģúץסλַŻʸͷһ֮ȻҲӵĿˡ
֪ˡ󺦳Դ漴Ҳ磬ܿ죬ַҲʧߵС
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ַĿɨΧĻ˿ڵĵطһųǣ޲͸ŹӵϢң翴һ˿еĹųǣޱõĳǳأĹųǡ
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ַûκԥĲ뵽У̼ü֮ΪĽ׳ɫ
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ʮ񣡡ߵĻӦһޱ顣ÿһ׳ɫʮ㣬ַ㻹ʣʮһ⣬ҪĶʮټϸղŽʱʮ㣬湻ݵģ
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Ǻãҵڶ⣬Ҫһʱ䣬һ죬ǻʲôûзĻϣһ˰ʱ䣬Ҫ񣿡
һ񣡡ǺƽĻӦַ㰵ù󣬾ȻҪһһһٵ㣬Ҳ֤ʵˣʱ䶼Զһ


1144 Ӷ
ҪҪݣַ߳˵Ǿ仰ʱ䶼ܶһʲôܵģ̫ˣ㹻Ϊܶһ
ǶһΪҪǿֲģҪ˼ǣúȻһԼмֵ֮
鲻֪ˡַ˵Ҳûȥ˵飬ˣҲҵ顣
ַ㣬õңúҰȥ
ڴʱһƮ뵽ַĶУַŲ΢΢һͣȻ
Ц£ַԵҡͷ飬Ǻοأ
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չ˺ԼַӦչ˺ԼģֻҪ̫̬Ĵڡ
ַ߳ü֮ɫĹ⻪һӡǶûˣһؾõʮȫľŽ֮ûãҲǵһİɡ
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˵׷ſһ򣬿ģͬʱᣬ˳֣ҪӶ˵񣬵ʱһµĹ𣬽˶ûˣǺеһͷü֮õ֮ɢһǰ׼ķһЩԼ͵һƬȥ
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ӰɱֵӰ֣漴£Ϊأӵʮ񣬴˿ַ㡣
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ϧ̫ѣΪɲߣ̤߽侳磬ΪٶֱӶ񣬵ڵľ磬»еѣ֮ǣ֪жţһĻһ֪Ҫòȡ
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ַ˲Щɫʮü֮ɫӡǡĵɫӡǡ
ţʱַоԼƺǿʢ˼֣·һǿ񣬾
ǣַһƣ˲Ϣ˸뿪ͬʱмۣ·˲֪㣬ԽΪն˶óʵǿ˲ںȴ벻ҪһǴӽţǿסĽһ̣޿ɵֵǳǿᣬӵֶΡ
һʱֶַ֮Ѿõڼмʧ֣׷ɱʱӵʱӶᡣ
ַ֮Ѿ۵һǧٵ㣬Ļɫ̣ſµַʣƺҲ˼֣Ѿȷܹˣǿ˵
֮ǣޱߺ嫣ַԽԽˣһΣԣǾĻֻҪ㹻һС
̫ˣӶٶȻ죡ַʱӶᵽһǧٵûҪǱ֪֪᲻ˡ
ȷʵһЩʵǿ֮ˣɨһУӶٶȱֲַû˻뵽ֲģһͷޣѾɫˣζѾ


1145 ֲջ
ַ֮ɫü֮һ貵ɫƣһɿֲͷϿգ̣ޱʢܹԼѪ
ǿ֪ܴܲȥַܹ֮ǣһЩȥףȵϢܹѪǣٶĻܹǿ
ַΪƵǣΪ̫ǿϢŨӰˣΣʢȵϢҲܱĸܵ
һӦòˡַ˸Ÿһȥ̤У͸ղһȫһеߣҲȫһַЩԣ֮һĴڣѾΪеһա
Ҫʲôɨһַü֮
Ҫ޸ʥâ˸ַгչ޸һʥԶһʥ򵥶ˣˣһҲ˰ɡ
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ԡ˻Ӧһֱַʮ㡣
ҽ׵ʥܷȼأַʡ
ԡֵֻĻظַȫᣬһ㲻ʣַȴ¶һĨЦ⣬Ǹõط
ǰҪʥַ㽫չóûļֵΡ
߽չ£漴ַü֮һɫƵޱȶĿ
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ܴ˿ַһۣȻ¶һƵЦ⣬漴ʼһ޸Щʥʥжʮ߼ַķ˰ȫ޸ɡ
漴ַѡʮʥߣʥһ߲Լһס߲ǳչΨһƷʥΪ׼ģƷʥԼãһ컭ꪣʥƷʥǿѾ;ģʥѱʱ֮裬ʮ߼ʥַȫۣûκԥ
ܿ죬ַһʮΪЩʥ඼ƷʥƷʥֵ࣬ԶƷʥһƷʥٱƷʥļֵһټһ
¶һչַ˵չ»صϣʣʮ򣬵ַԣѾˣչʮʥһƷʥʮˣʮ߼ʥΪۣʮһõʥаƷʥԼʮ⣬׬ˡ
ޱȵַо˿˸һ޷ɱ֮ǣûô˵ɣⶼ鹦ЩƵʥû뵽֮˴ó
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Ҫһʱ䣬ңҪһ԰ĻƬռ价Ҫǿʢؾַ㿪˵
㹹һռ䣬ҵԺС˶ַ˵ַ΢΢ͷԺйҪĻռ䣬һ䣬漴û뵽˵ü֮
Ҫһʱ䣬һĿռǿʢؾ
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ߣĴڰַ˿Ѿʣ˶ʮޱߣɫ͸Ũ
һչԼ֣չУȴƿնҡϣֱ֮ϣؾ㽣Ϊ׼Ψнȡ㹻ؾܽ꣬
һ貵ĹӳϣؾϵĴŽҲ̰ļȡؾ
ܹӵôƵʥҪõôҪܳʱ䣬һѣܹñ˶һʱ䣬ֵˡַ૵һʱ䣬ĵȥء
ʹȡؾϴǦַ㱾ʼչƷʥܹӳµɱΪԼãʵ޷׵ֻҪܷӳչֵ㹻ֲˣʱӶ࣬ͬʹħһսǿߣչûħħԣҲ̫ࡣ


1146 ɱַ
ʱ⣬ַ㿴ƺøĿ죬ʶĿޱҫۣǳ֮⣬ϵĲȡ޾ؾڲϵɱ䣬гһգϴǦȥ̥ǿܳɾͽ꣬ҪΪ֮ؾġ
Ҫȥ̥꣬Ҫַ㱳չֳַ컭ꪣվڻ֮صɽ֮ϣһʱԣԳԽһʱ⣬ҪҹͣϴǦУ콣ʮʱ̤һʡȥһϴʱ⣬ֵˡ
ңһʱ䣬ʥչ컭Լʥף⣬һЩʱȹΪؾΪӵȶ
ʱ䵽ˣַ૵һ漴â˸ǰһжʧַٴγ֮ʱֳС
ַ㿴ˣ¿ʵǰһ죬ȥã
һ죡˵ĵ
һ졣ַɫһ磬ȥһ졣
Ƿ𣿡ַʵ䣬ܻΪ壬֮󣬵ط
ʶˣⲻһشķ룬ڣóȥˡ˵˵һ
Ҫסַ΢΢ҡͷжʮڣ뿪
Ҫȵһ˻ش
ΪΣַüͷһ壬Ϊɻ
֮ǰý㴫͹ȥĻᣬѾԣȥɣٴĽף˵˵һĽףڳͻ֮ʱȺ
磬ַʧʱ˵ȡĻᣬΪַ㽻ȣڰ֮δ֮ʱԶԷĽûɣӳ٣ַˣǱӺĽף
ٴλӶַʧȵֵʱ򣬱һҽһӰĨɱ񱻶ᡣ
ַ㿴֮˺Ȼһą̂ˣǱĨɱˣĄ֮̊́ͬˡ
ɱ֮ˣַ㿴֮󣬶ʱɱ¡
񱤣
ַ㶢ǰĵӰˣȫ񱤵ˣΪһˣ񱤵壬ڣվŵˣַĳУɣˣΪأһɱˣȡʧ֡
˿̵ڣɫӡǣѾһ࣬ˣҲмǧ֮
ǿַʱɫʱһĿĶַüģɫַ˵ǿʢΪɫƣʮȻǴһ
٣Σ׬ˡԵ֮Ŀȣ벻ַõô
ⰡֻһǧĴۣһԼϵʥû뵽Ȼҷ˴񡣡
¶Ц⣬ܣһǧȥһˣΪģҪַַ㣬ڶʮУѾˡ
ϲЦ£Ŀ絶Ӱɨַ㣬ʮȻΪڵ֮ǲȥҲֻҪַ㹻ˡ
ֻһƷʥʮҿͨ׻һƷʥʮһװƬҳ͸˷֡ڵ˵Ѿַˡ
뷨áַĮ³һɱ˸
٣СӾȻɱ⣬Ϊͬѩ޵ˣһֻ־Աһ˳˵ַ㣬̫ˡ
϶û뵽ᱻֶɱɡڵĮעַ㣬ڽǣַʧټգع֮󾹳Ϊ񱤼λǰԩ˽ǿУҲڻҵʱǱߣ̤֮ǣַ㣬ɱ
ַȷʵû뵽֮ǣֿ̫ܡ
˵֮ǣ̨ˣһһɱŴһϵõҽ̨ȫɱһϢƣһĨɱţַӡ
ַһУһչֲϢչӶڵ˸Ŀ֮⣬ǿʥ
ˣַû˵ŹԪۼʸ֧ʸͬʱΣʱзֲХĵգᴩգסֲϢΪƫλ֮嶼ʥ֮ÿ¡
ɱַһ³֧ʸͬʱƿգᴩգ֧ʸĵ泤磬գյйȼգ˲Ϣ١
Ʒʥ˺󡣡ŭһȻˣµԪֱ֮ϣֱ̼۷·һ֮⣬ס
һȭɱ֮·Ҫûֻоֱϴһʹ֮У屻ײòϺˡ
ͬʱȡʥӣȻĳżʸֲײ졣
˿ĺˣȻǼʸٶ̫ˣڽŲһ̤ʱһȥ֮ȭżʸһ˾£һ˾ûôˣһҽУĿļʸֱӽֱû
ˣݣţҪ˵۾Ϲʸֱص˴ɱȥ˵ɫòҰֽ¶ǿҵĿ־֮⡣
ɣӹŭһڱȥͬʱɵĽڿգ˲ţַֹȥ
ַޱ飬㳯ǰ̤ͬʱԪٶȻۣһΣʸͬʱƿգĿֻһɡ
צŭֱۻ֣֮ȫۼףĿ͸ںڵĹ񱤵ǿߣ⻯ͨ츳Խǿˣ⻯Խɵֱѻں֮ɫ޼᲻ݡ


1147 ұɱ
ǣûںֱ貵֮±˺ѣΪޣɫѿ⹭δҲ̫ЩַΪأӲʥ˵Ŀ£ɼʥжôǿ
ӡŭһ˫˫֮䣬֮Ӱ֣ϵǣһ޴֮ӡ
䣡ӡޱȿֲɱδϨļʸ˺ѵɵ屻˳ȥƺһȻ˫ȥӡ޴ޱȵĽӳַȥҪַ档
һַгַ컭ꪣ͵ĳеĽӴȥ¡һ޴ײ촫ӱϿշȥֲ£ַŲǰ¡ľ޴ըѡ
һʥͷݺݵĳ鴤£ѹ֡ѹַܹ컯ʥȻ紫еһַ㣬ӵк컯ʥͬȼֵıڿй֮
컭ꪼϣգʸƿգط·Ҫ𣬿ֲչʸɱ֮
˺󡣡ڽŲǰڲϵɱ䣬ۡסǣȫ֣Уͬʱ£һףں֮ȹɸղŻûֱ۸ӵ䣬Եޱ·
ƣڵֱۻȻ䳯ǰɱڵ˸һΣͽֽչļʸ˿ϣҲƷʥס
ַûаĲΨĮ֮⣬һʸ·Ҫ̫ʸ֮ϻſµĻ棬һһϳڵԴɱȥ
ûõģһʱ䣬뵽ҵУƷʥӲǸҰɣ
ڽŲַֻ̤оһͷͷŭצ£Ҫû
壬񱤵Ĺ似ǿʢޱȣڷŭ֮ʱַֻоգɱ
ַŲһ磬ڿնŹʸƿգһͷ֮Ӱֱӽ֮ѡ
߲ģһۣʱղŵĹһûֱַֻۣһޱ֮צɱȹɵĸǿơ
ַ壬ɫһַڿգ㿪Էֱۣͬʱգ̫֮£֮ϣԪŭ۳̫ʸ
չַһζ˿ֲԪȫչϣ̫֮չӦ䵽ڵϣһ̣ڵԴϣһ̫ʸεһ̫
գַһ³ʸңƿգҪգӡϵһ̫
һ̣ʸ泤һУ֮ȼգΨжĿ֮ǺХ
ڽŲһ̤棬ˣȻһ̫·Ѿǿϵһȥʸϵ̫Ҫ䡣
һַ֮ûڣ˸ңֱһصǿ߶ȥ
صķ֮־ңߵӣٶȺѸͣ˲Ϣ١
𣡡˿ַɫ˰˫ֳַ̽ȥҪַ嶼˺ѡ
컭֣Ŷ˲ϢһУһ촫ֱӴԷԴַ΢΢ԷԴըѣ񣬱̵ַ
ȻͬʱһϢַһ֮¶߱ɱ֮⣬ֲצֱַ࣬Ҫַ嶼̴
ͣһ貵ĹâȻţַ峯ǰ˳һ貵նһµĹ⻪ȴԷӲסˣɼ⻯Ϊ֮ʱԷжǿ
ɱַһ³һâ˲ϢûԷüģöԷԴݺݵһͬʱַȻת컭ꪴɱԷԴ£һ˵
ַɱĹɿַ΢΢һ漴㿴ַƮȻˣƺԶȥ
ллңɣһμ棬ڡַ³һʣں͹ʵǿΪأӵʥ֣ڣ壬ƷʥףҪݱܷâ
ɫѿַ˼׼´ȥԸ쵰ӵ˶ǿʥвַǿһ磬ܹܿɱùɸо΢Щ⡣
գ˶Ըַ㣬ûɱַ㣬ַɱˡ
ߵõ𣡡屬˫ַٵ趯һԶŵĽŰգֻſȻ䳤Хһ
𡢺죬ڵ󣬳һͷںϣ޴ſ£һɿֲַϣޱȿµ֮Ҫ̻ȥ
ַٶ̫Ϊռʸ屻̻صͬʱŹֱ֮졣
𣡡ֲһγХնڲϵıѣһռʸǿµĳͣײǰʱֱһ̵ˡ
һǿʣ֮ټڱĿֲʵô׶Ըġ
ڱĺһʱһͷͷõ裬Ҫ֮Σַ㸿ס

ַͬ³һ̼յֱӳǰ֮
Ľ£һַնȥ˲Ϣ㻮Ƴգʧں͹ɵߵС
ڡɣȡһĮԶչں͹˵ĶĤУǲ壬ȴоַ֮ͨѩս֮ʱֳսֶΣܿ£֮ͬУѹټǿʥɱض׾١
ңղַͨͨ쵽˼飬ѵǴӽеõֶͨΣ
ұɱ㣡ӱ䣬Ȼַˣַ㣬ӵжʮ


1148 Ӻ
ַһʱͣ£ɨһۣĴӰһƬشƺûп
ַ̤Уܿ죬һصǰչ֣Էɫһɫ˲òҰַ̤ʥ컭ꪡֳչֻصΪչŹ֮ʱӵ֮ƣ֮˲е궼ڲסһ
񣬽Ҳɱ㣡ַĮ³һԷõĻȫ˳û뵽ַü֮ڴ˿ӵɫƵַԣûʲôо
ᵽ֮󣬽Хڿգַ˲ʧԭء
̵ģɫȻһٶ񡣡˿ַ뿪һڣޱƣûôӵˣһٶҪǻ쵰ʮ񲻻ᶼôİɣѾҲ̫Щɣ
ܿ죬ַһǰΪأַչ֮ĽԼǧȫ˳ȥٶȳΪַС
͸ղһַ˲뿪ƬˣͬһĻϵظݣһƬһƬ̫쵰ˣûôٵģ̤컭ꪣչⲻǴĿ
ܿ죬Բ֮رַһգµأϵأûַ㲻ģֻصŻһ¡
ʱһӰиܵΧԶˣ漴˸ȥӰһ飬ǷֶԷü֮ǰһƬտҲɵͬʱѵģ
ĶȻַ㣬Щ˶øɸɾ˸ղԼĻ쵰˭Ȼûпսģ񣬿սʲôһ𰵰ַ㡣
¡ڴʱһ¡ľ޴Ⱥ΢΢һ̧ͷ漴Ⱥ֮ǵϿճһӰӣһӰ˵üĵֲ֮ɫƣԼɫӡǣζӵжʮƿֲ
ң˼һ˷컭ꪣƺǿʥУһŶĿĹſ貵Ĺâ˸оĿԭȻַӰ
һ̣֮˶£ȻôӶ˶ʮǿΪǿƺֻϵʥ֮ŹӦǷǳֲʥɡ
ڹӺˣȺº˹֮ܣ˻Ѿ޴ַۣӰ֮ǵϿգһ˶ַϵԼӵǿʥܹͨַȥӶԼʥ
ˣƬַɨڳƬ֮漴ŭҲн죡
ţ쵰ˣŪŭԹ뵽Уֶκ
ʱ̧ͷеӰ죬漴Ʈķ˸ȥ
ѩ˿Ӱ죬΢΢£漴Ҳķȥ
һ̣֪ж˸һҪַ̤֮ǰסʮǸֲ֡
ü֮ҲɫƵ濴ַ㶼£漴̵ľȻȱٻҪ죡
ʱʼٸߣԼɣǳһ֮⣬еַӰ¶ЦɫһΣַ㻹ܻܲ
ʱַ㣬ղŶƬķɨѾӵ˶ʮЩ㣬ɨǲ죬ȻΪù˵Ż룬Ǳ֪뷨ʮ̫ˣȻ̫١̫
ַ㿴Ӱʱ̣£漴âӰղս֮ʱ龰ô᲻֪˭ɵģں͹ɣ뵽ְ취Ҫء
ˣһַǰȻһӰȻԷͨͶ
Էַ֮ɫһ٣漴Ŀ˸̰֮⣬Ȼɫ񣬶ұӰеĸࡣ
ɣ˽Ųһ磬ٶȾǼ죬ֲɱ֮⽫ַֻ֣ڵһʱ佫ַնɱȡַ˱޷ͨ͵ֶôֲˡ
ַֻͣĽµȻɱ磬ֲĽ·Ҫء
ҹŭһըѣԵĹ֮赲Ȼһȴһֳַֻչһɱ⽫۾ӳ졣
¡ʸ˲佫ûڿֲ֮£嶼ըѣδܶȡַԼҲַˡ
ַɫĮ˲ؾ磬Ҳ̰ͼ
ˣ
ˡ
ַܣӰ֣һؾһؾ
Ŀɨһַۣ׼֣ȴռһǰԶֶһˣؾ
ߣַһعĽ£˲Ϣƿնȥ磬ǳֵļ˻ûӦͷַߣ׷ȥ
ڡɣַ³֣ɫ䣬״˿Լʲô棬޾׷ɱ֮ǵǿߺ֮࣬ڿӰ֮󣬽ͨ׷ɱֻǸղǶݵɲǣѾˣ֮ûΪûе
ַ׺ûƬֱͣߣߵĻԻᱻһֲǿΧɱʱ߶߲ˡ
ˣһ˳ַǰȻǴ͹ģ˸ճ־Ϳһ貵ĽâֱӴɱûüӦɶݵֱӴԴĨɱַ㣬ַ˶ûпͱɱ


1149 籩
ַӱ䣬һ·Уܲͣǿ֣߳ΪһЩˣֱַĨɱȡ񣬼ȻҪ⣬͵ñĨɱ׼
ûйãַü֮Ѿɫƣ֮ǿޱȣֱѾӵʮˡ
ˣյһӰ֣Ϣȣ죬ֱַӣգûֻͣҪͣƬ̵ʱܻΧУ˿̫ԣʮԼüʥ˷
£һ漴ɫ׵罻֯һƬƬնеַȻֹסֻҪǰһҪУǿֲɫ׵ǿҵĻԽˡ
͡ǡ貵ɫ׵罫Ƭս棬ַתˣһ£ͷͬݰͼĮڴ˵һ˫ĴţյУ˫Ҳ֮ɫ
ѱص
ַ˲ܹоһͷκޣ죬ӥ쾡Կ̱뽾
Լʥȫˡ㲻
̱³ư֮Ϊأһͷ˼ܹɫ׵磬Ȼ׵ϵޣԵޱȣǿֲĴڡ
ַһ۲չ֣Ԫʸ˲ϢƿգҪᴩ£졣
ҷɱӱ䣬³һ׳ޱȵ׵磬ž죬նҪ׵ɫâӵޱȿµĻ
䣡ˮͰĻ׵ռʸ֮ϣǿޱߵļʸӵſµĴ͸׵һ͸Ȼǿֲ׵ȴҲܽʴչһһ£׹է֣ϵĺռʸսռʸ
׵֮Ż𣬹¡ַɫĮԪ۳ɼʸϵɱ
ɱѱŭһղס׵羹ȻڷĻ𣬻Ļѹַ£ϣͬâޱִ߽ס
ַɫ˸ˣ漴һʹö׵ȥкͶԷս̫ԿˣԷֻҪһͷͿɵޱߵ׵
ꡢžַ㴩͸ɫһ⣬յֲ׵綼޷֮
Ӳ³һ漴е׵羹˸Ľɫɫ׵޼᲻ݵĽɫ֮⽻֯һ¡һ죬ַ㡣
¡ֲը֮ղ漴Ӧѣֲ£ַͷɱȥ
ֳַַ컭ꪣϿɱ֮ڷ컭֮ϣֲַ׹䣬ͬʱɫ׵˳ŷ컭£ַϣѾ׵˺ַ㣬ȴҲַϺë𣬻ԡ׵֮⡣
ַ֮㱻棬ŲݴصУɫ䣬ղǽâǽ֮֮УӲ䣬ɱ޼᲻ݣ׵꣬ӵн֮־Һֲܿ׵֮֯һƣƿ£֮ƿˣǿֲĹ߶ܲסһɱ
˻ľ޾֪飬Ҳ֪ж٣˿ַ֪һѲĽɫ
ˡˡһӰַ棬ԭղַս֮ʱͨĴ֮ˣѾƬռ䶼סǿַѾӵɫ֮ʱж˸ŷâַϵķ컭Լչǿµʥ
λգĽɨӵȺĵҵģ˭׼
ܹԵµĻֱǡʱһӰվһλվΧûκˣնЩã·ʱܻʧһ
ɨһۣĿĮΧԽԽˣЩ˶ǼʢϵһЩöԸ
ɫû뵽Чôߣ
վڱһ˿ڣ·ӲӵģĻ֮ϣͼ̫ڣҲհ㣬˹â֮С
ַɨΧˣǰйһ֮Եһνޱǰڣʱ򣬾ķݣü֮ɫӵа˵ƣζӵаûá
ǽڻ꣬ü֮ͬɫ񣬵оŵƣࡣ
Ǳ꣬һɫ񣬲ֻһƣʮ˼ѾﵽӵеˣɼЩ˶Ǳ̬Ӷٶǿֲģһ£ƾ͵ĹжֿܹӶٶȻޱѸ͡
ַΪͨʥ׵õ˶ʮԼӶģֻ֮
Щ˶ַ㵹ǲ⣬ȴ໥ɵţֻܿһЩﵽʱ˵ᳬԽ֮࣬ʱǰԵõҪһЩ
ַҲûж֪˿̱ˣֻҪһȴıȻĻ𹥻
Ȼ²һЩﵽˣѩ֣Ϊʵ⼸ˣֻΪ˵ֶβһӶٶҲв죬Ǽһ˿̲֪﷢ȥˣü֮Ҫַ㶼ֲ
ַ㱻ΧסѩһӵɫһӵʮټǿʥȴΧˣ׶༪٣⵹޹أַֻôַܸͬ㣬ϣַܹɳ˶һ־ʱս


1150 ĺô
ĬĿռ䣬۵ǿԽԽ࣬Ⱥ֮ѡıҲǳĬڵȺУغؾǿߴڣһΣνķƻۣΪڽַӰͨ֮ǵ˶֪ˡ
ַɨΧȺ˵ü֮ӵɫɫҲв٣Ѿһֲ֡
գվַϿգ䣬ղû˲佫ַɱô˽٣ҪϷַϵԼʥѾôˣȻԼţȺкЩܹв˿̳ɱַȡԼʥһ˶֣Ǻǲʹġ
Ϊ˶ǿǵ㣬ƬռŻԵøĳĬ
˵ϵԼʥη䣿ʱƿռĳţȺ˵˵ĶȻˣЩʸƽȶԻ
ַ㣬ûпǣַϵԼʥǱҪģܻ߳Ƭռ䡣
֮Ƭռ˶ƬĿռ䣬ˣҲȥ˽ӿ˵ӣʱɫĮȻȵɨȺ
ôϳȥʲôǵһ£Ǹáгѱ֮⣬ɫһ˲в˵忪ʼˣʱѾˡ
ֻȫ貵ɫ׹⣬֮ͬʹöعճһޱ߾޴
֮֮ϲϵĹſµķ֮嫵ؿռ䣬ȫ׵
úݵģߣ˵Ҫ뿪ѾպϣϿյ׵£ѹ·ҪƬն
ɱŭһʱ޾׵֮˸еˣ޼᲻ݵİ׵統УƬգ׵磬еһж
ǡ¡¡һ̣֪ж׵֮»ж˱ˣַŹһʸյ׵ɱȥռըѣ׵ɫĮ
ͬʱٴζˣ׵糯Щδɱ˺ȥֱǺɱΪֹͬʱһЩʵǿ֮ҲˣɱЩʵˣЩʵȽһЩҲвٵ񣬿ɲܱһյ
ǿʳַ㿴һĻֻݴ˿̵龰ˣȻûʲô֮ģЩҪɱģ񷴱ɱȴҲѭ
ڴʱ׵ֵ֮ˣǿе¾ɵаҲǰУЩˣúһ
ûжֵģֻѩʱ˿̣Ҳ¶һ˿֮ǰʦԣѻʬ֮ϣ±Ǵʱ˾ɣʬ̳ǿ֮;
ɱ¾貵Уֻʣ˶ʮˣʮ˶ǰ˻ľ̤֮ǵĶǿߣȻ֮ǵİ˻ľԶֹЩˣԼȡֻ֪֮ɱַ˲٣ùֻߣ˴˿ͨһЩĵط
ʣµЩˣǵֶ࣬Ʃ˿ѾԽַ㣬ղ׵ɱм֮ڣӶʮټУ˿Ϣ޾ȹ財
ˣǵҲΪɫԽʮ
ܹǿǵǧ򼸺򷨲֣ҲӲϴõҾͼܹư񣬻ɫҵܵõһ
ɫʢޱߣַ㣬ңʥǷ䣬ΣǹֲƷʥõȥһ񣬶ܻȡɫ񣬾ԲҳԿ
ɫܹϴǧɫ򷨲֣ϴ񡣡ַ㽫Ļ£ȴЦһһ˶ʮȴ˷ʥ뷨á
죡ŭһ֮ʱһ׵˲ɱַһ컭ꪴſֲɱ֮ɱյı촫׵֮âһ
Ƭ̱Ҫ֪ϧĻҲȫ㡣
һȴչַ֣һԲԪᴩأյ̫֮·Ҫ͸׵֮âȺɫһһҪйĪǻ˲ɡ
ȻʱȻ䰵Ⱥһ漴̧ͷֻ棬֮ϣһޱ߾޴ɽȻ䳯ޱ߾޴ɽ쵽˼ĵزһֲı촫ȺĶĤݡ
ꡢꡭ޾Ŀֲѹ٣ȺµĴزϵѿһѷ졣
ǵֲײ֮ɲǼѾѵһɽӰʧƻָȴһĸһﵽˡ
ʱԶֻһļ֮˼Ͽһɫľĳ˹˵΢΢һѹָһŰȻˣң˴ɽΪֱǿˣ˶ܵһεѹ
Ϊĸһװ棬Ū赲Գүүԭ֣ϵײ࣬Ȣ˸ôԽԽˣԳүүֵҲҶ
Գɿڼϵľָƿڴ˲ɫüһε磬죬Ⱥܵпµɱš
ɻıǱ˸֣Գһָ裬ļɻ䣡


1151 ֮
ַ㿴ǵļһ΢Ц£һϴһ֮Ϊͻƣ˰˼ľ磬һӽˣŰĹ˸оһ㤡
Գɣŭȫǿµɫ׵磬һޱȴ׳׵͵ĳ³ֱԳɶȥ
ԳүүҲҶ֡ԳɾӾһӹȥֻойɿֲѹ·һɽ£ֲޱȡ
ǣֲ׵һֻ֮Գɵڿն𣬿磬һʱյгľӰգȫ
ŭ죬һֲ쳯ЩľӰȥһǹɿֲѹԶȺܵһĲ죬׵ͰӰնռݣսʱȺһضҪѵĸо
ɫ׵磬޼᲻ݵâȻƿ׵ɱ޼᲻ݣսĻԳǼĿ񱩣ź֮Ű̩ɽ籩궼޷ҡֺıŰزϲ
ߴսҲ˰ɣȺͷ˿ɫ׵ᴩأƬշ·Ҫ㣬Գ׵ģܹʹöɽաǳշһУܣ·񷶼Ҫ飬̫ˣ˶ǰ˻ľһĶǿߡ
ң׵ԼԳɵĺѾгΪˣǵΪ壬ֽǿͨɣһΪǻӵĿֲ
ʵҲôǿַ𺳣ԳΪΪ˼һսƿֲ֮⣬ɼҲǿޱȣ汲˵Ҳλʣѹһ֮ɲ¿ֲɱ׾١
ͬ磬ܹ˿ģҲֻЩʣԳõշˡ
ɽַΧ棬ȻַԳɵĹϵַϵԼʥǷ֡
ʱŽл˸ͷϿգнӰȺһ̲סҪˡ
Ӱ֣⻪֮£շ·óȱŰҪռȼա
ɫһʱֵ׼ַôĺöȻһ˵ȥ
Χң˭ҳ֣ǵˣննģʱַչ֣³һɫһͣѵΪн󲻳ɣһΪҲ԰ĽֻΪܻա
ˣǽַĻҲֻͣƬ̱ˣȻǶַ㲢ûжģֲĽڴ֮ƣַȫǻ棬ҪַûС
ҲԪռʸַ͸ź⣬׼ʸȻȴڴʱһɴ͸ͻأĽ٣ַüͷ΢΢һ壬漴һֲļʸյд͸ǰ档
¡ȼӰըѣҪֵüͷ£漴һ˵촫յһʸһʸȴûлɱ⣬ֱַ㡣
ţַռʸδ£㱻һ˿üҲ¶һ˿ɻɫһ貵ĽɫСֱļͷȴûκεɱַҲ
ʸޱȾ׼ĽַϣңҲȫжˣֻǸպòַļ΢Щ⣬һѪ漴ȺɫСϣһѪϮϣ漴Ȼڻˣһ˸Ľɫ⻪
ǣ˵ɫһǽɫС˵ж¶һĨֵɫо֮ƺЩ죬ͬѰ
ԶȺ˿ȴǷ˾֮֮֮ˣַ㣬ɹĽϡ
Ǵ˴֮ǿĵһ֧֮ɣ
ôǿô࣬˵սˣԳɡԳʵҲǿֲ֮ѩҲڣҲˣǣ֮ûЩȴؾ磬Χϣǽֹɡ
ЩüԭҲǴˣ֮һͬҲűϿ֮⣬ַ㣬һϿɣп֤ΪʣŻ֮
һۼͷʧַ֮Ϊɻ߲֮δʲôңڽ֮йһ䶯ս⣬Ҳûʵĵط⣬Ϊλ߻ѡ
ʱߵĿԶȺƺҪҵߵӰȻʲôûпߵͨǳܱԼػãߺ߱ˣš
Ǵ˿еĿֲѹϯأսԳɺֿ˿̵ŭϵɫ׵ҪݻһУɫȴޱȱղŵսԳɰʮһʽܹԽսԽ£첻赲Խеȫڱ״̬
ҲǸöԳүүëԳɵһ·ջһƬں֮ɫԳӻ֮ɫʣ󣬳һͷ޴ͼХһ޾ĽӰ񷣬ϨӰ
̣һ֣ɱСӣǣһ߶ѣ֮Լϵʥǿײˣɫ˸³һַɱ硣
Կһ֮³Ⱥֻоյ͸һĨ˪⣬ǻͷȥͿһӰ̤һλŮӣʤѩ˫λˣ


1152 
Ů˵ɲǣڳ˶ʱ΢£һ˿ɡ
ŮˣƮ˼ӣŮӣȫܹ˻ľĴˣȻǰû˵дŮ
ǵĿⲻɵÿѩ˱Ƚѩ顢Ůʥ࣬ͬӰ㣬ֻڵʥŮŮӵʾƸΪҪʤһɵ˾̾
ڵʥŮ˻ľĴŮ֮һ˳ѩӵѩһŮӱȥ
Ůȴ̫Щ˿һĺ⣬˸оͬ׹˪У̹ǣ˪˻߳Ϊ˪ӣΪаɡ
ܹ˸оѩҪʤһӣȻˣַ㿴ֵʱ΢ЦҡҡͷԼߣַıϹ˹ΣЦŵ֪ⳡӦ˵ģ
Щ䶼ǿֲǼַ㣬ǲ⶯һʹ֮Ļᣬ˲佫ȫĨɱĻͶ˼񣬿ƿֲɱЩˣ൱ڵõüƷʥ
ַɵǣǽЩ˸ȫɱˣǴȥ°˻ľ󣬻û֮ء
һ˳ǣȻɱĳЩ˵ʱ򣬻Ҫصɱ֮նһϵԷǿµӡǶʧȥãֻҪ˿ʵĶӡҲˡ
鿴ַĶ˱죬ַʱһĨȷʵȻ޴棬¶һ˿͵ЦһĨЦ˵Уȴǣ֮־ޱȣŮҲ޷ҡģȻַ¶飬ȴЩļ֮⣬֮ӣȴûܵõ˰Ľַ㣬ƾʲô
ַ㣬ǣеԳƳԴַ۾һ޸ǳء
ӣַЦ˼ʡ
ԭǵáǰ䡣ԳɺЦһҲԳ΢΢ͷǼӺڷҲЩˣĶһЩʣ㣬ַֻһˡ
Ŀת漴ϣ¶һ֮ɫһ̣嶳ĸо䡢䣬ֻһŮӣܹȸо
ղţ˵Ҫɱַ㣡
յУȻƮѩҸܼϵĴӿ䣬ֽӹѩоֱѩ䣬Ůʲôһŭ֮£Ʈѩ˵ĺ䡣
ˣͻȻ䣬ȺӰʧˣôԭƾʧˣ˶΢΢㵣ͬʱܵһɿµĺ⣬Ҫ˶
ǣֲɫ׵ȻɺâͬʱǰһӰ֣ȻǴַʧ顣
ֻƽһƺʱ׵綼ᣬâ˪ֲƷֱ֮̽ϣֱҲסˣƺûκֵܹǹɱ˪⡣
촫ֱۿʼὩӲ漴İԴɫ˲ò԰
׶ݣŭһֲ׵֮ŰΪģȫǿµ׵磬ҲڻȻʧˣٴγֵʱѾϿգʸ׵֮ϣֲĽ֮Լ׵סı˪ѣȴǴ˸ԷΪأôܻôĺ䣬ѩ֮⣬Ѿѩ֮
ȺҲ¶һĨȻɫһ֮¾ȻԿˣȻ⧲ԭУȴܷǿŮӲǣʵҲ˹
ڴ˿̣Ƕ֪δԽգߵģ׶֮мѭĴԽ֮ӰΣûаյӳټǹɿֲѩ֮˪Կ񱩻Ƶ׵綼ܱ⡣
ַҲ΢΢£û뵽ʵѾ˵ǿˣҲҪúŬС
ĸûңֻƿеһ˿ѣƿصøһЩֱӽϣ˸һνġ
鲻һѩɣѩӦһضǿ壬ѩ֮һ֣֤ѩóѩΪѩ壬ܹѩдӰΣ±츳ʹȻѩһЩֲ֮ͨöࡣ
ѩɷӰһʧһΣַĽŲһ̤ڿնΪٻ֮⣬չϣϧչûħħԣħΪħԵԵʣзӳԼĿֲչûħԣֻпƿأΪӳչ̫СˣչƷʥ֮ɱһ֮׾١
գַͺһռʸ̫֮ϣɫһ֪Լһֲסˡ
ɫѿ˸лһ޷׽ĻߣȻ̫ӡʼӡϣÿγܻߣֻ˸ƾǿֲٶȡ
ղŲԵ𣬴˿ôͬɥ֮Ȯһַ㳰һյУȥŭ
㣬һûʲô𡣡յд֮ȴַЦ㣬ͬɥ֮Ȯʱᶮúνܣ֪Գ˵֣Ҳ⣡
һŭ֮Ȼַ㼤ŭſֲ׵˲Ϣַʱַȴһ
ַһʱֲչĻ֮ϣͬʱˣƮȻͬ˲Ҫͬʱʧַռʸɱ
Բַ˵ֱʧˣǰԶ˲伴
𣡡ԵŭһѾܣֲİ׹⻤Դǰ˫˲仯ֱֲۣһ˻û壬죬ֲһС
໡һɴʹˣѪצţȻ͸Ű׵צӣ񵽳չһûг׵ıѵֻȫѪһȻһǼʹࡣ


1153 Գŭ
ıǰΪݣ츳׵밵֮ǿޱ츳Ƿټүӳɾ֮λʹúеİӵĿֲó֮Լ׵֮ó֮ٶ죬һΪ𣬺ְֱܿ
˿ûӴı壬צϽ֮ɫɫΪ׵֮ɫΪ޼᲻ݣצޱȼӲһ̱ռʸУɱѳѪʹĺ֮
ˣȼţַ㾹û˿ͣ£֧ʸչļ֮ϣͬʱҲԶԶĳһƷ磬Ҫɫס
ƣŭһؾǿֲ׵磬ҰϢӴ˪ѣͬʱַļʸһεˣ˫Ͻޱȱɫһ˫ȴˣͬʱǰ׵硣
ꡭǼ³һޱȴ׳׵磬ַļʸȥ֮סͬʱһ΢촫ֻ֮гһĺڰʸɫ͵һצٶǰ죬ռʸȥ
໡һֲĲҽ֮Ⱥֻľ޴צĺڰ֮ɫס׵Լ޷ѹƵס
߳ˣȺаռʸһ£˴
ǶҪŭһȴַڿգժ̫֮⣬չϣĮ˵ɱҲΪʥòߵģɱҲ֮ܽԳɣΪϵڱҶࡣ
ɱַ㺰֣һɫ׵糯ַɱͬʱ廯һɫĹһƿصַ㣬ҪһС
ӭһռʸȻ˿˿·˰㣬ɻļʸϣȫͨ廯ɫޱ貣ٶȿ쵽˼飬·Ҫ崩͸ַ㣬ַ
ǿаһЩ츳ģΨ츳׵ӵʵܹ⣬ΪʺˣǸ߰ޱȣûгԹ˭ĿձˣһٰܣѾЩ֮⣬ȴܷĿֲ
浱ԳүүҶ㡣ԳŭһеľȻӶ̼ĹӰضڱΣȺֻؼȫޱȾ޴ĺɫľѹǣء
ɱԳŭ𣬴ܹʹöһ˿ĲǹӰ޾ɽ壬¡¡¡
䡢䡢䡭ȺֻЩɽ岻ϵıѣɵӲĺѿɵͷ鴤
¡¡˽һȣ·涼ڶҡβԳɵľڲÿһβضҡһ£̧ͷ˿Գɽ״̬޾ɽ彫Ƭռϵϣһαһǿֲ
񻯣
˵ĿһԳս˻ľ˾֪֮£Գ屾ս죬жսʤض죬ϰʮһʽصĴܹӵ֮µǣԳһ壬⣬㻹óһ
˿Գɶŭ˼ֿ񻯵ӰӣĽ״̬ж¡
໣ĳڼĽɫ壬תԶȥһɽ壬ٶյʱϾĴѪ˫ҰӺ¡
ַ㿴ŻԡѪȴû̫ĵ֮ɫҲС˻ŵ뷨Щ˶ǰӰ˻һȷǵĿֲ֮ٶȡǿȡ޿ޣҲԳǱ̬ܹսܱڻǿҪɱѡ
磬վǾˡַ૵ͬƾֲħԼЩǿֶΣκˣΪĲ࣬ЩǿֶηӲʥֲֿܹܻؾ緢ӳɱͨص׾٣ܶԸصˣԸּûãľԷ
ԼԳЩǵսѾԽͨߵĲˣǼǵصԯҶߣοԼԳɣǺͨһص߶Ծַ㻳ܽԷɱ
Ҫ˵ԷֻʥûƿذʥƵټϵ͵ľ磬ʥӲֻʥΪǳԵĹֶΣϾЩʥ֮ħӵǿԣܹҷӳǵĹ
ڵ֮Ҫкü£磬ҪΪأȻȫֻҪܹһӳչǿУһֱڴģ
ԳɣԾ˵漴ַ㣺ҿܱã
˵գһ뿪
ַߣĮעȺȴʱԳŰ˹ĵϵ񣬾붯ֵܵģ˭ҳ֣ұ֤֮һֱ
Ⱥ˼⣬²ΪˣŮӵսƿ£и߷ŰټԳɻַ㱾ʥ壬Ѿһޱǿսǣȴǲģ˵׼˭ڱͱһӣƽ׵Գɣֵá
ңַͬ˵ɱҲܽʥԳɣѲǻɱԳɲɣ
Ǻǣ֮еǻȡֻǸոտʼѣǡЩҲǹ֮ˣ֪²Ϊ뿪Ҳ֮ǵһжԤߵУ˭֪ʱرգˣǻץʱĺá
Ⱥ뿪ַ֮ȴǽһӣһĽһƬ޴Ŀռ
չַ֣Ųһ̤ԶˣЦĵˣҲлˮ֮ģǵ񣬶ɣ


1154 ˭ɱ˭
ԶȺַȻչʱɫһĿ鴤һ⡣
Գ£漴ҲһЦеĺɫ͵ţ漴Գ͵ĳǰԶһµѷȥԶȺǿֲ
ȻģʲôöûôÿֻʮϢʱ䣬񣬱ֶκԳһɤӱ;޴󣬴˿һȺĤ
ǣֻʮϢʱ䡣
ˡ˸Ҫӣȴһ貵ļʸɱһ죬˶ըѣǲҲڣγܵ˿µչ֮
Ϣַ³һǱɱ֮˵Ʈüģǿʳ磬ûʲôʴȿԣЩ˼ȻѡͨûģҪˡ
ȺɫѿĲ԰ףַչֿ¿ԵԳ建ڿգǵɫԽĲҰ漴һǵȫַƮȥ
Ϣʱ䡣ַٵһЩδͷһ漴ҲʼԼһ̣֮Уַü֮Ʈȥٳɶ࣬һȵüĵʱַѾʮ֮࣬Щɱ˶ʲô࣬вٵ˼һ𣬾˶ʮ
ɫƳַüģԽҫۣϢ죬ַֻоɿֲڿʼǡ
˵Ĳ٣ǵɫܹǧ֮ɫܹܵס׵ĺ
ַͻȻ뷨һе뷨ҪΪ֧š
ַ㿴˶񣬶Ⱥһ˽ģɫ뿪ˡ
ַĿ⳯ԶƺҪҵߵӰûУûпκˡ
ллַĿ⿴Գ֮ʱ¶һĨЦݣʱ׼飬һڻ֮ʱһ֣ǰ˶ǳҪԳȴüͷδһ£еȫø
лƨαôḯҸҪǣҵҲɡԳü֮Ҳ
áַҡҡͷ˵ԳиԳʣӵиֲֿԴ֮ǣණʶ˵ģá
ҸæҪɱˡַ˸⣬Գ˼Ƭ̣漴ַ˼ߣȥ
飡ַԲҪ˵ʲôֻҪһ񡢻һĨ΢Ц׶Է뷨˸ûʱߣ˭֪Ԥʲôʱ鲻ŪʲôַĲ²⣬֮ǣܿҲһС磬ֻǿֲǿߵС磬֮ΪһҲΪһЩδ֪ĿֲڿһУǸĻƲ⣬ӵĿ¡
նеٶȶǼ죬ʱһУȻе˿ַ֮󣬱ֱӵ㣡
˵գ˻ַ֣Ӱֱʧˡ
ַٴγֵʱߣһλϤӰ˻͸һֶĿҫ۹⻪ַʱ¶һĨЦ
ٶȺܿ졣ַ㵭³һȥһأ֪ԷֻҪͨ˽ףֻҪһᱻͣΪΪ˵
ԣַһʼףһ޷еκεĽ׵ġ
ٶȲ죬ܹõϵ񡣡ԷĮһЦطΪȻǶԷѾһ顣
˵ֻҪʱֵģұɱ֮⣬ΨһһҳֹġַĮԭܹٻսḶ̌һɱַ㡣
ս绹̫Щ貵Ļ֮â£ֲٶȳ֣֮ҫƬء
âͻأĽ٣Ƭռ䣬ý̵üͷ΢΢һ壬ǳֵˣԳɺǼŮӣͬʱˡ
㾹Ѿ׼ˡ̶ַ㣬ɫһ䣬Ȼ䳯ַ˹ȥӰʵһХ֮Ҫַû
ˣַ弱ٵˣ컭ꪳУһΣûʹչԶ̹
ѩ䣬Ȼԭʧһɱصɱ֮⽵٣һ̣Ƭնǿֲɱ֮
ͬʱԳɵϣҰɱŰпֲķŭţüͷһ壬ַ֪ˣҪ
ǣȻת𣬾ҪжߣַЦһЩѾ׼ֻҪһαɱ
⣡Ŀ⿴գ³һһ̣ϣһʥ̵ϿգӰ޾ձ⣬Ƭ磬ѩ硣
¡ҪƱѩ֮磬ȴ·̶һıᡣ
ÿԳŭһֲĺɫӴ貵ĺڰХŽ̺ɱȥ
ȼգŭһȻȼ˻һֻ񣬿ֲޱ߻潫ϵı˪ȫжȻޱȿ񱩵ĺɫľ˹һڱö˼ͷ
ȼԳүү㲻Ҫֵܣ̣ԼҪ֮ǣҲ
𣡡ԳŭһȻһͷԳ֮ӰӶŰ׳ĺɫľҪضѣȴȫŽȥԳŭˣһΣҪ̵
ɱŭһ֮ͻţ·ڳ֣סǿֲľһ΢΢ſȥѪϵͬʱֵˣ̵̰ĴϢʱ䣬ֲı֮⽵٣ýϵĻ涼Ϩ
ҵģַ³һŲһ磬컭ꪴźڰħ֮֮ŽڵԴɱ컭ꪴڽڵԴʱ·һɿֲɼԷǿ
Ȼ񱩵ԳԼٶȼӴȣԷվ޷赲ס컭ꪵɱһ컭ꪴ˶ԷԴţһҪɱ


1155 ɨ
۾ŭû뵽ֽ֣֮ǵУͼٸһԼپЩ۷棬û뵽֮ǵУңһеֻΪ̰ͼһ֮˵
𣡡̷˺ѷε˻𣬻죬һɻĽ֮ӡ
ַ㣬ˣ
Գɴһַɫ䣬֮ϵ͸̵ԴУҲ֪Լܹġ
γ컭ꪣַˣ¡һ֮·һ貵̫ѣֲѹַϣ˿Ѫſ˵ϡ
һڣַĨĨǵѪһȻҪһԷԼü֮ʱַĿһĹâɫƳˣԽʮǸֲˡ
ַˣȻܣģԶֹˡ
ȥ˭Ҷ㣬һɱˡԳһҰ֮ɫȺ쵰Ҫֶνַȥɱãһɱ
һ϶вٺöòȥ񡣡ַҵûըѵĴָС߲ԳɣֻԳʲôԳʵӣܶණȱֻҪԳҪƷʥһУŴԳʲԳʥ˳ɫİӣַ㵹ûԷʹʥ
⿴ͨĺɫľʶǼµġ
ϻĵĽͷǸഫǰõһڵѪ÷ǳ£˻ľҲֻܹѹˣ˴Լ
Գɶַ˵˿ʼ֮ǵķ˸ûҪֵַġ
ļַԳ԰˻ľ̫˽⣬˴ν֮ǣЩɣԳɵĿ񱩣֪ܷеһλ
ַ㣬ҿ϶˻ľ̫ˣ̤ʱҲšֽӴԯ죬ţԳɣڳɳǿ󣬽ӴҲڲϵıǿ
ͺñǰһͨߣҲҪӣǵǲ˼ˣһߣҲʵ߿¶᲻磬ûҪӣЩҪԽ֮֮УһλᣬҪúõİס
˭Ҳᣬ½޾һӵޱǿѪȴ󶼳ʵͽУΪҲӦܹ⣬ҪøǿΪͽǶԣζӵиҰõԴŵͬǲܱøţʿأҲһ̨ףˣ˻ľЩǸλ£һΣۼ֮ǣǻġ
Գǰ֮ʱַ˵һַ΢΢ͷ˵ЩһкõĳЩҲԿֲӵشʣǿܲЩ߹츳ǣҪøҪԼһƽ̨
ҵҪʶһַΪԳɵ˼ƺ㲻ġ
Ҳһ;֮ʤ˻ľһЩ˲ʣǶʼңµһҲ𣬾ͺñһˣ׷Ҹϣ˭ܹߵ۷壬˵Ϊʱ磬Ҫ֤ɾ;λһЩѹȥǱҪģˣַҲˡ
Գɵһַ΢΢ͷССѩ¹һ·λ᲻ǳԵĵһǿ;Уϲ̤ŵʱΪʵǶϣ˽յľأڰ˻ľҲڵĳɾͲôߣǷѩֵطѾǰˣǬҲһϯ֮ء
طͬˡľˣ۽ҲһˣҪԱȵˣڲϵı仯ڣ֤Ϊʵ;УЩţ綼Ҫײһġ
˵ŵͬʱһһУһ̤Уе˵ûнַ㴫뿪ζûһŽȥɱ
òˡַʼ磬¶һĨЦ⣬˵ҪǿϢ۷αװϢ
ţԳַĻƺҪʲô漴¶һĨЦ⣬һա
΢΢ͷ˻֣ʱַӵ۷ĿϢǼٵģ֪ȴҲΪˡ
ַϵȥһǧֻһαװϢһǧַӵеǿԣǾţһëѡ
ַ㣬ұˡԳɶַ˵ַ΢΢ͷղǶҪȥбɱ֮ģԳɰæöԷܵĻᶼûУһ䣬ԱûģڵҪǺޱǿҪһδġ
˽Գɴ뿪ǽ͵˶ĵطȥˣַ漴ҲԼ鴫ߣȥ˶ĵطҪԳɵһ𣬷ֿȡ󻰡
â˸£ַһƬռ䣬һţֱַ̤ϡ
貵Ľɫ⻪ŶչַУͬʱ۷αװϢַϡ
ߣ
ַĨ£һףͺһ˲ڿգת˲һλӵмǧϿգȵ񣬽Υɱ
˿ַĿֲϢԼеչѹʱɫһԵøѿԹԵĽȫ˳ȥǿʳͿ·ûô޴
õַ˲Ϣ뿪Ƭ̵ͣܿ죬һƬһ۷ǿֲֳֿĹһӰŮˣʥ֮ʼɨȺ̫̾۸ˡ
ǿֲĹղŲǳֹ𣬲ӵϣӦһƾ۷ʵģֿʼˣ̫ˣ۷ΪҪʥ˵ǽϲŵҲʥôŰ˵𣡣


1156 ħ
̤ϣַߵģò˵αװ۷ϢټƷʥչ壬û˸ǣ֮ǵӵ޾ĿܣֿµĻû˻˿ȥᣬ˾ˡ
û˻뵽ַ۷ϢлģǼٻΪ޾Ŀܣ˺û뵽ģƩַαװϢֶΣ˸ûȥ룬չһֻ̣λ
һֻһһ˱һ֮תۼյʱѹַѡ˶򣬱ٵֹˣңܶ˵м١ǧģˣڰַͷɫƣѾ˰ȵҪҡϡ
ɫƣʮֻƣܹ򣬻ɫܹܹһһƷʥ˲ģ֮ǵУƾһƷʥ
Ȼ룬жܹõⱾǸµ֡
ˣȴַ۷ϢԼչ⣬ɫƣһǿ壬·;УַҲ˼ǿַʱԶԶıܿǵףǽһĺãһõ˰ʮսΣա
ַ㲢δ˵뷨˿ֻһͷӶᣬӶᳬҪһȻ׼ɱˡ
ʱ֮ǵһϿգ뽿Ŀ⻷ң׼ҵһ
뽿һϮɫͷ𣬽дһĨӢüĵΪɫƣζӵжʮɼǿ󣬶ң뽿ȡԼ磬ֻȡӵйˣֻӶ˶ʮ˲˴˿̵
ʱһ
ˣԶһХ֮ĿȻת漴뽿㿴Ӱٶȿ硣
ÿֲϢ뽿ɫһӵĶͷаɫƣңԷƺֱ˲ͷϿա
ֲͣ£һ貵Ļʸ׼Ŀ΢
ַ³һŮòüСɵܹѩʥŮȼˣȻַҲֻǲЩںģǶԷͷɫƣֻҪһˣ񣬽ɫư
ң뽿ɫһԷϢ۷壬ʥƷʥнµģҲʥټϰʮֲ
ֻϢʱ俼ǣַĮ˵뽿ϵıãôˣ⻹ǵһ˸
ҪĻһ㣬һڵģ뽿ַò£ȴ񣬴˿ƣսǡ
ˣһɿֲϢֱַͻưɫ϶Ϊһɫһֻ̣оֲϢʼ塣
һδϸϸܣ˿̣ȴܹĸоɫĴ˵õɫ֮󣬻ȥнס
õ֮գֱַ뿪ûж࿴뽿һۡ
һڣ뽿ַıӰΪ˻ľĴ˵ӵԺյļӵ޾׷֮ˡӵһ˻ľ֮ӵĸ磬ټ츳ò˻ľû˸Ҷ㵽֮ǣЩҲǷǳ
һΣ˴ˣǴٵ˵ôĮû¶ͻɫֻĮӶᡣ
ַȻ֪뽿뷨ֻǾöԷ˶ѣȻҲ֪Էǰ˻ľˣҲ뵽Էļǰ˻ľΪԺյһңͬң֮صңʡ
뽿ڶ࣬ûһǼ򵥵Ľɫ
һַѾһˣûмǺһ̤С
ֱַ̤֮ӽ˳еߵǰҪһʱ䣬һ죬ʵУһʱ䵱УҪһƬĻԼһƬ׿ռ䣬׵ǿȣҪǡܹܵļǿȣҪ񣿡
еӰ񴫵ݸҿƽ˵漴ַ㽫һĨƬݸߡ
Ҫʮ˵õӰ֮󿪿ڡ
һȥأַʣƬռԾ޴Ĵ۶һϣȥҪȡ˫Ǿֲ̫ˡ
ʮ򡣡ֱӻظһַ΢΢˵ͷһʮܹܡ
ȽƷʥһַ㽫չߣ߽ӹ漴ַüĴɫƣٶ
ǰڿʼղ˵ĽףˣҪһȥַٵ˻˻֣ʱַֻоձãһ̣ǳһƬգգһַһǳŨؾһΣǰһռ䵱У˹Ŀֲס
ǹףַһ֮ɫҪף
ںսַ֮뵽ģ׵磬ǿǿҹٶȿֲһǿټ־ջ壬һҪģ׻׻׿ǽţɱ£ˣַҪ׵Խ꣡
飬Ҫһصһǳʹ࣬㲻Ҫᣬֲɫˡַ¶һĨЦ⣬ȴɫһַ˵ƵᣬȻ˿ڣؽֲܿʹ
תַ㿴ǹ׿ռ䣬һ͵ɫľʦ˵ħΪʣħûгܹʹƾʲôЩӵпֲѪƾʲôȥԽȥ̤ЩΨСħ
·콣߹µ


1157 
ַȻһʱХƬֲĹ׵С
ǣһµֱӺϣֲ׵֮˲ϣͬʱַҲݺݵĲЩ鴤һ̣Ҫɢĸо
۵³һѪַ϶׵֮ӣž졣
ַ㣡龪һַɫò԰ףգҲ˲ò԰ס
Ҫַһ飬ʱ㰲ùҡ
£һϢ岻ϵĳ鴤ţͬʱü֮Ŀֲ֮ᴩ壬·𲻶ϵо֡
ַ㡭鿴ַ岻ϵĳ鴤Ѫͣ۵ĸо·׵ͷһ
أû£ַ¶һЦݣ漴¡һµϵļ漴Ҳݺݵĳ鴤¡
֮ԼԼĽ뵽˽Уǧ˿ƵĹϵٶȼ죬£ܴ꣬Ҳͬǣȥ׵ޱʹ࣬ʹһϵϾʱ򣬽۳ɹȻֻһꡣ
콣ʣǳҲַа콣ʮʱַ·ܹ˺εȿµʹ࣬յٻλһδλԻսʮĥʣһ˻Ķ
Ҳֲ콣͸¶ˣȴûȥԣǷӲŻȥֶΣܹصм
˶ֻ˵ĻԻͣȴڱ󸶳˶١
ڹ֮²ϵĲѿļ󣬵һĿֲ׵繥ȴһֱڼţĹ⻪ԽԽ財ԽԽҫۣϴǦ֮پϴ񣬽ڽɱ䣡
ַſֲʹ࣬˫ˮ˿ȴ΢Щ󣬵żַǻݸһοЦݣ³ЦĻҪЩ
ʹ֮ڼַ࣬ʹУ⻪ϴ֮ҫ棬ӳĿĹâӦ׵Ĺַ㣬ҲӦˣʹ࣬Ѿû˸տʼǰ¡
ʹൽ֮󣬸ּ˲٣ѾܹվͦԼıֱϴ
ֱַͦı¶һĨõЦݣ漴ַֻתһЦСҺܿ㣡
š˵ͷ漴浽һԿʼ룬ǿһЩǷԲַôĿˣȻֻһλŮ뷨ַҪģסߵˣôܹиԼǿ
ʮʱȥѾһɫĽâˣ׵
ܹܵסˡַһ漴ĽŲǰĿ˳ȥôſֲ˹ȥ
ǣַ㲽׵ıԵ֮ʱһֲ׵ֱ£һѪ³ַ屻׹ȥȴδʲôô
ʮ׵ɲô׵˷ˣȻϴҲôһҵɣַѪȴЦ˵֮ϣħ֮סħǿޱȣ֮Ч˿ַתħתˣ·𶼻һڰħ
Ų¿漴¡һ촫ֱȥ˲ϵķַѾ֪Լ˶ٿѪȴܵɱģܹͬʱ׵ǽ׵硣
ϵľŴ˵еʮ죬ַһħᣬ֮ħת׵һ趯ĽŲҲҲ̤˼Ÿǿҵ׵
Ȼַ㲢ʥħԼֲ壬ɲ̤׵ĵģֻһĳԼļޣ滺Ų
·̺׵䲻֪˶ٿѪȥ˶ٲƤ⣬׵Լһǣ֪ǰǿ˶٣һµĲΡ
ַ㲻֪ǣһֱһ飬Ǿ֮ϣ˿ʵǹ˿˿δĨɵ֮ۼġ
ַڰʮʱԼˣôĿصľ磬⵹ַֿЦõĸо׵źţȻͽˣԭһкôġ
յʱڹȥˣַʹַ࣬ΪƵǣϣٸһЩʱ䣬ʱ䱻
߳ʱַ֣һʱһֲ׵ƵвơŰһɹɻѹ
ǴһĨЦݣַ㿴飬¶ֺɫ
ǲǱɵˣԹĿַһۣмĳɷ֣һںЦ֪˶ôֲʹ
ٱΣܹΪٽһǿ󡢲ص׵־Ҳεģַ΢Ц˵ղЩĺôΪˡǿַԵǣ֪ģص׵־Ǳ׵ĺô
Ȼص׵־ģΪ־ҶΪǿˣ׵򣬿ܲڲ֪գ׵־ء
ȻַڴĻһ仹δƷʥĲΣǲ̫ԶģַΪ˷ܵǣоĵһ꣬˳Σ۽ˣ
âЬʤ˭£
ȣ֣ڶڳԷǰ
Σ³׷ĽҲڶɵشܹԣҲھȫ
Ѿƴ˼£ֵǣδΪҸеԺһΣҲһ䣬ҿϵʻУҰɣ


1158 
ַ׵ռ֮󣬱ǽչ½׻ӵеֻʣʮ򣬵ȻȾ˶ԣһǳֲˣùɫַԣȴԵЩ㡣
չƷʥԶʺϲַԲԸףѾΪԼ㹻
飬ǼΣַ΢Цſ飬һʱ߲֮⣬Ʒʥ߲ϣΪӣ˿̸Ů㣬˿֮ġ
ȻʲַЦ£֮ʧ·ͬûһƷʥǿµģ֮£ܶ顣
˵ҪȥԸһ𣿡ʵ
ǶЩȥһˡַЦ£͸һĨЦ֮ɫЩ˵ˡ
ԼȥȡһЩ񡣡ַ˵գһٶգϣһ׵֮ƣһĨ绮㣬貶Ŀҫޱȡ
Ƭַ̣һϿգչһŭȣ񣬽
˿ַɲǣɫ΢΢鴤£ùԹԵĽԼļǧȫ˳ȥ
Х쵽˼飬תۼʧ
̵ģӶٶȡһСĽòӶ˸ǧַֻҪʱ䣬ıûˣңܹõ˱òȥѹĵɫ
ͬԤϵİ㣬ַӶ֮£ϵĵַ֮֮û£̫֮ˣȻôģ̫ǿˣַѡܿȥӶᣬԷҲҶల֮£ڷ
ֵɫˡַ૵һ˿ٶȣɫϴǱǿ壬ڲ֪ндϴ
ҵĴܹɱصˡַ㿴ԼȭͷдپħĵԼħǿȫǿޱƴˡ
飬ҪʲôҰ㻻ַõɫ񣬶һֻ΢΢ҡͷҪúõģ
ɵŮˣַ㸧㷢¶һ˿͵ĿЦ֪鲻Ҫʲôֻ֪ΪԼĬĬĸȴûȥȡ
ߣȥˣַһգķȥ
ǿϢԼֲʥΪɫȴû˸Ӷַ㣬ܹõɫ۷ǿߣɲ˭ȥġ
˲δ̫õʱ䣬ַһ̤С
ǰҪ͵˵ȥֱַԺйճһӵӰ漴ͨݵߵԺС
ȥɣһӣַ̼Ӱ̼ʧС
ں͹˲δֿӶٶҲǼĿֲڵѾʮĵɣҲֵ˶ʮ񣬶ɫ
ʱڵֱӿһ˵ԴϣԴѣֱǧڣǸ۵ޱ͸ſֲɱܱߣżʬ壬ɱġ
ˣһɫ۶ɣڵĵƳΣ˿̣ӵʮ
ϲٹʱ䣬ưˡЦ˹˵
ȵɫҪ̤һˣҵİһâһ֮֮УҪģΪ
ҪҪ㣡ڴʱһĮɫһͣ漴͹ɻع㿴ӰȻַԼ顣
ɫ񣡡˿ַü֮ɫ΢΢һɫַ㣬Ȼӵɫ
漴ڵһ̰֮ɫĵܲЦɣ
б£ðɣַгֽģ漴һʱƮյУƬռ䣬ùɺڵһ˿ɫַ㣬գ
Ѱ·кâɵ˫֮ϣɫ֮ۼ׿ʼţø캮䣬·ܹ׽˺ѡ
飬ȵסҽնɱٰ֮㣡ַָָڣսַǳģ컯ʥǱʱ䣬Ǳϵͷţֱӿؾ磬츳£סڣⲻ
пʼƮѩ⽵ƬĿռ䣬ֻĽŲһ磬ƮȻɣ̤ȥ
ͬʱַĲ̤ɣһںХд֮ۡ
ַеıɱ⣬ɾһƵĿ־У˿̵ַϢ۷壬Ѿ²⵽Էαװģ˿˿
ɱŭһ͸һĨ֮ϢֲƳַɱȥռһ
ַ㾹ܣͬһֱƣЯֲ֮ɡ
һɫַ㾹ƴⲻʲô
ǣ˫ȭײɵȻһͣĿ˸һ貺âôᣬַǿ˳̶ȣ
ɱַŭһֲ֮ѹȶ£ϻ׵罻֯Ϯϣһ̣ɱ׵͵£ݺݵĲ£Ų˺
ҽҪˡ컭ꪳƵУַһ컭ꪳŹɴɱȥֲɱ֮ùɸӲȡʥӣ͵ĺУַķ컭ײ
ˡǿֲÿˣɽӽӹֻоһȵдЩȣȻдϢʱ䣬ַ̤ң٣Ƕһɱ
𣡡һ֮ɫ˫ȫں֮ɫնŽӣޱȿ͵ĺ컭ꪣֲײɨգȻڴʱ̧ͷֻһ貵Яɽâɱ£һ֮У̺֮Լ׵֮˲նɱ¡


1159 
̧ͷգɵɫ΢Щ԰ף֮⽣зַԻ
ӰŭһͬյһӰ񱤵⻯ʹõ£һɹɿֲۼײϵĸǵϡ
һֳֻϿպȥѾצǸۼ׵֮צ
ǣͽҪȻֻһǵĿֲ׵֮ţɵ˲䲼׵磬ȫǰҲ޷ֵַ㷽컭ꪵѹ÷ˡ
ɱٶնɱͬʱַڿգҫĿռʸֱɱɴ˿̻ˣַսе
䣡Ų̤棬ʥӳռʸȥֵסʸֳַ컭ꪵַЯ׻֮ˣ컭һǰһֱ˹ɵϣϵ׶ѡ
ŭһѹŴĺܶͨӵضûС
ɱַɱ磬ݲùȥ룬ֻɱչɣҪڴˡ
ˣɲսȻתڵķȥҪڵǣסַ㣬˿սҲǼĿԣռ䶼⣬ڱεǣס˵
ַ͡͵һֲ׵ֱ֮ܵĹϣ漴컭ꪳıȥ
𣡡ϵϢ׵ķˣת壬ۼ׵ֱ۾סɱķ컭ꪣ޷赲컭ֲ֮ƷʥЯ߿µֱӴؿڣùƺһǲѪĿĶַ㡣
Ȼַֻ̤ңֳһץԶٵƵУùɵݺݵĳ鴤£¶ǿҵĿֲ֮⡣
𣡡ַһɱֻһ׻֮⻮գ·𽫿ռ䶼նһѷ죬ǵѷ첻£ſֲɫâԼ֮ڹɵŻ
һƬշ·𰲾ɵĿ⽩漴ü֮һѷ죬·ӣѪҺʶ
ɷ˻𣬳Ų֮⣬漴¡һ촫ըѿյ׵֮˸ţըѵ嵱г֣ͬʱʮȫַ㡣
ɱڱŰ촫һϵıըѣ͸Ѫ֮⣬ɣȻˣַնɱǲǰţȥַ㣬ȴûϵַˣȴģɱǵġ
ȥַһգնɱȥЯŹĿֲ׻͸ŻĿ
ͬʱչ֣ڼ֮ϣ˲֧ʸڣֱƿն
壡ڵϣײϵĳ֣壬ڽɱ䣬£·Ǹ׵еӣȫǿҰ֮һ֮͸ޱȿԵ
壡ַɫ䣬ԷΪټʣǹܹģ׸ǵһ֮·Ҫռ䣬սǿսʣ˵
ַ㣬һʹʥ֮츳׼һʱַͻȻյĴַ΢΢ͷҲŹһЩѪǿӵԼ츳ͨѩһЩֲ츳ͨģһŵȼߣͨǿ
ãַ㴫ظһ˿̿񱩵ҪݻһУѾ޷赲
ȻʱͷϿգһʥ֮Ʋʰ㣬ϣ͸һ֮Ϣ
ֻ˫ӡӰͻȻѩʧţյУһָڶȥ
ɱںһȭͷɱȥĿֲһָʱ˲䱻ס
ѩ⣡һ³ֻͻȻѩƮڣѩȻ˲ڵϣ˶Ƭѩ档
һַ̣Ҳֳַ컭ԼͬʱǱ֮ѩɱȥ
컭ꪴڵ࣬Ȼȴʲô赲סˣַɫӲԷҲƷʥף컭ꪣɱȥ
ͬһĳڵϣƺѩдһƺߵ죬ͬʱַ׻նԷԴֱն˽ȥѪѩӶ
𡢺𡭡ѩըѣֲַϣַ岻Ϻˣ漴ǿڵӰٴγˣ˿嶼΢΢ţʴڣޱȵǿңԴϣҲѪǰ׽Դڵס˿ѾǸˡ
Ѫɨַһۣ漴ֻڵ𣬿ֲڽչĻУ֮򶼱ƿ漴Զȥڣѡ˱սˡ
ַ㲢û׷ֻǿ룬ܹ˲˺ѽĲµĽ֮򣬴˿̶ԷǿֲģƷʥףҪɱѣøǿУ
Ѿôǿˣ˻ľбأԶԶַԷԽǿȴֻмıǿģеѪϵ׷ǿľ硣
һͣǵһμʱ㻹ôС㿴Լͬ磬ѹˣֻҪȥˣ㻹ǿġǳЦ£ַ㻺˵
ַ˵ͷ׵ġ
ˣڴʱյгһַͬʱ̧ͷ漴ǿ֮һĻĻӰЩӰƺһط
ԤߣҪת𣡡ַ૵˿ճ죬·𿴵˻Ǳȵ澰Щʲô


1160 
֮ǵϿճ澰ַ鿴ˣһ̣޾֮ǣ˶̧ͷգЩȱ̸۹֮ǵ֪ζʲôǵγ澰ָϵ˸
¥ַ૵һ˿̵龰֮ǿ龰м֮˿бĪĳǺ¥Ǻ¥Ļôζţ֮ĳʵ֣֮ǣЩط
֮ǲܸ޵ʱ䣬Ҳڿʲôˡַ૵һ̤֮ǵ˶룬ⲻ֪ж˱ȻҲɾ˵񣬵ɾ͵ģЩ˵ǿߡ
֮ǣΪŶ׼ĵطߣԤԤ޵ˣȻֻԤЩǿ츳ˡ
ַɴһɻ֮ǵһִڣǷĵ򣬱ʮʥݣǷҲһ֮ǳֻ֣ܽɻĵףڵûʸӴһ档
Ǳ߱㿴ַ˵һ漴Ųһ̤棬ڿգչ֣ŽӣɫҫֲۣϢ죬Яһٶˣû˸ҷֻҪչһ֣ԷԹԵĽ񽻳
żȻַ㿴˸·Ҳ̽һף˿ˣڳĳλȥǱߣƺʲôشҪ
Ŀٶַ̧㿴յе澰૵ʲôҪˡ
ǿԸ澰ָҵʵڵλáʱַߵһַ΢΢ͷ漴澰ָϵĳĳλ˸ȥ·;УȻŹӵĻᣬֻҪǧˣҪġ
ȻַûԤϵǣһ·;ȻңԶʱ䣬ɻûеĿģ֪֮ǵĺ嫡
ַ㣬ȵ죬ü֮ɫƣϵĴอǣɱ䣬һɫƸ飬ȻַԵǣܼĻŮʱʱȴ־ǿĺܡ
ַ㣬ܵ𣿡ʱ˼Ԧַһ
ַ΢΢˵ͷĴͷǳȻǸܵ˵ġ
գƺóԽǰУԽԽȡ
֮⣬ˣԽԽˣÿһ˶Ϊǿ󣬱ԶձҪǿһЩ
ûˣЩе龰֮ǵУʵͶӰַʱ·𿴵֮ǰһɵĹϵҲ澰֮ء
ַûмӶˣѾ˺Щʵǿˣؾ˶в٣һЩ˵Ϣ۷壬ǳ£ȥӶǵһЩڣ»սһòʧ
ַ㲻ȥˣȻҲû˸Ҷֵģ̤ʥ֮Хգֳչӵ˭Ҫ֣ҪȵһԼķԼ񣬺ַȽΡ
ȡڣַ㿴ԶһɺɫĻ֮ޱߵĳ֮⣬Ǵﴫġ
ˡһԶǰѾ˲ȺƬַ֮ڿգͣǰĿ͸һĨ𺳵ɫ
򣬳ǰģһƬȻȴֲֻл棬ƺһ޾Ĳаܳǳأ۵ĵ·гǱǽӵͨ죬ȴеĴڡ
ֳǳصƺԽԽ죬ߣǻӵȡ
Щ·ƺǹ߽ȥġһЩѵĵ·ܹˣΧ˶ܹܵˣƬаܳǳص֪龰
ѵΪʿ׼ģַͬһ漴̧ͷȥڲ֮ϣƬ澰ɻڣȴԶԶֹһƬô򵥵ģУ̫ĳ֯ǰĲһ
Ȫˮ𳤺ӣ׵֮򣡡ַеֳУ֯һƺʲôУƾΪ˸޶ڵġ
ң澰ָĵطƺǻ֮
Ҳζţǰ嫵ĵ򣬾Բֻлô򵥣Ҳֻλǻ棬ôλƬռĻʲôأַ㲻֪Ҳֻ֮
֮ǵĻֻҪץסˣܹı˵ˣ˵ת֣
Ƭǰ棬һƬĻ֪Ƿ赲˽С
ҪƬҪɫУңղҿһ߽ȥˣü֮ɫֱĵˡʱһƺǿ⴫˶еġ
ɫ񣬻ȡеĻ᣿
ȺĿһúݣߵȺвٵü֮ɫˣ֮٣Ҫ棬ȻҪɫ񣬶ңֱĵżδҲֲ̫Щʲôط
ɫ񣬲ģҲԺ˸ı䡣˿˵ɫΪߣ˵Ĵ󣬿֪Ҳǿֲġ
Ƭˣ˵ҲһҪȥɫǵߣĻֻ濴ŵķݣ˵治ˣʮа˾ܹʺʲôͽʲô򡣡
һһʱձøĽ
ܶûɫôҪô죿
ֻһ취ӶᣬǷǳ࣬ң˲ϵģԲȱģ˭ܹᵽɫ̤뵽ȥ
в˵ַϣɫǴֱ̤ȥˣ
ߣ
ַ¶Цڹ֮Ҳ湻ݵģһƬȴҪɫΪ߲ܽ棬һ֪жҪѪ̭
ܹ̤ˣ¶Ƿǳģ淢ײԼҪ̭һ
ҲߵƬյ㣬ſ֪һЩ


1161 һɱ
飬ǵ÷ֿˣַ˵ͬԷ˵Ƭ澰У಻ͬĵַȻϣʺ򣬶Ǻһ
ڶûý֪ûʺҵĵطһʺϵ򡢻бѩּ֮أӦĶԷ
ѩӦеġַָе澰ӵĸУбããѩ֮أӦѩ
ַأ׼ȥʲô򣿡ʵ
ɣҪ׵֮壬˳ַЦ£̰ãȻ׵־Ѿ־أϣȽ׵񱩻׵磬廹ǹǷǳ
ȻǿԵĻַȥ򴳵һģЩҲֲܹİе澰Уһ֮Ȫɫ峺Ȫˮƺ
շھϣҲó֮һ֮ˣȻȪˮУô򣬿϶Ҳеģֻǿֲܷڲͬĵ
˵ͷƬмѩĻôȷо޴ôģȻܴʵǿҲַһЩ
㣡ڴʱһӰԶԶĴһַֻоһɺֱϣо䡣
ת漴㿴һŮǳƯַһ۱ϳ˶ԷȻֻҴҼһΣŮֻһ۱ǵģңǽеһμ棬ַ˶Է
뽿ַ֮ɫ˲ûб˴ٹ֮ǣ˿Ϳģַ㣬ȴֱӽϵһˡ
ˣʱ뽿вˣӵ·֮Ů㣬뽿ߴ֮ˣҪ˱ڶԼӢʵ̫ˣıûвʶǵģ·;Ум츳ڵ˸ߡ
ǵģαװòҹûˣڻɣϢǼٵġ뽿Ķַ㣬ɵûҵַ֮Ͳ²ԷֶͨλͨıһЩʲôȴҲУûǰˣֻ˵Ǽٵġ
û˵ΪӦ侳زŶԣңαװòλӦÿӰġʱ뽿һ˵ĿڣַɨһۣҲΧֻûг֣˿Ҳ뽿ߣŮ˷ǳ
ô˵ʱչǿǱ˽Ӱ֮ϵˡ
ؾ뽿΢΢ҧ촽Ȼһصαװ۷˽˶ʮд
ֵʱȥ׷ˣ֪Ϊλʧܡʱһ˿ڷ̸ղ˵֮ˣ֮䣬ȻҲôг
Գɺ죬ϵˣߣҲˣϧĶ粻ڣĻ¶Էġ֮˵˵
񣬲Ǻܺ𣡡
ɫ񣬿ͨŵֶν˲٣뽿ַü֮ƣĵ
ȺĶԻԶ֮˵Ҳ¶֮ɫαװϢֻصʵ
ǣƣɫ
뽿ĽŲǰƸһ㺮˪
õ֡ʱһ֮˽Ųһ磬ֳֳìźɫĻ
ǺǣҲԸЧ͡ʱ˸͸һĨ֮⣬и˼ַ㣬ӵɫɱԷõԷ񣬷һ뽿ǵһ룬ְɣȻղ˵ַΪֻأǲվġ
飬߰ɣַ㵭˵򲢷ǵĿַ꣬׼̤򣬶̤ѩ֮
ţЩ˵ɫ΢΢һǣ
ֳֳìֱ֮ӳַɱȥʱһɿֲϢַ㣬ڳì£
ַȻת罣׵ӿĿ¡
ˣңַ̤˲ͶԷ컭̶ֱǵ촫˲ڶԷϣꡭìڷ컭֮´мѿ漴컭˲ϢԷ塣
˵Ŀ⽩־΢΢˸׼ɱַͣյУÿĲһɱ
ǣâţԷ׵統лʧΣɨȺһַۣ㵭ĵҪңҲոһЩ񣡡
ֻӶѣַɨ뽿һۣŶԷ˼
ػ۷壿ɫӲĿⶢŸղ˵ַΪֻصˡ
Ϊز٣սټϵʥɱصӦòģ˵ɫƽ˵
Щ뽿ܵ˳Ĭ漴һ˸ڲַ֪Χס
ַɫһ䣬漴ɨˣչȻС
飡һڿգһ֧ʸַС
ַ뷨˪Ƭأһʥ֮⽫֣ϣƮѩ
⣡³һʱΧһƬᣬΧסַ˶оһͬʱռʸɱգ·̫Ҫ䣬첻ϣһӰֱɱַ㡣
ЩδֵȺɫݺݵĳ鴤£һɱصˣȫߵģء
ߣַһ黮գһ̣վû˸׷ȥ
㡭Ⱥ꣬ɫѿ
˵ŮӵսɱһͨҲûģңǱƺһλߣ˵Ц£ɫӲ¶⣬˶Է񶾵˼
Ǻ¶ԷЩ̫룬ЩҲá˼뽿뽿΢΢ͷ


1162 Īϧ
뽿ɫһȻĻΪ⣬ԴΪ˽ģߵȺУǿˣ˵£µģֻ뽿ǣȻԷΪֻأ
度˲ˣǲ壬ЩʸҡҪֺȴϰ߱µĸоЩûõˣȻʲô飬ɱֻܡ
Ȼ뽿սĻӦʤġ庬Цһ뽿¶һĨЦ⣺Ȼˣսһصˣıһλߣ⡣
˵ţ΢΢£ˣֻѡл֤ΪʵţĻ󣬻¶棬뽿Ϊ֮ˣ˵һЩߵĴԡ

ַԦΧ򼲳۶УȻ۵ȺԽԽ࣬ʵҲΪյķʣµˣȻ̫ϡ
ַ鷢֣Ƭ򼴱ֻڣǼһʱ֮еַ̤˻򣬳һƬ貵ĽɫʵĹĻ֮ƺ޾ķ֮֮ǽ
˼ǰУ·;УȺַӵɫƵʱ򣬺ܶ˶¶̰Ŀ⣬ȻַܵϵϢǱͷ۷Ϣõɫ޼ɵУ˻
ַο򣻵Ŀľ֮򣻵Ƭˮַ֮黥һۣ
ֻصɣַеһǵһʱ򣬺Ȼ֣棬ص˻
ֻƬ򣬶ңȻ˲ʱ䣬һȦˣƬҲýôѣյеӰʲôַ¶һĨ˼ɫ׵ġģ
Уַüƺ뵽ʲô㡣
Ҳ²ǶԵģ֮Ϊԣ׵硢˵ľ˵ӦľģЩǿԵİ壬ӦǴеģ֮С
һַ㿴˼ǣҪͨܵ
Ҳɡ鲢ȷַ£漴¶һ˿Ц⣬һ漴Ƶжһࡣ
ַͺһ໯Ƭ֮Ӱ˳վַǰַ۾Ȼ
ɫҲһһλӰĿϢԵһ֮ʣΪȴǿֻؾ硣
ַ㽫𣬶һǵǻѡ
ڻĺַ֮֮꣬Ӧ˸㽫Ƿ뵽ʹУѡַЩһˣǶǿߣϽյʵ棻һˣַȻǡ޵
ǿȽʺңӵһ˿֮ǸϽ˿˵Ҳ˺ܾʱ䣬ȫƿء
˵츳ǳ浹ǿϧˣȻΪ˵㣬ܾȥ޵ڵ
ðɣַԣд˿ǰ죬ֹŹֵĸо޵츳ǲö˵ѩ£һһˣ˳߲ӵзӡ֮꣬ѩ¹ײСȣǶ޵߳ѩһΪ
ǵʱ֮Ǵ𣿡ַ㲻˶˭ԣȻ޷Ӱ쵽ʲô
֮ǣɫһͣ漴ַ֮û˵ȴеģ
ַɫһ໥һۣ˵ˣҲ֪ϹŵĴڣʱ򣬾
Ĵڣַʵǰǽһ
΢΢ҡͷϽüͷӦһ½һɿֲ˵ϹʱڵսƺЩ֮ˣ߲û֪ʸ񣬼յλʣϹʱڵĻսжʲôһЩţҲ
ַԣλʣһսжǿߣɼϹ֮սжôֲʲô
׵塢塢ɱ¾ȵȣЩǷ񶼹ԣ
Ȼ컯صһж֮֮⡢֮׷Դжѣ޵Ӧ˵ַ΢΢ͷ²Ĳд֮ǲ֪Ǻ˿һתֵΧֻҲȥܹ֮ͨ
Ȼˣһȥɣˮ֮룬Σַ˵
ã㱾̫֮ȥҲʣ⣬ȻܹˣôҽȥĻǷҲܹܿɫģַ˵ַ£漴ߣȥ
ȥɻ
˽ȥַ˳ȥУֱַӶǿߵǰҪȥߡ
˵գַԺйһ˵Ӱ񣬴ݸߡ
߿£漴񲻹ڵĵطҪÿһ񣡡
ַӵжȻһ֮âͷ΢΢£ʵģ
ˣ˵Į˵һַ¶һĨõЦ⣬ղţݸ˵ӰǾĪϧ
ţңڵĵطҪζţĪϧƬ棬ַǳ˷ܵϢҲͻȻһ뿴ĪϧǷ֮ǣ̫СˣǣȻˡ
ȥַĵӰ񣬴ݸˣĿŵĶŶԷ
֮ûгֹ˵ĵ
һˣǰûпܳַ̽ʵ
ܹ֮ʵһУֻ֮ǵУǽ֮ǵʱҵҵǣҲҲݽҲ˵
ַΪʧ䣬Ҳֻһ˲ѣļţҲһ֮ǵģȥطҲ˵


1163 
л֮⣬˿ַһ˵Ӱ
ַ㡢顢ԳɡʸϽ޵ڣʹƷ֮ͬǣͨҵԳԼʸȻӵΪβһ棬ʡ¼Ǹֲ֡
ַ㱾뽫ԼɰҲһȥǵʹǣȽϴҲˣһʵĹϢй¶ȥԾʲô£µʱ鷳Ķࡣ
ҪҪھͽȥַһ
ȵȥһЩ񣡡Գɵ˸һĨɫʣ漴ŰųԶһ˹ȥ¡һ촫ɫľȻ͵˵ϣضݺݵ¡
ȫóԳɰԵ˵ַ㷭˷ۣѾģݣԳƢԱֱ꣬ҰԼǿʲô͸ʲô˼ʲô
ԳɣλŽУôǷ̫صˡϳԳɣǳõ˵Գľ˹ȥ޴ľ̩ɽѹµǼѸͣ㡣
ˡֲľ޴ľڶԷͷϿͣ˲佫Էųһ亹嶼΢΢š
óԳɴһףΧȺǳ鴤˵һȫ˸뿪ѾĴ򲻹ֻˣֻǿļһｫȫ˳
ˣڰˡԳɿľ߻ַԣ漴óʹ֮ڵ
Ƚȥ̤ǳַżʾ⣬ԳЩ⹬ƺ͸һɹӵϢ漴һʹУʵЩκβǵġ
ַ㽫ʹСУ漴˻У˵˲䣬ƬػȻַɫ΢΢һͬʱü֮һɫƣᣬȷҪɫ񣬺ÿֲĴۡ
濴Ĳһ
ǰƬռ䣬ͬһưܵĳǳأŹϵϢֲĳ֮ǳǿңȷǻ򣬵翴£ȴȫͬһռ䣬濴ģһƬþ
Գ½֣ƬаܵĳǳʱҲ¶ɲɫ
ôоϹŵĳУսݲˡԳаܵĳǳиܵһԶ֮ǿҡ
ַ˵ͷȷǹӵϢ֮ǣΪֽǴУƺϢ
ߣַһ漴һǰ˸ȥĴǲа֮ǻ˹ս㡣
𡭡ڴʱһ޺֮һǰţ漴ǿǰһǰһͷ޻˳
ʨȴ죬֮ӴͬһݰСһֻŷ·ܽ˲ž޴ַ߿һۣ˸оЩ
ַ𾪵ǣü֮ƣɫƣ
ôоƺص˹ȥϽͶ޵˸ڵħʨޣǳ͡
浹мƣַΪȣϹʱڵޣ֮Խĺˡ
Ҫǣ񣬼ȻˣͲؿˣԳɿźɫľֱӳ˳ȥ磬ֲľֱӳħʨ˹ȥħʨͺһϳ֮ɫĻ淭צӳޱȾ޴ľȥ
໡ֲײ֮ħʨצӶѣɳԳɺȥĿ¡
ӱԳŭһֱۻԳۣ֮ݺݺͶԷź䣬ħʨվԳɣҪܣȴֻ¡¡ϣضɽҡֱʮȭħʨų׵ûϢƮԳɵüġ
󺦳һڣĿɿڴǱҵҪ޸ˡ
ԣַҲԣսƬ򣬾һͷҸԳƴޣԳӲĺ˼ʮȭŽ޸ɱɼԷжǿ
ɫ񣬿ʵǵйأղȻҲӶǵ񣡡ַղĸоħʨȤһֱַĸо
û棬Ҳк񡣡ԳȴԵø˷ܣҰһ汩¶ţΣǻ
ˡԶһӰӹһǿߵӰȻ½˽аܵĳǳأܹ̤ģӵаɫǿߡ
ӿٶȣȻĵ߶ɫ񣬿ɼĻж󡣡ַ˵漴һ˼ǰУңԶ֮أż¡ıԼ۶ܹڻ֮УԵø
ʱбһ貵Ĺ֮ȻȻӶ񣬲ص֮أҲ˾ͺܹˣܹ˱Ͳ̫ࡣ
ʲôĲԶһԵøһǿʢ
ȥԳƸܵʲô͵ıֱɫڹ֮⣬赲˵ߡ
Գɿľֱӳ˽ȥַһ̫çײˣ뵽ʲô͸ɣ治һĺҲΣ
䣡һӰ˳漴ݺݵ˵ϣõ΢΢£ȻԳɡ
үүģÿֲϹ֮ǣԳŭһ漴ľ죬һĳ̤֮ȥ¡¡ĲԳɣŭˡ
뿪ʺǣȥѰ֮ǣı˵ĵطԳɵӰֱӲУֻ˴кַЦ
䡢䡢䡭ֲײ֮ϣҰ˳ãŽİ
ַĿ˸£漴߰ɣ


1164 
ַ˵ĽŲ̤漴ȴһ˵촫عͷǾȵķ֣Ʊһص֣Ʒӡ˰㡣
գַԵĶ޵һǷ֮ԳɽȻˣֻ׼һ̤룿
ǶҪҪȥѰҸԵĻַعͷϽԼ޵ϽʵΪǿǶԷܹȫƿصĻû̫⣬޵ȴƫЩ
ķѰ̤Ϲ֮ǣȥѰҸԵĻ̫ϧЩһĻȻȫһЩҲһЩᡣ
ãҲһӡϣʱǡ޵ַ֪Ҫպôλǿߣƿ˶޵ҲԼļ䣬ӵж޵һЩҲӵԼһЩͨͱֶΣû񣬱Ҳ޶ɱСĵǡ
뿪ַȡѩȫ˳ǵһϹųǳأǶԻһڣҷȥԼСĵ㡣
ЩޣҲûʲôֵǳȥףǺ˰ɡ
ڹ۲һ֮󣬶ַʾ⣬漴׷뿪ֻһѩ
ַ㣬ѩĸƣҲܷӸǿðɡַҪѩѩҲһʥܹѹޣųǵУȻϹŵޣлᣬҪѹͷ޽ȥ
鿪ڣַȻ漴ֿ󺦳棬󺦳ַ˼Ҳ뷨ЦԼߡ
ãԼСġַ㴷´󺦳ؿڣ漴ȡϵʥŴ󺦳ҪʲôԼ
ҵǿˣŶܰɡ󺦳ѡɫ֮ܣҲˣֿߣһ˿ᣬַܿһֱţҪǿȻҪԼȥңҲ
鿴ַ㳯δȶԷڱҡͷַҲû˵ֻһЦ֣ǰС
ȷһޱȹϵưܳǳأַ㿴˺üͷޣȫɫ¶ǲǵļһַûȥЩޣô׶Ըġ
ַ㣬Ǳߡʱָָһλֻ죬·ҪӺ죬ϼɡ
ÿֲĻ棬ȥַҲ޻棬Ǳ߻񷣬ҲмȤ˵γǱ˸޵˻ϣǵǰʱ򣬾ķ֣Ȼͷս
ڣֲ񡣡ַ㿴һͷޣ̫м֮ȫǿֲ棬Ⱦ죬ŵͬǻޣƹ꣬ȴַûޣϹʱڵޣ֪û
ͷ޵ԱߣһƬֲĻͬһɽ㣬񷡣
򣬹ǻ򣡡
ƺǻƬĿצ£һ貵ƬͨɫޱȣУл沨
ѽ»棬һ貵̫³ڵĹȥͬʱſֲĻ棬·һɻ֮ιռ䣬ַԶɸоĳȣ۾ǹȷ֮΢΢ˡ
棬Ѿ޽ӽڰĻˣҪռ䶼ȼ
ȻȴֻǹȻſþ޴ֱӽ̫˽ȥһԹۿַԣ޶Իޣս˫ͻ𣬳ܴ󣬷ղԷ
Ȼսͷ޶ûƬնƱʳͷһֱػöƬսԵɣ֮
ƬռһֲĻ֮ϢնЩģַоǳ棬̫Щ
ˣڴʱ͵Ĳ£漴ַֻͷ޵սȦһ껺ĲУǿֲĻ档
ǿߡַɫ΢ֻƻʱǹϣһâǹС
ɱһݺύâųֲĹʣ漴Ѫǹ屻˺ѵһֱۣӽ֮С
ĿⶸȻתŽڿȥƽȴַ·
ѽڿһĻһ˻漴תŲɶݶȥҪ
ſ漴Ųٶһ磬ʧֲâٶȳ֣֣ڵɷҡϣķգȴֶֻһһڵ塢˺ѣ񣬱ã
ÿֲʵַ㿴Ͷɱͷޣͷ΢΢£˿Ψ֣ǿ
ʵ̫ˣ֣һԸͷޣԷ˲Ĩɱ
ַа⣬֪ˣǲԳɿָİ˻ľ֮һ˸âɱӦŲƺͿռɱ꣬ܿңǷǳһְ塢ռ壡
½ȱţ嫵İ˻ľȻҲУ˿ַ̣һλˣɱһͨ߶׾٣ղŻɱͷĶ̫˳ˣͶҷ
Ŀַ⳯Ͷһ񣬲δ֣öƬƵУƬֲĻ浱УַףҲԷѾռ⣬ûȥǻƬʱֲֲС
飬ȥַ˵΢΢ͷЦȥɣ㣬ǵȾˣһ뿪ȥѰȥĵط
Сĵ㣡ַԴ΢Ц˾䣬漴Ųһ磬ƬУ֮⣬кü˴Χ߻ӦöԵޣ


1165 
һɿֲĳ֮Ȼ併٣ֱַ̤ƮĻ𺣵УԪתݣɫ׵żַ˸Ŀֲټϱ棬Ȼڱˡ
Ƭƺܴ󣡡ַе漴̧ŲŻϢŨĵط̤ȥģҪϳܸǿĻܹ֮Ｋޡ
һα׵̵ᵽĺôȻʹҲǲصģѣ漴ָգҲǹɻУ׵һԳص׵־
ĸŻǿķλַԪתݣ뵽ڡ
ֻŲַĿ΢ת漴һ޽ŲñҪ죬²ݣĻȶǷǳĴ֮ʱ涼ڣ֮ʱгȵĻ֮³Щ棬·ѾΪá
Ļ湦Ӧ÷ǳǿ󡣡ַһԷ·֮ʱһۣ漴ԿǰУַϢ۷壬ӵһɫƣԲƣûͻల¡
ַ򣬵շ쾭תַ΢΢ϣϳһųȵ̫ͼҪǣ޾̫֮𣬶ʱԪתø࣬ϵл汻ַɣȡеԪ
ˡڴʱַ̫ͼƱøΪЩַ˫ȻſȵĻ֮ĿŶǰԶȥоһɿֲܹշ쾭̫ͼӦ
ַٶȶȻӿԪХ֮Ȼٶȼӿ죬ǿֲĳ֮Ҳڲϵĵţַ㽥ĸܵһǿҵѹ棬Լܵķ룬һᱻ˺
ܿ죬ַкˮˣԪΪܣһ·ַֿˣǻޣ͸ǿĻϢΪأ֮ˣַиܵһѹ
ܹɫˣ̫򵥣ңЩ¶лġ
û˷ͻ˶ڳͬһǰУͬ棬ַһ˿ĸоԷȻҲܹܵǰҪǰȥ
ƬƺãַǿоЩԲ·嶼Ҫ㣬ʱնгڣַ֮С
һزˣܶ඼ָо
ˡַδֹͣԹУѾܵǹ쵽ˡ
ԶһƬֲ֮ڸ߿գ·еĿֲƬ򣬶ɵġ
񣿡ַĿԶ߿յУһοڣƮյУػ֮³ֲ𺣣ı󣬺һ̫
ڣΪ̫񣬴˵Ǿס̫е񣬵ȻǴ˵ԣɷϽһֻ̫档
Ӧԭ𣿡ĹǴշ쾭Ϊ̫̫йء
Զʱʵʱַ·õģڣĻȿֲ֣֪ʲô澰
ַǰԶַֿ꣬˿Ҳפǰ̧ͷǽ񣬷ǳİңˣĿȫһطе̫
ַҲվûжǹɿֲ̫嶼ҪѰ㡣
Ƭ𺣣Եøãкü˵ˣʱŲڶһǽ̤ȥһΣûʹŲƵ̤ͨ
ͬʱߵĺüҲˣֲţһ̤յУĿ꣬
ˣһռţǰɫâٶȽ֯ǽ񶼲棬ȻַȴõĻͻȻţǰɫâֱӷյһâûʣ£ٵøɸɾ
ⲻǽʲôޣҡһŻ棡ַ㿴һĻɫһֻǽֲ֮ޱȣ֯һ壬ڵͼͺһǣȻһŻ棬۳ͼĻ棡
ѹˡѹЩͬʱ̤
ʱַͻȻ뵽ϴɽ֮ףŻ棬֮ܿܺһһֻ棬ܹΪͼǿ棬ʵ飬Ӧһ𣬶Ǳ֮Ҫǿ
𣬶ңڣ̫Ĺƥ䡣ַһ֮ɫȻ˿ǰգ궼ټˣռҲã˲佫ʩչٻٵʹÿռŲƵͨû壬ȡֲ֮εĽ̫մϣ»ᱻ˲յ壬ðա
˿˿ɫ׵ַϣַ֣֮ĽŲ̧ҲŽڻ˹ȥһʱҲͣڿˡ
ƣֶѣֲɫֲָܹ֮
Ǽһڱˣа취֮ߵģַΪƣرǰȴգһξչ֮ףһ̫𣬹һգ׵ۣڣ
꿪ʼΧŽڻ߶貵Ŀռâ֣͸ǿĿռ
ڸʲô˶ĶʱȦǵĿռâһȦ֮ƵڶȦտʼǺһ򣬷·ҪƬռȥ
뽫Ƭռ䶼߰ɣȺ΢΢£ңַղĿöԷڿռ֮ϵƿأųֿܣ


1166 
ȵеĶ˿һâһʱƬռ΢΢̫汻棬Ȼǿռ
Կռ˽ףȺĿһռ䲨Щȹ̡
ˣһɿֲϢͻȻţâըѣռ̫ȴǣ֮Ȼƿ˿ռǿܹõĿռֲ֮ڽб˺ѡ
ڳĲȺоһεѹܹÿռ֮ղ߽ףҲѡ
ˣڴ˿̣һâֻһ˼һ貵Ĺ˲併ٵ׵Ͽա
ʥȺֻ貵Ľɫﵱдһǿͬʱ׿ȥĽװ˽ȥ
ǽɫĹͨó죬ȫǻ棬Ⱥ·ܹһӰ֡
˺һҪʥ֮ջأ¡һ촫ƺһֻʥƬɢȥˣʥ֮޼𲻹ղ߽ףֱӷٻˡ
ף̫֮ΪȻŰʥըˡ
ַ˸м˳ԣûãʵûǿʥ֮ղ߽ס
һĻַҲͽױһľ룬΢΢ϣϥأһƳȵĻ档
ȺַͶһĨ֮ɫһΨһûг̽ˣ֪֮ȻԴ
ʱ仺Ĺȥַϳ̫ͼ֮еĽ֮ϣֱǿֲ֮
ܿȥ쵱У꽫ӹжƬˣ죬ֲһζȡףûгɹ뿪Ƭ
Զŵĳǳػ̫ܶ࣬ʱ仨ֵá
ɢļ½ˣֵ˼ˣû߽ףҲ뿪ˣֻʣˣϥַ㣬ɻ˰̾һ湻ƫִģһⲽߵַǰЦ۷Ϊʱ˷δЩֵˣ
ַԷĻЦǸΪҲ
ǷܽߡĿƵĶַ㣬ַ£ô򵥣
ǵģΪƫȥطҲӮˣ翴֣ǲһˡЩһͨĻ泤ӡһͼΪȷߣֻؾ磬ͷֻлɫӡǣɻôġ
ˣұԡַЦ£վ
ҹȻûв´µ˼ˣа취ߵġ˺󣬴ſֵ̬
ûаգ԰ɡַ㵭˵֣Է뿪ַôоԷлԼ㲻õڳ֣ΪҲܻߡ
ֻǿôַǲŵģ
һ֮Уһ޴Ķǣû貵Ĺ⻪ֻе֮⣬ֻһƽ֮ûʲôر
ǡ˶еĶ£ϳⶦ
ϧǲȱģ¾Ϲűѹշˡ̾˿漴ַֻһǶŽ׵۹ȥټһŻ档
̼䣬У貵Ļ֮ɫ֣ž죬ǽڲȼգŰ̫֮ҪյȻޱι̣˿Ϊ֮
ԡַΪϲϹűһֱն֪Զȡ뷨ȻЧ
Ų͵һ磬ַ˲Ϣžȥ
ˣһɷ󴫳ַҪͷҲ֪ʲôҲϵԷĿĲֻ뿴ô򵥡
ɱһŭȣȻֲ֣ɫâֱӳŶԷɱȥ
ֱ͡͡Ӵ͸Է壬ȻȴԷѵû˺üӰӣͬʱǰȥ졢ԷͺһӰ㣬Ѹ͡
ԷͺһȻ֮䣬˵ӷţһɿֲ쫷ֱ֣ӽֲַַ֮ŲȻһսʥƵͨɡ
ַȻת컭֣ꪳ͵ĳŶԷɱԷдٶȸǿ쵽˼£Ǳһꪴбɡ
ˡˣſֲȻӶԷж죬նҪٻ٣ӵУȻɳӰֱӳַɱ˹ȥ
ͬʱϿһ̤䲻ٶַ㣬ǶžǬ
תַڿƣȻǬе̫ˣվһâ˵Ľ˶Է棬ɳɳֱӱպַ㾹оԼ;һϵˡ
ͬʱַǰײֳַ컭ꪵûռ˿ˣ˫ֿʱǺ˵ǰ棬ЦַΪ䲻Ҳʤλʦ²ô׵ģͽ׺;֮飬ʦֵ˼ˣ౨
ַ㿴ŶԷǵЦݣ̬ɵȻǺ˿ǽթ֮ԽˣԽΣգǬԷܹˣҲ״ģ˵ʵΪء
֪λγƺַЦһ侲
¸ڣλʦ֣Իɽϣ׻ͽأԷܺʵ
ڣȻڣֵɽ׻ͽһΪ׻ʣ֪Ǽһ˻кθܡ
ַ̨㣡
ԭʯλǰĵһͽ֮ٴлˡ˵漴λʦڿ뿪
ַԸ֪ԼΪ⣬ȻɻµˣϢҪͨһЩ֪ʲô˸ʲô˲ӵǬˣǼһǿӹ˰ɡ
ַ㲢δȥ׷Է׷ҲûãղŽ֪Լ¶Էġ
·أ


1167 ɱ
ףַһͬһеȼģ׵ĵȼӦеʥڻʿԣļֵҪԽʥܹõûɱУʥֻһѷȫ
ղǽףһ࣬Ϊ̫ףΪ̫棬ǰַۿ׽һǿߵʥӴݻٵʥƷʥҲζţ׵ĵȼǳԽƷʥģܹõ壬ǽ֮ɱˡǿΪ
ϴε֮ף±ǱǼһȥΪˣ׸ַĸо֮׸ֲ֮Ҳʺ
ۼײԼˣȴһѶߵַǲĵģ⼸ҲûջĻ־ȹ˵أص־ˡ
Ųһ磬ַ˸ƬΧ˸ȥôЩȥв˴˰ɡ
˻۵ΧʱΪۼһԵʣǿߣҪȡҲ׺ܶ࣬Ҫ̫Ǳܵõɫ
ַ߳ʱѾ뿪ˣʵټƷʥ߲£ַ㵹ǲᵣʲôǴ󺦳ģ󺦳Ϊƫ˵кܶҲΣյġ
ġַ㵱ʱûȥʵԭģһΪԵʣһԭַϣĽðգŮ֮ģԵ˶ԣȫ
ַ˸ϹŵĲаܳǳصУżܹһЩޣӵɫַӵɫĿޣûȥɱЩޣѰ
ܿ죬ַ㵽ʱַ˸ڵӰ漴ݸˣǰҪһ˫۾ܹڵλãԼΧľ¡
˿ַһۣ漴ƽĵʮ񣡡
һˣ͸ԷΧһУҪȻַѾƻܶ࣬ƺЩ͹
ַ΢΢ͷ漴ٶӰȫݸˣһҪڵλԼΧ¡
ԣһʮ񣡡˻˻֣漴ַоԼü֮·һ˫۾㣬ʮ˲䱻ᣬַ΢ЩۣţⶨȻֵõġ
߳ַü֮·һ˫ۣ˸ڶһڸ·ʱͣƺڸٱˣַ㰵һҪˣ˵ȻѾڣյǬ档
飬ҵһƬѩ֮أ棬Χȫѩ
⣬ӵˣһ꣬ԷռԼ֮Ϊ˵õһȥѰң棬ַҲռͬǳȤԣֱֶοӶԷģǶԷ浽ӵпռԼĵطǡÿȥɡ
ˣһ䲻һܹԳһսʵӹɣҲ̹԰ַ֮û̫Ȥ׵֮ҪõģԣΪ˶ʮ
֮ǣеһжΪܣǰᣬҪõַʽ˵򵥣˲һܹ뵽ͬ뵽һЩֶΣַ㲻һܹ뵽ÿ˵˼벻ͬ⻹Ϊ׷ٸڣһ뵽ְ취ġ
Ѱʮܹĸˣĸֻܹ֪ҪɱԣַΪǷǳֵõġ
һУַ㵹ȥѰһˣųǵеĹˣὫԼļŷҪģֻҪͨ͹ȥˡ
ַ޲ʹУַҲףܵģҪ񣬾ǲõģԣ뷨ҲֻԺֱӹ˵ˣ˲ΪԼҲˣⶼǲʵʵ쿪ʵֵˣȥȡʱ䡢׵ռ䣬ȥԼʵʡ
䡭ʱһĤУסΣַܹܵ΢Ĳ
սַ㰵һ漴˸촫ķȥƬ֮󣬹ȻڴսΧͲаܵĽϵıѿضѷ죬һɿֲĻյУսһַʶһλŮӣںľװ𱬵ĹյüˣŮ棡
ͷս֮ڵĿɫ䣬˵Ĺжޱȵÿι·̺֣ܹصĺУңֵǣ˵ĹֻЧ伫εĹǷǳ޳ܣֱ˷вλȵ÷ɫ΢Щ죬ȴű֮⡣
ı󣬳˵ӰѤޱȣԵøӵ
乥伫ʵӹɣֶμࡣַа⣬ӵĹǿûзֶǿ󣬵ʤڲӣԵͨƺƿߣ޷ϣټĹ֮澹ڷǳ״̬Ҫ룬ȴһֱճս
˻ľĴŮ֮һķ棬湻ˣǱѹ£Ƕޱɣ³һۻǳ̶湥ԽԽݣ׶ԷǹҪľûаѡ
ַ㣬һأ˵һ䣬ַоһֲɱӹ䣬ַɫ΢ֲܿɱֻһˣ֪ܵѹ
Ҫҳַ֣±㿪ڵƾղɱ⣬¶ˣĴŮ֮һķ棬ȻҪȿһ伫ɱ˳۵öࡣ
ãעⰵ֮ˣֹҳַ֣ɫһлˣ
߱ͬ˵ɱ֮һٶ˵ַʱ߱ͬˣ


1168 նɱ
ѹɱ֮ǿЩĹ֮ȴ߱ͬ˵ɱ֣ڷеɱ֮һô߸֮һܹԶŷķսˣԲ߱ͬ˵ʵַԽӡ
ڽ֮ʱַھ¥߱ͬ˴ɱ֣߳һɱڰеɱ֣һ߱ͬˣɱ֮ʱĻ󣬹۲ɱ֣˿̣⵽ɱ֮һɱôζŰлһˣڶԷжҪɱֶУȴòһֽзɱ֣óʱһɱòСġ
ˣչУַɫȻȻ߱ͬˣ治֣ҲŹԷˣһοɲҪûɣпܻһεĴɱ
һ̫֣ڼ֮ϣռʸ׼еɱԷ˸ŷ棬ôҲһɱң֮ǳֵĻռʸʱƿա
һǿҵɱ⽵ַϣԷһâռʸоɲôܣһϣܽɱ
նһʱϸƯƻûֲĻ泯ŶԷɹȥͬʱһµķն֮
ɱַ񣬴˿̱ץס϶һ˿룬һֲɱ֮
΢΢һ࣬漴۽壬ɱУͬھʽ
һն֮նɱüͷδһ¡
⣡ɱȻĶԾû뵽ԷңңΪɱбֵ֮Լؿڣﾹɫ·޷ƿԽ֮סԼ塣
䣡նɱϣ֮ѣֲһֱӴ͸ԷأѪըһննɱ֮Եޱȡ
ͬʱɱɱҲ˷ļͷ̼䣬ļͷѪȾ죬ҡ
ݣַһźӹ֮䣬츳⣬еıԡ
ն澹ȻˣеķնɱٶȺжԷȻˣ嶼иһѪߣͬʱĿֲɱҲڷļͷѣѪ죬սҡ
˵ڷֿɱǰӵؿڲλ·гһѪۣӻ滹ڶԷȼգնɱ㽫ԷһΪ
ͺһʱпֲ֮תƾٵϣɱɫΪѿԷԶŷ壬ӵһ˿֮Ѫƿǿķͨ
ַ㾪̾һ޷ˣܹԡʺѪ츳֮Լ֮ҪõģǻԼ壬ǰΪձ飬֮ȴǷǷ
ţڴʱַֻоȻһһɼΣյĸо٣Ȼһޱȿµķ֮·Ѿı÷
ǣֲ׵ᴩ壬漴ַܵһɴԼϣڸֲԼƷʥ㹻ֵһˣ׵͵ĳ˳ȥ
͡һǹɿֲΣ̼֮䵴Ȼ޴棬ַתʱ򣬷ֶԷü֮һ֧ʸԴˣڶԷֵɲǣ滹ˣɱɱ֮
ߣַڵһʱԼߣһαΧʱ򣬽ɫ֮ѪڻȻַûϵǣߣһֱԼΣʱһ
ҪҪôҵַֹһ޷͸ĴڣôõĻȻػ²͸
ɨһΧɿһˣߺ߱ͬУȻ٣ֶζһޣ̫ˣϢ˶Ҳ
ַٴתɲǣռʸûκԥɱĿꡢɱʱɱͬղôõʱΪַǱģ֣ϡ
ɱûս˼ؿڱǰѣ˿̵Ѫֹ޷սҡɱֽȻԼƣ߶ʧ֮ʱٵˣղͬͷͬʱսҵʱַ֣ʱΪʱַľȻᲨϧʧˡ
ռʸٶȺ֮죬ɱ޷ӱܣֹֻӲӣû
ɱٶתһһ֮٣·ռʸٶȺƻһ˿ͬʱһյŶ赲ռʸ֮
͡͡ռʸƿһУɱٶȳֽâ޴Ľ𲨳ռʸǶȥ¡ը촫ʸ֮ڱ࣬ɱгһ貵ĽâռʸڱͬʱɱеҲѿˡ
ǣ貵âһ׵ɱϣ˿ڼ˺ѣ鴤£ͬʱʺ֮һַĽ
ɱɫ£Ŀⶢַ㣬԰׵һЦû뵽ҵɱҪУգʵãֻʱң
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߱ͬƺδйԹҲûй˵츳Ϊ߱ͬ˻Ҫַʵ
ΪɱɱַЦɱԶŷδ֣ǣɱǱǿǵһɱܹģЩˣֻܳΪ̤ʯ
ͣĻ䣬ַĽһͷ­߱ͬ˵ɱնɱ
ѲĶַ֣ԣ˿Ѿַָ㾪̾ǿ
ллַл
ǱҪɱңлַһղǾɱ׸⣿ǷΪһƻ˶Էɱѩ
Σ㲻֣Ҳսֻȫ෴ֻǵɱ־ֶͨβӡ֮֮֮ղź㽻ʱã֣߱ͬɱ½һѪȷ硣
ɫΪأΪԶŷ壬ΪȺۣȻ˴γ֪һʱߺܶ࣡
ַ֮һղŶԷһ֮·ʹռʸЩȷʵǿ־ǳΪ壬ɱУǳ¡
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عͷַ㳯ź󷽿ȥһлܷһ
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1169 ֲ
Ժ飬˭֪أַ㵭Ц˵ֻгһöƬгſֲ潫֮УֱӺУʱϣȵ֮²ݡ
ƺַеĲ֮ɫ濪ڵƬųǵУвصпܻᵮƬƬͰ֮֮ͬƺãְƬ̺Ű屾Դ̵ֱ֮뵽ڣܹܵа
ַһɫƬȰ֮Ҫ࣬ӹжȡһöƵƬӦǻƬֻǺͷֶβͬ澹ֱȥ
־ӽ۷֮ʱٷðƬܰмİʱϵѾȬɼ֮ǿǷĻǲܹˣӳ֮
Χ֮ʱȪˮҲƬ棬ȥѰҡԶŷ壬޻ܻ֮֮ȪˮԷԣǳҪ
һѰңȪˮʥˮܹ׹ǣûôҵңΧ澰ûһǼ򵥵ġ澰֮УȪˮ֮⣬ڤǿֲ֮ء
㡣ʱһ촫ֻԶһŻŮɱŮӴˬ⣬ʮңҲǸӣѾг֮ˡ
濴Ůӹҡͷ˭ɽġ
ʦƫģ׼ɽҲ͵ܳ𣡡Ц˵˫Ư۾ַϣգ˼£Ц㣬㲻ᡭ
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Խã֪Ҫɷˡַ˵ǰ˻ľĴŮ֮һ÷飬˵ĶԻǸɽѾɫٹһ꣬ǲڷ档
ң飬Сһ˽Ƭʵɲֳô򵥡
ַ㡣鿴ַ㣬ЦĵҸ㣬ҽ˿ǺܶŶ
ַЦ£СѾͷǺͷȫͬԸ
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ַԣһЩ񣬵ҪǶȡʱ̡
ˣַʧƬ֮һ׵Уֲ׵ŰڿռÿһطǰȻһӰҵƬ׵
ǰ棬һޱȾ޴ɫ飬޾׵㶼Ǵͷŵģγһ׵ַĿɫУʱᱬѳ֮Ƭ
رַͷһڿߵһĻ֮ʱŻ˿ϢȫʹӰ꣬δĿⶢǰ顣
ܹ׵򣬲ѳ׵Ƭ飬ǿֲı
ʱһ˹ˣ˻׵磬Χ׵֮˺
Ѿ׵Ƭˣܹ׵Ƭ顣˾̾һĿޱȳȣôõĵطȻһѰˡ
㻹ڵʲô˶ǰһֻعͷɨһۣڵһЩ׵ƬҪˣɱ
оǰâޱߣ͸ſҰԡ
˵ɫ¶֮ɫȴ˵ͷûһڵҷ֣⣬ұڣػ棬κ˲׼̤롣
ɫӲİԵǳģҰԼǿԱ˳Ϊ
ģ̵Ϊһ³֮һʮ֮Ƭ⣬Ҽ㲻Ҳ۷壬˭ҡ
׵֮¶죬ͷ΢ʵҲǿΪڵĻΪԣʺϵģҲ֮ڵΪԽͻͽ٣ż
Ϊ㻤֮ҪɱأɵսҶԷЩıҪĻܣֻ˶ΣΪԷ׵Ƭ
˵һںö׵ƬӦӦɫ絶һɫ׵ţ
𣬳Ƭ̣漴ͷãΪ㻤
˵գ峯׵ȥ
סṳ̂ȥ֮ǰκҪɱ⣬˴ңұɱ㡣죬öԷҧɼᶨ
ȵ뿪ֲ֮һƬסȴ͸ż֮⡣
ЩַһǿưԵҪ̵׵ڵô׵ģһַۼһöڵĿֲڵԲڵҲǷѡ
ַ㵹ǲֵܶĻͶˣվŵƬֽ̣ȵ
ֻһʱһͼյУ̼䣬׵羹ȻͼУܹ׵֮
ܿ죬ͼٵ׵ڵϿգڵŵĿֲ׵ʱų׵ڵȥ
Щ˫ӡʱ¶ǿֲ׵磬·϶ֿµףֱϡ
𡭡һϷƮֲͨ쳹أϢڷ
ʹýǿԼԼܹڵַɫ΢Ȼ²ǰ㣬Ҫڵ̵ô򵥣嶼ܲס


1170 
һԼƸƣѪ׵ڵƯȥϣʱ׵ڵ֮ϣһǿʢѪ׵ԵѪ
ܵҵѪҺͬԡһڵ뵽ڵУǿֹһ㡣
ڵһ˿ϵʱ׵ڵ·ôֲˣûмͷſµƯ𣬳Ʈȥ
˭ڴʱȻת貵һɫ׵硣
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׶ܣŭһǰһ׵ܣ͵ĺϣ׶ѣƻһצ˲Ϣڵץȥ˿ﻹ᲻ڰҪڵ
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ӰӣղһͷӰӣͻȻֽڵ̵ˡ
նϷ裬Ͽµ죬һ׵֮УɱȥҪռ䶼նѡ
һͺ֮漴˲ʧ¡¡ľ޴촫һɽӰɱȥǧضڷ
ɱҪɱգ˽һ֮ɽ嶼ɱ֮ϣֻһӰٵ˸뿪ᵽ׵ڵҪߡ
ҲȻӰȻַ㣬ɵ˫¶Ѫ֮ɫֲɫֻ֣ĳַ˳ȥȻȴַ³һ貵ֱԶ쵽˼顣
ŭһƬգַɷɶݣȻǰԶһӰǣһ˿֮ɫȻıﶼӶᣬһʲôˡ
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أұҪɱ㣡ŭһɫ˸ͣ˿ϢңɲôõģΪ˽ڵ̵ֱŲѶôû뵽ϴڵ׵֮ԼѪҺڵУȴΪַ˼¡
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޵еУַһŭһͷ³һ飬Ȼ׵ڵΪѪҺ׵ðˣҲò׵
ַϣ貵ɫ׵ڣޱȣַһʱֲ׵£ǵ촫ֱӺ׵֮ϡ
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׵ڵ̺׵ַǿַ׵֮ԽԽͬʱ
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׵Ƭֱַӽ̵ַ֮ӵо̤꣬ߵʱҪѪ֮ӵеģʵѾɵֱ׵Ƭ
Ȼֱ׵Ƭɸ֮ȫͬĸܣƺᵽ˰
־ʱ䣬׵־ܹ˸ܵ׵·侳㣬ټϱͷŵ׵繥֮ǿޱȣյ壬һ׵ܴݻһУеһжɻ׵ڱӵе׵֮
־˸оԼٶȶƱÿ˻߱־˼ǿĳ̶ȵ֮ʵջ壬һͷöԷ߿ǽǷǳµġ
ַۿһͽ֮°壬˱˥ϣֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬿ֱ
ˡڴʱַһ漴ֻյХֹ׵裬죬е׵ƶҪȡ
Ҫôַһʱһ֮⣬ֱӲ׵ڵУڵų޾׹⣬ȫûڣ֮ʱҪ̺ڵΪɵϣ


1171 ս
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ھʮգһ貵׵񷣬âᴩأֹ׵裬֮ȫ޾֮׵磬׵ڵѾɵøɸɾɼ꣬жôļѡ
֮з裬ǵ첻ϣĴǻ׵磬·ҪռըѵһĻַ¶һĨЦ⣬ӽ飬ϵ֮
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һգַƵУֹƺȸԾϵʥ֮࣬ϵܵģĽ꣬ԼĻɵģޱȽܵԼĨɱܶߡ
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һڿգַ㿪ʼҪ׼ڶˣҪģԻ
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֪ʱ䵱Уַ׵Ƭ׵ڵ̵ˡ
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˼ҪΪѹսûַЦʲôйƽΪǵͬԷĺܶͨΪԷľӲӦеЧ
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䣡ַȻתһ³֮ŶԷ䣬ԷĿһֲԪ죬Ҫ֮Ȼȴͬʱַһ׵֮˶ԷϣöԷľ£֮ͬʱ١
𣡡һ³컭ꪺɨ׵·һУնԷѣ䣬Ǽʮ񣬹ַ㣡


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ʣ彩Ӳԭأûǰص׵־Ʒʥ컭ꪣնУɣղţǿֲ֮Ȼ˿ûжҡַ㣬δֲ̫Щ
նһŭֻ׹ķ·һ壬ںϳΪһ貵׹⡢ͬޱȵ׵ֲ֮׵绯貵Ĺַɱ
ַ㷽컭͵ĺ¡¡ʱ컭֮ȫǿֲ׵֮âƣǿµɫ׵ѿŷ컭ꪵɢʹַ˿ֲ׵硣
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۳ҽӣοЩˣһɱЩ˵ʵЩ
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һε֮ŶԷ䣬Ϊη壬ԷȻûи֮ܵ˲Ǳ䣬ԣ־壬׷ɱȥնԴ
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ڹųǵУ˿̵ַԵøУȥѰһˣ׷ٵˣûһƽܹ֮ı˵ˣڤڤעĻһߵ棬ڰпǣַܹ֪ųдڷʲô
ԼΪβúʱ䣬ĬĬԼʵ
ȥɣַһʱƿռ䣬񷣬Զɶݶȥתۼ䣬뿪ַߣϵųǵзС̽̽һУַ㣬ַǿϵҲΪһ˫۾
ַ㱾𣬵ϹŵĳǳصУʱַǰһͷɫޣţΣ׳ޱȣȴɫ˫̤ڹųǵУÿһ̤رѣַҲŵĲֲһŲ̤ܽЩֱ
޵Ķͷ֮ɫƣʮ
޵ĿתޱȾ޴ɫӶַ㣬ַһ֮У
ַһһɱţֱֲޡ
ˡˡˡرѣֱֲַޱȾ޴ÿһ̤õĸ󶴣ֲ
ַ㲻أ徹޳˳ȥÿһ̤֮ʱһɿµش֮ڻۣޱȣ졣
ɱַһȭɱȭֲ̺âԼȫ
¡¡Ҫһеȭͷ޳ײ巢ֲײѣ˺ѳһֲѺۣ׵ֲţϣöԷ˸Ϲ⣬΢΢鴤š
ɱɱɱַȭͷΣջκɱ׵־־־ȫͷţ˺һУţ˻ԶĽ·ڻζգ޵鴤ַ㡣
ַ㿴һԼȭͷΪ⣬׺䶥ȷǿˣܹͿֲ޶Ժ䡣
̤ǿ޵ʬ壬ַǰУ׼ɱһӶͬʱԼͬʱüķ·˫۾עŸλһУзɳۣųǣ


1173 ֮Ȫ
ųǵϿգһյзɳӹΧûˣȻ⽣ȴżͣ·ӵ۾㣬ͣ
עӵһΪ̰ͼʥ֮ҪֽΪУʥ֮ǻһâ棬ǲҪὣĻǽУͷ׵֮⣬˲佫˺ʣޱȿֲЩڽ֮˵ü񣬾·ңԶĵطƮȥ͸ĳ˵üġ
ܶۿһĻɵðп֮˱һλ̫ˣǧ⣬ɱ˲ۣǱ˭ɱ֪
ųǵеһ£ȻЩУųзĹԶֹһ
磬ɽĸڣ˺󣬷ֿصıͻȻʧˣӰ٣ƴûгֹһѰҵʱ򣬷ʲôûС
ֱ磬ʥҵһЩʱսս֮ʱһЩռƬϢʧĿ䣬֪º֣ǣԷܿͨеϢˣֻҪ֣Ҳˡ
һеļһ˿նɱһͷޣӶ˶ԷȻȥռȥˡ
Щַ÷ǳգʱɱɱޣӶ͸һҰԵϢĿΪˡ
ʱַֻŰƬͨʥõĿռƬֱżȻӸߵõĻƬԼֵһЩõطеõķ֮Ƭ
֮˿ڹųжȹʮʱȴڶһĿռ䵱й˽һʱ⣬ַ㵹Ҳ̫࣬ſĵɫƣռɫһβСľ롣
ЩջǱ׵־Ѿ۷壬ǰһǰ־˾ء־˾ء֮־˰أռ־СĽһЩƬټصȥʹҲص־ʹ֮ƺΪ˳Щ
ַЩƵǣȫʱ䶼˰־֮ϣûô̫˼ҲѾȹ۷壬г۷ˡ
Ϊַͬʱô־ûֹ̫࣬鹦ڰƬˣϾ˵Ƭɲȵðܹ֮ܵٽ˵⣬òƴǰһֱȥַ㵹û⡣
Ϊûȥ룬ַҲһЩЩ츳׵ͽʺˣǲȱʲôͨԴƬȻ󣬵ֻҪЩԸ⣬ǿõóģˣΪβе츳ֵ־ǿأ
ַֻ֪콣ʣʮڽ֮˶Ž꣬˲ٰġ
ĵɱʵ̫ǿֻǺһζԺ֮䣬ʹֵ־ַ㿴ֵ־֮ƿضְͨȻǿһЩġ
ԣַҲֵ־ͼƿضְͨȻżַҲỳԼܷԵ£ҪһԵġ
ַ߳ռ䣬ֹһڹ۲ЩˣǼһ˿̾Ȼڶһͷַ̫ͬΪһﾹˣȻַҲ֪񲢷ޣһص׵磬ͬһ
ϧԼʱһι׵ɣʱǳ¡
˶Լļ顢桢ʥиڣӵˣõԼȻҲ⣬˿ĴָУƬûõء
ǿԵĻַǲ͵ļȥģĬĬʵӶ
Լ뵽ֶһʱķ˲֪ԣͬĽһЩҲѾʵб֤ΪգֱøӵĿֲ࣬˵Щ־ˡ
ַ߳ɱޣǿɱҲüЩֹ죬ַüĵɫѾߵƣޱǿֱԡֲУַķ֣ƶҲ
һ죬һɿֲյУڱƬء
ľˮеһգųǵУһַ磬·һɱŰգ˶ܵһޱĺ⡣
䣡ַոһȭһͷ޺ɱоھ䣬ɵô˸̧ͷеƺڲϱ任ǧ򻯣һ澰ܿ죬ַȻķ֣֮澰һγˣ֮С
Ҫˡַ૵һ漴һңԶ֮صȻתɳ۶أҪ䣬òһЩ
ͻȻ䣬ɱع˿µַ磬˵߶ģһޱȵĵӸһʹࡣ
ַӽӲĿֲȻо˸ѵʹɼַжֲΪǿˣַ֮£屻˺ѵ
ܿ죬ַȫˣʲô壬·ǹؾĳû磬ģ
ͬʱһɿµɱ˸оԼ·Զŵս޾ɱ֮⣬ʬǱأԩŭš
ƺ˺ܾãڣַо۾ܹˣģߣı
ʱַȻķ֣һƬռ䵱С
Ƭռ䣬ɳŰɳؼһεɱ֮ȺĶĤУᴫХɱ֮֮
Զŵս𣿡ַĿ⽩ӲղڵĹųǣԶŵĳǳأ̤Զŵս
Ŀ⿴Զ򣬺ܿ죬ַһνӲסˣʲô
һɽǰһȪˮ£ȪˮϾ޷Ϣ֮Ȫ
ǣ֮Ȫ
ַͷ΢΢鴤£漴ֿ澰ڤӡĻ򡢺һеľףеƶǰһһ֣
ǣַ˿Ŀ⿴ΧˣҲˣƬռ䣬ˣһһռ䵱У


1174 
ȻҰЩǹŰɱ֮ɿңɪϵĴַϣͬʱ˵촫٣ַߣֱַֽӹ
һƬǳ嫵ɱռ䣬ԶӰ嫵İ˻ľ֪ж˽֮ǵУģҲֻʣ¼֮ˣƲˣȥЩ˵ʵӹɵģǿʢϢв˶ӵ貵ɫ
Ҳ˰ɡַĿ⻷ΧƬ嫵Ŀռ֣Ƭ嫵Ŀռ䣬ģƬ澰֮Ȫˮɣ޾ϢһȪˮܹˡ׹ǡ
Ⱥĵ貵ͨ˶ܹĿǣƺ׷Ⱥ֮ǵУģȱ
ַ㡣ʱһˬʵֻԳɿźɫľַ̤ߡ
ʱԳɣӸ죬Ұ֮ƸӿֲЩȻʵˣУԳӦõõһЩôңҲкüʱ䣬Գɲûġ
ƺ˹սϡַԳЦж̺ɱ֮⣬ʱ˳֮ȪڵȥȻȴֱӱ׵ɱֹ˵ķƬ澰򣬿ɲô̤ġ
ȷҲо֮ǹģ̤ƺϹ֮ʱĳǳأȻﱣ棬ͬϹսһܹԩ˻𣬷·ԹûȥԳɾ޴ӶƬŹֵĿռ䣬֪Ԥ߽͵Ǻ⡣
顢󺦳档ַ㿴ͻʸӰһ䣬ʱҲߣ漴˸ַ
ַĿѰˣ桢Ͻ޵ҲģġԼɰԲ֪ûн
ַ㣡һбƮַ΢ͣ漴㿴һӰ̤ӰһȻȴԵƽ׽ˣ˸оǳ˿ϣˬЦݡ
󺦳棡ֺһ˹
ַʹ󺦳϶¶һĨõЦ⣬Ҳǰȥ
˵ȭͷͬʱݺݵڶԷϴ£ʹ嶼΢΢£ɼһ㣬漴ӴЦ
Īϧôųģ
ԭӰȻǾĪϧ
ҽһС磬ͨĴ֮ءĪϧӦ漴ʸűãĺƷôˣ
֪ڻûǣ֪ˡʸ˫üĵģʱһڻĺײ;ĪϧҴĺƷȴ֪
ûµģҲ˻ĺ֮ף߽һС統УҲд֮أĺͷһԻû¡ַ㿴ɵ˵ʵЩĵģϣǽСУҲд֮ذɡ
šĪϧ˵ͷ漴תС
ַͻʸŮӣղǵĿⶼھĪϧϣʱע⵽ھĪϧԣһֱһλŮǳƯʷǷӵһַǳȻĸ߹֮⣬Ȼȴʢ˵ĸоŮӦзǷĪϧһò
ַ㣬󺦳棬ֵܡĪϧŮ£漴ַǵδޣ
Сַͻʸ΢΢ͷ¶Цݣ˷ǳеĸоĪϧϲŮˣȻܲ
һҵôƯӡ󺦳溩ЦĪϧ󺦳ĻһۣЦַ㣬ϲڻָˡ
ҸҲһλĪϧˬ˵漴һ˶Ц
ʱСĿԳɵϣΪ棬ĪϧλֵܣȻԳһ
ˣԳɡĪϧַ㽫Գǰ໥ܵԳһЦĪϧһڲ²˭أû뵽ͼˣԳүүģѵԵֲɡ
ַԳɵĻ£²Īϧ˭ôͼˣԳ⻰Ǻ⡣
ҲǰɣţĪϧȭͷԳһЦҲȭͷڶԷϴ£Ȼֵַѣұʶˣ˫ݣԳ֮ĪϧȻ֪ģԳʵӡ
ַ㣬ûоƺȣĪϧַЦ
СַͷЩһԪҾƳ֣ϯض
ٺ٣쿴оƺȡԳˬЦ漴˶ַ͵ĽƺһӣЦһƣ
꣡ƱѣʱҾ֮ɢڵϵļ˶һʱҾһȪ㣬ֱӳǵȥ
þƣԳɴûС
ַ㲻һԣֱֽһ˦գֻصս̨Ƶ£ط꣬Ƿǳ˵ģǵΪԶܹˣԼһɾ͡
ϧĺͷﲻڡ
Īϧ̾һʱ緢ֵͬսģţȥ˷ǣȴ˼ˡ
ԶĿͶߣ¶Źֵɫ˿˶̤Ƭ澰Щ˵ǿգȻڴƹ֮һ޹ذ㡣
ʱһӰƣ·ȾƸˡ
СõǺˣôһŮӿžĪϧԵСЦ˵ﲨ֮·ܽŮӶȥ˵ˡ
Ӿ˶񣬲֪ܷһЩСŮӡŮӵﲨַϣַ貶ĿעĿŮˮӳ޾ķ飬ַ㿴һ۷·޷԰ΣЩԣҪһڴӦԷ
ַҧҧ־ЩŮа̾ƯŮˣǿԻ֮ħ
ҪȾƵĻСȻԸġС˵˾䣬ȻϵŮӵģ˻ľĴŮ֮һ˷ᣬ˭˲֪
ֵˣӾͲҪˡԳ˵ŮҲмּɵ֮⡣
Գ˵ЦˣֻЦѣСŮϹӡŮжƳ޾Ȼ߿·ʲô¶δһ
ַüͷ΢壬ЩʵҲԽԽˣԷȻһܹӰ쵽Ϊơ
Ů칬ᣬ˻ľĴŮ֮һ˻ľʮ֮һҲʮΨһŮӣûжֵܹסȻֻҪһ˳Գɿ˵ȻŮҲǳӡ
ʮ֮һѹˣüģɫ񣬷ǳֲ


1175 ʮ
ɫƣζֱַֻ֮Ǻһۣ֪ԷӵĿֲȻûֻҪһ־ʵõˣ¾ҪԹԵĽ񽻳Ҫ֡
칬޵ĹͬΪ칦һǿȻͨΪ칬ʥŮѩ൱ѩ£ѩɣ˾̾ȴħᣬ޻֮֮ͬʱ֮˵֮ҲŨȤҪְͨ
ԳɱʵǿȴΪƳ磬˻ľĴŮ֮һʮ֮һȷʵ˾̾
ʮЩˣַ˼ȤԳ˵ǰ˻ľʮ֮һȻҲ˵ġ
ǶƬռ䣬ұ˻ľΪذ˻֮⣬ϡϡϡΪ֣˻ľûȡǷֱΪġϻġġġлġġɻġѪģÿһĶ޾ӵǿİ˻ľҪ˽ܵ飬ƺлĶռͷ̨ڵıΪ㡣
лģеĴ֮ĴųǣÿһųǶһʼнл֮أʮ֮жռֱΪ˾ռ˾ʼ衢칬已ʥϻлɽڣ䣻ʵħɻ¿ڤСԼ칬᣻Ѫ졣
Գɰַ㽫˻ľĴһһϸ˻ľôãַ԰˻ľҲһЩ˽⣬һЩǿĴŷֲһЩ֪Ĳϸûȥ˽⣬ⷽȻǲܺԳȵġ
˿Գʮÿһһɿֲаɡ
ϻлɽڡѪ졣
ַ૵ΪȤڣڣǼһﾹȻʮ֮һ̫쵰ˣǼһҪӣαװôСʹǬɹƭЩ˵ĹǸƷ
죬콣֮ȡ졣
һǻ쵰ʲô壬ƫƫϲЩĻϻԳɵһַǼһǳ
˵죬ɱ֮ɱ¾ߣҪɾ콣յ޷죬Լ졣
ַ΢΢ףԭɱ֮ʵˡ
ԳɣڵĻɽɣѹʵħֱַʵһ㲻Գɽ⣬ԳֱӣⶫǹȻȡʵɼжԵȻʵ
֪ħıʲô𣿡Գʵַ΢΢ҡͷ츳ˣһǿ塣
񣬰˻ľΨһܹƵĽʮУħʸǰڰ˻ľų˫ٶ˫Գɵһ̫ע츳ˣһ츳ѹԳһ塣
ַĿħʮУǰǳֲ
ǰ˻ľʮ˴֮һУǿ̤֮ǣǰҲǵΪƫѹһͷ񾭹֮ǵһϴҲȥ֮ʮҪһˣǵһİ˻ľʮҲˡ
ڰ˻ľϲǿ֮ʱʮţˣˣÿһʮǷǳҫۣâɣǲΪµĴڣһʮѾ֮߳ˣĶʦֱֺˣַ㣬Ҳлᡣ
ԳЦ˸Ұ֮⣬ַĻ΢΢ͷǰ˻ľϲʮ˽ˣѩ¹ѾǷǳңԶ֮ˡ
ҲһַЦԵԵ÷ƵȴмҰģҪ׷ǿߵ·Ҫ׷ʮΪеһԱ
ٺ٣еáԼĪϧǶлᡣԳɿ;ĪϧֻһΣȴΪ𺳣ǳĪϧ˵ڲǰõһһμ棬ع㣬Ǹ
ȫлᡣַ㿴ˣΪڴǶѾ׷Ѱ֮·ʱţʮֽ֮һ⾰
˻ľлĿʢɻҲǿڵıģ˲ž˵㡣ַиж֮Ҳޱȴֻ̨һʮһûУ˻ľ߻ģҪǹġ
ҲλЩϵ߻ģ඼ӵһЩʥظأıѡΪɽţΨʯʺλɻѡ˱֮أģƺֻĺûЩӵдԵıء
ҲɡַЦ£ڴʱǰ澰ƺϼŶϣ·˳һͨʮλ·ʮţͬʱ澰ϿգȻһӰۣ룬ɷǣƲǺ쳾ˡ
ȺȫһǳֵӰߣԺжһһԤߣ
ɷǵӰԤ
ʱ˵Ŀ⻷ˣ·˶оڿԼĿƮȻѳ˫ƽȴܹһ˲֪һĨη֮
ΪԤߣǻʲôȼĿֲڣ
һ֮ǣ۶˽ȫδ֪ڣַ㶼Щȥ룡
˵תּʮƬ澰ǣΪʮ̤ʮڼ䣬ǺܶˣܱͬɱΪܹ̤ȥˣ޵ģȻΪ˱ѡСͬ飬ô޷̤ڰ·澰Ĩɱ
ƮߺЦ˵ȴȺ΢΢һʲôǸˣܻᱻͬɱΪޣ˲ǿ̤澰ʸûУ
һΣ֮ǵվ񣬾˵ʱ̣


1176 
ǣ֮Ļ֮һԤǵƮٶ˵漴彥İûʧ
ʮʮ澰ȪˮڤӡлûɽͼȥһԳɿʮʵЩ澰غİ塣
ʮֱһ澰ʵ໥Ƭ澰¿ս㣬ʮջᷢײʱַѾվĿһ澰Χ֮ϵĺǣ̤֮һᾭ
֮⣬׵磬žףը˳Խͣ˺صľס
ѡ֮ȪڵַָԶյеȪˮһˮһ£ַ㣬ѡ־壬ϧ壬ܹõһȪˮԺԼˣغ첻Ӧˡ
ṳ̂۷֮ǰ츳Ҳбˣһ˳ߵҲһԼ㲻ΪԼҲҪ壬ڱصá
Բ˵ַѡĵŵġ
Ҳãʮȷύ㣬ҲûϲģҲ̤֮ȪӦɡԳ΢΢ͷĪϧʸǴһ˶󣬵ʱʲôҲҪһЩЩ඼һģҪˡ
̤֮ӢǿˣʮڣҪȴһǿߣֻʮһ㣬ȡ֮ʵǳֲ죬ҲΪ޵еģǿ̫ˣһЩҪһܲҡ
áĪϧ΢΢ͷͬԳɵĻһһ໥ܹӦ
Ƭռζ˸̤Լ̤ϵ
ַ˽ŲֱȪˮӦͬʱַܷҵϤӰ
ϲȥˣַһûп棬ַ㲻ǻ쵰ûнαװ׼ɻˣѾľǸ˲ĴڣַЩϣ͸ڿͬһǱеˡ
ܿ죬ַ֮Ȫ·ϾܹͬʱˣǳĿա
һ󵭵Ƣ˸оͬưˣ漴ַһο˰˻ľĴŮ֮һᡣ
ᣬҲѡ
ɣһЦ·ÿһ˶оڶԼ˵ЦߵҪΪ㵹ĸо
̫ˣȻѾһһЦһһУӦƿ˰ַаʮ֮һȻͬСɡ
ôȥ֮ڵĪϧԵСǳǳһЦ׽ֱһľ롣
ջᣬСӦףϡ绨㣬ֻ˿ᣬŮӵһΣ飬׷ѰҲҪ㣬׷Ѱ֮ഺࡣ
ƽȴƺԷθ׷գվҪȥֻǿʵʢ֮ഺϣԶפǾա
ջᣬֱ˶ѹʵôľС̾˵ഺ࣬ÿһŮӵ룬Ȼжܹ㣬Ŭȥ׷׷ǿʢ֮жȥʵΡ
˿̣ԶȺҲע⵽ߵ龰Ҫ̤֮š
ǰ˻ľʮ֮һɣһ𶨻ǳȫܹˣֲΪ
û⣬Ǳ˪ŮҲôĳףŮһڰ˻ľĴŮеκһλûô˲ΪֻΪĹղܡ
ܶ˳֮˸ӵλĴŮһԳɣţֵһԡ
ҲˣԣѩʲôࣿȺĿ΢΢ĴŮλټַߵ飬ȫԳ֮ΪĴŮ뽿ȥ
ʵԲ˵ʮ֮һټ֮ѩӡԶŷŮ棬ԳɣѾע֮Ųκˣһͬʱһð˻ľĴŮ֮ˣֶΪ
ߵԽԽ࣬һЩȻԱҲǳǿʥΪף˻ľĴŮ֮һ뽿ʥȻҲڣǿߣ׷ռڴ
һߣΪΪ֮ˣһϮɫۣҪ񣬸޾ҰԸо·ɻƽͨɫޱߣʵħ
ڽŵݣǳ¡簵çţɽçţԼǿĻޣУ񱤵Լһǿߡ
Ⱥ֣ʮƺÿһӵʮеһλΪ֮ˣҪ̤Ƭ澰Ҳѹˣʮû˻£ͬһؽײһ˶һ
ַ㿴һĻĿ˸Ԥ̿ʮȺΪʮƺУǿ߱ȻҪ֮ͬϵģҪͬе˸ɫŸʸ֤ΪʣǴĵ׸Ը£ôĳ϶ԣѾˡ
ҪΪһˣͱ̤ŵͷ֮ϣʮܹϳÿһǵҲܹ⡣
ѩߺ󣬲䶼ַͶݹһԳɵЦΪһôŮǣ
㣬˲׷ôָλͽһӽһˡ齿˵÷ַĿͬʱһ
ַ㷭˷ۡʲôʱ׷ˣ
֣߳һԼַݹһǸɫַҲֻܿЦ
˽㣬˵ǰʱ˱㣬Ҳַ㣬ɣ۾Цֵһ
ȿȡַѩͷͬ
ǺøʱҲЦַһۣ٩Χ˶Ѿַ㣬쵰Ȼһ˺λŮй
ַ㿴飬һȴԹİһۣ㿴㶼Щʲô£
ǳЦַҲ֪¶ĵǲǸȥˣ
ʱµ˶ʼˣẬЦˣҪǱҲŰɡ
˵ţߵһ˿ʼյ̤ȥ֮ϵз籩Լ׵ʼ


1177 Žʮ
俴һƬ˭̤ڵ֮䣬һ΢Ĺϵʱ˭顣
֮չ˳£շѹϣǵ׵費ݣ·͵ʤ˲䵽˻ĩգɱ֮⾳Ⱥ˹սˣԴ
ʱХҪȺ嶼ȼգѩĺ˪֮棬˸о޾Ľɫ籩ͬһһҪɱ񱩵ĺϢʹ˸оǧһſľ٣εĲȺ壬ǸоǰС
֮⣬п磬ڷŭ׵磬ĿĵĿҵܲ׵úë
ÿֲѹЩԣŸո̤ѣĩ˵澰򣬻ǧɵľ룬Լ׵ҲǰֻǳನôĿֲģж񱩣ֱ
ǰᣬǳѹģ˿̵üҼǳǳЦݣԵѩͷЦλһ֮塢һԶŷ壬ö֮йأý㼵ʡ
ӽǰ˻ľʮҽѩӽ㼵ءҲվǰ棬仹СҲһˮ
ְͨࡣѩǵ͸һɿ֮⣬û˻ѩһֱԸѹš
˵ЦˣҲְѣ˴ԤǰʮÿһֻܹҪŵˣٶܹһְ壬ʮʮְ壬ټ֮ǰĹųҲĻᣬԤҳܹƽʮɡ
ʮڣʱҲʵ
ΪŵġẬЦ˵λŮǰ̸Цǰ̤ÿһǳȽú˸̾˻ľĴˣÿһ򵥵Ľɫ
ڶ̸۵Ļ⣬ʮŵˣ̫ࡣ
˵йأЩԳ˳ƺΪͬӣҲְֻ壬ܳΪľˣ֪ΪŻʮڡ
һ֮ˣİʣЩ츳ߣܹһЩְͨ壬ѾǷǳˣΪľ˵߾涼ԳˣҪ˵ʮ壬ܹʮˣЩţһˣʮְⲻܡ
֮ʮ˵žأζųѳ
Ϊ֪ǧǰֹһλʮΪβšᵭЦ˵ȴͷ΢ǧǰֹʮ֮ˣ
˭
ħʡħʣᵭ³һ֣ȴͷ΢΢һħ֮˲Ȼȴ֪ħʵʷ·˶Դ˻Ī˵ħʣʮ֮ˣ
ʮ֮ˣ嫵ľ½ֹ˵еľŽ塣ƵᣬȺһŽζδߣ壬һְ۷壬أǲܵģ˳ΪŽ
޾Ĵ½ĳֹ˵еľŽʮ
Ҳɡ૵ŽʮĴ
ѩҲĿ˸˵츳עܹ˫ذǳְΪšְ壬Ϊɳľ֣
ҲǱУһ˵ǧǰ콣ʴȡ޽֮ҲЩʮƽƽȴ˸од׷Ѱǰ㼣
ַ㽫һöƬнĿ˸ħֵ֮ʱ򣬱ͷ΢΢˲
ʮôо˵ҰַԺЩţԽԽоˣѾġǸγصţʮ֮˰ɣ
뵽ַͷҲ˵£ʵ̤һֱоЩƣʲôϰûʲôʣ޽־磬֮־桢׵硢ռ䡢Щͷˣټ꣬ҲữΪģôǶ޳ɰĻòѾ˰ɣ
ˣǰͨʥֻ֮Ҫȥû⣬ûʲô̫ѵϰ䲻ʲô춯ص٣еģޣ֮Ҳܣ
ټħʡⲻòַ밡ţǱ¶һ˿ǳЦܺЩ
Ҫʮ֮ˡǱˣΪ˾ܺһأ
ԣһöƬУַǳˬļ
̨ղڳʲôʱһӰߵַߣַ
ַ㿴һۣ죬ң˸оᣬһŮϲ
Ƭַ㵭˵漴ָ糣Цŵ̨ˡ
˵ǰȥƺҪߵߡ
ַַĻʱһԣƬôıһĽǵڳ鴤ô
ַعͷ˵ɫЩƣϵİƬ٣ȻҪΪʲôһſŵĽ߽߸ָоǳȽе־۷С
֮ǰǳصлѾ޴ĴۣۿЩˣÿǵ˺õطȥմ֣ʵ̵˲ٰƬҲΪһЩ㲻ȱΪβã
뵽ַȡһö֮Ƭ˿УԵһ˵ֳ˳顣
ղţöƬƺǲͬϵİɣѵΪԼȫ򲻳ɣǹųԣ


1178 
ǣһֲ׵ַϣͷƺΪղ̫⣬˶¶ЦһﱻܿǷɫ׵ַתһǱַֿʼƬˣ°㡣
̶ȵ׵ַԣСС֣
ɱϵӭַǳָо׽ŻƬ֮ʱ־׽ŷ֮Ƭʱ򣬱˺ѵ쫷紵ĸо
¡¡ڴʱһֲ׺£ضҪѣȺֻ澰һֲĶ漴ƬѶʮȥ
ƬȺɫһĿһĶŴϿձѶƬĿ͸ŶĿ֮ɫ
ˡˡһӰڿգֱЩƬȻǿֲǸо粽С
һҽֻһǰ֮ͷ­ѣһӰֱӽɱ漴ǰһöƬѪĲпᣬʼˡ
ǰ嶯ڿգǰУ·̤ˣĿѣԣƺÿֲϵ岻ǰУһööƬץס
ѩҲʼӶƬַһʱƿնʱֲХգ֮һööİƬ棬Ŀ죬̰ޱȡ
ַͺʱصߣƻӶ£̼佫еİƬȫС
ͬʱȺ׷׽֮ϣбѶİƬѾȫ˶ˡ
Сٶȹ졣ԳɻַһۣһﾹȻýƬÿӶٶȡ
ַЦ£ȡһöƬϾ˿˿Ͼı֮ɫȻƬ
ãúúõĸһ֮ˡַ㵭һЦü֮Ŀֲ͸ǿϢʱĸ֮ʱʼ־ʮԼܹ
Ǳ촫ַ㽫Ƭо׽Ŀⶼ΢΢ϣĸ壬·еÿһϸޱǿҵȵܹ֮޸ഺפѹǳȤ֮ޱһ
̫ˣҰƬ޵ĺܣ룬ǷһЩˡʱһĮڵǲǰַ߹꣬ĻǶ˵ġ
ԣǸһЩˡһĮֻԱߵһҲʼ˶࣬١
Ӱ𣬶ʱ˵ĿⶼַϣַƬռαװϢʧˣΪȫ˳Ϊߵɫƣ㹻׽İƬ˲ⶼѰ
һƺŶ̼䣬Ƭձü΢΢˸
ͬʱĪϧСƷҲߵַߣԳǽľݺݵ˹ȥǵĿֲ֮նԲ
һЩļһȷǸˡ˵΢΢һݺݵĶַɨһۣһ߾ô֡
ַ㵹ǻ°㣬ɱ۾ǰĸղ˵֮ǣǸ˻ᣬֻҪţȻܹģץסǿİ壬ְַ㣬ϣ޵ʱУְܶͨץס֮ǵĻ磬ɲʺĻˣƬ׵õ
ᲢδߣǰţƬֻ֮ǳǳһЦع˵˵ĶԣȷҪˣǰƬռ䣬ֻʮܹ̤룡
ԣСŮȽȥˡ΢΢һЦ漴Ųһ̤߹һϿڡ
ţĿһͣ漴ȫǰǰȥȻȻܹᣬȴִѾһƬռ䡣
ߡ˽Ų̤ǰУֻԳɻع͵һ˳ȥռһ˷׷ױˡ
ߣԳ͵ĳǰ;ĪϧַǰУһεǽ赲סǣȻһǿһƬռ䵱С
ϲ㣬ЩȻжϲ㣬Խϣ̤еԽ١
ҲһԱ߿ȥǱҲײϲˣźǴͬһƬռ䣬оϷ澰򣬸ЩֲֿϢҲǿˡ
ʮ̤Ƭռ֮󣬶ʱ۶ϣ˷׷׳¿׹ȥƯյУĿ䣬ǣɥʧǰеʸ
ͬʱȺԺУһƼ䣬ףײʼˣ
Ӵ˿ǣƬռ䣬ӵһµʱһ֮Ϊϲ㣬Ǳ̤һƬռ䣬ֻжʮˣҲζţʮˣҪ̭
յУ֮ȪĹâҫ£ʱ˶оһ֮ĹâƬռ䣬Ƿ·ܹ֮ܵȪϢȥİ塣
ҵѡûдӽġǳǳЦ£漴ϥ
Ȼǿ֮е׵ַ㣬֮ȻУ˶ܹȥ
ַһ֮Уں˷ѣҪģ֮ǣҲ˾Ļˡ
ĿɨȺʱᡢʱѩԼ棬飬¶һĨа֮ɫַĿ⣬ȴ䡣
ǹƨ˿̣˼÷ŸɾԳɱɨһۣͬΪɻ֮ˣɻǿõţɹɹֻŮӣ칦Ի
ãֻտӣаŮΪ¯רɹеŮ⣬Ϊʵᣬˣ˼ȴû
ɹãΪɹԼãȴ֪жԼŮС
룬ڶ֮ǰʮȥаЦ£Ŀ⿴ˣ룬ҲҪأ


1179 칬
ַΪǿֻضѣӦò̫ߵˣԳɵʵȷʵǳµģǰŮɣϵıֲ֮ܿ
ĪϧСĸоͬΪҪַ㣬һˣȻС
Ҫ˵ĻȷӦôΪ˿ʼ˻ţҲС
ǺǣǸźáȺһڣĿ˸ź䣬һǺȥҲǡĨɱ
һɱַ㣬߰Ŀֲַܹһ׾򣬴ңЩһõϵģһɱַ㣬⣬ϵİƬҲܵõ
Ȼԭ⣬Ҫַ㣬ΪַһЩһ壬ǲǣҪ
²ҵȣ˭ҶߵˣԿԳɵ͸űŰҰԣЩЩ˻ľʮʮҪԳЩֲˣΪͬˣǡ
ԳɣԽҡ˵һ˵Ӷʱһ֮â˿ʼ
ʵȴˣģ϶ԼʱСЩ˵ᡢѩзǣץʱַҲˣ˼ά磬㲻һϡ
С椵ǲĴЩҲб߻֮òúõһΣʱһаЦ˵ȴֻǵƳһۣûЩˣעǲ⶯ģˣ̫ȻŮٳ߶˲֪Ҳѹ֡
ĪϧתһԲŸղ˵̤ȥһĻ΢΢һ򶼿֣̽һЩ˵ʵΡ
䣡ֻĪϧһʱֱۻ貵Ľɫֱ۵ǰ·ûһֲӰſµĻ
ɱȭͷͬžĪϧ˳ȥĪϧǰδŹȥ޼᲻ݵĽ֮ҪһУͬʱҲɫҪӲĻƿؽ֮־¶Է
ֲͣĻϣĽɫ壬ֱӴ͸ֲĻŰɫҰס
ɱ
µɱھĪϧϣâ񵽼£ҪһУĪϧ飬͸ŷɫ
Ȼڴʱ־ĪϧĻָţɫķ籩ŰԷãûãڵѪҺֱӽ޸á
һĮӾĪϧ³漴˵˳ȥϾֻʣһδϣĿ⺧ȻĶžĪϧ
ǡ壿
˵꣬ˣȴ𺳡
ǣⲻ壬ûϢתȺͷ˵ţôһִ˵еĿ´ڡ壡
ǲ칬ˣ˴󺧾գѪ
һˣһλǰû˵ˣֻһЩϢ칬ϻ֮ʱҵʺԼеˣ񹦣ϻԼѪǴѪ̥ǣϣܿٳɳܹü̳в칬
ͬʱϻԼΨһŮСĴˣ
Ϣʱ˼ĸ쵰Ĺʺˣϻʱõ洫ѪŮ˿̣Ƿ֣ˣƺվǵǰ˵ѪϻѪ֮ϴܡ
߹ʺ˵ˣղűŮǡ칬ǧ
˵ĳ嶯һԳѾˣֳ˲칬ҪʵǿҪװ
ĪϧɨһۣȺĿӣһҪˣ֪ܷʮ֮һȡ֮
һ󺦳濴ĪϧתԴЦҽԼڻĺȻַ̳ѶѣһҺöˡ
ĪϧʼһЦӻĺбͳֱ֮ӱ͵˶ĵĲ칬ΧСʱ֪СݣֻΪͶԵСֻ˵ȥ￴̤ľǲ칬ɺϵǣʣϻǺϣܹܶԷ²С
˽Ϊ֮ټС㺣ϻ飬ΪߣС
ĪϧԼҲЩλã칬ǰԣ̫ңԶˣ
ϣĺͷҲܺһôõ󺦳Ц£Ҳ֪ϣ̫ãˣò칬У̫ˡ
֪ĪϧԼС֮󣬶ʱ˱ðû˼Ҫˣ칬˾ĪϧԳɡ顢С㲻ַԼʸУҲ㹻ˡ
ȺĿ⻷ң¶ɫɱһˣоҪ߳
ԡڴʱ˵һ˿¶ɻɫ
ԣôֻжʮˣ˵ɫøȤȻķ֣Ƭգֻжʮˣ
ʮˣĻȺɫһղǶûϸȥ˿̣ɨȺ֮ɫ˲䶼ˣʮˣȻֻжʮˣ
ղֻһ˱ĪϧĨɱôζţղžֻжʮ˽Ƭռ䣬ʮˣ
ֻжʮ˵ġȺͷ΢΢ţĿⶼĿԼܣˣȫߣ
֪߸»߱ͬ˸£ܷ򶨣³һȺһҲ²ģһλߣ߱ͬ˵ǿߣ̤Ƭռ䣡
һ̣˶оһΣУˣ¡
ȤԳֹһȻһ˻ˣ˻ľʮԼţʵ©ģڰеߺ߱ͬˣжǷǱѰҲ棬ǰţ߱ͬ˵ɱ̤֮ǣҲǰһλ


1180 ս
ԳɽһңһͨްȺ漴ҲʼҪ˭Ҷǡ
ʱܹ˲࣬һǼɵʱһǵǰеһˣǰ˻ľĴŮеλǳ̹Ȼϥأţľ㽫˱ȥˣⱾҲԤ߶ǵһֿ顣
ܹɻ֮ˣȻ˲һġ
תۼʮȥʱǰελϣϢȺ̾ĳɹˣ־Ѿһľ磬֮ѩԶŷķ棬Ǳʺ֮ȴû˵ʲôʣϢ˿
Ԥ֮еģȺΪǣַǼһԼԵŮӣȻҲ־ңǿʢһЩԣѵַ˿Ĵ˵ӣӵʺ֮ʲɣ
ЩУ˰಻סįˣкü˱ͻȻ͵ϮĨɱΪǲŮԿֻΪʵ±վ̭Ǳ̭ûʲôڣǵĹޣֻ֤ǻǿһµʱת۱ҪˣѾ׼ˣǵĽŲ΢΢ǰߵǰܱ֤̤ȥ
˷׷ַЦЦֽһöƬУܻĽٶȱĿƾ֮ٽƬһ̵ĸ
˸˶ݺݵĶַ㣬͸ż֮⣬һΪȺСһȴܹԸػߣ칬ٹɽˡһӣңɶļһﾹû±㽫Ƭнţ˰޲ѣ뽫ĨһС
ûбȵһǻǲҶַ㶯ֵġ
ڣһµʱڼ伴ַֹͣ˼ЦվĿȺϻ£漴ǰ˼ԳɣЩҪʱ䵽ͬʱȣܻɽ˭ùһЩ
Ⱥ˷ۣһƺ̫˰ɡ
ٺ٣ȻǶҪǱ㿿ɣԳһЦ޴ĺɫڿն𣬺ݺݵ¿£ʱ˶׷׺˱ܿ¡һ죬޴İǣһǵ
Ƕ̤˭̤ҵİӵһʱ˭ԳɺһȺĿһ̫ˡ
Դ𣿡³һʱ̤ǰĮôˣѵɡ
ꡭһ촫ʱĿһͷһڵĻƴ͸࣬Ĩɱ֪ôġ
Ĳ룬໥̥֮˭ͷ˭ַ㵭ķһһۣЩֻҪ˵仰ȴԼôĶ֪
ַĻɴǵҪĻϲ⣬˭վ˵ı͸ղǷŭͷһ֪˭ɱġ
ܹߵһˣ˭ǺݽɫúɣַٶЦЩˣ˿ĵ׶ô˰ɡ
¡¡ڴʱ·пռ飬һޱȿԵֱӴȺϣúܶ嶼޷סȻ֮ޱߣ׵ҪֱӺɱ
ǣǧ׵ֱӺȺϣûһ⣬ȴڴʱӰǰ̤˳ȥǿµķ籩̤Щ˷ӦʱѾˣֻһ˲䣬ʮˣѾȥˣΪ͡
ֲˡַɫһѾһƬռ䣬·һ˲澰ֽ˺ܶ࣬ľˮԼ֮ޱȵĿ£޲͸Ŵİ·ܻᡣ
ǣ֮һֲ׵Ƭ澰Ƭַ֣߳һʣӶƬ
˶ˣϯнİƬӶٶȶĿֲܿ죬ؼʮöƬַΪ⣬ֽһƬУ񣬻־Ϳռ־ûأ־Ѿھ֮Գˡ
һЩƬáڴʱһХֻ֮Աһɳ޾׵͵ĳַҳ

ȺĿȻתԽӽ澰ʮ֮ľԽԽ˸ֱ߶ɫж貵ĵâ죬ޱȿꡣ
ըë񡣡ԳŭһֲĺɫľգһӺݺݵ˳ȥ׳ޱȵ׵Ȼըľ֮ϣһը죬Գɵ˵˼һ֮⡣
̤׵֮
ǺúøһЩʲôа壬壬ɱ
վŭһ׹ƿ׵飬޾â·Ǳڵ׵۵һ𣬴н٣ַ˺ݺݵȥ
ŸƨԳүү㡣Գŭһһޱȿ񱩵Ϣ𣬷·ޱߺأһһӳϿպɱضڱסˣ޾ɽܻȴǳϺȥġ
¡¡޾׵£һܻľ޴ɽ嶼ѣضҪ㣬ֻԳɽŲһ̤һԳӰë˰ţҪԷҷɡ
룬Ĵս˲˵Ŀ⣬һϣ뽿ַ֮һһٹ
ֻʮȥˣ˭֪ģȥǱǵ뽿Ц£ַָߣֳʥһſռݺǿ󣬼Щᱻ̭˶ģԼ̤УȥӶ˵
ԳɱǣƣǻˣһֻʣʮλӾռ˺üټһȺˣһûˣĻᡣ
˵һʱȺ׷¶ֲϢҪֶԸַˣЩ̫࣬󲿷ֵռݣǺȥζ˱û
ǵĺûᣬһ֣ܽȫռĻ˭̭Ƕлᡣһ֮ϣ뽿˵ʱ˶ûֻҪԱߵǷ̭ǶʧȥĻᡣ


1181 û
뽿֮ԹƻȺַԭ֮⣬Ϊ֮ӵкİ˻ľĴŮеλңλ⣬ַߵıѩҲ˿κһλѷɫ
뽿˽λŮӣĴŮŮӰΪζı䣬뽿ȻҲһȺ˵ĴŮ֮ʱн˼ﵱȻǳ
˵˸ֻ̤Ƭռĵһ죬ʮʱ䣬̽һܲ㲻£ܹüλΪãڿռûᵽһҲ·ӽ澰
ҵϢ˵ϣɱ֮⣬ĪϧǰȺɫĮսɣ
˵գڿգһϮһȻϲ֮ѪڹкХ֮
ֻҪȽһȥǲл˭۷ȥǴ˴ģԱաĮĵȺɫȻˣղŶʮǶлᣬƬռ䣬Ѿȷ֪Ҫǰֻʮˣһġ
ɱȺҡϣ̼ĿֲϢŶǿս
顢Сд󺦳涼գ·Ŀռ̫С޷ʩչ
ʱ泯߿һۣ漴ֻĽŲһ磬ڿգӰ˫
ôҪΪǳ֣䵭˵һɫƽ·ַһۣû˵ʲôַֹһأһӦ֡
Ȼˣսɣ
ЩҲƲ磬ҪսΣԷλǿߣһоˣռƣܹǣһĪϧһսûκε
Ǿɱ˵һʱԵϢţɱ죬貵Ľɫ⻪͸ռ䣬û޴Ĵӡַɱȥ
ͬʱǿĻצ˳һͬʱ˹
նɱһʱŭгһ޴նɱռڵסϺ죬һ֮ر˪ѩϵƮ䣬Ⱥ˸
СʵҲǳһ·нɫĻ٣ڲ֮ϣпֲĴ͸Щɫһͣƺ͹Щ˵սڴ˿̵ȴδ֣վ˵ЦһӦǣʹɱһ
쵰ȺаɣȻҪˣǰ棬ܹڹؼʱӶ񣬲˿սҲϾ˼ˣΨһս
˿Ψһûвսģַˣ˿վں棬ǰսЩˣĿ͸һĨЦ
һչ֣̼䣬֧ʸͬʱڼʸ֮ţԷսİȫЩ˵ɫʱ΢΢һ͡
飡ַͺһʱȻͨλ᲻ַ˼
ѩ⣡һ³ѩ˵ϣȺоסͬʱ֧ռʸƿպХͬ˵ŭ
ꡢ¡촫żҽУʵƫ˲Ϣռʸ͸Դ˲ĨɱʣҲ׷׵ֵ
Īϧ˳貵Ľɫ۲£ʱѪŶһ˵屻ֱӸѡ
սһߵľ棡
ڣû˰ɡַһâչʧУֳһʥ컭ꪣ͸ſµϢ
͸ź⣬һ
յײݣʱһһ˵帲˱˪漴һ촫컭ꪽ˵ԴƣĨɱ
ڴʱķնɱȵһæңֻܣԵøĳʱһܷĹһϢͻأĽ٣ϢɫȻԪ죬Ȼһ͵죬컭ƣɱһˡ
ɱַ֮ȻĺˣսֻѰһᣬһɱ˵Ҫ¡
㻹֣ʱһŭХһɫ԰ףַר͵͵ɱѾ챻ȫĨɱ˿̣֡
Ļ䣬һϢ٣ȴֻоһι漴û֪ԴֱĨ
롣͸һĨа֮ɫֱֽɱǰĻʸ¡
쵰ֻʣ˴漴Ҳ׷ױĨɱһʣ
һĻȻ̫˵ϣЩӿռ˶סˣǱҪ˫սܾ˵ʱս˿ȴ֣սһߵա
ʱԳɵĴսҲƽϢ˭κβ˭ƿ׵Գ񻯣ֲ̫ˣս죬ÿһ¶Ҫ֮ƣȥڻսʱ
ԳɿҰɨӶ岻ϵĺˣЩռȺǱߣַЦֶΣϧұñʸ̤ȥģô˻㣬ұֻˡ
˵գ徹ռȥһĻñ㹥ȺأôǻĪĶһˣ
ñɣӶһûʸϣ뽿Ŀַϣ˵
ַֻƽһЦ漴Ŀ⿴ԳɣԳɣѾòˣʱԻûȤȥһİ֮
ԳַĻһЦ漴ãߣ
˵գ˵ڿգſռ̤ȥַеķ컭ʧȡ֮
Ƭ֮ȺȻĿע£ַԳɣŲ̤˿ռıԵ¿յȺ
׼һЩ졣ַ彵֮ϣЦǳƽռ־֮ûԲء
û⣬㡣Գɵͷ
뽿˿ЦЦĿַ㣬ĵôĵӣȻڵ
ҲַŭĿӣˣ
ǸղŲҲҪǵ𣬼ȻˣΪʲôǲܹңֻһʱնѣռǵַõЦţƺ˵һƽ֮¡
ˣô̡ܻ
ǣԼŰɣǽ£ַ㣬Щռǿգַ㣬һĮ֮ȻţʥҺȤ
Ѱ·£͵ĳ¿յַѹȹȥһ˺ѵĿռƵۣռ籩˺գҪַ嶼˺ѵ
ſֲĿռ˺ɱַ㡣
ַ̧ͷһ۶Էһâ³һռҲһЩ
͡һ΢촫˺գ漴Ⱥ·𿴵һĨϹ⽫ռ䶼˺һС
¡ֲը֮ȻţȺһ漴ǿѹַӰֱӱѡ
ʥУϧûãĿռַһȺͷݺݵĳ鴤£ȷûã


1182 ɫ
һ˵Ӳַ㽫˻ɱֻһС
쵰Ȼαװʵ
һ̺ռ֮ͬʱӵиֲ׵ֱ˵嶼ըѣ׵Ŀ񱩻
Ⱥаһʵղžһֱ͵Ϯ֣չԼ컭ꪳ롣
ȻûԤϵַΪǿһŭĿӣɱ˸ݡ
뽿Ҳһ㶣Ȼ͹ַս
ղַɱ˼ˣɱһǿߣ˿Ѿоŵ貵ɫƣ⻪죬ޱҫۣӽɫˡ
ɫǧޱ߿ֲӴ죬ܹ׺䶥ɱ
ֻҪɱҾɫ죬Ҳл澰Ⱥ͸ǿҵ̰֮⣬ɱַ㣬ַϵʥԼǵġ
Ƭ澰ֲľ֮ףÿһκ£ܵƬȵһ±Ҫɫܳǿֲ׺䶥֮
ղڵڣ񽻳Ҳɱǡַ建ڿգֳǼǿ߶
Ⱥһַ㣬Ȼвǣд
̫ˣǽӵпֲ׵ΣǻλǿߣѵַصΪ绹첻ɡ
ɱ
һһܽշ飬˺壬񡣡
һֲϢŶϣȼŨս⣬޷죬ȻвˣҪǽ
Ԫ֮Уնɱһȳ֣ʱһռ֮˺գǿ󣬿ռ̺µ˺Ǻ˵ϣ׽˵嶼˺ѵҿռĹٶҲǼµģΣӵд͸֮
ɱռһŭȣпռγַ֣ȥ
ȴַŲһ̤ʱ·ؼһɰƹȻɱ֮졣
򽣹һַһնɱ·ǧŭХȻȴֻһ˲ںΨһ̺ռ˺֮Уնѣһɽ׳ޱߵ׵ų޾â֮ȫǿ׵硣
ȹһ˲ҽһԴըѣǹɿֲ֮»ڿա
һϢǿΣŭţЯ֮־ھصң磬Ĺڿճ˻˻Ļ촫漴ֻһֲתֱɱ
ˣɫ󾪣ˣܿ£ӵԣܹԶ׵
ǣһ貵ɫ׵Ŷһ촫͵ĽӲХͷ­һǿֱӱĨɱ
˻˻˺ѵٶȽ٣ַǰһǿɫΪַǿƵһռԲ򣬷·ʱܱѿ˺
ַ㳤裬з컭ӿ֣Ųһֲ̤עȫȻ䳯ǰɱХնѣӵһɽǰҲҪѿ
컭ǿֲռԲײƱƣȻڴʱһ׻Ȼը˵ؿڣҽһ컭ꪳ룬˺塣
һŭһֲ˺ѹַıַֻһ¶ЦַվûͷۣҪ˺ѡ
һѪַռ׵˺ѿһ׹â֣˵ɫȻ䣬ַϻʥ׻壬֮׹ǿޱߣһĹӲûκζԷ
ɱһŭ𴫳ֲ׵ֱϣ͵һͬʱַȻת׻֮ȭͷ֮ϣֱӺɱ˺ѵ
ͬʱһ˱˺ѵǽƺӵֲܹ̺ɱ顣
еλǿߣֻת˲ֻʣһˣˣڼ̵Ƭʱ䱻Ĩɱ𺳵սȺоͷͣĲ֮ˣôܹ˿¡
ϣж־
ȺɫӲ뵽ղַõֶΣ׵֮ռռ˺׵֮У׻ףУ֮֮ϣЯ쫷硣
ľȺ΢ܹľ֮ˣ
ңַ㣬ѵ֮ɣ
ܣֻ־ûе壬ֻгΪ壬ľ
Ⱥ뵽ľɲô׵ģ֮ǰͨ־ɵİֱţֱˣǲַܳΪʮ
ַղűֶսȷʵľλǿߣȻƫˣŻ뵽Լܱ̭ϾǶؾ磬һһĨɱͷͣǳƽ
뽿Ҳôᣬַսôôֲնˣʱ䡣
ʱһգɫѿǰĿ꣬Է۽ǴǳǳЦݣȴľĸо
ɱַһ³ŭХЯǰɱȥɫ԰ף˫ַӡֻͻأã͵촫崩͸Ȼûƴ͸գһַ㲫ɱĻᡣ
ַŲһ̤ЯȻѹһĳʥֲܻɽ壬ŶԷȻ¡
ƣŭһռ˺һУɽ嵱УҪɱַ㡣
ûлᡣֲַ̺׻ռЯֲƣƳǰɱ¡ľ޴ڿռըѣɽ飬졣
ַһ³ֱӲԷԴУ͵Ĳ¡
ַ΢΢һڶԷϣһУöԷʧգսɶ
ʱַתü֮ɻ⣬񷣬ԡ֮£ɫǰ貶Ŀʱַ㣬ǧ졣
ַ·ܹܵԼ֮ڲϵܹǿĸ
ɫǧ񣡡Ⱥһַ㣬λãʮﶼûǧַ㣬һ֮ˣ˲õ£Яֲƣնǿߣɫ


1183 ֤
֮֮ûеһжǿ̸˿ԡɫУ֮ǿޱȣϴȫҵϸ˹ʢ
ַ˫һ貵âԲ綼Ƴ֮ɫܹһԣһִΪһͨ࣬ȴһͷ㣬ͽܹ˺ѻɱ
Ŀתַϣһ貵ɱȴ΢΢һЦɫлҡ
Ҫл㡣ַһ³Хâһ׵֮һС
ֻż棬ƮȻˣͻأ䣬·ǧף֮ͬ硣
ֻŵɣɫ񣬵ǵҲ١ĮһЦ̤һ֮ϡ
쵰̣ŮΪݣܵİǷ硣Գɵһղŵٶȣ·˲Ϣǧףз̺֮С
ַ΢΢ͷȻҲоĿֲٶȣһͷϿգ漴ֱϥϣ̺Ŀռ塣
֮ˡɱ⣡
ַȴ³һ֮Ⱥͷ΢÷ļһռ֮ϣһ仰ɱ⣬漴ˡ
ԳүүһԳһЦҲַԣȺԡ
뽿ҧ촽ɫѿһֱַ㣬Էֱӽ˰㣬ǰ˻ľĴŮ֮һ˭һʧ񡢾ˣַ㣬һμʱһԲֱӶһΣӣǰ
һԼĶ磬ʥȺǰˣ𣬶ԣץʱΨһ֮ǲǻ˿ĺشʺϣ֮壬᲻ץʱ䡣
ʱһƮ뽿ĶУ΢漴ƲƲ죬ǰʥ߿ʼռ壬Ŀռ嵽һЩʱˣ˴Ӧڶذɡ
Ҳ׷׿ʼַ˵ˣֻݽãԸղֳַսܶǲԸȥǵģ˵貵ɫǷǳĶǰܣ·
֮ż澰򣬻аƬ׹䣬ַõ˲ٿռƬĽһ߸һټϴ˿ڵλñӵǿҵĿռϢڶʮռ־֮Ҳ˾ء
֮˸ַЦ£漴Գһص֮ϣֻ֮֮ûп־ˡ
û˷ʱ䣬ֱַ֮һ޵֮ʣٴ۾
˿̣֮ϣʮˣֱΪַ㡢顢ԳɡĪϧСʸᡢѩԼ飬ʮˣǣټϰлһ˵Ļôƺһˣ
ˣһʱɫЩ죬ַΪƣһʮˣദǣڰ֮ˣп֮ˣ˵ĻҲϣԷܹǰһġ
ԱѾʼ˴սʥֹ֮ͣޱǿֱֶӽļĨɱȡǵֲ˵ǿֻѡģԷκλᣬһľ
ѣɱ˶ñ˵ʬ̳Լĵǿ֮·ؾġ
ʥˣһߣХһ壬ٶͬ⣬ÿһοռµĶһȻޱ񣬵Ƕ֮顣
λ˲һ󶯸ɸ꣬ǣﻹһˣΪ˱⣬ҪһµġẬЦ˵֣һЦ˵ߵ뵽һһ֮С
ӽİɣҲȥЦ£ģֲ棬Ҳȥˡ
˵ţ̹Ȼȥ档
ȻԸȻˡǳǳһЦӿַһַۣ̲סͷ΢Էһж̺Ȼ֮ǿʹְ־˳
һռ䲨֮ʱѵ˽ŲֻоһֽһƬռ䵱УĲţֱӶѡ
˿̣ʮײ֯һ𣬻һƬ޴Զսſֲɳֲֿ⾳Ƿ˺ѣżµ˸о궼
ʮ쵽ǿֲԶսռ䵱У߿յ澰ϣÿһܹͨһƬ򣬱ַڵɱսܹ֮ͨȪ
ʮʣˣл̤澰
Ȼʱȴṳ̂ŲŰֲ̫ˣǹײ£ܽ˻ɱ
ԼСĵ㣬ȥԡַ֮˵һ΢΢ͷ漴ַֻŲһ磬̤ɱս̼䣬ֲֿͬ籩㣬ȫϡ
ǣһ£ַͷȻ˿ͷſֲϢַ˶ԡϹ⵱У׵綼޷ɱַһǹתݣڲϵĴ
ˡХ֮ħ죬ɻƽ죬Źһ̤ӽ¶У񣬽
Ҳ̤Ƭռ䣬Ͽֲ׵ݣ׺ӦҲ֮ܽǿ׵֮塣
Ѿ̤Ƭռ䣬ʱȺ˸һӰԶ̤ɱս׳ʿһȥţƬսͷ֮ϣǿֲ澰
Ƭռ仹ܹ֧סġһɹɿֲŰȺܼ֣ɿֲݲԼ塣
ַһһ٣˿춨Ͽպ㣬Ŀ£ȻĲȴ˿ûֹͣڣʮ
ַվһ漴ͷգÿ׺£վĵطֲܵ
ɫϷѣҪһлޡ
ַ㣡ԳɵһŴ˿̵ַ㣬һ̫ˡ
˿ַҲ£ӣɫҲ˷ɡ
¡ɫ׵֮Ϣ漴Ȼīĺɫ֣µ˼¡
䣡һ׹ַϣֱַӱҵſ£۵³һѪֻоظʹԴϢ
ϥַ̧ͷڵĶڣ͸һĨЦ֤֮ģɣ
ɫײַ֮壬ǸӣҪǧɫһҷ


1184 ַ
ϼܾܳףⲢԣ˿ַ̱֡
Ȼܹܣַ֮ǿֲַָԷٵĻָ
ַĿȻ֮ϵĽ֮񷣬һɼĺڰ˺ѵա
֤ģļһ֮ģ᲻ɴݡȺǳӰͷΪ𺳣ǻԼղǲǰһԵġ
ǣһ׹дƬպݺݵһ͵ַϣַݺݵĳ鴤£ó費ݣϣ͸һޱߵĿ֮⣬³һѪɫĭ쳤Х
ɫ׵ַ嵱УַǣŨŨĿ
ʱַ֮У׵ǿϣ񱩡𡢺飬η壬죬Ҫһмÿһְ壬ĸԣ׵磬ѷǿҰš
׵磬˭ң֮֮ѱԻ١ַǵı֮أֲ׵һιᴩ壬ȻһΣַֻǲ£ûѪ壬վ˫֮䣬ȫǹ׵
ʱַǰԶĿĶַ㣬͸һĨѪɱɫܹ֮׵Ӧϣַ㾹Ȼõ
ɱĺâһ֮͵ĳַɱȥֲ̺֮׵ֱӿַԴҪ׵ַԴըѣַ֮ء
Ȼڴʱַ˫Ȼſ貵ĵâ޾񣬺Ҫնա񷡣
⣡ɫһƴַп׵Ȼֲɱ֮ɲٶȿ硣
ըëҡԳŭһȴַû£
Գһ㶣漴ַֻ˫񣬲κ衣
ߣұն֮춼Ҫ𡣡ַ³һֲ֮һȭɱȭͷΧ֮ȫǿֲ׵磬Ŀⶼߡ
ɱ
ַһ³¡ըأԶŵսһ˻ֻоȭͷѣ׵Ŀ𣬽ȭͷ˺ѵڲͣĵѪһ屩ǧףĶַ㡣
ôǿ˫ǲŵɫޣǿ󣬶ңǰӵа֮֮ޱǿƾײղţַ£ټϻ׵壬ȭͷѪ졣
ڹų֮⣬ѹң̤ųǣ൱֮ѲΪҶ֡
ַ㵭³һ·һ򵥵ĻҪ֮ģ˵һײʱâɣЯҪɱַ㣬ȷʱַ㣬ԶųַѾսˣڣһ֮£սܣ
ǺεŵĻ֮ѲΪҶ֡
ַǰȻ̬񣬺޲ַ˺ѳɷ顣
䡭һַϣַͷ춼Ҫ졢׵֮ǿֲ壬ϵĴҪΪ׵֮塣
ǿ󣬲ſɸǿ취ʹ÷ӳͨӵĿԡ
ʱʮ֮ˣһʶַ㣬Ҫʮ֮꣬ǰʶֻ˿̣ȴʼ˼ס
ս֮ϣɱ¾չѾм˺ַһɫ񣬲֮־ȴ֮ϵ澰ԹףʵǶϣҪ̤澰ȥ
һ඼ɱӰģ㲻Ϊáħ߹˵˿ü֮ɫԣĿ˳ϣҪ̤Ƭ籩֮С
ħĻ΢ħǽȥնַġ
ַ֡ʱһӰַǰ˿ͨƤΪڣϴŵЦ⣬ԵƵᡢܺദ
ֱַ㵭һЦԭǸڣȻصΪַǲŵġ
ãַ֪˷ǳҲȻͬѰڷ·ַǳ㣬ƺԼٹַ㡣
һֻǸֽҵľԼʲôʱңַЦ˵ӦûڸֵǬаɣ
ǳ鴤£ַһС˿в˶
ַ˵Цˣȥˡһյпֲȥ
ַдǳЦղǻǿ˵ģ˵ǼһǷǳȤܹʵϺȥ͸ɡ
ʱַϥһʱϣӭſֲ׵磬֮ϵ澰С
޾ĿҪַ˺꣬ͷð亹Ի֮󣬱㽣Ļ꣬뽣ʼڶꡣ
һУֱӲ˺һеĿռ澰УֲĿռҪ˺ѵ㣬ޱȵĿ¡
Ϊ壬꣬ǽ֮壬Խ־ڼֲ֮꣬ճɾͽ꣬һΪ׵磬񡢻ǵڶΪռ䣬׵˲ɱ֮ͬУһɱ˭ܲǿޣһһն֮֮
ַϱˮ͸˺ޱʹ޷ҡǿżޱȵģֲĹֻΪϣӲޱȣ첻
͡ʱһ貵Ľâַɱһ⺮ؾֱַüġ
Сģ龪
ȴַβ˿ܶҡ
ɱһ³֮帽ſռ˲ɱ͵Ϯַ֮ͷ­ըѣ֮أǰһ֮䣬ɱһУ׵硢񡢻𣻿ռ䣬˲ɱ˺ѣ
Χַ˲٣һĻԶͷһ·𿴵һ֤˿ΰ˭ɱ˭


1185 
׵壬ǿĿռ־Ⱥַһ̺Ϊ𺳣׵ռְ壬ַȻҪˣԽգǽɱһеĿռ䵱У֪Ǻ⣿
ȥˣûɫҲܹȥֻ˳Լеʱ˿˳е澰򣬶ʱĿޱȵֻҪŵˣϿУ̤澰
ǶȥҲءַ㿴Գɵ˹΢΢ͷ
á
Сĵ㣡
һ׷Ͽ̤ȥȪˮȥ
ǣֲ׺ַϣһͬʱ˺ѵʹɻڣȻȴֻҧ촽Ѫ΢΢ͷ¶һĨ֮ɫŭ
ռȪˮ򡢷֮ɱЩ壬ȫҪַŲһ̤ǵ촫ݣַ徹죬ӭŹף߿е澰򣬶Ǿʮͨ
ֲ׼һɻѹ٣еĽ֮׵磬Ҫַ
ɱַŭХһֲ׵ϹţϿյ׺ɱȥ޷졣
ǣ֮׵˲Ϣַͷŵ׵ûһ׵磬¡һѵַ㱻ݺݵȥ
䣡ַŲһ̤棬ٶڿգײϵĺϣȴ޷ҡľġ
ڣһδεķַ徹ĳ澰ЩŵȥȺͷ鴤ַ㣬ǵһӭף澰ȥˡ
˿ַ̣ңһƬƬ澰ַ򣬿ֲıѩҪ˵嶳ɱұߣǳޱߵĻܷɱһС
Ͽգǽ籩ϣǿռ澰л𳤺ӣȪˮ
¡¡Ʒؽ׵ٴκ£ַ㰺ͷŭĿҪַ죬ӭ׶ϣһΣֻ½˼ٶǰ̤磬ֱ˺ѵĿռС
ַһθܵ˫ʹ࣬Ҫ˺ѵʹ࣬ǳܹܣַǲѪǱԼҧģӣȴô貶Ŀ
ǿռİվʱ޿̲ڸܣ·ܹ嵱УȥƬռ澰Ҫռ֮
׵ǿꡢҲǻ𣻶ռǰ֮ȫԳɿռ䣻˺ѣ˺һУӵ˲֮˲Ϣһְ壬ݸУҪ޲ϵȥ򣬲ϱǿûֹ
ַĿĸſռİڻߣޱʹࡢƾܣһ;ӭѶϣ޾ʹֻΪһĨ⣬ص⡣
ַ⣬м̤Ƭռ澰ҲĸĿռȥ
ռ澰򣬴濴ƺ󣬵߽ȴһĿռ䣬޾ޱߣһͷ
Ųǿռ澰ˣҲһ
ַϥĸſռϴ񣬶ԿռҲһı̣Ƕ˺֮
ʱַ뵽ʥɱڻʱ򣬱ÿռ嵱е˲֮֮Լ˺֮ɼͬռ壬Ҳǿģãܴ
գַ̧֮䣬ռ֮·һƽɫ˿ߣĽ֯ת˺ſռ䣬ֺ˲Ϣ䣬ܹ뵽յУ֡
ռ壡ַ¶һ˿Цݣ׼뿪Ƭռ澰мְҪûʱ䵢顣
ڴʱռ澰УһɿֲӶعͷַĿ͵һֻڿռ澰һ貵ĳ۳ǣ֣·ܹûյУɲ㡣
ÿֲʥʥ֮пֲ̺ǿĿռСַͷһڴʱҲǼۣ̼Ƭ澰Ϊļͬʱ˸ֱǼۣһֲʥ
ˣַϻһۣһĨһףϵϢҲڽĸı䣬һַ̣ϣǿֲ·аʦ
Ųַ̤ƵУȨȳ֣δùľƷʥȨȡ
һɷַ֮ڵƯǰС
Ƹܵ˿ֲаȺĿȻתַж·͸ſֲ˺
˭ȺĿһȫааͬʦ㣬ڸղţûпôһ˴ڡ
䣡ַ̽ʱһɿֲӣ˲Ϣ貵ĳ֮ϣһֱ̽ӿסۣ̼ҽһ̺һɿµ֮Ʋʳ
֮˭˻ȻתĶַ㣬ѵߣһֱ֮䣿
Ǽۣҵģַ³һһǰƮȥ˿֮ΪΡ
ɱֻһӱ䣬һһɿµ˺˲ϢַǰҪû
𣡡Ȩָǿֲ˺̼ʧޣַĿⶢˣĵߡ
䣡
䣬ε֮ϵԪȴ޷ֵȨȵĿֲ֮ŭ޾ڶצҪ˺ѵ
ɱ
Ȩָָ֮ˣһָ˻֣֮漴ȥ
һȨȣԽƷʥĴڣʥľ֮Ʒʥߡ
ǳ֮϶˭ᴥ֮
ʲôˣʱһ۵ߣĿĶַ㣬˺Ȼʮ֮һʥ
ҪߡַɻǰƮţȨȸ߾֣飬ûܹ赲˭ɱ˭


1186 ȡռ䳤
嶼֮ˣֻʣһŰףȺַ㣬ͻȻֵļһӵȨȣܿ£ͨȨȷֱֲܹ֮ɱ
ߡɱ¾ߡߵ֮ˣĶ𣬶ңǶûںڰУվǰ㶼֪Էݡ
㳯ǰƮӰȺһɫۿҲǾƷʥεرңǿռԣʺռˣǶԣֵ޷
ʱֻʥĿַ㣬һһ̼ɫ֮ţâɵıޱȣʥǶҵûʥ
ɱһʱӿǿĿռ͵ĳַȥҪַС
ַһȨȺڵ֮ϣ漴һϣ׳ͨ죬֪ʲôǿĲ죬ų࣬ԶѿήϹ㡣
ϣһĿ·̺ǿʥƣϹʱڵ·
䣡ֲĺľݺݵײڿռʥУйâɣ˺ѵĿռһ貵Ŀռ֮УҪϹŲ֮նϣȴҡ˷ֺ
䣡ַչȨȣеľǰУһɿֲ֮ͨӶ޿赲
ʥɫ΢ͨƷʥͷ̫ǿʢˣֻһջأͬʱռ֮âǰŶ徹ͻأʧͬʱַоһɿֲΣ١
ɱһ³һ貵ɱռɱҪնԴַѸܵ˿ռ䲨΢ʱռ˺һУǿֲĹƶ˺ѿ
䣡ַ³ͬʱĿռ֮ȭ͵ɱҪ˺ǰֵӰ
ʥ˿ң˫ּٵӡһʮֿռǰţɱ֮ͬʱַȭͷһɿµĿռʥԿռãǳ£ٱǿˡ
̫֮ǿʢˣһƹ֮ʥϣ΢΢һ漴ʧַߡ
գʥһʥѹǼռ䳤ۣռ䳤貵Ĺâסղ
ȻʥһͲ²⣬ʥղռ䳤ۣⳤ۵ƷףǳߣͬʱϣֲĻӿ֣ȼԼ壬һƹǺ֮ڻţյ
ȨӦǾƷʥⳤ۸ⳤۣҲǾƷʥʥתл³ҪϵյһۣѰ·
ַǰУٶȲ죬ÿһǰУб³һһε֮֮
ûֵܹȨȵ֮䡢ɱַ㲽ȣÿһּ³һĿ־壬ʴǵǵĵֿ
ˣʥŭһֲ͵˳Ȼûã˲һƺƿҪ㣬ĿĶַ㡣
Ͳ⵽֮ɡʥȼһ𣬷ǹɿֲַ㾹Ȼ֮䣬Ϊ֮Ȼ˽֮һֲǧ򻯣֮ͨ˱ʴ귢֮£ܹɱ˵꣬ӰΣ㹻ǿĻܹ֮ɹȥ
һɿȷԺħŽƷʥȨȣַֻܷӳһĻǿҲɱ
Ϊ֪ҵһǿ󡣡ڤַ³ǿҵ֮⣬Ȩ֣建ĳǰʥɫѿ˿ȥء
һҵ˭ģʥ˵漴һֱʧƬռ䣬ĹɫøѿˣԷӵޱȿֲȨȣʥˣǼսĻ»ıַɱ
ַɨʱǼ˸룬Ȼǿ󣬵ȴá
ȿȡȺߺַһаҪǿľԼ֧ţ򷢻Ӳֲ֮˿ɫ΢һ˿԰ס
óе֮ɢַǰҪǳ
ȻͬʱһɿֲͻأĴͷϿս٣ַȻһ⡣
ɱֱ̧һƺɱֲĿռԼޱȵĽ֮ͬʱţҪһж
ַ͡ƱѣѪ죬ɫȻӵĲ԰ǿޱȣֻƱ㱻ֱ˺ѵˡ

ַȨȺȻ䳯ϿҳȻȴһ貵Ŀռɱ֮гԴնɱȨֻӭϣֵס˿̶ԷѾʧ
գַĿ貵֮âղֻҪһ˿ռ䳤۾ͱˣʥİӦѾ˵ڶأǿ
ջأһŨ֮ӶѪƷɿĻָš
ַָ֮ϥͳܿռ˺ѵʹֺķѾս־ҲоԳܣоԼ˿Ӧǰ֮Ȫˡ
һʥڻ治ð죬Է»涢ʶݵĻǻǳΣգȨȺǿռ䳤ۣնʥּֻҪΣˡ
ţڴʱһٻӰַ֣¶һĨЦݡ
ԭӰȻ뽿ֻ˿̵Ŀַ㣬΢΢Щɵ
ˣַ˸ֱ뽿ȥһɿֲ֮뽿о
Ҷһŭ֮ʥ뽿ǰֱӱǿֲ˺ַɱȥ
ɱַһ³Ȩȳǰʥӡ뽿壬ƾŲƣϺˣһǿ֮Ǻȥ
ַ¶һ˿ЦݣȻ߿գ硣
̤ռ澰ַȨȣֱȪˮ򣬵ʥס֮ʱֻһӰû֮ȪƬС
ɫ΢΢һʥ֪漴Ҳ̤ȪˮУϾȪˮǿʢޱߵƬ֮Ȫܴ󣬷·һﳤٲ£͵һŨŨʥӱ䡣
ѾʧӰ٣ȪˮˣϿʮӰ֮ȪˣӦǸ澰ģЩӰϵ߿̤ȥﻹߵӰʥ֪Էˣֻ켣ȺУеһˣѾȥ
ʥϥȪˮУϴδ


1187 ٶ
ʱַȪˮУѾ˱Ŀ
翴ȥ֮ȪһССȪˮٲȻ˿УȴȪˮֱǧɣȻˮȴǳĻ壬ַоÿһë׶չȥÿһ䡣
һַĸо͸ղżֱǿֲ˺ʹ˿Ѫַ̫ⷴƮƮɵ֮С
ַ֮֮ϴѪûȫ֮ǹɿռ˺ѵʹƶڲͣļ
˳Ȫˮϣ֪ʥˣȴδʥһۣǲȨȷֲʥսذɣȨȾƷʥعĺá
ãȨȣԴһݣߵݣݺַ֮䣬ǲɵˣ
Ȫˮ֮УŮᡢѩ棬鶼ҡϣϵĳȪˮϿնȥƺѰ֮Ȫľͷ
ȻȪˮٲºͣ˵ϣһɿֲѹʵҲ޷ֱӿԽȥȪˮȪۡ
ַǿӵɫ޾ĻХһӥչᣬ͸߷ɣܿ׷˼ˡ
˵Ŀַ⳯ͶЩϤַֻ֮ǳǳһЦ
ֹҲȤôվߴŵַ͵Ц£ǧģҪ޷԰Ρ
ջᣬɣȴɷָпһͬΪŮӣ˵ַۣҪһġȻһЦַĻƵЩûìܣгͻû˻ġ
ϣֹܹɹɺ֮ЦߵԲԶһλŮӣŮӾҲ˿ڰ˻ľĴˣ͸һĨмƣһһ͸Ȼ֮⣬Ůӵü֮ƻһĨ÷ӡǡ
ЩŮ֮⣬Ȫˮ֮лλӣǰһַϵãȻһˣһϮƮƮӣ͸һĨŵκ֮ţӢ˿һ۱øС
ԳָŸ߹Ĵųʼҵţ裡
ȤַЦ£һ
ʱ˳£ѹϣַֻһϿ̤ȥһʧҪֱӱߣѹƿǰ
ܴ󣡡ַ㿴һۣаٲ֮ң
飬ǷʱַͻȻһЦ鴫еȪɻкܳһξ룬򲽶޷̤ȥҪȪˮԴͷеۣҪܳһʱ䡣
΢΢ͷҲô棬ǿԶûַôִţȻַ˵ȻַģƽЦ£һЦ
ַϥ֮ʣߣʱ˵һ촫һԶַֻоЩ㿴ʥ̤Ŀɨһۣ
ʥˡŮɣȻòαװϢܹ䣬ôŮһα죬ȻȻΪ߱ˣȻҲп˭ǡ
лָҪ죡ַâȻΪƬȪˮУʥϴӣܹõ֮ȴܷʥǿڰ˻ľһг۵ʮǲǿʮˣʵӹɵģܹӱʥԿռƿرܹһ
΢΢̧ͷַֻռʥ֣ÿһ̤ƺҪ˵ĺüַ΢΢һռʥҲҪĻƺ˸ơ
ƺȤˡַЦ£ƴ˿һжûйϵһֻǰ֮塣
̤֮ǰ㽫־˾أ˿Щ澰侳ܰκһˣܱƽʱװٱַ֪Լû̫츳ΨԷΪţʲôޣǸ
ʱ仺Ĺȥһ¡촫еսѾʼЩڽӽȪˮȪ֮أʥϣҪԾȻ϶ȡȻ֣ƮƮֲȻʹõ£ʥǿ־ɱӰ쵽ңỹƿػ֮壬ûǧʥ嶼ֵþУʥռ˺֮ǿޱȣһʱ޷˺ѻ֮ռ䡣
ͬΪˣ֮ʱռɱ·ֱĸоѩʼ콾̽裬˫ƿصȴɱ壬ÿһ趼Ҫɱ֮޷԰Σɱɱ֮ʱɱΪɱ֮޿ײ룬Ծһ˲䣬Σա
ˣĶ֣Ѫڡַгǿս⣬ΪǶ԰ƿضԶʮţܿӭѶϣ㲻ƷʥҲҪ棬̤Щ֮پۡӲ񷡣
飬˻ˮ㲻Ҫͣҵϲ澰ȥ߱ҡַ鴫һ漴Ȼת̤֮֮߳Ȫ̤֮ǹ쫷֮С
ƬռıսƺѾûֻӰƬ澰иŷ
ַһλñ£ŷ֮
硢ȴָǿޱȣ΢˸оƢ쫷ɨ֮ʱȴݻһУֱܹӸѶضƷ񷶼ܸѡ
磬翣ûܹƿм׽͸
ÿһɶܹ˴֮⣬Ҳܽ˾յС
ַ˼ȴȫڷ֮ϣʱȪˮеսѾȻ˶뵽ȪˮĴսУΪֲѹ̫ǿǶѹս
λαغСŮѵĿյ㡢𡣡ϸģŮ·ҪУ˸޷԰ΣǿǧĵȻ̬
õֺηֻһ꣡аʮ㡣
ˡڴʱһ貵Ľâ·գֱӴ͸ֱȪˮȪ֮ͬʯΡ
ãɫһһƿռ֮ǵļʸ·˺һӣֱӳȪˮ
һĻȺĿ⽩ӲڴΣȴ̵һˡ
У̺ռУ


1188 ڱ
ɫһݣ뵽һλӣ˱޽׵壬ǰʱ仹Ȫˮ֮о壬ͻأʧҲδ⣬ȴ˽̺ռ֮ۡ
ֹԽԽȤˡǳЦ£漴Ųһ磬׷̤ȪˮҲ׷׸Ŷ磬ȻȴֻǱХһûֱӽƬޱȿµ쫷統У֮ƿֲУռ䶼ѿһɺڰ籩
üΪƣЩ澰У̺ΨȪˮ̤ͬҲ࣬ǻ֮ǿֲ쫷ܹǵնѵ֮廹һЩԷܹǿĵֿշ֮ΪԼãǲ޵ĻԳܣȥˣսҲҪۿۡ
ѩܹϵ̤ȪˮУղǱ㷢֣Լʵ΢ǷȱȥҲҪ
ֹܹİ࣬ҪǵýۻˡǳǳһЦ͸쫷紫ַУ漴ĽŲһ磬Ҳ۷Ȫˮ֮УۣȻɡ
ʱϥ쫷ַֻۣоһŨϢ壬Եǿڻʱ
ַ֮ͬʱҲʼ·֮ռ佣Ѿɣ񣬸۵Ľˣ澰ڲҪ߱˻ȥѰܹ֮ء
ַΪ⣬ǱľżĮĿɨҲֱӡ
ʱַ㣬ʣ֮˶ץסѵõĻҵʺԼ򣬸ܰȡƬ澰ر֮ǰѾİ֮
ʱзţֱַ̤̤֮֮˻򣬺ֹ
֮һУԲˣ֮ǣıˣַжԣȷһɱ䡣
ڻַĵӰַ㶼ȻȻԼλʦ֣һˣһϮۣոż³𣬺
ַֺþòڿַһЦԵø׽
þòַЦ£漴ϥ£֮Ҳƿռ䣬ٻԣ貶Ŀ̺
ַԣ漴»֮ϴӽַ֮꣬ͬշ쾭̫ͼ貶Ŀ湦ԻҪ˳һЩ
֮󣬸վתǵʿȥŵЦ⣺ҲһʱˣǷԹ黹С
𣬻ƶã֮ʩĪҪ۸ƶǡ
ʿٲȻһɷģиӶмƮȻ֮С
˵ЦˣǻȿȻУοҲ˵ֻǽһʱգתۼѾһ֮ãѵյĳŵ𣿡ɺЦ̸Ц㡣
ƶ˵𣿡ʿһȻ飬ȻøĿһ㶣аЦͬأ
˵ţڸֶŵʿ˼б˵ӦСһ£ʱѵȴʸڷϣɷ硣
оСûбûУƶӲڿƶڡʿɫԴǣǽڶ˵һһ㶵ġ
ʱһȦкЦ˵ģ
ƶû˵
˵ģأ£ΧǵʿһŻڿգʿУ·צĿ£Щ浱Уһƺڰ֮ɫ
ǣϢ
ʣʿ壬ȴ֮λʡ
֪ʱںЦ˵ƽ糣Ƶ
Сƶ˵ûбûУƭ㲻ɡʿƺǳߣվ漴Ųǰһ̤ŭú룡
¡£һĻ潫ذ֮У·һͷԶŵĻӶŸڣſһʱʿܵĻ㱻ȫûˡ
ڵɫڱˣ޷ٱƵᣬ¶Ȼɫ⡭ôܣ
СǴˣû˵裡ܿ죬ڱָȻɫ˵֮ʱɳ鴤
ˣƶѾ˵ƫƫҪƶҿ㲻Ǻˣƶ㾭飬ָƶʿһ˵øջָƽɫĸɫһֱʺʿüڡ
˵ЦˣָӵСһѪôҡ
𡭡еĻſֲĺâʿ˵ƶ˵ڿﲻЦһﲻǺˣٲָĪƶɱˡ
ߵˣ˿̵ĸĶˣĥˣȴߵ壬̫ǿʢˣһڽû
ãǵûҡӲ
ʿӹָ漴УǿĻֱ֮Ĩ˸봢ָϵøɫһ
ָػصʿУУ漴¶һĨЦܿαװһĿŸڣָƶġ
Ѿ֪˵ʿٱ飬ҧЦǵģ
ţ·ȻӸңಲСʿϻָһĨƣƽ͡

ҪֽţҪɫһŭϢҧгݣ·£Ӹ˵ʿ
ʿ˷ҵһǬ漴ļһﵹ˳٣һ޴ıпֲȣ⣬ԵİƬԼһЩö
ʿЩ˼ͨͨ漴Ǽûõ·ӻظ˸ڣЦŵͬΪҲףһʣȻԲõƶҲΪ㣬Ժú÷ʡǵˣ
ǵˡ⻰û˲ĵʿƴˣڶԷʵֻˡ
ȥȥɣǵƶĻʿ˻ֲ֣ĻʧǹǿʢޱȵϢҲˣĺˣ߻ԭأַǳ˳飬һĨȿ޻ҪѿЦݣַֻܵݹһڰɫ
αۣҲҪҵıͻɵûҡַ㴫˵᲻֪ʿǺˡ
ǱĶôģһַУַ㰵쵰̰Ķڡ
αۣҲ֪ΰ׵Ƭн޵УûҵĻǵûġַζЦݣƬҧø
ãһ㡣
Ǭг˶ͶеĻ⻹вٺöҶͦȤģ
СۼסһҧгݵַЦ£˺ĴЭ飡


1189 
ΪۣϾһֻǲл긴գֶΣܹǿ󷨣Ȼ䱾սҪʵƣǣڻУĿֲӹɵģΪ׵ۡ
ΪˣƬ浱Ҫ棬ȻŰˣ˿䰲ǣȴ˼ûˣʮĻôװ͸ɱĻ쵰ˣΪ·ǬеһЩܹסȴû뵽һ򾡣Ǹ˲¹ͷĻ쵰ɶǣɥĳʿȻһĸԼҪú÷ʡԺˣ
ַ㵹ûȥ̫࣬Щͬ鸶ڣ˷۱űǴ˿̸ٵ龰ɣĿַ㰲̫ͼӡϣַ㾲ĸŻıŰԼƮ죬û̫õʱ˰Σ˫˲һɻ
׵硢ռ䡢硢棡
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬Լ츳ʵԼеҪǿЩν˵еʮѾƿ֣߾˾û̫ѶȵģһΣַ㷢ԼòҲţмֵˬоְԲһ˳ɡ
ַ˼ʱ̣ͻأһɿֲ֮ѹ٣΢΢̧ͷĿҪ͸գһڹ
ǣַ㻹δüӦһĤݺһɣ궼
ؼľȻһ䣬ɱ֮գַ㷢Լڻ֮أʧˣ澰Ҳһ֮³׼𣬵յУȴİƬ䣬һ澰˰Ƭ
ˣһӰ˸սŴİƬ
滯ĵʿĽǴӸϰǬʹ˳һӣһޱȾ޴ĿӣֲдʱƬӿǬС
֮ţַһգͬʱҲʼӶᣬ˲ʾٶӶƬת˲֮䣬·Ϊʧϵʱյ͸żĸоûˣ̶̵Ƭ̱һա
ǶŶ׹µȺε赲޷澰ֻܿдУȥܰ˿е䲻࣬˰֮ò׵ȵɢƬ֣Ƕлᣬ֮ʲôûʣˡ
ϧˣ潣껹һЩ򡣡գַǰʱͷųĿ֮⣬ͣķ֮Ž꣬Ѿͨ顣
ַ㱾Ƭ澰дһЩʱ䣬ɿˣƬ澰еһУÿһƬһ⣬޷ߣװһЩȪˮ޷ȪˮƸʵģǰûģЩȥգȥ壬ʵ
۷֮Ҳһ֮ͷ壬ɳ֮Ȫһ֮Ż壬ɳֲֿİ𺣣Ȼֻǿܣ֮ǣǿ޷㣬ͷųǵİ峡˺ƽ˰磬֮ǣһĳǳأ翣ǿ֮գܹ̤롣
ĿɨȺ̤澰򣬵˿ʣµˣֻʮˣʮ˱նɱˣһ롣
֮Ȫеۣ˿ƺӦó˰ɣʱһ𣬺ӿַǰ˿ϵаϢǿ󣬱ƿ˷֮ʱȻо
֮ȪеɫһĿȻַϣ˸
ÿһƬռ澰УһˣЩУн˶˱ԼҲҲСַϣ˼գǳÿζǽ֣֮Լȴһֱδ¶ʵ
㲻ľ磬ƺӵӵУǰ仰˵ġЦȴûҪֵ˼ֻ˵̰֮һޡ
ҲϣֹܹСŮӡʱҲǰϵЦݼĹˣҪ˵Ķڻ
˵ЦˣûӵĻԸġַ㵭Цܾ
ԭҲǶ֮ˣˣԸһֹӴͽ̣
ǳЦ䣬ϥյУȹƮⷲǰһŹٳ֣
٣Ŀһ
ַСģֳħ٣嵯˵ܹħ䣬ǣʱԳɶַ㴫˵ǳҪַõۣҪ
֮ҲҪ䣬ӰģַΪߣǷЩˡСҲ֪ЦȰ
ֹӶ䣬ֻֹӶһԿֹӣڣԲУ˲δ޳ɣֻżһζѣԶСòصġ
üЦӲֱӣƻᱻԷȻ֮Ѿ뵽̸ЦֹУһ۾ȻĶ
ԲֹΪѵģЦ£漴ֲܷܷңһ֮˵Ů̲סһ
ַԵַ΢ȴ̹ȻһЦϥƲ쳾¡
ƮַУϡң˿̵˸һɾ֮УˡƮ졣
ǻþַиԼҲþ˼
̫ɾ֮ﻨ㣬ճ䣬ʤգַڴ˼ȹһһգһʱţȴȥУУȼ
ɾ֮֮ոһգ֮ԽԽǿң޷ԿأһգԶ̸ЦϷԶЩϴűȵξԣ࣬Цַ
նַһ³һâֱӽն𣬼Ȼ˿ҲҪ飬ģұն֮
̣βܼңַһ˿пӲδնɱƮȻǰߣɴ΢΢䣬¶Ǳǡ
ɱַжҡ³һ֣׵նɱ
ֹǺúݵģˣ˵ննʱһӰȻᣬɵӰﲨתַҪС
һнΪöѣȻն
쳾ǻΪʵ˿ڻþֻˣԸӦ˽ˣԸһдۣڻþû֪㹫Ҫū֮ҲǿԵģ
ĵħҡַģϺһа𲻶
񽻣þУȴʵɣߵַǰϵĳȹ΢΢»Щַĺݺݵһֵ֣΢һ˿죬Ҫ䣬ĵ֮⣬޷ƵסҪĳȹ»һЩ


1190 ݿ
ַ㶢ǰӰ˫ˮӳ޷԰Ρ
ҪֻҪᶯֱɣẬ˵·ҪǶȥӺӣܻӭ
ᣬַԽԽ죬ɳ컯Ϊƽĵ˽ս
˵ļǣ˿̻þֻ֮ңΪһգҺβڴ˼䣬Ѱ˼伫ַ֣Ϊӽ¡ַ㺬Ц˵Ϊƽ֣ļͷҪȥ
ڣִַ޹ǵļֵŮ壬ַȴɫƽҪΪȥ
Ȼڴ˿̣һлӰΪգ羵ˮ£ַӻþ֮Ѿֹͣ˸ٵֻ࣬ǳЦĿ
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̤澰򣬵Ȫˮеµģ˵סַȥ·Į˵
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ַͻȻЦԳɺ;Īϧδ˻֣ù
̤澰֮ˣ϶бǲҶǣȴΨңܺãַЦһǰң֮ˣˡɱ
ַһ³գ쵽˼飬ƽ̺̺֮ռ֮
ǣһֲ׵ų貵âȺ·𿴵һ״ɱ漴ַǰһըѣ˲䱻
һĻȺɫһÿֲĽ⽣һƿ˰ǿߣ°˲Ĩɱһ֮ˣ׾١
ɱַһ֣һղ˵֮նɱȥɫ󾪣ֲֿ׵һɲǣ޿赲ֱ֮
ͬʱַŲȺ͸ſµɱ׵壬׹⣬ǵЩΧɱַȺĲͣ
Ųһ磬ַӰ쫷磬磬˲Ϣһǰ˻ӳֲĴӡֵȴ͵촫ӡռֱ˺ѵ漴ֱַӿԴϡ
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ʣµļˣ΢΢
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ʱַƽҪϴ˼ʮָ֮ȫ֯ſµĵâ͸ſµ֮⣬Ҫۣãûã
ȺЩľսؾ磬ƿźüְֲİֱ֮ӽɱǱ̫ˣһ㣬̺壬ɱ飬Ѫ
һɱƿذǿͬʱ֣˺ѡĮ˵ַһĿ⳯˵˲оһֻо䣬Ǳһص޶ţǱһͷֲ޶ס
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ʥնˣȺͷ΢΢鴤ÿµɱһУ޿赲
ҪַϵַۣҪǵ
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ӵл־Ҫ壡ɫŹַ֣㣬ѵְ岻ɣ
ְ壬ǣΪֻҪһͷŰɱֳȺеŹֵĵطǳ⡣
Ψ⣬һᣬһ˫¶ʣƺһ˵֮ǧǰֹһˣѵַǵУ
һˣǽޱ˿ַ㣬оһâַ޽֮ƺǲȱżмص޽֮ΪǱ̬ϳܵĽ֮ûûǾֽѣʹаʽ
ܿ죬ɱַȫ£һʣնɱ
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Ҫʲôַ¶һĨЦǿЦһֱҪݺأʲô
ҪΪ𣿡һַָŭȳڳַ㡣
ɱַһ̤ɱ֮⽵٣ͷ貹⻪ĵѣӴܣȻδӳ㱻͸ըѡ
ΪУΪУַ˵
ʦãһ˱־֣ѩ
ѩӣһУӦ˽ɣַ˵
ѩ̾˿漴ҡͷʦ֣Ȼˣֺαηηβ𣡡
ɫ԰ף漴ѩһʧǰţһĿĽ⽵٣ĩգüĴ


1191 ս
ѩۿԼͬűַնɱͷ΢΢£ָֻܿƽ֮ˣʯ
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صڣҵúñչأɹ֮Ǳѩа˴֮һжĳܴ󣬱ΪΪأ֮壬´ȥãȻ֮ǣǴ˵أ̫ǿߣһ츳ֲ
ַֻһˣ̤֮֮ǰֻҪΪѹؾַһսܣϾΪѹؾ磬أ֮Ƕ̶̼µʱ䣬ȴȷԸıһЩһ֮ˣڵȫַһսɻܡ
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һգʮֳʤڣ֮ǣû꣬ǣü֮貶Ŀ񣬻ûأԤҲûг֣񻹲֮ʱ
в˶ֳַ˿˿ȤɻԼ¿ڤСлʼ衢ʥϻĻɽڡ
ħǰУַ¶ǿҵɱڿѾɱַˣڣеҪǿʵ
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Գɴַ㣬һַȻһֱ˳֣˿Լվʵһսġ
ɱһ³ûбҪ˵ʲô̶ֱ׵һ貵â³һݷ˻
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͡䣡ֲײ֮ռ񱩣˵һַ֣㷴Ļᣬ˷ȥסΣ΢΢ţղǹҪƶնѵھ걬ַ㣬һƶҪն顣
˶༸ְǿ󣬶޷ðƿٶİ壬кáַǿȴǰȻ˵ƽѵַ㡣
ߣ˻˵Ŀ޳ܣַľ磬԰ƿϤɱԳף˵
ҵǻûȫͷš༥
ҪԳƴˣ˭֪ʲôˣлɱַ㣬̬ԳЦŷ̡
˵ĶԻַڶУ¶ЦݣƸںղһսޣֻս˳ɳսĵȥ򣬲޵ĵ·
ַ㵱ȻΪԼ˼ְһţӶкã粻Ҫ˰ֻǵһҪðӳÿһְǿֵҪģͬһְڲͬУӳǾ޴ģеӹš
Ҹղһս˭ûʤʵҳ˵ǿ󣬶壬ƿصĶ࣬ɱذɣⲢ˵ʲôֻΪҵľ͡бǸոİӳûǿ
ַһսмȡһЩõľ飬һս֮ʱܹǿһ֣ǲȥȥܹɳǿ
ڵҵȷɱ㣬ǣҪлл㣬һһҵֶΣն
ַ㿴Į˵ƽĻгǿҵţԹеİ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ߵֶΣնɱ


1192 ǧĽ
Բѣַ㣬һĨа죬ĵһΣһɢ
õаħãСɮպҪ̽һܷѹаʱһɮĵӰ߳˱ׯϣõҲˬ˿Ϊһɻ¿ڤС
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ڴʱڤڿնһ˻ؾױȵֱѹأһշ֣
ðԵСУȺͷһһƻڤ㲻սҲ˳ЦڤȴŹֱһŭرɫֱֲѹ޿ɱܡ
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ꡢ𣡡ŭһطҵ죬ŭײֲֿ磬˺һС
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ЩŵУҵķǸĪˡ
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ַ΢΢Ƿ˺£᲻Ը⡣
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Ƭַ֮ȫļ䣬漴߻˻֣һȥɣ
£˵ʧ
ߵһϣ۾֮ϲԵˣ츳ҲмĻҲ˵
Ȼ˵Ļַ޷ģ


1193 λ
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ַ˿ߵĻˣ伮ٶһһ˵ǷԷһ顣
ߣһĴڣַ֪Լܷ֤Ϊߡ
伮мأ½֮˲࣬һ޲ǿʢԶħԼɵ½ֹţǼµˣɵĨһԽ񽵽򣬱ӵһ֮ɱǿ֮
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ַһʱһɿֲĳ֮յУֲĻ⼫ǿʢ׳յС
ȥַһ³̤׵Уʱַз˻˻죬һͷ˺飬澰򱾸оޱɣ˿ڻж죬ֿʼǿµʹ
ȻȻַԼѡ񣬱Թ޻ڣҧַ㿪ʼշ쾭½͸һ̫ͼ֣ĿޱȣеĽڻ浱Уһ𲻶ϵַϣΪԪ塣
ַ̫̫ףӵ̫֮á
ַһԼߣʱڲתڣһĻŶХֹ̫׺ҪûĳŽӿȥͬʱַ̫ʶĿ̫㣬ϵĻתͬŽĻ
һĻһԵ£漴¶һĨ֮ЦҪͻˣԼַ㣬Ҫͬʱͻƣɻ֮
֮͡͡⣬ַϵ̫ͼҫգڣɲǣĿĻ֮Ҫռ䶼ȼ֮ǿʢ
ͻˣַ¶һĨǳЦΪѾһ߽ǿˣߣƺѾߣֿɼһСߣҲھնɱ
ˣңԶʵıǿȴԭ˵Ľ
澹ûȫģǿĽףַþ漴ʣµʱ俪ʼǰͨȨƷʥʹһЩͨͨӵ伮Ҫģ֮壬˰ܸõʹͨ
ںǿֶͨεʹöܷӳǿ
ȡȨȣʱһɿֲ֮Ӷַ嶼С
䣬ֻһ࣬Ȼ֮Ҳ֮ͬһַԽȨ伮мص䷨
˶ְַ֮ٴƺ࣬һַѾ֣׵֮־ǳɣǴͨɡ
ȻûаƬԼ澰İϢȻ֮ʱᲢۡ
ң֮һЩԾԼĲҪǳߣķЩͨķͬҪǿʢޱȵľԼ˵ʤ
һգʱ䵽ַÿռг߸һʱ䣬齫е׵漴Ż˻ַ֣˳һƬռ䣬֮ǵϿգǸ̤֮֮ʱޱߺ嫲ε֮ϡ
ƮһƬ칬ַĽŲ̤֮䣬ǶˣҲˣкܶ࣬޾ΪЩṳ̂ҲڣȴԶֻܿǰһȺ棬·Ҫλ㣬ǵж¶һĨĨĽʵɫ
ǰЩӰܽõԤߵԤԡ
ַ㿴֮ˣн澰˶ַǣ˿̣˲ӰûмӰоˣһװͷϴŶңȻȫߡ
һεߣоˣȺǵһοе֣߳ˣվһУȫһģһ޷˭˭
߱ͬɱ߳־ˣ֪ǿаû˼ߵսΣ޷ȳǵǳλ֣֪߳ǷԤԤ֮ʱǵ֮
֪˭ַ֮Ŀ⿴λߣ޷˭ߣػȴûмԷһ棬ɼԷء
⣬кüİӰ֪ǺˣҲɱеȻҲֻǲ²⡣
ַ㣬棡
ʱԶȺУв˵Ŀ⿴ַ㣬У̨ˣûܹҲַĵж֮ˣԯ졢ǣַЩȺ֮еʱǵӵâ
ԯ죬Ƿǳߣַ㾹ȻȥˣûУ̫ˣ˰׼̤ȴû뵽ڽ֮ǰ˴ˣ˱ǿ٣ʮеĸڣ˿ַ̾ԲԶ
쵰ԯŸһڴ˸磬аѾùˣȻ˵
棬᲻ᱻԤԳΪʣվԯԣɫѿ
Щ֮նԯӱ䣬صΪնַ㡣
ϣ˰ɡ΢΢ͷȴֲĸо


1194 Ԥ
ȺվĹϿգڲݣ漴һʵӰӰʵۡ룬ƮȻɣ̤澰Ⱥλߡ
Ԥߣ
Ԥ߳ˣϧҾȻ赲⣬ԤԵʸûУ
౻赲ΧȺƣ޲ܹȥεһչĻ⣬κεϢܲҲֻ۾ڷһС
Ԥ建Ľ䣬ڴ֮ǰϴ˿˿֮⣬ƽĿˣûܹܵϢǿߣڵܹȵġ
ʱַעı飬ֻΪʿ΢΢𣬶Ԥ߲ͣĿţƺҪƾԼľ齫Ԥ߿͸
棬˵ĿҲԤߣĿ͸˿˿âԤߣԤǵˣ
˭˵Цɨһۣ˵ǡ
һӰ̤Ͼ֮⣬ԤߣˣΨ
ħڼ츳޵ڰ˻ģĿˣѱҰʮ㣬
ʵѪעĲ̫°ĿһУܹ䣬λԶҲҪֹλʡԤߵ˵Ƶᣬ仰еħ
ħųҰ֮ɫֻλʺλʣԤԣ׼𣿡
һλԤ֮ˣԤߣħĸؽ˻ģΪҫ۵һǳǰ޹ˣҪ֤ۡ
Ԥ߲δ⣬ֻЦ£֮˶ԼҲţͷҪ࣬внѪȼߵޣ粻ˡ롢ƽ׼׼Ϊ׼׼Ϊ׼ˣ
ҽسۣŽ񣡡ħ˵漴˵һԣ񣬵Ҳ֪ǰվŵжֲԲȥ
ϣˣֻԤܴﵽĳɾͣǰǣܻšԤߵЦȻһ㣬Ԥ߲ܹ֪ʱʱǱ㲻Ԥˣ֪
һλԤߵ˵ڶվˣħ֮
ļޣλʣ
ǣ׵ţвޣֻλ
һλվçţɽçţԤߵԤһޣλʡ
Գվ˳Ԥ߿һۣЦλʣȻдΪλʣ
͡͡һֲķâԳɣԳƾʲôȣԤ߸Ԥԣ˿͡
޳Ҳ츳Ҳ츳ƣǿעͬҲעǵļģΨı䣬ƿǼԤ߶Գɵ˵Գ׵ĵ˵ͷү͸߹ޣǿޣעĶˣ粽ѽǸıҡ
һԤƽ糣
ҡ뽿ֳ˳Ԥߡ
ɻ
䣡뽿Ʊ׻У˲佩סԤֻĸ֣ɻԤԡ
ԣǰ˻ľĴŮҵǧעΪԤ߸ֻĸпۣɻ
Ϊʲô뽿ɫѿʵ
Ĺ⻷Ǳ˸ģļ塢ֳܵһҲΪһֱӻֻӵһգӴ֮⣬ûʲôܹóģ͵־йĴ۲еʢˣԣɻǣ㳹׸ͷ棬һ˿
Ԥߵͬˮ뽿ϣͷβɫ԰ףеһУǱ˸ģԼʲôûУ
Ϊʵģʱʥǰһִֻ뽿ļͷȰοһ
뽿΢΢ͷԼȴԤһ仰Ĵˣʲôû
ʥԤߣأ
λʣҲлΪλʣСԤߵ˵ʥоλʣλ
ô˵츳ԳɣᳬԽ
˴˿нţɫƽʵ˶˫ֽգԤߵһ仰ܾǵҲҲı˻ľδĸղŵԤԣԳܳɾλʣʥȴֻλʡ
ʥ˫ֽգ죬͸һĨ֮⣬ĳɾͣԶֻλ
ǰأʱվ˳Ԥ΢΢ǷԵøĿ
һλʣλʡԤƽ
徹Ȼ͸һ뽿ĿһۣһֱΪ޿ɱģϲߵ壬ȻһгɾʵĻᡣ
Ҳ԰ɡԴ˳ټƤͺڣǸ˼Ȥ֮⣬ƻڶԱٵ鹢ڻ
ʮлɻʣλʣһƻɳλʣ
ʮڣȺɫһԤ߸踶ԤԣȻ˸ߣԽˣҲֻڰ֮ڵģŻ˵
ٺ٣һƻҲΪʵģǰܲܲҪ˵ޣҹƵģһŶʮڳɻأΪ˼Ц£˷˷ۣ쵰ΪֹõԤˣʣԽ˶ԽԤԣһޡ
޲׼ȷֻ˵ʮڣʮڣҲʮꡢʮꡢҲʮҲ˵ҪǽļȻô˵֮ұ㲻˵ˣӰǡԤЦ£漴˺һԣԤԣǱȽġ
ʱǰԤߣЦŵǰΪҵĳɾأ
ɻû⣬㽫Ĺ£ֹλʡԤƽĵȻԿǴӴ˷
ɫһĹȷǿȱһ̶ȣ޷ٽ
ֻǽ顣Ԥ߸˸룬Ц˵Ҳˣֻλô
ʱȺһǳţֻܿȺıƲܷʲôֱĳ嶯Ǻ֪Ԥ߶ˣԤԡ
ͬʱЩδԤԵ˸ˣԤ֮˲֪£ΪҲ֪жǿ޾˵ĻȻзģ֮ԤԵҲõ֤
ҲԤߵһ仰ǽˣ˭ܹţ


1195 ʣ
͡ڴ˿̣һɫС˸ϣûȥֵɽɫ֮Ƽ漴ʻ֮ڻ
֮ڵõ֮ˣȺɫһڣǵһλõ֮İɣ
ҲѹˣԤ߶ԸڵԤԣ൱֮ԤԣҪһޣʮڽɻʣңҪԽʥԤԣɼ⸶ڼڲʮнܳģȴ˵֮Ȼ
Ѿλ߳Ҳ½Ų̤
߳Ԥ߸ԤǣҪ߳Լ·ɻû⣬ҪԽλҪ䡣
Ԥ߹ˡ
߳ģл˾
ʣλ֮ʣɳλʣԤߺЦ˵£һ֧ʸƿգ˾ϣڶ֧֮ˡ
˾ÿɷɫƽеĲȴ͸¶ԤߵԤǷǳںġ
ַĿ⳯˾һۣʣһʵǿߡ
֮󣬻칬已߳ԤɸԤԣλ֮ʣҪλʣҪǿ
已õһ֧֮ǵ֧֮
ʮѾԤλʼ̤
ɱ֤־ͣλ֮ʣлλʡ
ˣԤ߻䣬֧֮ƿգȻ׼ãΪ衣
Ҳɱ֤𣡡˿̣һĮɫɱ˵졣
ɱ֮ǻʣһңز۵Ļᣬӵλ֮ʣĪִ̫𣬷󡣡ԤȰһԲˣһ仰ȰܲȥҪԼ
ûж˵ʲôȻǲģͬΪʮ˵һȵ衣
СŮǰƣ˳˿ЦݲȻ֮⣬Ƿǳ͸ЦݣԵúܸɾ˿ŷǳ
ʺܺãҲͣȻ֮ȴѣ֮˭쳾Уѡ񣬾ˣԤ߿ڵû˵ľʣȴ΢΢Ԥ̫ǿˣÿһˣƶ͸
ʮѾԤоλʱ뽿ɫ԰ףĸ磬ʮô˵ԤԣƺʥҪá
ʱʥɫҲǳÿţʮ֮Уں棬бԳɵȺ֮˳Խơ
ʮֻʣ¿ڤûгˣ֪õʲôԣЩߣӵʵļλţ֪ΣȺĿ⻷ӣڤƺûվ˼ڣȽ̤˳
ǰͽ̣͸һĨǿ֮Ϣڳǿ
ĸ꣬Ĳᣬ壬ǲı䣬ֹλʡԤƽڵĶУʱ첻ϣڽ˫ȭ漴˻صλá
ѩͷ漸ͬʱ߳˻һۣĴеλõʲôԤԣ
֮Զŷ壬㡭صʶˣİ˻ľһǿʢ̫ˣҲδʮ󣬰˻ľ㽫һʢԶĽʵǻǳֲˡ
Ԥ߿ѩͷ棬ֿһ۷ķ飬¶Ц⣺ŮױŮˣǵû⣬ǵˣ¾;֮һϣСһﲻú
ԤָСһǷ飬Ŀųâ飬ѵҲʲôǿʲɣ
ѩȻͲ죬ֻǵõһɹ£磬ǿ֮ӵȷԶŮӣ˶׷ӵִţŮӳΪ
飡˿۵Ů£Ҳ֮ҲųʣԤ߲˵Ļ
Ԥ߼Ԥԣڣֻʣ²ļˣɻûгһ֮ʵġ
̫ˣ޾İ˻ľû˵дǿߣֹľҲ֤ȥˣ֪١
ٺ٣󺦳治֪ʲôʡʸ̤˳Եѣʵȭͷ΢΢ս֤ţҲںġ
ȥɣ壬ҪıǿŴӵģԤߵЦ£ȺɫһڳȺУʸһλˣǣʣ
ַĿųһķâ漴Ц£ǳˣ󺦳棬ȻҲһصǿʣʣӦòɡ
ţԤߵĿ˾Īϧ޵ϣδֱ̤ӿСڵ˵޸ƣ̤֮λ
СЦ£û̫⣬ǽĿ⿴˾Īϧ֪Īϧ϶õһܺõԤԣ˻ľֹʣүүȴѡ˾Īϧ
ԤߵĿھĪϧϵʱ¶һĨЦݡ
ʼ٣㣬ǺĲڤ壬λӦû⣬Ժǵ߳˻ľȥ۾ԤЦԵɫһͣڤ壡
ѹ֣ѹֲ칬˲֪ϻѡѪǲڤ壬ĪϧǵһλԤԿܳλˣʮ˱ȡǱȻ֮ˡ
˴֮Ǻļʱ䣬˻ľһʷܾͽҪдˡ
ڳȺв˱ԤߵĿֱӹˣҲ֪֮ûվԤԤԣҲֻȡ衣
мûվԤĿͶȥһΣԤߵĿ˿ڤϣʮһλ֪õʲôԤԡ
ǰұܡڤһСɫһܣ
µĿڤϣкܣ
áԤЦ£˻ľݲ㣡
˵һһĿֱڿڤеϣ˻ľݲ£ôǿ
ѵڤҲ;Īϧһӵʲôµʣ
ڤڤ˶ûԤϵǿʣھĪϧͿڤϣǳ⡣
ȻڤҪܣԤԲ˵ʲôĿַֿ㡣
ǰܣ
ַ˵¶ȤɫҪܣ
ԤԼɫЩŹЦˣҪΪܣΪ㱣ܣ
ұܣַˣѵԼʮ壿ʲôֵñܵĵطָıܣȻѩݡ
ðɣһԤЦ£飺㸶жԣδȫˣ츳ûκ⡣
ѵһȺĿ⿴飬вƽĲ
㡭ԤĿ⿴ַ֮ʱ˶٣Ц˸߹㣬ʲô𣿡
ַһ㶣Լвʣ
Լ֪ԤЦ£ãȻ˵ܣ㱣ܰɣֻǣԸҵ𣿡
䣡ȺԺкһһƬңӣԤߣȻҪͽֹ
ַ㣬ʲôʵ


1196 ֮ǽ
Ԥ߶ַ˵ʲôռ赲ȺУɫţ˿ԤߵĿַϣӦԤַ㣬ң˿˵ķӦƺܴ
ᱻԤǸɡԯɫԵзâˡ
пܡĿⶢַ㣬΢΢ͷڰοԼ
ʱȺôܷӦԤԵļˣһһ𺳣ʵǳĻʸȻʣȻĪϧ£ڤ壬ɳ۾úûţձȡʮ֮һ
ǿڤУԤ߻δԤԣԤ߱ܣԤߵɫڤʣ˿ȲڤľĪϧѵǷЩǿŷʣĻǳˡ
ڤַ֮㣬Ԥ߱ܣԤߵ˼ӷǳַ㣬Ԥ߸ҪΪӣܹͷ𺳡
ԤԵļˣƺбǰ֮˸µʡ
ȼ𣿡ַЦԤ߿ǸµһƹϵԲл
ԡԤЦ£漴һַüһӡǣЦŵԺǵʥݣң˵ĻЧ
ַɫһȺûбԤԵϽԼ޵һۣǸʱѾڣһɿֲ񣬴ϹŵڣĻ𣿶Ҳ֮ǵ
Ⱥ¶ŹֵɫԤߣַ׳֦ԭԤߣʥݵǿߣǴڵģǻһʲôط
ַ㣬Ϊʲô
һ̣˵Ŀȫַϣ¶˿ֲɱڡˡ
Ҫַɳ֮ǰĨɱǴ˿е뷨ǿʡٿֲ츳δɳֱĨʲôˣһˣûδ
ϲֹˡַǳЦǹϲΪԤߵļӡ
ַЦŻӦ£˿ԼЩˣԼʲôʣʮ
ĳɾͻΣʱһոĵʿʵʿԱߵĸ̳鴤£쵰
ȺҲʿһۣʿǶûʲôӡ󣬺ܵ͵ļһû취ӡ̵˼Ĩˣ֮⣬ֻиڶӡˣⱲˡ
ʿʻǵǷǳȤַ㣬ĳɾͻΣ
ΨԼܹԼˣҲλʡҲλʣҲǵۡҲԤḧ룬Ц£ƽĻȴȺ͵һԼˡԤߣһԡ
仰ζʲô
Ƭ嫵Ŀռ䣬ͻȻ侲ÿ£ҲǻʣҲǵۣˣԼˣַ㣬һӵʲôµʣ;ĪϧԼڤһԤߴӦ˱ܣַԼ֪
ٺ٣ãȼ󺦳Ц˰ǵĪϧַ㣬õ˷ǳԤԣȼһѪǷܹԾ֮ʣ̤˻֮أƷģϧǿڣģ
ˡԤߵĿ˵ʿϣֻʿҪԤ
ΪҲܴԤַָ㣬Ц棬˫΢ЦĿ⣬ҪһС
ɫ㶣漴еһƨԤԣⱲҪ쵰Сˣ
㲻ƭҰɣһԤߡ
ȥġԤЦ淭˷ۣαӶˣƣң뱾һӢҪΪǻ쵰Сӻˡ
ַĿ˸ҲλʣҲλʣҲǵۡ˫ȭַĿ͸һĨޱȵԤ߶˵Լôôȥ׷Ѱ̤½
ˣԤԣʡԡ츳־ǽı䣬̥ǣ޾ĥѣǿߵʬǰУҲԸǿѡ䣬ҸǵԤԣԶ
͡͡һɫļʸƿնһ̣Ⱥ֧ɫ֮һһʸڻʸϡһʸھĪϧϣʸһ˿ڤϡ
λߣ˰֧ʸʣһλߣʸû
ַĿȻλûʸϣû֮ܿζпߣ
Ȼ˿̶Էɫƽûа㲨͸
ֱ֧֮ˣɽڡ칬已л˾ռ˾ʼ衢ʸĪϧ֧ڿڤϣַ㣬ûеõʸ
־棬Ϊɻַ㱻ԤԤԼȴûеõ֮ڤΪԤ߱ܣõ֧֮
Լ̸ף˻ľűЩ˵Լƿزˣزۡʱ˵ǵ֮ΪûַԭԤҪַΪӣ˵ַпµʣַ㽫ٵĽѣҲǿֲģʹ˿վȺ±һЩ˲Źַ㣬Ҫ̤ʬǰУ֤ԼַʬǣԼĵ
ַ㣬ܲܳɻʣһδ֪
ַӦԤ߳ΪĵӣҲֻı䣬֮ϣֻҪһδûаڣôµĿڤУͬӵпµʣ˿ɻʵϣַˣ֧֮ѡ˿ڤС
棬ȺһĻдһ²⣬֮ͿԿһǿڤǴӮңµСУȻˣĪϧԼʸΪ⣬ʣµļλʮе
ڴʱԯᰣɫ¶һĨõЦݡ
ǼһȻǷʣ˳ԾЦ˵ԤַԻʱȺ¶Ծɫûеõ֮ԣǷš
ߣԯһ͸ɱ֮
ԤߵĿ˾λߵϣЦŵǣԼ֮ˣ㲻ҪԤˣ
˴֮ǣԵرˣǣֻһþв̫ƽϣ֮ģɶҡԤӰƮ嫵֮ǣķţȺֻо彥û֮ǣսһա
ȥɣһƮܿ죬˶֣Ѿ֮ǣص̤֮ڵĵطһУһգһλá
ȻԤ൱ұ̤ǵʬ֤ħسۣŽ񡣡
Ĵų֮һĻóǣһɻƽӰХգ޾֮⣬
һǳأ֮ǵıԵ֮أʥ뽿֣ʥɫѿ˵Ԥǣұն֤֮֮ɾҡ
֮ˣ͵֮ģ޿ɶҡ
ַ㣬׼ɡԯ̤֮ǺԵ䣬Ҫɱַ㡣
ַ㣬ʲôʣʲôɾͣն㣬һʶ֮ϣǿ׵磬Ҫնַ֤ԤԤԵĿΪԼ·
ַ㣬һɳ֮ǰն㣬̨֡Ӵ͸ա
ͬ˲²Ԥ֮նַˣܶ࣡


1197 Ľ
ʱվ֮ϣ֮У˿˿Цݡ
ҪˡǳЦ˵ԤߵЩԤԣҲд˻ľʷôǿʳ֣ǿԵʱ١
塢֮塢Զŷ塢ʡʡʡڤ壬ߡɱɱ¾ߣзʡʡڤеʣԼַʣЩɶʾţ˻ľʢ
ȻνʢʵҲѪȷʱЩԤԲ˵Ȼưոݣ˵Ѫ̳Լĵ̤ˣ֤Լ츳κˡ
ǵõԤַ㡢ĪϧǣԺǲƽˡ
ַ㣬һ˾Ȼǰû˵˶û뵽ɣǳǳһЦ漴˸ʧԭء
ʱַҲ֮棬֮ǵĽ֮أһ嫵йǰ
֮Ʈǳغָֻ˼žûһγ֣֪ʲôʱˡ
顢ʸ˶ַߣʱǵʿĺߣƺǳƣడ
С쵰ԺɵСĵˣҪˣ²١ַѵЩǺ֮ˣַΪ֣ǺܻܿҪ̵ַǳɻʵ·ǱԤߵ͹ˣҪ֤Լ
šַΪȻĵ˵ͷԤԵʱܵ˺üɱвˣҪնõԤԣԼʲôǿʣɻʵ·ɲ̫ƽ̹ҪԼһȥߡ
ʱкüӰ̤ǼޣȻǰ˻ľĴ˵λѩǶǺַһӽ̤еģÿַߣˡ
ַ㣬û뵽ʣпǿġַ΢΢ͷ
ҲһԤǰ˵ֻҪܹ֮һ֣츳⣬ϣгһտַ֤ЦŻӦ
ȻһΪʵġ͸˸Դַͷַ㿴ŷЦ£Ԥߵ˼СѾͷܿҲӵʲôء
ԤԤԵܹɾͿֲڣϣҪΪСѩɫӣںַЩĦַ֪õԤԣ֪᲻ַ֣УȻǲϣġ
ǲΪң㿴ѩӵķϣҲΡַ㺬Ц˵һвѡ
ѩͷᾡ
ҺڴԺײַ㣬ȻԤ߸ۺܸߣлᣬһǻսϴϴʧ֮ܣҲġѩƮȻ˵漴תնȥ
ʱ㡣ַ㿴ѩӰ૵һ
ҲҪܷɽˣ˴֮ǽ˶õһЩôչһʱգ´ְ˻ģ¶ӵиµսַ㣬ҲҪץˡ
ѵ¶һ˿ˬʵЦݣ漴ŷһ뿪欵Զ˶λŮӰ
ͬʱԶ۷׷ףܶػ֮⣬Ƕڲ²⣬֮УЩ˳Ϊ˴ӮңԤߣʲôԤԣ
Ȼ˵ʱԤԵЩ⣬û֪ܶ˱ԣЩŲڣǸòϢļ٣֪ԤԵĽ
ѩӺŮˣ֮Զŷ壬ǿ϶õԤ԰ɣ뿪֮ǰΪַ㣿ǵȻǶϵַģѩյĴս˵Ŀ⡣
ѵַҲԤߣ
ַ㣡
ַ㣬ڳˣ
ʱӰ̤ȻԼɰԶˣǿַ˸Цַ㣬ôԤߣԤԵģ
ɰΪƣ֮ǿߺܶ࣬õ˲ٺôҲкüǿҵΣ㱻˻ɱṳ̂򣬱赲סˣ棬ַ㾹ȻԤߣ𾪣ѯʡ
Ԥ˵һΪַۡ㺬Ц˵ɰԷ˷ۣȻǲַĻ̸ۣףܹԤԳΪʣǷǳˣܱԤԳΪλʣǸ˵ãۣǲȥ
ַ㣬ԤԤ޷ɻʣҲܻģ֮ˣңȫһ֮ԡ찲οַ㣬ַܹ̤򣬼ԤѾǳˣ޷ԤԳɻʣҲܳΪһǿߡ
ԣַ㣬Һ켴ṳ̂ҲûлģԤԽΣٱɰԴַһȭЦŵңΪˣΪһǿߣҲڰ˻ľٳԼһƬգһˡ
ףַ˵ļЦŵ˵ǶŰɡ
ɰԿַ㲢ûлĵ˼ҲЦ漴ַ׼̨չˣһȥ𣿡
ȻذɣһЩҪַҡҡͷ
ǺãһɰԸǣȥַľܲҲûѯԤ֮£֪ġ
ַĿ뿪漴Ŀ⿴ʸʵ󺦳棬̨𣿡
ˣԤ߲˵Ҫȥˣ׼Ĵʸҡͷ
ַͷҲãֵܣһ𣬶Լĵ·Ҫߣȵгһֵ֮ܶʱʱɼ
׼ʲôʱߣ
ھߣַ㣬ҪúõĳɳĪϧһվڰ˻ƶˣƬأǻҪҵĺͷʸ˵˺ݺݵ໥һȭ漴󺦳Ҳ뿪ˣӰģȥ׷ѰԼǿ֮·
һġַ㿴Ŵ󺦳ʧӰĿ͡
С쵰ҲҪ뿪Ѱһ֮رչһʱգʱ㡣Ƶ˵ⱲҪַˡ
Ҳһ𡣡ֶŶ޵˵
ϲģͻƲҪ̫ݡַһȴֻһӸһȥȥѰһԴȪ֮أ˴ͻƣҪǿĻأҲĻɽȽʺϣʲôƨʣȻԳ׻ʣⲻǸ
Ҫȥַʵ
ȥһˡַ飬漴˸Žķȥ
ڴʱһ˱ַȻص˽󣬽ޱ֮ǳֱȥʣҪ̼峤
õ֮ǿϢ֮ҲΪڴܿ죬ǵȵ˽ޱ
ޱΣһλŶŽޱʵ
Ԥ߶ҵԤԣλʵʣңҪı֮ޱڵԤ߶Ԥԣۿַ˿кܶʣҪоԼߴ˵Ҫ䡣
أٴʵе˭ָ˭ʱЩ߸ļƺַõԤԣȽޱҪںýޱһĨıȻֻ֮
ԤΪӣ޷ԤԣںԼޱǻӦʱЩзâ˸죬Ȼϣˣ޷ԤԣںԼΪ֮
áá߼˵ûдӦ
˵ݼԺۡ
֮Ը޷죬ԤΣûԤߣһΪǿߣ³âǳ⣡


1198 ֮·
ַ֮ʱֽѾ֮ſغھ޽ңƺڴ˵صȴַ㽵١
һĻַɫȴȻƽǰ̤ȥ鿴һĻȻ£ַ潣ǿһ֣Ϊ𾪣ֿ֮񹧹ĶԴַ㣬˿˿֮⡣
ͬʱǿ߿ʱҲ£֮˸Ů˻
ʱΪ׵λ߶ַ㹪˶ʱס棬΢΢ĺһ
ַƽĵͷ͸һĨ⣬ֱȥ
ǣǽǿߵ˾䡣
ַĿһһ貵Ĺâһһ⣬ǽǿɱȥ׵ռ֮ͬʱţֲޱȡ
䣡Ժкݺݵһɫޱȣ͵ֽ̧סȴȥˡ
潣潣һ¶ȵɫ潣ַϳˣǷ·𿴵콣֮ʱݺ£ô˵յ̬
˵Ӵ֮Ϊַ㣬Լҵ£׼ٹʰ䣡ַ޾֮֮Ŷ߶Բǿ󣬵ȴͷ
ūԺԲҹ䡣˵Դڵϣ˿ַΪУ˿ֲĽӼţҪַиˣﻹаǽȴһ죬Ѿ˼ǧ꣡
ַһһع飬漴̤Įĵһؽڣһˣ˶ţ⣬Ӵ֮󣬽ڣܱ߲Ҫš
˵գַӰѾ̤뽣֮Уʧ˿̵ڽԣ飬ֻܺúõĹš
ޱλڽǿߵĺ棬ַʧıӰ΢΢ҧҧʱ־˽󣬳ΪϽޣַ˿̵ҫõҫһУƺַ뽣ڣı䣬ǽˣڸı䣬Ǻáǻ
ַȻô࣬ȻҪΪūôū۽֮ˣҲӦΪūȴʹ
˭ū
ַ龶ֱ˽ڣ嫵ĹĻϢɻڽУƺˣɨڵϣԼɨϣпŽڣǽڣмȻ֮⾳
ǰַ˿Բиղŵư¶һĨƽ͵΢ЦɨˣǷǳصġ
ˣɢ˵漴ֳŵأƺЩѣַǰ˷ȴϵĻҳЦŵԽԽˣˣ֪Ҫǽڣˣ
˵ſͬһλĺĲ̬߰㣬ʱܹڳ
ֿ˿Ŀĵǣ˵ģһ˿ѪǸղſԳġ
һĻַɫ΢΢һĿ¶ɫˣ
ˣαװģ
ǰַһֱΪαװģǴ˿ۼ߿ԳѪȻֻһƣʵĴȶԣƣܺˣ
û£ܶˣһֱģ˵ǿúѣһЦŽڣȥ
ַߵ󣬵ȵ˽ڣڣԶرգַҲˣǰ
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ӣַӦһ
ȢѩΪӣи֮ˡ˵ȴַɫһ˶һۡ
ֻһۣͿѩ磡
ǰơַӼᶨԼĲ²⣬ܹһۿݵˣʵӹɣôǺεȿֲƣԳ̬ڽڣС
˵˲Ѿܶˡҡͷ
ǰ㿴ûáַһгһϾı֮һۣǿҵϢ
ۣ˵һ漴Ц֮ǵõİɣҶԻǲЩѵģԼŰɣ
һЩַЦϵƵȷֲ̫
ҿ֮ǵЩĽģ
šַ΢΢ͷ΢ٶȳ֣׵ռ²ݣƻ˰㣬ߵ¶һĨ֮ɫ漴˵ͷáһܹ֮֮һף˲ٿͷɡ
ԣѾûκˣ
û⣬֮ǣҵˡַ㽫ٻأ磬֮Ļᣬڶ̶ʱ˿ֲͻơ
ܻлģﻹһ콣ĵľ飬Ȥ𣿡˶ַ΢Ц˵
ַɫһȻܾܾ
ǽǰľ飬ҵȻԸַش
ãҴ㡣˵ü֮һĨâ˸ֱӡַüĵУ̼䣬ַԺֶЩļ䡣
ĸԺжļ䣬ַ貵ĽâķҪƿռ䡣
ϴģֹˮ޽ңһ֣޷죡ַ̾һǰ콾
ʲô𣿡˶ַʵ
ǰ쳾ģֹˮңҪһУȻһ֣ӴΨ޷죬ƣˣַ޷֮⣬ģģڽ壬أ
Ҫͨ𣿡ʵ
ãַҡͷĿ͸һĨ֮ɫǰ֮ģԼĽûнǰڽ֮ϵľʣȻ޷ҵĽȴҲǰ֮·ҵĽͨ
ַ˵գкâ֣ŵѱ޽ģԼĽ
΢Цŵ˵ͷ콣ʣӲȱʮģԼĽǰ޹֮·


1199 ʱʱټ
󡢽ڣ
ʱΨַڣɨ棬գ֪Щʲô
ַʱһ貵Ŀռ䳤ۣҫˣֲĿռ֮ʹַ嶼֣ʱʧյС
ɲǿռ䳤ַۣѾڽڣ죬һֱռʥѾƿؿռ壬ֿռʥʱӵϣΪԵֻһ˿ַѾˡ
һַӰʧôƾʧ漴ֳ֣ɲǳۣɲǿռ䣬ܹյУֻ˲Ϣ֮⣬ɲǳۣռŲƣȫɲǿռ䳤˲֮ƾŲƵ֪Զӵв˼Ŀռͨ
֮⣬ռ䳤ۣռʱ޿̲ڸܿռİ塣
һַȡۣӵпֲӡǣܹ֮ᣬʵΪ֮֮˶ԣӵпֲЧ
һ֮ˣֻҪۣܹƻָϧ޷ָϵơ
ţַĿ⿴飬ǵ˵ϴθ㱻ܾˡ
Ϻʲô𣡡ֻ͵ЦţЦַɫʵ޷ֻ̬ܿЦŽ
Ǹ뿪ˣַ˵漴һȥߡ
ȥɣ˱Ŀ񣬻δַ㿪ڱƽ˵һ
ַû˵ʲô˼漴΢΢һŽ˸ȥ
ڣΧһλԪغڴˣַһ
׼һߣҪһԶţַ˵һԪ󹧾ĻӦԵȣȥȡ
ڽ㣡ַûͣǺһ߳˽󣬹һʱмλԪһһַǰֻһλһʱǽ󣬻һֲľ޽ɰˣһֱ¶ܽһƬն
ֱʣַͷĨһ仰ݣֱһ˴ľ޽
޽ױǳÿƣٶûκ⣡
šַ˵ͷԾ޽ָ漴УȻַ׾͸оԼ޽ϵ
ȥɣԻͨӡϵǣҡַ㵭˵漴һ̤˾޽Ԫֽڵ·ȫ̼佣ƶϣ˲û֮УֲٶȳԽսǴٶ֮
ÿֲٶȣַ龪̾һǿֲ紵ϣͬ⽣󣬵湻ģ

̨֮ϣ½ֶͨηأһİʮһλͽ඼ǴĵӣҲдߣ֮ǽ֮󣬱ϻ̨
ͬʱʱ˻ľˣڴ֮̽ǵĽȻȺȴֻ֪Щ˼Ԥߡļ˵õ֮Ԥ߶ЩʲôԤԣȻ겻͸ûκεϢȻûпڡ
ЩԤߵˣԼԤߵ͹ˣвʣȥ͸¶Ԥ߸߿ˣǵ־Բȥҫǣһˣһε֮ǽ֮ԵøĹ죬ֻƾȥ󡢲²⡣
ڤп϶õԤߵĸ߿Ϊʱõ֧֮Īϧͻʸ⣬ʮеȴõ֮ӦҲӵʣڰ˻ľĴˣȻûһλõʸģ˴۾
Щ˻ľԵøƽЩĵ¶лĴųǷأҪһαչʱ䣬ԼʵΪһεٴʱ򣬿±Եʱʱǿ˭ʶ˻ġ
̨֮ϣֲĽХ̧֮ͷֻ֮Уһֲ޽·ġ
ַ㣬ǼһҲˣַǼԤߣյһ㿴ַҲɵЦŶߵλʦֵܵ
ٺ٣̨һͽ֪ûеõԤߵԤԡˬʵЦ漴޽䣬ַ
ɲǣ˶˴һʧ񣬺Ůˣͬһַ
ַ֣˵˵Ԥ˵ЩʲôɣǿɶǺĺܡ֮ǵʱв˱棬˵ЩʲôǺ棬˿ַֻ̿һ
̤ˣֻҪ֤ΪʣԤߵԤԣַЦŻӦһɫһôݣ֤Ϊʣ
ôֲ˵ʵ
ţʣ֮塢Զŷ塢ʡ塢ڤ壬кЩԤ߱ܵʶˡַ˵ͷ鴤ÿֲڤ嶼ˣ˻ľҪˡ
أַ㣬õʲôԤԣЦʵ̨ƺҪˡ
ңԤ˵ҷ޶˶д֮ʡַЦԵ⻰ֻƲƲ죬Цһܴ
˻ľûгֹǿˣϵĴڣǷ޶ˡַ㣬õҲ͵ɣ
ȺһЦŵ٩Ȼַ㡣
ַʼ磬滰ţҲû취̨գΪο
ȻڴʱͻȻΪԶһȵӰһʱձΪ졣
ģַ㿴ˣȻġ
ҶǰĺȻҲϴˡ
ҲҶĺһ΢΢ҡͷҽģַ𣬺
ΪʲôֻϤĸоĴʱĸң֮бѾַ飬ĵһۣϤУȻҲһֱС
ҶЩʧ񣬵ȷʲͬǣΪλһģһ
ַ㣡΢΢һЦߵַߣַ˵ʲôȴЦģҪؼȥˣ
Ҫߣַͷ΢΢һ
ţһȥĵ˵ͷЦš
ַĬһʱ֪˵Щʲô
ˣӣܰ䣡ֵ漴תȥ
ģַ̇Ų׷ȥʵʲôʱټ
ĻعͷȻһЦѵĵʱʱټ
˵գٻַ͸֮ȥַ˻֣Ȼ˿ǲõЦϣȴƺеεۣ
ʱʱټ
ַȴߵߣ˲֣ԹĿһۣ˱Ůˣ
ַЦѵȥӦʱ䶼ûС
ʱȥɣͷ˵ַС֣ĸĵ¶ȣ


1200 
ָֻ̨ܿƽΪֻһͽԵʣټ̨ԵЩ壬˶˱չأЩ֮ǵõһЩôˣ˻þԴߵľ硣
λ̨ʦҲδ֮ǵ£˵ʦֲȥ棬һУҪԼȥգȥȡЩ״ԼͽҲԼ£ҲҪϱǿ
һ죬˾ַڵĹдĺۼǳʣ׼չһʱ䣬úóһߵľ硣
ַ㣬һһϮۣ̤һ޽̨߳һ·򱱡׷ȱĽŲѰҵģȴԼĽַĽ
һ죬˻ľͻȻú֮֮ܰ󣬺ƶϢ˰㣬ܰûκεһ֮ԤߵԤԣûдҲֻЩЩĳ֮ˣ֪ǣȻᵽȥҫʲô
ʮ֮˿ľһ޴ɽ壬ȼ棬ɽȼ죬һУǡ
˵һǿɽĶһʶĿĽبյУȡ̫֮𣬶̫֮꣬⣬ϣӡ̫ͼΪⳡ档
һº󣬱ľķ籩ۣ֮˿һʮҵϥܹͽ߶˺ѵķ籩轣һһܻ·ΪĶȻÿһȴ·籩֮е쫷ںϣĹ켣
ȻȺ֮籩֮۵ʱȴѲڣֻ޾ĿŰ˻˻ŭޱȿֲ˲ҿͨ߶̤㣬һߣѾˣܹС
º󣬿ĺ֮صһʬ֮أаǿң̤ߡ
̫ʬ壬ʬ֮أңܵĺʴ޷ˣڴˡ
ʱһӰ·˵أʬ֮ؿһۣһ̣ʱͷݺݵһӰ·𸴻˹ʱֺȻء
¡һһصǿߣһĻʱ̲סһڿˮоڸɫ΢Щ԰ף鸴
δ𡢵δ𡭡ŲĴֻһӰͷΪɢңȴǳĸɾֻжʮҵ꣬Ĵ˳
ƸܵĴڣĿ⳯ƳһۣһۣûаĲˮƽȴ΢΢¡
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һĿֲţͷ΢漴ʬ֮أĿ˲ֱɫ԰ס
ʬ䡭³֣漴˸ٵ뿪ߣʲôµ㡣
ԲķӦһ·УĺϢϣȴûͬηЫſڣ˿ƺڴĵϢ
ڣԶڵĻĺӳڻĺıԵɢļҴȴûЩר˵ĽΰƺֻǸãڻĺٱǳѵòŻðһΡ
ʱϿգкХ֮ЩĺԵ̧ͷǿһӰֱӳŻĺ̤𺳵ǣǺȻķ֣̤ĺԶ漴ʼĺ¿׹䡣
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ܵʲôش죬߱˰ɣ֮Ӧ÷ǳͲǣΨ飬ˡԱһҡͷ̾Ϣ벻ףᣬǺοء
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ʱǺɫٲ嶼ԶֱһξƯģһ·𾲾ĸĬڻĺ֮С
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ɫ΢΢Ǻ죬ȴĬֻԣֲĻĺˣ֪沨ԶȥˣҲҲǧ
ʱ䣬Ĺȥתۼ䣬֮ǵĽѾаʱ⣬ʼǿ½չأ
ڱ֮أ¸עĿ֮һŮģڰ֮ǰƴʲôΪʼͻͽʱ䣬Ϊͻƣֱ۷壬ֱ֮һʱñҶһŮӼ
û֪ĵϣ׷ʲô顣
˵֮ǵõޱȴĻͻȻඥ֮飬Ϊǧ
Ҳ˵ıӵһֲֿʣ˿̣ſѣԣ
һ£ԯԯ죬һ·̨ս̨κǿߣϴˢ̨ĳ裬Ҫ̨֤ԼҲ򱱻֤ԯ츳̨ս
˵Ϊ̨һͽַ㲻ڣսԯ죬ԯֻһ仰ˣΪնַ㣡
̨ĸ߲㣬ȴԵú⣬ûκεĶ̨ȴǵĵȷȷÿ
һʱ䣬£ǣű˵ģ


1201 
תۼһʱȥϢѾڳ䣬һƣ֮У˸о𺳣Ⱥ׷׶룬ûмԤ̫ϧˣĻԤ߱ػ֪ʲôʣȿֲʣͻȻڱġ
Ϣϼ֮˻ľһʱ˲Ŀ
Դпֲ֮ˣҪϼƽı֮һʱ˵Ŀ⡣
ԯ죬츳Ҳȷʵƺ̨֮ڴ֮ǳİͻˣصľ磬ſԵַų򣬶̨֮вһս
ԯΪ̨ҶΣϾľֻ̨һ±ԯƣǿ߶Ըԯ죬ǴԼǲŽĶˡ
ǣͽˣܹԸԯ죬Ȼûһˣ̨˼ַ㣬伣ˣ಻Ӱ
˵ַܶսԯ콫նɱϾַȻΪ̨һͽΪСʵӦҲǿ󲻵ܹѾصԯ࿹⣡
ҲĲڼ̨Уԯһսʲô֣
Ȼֻ˵룬ϼ壬æʱǿ߰ݷá
һУַȫȻ֪ϾϵڻĺƯ˼֮ãٶϰȻĿĵţճ䣬ʱ֮䣬׵
żȻ䣬£ַȡڷ轣׵򽣣Ҳڻĺлӽ
һˡһ˼˻ġ
Уַ֪˻ľж嫣ڻĺƯ½ߣȥȴû߳ġ
ʱĽ֮أһϵСϵ˿ڲֻ࣬ǧ֮ڣ֮ʱСϵȺϵΨһһλ߽ǿʦɽ
ϵ̫ĳȺϣߺ֮˷ɽ£һƬ;
ʦʮңΪΪΪǿ󣬿ʮδӣָͨ似ֻսɣ֮ˣǳӣСֻ꣬ģʮ֮ˡ
壬ʦģ㲻ȥѧ𣿡
ʱһ۵ֻɽ֮£һɰС΢΢ͷ۵ɤʯ֮ϵ
Ǳ꿴䣬ƶʮʮͷڼͷԵЩޱ߷붼˳˫۾ȴԵø峺ˮƽľûκε
ǰСֽĻУúЦŵ屿ѧᣬСٳһ㣬ͿԸʦһˡ
ƭˣʦС˵Ȼûж֣ܺŶС뿪ĺ룬ĹĵĿꡣ
˵ж꿴Сɰģ
˵Ҳҿ϶ĲҲܱҪͰ̶ʦҪ
С𣿡
СһҡҡͷСҲţҪôΪʲôɽȻأǿԷȥģ
Сˡ
ʱһֻԶһβŮСŹŮʮ˾䣬˿û֮˵ĳ죬оǴ֮⣬ʱϲ仹ḡһĨߺ졣
ַ磬Сһ鷳ˡŮַϽСڴֱַ۵ʱиһĨĺΡ
ûϵϲСһǴ̨ʧ˰ʱַ㣬СѾһµʱ䣬С˶֪ôһڣϲɽʱɽһһ졢ϲҲϲɽµٲˮ
ΪַΪºͣСϵ˵ҲΪϲżϲЦǲǱİŮɽ֮ġ
ǰŮҶѩСѵõŮӡɾûб߻֮òַ㿴뽿֮Ǻÿ˲֪١
ңҶѩСϻǸţѾصΪˣ϶ܹ̤ģС˼׷Ҳܶࡣ
ַ硭ʱҶѩĿַ㣬ƺֹ¶һĨӵɫ
ôˣַЦʵ˫۾ô峺ɾƺݵһ㲻
ҶѩͳһСַǰЩĵַ磬Ժúһĺ𣡡
˵ţҶѩɫֺ۾գ£͸Ůĺ档
ַ㶣۾ҲҶѩһգ˼£漴Цŵáһ£
ŶҲ뿴ӡСƺԵø˷ܣЦ˵
СңȥٲַЦ£ӹҶѩС漴ɽµٲԣٲµˮ̶գɵ¶һĨõЦݣӻȥҲ鶼ϵԼ˰ɡ
ˣ֪ôˣѩ£𣬰˻ľʲôˣַ૵һ׿һУ쳾ģַúɣǳɣں嫵ıĿĵߣʱ򣬱ͣ˼һ󣬱ּ̧ŲߣĿģ쳾ġҲġ
Сϣַ㻺ĹԼĺ룬ͬʱԼҵĳʱһɾֵӰˮ̶֮УõЦ֮£Եǰĺг
ͷ˳漴ַˮϴϴվһɾİɫۣ漴ԶȺȥ
ҶѩСڿʦ̵ˣʱСعͷַ۾ͣգţǲʶ˰㡣
塭С۾ĿɰҶѩͬתַȥ
峿ĺ£һʮҵĿŸɾЦݣϣôͣУҶѩ죬漴Сַǰһ˫ˮд˾ȡ
⻹ǺݵҶ
Ҷѩʦߺһ漴Ҳַ㣬ɵ£ÿ꣡


1202 
תۼ䣬ǰʱţ֮ϼ崫Ϣģܿܽƿ䵽ıϣɹ侳磬Ŀ
ģ˵Ŀ⣬Ͷԭ̫ҫ۵ϼ壬˻ľĴĿҲ˱֮صҡ
ҡģоʣ񣬲Ÿոոգ⼸˵Ĺʶ򣬴أʱ䣬ߣҪϣֲ̫ˣţ˻ľʮҲˡ
֮Ϣģ񱤣ڣҲڳ֮ңؼϼƶˣеìͷָ֡
񱤣Ҫڣĵûб¶֮ǰ֣塢ʡ
ʱҶȻشܹǵҫΪǣ̨⣬ñȽأֻһЩ͸Ͼģ̨ͽ񱤣̨гԹ˽֪
ȻңλᣬɹˣǱ㽫ֻһ֮ңʵȴһ죬츳ڣԤԽɻʣгһճΪ񱤵ʣǶҶԣ޿ɱĻ
ͬʱľһ¸עĿǱԯ죬Ҳ׼ӭȢϼǧˣԯΪأƣնַַ̨ʧ٣˸̾һϷַ֪ʱӦսԯ졣

ڴˣַ֪ɻСУ峿ߺ֮ɽ³СӶȥСȺÿձĹΣʦָһÿ˵⣬ȻȥԼ
ʱҶѩҲȺУȴԵЩĲɣĿżٲ֮¿ȥ
ٲ£һ׳۵Ӱ΢΢ͷƽĿٲˮȻ
Сѩ͵ַءʦע⵽ҶѩĲɣЦ˵
ţСǿ塣Сڵϣ۵ڵ
Ҷѩ˵Ļʱɫ΢죬΢΢ͷ
СѩҪŮӣַĿСҲϲңַɲΪŶʦȤ˵
ʦЦҰɡҶѩʦһۣңַֻǸͨ˶ԣʲô˵ɲΪ㿴𣡡
ȥ棡С漴ŲַСܶȥȻֻһ㣬ٶȾһ㲻
СһϾͿˡʦСĿɰģЦŵ
СһﲻϵĳٲȥʦҶѩ
ݵϣСк壬һ߼СţȻʱСһͻȻ£С۾ôģֱС۾ע£˻֣ͶһָǷµٲȻм䱻նٲͣһ¡
ˣСһˤ˵ϣԴ漴ſǿǰ棬ʱٲѾָ糣
˫ֳŵأСһһȴֱתܻȥˣһֱţʦС̣ʦС̡
СôˣʦСһ˻С˵ģɵЩ֡
塭ͶһָͷȻȻٲͶˣСһﻹڲͣĴϢţȴͣ˵ţĿɰ
Ļʦɫȴ΢΢һĳٲ¿һۡ
СӶʲôҪ˵ҶѩǰСһԴΪ硣
С̣˵ġСһ˫ֳ䣬ĵҶѩ
˺ˣ˵ģҶѩСһ
ءڴʱԶͻأĺŽ֮˲ߵİʦ˵һĿ⳯ԶȥСˡ
ߣ
˷׷СķȥĺŽ֮ԽԽ
ٲ֮£ַعͷһۣںŽǵ֮ȥɵüͷ壬ôͻȻ䶼ˣ
Ҳ뿪ˡַСд˲ʱˣСеͣоǳ̹ٲˮճ䣬ģֹˮԽԽƽ
ʱС֮ϣΨһʯϵѣֲĺ¡촫ġ
ʦ˸ϵʱ򣬱㿴һȺ֮ϵӰ̤С򣬼̤ŵ棬ЩһޱϣӸ£Сϵľ
СѩСһ뿪ʦֻǿһˣпһҶѩһԼǰ̤ȥ֮ϵΪλſȪ򣬲֪кҪԸģ
˵ȪһȪʯʯͷȥù֮ϣ߰Ŀһ·ʦĿ˵
ĻʱȺĿһͣһŭĿӣȪʯȴϵıһֱܹΪȪʯôܽȥ
ʦӵʱ˻ֹ֣Ⱥ£Ȫʯ֮λſܹ
죡һޱȸ߰ĵҵĻ˵飬ҵڶοڣȥȪʯù
£񱤺ôΪ˰ɣʦڵĶܱߡ
ţüͷ壬漴ɫһСϵˣȻϳ񱤵ģ
СѩȥַʦתҶѩʹ˸񣬴˵
ȥʦҶѩҧҧ漴źˣɽŷ񱼶ȥ
Ư椣ܵõ𣡡һЦʦȻ֪񱤵ˣҲ
ڵĶܶʦĿĮŶԷ
ܺãһ⣬¶ϷʵɫղС椺ȥ˰ɣСѾص⣬ûһ߽䣬ȥ˭أ
ʦɫһɫ΢Щ԰ףЩ˿񱤵ͽΪͶأǰأַ㣬ܶԸ
ȻСȥˣұȻһɱˣ鷳ƽ˵˵ƵᣬȻ֪񱤵ˣܻˡ
ǡʦɫ˲԰ף̫ˣȺ
ȷ˫֣˵ʱЦĮĳʦȥ
ң˭񱤽Ҫʦǰף⵱ʦܵģʱҪʾһ£ǵȪʯ㲻
ʦСģΪҲأܹ񱤵սܿ죬ҽ֮죬ԶԶĴݶȺޱȷŭɱ졣
ȫվסʦŭХһþСȺסǵȴһޱȷߺޣĿѪŵϥڵϵʦһֱۣһ˿ţ̵۶ϣ
׼˺ʦСǰȥĿŭĶ۶ʦֱ۵ˡ
Сһȥʦŭһ
ҲʦҲ׼˺㣬С̽ȥˣĺģСߵʦߣŭĶǰӰСʶǳֲȻֱ˵Ҷѩȥ
ÿɰС֮ϵӸ£ǴһĨаЦ
ǷŹֻǺӣʦĿѪŭ
ĵ
ٺ٣۶ʦֱ۵Ц£ֳСһ˳ȥ
ڴʱͻȻɫڣ˫Դҽһ漴ȥ͸ź
һĻȺģ˵£ˣ


1203 ȥ
ˣ
ǵµӰռͻȻüžҪȥץСôͻȻˣ
ȥץΪ׵֮ϣ˵
ֻһĮɨȺĳСȥ
ˡͻȻ䣬ֱ͸ſҰ֮⣬͵ĳСɱȥȻڴʱһĨֲϢ˲Ϣ٣ֱûϣ漴ݺݵĳ鴤ɫҰף漴Ҳȥ
䣡һ̣Щ񱤵ǿһͷųϢĿ⻷ȺȺУһӰǳۣվǣƬռ䵱С
ղţûΪ׵ǿָָ꣬ɫ䣬ˣǸղųֵģƾոһ
ͬʱĽŲ˳ƽɫУȴ̺һĨη֮⡣
ʦַƽɫ֪ΪξͻȻ¶һĨοЦ⡣
ͬʱԶһӰٵıȥַҶѩ˿˵ţַٶȣֲ̫ˣϡ
ʦҶѩʦĲأжʱһʹ
û¡ʦЦ£Ŀַϣһеϣַˡ
ֻʱַ㻺ǰСһﱧ
壬ǻˣСһۣȴѾзŭ֮С
ַ֪СһԴ
˭Ϊ׵֮£ַ俪ڵ
ַ㿴˶Էһۣ漴¼һڣ漴ȡһƿװɫҺεƿӳʦſ죡
ʦȻɻ󣬵ַĻſַ㽫һδϾɫҺεУ̼䣬ʦֻоϵƷٵţļϣľ޸֮ᣬʥˮʥƷ
ֻƬ֮ʦ̧̧֣˫ȭһգ漴͵һ촫Ϲϣд֮ɫĿ⾪Ŀַ㡣
ʦȺ׷ǰʦ˫ָֻ糣Ҳ¶˷ܵɫ
㻰һ̹ǵ˷ܵȺϣֻΪϣ¶һĨҰɱ⣬ȺоĴ̹ǡ
ʲôˣַûԷĻ㣬Ƕʦʵ
񱤵ˣҪϵıΪ֪ǵݣҪϵɱʦŭ˵
񱤣ַһ漴߳Щ֮ϵȥȽһ̤
նĮ˵̼һԾգ漴͵ĳ·ַɱȥ
ַĽŲƽȣĳǰ΢΢Ӷ£Ⱥֻâһţ漴˵촫˵壬ֱ׹˵ϣ£ſǣһ
һĻߵȺֶͷ͵һĿһĻֻһˣ
С̣˵ûƭ㣬һָ£ٲϵˡСһͷҶѩ۵ĵʱҶѩͬд𺳣˿̵ﻹ᲻СһĻ
ʦ˵ַ㣬ӵɲΪ
ÿĽɫӲĶַ㣬޷壬ַֻӳ˿ֲĽ˲նˡ
£񱤵ˣ֮£һᣬΣ
᣿ȺһŭĿӣɫ䡣
ַĽŲƽĳǰţϣ·һε
£ǿ񱤵ˣԷַɲϰݣҧ
񱤵ˣΣַ̧ͷĮɨһַۣ˫ƽʣµļλǿߣоһĿ־塣
һϣն꺮ޱȵĵһɿֲɱַϣ漴ͬʱˣһַֻ̣оͷŭţŰĿҰ֮š
ն
ַĻռ䣬һҫ۵Ļţǵ촫Ǽ˵ͬʱӲ漴¡ı촫壬ȫըѣַ֮Уƶ׵â˸ݣһλ֣ȫնɱ
˸µʱ䣬ַ쳾ģȴһУֻģ֮֮һںϣղǿһں˷֮׵壬Ǽ򵥵ͬʱʹãİںϽ
ͨĹʹ÷֮׵幥磬ǷĹ׵磬׵ĹںϽְ壬һ׵ڷУ׵磬һɱ֮򵥵ͬʱͷţ֪ǿ˶٣ɱ֮ˣ׾١
ȻնֻڶںϽеһֶѣңֻǼ򵥵һںϣ
׷콣ʵĲߵģȴǶĽں쳾ģֹˮ׿һУģֹˮУΨһԼƬȻԼ
ȻַԼ򵥵СȺУȴзκˡ
ûΪꣿ
ǴĿꣿ
Ϊȴ˿ֲ
֮䣬񱤵ǿݽ棬ɱѾǿ󵽳ǵⷶ롣
𺳡Ψ𺳣
ַٴλӶЩȫˣ漴תʦҪҪǨ
Щ񱤵ˣնЩˣȥ񱤣ȿֲҪһС̫ˣּ
ʦعͷһۣ漴ҡͷãЩ˵˼Ӧ͵͵Ӷϵıģֻ֪ҪǴɾû˻ỳǸɵģϾûɱǵǿߣ
ֻҵһַ˵˾䣬Щʵǿ㲻񱤵ľӢҲǳ̫粨κ¶һ
Ҳԣһô󲿷˳룬ʱһܣǷͷȥٻͬʱȥ磬вԣµɢߣΪ㣡
ַ΢΢˵ͷʦȻãǲܼˣΪСϣܹɱЩ˵ǿߴڡ
Сĵ㣬Ǻõġַ㿴һ۴ӵȺ૵
һģ˵Ҫȥǰף񱤵壬λǳߣ֮±Ȼӣز̫ߡʦ˵ȴַͫ͵һ
񱤴ڣף
ԣӦûģңӦָĵҡʦȻҲ֪һЩģСڱĵĽ֮أǱģңȻ
Ҹ뿪ˣַ漴ߵСߣЦԴСһԺúСˣ
šСһĵ˵ͷ
ַ͵һЦ漴Ҷѩ¼һܲסЩ㡣
˵գַüֱ֮֮ҶѩֱӡԺС
ˣַһڿգһֲľ޽Ľ£漴Хݣ硣
塭Сһﳯַķ׷ȥ׷õһˤ˵ϣͷͣĺ壬С۾м⣡
ҶѩͬԶȥӰס죬һĪ˸֮⣡
ˣĿַȥһȥҲ
壬ҳһȥ㣡СһſʧӰĺһ


1204 £̨
̨ԵøİԴӱԯ̨֮ͽӵĿ̿࣬ͼһϴǰܡ
ʱ䣬ľʦֹһΣľĪҪִ̫ʤܣԯϱЩƣֻ̨Ϻú׷ԯǳ֮£Ĵ½߲ľʦ˵ˣҲǼͨޣֱ֮һ򣬴Ӵһǧ
˵ţҲ˽ȥԯ켸̨ˣҪնַĿܹǼ䲻ˬġ
ʱϣһŮӰվڹ֮⣬Զ˼ַ㣬ȴûдַȥ׷Ѱһֱûϵַ㣬ôʱṳ̂죬ֻǰż漸̸һЩķĴ¡
磬ǺҶһģһģƺҪˣң񱤣Ҫչصףڲú󣬻УǼ̨ԯ죬ƺҲҪף飬һ飬Ҷ̨һ˿һƵϵ
ͬʱԶڼǧ֮֮ϣֲŰգһֲľ޽بǣֲĺХܱ֮ߵŤھ޽֮ϣһӰϥø㣬ϵƽͣˮ㰲ͣȻϣżȻһƽ
ʱַ굱УƬߵѾӵ˵ɫַӾϵĹġģһӰϥǼַӰַǰŰʮһͼһһЩַʹڵؾеõһ޹еĽͼס
ͼɼӵʥ֮켣֮ͼԽԽ̣̺Ľ⣬һһǿַֻǰĸţȴڽڣ˵Ӵֻ֮ԼĽལֻĲƼȱĽ֮ԼĽ֮С
еޱȿԣȴ޷ַֹˮۺʱεأʱȻ֮
ǧľ룬ھ޽ĿֲٶȶԺܽûйą̃Ͽգ¡¡ĿֲХ촫˲ȺͨͽΧĹȺ߳ʱ򣬿޽֮ϵַ㣬ɵɫһ
ַ㣬ˣ
ʧ˴ʱ䣬ַ㣬һγȺߵУ񣬱֮ڷ£ɶַйء
һµģַĵĸӹϵ̨Ȼ֪ģ̨յһͽ֮ʱ»ֵ÷зΪַ㣬Щն˼еˡ
ĺͻȻˣͻƵϢһصĹ⻷񱤣׼ΪڣףѾ̨ˣģ̨ͽ
һµԯ죬ηҪնַ㣬ַȴ֪٣ֳˣ
ַ֮漴Ųžڵķ̤ȥƬ̣ϵĲˣҲַ㣬ɵɫһˣַ㣬ڻˡ
ȵȣΪλΪڴʱɫһͣʧ˴ʱ䣬ַôأҪ֪ѾڳߣԯҲ۷壬ַ㣬ƺûʲôƺЩ
ǲַ֪ʲô˲Żᾪȣʵܼ򵥣ַ㣬ѹûȥ
ʱַֻĽŲĳžȥһһݣͨԿѾ飬˿̵һϾ죬һһƽûκϢĲתۼ䣬졢졢죡
׵Ͼ죬ַľûаĲǿŹӰ
ˡ鿴ַ㣬ʱַƺˣʣֲһˡ
šַ˵ͷߵַߣ˫գЦЩ
ҡҡͷٲҲҪ֪ͨˣٹգ񱤣Ҫȥףģף
ַĬԣ΢΢֣Цŵȥɣʱȥʱ˰ɡ
ַ㿴飬¶˿˿ЦƻգЦΪʲôôá
Ҹ㣬Ҫס˫ˮ˫ַ㣬ǵЦ⡣
ãһεļסַͷ
еůΨЦݣԣҲίԼ˵ƽĻȴַҡ
еůΨЦݣ
ַ㲨ȴһ͵ٶȲůΨЦݣ鲻κεί
ɵѾͷַĳ
ǵҵĻȴֻЦЦһ
ַˣʱһľʦֵ
ߡַ֣漴˸̨뷽λȥľʦֵǴǱƮ
ʦ֣ܿ죬ַ̨򣬳ľ֮⣬߻ˣһһͽһˣǿɮ
ͽҲ׷ߣֻľַЦ£ֽµľˣ
ţ¶ɻɫַ㣬ƺذɣʦΪ˵µľˣ
Щ챱ľһЩ£֪𣿡ľַʵ
ո˵һЩַӦ
ţ񱤵ˣήϼ壬ף⣬ҵļҲǰȥأԯ죬һͬʱףƻȽַ֣㣬ʧ˴ʱ䣬Ҳóȥ߶һ£մˣ
ľϵЦݴһĨζ֮⣬ոַѩҪһַ۾ʦ֡ʵЩɰ
һóնаͬһǰˣ˭Ըȥȥմְɣ
ľĻ˵ж¶˷ܵɫԾԾԣλʦ飬û۸ǡ
ˣľתƮȻȥȻʲôʲôʲô£̨ţ
ллַ㿴ŴʦֵӰʧһ˿ů⣬ʲô£̨ţ


1205 ַ
֮󣬱ģ
ԴԼԯ̨󣬱ı߳ƽǣ˵ġ
Ҳ˽ɣһ䶯ĵĴ£п𱱻ĵĸֱ仯񱤣̨ڵıˣһгԹ
ңڽգ񱤲ٵ͵£ҪԽңϼףԵѰζ񱤿ûϼĬϣǻǰǱܾҪ棿ⱳ󣬵׷ʲô
ͬʱϢգĵ֮һ;սԪ˵ҼҲǰأʱԯҵ˽֣Ե˺ˣԯҪףֱǰϼ壬ΪҪǰȥңǷʾţԯҡҡң񱤿£
ģ˵Ŀ⣬Ͷͬһطϼ壬ʱѾ˶ǰҿһ⼴Ĵ¡
˶ʣգң̨Ƿ֣
ĵڴ֮ϣ˿˿ů⣬һ̫ӳƺΰϼ֮ϣԵøɡ
յңƺڵøҵΧһ̺һֱҵĸأ͸һȣ︮ͥԺͥԺǰһޱȿ䳡
嫵䳡ϣŲˣǰصȺʲôϲ֮°㡣
ң˿ɲ˳ǲ֪೤ĵ̺ϵĳ߶溬ЦݣҵĽӴ֮˸׽
Щ˵߽ҵʱ򣬾Ѿһ£֮£سˣ˫ѾĳЭ飬Ļ˵Ĵģӭӡ͡νĹͣȻ񱤽Ҫǰ֮ˡ
ʱ仺ĹȥϼˣԽԽˣ֮˸æ
ֶϲϲʱһˬʵֻ䳡Уһ˳߶Ϊ֮ˣһϵӣϴЦݣҵ֮ˣ֣
ݹ٣ӭ֮껺ˬЦȴδǰӭӣаʸ񱤵ˣȻ̬ȶˣô껸һԷֻվǹ˹֡
ȻţȴκεĲ죬Ǻ߹ʱ֪еƣķɻڴͣĻΪһɱĶŮܸ˵
ίߵļ䣬㻶漴᰺һֱֵ󣬴ʱǵ΢΢Щ֮⣬ԯˣӦÿҪ˰ɡ
Ȼûй̫ãԶԶıԯ壬ˡ
ԯΪ׵һˣһ۵ӣƲʮңȻϢȣǳǿʢԯ常ԯ
ԯߣȻԯ졣
ԯ֣ӭǰȥ¶˿Цݣԯҳǿߣң̱Ҫܶࡣ
ֲ˿ԯˬЦĿתҵˣ漴˹ȥҲˡ
Ȼվһԯ죬ǳ⣺Ϣӵǿʢˣزú󽫻֮׷Ѱԯ
Ҳʱ򣬱һˡԯЦ˵ֵͷ¶ĵЦ
¡¡ڴʱԶһХ֮һ̣˵ĿͶԶ˸̤գңԶ֮ء
ֻԶƬգһͷͷ֮ףսġ
ˣ񱤵ˣˣԶյһв񱤵ˣĽˡ
˿ԶյУ˸񱤵ǰУңҪңᷢһЩʲô
ˣϼ嵱УһӰڿնΪ׵ˣһϷߣѾĺ꣬Ŀ磬ҵˣԣ񱤵˼٣Ȼӭӡ
ϼ˿ԶֻƬ̣ս䳡Ͽգ߳һӰ񱤵ǿߡ
ڣûģƺڳ֪֮ˣ˭ܹгƹؿ
λݹ٣Եӭ˵ʮ㣬һ£غҽˣܲӡ
ãϼȥ̸ɡ񱤵Ϊǿ߻Ӧһ漴أϼſкһǿͣλɣؾ࣡
Ļ£СԶȺ׷ߣһʱ䣬Һޱȵľ޴䳡֮ˣư磬С
ϼ˵ĿϼѾ֪ʦܣʳڣһھʣӵ壬ǧģͬ츳ףˣ񱤣شڣǰңףϣܴٳһ콾
񱤵ǿ߿żɽƬأҪ˶ܹ
λ٣ǿң࣬Ѿ꣬ԼĹޣһ£ҡ
ǲܴӦģԵĻδ£ԶһĻӹ˵ɫһݣ漴ȺĿ⣬һͬʱԶȥ
ԶĿռݣХֲ֮һ޽ȺߵС
̨̨˵ˣɫһݣ̨ˣԽԽȤˡ
ԵĿҲž޽ȥû뵽̨ˣҪ֦ˡ
ܿ죬޽٣¡һը죬ر޽ѣʯ費ݣ̨ˣ̤ҡ
ַ㣡ԯɫһ漴͸źâַ㣬ˡ
ַ㣡Ҳǳֵ꣬â
ղ˵ַָ㣬ɫĮַ㣬㶮𱰣
˭ַɫƽɨһۣһĿŭСӣװʶ
Сӣǿͣһӭǣ֮ЩˣԵ˵ԲԸ̨ϵŪַ̫㣬Ҳ֪˵ģϲСһ˲Ϊ΢Щ
䲻ģַƽ˵һȺĶĤУȴȺ¶һ˿Ȥɫ
Ц壬񱤵䲻ϣ𣿡䳰һ
ַĿתڵĵطƽֹˮĿ⣬ȴᰵ΢΢£գַΪصʱ򣬾ܰˡ
ַ㿴ᰣƽǵȻᰰ㣬ͷ˵ţԽԽȤˣַĹϵǳãгԹǱ֮˶֪顣
¶ǳǳЦݣַĽŲĳڵķȥɱ˰ɣգδҶԷȴ


1206 ɲǻ
Ŀ΢΢𣬱Ķַ㣬վĻȴǲҵģַ㣬Ѿأвߣ㹻ˣ㣬᰻֪֮ġ
ˣѡ˳Ĭ
ҵˣôңַɺƽһ仰ȴ֮һɫѿ
ҵĴӣСŵ㣡˵һ
ǰս뿪̨׼ѳ̨𣿡ַ䵭һȴɫһɫ
˵ע㣡
ǰʱգȺǰԯҡңףǺôֱʣҪôַ㵭˵ĿᰵϣɱôأգЩ飬ҲýˣǸ˵ĻԼɣҶ֣
㡭ɫַ㣬δ̫Щ
Щ½ղҴңûô׽ˡַƽĻ֮ɫһ
̨زڸ󱲶ԹԸҵȰɣĿ⿴ɮ
̨ᣬǷ֮ҲţֻҪһһҷţǲţַĮЩʱһЩ壬һЩҪ飬Ǻõġ
ֵͫ͵£֮ǵĿ˻Ŀ֮ǰǷһЩ£ҲѴ˳磬ַΪһ£֪˺֣ܶ࣬ȻҲ֪һġ
вң
вҲֻ֪֪ȹͻңһЩˣȴ𱨣Ҫҵ£Ҳǣұ׷ɱҪһֻʮϢʱ䣬ʮϢԼ֣ңձؽӽң
ַƽĻȴֵз˾޴ĲΣҲڳвĮȴŰȻ֮⡣
ֵĿͶԯ죬ƺȡ
ԯҪȴַɨһ۵վһߣᰵˣֵ㣬ڲұ㲻һ˵̬ᰡԯˣ
ȻַĻԯĽŲַ̨֮ͣƣգû취Ըַ㡣
Ϣʱ䡣ַĿᰵϣᰵɫѾò԰ףָ˫ȣָ΢΢ףȻַͱ˶ޱȷŭǣǲҳȥ
Ϣֵַʱ嫵Ŀռ䣬޾ȺȻüİˣڿַ㡣
㲻ҲϢˣַٵÿһͬӰᰵͷû뵽ַ˵ǿƣѹѹ塣
һϢ
ַĻ£޷ܣһ峯ַͳɱȥޱȿֲһӡַ㡣
¡
ᰵӡֱӡַϣһĻɫһô£ôַ㱻ˣ
Ҳ£漴Ŀ¶Ѫ⣬ȫǻܿ죬ᰵɫòҰΪĻƺͭǽ֮ϣȻ޷ҡַַֺƶһ¶ܣ
㻹ôַ΢΢ͷƽĿڷᰣᰵĶĤУȴֻ޾裬ַӣ޷ҡ
磡ǺһҵˣҲվ𾪵ĿһĻôܣᰵʵôַһ
ÿֲǡַ㣬̨һͽ֪ԯսΣȺͷַʼձƵᣬǹƽ֮Уȴ˿һͷѡһ쾪ʯƣ
̤뱱ĵĵһطңǿԳΪѣַ㳯ǿһۣ֮˵ɫޱȸӣ˻ں֮⣬ֺǣգΪֵļ仰ǵûŵ˽յĽ֡
䣡һɿֲϢַţ漴Ⱥֻᰵͬ㣬ַϵ˳ȥֶַδ˶ˤڵϵʱѾûϢ
˱˿̱øľʣַԣҪɱᰣֻȴһ¶ѣûȥµһۡ
Ŀ⻺תַֿԯ죬ʱԯ˫˵ķ֮âϰԵϢڷϢѾ̵˼ޡ
ˣڸˣԯоǿ֮⣬ɱķַ㱳н󣬽죬ҲҪնܿ죬㽫񱤣ĵģַֻ㲻նԷĻᡣ
ַʵǺǿ󣬵ΣѾأƿذնַ㣬ַɳˣ򣬽ĳԽ
ΪЩʱһֱ㣬ս
ѵ𣡡ԯŲ̤ɱϯգԵޱߵϢӶһѣ·ÿһ̤ǧն㣬ģ˶ף̨һεȻ֮أȻΪһͽն㣬̨ɨءԯ첽̤ԵϢֱַ㣬ַ̨һͽն̨棬ԣַ̨棬ַԼҲҳ
һȶұַۣԯΧȺɫһΪַƽУǸоͻֱӸԯ죬Ҫұۡ
Ц
¡
ԯŲݺݵһ̤ըѣһԾ𣬿ֲϢѹƬգ˸еϢ
֮ϣԯƵУԯָ֣һޱȿµսһնҪѣԯİ壬ԵԵ壬ùޱȿԣɱ
һ񷶼ҪնѿҪַնϳ롣
ַڶˣһ϶֣һָٲһƻȺһƻõĻ֮ռ佣УƬգ͸Ե壬նѾ޸ԯֱۡ
ɲǻߣַΪһȡɲǣռ壻ߣ֮壬У˷֮壬ɲǻߣָ֮Իߡ
ԯأȺǰԶĶϱ֮ʱеѾ޷
һȶұַۣĿ
жˣ̨һͽԯ£أǿ壬ǿ
һɲǻߣ


1207 ꡢնԯ
֮أҪǰױţ̨٣֪Σ̨Ľ٣ǣַ㣬Ǻǧ˿ϵ꣬ͬҲԯһֱҪնˡ
һзʱû˻뵽Ǵ˿־棬һ˶ԣǾ޴ֲġ
ԯҲʺᡢѪǿʢ񶼷ǳܼһιŵҪͬҪǿ࣬ľ磬أԵ壬ùٶȱÿֲеһе˵ԯ죬ɱһ߾û⡣
ԯ죬̨֮ˣܵУܹ֤ͬǿ
Ȼˣַ㣬ֻһûгִһƻǷ·𿴵һ֮գһУԯֱۣն¡
ԯֱۣڵѪģͬڵѪɫѾѿݣûܵôɴࡢܵ˵ңַ㣬ֻƻӶ¶ѡ
ַ㣬ڶ˿뷨жôЦ
أԵ壬Ϊ䣬Щ⣬Ѿûܹսˣڷ֣Ķôס
ҵվᰵʬǰԯ챻նϵֱۣкݺݵĳ鴤£룬ǵַ㽻ûΣҲ룬ʱôΣû
֮Ҳڿˣг鴤ַ㣬ѾôǿˣҵˣĿ⸴ӣ˵ַ㣬ϲˡ
죡ԯǰȥһɫĺϣ˶ϱˡ
Ŀ⿴ַʱгɱ⡣
Ψ񱤵ˣѾܱƽȴҲ𾪣ַսֲ̫ˣŽؾѡ
ÿ
ַĮ³һԯҵȺ
㻹ʲôԯַŭĿӣɫ䡣
۾ϹˣҪնңַüͷһ
սܣΪֹԯǳ鴤ַնԯ죬գΪ׶ȴû뵽ҽ֡
ԯ죬Ѿ׼ˡ
ԯ̨ͽʱ̨֮ûг֣ԯΪ̨ߣ֮ˣȻԯҪնȣնң棬Ҫԯ죬̨ԯǿ𣿡
ַƽԯͷַ˼ԣ̨ǰ棬ǲ㣬۸ַ֮ԯսԯ棬Ǿ̨֣
ʱ̨һͽаŲǰ΢΢һɫȻޱ飬ĵȥ򣬽ԯҵˣ£
Ⱥĺݺݵĳ鴤ţ̨ڳˣԵǿƣ㲻ȥԯˡ
̨Ѿ㹻ˣԯ첻Ǻǰ㣬ţڣֻʤܣܣأ
Уףԯһֱţܻܿ񱤣֮ǰ̨սʤַ㣬̨޷κˣֻսԯԼµĶԼ̡
ԯʱɫ˿ȸղ֮˵ɫÿԯ̨ǵȻ֪ģҲûֹǼ񱤵ǰ࣬ĩգٵϣһֱĮ̆ڷԼ
ҪôҪôһ
ֻϢʱ䣡аٶȿڣ͸ղַ˵ĻǺεȵƣֻǣַʮϢʱ䣬аֻԯϢֻϢ
𡭡ԯŭХһǶÿ
죡ԯɫѿ
ȥԯɫ죬֪常ߣȫҪ̨ˡ
λԯĿͶ񱤵ˣֻˡ
ԯ̨һս˭棬ɱ⣡аͷųֲϢ궼ҪǱģģ̨Ҫɱ˭˭ߵõ񱤣ҲС
ԯɫҰףŲ̤ϣֲѪķŭХ죬ԯ󣬳һͷ͸ſֲİԵ֮⣬ԯҵĶ꣬Եսܹ֮Ե壬Ϊַ֪꣬ǿ󣬸ղʹˡ
ԯ建ڿգԵսҪٵأӵޱȿµѹȺ̾ԯ죬аʸ񣬿ϧɲַĶ֣ղһ̫ޡ̫ǡ
ַƽĿԯ꣬ǰԯȵѹҪʹ꣬Ǵͬ׵սʱԯҪʹ꣬ħ֮ɱʹõĻᶼûУһοԯʹ꣬꣬⡣
ֲĻߺ֮ѪһΪԯԯ죬·һԶŵĻʣ֮壬ѪҪһǿ
ֲԯսٶɣսһУսն֮ʱԯ죬һսʣҪսƵء
ַ㣬վڵ棬΢΢ͷƽĿա
ɱɱɱԯ췢ŭſսһɱ£գ·һ
ַһζˣ˫һλգɲǻߣ֣һƿһУսնѣʵֶͨ죬ھԵǰɲһ
ɲǻߣְںϣǾԵ
Ѫз漴Ⱥַ嶯ˣ촫ַֻ㽫ԯպɱϡ
𡢺𡭡һֲŭ֮ɣһУȺĿ֮£ԯɶȥɣԵս
Ⱥ˷ֿʱԯѾòΣڵϣХ֮ͷŭ֮УһͷȻһֲսԵս
꣬Ϊã
ԯҵַ꣬㣬̵ˣңԼá
һĻȺͷԯҵĿѣаֻǰվǰ˭Ҷ
Լ֮£һܲİɣַ㵭Į˵漴ǻս꣬ɱ¡
ԯҵ˿𣬶ԯ죬¶ɫǰǶôĲʣΪʲôΪʲô˵ǿ
ͻȻ뵽ԤߺַԻ龰ʱ˶¶Ծɫַ㣬õģʲôԤԣ
û˻뵽ԯǰһ뷨ȻǣԤߣַʲôԤԣ
ϧû˻ֻ֪ЩͬԤߵ˲֪
ԯ챻նɱ˾һɻĵĸо˭뵽֣
ǰ꣬ԯһֱҪնɱˣ
˿ǵֻ֣
ԯ̨һս̨֪ԯĳַʦ̨֣ܳԯң̤ƽԯϣȺ𺳵սֵʱаһǵĲ£̨úݣ


1208 ߣ
ваǿƻвԯңԯǿҪԸַ㣬һ֪š
Ǹԯңԯ죬ҲˣģԯңʸûС
̨ǵԯ졢ԯңǺţһεսܣѹ
ԯҵһɫѪ죬ؿһѪؿڣǺսһǸǣܣǽնɱɾһʼ壬ܹڶʢᲢ̨ۣҪԯңؽӰ˻ľ
һУַֻ㣡
ַ㣡뵽⣬ǵĿⶼĳַɨȥ޲ý̵ַȻַûעǵɫֻǰİԯĴָ漴Ų֮ˡ
ģ𣿡ַĿ⿴ԣʵ
ڱչأ֮Դ˿ԲҵͿַ㣬Ȼ̨һͽҲˣܹһԯˣ򵥣ַ㣬Ǹʱ䣬ջΪ˻ľ˲õ
˵ַԤߣֻǣԤߣʲôԤԣ
Բĵ˼ɡַ˵һЦ£᲻ַ˼ЦŻӦҵ飬Իţ
ȷҵ飬ǣӦģңףҴӦ£ַƵᣬȺ޷ϲŭ˵һޱƽ㡣
ַ󣬿ɮַıЦ£ʧַ꣬ˣıˣϵı仯ҲǾϵı仯ַ꣬㣬ûа׹һɱ䣡
أʵ
ΪҴӦģԣ˹ϵңҲϵңԼͬģ޻˵⣬ܵвȣôұȻưոݣ𣿡ַ
Կǰ꣬΢Цŵ
вİ֮˼޸˵ˣǰΪһŹ𣡡
ձֳӣǲŹģǣû񱤣һ
ǰ˵Ĳ㣬һ񱤽ύҽύҪ񱤣ҡַЦûлػȴͷȷ㣬ƺܼ򵥣־̫ѣ
Ȼشڶ⣬ģ̨ڱģң̨һڱģңֻҪһ£ǿߣ̵ʱ۱ģ񱤣ܳжǿʣɲЩ£
ַԵڶĻش𣬵ԱȵأУȴܰ˵
ڵһ⣬ˣģΪ̨֮ˣ̨ǰ;෴ѳ̨̨ΪУ񱤵ڣкҪύģ
ַ㵭˵ȴȺһһ㣬˳ϣǵڶ㣬ڣ
񱤵ŵӣڣԱԯ컹Ҫֲ࣬ңڳ֮
񱤵Ҳ¶⣬ַ㡣
ΪΣԺʵ
ΪҪɱ
䣡һɿֲϢţȺҲһֲϢȻ֮ͷŵģֻ񱤵ǿһַ㣬һЦ˵ЦΪأʦڣڳ֮һ䣬ټԼֶͨΣ㣬ܱ𣡡
˿ȺҲ룬ַ֮䣬ǿ
ڣ壬Զʤԯ죬ַʵֲһڿ𼶣ַ㣬ҲȲ˰ɡ
ϼգ񱤣ףǴ𲻴Ӧظɡ񱤵Ѳͣһ
пЦһʱ֪
ַĿ⿴񱤵ˣ漴建ڿգָָ񱤵һˣһλһصǿߡ
㣬
һɨַ㣬͸һĨҰ֮Ŀˣָ
ңһսַƽĵһ䣬ĵáܺãԼ
䣡˽ŲһɼȿҰϢͷţڿն𣬺һͷԶŵϢǿֲҰ
һȺַ㣬ſļһߣһսң񱤵ߣ
ֻ꣡ǿߵֱϣʼ۸ţϣ֮׳֣ͷϣ֮ǣġ
񱤵ߣ⻯ͨѾǳǿˣ֮䣬ƻһԶŵ͸ޱȿµ֮ƾܹ˺ѣץơ
񱤵ߣЩɵַĽģȺһĻа񱤵ǿɫԵϢȫ⻯·ÿֲɼôɡ
һ̣ͻȻоЩţַս񱤵ߣΣ
˶ԣǣǵһΣ˸ؾʵսߣĲֲ̫࣬ˣȻַ㣬Ես
Щַһ̨ͽˣһĳȣյַ㣬̫ˣǵƶţս񱤵ߣʤ
¡ֻ񱤵ǿ߽Ų̤͸ޱȿҰԣĿֲ֮ĳ嶯ߵϢ̫ǿʢˡ
ļһῴߣܹսʤģҰԿԣٶһ̤һͷֲַȥѹַϡ
ͬʱһֱƽַϣһͷԼϢ
졢޼᲻ݡͨ죬һ֮޷죬޷ħ
һ̵ַ㣬գ·ƬأΨһˣҲûˣܹȥ
ÿµĽ˸ܵϢ궼ڲ̫ǿʢ£ʱַ֮Уƻһһ֣޷죬ʱΨף˵ǰվŵˣ˭
ɱ߸ַܵϵϢɫ΢΢£漴ŭһ·裬һҪ˵ĻǣȺƺһͷֲַצȥ˿̵ַ㣬øСϢǿʢҲҪɿҰû
ַվգƽƽ岻ᶯҡֺģᣡ
ġǻ׵磬ǱѣһУռ䣬˺ѣ˲ɱְںһ𣬵Ľַ֮Ϊɱ
һַлӳʱؼ䣬Ψм
¡ըʱͻأʧȺĿ⿴յʱз˻˻죬ߵţһ޴ĶڣɱںֹǿķҲҪ
ߣ𣡡
һַָֻ֮ƽֹˮƽһ֮ʱ𣬽ֹˮ
ߣ


1209 ת
콣޽ģУ޽֮ʱֹˮУ޷졣
ַ㣬֪Լ޷콣øˣ콣ʵĵ·ȥ׷Ѱں쳾ģ޽ģֹˮ֮ʱȴء
ǣһ·׷ĽȴǶԼģΪ콣֮ͬҲȫһľ磬Ҳͬңǵİ岻һĽȫͬ콣ԼеĽַͨ㣬ͬٶĽ֮·
Ƿնɲǻߡ߼ɱǿЩǶĽںϰĽ
ңʵַ콣ʣƵģ콣ʣַ꣬㣬⣬԰ƿֲ
ַ㵱˵棬նһλ񱤵ߣĿģȺոƽģһβ
ءնߣնģ񱤵ߣһߡ
֮أ֣Ⱥи̾ʮﵱУûбľ֮ˣδ½һλˣΪлᣬڿַ㣬ڵ츳Ҫ£ַս̫ˡ
ͻȻЩڴڴַĳɳ
˶û뵽֮֮н֮󣬱Ⱥһģһַ㡣
ң֮䣬ǧ˿Ƶϵ
Կַ㣬вԽԽǿңһĳɾͣǿµġ
񱤵ȺһϢ񣬺Ҫַ㣬ȻɮԼаڲѾַߣ񱤵ȺַʣǸڱĶַ̨֣ϧһнԶ
ղַߣһս񱤵߱նɱֻ˵Լܡ
񱤵ߣƺôһӲסַƽȴͬһĶ⣬񱤵ǿϣΪУַ㲻˿Ρ
彵ڵأַ㳯ԵķȥԵղŽնɱ⣬ֻ֤񱤵ߣһɱڣ䣬Ȼն
ַƺЩ̵ζ񱤵ķ̣սһλ񱤵ߣԷնֻΪ֤Կһ
еɫͣиַ̾һУγ֪࣬һֱҪԼ˵ϣҳΪˡ
ǿƵ̬вҡնᰣնԯ죬ѹԯңգԾԵѹնɱ񱤵ߣⶼ֤ܹҵģȫܸңñڸá
㲻նɱڣһߣն㣡񱤵ǿĮĿڣַ֤ǿƣڣţЩʣʵıǿǱϱ壬һ䣬ֻӭһɱ䡣
𣡡ַ㲻ÿɷת̧ƽĿ⿴񱤵ǿӰڱչؽһսսǣӦս𣡡
񱤵ǿɫһͣɫƽַ㣬ǿţͬս֮ʱһһ·ơ
񱤣ڣӦս˳ĬƬ̣漴ĻӦַ㣬أڣڳ䣬Ӧս񱤣к̨һ̡
ص㣬㶨ַٵ
ȵڳ֮գһὫϢ̨˻ģڣնɱɱ¶ַ㣬һҪкܴвַսڣóĻᡣ
ãַ΢΢˵ͷڳߣұն
ڣַնѾܾˣȻҲһնַҲܾˡ
ڣǿ𣿡ַ㵭Įһȴ񱤵ǿ߽ĿͶԡ
ٶȿЦַ㣬Ҫڴսأһս˭ܣ»Աճڣ˭Ҳ֪ǼʤΣַȻֻΪֻƾյı֣˭ҵͿ
һնߵڣڳ̾һҲ̫𾪰ɡ
ٿһʱ𣿡Կ˵ʱ˶˹ԣҪȣȵַһս
ǣַʤ˻Щַˣ񱤣ǻҹڻˣԵĻ˵ڣѾעˣϾ˭֪Һ񱤣йԼΪַĳ֣ˡ
һ㣬ʵַҲ֪ԽյҪǿƣҪǿʵסҵˣǿַĿģﵽˡ
ܺã񱤵ǿԵĻش˵֣漴һ˳֮УڿնȥϢ죬ʱûʱơ
յ񱤣Ϊһ꣬ɨ棬߱صնɱкλ˵Ψеڳأնַ㡣
˿񱤵Ⱥ뿪ַֿ㣬ǰ꣬һ֮ת񱤽Ľ֡
ַ¶һĨǳЦµľ棬ȻõģһڴӦ񱤣ٵѹҲǾ޴ģͬ˵ǰ򵥡
ǰҿԼһ𣡡ַʵ
ĻڱչأֵҪͷ´лᣬټɣЦ˵ַȻն֮ǰҪģǲôס
ǺãˡַҲԣƽһ޽֣漴̨֮˷׷׿ȥֲľ޽ٶȿֲ

˿Ǳ޽ʱַױ˺Եݣ̨һͽУһɿֲַֻΪλΪǸա
ַ㣬ԤߣԤ㽫Ϊ۰ɣַߣֹһ֮ͬ˶ĿͶַ㣬գʵַսŵˣ뵽ֲֻ֣
ҲɣַЦŵټ٣ҪҪǣβϵǰУ̤۷塣
һգڱĶԣעǲƽһգ˵ĿͶҵʱΪ񱤽ҪյĽȴǣַ㣬̨ǿңı档
ıַ㣬ֻɱ˶ѣһˣᰣһˡԯ죻һˣ񱤵һλߣ
նǵַ㣬Ϊأ
һգ𶯣Ƿ·𿴵˱һλȽȽ
ͬʱϢַ㣬սڣԣ֮ʱն֮գ
һսǱľһ۷֮սɣ


1210 ̤
˻ľСһҲǰԯǾԯ챻ַն굱Ҫնַ㣬ԼͻȻɱˡ
ڣһľʮ֮䣬Ǳûѹˡ
ַڵһսǱһԵһսϢԶԶֹǱĺ֮˵ע⣬˻ľҲ˳ͶĿ⡣
򡢻ɽжսʤأԳֳһͨް޴ԳĿƴ͸գ̨˵ֵַܣڴڰ˻ľĹʣһսնڡ
ͬ׻ʵϣһͷſµİâĿն͵죬򱱻ķ򣺡ַ㣬ڲն㣬ҽն㣡
ɻģ칬һɵĹ֮ϣһλԶȻһЦǣԤ߿صСһֻ˴ʱ䣬Ҫ𣡡
ܷɽϡڣͬӰ򱱻ڵķ
ʱȥմ֮ǳ֮˶ڽչأǳʱ򣬱ĵϢĽĿͶݹȥЩԤߵˡ
ǲַ㣬ֻһڣǲôעΪַսԣŻЩĿ⣬Ϊַ֪õԤʲô
˶뿴ԤҪΪӵ꣬ɳһĻڰ˻
ǵˣͬҲڿҪս콣յҫ
ڰ˻ľ˵Ŀ⣬ַ㲢û̫⣬ҪնڣһΪģ˼ĶԹעһ˱ҪնڣҲҪնˣβϡ
صַ̨㰲һʱգһ죬һ߳˹֮ϡ
ǷһƬգַȴ֪ϿգܿһƬء
죡
ȥַԵһЦһ
ȥɣ΢΢ͷ
ַֻĽŲĿ⳯ȥһ̣ƽжȻֲķâֱƾ
ˣ
ַ𣬺һŭХ֮£޾콣â֡ƣַΪҪͱ졣
¡ַ㴥Ƿ֮ʱһɹ£Ʋ㻯ḥ̂ѹȶ£Ҫַ嶼ѹ飬ݣֲס
ͣ
ַֻ㵥죬֮кһ貵Ľâֱ񷣬޿赲Х֮ϡ
ǣ޾ĥѹȶ£һ̣޾̨ܵһױȵѹ߳ĹǷ׷̧ͷȥ̡֮
ַ㣬̵֮¶ˣ˵С·ʱܱĥѹΪƬȻССӰȴǰĲȻҪ죬޷סӰ
͡͡ȺֻһĽâ춼˺ѣẖ̂նһССѷ죬漴ѷԽԽ󣬽ԽԽǿϽ˺ѡ
ַ㣬Ҫ춼˺ѵ̨֮һ𺳣ǵ˵ַ㣬ÿԣԵ̤֮죬ַ㣬ȴҪԾǿĽǿƿ죬Եףǿ̤İȻӰ·֡
ĥ̵ѹԽԽǿˣѾ޷赲챻˺ѵڣȺһ£ַϣʱ˶¶ޱ֮⣬˺ˣַ㣬졣
̨죬ζŴӴ֮ԾţӴ˳Ϊ״ӡ
ַ㣬һͽգƿ죬Ҫ״ϯλʯʣʮλ״ӡ
ڣ˵Ŀ£ַ˳ǵʧḥ̂˵ұҲҪȥһ棬һ龰Ǳߣʲô
ʯʺʵĹڣ״ӵãʥأ
˵Ĳ룬ǲǰУվһգҲҪַһ죬Ϊ״ӣһ졣
ַ죬Ȼ˿̵ѾһƬռ䣬ס֮ʱѾû˸ղŵǹɷ񣬶ǺƽĿǰһУȻһУзǳ𺳡
ַǰģûк嫵Ĺûо׵ҲûйǿϢеĲ룬ȫ
ǰһƬεգããأԶһ޴Ĵ䣬еڸԵæţЦȻԵãǳ͵ľ¡
ûûзĿֲޣеֻСߺ֮ԼԴ˷֮飬ǵΪСÿǿĲ侳ַ㿴Ȼʲô㡣
ַǰ˼龰ȫһ
ǿ죬ֲḥ̂ѵֻһͿռ䣿
һһǧ̸ڣ֦Ҷïǳĺõطϵ·ַЦ£ν졣
ԶĴ䵱УһȻԵõϣԡ֮УԵøİ꣬Ϣƽͣûиκǿĸоż߹ӰЦźкҲЦŻӦ
ַ̧Ųĳڵķȥߣ£ģҲǳ⡢ƽ͡
ǲЩʧ˵Ŀ⿴εգƽ
ֻЩ⡣ַЦ£ǰƬ򣿡
ǷӦøĿˡɰ˵һַվ΢΢ʦ
ʦ㾹ȻԸһʦôЦ£ԭⰲ꣬Ȼ˻ĵ̨λ֮һ


1211 ·
ȻֻһνѣôҪÿ˵һܻΪʦΪصһλʦ𣬺㲻ʦٳʦʵɲˣÿһλʦ𣬽ǵʦǶأһУΨġ
ʰ˵ַ㲢δӦֻš
ȫԷҵĻΪÿˣĿһִͬԣ˵һУ˿㶼Ǵġƺ
˵ƺоЩԾڻعͷַһۣЦŵҵĺ𣿡
ַһȻ̤죬һУϣʣһγϣ˵⣬һͨ꣬һλʡһð˻ǿߡ
̫ˡ
һЩɣַЦ¡
ҿ㲻һ磬ԺʦҲһ϶̵ָʵʵҸģһȷģҲǶԣԾȫԣ˵ʲô㶼Ӧ˼Ŀȥͺ˶Ϊ֮أ˿̣죬ǰһС
ʻ˵ַΪȣʣ˼ʸģҲһǶԵģÿˣҪߵ·һ
һлҪҰɡʱЦ£漴ϣĿ⿴εա
ʦһҼʱΪ̣ȻһΣȴһλ꣬һòΪλвͬĴ
£Ҳһ㿴ҵʱ򣬻ᷢǰһλһ꣬οģֻҵѣҲһе桢档
£ַһ漴ֵʦңǰкԨԴ
ַʳѾõɻ󣬽ڼȻҪ
Ǳҿ
ַЩɻ󣬵һ֣ǰ
˵ǿʢˣַָḧݻַ㣬Цʵǲļһ𣿡
ӣַͫ͵һʣƬ̣üɳЦƺЩˣ
ңġҡͷЦÿ˶вͬĵ·Ҫߣʯ뿪أѡǵ·նһУ˥ǲȥ֣ǲĵӷأԸ˻ģԻһ㣬ɻԼԼ·ͬľλʦһ㣬ǰǬʵΪҺʯ޷նϺص㺣һͽأ᲻ĵӹҲˣˣȻо׽ЩȻԼһ㡣
ɻʵ·;ж᫡ĥѣֻйԹ޷ÿˣԼ·ܰģȻһѣһУҪЩԼôѡԼ·
磬ʣȥָÿһȥ̨顢ҲȥΪ˭汻ĨɱŭЩվʵĽǶȶԣ£Ҫܣµǧܹ֮
쳾£ܵô࣬һ⡢ġ
ղҵĻ𣿡ʶַЦ
סַ΢΢ͷ
㲻סҡͷЦַ¶һĨɻɫ
Ҹղű˵ҵĻһȷһϯϿܱȼʺϣϣ㲻һˣ磬ҳɻ֮ʱ֮ǣңնϺ쳾£أᣬһɻʣ׻ڣܲǣǣ
ַɫһ㶣漴Цʸ׽ȥˡ
ڣ𣿡ʣˣַЦŻӦ
ʲô
ַ㿴ʣƽЦŵÿˣԼ·ʦ·һʺߣֻҪ׷Լģ׷ѰԼ·
ˣԺ·ѾǰˡЦµ
Ժ·ַ
ԣԺߵǾ磬ߵԼĵûܹߣֻʺģȷĵƽ˵ţǸղַĿڣ֮·ҪԼߣߵ·˸ķǴģǿҲһ
ʯǰƬռ𣿡ַһ
ʯҲԼĵȥˣ˵ʯǼһǰıʯͷҲϣ㵹ǰҺʯʵıһˡЦ£ǣƸһֻĸо뵱꣬ķʯǼһ请ķ
ʯǰ㱻ϵڻƺͦȤġ
ߣҴȥ㼸λʦ֣ʶַ˵һ漴վ΢΢ַϣŲһһȴ֪жֱ仯˵˲ϢԭʧһѲ֪жԶ
ʺַ뿪֮ԭ֮һӡȻֻһͨĽӡȴ仯
ǣʴַһǳصУƺһͨĳǣе޲ǿ󣬷ǳƽַ֮УһλɮڻԵ䷳һһҵĴţ㱻˸ϳȥЦӭ
⻯Ե֮ˣһλֲǿߣּ䣬ܹСǴݻٵĿֲڡ
ն޽߷ҪıȽᣬܼᣬܼᣡʵ˵漴һʧӰ٣һֵ̳ʱַоһֽȻͬϢֲɱʱվһƬս֮С
ƬսȫǷǳֲߣַɫ͵һÿһǿߣӵл֮ܣս񷶼Ҫѣزϱ˺
ս֮УһӰɫۣȾѪһֳֽɱ޾ɱ񡢷߱
ˣȻһͽа
аɱ֤·ٶȿڣƬַ֮㷢ԼѾصԭأƬĴУһ糣κ鶼ûзһ
ѾصϣεգЦŵÿһˣԼ·ʦľȥ׷󣬶ĵ
磬Զеĸӣַһղţʴǰȥս߱أǿƣ
ʦʦɱսأַ
·Լߵġƽĵ˻ľ̫ˣһ㲻ȥ룬ƽ˺ƤҲ뵽ӼУ˭ܳɳ磬Ҳˣ
ַƬ̣ΪȻĵ˵ͷһǱڵĹɣʿĨɱ˵ĺ󱲣ôɱҵĵˣնӵܣ˭ܳɳǽһѣԵѣ


1212 սǰϦ
ַ㣬ڣΪѾأ䣬û̫ңԶľ룬ʱ䣬֮⣬ҲҪúԺԼ׸·ʲô·ʺ㡣
ĵˣɣҲͻȻඥ֮飬ǣ߶·ʺԼ·УΪܹһǧͬЩ츳ף֮ȴ粽УΪǣߴ·˺ߴòնǰ·ͷ
·Ҫĵδ
ַĬƬ̣漴ʵʦΪұȽʺһ·
Ҳ֪·ҪԼЦҡͷ֮УӦһЩˣ칬ᣬ·Ժע֮·쳾Уԣһߴٲֱõ·֮·а֮··ҲעƷС
֮·Ҳ˺쳾ս֮·һ·սƵأսٻλ
ַ㰲ʵĽ̻壬Ҳʶһ䣬Ҫߵ·㣬Ҳָ֮С
˵սˣǳЦ£죬֮£·ָơ
ţһսַͷ
㿴ڣЦ£һַͻȻִһ̣ʶˣˣƬգεΪ˲˰
ָֻл̺֮⣬֮Уǳ֮䣬ͬ㣬ͣ£Ŀգƻһ澵ӣ澵УһԵֲӰϥϸһ֮ۡ
ڣַĿһֲִ֮ͨʣûǳǳ֮ڴ˿顣
ʱܣһͷͷֲѪɫڲͣ˺ҧڵѪ⣬Ѫ죬£ھһѪɫŰѪҺһˮУѪѪУ漴ӽڵڡ
ַɫ΢΢һѪȵĳ
ڴʱַֻоһɿֲѹ͸ѹֻһ˲Ϣо޷ϢƽѹҪ
꣡촫ǳûľƬѵӰʧַŸоǹѹʧ
ǿߣַɫӲʵ
ʣǳ֮ͨڣ񱤵ܹܵ˲Żиղǹѹҵƽ˵˵һǳ΢㣬ʵ򣬸ղѾʵһССĽ棬ַף֮ĹϵûôƣΪ֪ǣҲҲǿײֻǣǲ֪ѣ˵ûʸ֪
ʵ磬ǻûнӴͬǰЩʦ֣Ȼ뷨ʵÿһˣ׷ԼԼѪ
񱤵ѪؾѾõʵӣʣҪ壬̥ǣ˵ǣȴϿҪڻһڳأֲ£ǱУܹ׽˺ѣ
񱤣ҪҵַЦ£̫ˣΪ壬񱤵֮ˣһսҲ˻Ŀ˵ĿⶼͶ˹ⲻڵսѾ̨񱤵սΣ񱤣ڰܡ
񱤺󱲵㣬һڣȻȫˣʮڵҲǶһɱģЩĺ֮ˣҪʢ٣ˣҲࡣ
˵Уƺô񱤡
ʦ̨ΣַЦһ
ʮ̨˻ģòôãЦ£ǶԼţҲǶ̨ţ̨ĵӲ࣬аԼַڵʮһ洫ӣÿһˣŻģ̨һţ˻ĵһ¡
ն𣿡һ
ַ㿴ʣ漴΢Цŵ˵ͷɱΣն֮־Գư԰˻
ڣն
ãɱĻᣬΪţ֮ʱɱһΣһΣұڴ㲫
ЦַԼģôַ㣬ڻΣһΣնڣ
عкúñչһΰɣʶַ˵ַתַǿŹ֮ϣԪ֮ͨ·壬ֱӲ֮У̨Ͽգ漴ֱַӲĹʼһαչء
úϢıչؽɹƹؿ̶̤֮һ겻ʱ䣬ֱӴؾ磬ߣһķԾ𶯱ģϢݵ˻ľ
ǰֻۣƾζԣģҪԽԽڲ²⣬ϣ׷ʲôʲôɱ䣬˵Ǿʾˣ
ͬʱϢڣһҲͻƣ壬ҪӴ˱ؽʮ֮С
˵񱤴ԲѣҲ˲²⣬񱤣ھɱҲ˵ǿţ˲ɵÿʼ룬ǰնԯԼߵַ㣬սʤɱ
ͬʱɻģɹϢʮ֮һ칦ҪͷҲᣬҪ쳾Уð˻ӢԶȻĶᣬʮ֮һĴ֮һ˭쳾䣡
ϻģ»ɽһ·ɶ٣ϵĳűķӶݣ׷ɱ㡣
ڸԶһ۵ĵʿշмɷ֮⣬ǰԶĸں𣬱۸ֻҪΪٰʮһλӶѣĪԵ죡
ԣһ򣬺Ҫ׹ȥɫȺ̿Ҫڣ


1213 ˻Ŀ
˻ľǿ߳ı֮ӿȥ̨һ۷һսԳΪ뱱ĵ۷һսȻ˵ĹЩĿ⣬׷׶Ͷߣעⳡս
ʱϢʼڰ˻ӣַ֮ǣҲԤߣԤߣַԤԣҲʣַŻ˵ĲȻֻȺĲ²⣬Ԥ߶ַԤԣ֪ˣֻЩˡ
ַԼģѾΪ˱һҫ۵ˡ
һգģ񱤣Ϣͳͻƣ̤֮ͬʱսַ̨㣬ʮ֮󣬾սɽ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬Ͷɽ뱱Ľ֮ء
ʮʱ䣬㹻ǿ߸ɽˣ񱤣ģͬʱ˻ľǿһЩʱ䣬ð˻ľĿⳡս̨һľսһʱȺ̾˸ߵʮ㣬ڣѾһ¾硣
̨ƺԵøƽûκεȺִ̨Ĳ㣬һս̨ѵҪսܣ
ַ̨㣬նߣ𾪱ģô䣬Щϧˡ
֮ɽѾв˵˳񱤵սձڣغХ棬ͷѪ߹ֱɽ֮ۡ
¡¡սɽۣ֮ʱɳ漴˵˻֮Ѫ죬ƥѪлΪޣ˺ѵʣͬʱսըѣ¶һԵޱߵӰڡ
Ѫɫۣޱȣǰ죬ɽۣ֮ޱ߰ԵĿƴ͸ޣ̨
֮ն׼ɽۣ֮ڰԵ֮أҪնַ׼ɽ֮ϣ̨
һλ޷ɳַ㣬ӵо֮壬պȻ
죬ӰɽɽǰԵӰϥȴһͷԶޱ߿Ұ֮⻯֮⻯ΪѪ֮һӵв˼ǳ⻯ֻƾ˺ѱԼ绹Ҫߵǿߣһ֮£ضҪ
ʱڵɽ֮ԣһη壬۷֮ϣһϮǷӰӰ俴ƽûκγĵطֻһվ·һε
ͬΪһ֮ܳˣʮ֮һ䡣
Ҳ̤ˡ
˰Ծ֮ǳЩԤߵŶĪĻչؽһʱ⣬ʮ½̤֮ˣЩ츳˿ڡ
򻯰壬֮ͨͨİԵڣ֪˭ǿ˭в룬ڵҲֻǰ˻ľһӰ԰Ե̬վǰô֮塢Զŷأ
˵ϻĴ֮˾Īϧǲڤ壬ˣ˻ľʮǷҪдˣ
ҲˣȻǱ˪ˣȺһɽ֮ϣһٻӰվǣƮƮǳĵ˾̾ģǰˣȻ紫ŵҲ̤֮ӢȻĶ
Ҳˡڴʱ˿һ̤ɽȻǻɽʮ֮һڣʣȴϲˡ
˿̸ڵɫȴÿһֱţﲻúһշ۵ĵʿҲɽʿûмɧŸڣĿ⳯ڿȥ˫ӺҪڿ͸
С쵰һǿأ֪ڵˣʿ۾аַʰһʱˣӦòڰɣ
ŮӣҴûŮӡڴʱԶһλˣͬһһЦĿⶼ˷·Ҫٽȥ޷԰Ρ
ᣬ칦ǿˣܿĻĲȡһЩʵƫС˲Ŀһˣ˻ȻĿǾӰ˻ľĴŮ֮һᡣ
ںַһսȻô˵Ŀ⣬ʮвˣȺ𺳣ڵӰô
ǲ֪ʵˣڶǣֻ뿴һǵõԤǿԤԵһλַ㣬ˣ
ңּĴսܶԼĵ
ɽԶһС򣬴˿СϵĲ̧ͷԶ۷֮ϵӰеһˣܹɱСɡ
ʦ񱤵һ˺ǿɡҶѩԶģİԵӰ૵һʱ֮¶·һֱ䣬֮²ŲʣСģڼǰǿͻȻԾСܱ߽һǲ̨֪һսŷ
ǿһСǿֲǿߣ䡣ʦͷ
ĶһҲɣǱľ̨ţ֪ûԵҶѩ˵
ֻǸҲ˵ʦһȥڵĶ֣֪һַ֡㣬Ȼȷַ㣬Ƿַ㣡
ꡣҶѩ£漴ЦôᣬЩʵˣһʢˡԵޱ𣬾ϴЩˣޱȰԵ
꣡ʦһƣ漴ЦѵˣЩ˵ģһλ𣡡
ˣڵȴȴ̨̤㡣
һս˻Ŀʤߣؽ˻ġ
ɽԶһ޽Яֲ磬ŭֱɽ


1214 ս
ɽۣ֮ڵȻſҰ͸գһյĳ˯Զը죬Х
ˡʱȺĿ׷ңХգ˻δȺֲĽ˿ХԵ˺ΣҪƷأǹɿֲ˵ľͷһĨ⣬
ַ㣬һϮɫۣŽɫƽھ޽ǰ̨λʦ֡
һεսַսʵ򣬹ϵ̨񱤣Ȼַһˡ
޽֮˷׷£ַֻһھ޽֮ϣֱɽ֮ۡ
ľ޽Ҫֱڣ졣
˸ܿմµľ޽͵Ŀֲ֮ȺֻǾ޽ֱӲɽ֮ϣм佫ɽƿһֲĽ֮ѷ죬ɽ֮ϡ
ÿֲȺɫһַ㽵٣޽ɽҪǹɰԵޱߵѹȥ
أΪҲˡ̤֮ڣһʱ⣬ַؾھսɽ
ĿеӰ˪΢΢£漴ָֻƽһ޹ء
ῴַ㣬ǳǳһЦֻһЦҪȻַΪն񱤵ߣַΪأ֪ܷնڣ
ԶСͷԶգǿַһϮ֮ʱжʱĪıһ˵Ķַ֣㡭ǳϦദַ㣬ͷ㿡ݹİ꣡
壡С̧ҪǱȥʦȴһѽסСһǱߵĴսֲܿܿ˵ôԶľСһߵĹȥ𡣡
ʦַܴùǻ𣡡С۵Ŀ⿴ʦżʵ
ܣһԵģʦδ˵һԵҶѩӿ˵Ŀᶨַ磬Ǳ̨һˡ
أˣɫ䣬ɱ졣
ˣַĬû˵ֻһ̤һɿֲشƣЮַ
ն㣬գ̨ڵӣڱؽһɱܺѪƣͷյҪַûŲһ̤ڵ峯׹䣬Ȼַ޽ɽض֮أŭһ֮ŭХ漴ֻɽֻ죬ƽһɽ֮Уġ
ڣжôֲȺɽ죬ֻо٣øĽţ¡¡Ŀֲ촫ֻڳɽһǣַݺݵĺɱȥɽ
ǿߣɽնϺֻ̤֮졣
ˣַĽŲɼᶨƵǰ̤ɽֹˮࡣ
ŭХ֮ͻأĴַֻܣӿֳ޾һ貶Ŀյ̫ӳֻ֮âĻ
ˣַŲ̤ĽŲЯֲ֮ѹڴɱһʱ䣬ɱŭһֲɽ޾ɱ̼͵첻ϣһɽ嶼̵ǧٿףǿֲɽַ㡣
ַŲ̤׵񷣬һƺ׵罫ɽ¡Ŀֲ촫ɽ岻ϵըѣ׵Űͬʱڵֱɽ֮У˴͸ɽ壬ַɱȥ
𡭡һͷԶŵ˻ɽ峹׵ıѣڵӰַǰǸſֲ۵ƴŰľҪƾֲַշѹ顣
ַȻ壬Ϻ׵ɫâҪһУƾֱӺڣԿԷĿֲ
¡һµı촫ַ廯һ磬ϢĳźƮȥĿƽȴǰڵѾ˹޼ˣ׵죬ǧɺʹʱо롣
ؾϴɱ䣬˾һͷһټϿ߾磬ڵֲ˼£ַնɱ߲֪ǿʢ٣׾Է˺ѵ
ղڵҲ΢΢˲ַ䲻ҲֲټϰţЩҪƶ˺ѵأ˿ֲƣٷַɳѹסգһҪնַ㣬
̤ߣѪѪУ塢Ҳ㣬ôսЯҰ֮¸ףǿȣ¾ͿƷʥײˡ
ַƣΣХ֮ӵ֮⡣
һ̣֣
ٴκɱһֱۻֱۣڵۼףĿģַ̽ȥҪץա
նַ֮ճַ֮ڵ֮ϣֲĽײ죬ڵֱѾ͡
𣡡ڵֱͣ£漴͵һʱצַ̽˺ѹȥ
ַһէ֣֮ը죬̼䣬Щצȫѡ
¡¡֮Уֲƴѹ£Ҫַѹ顣
ɲǻߣַһ֮ɲǷȺֻ֮гһĹնֱۡ
̶͡͡촫ֱ۱˺ѳһӣѪȣڵѪѪſҰԡ
ɫ԰ףĿеĿҰɱޱŨֱֻ͵һֲѪХ֮˵ֱ˲ָ糣
ѪڣѪХ֮ƺХȣԽԽȫȫҪûܣѪⲻͣת
𡭡ſ죬֮ϣƳһͷŭع·ɽϵıѵַַ֣һնŭ
һɹɿֲѪӶһѪɫΣҪַС
ɱַнâαնѣڵӰٴν٣ֱۿɱַ㣬ַĽŭնȴ˫ֽסֱ۱˺ѵ
𣡡
ľ޺ַ֮漴ڵںһֲѪɫ֮ͷַɶȥޱ߾޴Ҫַһ̵
꣬ѪУѪһͷţپڱꡣ
ɱַһ³˲ʣĿ֮⳯µɱȥ


1215 ն
͡͡ɫĿֲâҪûأ޾Ļ֮ͷţǵ֮챬ѣΪޡ
񣬳ڴɱȥ׵ɱֱӺϣľɫӲǿʢ
ܣŭһʱǰһŶܣһͷ֮ųֲĹâǵը촫ϣ赲ǣֲ÷ˣֱɿַ㣬ֳܣɫ΢Щ԰ףˡ
ǿȻƷʥô㱻նַͷϿգֻż̵ַɫɫѿ
ܵĳ֣֤ҲôģڱַնһֲķʥѾôֲˣͷʥѡ
ַֽУʱһɳַ֣֮Ų΢΢ض£ַֽ㣬ƣҪ
ʲôʥգҶҪն㡣ַɫ䣬һ趯׹âǺӵ£еһʱеƻ˹ǿֲĽâ
¡֮ϣ·ֻ֮оֱ΢飬Ȼһ̣һɾ֮֮ɱ͵һַֻӰ˸һɲǻߣ˲Ϣ٣һֻɲǼ䣬ҪնһС
̽꣬ӵͷɲǻߣִַǿʢ
𣡡ַһʱһӡɱһ֮£еһжҪ˺ѵ
ڵֱۻ֣֮ǽɱȥֱ˺ѵѪţȫ飬ǵֱֱۣ֮һֲѪۣĿģȴѪĻָ
ַʱȴڣɲ֮䣬֣ܱ֮ڼǿ״̬ܺƻһͷǵɲǻҲնƷʥ
һַնѪû꣬꣬һʱ޷ָ۷սһѪ֮⡣
ǣֲ׵ֻоһ׵͸ܣɱֲ׵ϣоԡ
Ѫ䣡ѪӸһޱȿֲѪֱȺֻڻһͷѪɫҡϣǰӸź˵Զַ㡣
䣡ΧȺŴ˿̵ڣһĲ壬ȻˣѪɫѪƾܽ˸ʴİ뵽֮
ʮûɱĻ̤ʮˣֲ̫ˡȺֻоһĲڣѾ˱һˣս죬ҲгַĿֲǰڣһҪַ
ʮ˵λҪŲһˣսˣʸȥʮս
ַ岻µģСϣСԶյС͸Žŵɫ
µģⲻ⻯ġҶѩȻ˽һЩ⻯
ʱΪǰַ㣬ĵһ㻯Ϊһ̲Ѫˮҵ嵱У
ַбڵϣ̧ͷе֮Ӱ漴ĳǰȥ
ȺǱӰһɹ¼֮⣬ȴ֮ǣһҪն
䣬Ѫɫַ㣬ַеһĨصƽоһӣƺе䡣
ѪɰںϣǿҲҪ㻯ҵѪСڱ˵漴ŭ𣬳ַȥһ̣Ѫɫ⻪ŶַϿգգҪַûѪС
ûˣҸܵ˿ֲѪȺͷѪ⽫ַû˿ֻ̣޾Ѫ⣬ȴַӰ
ַǰеĽŲ΢΢ͣ£΢΢̧ͷһĿ⵱кֲ̺âҪգ˫֮۶оһʹ
һὫԴģڱ³һѪַ㡣
𣡡ַ૵һ漴͵Ľڵϣ³һ֮ı
̼͡͡䣬ըѣһɿֲӣŰ׵ԼĻ֮뵽УŰ˷ɱȥΧһУҪն
ͣѪⲻϵı˺ѿ˫ӵ¶һ˿ʹɫıⱩŰΪ˵Ŀ񱩣˺İ
ȥŭгһž޴ѪڣַȴַɫƽһεĿֲӶڸܵһǿҵĲ֮С
ַ³һյӣ˷һƬչĻУһĻ˫һַ㣬Ȼ˷棬ѵôնɱԼ

³һȴַٶ³֣Ѫ䣡
һ̣ڸоһ֮Ѫܵ䣬ڽĸɺԣʴûַƣͷſֲĻıԶֹټѪ֮䣬Ѫɫһı˺ѵ
𡭡ڵĲôᣬַôѪ䣬ѪҲҪַѪַ㣬ȴѪɱԼڽ߽⣬ѺԽԽֲʱܳ׵
ַ̧ͷĿƽŤ˫·ܹԷе뷨ĵͨǿĹóģԶֹ
˵̤֮ʱն֮գ
ַ㻰£һ֣նȥ
˻һĽâһУ¡һµľ֮ڵԴƶѪӿַڿգҪڳ׵Ľڣͱɡ
͡Ȼڴ˿̣֮׵ü֮һĿĹâƿռ䣬ַԴȥַɫ͵һƮˡ
ڣһüĴâţ漴ַֻоһɿֲײڹ֮ϣҪڶ
䣡һοµײڲȣˣԿֲ֮Уͷ֣ҪĨɱ
ɣ
ַоݣ񱤣˱ɵֶΣǿϣڣڲ֮أ


1216 ն
ֲַܿǿʢڣɱͬģսһԽս⣬˿̣ڶȹ̣ɼǵڵжǿڣѾĨɱˡ
ˣַ廯һ磬ٵĺˣȥڷأüС
ٲջأڷֲҪǿµ
飬ɡ
ֻǣ䱻ַӲĺ˱壬ڵϣѪǧٿף㱻׵˺ѵԵøֲ
ڰˣ
ɫһңǳֽӰʤˣַ㣬նԯٰ֮ڣ֮󣬱ûаܼûܹ赲ǰеĽŲڣҲС

Ⱥַֻ㣬ʮĨɱڣҲͬ𺳣Ϊ壬ַ֮أؾȴսڣַھһҲ̤ߣʣ˭
ĳԣڣַ֮һ޴ĺ蹵仰˵Ǿͬ˵ʵһϣвٹַ꣬㽣ͬ˭棿ſڤУ칬ᣡ
ȻܣַƺûնƺӶݰ㣬ֻһֻɫצַɱɫצͷ貽âʵ飬ַ㡣
ַһȻȴצһ˲ܹٶɱַüģ쵽ȺĿⶼ޷ϡ
ǡ
ȺɫһⲻǹǹĻַĽѾնȥˣܻܣٶǰĿֲ
ôǡΪʵʵ
񱤣ɣȺ˲˷ʲôⲻڵڼ㾳ַһЩԸַ㣬ַնĸ죬ԣȻǿߵһλǿߣУڲܣңҪɱַ㡣
ٶֲ̫ˣһ˲ϢַǰַƴȻȴ޷赲ǵֱӴ͸ַüġ
ڷ񹥻ַ彩Ӳ¡¡첻ϣƴǵ飬ؽԷȫĨӶնɱ
ȺһĻĿ⽩Ӳ񱤣Ҫڣնַ㣬ֱɵֶγ֡
ˡˡһӰ˸̨˿˱ֶλվסһڿգֱɽ֮۶ȥ
Ϊ֮ˣааһɱֲ֮Ļ֮
Ȼͬʱ񱤵ǿҲˣ͵Ľǽڰ֮С
аһȡһöӡǣҪ飬еһҲⷽԲ֮أƳһĻеһжаӡǣҪ֪ͨҲҪȵĻܸܵ
ƶʵڿȥһϮ۵ĵʿշַķ˸ȥٶȿ磬ڴսɽѣɳʿδͷ̤ȻڴʱȻתһָâ֣Է嵱С
˲Ϣ¡ڣһɿµȼȫֵȻʱ̨ǿһӡ£ֱӽԴˣᡣ
𣡡ʿշɷǣƮȻǰʲô鶼ûз㣬ȴ̨ǳ鴤£һǸ˰
һߣڵҲ˳飬ΪԼˣȴû뵽ʿй֮޲˲
ԼĻ˵ǱǣۺεݣЩСõźսʹСֶαǡ
ɺЦЦݴʧȻġ
񱤣Ȼûˣ̨֮ʱֽһҪˣ૵һľս˰˻Ŀ⣬ȴʱˣֶΣϼѾսܣսܣ˱ڣ˳Ĩɱַ㣬񱤣ȱ˲ˣҲţŻôûף
һɽ֮ϣ˪ĵҡϣַ̤֮ȥ˿̣Χ࿴Χ۵˾ַȥЩˣܿǶ񱤵ˣҪնַ㡣
ʱַѾϥ£еȫʶУڹ⻪ţǧ˿֮ػǣǵֲצϵĺַڣںƶҪѷ죬ȴϵĳţڱıԵۣΡ봣㲻
֪ϹڣϦǺ꣡
ַ㶯޾ĲлֲڵѺۣ籩꣬ҷƮҡпȻ
ַ˿ил棬ϲĴԼڵ۳ΪĹڣȹޱߣ¾ƾԷĿֲѾնˡ
һˣܿн侳ǿߣǸ߽ףΪһĨɱȴδ뵽ڵֱڻȻҲȲˣĺڣַԴ·ʱܱ鱻Ĩɱ
һɿֲΣͻأĴ̤ɽ۷壬ֱַ㣬Ҫַն
ȻڴʱҲˣһϮƮƮ߽ס
ɱ͵ĳɱȥŮӲ̤䣬
Ʈʵ޻һɱһ¹ҫڶԷϣʱ߸оޱȽӲ嶳ᣬº˪
һ䡢⾳ҪĨһУɫȻ̤𾳽֮߰ãȴֻһ嶼ᣬ̹ǣѪҪֹͣ漴ֿһ֮⣬һ´նɱ£漴壬׵ĽӲü֮Ѫʡ
һ
ԶȺͷһЩ֪ĵˣ˵ĸ߲ðɣ׾նˣ
ģģпֲʣ֮ǹ֮ʱˣȺаԲ²⣬ĿᶨľҪˣȻǰַղ񱤵ıֶ֮£


1217 
ɽ۵Χǿֱ֣߳ɽ֮۶ȥһĻܹ֮һôô񱤵ǿߣ
֮£Щ
赲ַǰͼλǿߴսͬʱһϮշҲˣŮӣҪĨɱҪǵһػ
˵գַǰü֮һĨɫĻ˲Ϣûַüģַ֮УʱצƺˣĺɱַڣȻ籩ĺȴػǣ
һĨɫĻ潵٣ƴһ
С쵰֪л˰ɣǱڣѾǸˣȺ쵰ºְһƺ죬ַĳ嶯
ɫĻ潫ַ漴һƻͻأӿַ֣еÿһطצ֮ϣҲȼ˻档
˭һһţƺŭ
ΰ׵ۣŵ˵ַԡ
¡צȫǿֲɫ棬ȼҪͻΧȴεķˡ
֪˱۵㻹뿪档Ϸʵ˵һǷֻģŻȥҲὫ﷢һдȥֻҪֻ׵Ĩ˶﷢һУ֪˿ǶڵģĨǽһƶ
㲢̨֮ˣ֮£֮ءдޱȱȴдЦڱǰҲҳ𣬿Цɣ
䣡ֲĻգһҽ֮Ĩĺܲң
ˣһצױĨҷаݰһλ߽ߵϣַԼֱǱֻ֣֮һҲֵܵסԷĿֲ
ⲻԳ۵Ӣ𣡡أе⣬Ȼ֪ʱıλΧˣ̨ǿҲͻȻӿֵΧɱЩ˵ǿǿҲ켣Ⱥ֮кԹһۣû˵ע⡣
ַ㡢滹ǿս֮ʱһӰȻɽ֮ϣĿע⣬Ϊˣǳںַ㣬ǰ˻ľʮ֮һ󣬰䡣
Ȼ˼Ȳ񱤵ˣҲ̨֮ˣ֮ˣ˿̣ȥʲô֣
ڡĿⶼעŰ䣬ͬΪʮ̤ɽۣ֮Ȼ⡣
ʱֻǳеߵߣģû赲˶ڴսڣڻָƣ屻ַն˲֪ٽѪ䣬
â˸ڰУһޱȡ˸Ľ
Ҫʲô
һĻȺͷݺݵĲ£䣬ˡ˿̣Ȼֽվǰ
ƺǸܵʲô˵ڻȻ漴㿴ǱˮĽ
䣡ֻǴһĨǳǳЦ⣬ɱ֮Ца졣
񱤺֮䣬δĵزɣҪս𣡡ŭ˵ȴâ˸Ľڵĺ˵Ķ͵һһĻǸоҪֹͣ
ǡҪİ䣬ʱնڣ
͡һĨõѪŶôޣϰǵǳЦԵޱ죬ڵԴնף
˻һĻ˵һû뵽ջôʣң龹˹ķչţַսڣȴе׷ɱ񱤺̨֮˴ս漴̤֮ɽۣ֮ڵԴ
񱤵壬һֻʽ
񱤵Ҳסˣû뵽ڣֶҲڱնûбסİնˡ
ȻսսƷڵԼָˣ漴Ŀ⿴ַ棬ʱַպĨɱǿߵеĿϡ
䣬ַҲնɣ
ȺͷһҪʲôնڣնַ㣿
͡Ľˣ쵽ͬһ绮񷣬ɱַ㣬ͬ˲²ն֮Ҫնַ㣡
ˡǷ
ַ³һʱһ棬䣬䣬ȻҪɱ
͸Ҳסˣиоǳ֣̫Ѱˡ
գеĽٲն貣ȴƽȫһ㣬ռ䣬һѷ֣漴߽⣬ֽɴǳЦ
ַ˿ͻȻԤ߶԰Ԥԣµ˼ԹȴӲҪ䣬λʣҲ˵츳͵ʱȺ˶ԣ̫ǿģһ㡣
֮󣬰ɺЦַֽ㣬³һĮã
£ƺձãַ㷢֣ͬһƬռ֮УˣʧˣҲߡ
Ȼ䣬ɱڣҪնɱ
ַǣȻûбһĨĨɱܴղЩоԴҡΣ걻ҡ
ȴû뵽˿̰侹Ȼɱ
ɱ³һɱַָ֮
͡ڽŵͬʱü֮ӿһ貵ɱСֱַ֪ղַܴҪַѩϼ˪߳նַ
ٶţػüģɱС֮ϣַодһɿµɱ֮䣬ɱ֮СһУޱȣַ㱾ҡҡ׹ǺݺݵĲţҪ㣬ͬʱеҲˣ˽ɫ


1218 ն
Ľܿ죬ңһ̵ַһԼһ֮һǿҵĴҪֿ⽣նɱ
ûо֮ȴַ֮С
ɱַҧˣ貵׵ĲưĽĻ֮峯ŰӿȥҪԷ
ˣ
ͻأ䣬ƻһ磬翣ҡڲٶȿ쵽˼ĵزַ㿿
ַĸоڶԷʱ򣬽ев࣬Ҳû貵Ľâֱ˿˿аЦһɴ̶һ֮ͬǳâҫۣһΨп죬˼Ŀ졣
ΣٶȽ٣ϮַǣͬʱԺаǰڷĽɱɱ
ɱ֣
ַһһٶ߱ͬɱֵĴӿֳһ룬䣬߱ͬ˵ˣ
ˣʲô߱ͬܲǻ£µǣ䣬ֻ߱ͬ˼һöӣĳΪһҪ֮һˣհƿô󣬽Ҫ߱ͬУ
ңֻһöӣôеӵأǿأ᲻Ҳ߱ͬ˵ˣ
˵߱ͬѾ伣꣬գǷѾ˰˻ľĸУ
ɱַͻȻ뵽֮ĵɱ˵ʵֲܿ²ȷ߱ͬйأмĿܣɱ֮һֻǲ֪ǵڼɱ
˻ľʮ߱ͬ˵ɱɱǵ𼶵ĻУûУ
һе뷨ַֻԺй£漴ûʱȥô֮࣬ɱҪ
ɲ㣡ַһͻأʧյУĽɱȴ˿մַѾڡ
֮ǵõĿռɲǿռ䳤еַͨ㼴Ҳֻһ˲յУɱһܿ죬ٶȳ֣ȻһɿֲĻĵϢͻأĳŰȥ޿ɱܡ
ɱַгһɱ⣬֮Я׻һͷţȻͬʱȫ貵Ľɫһ֮ףĶĿ򻯰塢ûǧ
͡ɫ׶˺ѻĺˣƶҪá
⣡һĴ˿֮ԼӱⶳᣬɨַһۣȻûɱַ㡣
¡þڱѵðɫ΢΢һƵĺÿ죬ղųʵ˲Ϣ򣬻þͱ˸ƽˣַ㣬ɱˡ
һȻջأ廯һӰַֻռ䴦ּӰӣֱĶȥ
СģַһʱĻһλߣʱ侹ȻͻϮɱȥ
ɱ֡ɱֶ֤ΣֻɱﵽĿģնɱڱԿѾʧȥսȴʮ֮һնɱ˿û⣬ǳϵĽڵԴɱΨһĿģҲĵ
ɱƺǳϰ䣬ֲĹĵסҪڽӡ
Ȼڴ˿ֻ̣ĸû㣬ֱӲŶԷֲһͬʱ弸˶Էϡ
ֲ͡ɱ֮͸ĵ壬ǰǿһ͸öԷɫӲĿ⺧ȻĿģһ֮⣬ꡣ
ޱ飬һƺɱڶԷԴϣĨɱ
ҲһĻǳȣģȻֲɱ֮ɱȻȴоԼĽƱסˣ֮ϣĵȻתγԼϵİضϽգһ»֮⣬֮衢֮ˣһɻ壬ǻûɽɫһѪۣͬʱһɿֲΣдðɫ΢΢һ
ˣ磬ڿնȻжҪն
ܼףƻӶǰƳһܼףаͼ޼᲻ݵ֮棬ܼױѣƮȻˣͬʱĮĺһߣ
Ļ£̼Ӱڿն𣬻䣬һ˸뿪磬һĻɫһˣ
Щع̨˾ַ㣬ǻΪ񱤵ˣû뵽ǰˡ
úݣ䣬ϢĨɱڣȻҪַ
ʱһɽ֮ϣĿһУ¶ɫ֮£̫ʡ⣬Щˣˣͬʱ̨񱤣
ԣǼһĨܹɱַĻֻҪס̨ˣַٷż̨ǿ߹ɽۣڣҲȫԲҪˣ񱤺̨ޱɶ֡
ͻȻ뵽һֿܣͨŵʹ˫ƴһĨûĨɱַ㣬ΪΰԳ֣ǵ񱤺̨
ȻʵҲҪɵ̫࣬Ϊ̨񱤱ѾƳˮ𣬲֣ΪУվǲõģ䣬ʲô
ǻþзһĻ֪Ҳ߱ͬ˵ˣһУܹͨˡ
񱤺̨˶û׷ˣ̨˶ַߣͻɱ֣񱤣Ŀ䣬ڵϵʬ壬ڽؾпޣõɱ䣬ң񱤻һλǿ߽ü֮УΪ˱ڣɱնЩնˡ
ߣ񱤵ǿ½˸뿪ûڵʬ壬һˣѾûˣϻ˴Ĵַۣ㣬úõĻš
ַĵߣҪķסȴ΢΢һĿ͸һĨ֮⣬оİƲʶ˰ɣ
ģʥˮַ㽫۵µ֮ˮݸġ
ˡĵҡҡͷ˸ȻҪ뿪˿ڱԪס
ַɫһΪͻƣѾ䣬˶ڲ²йʲôɱ䣬ҲܵϵĮƻһˣҪǼ飬նϡն飡
λʦֶȥɣҲ£ַԴЩѣΣڿգ׷ȥһҪŪϵ׷ʲô飬Ϊɱ䣬ʵͻȻǿȴôĮ
ڰ䣬ַУѾˣն


1219 ǧ׷ɱ
ˣܿ죬Χ˶½뿪ˡ
̨֮˸ȥƺַΣգʵľʦϵбʣãûǰʦƺ״еСʦܸš
£ַ̨ھսɽ˻Ľ֪ȴֶΣҪиģνҪʦˣǣΪҲ
񱤡̨󣬱ĺģǲƽˡɺЦ漴Ӱ˸ʧɽ񱤺ΪѾ̨㹻Ľڿսˣ߽䶼Уڣֻʣû㣬Ǹǿ籩ꡣ
СϣЩӰңԶӰȥСദ꣬񱤵һ츳ǿߣ˰㣬ˡ
ϢĺͱģҪˣַھս֮ʱڣȴǿ߰㣬񱤵˳֣ҪĨɱַ㣬֣ն׼ɱַ㣬𾪣Ҫʲô
漴˴ϢϼģȻ֮鹦𾪣ѵĵйأ
ȻȺ룬䣬Ӵ˰˻ľҲһǣģȴһ
һˣȻǻڵַ㣬ԱֶΣǱֲַ֣Ѿնˡ
һˣģ˶ϣܵһɿֲǱһ겻ʱ䣬ߣЩΪٶȻҪֲ֮ٶҲѸͲŶԡ
ʱΪˣһߵɽ֮У˻ľ޾һЩ嫳ǳ֮⣬㶼ǻߴأС򡢴䡢ɽɭַ֮׷ļ죬ڿֻͣǶ̤һ±Ͽʼˡ
ַϥԣʼһش⼸һֱܲ
һƽɫ˿߲ϵĴڣ֮ȹ̣һ֮״ͬʱķȫڵڲ죬̻Ÿޱȵ·Ⲣһ͵飬Ҫߵľ磬ܽڳ׵ƣַ㵹ǲĹֶǿҪ̫ǿܹǿ߹ˣڱǿĨɱ
ȵˣǿһŭ𣬾ܽѵ֪ôġ
֪УַĴ֮С
¹£ӳĵϣǴżľϵϢƸǿˡ
͡һϢĵӶɱ֮һ˿ڲ޴󰭣־磬˿ڸ޹ؽҪǣеɱ֮ʴ壬ǵʱסǱɱ֮ŰһҪˡˡ
Ǹܵɱַ֮¹£ǰվһۣͣ£ƺЩ
׷ʲô£ַĽŲĻȥ
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ûʲôΪĮ
ַǰߵԶ
йϵ𣿡Ļعͷַ֮䣬ƺûйϵɣӣԼϼǧ׼ҵС檣֮ˣ
ַĵʣɫ΢΢һʱģ̫İˣƺһ˰㡣
ˣΪɽҪַ֡ʵ
֮սϾΪң֮飬նһ飬ȻҪնĹϸ𣬲Ƿ飬㲻ظң߰ɣҲڿˣ
ĵĮȻûаתء
ַ㿴ǹİ֮ԽԽǿңվ̾Ϣһأ
˵գһ޽ַ֣ƿնȥֻתۼʧҹ֮С
ĿַӰ뿪ڣ۽ǣȴۣЩʹĺΪʲôΪʲôҪѡң
ֶˣˣӣҲֹһλֻǽ㵱ӵѣңԼҲۿһλӵĸ飬û㡣ҹ֮Уħ㣬һֱĵ
ѣҲţûңôɱңնԯսڡ
ߣڳˣ㣬ղű㲻Ϊļ仰뿪
ô˵Ҹ㣬ҷŲ£ûңԣҲ޳ɣҪ˵
ˣ㲻ұֽ֣նɱסʱ򣬱ģɱӦףҪɱĻһġ
еĻһƺ뵽ʲô徹־΢΢˿̵û˰Įֻʧ֮⣬޾Ů
ڵϣĽԴ˫ϥ֮䣬ʹĿţΪʲôΪла룬鹦Į顣
ҵĴַ㣬ǿһʣұ㲻ᱻ֮룬鹦ΪʲôΪʲôҪңĹ¶ڻҰĬĬ˺ѷ֮С
°ɣ׿һУҵָΪǿߣ¡˻Ϊ𣡡͸ŨŨջ֮
û飬Ȼ޳ɾΣ˻Ϊʲô塣૵ʧǣһĨԾͷ
ڴʱĵ建վĿ͸һĨ⣺˭˵û壬޳ɴ˻ΪҿΪնһеˡ
ԣұ֮Ϊ̾һƬ̹;նĵˡ
˵գĵ˸ڿն𣬳սȥ֪١
֮֮شϢͽһ֮ʮ˱նȴδ̫ҡϾͽĦǵǿ߱ȺĨɱҲʲôϡ֮¡
Ȼ֮Ϣ񱤵ͽնˣƫߡ
ʮ֮ٴϢЩʮλͽĨɱһΣڰ˻ľͶȥĿ⣬˭˸֮
̨ô
ʮٴϢһȴ޹أȴϵĵһ
ź󱲣ʮ֮һİ䣬һŮ׷ɱ˫սһսңжԷȴδһͷֱ۱նһʱ𾪣ʮ֮һİ䣬նһۡ
ú󣬼˸ܿϢ䱻׷ɱŮӲƣϧһҪնһ·׷ɱлĵޱȣĸŮִţزϧһжҪɱ䣡


1220 л
лģĴųǵΧ֮УһӰ֣һǲˣһֻһˣһŮӣȾѪ
ģһȥһλ궢ģڵ׷գｫס
΢΢ҡҡͷףȥɣѾԭң͵ûŮ
⵽ôˣɫ͸һĨŭɫǰŮӺİİϵá
նһ飬ӽϵɫȻ֪֮ޱ߰Եһ죬޳ģն飬֪ԼǷ߱ն飬£ԣҪҡ
һնҵĹϵڳӲ˾Ҫô˽죬ѵҪΪ㳥ծɡ껱ĺһĵ
һһ֮ɫ껣껸оֳǵĺ⡣
㿴ŮЩ߳ŭԵĸ׵
͡â˸ƻӶֻо׹֮У޷ҡһԲ£֣̣޷漴һĨ»һ֮ն䣬껵壬üѪг޾־塣
ˡĵ廯һĨ¹⣬նȥһ֮ӶȺ֣һ̣Ⱥȥ׷űĿ־֮⡣
عͷǿ껣ֻ껵建ĵ£նɱ
նһ飬ֻն֤껣ʲôնüͷ塣

ģ̨֮ϣٵ̨֮ϣǶδֻ̨̤ıĿνড
񱤶̶ʮʱ䱻նʮλͽ̨޹صģֻ̨֮Լ֪ǻδ֣ƺն֮Ը
̨λͽʧ٣˵Ǳ񱤵ɱ
ٺаʦһ˶նʮλͽһΣ˳նɱ˱ĺģ̨񱤿νˮݣԷˣնɣѾƻ˹أ̨Բ飬̨֮˶߶ˡ
ͲʱûԳˣسţɲֵģĻǱҪˡ
սȥԿֻ񱤣̨ͽԶûǶ࣬ʵļλ״ӣһǾžޣɱףҪɱȴ졣
ɲһ񱤿ʼֶˣǿ϶Ÿǿ֮˵ӡǣһ񱤵ĸ߽֮˻ή٣Դɱλʦ֣ԻСΪ
̨ϵͽأ̸ľƣЩǣ̨񱤿սĹϵҲ΢粽а
񱤵ʷ̨ƾ࣬Զǵλʦ̨ϣǵǿȴ̨ܱģôǿ˿ڸ߽侳ֻ޷֤ɻʣ˶ࡢ̨ʦǱ󣬵ȵľʦֺͺʦֳɻʣȥ
ٺ٣ʦ֣аʦԼַʦ֣ЩǼ츳֮ˣַʦǰʱձǿ̤죬Ϊ״ӣɽսڣ˻ĿµǲҪˣʱѾˣַʦֲֻؾ츳ɻʶѡ
ˣģ˵Ϊַʦֶǧ׷ɱ䣬ÿֲʮնһۣһҪݵĲ·
ϣַӻþ֮Ŀռ仺˳£Žңлķ
飬ΪնʮλͽΪβϧһдǧ׷ɱ䡣ַһҹĵĮĻ
˻֮أл𣬴Ψܹ֮Ტۣһлģǻ죬ն˰䡣ַȻп߱ͬɱ֮һ嫵лģ˭֪жڣһһֻһ̫Σˡ
հڻþж֣û˿˵߱ͬ˵ˣҲûŵġ
߱ͬˣ˻ˣҪնɱһпܳɻʵһҪ˻ľȷѪ
лģַŲһ磬̤գ޽ƿռȥҪлġ
̨֮΢΢̧ͷȥַӰи̾еʱ˵Ŀⶼַ㣬񱤿·ǳҪַַ̤ȥ
֮лĴų֮һǳشϢ֮֮Į飬׷ɱ䣬̤ųǣ˵һΰܿܲڼܣҪųľսʮ֮һİ䱻ȵǱһΣֻܻһˡ
Ϣ֮лĲ˿ʼǰųǣĴųǵȺĺͰȤ˶ݵʱͻȻǿ׷ɱʮ֮һİ䣬˵ĸо𺳵ģ޵֮вٴܸȤ
˲²⣬ĺܿſֲĹž飬ǿֲǿ
žָǼµĹǵõ㲻Լ޵ĹӵĪĺôʣȤ
ų֮УмӰ˸̤ųǣЩ˾Ƕ֮ˣΪ֮ˣȻʮ֮һʥԣǰ˻ľĴŮ֮һ뽿֮֮Դ뽿ԴӰ˻ľĴŮгˣַ̨ӣȡ֮
ڴˣ뽿Ĭû˵ʲô֪ǧԸ񣬶ǷǳģĽصַӵķ粨δȥһŮ˲Ŀǣģ
˵ܹȢΪޣ±Ȣҵ뽿ҪԺɣѾʸΪ֮ķͷǹ뽿


1221 ųǴɱ
˶ҵǿ̤ų֮⣬лĴųǵǳصҲˡ
˾˫죬ɲ⣬ųǵĴ֮ϣŲ˸š
˾ռ˾ôˣ߾зǳǿߡϳ˾ɵɻ˵
㲻֪ˣ̤ųǵģǲ˾ռô򵥡
˻ѵΪʼ̫үĴ٣
ҡҡͷЦŵ̫ˣʼ̫үĴ٣ֻ»Щ̤ʼһڣѵ˲ǰʼҷһɿֲղ
ɫһӲ˵󣿡
˵˿ֲղ㴫͵ʮҲ㹻ˡ
˾⣬ޱŽҲ̤ųǵС
⣬칬已Լң֮ˣҲˣųǵУлǿߡ
лĴųǣ֪жôңԶʷÿһųǶһΪ˴еĹȥǡ콣ʣû䣬ңڶȡ˰λΪڶ̧ͷڽ̻ڣңҲ޷֮û
ңڣʵҲвٵĻ⣬ʥݵĿֲңۣޱǿ֪ʲôֲĴڣЩ뿪ʥݣ˰˻ľлĵ򣬽ڽǣмصϢһֱڴల£ΨнѹȵôϾͬһǡ
ųǣҲĹȥ󣬾ųϹŴıӵпֲ޾ֻҪ꣬Խ˴͵½κһ䣬ǰʱգΪųǣһɿµչųǶܵǹȵȻ޷
޶ͷλĴ͹Ƿǳµģ봫͵ı㴫͵ģȻĺ֮׵ɱ¾֮ӵеĶλҪֲˣֻܶһȥκεطʱղͬǿֲġ
˶ڲ²⣬ʼҷǽǿߴݵȥˣȻҪ˿ֲղ
һ£ȴзǳˬǰϢ˵䲻ڶģսųУǣսȴٳδ˵ǰһֱܶսɶģ˰ʮǷЩ˵ˡ
䵹һ㲻⣬伣˰㣬ǲǹųϢģʵѾųˡ
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͡һ貵ĹâţһΣһУߵâͬʱţߴλַɱһΣַ·
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壡


1222 ս
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ַ㣬գô֮Уһǿעַ㣬Ŀɱ˸ԶȺɫһ
ַ㣬ԭַ㣡
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£֮Ʊַ֮㣬ȴ·ġ

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λߣնˣԶȺͷ˵һܹһȭɽǿߣȻֻɲ֮䣬˲Ϣ򣬱ַնˡ
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Ⱥоַľսжֲ
Ⱥӽиܰ壬мְѾ˶ذɣĽͷŵģǶеĹں˶ְֲ̫ˣǱնУֻ·һûôֲ


1223 
񱤵սһĲƬ֮䣬նˣһߵΣ֮УȻܹռŲƣȻݣǿ߶Ծһľ룬Ҳܾ
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֧ʸĿ貣ַһ亮âͬʱЩɫоһɿֲΣҪ͸
ŭȣ˲Ϣ۷ȻַļʸҲͬʱţռ䲨ֻɲǼ䣬Щַֻм֮ңոճܹӵõ͵ı촫ЩǿɫȻ˫飬ռʸһ·ǵüģǵ񺣶͸ˣһȫɱ
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ŹƷʥˣǼʸ֮У˶ְ˾̾˵ַ㣬ƿ˶ְ壿
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ʱַ㣬Լպ֮ȡսƷǵĴָȫսˣʮλߵļҵҪѩ¹ѩ¹һˣӵе֮ͨ¶ѩ¹֮˸ġ
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ÿֲսѹ׷ɱʮ֮һİ䶼·Ⱥпǧԡ
ַҲǳ𺳣ֲѪֲ꣬Ĺɱ֮ϵ·ѪĹһ壬ģΪͻȻôֲˣɱ䣬ѵǾʵľѣ
⣬һжǰΪĻַЩģ˴ų֮Уǲˣܹõ׻жǿѾλصǿߣн䣬ܲܶã
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1224 
ĽЩ˵նɱعͷַ㿴һۣȴޱ飬ǳĬȻƲʶַ㡣
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ֻѡһϾ徲ԺסԺĴϣַ㰲ĸ
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ַ㣬ſҺ𣡡ĽĿַ㣬ȴַ΢΢ȥ¶ˮļ޹ǣַĸţĿȴȻĵ۾
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䣡һı֮ĵͷţַñ̹ǣѪҺҪ˿ĵĿ⿴ʱĿȴñİ
Σգַ͵һŲ淭ǵ촫Ŵ˺ѵ÷飬ĵվ͵ĳַɱȥһֲֿ¹⽵ַϣ嶳ס˵ľ棬ȫ෴˹
ַȭͷ͵ĺɱǵ촫һַڣǡ
㲻Ҫɱ𣡡ֻĵ³һһĨЦݣƼȻģЦݣַȴԵøа죬ĵʣ׵ıˣһǿߣƿһУȻһЦ٬Ϸʡ顣
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ַ㣬ңǷҵƷ̧ͷĿԹĿַ㣬Ҫ飬ĽŲĳַ˹ȥ
ַ֣Ȼڴ˿̣һɽַ嶳֮⽵ַϣΨĮַ壬׵Ľ
һ貵¹ŶҪַնӱ䡣
ұԾһͻأĴĵ³ƺìܣƣȴͣûն¡
㲻ģַɫӲΪλôģһĮ飬һȴΪ


1225 ׵۵
ԼвԼһ³Ƕʵ˵
ΣҾ㣬Ǵ˿̣ǽɱһԾһΣȴĵ
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Ӧĵģȴֻһ֮󣬱һĬ

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תӦػһŶԣô
ǰļأ濴ַ㣬ԴķʽڶԻ
ַɫһֻоһ⣬ȴ׵Цµģֻ˵˵ֻأȥ⣬ΪûûתһЩǿߣҲӵֶΣԼػһ
ַ㶢棬쵰Լ˿˵ڣһ֪ʲôȴ˵
˵Щ𣡡ַ㶢׵۵
ۿԸСˡ׵ЦĶַ
Ҫ
׵۵۾𣬴żа֮⣬ַа裬쵰ڴʲô⡣
֮ɹĹ칦ҲԿƣ׵Ц˵
ַ㷭˷ۣϲļһ
۸㣬֮£նһ飬ʱʵѾСˣһˣҪΨһֱ飬
칦θɡַ㰵һ
ٺ٣Ϊ칦ȽʺЦ˵ЦַȴǼȵңһﻹһֱۣţ̫ˡ
ۿǾ㣬ҪȽúֶΣʵʱһӣǱˣִƣҪҲ޷ɹ
׵аЦɣȴַԣϲ⡭
ȷûƭңַ۾ʵ
ʲôˣôۣƭ㡣׵ظ߰㡣
ַĿ˸ƺɲ֮ǰΪȳ˵࣬һЩǿӲֶΣַ㻹Щģ
ԾڴˣҪ̤ж䣬ҪԼҪն㣬֮ʱĪҪֱ۽ûи㵱ȥϢˡ
׵۰˵˲мɷ磬תһ𣬳ŷȥ
뷿У׵۵Ƕʱ¶һĨаЦݣԵø˿̵ʵЩڴڰֹţ˸ӣһǳȤɡԣǳȤ
ˣַһλǲҪȰַҲһӣ
Ȼַ㲢֪Щʲô˿̵ϣЩƵĿգҹĻִأ¹⽥Ȼַȴ˿ûиܵĸоֻǸо΢Щ⡣
һַ㿴ڸڵԺ䣬ҲһԺ֮У̧ͷյ£Ŀмã
˭ƺܵʲôһ䣬漴㿴ַӰ٣ɵ¶һĨЦ⣬£ˣʯ֮ϣ˿˿֮ȻһЦ¹ⶼʧȥɫʣַƺһҹʹеҶˣ̫ˣʹ˿̶ԣֱ˴ˡ
ˣַԣȻȴ΢ЩӲˣ


1226 Ĩɱ
̧ͷе£͸һĨΣֻŪˣҲûʲôãٴӽߵĵð˻˭޷赲ҵ֮·
ѣַ㿴ĵ飬޵а˻ģɲḡЦݡ
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οҪƭԼַ˵ץסĵַ֣еȴ޷ѵõҲַ㡣
ҴӦ㣬Ҫȥأôܹ޳ַƵı¶ȣ̧е£
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նʮλͽǧ׷ɱ䣡ַ㿴ģֻ΢΢ţͷƲҿַ۾
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ҵĵԼߣնУҵһգǰСַ˵ҲҪΪһֻҪˣ
ĵ˿˿ˮǱ˿վȥ֮⣬ޱᡣ
ַ˵ҲҪΪһֻҪˣ
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ַ§ӣס΢ĺ촽ĵ͵һ˫ڿУ֪
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ڵ״̬Ӧִ໥֣˭Ҳսʤ˭ǼһԼ飬ʵһִսʤִ
šĵ˵ͷڶһִѹƣãƲŽһִѹȥɫָ糣ַǳЦ£յѺᡣ
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ַ㣬ҪһҪֻȴô˵𣿡Ŀַ۾ƺԼͲ塣
סַͷĲǱᣬʵһֻӵ棬ַ㲻һںڵġ
ѹǻ쵰칦ҪֶζԿ
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ȷҪŪһĹַ㰵뵽ôۿıһʧڵҡ
Ժһֱһ𣡡ַƸĵỬգ˵ĵ˵ͷƶַƴӡ
˭ڴʱַ֮͵˳̽ȥ֮гһֻεĴ֣͵Ľһ˫֮ۿס
ſңһ֮һλŮӡ
˭Ϊοǣַʵ
ߣСҪָ̣ſңҲŮӵĽᣬַȵ
ַĴ͵ҪԷһ֮ĨɱΪҪ֮⣬׾֮¡
ҶҵһԹŮáǽɣǳİԵ
ߣַһ͵ԷֱĨɱԷȻֱ׳裬д
ջԺ䵱УһԺڴһҽһλŮʹȻĨɱ֮
С㣡һӰ˸Ժ䵱УЩ˶ǷǷǿߣӵ侳硣
ô£ֻһ̤ߵŮߣʵ
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ַ㣡
ʥɫ΢֣Ƿǳ˻ľ²֪˺ˣкѾַ㲢ʮ֮Уʮ˭Ҫ̭˱˵ʥҪ̭
úϢʼ̫үٳ֮˵ʥתȥһâ


1227 Ըַ
ʥһԺ䣬λ߸š
үΪַ𣿡һ˿˵
ʥعͷǵ˴ǰųǣҪΪŪʼΪζųǣҲ¶ˣַԤҲǳ۵ͷϣȥ̽һ
үֻ̽𣿡һλʵ
̫ĻĨǣɾ㣡ʥ˵գһ䷿ȥû֮ǰʲô㣬ʥɶԤߵԤԹڻţʥΪʮе׵Ĵڡ
ַ㣬ĨɱĪΪԤߵԤԣڰ˻̫ˡ
ַ㱳̨ͽʥĵǹĨ
뽿δַ̫ĸţֱ׳ޱȣвĨûа֮⡣
ʱַİϣĵԴ΢΢ַļͷһͷգסͣΪ˲ִַֻ֮ΪһħŮ
ţڴʱַüͷһ¶˿˿âӶڿջϢ޷Щϰˣˡ
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䣡һεĲһĨȸղſӵǿˣַƾֱӱƺһɫ΢Щ԰ס
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δ𡢵δ𡭡Ų޴Ժ棬һϵӰǣַױˣǰػģǹַƺҲ˵һˣʹ
̽ңַЦɫӣ͵ĳŶһƼڹ֮ϣֻЩ顣
ѣַһţϵǼҡҡ׹ȻͬʱһɿֲЯ֮ѹٶޱߣͬʱԺ֮ǿϺͷţʱ׼֡
ȵջۣһޱ߾޴񴸣һƽɫ˿ߴ֮´䣬ޱȿµϢַĸܵԼͶԷвСĲࡣ
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ڣѿڶƷǳ죬ƺһģ૵֪ϹڡϦǺ꣡
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ˡһƿֲβԺеĸ¥ݻ٣ҷ𣬺һɿµӹ
ڲݣȴ˿ûбľ棬ַһ³һ֣
£ڹâţƹڵĴſޱȾ޴񴸾˲ϢڵУ漴ڱպϣ񴸱ڵС
飡ڵŭ𣬺ŹڲȻ澭ַǧһ·㶼ųֲĻ⣬񴸺ƱУ޷
ңдһҵ漴¡촫ֻһԵӰֱӴԺ䵱Уֱַڵķ
ȴĵ˸˵סĿĮ˾ȻһصǿߣϢȣַĮԼס֮ˣҲһλص֮ˣҪԸ
ɱ˻ƣΪؾλڵͽ۷壬ηһ֮ˣ͵һץһֲĿռ˺Ҫĵ˺ѣĸоԼƱһɿռסˡ
ֻûĿռ֣ᱻ˺ѷ顣
ռ壬ذַ磬ޱȣ侳սսѪս幥֮սʥɱ֮սǿ޵սǿȣַ㣬Ѿкṳְ̈ذ֮Խͷںϰ幥˼ƾصʵĨɱһһغͶ֮˶׾٣ǶԷУһУǿ󹥻Խ˺ѡ
ںְǿ󹥷ǱУһܹ˺ѣһַ˲ɱԷЩңЩ˾ͼ˲ϢĨɱȴ뱻һȫնǵ
ǰΪأƿؿռͨǸһƺƻûһռΣ͸ſֲĿռ˺
֣֮һƺƻϿֶµĿռ̽ȥʱռƺҪǹɱֶ֮ᣬ֮⻪ռ֡
ѣһռ˺֮ƣͬʱһ̤ռڣ˲ϢĵǰǰԵƣռ廯޴ӡµУֲ˺֮⣬˻˻˸оޱȴ̶
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䣡ԶһԺ䣬һɿֲϢ͵ڿգ޾ɱ߹صȻַסĹҪǰնַˣشǽǿµġ
ţܵϢԱԺе뽿ɫһͣôǸʥϢڸʲô
ʥͬһһʲôŪôĶѵַȣ
ͬʱǿͷŵĿֲϢԺˣʱһӰڿգҪʲô£


1228 ΪԼ˭
ַߵսڳֻԷֱƵַŭһʱкһռ֮Уֱַȥ
ˣַӰ˸ܿ촫ֲĿռ֮н˺ѿһµѷ죬Ŀġ
֮˵ǿ󹥻һӵпֲƻ
ģַܵһɿֲϢĵģᣬն
ãĮĻӦһ漴촫¹£ͬʱҶںƳһնȥ
𣡡ߣӰ˸ռ˺Ѵֽһֱ˺ѵȻֻ̼䣬ü¹ϣϿգ¹ϣһɿֲ֮⽵٣ʴ塣
ᣡ
³һһ½˵嶳סˣɵ¹֮С
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¶ϳʱ̾Ȼʵúֲܿ
ַ㣡ʱȺɫһַ㣬ԭַ㣡
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ַھսΪģ˹ϵУȻˡ
ԣڱĵ꣬赺ϣð䣬Ľϧ˿²н֡
۷׷ףڴʱԶһλǿߵӰҲˣɱַڵУϵıţ񺣶ǲʱܱһʹࡣ
ǿĨɱַĺַ˲Ĩɱͬ飬ɵɫѿޱȡ
¾ʹգΣ˿ַ˵òʾ
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˴ˣĪҪ̫ˣһƽѵַ㣬һӰ˸Ϊ֮ˣȻһʥ
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˲ɵЩڴܹײܹڵַ㣬ܷ񿹺ʮ֮һʥ
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ʥһϺһĿⶢַ㣬͸һĨ֮⡣
ˣڵʧԷ˲ʱɫһͣ̾һַ㻹ǲҶԿʥ̻Ͼַ䱻̨ʿأʥʵϵѪֱӶÿֲַȴ⶯̨
ַҲ֪ЩԲŲΥʥĻ˵ͷŰɣ
˴˿е뷨ڴʱһĿĹâںҹ貵Ļ⣬ҹ֮Уһ貵˿߽٣ն䡣
һҵĽȺģǵ˵
ַ㣬һնǿߵֱĨûκ顣
ǸղŻΪַͷŶԷȴû뵽ͷţֱĨɱһɴ䣬ն·
ȺĿ⽩ס˿̵ʥҲ£ƽĿⶢַ㣬Ⱥȴ·ܹܵһĨƽ̺Į
ַȻ˱ܵĺʥţ໥ӲĿһУ֪Լӵв츳ҲֻŬϵʵǿ֮·Ϊף츳ģӵкõ츳ͣߵһҪԼŬǿż͵֮ģԣһ·ܹѹȲɼǿŲ֮ĴδԳ֮ģ·;ն
ַ㲻ĿˡҲԷƱӲΪԼˣʥҲһʵϣһ·ѩ¹ڵİ˻ľһУȾ٣ټѵ·Ҳ߹δԼ¹
ڣվ̨ƿؽӵеȨȡ콣ַ֮ûηĵ뽿ӣߣ֮ʥǿԸסʥȴĿˣ
ΪԼ˭ַ㵭Į³֣һĨȻ֮⣬ˣЦҪսʱ㣡


1229 ߴ
ҹ¹˿˿⣬ջԺռ֮أַһ𣬺ͻأð
ңʮ֮һʥĿǶַˣ
ַӦģΨһԼһ֮ΪԼ˭
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һ֤ԤߵԤԣжô󣬵ûлῴ˵ˣʥַ˵ʹӺƷ֮Уַ㣬漴ת뿪Ժ䵱Уûﶯ֡
㶯ŭҲֵΣһУȵŪ֮£ᡣ
ЩˣעҪΪ̤ʯ뽿ĿⲻƵɨַ㣬ʥһ뿪ַ㣬һΪǿ;е̤ʯݺݵĲ̤ڽ£Ԥ߸ضԤԣΣĸʥʮ֮һҵδ֮һһַ̤ǰС
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˰̾һûмʥַ֮սоΪϧʮ֮һʥַײһǳȤɣʼ̫үٳ֮ǰǿˡ
УַղźǾ仰ʲô˼ĪԤߣʥԤԲôãȺַζĻ뵽ʥеĺ⣬ʱ֪Щʲôַ𲢷û׵ģҲԤ߶ַԤԣ㳬ԽʥԤԣ㲻иղǵĳˡ
֮뿪ʱҲ׷ȥַ˼УЩƣö˶ˣȴҲɧţҵˣδ̫Щȣȴһֱֱ׳в

֮ųͻأʼ̫үٳʼ̫үǿߣΪ۷䣬Ψһ֮ңһ֮ãһܵ죬ƫƫ޷ȥʼ̫үĸױǿҲﲻһҪԼ̤ȥҲֻԼܹ̤ȥ
һλǿ߶ԣǾ˵ģʵԣ˿ʼ̫үŭһеһλͬǾ֮ˣ̤Ͼѱʼңʼ̫үһƻףͬľ磬Ҳһ޷Խǵ蹵
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ַų֮У̸ʼ֮£ʼңҲ˴µ˽⣬֮ܶλлųǵʼңɲ⣬ĵ̣޿ɴȣңʼÿһƺûصʣ츳ǿÿ£ʮ֮һ裬û˵ʲôʣȺʮλУ裬ûбųǰ塣
ҲַʷǷݸɾݵµĴȣЦɱ衣
ʼңӵǿߣȻӵС磬ƽﲢС֮УԼʽųǣС磬±;
ַߵʱʼͥУַǷǰأʼҸ֮ۡ˷׷ӭʼҸۡ
ʼҸۡһؿͨƱõͬ»ᱻ벻ͬĵطϾ֮࣬ʲô˶ܹʼ̫үġ
ڣࡣʱַǰһԱʱǷַ߸һɫĽ֮⣬ɫѾܹڴˣڵˣǲһ
ַ̨㡢ġַǰ˵ʱһλ׼Ҳɫݸַ㡣
ȵȣһλ˽סȺɫһ漴ȴȡһֵݸַ˵λɽ
ţɫһߴһԣܽУһˣַĲᣬȻȨ
Ǳ赲˳£ƺ뵽ʲô漴ͷһЦַȥ
ַЦ£˵ڵֻڵţȴܽڣȻΪ̨ʵϣڣǱ̨ԷôȻΪ˵ַ֣㡢ģ
ĳԣҲζ֣ѾʼϿɣʮԴִ
ǽǰսģҲ鷳£ĵһʼ̫үٳȻǲµģ֪䵽Ϊ
ٿɣַظһûа䣬ҲһˣһЩʶʼ̫үٳӦûֲǿ߰ɣ


1230 ѵ
ַĴһԺ䣬ÿһԺжڷź˾ϯݲ̤ͬ벻ͬϯ
˻ľĴٳԲȥģȺѣĻ˭ֲ˭
ǿͣˣټʼңԲˣȻҲЩݵˣܴӴһ˱̤ʼңûҪˡ
ʼҲ׼˷ḻʢ磬ˮҺҲǴ֮ûһǷƷˮ̣ǡ
˲·ַĶ˲棬һƬ޴Ŀռ䣬ڷŰϯʢ磬С֣԰˻ľصߡ洦ɼ
ЩȺԼĽύȦӣ໥̸ۣҲڣ̸
ַ֡ĿɨȺһѪǿʢϢ񣬴˶ߣЩ㲻ߵˣҲвݡ
ЩǷڼǰһˣҪ̧ͷӣǸ߸ϡͬƶ˵ڣַյĵΣΨһ̾ޡͨǿ󣬶ıԼˣƶ˵ǿߣַѾƽʱǣȻĴԱߴš
ߣڴʱһַ֮Ŀ⳯ǰȥ漴㿴뽿ӰҲЩ˵Уλޣܹȥˣһ֮⣬ʮ뽿ʥͬУܹȥģҲֻʥһˣÿһ˶һȥĻɲôˡ
뽿ߣкüλ꣬˻ľĴŮ֮һǶҵǧߵĶȱߡ
ַֻƽĿ뽿һۣ㽫Ŀתֱˣǰȥ
˭ĺܡʱһϢǿ뽿
һļһԼһЩ츳ΪΪ֪Ҳ뽿ַķӦܲˬ˵
ҪҪҰѵһǹһĨаĻȣΪ̤֮󣬻û͹ͷǰΪǿůůӣܹǰһֶΪ
뽿£ųһЦĿ˸漴ܽѵҲԺص۲㡣
⻰ӿһĨʣȻ뽿νĹ۲Ǻ⣬ڶ۲ӱ뽿صĻԺͶң˲ǳĹϵһõһ˻ľĴŮ֮һ뽿£ʵںѵֵջ
ԼǵĻ΢΢һĨаĻȣѵһصˣѲһЩҲ̫ɡ
Ų̤赲סַǰеĵ·ַ濴һۣ漴Ĵƹʼңǿ棬һԲһͷ˲ԸԷһʶ
ַ㲻Ը£ȴԷҲһ룬׵ĽŲ΢΢ƶ£ɵַǰһĨĻȣַ㵭ĵʼ̫үٳҲҪԼķҪҴߴĵطЦụ̂ܽ
Ȼףǿġ
ַȻһ֮кһµĽâ̶ֱޱȣһ׵۾Ժ͵Ĳ£漴һɿֲѹ٣ַֻ͵ĳǰӡһ޴ޱȵħӡſֲԵ֮
ңһԵħ֮У̺ſµ׻֮óһϢĸоɫ˲Ϣ԰ס
䣡ֲϢţѪ죬ԿַѹȶµİԵӡ׻ȼ˿µĻ棬ֱֳַµĴӡ
ǣޱ߰ԵԴʥܻҸ׻˫ذħӡ֮£˲Ϣշѹ÷飬񱩵趯Ĺ֮ϴ׵屻ֲһֱѹ壬ſ˵ϣϵ߹ǣȫǱĺˮ
ղţַ֣ûˡ
ÿֲһƣ˭ΪأȴԾԵʵһ㽫׻ȺڸղŸܵϢʱ˹漴㿴ַһѹȶ£ԾԵѹףȺûп˵һ仰ΨаԵһơ
ǺֲܿһҪùˣϹֿǳĻ̣˴γ׿֮԰һȴһƸſ£ͷ˲֪٣Ϲֵķš
֪׵ݣʱΪǿֲ굣ǣǰûм֪һǿߣ˵Ҳǿĺ̨
ĳ̹ܽܽ㣡ַĮ˵һ漴һ߳ߵһԣȻԾԵİԵѹ
Ҫ˭ܽʱ֮ڣһĮ漴Ⱥֻһ˳ϵϢ󺣣ޱߣؾĳϹ֣ӵнʸ񣬸߽䣬ܳΪܹһΪ
үү״ӵɫޱ߷ߣ䣬ҪԾѹַ㣬ȴû뵽һγַ֣˲ʹһѵһƣſȥ
ûõĶۣϹһмֺɸֵζߣһصһĵôң̫ˣ⵱үүĶоˡ
Ϲ˵գĿ⿴ַ㣬䵭ĵղ˵ܽӣûãҲֲɡ
ַ㿴Ϲ֡ƽĵסȥ·Բѷȣҽѵкβɣ
ϹֺһѵҵֵõѵʲôҵҪĳ̹ܽܽ㣡
Ϲ˵ţŲ̤ÿһԽһȵѹַϣǿޱߣ
ַоϺѹżɽ壬ȴЦѹ
ҳܽңȷַ㵭Į˵һΪϲһ£Ҫǿľѹ
䣡ԵÿռޱȵĴƺַϣ͵촫ַĽŲڵϻһۼ
㳤û̹ǰ𣡡ϹվǺһΰľɽ𺳲ѣֿ̧ɽ壬ǿµġ
һתλʦ֣գӱһ£ǱҪʦѵңʦƽϣʦֵƢɲôãǵϴαתңңʮ
ַԳɽѹȴɰͷĮעųϹ֣͸һɰ
ַĻɫһַ˼ʦƺҲܹϹֿֻǴ˶û˵
ʦ֣ʮôĿΪ˭ϹȻ˵˿ƺҲףַûô򵥣һṳ̂ȥ
ľַ㵭³֣ȴóϹֵȻʦ֣ľ


1231 ľ֮
˻ľ̨ʺʯ֮ʱֻվŴӣ˲Ϊ⣬Ȼʮ󣬾Ŵ½ʱڱһƬ硣
λǰλӣľԼպУδ˵йܼսս޲ʤ
ԣպгգһơǱޱߣֻؽַ裬ֻأңľʲ˭棡
û֪ľļǣʲ˭Ļǿմľֻйһλݺ۷İ˰Ϲ𾪰˻ģʼ̫ү䣬ͨޱǿɱ۷֮ˣû˸˵սʤľ
ˣַ³ľֺ󣬿ռ˶ݵļžϹַʦΪԼ˭ַľ
ϹֽӲɫַЦҲ̾ڴʦֵǿֻ˵һ仰˷ӦаҲ˵˻ľֻҪʣûдʦֽ˵⣬ȻҲǶľֲʵϿɡ
ˣϹѹַ㣬Ʒѹ
̨ͽʵţȷҪ̡̹ܽܽϹֳĬƬּ֮˵һͽѣڰ˻ľͽ֮֮
ǸΪλʦʮһλ״ӣ˵Ҫλʦܽңλʦûǣľʦ֪ҪʦܽҵĻȻдһģʲôʸʦܽҡ
ַĮ˵ɫһ״ӣ˵ĻϹߵˣǳַܻ㣬̨޻˵ϹҪ̵ܽӣʵĵӣʸ̵ܽģϹֵĻѾǶʲľɱɶ㹻ˣ
ϹɫӲЩ²̨ʵΪ𣬵ǿ߶棬ַȱᣬַ֣ڴ̨Ŀ֮£Ǵ£޷ˡ
ҵ˭ԭַˣ֮У
ʱһˬʵֻһϮ£棬ַַ
ַ㣬ԭַ㣡Ȼѹˣ̨״ӣ뵽ַӦóΪ״˵ġ
ַ㣡ϹȻٹע֮£ַ֣Ҳ˵һƺ̨񱤿սΪӡ
뵽Ϲһݣ̨Ϊַ񱤿սɼַӡ
ַЦɨ˳Ϲһۣˣ˿ˡ
ĳ֣ȻΪ˴ξ棬óϹѿַȻҲʺ϶ֹơϾֻǽ裬ӵеʵʼңȻҪӡ
ɨ˳Ϲһַۣ賯ȥ뽿ɫÿóַģɱɱַַ㶪ȴû뵽ַһء
ʴ磬ʲô˶ܽȥģ԰ɣ뽿Ц˵Ŀɨַһۣһ˹ֻʥһ뽿ҲֻܴַģƾʲôһȥѵΪҪΪϹֽΧͷǽ
ַȡ뽿ǰ뽿ɫһܹ̤ңš
ƺԤ߶˵Ļˣ̫Լ£ȥ壬һǴУҾ㣬ҵͣ޶ȵģַ뽿ͣ£³һûȥ濴һۣ漴ŲǰС
뽿ɫѿ˼£Լ̫һ£ȥ壬һǴַ˵Ĵ̶
ַ˶̤ܣȻʼҲΪ뽿ַģʼϿɡ
ַûȥ뽿ʲôŮģΪҵǧ𣬱û˸Ҷ
УܿѾкüʮڵڣУ˶Ѫȣһƶ͸ѹҲ˿ƽͨȴɲ֮УȻмλַͬһꡣ
ʸ̤ˣҪôһ߽ǿߣҪôʸ֤Ϊʵ֮ˡ
Укüַ磬ʥл˾ռ˾лĻ칬已һַע⣬Ȼ䣬ȻҲڣ˿ֱ𣬾öϱ
俴ַľƽһĨǳЦƻȻû⡣
λ֮ϣȻǽٳˣʼ̫ү
̫үЦ棬ϹɫǺһͷʱɳ
ַ̨㡢ģ̫үף̫үǻʾַ΢΢Ƿĵ̫үԣǻʾڴġ
̫үַЦŵͷԹźηŲҵЩϼһҪˡ
̫ү˵ﻰ˻ģű̫үѾֻ̤ʾֻ벽ɵ죬츳ٺãҲһۡͷڵˬЦòѲԵøΡ
㣬㵹ǻ˵ͷһ֪ʲôʱܹǴ˵еľ磬㣬Ѿ˰ɣָ̤֮տɴ
̫үЦ˵Ϊأܹ̤һԭΪǴлĹų֮һǿңڶ
үˣĵ漴ĿַһۣǬһμ֮ʱͽѣУ֮ͬˣָȻ¹Ǩ׺ɣټյĲ꣬Ѿɳ׼ܹĵſϣңΪ״ӣ൱
ַĳɳȻԤϣԼԸַʦعӣ֪˭Ĩɱˡ
Ҳӹ֮ĲͬȻ֪Ĩɱعӵˣǰ
ַȻҲϳ㣬ң뵱ɽׯԸİ̬֣ε磬׿Ĩɱʦֳֺ֣ҲǷܻŶ⡣
˫ټ˷ǣѷַ㣬֮䣬вСĲ࣬ԷѾˡ
裬ַ㡢Ķˣģд̫ү˵
ǣ˵ͷ漴кַĵһ


1232 â
ֵַܣ̫үٳǿͣһؾнľˮ֭Уλԣ̸Ц˵漴ַƣֹѣݿݣȷǷ
ֿˣַٱʾ£漴һʱѪڣл΢촫ַ̾ȴĿֲʼ壬ϯľˮѪܹһǿʢѪá
þƣַһЦҲֻ֮˲õ֭ΪľƣַΪأȴɽڣԵνʮ˵ˡ
㲻̹ȻˡַĵʱһֻϹִ˽˸λ£ɫΪˬղЩַ²̨ΧܺòŹˣһַ츳ǿ󣬵ܳɳһ˵ģȴǰ衣
ϹǳĻֵַ̣̫ܲϣԺҪСЩ֮Ĳޡַ㴫˵ϹŲҶַΣǿҪЩʬ𼣵Ҳǲܡ
šַ΢΢ͷһ⡣
ַ֣Щڳ֮ˣл֮ص̫үλõģų̼ΪأǿޱȣϽ𻪷꣬лϼҵΪӵͫͫס
ַһһܣһˣƽѵһ˿ȴһãֻʼ̫үӰ̫лĴ֮õʼң޿ɹλлĵһЩ඼ˡ
ַ㿴ʮλиֻ̾ʼ̫үٳͳôϹɼ嫵İ˻ľԲȱʵȴ࣬ɼɻʣ俴ֻһ֮ңȴ죬һԽܸ粻ֻǸûж֪㣬ֻʣǰ˻ľߡˡ
̨һλʦܣͬͫǷϼйأַʵ
ϼ֮ˡͷЦַʱЩɻʵϼ֮ˣΪδлǰߵı֮أ̨
лĴųУӵУʼԼ˾ռңǼ˲ѡ£ϾǵϵѪԵõ״赹Ǻܻʲôֱ˵칬ֻл츳֮ˣңأ̨ʯʺλǰյ״ӣ֮Уֱ˻ģҪ̨£к֣
ַĻʱ¶˿˿Ц⣬ʦͽ˻ľϿɵģŴ״ӣ˻ģ˵
ʿҪĻָкą̃˻ģֻ˵Ŭ֮ļͲɶҡʥĿ⳯߿˵һ˵Լ֮ޱȼͰ㡣
ûȷҪңһЩˣʼ壬ȴһǴƫƫޱȣżղǾ仰ѵǡ
ַɨһʥĵеȻָ뽿˵ʥʲô죬һѵĿǣַԲ
ʥַķ̣ɫʱһâ
̼ҲҪƿ̣Щˣո¶ͷǣĿһУˣ֮ܣҪսǲһʥĻԣַ
ڶѣʮʸûУк԰
ַʥǹսʱ˵ע⣬ֻЩ߼ЦݣЦűһޱȼңˣŸܼǿߣ˭ܹ̤ǰУСд˺ʤ֮ģܿɹ󣡡
߻Ƶ佱˺ʤ֮ܿɹһ仰ýŵջ˲٣Եľ档
Ǻǣ˵ļǣǰ˻ľνűƱ԰˻ģ̫үЩźܹӱʱһλӻЦʵ
Ŷʢ֮ʱȵǿƣ˴ɣһʱʤ޷˵ʲôҪģÿ˶ִ֮ģԼ̤֮һ֮·˭ʶ˻ģ˭˵öأ
̫үЦ˵Ȼкÿ֮ˣҲܻ˵ÿ˿֪ͬ㹻ˣң޵ĳɾͣȷԿ壬ԤߵԤԣҲֻΪһգܾţϾԤҲֻǶԵʱЩԤԣ˭֪Ժֻɱ䡣
ҵǿʼ裬һϮ¡ѩ˪ɱ£裡Ц˵ʱ̫үиˣҵϣˣ費ȱĥлᣬ׼ȥɱսʶһʢ֮Ужپž֮
̫ү˼ȺĿһͣʼң׼ȥ
ĥ£ܹɲţ˻ľຢֽ츳߻ˣǸܲΣѡ̫ү̾Ϣ˵ȷ˻ľУЩҵĵ̣һܲΣѣ˭Ҷ
ַЩĶԻȻʼ壬ˣ峤ϣȥĥ£ɼ֮ѣûǿ֮ˣˣһȥǿײյĻԻ͡
пḶ́һЩҪġ
豾츳̫үȳն˻ģʮһ츳ףͷأܹ˵ġϹֺЦ˵̧ʮһ仰ȴַ˼ˣȲʮ
˵ټ֮·ûʲôܣͬΪʮһ̫үЦҡͷɺƽ
̫ү˵ĶԣͬΪʮҲǿһȻ֪ʱһ漴Ⱥһ̤֮֮УĿ⿴ˣǹһĨаЦ죬̫үٳ⣬λڴ˼֤˶ӢܵԣΪ̫үٳˣ


1233 ս̨
Ⱥʮ֮һ죬ͷ΢ݣдһĨζ֮⣬Ŀ⳯迴ȥ
ĵӣսɱϣǿҵѪ֮ƴɱѪ߳аѪɫӣֻɨһۣ̺ſֲѪУ֪մȾŶѪ
һһ㺰Ҫսˣչôãƹؿ֮ıˡ
衢ɱ壬һʱɱ裻죬Ϊɱ¾ߣɱ֮£裬ƺʮеͷ˳Ҫֳʤʼ̫үٳǰսˡ
ǺǣҰһսһ˽ˡ䵭һЦȻָġ
Ŀ˸ϴŵЦݣ˼Ҳ뿴Щ󱲣ж͵ʼ̫үˡ
ս̫үĿϣЦʵ
սĻҲˣ˲٣˾䣬СĿɨЩͬΪսȻ
̫үЦ£漴ĿϣֻǳЦ£һƣַЦãһȱһ͸̫үû뵽ˡ
񣡡ַ˻¶Ц⣬ָ죬ȻǸ̫үõĺ񣬸ɾݣ΢΢𣬴һĨ֮죬Ϊͺˣš
ǳЦĻͬɫһսǰս˿壬ȻȻ裬Ӧս
ǺǣȻûͷӻк죬ôͷҹٳǰԼӢ֮ǰʼս̨˭ҪսԣͷϲĽ
̫ү˶˼̫ү裬Ҳء
ԵӦս̫үҲӦʱ¶һĨаЦɨһڵķ򣬶ʱַƸоһεսս͸һĨѪɱ
ʼңҪս̨Ϣ֮дʱһƬڣ죬ҪһսʮҪײˣңУţҲмλʼ̫үѾҪս̤ʼս̨
м¶ܹ֮սһ˷֮£ңһЩʵǿ꣬ҲԾԾԣҪʼս̨սһ
֮УƽţƵᣬֻδ᲻úսĿʱͶߣʥǷҲʱʱĿַ㡣
ʼҿս̨Ҫս֮˽ԿһԣʱϣĳЩ˲ҪηӦսʥɨַһۣʥҲսսĶ󣬾ַ̨㡣
ʮЩˣ߳ȥˣַƽĮǻӦʥս
߳ʮôĿҵϣʵҲһʥƱϣľ֣ƱҪǶ̴ľ֮С
ҵĵģֻĳЩϰ˸߸ϵˣ䲻𣬵ʱǲҪΰɱˣַӦ˶ܹĸܵеĻϢЩɴŵЦݣƺ⣬ȴǸԼ뷨
ʥѾãʮ֮һǶ֮ˣǿֶΣǿĵȻ˵еġ
ַ㣬ǰòͬǳ㣬һмΪҫ̨ۣͽǰΪ״ӣܹλʦһս޲ʤδйܼ
ַĵһսʵЩǿʮ֮һ˵ңʥΪ䣬ַ㣬ֻأҪսʤ֮Ƿǳף˵ѣ
Щܶ඼ַ㣬ܻڣϿַ츳ҲַΪٽһ̤ػ䣬սʤĻܴ󣬵ϾֻأҪʤʥ̫ˣϾʥʼϵѪ̼Ƿַܹġ
ѹɱҴ١ַٱЦŵ
ַ㲻ÿɷ񣬵ȵʼս̨սڱˣһսһսʥһս
ȻٳôȻǱزٵģڳ˶ԼȻȱַһƷʥ˼һʼ̫үʲôݣֻ̫Ҫ⵽˱㹻ˡ
ϯ䣬˶ĵ÷ǳ죬㻶ЩһǳɾԲ䳡ľ֣ҲֻǼλ󱲼ԣԽ¶ѣױ㱻ЩּĻԵڡ
ˣͷٹ÷ǳ⣬ЩϹͷúһǿʲô̶Ȱɣʱ̫үЦ˵ʱɫһݣ׷ʼ̫үվ
ս̨ʼ̫ү³һȴĴݳȥԶܿ죬Ⱥ㿴ʼĳһֱȵϢĲʼңս̨ˣ
Ⱥңʼս̨żڴ֮⣬գ֮սһ֮·Ҳɴ˿ʼˣ˭̤ǰˡ
λǰʼս̨һ۰ɣʼ̫ү߳˴˷̼ȺƷ
ʼ̫үӰڿնֱս̨漴Ҳ׷׳̤ȥܿ죬ʼս̨
һƬޱȿս̨֮߳λһսΪʣ޴ޱߵս̨棬ǿĲܹ赲ֲĹսˣܵĲרΪսս̨


1234 ս
ˣһǿҶֲĲԲս̨йĻ䣬Ļ͸ģȺܹ׸ܵеĿֲ
ʱޱȾ޴Բս̨ܱߣѾΧȺʼ̫үվһߵأ档
ѵýʼս̨λӢ˭ҪȥһԽԿɣͷҵٳ˻λǵøͷһӣֳʤܱãҪ˼
̫үͬӰ˶ĤУȻʼ̫үٳ֮գ˸ʼɱˣȻܡ
ˣڴ˿ֻ̣һӰڿգ¶͸һɿ֮޷죬գ̤ս̨ˣ졣
裬һսĿϣޱȷ񣬴һĨаսƣҪء
֮ǼԤ֮ʱԤԣɱ֮һȣԱΪɱ¾ߵԣֱǳ裬ڻգնԤߵԤԣӴһɳ죬ɱ֤ûܹ赲ĽŲ裬ֻɱ֤;еĵʯѣ赲
һӰϣƮΣʼӡɱ裡
ս̨ĿȻӣȫͬʣȴͬĿģܶԷɱ֤ûˣܹ赲ǣܳߣȻ˿Ͼ˺첻ԶǰֻΪս裬̤ǰУ裬ɱ裬оգ
˰ȻһεŰգ͸ĹĻպϣرս̨սٿ񱩣Ҳˣ˿ԷĹǣҲ޼ɵĴս
δɱУϣһɿֲɱ󣬺һͷѪħ޾İ׹Ƕѻɣ˵ĸоȴɱ񣬰ɱ
֣棬ѩʺƱˣƵᡢѿʣϡݣΨɱ֮ɱ衣
ɱ֮ã˵ڶˣȻȺֻӰѪɫĲӰԼɫӰӣ쵽˼顣
䣡޾ѪͰâŰգ˵嵽һֻһ˲䣬˿췢˶ٵҲӳ˶ٽֻõֻʣһֲӰӣƲϵı˺ѵȴְȻȺ֪ǲϱ˺ѵģֻǲӰѡ
ٶȰ壬ɱ˶ٶȰ壬ٶȣǹٶȣףǣܲӦˡַ㿴˵ĴսȻĽԼ˽ȥ㡣
ɱ֤죬ٶȿ쵽ţңǵĹ㶼ɢ£սǳľգ˭һһпܱնʤȫֻһ֮䣬˿ֲ־ֳʤⲻҪˡ
ǣһԵײ֮˵һηֿ͸ĹĻܹȴս֮ʱĿֲˣ˸оĲ
͡͡պƱ˺ѵ˵м䣬ղײ֮أһâѪէ֣˺ѣݺύ
ǵĻѱ˺ѵˡ˵ͽ߸̾ɱٶ̫ˣ轣һ֪˶ɱâ
Ѫɱ³һ漴ϳŻѪâȥ岻ϵλλܿ죬ֻ޾ֲУǺѪ죬ϢűΧмȥޱȿµĻ壬ʴɡ
ֽ˿̵뽣ڣһɱ֮Ϣ嶯ɱȥһɱ֮ϵ˺Ѫ⣬ޱȿµҲҪ˺
͵촫Ʊ˺һӣŲ̤֮Уƻħֳħ֮˭룡
䣡ֲ֮ĳȥ޾Ѫɱܹ룬ǧݽҲҪȫ죬֮ħ
뵽УһУȵ̤֮Ϊɱ¾ߣٶˣҲɱ̫үԣߵ˵ɱ֮ʵĿֲͨȻ죬˿ֲĹӵ
ʵǿȻɱɱ֮ʻ̫ԶԼѪ֮壬㣬Ҫĺãʼ̫ү˵ƺһҲ֮е衣
ʱĽһζӰƻһâȺ豾ˣֻһƽâ֮л貵İɫâĿģب֮Уǽâһʧ
ֲ͡͡˺֮ԽԽĽâ֣ȺĶľţÿ£˶ˣֻн˺
ɱ徹ȻΣòϢǡһЩߴ˿̶ͷ𺳣裬ʧˣΨнڶǵ͵ʼһֱô
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ĶûѪ֮ȴݻٲԼĽ֮У޾â
˻˻˺ѵ촫漴Ⱥ˺ѵƻ飬׵ıѵǵɱâɣֻйâ˸һޱȵĽâԻɫһ͵£漴һһҫɫһ
ٴγˣ˵ģֻһӰӣ͵첻ϣյгһ貵İɫɱ壬ӰٶʵʱȺֻ֮أһޱȾ޴ɱ֣ɱģ棬͸޾ɱ
·ɶ㣬Ǿ޴ɱֵм䣬ɱţὫƬռһж˺ѵ
ֻӵˣҲ䣡һϮ裬ʣȻʤѷ֣
ʼ裬еҪǿʮҲǰ̾һˣսУܣ
ǰ裬ôֲаɵȻƻӶɱʧƿ˵Ŀ¡
ս̨ĻһսѾ
ΣǿֻܴʹǰУǿĶ֣ҵѪҺڣһμ棬սϵǷͻȻһɨգƺֱñֱŲһ̤ڿնȥơ
裬ս£졢ȥսܣȴδǷϣĶ־
ҵ㣡迴ʧıӰĿΪһεսʤԶսʤԺ󻹲֪ᷢʲô˿иͣͣΨвϵıǿŲڱ˳Խҿ϶һǰʱ򣬶ȻֲȻ裬껪


1235 սַ̨
΢΢ͷŶԷӰʧ漴Ҳս̨ѹʣǽޣԽɱ˭С
ʮ׷׿̤˻ģֲˣ˵սûзӳȫֶΣǵİѾԿ̽軹죬嶼ѾأȺи̾µͽ֮ˣûκεˡ
ңµĻҲ𶯣ʼ裬ʮҲǰϯλƿֲ
λԸȥԣʼս̨սʹ죡̫үһսĽ⣬ˬʵЦǿ̣˭ȥˣĿֲڶв٣ȥ׳ѡ
ڴʱһӰ˸̤ս̨
䣬ʮ֮һһкϷˣʮսգ̤ս̨׷ɱŮӣӦҲ˰ɡ
㻹ڵʲôĿ٬ɨģŮ˴һ·׷ɱлģ˲СûнȻˣգɡ
СģַĵΪʮ֮һȻʵңпɱ֮һΪ˽թЩĲ£񣬺Ƴذ㡣
ţ΢΢ͷŲһ̤ս̨ȥս̨֮УʱĻպϣս̨رգ޼ɵʹһս
Ϊʮ֮һûаܵɰɣ
ɲһ֮пֲʣ𲻹̶һʱ䲻ȴ׷ɱĵлģնһֱۣʵ£
ţҲԣ֮ʵεȿ£ѪöϱٷһЩҩˣһսϣ
۷׷ף²ⳡս˭ǿΪ൱̤䲻á
ͣڴʱһէֳ֣ıֱһûκεĻڣΨп죬µĿ죡
̧֣ʱһǰ͵ĳǰ̽赲
ȻתһޱȿµĽ֮âŶ͸ֲǿֲĽ֮±
򻯰壬ǧһְȴԻûǧֻҪû޶һְ˿˿򣬱ܹûĪ⣬ȷʵһֿµİ壬ڻûͬһʱֻܻûһְȻֹ򻯰һְ壬л֮壬ˣʹû֮һְ幥
̫үĹ˵򻯰壬ǳ͡
ŮΣԱһλ˵̫֮٣˭Ընһ飬ľ֮ˣϾ̫١
ƮˣȻĽȻ죬ֱʺ
ˣͻأ䣬ĵڣ𣬻촫͵ĳŰֶȥ
ɱ³һ̹ǣʱ嵱Уһɱնɱնѵ
ңȻһ˫ӺƴһħõĹĵһۣʱֻоӾģҪþС
⣡ĵкƳһлû󣬵ڴʱֻ촽䶯һƮĶĤУʹˣ
һħĵԺ֮УϵϢƶ࣬·Ҫݽȥ
ãַɫһ֮Ӱ죬֮лɳˡ
ĵȷҪһֹǷѹ֮ٲ֮ʱսܵӰ졣ַ㰵һȻøǱץɳ֮ǲŹġ
նĵ֮У¹ն䣬֮⾳նƣȴĽֽˣ磬иĻᣬһ־֮ɱ֮
ôҲһɱоѪƶɱʼ̫үһ䣬ĸоҲɱȻŮ޵֮ƺܵľӰ죡ЩһĿ棬ս·ϤһС
֮ᣡı³һ赲סȻȴڴʱֻֻӶʱ۳裬Ȼһˣ˷۳ȥ
ɣַɫһ䣬ղŻķ۳Ǻ
ȺҲĿһͣⲢϣĿֶ֮ΣȷʵڸȻôˣȻͲ˵ĿֻﵽĿģúݵһˣ־ǳͣΣա
û뵽侹һλ̫үҲһĿܿ˵ԡ
㺣֮ʺ㣬ңһȥ֮гһջ֮֮ʴĵôԵЩɣ֮ʴ
Ƿ۳ܹ־֮ĸױ֮лɳˡɫһĻΣˣһ˶ԷĻþУ׶༪١
ʱվûжֻ˫ޱȣȴȻʹû֮ݽȥơ
ǰԱֶζսǰս̨ʱַֻʼ̫ү˵ҲûϵΪԼֱ֮Աֶΰ㣬òˡ
δսܿս̨ң˭涨˲ֶս𣡡һԣʥַĻһ
ʱʼ̫үĿַϣȴַɨʥһۣ漴ǰսûй涨ֶܷΣˣҲԣǣսҲûй涨˲㣬Ҵ˿뿪ս̨Ҳ֮У԰ɣ
Цսδ;ʼս̨֮ʥߵ
죡ַŭһĿһޱȵֱʥʥһ
˫սսǶˡַ˵ٶȿ̫үǰս̨
ãսȷʲôҲûй涨ȻЩֶΣҲΥ򣬶Ҫս̨Ҳͬȫ̫ү΢΢ͷս̨ٹرˣͽ˭ҪսģȥԼע⣬Զ㣡
Ⱥɫһͣս̨ٹرˣ˭սϣ
ַһŲ͵ĳս̨ȥֱսˡ
ҵҪξˣʥЦ˫Į˵Ķ֣ң


1236 Хڿ
ʥڿջ֮ʱַˣֻΪĳĿģʱʺϳ֣ʱѾˣҪ뽿ΪԼ˭̨ͽƾʲôǰš
ռ䲨ʥӰȻʧԭأһ˺ѵַǰţַȻһҪʬ׵˺ѵ
ɱַһ³͵ǰУâֱ˰ȥͬʱַ̧ƣħ죬͵ĳ˦һֲħӡɱ͸ſԵ֮˰ħӡ
ǣ˺ѵĿռַĴӡײޱȿµ˺ƽ֮صĿռ䡣
ȥַŲݺݵһ̤һɿֲĴ֮һضƺһ˵죬¡¡ֲŰǿޱߵʥ˻ȥʥ˲£ÿԵһ̤عشѪڡ
ַܹڣǵ֮ʥΪʮ֮һһбСһսȻΪˡĿ¶ڴɫʱַ԰䲻ϷһĶãһһս㣬߽Σ
ˣֳַһ֮ƿʹýĵͷϿգĶ䣬ս֮ʱģڲ֮أץסᣬһɱ
ˡˡֻʥɫĮŲ̤Ͼȼ˿ֲĻʥó壬ַ֮ǱѾ֪
ʥһָ֮ϣһʥֲĻ֮ȫһ⵱УʱһƳſµļ֮ڻΧ·һƬա
ʥҪðͨˣɫһֻʥŲٶһ磬嶸Ȼʧһ̳֮ʱһַ⳯üָȥʱַоһɿֲΣ
⶯ַ֮壬ңַ̤΢΢ܿһָ͵촫һָ֮ռгһɫĻֱߣôبգòɢɼ̺Ļжǿ˱һָУ˲ϢҪ
ͣʥ˦ֱһֱַָ֮ȥ硣
ռָʼ̫үһҵĿռָһָռ̺ռͻ壬ǳ
նִַһնռָײ֮У漴һ
硢װ壬ںϰͨЩǻ˲֪Ϲ֣һ۱㿴ֶַξʥ£ӵںϰ֮ͨռָȣȻҪһЩ
ǲ֪ҵĿռָǿ־ǧַںϰͨȫԴһʱģƾƿŶְں쳾пԼĵһںϰ彣ͨ
ˣռһʥַϿգʱһɿԿֲĹֱַ㣬ַ嶼ҪɱǿҴ
ƿհ壬ÿռ崴İͨղƿֲʤ
߿˵ʼӵеĵ̣Ƿǳµģӵǿİ֮ͨҾǧͬƿؿռ壬ȴͬʥⲽҵͨղ
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ңĿһâַ㣬ңڵңĪ⡢ޱң
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ֻ𣡡ʥһһѿհȭɱƿռ䶼ҪѿֹʥĿռѾذ壬ϰͨѿհȭ£صǱУҲҪ˺ѵ
ַĬԷ֮ңܣĿȴް㣬ʥÿһԼÿһ̤ղҪ֮͸㣬ͬʱһƵ֮ҲſռĲ
ʥӵղս֮ʱڲ֮ء
ֻƾ貽㣬ΪõĻսԽˡʥ³һһӰٶʧԭأ֮һӰ
ˡˡˡȺֻʥŲղѳӰƬն·ֻʣʥһˣƬ֮貵Ŀռ䲨վ̨Ⱥֻվ̨ϳһâռ䣬һε˿ߣַ档
ʥ̫֮ͨүغһâɱʥ̤ʥܷӳȿֲɱ֮ͬַΣˡ
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ȺȻһʥҪɱַ㣬ҵˣǰޱȣ״ӣҲҪɱңʼ壬κˡ
ңսɱַ㣬̨˺Ƥ֣󱲼ڰ˻ľˣֻΪǿʲܻ㣬ʲҪԼˣֻ࣬Щ뱻ն֮˹ϵеǿ߿ܻ֡
ʥĿ䣬Ѿַ㱻ռ˺ѵ
͡ڴʱֱҪƿƬأȺַ㣬жȻһֻ˿̵ַǽ޷죬ƾز裬οʥƿռɱͨ
ıַ³һϵ޾ƿգնҪѣ޾ĻնһУǽɱĿֲʥƿռɱͨıϵĽʱַԡǧâУնء
𣡡ʥһⱬֲĿռϵ͸ʥɱ֮ͨУ޾Ŀռɱȥɱַ㡣
ıַŭ𣬽Ͽճȥ
նŭһ޾׿ַ
ɲǻߣ
ɱ
һһ޾Ŀֲ˺һȱڣȺֻ·ս̨Ľɱ˺ѵ漴һӰ𣬻ԡڽУأʥ
硢׵硢桢ռ䡢һ֮ͬĻ壬ַ㣬ƿְ壡ʼ̫үǽ꣬һ¶˾ɫְ塢⻹ַֻղűֳģ


1237 ħ
Ҳɫһͣ¶âʮ֮У֪û
ȻĿǰΪֹʮû˱ֳ壬ЩȴǿܻӵϾռ壬ˣһԼһЩƣս򲻻ȫ¶
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˵ʥļӦûûַ㣬ıҲ̤䣬ʥû⣬ڣ޷ȷ̫үȻ˵Ȼ͹ʥս
ΪǣַϵĽʥ³һ漴ĽŲȻһ磬¡һµĲ֮ʥģһεѹѹ
ңʼ壬ʥ磬ַΪأʥƾ֮֮ǰ԰ޱߡΪǣ񣬻ս£Уо𣡡
һַ³ƻһֲˣֱϮʥȥ
ˣʥĺƸַĻ£֮òַ㣬о
䣡ַŲٶһ磬һǼ֮ңȽʥ
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£ַŲ̤عݣħַϣȺܵһħ֮⡣
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ô£Ⱥɫһַ̤ȺĤǶоǹħοֱַʥ
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ȻⱾǲܵģַ㣬ʹһεĿ֪
ǿ𣿡ʼ̫үԵʵʱЩüͷţҪַڸʲôֻоħ֮Լ֮ơ
ԼֲַֿȻǣħѵǡ
һ漴໥ӣƿ˸е𾪡
ħ䣡¿ڶûʥı֣ħ㣬ߵľҡ
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ͨѣħ֮ͨȴҪӳҪĻַ꣬㣬ŲؾΪܹӳħ֮ңһ̤ڽơشƣһ𲨶ʥģ߽ķ
սܣ㽫³Цʼ壬֮ˣ裬˻ңΪܣӴˣʥʥԺСвϵĲ죬޾һħ
ʥΪܸؾϣкʸ߸ϡȻޱȣ㲻䣬Ӵ֮ʮûʥ֮ʥӴˣΪ˻Ц̸
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ɫԽԽ԰ףʥڷһĻȺжޱȣȻû뵽սľ澹Ȼַ㣬һһ䣬ȴʥƶħ޵ֿ֮
ַ㣬֮УޱȰԵģΣƱΰһؾ磬ʮĿꡣ
ڴ˿̣һĴ֮ƮʥĶĤУʥȻĿһޱȵĹâַ㣬ָ
ʧˣַа̾ϧ·һۣʥһǿԿԵʥѣϧӵ壬ħǿ绹ЩشƵǿʥħ䣬ħǿʢħ֮ԷʥֱħΪһˡ
͡һָȻ䳯ʥɱƿգֱʥȥɫһͣռָ
ôǿռָⲻʥͨ
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ֱַ̧һ⶯ֲɱ֮ʥʥ˺ѵռ䲨ʥʹղ롣
Ȼ˿ַͫ׺ƻڰ֮ɫϤһУң̤쵽˼顣
ɱԵĺһȭѿհȭҪƬռ˺ѵ
¡ֲĹֱӡһֵӰϣʥһȭñˣɫ԰ޱȣղٶ̤ʧԭء
ɲǻߣ
ַ㿴δʥһֱ̧ۣǿֲһŶ˺һС
һҽѪзȺֻʥһȶַĽնѪ죬ޱ
ղַ㿴͸ˣ
Ⱥ˵ţι׼˼飬ַܹԤ֪ʥֱӹ
Ȼղһһʼ̫үڶ̾ղַ㿴͸ĻʥʹãǾʹ


1238 ɱ
ʥܹʹղȻտһյĲҲŲơ˵˵ĻʥղҲַɳ֮ʹǿղΪһ׸ȫ෴Ч
ˣҲͨĵͽܹ͸ģַ㣬Ϊ̫үЦ˵Ҳ΢Цŵͷȷʵˣַ˿ޱȣƻڰħͫҲ֪ʲôͨ
ʱˣһ̣ɫţʥȻַնһ
磡뽿ɫ΢ԵЩ԰ףһֱǲ󿴵ַģΪҵǧС㣬ǰ˻ľĴ֮һ߰ѾΪϰߣΪʥŻַĦΪȻսʤģ˿ȴûģַǿģģΪһ֮˷һǰͨԻߡ
ʱ뽿ҵһЩĿս̨Ŀһ޵ǿϢ
ս̨ϵʥһѪ죬ѪģԵĿģʥ죬һὫ嶼
𣡡ʥзһֲХͬ޺ѪķȽĸգ֮ΪߣѪҺѪϱۿǿޱȡ
һŵҩУʥĻָٶȸӵĿֲˣȻʱֵַ̤֮ңʥǰһ͵նʥϢĻᣬɲǻߣɲ֮£ĨɱһУַӣɺڰ䣬޷͸
ˣһɿµĿռ䲨ֻʥǰһȻַϴ֮ս֮ʱʥ֮ʱַԼУȨ֣Էʥֺ
ɲǻնڽ֮ϣһǿĿռ䲨ʥ֮ײ÷ˣʥһУ˿ѾַָĿ⼫ȱ
ʮ֮һַ㿴ʥǴһĨĳ֮ЦһЦѣ
ʥɫѿޱȣַһЦ
ңʮ֮һ֮Ըַ㣬ȵǱ֮æ˿ֲòʹʥôпᡣ
䣡ַŲһ̤ޱȿ£ʥǹħٶ
ʥ̤䣬ûɱ䣬ڣѲΪֲħֱʥʱʥΪַȵ˳̶ľܵױַħ롣
ɱʥŭһľȵĲţַϣʥ֮͵ķɳһ޴Ľɫ籦Ҫַ档
ַŭһʱһ޽֣͵ĺֲľ޽뱦ڲ󣬱Ʊ֮УһɿԵĿռɷţҪַС
չַ֣Ź˼䣬Ǳ𣬱֮С
ʥѪѪҪڰ㣬ӿޱȿµĿռ֮
ˣһֲĽɫͼʥڳ֣ƿռͼףӿֿµĿռʥһץռͼƵУ峯ַ̤ȥ
ʥһʥѪÿµĿռ֮ҲΪʼ壡
Ⱥаֻʥ͵һʱͼգһռɽͼ첻ϣޱȿµĿռַϡ
գʥŭһ㿴̤䣬ûɱ䣡
ֲĿռɽͼ̺ޱȿµĿռַ֮ȥַֻоԼ屻һɿռ֮סˣյĿռɽͼͷһ貿ռ˿ߡǧ˿ƣַ彩
ɱɱɱʥѪ˵ռɽͼͷųֲɱǧ˿ƣҪɱַ㡣
ÿµĿռɱַͫŹһռʸϿյĿռͼ¡¡첻ϣռ𵴣ʥѪƶڱҡ
ɱַŭХһһߵȻϿɱ£׵Ȱȫɱſռͼ
𡢺𡭡ַ֣죬˺ҧſռͼҪûȻʥѪַǿ٣̲
һµĹϵĺɱѪ꣬ʥ𵴣ɫ԰ףѪ֮ɷ˳
ơơơַһʱâͬʱ죬ٶȴռͼ˺ѵ
ۣʥƺһɫӲ԰ף³һѪ
ɱʱַҲǰ߰Ѫһǧ˿Ƶ˿ַ߱ͷϿգһ޸֣£ԯ֮꣬ɡ
λַƵУֲĽŰ׵緢ž죬ַ峯ʥƮȥ
ռͼʥץ֮У˿ɫ԰ףѪӳű֮⡣
նַһɱһ̣һͷޱȿֲƾɱʥеԯ֮һͶӰֱӡ˽Уһ̣ҪƿƬء
磡뽿һŵɫҰףŭһͬʱ˸ʥȥ
͡͡ʥԿռͼֵȴ貵Ľâ˺ѵ̤ղʥҪܣһ̫ˣС嶼˺ѵʱҽ졣
ȺͷҵĲţˣʥʹóʥʹѪɻǱǱС嶼ն
ȻַŲɿʥɱȥ֣ޱȷսƵأ޷졣
ңһŭֻ֮ҵǿ̤ղʥǰ赲ַ㣬һɱ̫ǿҪնʥ
ַӦǵǱһǵ廹δվȣ㱻һֲĽʱҽмλǿ߱˺ѣֲ׵Űǵ峹˺ѵֲѪ֮ܶϱ˿µĹһҪ׵Ĩ


1239 ն
Ȼַվûնʥֻһƿ֮ŭХɱ֮ݣַ֮أǿߡ
ộַǴһĮĳ֮ɫűȺסʥ˵Ϊǵһսܷ֮סΪЦҳ裡
̶ķ֮ʥĶĤдʹ飬ɫ
ɱʥ³һ֮ͷʥˣܵúܳףҪԼɱַ㣬ʵϻľϣˣӽʥʮг
ַڵսȥ˿ڴս֮УĵսҲķӳֲռ˿ˣ˲Ҫַ㵣ġ
һɿֲɱ֮¡һ촫ֳַŲǰʥ̤ȥֲɱܹ赲Ľ˭ɱ˭
ɱһֲɱ֮ŶЩһȫɱַ㣬ʼ̫үȣͽ䣬̤ս̨ս
ħħ򣡡ַ³һʱع˲úڰһƬĿħ֮ķЩɱַ֮ˣȫֽ
򣡡ȺɫһǿַԼЩɱַǿˣһƬĹħ֮ס
Ȼӵǿµħʼ̫ү˵Ϊ죬ǿһ̶ȣ̺ͨУַʹħ̺ħȻħǿħ죬ѹַܹʩչħ֮
ʱս̨֮£ڵĿ˸ϣϵļ΢΢鴤š
˵ַʦڽǴսһʹħ򣬼ǿʢħ˫򣡡¶𺳵ɫַпµħҲ̨
Ĺܵͬ޹ԽǿսԽֲÿһҪǿʢңԽֲĹΪԽԽ£ף˹޶ԣǸҪУ㵽һ޷ǰС
ħ򣬺ħ֮һȻħеĿֲͨӦַܹǰʱգǰƿܹʹóħͨ
ħ֣ڱأħ֮Щֵħ֮УǵĹƶַӱ䣬һɲ㣬廯ΪޣһֲĹϣȴֻǺ֮С
䣡ַгȨȣֲܹ֮ѣ˲乥ȫ䣬ǾҲϡ
ͣ貵Ľʢɲǿռ䳤۳ַ֣ƻޣڿռл֣һޱɱ֮ħͷţѪӶЩͽ
𣡡ַ³һֲħͷ޾ħϢϢûħɢȥַڵһƬռֵʱȺķ֣֮ϣһʬ壬ȫһնɱɾ䡣
ħͷŵڣʱ䣬ַ㣬Щ侳֮ȫնˣ
Χһ˵ţ̫ˣЩ˿ɶҵߣ˵ֻǵͽߣͬǿʢޱȣһ˶ܶһ棬ַ㣬ô˲书ȫնɱģ
λ֪ղַɲǿռ䳤ۻΪޣ漴ȨͷſֲԳһȫ𣬸Щ˷Ӧȫնɱˡ
ʱʥս̨ıԵˣɫ԰ûаѪɫѪͣڻָն壬֮أѪǿÿ£ɼѪжǿ겻ḯܹ࣬иʹú󱲼̳Ѫ
ֳַɱһ˵ʥ̤ȥ䣬죬ľҲǸӣ֮ˣ費ɲţΨӵսƵ֮ġŶԿ֮š޷ѹ֮֮ģܷҡϣһ̤۷壬û־ģվҪΪ˵̤ʯкʸվ۷塢
֪ǰ˭𣡡ʱһĺ³Ӱһ̤˲ϢʥңϢޱȣվǶһǿϣΪ£н֮ˣˣʥ뽿еİȫ
һԾӵĿɱ֮ˣַĮ³һŶˣͽ䷽ս̨ǣƺƻˡ
ΧȺɫһݣȷղʼ̫үѾ˵ͽ䣬̤ս̨սλǿߣѾԽ˵ͽ䣬Ȼַնʥ
ػнղɱˣƺѾΥ˰ɣһλ˵
Ϲ𣡡ַ³һɱ˶һֱǳҪ˵ɱˣ㲻ÿЦ𣡡
λǿһµϢаǳַ֣ǲˣ׶༪٣һصˣôּǿ࿹⡣
˵Ŀ⳯ʼ̫үĿ⿴ȥֻʼ̫үɫȻδֹڷһС
̫ү˵ҵΥأַնʥʼǳַնʥİףǱҽˡ
ʼңֹܻҵ˾ʥġ
ηѵһţЩϹͷˡʼ̫үЦ£˵ˣȻѷֳʤ㵽Ϊֹɣ
Ȼɫһʼ̫үַնʥҲҵɱַ㣬ˣŻڡ
¡
ڴ˿̣һɿԵı֮Ⱥֻоͣζ˵ȫһ
ÿֲϢô£ȺĿȻתֻʼҸۡеĳһµĻֱţ¡¡ı֮Ĵ治ͣĲš
˹ʼңȺĿⶸȻһԶй̮ϢߣȻпֲǿ߷ս
ʲô£Ȼ˶ʼңȺ漴¡¡ĿֲԶȺ֮Уҽ˷ͻأıѪɱֱӶɱˡ
¡¡һԵϢ𣬲ҽϣƬռһƬʼ̫үޱȵĺâԶȥڵķ
й¶ˣʼ̫үжȻһ漴ûߵĻңȻΪ
ս̨ߣڶ˲䣬״
ʥӶȻⱬַ㣬Į³һն


1240 ͶӰ콣Х
ʥַȻһǵĺâ磬Լսܣüǿն
ʥԲУ죬սܣƺҲ֮Са̾Ȼ˻Բ˵ڣսܣû٣ƣսƱҪԽ衣
ַʥһսַƾʵܣмǿ߻ʥԲַܱնɱ־ǿӦýսܣʹ˼ʹٻַ㣬սһϴˢ˴սܳ裬֮ĸᣬ˵Ļʥսʤַ㣬ľȻֽһɱ䣬Ҳܹһɳ졣
֮һСķ˿ʼʵѣǹ֮ۻʣ˭˵ûйܼʧһɾͰȻӢˡ
ʥѡüǿնɱַ㣬ַ㱻նһĽᣬ½Զʥҡ֮ġ
ЩЩԺأֻǾַ㲻ʮ֮һʥóˡ
ĿתǳǿֲĴսȥ֪˭ʼҳˣΪΣҲµһЩϾЩʼңΪһĿģʼҿδ󣬶ôǿҵĿռ䲨Ϊ£
ʱʥһַ̤һԽղղӰ˲Ϣַǰ
ɱַһȴԷ͵һµհֲĽâɱǣ΢΢һʱޱǿĽâǿռ䲨ʧ
ÿ£аصַаղŶԷһۣʱеĿռݰת˺֮һɿµ˺֮ʥĿռǿˣǿߣǱʵϻǰ徳ϣ̫󣬸û취һս
䣡ֻǿһȭɱƿռ䶼Ҫѵֲʥʹùѿհȭڴʹöʥв֪ǿʢ˶٣ȭδһɿԵȭͺַѪ嶼Ҫѡ
ַһ͵ɱֲѿհȭýƲһߣԵȭ֮ƿս٣ַػƺһһѪ
֪үҲҶ֣¶ɱ⣬Ȼôȫ㡣˽Ųһ̤棬ʱ治ϵıѿֻӰ̤ռӰ˶뵽֮Уץַ㣬Ҫַ˺ѵ
ַˣû뵽ʼҷ£ûˡȺа̾ʼҾȻʱعⲻøҵ˻ɱַʼ̫үڣǲ·ģϾ̨ıҵʼԱӵֶնʼҶԲʲô֮£Щ˵ȥ
̫ˣϧһַսʥܶԷʮʥַ̭ȼʮѳɱȻ֮£ַʱնϧֻվûʥӲʥŵѪǿ߱
¡һѿհȭֱַ㣬ռƶҪѿ
ᣡһֲ֮ͷţֻ͵ĳ߸¹죬촫ӳǿߵϡ
ѣǿһʱ¹ⱻ˺ѵ̧ͷɨһЯնģ͵һӣ֮гһմӡֱӿɱϣ¡ı촫ĽŲˣѪ
ʵ̫ˣûһϣаַ̾㻹ģǼʿֲȴǶҪڴˡ
ȻôҲһȫ㣡ǿɨһۣԵĮ
û°ɣַߵĵߣֻ΢Цҡͷϵ֮ȴ
Ҫһͬԧˡ߹Ц͸ŵЦ
ܹγһ֮飬ϧע֮ˣкʸЦһЦݸĲãϵ֮ͷţһɿֲϢ
֮ˣûʸܣԻһɣַͫ͵һ
ţǿߺͰɫҲһͣģҪʲô
⣡һĵϣַ㽫ǿֲĽĵȻһĿ⿴ַ㡣
ôһǶûµģַ¶һĨõЦ⣬ôܻ
¡ڴʱԶһޱȿµղҪƬռ䶼ߣȺĿ⳯ǱͶȥֻһչչ
ʱǿµչ֮ϣһӰӰ֮УһȺǿ̤˹֮У漴ʧһ̳֮ʱһɽ֮ϣɽ˿˿棬ܿ죬ɽΧľԼȺ׷ͶӰ˳ȺߵС
ͶӰʼͨչǿߴȥÿֲֶΣȺо̫ˣűЩ˹ʼҵĿİɡ
ʱս̨ߣ˵¶貵ķâɹˣһһҵǵطġ
ʥҲ¶˿˿ǳЦûе£նַˣַ㣬Ӣȥ档
ַ㱾ǲ䳯Ǳ߿һۣܿĿ⽩΢΢ôᡢô
Ѿ֪ʼͨչ󣬽ǿߴ͵һңԶ֮أд·˺ܶ˶Ҫ֪ԲŻ˹ʼңΪĿġ
Ȼַ㺧ȻǣͶӰڵĵطȻǣѩѩ¹ƺɽƺ֮ϣңӹľ֮µĶ֮С
õ˾תħõһƬƵ磻׵Ǽһ˳
նʥŭһʱǿɱַ㡣
ַȻɱͬʱǿֲľ޽ַǰַĵ̤Ͼ޽ֱڿնȥ
ߣǿŭһȴͬʱӰг֣ĮĶַ㡣
ȥһͷֱ۳ַɱַӲȥͬʱһߣһµɱϢ٣ĵ̳һѪ
Ҫˣֻң
񱤵ˣˡǰ䲼õɱַ֣ĿڰϣֻԷЦϣȻúõıɱһղɱ֣ͬн䣬¡
λнΪΧַˣѷɡ
ַģˣипϧˣɣûа·
ɫ԰ףĿ⿴ַ㣬Ŀĵԣ
ᣬַգ͵һЦǹһĨаıЦݣɵѾͷң
˵ַ꣬Ŀ⻺תһ̣ӵУһ̹ǵɱ
ǱҵģȻˣǡȫɣַ૵ǼЦȫЦ
֪νʥ˵һ
ɱַŭһɱһâ𣬽ؾ룡
콣֣
ɽâʼ֣񷾪н֮ˣڲԵǣлߣ


1241 һն
֮У콣Хһ貶ĿĽâ񷣬촫֮ϵƲѣֱҪͱƬء
һ̣˶̧ͷеǱǵڲڲÿµĽʲôĽ
̫үȥ콣ֽԼеĽͣҪ롢ҪǱĽ¡
ʣʼ̫үɫӲ΢΢鴤ţƿһλصĽʣХա
ַ㣬ô˿µĽ
ЩһͷĿâм𺳣⽣նǣ⽣ַϳֵĽ
нϵЦ˲佩Ӳޱѿ֮ˣһǼ˹һɫ԰ףѿ˼¡
ôܣ˵ʥɫӲĶеĽû˿µϢֻһΣڼ֮ʱйһ˲ָо
뽿ſ죬Ҳûɣƾô
ǳֵǿߡнɱ֡Լ䣬ͬʱͷɫ԰ס
˿̣Ψĵ¶ʣ漴¶һĨõЦݣûµģǶ
ַ³һ⣬Хգһ֮⣬ַС
ƿأȺݺݵĳ鴤£µĽַ㣬ܹƿأԦ
ַ̨ģȺаܣ̨ʣôַ˿֮
ʱ˾һͻȻַһݣΪַͻȻΪѵΪ
ô⽣п콣֮
콣֮뵽⣬˵ͷݺݵĲţǧǰڰ˻֮ϣҵ޵нʣ콣֮
ˣַ㣬콣֮ôܻ
˵Ŀ⿴Χַλн֮ˣвɵ¶ȤɫǾģҲƽַӵн֮ùҲֲǣ˿̸ģӦЩҪɱַˡ
Ȼ˿ַǴһĨаЦĮĿҵλǿߣ³һн䣬簡
ɫһɫѿַ㣬ȴ޷˵ͣıš
ҵУվˣ˵棬֮ѹ֮ˣƣ棡ַŲĳǰ̤һͷ鴤
ң㲻к³ʼ壬ģǳ鴤£³һвַ㡢ַ͡һѪнǿһ漴Լֱۣնռ˲նûзӦĻᣬֱûˡ
ɫ˲Ϣò԰ףѿ
ңѾ𣬸ղţ㲻ҵݣ죬Ҫն˵ÿЦôַǱ䣬ղŶҪнƣѹնɱڻ˵ʲôûк³ǿЦ
Ⱥǳ鴤콣֣֮һǼްǿŰн䣬͸һôŰղŻޱȵн䣬ͬżһ
˿̵һʱŭңӵн֮ҲҪŭȳһҪַ־ҡ
͡ӦģһնһֱۣնַԼʲô־Էһ仰ҡ
ַһħ㣬ǿߡ
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ҵн䣬ôնˣȺͷһ콣֣֮ʱַĿһУԡڽУ˭ܵҪɱˣȫҪն
Ŀ⻺תַ㿴񱤵ǿߣɫһĿѿ
ͬһս˱ֶεģ񱤣ڻɱңɣַ³һ콣ٶȻӳҪӣٶٿ죬ô˽֮ʣֲ׵ƾâ˲佫ըѣɢĲ
ɱн䣬͸һ⽣жֲ
ȺһԣֽԼҪַֻҪһһ֣ɱ˶
ЩҲľǳϹ֣΢΢鴤£ղĽַƼˣַ᲻콣ֱӸһ
һصˣӵнʵĽҪ찡ĸ쵰ɵĺ£һ˭Ҫɱַ㣬Ҫһ¡
ˣһнɱ֣һɳ죬Ҫ룬Ȼӵõ
ַһ˿Į֮ɫ˱ն䣬֮أҷ
ɫ΢Щ԰ףνŲߣձҪַĵģٻ㣬ҲõַУӵн֮
ȻַĿ⻺תһ̣ϡ
㹫ƽһսĻᣬƫƫҪ𣬼ȻˣͲˣɣ
ַĽ΢΢һɫ԰ףȴַ֪п߱ͬ˵ڣˣ߱ͬɱ֮һգҶնˣ
ʱ콣ַ㣬ܵǹ޷֮⣬ԡڽеͬ޷죬Ҫɱˣʲô˵ģննԷԷҪɱ㣬Ҫ
䣬ʮ֮һİ䣬䣡
䣬Ϊʮеһ֮ˣǿַ̨УȺַ֪֮㣬Ȼ˻ġ
ƾʵʥҪʥնɱ֮ǿ߶Ըַ㣬ȴȵַʹý֮նˣ
ַĿʥ֮֮ʱȺݺݵĳ鴤£ն䣬Ҫնʥô
ʥڣ֮ѪѪˣַ㣬Ҳն
һһն£Ӵַ㽫ҽ𣬿ǿ߻᲻ϧһҪַ
ַ㣬֮ǰ㿼ʥԻһλнǿߣȵ
ûڣѾУʲôأַĮĿɨһۣŲ΢΢ʥ̤һʥɫӲѿζû뵽ַƿ֣
̫үǿĿ⿴ʼ̫үķ򣬴˵ַֹܹĻֻʼ̫үˡ
ǰղ֮²Ҷ˵˶Ǽ֤ʥҵ˱ʥҲˣȴҪҵнѹң磬Ҫնɱۿûֹ
ַ㵭Į³һӱ䡣
̿ˡɻ
ɻ
ʥǿ߱ˣƫƫҪնַ㣡
̫үĬû˵ǿɫӲѿ
ַ㣬ʥǵǰʺˣɱնѪе𣡡ǿŭһʵϵѪ
ʵϵѪַ㣬նǲն


1242 ն
ʵϵѪַǸһ˿Į콣ϣǵĹâɣɨһַۣĵѪҲ𣡡
룡ַ㻰£콣˲併ǿüģ绹Ҫ죬޿ɱܡ
Ŀ˲ͣĨַ㣬˵նն
ʥĶͷһƺˮ䣬ղţַһûеᵽĸоʱƺʶַ㣬ƺɱ
ҲʥɫҰףʵϵѪˣʮ֮һӵޱȹδδ̳֮һ貵ǰ;ôַϡ
ɱɱʥŭһ
ţǰַһʥڶ˭˵
ǧ˿ƵĻȥһɿֲΣȻ䴫ַȻתԼµһһҪն񷣬ռ䶼Ҫ˺Ϣµ˼¡
¡ֲĿռ֮ŰַֻһӰٵˣȻһ亮âһԾڿն콣εǿߣ֮ٶնɱ𣡡
͡͡͡ǿߵд󣬺Ҫռ֮У콣â̺ޱȿµĿռҲŶԷԾա
һҽ֣֮źɫۣϢֲµĽâ塣
ǣ֮ڵ棬˺ѴأҽмΪ㲻֮˺÷顣
ÿµĽַ֮ҪƣֻҪһܷ½Ⱥǲ˭ַһ֮
еĺǿߣ֮ȻûһնһλĿ֡
ʥǴȺɫ԰׵ʥаһλڰбԻ֣ȴΪ˳ⲻַע𣬷ַһСı͵ϮһҪַ
ߣңõĺܣʼ̫үһƺǳã̼˹һλųڰ˵ʲôղŶʼҳ֣̽ܵȺУһݡ
ǿݣַĿתʥӱȺĶܿ˭ҳ֮ܽ
Сӣ˵䣡˵ֲѪָԼնϵ壬Ϣ콣նˣȱָܻܵȴô׻ָġ
ַתȥĿɱ
츳ӵкܺõδ֤ΪʣǰǣҪڣʥϾʵĵϵѪնʲ룬ҵҲģαҪͼһʱʹ죬ԼôĻأ
ƽȻƽֺ֮͸һƵв͡вܳɻʣɱʥСĲ
ַĽ΢΢ûпǶʥ
һ;Ҫʵ۷壬ǾһηΣաвһҪɱҵ˶ɱ̸̸֤Ϊʣַ㻺˵ţԡڽУֱ֮֮ϡ
ңˣɱʥҵˣŹǶԸȲͬѡ
ַܵϵɱ⣬ַٽȻһ䣬Ҳһʱʹɱʥ㲻ˡأ
͡˵Ļ£ַ㽣ն
ʥһŵɫ԰ֽϣͷȫ亹ȴԼûϵģֻһֱ۶ѡ
ʥַ㣬ַ㿴Ŀ⣬ͺƿһСһ
ң̹ǣַĽһξһ̣˵Ķᵽɤӿڡ
ַ㣬Ҳն
ҵвңܺãַɱ죬£ˣעַĽĿ⣬Ķ
ɱңʥһַ㡣
ھն㣡Ӧʥģһն£¡ı촫ʥƻǿӡǣӡǻδüͱ콣ûˣ콣ֲ̫Զʥӡǡ
ȺʥӰʧһĿ⽩ӲնˣַĽվ£вʼ壬նʥʥնʬǶʣ
ӣȺǳֽӰаɱʵϵѪҪַԺԵģʼı
Ⱥ֮ʱַȴڿʼʰԼսƷЩնɱߺʥµȫˣⶨһʲСĲƸɣնλнߣնʮ֮һʥͰ䣬նʮλͽߣԻһʿֲĲƸ
֮Ƭͨ似ʥʥУ
磡뽿ʹĺһɫ԰ףȥַ㣬㲻ȥַΪУͲ
ַ΢΢̧𣬿뽿Ų̤һĻɫһ
ַ㣡еŭһַɱʥҪ뽿
ףԼ״ӣȵ
ַ㿴ûпһֻۣǵĵҽЦЦ
Ҳ̧ͷ̵Ŀղţ˭˵ᶯַѵģڣ˵ףЦ
ͽаʯͷԼĽŰɣ
ȻҪллңұնʥҲˣЩǵ޳ܣȻˣ֮ǰŮһһֱҺúչˣȻһЩʲô£һõġչˡ
ַĽ뽿Ĳϣ˵ɱʥ㹻ˣԷвټǹѩͶӰòһ֣ʲôһ
ԣУܹͬвҵĶ뽿ʥãͬΪʵϵѪǷǳʵѡ
뽿죬ĳĿⶢַ㣬ȴַȻûĵôңΪô˭ȵֵزģ
˶֪𰸣ңʥս֮н֮ɱַ㣬Ҫַַ˷йһУҡʥҵģ


1243 ǣ
ַ³һХ뽿ǰſµİֻҪַһ뽿Ϊһˡ
ñ𶯣һͷյ㣡ַĮ³һ漴ڿգĿ⿴ɫ
Ⱥɫһѵַ㻹ҪɱϹﲻɣǿֲ콣ֿ֣ܡ
ɫĮҪɱΡ
ڵģ³һ漴֮Уգۼһطд󣬶Կռ򿰳ƿֲ
в㻹ߣַ³һɿն
ˣ
ַ㻰£콣ʧˣƴ͸գһ̣ԶһֲϢֱ춯صײ֮һҽȺͷֹ
ÿµĽַֻһ仰ԼǰɱȺĲѣ콣ʵĽĻôֲֵܻز⽣Ѿӵַնն
ܿ죬ԶĽգ콣һ貵Ĺâصַǰ֮ȺĲ
ַ㣬ǡ
һӵн֮һ仰ܹýն˭Ҷ
ַҪı֮Ҫô壬ȻĻҪﵽǿЧ콣˿ֲȻᣬնҪĻûᡣ
֮£ؽ䶯˻ģȺа˵ֳַֽ֮նʮ֮еλ֤ΪʵĴڣ⣬նλн䡢նʮλͽ䣬նһλ콣裬ɱһС
Ŀתַ㳯һȥʱǼβ͸ſ־֮ɫǸӣӲοǣֻҪַһͷնǡ
ȥתңҪɱңñն׼⣬뽿һչˣǻԻúöԴ˻ľĴŮ֮һ
ַĻǼɫȴһĨϣ֮ɫԲˡ
ַ³һ֣ʱɴ⣬ɿˣҲ˲뽿ӣǴ˿Ƭ̶Ըȥʥնˣοǣǵǻȥ֪ͨ壬֮£޹أҲʲô
һУַĿתʼ̫үǸĵǰ鷳ˣ
ʼ̫ү˿ϴ˿˿Цݣҡͷûʲô㣬ҵһ֪Ҳ˽֮¡
лǰַˣַʼ̫ү΢΢Ƿ漴˸뽿סپ޽֮ϣ⣬Ҳ漴޽ƿգХ뿪Ƿ֮أǲҪĺãкЩЩ˶Ϲַɲұ֤ǿ콣ʲô˼Ľһֱн壬ЩϹûʡ͵ĵơ
ҵַһСģԷƾֲĿռ̤пܽһĨɱϹＶ̫Σգʼңַ㲻ˣΪ
ַıӰȺаַ֣֮̾ؽ֮УϾַƾ𺳵ʵʥնɱʮλͽߣʱ콣δʡ
ʼ̫үңķһ񣬺ڻڿգԽԽ֣ƺڵ꣬Ҳʮ֮һɣѾн䣬ʼ̸߽䣬ֳ̨һа֮Уַĸϣ󣬼ʮֻ̨һľ
ıģһ˽٣
裬ԤߵԤԣԼַı֣ˣǳ֮Խã˹ճߴ磬Ȼһл㣡ʼ̫үĿ䣬͸һĨǣԵ贫˵
΢΢ͷȻ֪̫ү⡣
޽ַƿգϴУ˿ַеķͬΪĴų֮һĽǷ
ʱ֮ѾλᣬѾȥһԲֻ֪ζ콣Ļᣬ֪ĻǺǿµġ
ͶӰֳѩ¹ƺڣ²Ҫ̫ãЩʼĿĵ˱ҵ꣬ʼڶǿ̤ƺɽȻӵرĿģЩַ޷֪ףѩ£ܻᷢʲôҪȥһˡ
ѩ¹Ȱ˻ľԣǵСųǣҪѩ¹Ҫǰԣѩ¹Եúܺ嫣ʱΪĿ䶼ǿߣȻ߶ԣѩ¹̫Сˡ
һߣΪѩ¹Ƭѩİڣѩ¹˰˻ľĿ⣬ʱǰǿֲģַ㲻òȥһɣĲ¡
Ҳ̫ģϾȵ˻ľǿҵ겢ǰҲҪһЩʱ䣬ûȴҲ˲ϢǰֻܿǰĻľ޽ٶȣЩ
ڼ˵İΣѩ¹׵ǼһﲼõܹɱߵĴͬʱǲƵĵͼҲ˸ĸַ㵹ҲΪģֻǴʱ˿̣Щס
֪ҹôˣַϵĮʧ¶һĨº͵ЦݣסĸסҶǹÿɺãƣûдӱʹ߳СѾͷǷ񳤴ЩЩŮǾܿѩأǶȥӡƾԵںηϡϣΪһүɽûкЩ
һϤף·һհ㣬ôУڲп磬еǣңʵҲһ֮£ң뵱ֻ꣬һ꣬·ǿѹȴѾܹնɱͽߣѩ¹ڴ˵Ĵڣ
һУУ


1244 ȥ
ڰ˻ľƬ嫵ϣϢٶǿֲģʼ̫үٳʼ𺳴£Էɿٶ˻ľÿһ䡣
ųͬΪлĵĴųǣϢȻ촫˹ǵĴС¥У̸ųͶӰԼ콣֮һ£̫ˣʼҿųǣеǿߴ˼ƫԶĵطȻʲôؾ
һϢַ㣬ͻȻַ㣬Ȼƿ콣ʵĽҲ˿ʼ²⣬ַͽ֮䣬ܣ𺳵ǣַ㣬Ȼý֮նһλĴڣն˰䣬նѪʥĿһУ޷졣
һϢǼ𺳡˷ܵģ֮ȡַеȡַ㣬ڣ֮ڣѹҪǸţôֲҪʲô˭赲
ң㲻ƾ֮һʥʮǰʲôոŽ棬ձȻҲݺ˻ģΪǽ󣬴յٹ⡣
һգмӰ˽֮⣬Ϊ֮ˣȻַ㡣
ַ㲢ûн뽣棬еǿߣȴԾٶȷ׷˳ַޱȹ
뽣󣡡Ϊ׵ߣһĿֲޣַ㹧˵һ
ˣһ£ַɫƽͷޱȷĽڽ֮˵ǰʹñʢ˵İԵϢ߸ϣΪڶԷǰַ㣬֮
ܷԸ֮˹ĵ
һһµ꣬һѩĵطһѩ¹ʼ֮ˣǰǣǲǿǰѩ¹Ϊ㣬פǣҪ˵ע⣬ûҵǱɱǣ׼䣬𣿡
ǽ˸ȻöַĻֻЩַ㵽Ǻ⣬У֪ͶӰһѩ¹ĵط
ףȻɻ󣬵ɹĻӦһ£ȻҪȫԸ
ҽһͼͨݸ㣡ַ㵭Į³һ漴֮һСһЩӡԷü֮Ǭ񹬣õһ嫵ĵͼб˻ľıǣ̫嫣ڰ˻ľĵͼ꣬ȴǬѩСطַ㴫ݹȥļ䣬Ӧܹҵѩ¹ˡ
ˣסٶǰ֮󣬵ҵϢɣַĿǷԸһ漴޽ű֮طɳ۶ȥ
Ҫѩ¹ȻҪȻرģȻĺ
ģҪңԶĵ򣬻Ҽһˣһȥڰ˻ľ֮Уַһ
˸漴ڵģһȥˣһң
ţãؼһˣúú㸸ĸһ֮ȥ࣬סҪ鹦ˣַ¶˿˿Цݣĵ˵ĵĽ飬Ͼǰѩ¹һ׵飬·ϾҪʱ䣬һҪɻĺѩ»Ҫǿߣĸʺϣصڸĸߣ֮࣬һҪսʤһĨִ
ãַ㽫ͻң޽ֱ̨ķ
̨ϣַ򿪹Ĵţʱһǿҵ֮˿˿ѩ֮⣬Ҫ˶㡣
ʱϿգ·貶Ŀܹõܹ°빦һʤѩӣϥһ䴿Ľ֮ϣӵеһһ֮ң˿̵Ľ֮ϸһ㴿İѩ֮֮УǾӰУͬŮֻԶȴ¡
˹ؼʱˣַ飬Ҳó֮ˡ
Ϊѩ磬ǺɣӵмѪ츳ǼֲģĴ裬ͬЩ˵еĿޣ룬һЩҲһ츳Ľġ
ˣֻ⻯֮ǳǿԼܹﵽֲĳ̶ȡ
ͬӰӰַ¶һĨº͵Цݣ漴˳˹ȻĽĴŹرա
ҲҴѩ»ѾˡַЦ£а̽кѣһУȫΪУַŨŨİ⣬еĿǷ֮⣬ŮԼ˵ĺŵĸθС
ѩ֮꣬ұַŹ³һ漴ڿգ޽ַ̤ھ޽֮ϣ֮ϡ
뽿ʱҲھ޽֮ϣһֱַߣһԲĿĿַ㣬ַ㵹Ҳ뽿ʵԼҲʲôв
ѩ¹ѩ¹֮ˣӦڰɡʱƿյУ뽿ĮĶַ˵ӱ䡣
ַĿ⵭Ƴϣƽʵ˵ʲô
ߣֲһһ֪ɱңģܣҶ֪ʱ򡭡ͲĪ뽿в˵
ַ¶һĨǳЦȤĿ뽿Ц㻹л뿪
㡭뽿ɫһ쵰ӣѵҪһߣ
뽿뵽лңʵ޷󣬽һֱһ˹ʮꡢϰ꣬һµ顣
һʼ֮ǰ㲻뿪ˣȱչˣַ㵭Į˵뽿еıչַ㣿
Ȼ㲻ֵĻϵ޵ʥ⽫ӽȥ
ַĻٶ³뽿ٶ޵ĵط


1245 ѩ
ģĺ뽿ΪַսɻĺȻ𺳵ǣַ̤ھ޽֮ϣô˻ĺ֮УǿµĻ֮Ϣӣ뽿ľĻĺ˳ܹ˶û
뽿Ŀ⿴ַ㣬Ȼȴַֻƽھ޽֮ϣһƻĵûڣûһĻ뽿𺳵ģַ㣬ûĺ
ȥɣַһʱǾ޴Ľھ޽֮ϣʥʥѾΪַá
أ뽿˵֮ƺмֶ֮⡣
ҪȥŻĺУ㲻ĻԲȥַ㵭Į˵һ뽿ɫӲַ㣬Ҫµĺ֮У
ΪһĻ뽿һĻ䣬޽Żĺгȥ뽿ɫ˲԰ף͵ĳŽгȥԸʥܵ˻ĵϢ
͡޽ûĺ֮УǾ޴Ľɫ֮ɴھ޽֮ϣУе뽿ܹĿ棬ַ㣬˻ĺڻĺдУɻĵ
Ȼˣĵ̣뽿ɫޱ𺳣ȴӸоԼĿɱյԺһЩʲôʸַ㣬˽ַ㣬ʲô߰ʸ
ȻٺҲûˣΪַҵĳԹΪ˲ܵҵȺַ㣬ܷ뿪ģַԼ˵һգַӵʼʸʱҲŻ
Ŀַ㴩ڻĺ֮УңԶı˰ṳ̂½أ޾嫵İ˻ľһ뿪˶ԣ˻ĵ̨Ѿ㹻Ҫ㼣߱˻ľÿһ䣬ܡ
̤ĺأǱҰɽأǰϵĻַھ޽֮ϣĿƴ͸Ʋ㣬Ƭ޾嫵Ĵأ֮󡢸ŷ紵ܡƷζճ䡣
һУ̰ͬ㣬ǰȴ翡
·;УȻ˷ַӰȻǾ޽ĿֲХ֮ǺȻȥ̽޽ϵӰ
ĸĬĬڲ֪УŶȹ˶ʮյʱ⣬صϤĵط
һգַ㣬̤Ǭ;ҪһվûǬûأ㲻нյ
أһ޼ʵããѩɽѩϵĴ䣬ܰͣصĽ£೯ʥ֮ˣвص۹һҪص£⼸طչǳĿ죬ڶ̶̵ļڣֳ˼λߣ˰Ķʢ
ص۹˴ԣأڼǰֹһλŵӣΪĴڣ⼸Ķʢλŵ뿪صʱ֮ϣһװ󷨣ʹصѩΪʥء
գ񹬡ȿֲֹأΪֲ󷨣ˣңңѪ죬һֱֱûˣƾߵҲ޷ԭΪ̫أѪԻָ
ŵַ㣬һѻңܲңűǬЦ
㵽Ǭļ󳬼Ҳһֱ֣أ͵͵ɱصĵӣԽˣصˣɳԽֲЩҲ޷ҡصĸ
˵ŵַڼǰѾ뿪أ֪ˣص۹Ĳţǰʥѩɽ֮µ꣬ҲżгһգΪشҫ
¡¡ʱһֲļƿµķ籩˺ѿռ޾ֲĽâһ˴ԶĳããѩɽԵıѩľƻһµѩ֮ˡ
ÿֲһؽµȺȫһޱȣ漴ǿһֲľ޽ɳ۶ٶȿ쵽ǵ޷壬ǿµľ޽֮ٶȺƷŻЩǿޱȵĿռ˳Ż˲١
ÿ꣡ʱȺȻ֣ھ޽֮ϣһ棬ɫ㿡ʣһ˫񣬸˾ȵʣ˸о׽ʱǰˮʱֺƷ֮
Ŀ⳯¿շһۣ¶һĨЦݣ漴˾޽Ųһ̤ããѩɽȥ
ʥأ̤㣡ʱӰգҪַ㣬Ȼһ̣ȴоһǰȥﻹӰֱ꣬ʧˡ
˵ͷݺݵĲ£ÿֲ
ߣȥ֪ͨ˻һۣ漴˸뿪
请֮ϣԵø֣չõѩ߼ˣҲѾأ˿棬һӭŷѩų̸ۣЦ廳
գ请λܳӹˣһһŮӷʣŮ򴿾ѩһ̤ؾ֮ʱѡеˣ꣬ԼյʥŮѩ
ʱ֮ãû뵽ٴιѩ㾹뺮Ϊһԣһ¡ѩߺЦ˵ѩ츳ǳѩص۹֮˱ΪʥŮ츳õģַ˵ļ룬ƺǽѩȥк꣬ӵ꣬ǳܹ嫵ȥչɾͻ
ǳǵΪȻأ̤䣬ֻʱˡҲЦ˵ڶӻһȥ˸õĻҲп磬˹Щģǿĵġ
ʦַûлѩѩʵַ㣬һĪĸоվѩ֮ϸӵ꣬ؾ֮Ѿ֤ԼĿֲһ䣬䲻ϴ󺦳棬񶼹ڻЩƴ̤أΪȹ̣սǿսصˣַˣҲ˰ɣ
ַ㣡ѩ߼໥һۣ˿˿飬Ϥַ㣬뿪ǬַǰǺ޾̨˻ľַ㣬֪ôˣ
ַ㣡һЩѩߵı󴫳ѩĿתӰһλǳŮĿ峺͸֮⣬ϧص۹֮˳ΪʥŮŮӣʫϣ
ʫϣַ֪㣿ѩߵʵ
ʫ촽΢΢䶯£ֹ漴¶һĨõЦݣҲһʱˣô᲻ַ֪㣡
ʫϣַ㣬ϲҲ˵ϲЦʱûʫϵϸһĨĺΣ΢΢ԴϸСֽţʲô°㡣
þûСһˣ֪ôˣһԵĽҲѵÿڣ̾ϢһڽųԵСӣ֪޽޵ˣ


1246 ʦ
ҲѩĮ³һĿ˸Ϻһɵս֮⣬Ҫַ㡣
ַҵҪдһڵΪһ
ѩ˵գѩ߼˿еս⣬ʱ¶һĨЦݣȴҲδ黳ѩ请һΪܳĵӣַ˵ļ룬츳¶ȫѩѹȥѩҪַһսδһ£ҲΪַĴڣһֱѩܽ˽յΪ
ãַдһѩЦ˵ȻΪַѩַܹ࿹⣬Ȼǲ˵ġ
꣬᲻ᾭ۸Цź˵һЦ˵ʲô
˵ˣǼһﶨպߴһӾ۾ۣѩ뺮Ƕ˹ǰհɣҲʲô£ֻ໥˽һߴԵӵ״Ҳ𵽼á
Ҳãص׼ģЦŵ
֮ϰɣһЩλʦֵҲ⡣ѩЦ£ԼӶ΢΢ͷǬѩɽԼշ֮£ԺӰ켫ѩĿֲʵ֪请ĵַΪزʥƴ请ĵλѷտɱȣοӵҲŽЩѩߵ飬˷ԡ
ʱѩһ̤֮ϣһ请壬λѩһӣһۡ
ȥ쳹ѩ֮ϣʱѩϵȺҲæµʼټһĵӣ׼ǰ请壬Ҳ֪ѩǼһ﷢ʲô񾭣ö˶˵ľȻнʱǰˡ
ַ㻹ããѩ֮˸ʱɫһͣ漴¶һĨº͵Ц⣬ʦôôɣʦȻӵһۡ
Īʦ֪ҪɡַţϵЦºͲãѵ˵ɡ
ʦַ³һʱֱȥ
֮Уѩߵ׼½ȻϤȻ佩Ϥǡַ
·ߺͽߵҲɫһͣ漴ڻߵ¶һ˿Ц⣬Цһĺɣ
СӻˣĿһ˸һ貵ĽâҪƿգԶȥ
ַ㣡ѩɫһַ㣬ˣ
ַ㣡ʫϵȻ̧߽Ͼ򼤶һĨΣ嶼΢΢Լܼ
ܿ죬˵Ŀ֮£һݵӰһϯ£˳ȾĿɾ͸ȴƽһ۱˸оǳ
ˣøǿˡλߺЦźХӰ
ʦַŲ͵һ̤ͣλʦǰݺЦʦӣ߶ԣһʱ⵹ǲ̫Ӱ졣
أáѩǰַļ򣺡ߣȥģ
һӰڵأַҲѩͺ꣬΢Цŵ˵ͷѩһЩĦȻΪ֮ˣԣȻƽЩС£ԣ֮УֻһССĲˡ
ѩַԼ΢Цŵͷɵɫ΢΢£漴Ҳһ˿Ц⣬ȻȴûַôȻѩ΢Щһֱַ㵱Ķ֣ƺһֱҪַ֤ʲôٶһӦ·磬ַ㣬ôȻ
ַֿ˻ʫϣɽ۹ŮɻǺǰһôɾֻǴ˿˫Цȴ΢ЩһգգĶַ㡣
ַ㡭ʫ˵ʲôȴ޷ĨĨͷķ٣վʲôҲû˵ֻЦݣȴԽĲã˿һ۱оޱȵģ˽еķնȴ
ʫϣþòַЦ£˳Ĭ漴ʫҲͬõЦţþò
ַ㣬ǡʶ߿ˣ۾һһģǰ˵ʫϼַ㣬ҲϲҲ˵û뵽ԭʶ
ʱһûǬɽ۹ұʫʶˡַЦ˵
ߵ£漴Ц˵ǺáǺá
ζЦݣʫϵϾһĨΣЩӡ
С㣬뿪֮Ƿ˰˻ľͻȻַʵһλֲǿ߽ǬһնֻأʯʺҪͽϢ漴ַ뿪أʼԶУһ𣬱ǵ˽ղŹҲһֱַ֪㣬ȥǷңԶİ˻ľ
ˣǴӰ˻ľġַЦ˵
˻ľôǿ߶಻࣡ƺҲĺ棬䵽֮ҲֻǵǬܱߵңԶİ˻ľֻ֮С
˻ľ޾صǿߣмʮλΪ˻ľˣأÿһλ֮£һɿֲвǿߣߣǶţëǿƣ˻ģһģǬ֪Ҫ嫶ٱ
ַЦŻӦûߵȻҲҪǰңԶĵطһ
޾İ˻ľصǿߣмʮλһߣţëÿֲ
༸ɫҲһַ㣬ǿƵİ˻ľ
ѹ֣ΪѾأȥңԶİ˻ľַΪڰ˻ľҲ̫ðɡѩа˵
ַ㣬ûţȥΪͽ߶ַ㣬ǽкֵǿ˵֮λͽַ㲻֪ûиϡ
ˣ
ַЦŵ
Σλ߾ͬʱڣƸڴַ㣬ûгΪͽ
ַ㿴λʦڴĿ⣬ůЦݲãȻǣɹˣ
ã
ܺãǳ
λɫƸļĿ͸ŵâͽصĵӣҲ˳Ϊͽ
ѩͺĿ˸ַ㣬ȻΪͽ
ʫϣ¶ĵЦݣȭͷ΢΢ţΪַ
ʦҲΪͽңһۼʣַ㿴ʦǼɫЦʣΪ״ӣ
䣡
ѩߵͷݺݵս£Ŀ⳹׵ĴʣУվڴ½۷ǿߣַ֪һ仰ǵ𺳣жôǿңַ㣬Ϊ״ӣ
ʦɫַЦݸ֪˭֪ʲô飬ַԼǷҪʦǻ˵
ʦһʦЩҪǣ


1247 ѩ
Ҫӣл˵ѩ߼Ϊɻ
ܿϼһԼС㣬ʦû뵽㾹ܳΪʵ״ӣӵȻһҪúϧҪЩûõͷһôҲҪΪ߳Ƶ
ѩ˵Ϊ״ӣǶĻԵҲδ뵽ػһλɫĵӣܳΪһ
ȷʵǴԵС㵱뿪Ǭǰ˻ľȷġҲЦ
ϻߺɨ˵ı˻һۣû߶ӵۡ
ַ㣬һҪú֣ǿĳĿ罣ޱȣַѩߺͻ߶ЦҲ뿴ַ棬ѧʲô¡
ѩĿⶸȻ俴ַ㣬ַΪ״ӵϢҲͬɽХ𺳼ǿңʣ߸ϵʣ״ӡ
ַ㣬Ѿ˦ôԶΪľ룬ʵңɼô
ַ㣬ԣѩ˵Ϊأܹս֮ͨˣȻΪԼܹսʤַ㣬ȴҪԣ˵ĲжҲüԼǰУŬ׷
ַĿ⳯ѩһۣɺЦȴ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ʵѩһģսĻҪôս
㿴ңѩĿһ漴ַ㣬ȻǿǣһȫԸսʤңҲҪһЩ
˵ţѩվѩ֮С
ַЦ£ѩ߼ַЦݣʹ˸΢΢˵ͷ
ʦҪңַ㴫
ȥɣ֪ǵĲ࣬һֲпᣬȥաѩ߻Ӧ˵ַ΢΢˵ͷվѩܲ˴ܣ֮;߲̫Զ硭ѩһϴǿܷȥӶɱ䣡
һȫ֣ҲҪȫԸ飬ҿʵѩߵַ㣬϶Ȼһǿĺ棬ѩ͵ľѩ֮Уرѩ֮־ǿޱȣѩΪأѩ֮־أǷǳ
ѩѩŲһֲ̤ѩ֮гű뱩ŰϢռѩӿһֲıַ֮ȥѩ壬Ҳַȥ
Ȼַȴվǣһֲı˪̼佫ַû¡һµľŰĺַϣѩ˵ȫ֣ûа飬һַ⡣
ȻѩĿȴӲоԼĲѪ֮ǽֲѩȻûַ嶯һ
ѩ̼ڻַӰ֣ѩȭͷϣĿôƽûκεĲѩоһ⣬Ŀֲַ㶯һ޷࣬ôֲ
̫ˣַ³һѩĺݺݵĲ£̫ˣ
⣡ѩתֲѩ֮־ط˪Ȼ۶ôµı˪ַ˲䣬ữΪޣַվǣһ޿ɶҡľ޷塣
ôãʵ𣡡
ַ˵Ĳпᣬһشѩϡ
䡢䡢䡭ѩϵĳַϷȻûã̫࣬ˣѩĵز
Ľʲôȥ̸ַ㲻ѩһԵĺĿѿ˸ŭȵ㣡
֣âҫۣȴַĿת꣬һֺȵ
һֺȳͬ׺䶥֮пֲâ¡һ죬˳ȥв³Ѫֹ
꣡ѩɫһź˸ȥź꣬ɫ԰ޱȣζû뵽ٴַ㣬ʵ˲пᣬַһܹܵסġ
Ŀ⻺תѩַ㣬оô
ҿʵʵ𣡡ѩĿ죬ַ
ַû˵ʲôֻ֣̼䣬ը죬ַ֮Уоſֲ׵磬ܿ죬ַȫԡ׵֮У¡¡Ŀֲһµ׹ҫѩ֮ϣܿ죬Ƭѩ壬׵磬ؼ䣬Ψ׵磬ַ㣬
ǣһ׹ѩǰըѣϣɫҰףһĨѹоԼҪȻ֮ʱȴֻӰƽվǣ׵ʧκһ׵ϣҪ
Ŀ⽩ӲҲַһ𲢼սյ꣬Ѿɳֻĵزˡ
ѩûһ˿ѪɫͻȻЦڳԼܶҡַ㣿Ҫַԣ
ѹַҡͷܾ˵Ĳ࣬սдıҪô
ַλʦҲͷͲݺݵĳ鴤£ңǻԵ׵塣
ʣ״ӣ
˿̣ѩƺʶһݵķжأô׳Ϊʵ״Ǹ߸ϣʣôͽôȻܣֻ˵ǵĺͽַ㣬츳Ѿһ˵ĵز
͸ˣѩ̾ϢһߺͽߣϵЦݣȴôοǣѾ͸ַˡ
ǻʫеĸɾЦݣô⡢ôĲá
ǿģֻǱɽһǣңڰ˻ľͬˣ洦ɼǣн֮ģΪԼ𣡡ַ䵭ٶѩѾľˣģֻǱɽһǣ˻ľ洦ɼ
磬Ƕô
ллͻȻѩͬ˪ϣ¶һĨЦݣַ˵漴뺮һۣǣҲȥ˻ľţ
ַЦ£û˵ʲôڣͿԼˣܷ񴳹Ľᣡ
ַˣʱԶһӰַĿת㿴ӵĳӰ̤ǰ΢Цźʦ
ôûлΪѾأЦݣһӽ֮ϡ
˵˭أԭַˡҡ˿Ҳ˵ˡ
ַ㣡ƮȻ漴һӰ٣廻˷֮⣬ַΪ磬ַҲһһǫѷ
˵ѩͷǲǼַſ⽫Ӷ˽죬ַ۸ӡҡЦ˵
СֵĻǱ㲻ñˣѩЦ˵ʱķĿⶼַ㣬Ȼѩ˵ôȻַսǷǳǿˣ֪ʲôز


1248 ʦָ
ѩͷ˵Ķԣַ֣ǲñˣղѩͷַ֮ŵġһƺ룬Ц棬ǿʢʦȻҫһҪЩһǰú԰һ£ǿԼյ۹ô
ϸϼһͿʼˡӵЦձ㲻ˣԣգСָһ߷֮ص
ҲãСڼһǴгɾͣһ;ȻŷǷļ⣬ָʦǣһǱܽˡѩͬӵĻЦ˵
һԵַԣָһͷ治ָ֪ˣ
ʦַѩߣȴѩЦŽĻ˻ȥѵӰ˻ľܸ㹱ףѵԸˡ
ַ㿴ѩߴӵۣЦ֮ͷһַ㣬Ӱ˻ľ
˻ʮ򡢾ʮʥ֮أǿǾ½ĵַ㣬ĴѹѩͷЦ棬ΪӶԺ
ûʲôָģֱһٱǣؿҲѵЦ£¶һƷ̬ӷ˷ۣԾԾԣַΪأضʢ˲żüãҲһЩ߽֮ˣбַǿصӣַһ
С㣬ȥɣѩ߶ַʾ⣬ַЦߵȺм䣬ͬ˵ûʲôָĻֱһˡ
Ŀⶼַ㣬Ц棬ַѵµĵӣһЩСһҲãвַ֪ʵжǿˡ
ַߵȺ룬ʱصӶ˷ܡ
ʦԡ

ʦִͽ̣
һͬʱЩϼһ϶¶˵Цݡ
ˣ縡һӰƮȻַǰǰַ㹰Цʦָ̣
ӵΪأӯ֮־
ַ΢΢ףֻХ˵嶯Яֲľ磬ַ
䣡һµĹֱַϣɫһַô
Ǳ㿴ַʧˣղţֻǲӰʱַ㣬΢΢Ʈţ
ţǵһɱƣѩҷ裬Ȼַ½Ƕַ㣬ͬһڿռҵ趯ţûйءûз
磬һҲǷ磡Ŀһַķ֮־Ȼǿ
ȥɣһַ³漴ֻоԼ˷У߳Ϊһ磬ֻ˲Ϣ彵ԭأǰһƷƮм䣬ַ㡣
ֻǽãȥУȥУʹʱҲһзָзİԵ
ַ΢΢̤ޱߣȻ
¡ͻȻ䣬ַŲһ̤棬ʱؼ䶸Ȼۿֲ쫷磬ع˺ѣ޾ѩ˺ɷ飬֮ϡ
˿ԼǰĿֲ֮磬ͷݺݵĲޱ𺧣ÿ£Ƿٶȣпµķ֮
ǿҲһ𺳣ַԷ򣬺ÿֲ
Ϩ֮ʱǵվǳĬ漴кһĨ⣬ַ΢΢лʦָ̣
гϿңüλ˶¶Ц⣬请ļλߣЦΪŨǵ⣬Ƿǳ
һͺ֮漴¡һ촫ֻһ˽Ų̤ѩ֮ϣزؾ
ҡʦ㣬ش֮ΪҲأַ൱ַ֪ܹһȺаᣬҡһţǳ
ַʦָ̣࣬Ųٶǰһ̤ضҡַ̤ĵ棬ƺڲʱܱѣͬʱϵϢڷ
䣡һֲ̤һεĴѹѹȵϢ֮УϢ۷壬âҫۣǱݶ˼ֶׯ֮⡣
Ȼڿ籩꣬شѹȵַ㣬˿ɫȴȻƽ˿͸ĸо
ʦ㶼ַ㣬ôַȷʸָˡаŲɣϺƳһɿֲҡϣϢʵǵصĿ̶ֲȣ𺳡
ʦ㣬һ֮һ
и̾ȴʱַڶˣĽŲҲ΢΢̧漴ǰ̤һ
ǣһͬ㣬͵һ֮ƿХŭʵǵϢһͣ˲Ϣϡ
ַĽŲ̧ٶǰ΢΢һ磬¡¡һ̤ɽҪҪѣѩ֮ϣͻأޱȵİ
ƺһֲƷйĿ͵Ĳţַһ̤ͷ
ַĽŲһ̧һ̣˵Ŀ⣬̧Ľϣ֪Уַһ΢ĶѾǵģҪַĽС
䡭Ƴѩ裬ѣХ֮Ĥֹƺһһɿֲδϣֱ˵ϣѪɫ԰ס
Ŀⶢַ㣬вֹشַ֮ȣͬСˣһ
ʱַϢȫֻͨͨһѣȻ˵𺧣ȴ޷ݵġ
վĿ⿴ɫƽַ㣬ĹӣԴʦ㣺лʦָ̣
áãҡЦ棬ӵЩĵӣȥʦ̣
ȻղŵˣԼʵ˸εַͬǣЧȻǸãңַõó
ַ㣬ȷʸΪʦָˡ
ַַָ̣ÿһζǵǺȥʹã򣬶ǾտˣǳЩ伶̸Ц׵ķſվ꣬Цݣѩ߼ˣȺάţƶ㣬տص꣬Ϊӣεȷ⡣
ַֻʱһһָˣΪȺ˶мַ㣬ûмʣ಻ʱǻʼ֮⣬޴֮ʱַֻ㣬ֵ
ʦַָ̣׼ȥ֮ʱһӰЦ棬һֱַ㣬ַɫһЦ£Ȼǻʫϡ
ʫϣͱˡַЦҡͷ
ôʦ־ͲԸҡʫϵһĨԹɫַΪΡ
ʫϣ֮Ҵһ׻湦շ쾭һֱģպַü֮һŻʫ϶ȥʫ΢գ漴һƼûԺУĽѣַʦĹһɡ
ַȡһЩָ漴λλʦʦвǿĹԼ֮ͨһЩ徧ʯԼʥҸǣлĻԴڸĵǣ


1249 
Ĺ֮ʥ
ȫǼ䱦֮߶ԣмĺôǿ˵
ʥټأûмʥߴѩ嶼ܹӵʥǿַһ仰صʵǿࡣ
ãԺңšٸأҲøһЩ̵ĽѵˡַĻףƮȻӰȴԵΪģܹصʵٴΪķص䣬ȻǸ˵ģҸе˿˿ο
漴ַ㽫öַָѩķ请壬ⰲţԼλʦģȻҪõġ
ַ㣬˵ָλʦֵһʵǻǲ֪磬Ҳλʦܿ۽磡ӺЦ˵ַղŵıսԶԶԽľ磬˷ǳµĵزȫһأһӿܴѹѪ
СʵҪ߼ܹ顣ѩЦ˵磬λ伶ʦܣȥСԣ
ţ鲻СʵȷҪ侳ܹԳͬЦ
⵹˶ǳַʦ֣սܷսʤ
Щ֮У¶˿˿ڴ֮⣬ѪӿгһҲַܺʦһǿǸöá
ַЦͨĵͽ߶ԣ͸߽ڰ˻ľɱѲ˰ɣֻǶصĳܲܺͽѵʦһְɣЩûӣ
ԣ
һһλһص˳ĿΪĮһӣʵַΪ棬ɱңһַûдǿʥư󷨣˵ҲһӿԵмλոӵˣǺܲʹġ
ֱַܵ˶ԷϵĮȻĿ⳯ѩڵķһۡ
С㣬ȫԸؿ̵ĽѵǼ̲ͷӣúúÿһˡѩ߶ַ㴫˵мλ̲ϼһ֪ģǸô̼һˣǺú룬ӵΪǶǴ
áַ㴫ظһ漴ǰߵʦͽ̣
ߣܹȵģȻ츳ҲҪףЩ࣬޷ֲ˵ġԽѵĿ˵ַ㰲ţƽĻӦһʦĽ̵ַȻǵá
ǺãҾһ£Сˡ߽Ųһ̤ο磬ףһ𺳵ĺ¡촫һֲѩӡ͵ĳַĴһѩӡѹ£޴ıѩӡѹȵÿռ
ַŲ΢ǰ£漴ֱ̧һƣȺַֻƺƶõģռ˺ѡ
ǣ
Եޱȵ촫޴ıѩӡ˲䱻˺ѷ飬ѩ趯ַѿհȭ͸ѩӡ˶Է֮ϣ¡¡ľ֮漴һƺߡ
ȺĿⶸȻ佩Ӳ𺳵ĿĶмӰʱַ㣬ƽԭأʲô鶼δַǰѩ֮ϳһĻۣվڻ۵ľͷɫѿǣ͸˿˿ѪǴ˿̣һַθѿĿֲ
ߣһǲһͷҵĲţľʣַ㣬̫ˣһĳ߶ˡ
Щ࣬޷ֲ˵ģ
ղߵĻȺֻо΢΢ЩЦ˭˭вࣿ
ʦ壬ַˣ
߿˵һַɺƽûлǿߵĵϲãԣһͨߣֵһᡣ
ˡˡűЩϼһ̫ܵˣ̾Ϣһ͸һĨĺ֮⣬漴ȺȥûȺ֮С
ѩߺӶһۣ໥һЦַʵѰ
ˣձ㵽ΪֹɣԵѩúӶ˵
ַʦ֣ǰİ˻ľţ𣿡
ʱ˴ʵַ㿴ˣ΢ЦŵͷƼǿƣ޾ĻȻȣԼ׼𣡡
Ƽ޾Ļ˵г֮⣬ԼԼ׼
Ⱥɢȥ请ĵӣҲ½뿪ܿ죬ѩ֮ϣֻʣ请λߡַ㡢ʫϣûȥ
ַ㣬˵ʵղһƣ˼ɵսЦַ㣬ַʵ
ѩߵҲַ㣬Ҳ֪⣬ַļޣģ
˵ʵַһ
СһȻҪ˵ʵЦ
ֻǡһƣַ˵һĿⶸȻһͷ΢΢鴤£Ϊַ˵ֻս˵һսҲãܽЩַֻǸ˾䣬һơ
仰˵Ըߣַ㣬ҪĳһУ
С㣬⻰˰ҲƵֹһ˰뱲ˣҲؾѣַ㣬һܹ䣬ȫһսܺˡ
С㣬ҪԣĿԾԾһԣַ㷭˷ۣʦĸҸ㶯֣
ӾͱСˣѩ߰˽һۣ漴ַС㣬㲻˵лҪԼʦ˵ʲô
ַ΢΢ͷżλʦʦǣûȥ
ȥ໥һۣ漴ֻӵҺʦҲ̸£գ请һηҲҵʦʦʦ츳ǳǿʱأһζʢʱ⣬˶Ǭ˸ǣʦʦ뿪ȥ½ˣδûй뷨κǰԴʦʦ뿪ʵ˲٣ǿлӣǵ츳Ҳʦʦˣˣûж˼
ʦк֮Σ֮ʱ־ž֮ǿ̫࣬ǵԼصļǿУŲúһȥһ⡣ַһ⣬̹ǣ͸ǿҵɱ⣬壬Ƕѩ²Ұһս鱻ԭ͡Լħ⹫ϡԼһλʦƽɱ٣ѪծһҪѪ
ʦʦǻǵǰ˻ľǿߣ𣿡
Ȼǵãһնֻأֹ㣬Σգѩߵͷ
񣬺ѾҵĶʦ֣ʯʺʮһ״еڶһλǵʮһλ״ӣʦ֪֣ΪοԽ޾Ǭ֪ͨͽ֮£
ѩȻһұɻ£Īǣβɣ
նʦҲʶȴ߽ΪѣңأϢ֮ʱǵ˵棬һУֻΪʦգ⣡
ַĻüͷݺݵһ⣡


1250 ı
⣬ΪΣʣ֣Ǭ򣬶ңƺйأ
С㣬ô£ѩ͸ŷâɫȻ
ʦպ˵ʯʺλʣͬͽλʣϵãңһλʯʣַ㿴ѩߣ˵
ѩӽӲ漴΢΢ַ˵ѣλ벻
ѩߣӵĿҲӲƮȻ˿ȴ򼤶вϵϢͬ
λʣҹϵãһλʣʯʣ
ʯʯͷ请һĴ֮һʯͷ
УλʣǲǰǬͽһˣְ֣أ
һУָһʯʺʡ请Լ壬һΣ
ǣʦ
ȥ½ʦ񣬳Ϊϵʣ
ַ㿴λʦʦ𾪵ɫŻĻʫʹ˸ûʫϵкһĨɫ
ַ̧Ųһȥ˿̣ʱλʦԼʦúһ룬󣬺ȥδӡ
ǵʦѾΪһ£ʦо޴ĳɣĳ
ʫСŸַȥѩ̤ĸַ
ôˣַعͷŻʫһֻʫ΢΢Դ΢һƺΣһǰżϢȻΪصĵӣұ㵽أѾ뿪ˡʦ˼˵ӣ
ʫϵᣬƹ˵ԭΪַ㣬ѰأΪӣΪʥŮ
ʫɵԴɳɳĽŲʫ͵͵̧ͷ漴ȴַɵֽԴȥ
Ǻοַ࣡̾Ϣһɽ۹żȴŮнᣬյȥȻûоŮ룬Ȼһ·ѩɽ۹Ǭء
ŮɵԴ˵ֻɳɳĽŲϡ
֪ģʵֻҪܹ߹ĲбҲˣַ㣬㲻عϣֻҪżܼ·ˣˡͻȻʫ̧ͷɬ˫ɾ͸ŴĲҲһĨˣǸܲġ
ʫϣӦԼ׷ַ㿴˫õЦ˵
ҲһаɡʫЦŻӦһһֱĽŲѰȥһվҲڵİ˻ľ׷Ѱ;УܲҵԼ׷ҵҵڵ׷󣬱׷ѰĽŲ֪ܸܲıء
ַһԣȷʵ֪˵ʲôźˣŮڵ׷󣬱׷ѰĽŲ
ģʱܹһУúҵ׷Լַ˫ַڻʫϵԴϣͷЦݺһôĲá
ַͻʫϽӴʱǶݵģҲֻİ·֮ˣʫһûԤϵģַţʫϻıģԼˣַ㲢ûֹԷʲôȥ׷ѰɣҲֹˣһ죬ˣˡ
ҲɣʫϾôַ㣬УõЦݺҪѩڻʱ㣬Զͣһ̣Ǹöá
ţַ΢΢ͷƻɿûʫŵʧ䣬漴ַֻתŲӿ죬ʫϣתʦʯʣڰ˻ľ̨öָҽѩʦԻᴦõģټ
ַӰıģһöָȴŻʫƮ˹
ʫϽָ£ȥӰõЦ֮УỨ˸˶̣
ܹ׷ѰзҲɣ
ѩϵƮ£ַӰʧʫϻδɿǰŬۻ£ŬԼЦôĲϣַļõһ̣
ɵѾͷѾˣ߲֪ʲôʱѾ˻ʫϵļѩ߼ҲԣȥӰ
ⲻ𳤱С쵰Ȼô͵͵ˣ´μһҪúù̹̣ܽܽѩߵ
ԣ˰˻ľһҪС쵰ԽͬԶĻ֮УѾľ
ֻǿСѾͷ̾Ϣ˵ϲʫϲС쵰ɶļһﰡ
ͣʫϲõһЦתżλϼһЦŵϼһСѾͷҪ᲻ã
˵ţʫϵĽŲӼ߹Сųѩķȥüλ漴ӴЦ
ַ̤֮󣬱ٻ޽̤ϣźХľ޽۶ȥȥ⣬ңڣαͽˡ
صĿѾﵽһЩ˼λʦ⣬ʦʯʵϢѡ񣬱㲻ȥˣѡ񣬶ʦԼľַ㲻ȥ룬ǵ·ͬǰǽػأΪԼ·һ
Ψʫϵĳַ֣Ԥ֮ģַţʱ䣬ᵭһУ
رԼ컯ͬʯһгȥһȫſһУԼ
⣬ѩµѪծַ㲻صȥǳȥӢ顣
ַԣǬѩ֮䣬ôңԶˣƶ˺Хľ޽̫ˣֻǶ̶һʱ䣬ַޱߵĽ̤ѩڡ
뵽Ҫգܹصѩ¹Լ˰ˣַоһĨţƺһĨĪļ¶
ǣַ㣬ˣ


1251 ѩ¹
ѩ¹СƷ۹ɽ۹ĸȣѩ¹Ľַ㿴ܺûյĸо
ǶġгǡַĿ⳯ԶȥһĨǵ֮أĦԽѩ¹֮ء
ѩ£һˣַ¶˿˿Ц⣬޽ХŶгǶȥ̤֮ʱɢ̧ͷĿеľ޽ɵͷÿֲǿߡ
˲࣬ĦԽ̫ӣȻҲĦԽ֮䣬Ӧòʲôսˡ
ַа̤ģŶг޽ĺ嫳¥
˿̵ĳ¥֮ϣһѪʿѪףȻǳѪŵˡ
˭Ⱥյľ޽ʱ͵̧ͷֻһµ꣬Ʈҡ
ÿֲ꣬ѩ¹ʵ俰Ʒ۹ӿǿҲôǿɣаеһ񣬱ֱ͸ĸо
¥ǰˣһŵĳɫ׺ƴŻƽɫͷͷҫ۶Ŀݣ̧ͷӰɲǣ壬ɵ΢΢¡
Ưһ˫۾ַĿһ˫۾һĨϤĸо
漴ֻǽͷϵͷж¶һƯͷ˳ĺ˿£дһ˿ǳǳЦݣһλŮӣӢˡ
ַҲ¶һĨõЦݣ޽ХһӰ˲併ڳ¥֮ϣͬ㣬쵽˵۾޷Ӧ
ϡһǹǵĺâŮľʿճǹǹ֮â
£һŭ֮ŮԵĸһ֮ˣϵЩʿɫһ漴ǹУȥһޱַ㡣
ˣ˵˿ӢˬѷǶڻʹпŮȻѾĴյʹн߳
ַĵ˵ͷô
վڸյλãһ廳Ҳ̫Ļ䣬иסλ壬ԼӰӣЦ˵ַ㣬һֱѩµѩµľҪﵱҲһ仰ѣȻû˻
ַЦ£֣һȥ
Ƶ΢΢£мʪ󣬵ȴִŲõЦ
ţ΢һЩʵĵ˵ͷ̧ĿٶȿַʱĿֻвõЦ
ϸַգ漴̤˾޽
ĺХ֮ٶȴ޽ճȥ
ʿȴǰ˰֡
ˣֻ׵굥ϥأңԶȥӰ
£ȵЩʿĿһԣ뻮һ촫ɷϥء
ַ㽫չ˺ģ૵ȴڽһǼ򵥵֣ȴͬһǵԺУǵ嶼΢΢
ַ㽫ַ꣬㽫ѩµ񻰣
ѹƽѣԭַ㽫紫еһᡢݣȺңʧӰֻоȻʧǾ˺ַ㽫һк
ƶˣ޽֮ϣѾȥһװ¶һħģѾûַһμʱĻƢԵŮ˲١
ƷƣĲַ㿴׵ƣɨһۣĿдǳЦ
ưַһۣ漴Цַ㣬ǵǵһμ𣡡
ô᲻ǵã㱻һɵַʼ磬ʱܵĿ졣
˭ôɫȻҪ͵ԡյ龰˿ȴоŵܰٵǣġ
ʲôʱ͵ԡˣֻ·ѣң㲻ˮпʲô𣡡ַ˵
ߣǵڶһȪˮأ˵ԼûռұˣƵַ㣬һܹԼ𣬾ȻԼռˣԼĶԼ棬ʱ߲ѡ
ҵˣռˣʲôַЩ޳ܵ˵
˭ˣַĻַ㣬˵֮ʱȴ˵ԵЩ㣬ӢˬŮ˿ϾһĨɬ֮⣬΢΢ЩΡ
治ǣַЦƣȴӣ漴Դֵȥ
쵰̧ͷַƺݺݵĶ˶ַĽţַʹҧҪҪôݡ
ҺΣַЦƵ屧סƺݺݵţȴַ˫֣ϾǺ֮ɫƬ̲ڰпַĻУˮôˣĸо
ȥˣַƵı彫иȴƹµ˼ַ꣬еһЩΣѾԼǵҲϲԼģȻַչ˺ҲӦġ
ǰֶ̣ͬͶȥɣЩĦײֻΪܰ䡣
޽ĿֲٶתۼܹԽһǳأַھ޽֮ϣӵڻУסǿҵ磬¿յķ羰
ƵдܰЦˣûоůҲΪַѾ׵иַ㲢ûзϣҲַ㣬ϾַʲôأֻйһЩԶѡ
ˣַ㲻ڵĻһֱһξ룬ԶغڶгǣһֱŸ׵㼣롣
Ȼַ֣ȴôԼ뵽ôԥ
˿̣иֻ޾ů֮⡣
ǰĻʳǣʱƿ¿շյĻʳǣɷȴѾûڻʳǵҫ
ţڴʱַüͷ΢壬ֻʳһӰڿգϢȣǿʢޱȣ¿֮˶Ҫ롣
䣡ַɫһʵƷƣѩ¹ʲôʱֹˣ
˵ߣɫһߣǿֲĴڡ
ȥгѾһ֪꣬ߵһУӦòŶԣУҲӦݳǵĻʹУƻӦ˵
ַ΢΢ͷһʱ޽Х߶ȥ
̧ͷž޽ХжȻһ貵ķâ
ÿľ޽Ŀⶢž޽֮ϵַƣһ֮ˣһ侳ϡ
£ѩ£ַ㵭Įһƻعͷַһۣ𺳣ߣַ˵Ȼǳǿơ
ڸ˵һЦĿⶢַ㣬СУ߽׵˶֮٣ߣΪΪ
ϻַƸܵ˶Է̹Ȼһ
ôĿ⽣ԼĴָŮԼɣͷųֲϢַȥǿʢޱȣƼѹֵ˼£䣬ÿ£


1252 ԰˻ĵѹ
ַ㿴ŶԷȻһâһµҪԷ̴ߵӶȻһͷ͵Ĳ¡
ַ³һ͵Ļгһ貵ĽâֱԷȥ
ַһʱضնѣһâ˲ɱɫȻҪֿȴ͵촫һֱֱ֮Уնϡ
䣡ƵȻͷ͵Ĳ£š
ַĻУַһֱֻ壬һֻֻһǴ˵ǿߣնһֱۣ
һâ̫졢硣
ַ㣬˴ιѾܹնߣ
˲ɫҰףѪХ㷭ݣҪָնϵֱۣȻĶַ㡣
ǡַ㣡˵ţַ㡣
ţַһͣâ˸ŶԷ˻ľˣ
Ψа˻ľˣſܻϳˣȻ˵˻ľˡ
еˡɫ԰ף޸ղŵǿƣԵЩ΢ַ˻ģҵʥնˣҵοһССߣʾַּ
ô£ʱһӰڿնϵϢȣǿޱȣ伶ǿߣǿͬ鱻նһֱۣĿѿַ㡣
ַ㣬֪ˡƺַͬ㣬æڣٵĻǻĺܲңˣַ㿴ģַʵһ˾նˡ
ַ㣡
ַ㣡
ЩһɫͲ¶𾪵ɫȻ紫еһῡʣΪضѣȻնĨɱһ˵㲻Ҫ콣ͽַǰҲͬһ
Լ죡ַ³һɻΪѩ¹ôߣѵʼҵͨˣ
ɫһ죬ߣҪͬԼ죿
ֻϢʱ䣡ַһĨ޵ĺͷŶ
ģ촫ĺݺݵ˦Լһ⣬ֻԼ飬˲õˣҪĻͲҪ
ʱַѾƽھ޽֮ϣеԽԽǿңôĿֲǿߣܹһɽĿֲߣȻηַ㡣
΢΢ƲԴƿſݵգ¶˿˿ЦݣЩᣬַɳ߶ηĵز־˶ĥѣ²ܹõġ
ȻϿԼַ㣬ĳɾͣȻĸеˡ
ʼ֮ˣַĮʵ
Է΢΢ҡҡͷַɻ֮ɫ
ʼ֮ˣӰ˻ľѩ¹ôǰ棡ַ˵ԷȻַʵʻͷȻַ㾹ȻԼԴӰ˻ľǰСٶô죬ÿֲͶӰ֮ԴͶӰ֮оǣ˻ľͬʱʼʩѹ˻ĵѹʼңʼҹ󣡡
߻Ӧ˵ַһ˻ľʼʩѹ
ѩ¹ʲôȻʹ˻ľǿʩѹʼҾȻЭˣɼ԰˻ľѹж󣬿뿪󣬰˻ľйһֲĲҲпڰС
˶ܽãַʵ
ԣʱڣʼЭ˻ľ󣬵Ҫһİ֮ΪۣʼҲԼķѾ޴ԴȥΪ˻ľ˲ϵ󣡡
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Ȼ֮ǰܻ뵽ֿܣ˻ľʼʩѹ
ƺɽʲôַĿ͸һâǿߵĽٱеĻҪ죬ųеСС籩Ѿ۳ɿֲΣ˺ѩ£ʱ򣬻֪ж˻ή١
ߣַһʱ޽գ磬ݳǵķȥ
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½򣬱Ϊʥݣʥ֮⣬а˻ʮ򡢾ʮΧƣ˻ľָǰ˻ʮ򣡡ַƽһ
½Ǳߣһǿưɣѹּ֣λ߼Ŀֲˡ
ţصʶв٣֮ˣǶţë
ʣɫӲһֱѩ¹ԣʣ̫ңԶˣϵǳһ޷ֻڴ˵֮Уͬǰδ߳ѩµַоһģߣУǸ߲ʵġ
Ǻ㣬ô𣡡ͻȻЦ£ַգգۡ
ܱ˹飡ַЦЦ˵Ʒ˷ۣûѾܹǰң߹ˣȻôå
åôַʼ磬ϵƳ滬˻ɫһ漴ɫ糺һƬݺݵĵַ㣬ַĻУӲѡ
ƺҲôɵģַ¶һĨõЦݣƻصһȪԶƵʱ⣬Ƕθ£ʵΪһ£ֱƺڱţŲϵĸı䣬ϰĮ磬Ҳֻ׽ЩǰܱһĨĲá
쵰åأԽ߲ѣַϴš
յĻŮҲẦأҲåǽǻиåģַЦ˵Ƹ޵ݣ̧ͷ
ѩ¹Ļʳǣݳǡ
ӰƮȻ룬һŮӿޱȣƮݷǷŮǷǳĻ˻ǣĶƸİ䣬·˲࿴˼ۡ
ȻַԼƣݳǺַƱӾ޽ݳУַһƵӶ̽ݳеȺȻַ㷢֣ݳУ伶ǿߣȻ˲٣ⶼܼһˡ
ȻĴߡַΪ֤ʵһԼĲ²⣬󹫿˻ľ֪жǿ̤㣬ǿ߶ԣѩ²СȻÿһǳضפݳΪʳǣפǿֻ࣬ңַ㼸ܹԤƺɽܱפƲǰ˻ľǿһЩ
ð˻ľǿ߲ΪѩĿĵģԲȥΪһЩͨˣѩ¶Ծѡ
֪û˶ʹϾݳǻʹͨĵط
뵽ַƵ壬һڴϵȺһӰƮǲ˲۾ȴʲôҲûУͬһַһ


1253 һ
ݳǣѩĻʳǣƽѩ¹Ļʹļӿǿߣ׷̤䣬âҫۡ
յѩ£˻֮ưԣ˸֮棬䣬ȴҲôϡˣ˵ʹʮˣ½̤ǿľ磬ӴҲԿѩ¹ķʢǿѾƷ۹ĵˡ
ȻݳǵĲ˷֣ԭи߸ϵ䣬ʵСÿһЩǿߵУôĴͬһݳǵ֪жǿʢ֮ӣ֮˲лȨǰңߣ˵ݳУࡣ
ѩ»ңôĥѣû뵽վĴǶǾ֮ܡʱݳǵĻʹ⣬ǻʹæµȺɵð̾Ϣ
ЩǿߵǰǸ߸ϵѩ»ңһΪޡΪ⣬ֻ׸
ʲô취ʹеɱ˵еߣޱӵУЩ˸ʹеȺֱӳˣﻹʱǨ㡣
ԣͬһλݳǵ̾Ǽ̫ǿˣһܽɱһӡܽһȺѩ»ҳ⣬޷ˣֻЭ
ϧַѾѩ£Ļ֪ʲôҲַǿƣôҲܰǨġ
һַѾܹɱˣÿֲɱߣ񣬲ַ֪ʲôʵ
ûõģַȻǿϾ̫ˣôЩ˵еᲢۣңһβһλߣǺüɿֲѩ£޷⡣
̸ݳǻҷ֮£۷׷ףżȻ䷢һĨ̾Ϣ
ȴ֪һУ̸۵ַĤ֮С
ʱַƱ˻ʹ֮⣬еϲѾһĮ嵭ȻˣҪʹļң
ʹǵλ˻ľ٣Ҫʹƺ⣬ңֻҪĹ۲죬ܹʹв˲ٴ
ϣ˶ãַŲǰ̤ڻʹ֮Уһмʿפأɫףһɫ£͸Ÿ֮˫פػʹеĳѪţΪĳѪţգַĲ£׷ַݵʱ䡣
ͨľʿûʸػʥ֮أΨгѪţӵҫ
ЩʿӰʱĿ̼漴ǵ壬΢΢ϵ׶ɳɳ졣
ĻòŮӣô᲻ϵã֮Ůƽ
Ƶԣǿݵֻ꣬һۣǵҲ޷ƿ
֮ڶǹڵϣңʹ̸ȺĿȻ佩Ӳѩ¹ʹȻһŮϥأд˴
뻮һĴ֮Ҫ˵ĶĤѣռ֮УһѪϢ

ԶȺɫӲѩ¹Ϊˣֻһλַ㣡
ַ㣡ͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬Щ˵Ҳ΢΢ţַ㡢ַ
ǵԴֻ¡һը죬һľǿƮȻַ꣬㣡
ַˣһλصѩ£
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ַŲ̧˸̤˻ʹУļң
ϡЩʿһճǹײϷײ죬ɫַ㽫ˣһУģ
ʹַɢȥټĻʹסʱ˵һһȫӳַС
ʱĸκɺ͸ڳ֮ͤУüĿƺ̸ŲĵĻ⡣
ҶôĴκε覴ãԼСԺлŻҶԣмŮͤͤȶˣǳ
СšأѩǶãַϵĮʧ¶˲õЦݣСŶѾͤͤΪƯŮص۾ô峺Ҳ˼֣ѩƯˣǣܺãȻڻʹ֮УʱǳЩû̫µĺۼ
ϺϻæµأַЦ£λлͷŵҩƺôģƺæµŰǨ
ַԶ޹ؽҪֻҪҰã죬һУѾô
ʱַ΢΢ͷϴһĨЦݣ漴³һһˣ
һˡһˣ
һ̼쳹ʹ̼䣬ټĻʹУֻʣΨһһһˡ
̸ֺκȻһ漴¶һĨϲĿȻתԴ֮ȥ
С𣿡κ૵оỨǧĸԶĵ֮һٸҹУǻῴԼĺ޹ַǷ񳤴޹ַʵжǿǶԣַ㣬ֻǵĺӣ˶ѣ
ҶĻʶȻ˵ϣ漴̧ͷԶ˲佫û
С鶯漴һܣڿն˷ܵĺ磡
ַ㣡૵Ŀ͸һĨǳǳЦ⣬Զ
ѩɶǣɵɵЦţƿߵ˿ģҲˡ
¡зһը漴Ӱ˵˻˶Էһۣ漴ָŶԷЦǵ϶һƬ
ʹУһ˶̧ͷңķַϢͬһ籩㣬ڻʹŰڶݵ˲䣬һɨգȡ֮ģΨ˷֮顣
ַˣһжģ
һַǰСѾͷֻ׹£Цĳַ㣬ֱӳַĻ׹ȥ
磬ڻˣ
һַ㱧ŴӿмµСţɵĺߣҪѹ
ˣҲ֪ߣַ㱧СѾͷ漴СֻͤͤԴ
˭ôòңⲻ̫𣡡С΢죬ֹ˾䣬ַƶһۣ漴ЦѾͷĻẦأ
ЦңСŰЩƵĵ
áЦַСŵԴ漴СӰдŲõЦ⣬סĸף
ͺáͺáκĨȥ۽ǵỨֻʣ´Ц
Сڼǵûˣֺǵַ˵ַһЦ漴ֶЦ
ʱ΢ĴϢֻ֮һӰߣĿЦݣȴˮЩϲõᡣ
ͣ½ŲҶôվǣַ㣬Ҫ˵ʲôȴǧȥһ仰Ҳ޷˵
ַŲһ磬ߵҶߣ˫Ϊȥ۽ǵᣬȻˮȴ·ԽԽࡣ
ĽҶӿ뻳УˮҲ޷ֹסӿַմʪ


1254 ˵
ˣȥˣַḧҶ˳˵˶ˣ¶õЦ
ܾûôЦҲΨַ㣬ܴ˻һĻΪ˵ģǣһˡ
ƷƣˣκǰȥƵ֣͵Ц
̣ƴ¿κɣֱĸоַĹϵ˽չκɣҲĸˡ
ɵѾͷܿˣκɴҲøĿ˰ɣ
ƶڻʹΪĹڣգַ뿪֮κҲᾭȥƣѾͷ¶ˣҶһżῪһЩڻѡ뿪ǰгǡ
ǣƵ˼κῴַһκֻһƵ֪ʲô
κɵĻƵԴʱ΢΢£¶һɬ֮⣬漴ĸף
úӣκĿϲӵסƵԺͽҺ嵱ĸˣ
֪еĿ࣬ҶһǿĺӣҶʼңãûԣƣĸѲڣսǶַ࣬ΨһˣСһ߾ȻôòŻһˡ
Ҳ֪Сĸ֣κɿӵҶַһĿȴǸͣôŮϲĺӣĸ׵ģʵҲǸ˵ġ
ʱҶַ㻳гĨɾᣬ۾Щģַ㣬õɵЦš
޳ɻˣַҶЦ˵ǵҶһۡ
̧ͷַ㿴վҶλŮЦźһءѩ
ַĺֻǺЦţվǡ
СһˣʱһˬʵȺ̧ͷ֮У漴Ӱ٣ڵϣʱж¶˹Źֵɫһա
ַ㿴ź֣ҲһȻˬʵЦϡϣǼųҲôɣôϴ
ַĻĵЦ
λүӶǿˣôע󡣡ֺЦ
㱦һ󺰣ϼһｫ¯ըˡϴӵۣһɫʱȺǴЦҧ
ַ㣬Ҫúøͷӽһ磡ĿȵĶַ㣬ƿʲô㡣
С㣬Ҳ֪Щ涼ʲôЩʲôطֺͬڵַΪѾ͸ˣȻǲ̫󣬶ңַϣûаϢһͨ˰㣬ȻΪַͨҪ˽һѩµž棬ľʡ
İɣַ㿴еĵԼģЦ˵漴һ޴̨ͤ£ַͶҶһ飬ҶҲߣϸ΢ĶַзǳůҪ˵ʲôҶ˽⣬ң鵱ǽһʲôʸųأ
СѾͷַˣȻӺſϣ˫ֹĲӵϣַЦ
ڴ½һ嫵أΪ˻ľڰ˻ľжĻġлġɻġԼѪģÿһĶĺ嫣ӵͨ쳹صǿߣޱǿʡ
ַĵһ仰Ľסڴ½룬а˻ľͨ쳹صʡʣ
漴ַ㿪ʼ˵Ű˻ľͬʱҲż˵Լļ̸̸̨ԼһЩʦ֣Ҳ̸Լڰ˻ľо飬Ȼַ㶼û˵ϾҪߴҵģֻһ򵥵Ĺ¡һƬ嫵ĵЩ룬Ǽ򵥵˽ԼĵطȻ˳Ҳһˡ
ַߴսϺͳźƻ֮ɫѪҺڷڣþʵ磬ѩ¹ǣǾ֮ܡ
ڰ˻ľһɿֲڣʥأʣڵʥŮѩ֮壬롣
磬ʥŮ֮Ľ컯ʥ㣬㣿СַĶ˵
ַ˵ͷˣڵȴ⣬Ҫ׷ɱң
ôƯʥŮĵغã磬ôûаѱƭСЦ˵ַ㷭˷ۣѾͷݡ
㣬𣡡ҶŵĿַʵ
Ѿ׻Ϊˣң츳ǳ̨ҲǼʱѾˣַЦ˵
ߣ˵һô죬ȻҪˣÿֲ
û뵽ҶҪ߶ϱˣκЦ棬ߣǴ˵еǿߣĶϱѾ̤롣
С㣬ʲôΪˣֺһǶַڵΪ
أСֹһʱ˵ĿⶼСţѾͷ˵İɣ
ַһȻСţֻСŲһЦͷ磬˵ģ
СѾͷ򵥰ַСŵԴʱСŵͷĹĵĵַ㣺磬СŶѾˣ㻹ͷ
˲ôַЦŵ
С㣬أֺΪأѾˣΪǴ˵еߡ
šַ˵ͷ߻Щ࣡
ûϵҶӵ츳ܹΪǸ߸ϵߣһֺĿ˸Ҳû뵽˶ݵʱ䣬ĶӣѾʼ׷Ǵ˵еľ硣
ѩ¹ңĿ꣬񣬲Źʮַ㣬Ѿ׷ˣ
ߣǵַһַۣһЦ
Ʒƣôˣκɶʵ
ĸףַ㲻ʵЦ˵
ôʵѵֹأֺɫһǲֹأǸӽˡ
ףΪɬĺֺһֺЦ档
ǲַ֪Ӷгǽݳǵ·ϣĻʳǣ˺öߣƿ˵ʱɫһߡ
أʲôֺæʵ
Ƴַ㿴һۣЦ˵ַ㣬һͽһλߵֱն
˻ֺͻǶһַ㣬һնһλߵֱۣǴ˵еǿߣַһܲס
С㣬˵ʵΪַֺ
ģַЦѣֺ𺳣ַ˵ֺҲַ֪սǿҲû뵽ǿ̶ֳȣܹԽ󾳽磬ߡ
ףһû˵أĵһʱֺĿһͣУ
˵ĿҲ˲俴ƣַ㣬ѵն߲ɣ
ȻһڿգַҵǰϢǳǿҶоҪϢ
ƵĻͷһû˵š
ǣַֺ˵һˣңַԼԼ죬ߣĸԼˣ
ƿˣ˵˾䣬ʱһ˵ĿⶼַֺƨҷˣңԼ죡


1255 
Ƶϴ˿˿ǳЦȺ𾪱飬Ƹоǳ㣬ʱҲòƽַ㣬Ѿܹ̤Ǵ˵еˡ
𾪹ֺһַ㣬¶ŹֵɫСӣȻôˣ
ҶֱַϣַʵǿȻǷĵĸˡ
С㣬֮Ǻ󣬷һЩʲô£ֺĿһĨ֮⣬ַ˵
һѾ֮֮У棬õɱ䣬֮飬ұ㲻һһϸ˵ˣȻ֪Ҫ˵ʱַЦ£˵ȥˣĿͻأֺʵף˵ҪǨʹ𣿡
ַ̤ʹһֱҪѯˣռϲã뱻⻰嵭ˣ͸¶һЩʵ֪ǰģҲ÷ĵĽԭί
ֺ£漴΢΢ͷַ㣬ݳǣͻȻңʵǿ󵽿£вУǿҪפǻʹ֮ڣʹȥ򣬳ȥһɱһ
ȥһɱһַֺĻһһĽâ
ң⻹Ϊܹ赲ǵ󷨣Ļǵһ˾ɱˣкЩѪʿһƻɱֺ˵һâַ㲻ڣʹˣǿߣȴֻУֻ󷨵һЩѪʿն
ǰȥûΪҪɱҪУ˵㡣ַгѪɱӸ䡣
ҲҵĵģһֱԥҪҪȫ󷨵У˵ֵǣһܹƵǿߣָΣУܲԶڻʹ棡ֺŭ˵
ѣҲ̾һûʵˣ׸
֮ôַ૵Į
С㣬ɲҪ嶯κַȰڶ࣬ʵǿܹԸһЩߣ޷Ӵ⣬ֻ취
ǲУǺţһֱȥݳǴáֺҲϣַײǿַһܹԸ˵ģǵĶַ㣬츳ףѾܹԸ䣬ӵǱֻҪٵȼ꣬±˳
ɽڡûգַ㣬Ҫʱ䣡ҲȰһַЦЦȻ˶ԼԼһʱ嶯
ңȥ̽£ݳǣѩ¹ǿ֣߳ɷ籩ģȻС֮أƺɽ˵פǿߣΪֲǼµһЩ֪Ǵðģ
԰˻ľһַЦ˵ʱȺһ԰˻ľ
ѹһɹô£ԭǿƵİ˻ģ
С㣬סҪ嶯ãǻмʱ䣬Կһ£ȥġֺƺģȰһ
ףסַ΢΢ͷûжʲô˵Ķˣĸ
ˣС㣬մӰ˻ľôԶǱһֱʶҲ˰ɣЩϼһˣҶֺЦ£ַԼķִ磬ҪȰҲѾȰˣַԼоģ㲻Ϲˡ
С㣬黹ҶзƷƣǶĸԸĸ㣬ĸ֣ĪҪЩúӡκͻȻַ㴫һм࣬ԼĶŮϲȻǸ˵ģҲϣӸ˭ֺܵĥѹˣϣ·ַŮϡ
ĸףףַͬһκɵַһۣ漴ЦҶƣҶƷƣǺúС㣡
˵գֺһ뿪ˣϺͳЦ£ȻʶȤˣֻһЩŮǻַߡ
ҶκߵĻ϶¶һĨɬ֮⣬ַЦ£ŤͷԵҶḧݣҶˣ
ҶַָߣĿ֮⣺ͺˣߣȥ
˵ţҶַ漴ܵһԣƵ֣ЦƷƣҲһסɡ
ǰסڽڣΪ˱Щ֮£ȻǲҪסźá
лл֪Ҷĺ⣬мĿҶһۡ
һˣ˵ʲôллԺҾͺƷƽˣߣŮ˵̤ǽַַЦ¡
磬㿴öðɣСַıϣԴַЦ
ãСãַѾͷһۣͤͤŮˣСֽһ˶ӣַ㱳СŸҶǡ
Ҷϲ徲ţסĵطСˮûиʵĴֻˮвõĵŷ䣬СźҲһֱҶһסģŮһڣҲȥ˼֮ࡣ
лûȪַ㿴ƵĶҶЦŵʱҶ΢΢һ죬ַһۡ
ҺͷƷƽһ˯ְɣҶߺߵ˵
ַһЦջؼңòôݰɣ
Ӧܶ˯һ˲Ŷԣַ˵˾䣬ҶӦһڣַ㽿å
Ʒƽ㣬ߣǲҶƳŶеķȥַĬĬô͵Ҷһǰһˡ
үҪȥϢɣҺһ𼷼ѩַɵȰ
ַ㿴һɫҹĻ£΢΢˵ͷҲãѩ鷳ˣ
鷳Ҫүѩڵūأȥһ·䣡ѩС뿪Ҳһȥˣַ㿴Сţ˫յСţûүү
С£漴Ĭĵ˵ͷ
ʱˣұȥүүַСŵԴĵ
ţǸɻҪǿŶʥݶڴ½еֻŻһƬôأȰ˻ľ֪ǿʢ˶ٱŶСЦĿַ㡣
һŬģСҲַͣЦ˵ʵıǿַ֪ĶȻҲһöӡԼϣǸֻ֮һӡǶѣֻһӡǣֱһߣϵʵɲ⡣
ʱ־Ҫ̤½
ַ૵еĸҥʥݣ̤ƾ½־꣬Сȥĸ磬жǿ츳


1256 Ҷĵ
ʹеҹַܰĴϣô۾ɵһĨ
һӣƺɽǲƽԼУ㰲ĵУ̬ƽ͡ȶ
֨΢촫ַ۾漴Цűϡ
Ҷ˸ԴĵĿһۣ漴̤΢ĽŲַԣ˯ŵӰɵƲƲ죬漴ַߡ
Ȼַȴ·˯ú㣬ûзӦҶ̲ס強˼ַ㣬ȴûκζ
㻹װҶЩˣײײַӣַЦ漴˷ԴҶֻƲ죬ݺݵĵ
ôˣֱַѹҶϣҶɫ˲Ʋ죬ĵ˵ͷ
㾹Ȼ氲ĵ˯⣬ȥһۡҶԹ˵
ⲻ˵å𣡡ַƵĵ
ߡҶС죬ȴַԴ΢΢£Ĵ£Ҷɫʱһе˲׿ֻʣһĨİ⣬
ַ˫ҶգЦ˵ҶôΪôˡ
ռҶַбɻĻʹУΪ֮ˣȻĸĸҲǻϺͳϣǣҶ
ҶΪѾأ˵ЩֲˣϾǰҶǲôϲġ
Ҷַʻ¶һ˿ֵֹɫƺԼҲɻ󣬵Ҳֻ֪ͻȻһ죬ڤڤк˽ҸоĹǷǳġ
ַ͵һֻо΢΢ЩǹɲԤгΪʵ
ҶģǶôƣңǵĳ࣬һģһ
ַ㣬ôˣҶƺַܵе¶ȺͻȻɵ¶һĨŵɫ
û£ַ㽫ĵֻôĿҶܿ죬ҶҲЦ
ַ㣬Ʒƽ㻹ס⣬ȥƷƽ㣡Ҷַӡ
ַȴ΢΢ҡͷЦŵ㶼ˣħצ𣡡
ַĻҶʱͨ漴ַ΢΢£ȥ
ҶԴתһߣҿַ㣬ͨޱȡ
ַĿȣеĶȴᣬʵǸ£Դ΢΢£ҶԴ漴ǹĴͬʱƣַ֮ϣĸţʱ΢΢Ҷ˫ֿʼסַ㣬Ľ״̬
һȥü٣˵ӵˮ齻ڡ
ҶַѹҶϣഥŶԷ¶ȡ
Ҷŵˮг޾İԼɬַ۾ˡ
ҶԺʲô㶼ҪǵãҶӣַ˵ţٴҶڡ
ţҶӦıַ㣬Զǵõġ
鲻ϣַ㽥ķ֣ƺҶ׵ĽһҲûˣΨˡ
ҶҲûȥԼȫͷšţΧһвڷ֮У֣֡׵أΨҶˡ
ַ㣬ҵ磬úõİңҶĿ͸һĨ꣬޾ջַΪ룬ڰ֮УоԼ뵽ƬȻУҶһȥҶƬأһ塣
֪˶ãֻ֮ص˷֮Уӵһַ㿴ŻеҶֻҶɫͨޱȣղŵķݶоޱӣٿַ㡣
ַûж˵ʲôĽҶţղţӦҶɣȻ򣬺һؾʱ򣬾ͳ򣬲ַҲȥʣĶᣬֺܽƵĻ֮һȥ
˷أط죬취ȻС֡˳Ȼġ飬Ҳ
Ҷ͵͵̧Դַһۣ¶Цݡ
ȻѹУһ˳ӦȻȥش
ѹֽߵҶſԼУΪĹߵĴ֮·
ҵҶôˣַЦ˵ʱҶ¶˵Цݣôĵõİ˰Ҹ
ɵѾͷַ㽫ҶԴӵԼĻУ˾ô˯ȥ׵ķɣûκǵĸ֮С
һҹַ˯øĳ׿һУ۾֮ʱҶ·ߣֳԴôĿ
ҶҪַЦ˵ʱҶ΢죬ַһۣˣһҪ·䣬ѱѩķŪˣ
ַһЦ漴ʵˣǱѩķ䡣
һЩʱ̣ʰ߳˷䣬档
磡СѾͷѵ棬۾һһĿҶЦźҶ㣬컻·ÿ
ҶСŵĻɫ΢죬漴СûûεЦ£ַ㳯ǰȥ磬Ҷ㣬ҪСŵߣƽʱٳȥ߶ģ
ãСţַСѾͷԴ
ؽ㡢ѩ㣬Ҫһ𣡡СЦ˵
ţһ𣡡ַ˵ͷصݳǣûкúÿһԼļ磬СǺúһߣݳǵķ羰ٹ죬кܶҪʼæµˣ֪ƺɽǱˣݳߵǿûжĻҲǰģĻפѩµῪʼж
峿ݳǣģһӰݳǵĴСò˲Ŀ
ŮǺüλ˭ʵҲøΧͶĽĿ⣬һŮһԳƵˣƺĹϵǣһ˴Ȼһ˿˿ȡħˣһСѾͷͤͤĻãǺŵλŮҲˮᣬϧ
һˣ᲻עĿ
磬СѾͷܵһ̯λǰһЩС⣬֮ͷΣЩҲֻݳ׼ڰ˻ľֵطȴǲ
ַɰݳǵƽΪȻдǻõѾͷַҲеġ
ˡˡԶòĿ⡣
Ϊ׵ˣһŮʲŮӢˬŻɫĳۣƯȴһĨ䵭֮⡣
ܷݳּҵ֮Ůϧּҳһַ㣬Ļݳǣּҳۣ˲ϳ˴Ůǲǰݳּ֮Ůּܷҽַ壬ַǿѩ£Ϊѩ񻰣ѳΪһ׮̸ΪȺ෹ǲȻżҲ˻ַܷĻּܷ
ǰʱգܷǿƻصּңһСĲ


1257 ۽ʹ
ܿ죬ַҲ˿֮ϵĻɫӰƽвɵ΢΢һ˿ɫ
ַܷٴμܷвɵǰ£ǰŮһμķܷ֮Уյּңܷôҫۣңӽãվƶˣվַһ˦ں档
ܷȻҲ֮Ϣ̫ȹ̣ӦǸո̤䲻ãҲʲôּҶԣһǿߣһϵҫ
˻ַͣǰԶܷĿ˲ַϣôʣƺǰһᣬʣȴȻһˣյַ㣬ƳһѪ꣬˫峺Уȴƽͣһ¶ɣܷҲ֪һ
͸ܷһĨʧ䣬ƴͼԽǱѩΪ񻰵꣬ٴֻǿ͸ַ㣬ַ㣬ΪӦѾнɡ
ʶܷԵתͷܷʵ˿˿ãССѩ¹ȻһλôƵ꣬Ůƣûһߵܷ
ѩ¹϶ѣҲ䣡
죡ܷĮ³һĿƽ漴ֻһЦһޣʱսǰȥ
һ³Ƶ޻ûһӰÿռ䷢Хֲ
ܷĮȻĿ޳ַһ˦ȥûκεı飬Ҳ˿˿ĿУҲҪַʽѰһ˿οɲַ㣬ߵˣַ㡣
֮гһӰ죬ţ·̿ߣļλһ֮յ㣬̤֮Ҫַ̤֮¡
ַ͡˻֣һ͵촫ӰնϣŰɢΡ
Ų΢΢ǰһ磬һɿֲĽ˺ѿռ䣬˻µĿ˺ѣԼüͷһ壬ûڿգһͷҰݣַץȥ
֪ŭȣƺƴŽâ̹ǡ
ַƺַܻƽеֱӳַƿɱȥ
꣡촫һģĲҽУƱ˺ѣַƽȴֱӿʺ˿С
ҽһ˺ѵǣɫҰֽյ岻ϵĲš
Ҷң͸Ѫɫַ㣬ѩ¹˾ȻҶ˺ƣ˿̵ƺ˸ղһĽѵ
ַû˵ʲôֻжӦԷɣŶԷ͵ĳŵȥǵ촫ըѣ³һѪɫǲҰûһ˿Ѫɫ
ʱһԵܷĿҲ΢΢ţôܣΪأôַǰôһ
ַ㣬סַ֣Ļ̌Ҫϼ̤ȥܷһ
ַĽգĮĿܷ⳯ȥʵ£
ǵģ㲻ļˣסܷ֡һǿ߾פּңµĻһģҲԷļǿߣǨŭ
ǲ𣿡ַ㵭˵һȴѩַ㴫үƻʹеһˣҿ
ַ˻һܷȥֻܷо׹˱ѵУ̹ǣַĿ⣬䡣
ּҲˣҪҲһ棡ַ³һ漴ܷע£Ų͵ĳ̤˺ѷεĲҽڴԡ
ַ㣬ѩ¾ַ㣡
ѹֻô飬Ȼַ㣬ˣ
ܷһ󺰣˿ﻹ᲻ַ֪˭ʱһɫкüвȻҰǨ֮ݳǵ˭˲ַ֪ڴ˿̹֪ηӦ
귢ԼΪϵʱɫޱȣĶַ㣬޾Թһ˻ľ޶ԣûΪζǷˣ磬ڼ壬Ҳ޾ͱҲûʶַ㣬˭
Ҫȫ壡ĺΪˣӴ
ַ㣬ڵġܷͬɫѿ걻ϣǶԷļǨŭǲʹġ
ò㵣ģַ㵭Į˵һ漴΢΢͵ķ˳ȥܷȥ
ܷסȴַ㿴䵭ĵ
ַһ֣ܷɫѿ˼£ֻһ֣ٴμַ㣬ԷǾԵĸ߶ȸϡ
ʱַ⣬ַַ֮ߣԶô΢
ˣַܷ̤ӹĮһһڵģ
ַ㲢ûܷĻȻ֪֮һȻҪ˳ֽ
ߵļλŮӣַǸЦֻܵˣ
ɨˣСЩƵ˵һûпʼػʹ
ַˡ
ߣȥʹеκһɶǼĿ£ַһǻܲʹıѵҪ󷨵𣿡
ַ뿪ʱƬռձ׵ĵȼˣĽŲŻʹķ̤ȥѩµ񻰣ܵľԵȴǿµӵд˵еߣӦԡ
ܷصּҸ֮ۡפּҸ֪ۡ걻ʹе˷ϵܿ죬һӰּ̤ңƺƵĿʹ
뿪ּ֮֮˵֪ϵΪ˾Ȼַ㣬ʱޱȸӣһַ𺳵ķʽع飬̤ݳǣּҵˣϣַعּң˼ģȻּմַ㸸ӵȴֻĮ裬ַôܻӦ֮ʱ㲻ϵļ̤Ի֮ʱȥַϢּ֮˸ӵд𾪣ַ㣬ǿһΣҪùˡ
ţּҵȺҲָ̤֮Żʹȥ
ݳ̫Сˣһ㶯ǿܿ죬õϢǣҲ̤פ֮أʹȲˣǰжûʹе˹ȥѩ£һϹȣʲôǿ⣬ǹͶԹԵĹȥɱ
һգݳǵĿ⣬۽ʹ


1258 Ϸֻʹ
ѩ£ʹַ֮󣬱˽ʥУΪ˱ⲻҪϾʹе߶ʵ̫ˣһܽһȺֱټĻʹַҲһȫס
ͬʱݳǵȺŻʹ˴飬Ȼ˶뿴ΣѩµĻң᲻Ӵ˳Ĩ
ӵǿߣȻݳǵѽѩǿƵʵ뵽߿ܻңɻһľǣַ㣬Ҳˡ
֮УֺĿԶ͸һĨǵɫѾ֪Ĺ̡
С㣬嶯ˣôи׼ֺΪĵ˵
ַһЦû˵ʲôгһöӡԽٶȣ򣬻Ǻ󣬶Ӧõѩ²Ŷԣ񣬸Ͻˡ
Ը򵥣ǣѩ¹½֮ضҪǰƺɽģʹûǿ߻׼ýһЩǿߣפѩ»ʹֱѩ̫ƽ
ۣӡ飬ַ¶һĨЦ뵽Ҫȡʹ˵һĺâ
嶯嶯ɣԺһֱ֮УҲһֱݳСκɵ˵ֺҲֻܵͷû뵽һפּңϣּ޹أ
ȻּҶԲֺϾּҵѪҺңĸףϣּ̳ҵġ

һĴ֮ڻʹз죬һûʹ𵴡
ʹеȺ޲ͷɫ΢Щ԰ףˣ֮һ֮ʹ
Хܿ죬Զ֮УһкƺƵӰн֮ȻԷѾ׼Ǩ㵽ʹסȫˡ
ĺÿ죡ֺһ
ʹʥǰһƬشֺ˾վ󷨵ıԵ˫֮䣬һǶܹĿԷӰȽٵһפּҵǱַϵ꣬˿̱һ˷ţַ㣬͸ɱ⡣
ףҽʬΣ񶾣ַ㣬Ϊ˷ˡ
˿ֺ̣ѾԸʥƴ󣬶ʱһֲѹ֮дʥ󷨣ߣҲ̤롣
ΪбãĸźâԼƫҪǱ
ֺüͷţߣ֪кεȵͨһУǱλߣ֪ʲôֶζԸǡ
ףЩŮģҶҪˣַָλŮӱ䡣
ãȫ㣡˵
ϻ𣿡ַĻĮ˵һЩǿɫһ
ҪֵĻԿ㣡ַٶ˵Щɫѿ漴ĸת˵󷨵Χû棬û˿󷨣ǻĿ
ãһȺ֮ˣ֪Ķһ˵һСȻ˸ҺǶԿ֪
ԳƻʹʣһȺ֪ˡ
Щ˲Ϸ̳в¶ŭɫǿߣΣ
Х֮ԶӰߣֻƬ֮󣬱˻ʹϿշҲһϢȣǿʢޱȣżȻͷŵѹǰȺ𺳵ɫЩǿߣÿһ
סҪݻٽȻһȺϵסǷǳзԺǵġһΪ֮˵һѾʹ֮
ʱ䣬ȻһȺϣû֪һ˵һ漴˵˵˵νġʹǸô֣
ʹ㹻Թ棬磬֮ΪΣһһΣΣһ˽飬Լĵ̣Ļ
ãû򻮷Σ󷨣Ȼ˭ɱ˶࣬˭ѡΣĸ׽˵͸űɱ⡣
󣡡ʥеȺһĿѿôǿߣ󷨣ᱻƵǣΪԷŰɱĶ
ʹݳͬɫӲʹҪô
ԣһȺϣǻᣬһɱ˱ǣ
û
׷ͬ⣬ǿ԰˻ľǿߣСΪΪˣ˻ľǿ񶼻ɽ֮أһǳأΪɱˣֵһᣬһȺ֮ˣǿҲһصֻ꣬󷨣һȺնɱ
ʱּܷҵҲˣ˿ʱܸĻңɫΪӣи˼
˵ڵģԼƫƫҪܷ³һɫ䣬˿̵ȻҪǱϵļվһߣĻǶԷּҾˡ
ַĿܷ⳯ȥǴһĨЦ⣬˵࣡
ַ㣬Ȼܱƽ¶ЦݣĪôţʹվڸߴһУַ㵭ȻЦǳɻ󡢲⡣
ַһι漣ɨһƽѩ£һΣҪٴ漣ǲˣɿֲ˵еߣ̫ǿˣ޷⣡
ˣΪַ㵣ģַѩ¡ݳǣ̫Ĺ£һ
ڤ粻飬Ѱ·ܷ˵
ȴδĿԶǴһĨЦ⣬ˣ쵽ô
Ŀתַ㿴ˣŲ΢΢̧𣬳̤ȥ
С㣡ֺɫһ
С㣬ʲôκĿͬһһַ㣬Ҫ󷨡
㣡һҶǶޱȵġ
ȴַعͷǣ¶һĨõЦ⣺ģһУң
ЦݣŵţĿһ֪ͣ˵ʲôźãʱַѾ߳󷨵ķΧ
ˣȺĿһַʲôȻܹ߳ʥƴ
ˣ
ݳǵȺ⣬ַڸʲô
δ𡢵δ𡭡ŲţܷԼּ֮Ҳסˣַ㣬Ҫ
ţ¶ȤɫԼĲ졣
ףǱַϵĿ䣬ĸף¶ڴɫ
˭ȥն˫֣ҪɱùĸĮ˵һҪǵȻȫ
ַĽŲͣ΢΢̧ͷĵղ˵ĻҶסˣǣҲǺˣ
ţȺַĻɫӵȤһСгһλص꣬ѵãǣһ
ļһ˵ַţ֪
ֻһǿ߽Ųַ̤㣬͸ĺâСһףʲôо֮ܣ
£ޱȿ͵ĻĻƵУضÿַֻ̤㣬Уһޱȵľ޴ƣѹȶ£ġ
ߣǴ˵еߣһƣˣԶȺ֣߳һľǻƣܹʮ˰ݽȥأһȥж䶼Ҫ
·ԵøСַ㣬ȺĶһ󾪲


1259 
ȻȺȴ˿ǻ֮µַȴƽֲĻһ磬ʹĳƮ
漴Ⱥַֻ㶯ˣڿգ̧Ʊ͵ĺɱȥȺȻ֮Уһ޴ĺڰӡգǿԵĻƶ޷ӡ£Ŀħֱ񷡣
ǣ޴ӡײֲĻ磬ޱ߾޴ӡȴ˲˺ѵ
һҽֱֻ۱˺ѵɫ˲Ұףʱһ漴ؿһ첻ϣԴ΢΢£Լţһֻӡǣ˺
˵峯¿׹֮ʱռ˶ݵļž˶Ķַ㣬ɱߣ
֮УѪһĿȼѪһУߣյĽľ
СȻǿɱͨߣ練ƣôǿߡֺκɷǳţַڵķۿַǵȻԺȻԷǿƣСҪζԸ
ԶݳǵĹ֮ˣҵţַһιɱ䣬һΣֱɱߣ̫£ݳ漴ƽѩµĲ꣬ѾɳǴ˵еĵزɱߡ
ˡˣܷԼּ֮˵Ŀ΢ЩַͣĹȥ˭ּҸַĳɳܷ֪ĸ࣬գһǿ߶ǶԱǼѵã䣬ǸΣߣû˸ȥ룬ּұǵϳ꣬ɱ練ơ
ּûнַߣöãһͷ֪ٴһ޷Ƶ
ȺҲһôᣬѩСȣȻɱߣǰ˻ľţҲûжܹɣַ㣬ȴ׾١
ףһ˲üһ𣬻ص˳֣һҪʬΣַôɫ
ĸ΢΢˵ͷĮĵϧˣһСȾȻһλֻ·һ˭ȥն
ȥɣֻһ֮˽Ų̤ϢȣԡɫĻ棬ƺһĨ֮ɫͬ㣬ֲ
ȥɱһصӦû⣬Ӧĸ״˵һص˶Ը֮˻ҪСģȻô˵
֪һֱԷӡɱ˻Ӧһĸŵ˵ͷӡǻַͨ
֮Ŀһֱӽַϣ漴Ų͵һ磬죬ռ䱻յ÷Х֮һֲֿ̫ҪһзΪޡ
ɱŭһֲķӡӡ޾Ľɫ⣬һգһֲֿĻͶӰڵ֮ϣֱ̼ӱտѣ֮ɫ޾Ļַ⳯㽵٣ӡ֪ȸղ˵ӡǿʢ˶١
ɡɫ˶ڿַôǸϧѩ¹Сɳţš
Ȼ˿̣Ⱥֻһ貵Ľâͻأգ˺ѣǿֲĻӡ˲䱻˺룬سһӰѷ죬еӰͻȻˣôͣ
ô£ǽ⣬ÿ죡Ⱥͷ΢΢һ漴ǿһѪ֣߳ǵըݺݵǵͷеӰؾǿڣŻ棬һ˺ѣΪޣգâڷ˸š
ǿ
ݳǵϢĸоƺַصĿֲǿߣһһĨˣ
ּܷҵͷҲݺݵĲַ㣬Ѿǿǲĵزʱܷصʱǻܷܹ׷ַ㣬˿̣ǰ㲻ֻˣܷǿʮٱַǰһһС
㲻С֮ˣһȥĸ׶ַ㣬صôֲս˻ľʮ֪ܷСĻʹȴˣַ㣬Գȥ
йϵ𣡡ַƽ˵һɨȺҪ˻ʹ˭ɱ˶˭ѡ̣Դ˵ֻЩ˵Ľ֣Ѿעˡ
նһϡɫĵ
ĸǿ˵ǣǷҲҪһЩǿˣ
һΪ֮üͷȴ£أɱأý
˻ľƺһ
Ǻǣǲմֶѣô˵ĵ̣˵Ц£޴ת˶סˣô£ղŲǻ˵ҪɱˣҪ˭ɱ˶ôڣˣַɱصˣеʵҲɣ
ʲô˼ĸ䵭˵һ漴һȺˣȴǱߵΪ֮üͷţƺ˼Էľ޴ת䡣
ĿٶȿַʱͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬ѿʵ˭
ղʻһаæ˵֮Ҳˣǡ
ȵȣַ³һ˵һͣɫѿʻ֮޴
ˣַЦĮĵ̤ʹһԣ
ǿַĻͷݺݵĳ鴤£ɫ΢һ˿԰ףַԵĻﻹ᲻ףĲ²⣬ܲңˣ
建תǳ鴤ַֻǿͣղв֮º
ַͣЦĬԣڵȣȽôһǿƿУܲúã콣λᣬôܻ˷
ʲô֣ĸƺҲо˿˿Ŀܷ⳯ȥ
ܷ˿ɻЩǿߣôˣΪһɫ䣬Ҫ
ַ㣡ܷ³Ȼ԰˻ľȺԣͬ㣬ǵĺݺݵĲš
ַ꣬㣡
ݳǵȺɫı仯סˣ˭ܸǣôˣΪǿ˶¶˾ɫ嶼΢΢ңǱַϵɫ˲ޱȲ԰ס
ܷҲû뵽Լ˵ַֻôǿҵķӦЩ˵ɫȫˡ
ʥ֮УַҲַ֣ôǿ
ֺĿ⿴ƣַ˵Ļʱ·;ǿߣֵַʱԼ˦Լ⡣
Сڰ˻ľѵ𣿡ֺһзǳ𾪡
ʱַһԶķХһӰƿգռݡ
һ̣˶תĿ⣬ȥǿ˲Ӱȴͬһޱ߷һƿնֲٶȶ˺ѵÿռ䷢¡¡졣
ÿµȺͷ޲𺳡
ˣɫ԰ֽǡˣǣҲˣ


1260 ū
ߵˣȺѾ²⵽ַݣ˿ֿݺأХ᲻֪ǽ˵ˡ
˿иİգܺڣ˭뵽أǰ𾪰˻ĵַ㣬Ȼѩ¹ĻʹУңƺַ㱾ʹеˣССĹȣһ·ȥ˰˻ľ
һС߳ˣȻ˻ľ뵽⣬ֻ𺳣ѶȣЩӵзǷʮҪˣ̫ˣַ֪һ·߹ȥġ
ĺХ֮ɣ𺳵ȺֻЩֲĽâַߵʱͣ£漴˾Ŀעţһʮλֲǿߣͬʱַ㹧Ĺͬʱ
䣡ȺֻоݺݵĲ£ֲĲΣʮλֲǿǿƽ٣Ȼȴͬһʱ䵽ַǰ֣
ַ㣬Щֲǿߵˣ
ֺ꣡˫ֲȻһգ죬ļƶһ̱һȣ֣𺳣ױȵġ
ԵκɣԼҶŮͣ˸󣬳Ѫšʹеˣһ٣ɫܣǵĽǵľ棬һԼأˣˣַֺ󣬲Żиղֱ仯
ܷԼּҵˣҲǿ֪ģܷΪϡǵòǰԼ˵Ļַ㣬ڣô
ѩ£ַ㣬Ϊβּңַ㣡ּ֮аޱȸп
ݳǵȺҲһԣǵַһιǾԵߣ䡢ʮλֲǿ߸ף
ַĿƽʮλǿߣĻȻϣЩˣǽľӢǿߣһϢֲַ㱾͵һЩû뵽ѩ»ľ棬Ȼˣֻýʹˡ
ΧַĮ³һ
ǡ֮Ӧʮλǿߣ˲Ϣ˸Χ
ַ£ҸղѾֻǿͶѣ£һΪ֮˲һЦҪ뿪ȴַĵ˭̤ȥһɱ⣡
ǣ֮Ӧɱ֮Ƭأ˶彩Ӳɫ԰ףޱȻںޣһΣĲˣǵǲˡ
ЩǿߵЩַΪʮλǿߣʲôȺޱȺ棬Ǹ֪˺Ⱥʲôǿߣֻ۾һжһǿȻƺַΪʮˣԸǿƣңǿֹһ㣬˿־嶼΢΢ˣɫ԰ףֻҪַһ£ǣ磬ССĹȡ
ַ£ҪʲôϤ㣬ˡղǿ߼ַʱֿ˵Ѿһ˿ˡ
ַĮӣղŻҪɱѵϷڲ֪ڣ̫ˣ
Ŀ⿴ǰһλߣѾüˣǽԪϼʵ˸ĸоʼĨɱ߻ҪǿܿصĴڡ
Щˣܹ𣿡ַﵭ˵ЩܳΪҵūͣػңҲ
֮һ֮Էֳ֮ǵҪǿʢУˣֻﱾܹǵƿСǽԪַ㹧˵
⣬ﻹ𣿡ַһ
գԪϺһʱλһַǰкηԸ
λַԽΪ⣬λ߼ڰ˻ľҲܹ齨һˡ
ַĿ⳯ڵȥʱڵ֮ͷ΢΢
ֻһ˵Ļᣬʹ֮£ǣûв룿ַָָܷԼּ֮ˣǴ˴ּٴδۣΪǻˣҲĪҪˡ
ּ֮˿ַָʱͷһ˲ҡͷ
޹ءĸײƭַ㣬ֻһλ᣺ַ££ǣԸ⽫֮ȫ׸ң·ŹǣҪ
ַ˵˾䣬ǴһĨЦѾǼסղԼ˵Ļ˵Ҫɱǣ˭ɱ˶࣬˭ѡڣЦ
Ҳ뿴һѪַ㵭ĮĿǽԪϣԪȻף˻֣ɱ⣡
͡͡ƿգʮλǿ˸ʱȺɫҰףַ㣬´ɱ
һŭ𴫳ҪӣȻһӰ֣һ̣һƬռ䣬ХݺأһǿʢޱߵĽĽΣƬնȥ
Ⱥͷţֻ޾ɫâóɽĻһƬռ俴κεӰΨ˺յĽХ֮
Ƭ貵Ľʧռ֮Уһ˺ѵ˿ｻ֯ţȺȴȻķ֣Ƭգڵǹһʣˣʧˣַ˵һѪûУΨ޾ĽನںХ졣
һǿʵΪַһ仰ʣˣǺεȿֲ
һģЩַΪˣÿ¡һĲ󷨵еȺһ˫ȭգĿĿ֮⣬ǾԵɣ
ǹ֮ʱǾԵ޷⣬Сµˣȴһ
Ƕˣһ˿һȺˣַŽԼ˵
ǡ˵˵ͷһ˽һȺǰЩɫ˲òҰףҪ˵ʲôȴʲô޷˵ֿܵ𣿸ղǹֱǵǰΪǸ˵һ
һ֮λüЩ˵ü֮УֻҪλߵһͷֱܽĨɱ
ǿȫƣϺ޾֮⣬üеһһУֻҪΥ˶Է־ҪǴӴˣΪū͡
Цǿʢ䵽־ء
Ҹʮʱ䣬ʮ꣬ΪūͣΪЧʮ֮һ뿪Ȼʮ֮ǵˣûоū͵ı֣ݹ飡
ַ㵭˵ǵˣǿˣӴˣΪūͣΪʮ꣡
ַ֮Ըʮ֮ڣΪ˸һϣЩƣʮ꣬Ŷһλǿ޶ԣеκˣǵȵģԹԵ
գǶˣʱפ֮У˰Σַλ˵ѩ·粨֮ǰ뱣֤Ҿ԰ȫ
ǣͽյͷӦС
ˣǰƺɽפأҪ˳ͻҹȥϵǣַΪ׵ĽԪ˵˵ͷһ漴£һӰڿգת˲뿪ߣƺɽȥ


1261 ƺɽ
ôˣȺеĲɻδƽַһ仰һҷһ仰Ϊū͡
ףַعͷֺһʱֺ˹ȫЦݣˣ򸴺
ַǣֺǰһĿɨȺһۣâ˸ʱһһƺûܹΪ˵ʵ
ӽǱҸ׵һаţ𣿡ַĮɨȺЩɫӲ촽ţȻڴ˿̣һɿµɱͻأĽ٣ǻ͵һŵòϵͷף
ף˭ĻֱҵǶˣĨɱǣַֺ˵һЩͷ˲̾һҪ˵ĻʹȴΪūͣߣȴҪеūۣɱ
ַ֪ЦŻӦû뵽гһգܹūߣһУ̫˼ˡ
Ժ˭ҪָǣκβⶼԡַһʱֺЦЦûЩ䣬ɲܷﲻúá
ַ˵գĿܷ⳯Լּ֮ȥʱܷͷ͵һĿޱȸӣϴһַٴιεǿƣһǿߣǿʮλǼµǿߡ
ַ֮Ĳ࣬ǵ㣬޷ֲ
ܷ˼ַδʱַ㣬ȴֻ˵һ֣
˵գַתûٿܷһۡ
ܷҶʹ֮ȷʵּ޹أȻ˿̣ȴûа֮⣬ַеһĨĮӡƽ飬оԼǶôı΢һֱ׷ַΪĿȴ֮ĺ蹵ֲǣעһˡ
תһĨ֮⣬ûʱķɣܷ뿪ּ֮˿ǰȻһۣҲįȥЩٻںޣҲע޷ֲˣǿַһδ죬ȴͽ˺ۡ
ݳǵҲɢȥþ޷ƽͬʱһɷ籩ݳǷٵĴţѩ¾ַ߹һߣΪˣʹ֮һΪūͣ˸ʱţŶãַٴιѾ˵еˣ
մС߳Ĳ꣬񻰣ƺɻ
ַ㽫ǿԼλ߶˸ֺţԼֵңѵеӣȻҪúϧ˻ʹе飬һ̤ݳǣٵģȷѪѪǿ;
Ȼַ㲢η;ڻʹ۵ܰҲͬȼյļ飬ÿһս֮ʱѪܻڡȼգֻǸͨˣһָĿУƿһеǿ󣬱˸֮ʱķ֮ܽģվ۷帩֮ʱ޾ĺ顣
磬ԭôַ뿪֮ʱŮǱСǵƤѾͷЦ§ַ첲ַѾôǿЦҲ
Ҳ˭ĸ磡ַʼ磬Ц˵ЩȥʱӰĳѪʿһȻ໥һۣ漴ҲЦⰲº͵꣬ս֮ʱ°ԵһնߣǵĽǵľ
ϧԶһĻˡ
ȺַǣƵ֣ЩѪʿҲ¶һĨܰףɫ¼һȴûõʱ⣬ԼŮԼεѧǣĭһҲޱοɡ
ߣȥڣ㽫˵仰ȼƣһҲ׷׵ͷ漴ǳŻʹнڣķȥˣҲɢˡ
ӣַ鸸ֺ塢ĸ죬Ҳĸһȥ¼ҿ⹫ɽɽȻǷǳ˵ģַĺ䶯Ѿˣζûϵȴɱߣ˾
ַ⹫֮飬ʹɽ˺Щ㣬΢壬óľӵǿʢ̺֮Уɽ䲻СˣΪҲֻѣ彥ϻЧǳԡ
ַ֮ҲĵҶŮ׵ķ˼ʱ⣬һգַŲŻʹ֮ȥ
ַǰͣĸҶǶˡ
ҶίСַḧ£ֹ˹СŵıӣЦŵֻȥƺɽѣٶȣﵽƺɽʱʱѣʱԻǸʲô
˵ɻЩᣬַϴһһ뿪Ǽʱ⡣
ˣַٿһˣů漴һ޽֣Ų̤Ͼ޽ʱХȥַ㱳˰˰֣̿ǵ˸飬ȥ
վھ޽֮ϣܿ죬ַ뷭Ʋ֮Уһ̾Ϣ˵ܽȥƺɽ˻ľǿ߻ۣдҪˣϣҪѩ¡
ַ˵ǰſݳǰƺɽҪʮյʱ䣬Ծ޽ĿֲٶȣʱЩ㵽յƺɽȻַ㿴ƺɽĵһ۱£̾Ϣﻹɽֻʣ¹ͺͺһɽˡ
ټƺɽɽ壬񣬾ȻֻʣƺƬɽضΣȻΪƽˣֻʣɢһЩС塣
޾ȺפɽܱߵСɽԼݵϣ⿪һЩ
ƺɽܱߣȫȺһֱ쵽Զĺڷ룬а˻ľǿߵӰ
ƺɽʲôַа̾ɳǰȻڴʱ֮ϣһӰڿնϣ赲ǰһѾ̤벽
ַһ䣬ʵһ
ʵıʣﲻܹ֮ĵطһȵƺɽΧضΣֻǿפ
ַһͻȻһɿֲĽֱ˳³һɱ
£һ貵âռ
ַ㣡˿˲ϳɫѿ͵ĺһƣȻ֮£ӡ˺ѣǰ
飡˷׷׳ǰͬʱըѣֲϢϵŰŵֵסĿ
ݡݡգХַĮĿǰӰ
Ȼַ£Ȼڷ֮У̬˲ˣÿ·
ַ³һʣ漴޽ǰХЩ߻ʼһУκֶַҪ˱ܣȻַ֪㣬ЩȻ


1262 ż
ַ㸩¿գһƬãأ漴£һС֮ϥĮĿɨһƬãϵȺ
ʼ֮ˣַַǧ֮أһӰ΢Цŵ˵ͷȻ裬̤Ƭˣǰ˻ľ˲̤벽Ƭձˡ
ţڴʱַоһĿ⽵٣ʱüͷһɨۼ֮صҲ෽λͬһɴ˻ľ֮ˣУַ㿴һĿĺ䣬ˣǳǿʢ
ģ꿪˵͸һĨ⣬˫ֲĺâܽռ˺ѣӢ֮ףʥԼ뽿Ĵ磬ͬʱҲһʮ֮һ
һӢʵֻʥ츳ǿʢ뽿츳ҲΪ˻ľĴŮ֮һʥһ˳ΪӢɾһ׮̸
ϧһӢʥѱַն뽿ҲַֻʣһˣΪ֣βַ㣬ɱȣǼɵַϵ콣ֱӽַĨ
ţַ㵭Į³һӢȻҲ˵Ǵˡ
һն㣡˵漴ûٿַ㡣
ַҲûмǱĿƬã֮ϣ˻ľ˵ˣ̨ƺδ̨ǿƣҪʱɳϾԣ̨ڰ˻ľʱ仹̫ݡ
ַ㷢֣ʮ˱նʥԼ⣬ˣȻˣ֮Ǻһʱ䣬˳ɹ֮ȻҪŻһֱᱻ˳Խȡ֮
Щ֮⣬ַ㻹ϤӰ桢ѩǣ֮ǵˣɲâȻȴѾļɵ֮⣬ַѷ֮ǵַ㣬ѾѹƲסˣڡʥ׷װַС
һΨʵΪħܹѹַһͷ
˫ٶ˫ʮûм棬ַʥҪԸһܣĿⶢַ㣬Ѿ˼νħ֣նַ㡣
Ȼûעʱվһ󲽿ӰЦŵҲˣ
ٺ٣ôһˣԳүүȻҲҪմ֡ԳЦĪϧǼһû˵ҪˣϻĴ֮գҪˡ
ϻҪˣַɫһڲ񹬶ԣԲʲôϢһϻޣûк֮˽棬ǷǳΣյ顣
񹬣Ȼû»ʽģĻҲֲĪϧΪٹΪϻ֪ԼˣŻҪԼ֮һʵˣϧϻĴޣƺ̫˵㡣
ţڰ˻ľĿȫ۽Сûʼ֮±¶ĿͲǾ۽ˣ鷳󡣡ԳԸֱˬ뵽ʲô˵ʲôһһ󱦿⣬һʴ˻ж٣ͬһ˱ѹģ󣬻Ϊ콣µһЩȺܹסҲΪҪͽūѡַ֮㡣
ʲôַʳеʣ뿪󣬰˻ľŷƹʼ֮£ַûеõκϢ֪ʲôԭð˻ľĿ⣬۽ƺɽ
ϢƬɽй۵㼣ңսпܻпֲżԳɶַ˵ڰ˻ľѾ˹ųϢģΪǿƱƹʼҿ
ַۣһĿⶸȻ䳯ûбĨƺȥѵǾתħħǰ£
ңĨ׵۲ǼһӡСˣ۰ɣ
ս
ַһݳǲһСǣȻսӦһǧǰ˰ɣ׵۱ǸʱǶַ꣬㲢ֻ֪֪׵Ǽһˡ
Ȼѩ¹ôǬɽзӡһħ۵ˣ˭
ȻżΪλַ֣ɻʵ
ڵȣԳĿָǰƬأַȥƬصļͶȣ
ţַüͷһ壬漴һâƻӶһŵն
͡͡صУȻַ㷢ֲ֣Ľ˺ѵ¼ʮ֮صʱ򣬾ɢˣƱһɿֲ赲סһ
ַüͷһ壬û뵽ƺɽĵص׾ȻôӲĽѾǳˣɱһ
㣬ﶼ޷ǿǣЩȻԼĵ̣ǲ׳ֵģڵȱó
ַЦ£ԼĵƲãⱻ֪ôڣ˭ԸͷɵԣԸȣ˭ûģ
ϼһַ̣Ц˵Ǳ˭֪ʲôɣ
ϰȱģƬܲԳɨȺһЦЩϼһһڣĿ񣬶ǶԣǼµʱҲϢһʱ䣬գ۱ȥˡ
ַ㣡ʱһ촫ַĿת漴һӰһλӣŮ˻ҪƯ
ַ㿴˺¶һĨЦݣټˣ֮С
һѧԺͬѣ˵ʦ֣аɱ֮Ƶʰѩ
þòãַʰѩЦ£ʰѩַߣΪȵĵû뵽յĹѣѩ߳Ѿ˻ģ
Ҳûͬ԰˻ʼ壡ַ̾һټʰѩȴ˷֮С
û취ѩ£ѾЩˡʰѩЦԵЩˣ˶ᶯġ
䣬漴ʰѩȥصʼӪ
ƺЩˣԳɶַ˵
ַȴ΢΢ҡͷֻЩ׺ɣ֮пʰѩȻʼ֮ˣͬǰһԿʰѩˣЩ˵ȻǰʰѩϵǳȻʼ֮ˣΪ˴£еһУĿԣƽɥ֮ʱģ
ȻַҲûʸʰѩֻǣѺǰһദˣЩУͬԳһˣ̫ˣ


1263 ħơӡ
Գɣ˭һģַԳ˻ľǿƼѩ£ÿһһУЩҲܶǰ̫Σˡ
ԳԳָָԶһλ󺺣Ŀ࣬ǺԳһԳһˡ
ӺһԳ
Ŀ⿴ߣַЦŵ˵ͷַȻԳɵӣӦԳңԳɸߵЩҲһ׳ʵվһƱܸ˾޴塣
Գһڰ˻ľ֪ˣ˻ľԳһԲֻǺȣԵ˶ϡ١
ַ㣬ż֣ɵСĵ㣬ϲ˲ԳǲģҪ棬ǱҲˣΣգǷս˶֪˭ȥ˭ϣ
Գһ乢ֱȴһ㲻ɵսЩǿҪ㣬ڣҲˣ˭ɱĶ˵ˡ
һԶЩַЦ˵ȴҲԳɵĻϣ콣֣Ҳѱ
ٺ٣ǶڣҲʵ㡣ԳɺַһС֮ϣҲĿ͵ʱ
ַĲħԼǰʮһ֮ʥͼַ䲻ȥȴܸԼĽһЩ
ļְͨҪٽһְȥѣİӣָӲΨں֮ͨ㹻ǿְܹ廯ͨܳɱ
תۼ伸ȥˣûʲôƬΧһ֮Щͣƫƫ޷
ʱӪУһλȻʼҷȥʼ׼ô꣬неǿͨͶû׼ɣôãǷӦжˡ
ʼҷһλͬâ¶ӪտùͶӰҵĲ룬漴˷ųżϢƹʼҲѹңҪһαƹô
ҵѿչžӦô˰ɣʼЦֱӵƣɫһϻ쵰ĵѿչžȷϡ
ҵѿչžǾƷʥžۣңʵԷӳžˣ˺ƬأӦûŶԣʼҵٶȿ˵ʱĿ׷ͶңȻʼΪǿǱҵͷɡ
˵ļǣҼȻѿչžϣ㶯ְɣαزҴţôһֱȴ˾ռڵ
ҲԸʹѿչžĻǲʹáʵȺ֮Уһ͸ǿҵ֮˵һ
֮ɫӲȺ쵰һʹ棬ҿڣóҲãʵУѾ͸в֮ˡ
ѿչžʼЦ˵ȡ
Ȼˣλÿˣվ֪Ȼ˶ڿң벻Ҳˡ
Ⱥ׷âҪô
ֻڿգǲãصشһ֮УһžУ̺ȵ˺žǰգƺڲϵŤҪ˺ѡ
ˡֲղž󣬻һ쾵ֱ¿գһ˿ߴͷţ¡
ȥͺһ޾հڹž֮ϣ̼䣬Ǿ޴Ĺžͷų貵Ľɫ⣬һֲĹӹžռ䷢˺ѵ죬ֱ˴ء
͡͡ûпµı죬Ⱥֻռ䱻˺ѵٿǱžĵ棬һޱȾ޴Բڣ俴ףаף޴ζڵֱмʮ׳
ˡ
һӰڿն̼䣬Ƭ嫿ռ䣬Ⱥ̤գĶȥ浽ʲôʹôǰӲ
ַͬգĿ⳯Ķȥû̽ҵֳѿչž˺һУ˭֮ӲŰ
һƬַĿһ棬һƬڣǺɫġ
ַԣԳͻȻüһ˫ڶڵУһͼ֡
ǡħƣԳеĻӳ˿˿ڰ֮һڵ·ڰĲ
ѿչž֮ϣһֲĹɱҪѿգٶȱ˺ѣһ޴Ķڳ֡
ҵüͷ΢΢һ壬Ƭ湻ӲʹѿչžȻŽֵز
𣡡һʱѿչžڿգһޱ߾޴ľĻڿգһƿռϼŶ͸޾ѿ
ѣһһޱȴ׳Ĺӹžһֱ̣а׵Ĵر˺ѵǲã֮ϣһɼ䶴ڣ˶ܹʲôˡ
ʲôٸ֣ħƣɫһصĵ׶ˣһɢŽĸ֮ں֮ɫһ𺳵ǣͬװٸ֮ϣŷޱȵ·ڰħ֮ʥơ
ѡѡѡҵ߽ǱƿĴزɨ䣬һޱȿµĹɱطıѵΪޣܿ죬ڲϵſȴûмް㣬ֱѾƿ˷Բ״أĵײںڵĽħơ
ʲôֳѿչžƲͷ𺳣ӹɣķżˡ
ַĿɨѿչžһ˿ɵ֮⣬ֳ־Ʒʥ̫ˣǶ䣬ֱӽ˺ѵԺңһҪСĽҲоƷʥȻͬһ޼ɵķžƷʥĿֲ
Ķͣѿչž𣬿˵λҲƬصĿ£ڣǷȥһЯƿˣ
һӰ˲Ϣ¿նȥҪ˵ҲҪȥ
Сĵ㣡Գɶַ˵Ҳ¿ս䣬̤Ｘ׵ĵطŵں
ַ£Űնں֮ɫħ֮ϣûа㷴Ӧ
ִһħЩ
ʲôҵĽۼ޷£ңѿչžҲ޷ҡַ̧ͷԳɣ֪Գûм
ԳȻҲ֪¶ãɫں֮ɫſֲ·ңƺһ޴塣
ⲻǽǷӡʱһ𺳵ȺҲһͬٸװں֮Ƿӡ
ʲôӡ˿£


1264 ʳ
ӡַĿⶸȻһһĿĹ⻪ǷӡĻʲôķӡܹ˵ǿͬޱȼӲںڽ㣬ʹþƷʥҡ˷ֺǷӡģʲô
ѵйأַв²⣬Ǵǿµķӡ˵Ʋʱ棬һܲ
ƣҪ鷳ƿˣҪӡķΧж㣬ܲ²ʲôӡʱ˶˵
Ƴ£漴˵Ǻãұȫǡ
˵գߵѱԵʹѿչžϷֲĹƿأǿߣҲʼһأʹⷶΧϵš
ǷӡĻж˿ƬӡΧϵвͣĲţƬãصĵײһ޴ķӡڣڶǿֿ߳٣ɿԵ֪ж
ķӡҲֻд۲ܲõóɣַЩٵǿ߾ԽԽԶƬƺɽ棬ⲻ֪ǰķӡ
ʱ仺Ĺȥڶǿһ̧ܹɽĿֿ٣ټѿչžɻ˰ʱڿޱ߾޴ӡıԵ
ƺɽľַݺ᷽Բʮ֮أһ壬ķӡ
һͷķӡȺһĿⶼЩͣ·بӡ֮ϣϹŵħƣûаϢй
ȥֻһӰڿնȥڵ֮ϣӡȫò
ַͬڿգ֮ϣ·ǰںڷӡȷʵһ壬Щ·ƶȫţȺ޷͸ô·Ҳˡ
Ⱥȴһִӡ̺ŷ֮з֮Ƭķʼ֮׷۵㼣ᷢƬɽĵײȻһ˿µķӡ̺С
Ϲ֮ʱһʯܹӡħΪħʯ̺޾ķӡڼǧǰ˵Ƿħʯһλбʱ˾ռ˸âƺĻ˵ȴ̲ס΢΢¡
ħۣħԷ⣡૵һ˾ռĻǶһ֣һŽ
ھ½ʷϣֹྪž޵콾Щ½ˣǰ˻ľǿߣҲ˵ۡħۣͶľǿߡ
ħ֮󣬱ΪŽӡһˣǧٰʮһŽķħ֮ɵ֮ħʯݻ٣ʹķѣ飬Ӵ֮û˵ķħʯٶ֡
Щǿ˵ŷħ۵ʷַֻоͷħۡڳɵ֮󣬾ȻܹӡħķħʯˣΪŲҪͬħʯһܹӡħ
ַԴĿ⳯¿ȥޱ߾޴ķӡ˵ħۣѵ޴ķӡǷħ
ǷħΪǱ̫ˣ棬׷ӡʲô
˿̣ЩҲ˸ŷâȻҲûϵǷħ۵ֱʣҪʳɽˣ
ʱңԶ֮أڷУһŹ֮ϣһλʿϵĵƮĿ˸ˣȻ׵ۡ
˿̵׵ɫ£ûаϷ̬
Ⱥ쵰ֵҲ̫Щɣ׵аЩ˻ľĻ쵰ôѩƺɽ
λһԣΣʱʼ˵΢΢ͷ漴ϣһȵ¿ճޱķӡ֮ϣƺҪħƣȻûãǷӡɢںڵĽɫ󣬰ǣûаķӦ
ܿ죬ЩˣûãǸ򲻿ӡ
Ҫ붯ˣַԵԳɾ޴һȻҲûϵССĹȣʼҷֲķӡпǷħµķӡζķӡ֮Ѿֵô۳֣ʣҲӵǿ
ʱַüͷţʶҪ붯ѩ¶ԣǸǻ
ӡǾǿߣָΣʽ⿪˷ӡ޷ֹǶѩ¶ԣ֮֡
䣡ʱƺһӡǱ漴һɺޱߵϢ٣漴ȺֻȺտңġ
ʣȺһֻǿҵպƻһչž漴˼ž֮УһλӰֲǿӰ
ʣʣȺɫһֻžеӰĿͶƬأɵɫҲ΢΢ݣһӡ
ǣʣǲ²⣬пǷħµġ˵չžеӰĿƺ˼⡣
¡¡տңϢÿ꣬ķֻһӰ֮ϣһʣ漴ֱӳ¿նȥǷӡ֮ϡ
ӡǣԳɫһֵӰʼʣҶԣʼңȻӣʵӡǶڡ
ϵһôַһӡľˡ
ʼҵʿƬ̣漴̧ͷȥĿһĿĹâƬգ֮ǰκ˶׼
Ŀ͸һĨ֮ɣȺĵͷͬʱߣϵӡǣ֪ͨʡ
ʼʵӰɢ֮УƴûгֹһߵһУ˻ľڻʣѾ֪ˣ
ʣѩ£


1265 ħ
ʣַеûбֵ˷֮⣬ѩ¹߶ԾѾСˣʣ֮ء
ңӡƺҪʲſѩ¶ԣ治ʲô¡
ħ۳ֹ׵۱ֳһͬħһľħۣλ۵㼣ӡ棬ʲôַ˿˿ġ
ȫ˺󵽷ӡ֮⣬ƬռɣʼҵĮ˵һʱһӰƿգ˵ޱ߾޴ķӡԵ֮أƲӡģֻʽˡ
ַԳͬ˺˱ԵֻԳɶַ˵ַ㣬ҽʽ٣ȻȱһܣôǿڣҲҪ٣żʲôҲûǵķݣ
ַԳɵĻЦ£ȻԳɵĺ⣬ǿ߷ͬһ㣬콣֣֮һⲻˣһȾ˺ƤɱַĻַûл֮ʵ̫콣ǿʹõĻᶼС
Ҫ˺ӵַ΢Цҡͷѩ²ôĵط˺Ƥһ֮ɱ֣û㣬·һȻַţһλʣΪһʥ˺ɱ㲻̫ˣңʼǱڵĹء
Գûж˵ʲôָʣȷ̫Сַ㻹ûвҵĴڣʣô
ˡԶһɿҵ쫷зŭХع漴ȺֻһΰӰ̤ÿٶȣַ㾪һӰô࣬ȻһȥȴһΰĸоƽŲһ̤زȻղųֹӰһʼʣˣ
ʼңʼȻ죡ԳɻӦһֻʼҵȺ¶һĨϲɫȫǰӭ幪£ĿͬΪʼ֮ˣʣһεǿߡ
ַֻʼֻ̤˼Ƿӡзһɿֲ֮ƴʼһ
¡һ죬ƴ֮죬ƬգݺݵĲ¡
ַƺһ͵Ĳ˲һ˲䣬ҪǹɿֲĴ֮౬ѣƣ֮ơ֮ƣһ̤ͬࡣ
ķӡһ˿΢΢¡
ʼٶڿգɨһ¿ޱȾ޴ķӡһۣǿֲںħƣҲΪ𺳡
ӦǷħ۵ֱʣʼ˵һûв´ǷħΪ
ħ۵㼣ֹħۣҲֹλۣ
֪׵۱ﱻòɢ󱻷ӡ֪θ롣
ʼ˵Ǿ仰ĬˣǷӡ˳˼С
ʲڣȺҲ˵УһƬŵУʶ֪ƿӡųܷӡħķħµķӡôƵġ
ԶԵ쫷ŭХȺֻоһɿֲķϯƻصĿ·籩㣬˵۾ϣֱӣȵһƽϢ۾㷢֣ʼǰһӰ
ʣлģ˾ռǿȫӰл˾ռʡ
˾һ˫Ī⣬Ҫ͸һУĶǷӡ֮ϵһħơ
䣡Ƭ֮˾һһ˻֮͵ıϣɫѿ
ţȺɫȻ˾ʵͬʮ֮һ˾һӵʣȻղͷɲǣʵ۾ƺˣӡж£
ôʼʶ˾һ
ֻ˾ٶһ⣬ǧٰʮһַħ֮еһ֣֮˷ӡҵҪ⣡
ҪʵȺоӡֲ̫ˣҪ̽޷⵽ɡ
Զֲղٶȴ漴ȺֻӰ̤ˣ칬ǿߡҵǿߡңڵǿߣͬʱһʡ
лĹųǵĴλʣңһλʣѩ¹λʽ١
Ȼλʿһ۷ӡ֮ҲĬˣ޷ӡ
ôʼҵʶ⼸λһ
ҪŪ⵽ַӡҵӡ򣬼ͨ죬ҪƷħ۵ʣͬܣ
ԣҪŪһַӡ֮
ԣǱ֪Ʋ𣡡ʱһ޾֮ԶɫĹ⻪ƿأֱͷ͵һµĽâ͸һУٶȱҪֲ࣬ȵ󣬿ռŷХĺ¡¡졣
ʣλʿ˵һ漴â˲ϢǵϿգȺֻһֻĿֲգڲ֮ϣصߡ
ʣҪƷ⣿ʼ̧ͷգһʵʣԼʮ֮ħǰ˻ľΨһͷ񣬱嶼Ϊʣڰ˻ľ˫ٶ˫
ԣô֪Ʋޱߣ˫ſʱ֮ƻɫ޾Ľɫâ£ԲʮصȺȫܵǹɿҰĽ֮֮⡣
ѽһŭХ帩£عɫĹ⻪һ貵Ľ֮֮Ͻٷӡ
¡ӡֲײȺҲݺݵ£ƺ߳¶Ѫǹȵײ̫֮ˣΧƬնݺݵĲ¡
ʣǷӡ֮ͨ죬һƲˣʼʿ˵ҡϣĿⶢ¿յķӡĿȻǶҡӡ
𣡡ʱԶһȺعͷɵ¶һĨɻɫֻһ۵ĵʿ
һҲˣַɫһһǱӡƺɽҲ֪һЩĻ
λʣƶ֪ʲôӡ֮ʿһӸ˵ǼλʵĿⶼ伶ĵʿ֪ʲôӡ
˵ʶ׵ۣڵ
λʿϸħƳں֮ɫǷΪ˴飬ʰȾţҪӡֻһţ׵ۿ˵ʱЩĿ⳯¿ķӡȥܿ죬һȷƺаȾš
ʲôӡ֮ʼʿ׵ۣâ˸һ߾Ȼ֪ӡ֮
ħħ׵ƽ˵ȴЩʶһħӡ֮


1266 ׵ۣӻ
ħħĿһ׵ۣߣ֪ħӡ֮
ֲֿķӡųħԿɷ⣬Ҳֻжš
ν⣿Ŀⶢ׵ۣҰ֮죬ֲѹ׵ϣ׵ϵĵʿ졣
λˡֱԣħ۲ħڴ˵أӡģҲǿµħͷβܣħͷҪش䣬λʣҲԳ׵۴˿ɫ࣬ƺȰ
ȻʱַĿȴһ׵쵰˲ȰңҪȰαվЩʣƲӡ֮
쵰ʲôַа׵ۣʶҿӰɣ
뵽ַĲ˵ǿɾˡ
ţ׵۵ĻشЩüͷһƺ֪Щʲô
֪˵һ˲Ϣ׵ǰɫƻצֱӿ׵۵ؿڣ˵Ե
ħӡ֮ڰţħƣʵɰֻҪҵħڣϰλ֮Ѫڰ֮ϣħƱʱλʿƿħ
׵ƽ˵ɫûа㲨ַ㼸ҪΪһ˵ˡ
ҷһٻұ֤ĺܲңʷſ׵ۣһڷӡİ˴λ֮һһ֮ˣǵƭʱĨɱ
λһʱ˸ӡΪ˿飬һ˶ռһš
ˣͬʱ³漴Զ쫷һӰŻ泤ۣ͸ޱǿʢĻ֮Ļɽ׻ʣһˣҰ֮֮ڿգ񱤡ʣ
ȵλʣʡټӴ˿̵׻ʺʣã˻ʽ١
ȻˣΪɣʵ˵ʱ׻ʺҲڰ֮ϣҵǰ֮ϵħʼ֮ء
˻ʡڰţȺĿ⾪ǵʿ˵
аԣţɨ׵ۣţѹ׵ۡ
ʱɽǿ߷򣬸üͷţܸоЩԾǱǲƭʵģ쵰ʿ
ʵľֲָֻţûʸ񿪿˵ʲôֻܿš
λʷİɣڣǵǿӡͬʱѪڰ֮ϣǱܿħˣ
׵ƽʵͷʱһɺȵϢͷŶֲҡϣ֮еƲ㶼ķأҲڲϲš
һεѪ䣬ǣ֮Ѫ
Ѫڷӡ֮ϣʱħƺĻںڵħƲϵ˸ûֲںڹһɿµš
ħˣеȺɫһֻޱߺ嫵ķӡ֮أȻĳһһֳħͷ
֮أ̼䣬Ⱥֻħ˳ŰҶϣס˰˻
ħӡħ֮أħ֮أǣѰ·ʱ׵۵³һһ˵ͷȺĲ
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֮أħ֮أʣѰ·
𣡡˿̣ŭХֲϢֱݣֻλʣıħסˣħ֮أʣҲ⣡
ʻƣһɿֲޱߵĽɫ⻪ֱӳգƬأƶɫ
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䣡Ⱥһ궼ʱסˣңһΣǰλʡ
ɱ׵ۿһһޱ貵׵۴ɱȥռ䶼˺ѵ
Ȼ˿̣׵۵ôƽкʲô¡һ죬ռըѣ׵۵Ӱʧˡ
λʣ׼ɣһ£׵۵Ѿ֪ˡ
Ҫ֮أ޾Ľɫ⻪񷣬ղϵըѿ
ȿȣֱַһѪɫҰףԳҲòȥɫ԰ֽһŭХƬأ¿շ򣬴زϵڽ˺ѡ飡
ߣַһˣеȺˣʷŭѡ
׵ǻ쵰Ҫʲôַвѣû뵽ǻ쵰Ȼĸҿʡ
ʱλʣڷȻϣ׵˵֮أħ֮أӡǿĵطǣԼ
䡢䡢䡭񷲻ϵըѣأϿգѪ죬һûãʼʣʹ֮ʧЧ
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һǿӡʼʺһλʣȫо˾ڱɣһУһѪҺĻˣǧеĵʿҪѪħƵġ
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һ֣ʷ׷׵ͷͬ⣬漴Ⱥ֮ϣֽӰ֮Ӱ֡ӡ˹ޱǿʢͬʱŷӡĵȥ
ߣԶȺŭ𣬷Ӵܣһ¡¡ز֮ݣһɻصӶеһжݻٵԲ֮صһУݲȫ֮ϣֱܵӱ
ַԳ̤ھ޽֮ϣϿѪɫҰףÿµеһУΪ
Ȼħӡû飬ǣƺһϸ΢ơ
¡¡Զһɹɿֲ罵٣ֻӡϿգֳӰ
λôˣһĮ³֮ϣһԡ׹еӰ͸Ұ֮ǰһʣλʱ⣬һĨɣ
үˣԶ֮ϵԳңߣˣȻԳʵˣ


1267 ؾ
׻ʡԳʣƷ⣡Ŀ⿴еӰԵޱߣʵ֮ʣߣʣ档
ʣҪ׻ʵǲʷȻ˻ʱ⣬ڣǷӡƿҵ˱㲻ˣ˴˿̻ίߵĺá
ǰѾӡѷ죬Ұһ𣬹ѷ֮أǿǿƿӡħ۷ӡ֮еڣ˵񣬵᲻֪׻ʵ˼һ°ͲԼڴ˰ɡ
ãԣ׻˸ڷӡϿգ̺޾׵㣬طݣһɿֲķ籩һɫ׵ӷ籩ľס
һ֣ʺһԶַٵӶݣԶߣվڸ߿Ʋ֮ϡ
ߣүܷˣԳɿԶӰ˵ԳЩʣҪ˼һµģǷӡ˻Ǳ㲻ˡ
ַ΢΢ͷЩ˻ľʱͶթ˭ʯʺһϾʯرǹʶһֱʦֵܣ񹲴˻ģֶ̤ʾȻֵͬһ㡣
ַ㣡ʱһַͷһĿⶸȻתǴҡڹϻ쵰ȻȻ׵ۣȻ˿̵׵ֻΪ棬Ӵ󣬴ҡڣһɻ䶼ûС
㻹ҳַ֡㴫˵һֱ죬˰λʣҪǱ֪֮ء
㣬˭֪ǱۡҡַߣЦһֱĻ飬Ϲ棬𣡡
ݣַа䣬ҪǱ˷֣Ҳ˰λʱ⣬쵰ҰԼ̫ˡ
ʱһѾҡַԣԳɲɵʵַ㣬ɡ
Ǳ۵ŶԣԳɺһԳӵĺߣ棬ԳҪ갡
ϻ쵰浽ʲôǱ˭ӡģۺͷħۣһַ洫ʵһΨһ֪ˡ
ôֻ࣬㣬ĿɲֻۺͷħۣǷĵսֻ統еĵսַ㣬ǿħãһݾҪǵϱۣ
Ŀ˸֪ڴʲô⣬ַͷһݾ񣿿Ȼ֪ӡʲô
¡¡ʱȺǺݺݵĲ£һߣڻҪƷ⣬Ҵʱмλʵˡ
ӡϿգ׻ʵ׻ʡԳʣçţɽţħҲˣ֮⣬ɻµķʣͬĽͬ٣ԲԶһλµŮˣǳЦħҪݣȻɹʣһаޱȵʡ
ѩµۼ֣˻ڻ٣
ӡѾ˿˿Ѻۣħӡİλɫ԰ףϵϵıȡҪǳ
λҵһ֮ƿӡоء̧ͷнٵʣȻ˶ֻһĬڻʽ٣ûտʼֻ׻ʺʹԳλʣЩɵʽڣǰ˻ܹѵڻ˲ɣ
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ǣڴʱӡм䣬ֲŷӡޱǿӷӡ淢Ҫƿӡ
ӡ֮ҲҪƷ⣡
Ⱥͷݺݵһħӡ֮ӡ֮Ͱ˻һҪƿӡ
䣡ӡħѺԽԽǿµĹҪƿӡ
ʶ޷ƿķӡɶˣ
ַͷһĿⶢԵ׵ۡ
Ȼڴ˿̣ӡ֮Уһڵħƣӷӡ֮ϣֱӡϿյƬأ˲仯֮ɫħơ
ħַͷһ׵˵ǿħҪһݴݴȻħйأѵӡ֮£ӡһµħ
ÿֲħ⣡ԳһֻǹħڷţȥƬգͻȻ䰵Ⱦں֮ɫ
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֪ħǹвħֱ̺޾ħ֮˵ľðˣҪӴ˶ħ
ħ⣬ÿֲַֻһħ·Ű˷ɢܿ죬Բ֮ϣȫħ֮ɫޱȣַҪ뿪ȴֽŲ޷ƿֺħãҪħ
ַǿħ޷ħİ壻ħİ壬Ӧһȥ
ʱǷӡϿգħƿ񷣬Ƴ־ȻħʴһħȪ£Ϊġ
ģħȪȺݺݵĲţЩʣſֲˣ֣
Ǿħ½ǿ֮һ񾪲΢΢ǾħȪ֮У£һƬأ˾ģǾȪˮ˶ǵħ
һ̣˵ԴУڻصħͬʱ޾ħƳŰ˷ɢȥܿ죬ƺɽе
ѩ¹ݳǣʱ˶̧ͷգһɺڰħƣϿյذգװǿ֮ϣžȪˮޱħǵĽŲͣ
ѩ£յĻʳǣҲͬһĻ
һ̣ȫ̧ͷգһ޼ʵ֮ϣ˾ģžħ
ˣʱӰ֮ϵľȪˮԣһ˻ڣɫĳ費ݣ䰲վǣ£ȴ͸һħ⣬ħħħۣ
ĻУȴһλŮӣһħˣؾ


1268 ŮػĹ
ƺɽ̧ͷ񷣬ɫޱ𺳡
ӡӡһλۣħۣһǿݣѩСַħ۵ķӡзӡͬΪǿߡ
ħӡ֮ӡħȻзӡŵħħۼĿֲ
֮еħֻۣƽվǣһְ֮ؼ䣬˭档
һ̣ռžȺƹħħϣƶɢһħϢˡħԣ
ħ࣬ҲҪħ
ǹɿֲħ֮⣬ȺҲܵһɡӢᣬȻ꣡
ħҲԣַȻҪݵɰ֮Уʱѩ¹ջʳǣ鱻ԭֳͣħħҲˣ㸩ɣֺ磡
ַϣһɿֲħīɫ
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ǻΪĽϵϢΪԣӴ貵Ľɫȴħ⣬ڣӵУſֲħֲ˲ֱӡ
ħִҲҪħƣ쳤Х¡¡촫ȴϿշħ۵΢΢˶ֻ΢΢¿գһۣ̼䣬һħᴩŽֱӴ͸ʵԺУɫȻһħҪħХֹط¡¡Ĳ֮
ֻħִôȺвţһִᴩŽδ̫ˡ
ңһִһ񣬻ħϣħ
˭ַħⷭƺЩˣħһһᴩŽ񡢳񷡣
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Ǿħ۵ִ
ħۣԣħۣΪҪ㣬˭⣬ô£ַʵһִ˿ֲƣħǾħ٣˭ֵܵȫҪħΪħޡ
֪ٸһЩ½оħħۣƿ˾֮һħΪеŮħҪնۣ˵սʵħӡ֮ϸֻ֣ᷢһӡһĹ
׵۶ַ㴫˵ַٶһϸޱķӡţǷӡǿ֮أӡ֮ƫߣȷһĹ
Ĺ׵۵Ŀ⳯ƺȥ˿һѾըѣһ޴ıĹ
벻ȥĹϵ֣йأ
йأַɫһӡħ۵Ĺʲôϵ
ߣǿޱȵħַ̤ıĳƺĹȥַҪ׺ʲôϵ
ַ㣡Գɿַ㾹Ȼŷӡڵĵطȥɵɫһ̫Σˣ˿ڻʽ٣ֻԶԶŵʸ񣬸ҿӡ
ȥַͷԳɺһ
쵰޷죬Գүүһ𣡡ԳƵ˵漴ַ㣬ַ¶һĨЦݡ
һӰϵĳŷӡĹħѩ죬ؽԶȪˮ񷡣
ˣȥԳʿԳɹһԳǰ߳һ
үӣҺַ㿴ߣԳһЦеͷƺЩˣЦ
Գʵͭ۾ݺݵĿԳһۣߣܲһǿ⣬ڣַĹ֮أĹϵİּ
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ȻйϵҲһ񷣬ħۻŮˣ洫˵ַҲϲĻ쵰ȻҪԼ񷣬ȥħߡ
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Ĺ׵³һַĿһ쵰ȻĹ
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ߣֹңħ۲ҲΪĹֻѾһ壬ΣյԼһħħȴչʣӴ˾ĳɾ죡
׵۱ĵ˵ƺԾħ۵Ϊм
ħۣ֮ˣնɣַȻȻΨ׵ܹ
ԣҿɱ֮ˣ˼ѣΪɣɲϷŹ׵Щַɫһ˼
ħۣһģȻֻǶ˼
ƣ¿գӡ֮أӡڷĺŷӡʹزݡ
ңһ񷣬ħַۣ㴫˵ַɫһ񷣬ħۣ
ȷңַֹһһ˰λʣַ㻹Щ
쵰㾹ȻűۣҪԤߵԤԣʵ㣬Ҳһƻ꣬³ɳҲɲ˴ˣҪԣһᾡɵۣڣǸ㾪ˣǷҪڣ
׵۶ַ㴫˵ַɫһ漴صĵ˵ͷã񷣬ħۣ
£ڿն𣬳޾֮ϵľħ۶ȥһ̣ɫһ
ַǷ˰ɣҪʲô


1269 Ĵ
һ̧̣ͷգӰҡϣģޱߺ嫵֮ء
ַϣͷ˵ţṳ̂˸߶ȣңǰһλħۣУ֮Ȫ
䣡ֲħϢķһɪƮĻȫħҪħ
ڣ˾ħ۵¿գǿֲħӰֻһǧ겻ɢħ֮ѣħ֮жİ֮˵һĵħһʵľţֻǣһִ
ħۣǵ׵̧ۣĿӾħۣ
׵ַۣ׵۵Ժһħ۵ִ΢΢ͷַ׵һַֻۣоħҵķʹҪħ۵ִơ
ħۣһ񣬱ܿϵħ⣬ǶԷǿħ
ԣ׵ۡĿ⿴žħۣΪػʣϧɣ˭ܷ㣬Ȼػʸȴֻʣһǧ겻ɢִѣ
ػʸħжȻһħ⣬һ̣ѩϿգħƶޱ߿¡
ԣɿ֮񣬱֪һУ׵۶žħ˵ħ۵Դ΢΢£漴˫ڵħַͫϡ
䣡һħ֮ַԺУַݣڲȴ޿κΣħִûа㷴
Ϊʲôħͷ̾ϢһַһУˡ
ػʸħ֮ɢˣֻǾħþΪҵĴˣ㿴ɻã׵Ŀ
㲻ɱǡħ۵Į˵ֻһַͷһħҪ֣ɡ
㲻ģβִڣɢӴ֮֮ػһٶȿڣþħ۵ÿնַ֮ػң
ͷħۿһۻˣ¶ŨŨİˡ
䣡ڴʱַֻоһֻεĴֽס漴͵һ˦壬ǾȪˮС
ؾĲħ³һ漴ַֻоǾ֮Ȫ壬ȴûн𣬶ǻһϵԺ֮С
ַһף׵۳ɹˣȴ׵ۣϻ쵰ûоԵİգԼģ
۾ַϥھȪˮУһƾ֮Ȫϵĳˢ壬޾ƮԺУԺ졣
˿̣¿еȺһʲôΪδʱַ㣬ϥھȪˮУ
ħ۵Ψ֪˶֪ʲô˿̣ѩ¹Ⱥȫͷе澰ǣַ㣬ѩµľַ㣬ϥھȪˮС
ʹ˼䵣ģɫ԰ףַ㣬ǧҪ¡
˿̣ϵҲǺˮڶģþħ۶ػʵġ
˵ĶԣؾĲþȻػʼ㸴ѷػʣҳк⣬ֻΪ䣡ħ۵ͷŻ֮ˣһħۣȴˮľħؼ죬͸ŨŨİˡ
ȥĹãħ۵ͷһ۵µľ޴ӡ޾
󣬾ħۿַ㣬վħģ
£ħԺУһƿֲַüĵУ漴ħ۵嶯ˣֻһضȻһ̣ȴʧӰˣ
ɣɰĵϣ̴ִ棡һħ飬ħ۵Ӱ׵ʧؼ޾ħ⣬ɢһգħɢȪˮ٣ַԺУȴڲͣţԺ֮С
ü֮һħֲУƶпµħ⣬̺ޱȿµħ
ħȥʱֳһϡ
վħģ
ַ૵ǾħµӦָۣȻħۡħۡħۡػʣкιϵĹ˭ħ۷ӡħۣΪȴҪ׵۵ĶԻƺħػ볤ңѵǹ÷ħ۷ӡģ
̴ִ棬һܹƿִָúȥδӣַ㿴ѾʧӰоȻʧ
䡢䡢䡭¿գһֲַԼ˾ѣǳŷӡ֮ؿȥǷӡ֮ϻǷӡ棬ںӡƣԽԽǿˣʱҪƿ
ƣʱʺƶħֱ֮޾Ľɫ⻪ƴڵħ֮⣬ϵĴ֮Ϲŷӡ
λͬĹŷӡѾˣħ۵һִѾܹӷӡг˵ӡѾ
䣡ڣ޾ħƳһ̣һɼϢֱ˲֮ϣˣһ̣ӡ飬ħ߽⣬ں֮ɫٸֳ׵ı޾ֲϢ嫡ȣǿʢ
˭ңƿӡĽ廯׳ҡϣħ֮ݣǿʢ˼¡
ʣҲȴȻûнֲֿϢϢɫ΢Щ԰֮⡣
ķӡڳˣ
ӡˣ
ػħȥ˭ң
һعַٵĶߣԶȥ
һ̣˸ͷƿķӡͷݺݵĳ鴤£𺳲ѡ
һɹȥ޾Ĺ⻪Ҫѩµÿһ䣬һޱߺ嫵ĹϵķҡϣǷӡ֮ص¿գ֣
Ĺѹǻ쵰ҪĹػʺ;ħ۵С磡ַɫһĹطŵģһƬ磡


1270 ǿ
Ĺ֮ʱħӦûڣô˵ĹΪػʣΪǿߣ֮Ĺַ洫˵һҪõʲôǵŮǺ⡣
֪ʲôػϣкüֲֿ۾Ŀ˸ַͲҸղΪ˵йϵ
ҪôַɫдһĨЦ;ħ۵ĶԻﻹ᲻ס
û뵽㻹ڣױ۵˰ɣǴһ˿Ц⣬ַ㷭˷ۣ쵰ָô
ǱֿˣַĿⶢƿķӡĹӵ漴ڴչϵţһƴгһ˼ɾĵһǿʢޱȵĹ⻪Ű˷Ҫѩ¹
λΪƿ˷ӡˣ˻ľݵǷˣ治м˵˻ľڻʽ٣ӵоԵƣѩ¹ΪǶᱦȻݲЩӡ֮µҰ
ѩ¹Ӵ֮иˡֹһСССѩ£ӴˣѩµѾǱȻˡ
ػӵСޱȣ֮ɽУˮĲϣϵɢݺڷԲǧأӴ֮ƺɽϺڷһ򣬽ػյɹȡ
ͬʱħ۵С磬ػʵСƽУȴӵޱߣһޱȾ޴ԲװҪػʵСС磬ɺҪػʰ㡣
ǴǿߵС𣬺׳ַۣ𺳣޾ã֮رһȡħ۵Ĺͬǰﳤǰ㣬ۣ֪Ҫ켸ǧȻĿȣҲͬչȥһǧ
С磬Ҫ쵽ݳȥ𣡡ַа̾һС֮ңȷҪﵽݳˣǿֲĻԡѩ¹Ӵˣѩ¹Ҫ츲صı仯ˣ½иǿ١
ַ㣬ȥʱԳɶַһʴսѾչΪ˱С磬֮Ͽսˣع֮ϵС磬ȴ֮Ӱ׷̤㣬¿նȥػʺ;ħ۵С磬һǱֵǡ
ÿٶȣȺΧеȺȫ¿գ漴Ҳ·Сȥ
һɹŨµԪӴ֮⣬иϢ̤С磬ַоޱȵ泩ѪҺѪ֫ٺתޱ˳
ȫȥڴʱһȹһ׵Ӵ֮ϣȻʡ
Եޱߣɻƽȴ͸˿˿ڵħ⣬УҲ˿˿ħ֮⡣
Ǿħֻһ񣬾ħ۽ħᴩϣħ⣬Ѿħ֮ƣַ㴫˵ַҲʣħ۵һþħᴩ룬ʹħǺεȿµ
䣡Ⱥ֮ϣ𺳣ڻսѣѩ¹˶̧ͷ񷣬ޱȡ
ٲɱ⣡ʿһַѪţҰʣֲ̫ˣ˭÷ɱ
ˡڴ˿̣֮ϣƲ㷭ݣع񷶼ÿ
һ̣սڻʶȻ̧ͣͷǵϿգоǿ߳ˣÿµϢ
֮ϣһףϰԵɨƬһۣһ̣ضҪϢ
գǳ֮˵¿յСȥһ̾Ϣ
ʣȣԶ̤㣡һޱ߰³ޱȣĿǣκ˲ΥңֱʣȣԶ̤㣡
ôĿΪԼ˭̧𣬷Ľɫ֮ϣնգֱϵӰԵ
֮ϵ׿һۣ漴һѹص֮Ͻ٣Ⱥֻһִѹ˷ҽ֮۾ȥǲ֣Ϊǲѹȶµ˲̫ˣ쵽ֻоĩ٣һ̾Ҫȫ۾
¡һɿޱߵزݣȺֻоϢѹ٣ȴûɻúõĻš
ǵ۾һɲǣʱɫ˲ֱò԰зֹ඼Ҫ
ʵʣޱߵǿʣ˿̣ȴǲУŭХزݣȻѲֻ֡
˵һССһʡһĹŷϷҲô˵֮ϵӰޱ߰ԵΪף˻ĳʵʣȴСС񣬱Ūģã˵ʵжôĿ£ֱȥ
ӹɣһλۣңǾֲĴۣʡҶô˵εȰԵĻЩʶĲֹ
вף㲻ǲ͵˦˳ȥƿһʵӰʧˣҲûټ
նģ˵漴֮ϵľǿ߸ڻʣĮĵǣȣλʣ̤ȣɱ
λʣѩ£ɱ
ޱ߰ԵŵЩ漴һ쫷磬뿪Ҳͣ̫ˣֲʣڶԷоͬСһһܶʵֻ


1271 Ϊ
ˣȺɫһʣת˲ʧӰ٣֮ϵǿһ仰ˡ
˭ַͬͷеĿֲǿߣֳһλֲĴۣգһλħִ˿ּ̣˰ۡ
Ϊأ洫ظַ㣬ַӡһʱ̣ħȥӰ֣ӹɣǸܵӡŻή
ħôַ૵һûٻӦַҲȥʣӹɣˣҪôǷħۣҪôػĹϵĿ֮ˣŮػĹΪЩǿߣֻ˷ӡԼĹһǿߣȻƾճѩ¹ģӡĹϣȻӡǡ
ַֻ㻹֪ħ֮ˣǷͬһˣУۣеװĽɫþħۻǧ겻ɢִվħģ
ȻǺµǿߣħǿ֮һǵ֮ʱ֪ǺʱħĿֲȻǺŵġ
ʱеľǿĿ⻷ˣȺһǿֻҪһŭǽ֮ء
գǿߵĿ⿴ɢС磬̲סһ̾ϢˣһԵɡ
СرöҡС˵Ӱ³һѩ£¿֮˷׷׵ͷа档
趯֮ϵĿֲƲ㷭ݣûƻһֲУ׳ʧʱѩ¹ϿգҲĻָƽȥҲ뿪ݺˡ
ƺǹڰѩ¡ַ૵һִҲ֪Ƿ׼ȷǴǿߣʸߣ˲˵ѩ¸
һλǿߣһ֮䣬׿ɴݻһѩСȻ̸˵ַɲЩǿл˵ʵǿߵ·;˭ǲ̤޾ʬǣҪɾ͵λ²֪жѪ
ԲǾ֮Ͷѣ˵ַ΢΢ͷҪѩ£ܣǿֲĴֻۣҪһһ仰ѩ¹ѡ
ǣøˣ˶˸¶һĨ⣬ַ㰵쵰ǧǰŵĹѹǧ֮ãĲİ뵽ħ۾ˣиղǴ۲Ե׵ۡʵЩߣ
֮䣬Ҳо޴ģַֻôˣ֮ͬҲеȼ֣ͬ׵ʣʵǸԽ
ַ㣬ȥػʾס޹ػϣкüǿĵ۾ڿգҰ˫޴ӺҪԴǧľ޴޹
۾ַɫһ۹žʵǰ׵õػʣѵ۷ʲɣȻܹõ۾
Ϊôףػ츳ףͬʱ򼸲۾ԼĵգɲϧΪŮʣεţҲûм˸ôһ˭֪δ֮£
˶Դ˵Ļд鷳ˣң쵰˰λʹ÷ӡɶþħ۳ˣλʵأ֪ǳʿҪƤɣַ붼оЩ㤣ǧܶ·λʣǺַ㲻룬Ҳֻ쵰¡
䣡һɿֲı촫ֻ¿һλѾ˴սƺʲô
ȥַ˸Ǳ߾ȥܿ죬ǷȺһйеڣ֮мͼƺػʵ̡
ûȤֱ߿Ǵۣػ̵ͼôĿģǵ۾
Ȼݺǧصйһ֪Ƿڵĵ۾̸ס
ͷңЩסػʹҲܹҵ˶Ŀ¶˿˿ϣɫĵ۾εǿĻַҲ֪쵰Ҫʲôˣ
ػĹΪ
ػĹУΪλַ۵ʵ
֪̫ˣӦַһַҧϻ쵰Ȼѵ۲뵽µеĹؼ
ַĿ˸ŵâֵ۾᲻Ҫõ
ۣһΪ൱λۣεȿֲ
ûӴˣһΪսֹ
ʣַ㽫֮֮У޾ػСУӵиǿߣҪСĽ
޹ַĿ¿յС磬˼ǼһҪͨҵػ޹ѰػʣὫ֮
ңȻὫҪıڴָУЯַ㣬ӹɣһλǿߣˡ
ػʵѾħ۵ִˣַЩԣػΪ֮ǰ϶ǻС棬ȵػ֮ʱٻȡǣػʿԼҲû뵽ħۣȻΪտ
ħԼѾˣҪػ֮ҲûãػʵĴָҪôϣҪôСַЦ£ҪȥѰǺˣǣҵػʵ޹ûҲֵġ
ǷһǶϡ䱦ػʵʵ۾мԲȱ
Ҷ徻šϲ֡ˮɽڣ䵭Ϊ˪ˣȻͬϲ徻ģַ૵޾Сȥܿ죬ңԶķ򣬵ȷһƬСɽдеĹǡ
ˣַ峯ǷХȥ磬֮в˶Ų˸ѰĿ꣬ᱦѾսȻ֡
ܿ죬ַӽǿ򣬹죬ȷͬһƬɽлˮ֮
ţڴʱַԱߣһӰͷűϢַϡ
ַĿ⳯ȥֻоҰޱȣ۾һͷޱȿҰޣַ㣬ַоһɿֲѪ֮⡣
ַȻ仯ڰ֮ɫͫױޱߣһޱȿµħŶһ̣ǿֻо޾ı䡢֮УǾȪˮϵĸʴ壬ҪĨ
гһεѪޱĽŲҲͣ΢΢ţÿֲħǸַħ
ħۣ΢΢һַϣɫ԰ףħƺַһƿֲħ


1272 Ҷַ
ַ̤Ƭɽˮ򣬽ǿޱȾ޴Ĺ֮ϣ͸˿˿֮ɫСбǧ֮ãͦΣԳƵˣ֪ʲôĹ
һ۶ɣַֻڹ֮ϣһֻʵһƤޱι̡
Ƴɱʥõֹɣַ૵һùǱ
ַϣһƷʥȨȣƺһĹɣпǵ伮мصֻ֮ҪַһȨȣܹΪ
СһޱȾ޴ıأϧ޷ռΪСַаһػС磬ħС磬ֱһֲıأǾǿߵĻڣӴʲ̤ѩ°벽ۣ˭ܲĶ
һַһɽڣȻһ޹Ҷһϰߣ˵Ҷػһϰߡ
޹ĴǳŵģֱַӲУһɵ֮ǧ겻ɢƢ˸оǳƮȻ֮С
ֻŵϢ˶Ŀǿ󣡡ַɫһǾ޴ȴܰ޹֮Уػ޹ܼ򵥡ȴǳţɾ࣬ûȾϰ㳾
ַĿһ֮ϣǹϢȻǴǲƵģܹ˾ӡ泩ܹá
һپôƣַĿ⿴֮ϣһ·ƶ͸һɴ֮⣬ַ㾪̾Ȼӹɣһ
â˸ֱַӽ֮ΪУã˵ġ
ַŲ̧һ֮ͭǰͭػױ֮ã͸ŵĹϢַо˿˿
֪ͭкãַ㽫ͭ漴һطȥԪȴûʲôӦ
˵ַ㽫ͭ봢ָУʵЩ飬һλŮʵĹ뷿ƺЩ뵽ػʺԼĹϵַҲ̹ȻˣӦõģ
ַ㳯ǽϿȥһͼеɽˮ·ĻᶯһַǸӡ׵۵СͼӦҲǼ
ϧҲַָ૵һĿɨػ޹еÿһ䣬һطŹ
ţڴ˿ַ̣ػ˯Ŵ漴һ֮ɫ
˻֣һɿֲ쫷ϯʱŴַ֣ȻһֻŴϾȻһƴ·ޱȣһ
ַ߹ȥĽػ齵ĹŴҲҪ޹ܿ۵ıϴһա
Ҳַ㿴һǾµĲˡ
·ӦǼʥ͸Ҷ
ػҲϲ⻭ʲˡ
ַػʵ޹зɨţܹ۵ĶȫˣػʸһĻ֪᲻׷ɱ쵰·Ź
ػŵ·ʥģַܷŹ
ˣַ૵ƺһЩ֮ȵ뿪о
һУַĽŲȥ޾СУ֪طǷر֣Ȼһֱ
ܿ죬ַĽŲͣüͷһâ˸
ߵ޹ſڣַ㿴кüӰһˣȻҵơ
ƵԣкüλӢ֮׵񣬺Ȼڡ
ģַĮʵ
޿ɷ棡ַĻӦһĪϴεĽѵ̣
ɱڴʱŭһֲַ͵һ漴ѿչž֣һĿޱߵѿչâֱӳַ㱬쵽ַӦ̫ˣҵˣΪɱַģ׼ʹѿչž
䣡һɿֲĲ͵ը£ַǰһӴ壬֮ǣַǰ֮ȻһŴŴȻޱȼ̣ѿչžĿֲֻǺ棬ȻûܴݻٵŴ
ˡַ͵һöӡƶ͸һ亹ɫǳѿҵˣȻҶ֣ѿչžӦֱɱַ㡣
ػ˯ŴӲղѿչžʱӦֻڵʯһȡػ֮û뵽ȴ
ߣ֮һգ磬ַһξ룬콣ʣҲӦԵʱ䡣
ַһػɫѿǾȻû뿪ѵа취ֿ֮
ϣеƣַĿĮûеƣƲðն֣ңʧ֮ȻҲߣֻǺһξ롣
ַŲ̤֮кŵĿ⣬ڿգҵǿ߿ȥĿ⼫ĺ䣬ˣԷ֮ᷢʱʹá
˭ĵͲն뽿ַ֮кһħڷƴȥż־֮⣬ʱ콣
ַ㣬Ѿ˭ˣѩ¹ļңݳǰɣ㶯ԣĶַ㣬ַɱʥץ뽿֮ҵĿֲ鱨㿪ʼǷַ֣㣬һңԶ֮أԵɺ֮µѩ£ȴҵַϳ
ַһĨֲ֮ɱҡܺã뽿ߣΪ˷һ֣ȻѡǶԵģûѪ뽿֪һʲô
콣֮ɣƶַ˵һַĿ䣬˿ȴˣֻ֮ʣαĻˣٳʣֻʣһλᡣ
˿̣ңҪ


1273 ͼ
ңȻ콣ַҲڴʱһӰߣĿַ㡣
ղ˵ַ㣬ѩ¾ļңݳǣһǿ߶ʵ˻͸ſҰ֮ԵޱȣȻ񱤵ˡ
ûݳǣЦ£ʱַе֮ɫ䡣
콣𣡡Ц漴ѿչžڿն𣬹â޾Ŀ£Ҫַϡ
ƣȻԼҲҿַ㣬ֻѿչžַʹ콣
ɱŭһʱһޱȿֲѿչֱַ㡣
¡¡ֲײַ֮ͷϿٶȳž޴ĹӴ齣ʱǿĿ⳯߿һŴ齣ȻֵܹסѿչžǿֻǴַˣңƺһص·Ҫ㡣
ߣһ̼䣬еѿչžţһɹǿʢޱȵ˺Ӷ˺ѿռ䣬ַ㲻콣֮
ݡһޱ߿µĽâֱѿչžٶȿ쵽˼顣
ţƵüͷȻһ漴ǵľ޴֮һֲѿչž֮ϣѿչžޱȾ޴ľ޽ųŵȥ
꣡ѿչžƣɫ͵һ䣬΢Щ԰֮⡣
ŭһûãֲľ޽ɴѿչž¿պȥ¡¡Ĺ֮ɫ԰ףŲһ̤ղ
콣ַŭһʱƵ嶸ȻһٶȻصԭأĿⶢַ㡣
㿪Цѣַ¶һĨĮЦݣƵɫһѿޱȣַˣˡ
䡢ǡޱȿֲֻ֮ǿµľ޽ײѿչžԽԽˣһǵǿ촫ѿչž׵ѵ飬Ϊ
ݡֲȻתֱƣ죬Ƭգ޾Ŀֲ޼᲻ݡ
ŭһ͵Ĵ֮кƳһſռǧ˿ƵĿռǾ޽Ȼȴı˺ѡ
ѿգŲһ̤ƺһƣպѷֽ⣬޾ֲĿռž޽˺Ѷȥ
ȻǾ޽һǰΨпͷǧ֮ͬʱŭХɱơ
һղǰһֲĿռУ޾ɱȥֱеУޱȿ¡
¡޽٣ɱռУռŭХ֮Ĵ̶·ǧƿռ˿ȫҪ뵽ռеУ޽ҲҪɵ
УƿֲһĴԼµĿռ֮ϣʱռ˻֮ĳǰѹȹȥһ̾޽ڱˣ漴ޱȿµľ޽ĻûΣգΪһ֮
ĹĿⶢǳֵӰޱȣһ۵֮ѵѿչžһƷʥѵˡ
Ĺ֮ĹĹȡɼĳϣˣǽ֮ĹΪ
ѿչžȻǾƷʥǿʢûôǿڽĹķ񹥻֮£ѵˣʧһƷʥ
Ʒʥ߾ǿ߶ԣˣҲһѷӳƷʥȫλʣɻ֮󣬵òҲþƷʥѣڽĹ£Ʒʥѿչžݻٵˡ
ŭХʮλǿ߽٣Ƭռ䶼
ǿߣȻô࣬ܺãɫѿʮλǿߣȫǿߣɼν˶ôµַ⽣ĺֲ
ҪˣǣǶ֮ˣҶұôв˵󣬺ôĵˣȻĸҶʼ壬ҡ
ĹĿַ㣬ƺַֻ
ҵˣֲûɱգҶֵġַ˵֮ˣɱ⣡
ɱ⣡֮ɫһƱ˵ַ㣬㲻ݳǻô
ңַЦѩ¹ʽ㣬ʲҪ˭ҡ
ɱַһ³һ̣ХڿգعݺƬա
ã·ɫѿ漴һʱϿշ򣬳һͼͼ֮͸ֲĿռޱȿ£âͷʱΧնһ̣֮ϣеĻﶼĲ
ȺɫһϣһС
ҵͼףԶ˿һĻȻһ׼ܳˣȻһ֣һƵϡ
ʼ壬񣬴˲֪꣬ǵǿʢУһҪĺ׼ǣ
ʼ壬ûлʲôĻжټ
ɵʼ壬Ϊ꣬УܻкüǿĻ
ңʼ֮һȻӵвֹһ˿̣ϣȻʹһͼס
Ǻ֮˵Ѫмַ֮Ŀⶢͼףɫѿе޷ƣͼ׶ȥҪƣ΢ֱַӽ
ѹƼʹ콣ˡַĮʹ콣Է»ͼף콣ˡ
Ѱҵر֮ǰ콣ҵˣĺ⡣
գһ³ֲͼųµĿռâʱֱӳͼ׷ȥȫ
ͼףκοֲͬΪҲգĻҪᱦȺһĻа֮ƽͼ״ϣȻΪ˷ᱦã


1274 ŭ콣
ߣƺһ˸ַˣ֮ˣ׷׻ַˣȻ˵ͼ׵Ŀֲ
ߵĵôһֻ֮һֱֲ͵ĴӺ泯ַ̽ȥֱɴ֣Ұۼףǻַ嶼Ҫ͸
նĹһ˲Ϣַ֮ϺƳһޱߵնɱ£ֲı촫ֱۻ޾ƣͬʱһޱȿֲĿռ乵ּǰնȥҪƳһ
񱤣ַһЩ񱤵˼Լʹ֮Ҳˡ
ƣ춯֡񱤵ͺһ漴ռХֻǻͼڿգͼף֮ϣ˿ֲͼףͼҡڣнɫˮڸҫĿޱߣֲĽɫռ·ݺύǴ·
ͼףɲһ̣ڿգվͼ׵ıԵַˣһ貵Ľɫ޾Ľɫ·ַԼȫ֡
һį˼ǧĽҲԣգŭһֲĻ֮޾Ľɫϼţյͼ¿գеһжͼ׷ȥ޿ɱܡ
Ĺַֻ峯Ͽյͼ׶ȥɫѿ岻Ҳַ̤ͼ֮С
ȫĹŭһһâ˸ַ㣬Լǿȫʧ¿գ֮ϵǧҲͼ׵УеһУ̡
ͼףԳɿռ䣡ַ㱻ͼ׵У˿̣վͼڵһƬռ䣬ΧȫǿֲĿռ·֯ƣҪƳһ̫ˣҪǼֲǿ߲УԿռƿǿ󵽲˼ĵز
еȺһҲˣԣĹַһɫÿȻͼ֮Уַɫƽɵаͷ֮¾ȻֵܱȻɫ
ַ΢΢ͷ֣ԼĿ⾹ȻɿԿһУ޾Ŀռ·谭Ұ
ַ㣬뽿ų˲ֻͼСƵУĿ涢ַ㣬ܹͼףʼȻͼ׽ʹãȻƶһƿȨܹӳͼ׵
ַһâƣʼ壬һȺ֮ҲŹ
ߣ˵һ飬뽿ھɱݳǣ棬һɱ㽻ˣ̺ɱ⣬ڣֻҪˣ뽿һȳΪΪַô
Ȼַ˿̱ͼ֮УôܽˣһˣҸ޼ɵ˭֪һʲôٶڳŵһջѡ
Ҷˣһ뽿ַĮӦ漴ڣǶĿСǰ
ڤ粻飬ұɱǣն㣡Ʊ˵̼䣬ͼеĿֲ·ʱ˺һеǿϢƳһռ籩еһУҪ˺ѡ
򷨲֣ػĹĮ³һʱ֮ϳ޾â漴һ貵
ǽĹЩǿߣһͬʱͷ콣⣬Ϊַܷ֮ŭͼ֮УâɣһХַתûˣΨнеһ̤뽣֮УҪɱ򷨲֡
ֲĿռ籩뽣֮籩ͼײХ̶ƿһĻߵֶܼã
ϧͼûоԵƿȨһ֮䣬ûЩȫɱ
Ȼڤ粻飬ǰݳǣɱˣ˵ñĿַɫ̹ǣңܺã
ʹ֮нԼػַ㵹ǲģֻ岻֪ʲôǿߣӦƣȻҪᱦӵͼȱôߡ
ʱַڵСǰ콣
СһҪС
С΢΢ַָ㣬Щ޶ԡ
֮ȴֻһͨĻס㣬ԶռͼУַ˵Ҫŭ֮Ϊƿ֮ƲͼףַɲôΪ֮Ѿ˽飬Լƿأһ
СͷųһƵķ֮⣬Щŭ㡣
ңգ콣ʺεȷˣ˻޵У˭˸ǣ֪٣֮ЦһʣһãԸ콣֮ε裬콣ʡ֮
ַ͸һĨĨ̾Ϣ֮⣬ܵǿҵ㣬ڣе˵⽣СӦõġ
͡͡Ȼһֲķ֮²ݣ֮ͷų޷֮ǿޱȡ
ˣ콣ַڣַȻһĨ֮âŶ¶һĨЦ⣬ҿû˵õڶλᣡ
콣Ĺ˲µĽʱƹâһݣҪ
䣡ֲ֮һУ̼䣬ͼУ޾Ŀռ·ȫҫһޱȿµĴħҪ֮ס
ǣâҪƬռ䣬ͼ֮У׵纣ͬʱµ˺֮֮ͷŶضҪƣ·Ҳ赲ס
֮˴˿һֹͣ˶̧ͷ֮ޱȣǿ޷죬һٻ֮ˡ
ݡݡͼ׷ţƵƣȻһĿĶͼס
ַʹ콣ôôǿ󣡡֪콣ַڿƣַҲ޷ơ
䣡ֲ֮ؼȺֻ֮ͼգȻȴڷţڽսУһɿֲ޷֮Ŷ


1275 ־
콣֮ΧյȺĿһͶգǹɿֲĽͼųҪƿ콣Żȿֲ
ͼ׵У콣Щ·ѵŰͼ棬һУҪЩ·ȫĨ
飬ŭˡ
ͣ£ŭһͼ֮У޾Ŀռ·֯貶Ŀ콣ֶȥ콣΢΢˶١
͡콣³ϼ⣬˺һУͬӵޱȿµĿռ̺У·ס
ˣڴ˿̣ͼǾ޴Ŀռ֮У޾Ľɫ·֮ϳһ˫۾ޱȵ۾
ʣַɫһ˫۾ʵͼױʵֻǷᱦã˿̣콣ڻŰҪƿ־
콣ʵĽʵҪжһ¶һޱȿµķ֮⣬ʱ޾Ŀռ콣֮ѹȥ̼䣬޾Ŀռ֮һƣ֮
ݡ콣ŭХ͸ſֲ޷֮⣬޽֮ͣ
ΧȺֻͼ׷ſҡϣڱס֮⣬ݺ᷽Բ֮أƬض貵ĽɫȺ𺳲ݣипǿʢǿ߲ʹõ
ȻȺΪ𺳵ǣǴޱ߾޴ͼУһҪͱƲ񷣬޷Ľ
ƵĿҲ¶֮ɫû뵽ʣĻͼ׶Ҫǽ̫ˡ
ַ㣬ˡ
ͼ׵Уʵ־ޱǿʢ޽˵콣ʵĽҲҪ㳼
ֲ־ͨͼеĿռ·һֵĽɫĻƽˮĻϵĳ콣ֶȥ
𣡡ʱ֮Уһ˫Ȼһ
˭˫ŭ콣֮漴һĨƿһУɱȥ
£ŭһȻǵֲâѾ޿赲еһжҪƿɱ޷졣
䣡ӡУ飬̼䣬޾Ŀռ·Ҳƿ֮ŭХ¡¡ľ޴ը֮سһֲкڶһ̣ƬռȺ̧ͷߡ
ͼףˣȺɫӲֻһ޽ڿգ񷣬޷죬ַԼǿߵӰٶȳˣȫ̧ͷ֮ɫ𺳡
ǵʵ־ǣ콣ʵ־
棡ĹɫޱȣĿеľ޽־棬ܻڣ
콣ʣַɫ𺳣ֻ֣ȴǵġ
͡콣콣漴͵תƣֲ̺ŭ⣬ӵ֮ŭ
ɫ˲ò԰ˡҪͼ콣û뵽ͼ׵ס콣־֣ɱ콣ƿն콣˭赲
ߣһߣ񱤵ǿȻȥɫѿԶߡ
͡콣ƿգƽŲ̤ղʹöȻûã콣壬Ƴգ˲׷ʮ֮أըѣ
ַ̤޽ϣͬʱ³һնɱ֮ˣ
ǡǿߵͷɱ죬˶һ֮׷ɱȥ
ѪţһλֲǿֱӱĹ˺ѣɱ
ҵˣ군ˣȺһƶַͻɱ֣ҪַҸµǣоƷʥѿչžлͼףַ㱾û뵽콣˿ֲ˺˻ͼס
;Ʒʥȫһλ߻ɱȥַļˣʣµǿߣֻܱ¾
һ֮䣬ַͽ𣬱Ⱥ
콣ն֮Զַ嵱Уַ˵ַڶλỹûãҪַķԸξΣɱƣΪɱѡ
ȻѾ޹ؽҪַ㽫ƵĴָսˣֱԼĴָУһλǿһʷḻıˡ
ܿ죬Χ߱ȫĨɱһʣ£Ⱥԣûǿߣܹ赲Ĺǿ󽣸֮ˣ֮ΪٶȰǿ̶ȡ
ߣȥݳǣַ³һһһλɱݳǣ˵ʹλַɷĲ£нĹ죬ǰݳҪ˶á
ڣĹ΢΢ͷ˵̼䣬нǿٶȻ漴ŭХںΪһһֲ޽Ͻâ
콣ʵĺˣǧ֮õĽį̻ڣһЩֶͨΣΪȺа̾ǻ֮Ǵ˿ںϽͨǺֶΡ
޽Х˲併ַǰַ΢΢£漴̤˽ǿľ޽֮ϣƿգһ㣬쵽ױȣ˲ʧҲַֻ㣬ܹýǿֶ̤棬Ϊ·ˡ
ѵַõ콣ʵĴвɣаַ̫ͻأˣ̤֮ѩս֮ǰûж֪֮ǳ֮󣬼սĿңַĽͨǿƿ£ƿ֮֮˶̶Ĳֻ뵽ַǵõ콣ʵĴУ޷͡
ʱݳǣһλѾˣֱݳǻʹվ֮ϣ棬Ŀޱȡ
̧ͷеǿߣ΢΢ÿֲ
ɱŭһһֱӳ¿պɱعʱһֱӱû
󷨣˴ͬʱǿʢޱȣŭһ˭Ұ
񷣬˲Ϣߣ漴һӰڿգǿߡ
Ȼһַ㣬һ֡
壬һƷʥɣȫɱַȫסַãŲãɫĮ˵


1276 ˻Ķ
ַĺǷǳǿҵģһУ츳ǳõӣУʥַնˣ뽿ַ²񣬲֪ôˣַ㱻ͼ̣ƿУȻᣬȻҪݺݵı
΢΢ͷһʱ֮ϳһֲĽ͸ſֲ
ɱŭһֲĽͻȻֻûǧ֮֮ȫǿҵӰ͸գˡ
߱λ߽Լͬʱޱ߷ɱȥ
ͣ£ûǧħƽƬն֣λԷӰֻܿ
ն¡Ŀֲ֮λɫѿ⼫Ʒʥûǧ򣬷ǿᣬնϣܹûǧһǾǿ󣬵Ⱥ幥
һֲ¿պȥȻ棬ֲѵ
壬Ҫɱס˵죬ޱȿ¡
һŭ֮ԶȻһعͷ漴㿴һ콣ɱǿֲľ޽̵ض¡¡ļ죬ٶ̫ˡ
ȻһҲƲ·͵ջسž޽ɱȥ
ַڿգ뿪޽ȴޱȿµľ޽ڵĿֲɱ⣬˲ϢȺǰٶ̫ˣһжֻ˲Ϣ䡣
䣡ֲײ֮޷ס콣ôĽǿΪһֱֲն塣
͵һǧסǾ޽̤ղٵĺˡ
ͣһնգ壬ɫ԰ףŲ̤ҪյС
նһֲľ޽նɫѿλͬʱ֣ÿһ̺նĿֲ޿赲ٿֲֻҪնУȻնϡ
ɫ԰ףôַ㣬ô
أлͼףôַ㣬̺֮־һʧʧܵġ
͡޷ֵס޽ƣλһλǿں϶ɵǿһնضǽǿԱ߶ֱӱնɱ
ƣŭһ޾ѿհȭɱضȭӰ͸գҪպƣҪһ·
ɢһŭȴ漴޽ɢһǿĽͬʱɱһƬΨݺĽط
ֲŭХ֮֮Ѫ¿յ䣬׵˺ѵҲĹ֮С
һ̣ɫòҰûаѪɫλ߼ĽǿߣӶûطӡ
ַ㣡ַ㣬ͷѾ΢΢־֮
ҪɱˣַӱѾֻҪһᱻס
Ӣһɱ
ַ³һɱ⣬񣬱ɱ
նͽͬʱ֣˺գ쵽˼ĵز
ɫ԰ֽղ̤յһ˲һطٶֲ̫ˣ˲׷ɱϣֲĲٶȴˣŭնɫҰס
¡¡һֲı֮ռң漴ȺֻһӰ֣ʮ֮⣬ա
ţַɫһȻˡ
µӡǣĹַ˵ַ΢΢ͷҺ֮УһӢ츳ǿʥʮемɻʣʥַնˣҺ󱲣ʣʣʣȻ᲻
ݳǵȺеĴսͷ𺳣Щǵ̫ˣһַʱ֮󣬾ħѩ£ħ۾ˣٺƺɽս֮֮ңѩ¡
ţһӳضӶѩ¹ѾЩˣƽ߶Ǵ˵еǿߣδѩ£ȻӰżǰ֪νۣһΣǼλ
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С㣡ʱʹУֺӰڿգַƽ£Ҳ㰲ˣʱǿֲز̫ˣңۼַģʱĶһֱ˵ţల¡
ףİɣҺܺãַֺЦ£Ҳû뵽ѩµķ粨˿ֲңػһֱܾãЩһȥ䲻̤ѩ£»ɼǿ߽ѩˡ
ػʵС;ħ۵С磬ǱأӵջʲôرĻǻĿֲ֮
ңȻҪռػʺħ۵С硣
ʱַ֪ʻع˻ľ֮󣬰λʶܵСƣħʴʣħħᴩ꣬϶һɿµħϢøӵ꣬ȻҪ׻ʺʹԳˣΪ׻ʺʹԳûоȡ
һսңţħҲսˣĴŭսأѣλʾҪ˴˻ĨʣӴֲʵǰŰ衣
ңλʵĿֲսҲӰ쵽ʣΪһ£ʼʺʱìܲǳֱħ֣Щ꣬Ҳսһȴû뵽˾ռҵҲսˣֶʼʣҪ۰лġ
ⳡʴսڰ˻ˣ˻ľƽΪ˴ѩµķ粨׵Ĵˡ
ټҡ񱤡󡢻̨֮ìĦ˻ľ֮˶оһϢѹ֮һɷ֮ƣ
ѩ£Ϊʵһս


1277 
̨죬Ӱľ֮ϣеСеİ
ϻƣ˻ľԽԽˣҲ̨һӰǣЦ£Ե˵̣Ȼ̨ʣʡ
ͱֻˣΪ̨ܶ𣿡Ц˵񱤵Ǽһ߱ͬˣòƶƽ
ټϴ˴ѩµķ粨ʴս̨Ҫǣȥˣ֮ЦŻӦȴԵøĵȻ
˻гڻ֮ԼңŲ𣬽̨֡аնַ㡢ġַ飬Щδл֤Ϊʣ䲻̨ҲһЩ츳ǿ֮δ磬Щǡ֮ǿ֮ǰѾ̤ţǲ֪ģ
û֮οмһο϶ʱ䣬гһЩҲǲ֪źܿ죬ˣң̨Ҳ𣡡
˵գһЦ˻ԵĴʱվҪģѩ¹֮ңֻǼӾ˽ȶѣӴˣ˻ľ̫ƽ

˵ǰ㣬ѩ¹֮ңӾʱĽŲ˿̣λʻع֮ǿһ𿪸ʼңҪ󣬶ңεݣӵĿ£С磬ֻҪõһرһ֧ţҲֵõġ
ңЩ˻ľ֮ˣҲ׷Ҫǰѩ¹òرػʺ;Ĵ۵С磬ҲֵǰһۣңܿĴսȻĵף˿˿Ľõõػʺ;ħ۵ıأ
ʼ嫰˻ģȫƲ棬ʼǹر󣬱˻ΪУʼǿҲ
˻Ľãǰѩ¡
ѩ¹һӰңÿһνٵȺܳѩ¹ͬλãϾʼҵǶģµȻЩĴÿδ͹һλöͬ
Ȼѩ¹֮˶ѾһŴܹ࣬ܵסˣľħǶħħʲôܱǸӵأ
ѩ¹󱲣ǶЩ˷֮⣬һֱǿƵĹȣ񣬰˻ľǿ߲Ͻ٣ǴôңǵҰҲˣ鲼ѩµĿֲԪƺʺˣΧȵˣ׷׳ѩ¹Ǩ
ʱַվݳΧԶϷռ䣬ѾҪǰƺɽˣΪħ۵С磬Ѿƺɽ쵽ߣݺǧ򣬽ػʵСС
Ҳѩ¹֮ӴˣȣҲСʢˣĹַվ˼ЩַʲôǽɱյļԣѪˡ
ַĬƬ̣漴¶һĨЦ⣬˵Ķԣѩ֮Ӵˣѩ¹ǿʢյѩ˭ɣѩµǿʢ뷨̫ˣƺϣѩ¹ǰСϣ˶ƽȻƽҪ𣡡
뵽⣬ַ¶һĨЦݣգѩ¹ʱ򣬲һֱ߳ȥôߵ˽գܹվѩµ۷帩ʲôȨ谭׷ǿߵĻһУ˳ȻɣֻҪûȥЩΥ˵֮±ɡ
ǲøңҪǵʱԻ齣ӡٻǡַ˵һ漴γ¿˸
ĹûΥַĻӵ֮ΣԻὫ֮ȡɱУַİΣĹҲû̫ģϾʹûԸʱ̣ôܻ֡
Ȼַ̤СʱȻѾһףϵϢҲˣַʵЩۣ񱤺ҵĿⶼĶֻҪһ֣ᱻ²㣬ߣżҲҪ߶һˡ
׺ϢַھħСУûʲô˹עһλص˶ѣСʵСˡ
ȻȻǿ߽Сʵ̫ˣԵȺɺɢһȥӰż֮һЩǿնУϳ¿ֻǿ߲ôһֱǿᣬСһЩˣֻܹԹԵԼĽ䣬ȻϸһЩ
ʬǣʱַ˾ħСеһƬɽ֮أƬɽȻһɿݼŵ֮ɫħɽɽĴּ䣬ַ㿴һʬǣʬǵģҷǳĶʬǶ֮ɫġ
һߣַĿɨɽﾹȻвʬǣӦǾħ۵ͽһħΪǿߣӵͽȻҲǷǳ֮¡
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ȻвѰַɽпӰǰԶһλɫŮӣľǳˣȴڹʲôŮӵΪȴЩСؾѡ
ƺǸַܵĿ⣬ǰɽŮ΢΢عͷַǳǳһЦȻַԤϵȷһλŮ
ңŮַɫȻ£Ȼˣɽ۹ʮǿ֮һġ
ǰСŮӣ֪кδͽ̣ĶַЦ˵ȻϳװַЦɺǰһˡ
ǰַЦ£ĹϵҲһǰμѩȣٴԷȴһǰЩϰߡ
ĺͬɽ۹֪ɽ۹ûĵϢַе漴ЦСѾͷòȴѰЩ֮ȴЩˣ
ǰΪСŮҪǿƺҲɣôĳƺСѾͷĵƺܹ˵ľ룬˶˿˿øУңǰӦҲ֪˿ôǿߣƣ˵䲻ĻǰΪҲֻԵ֮һˡ
ַǰȥĿ⿴ģ𣿡
Ŀַ񣬲ɵĿЦѵǰҲˣ
ʲôˣַɶģǹⶺһȴû뵽ƺ֪Щʲô
ǰһħƽտɽĿ˵ַɫһħۣԵɽ
˻ν⣿ַʵ
ǰڿգҡϣַһҲһڿն
ǰԶ߿Ҫǰɫ磬ֻɫָңԶ֮أַ˵
ַϸһۣȥػʵС磬ֻħ۵С磬տʼȥδʲôر𣬵ԶϸȴȻķ֣ԶƬС磬һͷޱ߾޴ĺڰħػʵСӿڻУߣ׷
ǰⲻ֮𣡡ĵЦ˵ַЦôǿ߶˼Ѱȴû뵽ΪСķޱС羹һƬƣڰħ


1278 ǧ֮ս
֮ƣô֮ǿطȻ׷򡣡ַ̤ɽ׷ʬǡ
Уָָһޱ߾޴ħѣգͷУѻصػС罻ĵطͷ죬һͷħ
صС磬СĴ죬Ҳ֮ġַŲһֱ̤С罻֮ضȥһɫɽ΢΢ſħϢַħ֮죬ޱȣĺڰ̺һɿµħ֮
пħ֮أֻǣħǿʢȴ̤У±ħʴַ㿴ԵһֻۣĿЦ£ҶȻ޷ȥ˵ģΪ̫ˣ
ȥַһ漴ħߣһɿֲħϢŨ
ħ߲֪жַһֱ׹Ȼ˺Щʱ̣һƬ޴֮ϣһƬħ
ħ;ַɫһ޾ħأ֪쵽ȥ䰵ȴӰӾÿһأħǰħԶ죬޷͸ȥ֪жԶһƬħ;
ħ۶ַɫһƬħ֮ϣһħÿһħħʿԣǱǿħʿ֮ʱħħħᡣ
ɽеħԱһֻħǱ⣬ȴħ֮أÿһħӵĿ£ֲ̺ħԣƹħַеķԼǵͬĴڡ
ˣַħᣬû޴ƣȻһΣʱһħ𣬱ַ봢С
ǿ߻۶ѰŹЩħᣬҲǱ˵ģɴȫˡ
¡¡첻ϣħϢͣһħֱַյ
ܿ죬һƬħȫˣֻʣһޱȾ޴ħ̸ڣ޴ޱȣһͷֲеĹħϢַ㶼оһ󾪺֪һšһ㹻һǿħΪ֮ˡַŲǰħ֮Ϣ֮УҪǹħû
ţʱַֻоһɿֲ赲סǰĲ޷ǰУһɿֲĽħ
֮ϣһħݣ漴͵ǰһӣʱһ¡촫ƽɵѵǹ赲סַǰеĽŲɢ
ǣַͫȻһֻǿž޴ħ£ȻӰûκεϢͷţǹɿֲħ־ȴַ𺳡
ħַۣһڿħµһ֮ˣȻǾħۣǰȻھ֮ϣһ֣񷾪ħۡ
ħۻڣһˣ˭;ħ۶ԿַɫӲھħ۵Ķ棬һϥͬһλħʿĿƽĮĺ;ħ۶ӣַ˫ӵκεη度¡
Һ;ħ۶Կħʿ˭ַɫޱȣħ۵Ŀֲų·ӡǿ۷ħ۶Կħۣܷħ
ˣһɿֲϢַӶȻһħӰΧȥ
ħַһ̤ǰޱ߾޴ħ£ֲħӡӳһޱȾ޴ƣεĿסħ
ַŭһ淢¡¡ĲһɿµħϢ·Ҫַû
ȻޱȾ޴ħַ֣ܷ֪ղӰľħۣͶӰ־ͶӰܿǹȥһĻʱֳ
𣡡ַһħݣħɿЩҪ
䣡һ죬ħַ¶һĨЦ⣬֮漴̧ͷգ
ҪʲôҺ;ħ۶Կ
ΧĿλµħʿ˳һԣĿ֮ϣһˣǾħۡ
ôĳǾ޴ħ߿һۣȻڴ˿̣һӰ΢ǰ
ַ΢ЦŶĵ˵ͷ漴Ŀ񷣬ħӰ໥ӶԷħƮ
СУӰߵһĻ׷׳˸̧ͷеħӰħۣ֣
ս־֣˾λֲｻ棬Ѿ֪ȥ˶꣬ս־𣬳ձ֡
˭˵˵ħ۶ӰһϮֶۣͷ죬̤أ˫ƽУ͸һɰİԵ֮ݺ̤ǧţΨҶ
˵ʣ˿Ⱦħľǿߣ֪ʲôӿĲˣԾħۣܹ̹ȻƽֶεȲ
ңǾħ۵С磬ζţˣǳħ۵С統УҪħдħ
ַ㿴еӰϵĹħܿƣķзâ¶ħ죬ԵĽŲ˺𺧵ĿصǰÿֲֹصϢ߶û
ַѾעⲻˣΨеӰħͫױ䣬ħǧŴۣ˶ģȻ֮ˣȴ档
ǧŵһʣħʱһ૵֮һȺͷǧŵһʣħʣ
;ħ۶ԿħʣԿӦ÷ǧǰ


1279 ħ¡
ħʣַͷ΢΢£ÿ֣ܻ̲סһʹּ
ʹ֮УΪһ͵ģһ۵ǿ־ȻǱϾƾԼ־̻ģһۣ˿̣һμħˡ
ǧħʣδɻʣնʣǧ
ʣһ죬в޷ȻħʣΪ֮ʱȴ߱ʣⳡս֮ʱħǷɵۻδ֪δɵ۱ҺħۣǱӺˡ
һӰٴ˵أеħӰħӰģ֣عӰ֮Уħۣ˾ħȪˮħӿȥ
ľ֮ˮҪƬأȻڴ˿̣ħܣһħӰƴ֮г֣𺳵Ⱥġ
ʮħȺɫһʮħÿһ˶ޱ߿£һħͷХģħأþĶֻħӡ죬þתħͷΪħá
ħأ˭
ħ£һĿֲǿֹħ£˵еħ֮һ;ħС
ħƿؾħħʣƿħ¡
ħܹٻħħսģǿΪΪܣӵк춯֮žħ֣ؽΪأǿֲĿϵǿħħ£Ϊǿٻ
Ŀ⳯Ͷȥɵõ֮лһĨ𾪵ɫû뵽ǰħ֣ۼʶǿŽľħۿħʹħ£ٻħս
ħʣҲƿһǿôַյӰײû漴ɢջΪޣʲô޷ˣַɫ£Ȼʧ֮УվֻͶӰ֣޷̫ãݵʱɢΣûܿħħʵսΡ
ַ㣬ҲоЩʧ䣬ܿʧ㱻˷ȡĿⶢħߡ
ղӰǴֵģȺâ漴һ˸ֱԾħ߶С
ַаڣ֪Ȳǿž޴ħˣħħʵӰ˲˲֪ǿǰһ̤ħߡ
Ҳȥʱַֻ̧ŲҲħ߶ȥɵһȻʵȷʵ̫Щ
ţ˿ںֻǿ㲻ʲôΣհɣĵЦ£ЦַҲЦˣʱЩ򵥵뷨еħߵڱпֲħ˭֪ʲôΣյĵطղһðյĻѵһȫ
ǰʲô𣿡峺ɺǰһ֮â֪ʦôˣַ㵹ҲЩѾͷ
ûʲôߣַ˸£̤ħߵУħڵħѾȫεһħᶼûи¡
ȺѾ˳ħǰߣ޷͸ħ;ħʺħ֮ıء
ħڴʱǰȺƿյ㣬ǵ֮Уһħзһֲħţ֮ϣһӰħ۵ӰȴԵЩ翡
ֻһյӰѣһħȺа˴ֲΣѾǿ޷ҪǴ䳹׵ĨȥκκۼǲܵģħۼִŵħܹأңĴܹħ֮ӰӰֱ룬̤ħСħ֮С
̼䣬ޱߺ嫵Ĵʯ֮УһֲħŶ
䣡һֲħֱӡһ˵ԺУɫ͵һ˲ޱڣ漴һ
ҽ֮һ˱ħʴ϶ħȴ޷ƿأպ¡һ죬ֱӲ
𡭡һ˴תûвħȺĿޱȣ͸Ѫħʣƻħū
ɱħͷţ峯ħȺ˹ȥˣΪħū
һֲĹͬʱ˶ȥ̼佫ǻħūӰ˺ѵ÷飬˵ĽŲȴͣǰ̤벽Ŀħ
ħ۵ħǰ̤ģ
ַҲȴվȺĺ棬ǰˣˡ
ղħ⣬ô˿ֲЩţղŽħе˶ǿٶн䣬ֻ̼ˣħ̫¡
ĵĻǰ֮˳ͶĿ⣬Ȼ併ĺַϣ˿˿֮ɫ
ŵţĽŲˣƺʶԼˡ
һǿ߶˵
ǰкηԸվԭδɫӲ
ɫһ˼֣һǿʢϢѾٵĵϡ
ɫ԰ףղһ죬ͿҪ
ַŲ΢΢Ų£վĵǰʱĸоѹСַ࣬ıӰ¶һĨмɫȴҲһƵǡ
Ҫȥֱ̤ǣñ˵ȥԣʲôַ㵭Į˵һ͸һĨ⣬ԷȻʵ飬ħȥ
ԷַĻʱ¶һ˿ЦһصˣҲҶԱǳ⣬Ҳ
䣡ַŲһ̤̼䣬һɿֲ
ɫһַ㣬Ȼк
ƻӶʱһ׳ľַֹȥҪַס
ľϵ˵Ӧֲ֮ģַȡһŷ䣬͵ǰգֲϢ졣
䣡ַһͺȣʱһƿֲϢʴЩľ׮ܵ㡣
ɫһǺʿ
ȥַ³һЩľ׮תأŶԷƹȥ΢͡
ݺһһСĿռ޷̫ǿҲʿˡ
ľɣ
ֲĳŶԷ˳ȥЩľ׮̼仯ΪȻԷɫȴ͵һһƿֲʴ壬ľԷʡ
ɣַһâ˶ݵľԷȻɡ
ѾΪ壬ɫҰףϡ
ĿһԷʩ䣬ѣסֱַۿַ»ȻֻǵͽߣٱַΪࡣ
ˣȺ˵£Ŀַһۡ
ַ³һǵ֮˶ʱֻȺɫ͵һˣƺǣ飡
пֲǿʹܹսľţţƺпܣ


1280 ޳ħ
ܹʹôȺĿⶢַ㣬Ժвĸ֣ߣ
ƼʢߣҲˣңΪǿȴϵĿֲأɱ֮ˣͨһˡ
ߵĳȻò⣬伮ϡ٣ңܹҲϡУߺٻ֣ǰһλղʹʹãа壬Ҳûǰǿ
ȻҲûԤϵַ㾹Ŀֲɱߣ練ơ
ллĵһַ㣬Ѿȥʵ飬ħˡ
ַվǰ΢΢˵ͷҪЩ˿ڵʵֻһͣ
Ȼɽ۹ΪǷǳģһжһˡ
ֻ߻ĳħȥɫһûдȷߣڿ顣
ҲãҪ˶ȥаʵ˶н˶ȥ뷨ߣɳΪǱ֮ˣߵ鿪ǿʡȥ鷳
ûܵȺǲħе飬ûκεĹϡ
ֲħ־ַɫһħе̧ͷħеʯϣͼȫǾħ۱ˣȻÿһͼ־ͬӵвͬħ־Щħ־ǼĿ£ܹͨܵ˵ġ
ҽۣ֮ħҲܲסЩµħ־
ַޱߣͫڣһɿֲħ־͸ۣ֮ҪԺС
ʹǽۣ֮һܵӰ죬ַ㣬̤룬ǺЩһĽ֡
ħʯϣžħ۵ħ־Ϊܲסħ־λȥòҪȥȥ֮ܣػᱻħ־ʴ
ַ㿴˵ĿⶼԼϣȺƽ˵
ħ־ַĻˣħ֮ʱֻһħ־Ҳħÿһ̵򣬶ܹΪһħ־ħ۵־̫Եղ̤ħ֮ȻΪܲס
۾ȥȥ̫ˣνȥȻʱѾһλǿ̤ħ֮Уǿһλ߼ĿֲȻȴֻǿǰĿ⵭ˮպϣ۲룬ȫԼꡣ
Ȼû£˵ģ
ȺĽŲ½̤ħУǰһȫԼӾԼȥ㲻ܵħ־ʴ
ǰôȥĿַԭأһ䡣
Ϊ̫ͣҽȥַعͷһЦ漴ͨڵıԵ֮ϥƽ붨״̬¶˿˿ɫ
ħ֮УǾĿעһͼħ־ͨ۾ƴ͸ַ֮Уַ͵һ˫ڵ֮УƳһħϣһɿµħ
䣡Ŀ˫ֲħͫ͵Ĳ£ŵŵ촫߲סΣѾϣҿַ˫ħͫ
ÿ£΢΢ǰɽ۹Ǿ֮ܣɽ۹ǰλ꣬ЩǿޣֻǶԷһǶ޷ܵס
οֲĴ½лʡԼµĴۣһþ
ʱַͫޱȣ֮боħµһĨ־˿̺һײħͷͫнսӵеħ־ڽĲʳֵ־֮ΪԼħ֮־
ַ꣬ڲ俪֮Уַϥһ磬ȴӡĴ·תݣַϣֲֿϢڽսϣֲħתݣòͣգںһ
⣬ַжȻųһֲħ⣬ħ죬嶼ҪûħڲתϢ̤֮˶΢΢ܿԡ
Ž͸һ˿ںϵڶħ־ַֻͫڣħУȺʲô޷ҵĿⲻҿͷţֻܵͷں嫵ħ֮Ĵ߶
ңٺ̤ǿ߲֪ҿֻ̼㱻ħ־ʴĨɱ
飬̧ͷڶħͼַۣ֮ͨƺҲܵǹɿֲħ־ǿʢޱȵħ־ֱӳԺУֿʼ˵ڶֵĽս
ħڣԽԽ̤룬ҲԽԽЩ̤֮˲ܻǣǿɲϣҵħ۱̫֮ǿߣȻ嫵ħֻ֪ħ֮ʱµһͼħǴַĿ˵ģǿ̧ܹͷһ⣬ͨ䣬̧ͷûС
Ȼһħ۵Ӱ˳ҪħӰҵʲôȴǵȴΨħӰ¡
Եøۣϵ̧ͷħʯ֮ϵĲͬͼʱ仺߹˷뿪ħ飬ڹͬͼ
ַ㣬˫ͫףѾóſֲħ⣬·Եˣֻǿһ˫ŵоľ̺֮һħ㡣
ħ֮Уһλ߸оûģɨһ飬ܹܿƵĹһУɵһâ֣Դϡ
Դ΢΢תߣãȻȻ䣬һĿֲħ֮־˫ͫд͸һ˫˾˷ħۡ
߲ҽһֻоԼ۾ҪϹ͵ı۾ͬʱħ֮⣬ַͫ׶Ȼųħ⣬ڰޱߣħûƬء
ַ³һֱӡ˶ԷԴϣֲԷԴ飬ͬʱַĽŲЯŹħ̤ħ֮У
Уǿħ⣬˲ĳǴ˫֮ʱоһҪ̴¶Ŀ־壬Ǳַǿ˶ˡ
ħۣȺɫһ˫ͫףħͫħۣ


1281 Ĺͻ
߲ͬһǿħޣЩһص˶ǶԱ֮˶ѣȻǰλ䣬ȴǸܵһѹ֮ǿʢӵпµĻ
ַֻ̧ͷħʯ֮ϿһۣʱĿһħͼ֮ϣֲħֱӳ֮УƺҪ˫۾̴
ͬʱַ˫ħ֮ͫУͷųĿĺڰ֮⣬ǳħ־⣬һħѾ֮ͨ۸ܹˣȥȥǿЩѾɲ˺ˣȻַȴܹܵħ۵ޱħ⣬̫ǿʢˡ
ħ˸ַɨһʯڣ漴Ŀ΢΢ǰħ۵Ӱ
Ųַ̧ߵ˾ħ۵Ķ棬漴ϥͬħһֱĶ棬ͫ׺ڰħ죬һϮħӰħ־
ŵļһȻҪħ۵־ӰħȺַĶͷ־ǿߵ־Ӱܹ־ȷдôͬΪħ޸ˣǰħ־Լħ
ֻǾħ۵־̫ǿʢˣħ֮Ҳ̫ԵвħʿȥĻҪħ㣬޷ǰԵޱߵħ⡣
۹ڷַͫеħԽԽǿʢϣǹħƻħУһȥ˸оʱַһħ㡣
һħȺַ㣬ħַϣһħȺ·𿴵ַδձһħͷҲ˲²ַĪǣַħ֮ͽ
ħһأѪȻͬѪģһɱûռħˣɼħǿʢٿħͽ߶˶֪˻ľǿħħһʵΡ
Īħ˲ɣȻȴ־ֲͨħģǱЩˡ
ţڴʱȺɫһֻоħ΢΢¡
ħɫһ˵ħĲķȣԽԽǿҡ
ˣʱħʯ֮ϣħͼȫǿʢޱߣĿֲħͷţȺûȥܹᵽǹħķ¡
ħħҪûħ
䣡ֲħ־һħ۵ֱӡħӰϣħӰʵ˼֡
䡢䡢䡭ħͣʯ֮ϣ޾ħ־޾ħ⣬ϵû뵽ħӰ֮УħӰǧħ֮־һûħڰޱȣڷɨƬء
ںϣȺɫһħ֮ʱûħ־־ںϣûħ־Ӱħ½Ƭأһ߿ֲħǾħǧ겻ɢһһħ
Ⱥг貶Ŀķһħܿħ۵Ĳ壬ңӵħ۵Ŀֲ
һλǿŲһ̤ûһ˫ֱ֣ӳħȥ
ᣡȺһħ̽ȥȻڴ˿̣ǻûӡӲյУ漴Щӡ֮ɫħʴ
һҽ֮һ˿ħ屻ڰȡ£͸ޱȿµħϢħʴΪħ
ħȺͷ͵һһħ֮죬ħ֮һħ֮ӰϵĳȺȥȺ־ʴǶħΪħ
ˡҲȺҪ㣬˶ĺˣĤȻǾħ޿赲ֱӡǵԺУԵޱߣǿħ죬޿赲ʴħ
ħǿ֮ħѵħһҲҪ޲ɣоҵĲţħǧ겻ħᴩ壬ħɼ³̶ȣ־ħǿƣҪƻˡ
ԣһӦñħħ˷ӳ˹񰵲ûⶨȻħħµǿʢ˵һҲ˵ֻһ׾ħ
һ˱ħʴ˻һħ嶨һΪħ
ħ̫ǿʢˣֻһλĿ嶼֮ɫħⷭҪħʴ
ֻܷˣ͸һĨĵɫ΢΢һ̤ħǼԼҲҪһħʴΪħ
뿪֮ʱַͶȥһַֻۣϥŭħ죬Ҳ֪ûΪħ
֪ǣľħħ࣬ǣħ
ʱϥھħ۶ַ㣬˫ڵӵУƳ˾ˮ֮䣬ħ죬ħ۾ħࡢħͬ
һħһͬһ
ַ㱾޷ħŸյħвãûȥܹ˿ƿǿ֮һȻħµ־ټ϶ħֱӽڵħ˳ֹڽħ
Ĺغ࣬ħ֮УΨоħƣû뿪֮ˣȫħʴΪħڣȫҪħ⣬ַ㣬ϵħһħӰ󷽣һħ񣬿ֲħֱϢڷţҲҪ뵽ħ֮С
ħַĿⶸȻֲħ⣬ͬʱħ֮ͬʱ˵ͫ׵Уһ־ȪͬʱַϷħ̤һΣ䡢ؾ


1282 ħ
Ĺַħڣ֮Ȫ֣˿ǣһĨǳǳЦ⡣
ַ˫³ʱħվħ죬ڵͫױĿޱ顣
ΪãַǵһĨǳЦŨ漴ĿתЩŹħǿߣЩˣȫħأΪħ
£ַ³˵첻ϣΪ࣬еħȫϥء
𣡡ַɨȺһۣڵ֮ͫдһĨЦ⣬Ĺ֮ʱʹһħΪãͬʱЩħƵǿߣҲΪħ
ħң֮ж͸һĨ֮⡣
ַվ˫ħķŭϢ
۾ǿʢֻأֻǵӵеĿֲħûͽӵеĺԪˣǿĹܹӵеĺôħƵǿʢޱߡַͬʹôշ쾭ͷŻԶ˿ӵеĹħᲢۡ
շ쾭̫ڵ۾ǰɲΪȷҪҹǿĹžȡշ쾭ַѾоշ쾭ħĲ࣬ڽ޷ħĽŲΪ඼ħ
ַĿɨħ嫵ħ֮УһͼԼ·֮⣬ǾħһطѣϵıûЯȻҲп²һħۺػʵڶ౦ǵϣ뿪ǲɢħԼػʬϡ
ڴеһЩ·û̫ãΪ̸͸ˣ̵·ҪʣеİԶ
¡¡ʱħɽʯѣַͫһ̧ͷա
䣡ֲı֮ٶȹħϿգʱݰ㣬һơ
޷ħ֮ͣ׼ħ𣡡ַȻǸղ߳ħΪ׼ħϾǾħ۵С磬ħ̫ι̣м˸ҹС֮УԸ˵ˣָħҲκã˶Էǿʹѷ첻ӡ
¡Ŀֱֲַ̧֮һƣһʯ÷飬ħѾڿʼ̮
䣡һɿֲıըƺϿоǿԿֲѹ£һֻ֮һӰħ֮УȻû뿪Ƕġ
ַ˵һ˸ַԣַȴһЩħħ̮
ַĿתħ۵һƾħȵ
ַĻ£һħʱһ⣬ֱӳַ֮УⱾΪһƾħֻħ̫ǿһħܻΪΣ㱾ħɢӵпֲ
ˣھ½ʱһЩǧǰѾȥϹֻڴ½ĽŲ˲ӡǣĳЩʱ̱˶ѣͬǰħǧ겻ɢǿʢʶһ
¡ı֮һƹߴ䣬ħ֮Уħڳ׵ݣַѾܹϿյӰһȺǿߣ඼ǴħģǿӲĴϿһֱⲻ֪ħ
˻ǻˣȺַԼһȺħվڷ֮Уʱһ˴£ղžħ֮ʱۿΪħ׵ʧң˿ַ̼˳֣³һ
۾𣡡ַɨһۣĮӦԷ
ŵļһɱ˼ͽ߶ԣĿһô˵ɣõʲôʹΪͻƵءصǿ³һҪַڲľ档
ħ۵ĵ۱ҪĻãַħĿҰͬʱһ֮ӣаȻ
֪ļһˣұȡкⱬһƻһ磬£һֲĻɫ縡֣һĻУնһѸޱߡ
֮ͨн䣬ƿذ
ɱַһ³֮ħ죬˫ͫ׺ƻһޱȿµУԷ֮Уڡ䡢ɱһħֳֺڰŶԷԴѹȥһͫǿֲħҪֱĨս־
֮ˡնŭһնĻƬضնΪΣͷһĻֻоվǵ嶼Ҫն룬ߵĿֲһն֮£һɽ嶼иΪΡ
н֮ˣӵذǿ̶ȣȷԶǸղǱĨɱĵͽܹģɱ¡
ǣرնѿһֲϸ΢ѷ죬ۼԿȻȴû˺ַӰڷ֮նµһַ̣ƾ˸ǿµĹֻնǰͬʱصǿҲַǰ
ҵõȥ𣡡ַŲǰһ̤ħֲħ⣬Էֻоһͫޱ߿µħ־ʴ·۾ҪϹ㣬ȻסûбۣѪ֮ͫĿ£Ǳ۾ֻ·һ
䣡ַһ³Ųһ̤ѿһѷ죬˫ͫ׸ӵ죬һɿֲûԷĻ֮С
£ַŭһԷֻоǶҪѣϥ΢΢Ҫڵϰ㡣
һصǿߣһ֮ˣȻ¹
򣡡ַٶŭȣֲħ־ͬʱţ񹥻Է־ԷĵҪǿ־
͵Ĳصǿ߼޷ѳԼ˿̵ûһս֮⣬˶ݵľ룬ַħ־ǿʢ֮ͬʱͷţصǿߣɵֿסսɥ
ɣַ³һûмͶԷ棬˫ħ֮ӵеħ֮ǿ󣬵ɻ޷ȫһ֮ˣֻöԷڱıԵ
ַƺнߵԴϣȺֻоһʧ֮ˣĨɱһصǿߣˣÿֲ
˻ľһַ㣬Ϊܹɱ̤ʮС磬ˣַս֪ǿа뵽ֻʱַаħǿʢݣܿµʣûи˱ַ㣬Ͼַӵȫͬʡ
ַҲħûħַͫģǽˣȴӵпֲԼħ


1283 ħ
ͬ䣬ྐྵȻ˵Ĵ󣡡ֲʵĸоǰǰħӰû뵽ˣȻ̶ֲֳȣһصĿֲǿ¹붼
֮ǰΪַ㲻ǿʢһЩѣ֮һôֲĺ蹵ַһǱܹǲֱӹڵأղţص˶Щȥַǹ־̫Եˡ
ʱַܵħζ˸һĻ˵һô£ЩħǱħ֮ħʴô˿ְ̾Ȼ
ַǰȻħͫɨȺ漴Ҳ˸һԣĿĮû˵һ仰ղţѾԼж֤ʸվ˭Ҫһԡ
ص˱Ĩɱѱ֤ɱ֮ˣҪַ㣬ûǿʢʵǵõЩ
Ⱥûٿַ㣬ַԼղǿĨɱ֮ˣѾΪԼˣû˻Ը׵һλǱֲޣδһֲħ
ߣصĳƺţǱңûַ֪ʵݣֲħħľǿߣֻһЩֲǿߵĺӵܡ
ƿħħ֮Ƿʲôʱ˿˵ǴϿսعħ̮Ĵѻŷ棬񣬸ɴһݣȫƿһжΪûر֡
ԣƿħžħ۵ħħ֮ʲôûСһ˸˵ͬղ˵Ļ漴˶׷׵ͷͬ뷨
ĳ̾ϢЩֲǿһޱȰԵҲҪֱڵذɶҪڳǿƣǿ磬߸ǰ֪ɽ۹ҲǿΪ𣬵˵ĳ㡣
ַղű֮Դûж˵ʲôֱӿ˵е۱Уãɱ㣬Ȼͱˣ˵ٶ඼ͽֻܱͣ裬ĨɱͬղҪħһ
ҲӦúַĪϧԼһȥģемֺڣ߳ȥˣһֹ⾰ټַĪϧǱ֪ˡ
һְɣʱһλǿ߿˵漴һĿֲϢţȺһڿնĿ¿շ
ҵĺ˵֣λͬʱ֣
ǿкһ̫أΧȫĻ棬˿ǻķ
֣ͻȻ䣬ǿߺһһֱ̫ӳ¿Ͷȥ̼䣬һֲϢȫţ¿յħ
ֲ͡ջֱӽһƬ޴ĿռΪޣ̮ĳ˲Ϣҷ漴¡¡Ŀֲ첻ϣĻϢŰţ˵Ĺȫ۵¿գγһɻķ籩һУԼ
籩ƽϢ¿գһޱ߾޴ӣЩȫʧˡ
жȺɫһǿʢĹһУֻҪ֮һǱ
˿̣ǿյľ޴֮Уһﰲһ㳾һ֧ڰ֮ǲϸĻǻᱻ˺Ե
䣡һɿµȻŶǺڰ֮ʱڿն𣬳˷ȥֱӿʼᡣ
ʱղǿֲǿһһ̤˲Ϣ赲˵ǰֱ֣̽Ǻڰ֮ץȥֲĻӡ֣˲ϢҪڰ֮ڻС
ͣһƿ˺һУ˲Ϣںڰ֮ϣǺڰߣʱֲĻӡֱա
󵨣ĺһŲһ̤죬ƬնҪȼӳŸղų֮ɨһۣޱȡ
һɫ΢Щ԰ףаϲĻ쵰ǿʢʵвҶ֡
ҲûʱˣǺڰ̤ȥ޴ӡգȥ
ֻһԵĹ֮һֲĴӡ͸գǾ޴Ļӡײһ𣬺¡¡Ŀֲ֮ԵǺڰ÷Զ
ͣڰֱӱò˾޿Χĵ֮ϣȺɫ΢΢һַֻŲǰ̤ڰĽ¡
ҿ˭ҶһԵȻǸղһƽǿߣͬһλĿֲ
һӰΪ֮˸ᣬۣ˫Ӽ죬ܹ͸һУ˲ӡ
ħ۵ĺڰĿⶢַµĺڰ૵һ
ˣһӰǺڰȥȻȴȻķֻһ˶֣ƺͣ׼ˡ
ڤ粻飬ǿ͵һʱճһֲ·ֱӳĨȥһҽд屻ֱ˺ѣ
ʥƹͨһղǿ߻ּʹöıʥƹǿʢ˲䷢ɱ˶
ҶڰܸȤŲ΢΢̤Ǻڰȥбøİ
˾ռǿߣ˾ռߣȻǸӵǿƣʵֲ
꣬ʮ֮һӵʵ˾
ַ㿴˾һۣ漴ͷǺڰ֮ħⷭʱǺڰﾹ΢΢һħ֣ƺڻһƮַУȻǣħ
ħһǾħʹõħַе׵ۺ;ħԻþĳΪ죬Ϊˣζǿ֮һľħΨоħƿ
ַ΢΢£˵ɫһ˾˫֮ҲһĨİԵ֮ɫһԣ
ַͣ£漴ٶȻĳǺڰħȥ֮֮С
һɶħ֮ϴַ㽫֮Ȼ䣬һɱϢַϣ˾ȻûϵԷã


1284 ͫ
˾ռ֮Ⱥе⣬˿˶¶һĨɫ˾ռֻ˾һڴˣַȡħǲᾪȣϾԴ˵ΪӦòʮһսˣȻ˾⣬˾ռǿ߾ţ˾ռ壬
ֻʱַ㻺̧ͷĿ⳯˾ȥһڰħֱȺɫһַͣ㲻ˣһֱսˡ
ħ֮Уֻ֧ħо͸ˣ³ȥĵħõĶֻһ֧ô
˾䣬ַ˫ӣıͫףƺתһֵĿֲ·ޱȡ
ʣ˾ռҵۣ֮Ⱥɫһ˾ռ壬ϵѪ֮Ϊһ˫۾Ȼӵˣ˵˾֮⣬˾ռ岻ˣ˾һλңųӵк˾һ۾
һͫǳǿӵпֲͨ˾ռΪӵԸΪУͫһֲֿͨ˷ʤ
Ⱥ˾ʹۣ֮ʱȺоЩڴصߣƺ޳ħͫɣȻ˫ħͫһܹͫӰ쵽һλصǿߣɼǼģ֪ǷǴ½µħͫеһ֡
ھ½һЩͫǼµģӡֻ֮֮֮ͫۡ
ַֻо۾һͫƱ˺˰㣬ҪݶԷ˫֮ͫС
һַ˫ͫ׻ڰ֮ɫޱߣµħ־˫֮ͫţħۡ
ѣַԺк˾˾ˣƴһƬص֮УһħͫɱǶǿµħ־Ҫ˾͸ȻԷѿħ־ûһħ˺ѣ˫ԽԽ
ɱַһһ쳹˾֮У֮䣬Ʊħʴħɱ¾ȥ޷ֵ
ڴ˿̣ת֮һֲ֮⣬նҪֹͣ£ʱƱûһħʱУƶţͬʱֲ˺˺һУǿʢħ־˺ѵ
֮۵𣡡ַа˫ͫײӵпֲ˺ңܹһж͸㣬˫۾ʱ䶼ŻⲢʱֻΪֶΣ͸ޣһУ˵Ĵʱ䶼
ֲܿͫս֮ʱԷνռȻܹ͸Ĺ֮ͨͫ漴ѡ
˵˾ƿصİǷѰԼ壬Ҳ֮۴Ļ꣬һӵǿ֮֮꣬·꣬Ӱ޵
ַһֱڲ²⣬Լ֪νʡһжºصѲϵ
ȤʱһЦֱ˾ַԺ֮УǺƿ˵˫۾ԣӦǵ˫˫Ĵ۾ÿһ䣬Ƭգ˫ռݡ
ûۣ֮已˾һ漴Ŀ⽥ͬʱַħҲɢ˫ɱ䡣
ǵ࣬гһӰȻҲʮ֮һеĻ칬已
ûۣ֮Ҳǻ֮еһôַ已ͬͫʮȻСЩѾ𣬶ԽսˣԤߵĻʥ䣬¶ʮƫˡ
û뵽Ȼ˾Ծͫ已ַһۣЦ
Ҳ𣡡˾ӳ已ȥ˵ײ֮оһţ˾̾һ֮䣬ѾһζԾ
ħ֮зݣ˾ܶᣬΪβɣ已ȻһЦħ֮ֻһ֧ħ˭Сǻأ
ȻڴʱһЦȺֻһϮӰƮĿⶼ΢Щͣǳȹ趯Ӱ¶֮ɫŮˣ˫۾ÿһ˸оڿԼɵҪݽȥȹ¡
칬ᣬԽԽȤˣ˴һĨ֮ѳе˵أȻλ已ɶǿӲĺ̨ƺΨأ֪Ĺ
ϲɣλܽˣ˶мдǳЦҪȻħͬȤ
ӣκħҵҲܴ󡣡已ƮԲԸã˫ȻӰ֮ˣϾóǻǿʢԻˣױ
Ը⵱˾ŮˣҵǲԸ⽫͸ӣ˾죬ǳЦ˵칬ʥŮ˾ռңһǼǳȤ֮£޶ͬΪ֣֮ң᱾ҲǾ޾ӵ֮ˡ
˾ү˾ռδֻ¸ʲϡǳЦžܾˣƺ̸ֻЦȻ֮ȴԣϷħۺڰڱصãټħЩ˺䵽˼ֻһ֧˭뿴Ǻ
˾˸ɨӶˣȻˣǱ㶨ԼΣ
Լ已ЦʵĿҲ˾
һ֣˭ɱ˭˾ַָָ㣬Į˵ᣬ˾УȻֻˣַ㣬ͫΪͫһʵҲǿ


1285 ս
˭ɱַ㣬ħ˭˾ȻѾַ㵱ˣûʵǿӲıӰȴҶᱦԼСУһûмǿ߸ţһҪᱦͱȻΧ
˾ɲΪƾʮͷЩΧǿߣЩ˿ɲƲ磬ڣǿӲЩ˱Ҿɱ
已ᱦȻҲΪǶʮǱҲվˣ칬ɹǿߡ
ڣַȴһˣһ䣬ʲô
ͬ⣡已ȻһЦҲ򵥵ķˣһ˭ɱַ㣬˭ħ
Ȼλͬ⣬Ҳֻܴˡ˵ţַ¶һ˿ǳǳȻЦݣЦ֮кһĨǸ⣬ַ㲻Ҫ
ţڴʱַȻһȻͷųħ⣬ֲħ֮־͸һУһЦѾǳˡ
ˣձãַоԼƺһƬռ֮Уһ˫Ӵ͸ʱַֻоԼ屻̼ϣҪ׸漴һƽâɱ¾ֱַʺ˿̵ִַԼҪˡ
ǻû֮𣡡ַĿⶸȻøƳһħ񣬻ڣ˫ӣɨգǴɱɱ¾âʱƾʧ·Ͳڰ㡣
ͣһ˫ƴ͸˻þַǰһ˫ֲַǰ߸ϣַ㣬һֲֿĹĻת
ַֻоԼǰնŤҪ˺ѵۣ֮ӵпֲѿþ֮УҪ˺Ĩɱ
ǻͫĽս˿˷ֱλĴλǵ嶼ûжǵ˫һǿޱȣ已һ˫ͫ׳Ļ֮⣬ֻһ۷·Ҫ뵽ǻþ֮УǳЦȻ޾һ۱·޷԰Ρ
˾͸ſֲ˺֮һֵİݽȥǰĿռ䶼ŤĿ£ַӣڱ䣬ֲħ־˸оľ
ˣǵһ˫ͫףء
ɱ˾ŭһֲ֮۽ɱգɱַ㡣
ħʹûЦַͻأ³һ֮ħֲħ־һС
񣡡ַһһɿֲ֮ԡϣһΣˣԼѣȴһУ޻á
ˣþ已ɫʱһħۣƻû֮۵Ļû֮
һˣϵЦŨһˣַ㣬ʮĶ֣ƺԽԽˣȻܽ޼ʣֻЩߵűǿģǸĵ͵Ϊ֪
ǰ֮ˣħͫԿƺص˻ңĿֲ־ʩչܹ֮ͨԻ˵ġ
䣡ַŲһ̤ղȺַֻ峯ǰ˫ͬʱɱʱ֮Уֲħӡѹշ¡¡Ĳ֮ͬʱ已ַ㱾ˣֱӳ˾̤ȥ
Ҫʲô˵һַƿþ漴ͬʱ已ᣬԼ˾ȥʮ֮еλǿƹ
˾һŲͬʱտ죬˺գҪַ
ַħɶ˾һͫģһУ˾ֻоֲľ֮ȪϮȾһħ⡣
ɱַŭȣ֮У˫ħۣ˾ʹֲת·۾ҪϹħ۴Ϲ
գ˾ϣŭһ˲ϢַǰһƺɱֲҪÿռ䶼ѽ⿪Ҫַķѡ
ַһֲ֮ԡϣħ⽻֯һΣԼԼ廯ʯ᲻ɴݣԼˣס
ֲķѰַϣ޷ҡַһ֮ħ
𣡡ַͬһƺɱȻ˾Ŀֲѿ֮ƣһƺħ죬ħͬʱħ֮Уֲ̺Ŀռ˺У֮˾塣
˫ײһ˲䣬ֲ֮Ϯϣ˾嶼ô߽⣬ͬʱֲĿռħϮϣҪ˾ֱ߽⡣
¡ֲײ֮һµ쫷磬˵ַֻֿоֱһѪ˾Ľ֮ķѰ幥ңصķѰַԼƲ㱻˺ѡ
Ȼ˾ַù˿һֱۺƶѣ͸ǿҵľʹʹɫ΢Щ԰ףѿǣʱַ㣬ֱ۲ûб˺ѷֽǰȻֻ˼Ѫѡ
һ˾ˣȺɫһַǿƹͬʱ˳֣ͬһƺ˾ײȻռϷ磬ңͫս֮Уַͬʤһ˾˫ˡ
已ûгûַ֣ʵַȻܹһƺ˾μѾ֤ԼǿǼ֣ڶʱҲնַ㡣
ʮ֮һ˾ʵ治ôַǳЦ˵˾оϻģǰз̹ʥû뵽ȻҲһ֮гԱԷʹ
䣡˾󣬿ֱֲȴ˾ȵס֣
£˾Ų΢΢һ̤ڿգĵ˭׼֣


1286 ǷҪ
˾ŭˣȺаһʮ֮һ˾ռ崫ˣ䣬ȴ֮˵ս֮гԿ˾ʮ֮ǲ
已ֶûгֵ˼ʵϸղַ㳯ƵʱǽһƱûмַ㹥ǿַ˾սҪһַʵΣһ֣ǿҲ
˾Ҫսַ㣬Ȼȥ棬ӵħ֮ˣսжǿʢ
ǳЦɣһЦǣȻģͬûгֵ˼
ҵҪ㵽жǿ˾Ŀַ㣬˫֮˸Ŀ֮âЩˣҪַ嶼ֽ˫֮Уղŵһײ˲Ϣ֮䣬֤˾ַ㣬ǣȴַܹ֤սǿ˾ҲҴ⣬֮ͫ
ῴģַһ³漴ƿգ
ȥ˾̤ϣֱ֮ϣƮƮδ֣ȴһɿֲϢ֮ǿʢޱߡ
򣡡˾䣬һ̣˫ֲŤգһƬռ任Ī⣬Ҫݽ˫֮С
֮Ⱥմңɫһ˾ֱ֮սȻַ㲻Сս졣
ַɫɨһۣƬռңһֹĻת㣬΢΢̧ƣǴҵ֮У̧ƵٶȺƶ
򡢿壬ǿʢֶΣַ̾һ֮Ԥ߶˾Ԥǣʣλ֮ʣɳλʣ
ң˾õһ֧ʸԤߵԤԱԶ϶˾ʮ֮УӦǰеģӵгλʵʣ򵥡
˾õԤԣ൱已ǿԤ߶已ԤҪǿĻܳλʡ
ַƶϣʮǰеӦǿڤС˾裬ȻħȻҲֻǱԤΪλʣΪħĸ̫ĿһУħսӹɵģϾǰ˻ٶȵһһ
Ȼһ᲻Сĳɾ;֮
ɱ˾һ磬ֱַȥѰҪѿ
ַŭȣħռͬʱ͵ĳһħĴ˾ɱȥؿֹ
ͣ˾ȻųâҵĿռʹħûֲĹ켣Ʊ˫
գ˾ӡħ֮ϣʱֲħϢ꣬ħ˺ѽգ˾ַɱֲķѹӵĿ£ַ֮кƱȹ죬壬ռң
𣡡һħ񷣬ռ𵴲ݣȻɴ֮УʹַÿһƱû
ַħͬӵԼ򣬲ȴʹãⱩ¶ԼݣϾħںѩԼʥս֮ʱֱѾùˡ
˾ַŭһʱ˾ĳȥ漴˾һ˫ޱߵĺڰ֮ͫ
ɱַ³һֲ֣ħ֮зͷţҪ˾ʹᱻͫȴ˲Ϣ֮¡
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㿴ۣ֮˾ϣ漴һӵľңһɺ嫿µѪͬʱ˾ںһֲֿĹĻŶһ˫貶Ŀ
˫ֱ֣֮У쵽˼¡
һ˫ޱȾ޴ͫףһֵƳ˫֮ͫУһַоռĴҸиӵĿֲǿˣ͸һɿµķֱͨϣҪֱ˺ѵ
ۣ֮꣡ȺɫһÿֲƬҵĿռ伸ҪһС
ŵս治ַеһ漴˫ħ֮ͫ¶һĨЦ⣬һʱħ֡
ȥɣַ㽫ħֱӳ¿ȥ˾ӶȻһһֱӷŹַ㣬¿յħ
ˣӿַ廯һ쫷磬תۼʧͬʱ¿ǿͬʱħȥ¡¡Ŀֲ֮ϣ˾ռ塢칬Լɹǿ߶ˣֲײضҪѵǿΪ޷ֲĹನֱ˸뿪
·ҲԶԶĶַܿʧӰоһĨȻʧ֮⣬ħޣ˳Ϊߣ̵̫ӡ󣬵߸ļ⡣
ֻǿϧħվǱ˶ˣַܹ˾ҲħԷݣ̫ǿʢˡ
˿ƬشѣѪзսĲңЩǿʢˣᱦʱ˭ˣֺ֮˰㣬̸ܹЦˣһнΪΪ䡣
սңգħվ˾ϣֻɨһ已ĮĵλΪ֧ħҪսװɣ
已ῴһǰǿߣһϢϻŲٵʬ壬ⶼǸղ˲Ϣ֮Ŀֲսɵģ˾ߵǿߣǿʢ˿Ҳù˲ˡ
Ȼ˾үϲ˱㲻ˣǳЦ˵֧ħûппֲǷдòȻѾ˾Уȥƴ
已һۣ漴ҲЦǱø˾
˾͸һĨЦãǿЦ
ұ㲻ˣ˾һЦħȻȴڴ˿̣Զ֮УݺᣬХһĨĨ貵ĽâޱȶĿ
ˣ˾ü已Ҳ¶ȤɫҲˣ
ǿֲĽХ֮죬ֻ̼䣬һȺǿ߽٣죬Ϊ֮ˣһϮɫۣȻַ㡣
֮Ӱ׼뿪Ŀ΢΢һͣŲͣǡַ㣡
ַ㣡ǴһĨǳǳЦݣһ
ӱַϴһĨЦݣ͸ղŵѾȻͬ
˺ܺãֻЩֹӣЦ˵һĨ֮Ҫ˷
ǸˮַаЦŨܱַܳ
˵գַĿ⻺ת˾ϣϵЦŨȻѡ
˾үղõĶұȽϸȤԡɣַһĮ³նȻ£ԶȺɫøӵȤ


1287 ַս˾
ǰһĻƣ˾߽ħڵʱ£˾սһվǽħӳ
գ˾ڴս֮õħȺΪħѶʱַ㣬Žǿߣ
ַ߿ɲһվŽǿߣЩǽľӢޣˣ㲻۽ַֻ㱾һ콣˼ɵǰƬС磬ַ콣һͼɱҵƣգǿߡ
˵ʲ̤ѩ¹ַΪĵһԿ˻ľκһۣǿ
ͬ˿һվڸߴַ㸩·˾ħ˾ռԣһӺ裬˾õĶ
ȻʹеһնʥͰ䣬ɱ񣬸߸ϣ˾˿һϮ۵꣬а̾һַʵ̫˼˶ֻǵһμֵַһ˲䣬Ǳ²⵽ߺˡ
已ҲµĿеİַ꣬͸ղŵ̨߲ͬʵӣ콣֮ˣȺַĿ⣬ȻӸղŵħ֮һ
˾̧ͷ˫ַ㣬Įĵַ㣬ħѾУóЩЦ𣡡
Χַһ³ʱХǿߣϽ˾ռǿΧȺһַ㣬Ǳȸղ˾ԴʱԵ
ַ֪͸ղŵߣһˣղ֪ȫˣ˽ħЩ˺úսһȻ˾ħѾˣ³ĵˣַܿˣǿƵ̬ع飬˾ղζԸģôԷ
λ̣ħ˾үӱ˰ɣȻˣͲ˵ʲô˱㲻óķϻˣ˾ү˵ģȻ˾үҪ
ַɫƽƺûаĿ֮⣬Ȼÿһ仰ȴָȫͬĸо
ԣֻʮϢʱ䣡ַϵЦŨǿƵĻ˵Ȼһַ㣬ݣֻ˾ʮϢʱ䣡
˾ħΣ
ҲЩǿߣֻ콣±Ѫɺӣ
ַҪô˾˫͸һĨ⣬ֶ֣Եø١
аϢʱ䣡еַɫƽĮĻȴ˶оǹ
ֻ֣ӵ콣Ȼ˾ٵ
ϢǼ򵥵֣ȴȺľַǲ³ܹıƬյգʹһεѹ֮ѹ֮˾ռȺϣҲ˵ͷ
ַǣǵùԹˣƣַƿǹƣΪ˵һ
Ժӻǻڰ˻ľĻⲻҪ򽻵ģ˾ٶȿڵ
ʣϢûлӦ˾Ļַ㻰µһ̣εѹ֮Ƹǿ˼֣ͬʱǿϣһƿֲĽںХǹѹ֮ƣǿҡ
˾ַûжҡ˫֮¶һĨЦ⣬ڵȻϲħΣ
һϢַµͬʱһƿ֮˾ħħƻһֲַХ
ַл˾үȫˣַ赭дһεѹħεĿס漴һۣ¶һĨЦ⣬ħֵĶ³ȥˣվҪģ
˾򵥣ַаһ˾ûиղ֮ʱǹʢˣҲûѿɫ㽫ħȥɺƽΪ֪ķ򣬶Դʲôˣʲôֶ̬ȣڸղŵħ꣬ƿžԵƣȻޱȰԵΪ𣬵ַ㣬еƣԣûǹƽԴ㱻裬ôĵȻ
ֽ˫ڣնʥһֱҪַ̣֪ǷԸָ̼У˾ͷеַ㣬ڣħ֮ҪַУַûʹ콣ˣǵĺС
㣡ַЦ£ʱȺ¶һĨȤɫûжʲôܹЩһ棬ͬ˷֮¡
лֳȫ˾Ųһ̤ҡϣǿʢϢХַɱһȫˣٶȻһֵĹĻնҪŤֱĳַ۾ȥ
ַ¶һĨǳЦ漴΢΢ϣһӶƬգ۾ɻᱻ˫Ӱ졣
򣡡˾һ֣֮Ťա
ɱ˾ݺύʱ֮кƳ˼ĿĹҪŤĿռַ塣
ַ㿴δֱ̧һӳ¡¡ĿֲĿĽâĨһй
ȻǿĽȺ΢ַӽޱȣÿһҪضֲֿâ󣬾Ͷ֮ȿֲ
䣡˾Ųһ̤ձѣһȭȻɱһȭƺҪز񷶼ƿƬգͬˮͰĿֲȭâռݣ֮շ¡¡죬Ʊ˰㣬ȭӰ֮ϣŤĹ󣬿쵽ޱ޼ʡ
幥ͨں˿֮ԼѰ壬һȭͷ޿赲
ƣַһնɱɲǻߣնƿȭ
˾³һ֣ŤĿռַѸޱȵĽâѹ˽â֮ϣͬʱ˾ȭȴԽԽ죬ַĽâֱӴ͸
þĹ˾̾һַĿֲâ˾ޣ漴ȭâ𣬶˾ǿ쵽µȭͷˣַԴ
ħ򣡡ַһ³ȻֲĽâĿ⵱бҪϹ˾ͬʱӿĿֲħڲݣͬʱһɽ֮˾ϣõȭͷ΢΢һ͡
䣡ַǰ̤һħ죬ŰգâƬնҪûһɿֲѹȶϣʹ˾ɫһ䣬۶ɵǿ֮ƣһ˲䱻ת޾Ҫ
նַһ³ޱߣ޷赲ǰ˾˺Ѷȥ

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ŭնһѷ죬ǰȭײһնըѿֲϢ˾ˣǧסΣȭеѪ


1288 ĵϢ
ħ죬գ˾ְˣȺɫӲַ̨㣬ȷʵ£ƻֲ֮նգͬʱַ㻹ƿſµħӵħ֮
˾ʵѾǿˣ򣬷Ѱ塢壬õޱȿ£ң˾ûʹó򽫸ǿʢղţַûǿħ֮Լħ¶תơ
գѾ˾ڶγ԰ܼˣһǺߵһײúˣһΣֱַȭͷѪƺѾˣ˾ǿʢѪڻָ
βͬǣ˾˼ɣַ㣬ȴò˼˾еûпƣֻ˫¶ǳЦַʵȻǷںʥܵĲԩյΪֹˣ
£˾ת뿪ûаҲκεǷ֮
ڻ֮Լ֣һսģһַ˾һɫ΢΢ͷʣһĨ֣˾֮УһĿ֮ʣҪƿ
ַ㿴˾ıӰ֮ȴδ̫ĵ֮ɫĿ˾һޱȣʥս֮ʱΪأ˾ǿвǿֲķѰԼ壬ֲܿң⻹˾о˾еƣϾֻдѣս
ڻ֮Լôַڻڻ֮Լǰ˻һԼΪܹ˻ڻʡ
已Ŀַһۣ漴һȻȥ֮ǳַ֮ʱ˲û̫⣬ע⵽ַ㣬ǴԤ߿ҪַΪӵһ̣֮ǳַ֮㿪֮·ǸӣԶĺãӵ콣նʥҲնˡ
ֹӵĳɳ˾ַ̾ȻһЦƮȻɵӣȴֳ̬βΪ֮
ӹˡַЦŻӦ
΢΢ҡͷң˾ֹ̽ӣȴ׳ˣֹӣʮ֮УҲܹˣ
᲻εĽħַ֮̽µȻ˵һ㲻Ϊ˽⣬ַоŮ˵ĴϻۣˣǱ̸ܶȻȴȻ˵һЦҪһƲߡ
Ǿޣַ̧㣬ԼҪƮƮȻˡַЦ˵
Цַ㣬漴˫һɫ˵ֹΪǾޣһˣ
ɬ¶һ޵ĺΣһĨַ㾹о֮У԰Ρ
칦ַ΢΢ҧһħ˸Լָ糣ĺ̾ŮӵȻ֮ǿһһЦܹݽȥͨˣ޷ֵ
ĪҪٶַʹȻ֮ˣַǴһĨЦʹȻֱ֮޿ײ롣
ֹ֪˲˵滰أẬЦ˵ַɫ鴤ЦһˣҪֹᷳˣǣ
˵գ᳤ȹƮ˸뿪ߣɹŮҲȥƮʤգЩŮȫһɫȹȶˣǿҵӾ
һ֪ѡСַڷ϶䣬Ե̫ϧˣ䲻Ůˡ
ַ˸˲ԶĵǰϴһĨ͵Цݡ
þò΢ЦкһеЦȴ͸һƿɬ֮⣬ټַ㣬һϡһ˵£̫ˣҲսѩȵ̨棬ַһ¶޷ܵס
þò촽ᶯЦſڣַɻǰһº׽ĸоȴղַվ˾İԵӰֻ˾ʮϢԷκλ˾Эһ̵ַ㣬̫ǿˡ
𣡡ַЦһ
¶һĨɫַ㣬漴΢Цŵ֪һλɱߵַ㻹ܼһǳ˵ģ
մʶһ˷ǡ׺ɣΪΣѣϾ׽ģ𣡡ַ΢΢ͷԶһ
ԱֳȻ̬ȴһǿߣ񵱳һ㣬̫˰ɣĵ͸һĨЦĪϧģ𣡡
ĪϧãѾǲ칬ٹˡģҲ֪ڻ𣡡ַ̾ϢһĲ֪ĵϢ
칬ٹɫһиζֻ칬ĸ֣ܹһɳֲĪϧΪٹȴЩͨߡ
ôˣ
һΣյĵط֪٣ұ㣬ɽ۹ûϢ
ַĻ˸£漴ַǰû˵ƼƺЩ֪᲻йأ
ģַȻһһ֮ɫĸо΢ʹҿַ۾
ַɫһ֪ԼƺЩڼˡ
Ƽңʲô
岻Ҳǲǰ飬˵ѩ¹ǿ߽٣˱û뵽˾һĻ뵽оһĶǣʡۣЩĴڡ
ҲѩˣҸȥɽ۹һˣַĿ˸΢Щ¶ϣйأô֪ĻúõĻţ


1289 ħ
ַ㣬ȥԼɣҲˣĶַ¶һ˿Цݣףַ㣬ͬһεַеĴǲʶһַ㲻ҲǺȻ֮¡
ַĿƿ͸ĵ˼ûж˵ʲôĵ£ɵ˻ľ̨ңߣͨݳǻʹϵҲУ
һ΢Цŵͷַʾ£漴תȥ
ȥɣַ㵭³һʱǿ߻һ˲Ϣ뿪ߣǶԣûʲô£ַ㲢ϲ˸š
Ų˸ߵӰһγˣңַǿ˸еķ
ַ֮ûñݶѡߣΪ˷㣬ַ̫ˣ˻ľ֪̫٣ҡ񱤵ĳԹЩǿҵɱĻԲģƣЩɥ
ħѾǰǲʲôˣħҲѾ֣ȵԺлоħʲô
ݺǧС磬Ȼַֻõһ֧ħֲ˶õһЩȴĬĬţûбֵĻǿûɵˡ
ɢַ³һʱЩַӰȫɢȥС˷ȥȻַʲô飬ֻҪһͷܽȫٻأЩħѾΪء
䣡һֲԶ漴ַһǱͶȥĿ⣬ֻԶһƬ֮ϣһɿֲڤƺҪƬնַоһɿֲĻħ
ˣŲһַ̤Ӱһ⳯Ƭռȥַ㣬˷֮ˣһ̶ܵǱߵĳħ𣬶ңħĿֲ֮⣬ڲϵıǿ
ȼˣַԶɫӲһƬգȼˣħĺڰ֮ɫ͸ſֲĺڰħƬգˣһֱϾ⣬Ʋ㶼Ⱦһƺڰ֮ɫ
ÿֲرˣ
˷֮ˣԺ֮ͬʱһضɫˣƬ񷶼Ⱦħĺڰ֮ɫ
ƬСһγ˿ֲӹɣпֲıﱻˡ
֮УȻ⣬쵽˼ĵزȫǱߣַֻоһӰХն¡¡ĿֲƬռǿ̫ˡ
֪ǺﱻˣȻ˿ֲ󡣡ַٶٶȼӿ죬һڰħӰ㴩գڣƬռԶΧ֮ʱʱ΢΢¡
ħ棡ַ㶢Զ·Ŀռ䣬Բʮ֮أΪޣħ죬նȼճΪħĺڰ֮ɫǹɳ֮⻹һɿֲı֮ǹħϢ˸о¡
һƬҶ͸ſֲĺڰ֮ɫȻǻҶŶ仨꣬ޱȾ޴󣬷·ոʢ̺Ļû֪жôĿֲħ档
߸źԶľ뿴ǾҶħ棬в˿µĻ棬ǶоֻҪǾҶرΪޣΪҽûܹܵħĿֲ
ʱ˶ţνֲħˡ
ͼ׻ڵĻϣħˣʱ֮һһλɫѿ˵ӹţûɱַ㣬ʹͼ׶ٵˣǿһ˵ˣ㲻Ҳһ
ַ㣡ЩȺһӱ䣬ͼڣǶᱦ᷽㲻֪٣˿޲ߡ
ַ㳯ҵȺһۣЩ˿²뵽Ǻ͸˵ˣǵǰԶ
ַܿ㽫Ŀƿɨգ漴һӰһͷޣǳɫë˿ȴȾһڣԴ϶гëյˣһĻַȻһϻ쵰ħ棬Ūİɣ
΢΢һַ㳯ķ˸ĲԶ˵αۣħ棬Ūģ
˺α۶ʱ˶һգַķ򣬾޴΢΢ſ¶ѩ׵
Сӣ㻻ݵǱȱۻҪڣҲ˵û뵽ַһﾹȻֻһ
ħô£ַúһ˵ϻֱʵ
ⲻʵķϻ𣬳˱ۣ˭ܽǼһħŪǼһ߰Դɨַһַֺۣ㿴ԴսëҪЦĳ嶯
ħ۵ħ棡ַе쵰ʵ⣬Ҳ߰ɣĻôٴμʱͽħ۵ħŪ˳
ϻ쵰Ͼڣӵ׵۳ƺţ潫ħŪ֣о޴ɡ
ҪôŪַ㶢ǾҶħ棬Ŀ˸
ղűˣˣ¶Ƶɫ
ˣַɫһѵ滹Լܲɣ
ţǾħƿعħ棬ħǾ֮еһڰΪħղЩŪ֣ϧֻһ㱻ˣ񣬼ﶼӽֱӱնΪҽҲûã̫֮޴ˣħͼ̵ܹģ
洫ַ˵͸ŷǳˬ֮⣬һ㣬ħ͵ˣòˣҵ̫ЦΪͼܹ߾ħ
ôֲַɫһͷ΢΢鴤ӽҪͼһ٣ǲܵõ
Ȼûϣ㻹ʲôַһ
һϣĿ͸һ˿ģһҪõ֣


1290 ׵۽
һϣַһ˿ֲĻ棬ѵϲĻ̤ܷɱľħвɡ
ַ㣬һΣͻȻº˼ַ֣ӶȻһ⣡
ʲô£ַ㾯˵
˾⣬ǲǻһ꣡޴˸ַ߿һۣ˫޴˿̶΢΢
ַͷ΢ϲģӵһ֮£ĸĸ˶֪˿ӹľħǲɢ⣬Ӧò֪ңҲûͷų쵰Ȼ֪
Ȼ˶һַɫӦǲ¶أѹˡ˾ħȥ֮ʱĻվħģ
ǿۣħƾʲôַ֮˵˿ԣħ˾ħվǰһ޷⣬ڴͬϵַ㡣
ַ㳯濴һۣǼһ۾ʱһݣϲթ
ʲôϵַûлӦĻʵ
Ȼйϵ㣬УûһƬأٴʵַͷ΢΢˲ϲĻ쵰ƺ֪Ҳ̫Щɣ֮УһƬߵĴء
ʲôϵַû棬쵰ڴʲô⣬Ȼ뵽Լˡ
쵰Ϊãڰ㽫ħŪ֣˾䣬úûش𱾵۵Ļǲǡ
ţַһͶȥһӵĿ⣬ǰϻ쵰˰λʣ͵ħ۵ǰЩҲˡ
˶һҪַһٵĳ嶯ַķӦֱܿˣҲ껹һƬأ
ˣȻͲ²һֱȷϾǿģΨ˽ַſƲҲǺַӴ˺ܾòֲ²⡣
ңڼϲĻ˳ûˣԤΪܹ֪ɲʲôƨԤԣΪַΪȫ˶Է֮УƾַһУԤܹƲⲢѡ
ԤԳɾͣŵģϾԤ֮ټּǿߵĶĿ⣬δĳɾԤԲѡ
ֻҪõħǾܽСȫϳѩ¹ңС磬ӴҲˣѩ¹˵㡣ִһַͷΪ⶯
Ƭַ̣£
õħ֮ҪӴС㣬ΡĿ˸ų֮⣬ַ¶˺ɵɫһħȤħǾ֮Ϊ׵ۣԻ棬ó
Ҫˣַʵ
֪ܷҵ˵õˣ㣡ˬ˵Ŀǰõģħ档
ģΪ㻤ܺ㲻ɣȱ˾ħСΧħ󣬴Ӵʲ˭ֲˡ׵ۼջ˵ַɫâ³һɽ
Ҫôַһ֪кãһƺǳע
㲻콣Ƚ˶ߣ
ַϲĻ쵰̴ãҪ콣λᣬַɲһΡ
ԼŰ죬ջظղŵĻַȻһôҪħַа취Ⱥģôܶ콣
һĨ֮ɫĪʹ콣ʲôƣ
ʵ̫ˣַӦһ̸ȥһᷴڣ
ݣԶ֣һ漴Ǿ޴ҡڵ뿪ߣΧǿֲľħ߶ַһ׼ҪħΧǹħˡ
ֻҪлһá
Ѫ겻Գɿռ𣬺βԣʱ֮һʼҵһλʼʵĴսʹҺʼìܼķĿ
ҵһλɫӥգɨʼһۣ⶯
Ų΢΢һ磬ڣֲХ֮һ̣ΪܣϼɣһƽɫĿռ˿ߴ嵱˳Ѫ꣬ռͼʥƣǿʢ
ҵĻͼף˵ǰҵʸƳġ
ȥ
һȣʱ޾Ŀռ˿߻貶ĿĽ˿¿ղƶȥͬʱƮҡӭռ֮ޱǿʢ
ǧ˿ƵĿռ˿߳¿նȥӰڿֲĺڰգ֮¿յľħ͸ȥ
ˣһƿֲĺڰħһƽɫ˿ߣֻ̼䣬ǧ˿ƵĿռ˿ȫħ棬ֱȥ
ռ֮ˣÿֲħ棬Ѫ꿿ᱻֱӷյȺ𺳣ֻԶǿֲĻ棬ֱնǸħǧ˿ƿռ˿ߣɫ԰ס
ʧˣ꣬Զˣ˶¿յĿֲҶħ棬ȥҪ
˿̣һ˵ĽŲ̤˳Ҫһԡ
ɽȺһɽ׻ʣǰ˻ľǿˣµ֪ܷԸħ档
ɽŲ̤֮ϣһʱֻ֮г־ſ̫ͼޱҫ۶Ŀ̫ͼת·ſ̫ҫƬأħĺڰ֮ɢЩ
ɽȻǿᣡȺаֻǾſ̫ԽԽޱȣܽеħϢ̫ͼ֮С
̣һſ̫Χתеħ֮Ļ棬Ǿ̫ԽԽĿҫۡ
ɣȺɫһֻǾ̫ͼŭϵĳ¿նȥûħ棬ҪǿֲľҶħҲ̵
̧ͷ˶ӿǾֻ棬¶һĨмɫݺ
̧Ų͵ĳŵһ̤ʱƴʲô㣬һƿֲ·Ǿħȥ̼䣬ħҶ΢ţ̼䣬Ҷ곯ɢŵޱ߾޴ħ滨꣬˷׷ܿˡ
ǾҶħ𻨰꣬ҪƬնûȻ̫ͼ;Ҷײ˲Ϣ̵ʲôʣ£ɫҰףӶ뿪ĻһҪɢľҶ̵
ÿֲȺɫһֻǾҶ̵ȫĻ֮ĳȥĻصصףŶĿĺڰħ⣡


1291 ڰ
ûãҶħ档Ⱥаɽǿ߶ʧˣŵľҶ˲Ϣû˾̫׾٣ǿߵľ̫ҶħȽϵʸûС
һħͼڣһԵĻᣡаһûлܵõҶħ档
ƬΣʱһλĿɨˣ͸һĨ֮ɫ
һƬأݣ
ҶħһֲֿҲѾǣǿģֻһ棬ħ棬ڵصףһ£ڣǿħ棬һħı塣
ΧְɣƬƿ
½ڣ˾֮µˣûʲôʸ
ȫˣ׷׺ȵʱȺ׷׳Զַܿ΢΢һͣЩһﾹȻҪƿƬأ֪Ǽһļƻܲʵ֡
ܿ죬Ⱥ˵ԶַĿ⿴õĺڰе棬Ҫô
ߣڿգԶȥʱַҲͬ뿪Ƭأһξļ
֣Щվ֮ϣĮĺһ漴һӰնһֲĿռµĿռһ֮УгԶƬħбֱû뵽ħ֮Уնѡ
ƣһǿ߻֣ӵֲ쫷˺Ŵأħͷŵĺڰħÿҵķ裬˺ѳһֲѷ졣
ͬʱ⼸λҲ׷׳ˣֲĹôطıѣħ֮µƬأƺҪͿյ׵˺ȥ
𣡡һŭ֮ХƬѿĴ·ȥµûһУ޿ײ룬ʱƬغƯ䣬Ƭ
ȺĿⶸȻһͷųһ֮âֻƯϣоһڰҶǶҶȻϿգһޱ߾޴ľҶʢҶأֲħ
СľҶħ汾壬õڵõħ档
Щʵÿֲ𺳣˺ƿ֮ˮʹħƯħ汾ǵǰ
ĿֲħͷųµĺڰϳƬնȾ˺ڰ֮ɫȴ޷ЩǿĿе̰
䣡һֲ֮УЩǿҪ¿նȡħ
֪濴Щ˵ĶЦһ
üλǿͬʱˣֻһŭ󶯵ûжħѾʼ໥սˡ
Ҳµ֮ˮֵõħ𣡡һ漴Ⱥֻħ¿յУһӰ˳һֱֻӳħ̽Ƭأժȡħ塣
һޱʹ֮漴ȺۿĴ屻ڰħûֻ˲䣬˻Ϊ˻ҽ漴ûƬ֮С
ܶȺһ漴ǾħеħûһУһֲĻֳ֮Ű˷ժȥ󶼱ɣռҲҪȼڰ֮ɫ
ߣЩɫ԰ףħ棬˱˸뿪ңǹɿһڲӣҪ˶û
ţȺһħ棬漴ʼӶ뿪ҿ
ȥַ㴫˵ַһ漴ǹħ֮ȥһƿֲħ潵ϣַȻķ֣Щħûзƶѡ
ǼһɵģַĿһħǼһɵģҪ˶뿪Ȼһǿ߱˲ûûͣ׷Զ
˷ˣ˿ַ㾹Ȼħȥɵɫ̣һǷˣȻȥ
ڰħ֮ܿ콫Բʮ֮ȫûڰ֮գ˶ʧˣӵԶȥˣַ㣬ȴǾħ¿ա
ַ㣬Ҳҡڵ˹ʣǶˡ
ΧԶȺһӶݵԶĺڰ֮ûһУɵøоϧôֲħ棬ǵòЩв̾Ϣ
Ȼ
˿һһڰħ֮УڿѾû˰ɡ
˿̣Ǻڰռ֮У滺ַߣڵͷ꣬Ϊοһ
ַ㰵һҪԼֱ˵˵ΪԼοһ
ַĻһ֮УĿѤ֮ҡϣһ貵ĹĻӲ
ַ꣬ڶ꣬Ȼӣ½жҪʲôӣڿˡ
꣬ǴӳУڱ֮ʱֵģַһ
ַе꣬ȷԽʱӵеģңտʼֻӵһźӰܹڰеһ·𶼵õӾԡ
֮ѵʱˣһδƺһܹͫһС
տʼ֮ʱһźӰܹڰ֮УĸΧеһУ֮󣬵ַ꣡Ӧһ
ԣ˶ȻһǺڰڰԣѹһħ֮ǰںڰǹ
ڰɫĽڰĻƬڰءַĿⶸȻһûȻˣ귭ҳһΣһ˫ڰ֮ͫޱȣĿ⻪ڶΣڰ֮Σڰڤ𣻵ĴΣݼŻߵĺڰأ
ڰԣַȻһ棬һһ֪ʲô


1292 
αۣҵʺ꣬ô£ַ㶢һԤһһ֪Ԥ߲û˵ʣ꣬Ϊλ˵ء
ʲôô£ǿѵʺ꣬ǲɷָģ˵ʣҲ˵ʾ꣡浭Ƴַһַۣ΢˵ûҲˣνʣнܵĹϵͬ˾ųӵʡ
ˣøˣַ㻹ʲôȴת΢΢ͷգַаϻ쵰תƻ⡣
ַ㣬꣬Բǰ¶ĻСĲ֪ԼôģսЩҪÿս֮ʱǿһʹãְͬʱͷټϽ衢ħ֮㲻ÿһЩʶ֮Ҳܲ²⵽һЩ
̧ͷգȴַһˣαװݲԺַڵ㣬ˣҪ˷ˣȻҪȫҲܣҲ͸¶һЩ츳ȥ磬ʮ
ʮַ૵ֻ΢΢ͷʮŽ伫Ѵﵽ½һЩŻżģϾ˻ľ̫Сˣʶޣʲô壬ҲܳΪô̫ˡ
ַһԣ壬̫ʣ
С쵰ţܳΪ۵ˣԸӵ֮ˣҶǷǳǿʢʣܳɻʵǿߣҲ඼ӵʣʮ;ŽǶʡ׵ۻ˵ַ΢΢鴤˼ǣҵʱʮҪֲڲ֪
ΪԼһѩ¹֮߳ȥƾʲôܹԽսʤ˻ľ㻹̫ˣǿ׵ıҲԽ࣬ۻ㴳½ģĻַƣ̫ˣÿεǿ࣬ҪͷȣȻⲻǰеĶ𣬱޲Լ·
۷֣ҵĻǷǳѡ񣡡ַӵĻһΪ޸֮ͨһãҲ֪Ҳַ㣬͸ױ¶ˣ˻ľЩǵطۼ˾ͶˣϾţһϡ
ϻǰܹҵַͬʱεȿֲʱȫԱ޽ħ䡣
ûж˵ʲôַҳһڰ棬Ҳȱһֻ棬ħǱ۵ģ㻹ǽҳҳٻأǾħˡ
ٻַĿⶸȻһ档
쵰ûԹ˫˶Ӳϵķף̫ˣֱ
겻ٻʹõ𣬷ҪʲôҧгݣַһЦûȥ뽫ҳٻʹá
ַ΢΢ͷ貶Ŀһâ갲ǣޱ߾޴Ľҳҳ
ַһʱҳĲһҳ֮ϣһƬߵĺڰء
ˣٻַӶȻһһ֮⣬꣬ȻܹһҳҳٻÿֲȻ֪
˿ַ̣֮ϣĿĹ⻪ҫأΧûкڰ߲ͷףһҳڷĲڣ˵һ촫ҳ飬ֱӷ˳֮ϡ
ңַܹоԼһҳĽϵ֮ϵ꣬һԷɳʹãһٻ꣬ӵãٻ
ǱֵӣһһƵĶַ㣬쵰Ȼûнٻǻʲô̫꣬ˡ
ַЦ£ܹ⿪ȷʵе⣬˵𺳡
ڣӦô˰ɣ΢΢ͷٶȿеǶħԼĿֲڰħ档
궼ܲסħĿֲȷҵһҳû⣿ַʵղҲÿռͼҪħյϧռ֮ҪգǶԷӵÿ죬궼
һҳʲôһַ΢΢ͷ漴һʱһҳ鳯Ͽշȥſһ̣ǲһҳ飬һƬأޱȵĺڰ֮أ֮ϣƺһЩ·ǴӾеģ˿Ƭʵ֮䣬Ϊһ·ӡڻߴ֮ϡ
¡¡Ŀֲ촫һƬħڿգգеľħȥħƺܵʲô΢΢ʱеĻӵĿ꣬һƬµħϢ˵ĿٶȳͶ
ˣħȻ䳯зȥȻ˿ַĿһâȵգ
£¡¡Ŀֲ֮һƬޱȾ޴ħȻٵڿգǾħֹȥһƬħкХֲ𶯴鼸֮أǳ¡
һ̣ԶȺ̧ͷߣֻһҶգ˵ȻħıԶɳˡ
Ȼһ̣ǵĿ㽩Ӳ¡¡ĿֲǿһƬֲħ˳ٶȿ쵽£һƬأֻһҳ顣
ˣֲħֱӽħûˣ漴¡¡ٶȺХǾ޴ħ¿նȥûƬڰ֮С
ʹÿֲıｫħ汾ˣȺͷ£Ȼһֱֱ̲˿̲ųֶħ棬Ƭħħ涼κβˣֱû̵ˣ껹Ҫֲ
䣡һӰڿգƬڰĿռ˹ȥħ汻˸ãɱ˲ħ棬ܵõһֲıηħĺڰأǲһɣ


1293 ׵۰
¡¡ֲħ֮¾ħֲħ죬ҪħٵȶħҡϣľħҪһС
ô죿ַ㿴һҳ黯ħĽħˣͷΪ𺳣Ŀ⿴棬˿ԶǿضߵĶǶˡ
ͽһҳ꣬豾á˶͸֮ɫַ֮аһҪˡ
αã廯ǵʿƮ
㻹һûַɫһһﲻ
ʲôΪΧ˶űǣԼҪ˷֣һҳ豾á׵ۺָֻһŵ棬ַ΢΢ͷûж˵ʲôһһҳ黯ħƯ֮УоһƬħء
ַ꣬Ѿ
ĺХ֮Ѿ˺ѿռ䴫ʿ׵۽Ų͵һ̤棬ʱΧĵ޾·˷֮أ죬ŰƬأ̼䣬ҽϣ˵ֱᵽ˻֮С
ȥˣҪʱϣ׵ڿն𣬹ϢƬû˻ᷢﻹһַ㡣
ܿ죬߸Ⱥ̧ͷ֮Уֻһλ֮оһƬħأħ֮ϣֲħ죬֮˵Ȼ佩

ǻ쵰ޣ֮Ŀⶢ׵ۣĿ䡣
ɱʵ֮ŭ죬ħ貽âҪն׵ۣ쵰ʣʹʱħ۹ħڣЩħֱ֮Īǿһ˦ǧ棬˰˻ľʣȻΧʡ
㻹ҳ˵֮͸ɱ⣬쵰ʿһοӰ˻ʣ⿪ħۼħƷȻֳˣңһƬħȡħ汾塣
һȺﶫ˭
ħ֮УԵм֮⣬ȻħȴޱҪնǲףЩȻ޲ɱʿȴûи
ɱһŭХɫĻʵһλǿ߳׵ۣı䲻ǽҲѪ񣬻ƽ죬ٶѸޱȣ廯һͷֲĴһ޼᲻ݵĽ֮е׵նȥ쵽˼顣
׵һâһ棬һԡ
ɱ׵۽Ųһ̤棬ʱƿռŤһ·ղͬʱ׵Ȼ䶶ʱǿֲħȥ
ѽŭһ쳤Х貵ĽҪ񷣬ȻŤպƽ𵴵Ŀռ֮ǰУ¡һֲľ֮Ⱥֻ飬һͷǿֱӱħϵĻΪޣɢڿա
͡ʵǿŭ죬޾Ľɫ⻪ŶֲޱȣĿĽɫӶеӰƺҪ̵ȥȻǵʿһϮƮȻħֱо֮Уɷǣ˭档
ǣħǾħʹõľħðλ׼Ϊ˶ħħ֣˭Ҫȫ
׵վ֮УԵޱߣ˰λʣΪħȻΪΣնҡ
ַ㿴а棬еϲĻ쵰ëַˣǰܿҪˣǱ˻ڻ֪ǾҪˣλ׷ɱ·ʱҲԽȥˡ
Ⱥ׵ŵĻһŭĿӣԵϢΧĿռ䣬Х˺죬Ҫһ˶˺Ϊ顣
ԽԽǿ߻۹̰Ķеħ棬ǾȻǾħ۵ľħÿֲ֮׵ۿӹİλͽӵܣ޲׵Ĩɱ쵰ʿʣһôŰ裬ֱ޷졣
λʿ˲񣬲ɱ֤ңħļֵ޷󣬸ʱǵĻˡʱһλȺ˵ڻʹ˻ľ֮󣬸ǿ֮һݸǿΪѾȷػʺ;ħ۵СˣᱦԿӵЩУ˻ֻǶûû¶ѡ
ôҪ֮𣡡ʼ䵭˵һʼңѾˮݣ̨ͬһϵӣʶģսһкι˼ɵġ
ҵĻѾٵλ֪ˣ˻Ǻ⣡Ӧ
ȻûлǾ͸ùʲôʸ˵ʼĮ˵˿ӣɲûһңǴʼ塣
ԣûлʵһλ˵䣺ɱʿ֮ʱҪʼħûʲô֣
˵գʵſ죬ʱ޾ĽɫâҪûУ³һ֧ëͣͨҫ۽⣬ޱߣһһִ𻮹ռ䶼ܸѵ
ʵǵĻҪе׵ۡ
ԣûл֮ˣԶЩɣɱˣ׻ʵһȡһƣֲޱߣ׵֮ᴩء
Щڸˣûл͹ûʸħ
һƺˣַںڰ֮Уֻе׵ɰȻĿ֮˸ǳֵĻҪĻһ㣡


1294 ɱ
ϲĻ쵰ַ㶢е׵аǰһʱŰԷõɽׯ֮һ㿪ʼɱˣٵ񣬿֮׵ۣԽԽֲˡ
Ϊʵı䣬׵ܹʹõԽԽǿˣͱǰ֮󣬸ò˶ʥ󷨻Ҫ徧ʯղŽŲһ̤գʥ֮Ťգ޷룬ӶĨɱʹǧǰʼӦˣңʵıǿֲ
Ͼһһλۣ˻ľʶĶԶԶԼĵڶ궼һЩ˽⡣
ּսܹģ˵Щ׼ˡַеɱͨصǿӦû⣬أ㿪ʼЩѶˣصߣܿƿذЩˣܹģذصİ幥ʹðͨĻǿʢ¡
һþħԸЩˣַ㿴֮УҪ֪Ǳ߷ʲôϾ׵ŵһҳ꣬׵ۼԦ
ɫѿɨȺдһ֮漴һʱ֮ٶȳһͼף͸ŹĿֲ
ͼףȺȻһͼ׵Ϣ
ͼײѾ콣֮˺ΪֳȺĿ̣еͼ
ߣҵ˴ḷ́һͼȴ̲ڸղŻ˵ϧͼױ٣ΪǷɾ裬Ȼöǰȡħ𣡡ʼһʱȺȻûղͼ׶ȡħҲ׷Ź˿ֱ̲˿̲òóᱦˡ
ͼױд˫ͼףٵֻ֮һѡ˵漴ֱе׵۶ȥ
ߣʼһնȻ׼׵õħ
ˡˣһӰڿգֲϢʼŰһ貵ĻʼͷϢֻ˲Ϣʱ䣬Ƭձÿ
ħһŲ΢̤ղ̤ӰȻʧԭأ׵۵ǰ֮ء
գͼ׷ţֲ٣׵ۺŵƬħȥ
ȥ׵һЦоٵħȻ˦˳ȥͼ׺ȥַϣȻ֪һҪͼ׶֣ʹħͼףͬʱֲľħͼڵķλ
¡ֲħЯžħһ̵ʱȺɫ͵һͣҲһĨЦ
ɣ׵ǴһĨϷʵЦݣĻ£¡¡Ŀֲ֮ɫĹ⻪Ƭ֮أͼױֱ˺ѵΪռĻռĻźɫĻ棬ͼںɫ֮нΪ
ÿֲһĻȺȻһǾħÿ£ܺǾħӲֵˡ
Ȼ䣬Ŀ׵۵ϣֻɱʿħʹõĻ̫ˡ
ŭһˣһͼףȫˡ
ˡֲħ泯Ϊͼ׵ĻϧŲ΢ʱһӰȻʧ
Ȼȴֻǿֲħطĳ¿ҵ֮ȥɫ˲Ϣò԰
쵰׵ŭһַ쵰ؼʱ̾ȻһµĹ׵۽Ųһؼһ쫷磬̤֮Ϻص·˲ʧˡ
Ŀֲ׵۸ղգŰĿռһУ׵ֱַۣС쵰ӴˣȻħžħȥɱˡ
֮ϣ֮һɫ԰ףĿŴħħ棬ٶȿ쵽Ϣͺһ
ܣŭ
ˣħٶֲ̫ˣֱӴ£¡¡ıرѿˣվŵɫ԰ףͨţˣһ˲䣬ֱ˲֪֮ˣңͼҲûˡ
ħںɱ֮˺˲Ϣڿգ磬׵ڵķȥ
ɱһͷٶȿ쵽ûб߼ʣһɫ·ͬʱе֧ëǱλﶼҪն塣
ꡭգǰ׵նȥ졢쵽޷
ˣ׵һ֮ɫ漴Ų̤նŤǹ·ٶȳ̤У׵۵ŤĿռ们뿪ޱȷͷϿմ
¡¡촫ħ׵о֮С
ɱ׵ŭһҪն˲˵ʲôַ׵Ƶħžħ
ѽХһҪ뿪ȻһȴĶ
ۿصģ𣡡׵һ貵ķâޱߣڰɣ
ŭһŤ޾ĻͻȻţҪأɫһŭХһ𵴣ĻȥȻȴƬ֮УȺȻһʥ󷨣⿴ʵĵʿʥƵƿδֲЩˡ
ɣ׵ַԦħ٣潫ûҽ죬ͬʱ׵峯෴ķȥȻĽе貽ɫ֮Уķ𣬶֮𣬿иһУصġ
ͷɫѿܳĵʿӰ˻ʣʥƵƿֿµ̬ĵزңоħԼһƬħ˭޷סħĹ
ɱ׻ʵֳ׵ħʱ¡ľַ֮оɫ԰ף۵³һѪһҳأܹħɻǻᱻݻٵġ
ˣˣ׵ͺһʱħΪ¹׵֮С
λңܿͻټģ׵۵¶һĨȻЦ⣬漴ӰȻˣãȻûж˸ȥ׷ɱղŶ̶̵ս˲䣬ҵͼûˣЩɥʵ𱻶ߣʵĨɱǵʿħԼħ̫Σˣ
ټȺɫӲϣԶҪټˣ


1295 ر
׵۵ӰʧȻǿ֮ϣϺ˿˿Ƿ֮⣬ܹоõղǵʿʵԲᳬأһֱܣÿһιȴ£ԣɱٶȹˣɱ˲Ĩɱˡ
˵ԷǽħǣԷսǸе̾һԷĲΣǱ㲻ˣǸвļһҵ죬ʶҿӡ
𣡡ŭһĹ˲գһͷҰް㣬Ƶһδѩ£˲أסһ⣬ȫˣڶεݸǿ󣬵ֻǸղһ˲䣬һƬǿߣУһͼҲûˣȥôʽ֮ˡ
ССѩ¹ҵǶˡ
֮⣬ȺɫѿľҪʵˣһλ˲նˣң𱻶ߣʵʱܵ˴裬ң׵ۿӵİλ֮Уʣʵ³ҡ
ַ˴սʱȻ˳Ƭڰռ䣬βϵ˸˿̵Ѿ˺Զ֮أĿͶڷķ׵ǻ쵰ȥһҳ׵ˣϲļһҪħˡ
ַоɺ޵ǣһõûмʹùַ²⣬ǻ汻ԼʵȥˣˣҲֻ׵ϲˣǸҪľ粻ȵ⡣
ħֲޱȣ׵ǼһʵǻȫΪԼʵģȻȵ׵Ǽһ֮ʱӦԼ£ܹɵģ˻ľԼˣȫϳС磬ذ˻ȥ
Щ˻ľһֳֻǲ뿪ѩ£ַǲģͨǿߣνѩ˳Ȼӭһȫµɡ
һҳ׷׵۶ȥȻ׵Ѿҵһطúʥƴ󣬿ʼħˣϲĵһʱ䲻˷ѡ
Ƭַ֮һڰŵ֮ϣվڸ߿գɫĳƮ裬ҹĻҲĽ٣ֻʣһԲ¸ڿգƬء
ڰ֮УȺжȴ˿ûͣѰػʵС绹Ǿħ۵С磬嫵ĵعԻ֮أ涼ŻʵҲв˵õһЩöֻû˵ѡ
ţڴʱַĶĤ΢΢˶ֻоһƮ͸˿˿·֮⣬һϵĳɢӣܿ죬ңԶ֮صȺܹһƵˡ
ַĿ⳯ĳͶȥ漴ֻһ貵Ľɫ⻪ҡϣһƬնȫǶĿĽɫ
⣡ַɫһǽɫĹǷ⣬ҫķն㣬ԽԽҫ財
һ޴ޱȵĽ񻺻ڿգƴг֣˫ֺʮƲзԽԽ󣬲ϵڿն𣬹ҫأΧ˫عâһعâϵɢȥһƬ񷡣
Ǿ޴Ľӵľ޴֮УȻһȺɮˣЩɮ໥̤ɮ˵ļͷΣзԽԽ죬ϵȺĶĤУҪ͸˵꣬ݽΪ𺳡
µǿߣڸʲôȺȻһֲһһֵȺĶĤ֮УΪǿңһЩʵƫ֮˺ԴֻʣϵҲݲˡ
ҹСУһƽɫĹ⻪ҫƬҹ֮УƳ⣬Ĵǡ
ţַһԼ壬â˸ŵʥӵеĹâʥףȻ֮˹â
ҵʥϵıҲ
ַ㷢һĻ֮ɫȻһʲô
һʱַгƷʥ컭ꪺƷʥչ컭ꪺչңչĹâȻҪȷ컭ꪸһЩ
ַֽһâܹñ﷢⣬ҲζţܹҳС籦ڵλá
ȻַʶˣҲʶˣ׷׽ԼʥһâʧڷģСеı
Ȼеʥ֮ⲻûм٣ɢԽԽ࣬ǽ֮ϣɣǧ֮ʱСУϵķһô貶Ŀ
һ̣˵Ӱڿգ֮ϣַҲһڿնվڸ߿֮ϸ·ͷŵ֮ϵһƬǡ
ÿֲַ㳤³ƬСУȻôʥϵı̫ˣȻûбȡߣ౦һͨʯͷһˮֻһֱ֣ӱѰ˸ԵˣȻҲвٱڵص׵λãѰ͸âһۿɼ֪ȥѰˡ
ı֮أһ޲ͷ𺳣ĳҵĲţѾ˿ʼˡ
ʲôȻܹﹲ⣡ַеǿͬʱͨƬصı
ûȥᱦҡϣ¿ȥһĨ⣬ΪĿ財
ЩǿҲûжǺַһ·ռ䣬ǳͨʥ޷ǵע⣬ҪģƷʥϵıԣڵȣڹ¿յǳһ
ַһȥֻǷһƶĿ⣬ƺǵһҳ飬ȴâ貣ԽƷʥĹâ֪٣ңڲϱø
ǿַɫȻһֳرˡ
ҲһַĿ⿴һطâͬ貶ĿעĿ
ţڴʱַȻһֻĳطһŸĿǳҫ˷ǳֲı
ˣ


1296 һҳ
ǿرַң֮ϵһȺɮˣվھ޷֮ϣޱ߾޴ķӺڷ֮㣬ޱߡ죬ն¡
ɬɣһǿ˸Ϊ貵ļâ
¡һֲı촫һȺԺ֮У˵ɫ԰ףʵѪϴ³ޱ߾޴ĽӴźХǿΪ貵ǳȥ⿪ڰҪ˱ܣ޿赲
ϲĻ쵰ˣַͬƺһ촽Ѫаôؼʱ˲ڣʵ콣ôͱȥǹޱȿ£Ѿ꣬Ͳ֮ʱѪڣѪֹ
£Ǻͽһĺϻ֮ɮŷ֣죡ַ𺳣ĽŷǶĿıһħҪܿһĳϳһޱ߾޴ķ֮ӡХ¿ȥһЩʵ֮˱ֱӻ
Ǳֱַһöӡ漴¿պڰ֮УȵٴڿնʱѾһϮ£ַ㱾
ر֣Щǿ߶ʼ˷ûзħҲħһȥ֪˶ˣлᱦ콣Ҫڶγˡ
ݺХֻ˲Ϣʱ䣬һ޽ַԣַָֻǵڶ⣬ŽǿߵȥǱõ֣
ǣһ֮漴ǿľ޽ϴԶǵڶ貵⡣
ַ֮͸ŷâ˿̣ǿߴ඼Ϊ貵⣬ֳֻҪõıַýȥڶǿŹâԽʵӦûŶԡ
ַԼŲһ̤ǿΪĿĹâȥֻѾ˿ֲսŷҫأǧرѣÿһ֪жٶᱦ֮Ҫһ̵Ĺŷ𣬻ɱ¾֮
˿ֻ̣Ǿ޴Ĺŷһޱ߾޴ĽɫƣеһĨȥɫʮɴ֣ϳԶıȥΧһжʧȥ˹ʣΨзʢеһжҪ˹
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ţ׻ʵһʱԶţħһؼçţ̤գƬؾҵĲǷӡϵĺ˹ȥ
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ҵģŭһȫȻ˶ԷĹ˿֮гһĨ֮⣬Ѿرȥ
һ³֮гһ˫ޱȣĶһ̺Ʊûɫࡣ
˾ͽŭһеӰ͵촫ʼıɡ壬ռɱ֮Ű¶һĨɫ屻˺ѵ
˾ͽһռŤֲĿı⳯жȥ
ˣһӰӹͻأʧ˶ᵽˣһȺȻһˣ
Ⱥһȥղһ貵һţǱﱻ֮ǰͷŵĹâ
Ѫˣ˵ȻһһˣӰ֣Ӱ꣬ҹõΡ
䡭ٶ죬մҫգʱԶһİӰӳ֣Ⱥ¿շûӣһܱȻղ¿յȺȥ׷ȻûϵǷôֲɶݡ
˺˵Ŀ⳯Լɫʱ΢Щ԰ףӰһһڹ⣬ȻȴڴʱرãƳһ£ӿ֣棬޷ӵ
þǻ칬ǿ߳ˣ
ɱֲķһûأǿȥֲޱߡ
ǣͳ촫˲ϢӳöָȻûеĹȫϣ·
ǣ屻޾Ĺ˷飬гһöɫĴָһöˡ
˶ʱȫǱȥȻڴʱһЦ֮ȺǰƳŮӰǵ֮С
ַ㣬ʱڻþ֮⣬վһ۵Ľ֮Уر֣ǿᣬ˶ֺΣգȻȴֲñȣ˶ܵô죿ԣûԸȴֱᡣ
ַԣʵ̫ûʸ񣬼콣ʣڵҪᱦǳ˵ΣһһȾܹܽľǵȴᡣ
Ǳ߲ˣַĿ⳯ԶķȥǿһӪھԵǿƣȡǼӦڱصˡ
һһҪˣַһ֮ɫһʱһüĴ͸漴ǱصףͬʱԶӰ˸Щħ
ղѾⱦƺһҳ飬ܿһ۾
Щǿõ˿¶ذ˻ľ˰ɣַ૵õ˵۾˭ύȥ


1297 Ķᾭ
ƬþƬ֮ɫĹ⻪ٶҫƬҹգֲı촫þ˺ѵˣЩһҳǿٴγַС
ֻǶݵƬʱ䣬˺üλַɨһЩǿߣۿɱ񣬳֮⣬ֱ˼λ֮µǿߣ޷֣ЩսȺжл
ǿʢ֮ˣµλɮˣǺ廯һ޴ĹŷҺӲ˶ֻŶȡ
Զʵǿͷ֮ϣһɫѿǵʿɱʵʵǿʵһܹñģɺޡ
ˣһĿĽɫַַ΢΢һ漴ֻһֲĽɫӰ٣վգַ㣬˫ӱޱߣȻǽħ
һ˫Լվжˡ
΢΢ͷַ㿴ĽɫĿдһĨĮ֮⣺£
Ԥ˵ǳʿΪ㻤ǳʿǺˣħĿⶢַ㣬ʵ
ţַ΢΢漴һƺâһ³
ĮħĽɫȻһͣĿĽɫӱøͬ͸һɼ֮Ҫ̵ַ
ħһӰ˸ʵǿߣħߣħ΢΢ҡͷ
еħ˵漴͵ɿһĿĽ⴩͸գԶ¡¡Ŀ촫汻ѳһۡ
漴ħת˸ȥ
ַĿƽħ˸ȥӰĵ´ΣýΪһѿ⣡
ħַвĻһתӴ͸ճַȥ޲ڱַսһ
ħҪ嶯½ɱ𣡡ʵǿ߶ħȻЩɵַǷӣԷһŭ֮¸ʥһ֮ɲġ
ԣħȵʵǿ֮ʻֵ֣콣ʱɱ٣һǿͬȰħŰݣַҪˣд
ַĿ΢΢תûٿûгɳʲôڻһͷأ
֮ϵսϢ죬ѹѹַеĲЩս¿յĻС綼ҪǴݻٵ֪Ҫж޹ĨɱЩ˴սҲЩ˼ɵģ̫޼ɵΪС
䣡ڴʱһֲ̹еһöɫָϣʱָȻըѵˣղصı׷׳˷׹ȥȻ˵Ŀֻһһҳ飬ǿ߶ֱǽȥ
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ɱɱһŭ𴫳ϿյȺȫնǻԲη籩Ľâ¡¡ĿֲϣʱնյĽ籩ƿһǿߴг˳콣ѾصַУһҳ飬¿׹ȥ
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Ҳšɱһŭ֮Ӱͬʱˣžħ۳ȥϢͷš
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ħվǣֶδһ£ȴȺľĸо
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ȵ뿪֮󣬾ħ۵ӰȻû֮С
ʱȺûз֣Ǵһ֣ܵı˭ӰһڰĶ֮УдһĨаЦݣӰȻַ㣬ղЩˣЩħ
һҳ˾ħ۵Уַ޹أô


1298 Եַ
ʼ˸Ȼڴʱǵ嶸Ȼͣüͷ壬¶˼ɫ
Ծʼ૵һһμħ۵ʱ򣬺εȷˣƾʶܲһĿ⣬˾ħ̫ӡǿҵľη
ڸղſħ۵ɲǣ־η֮ĲǾħۿڵʱ򣬸ľ
󣬾ħһȥЩǿɱ߶ˣھħ̧ͷɲǣ˶ܣȻ˿ϸħôỹһңСʲôģΪʱһҳ飿
һ֮ˣֻһĨǿʢǧ겻ɢҪһҳкã
ʼ˿Ҳ뵽㣬ǵ嶼֮ͣС
ԶһλĿֻ⳯ʼڵûиоŹ֣
Ҳô룿һڵ漴˵建ת໥һۣŸղŵĵطŲȥ
Ƭ֮˻ص˸ղڵĵطǷ֣֮⣬˵ˣѾʧľħۡ
ƺǱƭˣһȺͷȻһƭˣ
ַ㣬֣ҲһҳѾˣ˵ħ۾Ūģʱ֮һĮ³񱤵ǿߡ
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Ĺ΢΢鴤ϺݺݣȻҪ񱤵ˡ
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ˣ㹻ĵݣ˾ͻɵ㣬ûеˡ
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˻ľˮ̫ЩҲղ㻹оԷ׽תۼ֣ܶҺʼ֮䣬ǺܺõʥӶǰлĸʼ̫ү٣ȴΪѾˮݣһУΪ
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ַ㣬нǻڵģ˵һ漴󳷣˸ȥ͸ޱȵɱ⡣
Ȼˣ㲻ڣַɱ˱ɱˣܶ뽣ģֻʣҪ˺Ƥ飬ʱҲʴս֮ʱˡ
ߣȺ˸Ҳ׷뿪᲻Ϊ貵һҳ飬Ǳȥɣ˭޷ȷǲַģңʵҲַɵģħַۣôҵһңһɱ㲻ǾħۣҲһֲħǿߡ
ǲ֪Ǿħ۲ǼٵģֻǣǾħ۵һƾħ֮־
ȷַɵģ˭ֻðնַأͬʵһ֪ԤԤ׵ۻΪַ㻤ֻҪûǵʿһַ㲻ܣʵЩ˸Ҷ
һУҪʵ˵ģ
õ𣿡ȵȺ뿪ַĿ⿴Ĺʵ
ˣƺǹžĹӦһַһǹž
ַԼõһҳ飬ǹžĹõģҲǹž
ңַһĹǰ콣һֱû٣׵Ǽһ֮ǰ콣еĺãԼλʱûԼÿһλʹöãСһ£һЩʱ̣


1299 ׵ɨս
Ĺַһöָõıڴָ֮С
ûҪַĿ⿴ŽĹýĹɫһпǿʢĹžȻҪõ뷨
Ĺ֪Լ츳ܹһѾǼޣ޷һ죬ǵֻ֮ǿʢٹ⡣Ĺͷ˵ȷʵ뷨Լܹɻʣ㲻콣ˣ񣬽ϣַϣûǿߣվҪһȡ
ַ΢΢ͷΪʣл֮أΪ
лĹɹֳǿ츳ճɻʣҲǿֲĻʡ
ȥɣǿܲܶһЩãַһ֮˹ˣХ뿪СУ˶ڶᱦս񱩣˷ս
ַڿնƬ֮󣬽һɽۣ֮֮ϥźڷ׵ۣõرѾˣ͵׵ϼһɨսˡ
ҹ֮УСս֮˷ûҹ侲Ψб֮һɽ۵ַȴһУ΢紵ϣĳںҹз衣
֪ȥ˶ãһƹâӳڴ֮ϣսȻѾƽϢøİְȴм֮⣬һҹֲ֪жǿڴˣرģǸҲǻ
һҹսջȻЩ֮ˣЩлɱ˶ᱦĺûһֻ࣬Ҫᱦֻ̱֣ǿϧЩնɱҲ֪˭ˣңЩ˶˻Ҳʹã֮ʵӡУҲַû˻ԭ
ǼһǶϵķëӦòӡǣУǼһҲþħ
ħջ񲻴󣬼رЩ쵰ˣʱĳʵȺվһɫÿûǰˣһǱˡ
ǵõرΣҳ֮ʱɥ֮գгԹˣȫҪַ㡢ǳʿһɱħĿޱȣҰԳ죬СУΪʱգ
صôãڻ֮ԼͿԶɱһЩˣԱ֮˷Ľɫ¶֮ɫħ
ԣڻ֮ԼնһЩˣħͷŽɫ⻪ͬ衣
͡ڴʱһֶĿĽɫ⻪ҫȺ΢΢һȥɫ⻪ϴ͸գգĳɽȥһλУֱûڣһҳ꣬񣬹λ
׵ۣҪˣ
ʲôǿڿգŸղû֮ȥȻȴһĨ⻪ƺȥһɽʧˣɽ֮أһλ꣬Ȼַ㡣
쵰˰ַ㣬콣Ưǰǿߣһ֮ˣȴƫƫ޲ߣɺޡ
λѱʱһЦԶ漴Ⱥֿ۵ӰХµǣӰĽ̤źޱȶĿǾħ
쵰ʿ˾ħȺȻһħǿʢǼʶͼ˲䶼޷ܣֱӱջ񣬾ħ֣ңƺǳʿƿ֣һĻ˵ɫüѿ
λѣһμ̫ݣһط꣬λǽԹԵĽɣħƮֱһλȥ׻ʵơ
ңŭһɱʱ콵ףһޱȿֲ׵ۡ
͡͡ħŭ׵׵ħ֮ϣıʴٻ١
˲֪ô㲻ˣ׵ĮЦݣ峯ȥ
ˣû壬ڿգҡȥȻȴ׵һ¶֮ɫ֮Уħӡͬʱ嶸Ȼʧԭأǰ˫ӶŶԷöԷ۾һʹ۾ħա
ͣµħֱӽ٣շѹǾ޴ֱӰħ֮У漴ȺֻһڵĻӿ׹䣬ƣǵʿС
вУθڣ׵۵һ漴˾ħ֮УȺͷ쵰
˭лɣ׵Ŀ⻺תȥʱЩɫ࣬һȻ˸뿪ʲô֪㡣
ϲģ˳޷еӡǣŻὫˣַ㰵һһԣӵ
ʱֻ׵建ڿգ׸߿յ֮ϣɨ¿յС硣
С籾ˣԺǱ֮أԣһʱ֮ڴСʧΥߡɱ
һǧ˶ʿʼˡ
˭ôĿȻҪСռΪУ
˵ձսֳֻɱʵ𣬻˻ͼףħȥħ¹˭赲
˹ǳս񿴵ԶϵӰɫӲҪһˣСռݡ
쵰ȡ˾ħʲûκε쵰ʿӴѩСˣ䣬С磬¶Ҫˡ
ҲûʲôرˣҪ㲻Ҫûذ˻ľˣȺивͬ뷨
ַߣĹվַ󣬵Ǹ
ݳǣַվ漴ڿգݳǵķȥݳѾСԵӹ죬һ֮ңѣɨս飬ͽ׵һˣַȫúġ
ã˹漴ڿն𣬳ݳǵķȥ
ַ׵۵ֶθҪģǼһǴۣľ˭ܺȣҪжݣֻǶ໨һʱ㽫Сɾ˿Щͣ˱бɫȼգֻоĵѣ۶ǿͷɱ
ܿ죬û˸Ҳ׵֮ȫС磬Ȼʧ
ʱַ㣬Ѿصݳ˾һˡ
סĸףС磬һػʵС磬Ũͬ˼ʤһǾħ۵С磬ħ죬ǳǿϲĸС磬ΪµĻʹ
ʱַĥŸδС磬һ仰üԣҪĳС磬µĻʹ


1300 Ĺ
С㣬ȷû⣿ֺоţַ㣬ܹռС磿
ףİɣȵѩƽǨʹݳǣӴǻʹ֮أַ΢Цŵͷ׵Ǽһﲼ֮ʱ׼׵۽СԼƺɽΧݳǣȫȦͬʱ󷨷գԼҪʵΪѩ»֮˾סڵĻʹΪڣ֪׵۽Сѩ»ʹ֮˱֪׵Ѳ˸ϵ
ȻܹСˣҪǾԵĺģйܣڶʱڲ֪˻ľˣôȫ롣
ػСɣַֺ֪㲻ܺЦҲ¶һĨЦݣǴӴˣҪʵСпֲĸԪмôɡ
ţƺǱߣףտ£ϣƺܹǿʢǾѩ¹ַֺƺڶĶΪƺѷƺַƺ
ƺѾѩ¹ǿˣһƿغõģֺЦ˵ַ˼Ȼףϣܹƺǿʢ
ллףַЦ£û̫ʱԼԵѹжҡ񱤣Ҫϱǿ
һգһŵ۵ĵʿշ̤ħΧСնһƿֲĺɫҪС棬ʿлСӴ˽֮أ쵰ʿһռС統֮أԼǴأ
ҲԼ˰ɣ쵰ʿ̫ˣҲŭԣ˻ľǿ߶ϳȥˣ˭ҷϻһѺڻܽյûҶʣһиƵǣС⣬쵰ƺɽѩ»ʳݳǣȫҪ̣һˣռѩ¹֮һĵ̣̫ˡ
Ǹûȥˣʱʼ׵۵Ķ΢΢鴤ҪٶʲôˣС类ǻ쵰ʿȫΪˡ
ذ˻ģʵ˿ڣ뿪ѩ£ûˡ
ʱţգգۼվСΧѾСˣĺɫƬأСΧȫ棬СϿգһʲôˣǵʿ󷨵Ȼֲ˵ĵز󷨽С棬ԺǼʲô֣Ҳû֪˰ɡ
ʱַվС֮УػڵĹҶַϣǰһУ¶˼ɫػʾסĵطȻǳϲķ
ҪˣԺסַ΢Ц˵漴Դ΢΢תֽվŵҲǰ
¶˿˿Ц⣬ǰҶһ΢΢пַ㡣
ַ㣬Ĳǳȥ𣡡Ҷû̫ϲ΢΢Դ΢ЦŵĿַ㡣
ɵѾͷ粢ô̫ƽȵԼС磬ͽǶߣַҶ˵
ţҪ㣡ҶЦ£ûж˵ʲôַʲôԣͬģַҲΪ룬ַȥ
ӰɣҶѾͷڼӣʱһֻ׵۲֪ʱϿգַŵĺߣ쵰һֿʼˣ
ҶûԼѪ٣Ҫ̸̤ɣַ̧ͷ׵˵֮ԼѪܽѪŴˣңѪԽǿŴ츳Խǿ
ܵ⣬Ժ㹻ǿʢҲ㺢ӸѪ׵Цңбɵڣ츳ȥ𣡡
˵ҽĺҪΪɵ𣿡ַݺݵĵ׵һۣһ죬᲻ᱻ
ѵ㺢Ӳɣ׵ͬݺݵĵַ㣬һһ£ô໥š
ˣ׵ۿǴǿߣǺӵɵǺֲҶЦ˵ַһˣǺ׵ѾϤˡ
Ҷ£׵۱ӵĿַһۣ漴ڿȥ
ַЦЦ漴Ų̧漴һʯϥһ֮Уһҳ顣
ַƴһҳ飬⻪ޱȣУ͸һƷӡϢ
Ȼзӡڣַһ漴̧ƣһָָ͵Ľ˺ڽ֮ϣȻȴûãƲӡ
Сһַ΢ʱâ˸콣ַ֣ǰ΢΢š
СһһæƿӡΣַ콣ţֻ콣ָ飬ΧŽת漴һƶĿĹ⻪ţ콣֮âڽ֮ϣһ촫ӡѡ
ˣһƹ⻪ӽ֮ʡ
Ȼ֮䣬֮ϵޱȿµĺڰħҪǹ⻪յȻֲĹ⻪Ȼʥħֱƿ󷨣󶼴ƿһ󶴿ڣȥ
ţַȻһ˲䶯ѾƿĴ󶴳˳ȥ˲Ϣ֮⣬ͷϿա
һĨ⻪ٶֲ̫ˣһ·ƿȥеһж޷赲Ʋ𣬿ռѿһĨ⻪ľ⣬Ƭء
͡һ֣һҫĿĹ챻һĨ⻪ͱǱͱƵĵطһĨ֮£̵۾΢΢ϡ
ȵٶſʱޱ޼ʵ֮ϣпֲ쫷ڷµ쫷籩ķƺҪǾϱƵĶڲȫ
һ̣ͬʱ̧ͷ𺳵һĻûκε죬Ϊ̫Զˣ˵Ŀⶼ޷ûԶľ룬ֲֻܹķ籩֮ۡ
ͱ죿ַ΢΢Ѿܾû𺧣񷣬ͱˣ
һĨʲôΪΣܽƬ춼ͱƣ


1301 ﾭ
¿գһַһͣ漴峯¿ս䣬صǹħ֮С
׵ҲվǣĿ⿴񷣬ͷųһĨĿ֮⡣
Ϊλַ׵ۣΪ죬ͱơ
׵΢΢漴ַһۣղһĨģ
㣡ַǿһ׵ۡ
ҪҸ㣬ܿͻӴˡӦһַõ
ַ㶢׵ۣ֪ϻ쵰Ҳʲʲô˸£ַ˵֮ϣȡһҳ顣
ˣ׵һϮۣ˲Ϣַԣַеһҳ飬ӡѾƿһҳ֮ϣȻ޴ּ
ַзâתݣõˡ
³ַомּ޵ӴһΪͬޣεȿ¡
ղһʲôӦ֪һЩɣַĿٶ̧𣬿׵ۣʵ
оʲô׵۷ʡ
ַһֱ׵ۣ漴ſ죬˵
׵Ŀ˸Ժת
Сַڣ׵Ŀַ̣㡣
Уǿʢ겨ַٶ˵׵۳³겨ػʣ
Ŀ΢΢̧׵ۿ֮ϣǱͱƵѾ籩ϣ૵ػʣΪ𣡡
˻⣡ַɫԽԽػʣΪֺػǣϹϵ׵һ˵ػĹһĿģΪػĹУ
ô֪࣬кã˵õ˾ħһй㣬úǳʺ㣬㿴ˣҲԽһۣҰο£׵۵Ц˵ַ㰵Ϻ꣬οһ£
ַ㣬ȥϢҶǰַЦ£ǳµ뿪
׵ڿգȥƿ󷨶ڡ
ַ㣬˿ϥĿϣһʱ֮һҳ֮У̼䣬һɿֲ֮ǣУʱķĿʼ˸һֱּӡ뵽ַԺУԺԾ
ƺ˺ܾãַŴһҳ˳Ŀȴ˳˼֮С
ַ³һ˿̲ףǰȻһֱ⣬ָô򵥶ѣˣ˺ν
½ֻ֪֮ӵ𡢷ħͨ쳹أǿޱȣһΪ壬Ϊ
ˣԭˣˣַۣľ
ˣǱ̫ˣѹǰֲžס
һΪ˷ħֹĶôףʲôħһֲֿĹ¾½ȵ۾ַħ۴ڸĹžһֱħƣǣǸʲôħҲûħֻħһǿʢžѣ
ҶģַͻȻʲô΢΢һ漴ͷգĿƴ͸Ѿ޲õƶңԶʣղͱصĹâȥ
αۣʱַͻȻһ漴һ趯˲һӰַǰЦĿַ㡣
СһǲҪ۰οο׵۵ЦݺһϮԵЩ롣
ַ㽫һҳӸ׵ۣ׵֮̽ӹ̼䣬ü֮һ貵Ļֱ뵽һҳ棬ַһĺּԺȴȻҪַַܶ࣬ʱһ֮⡣
һ׵۵֮͸֮⣬ÿֲһ۾
һһַͬһ֮¶һĨЦݣ׵۶һۣƺڿЦƺĿֲ
αۣ׼𣡡ַʵ
ãһЩʱ𣬸ʺһЩ׵Ц˵һҳӻظַ㣬ʵأ
ôǿĵ۾ôַܲЦ˵׵۵ȻһҪ
Ҳ۾֮У̫ȡ֮أҶַЦŵһ֤֮·
׵Ŀ΢΢ţ漴ƺ뵽ˣüͷɳĿµĿַ㣬ЦҵǶڴЩӣҲĸҲ˵
ֹӣַ΢ͣеЦ⣬ܸо̫ܣϲĻ쵰ƫƫʲôܶ޷׳
ȣȵúúɣ׵Ц£ƺЩֻζ漴˸뿪ߡ
׵۵ıӰַ΢΢¶һĨЦݣ˸һлѵʹѾϰˣ
׵۵ıӰʧ֮Уַ㲢ûһʱֳһҳ飬貶ĿȻͼ¼һҳһĲʣ֪ʲôֲıӡŵ۾֮ȻǷǳֲġ
ƺҲзӡȻûиղŵķӡôǿңַ͵һʱ촫ӡѣһҳ֮ż֣һҳһģһ
žַһžһ̵ģ
ﾭַ㿴Ǽ֣ͷΪ𺳣ﾭһ飬ȡ֮ô
һַ뵽һž֮Уʱ͸ղһž֮УġּһĻĻӰƮԼԺ֮У


1302 µı
ﾭַӽ˳֮ʱ˫֮ͫɫžĲǿʢԣһ۾
ӦػĹҲ˵һҳ飬ػʵģôӡһҳһҳͬĲʣζҲػʣַƲ⣬֤׵˵Ļػʣӵ
׵۵ػĹǳħСػʺᣬ׵õֶһħ
׵ۣԾħȻȤַܹ׵ۣҲʱ䣬ǿʢĻ棬Լ
׵Ҫɣַв²⣬˺ɱûɢֻʣһƻǲдӡһƬܵͼСУ׵ܹһѾˣɱҷӡˣȻޱʹ޵ġ
ַȴо׵Ҫ죬ܹɱ۵ֹȥǧ֮ãжôǿʢ޷
ﾭһ֮·ȴʺңҲĻȽϺʣַЦ£ﾭⲿ۾ҲвСİ
һʱַУһ࣬ƻӶʱ೯ַǰȥһ嫵Ĺڵ֮ϣʹʱȥˡ
˳̤֮ʹУһ̣оһƱɱ
ЩϥһֱڣϣгһܹȥǱʹ֮УΪҪ̤񣬵ȴΪҪ뿪衣
ַ㣡һ˵ȫվĿ⺧ˣͬҰް㣬Ҫַû
ַ㣬һνˣ
ַĿƽĿȺһۣЩ˴ΪİֻиϤӰմؾгЩȺ֮£ʹ໯Щ룬漴رչ档
Ųַ̧㳯ǰ̤ȥɫƽûаĲЩ˱֮ʱҲһЩ۷֮ˣǱ޷µûгһλߣԣûκεв
ɱһŭ֮ʱкüӰַ㹥ϢȣȻЩǬ֮ˣܹκε˺ô
ɫצɫĻ桢嫵Ļʵ֮һַϣַĳȻǵĿȴȻ佩ӲΪʱֻоǺĲѪ֮һ޷ҡΰ֮
ַĿ⳯Źļ˿ȥƽ֮κεĲһӣǣѾͬһε
ǣһֲɫ׵ȻţǹַȺϣֲİ׵ֱӽûɢս˰㣬漴һƻȼǵٻ٣֮Ͻ˼ڵĺۼ
¡Ⱥ˿ڿˮ沿ļƺڳ鴤ţϵĲ԰֮ɫ˰㣬ַ㣬Ѿ˿ֲôǻʲôϣ߳Ĺ
ûϣˣžĿռ䴫ϸ΢ĽŲܹصĺַ֮ǰţ˲ÿһ·ǿµ׻ǷһеĻ棬ܹ˲ء
ʹӣַ㣬ѷյַ㣡
úųȥҲ˭̤֮һῼȥַ㵭ĮȺһ̤߼̸ףȻƺѡ
ַһ·ǰУʱ̤˰·ͨңǽɫĹŽգǰ빬֮أƺĴŶȱڣʣħʣԣʣԼСУ
ңԼҲ֪Լħʻ֮գ˲һУҪҵõһУȴ룬ħڹʯ֣ʣ޷
Ųͣ£ַ㿴Լ෽һϣͻأӿֲֿĽһ㣬ΪĿ
ƣַŲǰһ̤ʱ¡¡ĿֲĴѿ˺ѻ
⹬ܹܵĹһܹͨģʿΪ֮ȻĻĺ˴򲻿кãַа⣬漴Ų̤УһЩܣߵԣַⷭ£һЩңƺʺϸ޵ǳȫ棬Щʺ֮֮֮㲻ˣ
ʣԺ˵ģַЦ£漴ߵҲ࣬Űٶƿ˹ţ棬Ǳ⣬һЩǿıͬΪ֮µȺ׼ģʵղأƽʶһﲻмһ˰ɣ֮ǰȴ֮
ַ߳һ漴½ƿĹţѶԽԽЩŵĶҲԽԽãһ֮У־֮漴ǰ֮֮ǰƬţǸʥУõĹʺġ
ٶ߳ַаһΪ̺·ֻҪõһУ壬ưǬһѶȶûУֻҪһЩʱԣһλʵղأҲ֮С
ʱأ룬ҪΪƺڵǿˣֻҪƿصõƺڷչΪѩİһѶȶûУַЦ£ʱؾĿǰԣûʲôܹ̫ԼĶģĴŲδƿ
䣡ֲı֮Ȼڹл죬ַ俪˵ţȴܹܵĹӦأַѾúǿŽƿ
ʥַ֮ͨ㲽빬ǽϿ̻һʥͼɵ¶һĨЦ⣬оԼڽؾ֮ʱġ·ǿʥ֮·ˣһ۱㿴嫵ǽϿ̻ŵģʥƹͨ
ЩڴˣַЦ£˿̵ȷڴĴ֮ŵʲô
ƷʥʵĻУĻʾǷС
һΣַȴʧˣʹǿʢĹ޷ƿȴţַףȻǹƺ˵õıغ֪̫עĿϣǽ̤ʵأһǰһʵʸƿһš
ֻʵ뷨ǺģħʣȴıһУõȨ޲˵ħʴ۸ˣģܵõζţС磬ʵвɷָϵʣΪλԼС磡
ҪҪ׵Ǽһæַţ漴ˣʵΪĵַ㣬ҲԸʵĹ򣬵ȵһʵƿţõҪģ


1303 ַ㣬ħ
֮ʹ֮Уַϥһڣʱ󣬺ȻмõĹӰ˵𾪵ǣЩӰֵģַӰƺа˵Ӱ
һһַеΧһǿʢϢϢ
ѣַһ³ʱİ˵ӰѣÿһӰƶҪһΪ
ˣһ촫Ӱ飬еĹӰ̼ȫʧ·Ͳڰ㣬ǱΪ֮
̥λ̥޷۶ɣ˵̥ˣҶƿأƺԶַϵĿ͸һĨʧ֮ɫһֱϰ֮УȻ֮·űҪǿʢĻɻ̶̥ɾ͵̥ߣҲ̥
Ȼʧˣžţ֪Ƿ۱˿Կƿ£뵽̥̥̥ңûضţ֪Ҳɡ
Ѿ˲лǿĻȻûܳɹɵһ
ǵ۾׵Ǽһﶼһֱ죬޵ãκηŶûгֹ⣬ǽܹɹΪȻˡַЦ£δִڴˣ漴һʱƯ֡
ַһ³룬ҳֱƯһƬħַǰ˵һεİ룬ڶα򵥶ˣֻһ֮䡣
ַ̤һҳ黯ħ漴ӴָȡһЩ׹£ֱħ֮У̼䣬һȵħϢħΧɢȥһ͸ſֲħ⣬ϣħ
ַȡһħУͨĹʵо׽ţǱħʿ̣̫˷ˣܹħħᵱʳԣֱ
һħⲻַϷַϺƶһ֮⣬ħ⣬ȻħᷢЧá
Ȼַ㲢ûħĴ㣬һȻһޱ߾޴ǧħ֮ϵһ֮Уһ̣Ź֮ɫĹâ˸İƤϵ·ƶվڹ֮£Ȼ䣬ַһɴ·ԼһƬ֮Уů︴գŲ
Ȼܿ죬ڱǨһƳ֮⽵ٴأʹüǿͦΣ⣬˶㣬֣ɨҶһĨݼ֮̾ڴʱѩ٣˪죬ؽ⣬类ɫȡҪ򶳽ᡢ
ļļ
ַȻڶ̶̵ɲǼļḲ֮̌ػ޹⣬һǧ̵Уļ˸ļ֮ǨȻ֮ػĹžﾭ
ҵܹԭﱾʣʥʯһıܹԭļҲˣҶκηŶһԭ򣡡ַѾ֪Լصһ̼䣬ػ޹õɽˮͼͭīʣ׷׳ħ֮ϡ
ַҪܲܽһ뻹ԭһЩʲô
ڱֵɲǣַȻ֣ɽˮͼŹŴͻأ䶯ɽˮͼ֮ʳˮɽ֣Ҫħ֮ϣػʾ޵Ĵϣ֮תݣɽˮͼӳ棬Ϣ
һ壬֮ãַȻػϣģ޹ŵĴֻ֮Ҫⴲϣɽˮͼϣ˯֮ͬУ֮⣬ʱ޿̲
ַȡĲͱƺǷֻػѰã޹أûʲô֣ͭâ˸֮ϣ͸һ֮ͭɫҫĿ֮⣬ͬʱһĨȵϢַõ֮ʱȫͬƻ˹
ַŲ̧𣬻ߵͭǰ֮ͭпһۣһ̣֮ͭϣһͶӰַԼͶӰ
Ŀ͵һַ΢΢̧ͷһĨ֮ͭͶӰԼʱ嶼΢΢
𣿡ַ૵ǰַߴΰźڰֳۡһĿĺڰ֮ͷ֮ϣкڰ֮ᣬ˫͸Ŀֲ֮·һһڰħ
ַŲ΢΢󳷣ʱâȻ䰵ֲǿʢͶӰʧַȴȻӲЩͰ㣬һͭз·ãȻʣַ㣿
ǰңߣδңַͻȻ׵۵ĶԻ׵ֻۣأַҲţûֻأûǰôѵδ
һͭͶӰδδ̫ˣңͭӵԤδ
ַЩɣߣֻһ鹹ͶӰѣֻȥռ̬˵ǿԼ
ִŵħĺڰ֮Ƭ磬ֻصƿԼ
ȥַһħһҳ飬Ѥȥļħɽͼͭȫħӡ֮У꣬һûм޵Ĵ֮أһƬءһƬռ䡣

ת֮䣬չȥ⼸ַûֻǽһʷıؽ˸ͬʱԼʺǵԴ似־֮֮ƬһȱټСбĿֲԴԼʺֻҪʱ䣬ܷ츲صı仯٣ֻҪľ⣬ܹſһУ䣬κε⡣
һ죬ѩµķ粨ƽ࣬ȻѩԼΧ˷׷ǰѩ¹Ѱһ٣˻ľǿ½뿪ˣǰѩµˣǿҲһЩͽ䣬ַѩµԼС׵۲µ󷨣Ӧһˡ
ʺﲻѩ̫ƽַ㣬Ҳ׼ˣΪԽԽǿԺѩҪʱԽԽ̵ģгһΪʣѩ˻ľҲ֮䡣
һգҶһֱַ֣ߣŨŨľ
ַ㣬ƽ㣬ûСҶײַĸ첲ַ΢΢һ㶣漴Ц£΢΢ͷһԲ
ַعͷһۣ°ͣŽεգϷʦ㣬ʦðᱻֳֹ׷ɱɣ
Сۣưַһۣһԭ黹ƽأ
Ҫ͵ַЦ˵ɫʱһ죬ַЦʵȥҹƣֻȴ˯ˣ㰲뿪ˣһԻˮɣ
ʲôأӺƯŮСѾͷǰСſַıϣĵ磬СŲ㣡
ɵѾͷȸݺ˻ģܹκεңұ㽫Ƕӵߣٴȥүүַַں棬СѾͷԴЦ


1304 ʵأ
ʵϣһжַֻĶѣľͼ֮ͬеô򵥡
ַϡǵãϴһĨӡʧ֮ʱҪСȥʥݣǵطȷʵΣգ㹻ʵַöСš
վô֮£ַ㰲ĺһ𻶶ȵʱ⣬漴̤Լ·
ʼҿͶӰѩ֮ʱַıһֱ޷ƽھħڻʳ֮ˣһСѩ±ݻ٣ңһжѾȥ֪˸£õ˿ֲĵ۾Լǿ֮һľħԣѾˡ
һУҪлˣ׵һнڣеˣû콣죬û׵ۣòôĺô
һֱ׵ַۣжǸмġ
ѩµϿգַ׵̤ھ޽֮ϣХ׵»ûΪ棬ַͬУ߳ѩ£ǵʿò֣ǱˣõħʱϾʣߣɱ˻ʣοӵǰλʡ
һƲûлĻǣĵزףɵúúõĻŲС
ڽǿߣַǰ˻ľˣֻλھħۺػʵС֪СѾΪ֮֮ˣҲǷǳ˷ܵġ
ȥģ׵۶ַһǰ˻ľķƺһЩƫ롣
ɽ۹ЩҪַ㿪˵ĦԽѩڹ⼸Ѿȥ̽ûƷϢ˵ƼǰʱЩƺйأȻˣһҪһɽ۹ġ
Сӵ£׵ھ޽֮ϣ徹ԵԽԽˣû֮Եмֻ
ַû׵ۣѩ¹ɽ۹ǰַԾǳңԶӵо޽ַԣѾ֮ܳΪˣû̫õʱ䣬Хľ޽̤ɽ۹Ĺǡ
׵ۣȥȼַһ޽ʧ漴˵彵ƽ֮ϣǰԶһ嫵Ĺɽ۹һ¥Ƽҵй
ַϡǵãһļ棬ϴλµģսһȻҲ˲ٺþơ
Ϥľ¥ַ֮вһĨõЦ⣬һӰٶԾ֮У
ңյ۹ΪѩȣʱΪŵͽ䣬Ϊǿˣйˣһ֮ܰУȻһĨȻʧ֮⣬·Ǹ̾׺ɣ
ַ㲢֪ƼģйƼҵľ¥ҵйҵƼҡ
ߣַ泯ž¥̤ȥƬ̣͸Ź֮йһ֮ϢƮС
ľ䲻ôϵΣƺȷʵ³һʱþ¥²ȺĿⶼһþĿ⿴һһ
ǿֲޣеϹ棬ƺûǹƣЩͷޣ
ôİӰأ
ô䣿ȺĿ⽩Ӳɽ۹³˵õţԱȼɽ۹ǰǿˡ
֪Σ˵˵ǰıɽ۹һǿߣǰˣǾĪϧģ˲ɽ۹һˣġ
ӦñȲĲŶԣΪࡣ˿ڲ²⣬漴ֻһһй̤ȥûΪܹΪ֮Ҳ͸ַΪ
һ·ϣַ㶼ûʲôܿ죬ַ̤йĵڰ˲㣬ֻв̴ľ
ַĿ⿴ϤĻһۣȻ䣬Ŀȴ΢΢һͣһӰϡ
ǰַĽŲ΢Ǿǰ
һĮ֮ŵӰƺôӭˡ
ߵʱĿ⳯Ͷа⣺һҪùˣȻȥθĵʦã
ôò㶼ôˣַЦ͵Ĳ£Ŀ⻺̧漴㿴һݵӰ³ۣõЦݣûǰǹѪԳ嶯˼ϲŭɫĵȻ
촽΢΢ţԸеƺЩ΢΢Щ˵ʲôȴƺ޷˵
ûԪʯҺȼɣַЦҲͬһ˿Цݣ漴Ԫʯ밼֮Уƺмİ漴ַһơ
ַƱ˲٣ΪҲûôɲС
㺦ģпʼЦݣַɱָֻյĺһ
ַЦ˵þûȹļҵľˡ
αַۣȡƺ׵۵еȥ׵΢΢ͷ͵һʱƺеľƻһ˿ߣȫ׵۵С
ϻ쵰һȥĿɿڴַһ˹ȥһȻֱһˡ
ѵԼŪ׵۱ӵĿַһۣ漴ߵԱߵľ֮ϣֱһڻ棬ﱾȡƣ
ַ㿴Ǿ˲ΡΡİ׵ŪƣɵһԣϲߵĶܿӰ
ȵĿһ׵ۣ漴ַЦЩ꣬𣡡
㿴ǲõ𣡡ַЦ˵˵֮ʱȡһ˼ơ
Ⱦ̫ˬˣȥ棬ֱҪһЩַʼ磬£漴ЦҲյĳ
һҪ
ߣַվһݶȥһһһλվַǰǸ£ڣ㻹
ǸһҪȥַЦ˵Ų̤ȥ
һͷųһǿϢӶַ㣬ܹоõǰ꣬öԸ
ɣһ촫Ŀһͣ漴΢΢ͷǣС㣡
˵գߵÿַ̤һ㣬ɺһһв˾ڴˣƺǿΪ˹Ļ㡣
ӲҪʲô𣿡һΪ䵭ַĿתһλŮ
ģŮɲǣĵϣдǳǳĲЦݣûлӦԷĻ
£ַĿһֱɵࡣ
Ų۾ǰһλվ˵Ȼַûп㣬˵ֱѡӣֻǿЦŵʲô֣
ȻһɫļһδҲ̫ˣȻҵô˵Ϸ


1305 
ϵҲ΢΢һһɫһֱңѯֱ룬ƼǧС㣬ɽ۹һˣ˴ѣֵõô
Ϲ۾Сʸѯʵ𣡡һַֻϣ΢΢ʱ죬ƺҪƿַѪ֮С
ַ΢΢תһۣ˫ӵУȻһĨ֮ɫħһͷţޱȣֻоʹ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ַһ³ͷȣֱ˵ϣɫ࣬١
˵ţþ޷ƽϢһ۸һ޷ǿУһܲס
˭һȺ᲻ַ֪ǿ󣬿˲ʲô֮ǿʢĿʵ޷͸
оȣйھŲˣһٮٮߣ˱һǰʮ֮Ҳ˶٣ȻܲסԷһ꣬δҲ̫ˡ
ûж⣬ûв´Ӧĵðɡڸղŵ£ַȻδϣϵЦɺ㣬ʶ˵ΪѩȣȴδĵļйӴƼΪǵĴ壬Ȼֻһˣַ㿴òƲδԾ
ַĻ˫ͫ׶Ȼ£ˣʶ㣬ַ²ĵãһܣ棬һܵܣ
ʶҽ㣿ַʵ
šַ΢Цŵͷʵ㣬𣿡
ЩɵĿַ㣬һ㵽˭
ҽַ㣡
ַ㣡ȻһԵøľ㵣ַһĨʣ֪ġ
ַ㣿Ⱥ΢΢ü֣ƺЩϤ
ѩȣַ㣡һ̣˾һһϤӺζ£ʱ˵ĿⶼһǶѩȵһϯλַ㣬ԭѹô
˵ĻʶҲ˵ǰμѩȵɽ۹֮ˣǰ漸λϵַ㡢ĪϧġĻн巡
ַ㣿ʵ
ַЦ£ۣ֮һСദļ֮У漴üġ
һμ䣬ʱϵļɵʧ¶һ˿ǳǳЦݣҴȥҼҿ
ãַһɻ֮⣬ɵ˵ͷһһ߳йַǰ׵ں档
ƺܳĬһֱûп˵ַҲĸ󣬼ȻҪȥƼҿȻԭġ
ƼҾйԶûжһ˱㲽ƼҴԺİַƼҲ˶Ϊ⡣
˭һλ˶ʵ
壬ѡĻӦһҲû˵ʲôܿ죬˴ȣһԺ֮С
㣬˭һʮҵӴ߳ĿЩƵĿַ㡣
ҪҸף˵
ҪףȹأĿɶַ㣬һһ糯ַȥһӰ㣬Ϊأɽ۹ΪѾǿˡ
ƣһƷХ
֣üȴΪΡ
ַ㵹ǲ⣬Ȼ㣬ôȻĵ׵ܵˡ
ˣ΢΢һƷַûдַֺ
ҪȢҶ㣬ҪһأһһΪûӰͬʱַ㡣
ס֣һС쵰ں˵ʲô
Ȼַ΢Ĳ£׽͸һ΢㡣
ǧӰһûǧӰ˸ͬʱַ㣬ַӰңͥŲ㣬Ŭ޷ַ½ǡ
ˣһϵĺ漴ǰ߳һӰͣ£ǺЩĶַ㡣
ַ΢΢Ƿִ֮
һҪԡַĶɵִŵĵµûһҪ׷ˡ
Ƹһۣԣ
˵գƸһʱǵصĲӰַԵſռ䣬޾ĲӰͬʱַ㡣
䡢䡢䡭һȻַϣлһӰƵַϵĳ۷裬Ȼַƽδҡֺ
ƣƸŲһҵķ裬ѿֲȭˮΰַ㣬һҲҪݻ٣Ȼַüͷȴδһ£һĻ۾ֱɫӲÿֲĸףȻ޷ҡַֺ
ηƸַ֪ܹ㣬ջ̾һΪβ֣
벮ַ֣Цѵĵĸһٲɡ
ߣ֪𣡡Ƹһżֲõɫ
ַƸĻ¶ЦݣƼĵϢɵΪʵģ𣿡
ô£׺ַĶԻ㶣漴Ŀ⿴ȴֻһַۣ㣡
ַ㣡һ漴ȻһĿ¶һĨâѩȵһ˵ꡢ޵ַ㣬׶Զˣ
ڴʲô⡣ʱƸĳȥַ㿪˵ɣ
ַŲϣҲں棬Ժ䣬һŮӾסĹԺ֮УƸֿ˵סĵط
ַ΢΢ͷĿŵԺ䣬ֲֲ߲꣬͸˿˿ҷ֮⣬һֲעĿ˵Ǵֲ꣬ȴ棬һɷ紵򣬺ƶ޷롣
Ǹֲõģַ૵Ƹߵַǰֲȷֲãǰʱµģ˵һۣ
µģַĿųһƷâģĻţԢأ룡
ַΪζദôãһֱңħ֮ʱҲ벻ðʱܱħնɱΣգַ᲻ĵ˼ֻǣûп˵ʲôѣڼУƸ


1306 ˻Ϯ
ģģַΪƽĿ⻺תƸʵȻĻãΪʲôûȥ
Ҳֻ֪Ҵһ˼֮󣬱뿪Ƽң׵ģ֪ʱټƸü̾Ϣ
һʲô𣡡ַ¶һĨâƸļȻţûȥ̨˼ֲ֪֮٣һʲô
ߣôԼչ˺ûУһȥ㣬ΪûнߣƸһַɫһջĺ֮£ܹģֻԼս֮ϣԼǱĺߡ
ַûбʲôϵҵĴĵϣܸ֪ң
Ѿ˵ˣĴ˿ΣҲ֪Ƹ̾һ
ַ㣬Ҹûƭ㣬͵͵뿪ģ˵Ժлʱ˵ַɫһͣƸĲ֪˿ȴڲ룬Ϸʲô£ӻĺС뿪֮ȥйʲô
ַĬƬ̣εĵ˵ͷٻ鷳֪˻ľ̨ң
˻ľ¶һĨɣ漴ǰַǸܴܲҲȥ˻ľ
ַɫһ㶣

ûϢļһƸǺݺݵĵһۣȴЦԼ˵ϲ𣬻ô˵ǽô
ĻʱƸӵۣһ̫ûϢˡ
㿴ɱǿҪҸȥַ˵һַ㶼ЦСһԸ񣬾ȻһҪȥ
ҳƸݺݵĺһ
ܲԸ˳˵ˣж־£һֱɽ۹к˼
ߣĻɽ۹Ҹأ
ΪŮ־µж꣬Ҫ̸ףŮ鳤ȻҪ٣Ӣۼ飬ɱ飬Խöɽ۹ƴ־ߣҺͶ㲻һж˵
ȻַĻȴ¶ЦԣָôӢۼ飬ɱ飬֮ˣһֻϣܹ˼أͬҶһ㣬ԼҫҲֻѩ¡
Ҫɾ֮·עҪʧȥ࣬ޱȿֲǿߣûкˣһ䡣
ʵȥһ˾ܽնˣȥʤ˵Ƹŭ˵˭ûƸ֮Ҳ߳ȥ̫Ҳ̫գû츳ûǿļûм֮ģҪɾǿ̸ס
򣡡ַͶȥĿ⣬ַʼ磬һȡһö϶õĴָвٺöúܻܲҪȥ˻ľ̨ң
֪κβ˸ףӹַĴָصĵͷã
ϲʲôַһ
ꪣǹӦ
ַһʱгһ컭ꪣһƿֲɱϢӶֲĿļ֮ɫÿֲķ컭ꪣƸҲһⷽ컭ꪣǿǴ˵еʥΡ
Ѿ⿪ϵԺðɣַ㽫֮޸ķ컭ꪵݸ
л򣡡͸ż֮ɫĽ컭ꪽӹ⼸򣬺ֵأ
ַߵߣЦʵ㻹ûиʲôأ
Ŀ⿴ַ㣬Ӧ
ַЦ£ͬȡһöߵĴ֮䣬ݸ
㣬Ÿʲôѵ㲻Ϊɽ۹һ𣡡˵ŽַݹĴָӹлл
͸㣡ַȡһʥ½֮
ƸĿһУû˵ʲô͸ַ㣬նѩȵһ꣬ɳЩֲʥó֣·ͨ㣬ɽ۹ɶû˵ʥ֡
ұ㲻ˣǣַûжͣһ
ȵȡһ漴ߵַǰһöַָ㣬˵ϲģұһЩ
ţַ¶˲õЦ⣬⡢ʣ֪һǷԪҾˡ
ټַ׵һ뿪Ƹ˿ַ뿪ӰһĪɽ۹꼸ҵҲ˵ַ֮־ھ½һƷ۹
ַ뿪Ƽ֮󣬲ûֱ뿪ɽ۹θǰɽ۹ĻʹһˣȻɽ۹ĻʳǣַôܲȥĪϧĸףʺһַ֪˾Īϧ׾ĪϧĽĪϧ׵֪ӳΪ칬ȻǷǳ˵ģֻǿϧλġ
ûڻʹͣãַĪϧһЩö뿪ɽ۹Ű˻ľķɳ۶ȥ
ַ㾭Ǭ򣬲ûмȥʵ䲻ҪǬļͷ̫ףշܲѩ£´ι֮ʱǬЩĩա
˽ѩ֮£ҵ֪Ļţַо˲٣ȻûҵģֻҪţվټģֻʣƷûϢˡ
зɳ۵ľ޽һƬƬءȣϵǰУ֮󣬺ɻĺ̤˻ľֻ֮صƬϤ֮ϡ
ʱ޽֮ϣַϥɢǣڴʱ¡һ֮޽·ײ˽֮ϣȻͣΪȻͣµԵʣַ岻ĳǰ˳ȥ
ǣһſֲĴִƼ̽͵ĳַɱȥ͸һɹѪҪֱַ
зַĿһ֮û뵽˻ģֱǿ߷ɱ
ɱַһ³͵նһ磬ƲеĿֲնȥ
ͣǿֲĴɳַղƲַѹȶ
¡ħħӡɱǿԵдײһַƣѪݣؿںһѪǡ
Ʋ֮УӰ̤˳Ŀ͸һɹѪɱ֮һ֮ͽ
ϵĴָȫһΪһ˱˵
Уַ㣬·ҲȫԱһͬڵַȻһֱź˵֮ˡ
ô֪ҽַ㣡һâⲢͨĴˣԤıһֱڵ


1307 Ѫս
̨һͽô᲻ϵãϻ˵ָ·£㹷˸׹⣬˵
ַɻ֮ɫ⼸ʵǿϢƺôֻͨһͽ
˭ģַʵ
ϻ࣬˵ַ֮˽Ųһ̤嶸ȻʧԭأһĿֲѪɫӡѹſµɱѪ϶Ѫ⡣
ַһʣʶĿȻ⼸Ҫָѵ·Ǽ٣Ҫ棬ֻһڶѡ
նַһԲնɱɲǻߣ磬Ǿ޴Ѫӡ˺һ޴Ŀӡ
СʵҶԱɷǳ֣Ϊܻ𣡡͸źѪֲѪ֮ڣѪ֮û˺ȻؾΪҶ԰Ϊ뵱ذ壬ֲһѹºնһѪշѹַ㡣
ңƺɷΪ֮ˣˣʵȻȴ
׵ǼһûĳԱȥ޴˸µĹַսе뷨дַ㣬ǧ̸γɵҪսҪͱԼǿս塣
ɱַ˦ֱһںְֲͨշѹѪӡѳһ޴Ŀӣͬʱ岻ͣĺˡ
ߵõѪΣ˱ȵʱַΧȫѪŻ˵в֪ɱ˶ˣֲѪ
ıַնռѪͣըѵͬʱϽȾһħϢݣޱȿ£һ̣Ŀֲħַ֮㿴ƲصˣصϢħ̫ǿʢ
ħ򣡡ַӱ䣬³һ֣ʱջڰħ֮棬Ϣ졣
Ȼħޣ˼ħô׬ˣЦ֮洫漴һ˫ֲѪƳַǰѪɫƲ֪Ⱦ˵Ѫɱ˵˫ӣǿֲѪɫ
֪ʲô򣡡³һһַ̺ڷѪ˳޷Ԫ֮ȹ̣ԷѪ֮壬ܹӰڵѪҺ
ѪŭһʱַоͣѪҺҪƿ壬ϣļϣȫǿֲѪɫ¡
ַ¶ѪҺҪ嶼űʱʹѹϵѪҺɫѿֻҪʹ֮㹻ǿܷӳֲѪ֮أʹõûֲĻĻѪҺڶԷС
ûǿİ壬ֻиǿʹðޣͬİͬʹãȻͬ
ݣַһʱ޾ֲħ֮УͻȻųµĿռַ֮嶸Ȼʧˣû֮а㣬ǹ֮һ͡
ŭһֲѪӡ£ַ֪ʹǿĿռ䱦ʹܹգƾʧһ
ɱһŭ𴫳ħдޱȿµĽŰأַӰٴγ֣޾Ľâߵĵˣ˲ϢûԷ嵱С
𣡡ɫҰףѪӿȴ˻һѪɫЩѪۣ͵ĺɱҪַ
Ѫ䣡ַгȨȣֲԷѪöԷҽϣһʱٶʧʮ֮⣬ǽŵľƷʥɲǿռ䳤ۡ
ȡȻַˣȳһĨѪ˫ɱĶŶԷ
ֲѪŰƷʥȨȵļӳ֣ʱԷѪҺ·ڱʴ
ңŭһ峯ħȥȻַﻹᣬӵȫǳǵɱ⣬һ̤ң廯һ㳯ŶԷӿȥ
䣡ȨȻָԷ˿Ļң־ᣬ֮˻룬˱ͷǳԵֵģһԷǿʢͿԵֵʴǣһԷ㣬ܹ֮룬ͬԷ屻ѪֹѪ֮ʴԷѪҺԵס
¡ϿտµںħҪӪͬ飬ȻַﻹԷᣬŲһ̤նɱ˱˫ʴѾ£նɱĿֲâһ磬¡֮ԷԴըѣնɱ
ǣԵ׵ħַ˵Ӱ֣Ȼ˿ѾǸˡ
һĻλͬɫ࣬ѿˡ
صǿߣصַնˣ⿴ֱ˼飬ȴеķǰ
ֻ̨һͽΪ֮ɫӲڸһɢޣЩ֮£ٶԷԴȻҽٱǿ֮ˣǰ˺ףɱһˣ˵ɱΪ䣬ұַḻˣǱԥôõ飬Է˵ӵĶ̨һͽַ֮ʱǱҲȻţЩ˲ԼǺ
ɱǣһܾûнӴ֮£ַ֪ն֮£ǲܸɡ
˿Ǳ㷢鲢еôףһλصͬ飬Ȼ˶ԷС
ôģλǿ߶ַ㣬ڻɱղ˵˲ַѾȨݣɵñܣԺúãϾЩˣַɱԶûɱ㡣
ھ߼ңԶһɽ֮ϣվӰǰһ꣬Ʈ˫͸ŶĿĽâĿ·ܹ͸ռ䣬Զһǿռͨռۣ֮
վһλߣƽվǣȴһΡĸɽǸ
ûõķ³һĮ֮
үⱱ֮أõ˲࣬˶ɢޣսƫȻеͬǿߣôһλ֮ˣǳֵĻȵַʹ콣Ӧû⣡ͬʹ˿ռۣ֮Ŀӥ
ҵĿģҪʹ콣漴Ŀתߵһɣַ콣ʹã
ߵĿⶸȻһү˼ǡ
ַ֪һʹ֮ÿһζڼҪĹͷʹóģƽʱ߶ϲŽǿߣʹ콣ûκƵĻôҪôڼΣյʱҪôһҳʱųʹã콣ÿԱǿܶĵ֮ʱ߶ŽǿΪΣͬǰѩӪһǳ콣ȥң轣֮Хȥ
͸һĺâΪģҪַʹ콣ûƣĲ²ˣַ㣬


1308 ں
ַ㲢֪ʹÿռ֮ңԶ֮ؿֶǧֿռ֮۱һֿռͨ͸ռĿӰΣѱ˷֣ʱַ㣬˼ζԸǰλǿߡ
㶯նʹĨɱΪǿ߶һ˷Ը˵ΪӵʵǷǳģʵǿ󣬵ַѾɱһͬ飬̸ַ㹻ӣ׼˫Χˡ
ãһ˵˵ͷںХһѪѪܿڣһɿֲķ籩Ю壬ת˿һˣһǿʢµķ籩Ͻռ˺ѣ̶ķХ֮
ӦǷ֮꣬ΪѪѾΪ˷籩ںϷ֮ȥʹɷ籩ǿʢַһͣǹ쫷籩գµ쫷磬Ӱˣֲķ籩ϣ˺壬ǳǿ
͡͡µķ籩˺ѿռȻ٣ƣŭХֹ赲ǰһжҪ˺ѣټǷٶȿ쵽¡
ַ֮ͬӳϣͬʱ̤ңңնȻײǹɿ·籩ʱȻ޴籩תٶ̫ǿ̫£֮࣬Ĩ
ɱһŭһü֮âʢ߱ʸַ㣬ֱַü˫ؽɱַء
ˣǿʢһ˷籩һַ岻ϺˣȻ²һԸصƾںϿԻɱһԷΪͰͬʱأսˣѾĹ룬ղŻɱ֮ˣǽƷʥųɹ
ڣַڽüķʱʸУֲҪڴ͸ַǲ
ͬʱֲķ籩Ю˺ѵɴ̶ַ㲻ܣХڿգնɱ
һˡһ籩֮л⣬ϵ׷𣬶ǿֲڲͣĹҪַ
ȥɣַ̣Ľ޷ƿԷķ籩㲻ȡʤԷķ籩ǿʢĹֽԼЮˮ©ֻҪһɳڣһ˵ԽĨɱ
쵰ַаΪǿô࣬Ȼ˱صսκγĻᣬ̫ˡ
ţڴ˿̣һǿΣд̧ͷȥ㿴һɿֲƲѹƲ֮У̽һֻ֮ӡ죬ѹȶ£ƬеƲ㶼ݣַ㣬Էİ֮壬ƮΣڹһ̣ȴ嫲󣬱޿ɱܡ
ɱַһնգƲնѣȻƮε֮ӡɺɱ£ѹַϣһַ³һѪɫ԰ף˵Ϊأ֮ҲֻأĻһƻҪ
ַ㱻һƺĽʮףѪѪŭХ죬ԼϣĻָԼƺ
͡͡µķ籩ٶȽɱϷƲ㣬ַԷӰ֮ͬʱһԷ֮壬ƮУȻûб֡
СְںƲǷ籩ҪְںͨŹַ㶢ϯķ籩һ̤뿪ͬʱԼǧ˿Ƶ֮еֿԷĹ
Է׼ַ㴭ϢĻᣬ׷ᣬٶȱַ죬ַңںղͷ֮У޷ܵˡ
ҵԣǺڰֻںڰ֮Уܷǿ򣡡ַ˫ӱͫױƬնưһƬڣַ֮Уֻʣǿֲķ籩һ̣ƺռ䶼ھֹȻͬ㸡Լоͺֹһֻ˺һеķ籩
磬˷֮ٶȡ𡢱аݣַ㶢ǹɷ籩һУ֮һУݵ档
նʲôͨᱻ籩Юȥƺ뵽˷籩档ַڰĿڰâҵͻƿڰ㣬֮壬ں֮뵽һе쫷֮С
ǣӰε֮ٶȴгַ֣һѪƿˣ֮תֹƺǲ֮Ȼڼ˸ͬʱԷûȫϣֻನѣĻͲֻһѪôˡ
ַ˫ɷ񣬺ڰޱߣе˵죬Хֹһɷ籩ڻ۶ɣѹķ籩͸һɼ֮
ɱ׵硢ռ䡢֮ںϣ񣬷֮壬֮ݣںϽȥâţбӵЩ꣬硢׵硢ռ䡢ģְĽ궼УˣںһЩһƿֲİЮѹķ籩֮С
ֲ͡͡쫷籩ٶȴַ㣬ȻһΣַû˸˫ڰһĨ֮⣬ǰɱͬһɷ籩ѹķ籩˶Է쫷档
ꡭֲķ籩˺ַ˺ѵ¶ʥףַ壬ַ˫ڰӴ͸һУƿ˶Է뵽籩е˫۾һ̣Ƿ籩е˫ͫףܵһɱ֮
˶Էķ籩ַŷ籩תת
Уַһ³ڰޱȣһĻߣиŶԷķ籩籩˺һӡ
һҵֲ֮ķ籩ȻԶȥƽϢѪϵзԷͷţһĽۣȫѪ
ɱһŭ𣬹֮ɱ£ѹַ㣬һַ޷赲Էһ嶸ȻʧԭأٴγֵʱȴڸղǱ籩ǿǰһն˳ǵٲһԷ˲䱻˺ѣһǿߣ
֮˳³ɫѿͬ飬ַնˡ
ַ˫ڵӻת֮ʱ˫ڰ֮ͫȻܵһǿҵ⣬˫ܿ£Χˣûɱַ㡣
Էַ֮ü֮ջأɫĮڣ
˵գһԾ̤˹Ʋ֮УʧӰ٣֮ˣȻսˡ
ϰһ漴ַ߶һصǿߣһֱŵսҲûоֱˣصˣùˣַ㲻ҲҪȥֵõַɱˣ
ַҲ֪ңַǴǿߣһɢޣԼıЩ֣ʹýˣȻɢ̶ֳȱͲףԿأԷĳɾͲൽͷˣ


1309 ˻֮
֮УûޣαҪƴһսַӦ׵һԷȻַ֪㣬ôȻͨĽôˣַԷ˶ʶԣԷ֮УԲƴս
ˣնλ֮ˣԷӶ뿪Ҳ֮Уɢޱͷǳעı
ںϵİ幥ͨںϵĲĻںְ幥ټ㱾Ľֱܹ֮ӽԷˣط֮γɵ쫷磬ֵסذںϣ׵ۻڵҲ⣬ɢͬǱȽĴڣһЩǿ֮ءذŶв٣ǿߣͱˡ
šַ΢΢ͷϼһܲԼַҲ׵Ƕм׵ۼȻܱȵģο˵սȷƫˣԷȫĨɱ޷˵ġ
ңҲ֪԰ںϣûضҪðڣҲôףһЩںϰ֮ͨǳֲַȻԼĽ׼Լȥ򽣣˶İⱾһĪ츳ûе
ߣ޽ХٶȳַĽ£һһ˸ȥ
뿪֮Զɽۣ֮ǿռ֮۽ȥĿȴı䡣
һ֮˶Ըˣӱ䣬λнǿߣȻûַܽȵľҲζţƻʧˡ
ѩ¹ʱַ潣һϵǳ콣ɱĿռɨȥʱûʹ콣ʱδ⣬ȵѩ·粨ƽ֮뵽㣬˲Żнյ̽ȻܸԼֻ̽˼ǿߣȻʧˣַ㻹ûб
Ǻǣû̽Σڻ֮ԼлᣬүնԵǿЦ˵ΪͬһսȻǸղǼܹ֮ȵģϴνǿ̫ǿƣҲǰǱ
˵ɣַ֮㣬͸һɱ⣬Ϊַ㣬˲֪ǿߣһˣҪ֪ټңҲֻʮ˶ѣЩϹＶģѩ£ˣϵͼףһƷʥټʥԼ뽿ַˣ޷塣
߰ɣԼԵһ뿪ߣȻַͬһ
˱֮أѾ̨ĵ̣һ·ǰУַ㷢ⱱƺô̫ƽĴս̤쾳֮ˡ
ڣ޽̨֮ʱ˶ַ㣬м˶ַ˹
ˣַ΢Ц£˿̵Ѿվ˵ڰϣȻûа׻졣
ôˣַоѪƺЩȣɵһ
ַ㣬Ż֪İ˻ľ˰ɣЦŵ񱤵˸ɵģҺʦһȥʱ֮˵ķɱЩɥ
ٺ٣ǰҲûùɱ˲١ɰҲӵڰһ˳˫͸һɺ⡣
񱤣ַɫһû뵽ѩһ֮󣬾Ȼ˻ľȼˡ
˻ľʲô𣡡ַνڰϣʵ
˻ľĴ¶أһδңԶС󣬱һʴսҡ˾ռ壬ֽɱʼңìȫһͽ⶯ս򣬳׵Ķɽ׻ʵçţɽͷһԹʵѾˣѪģصħҲʼԾǵͽӾײɻͬˣǿƲɵƺҪȻɹŮӻõа֮ˣټԼ֮ĶԹ֮˻Ķɿ
ɰ˵죬Ŀк͸һĨ˷֮⣬ƺڴֶңʱӢۣ˻ĶǼߵʱ򣬿˭𣬲ۡ
ַɰԵĻ΢ЩȣȻûԤϵεķ粨Ȼôֲ˻Ķ
Ȼ˻ľĶһǳҪԭǱڻ֮Լ˵ڻ֮Լһȣᾭһ˻ĵķ粨ˣ̨ǰһͽһյ˸࣬˵Ϊڻ֮Լ
Ҳ˵һַһ̨ͣȻһͽһڻ֮Լˣѹֶֻᷢ
ڻ֮Լַľʦἰ˻ڻкԼҲ֪
뵽һȣ˻Ķһ°ɡ
֪ڻ֮Լô𣿡ַɰʵ
֪Ĳ࣬˰˻ľ⣬ƺǣ˾ʮ֮ٵʱһЩɢ֮˶߳ˣѾ֮·̨Ǽλʦ֣Ҳ½߶ˣм˵츳Ƿǳֲء
¶һĨâһκ񱤵ǿײǶһλʦ֣״ӣΪȻܹնɱصǿߣɱ֮ˣǿʢǸе𺳣Ҳˡ죬ѹʦ״ӡ
ң˵ÿһжǿ䣬ƽʱ˵ǰʮʵǿ󵽿¡
ڻ֮ԼȻǣ˾ʮַ΢Щ˻ڻʵԼԶûеô򵥣ƾ˻ĶҶܲ³һʲô¡
ַ㣬սǻ쵰ѾȻѳ̨񱤣ңҲһ룬ҾҪǨ֮أʦʹʦûᣬǺһЩʦֿȥ׼ȼǰҴմַ֣㣬ҪҪһ𣡡
ƺͻȻʲôַ˵ַӵ֮ɱַȥѹģһȤġ
ַû뵽Ϊϴε黹սȻѳ̨һҪǨģݵģǺ񱤴ĳЭ顣
ǼȻҹȻǨǾͲһȦ𣡡ַ˵ҵˣû̶ֳȡ
Ȼ֪ڱ֮أ̨ĵҪȥģ񱤽̨أȻΪԼǿ˿ôҪɱ̨ˣҲǰ᲻֪񱤵̣ŵơ
̨ļλʦֻǰַһȥĻҲܶ콣Ըһصǿ߶ЩǿԷȻƵĻȻεݻȽϿֲ
ʦڱչأаʦֻǰλʦ״ԼһЩͽһǰӦһַĿ˸£Ѿ񱤻ᴥ


1310 ̨
죬תаʦһɣϴս֮ʱǱˣթټϺų̈ǰ񱤿ƣһһҪСġַһѾ̨ͬˮ𣬲ò
ַ㣬㲻ȥ𣿡ʵ
׼չգ㲻ǰˡַЦ£δ˵̫࣬ʹ콣ĻȥҲ𲻵̫ã㲻ȥˡ
ãһתаʦ֣΢΢ͷַĻе˵̨ĵ̨̣ȴȷ񱤣Ͼ̨ͽʱ̫ˣѾһȻ
ַ˵̤˾죬˾ϵĹ֮ţʱŨ֮ϢʱеĴѩɫϥУŮ㣬覵覴ãλðʥϣ¡
ȻַЦ£һαչʱ䵹õģƺѾڳ֮ˣѩ磬ѩɣ츳Ȼ£ǹŨʥƱκϢҪǿʢ࣬ͬڵʥһĵܿơ
ַ̧Ų뿪˴֮Уûȥ飬ɣʱΪѩɵսȻҲǳǿʢġ
ַ˾ϵͨǰζеԼס޷龰
ʱַһ̤У׵Ǽһɢǣ²ؼ޹ذ㡣
ַ̤֮ȻһõӰһγˣԼӰʵǿʢشƵÿܹĴ⹥౶
ַҲѷַ֮㣬Ųǰһ̤ʱһƹһԼȥ֮ѹڶԷϣǿʢȻԷԼһ̤ͬһضһ£ַֻоѪ
һعƣ˼£ʮַƣǿ󵽲˼顣
ƣַһնںϵİ彣ͨεȿ£ֹʮԼһԼͬʱ˹ȻգӰֱַնѣ˵һ촫ʱɢȥˣ
ֻƾ赥޷սʤ֮ƽʮԼʹð幥ȴ׽ԷնȻֹұǿʮַǰĴͽƺ˲٣ԵЩʡ
ַŲ̤Ȼ·Ǵʲô㣬â˸ַ֣ǰֳһһĻַ΢΢һͣô£һֳһԼ
䣡ֱַ̤ӳŶԷȥͣһ֮޼᲻ݣ赲
ǣһԼĽŲͬһ̤ʱ˵Ĳ֮գ·ÿһƬռ䶼ַֻоѪݣѪӿһ³Ѫ·ǶԷһ
̧ͷַ֮ܵƣƺѾΪʵʵ죬ַ·ܹоÿһƬռĲ
ҿֵز𣡡ַĿ¶һĨȻ֮ɫ̫ˣ֮ƵļµģղһԼʮ֮ƣһԼаٱ֮ơ
ҿԽٱ֮ƣҪʹͨҶֱӺɱ֮ˣַһٱ֮ƣֲ̫ˡ
ںְ壬Ϊͨʱſ屶ңںְ幥Ϊְͨһְںϣٷ屶ϵӦǶʮ屶ʵʶںԽİѶԽںϵûôʵӳʵֻжʮңںְͨǿˣϱһٶʮ屶ʵϣֻﵽʮ
Ҳζţںְͨټɻﲻٱٶƣʹ֮ϡ
ַܹͶԼһֻһȭܹɱ֮ˣεǿʢ
ɱַ͸һĨ֮ɫһǰϽأںְǿһɱƽпһӣһǽְ뵽˷İ֮Уַɱ
Ȼʱ򣬶һԼҲһȭĴƺƵÿһЮŰٱɱ𣬱һȭ÷飬ͬʱǿֲĴַ嶼ڲͣţ·ÿһϸҡˡ
һȭȥһߴɽҲҪѵַԼһġ
ںһְ壬ܻ󣡡ַ૵󣬵ǸԼṩһܺõս
ȻַȻ֪޷սʤɺԥĳ˳ȥ
ٱ֮ƣϣʮ֮ƣǰٱ֮ƣٱ֮ƵԼǷǧ֮ƣ
¡¡ս֮в죬ַ㿪ʼûԼĽͨͬʱҲԼħʹãϳµĽͨϣܹЩĽԽΪơ
ɢſǵ׵һֻ۾Ƴһۣţ̨ʵɷѿģһԻ̲٣ȻԴóֶԼˡ
ԼսַȻ֪ʱĶȹתۼʮʱȥһգ̨֮ϣһӰХ٣Ϊ֮ˣȻһͽ״ааϣȾѪĿ죬˫֮дűɱơ
аа󣬹ͽһ϶Ѫ죬£֮ˣȫնһֱۣѪֱܵ۴ǣĴĿ
ô£
аʦ֣
̨Ѿ˲ͽλʦֵԡѪɵһϽǰȥѯʡ
񱤣ɣ䣬һֱ۱նˣѪ죬Ŀֲ˫ӣѪ⡣
аһӰڿնȻպУʵôǽշ𣿡
ʦ֣⵽񱤺ҵַҸûдǨ˼Ǹ̤ңձպϣ񱤺ҵͬʱºֻ֣ɱ䣬նֱۣȵƿճշӶݵʱѾˣĻ䣬һز
аɫ࣬񱤺֪ҪȥһúһУǣȫ̤ҵɲǣǿͬʱֱ֣ɱ
ʦ̨֣һڼ飡ӱ䣬񱤺ңڵһ̣׼ǻһʱ併١
ڼ飡պĿҲ漴񱤵˺֮뿪ûУ
ûУ֮ʱ˵ʱ̨ǰһսȫնϱۣһɣǻǵȫս񱤣˿ֲݣаɫѿĵ


1311 
ɮĻĬƬ̨̣ͽܶͽջֻܴ꣬ӱ濴ǵ츳Ʒԣǰڼ֮²УΪ֮ս£ڼá
ȴͬ˻Ĳ̫ƽս²ϣɱ֮·Ѿôһ̨ͽ֮ʱӦ̨Ҳ֮¡
Ҫ̨֮Ϊڻ֮Լ׼ˣа񱤣ҵǣǹȻ̨ĵ̨
ȻҲʵǿʢϾǴǧֲ֮ǿƣǿڶв٣̨ʵֻˣľʦ֣һλͽʦѾڿʼ֮ˡ
ٵȼʮ̨꣬ӭһǿʢʱڣ񣬻ƫЩ
ôϵַĶɵø˹һ۱㿴Ѫˣ֮ˣնһֱۣѪҺδѪ֮޷ϱ
ַ㣬񱤵ķɱɫ԰ףʱϴ˿ȴԵûаѪɫ漴ֽղŵĻ˵һ顣
ңҲҲ룡ַһϴηŹңû뵽ҾΪ飬һɱ̨
֮ˮˣַȡһƿΣ漴ιˣǿ֮ˮܹǿʢ֮аʵù󣬶ܹоǿʢ֮ڸա
ɰԵ֮˷֮϶ʱָһѪɫַᴩ壬ˣȻϱȴ޷ƣֹֻ֮סȵ̤֮۶ɵѪϱۡ
壡˺ܳԾַ㣬ƿԼĶϱ˺ۣһ֮ǣ޸˵ɫÿ˲١
ַ㣬ллֻвƶ񻯣ȵ䣬ܹϱַ¶м֮ɫ
һֱ۶ѣ˵ʹ̤䣬ַ㣬ҾͲˣɰ˿ڴƺɻ򱻳ɱ֮ơ
Լʦֵܣַ΢ЦҡͷɰԣΪһƣЩɥʦֵܼȻ̨ͬԵŽһģСַϣֻڼһ£ȴҪӡ
ʦ֣ʲô𣿡ַĿʵ
ʦײβʦڳ̨ܹ֮սޣ񱤴˴ķɱսǿյ˵ȺɫÿԼʵ̫ˡ
ʦ֣ڱ̨ѵ˲ɣһͽŭ˵ֻ˿̵ԡѪɫ
ǸܶԸ񱤣նͽһ
ʦϵ𣿡ʵľ֣һն֮ˣĿҲڴĿա
ȴҡҡͷΪʧ䡣
Ǳ붯ʦʱչأߣ̨ǿɱȥңңַ֮նŶԸ񱤣˳𣬱رĿ͸һѪ֮⡣
ĵ˵ͷ漴Ŀַ㣬һַ㣬ʲô뷨
ʦְţַ˵˾䡣
ճ£漴ڣڴ˵ңȥ쿴ʦǷ˱չأַ㡢а죬һ𡣡
΢΢ͷַ㡢аĪˣ״ӣ̤졣
һȥַ㿴ĪͶȥһĿ⣬յĻȻ״ʮλʦеһλǰûм
ĪһϮǳۣƲһλģǷɾ࣬мֳֻ֮ʱĿҲַͬ㣬΢ЦŵͷСʦһȻ
ʦ־ͱɷˣַ΢Цҡͷһƿ죬ɽ֮ϣңԶĴׯƺ
οĿ⿴ˣٴѯһ
ʦָ𣿡ĪϴһĨɾǳЦ͸䲻ǹâ
ţ΢΢ͷ
˱ֵѯľʦܷϵϣ˵öʦֳأ̨֮ȫϣڼĻζ񱤳ľʦ⣬˭˼ʦֶɱаɫΪÿ񱤳ݣôô
аղŲǴңŹ𣡡
ţ񱤵ǿƣҿܻزôǿڼų̆аӦ˵
Ϊֵôѵ㲻ǻЦʵ
ֿܣһڼ飻ڶڼ飬Ҳһ񱤣ľʦֶ壬͸¶ɵʦ֣ʵҪһ򾡣ԣⱩ¶ҲΣĪ˵
˵ĺãֻֿܣңڶֿܣ󣡡գʵһ㲻ա
ַ㿴Լλʦ֣а̾ûһ򵥰
ǸаĮһǵڶֿܣ񱤣ѵҪ̨ô
֪ıҲȥɣǱ㿴񱤣̨ƽĿһâޱߡ
ȥ׼һ£峿ңտ˵ʱ˷׷׵ͷ漴˸뿪ַص磬̨ǣƺ˷ŭ֮⣬ԵΪߡ
ַ㣬Σַ캰һ
峿ңַ˵ʱȺһĿ¶ɱâڶյ峿̨֮ϣһȻǵ֮У͸һɱ֮⣬֮УһҾ޴ıշһƷʥǳǿ󣬲ٶȿ쵽˼飬ӵд͸֮
շϣվ̨ǿߣаλ֮׼ɱҡ
ˣ˴ǰܱ·ڣҪ˳ģ̨֣λʦܣǲҪǰΪվշǰˣ˿˵û˳շϣһЩϱ۵֮ˣϴαȺ
տ˳ֵȻˣ
£շƿնȥʻƶˣת˲̨ҵڵķ򿪸


1312 ¡ɱ
ڵԪǣҲ޲Զǧۼҵܱ֮أΪģĿ񱤺̨ս
һ̨飬񱤺Űɱ˸еĶǣ񱤣Ҫ̨ȫ濪սˣҪ̨ԪңΪǼսܶ˶֪ⳡսĽֻΣ̨񱤣ʲ˭Ц
ʱԪǵΧƲ㷭һ֮Ʋ㣬ܹյУпռԾΪ档
쵽Ԫˣʱ˵͸һƷâԶϣ͸ɱ֮ɪ֮С
ǰɽȥĿ⿴¿շ򣬶ʱ֮¿׹ȥȻֱӽһ嫵ɽ֮أûмǰе˼
ĿɻĿգ͸˿˿֮ɫ
פڴˣ˭ȥԪ̽·˶뿪鷽Բ֮أ𣿡Ŀ⿴˵ȺȻ⣬ɵ˵ͷʦôҲΪ˽ǰԪ̽·
а㸺նа˵һа΢΢ͷʾס
졢ַ㣬ǶȥԪǣĿпĪԼַ㣬漴ַĪ׷̤ҲַߣԶɽȥ
Ƭ֮󣬼˵ַֻͣ׵۵ϼһҽ飬Ӧûɣ
İɣ׵˫޴ͫ͸һĨ֮߰⣬漴תɽ¿նȥ
ַ㣬飬û⣿նַʵ
İɣһӦַЦ£϶ĵ˵ͷ
ãȥɣС£նַĪ˵Լȴδ뿪˼
ҪԼǰսôס
ַĪ΢΢һЦַһĨʱһףһһħͷŶʱ˵ʣȫˡ
ַ㣬Ī죬Ҳȫһˣһλ꣬żƮȻ֮
ʦܣǳɣĪ΢΢һЦַ˵ͷ漴˳Ԫǵķ˸ȥ̨ƵǰԪǵģַֻĪ˶ѡ
˸̤Ԫ֮󣬱໥ֿˣֱַӳڵķλ˸ȥ
ûйãַ㿴ңϼ壬ڱң֮ǰĴڣԴս֮ϼʵʼıҸɴӴ񱤡
Ϊƾַ̨ĵλսΪͽҲгͷ֮գַĳɳ̫졢ֲ̫ϴַЯ̨ǿ̤ǣ̨̬ȱףҲַ̨ڣ̨Уǵж
ԣ˽·㲻ʣҲ塣
ַĿ⿴ϼΰĽƽĿżȻһĨ⣬ϡǵ̤˻ĺĵһطҡ
ԪǻԻ͵ңѾ׵̨ĵж棬ַʵн֮£һеԵɣΪַ㣬Ȼ񱤺̨սıûҲ֮¡
תֱַ뿪֮أһľ¥֮У¥˷ǳַ࣬ҪĽ
ߵһλԣѾ˵Ϊһء
£ַվԱߣһ΢΢ͷ䵭˵һ
λҪˣַ³һĮĺʱ˵һĿдżЦ
ǹһָԼıӣĵ
䣡Ȼ䣬ַȭͷɱûκεף磬ƿյļ̶
ңȻû׼һȣȴַȭͷԴϣ̼Ѫӿ˱õȥ
һȻվĿ⽩ӲĶַ㡣
սǿ󣬵δ̫Щɣ˵ַΪأһȭ֮е𺳡
ǣǰԵһȭռ͵һɫ࣬Ȼз嶸Ȼˣ¡¡첻ϣײľȻַȭͷ̫ˣܹ͸ռ㣬Űţֱӽõ¡
һݣȺզ࣬аȴַ㽫˵ץǰĮĵҵõɱ˾ү޻ңʲôҲҲ
¡ַ˵գ㽫͵Ķ˴⣬Եޱȣһַһۣ漴Ҳˡ
˵ʲôʱ¥Ӷַ㣬â˸
ɱ˾ү޻ҵģ
ҿսʱǺᰱ˵˲ɱģûţѵģǴˣŻоҵĿս
һĿⶢַ㣬һδҲ̫Щ¾ȻҴҡڵĳھ¥һ˵ĪǷˡ
һˣȺһǿһַ㣬һ٣˵Ƿˣ˱ַƽ޹һ٣ȥҸܲأ
ǣַ㾹ȻһȡȣȵԼľƣǳңŻϢ
¥˿ַһֱûߵ˼ӿ϶һ·ˣҲû뿪ſ֡
ϣܿҵ˾͵ˣΪ֮ˣȻǣַɲǣʱĿ¶һĨɫˡ
С㣡ַ΢΢̧ͷɨ˵֮һۣ⣬һЩǿߣΪغأ˵棬̸ˣңԷһ֮ˣǿߣѾ㹻ַˡ
㵽ʲôˣΪҪݺңǱһ
ַ㲢δǵĻ˾Ʊ建վĿɨȺ˵ȣȫɱ
£ʱһɺ嫵ıħͬХ˳Ⱥ͵һֻоǵı궼Ҫᡣ
ҵȺüͷ΢壬˵Ϣ˿ֲ
ˢˢ촫һ˸֮˿սˣϧ޷ֻ֣뿪
㻰Ŀɸ߰ϢǿʢΣߵˣءصǿߣѵɱһ䡣
߰ı飡ַЦ£ַɫǵ΢΢һ񣬴˿̵ĶԷһˣ
ұѾŹǣκΣҪѰ·ɱ̨֮ˣң׼ɣ
ַ㣬ַ㣡ɫ䣬Ƿӣ
֪ˣ䣡ֲħͷŶʱ¥һƬڰҵһɫ԰ףַ㣬Ȼַ㣡
ַսţֲ
ǻ֮Уһҽħͷţոһ


1313 ج
ħ֮УһƬħֲͣħⲻϮ֮˵ڣʴǵս־
ַ㣬ȥɫ԰ףüӰͬʱգҪħȻ˿ַгֽһɱںְĽͨɲǻնɱңƺǰӵֻɲ֮䣬һλصǿֱӱնɱս־ʧ룬ܲ
һɱأֻһɫ԰ף˿ﻹ᲻ַȦףû뵽սˣҲַ㣬׹ĺȻûĵ޷ַϣ̫棬Цַߵݵһ̤ҵʱȴܾۺĮӡ
һħлѪϣǿߵͣıոߣʮλߣֻǶݵƬ̣ȫǵǰ
ֳֵַѪĽԼʱǴ˿̾·û˻ţֻи̾޳Ūˣ߸ϵҴС㣬Ԥϵڻĺַ֮ˣʼı䡣
һУҵģַӽһ̣Ǳ۾֮УỬ£ֻҪһͷԾȹַԸıҵˣϧû
¥֮⣬һƬɧ˶֪淢ʲô£ܿ죬ǿһӰֱӳ˾¥˸֮ԶȥȺͷ΢΢һǸղµˣûҵˣȻûɱ
ߣȥȺȴƬ̣û׷¥ȫû˶Ȼǳ¥еʱеĿȫֻо˵š
ˣȫˣһ˵˵һĨ𺳵·ԼǰһʵЩУءصǿߣǣȫնˣǧǣ
ųȹǰǣûп־壬·˯˰㣬ϸ˷֣ǵ۽ǣȻᣬݡᡣ
̨
֮ϣѪ֣Ŀģ̨ˣѹôֲΪҺɱ̨ǿߣһڱ̨룬̨ı٣
ܣȻ˳񱤣̨ôǵģβˣȺа˵Ȼǲ˵ڵģǵģ񱤻ţ̨ҲŹˣڣʼ
ÿһ޴ĺǵĸײ¥еһ̣ʱɫĲ԰ˣһӣʣһŮֱնɱ
ҵ˺ܿ콫¥ռݣɫЩ£̨֣Ŀġ
һʱҸۡһ֮У̫үŵϵһ߾ʬ壬͸һĨĨɱ⣬ǰ¥˱ɱ⣬úһطңʮλǿ߱ն
峤ʱһ˽Ų٣֮УɫѿȻȴͷ˵
˵̫ү³һ
ԪǵĽ׸󣬱ˣȫү˸̧ͷ˵ңҪһǵ壬ϵϵѪնˡ
աաաٵĽŲһ˽̫үһͲ԰׵ɫԽѿ
˵Էδڣ̫үĵ
峤үˡ˵⣬˶ʱ޷˵ȥ
̫꣡ʦֱѵ̫үŭ죬֪ͨ˶һУȫ
̫үſڵģԪǵǿٻһЩǿĲҵ˵֮أʢܹõܶôҵȻҪУȴΪ̨İӡ
˵̫꣬үŴȥȻһµķ䣬źüӰ
˵Ѿƿ̨𣡡̫үһλǵӰ˵
΢΢̧ͷɨ̫үһۣ𣿡
ң̫үŭԣ֮ȫصģΪԷŵĻ˵εƿ̨̨һŴ̫ү˳صͷʵȻеĲһ̨û湥ɱҵˡ
˶̫үţ޷͸̫үоǳڣкܲڣ˵Ŀ뿪̫үϣĵٵȵȰɣѾԪˣֻ˽Ԫ̽·ѣ˶ҲǱ̤ңʱ𣡡
£˫ɱţƴ˿ռ䣬䡣
仰ұˣҵȻ񱤵ʵһΣնɱǣ̫үͬ䣬޷Էйֻܽų̆ϣ̨׼ɣ
ΧƬ嫵Ŀյ֮ϣżȻ߹ԵøİȻڴʱһɰƣ¡촫ѣһӰӿ׹ݺݵ˵ϣ˿̣Ѿһʬ塣
ҴĻͷ΢΢鴤£ǿǵʬɲǣʱɫ԰
үү
ɫ԰׵֪δֻǴվǣټļ壬֦ҶïвˣԪлԾүƺǵλնҵϵѪ˰ɣ
ûйãͻأ䣬һƥһʬ壬ֱӳҳȥ֮˵ٴβǷ·ܵڲϿֻֿţ˸еľ
żȲҵ˶ȹһʱ䣬ҹ֮У֪жХǸеĿ£Ȼеǿ߳ʱȴָץˣֻӵܵʬںҹ
ֻֿŵĸоԽԽǿˣΣжһ̨ˣ
ˣû֮˶ôţʵϣǶľη֮ģ͵ȥҲΣ񣬱ˡ
񱤺ҵǿ߶ʼڵȴ̨ǰȻǵȵģֻм߱ʬ壬߽ң·ټңΪͣʬ֮ء
תۼ䣬һʱôȥˣ̨Ӱûֻ֮˵ʬ壬ֻֿŵǿˡ
Ǳ̫үһجģȭͷݺݵԼ̫ʦϣʱķѣվһ߽ĻżУʶˣҪ̨̨ûǰĴ㣬أ
ʱ䣬ǲҴɱȥ񱤵̫үһ𸴣ΪҲʶͬ⣬̨ܿںأ
ԪɽУ̨˶һɽ֮ϣգˣ
ʦ֣ʲôʱɱȥң˿ǰƽգƺĲ
ջعͷһۣЦΪҪɱȥǸ𣡡


1314 ĩ
ɻ󲻽⣬ַĪ˶ǰԪУѵȥ֪ͨ񱤵˲ɣ
ʦַ֣Īʦȥ񱤵ˣ᲻Σգɰüͷ
˭˵ȥ񱤵ˣЦ£ɰɻ󲻽⣺ʦô˵λ֪
Ҳ˻֪ͨҲ˵յ˵һһֻվȺˣѾȫǻطλʦаǰһɽ
ڼ飡ȺһʦڶԸڼ飬ƾͼơ
˷׷վаңȻյĿȴĿˣˣаʦ֮ܰأλʦܹҵ⣡
Ȼ
ʦ֣ɣ
յ˵ͷһУļƻ£ĿתտааʵǿаʦǰһɽʦһڴˣˣһǱ㳷롣
ףа׷׵ͷ漴аȥǰԼĵص㣬պ
ʦ֣ˡֱԣǿǴ˴Ȼ˲ǿߣƺЩȺȥ֮ؿ˵
յϣϥڵȻ
յĻһʦֵ˼ǣǻԮ
ʱˣʦȻףʣջӦһ漴Ҳտڲԡ
תۣѾ˵ڶҹҶԣֱجΣ̨֮ˣƺ޿ײ룬һ߾ʬңҵϿգ·һŨˣͻȻУĨɱȥѰ֮ʱȴҲκӰӣ·ûˡ
̨֪ˣңỳɱָɵġ
˿̣ҹ֮УȴһƬž
˽ҹجҪˣ˵񱤵ˣ̨ܲܽ𡣡ʱһ֮УӰƷ裬žơ
һЩġ˱裬üͷ壬ƺв˳
ʲô
ǰԪԸ̨ңǲҲҪǿǰȥʱңǿ飬̨ɱʱ٣ңΣգΪģ񱤣˵ɱ̨֮𣬵һԸ̨ңЩðˣ̨սʤңҪˡ
Ȼѡ·Ѿû˲ˣֻк񱤹ˣĵҲûеȥүӰɣһ˿˵΢΢˵ͷ漴һȥ
Ȼ̤ż˲䣬һӺҹţ̹ǣһ˲ǵ׹˱֮Уһ̵Ƿ·ҪϢԴֹͣת
Ѫ֣߳ҹ֮ƺһĨХǣȴˣֻżڹ֮£ܿһĨӰӡ
Ƭ֮һӰ˸ѪеӰҵǿһɫѾ֪ǶڱĨɱˣԷֶ̫ˣӰΣÿҹ٣ң·ͳΪ˶Է֮أϵĻǵеķߡ
ȺĿ⿴үӣȴүתȥû˵һ仰
һҹޱȵټҼû˯ǵĵ˯֮󣬾ԶһĨ֮ʱϲĴôİ죬ֽˣ֮جΣý˰ɣĮ̃ǱǨͬ񱤵ǿ߳ǰ֮ء
ңһҲһУս̨ӵܵʵͱдĵطһ磬ټУս̨֮ϣһǿ߻ۣ֮ѪۣԵǷ͸һĨĨɱ֮⡣
ҵǿһڴˣ֮⣬һЩǿߣϢȣս̨ϵȺԷΪӪ
ǣֻս񱤵һλĿ⿴̫үһ
ǱһЩ˷⼸ɱҲУǵȵλǰԪĄ̊́мɱҿ飬֣̫֮ү˵
ңƾ֮ټԯǿ߲룬ͽ̨ôܹܣȻȫ
񱤵΢΢ͷĿǲ޵Ȼˣǳɣ
˵գֻĽŲһ磬ڿնһ̣ǿ߷׷ڿգƶˣԪעĿ񱤺̨Ҫս
񱤵˿Ԫ⣬̫ү˿ɰܣڴһսˣƾ˴񱤵ǿӪ͵ƣԯǿߣһսӦûģ̨ɡ
֮ˣս̨̫үŭһʱ˳˷ɢȥڣȫˣȴսʤ飬Ǳˣֱ̨֮ɱ
һӰ۵ս̨֮أԽԽ࣬ʣȺȻڴ˿̣֮⣬һ嫵Ϣֱ񷣬ֲޱߡ
䣡̫үĿⶸȻһ漴֮ȫܵɺ嫵Ϣĺˮް㣬ҪҶûϢϢ
Ϣ̫үɫ԰ףȻҲǿߣǣ̨Ȼܱȵġ
̨˭ˣ̫үѾ㹻ǿսңǣ̨ƺһλǡ
ʱȺ̧ͷֻһ񷣬漴նɱ£һ̣嫵ң·мѿϢݻһУĽ籩ս̨ķ֮أԶһУ˻ǽȫڽ֮С
˿̫үɫ԰ף͵ڿ˱ܣ˷˸һӶĽ⽫ս̨룬ڳǰӣǻ𽣹ˣֱӱ˺ѵݻٵӰ١
ÿֲĽһ˶ܵϢУ𣬾˵Ľ첢ͬǽѼ֮գǣĩա
̨ı٣
ԶһӰڿգݵӰǷͬ㣬ɾ࣬һЩ³ǾˣǱĿĽ˶֮ܵ
ҡˣȺӰ֮ʱԺͬʱһĩգ١
ҵѡӭ˽յĩգ
̫үЦˣЦӰɲǣ֪ˣһĨЦݣҡ
֣һнգҲ̨ȣңûд֣ûд̫үһ̷ûô־ˣ֪һֻؽ̤֮ǿ̤ң˭ֵܵڼǰնˣʱΪԶûеֵز
磬жԴֵ³һƽ̫үɫһͣɺЦû磬ʲôԴ


1315 ʤһ
һգԪǵ˻ټĳǱΧ֤ź̤֮ķˣҲ֤ҵĻ
пҺ̨Ħ˶֪ģ˵ַգѡսѳ̨Ҳ˵Ļ̨̫֣ΪӶԸսȻһȴ񱤲˶̨ɱԣյĽ֣ҲΪ棬ֻ˵һСܿܣܣǻ
Ԫ⣬ַĪ̤շ֮һ̤Լڵɽ֮ϣ񱤺̤֮ҵһ̣ǱҲͬʱظˣʦֱֺ㹻ˣһˣңԡ
ˣյĿⶸȻĿ⿴ַԼĪ졣
ʦַ֣˶յͷʱǣȥ˻ϣ
ףȻڿգԶ˸ȥһ·֮ϣֻպˡ
ʦ֣ж𣿡տʵ
񱤺ҵˣ߶һαϣһж޹ذ㡣
üͷһ漴ֵʦ֣ȻˣǲҲλʦֵһϣ׼ս񱤣
أʱ򣡡ƽһĮȻ֮⡣
յĻشվźȺɽȥƺ˵Ӱⲻɵüͷʦ֣ʦֵȥˣ
յתϣôоǳȻ
Ļƺе࣡
ЦŵҺʦ֮˽٣ǱھǰȥϣʦΪΣ
Ѿˣ³һɫһ¡¡촫漴㿴Զľų߿ȻΪ׵ľţʵֲ
ʦ֣ʱ߻ʲôʱ򣡡Ҫ뿪
̨֮𣡡յл³һĽŲȻ佩عͷĿգһ̣Ŀⷴû˽Ǳƽ¶һĨЦݡ
嫵Ϣɽ壬֮Уһǿվǣ¿գɽ֮ϵӰ
գΪ֮ĿĮ͸һĨ֮ɫĿɨ
ôȷңĿ⿴ʵ
ȷֻǻɣ㹻ˡƽûа㲨
ô˵ΪԼܴһ͸ƽ֮⣬񱤵˳ɲǣһѾ˵ˣΪ񱤻ɽ壿ֻպղڼ飬ôȻϣܹȷλõӡǣ񱤵ƿء
ˣ񱤣ƿλã൱ƿ̨٣ֻûԤϵ̨еҪѶԸЩ
˫ֺʮǳһ̨Ŀͽ𣬸ֵˣ
ĿⶸȻһ漴ֻʢնȾɽɫǿֲĽɫֱʸϣʱ𣬳Ͽնȥ
ֲķ貶Ŀվ֮أһĿĽɫͼʥƵµɲǣĿĹ̼䣬嶳ᣬɫ
ƣŭһ飬һƽɫƻĴϰ롣
Իʥƣһ³廯⣬ʥ֮Уʱ޾ĹâĿޱߣȥһҽ屻âǧٿףһֱϥ⣬ʵ²ʥƣգֻһƻꡣ
񱤵һλǿ̽޴ֱץѾˣʥ֮һֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬
ֻ̨Ϊ桢ңǿ뵽յĻɫ԰ףңˣ
ǵģڳ鴤
ʦ֣սĿ⳯񱤵ȥɫ֮࣬ԲǺ㱻ɱ
̤·֮ʱ͸Լߣ֮ģᣬսһۣս죬΢΢ͷԲӰҵ֮·Ǵ˳ҽձر
صȵ̨½ɱҵˣͬʱգǲǫ̀սʱֳ̨ûңȷıóѣǣ̨ƺҲ̫Сˣһâ߰ɣ̨ûȥ̫Զڵҵ˻ϣڣǱȥ𣡡
Ļսʱâţɱ磬̨û̫Զ
ˣֻһ̤ǰȥ̨
һӰ˸Զȥն·͸һѹ֮Ϣ
²̨˵ȷûлȥھ֮һɽϿ֮УƬϿ涼ɽڣƺΣԱ˲̨˲⡣
ʦ֣⵽ô£˶ʵչ
棬ѱɱƽĻӦ˵һұˣУȻ桢ڼ顣
ԭ̨ʱƺֵΪҪǰѵҲı
ȻΪγܳǵԤϣԣϣǰݳյĻشоҲа񱤣ȻҪ̨
Ϊļƻ𣡡˿̣ϿϵɽڷһȺĶĤʱ˵ɫˣ񱤵ˣ
һ嫵Ϣӣ̧ͷ֮ʱ㷢񱤵ǿ߽٣ǿƵϢϳ¿ս䡣
գ㻹ΪԼܴ𣡡񱤵Įʵ
ɮյüͷţڶǿ߽ٵʱͫ׷·ҪݽȥԸң˭ǵ𣿡
䣡Ӱ֮ͬȥ·չ¾ʱ˵
죬ȻˣȺĿһеӰ¶ŭɫյĿⷴƽЦǵ࣬˽һʧˣ𣡡
ȻϿѽﲻö㣬ȴҪϿȾأһȺϧˣû
ҲԸʵֵģƽ˵漴ϿȵϿգ֮շӡѣһƮȻݵӰ
֣񱤵ǿ̧ͷüͷ΢£ͬʱϿ·̨Ⱥվʯ̨ͻȻͷųĿ֮⣬ʯ̨һҾ޷շ
ϿУôǣһĮлص漴ĿĹâ֮Я̨˵ӰȻʧϿ֮Уմһֱ̣ӳϿȵϿգ̨񱤣һλã


1316 ɫʥ
Ŀ̨ǿ߾ôʧ֮У񱤵ıѾƺûеôף̨һ֣ҲѾԤϵ̨ڼ飬ֻһˡ
̧֣ͷ񱤵ǿ߿Ѿ̤֮ĺ֣Ŀ͸źâ
𣬿Ц̨зΣ񱤵һλɫĿ͸ǿҵ֮⣬ڿգȵϢ֮䣬ƬգƶһɿҰȡŰꡢҰ
ɱȥһӰ³񱤵ǿ߳гֵֻؽ˿ѾӶֻ֮ŶϿϿյڰݣȺ·𿴵ֻ֮⣬һֹĻϵĳ氼ȥ쵽޵׵ԨУ·һƬռ䣬ֻؿռ䡣
ֻأֵֻԨԽԽˣ񱤵ǿͷ΢漴Ϊ׵ǿߺȵ俪ɽӲȥ
ǿߵİԵֲΣɽΧƵϿȣôصסǣһɽ嵲סǵ·ǱֱӺ俪
ơƣһԵɽڼصҰԵĹɽ֮ϣҪɽ俪ȻֲĹɽڵɲǣɽͻȻĿ貣·ǲһɽһ޴Ĺһ·֯һǿߵġ
ʥƣ
ңڵʥͼһɽڣܵɽһͬʱȺ·оһɿֲĺڰϢҪ˳
һҽֻ֮һ˺ʥ֮ϵֱ۸˺ڰ棬ǿֲĻ˳ֱӣת˲佫ҵĺϿлصĴ̶
˺ȫ˺󣡡ŭ֮ͬ㣬͸һĨ֮⣬վϿмһȺۿʥͼɢЯſֲĺɫ档
䡢䡢䡭һ̣ɫʥͼͬɽ鱬㣬ɽϺХ˳ֻ֮䣬ɽԵӰȫûںڰĻ֮ȼ
𣡡
ַ·һγǿߵУ𣬲Ǻֵֻ֮һеʥ
̨ƺûܹôǿʥưɣ֣ҲܣΪ׵Ŀޱߣ̧ͷȥ˭һеʥ
ƾͼƣ̨Ͽ֮Уټյһ̨ĿֻΪԼɱͽһУΪȻûֲʥƣκεĹƶǶģһı䲻ʲôΪֲʥƣһУһˣ
񱤵Ϊа̾һ˲䱻ʥĨɱȺо΢ʹЩˣ񱤵ľӢǿߡ
ȫΪ׵ŭһһУһ֮Ȩȣ͸һɹ·һҰ㡣
Ȩȳ֣ʱȺĳ˸ʵĻȨȡ
ҺԯһЩǿȻѹ񱤵ôˣ񱤳˰λӢԯҵսټϻȨȣǫֲ̂ʥȻǳ֮˵Ԥϡ
Һȥǿɨһɽ֮ϵʥ֮𣬱Űޱȣڳм֮ȥƺҪƬռ䶼ټϺֲֻԨҪ·µţ̨Ҫ
ɱȨ֮УɫĹ⻪ѪŶӰŭХЩ·㣬צÿһǧףֲޱߣңǿ˷·ҲϣһͷֲӰˣӰУϿȥ棬Ψһĳ롣
𡭡һֲľ޴ſޱȿµצֻԨץȥǿֲצ·ܹץ񷣬ƿ
¡¡ֻԨȻϿպֵֻؽƺ趯ԨԽԽֲǰֱȥӰ޾ֻԨ޷ץѡ
Ȩ֮ϣ·ӰͷţҪԨֻءǵ򣬶Ҫ
һ𹥻ֻԨΪ׵ǿ߿˵һӰں죬ȨȣҲ뵽ϡ
𡢺𡭡Х֮죬˿ˣֻԨͬʱŵǿȫʼԼĿֲǶֻԨȥ
ԨƣһŭХǧɣƬ֮ϣֻʣͷ֮ӰǿֲԨǣצԼβֻԨ֮ϣǵѿԨ顢ѿ񱤵ǿֱӳ˳һοտգоƬ죬ƺ˼֡
񱤵ǿ³Ϣ˫ޱȾ޴Ķźֻ֣ؽڰ˻ľΪһµİ˻ʮѾ˦˲ˣֲָ̤ˣֲֻԨûһУʹûҪϾƿ
ǵȵ̤ػ߾أһľΪ޵ԢΪ֮£޵С
˻ģҲͼӵ޵ĳƺţ
̨ǿһֵ̤̤ߣһſֻʮ˶ѣֻΪ񱤣ּĴս޷˵ġ
ܲЩƣ˫ֺʮ͸ŷ⣬ɱȷʵ㹻ǿĵϡ
죬ǻλ̨ļϸ˵΢΢һ漴ǰ
Ͽ֮˿µʥ󷨣Ϊʲôǲ֪񱤵˫֮ˣͷǱһ𣬶ǰɽ壬ֻաַ㡢Ī뿪ˣղǵ֪ǰʥƣ
պпɲòʥƣĪַ㣬ܣӱ䣺һ䲻֪Ϳ񱤾޴ʧǣΪǵʧ
˻ѾˮȴĵҪΪߣԼˣҪǺã
ֲɱŶͷ͵˸Ҫ룬ȻǵΪߣӵõצɱ˵ֱӱµľ޴צ֮ϡ

Ǳ촫ɺѪֱӱ飬
Ǽϸ³̨͸ЦΪ񱤰̨ߣ̨ãȴУôϷ绯Ľ֣ţҲĿɣ


1317 񱤵ͬ
Ȩ֮ںϣ񱤵µһֿµľ磬޽ӽˣǸ޵ε̨ȺаղŵĺɫʥǿߣԷʣ˶ʮλӢϢȣΪƿ¡
̨˼λ״⣬ܹǿˣĲ࣬⻯ΪǿԺͺֶԿ̨ʵԵЩ㡣
ʱǿĿⶢź֣˫޴ӺƱܽ˶ȥԵüһС֮⡣
֣̤ΣЩʵԶˣľûУ⻯Ϊǿֱսľ·޲һ򾡡
ԸǣҪʦ٣ƽ˵ǿһŭ֮˳Х֮ɽѡһϯ˳̨ǿ˳ͬʱ֮Ҳֱ˺ֶȥ̤ĺֲĵˡ
ҡ̨ȺϿգµľ޴צ͵ĳźֿɱȥͨʯ֮Ϻ¡
ɢֺһʱ̨Ⱥ໥佫͵ˣǿսĲֲ̫Ӵ󣬹̨֮ͣ˲ֿĻԸֵͬʱþβɨˡ
СУձͳ㣬ȥӣյǰһλ񱤵ǿ֣߳ͬһλȻûг׵⻯ΪȻȫһ֮ףֲ֮С
շ·ûԷĻ㣬˫ֺʮ³ʢһ񣬷գ·޾Ľɫ
ɱŭһûʹκεͨǸ׵ֱ۶Ȼ쳤տɱȥ𵴣Ұ⻯ͨΪǺһԵص㣬Ǳǿ
ȻղδܣϣһӶ·Ҳ֮ӿɻƽעĴ׳ֱ۳ŶԷֱۺɱȥײɲǣһ˲䲻֪˶ٴΣһɼϢʵʰĹĻŰɢȥԱߣֱܹӴݻ١
ߣһƬɽϿգ˿̳Ϊս˶ҵԼĶִս񱤵ǿȻҪ̨ΪЩʵˣǳ֮뿪սԼδڻսʱ
ַûȥ˿̵̤ıϣ֮Уӱ䣬Χλǿߡ
񱤣λǿɱΪֱǣλءһλأ⵹濴
ϼһǿַĿɨһս̨ȷƣǺҲһϾʦָ̤ãȻԷȴںϵ޵ˣԷںϻȨܹ񱤵սһֲĲΣǣֲӲҪɱ֣ûô򵥡
ã˫һ˿ɫȻڿգսˣԶХ룬ٶȾǼĿ죬Ǵص̤֮ʱ·͸һ֮⣬֮жһص·ת˲ɢڿգ޷֡
׷񱤵λǿһҧַ׷ȥû뵽ٶô졣
ϸĻ֣ᷢ˿ɫ΢΢鴤£ƺЩ׷ΪǶַ㣬콣Ϊƣǣмˣɱ֮һַ㣬ǲò׷
ܿ죬ַһһ˼򣬸ܵ׷ᣬַзһâ洫ϼһɲʱôҸɵ˶񱤵ǿߣأҶѶԸˣԣֽһ£
ģͷ֮۰ɱַ֪˼Ȼ˾ħֶǲܼ˵ģ򴫳ȥ˭֪ǿ˰˻ʵĵʿˡ
ףַ嶸ȻͣĿת׷ɱӰзһЦ
˿ַеЦһɲǳɵַ콣ʣȻûѡ
ɱХųַдŭХ֮һֱ֮գצҪַԴץѡ
ȻȴַûаĻң΢΢һĨĻȡ
¡ֱץգȻַȴͻȻǵǰԶ·ŲƣϢ
ħ򣡡һʱһƬλ񱤵ǿߣȫֽ֮Уħ
ƿһ֮³
ҵĺ֮ڣϱһڵħǣȼΪޡ
ɫ˲òҰף֮гֵӰַ㣬ǣһλħĵʿǴ˵еĵʿ
ܿ죬ҽ֮½ħʧ֮ʱַһЩָǳ񱤵ѾΪҽ
ɵĲαۣǻȥַ㵭ȻһЦһһٶȳսأսһƬռ䶼üĿ꣬񱤵ǿ߿ַߣʱͷ΢ˣַնˣ
ô£񱤵ǿгһĨɻ֮⣬ǲδܵ콣ĿֲϢַλǿʧġ
֣ŵģ𣡡³һ֮ĻȨȣ⻯ӵޱȿµĹ֮޵еĹ
ǣϣһٶ£ٶȿ쵽׽ٶȣѾɱλǿߣںսļ϶޵йȴ׷Ϻ֣ңһҪɱ̨ˣֱ˸뿪
ִĻ·ǿȨһ
㻹Į˵Ҫ̨һ򾡣ôףڣѾʧ߰λǿߣ̨һû
һΪ콣̨δ콣ǽȥ޴ַϣ񱤵ǿ͸ź⣬˲µûַ콣ʹãİɣ
Ļ£ַͷ΢˲³ˣ
Ȼսվ¶ţǰ˲³ˣټϽִսûʹ콣ƲҲ
ַ㣬콣ʹüأٶʵַ¶һĨЦҲʱһ㣡
𣬽ǲʹãûлˣĮĵ漴Ǿ޴צʱһſռͼף貶ĿĿռͼƮյУ漴һӰ˳ַ΢΢ԭǣ
̨񱤵ĶԹҿԲܣգַҪˣ֮УһԵЩ̤ӰȻҵǿߣ


1318 ޵
ǿݣ̨Ⱥ΢񱤾Ȼ֣ҺԯֻǵĸӹңǵͬˣѹҪɱ̨ˣֺľ١
ǧУ֮Ϊ֮ˣĿⶸȻһ¶һƲȻǧԳҶַ㣬ڱصãһҪɱСʦܡ
ң֣̤֮ǰ;Ԥ˵ǰ㣬̤֮ҲΪ㣬ַ̨㣬£Ҳ룡ǧĿ񣬳ƮźֻڣȻ̨ӻַ㣬̨ҪΪˡ
ôĿ̨ǿ΢ƺʦֶ
⻯Ϊ֮͸һĨЦݣҪַ̨ô
̨Щ˵ƢѵԣܣΨпսʣһսңһԸ̨
ǿ˻ľ޵֮һǧУһƮַУյȻַСģȻ޵ж֣ôʵȻĿ£֮£޵С
޵ַ˫͸һĨ⣬Ϊɱ񾹳޵֪ңǱɱ죬أΪѩ֮¶׼ŭѩ¹ҵʧ̫ʹˣһУַѲĹϵַͽֱӳֻǿԼһͼס
ң濴Сʦܣ֮Уһľ޴һâľˣ
ȻһӰ̤ûκŵϢƽޱȣǧеĶ棬дһĨǳЦ
ľǧĿ΢һƲľͬΪ˻ľ޵ʵȻӹɣǣδһ̣ǧеһս˳
ҪɱˣľҲסǧ³һ
ҪɱˣҽˣҪȥѣľͬڣǧԣ޵İԵʲڣǿΪΪǿֳֻҲ塣
ţǧĿ⻺תϡ
ŻΪľ޴͸һĨҰ֮ɫ΢΢촽ľұУҪɱУ֡աַ㡢аȻܹȫɱ֮ȻѾսβնݳ
ǧ΢΢ͷ漴ٶȿľʵҸһλᣬҪҳ֣ߣ̨Լַ㽻
ϣΪԼڣľĻشΨһ䣬Ҫˣô
Ȼˣţְɣ
ǧл˵Ǿ޴͸űЦݣգ̨
Ѫ̨һͺֻ֮ž޴ſ³һѪɫ̨ɺޱȣ·ѪɣĴĿ
Ѫŵ³һʱ񱤵ǿ߸ԼָһѪ̨ƮȥʱѪ֮ǵأѪ̨ҡϣӿ֮УޱȾ޴̨Ѫ̨֮УһͷѪɫ˫ӣ䵽Ϣ
񱤣Ȼ̨óˣľ͸һĨâݣҪ̨ء
𡭡һŭХʱѪ̨֮еѪ˰㣬һֲХʱĹľֶȥľ΢΢
ˣǵѪɫ˲Ϣľϣ̨ǿֻľ嶸ȻʧˣѪɫһʧٳ֮е̨ȥľȻ̨֮УѪţľϣſµѪɫ⻪
ǧУˣŵľ޴ͫ¶Цݣǧ˵
Ҿǣǧе͸һĨ֮⣬һ嶸ȻʧԭأַֻоԼǰ𵴣¶һޱȵľâ
Сģŭһ˵һ촫廮һӰַʧԭأǧеֱӳղ֮أץλã𵴲ݣƳһ֮ɫ·ռѿˣ
ûǿֲĲҲûоҵĺ¡¡һĨ֮ɫȴ޷סͷ˺ա
Ǽ޿ռ壬ܹ˺գз𣡡ɫӲ޵ʵ޵ƿصǼ޿ռ壬ܹգ˷ѷȥռ嵽ֲΣĿ¡
𼱣ֵ֣ģǧеĿ΢΢Ƴ˺һۣԵ޵ӵпʸƿļ޿ռ塣
αۣô⣡ַ洫˵˺յ̫ˡ
ƿż޿ռ壬ܹ˲ƶ˺ѿռз𣬸޽⣡ظ˵ַɫÿȻ޽⣬޵ӵ޵гƺţ̫ǿˡ
ɱôˣӵ𣡡ǧб˵ʱһһǧепʼƬջһεĴַ֣ץȥһƬգΪá
մֳץ޿ܣˣմһֱ
ѵͲ뽿ַĺ
ɱ㣬Ҳһֱʲô𣡡ǧе͸һĮ֮⣬ַ㰵һúݣΣһҪնַ㡣
ˣֵ磬ַȥ
ľֹɱˣ𣡡ǧб˵һֱ̤ӳ˺ֵǰƿ۳𵴣ڵѷٶȸ֣Ҫֵûȥ
ֵɫ΢䣬ֻؽնɱ͵ĺˣܿǿµѷ죬ǷգΨʸ̤С
˲֪ȴ׺ܶ಻Ϊ֪£ܶ˴δ˵ʴսʵʵԼսǳ޿ռս
ߣǧһֱʧԭأַɫ԰ף޵ǰûκεֿΨУ콣
ʣһַʹ콣Ŀ֮ҫƬأޱߣΧȺͬʱâ콣ֳˡ
ַ㣬ܹʹ콣ģ
ɱ콣նɱһֲĳ罫ǰһжҪǣǧвûгǰǣĺ档
콣ȷǿܹɱ޵ܹģǽ콣κãһƮַĶУַɫӲתҵ޵ǧУ콣Ը


1319 ʽ
޵޽ӽʣټİ˻ľ޵ʻҪ٣ɼ޵ϡ٣Ϊַ콣ңҲ޵ǧԳ
ַĿⶢǧУǧжԿռƿأҪܣܲԷƾɲǳܹ˲˸Էղһ̤ܹ粻֪ԶҪսĻ콣⣬ûκܹˣʵ̫ˡ
һΣΣԴӵõ콣ַܾûǿҵΣˡ
콣ֻˣַ콣³һɱ
ǣַĻ£һĿâգǧкɱȥ콣ŭХ͸գ˲併ǧеǰƺַĻҪɱǧС
ÿֲȺа˵콣ǿʢӹɵģû޵֣ƾҪɱַ㶼ѣѩµʱҵһλͻһ콣Ǻܺõӣҳ޵ҲǲѶΪ֮
ǧһǰɱʱǰպبһ֮·ǿռʥǰնס
䣡콣ײµ𵴣֮˷ɢȥ콣ʥƺ֮أһڵѷ졣
͡͡촫ռʥҪ콣ƿ޿赲̺İͬǼް塣
ǿûܿƣҲǶ࣡ǧб˵Ȼջأ漴صӡǡ
꣡ʥ飬콣ǧдɱҪǧû
𣡡ǧе˫ֶȻһţʱǰһĺڰ֮У͸һɹɿݼϢ޵Ŀռ䡣
͡콣һţû뵽֮У漴ݼѷպϣ콣ʧ˵֮Уǧз޿ռ档
ˣַɫһ޿ռ䣬޵Ĺܹռ䣬̫ˣ콣ô
ͣһȻͷţǧе˫΢΢һ漴ղȻ̤ʧԭأ뿪ɲǣһâɵĽдɱĿޱȣȻ콣
ˣַ֮¶һĨϲ⣬ûȻ޵ǿܹƿռ䣬ô콣ȻҲһܹƿǽ֮УҲƿռ
ǧе΢΢£Ե΢Щ⣬֮ȻΪλҵ·⽣ƺܹŹ֡
ݲ룬콣ɱͬѸ֮ͣгֿҰ׵籩˺һеĿֲ쫷硢մĿռ֮콣ƺŭˣǧдɱȥ
һ֮Ҳţǧһղٶ̤˲Ϣǧ֮⣬Ȼ콣϶ȻҲɱ׷ɱȥգۼ㵽쵽˼顣
ոǧŭХһʱ𵴣ǰһƬռ䶼·Ŀֲˣ콣𵴶ȥҪס
ͣ콣ͻȻʧһ̳ѾǧеǰɹâĽɱǧбУ޵ҲҪ콣̫ˣ
ǧеüͷĽһ
ָоԵĲǽһˣ

Ը㣬ҲҪնַ㣡ǧһٶʧղһѤĻȣַɱȥ쵽һӰ㡣
ֳֻؽҪȻȴŭХһǰĶ֣ң
̧޴צźȥͬһޱȿֲɽ죬֡
һӰʧɽĿֲ˿մŵľ޴ȴֻЦݣ޵ǧڣȫҪ
ǧпֺճַǰŭһƳǰƳĿռֱײںֺյϣֱӺ˵˳ȥ
ͣһ˲콣ֵˣǧеĺȥ
ߣַ嶸ȻʧԭأϷռ䣬Ȼ֮ǰǧҲʧˣ콣ĿֱֲӹᴩƬأǰһȫҪַо콣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ַһʱ콣λַ֮УĿĶǰԶǧӰһ̫ˣ콣Ȼ޷κεǶԷƿż޿ռ壬ƿ޵Ҳ콣ܹԸ
ֳַ콣ĶԼǧĿ͸ЦҪúˣұնλʦֵܣ
˵գǧгȥ嶸Ȼʧԭأ̫ˣ޿ռ壬۾޷϶Էٶȡ
ȥַŭһ콣ٶȺХ׷ǧУԶԷĿʵܹɱˣɱ
ɺޣ񱤳˴Ȩ֮⣬Ȼһֲ̨Ѫ̨з·ӡĿѪ
նֵǰһնֻ֣Ȼȴǧֻĳһƣ𵴣飬ֻ֮ⶼ޿ռ÷顣
콣ͬʱˣǧɱȥǧбһЦȻһ촫֮з·һ֮ӣǧеǰռһĿӣ˺콣ûȥ
ҿӣǧп۳һռַ֣ץȥĿռһӿַ˸ʧԭأȻǿռգַ㣬һ촫ַ嶸Ȼһǿռֽס
һַ̣ɫʱò԰޵ǰַУ޷⣬ĵٶ࣬ҲûãʵϵľԲࡣ
ɣǧŭһռֿɱַ㣬̨Ⱥɫò԰ҪǧеĿռ֮Уַ»ᱻɷ顣
ţǧе΢΢һ·һεĿֲ֮赲ƿɱַ㣬Ŀռ֣Ȼ޷շѹȥ
𣡡һг֣漴ȺһӰ֮У̨֮¶һĨϲɫʽ٣
ǧСšλһλ޵Ը̨ӵܣݣʵ֮͸һĨ֮⣬Һɵݣ̫ݶˣҪ̨ȫ
ǰ֮£ʣɲ֣ܲģ̌ͷеʣûκεη֮⡣
޵ַأ֮٣ѵַҲͬ͸ŵĺ⡣
ʡУ֮£ϣ˻Լ֮ʲô£ʶò֣ѵǰˣǧл˵
һ˻ԼѵѪ̨ʵı
ҵΣʣ󱲵飬㻹ĪҪֵĺãһг֣漴һӰ̤˳ȻȻ񱤵ʣʣ


1320 ַ㣬
˿̵ѪɫۣϰԵ֮⣬ĽŲһ磬㵽ǰ
˫ʣȺһ˴ɱжȻλʣ̨ʣʣɴ˿ɼ񱤶ڸ̨ľģжǿңԼ١
Ѿ̨ʺʵĵڶײˣʵĿģɱ̨ĵ֮⣬ʵΪѹʯʡȻ˵Ļ񱤣˴β˾ġ
콣ٶȴг˳ȴǧеͷϿգַɱǿռֿסβƣʵ޷ҡǿֲմ֡
ַĲԶ˶Ӳͣ˸ÿʳ֣Ҫַ㶼ܣʹõƣʷֵĻַҪ֮أǽǰ˻İλʵ׷ɱ
ң־漴ʹõƣҲһá
꣡ʱ֮еѪ̨һ죬·Ҫѿһʵüͷ£漴ЦǧУǵɣʲ᲻˰˻ڻʵԼֵģ
ãǧ¶һĨЦ⣬漴͵һҪַշѹѣȻûãƣȻ޷ȥշַ㡣
֮У𲻾ô³һɫȻһ䣬һɺ嫵Ϣ˳΢Щ£ʵʲ᲻˰˻֮Լɣ
ղ㿪ڣƺѾǲ˰ɣĵ
㲻Ҳǧַ𣬱˴˶ѣ㲻ٳֽ֣ҾԲ֣Цһ
ǧһֻ͵ĲռŭХѣǹɿݼ֮Ϣٶȸ֣Ŀ£ǧУҪַ֮ȥַѷ
ɱ񱤺֮ˣؽڣַ㿴ڵѷ³һ
ַĻȺĿһҺǷЦǿߣ·𶼸ַܵķ콣ԸǧУǣ콣´ɱǡ
ͣ콣·ҲַܵϵһĨ񣬶ȻɱһҵǿɱȥֱӴ͸գ쵽˼ĵز
ǣ˿ɲ޵ǿߣ޷콣ٶᲢֲۣ콣ɺ⣬նһҵǿߣ
ǧһû뵽ַ㾹Ȼ´ô콣ԼԼҪַƣչɱ¾
ǧŭХ𵴲ݣϵı˺ѿǹɿֲϢԽԽǿ
ɱַŭһ콣ɱ¾۵Ĺ첻ϣһҺ񱤵䣬ʵɫҲѿ͸һĨǿҵĺ⡣
󣡡̽Ȼȴһǳǧпɱȥ
ʲôŭһƶȻ࣬ʵײһըѣһ޴ĺڰڣĿ£ѷԷɿٶȸԭ
Ҳ棬ѵܸ棡ӱ䣬ʡ
ʦ𣬾ҡһֻʧת漴һžףлһĨϣ֮ɫʦΨһϣ
ꡢǣ콣ŭХǾִϣӡʵԺ֮УΪ죬ʵԽԽ
֪ŭʣôӵַһֻǴԼѣʱ̼ʣʵɫԽԽѿȻûԤϵַַˣ콣ԸǧУҪɱˡ
ߣǧɱַ֮ȻὫ̨Ҳն񱤳Ĳǲ̨ȫľӢ˰ɣʱ˵ƺǧмǵɱˣȻûѣǧҲ֪Լɱַ㣬̨ˣҲҪ
ڰѷ춴ԽԽ£޾֮ǧӱ䣬ַ㣺ɣң𣡡
ǣͬʱ֮еѪ̨·ƿһӰкХ˳һֱǧжȥ
ͣ£һŭľƿˣҪضƷǧӱ䣬ŭһɣ
䣡Ǿ޴ֱ۽ַ˦ѷ֮У̨ȺĿ⽩ӲǿµѷƾĵǸ޷ֹǧеĶ
ȥֻľһʱǧ˿Ƶ˿߳ѷȥҪַס
ֹ˵ģǧնһޱǿҵĿռ֮Уǧ˿Ƶ˿ȫնϵַ㣬
ǧУѰ·ľ³һʱ·޾˿߳ǧжȥ
ǧһŲһ̤ղֱ̤ʧԭأȻǧ˿Ƶ˿߷·ܹ͸գƺ޷ܡ
ƣǧһ֮أ޾Ŀռ֮УնһС
ǧ˿Ƶ˿߷·Χÿһ䣬С
ѣ
͡͡
ľĻ£ǧΧĿռǧٿףȫǿµĶڣǧɫӲľʵеĻҪǿ
ǣ콣ǧдɱ·Ҫǧ֮
ˣһŭ㣬ֻһӰֱӴѷ˳ǧеԭĵط֮ľʱһ
ʣ
ľеӰ͸һĨ⡣
ʣƺԽ˰ɣʴ˿Ҳʣ˵һ
֮ˣʵĮ³һʱǽʣļλǿʵǵȫǺˮ
ʣַɱôˣɱȻ֮£ңʧҲܴ󣬾͵Ϊֹ³һ
Ȼɳ޵֣ɱַ㣬֮ҪĨɱ㾹Ȼ̻ЦǷˣҴģʼ壡ڵĲʣаֻɫѿʣ̫ˡ
Σ̨ҪսĻ⣡˵һֵ⣬˵ķ𣡡
һɺ嫵Ϣа֣аһңޱ񣬾Ҫ̨ܶ࣬ԣ޼ɵ
˵գĿ콣ϣһĨɫ콣ɱ֮ˣҪȥ
ǰĿİɣһʵ˼ɱַ㣬ֻһ콣
ʣȷΪ콣գͼ׵ʱ򣬳콣ʵ־һ־նˣҪȥ


1321 ַ
콣·ʵĻ³ֲ֮⣬âɱǿʢޱȡ󣡡һһգʱ׵ƶյУôͣ·ʱ䶼ֹ
漴ֻ콣ŭХһ֮²ݣѿ콣ֱѷȥʵһâ콣Ȼܡ
һڸղ콣ȥĵطնѷ죬漴ֱûС
ˣʽеɲǣ콣һطƿն漴ԶХȥһֱ̣޵С
ôĽȷԣĿ⳯콣ȥ콣ʵĽ治޿ռ֮УλֻҪ΢һ㣬ȫͬƬռ䣬ȫͬģҲζţ콣ֶܣҪץ콣ѣҲ콣һǧ֮ˣжӦ꣬Ȼͬ
˵ⱱ֮ؾл޾ңԶڿռѷҵĻҲƬʱܹ
ܿ죬ʵӰٶȳˣɫȴѿȻһˣˡ
ϣһȥȡһһ޾ѹ¿նȥһ¡Ŀֲ֮¿յһɽ嶼ֱըѣʣܲˬȻ콣ˡ
ŭ꣬ʵĿϣֻ̨ʧַһˣвɵһâȴ˿˿Ц̨Ȼֻһˣ
ʹˣƽ˵һ漴ֻʻ˻֣嫵Ϣһŵסߣ
˵գâ˸ʴʣµ뿪ʧһЩǿߣҪַ츳ǿΣˣǵҵ³
ȴδ뿪ɻԭأһû뿪˼֮ѪɫĳƮ˫ϵһֱʡ
ʻ£ʵһ
ûʲôҵ̨뿪Ц˵
ʺʱ˿ˣзźâҪߣǿ̤޿ռ֮ȥԮַ㣬Ͼܹ޿ռģ̤ѷҵַַܹ꣬ҪƬ̣Ҳַûûء
ʣһ𾴣ƤЦⲻЦƵĵʵʴʱǷǳˬģ񱤵ʧһ㲻С̨ȴַֻһ˶ѣǧǻ쵰ɱ˵ٶ̫ˣб콣ľ̫ǿʢǿƵݣΪ˷̨˫ʣ٣ų̂նɱϧˡ
콣ȥʽҪǰȥַҲһδвҲǲ˼ˣû⣬Ͼʼ岻һЩŲѪһԻһ˻ľȱߣȴ츳ߡ
һ㣬̨ƺĸĺá
˫һʱ䣬һ֮£̨ˣ
˵գʹ̨֮˹ȥ̨
뿪ʵһĨЦ⣬ʳԱƺΪ졣
ţ㻹ҪǧеʵҲˣ޵ɱ㣬ľʵ֮ǧֻǿʶž˵δˣ֪Ҳá
ǣʦ𣡡ǷĻӦ˵ԼҲԼǿԸ̤ĺֶѣԺֵ츳ܿҲһ޵ѶԸ
š΢΢ͷû˵ʲôңû뿪ɼΪǷǳģֹһʱ䣬ʲŴ񱤵ǿȥַ޿ռ֮ôãܻˡ
һ֮ԪսϢ˻ģӵٶȿνˣϾ¼һεˣ񱤡̨ңײһ֣˻ĵĶҡ
ңһսҼ׵ĸ𣬴ӱĵ̨ʧԯ壬ڴս̨ǿǰԯңɨ񱤣ûȥԯ壬֮пվһЩңվǲҪȥǵĺã£ùһߡ
ҺԯңǺܺõӡ
ַڰ˻ľҲ˲СĲ˰̾ϧһݺ˻ĵôĨɱˣϧˣַĿֲ츳ĳɾͱǲɴȵģ˶Ҫδû뵽վûܳɳزˡ
ȻΪַ㣬񱤺ҳݵȷƿ£޵Գ֣˷ǳأȺȴоҺ񱤶ԣֵõģǲһλܹвǵĻ
Һ񱤵ȻΪڸ϶ԣһȷ飬þ޴Ĵ̨ۣδһ֧
ҺǰһСС֣ǽֻǰһɱַ㣬Լ۽
Ϣϯ˻ĵʱ򣬴л֮ؿʼһ޴ķ籩ϢʣΪ뽣콣̤뽣Ҫǿ콣ǣʣԵĽȥȴܰ߳ûõ콣Ҳûжһë
ϢЩѰζˣʣڽʲô
콣ع齣˭ƿأ
УΪôӽ󣬵ʼմڽ֮УеԭǷ̤뽣йأ
ȻһȺֻܲ²⣬֪ģֻ̤˽ʣнȻǣ㽣֪
Ȼ콣Ļع齣ֵúܲ죬Ϊ콣ˣ֮Ѿַ㣬
ȻȻɣʼţַ㣬ôģȻţԵЩäĿ뵽˽ϣ㾡ַϵʱһб㶼ˣϾĹԼǿ׷ַһʱգΪ츳𺳣гһգýָҫ
ַϢԯҺңܲϲˣΪ
л˾ռ壬˾ңգ̾ϧһλţ
ʼңʰѩһϿգ迴գô𣡡
Ҳ漣ҲһʰѩŮ˰¶һʡ
ʵһɫɽ֮ϣ޾Ľ֮Ϣ嫿£ͬ˫µӷ·Ҫ͸һУϧûɱ㣡
ڣʥŮѩվ续֮У̾Ϣһ
ܷɽϣ˶ңԶþò
ڱģϼ壬һŵķ֮УͻȻ䣬һɿֱֲ֮֮˸о嶼


1322 սͨ
˻ľ˶һΪַ㣬
Ͼַ㱻ҵ޵ǧз޿ռ棬һԵѷ죬׾ַܽ˺ѵˣԣǷʲ̤ĵطΨʣ԰ȻĴ޵У޵Ŀռս
һֻûַ㻹ܻȥ
ʱ䵹һǰַ̤֮ʱľǧ˿֮·ַһˣߡبšݼŵϢ͸ַڣַоޱߡ
Ҫ𣡡ַ㿴ĺڰƺһɹɿµĿռ籩ϵƮš
꣡ǰԶһ֮˸ַһһµѷַо˵Ľ
ס񣡡һȻַһ漴ϣһŻȼɫĻ棬Ľ£һǣ
ϼһַ㿴µĺʱһȣϲĿ᲻ôҵģȻԼϲ˺
ƨ޿ռ䣬ܲܶȹһѣҪ컯׵۵ħдַЦݼŵ֮
Сģһֲĺɫռ籩ַɱħȻ˸촫ַղ֮أ͸żϢַһĨ亹գĻռ籩ܹһ˲Ҫ
ܲƿռϳȥַɫǳÿƬݼŵգĴǿֲ籩˲Ҫ
ҽһڷֻħ֮УϣԶԶ俪ռϣƺҲ͸һĨ֮⣬ԳƱˡ
ܹס޿ռ֮д𣡡һַɫһ漴޵ĺڰռ֮Уһƹâ˸漴ħ֮ϣԳһõӰ
ʦַ֣㿴õӰһļ˿˿ůȻ࣬վһֱշľһλ
֪޵Ŀռ֮һ޿ռսֻ֪꣬Ҫ㰲ȫˣľڣַһϣ֮ɫƬ޵Ŀռ䣬ȻһƬսʲôս
ãһסǣ·׵۵·˶Ĭ㣬ûʶԷʲôȻ˿˫жʡ
ħţľַ弸סˣһ֮ɫ䣬Ҫ뵽Ƭ޵С
ǣһ׹ⶸȻ𣬷·һռ׵ħȻƶ˲Ϣʧԭأֺֻ
գҵĻѾǸˣַаϼһﹻܵٶҲ죬Լ֮ˣûл·
ľָħǰУķ籩ַǰʮַ͸оǺˮ͸ˡ
һʯֵ֪ܲܵסַֹͻȻػ˯ʯʱһʯ֮С
ⶫճʹþƷҡȻǼι̵ģػ˯ԼõĴ
ľƷʯϸ£ʱһ¶һĨϲɫ㾹ȻֺöͷϿգԵռ磬ֻҪúעռԼ˺ѹķ籩
ãַ˵ͷػʵʯͣͷϣһħǰУǵٶȺ֮УܹǵĶ̫ˣ洦ǿֲĺɫ籩쫷磬òСġ
ĻռµĿռַа˵֮ƬֲĿռ䣬ǰĿռ䣬ռ壬Ļռ֮
ͣһֲԻַ΢΢ͬʱħҲƶռַѣϵʥ׶ѿˣļоġ
Ӧ൱޵Ĺްɣֻܹ棡ַ૵һ
Ϳռ綼൱ڼްһЩӵĿ£ҲҪע⣡ľĿ˵ָǰе·
ʦ֣鷳ˣһ£ַľڵľɫ㶣漴ЦһӦǿãһ㿴ãȷǳʺռ㰲ɣ
ַЦ£Ҳ𲻵ʲôôľģԱ۾ŲʣĿռ
ϼһʦˣַħ˵׵ϲҲ˵ˣΪľֻΪСĶԸΣ
ַ΢գϵɲǣͫ׷·ڰ֮ɫʱԺ֮УֳһƬڰ磬ڰ֮ΣһƻĿռ˵ңĿġ
һ֮Ŀռȴӹɵǿ󣬳ڰ統еַ㣬·ܹеĸܵ
ģַϵĺˮɺԣһƿ־֮Ժб𣬻߿˵ȴȫԺΨʣ
״ַ̬㣬ȴʱţȴԼ
ľַ㣬Լ׵ħһֱƮС
ַ㣬ˣ
һ³еַ㾪ѣǵĿ֮У¶һĨ貵Ŀռ֮⣬·ܹ˺һУأǻʵĿռ
Ȼռ֮âɢʱַĿ⣬ȡ
սս
ǰƬ޵Ŀռ֮УȻһƬսӰ⣬ֲײ֮żᴫһƬĿռս
ϴʦҿƬս𣿡ַ૵һȥһطа̤ɱ֮·ǰУһƬ嫵սϢмƣַ㲻֪ƬսǷ޿ռļз֮С
ߵ޿ռ籩Լˣַ㿴ԼΧ￿Ƭս
ʦ֣ʲôطַһΪλһط޿ռ䵱У̫ˡ
Ӱ˻ľͨʮһκ嫶ңԶ·̣ǣͨ޿ռӵĻξٵһֲľأ㿴ĵطŰ˻ľ;ʮ޿ռҲΪ˫һս˻ľ;ʮڶǿߵ֮أ
ľַ㻺˵ַ𺳣Ű˻ľ;ʮ
Ȼ˻ľ;ʮӵͨΪû˵˻ľоʮ˳ַ֣һ
ַ㣬ǵ˾ʮᵽˣǰ˻ľ֮ôҲڰ˻ľһЩˣ֮ˣԾʮҲ˵ǰ˻ľϰȻǰ˻ľʵҲкܶţ̤˾ʮУҲǰ˻ľһЩͻȻŵԭ򣬲ͻȻֻΪȥطѣ
ľЦ˵ַ΢Ȼأ


1323 
ľһԶĺɫ籩ƺ˿û籩ɣ
ַǳЦ£һƬ֮ɫȷգ׵ϼһħӦֲ̫ˣܹ΢֮ʱܿµһδˣڼзһ˿Ļᣬɴ֮УһֱľҲ֪ģӹɵģԷǳס
ַ㣬ڿɻûаȫ̤սˣ඼ǿ֮ˣǵͽҲԶнսңսϾȴһݣҲû˻˸̤ˣ־ߣȫֻԼҲһֻܻ㵽ˣ
ľַ㻺˵ַ΢΢˵ͷƬͨս֮ϣû˼ıԼ̤ˣһЩ֮ˣǵսǲͨġ
ϼһȥɡַ㿪˵ħ˸ƬɱĿռսȥ֮дһƬͨÿֲ
ַ㣬Ϊ֮ľӰַ΢΢ͷ漴ֽ⣬ɢ
ţַľ˵ͷĿ͸Ÿм֮ɫľʦ֪ռ꣬Ļ׵ϼһܹ죬Ҳһ޿ռ֮С
ľӰɢ漴ħַս̼䣬ħһƺڰħ⣬ûַϣʧ
ˣһ֮ϯַ̤սɲǣǰһӰҵϣһ絶͸ŶĿ֮⣬Ϊֻأַѹ֮УҪ֮ˡ
ղŴ˵Ŀⶢַ㣬ָռսԵ޿ռ䣬Ȼ˴̤
Ǻɫħģ궢ַ㣬ȣ絶Ѵַϡ
ȻԷַܹ޿ռгֵĺڰħı
йϵ𣿡
ַоԷʢˣüͷһĮһ
֮ˣ˵ǵһһӰâŲһ̤ʱһɿ񱩵ɱͬ㳯ַŭХֻȵѹһͨϢˣοһ֮ˡ
Ȼ곯ǰѹȵĽŲȴδַ㳯޿ռȴַֻһʱһ貵â·б⽣â񵽼£ܵһѹɵһͣ⻹һ֮ϸܵѹ
ͽ䣬ǰ˲ˣҲַ࣡ͬһ̤ʱعһȵĴ֮ŶԷȥһĽؼŭХ΢ַһɱԣʵһС
ȻûԤϵַȶ֣ѪĺâһԷƷ絶ַĽâɱĿĵ̺֮ǿĿռ壬ƿصİأ
صʵƿصİڿռϵĳɾͣȻǳ
꣡â뵶ײֲķ֮⳯ɱĦ֮ԵøĴ̶գɢ
ںϰĽͨһâȻûԤϵһ֮˾ȻôǿʢսԿһо˿·硣
̰壡ַͬâ¶·ͬ㣬ԷĹֶΣ˵Ϊơ
ţһ˷ܵɫϵϢûмԽӵǿʢĶֶеѪҺڣˣΪսͺĵһ
ﲻ㣬мȥսɣ˸Զ˸ַ㱳޿ռ䣬սǳ㣬ַĿ¶һ˿ʣ漴ЦҲսȼա
Ƭͨսܴ˵ޱߣַ޿ռֻ̤սıԵѣҪܹ࣬սӰĻɳڿռз裬Ƭս͸һɱĵ֮ɫ͸һĨռϢǺب޿ռսȻǿʢĿռ֮
ĽưַĮ˵
βȡĵַսִȴǳˬԷǿ
ƿںϰ彣ͨǱϾΪ£ǲĽҲԶлᣬҳ֣顣
ְܳɣַһεĽںХַΪģ·ռ֮о޾Ľ
ҳȫ㣡һ³磬һɫӰӣһɳ
֮Ҳأַɫ΢Էƿصİ壬ɲֻпռ壬з֮壬ңͿռһԷķ֮ͬ˵ء
磬졢档
ַ·𿴵һεĿ쵶Լնĵ·𽫿ռ䶼ն롣
ˣַһʱͬˣ̤ңͬʱ֮塣
廯ĵն˿֮УȴĲûУռŲ֮Уַһɱ裬·Ҫճַ塣
ֲַ̺⣬һͶԷĵƵĽ۶ɣ漴͵ɱںϽն˶Էĵϣһûоҵײͽ·ͬʱ۶˰㡣
ĽŲͣаص֮漴΢΢̧ͷǺɫ֮͸ޱȵư
һնͷ­ǰ֮ٶɣɱĿռĮĺһ𣬷·ڵлַۣȻһںϰĵңںذ塣
ַ¶֮ɫںذĵܹöԷĹٶ屶Ǿǿֲġ
ˣֲİľַ֮УǱ֮ϣְʼ֯һ𣬷硢סռ䡢ġ
˫ط硢˫׵磻ؿռ壬һֻʵİ壬Ҳأʲô壡궢ַл۵ĽĿҲ¶һĨ𾪵ɫδ䣬Ȼƿְ壬ңغء


1324 ڤ
֮ˣ԰ɲףһЩ֮ˣܹͬʱְ壬ǳǣְʵҲб׶ˣǱ޷רһÿһְϣҪʱȥһͱȻӰٶȡ
츳ڷǳǿģڵ۹֮УӵвСְֻͨؾְ嶼أְܹ뵽УΪǿʢˣΪأͨصˣҪɱҲѣںϰ嵶һնȻҲֻͨأһЩǿ֮ˣͲô׶Ըˡ
ַ㣬Ϊֻصľ磬ѾְأְҲﵽأһĻһַΪ൱ﵽؾ磬ôְ֮п̤ذ壬ܻǿԵЩˡ
ʵַһǿһ˷ڰ˻ľεˣ֪԰˻ģǾʮ
ŭХĵ⣬ַеĽͷųĿ֮⣬ְĽ֯ںϣ·Ҫǿ̶ȵĽڡ
ذںϣںְ壬Ȼǲַе˫ʵǿġ
ˣֲĻ渽˽֮ϣ޷ȥɸ棬Ҳǿһƽ
һѾַͷŵְˣң壬ҲǶذ壬վĸɾ츳ƺǿЩˡ
ɱڣںϵĵâַնɱͿռ䣬ǿ˲Ϣģںϵĵ⣬¡
ַڿԷɲǣĽҲͬͷŶ뽣âٶȣ쵽˼£˲Ϣײһ
͡͡⾹һŵĵâ˺ַԤϵںϰ彣ɻǲԷģ岻ǿ󣬱ϾԷںϵذ塣
ޣַһâɱһַ䵽֮Уһ̳֮ʱַı͸˿˿亹һΣ˺Լһˣ쵽˼飬˲ܶ
ƺҲӦǾŻ졢ˣȻַȻԷƱԷΪͰ嶼ռƣ̤߲ΣͿԺͶԷˣ߶أܹ׽Էնɱš
Ķ֣ܹһѾ㹻ԺˣЩɱ㣬ǣǴгֵħɻҪĻһҪɱ㣡궢ַ㣬ͬһĵѹַ㣬ֺá
ڣַ㵭˵һ漴˸ԶŲȥ
ߣߵõ𣡡һһâֱɱͬһռһն˹ȥ
ˣַ嶸Ȼʧԭأһ̳֮ʱѾڼ⣬ңһ򣬳ǰĵâֱն˿մ
ռʥһַֻŲ˸ȥٶȼĿ죬Ҹһң֮С
ߣ屻֮Ų̤һһռ䣬ͬһĲռͨĿ졣
˵ľ벻ϵȻڴ˿̣ХڿգһĿ֮ⶸȻ˸ҫޱȣĿ⿴ǰȴֻһ˫ޱȵͫף˫ͫף·Ҫݽȥ궼Ҫһ˫ħۣޱȡ
ɱɱ֮õоһı֮У͵£Ŀָѣ漴㿴һĿĽâնɱȸղһӵĿ¡
ţںϰ嵶˲նȻһβִټĳָûзӳľֻһ
ǣһ貵Ľ⾹Ȼն˵⣬ɱõо
ߣͻȻ仯һ쫷磬նݣɲǼϿգһĨûվûնɱɾһ亹ա
ʱַӰԶȥеĲӰ䣬֮ʱȻЩԷնˡ
ַ㲢ûᵶ飬ԷֻƬսһλͶѣɱսĮпᣬҲҪŶԷһȥĴɱ¾ûеɱҲˡ
Ƭսܴͨ󣬼ӱԵмУַѾһףߵס
Žս֮أַ㷢սȻӣĴɱ˶Į۳ԺηΨɱΨˣΪ˱ǿ
ַ˸֮ʱв˴ԶһϢ䣬ɱ֮Щ˶ֱַ㣬У֮ˣʵڲֵǳ֣ûκļֵȻҲ˻ᳯַͶȥӵĿ⣬һصˣȻ̤Ӱ˻ľ;ʮͨսǲ֪ߵغ
ǣַԼҲˣòƣƬռ֮⣬ûпڶ֮ˣȫ䣬棬Ϊ͡
ţڴʱַԶȥȻһϤӰڹĻɳ֮зս屻֣һ˶˽ɫսƵУȻͬʱսλн֮ˡ
ǻӰһһϣ³ɫƮ֮УΪǿʢĹֶΣһ漴һӡֱĨɱֻǼغϣ㱻նһλصǿߡ
Ҳսôַ૵һ˺Ȼµĸͽʮ֮һĿڤС
ʵҪǿַ㿴ڤеսоһľΪصİ壬ǿʢķֶΣڤдսǿת֮䣬ɱλнǿߣսƿ¡
ʣµ˿ʼη岻սȥȻӶ뿪ڷ֮£Ӷ޷ӵһĨɱˣǷ𣬷ɱ֮ħ
һУԲҪű
Ҳɳħ·ŵӿڤУɱ˿νǿʢԵޱߡ
գԤԤ֮ʱڤΪصˣԤ߲Ҫ˵ԤߵķӦɼڤе츳ܹĪϧĲڤȼ磬ڰ˻ľйʲô˵սû뵽ȴս˵ǿơ
ַаţ˻ľʮ˸߰ޱȣǴѱĿ£Ҳǵ͵ĵ͵ڤбˣУʵҲΪ͵
͵һʵʹ˿ڤбֳǿܹ棡
ּˣһַ΢΢ת漴һŶǵף˫Ȼݡ
ᣡַв֮ɫһţᣬȻҲսУɲˣֹڤһ


1325 ͬ
Ȼϵô˿̵ַģѩ¹ħ۵СУַõһ֧ħ˾ỹ已ᣬһ˾棬սħۣΪ˾ռǿħ£ַֻ㣬ǿ˾ħ
ַ㽫ħԼһҳħ֮УȻûзӦ⵹ַΪơ
ӱַĿдһĨħ֮Ϣ·һ˫аᶯ˵
ַͬ㣬ȻЦɣ֪ˣȻȴʶǰҲδ˵
ַʵܹʮ֮һ˾սȻûΨһһμԷⲻòɻ
ߣᵮһǿ֮Уңǿʢ֮⣬˻ħǳֲǴڰ˻ľ¶ԼʵĻҲȡʮеһλ
ľ磬һɢޡĴˣҲڰ˻˻ľĴŮ֮һӣȻʶַ㽫ֲ𿪣ľ硣
ľ硢ַ㣡еƺ뵽һλž޵꣬ϧȻ䡣
ôˣӣַ·˼ɵһ
һλѣǺ͹ΪƣΪս£ܹʮ֪ӿ˵¶ȻЦݡ
˵ַ㣿ַдżЦ⣬Ӧһ
Ҳַ֪㣬ϧ˫ѹȣձ޿ռ䣬Ӣţ̾һƺΪϧַ֮
ˣַɫһԺȴڲͣתᶼ˵ַԼϢѾ˻ˡ
ţĻǱƳٵڻ֮ԼҲַܴҲ˵Ц˵
Ƴٵڻ֮Լַͷ΢ڻ֮Լûȥѯʹʦֻʦ𣬵治ô˽⣺ӣڻ֮Լô£Ƴˣ
ӾȻ֪ڻ֮ԼЦĿⶢַ㣬мֲ죬ַ˵Ϊ棬ôַܲ˻ľˣΪλôֲս
ѵʮ
ῴַеĵӣôսĵͽڻ֮Լô᲻ֻ֪뵽ַ̨ʱղңڻ֮ԼҲδȥʡ
ַ֪ʼ硣
չȥμڻ֮ԼȻôˣ⣬ڻ֮ԼþУֻΪ̨Ϊ׵ļλǿҪƳٵԵʣƳ٣ҲˣƳٵڻ֮ԼҲնѣ˵Ҳûкַ͵̫ϸ
̨ҪƳ٣ʱôַǺڰޱȣ·޵׶㣬޷͸û뵽ȻʦΪʱ䣬һҪ̤䣬Σڻ֮ԼҪʶһ
ӣѵԵڴУΣַǺڰ¶Цݣ˵ȻƺҪ͸ַ㣬ȴоַз·һ޷ӵġ
ȷҪһ𣬲ڣĿһ˿Ȼ֮Цַڣɸоĳ
Ȼַͷʵϣֻǲ֪ذ˻ģ·ѣսֻһ·ͨ˻ľһ·ͨʮ
ַΪȥûдġ
ĻӿҪúñˣǣεľ͸һĨ֮⣬һ·Ϊ㾡һС
˵ţĳ̤ȥַ㿴ıӰһζ֮⣬ỹҪŮˣְͨɲ⣬һһȻ֮⣬ȴ˸оˡ
ӣû߶ãֻһӰַǰЩ˶н֮ˣɫ˿˿԰֮⣬ƺԵЩ̬ǵ˫ӣԵøа·Ȱ㡣
õˣַ˲֪Щ˳һǵʣƣаɫ԰ף·֮ףǴ˿ǿźε̰ܹɹʥŮץȥǽǺεһζ
޿ռսϣǿɹܲʲôݡ
ַһЦҪ㾡ˮַ΢
ˣˣΣǳЦõǿߣˡ
ΪЧַͣõ˿ûаÿΪյ¡
˻֮˶Ϊ칦ɱ࣬Ǵ֮ᶼǼʵѾСһһɣֻѡһӵ֡һ˵Ŀ֮ɨţ֮ͷŶа
ʦ˵Ķԣˣһܺνá
һۻЦǵ³ɫɣŲ΢΢ǰ߳˹
·Ҫ߽Է˵֮Уݶ䡣
СģΪ֮ͻȻɫ˼֣͵ĺȵͶͱ˶·ǵ
׷һ־ΪᣬĿ΢Щ룬·ݽȥ漴˫Ѫһжֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬·ʲôû㡣
һֲаȥ˵м䡣
ַ֪֮Ƕ̶̵ɲǣѾöԷһû֮Ի֮˶ԷӰΣڻþвˣɱˣǳ
ͬʱַҲҲһȥԷȻԶԶȫȥֻҲ֮˿Цһַͬɱȥ
ңַһ֮з·һħ㣬öԷȻ̧𣬿ַ۾Ȼһ̣ȴֻһ˫ڵͫף˫֮ͫУ·пµľ֮ȪҪ׵ݽȥͷ˵
ǣһը֮˫ͬʱŶԷȥݵһ̶̵һ˲䣬ַİԵѾ˶ԷԴϣ˲Ĩɱһˡ
Ȼн䣬̤ƬսȻǶԼʵţһܹ໥գʵϣǵȷԶַղսĵꡣ
ߵһӰȻת漴㿴ַĨɱԼһλͬ飬ʱĿⶸȻһôأ˲ɱأ
˿ħͷħ֮ʱϢˣħΪȣӵп֮
䣡ַЯֲħ⣬һ̤֮о֣öԷݽȥ·ҲҪһħ
ô£⼸˷׷תɨַһۣǿħƣһǰԵޱȣħûأƺˣ
ǳǳһЦܹ˾һսˣ򵥣ַϣƺкܶܣ


1326 
ܿ죬֮ϣʬ壬ַսսƷ
̤֮Ļ֮ƺǿ˺ַܶ࣡Ŀ⳯ͶȥһĿ⣬ֻҲһЦ
ľ֮ſֲħɱλ֮ˣһλصǿߣ𺳣
ҲһɱˣңûӵĻûϣҪɱصˣûô򵥣˵ӸʤһַڣҪҵַַͨ㣬ƺܡ
Ǽ߰ɣиǿĶֵŹӣǳЦȻߵַ㵹Ǻܰĸһߣ·;е˲ս֮ˣδ̫ǿĶ֣ϾΪôǿһһءһأ̫ǿ˶ǲȤ
ȤҲΪòַ㣬Ǳ˺ӵĴڡ
Ӻֹ𣿡ַĿ⳯ĳȥڤеӰֳˣƺߵ·һģǻذ˻İɡ
ôǿڤʦĵ֡ЦŻӦ
ǿôַʵҲ֪ǫ黹Ρ
˵ĻҲӿܲţҿԿ϶ĸ߹ӣʮеĲսʸûУƽĻַ𶯣ͬΪʮڤսʸûУԿڤۣǷ̫Щ˵͵ķɮˣǰֲ
ʮֻǰ˻ģֻǱ棬ÿ˵սԼ˭ͱַ㣬ոκȴʮʥֱ㣬֪ȴԺʮ档
ᳯַͶһĿ⣬ЦңͬΪʮսһܲ޴󡣡
Ҳñӣս֪ҲûУַЦַĻֻȻһЦҲԡ
һʱַ֮ϳôĮħ֮⣬һɱϢһ֮
ͬʱַ㻹֣ʣҲˣûȻ֮⣬Ǳñ䣬ͷĺ˿ˣɢڼͷž˸еޣһ֮ǰȻͬ˿̵ᣬ߹󡢱䡢¡
ңʱ仯ͻȻ֮ģûκεԤףַһֱߣܻỳⲢɹӡ
ַûΪʲôÿ˶ԼܣˣҲˣ˵Ȼ˵Ҳǰʡ
ӣ޿ռͨ˻ľ;ʮľжԶ
ͨصľ˵ǰǿо֮ʱֵ̾룬ٶǰУʱԺأַһ֮жûȻ󣬺ƽƽûа㲨
ʱԺأַΪ𾪣޿ռ֮УĿռȻȫһͨ
һڰ˻ľʮ֮Ƿǳ㣡
ʵ㹻ǿ󣬻Խս᷽ͨͨһЩһͨľͷҪͨһǱǳ֮صʮÿһ꣬ͨĵطǣʮʮ۹ַͷ΢΢£ǰַȻܹ⣬޷Խսܻܿս֮Ҫɱ㣬֮԰ȫһЩΪΪͣսǿ̫ǿǣǿ˱Ĩɱ
ǣΪλ֪ͨͷĳͨʮ۹ѵɹǿ߸ģ
Ư椣һЦ֮һߵǰɫ̰
ỺǰŲδͣ·ֺԷϵЦݸ䣬ϲֵ
˵ţֱ΢΢ſ·ҪᱧסȻһ̣ĺ⽵ϣ촫䵽һ˪亮
ͣһֱַֻ֮ӺͶԷԷ˲漴ȥϣûκε˺ۡ
ַĽŲ΢΢ͣȴת¶һĨ˵ǳЦľӱ⣡
ôᣬֻЩԾַ̧Ųˮ֮壬أˮᣬգǼ֮ˮ
ǰ˻֮˽Ϊְֻ塢áܣ֮壬ƺֱֳˮ֮
·ľԼѡģٶһЦ·ֻصǰᣬתһ˲䣬ȫһˣĸ߹
ᣬǰ˻ľĴŮ֮һǵߵһЦǵ𣡡ַԼģҲỳǰŮãʵϣһˣȴ档
һ棬Ȼӣһ棬߹µʥŮһ棬ʵ᣿
·Լѡģ
ַ㾹Ȼ˺֮⣬ĽŲǰɱŸղŵٶȣżǰƵ˱սһҲٷ񣬶ֱӶ֣ȸղŸӵĹϡǿ˼֡
һʱȥַ㾪ȵķ֣Ȼûеڡ
˵ĻʱԺӰ˻ľԼʮ޿ռͨˣճսʱԼõˣڿ˻ľһˣ룬һʱҲ̤ϰ˻ĵˣڣʱȥ·;У
ζʲôַкĿģǰ˻ľǣʮ
ѹǷȷ᲻ڣȻҪȥʮַеһ漴Ųӿ죬׷Ĳʵӣ֮ڻ֮Լӻ᲻ذ˻ģ
ַĻĽŲ΢΢ͣ£ַһۣȻһЦȻ
ľӵʮһ⡣ַЦ˵
ⲻһọ́һǳ̼ȻЦٶȳϣ˲ŽŲʮķ̤ȥ
Ȼ˼ǰ֮ʱһϯַǰӰַ΢΢һˣȻ̤Ƭռ֮ʱսĵꡣ
⵶ȻѾϵˣĿϣϢַΪԷֵʱȴ˶Էϥأǳĵ£


1327 ɱ
£³ַһλƿ˫ذǿޣẰһ£ϥأߵλ
˫ʡ˫ݣַ㲨Ľƽ̤Ƭ޿ռս֮ǰľŸ߹˻ľʮͨҲ˱ԾʮʮҲͬа˻ľǿû뵽˻˿ӦˣᣬȻھʮ˻ġ
ǰ˻ľʥŮϾ֣ǴУѪУᣬܿܵ۹
ɣƽǵվĿһĨɫƺһưĽ֮⡣
ᣬĵ۹ͱ࣬Ϊȴ˶٣ңǵգ۹һĽ˿Զֹһˣȴδܹ߰ˡ
Ȼ۹ЩԹΪİĽ֮һӣȻǲŵġ
ӵĿַ֮ʱַԵĸܵ˶Էеһɵӭ
£˭ɫƵĶַ㡣
޹أᵭ˵Ųǰַ̤ƽĿ˵һۣҲ߹һĻõĿһַıӰڵ۹ʱɴġ
˸ܿĲŵҪص۹սӭӣû뵽ȴû£۷֮ʱȴ¹⣬ǿҲƬͨӭ»ص۹
֪ˣ΢΢ͷûжԣõΪƣ˼ףκι¶⣬ȻΪ۹ʺ˵Է٣һصСӣ
ɱڴʱַĽŲȻֹסĸоɱǡ
͵ַĻŲͣ˵ҪɱǵĻǾԲа㻳ɵģɱˣԲ١
Ȼ˽Ų֮ͣһǿ߳˸һӣ֧飬һɱûκεΡ
ʵܾȣÿ˶һλأλء
£Ҫɱȥд鷳Ϸ֮âŶ£Ҳ˳ȥ̤ſռͨ硣
ӵĵҲˣһ貶ĿĴ󵶣ĺ䣬лһƿռ֮Ϣ·Կռӵ㡣
ɱӵĵֱɱ貵Ĵ󵶻һ޴ĵâͬһ£ƽռ䶼ն룬⵶ٶȿ쵽Щˡ
ӣ⵶ɫ˲ˣˣƺռ䶼նѵĵâ̫ˣ˵ֱӱѪ˵ӵС
ڵӶֵͬʱַͬʱһСɱȥûˮ֮ͬʱʹãͬʱе˿ȻһЦλصǿߣ˲ɱֻʣһˣҪɱѡ
ַǸնɱһˣȵħŵڶ˺ɱ˫ħͫŶԷ֮ݡ
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ˣַʧԭأ·ŲƣϿ֮أʧɲǣֱ֣ӱɱ
ַȻתĿ⿴򵶺֮ʱһֲ⣬һҲնһ
ռͨüͷַʹõֶκͲǰһֶκƣܹпռŲơ
Ҳɱַʵ
ְţնΣ˵
䣡ַϣ嫵ħֱ˫ڵ֮ͫУֲ̺ħ־
ӿ˫۾ɲǣֻо΢΢һͫ·־ܵħʴ˫۾̫̫䣬·ں˿µħС
Ҫħл𣡡ַ£õɫһ·Ҫݣ·𿴵һǿʢޱȵħַ֮ͫУֿһӲħӰվ֮ϣΨҶԡ
㲻Ǹ΢ūͣڵϣͬһֱַԷԺУ֮ͫУӲħӰ·һȪģ·Ǿ֮£ħϴ
ҵӣǵʺˣӵ֮УƺһĿĴ󵶣ɱһеĵܹն񷡣
ʣҲҪħǰһעֻܹڵϣĽ֮ˣַʹŵӵģõӵ־ֱĸо·ĵôļ͡
ʱѾɱһˣعÿ𺳵һģɵöַ㣬¶һĨɻɫ
ʴҵ־ŭһųޱȿµĵ⣬Ȼͬʱַһ̤ٵӵǰħӡɱͬʱ̺Լ֮
ŭһâɱӡͬʱ£¡ľ޴ǲִټŵĵâ𣬿ֲħڵӻɫ֮ϣˣؿںһǣܡ
䣡ַĽŲһ̤ħŵȥޱȣʵ絶ӣȻҪս
ͬʱһǿʢϢõɫ䣬ס֣
ַüͷһ壬Ҳǿ̤ɱһεǿߣȸղСǿʢ࣬غصǿڡ
ǳģɱŮµ˲٣ַаڻ֮Լа֮ʱؾʮ֪Ǻԭ򣬶ң͵Ȼ֪˽ɱ
ⲻһọ́һǳַ̼뵽ĻνĲʹ̼ʲôأ
ַħͫɨ˵һۣĵҪһΣ
ַ˫ͫףӾȻо˿˿⣬ղţ֮ƾһ˫Ҫʴ־նݵʱڣص
ߣַ㣬Ȼ塣
Ҳ뿴һΣı뵶ӵĶУõɫһ漴΢΢ͷŵӰ£Ѿͨӡ֪ͨ˼ǿߣֻҪһʱ䣡
˵գӵתɫĵ˸Ѿ̤Ӱ
ɱͷųǿʢɱ֮ûκεĻ㳯ߺɱһ޴Ĵӡ·һɽѹ£ֲ졣
ƣӱĵ⻮ںϰ幥ţϿѹĴӡأȻһһƶĿĽֱӳŵɱ˹ȥס
ͬʱλصǿֱᣬһӿַâһǻֲ쫷籩Ҫȡ
ƺЩöԸַ㿴˵ǿʢħ֮˸ȻûԤϵл˾ʣδ̤ʮĽɱ


1328 εɱ
ῴϷ죬һȪȪˮ֮ϣ͵ĳǽɫĹ⻪ֶȥ
ˮᣬˮ֮ΣҪԷ赲סȻȴգķ֮ţǿߵ崩͸ˮΣʱһĻ󺣳ˢ
ɫĴӡĿޱȣ޼᲻ݣҪܣȻȴǽɫӡҪɲǣޱȵŤ£Ȼڼ䲻ݷɲǼܶ㿪Ȼܰͬˮ߰㡣
ҵסһˣַ㴫˵ֻ˿һɻ籩ȥǵأɳƬط·Ҫ籩˴ٵķ籩ַһμĻҪǿʢ౶
ַӱ˫ȫħ⣬λɱǿ߶أǶԸǴݿ࣬޷ֵҪƬ̶ǳѣغһ磬ʵĲȴǿֲġ
ҶԸ֮ǿߣַһʱгһ֧Ȩȣ̼䣬ֲ֮ӶȥĿֲ
ɱȨȶȻ仯һֲ֮ǽ֮ƿǿ͵˹ȥǿʢĹǿһַͣ㻯ΪȨȵĹһǿʥ
ɫĴӡ͵ĳž޴Ĺȥ֮־ȻֱӽץУȻһΣַ嶼ŷ
䣡ַһ³ʱȨ֮пֲӵǽɫֵУ޼᲻ݵĽ֮ӡȻڣڱ֮ڻת˲仯Ϊһ̲ˮ
ˣǿɫһ䣬Ȼ佫ջأֻɫģһڻĽˮǣ˿˿Ѫɫһž޴Ĺ̺ǳǿʢ
Ҫұȫ㣡ǿ߶ַһϽɫâţһõĽɫ֣ӡſֲĽɫ·
ɱɫĸֱַ㣬ǽųɹ⣬Ҫַշѹ
ַһʱһŹŴֳ̧еĽȥ
ǣޱҫĿѹ£ڹŴ֮ϣַֻоֱϵĹͷѵθڣŶ˵صףֻʣ°档
ض棬֮ĽͨһɽҪ
ӲһʱХڿգٶȳ¿ѹȶ£ռ䶼ѵĴ̶ХĿ¡
䣡ַħݣһƿֲĿռ䲨¿׹ǧһ֮ʱ嶸Ȼʧԭأ·͸գǿߵǰȨ͵ĳŶԷԴ˹ȥ
ǣڴ֮ϣѣַͨɲǳ뿪ɸоһĲϵľƷʥֹһ
䣡ַŭһʱƬս͸ԷԺУҪʴԷ־
𣡡ǿŭһȫŲһ̤嶸Ȼʧַɱ˹ȥĿֲ촫ѪʱһƬգ·ؽ磬ַоԼɽƬնǳޱȵĽɫ
صǿ߼γֶûնɱַ㣬ԵЩˣʹѪ
ַĿⶸȻ̣ռ֮ҪٶȶߣȻһȴֻ˺˼׵ľ룬Ƭؽ統УƷʥǿʵƣ޷ӳȨȻɲǳۡ
ŶԷԼɱַĿȴŵŵʬ壬ǸղŻɱʮеļˡ
Ȩ֮Уſֲʱʬ鸴ա
ɱַ³һ֣һâɱַǿ߹ȥͬʱַȨǺؽ磬֪鵲סԷĹ
𣡡
ɫڣַŲ͵̧ħ죬ؽ˳ȥ
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ǣַ屻˳ȥڵ֮ʱŲˣֱ΢΢ǣ˲١
촫ַڵѪȻδ䣬ѪڵѪҺѪ
һַȡη£ͬʱȫɿĻָԼơ
Ȼ겻ɢӰдϢʱ䣬ٵĳ˹
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ַüѿ֣̼䣬ĺ͵˳ȥĻģַʥеĻġ
ֲĻ֮˶ԷʴһУ֮·Ҫڡ
ǿ߲ҽһΪ۾ʴ˲ޱȴʹֻоҲ޷
ɱ
ɱ
ַͶԷͬʱһȨԷԴԷĽ֮ƴ͸ĵĺַ塣
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ַ˳ȥɳ˼ײźݺݵ˵ϣ۵һ³һѪؿһֻɫƷ·ӡеѪ֮ɫɣ͸һĨ֮⣬ƴ㽫ԷնˣӻĺȡĻĺӶõˡ
˿Ҳô룬ͬˣӵܶѣܹһֱȥ
ף˿̣ӳԶŭһһǿ߼ٵĸʱϮɱǿ¶ɫƬȫǷ籩ɳ裬һɳ籩㡣
͡͡һֱɱȥ쵽˼ĵز漴֮ϳһâӿնɱ£촫Ѫӷ籩зģ籩ƽϢٶȳ棬ͳ΢м֮⣬ȴ˿Ӱֹ°
£⵽֮һ֮΢΢Ϊͬʱǿ߰ﵶӽɾҲߣߺ¡
лλʱϵ˸ɨȺһۣû̫Ĳ漴ĽŲַ˸ȻҲǱַնɱǿߵʬ壬вɵһ˿ɫ
ܴ̼ɣַ¶һĨЦݣǵЦǿȴ޷ֻƺôˣõӵĸüͷ壬˵һۣӵҲһâʱ˫Ȼ
£˭ŴߵַǰһĨɱΣַ΢ͣϼһҪԼ
עԴǣĮ³һ
ףֻǵ´˴ι¹شΪ˵°Σ˲Եɱ˿ڡ
һ䣬ɨӵһۣ漴ߵַߣ΢΢£ֱַۣһĻȺ΢΢˽
ˣὫַ𣬶ŵţĿĮĵ


1329 ѩ۹
ˣԼܵĶõ֮ǵӣͷһθΪ·Ҫַ㴩͸
ַԼ֮ҲһĨɫֻһţ˫ڰĮħͫǰȺЩ˾ȻɱֻΪһô
ҪϵԼˣĹϵƺô򵥣
¼Ϊ˱ҲҪԼĿ䣬ַƿĵ
ڿЦ𣡡пַϣƺΪȴɴ֮⡣
ַŵţǷڰ˻ľУҲںˡ
ţİ֮һع۹ϲ£Ǻ⣡ʱһλ̤ǰ׳˶Ϣǿ󡢺೤һѪǿʢǿޣͬҲһλ
ֻǵĵɱζѣȻ˵ǿЦҵŵȻģңӭ»ع۹Ż£ʱ֮˷׷˵ԣóһ·ỤС
£ǻص۹ɣ׳˶Ҳ˵һЩǿػңȻ뵶ңɲͬ
鷳ˣ΢΢ͷ漴ַ㲢糯ǰ˸ǿ߻࣬һ·ͨ裬ûй̫ãַƬͨռľͷַǰʮַͨĻʮͨе꣬ǶӦžʮʮ۹
ǰ·ֱ̤֮еһͨ޿ռ䵱͵ĵ·һٶȺܿ죬ѵ֮ͨ˰ʱַڿڣ֮ǿʢռ䲨ǴͨʵʵĿռԼ޵Ŀռ䣬Ҳζһѷ֮أȴַԶպϣȻӵпֲĲ
£룡Լ׳˶ֹסŲָ˵ΪںСϾһѷڣѷԽҪպϾԽ
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ˣһŲ̤ȥƬıɽʯзǳžַ̤⳾ı֮ʱŲȴ΢΢һңʯˣ˱ˣ·ĵ񣬵ַȴоõˡ
ַĻλˣӦñǳȴ۾ڱϣûκηӦ
һ֮ͨУַΪԼ߳˶ǰһ֮ͨǻڱ統С
˳ͨһ·˳ȥڣַ磬ǰǲ׳һĻСȴ޾ĳǳؽԼͬϰȺ۵ף˿ڵĵط׸ߵı֮ϣңֻڱİɽ
ͷʲôַһ
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ԶһƵı֮ѩżģ֮⣬ƺཻ
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ʮ֮һѩ۹˵ַ΢΢ͷλ²⵽ˣȻʮ֮һƷ۹
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Ƕȥɣص֮ʱŵŵ˵
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὿޵Цţ󲻾ǰǽȻͬһʡ
ôȷңַ˫ڵԭƽʵ
ħصľ硢ֲԽսְУεϢô᲻֪὿Ц˵𾪵ǣóַͨ㣬óħǿ꣬ȻͬһˣѹԸóħַǿƶء
ÿ˶ԼܣӲҲһôûܡ֮⣬ƿˮ֮ɹʥŮΪУھʮȴ߹ĹʵЩɻӼȻǵ۹ΪβԶǧǰ˻ľأַ֮ͬᣬ˵
ƺһ˼飬Ʒ۹֮Ҫжӣƺˡ
ڱѩ۹ʱ䣬׵ģϾڵ㣬ҵˣ٣һǣÿһЦݶȻ֮⡣
ҵˣɵúú׼һ£ԺҪҵĸʺĸ󣬱ѩ۹ıʡԼѩ


1330 ջ
ʡѩַĿ⿴ᣬʵʣ
ǵģ΢Цŵͷѩ۹ʺѩǿߡ
ʮӦ˻ľͬȼĴڣֻʥΪأС˵ʥݶĴڣַеһоŵڴ֮⣬ʥݣ½룬Ǵ½֮˵ĹʶȻַȴ̸ʥݣƺ֪ޡ
ַһɻ󣬰ȣʥݣܹ̤ġ
ӣʥݣ˵٣ַһ֪һЩϢҲһ
ֻ˵ʥǾ½룬Ψӵǿʵл̤㣬ҲѯʹʥݵϢҵĸ׻ʦ𣬶Ǳտڲԣֻ˵ȵҸ֪ʱԻ֪ͬ͸¶Ծ½֮صĺ档
˵˻ľڻ֮ԼԼʮĵ۹֮ԼʥЩϵ˵һʱַ΢˰˻ľڻ֮Լ⣬ʮҲڵ۹֮Լ
ַ֪У̤ʥݵģЩеĴ⣬ΨҲСţԼĸףƵǣϺĸףƺԸԼǰʥݡ
ҲЩǰȥɣֻǼڲԶѣַһƬӵʷҲ֮ˣħʡ콣ʣǶƬĴ¹ԼĽӡǣΪ伣ûϢȥ
Уҵȱѵڰ˻
Ҳд֮գǧ㣬λʣ£⣬˻ľѵûǿܹ֮
һУƺָʥݣҲܹҵЩȱ㼣հǵĴ˵
ͬԤϵİ㣬ԶմһȵϢַĿת㿴֮һȺѩ׵Ľʿ̤ն
£룡Ϊ֮˵ı֮֮ϣâĿԷȴż⡣
ңԾӸµĿǣ˵
ַüͷ壬Է̬ȣƺΪѰζǹ£Щ׵Ľʿȴ˷
뵽ͨܵĴɱԼŵ˶ػַоѩ۹ĻʹУд᲻͡
ңͬݵߣӡ
ЩʿʵȷʵǿͨľʿΪǵͽ䣬Ϊ֮ˣأһѩǿʢݣǱֲˡ
ڶ˭˵ѽȻ֮ȫ֣·ڱѩ۹ǰᡣ
ƺܵϵĺ⣬ǽʿԵЩ㣬뵽ԼЧ֮ˣְף·Įĵ£Ѿǡ
˵գһнʿڿնȥ˿ûн·˼
ҵˣ㿴Ǿô۸˵ģﲨתƸղŵѾȻ˰㣬ĵַ㡣
ʵɱҲѰɣַ㲻Ϊƽ˵
ԹĿַһۣ·ַûΪͷ
˵ɣҵļֵģַ˾䡣
һ˿ɫǳЦֻҪҵ˱ˣ
ַʼ磬ҿɲϰ߲׵ıãӻ˵ĺãַ֮Ƿʲô£ܱ֤һվһߡ
ַ˵Ŀתᣬ˫峺ɾ
ɺԹ֮⣬Ϊˡ
ʮʵֻʮ۹Ȱ˻ľҪ٣ȻʮʵȰ˻ľֻǿʮ۹жȣǰ˻ľ屶֮࣬ʮ۹ԭǣʮ۹С
ַĿжַҪʲôַ㣬Ҫ˽ʵϢԣַ㡣
Ǳѩ۹ѩ˵ָǸƵͨƷ·ڲ֮ϡ
ʮ۹ıԴʥݣǾҲֻ֪ǵ۹Ҳ޷̤㣬Ψڰһȵĵ۹Լ֮ǰŻῪһأ۹ԼӦŰ˻ľڻԼ²⣬˻ľʺʮ۹ǻнӴģ֪۹Լڻ֮Լͬһտ
ַĻΪݣȻĻо˳Ծ۹ԼͰ˻ľڻ֮Լͬһտǧ˿Ƶϵң۹Լ֮ǰŻῪһأ˵ʮʮ۹еԴʥݣһ޲Ԥʾţڻ֮Լ͵۹Լϵʥݡ
йϵ𣿡ַЩɻĵ
Ȼйأڱѩ۹ʷУ۹ߣṲ̊ѩУֱѩ֣Ҫأȴܵǰδеգ˫һŮҪ̤ѩУǰҪˣ
䣬·ҪַС
ַɻ֮ʵҲףΪθһĽֻŮҪˣ
ѩ۹ʵƿһֱˣţѩĴ֮ȴŮˣѩ۹ƿߴṲ̊ѩҪԼеõ֮ΪѩǿƣʲòЭһһĽֱǣṲ̊ҪˣΪѩŮ񣬲ὫĴдһٴŮӣ
пַϣĿ͸ż֮⣬·ҪַΪ䡣
ô˵ŮҪ̤ʵˣֻҪŮ˲ٴˡַĿ⿴ߵףʵ
ǵģͷ
αҪң
ΪڻǴģˮַ³һ磬İʾջκһ˷
ҵˣҪҪ㣬Ҳٴ࣡
һãκ˶Եֿģ˻ľɹʥŮѩ۹ĹҪַ㣬һ䡣
Ϊʲôң
տʼ˵ҪߣҲûߺַһˣҳϣĶˣȻҪ䣬Ϊβѡһ˶䣡
սûأַʵ
ұھʮѡһˣǵӣЦɣַȴ·һҲ£ΪŮ˵ĺݣԼĺݣΪ̤ѩƺ⽫Լһİˡ
ֵɹʥŮѩ۹ĹңԼҲ˵ѩŮ񣬲ὫĴдһٴŮӡ
Դѡɹһ𣬾ͳжһ죬ĴУֻҵ
ỺЦҵˣж䣬ǺܺڵΪѾ۷壬ҲܹͻƳ𣬸οҲôɣ
ַҡͷЦһ


1331 ۹
ַ΢΢ƹԴֽ˵򦣬ǳЦӾһ㲻ʼ
ǳЦţַܷܷĲӣַ³һ磬˫Ȼˮ㣬˳޷԰Ρ
֮˻ˡַ㻹ַ㣬գҵ˿ռңջַɿָ漴΢΢ڲϵƿûȥ˫۾֮壬ܹ˵֮ԼὫ͵
Ҫȥʺѩ𣡡ַ̧Ųŵȥ
ῴַıӰԹˮƣ׷ַ㣬ֱϣ˵ٶȴҵˣڵ϶䣡
ӣַһ⣬˵һսеɱַ㲢δϣôڶӱԼε֮˽֮ʱӵɱѾŭַ㡣
˸䣬Ǹıѩ·һΰ֮Уѩճ䣬ɲаڻ֮󣬷ΪľӨ͸ʶĿ
ûκεʵϱѩ۹ڵĵطҪ
ˣҵŮˣַ˻δһԶԶĴ˳ַָֺƣѩڣ棬ȴɽ޴ʯ֮ϣһŮͼ񣬷·ǱѩŮĵܡ
ڴǰһǣмʮ֮࣬עĿģȻǰλϵˣһһң׷λһȳƣ·һַ꣬һ̤ɲǣĿַɨһۣһɳǵĺ·Ҫַ꣬䵽˹赱С
ˣӦǱˡ
λ֮ϣһŮӣ򵥡ɾһѩɫۣ˳Ⱦ֪˶µȴͬʮˣַ㲻ò̾ǿʵഺפ
ӹɣ⿴ֻһЩŮӣѩɡ
ڱʺѩ׷򣬶ŲٵӰ£Ӷ࣬ӺݻǱãȴâ˸ϢһѰӵܣЩ꣬ӦöǵۻʹС
ѩ£ȴֻиղŵšӣԼ׳˶Լһλ꣬ˡ
ʡĸףֱַǰűʺѩ΢΢ַҲ΢΢Ƿǰ
ҵŮԽԽˡѩվߵǰգɾ͸ŴȰ֮⣬ȻһĻȴַоЩŹ֣վһ飬ԸǽãĸŮ
ѩĿ΢΢תַϣǳЦŵŮСô
ַԣСˣ
ҵŮѩᣬʼַ㣬ߵĻλλ¡
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ղŴĳƺҲƲһ㣬ƺΪʣƺѩΪĸס
ѩ۹ľƣòƺͰ˻ľȫһͬΪ𣬵ͬ۹𣬵Ȼ̨һ˫ͬģַеʺѩжľ档
˵ʲϣṲ̊ѩУΪ˹һУѩȴء
ʶˣһˣ建Ŀַϣ˫˪о¶һĨ˵Ц⣬һĻվŵĵĿһâûп˵¶ˮɫ
ǸʻǵĻ̤֮ǰ˻֤ʿģ˵˵֤ȻǺ⡣
΢΢˵ͷȻѾ˾Ȼ˵ʲôֻǾЩϧʵУû㿴۵ģ
λֶ㣬䲻ϣǫѷ˵Ȼѡãǽ޷Ƶľ棬ûַ㣬Ըѡ񵶺ӡ
ҵΪԻ١ʱַһλ۵˵˾䣬޳żֹ˿̵ĿӦΪֶԻõİĽ֮⣬ȻȴԸһҲԸΪһᣬΪΪöеֵ
ֵֻ죡˵Ŀַ⳯㿴һۣо֮⣬Ƿһ̷·ȴһɶ
ȻˣΪҲԣ˵Ŀ⿴ѩ֪ĸο£
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ֵ۹֮ߣԶʱΪ۹ȹǿڵ۹֮Уѩ۹֮ˣͬ飬Ȼǵ۹ףȻҪ縺Ρ
ȻѭŮԸȻŮиõѡҲ⣡ѩƽЦŻӦһ
ĸ׶ˣȻŮѾѡ񣬱㲻ģЦŻӦ
⣬õҲ˵̫ԣٶȿ˵һӺݻһĨ⣬˿ûȥʲô
ҵƢôãҪЩֶηԿҲҪ˵õûѹƽĻӦһ֮⡣
ַһֱǣڵŵħ⣬ìܣƺеҪز٣Ҳѹ޿ռ֮л˽ɱˣﵱűѩ涼ˣοǱС
ӹɣɱˣȻǶȺеĳĳЩַҲܹЩʿ̬ˣȻǱһ֮ˣվѩĵŵˣѩһɡ
˫УƿԼ໥ƽǣơ
ҲϣЩƢЦ£ʡĸ󣬺ˣ
˵գűѩ΢΢Ƿ漴ֿ᣺ҵĴ֮ţʱΪó
ЦЦ建˳ӰͦñֱһĨѩĴУԲܵŮУᣬΪһ۹ôкܳһʱգӣһį


1332 ɽѩ
ֻƢϲҲˣΪ㻹Ӧÿһʶƽ˵ͬһ㣬ûܹ˫Уʲô
ʵĻ˼סˡᰲĻӦһ˵վʡĸûʲô£Ҳˣ
ţȥɣˣúȡ̤ǰʵ̤һ̨ףһõеĻ࣬յĵ۹ԼҲʮŽһЩѩЦ˵
ĸ֮ԣ΢΢Ƿ漴§ֱַ۳Ŵȥ
ַȻ⣬еտɲô죬˫Ķǣоѹ֣ѩ֮䣬Ҳƺȱʲô
Լѵĳȣַ߳嫺ΰʹУȴǰһŮӳ
ЩŮһݣˮѩƵָƣǱƺǳ
˽ˣ
˵˽ȥ˰˻ľǱһɺá
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ЩŮһһ˿˿̵ζУַüͷôϵôңǳƺѩƺҲΪĸ
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ôᣬǽĻ˾ɷ򣬲֪ˣһŮ˵ţĿȴЦᡣ
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ᵭЦ£ֱַ΢΢ɿЦŴҵˣķŭɣʲô飬Ҷһ𣡡
ַһڵħ⣬ǰŮΪһأȴӦء
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£Цַ
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ǸַĤеĻֻоͷ΢΢£Ϊ˵ѩ
ҴȥطɢɢģŮطֱַڿն𣬾бϷȥַ׷㣬ǸƵıѩⲢǾͷѩһˣããһ޼ʣҲıɽ
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ҵˣΪҲժһ𣡡
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Ὣӹ͸ʣЦڱѩ۹֮أСʱϲڱбܣժűҵĸףһͨˣᰲĸҵߣĬĬػңֱҵУ
ѩַĿ΢΢һ
ǵģѩ㿴ޣӦɺЦ˵һô㣬ܹ̫ΪΪ
Ϊҵĸ׵˰꣬Ҹװ죬Ȼҵĸɱ˵ǲƽ˵ţַȴ΢΢ţô˵ЩŮ˶ѩŮ
µûЩŮˣѩŮңӦúͬԣˣֻĹߡЦ˵⾪ĶǵĹ¡
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ȥ˻ľΪɹʥŮַ㿴ѵҲҪѩһУȻնйϵˣ
ôܺһôɱҵˡ˫ַֹ㣬˿ǳЦ˵ҪɱֻһҪɱɲôףҵˣһҪң
һҪѩַ
ǵģһ᲻ɵĵͷڱѩ۹йϵĴ˵ΪŮժ±еıζҪػҲһֱػңֻһѣӦңҵˣ
ˮ彥ַӣ֮ͷţ·ַеҲȼ


1333 ַ
ҲһǸѩУַܵĽԼ壬ͬʱ֮ܵʴԽԽȡ
΢΢ż⣬㴥ַ촽£ԽԽ·һַ֮ڡ
ҲһǸҲǸɾҵˣеĵһˣҲһ㽫ռҡַıϢַ·ܹܵǹŮеϢ
˻һ˺ѵڱѩлص漴ַֻ±˺һڿռпҵķ˵棬·һ䴿ı
ֻʣһ£Ͼļûа覴ãͬѩ㣬Ǳ΢΢ʱ˺ѵ첻ϣַ˺ѷ飬ֻʣһ뼡еʥס
ҵˣΪ˽ȥ𣡡·Ҫַڻץַ֣ѩļ֮ϣЩȴޱȹ⻬
ȷڣַӽȼһɻ档
һ죬˵һУ㣬ңһ󣬲ҪκεĸẬ̺鴺⣬΢΢£ѩ׵ĸ֮ˡ
ѩַ棬ȼĽȥ·¾ѩı
Ŀ֮û覴õŮ壬ַ뼡ʥʧ˵˳Ƶ˵ı֮Уг١
ҵˣһָ㣬ȼԼ˵ַȴѾĽ϶䣬ޣ֪˶ãһޱ֮³˵ںһ
һַԺУָг٣ںһˣȴһУУΨȼյھͷţȴʱš
ַûйյĸоҶҲˮ齻ڣŨŨİ֮⣬ûһķйͷţ˳ָ·ϵġϵһȫȴҲˣΨڵľ·ڽȼա
ʱַ㣬о񶼻ؽڡ֮֮оƬ֮䣬ΨĽϣڵħ֮⡢֮֮·ڷٵתš
칦Ů֮Уж䡢٣ＫطΪաΪᣬ֮ȴ·һľ֮ΪΪֻҪеĳ١
ãã֮ϣ޾ıѩ֮У֮ƺһƬѩףΨһطһ˺ɵı͸ԿڷĲࡣ
֪ȥ˶ãʧӰ΢΢ǣͷʣŮ˿ϾһƬ죬˵ĻС
ڴʱͻȻ嶸ȻڿնһҪȥ
ŮҲԹȥıӰĵĵҵˣƺһ㲻
˵գĿ⿴һ۵ϴһĨ죬ӣ΢΢֮봢ָУ漴ŮҲڿն׷ȥķ˸׷ȥ
ת˲䣬һҹʱ仺ȥĹ֮Уһ䷿֮ڣһĿֲħ·ԵøĳأƺʱըѰ㡣
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ҵˣͻƵĶô󣡡Ǽ䷿ݣħ嫡ֲ
ǣڣ·޷ɿֲħ֮Ǽ䷿ֱըѣһɺƵħ·ҪֱǧڣеĽ֮⣬֮УƳһƬֲķħơ
ῴһĻĿɿڴ漴¶һĨЦ⶯δЩͷˡ
ǿʢĽޣģȻǿħħһħžˣΨл֮֮ܳΪ
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˭ٲҵ̤ҵĹ֮Уɱ⣡ĺһֱӴƽƣͬʱģмҽ֮Ǽ˱ˮ֮幥ֱû˺ѵʬǶ
˸Ǻ棬ȫĿͶڵĺ嫹֮УǷݵħƣǡ
ƺΪǿƣȻûڵĹֱ֮ħ࣬ɴֱԽƵַ㷿ϢһܲǿʢħϢˡ
֮󣬺ƵħƽϢ̨֮ͤеȴַķ䣬૵ӦóŶԣ
·ϸһ˿ʣܿ죬΢콥ſֲķַ֮ڵ֮гѪĹâ貶Ŀ·˿磬ͬŭҪռ䡣
գ£ҪҪôĶҪ֪Ѿ˽ƣ˿ֲ·Ǽķݵھſ籩㡣
ת˲֮䣬ǼȥķƽϢһ죬һ漴ڵĴϿշĿɨǼ䷿һۡ
£߳Ӷ΢΢ǷȴδƺûնĹ
𣿡Įʵ
Ҫµһսս˷·Ҫʹ֪
üͷһһâҵûգ뿪ɣ
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Ŀһâ建ڿգȻȴڴʱֻһӰ٣Ȼǵŵȵ֮ˡ
£ſĺ΢΢Ƿ
£
£սˣǾѩͬ⣬ĪҪ֡ƽ
Ψһ³õһ
ĿѿǼ䷿ݵų𣡡
ͷųһƺ⡣
ŵˣӣߣ֮˸뿪ȻҪս˵ϢܿӶΪˣܾս


1334 Եħ
ʹУһԺУһйۼڴ˵أмۣȻȻã߹ȻۻʹƷơ
޾ıɽϵĻʹȻܽһ֮ˣѩ۹Կʳǣۻʽ£ԡԣԽǿԽȼɭϣҲĦϡĶǣһʱѩ˫𣬸ʹֻ
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ᾹȻ˸˻ҽҪѡһûеҡûеʲôˣսַ㣬ҪַҲΪ˳֮¡
ƺͻƣҪ̤𾳽ˣ۵΢΢˿ڱ֮ƣЦ
𡭡Ц֮ˣ֮ˣһϣͻ𣬿Ц
ȥΪѾ̤ؾսض׾٣ֻһɶսˡһŮݣЦŮҲǹŮ˵ŲͶȥĿ⣬ͼгһϻ齣ڻ¡
Ů˲ʶ̧٣¿ĸ֣ȻҸЦ磬һΣ
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ղЦվĿ˸Żӵ£ǰṬ˵ǰһˣ裬ǲһ裡
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ȻƬ֮мʿͨһֱṬϿա
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һûգϺͷţһĨɱ
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ʱ仺Ķȹѩ۹Ļʹ֮ƺжһȡ֮£ӵÿձصĹ֮УȻۼʱᶼǾܾȻ֪ӵǽַ㡣
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תۼ䣬ʱȥʱַŲǵòȡЦûȻ׼һֱ㵽ֻ֮ʣһ£Ҫˡ
Ƶˣ칦ж䣬õĪĺôΪֱ̤أ۷֮ƣΪַԵʣһֱ޷ԼΪȥ֮硣
ӵÿձصսҲΣȻЩô룬վǲġ
һˣַǰ̨֮ͤУбˣԶһʮղڻ֮Լ
ѽʱһ촫Ļ֮һԵø΢΢£漴ĿתǼñյķȥ¶һĨǵЦ
ʱַ˫ӵûǿƣϢ·ȫϢƽͣƷ豹棬ַĹȥ֮ʱйһ״̬쳾Уǳ֮ܵʴȾ޷⡣
˸ַߣܷܷ֣޹ǣϰԵĹַĲӣ忿ַϣҵˣóˣ
ҲҸճرٶջұչذɣַЦ˵֮͸һĨ֮⣬£ĸܸӵַͻ䣬ƺˣȻͬǰַҲ񣬵ȴƺûд˿ţҪһݴ˿̵ַ㣬Ӧǣɣ
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˭ҶУӿ޾ȻַɵаУָоƺЩ·ҪУ䣬⹴Ȼǿˣò̾칦ǿˣͨǳ׶䡢޷԰Ρ
ֺγҶУַһĨİԵ֮⣬
὿Цһգȫ㣬ҵˣ䣡
ᶯ˵ַ
˵գĽֱӱסķ֮УƬ֮һ֮˹ͬС
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˿ַһ߳΢΢һͣ漴ĮЦڿϳˣ
£ַ㿴һλʿҲҾӸ£ĿĮ
Ҫ㣡˸߰˵·Ҫַ㣬ַĪҫ
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˵ҪңҶԼûȤַ˵
ܺãһâ漴ת׼ȥ
ȵȣַͣ£תַ㻹ʲô
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䣡ַŲ̤漴һֲȭͷϣԵ׵ڲݣֱӱ䵽˹֮⡣
ŮʲôݣҲվͷ˵ԵĮַ³ԶԶĴݳȥ


1335 շѹ
һƴ˶ƽַ㣬Դѩ۹Ļʹڵڶ¶棬ңһǿƵֱ̬ӽһصļʿ˳ȥ
һȭ·ҲЩлɢһصƿַ֮ǰԵһŮʲôݣҲվͷ˵δһ֮С
ַ彵ߣ˫֮͸һĨˮЦݣַҵˣƺòһˣԵˣ
𣡡ַǹһĨЦ⣬ǰŮˣȶ䣬ɸоƮȻɣ·޲Զ¡
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һʿѣͨһ࣬ħȷˣһַ֣ƽ˵һ֮ͨˣκεԺ֮УѾϰߡ
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ҵˣʮ죬ʮ죬ٲóƺΪӰɣԹַ㡣
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ĵ磬һ֮Ϊѩһ֮ˣŮӾӶ࣬ˣвŮ򼵶ᣬΪѩ˴ѡУ̤еΨһ˲Żһַ߳ʹ֮ʱơ
ȻֻǲŮˣŮ˪ϲԣֻĬĬԼһĸѡᣬôζţһΣǶлᣬѩ˴εĿģΪɹ档
ЩŮӵ׷һӰվǣԵøۣͷţͬ˫˫ӶԶڷһƵâŶΪַ㣬ڴ֮Ρ飬޷˹飬̤ѩС
ӵŵӿһۣЦ˵õ׾ܻ֮ˣ⵹صľеǷҲᱻ׻ܣ
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˵¶֮⣬ַ㣬Ϊƣ͵촫ϣѾеͷš
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ַߵ˵ҪǰԵޱȵӸȻµ΢΢Щַ̺İ֮·Ҫѹ壬ֻվǣ͸һϢѹ·ˣԵΨҶ
ϣշѹ


1336 ȭ𵶺
ѩ۹Ĺӵʵǿʢܹ׻ͬͨԽսнʸ
Ȼַħܿǵ۾ڱѩ۹ǻӣҲʾѣڹϣַӵоƣڿ֮ħİԵƺԣַ֮УǰΪأַվǰɸоͬӸɽ㣬ַ¶İ֮Ϣ֮С
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˱ַѹȣɫѿ¶֮ͷŶ·Ҫ˶Ȼɱַϵİ֮ײȴûκεƣ޷ǹɿֲѹϵѹ֮еģ·ܹݻ˵˵־
³֣ȻĻ䣬ȴַĴֶȻ̽ڵħ͸һѹֵϢԵֲ
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ǣԵޱȵݿ̤࣬һУ֮飬ֲħԵףݻһС
ֻ֮䣬ַڵħƱ˶ԷĲϣǹϢѹӵĿ£ɫޱȣ¶彥գǿֲħ֮־֮С
ôҵģַ³һĮΧȺһû뵽˾Ȼ˵ǿơ
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ӵΪӷ磬㾹Ȼ˲ӣòʶ̧ٵĶһ˵ַԣΪַ㣬ȴδ뵽ַ̤ǿƵ̬һˣǷоЩ
Ϊҽӷ磿ֻڸ̸ۣҪңӣΪʲôҪӣַڵɨˣ漴ĽŻ̧Ȼ䳯ŵϵ̤ȺҲ΢΢鴤¡
ҵĺԵøĴ̶дڵѪȫѣڷڲݣ˵ַܹ㣬Ȼ˿ַ̣ȴŰɱ
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ӵĻӵһķâͬ
ľ硣建תַ㣬ɱ˸һĵХҪַնɱ
ַڵϣǹɰ֮ŶԵӵĿֲȻ壬㵶ޱߣ԰Ե֮֮
Ҫս䣬ַսʤ
սȺĿһͣԼңȻҪַǵնɱַ㣬û˻ңЧѩѩıõӳΪˣһַ㣬ѩȥᣬǵܹնַ㣬ѩһ˵ʲô
ԣǣսնˡ
ңֻʵսʥ֮ӲһַӵһȨȣ͸ſֲǳѶԸңƺһռʥܹ˲ƶƾʥԼƣַնɱһλصˣӲòСģĿնַ㣬Ǳַն
ôȷҲַ֣ЦõӳΪ̤֮һնˡ
Ӧսսֱֳû˻ǣǳЦ˵һսǳԸ⿴ַǵӰܣԣֵø֮¡
Ǳ㣬սɣַѪħ֮תݣ·Ҫ⣬ж䣬ͻΪַֻ֣֮о·Ҫսһ֮׷йȻսܾܾ
ãκ˲̤벽ӵ³һЦ漴ַЦǣԿʼˣ
䣡ӵ˲Ϣʱ֮ݺأХ֮ޱߣնҪǹǿʢĵնϡ
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ֱַ̧һȭɱʱâ飬ַƶϣħݣֱǧףԵ֮ʹÿռϢͬħۡ
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ˣַһ̤ղ뵽ңУټϷ֮Լռ壬һε֮죬ǲ̤Ƿޱߵĵ֮ϳ˵ӣ쵽ͬһ㡣
ӵһͣÿֲٶȣ̫ˡ
ȺҲͷ΢ַһ̤֮ʱкһƣƲʥ֮ʹޱң
ӣַһȣʱӵ̧𣬶ַ㣬漴һ˫޾ͫףĿֲħֱӳԺĵУ·𿴵˶صħ𣬿˰ľħϵĳԺÿһ񾭣촫·𿴵һƾȪˮڴһ̣ؾݣذֻһۣ޷԰Ρ
䣡
һ𺳵Ⱥÿһ񾭣ַһȭ˵ĵӵԴϣֲõԴֱӱѡ
նһҵĺȵַ³ޱߵħ֮ȭɱڵӵϣҲֱըѿűУһɱҪʥô


1337 ս
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ǳЦɣˣͻΪ󣬹ȻԵأ
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ռƺַֻʣһƬţû˵ղЩһַ㲻мһ˵ȺĬˣӵʵأսԳԽأںϰ嵶ܹһնɱͨǿߣǣַǰֻһȭ㱻Ĩɱ
ܹ˿˵Ǳѩ۹һЩӢǿߣÿһ˶նɱһͨͬױ֮ˣвܹԽսԽ࣬ʼĵҲһǸԽս֮ˣǣȺûмַͬһı̬̤֮һȭǿĨɱܹնĵӡ
ַһȭɱĲǵӣҲ˵ţѩ۹˹ѡˣֻѡѣ
ôưˣղ۵òǺôַĮ˵ǹεİԵѹȺԽоϢ֮Уаһδ̫ԵЩɱ˵ӾôߣѵҪǵǸɣ
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ѩؽ٣շ·ҪΪ˪ħ֮ϸϴ׵ıѩЩǿûлУûžûΨѪ֮Լ֮
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ֻѪ˸еϢֲ̫ˣ޷ַ̤֮ΪܹӵǿʢѪ֮ѵһҲʵòɡ
ַѪǿʢԭΪַѪǰŵѪҺδѪ̤֮ѪҺѪѪ׻Ѫ֮ҲΪͻ֮ʱ״֮ͬŭ𣬾ԡ
ǣ޾ַǿٶ̤һ¡ľ޴طݣƣԽԽǿʢ£ȺС
𡭡ַ㳤ХһħХǹ֮һ˳Ϣһغֱ֮ӿѪɫҰף֮ҲƺһħħŭХ޷ܣ嶼оҪըѣͬʱ룬ǻǲսȫޣ


1338 ǿ
ƬջޱȣʹһƬؼĿꡣ
ַĿֲ֪ʹö־ȻͬʱһЩǿʢޱȵͬûҪݻ١
Ȼַ̤֮ǿټϺ嫰Եħ֮ԼǿʢµѪֻǴܺɱ֮ͨˣϾ˿ԵıЩսǿԽսһЩԼصˣǿ󹥻вַˡ
ֲȫԼû֮ʱַȻӿһǿʢĿռ䲨壬ȻʧԭأϿշ
¡¡һҵĹַվĵطʱƬռ䱩ңز
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ຮľ֮Ȫ·˶ص£͸ǵᴩ룬ǻоǵı䣬ǾģľȪˮ
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ַ֮УȪ죬·͸ȺᴩȺѪǵ壬ʱ˶оħ⣬·ԼأվھħȪԣ죬Ӱ·Ĳǵ굱УҲ޷Ĩȥ
أħ£ΪħΪַͣ³һ͸ģᴩȺǵ꣬ҪǵĻӡ
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նַһ³·ħ֮ɣأħΪǣ
ɱɱɱԼ֮µǿֱӳصɱȥħ·޷԰Σηǿ
ȥ֮ŭһ·ضҪ⣬ƿصİرѩ壬ر⣬Щ˵嶼ǡ
ͣһѩì͸գűѩֱӴ͸Щ˵壬ǶĶ
һԵ¶âȻҲδ뵽ַսǿʢֵزһ֮䣬ħ˶ħʴҪƣЩʵС֮ˣѾһλ̤֮˸ӵеս
ˣ㵹ǸΪһϲĿ⿴ᣬֻʱɺǳЦַǱߵս˿ҲҵĲš
ҵˣӾħõʲôµĴУеվħһȻַ֪߱㣬ȻҲַ֪̤վħǰħȪᴩ壬ûַ֪õʲô˿̣ῴַ𺳵սȴ²⵽һЩ˿̵Լڵ
ѩһЩ˿һݱɫΪַŮӸ̫ǿˣǼ޷һأܹսħ£Ҫس
ʱսеַ㿴֮ǿƵ̬նɱɱȥˣڵͫ׸䣬ذܹвˣһΣҪһɱ
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ᣡ˿һѪ·նȥһƬѩسַֹȥ֮Ҫ⡣
䣡ַһ߽⣬ٶʱһħ֣ѹȥħַ뽿ʥֻǱħǣѹƬѩء
ħ֮Ѿˣħ򲻺ʹóַаһַ֮ʱѩһսʹħ򣬲ʹˣҲܹϳǻ֮ǿǰһսҪ⣬ʹħձб¶Ŀˡ
ңǿ߷ǳ˿̸ɴ಻۾ǲ͸ħںħԼͷţвԷ
䣡ַȵЩܵħʴ֮ٶܵ䣬ʱ׵ıˣŭ
ɱħͬһڰɱҽϣ˱ֱշѹħڿ֮ʱ֮ϻŵˣѾ޼
Щ˵ƺմȾħϢ΢΢ţû뵽һս˵ľĶǣַѹȵ̶ֳȣ˿̣ǶľȣԺҵĲţħӰԼ֮Ȫӡǣ޷ɢ
䣡ַһ³ǵҲ޷ƵĲ£ĸпȻʱֻսƬ̣ȴһ˾ĴսãҪΪħū
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ΪħΪūɱȪˮ֣־٣Ȼ΢΢ͷ
ֱ֮ӳ֣һ֮ȳ֣ɨգʱ֮˵ֱӱѣɱնͬ顣
ǣ־ˣַ·̺һĨħ͸ǵ굱УǵȷЩ־ˣûս˵ľĶǣֻҪһͻ֮أΪħūַƣս̫ˣ־бĳ嶯սˡ
ս־Ѿ߽⣬ǻʲôսɱǣ׾١ͬħٶȴ֮ͬʱʴ룬УڱıԵ
һŭȻ̧ͷ漴һ˫ڵӡ۾ʼݣħӰٶӡ꣬Ĺᴩ壬ħӰǾħ۵ħȪˮǾħ
նһûпַ㣬𣬱ѩֱӳַɱȥصİͷš
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¡ǿʢֲײַȴһ˿֮Цݡ
ɱһ嶸Ȼʧ˲Ϣ˵ǰɫҰףոײҪٵֵַѾˣħȭͷըѣһˣ
֮УֻʣһˣĿãȻַ㣬壬ɻ΢΢š

ɣȭͷһκɱ˳ȥҪһ˵ʱǿߣȫַһˣ
һսģѩһľ
˿ûΪַɱô˶аĵģ෴ϵЦݣԽԽŨˣգַɱ˵ģ
ֻȻûϵˣԵ˹


1339 ˼
ԵħӰڵأַеĿֲħɢֻǻڵͫס
ϧҵħǿħ֮ҲԶԶ޷߶ħħ֣ǽ˲Ϊħַаû˱Լܹþħӳ˿̵̵ģھħ۵ħõħ־оħ۵һħټħԼħ壬߶ħ
˵նɱ˲ˣЩʵʵֱӣҪģǿնɱǿˣܺսնɱʵףȨȡħֲħȫʹöذˣɶַвСв
̤֮Ϊħ𣬵֮δȫϣܹǿֶΣںϰ彣ͨħ̺Ŀֲħ־ħƷʥ
ƾ贿ħټħֱ֮ͨɱˣȻ⻹ԶԶ
ַкһսĵʧ漴Ŀ⻺̧𣬳ӿȥ
ǵƺһҲ⣡ַЦ˵һӿɱ¾Ŀʼնƽһ㲻ΪЩ˵ŭҲΪǳͷַȫţΪã̳Ѫӣֻؾ磬ǸղȺǿģȻûгֵ˼
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ӣĿѱѵʬϣɫҰףޱѿ
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ӶȺ΢΢дżǸ⣬Ⱥпһֻоޱȷ߿
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ӵĹ֮УǲַɱˣַܽôȫնɱǸûйܰɣ
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͸ǿƵ̬ĿɨȺ˭Ҫҵˣȥĸ̸̸
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Ȩıַ֮ʼǲôóЩɱԼЩҲнˡ
ǻ֣ں˶ô룬ҲЩǷҳģΨʵֻҪ̤ʾ۹δԣҪģڱѩеõĺôƺΪһ޴вԣĿ겻Ϊ棬Ϊˣѩַ͵
ô˵ĿģҪжԸң
ǵģ۹һЩȨҲӵһЩ̤˵գַȻֻӾͲЩȨ̤Ҳ谭
ڽȥɱˣֻΪˣõϿɣЦ˵ֻҪϿˣַ㣬ˣ


1340 δıѩŮ
Ϊ˵õѩϿɣַЦЦ֮գܹһУȨɻǼλУ磬˱صϷ
ʹѩŹأַõѩϿɡ
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ṴַĲӣַϣ˱ǣ쳾Σ΢΢ַ촽
ˣҽȥ˵³ַҲȥֿŮ˵ۣŷȥܿҵ֮ڷ죬·һ£ַսһκս˿֮Уֻۣ
ַ㲻ĸоЩ£ѡ񳹵׶쳾У澡ӢܣǽǿµģûֿܹŮ˵ܹǿͿ֮󣬸ûֶܹܾ䣬Σ
ѩ۹ĻʹҹӰ˸űѩ󷽵ããѩȥ磬ܿʧƬããѩС
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ҵˣҰô죡޳޹ǵ˫ַϣѹַ壬Ƿ֮ؼѹַš
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һԵĻҲԿһЩߡ
ͭͷųԼȻûã֮ͭУֻӳĽƺûʲô쳣֮
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˵ͷ΢΢˲ΰӰʳ̻ӣ˿̶ׯޱȣͬŮ㴣ǣ£ϴ޾ĸ߰ͱѩ֮⣬·һ飬ѩŮ
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ǵδΪ˾ħ񣬶ҳΪ˱ѩŮʱΣЦ˵
ҽѩŮůַ¶Ե֮⣬Ц˵һǵ὿Цϡ
ˣɣʣ¶ݵĶʮգǷӦץЩʱ䣬úһҵ磡ַϣַ΢΢ͷһҳͭʱڲ֮䣬ڻ֮ԼҲֻʣʮˣҲ֪˻ľˣ
ǧз޿ռʱ򣬰˻ľѾʼ˶ڻ֮Լ٣¸ȷѪɡ
飬ģǶ
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1341 ܿ
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˿̣һ´ϣһŮǣĴһľ£˵ĲĿ
ԭΪŮ㶼ʷǷ䡢ī͸ΪΣȻˣŮӵǰԵЩȻ˻عͷģŮӡ
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Թźնˮǰǽˣ֮˭ܲʿִ䣬Ҳͬˣַ㲻֪ܵ˶ټʷĿ⣬и̾Լϵ֮ȻΪʣҲû˸ҶʲôҲ˼
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ת֮䣬ѩʨʿﳾȥʧ˽ֵϡ
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ƽͷĲ³ҡͷЦͷУ
ܿ죬ַ׷ǰıʨʿţÿһ̤ǡ
ˣŮ˰ɣԹַ㡣
һλǳҪõѣʦͬţѣַӦһ
ߣ὿һ΢΢ƲƲ죬мִ⣬ַȴֻЦҲ԰ο
㻹Цأˮ
ΪҳԴףҸеԺȻҪЦˣַЦ˵ĹϵǷǳɣ֣֮Ů֮ȴǰշޣôоЩλã


1342 
ʨʿŵٶȺܿ죬˴Լʱ䣬ʿһ嫵ĸۡǰŴԺΧ
īڱɽ۹ĻʳǵҲǿʢļ壬޷ȵģڿʨʿŽٵɲǣ˱аīҪˣȻҲпīһѡīҫ
˶վԶַڿն𣬽˾īǧ֮һ֮ϣңīңǾܿĻȻȥ¡
ʨʿŵ˲δīҹڵȴʲô㣬ʱԶһŭХ֮ϣһͷǿޱѩʨǵʨ͸֮Ⱥе߰㡣
ڱѩʨϿգмӰվ棬һλ꣬ԼλػߣȺȻ֪ݣҵϣ
īҫǼһҲǳ嶯ΪŮ˶϶֣ڣҪ군ˣ˰ۡ
俪վڱѩʨ֮ϣɢ³һʱ¿յʨŭ𣬼̤أǰȥ¡¡Ŀ촫īҵĴԼǽڣȫѣѩʿż̤ɷĩ
ڼͬʱī֮УһӰǰһЩ֮жžη֮⣬ǰ棬Ȼ˱ѺǰһĻʱȻīҹǴīҫˡ
ȻַĿ⿴ǱŮ֮ʱȻһâ
ַܿͷ΢ɻŸɾյŮ˲٣ƺζˣ˿̾ܿɫȴһ˿԰֮⣬ǣôܺܡ
ѣַʵ
šַ˵ͷܿԼһλ֪ôܻǣη;ܿԽһͬȥģȴֻܿҲ֪ηˡ
ȥ¡ַ˵˾䣬漴˸˲ʧԭء
ʱվ֮ϣī֮ˣĿо㶼Ǳ֮Ȼīҫˡ
ī֮ľһѩʨˣͷһͷ𣬶ʵ¡
ٽīҫүīԸ⽫ٽ⴦áʱΪ׵һλ˿˵īҫĴүүīҵƿߣīҫ쵰Ϊǳ
ȥ˵漴ѩʨīȺǰӱ䣬īҫ˵һ㲻֪ôģļ壬ҲҪԹԵĽ׳ڣ˵˵ҪҪŮˣ
ϣү֮ͬУʵΪأżҫϣǸ࣡īҫ䱻˫֮͸ŶϵĲмһˣ˵
ãܺãҲŭӺ䣬Ŀ漴һԵľܿ΢΢죺Ҿ͵ŮˣǷһҡβ
˵ţϵĽŲžܿȥаЦҵŮˣһܵģ
ŹīҫŭһƺַӦ
үүүү͸ĸīΣбңҪңҸԸܷȻܿīҺ޸Źīҫīҵļ
ұ죡īīҫһ֮ʣںһŮ˵
ǺǡϵЦ£īīϼҪʲô㲻ֹɣ
һүáī幧ĵҵǿǰ
ҪīԽŮ˵·أһ˿а֮ɫҵīҫǾܿīҵˣȫ׼Ѱɡ
īɫһǳÿϣҪɨء
ԻүİţīӦ˵ڼǰһУ
㻹֣а˵
īŲӲ漴ĳžܿȥ
ī壬īҫĿ죬԰׵գоʹ
ܿҶԲ㣡
㣬ãܿ˿˿ˮīҫ΢΢ҡͷīߵߣ۾΢΢ϣԺ֮ģȻպڷпõЦݣִ̽߸裬һ·ǰУôˣ
īƻĳžܿ϶ȥ΢Щͨ졣
ס֣ʱһ촫ī΢΢һ漴Ⱥֻһλ껺ĲȺм䡣
ܿ΢΢˲漴ӡģŲõЦݣ͸ղԺеһ
ˮĻ£ܿ΢΢û뵽ھʮ֮ʱ
ƺˣңõĿ⣬Ҳӵ䣡ܿ촽΢΢䶯£֪˵ʲôźãΪԼᰮīҫǿΪԼһеˣղŵһɲǣ֪޷˵ģȻȥȡҲûʸȥȡģƭԼ
ʱַѾжԼαװ¶˱ݣһĨõЦǰŮ
Χ˶ЩֵĿֵ꣬ƺ;ܿʶ
ַ㳯žܿīüĮĵ£㻹վסɣ
ַ΢΢̧ͷī壬ܿī֮ˣ
ǣī
ڸһλᣬڣܿɿңµǸַ˵һᣬֻһΣ
īַĻƺʲôЦЦ㣬ҲַЩЦµǸ
ˣӵһصΪҲΪףڣ̣īźâΪҵ£ͷˣٽ֦˵ַ֪Ҳ׶һߡ
һأһŶ꣬һλߣоȣīΪأһأƺЩ
ΪˡܺãַŲ̤̼䣬һ˵ɱޱߣīȻһǿʢɱ⣬·ǿĽС
ˣַ֮кһ貵ɱһУ޷졣
͡͡䣡ĽХڿգĳīȥȻȴַĲɲһ̤Ľⲻÿһ̤īֱ򽣴֮
ۡīĽŲ΢΢£з·ξˣޱŭһңҲʲô࣬һΪ̤֮ʱȻϢѹȸУ·ʱڽ¡

ǣĽȵīŲˣɫ԰ף
ܿ¶㵵ɫ촽΢΢䶯ţһգգĿַ㣬մѩ߳꣬Ѿǿʢֵزô


1343 
ź˵ī壬ַɨһۣߵܿߣ첻ϣǿʢĽֱӽιޱȵ˺ѵ
û°ɣַܿԴЦɲãܿĿ⿴ַ㣬漴΢΢ס
һԵīҫߵһĻ˿ȴһʹΪˣԼΪʲôʵô޷ԼİŮˡ
ܿЩ˶Ҫ㽻ԼƽЦǣûаϵ˵Ҹδǣַžܿһѯܿ
ַƽĻ΢Ѿī˵㡣
ܿīҫһۣ漴ֿȺҺҫʶûκιϵΪ˱ԼǽҫҪ׸⴦ãȻǲʣҲ壬ַ㣬ǿԵĻЩˣһ뿴ǡ
ַͷ΢ЩĿ˾ܿһۣǰľܿһ˵նɱĻģֻ˵ĲпĮ⼸һŮıˣȻԾܿǺ£Ĳп磬ݲôúݵʱ򣬻ǵùһЩЩַѾȡ㹻Ľѵ
һʱâ貣׵ŭ첻ϣ·Ҫգǿʢޱȡ
£ī䲻ãҲݲ񣡡īƸ֮ܵƣɫ΢Щѿܿѣһв
ɱַâһɱ¶ʱ׵磬ŭХ
̺͡ռ佣꣬磬˲Ϣīǰ
īŭһֲɱر֮ҪƬر⣬Ƭնк˪ʼӡ
նַŭһ֮۶ɣĻ뽣ȫڣһںںϣƺֱӳīնɱ
īŭһѪҪȻ̺ռ佣꣬ٶȿףһ죬īԴϳһüĴ͸ն
ī壬ĿңȴܿܿΪСŸ߽ѣƷ۹ֻǺͨĴڣ㲻ʲôǿΪλôǿʢֲѡ
ַĽֱնɱī壬ʱīɫ˲ҰףȻ
ۡۡۡЩܹܵɱԼ֮ˣ̺üֽͬв˰㣬ÿһ˸һѪɫڣ첻ϣԶȺһľ
ɱһ浹ɱ̫ǿơ
ܿû̫ȣ˵ǱȽ˽ַˣȻ߳ͱȻɣȻַʵеĲ
īҫż֮һѪ֮Уֻо·ֹͣȻҲʹЩˣЩˣϾѪˣַ¾ʱֻоһ޷ɢ
ҵʼնδ֣Ҳֻǿַɱ¾ī֮ˣ͸ЦλǿߴܷԸַ㣬õĴǿ϶ģַΪһأǶˣǿսΪأͬ׿һīҡ
ңַĽǿʢذ壬кüְǣƿصذ壬ַܹеģһ֮Ĳ࣬޷ֲ
īҫϵīҫһ仰ʵش־ܿ𣿡
ܿղ˵Ҫȫն
īҫɫһ漴˾ܿһۣ΢΢ҡͷô־ܿǶԾܿһУ㹻ǧٴˣ
ôãҪ֣ԶϣҪΪ֮˱Ҳңַīҫ˵ַܿĻֻоЩʧ䣬¶һĨЦݣīҫѾܺˣԴӶηⱻ֮󣬻īҫ߱ĻҲ֪ԼʲôˣѾҲ˵
ַֻ֪ǵѣãԵҲã
ϻ𣡡Ц˵һûȥᣬЩ˵һ
ַ建ת΢΢ʱϽŲ΢ˣĻսַ㣬ܣԶˡ
ַ͡еһ貵ĽâһѪ΢΢£漴ͷԼֱۡ
ʱʹŶȻϮһޱҵĺУһֱۣӲնˡ
ɱɱŭһû뵽ַһԲûа仰ֱӽնһֱۣʹ˵Ǿ仰
䣡ֲϢͷţϵͷݺݵĲ˲û뵽ַôֱӶ־նݶȥʣϵֱֱۣӾûˡ
ַ㿴˽٣Ų΢΢ǰ̤ʱĽŰͬˣûأݺգصǿߣܵϢζ
նַһɱɲǻߣӰֱӱնѣ̫ˣںϰ彣ͨǰһ˲նɱɲǻߣںѾԽԽƣֿܹġ
ӰʬڵϣΧ˵ĶݺݵĲ£һֻһնɱ
̫꣬ǿơҲ̫ǿ
һϢ֮У竵¶˿־֮⣬ҵսôնˣǿˡ
ɱɱϿַֽϺˣкɱ֣ȻѾûκεԵø
ˡѩʨ˸ȻֱӶˣܹΣַ˲նأȥ
ŵˣַһ³Ľһλ֮гʮɵĶĿâϵ屻ֱ˺ѵʨʿŵ˲֪ն˶٣ŵ˷Ķߣ¡¡첻ϣ·ܵò㣬īңȴʬ塣
īҫַ㣬оһĨԲλ֮Уʵ˭۸ܿ
ַ㾶ֱߵܿߣʵܿôôңԶ֮أ
˻ľʮǶλ֮أѩ¹ͨʮĵʵȰ˻ľҪԶһЩ˵˲֪پ롣
ԾܿʵôԶ̫ˣ
ַ㣬η츳ӦɱһΣ츳ԽԽһֱҪĴ翴һ·ηһ𣬳η֮ҫ˱ɽ۹
ηأȥַ㷢֣ηǼһ츳ǿ滹ɱһΣܿ˼츳滹ԽԽˣΪξȻûھܿ߱ܿ㡣
˴ˡܿʲôµ㣬ĿдһĨηɫ
ʲôˣ
֪кǶԻֱӴ֮һֻ֣ηˣҸ֪ȥܿƺ䵱յ龰ɸоĶǣǿߣֲ̫


1344 ǿ̬
֮һַֻ֣ܿĻͷ΢ĿֲڣӦǿߣη⣬ȻǿĴڴ
ǿǶԻ⻹Ƕ⣿ַһʶһȻϣηʲô£յ꣬Ϊϲģ˼ӹ֮УܿʵֻǶηŮηȴһֱǽܿġ
Ӧòж⣬ŶԶη⶯ְɣңжĻ׾ңܿ˵ַĵĵ˵ͷܿ˵ûֲֿĴڣηлֻϼŶԸη⡣
˵֮ʱīҲ˳ŭӶַ㣬͸ŷŭ֮⣬ַ㣬ղһɱ¾Ͼīҵδ
ַɨЩī֮һۣ漴īҫһ֮ˣүүܲסīҡ
īҫ΢΢˵ͷղնɱˣīҵԪˣҵүүҵĸΪԽ͸ҴҲˣǷųүүӦīǿˡ
ţȥүүǳɣӴīңһΪүүܹõģַƽ˵͸Ž֮īҫ΢΢ͷžܿܿȥˣ
˵գīҫīȥַ㿴뿪ĿȴھܿϣʵܿԸīҫǲԸĻҴ뿪
ַܿ㣬漴Դ΢΢ţͷҺܺãңΪҸ
ַܿĻΪӣʵһֱ֪ܿһ㺵ģ񣬾ܹܿҵһõĹޣҲˣߵŮѾкüλˣܿһ֣Ҳûʸܿ
ãЩõĶţԼţʲôһҪָϾīҫĺ棬вˣַ㽫һöָ˾ܿ˵īҫīңֻһڻƿزīҡ
һ֮ǣҵɣַ˵һҵ鲻Ȼ뿪Ϊܿ»
ַ㲢δȴ̫ãԶ޵˻֮ԶĿռ䳯߲·һƿֲΣϵĳ֮ϣ˼ͷӴޱȣգÿһͷ֮ϣվǿߣǰͷļ𣬱վһǿʢ꣬òмƣȻǱɽ۹
ʮڶ฽ս˽һְǷǳҪλãΪ۹󽫾۹죬¼ŶǼֲ䱾ʵҲؾǿʢޱȣ֮⣬ۡмλս󽫾Ϊ൱һأ˵壬ڱɽ۹ǳ֮ǿˡ
ʱ󽫾ԣһλս̤ǰУϿ֮أ·Ⱥ
ַ΢΢̧𣬿еӰǿʢݣѹҫֲֿΪܣ̤һīң׾١
󽫾ʱԶһ漴ֻһѩ۵Ӱͬ޶ߵĻΪǼΪǿʢһǳ
ӵ£΢΢ǷʾԻҵء
ӣӶԽˣɼҶҵӣºһõϢͷٸˣôĶȺӽа
¿շīҫѾĸ׺үүͷţǣĸ׺үү߿ǿݵʱһĿ⽩ӲɫѿҶˡ
ҲǸŴ£ڰӶ˵ƺ̺һĨ֮⡣
΢΢ͷ漴ӣȴˣ
˵գĿ΢΢ת¿շ֮͸ſֲĺ⡣
ƣȥնǣ³һʱֻһλս޶ɱ⳯¿ĵǣȫ׼ɣ
˵ţĽŲ̤ޣ̤ȥɱǿʢµ֮ͷţն˱˪īʵ֮嶼ᣬһ㺮
ַ㲻һԣռס˺ܱߵıѩ⣬漴ĽŲ̤ȥӭصսȻ䣬һ֮⣬Ʋ񷡣
䣡·֮â֮Уһ޷Ľ·ͷŵıѩⶼȫնѵֲĽս΢ͣкһһ֮ˣ˿ս⣬ˣĨɱն󻼡
еǿ߶ַܵ㽣ǿʢüͷ΢΢£ȴδǺǿĸľ࣬޿ֲģذܹԾԵշѹַ㣬ɱ㣬ǲɡ
ؾսҲûлɣ첻ϣر⣬³һŭ֮ɱ
ĺַɱ޾¿յַ嶼ҪûҪֱӴ̵ǧٿס
ɱַһ³һְ֣ںϵͨһոǿʢ࣬һɲ֮նɱһĨɱһС
͡˲Ϣѣͬʱ֮ѪȺ˵Ŀע£صսǿߣֱӴм䱻漴¡һ죬Ϊޣ
أȻһ
նȻƬ̵ľ漴һصĺ֮³ڲϵš
ʹĿҲǰӰÿĽһںϽ̫ˣռ塢֮壬һУֻɲ֮䣬޿ɱܣǿߣһն
ַնɱ֮ڿգֽƮ޷ĽŰӶǰǿӰЩǱɽ۹λߣ󽫾Ǵӣڵ֮ʱѾһ
ȷҲҪִ£ַȻԵĿڴӵϣа죬ɽ۹ӡ
ַܻǿʵַĿһУɵŭȳ
ֻʮϢʱ䣡޷Ľ֮Уַ˫ƲŴӣֻʮϢʱ䣬Ƭأ˭˭
ɫ̣󷲰ߣַ̣㣬֪ǻӣ˿޷죬ɼжǿ󣬸ûнɽ۹С
´һ
ѩ۹ַĮӦһôӵ΢΢һѹôֲսѩ۹޾İ۹ʮ֮һ
ַδӣɽ۹ľĸоַʵҿֲ˹ļ壬ֲʲô̶ȣܹƷ۹
ЩˣעǲģǱɽ۹Ļҡ
£ֻɴ󽫾ԼˣӻڣѾ̬ȣ󽫾ɫӲҶǣң
ղһٿԷ޷Ŀʱݣ·Ϊޣַǿƴݻ٣


1345 Ǳ
ַҪ죬󽫾Ŀк޾ĽƣΪ䲻һأ˫͸¶־̫ǿʢ񡢰Ե
ȻΪþܿԺûк֮ǣǿƣһִԱѩ۹Ŀֲ뿪֮һֱڣɽ۹˸Ҷֺܿ
һնصԱѩ۹أӶ˵ΪأԽսֲ̫ʵܾܿ˵Ŀֲ
лѣ󽫾ظһ˿ַ˫Ƶ£ȮҲй磬Ǿʹ˰ݣΣ
Э󽫾ŵĽǰЭˡ
ս˿£Աѩ۹ҲѹЭɽ۹ĻңԸ꣡Ⱥаǿѡǵģ壬ϾһӴ壬ڶ࣬Ȼŭʹַ㣬ҲʧȥǣΪϵ
ǸīңѾַܿ³һĿһͣɫÿīҵ˵Ǹ
Ųһ̤ڵϣīȺԼܿȮӹ̲ܽϣīңλС㣬⵱׵ģλǸ
īֻ֮о˼飬ϴűѩʿŽ֮ʱīңŵһԼͳȥΪϵĸף󽫾ԶǵǸ
Ȼܿīҵһ仰īңԷǸʱī˶һɻֵ̿ĸо
һУȻΪǰе꣬նīһȺԪ˿̣ȴΪī档
ַôȻΪ˾ܿȥңޣܳһǿأܿΣգֻҪס֮£㲻ΪǣԼᴦãͬʱīһӣīҫһīҵѹҲСһЩ
һھܿҵӡǣҷ˱ұȫ壬ɣַ³һת漴ڿնȥ˶һԲԹԵĸ뿪ҲǶ
ԶѣǣӶַǳĹ˹֣漴ҲƮȻȥһǰԵĿһУȴˣֻ꣬ɰȻա
ȥַ彵¿գɨīȺīңѾܿ˵Ҹδīң
ַī֮ɫһڴʱַһϢĽѹǵϣ·ֻҪַһȫҪ
ƺīңԾܿȣúûйϵľܿ
ҫ˵īҫ¶֮⣬涯ŭնǡ
īҫַ㣬죬Щ֮˶Ѿˣˣ޹ܷŹǣ
ַ㿴īҫһۣ漴Ŀī֮ϣһƶȻ仮ǵ촫֮ϣһޱѷ죬ī֮ľ
ұýīնīҫ;ܿĹϵҷīһΣӴ֮īң˭農ܿһὫ𡣡ַ˵һܿһֲѣﻹҶܿ
ܿһĨӡϣַ˵ţü֮һâû뾲ܿü֮Уػߣһīң㲻˸ʲôˡ
ܿľ𣿡ַٴδʵ뾲ܿź
ţַ㣬ԺҾڱɽ۹ﶼȥˣĹһиҵػңǺܺ𣡡ܿûдֱӻشַ㣬˵ţЦĿ⻹īҫһۣīҫзһů⣬ףղַʾܿȥܿѡߡ
ҷģһչ˾ܿģ򲻻ܵίīҫߵܿߣַ˵ַܹ;ܿĹϵǳҪá
ģַīҫļĿû˰ԵĮǴһĨΪº͵Ц⣬崺ĸо
šīҫ΢΢ͷ漴ȥɣ
ţַ㣬ǽȥɣܿҲڵ
ַȴ΢΢ҡҡͷīȺһۣЩһԼľģټղɱ˲ī֮ˣȻʺ̫ϸ
ˣֻˣû뵽ܹ㣬Ȼ֪Ժл㣡ַЦЦ˫ֱַīҫ;ܿļͷЦŵأ
˵գַתȥ·ֻһλ·ˣܿԼĹޣҲģԼΪܿеĹͰɡ
ˣѣܶһ棬ÿˣԼԼҪߵ·÷ʱҪ¡
ַ㣡ʱַܿع漴ֻܿСߣֽסַ΢΢һ
ܿ΢΢ż⣬ĺ촽ַ촽ǹ¶һĨˮĲЦݣ漴֣תȥ·һǣ㡣
أַ㶹֮漴һЦԥ˸뿪ӰԶȥ
ܿѾصīҫߣַ㱳ӰԶȥҫҺַնһСĵӣַ츳ǿһ·ǰУն£ЩҶڼ֤ţУһֱǰĽģ֪ô˵ҲĻ٣ǲôһһҪ嶯һأӴ֮ҵвַ㣬ֻīҫӣ
˵Щֻܿоз·ܶˣ׿ǰһУ
īҫߵܿԣӵסܿô㣬Ҫ֣Ҳֻǹû㣬ԺǱúõһ
ܿů໥һۣ¶һĨõЦ
ʱԶ֮УһĿ⳯߿ҲͬЦˡ
᲻СأˮѾһ׵ַ㣬Թ˵
ҪСˣǰɣֱַۻϸ֫ԼϣЦЦĵ
˺ܿҪʱŶʱɱ᲻ãַֹܷܷĲӣ˵̬
Ȼˣҿɵúúļʱ⣬ҵַ˸ᱧХȥΣǳűѩ۹ķ򷵻أһ·ˡ
֮УһܽЦ֮ڽʱУɽˮ֮䣬ããɽ֮ϡٲˮԣԡ֣֮ſһУַоûȥ񾳽磬·Ҫ٣̨һƬʹøֶ֮ʱ·ҲΪ·Ƽգ


1346 
ѩ۹ãã֮ϵľ޴Ǳǵ۹ģѩ۹Ȩ֮أÿգվڱ֮£ңϿյγǱϣгһգҲ̤УΪȨƳǱ֮еһԱ
ڵ۹֮УκˣĻᣬֻҪʵ㹻ǿ帴ǿʢǨȨƵĳǱС
Ϊ۹𣬵۹ףǰǣΪʣʵһУ
嫾޴ĳǱУӵܶ͸һ˷֮⣬գǱѩ֮գǶԣѩضǿʢ˵֮ϵĳǱǵ۹ôѩǱӻһһ꣬ڱѩ۹ʷӵмʢǿߣǵжһʣ̤ѩ
ѩΨһ⣬Ůڱѩ۹ҲƾߴɫʣдԣǸܳˣ⣬ЩˣУһǳݡԼݣԱҲ㹻ݵŮˣ
ҹĻʹԵΪȴв޷Ȼ˯Щ̤꣬ԼǵĳǴ˿̸Ըץߴ뱦Ϊ׼Ͼǻ֮أͬج֮أ˽ȥ֮󣬱Զ޷һá
ʱϷãã֮ϣӰҹɫ˸ֱû뵽ʹУ̤ϢϢûоκˣֻΪĿģˣ뱻֮´˲Żַһ֮
֮ǰҵɱˣȫΪѩҪɧ
ҪѩˣҵˣɵúúñˣַĴ֮ϣ˫ַϻ⿪ַ
ѩʲôַһ
֪һαѩĿǰǰ߳ΪǱм䣬ٶǽӽ޵ˣǣ±ֻлһ֪ѩʲôʲôûи߹ңĽַϣַ¡
ַ΢΢عͷڱĦţɵһȣΪִڽС
ʮԶʱڱڣʼǿߣҲ޷̤Уܹˣʲô𣿡Ҳ£ַϣ˫ִӺ湴ַĲӣԴַĲƹȻַ㡣
ַ㽫˦˴֮ϣ漴ѹȥһ𣬵£Ǵۣߣ飿
ַ룬ͱѩܿһĪϵоʮʲôַЩȥ롣
αô࣬ǽ֮У֪Ȼ֪ԣˣҳΪŮ񣡡³磬˽Уһ֣̤֮֮У˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲôң߳ʱ̣ǻذ˻֮ʱյޣҲ
ˣһҹ˶ǳĬѡ˳Ĭֹֻսţǵ嶼·ԶԷľ֮⣬ƺǲᣬȻģҲ֪ˣ
̫Ĺڱѩ֮ϣҫ۵Ĺԣһɱ⣬ڱѩС
ڱѩ֮أվӰǶڼ֤ʷԵһ̣ʱ̣꣬ŻһΣԵøׯء
Ǳѩ۹ʺѩҲµվڵҷ򣬺ܰԡԣ·ףǣ
˶𣿡ʵһĿ⻷ǰεӰΪ׵ļλϣĿ΢΢ͣ£֮ƶһڴ
õģˣӵ˵ֻ˵õģˡ
ֵ˼˵˲õôһЦ̤֮УҲȥʲôЦǣȻģᣬȻ֮޷԰Ρ
Ѿˣ˿̵ᣬַϣǶ漴ڵء
˵ĿⶸȻַȥַһεɱ¾˿ɲ٣ЩȥУвټ嶼ӵһ˼ܳӵܣЩˣȻַù
ѩδṲ̊˻ѾƻˣȻڲõģӵĮĻӦһ˿̵ԴǷжαװ⣬ֱ̬ȡ
ΪѩŮлŮеǳЦɣ˿Է˵ĻֻǵĮһ
ǵ۹һֱĹ򣡡һ
ôĻֱȻѩڴ˵еıѩŮôŮˣȻ˸ӵ̤еʸ񣡡ЦɣƺҲǿǸʵ֮дһĨڴ֮⣬ǵһ̤ѩŮˡ
ʸôЦЦ˵ãҪ̫Ļ룬ʧģ㣬Բǵһ̤ѩ
ǵһ˸£Ŀѩû˵ĸṲ̊ѩΪӵĻ˵ţǼٻ
ҵŮˣûйṲ̊УûйϵҵڶŮУ֮Ϊͣңѡ㣬ʵĽеıΪҪǿ٣ǣõģŬȥνŮʧȥ˴֮㲻õѩŮϿǲһϻûôӹףʵֻЭһڶѣҪһߣ
ѩᴫ˵ᣬΪ츳ҲΪʵǣԣ
һ֮ģβơ
΢΢˵ͷȴδظѩʱ֮ϣһƹââͨıѩ·֣ʥıѩâԡ
¡¡𺳵촫ĴŻĳ˵עĿѩʱ꣬һο
ַĿⲢδǿǴĹԼԡĹâѩɱʺѩģǹ̶ÿ꣬пʲôʹ꿪һΣ˭ĻһУ
ʮ۹Ҳǰ꿪һ𣿡ַᴫʵ
ǵģңҲǽ죡ӦһַиΪΨǲ׽ûйɵģʮʮȻͬһտ
УΪڻ֮ԼƳ٣֮ѵ˰˻ľ֮⣬ĻӵоʮĹϵһУ



1347 ʹ
Ŀ⻷һۣ˵ˣ̤ɣ
ˣȺѾ׼׵ֻȱһ£ʱһӰţűѩжȥ磬ֻǶݵ˲䣬мʮӰ̤档
˴εõ̤֮ˣаʮһˣ֪մ߳ģмˡ
ˣǽȥ˸ַһжȥĴţˣһ˱ѩ֮ڡ
һƬѩ磬ãһƬԶпֲıѩѩأĺˡ
֮𣿡ַ૵һֻѣ棬ȴԳɿռ䣬оԼ̤ǣһƬ硣
ַ㣬಻֪ڲ澰˶һסˣԵúܲ졣
ڴʱ֮УһӰ·жӰѩɫĳۣѩѩ׵ĺ룬ȫѩ㡣
ӭѩʹָǰУѩ׵üдһĨЦ⣬˿˵
ʹʹߣַĿ΢֮ͣͬеһ䣬飿ʹ
Ȼַף磬飬Ҳֻǿʢ˼£Ϊ飬ǵۻǻʣۣľ綨֡
ᡣʱַվһӰȻӵ£ֻĿƽĿǰȴ˵ᣬֹ̤ʵɺܼ򵥣Ҹʣѩ֪ʲôǴ߳ˣҸεƿأҪñѩΪѩĽᣡ
ӵĻɫƽǱѩ֮Ĳģѩδ̤֪ص磬ȻĻɲ⣬Ȼд߳ˣѩϢ¶ǹһ㣬ѩġ
ѩһֱ뽫ԼУմ߳ʣѩԺУõҪ֪һУܣһֱеĽᡣ
ܵõһĴУѩȻ϶ߣŮ
㲻ԼܿɱȻΪȴһֱֻѩһöӶѡٶȿڣᡣ
ҵ£θɣƽĻӦһ
ߣɱˣҲѣΪĺں㣿ˣҿȷĸ㣬ҵĵ˻кܶ࣬˶ܱǿвû̫ķȻҲɱˣһ̤еˣǶ⽫նˣѩĽٳ֮ãᡢܿ죬ȴӳַĶУˣǣģ
ַûȥӵвֻһ䣬ĵ˻ܶ࣬˿ܱǿ仰Ǻ⣿
УҲ˵ˣᣬǵһ̤ѩˡ
ǣҵ˼𣿡ʱʹַĿͶʹղ˵ͬʱʹǣѩоŲ㣬ڵĵطŽǵһѣֻͨһ磬ܵѩĵڶռ䵱С
ȻǻһᣬֱԾѩǱǣսڣǿǰѡսԼߵǿߣսɹԼһĶ֣ǿֱϵڶ㣬սԼ󾳽Ķֱ֣ӽѩĵĲռ䡣
սĶ֣ѩԼ˵Ļ
ս֮ˣӳַɨһۣ漴Ų̤սĶֱ֣أԽ׾硣
ȿַ˵ȴѾв˿ʼսˣѩ߷·ܹǧÿһƻʹòͬʵҪսؾģ㻯ڼؾΪս
ѩҲʵƵģһҪ֮¾磬ǱѩԹĹֻҪ±ԣҲԽһָͷ㣬˸̤֮ѩС
ǰȥսģǱʵļλãڣǵսǳֲȻ֪ЩģһսأȻλ̤ĻӶսʤ˸ԵĶ֣ѩӶ£ǱʧԭأȥһƬռ䣬ԽսͿԽ뿪
ӵսǿʹأѾ۷弶ˣʤˣ׼ѡԽսַһ
ɣȽаգЦŵΪأֻҪսʤ֮ǿԽ磬ֱ̤ϱѩĵĲռ䡣
ãҲ㣬սأܹһ𣡡ַЦ
ллҵˣ§ַһЦ漴˸ʹȥ
ʹǰսأʹ˵һʹ΢΢ͷʱûһλĻֱӳᷢ˹
ȥĿһʱŭХ֮ˮ죬·һĨε·ʹײȥ
أַ㿴ֶʱ΢΢һЦ칦ȻûЧģᣬȻõ˲Сĺô
ʹˮ֮ʱҲ˸£ʹǰʹǰսأ
ãʹͷ˲Ϣûһλصַ㹥ȥ֮ǿʢա
ַŲǰһ̤ʱƵħݣʥܻħӡɱ֮ħУģŻ𣬶ħ֮壬ԵǿơݻһУ·ܹӣʹùӵǿʢޱȡ
ǣ֮гֺƵħ磬ʹƺ˼£ȻħޣƾһصʵһȭܹعǿŲӡ
ǿСʹЦųǰرˮ屻õ£һƺƵħѹƱ⣬˫Ҳ·ͷźҪַᡣ
ֻǿôַЦһ
ˣǸˣ漴ֱ´֣ݿ࣬Ķֻ
ףַӦ
ŵСһַߵʹ£漴еĺַֻǿһۣ嶼ʼ⣬ۣͷš
ַˬЦʹҪսնǣʹȻع򣬲ĻԽص
ɱַͫ׶Ȼ仯ڰ֮ɫħ֮ţħ֮־ɱֱҪǱѩ־ûʹһ漴ַѾ٣һȭԴϣһ
ʹַˣЦǱУŬɣ
˵գʹ˻֣ʱַʧ


1348 ŭս
ַֻоתռңܿ졣̤һƬյС
Ȼصɲǣ㶸Ȼ˴֮⣬ܾʣÿŶݡ
һƬǳ嫵Ŀռ䣬嫵Ŀռ䵱УǷ֣ƺԶԶֹˡ
ôַɫӲľԣѾˣΪƬռ֮⻹ˣȻǽ˵Ļһ㲻ԾΪһſֹֻܲ⣬ƬռֵӰַֻɨ£ͳ˰ʮˣζţȱѩ۹̤ѩҪ࣡
ַ㣬Ҳ𺳵ˣôᣬΪξȻô֣ǣԺη
ʮָʮƷ۹ÿһ۹ӵһңȫͬҲζţ̤ǱѩЩˣǾʮˣôǣ
ѩܣ
ʱַ᲻ӵĻ̤ѩŮˣˣԲǵһоǣǿ֣кܶ࣬ںĲᣬǰһĻƺӡ֤ӵĻΪ۹ױʵãȻ֪һЩΪ֪ܡ
һȥǱ㿴ŮˣҪôǺŮˣ㲻Ҳǳʣ˪Ϸ·кȻѩǲŻ̤ѩ
ѩ۹һ۹֮ˣˮֱǰʮ۹Ѱչȣʺǣʮÿһ۹ͺһ㣬㣬Ͱ˻ľвСġ
ܹ̤ĲԽսζЩǿߣܹԽս˵ַвȻǲܵģڰ˻ľǾʮܹԽսǷëǣǰƺȫ
µǣ˵Ϊأַ㻹һźɫı˪ŮΪȻأζܹսƺۼذ
ˣҪСˣĲôôҲУ㶼пֱܻܹ̤ȥַ㴫˵ȻԼоƺЩ˼飬ֱܻ֡
šַΪȻĵ˵ͷѩ棬ҲһЩľ
磬ƺԽԽȤˣַеǰɰһ֮ԵϢսȤ
Ư椣ʱһ̰ĿϣַĿת漴㿴޳ӰĿ¶а֮ɫݺݵɨһۡ
ƺֹһƯ椣һҲЦ˵ŮˣŮܶ࣬Ҷ˪Ůˡ
ַüͷĿаصʵңһصϢǿ˸оļ¡
ˣҪ嶯ȿƣַܵƺӣɵôһַȻһЦ
ãŮ˵ģַظһĿƬ嫵Ŀռ䣬ƺһƬ磬棬޾ѩɽ죬·Ͼ˳·Ψдѩɽ֮С
ˣʱַǰһʵܺ棬ЩͻȻȺԺη
ת䵭ɨַһۣ·ûַĻ㣬˫ӵ¶˿˿Ϣַо΢Щ䣬ԷƴżвϢ
£ַֺһȻڴ˿ֻ̣ԷȻתһȭͷȻ䳯ַɱֲ˪أ֮з·һӣڶԷһȭ֮ȫҪ⡣
䣡ַ˸˵ΪأһȭɱַֻоƬҪ䵽赱Уһμôǿʢµı
ŭַһŲһ̤عĿħ֮ţԾ£ΨҶԼһ仰Էֱɱ֣ʱַҲŭˣ
ǡѿµַֻоһҪĺֱϮϣǺȭͷֱֱӸһ˪ۼף·𱻿ֲĵץסֱ֮֮۵ѪУҪֱ۵ѪԷĹȴշ쾭ֹĵȼҪࡣ
Ȼǿ֮أַ¶Ե֮ѪݣХ֮֮ϣֱϸǵı˪ۼֲĿռ彫˪׵˺Ϊޡ
Ȼƿ˪ۼ֮ʱԷٶһȭȭɱ˪֮Ƭ죬ַΧ˪µ˼¡
䣡ַϵİԵħ֮ϢţʥܻħƣУؿݣһ˪ڲ
䡢䡢䡭˵ȭͷײһ飬ޱȵĿ꣬ƱҪ˶Էַֻоⲻʴ壬ѪǿʢƥУХ֮ѪҪ׵ĸɱ
˶µĹߵսֱܹӽĲÿһǼ򵥵Ϊζնزֱӵַ㾹Ȼܹϵײ˵ַǱֱ̤ϱѩģûô
ַħȻǿʢƺǱԷļ֮֮ⲻʴţ³ܡ
Ȼ޺ܱѩʲô֪ҳȫ㣡Է죬ŭһռ䶳ᣬػ˪
ɱַͬŭ𣬿ħŭХѪѣͬʱһ䣡
ֱϮԷ壬ٶԷϣɫ΢䣬֮ȥ
ַһԷ˲䱻ַȻַ˫ڵ֮ͫ˵ħʴһҽУ۾Ȼϣȴַһȭƿ˪ֱӺɱ
һŭ·ַ⣬ı֮ԷԴըѣ飬ַȭͷɱ
ȻʤˣΧ֮¶һĨȤɫһؾַսʤ˶Էǿնɱ
ʱַԷϣԷĴָȫ˳ôǿĵǷǳ߼ĹпܻǻʾҲ˵ֻƾ۾İԵԼȻ޷ȫѹƵ˶ԷΪȶԷһ磬ħǿһԲɷ϶Էǿʢ
ַսᣬ͸һɰ֮ϢĮɨǺɫһۣʱĿ΢΢תַ㵱նһλͬĴڣǶҲЩͬղ޼ɵַǼһﲻ࣡


1349 ֮
ַߵԣָƬ嫿ռɽĵƺǷģŽǱѩĵĲ㣬û·ȥ
ʹָǾֻܵˣַһδ֮ǰΪһޱȵĹȴû뵽ѩʲôÿһ㣬ƺһƬռ硣
⵹ǻ𺳣ͻأֵǿߣʵΪ𾪣ĽҲǳǿѾӦһУȥ룬ܻ֪𰸵ʱ
ɣַᳯź˸һɽ֮ʱֱϥڵϣ̬չ
ιʱַ߷һλַ㺰һ·űըԵֻǴŶ䣬ֱϵļ⼫ʵעĿ˫ͫһ˵۾Ҫ󣬵ȴ˿Թ죬˼ֿ֮ͫ硣
˵ַ㿴꣬ڵ
ȻղսҿˣԣϣôѪַһ
ַĿ˴һۣһһҲó֮ˣַ;״壬ƾһȭܹɱԼ߾ǿˣħǿʢ£Էֻ˵ԣҲǸó
ңղŻԼѪХ֮Ȼ֪ԼӵѪ
ѪѪȻѪַ͸ŰԵ֮Ϣ˵һ
ѹַ֣ʽ۶ɵѪ㱾Ѫ֮ԷӦһַЩԣѪ֮ǰ֪ǿʢ˶ٱѪǿʢ˵ľʢսǿͬʱѪܲҪģѪǿʢҲĪĺôԷȻ˵ԼѪǿ
ˣǵ˭ԷһַĿһ㶣żɻ󣺡ף
Ը˵ˣ˲ٶԣ漴Ŀַ㱾˵ʲôԷɫҲûûȤɶǷǳԸ񣬾͸ղ˶ԣʸȻֱɱ֣Լ
һ˲õһɾ͵ģôĪˣ޵
˶׷ϥأֱܹϱѩĲûһ򵥵ġ
һʱַ̣΢΢˸£üͷһῴȥĿҲж¶һĨ֮ɫ
ƬռԽԽˣǲԪȻо⣡ַߣȥ˷̥ܹԼѪ㵮˶ܹѪȥּɴݻһɽ壬о䣬ɼƬռжôĺ
ַĻ΢΢̧ͷֻ˿̵ƮŰããѩÿһѩ·һ֮ǳ䡣
ǿôһռڽı亮˺棬»䵽һֺ˵ĵز
ɨһеѩȻҲּµĺڽʴƬء
ֻɨһǱֱ۾Ȼֺ⣬Ȼԭ
ϣѩ֮ʼתϢƺڽַ֮ĿϣһưĲƺ
ؼȻѾ˺䣬ΪֻʱַͻȻһͨ⣬֮˽ԶǺȣƺǣ֮ѵǴӺܻ
Ǻ뺮ϣĲϵӣһĳ̶ȣȻȻĳΪַƺ˵ŴȻͨĵ˭ףǣжȥɵıʣַ֮ܵⲢҸպԺһ⣬Ҳȥ롣
뺮ںϣһļ¾ͳΪû˻ɹ뺮ںϣΪͬһԣϣһлǿİأ޷ںϣΪҲϵ㣬ǰϣĹӵĿֲ
硢ٶȣռ䣬ҲУںϣҪٶȥϣ磬пĻռ䣬ҲУ˴ӱĻҲһܹϣǣ硢ռ䡢һ֮ʱӻ֣ܸһٶȣֻǸټ׵Ҳˣ׵磬Ҳ̺һеĿ꣡
ַ˫Ȼſһ貵âûҵְĹͬ㣬ǹͬȥϣ࣬Ӷںϣӳֲںϰ֮ͨ
ɱ̺硢סġռְУְϵĵطˣ֣ܹӳԵĹл棬Ҳ̺ԣͬǿʢ
ַаǣȴаϢָ˷״̬ƺ䶼ˡ
˸۾ֲˣҪúȻᱻַֹһͨ죬ƺ͸ż˷֮⣬˿ûио䣬һʲôء
ôˣַɿĿЩԹĿŮ˺䣡
ַһ§סϸ֫漴Լ˫м䣬˫ֽţأ
öˣЦſַ㣬˫ֵַĲӣĻȻŮӵ˿˿ʱоůЩ
ůͲδã˱ֶܵ˿ֲĺ⡣
ַ֣ȥ촽ϵıѩȻжƣ壬΢΢£÷ɼƬصĺʼǿʢ˺εȳ̶ȡ
ܶȥֵɺ⣬ԽֿԽǿңֻɺʴˣǲɣ΢΢Щַ˫ҲأܵģȻҲͬܵˣȥֿ䡣
ʲôҪ룬ɺ֮£ѩ岻Ǹ𡣡ַЦ˵ֱȴΪĽӵס嶼ˡ
˱ǺãȻЦ£ַһۣЦ˻ջأ
ջѵջ𣡡ǳЦ˵漴ĸɺ⣬⣬޷ʴ־
֪ȥ˶ãһŭ֮һŭͷųĿֲƣȻԽˣԽǿң壬Ŀʼ⣬ᣬһ麮磡
Ⱥһ̣˵嶼΢΢˲оһǿҵвɺ⣬ܹ
ղһŭȻӰ쵽һЩ˵־


1350 ʴ
ʵͬܵĺҲ᲻һ𣡡ַĲռʵȫһһأأΪأңܹԽսˣ˿̺⣬϶ź˪֮⣬ǿ
Ƕ־Ŀ飡ȻһЦƺۺʱЦݶı䡣
ŮˣǶܻսʤ⺮ģַЦ˵΢΢ͷ漴ϣַĻţ򺮱
ַ㣬ȴǸ򣬶ǿ⣬ħ֮⣬ѩ֮⣬ͬʱں֮
ħ䣬һֲֿͬ԰㣬ޱȣںϣҪħ䡢һԣǱǣܹӰ˵ʴ˵־ʳ˵־ħ֣־
ħİ壬һصİ壬ӰΣЩƣܹǿʢѹ֮ԵƥУܹùøֲܹ˵øˣħ֮ǿһĿ⣬˳һ˳һ˸оɵֵħİԵϡ
ԣħ壬ںϣΪֲңַħ֮У̺ħХҲо
ƿĻŹӵַţ԰˼Уƺûôǿˡ
ַϣĸһѩ·ҪǵᡢУˣƬ嫿ռ˶ˣģһЩ޷ֲֿĺ⣬ʼȥֿǣǺܿ죬˱񣬱⣬Ѫֺ̣⣬ܽǶɱ
ԽǲпĻЩ֮Ĳ࣬ģЩ˱øעĿ
ַ߷ղַԻǿ꣬˿һһ£ıѩ۳ɺȻֱУ뵽ڣʹĺԽԽǿʢ·ܹɿֲΪԼá
ǱɫıѩˣϾȻ˳Ⱦûа˪ܹʴ壬ѩ·𶼻ƵĹ졣
֮֮⻹һ¿꣬·㣬ѩƮ֮ʱ·裬һ̬趯š
һ˺һ⣬оԼѪѾڿʼˣĿֲѪҲ޷ǹɱ֮ԵԽԽһС
ʹ˺һʱյУһߵӰ֣΢ЦĿ
ʹĪҲ˸оѪԽԽʹ
ⲻֻǱ⣬ѩر֮ʱԻͳȥʹ΢Ц˵һɫһ㶣漴彥Ķᡢ⣬˱
ʹ壬΢ЦŵΪθղ㻹ֿܵһ仰֮˲䱻أѾԼѩĿģﻹʸڱѩеõУϣ׾ٵջ񣬱֮Ĳ𣿺ǣǵ·ܳ
ʹĻ£ʱ彥ãʧ
ʹ˵֮˲⣬ѵΪʵΪθղʹ⣬Ϊ֪֮Լˡ
ʹĻ࿪ʼӰһʹ˵ɲǣҲȥֿֿܣ̫ʹˣ־սļ尾ԶԶʹ尾Ҫܡ
Ĳû֪𰸣
ֺʴڼӾţ֮⣬˼ᵽ˱ѩУ֪ǷѾ⡣
ַ㣡ʱ嶼ҪȻЦ֣ıַ㣬ַһ֮
ַ㣬ҵ֮þҪֿңоȻ֮⣬ַڵӽΪƽȥֿȻ䣬ַ㷢Լ˻þռ֮Уﻨ磬ûмµıԼǰǰһİϵ֮ջַ޷԰Ρ
ҵˣ񽻣Ұɣ¶ŽĦַ壬ַͺһ֮Уʱֻо棬ƮȻɣʵĴһ޶纮һУ·𶼱ѩϵʱȻֱڻѾоˣ֮ΨжԷ
ǹɱѩĺ⣬ƺǣǱ޷ʴ塣
ַ㲻ԶĿЩаϺ˪ԽԽ뿪ǵĿⲻɵ໥һۡ
ȥǻһ˿˵⣬Ҫ
սߣŮȡůҲãһ˻Ӧһ漴аĿɨȺһۣ˿̣вŮѾ׵ıˣֻʣŮǺŮȻǲҶģˣҲصʵΨַ㱧ŵᣬΪء
˶һۣ˫뷨ᣬʵŮˣ˿̵˻Ȼûбѩ壬΢ЩѪ೤·ܰ㡣
ǲЩ֮°ɣץΣ˴ǣһЩǿߣҲ뵽սķʽܹ⣬ǵվϢȲݣĿһصˣûѡַ㣬˸ղɱһأսǿ
ЩоԼˣڴҪսΨһĳ·սܿǾͻᱻס
䣡ŵһֲϢ٣̼䣬һ嫵ųЩ˶ԼѡĶֺɱȥҪսķʽ⺮ѹ֮
صǿߣ򻺻Ƚַᡣ
ɱеģ˴һȻ䣬ǵ峯ַ˳ȥ磬һɼ֮˲Ϯ룬ǻþռ䵱У񽻵˶Ȼ䱻ѩֻ֣о˹赱У㶼ƺһɫ԰ס
䣡嫿µħϢţַȻħǿʢ˲˼ĵز
ֻһצַץ֮ռ䶳ᣬΨһ˫צǰ⡣
ɱַħ죬аĿⶸȻһ漴ַֻƻӶһ⣬Ѫ˵ֱӱΣͬʱҲһˣˮ֮廯Ϊ˪öԷƺߵˣɫѿ˼£Ϊַ˻׶Ըġ
ȣٶƺһɫɷףؼĺ·Ҳڴ˿̳룬Ҫ嶼ס·һ˲ýٵ
֮ʱΪͻȻ͵Ϯƣþ֣壬ܵ˺ʴ


1351 
û°ɣַһ§壬ղУ˿оǹʴǵĺܵԷѹȣԼһɶ֮ʴʱ籾ĺͬʱ壬·֮ˡ
е䣡ῴַ㣬еЦģȴַо΢Щʹ촽˿̶ڶ£·һƺĽ
µģɱˣַЦ£漴ᱧڻУ˫ȴ͵Ϯ֮ˣ˿Ҳڶ£Ҳ䣬ǳ䣬ǿַеĿºڰ֮âǹӵǿˡ
Ǹλˣ˲һЦŲ΢΢ˣղһâ𺳵ˣͬʵһֱӱ룬ÿֲ
ַŲǰһ̤ʱһħŭХŶԷҵ۾
ַ·һħ㣬̧𣬶ַ۾ڵͫħ֮⣬ֱӴд룬ַŲһ̤硣
𡭡ַһħХŭХǰħںϵöԷԴһսǿڹԼ֮ͨϣΪϾأ־ַĿֲħ־ǰԼħںϹ֮£Եòôǿˣټ;ַ㣬һŭ־Ҫ
䣡ַ嵽ˣһȭԷԴըѣնɱ
嫵Ŀռ֮طҲĴ˴սȵԵƴһսʮûбЩ˱ͺǿԼ֮ϣ־ҲǼ᲻ɴݣ޷ҡĺ·޷Ӱ쵽ǡ
ַ㿴ŻˣЦţƺȻûǹɺӵıѩȴ·
ַ֪־ҲǼ͵ģˣɺ⣬޷
䣡Ļ彫嶼ͬʱҲԼϣǹɺȻͷŻֵɲǣĸ֮ܵ·ֱʴڣ͸ȥҪ涼⣬ȥֿǿ
»صԭ£Ƭַ֮ĺɫԼü֮䣬ű˪Ļѩס
ˣҪˣԼַܽͷţᵹֻܵ洦ܹԻĺ䡣
ȥңַڵ¶һĨԵ֮⣬
ַĻůļ䣬˫ֽĹַ㣬ı촽ַĴǣ漴ƳȻ⣬üһĨ꣬ǳ
۾ַ㵭һЦŻаˣ̧֮ʱ͸һĨ֮ԵϢħ֮ͷŶ·Ҫεıѩ档
ħ֮ͷţַ·øӵڣ˫֮ͫ־͸ŰӲ֮⣬ƾѩ־ǿҲ޷ʳ־ħ档
嫿ռսƽϢʱҲ֪ȥ˶ãƺַĻ˯ţ׿һ֮޷Ӱ쵽ƺ֪˻ᱣ
ʱ˻ѩᣬֻһ˫ڵͫ׻棬ƺһˣһѩ֮ܡ
ǣѾΪһѩ˫ͫô񡢰Ե·ᱻʴұѩ֮ϣŵİԵħ֮Ȼڣѩ֮ǿҼ޷⣬࣡
֪˶ãĿˣѾΪ˪ˣһĨ顣
ҵˣôôɵַ֣ϵıѩȥȻڴʱӶǰԵޱȵħ֮ϢԼĻƴ͸˱˪սʤ˱ѩ
꣡ѩ죬ַ㱻Դ˶΢΢ͷ˫֮ͫңգһƺɫħ־֮д͸ȥһ̣·һ֮ʣսʤ˪
ƣŭһ֮һըѣַ˿ᱧħ죬·߰ţƬ֮ϣѩ֮ħƣŭħ־սʤ졣
Ȼ¶һĨõЦݣˣƺֱǿˣվǣ·һħ㣬أ־սʤ˱ѩ⣬ħ֮⣬ǿˡ
ħ˰ɣңħ֮ޱȣľȹ̣ħ죬̤أָտɴַų˷ħâͻһص񣬲ʱѣ⼸֮У͵õĪĺô񣬾ѩĲ·ʤЩڴѩеȴĿ飬ʲô
ʱƬ嫵Ŀռ䣬Ѿ˱סһ¶ûˣ޼˼ûбױ⣬ҲǺ
һʲôˣȻôַѯѪһµĿϣǰżʬ壬·Ӳı˺ѵˣȻ󱻱ѩᣬȴһûУһһ£ѩ֮ڣΪԼƬأ޷κεֺ
Ϊʵһ㲻ǿַһֻһضѣ˲ŻѡսȻҲߵ壬ˡ
ǡ¡¡ڴ˿̣ıɽѣʱƬضҪݰ㣬ѩ
ַ̧ͷһĥ̰޴ѩһ˿ɫֺ̧һɺƵħ𣬺ѩķѣȻƬصѩ鶼ѵ޾ַ˫ƲͣĺɱƵħʮﳤΨħݺᣬеı鶼ѷ顣
䡭ַǰԶһ񱻾޴ѩУ޷ֱֿűһѵַͷ΢⼴㲻ѩУҪѩɲʲôƵأ
ĳԣ˺ʹʹҲδƭŻᱻͳȥϧˣͲܳȥˡ
ַɨһԵĿֻ꣬ſ죬ʱǱѩ龹Ȼ̵ֱֱ׵ޱȾ޴ѩ飬ַ̣а
ѩ鲻ϵıѣǸоԼ·ϵĳϿնȥɽԼĽ£ѩ绺ʧȻ䣬һޱȳ֮⽵٣˵һոպ˪죬˿ͻȻһ壬ƤѿѪҺ͸¡
Ŀռͣѩ·Ϊ˹ȥһƬ򣬻磬һζң治ȵģֱӱ죬ֲ֮ޱȣÿһϸ΢ķӡ˵ļϣüѿ
Ǳѩĵأ


1352 ֮
Ȼַ㽵Ƭ֮ʱ֮ȴһ˷֮âǴĻ棬ǿޱȵĻ
ַƻӶʱһȥҡϣе浱УǵȻ
Ƭ򣬿ǾѵĴ㽣֮أӵнܹ̻꣬뽣ڣ꣬ʹ֮潣ӵǿʢ
ѩ֮󣬾Ȼѩ򣬱ѩͬһʧߣܻɹʵܻǿʢ漴ЦַһۣһڵĲʱʵǿ˲٣ħ֮ӵǿʢ£˫ħۣһ֮Ϊ֮
ַȫΪ־ǿʢأַһĿǶб֮С
˾ħ־˫ħ֮ͫеַ㣬ֽһƾͫף˫۾ħľ衣
ѩоŲ㣬ŵ㣬ѵһȥֻʲôַһȵĿռ·Ҫ嶼ٻ٣һռʵǶ־Ŀ飬ôѩ㣬ǿʲô
¿ɣַ˵űֱϥ£ΧȫǻƣֻЩڵĵطΧһƬСĿյأǷ·ʱȥûĻǸܵǿҵв
ƺ͸ղһռԽԽȣżһܻȺȥ޷
˼ǺޣһƬռϤı˪֮Ƭռ෴Ļ棬ǳӦǸоһƱ֮⣬Խˣǹɳ֮Խǿҡ
ı⣬ɲһˣĻὫֱ
ַ㰲ǣշ쾭תʱػ֮Ϣշ쾭̫ȡΪ׺ɼǿʢȻĹž̫ԳƵǻʾ֮һ๦ˣֻΪַħ̫ǿʢԵ֮´շ쾭Եñ΢࣬ǰĲַޣ˿̻֮ûġ
ȻַԻɣȻ˸ֻоһƺ⣬ַ㶸Ȼͣ˼ĿԵᡣ
Ҳоˣַ֣Ķͷһεκˮ⺹ˮ͸˿˿֮⣬ģĸоһȣȴָоһļµĺ䣬дϺֲ
˪ͻȻ仯ȵʾʲô𣡡ַ૵ɱӵĸоԽǿ˼Ϊܡ
ˣڴ˿̣֮ϼɣȺȻһȥʱ˵Ӷ˸һĨĿ⡣
ǣһҳ飡ַһ貵ϼ⣬һҳ̿ľ飬ϣ·һɹϢݣƺ޾·壬ԼﾭмƣǾ顣
ַĿ֮ϣһҳϵϼ⣬ڷϵܻ漴ֲֿĻ棬ǻ֮ǿʢȻģȴֻΪ˺֮
桢仯·ļǨ棬ܻ
ףˮַһ֮â·ȻʣǱѩռԢ
ΪΪɻףҲɸΪȣΪĻԶûеĳ̶ȣǣȴԢС
ȺһϿգǵȻҲһҳ飬˻̺֮֮⣬Щ˾ǳ֮ǣûֱӶȥᾭ飬Ǿûôõңõ֣ÿܱܲס
ҵҪʲôžʱһڿնֱǾȥԴ֮⣬ƺͨĹžҲ̫Ȥɼܹҵ׿ɶǷǳķ񣬹žС
һֳֻеĹžץȥȻմִžʱ̣зһͳ˻嶸Ȼ䳯źˣպѾ֮ϣſµϢһ뺮һ棬ٻһУϵĳӡ
һҽУֻһֻȻն˳ȥʱֵİֱǣѪϵĳ·䣬¶ʹɫ
촫ѪݣƺҪѪָ֮ϱۣȻǹѪȴʼ޷ֱָۣͷ΢΢һ⾭飬ɲôõģ˵֮Ѫϱ۶ܵǼǿĻ֮£Ѫ޷׻ָƵġ
֮оŵıһֺǿ˲Ҫǿߵһֱۡ
ֱ۶֮֮룬ӶԷϱ֮ϮɫҰˡ
˳ͶȥһĨĮӵĿ⣬ӹɣ˿ǱˣѩĻ棬ὥĽʳ
ȥǾˣҪ˱߲ܹõַ֡ᴫ˵ⲿžô֮ϣҪõȴûôףңƾŵıһһַǳĹž顣
ɾԱȵһֻߺҪֲܷ࣬ͬӵбͬԴ꣬õǳӣϧܷϾѩСطټûǿʢѪûǿߴӵв꣬ûĻⱲҲˡ
΢΢ͷ˿̻ȿεֿԽԽǿʢĺĻɡ
ַٶ£Ŀ⿴յԼͬԴַԺһ⡣
뵽Լϵһְ壡
һİ壬ˣ档
ɻף˼¿жԷ֮⾳Уôأ
Ķ棬
дޣΪ֮ݽߣ֮ȫȡ֮ʱ򣬱Ǵ޽֮ʱֽǶ˼Ȼ֤һµ໥ת
ҵѵܾھˣʹԼȣഺפôЩ磬ûйİ壬֮ܳΪİ
ַе֮ͫɫ˼Уÿ״̬˼άΪֲԿ¡
ַǿԶԶٶȣԣٶȣһ㲻ϣٷܹȼ磬κιֶͨΡκΰ壬ԣû


1353 ۵
ģַĺڰͫ׻ıϣڣ֣굱еƬħַϥϣһƻ֮
ģ򵽵ĻģǴĻ֮ǣĵܹģаʦֱǴӻ֮°壡ַڻĵĸܵУģиʴ¡Ҳ֮һַǳĻͬȼİ壬׵Ĵݻһͬǿߡ
Ļ֮أһصϣ˲佫Էݻ٣ʣһְ壬ûôֲĴݻ
ַ૵ĸţƬַ֮ͷ壬Уһǿֱܹӽַܹӳǿ
ǣܹڰ룬룬䣬ְͬ룬֮ʳԷַҵһ˿㣬塢塢֮壬ںһͷŰͨϳµԸħ֮壬ǿʢ¡
ǰַż֮ʱŽںϹƺҵһôİ壬ҵʵĴ䣬ĳжںϵģһᵮǿʢںϰ幥֮ңƣԽԽİУԽԽǿʢ
ģַ·ҵĳȤ㣬ֶ԰ںϵУ׿һУĻ档
˿̣ƺҪҵĳϵ㣬ӶõеĹž
žŽǱѩĵռ䣬Ѿӵа˻ľٵĹžѹֳΪ
ʮƽʵһֱҪȰ˻ľǿ󣬵֮ҲԶ˻ľΪʮĴУʹþʮһЩʢ˥˸Ŀյеı֮ǲžʲô顣
̺Ŵ̹ìܻԽԽ˵ϣʼǱĺˮǳ֮ʱȴƫƫоޱȣָܣǼܵģ˼Ҫ
ڱѩĵĲռ䣬ʵѾ̭һ˵ģģ˵ǴӵĲ̤ľӢǿߣĿֲ֮⣬ֽĿʼܹܵļˣǿջĳһʱ̣ʼݻĳ
ܻôر֮ˣȺԵôҫۣǺŮˣƽǣ㿴亹ǿ꣬ǿǹɱ֮ʴȴȻ̱ѩ֮ȴ³һɹ·ڼȡõųõġ
ڣһ˵ļ£˵ϣĻȼȼգҲ޷һĲʳΪңˣɺ֮𣬻ķɱ
ֲ֪˶ãڶҽʱҲм˵΢΢ҡվ˲ͨ㱻ҡȵǣɽ
⣻ɻףȡתôһĳ̶ȣֳԳƬռѾȥ˺ܾãһʱ⣬һֱĬַͻȻˣ¶һƵЦ⡣
΢΢һʱȻ䣬̫浱УͻȻһĨ⣬̫֮𣬷·̫֮ףȽ档
ַڵһĨĿ֮⣬ʵûȥ̫֮𣬶һֱУżȻһƺϮ壬ͻȻ֮棬ȻȻޱȣкǾһһӦ䣬һ˿֮𣬷·׾
ˣһâ£֮⣬֮·ֱû뵽ַ嵱Уһҳ飬͵һҲһ֮⣬ַüĴ˽ȥֱûַԺ档
ѩĵ㣬ʵܼ򵥣֮Ƚ֮ˣеĹžҲֱܵӹ㣬Ȼ˵ףҪ˭ܱȼַ㡣
ˣһǿҵϢŶǺ½ŮһʱһɱĻյУһâһŮҲˣֻһǹžȴѾַõˡ
֪᲻᣿ȺаһŮʵأǿˣֱ̤ϱѩĲ㣬ζս
Ȼ½Ůӵķɨַһۣâ¶·һĨʴ
ˣַͬһʱȻſĿħ̹ͫǣŮӵӵİԵǺŮһվϵϢƽϢƺûгֵĴ㡣
ͬʱƬռĻÿȻ䣬޾ĻϢƬյУ˶ڣģ壬Ⱥ໥޷Է
ˣַ㺰һ
ڣַƣǽߣȴ·õĻ֮漴ռ֮оٶȳ֣֪Ҫ̤ϱѩĵռˡ
ǰһжʱ̣ŵȺ֣ǵȷһռ䵱Уռ䡣
ڣﲻһƬ֮ˣһԻͺΰĴܹɵӰ̤ɲǣַ㶣ΪǷֶ֣Ӱ
ǾȻţһϤַ㳯˿ȥȻ㿴ӵӰ
ӣвٺԼһ̤ѩϤӰҲˣζţտʼ͵ˣߵ·ǲһģȴϣҲζţ㣬һת۵㣬ǻ̤߲㡣
ңַ㷢ֳ˱ѩ۹һЩϤӰ⣬кܶİסǳ֮࣬Ƭ֮
ַ㣬ص˺һͬʱ̤ѩҲһڵһͨսѡֱӴ͵ڼȥգۣĿ˵ɨһۣ²⵽һЩ飬ַ΢΢˵ͷҲˡ
мµַᴫ˵ٶ˵Ум˸ע⣬ַ㵱Ȼԣǵһʱֻ̤˵Ĳ㣬ֱ̤ϵ㣬ֱ̤ϵ
̤ϵ㣬ζԽ󾳽սսʤɼжǿֻǲ֪߲㣬ڰ˲㣬ûˣ
ڵھŲ㣬ַЩ룬һսŵľֿ


1354 ɱ
У࣬Ⱥһ٣嫴ӵ֮
ѩ۹ӼֱַɵԽԽɱһΣһҪַ֮
¡¡Ȼ䣬嫴ͻأĲΰǰ򣬾мǧ֮أһǡ
ѩŮ֮񣡡΢΢һǵ񣬺ȻǱѩŮ֮񣬶ңȨȨ֮£һţ·һڣͨʥ֮صڡ
â˸ֻһӰ˱ѩŮǰӰȻʹӰ
ӭڣʹдŵЦݣ΢ڣѩŮĵ񣬲ڣ
ֻ̤ŮָţǲͨܹԡѩŮٹ⣬ڱѩϵˣǣֱܹԡ⣬ŮĶͣԣֻͨţǲܼǡ
ʹ˵ţĿ΢Ȼˣﵽ˵߲㣬ǵڰ˲㡣
߲ζʲôζһأܹսʤڰرǺţһսˣҪսʤУĴڡ
⵽ʲôطЩˣǶַовڰ˻ľֳ츳ѾǿˣĹƺõ֤ǴڵģңֻһˣЩˣ
ȻһҪһõϢܹ̤һ㣬ԡƵģֻо˿ԣҲ˵ôˣֻоŸ԰׵ʹɺЦȴ˵ͷ΢΢һŸٶλǿ߻ۣȴֻλôпᣡ
ЩѾ֪ڶ֮У޷ӱ
ѵҪһսˣֻ̭ʣεȲпᣬֻжʬǡаĻʬۡ
УѾ˾λѡʹĻ˸оɫһѾѡѾעûлˣ
ȻΪףҲɥҲһᶼûУеһЩˣԼȡǣΣ棬ǵѡ񣡡
ʹ˵漴һâȺеһϣ࣬ű¶ֱ۵Ķ䣬ȻȻַйǿ꣬ʹһѡеˣ
㣬ʹſ˵һ漴ĽŲ̤˳Ŀ⿴ʹ
ֻʹһʱڿԼѩŮĵм䣬һ漴ʹһڿǧ֮⣬һߡ
ˣȫվں֮⣡ʹ˿ڵȺ׷׺˵ߺȥֻʣ˿һˣվǰ·ֻҪͨţԡѩŮٹ⡣
ᣬ˸͸ڴ֮⡣
ڣһѡʮˣǰɱֹͨţǽɱʧܣͨţ㲻ҶˣǽɱɹնɱˣȡĵλΪŸ֮һǵĻᣬҪɱģҲǣ
ʹƽĿ˵ȻԳ֮Ϊɱô
ɱڱʹѡеˣҲһֿ飬ͨǿʧܣնˣȡܲпϷ
Һʼ֮ʱǿǰȵʮˣɱ˻صԭأΥնʹƽû˸һĻУʹףѹһ˵棬ΪģǹƽҪȥμɱȣҪ㹻ٶȺķӦķӦһ˿ʹĻ£ҲֱᷢѾˡ
˴ΪܵͣսҲأأ嫿ռУкܶ˶սѩļλӣУܴ
ʼʹĻȻ£漴г˼磬ռ֮䣬գʱ䶼Ѿʮλǿͬʱ٣˭ȵʹĻ˻صԭ㣬Ϊƣ˺ûˡ
ǿļˣƺûмŶַ֣ĿɨעĲˣǺŮӣûг֣ҲЩ֮ˣԼΪʹѡľ֮һҪȥɱˣֻҪֹ˵ɱ㹻
Զˣʹ£ʱǱϢţޱȣɱ߻ǱɱߣѾ׼ˡ
𡭡
һŭ֮ǿֲϢһţֻоڵѪƶ񷭹һŭХХ
ַڣѪһŭţȻס漴ֻǿһȭȭɱؼȫİԾȭӰȭͷޱȴ׳֮ȭ̺ȭԾ
ۡۡۡ屻ֱӺ÷飬ȭ޵Уűֲ֮ޱȣֻһ˲䱬ȭͷնɱˣ
һĻȺĶһ˵ţЩղ˸̤ˣ֮ɢȡ֮ǽңգû뵽һǿʢ־أʯ쾪֮ͬȭһ˲䱬սӵսǿߣ
ʹѡеľˣԲ򵥰
һֱ̤ϵռˣǾȻֻѡ˵Ĳ㣡ַǿӰÿµսתۼ䣬ȭ£ߣҪɱЩҪɱˣ֮ء
ɱɱʣµĿ죬ڱѩǲܽʥģǽǿֶζʹ˳Ѫ꣬ǿһʱ·𱻱ѩħûеıѩħź֮
Ųһ̤һȭɱǰӰըѣֻʣӵбѩħǿڻܿ⡣
𡭡һŭХ嶸Ȼˣһͷ˪ＸףǾ޴ͫ׶űѩħñѩħ
𣡡˪ԷԼ˶û漴˲ϢǱѩŮǰ»ûΪˣԵɨȺһۣأȺľ漴󲽿ţ
˪Ⱥǳ鴤ɫӲѹǵһ
ַҲ΢΢˲һοŵǿ꣬Ȼ


1355 ·
ʵȫֱ̤ϵ߲ˣҪôĿ飬ûУױȵţַһ壬һӵпֲ츳Ȼһ屾ѪҲиߵ͹֣֪֮˪ںּ
ʲôֻҪһ壬츳Ѿעʹѡľˣڵһλ֮С
ʬ壬̲סͷʹѡĵһˣǱ˪ԾǿƵ̬ɱȫն
ô֮İˣΣ
ʱʹĿ⳯ŵڶ˿ȥâҫϣһϮꡣ
㣬ǰʹ΢Ц˵ʱߵʹ̻ͨѩŮСǰˣȴɱĽ١
͸ղһʮ˽٣һЩǿƺûж֣ǻڹ滹ˣһʱңҲʹѡеأ
ʹ£һ̤ʱڵ·ԳޱȱֱͨĶˣԣ⣬漴ĽŲ󲽿ֻ֮䣬û˱ѩŮԵʧ
˺ܿһʼڵӵذַһĺܶ࣬ˣʹڶѡУӦʹΪǱ˪
ţʹѡ˵ˣȻַһ̤ϵĲǽĹյ÷ǳĺŮӣַͷ֣ŮԼǿһȺΪȻ˾ȻֱʹѡУΪһ͵ѡ
Ů֮½ˣζ̤˱ѩŮţûʧܵģҽɱˣҲ̫ǿʢһЩǳڵȻᣬֻʣ˶ᵭˡ
ַᣬҲ޷ֹˮַԺһЩԣĿģΪ˵õѩŮľˣǰ漸εգõһЩôԶԶϣ߲ܵȥԡѩŮĹԣδĵˣѩ
ǣѩʶģȻûԤƵȫ֮⣬ڶǿߣֱˣ˪ˣѹֱʻὫдӱѩ̤˶εƿסѩ֪еܡ
Լ츳ΪŵģԤ߲δԤյʱ츳еĳɾͣܲģǣв츳ǿ߲㡢ڰ˲㶼пֱ̤ˣҲ˵ǲɾͻǷڰ˻ģǾһ
ȻҲΪڵ츳δĳɾ;һߣкܶ츳ԽԽ¡к֮ʣд֮ɱޣǰһַ㣬ַڿܲһЩ˭ܹԤõַδأѩǶΪַ㣬Ԥ߶ҪΪӵˡ
ˣҪҪ֣ɱһˣַᴫ˵ٲɱ¾ûлˡ
ûôףʹѡˣǰ˶ԣûһ򵥣ǵΪΣսǴﵽΣˣҲһǽɱˣҲûһ˻ôɱ˲ͬ⣡
̾εսܹ̤߲㣬ԡѩŮٹ⡣
㣿ַĿ⿴ᣬ
Ц£ЦûȻ֮⣬̹ȻĴЦݣˣ˵ʹѡ˿սûǰǿ󣬵ǣɱʮˣֲΪ˶Ѿû·ˣЩսˣˡ
ЦݣַҲЦˣܲãʱʧܣΪ˽ѩ˺ܶ࣬ѩ۹ģҲѩ۹ݣǣȻڻ֮Լ֮ǰѡ˵ѩ۹ԼУɼ־֮ᣬô࣬˵֮ʱֻ̹ȻһЦһз·ṇ̀ɢ
ʵϣ᲻֪ڱѩ־棬ãѩļλӣҲû뵽κƺܲһ
һ˵ʱֻ֣ɱһˣ֮УҪһ˽ȥʱλһ֣̽׼ȫԸһˣǿʵһ߲㣬ȻʵÿˣϣͽȥģԼ
ʹѡеĵˣΪأսҲﵽΣ˳̤ѩŮԵȴš
ʹѡڰ˵ʱ˶λˣЩΪʹѡԼˣҲʼжǲܽϣȫһλϣҪжˡ
ڰɱ߿սóѩս죬أ˲䱻նɱˣȻ͵ھնɱʱһֻצ͸ͷ­ԴץѵĿģг鴤£ʹѾѡ˾еİˣǵһɱɹġ
һֱʵַ㿴ɱɹ꣬޳ѩ꣬һ̤ϵĲƮµѩΧ裬ԭӵй貽ÿ죬ղ貽ڶԷɱھ˵ʱһԷ
˵ʹܿ̽ÿڱѩбֳǿжԼʵĻʹûа취ַ㣬ҲûͷŹԼȫ׵Ǽһѹֵط̫Ϊˡ
ǵӰţŸֻʣһˣ˶ԣֻʣĻᣡ
գ·˲һΣû˻Źˡ
ʹĿһȺϣƶ󣬵֮ʱ˵Ŀͬʱһˣһַ̣ͷ΢΢һֻоҪĿ⴩͸ʹĿ⣬ͣˣھѡ
ƾֳұӦýڵھλǣұҪһѵѡ񣬹ҪһģʹĿⶸȻ΢˼ַ֮⣬ַһΣɱˣʮˣǣӵʮˣ
ܾһͣʹѩˣ
ַɫҲĽӲʮˣڲʹʥ£ⲻ·һ·ʹҪ
һεĽɱܿ񱩵ģʮˣΣգʮˣֱ޷󣬼Ǳַ֣֮㻹ûԴܹԸһɱˣһսҲһλ
ǱѩûܹܾҵҪ󣡡ʹĵ
Ϊʲôַ㲻⣬Ϊʹѡһ·
Ϊ㲻óڱѩӦóħѾǸһλˣʹ˵ַһԭˣʹ϶طˣ


1356 ս
Ҫսַвδϵ־棬ʹǽλھѡǣҪսʮλǿߣôʤ
ʹǰʮ̫ˣǰˡ͹ַǿԼ츳ǣʮˣ룬һλᣬʣȺǿݣǶλᣬǻԵģ޽ı֮֡
ʼɣʹַ㣬δᣬһսڱУ˭ַΪһħޣȴ̤˱ѩУ츳Ҳˣƫƫַ츳ǳǸһλᣬȻĿַܻء
˵ˣַЦЦŲǰ̤վ·֮ϣʹܸıԼľģûѡΨս
Ų̤ϵ·ǰ˵˲䣬¡һը촫ƵħϣվǵӰ޷İԵ֮⣬·ض޷赲ǰеĲȻ޷ӱܣǱսƵУ㲻Уս־Ȼ
ʹĿַƹȺϣĵ𲽣
ˣӰͬʱԽͬѸͣ쵽˼ĵزֻһɲǣַΧȫվӰ˼ˣҪĻᡣ
ɫѿȥһǱֻع򣬺ˣϧˣ޷Ӵѩĺ֮ˡ
ҲվַΧ³ãһλãЩ˵ٶȣÿ£˿һϢ죬ǿʢޱȣһλᣬңַΪһأ᲻նַ㣬
׼ãѩ۹Ĵӣַ̤ΧɱͷţҪַ
һ̣δսַоʮĿֲϢѹϣҪѹ壬ӲҪѹħ·û˸ղŵƣΨ˿˫ڵӣɳޱħ֮⣬սȼգڵͫ׵У·һħҪг
սʹһͺȣʱսĿֲȫַȥ·һҪַɷ顣
ģַһ֮䣬չŵ֣ʱһӰ׹УַߣȴԶģ޷õַ塣
ʥַʹַħдԵޱߡ
ѩеʹĿ΢ַͣʹõģȻѩ֮ʹõֶͨΣңַϣȻʥ
ơơơһŭ֮ݣֻɲ֮䣬̺Ŀռ㱻շѹ飬ֻΪַȡɲʱ䡣
𣡡ַŲ̤أŭһħХ·һħͷȥצͬʱȺԺУγ֮·Ҫ
ննַ˫֮ͬʱնĿ֮֮һںϷ硢ռ䡢׵硢ְĻУɱ˸ںϰ幥ְıŰͻΪϵںϣٶûǰˣȴռ䶼ն֮С
ַǰĺüӰɱֱ֮Ѫ·Ļʵ죬⼫̵ɲǣȻ˺ѵһԻΪĿġ
һֻѩڤצֱӴӱַļУץסһƬѪﲻʥַ㲻ʹʥףǶʹʥĻʵ޷ռκαˣһĸ죬Щϣûǿʥܡ
䣡ַϢת֮ڣҪ嶳ᣬȻͬʱǹַ˱ͬɱַǿ߸ֱĨɱˣΪ˲ַܿ㱻նɱַ㣬ȡַ㡣
𡭡ŭХĿֲڴݿأַ󣬷·ͷڰ֮ɫֲġ
Ⱥַƺûôɱɵö΢΢˻ϾղһѾ֣ȴͬʱ˺ѵӰǰû˸ɱַ㣬Ҳɱַ֮ǰɱ
ַоԵǶǿʱǻԥһԸַ㣬оԵƻɱַʱ򣬾ҪͬвˣڵȻںߣַ㣬ȴòͬ顣
ַޱߣеͷڰȻʧˣϿգȴһԯսһƽɫ˿ߴ£̺ٵصΰͬʱַϣ貶Ŀԣַ㣬а㱣սҪս
ҲôնģȺַ㣬ͬһͷ޸ħѹԵͬħɣ־棬ս죬͸Ű֮ţ·¶Ҫսն
ڻǹĶǵʱ٣ҪȽ˲Уѩ۹վַǰӱ䣬սһˮɢ·ܻͲΡ
ַһӣһħĺڰͫгɱ
ɱַһ̤Ϸ·һħ֮Ӱޱߣħ֮ͫе޾ħɱȥֻоʹ˲ħ·ѾԺУµħɱ¾־Ҫնս
䣡ַһ̤ƵħҪӵѹ壬ϣпֲħ־ϳԺС
𡭡ŭХһ·ӲοХһ˲ַ屻ûͬԴںϰ幥֮ˮ֮壬ַ궼
ɱһʱĹٶȳַ㹥֮ϳһ֮ɺ˿˿֮촫ַ嶳ᣬҪַ
ûսôһһֲĹأЩȺһĻаʮ˶ǹвַǿڣ·һӵŭХںصİУεǿַս·Ҫס
˿һֲǿʹñ֮ǿı֮⣬˫֮£ַ屻⡣
꣡ѣħ֮պϣһĹֱ֮ϣǱѻΪѪ֮һըѿֲҪ굱жַܵ㶼շѹ
ȻڴʱһŻ֮ɫ貽â˺أһͷ­ֱնЩǿ߻ɱַˣߵ֮£ְĽ⣬ɱټϴݻһеĻ棬ԻΪں϶ɣ˭赲ȫն
Ⱥ嶸Ȼ˱ܿ˵ţգղһҲҪһ֮±նŵϵʬ壬£һնλǿߣټϸղһоʮˣʣʮһ
һɱͱСĽÿȺаַĽ̫죬̫棬ֻԶԶĽַ


1357 ҵս
ַ˿Ҳù;壬ôǿߵһշѹ꣬ѺѹʹθѪ·һɺᣬѪ·𸲸һ㺮
Уʱһȵ֮תݣҲͬʱͷţָƣͬʱôκﲻ׼ÿˣʱش׼
ܴˣûǵòˣΪȻĵ˵ͷǵĹնַ㣬ַĽնǵϣһὫɱ˿ܴ⡣
һˣһҵģʱһ³ֻһ˵ϸһѩħףƵѩħŵףż᲻ƵĿֲɵǵѩħ
˵Ϊؾı֮壬ӦأõħޱߣҪƿףַ㶼Ҫǿ֮
һƷʥȺа¡¡ľ޴촫˳ַ̤
ڤŶһһ֮Уѩ֮ڤһƮĺ֮Ӷд䣬ǸղűַڤŶһǿʢ֮ͨ
ӡһ˽Ųݺݵļ̤£Ϊߣأǽ߾ˣһ̤ϳһƺ·ңһɱѩӡŵɱһַҪſ϶·߶ܣԱѩʥַ֮·ַϣ
ַ㿴ѩħ׵Ӱ̤ϹħƷ·΢΢ͷַгһħƷħƣĻ۳ΣһħӰħӰַ󣬺ب棬Ҫ̤ƬأַͷϿյڤŶµı֮Ҳ޷ħ⡣
ղںң̤ħӰڿԵħֱӳһӰɱȥΪأַɱ˫ȭȭâ֮ձ⡣
𣡡ַħŭХ漴ħӡɱһУ·ܹûصħƽͷŶûշѹΪ˷ĩһȭ֮Ե˼֮ز
Ȼתַ㳯Թһȥħַ˫ͫڶԷУַ·Ϊħ˵ͫݣħӡٶȺϮһ˱ĨǿĨɱǹǿޱȣǷȴ޷ֿħֻҪУն
ǣֲڤŶڤַ֮ı˻˻촫ַİ嶼·ѩס
ͬʱ֮һѩ޴շѹͬа㣬ѩ׵գ˲䳯ַϳȥ
ַ̧֣ħ̧֣޿ģɱѩ֮ҪסַƣȻͬʱݺᣬ
Х彵ַϿգŭһַ漴ֲڤŶһײַıϣǴ˿ַħ壬嶼Ҫѡ
ɱѩħ׵Ӱնֱַۣɱͬʱһ٣Ҫַ㡣
𡭡ַХ·ħŭڷ٣Ȼȴ˲仯ѩ˺ѣݺ޵С
ɱһĽâնɱ͵촫һâƿϿյĹһâ˵նΪأնˡ
һƺ֮ѪַѩΪѩ֮ɫƺڵѪסˣ۶޷ָˡ
䣡ַĿһصϣͫڣŭһӶŶԷ۾ԷֻоĽ٣漴֮ţʴ룬˲仯ڣڵϣɱ
ɱڰħꡢԯսͬʱɱԷͬͷ꣬ضΪ˱ѩ磬Ҫַ㻯ħսȫ𣬱˹ն
¡ֱַۺħ׵ǿײֱ۶·ѿһͬʱĽŲݺݵһ̤棬ڿն𣬷·ħ죬ҪҲҪնˡ
֮ϵŭХһٳͬʱַͬ˫ħͫĶͷ֮ȥ
ɱһħ֮־ӵУʳӵ־
ңӺһ˿̵Ѿַ㣬ľսĿֲоַ㣬ն
û˾ļλֵֻܶǶַ㷢ǰȥԮĿĮĿһУַħƿԴϡ
ôѪХҪƿַħ͵һѹʱͷ­ըѣ֮ҲҪ
ǣַɱӵɲǣݺݵһһֻƺıϣħӰݺݵĳǰȥɣ֮ϵ
ⶼԶȺһϢ֮УħӰַ֣·ħ񣬸ӿˣƲ֮ħӰ𣬷ַħ֮Ҳ㲻һֿƿµַͨĹпǣ۾
һıѩìַԴɱȥҪ̴ַʺַȻתֻǿıѩìҪûԼʺ͵һնɱ
͡һ촫ѩìԭأԷʺ֮һͬĺì漴٣˺ѵ¶Ӱᡣ
СģַһֻһֻƳӡȥַ˲Ϣ̤ȥᱧס
ַŭХǺҪڻͬʱնһǰһӰΣһҲıᣬ˪
ַŭһϵʬƶͻȻϲص嶼͵ĳЩץȥͬʱַһ֮ٶնɱȥһն𣬶һˮ̴壬һħӰԽԽ
䣡ַӣ·Լħ֮һͷţӰֻо֮ϮǵҪ
͡ɨգһնɱһֱ˺ѡ
Ὣһѣ漴˸һӰȻһЦһ׹þС
漴ƮƮǰˮ֮ĺ̴ʺ
ҰŮˣȥһ֮ɱȻһλѩ۹Ļӳˡ
ǣܰʹöжɱǿʢĹ䵽壬óԶȥͬʱնɱһ˵ַ㱻һħ׵ǿʹþУħӰѣͬ˳ȥ˶ݺݵײԶʯ֮ϣѩǣ·Ҫ
Щˣʵ̫ǿʤַն˶ʮˣɻоˣ


1358 
ղʵʣľλǿһɫַᣬȻַ֪ͬ飬ǲδ̫˼ᣬǵĿģնַ㣬ȡλã̤ѩŮΪǿš
ַԽսԽǿʢȻҲַһʼδȫսΪıǵģæɱԼͬȴû뵽ԼħӰ֮֮֡ʱֻǶݵƬʱ䣬ʮ˵ǿݣȴֻʣˡ
ȻʣµľӵУΨһĨĨѪ˷֮⣬ЩĺãˣԽԽôħӰշѹˣַᶼǿ֮ĩ
ʱַǽڶַЦʲô֣
һ컹ûڻˣṴ촽Ǳ˪΢΢ַ㣬ɴЦݡ
ʱ㻹Цַ㽫۴ȡ漴ĺ촽С
ǻ𣿡ῴǾ˳ѩͷţʱƬռ仯ɭޱѩû˴Ψбѩ
𣿡ַʵĵδɣ㻹ûɱ
ЦҡҡͷǰΪԼ£֪ΪΣʱ߷û˿־壬Ҳǽѵһ֡
˵ţỺת˫ַֹĲӣȻЦˣҲǰ˰ɣ
ǸҲҪᣬ𣡡ַ΢΢һЦĿ⿴̤ľŵӰڵħӶ·Ҫеħ֮ͷŶ
˵ţַ΢΢̧ͷ˫ͫף׵ݣΪħͫ׵УΨһħ־ޱߺڰ
Ⱥ΢΢һַͣǷ·𿴵һصħӰ죬ȻȪ֣ǵҪݽȥ
ҪɱңٻҪһЩˣַģǵĶĤУ·һħ䣬ǵ΢΢š
־͡ʵǿԱħʴȻַղɱ˶ʮλǿߣ˿֮ͫгֵĺħӰǸо˾ȪˮڶĤлţƺǼ᲻ɴݵһѷ졣
ǲ޷̤ıѩԼԼ֮·ȻǰΪ֮ӣݺؼ䣬һѰ׹ǣʬԶУ֪˭
ַžħһ죬ħ֮Ҫݵ⾳У޷԰Ρ
ַ˵ͬʱпַϣмɻ󡢼ֲ⣬૵֮֮Уȴ飬֮ˣΪг֮
飬
ܱն֮˾ǿǿʢ־ַͣħŭһȻҲܵǹħǿҪٽȥַ㻰ס
նңΪβ֣ҪΪ𣡡ַһ建վħƵϵı˪·ڽѿͫףôԵ
䣡ַŲһ̤Ƶħ·֮ں϶ѹȶȥľͫףûλӡ
ǵֵܱնֻʣˣսһѩ۹̸ǿЩڴ߳ȥ۹ˣ֪Σַŭһ첻ϣħᴩԷħڶԷתݡ
ڤŶһϸ캮ʵٶٻڤ֮ŶڤҪַ⡣
ƣַŭһڤŶΪ룬ǿޱߡ
ΪŶǿʢǸղϾѣֻʣˣɱߣնַŭħǿʢһ֮ᴩħƸΪǿʢ
λӣ󣬴Ӵ˱޺ѩ𡣡ַɣ·϶λѩ۹Ļӣˣֻȡ
죡һλŭ
ңַ㱬һᴩ룬ǿʢޱȵħͷţλҲħԽԽǿ
ңɱǣַͫ׶λӣλ建תħԽԽǿ
ɱһ֮λҡʱ򣬶ħ׸ǿһȭһ˵Դñѣ֮һìһλɱ˹ȥ
ǵĶַħͫ׵¶һЦ漴һһޱߵĽɨյУһبǵıʻ
ˣַٶһʻһʺ˾ֱ仯̺Уɱ֮ƶϣҪƿ⡣
ǣֻ֮˽Ųһ̤棬ʱһ·֣һӵϳַȥƺ
䣡ħ׵ǿͬһ̤ϵĺѿʣˣڲٵȴֶַ̫࣬ܿĽˣҪǿնǲţַ㻹ս
ַƻȻ֪մؾ޵õİʮһʽһʥ֮Σձóءɱޱ֮ŭХ˵ҶԼĺ·ڳһƣħҲҪѡ
ַ꣡˫ȱ⣬ʥƵϿӶ·Ȼֱ֪֮ۡͫʱȴѿݺĽڵͫףⲻס
ˣһַ֮£Ļ۳ΣȺҲһŲͣ
Ѿ֧սԣŻħֻʥ֮ͷ⽫ַˡ
ַЦɨȺ˶оľڣһʻ֮أն񷣬ʥ֮ÿһÿһ̺ںϰ彣ͶǿʢޱȵĹ
ַħԼó֮ϵʱ˵ĺݺݵĳ鴤¡
ɱûȺ·ܵһ֮ɱŶռңҪ˺ѵ֮гһƣѩϵѿ̶ļХ¡ľգħ׵͸ǧٿף඼ɱûˣʥƷӡ֮ˣ˺ѵӰ١
ˣΪӵսǿڣ֮ʥ֮£
ͬʱֱַۣҲס˱ֻ˫ڵӣɺ䣬Ų֮⡣
ɱһŭһɱַ㣬ˣֻʣˣַ㣬ʧȥսˡ
ޱȵıѩì۶ɣַ˫ͫҪ͸˫ͫףַԴɱַ㡣
꣡ѩìûдַͫһƵǰУһλӰ
ǳЦ֮䣬һ˲ߵ׹þУȻһ̣һɱ֮ͷţѵɲǣֻ˳͸޾ĺϢ·ͷ˿ѩ׵ıѩ֮ɫ


1359 ħ֮Х
ɱУ٣ֲİ˶ԷʺԷԴֱӱɱ
ǣһֲĺ͸˵壬ֻ˲ϢըѣΪ飬µĺӡ͸˵ƺؿڣ촫ݺݵײַϣһ붼Ҫ⣬·޷ۡ
ˣַնĸնһˣʣλǿߣˣλսģһսҪƺ㹻ˡ
ƺҲַ֪Ѿģ࿴˶ԷһۣЩɵƴ˲ҵĵزʮλǿߣʣˣ뵽һľַսôǿַֻս̫ǿʢֲǣ޷һģűַնˡ
ԵǣַҪˣⶼ޷ƿֻնɱֻҪնַǰŮˣȻŮ˺ǣģܱκʱ赲ǣҪն
˪˻ȻһЦǣַָ֣㱻գЦŵܿ˷ģ𣬱ˣ˵гһҳɱѩŮҪץȥůأ
Ϸһƶ˵Ȼ֮⣬ЦŵһΪѩŮģ˵㣬ɵüסµĳŵ
ַ΢΢˲־Ƿǳѵģֻ·ĸо塢Ѫסˣֻʣһ˫ħ֮ͫЦַоһ̵
ȥŵɣ٣ֻһڤӡٶȴѹȥҪɱ
䣡嫵ĺܷ֮·֣ϿյĴӡȻȴ̼շѹֲĺڤ֮ŰϣֻоӲҲҪַһ⡣
һڤŶ٣ɱᡣ
ѵ̧Ƶֵ촫ǹ֮Ȼȴ·оʹΪֱ۱סˣĽŲվַǰδҡ
ַ㣬ǰǴͫеħ·ȼաŭ𣬺Լħǿֲħ־ǿˡ
ˣԵģת԰׵ȴɴȻЦݣ·ˡ
¡¡ٶȴһ˳ˣҪնᣬǲŻһɱַ㣬˭ɱᣬ޹ؽҪҪ˭ɱַ㡣
ɫꡢϸȼգϷ·һֻ棬뺮ãȼաڣһ̣λӿֻо޷԰Σ֮ƺȼ
䣡ֲϣȼյ·ҪᣬȻδվǣ³һã
Ȼ֮䣬˺ƶ֮þУ޷԰ΣȻϣȴϵӣƺڻþн档
꣡ҲΪѩҪַĺ󳾣ȼսʣµˣǼͣҪն
ɱȻһѩڷ嶸Ȼ䶯ǻڻþ֮г֣ӡһ˵ԴϣɱȴͬһµĹ˳ȥݺݵײǽ֮ϣ·ڶҡҪѣڵϹ˹ǣһƺڵϣ˴ȴ顣
ãַĽ£˫ַɺЦ·һЦݣԶַǰʧ
ַ˫ڵħͫŽ¿ȥģûη塢ûпֻţΨǶ˵ȻЦݣ·ˡ
ˣǵá㻹Ƿһŵĺ촽ź³һ΢Ĳ
ַħͫȼħħħħ۵ħںϣĽ֯һ
飬һֱԼӺڷ߳һ·裬һֱߵ˽죻ҶġơСšˣҪҵģ̫˼ҪأվھƶˣСôǰȥ
ħһԾŽ֮˶ħ޷԰ΣΪħ֮أҪΪħūַ㣬
һħ֮⣬Ҫƿ
䣡ʱʣµλǿͬʱַɱ˿ûܹ赲ǣңΨʣˣ֮ʱˡ
ǣڤŶַɱȥɲǣԳһֻ֣͵Ľסһλսǿߡ
ŭһ͵ĺͶԷʣµһЦһһƽڤŶ䣬Цųַɱȥַˡ
ַָ⳯ȥҪ͸˫ͫ׽ַɱȻĿ⿴˫֮ͫʱĿⶸȻ佩Ӳبŵħ͸־ݺݵĲ£漴Ժн֯Ļһħ⣬ҪַǰɲǣȻͣ漴建תһӰ
ǣ˾Ȼɱַ֮˷˹ϣħ֮ǣΪħַħ־ƺǿˣ߶һ۽Ϊ־ݻ٣ħᴩ壬ȡ־ħ
ҵˣսǿ߱һЦָʱ֮УɱħԴ漴Ȼһħ𡢱⣬ԶԶ˦˳ȥǰֻʣַˡ
һǿߵѾڣȺսҵֻ˻վţһ˻Ǳ⣬ľղַ㣬۾һˣʹΪս
ָɣһλǿ߸ٵ󣬲ַκλᣬ۾Ǳŵģʮָָʮ͸һУַͫס
ɱһħ֮ХûȴĲÿһ˶ĤȴĲַ㱻·ӿħ֮⣬Ǳ壬ȻͬʱУһǾħһƲһֱͫС
ˣħ飬ɢӴַͫ޾ģΨԼħ
ڣַǱһ̤˳ȥǵģѣ嫷ħĶˣ۳һΰħӰһַ̣Ψħ޾ħͫУ͸ħɱ֮⣬Ķǰ֮ˡ
ͻˣ˿ַΪȻʱ̿أʱɫȻ԰漴ַֻٶһԽֱӵǰ̧һɲǣ˽ȥַħеħ֮־ӵǿʢˣ·ǰվŵѾħޣһħħ
ħ־ɱ¾ħ־춼Ҫ̤߶Ҫ˺飬ħ


1360 ʮ
ַĿֲħᴩԷԺɲǣħӡͬʱ̽˶ԷԴϣһɹɿֲħ֮ӶԷͷ¹ᴩ£˻֮ɫϽǷ·Ҫըѡ
һΣ˶ַ㣬͸һĨ֮⡣
ɱַŭХһ·ħХ嫵ħ֮շѹǵı촫˵ǿʢޱȵħ֮ըѣ˺˷飬ΨַϺħڷݡ
ȫˣԶȺһⶼľȫɱˣЩǿߣʵǿûħİԾħ֮⣬·̼֮ܵʱܼħİԵħĻħᴩ֮䣬ݺء
ַߵߣ˫ɺЦеһֱ壬ܹ
ַ㽫ŵᱧ漴ԼУһǿʢĻţѩڻܿ죬ѩʧ֮ʱ˸ûжַо棬ƺ
𣿡ַַϣһɹᴩ壬ݻǱĺ⣬ЦҡͷΪ
һǷһŵַЦ˵漴Ҳʯ֮ϣϻȼգɢڵĺ⣬ԼҲòȥڹؼʱͻƣħǿƿ˱Ѫ˿¾ˡ
ʱʹַǰĿⶢַ㣬ƺ֮ǰ˿̵ַŨȤ
ַʱ̧ͷҲʹΪãȴɹŵЦ⣬£̣ʵ㹻ǿַǿƣὫʹնˡ
ˣʹü֮һĿĹ⻪ַȥַȻһɫֹһƹ⻪ûü֮ü֮ͻȻһӡǣ赲ʹǵʹȻһ
ʹһȵɫַĸоһƺһȻҲֻһݵ˲䣬ֱַһֱֲˡ
ܿ죬ʹȴ¶һ˿Цݣַϲ㣬ɹͨ飬һ
ַ˿ȴɻԤ߸ԼһӡǣǻסԼʲôΪζԷü֮֮޷֣УڿԤߵӡ֮󣬶ԷΪλһĨ⣬ѵѩ֮䣬ĳ־ڵж
ǰҲ˵ˣߴԽó𣿡ַʹЦ˵вãҲֳܱԷǰ˵Ǿ仰㣬ǱѩĻһС
ŮѽȥɣʹЦ£ַʱ΢΢ͷǿԵĻ
أҼȻһΣǱһΣѩŮԸΪǿšʹЦ˵·ֶַÿַɻ޷⣬ȻԷղŶԼ¶һŵĺ⣬ʱΪ׼һȥ
лǰٸһЩʱ𣿡ַʹ˵
ԣʹ˵ͷ
ַĿȴϣЦŵЩһ̤ˣǱһˣ𣿡
šƺַҪʲôЦŵ˵ͷ漴ַֻ建վϹħ֮ͣȺȥһĻһһҪʲô
ַֻߵһǰҲַ㣬Ŀ͸һĨ⣬ղֳַսЩˣǴӱѩ۹̤Ⱥ֮һʮˣﻹŵˣʮ
ɱַһ³ħڣһȭɱһȭ塢ħ֮塢֮壬ټַ㱾ħ֮ǿʢҪɱԷûκԷˣȻַĲȴ·ճŶԷµħ֮ȭڶԷԴϵɲǣһ죬Ĩɱ
ӱѩ۹̤Ⱥһ޵ļǷǳֲģȻ̤ǰַֻɨһۣԲǡ
¡һѵźƵħзŰһˣǿƺɱ
ңںղַ̤ףһ¡¡ı첻ϣÿһը֮ζһ˵
ʹǰ˺ҪʹȣȻʹɫĮȻûȥᣬԣֵһᣬ˶ѣߵ죬ɱ¾̫࣬һĻ֮ս
ɱڳַصߵʱЩӱѩ۹̤ѩ˱ȫնɱһʣһΣ²ѩ޷֪һУʣһʲô֪Ҳû֪սӵе֪նλѩ۹Ļӡ
κһɣ㹻ַ㽫ȫնɱǲַ㽫ٵΣ
Щ𣡡ַʵ
öˣΣȥɣҪյ³ⶫ䲻ʥȴӵǿ֮ᴩ˵壬ʹ֮ȶʢ
ַַĺ촽䣬ҡͷŰɣ͸㣡
ߣȥѩŮΪǿһţ
ַһ˳СűѩṲ̊ȥĿӰƺоȻ֮£δΪʹһе棬ˣԵ˺ݡԼҲ㹻ݡ
ڣַ̤ţ·һƬҵյУռ任֪Լڴ͸գǰһط
صʱһǣǰȵĽڵϡ
һƬռ䣬һյĴǰһڣ֮ƺһѾвӰǡ
ǣַ㿴ǼӰаˣ֮ǰ̤ˣ⣬ˡ
ʱҲعͷ˭ˣַͬʱ̤ʱ򣬶¶һƾȵɫȻˣӦֻһ
Ȼַ֪ͨʲôŵ
㾹ҲĿַһЦͷ˪
ͬʱǺŮַͬ΢΢ͷʾ⣬ַΪȣŮ˾Ȼͷʾ⣬ҲǿһιֻҪʵõ˶ԷϿɣԷŻżȻʾ⣬Ҳʶˡ
ַ˵ͷӦ£漴Ҳߵǰ֣һش棬㣬·߲㡣
ַǰȥʱӶȻ΢΢һ
ʮʮô


1361 
ַǰģʮһֺĴ·Ҫƶˣÿһ֮ϣӦĹ·Ƭط
ַģһ·ǻ֮ɫлȼհ㣬Ʋ㶼Ⱦ˺ɫҲǾŲ㣬߲вӰڰ˲һˣھŲ㣬ģĿǰһˡ
ʮһټַڵıѩãʮӦöӦǾʮʮ
ǣ̤ˣԲǾʮˣͱڵѩǴӱѩ۹̤롣
ζţʮֻʮһŵ㣬ʮͨ򣬵գڴˡ
ʮ룬һƮĿտս̨ΪʮλÿһλվһӰѩڵķλվŵӰȻʹӰ·֮еʹһܹǧ֮ǵеÿһ档
֮ˣӦúͱѩʹһʹݣԤߵݣӦҪ߲٣
ӣҲˣʱԶһӰַĿ⳯ǱͶȥһ貵Ŀռ֣·ʱܻʧ㣬˿˿ռ˿ߴӿд䣬ڵ߲λãҲǺַƽ֮أһϤӰӰɲǣַȻһ
Ȼַв˲ˣң԰˻ľˣʮ֮һ˾
棬ǻڲһַе˻ľ˾˿ռУνʮĿռģң˾óΪʲôǿռ
˾ȻҲַ㣬ħ۵ħô᲻ϵô˿̵ַ㣬˫֮УȴǴһĨǳǳЦݣܿĶַ˵ͷ
ԽԽˣ֪Ƿҵ֮ˣ˾ԣһλ͸һĨ⣬һ翵ĸо׽͸
ʶ𣿡ᳯ˿ȥˣĺܣǵüԷȻ֪ңǺ˾һ
Ϊӽһɣҡǧ㣬ֻǳڰ˻¶棬ӲϵҲ˾󣬵һƮַĶĤС
ǧ㣡ַ΢ǽ޵ǧС
ǧ㣬ǧͬˣǳЦŵַ㱻ǧзϢ̤ս֮ǰ˵˵ģңǧ޵ĳƺţѾ֪
ͬǧֳұֳ꣡ǧƽ˵Ц΢ЩȻͬңǧУֳ
ǧУǺιϵǧʵõĻô⣬ʵã֮ͬǧ궼пܣȫɵԼԸ
ַ㣬˵츳ǧлҪ¡ַ㴫˵ǧкǧֵܣ꣬ǧ޵ǧҲ̤߲㣬ȻҲ֮Ҫ˾ˣҲ򵥣Ǹ
˾ռҺҵĹϵȻǳѹֻһԸʼңЦ£ַĿȻλˣô᲻ỹڡ
ַ֮ʱܿ죬Ŀһֳˣңֹһˡ
ʼֵܣ߲ͬ㣡
ַĿ⿴ɱ磬ͬһױ߲λвӰˣȻʼ裬Լʰѩ
ֻʼֵͣƬַ̣ˣܿ죬һɵ֮֮ʱʱͫһڤУ
ǽ˿ڤԾϾǰѾмλˣȻڤУλڷڰ˲㡣
˾ʮʱ׼ڻ֮ԼԲܻķ϶գټֶΣӵսַ̤߲ܹģԼԣûͻ֮ǰʹΪսʮˣаտʹȴսʮˡ
ңͬһ֪ѡεģͱѩһҲ˵
ַھսʱ˿ڤУڤǺǳһǰеģȥʮᵱʱ˵ڤУûô򵥣˶͹˿ڤѹҲԤΪӵ֮һ
ڰ˲㣡ַڤмȻܹ̤ڰ˲㣬ôսҲ۷壬أ̤أǸ
Ϳڤһڰ˲Ȼ٣վûһ˵ģҫ۵˲ǣʮ֮УΪ貶ĿֻһվһھŲӰΨһλܹվڵھŲ
Ϊߣضѣֻһվһ֮սţ㲻࣬ΨҶ
Ųͷţȴʵʵڵĳϣ·ӡ֮еʣ쵮
ӦӵһǿʢʣŻᵮʳ˵
Զŵһ壬·óɾ֮λԱߵĿ˵ı˪ʶߣǾ磬һֳνǿߵһ𾴳νЩǿҲ˵
һʣַɫһڤ壬֮һ
ڤ
ʮһ𣬵ǣƺΪʣʹʮһáǽŮҲ˵Ŀ⳯е꿴ȥĿ·Ҫȡ֮ΪĴڣû壬˭˵ܳɾ;ߡ
Ǳ˪ǾȻҲôַſʵ
˪һʥȺӣв٣壬ɲôҵģңҲûãӦװɣЦ˵ַ΢΢ͷȻһȺӣôΪ˪꣬ȻҪġ
һ壬ӦһɿĿϾ磬߼𣬾ͬʣеĵλһ
λǷ𣿸ξĹߣԼѡ񣿡ʱս̨һλʹ˵һŮ˵ʮʵꡣ
һ̣еԵ˵ҫâ䣬ʮᣬõ̤һУõõҪΪߣһأ


1362 ѡ
ʵϣʵ۵ĻӵʵǲܳڵھŲġ
ܹվڵھŲˣζһأҪӵصս޶ԣǲڵģǾŽҲһУϾص۷壬оذ壬ɱǿޱȣȴֿصһιһŭѪһԴʹɱ㣬׾١
ңе껹һأѵҪսʲɣУ֮ϣӵв˼½еǿ߿ܻս۷壬ս޵ˣǵѵսʣǻʵʵģܹ֮ʱսʵˣַ㵽ĿǰΪֹֻ˵һˣħʡ
ԣ˵ھŲ㣬ʵֻǵڰ˲㣬ҲܹƾԽĹȥΪԭ򣬱еһӵϡ壬ԣվ˵ھŲ㣬˵ܹս޵ȻҲܷǿ󣬿ʵУֻ֤ԲУŬӵ壬һǿ߷㣬˷ʡ
һ壬ȻˣЩȻҪΪԼһһԱ
ûһ޳ȥ㣬ΪʵʮһЩ̤֮Уԡ֮⣬ĿģҲΪӣδѣϾֳǵǿҪʵѪҺ䡣
ԤԤ˵δҲַ׳֦𣬿ңйһУȵЩɳӴʱҲԸ룬ΪеһԱνԣʵǻ
ߣͨӦһԱŶԣһʹЩá
̤֮ǰѾˣ˲žʮҲͨ㲻ԼĻЩЦôһʹ˵һ
΢ԭ̤֮ǰѾˡ
壬ϲŻʼԡս⣬ܹʶǺϸӴǺѶ϶ġʱַڵıѩڰ˲һַˣ壡
ĪϧĲڤҲĻôڤУӦҲӵһ߿ʣȴֻվڵڰ˲ѣӦûбʹ
뵽ַĿ⳯ſڤͶȥһֻۣʱĿڤΪƽƺ⣬ҲԼ뱩¶
Ȼ˵ôǷˣҲ̤ҵ֮Եϴ񣡡ʹ˵
ֻҪԸ⣡
ԣһΣʮһأʮ֮ѡһΣΣ
ãһûʱʹ˵
ħͬһħʹ˵
Ҳû
ʹ׷ͬ⣬Լ֮ΪţϾȻѡ̤ǵóͶˣи𣬵ࡣ
ѩʹȴٳδڣüͷ΢΢£Ϊ֪ѩУƺһܻܿѳѩң۲죬ܵľˣԲһ㣬ϣ˽
ѩǷӦñ̬ˣʮһȫͬ⣬ʱĿڱѩʹϣñѩʹüͷ£֪ѾעͬҲûˡ
ãͬ⣡ѩʹ˵ͷ
ȻˣڿʼԼѡһξԡһ԰ɣ
ʮеȺ㶼ΪеڶѡĻˣңѡ񣬽ܻõһòӵʮȻĶǻһΣ
ʱû֪֮Ľܹ־ͣܿԼľϣǲ
ǵĻӦö˰ɣܹ̤߲㣬ǵ츳ѾõʮϿɣѡһõŴʮѡȨڣվһʹǱ㽫֪ǵѡ񣡡
һλʹ˵ѡһεȨ
ѡôȥ˿ʵ˶ǳ⣬ַǴӱѩ۹̤ѩģεѡħǷͻؾʮħڵĵ۹۹֮˿һİ֮˳֣Ƿն
ǲصģǻΪǸ֮⣬û˸ҶǣʹĻ˵ĵģַȴԳװģ˵һᣬӦ߲ģʱѡѩ᲻Ը᣿
ַ㣬ûʹһ⣡
ַ㣡ĿַϣҲ룬ַ㣬ʵʺϱѩӦ̤Уħȱѩʺַ㡣
ַĿȴͶ˱ѩʹֻʹվδʮʹڵȴѡ
ѡѩһеˣѡħҲ⣬ŮѣһΪѩڰ˲һԱԡѩŮĹԣңʵԲ㣬ȴδĳɾͣ
ʱһƮַĶĤУַ΢ȻǱѩʹȻ˵Լѡ񣬶ңչᣡ
ⲻɵַһɻ֮⣬ѩʹΪô
ѵ˵ҲԼܻӵвʣ֪ԼܻѡͨһдɾͣڱѩУ൱Ҳס
ַ㿴ƺкʵʵĿˣ
ˡˡһӰ˸˶˸ʹ󣬾ǵѡѡˣ١
ˣѡȥħַᴫʹΪģ
ţȥɣڴΪδħ񣡡ǳЦ˵Ȼɡ
ãץѩŮȥůַ㴫Ц漴գһħʹ̤ȥ
ῴַӰڿգȴվ˱ѩʹĺ󷽣ˣѡ˲ͬǵ·һ
˿ʮʹѡǵĿⶼͶеӰڴѡԼһ
ս־ܹյǿģʹ˵
õ
첻ս壬Ӧ֪ħսһսħѡ񣡡ħʹ΢΢ͷе˵ΪһλʣǴе񣬱Բɣ


1363 ̤ħ
̧ͷе꣬Ϻй֮ս⣬սȼսѪҺ
첻ս壬ࡢսʵǿӦӹɵģַվħʹȺ֮УƺԵ̫ͻΪ˵Ŀ⣬֮еǵӰϣעѡ
ûսƺħȽʺе꣬ħ񣬰Եսһŭ֮ºʬ򣬼̤أ޷졣
еĿƽ촽΢΢䶯£ʮʹĿⶼȴĴ𰸡
ѡħ³һʹȺĿ΢΢һ͡
ħʹ˫ڵͫ׵һƵЦ⣬ʮһʹ¶һĨʧɫʹǴ̤룬ģȴħ
ֻеӰ¿գħʹڵķλãַ
һεսӶ·һʣҲûȥΣս壬ʣʮᣬαȥǿʢ԰ʡ
ħʹתӪûκһȥЩ˼Ǵħ̤룬Ȼħħǿ֮УħǿʢȻǲȥͶġ
ûʧһˣȴˣַû̫⣬ӱѩе߲ˣڣӦΪħޣ̫ӣĵģǲս壬̤ħսʣһԳɾͰԵħ
ϲѡħħʹЦ˵ǹϲǣĿ⣬ʵֻꡣ
ˣλǷøԻعԼˣħʹʹ˵ϵħƣмֵ⣬սʣɲô׳֣ǷǳǿʣħĳɾͲгһգܹսħ
ʹ죬սħУħ㲻뿪ˡ
ΨѩʹĿżַ㣬ʵϣڻδ͸ַ㣬ַ㣬ͬһսʣ·սֶͨͨΣħͽǿʢԵף޷죬ˣҪַ㣬һӡ赲סˡ
˿̣ɻڲ²⣬ַ㣬ںʣǷʹͲսƵһս壿
ַ㶯һɱ뵽һĨӡǣ־ûбҪᣬҲַŮȥֻҪڱѩΪѩһԱַоɾͣҲվڱѩĶֶΪ
ʮۣս⣬һԭ򣬲ǿ˴̤ȺʵΣ˿̣ʮһһãβдһʹ˵̤һǳǿǵڰ˲ļλеǼϲս壬÷ǳˣȴû뵽Ȼѡħ
ʹƺܲˬأʹаһ֮ܳˣΪδ㣬ЩжٻΪһԱδ֪ûıҪҪ棬Ҳյȵǳɳ֮
ûбҪħʹڣ˵
Ҳԣ綼ڵ߲ѡһˣдһ˴һʵδɣʹЦ
ֻһˣұѩҲѩʹȻ˵Ʈ
ߣħʹתħķȥֱӽˣһĻʹĿһɫÿҲʹǴǳЦħޣˣء
ַķ΢΢ͷ˵˻ľ
ַӰĲħУ˫ˮȴ·Ȼ֮Уص˻ģǰ֮ˣ
ħ߲⣬ħʹȺʮˣսԼַ㣬ʮһڵ߲㡢˵ڰ˲㡢һˣھŲ㡣
˿ħĴѾرգħˣʮһһٶ̤У棬з츲صı仯
ǣղڵڼ㣬ǰڼɣңڰ˲˿̤߲ռ䣻ھŲ㣬̤һ㡣ħʹ˵ս΢΢ͷֻܹ̤ϵھŲ㣬ңħʹҲ׼ħὫߣ⽫ս屻Ū߻
һȻħδǿߵǲս̤ϵھŲ㣬ˣУʮֻǸһֶѣգʸƾԼ̤ħħŻʽǣ񣬱ǸһΪħ֮˵Ļ
ħˣʮˣÿ˶Լ˷һУֱӴߣңҲĽΪʱֳ츳㽫ΪһԱǼʵ̫̤֮࣬ʮΪ֮£ǸһᣬҲǸԼһᡣ
Ƿϡ֮壬ǲŻֱӴߡ
ȥڰ˲㿴ʱһħʹ΢΢һͣĿ⳯һӰȥ
˵ַ㣬һֱܰվȺ棬һԲûΪʹԲսӶŭҲʮ᲻ս꣬׼ߵģܷһиߣȻڰ˲㣬ַ㻹ȥһģȻħȻҪΪԼȡĺôڱѩ
ħʹַ㣬ӱѩ߲תħ꣬΢΢һЦħʹҿħ츳
ַ߳벽Ŀ⿴ʹȻ䣬ͫ׻˺ڰ֮ɫֲħ־ţһǿʢħ֮Ҫ˵ᣬݻ˵־
ˡʹһâ漴ַħָͫƽ΢΢ͷãһڵ߲㿪һͨڰ˲ĵ·ֻҪܹ߲ͨĿ飬̤ϵڰ˲㣡
һӡһöӡϣħԽһöӡǣΪħһԱ⣬ڵ߲͵ڰ˲㶼һȴ֮ţֻҪ߳ȥܹҵԼĹ·
ħʹ˵漴ü֮һӡŶûʮ˵üģսǿûС
һУʹֻ˻֣ʱַϣƱһħ֣·õħĶ
ȥĵطʱĵطͬһطƾһħ⣬û˸Ҷ㣬ħħ⣡ʹַ㿪˵˲Ҫ
ȥɣ
˶û˵ƽĳħ̤ȥַ㣬ҲȺһ̤˵߲ħУ


1364 ʮħ
ʮһӰһ̤߲ħ֮ڣƵħħڷ·۳ħư㣬Ŀ·֮ϡ
ôħϢַ㻺ǰţħзһħϵ嵱У·Ҫϴħ֮ռݡ
䣡Ȼ䣬ַͫ׾һֻǰһ˫ڵ·Ҫͫ׶̴ħ֮ͫ͸޾ħ⣬·Ǿħǡ
Եһأ·£˭档
һħǰҰı漴һħǰһħڣȴȻֻһħӰѣ˫ħͫȴһ˸ܵǿһ˫ĿҪ͸ַ㡣
ҪħȻܹħ۵ǧ겻ɢȴȾħħеЩħ־ǿңΪʵַеǰħӦһλʼħʡ
ˡһĿ֮â͸ַĿת漴ֻһħ־һ˫ͫ׵дַŲһ̤¡촫ֻоͫʹһħ֮־·Ҫ͸ɱòɢ
ɱַӿħ޾ݣ˫ͫ׵ǿʢޱȵħ֮ţǴͫ׵еħ֮־Կ۾УĿħ⣬ħΧ·һƬڵ硣
𡭡һƿֲħǵħ·࣬ɢַͫ׵кȼħ𣬽Ľħɢ
ַ㳤³۾ȥħ̫ʵˣǸĸоħһ˫֮У̺ħʵŵħ
ǿһ񣬾ܽ־ᴩϣҪɱַоЩȻ̤֮һأ۰˻ĺ;ʮľΨʥݣŻʰɣ
λħóħ֮־ǲַ࣡ûȥ˫ͫףһħ־Уһףܿɢˣڶλħ־ȴ·ַ̺꣬첻ս壬սսв࣬ʮԭɡ
ֹλħʣַ࣡ĿɨһƬռ䣬˿ħɢ֮أȴ·ʮħʵ񣬷·ħʮħ㡣
ʮħ֮ħ־򣬿ܹ͸һħ־ܹõǳĺôɡַеھħ۵ħйħǽħµ־ħۣ̺ǿħ֮һݣݿ־ħԵס
⻹ֻǵ߲㣬ħʼħôڰ˲㣬ǷħۼħھŲ㣬ʲôַеħʵź֮⣬Щ̤ħǿߣδ֪ĵطȴͬһʱ䣬ʮħͬһص㣬ħֱһ˼飬׵۶һֹڰ˻Ķѣ
ĸҲʮһֻûмط˶ѡ
뵽ַϥʮħ֮־²ô
Ŀ΢΢ַ̧˵ħ񣬺͸ղһµħ֮־ͨ˫ͫ״ַУһħᴩ壬ħƵݡ
ħ̺ħ֮־ħ˫֮ͫУ·ħ־ҪַȼգǳܲסַԼᱻħ֮־ħ̤˵߲㣬־ǿңħ־֮£Ҳܡ
ַ㲢δȥ򣬶ʮħħ־֮ǵ̺ħ֮־ַһЩħɲôħ֮ͫÿ˵ħ֮־һ־־־Ҳǳħ⣬ó֮֮Լ֮ǵħ־С
ַ㿴սƵصս֮ħ־пµħ־·һַܽ㻹ںϵħ־·̺ͫħ־ںֲֿħ֮־·Ϊַ㿪һȴš
ͨħ֮־ǿģӦǾ֮־֮⣬ħۣ֪ν֮ͫУ𵽴ݻãʵϣӵ˶İܹ֮Щħħһ뵽ħ棬γҵħ־ٸǿʢħ֮У߶ħ֮־һֱɱˣ
ַ漴ȫ뵽ʮħʵħ֮־Уϣһħ֮־ᴩħƽֲħӣһϥַ㣬·Ҳһħħ˫ͫףȡħ֮С
ңַҪĿ꣬еħһ̺ħ־ħһ̺֮ͫħ񣬱޾ǿʢħ֮Уܹ򵽲֮壬Լ֮
ʮˣҲԳԼУ໥֮ȴ޷˴ˣ·˶һ㣬ȥԼģǣǵܹʮħҪġ
ǣʱһ촫ַĿ΢漴һȥֻ̺ħ־ħƣڷȼգ֮ȫţ¡һ촫ʮħһħݻ٣ʣʮ
ңһħ֮УһڵĹâû뵽м䣬ʧ
ʲôַĿһղڵĹ·һҳħ֮飬ħѣѵΪ̺ħ֮־ԲŻʧ
УҲҪЩ򣡡ַĿⶸȻһͣһΣ֮Уʼר־һħ־ǱȣħҲղħʹνĿ飬ҲҲйء
Ȼȴôģİ֮ʱҪѣࡢ֮࣬·㣬뵽֮зںϹǽ¡
սʣӵǿʢĲս츳
ַ㣬ӵУȴͨ죬ȥ츳


1365 
࣬棡ַͫڣħһֱһħǴ·еħ־治࣬ʹȫħ֮־ȥֵҪȥݻⲻħȴԽһĿ
ħǿʢԵǲֹ࣬ĽͨѸޱߣɱ޾ֻ˲Ϣ֮£ǹܹ֮࣬һεȿֲ
ַڵħ֮У¶֮ħ⣬֮壬κεİϣӳǿʢҪƿء
ǣ֪ȥ˶ãһħըѣʮħֻʣʮ̤뵽߲һ򵥣ǵҲмн䣬ǽħʱãħʶ򶼷ǳ̡
һжַ޹أȲ۵ڰ˲Σ˿Ŀģħ֮⣬ûκһжڣ˶ԲС
ַ֮ϣһƲħ֮ϢƬռħ֮֯һ𣬷Ĺǲħ·𲻻ḯ㣬һֱǣԽԽʢ󣬲֮ħ⣬ַ嶼Уַϥĵȫǲ֮ħ⣬ңڲϱǿΪ࣬Ϊħ⻹
ַ˫ڵͫףҲһƲ֮⣬ħǿʢḯࡣ
꣡ħѿһһħ֮ħ⣬ͬʱһڵĹâͬɫûħм䣬ֱûһ˵ԺС
ħʱһ֮ħҲѺۣ޴ħмһ··ҪѣȻħȴι̣ûֱ
ꡢꡭһƳ֣ħɲһĻħеĺü˶ĿͶ˲ħһħ̺֮ħ⣬ĵ񣬶·𲻻ḯ㣬
ˣһâӲħŶֱӳַüĵУһַֻ̣оԴ͵һƺһҳžƺһħ񣬻˵һħԼһҳ޴ħ֮Уֱӡϣһַֻ̣оԼһɲ֮ħᴩ壬·һħںںϡ
ˣַ֮ϣħţ֮ħᴩᴩ塢·ҪעĻǵУͬඥ֮ħ⴫
ÿֲħĺô𣬷·һħҪںϵϣַԺ΢𺳲ѣû֮壬ȥħ־־Ļףûǿʢ
ַܿûȥ룬ȫȫĳУһҳħӡԼϣ֮ħⷭݡ
һĻһֱãַٶ֮ʱȫĲ֮ħ⣬·ħ֮䣬ḯࡣ
ħ̤֮۷壬ֱ̤ϵأַܵϵİڵͫ׵¶һĨЦ⣬ħ֮ϣѾԼٰˣңⲻ֮壬ֱӿ֣ԼϺüְƽ
ַӵеİ֮ѾԽʮ඼ͣԼأΨֻжذ塣
ַڳԽʮû̫ľȣԼֻҪкʵκεİܹģǣ岢ԽԽãڰٵʱ򣬶༸ְȻǿ󣬵ǵĵزѾûбҪȥ׷ˣҪʡ
ħ֮塢塢壬ЩַҪģŻںȥǣħħ֮޿ɱ⣬࣬࣬ǿκֶεĹħйءңħ䣬Ӱεǳգǽںǿһŭȣ࣬ɫ䡣
ַĿ⿴ʮħʮħѾаħˣֻʣʮħ
ַûȥħֱͫһħϣ̺ħħ
ַħۺһ˫ħͫӴɲǣһȻֱ֮·Ҫߣ֮עϡ
һۣܽɱħ⣬ֳӦħ֮Ľ塣
ħʣһɱңַȴһ˿ûв壬ѾžĶ壬Ҳˡ
ÿߵ˶ӵ֮ΪԽǿԽߣ֮Խǿʢ˴ҲԽǿ߱ɻǧ֮ãΪǿ֮ᣬ֮ʱ
Ķ棬Ϊ֮ʴҲͬΪİᡣ
ַ˲ĸϵ֮ħǿʢ˥·ħ˵ϣܹ֮佫˵ߡ
ַ㣬˿߲ħУˣҲħǵΧͬһ֮֮һǿʢԼŵˣȻҪȥһ˶ѡǿʢҲҪѡΪʺԼģַһκεʺģֻѡܹǿġ
һεȶڲħҪ죬ַΧħ֮ʱħ棬ҲһѺۡ
꣡һ촫ħ׵һħ͸ղһֱûַ嵱Уħ֮һҳħ𣬷·ǽȥħͷΪһħ֮ȻħκЩ
䣡ɺ嫵ħ𣬷·Ҫħᴩħ⣬ַˣҲλǿʢħˣֻǱַһħ飬һҳӡħͼ
ꡢǱ
һħħӿħȺڣʮħ񣬽ЩȫߣЩħޣͬһǿ㣬Ӷħ
ַһĳħ⵱Уԣħĵ߲õǿİħͼᴩ壬ԺԴԴϵѾ㹻ˣͼǰ徭һ
꣡һħ飬ħ֮ħݣһħ籩ħ룬¡Ŀֲ촫ħ۳ɻ籩ͱƵڰ˲ǹɿ·籩֮Уһȿţͨħڰ˲㡣
ʹ˵Ⱥһֲħ֮籩Ӧñǵڰ˲֮أ
ͬʱӰӰĿⶸȻ俴ַ㣬ַܵϵħ⣬ǵвɵ¶һƺâ漴Ǳ㽫Ͷħ۶ɵķ籩ȻħѾַȥɱַҲûãҲַ֪սΣˣԾȥֱӴǵս


1366 һ޶
ɷ籩ܿ£ȺĿⶢŴĻħ籩̺ħ·ܹ˴ݻ٣籩ȴƺͨڰ˲ͨ
߲Ҫٿһ㣬Ȼô򵥡
䣡ֻһڵӰŲһֱ̤ӿǿµħ籩ȥ
Ȼֻ˲䣬ǿֲħѹȵɫ԰ףʽķ籩ѹȹγħ쫷磬쫷籩ǵϵڰ˲Ľݣ̧濴Կ쫷϶ˣǷ籩ǿĵطǵڰ˲ڡ
Խϣ籩Խ£֮ħܽշѹ
𣡡˽Ųһ̤·Ҫϣǻķ籩Ȼֲֻ̤һ֮룬ֻо籩ҪշѹΪƬħ֮·ܽѹ
䣡ϣһɹɳ֮ħͦţȻħֱƶΪҪ̤ǵڰ˲ռ䣬ħĵ߲Ⱥôڰ˲㣬¸
Ȼ̤Ĳ֮󣬵籩֮ۻ֮ʱһϢѹ޷ǰ¡һѵ촫ֱѹſڵϣΪǱ漴߳ɷ籩ħơ
³ɫѿÿֲħܻĽѹ
һҪ̤ϵڰأгħ֮֮⣬ŲٶȳǰȻһΣȴ籩棬Ŀ΢΢һ
ȥˣᣬƺֻһΡ
ħܱѹ壡һ˵ɨʧ֮һۣ漴ĽŲҲ̤˷籩֮УħƵ·ҪΧضûȻ籩ɲǣ΢΢£Ȼɼǿ̤ԼĽŲϣȻѹ֮ơ
Ȼ̤֮󣬲֪ħ֮籩Ŀ£ܹ˻ѹ嶼ҪըѵȻҲֻ̤Ĳ
ħ޵Ȼ࣬ڰ˲㣬̤룬ǰ˵ʧܣǻӣңᣬΨһΡ
˺͵ˣʧܣ̤Ĳ
ˣͻƣ̤˵岽֮󣬱޷Ҫħѹ
һֱڰˣĲ̤֮ʱʱ˶ֻһħڰ˲㡣
¡̤ԽߣµԽݣħ·ڲ˿˼Ѫӷ籩߳ʱӵȴ͸һĨѪķֻһɹˣܿϧΣսԼļޣʧҲȻ
ʣˣ˶ƺ״̬Уħ뵽ϵħһǿҵģ֮ɿԼͨӡϵһҳħӰǣȴеһ־޴ĺô
ڣһ漴̤ǿֲķ籩棬ƶϣ̤һУһṳ̆˵籩֮·ֻҪһͨ籩ۣ̤֮ڰ˲㣬ȻһҲѵһ
𣡡쳤Хһħ죬ӿ޾ħ֮ϢҪ̤أ͵촫·ҪѣѪȾ壬Ȼ󺧣Ȼ͸Ųħ֮У̤ϵڰ˲֮ʱ籩֮۴һħŭ漴¡һ죬˵ݺݵڵϣһҵĸݣ߳籩ģϥָƣȴû˸ҿ̤˵ڰ˲㡣
ȵʮˣһǳǿƣ̤˵Ȼһ֮ʱ׹䣬ʧˣ֮ǰȺľƽЩħ֮־ǿ籩̫ˣֻħ߲ǵڰ˲㣬ԭģڰ˲ˣ츳ĿܱҪǿһЩȻǲΪԼԶˣһʱ츳һĳɾֻͣҪԶԼ
ֻʣһˣȺĿ⿴򻹳еַ㣬֮Χ·Ҫ嶼ǳǿң˲Ըû뵽ӱѩйħħ츳ϾȻǳǿħ⡣
ħ̺Ƕ˵ˣǶԸһ֮ˣħţܽ˵ᣬܿ£ав˶ħ⣬ȴѡʺԼģַֻľʧˡ
ߣλħһַ㣬Ǻַͬħ֮ˡ
ˡȻڴ˿̣ϥַ㶸ȻħȻתڵħ֮з·пֲħţֱ˵֮ͫС
šš˽Ų΢ˣ¡¡ĺħȻͷţڸղһɲǣǸоҪǵҪ
ָоֻɲ֮ѣһֱĸоʧǵɱַ㡣
ַĿƽĿһۣ漴ĿǷ籩֮ϣȻ粻ŲʣȫͶ룬緢֮£֪ģĻҲɱҪ
ڰ˲㣡ַڵͫ׵һĿ֮ɫΨͨ籩̤ڰ˲㣬ΨһĻᡣ
Ųַ̤ûκԥ̤˷籩УϿµħ֮籩·Ҫѹоħ֮ϢڱңͬʱѹҪ顣
䲻ǿ̨̤죬ҿ֮籩ңַһޱȼ֮⣬˵ӵδ֪ǿ츳ڶ̶̼ʱĳɾͣ־Ŭ޷ָģֻԼ֪ߵжô֮ףһСĹһ·֮·᫡
䣡ַ죬䣬죬籩֮У·ռ䴫ֱַ̤֮ħԽԽǿ״ħѹȶ£Ҫıѹ塣
ַ³漴ٶһ̤ͬһɽħⲻ
ַ㶸Ȼ̧ͷħͫϿգħⲻҪ̤أ岽ǿ̤ǹϢѹϵ˺ϣ·Ҫ
𣡡ַŭХһ޷죬ħ裬̤籩ۣ֮Ψһ֮ң
͡͡·ҪѵַѪ·ҪըѣҪѹ塣
ȻУû֣屻˺ѣֻҪС
𣡡ַŭһХϣ·оͷħӰַ̧֣߲ǿ̤ȥ
𡢺𡢺𣡡籩֮۵ľͷڰ˲֮أħ۳ɾħһѹַ·Ҫ
ַ̣쳤ХأҪħûҪеħ̵
𣡡ַŲǿֻ̧Ҫ飬ѪҺֹ
¡ַͻأʧ˵ǰʮĿһ̤ȥˣǴӱѩ˷̤ȥˣȻʹ㿼飬˵лᣬǣҪԼ̫ݣʧܣΪħ֮־ݣħ֮֮ⲻ͡
ղ֮ˣ嶼Ѿ˺ˣѪ·ҪѵǣûƬ̵ĳɣ̤ȥ
䣡ַ̤ħڰ˲ɲǣ޾ħ壬ħǿʢ֮ȫָղһűһ̣·ֳ֮У޷ⲻ̤֮ħ壬ħأΪ̤۷壡
ħƶΪУħ֮


1367 Ĵħ
ħڰ˲㣡ַĿⶸȻ÷ڰ˲֮⣬ղ˶ڣȴϥλʯڣϺƵħⷭݣǳǿʢ
ǡַͶħڰ˲ʯڣʯڣľ貶Ŀħ֮ͼħ֮ͼУйħ֮ͼڸţ·ҪͼԾ
ľ飡΢΢һַǽϵͼľ飬ϸԷ֣ÿһҳͼ·ճһħӰӳ
ħַ뵽ǰǸͼУϸͼйճħӰģȻˣȴɸһ翵ĸо·޷׽סħӰ
ڰ˲ħȻҪȵ߲ħǿʢģܿħۼģħڵʮһɳֲħȱķͼܾܿǹĴħ
ַвԽǸεĽӴԽоĶǣʮʲôĿֲ
ϥַһڳ֣ʱ굱Уַϥһҳħ֮ϣʱӱڣһͼеĻ棬·ͨ͸ڣݵħеַԺС
͡һѪȻַ³ֻؿ΢΢ͷϵڵͫ׵кƶ˽ȥһĨ֮ɫ·Ҫħ
ÿֲַоܹͫ״͸ıֱбʣղţħ֮УģҰʱһλӲĿħħ壬ϴ޾ķ˸ߴףһܹ̤أĽ£޾ʬǶѻƱĲ
ַ㿴ɲǣоǿħ·һų̤Ҳ˳ǹ⾳Уֱĸоͺڸղŵһ˲ıԵڹŹһ⡣
ħͷħһܹ֮߻һ嫵ĳǳأһαŭַܻоǸղĸо̫ˣңȻ͸գһǳأ嫻ֺĳǳأȴ̤ΪһƬƬ棬·Ļ֮ս㡣
ʥ𣡡ַ૵ףƺֱӱʣ޷ܵס߲ʮħܹе𺳣ˣھŲľ飬Ļɱ
һǿħʲôַĿתǽ֮ϵ飬ͬħ죬ǿʢڣַĿ·Ҫ͸ľ飬ھӰɺ͸ղŵĸоһģûôУ޷ֱ͸ʡ
ȿһʲôħھһħɣַ˲˾ľħҲ֪Լܹ˶٣ӹɵǣԼҪģԣҪħ֮ͼ̺ʲôħ
ַ뵽ȥĿڵڶħͼ֮ϣ굱Уħɲǣ¡һ촫һݺݵײ˶һǽ֮ϣѪӿɫ԰ס
һۣնأַͷ𺳣ղħɲǣԷ·Ҳһ嫵ĳǳصУ·侳ΪеһԱǺǿħӰԷֻһۣնѣ˶նϣ·ҲҪնǿдϵŴǹɿµ⾳˳
Ǿħ֮£ʿ¶Ҫ˲䱻ɱǿľ
һɺַϣַײʯ֮ϣʯڵħ޸ˣԷڱַ㣬ӿֲֿħ
֮٣ַ֣ŶԷ΢΢ͷǸϾ˱ˣ˴һᶯŭ
ڵַͣƬ̣ħ֮ͼûպַƽϡ
ַصм֮أĿ⿴ײͼͨ꣬͸֮ʱһޱǿʢħѣ˶նϵ۵һ³һѪ·ָо̫ʵˡ
һѣħۼĿֲڣַоĴħǿħۣһǿʢֵزʶ¾һնʣһŭХɱʣ˻ľʲô㡣
ַϹħǿʢݣôһģȻѡħҪΪħħ
ȻҲ£츳ȫ޽ý죬ħħ̤ء
еķħ֮ͼַĿ⿴һǽڣ굱УһΣħվ֮ϣŭأеһлһ쫷磬ɵ
ķħ֮ͼһַĿķͼת漴˾˵һȥ̽ǸͼϣģӰƺһԾصħߴף޾Ŀħ֮һż̤ȥħƳ׵Ŀһս
뵽ַϥ£Уͼһħ֮ͼֻһ
嫵ħ֮ͼԶ޾ֺͷģֺħӰϵַԺԾַһȷһħһħΨ޾Ŀħ֮
ʱţַħҲӿǿʢĿħ֮ħƷݣϿգ۳ڵħӰħӰħ̺֮ͫĿħ֮·Ҫ񻯣˫¶֮⣬΢΢ϵǿʢҪ¾ء
ַĲħ֮ͼ̺⾳ûз֣һħӰȻӣ·𽥽ԽԽһĿħң壬ڲϵı
ַ˷ӦϣҲ˸ԲͬķӦħ󣬳һħӰɲ̫ԵЩģ
һնصħħ֮ͼˣкһħޱǿӱüȵķ
ħħ֮ͼˣδħӰΧħڷԽԽ죬Ŀ¡


1368 ̤
ħħ֮ͼȻܹеĽħٻҴ˿ľ飬ܹÿħʵǿ󡣡ַԼϷһȻ֪ģ𺳣ľҲǲеô򵥡
ַҲ۾УħǿʢԼʵģﾭҲƵľ飬ħߵ·ȫͬȫžˣ̥̥̥ɳɾ㲻Ҳ⻯
⣬ħַۣңžеĲһ沽ӵãַߣԺ󻹻ǿ
˿ħ֮ͼַ·һž飬ǴĹž
Щ⣬ڱѩʱַҲõһžһʾáˮڡ
ҪһЩžǵ۾
ַ㵱ȻԼĹž̫࣬Ժ϶Ҫͨ⻯ģ⻯ɻ̥̥ɣԲ˵ͨ⻯ܹģ⻯һˡ
ñר޽⻯ħҲ˵ƺȱһǿʢĽ֮žѵõ˺嫵ʥݣһеģǽǰټ֮أܺͰ˻ľһ
ħ֮У˶߾ȫǽϵħ֮ͼַһʼģȴ˿ǿʢĿħӰѾߴʮף΢΢壬һ˫ľ޴ħͫ·产ˣ·Ҫ̤Ƭذ㡣
һַܺȼɵħޣ˿ħӰʵĿ£·ҪûƬء
ңַǰħ֮ͼҲԽԽ貶Ŀ·ҪƮ𣬴ħ֮ǽ˳ħ֮ͼ̺ľ޴ħӰ·𽥽Щ
𣡡һħ֮ХصŰħУֻħħ֮ͼһâֱӡ뵽ħǿߵϣʱħ֮ӰХһƬմħ֮ϢĳħӰжȥҪɵ
֮ħ޵建תˣУһĨ⣬мַ֮
建̤ĽŲַ̤ħ֮Ӱǣ
֮еַīü΢΢£漴Ϲħӵķ촫ǽϵħ֮ͼڶҡ
𣡡ħһʱħӰַɶȥ·Ҫ̵ַ
𡢺𡭡ַĿħأŭתߴʮ׵ħӰŲ̤ҪԷ̤ھ޽֮¡
̣ħһħ֮ͼѾ˱壬ַĻһħһܹħӰ
ʱַŭһʱǽϵǷħ֮ͼҲһħ⣬ֱû뵽ַ嵱Уһ̣ӵĿ񱩣ħŲҪħ̤ڽ¡
¡Ŀֲħ֮ħͿħλַȻתڶħꡣ
û뵽ٶô죡ħַһЦ·ʲô鶼δ㣬漴ĽŲ̤ħֱⷭվĶųӰ
Ǻ⣡һ˵ħͷţԼħͼ񣬾Ҫ֡
ûʲôֻħ֮ͼȻħУܹȻҲԡ˵Ц£漴ϥĿǽϵһħ֮ͼϡ
ߣһߣ漴Ҳ£ǲԷһ򣬱ϾѾ˻ŲҪٹãܹħ֮ͼʹħ֮ͼ嵱С
һҲ£·ʲô鶼ûз㣬ȴһƾ֮⡣
ַ㿴˹Ķǵһۣ˼ȴħ֮ͼϣһΣʮһ𣬺ȫһУ֪Σڻ֮ԼƺѾҪˣȥˡ
ڣַĿ⳯ǽڵһȥƺһħš
ȥˣַħеҲûʲôǣңξʮ֮У٣ؿ뵽۷֮⣬ְЩټڱѩħеõĺôʵһԾΪ⡣
֪ˣַаѩʹ˵չˣǲ̫ģУڵֱ߲衢ʰѩڤ˾ǧ㣬жȻҲõ˲Сĺôɡ
һʾǣʮЩǿߣǾӢǿߣ̤߲ϵģǾӢе˰˻ľ⣬ˣ
ЩʱҪˣ
һַ̤ħŵУ֮䣬Լһطų֣ÿһ֮϶ּ
ħǡڤħ֮ħ۹ַĿɨһħϵּЩһֻ˵һħ۹ʮ֮һħ֮ȡ
ÿһ֮󣬶һطʮħ۹ֻ֮һ
ַûȥ̫࣬˸̤ħ۹ħŵУձãƬ֮һħ֮ڣ棬ħУǳڣַ֪ˣ˾ʮħ۹
ַ̤ħ֮Լվһħɽ֮ϣħ·ħɽ죬ħ棬вӰվǣַ̤ɲǣǵĿȫַϡ
ţַ㣬ħƣȻȴϵַ㣬ˣǴħ۹̤ħġ
ǺˣʱһħӰ˲Ϣַǰǿʢѹַ֮ϣͬһΡɽ㣬ˣӦǵ۹֮һλħʡ
ľ磬ħʹҽħһáַĿ̧𣬿ǰʣƽʣƺƽ࣬һǿţڲԶĽҲΪеһԱƽӶԷ
ַŵħ⣬ǿû˵ʲôַħħ֮⣬ǲ׶ģ̫ܣǳһִڣħҪһ̣ʡ
ǰһҪͨ˻ľͨһãַٶȿڡ
ǰ˻֮ˣ˶ַһΪɻûмַ㣬˵ַ㲢δǴ̤ģôַӦطˣΪ֪˻ġ
԰˻ģӱѩ̤룬ħתħŽһáַƽ˵
˵ʲôѩħˣǿĿһĻ䣬㿴ħһӰ̤˳ʮһˣ߲˲Ż֪
ַĿת˵֮ˣ˾Ȼħ߲ʮһеһλʱŸոճ


1369 ع˻
ʮȻˣ۹ħǿ૵Ϊľңֻ̤˵߲˲֪
ɨַһۣ꾹ȻǴӱѩ̤룬ȻתħУó
֪֮УƺûľˣҲδ˵ѩ۹˿Ȼӵ꣬ڰ˻ģʣô˻ľ̤֮ǿ߿˵һַΪɻ
ǰҵȷ԰˻ģѩ֮ŮŮѣһ̤ѩַҪͨ˻ĵսͨ˵ʵʵ˵
ԭˣһǰȥɣҲҪǰ˻ľġħָվַħ˵
Ҳȥ˻ģַ΢һ˻ڻ֮ԼʮҲе۹Լ˾ʱҪ˻ľ
ħһɣħַһЦ˵ַһͣħ
صħǿߣѪħǰ˻ľ֮һһֱΪ͵أһ԰˻ģħš
̫С˻ˣַе˻ĺ;ʮǧ˿Ƶϵ԰˻ħȴħ˾ǧ㣬ǶУ⻹ģ߲µˣδҲͬϤˣȻ˾ǧ㵽ˣ˵˾ռҺҵˣܹ̤ģֻûе߲ѡ
ãлˣַ΢΢ͷȻܰͨȻġ
ǿ΢΢ĵͷ漴˸뿪ַҲȥ
ľħ֮ǿʢΪǰδ֪λǿߺ᣿˸֮ʱַЦʵһڵﾹȻĬĬ֪һλʿᡣ
һֱɽҰ֮пޣ֮ˣǰ˻ģַƽ˵ЦЦַ֪㲻Ը˵Ȼȥʡ
ľֵħڰ˲㣬ǷĻ֪ܹһĺġħ߲㣬ַΨһһ籩У̤ϵڰ˲Ҳַֻ֪ڰ˲ʲôĺ棬Ȼġ
ûʲôģ͵߲Ϊƣ߲ʮħ֮ħڣԵõôڰ˲㣬ķħ֮ͼÿһͼ·һħ֮Ӱ֮ͼ壡ַӦ˵
ħͼһâЦľǷõķͼ֮һ
ţõһͼʱ֪ʲôá
ľֵ磡Цһ˿һħ֮УȻҲǿȴ˵̤ţȻʶģ̤С
ħߵУַ㿴һͨ޿ռڣ̤Уͱѩ۹һһͨζɿ죬ɹһЩʱ̣ǲŵʮ·ڻ֮ء
Զûϴʱַ࣡ɨһеսԵΪϡ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ⣬ڰ˻ڻ֮ԼԼ۹Լ֮ʱ˶ȥˣμڻ֮ԼԼ۹Լ
ڻ֮Լжãַһ
ձڻ֮ԼַһЦ˼⣬ľҲҪμڻ֮Լ
صģַʡ
⻰Ŀַһַۣ㣬Ȼڻ֮ԼĵصĶ֪ѵ˵Ÿոѣ
һֵģΪڻ֮ԼϾУųһʢˣЦŻӦ
ġңַڵĵһħ֮ϢȻΪ⵹ɡ
ٶȿЩɣַ㿪˵磬ң
ţַ뿪漴Ŀ⿴һ۵µĽӡһĨʣǽӡΪ·һ·㡣
ңȤһĨɫľ磬ȻңŵңԽԽˡ
˸׷ַĽŲսкХ˿սԵøӵɪţûжˡ
˾ǧ㡢Ҳڣڴʱַ㿴ԶһӰʮˣһΪ֮ǿ֮ǿߣҺ˾ռˣҲӾʮذ˻ġ
Һ˾ռҽܣ֪ǺԵʡ˻ľľƣԽԽԿ͸ˣȻҲΪЩʼ˽Ĳࡣ
Һ˾ռȺҲַˣ˾Ŀ۾ֱַϣЦ£ּˣ
ַڣһħĿⶢ˾˾ΪأʸǿʢЩ̤ĵ߲㣬ӦҲõ˲ٺô
Ϊһһʮ֮һṳ߲̂㣬ÿһǵʵܹ϶ˣҿǵ츳־Եһֵİ˻֮һΪսҲӦõ֮Ŷԣǣȴṳ߲̂㣬ص˾صǧȴ̤ȥˡ
ǧʵӦúܿ£ʵ̤˵߲㣬һ֪Ƿ˵ڰ˲㣬ս϶ǳֲġ
֣λֵħͽ𣿡˾ַûлشֶʵħǿϴξͻַǷħǿߡ
ҺľҲʶãôľҲʶĮʵ
ϴѩսһΣʱλľֵΪأҳ˴˾Ц
ľΪڻ֮Լɣ䣬˵һַһȥ
ľ磡˾һַ㱳ӰЦһַ㣬ֳ˸ľôһİ˻ľģȻһʢű
ַ㻹ľ磬֮Һ˾ռΪ֮ˣɣǧӺƴ͸գַȥıӰ˵
Ȼ˾ӷһʱɻڼ壬ʼң
һʱַ֮˳֮أ;ʮһֲڣұȾʮҪ࣬ÿһڣӦôһ
·ǷֱͨԼ칬ģֻдȥܸϵڻ֮Լֲָָ·ڣַ˵˻ľ̫嫣ǰѪĵħ϶޷ʱϵڻ֮Լ
ֻܴҺͲ칬ȥ
ǵģѡһ·ľ磬·
߲칬ַӦһĿ˸漴Ȱַ㣬칬ϻӴ칬ڲǳ̫ƽণЩ
ˣҾ߲칬ַҡͷ˵ң̫ΣˣȻαװǳʼַ㱾ˣһԷһ˿ߣͱɣַ㲻ȥðգ
ǺãǷͷߣЦ漴Ų̤ҵַ߲ͨ칬ͨ


1370 칬Īϧ
칬ڲɽ֮ϣΡ嫣·һɹ񷣬ǰ˻ľϵ֮һҡʼҡ˾ռҼ֮⣬±Ҫ칬Ϊˡ
һΪһλʵĵ𣬾̨ͬ㣬ʯʺʶڰ˻ģǣҲʵȥߴ޶û䣬ûʵ̫̰
񣬲칬ҲˣŲ칬Ϲ޽٣Ϲȴ·ƫƫһһղҲû˻ᶯ칬ںʱ䣬һϻ޽٣ǶԲ칬ԣͲ֪ǸǻˣˣϻԾĪϧǿǰģ㾡УҪþĪϧ̵ʱ𣬳ɻʣϧһдۣܱס칬
칬۵һԺ䵱УһɽڵĹŶ˿̣Ŷ֮УһӰȻ̤˳δ˵ע⣬ɼĲ칬жôţȻΪͨսĹŶڲ칬ڲˣҲҪ̫ǿػֻǷһ͵뼴ɡ
ʱӰ˸˲ϢڹŶ֮ǰĿⶢǴӹŶ߳ӰһϮۣڣ˫ͫףڰ䣬ֻΪȴһɲ֮
ʲôˣȻҲ칬ڳһ˶ַһһǿʢ֮Ϣַϣ·ʱ׼֡
Ϊڻ֮Լѽ費칬ͨһã£ַдһǸ⣬ƽڡ
ߣ˵𣡡һ͸һĨ⣬һѹַ֮ϣͨսͨÿһУ˵ͨһƺͲء
ҺٹĪϧ죬ػҽãַٶȿڡ
ţüͷһ壬˺;Īϧ죿
໥һۣ˵о㶼һĨɱ⣬漴תַô칬ɱ⣡
䣡£ɱַ㣬˵ͬʱַץȥ޴Ľɫƺܹʯѵ
ַȻһڰ֮ħϢͷţһ̤ز𣬴һĪϧ
˷·Ҫ޾Ĳ칬
ˡˡŵĲ칬ͻȻһӰڿն𣬳ַ̤նĿ⻷Ӳ칬һ𴫱鲻칬ĪϧСӦûһڰɡ
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ǽɨַһۣ³֣칬ߣɱ
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ס֣һ֮֮쳹գԶһ̤ɫƮһϮ׿ȺȻǾĪϧ
ĪϧĿ⻷Ⱥַϣк£
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Īϧ㶣漴򿪣һϤ֮ϢƮУо΢Ϥĸо
ۣĪϧƺգ漴ƺ飬еҾƴ䣬ϹĪϧУϣġ
þƣ𣡡Īϧ¶ЦݣĿ⿴ַ㣬͸ŷâ
УɽƼңַܶ࣡һЦʱٶƳžĪϧȥ
þҪʵʱȣЩƣţĪϧַĻü¶һĨЦ⣬˵ԣ᲻֪վŵ˭ɽɽ۹Ƽңļ壡
˻ľΨַ֪ɽ۹Ƽ֮ơ
ҪңΪβֱͨӸɱĪϧһɨַˣӱ̹ǣһ߷緶ڤ壬칬Ϲ㾡ΪѾأϢϢǿʢ
ϹҪڴ޵֮ʱΪһʣǲˣϹܼʮ꣬ãһʵĵ̫ˡ
ĪϧΪزҪ֤Ϊ¾粻ȣϹ»˲Сۡ
ĪϧĺʱһóҲ칬Եִɱ֮
˵ûô칬ʱڣˣ̤벻칬벽ǽ³국Į˵һƽ
û㣡Īϧɨǽ꣬Ŀ΢·һƾâת
Īϧ۱֣СδҲһ常ôԳ˵𣡡
ڣ˿̣ǲ칬ٹע˵Īϧʲá
ԣڿʼ죡Īϧ˵ýɫ絶棬ĪϧȻû⣬Ҫɱַǿǰ
²ͨΪҲǲⲻ칬ٹУǲϻУĪϧ³һ֮£屩ˣȻͬʱƶס˰㣬һڤ֮⽵٣漴ֺ֮Դϣ·ڤ֣֮ն
һɫ԰ףζȻ˸ҪӶ뿪ȴĪϧƮŲԽͬʱڤֳ֮ǰʱᣬڤ֮Էֱӿס⣬촫ֱըѣǿĨɱ
ַа˵Ϊأһǲ칬ǿߣھĪϧǰûҪֿɼ֪Īϧʵ֮µģϹޣӦ֪칬ᶯȻҪþĪϧʱܹǿʵˡ
ϹأһЩĻϲ֮Ǳ֪ɱ⣡Īϧ˵漴Ųһַ̤˵ͷ
ַ̤ĪϧȥɫѿĽ꣬ĪϧԽԽˣڤ壬Ȼ£ǲʹ˰ݣһĪϧƣСһƲ칬Ȩϼһһûǵķˡ
Īϧַһ·ɽ⣬漴Īϧתַ㣬ַҲͬžĪϧһЦͬʱŶԷݺݵһȭ¡ı촫˶ǷЦԣĪϧһϮ·ǺȻӰַǰƣڡ
ұ֪ҪûôףĪϧˬЦһ𣡡
УߣƺôãַӦЦ
Ӧòµõ칬ɲһУϵ֮ἤңϻһҪס칬λ˿ɲôģǵ뷨ʦ̵ĺôĪϧĿȻѲ⣬Ψġ
ַ˵ͷԳ˵칬̫ƽֻϣϹһʱˡ


1371 ɱˣ˼
壬죬룬壬嶥ƲУϿȥͬ졣
ǰɽʮÿһɽ嶼ƽͬһΣƳԲΣһޱ߾޴ϿȰУ׳ۣվ¸Ǹпʮ棬ƲȻΪɡ
ʱǰʮɽԼǾ޴Ͽȣ·ʢ°㣬Ϊ֣ȫӰмʮ֮ڣ̫ˣʮļǺܴģмϿֱݺأεȺ嫣ȴɷ·ÿһ䶼ͷܶ
ˣ˿˷֮أɲӰԶڵƬ
ʱڶһӰУһɫۣĿڣǴӲ칬뿪ַ㡣
ڻ֮ԼѾ˻붯˰ɣַĿɨһһ޼ʵĺӰ̫ˣƻڵ˷
ַ֣ԣһӰдһĨ˷֮⣬һϢȣʵǿһ֮ˡ
ȻѾʼսˣڻ֮ԼδʼأʱָʮһսֲѪѾھս
Ǻǣ˻ڶѾˮݣҡ˾ռҶʼңĴʵΧˣ⣬̨񱤺ҵĶԹⶼսΪһЩս˭ǿֱĨɱаͿֻϵﻹЩĻһҪԱ˻Ӧ˵һɼ˻ս֮ҡ
޾ڻ֮Լаʱ䣬սƺѾڿʼȼաӣ涼Ѿս
ַɨǺ޾ȺƺҪҵһЩϤӰ̫ˣ֮صˣ۾Խ֮۵ףվ֮ϳ¿ոܹҰ
һӰʱһַ֮̾Ŀ⳯ͶȥֻһаӰƮƮɣÿһ˶˻ζ¶ļѩף·޹ǣҪӵסǵ϶ɴǸһʵС
ɹӣߣȥܲӴ֮˼伫֡˵Ц˵ɹ˵ܶ칦ҲиԵعҸŮӣ˭ѡ
֪ûϣģֻܽĿϣ֪˭϶䣬ܳΪˣǽ붼ȻĶϧֻһ˼伫ˣѡˣҲʮɡ
ɹӽʮ֮һһɽ֮ϣʱв˸ȥҪհһӽݡ
ַҲɹ֮ڵɽϣĿɨţƺҪҵӰ
ڣѵ˻ûдʲô˰ɣַаַ㲻İΣ̤˱ѩʺѩ֪ǷΪᡣ
Ȼ˸ҽȥȫ֮ߵģַ±ûзϣǴŮˣԼʲô
λӰãʱһӰƮȻɹŮǰӰвˣ½䣬аĿɹŮɨţΪ
֮ˣɹ֮ŮΪ١
ַ¶һɫȻǼһ˵ʵҲǳأ֮ǽ֮һ֮˶û˷ʱ䣬֪ڻ֮Լ٣ض˷ɡ
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Ĳӣĳĺܣ֪Ƿҵ˰£죬ŮЦ
ʦöûʲôȤһŮӵЦ˵
ǿɲáаЦ˵Ȼλ˶ĳ⣬ĳҲԸġ
ŮɫȻһ˵
λʦֵܣôڴˣܲ²ģҪǵˡ漴һ˷Ц
һȺʱһĮʱõȺĿ΢ͣĿתվɽԵ֮سƮַ㣬ʱַĿעǰδһۡ
˵˭䵭˵һ
ַĿ⻺תϣ˵㣬𣡡
¶һĨаЦаŲַ̤ȥ
ľĺ˹ڣʱ֮һ漴ֻ̤£ľǰ
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Ҳ£ɱˣôĿ
õˣ츳ɱǻЩ鷳ַ㴫˵ַĽŲѾ̤˳һĨɫǿħޡ
۾͸һĨаЦĿ죬ַ΢΢̧ͷĿӣŶ
ַЦȻҪ۾ȻҪôܾ
˫ͫഥɲǣ͸֮⣬Ȼַͫ׵У޾Ԩ
䣡ֲħ֮־ͫ׵У˲߽⣬Ҫѳ
ɱһħַ³·޷԰Σһ֮Ϯ壬ߣһ³
ãһĻ󾪣ħ޺ÿֲ·ٽȥˡ
Ѿˣַٶ³ͬһħ㣬о֮ϰᣬ塢꣬Ҫˣ
һŭȺԺУǿ߳ȥ
ŭһ亹Ȼһɲǣһ˫ڵħƽĲӿסʱ˵ĿͽŲӲԭأ·ʱ䶼ֹҲ֮ˣڶԷǰȻ˵ĲһδҲ̫ˡ
£ԩ޳𣡡оôͻȻðһôֲħޣд˿̷ˣ־ӡ
£˼õҲǺġ
ɹŮһصħޣ̫ǿˡ
Ҫɱˣֻһ˼˼ַĮ˵ħûԴħȼնҽг
ַ͵˦˳ȥ׷룬ʬȼŻ棡


1372 ɱ¾ħȭ
ħнʬǣõȺɫ˼£һصħޣǵ棬նõһλ꣬նɡûа档
ħȻħޣ֮ŭȴоħ£޼ɵΪΪڰ˻ľһҲһˣζ뵽Լ˵Ұɡ
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Ҫɱˣ˼ɹŮҲַ㣬ħ޵ʵ̫ˣףǶоʵеԩˡ
ַ㣬ޱ飬ڱ䣬ɱһѣƾ֮ǼζԼİ㣬͸ɱ
ħλãһλ֮аȻַ˵
ħûйϵҲκ֮ˣҪֱӶַ֣Į˵һõȺɫӲ
֮һɱӵܣɱ
ն
ɱһ֮˷аͬʱַͷŶȥѹַϡ
䣡ַŲһ̤عħ
ɱ˫ڵͫһɨȺһЩΪЩ֮˲о֮ʴ룬֮ߣ֮⣬嵱С
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Ҹܵɹһַ㣬ղУңδ֪䵱У̫ˣħޣ嶼ˡ
ͬսһͷ˻ľʱֳôһ
˭
Ҳַ㣬׷ʵԺη
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һ˵ʱҲǰѩ£ַ˾ս˿ϳһħ꾹Ȼߣû뵽ȻΪѾ۷壬ħ죬˲֪٣˲նôҲõ֮һ
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͹ɣҪң⣬ɹһʥɣЩܹ۵ģĪٿһɱһַͫĮ˵ʱЩõ˳뿪˼ûˣҪɱַ㣬ЦղƬ֮ħ죬һȭһɱ˿ɵַһȭĿһҪˣһֱֻֻо˷ֱۣȫ
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أַĿҲɹŮһ
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֪ʦʶ𣡡Ůһ˫˵ˮ㡣
ľ磬ˣȻϵãַĿƽΪŮڨ¶һĨ׽֮⣬ǿóģַ࣬Ϊ֮
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ľ֣ѹ̤ϵڰ˲㣬ݣ˵ʵСֵһᣬϾõˣ㾹˵ֱնˣǰЦ˵ֳַսȻûʧǿѹǿ̤ħĵڰ˲㣬һɱͨӦûκġ
ȺĻһԣȻ˵ʵСֵһᣬ˴εڻ֮Լ֪Ҫӿֶһǳˡ
ɱ˶ѣҲǸһ·𣡡ַ㵭Į˵֮⣬ûʲôԹǹԺɧǣҲնɱ
˵գַϥڻ֮ԼʣʱˣŸ½ģɹãⲻС˶ѣźдǿ߽ٵģ̨֮ˣ֪ʱᵽ
¡¡Զ֮ڲݣʱ˵Ŀ⣬ǱߣֻһȺӰսӵѪΰϷǷ
񱤵ˣĿ΢ԶĹʮ֮һһǿߡ
ǱߣŨڵǿߵˣȺĿ⳯ź󷽿ȥһӰɫ޶ɫһ࣬ǳſͬ㡣
ڵ񣡡
ȺˣŮעϲ֮ˣеŮҲǷǳ֮࣬ɹˡ
ʥŮѩΪأӦø˰ɣȺӰʥŮӰ˻ľĴŮλλһ۸ˣ


1373 
ַͷԶһۣѩҲһɴ֮ϵȷ߼ˣϾҲ֮֮彥ֳ֮ǿʢмζ
񷹬ڵȺԼɹһֻǲˣѾƺƵһλӡ
ѩѾϰµĿ⣬ĿбӣֻǵĿǰȹƮ裬˽ַ֮ڵɽ֮ϣߵɽǰΣĿ⳯ʮмϿȥһ޼ȫӰ˻ʢ
ϳħأȻһʱǰħĵӿʼ߶֮һһǳħ꣬ս£ħ츳ǿ
ɹӸյû뵽ֿѩӣĳƺĿֱѩϣЦӢ۽԰ˣѩΪ˻ĴŮ֮һ֮壬ſϲʵ
ѩòӣȴֻȴδһ֪ĳǷлһݣ
˵Цˣѩ䵭ĻӦһûκνɴ˼
ĳӲЦνħʵۣϲӣնҪĴյжʮ㣬Ųǰ̤ѩ֮ĿⶸȻһͣЩڵӣǶŭĿӣѩǰϢĮ÷ļһ
Щħ޻޼ɵոľɱ֮ˣҪǿнҿѩӵɴΪЩħ޵иûеԣΨȭͷ˿ǿưԾһҲ˼ڵǿߡ
Ųǰ̤ħŶʱһϢħ֮ѹ٣ЩڵɫɷףѿǿʢµħѹԵޱȣҪǶѹ
ңһŭ֮жȻһ
Сǿ̤һ¡ľµɽʯѵͬʱ˫ȭͬʱɱʱһһҺǿ󻤷ħ𣬷ħХ֮ڵ경ˣת֮佫ѩ¶ǰһ
ַعͷȥ̤ħ߲ڵ߲Ҳ򣬾ʮһˣ˾൱ѩ磬Ǽڵֵܹסġ
֣ˣʱһֱĬַ㷢һĮϺ嫵ħ֮Ȼ·ͣĿ⿴ǰѩЦȻľֿ˱ˣϧ޷һѩӾա
ڸղһ̣ѩо˿ֲѹЩ裬û뵽ǵһ仰־棬ĿⲻɵóַͶȥǲƾм죬޷ʶһλħޣֻ񣬷·еϤ
ΧסҲ΢΢Ϣɫѿû뵽ȻԵǿƣ̫ˣۿڻ֮ԼҲ콵٣ҲԸִ󣬱ˣȻԭǸоǿ
ľѵ뿴Ӿգ˵ľѾĿùߵַЦ˵
ֿһûϧ֮ģַ㵭Įҡͷ˵漴ǣĪ֮С
ַһۣɸо͸ǰ꣬ʾ֭벻˭һλҪħޣңһƺĸŮڲͬɹˣʶڵѩˡ
ûȥ룬ϥַԣʱţģԽԽˣɽ¡ܷɽ壬ʮɽһֻ߼ͬʱһɽ֮ϣԵøַʢ
ʱԶйӰ٣նһȺԵñҪһЩȺУӰۣΪ˶ǾɫˣǴӪпϺĮޱߣֱӳڵɽȥ
һ貵¹նһӰϣ̼䣬һ񱤵ǿֱս˻
䣡񱤵ǿͷųݣλŮɱȥ
ڣع˼ɫץȥ񱤺úọַ̃Ǽһûܣ񱤵Ӻúһһ֮ʱȺЦĿ̰Ķ̫ˣһӣǱ˰˻ĴŮ֮Уȡ뽿λá
һֱϥַȻâ¶ħ޿ɶƵͷţϿħƳ֡
顢ģַ㿴λɫˣģǸ̤˵һԲֱӶ񱤵Ⱥɱ֣·в֮ޡ
ļȻԼ̨ʦһ飬Ӧ֪ûϢɱ񱤵ˣɼǶŲ񱤶飬Ҫұ𣡡ַи̾ԵһȻôճλŮһвһķӦЩľǷǺɫħԡ
ľ磬㲻ֿλ˰ɣЦ˵
˵ǣ𣡡ַͫڣعͷ
£漴ַЦ˵ɣô
Ȼɱˣַվһ㶣漴ЦһҪ񣬸ոɱõѵҪȥΪŮɱ񱤵ˣȻħޣΣħˣ޷죬ֻҪ͹ˣûʲôġ
Ӱ󲽿ɽϵȺĿһͣЦҡͷ÷һ
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𣡡ǿ߷ŭХ⻯ɰʱ죬ֱ۲ϳĿɱȥ
ˡӰǿ̤磬һǿȻһͣɨַ㣬ȵкιɣ
ɱˣַŲ̤ħ죬ͫ׶Ȼ죬ŭȵɱ
˿ַ˲ϢԴһ漴¡һ촫Դֱըѵ
䣡ҲֱӺɱһˣ漴ſЦľ磬Ǳȱ˭ɱ˶Σ˭ܸģ
䶨ˣַ¶֮ЦҪҪȣǣҪ˭ɱ˶࣬Ȼǲģ
һǿɱַ㣬⻯Ϊֱۿֲޱȣַɱȥƽף͸һС
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1374 ս
˭̨˻δ֣δ뵽ħ޿ʼɱ¾⵹Ƿǳ⡣
֮ȼգ¶أնֻأؼ·Ψ⡣
Ȼ鿴ֵַɲǣͬӰ˲ַϣӼһƵˮ漴һЦɱ
ϳˣַɱ¾ͬʱһֱעĵİΣɫ΢ϳ
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Ƭʱ䣬ʮ˱¾նɱ񱤵ǿɫѿ˼£λͽɱ˵ңֱǳ衣
ǶˣһȥնһΪ׵ǿ߷Ը
ǣ˵ͷһ˳ȥһ˽Ųֱַ̤
ɱַ̤֮ʱЯһ磬ϸſֲףһȭɱ·һƬسַѹȶȥ
ֱַ̧һȭʱƬرѣ֮ķѣϵı
ݣŭһһȭȭɱ죬ֻ֮䣬ַ·𱻻ΧһرݣҪַᡣ
ߣַһⱨħȭݿ࣬¡¡ըѣֱַǿߡ
𣡡ŭХ죬һһͷͷӰɱַ㣬ء
ַһ֮š
ֲۡۡۡӰһͷͷըѵȫ֮һǿɫѿǿԹǿʢƣĹֶξ㶼Ƿǳǿģɱһص˶ǵָ֮׾֮£ַǿ󹥻
ʱַһԽʮף˲ϢٵǰĿַ̧ͫףһɲǣ˫ͫ׶Ȼúڰޱߣ·һħ֮Уħ־Ŷ֮־Ǻݺݵһ

֮併ϣӣᣬֻоһ֮ȫ·궼Ҫɢ
䣬ַԷ굱УҪ꣬ݵ棬޷԰Ρ
𣡡жȻһĹâǿŭǿߣȻһ֮ŰŰɱһַĹо֮⡣
㻹ܲ𣡡ĿѵɲǣһԺУħ֮ջȼҪ
Ҳģ˿죬Ȼȴַһ̤ħ֮־ͫ׵ͬʱɱ¾ħȭŶԷԴɱȥ
𣡡ֱַ̧ۣɱȥǿ
𣡡ַ͸ǿޱȵ֮ҡԷ񣬹ᴩصɱ¾ħȭޱȵ֮ȭײ׵ȭͷʴʴϣ漴¡һ죬ֱ۶ըѵ
˿ɱ¾֮ȭ٣˻һû⣬ɱ¾ħȭԴϣ
¡¡һĨɱַɱǿ߳ˣһȭͬ㣬һͷᴩأɱַ㣬޴ӣ־ȻϧһصǿߣȡַһɱĻᣬ˵սóַսĿ£һص˸Ƕ֡
𡢺𡢺𡭡ŭХַͷƤ飬սνأսսľ绹ƫ̫ͣҲױԷˣǿһǿһ𣬱оѪ񱤵ͱͨҪǿʢ
𣡡һħᴩأַ֣ħӰ۳һֲħʹַϸħ嫣ֲ˼£·һħһ
ǣַ̧ȭͷǹᴩصȭѪ·ֱ۵ĽǶѵˣǿʢ֮Ѫݣ첻ϣͬڣ裬ֱ˲Ϣָ糣
ֱַһ˦һ͵Ϯֱħȭ֮ըѣͬʱŲǰħŭХַ˵ƶߴ࣬Զ֮һħޣδҲ̫ЩϾˣʮܺҲֻȼλɡ
صǰ͸һһȭ˦ȥڻ֮Լӿּ˸оܴղһصҪ͵Ϯַ㣬ȴֻħȭһ˦ԷķѣΪˣǲһִ񱤵нߣʲôʱôˣ
ַ㣬Ψһַսݿ࣬ɱ񱤵˺޻֮λ˻ӣֻҪַܹսʤ񱤵񱤵ǲӾȻҪ˸ĸͽ֮ж˰
뵽ĸͽս˾͸оһ̬
񱤺ʱħˣﶢַ㣬ɫĮħħǳأħҲϣϾ̨Ѿǲݵľˡ
ַһŲ̤¡֮ħûƬգһնħӰַ֮ϵħ֮ǿʢһȥħ֮־͸Է
䣡ַһ³̼һʴԷ壬ĿⶸȻһ漴Ѫڣֹʴ
Ҫҳȫ㣡˿һ֮ףű֮С
ɱ޴צַɱȥֱַɱ¾ħȭ֮צ˲ϢȻԷҲڴ˿̵ǰ˫ץ֮ǿͬʱХһַħӰڲ
˵սѹͬնǾġ
ַڣޱǿʢħ־ԷУᴩԷ塣
ɱ¾ħȭַ˫ȭ䶯ħӰŭХħûأ¡ĿֲݻһеӶԷֱ֮йᴩ룬ͬʱַԼֱҲоǳʹ࣬·Ҫըѡ
࣡ɫ԰ףֻоһɻͣ˫֮Уֱ۲ϵ֮ͻӣǲɱ¾֮ͣ˫֮С
䣡ħַŲ˸˲Ϣ٣ŭХһֱ֮ȭᴩƬգٶȺԷ
ɱ𣡡һſ˫ӭַĹȫޱףȻûȥַĹԼ˫ַۣ㣬·ںַƴ


1375 ӵұ
ַ㿴ԷһеĹʱ΢漴Ŀһ֮ɫħħӰͲ
ɱŭХһħҡϣƿǧ֮أǣħӰ·ħ
䣡˫ۺַϣǷޱߵ״ַ壬ȫ·𶼴ħӰУħҲݣħӰŭըѵͬʱַ˫ȭҲɱ˶Էϡ
һַ֣屩ˣ˳ȥ۵һѪѪ죬ؿ֮ط·о޴ѪڣħӰѵˡ
ħȻǿʢޱȣվǰ𣡡ȺĿ񱤵ϣапַǿվǰˡ
ͻȻ䣬񱤵һ·޾Ĳ֮⣬£漴¡¡ľ֮ըѵһƬѪ꣬ʧյС
һĻȺոͷסĿǰһĻ漴ǵ˵
ˣ񱤵ˣصħնˣ
ǰһĻֱ߸˵˼ά񱤵أһַ㣬أ۷壬Ҳֻǵͽ䣬ʵ˼άǣһصˣһιɱصˣյĽַ֣ˣ񱤵
ڴʱԼλѾ񱤵ǿɨɱˣصʬֻоһĲȫˣ񱤣ıλͽȫǲӣһʣ
ٿַ㣬ɱħ޲δֳκε˷֮⣬ǿʼɨսƷ˴Щ񱤵ߣһղضȻǳḻɣ뵽ַʵǱֲ̫ͷħ˵ɱɱû񱤣·߾ͳնɱ޵ԣĸȥħӡ
ɱ˱Ƚ϶ЩˬʴЦַɱʱ䣬ն˲񱤵ǿߣĻ϶ɱ˶ġ
Σɻᴹңַڵ͸ŵЦ⣬Ų̤ȥüͷ΢壬֮ţĶַ㣺
Ƣܴ󣡡ַЦŲһֱ̤Ķȥ
£һ·һֺҪַ嶳
䣡ַǿƵȭͷɱ𣬽Ų̤ħƵ⡣
鿴ַĶдǳЦҲûǰȥַֹ㣬һԽԽˣȻڶġ
ɱԽԽǿʢһµַɱ̹ǡ
𣡡ַɱ¾ħȭһУûκ赲ȭͷ
ַԽԽɫ԰ףѿ
Ů֮ο飡ַˬʴЦһ̤ģһйѾӽĵߣſ˫ֱӳıȥ
ħޣȻɫѹֻɹôãʺᣬչѩ˿ַĶһʵǿţŮֱǰϷ
һȺɵַ㣬ƺַŮ˰ɣǼһûĻ֪սΣǷܹħ࿹⣬ˣǾɣ񱤺ҳλʣԼǿߣѪѻַķ
ϧַˣȻ۸Ůˡ
̨һͷź⣬ַɱȥĻҪֿȴַǰһ֣
ֻԴһ漴һ˫ֱӽסɫҰף֮졣
ɱ
Ѿͷ治ַ㴫˵ϵɱⶸȻһͣĿôϤôǡ
ַ㽫ԴĵϣԺͷˣһ飬
ַ㽫һöָĵϣ漴ˣЦ˷ҷ˻ζ
˵գַһЦηٵ˸뿪תۼʧߡ
ľˣЦһ漴ľȥ̨ɫĮĶȥӰǼһȻɱ񱤵ˣδ̫ˣǷŭȴ֪˿˵ţǼһ
߰ɣǰĵЦ
ĿϵЦݣ㣬֪Ǽһɣ
ţҵϢظһַ֪ƽǱҲˣңַ㾹Ȼ˵ǿˣն
ȥи̾ȥַǿϧ޸˶໥ַѵõĸַֻ֣ܹ
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ܷɽõˣ˻ľĴŮֻʣδˡȺһɽλ˽٣ȻǷͷˡ
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ڻ֮Լž޵ﱲͬŮƣڴ֮⡣
ľֶܹ٣߱ɱ̫ǿˡ

ҹĻ٣ڻ֮ԼֽһʮԶһСɽ֮ڣ̣˶۵ʮȥˣ߱Եðࡣ
һУַϥţʵһڣкܹ֮ܶأǰںϣĻڻ֮Լٵʱʹʵǿʢ֡
ɳɳĽŲַ֮Ȼ漴㿴ʥӰвɵ¶һĨЦݣһħʧӰ١Ȼ޴档
ӰȻġ
һĨַָòЦųλӰȥ漴ӵ뻳С
ĶпַļͷĽһַһЦ
һԽԽˣַַЦ
ڻܲһ׷󣡡ַԴתӵգ漴ʹǰȥ鷢ص죬쵰һռˡ
㣡ַЦ£΢졣
λҲ£ַֿЦĺ£ƳԴַȴǿץסԴݺݵȥֻоԴݺݵĲ˲Щ£ȴһĪҸ֮У鲻һɻûַŮ֮£⻹ܵĶˣֻо嶼
å£ַһۣ죬߷ζǵַЦò֮ԼƺɫЩӵұ֮оãиеů


1376 ڻ
飬ôϳģһҵַ㱧λˣůԴĶͷǳЦʵ
ڵʥˣ˸£΢΢ͷƺмӣʥַ֮ʱȻַģַԶ֮ʱȥܣܸоõģַ㻯ħɱȺ֮ʱоϤϢַ֪ˡ
ԭˣַû뵽ԭ򣬲ɵЦҪٶȵʥҡ
ַ֪ЦĻ̲סһ죬˿ձ˪ӣӡ
˵ʲô˾䣬ַһۣ漴ַЦԴţҲЦ⡣
˵ʲôʱһЩʥȵȥǾܹܵԷϢô䶼ܹϳˣַЦ˵
Ҫôȣ𣿡ַĻЩ⶯ܺһͲͰһַͷˡ
ڣַ㿴һɫɵգգۣƺô㰡
ģ˵ַһۣ漴ߵߣ͸ĶԵ˼˲ĵҲߺݺݵĵַһۣҶԣ
Ծԣַһᣬ뵱ĶֶţÿζܸģʱͬգѾͷȻҸԼˡ
뵽ַǿн屧סĻһ
⣡ַһֺȵ֮ţյľεƣľһĨĨůĻ䣬ܿͱַһİԵַֻݺݵץԴȻͶĺ촽֮ϣֻܷص죬޹ͣ˸š
ڣַ㽫ƿĲŵԺݺݵ˿Թˮ㶢ַ㣬ݺݵĶ˶ţַĽϣַ㷢˻˻죬Ůôݰ
ôãҪȻͽ͵ˡַ˫Ե޼ɵɨţĶҿ۾Ӳѡ
㣬ߣһˡ˵
º͵һЦַһǸ뿪ˣñ˷ᱩ¶ݣҺ񱤿ûô׷Ź㣬Сĵ㣡
ģҲСģҪһ˸أַЦ˵һλ޷һåˡ
˵ӰʧַЦɣůܰĸоҲֻа˺ܴԼˡ
һĨ˲Ϣ֮䣬ַֻħ޵ףЦڣ͸Ե֮ħ⣬ǳ䡢°һ޷֮ħľ磬ʺַȻͬ⣬޷ϳġ
ϥַħڶзڲݣƵַ뵽ħӰԼǿħУԼпħ֮ӰڶʱһԼʵ
£¶ָͬһӼ䣬һʱ䣬ڲ֪бȻţһ̣ǰʮƽ壬ĴӰԲϿȵУҲӵ֮Ⱥ
һĨ֮ʱ޾İռ䣬ȻԵøİͣ˶֪Ǳ꽫Ҫǰڼʱ֮ǽӭ˻ľһȵʢڻ֮Լһڻ֮Լʱδ
ʣҪ˰ɣȺаڻ֮ԼۣһΣǽһð˻ڻ֮ݣ߸ϵʣƽѵһսһã˻ľֻڻ֮Լ˺Ƶʢˡ
𡭡ʱԶһǿ޺֮漴һͷͷֲսϢ죬ƵݺἸ֮أеƲ㶼ޱȣݣȫǿµһɹɰԵ֮⡣
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˵֮ʱջӣȻȴδǲǿߵӰɵǿ
ǣ˺ѣս˻һԵ޾ӰյУѪɫ֮ףޱȡ
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𣡡ŭХһֱըѣѪ׷ɣʱľʻ쵰̫ԵˣĿһУɱ˾ɱʣȻ˲˭ҷƨ˵˾ʵȴ֮֡
ߣһ񱤵˱ɱˣΪҲȥСĻ涪ˣһɱһ˲һ΢С֮£ֵһᡣ
񱤵˽ʮеһϣʱȺ׷׶뿪ȻﱻռݣȻҪߡ
ڵ˵ˣȺԶңֻ֮ϣһ֮ϢԵøĿ顣
漴Ҳһ֮ϡ
ţ淽һ죬·Ҫնǻɽǿߵ׻ʼ١
ܷ֮ɽ򻨹ɽ׻ʵçţɽǶ
ѽһŭХ·Ҫ죬ɫĹ⻪ֱԶһ貣ͬʮףſﵽףգХ֮Ŀ£ʵʼ١
ţɻģɾ¡ɹ̤㣬ɾŮʣ߹ޱȣޣȴƫƫ£Ǿβ֮⣬ɹͬӵеߵ֮òΪɹ֮ǳЦ֮жĳ
µһӣ·Ƿһޱߣ񷣬õһаǿʢ
֮Ѫħ׷̤㣬֮ɱ֮ʣͬӰһòʵĸоħ֮ʣվǣͺһħͷһۣ˸оħҪᴩ塣
ţǱ̨ˣΨһ˽٣ʯһĪ⡣
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ʮÿһһλʣʮλͬʱ̤㣬ʱƬռžΨհЩ˻ĵڻʡ
ڻۣ˻ʢڻ֮Լ


1377 ڻ֮Լ
ʣʮλʣֻԼ칬ϻδˣȺ̧ͷһɽ֮ϵڻʣǣվڰ˻֮۵гһգǶȻҲҪվǣ
Ҵ˴ڻ֮Լվήٵģ칬ϻŴ޽֪ܲܵȺе˻ʢǲ칬ȱϯδЩϧˣŲ칬Ӧò
칬ڴʱԶһйӰ̤ն칬ڶ֮أﲻԶ˿̤Ӱ嫣Ϊ֮ˣȻһλ꣬ĿⶸȻһ
ϻûڤĪϧȡϻλã첻칬ǿ߹̤
ţԣڴʱɫһ漴ֻĪϧмӰգȻҲǲ칬ˣȴĪϧ˳ΪͬӪһȴɢһĻͷȻ칬ѾڲʼֻˣĪϧڻס칬һЩϼһ
ϾĪϧ̫ˣΪҲֻأٹʮ߰꣬ȵĪϧ̤֮Ҳܹס칬ˣϧϻŵȲôˡ
ڻһ칬Ҳһɽ֮ϣ񣬱ӵжʮһˡ
ˣڴ˿̣һޱȳ֮ͻأգȺĿⶸȻתԶȥ漴ֻնϼ֮к档
һ𺳵ĳ֮漴ǳ浱Уޱ߾޴ޣԡ̫ް㣬޴һ̫ս·մ̫߳Ŀޱȣġ
ǡȺͷ΢ڣ
ԣǲڣǳڣӵѪǽףǳǿһ࣡һЩʶ㲩֮п˵ڣͬڽһԱԴΣǽףͬѪ
̫սǣҵˣͷΪ˴εĶ𺳳Գ̫ս·Ӷ̫߳ԡ
ʼĴе𣡡Ⱥи̾ڰ˻ģʼԶԴȣǴʱҲãһһʵ֮伣ӹɣʽ֮ʱһʻǻŵģֻ֪ںδһֱû
̫սʮϣһָ֮ţӾһ̫ս߳һӰ漴̤˳֮ϣȻʡ
λֶˣ貽ɫƳۣݣ緢֮š
칬ϻûйĿ˲칬Ⱥڵɽ֮ϣʵ
Īϧ̧ͷʣƽʦ岻ʣδˣǰ֣
ϻҪ΢ЦŵͷͣĳԶԲ칬ϻĹػ
лʣĪϧ˵ϺЦȴ΢䣬칬ͬڶ֮أ˵˭Բ칬ġա󣬷Īˡ
Ŀ⻺תڻʣЦ֣һȣڻ֮ԼһΣΪ򣬸ζ
ȻΪ˴ڻ֮ԼôϹأԵʶ˾ʵЦ˵
ȻҪǹƽ֮ǰᣬҪͬǣʼ˵һ˾ʵ̬ȽȻͬʼһڣʱһɵѹ֮Ӷ˻˭֪˾ռֶԸʼңһ˫ɱʼʣѾͬˮ
ǵȻұ˵˵ҵĿֶͬ⣬ͨǲͬ⣬ٻ򣡡Цڻʶƽû˵ôڴˣڻ֮Լܴڲƽʣҡ
Ͽ֮Уս̨ʮʤߣһһ֣Σʿ˵
Σʵ
ҵ֮ӣһһս̨ƶʮսֻ̨Ϊʤһһܣ̭мʤ֮ˣӶʤѡΪսҲսӶᣬ⻹ʣս̨ߣΪȻרս̨֮ˣֻս̨ս
ʻ˵˵µĹ򣬼֮޴Ͽ沼ս̨ʮÿһӵһս̨ˣҪУսʤſԽһܼУ˾Щƣǿѡսκһս̨ˣӮ֮ѡҲԷս̨ȥսĿģӶʤս
һôѾǾʮʤˣӮֱӿӶľʮʤɾͰʤȻûоԵʵҪӶʮʤս֮ˣ̸ס
ռ˶ʮս̨⣬ս̨Ҫֻս̨սȻ֮ţս⻹ʣս̨ɷ˵ֻҪǸȥս̨ɡ
һ򣬵ȷԶԷǳƽͿĸĵǿˣֻҪǿ󣬾ͿӶİʤһ̨֣µҪԳԿϾ̨ӵҪٺܶ࣬˼Ӧвܶʤ
аţս̨ǷһǷӿ
ң¹һ֣ʣµĶǰսʤľӢǿߣʲôΪҪײ㶼޻˵
ǰڻ֮Լǽ󣬶ռʲôôʱд֮գʵ
ڻ֮ԼռĿģ⹫ֻ󣬲Ż֪ˣ˶вսĻᣬƣҲ˵ڻ֮ԼĿʲôһУԼѡԸμӱμӣԸμӿɹ
ƽڣɻ󣬺ֻ֪ܶڻ֮Լǰ˻ʢǶڻ֮ԼĿģȴ֪ǳأˣΪأǰ̣Ҫ̽ࡣ
һǷǳش֮£Ż˱ܣڻʺεȵλһãռܹõĺôҲ˵а뵽һȣ߸ϵİ˻ڻһ٣칬ϻһȱϯʢ˵ǹϵܣ˶š
һһ·ǿܻĺôҲܽӴ֪ܣҲпܣȴǵǼȵ֮¡ʼ˵΢Ŀɨһ۰˻ڻʡ
ȻʽȫˣҲҪΪڻ֮ԼĽǵȻҲҪ뵽Ȼ֪ʲôܣǸ绹ڻʶΣգҲ޷ȵĻܣ


1378 ɱʼ
ΪΣĿɨڻʣѾ˵ţþģԹƽڻ֮ԼףҲȥð˴踣һЩСֶΣôùЩ۾
Թܹͬ⡣˾ռʵͷȱ̬
û
ͬ⣡
ڻʷ׷׵ͷʶͷͬ⣬Ȼ̨Ϊǣͬһ˵ı䲻˽̨֣٣ʲô򣬶ܻԿֻ߾Ӣ֮·Щ츳ˣܵȫ
ȻкףѶȣܴ
ΪȻʵĹ˵֮ˣֻΪʮ֮ǰİϿȣ޾Ⱥ˵ûлˣ˭ţ̨ҲеȺ֮Уᱩ¶̨ݣȥӶս̨ɱ
ţ뵽ģˣҲ뵽ڻ֮ԼһŹթȨıɱʤ˵Ķֻܰšɾš
Ƕˣ޾Ⱥڻʵͷͬ⣬ʵĹӱϿȥ˷ǳƽˣֻܳΪΪǵʵҪȷһЩˣͿԸǷսʮս̨ѡս˿ȥĻᡣ
ңһֹǿߵֱײǶֻԼ̨ȻЩͲȺܹ²õˣף棬ˮ
Ȼֶͬ⣬ǹ㶨ˣţħʰæʮս̨Ŀ⿴ʮһçţɽţħ֮ء
ãţħʵͷŲһ̤գվԲϿϿз򣬷·һ޴ħţǣ¿֮˺ȫÿ
ţħʴ֮ʱӰ˸ԶƬռ䡣
𣡡ţħ廯һޱȾ޴çţŭһһյĿֲѹȶ£çţӰ֣ʮطڣþ޴ţǽٿ
ţħʿ𣬺¡¡ʮٿս̨ӵ¹𣬾ȻӴ֮бǿа˳ÿһս̨ǳ嫣֮ء
򣡡ţħǴһʱ¡֮ʮս̨·ɽ廹Ҫȹ̣εǣ޷ҡ
ˣţħ̧ͷһۣ漴Ųһ̤صԼڵɽ֮ϣ¡һ·ɽ嶼Ҫըѡ
鷳ˣʶţħ΢΢ͷ漴˵ʮս̨Ϊս̨ϷΪս̨мʮսָ̨ѡһɣ
ս̨ûʲô׷ѡһһһս̨
ãǲһλӵ̤ѡս̨Ϊһɳʮˣʮս̨Ϊ˱սʤ֤һ˳Сٶȿڣ漴ʮǿ̤ÿ˷ֱվһս̨ϿգרΪʤ㲻ˡ
֮飬һ⣬ҲҪȥ֣һֵսһʼʮ֮ڣһλһλɿܻǧ֮ˣ⽫һ־սЩʣֻҪͳ߿űˡ
䣡ϣһӰרս̨֮ϣҵһλۣ׿Ϊأֻһרս̨֮£ҪսʤˣǷǳѶȡ
˭һŭХչ·һƬƬƽƶɣս̨ϿգޱߣһսԳս
칬ĪϧȺֻ칬ս̨֮ϣĪϧԽ٣ȺĿһ⼸һǿݣҪֱȺۣһλȡðʤս
Ƕһս䲻ħټʵܴ죬˵һսħҪ칬ϻ޽ĪϧҲҪƣɾԼ칬ս̨ˣ˲䱳֮⡣
ս̨ȥаˣǵĿץסȡʤʤǲŻȥս̨̫ǿˣȥսȹս̨
Ȼרս̨֮⣬жʮߴս̨ÿһģս̨֮ϵԵúۡ
̨ս̨֮ϣһλһ꣬ǳЦ˳ȾΪأ˶δϵôˣ̨һյͽۣΪ֪
̨̤רս̨֮ϣսһ֮ˣΪΪӶᵽĵһʤȻʵǳϣ˸опᣬֻһƣ֮˱ս̨ΪǱ
˭ɫһ̨ϵһϽӲӵһ֣ȡһʤ
ʯ״Ī죬еô򵥣Ҳлȡʤ̨ս̨Χشһ˿˵΢̨ƭˣȻʵ״ӣҪҹĿˡ
ͬʱʮս̨Χ鲼ȺһƬս̨֮ϣѾʼ˴սζڻ֮ԼĻ
ʮ֮ϣ΢գϥգ·𲻹£ڻ֮ԼŸոտʼѣϰеսҲ½չһУ磬һֻ֣ȷиӵ̤һС
ڻթı֮£ҪӶʤһ֮¡
ʱַվȺУ˫֮У͸˿˿ЦĹַ⣬ǳ⣡
¡
ս̨һλ٣Ϊأ֮ף£ڻ֮ԼҲǲܽʥ֮ģĻ̫ռˣֻԱʵʤÿһȵڻ֮ԼԼ׳ɵĹ
ңһ˶֪Ǳڹǣμڻ֮Լǿߵ䣬ó֪֪꣬νΪ٣ϵˣȻѾڻ֮Լ֪صġ
ˣǿһǱ֮ͨ񱤶еͨʹɱǿ󣬷
ʱȺڵɽ֮ϣ˿˽ս̨¶˵Цݡ
ʦΪأص˶սʤɱضһսȺˣҪ۷ˣпܹʦһսֲ˰ʤʮʤӹɵģ
ţʮʤЩ֮˲Ż֣Ӷʤսʦ֧ʮʤӦûʲô
񱤵һЩǿ̸ЦȻʱֻһӰ̤ս̨Ϊ۷塣
Ȼһħޣ
ʦܵһսɱ
ɳ̸Цս̨֮ϣ˫֣һײ֮漴ǵЦݽӲ
ǸղŻڴʦܣֱӱķʽһȭֱۣţԴշѹɱ


1379 黻
̸Цļ΢΢鴤ϵɫøȤǽЦȴȿ޻Ҫѿδ˵꣬ǴʦܱһȭɱԾԵշѹͺϺݺݵĳһ㣬ҳϢ
˭ղǴһʵ˶Ĭаһ˸ˣ˭֪˭
˭˵û츳ǿʢսǿ֮ˣܹսͨأһصħˡ
ĪΪˣÿһڻ֮ԼĬĬŵվҪ۽ԶһЩɱţ˵һ
ʦѵüǣȺʿڣʱһǷ˵
ȻҲųȺеǿߣٶȿڣ͸һƺ⣬Ⱥ׷׵ͷԸźһֿܣϾ񱤣ҲǿȺ֮𣬶ҪɱĶ̨
̤ս̨ǿĨɱ񱤵һλ֮ˣȻַ㡣
ս̨Χ˱һĻһԣ񱤵һλһȭɱݣ澡ʧ
ڿѡΪսеҲжַ˵
أַܾǿ΢΢ͷ漴п̻ʱһһַֽϣζʤΪһ
ַޱս̨˸ûȺУϢ·ûгֹ㡣
Ƭַ֮ʮһվոϿȣһ۽ʮս̨۵ףϿ֮ͷַܶҰУֻעЩս̨ϵս֮ˣҲȥӶսʤǶֿɵá
ʦսǿʤӦⲻ󣡡ַ㿴̨Ƿս̨аһ˿̣ĪϿŵս֣ѾʮˣζѾʮ˳ʤ
ĪϧʤӦҲûʲôѶȣǴͬƽƺǿˣΪҲأļ·˻ƽϴӣ֪ʶʲôַа⣬Ǵϴȫͬˣӵǿʢޱȣ֮мս֮ˣֱӸɱȿƷʥһ
ǿߣӦȡʤַĿ˷ʮרս̨ȫС
ǿѾӶʮʤһЩ֪Уȴǰ̣ǰսΪ˴ԼԼǿ󣬿ң˵ڻ֮Լ֮ʱһܣҪ̭Ƕڷ˶ʧûйϵֻҪ͹ˣʧˣԵս̨ȡᣬһȱӦǹⲻΪȱ޹ؽҪսҲἤ˵ŭսҡѪ
֣ɱǣұֱȡսӵʮೡʤʤʮೡսҶԣֵáַҪӶʤ׾٣ôʤսÿһʤɱһˣȥӶսĻлɱˡ
ʱ񱤵ĵڶλѾȡĳʤսַֻɨһۣˣֵԼֻɱᱻ̭
ţڴʱַĿһ֮ɫ̨ս̨ϣĪ˿һ˴սΪأս죬صսĪսѽѷ֣ǿʢ¡
ⳡսս̨ϵһսײ˺ܶ˵Ŀ⡣
ǿɱ⣬Ҫʦֵַӵһ⣬ԷӵսһȻҪӶʤսǺ׵飬ǣԷΪӶᣬȻǳɱȥģɱ̨ˣĿģò˵ЩѰζ
ռ֮ͨôַһȻʱҲ뵽ˣЩɲôʵ˶λսһЩƽǿߣǻǻ켣ȺУΪսߣɱˣ෽㡣
ʦֻսһսԷӵսһֲôַ㿴Ƭаʦ״ӣûм֮ˣ࣬ȴǾӢڻʣǵӳȺʯʺʶˣ̨֮ǰֻоλ״Ӷѡ
ʯ״ӣսһ̨ս̨˴ЦһƮȻˣ˳ս̨սңҲûκսҲνᣬֻĪֶһʤս
ߣַһâսӮߣսʤֱӻɱַ㲢¶ܶһ֮ˡ
뵽⣬ַϥޱȣĿ⽫ս̨ȫ֣һ⣬ս̨սԺг֡
ʱ仺ȥصǿߣΪ˵һõʤ֮ˣХһ˭֮ţϣȺҲ¶˵Цݣһʤ֮ˣûû֮
ˣƷϣڶλǿߴΪҲǿأ۷֮⣬Яһλǿ߰ʤ֮ƽ٣ơ
¿սٵɲǣʮһһϮַ̤ӭ̤ȥֱս̨硣
ţ˿Ͽַ̤Ŀ΢Щ£ȻΪߡ
Ҳ˼ַ֮˴սַӰĿһףҪùˡ
߿Ҫս̨֮Ҳоһ̤üͷ΢壬̧ͷŶӰȥ漴һâɱδվȾȻ
ɱǿ߽Ųһֱַ̤㣬˼֮ʱȻһۣһǿʢռӶ
𣡡ַһ³֮¶ɱ¾ħȭ͸գħҪᴩƬռ䣬¡¡Ĺ֮ը죬ռ֮飬һǿ屻ħᴩ屬ѣǿµħ͸֮ԶȥＸʮɣħ죡
ǿȺһֻǿߵͷһԼؿλãħȭᴩ漴ӵȫ϶ҡ
㡭ַָ㣬ƺ˵ʲôȴ¿׹ȥ
Яһ˰ʤ̤֮£ϲδս̨֮ϣһȭɱεȿɱ
ְɣַз㶵Ĳ˵Ҳ֮ˣڸղһһʧĿĮɨַһۣһɿһַ֣㣬Žʤսѣһǿ֮ˣȴֻʤս
ΪѡУսʤ֮ȴ̬ȣʼң䲻ˣҽҪˣַ΢΢ͷҲУ³һȺһһɱ֮˺󣬾Ҫ裬ÿħޡ
һˣ֮Уһʿˣ
ǣʣɫѿ̧ͷգ˵


1380 
ַ΢΢ͷڣϣӰҳǱ񱤻ҪǱ̨񱤵սȴ׽ս֣ǧǿƵǳܵУʺʣһ١
Ҫ֮ҵĳޣѾԽ񱤼ĳˣҶԼļˣҪݡ
ʱ֤鷢ʮս̨УôκθɫʣٷҲȫƽȺĤУĲУ˵ͬϷһֵһᡣ
Ȼ־廹ҵЩУͷ鴤ѵҲҪĵףһ˿һ¶
ǰǣַڵӵ¶һĨǳЦƽ˵һڻ֮ԼΪ̨սʤɱ˶Էڶڴˣ˭ܶԣַҪʲô˼ɣֻҪΥϷС
˵գַκˣ켣Ⱥ֮У˫ڵ͸һĨɫɨս̨ƺѰ
ֻ񱤺ҵĻӲ֮˵ע⣬ңɱ񱤺У᲻ע⵽ңַ˼⣬ܿ죬Ŀõս̨֮ϣһЦΪ˸õαװֻܽˮˡ
δ֣ڻ˵ʱǰһɱնһλõǿߣսΪ
һƺרɱûκսˡ˹עַ㣬оȣЩɱûսսΪԷɱַԲԭҵǿߣһ㶼ֻ̫ǿѣһɱҪɱˣѵΪԼս
һЩעַֻо޷͸ܿ죬ɱ˵ˣһΣɱһλƺֲ飬նɡ
ַ㣬ȻǹִֻնҺ񱤵ˣԵòˡ
ˣֻһλޣǳԸ񣬵ҲûʲôֵرעģַնһйעַȺаȥעַˡ
ֹһЩʱ̣ս̨˰սʤǿߣ칬Īϧʤս̨Ī죬ʤսһЩֵ̳һλսʤǿߣңʱĻȥʮʤսǿߣȴĳ⣬磬񱤡
ͬʱȺҲһǳ΢飬һЩʵǿˣǻ켣ȺУսʤǣרɱʱĶȹԽԽַ࣬㣬ֻǳΪеһλΪѾһʱûг֣ˡ
ЩݣȻֶΣȺа⣬ҲµˣЩרϲɱˣвٶģǵĹֲֶֶΣ֪Σɱֻܹʵǿ
Ⱥڵ֮ϣʱŵ΢΢Į˵ǣƺûеһλʤ֮˰ɣ
ʵĻʱ֮һսսһ˿ڵʦһ֣һҢսȡʤս
ãҵţƽ˵һٶȱϣȥҵҢһ¿ս̨һսܵʱҢڿգХ֮֮
ʦҢΪ۷壬˫嶼۷壬ټ֮սȡʤղߵһѾǰ˰ϹȻܲμڻ֮Լ񱤵սֵ̨ģΪֹѾ߰˸ʱȥˣȻûһʤѹʦЩŭ
ɱһԲ
ڴʱ˵ĿһֻԶһ֮ϣһӰⲽս̨ħޡ
ɱԶҢһҢͷĿ䣬ֱַ̤㣬Ȼַܿǰר񱤵ս̨
𣡡Ңֱ˲⻯ףֱۻֱۣصĴذɱŭ֮ȭ͸ɫ֮Ϣź֮УƺӵĿˡ
ַһħȭںħذһУɱ졣
˫ȭײһַоֱ۷·ҪñѿҲǾǧΪǿҢΪ۷壬شذ֮ȭȫԵĵӣܿ¡
ҿ⣿Ң͸Цһֱƿգַɱ
ַһԲħɱ¾ħȭٶȺͶԷȭͷݺײһ漴Ŀԣַ˫ͫ׶Ȼ仯ڰ֮ɫ͸ħ־
֮䣬㣬ַ³һԷĿݣɫҲ֮Ϸӣᡣ
Ѿܵʱ䣬ɣֱַӴ͸ԷĶĤУöԷԴң·һħ֮һԺвϵɢӣ޷԰ΣҪ
ᡭ૵漴ŭ𣬶ͬʱַħȭᴩգԴϣ¡һ촫ԴըѣսԣҪַ࣬ᣬϾ־ǿʢױħ־ʴӰ죬ħҪɱˣϴɱ׶ˡ
ҢսȺɽ壬Ϲͷ˲ɫѿ˼£һɱһܹȡðսʤħޣ
񱤵Ҳɫѿ¿ַӰ쵰һ
ʵſ𣡡ַɱ˻ս֮󣬶һĮ뿪ߣ񱤵˰ѵΪҢ֮ʱһŭķУΪԭͳֻɱħޣδҲ̫Щ
ַޱ飬ɱ֮ȺԾ漴ս̨ϵһλ̤ȥַ̤ȥ֮ǰһһȥˣַ£վ¿չǸղ̨֮ͬˣרɱģΪѾ˾ʮ߳ʤսս̨ϵ꣬ĳսҲζ˭սʤǳɹӶʤս
սĽֳ֮ʱַ㶣漴ڵһâյĽɱܸ߰ս͸˶ԷʵӦðܵģԣ˶ˣˣսģ˳
ףȺԺг֣ףɱΪѾҵɱߡ
Ϊңַ㰵Լʱ򣬶Էս̨Ϊս̨ϾҲɱ֮һ


1381 
ղ̨ս̨ϳֹȻҵˣַڵһâһֱԹߵ̬Ŀʮս̨սսѾһʱ䣬ӿֳɱߣΪսɱߣ̨ս̨ϣĪսҪɱĪ졣
Ȼˣұ㲻ˣַеâ˸漴Ųһ̤彵ս̨֮ϣһĻ㶣ַ㣬ս̨ѵһҪɣ
£Ҽ㣬ƺսܹһ̤ս̨ս̨սģַڵӶɱߣɱһĺâɨַ㣬͸һĨĨɱ⡣
Ϸױԣַ㣬Ȼ˵δҲ̫ˡ
ʤʤܾǰܣս֮˵ңǰûй涨֮սܾͲٴ̤ս̨ҼսٰΣֻҪȡðʤսһҫĮӦַ㣬ԴǷ
һսٰΣȻǱڹأȤĺܣҵҲЩս˵ģַڵдǳǳЦ⣬ȵľǶԷ仰˶ˣģԺҪ棬Ҳˡ
£̨ƺվλðɣѵҲҪɱЦһ
ûվΪ˭ҶֱսͲᱻսˣַһâľ߷ζɱӸ䡣
ôĿ˭㶼ս𣡡ɱ·ҵˣһǿߣɱַ㣡
òһôог㡣Ⱥַ㰵ǵȻûǲǰɱһҵˣǿ߻δأͱǿĨɱҪҲлˡ
ڣԸӵĿ˭ֱս⻰š
ϣڱһ̫ս֮ϣǧŲ̤âɱ⣬³֣ȥն
ȥ뺣ȥ㹻ˣһǿ߿˵ַڵĻȻϵôˣǧֳ֮ҵ޵ǧС
뺣ȥѣǧƽ˵һǧüͷһǧ㣺Ϊ˵
ҼˣУ߲㣡ǧ³һǧĿһ߲㣡
ǧ߲֪̤߲ζʲôսӹɣ뺣ȥĻȷɡ
ǧĻŵ̤߲һħ޲ؾ磬Ȼ˵߲㡣
ȥɱӺ߹Į
Ȼ̤߲㣬ȥҲһǧп˵һɫһôҲʮеȴԼҳӣио裬˭Լûܹ̤߲ء
½еŴɣҲ౾Ϊ֮ȴįܲңǵڶΪǰڽ࣬޷ϣֻ֮Լ֮£֮츳ȻͨǰţУȴѾΪƽӹĴڣպͬΪʮĺ֣Ѿնصˣʱ̰ĵס
ףҪҪñ²̽һ˭ǧߵ˵Ǳ֮ʵĳƺԾڰ˻ģֻһ˲֪ǧУǵʵӣˣǧкüܴ
ʵȻһӣãÿһóʱܴ󣬱ʳӺˣǧУʺһλãǧ㣬ӣǧкǧ㣬ʵѪ
Ժ˵һ֮̽һɱһˣԻ뿪ս죡ƽ˵
ãǧ΢΢ͷ漴Ųź̫սȥƬ֮һǿߴ£ս̨֮ϣַ㡣
ַ΢΢̧ͷһۣǧվǣ¶һĨЦһ
䣡ַŲһ̤ս̨ȥӿֲֿɱ⣬ŭһ
֮֮ţһ¶һĨ·ܵ
ɱɱ¾ħȭתͷ£ַɱѿհȭɱ
ǣռ飬ɱ¾ħȭҪѿհȭһѿ
ɱɱɱַɱŭħ֮ϮϣڶԷԴУһȭȭɱ¾ħȭᴩأգŲ֮ԽԽǿʢ
ǿɫȻ䣬Щ԰ףղ̤ҪܣȻʱɱ¾ħȭѾ٣¡һ죬Դըѣ
ţǲ֮ɱ¾ħȭ嶼͸ѣħУɢԵһǰ
ַ֮ϣ֮⣬Ⱥֻо΢΢ħޣÿ£ɱҵˣɱһ޹˼ɣ죬ħޣħҪΪΪ
ҵɱ߻δ뿪ַǿնɱһλǿߣɫʱԵΪѿԽɱ
ȴƬַ̣ϵսһ˷ַ֣վս̨֮ϣգһû뿪˼
Ҫ𣿡жַƽʵб䣬ԼƽѾǴɫʣʹʮȫʵڻ֮˵Ļм٣˵
ϣ˿ַǣɫѿ
ȥնǧӱ䣬һȻ̤߲㣬һҪնɱ
ȵȣǧа˰֣λش𣡡
ַ̧ͷ˲һۣЦҡͷҲֻǣһλɺ͸ղһֱսǰ棡
ַ˵ţâɨɱһۡ
ţһ̫ˣȫҷȺֻоѪӿɱһַ֮͸ղһ˭սˣλҶֱսεȰ
ɱ߽Ųһ磬Ҫս̨漴㿴ַϷʵɫɵýŲһ͡
˵λҶֱսŭӿֱ˵Ƿ⣬㣬֮ˣַһֱͷһɫѿղַ˵λֱսΪŭ·ȻĿ˳ȥΪһԱ
ңֶΰȺ֮Уһ֮ռ䣬͸ǿҷ֮⡣
¹ֻΪȴü֮˻켣ȺУЦЦ֮ɣ˭˵˶Χ֮˵Ŀⶼߣϵ˸оϻġ
յ֪ңΪȴץУһ£


1382 ħַ
ˣ˭ҪնϣǧѾɱڱڣնַ㣬ϴ֮ܡ
Ĳʵ˵һǧǧ㣬֮ˣɻĸ꣬㶯ŭϲŭɫҪɱмǵñǣħΪǿʢһɱأҸղֳսְħ䡢࣬ÿһְ嶼Ƿǳ֮壬ҵ˼𣡡
ְ壬ҳħ֮⻹ࡢ䡢ǧ㻹ǧУооħޣħ֮岻Ϊ棬ְ壬Ϊѵõİְ壬ƿص˺٣ַȫӵС
⣬ֳַģǣֱʮȥ
ڸǣַ㣬۲սǿʢ츳Ҳ£Ҳ֪˶٣Բϣǧȥðգǧǿǽʣûаյսðա
վں氵Ĳ츳Ž츳յʮһ½ǰȻԵ˵Ĳŷ·Ҫ֪¿֮˱֮ǵַ㣬֪θ롣
ףǸǧ̵ǧ㶼һսʤַĻôҵˣˡ
ģͰսʤǣƽûа㲨ȴǧֵ΢΢һַŰʤսѣʤңҪȥ
ȻʵУȥǧȥðա
ǣǧ΢΢ͷ漴źȥ׼ҪҵˣȻصˣңҵϵѪ
ַվս̨Ͽգɱַ߱һ仰˵ԣѾûȺ֮вңȴٳٲ˽ս̨֮ϡ
ңû𣿡ַ΢΢ͷ˵
ս㣡ϣһϴ漴һصӰ㶣أַһսҴҲôҲʢǳͨ
ɱַڶԷϿ֮ʱֱ̧һȭɱɱ¾ħȭ͸գ̼䱻һ꣬ң
ַҲ£漴Ȼҵ˼֮ˣܳסʣҲں͸ɱ
¡¡첻ϣһӰϽ٣ȴһȭ׾ٵĺɱַϵս򲻶ϵţȺԣңݣȻֶӦַǿơ
ħܹѹȵֵزû˸ս£ȺַӸ߿ڶ࣬սʤַĻһսģȻѡôζţҵţûаնԸħޡ
ʮʤˣѾʮȺַϵսϵĵӣҲƽħޣǺݺݵ˦һ⣬ҲңȻҵﵽֵزһֱվս̨ϲˣҲֻΪɱݡ
֪˻ôһ޸һ¹ɣ˵һֱͬһս̨ս
ʱַϰߵĳϿպһɱ¾ħȭԷͷŵ·飬ɱ¾ħȭҪԷշѹɱ
ţַ΢΢üôоһȭûкжԷ
Ȼ䣬һɿֲΣ٣ַ㺹ë𣬻оһ̹ǵı֮⡣
͡һ貶Ŀ֮ɱҫ۵Ľɫâ۾һ˲䶼޷·ʧ㣬Ƿޱߵ·ѾҪоԼԴҪƿҪһ¡
ɱַ֣ͷȻ˲
𣡡ַŭХһħ˲ۣϷ·һޱߵħӰҪأֱӳϿ֮˺˰Եޱȵȭͷ
ǣ飬Ӱըѣǹַ֮֮ȭ˲䱻շѹΪƬòûʣ¡
ȥַһħʧղһɲǷľ·ӡȺԴУ֮ȥ
ǡħһĿħ֣ɱǴɱַˡ
Уղս̨ϵħޣôͻȻ㱻˴ɱ
˵ǣַ㱾ˣղҲʵһǿɱ֣ܹʱɱһǲһΪǿ󣬵Ϊɱ¾ɱˣʱһɱ
ղһ̷·ҪɱĸоεȵϤַ˲뷨
ôᣬɱ֣߱ͬһɱ֣ҵˣַгʣս̨ϣȻ˺߱ͬһɱ֣ҵģƸΪɱģ
˵Һ߱ͬˣĻף໥
һУַ޷Ūֻȥ²⣡
ңַͷϵһӰʵĽǿ֣˻ľˮƺԽԽˣ磬ھʮУȻô˻ľϤӰ
ϵҲַ㣬ÿ񱩵ħħʵ𣬹ȻǿǾΪַ׼ɱ֣ûܳɹɱ
һɣƽ˵һ˴ȥһַһȭɱܿ죬ַսʮʤ
Ȼϲ棬ҷ㵽ףַڵһâգ漴˸뿪սֱ̨̤Աߵһս̨ϣ˾ռҵս̨
ɱַԵһȭһУ˾ռǿ߸ȡõʤͱַһȭǿƺɱַ㼸ûֱͣӿս̨ЩһĻ˶Ĳѣħӣɱ飬޵ǵȻףַɱˣʵѡģ
ţһ˱ɱ󣬽ţַһ̤ս̨
˿ս̨ϣ񱤵ǿϿŶʮ壬Ѿսʤʮ峡δһֱܼ˰սʤΪҲҲ۷壬ǳǿƣȻַ̤ս̨ɲǣ΢΢鴤£ɫ˲ࡣ
ɱַɫһĮɱ³ħⷭ峯ŶԷȥ¡¡Ŀ±ʱħԼƵܿ콫˵嶼ЮУƬ֮û漣񱤵ǿߣս̨֮ϣϱƿһ󶴣
Ҫʲôŭ죬ɫ࣬һֱעַ㣬ǰַȥս̨Ҳңҵս̨ռֱƬ֮뿪ɱõˡն˾ռҵˣһɱ񱤣һǱսʤǿ߸ɱ
һҪܹ𣡡ΧȺҲһԣа鴤̫ˣһҪӶʤսˣƫƫŪˣɱһһ񱤺ҶɱûƢˣòҲ˼ˣ˾ռңҪһ˽Щȫɾɣ
ħħޣħޣδҲ̫ħЩ


1383 ս̫
ɽ֮ϣԣߵʦҪҪþ̫ȥն
ĻĿⶸȻâĿ񱤾̫ӣֻ񱤵һЩ߲֪񱤾ŴӢУҪôʵϵҪôʵӣӵкܸߵĵλ˶ںǰ̤֮񣬵ھ̫ӣѾ۷Ϊ
̫ӣؾϣ˴ڻ֮Լ񱤵̫ӡ
ع籩¶ռƻǵ͵£켣ȺӶʤҪŽǵһֶѣҪȫڶ֣ȷһʧƽ˵һ΢΢ͷ̫ӣƣڻ֮Լĵһ֣ȡʤ˵ڶ֣ǾӢսƣȻҪõʱѪ˶ס
Ȼڻ֮Լô˭ûһЩս
⣬Сȥ̨ѩսնˣٶȵ˵˾䣬ͷĿһâʵǺѩ磬ȻСȥնСȥնѾ㹻ˡ
ַȻ֪˵Ļնɱ֮Ŀ⻷һۣ漴˸вעȻ̤ɹս̨ɵɻħޣѵҪִݻɡ
ɹŮ֮ǰַ㽻ŮӣֻǴ˿ɴѾսʱ˺ѵˣ¶òգˮˣַʱ㶣漴ЦҲСŮսĻֻˡ
ôᣬľö֣һʤҵģַǳЦ˵Ŀ⳯Զɽȥһž޵գҲȻᡣ
СŮҪˣŮǳЦ˵ʱ·лþַֻ֣оþ֮УһӰԼڻԼĵ¶ѩļ
ӿԸСŮں쳾ж䣡ջַԺַ㿴ѩ׵Ů֣ջֻҪͷԷΪŮˡ
ˣҵµģַǳЦ˵ŮЦ£ϣ漴þ֮һƺַϣַˣս̨
עַȺһĻʱһȻһս̫쵰ˣɱҵˡ񱤵ˡ߱õǿߣȴֻΪֵɹ˻ģħޣɫ
ллӣ˺Цַ΢΢Ƿ˫˵ӵȴһĨԹ֮⣬ƺǹַܾȷŮġ
ӽ˱ãַˬЦ˸ӼᶨԼĿһһǺɫɱˣȻֻΪõŮ
쵰ŭһ޲ǰȥַ㵱ɱɱлȡʤţֻΪɹս
עַҲɫ࣬ɱӣ쵰ħޣѹַղſ⵱ڽҷսһҴͷսַ㵱ȻҲͿԣҸַսɡ
ɫһˮмԹĿַ㣬ȻʦöˣҪ϶䡣
ˣϡǾĿ⿴ߵᣬЦʵ
ʦ𣡡ϾһĨߺ֮ɫʱǾЦЦǷ̫â¶Щ
ַս̨ɱʮˣ澡ʧɱлȡʤ񱤵ˣɱ˾ռҵ˻㣬ȷЩ̫¶âˡ
ʦ𣬲裬νħǳЦȻַ֪â¶ԭΪַ㣡
΢Цŵͷûжԡ
ַսᣬֱӹ㣬ӣϿ°ʤսɹһ֡
˸ַ뿪ɹս̨·֮ʱ˳նһˣپ񱤵ʱֱַһնɱɽ֮ϵԼǿȭͷ죬ɱԽԽʢ
˾ռҺս̨ϵǿ߾ȻսӶһЩսܿ죬ַܲˣն
ڱնħأ˾ռȺɽ֮ϣ˾ַϣ·͸ա
ַĿ΢΢̧𣬳ȥڵ˫һײһľңԶǵʵȣ˶֪Է̤֮С
ڲ֮䣬һʱȥõʤսԽԽˣһʤս֮˵㣬ûһˣ񱤷ǳңΪһ޶
һУȻǰַͣ˿ħϥһɽԵ֮أÿһʱ̣ƺȥ߶һ£ɱˣ˳͵սɹӣһɫĴ˵Ϊħϲɹӡ
ʱַϣ˰ʮʤսδȥˣΪעǫ̈̄ս̨֮ϣ˿̨̣飡
̨ս̨֮ϣƮѩ˪䳤죬һ֮Ӱϵ˸һս֮ˣѩˣ֮Ҳøǿ࣬˸Ųһ֮䣬Ӱ
ɣѩ磬սһ裬֮裬Ŀѣԣ̨Χ˶ڵʱ˼֮趯
ַƲƲ죬оһĸоָоַпЦȻǳԴأƺҪӣַŮˡ
ʱһӰ̤ս̨Ϊ۷壬ϵϢƲôǿ󣬵ȴһΣյĸо
ַжȻһ֮âˣǿ֪ܷӦˡ
սʼѩɣƮգƽһȭɱڽӽʱȴȻХһſŭһΧգ壬һõ֮УޱߵЯޱȵ˺ҧȥ
䣡ַһŲȻ̤ŵħ˿ȺĿⶼǿߺս˹ȥû̫עַ㡣
صľΪսҲǿ󵽹֣ղƺһֱʵ˿̴нѩУս̨նȥ·ÿһƬѩɱˣңоһҶѩ꣬·նҪУһ֮ģԷ޷ǳ
ǿʥ֮Ⱥս̨Χ𺳣վܹܵǿʢޱȵʥ֮ϵϢڷѩӣʥ֮⽫֣˿֮ϣʥ֮ɹ⡣
ľֱ˼󾳽磬ټЩսֶΣѾսˣǿʥӡȺо̾սߣսܿ£


1384 ֶ
黻˹ַ㿴ѩ֮Լֲʥ֮ľѾ֪ΪԺлὥĶһЩ䣬ƺһЩѪĶдС
ѩ磬ѩѪ̤֮ǿˣʥ֮ʹľ綼·ǿ࣬ͺʹħħ֮ʱֻؾ磬Ǿ˵ϢԳԽͨǿӵеϢ
黹ս֮ˣǿʥ֮֮ײţħʲõս̨Ҳ
񱤣ܺãַڵâڿնħĿ
ʹ޶Ӷֵˣ
ַĹâɨַһۣһͷѪ˳ַ㡣
ߣַһڵħţѪɫĨ
ΪԼʵ˵ôɱ㣬³һսɡ
ͬĻڱһսԼԸڻҲ˵ʲôģַ˵ڻ֮ԼһϿȣսֻս̨֮ϣս̨սĻս̨ɱĳˣս̨¶Էǲǿ߶֣Ǳɣڻ֮ԼȻҪžֱΪ
Էû˵˿ͷŵʥ֮ԽԽ£һѩ֮ͬѩӵ޼᲻ݵķֺԳƿռ䣬ܽ˰ȥѩУս棬ƮÿһƬѩ·һƬ㣬̺С
ѩ嵽һ࣬ӵһĨʥ޵ѩ֮ģ·ѩóѩʥַ֮ص࣬ҪʥݲŻ֪ǵǿ
˵ַ㣬̨֮˶սǿʦ״츳Ҫǿ·ˣַһǳ
𡭡һ˻أƬշ·һ޴ѪɫӰѩѪ⣬ս̨ϵǿڷǿײʥ֮⽫ս̨֣Ѫ֮âȦգղϵĴը֮ƿռҪµϢϢ֮С
ǿӦǿߣӰһγ֣Ҫɱ̨飬ַӡ
ս̨Χ˲ϺˣҪܵǿֲĲڣɢ֮ʱдһĨѪ˵΢΢˲ˣܾģ񱤵ǿҲùϵ׶ѳһѪڣĿġ
̧ͷɨһۣ漴һŭХڿնȥ˲ϢʧããȺ֮У֪ɱ飬Ȼ˱֡
ַɨȥ֮һۣ漴͸źâŲһ̤ǳ̨ս̨ȥ
ˣͬʱһ˴ȺڿգҪ̤ս̨ϢǿʢΪء
ַӰ磬̤֮ǰһͣ£
һŭȺƼʴ壬Ȼת漴ַЯħ̤ˣŭһ
֮˹ԷĽŲ̼˺ǧ֮أԶַ㣬ͬʱַŲһ磬̨̤ս̨֮ϡ
ղַ㽵ս̨֮ʱɨǿһۣղҵĶֶΡ
ǿҲַͬ㣬ȴַЦ񱤺Ҷϲִݻˣ˶Ӱˣһᾡ񱤵ս̨֮ϣһʤ֮ˣ
ַĻȺĶĤУ˰Ĳѣ񱤺Ҳаʤ֮ˣҪҺ񱤵ս̨ܽ
ַ˵գ漴Цľհ֮⣬ΪңԸսԻȡһ׷󣡡
ȻǺɫħޣһԣһʱòѾɹĺüλ˽ɣ񿴵̨һλӣսˣһҪΪԼ񱤣ʱַ˵ӡǣɫħޣ
쵰Ϸ飡̨Ⱥڵ֮ϣ̨֮˶ַŭĿӣɫ䣬ַΪַӣվһˣеĲˣһЩ˼ģӰ̨ܽ˲뷨
ľЦ£Сһ
ַһۣɫһò΢ȴ͸һĨ⣬Ʈַȥ֮ƺַš
䣡׵ַϣַû㣬ֱſȻ΢΢סһĻ˺޵ҧ̨Ⱥвͷųһƺ⡣
һ֮Ĳ嵱УַһЦӱأ
˵Ʈˣս̨ϵս㹻ˡ
ַ뿪̨սֱ̨֮ս̨ȥʱս̨ս죬ǿǿײַǿƵ̬ս̨ϵӰɱ·֤ղ˵Ļ
ɱֱַ֮Ӷߣս̨Աߣڿգڵ͸ű֮⡣
񱤵Ⱥɫһַ㽵٣ǾǼɷǰ㣬ɫѿ
Ӷִŭħ޾ɫɽ֮ϵǿ͸ɷַ֮ս̨ԵӰͺһ̰㣬ǵϣҪս̨ܹ
ϲŮˣȥЩŮɱսֱ̨ս̨ϵ˽׼þʮųսҵҪôս̨˽δһۣ¶˿˿Į֮⣬һ츳ǿħޣѵҪ첻ɡ
ʦӢһʣ漴ȥ£תۼһȺʧߣ֪ȥ
Ƭַ֮ǿնɱս̨ϵ֮Ⱥ̤ս̨ٶԽԽ·ǺܾòһҶǺˣף񱤣ҲЧң˸ַɱһƣĹ죬ַͬһַʽҺȻ޷ս̨κεһصǿߡ
һЩֱַԣ񱤣Ȼ֪ץһŮӣ̤񱤵ս̨
ַԣҲԡ
񱤣һЦַЦһеҲеҵսɣ
񱤵ֻоϻģӿ޾ɱ
ڶ֣̫ӽɱһʱĮ˵
ַս̨ŮӺܿ챻˺ȥֱӶһսǿַ̤ȴһλӵоʮųսȽ񱤵ս̨֮ϣսĽ˰ˣʮųսˣ񱤵˽
ڻ֮ԼôԽԽоЩƾʵֶΣң񱤣ʵУαҪ棬һַվ֮У˵漴ӰԶȥٹעҺ񱤣ֶΣҪɱԷľӢҲˣǶˣ


1385 Ի
ˣϣɱ˿ַſ֮أսַ㣬̫һ治ң񱤣ڴ
ǹ򣬱©©ҲǣãֻûôԶѣǣΪԼ񱤻ԣǱȣǲôַ㣬һɱҺ񱤵Һ񱤣ˡ
ȵ˱Ҳˣȳֱ޷졣
ɱɱɱ
˿֮Уȫɱ⣬
ڶ֣ұնǧɱǿޱߣնַ㣬Ѱ
ʱĶĿ֮ƶ͸գַϣַĿ΢̧ͣͷ漴㿴Ƿޱߵͫ·Ҫ͸۾̽һС
ʣַħⷭǿʢޱȣԵף֮һ޷ɱ֮ˣɱа飬ֻҪлᣬɱɡ
ҡԸ̨ȥնļˣҪɱ飬Թ޷⣬Ψһܹɱ
˵ĶԣҿǷܵ񣬹޸һ£һսܣΪ̭ٲμڻ֮ԼһͲиղ鷢ΪΣʴ͸յַϣŭƽ
ַ㣬ȻƵʶ޸Ĺ򣡡Ⱥаַ㣬ֵ԰ˣʶò޸ĹһĻȷսˣǣȺӶս޷ֹˡ
ͬ⣡
Ҳͬ޸Ĺ򣡡
ȿڵλ˾ռҵʺ񱤵ʡ
ͬа˵ǵķӶַ㣬ַǿҵѹ֮ǵҪս£ַܹɱ˶ˣɱ˶ûκսϵģҲһˣȥɱַս̨ս̨ϵ䣡
Ȼ˵ˣкüλʵͷͬ⣬Ҳʲôͬ⣬ʣµʼ㲻ͬҲûа취޸ĵĹ򣬱ͨˡ
ڣ𣡡ַϣƿյĹ㡣
νⲻ⣬һֱЩλѣֻһ棡ַĮ˵޸Ĳ޸ģûʲôɱһЩ˶ѡ
ѵͲµ𣿡ȺվյħӰηʣаʣ̤ʾҪɱʣ۵
ԭ㶮ʵ¶һƵЦ⣬Цݣȴмַ˼ǣԭַ㣬֪λ棬Ȼ֪ˣ֪
ҵȻַЦЦ漴Ųһ̤Ƭ֮Ӱս̨ԱߣӰǣֶ
вôַЦвɱսعޣ㲻սɱˣаλҪңжó͸ɱ
Ȼڿַ򵥵Ķ֮˵޲һ
ϣȴһ֮ƮǧеĶĤ֮Уģɱõ۹
ǣǧеͷⱬ䣬׶ŭˣɱַ㣬̧Ųǧ̫ս
ַս̨ȴƬ֮һ˴Ϊأһ˫նϷ·ûͬһϣȴбɱ⡣
ţַ㿴֮üͷ֮ˣ漴ĽŲս̨·ս̨רַս̨
սʼ˱ֱַ㣬ȻھԵǰηҲܿ죬˵ըѣΪޣɱ
󣬵ڶ˴Ȼˡˡܿ죬ַϣһʮ֣ζѾɱʮˡ
ǣַüͷȴԽԽЩˣͲҵһǷ·ûѪ⡢ûͬӰ㣬ֻһζɱַ㣬֮ǰǵУаη֮⡣
ʿַ㽫ʮһնɱ֮˳ս̨ĿѾˣڻ֮Լĵһ֣ѾˣûбҪԼսɱЩʿϡ
ҵ˿ַ뿪¶һ˿⣬Ϊַ׼һݴ񣬿ϧȻˡ
ַ뿪ս̨˳ɱһλ̤ս̨ǿߣ漴վ֮Уʮս̨һС
񱤺ҶѾ׼һԼʵǷкʵĻɱǼӢַȡڻ֮ԼһֽǰԼʵǿʢ֣Ϊڶ׼һֵڻ֮ԼѾӿ˷ǳǿߣڶֽȫǰսʤս֮ˣͲͬһһˡ
뵽ַŲ΢΢̤רս̨ս̨ΧȻҪ࣬ֻս̨սȡսȻҪҲԣǣ˭ԸȥðӶϵսأ
ǿײĵطĴս
ַվս̨Զûп̫ҲһñȽԶÿһս̨ϵսΧܹ㡣
ڵأ٣صˣֻȲһЩǣϢȣģַа⣬֮ˣΪĹֶΣѪǿǣս̨ϵһЩսЩҲǼǿս·硣
ˣûǿıԴһɳľ磬ѶҪ˻ûǿ츳͵־ܣԣûһ򵥵ģ
˸ַ㵽ս̨Ľɽ֮ϣϥһǣͷţͫڣս̨ÿһγ֣ÿһ䶯ս
ʱţµϿ֣ƺ˲٣˲֪ˣս̨ϵսڳţһʤŽÿһһΣƺ㳲ǿ߾мǿ߲μӵڻ֮ԼսУʮս̨ͬʱʱ䣬սûаϨֻ̨ƺȺϡЩ
̨ս˲࣬ǾӢǿߣʶûս֪᲻ᣬʣҪÿһսˣõʤսһ֣
Ⱥа⣬̨ʮλÿһˣɹӶ˰ʤսȻмΪɱߵĲʹսǳңվʤˣ̨㣬ƺƣȴԻ͵սȫʤܹսˣѾˣ̨һߵǾӢ·ߡ
˲࣬ǰľ֡գаĪ졢ַ㡢ˣΪֻ֪ϧַ㣬ҷˣ


1386 ս
죬̨ս̨֮ϣһˣ̨˼սˣصʮһϣϥУʮˣϿһӲӵĴ֣ζ̨ʮˣһ̨֣̭ʮˣңǺ汻̭ġ
ԭ˶ףս̨ˣʵƫҪΪԼ˳㿴ûлȡðսʤԭ֮Ϊ֮ǰ̨İٷְٽս̨ս̨֮ϣɱߣ̨֮˺ǣһֲУ˼ΪӱܲɱһЩ˶Ǿ뿪ս̨ȥսֻ󱣵һ
ԷԸģЩɱҲ޷ַͬһֱնӶ޷ѵ
̨רս̨սս̨ڳս̨֮⣬ӽģӦרս̨ˣﱾƫ٣ֻΪĴսƺÿһսĳʱ䣬ҲҪһЩǳ˾սСģǲΪӶʤսͬʱҲΪ໥ӡ֤ܴܲӶϼȡ飬ԼʵһЩ֮
ʦ˵ÿһ֮ˣԼ֮·ϴģԼľɱ䣬֮ϿЩϣ·ܹܵǵ·ǵľǵַϥɽһţһص⾳ǿʢħ֮⡣
⼸һֱڹս̨սûȥɱ˭עͣרս̨ࡣ
ǵϣַܵɱ֮·վǣܹᵽΪɱһƶ޾ɱַܵ˾֮·վս̨֮ϣȴ˼Ȱĸо·Զˣֹˮ󣬵ľ֮ɱ䣬Ϊ
ϵ·ħһ·𣿡ַаԼħ֮ⷭݣ建վ漴Ųһ̤ս̨ȥһ̣ħݺᣬԣһħЯХ֮գ̤ء
·Ϊս֮·
ħ·ڣͬ˻֮ƹЮħ⣬·ħ֮ǹƵС
ţרս̨֮ϣһս̨һλոջһλս֮ˣͻȻоԶһɿֲѹʱȻ˳ȥ漴ַϣ˻֮ңܹĸоǹǿʢս⣬ϵϢһս졣
Χܵˣֻû˸ܵǿҶѣǵĿͬʱͶַ㣬һλ۷ǿߣǿѹ֮ѹһλѾʮʤ
ϣ޾ս·ȼգ˫Ϊսͫûа֮⣬ΨսϵÿһϢ·Ϊսġ
սһŭȱڶ
սսս֮Уս֮һִȺĶĤֱӹᴩ壬Ƿ·𶼸ܵһǿʢս⣬ֻһ֣ܹĸܵǹս֮ǿҡ
սŭһһ̤ս̨Юս⡣
ַ㣬٣ܣ·ں޾֮Ρˣħ֮ͬХ㣬ûգǿߡ
¡˻δ˫ŵĿֲѾײ·һսħϯأҡϣһſֲħ֮粨
ǣţ˵һײһżɵľڿգ֮ϣΡ׳ȫ޾ս⣬ħ⡣
ַˣս֮ȼգħ֮ٶȳǰ̤ЮشƣħںϣٶȺɱ
꣡
һΣַͷ·飬һα÷ˣսɣħû˥䣬ǿʢЮ֮ƣԽԽ£·һɴưС
սŭХһַһκɱûг漣Ѫзɫ԰ףѪ·𶼶Եħ֮Ю֮ƣȻǶԷ֮Уһࡣ
Ȼ壬ȴһһεĺɱÿһײΧһĲӣսӣ
ڽƣȼԼ̼ԼȺַķЩַڼԼǱϹЮŹħĴƲûн䣬ԽԽǿʢ
ǺַսΪҡһӣ˺ָƣŰս䷳·ͭƤǣ֮壬ĿУһͣϧҪܶԷַ㲻ܣʧȥ˽ĻᣬԵڻ֮Լ̨
ɱ
¡һ죬ս·۳ʵӰҡϣĽŲǰһ̤ǿŶ·ҪƿƬգܹ赲
ɱַͬŭХħ֮ںһ𣬷·ϵ嵱У뵽Ĺ棬ȭͷһγǰ˳ȥһΣǴħ֮ȭɱ¾֮ȭںϰ幥ͨ
䣡֮ħ֮ս֮⣬شƵУɸ߿գͬŭһΣַûкˣŲ·ս̨֮ϣ˫ڵħ֮ͫĶŶԷ
ɱɱɱַŭɱ¾֮ȭϺɱһȭһȭصӣ˵ƺʧȺߵУǿֲսϢս̨ţħ£Ѿѵˣս̫¡
ɱ¾֮ȭͬںɱ¾ȭشƽȥ·ϣǿֻƾɱ¾ħȭܺԺ䣬ǰַսͬʱԺڷٵת·ڼⳡսܹԼ󻯣ս̨ĿģҪԼĹԼʵǿܹƿ۷ľ磬Ǳˡ
ַսƺҲַһڻıøӵǿʢսԽԽ£Ķս·ܹٽĽЩ᲻ֳʤˣͣĺַÿһεײ
ÿħ֮ҲҪ뵽嵱УϵҵѪ棡ַһϷ·һħӰϢУ͸ޱȿ񱩵ϢԽԽǿʢ
ڱǿϢˣһħޣȺоһսĶעĿǸܵĵ׵Ķҡ·ҲҪΪַַײ
첻ϣѪڷķڵͫ׶·Ҫȼַս״̬С
ȥҪƿ۷ıϣ˹֮սַܵ㲻ͣϢа


1387 ʯ
÷ļһַս̵ַܹϢսǿ󣬱ҪַˣĻȥһƿϣпܽ
Ҳ㣬ԼȥɣַĶĤУҪӰַȼյս־
ַڵͫ׵͸Цˣ
Цһ£ȻˣϷȫ㣡ŭһսҲһȭɱʱһĿĽַ⳯ɱȥ޼᲻ݣβƣսȼա
ѾҡˣҶҡɱַ³ӵһħ㣬͸ԷԺУͫױڣĺڰ֮ųһƿħ־ħ־һħֶ죬ΨҶ𣬴ʹŶԷͫ
ͬʱַɱ¾ħȭ޼᲻ݵĶĿɫɱȥһ̣ɱ¾ħȭУ֮ҲУټĴ֮Լ·һƬؿռ䳯ŶԷշѹȥַ֮ŭХձ˿¡
ɱɱɱɱħ־һ봩͸ԷԺУǵıµ˼£һΣ˳ȥֱƣĴȥɫ԰ף֮ͫз·͸һĨѪɫ
࣡˶ֱۣѪƺҪֱָϵƣǲ֮ɱ¾ħȭ·ֱвˣ֮ɻŰݻֱۣܹ׺䱬һɽֱ۶ˡ
ɱһɱ֮͸ĶĤԺУңַЯħһν٣ͺһħͷ
ɱҲһȻǰ˦˳ȥвϵĲʱһɫԲͼ֣޼᲻ݵĽɫԲ̻͸ſֲսɱ˺գӡַ֮ϡ
ꡢǣⱬѣ˵ֱϵĹͷ·Ҳѿַһֱٶ̧𣬺ɱԴӡ˹ȥ
ӣɫ԰ףһսӣ裬οˣĲħȭ͸ա
ˣ͵£ħ֮ȭЯ֮ǰ˺һѪڣ漴ǹħԶһɽУ¡¡Ŀ촫ħƽϢ֮ʱȺȻķ֣ɽ屻͸һĶڣԴͷһͷͨһɽ
䣡ɽݺݵһȻ΢΢б£·ȵĲţɽܷɽȺǣĿ⳯ԶħӰǶоһľ
㣬˺۷սˣܷɽϣƮԵķ˵
ȷǿڻ֮ԼĵͽߣӦǿˣнߵУҲֻвһЩᲢۣ֮¾ҪܺսˡΪȻĵ˵ͷħ꣬һˣַ㣬Ǳ޵꣬
ѷ죡̾Ϣѷ쵱У޷ˣʱַ㣬ؾѣôѷдȥ
ʱַսѾս̨һսƣҡϣƺҪսĶս̨ϵħܸ꣬һ۷֮ˣȻⳡս޷ϳǿǰˣս̨ˣǰ֮¡
ȻΪֻħ꣬ʵǿս죬ħԣ֮Ѿħ֮ţΨҶ
ս̨ϵַ΢΢ͷ΢գħ·ҪᴩĿꡣ
һѾǶ۷ˣҪַ̼ڵȻſһħȥĿԡ
еҲΪַսʱַսΪʮʤϾղܵϾʮೡʤսϡ
ˣַŲһ̤ʧƬ֮󣬽ս̨ԵޱȵһȭɱЮ֮ս̨ǿ˲Ϣըѣҽжġ
̫ˣַõս֮˲ϢŲ뿪ȺоӣȻ˵̫ˣ񱤵Ⱥɫѿħ޷·ǿʢ˼֣ڽԼͷų
˾սַ̨̤֮ʱһԴֱӱըѣһȭɱսַ̨㽵֮ʱս̨ϵֱ֮Ҫ뿪ַһȭַħȭ죬һȭᴩգ̤ս̨˲䱻ɱ
ַŲһ̤ص˸ղɽ֮ϣ񱤺ս̨̫ˣһɱ޷̼ս̨ս̨ϵһǿߣһЯʮʤǿߣʱȥײҼʤصõ˰ʤսû취ɱˡ
ֱַӱĿ״̬Уڣħƣͬһħ㣬ǧ겻
ת֮䣬չȥڻ֮ԼһֵĴսӽβõʤսǿԽԽˣÿһս̨˲٣ЩҲӿǷս̨ϣһЩǳҫۡ
ȻһЩսߣҲҫۣоŸƺ񱤵ˣ嫣ǿʢĿһͷͷһһ˶۷壬ǿ˴ﵽؾ磬ȻΪ͵ǿ޷˵۾ЩһֱĿʣһж˱ֶսǿȻأȻûнȫͷųġ
ʱһս̨ս½ڻ֮ԼĵһҪĻˡ
ս̨ɴսƷɣΪأսȴ£۷壬澹ȻûжܹսʤѾȡʮʤս
û뵽ƷɴʮȻôǿˣֶһ˴ڻ֮Լսܣһ꣬˻Ľһϯ֮أһǿЦ˵ƷɲǰŸϹμڻ֮Լһľϲ
Ʒɺܲ㵱ǿʥҲЩذ˻ģʮ¾ͲʥˡǧҲЦ£ɫѿϿŰʤսҲһ֣˿ǧȴ˵ΪƷǧеĵϵһ
䣡ս̨һ˱ǿɱ漴ħӰ죬ֱս̨
ƷɡǧɫȻһʧôãֳˣƷˡ
Ʒɿַ㽵٣Ȼܣӭϣսأûսʤ
Ʒɣ˺ս̨ǧеĺƷ㶣ǧôô
¡һѵǧеɫҰףû漣ƷɱһȭһǱĺַ꣬㵱նɱ
ַֻ΢΢ͷյǧУĿǿʢħ⡣
΢΢һָ·˵һʤŵʯ
ɱǧɱȼգַɱҺ˿ڻ֮Լһȥնַ㡣
ȺҲĿ΢ӡ̫ˣ


1388 
ңħɱƷ֮ǰնһǿߣΪֱɱƷҲǽɱһ񱤵Ҳͬǽֻǳ˰ʤսѣԣѡ˶ɱһ֮ǰҪһ񱤺ҡ
սɣַĿջأеҲ˵ǲ΢΢ͷ漴ַϿ˰ʤս˿Ҳǳ䣬޲õַĨɱϧôֻ̡
ַʤˣ޷ټɱˣȵڶ֣һҪַȥڡ
лַڣɱ֮ƮȻȥȴΪϧûܹͻϣ
ͻƼΪʱͻƣʱҪͨս̼ʱ֮ʱǱܹͻƾ磬ͻ翣ûй̶ͻƷʽַܹоԼֻһ˿ˣƫƫһ˿Ͽǳ
Ҫȵڶ֣ܷսͻƣַеϥĿֻڻ֮ԼڶˣҲ֪ڻ֮ԼռĿģֻҪܹһֽ֪ģ֮޷ȥ֪ʲôá
ڻ֮ԼʲôܣַռĿֻһǿ󣬱ޱǿ󣬰Ӱ˻ģʡ
ʲѰ˵˻ģʡȻͬɽѹͷһҪλƽء
ڣڻ֮Լĵھ죬һս̨սҲˣһ֣ĻϿ֮У˲֪ǿʬǡ
ϣվĿ⻷Ⱥ˵ڻ֮ԼһֽˣϿ֮ķΧɣ
Ⱥ׷׵ͷ̼䣬һӰ˸ڿն뿪Ͽȣʮ֮ϣɽգʱʮУ飬·ĴӰٿϿȵУȴĿģһ߾ʬبǣ嫾޴Ͽȣ·Ϊһʬ֮ء֮ȡ
ղЩʬ屻Ӱûȫ뿪ֳľǾĶǵģ̫Ĳˣо嶼쬵ģôˣܶ඼һǿߣ񰲾ǣᣬ֮·Ĳпᡣ
һǿݣַ㿴ǰһĻ𺳣ֻڻ֮Լһֶѣ˻ľҪһʣһǿߣ֪Ҫʬ̵棬Ϊ̤ʯԼɳؾ磬Ҳ֪ж꣬ˣո̤ʱǸģĲпᷨһǰ
нϿϿս̨Ͽɣҿжˣٶȿ˵ʱӰ˸ЩӰʮս̨ϿշַҲһȺС
ÿһȺеǿߣӦƽʮõ˰ʤսʮټս̨Լս̨Ľ֮ˣȡðʤսһǧˡȺЩϿϿյȺаţһǧ˵ĽÿϱŰʤζʮ˲μսϾսǵӵģÿսܵˣһͳһս
սӣһ˷ҪսٳʤһپֲܽĻ˽٣ôࡣ
̫ˣڶ־Ͳһһ̭ˣڣֱվǵרս̨ȥ֮ˣɲҪٶȿ˵һʱĽ֮ˣ̤˸Եרս̨ϣ̨ǽ֮һҺ񱤵ˣҪЩֻʮҡ
ˣڣЩˣѡһʱǵӪѡһӪǱ̤һս̨ɣʼ˵̼Ӱ˸ÿһһЩڵרս̨ϣȺ֪ǱǹˣֻûȺжѣ˿ֻ̣ǹλѡ
ǱΪֵһĻ̨ģͻȻ䣬̨Һ񱤣˼ˡ
ߣһַ֮ıϢдĿⶢҺ񱤵ս̨һ˲ӵ࣬ζأҡ񱤡ҵĳΪصȻʵһжпԭַƵģΪĴڣҺ񱤣һЩ׼˶켣ȺȥˣΪַɱò˵ܱߡ
˻켣Ⱥи֮ˣеʱЩУ඼
ľ֣ħӭļ룡ʱһħսַ̨㷢롣
ħĵһħʣҲַ΢΢ͷһлڶʱ֤ɻʣվħӪлὫ£ħڡ
ľ繫ӣܼɹӽһῪĵģɹҲ˵˿ƺûз
ǾʶַЦ£Ŀ͸һĨζĺ壬ַͷ΢һԵᣬѵɹ֪ˣ
ߣ̨ս̨ϣһںҲս̨ȡ˰ʤսɹص֮֮ʱսǿ
ַɫһĿһۣ漴ЦѾͷԴˣ
Ϊַ㣬ϾַϷģĿɫħޡ
˾ˣַ˺ɫΪΪǰǿĿһУƣƫƫ׹ŮС
ϲѩˣַǴһĨаЦݣ漴ɹЦ֡ӣллλ룡
漴ַŲһ̨̤ս̨֮ϡ
ȻǺɫļһҪͷˣĿı˪Ůַ㣬⣬ġȺ˵ɹŲҪȻѡ˪ˣ
ľ£ַһЦߵߣƲƲ죬һԽԽåˣһͷţȴҲûַֹվߡ
ּˣַߵЦ£һۣû˵֪ãñ˽ַ㵱ɫħްɡ
̨Ĳˣַǳ˳ۣһȻҵϷ̨λӡ
ֻľ¶һĨζЦ⣬ʣȻҲַ΢΢ͷ
ʶַͷֻˡ
漴е˷룬Ͼַ֮⣬вַֻ̫죬ĺ䶯ǿңҺ񱤣ֻΪˣʹ˶֪
ˣ׷̤ս̨ʱԼĹ


1389 ̨
ϣĿ⻷Ⱥһۣ漴ٴοڵ˵˵ڶֹ򣬶ʮս̨һֲٷս̨ͷսֶֻ̨ʮӪÿһսʮӪÿӪһˣʮˣ̨ͬսս̨ߣ̭̭֮ʱսֹͣһ֣̭ʮһˣ
еĹͷһݣܲпĹһֱ֣̭ʮһˣһ̭ܶࡣ
û˵꣬ʻл˵
ÿһֵĶʮˣ˭֪ԼĶֻ˭Ҳ˵ʼ֮ʱÿһҪһ̤ԥһϢʱ䣬һ뽫һ˽ΪԶ̭ʼڣֵ֪սȫɿһԶʮǿߣĶ棬һзǳǿ֮ˣӹɵģǣҲжֶǿʮˣֻܹʮһ̭֮ǰս̨ϱԡ
һˣһֻ֣һ̤ս̨ԣһжֻܿԼʵûܰ㣬ʵ׶ѡ
Ȼս棬ЩӪþ㿴ս̨жˣ۶٣һֽ̭һ룬һһýʥ֮ΪڶֵĹΣ
˵Ŀ⿴ڻʣĹѾ˵ĺЩ˵Ȼס
ͬ˾ռƺѺҰһ飬ǵһͳ΢ľһĨĸоҺ˾ռֵĻǱÿһս˰һ
ҲͬʿڣΪ̨ԼַĹϵҺ񱤣ƺҲߵĽ
ⲢӰ֣Ҫ˵ֵģӦʼҡ̨Һ˾ռֶԸʼңֶԸ̨
ͬ⣡
ͬ
֮ļλ̵ͷʹǷͬƽӸɭ䡣
ͬ⣡ʱ˵֪Ǽͬ⣬ҪһԸʵء
Ҳͬ⣡ɹľʵͷȺսĻŮǻƵģѡĻЩվǲԸִݻģңɹҲûеһ
ͬɻĵľɾͷУͬŮӶࡣ
ܿ죬½ͷͬڻ֮ԼڶֵĹû˳ͨˡ
ãȻˣλԻصʮȥɣʰźս˳⣬Ҫţħͨս̨ʿڣӰ˸λصڵɽ֮ϣţħϿ֮УϿλãٶȽһͨվ̨ߴףֱǧɣƬضģɶʮս׾١
ַ̨֮һʮ֮һһֱվԣЩûнԼδμڻ֮Լ̨˶ŭĿӣЩ˺ܶ඼İףַ̨ʶҲ࣬ˣǺյͽ
ʦ˴ζʮ̨ͬսҺ񱤵ıɣһξֽɱ̨һΣȻ̨ܻ֣һɷǡһ˵ַüͬһ̨ģǵһͽ˿̾Ȼ˵
ѡ̨ôܻӭַڵɨһ̨ۣ͵츳Ҳˣһأ˲δμڻ֮Լ
̨û㣬һɫ࣡Įɨַ㣬ҲߵĺߣҲҪΣ
ַһͫĮû뵽̨ôŮǵĻǰַ㣬״ӣ鱾ΪӣŮˣȻ˸죬û뵽Ϣ꾹в֮ģЦ
ǰ࣬ʲôһɱһܽĨɱַ˵ɫһɫһ̨˷
ϰȴҪӣһѣַ䣬ûиԷ棬ħޣģΪΪ̨̨ʦͼλʦ֣˲Ůˣɱֻ̨ӣֱĨ
ɫѿĿ⿴ģַǿƱģĶȻǳʹɫ֮˰ɡ
ʦá꺰һ
ɫһ䣬³һɫһѿޱȡ
Һûô죬ص㣡˵Ȼַ溰ģⲻѿĶˡ
ʦü£ѿɫ£Ϸ·𶼳˽ɫ
ַЦ겢ûʲôоݵĽӴֻ
ڶֵڻ֮ԼʼԼڼսȺľ˵һУ˵֮ȴûгȥԼȨûɣʵĿڣַĦȻ̫ϡ
ʦš
ʦǣ
˶׷׹ͷͬ⣬սԼľͳһУԼ
һս֮սһɲȽǿ֮ˣһսȡҲѡû˻Ըֻȡ˭սһľĿ⿴ˣʵ
ȥɡа˵һҳսһԿһΣңзǳǿĶ̨Ҫ̭ܣ
ãսһҲġľ΢΢ͷһսѡааʵҪв̭ȷѡ
ڶս˭ȵһս֮ԣȿΣȷܹڻ֮ԼǣҪľΪ˵˶ͷ͸֮⣬ȡͨ
λ׼𣡡ʱٶȴ漴ֻͨս̨֮ϣҲվԱߣĿ⻷ʮ壬˵ʼսߣһϢʱ¿ɽ壬Ȼ󵽴ͨս̨˵ģΪһȨ
ڣҸλʮϢ׼ʱ䣡
ٶȿڣʮϢʱ䣬˲Ϣȥ˲³֣ʼ
ʮֱԶһϢʱҪӱ˳˭ԲȹֱֻӴɽ̤£֮䣬ʮ˼̤ͬԼڵ壬漴һӰƮ䣬ͨս̨֮ϣʮλ
ءΪ̭˵ͣս֮ʱ˵ˣԶٳ֣ΥߣΪֱ̭Ҳٶȿڣػ̭ͨս̨嫣ʱݲ¶ʮ˵Ĵս
ˣڵһսʼҲл£ڿգոߴ·
ɱһŭȣֻҳһλ۷֮ˣ񱤳һλսʼ˲䣬Ƕͬʱа·Ĭ㣬һĿϢаȥǿʢ
쵰Һ񱤹ȻˣһսǰѾ˵ˣ̨ȺһҪ̨


1390 пŰɱ
Һģստʼ˲ֱа̨˵֮ǰų̂ͨȻǲŵġ
ŭ˻𣬿ռ˺ѣǿʢµѹֱаȴͬʱаĽˣֱӴͷϿգ·շסͬʱʹöԷһͣͬʱֲĻ֮°ͷţ񱤺ǿϡ
аʦֵĻ֮°ذ壬ҵǿ߿ռҲأǿߣƺѹȣѵһսаʦӦûеƣַ㿴ǱսҲһһâ
ս̨Ļ񱤡ңһ˲ֹá˾ռҵˣҲͬṥֹƺЩأҪˣػ߾صĶ֣Ǳˣ⼸ľͲ࣬ûôùŶԡ
𣡡һѪûأа嶼ս̨֮ϵյУǿʹÿռͨأƲϲҪƬռе˺ɱ
аʦ̨֣΢úݣһͷսѪ궼ֱʹóˣǿҵŴռͼף񱤵ǿһͷޱȵսޣ죬ʹսǿʢûأȫɱа
͡ĿǿʢĹâŶһâ˺ѿռ䣬Ⱥһ콣쵽һ˲·ǧֱ仯ͬǰ㣬촫Ƭձѿǽҵǿߡ
£аһ·½˵ϣĶóٻЩ̤ղҪ뿪ȴаٶȿ쵽˼£³һ
һ³֮񱤺ǿߵٶȺƶ
壡
ַһаսӹɣʱս̨Ҳ׷״սû˸֣Ϊ±ԼɱϾթս̨˭š
ʦ֣аʦܲܰȻ˶ľʵʮ̨ͬսܾգ˲֮䣬ʵƫ˱ֱնɱˣ̭֡
ƷƱãȷľȻ˵ܲܽԤϵģֻ˶ԸаĻ֧֣
ˣʱһӰ٣˾ռҵǿʹаսеаһ·ӵУɫѿ
ˣǿŭһȻ䣬һ͵촫Ѫɱ֮Űǿߵ嵱Уʰѩϸ޳ָͬŮӰ㣬˫Ưӱ
㡭Ķʰѩʵŭڴ˿̣ɱȫ汬ǿߵ屻ֱ˺ѵΪ档
ˣʰѩһͬһ㣬˲Ϣʧԭأֱ˾ռҵǿ߶ȥ棬ʥ˸ŵ׹âȴĲ
ߣʰѩɱ˾ռǿߣаѹȻһᣬһǺɱǿߣ˿̣Ķֻʣһˣգɱ
ʰѩʵȻҲôǿˣѹҲܺһ̤УǿսַеʰѩǿĻҲһɱҵˡ
аʦ֣ûˣַɨһս̨˵ʵа˵ȻյĽҲͬԤϵһаˣ񱤵ǿҲˣаɱѽѷ֣˾ռҵǿ߱ʰѩնζʰѩһˣնҺ˾ռλǿߡ
뵽ʼҡҡ˾ռĶԹһսʰѩǳɹĴҺ˾ռһƣһˣն֮ˡ
ڶս˭ȥаľ˵ͷ漴İսʤȺʵ
˳Ƭ̣ս˭֪ԷôƣҸղ񱤺Ҷ̨ΧҲһƵļɵʰѩ֣аΣգղɱааЩС
ȥɣһλ۷֮˿ڵǵһͽеͽַõ˰ʤսҲǳ
ãСģľ΢΢ͷܿ죬Ҳڶսʼǿ漴̤˳ȥƬ֮Ƕʮ˽ս̨֮ϡ
ã˿̣ľ΢¶һƲɫңһλϢƵ󣬺ǿʢ̨ǿߣΣˡ
սֱӷ䣡һ̨ǿߵĶУüֱԼ䳯ȥҲ̫Щ
ɱһŭɫѿվľĻս̨¿ԾȥֻҪ棬Ȩս
䣡̨ǿߵٶȶȻӿ죬ĳŵȥȻȴڴʱдһǿʢĿռ䲨Ƭռ䱻
ƣ̨ǿŭ𣬵ȴǿѪǰһգȻյУֲ˺̨ǿߵ壬ֱ֣ӽƬռ䶼
ǿǱɱ˵ĿĶٵģ̨֮ɫѿʵÿ¡
Ǳע֮£Ľ̨ǿյУӿ̨ȺĿ͸һĨɱ¾֮⡣
նһŭȣ̨֮˲ҽУǿµĿռϵĸ壬ѪƬռ䡣
ɱ̨ǿ߱˲пɱҽϣŰɱ
䣡̨ǿһĿѪ죬͸޾Ŀֲɱ⡣
ܺãһ֣ϣɫɱӣɺޣһûгȥ
̨ʵռƣǵһɱˣ֮ˣľƽǹɱȴΣƮǿߵĶĤ·Ǹܵľϵĺ⣬ǿߵҲ΢΢£漴ƺݺݵһգ̨ǿ屻˺ѵ׵Ĩ
ַڵ΢ЩӲɱ֮Ũȴ˿˿ս̨ʱҲǿ߸ô죿
Һ񱤣һҪ̨֮˵ģʵǿʢһЩǿڣһᶼûУ


1391 ַı
òַ뵽еҲַܿıնɱҵóռҪӶûٶȿ죬ҵĿռֱ֣ܽͺ͸ղλ̨ǿһһɡ
Ŀ⻷Ⱥ漴ַ˵֣ڼս̨
ľкν飡ӦַһЩɻ󣬲ַ֪ʲô
峡սҵıѩ˽Ҫ޷ȥԻϣִΪػһַ˵ʱһǺɫħޣʱŵɻŮˣȻҪñ˱Ůʲôʱѩĳˣ
ãһħʦֳ֣ȷһʧӦ˵Ⱥһһ̫һЩɣ
ʵĹ棬ȷûй涨ܻͨ˵Һ񱤲ҲֱɱַΪһ̶Ҳ㲻Υģħ޹ݣħ˰Ϊ
쵰Ǹ񱤺ңҪģ˵
죡ַȻתϣâ¶ɱţֻо·׹˱ѵС
Ŀ⿴ʺľʦ֣ƺϣʺʦֻͷȴķ֣û
˵ն㣡һɱַͷţϣĶ˵ţио޾裬̨Ӫַ㵱вٶ죬ն
ʦ֣Ŀľȡ
ˣľƽ˵һ꿩һ£ڴʦУĵλһǿħޣ
ַɨһۣ漴ĵŮƬ̣峡ս
Ŀɿڴע֮£ľȻ˵ͷƺַͬĻоԴЩ·ΪʲôĲӦɫħ޲Ŷ
ֲδĪˣ·𱻺ԼľԤϵһҺ񱤳˶ƫ̨У˳ȥսĪǿĨɱҵˣҶƺʹʧһʤսǿߣǾΪƽҴĺܣվҪģֻҪĵЩž͹ˣĪ˳Ľһ֡
ս̨սããгáûą̃ʯ״֮һΪأս£̤ս̨ɺĪһŰɱǿߣն֮ˣΪ̨ã˳һ֡
̨ҡ񱤡˾ռҡʼҵȴ۸ӵһţһߣսҡͬʱɻĸԼѪħײҲǳҡ
սսԤߵǰ׼ȥ̨˶⣬ľôַħޣħ
Ҫ֪񱤡ҡ˾ռҡãǺ͸ַģ˵ҪģˣȴԻǿɱģַẦĵġ
ҵĲһȣĵĽŲ̤˳ȥûıûйƣ̤˳ȥֱս̨ȥ
ģȥ칬ķ򡣡ַĴ˵
áĵͷ彵֮ʱȷڲ칬ǿԣħǿ߿ĵλãҲĿ˿ҡ񱤡˾ռҡãĹһǿϢÿһޱǿʢ˾ǣĹģȫÿһһɼжַ㣬ַϲŮˣǾɱַˣթɲԸŹλᡣ
ʼ֮ʱһ֮죬λͬʱ̤ȥֲѹͨս̨֣ǿµϢϢ
ɱ
óհ壬ƿղֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬㽵ǰԶһɿֲռ֮âֶȥҪŰɱ
Ҳ˵ַϲģƾǰԼ񱤵ĶԹ͸ɱַĿɱ˲Һ񱤵ˡ

һв죬ĵǰһΰΪأһ¿ռ仯ֲ񳱣ֱĨзˣħͬʱ٣ĵǰ
칬ȺĿһ칬ǿߣħҪǿأǴ˿ս̨ǿΪΪǣġ
칬ȻˣŲ칬ٹĪϧַǷǳҪõֵܣַŮˣĿܱɱĪϧǿ߳Ҳ֣а˵ħ޲㺦ģò칬Īϧ飬ǿֱ߳
ܹ뵽ַ㿪ڶ˵ĻҲ˵ĪϧֵܼԵİʾַܷģΪ֪Īϧһ˳ֵġ
ǲ칬ǿŭһɱ֮ŰգλɫѿıʵͲλһλأҪɱģѣû뵽칬һš
һȺҲҪɱҿصŮˣһ֣һȥҪɱҵģϣַڣħƵŲĻƣĻ£һɱͶȻ˵Լһս֡
һҪɱʵǿսʤҪǿ߲УҵĿɱ˼һսͬʱս̨ϷĴսıʮһ˱ȥ򱻻ɱʱɺúõصػţ˳ˡ
ûгֱ֣ӽ
Ļصս̨ʱ̨꣬˺ݺݵĵַ㣬ǲ칬˳ַ֣ĺġ
һսҪʼˣҡ񱤵ȷ򣬷·һҽıţҪɱַ㡣
ҲһȣʱӰ˸ת˲֮䣬һӰս̨֮ϣҡ񱤡˾ռңȫصãҲص֮ǿϢ
ǣ̨򡭡ַ㣡
ǣֻؽ֣
һ̣ҡ񱤵˶΢΢ЩɵˣǺ֣
һȺЦļһ̵ַֻؽŶֱӳ֮ɱ˹ȥһնֻء
̨ĲҲ⣬ΪǶʦ֣ħޣһħ޸ղŶԶʦִöʦֳȥ
һݡ
ǱߵսֲҺλǿֶս˾ռʼɱסʼңҲصǿߣһεݣֲһݡ
ʦֵʵֲأλǿȵֵزֲҺ񱤵ʸҪˣ̨а˿Һ񱤵ȴɫ࣬ǳѿǿߣһżλ


1392 ɱ
һսĽֳҵϸǸű˪ҵλǿߣնˣΪնǿһȭѪϵƣ񱤵ǿѹȵô˵棬̭
λصǿ̭߱ˣǶˣֱҺ񱤵֮һ
ֻ֮ʱľȴûɣЩصĶȺսܻҺ񱤵ǿ󱨸׼˭ս
һɣƽ˵ľͷȥұˡ
ľԤϵһҺ񱤣һһλأΧ˹գһս̨ǻһ˵ĻӦˡ
޷ܶԷôᱻ̭һֱսֳʤ֮սյȴսˣȫ
ȥǰ취ҺһֱΧ̨ѿ磬»в̭ǧס֪УֱӶ棬䣬̭ҲҪסľһβĵ˵̨˶ͷǽѵ
ľ̾һпսⲻҪսҽս˲٣̨ľӢǿߣҲֻʮ˶ѣ̨ĵԣԲ磬̨ۣ⣬˾ռҲ
ľ̾Ϣܿƺ㱻ӡ֤ˣ߳սҺ񱤼ųǿߣ񱤱ءػأ񱤱̨סĳս˶ĺܲңһ񱤵˵˺ѵ
ŰɱѪ죬̨·ڶֵսΪǽԹսǶ¡
̨ϢԵøѹ֣ÿ϶ͷ֮ϢѪŰɱ棬Ǻ޲ȫɱȥҡ񱤴սһ
֮ȫ⣬ұȥնһҪַһâ漴Ŀ⴩͸գң칬Ⱥڵķڵͫͷųһħ֮־
Īϧ漴Ŀַ⳯㿴ַ΢΢ͷ˸ղһ£Ȼַ֪Ҫʲô˳أ黹ûУĪϧַΪħ֪жԣַ㲻ܻµġ
ˣ鱾ʵǿ󣬵ַɻǷĲ£ʾ⡣
飬һսȥַ鴫һ΢΢ͷľ˵һ
Ȼ̨̤Ӫһ̨̣ĶȻһ
أôأ񱤣Ҳصǿߣ̨ǳ鴤Ƿغصǿ⣬Һ񱤵λǿߺ棬ֱ̤һˣغأȴˡ
ǿվģþٶһϢʱ仹ûȥɲ̤Ϊģɱ飡
˲˹ô£ǣΪζ飬Ҫ´ɱ֣ôǿħ̤ȥˣҲ˰ɡ
Һ񱤣һֱڹע飬̤
ѩ磡ľȻҺ񱤱ַ㣬ıڱǵɳѩִ˵еޣֻҪһܹɳģԣҪѩ֮ǰ
飬ȥ칬Ӫ򣬲ֱս̨Ҫˣַ鴫˵Ҫ˵Ⱥ̤ս̨һ̣칬ǿǰҲصǿߣ칬Ψһһλ֮ˣڵǿߣͲ
ǲ칬ⲻ칬ַŮ˵չˣǲ칬ٹĪϧǹȺһĻаγݣÿ¡
ʼҲлµɲǣҵ嶸Ȼʧˣȥͬʱ֮ƮѩҲͬʱʧѩС
¡µĹս̨֮ϣ·ս̨ҡ칬Ųһ̤ɱȥȻص˸սղ̤˲ϢûӰص̤ղͬ˲ư㣬̫ˡ
սַ̨һ칬ǿҲأΪóյԣѵסԷɱ飬Ҫս̨ˣ̫࣬ˡ
ģһȻѩ˲䱻ƣٴʧ¿׹ȥȴֱ̤ղ̤Ͽգɱ˼¡
ɱɱɱŭХһʱƬ޴Ŀռ䱻ɱס޾貶ĿĽɫɱ¿մɱȥƬնռ¿յһУҪɱУ˭⣬飬һҪ
䣡ַ㿴һĻɫ԰ףһɱޱߣһַֻܵоһѹʴǵ壬Ǳ߾յһ̡
ÿֲЩַ̨֮һͷȻ˵Ϣÿ£𣬾ȻΪͷųǿĻɱѵħ޶鶯飿
ʱ飬϶Ȼ䱻ʥ֮⻤壬һ貶ĿʥѩƯͷϿգŨʥ۶ɵѩѩҶ꣬ҪϿյĻ¿ս䡣
ͣʥѩ궼͸ɵֵס˿ռɱƬֻ̣Ƭ̵ʱ䣬أ޾ɱɴ£Ҫɱ飬ƬռһжҪѾأһҪ֮ǰĹ
ˡˣһĿֲۣ޾ɱʥΪ鿴Ͽһۣ漴̨˸
ߣһߣʽŲȻʧϿգͬʱҲǰ
ʣǶʵĿ˵һǿ֣ɱ֡
ʳˣգͱնɱȺֻо඼Ҫǧһ֮ʱ־顣
ʦ𣡡ַе¶ŨŨĸм֮⣬գħҲ΢΢ЩҡϵĹħգͷҲů黹ûнʣȻҪ֡
Źˣ͸Į˵
۾Ѿأ̭ˣȻ̭ˣΪβ֣ܳΥ˹򣡡ʣƽ˵
Υ˱ΥˣʣҪڻ֮Լ𣡡վ˳·һձַľٶγɡ
ãܺãǶ˱˱ҰͽַģҪֶͬζԸ𣡡¶ŭݡ
ʺҲ𻰣Ϣǿʢ
ʡʣǹˣûΥŮȷأѾ̭ʳ־Υ棡ʱһʺĿ΢漴ʵߣһŮӣȻǣɹʣ


1393 ַ㷢ŭ
ַ㿴ʳ֣ĿⲻɵóԶͶȥֻƺһԹ֮⣬ȴַ΢ůɹ׷ǹʣ˵ʲôϵĻ϶ڰ
ĻʶţַϺϧ棬ǰһĻʵεƣ·ְ㣬һʦ̬ǿӲ࣬ȻǲصޣȻַ²⣬ʦûΪ֪ľʦֻЩʲô
ʳ֣Υ棬ڻ֮Լʱʲˣʱ˾ʽ٣ʲ磬ѹȡ
ÿЦĻʳֱΥ棬ڸʲôǲ𣿡һʼʽգʡʲ磬ƺǣԽԽˡ
ʡ˾ջʣʣڻ֮Լ֮ĿãµһֱЩ֮£ڿ̸ʲôǲһֱù©ⶫĹȻءʼʷ˵ѹȣҪɱһλŮǺ棡
ΧȺɫøľʶʣڻ֮ԼѵҪܻڻ֮սɣ
һҪɱأ˵
ұ֤Һ̨ͬ𣡡ĿĮȴ˸оһƷͷ̨֣ңͬƣ
ʶʵĿ͸֮⣬˻ľڻʣλʣͬΪλʣв࣬ʯʳɻ֮ʱ伣ٳ߶ȵǳ֮ΪѾǳȹˣǰʴսһûռκαˡ
ʯʣںɵ֣ڰ˻Ĳûжôҫۣɻ֮ȴ¶˷ֱ̨ʽյһͽ˻ڻʱ㶼ףʯѾһЩֱ˻ˡ
вң䣬·һȣҪĻն̨ˣȴ޷赲նҵˡ
вҡ䵭Ӧ˵ײ˫Ŀ֮նڿҸ
̨ãܺáʻתЦ͸޼ɵ֮⣬·ûн̨
ߣ˾ʺҲ˸صԼڵɽûȥ飬ַ΢˿ȴһѹ֮ϢƺΪʵĲЦڻ֮䣬֪Ļҡ˾ռһʼҵǷҪҪǿһЩģ
ʣλʣҵңܿλʴڡľַ㴫˵ַɫһѹ֣ѹ˲ˣȻλʴڡ
ʯһֱ֣ѵȥ׷Ѱλ֮·ַɫһڰ˻ľʶλʣܵһλʣ˵ĵҪΪλ̸ף֮һʱ㿪ΪһһʱԤ˿ܻΪλʣλʣǣԤɻ;زۣĨɱɳԤֻ츳ѣܳɳһ
Щλִ֪ǷڣܺλʿģҲֻв칬ϻˣ칬ϻλʣƾ츳Ҳܹλʿһ
ľٶ˵һַףѹϻ޿쵽ˣû˸Ҷ칬ԭǻϻλʣϧĺûгһϻһˣһʼ塣
ʱַŲ΢΢̤£Ҫǰ鱧סȻ뵽˿ԼݣӲĽŲֹסȴһЦַ㣬ûµģ
ڻ֮Լҡ񱤡˾ռңҼһɱһַڵ͸ޱǿҵɱ⣬ͷҵȥ˵пʼ֮һϢʱ䣬˴˴εĽѵҪ̤ȥˣһϢʱĩβ̤ɡ
ľַĻתˣ˵˵ûεĽѵҺúüȡ
ǡ˶׷׵ͷĿ͸źâղϷһУԼ֮ǰһδβɱڻ֮ԼĲпᣬɱն֮ˡ
ˣһ˭ȥսľĿ⿴Ⱥʵʼ׼һֵսˡ
ַߵߣ΢΢壬¶һ˿ůɫַ㣬ںԼģ֪ղΣյʱַһסˡ
ȥˣһΪʵģ΢΢ַ֣˵ַͷ͸ż֮ɫһģɻʣҡ񱤣˾ռңҲ㣡
ʼҺɹΰԺлԽύħ
ļսҺΧ̨˾ռҺʼײһҺҲͬղһսǵѾľˡ
ַĿһֱڶҵķλкâ˸ҵʶĲ֪࣬ʥ뽿ӢһΣҪӢ𣡡
ַһֵĿ겻ΪɱʥֵܣʵϵѪ
˵ʮսʱսǰңÿһֶ˿ȺѾս𣬼Щ޶Թ֮䣬ɱҵˣҾҪɱȥģʼɱ¾ͨս̨·ֶʬǣЩʬǵˣҲˡ
һսȥ̨һλǿ߶ľڵľ΢΢ͷкʼ֮ʱһӰ˸˵ȵһϢĩβ֮ʱŲҪ̤ȥȴһȻǰ̤˳ȥ
ľ磡̨ɫһֻͣľ̤˳ȥֱս̨ħ͸ɱ֮⡣
ã֮˿ַͻȻսɵɫһѾһϢųȥľ磬һϢʱ佫ҪȥʱҪɱ
ʼս̨ǧжһɫѿôһʮ֮һһǰĹս̨
վս̨ϣħַ㣬͸ŨŨĲġ
ʼҲл£ַĿⶸȻ䳯صǿȥħ־ȫͫ׵Уɱ޾
䡢ɱһŭħ־ͬʱ٣ɫҲӣᡣ
ɱɱɱַɱ³˲Уǿͫףַ壬ǳ
ˣ񱤵ǿߵս̨֮ϣ̤ս̨һ̣Ųûüһ£ͱɱ֮ò
Ҳʣŭһ漴ս̨̤ȥ
񣡡ַŭһת漴һ˫޾ħ֮ͫף˲ҪݽУħ֮־ᴩԴ
䣡֮ӣַ̤˲併٣Ĺħ⳯ѹȶȥϢ
𣬽̤ղҪ뿪
֣漴ħѹȵǰȻתȴַ嶼·Ӵһֻµħֽס


1394 ͬ
ǰַʹõʹ֮ԼƾǿĿռԼεãһ֮䣬ƽֵ棬֮ͬܣȴ棬ȵҪƿյʱѾַס
ôʹõֶмƣĿɫлһЩˣоֶƣ뵽һֶͨΣƿؿռҲʹãǱҲȻľɱԶһֶͨθǵע⡣
ʱӣ·Ҫı֮ǣûκεѪɫӿ޾ľ֮⣬ʲôвһ˿̵ַǰƺӡ֤˵ĲڼǿʵĴ
̫ľ̫ǿƣȺɫ΢΢ʮ֮һӢϴ
Ӣʥַʼնɱˣ뽿ַ°߲֪ҲҪˣӢҪûһʣ
ַ㽫ڿУŲһ̤ͷڵֱϣһ̣ҵȺһɫѿ˼£Ķַ
նַŭһʱռ˺һֱۣҵĽѪ졣
նַٺȣһֱб˺ѣѪӿ䡣
ϣһŭ·޲ýַʬΣڻ֮Լǲֱӳ־ˣʾˣΪ鵱ʱѾ̭ȴûлأֱӱץסŰɱͺǸղŰɱ̨һ
ҿصŮǶҶҷģڽսУòҪϣ򣬼һŰɱһħҡϣ·ħӰַ֣ڵͫ׷ޱߣ޷졣
ն
ɱңϳһѪۣѪ죬֮ʴ塣
ɱɱɱҲηȥҲˡ
Ҫҳȫ㡣ַͫױĿûκεУɱҵˣаοҵҪļˡ
͡͡ǧиϣַɿ͵̤ϣʱ峯ķȥѪͣķ
һŭȣ·ǧУޱҡ
ħľ磬ķӣħͷɳһǸµħҲȺֻо𺳣ʶַеľַ츳ٷҲ᲻мһˣƫƫħ츳ǿһħͷ޷죬ûʲô˼η壬ʲô͸ʲôħſ£һΪħʣһħ˸ҶŮˣǲǻɱ¾¡
ûбҪҪħޣַ̨ûгԹаһ˵츳ǿһĳ̶ȣܹλɵ֮ĵģֳַսħ֮־ɻʣʱ²һĻʣˣûбҪַ㽻񣬵Ȼҡ񱤵Ⱥַгļλʶԣǿ¾Ҫַˡ
ɱַĿֱӴϣڵ͸Ӳ֮⣬˭ŮˣҪɱңֻҪһŰɱһ
ǧе˶ַ㣬ɱ̹ǣҪھͳַ֣ն
ĸңǧе³һ֮
Һڴ֮֮һɱһַ¶ѪЦ漴˸ս̨϶ȥɱ񱤵ֻ˲ĹȻնʱҲս̨ϵսɻڳ
ʼ֮˺˾ռҵڴսַŲһ̤ս˫ȥ
ʼǿߺ˾ռҵǿΪ۷壬ַ˾ռҵǿɫӲ֪ħһǳģղ˾վһߣѹϲŮˡ
ߣַ˫ȭɱɱ¾ħȭأ·Ҫռ嶼뵽档
˾ռǿ߷һƣըѣȻַ󲽳ǰһȭȭɱ·ܹӣ࣬ǲ
䣡ؿڱ˾ռҵǿ¶֮ɫ˿˿Ķַ㡣
˾ռңŹ㣡Ѫ˵
һҲַ࣡Į˵һȭ˳ȥԴըѵն
ַĿ⳯˾ռҵǿڵɽ֮ϣ˾ռȺĵǸղŵĴۣ
Ȼַָģ˾վʺһߣҪѹɱ顣
ַĿֿʼҷ˵лǰղų־Ԯ⣬˾ռֶԸʼҡֶԸ̨ʼңβ̨֣ͬУ
̨ҡ񱤣ǲݵľ棬Һ˾ռҵͬ˹ϵǽ˾ռҲ̨Ķ棬̨ھԵƣȷҪѣʼңһܺõѡΪʼҺ̨ľơ
ΪΣʻʵһЦĿ̨
ʻʵͷ̨ԸʼҲ硣ʺЦ˵˵˾ռҿֹܲһʣֺֹ̨һʣʯһֱ̨ң̨Ҳδ񱤷УһǧǰķʴʲôɾͣʯᳬԽģ⣬̨ʮؽٳλʣ
ʵ͸ǿţ̨ǴƣֻҪ̨ʱ䣬ʮ̡꣬
ʡ̨ҺѹȣڷԼŰ˻ڻʵ棬Σ·Ҫ¶ɣ
΢ЩʣţѵʯشͻƲɣ
ʯ˶ݵʱ̤λʣǫ̂ܵ
ãҲڴ̨δʼңԸ̨Я֣ʼЦʺɫÿʺ񱤵ˣʣŰ˻ڻʵ棬أ
񱤵һǵĸʱʣ񱤡
˿̣վս̨֮ϵַĿ⻺תħڵķ򣬻˵ħʡ
ħԸվ֮ͬϣҳħؼסħַ֮ƽĿһַ㣬ȻҪħ̨ʼҵ֮ͬС
ħҲΪȣַ㣬δش𣬹Żƣףѩ̿ѣַħɣòˣַһ֮Ļ㲻ͬˣַס
ɷžһۣħʳƬ˵ַħͬѰ
ҳɻʣħϣԲǰʧַƽԴгһɻʣҲںһħˣ͸ħΣ
ãħӴʼҡ̨ͬģħЦһ̣ʡʵˣɫѿ


1395 һĻ
ʼҡ̨ħȫܹҡ˾ռԼͬ˿ˣȻûԤϵľܹ£γͬˣһ̨֣ʼҲڴˡ
κεطٲ˻ľڻ֮ԼʵЩڲģ˭ܹЦ
ľǣҡ˾ռҺ񱤵ɫѿĶͨս̨ϵַ㣬û뵽һصħޣıƣַ㽫ħ£ͬˣʼȻΪ˵ģǿʢһ֣ҵռʲôˡ
ģɻ̨Һ񱤶̨ѹĿã̫ˣץסŰɱȥ̨ⲻ˱Űɱַ㽫̨һŰɱľ㲻ᾭˡ
ַĿɨ칬ϻ޽ĪϧѾͷ۵ˣܽڲȵĲ칬þĪϧڷǳΣյľأɽԳȻڣǻɽæŶԿʵ
ɹɻѾһΣûʲôҪΪʲôϾֻɹʥŮŮʣħħžȥɹʲô˽ס
ȻַԹžΪħͬ˵УʵڱһЩ˵ɻ֮գŷħζڳɻ֮ǰħʣҪУˣԼȻЧˣԺкôģϾڰ˻ģͲòʡʵһЩֶΡ
֣ԸЭʵĿ⳯÷ȥõʿһۣЦŵұ㲻ˮˣ
Ѿ㹻ˣܻܿȼֲĴսħΪ˹ž޷õʲôֵüȥֵã׼õ˲Ҫַ̨ˣЩˣв޷԰Ρ
Ҳò˼һ̨ͬ˵̨ɲֻһλʣʯأ̨δ»ʣһɷǳǱ
Цŵ˵ͷȴǷǳãʾܾȻԸҲ뵽ˣҲֵһԹϷ֮
ʱͨս̨֮ϣսѾһ֣񱤡ҡ˾ռңĵӣַһĨɱҵӵ񣬱ַŰɱ̵һ֮ħڵڶֵսУֺݺݵ˦һ⣬ͬʱٳͬˣҡ˾ռҺ
ַص̨ڵɽ֮ʱ̨˿ַ㶼¶ɫò˵ַһ̨ǳ£ЩַϷԼĵ˶ַĺⶼ΢ЩΨ꣬ɫԽѿ
ϳսʼҺħûַʧ̤ս̨֮ʱֱ̨ǿ߻ۣγ֮ͬƣԿҵ˵һǿһˣһֻҪܹ΢ֿסԷĹƬ̣Ҳ㹻˷սԶȨˣ̫ǿʱΪ˱סȨɳܣֻԼǿ󲻶ʱȴǿԾȫһսģԼǱսܣܹúôΣͷǱŷԽ硣
ת֮䣬̨սĽӽβŰɱʱ̨˲̫ǿг˼⻯ΪϢ죬ޱȡ
񱤣һоˣһĹ⹦ĹȫˣǶӵп羳ǿսע⵽ûУ̨һս֮ɻˣҪսʱľعʵ
ˣһ˵ľֻ۷壬ǿˣأʵˣа΢΢ͷȷоŸΪ͵ڻ֮ԼһֵʱǶ͵͵Ӷ˰ʤսֻһֹ̨ս̨ϣҪɱ顣
ַ㵱ȻҲע⵽ˣһɱ˶棬ܲעô
ӦľԺˣڽսеĻֱ䣬սʤĨɱľƽȴ͸һƺ⣬ʴȣԵˣΨնɱŲвǳɳǶ̨Ĳ̡
ʦ˵û˶ĺǿˣɱ֮ʱ׺ݣеĻԲҪǿҪס֮ǻԲμڻ֮ԼʱǣԶһ棬Ӱ˻ˣɱնͬĮ˵ɱǿңɱҶ񱤣־ļ͡
˶׷׵ͷľͺֵѼסľ˵Ҳ׸
ҵǧ㣬۷ˣ޵ǧе׵ܵܣҲСĶӣҪСġľص˷սǿɱս
ӣַ֮ͫһâɱˣնҲû˽ǣɱǧ㣬ӣ㹻ʷɡ
ǧ㲻ʡ͵ĵƣ۷壬̤棬ǳԣѪ϶ͨӵܶ࣬ǰʲô㡣
ǧкǧ㣬ȻӡַĿľʦƺ֪ӦΪزŶԡ
ɱǧ㣬ʻ᲻ᷢ衢Ƕ֡һ
ᣬղž飬ȷڹ£ڻ֮ԼǷǳԼģӱնҲʲôʲӲܣΪľǳ϶˵
ʼռסʵǿΨһĿģʵǿˣҪʦסгһ̤ʣ˻֮˭ܶǣҪǣʲô£ڻ֮ԼսֻΪһĿ꣬
ľˣ̨˳ĬŵͷҸţǿʢôгһգ̨ǳλʡλʡλʣʱ̨ǰƱҪȫˡ
ȺĿٶͶս̨˿ս̨ʮˣζѾа˹ûˣʮʣҲ࣬ܿһս
˿̨ˣȫԹ̬Ŀһսįһǧˣ̭һ롣
ʮУǳ˼ģľսһڤֳսѾ𣬶࣬ʵǿн衢˾ڣ
ַľĻͷʦֵ۾ܶ츳£Ȼڤ̤ڰ˲㣬˾Ҳ߲㣬֪Ǻûнڰ˲棬ڣڣ͵ϲˣ
֪мܹһļλʮ⣡ľһ̨пһ£һʮ˼įɻʣ¼ˣڲμڻ֮ԼȺ棬̨ô
ײңԽ̭棬ʣµԽǿ


1396 㽫սп
ڻ֮Լûй̶Ĺ򣬹˶ֻҪڻʴͬɣ˴ƶģΪʡ
ڶֽʿʣ߰˰˵ǿݣӽķڶֹս˻ҡ˾ռҡ̨ʼҡħˣȷѪꡣ
ȻʵԽսԽ£ƺˣôǱ̼ģΣĿ⻷ˣ
ڻʴʵбܹܵ˿ʵķâƺʣҪ¶ɣɡ
ֱ˵ɣʻĮ˵һ˵˭ʹʣʼʺĪˣѩ¹ʱʺ˾ֽɱʻʣգһֱ˵֮ʱʹĴӦˣΪҲҪ̨
㽫սɨˣ˵һֵˣͽߺ٣ǵͽߣҲмǿսģ̨ľ磬ԣеĵͽߺнߣʵԻΪһλ԰ɣ
ߣַЦʾԼȷԣȻͽ׶֣ȫս޹أнûʲô
ڻʳĬҲĬʵĻ֪νĵ㽫սʲôս
߽߲߽ͬ߿һΣغصǶϵͽ߻ءصˣ̫ˣǻһ𣬱Ͳ׵ˣڻ֮Լ֣͵һһ˻Ϊ󼶱𣬵ͽߺнһ࣬һֿ࣬սɣ
ʶʵȻͬģÿһʣаĵнΪȥսԼҲңвŻᶨ򣬷Ա̫ǿһɱ
˵˵㽫һһսֻܵ㽫⣬㽫㵽սͱҪսֱȨһҪ̤ս̨Ϊܣ˶һӵһε㽫ᣬһս̭һˣֱ̭һֽλΪΣ
ţ͸һĨǿ֮磬㽫㵽սͱսȨУһҪս̨
ôоҪľһ뷨ľڵڶǳ׼ŭʣûн˻ֵһѾЩΪҲ£Ǻֵ㽫ǧô죬ԣﻮֵһȥ
нߺ͵ͽУҡ񱤡˾ռңôǿߣɱһľ磬սҪ㽫㵽ľսͱҪսľ磬ȴֻһε㽫Ļᣬֻѡһˡ
ң̨ռƣ㽫Ҫռơ
ߣַЦʣ
㽫ɣ˵ңţַâη㽫֪ҡ˾ռҺ񱤣зǳнߣ񱤵ľŸУнռˣǿʢڵһֺսˣֻںġ
㽫սû⣬ǣ˳ΣҪô㣡ʻٴοʵԵ㽫Ȼʼ֮һʵҲͬţʰѩˣǳսⲻнǿߣһսµ㽫ս
ʱʻʣϣַǿһЩźã˵˭Ե㽫ַ㣬ֻҪַ㹻ǿ˭ɱȫһĻʼҵѹͻɶˣ࣬ڣĲġ
ȻΪש漴Զķλתε㽫Ȼÿһһֻսһˣһ֣ٳڶ˵㽫ƽ˵ķλתȣ̨ڵķλڱ
ש˵ĵǺһÿһֻܳһˣȻһһ㲻ͬһϳ˳ս˵˭˭󣬵û̫⣬ֻ̨ƺҪԿЩһ㽫Щ㽫ĻᶼûоҪնɱʵĹ̨Կ
վڶλą́λ˵ҲҲ©
ܲĹ򡣡˾ͬģȻ漴ڻ½Լ඼ͬģһֵսһָпᣬ㽫սӶӲҪĻ͵㽫նɱ㡣
ͬ⣡ɺƽ㽫սɣ̨˲еޣǶֲпɱٲпϷ򣬶˶Զǹƽģֲпᣬ޷ĻԻͣԶǣʯδʬĳɾ͡
ʶûֵĹζŶ£㽫սֱֻʣ˲ս⽫һǳ־õսһս̭һˣ߰˰ˣҪİս̭һپս̭һ룬ٵζһٳսҪУÿˣֻε㽫Ļᡣ
ȻʶͬĻǱҿʼɣһսУȥɣʶһ˵΢΢ͷŲһ磬̤ս̨Ŀʱһһսѡսˣһǿؾ磬֮ǰȺעսղѾһּǿʢĵزʵǳ¡
û뵽ѡĵһˣһǿߡ
Ҫ˭аֻеĿ˲̨Ⱥڷָָ̨һλ
̨ɫѿΪأó֮֮壬ǳǿʢ֪ҵˣóռƣԷղ뻯Էսң֪ԼʵͶԷҲЩࡣ
㲻УҪսŲһ̨̤ս̨
̤͡͡͡ս̨ɲǣսĬϿʼжȻһɿֲռ籩漴˵ƻһӰӣĴеӰշ
ɱȥս̨һ֮ɫֻ֮䣬Ȼռ籩֡
ƣŭһķĺأϷ·˽ɫɫףûһֲޱȵ󸫣Ҫա
ֲĿռͼϿճ֣˿ߴϿմ䣬ǧ˿ƣεǡ
շ籩շѹбȵձңɱŽ̨֮֮ǿߵ塣
ˣ̨ȺɫӲǳѿǿļеһλˣѪǿշ籩ͬʱţֻ̨бշѹķݣ޷ֿԷ
𣡡ŭХ֮Ѫһͷţûã˫ʵвģ֮˵սżģܿ£̨Ѿ㹻ǿڵһɱΧȡðʤսһ֣ɱ˺ѣ˶Էϡ
ңڵ㽫һս͸̨һ
̨³пᡢĲпᣬǿʳۿԼʦֵԼǰʵҲֽ֣
ַīޱߣϢƽѾӦпķҪģɱ֮ˣ


1397 ̫
ɱ̨֮Ŀң̨кпֲɱ֮ȥ̨˶ܵһǿҵɱ֮⡣
漴ڿն𣬻عϣ˫ݣʵ˵
ҹֵ˾ռ壬һΣ˾ռ̤ͬһλصˣ㽫ֱָָ̨ս̨һ̨һλλءһλأҡ˾ռң׼Ƚ̨̨Ըǵ
̨Ҫˣʺ˾ӦѾˣȫжԸ̨ڻ֮ԼϽһĨҺ˾ռĬ˵ʺ˾ûöš
̨˴˿ȻҲҺ˾ռҵĴ㣬̤֮ľȺ˵˴ڻ֮Լ̨ߵ˲࣬ǧססԼ֮лᣬңò˰̨꣬ģ
ɫΪأľĻһ̨Ҫߵ̫ˣҪ磬֮¾磬ѹסԷ˲лᡣ
Ȼһսûг⣬̨ĵڶλûս̭ǱȻģ˾ռҵǰؾ磬̨ؾ磬ʵЩ̨࣬ˣ඼нһ硣
֮ʼҡʰѩսսĶһλн֮ˣΪһλǿߣʰѩΪȻ۷壬ɱ塢ɱ֮£ɱ֮ǿһɱ塢ٶȰ塢ռ壬ڿռϲҵֶΣԷͨս̨ϣ̭֡
ţ֮Ĳģûв͵ҵҲòǶԺܺá
칬սʱѡҲ֮ˣԷƺ˾Īϧǲڤ壬Ȼҽ;ĪϧսĪϧ˺Լ壬ͬʱĪϧڤֺ֮䱬˶ԷԴ֮Ʒٵĸա֮壬ƿ廹ǿ
ʰѩĪϧ֮ħսսҵˣҷǳǿƵնɱһҵн֮ˡ
ңнȺˡһˣһ˱̨̭ҡ
¶Ȥɫҵˣɫѿ˶ܹǾǫ̈̄ʱ̨Ҳң̨̨ʼԼħͬҵģΧˣʼҺħȻ̨ܾҪһΧңңΧҵн֮ˣϾֻ̨ʣҲսˣɱнߡ
֮ɹ˳ս֮ʱʥŮսѡĶ֣ңнߣս֡Ĩɱ
ɽԳɳսԳŸӣָҵ˽һȺ˸ӣ޵ɱΪֵܣֵֶӣɱˣԲַ㡣
ս֣ԳеͨһнѪ£Ĺͷղӵˣ˵֮ϡ
ֵ񱤳սʱңѾˣֽ̭Ҹδ뵽ģȥҪ̨֮ǰɾ
ȥնʱ̫̤ǰһǿʢеȻַָ㡣
ȥɣոһЩ̫ӿ˵ȣΪǿʢľȻޱȣʵӹɣǿɱ¾ħȭޱȣҸղնɱʱħҪµĿռ̫ӣҲԸħޡ
̫ӣΪأַ㾳ߺܶ࣬Ѫǿʢӵְذ壬ټ꣬صɱԸַ㣬о԰գ̫ӣǱǿˣɱض׾٣ɱħޣҪ̫ӳ֡
ȥɱ̫ӽŲһ̤Ѿ񱤵Ӫ̤ͨս̨ǿɫһͣһ
ߵԸֲǲ֪ղǾ仰ɼŭҪǿϲħľ磬ңڵһսʱ߾ͺħй棬նħ֤Լ̫ƽ˵̫ӿЦоľûô򵥡
ʣο̫Ŀ⿴ʣʵһֱûзԼ
ľֻǴӸղűֳսСʵ൱ǣľʵֹڴˣСӦûܣܣҲǶһִԱûģңܹǿľսΣ
ƽ˵ľʵֳսԣսµܹоԵշѹַǿսǻܹһλʮʤ̫ӣһܹ㣬ǣľʵֹܿܲڴˡ
ӣҪĥһ£ûֹ̫ս̨ܸľҲãܳ
̫̤ս̨֮ʱĿֱַ̨㣬ŭȵľ磬ն㣡
ַѵȴսˣǹ۲쵽񱤾֮һҪɱ飬սǳǿ֮ǰֳսȷζԷ
䣡һ̤·ŭХ֮·ᴩ嵱УַڣħֻǴϢܹշѹصˣֱ׷ء
𡭡һŭХ̫ӵ·ХֹȺĿһͷͷõӰ̫ӵϣһɿµ֮⣬·㡣
񱤣Ŵƣλн䣬λǳǿȺ̫ӣаÿһԼ񱤵ƣǾˣǰս˶ܹ
ַܹ֮𺳣ΪΪ̫ͣͣսΪ͵ˣ۷壬ԵøģַܹģʲŻƶֵֹ̫ӣнǿˡ
սľ磬ɻܣ
һսӦûǳʣҲԿľ۷սжôǿⱻΪߵħޣǰ¶棬һ֣ڻ֮Լֳ˴ķ粨أ
ȺţľЮƣ̤̫ӣ̫ӵ죬һͷҡϣ壬ͬʱĻŷޱߵףĶǣޱߵС

𡢺𡭡Ȼ䣬ǻַ̤ٶȶȻ伤̫ͫ͵һһħ֮ͷ·Ҫͬʱһ֮ϣ֮ӿµ˫ͫ·һ˲䱬ħ־һħħħԴңһɾ֮ᴩ壬ħ֡
һɲǣڵУħ֮ħЯֲħ֮־ħַһȣһ˲䱬һ̫ҪĸоΨַܹеĸоÿһֵ޷ᵽġ
ɫң̫֪͹ַ㣬˶ɵ͹һ˲䱬ħ˳Ҫ˾˻ֵĻᡣ
ַɱ¾ħȭˣһ̲Ǵɱ¾ħȭƣ벻壬ʮβ·мʮȭƲһ俪ħȭ
䣡϶Ȼͷųһɿ֮к̺һûֱַ㣬·оСߴ˿̵ľһֱľ


1398 ڡ
ɱһŭХ·ǹɾӵ೤Ⱥַֻļʮɱ¾ħȭ۳ħӣҪᴩƬա
𡢺𡭡̫Ӿķ˻֮ԴҲȭƿգȻɱ¾ħȭֱӴ͸ֱۣըѿ漴¡һ죬ɱ¾ħȭ̫Դϣ̫ӵԴֱըѶȫʬ
ȥַһ̫߳ӵʬ峯񱤵ķ˹ȥͬʸ㷢Х
һȭɱȺ𺳵ĿǰһĻвҡԼ˾ռҵˣֻоͷ΢Щ£ľȻʵղһʵ֮ʱԶܹܵǹ˾ħѹ̫֮ϢѪǿʢսӹģ˲Ÿս̨սַ㣬ǣֻһȭǿƺɱˡ
̫ӸûüͷԼǿսͱɱûлᣬľħһս̨Ǿշѹɱһȭ̫ӣĲԩľ磬ǿȫսû֪ľľжǿЩʮеһЩﶼһصɴѿ͸ͻȻ֣ͻȻħޡ
ⲻַ㣬ַҲľһĬĬţȴ·ͻȻð˻ģȻľյַ㣬裬ʵɣɱʵá
񱤵˿̫ӳΪһͷʬǰʱɫҪѿжѿһֱƽҲ¶ķŭնƲ
СߣҶԲס㣡ʿŵʬ壬̾ϢС߲ӣӣС߷ǳҪǿλõһҲŬղ̤˳ȥҪսʤľ磬նɱľ֤ԼΪС߼սҲԱȴû뵽ܵ˳ףֱӺɱֻһȭ
ʣһնɱ̫˫ȭ죬񱤾λ̫ӣڱһ϶ھԵľӢȫܹԽսƽһ𴳵һд衢սҲ໥ʱȡ˹֮ʱ緢Ҫڻ֮Լ¶ԼķâȻû뵽ô죬̫ӱնɱ
һһն̫ӱµľ磬̫ǿĴڣ۷壬Ϊ;ֻһ֮ңɱصǿߣľսԽصھʮ޾֮ʱصǵĶ֣ͨأһɱ
˵ӺޱȣʱַѾ뿪ս̨ص̨ûκεС
񱤺棬вֵɽʱ򣬸ս̨ڵ̿ĸоƺЩЦòļһﾹʮе֮һԤ߸ԤԷǳʮڱسɻʣʮڣʮ꣬Ҳʮֻ꣬Ҫڵ츳ˣʮܳɻʣһǳݵʱˡ
ֻһŬ죬漴ָָָҵķ򣬶һнǿߵ㣬㡭Ҫˣɣ
һλǿշָڵָָɵ¶һŭɫ͸òԩ޳ɣ˵ϵãʲô۸
̨һУκԸɽĸھȻս
ҵҲһĿⶢŸڣɫһΪҲѡң
ʲô֪ʲôٷ𣡡ڿҵ˶ʱȵ
޳ܵĻҵɫҲ۾Ҳʲôɽʲôʱ̨нˣ
ڣң㲻к³ҵǿ߽ս̨֮ϣ˵
ˣ£ǿʵ
΢΢鴤ǵ㽫սڵģˣ
ʲô˼Į˵ֻڵĽŲ߽ɫԵøĿ࣬ƺư㡣
Ҫʣܲܰս˵һɫһ漴عͷķȥ
Сģϣһ֮ǿ߶ȻһһɼΣյĸоͻȻ٣ûκεԥղ̤Ҫܿ
䣡һɿޱȵĻ涸Ȼͷţħ·ѾһͻȻ䱬ը˲
ŭ𣬷˲䱻һɿµĺɫ򸶺ڵɫֻѾ˺Զ¶޹ɫ
ս̨ϣˣҵĻҲţЩͬ˵˷˻ںɫĻнʧ̫ԩˡ
ڡڡ˶ͷ΢΢ĨһȻڣѹƤҲôڣ涼·ɺɫˣղŸڵٶȣٶȰ壬ÿ죬ǰ֪帶ڻƿٶȰ壬òƺԸûʲô䣬Ϊһʵ̫͵ˣ͵㲻ע⾹ȻֲᷢĴڣ
ˣ˽ĿͶңֻҵɫҲ͸һˣҵ̭ˣĸ֮ˣһȦսûнȻ̭ˣò˵սҵҪ֪ܶһ˶ûʧ
ŽǵһȦսѣһȦ
ɫĻ棡ַüͷ΢˼ħϢ
ļսɺܼңųֱ̨̂սʱ˵Ŀⶼ̨򣬲̨֪˭ս
Χ̨̨̭λһһˣһȥˡһս˵һ̨֣ͬˣռ˾޴ƣңһս̨лɱһˡ
ȥѡһ൱սñǿһЩȥս˲ɳܡľ̨һλͽ˵£漴΢΢ͷ״ʦֵ˼ڻ֮Լ̨ϣսһɣѡǿһЩģҲһսеõһЩô
ʦ֣ڱпܻᱻնɱˣ̭¾ӢǿߣȥԿΧˣ֮ÿһ˶лսģľӢǿ߲ؼųȥսɱ˵Ļᣬ㲻ȥɱҲ˻㽫㵽ϣַ㡣
˿̨һڵ̤ս̨ʱ˲̨˼̨սΪ̨ͬΪ˱ʧһЩ˱ɱ̨뿪ս̨ͬ˻ᣬ¾Ӣƴɱ㽫
һսľķԸ㽫һǿսսһܾ֮ˣս̨ȴû̫źľĽпǱɱ
ߣҵĿą̂ʣ¶ʮûб̭λʮλ֮£


1399 
һΣֵˡ
˸ľΪɲ⣬أһûнԼȫͷţʣһ͸ԣǧʵǿΪ͸ľ磬ɻй˼ɣڶõУлɻʵĲ࣬ǧһ޵ֻһɳɻʡ
ǧҲһСĶӣ츳һ㲻׷һЩֳǧˣվǧе󣬲ϲԣΪأսֲ
һսЩԥǧȥԸ̨ǧ֣ǧ֣Ƕľ
ֻ̨ʣλˣһǿߣһصĺ֣׶Ըġ
ȥɱһ˻ǧ㵭˵һŲ̤ͨս̨漴ָָ̨һλн֮ˣûе㽫ַ㡣
ַһǧӣǧе׵ܣʵ֮ǿӹɣصصս㽫֮˲̫ǿ󣬿Ӷˣңǧվ㽫һֵĵ㽫սУûе㽫Ļᣬƺڵַ㽫
ʵҲͬһ̨н䱻ǧնɱˣ̨ʣʮˡ
˾ռ壬һλǿ߳սҲն̨һλнǿߣ̨ʣʮˡ
ҵı̨֮òȥֵʼħսʱ򣬷ֱǿննɱλн䣬ţ칬һˣɽûңϾɽҪʵԿ
һּһδһ֣ңѾоλн䱻̭ˣʣµֻͬ࣬жʮˣˣнʮˣ̨Ҫ٣Σһ̨ҡ
ֵ񱤵ʱʣûʣ̫еȥɱľ磬̫ӳ֣ԸģȻУȫˣͨս̨·̨̭ʣʮˡ
ɽûٳһڣ̨ȴһһֻ̭ʣʮˣԽԽ٣ڶȦս
ңһֺһ־ƣûκεı仯ңʼҡħ칬һңҡ˾ռҡһ̨ټ̨Լ͵һˣսȦʣʮˡ̨ʣʮˣ
ֿսʱٿ̨ķȴĿ΢΢һ̨ʣʮˡصǿߣԼһλصнԼľ⣬ʣµľˣʵ״ӣ֮ǰսȻʣȴ׽͸ĸо
̨Լ̭ʱ˻ЩΪȻ˿̵ǿ̨ݣȴоһɵѹ֮ʮĿһ֮ˣһ˫˫ͫ׵У͸һս֮⣬˭ս̨Ƕеˡ
ңȥ̽һ֮˵ʵΣʱжһ֮˿˵ңĵܵܣΪҲء
ңĿ⿴ǧУֻǧ΢΢ͷȥɣ
ңŲ̤ս̨ս̨֮ˡ
貵Ľɫ˿ңܣֻĽŲһ̤ŶԷȥȴ˿̨ǿ߶Ȼſ죬ŭХһ𡭡
𡢺𡭡һɹɿֲɫĻͻȻţ貶ĿƬպƶɫĹââǷ⣬ֻ̨ǿ󣬺Ƴһޱߵķ̤ʨֳֳֽն
䣡ǳ̨ǿߵңɫ˲ɷף·һն֮ͷԴ޾УҪһȡ
ǣһն֮Դϣ˲佫նɱǿޱȡ
̨ǿߴ˿ϾǷ⣬һŷ㣬͸ղŵ˳׵ı仯֮⣬һµǿߣˣȻǷޣ̨ĿɮպһֻǰӲɽ¶ˮ˶δȴû뵽˿¡
Ƿԣ·һҪϴ֮
¶ǿ߶ݣĿ̨ǿߣӦ²Ŷԣ̨
ңɫѿս̨׵ܵʬ壬ӿ֮⣬ңȥ̽ģһ̽
˿̣ǱɱĿ̨⳯ǿȥֻ̨ǿѾλվԡ
Ŀ⳯ҷͶȥ˵ǰδʹҽܣҺʯʵʮλ״ӣŰ
״ӣʣµʮˣصǿߺľ⣬ʮˣʯ״ӣǿֻľʦûˡڶ֮𺳣̨ѹƣ̭˺ܶˣټԼҲ˼ˣʣµʮˣǾӢ
ңֻʣʮˣнֻʮ˶ѣ̨ȫƽ
ֵ˾ռˣ˾ռ˴˿Ҳùʮˣѡ˭ս
գ˾ռ߳һ۷徳ǿߣ̤ս̨Ŀ⿴̨ľ硢աаǿѡáĪ죬Ҳɲ⣬ֻ˹ѡˡ
㣬˾ռҵǿյĿһصϣһ򵥵ĳۣƷǳûǿʢϢҲΨгʣܼ򵥡
죬ɱ̨ǿ̤ս̨ɲǣ˾ռҵǿ̤ɱ˳ȥֲȭɱնҪըѣ¡ŭХſ
ˣ̨ǿ嶸ȻʧϿշٶȿ硣
ٶȰ壬ÿ죬ٶȸУȺһ漴ֻ̨ǿ嵹תͷ£ųϣָͬʱָʱг֮⣬رХ޶ϳ
ָȺɫһ̨ǿʹõһָȴ·Уӵиǿ⾳б֮侳
ɱ˾ռҵǿŭһ漴˫û˾ôǿʢɷ·Ҫƿһ
Х֮ɣս̨֮ϣ·һ裬˽ϳָֲ̺ɱܿ죬ƬգХ֮Ťɷ·ûΪʵʣڿռв͸˾ռǿߵ嵱У޷ֿ
Ѫ꣬һͷţ˾ռǿҪƳȥ֣Լ·У޷԰Ρ
֮Ⱥⲻ壬л֮֮Уʧأһǿ
˾ռҪɱʧˣа˾ռҵǿһζĵֵҪĨɱ
Ƭ̣ıХ֮ȫ͸Է嵱У˾ռǿ쳤Хһض̺ͫ޾ı֮⣬¡¡ը촫Աˣ˾ռҵǿߣԼ屬ѣɱ
Ǽƽĳص̨һεĮĵ״ӡޣ
ַΪȣʦ״ӣȻǷ̨ң޵ɹǺ;ħͬһ࣬ħǿ֮һܴУܴС־Уֱӹᴩ˵嵱У


1400 ̫֮
ʣ״ӺŰȺʵ֮жָоţʶӵš
ʯʳɻ֮мʱȱûͽֻ˾Ŵ״ӣֹ꣬Ŵ״ӣľԼˣʼ߶Ϊߣճߵеʱ򣬳ľѾ޵⣬ֺ䡣
ζʯʶǴǺСʱͿʼˣ״ӣһֱѩصģ˲Ŀʵ״ӣֻľͺ̤֮˶ߣζǱͽʱ򣬿Ҳʱ˼Ǻա
ң״ӣƺÿһ˶óͬ˵ޣóԣΪޣó֮Լǳǿı֮·һޣ
ڵսԽԽʣҡ˾ռԼ϶ɵͬȻ޷֮ͬǰɱ̨̭ˣ̨ʣµĶǾӢ״ӣ㲻״ӵľǿߣҲʵ£
аͬɱ̨ļƻûôˡ
֮ʼҺħֱַһλǿߣնλн䣬ǶȻѡܹնɱģҵ˽ļ칬Ҳ̭һˣңתֻ֮ʣʮˣнߣֻʣ˶ѣֻһˣʣµˣҲڶǾӢˣǿǿˡ
⣬ɽ׻ʵçţɽƴҲͣһֱɱʵĸģʵʣµԽԽǿһ죬ſ֮ʱٶȿ쵽š
ɻĵļײŮɹԼɾսңƺãսңǵĽɹɾ൱ܹѹá
żʼң֮ײߣڽ̭ȻҲǿǿײ֮ʱΪˣҲԸ̭ˣҪɱַ̫ӣʵǷǳǿģȴַɱ
һּ֮ʱ񱤵Ⱥȴ΢Щҡһսָսȥ̽ûгֹλ״֮ǰıֲڣͬһǣ˭֪ûа޵ǿս
ʣȥɱնľɣ̫ɫһֱҪնַΪ߱
ȥն̫ӷâ¶Ҳսܡ
ȥնѰ̫͸źâɱ¶
ʵأĿ⿴̫ӣ̫ɱһûκε⣬̫Ҫǿ٣ǣַڻ֪ǳΣһʵСҲҪΣ֮أ̫ȥһʧ
ʵҲܹڶ˲նңؾ磬˫ذѵᱻ˲նɣܣԸ̭㱻ɱҲ޻˵
̫ӱ˵ɱľ磬лӰһǰ̸δɾ֮λ
˻˵꣬ǱߵսѾˣ̫ӵĽŲ̤˳ȥ
ܣ̫ɫһû뵽ôִţҪԼɱľ硣
ʣ̫Ŀ⿴ʣֻ΢΢ϣ衢ɻʣֹսսܸأӰһֱǧնľ磬Ϊҵ̱Ǹ˫ʣһλλʳס壬ǧ޵ҪǾúðգ񱤲һΪʵȷʣԣǾŸȫϣҪΣաѹֱǰɾ֮λ
̫ʵĻɫһ漴΢΢ף
̫ʣӵΣУǿҵΣУ񱤱Ȳңҵĵ̺񱤲һ̨Ǳӵ˫ʣü֮У̨𣬱ĩա
ܣˣ̫Ŀ⿴ս̨̫Ѿ̤ս̨֮ϣң̨󣬳Хֹһͷڿգ·Ҫƶϡ

֮صڿգ˶ڽ˭
ַɫƽŲ̤ٶȻۣƬ֮󣬹ЮſֲħƵվͨս̨Ͽգ̫ӡ
𣡡Х񷣬̫⻯ƶϣһַ㣬Ҫա
̫˫ֻûΪצץ񷣬ѪͷţǿֲѪ֮Ҫ˵ڵѪҺѵַڵѪҲ·ŭХ
Ѫ֮塢֮壡˿貶ĿĽɫѪɫӵƣа񱤵˹ǿʢָѪ֮ͽ֮壬ùǿʢ࣬Ǻ֮ϣ֮£ҪץñѵΨԹԹ
ͼڣַĿⶢץצѪɫɫ۳֮ͼͼڰ㣬âĿγʥƹ
ǿʥƹͨʹãΪʹʥɱͨҪӦʱ䣬޷Ǽһһ̬Ľ֮ʱ˳ǿʥɱֻҪʥƷмߵߣܹʥͨ˲ţ
̫ӵĹƺһʥƹâҫĿ·Ҫƿ
ɱɱɱַŭһᴩ̫ӵ壬漴һֲɱ¾ħȭɱ۲֮Уһеȭâ֡
ըѣֲ֮籩̫ӵ֮צǰУɱ¾ħȭҲҪѡ
ţһĻȺһ¶â񱤵ǿߣս̨֮ϡ
ɱ̫ŭޱߣһУ˫ƺַɱ¾ħȭ֮ϣǵı촫Ż֮ӣַ屻óնȥ·ͷѿˡ
ȥ̫Ӽַ޷⣬ɵùڿգҡϣ׷ɱַ㣬Ȼַ㲢δܣѹȶ£֮ɱ¾ħȭ۴֮ĺ̫ײţı֮ͣŭХַ֮㲻ϵĺɳȥֱ۶֪ѿ˶ٻء
ļħӰģȺаȥĻַ㣬Ҫ̫ӵС
ӰϵڿգԽԽߣվɽ֮ϵȺҪͷϷȥһΣ̫ٶȷĳַɱȥ
һ˿ˣһˣַڵɱ֮⣬ٽˣоҪͻˡ
ɱַŭһΣ˫ȭ̫ӺɱһʱҲû˱ܿκǿֲ塣
𣡡ַ쳤Хһڷ·ħڷؼ޾ۣµħ֮籩
䣡ʵ嶸Ȼվеַ㣬ɫѿ
Ҳһֻожɫѿʵϣ¶Ц⣡
ͻƣľڽͻƣȺͷһַһֱǹڴ̼Լȥƿһϣ


1401 ʮһ
ʱַ¶˵̫Ӹо̣ܵϿŭХѹȶµħ⣬ɫһ࣬ѿ
ͻƣַ㣬Ȼڽ֮ͻƣ
𣡡ХѪһͷ·г˳ϣʱ˷·Ҫȫȫ֮
ַڵѪǹѪ֮Ѫȣ·ҪըѰ㣬ѪǿʢĻᱻѪ֮嶼Ҫ丯ʴ
ɱַ˫֮ͫУǹǿħ֮ᴩ̫ӵ嵱УһĶַ֮ͫУ·һȪˮڵľ֮Ȫϻ̫ħ֮·Ҫ֮¡
ң㲻һħ͸뵽̫ӵڣ·һħ֮֮ͷ֮ͫУ͸ǿҵ֮⣬һֿȴ·Ҫַܵͫ׵пħ־շѹ
һ̣̫ӷ·ᵽߵʱٵһ־ܹͫħ⣬ħӵħܹ֮ǣǴ˿Ϊٶͻƣħ֮־ǿʢշѹһС
ɱ̫ӵ֮ͫУ·һͷһУɱַ㡣
𣡡ַɱ¾ħȭ٣һĨâ֮ϣշѹΪ飬ħ֮ͫճ̫ӣ޷ѵͬʱͷţʴ̫ӵ塣
ַһŭħ֮Ϣȫϣ漴ɱ¾ħȭ֮·̫ӺɱȸղŵĹֲ֪ǿʢ˶١
߱ɱֲѹ̫֮ӷǾ޴֮ͫкȼŻ棬ƺǶڷȼգֵǱʴ־ַƵɱ죬̫ӣܳˡ
ˣħ˵嶼ǵ棬ûգһǹħ·嶼׵ˡ
һǽ嶼ûĿֲħľ磬Ҫʲô
һҵĺ֮ģ񱤵Ⱥݺݵ£ɫ԰
С壡ʷӺƴ͸գħ֮Ϣֲն·Ҫħƿ
ʣڸʲôĺһһǿѹ֮Ȼ併ϣĵΥڻʹڻʽն
ɫѿֹͣԼĶȻҪٸţԷħѾɢ֮УȻ棬ֻʣַ壬̫ӣʧˣƺΪޡ
ʬ𼣣ʬ嶼ˣʲôʣ£ôɱ̫ӵĶ֪ʱܹ׿ӣڻ֮ԼĹ򣬲ȥս̨ϵս˸ղʲŻֹʡ
ܣ̫ԼλֳĿ죬죬·Хս̨
ˣַնͷ­˻ʱҲˣʬ嶼޷ħ޻ʬ޴档
Ŀⶢַ㣬ɱѾΣӣ̫ӣãˣǰΪħͻƹߣʬǶûʣ£ܾûôʹһˣַ㣬ȻˣôڶҪɱһˣһΣַ㡣
ֻս̨֮ϣַڵͫ׳ͶĿֱ̫ӣɱң
һģ̫Ŀ˫·Ҫַɱȴַתһλ̨ƽվȺ֮У֮ˡ
û뵽񱤵ǿ߱ľͻƣһҪɱľˣҲֻǧ̫лᣡаʶ¹ΪԼ޷նнȴҪɱľ磬ڣľԼսԽǿȻսĵͻƣҡ˾ռԼ񱤶ԣһ޴ѡ
ͬôɱľ磡֮ЩڴսɡɣսԽңԽ࣬ԽкôǴ˿̻еľӢǿߡ֮ˣĄ̊́ƴ˲ңˡ
Һ̨жףѾֵزﻢ£Ҫضܣֻƴеʣ̫߰ˣΪǣߴ壬˾ռԼɱ̨ȴû뵽̨ȴרɱҵˣ񹬡ԳɡڣҲң̨ǿҲԤϡ
һֵ̨ʱ򣬶ʱ˵Ŀⶼ̨ʣµʮӢǿߣ̨γս
óɱˣаһսȥһʣλн䣬ƺЩɱɱһɣ
ľ˵һʱϵļ΢΢鴤ľĻֱң·ʣµλнߣ·ˣôɱôôɱ
̨нʮˣˣ̨ÿ˶ɱһҵȷɱǣô
аڿգָһλ۷ǿߣս֮ʵҲǷǳǿӵսܹɱͨˣǺаս֮ʱ˲㴦ھԵơ
а°壬óٻѪ·ҪɿݣҪͣҪȥаԼȴó壬֮ϣãֱõöԷͺսһаԼȴ࣬Էʵ޷ȫӣаȴԽսԽǿ콣磬գ֮彵ٶԷϣ֮帽ڽϣ˶ԷüģɱԷԴն
ңʣʮˣ̨ȫһλн䣬λ־棬֮˵ĸеһ⣬ǳ䡣
̨ռƣ˿̣ҪҵнȫɾҶϲ㡣Ⱥ𺳣һмϲ㣬Ǿһֿµľ棬κһн䣬ųµãÿһһߡ
ֵҳսһΣʵǧ˳սصս̨ǿߣһսɹ̨ǿ߻̭²ų̂κεĲΪأ̨Ϊǿļ֮һȴֻͽ״ӣȻ̨⵽Χˣ̨ƣ̭ǱȻƣ̨ʮһˣֻʣľ粻״ˡ
֪˿̨ûб̭ʮһˣȫ״ӣ֪Ǻθ룬ľ磬ַ㣬յĵʮһλ״ӣ


1402 ݲСս
֮˾ռң˾Ŀ̨򣬵˵̨˲֪ǳ˭Ըȥһԣ
ȥ˾һԾֱͨս̨Ŀң̨ʣλûгֹ״ӣһˣźɫûϢǿʢ֮У˸о
һ׳˶Ƴü֮͹𣬷·Ǵǰ㣬Եø졣
һˣǳΨ֮Ϣ·һǳ֮ͨˣԽˣȴ׸һָĪ֮У޷ȣ׶˳֡
㣬һս˾ָɫ֮꣬Ųһ̤ڿն˲Ϣͨս̨֮ϣĿƽ˾
ˣ˾ȻѪϢţĿ磬貣ɱĿ֮⻪·Ҫ͸һöԷκιΡ
ݽߣһ³ʱƬպƱһƬ֣ؿήҪ˥ߣеһжҪ丯࣬ή
˾ɫȻһ䣬ݽ֮ϣѪҪݽߡȫҪή֮࣬Ҫĩգή
ݽİ壡ĿһصĮ̇״ô˵ʯ߱ؽֲͬ˲Ŵߣ˿ݽİؿݽߣ˵ľѪҪήаĻ֮°ƣƬռһжܵӰ졣
һĻַѩ֮ʱһλֿľϢλʦЩƣľͨս̨սʦ־Ҫǿ̫ˣƺֻһְȴ·˷ǳǿʢĵزصİһ֮˾嶼Ҫή
ҵذ壬Ҳֵܹزַе֮󣬱仯ǧܹ֮ϢѪﵽݼЧûʦԡ
ˣ̨״ѪУһŹڿնȥ˲Ϣ˾Ͽգž޴ĹޱߵĿݼ֮⣬ңǵӵѪжǿή֮Ϣ
꣬˾ߵˣˣĿһֻͣǿݼ֦֮ɢҶ޾֦·˾ֶȥ
˾ŭһƻƵϿյĿήնȥ
ѣ̨ǿŭһήѿ֦Ҷ漴˾ϣ˾ɫһǽԼ嶼ǵĿݼ֦Ҷ
ݼ֮״һʱ˾𷢳֮ҽвϣ彥ĿήѪȫɿݵ彥Сֱ׵޾֦Ҷʧ·ǿŹ̵ˡ
ɢή֦Ҷ»˹漴뵽̨ǿߵ嵱У˲ΪûϢǿʢĸо˾ϢήңԼĹѲϵ
ңݲУ̨ǿߵ˵һ漴˸̨ڵɽȥվһԲȴ˸оһԵѹ֡
Ϊʵ״ӶôǿʢʣµѵҲ˿ֲˣܹɱͨɣ
аɻ֮⣬ʯʷǵʱʯǱ
λδԼʵ״ӣʵǷҲӵǿֶΣ˶˳˺֮ġ
սʼңһλǳнɱһƫн䡣
ħҲһλǿʢнվʼͬ飬նɱʣһˣԼǿģսƫģʣλн䣬ˣͲô׶ԸˣǰֽȲĻܿ죬ҵнҪøɸɾ
칬Ҳһλǳн䣬һ˻ܣս̨̭и̾칬ôǾĪϧΪ˰ַ㸴𱨸ô򵥣˵Ϊϻ޽飬ͬڶңѾԲ칬йС
ҵȺоֻʣнǿߵʱһɫ࣬Ѿ޷ѿˡ
ңΪң̭࣬Ҳ࣬һʣˣλн䣬λеУΪٵģҽ̨ȻŹңֵ̨ʱңпܻʣˡ
ңζ˶ˣҪ̨̨
֮Իôңԭжһľ񱤵ǿ̫Ӻ̫ӶǳˣҲܹսʤ̨״ӵмλ̫Ӳܣ̫ӦǿԵģȴľϡ
һԭ̨н״ӣʵûһģһȥ·𶼺ǿ˾ռ̽ʧܱɱҲǣ͵̨ʣµʯ˵ʵų̂ôȣݶȣħʼҡ̨ơɱǿ˶Ըˣһ̭ңʣˣҡ
˻ȥĻңᱻɱһʣ¡
һռȨʱ̫ɱޱߡ
ȥʿ˵漴ǧľһսģȹ
ã̫ӵ˫ַ죬ƺЩ޷ס漴һλһλصǿȥս̨λûгֹ״ӣսĿͷ͹ˡ
˴ս֮ʱֱޱǿʢײ񱤵ǿ߱ǹǿȻǿ״Хڿգضս񱤵ǿ⻯ΪһУ̨սޣ˿һֲޱߵӴǣ⻯Ϊǿ߻ĺ
սޣĽޣɫһ״ӾһսޣΪսѹü֮͹
񱤵ǿڵϣϢŶǻĽǴ͸Ŀġ
𣡡Ľս˻һ޴㻺ǰľ޴ͫ׶ŵϵӰǰ㻺̧漴ݺݵļ̤

ǣҵĺ֮лص˵屻Ǿ޴շѹΪһ̲ѪĽսޣѪս
ս޴Ǿ³漴ս»ûΪΣɻ̨սϵޣսǿʢǳֲ
ɱЩ̨״̫ˣ̭пܡоÿ¡
һֵ̨ʱһλδֹ״վ˳Ŀңָңõλн䣬ָƫһˣ


1403 Ԥ
ǿĿ棬âϷնҪңµ·Ҫͫš
ˣǿ嶸Ȼʧղ쵽˼ĵزһλ̨״ֻоǰմң漴һ˺մӡпɱо嶼·ҪŤɱ
ǣһͨһγ֣ŵɲǣ֮кƳһűǰѹȥ˺յűסǹű֮з·̺عâҪշѹɱͷų⡣
ˣմң嶸Ȼʧһ̨״ӵĺ󷽳Ӱ˺ѵӡɱ̨״ӿδֱӱһĴʱһű֣֮һ
ÿһƶɱֹܳűֶͨΣúȺаűƺʥ֮۶ɣ˲ۣɱ
䡢䡢䣡ս̨֮ϣմŤӰ֣ǿߵղֲ̫ˣ·תƣÿһγֶԷͬķλֻҪץһξԶˣ̨״һǳ£űϴкɱƬպƶһűǣʼգŲδƶÿֲ
ǬתǿһʱȺɫһֻ̨ڵնղǿߺһ˿̷·һƬƬռ֣ҸշǬתҪ̨˺С
ذ˷ӡ̨ǿһ˫űӿ֣ڰ֮أѹ˴λű֮ʱŤҵպƶƽѹס
ǿѪ̼ͼڿգϣռ˿ߴմ£Ҫ̨С
ѹ̨״һһűŶֱӳյĿռͼȥǹűţűҪϿƬ񷶼ѹӡס
䣡ղݣͼű·һ飬ǿߵ޷κ
ᣡ̨ŭһŲŵ̤ʱս̨һ޴űӰ˷֣һűǽ˵嶼档
֮ѹǿľ޴ű貹âȻţϿҲһڵͼͶӰÿһű֮ϣʱűµѹ֮
ȥɣ̨ǿ˵һű¡¡죬ǿ߶ȥҪ
ƣǿ߽̤ղһűǰ˺յɱűֹͣǰУȻűɳѹǿɫ԰ףʲô
̧ͷǿ߿ͷϵľ޴űűǶԷ꣬ѹ꣬գҪᵽһĻĻű档
ơơƣǿŭһµĹŹűǹűȻݣȴɲɽ
ᣡ̨ǿٶһȣʱǿ߾Ŀע£йűһѹ£ᣬ˫˫ŵֿűűȴշѹ壬շѹҽϡ
飡̨ǿһĵ棬ʱű·˷Ĺᵽͨս̨棬·ûгֹһ޴Ĺű꣬¹ѪУԷȴΪʧ
ҽСĹ국˵һƽϲޱһ̨ȥͬղһվȺ֮䣬״һһſ
ңнߣֱնһˣҵнߣʣˣ
һսսȨУѡ̨ʮһǿߣʮ״ټľ磬Ҫս˭
̨̨һʲôܣжȻĿâʣ̨һΪ֪ܣôյ״ӸˣžޣʯʱҲǣʱ̣ȴںܾ֮ǰ͸ҿʡ
̨ʯʺʣǰڰ˻Ĳû̫ȴڵ͵̤λӡ֤ԣɣ
ľ֡աаáĪ졢ޡսݲСĹʮһ״ӣľ̨սУȴһľ磬ңҪս˭
ݣʶԥ
òĻһȨһֱ̭ɣƽ˵һһȴһİ˦ʵϣʣڷأȨ
ȥǧĵ
ûֵ㣬һ֮սֶ½סǧ㡣
ã֮ȥɱǧʴ˵
㲻ˣ侲ĵ̨֪ЩһСһȵǧʹóȫսأҪһִǧ㣬㽫ս
ûв´һὫľսģڣȥɱһʼ֮ˣʿ˵΢΢ͷ漴Ų̤ս̨ûȥѡ̨ˣѡһλʼҵǿߣһֵʱʼǿɱһˣһΣǳŸĿģпֶνԷ˺ѡɱ
ֵ˾ռʱ˾ռңҲûѡ̨սͬѡʼң·ʼңΧ̨ˣΪף̨ʣµˣûһöԸʯʺʵ״ӣһ˼򵥣
˾ռնһλʼǿߣܿ죬ʼҵĸ㽵٣һʼҲδңн䣬̨ȥնɡ
ħǳһλ̭ҵһλǿߣʹҽʣˣ־ԣȥң᲻ֲһ֣
ҽΪЦڻ֮ԼĶ̭һʣ
һλ̭һλǿߣңʣˣʵɫ·ˣҵľӢǿˣҪٺ㲻ôףʼҡħԼ칬ûѡнǿߣΪ֪ѶԸǿн䶼֪¹˭֡
һΣ񱤣ų̂ˣ̫ӳ֣һʼǿߺս̨̭
Ȩһ̨ϵʱ˵Ŀ⣬̨̨ʲôٶ
նǧľ磡ľ˵һնʱ׹ιϥ֮Уս̨ϿգӪĿǧΨһһλнǿߣأΪأ
̨ճսؼǿҲҪ̭ˣգǼľԼȺҰе̨ʯʺʵλӣ
˶գϾ֮ܶ࣡
õƺѾ̨Ԥˣսءľսǧ㣡


1404 侮ʯ
һԽ϶£·˲Ϣ֮䵽ս̨֮ϣĿգ֮ȻҲ˽ģ֪ʵʲôز
ɱɱ˫ֺʮϥׯϣ·һĹŷ㣬ϣȻɷ⣬յѪһӽȽȽգ
β󡭡
β󡭡յ³̼·޾ַƮÿһַӵһħ·Ҫȥ
䣿Ⱥɫһеı鲼գ·Ҫ͸ÿһ˵ĶĤС
ԣǰԣ
֮Ŀһ̨λǿķʿƿԣն񣬶պУҲƿһַǿԡ
֮Уһּǿ֮⣬аԡԵ࡮ԡ̺֮޾𷨣ѵͨܽչŷ֮
𣡡һγغɱԷ·˷ʨ𹦣ӵޱ֮Ϸ·һͷͷֲĽɫʨӣޱߣͨ͸Žɫâŭն·Ҫѡ
͡ҲͷŶĿ˿ߣǿֲ·ʨ֮ϵĺչĻ֮ϣ¡¡Ĺ죬ǹĻ֮Уصнһ貶Ŀ֣һ·ܹ͸գնء
䣡ֲʨĿѿʨĳغɱȥȴеĽľ𣬶ʱձƿ޾ӿȥһɫⲨмһȴ֮Ļնϵ
֮ƿգɴ۶ɵĽƷʥҪǿ֪٣̤ƷʥһƷʥȫ֮ʱĿ
նؾٽƻ֪յɲ³л۶ɣ԰֮عյޱ߾޴Ĺŷֻ̧һֿ̫ĹڹŷУһ̫֮۶ɡ
ַɫһ׳۵һĻʦֵʵҲԽԽֲˣƺһʹ÷𷨸ǿʢ
ӡ̨ڶǿķţµķŹŻΪգʹõķǷǳķͨΪλ̨ʯǵĻԼĻԵõ
ǿʢĿ֮·Ҫص۾޷ȴޱߣо֮Ȼնɱ͸գգͬʱеĴ֮ӡҲնȥ޾̫֮ɱ
䣡ֱ֮Ӵ͸գնϣȻ˿̵ջŽ⣬ͬյУɲ³ԣԽԽǿʢ֮Ħ̶Хһƽɫ⡣
ӡҲն˶ԷϣȻȴ̼佫չĻٻ¡һ죬Ļ飬ȻڹĻ˲䣬ص嶸Ȼʧˣٴγ֮ʱѾǰ֮ٶۣղǵ֮ںϣٴնյüġ
𡢺𡭡ʨգսȴޱȵι̣·նձ㲻뿪
ǰƽ⣡µ³һƺΪӡ֤Ļصȼ̫֮
ɱɱɱ¶֮ɫ촫֮͸ŷ𣬴͸ɫ⻪յļնյԴҪ
ˣأҲҪɱգɫһʵǿ󣬴˿ַ·һ
ȣ³һȻ֮䣬е֮յһΪͷݺݵһȻͬʱغХľ޴ƳץȥǾ޴Ĺŷ·۾˫ͫ׵У̺ĸ顣
գɫһպ͹ŷ滻壬Ǳ壬˵⡣
ˣֲҪ͸룬Ȼ̫֮Ȼȼղ·𶼱ϣǿֲĹŷӿֱӽؿǽɫƵС
ŭ𣬱ǹŷ־գǾ޴Ĺŷϣ૵ңʣˣн䣬һˣ
£ŷƺݺһգҽصǹŷ֮ƿ¶Ӱλ̨Ⱥڵ֮ϡ
ȺķĻ˵ǰ㣬ңʣˣн䣬ʣǧһˣ
ǧٱľܵĻôҵн䣬Եڻ֮Լȫȫ̭
û˻뵽ҲûԤϵ̨һʮһ״ӣžޣЩˣȻ̨һֱѩţʹݡ
ʮ󣬻߶ʮ̨Ǻַʢ£ȴԸȥ룬ʮ̨سɰ˻ľһһλʵĻ̨ĵλԽҡʼҵʼ壬ΪȻ
Ȩٴеʱǧ㻹ûսȨڵľսңһλؾսʼһλǳǿһֲײԲҵսʽ̭ʼʼأҺȴ̭
ֻʣˣתÿ죬ÿһ˶峡սǵһս
˾ռǳһλнߵ㽫ʼнߣɹֵ̭ʼ֮ʱ򸴳ңʼңһλصǿߣսղǶԸʼҵ֮ˣһֲĴսն·ҪѵʼҺңƺǰԵĻսսĽ֣ʼʤ̭֣ûɱһңʣˡ
ˣңʣλǿߣֱɱǿߡʵǧˣǳһУĵܵң̨ϵģһȻǧ㣬ֻʣˣɼұȵʲô̶ȡ
ǧ˵ʵǿ󣬲صǿУҲµǿߡа⣬Ȩħʱħһλֲľħ𣬴սɱǿߣǿֲҵĴսգħǿսʤ֣Է̭һ̣ңֻʣ˹ˡ
ٲ֮ذа⣬ܿ죬ȨеʱΨһһλǿڣսĶҵС
սĽ֣ǿߣ̭У
ƺܺõӡ֤һ侮ʯһΣЩҪһӽҳ׵Ĵҷڻ֮Լ̨ȥ
뵽һ⣬̨ʮһ״ǿƵ̬վ±侮ʯģ̨ɣ


1405 һս
ϣǰǹӰվߣ˵ûͬ飬ֻ䵭ĮȻ˶Ϸ棬ֻǣڹ֮гܲסôַܺõĽϡ
Ҷʱ򣬺ȻҪ̨̨һʮ״˼ɵ˾ռҡ񱤶Ҳ̨ΧˣǽĿתʼҺħǣȴܲס̨ΧˣԲŻҲ侮ʯ˴˿̵ľ档
֮ǰɫƽû˿̣ϵƽɫ·Щˣǳÿڻ֮Լ˴Ҳѹʱɫڣֻʣλûܹͨս̨ˣǧ˺ǧٰܣ֪ʱһжඪˣʻҪ֯ڻ֮Լұ̭һʣЦ
ǧ˺ǧ㣬Ӧֺ̨ľԤˣǲҪżȺţæУѾˣˣ̨ԼɣҲŻְһѣ侮ʯһأ
Ҳų̂ˣǿʼʼңƺڹȵ̨ҵľս
Ȩٴα̨ϵʱľЦЦ֣ȥԸǧˣһǧ㲻ҲҪ֣
ľĻƺ͸ŶԺֵǿţֻҪ̭ǧ˵ĻôӪΨֻʣǧһ˶ˣǧ㣬սҲҪսң̭֮ǰÿһս˵㽫Ҫսľ粻̭Ҳûı
ľƺΪľȨأľûľսǧ㣬úֳֵ㽫ǧˣַʱе㽫Ļᣬ˾ռҺ񱤵һЩ˾ռҵһЩҲʼðͷˣǼλʣµ̫ӣûս̨ȴսˣһǿޱȣɱϣǱǵ㽫ˣɱ
ʱԾս̨֮ϣĿҷֻؽͷֻ֮Ϣԣǧ˽Ųһ̤˲Ϣͨս̨֮ϡ
ˣֻؽʧ־ýֶ³ԡ
䣡һ̤˲Ϣǧǰ˫ȭɱʱֻƿգֻ֮ȭ⣬նضֻء
ǧһʱǰƳչĻһйֽȥ漴͵˦¡ľӣԶµı֮չĻֹֻ֮ȭⶼ˦ȥֶԿռƿغÿ¡
¡¡˹˫ȭ죬һᴩصֻ֮ȭǧձãֻعĻ
ֻذᣡһʱޱߵֻط籩ӽٵǧ˵ϣǧ˾Ȼܵǿޱȵֻ֮ڰ꣬ҪȻĻǽֻ֮С
ˣǧ屻չĻյУǹĻʵʰĽ֮ɫͬʱѪ֣ͼ׽סǽնԸ֣Ҫƾɱָʵס·ռӵǿʢɫ˿ߴϷӶǧ˿ƣսֶ̨ȥ
ǧҪս̨ΪΪΪ𣡡˿޾Ľɫ˿߳ɢȥǵأ΢
Ȼ壬˫ȭϳذ˷ɱѵĺ¡ݣֻ֮ȭҪƬնñѣذ˷ȫֻԨ
ǧ˺ͺʵ൱ӵоذ壬ƾɱԷ㶼ս̨ǿֻ򣡡𺳣ܿ죬ǷƬսֻ̨ʣ޾ķ籩ɫ˿ߣޱߵֻԨ˵嶼ˡ
棬ɣаǽɫ˿߰أ·ܽɱκǿߣƬնŲߣǿֲֻԨ·ܹ˶ֻ棬ٲ
ÿֲһս᲻ܾˣһһֻͷǧ˺ͺδ̫ˣ·ɱĲݣǷӡ
ʺʵĿⶼһֱͨս̨աֻأһּµܹʤһ
籩ƺãڻɢˣȺܹһĻֻǧ屻չĻסȴϵݣֻԨɣԶȥ֣ǧƺȣȻһֻ̣عĻպϣԨʧǧ˵ʧ׵ûˡ
ҲˣһսͬھɫӲǧıֻԨûˣкֵ壬ҲûпһսδҲ̫ˡ
ɫӲͬھҲ˲ǧˣãǧǧһˣܳס
Ǻ֣˿̣ɫһֻ֮УһֻԨǽߵȴһִ·ңԶޱߣҲûˣȻֻԨ˿ֻ̣Ԩ̤
ⶼܲɫһֻоֵԽԽˣڣֻԨĺ͵һԽ̼䣬еһжɢվս̨֮ϣϻѪû֪ղ˱պֻذʱʲôӹɵǣһҵս˶֣һ̹
ą̲̃סͷļһȺûκα飬ǰʡǧԼǧ㣬ĿⶼĶź֣ǧˣֻطɱˡ
һĿ̨򣬿ǧƽ³һȴҵɫѿ˼£˵ʣһˣңʣһˡ
ңòңа̾ҵĽ֣ƺѾעڻ֮ԼԵˡ
ȨֵңûκѡأǧսֻҪֵңǧͱҪս˵㽫ңǧҲսֻһˡ
սľôȴǧĵһսң㲻սңұһնһˣ
˵ţǧĿӲ칬ָһλǿߵ
ǿɫһ漴̤ս̨սĽûг⣬ǧ㽫칬ǿǿĨɱ
ǧ㵹ܳסȻսľ磬Ҫľսľ粻սһֱɱˣ
ǧ㣬ľˣ֮ûս̨Ҳû˵㽫ң˶ǳĬǧַ㣬֪һֵ̨ʱľ磬һҪˣǧĻľûѡ
ֵ̨ʱַһ̤ͨս̨Ŀңҷ򣬸Ҫ˶ףһսľ磬սǧ㣡


1406 ǧɱ
ս̨֮ϣַ΢΢̧ңϣԵӰһ޵ǧУһˣǧ㡣
ɣַƽ˵ǧ΢΢£֮ͫУ̺޾ɱ⣬ңֻʣһˣЩˣ̨ס
ֻʣһˣһҪնҵ㽫֮ˣǧ૵ʴ˿Ҳַ㣬ɱɣ㱩¶ƣɱ
ɱǧŭХһŲһ̤ձãֱӳǧ֮֮У˸֮䣬ǧ㽵ս̨֮ϣһɱַַ֮ĺɫۡ
ռָָʱռһָâ͸գַ㡣
ַͣ͡ħƵħָɱгһħ⣬ռָײȻħ˲Ϣ𣬿ռָУ̺֮հɱһС
ˣַӰƮռָֻǿռָԶɱȥշ·Ҫ̴
ɱǼҵַָȥǿռָ졢̫ˣֻһ˲㴩͸ɱַ㡣
ַŭϹħڿգݣɱ¾ħȭɱض
̶͡ļ֮ǳ£ɱ¾ħȭ͸ֻռָָ֮âٶȴַ塣
ذ壡ɫһǧǰսȻһֱʵİѾ˵ڰ˳壬ָգͨصֻһָܹɱ
ܹľľսˣ޷˰ɣаȻַѾսೡַսȴһֱз·һţǧаذȴһֱû֮ǰַײΪַǿǿɱ̫ӡɱ̫ӣͻƣַ㵽жǿû֪ڣǧ㲻أ԰ذ忪սַҪóʵˡ
ƣַŭһɱ¾ħȭ·ںϴУҲɱ¾ħȭ֮ϣʱһڵȭͷϵĺɱһȭһȭϢĨˣǧĿռָɴ͸ȭͷڹڼ𣬿ɼذǿʢ
ѿհȭǧַϿգذѿհȭշһ죬·ҪըѿԵޱȵȭͷֱַţͬޱߵŭХǻоܽ˵ԴֱӺըѵ
䣡ַŲ̤ս̨ŭХħ֮ϣħƣħػһħ·ַϢ˾ͺһħһ
ơƣħӰɲǣַ˫ȭŭ֮ɱ¾ħȭɳᴩأ֮ӡ
ǧŲһ磬ղ̤嶸ȻʧԭأַȻת˫ȭһ̣ǧٶʧ磬һȭȭַ治ϺɱҪַᵽѿհȭ֮С
ͬʱǧ֮ռһµչĻ
صİȻذܹģսǿ̫ˣַаؿռ뵽ղռָԼѿհȭɱֶεУӳַȫԸȥֵǧղʹԼ̫죬ĪԲ׽ǳ
ǧʵ𣬺ľԸн֮Ҫɱ»ѣţʱַ㾹ȻһչĻУǧվڹĻϿգַ㣬ŭȵ˶ѣɣ
˵գǧһգʱչĻӿֿµշ籩Ҫַ˺ѵ
䣡ħַǿµշ籩շѹַ壬ҪַɱչĻ档
˺ѣǧƽգֲ֮ӶٵչĻ֮ϣʱ籩ңַ·Ҫ档
ַ籩ҪɱȺаľ磬ͱɱɡ
𣡡ַ㱻籩ɱŭһħӰ֮⣬ַϻһޱȿ񱩵ĿħӰħߴʮףХֹ˫ֲϺչĻ¡Ļ
壡ַŭһħλַϣ̼䣬ַƶøߴ͸һɿħ֮⣬ħ֮Ϣٶȷһµĵز
ɱַǧŭХ·ǿµħ㣬ǧԴ¿ַֻ˫֮ͫӿ޾ķħ־ᴩ壬ԴС
ɱɱɱǧŭȭըѣƿһС
Ҫ·ħ֮ǧԺУ漴֮ɱ¾ħȭգħ壬ַٶһ߶ȣѿհȭշѹǧᡣ
޷Ӱҵ־֮Ĳ㲻𣡡ǧͫ׺ҪָѪϢǿХͬԼסϴɫ˿ߡ
޾ռţɱһƵĽɫ˿߷·ͨںһÿһ˿߶һռָͺǧɱַ㣬ǧ۾ˣûпַ˫ħͫס
𣡡ħŭХַ㱻ħ壬һŭХͬĿħһһµħշѹϣһУŭХ֮ǿµɱ¾ħȭַɱ¾ħȭһ𣬻һУɱǧ㡣
÷ħȫʵ𣡡Ⱥ𺳣ǧ·ħȭ÷Ȼ˫ȴĻ֣Ҫȫ档
ƣħַ·󻹱һħ񣬴˿ûκֹܹɱǧ㣬ֱӽչĻһӣɱ˹Ļ档
ҪǧŭһռͼȻУһɫĶĿ
˿չĻеһĻɫȻһǧ㾹ȻԼ˿µУǧǿߣѪŴѪ꼫£ɵ֮Ǿ˵ģǣǧóɱ
ܿ˱ףһ̵ǧ·뽣ںΪһ壬չĻе˶һ͸ſµɱ֮⡣
ɱ֣ϵַĪӿһɾ֮УϤΣУ߱ͬ˵ɱֲŻĸо
֮ǰѾֹһλǿɱַ֣û뵽֮ӣǧ㱾Ҳһλ˿µɱ֣̿ǧ뽣ڵɲǣֻо޾ɱεĽһ̣ǧɱĿΨַ㣬ټϴ˿չĻ棬ܶ޷ܣӲһһ֮
ǧŭһ貶ĿĽʧˣһֱӳַͷϣҪַɱ


1407 ľΪ
ǧȫһ޾ַ嶼ֲɱ֮εɱһ
ȺһʱһϢ֮У·Ҫֹͣ඼Ķһʱɱһ
ľ磬Ҫǧǧȿµʵûܹɱѹ֮ǰǧûȥս̨ǿߣΪ̨ǿʵ̫ǿȵʹһһȺԺжȻӿ뷨ľ֪ǧӵһ¾Ͳ־ɡ
ַͷǴɱĽߣǧɵ֮һƿգɱǰֻҪһʱ䣬һ嶼ҪƿΪյһ֣ͺƿһƿ塣
ɱɱɱ
ǣ
׹ħֳսɱչĻ۶ɣֿµһŭȫַǰ
ͣ͡ƿա̶סնħֻǶݵ˼µһ˲䣬еһжҪ
ɱַУһ貵ɱɱһâǰĶĿ貣ַ³ȥǧһ
⼫ݵһ˲䣬ǧĽַ³Ľϣƿַ³ĽҪɱַ㣬һǰ

ˣɻ֣ħַϳ˳ȥŭһݺݵĳǧȥýƶס޾֮âͷţݡֹħɱַ֮㣬ȴѾΪˣһ
УӵХ޾ɱ³֮·޾ɱӽ³ǧĽ
ôᣬľҲý֮ǿȺǻ֮Ӱ²ལâǧ֮⣬ɵͷҲһħǿ裬ڽϣҲô£
üͷһ壬ǧûɱľ磬ңľôҲýһǿʢԵħޣȻҲóɱ
ˣµĲལĻ˺ƬգռĻ˺ѻΪɫĿռַΪ֮޾ģԽԽǿǧһǱɱ֮һδٶ˥򾢽ߣʧȥһǰ֮ƣֲĽɱĿݽߵ
ˣ˵ֿǧֽУĮ͸żѿ֮ɫɱһȻûɱַ㣬ַ㣬Ҳýͷ޾½Ȼַڽ֮УҲǧħϵ
ǧʧɲǣַ»ûΪΣۿɱ֮һƿգֱ֮ϵǧ㡣
նǧɱսóǽóĽΨһǱɱ֮ɱ֮ʱһδʧܹ䲻жôֲضʱǾһɱ
䣡ַĽضֻŲһ磬ֱϵǧ㣬һɱÿһ̺ޱȿµɱ·Ƕذں϶ɣ׵籩Űɱɱ֮Ƭջ˽籩ЩĽȻ۶ɢݻһС
նַڿգǧϿշٶɱһ֮ɫ֮Ӷ
ǧͷɫѿͬһ̳޾֮
ǧ㣬ɣǧַɲǣһӰԺУħ֮ʴͷƺǧ˿ַ̲ɲǽޣǿħޡ
֮⣬Ĩ𣡡ǧŭХڵֵʴԺеĿħַ㾪̾־֮ǿǻصˣѱ룬һն
սĽֲı䣬Ľµʱǲ׳һĻ˾ˣľĽնӡգ̫Ѥˣÿһ˲֮壬ʹýδµһٴν٣ûоͷǽķ籩磬ǧղ̤Ҫз籩ɱ
ԡԡħ
ڴʱͻȻüͷ૵
ʣʱϣǿǰüͷ΢壬ɨһۡ
ʥүҲڽħ֮֮£ǿ߿˵һʵжȻޱȷĺâ
ħǰãƺɱһˡ
񱤷ʵĿⶸȻһĿգսеַ㣬ô᣿
ְǿںϽֽͨ˾ռҵķ˾ͨս̨
ڣɴѩ㶣ħһսԷýóħ
һҵĺȺͷͷս̨֮ϣǧվұ۵Ѫſµ֮ұ۶ϱ֮
ַվϿգǧĿ죬Ķַ㡣
˭ϣǧĿƴ͸գַ
ַ΢΢תϣֱǧУ֮ͫУȴ¶һĨаЦݣľһǧУ˵أ
ľ硢㣡ַ漴ĿⶸȻһͣ㣡
һ̵գ˶ݵļžǳǧжһԡ
ǣַ㣡
ѹѡ̨ѹҺ񱤣ѹǰչԼģѹĺ龹ȻУһУɹŮôãԭֻΪɫļһжֻһԭľ硭ַ㣡
Ѿôǿ𣡡Щţյַ㹻ǣʱַϾֻصǿߣŹȥ˶ãַ㣬أңħ֮ϣôµ裬ʲô츳
˾Ӳľ硢ߣַ㣬ԭûߵħħܿͱַȥˣԭˣ¶һ˿ЦݣΪɬоԼŪڹ֮С
ǰֳַİС硢桢׵硢ռ䡢ľֳİħ䡢ࣻѾʮְˣҺ
г鴤ţַľһˣİж֣
Ѿʮ֣ʮ
ַ㣬ʮƺԽʮǴ˵еʮ𣡡
Щ̤֮ǵǿԤߺַĶԻַ㣬ʮ壿
˿̨̾˶һȻԭˣѹĲѹȡ裬ԭʦ״ӣַ㣡


1408 ɱ
̨ʣʮһˣ״ӣľַ㣬ǫ̂ʣ֮ˣȫʯʵ״ӣһʮͽΪ
ַ㣬ֿ˿ߵȺֻо΢̨̨δ̨Ρ
̨֮ϣĵϵ¶һ˿Ц⣬ս̨ϿյӰ
ԭַʦܣʦʹʦǲ֪ˡսЦľЦȻ
ٺ٣̨ʮһ״ӣҪ˭Ҫս̨
Ҿ˵δַʦܣôǻҪڰ˻ĴһƬأˬЦеˣֻ˵һλʦַ㣬⻹ǵһμֻ²ַĿ
ַʦܣ㵹ǿ㳤ʲô
ַһЦһĨʱŸɾչȺǰһ̣ûٻˣַ㣬ľ磬ǴѾȥַ㡣
ǿʶ޷ʲôߣ΢ͨһܹľϾߣû˿ӳ
ַȴ̨Цû֮ǰλʦʦǼ£
֣ǶģҺΧʦܣʦܰȻ˸еʹ죬ģ
ԣôоôˬأ
ʦһһˬʴЦҺȺɫȴѿ˼£̨ǴģȴǺݺݵ˦Һ񱤵Ķ⣬ʺλʳ֡޵ǧУԼҺ񱤵ڶǿߣһս˲֪ǿߣҲʧ٣ַ㣬˿̾Ȼվս̨֮ϣңǰãʵӵĿ¡
ַ㻹һֵ˲ԼǿߵҴ˿̵Ĳҵ档
ַ㣬üһħ¶һĨЦ⣬ûľַʧøӵȤź棬ղɻʶѣħžԼܵõ
ֵܣҾ˵ûôԳɴ֣Цƺʹ졣
ڵڶľ磬Ȼַ㣬һߵᣬдǳЦ
ѷ죬ôܲǧеķӦ˽ȻͬĿѣɫǴľȻûɱһ֮ˣַվս̨϶Ըӵܣ׵ܵܣǧޱȷŭ
ʧ𣡡ַ㿴ǧУһЦҲô
ľ㣿ǧɫĿ̨⳯ľȥַǱַģ֮ʱľַ㣬ǣôܾȵ˱ַ㣬ǧ벻ף־棬ӦǱŶԡ
ֻܵҪַ֪㣬ţң㲻ǵģֱַеЦݽ֮ɫ⣬·Ҫնգء
ǧ㣬ȥǧжǧȵ˿̵ǧֱڵѪѪ޷ָƣǱϵ˿ڴ֮Ѫ޷ָˡ
Ȼ֪ߣǣַ˵֮ʱɱû뿪˿һֱϣǧǳֻҪ΢΢һ£ַſһɱڵȣһʵʱʱǧеһ仰ַ㣬ǧǳƣɫѿַ˿̵ĽַץһᣬҪò
˿̣ǧҲַܲ㻹ľ磬ҪǱסղŰĽз籩Ѿܴˣֱ۱նһԪˣսȥڣҪո
ǧ㡣ַŭһǧĿһַͣ㣬˲㿴ַͫ׽Įڡ
ǧ㣬Ѿһۣǹڵģ㲻սַ̨ŭһջص·ƣһֱӹǧԺУħ֮˿ǧ־ֵ֮ʱħ֮룬ǧԺвַԼһ˫ħͫ
£ַһȣըѣֲǧ˫ϥ΢΢·Ҫַ¹
ǧڵȻᣬַҲڵȻᣬǧҪַɱĻᣬַ㣬ȴ׼ս̨Ļᣡаս̨ϵڲģѾ޹ʤǹǧַ㣬Ҫնǧ㡣
ǧŭһͼͷųչâ˫֮͸ޱȼ֮־ַܱħûκܵĻᣬɡ
ŭһɲǣַҲ̤뵽ңУҰ˷֮Լհ壬쵽˼ĵزͬʱĹ·ַͷţ֮ǧͫס
ˣǧ̤ղ˲Ϣս̨Ե졢ͬһ㡣
ռͼ׽ǧ嶼ַ˫ֳֽ̤Ų׷ǧ㣬󣬽ȴһֱδն£û뵽ǧ־ôǿͨ־ħ޷ҡֻǿɱ
ÿ죬ɱ𡣡Ⱥɫһ˵Ӱ·޷ˡ
ַŭһϮǧ㣬ǧǼݵһ˲䶯ҡͬʱֵַĽն˳ȥ
ɲǻߣնâƿգһУֻٶȣ쵽µٶȣ͸յٶȡ
ˣǧ嶸Ȼʧ̫ǿˣֻһ˲ɲƫƣλƶ˼ףȻɲǣַҲһûôѤ˵ϢĽɫ֮
ס֣ǧһˣһɲ֮ˣ֮ǰŭ𣬵صɲǣһɾµ֮٣˵ţ·඼Ҫ
ǧ㣡ʵ嶯ˣǧҪһ㶯ˣǧڵĵط֣Ҫ赲ַһ
䣡𵴣·ײ£Ҳ̨ڵĵط̤˳
һҵĽơ
˫Ѿˣֹǧ㱻նģǣһֹʣ
Ǳɱǧ㣬˫죬ɱ޾
ʣҪǰҶֵʱ㲻˵Υַһǧ֮ǰͷŵģǲûΥأʵ˵ƽȴĶ
ǰƺ־
ǵģǳ־ǵʱƺΪˣôֵԼ͸ıˣȻǧ㣬Ҳ˵ʲôܿϧûܾ
ɵĮԷû˵⣬ǣûнӴԵȥֻԣ
Ŀַ㣬ɱ֮ѹַϡ
Ϊұ̭ȻΥڻ֮Լʹ֮߱ɱʱһֲɱ֮Ӷֻо΢Щ䣬ڻ֮ԼڻܹȻΥ
ܺãƺֳĶַ³
Ҫлַ࣬нգַ㵭ĮһЦ͸ų֮ɫɫ΢Щ죬Ϊŭ


1409 Ҫ͵
Ϊ࣬Ȼַָһһ棬ʹǧлὫѷ֮һ£ַܺõĻŻˣǰǿ¡
ȻܷһΣͻеڶΣûκεвַ㡣
ɱһӣ㻹ɱڶַûκξ⣬ΨĮɱ֮ȻѾ˺棬ұ¶ݣҲûʲôٹ˼ɵˣѾΪждˡ
ַ㱾ô籩¶ڸղǧǾɱһ̫ǿòʹý޷ڸǣôֱδܷ֮£
ߣʱһ漴ǧеʬߣϷضȥ
ʣұ̭ڻ֮ԼԶδʼⶫʿʵıӰЦƺʹ죬Ҳˣһϲŭ֣Яǰѿն˫ӣֽȫ̭Ȼоʹ졣
ޱ飬˿޲ֻɱַ㣬ΪʣĿҲǼµģڻ֮ԼȻΥڻʻ֣һȵʢڻԶŴһֱ˸ΥµĹССֿԣܴߣβڻ֮Լ̨ɱַ㡣
ǻȥЦ漴ַһ̤뿪һսȻַսʤ
ַʹλ֮ʱĿң̨Ⱥʮ״ӣľ֮⣬ʮһӲսžޣǽڰ˻ʡ
ٿҷǰֻйˣʺǧУڲս֮ˣһʣ̭̭ңɱˣȱ̭ǿ߻Ҫࡣ
ңѾ޷òˣ˿̵ȨӦֵеģǣˡ
û֮ͬģпĹ޲óԼ⣬˶һ̭ҵľӢǰȫǶòֻ˾ռҺΪƣƣΪͬ˹ϵ
ǲظ̫ˣʱ仹أ̨ƽĮ˵һ˿̵ƺѾû˷ŭͱˣκڶݵʱ̸ƽƽ
޹ˣ𣡡ַЦӦʺһûᣬ˵Ŀ⣬˾ռҵϣȻֿ̭գڻ֮ԼҪ˾ռң̨
˿̨ûб̭ˣһʮһ״ӣ˾ռܶҶ
ʮһ״ӽ˾ռңǶ˾ռңһѰɣǽײ㲻˵֮µĽײ㣬ûκһ̨ܹ濹ģ̨ʣµ˲ģǣ⼸̨һֱû˱̭ʮһˣҲ̫١
Ȼͬ˲²˾ռûټ̨ˣǶԸʼңϾ˾ռǺҶԸʼҵģĵʼҶѣֻΪͬγɣ̨֣ȫɾ̨ʣµֶǿ˾ռұ˶ֵ̨ͷרĶԸʼˡ
Ľ֣˾ռʼײңʼҿʼֱ˾ռײ
սһΪ̶ľƣ˾ռҶսʼҡħѹСżԸ˾ռ֮ˣֻ߶񱤳һȷԼһʤǾԸʼһħ̨ûᣬʮһ״ӿʼɨ񱤵˴ǿۿ񱤵˲ϼ٣̨ȴʼձʮһ֮
־˺˵̨⣬ֻɱ˺̭ˣȴû˶Ըǡ
û̫ӳˣΪַղǧһս£ǧ㲻νǿڶʮУ֮Ҫҵǧǿ˺ѣˣұַɱȻ̫ҲǿȴðգַҲûô֣ܳҪʮ̨֮ʮٵ
Ⱥһ٣˱̭һЩƴòҵӪеȺ޼ٵЩ׵ȻңһʣҪ̨Լ񱤣̨ʮһ񱤻ʣʮˣ˾ռңʣʮˣ⼸֮⣬ʵʼʣµҲ࣬Ҫ칬ڣڵΪƺϲڣΪƵҩһǿߵսƫܵ衣
ʣµҪ¡ħңڣ⼸ƺһͬ㣬ƽ͵Ǿڻ֮Լչ¶սȴ˳Ծ¸ַŷǳǿڤУΨһһγ֣ɱһǳû˸
ǶҪϸЩ˻ΪܹвǵĶ֣ǵսľԵʮһλʦܿ˵֮ˣӦòϼȡѵܹսҲڹս򣬼ȡ֮ȡ
ÿһжҪһЩ׿β˵ЩнһЩ˵սǿײĻܹвǡаȺƽ˵С̨ôǿߣڻ֮Լȫ¶ԷҲһһЩУڸǰûм
˾ռҵƺֹһλĿ˾ռȺϣ˾̳˾ʵ֮⣬ֻһˣƺ
˵˾ռңʼҵʰѩֵܶ˲ҲͬѲôǿǣͬǿһ֮⣬ʼԵˣҲܿ¡
ɽĸڡ칬һĺħµһЩУѶԸʣµǼλ̫ӣҲǳǿʢ
̨Ⱥս˵ַն̫Ӻ̫ӣ񱤳λ̫⻹λ̫̫ӣܿ£ڣǶ̽һ̭ڻ֮Լ磬ھͿʼսϾ̨ΣѾһָտʼǰ㱻ȵǳҡ
ȥɱһλ̫ӣֵ̨֮ʱַһսѾʮַ֣һ̤ս̨
ַ񱤺˾ռҵǿͷ΢£ɫѿûҪԸַ㣬ѡ
ʺܵģѾַɱãΪ˱⼤ų̆ѾС̫ȥս̨ˣ̫ӻܣ¼ų̆ϣάȶľ棬̨ɱһЩˣֻҪλñá
ܲңַĿһ񱤷
̫Ӻ̫ӶܰǣҪɱȴѶȣǧ㱻ɱΪѾܴ£ǶԷһʼûдսĻɱַ૵漴Ŀڰ̫ϣĵһ̣
ַ㣡ӱ䣬ַ㡣
вңսɱ֮ʱ𡣡ַĵָŰ̫һ
̫ӽӲ̤սֱ̨ŭһ壬ȫ֮ףֱӳս̨ȥ
Ҫ͵ַŭһħ֮ΪᴩԷԴУöԷ񺣲漴ַŲԽ˲Ϣ٣֮â˲ն
նɲַٶŭХһ֮ͬʱ˳̫ӽŲӲ漴ǲ֮âͷ屻նΪΣֱѿ̫ˣħͷŵͬʱѾǿն㶼㲻
ַһħâתص̨壬ĿƽֶŵĻȴڻصҪ͵


1410 
ʳ˫ȭ죬շ·𶼲ɼ˿жôķŭ
񱤣̫ӣŴǿߣĽôϤǳΪδ֧Ȼڻ֮ԼڣѾַɱˣַһˣնλãĴ̫
񱤾λ̫ӣֻʣˣ̨һʮ״ӣ˿ѷɫ̫ӣй֮񱤺̨УҪսģն̨ľ񱤣˫֮䣬עҪһӰ˻ľ
̨֮󣬱Ϊңÿֵ֮ʱ֮˶ͷ鴤·и̴㣬ЩսԵˡ
Ŀⶢַ̨㣬Ŀ⺮䣬аһʱһ֣Ҫ
ַԲ֪˼һֵսţַһֱϸͨս̨ϵսײ֮˵ʵ½ǿֵùһЩǿײǳ£԰úֲ֮ܿʱҪذ㣬ֺͬǧǳսһ·ս̨Ҫ
ּǿַаƿؾذ壬ǽ޷սʤ̫ˣݻһУںϰͨټӸֵܿذǶԷ͵أǾͺܿˣЩǾǧߵһ
ңһЩܹ˲ʹʥֶͨΣУҲܿ£ݻԵĹɱǿ֮⣬һЩǿ߶شƵõ˺˵ĵزַ̨ͬϵĻþӰһ֮ԼУܹ屶ʮǿ
ַ㻹֣شƵƿƺ뾳ЩϵԽǿˣƿصԽ£֮뵽ͨ棬ȻҲԣܻЩﲻͬѰƷƺشƵŶص츳ʱƷľһ㲻ߡ
ʮֹһֵַ㣬񱤵ڳ鴤û⣬ַ̤ս̨ʱָָ̫ӣһ
⣡΢΢£ֶȵĶ˲䣬ַ̤ս̨һ̣ζֽһλҪսˣʹޱȵǣ֪·̫ɲòӲͷƤս̨ͷ·Ϊӡַ֤Ļ
û漣̫ӳܲסħͲַ֮ɱ̫һֻǶ˲Ĺս̨֮ϡ
ַնɱ̫֮󣬱ص̨ϥΪ̨ٵԵʣܹսΣһγսĻˣң񱤾ʣˣΣֵսѾ㹻ˡ
ȻַûսĴΣһĻʮУÿһʣµ˶Ѿʮ̨ʣʮһˣʮһڶʮвٵģսֻʣ˸λ
ϾʣˣʮҲҲжʮһɣƽÿһʮˣʮһˣȻ٣ʣˡ˾ռʣ˰ˡʼʣ¾ˣǳҡ
˶̭ڣʣµˣЩǳˡ
Ŀңϣֻһĺâ
ɫ΢һƶĹܻǲԴ˸Ҳй
ľһԵʦܣɻͷεĻǸκˣҪų̀ôһȡͷĻ֣Ͼֻһλˡ
һȡģʵ˵ַ΢䣬Ҫ̨ȷȡĽ綨
λΪȷƽȸλһʱʱϢֹ򣡡ϣʵȺԲʲô˵˿Ѿʱ֣һ⣬ЩǿߴӰսҹӺҹս죬ȴܵҹӡ
Ϣһʱ˵Ȼ飬ǿϥϢΪսҲĬĬָ
ַߵһ£ĶĴңܰ꣬û˵ֻɰַҲǳܣڵʱգ˶ΪԼӦþһ񣬺֪࣬ҾȻĺͬһַĸеοˣ֮£Ҳӵϧθ飬ֻԼܺߵжôĲף־˶ٻѡ
黯׺ħ·Ŀһ׺ǧ֮ǰİ׺
˵ԴַմԼ˫ѵõİž
£ĵһŶһֺգ½棬µһٴνˡ
ַ֣ƺܹܵеů⣬ʱ룬ô𣬾Ȼܹ̫֮շ쾭ʱ򣬾ܹ̫֮ʱΪ֮գͬһ
ɲַЦĵж¶һ˿ЦݣżȻлһͷһֱ˰ǷҲ˼¡
ţ૵ַ㣬ÿܹһ
ǺַЦ£пᣬ񷣬˭˼䷱̫ĲȷأʱǿһŭҪûɣûоԵʵͲİ
½࣬ʱ·羰͸ǿճ䡢ϸˮַ̾ЦЦֳַϼ˼ճ䣬ϸˮ


1411 Ⱥս
ʱŵҪһЩ̫ڶʣһʱʱҲ١
ʱַ˫ִĵϷſ建תһӰһĿַתʱ뿪ַ꣬վһâĳȥ
ʲôɫһ䣬ͫ͸һĨ˵
ս̨޹أ֮սַŲ̤Ϻ֮ǰ֮ıҲˣѾع飬꾹Ĳģкܲʹ졣
Ҿܾɫѿַս
ܾսҲҪսַͫĮսΪθŮˣսҲҪս
ҽΪ̨ӣҲɱ㣬ֻΪַŲһ̤һֻ޴ħƳշѹȥϢȣһռ䷢֮Ҫը
ŭһ˫жȻӿֲֿɫַüͷһ壬·ȣҪ۾
ɱһǿҵΣ֮н٣ַ֮ͫжȻһ⣬Ķִɱꡣ
ͣ£ַŭһħ֮־ᴩͫףҲŲ·ͣ漴һŴεĿϣַɫʵҲ߱ͬ˵ˣ߱ͬˣʲô֯˭
߱ͬˣ̨˾㶼һĿⶢ꣬Ҳ߱ͬ˵ˣ
ַ㣬ɣŭһȻӿ޾ɱַ֮Ŀһ͵ĺˣ漴屻򽣴̴һŰҲ£ԼɱԼ
úݣַĿһ߱ͬƺɲ⣬ǰ㿪ʼӴɱʱҲҪɱ˲ʲôǿ˲߱ͬɱ֣䡢ǧԼһ֮ʱһλҵǿߣֳһ켣̨ꡣ
ʦַ֣㿴ľüͷţ֪ľ߱ͬ˽١
ַ㣬֮ǰҲ𣿡ľַһ
ңһһλɱִɱң֮ǧ㣬һҲҸܵ߱ͬͬϢַӦһľüͷҲ̲ס£漴Ȳȥˣ׼Ӧʵսɣ
áַ΢΢ͷ߱ͬһ£ˮڡ
ϸһڻ֮ԼһֵĹʣ໹ˣڻԼֻʣһˣһһսĻףȺսɣ̤ͨս̨أ뿪ս̨ʮΪֱ̭ʣһ֮ʱһԺֹͣҵĻһ£˶սΪΣʵϴ̨֮Ȼͬ²һȡεĻ֡
һ֣Ҫʣһˣַɫһͣڻ֮ԼȻǰ˻ڶʵԼ˻ľ츳һôַѾ²⣬ڻ֮ԼǣһЩ֮£ǵıʤѣĻص˺ص˱˭ⱾһֲƽԱȣûԡ
һֲпѪȵ̭һˣڻ֮ԼĿΪʲô
һֽҲһлַ֪а
£˾ʺѾڸʣֵͬĹô飬ʣһֱڵɱ̨֮˵Ļᣬַ㣬Ҫˡ
ʣˣλн䣬ңλǳ̫еǰλһλصǿߣǿµǿߣһȺսȫѹַ㣬ַ㣬ܲ
Ҳͬ⣬ȺսһЩ˳֮ΣһЩ츳ǿĺӵܣħĿʣĮ˵ڻ֮Լڣһγֲͬħ֪Һ̨̨һʮһ״ӸֻкһλһȺǿͬʱѹȣǽֱԤˣң˭֪ǷһЩĻϲ֮˲̨ԵĽǶȿǣһеġ
ħʣϣַȻΪַ츳ǿֻΪַӦ飬Ϊѡ
ս͹ս̨һΪ⣬˾Ȼʵʣһʵлʣ˰˴ޣǿ󣬼㲻ҲнѪӵпµ츳ʣƺǺš
Ҳͬ⣡ңʰ˵ңһֱ͵ʣĶࡣ
գʮλʣͬģʮˣʣʮˡ
ǺǣȻʮλͬҵĹôζſʵУһսǶ£ˣһ̤ս̨̭һˣһʱ̹עһ֮ͣ㲻׼ٳ֣
Ц˵£ʮλͬаλʲͬ⣬ʱض򣬵Ȼûִ㣬ǼʵС
ˣ̤ͨս̨Һʼһɲǣζһֵսƽ˵һ͸һĨ֮⣬ɱɣԽпԽã˿޹ء
̨񱤷һŭ̫֮ӽŲһ磬죬֮ףս·Ҫȼ̫á
ַ㣬̫ͬһ¡һ죬彵ͨս̨֮ϣĿң̨򣬷·ҪղŵһɨգɱҲûκεˣɱɱһ֣նַ㣬̨
һֵĹȷ̨ǳҪѪˣַղſɱλ̫ӣа񱤵ǿߣҪַ
ַ㣬һսһҪɱ㣬һСģľַ˵һսЩΣգʣµλܿ£ǰս̭üλλǧ̡
ףַͷҪɱûаΡ
ͬЭǻᣡĿ棬˵
ս֮󣬶ңֳƮŲһ̤ͨս̨ȥ̨ʮһ״ӣ׷̤ս̨Ʈƣǵͫ׵Уκξ⡣
һɽ֮ϣ˳ս̨ʱ˵ǿݣȫͨս̨֮ϣһʱ嫵ϢɨգֲĺХ֮
䣡ַϣħӰ֣ԵħƳ񷣬ҡϣħϿգޱȣַͫ׶ޱڣſµħ־ͬʱ֮ϣԵɱ¾ħȭ۶ɣȭ£ǽΣâҪ죬ǳ¡
֪һսѪȷ磬̤ս̨Ҫȫսκ
սһȣɱͨս̨ϵ˷·ܵһ̣ͨս̨֮ϣ޾ɱ֮·۳ɿ·籩ɨȥ


1412 ս̫
ٶͬʱս̨֮ϣս̨㹻嫿ɵˣһս˵Ļսս̨ʮҲһ㹻һսƴʵҲ֮ս
ˣɱͬ͵Ĳΰ㳯ַѹȹλͬʱսµɲǣɱַ㣬Ĵλַ㣬ɱ£ÿһ˵϶͸ſ֮׳˿񱩵С
ս֮ˣաаáս̫ӣ졢ޡݲУս۷֮ˣʣַ֮һս˲俪ڣλǿͬʱòսԵһսԷַǿµġ
ą̃˵ͷͬʱԼ֣غָǲõǿߣսĹַߣ̫ӣֻ̫صʵ⻯Ϊ֮£ǷǳΪ˽սĹַһս
ɱ̫ӳɱֱۿ趯ÿռҲַץŶֱȫۼףſµС
𣡡սս̨֮ϳһͷµսޣȻǻΪĻĽսսӴ޾ս⣬ǳŶԷֱۺȥ
Ĺͬһһƺɱʱһʯ̫Ӻɱȥʯ·һɽ㣬ѹȥ¡¡Ĺ졣
ͬʱַԼҲˣ̤ںϲ˲Ϣ̫ǰֳֳֽ֮ŭնգݻһС
𣡡̫ӿХһһͷͷַɱȥַնĽâײ˲ըѿ
ɱ̫һֱ۳ѹȶµʯȥʱһµı졣
ɱַɱ¾ħȭϵĺɱħȭᴩգ벻֮⣬ɳĿħȭһУݻӰͬʱֵĲ֮Ҳͣնɱգһһϣ·ֹ
ţ̫ɫһַնĽӳħȭȻƽϢ۳ɿµĽз籩Լɱ¾籩ͣݻٵǰһУǳ¡
ġҶԸˣ̫ŭһ㲻Ҫ̫Ӻ̫Ҳ֪ɱսĹ̫ɱַ㡣
ûսĹĹ̫ӱоѹС˲٣һŭƿգһС
ɱ̫ڿնƳַȻһۣʱкƳһ޴צַɱȥ޴צ·Ҫַ˶ȥ
˴ַ֮ͨɫһеĽŭ촫޵צ·ʵڵİ㣬ֱ
̫һ̤գ¡¡Ŀֲַѹȶȥֻ˫ȭ裬ȭգع·ն
նַĽٶȳǰɱ¡һ죬ȭ漴ǿȭַ⳯ţһС
䣡ַ˫ȭһɱ֮ɱ¾ħȭȭ֮ϣµĲ·͸ֱַۣڣƺһ屩ˣ񷣬ɫ΢Щ԰ף̫ӵʵ̫ǿ̫ˣΪصƿذ۷İÿһͨ·ش֮ǳǿʢ¡
ʱսѾȫţĴǿֲı֮ͨս̨˷ȫǿµĹַ㶼ܹĸܵһΧŰš
Ŀⶢ̫ӣַ͸ſµħ־ħ־ΪԷľǿԼ־ǿ˶Ըһ;ȴӵսԶȶԸһҪףΪǿǿʢ֮᲻ɴݣҵĻᡣ
ַ³һʴԷ塣
Σ̫һѪһͷͷڿХѹȥ
˵һ̫ӱ˵ХֹѪ֮з·һͷѪɫ壬Ҳڷ⻯ķ·ҪѪɫڽ嵱С
ɣ̫ͷŭַֻоڵѪҺ·Ķ·Ҫ嶼ѹȶѣҪ嵱гȥŭ
ŭ죡
̫ӳַɱȥʱкһ˫˫µ֮ץҪַ˺ķѣضҪͳ
ˣĿĲལâ趯ݺ֮䣬֮䣬ַ·𱻲֮аУǿֲצϵĺڽ֮ϣȻ֮·ܹ޵ӣԽԽǿַ㻯룬֮С
ַŭХһʱ޾â˺أըݻΧһС
Զһսǿ߶ܲᴩͷ­ֱӱԩɱ֮צҲϵĴݻٵ
Ҫַһ̤¡¡Ĺƻڽַ彵̫ǰħ־Էͫ׵УҪݿԷ־
ݻٲҵ־̫ӵͫ׵кһͷͷŭ𣬺ֵĿֲħ־Կǿȹ̵̫ӣԶͨǿ߻Ҫǿ࣬־ѹ壬Ǻַ㾳غصǿߣַħ־֮¾ܽԷѹݻٵȻɱ
ҲɱǿߣԺ󻹻ɱֵܣַ˵ɱԺɱ練ƣݿࡣ
ַÿһŭ֮ħᴩԷ壬ԷУħͫѹԷ
ѹҵ־Ҳ޷ɱˣ죬һҪ̫ӽŲ̤գַһ˶Юһɿ´֮ѹȶԷ̫־ַ㿹⣬ڶԸַͬʱҲڴԼ־᲻ɴݣܹѹ־γɾͻλ
ȻأԸҸռκƣʲôɱңУַŲٶһ̤ħ죬գ·ǹžеħһľħȴֳִҪƬضûܹ赲
ַ̫ӻ۵ƶײ¡¡Ŀ죬һɿֲ֮籩мҡϣ񷡣
ħ𣬽ҲҪɱ㣡̫ӷ·ӵޱȼ͵ľģŭϣ˿ͬ㣬ޱߣΧ֮ƶ·۳һͷͷӰµ˼¡
ֿµƣһλصҪӲѹݻ٣


1413 
ƺǸܵߵƣ˲ɵóɨһۣаÿ£ַ㲻ɱ̫ӣ񣬾ܹ̫սֵزƺˣ·Ҫѹء
ȼհɣַͫг޾ıħ⣬ħ֮кл浮ħħںϣΪΪĻħ棬ַеĽ֮ϣµĴ֮ͺХ·Ҫϣħ𣬻ĻġڲϵĽڻۡ
ħ־ǰԵǻħǿںϳɸӿµħģΪĻټϻġӵµĻ֮ƺڽУһУеڴˡ
ḯ֮࣡·ҲҪ棬ַϣһ֮ħ־·Ҫڽ֮С
𣡡̫ӿХΧȫĴƣַܣ޾ַ˺ҧȥ
ݡݡַеĽȻͷſµĽ⣬·ǧ궼ɢȥܷ·𱻽֮Ļ֣ݻһУһͷͷ˺ɷ飬ȵش֮Խѹȵϣǹɲ֮õ뵽֮С
𡢺𡢺𣡡ض̫ڳˣûٸַĻᣬƬյ뵽ϣһͷ׵壬Ҳһ뵽֮ϣַ㣬ض¡¡죬·ҪѰ㡣
ɱַħӰХֹնħ֮ǰնɱȥһǾħն
䡢¡¡Χշ·ֱըѿռ䶼Хֹ࣬ݺݵײһһɿµ˳ֱַۡ塢Ѫǣ³Ѫսôȹ̣㲻࣬·𳹵׵ڽУһնԴ档
ӴԴҲѪȻԴ⽣Ȼḯ࣬һֱǣûб
𣡡Хղ
ַһħ񣬻Ӷɱ¾֮ԿӰХħ죬ͬʱַ֮ͫУֲħ־ԷԺ֮Уһľ֣µϮ˿ڣϵи
̫ˣ·ͬһ˿µĽκ඼Ҫնɱ̫ȴ𣬿ɼ⻯ֶͨε˺̶ֳȣ͸㣬޵Уն˿̽͸ȥٿ£ҲҪ֮նѡ
𣡡޴βַɨַһֻֻۿ֮͵ն˳ȥɱ죬¡һ죬֮β˿ڣѪǾβɳַɨռ䷢¡ը죬ֱˡ
ս̫ɱͨǿ߶׾ˣַĿһХֿ֮ħ·ϡ
𣡡Хַ·𶼱ÿ񱩸ߴӵ޾Ŀ
ɱɱ¾ħȭβȥ¡һ죬ֱַ۷·ҪѿĽŲδãħ˲սݡ
໡ַĿħ˻ضըѣַı󣬷·Ҫľħ
ʱһɱ֮ǳ̫֮ڣǴϿչַ̧ͷȴһӰͻȻ֣һɱֱӴԴҪħԴ̴ɱ
ɱһŭһ˫µͫԼַ·嶼ӵУ޷԰Ρ
͡͡һ֮ɱϢΨ˻ǶҪ޾ΣУɱ֮
СģһҪɱַ㣬̫ӿսɲǣΧս˾Ȼ·Լ˰㣬ΪĬİսɱҪ
߱ͬ˵ɱ֣һ˾ռǿߣַ棬ȫɱ
𣡡¡һ죬֮жȻһ޴ʯĹ¡һ죬ַᵽ棬Ĺˡ
ƣ̫ŭһ޴צĹȥ촫Ĺѣ漴һֲ֮Ĺȥ
ݼţݲнŲ̤ʱַڵնҪήû
̤ʨֳִһҪնؼ
ûģһĺ̫Хֱ۴͸գſѵĹץȥƱҪɱַ㡣
סȻҪɱɱʹ죡ɫ䣬սֻ̨ؽϵնɱʱ׳գֻŭХԨ֣·Ҫһֻ·
Ҫʲô
֣ӣ
ȺһɫӲѿޱȣˣֿһǿɱַ㣬Ҫ裬նֻأȫˣжɱ٣ֱӽһ٣ȥɱȫˡ
һħǿַ߳ϿգޱȵħƺԷֱۣħַһҪסַ㡣
ɱ˾ռҵһλǿ߷ʱַڵմңһŤһǿȫַ㣬·ַΪģ۳һ޴ɱ籩
նһĴ֮ǿնɱȥϽɣ³һַƯȥ۳ɿµĽɫâĹӡ档
䡢䡢䣡̫ӷĺɱŽɫĹزɫĹϵѵ
˿̣еֻԨ۶ɣֻؽָֻ֮⣬·һֻͨ
ɱֽһָʱֻ֮·һ֣˲Ϣϲ·ֻؽʹࡣ
ֱһƺһ漴Ŀɢ
ɱɱɱֻؽֻ֮⣬ϵЩɱַǿϣЩоԵ񱤵ǿߣҲ˾ռҵˣ⣬ƺв˲룬ǲҪɱַ㣬̨ͻɱ̨֣
̫ˣ嫵ս̨ǾӢǿߣ˿̻սΨŰĻ籩˶ֲʱͱһƴӺɱˣЩרɱˣ˵
ʱѿĽɫĹ֮УͻȻѹֵϢͷųǼѹֽĹȸܵĲϢĹġ
ʦ֣ˣɱĹһ漴ˣλսʦֵ£漴Ҳ˸˱ܿ
λʦ֣ſɱʹɣĹٺһ˶ͷͷųµɱ⣬һŷ͵ĳһλǿȥʱըѶո֪һˣ֮˳۾ɱɱʣһˣ


1414 ն̫
ʲôֶΣձֱ̫˺ѿռ䣬һը촫ǽɫʯѿͬʱ̫ԼΧüλǿͬʱɱ˱ַ㣬ؽţûκ·
̫͸ɱ⣬һοַôѣôͬʱº֣ɡ
ţôһɻ̫ӵֱۿɱȥɲһɲĸо漴һĽз籩вƳɼ룬ַ棬˸ͿַӰΨǷ籩֮ϼ롣
ȻʯԲĽⲼֲĽ֮籩̫һֱ۶ȻֹͣǰУǻһĽⲻ֪Ƕٲལ۶ɵģÿһⶼһɱ¾֮ȴַӲòۺһ𣬳˴˿̵Ľ롣
ɱַҲɫ󾪣ȻӲĽֹסҪˡ
ɣַŭ֮ӽдһ̣޾֮⻯ǿɱ¾籩ըɱеһС
ұַƼݺᣬͬħơ

ü˻֮ǲ֮ȫƵһɲǣǺ˵ģʵһЩֱӱ⴩͸壬Դֱʬ׹ս̨
𣡡̫ŭһֱΪ뽣֮籩бֱ˺ѵˣ⻯ŵԱס̫צͬȫѪңϡ
ɱ̫ӣһֵֻؽնɱ£ֻع̼併̫ӵϣֻ̫оҪ˺ѵΪңϵķʹĺ֮·⻯ζ޷ά֣ҪΪ
̫ˣ·п̷ֻһ
ݼţݲŭһʱ̫ӵѪҪɿݼӴҪήҲͬʱ֣Ϻ̫ӵϣҪֱӽŰɱ̫κλᡣ
ң̫ŭһ彥ĻΪûǿµĵֿӵң˿ƣѪҺҪѪҲҪɺԵղ⻯ʱ򿴲˿̲ŷжҡ
̫ӷĳ̫̫ҲսĶɱаõȺüֵַסĹƣҪɱһŻ̫࣬һҪɱ
ˣһ貵ľ鶸Ȼ併̫ӵǰ漴޾ǳ֮䣬һĿ貵ǳ壬赲̫ӵǰ
꣬ǳ֮飬зǳ
ƣ̫Ҫǳ˿еĺһն£ֻع·̫ӷϵĺг·Ҫ㣬ֻ֮ʹͬʱֿܵµ
ַʮɱ¾ħȭ벻֮ɱ¾ħȭ۳һޱ߾޴Ŀȭ⣬ĳ̫Ӻȥ
̫ӷ·ӣޱʹ໹Ҫϵֹֿɱ¾ħȭᴩֱۣţ·ؿڶɫɷףѪ
ܣ̫ӷŭ𣬵ǳ֮з·޾ǳһƬǳĻ޷Խ
Ѫ䣡ַ³һ彵̫ӵϿգ˫־һ֮ڻۡ
ʦǣһ֣αжٲַ˵һպĹ˵ͷ֮ɱ˹ȥһ޴ʯԼյĴӡһնȫ̫Ͻȥ
̫˻¶֮ɫ漴ĽâʯһɱѪ䣬̫޷סµĹ屻˺ѵˣʬս̨ϳ鴤£漴
ܣ̫Ʒֱ۲ͣĺǳĪɫ԰ףһع飬޷赲סˣ̫Ѿ㹻ˡ
ַ㣡Զɽ֮ϣ˻һأ·ɽ嶼ɪɪһˣĵشϵģлɾ֮λˣΪַ
̫ӣѾλ̫̫ӡ̫ӡ̫ӡ̫ӣ̫ӣ˴룬֪˿̵ʶַжʹޡ
ս̨֮ϣյɱ̫֮ȫ̫ӣΧ
˾ռҡãӰ֣ɱңܺãַɱ죬һ̤漴֮Ȼɱһλõǿ屻Σ
ʹɱɣҲ¶ɱ⣬Ҫˮɱ̨˺ַܶ࣬˵Ǽв롣
ֻأɱֻ֮ɱ£ձ漴ֻԨ֮·ȥ˲佫˵ûҵĺУֱӽֻԨ档
㿪˾ռҵһλǿŭһַֻ㳯λ˾ռǿɱ˹ȥΰߴޱȣԵħֳնһС
ַ㣬ңһλ˾ռҵں˶սַɱĺһ
ңַħͫɨһۣ漴Ųһֲ̤Ʒ·ǰǿ˼֣ѹ̫֮ˣһλ˾ռǿ߿ַ۾֮ʱ˲˽ȥ
նַһɱ屻ֱնɱ
ǿһһ£ֻͨսĻڴ˿ַǰԵúܴͺ񲻿һʱַ״̬ȫʢĹͨһܲ
ַŭһ֮ʴԷ壬öԷ΢΢£漴һ֮£ֱӱնѿɱ
սŵ˾ռɫѿɱ¶ͫޱȣַ㣺˾ռһɱ㣡
ʦ֣ɱַ³һɫһ̧ͷȥ漴ֵֻֻ֮նɱŵɫ䡣
ȥɣսʼɱͷţ͸壬
˻һҪܣȴַ̤ǰЦ˾ռɱɱң㿴ˣ
ַ֮ͬʱ£ɱ
ַħͫһɨȺҵս֪˶ˣһ˲Զ˰ɡ
Ųһַ̤㳯һλõǿȥһַҪܣһɲǻߣնһȣĶ׷նɱ
նڴʱַ㷴ֱһȻһĽȴǺޱȼӲ֮ϣĿĽɫޱȿ񱩵ĻһӲӵצҪץѣַϿգ޾Ľɫ⡣
ַ˫ȭһɱ֮ɱ¾ħȭըŰɫĹ⻪֯һ𣬽΢΢ˣ֮ϣѾħ˫Ӽĺ䣬Ķַ㣬Ұʮ㣬֮¡


1415 ·в
浱Լ񣡡ַŲһ̤ħ֮ͫħ֮־ͷţ֮ᴩħͫħͫ΢΢һַ㾹Ȼ˾ħ۵ֶΣң챻쵰ȥĹžʲô顣
ѽħХһ죬˫͸ռ䣬貵ĽɫУַѶȥ
졢ٶ̫ˣħΪҲֻضѣٶص޷⣬ӵǿޱȵļٰ壬ͺһѩܹѩ˸翣ߣӵ츳
֮Ҳأҽԣ£˫ɫ֮ţȽҪѵշ졣
ն֮ŭնĽ촫ΪĴ̶ֲɱ֮һӣнɫѪҺնַԴиԴֱӱն
ˣַ̤ˣµĽɫǰиһɫ·ǳ¡
ԽԽˣ
ַаħԲħŭХЮشƵַŲǰݺݵһֱ̤ӳɱĽȥ
ҲҪɱַХһý漴ַ˫һնɱ
ħ£·Ϊ貵Ľɫַ֮ײ͸ſµ޼᲻֮⡣
ķ̫£ԸƾͷҪصޱǿʢУַаŽƿɱ¾ַϱĿħӰŭݣһ̤Ƶӣַɱ¾ħȭɱȥƬرħȭᴩϵû
Ӱ磬ַŲ̤˳ȥȻħϷɱ¾ħȭϺɱըýŭХ֮¿׹ȥ˫͸Ѫ֮
ɱųٶȵһһ̫ˣôǿĹصһҪɱɱǾԵ츳ѹǰ
ܵɱ⣬ַȻת˫նâأɫ˲Ұף漴նѵͬʱڷɱ¾ָֻͣĹ񱤵ǿߣɱս̨ˣֻԨݽȥ
ͣսһϴһһˣ͵ô
յ嶸Ȼ佩ַ㣬ַħҲڽ˵ÿ죬ӿսڲûжõʱ䣬Ѿһˡ
ʵʵһ˿ģһֱΪ̨̨ʮһ˵ŽǿһսµһûɱַҲúõĻţǱ̨ɱ٣̨ϵٶʮˣһ˾ɱ˶ʮҡ
´ɱ㣡˵ǿҡ
ɱַŭһý嶸Ȼ䳯ȥ漴ַֻ¶ķ֮⡣
ҵǲ⿾񣡡ַһ漴ֱתȥˣһѱҰʮ㣬ַûԼޣҲЩԹ
ַʦֻصһĿ̧𣬿ϣֻɫĮôƣ䵭˵Ⱥɡ
֮ϣɨһн֮ˣǶ񱤷ɫӲѿʣˣλ̫ӣֱΪ̫Լ̫ӣص̫Ӻ̫ӡ
ַ㣬ɺܺõĻţ˳õһң̨һõʮһֲܿһ֡
ˣɢ˰ɣʵ˵һ漴ת̤ϳڣҵսȥûͣһһ룬ֱˣҵȫ̭ûһսҡ
ɢˣַɫһоͻأôɢˣڻ֮ԼΪʲô
ַ㣬ʵ˿̺ܶ˶Ҫ֪ڻ֮ԼռĿʲôǿ޷֪ˣֻǽһˣҲ֪Ӧǰ˻ľ֮¡
ǻȥֿ˵һ漴̨˷׷׳ڵɽȥ
ַعͷɨһ۾Īϧˣ΢΢ͷ漴ƮȻȥ಻ɻ󣬲ַʻὫһжġ
ַ㣬һһεģʵĹ漴񱤵ǿ̤սͬ׼뿪ˡ
вһλ󱲣Ƿʣƽ˵һʵһɱ֮ĿУ̨ķ˫ͫ·ܹɱˡ
ߣą̊́ʶ̨˵漴һ֮ϳһƬƲ㣬ʵӰֱӽƲ֮ϣǣ̨һԽϡ
Ķַߣ˽ʮһ⣬̨ǿ߶ڣҲ˵ʲôڻ֮ԼĿģȷǷǳ֮£ûпڵ˼Ȼǲ˶֪
ƲƶǰУٶȿƲ죬ַȴĿľ˲ûˣֻգ۵ʱһطɼٶж졣
ڰ;֮УǰƲ㶸Ȼ䷭ֺѹǵĿֲȸоʵ˫Ȼͫ״գƬ޴ҲֹͣǰС
ʣǿɻûл̨أǾ̲סĻҲڻʲþ䣬͸գǷƲ궯κӰֻһϢѹ·ѹȺϣܿ¡
ʣһ⣬ƺЩ䲻أǱ̭ѵҪǿӲֶζԸ̨ɡ
Ǻǣֻ֪һ̨ʮһλӣ֪мܻȥһζ˵ĶĤУ漴Ʋ񷭹ƻ۳һӰȥת֮ʧʼնûпӰȷʵ
в̨ĵһĿ֮ɫ֮˱̭ɱʾ·в
ԺҵһҪɱɱƽ˵һ漴һ˼ǰУֻƬ֮ɱ֮ƣ


1416 ֮
쾳ą̇̄Ȼ򣬺޾ӵɽݡ
̨ϿգƲ漴һƬ֮ƽ٣Ʋ֮ϣӰ
ʦʦֻˡ
˲ˣӦû˳̨֮ϣ˲Ⱥڻ֮Լʲܽ˶ȥв̨˿̿ʵ˹Ƕ֪ڻ֮ԼĽ֡
ȥɣʵ˵һ״ӷ׷׳¿նȥЩΣǲδΪ״ӡ
ʦ𣡡ַ㺰һƺַ뷨عͷ΢ЦǸ߰ɡ
лʦ𣡡ַǷһЦ漴Ŀת̨·ȥ̨˵ڻ֮Լ̨ʮһ״һ·˻ģϣгһл״֮Уʹð˻֪ǵĴڣгһ£⣬̨ҡԼ˾ռҽԹҪŶȻС֮ˣŬԼʵȫ
ף˶΢΢ʵ˵ͷ漴Ʋƿգ죬񷷭漴ʵʧߵУ̤ϡ
죬һĵطճǱ𣿡ڶĳ޾ĺ֮⣬йѪϣгһܹ̤һۣǵ㽡
ʱʵˣѾϣε񷣬һ޼ʵƽԭܰԶĴׯżЦƮ˵ĶĤ֮С
ˣ˵ԭʼ֪ʱܹչʿһ޼ʵأЦһ
ַ꣡ͷ΢΢£漴ʵʦѵ죬ʵС磿
Ŀַϣ˫¶ǵɫЦ΢΢ͷԣ죬ʵҵС磬С磬һ磡
һ磡ַ㿴ޱ֮أ߹ƬС磬ǳ嫣в˾סڽķܣǣСеľƬС磬һֻǼʷȵǧ֮һֳ֮һʢ
ǲ֪˵Саɣַ૵һķչǰҲǧܵ棬粻һǧ꣬Ҳ޷Сʢ
ԭҵõʹС磬ƬؾһƬС磬ʵ̨ͬһС֮ءַʹڵؾƬؾһ硣
ַ㣬˵֮һɱĻᣬʹԵʶַ΢Ц˵δܿˣ˳⣬ÿ˶ֻܹԵ̨һʮһ״ܹڻ֮ԼĻԵѲĹϵ
ɱ䣡ַһ֮⣬ܹǿʢȻܾ
лʦ𣡡
ˣǶԱȥʶ˵
ٺ٣ַʦ츳ѾֲˣǾǱϴڴַʦܵ츳ö£սЦ˵ַûо츳Ѿ㹻ˣɱһΣΪ졣
״ӷ׷˱߿Ҳ˵һԣַֻվʵߡ
ֻʻ˻֣ʱ·һöˮʵзɳ֮У˸ˮâ֮ﾹһţ͸貣ǳƯϵǳ֮·𶼱ǣʱһƬգŴ۵ĶĿ֮⡣
ⱦҺʯһλԵżȻõҺʯʶ֪ʲôı޷ȫԦƺֻԼǼˣҲܹı˵ˣ·ӵж컯ΰ츳ɱ䣬ƾҺʯʲнգڶ̶̵ļ𡣡
ƽĻַͷ΢΢ʯʺʶ֪ʲôıңӵж컯֮ΰı˵츳ⱦδҲ̫ˡ
˽ΪҺʯʴɣҲϴɵУҺʯʻûôõͬǬ߳һɣ֮ʵϣ뿪֮󣬾ĥ츳ȷһЩ֮Ҳ㹻ͣһ̤ʬһĳɾͣμڻ֮Լǣɻʣȴǵõⱦ֮顣
ʵҲûʲôǳ̹ȻⲢ̫ٵ̹ԶַʦԽΪ壬츳ΣػԼĵǰ˵Լ츳ûеôá
ַ㣬ȥɣϣáʶַЦַ΢΢ͷ漴̧Ų̤֮ǶĿĹâ֮С
ˣһ͸֮ų֮ϣÿһŶͷųֲ֮⣬ҫ˵۾޷
ǿþ̾һ
ַʦܵ츳ÿ£ĪҲͷ̫ǿˣ֪ⱦﻹӵм츳ãվ츳ԽǿâԽΪҫַۣվȥ֮ǱŵĻ̫ǿˣ۾ֱӡ
ʿһĻҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬漴ֻĿĹʣ·֮컯۳һַϣϴַ塣
ʲôµıַվһ͸֮У΢գ˿оԼãã֮У޾컯壬ڣë׶ܵޱȵʣ˵ζ̫ˣͬһȫûһطġ
оԼĽŲÿһϸ̰컯ϵĴԼ壬׵á
ڸҵҵַа۾ſһУָѹ̨ļλʦֶַǳЭ֮УҪжôǿ󣬶ϣܹõǿȻǿҲǱȻġ
һֱ컯֮Ǳ̫ˣַţҲ֪뷨ʵʣֻ
ڵѪʼХ컯ıƺֿʼѪָɲѪöôǿʢѪظӵϣƾǿѪ
ַϣѪ죬·ÿһѪܹʵĸӦصϡϣ֮
ϣеǳָɱ䣬ֱһܡ
𡢺𣡡Ѫһͷͷ֮׸ַ֣ܣҡϣһͷͷޱߣͷ㶼ޱ͡
Ҳַܴһǹ컯֮ʼַ꣬Хֹͷ˱仯һ޸һɫһӰӡ
Ϣڱǿԯ޸ϼԽԽʢ׵ӵ貶ĿǵӰӣϢ


1417 һЦ
֮ţ컯ʲôĴڣʦܹõȷǴˣ˵츳ܹ졣״ӿǰһĻие̫֮ˣ컯˵˵Ѫǿ˵ܴ꣬꣬ϴһһɱ䡣
Щ״ӱ츳Ͷ֮ŵĴ֮ǸӷԼĲѪظӵϣҲǿˣǸҿ϶λúǵһĻԲǸǿҲ˵ûǿĴУƾ֮ɿֲ
ңʦ˵ǲ֪ʲôıҲ޷ƿصˣܹ֮ƿصĻǷӿ£
ʱַϣŭХſ貶Ŀҫޱȣɫľ޸·Ҫأд޾İԵ
ڴʱ֮Ÿӵˣ޾Ĺ֮ϱƺҪҪһϴ˵꣬ɶ츳ĳ׸죬˵ɱ䡣
֮Ŷȡ컯޾⻪䣬ᴩַ壬һַ̣ĸܵڲҲͷſµĹâ
ˣڴ˿̣ϼǧɣУǶ֮Ŷ컯Ϯϣ·ֲϼɢ޷ᴩַַ֮ܽС
ţʵɫ΢΢һĿǰһĻô֮Ŷ˶˶죬߲ϼɢᴩַǶߣ׼ᴩַꡣ
ô£ĿһַͻȻӿֵϼɢˣø죬ûϷҾ챦Ҳݡ
ľ챦ֹ˵΢΢һʱǶ֮ŴַϳصʵС
ʱַȻ۾һĲ֮ɫôղţǶҪꡢϴʱͷϼ⣬ÿһҳ궼ڷǹɶɢø졣
ַ㣬û°ɣһַǰһ߲ϼô¡
ַ꣡˫һգȭг޾ÿһë׶ǳʣ·ظӵϣˬûκ⡣
û£ҸоܺãַЦ£ʿһ۴˿̾Ө͸ַ㣬΢΢ͷȷʲô飬ѵйأ֮춼á
ûжʲô磬ǿֻڴ˵ĴڣдһƾηҲйһ˿ɣǷŪûŪĻҲҲģûбҪȥңַʸ츳ԼԼǿ־Լԣ㲻׸죬Ҳκ˲
ЩǺúþģһһԼҪ뿪СˣʺʿɲŹǣַҪע⣬ʱ䵽ˣǣ˵һ漴΢ʧ·ƾʧ˰㣬ʵС磬ʶ
ʱ䵽ˣǣַ˵ֻľЦԵַ㣬ڻ֮Լûнˣ
ûͷ΢΢һڻ֮ԼռĿһˣʲôļ
ַ㣬ĸоôʦֵַЦʵ
оǳãǿˣƬϣˣַ˵еĸоûԣʵ볹׸ֻһų⣬⵹ΪƣַҲûȥ룬Ȼǿ󣬵Լһ̤죬κ˲һ
ԽǿԽãǵĶֿǺܶ࣬ҡ񱤡˾ռңȻɱ˲ˣǿߣҺ˾ռңǵĵ̫޷ȡĹΪ侲˵Уַ񾳽粻ߣɵøϿʺʼ»˺Ը㡣
ףַΪȻĵͷȷǸ⣬ɱҲˣɱʼλã汻Էһʵ棬ϧһɱԼġ
ʣַ˫ֽգĿɻ֮·ôףѡԼİ֮·һֱˣڴгһհ죬֤ΪʣӦòݡ
νڻ֮½ϣʺͷǻʣһ޴Ŀвܿ¡
ʦܣǾͲˣúùһʦС磬ЩеǷˣսˬЦʦֵܶ׷˸ȥַʼ磬һȺʦֵܵǲо¾ս
ߣȥһƬ磡ַǣĵ֣漴΢ڿնȥƶ˹ƬС硣
һд䡢̣ɽҲгǳأȻҲ벻ʦȻҪչС磬ȻҪСǿʢ١
һ֮󣬲ã֮ϣһƥɫĿڴ֮ϳ۳ң֮ϣһݵ껳ˣޱȡ
ַ㣬ǵǵһ𣡡ַǰ棬ַ˫ֱַ󣬿ַϡ
Ȼǵãʱĳ˻źҪҽأַ¶õЦݣϡǵó֮ʱ̤裬ϲվϷǰĹ£ýζ
Ըģ鿪ĵЦţڷ裬
ôǵˣַ㺩Ц˵һۣ漴عͷַ㣺ǰ㻹ҳ׺أ㿴ڻǷٳһ׸Һ
ַ£ôݰɡ
ţҲͬЦ
ãǱЦַˬЦ漴裺Ѵҡȭ硢ӿɼԹࡣ
ǧƺХİΡ̸Ц䡢ƽ񳱵ʡһˮοȡǧƺХϴۡȥ˼尾ϡһ˭֪
ǧƺХϴۡȥ˼尾ϡһ˭֪૵ǳЦȻЩЩ⾳
ʵ˿аţ治֪һѧģǧƺХϴۣɣҪ̤ɽϡһ˭ֺ֪ƶԺվ
§ַ㣬ƺЩ·ַͻȻߣַиṳ̊۳֮䡣
֮һɽ֮£ٲ֮ˮֱ£ַٲ֮£Ƿµˮϴˢ壬ǱĿǣĸɳ
ٲǰˮ̶֮Ϸżַȥƺⷬ
ַǰȥʱٲ·иַ̤ϷˮɵȻĶ
һַԾˮ̶У廷סǵ龪һݺݵİַһۡ
Ѿϴˣƿַ㣬漴һԾٲԵɽȥֵַ⶯漴ġ
ĿַĿ΢Щ㣬΢Щ漴оַߵߣ˫ִˮнסһ١
ģַ㺰һ̧ͷַ㣬˸
ַûȥ΢΢£漴ֿĻӦַ㡣


1418 
Ʈţ·ڼ֤¿յȪˮ֮Уַ㽫ĽӵסŰϵʯڣ͸ĵÿһ缡ԵǰǷ֮أĳ
ַָ۵ļǷ֮أӯӯһգһ֮ĵ³ַȼһԡᾭַ֮Ů֮¸Ǽ뻶Уȥ֮飬ֿ֡
ĵ˫绺£¶֬ļ⻪ѩףģʥŮ֡
ַ̰ĸ˫֮أ˳촽£漴˫֮أ˱Ψ֮ء
Ű˵ôˣ΢ĲţַĶԽԽģһ֮ͷŶ̹ǡ
䣡ַ嶸ȻˣһƽˮĴ̴һˣַ˲˲٣Щ͸֮⡣
ַ㣬Բ𣡡ҡͷݣ¶ʹɫ
ûϵַ㻺ǰб䡢ᡣ
ַΪСĵߵߣ֣İǾʥŮ壬ǹɱŽɢЩ
ַ̥̥Щͷۣĵν֪ĺܰԲѹסǹ⣬ܾģǡһиɵ
߰ɣȥɽл·ַĽı漴˳ɽȥ鿴ǹ㶣Թӿַһַۣ
ʱѾһʪĳڼͷԣͬһ
ַߵߣӵסЦ飬ҳɻʣӣô
΢΢˴ַţҲнߵһ档
ãӦһͷɫߺ죬εվǣַˣЩ֪롣
綼Ůˣ㻹أǡַЦŵ˲ɫͨɬߵУַÿһ缡ôַ˫۷Ź⣬Ķѡ
ַ㣬ַһЦȷԽԽɫأôŮ֮顣
Ƭ֮Ҳǳɫȹ޳Ů㣬Ľޣת֮ʱɴһĨΣݺݵĵַһۡ
顢ģҴȥһطַȡ࣬ڵϣһʱţһʹδʵӦƿˣ֪ûʲôϲ֮
ߣǽȥַǣ̤빬棬еȺڿַλӰ˶һۣպһǵַƺԽԽǿ󣬶ǣȴ·ҪԶ棬Ǹоһ󱯰
ǬľӢַ㲻һͨӶѡ
ûȺַ㽫һöƬУϵĽţ漴δƿǰ
俪ַſģȻǰ̤ɱ¾ħȭһУһըѿʱһĿ֮ҫۡ
žַĿһڹеһ̴ľϣһҳžͷɫ֮֮ͬԪذ㡣
ߣȥַ̤Уߵ̴ľǰһҳž֮⣬Χǽ֮ϣһЩּƺʵʼǣҲ׼á
ַ㽫һҳ֮УʱоԼ·̤ããأɫϢڿƮţ·ÿһԪ֮ǰͬʱһַƲϵӡַԺ֮С
Ƭַ֮˳Ȼһžÿһžƺָ˳һⲿĹžָ˳֮ȥﾭָ˳Ȼȥÿһžָһֵһ·ѹʦҪԼ·
ȻַҲ֣žְвͬһֲͬĹžָ
顢ģҲַ˵㲻žǶһЩž޵֪Լкôġ
ַĿǿǽ֮ϣµıʼǣС
ԭǶ֮Ŷ컯֮֮ᴩҵϴҵѪʹ֮ظϣܹҸõ֮֮νķʵǰһɱ䣬ɱ֮䣬ʹ֮Ϊһ֮
ַܹӵԼһС磬űص
ʣ֮ɱɵķʹʵ۶ɣ侳˸޷ˣĹܹƿ
ҵĻΪһ֮䣬ᴩ֮Уܹضһŭ֮£ǧһзٻٵַʱʼǣһ˽⣬ѹ˵֮Ϊϣ̫ˣһŭͿ̿
ǣҪԸͬĴڣҪ֮۳ǿĹȥͶԷײҲз֮ͨԼȥ򣬻ǰ˵ģ
ַ˿˵ʱʾһ̣һۣϿرϣ赲ԷĹصǶصãѾһֺ˵ĵز֮ѹʦô֮죬Ļþ
ҪȻ֮Уſɷӳ
ʮ壬ȷһֿµʣǰȫΪлʮַκս¶ռơԣôԼôְпܳΪģӵĿ¡
Ϊһ֮䣬黯Ϊ׹ǣƬسΪأȫҪǶԷķԼֿܹˣԼֻҪһͷ
Լԣַ㻹Ƿǳŵģٶûб˿죬κ˲ֻҪԸ⣬֮һԳɾͶ֣ң˶֮ŵĸ죬֮·ˣλʦֵҲһɱ䣬أǶܹ֤ط
ַͨʱʼǶ˸˽⣬漴תĵõĹžܹ˸ָ֤ΪʣûйžָҪɻʴ⿿ԼԣҪ̫ࡣ
ڰ˻ľźܶ࣬ΪƣǲˣǽӴʸûУ˵֤ˣ˵ˣеģĵ˵ַΪȻĵͷ


1419 ս
ȥһַ㽫һҳžһҳʾΪе۾ԵʣǲôϣǷ棬֪öۺ죬ž֮˻ľ֪жǿ߼츳ڣΪûָֽӴž֮Ե
һǰַܹϵһ֮漴̤˽ȥȻ֪˶£ôĸɾâʯ֮ϣĿҫۡ
ҲǸʣȻôղأűȸղһ仹ҪһЩǻ֮žӦıˡַɨһıأ貵ıûиܵϢֻоƷʥϢѡ
ǰǾƷʥһףһ֮ϣݣ·Ƕ֮Уʹ׳ʺɫһľƷʥҪƷʥӳ˷
ʵʺᣬַֻ۽ˣʾͶлģ̤֮ô׵õʥ𣿶ӵ󣬳Եò
Ʒʥһ֮⣬һ󸫣ľ޴ͷȵ֮УַΪԾǣ޷棬ֻǴĺУֻνؽ޷
һһʹڣʻʹڣ
ʻʹڣҲһֱǷƶɵġַ㼸ǰȥЦƷʥƺʷ֮ļӳ֣Ҫˣ顢ģһѡһ
ʹڣξ͸İɣǼҲʺңַ㣬ԼţЦ˵ƺҪøַġ
УƷʥֱֲͨһ˿ܹѪ⣬ʲôʺϣʹڼȻģһҪסַһ˵
ϵƷʥ㡣Σ
ҲãһƷʥռ䳤ۣһϣǸ𡣡ַܾŲߵǴߣס󸫻ľʱֻоһأʮأǴȥɽһţһͽ׵ޣܻ
ߣԼʥȥûкʵʥƿȻȥЩʥȻʦҲҵģ
ַǰ俪һ涼̻ʥ֮ͨϴַ㲢δϸ
ʥƵ̶ܴǽ֮ʾ˲ʹóֶ׵ǼһǸࡣַ૵ʥ̻֮·֮УӳǿĻʵԼٽ֮׵ǼһǴۣܹܺõƿء
п̻ʥ඼֮ʥ֮ͨóذõķ
ҿİȡֻ֮Ҫ·ܹ˲Ϣ̻ܹʥַ֮ϥ֮ʱʹڵؾ֮ʱġʥż򣬶һֱһڴľܹǿЩƿظ˲伤ʥǻǳ£ص֮켣
֮棬СУַϥٲ֮ǰڰĸʲôҲڲԶţַϣһǿʢĿռŶ·Ҳǧ˿ƣſռŶ
ѽ֮ϣһͷӥַĿⶸȻſһ嶸ȻƳǰץȥ
һַ̣֮УӥΧգռ켣·𱻴һ貵Ŀռ·ǧ˿ƵĿռ֮Ȼռ˿ߣ͵Ľӥεסòӥ޷ֺ
ˣǲ죬ǴĻٶȻܶ࣬һ˲ͣԶߣסַ˵ʥƹҪ̫ߣͨ˲γ·켣Ѿڷˣƿ˷ܹ̼
ַſǲӥȥԼһĲƿʥֶΣɱǿߣʥǽ֮ɵģĳ˿ռ
Խԣַ㷢֣ʥƹ֮ͨǳӽڷ򹥻ƴϵ㣬ͨʥƵȥһ
ַ㣡ʱ֮һַ۾㿴̤ն
ʦ𣡡ַ΢Цźһ
ַ㣬׼ȥ˵ģɿʥͨоΣЦ˵
ʦ𣬰֮ɱ䣬Ƿʥ֮ǷҲǷ򣡡ַʵ
΢£漴Цұ׼㷨ģû뵽Ѿ֪ˣͬﱾԴһ£ʥͨԣʵ󷨵ɱ䣬ԭǽ֮У˰֮ʵҲǰͨһֻ֣ǽںϵһʥƣҲ˵Ƿ֮һֱ֣Ժͨʥĸܷ֮
ô˵ÿһλʣһ󷨴ʦˡַҲǺ뷨ģȻô˵϶֮ͨᶨоʥƵľ
ȻҪعһ⣬ʵع翵ĵνΣʶ֮Ȼȫ󷨴ʦˣȻ㵽ʣ֪Щǿ󷨸֣ӵпµܡ
ַ΢΢ͷʵʦ˺ַ򣡡
֮򡣡ƽ˵
ʦҿַЦ˵Щ˷ܡ
áʶַĸΪϲЦŻӦ㹥ңֶΣ
šַͷƶȻ䣬ɱһУ޷죬ȫ콣⣬Ҫʣжôǿ
ɱ֮۳һڵĹʴɱȥƽվǣָ漴һ㣬ʱ޾۳ɫ֮᲻ɴݣ֮棬ȴһ˿һ޷룬һĻַĿһ̫ˣܹ˵ģ֮£ϡ
һ³ʱַϸɫΣֻ֮佫棬Ӳá
ʿǱַЦһֱҪƿصʥͨ𣡡
ַϵλ⿪ַ˵ͷһѪڷľ
ǵģʥ֮ڷǰоǳΡ
Ҳѷ򿴵̫ˣ룬δƿذʱǷҲΪǿо޷⣬ֻʱ򲻵ѡƺ´ַ㣬ο˵
ףַ֪ʦĺ⣬ССĴƿذ࣬ԶԶû֮ǵִ
ܹס㣬Ϊʣӵһֹ֮ҲʣҾͲƾԸ㣬ҪԺ䡢ܻܡɱԷЦַ㵱ȻףԵ;ߣԾշѹ֮ͬˣȴȻô׶Ը


1420 ʥݵԿ
˵ĵַȻܹ⣬ͺԸһ֮ˣҲһŭȾɱԷǣƿ˷ԣȷ̫ˣʹ÷ͨĻǽѰɡ
ˣ·ܳؼһʱԣɻע֮£Ϳܹƿؼַˣڸ߰ɣЦ˵ַ΢΢ͷ漴кһ˺һ˷ȥ
ʱַ˸̤Сɽ֮ϣɽ϶ˣȻվżϤӰַ֮¶һ˿Ц⣬첽ǰʦʦǶˣ
ԭˣȻ请λʦѩߡ߻нӣһˣӣϴַȥ̸֪֮ʯʳɻ֮£û뵽ǰ֮󣬱˰˻ġ
С㣬ʦ˵㣬ЩʦʦǶˣѩЦ˵ȴ˿˿ɫַϾĵӣĳɾͣеܿģӳԽʦĵӡ
ַʼ磬ʦΪʦΪʦˣʱ˵ģһȴЩΡ
Ǹģźǣ֮˲ؾࡣƿַΣЦ˵
ʦʫ𣡡ַŻһ
ãҲһأûϼһҲǺòף̫ңԶˡ˵ЦȷǬĺ˻ģԶλʦ糾ͱҲ֪
ʦʱɲôáַʼ磬˻Ķ̨񱤽ޣˡ
ڻû˼ǣһǸһһʱգ漴ͳ̨ڰ˻ľĸһҪ̨ˣҲʶʵû̫⡣
ַ˵ͷȻãʦǸһ츳Ժ˳ࡣ
ַ㣬㲻ˣʱ䲻ˣԼȥһʵǿ㣬ʱٺ㡣ʶַ˵ַ΢΢ͷͼλʦһԼ뿪
֮һʱգַ㰲ţƷʥ󸫣ںϰ֮żҲʥ֮ƽӳ˶ʮգʱһҵԼֵʮһ״ټһ
ɽ֮ϣʿʮһӣĿⶸȻ˵˴ǰĵطһΣյĵطԵΣգǵطҲ޷Ԥ֪˭֪һ̤ʲôҲǻҲ
ڻ֮ԼյĿôַͷ˻ľѡпֻ̭ʣһˣǵطʲôΪʲôڻһ¹򣬲ϧһҲҪԼĵС
У˵ϵǵδǵпܻгɻʵĻ֣ص˵ǰֻʮһ״Լľûκˣ·ڻԼǲ͸¶ȥġ
ǽǵطסֻһĿģõ̺Ȼ߳һöӵ۵ķУ̤۷ʱ򣬰̤֮ңһãͨʥݵԿף
֣ص˵ʱַͷһӵз񣬶ңͨʥݵԿס
ʥʲôطҪõǰ
СŶԼ˵һĵطϺĸҲûʵ֮ǰԲҪǰԸԸȥ⣬ܲȥ⣬Ҫõ񣬲õͨʥݵԿף
ʦʥʲôطַѾãЩˣǴʥôǵħ߳ʱǼδ˵
ң½֮˵Ĺʶƫһ·λǴӿ˻ľȥ𣿵˰˻ľû˵·һֻ֪ţȴûȥĵط
ǳұ㣬ڣǳɣɫĻӦһ漴˻֣Ʋַ֣̤Ʋ֮ϣ漴һľ֮⣬һֱӳС硣
Ʋ֮УʴǰУʱĹ촫ַĿ⳯¿ȥɫɵ΢΢һ˿̣ǾȻ˻ĺԵ
ǵطڻĺƲ㳯ŻĺǰУңַ㷢֣ĺнģܵһĸ߶ȣǴ˿ȴ˽ӦһַƲڽշϷǰУĺϢ·޷档
ĺĿĵؾȻǻĺƬĺʲôܣ
ǰ֮ʱַ㿴Զһڵ㣬źڵ㽥ߵ˺Ȼ֣񱤵ˣʣλ̫Ҳˡ
ĺ簡Զһ漴ֿӰ
ڶʦֵܽȻҪһЩǰȫ̭ʲô֡ս˵ûһη֮ġ
˵ķ𣡡񣬷·ƿգһʱսǰɫĶƣ¡һ죬ըѣɫϢշ衣
ʣԽԽˣ˵
ûнȻҪѵһ£̨ʮһˣγ֪ܻܲһˣ˵һûйã˵ǰ˵ȺǵȺѾˡ
ĻЦ£漴һλʼԼħʶ΢΢ͷкһ
̨ǾģЩ½ģѾжʮһ٣Ǵ˿̶룬칬Ӧô
λõˡʱԶһƮӰЯ칬Ⱥ٣Ȼǲ칬ϻ
ַ㿴Ų칬ϻǱˡ
ϻǲ㣬ǰ칬Ǵαǰʵ˵һȴ֮С
ϷܶͲͷʴˡϻƽ˵񣬶ʮ٣ȴûжƺڵȴ
һʱ̣ԶһȺ嫵Ӱܶˣ֮еӰַȻһͣʡѩ
ʮҲˣַɫ΢Ϊ⣬ʮͰ˻ľȻǧ˿Ƶϵ
Щ˽٣ʵȻ¶һĨЦ⣬ֻǰԶһ伶Ӱϥأʹĺ£
ӵܣ㣬ܺãˬЦַԴЩ·ܲ죬£
ʽŲǰߵǴ֮˽ٵǰ΢΢Ƿʿɰã
ҺܺãûϢļһһʣ£һԵøⲻã漴ķ̨һɿµѹַ̨֮Ϣ֮У֮
ʮ֮֮ѹ֣ǧ֮У


1421 ѻ
üͷţĮĵʺôһˣҲѹ󱲣
Ȼ֪ǰô˵ĮɨһۣƺȻûнʷԵסˣҲ뿴Щ˻ų
ǣ£ЩŶʹΨһƽվǣʵʱҲδϥأֻƽĿʣʷǷĿĮɨ̨һۣ漴ĿںֵͣƬ̣ҲֻкЩȤˡ
ʴݺǿʮˣҸӢ̨֮üͷţǰ˻ľʮһһս̨֮֮⣬֮ȫǸλˣһλʴżˣʮͬһΪֵˣÿһҪһЩ֮ʴ࣬ѹʸղŵĻôš
ʼҡ˾ռҡ£ƺҲʮйϵַɨһˣʼҺ˾ռǱߣƺںΪһˣʼ壬ǵĵô
˼֮⣬ºħƺҲ;ʮϵڤС
ҵŮôĸѩ۹ѩẰһȴֻЦЦʦҲһģ
Ů㻹ûиЩֺľأ𣬻֮еһУ㾹ȻĸףѩȻЦȴΪ֡
ľ磿ѩĻ˻ľĿһͣʵ̫ˣľΪ㣬ľ磬ַ㡣
ַʲôϵᣬȻǾʮһλʵŮȷʵ𺳡
ĸף֪Ů޷㣬ǸˡǳǳЦô
ãҵĺŮѩ䵭Ц£漴ߵ˵֮ǿҪúдҵŮˣ
ǣѩѩһǿĮ˵Щ˶Уַն˸ɾ
˻ľʮ˶ˣǣɶվԭأƺڵȴʲôˣòĴɻ󣬻Ҫ˭
õˣ˿̣ԶһֻһӰƿ񷣬Ͽ̤ۣʷǷϵЦݸĺ㣬˿ƺǳ
鷳ʹߴˣڻʷǳ˵ȻӰǳ𾴣Ⱥɻʹߴˣ˭
ӦõģһλðɣʹЦ˵漴Ȼÿ·Ҫޣ͸ռ䣬ŽշµĻĺȥ˫ͫף͸˻ĺý򶼾ҵĲ·Ļĺҵ궯š
ÿµʵһʹߴһƿûĺǿҵĻĺ෭·һµĻĺУĺ籩γɣ沨ȥΨȺվ¿գһ޴Ļĺڡ
Ǽǵι̣ûߴλãȥɣʹߴ˳¿̤ȥֱӲĺ֮С
ߣǶȥڻȫԼȺ·̤ȥĺ⴫˵еϹս
ڰĻĺһ£·м֮ʱﾹȻһĿռ䣬ΧĻĺ޷Ⱥվ˵֮ϣǵǰȻһȱĺڰľľ棬ֻܿǰƺһȹţ棬Ÿ·
ӡַ֮Ŀһƺѩ¹ֹĿ·ӡǰĺԨƺҲһǿķӡľӡŲ֪ʲôڡ
һε˱Ȱǰƺ࣬ϹأǽһǽҪ̤ĵطϹʱڵսģڻ֮أǿֻ֮µܹ̤Уʲôû֪һǵõ֮ԽңҴͨʥݵȨ
ʹƽ˵Ŀһһúڵĳӵзܹл֤ΪʣȻҪ񽻸ܻȡͨʥݵȨ̫ˣѵҪǰʥݣһҪͨɣ
ףɵͷܲܽϹŵսƻҪʹߴˡ
ŻĺϹսſţĺ棬ȻһƬսڻ֮أǽƬ޾սӡǿڣжǿʵַԺв˷ħۣеķӡһˣħԿɷ⡣
ã⿪ӡʲôҪǵ컯ˣʹЦ˵漴Ʒڷӡ֮׵·֮ϣʱһƶĿ֮Ƭ··ͷų֮⡣
ˣһɿµӹ͸֮УһţӹͣȺǰ
ˣϿȥʹ߶˵̼䣬һӰ˸гֵ̤ȥٶȶǳ죬׼˲а˽ȥˡ
Ҳȥֶ˵һ漴˸ȳУ̨Ҳ׷׳˽ȥһ̣̤һƬռ֮С
ַ̤ŵɲǣȻһ
ʲôطַ㿴ǰһУһƬڰ֮أû̫ܻ谵ǰȫ˹٣һ͸ſݼ֮Ϣ
һ촫ͷ΢漴ĿⶸȻֻ̧һſŹϵĺڰ֮棬һֻֻѻϢңЩѻǳޱȣǳǸղŷһû˷֡
ȻڣȺоȣǰԶƺһϵĺڰľݣ·˾סĻþʵһɭ֮С
١ѻַ૵ȴûСˮ˼ҡ
ʲôڿն漴һȭЩѻȥ
£ȺѻĿⶸȻ͸ſµа⣬ĶڿնӰ
˶Ȼ䷢һҽУ漴彥ĸʴðֻ̣ת˲֮䣬㻯Ϊޡ
ˡˡȺһĻȻͷһҪ飬һޱȰĴԭأһƬš
Щѻû˶ڹչ壬Ĵǣ·֪ȺĴڰ㡣
ǷַľҵĲţһȺаѻϾȻ̺а˲һλصǿ߲
Ϲսڻ֮أǿߵԲԣ˭֪ûдҲַڻĺһЩС磬ϹʱڴĲл꣬˵ϹŴսλʶһȭСɱսһ֣ս򣬿ɼжôĺˡ
ѻ̺ôӵҲǱȻģַţȴʱһѽǰСݣͻȻ򿪣ȺһϢ·Ҫͣͣ


1422 ħ۹
öˣһ·̾Ϣ֮СƮ̤ƬռëȻ֮Уڤ޾·Ǵһ˿˵
İСݣһӰ˳ӰɲǣֻоڸһϢ
һԴն˰ߡֻʣ°׹ǣȫ֮ɫ˫ֻͫ޾ڣĺڰ֮ɫ
ӦǸ˲ŶԣȺɫӲë˸Ӧûϣ޾ӦǸ˲֪ˣȴӲĳǰ
һȥ˰ɣôңǿն̤Ƭռûжû˸ҷ֦ͷѻ̺Ӧø£ϵܹܵõ
֮Ϊ֮Ѿǿ˷ӵַɫаһһּʹòıҲѾˣȴЩѻҲǡ
ôϣܻӵ˵ɣӦ񣡡ַаţûȥȴ뵽֮Լ񣬲ܿҲʶĴǰ⣬õ
ô˵һ㣬˭塣ǻǰ£ƺڷ֣˫Ӷ¹һԼںԼ塣
ǰȸˡʱһ׳ŵӣŻ΢΢漴һڿնҪ뿪Ϣѹ֮ء
ͲˡɳƣȻ̧Ŀ⳯ȥʱһ֮ᴩ˵壬ֻ֮䣬˻ڣ֮ռݣ漴ĳ¿׹䡢
ֻҪһʲôطȺͷ鴤־棬˭Ҷ
αؼأįһֻ꣬˵˵ѣȵ֮ȻߵģֲħͷɱǶûкôԵøĵͳɳƣį˰֮꣬ƺϲ˵ȷûɱ˵ıҪ
ȻǶңǾԼ˰ɣŮع㣬ɡ˵֮ͫϣɫ΢΢һΣдȱЦݵ޷Цˡ
ǰҲϲ壬ǰɣʱַŲ΢΢Уɫһһﻹ治
ĿҲһȴǻɳƵЦáãң
ַǰ˵Ķ棬׺羹Ȼһģ˲֪֣꣬ͬѵϹʱڵһֱ浽
ˣǶΧɣסҪ뿪ҲҪȥЩ񣡡ɳƵĵȺڽǴ˿ٵľ棬һį˰ĻˣҪ
ַڷӣԼƽŻ˵ǰﵽʲôطΪֺһ
Ǿ򣬱ս֮أˣ˶ˣ˵֣Ϊʲôһ˲Ŀַ㣬˫նͫûκεĸ飬˵ͫס
˶ַʵ
԰˻ľҵļѩ¹ǰ˵𣿡ַ̽ʵȻûбʲôϣ
ѩ¡ѩ£૵Ȼ䶢ַ㣺ǲǷħļ㾹ȻҲѩ£
ħַɫһħΪֹֻ˵һħǱǷħۣħļ磬ѩ£
ô£ַɫӲϹŵѩ¹ڣһǷħ۵ļ磿
ԣսǶħӡôѩ¡ԣһˡҡԴƺһƬңֻǱʶоѩ£ӦǷħĵط
ǰħǷħѩ¹磿ַ׷һѩ¹Ƿħ۵ļ磬ôվħ֮ʱеӰѩ£̤벽ѵǡħۣ
죡ǻ˶Ȼַһʱµᴩַ壬¡һ죬ַݺݵڵϡ
ַ㣡ַʦֵԼᶸȻһҪǰ
ַһ漴ϥ֮ƣȴıûͬ
ǻµĿַ㣬ɱַ㣬ֻǸղԴңַһʶʱ֮⣬ɱַĻַѾǸˡ
ǵǰ塣ַ㲻ҶŭҪȥܺõĻȥ
ʺءɳƵԵø䣬ַ΢Цŵͷǵģ
ַͬ˻˶£ɳƵЦǵӴ󡣡
ַ֮֮Ц壬Ҳûٶʲô˵ʣ˼ƺЩȣ˵Ǹ塣
һʱգҪܣȴ˲䱻ɱҲͶֻƬԾַżȻͻ֮⣬Ҳڰ߶̫ǿˣкܶʬǣ·ǵĵط
ʱַϥһڰ֮أΧŨ֮ϵħӰ֣˵ȷĺõط
߲ȥûлᣡʱаĪַߣ໥
֪ǻҪǶãа򵽵ʲôӣĪмƣȻһͱһµĻֻɶԷڲ֪Ҫطá
ʱһĺâַĿȥֻʴһȺӱ䣬ߵĿ͸ɱ⡣
ǣַ㻹ʵͷ񣬽ħվм䣬ɫӶַ㣬·Ҫ̵ַַϻһδ֪ĹžһҪõ
ַɨЩһۣûᣬ뿪ɣҲ֣ĺһƺıʲô
ִ˿Ҳ˹ż˴һҪСһЩһЩһ˻ڻ֮Լսǲʥ֮࣬ûκˣ˿ǻıֶԸˡ
ַ˵ͷҲ֮λʣӦл֣ΪˣҲԸǣ
ţ׼ãʱʱ־裡ֺû˳սΪ뱩¶ǻ˷൱һλóǿߣҲǷǳ˵ģ


1423 
ת֮䣬̤ƬսȺѾƬڰĿռ֮ãڼһ˳ܣû⣬ˣ˵ǶܺõĻţǻûɱˣ˵ֻǼįˡ
ڶŶԣȴǲģѾˣǻһûҪ뿪˼ȵҪãһꡢꡢһꣿ
Щ˵Ȳ𣬰֮ʲôΣ˻ľ߾ʮĺ󱲶ϳˣǶһҪǰУҪ̭
ַ㳣壬ȴûжʲôֻҪŭǼһãҲ壬Ѿ˵֮
СһʱһַĶУַһʱ֮һâƿնȻַ֮ÿձꡣ
վַһƬ֮󣬱ԱߣѾںףƺڵַ㡣
һַ㰲壬ż߶һЩĻӶԷЩԷ½½߶ĻƺƲ⣬Ƭռһ޴򣬾򣬺ϹʱڵսΪս֮һͿ̿˼ɱħ·ӡƬضˡ
ǣΪλڰ˻ľԵĻĺ֮У
ʱħߵߣͣڲԶµĿַͻ壬˫ɫ¶ɫ·Ҫ͸һС
ţַ£û̧ͷɿΧεţ˵Ψһû¹꣬У񱤴̫ӵˣһЩǳǿߡ
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ǰʲôʱ뿪ʱŻһַ㶸Ȼһӵз൱һλʣҲûôǿҪ仹練ƣЩҪֵĻȻһ־Ҫʯ쾪κλᡣ
ˣȻˣ˵ôɳƣûлͷƺҲûʶԷ֣ʵ˶ˣ˸ǸԼ˭֪ì塣
ãϣǰܹ룡ƽ˵漴ɫĹâţ廯壬ڿգӿɽâ
ڴ˿̣ĿĽ·Ҫƺڰ񷣬ڽϣٶȳһſףڰضⴿɫĹâв
䣡ַ嶸Ȼ䱩ˣ漴һ׵иգƬضҪǽɫĹâбնϡ
̫ˣ쵽˼ĵز
ݣַ֪ˣһǿʢĿռţռ䳤ۣ彥֮Уֱʧ
ͣ͡ն·ҪѣǶĿĽɫնһУ˲ϢʱնˣֻҪַһ˿Ҫն㶣漴ӿƬշ·𶼺ڰ
꣡˵ֱӱɫնֱӺ±룬ڱ˵ûаӰ죬ǵص֮Ҫûǽϵһ嶼棬Ȼ޷ʴǴɫ
ŵǻ޼᲻ݣ磬ϧ˷Ѫ֮ն˾Ȼûһ
˺ѣַմг㿴Ƕֳ֮͵ĳնɱ
ˣַٽռ䳤֮ǧ֮⣬뿪һɲǣն飬ֲĿռ䷨ƺŶƬն˺ѵ
𣡡ǻ屻˺ѿȻŵͷ­ڣһֲĵͳ˻֮
Ƭַ֮תӶ뿪Ƭռ䡣µʴ壬Ƭգ˷·Ҫ
졢ܣһ˻֮й̫ˣҪƬն
ַԣһӰʴɻҺɫ¿׹ȥ
ַóһܲңҴ˿ϲͣͷԶըѵϴſµ˻ЩӵлֶԸˣǲҪɱˣ˵Ҫ
ַ㣬ţʱһ漴ַ㿴Īϧ˦һѪƿ
ҵѪҺвҩЧĪϧַ˵һ漴սķȥĪϧ̳ϻ²ҲлұΪʣ֮ĵֿ
Сĵ㡣ַžĪϧһԶ񱼶ȥսǺǿ󣬵Ͼûл壬ҪЩл˿ϵķֿ
䡢䡢䡭ֲı첻ϵĹһƬնڲ֮ңǻûˣҪ
ǻӦûǿ󣬷Щ˼ûһҪַаת˲֮Ѿ֪˶Զľ룬ûþĪϧѪҺֿ֮ܵˡ
ɡɡѻĽͻȻ֮УȻ޴ѻҵķţڱʮͷ޴ѻǵصĳַַɫһ̤޽ļ۶ߣһλƺƬնѻסȫǵصѻ
ַ㣡
ַ㿴ᣬ˿Ҳ΢΢ɫͷŵֿӵַΡ
Щѻ۾ͷŷȥŭǡۿüѻС
ǱΧסˣ˵ķŭǱаȼλʦҲ˹Щѻϵľ£ѹѹһƬ¡
Щѻûֻأ̤ǰֻؽնֻԨ֣˵ǰ
ɱֲµֻسԶն˹ȥ̼佫һȺѻûǵصѻ̫ˣ޴ӡ
𡭡ĺ̼ѻ·һҵķ裬ײ˭ͱ
Ĺʦ֣㽫ʦᣬȥȺַǽһ£Ĺ˵˿ıЩļһɱˣҪ취ӣǴҵл֣Źַ㡣
УȫˡĹҡͷ
ûãʦ֣ǾĪϧѪвЧţô˵ȥˡ
ַһʱ֮ϣ޾ĹâŶĹ׵˲ɱһȺѻЩѻȻǷǳģǷԼӵеģ


1424 
ˣֲ֮Ȼ䳯¿ս䣬ַһгһ嫵ĹƬն
Ĺ˿һĻ㶣漴Ĺַ㣬ҪСģ
䡣˵գĹ˫ֳŵ͵Ĵ£ʱ¡𣬻һʯԼߵ漴ֱû֮У·ΪĹ
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ۣ֮ۡۡвѻУǵصѻͷſµķưѪ֮˲֪ٻء
ǲƷַеЩ̺ǿµģȻη壬ȻҪúһһͷͷѻ䣬ַ㲻֪ɨ˶١
ַ㣡ԶһХɫϼԶǵأⷽԲʮȫַͷ΢Ǵ񣬿ıûɱˡ
ַ֮ԺʦֵֿܷǵĽԼǰЩһӵлǴĻٶȿ쵽ˣܶӲض޴ɶݡ
ꡢꡭĿĽɫɨƬ̼䱻ɫϼ֣еѻɨһգȫɱ֮ϣͬɫע¿յַ㣬ޱȡ
ַ㣬žĿޱ񣬸ջصַ㡣
Сʽֻﶼˣ棬˿ϧַЦ
㾹ȻЦûպϻϢʱ䣬žɱħŭХһ貵ĽգַЦһ̽žǷ㲻֪𰸵ģ
ַ㻰£һֱûʹ֮У¡һ죬ݺݵڵϣ֪жôء
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۶ɵĹħɫһﾹȻӵһûķƲƿ˷ܽ⹬п
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ħԶһӰХϢ죬ɫһɨһ۵ϵĹ漴Ĵ򣬿ȥûܹ׷
ǿһն˹֮ϣ޷漴һգ޿ռһ⣬ܷŭħǻ쵰ˣٶ̫죬׷ϲϣַ㾹Ȼڹ֮У޿κΡ
ߣŭһ漴ʴȺ˸ȥȥ̽Ƭռ䡣
ַ㷢Ʋ֮󣬱㰲һʱ䣬һ֮󣬵߳ʱΧѿһˣˣһνĻᣬ˷ѣȻҪú̽һ
ʹַڿգԶȥ֮ϣ·磬һƬţȴֵľ¡
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ôô񣡡˿˿ɻ֮⣬ַԦŽƿǰУǰݳǵķ򣬹ȻûйһǳأȻǳصĽݳԶһ¿ȥȴǳơ
ַⷢͷǿҵɻ֮⣬ôô
ȥҪһʱܹѩյĻʳǣַĿ⳯ĳһȥ漴Ԧ޽ȥͬʱаž룬˲һʱַȻһǳأޱȵĳǳأ·;оļǳضѩ¹ǳơ
ַⷢĶ΢΢ô£Ϊʲôⱻħ۷ӡԶսѩ¹ĵôơ
ˣ޽ٶŭХһַǳŶгǵķȥҪȷԶŵսǷѩ¹ͶӰңݻ˵ħ۵Ĺѩ¹еʲô
ַгǵʱԼĲ²ûдкͶгƵĳǳأңǶǵǣֻǶĵǵһſµĽ⡣
콣ַĿһıһֲĽ͸Ų֮Ϣ޷죬ؿơ
콣Ҳ˿̵ַѾܹ϶ƬԶŵսȷѩ¹һ
ַһվ˶֮ϣǰޱȵĹľӡ·ϺبһУѩ¹ı߾ӡ֮أͺľͷǹľӡ
ħѵѩ»֮Ϊһµѩ¹ַţϹʱڵѩ£ħ۵Ĺôѩ¹
Уѩֻ˵ڵ񣬵ǽȴȫͬǰĵطǶгڵλãһĴѾƲܹõǰ׳ۣǳеĽܽǳɫ
ˣʱַֻԶһӰһĿ΢΢һ漴Ǳ߶ȥûйãһƵĹűǰղƺһӰ
˭ַ㶸Ȼһȣ漴һӰǰƯȻֻоһѣΣ漴ȥҪ˯
ַµ˲䣬оԼһ֮ϣԷƺĸգŬ۾ԷԼڻ޷ֿ˯ȥ
ͺһ㣬ַһܳΣξ֮У˻صĿֲսǿ䣬ǿµɱľ֮Уۼ֤ⳡµսƺܵԼСַξзսַ·һʱ䣬Ϊøӵǿˣİ˽˵ʵͺһ


1425 
һǧ꣬Ҳַָ˿̵ľ
ַмѵʱͷȻ£·񾭱˰㣬ܣħХᴩ壬ľ֮Уϵϵħúǿʢ
ˣַһĿĺâռ䲨ħ֮Щˡ
ô£ַǳ鴤ţ˶壬ЩתֻһǰȴԵøĲ԰ףûѪɫ·һ壬ַܱоЩ䣬˿̵ȻŮӵĻС
ˣ˵ȥַգַо΢ЩӲ
˯˶ãַһ
˯һ꣬˵ַ˾޴ĲΣһ꣬һ˯Ȼһ꣬ң˯
ѹҵΪıǿˣ۷壡ַһνӴ棬ͷ𺧣һһ꣬˯սصķ
ַ¶һƿЦһ𣿲㣬Ϊˣǣһȹֵ޷˵
ҿ𣿡ַ˵ҶһԷٸһΣ˯ʮ꣬޶ˡ
ɺӡ˵˵ַЩԣӣȻ˿ᣬ䣬²ǱܴȵģֻһλŮƺӣʵܲϰߡ
ַһڵϣĿ⿴ˣʵǰʲôΪ˯
ַ㿴ó˶ΪͣĿǿԼһַ㲢û̫η塣
ιžƿشηܹУΪ㰲ŵΣ˵ûƭַ㣬ʵ˵ַоǳ棬ǿĹžʵѾΪǿˣĲǰƺԵ΢
ֹ˰꣬Ѱİɣ̾Ϣһƺڸп¡
ǵǰַӦ˵
ô׵õÿһǽôˣΪ˵õ񣬶ҪʹĴۡҡͷӣ㲻ҪȥѰˣɣξ֮УΪҪιžҲԴڸ㡣
Ŀ͵Ŀַ㣬ַɫ죬ҡҡͷǰȻѵõһҪȥ
õʲôأҰʵη
ǰдãǸˣַ˵漴̽Եĳȥûгֵ˼˸ڴʱһ˯ϮַɫһҧҧԼ촽
ʲôãΪʲôһΣһҪ뿪ңĿԼȫȥڣҽǵҵˣΪʲôҪҶȥƬնȻñ̹ǣһ֮ĴַĶУ漴Ӱߣ˿̵ûᣬΨĮ
һɷӹűгգƬؿռ·һɷеĹ⻪
űӵ񣡡ַɫһ˪վǰԶӰãޣ·ʱʧһ
ҲڣֻǽɷַͻȻʶƬսͲлˣЩŵģΪĳЩصԭڹսУ˷ǳλã·ڴη棬Σ
ˡˡŭţԶĿĽɫգһֻȻ丩ȥ¡ı촫ű飬ֱӳǹɷ֮Դ
ãַĿһ嶸Ȼ˸ͬʱŮͬǷȥ硣
ѣ֮УһĿĹâŶҵǿֳֻ֮ն£ʱ޾ķ֮ſһƬռ䶼ʳɷ飬γһɺ˵Ŀռ籩ݻһУҲŹű˽ȥ
ѽ¡һ죬һط˳צ֮ץһҳԼһ̺
˯ŮӶȻһͷųµķʱȻϣĳ˯ܲס
նǿߵĽն֮У¡Ŀֲ籩ƷԶȥ
Ůŭһ彥øΪ·Ҫʧǿ߿һĻЦעܾˣû뵽Ȼǰͷ֣ΪԼڻҡ
ԭŮ˲뿪͹ž飬ͻɢ
ַ˿̵ȻҲһ㣬Ŀ΢΢һ嶸Ȼ䳯ǰȥŮӱڻУȻĳڵĵطʱŮӵֽʵ˼֡
ǿһնһննµķ籩ŰӹݻһС
¡һ죬ַǰһűǿµһס漴űȻʧַ㱧Ůӵǰʱ֮кüӰ£ǶµǿԼһͷ񣬽ĿӵнѪ
ǿŭһٴնȻٶ̫ˣ˲䴩͸գץͬ飬촫ͬ嶼ץѵ򽫹žεĿס
ǧ꣡Ůӱĺȵ֮Ϲâ貣Ȼ佫˦˳ȥڵķ
ͣסǿһۣʱ·ηƮȥĽ͵ɱ񱻺÷˳ȥͬʱǹɷҡҡ׹·Ҫ˯֮
¡¡Ĺ촫һµĹ¡һ죬Դÿݣ˱ҵ˵صףоޱѣΡ
䣡ᵽ棬ַ㿴δοŮӳȥŮӴˣ̫ԶȻҲֶԷķŮȥ׷ʱͻȻֲ֣Աߣûܽӽ
ɱһλǿԼͬʱַŮɱ֪ŮӽӽǱ޷ˣֻеסǣԶһλµǿͻȻ񣬶Ȼ佫֮סٵĶ롣
Ůֻʣһ˼ڴ֮дȫˣΪʲôҪĴڡ
Ůӵһᣬӵַ΢΢һʹ·뵽еһصϹս
Ů˻һ¶ɫַֻоһɿµƶ˳ȥŮɱˣֱըѣһ֮ǹҡҡ׹
Һ㣡ַһɺħ޽֣ĽŲȻȥ漴Զ˷ĳ˹ȥ


1426 ɱ
֮Ƕ£ΪأҲղóհŲѸͣ·ÿһγֶڰ֮⣬мӰӶûУٶȺˡ
ˡˡˣŭХ֮·ƿյǿһĿ⳯ȥֻһַ̤ھ޽֮ϣ񱼶Ǿ޽·ΪٶȶĿ졣
ַһ࣬ʹֿտҲһɿµв
Ƕ£һֱھʮ˲ַ֪ʵΣֻǼһ۷֮˾Ȼ׷Ĳɵһֲɱ⣬Ȼתһ˺մӡֱӳַɱȥſµ˺
ַľ޽ûм٣·һ̾Ҫӡ˺ѵ
ɱɱַŭһµͨᴩԷ壬ŶԷͬʱǷħͫףǿߵĺݺݵĲ£·ܵش
ֶַȻһ󸫣¡һը죬󸫴£֮ƱһնϣԷ嶼˲Ϊϣȥ޷棬ɽԷһ
ˣַշʬץס漴ַ㽫ԷϵĿռָһУȻ̺η񰲾棬ַ㽫ֱ֮
תһٵӰ磬ͷӰȻͷĴҲŽѪǽᣬΪͬٶȷǳ죬ͨˣһ
𣡡ַϳһͷħӰͷʱַ֮ħҲޱȵĿޱȿµУϵħڷڣ˫ڵͫҲڷڡ
ѽͷֱӳַɱ͵նȵӵķͿ£ٶȡһ壬ӵнѪֱʥҪǿ
𡢺𣡡ַϵĿħַϵѪҺҲûܣŲ͵ĳǰ̤һƼ̤أΪһ壬˶֮ŵĴ屾͸ӵˣ·ܹأܹ֮ش֮Ҳӿ£һ˫ָ߾Ŵ󸫣Կħ֮ݺݵĽ˳ȥ·Ϊһ塣
䡢ǣ
ѽ
µıҽһֻǴַиһӲõɫѣһµѷ죬֮ϣнɫѪ͸嶼ڳ¿׹ȥ
ַһȫ汬Ϳԣħ죬ħŭټ屶شУһ˵ĵز󸫱̺ľƷʥһԷýѲ֡
ͣԷɫѪҺڣ͵תŲ෽ɶݶߣҪ
ˣղַ嶸ȻʧȻ䳯ǰ̽һ·𻮹Ĺ켣Ŀ֮ţ嶸Ȼ佩סΧһչ켣·һΣ
ɹˣַĿһʦСоһʥֶΣһ̳ɹˣȻ˵״̬ٶǷǳģ˲ʹʥס
ѽŭХһͷųµĽâ·ÿһ֧𶼻ޱȵĽɫҪʥи
촫ʥѣȻݵ˲ַѾˣ˫־󸫣޾ϳ¿£ԸֻǷĴ񣬾ԵκιЧ
𣡡ַϵĿħţֲĴ󸫺ݺݵ˴ıϣ¡һµıѣɫѪɽҲϵ³ɫѪҺ
ַĿ͸ŷһݺݵĴ¡
䡢䡢䡭һµĲصյУַ״񣬺Ʒħ㣬ͬһħֳֿ󸫣صףسһĶڡ
˿̵ĴһϢɫѪҺȫķ£Ҳס˷ħĹ˿̽ѿ·𶼱ѵֻʣһ
ַ̤ͷϣһҳг˳漴һֻ֮ڰͫ׶һϢĴΨбĺâ
㲻նĵһͷɫ񣬽һҪնַӷ漴𣬴ſµĴ󸫴ϸ£ݺݵĳŴԴȥ¡Ŀ촫һϢĴڱ˲ʵͫףӵѪȻˣε
ַӣԵɨϿյһӰֳֻǿѾˣվиӰҲ˺üλǿߣж£ҲǿޣĿⶼַϣַɱǶԼһҳžϡ
ǿΪףݣ֮ӣ׵ܣ
Ŀ⸩·ַվǣֳִ󸫣ħ֮Ӱͷ죬ſµĿħ⣬·Ҫ档
ˣ׵ͻȻ䶯˸ɹâ콵籩ŰҪһ˲ɱַ㣬ĽƲصĹַ㾹ȻȥǱȫɱ
ʧɲǣַе໯Ϊ͵ĳϿ˹ȥȻŵʹײ˳ȥûնɱַĻᣬһ˲䣬ַʹȻĳŲԶеһ̤ȥ
ɱһɿµħᴩ壬öԷƬ̵ͣͣݺݵĲţַѾ۷塢ħ֮嵽أҲأأħͬʱᴩһɲǣǿµģǿһҪ
նŭХ쵽˼ĵزеĽںϹɲǻߣ˲䴩͸˶ԷԴ¡һը죬صֱӱ˲ɱ
ǽã̺ལ֮󣬼㲻ҪַսֻһĽܹӦַ㣬ַѾɱ˲նɱˡ
ַõ콣ʱΪƿزĽ꽣飬ҲӲ콣һȫ콣Լ֣Ľַɣƿǿµģںη߱˭ߣ޷⽣ַһ֡
ÿ£˿ַ˲նһˣаȻ漴з·շ籩Ǻ嫵ĹŹַɱȥ̺̫֮ˡ


1427 
շ籩ַ䣬ӵлȷʵѲ̺ûа취Ժ䣬̺շĹַǱɣϧû콣콣ʣйɱǧ֮⣬ηκλ
ַʹǷ籩ܱŰԷĻ֮նգ޷Լ֮УҲ׷ǳΰɡ
ˣһӰȻַǰȻ׽̤ղַ棬ûκεĻֱһ˳ȥ쵽˼ĵز
ݣַʹȻͬʱʧһֱӳԲԶռ䳤˲˸ܵԷĹ
Ϊʹ͵ĳ˹ȥ¡һ촫ٶȻΪݺݵ׵ϣ漴һʹٶȱ࣬񱩵еһӰ̤ȥ
ַХһǿᴩԷ壬漴ַеĴȻɱһµĽâ

¡һ죬󸫺˶Էϣһλصɱַת˵ʱЩһȻҿַ۾ܺˣǵ̺ǿڶݵ˲ʧ񡢱ʴ־һ˲䣬ƺ㹻ɱˣصȻֻܸᡣ
ַ񱩵ɨһۣЩһҿԼַһԵ͸֮⣺һȺ
˵գַɨһҪףȵס֣
׵ĽҪնȴȻַı֮ŶԷͫһâơַܱ㾹ȻӵһǱǷ۶ɵģ֮նƺһռʥӵлռžԵƣȴƫƫɱַ㣬ңַ㻹һߺսһɱˣָо޴й
Ȼɱ߸ĵɣҪ˷ʱ䡣ַ˵
رն㡣ױӦ
㻹湻޳ܵģַӵɨһۣĿһƺҲŻ
漴ַֻ̤˾޽Х뿪һϣúûȥ
ûȥ׷ַ㣬ַ˵ȻɱԷ׷Ҳûκε壬˷˫ʱѣȥѰ񣬿ɺޣһöֵȻһˡ
νƬϹսȫǾӢһЩľԺģϴŻûһսʤĻᡣַԦž޽ǳƣڻ֮Լս̨֮ϣܹ߳ƣһΪûжսֲֳǲܽȫһˣԺȥ֮ҲҪ⣬֮սɲڻ֮Լһս̨֮սʲôԼɱԷΪĿġ
ַܵΣУеҪǿʵĽȣڰ˻ľѾǲϵˣԵĵ˲ٺһǰ˻ľԵʡʣжʵǿ󣬾͵
ܹһʱԶΨԼʵʵ
ӦúúһǼѰ񣿡ַаԼĻʵǶʱܹʵֵģһһȴʱ䣬ֱӽĻǱĪͨʥݵԿףۺܴ󣬵ȻǱ븶ģҪǿ󣬲̤ܲʥݣԣҪ
ȥַͻȻһ漴Ԧž޽ŸսƬռĻ֮طȥѩ¹һ棬ҲƬڣǱ߻ۣ˻˺ѻǳеҪʵЧķƬ塣
ַƬʱǺѹѹһƬŵϢ֮Уѻ۵ţûѻ֪εģǰǻ˿ǣû˻ˣǾȻ
ַ˻СݱߣΪǿҵģʺ
֮еѻͳëȻĸоַɫĮһʱգЩѻȥ
ۣۡһͷͷѻɱȻ۵ԽԽ죬һѻĳַӿ
ɱַ³һɱ⣬ʱͬ˰ɱзѻͬʱַѪŭХһͷͷ֣嶼棬ѻͷŵԼϣͲ¡
̣һɿֲ֮Уͷͷſµ̼֮䣬еһͷͷѻȻı֮УӲû
ˣ͸ַ꣬ȫһƬȻ˿ַͷţӲĵֿʴޣֻҪڣͲͺһֻǰԷ֣ɱԷģֻöԷš޷ӳԼ˲佫ԷȫĨᣬɱԷ
ǿߵǳǿ
겻ѻַ΢Щϲ漴һ̡̣
ͬ˰㣬ѻµϵʴַѪ˳ѪʴѪʴͬʱַȴǿµԣȴһҪƿص
Ϊַһ̷·ʵķӣеѻȫ̵
ãһƽַŰĿʼȥ壬뵽Ѫе֮ƺӵˣ뵽Ѫ뵽֮Уʱеĸ
תۼ䣬һʱȥַȫǿµΧҲ֮ѾԽذ壬ֱɱµǿˣں幥¡
Ȼ˿̣СǺڰ֮Уƺһϸ΢İɫǳ΢ɫһƬ΢ЦİɫԲƺһ˫ͫͫȴеַȻûа
ַ֮Ƶ֮ӵǿ󣬻һħ֮Уһ˫ڵ֮۸֣µ˼£壬ڿأѾǸ߽װˣ
һգַ۾ֹͣ۾ɲǣСе׹⣬ҲȻʧϢ


1428 ·
ѻ֮Ѫӵ˳ˡַܵصһڰ֮⣬ͬܰİ壬ʹóӵĿ¡
һַг˼Źӣħַ㽫ֱ֮нţ죬˿˿ħ֮Ϣ嵱УҲһħķԴȻҪãֲô˷ѡ
ַ㲻ħᣬͬҲһЩƬпǵõ˲ٵİƬҪĳְʱ򣬱ϰƬԼЩ
ë񣬲Ҫٿ㣡ַһ֮⣬վĿ⳯ԶȥȻ˿ȴжȻ׹⣬Ŀʱһ
˭ַ֮ǿңôֳһңһ֮ɫĳۣԴסʲôֻ׹¶棬ƺͫȴԵø죬·˵ͫһ
ءءصӰ漴ۻתعͷַһۣƺʾַҪ
ʲôַĿ⽩ӲںеСͲһˣҲУûаϢȴƺڰʾţַЩɻ
ҪҸ㣡ַŲһ磬̤֮УǺӰӽƺǰ׹ǣһǼܣΨһ˫鱩¶档
Ǻ΢΢˵ͷܹҪţֹ龰ַ΢ĲţƬռ֮ʵ͸Ź죬ƬռӦûϵڵģǻ˻ŮӣӵǰĺӰֻһãΪʲôҪţʹŶʶ
߰ɡַ㵭Į˵ҪҪȥʲôط
һۺַƮԵøĹ죬Էٶַ̫ɴཫ÷ھ޽֮ϣָڣ۴ַһƬ֮أ涼ǹľ֣죬͸ŹϵϢңʢ
һƬս֮ϣܹһƬطȷʵף·ԴһÿһƬֲﶼʻǿдУɭĹľҪ
̺Ȼ񣿡ַĿжȻһâ·ͻȻ뵽һƬŵĹսȴӵһƬأܿζ񣬲ʹƬ̺ʢ̺Ҳ̺Ȼ
תͷַ㿴ǺãֻǺ΢΢˵ͷ϶ַĻַͷ΢΢鴤£ͷʲôڣΪλ֪̺ڡ
ˣһǿʢ֣ûж⣬ֻҪһ¶ԷǷ˵ڿһУַ𺳵ģ棬ǳأϸȥܲ
˭ַ㶢ã˵֮뵽ҲǰʣԷ޷ش
˸ߵһԣַ̤뵽Ǵ֮Уĸзڣƺˡ
ˣһַڵħ𣬻ȼţںħ
٣ַеħǧ˿ƣ͵ĳ˦˳ȥͨĹľħ֮±Ȼ
ˣһɹɿµĻǵأȼħ֮ƺεǿңȼյĻ֮ţҪƬʢȫջٵ
ˡˣȻ֮䣬ĿĹÿһÿһ֦Ȼ䶼̺ǿޱȵ·ͻȻɫĹâҫ۶Ŀͬʱ޾ֲ곯ַٶȼѸͣҪַס
ﵮЩľַ㱾Щã˿ȴܹ϶ˣȷ񣬲˭ڰпָԼ
µ֦ƶǵأ񷶼ڱס·ǧľֶ
ˣַ콣âޱȣǵص֦Ҫ֦ͬһҪ嶴ɱ
նַ˫ɱ֮ϸſħ𣬻֦ϱնϣַ͵ĳ˳ȥȻһֲ̣֦飬̫ˣ֪ж٣Ȼָһֲ
ˣַгȨȣ͵ľʱӶ
ľ
䣡
ַһʱľţ·ҪΪַĽٴն˳ȥ죬ҡϣʱַٴ¸㿴һ޴Ĺͬ㣬ͷŶĿ̹⣬·ľ֮
ַͫ񣬷·Ҫ޴Ĺ͸ǹâ£һ棬һֻһϾӵзľ֮Ҫõ²ס
񣡡˿̣ԶмӰ˸Ƭ̹񷣬ڸشȻֵˣٵĸ˹
֦Ҷ񷣬ͬʱ嶼Լ棬ַ岻ڿգûᣬ˿˲ˣȥ֡
ѽ
ԶҫأҪǳ̹棬һӰ쵽˵ĵز׵Ľɫʱ˵һǽһŻΪΪٶȿ¡¡£ʲô
ĽɫɨַһۣƺһƳЦ
ô˵֮ϸ£˫׳Ľɫͬһи赲ǰһжҪɫƿ
ǵصֽȫӿ˴ַĮһЦֳȨȻ̤ǰϵİʼڷʱΪ׼һ
ơơƣŭУȴóãַ͹ƫûôֲľԣϻ̺Ľ֮ƣס񣬲ϵıѿ޾̹ƴȴɵסԷһǰ֮ơ
ʱ򣡡ַ㿴Ѿӽ֮أͷųµĺڰ֮âĺȵ
ˣַ嶸ȻʧȨֱ˴ϣµ̼併ٴϡ
䣡
ѽ˲ڣ֮ҪȻӵǿٶȣĸ֮һ̣оҪᡣ
ѽŭ𣬷·ɨա
ݣַ嶸Ȼʧǽɫ̫£ֱɱȲҪһ˸Լֱӽٵ֮أ


1429 
˿̵ƻڵħ棬һħһУ촫ֱƿ޸ֱ֮ء
ˣһȵ٣ַ㽫ͳ漴ֱռ嶸Ȼʧԭء
͡͡
貶ĿĽɫնͬɫ£նһУַ㳤³͸亹ЩһӵлҲвٺöʹԼƷʥĻȡûķݡ
ңָƺǱȽ׵õģǻϵԼŮӵеѵõúأ·Ƭռǳ˽㣬ͨ˴ƬӹԲ̺ᷢ
ɱɱ죬ɫַն˹Ӵͬһɱַ㡣
֮䣡ֳַȨȣĺȵʱȻ䳯ŶԷӶȥ˫ԼεĹסӣƺնַ㡣
ٶȶǿӵǻ¸ǿƿ£ϾȻΪ޵ҲȣɳܲԼҪɱ
ַһ̤磬Ǻ嫵Ĺ͵Ĵȥ
¡һ촫Ӵݺݵ˵ϣɫѴأصס
ֳַȨȣȫ֮⣬ţ·Ҫɱ
ͣŭХһֻɨգƬضƷɵֻһ˲֮⣬˫ſ֮ʱɸ˫ɫӱĶַ㣬޿ײ룬ܹɱлҲûãͺǻ˵һֻнԼεİֿܵɱ˻ˡ
ë񣬲Ǻɱ̵ַ˵ƺڿ⼤ŭħХһʱ޾âַɱַǰ죬ʱ֣ħκβַ㡣
ѽħַ㣬˵ַ㣬ħһն㣡
ûǻǰѻûʲôɱɱҪŰŰʲôʸɣַ̧ͷ͸޾֮⣬ħŭХһ漴޾ɱأ漴ȥת˲֮ʧӰٶȿ쵽š
ħȥַħɨеȺŲȻ䳯һ֮˿ȥŭһ䣡
һ£޾·нٶԷϣ֮Է֣ɺԣ·Ҫ
ַŭ֮ûȣҲûлֵַȨԼֱӱ
ַĿ⿴е֮ʱʱЩһȻߣԶַ㣬һ̼併٣̫ˣǴӻǱӳʱѾ̹
һȻǳǿĵزó䣬ΪУ̫Σա
ַɨһЩ뿪ӰҲδȥ׷ɱһӰٱ㹻ˣֻҪϹ᲻ߵ˶ϵ񣬵ȻҪ뿪ɱ׶Ͼͷ
ûӰַ˸ԶĺߣĿ͸ŨŨɻɫĴڱָҽһá
أöַ㷢ʵ죬漴תһƺҪȥһط
ַһ޽֣ùȻ̤˾޽ַָǰС
֪ʲôطָǰַͷ𺳣صĿռĴ͸Ź죬ͻȻðһ˿ƵãȻָѰ񣬸ոѾõһöȻԷǶϹŵսǳϤ
ȻôȥѰȻ̺ǶؾϹԣ֪ȥңͨʥݵԿף˭ġ
ַԾ޽նУƬսϿգ¿ղаܵ磬ûκαټϾǲǵһˣֱ̫ҫۣױ˷ֶߣȴǳأ̺ܽˡŮӣǿ
ôԼǰĵط֪ʲôطҲһ֮ڣԼõ
һΣôַǰƺɽڵأңַָ̤Ƭɭ֮УƬɭǺڷڵλá
ַһֱĬУû˵ʵҲ޷ùͨ˲ƬɭֵУͻȻһص죬ַͣ޽ڿա
أƮһԣַ㶣ǹ
ңĹ͸ղŲһûʲôһûô̺ڡ
ȷ񣿡ַźһֻòϵĵͷ
ãÿַ㿪˵ٶһħ÷ɵһԣ漴ַħǿž޴Ĺ֮ϣȻַĿ⽩Ӳǣǹħȼ˲֮ΣǿŹɺö˶˵Ĵûзٻ١
õģַĿһ֮
ԣⲻǻþʵģһϤĸо
ģûĸҵĸоַĿһ֮زͬһƬռ䣬ħ޷֮ͺģӽ˶ԷȴƫƫԶ޷ΪһƬռ䣬յ
շôǬַеħʧ漴ŲŹ̤ȥ֣Ȼָʲô޵ģ޷̺档
ôõַ૵޷뵽Ͽʼռ壬յȻ䣬֮ϣ·һϵָǳϤ
ַŲǰ̤Ȼֱ̤˹棬Ȼʧôƾʧˡ
ǺÿַӰʧ˫һ˿ĸ飬ƺЦص촫Юųۣ建Ʈ뿪Զȥûȥ˹еַ㡣


1430 
ַ̤֮ǵ㶸Ȼ佩͸һĨ֮⡣
˿̵վ֮У·һڵص׵ĳǱ·һλǿߵСǱȻ˿Ǳȴȼ޾Ļ档ȫǳ֮ɫһɹ翵ƶˣҪһжΪޡ
ǡꡭһ촫Ǳ֮Уһ޴ʯ·߶㣬Ƿ·ͷĿеַ㣬ƺڡ
ڳǱԨ֮أַ㿴һĿĳ⡢һɫĿ¹âˣƬУ·һƬǴڵĿռ䣬޵Ŀռ䣬̺һ֮
֮ȫǷ֮ɣƬռ䣬Ȼַ񣡡ַ𺳣صãָһƬӵڵջǱ档
ַԵøӵΪζƬռ˵ϤŹɭ棬ͺۣĴһĹĸʵ̫СˣҲζƬռ䱻ֵĸжôСþȻҵָ
ˣһַַ̹⳯һ¿յһʯЩʯ·𱻸۾̵Ĺâַ㡣
ԣֻ㷨񣬳˻桢Լ֮⣬ڣЩַɫһֻ񣬶ԨصףҪôܹõ
ȥַһʱʣ¿ȥ
ˡˡȻһ̣ϵĻʯ·𶼶ʯˣ˹ȥ
䣡ƿһʯȴоһɿµ񣬳ŵص״ȥ
һĻ涸Ȼ񷣬µĻʯ˷·˰㣬ʯȫ¡¡Ĺ캧ˣȥ
䡢䡢䣡ǿײ֮ϣ޷ԭеĹ켣ҵ趯
ַֻоĻϣƬؼȫǿµĻʯˣյУ漴͵ƿգ˹ȥ
䡢¡¡һ˲䱻ֱˣЩ˺ϳһ֮ɽؼ棬ݺݵڴ֮ϡ
ַŭܹܵĽȻûãʯ棬Ʋ޷ַܹоԼޱϵ޷Ѵε
طַɫÿȻˣҾԨһξ룬ȥĻֻһĺܲҡ
ַ˼ƿƬסĴ֮ʱ·ĳǱһʯȻڿУһ˫˫̵۾ַ㡣
ãַĿһЩʯҲԸ
ˣһµĻʯͬһַ㼲۶·һŻ⡣
ƣַŭһһȭʱһը죬ձѣַֻоֱ۷飬Ǿʯÿ£Ĵ̺ٸϻ֮
ˡˡˣȻ֮䣬ǻ·٣ȴǴӵϳϽٵǻ꣬ôѤĿ
ãַĿ⽩Ӳ嶸Ȼ䳯Ͽճȥ·ÿһλŷĽâ
նննַŭһ޾ĽâеǻӵѤʯַ㣬Ҫַ
ַ嶸Ȼʧռ䳤۵Ͽա
䣡Ļһ·񷣬ַղվĵطײˣֱը˷ĩײƿ¡
Ҫõ̫ˡַ㿴Ǽڿնľʯлʯ
͡͡Ͽգ˺һеȻ併٣ַ΢΢̧ͷĿʱһŷ֣滹һƬ޵ĻԶʱûз֣ͺǿһ
ѹֻյĲ档
Ƭռ䣬Ŀ񣬲ƺһŶò
ɱ¾ħȭȻɱᴩأ֮ϣַ峯·ѹѹòСб˺ѵ
·Ļʯ·ŭ˰㣬ϵĳַԴԴϡ
ַһȭĻʯ漴˸ܿһʯĹ
ҹһȭٶһʯըѣʯԨվƺҪĨɱ
ַ㿴һ۳ڷʲôûУڳ޷ȥҲסַɫ΢ЩѿصôѡһطǵһöõһЩ⼸Ҫ
䣡ַŻʯĹ쫷Ϳռʱ׼ܡ
ҪҪʹַ㰵Լ漴УҲԴԼȵʵڲٽʹ档
ƣַ˫ȭʯñѣ·ʯʼһڿգһֵΧˣһַ㣬еĻʯȫַ˹ȥ
ơơƣַһȭȭɱƬճһӰϵܣϵĹһĻĻյг֡
Ӱ˸ַϵħ·Ҫɺԣ䲻ϣһȭһȭ·𶼱ˮ͸޾ԨʯԶֹͣ
ƣַٶȺһ鹥ľңλλٶȸӵĿˡ
һºַ¶ƣɫħȪƺɺԵħ޷ά֣ɱ¾ħȭԵøһȭȭļţƣ쫷Ϳռƺǿˡ
ޣҵҪҵļֶܼãַ͸һĨ֮⡣
£֮ϣƬضǻʯ·ҪƺΪ޷ɱַ㣬ЩʯŭˣַƣħΧ·۳һ΢С磬ħַڡ
ַһȭȭҪɺԵħȴԶڡ
΢СۣԽԽǿ󣬻һµ쫷磬Юħ֮Ϣᴩַ塣
䣡ħᴩ壬ַ̼оޱȵĳ죬ųûôͺɳĮˮԴ㣬ħ̫֮ˣ޷ݡ
𣡡ַһ޾ħᴩַ壬ַȴƶһħȭɱᴩգɵħȭ޼ɵûʯҷ衣
ַԽǿʯҲԽԣһ
¡¡һꡭʱţǵӰɣַΣʵȥȴȥ棬ֻϵĴԼҲ֪ԼǺ⻹ı޷²õ
֮䣬ַƬռд꣡


1431 
̨ϣӰԶһ˼֮⣬ˮ
ˣûлҲͬûл·ʮһ״Ӵ˼˰ɣ̨嫵Ŀռ䣬ɾ֮ϣŬʱţԽԽǿ
ʱ⣬ӵк嫵İ˻ľ޴仯İ˻𣬷â¶˵ҪһʮΪһʮ˼⣬˸ǿսˣʧ꣬ټ²֪ǿᵽʲôزҲʱѡһǰˡ
ңһӢ۲ſףַ㻯ľ磬һ˫ݣն˻Ĳ֪šٶ˫ص¿ڤδܼǿǿʰѩʼ˫ǡ˾ɲ⡢ڸȴ֪սʥŮᵽ˭϶䣬ȵӢͬһʱʧ伣
˻ģһЩܳӢǿ𣬱ܷɽķ飬ǿ׷Ϸ棬ʱȷ£аɹӣ췲սδսܣᣬʵ¡ȵİ˻߳ơ
һУĺսȺ֪࣬в˵õ񣬵Ĺ̻ΣƬ嫿ռУ˵ǿݣʣµģԵڰ
ռ֮Уַһȭȭɱ·Զƣÿһȭǰ⣬Ե࣬ʵǿЩĻʯ˷·Сˣ˿̣嶼½࣬ԨԽǿЩʯҲԽǿ
ƣȭһȣħȭᴩأһƬȫѣ𺣡
ȭַ㸺ֶ³һϢһϢкƶ̺ȵĻС
ˣַ૵˲֪ʯڵĿſռ䡢ԼصϢ㲻ȥ֮ҿأʵǿ󣬶԰ļͼܿ졣
ͺ֮ʱ־һ֮ʱ壬ܻ־ʼֱӿԽ嶼ѵ˻ȥ־ô룬̤ʾ˷ʱҲܴӰһؿʼɣḶ́Ѿѭ򽥽ĿԽ壬һ̣ӦֱǷˣ
ԲȣƬռԪΪϣ֮ȴ̺ռ䡢桢ԼԪҲѹһᵮ֮ذ꣬ȻȻĵҲ츳ʹȻɣַ૵˿̵Ѿң壬ֻһ˸Ź⻪
ȥһҪϴ裡ַţȻֱܹŵԼ۹֮ʹ֮ôվЩǳˬҲ֪ˡ
ַ뵽ĿⶸȻ÷¿ȥʱͫһޱߵ͸ա
ˣƺǸַܵϵĲ֮⣬޾ʯٶȳַȻ˿̵ַûȥ֮廯һӰ翣ǼҪһж޾ңȻ½Ƕ޷ƬգȫַĿռӰ
ַıǿռͷ֮壬Ϊʱ̶ڴţϱǿ֮Ϳռ嶼ﵽۣ֮ħ֮ǿ۷壬֮ذҲءءľ磬ڲǰ֮⻹ΪûпȥԵʣϵսϵͻԼļޣֹϢ۷壬һ·ء
һӰ͸޾ңϳ¿׹ȥֱԨ֮ء
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ַ͡͡˫ֺʮնһʱгһµľ޽ףϳ¿ն䣬ûбѵ죬ǿµʯ˴м䱻пһΪϣǰ׾޽ɳ¿ԨѿҽѡԨնĿĹԽԽ貣֮â
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ǽ⣬⣬ԨŰػԨ֮С
ꡭռ䣬·һɫѷ죬޽ն㸲һеĻ֮ϣиһƣԽԽ󣬲ͣӡѣô࣬һ֮â£ƬرһƿնΡ
ǽɳ棬¿նȥÿһⶼûʧǶ˲İ棬ĴУַħУһֱ벻࣬ĲҲѾˣ޾Ľâ·Զḯࡣ
䣡貵һĻ֣Ƭһ̱ˣŰԨڲַԼԨ֮У潣˵
նַٴնһնһϵʯ֮Уʯƿħ˫ֶȻ֮У漴˲Ϣջأһ̣ʯ·ʧȥԭеĹ󣬱ðûĻ棬û˳صķ񣬱ַˡ
ɹˣַ񣬴죬ʧ˲֪ٴΣһڳɹˣõ˶ԨҲζŷѾסˣǷ
ΪʲôҲ̺񣡡ַ޾׹ʯм仺գԵø׳ۣ֣Хڿգӵ貶ĿϴǦȥ̥ڲϵĽǿ
սַ֣üͷһһö̺ģûпǿ̺շ֪Ƭ֮УӦҲõˡ
ˣõٳȥѾĿټϿռ񣬾ˣַţ漴ֳգֱУ޿Ϸ·Ҳһϣ岻˺ѡ
ǿַǰУǹ˺ѵʹ༫ǿңϵʥѿѾҪּʥˣǿֻѪĿռ䳤ۣ
նַһն飬һ˲ȡһö貵Ľɫ˵һâӿ֣һַ̣㷢ԼƬռ䣬ٴ˻谵ĹսУ
ˣַ¶ϲɫˣڳˣ


1432 Сţ
ַ̤ƬŹֿռɲǣһ̹ҡϣƬء
񣡡ַĿⶸȻһǰĹԭù⼸öһƬŹֵ޿ռ䡣
ڰңַ뵽ãһǶƬսǳ˽ˣŻ֪һƬ޿ռ䣬Ȼ֪ӦõƬռסȴ޷ȻôܿΪ˴
ǣͬ²һԷһطӵϵҲζõ˶Լܺ˽⣬֪ԼԴл棬ǧ
ַŵͬʱ峯ǰ˳ȥֱӿ֮Уɫõ֣ʱ̹ɢһ˲仯Ϊޡ
һ۳ַ֣㽫֮סԼ壬建ڿնƬսѾʱˣ֪ʱܹȥ
꣬Ծһηǳʱ⣬̤磬Ҳʮѣʮ꣬Ѿһ¶꣬һλڰ˻ľ߳Ƶ
ˣԶһӰնӰƮƮмһַϤˣλǰ£ʱᡢӣ⣬ƺλͬʦ㣬ΪΪؾ۹Žˣ䲻ᣬҲԳƵϳ㡣
Ҳûа׹Ϊַ൱һؾ磬۷֮ơ
һƬսУ꣬ÿ˶ԼļֻҪڼвȻͻǿ
ῴַʱ㶣漴дһĨ˵Ц⣬̲۾ֱĶַ㣬⣬ַֹ֮飬·ָܻо
ΪҲˣصֻжأţǰ˻ľڶУַΪ͵ģսǳַͣľ綼ˣôս
ֹӡԵһλŮ˿ַǳЦȻ֮⽵١
ղ̹⣬𣿡
šַ΢Цŵ˵ͷĿⲻɨԶһۣм˸ߣǽٵʱĿⶼַϡ
ʦ㣬ȻѾڱֹõˣǱ߰ɡǳЦ˵λʦЩ⶯վǵ˵ͷǿĿùַڻ֮Լͨս̨ϵı֣ʱضѣˣΪأҲǺңַɹϵǲΪûаյַ㡣
ûҵ𣿡ַʵȴоЩ죬ôоƺ˵衣
ǻһöʦýöǶˣԵŮῪڣֹԸõĻǿκδ۽
һöΣַЦ£һߣԵɫһͣǿϢͷŶ
޷ֹλʦ㣬ôöأ
ÿٶȣַֻգ֮併ǰλʦоǴٶȣͬһÿ£ƾٶȶԣַǿ졣
ӣַȡ̺񣬵ݸᣬŨޱȣȷλʦ㶼Ŀַ㣬һﾹȻĽ͸᣿
ллֹӡûоַܾܷܷ֣нӹȻַȴ΢΢һգס̧Ŀ⣬ַһۡ
һҲҪ鰮ַЦ˵漴ɿ֣λʦ㻥һַۣƺʦ˼֪ǵʥŮӣѾַ϶䡣
һｫһö͸ʦãǷ⣬ݣǿ֮л֮
Ȼ˻һаɣҲҼöΣӰ̤϶͸һ·߸𣬵λ硣
Ǳѩ۹ļλӣַ㴫˵ַֻ˺漸λӣǰĻȴδһ˱мλˡ
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һ˱ȵ˶δȻַ㻹ѩ۹ʱǾѾؾ磬һء
Ųַ̤ǿߣΪأŲ̤ɲǣ˪ֲıѩ¿յɭֶ˺˪졣
أҲҵĻ֪Į˵˿Ľ£һ㺮ӶƬնǱ˪ĽŲ̤˪ǰС
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һħַ֮ӶƳɹħƣ˫ͫףڶ䣬ǿߣֶ񷣬Ц̤εȷˣħɣӲ죬Էϡ
Сģ˲ǿߴ˵һַ̫ԵȻƻȻûصĶ֣̤֮ʱϣˮ齻ڣ·Ҫ̤ա
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ֵ˲䣬ַͬ͵̤һŭХ˾벻ʮ֮ңɱ¾ħȭЮƺɱһ̣ڵħȭ͸һУһɵħȭ֮ϣеһоҪշѹûκֿܹһȭѡؿ
䣡صǿɱǰе̬Ȼȴ죬Դ΢΢£Լţ壬м䲿λħᴩըѣ屻һ޴ãţΨħǣ͸壬һֱԶ
⣡ͷݺݵĲ£صǿߣһȭ壬ֻһȭ
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ħһ־һְԵһ


1433 ɱ
ɱѩ۹λӿֵܱնɱѩ֮ͷţضҪ⡣
ȥ㲻Ҫصǿַ̤ɱ˹ȥ˻ڰ֮⣬һȭգȭռ仯ѩױȭ⻹ңԶ֮أַϸϺ˪·һ̾Ҫᡣ
ˣַӰһЮ壬̤ңٶһ˲˼ʮλãɱ¾ħȭƿգصǿɱ˹ȥ
ǿ߿ֱӶ֮ȭɱ¾ħȭƵħס˾ذ幥ͨᴩصɱ¾ħȭһƬ˪ѩյУɼȭж£ɱ¾ħȭҲһöԷȭֹͣ⡣
䡢䡢䣡ַ岻ϱãһâᴩأɫȭ⻯ΪԵøѤ
ɱǿһ̤棬ʱһɿµı֮⳯ŰȥӶΪ
ߣַһĨЦ֮⣬漴ֱӷ峯һλӶȥڣſµ֮Ϣ˲еëȻо
СģǿߺַײȻַ֪ǿƶٶȡٶȡκһֶôĳͣǿ棬ղλʵĲԩ˿ַ̿㳯һλʵܶȥʱ󾪡
صıѩ۹Ŀ⾯Ķַ㣬Ϻ嫺֮أѪΧӿֱѩͶӰꡢһҪȴֻǿһ˿мЦ漴˫ڵħͫףҪݡ
㲻ҵĶַ֣һӰ·͸ԺУΪȻַĶ֡
Ҫɱһ־㹻ˣַٶ˵ѾҪߣħöԷܵ䣬Ȼ˵ֿ
һִַ³λӵϣ֮䣬ڱᣬԺַĻҪɱһ־㹻ˣһ֡
·ͻȻʶʲô㣬һʵŭ𣬵Ѿˣַɱ¾ħȭᴩأԵޱߵħȭ·ǻһе˲ԴըѣϱȫֲİԵĨˣһΣ
ɱַһŭصǿȭأȴַŲŲ˲ʧԭأûбס
Ѫѩ֣һƬصĺ磬·һѩͼĽ£첻ϣӶأһƬѩƺҪΣͬеһ
֮ˣߡʵǿٶȿ죬۶ԣʵУܹ߸һеģصĻӱ˪ǿƺרޱѩٶǷȱַ㣬Ȼֻؾ磬صķ֮塢صĿռ塢ңղںϣٶȳԽһλóٶȵǿˡ
Ӽдޣܷǿʢȴ䲻ַȥ
ӣұɱǣǻӽŲ̤ȥַϽǻãɱȥ
ӣ̫ԼˣַĮ˵ħӰ֣ħַ֮˫֮ϣȻ֮ħִɱء
ַܴǴغͻԨõѾζѾҪηصǿˣܹвģֻ޵Լӵлˣûлա
Ҫսǿߣʦ˵ͷصַɱصҪսǿˡ
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⣬ΧмˣĿ⿴ħִÿ£·Ҫ죬ն񷡣
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ַ֮͡նɱɵĶĿ֮âնգӻƿַ˳мѷǰУ֮˿ɵ
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ַ͡͡һٶնɱȥֱ֮иΣ˲ǰУҪԷɱ
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ַŭһ併ٶԷϣʴ漴ƾʧһֻ˶ԷϿգɱ¾ħȭͬʱɱᴩյħȭűѩ۹Ӻȥ
صĻɫѿȭƿգַԿȻڴ˿ַ̣ڣħͫ·ͫ׶̴
һˣͫ״͸Էɲǣַ˫лۣħ֮塢塢塢֮壬ԻΪϵںϣǰӵ泹׵ϽУַÿն֮ʱ벻࣬࣬ҲУǽ֮
նַһ³嶸Ȼʧ£·һȥһƺɫ˿ߣ֮䣬صıѩ۹彩ǣһ漴һɫߴü³֣һ죬廯ΪΡ
ַվգȻڡƽأһն
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ǿʦͷ鴤ַ㲻֣ܶңնɱնɱܣȫ
УЦݸӵŨ
ٲɱ⣡ַɨпֵļһۣ˵ǼĿһ漴˸뿪
ˣַЦЦгöֻУ֮䣬貵Ĺ񷣬ƬأڼңԶĵطܹ
ڸʲôַ⣬ʣλʦˡ
ֹӣǣЦһһﾹȻó˿
ɱˣңַֻԼˣַ¶һĨЦ⣬Ļȴɫһһɱˣ
úݵļһʦͷĨ˰亹ôĿ˹ɱ


1434 
ʦ㣬վԶɡĵЦʦ΢΢ͷԶԶıܿⷢսʱܵղַն֮ͷ֮·նһ죬֮˵ĻȫҪ
һصǿ߱Ĩɱ
ʦãַƺ˼쳾ɣһλʦЦ˵΢΢˵ͷʦӦһһῼʦĻģ
ʦһ˿ʣ漴ЦʦĶأ
ЦЦû˵ʲô貵Ĺ˿Ѿ񷶼ԽԽˣ谵֮У֮񣬿ֲɫ֮յз·۳һƬأأɫĹâϵӿַһֻǿȻһŴ֮ɫ޾̹еڲ񷣬͸ױȵ
Ķ벻עⶼѡ
ἸаţƬ൱ѩ¹Ľּǿ߶һ㶼ֻÿһƬϷ·Ϲŵܣھһ죬ںңԶĵطܹġ
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ַվ֮ϣɨ˼һۣĮĵûʲô±Զ㣡
ַһһţһصĻ칬ǿ߿ڵַ㣬˶Ҫ뽻׵ĻԿۡ
ַɨһۡ
һǳ룬˭סһλʦЦ£ʦƺ˸ղԼҲʹַͬĻַ˶ʵʵͷ
˻֮⣬ʲôܹȡҲԼҡ
ˣȻ䣬ַһ͵ĺɱһλԾʮǿߺ̤˾óöһֻһλصǿߣܲô
ַһĿ֮ƿնֱͬӻ񷣬ŶԷԴɱȥͬʱַȻתһ̤ƶعɶ
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֮ŭһ帡ɫףǿ䡣
ᣡַ³һ֮Է֮ɫ٣Լֲٶȱ룬֡
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˵ӵԵԼ֤Ļɣɻᣬһµĸʣֻϣ֤ǽԵ񣬱ӵɵϣԽ֤ĻʧܵĻջ֪
ڰ˻ľܹƾ츳֤Ϊʵ̫ˣȡĻᣬһΣΨڻ֮ԼϹս
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͡Ѫһλǿųһâһ̳ͲôᡭΪʲôں棬ЩӰһֱЩ룬ûյĲΪʲôġ
һͫг˾ɫɫѿ˼£ַһӰӳԼͷɱ⣬ĹزȻȻжĿĹ⻪˸ֱնѣ͸ղһ֪ôġ
صˣַǰ̫ˣаأͲһ̫ˣĽնǿߣµĽ㹻졢ٶҲ㹻Ѹ͹졣
𣡡ַɨһеˣǼ˻뿪ַսսƷ漴ٶ̯Լƣ̺ͷǵĹ⻪
ڸղŵɱȻΪַӰ꣬ӰѾ֮ŽӵϢӰ״̬ʱٶȶ죬ԼĿֲٶɴʹճһӰıȴǲӰʱȻˣһɱ
ûôַܰĵȴţַ˶죬ҪԼǰȥѰҵĻټϹսȴôҵˡ
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ַ嶸Ȼʧԭأȥ˫ᴩԷͫףгȨȣ䣡
䣡չûŪô±㱻ħͫᴩ併壬貵Ϊҡ
ҿжӲȨʧַһɱ£֮иŴȻƺܵһ˿ǼӲޱȵ𣬽ƿɱ
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ɱַ֮ٶſ֣âɱòв٣ֻɱһѣԶԶ


1435 Űն̫
ô£Զգв˼߷״֮ʱҫ죬ʱɢǲΪλ龰ᷨĻõӦŶԡ
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ǲԺȡǰ׳Ľ쫷磬ֱԶâ֮ضȥʱɱռˣȻҪ
쵰ĹһɫѿѪĻָơ
Żٶ޵УǶʦ޽⡣ϵĽɢƣףûսĿ⳯Զķ֮ȥ֣׶༪١
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ŭХһ˵ٶ̫ˣѾ嵽ַǰֲҪضиҪնַ㣬ն֮ʱǿֲٶûпַû
Ҳͣ£漴һ֮ĽϣȻ̧ͷַվ棬ŭȣ
޾֮ɫҪûܿӴ֮͵ļ³ȥǾ޴ԴɫģĳϿյַɫС
ַ˿͸ſµɱȨȻڽıϣͣϢϵʴŶԷ˿еĹֻ䣬ҪΨһлɱֶΣ˭öԷһЩء
ڻҵĽ˫ٹǽԼεĹ漴¡һ죬Ӵײ˵ϣײһ޴ĶС
ַٴʱ赲⣬޷ʴԷַ㰵ϧⶼûɱԼɱɱˡ
úݣȺɱַ㣬ͷݺݵĳ鴤ţЮŻĽ㱻ˡ
ʱȺַֻ㽫ȨȽֳ֣һµĴ󸫣Ǵ󸫷ţն޸ǿϢ
Ⱥַֻ㹪漴Яµ쫷ϸ£޸ݺݵ˰Ļ֮ϣ¡һ죬ٶȷŵ°ݽȥӲĺ䵽˵صס
лһܽ˰ɣȺͷ鴤漴ַֻһ£ת˲֮ʮ嶼뵽˼ǧĵصףһ޴ӡ
湻ӲַаݣҲëһˡ
㣡ʱдĺ񱤵λ̫ӽ٣ǿַɲ˲ӿɱ⣬񱤾Ŵ̫ӣλ̫Ӷַϣ˳֮ν죬һɱ죬Ⱥܿ񱤼λ̫ӵϢ̫ˡ
̫ӵֱۺݺݵ˦ͬʱĳַɱޱȿµ˺һУ񱤵ǿó£״̬
Ǻþˣַһŭ޴йǽٶʱɱ죬ħ֮ϣ쫷Юſռ嶸Ȼʧԭأ죬̫ˡ
䣡̫ӵĹݺݵԨϣĴ۵һѪ죬񱤵Ļ쵰˿ڻָ֮ǹҪָ棬Ļᱻַɱ
СģʱĴ̫Ȼͷ㿴ַ㳯̫ӳ˹ȥַ̤أȵǿ̫ˣҲַΣա
̫Ȼַ֪ǿᣬһȭն籩֮
ħͫᴩ̫ӵ̼併٣ֻһ˲䣬֮ϯ̫ӵѪ⣬֮
ͬʱַԺ˵ٶȽǰһնɱȺֻѪ̫ӵһΣն


1436 ε
̫ӵ屻ַһλ̫ӵ¶ɫĿ죬ɱ£ˣַѾɱλֵܣɱС̫ӣǵܣǵǵնɱǷ衣
Χ˵ͷ΢΢鴤ıַ̫ˣħӰ֣ħ㣬Ȩȣɱ̫֮ӺÿոͱֱȻһɱܵĻᶼûУֱɱ
ص˭ûлַ㼸Ǳذܣ˵а⣬ַƾԼ¾˸ɱ޴ӻ⣬ǿµģһǿʢһ̶ȣ˭˭Ҳ߿Կ֮ʴ
λ̫ӷַ㣬̫ŭһģ˺󣡡
ַ˲ɱ̫ӣʵ£ַ̫Σա
һ̫һ˿ǣȴе΢Щ⣬ڻ֮Լս̨֮ϣٻǸַģҪ̤ս̨նַȴֹƺѾʧȥַսʸ綼ֱӺ˺󣬿ɼȷַĶˡ
ȻַȻ˵׷ŹŲ̤磬֮гһλӰ⣬֮Լռ䲨˭ַ㡣
𣡡̫һŭХʱֲХνƬضƵùͬʱ̫ӵгһȨȣȻǻȨȡ
ַĲӰһȻȴַӰһĻ̫ҵţ·ĶҪȻתֻ̫Ѿ˵ǧ̫֮һĿĹӰ
ģܣ̫ӿһ̫Ҳܵµĳɱ⣬ֻоëɫ˲ҰףҪ㣬ȻоЩΪܹܵһٶжôĿֲҴֱţζ㶼޷ܿ˵ġ
̫ӵ¶ɫһУȻתַɱȥֱ⻯Ϊֱۣܺ죬ޱȡ
ͣȭɲǣ£µ⽫һΪ
ǰ΢΢һʹ̫ƴȭؿڣַӰ˸̫ӵʬҲˣһöָ棬ϵĴָȫ˵
̫ӵĻȨȺɱһͷͷֲڿŭХҪƬն˺ѵַ屩ˣ˲Ϣ֮⣬ħӶ̫ӣǻ
Ҳ̫ӣ̫ҲһѪ̨ϴ񱤽ɱ֮ʱŵǿ߱ȨԼѪ̨ʱŴ̫ӻδ֣ѩأ̫ӵʵԲյľ̫Ӹ˵һһַɱ˻ѣն̫Ӻ̫ӣȥúø°ɡ
ֳȨȵĴ̫ӷ׷ɱַ㣬ַ棬岻ˣ籼װѸ̫ͣóΪߣѪǿʢޱߣٶǷȱٶȹͣ޷ֿ䡣
гַӰӣʱΧȻжʮ˽٣ߣһڹսȻڴ˿̣һâȻһɱ˶ַӰ
˿һĻͷĨ˰亹ղǱַɱļһǶ£˾Ȼǿ֣ѵַ֪жĳ𡭡
ˣһȻ񷣬ַɱǴ񣬴˿̵ӵص׳˫£ͬ޽㳯ַɱȥ
䣡ַŭһ֮ٶǿͶӰͬʱܿǽɫľ޴ղڵλóֻ񷣬ɫϢĿַ㣺һɱ㣡
֪һͷëѣַ̧ͷգ˵һǷϰû֪֮ôһһҪɱֱ֪ν
ַ㼸裬޲ýַǧУһУַ㼸ëεȳ裬ɱַ㣬Ľѽ⡣
ѽŭХһȥ޾ŭ˼£ȴתۼʧȺ֮Уûˡ
Ѫʱһֱûж̫ŭһѪ̨漴Ѫ̨֮ϡ
ַɨ̫ӣǿЦʶѪ̨ѵΪòɣַֻⲽתۼʧס
̫ӺͶ̫ӶַԶȥӰŭз׷ַ㡣
ˣĵܺܣɱˣλ̫Ӵ˿໹ڲϵţŭ޷ƽϢ񱤾Ŵ̫ӣ񣬱ַɱֻʣˣǺεȱ
ֺޣֻѪϴˢ
Զ貵Ĺҡϣʣôҫۣܿ죬֮ϣغʹ̹֣͸ղŵһĻεȵƣһĻɫӲӿһ޷ζȻַ㣬ɱ̫񶼸ɱˣȻ㣬̺գɱˡ
ַ֪˶ףַ㻹ɱ˾ռҽƬսԼ£Щ˶гܹչȥַǿֱɱ˵õˡ
Ǻŵķ񣬲ɱҾնɱұߣ
Ȼַյ;˼£ûл֣ȫɱһ
ʱַ˸һֻ޷죬η塣


1437 ɷ
谵ĹսУĹԵøۣңԶ֮ص˶ܹĿĴش̹
ʱмӰַ񱼶ǿӰ֮ʱɵ¡
ַ㣡Ϊ죬û뵽֮־ַ޼ɵ
ʦַ֣㿴һЦ˿̣һ𣬳ĪսȻ̤սʱѾսǿߵʵлڣôܻ£Īսͺǿ
֮Ľ죬ֵΪѾˣĪҲ̤֮أսء
λʦֵ֮ܶŵĸ죬츳˵Ϊ籾ͱҪߣ̤غҲȻ
ַ㣬ǣսַ񣬲ɵһԣһⲻǴҳ
ԸһЩˣҵǶַ㽫ƽĵַֿΪɵ¶һЦ⣺ؿأƬսвҲ޼ˣѹһô
ַЦ£ʵʦ֣ʦֵܶû°ɣ
մԼĹаԼݲһݣӦò£ֻشʵҲ㹻ǿˣֻҪ΢һЩ±㲻д⡣
ϣ˰ɣַЦ£̨ʮ״ӣǶ̨ʢ͵ˣöҪúõĻš
ˣʱ谵Ĺսƺ΢΢£ַͺֵĿתԶȥ漴Ǳ㿴ԶһĿĹ񷣬֮ңܹĿ
֮أַĿ⳯Զȥ̤ƬսʱǷλ
ˣǳڿǿԳȥˣǹֵһˣʹߴٴο˷ӡǿԳȥ
ڿҲζ˱һ֮ڳȥг׽ǲȥû֪ʲôȴǣǻҲǵȴһʱ⣬û֪Ҳû˸ȥԣûлһ㲢Ǵ̤ģЩȥô
˭֪Բһ̣谵ĹսһӰ˸ȫǹƮȥ
ߣֿ˵һʱ˸ȥ
ʱ⣬Ҳ֪ˣַţ˼֮⣬ԣ꣬ѾǺܳʱˣ϶Ҳ˷츲صı仯ɡ
˵ٶȶܿ죬ǵԽԽ·ܿҪʱԶ֮һ貶ĿĽɫâХ̶֮Ƭ񷶼
֮УӰڷս׳Ľſң˿裬ɨ֮ͬɫɱ֮¡
аֿһĻȻһĿ֮⣬ǻ֮â˿ٶȶȻ䱩쵽˼ĵز
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ŭĿһ漴һĿֻ֮عնɱ£ֻ֮⣬Ҫֻء
ͣɫɨն֣֮Ϸһ֮ڴʱַҲˣȨ֣ŭȵë
ֲ˲併ħϣħ˲丽֮ХһһֻԼҪܡ
ַһŭɱޱȣȫٴϣһ̤˴ıһڴϣʱֻ͸壬ô񷢳ҽ֮
ˣһֻĴ򣬴嶸Ȼٶȼųڳȥ쵽˼顣
ֻؽɱֵĽǱĴɱȥ·жЩҲȶ˿Ѿ˳ڣһԽı֪Էһȥڣκε˶Է
󣡡̨ͬʱ٣ĿĶųڣˡ
Ⱥת˿̰ϥɲ·嶼ѿ˿̻ԡѪַγǰ˸ߣ彵ٰϣָһЩƣƬ̣ɫ΢΢ÿЩַ΢΢ͷ
ô£ʱ̨һҲ˸˵İʵ
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񱤣ʳ⣬Ҫ̨棬ѣ˻Ķҵ١
̤ؾ磬ƾֻ޵աаĪˣ̤֮ƾǵǿʢսǿµģͶأַ㣬һصַ㣬ԽһƬơ
ЩַȻɱǿ߸Ȼ̨ܿ¡
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һɿµɱޱȣַĿת漴㿴Ŀ£ɱ֮ߣħǣ֮ƺʹ಻ӳַͺ
ʦ𣡡̨˳֮ȥʿڵӶ߳ɵЦݣͷЦã
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ʿһĻʱĿһֻ˳
ô£ʽӲʵ
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ַҲ£漴¶һĨЦݣǰļӣ˻ȻĻұһˣ
ַĻƵᣬ̫ӺͶ̫ӶǷûһˣƽĶԻʺλ̫Ӹо涼ˣϢ޿ɶƵӶǺްɱˣ裡


1438 һ
սĳ֮أһӰ½̤˻ľʮʮʮʮĹȵȺ½֮ȴֻʮˣ̨ռʮһϯλ඼һˣһЩһ˲ʣġ
ǱڻʳΪʹߴ˵İɻڣĿ⻷һڶȺЦȰǰ߶ˣһҲ࣬س˲˭Ҫǰʥݣ֪ǵĳһǴң񽻸ңǰʥݣƬأ
˶Ŀ¶ɻ֮ɫʥݣǻһƬأˣǵĳδἰʥݣֻǴ½ÿһˣ֪ôһطţһطȴֻ˵֮С
ʹߴˣ֮׽ڲú飬ʹߴпյĻܷ۹һϲƣǰȥʹЦ˵
Ŷʹ߿һ۶ԵףЦװɣ
Ȯӡ΢΢ͷ漴׵ʹߴˣ
׼ʹߴˡ׹΢΢ʹ߷ǳԷʲô
СӲҺӢֵܱأʹߴЦ˵Ͷ̸·ǳһĻַüͷ΢΢ţⶫʲλʣҺʹߴƺ죬ʹߴڰ˻ľԼʮռһλ
ʹߴӵпĺ֮׹սȨأ
ˣҪرչţнλȥɡʹߴǰȥʼš
ߣֻӶסȺ漴Ųһ̤˲Ϣʧ
Ӱ˸ħͬһɫ㣬쵽˼飬漴ʡʵ˷׷ڿն𣬹
ˣʴ̤˻ĺϿ֮󣬾Ȼһֱۣӽ˺ѣ漴ѷ֮Уڵѷȫǿµķ籩һµɫĻӿֿ֣޿ռĻ籩һ޿ռдǰС
Ƭ֮˺գٶȳ˳ַ㷢֣˿Ѿ뿪˻ĺ̤˱ء
ÿֲٶȣַͷ΢޿ռдڻֱֳ̤֮˱ģңʦƺڶܣղĸоˣʦһɲǣʡԼʱ˲Ϣ˳ĿĲԶַ㷢ڻ֮Լһ˻ľľƣƺӵϢ
ڻ֮ԼڻʹԼû˸Ϊڻ֮Լ꣬ƺҪˣ˿ֱַİ˻ľǺôˣʻֱӳָԤ˻ľơ
ûйãʴ˹λ̨̨ʽ٣һâ
ˣ
ʧ֮ãЯ̨״ӹȥʱ̨ʮһ״ӣʱɣһ١
ַ㣡ӰƮƮʵ˸ģˮַڹˡ
顢ģַӰ磬磬˲Ϣߣӵס˶δ˵̫Ƕܹܵǹů
ʣʱһ֮٣漴̨ϿգӰ٣̨Ӷһʺ˫ʽ̨
кιɣ̧ͷƽеӰĮʵ
̨һʮһ״ӣΪڷǷһδڻ֮Լѽܱסˣ亮䣬в֮ⲻԶ
;ж޻˵һʻԳֶԺ̨֣˫ģ񱤵˲߶ɱ⣡
˿̵ʰ񷣬һΡɽǣｻ棬俴ƽÿһ˶ܹܵǹεѹʺԽ̨вɼ˫ìܵ˺ֵز
һȺСòűԳ֣Ц˵
֮ұģȻƽӦԷֱӶԷĿⶼ·㡣
úסĵӰɣǣܵӰã漴׵ʧ֮У·δֹ㡣
𣡡ŭһХ̨Ͽգ·һʥĿ֮ϣѹһ쾳ǵ˶ĸܵˣ̧ͷ쾳̨֮ȥ
Х죬漴ڿնȥԼλʧ֮䣬һգ쾳𶯣ڻ֮Լս֮ʧڻٴλص˻ģҸճ֣˫ʼ̨̨һ塣
֮ϢӶˣҲ׷ϢʧѾõڻԼЩŵӣˣ»ص˻ģƺˣȥһգԼ֮⣬û֪Ҳδ͸¶˿
ܹ²õһп±غڻ֮ԼĿģϧԶ֪յ׵ʲô֪ͬͬЩ߳ƵΪܻҫ۵ʱͻȻ伣һЩ߳ƵʷڱչؿޣѾΪݹǣȥһЩ֮أǴеգ֪ģԶֻЩվڽ˵Щ
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ַһ
ԣҲӦûǵ߱ͬ֯ɣڻ֮Լ߳ˣʸɻʵˣҲл߳ƬصˣЩˣŻ߱ͬ˵ռĿ꣡ʶ˵ַɫ΢˽ԣ߱ͬɱֹ֤֯ΪʣʵΣ³߲Щ⣬֪˺٣˵˭֪߱ͬ֯
ߣҲͬأǶлԾ
߱ͬԵģǷ񣿡ַţҲ޷ȷ
ҲΪʢۣɾʢ֮ʣǣֻЩɣǼ̨ʢľЦ˵ڹˡ
νԹӢۣ֮ʱĳԣҲűʢַ̤֮֮ʱۡ
ʥأַʵʦƺһֱδἰʥ֮£Ҫ֪õҪôԼãһĿģʥݡ
ַĻĬ£漴һ֮ɫһǴҽʥݣ
һƺΪ˼ֲˣȺһĸоʦƺ£
ֻһʱ𣡡ַ૵ķ··йֱһ꣬Ļᷢܶ£


1439 췲
ϣþ֮УַںԼӰײһȭȭϵĺɱ֮ڼá
䣡һַ֮㱻÷˳ȥǺˮǰԼ
ʹںϰ幥֮ĻҸûκλսʤܹ۰ٱԼȵܹƾ֮սʤʱҶĸѾܿˣʦ˵֮ƣȫϣ̤֮֮롣
ַţÿһ춼һطտʼַ㻹ΪأʵʲôûУʵֻΪ˼ǵһǲϻԼȥƣأΪɻʴ»
ɻʣѣٱ֮ƺ󣬻лǧ֮Ƶңʶصƿжǿڻ֮½Ϊϣȥʣȷͬݺѹ㡣ַţ漴վܶϢ˰ٱ֮ƵԼսߡ
ַ㣬Ϣ°ɡ鿴ַһδεսϵıõ£ɵЩۡ
ãַعһЦ漴˻ھ֮ϡ
ѭ򽥽α̫ɡӰַźˮԹĿַһۡ
ʱ䲻ңɻ֮һҪأַЦ˵΢죬ȴ΢΢Ŀַϡ
飬ַ࣡϶Ǻˮûϴһϴء
ûϵ鿿ֱַϣӰ͸һҸ֮⣬ַһʱ⡣
ַ㡣ĽϣһΪϵЦǣַ㺰һ
ʦַǣ飬漴峯·̤ȥѩϵ£ַ״ӣѩҲΪߣȴĽϣַΪûþѩҲóصʯá
ʦҲ̤֮ˡַ΢΢ЦѩҲ˶֮ŵĸ죬ΪͲѾˡ
СӾͲҪˣһȭܽͷɡѩЦ˵漴ԵַԼ飬мֻ䣺Ҿ˵ʦʦ
ʦʦַ£ѩϵʦʯ֮ޣδʦЩ档
ţʦҲһأɾ£ɷ˲֪ˡѩᵽ飬¶һЦ⣺ʱʦǬһˣ츳ǿ׷֮ͬе֣ȴÿζʦϣŰսսŰܣգҲ֪ʦʲôƭ֣ͳʦˣ
ַһۣ¶˿˿Ц⣬û뵽δʯʻһʷǬһŮ׷֡
ʦʦûк˵ʯʵϢΪҴû˵ǡ
ûУѩҡҡͷҲʦʦ£ɰңȥˡ
ַЦЦȻΪͬʦ˵ʯʺңȥˣ̨ǳǱĿǰԣ̨͸ǿҵΣʺԽҺ񱤳Ҫֵ̨ģ̨ԶûеôֹۣҲһս
̨һ˫ʣʯʲһ˼縺صʯȥ˰ɡ
Ҳ֪ʦûгɻʡѩЦ£żϣϣʦʦﶼðɡ
ַ㣬˵һ֮ҪǰʥˣʱؿѩϲͷַЦʵ
ȷûȥһˡַ΢΢ͷʥݣһҪȥģһ뿪֪ʱܻһˣЩ飬Ҫˡ
飬Ҫѩһˡַ˵뿪ֹʱ⣬Ҫؼҿ˳·ǬĻЩҲ˽ˡ
Ҫһȥ𣿡ַʵûֱ˵Ҫַȥѯַ㡣
ַ˫գЦŵҵһ飬ɱҵĺܶ࣬úõĴ̨Ҿϻ
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ʦȹȥˡַѩϴк漴˾ϵĹ֮УĿַͣ
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Сĵ㡣ûжʣֻһ
İɡַĵĶͷ£漴ֱ飬һ
˵գַſŮת˴Ųһ磬ڿնȥ̨֮ȥ
޽֮ϣַ̤ž޽ƶǰУл֮طɳ۶ȥٶȼѸ͡
лģųǣַ̤ڹų֮УŲͣʼڷ̤УͬһڳзǳѸ͡
˻ľѩ¹̫ңԶһһҪʱ䣬ַųǰʼңһãһ̤ͨѩ¹ˣʼҵ󣬱ֱͨѩƺɽλõģƺɽСǣѩ¹ĻʹֱӴ͵Ŀĵء
ʼ֮⣬˿̾ӰֻǿĿյ֮ϣһӰֶһϮɫۣ߳ԵüΪվڹȺ룬͸һɰȺ֮š
ַ¶һɻ֮⣬Ȼһλ꽵ʼ£֪Ǻˡ
ǰȥַ켣Ⱥ֮У漴Ⱥ۷׷ףַ֪ԭԼªˡ
ԭΪ췲䣬ǽսʱԣսӢܣڰ˻ľѾ죬Ϊڲǰ췲ǿƵлĹų֮һĻóǣս칬ʮ֮һ已һȭ已ܣպգųʼңսʮ֮һ裬ƺҪʮһһս鲢ܡ
췲ˣΪһʮ
ԶһӰ̤ƮȻ裬ַ㾳һء
췲֣ڿնĿӶԷɸֶԵޱš
ʮ֮һ裬˵ý֮ɱ壬֮սһʤΣ췲ûаϻֱӿڡ
ãͷ˿ûа֮⣬췲ս˵սǿߣȫʤ已һѪ
ɣ췲ƽ˵³΢΢ƮһһףԵø
ãֻǵͷ漴һ̤ʱۣͬһìȫɢǰɱȥֲ֮Ϣܽһλֱиɱ
췲ϵĳ۶ȻŭХ޾֮ɱϢͬڣŭХɸǣɽ˼¡
һ֮ʣɱ֮Լռ֮һգɱױ֮Ϣͷš
ɱ췲ڶˣۿ裬˫ȭƿգһ̵ɱȫǵۻɱɱǧţ޾ȭŭХɽӡΡɽȺһִԵĲһˣǺޣ


1440 羰
ĹžǱѰַһۿ췲ɱƱף췲пµĹžǿȵĹžĿǰԣֻ֪ûмƵĹ
޹ǿ۾һЩһ۱ܹƾԷͨƲԷĹͬһ֮ͬ˺⾳ȫַͬڻ֮Լͨս̨ս֮ʱȻ֪޹ǳģɻ֮޹žħһۣԷͬΪͬˡ
˿̣췲˫ȭƿգǹ⾳֮ǿܹĸܵ˵ֱ췲ˡ
ɱ֮ұɱѾ̤˰أ췲ͬΪɱ壬ȴͬɱ֮Ϣѹȡɽ£ˮ޽Ĺû¡һ֮˵ǧ֮⣬סΡ
ۡһѪ³ɫ԰ף˿̷·𶼸о£һɿµɱ֮ŰΪΪ
ͣʮϢʱ䣬Ŷ˶Ŀ⿴췲ĿȴδǷ֮⣬ƽˡ죬ӲΪԼͬ޵Уǿ˺ַܶ࣬һ磬һ췲μġ
ллƽ³˶㶣лл췲˵лл
һǿ췲Į˵Ʈ漴ڿնȥȥ磬ʼҲûΪ豻սʼҳĻôʼұԵ̫ûػˡ
һһվ˾ռң˾ôв²⣬췲ս·߶ԣһվпͬлĵʮ˾
û뵽ǿ˾ȻҲһȭܣѪ췲̫ˣһʮпֻħڤܺ棬һַ㡣ţҲ֪Щʧ˹֮жǿʵҲ췲ǿ
ѾһսĽ֣˴ĽɢȥҲʼ̤ȥʰѩҲڣ΢΢ͷ
֣ʱһƮԼʰѩĶУ˻ͷ漴㿴ַӰ
ַ㣡ַʰѩİ¶һĨЦ⣬ԵøġƯЦַ·ǰѩ龰
ּЦˡһ˿Գ֮⣬ַ㲢δһ£ľǳһܼȴӰ֮ģսܻǷϣЩ˵ԣԽԽ£Ȼںߡ
ֺǫ֮ˣ˭ܣϱǿ֮·֪ٶ֣սҲǳ¡ַ˵
Դڰ˻ģȴδйܼЦ˵
ҶǧзЩȥַҡͷ
ȻġЦ£漴һѵʼңߣ˴ζҪúΪֽӷ磡
̨ʼȻǰͬ˹ϵֵַҲδйʲôڣʰѩַ㻹ʦֵַ֣ܵѣʼȻύģַݣѾǸ˻ʱˣһҶԸɣκһַܾΪѵġ
ʵ˴ǰʵ󡣡
˵޷
һãǰѩһˡַûʲôʼҲܾģҪһЩۡ
С£Ȼûʲô⣡ˬĴӦֿɵʼһ
ˣҸʱ䣬շлһݷõģ
£Ҫڣȴʰѩַ㣬Ҫؼҿɣһǰʼѩ²дͷ󣬿ͨ˻ģһһػ᷽࣬ҪԽңԶ·;
ַ㱾ܾģʰѩ仰ͷĿʰѩһۣû뵽ʼѩ¾ͷ󣬹ȻΪѩ֮׼֣ܳϧûв͸ǽվǱ˻֪ˣȻ²Ҳ򲻿ħµķӡ
ѩô꣬һֱﻮ£ˣҲѩ¿Ͼ˶꣬ȥһѧԺʰѩЦַ΢΢ͷûж˵ʲôʰѩ֮أʼһƬǳصĵط
ӵĴͼ̨֮ϣޱȸӵ·ǿʢѩµĶλʰѩҪãػҲ˵ʲôһֲչ񷣬ַʰѩӰȻʧ˹֮С
ַʰѩٴγֵʱѾһƬãɽ֮ˡ
ƺɽλ󲻿ܽλó׵ĶÿδͶһЩƫֹ󷨣ƫܴ󣬴ʱַʰѩƺɽλãңַ㸩·ʱ£ǱƽƺɽȻһ˲ã֮ϣΡ׳ۡ
𺳵ǣɽƺȻγɵɽһʯѳɣȴǰǲϸ޷ֳյƺɽһģһ
áַ̲סѿ³һ˫¶һĨů֮⣬·ӰһλλƺڵĵţзϿȣ̨һеһУôϤУƺڣַ֮ᣬûƺڣûַ㣬
˭ƺںθɣʱһӰڿգԪ彵ַǰĿ͸ž֮⣬ƺ֮ϣûжԪ
ߣַ΢΢һЦ䲻ΪأΪ
Ų̤ȥַ˷Ͽ棬·֮Ͽ֮в̨ս֮շǳŨң֮һƺǿ̫ˣϾƺѩ¹ĳѩ¹֧ţѩ¹Ĵַ㣬վڱ
ÿһ꣬ǰҪƺڣΪŵӵһԱңԶˣΪдԳƣַΪѩ¹һʿֲĲƸѩ»һؽƺڣƺӵµĹ似ʥ
겻ַ㣬ǰȥ֪ͨŵĳϣｵ٣ǷǳΣյġ
ַϿϿյıԵ֮أָ̨ЦգҲ˾
ڻعͷٿķ羰ζɣʰѩվַ󣬵Цš
ȷǱζַƽĵ𵱳֣ǿֵĻǲ죬񶼻ܰĻ䡣
ʰѩʼôվţַƺڶԣѾվ˾Եĸ߶ȣվ濴ַ㣬ַȴ濴ǡ
׳ϺֳϡʱϿеȺмƮɵ¶һĨɫ漴ǼλϳϿȱԵλȥʱǲע⵽λ࣬ŵܸɾĿ䣬͸Ųɣ֮⣬·ܶ࣬һˣѩȻһǳƯˣ


1441 µƺ
ƺڿԳΪƺڣ˲ַֻ࣬ջʳоһЩһЩǳѪеĺ֮ˣЩƺڵĺ׳ϺֳǺƺڣΪųϡ
λǷ֮ʱȶĿǰλֻ⿴һۣܹܵǵĲͬѰǵ䲢һȷϿĵӶ󣬵ǹƵᣬ峺еĲ׺ɣƺ˺ܶܶ࣬ǵĸɾ꣬ûվ֮ôƯȴ˼ƮȻ֮⡣
ַ̧ͷĿ⳯˿һۣλ϶Ǹ߽䣬ΪգּǿѾƺڵ۷ˡ
λϼַĿ⿴ֻоҪ͸ȫ¶վڶԷǰûаܣָо඼˵ţµǿߡ
ǡ׳ͻȻ뵽ݳ⿴ĵ񣬲ɵͫ͵£΢΢ʵǣ֡㣡
ַ㣡һλֻо΢΢һĿ𾪵Ķǰ꣬һλܹնɱ˵ߵ
ַ΢Цŵ˵ͷλкݺݵһ·Щ٣һλ˵еվǰ˵ǲܣȻַǻҪܶ࣬˫վĸ߶ȫͬѩ¹ַǴ
ַ˶ַľϹʾأȻƺַ㣬ַؽƺ֮ʱΪǺһû˻˵ǡ
ǣַˣ׳ת˫۾𣬶ŷϿкһ·ַǣһҫ
ַ㿴׳£漴ҲȻƽһЦվﲢûоʲôڶԷȴȫͬˣͺñȵ֮ʱһߣǾǴ˵Ǹ߸ϵģңƺڡѩ¹壬Զܹͨġ
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Ͽ֮УȻ˶ݵļžڱܻսǣһͬʱĿַ⳯ڵķλڷϿ϶˱Ե֮صĿ꣬ǡַ
˵ַܹɱߵ
ңַһ֧µľţս޲ʤǶǿߣһҪַǰ
ַһ񽣣ս޲ʤҡ
һӿͷЩַĴ˵һεѩ¾䣬ѩ¹Ѿô֪ˣ֪ǰ֪飬˵֮ϣи߸ϵʣ֮ϣо֮ۡ
ѩ¹ַĴ˵̫ˣʮƺ£ʱ£յѩ»ңѩΪӴѩ¸ΪգΪַ׳࣬˿̿ƮݵӰΨмȡ
ַ֪Ǻȴһ漴һӰϿл죬ַֻµ籩ϯƺڱչ͸ɽֶ㶣˺ĿֲѪ֮漴˸ĳ߸·ʶʲô
ںַ׳쳹أƺɽԼΧǣֻһֿܣַܻˣ
ׯϵˣʰѩվַƽľҲһѪ֮УǱȺȾһŻΪ۵͸żѪ֮⣬Ư۾¶˿˿ЦݣǰַһۣԼδ뵽ĳ֣Щ˵ķɡ
ַȷδ뵽ˣһȥϿеУȫǿ뼤Щ۵ף·Լյ£νѪȾۣնڵҰƬա
λվַƽ¶һĨǳЦ裬Ů¶֮⣬ѩ¹Ĵַ㣬˵Ӣ
磡ʱһͬһ㣬ܴ͸ż֮⡣
ַĿתһͣ漴ɾĿ¶Ц
磬Ƿ磡Ӱ΢΢ţַ̤
ַŲȻһ磬Ӱӵס˫ȭǵıϣƾһڿϻˣ
Ǹջ˵뿪ؽƺɽҵȻȫΪļƺھɲһŬʱ䣬ƺڣƾϵѾˣūӡҲȥڶߣȻѡ
Ĳַָһһȭԭ뿪֮ƾؽƺɽʢȴԼһ׮Ը
ʱƺɽܱ߳Ӱǲ׳漴㿴ַӰ͸żɫַˡ
ƾֵַܣǶַ磬ַ˵¶˿˿Ц⣬˵ĸ飬Ҳ֮⣬ԺַܷһΪǿߣյͬܺһֵܡ
Ӧõģһʾ޴ƸϣؽƺȻһˣȻҪɷһ룡Ц漴Ͽȵˣ磬㿴ƺǣǷ
ţַ㿴һųףͷЦ
ƺڵĶǣַģ
ƺڣֲ˺񷣬Զɽ޶ХֻͨޣһͬɽŭХ㣬ġ
磬ȻˣƺһɣƺڣĿȣַЦ
ַЦ
⼸֡ƾѵ
ãַ˵ͷ漴Ųһ̤ٷϿ֮УڵһϿɽڡ
ȺַӰĿ¶ڴ֮⡣
ˡȺַָֻлʱշ·𱻽ضϣһᣬôبյУͬһ֮ſ֮Ϣ
һտ֣
ȺоǺεȵľʵ
һ콣ţٶȳһᣬĽལͷַֻ¼֣Ƕԣϵı
ַڿ֣֣
ȺĿⶢգؼ䣬һֺب֮Уɢȥ
ڶ֡ȻǺֳεɲǣϣƺָ·ب棬͸ž֮֡
ȥַһʱƺƮֱӡϿʯУ棬֣·ᶯ㣬콣⡢пֲĿռ䲨治⾳
ơڣȺ૵ӴˣϿȵһɽڣΪƺڵһ֮أҲΪʥأʥ֮أ


1442 
ַ֮˸صϿ֮ϣ˵ĿȴɽϵĴϣƺڣɢĽ⡢͸֮⾳⽣⽫Զڴˣһɳ嶯޽ϰ֮
ַҲǽ꣬һһΪѩ֮ʱҲһһ
һʯڣӴܸ֮һ֣Ĺмֵǽʥء޽֮мǲɢĽ⣬ڴˡ
ַ㿴ƺںĿ¶ĳȣ̾ϢϧϿϻϹյƺʢȻο
ߣַź˴һ漴ͬһ㣬źƾȻʧԭأȺӦ֮ʱֻԶһӰַӰȻʧ
ÿ죬ٶȣЩӰ似ܵǰַǰ޷֮Ϊٶֲ̫ˣ˿ַʧӰ̾ϢȻʧ֮Уַ㣬ƺڵĴ棬ѩ´档
ַһǵģЩŮе䣬Щ˸Уζû뵽ѩµĴ˵ᡢ˵ݣӰ㽵٣һ֮ʱǹʣ޷죬֣ƣӢж
ʱַѾãã֮ϣǱΧС磬ַ¶һЦ⣬׵һﲼʵ˵ܿ¡
Ҷ֪ĸڲܽȥˣҰɣַԵĺЦδ飬֪ôġ
ã尴˼󷨵ıԵ֮أݳΪڣϿסݳУʵݳСһƬģǿȥ磬Ψŵ˲̤롣˵һͬǴ˵Ż̲סһʰѩ
ϾС統Ǳ׵ռݣֻּŵ˲֪Ĺѩ¹ҡ
ַ㣬ȥյĻʳһߣңʼҵҲһѧԺ㴦֮󣬾͵һѧԺңһذ˻ġʰѩַ˵ַ΢΢˵ͷѩ鷳ˣ
㲻Ҫ̫˾ͺãˣҶʺãʰѩתȥ˻֣Եø
ַĿʰѩȥ漴˾޽һݳǺХȥٶȿ쵽˼飬ûйãַݳǣݳǱ󷨰УȴһƬʢӰ嫣նǿơ
磬治ݳǻ˷ʱ򣡡Цô겻ƾѶ֮ݳУѾëˣʱܹ֮ˣ߲ź
ѩ¹ʵԶƷ۹۶ʵѾΪѩ֮ƽʵڹ꣬ѩۣƾ˵ݳǻʯ߼ǿв٣֪ģߣߵѩκһطվڶ˵
ݳǵĻƽʵѾԽѩκһǳˣַɷ֮գĸοݳУ洦ɼˣҲʱѩֵطѾǺǿʢˣݳǿȻˡ
ʱַ˱˻ʹ֮УŲַ̤Ӱֱʧ˸ʹ棬δ̫ĺ䶯λַ밲ЩϾܿҪ뿪ˣԼ˱ɡ
ʹеһŵͥԺ֮Уһ¥̨ͤκѮΪʵǿ󣬲ûԵа˥̬֮һ˵ķ̴棬ȴŶׯ֮⣬˿ǣ͸ŴĸĹ⻪κɵǰԶһλСˣš
ˣֺվһˣСкЦŵ
СкཱུģЦţ˿κɡֺֿԵøĿɰ
ĸףСкڻǳκɵķ˹ȥֺκɵϵĴĸЦӵŨСк
˹ԡ㳤ˣҲ͸һΪӢۣκСкıӣЦ
磬ôˣСкɵ˵ΪԪԵʣСͱȽϴҲ㣬ҲѾʼ֮Щ¶ˡ
ˣؼ䶸Ȼһ磬漴κĿһԣͻȻһӰͻȻ併٣Ӱɲǣ˲£漴ϵøӵ
ַ㿴ǰСкСкҲ˴۵Сۡ
硭磡Ск૵һƺ漴۾κȥƺѯʡ
κɼСкԼ˸磬Ŀⲻ֪ľ΢ЩһĪĸж
籧ַСкĺ֣ͷҲо·𱻴˰㣬˿˿ů
κɽ˵ݸַ㣬ֵһμ棬ֻо۾ԽԽʪ
ˣַСкԴû뵽δ飬Լһܵˣ⻹ĪľϲҲãԼڲڸĸߣڣͿ鸸ĸˣҲǸĸ˵ԭɣ֮ǲ̫ˡ
磡ֺһЩƺӵȻ˵ŻѷЦЦԵøӵĿɰ
ԣַеܵޣַ㳩Ц漴Լĸĸסĸףллǣ
ɵӣлǸʲôκɽԼˮøɾַһۡ
ллΪ˸ôԵĵַܵܰЦ˵˫ֽ˳ҵĵܵܣˣһΪص
˺Цţ¶ԴǵãҪΪص
ˣ㶼˸Ż㣬˵Ǹˣһ񣡡ַԵøĸˣκɺֺһﶼЩأȴǷǳůġ
ַ㽫˷˵ϣ漴ȡһöָһʱ֮ϳһЩر֮ֻ֮䣬һĹֱӳ֮ϣһƿֲķӶԵκɺֺϢĸоʲôÿ£
֮ϣоöԼõöɱһЩˣֶöһö
֮ϣһƬãء˴̹桢ŵ̫Ѥˣһѩ¹˶̧ͷѩ»ޱȡ
ַ㣡κɿ֮ϵ֪ǿֲıɵúһ
ȴַ㽫УЦŵˣ㿴ƾоҪһʯͷ͸㣡
˻¶ʱַƾоԼѡʺģһߣʱ޿̲ٸܷԺǻо޴ôġ
磬ҪǸָһеһţǴ
ãǾŸˣַЦЦǴС˵ϡ


1443 
ĺսе񣬴඼ʵ¶ڣֻǵľǿʢķϢκƻԼѡ񣬻δһǿĳɾ͡
лл磡СĿɰַַϣַ㣬ַԵκֺЦСһ
ˣĸһŴָĶǱóģκЦ˵漴ַһۣС㣬͸˵ģʲô
񣬽֮ڳʾʱõ˴ߣСҲ֮кǿ׺ַЦȴκԼֺͷ΢΢鴤̺ʲõǵһ˵
Ŀ⿴ַ㣬κɺֺ¶οɫˣ˵ĳɾͻǵĴַ㣬עҪΪʵǷ޶š
ˣ˸漴ƬռӰǽǿ߽Լֵܶˣ
ַüͷ΢΢£Ŀһ֮ɫ·ǳ졣
뽣տַ㣬ֻоͷ΢£ɵöַ΢΢һ
ƽʱҲ˵𣿡ַ㵭˵һƽ̺һƺ⣬ýԼ΢Ĳ˲
ҶֻǼ߹â죬Ҫһ£оַŬɵ£գƺˣΪѾأ׷ˣÿֲٶȡ
ҪʲôɡַĮýԼѩ¹ǻѩ»ҰΣǿûдһк׺ĸ׵Ϣ֮أȻԼĸĸԶûжԼôɵΪ
С㣬ˡַֺ֪Ϊζŭ˵ʵ䲻ַ֪ΪγΪǵַҲܶΣβˡ
ˣַŲһ磬ʱһ콣ŭХͬ꣬ƻ籩̼佫ԼС
ַһȣʱ֮˲ϢֽԼգǿµ֮ýպͽֲ֮ǵڷŰʱˣ֡
ɫֹҪǴûио˵ľ˵Ľӽ·ֻҪַһͷǾ͵
ˡһ˵˿ǲƺʶأǰַ㣬Ϊַ֮˿̵ַ㣬Ѿǿ󵽿װˡ
һΣɱ⣡ַ˵ջأŲվֻоǺˮ
л˵ԴˣоҵĲţ̫ˣѾɳ˿ֲľأɱǡ
ú飬ǻ֤ģǶˣҲõеļַһЩ˹ͷ
°ɡַƽ˵պͽŸȥȴþ޷ƽĳɳ̫ˣԺһҪؼ츳̤֮ǳ֮£ʱǽԻҲõõչˣͻеľ硣
ֺ³ʱ䣬СʵѾµ־ˣ֮λĿֲǿϢ·ģңС㣬Ҳ졣
ַ㵱Ȼǹǵģѩ¹ַ㲻ڣͽձǿߣ뷨Ļļ˾ѣ˴Σûκεֱ֮ͨӳ˽Ǻ˼ɵı֣ԼĸĸһǵöǿͿġ
ԣַݺݵһһǶԼģ
ǣκɵ̧֣ͷκɵ
Ȼģ˳ҲҪһΪǿߣû˸۸ĸˣκɹ˹˵СЦ˵
ţҳһ͸һκ۸ĸףСԴ΢΢˫峺Ĵ۾дſɰ֮⡣
ˣʱһСӰ˸СԴǰͤͤŮСŽ㣡
СһﻹأСų嵽˵ߣСһһѱ漴Ȼֽס
磡ڿпĿַ㣬ַһȻѾͷ
СĿתַһۣСŸӵƯˣѾ
粻СŽ㣬ֻСŽޡСЦ˵ţС˶ˡֺκһЦѾͷҲǵŮһԴġ
ַǰСͣ쿴ַûлˣ
ⲻǻ𣡡ַСŵ漴Ͻ˱¶µı飬Сֻؿڡ
ߡС죬ĹĵĿַ㡣
ˣǸַСѾͷԴ˵
⻹ࡣСŵ˵漴¶º͵ɫַ֣磬ҶͷƷƽ㶼أǿȥǰɣ
С㣬СȥɣκҲ߹˵˽˹ȥ
šַ΢΢ͷ漴˵С¸㣡
á˹ɵĵ˵ͷ漴СŸַһ뿪
ѩ¹Ļʹ󷨰Сһͨڣŵ˰ţ֮һǸҪλãʹ֪˶ֻȲЩš
ַС̤󷨿ռ䣬СУֱػĹʾӶȥҶǶס
ûйãַСűߣҶԶĺХ̧֮ͷǵӰʱĿͽӲ·Ųƶתۼ䣬ʱ⡣
Ƭռ̵ĹԵøַߵ˵ߣЦᣬǶӿ˻УҶƶַͷû˵ֻǾĸһ̵ܰ
Сվ¶˿˿Ц⣬ַҶһҲеۣܸˣ


1444 
һʱ̵ֺκɴСҲˣַҶһ죬κɷҲġ
Ҷ㡣СҶߣҶһºͣСѾͷȴϲˣÿζҶ˽Χ˸ϲҶ
С綼ˣӦýҶɩɩŶԡСЦ˵
ɩӲ˽нɣСҶ˵СԴκɿһһ飬оůֿ֡
κߵַߣʵôûдһðɣ
κǷǳϲģŮŮǶַĵһŮˣƽ⣬¶ַţΪ˱һˣԭΣٲȻϣַҪúõġ
ĸףҴҪȥˣûдһ𡣡ַ˵ţĻκɵȻ¶һĨʧ֮⣬ҶҲ̲סַ㣬ʹ
ַЦ£˻ľƱĪ⣬һֱѩ¡
ĸףģѾΪˣò˶ñ̤֮ʱұӵԼС磬Ƕߡַ㰲ΣԼĸ׵κֻܵͷҲǵöעⰲȫúչ飬ҪȻҲŹһ
İɣַ§κЦ¡
磬Ҷ˵Ưˣʲôʱ˿С۾Ŀַ㣬ǵ˶Ц㳤㣬Ҿ㡣
ã˵СЦ˵
ɰҪҲôӾͺˡҶЦ˵ַҶЦ𼱣̤֮ӵиõѪʱһ˸һСޣ
˭ҪһѣҶ΢΢ҧҧ촽ĸɬҶҪ죬Ͼַַ֣Ůˣ⻰Ȼоɬ
ַ㿴ƣһɫĳȹĻļɫȹƣѾͷһֱĬûȫķſַ춯֪Ϊ֣ûȫΪԼŮˣԱԵóĬࡣ
Щϰ𣡡ַߣƹɫĳȹϸ֫Ƶ΢΢£Ϻθ
Ҷ͸ĸţĻʲôϰߡѾͷѾûյĻ𱬣·ø˳ͷ˵
ϰ߾ͺãսΪУͽѩ£ίˡַ̾һ
˵ʲôأԹĿַһۣ漴糺¶һĨЦݣԴ΢΢ַļͷԵøİ
סĸףҴӦ˴ȥأͳȥ߰ɣҶַһۣ¶һ˿ЦݣκԼֺ˵
ţáκ֪ҶѾͷ˼ֺ뿪
ҲҶһ棡СѾͷЦ˵漴һۣСһԴϽһСŽСħŮ
˵ĻƵɫ·ϴŵĳȹΪһɫЩһ
Ҷĺ˾䣬Ŀ˸ȴ·һƵڴ֮⣬Լһֱ޷֣ʵҲнٵģ
ҶЦЦ漴ŲԶѩԼʹ˸ŮһֱҶһҶ⣬ҲȥʱƬ羰Ĵ֮أ·һ˲䰲ʣַˡ
ռžȴ·֮ƽԴַĻУޱȡ
⾳֮£飬ƺӦʲôַܵƵĽţЦ˵
ҪƵϸӬܵͣСֽ߬ţҶѾͷȻΡ
ĲҪ𣡡ַƵ°ͣſεӣ۾Цݡ
ƿĿַ㣬аһҪʲôԼְҪ˵ʲô˵ĳڡ
ַЦЦı飬ֳַ㴷˹ȥе쵰
ַЦЦ漴ץƵ֣΢΢ԼϣƵ۾þǰͻ쵰𣡡
˵ţַƵգͬʱ˫ַƵ˫磬İƽȹȥ
Ƶ΢΢Ӳ˿УƺҲǣҲǣͣоԼĳȹ˳˫绬£ַסĺ촽һֻħצ˳ǹ֮أӳȹл˽ȥϵĳŮ̽ȥ
ŰַסǷ֮ʱӯӯһգֻоͬһ˷·ȥ
쵰һƸַܵƵůϵŮදţߵòУ˫Ĵ£ļ٣Ǵ⣬۾΢΢ţָо꣬ɴʲôȥ룬ֻǰţξժ
ʱַѾȼеĻ棬ֵܹ֮Ů֮ҲΪݣԶΪ֮β
΢΢̧ͷַ㿴ܵ飬֮Ũ촽˳ǰ첱һ·ȥʸŮƽǳȹԼȥ̼䣬һ˫ѩ׶˫ȫ¶˿֮У㽿֮죬˺·Ҫֹͣ
ַ㿴һ˫ѩ֮з·ȼһŻ棬ǰ㣬Ƶĸӵķ˫ҲС
Դǰַ̽㽫̽ѩ׵ķ֮Уá
Ű˫ֱַԴֻоû˰·ҪѰ㣬ȴ֮Уָо̫ˡ
ͻȻƾһַֻ㽫ƿһһ߱Լ·һԼŮ壬һ̫ɫˡ
ܿ죬ַ㱧˷֮УĴ֮ϣַԼĳȹ£ƵԴ׵ᵽ˱Уȥ
ƷƣΪҵŮˣַҧƵĶ䣬ӷ˹۾ţҿַ۾漴оַΪӣ΢΢ֿ
һʹϮƷһ˵ʹȴҸоԼһޱȵĳʵַŮˣϣͷβַġ
ַ㣬죬㣡۾ˮ󵨵Ŀַ㡣
˵ַ˫ס֮أʼޱջĻϳ۳ң֮У޾㺹졢ĽϣҸѪ֯һ£


1445 
֪˶ãС͸Ҵ⣬ǣۡʹҲ֣ܿ˿̵㺹죬ڵĺţѩ׵˫ջ
Ʒƣַ㿴ǰĽѩ׶ͦ˫ḧţƽһ糺죬ߵ޵ݣַĻУλȴӲַħצ
棬ҶСһˣˣɵøо˵ţôˣһﲻỹڡ
СţǾɡҶ뵽ַԼʱɫССŵ۾ţ漴ĵ˵ͷŸͷƷƽôûأŮҲһƺΡ
ҶĿСһۣ漴ЦŵСҲŮأҸ˼ˣ
Ҷ㣬СŲŲҪءСҶĻСҶһۡ
ȿȣһ֮ҶСһ漴Ŀַ߳ƣֻƵĳ΢Щң糺һƬԴҿҶСš
Ҷ¶һ˿͵ЦݣƷƵôãԸԳˡ
ƽôˣģССǰƵֵ
ƿѾͷ϶ÿܵγˮˣʵ
Ʒƽ㣬ĳȹô˺أ壡Сŵ۾ܵĿƣƺ޲Ҹضȥݺݵĵַһۡ
ȿȣַһޱȣСѾͷǷᰡ
ҵСŶôƯˣҪСҸ˼ˡַСŵС˦ַ֣漴˫ַֹĲӣƤЦĵСŲŲҪأҪһֱ͸绹нһ𣬸㻹Ӧȥүүأ
ãһҪǰʥˣʱȹȥȰ˾ʹСһȥַСѾͷСַĻ΢΢۾漴ЦŵǸȥһҪСһЩʥݵǿߺöء
ллСѣַСŵԴǰʥݣȻСġ
ţȥ档СЦС뿪ҶıӰЦССħŮҪùˡ
ַ㣬ȥȪˮݸɣϣкζأҶ۾գ£Ц˵
ƷҲһŶҶֶЦ
Ҷ䣬ͱַһѱȪˮȥҶֵĿһ
ҶҲһϴɡַЦĿҶ۾ҶĿ˸Ầߡ
Ȫˮ֮УһϷţƺַ˷֮ʵҲſ࣬Ӵ
ҶѩأôҸõ˼ңѪһЩ֮ˣʲʺϡַ㱧Ҷӣˮлǳʵ
ΪҲ룬Ƕϣǹ㣬ǸŮ㽫˱㣬ѩͬãȻҲߣƽﻹ߶үأ˵㽫ģٵū澡
Ҷ˵ַĿ£Ȼ˽ŮԸ˼ѩȴܴڵʱ򶼺ܳĬֻԶԶĿһϴǳǳЦݣƺҲ
ǾȥߣҲϲˡַЦ˵漴Ҷһ˰
СŴС˹ˣС˶ַ죬С͸ίɫĳַ㺰һ磡
꣡ҶƿСί飬ʱһЦ
ַСŵнӹˣ¶ɫϧСһﻹСܲס֮ȵ֮ʱԼҲӦõ۾ˣȻСɡ
СʱСһЩĹԼ°徧ʯͰƬӶĴָҲзĲƸĸǺúˣǰԼһѵߵڣЩƣ·߸ϣַܹĺͰۣ˵ܵܣҪӵõԴԼڣýЩԼָȻҲԼȥȥɳ
ӵкõԴܴһУ֮·վҪԼ٣ṩԴ·
ѩȥҸĸúƾҲһӦҲڻʹһԶ硣ַ̧ͷѩ˵
õүѩ˵ͷ漴С뿪
㣡ַЦҡͷһ
ûүǰѩ˵ӰܿʧˣһЩʱ̣ǽʹַ㸸ĸԼ˻ʹĺƾӽˣһ˵ڣǳܰ
ַ㽫ԪҾȡַͺƾδ˲پƣֻоģǳʹ죬ֺҲ˵һţǰݳǵǶͬʬһκɼ棬ַԼĸ׶ܼʼձΣǾʯ㡣
һжȥˣַΪ˰صǿмλòӣκˣһжķչֻǿַ㣬ƴ⵱׵İַ㣬ҵĻʯ
С㣬׾һַֺٱַæƱЦźס
С㣬㾭˶ĥ׵䲻Ҳĳɾ֪ͣ˶ٵɽѪо仰һҪ˵Ҫʲô飬ײܹվڴ½֮۰أֻúõĻţ
ֺ͸һĨ֮⣬κҲٱС㣬Ҳĸ׵Ը
ҲҪ磬ҪúչԼСץϵľƱѧֺ۵·ǳصն嵭˼֣ôҶЦ
һģַ˵ô÷һУȻһ
֮һֻСССһС漴ǺÿС۾ᣬϺ˵ģǶ˴ЦСһ㣬һڷԪҾƾ͹ܵˡ
ֺСһԴЦŵСݳǺεȼΪ׵ܾί˺ŽԿ׳һ磬ǹСһúܵˡ
Ǽ˾ָκЦĿⶼСһȷСˣŽԿ׳ԺҪСѾͷ̳ɻħˣѩ¹ѩ˿Ҫˡ
һڣʱ˲½ɢȥֺκɴС뿪ˣƾҲƺڡ
ַѩѩȥҵպͽҵĽȥýǰ۹һɷڵţ⣬ҵĽǬص۹ѩɽϣٿǬڴᣬصͶɽׯ
ǣүѩַ뿪ַ¶һ˿ǳЦڴᡢɽׯôϤػὫ°õģ


1446 پɽׯ
½뿪ֱ֮߱þͤУֻʣַ㡢Ҷˡ
ַ΢΢̧ͷе¹⣬Цŵ׵Ǽһﲼ濴Сȫ󷨰⿴ȴɸܵõճ䡢ң
Ҷпַϣܰ
˸ַЦҶǳЦŰַһۣԽԽ컬ˣƽɣ
ַָЦҶҶɫһ죬һ˴ַһȭ
ҶŵƷԸеַ㻷˫ŮЦ˵
˵ҶЦ
ôңҪͬߣַȤ
ȥģƷơ
ѾˣҶ
Ů໥Ƴţַ۾Цŵ⻹򵥣һ𲻾Ϳˣ
ȥģ
ַ㣬ɫħŮַĻߵòУʼַ㡣
Ǻݣҿɵúúñǣַ㱻ᱳʹҶᱧЦƷƣ㣬ȻԸһҲУ
쵰ŭһöţַҶŷȥò
ַ˵ҶֲͬòϣͬҲϣҶļͬѩףȴӵ޹ǣ˿ÿһλ͸ź͸߹ǻ˵ԣȼŻ棬ַС
СУŵŮԼǣַḧÿһ֮أ˵Ĵַ壬ǹһ˿һƣãҶҲǳϣȫС
ַҶԣһҹʱ⣬ȴôǷǣ޷ߣַһʱ̲ͣԺйţ˿̵ַҶֻһ龰ÿоԼ뷨ᱻԼߵòУ޵ϻġ
СУַȹ˼ɰӣã⼸ſһУŻһˣԼ˰˾ݿʱ⣬Ÿĸˣһ˹ÿһϯޱԲʳżһζԣ⼸ȴÿ٣ֻΪһžһֺֿãƾҲÿջһ̸ַʵַֻĽ̵ż̸̸ƺڵˣηչ
ҹʱַ֣ʱ̣ҶƷַÿһ죬ַҲ˱ˣÿһҹڰж䡢С
һãÿһ˶ϧΪǶַ֪㲻ֽȥһλֲ֪ǺʱˣѩҲŵӺַ˵仰ַĻСѾͷѹôСħŮˣַıϣʱ˷ȥŵֿĿַȡ
СŽԽԽַ㵱ȻҲˣĴӸүү뿪ı߳Ѿﵱļңַļ˵ˣȫ˽
һգַǰǬ򣬴ʱĽѾӺ۹ɷų׵ĴĨȥ

Ǭɽׯǹɽ֮أƬѾϨˣﵮ𣬲ڶǿǰˣһַˣαװ֮󷨣ɱǬһЩͷŵǿߣȻϢ¶ɱѩɽʱȫǿ󷨣ν飬ɱòҰףӴظǬ
һս֮ظˣԽԽǿѹȵ⼸޷ϢңŵΪűַ͵Ϯյϧһ·׷ɱַ㣬˵ȥңԶİ˻ģûнң󣬾ȻһЩǿ֮ˣؽңţܿ㷢չңŷչøǿгԽǰ֮ʱ˵ڰ˻ľңڣǸң֧Ԯ
鹬Ϊ请ɱ񹬣նɱˣҲòؽ񹬣ȴûңƴ
ڶ壬ڵ궼δǿʢֻǱѹֱǰصλͷﾹȻ뿪أʱڶŲֿʼԾķչԼΪǰػʱʱĶǽдѹҲһЩ
ֱգؾȻٿڴᣬǬڶһһЩķչңؽص㶨ϤĵطɽׯҲڴٿ֮أѾȥ꣬ڴ˵Ǭһת۵㣬ӰǬĸ֡
˿ɽׯɽ֮أͷһƬɺɽ֮أŻյĽۣΧɽУ嫵ĳأΧһ޴ս̨յĳƣ·ǿյڴᡣ
ս̨Χ޾ȺΪӪмӪۣءԼңš塢񹬡šۺħڣЩǬľƿǬǿʵ
ңһϱ۸ۣ㵽û޸ãɼʥһ˵жء
λԵˡȺս̨ΧǿӪﶼԽˣңľӡ鹬ȵȣڣһ请ҲԽ٣أ请Ϊ߷֮ףӺѩ뿪֮ʱͬģ߷嶼ûκ飬Ͼζ֪˭请һλأùҫߴ塣
ؾ˵Я请һ뿪أߴѩķϢȡǳǿʢ֪ΪͻȻѸͣƲɵ˿صλͷ˶ǿ
ش˴ҵǰǶѾˣؽǬȫʱңĮĿ˵ش˴ξȻǰǲ֪кıΣǶҪ֮ء
˵꣬ң˽һһΣأѰ·
ǰûʲôɣʱңߵһλߴ˵
ֻһλصѣΪ壬˴ңŽǬߵ˵ңڵǿߣ˻ڶ۸ӣңڰ˻ľԲû̫ƣҪţǬ򣬱ѡһݵ㣬һΣңǬ
ԵƬ̣żһ֮Ӹ˵Ŀȴ֮ˣ
ңλлһλؾ磬˵ǰ˻ľңڲˣңŲּܳǬ򣬲Ӧӵ


1447 ɱ¾ʼ
üͷңžȻλǿߣδ˿ЩǣλҪζԸˣ
ʼɣڴʱһ֮Ŀ΢عͷصȺ֮һӰȻַ㡣
ӶȺеַ΢΢ͷ漴Ŀɨ˵˴ټ˾ٰڴᣬ뿴ǬһʵΣڣҪԵĸ̤꣬ս̨
ߡңһһλʹһ񣬶ʱ˽Ųһֱ̤ս̨ΪأһѾǷǳǿˡ
ңĿֱ请巽ҪŪʲôֶγ
壬һӰ̤ս̨Ϣȣǿʢݣ͸Ż֮Ϣ·˻
Ϣȣ͸ǿʢ
漴񹬡š壬е½̤ս̨һЩ֮ˣ࣬ʵֵģؾٰڴᣬɽׯУĿΪΣһʢ磬˽˺޾Բ֮ȫӰ
صأңʵ
һӰڿգƮӰᣬ̤ս̨֮ϣȻַ㣬ýټǬ֮ٿڴᣬΪıһ򾡣ÿһȥܣ̫ˣһԽ෽㡣
壬ǶˣַɱڱڣȴסҪһʴǵģٲգʹ࣬Щٲ֮أ鱻ԭΣħʦҲĻһеһУգծûˡ
ľԼ鹬˿ַһɲǣǵͫ׶ǶȻһɱң鹬ǣΪַ㣬ţ
ɱ޼ɵĳַȥҪַȻԼ
㻹һңɱǿĺǰ˻ȥ׷ɱַ㣬ǰңܲңڣ漴ңǲ˼λɻĺǬ￪ʼչңţ˻֪ЩַŵңţѾˣֻһֱ͵£գҪǬ
ַ㵭ĮĿɨңһۣƽûаĲڶԼȺ棬ƺ˭Ӱܿ죬ĿӰѩ¹ɱ¾Ӱһˣ˶޵һǶˣ˶ģˣֱֻǶ岢̫۵꣬ȴԼļھ֮С
ǻϵ𣿡ַĿɨһۣĿһǵȻϵַ㣬һﵱѩ¶ħΪħͷ̫ˣǾˣ뿪ѩ£Ǭ˿ֲķ粨˵ڼǰȥ˰˻ľֻˡ
ôַĿ⺮ˡ
֪ν㻹ȿԼôɣԵֱַ㣬Ц֮ˣû󷨵ѵΪʲô粨
ȣɱҰɣַЦ˶һۣƽûаĲ죬ɱ˵ģ
ΪΪͨôǿʱܵʲôأľϻƵаţɱǿңַҪɱ츳ѩ֮ʱҲǿַģжϧ˲ʶʱ񣬾Ȼܾ˺ѩ±硣
ɱľ³һַ㣬ܿܵõıء
ɱ
ɱ
նˣ
ң鹬һһӰƺҪս̨֮ϵ꣬صꡣ
˭಻֪ʵΧȺ˽ôһôĶĹǿľ뢣ɱˣĴһɱ
ַ㣬صŵӣ»ˡȻʱַ̫꣬࣬޷
ԭַ㣬꾹ַ㣬ѹˡһЩ⣬˶ֵַ֪ģǬһɷ籩˲֪ǹƥǰȥңţңŵܲһѻˡ
ЩֻۺħԼûб̬ˣ֪ǻ᲻ҲҪַ㡣Ⱥţַ㣬ʵζҪǼһԸأһΣǺַսЩǿؼսȻֻΪĶѣֻһ˵ս
ң⼸ңڵİǸѡ񣡡ţһλǿ߶˵
֮⣬Ŀ⿴ս̨ϵַ㣬ն
ûгɶãڶվһַϿرɱԹϷһʣأʱ䷢չ̫ͣҪͷͻˣƴңźȥƴܾˣؼȻٿڴᣬȻҲ׼ģΪŵȻ֪ξ
㲻ûģۺħڵҲԼѡˣɱַ㣬һֱҪɱַ㣬ʵҲս
ַĿ⿴˾ŵԼۺħڵһۣ¶һƵЦ⣬ǵѡ治ʲôõѡ񣡡
ʱս̨֮ϣһϢŶ˵Ϣȫַ㣬ЩһЩţҲأ̫ˣҪ
ɣַתĿ⻷ս̨ϵˣǵĿ֮⣬һȺ϶ѣٶֺη
䣡
ɱ
һµϢʼţս̨ϵ˶ˣɱַ㣬һʱַ㣬·Ϊ˷籩ۼ֮ء
ַһ³ǿңȻ֮䣬ռ̣ЩַӰͻȻͣһɫǣĿȫ͸žĿ־֮⣬Ҫ档
ˣһӰ׹䣬漴˵ϣһӰȥ΢΢鴤£ǵַǰԵ̫׾ͱɱˣֻһֶѣ
̫ˣһɣǿһЩģַĿ⻷ˣŵ·ҪΪУգΪɱ
ڣɱ¾ʼ


1448 ˭ܲ
̫ˣ
ַĻֿЩս̨֮ϵȺֻо˵ַʵǿ
һ֮䣬ȫˣַʼվǣδ
壬ңƺǺ壡ЩǿߵȻףַ㶯˰ǣǰ壬Ҳһ֮ȫɣù졣
ңԵĿ⺮䣬ϾȻ֮ϧǬʱַ㻹δ𣬲֪˻ĵϢĻַ֣Ǳ㲻վˡ
Ŷû𣡡ַɨȺһۣ漴һǿϢŶķһֱӳǿߣҶغصǿߣﻹ˵ʲôһĽ棬Ǹսʱ̣ɱַ㡣
Լһλǿ߻Ϊɫצַಿλץȥַվδһ˺ѵ촫Ƕǿƽַ˺ѳһӣȴҲ޷ȥֺ
ţüͷһ壬漴ץΪƣݺݵĺַಿλֲĽ֮ޱȷͬư㣬һܽɽ嶼ñѣȻַϵʱûжҡַֺֻоԼɽ֮ϣɽȹ̡
ôܣ۾ַ㣬ַֻɫƽ֣漴建ľ˵һ֮䣬ֲĻ˶ʱҽУ壬ڻʧΪޡ
ˣô𣡡ַɨ˶һۣ漴̤ս̨ǿߣЩ˶ǿһء
վǿʲôһϰɣַƽϷʵ˵ЩѪʼԼ꣬໥һۣһɱַ㡣
һ̣ս̨֮ϣֲϢڣɱ¾£Ƭշ·ҪŤ
ᣡ֮˲ϢϣϢ嫣㹥ǿѪŭһ̣ᣬɱ񣬷ɱ˵ᣬͬһʱ̣ǵĽŲȫͣ漴ӿ׹ȥһ˵촫֮·ʲôµ㣬
ַ㣬Ȼδһ
ȫˣ͸ղŵһȺ˵ţôܣ˶ףַôģΪλôֲǿ߼ǬҲǸ߸ϵһǿߣֻ֮䣬·һ˲ȫַɱ
ʲô磡ңȾﶢַ㣬һһ֣֮͸ΪǣȻ˲ɱôߡ
ңŵĿ⿴ԵߣֻüͷĿַ㣺˵׼ɱ˵ֶΣһöԸ
öԸҲҪңɫɱַ⳯ȥҲĶַ㣬ô
ʵĻȺԼɣַĿƽɨңˣָǵң鹬ľӡۺħһȺ˵ֵ䣬ԼվҲ⣡
ַĻɫһÿļһңԼϣңǬôֶܳԸַ㡣
˭ȥնңűһ֮裬ɫѿɱַ㡣
䣡һӰ̤ս̨ٶͬӰ㣬졢쵽˼ĵزҷǳң
ɱһ֮նַվ֮أȻȴն˿Уûˡ
ҲңַվڲԶɨһۣɫѿ˼¡
ҪҪҽ㣡ַ㻰£嶸Ȼʧ漴֮УһֲĻӰޱȣȻң
ɫҰף壬Ȼ޷ַӰȫӰӡ
ԼɣַٶƮ漴˵峯ңȥѾһ߱ʬ壬ңʬӹɫѾѿ˼£ȴǳƽĲַ㣬Ѿôǿ
䡢䡢䣡һ嫵ϢȻţӸ֮УɱһӰЩȺǿΪ͵ĶأѾǳϼˣǾŵĳŰ񷣬ؼȫǿµĽ
һ̷·пֲľκˣַȥֲ˼¡
ַվǣЩ˹Դ΢΢̧Ŀɨһˣһ³
֮͡͡һν٣ᡣ
ǾǿŭХɳַֽɱ
£ַһ⣬֮ͫâݺݵһղңᣬ漴¿׹ȥ
ַ㿴˻վţٶ³һ֮һ֣ȴ·ǵ֮Щŵȫᡣ
һΣŵĳϣȫ¿׹ȥս̨֮ϣ΢Ĳ֮ȴ˵Ŀס˷ɣҲ޷뿪ַӰ
ܡ˼˳ôܣ̫ˣĳϼΪַһ֣ͱҪ
ЩһҲˣĿĶַ㣬ÿ£ַ˵ڼأ
ַʦֺǿؾţصڶĿ⿴ַ㣬оʣ̫ǿˣǰǶַЩССʵĻȴΨгݣǸû취ַȣһ³ͨǿҲҪ
ǷԼˣʱַϷŰĿڶŵľͷг鴤˿ûоַĻͻղַ˲ϢҪ˸ϼ֤Ѿսʵһصĺ󱲣Ѿǿ־ˣЩַȥйʲô
ң鹬ľӣȻǲҹԼˣַŲ̤Ŷķ̤һ̣˵ĿȫεַϣŶ̤ȥˣѵַ㣬Ѿӵ˻ɱĿʵزٿڴᣡ
һ͸ſϢַ֣ǳ衣
ɱԪϼַ嶼ս̨ϵַ
֪ַŲ糣Į˼£Щǿһ񷣬䲻ѹȶ£ɱַ㣬ַŲĳǰĵһĻǰЩеǿߣһͬһƣϽ䣬ڵϣһһַĽŲͬҪ֣һˣɱ¾˸о䣬̫ˣ


1449 
ַߵս̨Ե֮ʱЩɱĶǿȫڵһңȫˣˣɱ
ֹı֮ȺÿһյػǬѾǿκǿǰһĵز𣿵Ŀ򶫺֮ʱֻоͷ΢΢˲ʱĶɫѿǳѿζû뵽ַô£ղһĻо˻ַ㣬ʲô磿
궫ǲɱѩ£˭ָʹߣַվǰʱ츳˶ע⣬Իþ
Щ𣡡˵ҪôַҪôıˡ
ȷûˣǣҲܷŹκһܲеˣԡַһɱ⣬о䣬صʬ壬ѾʶǰѾǿʢܹвˡ
ַ㺰һ
ַ΢΢
ȥɱ⣬һַ㵭ĮĿ˵̺÷Բʮ˶ܹĸܵ
ŭɱ⣬һ
ңĿ⿴ңȴԷɫĮûᣬַ̽ʵΡ
ǣַ㹪漴Хڿգ׼ȥ
ɱȥ壬һɱ⣡ַٶȲһͷ漴ȥ˲ϢʧȺͷݺݵһһ¶ɫ
ɱľӶ˵ȻʱַĽŲ˳ȥ¡һ֮·ضڲĿ⿴ַ˫۾ֻ֮䣬־Ҫ˲ȫ亹һֿµ۾
һ̣¶˾ɫֱһʶǿĲǽַ㣬Ǭַ߳꣬ʵѾǿһĵز
ȺַֻƶȻĳϿգһµİԵӡº䣬·춼Ҫѹȥ
Хһʱ־ڱһ죬Ⱥĸźݺݵ£ĶӰӰһµ֮£Դñѣ屻շѹ̱ڵϣò
޷һĻַ㣬һƣǿƲпĨɱͬϷһ
𺳵ǶȺǿ̱ڵϵĲȱ壬ڲϵĲšԽԽô׾ٵıɱˣ
ⲻܣһǻþ˺ݺݵı۾ȻǲʵģǬľһƱˣ
˵ǣص඼ڳ鴤һεӣַ㣬Եһֱ˶ľ뢣Ǻεȵĺʵ
ַʦ֣δ̫ǿ˰ɣǵֶڷƺΪʵ԰Եʵ
ǿһ
ɱ˭ַŶľ¶һ˿Цݣöľӵͷ£ɫӲնַ㣿
ַŲһ嶸Ȼʧһ̣ƿɱɱѩµĶ֮˲ϣͫ
Ҫ֪Ϊ㣬𣬴Ǭɱ⣬һʣַ˫ͫ׶˵漴һƵ֮ʸϣİ
ˣַƶȻ˦˦֮УͬʱַҲڿնӿ޾Ľ⣬յŭһɱɱ
޾ŭХ򽣴ģ˻ͣղǧڣ򽣴Ķ
ַȻתĿ⳯¿ȥ򶫺ȺХֹɱ죬һ̶ĸܵ˵Ľ
ɱַһŭ漴ֻһĿĹٶȺм䣬һ̣ѣıǧŰأҽϣһӰ˺ѡɱˣһ
ɱ¾ַ̤֮ȺϿգַ㽵٣΢΢־壬Ŀ־壬ղһ˱ɱ¾
ôַ㶢ǰѩµ֮ˣĮ˵
ţ̧ͷַ㣺ܷŹ𣡡
㶼Ѿʸ̸ַЦŹЩٲܷŹɱˡŮˡѣţܷŹ֮
ɫ԰ףоܱټ壬ҪΪɱһССĹȶô
ûܹ뵽꣬Ѿǿʢһĵز
ң㻹𣡡ľĿ⿴ң
ңߵˣʵ޷ԷǷ֣˻ڿΪûпַʵжǿ
λٲֵĻȫҪľӳ鹬˺ȵ
úˣֲֶΪյΪɣַӿ޾֮һ̣彵ÿһ˵ϣĸǺָо
ڲΧʮȺڲڴᣬֻǸټѣǣַ㡣
ɣַŭһʱϮÿһ˵壬˵ֱӱһƬȺϵ£һĻȸղŶȺӵ𺳡
ַ£ľ֮⣬ˣȫһʣ
ֳ棬ȺѾ޷ͷ𺳣ַƻ֮ոЩ˵Ҫ͵塢ңŵȵɣ
ַվ֮ϣľӣӱľӵģ۾޷ƵĲš
ħľӻƵҪ⣬ַӵɨһۣƽ³һ֣
һƣɱľӶּǿߣַˣʵֻҪһͷѣһƶ˷ѣ
ַجοʼٵڣһһ鹬ַ㣬Ŀ͸űַЩ񹬵ĵӣַصһУǴ񹬵ģʱһССĲԵ߸˴׹С
ڤç֮ͽ񹬣ϧ鹬ʱţޣΪνѩȽڤǻ쵰һбĵ˵Ϊں޵ɾˣ


1450 ˷ȥ
ˣȺ鹬ڵϣѾľˣַһˣǬɾ塢񹬣λһľӺ鹬ֱ֮ɱ
һˣѴ֮˭뵽
ַŲ̤ңţɨһۼλߣλλءһλء
뿴ҵΪַ㿴żλߣЦǱǿɣ
أʱַΪĳЩǿߵǰأÿ£ңȾﾳ൱ȴɱ˶ǣζַսԽأﵽ֮
ţ֪ԼԵ˭𣿡ңЦĿַ㣬ַ㣬˿Եңڡ
ַû˵ң¶ɱɫѵ˿̻ڻܹת棬ѹַ㣿
ߵǰǰ˻ңڵǰǿߣϼΪңſ֣ȵƺҪΪңơ
ˣңڲңڵĳϼصĿ¾磬ѹңˡ
ַ֪ΣַҲҪ˲ɡ˿Ϊ𺳣˽ϣԽԽ˷
ңΧ˵ķӦ¶һĨõЦݣȻЦݺܿΪĻ³ַ֮ɸд޵ǳЦ񣬷·ڿһС㡣
Щ𣿡ַϷŰ˵ңһԵǿڵҪ֪ˣҲˣҲˣϷ㲻׷ˣڣ뿪ɣ
һ̩ȻĮĿ⿴Ͽյַ㣬ʵ˿ҲûоԵţֳַս̫ˣɱַ㣬㲻ңѹַˣֱӳɱˡ
Ҳô뿪׷Ұɣַ͸ϷŰ֮ɫ׷Ц
ַĻɫһ˼֣Ӧ֪ˣ츳ǿҲǵģ
ϣѹңЦʵҶѲǵɱ˶٣ַ֮ӶǿʢĮĻͷ΢΢һɱҲǵɱ˶٣
䣡ַŲһ磬ңŵȫУһƬռ·Σ˶
Ȼǲˣһɣᣡַ䣬ֲ֮һͷţصɫ˲仯ң¶ɫּ֮Ű
£Ҳǰ˻֮ˣңڵķϣʹ˰֣͸ſ־֮⣬ڲаֺ֮⡣
Һңû飡ַɫһ䣬ˣȵ
£һͫױÿն漴½£װᣬ
ңʴ͸žңڵѹסַ㣿Ҳס
ղŻŵ˿̷·˵Уַ㶼ɱܶࣿЩַڰ˻ģʲôɾͣ
һɱصŭһڿն𣬿硣
͡һĿĽͻأţ쵽ױȵĵز£ص彩ӲڿУ漴¡һ죬ֱըѣΪΣһֱ
أһ
صû˰Ѫɫȫңͫ͸žһһɱ
ɣһ˳˵ңͫ׶ַ㣬ƺһǿҵȻѾˣ֮⽫׵İᣬҲһ˵ϣҲˡ
ңźһһһһ
ʱַͬһκ˶Ҫɱ
ַĿתۺħں;ŵʱλղŻΪľۺħԼɫȴѾ԰˿ǲ֪Լǰѡжô޴֪ңмλΪƴɱȻʵϣظûʲôƣƾַ㣬ʼնַһˣɱ
żʱ䣡޷е𺳣һ֮ˣüʱǿǶĵز߸Ƕŵ⡣
ַϿյʱǶ΢΢ͷĵӵĸо꣬Ѿվӵĸ߶ȣ߸ϣһ֮䡢ܶ
ԷŹ𣡡ۺħڵûеֿ˼ֿѾǬľۺħڵصΪ߳Ǭ
Ǹղɱҵʱ𣡡ַƽ˵Źʱûʴ֡
¶һƾΪһССѡǣעҪ
ԼְɣַƵ˵Ŀƽվڸ߿յ·ûнǬλ뢷УʵϣּȷѾҪˡ
ۺħ¶һ˿ҵЦݣ漴ħ˫ſХħɱַ㣬ֻ㣬ħڷչף顣
ħ彥漴¡һը죬ֱըѵ
ŵħ³¶һ˿ҵЦܿɱ˭˴ѡأͬʣ򽣴͸Լ࣬͸壬漴ʬ建ĳ¿׹䣬һ
ˣǬȫسưԡ
ַĿƽĿŶԷܱԼѡĽ硣
ɨһۺħں;ŵĵӣЩͷ΢΢˲ַһ񣬶ǸеԵĿ־壬
Ȼ˿ַֻ建תȺ򣬵ĵ˼֮£λʦˣҪδǬ֮⣬ң֮ǰǣַ̨Ϊǻ׵ģ
˵ţַ΢΢֣λʦʦֵܣַǣ
£޽֣¡¡ĽХַ֮ƿնȥת˲䴫Ʋ֮УʧȺ֮УʱƽȴһǬ֮£һɨƽǬһ֮ȥֻ㽵Ŀ⣬ָ£ٻǬ򣬺ɨ޵Уɱ񣬸ξ壬һһ֮ɱξ壬һһɱֺξ壬ɱ١
ңǰ𣬱ַ̨֮ε
ңڣΪѾ˾ͷΪַ㣿ΪһԸַ㣿ңڣǻ֪ģҲ˵ַԼǱһ̨κҪҪһ£


1451 ذ˻
ѩ¹ϿƶˣХףַնУֹˮɷڡɨƽǬңͬʱʯʯ请һʥʯ˸Ȼˮ齻ڣһرַȴҲû̫֮ãظʺϡ
Ǭ֮£ǳһ˶ϣƽһ׮¡
ѩ¹ƺؽѩǿкƾ֣վڱ󣻼Уеܵˣ鸸ĸСԽʣһеһУȫǳõķչţֻһ㳹׵ˣǱ֤ΪʣٻλС硣
һΣַûǰݳǣǳʳǷȥһΣαһ֮ޣԶ£Ǳֱ뿪һι˴֮ʱ
յĻʳǣȥķһѧԺɻڣǣȴѾįֻһЩѧԺʦάš
һѧԺնĻţӶѩ·粨֮뿪û˻ҵ֧ţƽǳ粨֮УѧԺҲȻį
һѧԺ֮Уַܹܵƺڵĳȫ෴ϢżһЩַ·㶼ǷǳͨһЩӵܣΨܹһΪڵ꣬Ȼַľ磬۹Ҳͬľȫˡ
ͣƬַ̧̣ŲԶȥ
ߵλĿתַȥӰüͷ΢΢ţ֣ٶȻΪֻƬѾԶȥ
ַһβһУֵһʢ֮һҶҶһɣŵϸƢ˸оġ
ַ˳Сĳ̨ͤȥƽϲﵯ࣬ʦʱ⾳˳
ߵ̨ͤǰַ㻺ֻƽλãһλӰ޳ʮָٶ࣬ƮȻ⾳ͬһ㡣
ţƣӰ̧ͷַһЦ
ʦǰϲҶҶȴһ֮ʦ֪ʵϵ貢ҶʦÿһҶȫĵ
ַʰѩĻеͷҲϰʰѩϵ裬ȷҶ
Ȼʦϲĵӣʵȴ㣡ʰѩЦ
֪Ҵ˿ʲô𣿡ַĿЩŹ֣ʰѩʵ
ʰѩ˵ͷַһЦˣŮˣ
ҵȷЩɣַ㿴ǰƯˣڸղŵٵһַ̣ĽԷŮӣ޳ʮָ֣ƮƮټƯ۾Ǹˡ
£ʰѩת̨֮ͤȥַ㰲ĸʰѩʰѩ˵ѩ¹ͨ˻ľĴѵ
Ƭַ֮ʰѩǰһƬַ㿴ȴ͸һԻ֮Ϣ
ǻþַʵ
һ󷨣ʰѩЦЦ漴̧Ų˽ȥַ㷢֣ʰѩߵĲǳ·һصƺһʥƵ·㣬ǰ֣Ȼ
ַʰѩĽŲ˳ĲǰУǰϵÿ·дλʱַ㷢֣Լ·һСǰУСԾ꣬ǰһ̨ȻǴ͹
ʥƻ߼ﶼ̤ɣַû뵽ʼҾȻͽ󷨲
ʵϣ֮˶̤֮ˣֲлֱǰߵĻֻһƬ֣ͨʰѩЦַͷҲ޹󷨣֪֮Ҫ̫֮࣬ʥ󷨸Ƿû
ǻȥɣʰѩЦ£漴Ŵͼ̨ȥַһ̨֮ϣհ̨֮֮Уٴ߶̨ϵĿֲ·ʱֲʼӣַվУ·ֲܹչĻԼǿռԪǿ󵽾ȻΪʵ֮⡣
ԶĴͣĵİ֮Ҳǿֲİɣַ˵ʥ֮ڲ˸·
µʥƻ๦ܹЧ󷨣ҪĲ٣ӵзĻֱӵ֮Ҫģֱǿƿʥ󷨣ʰѩһַʥƵתݣڷͼ̨
ԽԽ֮ﵽһٽֵַʰѩӰȻʧ˼̨֮ϡ
һַ̳֣ʰѩֱӳ˰˻ľлʼң֮䣬˲֪پ롣
⴫ͼ̨ҪķѺܴĴ۰ɣַʰѩʵ
ʰѩЦŵȷķѺܴҪһЩĲϣңҪмóʥǿ߿̨̻·ʼҲ⴫Ϊ˷£ȴû뵽δʲôãƺЩֵҪؼҵĻҡ
ʰѩָЩֵȻַָãַʼ磬Цŵлˣ
⴫󷨣˶ݵʱ·;жҪķѲʱ⣡
㲻ҪгɼãʰѩĿɾȻóַƶиҰ㣬ؾ֮ʱҲѩ£ʱѾǰ˻ʼӵܣ
ˣʱ˸һӰַ̤΢΢һЦ
̫үַԵ΢Цŵͷʼ̫үַμӹ硣
ַ㣬ϴûкúһοҪȼ̫үЦ˵ƺԵøС
ãַͷӦôʼҵĹ󣬴˿ʼ̫үͣƬ̣ʵЩⲻȥֻôӦ
ߣ̫үַӦˬһЦһһׯ԰֮У̨ͤ
Ӣܣַ㣬ϴ֮ʱֻ츳ڶѣȴѾϷ򣬿ٹһ֮꣬£еˣ̫үЦ˵Ϊַ㵹ƣ˿ûмӣԵú͡
̫үˣַ̫֮үԶַЦʼ̫үϹＶģնǿߣ޵֮£һΣ˵ַѾϳȻҲһֿ׻ȻֿҲҪַǿĻϣһʼңֻܹ̫ү̸ȴȻ߱˺ͶԷƽƽʸʵ
ѩǿãҲ췲棡̫үЦַͷ΢ڰ˻֮ʱ췲սһ߰չȥ֪췲ˣ
̫ү㿴㣬췲ʵΣַ̽Եһ
ɲ⣬㲻֮ʱֻ˾ռҵ˾ԼңһλǿߣѾ뿪лģ֪ǰδսȥˣ
̫үɷ֪췲ַĿ˸һʼҵ̫үϰѳʼң֪ģͻȻ췲û


1452 ɱ
̫үַʻĿ΢΢һͣ⣬飬ַͷ΢ʼ̫ү֪ġ
Ϊأʼ̫үЦʵ
ַ㿴̫үЦݣԺѾ˴𰸡
ʥǡݣַ³֣ʵһֱЩδ֮£սΪѩͶӰѩ¹ΪγػĹԼħټħ۹ѩΪΡ̤֮г⣬ʱַԺơ
Ȼд𰸣ʡʼ̫ү˿ھƣǳЦ˵ǳַĲ²⡣
췲ʥݵˣսڶһŹȴû谭ѵⱳҲʲôɣ
ʥݵ˿̤Ұ˻ģ˻֮ȴҪȡͨʥݵԿףַһȴʼ̫үЦҡҡͷûô򵥣ʥֻһʱ䣬Żв̤˻ľ
̤ĺս̤ʥݵһַ꣡ɫ΢΢һ̫ͣүֻʵһֱΪɻΪλһĻʱ䣬ֱȡͨʥݵʸ񣬲һôһʱ䵱ȻǸ˽˽µģ
ǵġ̫ү΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ô˵ֻ췲һ˵˰˻ģַһ֮â̫үղ˵в˻ġ
ȻֹߵʱգѾвȵ˻ģ̫үЦ˵
ַΪȣ˽߰ʱѣ˿ʼôȻҲǷǳ˻ľĿ⡣
Ȼһʧǵ֮УˣǶڰ˻ĶԣʵֻǹͶѣ̫үЦ˵һַ׶Է˼վ߶ȣʼ̫ү˵йʥݵһУЩƺеɻ䣬ἰ
̫үȥʥ𣿡ַЦһ
ȥֻˣ̫үЦ£Цֵζ
ΪΣַɻʵ
ʹˣǵطôʺң̫үɢ˵ƺһԳЦ⣬ֱַΪɻ󣬲̫үҲ˵ʲôַȻҲȥ׷ʡ
ϣ軹аѩǶܹȥһЩŶ˷ġ̫ү·м⣬ԵԽԽ˸оУƽַ㿴һ˾롣
ܹģò˵ʼ̫үİٶϹΪ˴·ǳľڲ·ַ࣬£һǱ޵꣬Ȼֻкôлġ
үַֺһЩ⣬Ƶ˿ԵóƣַоԷ⣬࣬ȴַб֮С
оˣַҲ뿪̫үûж˵ֻʰѩͣЦŵˣԶ߶׽׽
̫үַǡ̫ү΢΢ַ֣漴ڿնȥʰѩԣʼⷽ˸ȥ
ʼҵĸۡȻɲƬַ̣˱ѾʼΧַعʰѩԼһЦ;ǧһλذɣ
ãֱأַͷʰѩ΢Ц¡
ʱһŭХ֮Ʈַ˶У·жһɿֲ֮ȻŶַֻоԼƱµ֮һ̣ɱͬһӺ鳱㣬Ҫַ˵嶼Ҫ˺ѳɷ飬ɱ̫ˣҪַ
ˣϿգһĿ֮ⶸȻŶǽ⣬һ֮ĽȫУ·гصĻȣʱƬռ·µɱ¾Уַˣȫ棬ֻҪ£ȫҪһɱˡ
һ̫ͻȻٶҲ̫죬ˣַͬɽ㣬̼͵緢ַϽ죬ħƹʰѩϣɱ֮ƾ
Сĺ棡ַȻɨʰѩһĿɱ¾â쵽˼ĵزһûɱʰѩֱӴģĿȷֻһˣ衣
棡ͬһʱ̣ʰѩҲַ㺰һȻʵҪʰѩַҲоˣͬһɿµɱˣľɱӹɣɱ֣ɱ֣˿£ϵ
һˣʵһɱ˵ģɱһֻɱһˣһѾ̫ǿвԵøӵĿ¡Ϊˡ
ַɫ˲΢Щ԰ףԺһ˲ͷԶһΪпռ䳤ۣ˲֮У費һһٶ̫ˣҳʱ̫£ַ㲻ǿ󣬵ǿһҪɱ֣Ĵɱɱ֣
ǰɱˣֳڵɱ֣
ˣȻַḷ̌ܶһﲻ˶ԷһֻܿԼһ޿֮УͻȻʧ˰㣬ʧɲǣһϣȻȴûдˡ
ַʧʱϵɱ֮Űͬʱֲ·Ťռִ֮С
͡һ˴ҵĿռ䣬޷԰Σͬһ˲䣬˵ĽҲܹϵĳ˹ȥѾȫڶܸղǵˡ
ˣһĿĽɫ⽵٣һʸ֮⣬貶Ŀɱ¾ʸ֧ʸֱͷǱ֮ϣֲýбƫԴǰˣɱɫδ䣬·ûκܹɱĽ΢΢һתҪٴɱ裬ʰѩɱ֮ҲѾ̳ɱ֮ͶԷľɱ֮һ𣬽Ž⡣
ƣʰѩŭһֲɱ֮ͷţԷĽ漴һ촫ɱֵ嶸Ȼ˳ȥһ֧ʸ
ɱ˿ַҲŭһֲɱ¾ħȭֱӽߵǵӰԴѵԷǴɱ֣һǳֵһһδַ֣˲ɱ
ͬʱҲɱһɱ֣û˲ɱŵɲǣƬնһƬĽԷĶɱԷȴ˿ûϲ֮⣬ȻռɱԷԷȴɱġ
ɱδɱ̫ˡ
ַĿԶһˣռʸ֮ˣɫĳ۽סŶԼɴڵסȻȻߡ


1453 ɱ
ܾûߵӰˣַ૵ڸղǧһʱ̣豻Ǵɱпܻ߾Ȼ֮һգ͸˶Է壬ɱ
ӦߣַжҲԽԽˣȻһֱػߣûб˷֣ԼƺҲһλ߰ɣѵҲͬһֱңֻԣ
ˣߵδҲ̫Щ
ߣЩɱҲһȻһֱغʼҵĴ֮⣬ǺεŵĴɱַȻԶХƿ֮Ȼʼ̫үԼһЩʼǿ߽٣ǱɱɱĿ䣬͸һɱ֮Ϣ
ò񣡡ʼ̫үŭһ裬ʼңʼ壬ſڵŴɱҪɱʼҽܳĺ֮ˣǺţֱܴ裬Щɹɱ裬ɱ
͸亹ԷʵûжǿΨǱɱһ̫Ѥ
ʱʼһλǿָ񷣬ֻ֮ϣ貵Ľɫ˸ţȻһޱȾ޴ɱ֣޴ɱ֮л͸ǿҵɱ֮Ϣӡ֮ϣһΧ˶̧ͷȻ߱ͬˣò񣬵ʼҴſڷųɱ֡
ʼ̫үӶʱֲɱ廯һĿɱ֮ɱ֮ϣɱѣʱɱ飬ɢڿգȴʼ֮жһɫѿԺʰѩҲʱֲֿϮɱ
̫үλɱˣûбĴ㣬б֮ʱһ˶ʼ̫ү˵̫үĿ͸źâû̬׽֮⣬λߵ֮ϢǿʢϢȣһͷһ֮ȡ
ȷʼɱѾעַҲףɱֳֵһɲǣǵʵѾע˵ģɣΨһĿģֻǴɱɹԼѾ޹ؽҪ
лˣ⣬Ҹл֮ʼ̫ү΢΢ͷ
ӦõģͳɳƣҳǰбǶʼ̫үף漴̤뿪ûжñʧַ㿴ıӰ¶һĨɻ֮⣬뿪
ַ֮еȻһλ
һڣ֮ʲôˣ˻ľһλʣĻ֪֮
̫ү֮ʲôˣַ̫үһ֪̫үǷ֪
Ҳ֪֮˭̫үַ֮ʱĿѾûֱ֮⣬ǴһƵЦ⣺֮ߣȴר߱ͬΪУഫ֮һֻʼֻ֮һˣ
ءַ̫үĻЦû֪֮˭ҲһֱһˣֻһС
ԣأ֮ǰ˻ľһλʣֻǰ˻ľڻ֮һĳһֻ֪һжпܡʼ̫үٶȿڣ֪ĵȻ֪ͨҪࡣ
˻ľһֱߵĴ˵ػʸΪʵˣһ֤Ҳд˵߱ͬΪĵˣƲ֪Ŀ²̫࣬ү˵ĻȻҪȰ˻˵Ҫ˵ġ
֮ԽԽ˷ģڴ˶ԣԶӴĴ𰸣ֻһֱŸֵĴԣʼ̫ү޷֪Ļɼس̶ȡ
ַ˵ͷٶʲôʼ̫үٶȹ֣̫үַǣ
ַ㣬߱ͬɱ¾ʼʼסЩʱհɡ̫ү˵ַҲ߱ͬ˵ɱ¾Ŀ꣬ղŶԷϮɱһϮɱַ㣬Ϊڳ֮жϳϮɱ׵֣Ͽյ˹Ϸַʰѩɱ裬ʵǣ˶߱ͬ˵Ŀ꣬Ƕ̤սС
ҪԵģûʲôҪܵġַЦ˵̫үλˣ
ַ˵գתȥ̫үַıӰɴǳЦַأ
ȷŵʸʱĽһ׷ɱκβֺϻ֮ʱ̫ˣٶȡǿʢȴַƣЩַͺɱܳսʱһϢʴ
ַ뿪ʼ֮˾޽ûгŰ˻ľȥһεĿ꣬лĴųǵһУǡ
ַǰһˣȥڣˣ콣ƿȥ֪ûлؽڣ
ƿ֮УХ޽ƿɰ֮Ϊ̶ٶ̫ˣƿ
ʱΧƲٶȿ£·׷ַΪΣһĻַüͷ΢΢£漴͸ź⣬׷ɱǴɱʱʵѾųǲ˲ߣ߱ͬƺһµ֯
׷ôַЦԦž޽ǰУʹٶȣ֮Ʋ㱻˦ת˲֮䱻ַ㳹׵׿
漴ƬƲ㻯Ӱĸ֮УĿĶʧľ޽Ȼˡ
˭ʱһֻоë嶸ȻҪԭأȴһ͵촫һĿֱ֮ƿһ˵ͷ­Ķǡ
һ˿һĻһ嶸Ȼ䳯ƿƿɳֻǱ⻪ϴ貶Ŀжְ
˭һɱֱȵɱ
ǲɱôɱ˭Ķ֪һĺ˵ĶĶȻһҪ룬ȴһ˫ֲħֿ磬˲סʺ֮С
ַ㣡ɫ԰ףͻȻֵӰȻ׷ٵַ㣬޽ƿնȥȴϢĳ
ǳɱ֮⣬治ôױɱַЦң߱ͬˣ֯
ַ㻰£ͫ׶ȻԷͫ׵УҪԷ־
䣡ַֻо۾һʹ·Էͫ׵־ܵǿҵĹڵӸӵıĶŶԷڶԷԺ֮˲µһ
ǲôҲֻͨɱֶѣɱиǿˣǻҪģַ㣬˿Цһ漴һ΢촫·ֱĨȥ
ԭˣЩʧܣ벻ܣһɱ¾һֱǵ֮УַĿеʬ˦˳ȥ޽ƿչַ̤Ͼ޽ǰУ


1454 Ĵɱ
ַ̤Ͼ޽֮ʱȴͻȻܵһɱȻתַкɱţͫױһɱַûᣬɢȥǳַɱ
𣡡ַһ³ɱ֮ţȻһصɱ¾Ȼƿһϸ΢㣬ֱӸַϡ
ַüͷһⱻɱ¾ֱʧ뵽֮С
ǺֶΣַ૵⻯Ϊʧ֮ѾûɱܲκεϢ
׷٣
ַ˲²ţҲһ׷ַ֮ûж룬һʱ޽ٶƿǰУХףֱǷ
ַ㽵ٽ֮ʱ΢΢ЩΣһ̣кһ֮ƮĶĤ֮У·ɱ¾ֺ֮ĪǳַоЩķ֮С
ھ޽֮ϣַĿƽƮһŶѾս׼ƺͬ²׷ˣ߱ͬ˵ˣƺ
һɱ֮ƮУԽԽ죬·綼ɱ¾ַ֮վ֮£ԡ̫֮⣬һɱ֮ܵ˴̹ǵĺ䣬·ɱ֮أͬİ䡣
֮Ҫغ𣡡ַаǰУ·ӹӭؼ죬Ҫ֮ͬ࣬
ƽĿ⳯·ȥֻȺɢڴ֮Уůɱ¾֮عƺֻһ˶ѡ
нɱ·ɱУԽԽǿңҪ־һɱ֮ڿʼŰֱײ·ɱ
ַϥƮɣ³һ֮ʱ֣֮֮ɱ¾֮һڣһ֮ɱ·Ҫһйƽ
֮ɲ̺ɱ¾Ĺ䣬ͬӵоԵ֮ԼĻ֮˻֮Ȼ֮£ӵã£Ȼʬ̥ˡ
˿ַʹõһ־ԣʹɱһл֮
أַ̨Ϻд׾⣬֮ɱХ޷ĶĤ֮У޷Űڡ
ؼ·𰲾ٶȱůͣȻڴʱַԦߵľ޽ȴ֮ͣУɱĿޣɰ֮عַ㣬ȿµɱַʼĻҪ¡
Ȼ߱ͬѾַ㣬׼ɱôȻҲַʵ˽ģЩǿʢµɱҪɱַ㣬ǳ˵Ρ
֮͡϶Ȼһ֮⣬ֲɱϯ£һâǰ貶Ŀַ̧ͷ֮ʱֻһ̫˫֮УԷ̫֮⣬ڵҰɱ֮磬ֻҪһʱҪ
ɱַһ³͵˳ӿһԵ֮ħͬʱХڿգַ˻ޱȵȫ貶ĿĽâ˲ϢƿգŶԷĽɱȥ쵽˼ĵز
ͣ͡󣬿µɱȻ併٣һΣַ·һɿֲ֮䣬·ҪϿɱֵϢȻ෴һհҫĿһ纮˪
һǰâƿգַ㣬һӰ趯һλŮ轣㣬˳֮޷԰Σǻ֮һ֮ȽҪ죬ַɱ
εɱַ֣ɱǿ̫ˣÿһľɱַֻ֣оÿһط·𶼱κһϸ΢ĶӰԷĽǶȱá
ģַ³һʱճһ֮·ɱַ㣬ȴԼ·Զ޷ַ塣
ˣһӰȴ߳óûɱ֣һλŮӣüдȻǳЦǣַ·ҪֻþһŮ轣Լ
ȻʱַڵͫȴһЦּĻ֮ȷԶˡ
ɱַħжȻһħ⣬Ůɫһ˫޵Ȼû˸ղŵɣ֮ϴͫйᴩ룬ַĽնɱʱѪţŮֱӱնͷ­
ˣһµɱ¾֮ٶȳ֣Ů󣬾һλͬİŮӷ·ɱַ㣬˿˽ߣֲĽâַʺܶ
ùֶΣַȷԼѾն˸ղˣȻ˺ƸڸղŮӵϣɱ
𣡡ŭ֮أһֲĿħӰַ֣ϻ۶ɡ
һַ֮־֮ҽռ䳤۵֮УΧ˵һᱻЩɱʬ
䣡΢ַƳɱ¾âȥֻƷ·ƣǿħ֣ȶԷҪܽɱֱѹֲĽǿħƵУȴûܹ֮ݻٵ
ˡˡˣյУλɱ֣ĸͬķλֱӴַ㣬һַԵøСܵУȫɱ֣Ƕַ㷢δɱ·ܹƶϳ߱ͬ˵ʵжô¡
ݻһеɱȫַɱ޽⣬־֮£޷ռ䳤ߣֶβ˲ƣֱӽǿʢĿռ֮ʹڶݵԺԵһ˲Ųλã˿̰ɱ¾һεɱ¾籩ն֣޷Ųߡ


1455 ɶԾ
λɱ֣֣޾ɱ۳ɿµɱ֮Ҫַ˺ѷ飬ֲĴɱǿʢַа·
նݡַе˽ճ۵޿ռ֮У·ƾʧ
λɱֿһĻɫδùĻƳһžɱֻ֮Ҫַ֣˲˺ѣϮɱ
ַ֮ʱϿֲʥļĻֶ£Ҫ֮ʱַ³һĮ֮ģ
һַ̣Ƴ޿ռаݽȥȫֲ˺ѽ֮Ļ٣նҪ˺ѻȴû˼ַַֺɻǣ·˲ͬһƬռУƽյõ˼£ͬްһܽ޿ռ档
λɱֵɫ΢΢˱䣬ղַǽʥһΣͨǼްġ
ַ㵱Ȼӵмް壬ֻʥհ֮ںϣ߶ǿ̬µģʹԼĵ޿ռ䵱УԷ߱ѾȴͬİңԶͬһղϡ
һ˲Ķ޽Ĺûнַնɱֲշ籩Ȼ۶ɣַŤĿռһĿ֮Ȼţǰҫۣȴ֮⡣
һӰֱӱȻַϿյǵӰַһնַ㱾񷣬ͻΧվ֮ϣ¿յһɱӰĿ䵽˼¡
¿յλɱɫ䣬̧ͷյӰ͸źâɱһȻˡ
ˣ˵ͬʱź󷢳ˣ漴ǵӰҪһ𣬳׵ʧ
ùֶΣַɫһֶƺ߱ͬ˹ͬӵеֶΣ䣬ֲȫϢʧû˰㣬˵˿ռ档
䣬ɱʱַĶдһӰַĿ΢΢һ漴Ծһˣ۽֣ŶңݣУӵһŶĿĹ
ãַ΢΢ͷߣǸղλʵ̫ˣװȫһɳƣΨһַ֪һλߵǣǵ߲ͬλƺҪ԰һЩ
ŹʸƿնȥյһλɱڼʸƿյɲǼ䣬ַҲӰ˶·á
ͣ͡޵Ŀռ䵱УһĿ֮ʸȻȴһ貵ĽĽͬʱŶһĽâ˲ʮ֮࣬һУǳֵӰɫҰף漴һ
ӹߵӰַߣһʸƿգǰһŹȥ
ַһԭһʸȥ쵽˼ĵزݺᣬնҪնЩɱɱֲǱ¶ַƴɱһģԼʸַָ㣬ַնɱ֮Ѫзɽһ
ӣɴ֮з·ŵɫ֮â͸һרΪ߱ͬɱֶǵ˫ǰ߱ͬ˵ɱҪնΡ
һΣߵĹϳʸͬʱλƿնȥ쵽˼顣
ַθҪ̤ڴʱֲɱ֮ᴩĤһ嵱Уֲֿɱ֮ٴν٣Ҳһܵɱ֮ʴеĹ΢΢£漴еĹķǰ
ɱˣɳƵ漴ǹͷһӰ֣Ӱ³ۣ˫ַɱ֮Ǵдġ
ƮݵӰַа֮˷·˷ھǧ֮ʱͣ£ɷﴵ࣬ˣ³
ַѾüλɱǺͨɱֲһǿӵǿʵԼ츳İ䣬ƺɱ֮һǿ츳ӹɡ
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λɱٶûм䣬ɱԣĿĶַԼߣûɱַ㣬ǵɱˡ
ַ㣡ɱɱһַ֮УַĿƽڱ֮ͫУһȪĴİĵ䣬ȪˮĻ֮⣬һεĲᴩŶԷ壬Էڡ
ͬͨԷΪɱַǾƬ֮Уεڹײ
ǵɱȻ޷ַľħᲢַֻۣԾħԼʵȽСң裬ûжԷǿ˷бѹƵǱѹƣȥ·ԽԽǿԵħҲ̺ħ֮ħſһУս£˺棬ɱ;ħͬʱպ֮ʱ·εĿֲƬնַ֣ԷмƬռ䣬·һɺ˵ɲǴ˿߽ȥܻᱻɱ
ɱӰˣַ̤̤ɲǣ·ƬصɱҲڹǰһ𶯡
֮ƵãƿֲַһͫױֱӶԷ˫ħӰͬʱ֣ŭϣĽŲͬǰ̤˳ȥЮ֮ƬɿռͬǰѹȶȥԽĿֲ·Ҫըѿ㡣
ɱɱŭХһȻ佫һǰʱƬջշѹַ㣬ǻɷ籩·Ҫըѵ
˿ַߺһɱ֪ǵڼɱΪ£֮ҶشƵƿؿƺˣǻʵʵıĻжʮĿ¹ˣһЮƬƳԼ̤һ̤Ǻεȵţ·ַ㣬
ǿһǿܹնɱ֮ͨˣѹһ·ܹоһɱɲϹᴩԼ嵱У֮ǰû¶棬ֱǰλɱִɱʧܣԳɱַ㡣
߱ͬ˳ȿֲˡ
ֲĿħַϣַƶħŭХֹ˿̵ַ㣬һħ̤
Ҫˣߺ߱ͬ˵ɱֶ˱ܿƬռҪըѵˣ·Ѿһٽ㡣
һ޵Хط·һ̻ΪƬըˣµɱɺ;͸ַԼɱ¡һ죬ַħӰ飬ŭХĿħ𣬶ַ屻ǧɱɹᴩ룬ƺһһѪ˿ֱ֮УɱɻĽɱ
ɱϴ˿ӿһħ⣬жħ⣬Ǿħ֮ɹڶĲ


1456 ֮
ɱеħâԽԽʢ·˶ҪΪħ㣬ַĿⶢĵң
һΣַħ֮ûãֻԷ㻯ħâ͸һĨĮ֮⣬˫ſŭһȥ
䣡ħƹᴩأĴзйһħĺˣֲħ֮ħˣȻסͷų
Ŀ⿴ַ֮ʱȫָ糣͸Į֮Ц
ַѪǧڹڣȴҲ󣬴ַѪ֮д
֮ɱЦݽסüͷ΢΢ţַѪɰѪɺڵɣ
ħ֮ų⣬ַ㣬ȴħ֮ɣ
ˣɱ嶯Ӱ֣ٶȿ쵽ţһâնţ֮ϣһɱݣ͸޾ɱշѹ£ɱַ㣬졢ױȵĿ졣
Ľնɲǣַͬӽɲǻߣ쵽˼ĵز콣콣ײɱݻɱݣշѹһУ¡¡Ĺӿɳַɱȥ
ͬʱɱĵڶѾն˳һնɱݣ·УԽַԽǿʢѹһС
콣쵽ϢĽ
ˣһ֮âƿݶնַĽҲ죬쵽˼ĵزֻһ⻪ݺᣬ˵ӰòϣâƬնסһɱݷ·л۳ɿֲɱ¾֮ݣÿһΪһݣ۳ţսϿշ
ַӹսĹռ̤֮󣬻ǵһǿĶ֣ɱ塢ٶȰ塢壬ǿͨĳٶȣַĲͽȻ޷ռϷ磬ңԷĽ̺һͨԽ֮ɱ֮ݡ
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ɱ
ɱĿײһ漴ԥĿһʱƬضһһ֮
ַƺһһ٣ԷҲˣĿ΢գȻеĽȴֻɱݣַָȥȵɱ
֮ݷ·Ʈһֲ֮һһȫַŭХ˿ڸղɱӳÿһ
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ַ࣡㽣ٴλӶһΣ֮شȫ˽ȥն÷ŭХɢԽɱԽǿ
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ǿַ㿴Է֮ţһĿ֮⣬ӽ֮ʱϵĺƵħҲٶ۳˿ħħ֮ӰħҪ̤Ƭء
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𡢺𡢺𣡡һŭضħħȻַ̤˳һʵħӰħվַļͷ΢΢ȴ͸޾Ŀ֮
ţַһʱƷʥ󸫳֣ħħ֮Уͬʱ֮гһþ޸ԯꡣ
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ܹûΪʵӰˣַ͸źâħħڰ˲һļ̤صħħԼûֲħԼħܹ۳һħͷ
ַϵħ֮ϢȫʧˣħںϣûǵħͷʱϣΨ޾Ľ⣬޷졣
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𣡡ħħһѹأ޸ɱ˹ȥɱջһҪӲ
ַҲͬһɱڶݵ˲䣬Ѳ֪ɱ˶ٽ֮֮նһɱȥû㣬ޱȣ޼᲻ݣ޷죬ɱĽ֮
ڿգ۶ɵİɲལâʹնµǵĿ֮һһ̣ǵ¿˶̧ͷױȵâ֯Ľâ
СģһȻַ󴫳һɿֲΣнַַݺݵĳ鴤£ɫӲѿȻƴɱ˲ҵʱ˶
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ģַһչĻȻչĻ˲ѣԷƿɱ¾֮Ѿ
ֻ֮Ҫ֮֮ʧԷƬ̵ʱ䣬ǵʱ
ַĲ෽򣬴˿Ȼ䳯ַıļʸֻҪɱɱַ㣬ҲҪʸ͸Դ
ˣƿգַѾŲ뿪һɴַ֮УֲĽ̺ǿҵɱ壬ַŰ
󣬻Ĺַ֮дһֲŭ֮·Х
ɱˣдЦŻתַ㣬˿ɱԡѪɫ԰ףĿ⳯߿Ǵַһɱ֣ĵɱƺҽӵİɣ
ɲ㣡ǵɱЦ£ղźַս֮ˣǵɱ
Сģֳ˺ܶɱ֣߿ַ㣬Ŀ͸һ֮⣬ʮˣΪɱ֡
ַ㿴ӿɫ΢Щ԰ףϵͷţָƣȴô䣬ӿɱеλӦǵɱ͵ɱˣһɱָݣ濴ַ㡣
ղһ࣬ǧһ֮ʱƫһ˿ɱŰĸܾԲùѪҡ


1457 ŭ
ַڵ֮еĹжˣ
ֻܸܵһĲ߱ͬ˵ɱȷʵܿ£Ҳӹ۾ֻûж޷ȷɱж٣ǰеļδɱԭֻССֶѣΣϵĴɱ˿ֲݡ
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λɱ֣ټһ߻мˣҲַܻ֡߱㣬ɳƣղַ֮ʱһУƺܵǵΪƺеŮ
ûйϵɣɳƵɣеɱƺɱʱ̡
ûд󰭣һԽʸеɱ𣡡ַɴʵ
ԷƳĬ£漴ͷظԣ
ã׼ַ֣˫֮УŭХ۳Ŀ֮һƿµĽâ²ݣϵâＸʮɣһȥ˭ܵ
¿գԽԽĴսľĶ֮УЩ̫ǿˣҶǿߣƿ£߱ͬ˺ַȻ˳û뵽ڽЩַ㾹ȻѾ̶ֳȣĽȷѾԽལһˣ½޼ˡ
һߵսȫַħûħħֳŴ󸫣ǧľ޴һͷܹ׽ɽϣϵĺǵɱɱղѾˣħӲħ̫ˣˣٶǣƿħõɱȥϮɱַ㣬ȻжԵɱĳЩ˵ģԼȷƺ޷񣬶ǶԣһУУɱַΪռĿġ
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͡͡һѪЩӰҲȻĸ֣ȻȫַĽâնУֱ屻նñѶ˱նֱۡһ˱նһȡһ˱˰ӣΨһֻˣǳңǿɲɱɱɱĶԿɰַܸ㣬ַ֮Ľ޷ģοЩɱ֣Ļ䡢ɱԼʱƿأЩɱֶԣɱĵһ¡
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߾ŵӰͬʱǵɱ˦˼ʸͬʱһֲɽ㳯ŶԷѹȶȥǼʸȴɱƾֲٶȱܿɽҲֱ߲Զ֮ʱĿ֮âȻ£·ػһۼҪնΡ
ÿĽַڿֵɲѾԭʧˣ˲Ϣߵǰ漴һ⽫ԷĽɢ
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ˣַ˦һ࣬¡һľǿ໯һ嫵ĹЩɱ˳ȥЩ˵Ĺûеɱô죬ղŵɱ̳һʱ˲뿪ʱ䶼ûУ˵˦ˡ
޴ʹبյУַ㿪ڣߵ㵽ȥƬ̣
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ȵʧַ֮㽫ʹ±Ϊģֽӵɱ֮ʱһɱƬеĹƷ·۳޾ܣͬʱУһȨȣȻȨȡ
Щɱ֣׼ŭˣ
ĿתַǼλͨɱ֣ڰͫ׵͸ſµ֮
֮ᴩλɱֵ壬Щɱ˲ңһУȴѾ׷ǡ
ַŭһʱֲϮǣͬʱַһն˳ȥļ˲䱻նϣȫһʣ
ַعͷ֮ʱɱӰѾʧһζյУûбַħʴɺ׶ܵõַ޷
ڣַһʱһ貶Ŀĺ嫹֮Уͷǧ˿֮âնҪ
ҹַȵڻǧ˿ƣ޾͸ÿһƬյУκһǶȶ޷貶Ŀܿ죬һط֮·ʲô谭㣬ַһ֮âŲȻ̤˳ȥͬ㣬̤һɲǣѾն˳ȥֱӳλɱ
ͣ͡ԷĽҲˣ֪޷ˣ̳ͬһɲǻײ
ղַʧȨֱ˳ȥһ䣡
䣡ȨȺ˶ԷĽϣ˲ϮԷ壬ԷҪӱ˿ȴضȻһƬ˫ħ֮ͷţַĽͬһʱնɱ쵽˼飬ɱʵɱȻ˲٣Щַ࣬оշѹûа취ɹɱַ㣬ľͽ
һҽд֮Ľѵˣ֮ʴԷ˶Էֱۣ˶Էļͷʴ룬ַһ̤Էĺֱӿס
ħʧַ㽫ԡѪĵɱǣ͸ǿޱȵɱ⡣
߱ͬˣڴһɱ͵ڶɱһңַЦ޷죬ݺأһŭȣɱ
£޷ĽڶԷŰɱˣޣǧʬ


1458 ٽڣ
ɱĿһûʱ˿̵վԶңַǻתӰϵԵЩӲ
ɱˣ˾λɱ֣ȫ͵˴εĴɱʧˣôɱֻΪɱһˣȻʧˡ
ַ˫͸Ŵ͸յĺâҪ񷡣
ˣɱˣû֮УȻʧַ֮УΨƮַûȥ׷ɱɱ͵ɱͬҪǿܶ࣬ٶҲ£ܻܶԷҪɱס
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𣡡ħŭХһλһ֮Ӱħַ֮У»Ϊޣַڣַڣ̺һħͷ㡣
΢ַ㽫ȡߣܿߴ̤˳ɨһΧ漴ַ΢΢ͷƮȻȥ
ȵȣַ㺰һĿͣС
ԿʵĿ𣡡ַ㿪һȴ΢΢ҡͷɳƵٶȴǣ
˵գ彥û֮УֱʧӰ·ûгֹ㣬߱ͬ˵ɱһߵ֮ǿǻӵз߱ͬɱ
߱߱ͬ˶רǵһɣַ㿴Ӱʧš
ջĿ⣬ַŲֱ̤ڵķλȥ
ַ㻹δ󣬱нǿӭսϢѾ뽣˽ĹԴǿӭַ㰲ȻҲиǾĳɳֲ̫ˣ̶̼֮䣬Ѿվ۷ˣȥʮʱ⣬֮£ַ㽫ܳۡ
̤뽣ֱַ֮ǰĽڣȥҲδʲôɻ콣ƿչҲһ𶯣ѾƽϢ콣ڽڣܿƽֻػڽڣܱߵش
ַ̤뽣ڣ֮Уɻڣɨ㣬ɨŽڣеĻҳûаϢżһԴ̬ӡ
ˡˡһɹ֮ȻХֹڣ֮ϵ콣Ȼ䷢֮쳹ڣ
Զǿ콣Хжâңڣ콣ڷХ֮
ˣ콣Ʊڶַת
ַ΢΢һЦ֣콣Ͽͣ£漴֮УڲϵĲţԵЩϲ
Сһƺм׽֮⣡ɨǣЦַ㣺ϢȣѪʢΪأսˣ
ɱ֮ͨˣⲻ󡣡ַ΢Ц˵ɱͨأӦնɱ
ţȾ磬̫ˣܵһ֤츳Ȼ˵ⲻ󣬿ɼսӹɣҿĽˣЦַһٻʱâ貣ֶĿ֮â²ݣ֮ռХȵȡ
ֻĻ⽣ܶԻɱ߽ǿˡ˵˵ַ㽫𣬲ûо̾ĿĶѾʶ˵Ĳˡ
ǰǰ̤һս֮Уƺ콣֮콣⡣
ַĿ͸һĨ֮Ŀ⣬ǰˡ
ĺĹս˻ľĽ֮ܳˣЩµǿߣһ̤Ƭսǧǰ콣ʵȻҲ̤Уûʲôֵġ
ЦЦַףǧǰԶѾڻ֮ԼֹϵĹˣ̤ĺĹսȡҪôԼ֤Ҫôס
ûõ񣡡ڣ˶ַʵ
šַͷ漴ȡһö񣬶ʱɫĹâϿȥ֮ط
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㵽ܹصʱ֤֮ʱɽֱӴԺ֮У֮ط֮ɾԼķĻ֤ĻᡣЦ˵ַ΢֤ᣬÿֲɴ˿ɼжô󣬾һֻ̤ʵ츳ûһϣϡ
ȻԲȫƾ츳ط֮壬ãȫԼطԷƿػӦ֣ӳȻҲһЩ˽ɨڵϣ
ԭˣ츳õˣԼҪռƵģַ˵ĻȻƾ֮ͱȽ֮ƿǿҪʤһǳɻһ죬ͺѣ˶֪ƾԼȥ̤룬ɴɼ֮
߱ͬ˰ɣ˼ַҲϯضЦЦɨڣȴ·ʲô¶֪㡣
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ǵҲᳬǵһʱܻΣţһܹƿ߳ȥģŶԣѣϣԻΪһִҲô߹ģˣܳɳø죬ǧǰһħ֮ˣԺɨһе̬߳ϣҲǾڳΪ˻ľһλʣ߳ȥŻ֪ж㡣
Ŀ¶һ˿ѵõЦ⣬ŵĻ䣬Ļɼַй̵ѪֹҪˡħʣǶɹ̤˳ȥ
߳ȥ֪ж㣡ַзâתУһǳ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ÿһ뵽̲סͷ


1459 γɻ
ַһЩʱ̣䡢۽˽ַ㲻ٶַʼ˵ƣԷЦҡͷ̸ܶ
ַ㵱Ȼȥ׷ʲôȵ֮ʱ˸ǡ
Ҫ콣ô۾гһ϶Цַʵ콣ַͷϿգӵԣ·Ҫ׷ַȥ
ַһ֣콣֮Уȴַ΢ЦŸŽСһ׷ҶգҲٴΣԺ㻹ǰߣǰµ
ˣХ漴ַзɳ˵ϡ
治ҪٶЦַ㣺콣ͨҪǿֻҪһͷɱ
ַȻף콣ӵǣһֻҪͽͨãַĿȻ峺ЦҡͷǰҲ˵ҪԼ·콣ҵĽǰңǣ
ַ˵ն΢΢Ƿʾ˵𾴣漴Ų̤ڣƿնȥ
ַ뿪¶һĨ֮⣬ַʱʵΪַýģҲ޿ɺǣϾ콣ַôԶ׼ģַûУֻͷѣ˶ַֻͣǳ꣬һܹ߳ȥġ
ַ뿪֮콣ХֹƬڣŶĿ֮⣬ȺĿ콣Ȼ򽣶

̨Ͽգ׹ŭХ̧ͷ㿴ַ飬ֱھϡ
ƺ˶Ĺ̤֮ٻӰӰƮȻַһֽһŮסǵԴԼϣ¶һĨǳǳЦ⣬䲢δ뿪̫ãЩ˼
ﶼ𣡡ԴӰЦַ㣬ʵ
áһжܺãЩ㻯֮ҲѾȫնɱΪȥǸǬ򼸴ƽѩ¹ƺڱؽˣݳǻһаȻеһжã
ַЦ˵һаȻҲİַĻҲ¶һĨõЦ⡣
ַ㣬ʲôʱһȥԹӿַ㣬ַһЦΪʣžۡ
ַʵЩĺҶģ֪ȫһᷢʲô
һʱյҲƽַ֮вԼԿشַ֮㾭˶֮Ÿ壬ӵأԼشƵӵĿ죬һַ֮㲻κֱܹͨӾ֮ʱܵʮĻӰ׺
˶ս֮⣬ַڹ֮еĴ·ĸţ
º󣬻֮УλַսΧ֮۳ɿֲ籩ϵĻţƬղ·ھ춼Ҫ̮Ӱַܹ۰ٱ֮ƣƾַ֮Ȼ޷ܹսʤԷȴ֮ͨӰ⣬ϴ侳ܶԷ˵֮ƣܹۼشҲԽԽͣÿս֮ҪõͨһЩάƽ⡣
ʱַһֵսڵĴϢţӻֻ߳һӰ΢Цš
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ʱ䣬̫ˣҲŰٱ֮ƶѣַ㲢㣬־֮ȷʵҪѭ򽥽ض򣬷ҪԽѡ
ʦ֣Ҫܾ֮۶ǿ֮ƣַľʵ
ػҲǧ֮ƣӦԹܾǧ֮Ƶ㣬оΣľЦ˵ַľĻʱ¶һĨЦҡͷǧ֮ƣ̫ǿˣ·һ֮ӦеҲ޷⣡
ɻʣѣַţǧ֮ƣзѹһ֮½֮˵ңҪʱĥǳϦ֮¡
Ȼ˻ôôٵأҶʱѳģһһٻλ㲻ҪѾءӵмսǣǿܾʻޱȾ޴ĺ蹵ް壬ֻǿӽˣܾ۶ٱ֮أҲ㣬ֻǽȫ˼ްüսȥˣ֮ǲŻ֮ľЦ˵ַЩԾ
һֱΪ޵ӵмްѾӽˣľһ仰ѣָģпм仹һµĺ蹵һƿؼ޿ռǿߣܹ˷𣬼ѾԳ޵֮ˣǣмʮĴ֮أʣԶ
Ҫɻʣ̸ף
ľʦֺų޵ߣӦмް֪شһַţǧ֮ƣһôĸо
㵽һ֪ˣʦ˵ǧ֮ʱĴᷢһʵı仯ڣش֮Ǹо㻰ڽ֮ǵȵǧ֮ƣʱ䣬㲻شĻѾеһˣǣֺͽţָǾָֽͬһֻſԽ취ؼԼ壬ʹ֮Ϊķ
仰˵ûоۼǧ֮ƵĻоѾ˷ȴ޷ᴩ壬ûа취սʱһ֮͵ع棡ľĵĶַ͵ǳɻʵҪǰַģַѾ־磬γɻʣ֪ˡ
ַȻû⣬Ȼܹףһ֮У壬κεҪ֮Ҫ÷ҪĻҪǧ֮ƣΧؾͺԼֽһָӡ
ߣַ㣬ȥ죬ʦں㼸λʦڿΣһȥľַĿ峺֪ԷԷĻַͷƿգСС
ʺλʦϴӶ٩٩̸м̸֮⾳
ַ㣬ˣʿַľ΢Ц£״ʱʦһ򶼺ͣûϼƣֻͬһ
ʦ𣡡ַʺʦ΢ЦŵͷľȺһϯضѲ
ôŬĴţʦֻ̲ס㺰ˣЦ˵ַΪ˼ʦԭһֱעûдʱ


1460 ǿ
ʦڿΣұȱʦΪҺáַЦ˵
ţҸղΪλʦֵܽ³ɻ֮ĴʦҲѾ߹㣬в֮ʶַʵ
ʦ룬ڰ壬Ҫǿ٣ľƿǧ֮ƣʱ䣬ʹسϣô򣬾Ӧǰʱ䣬֮жǿأ
Ϊ⣿Щɻ
ʾǧ֮ƣЯ֮ߣǿ̫ˣ֮Ĳ࣬·һԽ֮蹵Ϊأɱص˶ܹǿһЩܹصΪɱ۷壬Կ޵ǿɸоǰܴСַ㻺˵ţƽûаҫ֮⣬ֻڲһʡ
ʦţܹδɻʶնʣʣһ𣬺蹵֮󣬼ܶЩܣն
ַ֮΢΢£ַĿŲɫһʲô
λʦֵַĻǰһһϯҲͬоĲ̫࣬ˣδɻʶնʣ붼ͷѹħʱ˳ǧħʣ˳ҡ
֮¶һĨЦݣԵľһۣǰɣ
ľ΢Цŵͷһˣ˵ǵУ˵ܹЧħʣδɻʶնߣҲֻһܹǱ㣬ַ㣡
ңַͷ΢·𱻴˰㣬лδɻʶն𣿵Ȼʦֻ˵лᣬѶȿºܺˣ
һĨʧ֮ɫ漴ַ㣬漴ЦˣУһλʦֵܹл־֮٣ѾǺܿˡ
ԣ㣬Ҳ˵˲ǿֻǣǿ뿴ʱ֮ߣľʵ
Ȼ㣬ǧ֮ƣʹ֮ںϣбǷ򣡡֪˳ɻ֮ƺȴ·𲻿Խ
Ҫսʣûǧ֮ƵǲܣԱҪҲͬǧ֮ƣʹڣôǶԿҪ԰֮Կ򣬸ܣް嶼ԶذɣǣּްǷˣĻּްأأְּްأĻЩްںֻΣ
ľ˵ţʱ˵ȻްںϣֲأְأǻεȵĿ£巨򹥻
һ˶Ϊľʦ˵ûʲôᣬַֻֿܣΪַڰ˻֮Լս֮˳Ϊʮ֮壬ʮ壬ս֮ʱóںϰսѾڳⷽ淢չְ˼µʱںǸкεȵĺˣټ϶ƿǧ֮ƣⷽ治ʣʱɥʧƣնʣӲܻΪܡ
ַ㣬ƣ˵δɻնʣɻ֮ҲлɾͶַ򣬿ɲҪ˷ˣգҲΪʦֵǿ֮ˣа˵ַǿԣĽ
ȻҪȥ׷նܹ֮лȳɾһַ֮ٻλʱһ֮ȵϣɾͶַնʱЩˡȰһ϶ԣնʵģҲֻ˵ַֿԣ˭֪һλأ
סַ˵ͷ
ʦǸ֮ƣǽ£Ĺ̵
ġ⣬ֻҪļᣬ˳ߵ·ԼΪʱҪȥ򣬺αһҪȺ֮򡣡
ǺľдһǸһشƵԼ°һڵ
ãøһʦֵĴ֮Լް壡սһЦҪһ
Ǻãԡľдһ˿Цݡ
սľʱܿ޷Цˣľֱ԰ٱ֮ѹ٣Ӳ·Ҫ֮У֮Ƶѹ·ȴƽҪΪá
ַվսԶܹٱ֮ƵǿľƺƵᣬӦòֹˡ
ȻսҪʱ򣬺¡һ죬屻ѹó¿׹ȥֻǹƣ޷ܵסɻվס
оΣľʵ
սһ𣬶ͷǣ͸֮ս
áľЦ̼ѹʧΣսȴһָо˿̵ѾƿľУֻҪľһҪ
սܵˣΧ˶ִַܵɫһ·ƬǱΪΣľ磬ľҪ
ǧ֮ƣʱ䣬ľʦѾǧ֮ˣ˳ɻʵһַĿⶸȻâ޵ľڰ˻ľ޵ˣӵмް壬ôǷζֻһľΪʣ
֪Сζ𣡡ľЦ˵ַĿ΢΢һǧ֮ƣʱ䣬ΧƬշ·ľʦֵһǹС
ҲǸ°ɣЦЦʱƬһɼѹϣĿⶸȻһһֱǣֻһǾĸܵǹɼ֮һǲᣬǴʵ統С
ʦ𣬵ʺʶսַĿתʵ
Ҳ˵ģʶս֮ʱ֯һǿ໥޵ģƴǷǧ֮ƣҲͨλʵƣ̸նʡʻӦ˵ַȻĵ˵ͷǧٽ㣬ûпȫͬĸûпȥᱻƵģԷ֮У׾پɱ㡣
䣡ڴʱһ죬ַݺݵ£·Ҫ̮㣬һ̣С˶ݺݵ£ͨľסˤڵϣ͸ŨŨľš
䡢䡭ڲڲַһɫâ̧ͷ졣
ô£Ƭ·Ҫ̮һ磬ȵĲ
ʱ̧ͷգĿ͸ſµķ֮⣬Ͳסįʼж
ˣϵƲڷķ漴˺ڶ͸֮ɫһӰ֣·վ⡣
ʣַĿĮڹʵС硣
һĻСеľ񳹵׵ĴסˣƬ죬Ǽٵģ⣬Ӱ˭ǣ׷ʲôֻţڷӣ


1461 ս
СԭסԣǷԼסǼٵģױȵģ粻ŷչʱѣΪԭʼ磬ǿʢǽӴﱾҲ٣ǰһĻǵǵ߸Եģ˶֪롣
ѣַĿ⿴СӰаţС˶ԣѡ
ʣٹˣҳǣƽ˵Ųһ̤ʱСıϽĻָƬط·糣
ǳȥľ˵ٵС֮⣬졣
ʱ쾳ǵϿգӰնȺĿⶼ֮ϣĿ¶֮ɫˣΪʡ
ʴսҪôаʺʣǽ쾳̨Ҫ̨ˡ
λֻٻһɣαҪЩ޹֮ˡĬƬ̣³һȻƽ
ЧǸһЩôʵĮ˵һ͸˿˿⡣
ЧǺܺã񡣡
ΣЦŭХƬϵһִ·˺еĲˣй
ְɣƽһʺԼ٣ⲻԶҪˡ
ͬΪλʣԷҪɱɲôףʵ˴˶ѡ
ɱʽŲһ̤ʱֲĲվ̨ϵȺнţϷĿռ䣬ʺʣȻǰɱʡ
гּɫѷ죬׳·ͬڰ㣬ɱȥ
ռ䷨ѷ죡ַаѷٶ̫ˣÿһ׳ѷ춼ˮͰ㣬ǹᴩ˰ɣͬ㣬ֹ̨һԲ֪Ҫˡ
ƺҲûǰ޼ɵ֮ʱ˼¿գû̶̫ȵĻ
֮仹Լģɱ¾Ļ̨Ҳλʣǵĺ˽Զûаһɱһľ˵˷׷׵ͷǻսڻɱ̨˫֮ǰǲҶ̨ɱ¾ġ
һǱڵĹεԼԵΪֹûλֱӶַֹϴԪɱַ㣬Ҳʺʣǧɱַ㡣
һͬİĻѷ˺ѽ˺ѳɷ飬ȫɱʣȴ˿жĿ֮ɫĹâ۳ػ֮嶼͸ŶĿ֮ԡ
ѷڴ֮ϣ˺һΣȴѾվǣȻ
ǵйͷƵƿ໥ƴǷǿԼͨǿ̶ȡַʵսаţҪֱӵ÷ɱʣܣʿƿ֮
¡ַ嶸ȻݺݵĲ£·Ƭնڲֻһ̤һȭʣһȭɱ֮ϳһȭĺ֮УҪѹأķ򣬹ޱǿᣬᴩء
һʱĳһɽ壬ž޴ɽ峯ʳɱȥض¡¡Ŀֲʵޱɽ嶴ɫĹâؼ衣
֮ȭһŭȣһȭأҲԼµĹŷ֮Уضһɿµ쫷˺ѳһǿʢѷ죬ſһӣʵ˸ߣʱһ˺صĿռ֮ץʣٶ֮Ⱥ۾޷ϡ
ǣ廯һɽ壬˵Ĺշѹɷ飬Ȼȴ˲ϿգʵȻ
ɱŭһһޱȾ޴ɽѹƶ£Ƭ춼ڵסľ޷壬һɽ嶼ܹ˸ѹгٶȿ쵽˼顣
ÿֲ˶ң񷣬ʣһ֮ɻأ̫ˣַ·𿴵ǰӫĻ棬ָɽѹ˿̵龰ͬǰ㣬ѹһС
ʱʵӰѾˣ̫죬쵽˵ĿѾ޷׽ǽһɽӲƿ͸ȥ
ַͫ׻ڰ֮ɫʱͫΨһƬڰԼһӰƶĴսʼǵٶȶӿˣٺڰҰ֮Уַ·ǵĶŻֻӰӡ
ҪߣȻռֱϣɫһ˿߽Ƭշ˾ʴ߳ͻϮ֡
ƣһŭ𴫳ȭ콵ʯǷռıϣ֮ѣ漴˫˺գֱ̤ѷ֮У֮ʱ˾ʵĹһѪߡ
ˣ̨ȺһЩģԣΨʲҲͽĩ·ˣ񣬾λʳֽɱʡ
ʵȫ֮Уȥ׷ɱʣԶһŭХ΢΢ͣƬ̣Ҳֱ̤֮У׷ȥ
ʻʣӦʵģ˿ʻʳ֣ΪЩ
İɣͬΪλʣ޼ҪʿûôףƬصʣЩľ˵Ⱥ΢΢ͷܹ޿ռжܣҪʣѣһλʱһλǿܶԡ
ʵʵλ֣˻ڻʵǿҪ̤ܹ֮ܵõˡַаţʴսͺǾһ޷侳ĸо
ŵʱһӰ̤˳˵Ȼһͣʣȥ
̨֮һɫţʵӰѵҶǳֲɣ
ַ㣡ӱַ̫ӣλ̫ɥַУ˳𲻹졣
ľߵַǰеʣĮʣסڻԼ̨ӶֵĻҲˣ
ʱٻ̨ˣǾ͵ɣʱв˵漴˺նȥʧ
̨ɫѿҪѹʻز̨
ߣó׷ϲŻȥľЦ˵


1462 ̨ʧ
λʽ֮Уǵսֲ֪ȴ˵ǣţһעǲƽһգλʽ̨ѾϵȫսˣǰССֻ֣ûдʶ֮Ⱥֵһι
εĹڻʲȥҲἤŭ˻ĵһЩΪ˻սҲԼԼ͵ߵġ
ʱ쾳ϿգȺƺƵ̨쾳ǵȺǺȺ𺳣Ϊȣ澹֧ţЩˣҲ֪֮ˣҪ̨ˡ
̨ʲڣȻľΪֻڿգվ̨Ͽշ򣬶̨˻˵λ̨սٴ٣ʦܶɢȥȫ뿪̨̨٣λٶȹȻҪ̨Ҳȣ̨
٣ַվһ飬еľһԣҪʱɢ
̨˶ͷľĻĬţ漴ǱľЦαˣ̨֮ʱһʦܾԿɹֻǻطѣȥԼ̤Լ֮·ֲ˵̨ɢ
ʦ֣ѵܺǶԿ𣿡˿˵ʱǶܲ²⵽ľΪˣսѿˣЩ֮˵Ȼţ²úǰ̨
ľ΢΢ҡͷҡټǧ񱤣̨Ŷãʱ䲻ˣɢȥɣپ֮ˡ
Σľ˵ûսĻ˱ض֮ϵˣеˣֻеڻҵķݡ
λʦֱأͷľˣ΢΢֣漴һӰ˸뿪
ľתַˣһˣ״ӡ
ɢɣҲɢɣһĨӡǣҪԻҵûǣ̤սʼһһ죬̨ľЦ漴һӡǴţַϡ
ʦ֣Щ״ĿЩģôɢȥ
ǲ֪Ϊ㣬Ѳ𣬵һҪǵãעⰲΣľЦ˵ȺжâûΪ㡣
ˣа˸µʱ䣬ϣܹøǿȥɡľ˻֣Եú̹Ȼ
߰ɣǵñǿĿ⿴ˣ漴ĽŲǰһ磬뿪
λʦֵܣء˷׷׸ǣӲͬķλ˸뿪ܹϣֻҪʦڣЩ״ӻڣ̨ĵ̱ڣ̨ضΣֻһѣ̨յһͽ֮ʱҲһһء
վַߣַҡ
Ҳ߰ɣַŮһЦ漴ľ΢΢ͷһӰ̤޽ƿ뿪
̨ȥãƺƵ̨ǿȴһƬޣʲôûУ̨ʧˣµһƬ޾ľ޴㳡յأ̨δ쾳ʱһ쾳䳡
쾳ǵȺ̨ʧЩȻʧ֮У̨쾳ʧˡ
̨ǺݣӪǧĿ˫֣һӣ͸ɱ̨ľٶʵǵԤϣȻʧȺУͺûгֹһ
̫Ӻ̫Ҳɫ࣬ѿˣ̨ѹͲ棬һɱȴ޴ɷй
̨ӣһɱһǧŭһɱ֮գ¿֮˶һľԶԶ˸뿪
ǣȺӦڻ֮ԼҲս֮˱ɱɱ̭̭һ˲ʣεȳ裬Ⲣζҵʵֻǵнһײ̨̫ǿˣ޷棬ǵĸ߽һײֱԼ侮ʯȫĨҵ̻ڣһɳս
̨ӣɱ⣡Ҳ´ͬ̨ǶˣҲҪҳɱ
쾳⣬ХƲ֮УĶпֱַ֮ϣĶַʵַ㣬ʦΪҪôء
ָȻʱɢ̨ʵġ
ʦʮ״ӣ֮λʦֲ츳ãǵҲ޿޵ģʹǶŽһģֵһʦλʦҲǳУûнԼʣЩˣ̨ģʦϣ̨һҪһҪһӢǲɢ̨Ƕ̨ӵһֱҲһһֿ飬Щ״ӣҲһֿ顣
ַ˵ţ΢΢ͷʣȻЩ֪⣬ʯδʺʯʣأ
ʯʺʣӦ̨УΣڰ˸֮󣬽Щ״Ӷȥʥݣʦ˼²͸оʦܡ
һ֮쾳֮սϢӶ˻ģʡʺ˾֣Ҫɱʣͬʱ׼̨̨ȴͻȻʧӰʧȥټ̨Ӳ֪١
ʴսϢʴսһ·׷ɱʻʳ־Ԯս춯أ˵Ŀüλʴսʵռ䣬ֺյ޿ռȥս𺳣·ضҪѣս֪
һº󣬰˻ľӿǿף˻ģڶֵ̨ѹһͷ̨·ͻȻûϢ㣬·һҹ֮Ӱ˻ʧ̨ʻ̨ӣֻż˵ɢļ̨ӱҺץ³ܲҡ
º󣬻ĺϢĺľһ֮ɱ˼Ϊᣬʵȴţƿ£ĵɱ·д˵ɱǰ˻ľʧľַ̨㣬Ϊǰŭ𣺡ַ㣬Ҿԩ޳𣬺ιң
Ҳ˵ǿɱλ飬ӼᶨȺе뷨Ŀַ˾
ĸº󣬾ʮ֮Ϣ֮׽һº飬˻ڻԼӢǰͬʱʹߴ˽ݰ٣ͨսͨͨӭˡ
ַӹսѾȥ˽˸ʱ⣬ֻĸµʱ䣬ǰʥݵͨҲˡ


1463 Ϣ
ģճǣһҾ¥֮У̸Žհ˻ķĴ£İ˻ĿνѪȷ磬ƵһʵǿҴᣬ˻ľơ
Ҳ˵Щ˵սȼգҡʼҵײΪңڼǰ񱤵̨̨Ӱ˻ľʧټΪ̨ʼңͬ
̨Ȼʧҡ񱤿ûаŹ̨˼ǰʱվ˵ұץ˼λ̨ͽ쾳̨֮أҪ̨һһŭ֣ҲѣʱǧпأǼ̨ӣΪβС¡
¥˷̾Ϣ̨֮ʱ伣ʵΪ˱Щ̨ʵСĵӣϾǳܲսĻ𣬱ȻΪڻң̨ԸɢʵãŬҵһŹĴ̨ͨˣһ̨ӿɽٰƬκ˿Ϊһֱ¶Ŀܡ
Ǻǣǲ֪һЩ̨ӵļ˶ˣΪӣһֱӶ̨ӵļ˶֡˵˵ֶ̫αѾˡ
С㣬𣡡˵˵֮һۣʱ죬ɸܵһâֻо䣬νӿڳһ໰ƺˣ˿̱˶ţľ֮С
һͷһֱۣԼѡ񣡡һλڽе³һɫһɫ˲ò԰
£ҸҺ˵˵˻ŵվ깪ɫ԰ףճǣң
͡͡ըѣվȺ̧ͷ¶һΪס
ᣡȺ׶ʱͷһᾹڽƣ֮ˣһԣû뵽Ȼ߳Ƶ֮ᣬڻ֮Լսźǿ꣬Ϊѵأ˵˾ذ
ҪԼ𣿡ᾲ˵һ
ɫһΪ԰ף漴۾ŭһԼһֱնΪֻ䣬صƸ޷лָɫ˲ϢòҰףѪϵھ¥֮С
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˼Ѫֱۣ԰ž¥ȥ
ȵȣ£һ˽ŲһعͷղλõԱ߾ֻһλ̧ͷҰֹסưɣ
˿Էе峺ЦݣĴɻ󣬵ߵľ¡
ǻһ׵ַ㣬ϸƤ߿ɶǾƷûܹҵ˲뵽ɱַ㣬ʵڵճаɣңھҸۡԶ¥棬
ַ㽫ƴڶԷһֱ֮ϣʱһɳŨᴩԷ壬ɫȻһԡ֮Уֻоޱȵ泩
һ壡Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ᣬѾƿź壬но棬Ҳим
Ͼַֻİ·֮ˣղŻᡣ
ҲоΪʱȻԸˡ
һȥַȡ֮ˮһεڶԷУʱԷĶϱ۾Ȼһ͸žâ֮ˮ̺µδ̫Щɡ
˿ֱۣǼ޷˵վַĹ´Ϊ
Էֱ۸ոնϣڵ֯δ˳֮ˮŵµֱۡ
ǳȥߣַ΢΢ͷվž¥ȥ£漴ַ֪ҪʲôҲַ㡣
뱨𣡡ַڴ֮ϣ˵˾䣬һַ㴫ճǣ£츳ǿ꣬һ֮ˣôܹ𣡡
ҿ԰㣡ַЦ
˿ַ㣬ַӦҲһг𣬲Ը̫ΣˣЩԥ
Ҫ
֮ףú󽫻飬ʣ׵ֳȻҪǰʮģһҵϲǰȥһʲڣҪҰַĿƽĿǰдһƺâɱ̨ӵȻ֪ģ񣬸ֻصϢˡ
飿Ҫ飬ܷȣڻ̿жȹ׵Ĵɣ
ŵˣв
ܲʻ뿪ң
ɫһ漴ͷ˵뿪Ҹ߲һһ˿Ѱ
뿪ͨҵһͨ˲ĵ뿪ܿڲϢַ㲹һŪϢҲ㣬ֻǾ֮͡
ַĻ˳ĬƬ̣һâΪһ仰Ҫϱۣ˳ܲ
һ취ûȷеϢҲðգ
ãǵõ뿪Ϣʱֵղŵľ¥һˣұˣûеõϢ㲻Ҫھ¥г֣ұˣԼСĵ㣡ַ΢΢ͷ漴ӿŲӰת˲ʧߵС
νооСһЩֶΣַԼжãַôûеõϢҲûйϵ״֮жǣˣҲԴϢ
һʱգַÿ綼ǰǾ¥ƣֻһףÿˣһֱȹʮյʱ⣬ֱһգ˵Ӱڳֳ˾¥УһϣĿ⻹ʱ͸һĨ֮⡣
ַ۲Ƭ֮߳˾¥һˣٴνʱָϴף˵ľǰ˼ַ֣ȻһƼ֮⡣
ˣʱռ䣬ֱսЩȫռã͵ͬһطȥ峿˶һЩ뿪ˣʵû뿪ҲȷϾ֪ʵ١˶ַ㴫˵
㹻ˡַ¶һĨ΢Ц漴˾ٱɱ
ɱҲЦַһ漴ַȻ뿪
˿ŶʧӰ૵˭أ
ҲܿͻϢˣ


1464 ҹɱ
ҹ嫵ҵƻ֮ͨʱһȴʱĻŶֱҹʱ֣֮Ҫô״̬ҪôϢҶȻ䰲
ִڣȻҲҪҹ֮ˣǿţѵ˭˸Ұɣ
ңضһУеĻŨſ֮ϢʱһӰӻ߳˫оϴЦݣ˸ųԼĸۡȥ
˭ȻһȴҲ˲䣬ҹͻȻһ֮âֱ֣סһϢϢѹȶʹ޷˳ɫ԰ס
˵һ΢ҹгһ۵ӰӣεĽĲӿס
Ŀⶢźۣɫѿ£ң
ֻ֪ǽҵͨһöѣұ⣬ȥɣȻҪĻҿԱ֤֪Ҵ֮ǰһһĮ漴Ӱʧ׵û֮УɫӲ
ãҴȥ˲ĳȥϾ񶫻ȺӢҪͨһҲֻδ⵨̫ˣȻǿȽãȻ뵽ַͼʵѹûǷȥ룬ѵ˸Ҷֲɣ
ͨһǰܵԺУһݶڡ
λϼػڹУҪͨҪǡ˼ַӰ֣һ
ãҽȥַظһɫһַӰٶʧоܾĻᣬֻ̧ܼŲǰȥ
˲ݣǰȻһͨǿҵղǰӰĿػǡ
λϣҪսǰ˵λ۾üƺоЩǵΪأоǳʼվʲôԾ
ꡭһ춸Ȼ䴫貵Ĺâ˵֮Դֱӱѣһ֮Դ
ֲ֮⽵λϵϣһ⣬ɲǻߣ쵽޷ֵ̫ˣһλԴͬըѣ֪ôģһ˸ҪȴȻ䷢ǰһ֮Ӱֲʥ嶼סǺڰֱӽԴס
ǳϻǺˮ֣֮һξ֮Ȼ˸ɱ
ǧûһǰַ㴫ʵкһħ˫ڵ֮ͫУħâ֣͸ž֮⡣
ȥˡ˱ʹǿҵĿ־֮£־ᣬֱħʴʶĻӦַ㡣
ʴ˶ˣַʵ
һЩ츳ǿ궼ȥˣǧеȼλ
ˡ˵֮ʱȻӰӶг˳͸ſµϢȻ̤ɲǣ㶣漴ͣвҵǿߣǸһ飿
ʦַ֣ĿⶸȻһͣаĪˣǾҲˡ
ǡǿɫ䣬漴һĽХַ֮еĽԷԴ͸ɱ
ַ㣡аĪ˲Ϣϳַ΢΢㶣漴ǵϱ¶һĨЦݣǻĴܷ˳ڣǻ࣡
ַҲЦû뵽λʦֺ뵽һȥˣɽǡ
ַ㣬ǿɲǵһθˡĪַһЦһԪǵңҲƵ飬ֻĸΣգΪҪģҡ
ʦ֣ҵ񣬶⹬ۡ˺嫣ǿɵַ㻺˵
Ҳģһֱսеǰʮֱ峿ǲŽսҺа׼ҹжɱ㼸Ҷ̨֮£ܲ𣡡Ī컺˵š
ˣ죬ǿԸıһ¼ƻˣɱˣҺַɱУӡҺַϣȻǰͨмȴһǹӡҺַ㡣аĪĪǳ֮Ҳݻա
ãҵսм䣬ʻҪһʱ䣬һӡǣ룡Īûза飬ֻˣֲȻַˣʵȻȫɱҲʹЩ
ϣжĪһӡַаϣ漴̤ս֮С
ַаûжǴȴȵ쵽սмжЧһЩ
аʦ֣ҲҪ̫籩¶ɱɡַ͸Į֮⣬а֮°塢壬һ֮ɱѸޱȣֶַҲǼ࣬ɱϢΣһҪ˽ǡ
˿̵ɰǻδʶԼʲôأ̾˻Ķ֮أʼ壬ʵޱۺ񣬸뵽˸ҰػͨҲ̫ǿλصĳΪ㹻ˡ
ʱ仺ţʱӰȻĴսͨ˸ûڰʧͬһ̰㣬ϢеһӰֱӳʧˡ
һ䷿֮УһλصǿϢһʱͻƵؾڿ԰Ϣˡ
ȻڴʱƺоЩԾ㣬ۣ漴Ŀ⽩ӲǰȻһӰ
͡ʺѪĿ⽩Ӳǣ͸һĨ־塢һãôϢıɱҡңԼķС
Ӱû˺ڰУֱʧ·Ͳڰ㣬Ժ˸ȥֻɱǿߣ
аҲͬ飬ųۣܿǵƻ֮ͨأںҹ˸ĿѾ˰۷壬֮ʱͬӰ⣬޷׽ÿһν֮󣬶һѪ⡣
Ȼаɱ˵ٶɲַ㣬ϾַӵӰӰ壬һûڰϢޣټϺҹڻϢһԺдȥ磬ʱ㲻֪жɥС
ʱַҵһԶӰУʵӡͨĻ棬ҹ
Ӧв֮˰ɣַ͸ЦϢĳκ֮˶ɽ룬ƣҲûػַ㿿֮ʱоһɳȵĻϢ
ַӰǣ漴ö֮ĲڣĿ⵭ɨһϥȺ඼ǵͽ֮ˡ
Ļȣַ˳ŽݣȻĳȥϻƣû˶࿴һۣô󣬲˸˵ϳˣַĲûע


1465 
˳ĽݳϣȸԽǿңǿûԼհ壬ĺõط
ϷʵԽԽǿʢַͷŵĻҲԽǿң˲ĿǣΪôǰȻûм
ȵַ̤֮ʱΨĸУԱĿŻĳȡ
أһأַɫ΢΢һҪһ˲ɱЩ˶ûκϢĻƺ̫ܡ
Щ˶úͶ룬һɣвκ˭֣Զ̤벽֮ʱܱ˴ţǴɣ˷˶˼ɣء
ȻҪַͬһ˲ɱˣѡ
ַ㲻ò̤һӯϢһغصǿߣ߰ˣڿλãÿ̾һأŻ
غأַĿ⿴ˣ漴һλֻһ۾ŵַ㡣
Ȼ֮䣬ַ֮ͫͫ˲ϢᴩԷ壬µħ־͸Է־漴أһ
ַ˵ڶ֮ˣĶ棬ӣĿâһ֮˲Ϣϣַһָʺ֮ͬʱʴ죬Ҫ˵ȴΪֻǷһɳƶ΢֮Ҳû⡣
ţˡֶͬΣһɱԷûзᣬֱַɱ˵ʱ򣬾Ȼ۾еͻȻоΣ˿ַ嶯һ˲䶴ʺ
һȻ⣬ֻ۾ɲǣ㽵٣졢ַٶ̫ˣһйһ磬ȵƽ֮ʱ˶ϢĨȥ㷢һЩҲδ
ĿƽɨһȺ漴ַ㳯һ̤ȥ¿հȺûʶѾڳ߽
ܿ죬һһƬţͲǰŲһһΣȫǵʵһҪɱȻףһһ䣬ǸûκηĻᣬ˲ɱ
֮Уλص棬Ŀ
ʲôʱˣһλ˵ʵ
ʱˣȥɡһ˻Ӧ˵
ҵйأÿһʱͱҪ濴עûҵ˳¡
ʵûбҪʲô£˸ĿЩǣĳȥǰˣİڷƣ֣һ
ֲֿͬĹϼ壬ûıֹϵ׻ҵйϵһĿȻ
̧ǵĿ⣬ЩſһֻۣһۣǻǵĿⶸȻµ֮â·Ҫա
ã˴һԺкһӰ˸漴Ҳ˲֪ٻѣһǽۿЩƻǺúõģÿιۿļʱ䣬ֻһʱѡ
ۡۡۡһڱλһ亹ˡ
ҽɱ¾λľ׷ʲôȻ䳯̤ȥ
صĹǳ٣ңҹеĳŴƣһ̣˾ôӴ𡢴״̬߳ǵȫµ֮⡣
Ϯ߼ľʾ֪δˣȺͷݺݵĲţȻ˸Ϯң˴˯оѵֻо亹˭Ҷң
¡¡Ĺ촫ƿ֮ڶ̤գĿɱš
ηңؼ䣬ʱַոȻ·һˣüͷ΢΢£ɱ˰˶ѣȻͱˣ֪ǣжδôµˣһʱ֮ˡ
˳¿̤һ·˶ˣɵɫ࣬²㿴ַֻһ˵ʱ£ɲַ㶯ˣ֮Ϯͬʱɲ֮նɱλصǿ߻ûзӦ㱻ɱ
ˣϢȣ֮죬ֲ
ַһ³ӰӰ׽֮ɲǣһֻ֮ʣһǿߡ
䣡ǿַ߳һµĻ֮ƣ漴Ų̤ȥȻûкַ㽻棬˺ܿ£ҪϢ
һŭ˳洫ݶȥһͻȻ併٣ɫâ˸
ֲʴһ˫ħͫĶƶ޷ƿ
죬󾹸һˣͬ㣬Ƭն
ַһɱɲǻߣ쵽˼ĵزַĿռԼ֮嶼ﵽأٶȺεȵĿ죬·ǿ˼֡
ǿƻһӡɱʱ·һɫӡϯգ𣬵һ·˺գ֮в֪ն˶ٽ
͡һâǿ߱ͱ֮ס˿̧ͷеİ֮ɫҰףХһþȫҪȥֿɱǿߣһ
ߣһǿ߹ַ㿴¶һ˿Цһɽâ˺ѿռ䣬ҹгһžףǻյʱ㱻նɱ
ַ廯һ쫷磬Ȼʧ˵ǰɱףԸⱻס˭֪жôĵˡ
ַѾһۣ˿ܻҡ
ģʱһǿַַ߳ʵ
ַ磬ǰ֮ʱһɱһӰɫҰףնɱȫ
̫ˣַԳͨа裬ɱ֮طת˲֮䲻֪жַС
ҪҪ֪ͨʺ̫ϳϣʱ˿ѯʵԷƺǴģɱӲǲϵɱ
ʽղȥ֪ͨʣһǿɫѿ
ϣַ㣡
Σ󣡡һַȻˣҪԶ


1466 ַ
󡢿󣡡ң֮ء
ַӽһӰ¿׹䣬üͷ΢ַ⣬
ڴʱһƶĿĽɫ⻪Ȼ佫ҹңһ𣬲ʱ䣬ң·ǸеĽɫǰҫ۶Ŀ̻Ժ̫꣬Ŀˣµ˼µճǵİ
һ̣˵Ŀ⳯Ͷ
ǸҪԸ˭Ȼ˸󣡡һЩʶ֮Ŀ̣ûгֹˣѾ
Ȼ˸ҹңʲôˣҷ򣬿źҹҫ۶Ŀһֺ빬֮УһŻ˶ͶӰÿһ˵ӰڿգΪ졣
ÿµַɫһңȫŽɫ˿ߣ·ֿɼң˵ӰͶ˳һһͶӰֻҪɱ˵Ļᱻ֪
˶ͣ£ִ֮⣬κ˲ƶΥߣնһֲ˴ң֮䣬˵ĽŲͣƶƶκ˵һһг֡
ֶΣַĿһʱǶɱǸɱҵɱ֣βɵҲֹסվԭء
ִӿʼ˳ӰһǷ֮ˣ׾ٱʳʵĶȱеӰַ֮Уͣ
Ļᱻ̲鵽ģַţжҲ¶ΪеͶӰΣҪܣ⸡󣬿ʹӰ궼ûá
ַվǾվԭأһֱĵĵȴţһЩʱ̣ڣһִ֧̲Ϊ֮Ϊܿ£ϢȣΪأͨĶԱһϢ嫣·ʱ׼Ӧս
תһǿ߶ַһַ建תЩ˿ַݺ΢΢üͷ
ƺûм㣬һ֧֮ˣ˭ִӶӳĮһûַʲôַһ֧ԼԼֿԺұһ֧͸ףȴôױģһ仰ԣҪ¶
ô˵ַһ⣬ĳŶԷȥ
ţȺüͷ˺ء
ǡַ㣡ַ£Ȩֲ֣ǿʴԷͬʱֳַǰնɱһ֮âޱȶĿ
СģַԱɲǣ˶ͷ˿µϢҪɢַǶͣ£漴һؼİɽâ͸Ų֮⣬һӰѣնɱִӳ亹Ŵ¿նĽˮƽϵǿߣȫնɱ
ַ㣡˶Ӱӹɣ˾ַˣĽ콣֮󣬶һңǿһףں϶ְС
ɱַħ嫣ҡϣڽɫ˿лħƣаʦѾɱٶǿߣڻе߼ɾˣѾ˽ˣٺݺݵɱһΣȥɣһ֮Ҷϲ㡣
ʼ壬̫ˣҪݺݵɱ
ǿڿգŭһӰ˹
ַ㲻֮ٶɱȻִӳٶͬˣ̤ղͬ˲ư㡣
ַһѿȭɱ£Ҫַ嶼˺ѵַһնɱӡͬʱһŭħ֮־ᴩԷͫף漴ϱֱ䴩˵ͷ­
֮֨֨ϵͼף˿ߴϴ£ַס·һռΰ㡣
ˣַ˸Ȼֿռ˿Ҳø˶ܹ׵壬߶
ѣַһ˿֮ϣȻȴа㣬˿߷·õģȴһֱ
һӰַ֮أַܿ㷢ԼһǿӰΧסˣȫнϵߣͶ֮ˣм֮ڣɼӵʷжôĵ̡
𡭡һħַϺ嫵ħƻ۳һħͷȻַıֳִ󸫣͵ĳһӰɱȥֲĴ̺һƷն·նѷ죬Ǻü˱ն
ħӰ˿ƣ
ַӿ콣⣬޷죬Ϣֲ˵ز
ռִӶӳֺһʱϵͼִ޾չ⻪ַԼɱȺһƬ棬·Ƭռ仯˾޴Ĺôˣɱַһˡ
ඥǿûֹͣȣ޾۵ϿգȺȫӿǵ嵱УϢøȫ
ǿĴ󣬷·Ҷһ𣡡ַаȻ˫ֶ콣Хһâ裬ûȥɱˣýبԼǰ֮ϢЩǿʢһɢԽԽǿ
ǿڻô۽ý߱졣
ɱִӶӳȵʱ֮ͬʱ֮֮ϣһɱ֮սɣ·񷴹£Ϣ죬֮Ҫɱַ㡣
ӪͻȻһֲɱ֮ţа콣ɨһУһӰ䣬նַۣ֮㱩¶֮ʱ˵Ŀ궼ַϣ֮˵ΧַĶ飬û˷˿̼ۣ֮ò֣ǽ̫ǿˣĻɱַ㣬ѹֶԷ֪ͨʣ̱⸡֮
һˣȺѿַ⣬һɱ֡
̨аϳаղһƬңаֽסɱַûע⣬˿̱¶˽ϳ
һԵ֮ȭ͸գаĽϡ
аһ˶оԼĶ·
£
аٶŭȣȺȥ˫سٻ
𣡡ֳִ󸫵Ŀħɱ޾һɱһˣ˿ɵ
Ψַնһһ޾֮Ͽգ㡢ࡣ
ǿ߿аͿħɱ¾ַ۽ɵñȵɱ
ɱɱɱɱһ·ҪȺ궼ɱ֮񷣬еĶ֮漴նɱ£ַ㡣
ȥȥַ˫ִָգâ죬޾Ĳ֮ϵն֮ײͬʱ˫ն֮
𣡡ħִ󸫶Ҳն֮ɱȥ⽣ַ㣬޷ܣֻн


1467 
֮ɱ֮һУħ󸫱׿֮ϵ𣬱ƿ
ַͣ˫ֹᴩգٶնһ֮ͬʱＸʮ׾ţ֮䣬˲佫ַ嶼档
ɣЩ֮һַ㣬Ƕ֮նɱ£ĿоǱɱ֮ȡ֮踡֮ǿһַնһ֮ѾֲܿˣҪס֮
аŭһշ·𶼱仺Ƭ̣һҲ΢΢һ˲ͣ٣漴аĽƿգ쵽£ǽ֮£Ȼ֪û޷赲ǱҪƴȫһַΣԲŻС
촫ֻ֮ͣƬ̣ڹᴩ£ַնĽâаĽնѿ˺ַɫ֮ϡ
貶Ŀ˺һӣ΢СĿӻ޴ѷ죬˺ѿǿֲ֮С
Ȼ֮䣬ųµĲ֮âַ⼫ݵƬʱ䣬ֲһལ֮Ļ˺ء
ƣַһХŭо޷֮⣬һ̣Ҳһ֮Ҫƿ񷣬ȻдµĽȥЯལâ
¡ֲŰݻһУǿʢĽз籩ΧȺϣ͸˵ԴֱӸɱµ˼£˵Ŀֻգ֯һ˵һ֮Ǳ֮ԽԽãɢַҲΪ³ĺЩ·˰㡣
һ̫ˣҪնô಻֮ſֿ֮סʼĵ̣ȷʵ£㲻֪ͨʹҲв
˿ҵַֻ𺳣סˣһ֮أḡ֮ᴩȺϣ۳ɶ֮ɱȻʧˣûнַɱ
ɱаһ³ٶͬ籼װ㣬һλǿɱӰ磬ٶһһͷ­նҵȺѡ
ɱַ㣬ѾȥˣһĺִӶӳĺȵַԿֲħ۳ɿħɱ֮ޱ߽âΪ˵סһ˿ַƺҪˣɱĺûᡣ
ˣһӰַ˸ȥֲ·Ҫַס
䣡ַгȨȣϮÿһϣЩɫһ彩Ӳ·Ҫһ
ˣַֻ㽫Ȩ֮У֮䣬ȨȻ
аʦ֣ȥգǣɱַ·Ծİ㣬̹ǣа΢΢£漴˵ͷ˸ǽǽǵչȥҪ֮ƿʹӶ޷ѡ
ţַ㶢ַ㣬лΪǿߣнϾ磬ַ㾹˵Ҫɱδ̫֪ν
䣡ַŭ𣬶ʱ֮ϣ޾ᴩ£ʴ壬ֲַ˶棬˿̵ַ·㣬ֻһ񣬶ľ·֮ܵ㡣
ԼúݣʲôֶΣȺĿһȫַϣ޾·ַ壬һ·֮жſµϢеԽԽá
ԣȨȻɵҪУǽԼ֮塣ǿʱַ̫ˣ֮һ˼ɵηû˸ȥһܵ䲻֪ʲôºʱַҪ֮壬ܲĵ
ɱ
һλصǿſµĺɫ棬ַַ˸ȥҪӡַࡣ
ַĿȻת˫͸ӱɨһۣ̼䣬һƬңĿ¶ãȻɫ
ɱǣַ֮ͬն漴ַĻҵɱȥ
ַͷſ֮ӰȻȫû֮УûӴˣȨȣַˣͺһ壬ǹͬħưȣ͸ź֮
ַб۳һȥݺһ漴¿׹䣬ʱΪַ֮㣬·һܽɱ
ˣղһ˳ַɱַĿٶһתɨɱǰһλǿߣ˸ɱַ㣬Ȼһͣң𣬴׹䣬һˡ
ǿпһͷݺݵĲ£ַøӵǿˣû˹ħҲû˿ֲĽâʱΪ֮ǻϢַ㣬˸еľ
֮
˳л֣ʱͷŶĿ֮⣬ӣͼл۶¡
Ȼ˿ַӰһһǰɨһۣ֮˲䱻ߣ
ԱһҪַ֣ĿⶸȻתϢ˶ûһȺֻһʬַĽ׹ȥ
ʱаչϿһµ··֮˸ŶĿ֮⣬һ𣬻۳һͼȴû̫ǿϢţаżǲϵĿ̻ţԸձϣôƿҪһʱ䡣
вϵǿ䣬ַ֮ܵסʴҪַ֮ʱҪôַӰܵҪôֱһɱ
չȺһλλҵǿ䣬ֻоȥҪϲˣǹעɱַˣɶǳʴߵΪӢһǿߣ䲻ҵľԶҶһѡ
Ҫ֪ͨˣ
Ⱥţٲ֪ͨʣֵ֮Σַ̨ǸӣԼԼ֮壬ʹ˲֪٣ʹȨȵʱ򻹿¶ˣصǿߣһ伸ɱ
ۣۡ촫ַаͷ΢϶һصϢӡˣǵȻ֪ζʲôʣѾսͨ棬֮ǰѾ֪ͨʡ
ַ㣬׼ߣаһ촫Ӱ׹ַҲ׸ˣʣٶȺ产ˣͨսͨҪ˶ٹ򣬺ܸܿϵҪߣ


1468 ѿ
סɱִǿŭһַаɱôˣҵľǿߣö֮뿪ҽΪ˻Ц
ַӰ磬صǿǰ޾ͬХһ͵˳֮Ϣͬʱ֮ϵĶɱٶȻۣ㱻ַɱ˲ˣ踡۶ɵĿֲγɡ
³֮âŭХ޾˿߷·Ҫ֮
ɱַһȣȻкüӰһɱǿߣЩǿߣһ·ˣղŻַ㣬˿ȴͻȻֽ˫ֳס
ǿɫӲֲ͸Է壬Ҫɱ˿ƺûʶ˱ѾˣֻǱ֮ա
ɣַһɫ˶Է졢µĿ죬ֻҪһ˲ֹͣ˶Է
ɫѿ޾ɱ֮͸ַ壬ʱ򾹽ڵͬʱǿµ֣֮ȥңַл۳Ľնɱͷ­ѿɱͬʱյĶɱҲʧִأһеɱԴΪĻַۣ֮Ĺİȥ
ߡаһĴڹĻ֮ϣĿʥ֮۳ԲĽĻ˺һ͵ĺĻһӣаг˳ȥ
ַ㣡аٶȺһعͷȴַɲͣ˸ţɱһǿߣ˵
ߣһƮаУַֻ˸аһԶȥһ̣ҵ˾Ȼȥ˵Ǹȥ赲ַа뿪Ҳ޷赲ˡ
ͷŶĿ֮⣬ȴԵúܿնַаͶӰѴӸʧҵģֻصʬ
Ȼ֮䣬һɺѹңһ֮зƱãǸ󶼲漴񷣬һӰ١
ʣ֮һɫѿʻˣһаַ㾹ȻһЩʱ򣬷·֪ʻһ
ԻһˣǧУʴһصңȻӡģȴֻ˵ʬ壬پʬ壬ȫ侳ˣ֮¾ĺ١
˭ɨˣϵӺһ㣬һ̣ټң˶ܵɿµѹ·ǵԼУƿأֻҪһͷǻᱻշѹ
ַ̨㣬Լаһ΢ڰҹдȻ֮䣬һɺ˵ɱ⽵ϣ·ı֮
ַ㣡ǧлۣɱ֮죬ûɱַ㣬Ѿ棬ΪЦǱҪԸ̨̨ûɱ٣񵹺ãңַҹϮնɱǿߣҪǣַаȻ뿪ˣңˣɱңûܽԷ
ճǶ֪ˣֻҪһʱ䣬Ϣܴ˻ģǱȥǧеɫѿҿɲûɱַô򵥣ˣԵҹճǵ벻֪ѣѾǱȻˡ
˻ۣҺεܣ֣λһλ޵ַ㣬ȴûɱɱ쾳ǣ¿ճ磬Ҳ棬Ĵɱ̨֮ˣǣַаλ̨ӣɱң¾֮ء
Ϊ֪Ҳң飡³һ֮Ϊ峿뿪ҹַаһɱȻ˸ܣ͸¶ȥϢҽʱյ˵ľܣһַѾȥ
Զ֮˽ɢȥַаɱҵϢȴͬһճǣɨ˻ģ˾֪澡ɨ˶ۣɱ̨˿ֶΣвȵȣѵòҵһ̨˲ɱַεȸɴֱ࣬ӵһɨһѪĽѵ̨ˣɲǺɱģѪܵĴۡ
ڵ˭͸¶Ϣʼճ֮еһš
ģһɽ֮أеһУǿҵƣаϥڶԵһʯ֮ϣĿ⳯Ķɨһۡ
мʱ״֮ˣϣܸϰɣа૵ַ뿪֮ճǣʱǶʹ֮Уܹҵõ֮Ƭɽ֮أַһֱУʹˣɽɣȨȹᴩԼ壬ʹڣ޷֮ƣҪΪ֮ˣȻԸ£ַһֱЯһϡ
ţʱаüͷ΢ֻе֮ϵı붴֮УңԽԽǿң·۳һ޴У֮Ҳ޷ȥȫ̵ֱа׵޷ܵϢ
ʱ򣬽ŲŻĴӶ洫һӰ˳Ȼַ㡣
ˣаַ΢΢һЦʱַѾûϢͬǰһΪˣôˣ·˶֮塣
ţַͷڽȨȵˣȫûΪԼãԺ󼴱ûȨȣɿֲ
ȻˣǱ߳ɣаӾʯַ΢Ц״飬ǰ˻ĻǾʮĴһԼﶼȥˣҲȥ
ǿǶˣҪɱַʼ磬аһȥ
Ӣ֮ʹߴҲᵽһǶ֮Ӵ飬Ϊʻ춯ֶԸôֲûɱ̨ӣѣаһЦɱҵһڻɱǣǹһ׵Ļϣѵܵ˵ɱɣǲԼԼô
ʲУǧпǻ᲻ֵġַ㵭Цǧ˵ҪΪ֮˸ն̨֮ˣҲ޻˵ϾǧвʣҪܹԼ
ֲ̨ûˣаʼ磬һЦǰʮ֮״飬һͬڻ֮Լһ֮ˣǿһá


1469 
ͬΪʮ֮һ޾ӵȳǳأΪΪ嫵֮
ڰ˻ľ˻֪֮ǰ˻Ķʣǵ֮ʣͶңһңֻЩ˻ĸλ˲֪һЩأߣˣ˻ľһЩͬʮ֮ǧ˿ƵϵңʼԼ˾ռ壬ʮĳĹϵͬҺһ
⿴ƲʲôܣͨȴԶûлӴõͱǰַ㣬޷ֻеһĸ߶ȣڰ˻ӵһĵλĽӴЩʵǿҰûбխֻӵĿøࡢԶ
˻ľԼʮ֮䶼ʥأ˶ԣδֻ֪߳ȥˣǲŻ֪һС
ʳǣ嫻ʹһ֮ϣǽʮݣһϣǳ˶ԣ¶ҪãԶһȥǼΪ׳ۺ嫣ޱߣ·ʹ֮ϣ칬֮ۡ
ʱĻʹַʢһӰ̤ʮ֮ϣһϿȥ·ȥʥ㣬߶֮ʱţȻĳʥֻǿ˶ѡ
ʮ֮ϣһȺ׵ľʿػǣޱߣʹκ˶̤ʮݶϣ÷ԾΨʼ֮ˣնУԻ߹ˣһЩ˻ľǿߵ˴˵أҲŹأ˳ʮһϣвûʲô֮⣬ǵλʣһԶ⿴ưԵޱȵĹ򣬹أԶȨ߶ȨߣۣΪʵȨ֮
˿ʮ֮ϵգȴնУҵĹ򣬷·֮򣬶Ч
΢΢̧ͷȥ˲в˵Ŀ΢΢̣֮ɫ
вϳնеǿߣڰ˻ľǷǳַ̨֮Ტˣ嫵İ˻ģ˲࣬û˵ֵˣʵҲࡣ
췲ȻʳնУءȺа⣬̾췲ţĹأ˻ǿ߶Υ췲ȴΥˣ֮
췲ģɲ֮˰ɣʣѵƾʵ͸Ҷʲţǿ췲̤ʮݺĻʹûʮ֮ϵĽʿȻδһȥֹ췲·췲ôǲȻ
ͻȻ֣أʵȴǿ󵽲˼飬ս˻һʲôв²ţǲ֪𰸣ҺĵŻ֪췲ʵݣǲ췲˺
췲ݣһǱѰ˰˵ţʹˣ԰˻һЩӢ˿̿췲նУֲĸо·췲վͷϣ췲Ĺ⻷֮ǸӶĿ
նУ˭ʱٶ̧ͷգкüնƺ̸Ц·㣬ȺͷϷ
λмƺɲ⣬ҾȻһ֮УָоֻпʦʱŻУһλĵţվмһλ꣬ûκϢȴһִ·Ϊһ壬Ƭصһ֡
ʹߴˣ
һЩսһ߳ͷ΢еİȻʹߴˣȻˣǣǺһʲôǵΪ侳磬ееĻȻڻʶǳ𾴵ʹߴ̸ЦɼǵĵλҲǷǱѰ
Ҳϳеļˣڰ˻߳ƵͻȻԶʵǿ˳Ϊܿ¡
Ȼʦ˵һڻ֮Լһ˻ĺ;ķ·𶼱òһˣƼʻᣬ·ˮøˡȺţ漴ǿһȺ¼ʿڿն𣬶˹ʹߴˣ
ʹߴ΢΢һЦ漴˻֣Ųǰ̤֮˱ֳĹҲΪģһҲͦ˵ģ֪㹻ľأˣɲִ
Ȼʹߴ֮һӰ̤ʮ֮ϣƵԡ֮С
ڻҲˣȻܸӣȺţǶѰԼʦ𳤱ʣʸܹʮ̤֮վƶ˵ǰ˻ľ;ʮԵƿߡ
ţڴʱһâһλǿߣǿߣȻ̨ʣʧõʣ³ˣңҲʹμ״顣
ڻʺʹߴ˶ڣʡҼʶԹӦҲ׵Ĵ϶ʶ֣Ҳеѡ
Ⱥţǰ죬ǿ˶ĴϢַ̨㣬ԼаҹͻϮңɱҰλǿߣȫˣңλֻ֮ٱ࣬Ƕҵһַ̣ʼ壬Ȼɱ˽ȥû±ˡ
˵ַջ᲻ʱ˿ʵ
ǲɣַһ뷽跨Ҫң޵˿¾ַһˣɱãɱ棬Ҷ棬Ҳ뿪˻Ӧ˵
죬Ҫˣ
Ǻǣַ㣬ƺ޷ģ˵öһ˵ЦЦ̸֮߹˺Ȼʼ裬վʰѩ
Ⱥ̤ʮ½ϣϵţһ޾Ĺ㳡֮С


1470 ƻ
ʹʮ֮ϣһţɹۡһ֮С
ʰѩʱ΢΢ͷſһۣ֮дһĨЦֱ˵ŽɹۡҰĵǲС
֮Ļ¶֮ɫǲĻǺ˼
ɹ֮⣬һ޾Ĺ㳡аڷϯ綼Һߵʮϣܹŵһζ
ɹһֺΪ֮ɫģ޲ҵĹϢκһϸڣܹĸ߰ңȶ԰˻ľһҪӣ򲻻Ὣ˻ֺ븮ۡڴ˵ء
ʹߴˣʱԶһ֮٣ӭӲɹʹߴˣϴź֮Ц崺֮С
ʣϲˣʹߴ¶һĨЦ⣬Ŷ΢΢ס
лʹߴˣʿָһ漴ֶʹߴһЦǹżҵļλɣӢΣǲſձؽŷ绪
ˣʵЦŻ񣬺˲ϲ˳أ
ʱĶȴЦżҵļλ󱲺ò֪ﾹȻװ߰ҪⳤǴк
Ȼţɺָܿһ˵λ˼ӡ
οĿֿٵڻʣָ£ÿһλʸ߾һϯȴûһȺףǶڵǵĺ󱲵һ
ɶԽҲڰæǧû״֮գַٸ˻ľһɱҳܲԴϴλȥ֮ǧбһֱˡ
ܿ죬˻ľ;ʮſ½нӴ֮˰Ǻͳϣһ飬ټĹ㳡ȻյҲԵΪɳڣʵʱҲֻƽĿһۣûڼעˣֻһ·˰㡣
ֺգҲˣʱĿ⿴˳̤ȥӰȻ̨ʧٵ״ӣӺԼա
ΪѾؾˣÿֲпܴ޵ĲΣȻԤԤԵʮڱسɻʣص̤̫֮Զˣ
ȺֵΪţ˱ؾ磬·޷̤֮޷޵һΣǵ츳ʹȻ츳ûˣעԵ
Щȴ·Ǿʵģͱְ㣬û˻ỳ̤֮
ˣʱ֮У貶ĿĽأâɣڱգȺ΢̧ͷ㿴һޱߵĽ˫ɨȺԵޱſ񣬺ΨҶһӰһһСǴſ֮ʱףιնҪ
ʺСʵˣȺӰ
ȻѱʹȻ·߸ϣ
ѾϰڳƺħΪСʣ˵ϴνַŰ֮󣬱չؿһ꣬ߣһֱħѾˣΪҲָտɴġ
ʺСʼ٣ɣʵ˵кһЦϵҲˣһ
ˣһ̤֮Ŀ⳯Ǳȥʱͫһ֮Ŀ֮âȻˣ
ʵĿҲһ̣ӱһĿɱ⣬·ҪӰ˺ɷ飬շѹɱ
ϯλ֮ϣӰЦݣһҲˣ
ַ㣬аǵˣ
ѽСзһХʣӿɱַ֮㣬ħڰ˻ңɨһͬǿߣǱǿ֮ˣһ֮ɱ֮Ψַ㣬ޱȣŻ֮ʱȻַŰ
ַдһĨЦݣƵ·˿ûнϵɱ֮УƬ㳡֮Уʡʻʡħʵ˶ڣҪɵõһ£һҪǻ᲻ΪΥŭڻʣħδ
ʮݣΨʷնУǺˣôĵӣУʱһ׽ʿַǰȵȻַ֪˭Ҫַһ
۾Ϲ𣡡ַ㵭ĮĻӦһĿһⱬȴַָħĵҲʣ
ߣаҲһĵҴ飬˻ľ;ʮڲſ֮ʿˣʦֵǸӣҲӭͣɱţαضνĹأЩ˿ԲأЩȴҪأڳӢܻŵȣſ𣡡
аĻµ̧ͷһǰɱң֮ʱֱնУأȻҲǲˬģΪǿ˲عأȴˣʱоһȰ㣬Ҫ֪ǱǸĸ
ǽʿĿһа˶˽·һӣЩˡ
ǽʿӲ
˼˵ͱڳ˶Ҫ߹𣬼ȻˣǿֱӽӴ㹻ˣа
ǼʿΪ֮ʺСɫҲÿΪ񣬵Ȼ߸ϡ
ȻҪͨ˸߹󣡡Ŀ磬ַ㣬˵Ҳҵˣֻ˵ͨ˸߹󣬵ͨ˵Ľ綨дȶ
磬νĸ߹ʵǿΪ۷壬߼սһɣսʲ֣ýΪΣַĿ⿴ʣ˵ɫһ˫֮ɫͫ·Ҫַʹ
һôţսȺɫһСǲӦսģַͨˣ
ɱңȻ֤ĸ߹·ʲغҿħսɣַħһЦЦ͸֮⣬СʻŽɫ⻪ŭ죬Ͽշ·貵Ľɫ
һֱûпڣĿƽַʽԹֶΪ
ߣһЯħ뿪ŭ壬û˸ղŸ߸ϵ棬бһɱ⡣
״飬ûνĹˣԿնСʵ˵һĿƽɨַһַۣûпаһڵλ£˶Ŀַ⳯ͶЩʶַҲڴ̽
ˣɶǰ˻ľ˭ܷˣңЩ֮췲ǵȻԼҲţ


1471 ֮
ַ㣬аֺĿַϣж¶˿˿Ц⣺ɵƯ
ַʼ磬Ȼʦָɱ֮£Һɱ̨֮ˣ̨ӿɶǱһŭַаɱңһѪɨǺݺݵ˦һ⣬ɱ̨֮ҪһɱҪɱ㣬ֱɱ档
Դ֮´֮񱤶·ͣ˲٣ûٸҴҪɱ̨ˣƺͻȻõ͵
̣ǱȰ˻ľҪǿϣʹ㲻ܹģַĿ⻷Χ嫵ĿռӰˣ˾Ǿ̤ʹҪʮݣԶȥʹɹһ֮ϣͱѩ۹ĻʹΪƣϡ
ǿʢȻŹӵĹȣ֪ǰԽ֮ƿ֣ǰȣɲǽƽ˵һַ΢΢ͷѩ۹ʺѩƣֻҪΪʣɳΪ۹֮һԵ۹ӵƿȨǿʢλʣܷŹʮҲǧǰ֮£ʷѾö֪ˡ
ʱַоһ֮âԼϣĿת㿴Լ̫ʣµλ̫ӣԼţ񱤣Ҳֻʣˣ̫Ӻ̫ԼҲɱĻ񱤺ˣƵó군ˡ
ַȡϵľƱ¶һĨ΢ЦʾٱһĻһûַ㣬վٱһȥʹߴڵһ
ַ¶Ц֮ƻУĿȴʹߴڵķ򣬲˶ǰƣʾʹߴ˵أټλʹʹߴ鲻ЦźЩ֮˸ɱЦ֮Ƶ֮⡣
ʹߴӦҲλʰɣַ˵˾䣬ʵ˵ͷȷλʣĵλЩ⣡
ʹߴˣƿǰʥݵͨŻĺеϹս·ܹƶһЩ
ߣȥʹߴһָƱַ˵һ˶ʱʹߴȥ
ʹߴһϣʹߴ֮⣬һЩ֮ˣһӢǷƺŵİ⣬ʶδֻиˣϺ㣬ʼղƵᡣ
ǣӦҲʥ˰ɣַа˵мλɫпԿ֮ʱֵԽУ˽Խб¶˳ȴš
ʹߴˣҺͼλӣʹߴһʿ˵ַ㼸һٱ
ʿˣʹߴɵЦţʵһٱ΢΢£漴֮һʹߴ˵Уκεİ⣬־磬Ҫп̽뷨޷ģǳЦøУ˭ˣ
ַ㣡ʱһλĿַϣһĨ⡣
ңַ㿴һۣƽĵ˵ͷ
ڰ˻ľ˵мΪţһ˱ַ㣬ǽлᣬдһһЦַٱʾ⣬ȴʼû
лĻҵȻַЦŻӦ漴ʵתȥľƱʼûٶȾ
ɫ΢΢һַ㱳ӰĿһ⡣
˵治ʶ̧٣Եһ˵Ц˵
֪ݣǲô񣡡һҲ˵ƽ
ЦЦûж˵ʲôֻɨַһۡ
Щ˶ʥ˰ɣܹʹߴһ飬ؼֵ˵
ӦǰɣЦ£ַһַֻۣ¶һ˿Ц⣬û̫⣬ԷȻŶٱζŶûأȻˣѵҪŵͶԷٱɡ
֮ԵΪǢ֮䣬ʾҲһ𣬸˵֮У·ӹʣòΪ֮ĿͶȥһ֮⣬ȻȺ֪û˻ȥʲôϾҵ˿ǡ
ʣοʱӰʻʴ衢ʰѩ˹
ʻʿʿ˵漴ʣĵԸʶ䣬ʲô˵ģ
⵹ҲܹʣϾнյĳɾѾѵˣ˼ޣǲʲôչ񱤵ֱַһһɱΪԼ̺·ˣԸʶôУ
ʻƽ˵һδȥԼʹһλ̫ɫܵΧż˻ᳯͶĿ⣬ǵ˫ȭɵýգ¶΢졣
ǵȻףҲˣΪ·òˣ̨һ񱤱ؽӭ֣֮һУ̨ɵģֻн̨ǲܹûк֮ǡ
ʣ֪˴״ǺˣʻʶЦЦʵ
ƺصñȽһϢδ͸¶ѵʻѾ֪ʶʻʵ֮ӣ֮״飬ԲڣҶû͸¶Ϣ
ܿǱ֪ˣʻζЦ£Ǻ棬˿Ĳ˶׵˭һƺ֮⡣
ħʴħļλǿҲ£ȺԺԼţһЩʱ̣һϵ죬·ϲ֮ͬʱԶͷ̫ս潫춼Ⱦϼ죬һ֮׳񷣬ΪҫĿ
ʺʿ̫սĿ¶һЦݣڶ֮ʿڿն֮һ
Զʱ֮Ϸ·˾̫ڻƳ̫״貵ս֮Żſ漴̤һӰȻǶ֮ס
׶֣漴һѩ׵ֳܷܷ֣ȴ̫Ӵ׵ѩɫף
⵽׻ǺأʱȺĿȫ̫սУ漴һ޵ĳ˵ߵУֻǿһΣ·ܹоһǸˣϣ·ơ
߳ս΢΢̧ͷʱȺһŷǳգƯǴ˿һѩ֯ȹ룬ʤա
գ޿ޣȫܹסһЩţ˻ľĲȴĿ΢ӰǵȻϵá
ַͫҲ΢΢£һĨɫô


1472 
ǣŵӰɣһĨƮȻ֮⣬Ȼǰ˻ľĴŮ֮һ
ңʱȹϵȺţԭֵӰǰ˻ѩ
ַ㿴ӰȻѩЩѩйᣬҲʶһΪԼܹõ컯ʥָΣףȴ֮ˣĵˣǶһַȻв̫
ȻѩѡַҲûʲôʸȥ棬׺гѩûУǶ֮ӣ֮ܣΪʮһѵõĲſѩϣƺҲô⡣
û뵽ھҲһˣʧʿѩ֮³һżĮ֮⣬·ַ㶼Ҫ졣
ôַ૵˵ʵ⣬һ֮ӣһλʥŮǵı󣬶վĽϣ϶ĳɷеģַô룬ѩ֮󣬰˻ľڶȺ뷨
Ⱥ֮У˶ѩΪĽǰĶ¶һĨʧ֮ɫѩȻҪ޸ˡ
ѩǰ˻ĴŮ֮һ֮壬ɣŶصζ˴ѣǲİ¡
׺ѩ֮䣬Ӧòû̫ĽŶԣʵĻüͷ˵һ
񲻶Ծʱַüͷ΢΢£Ŀѩ˫֮ϣѩ״飬మѩӦø˲Ŷԣ˿̵ѩ䣬ĮлһãֻǵǣŲǰʱŻ̧Ų߶˫ˣ˼֮
ȷЩԣҲ˵޷𣬷ۿģҲ˵ŵļ˭һǿߣῴ쳣ֻҪǰѩӦܹܵõ˿̵ѩЩԡ
ҲɼĸԸ䵭˵һ̫ս֮ϣӰ̤л¿ǳ̫ƴ񷲽뷲䣬ͬɾһĽǷҲ˵Ĺ貣ȴǲö֪ˡ
ףأȥǰһ̤ȺǰΣϺЦЦ˵һ
õģʣ΢΢ͷ漴ѩһߵʹߴһЦŵʹߴܹμ磬׸оҫҾʹߴһ
Сһ̫ˣŮӲˣܰ䣡ʹߴЦ棬Ϊһʹߴʼն˭ȥƣԶˡ
ʹߴ⣬дܻˡ׿˵һֶλ꾴ƣвģ⼸˾Ȼûһվģ·һȣƽվǾƵ׶ʵϣĿͣѩϵʱ䶼ҪͣҪá
ʼպƽߵÿһͬԸǰ㣬һһʾƣ˸ӣվƣЩȴʼƽǣľٱ
һУ˶ʵĿ֮УʵϴƽЦ⣬ʼעף˵ע˶׵̬ȡ
ߵһ֮ʱֻʵЦ£漴Ҫ߹һҪˣң̨Ĺϵ˽ףûбҪӡ
ѩ߹ʱ˫ӿַһۣ΢΢üԺƺ˼ʲô漴һ˹ȥ
ȵȣʱַ㵭³һ׺ѩĽŲ΢΢һͣת˵ַ㡣
ַվǰѩͷŷڣ㣬֮ȴƺЩ䡣
ѩüͷøַ㣡
ѩӣ㲻ʶ𣿡ַѩһ
ߣѩǰȥѩ׵ˣɿַ㡣
ףַ㺰һתһâַ㣬ַ㣬տҴ֮գһЩ򣬼ǰڣҲס㣡
ֻѩӼ仰ѣףʲôַЦһ˿̵ӿ϶ʵĲ²⣬ѩƺһЩ
ѩӣҿм֮ףǵãַ󵨵Ŀ˵һĮ˵ַ㣬ٶӲݹҲ
ҪһսڱɴӦ㣡ַĮĿȴɿѩҶɽ˺ģ㶼𣡡
ȺַĻʱ΢΢鴤£һѩȹϵ
ԶͬһλŮӣᣬַֻдżԹ֮⣬һѩҲй
˭ѩڿˣ䣬Ӧʶַģң˻˵м֮ףкɽˣ⵽ôһ£
ˣһַ֮㣬̤ʵһЦַǰЦŵ趯ŭײ̨֮ƣַвãλЦѣ
Цѣַʼ磬漴һ̤֮ǰѩ֮սĿã֮ǰҺѩӱѾй֮ԵѩӾַ㶼ϲ֮ˣûôļ䣡
ַĻʱȻһﾹĽҴ
ǿߣӵֶΣ֮ӡҲǿԣкֵģַ㣬ҪѧĶǻܶ࣡ƽ˵ַԻ
ߣǣѩֳǰȥһѩȴû˳վûжַʣǿߣܹӡ˵ļ䣡
ʦܹıһ˵뷨
ܼ򵥣ӡ˼֮û֮Īеļ䣬öԷγɴ߸뷨ȴǰһУڲȻ˵⣬ҩҲһãʼ˵
ʣĻƺȽ϶أ䵭˵һ
𣿡̧ͷãȻĿʣϴǳЦ
ȻûУʷ˵ϵĻԼԼ
ôˣ׶ѩֻѩɿַʣǵĻƺָ
ʦ˼䱻ӡܹ̽ҽ⿪ַٶһ
̽û⣬ڽ⿪ҪΪˣʵЦ£ֻѩ׵֣ʷ߹ȥɫһǰ㲻ҪǺ
ҵļûбӡûеĻҲܵʲôˣѩ׿ڵ׺ѿѩĻ޴ӷ


1473 
ѩļȷܵˣļУƺֻǵʦԼڵʥŮǰһЩ䣬ģЩӡ󣬷·ӦİˣǶڽմ飬ڸ飬޷ˡ
ʦܵشɥʧǰһЩ䣬ȴоԼӦϵַģûʧĻӦӡַʵĶԻ󣬱ĴɻҪʿļǷ˷ӡ
ɫӲĿĮѩҡͷ
ɣʱһһλߣ֮ѩɫһͣһʦ𣡡
Ȼñ˿ͿɣżĮ֮⣬Ʒǳá
ʦ𣡡ѩ΢΢漴Ŀ⿴ʣǰҿ
ãɨһڵʡڰ˻ģ˳Ƶʣ
ʱһĨǿʢ֮ѩü֮УƬ֮ʵ˳üͷ壬·һЩ޷֮£
ʣҵѩļ䣬ûбӡһü΢΢ҡͷûУ
ûУɫһûбӡΪѩǵַˣңƺɥʧǰļ䡣
ߣһֵ㣬ҵӵļ䣬𣬱˹Ĩȥ
ҡͷûбûУǻһ̽óĽҲˣʲôҲȥʵѩļ䣬ƺãûܵˣ
ûбӡûܵˣַ¶һĨɻ֮ɫΪѩᷢΣһҪ޸ס
ʦ𣬶Բ𣡡ѩŵʹоǸ⣬ղŵľٶʦҲˣ˿ļûб˺ʱиеǸΣȻԼʦ
ʦ𲻻㣬ֻѲ⣬ΨģǰվŵΪַ㣬˵м֮ûдֻǸɫ֮ͽòҪͼı죬ʦӪȣӵ裬ĴսҲǴȻƭ㣬ǰ࣡
ʶѩ˵漴һʣ̳ĵ츳ǺܺãΪַԱ֮û׷ǾһǷúúùܽһ
ι̵ܽӣͲͷˣĮ˵һ˿̵ţѩһ£
ѩʵĻĿ¶⣬ֱַ㣬ͷŶĿ⻪ַȥ㾹ˣ
֮ЩᣬȴҲʦ˵ô˵ʦ֮УӦҲŰɣûܼѩ⣬ǰٿĪˣѩΪ϶ŵʵġ
㻹ʦ𣡡ѩͷһɹǿ֮Ϣ
ɱѩŲһַ̤㣬磬ַӰ磬˲Ϣڿձܿ¡һ촫ڵľѣ÷飡
ڿն׷ַȥ磬Ȼ˲Ϣţʱսַֻоռᣬ屻·޾ÿһλƶȥ
ѩڻ֮Լʱǿˣҷɱһַ屻֮ʱѩӰڿգʱճһƬ֮һŮ֣·ǾŮ˷
ʽɱ䣿¿գ֮Ŀ⿴еѩüͷ΢΢ţѩ֮壬·õ㣬ǿˣŮӰˣƬַ֮㣬ʹַϵ޷ʹó·ȫˡ
һս֮ʱҲʹ֮ϸһ룡ַĿ⵭Įѩ˵ͬʱһƬħħʼͷţɹħһ𣬷·ϴս龰ơ
Ϊһ𣡡ѩϵɹ͸ɱ֮⣬ŭһն
£֮УһĿַ֮նȥ
ˣȻ֮䣬Űգݣַϸ콣âɱһУĻס˫ͫɶѩҪϸ룡
һħ֮ѩĶĤ֮УᴩԺѩ嶼΢΢˲ܿ죬ɹŮӰʶĿѩԡɹ֮УŨǿʢ¡
һѹ׻ѡѩΪޣѵѩϣʲôزɣ֮ˣڰ˻ľǼټѩ֮⣬ƺҲַͬʥŮһʥ֮
оһ˿ͬѰѩʧȥ䣬Ϊ޷̽ʲô˵ûб⣬Ҳûǿ߿ɲΪһ㾫ϵĴ̼ʧģǵľǷǳǿʢ
ַ£һţҪַȥ֮һɱ⡣
ΪǵˣǱǵ˺ˣַŲݺݼ̤··нŶ֮ѷ죬ַŲٶ̤֮ʱշѹ顣
䣡һ³µ֮ʴѩĻɹ⣬ַŲǰ̤֮ʱһɿŭХ֮񷭹Ƭص·Ҫϣѹȶɹⲻȡ
ַֽգħǿʢ͸ޱȰԵ֮
ַһȭɱħâ͸գըѩϵĻɹ⣬ѩˣ³һѪͷ΢һﻹµ֣˵ͺ䣡
ѩɫ԰ףһȴַŲһ̤Юֲ֮ƶѹϣ֮â֮УĿڶ䣬˸оһƴ̹֮⣬䡣
ڷȰһ䣬ʧ䣬޴ԼжϺѡǼףȻںޣַ˵ѩ֮С
ַ㣬̫ˣҴ֮նӳ֣㽫𣡡䣬֮Уһɫ֮ʿڿգɱֱַȥ
ǷǶԴѩȣ飬ȻӣԭΪӦַ֪䲻Ǻˣ̹̹ҪԸһǣѹͣҲаַ֣˵
˭ƭңѩǰһֶҡڿַĮ֮ͫʱоһɴʹУӦʦģĮͫЩҡ˭ƭļȥΪʵûб


1474 ߴǿ
ȻţҲˣĮ˵ǿͣһ֮ϣ㣬κҴ֮ӣɱ㣬δ棬˭ţҡΪУ
ҪսսַףĿˣȻȴֻһЦ˻֣ʱ֮Уλ֮˽Ųַ̤㡣
ѵҪɱַ㣿ȺţĿ¶ɻ֮⣬תۼֹôãַվѾܿˣսʲôزû֪ǰɱҲȫ˿ǷǳֲģһǿߣѾĶˡ
ɫ׸ҫĿ֮ϣĲĺâַĿ⳯һȥ˵ַʱͷ΢΢£÷һ˫Ŀ⣬ˣƺ򵥡
նʱеһ˿˵ʱ˷׷׺ˣֻǿ֮վַǰ
һˣɫһǻΪһɱַ㣬ȴû뵽Էֻһˡ
â˸ֻǿгһǹ֮ŵ׻ӳ·һɱ֮âַ۾ϣַ΢΢ƺڵסǴĿĺâ
һ˲䣬ԷĽŲ̤졢ױȵĿ죬żݵһ϶ٶȳˡ
˿졢ǹ죬ӣףǹַ֮ʱ绮Ʋ㣬ӵµٶȣǿֱӴַʺһַֻ̣оȫǹâ֡
ܹ¿յȺԶǿеǿߣֻǿʿֵһɲǣȺ׶ԷʵжôĺˣеĿ֮壬Ŀ죬µĿ죬һȴͬһɱ˶
˸о΢ЩվߴʿеһˣǿʢֵزôǷҲͬһǿ
ĵ̣δҲ̫ˣжλּʿ
ٶȿ죬ַٶһҲַķ֮ռ嶼Ѿأ뵽ңղУٶȿƿֲ֮ӰѸݣܿǾ޵һǹ
ǹâɣ·Ҫճַ㣬һѸޱȵǹâƿգַɱȺֻһţ·˿ռ䣬ѤĻ𻨡
ÿ죡ַ峯Ųܶǹ̿գȴûκεֱͣӺɨնɨƣˡ
ǹͨصǹѾ֮ͨˣҲܲѸǿĹȺа˵ٶȶÿ£ַʵǿ׼δ뵽Ҳ
ɱǿŭһʱշ·ֲ֮ǹռ֮Ȼкâ֡
ǣѷ֮⡣Ⱥɫݺݵһ⹥ٶȿѣѾǿᵽ˺ѿռĽˣܻâһǹɨʱ򣬷·ձն
ģַһղ֣Ȼֻ۵һ촫ӲıѿԷǹ̫ᣬֱӽ֮
ַٶȿˣԷǹ˶һǹǹͣϢȵַ·ֻĻᶼûУٶ̫ˣصĴ֮壡
һǹַɱâڿռ£·һɫ˿߽ն
ԷжȻ³һ֮һͻȻ併ַϣôõ֮壬ַ嶸Ȼ䱻޷޷ֿ⾪޵һǹ
䣡ַ֪޿ɱܣԭһ̤պƶҪѵ֮Щַ磬ħ֮޷졣
ɱַ㳤Хһ̧һն֮ҪնƬա
ʿǹͽײһ𣬽˺ѵͬʱַҲ֮ļһЩ룬ڵǰ֮ˡ
ʿ޶ְ壬ֻһһޣӳҲǺ˵ģԷİ壬Ǿ۷İ壬֮ʱʯ쾪֮ʱҪվǵڼǿµĹǹƣնɱһС
λɫ׽ʿʲôˣӦòͨʿܣǺַս֮˵ʵ䲻ɱԵ֮ʱɱǿµģ¶Ҫɱţʸüͷ
ʣǹô״飬㵽Ҫʲôаţ˿еַ㣬޾âͺħâʣҪƾħҪ̤졣
ʱʿгǹ֮âϴɫǹַ۾ϣȻַħڣǴĿĹ
ˣղǿߵһζǹâ˼֮⣬·գâ֣ͬʱһ֮ٶȽַϡ
˵֮µͫױޱȣǹƿգճһ費âַʺȥ
ַħ죬ħֿ֮֮壬˫ֻ𣬿·ޱƫƫǼݵɲǣ˫̧֮գ⿴ƻһն˳ȥŭ죬һǰ
ӣȺɫһַ㿴ǿ쵽˼һǹɱȻûѡܣǻӽƻһնȥ֮ʱȴ缫⣬лˣĽͿܱһǹûɱ
һһǰûкˣַַԽźִţ޷죬ؽԿƣƲǹ
ǹײ֮ʱȺķͣǼ޶ݵƬ̣ƾУȻУвࡢḯࡢĨ˽ƿǹǹâмǹмնѡ
ǹǿŭһ͵촫֮·𶼱նˣ֮նŲ˼ϣһɱ
ɱ֮֮³ɵĿºڰħâ
۷İ幥һƿˣвַ㣬ֻмްͷˣңǴ˽˵Ƿ켫ĵزҪַȵһܣĵ̫ࡣȺţȴʱλ׵ĽʿַȥַΧסϵĹâ˸оһɺ⣬䡣
˶ǸղּǱ̫ˣ
ߣһվɲǣͬʱɱַ㣬һ
塢۷壻֮ذ塢۷壻ռӴ۷壻׵壬۷塭˿ŵɲǣȺϢ֮Уλǿߣÿһ˶ӵо۷İֻҪ̤һǼް壬Ƕ־۷ͬʱǵ֮ʱǿµģ
ѾΪַ㱸ݴΪľɱַ㡣Ⱥš


1475 
ǿߣǲó۷İҶ԰ҲǼ죬ɫڵǵݣֻһ˫⡣
ƿ֮ǿ߻ӳһӡӡһУշѹ£͸Ŵĺ֮УͬǰѸͿֲܽض
ռƿն֮ɫĿռ˿߻۳ɽʱ֣Ʈܹ͸գնɱַ㡣
׵ƿߺ֮ףɫâ߿裬ض͸ſ񱩼֮֮ӿ˺ڰ֮ɫ·ѷɫ
ƿ֮ˣ˵Ĺȫ˿֮ʹǵĹø졢ȻҲӵĺˣɫչӡ׹֮ʱճ⣬֮նÿռ֮ԽĿͰԵ
ȺּĹϸ˿˿亹·Ϊַ󺹣̫ǿʢˣ۷ͨ٣Ͼ۷Ŀ֮壬ٶһΣַĶȴ·ֱַܽɱ
ֻأڿյĺֱȵֻذɱЩ׵꣬ǶȻǿҵʹ֮С
аҲͬһ˲̤ն𣬿ַ֮ϣ֮ǹַλǿϣǿ߼Ŀࡣ
һжֻ˲Ϣ֮£ַܵµѹϵʥʱǿݵ͸֮֮
ռгһȿռ䣬ַ·УȺڵĿռ䲻ͬһ֮ϣȫһռ䣬޾Ĺɱϣǰײ֯ըѣһƺڰ˿͸
ַȿռ֮ʱһɼķ籩ɺ³һѪ峯¿ձˣһ̫ˣݻһУ۷İΪҲǿΪ۷壬Ҫôغ۷壬ͰֻͬҪ֮ǧٽΪ򣬱̤ʾǶҪַӽλ
Ȼ˿̺֡Լаˣ㶼µĹҪΧַ˵סǵĹ޷ϮɱǺ͸ղǹǿһϽɱַ㣬ַĻ޷ܡ
׵λǿ֮ͣУĮĿ⻷мַˣ޷֮µףΨһ˫֮ͫ
̨ǹҪҵĴô׽Ų΢΢ǰ˵ʱѩԣüͷţ˼Щң·Ҫļļ䣬Ƿ·ͻȻ䱻ļ䣬ô¡
ɱңַĿ⻷¿յףĮ˵
ЦЦ漴ѩҪȵǰȥ飬
ãѩ΢΢˵ͷΪղŵԵЩΣ˿׵Ļûʲô飬ǱʶУʦӦҪȶεġ
ѩ뿪֮Ŀ΢΢̧ɨеַһۣдһĮЦ漴建תߵʹߴһǸЦʹߴԼλЦˣ
ֻϲƵģʹߴ΢΢ʼ磬ƺ»ȻûйϵҲȷҪκϵС
λҪһǵ۹ǰ˻裬ҪһЩ飬Ϊ˲λλƲַľһ¾磡
ʶȺ˵˿̣ڿ嫵Ŀռ䣬߷򣬹Ȼֿʼϯ
ʱʹߴ˵ЦţʹߴƲ߷ľ磬·Ȼߵ㡣
ңҪ̨ô׵Ļ֮ϣɫ΢ʵļƣƺСС֣Ҫˡ
˵ߵľȥǸˣΪ޹أƲҪ£ҲҪС
Ǻǣ˴ңȻܷŹ˾ʵЦ£漴ŲƶŲ߷ȥ
ҪʲôĻ񱤿һ֮ʵһЦƲ
лʣʿЦԼǿ߶ƲߵϯϣĿµĿ߻δȺңƺ⽫һЩ˹ǰΪеҲźóһԸ
ʻʡħʡʣǶû⼸ˣӦûᱣַ㣬վͬһսϣѵĸҶǲɡȺţ⼸⣬ԳҲδƲ
ı߳Զһαô鷳λáԳɵ
ҲΪûбҪô鷳Ҫ׼ǳЦ£ɫǣһ𣬺Ҫ
µ˺Ҳв٣඼ǰ˻ľһЩɽ׻ʵçţɽ칬¡ܷɽȲûжԭأЦƵͷˣ
˿һĻЩƲȽϸӣӣһֱ̬׺ҡʡ
ûжˣζŲ׼ӣҲʣƾʲôӹڶʡ
϶ЦݣȴѾڹĶǣ˲ӿ˲֪뷨Щʱ򣬶˼һģʣǱԼء
ʹߴˣȥһ顣ʶʹߴ΢΢һЦ
ؿʹߴ˻˻֣ͬ¶Цݣ漴վߵߵм䣬Ŀ⻷ȺһۣдһĨǳЦȴ͸һƷ֮⡣
˿ţ״飬᲻ᶫʱ͸˸˻ֳ
ǳЦŵĶ̧ŲƲȺЦλ⣡
˵գĽŲһȥЦݽ÷


1476 Ծ
ַ㣬Ҷ飬д㣬ݲ֮ǰԹκȴ˱ԴҶףȻˣΨнɱˡĿ⿴ַ㣬˵һ
ʣʱ̧Ŀ⿴򶫻ʣЦŵǰ̨Թʲô˵ͬˮҪɱַ㣬ټɣǻʲҪڻʹΪǰǶ̨ӣʸұ֤ҺǺѴȥ
Ҫɱַܻڻʹһأַɲ߳ˣҪ棬һƽӦĻ֮ʱλɫ׵ĽʿǿϢŶ²Ϣ·ʱܳ֡
Ц˵ƯַܶĻͳֻɱˣֻǶ̨˫ʻмɵѣʳɱ̨ӣ̨һɱһܽʯʺʶ£Ÿ֮ѹ̨ӣɱʯһղʱ㲻ô޼ɵ
ʱȺţѵΪȵʯɣ
ܺã䣬Ŀʵˣ
䣡һƺǿʢϢʼͷӣʿϢֲ
ȿȡڴʱһλ׾ʿȻһֻоϢ΢΢һͣе·һ˲䱻ж
ô£˿һĻĿһǿ߸ղŻڷϢȻȻͣϢͣ˥ˣһλصǿ߶ԣǲܻ֮ᷢ¡
˵ϢҲͻȻжˣȺüͷһλʿҲһ
ô£üͷʵ
£ҿжˣһ˿˵ʱɫһж
֮ˣԶĿԺǿͨĶ޸ûãܹ޵ĶǷǳµĶһֺܺһö˼٣óƵҩ˻Ҫ٣ĳԣҩͶǶӦġ
ַ㿴˵ķӦüڵϢȻһ̣ȴеȻûһԸУ岻ܵκεʴˣȴеһֶԾԣʧȥƿء
ãַǰֻ֪ǿĵҩܹо޴ãδϽӴǰֻ֪һЩޣܹ¿ֲĶ񣬶ȴǵ嵱С
׼սļͻȻ䶼ȥȺɫ˱䣬ʼͷܿ죬Ⱥɫˡ
ܿµĶϢǷþȻûпһûɱĶǿ߶ûз֡
ʣʱĿȫڴ˴ξĶϣ˶¶ˣʶ⣬ӹɣǾԵʡ
λҲһʸܵ˱Ŀ⿴ȺǿĶʦ켣м䣬ýթûֱʹ˺ԵĶֶ֣Ϣȴʧȥƿأԣǿ߶һԽҪԽУ
Ŀɺ䣬Žɣ˭¶Ȼ׵ϯ϶¶ֶǺ򲻿ʶС
ǺΪ͸һɱ⣬Ͽգһɹɱ֮ƾҡϡ
Ȼ֮䣬бüžκһϸ΢¶ӲȺĶĤ
Щ¡
ֶܹĶʦƶϲĮڻҲжɶܷӳµֶΣԷĸǣһĿ
ʣ㱻Ӱ죬һܷǿսģֶǻԵĶֻˣԼķֻ֮Ҫһͨأ÷ء
ҲڻʻܵȻԭǵж͸ŷâȡȻ¶ˣôҪԸǡ
ʱ仺ĹȥȻȴʼû˳֣Ƭ֮أͻȻ䰲Щ¡
ʣܷԵҩֶأĿ⳯෽ĵʿȥȴҡҡͷ޷֢ƵҩһҪʱġ
ȺʵĻĿʧ֮ɫʱַҲѾڵأַֹüͷ壬⵽ô£͸Ź죡
Զʱ˽Ŀ⳯ԶŷȥֻһӰ̤ʮţγ˸磬֮δ
ף׻ʿԶͫ΢΢һ˸һӰ˫о΢һƼ֮⡣
󣡡һһλʡ
磡
ħüͷԶһӰܲ죬л͸һĨɫƺΪ
һӰԽԽߵ׻ǰħǰ
ˣһ촫˳ֻЩӰ㶼ߵһλʵǰϥأĺʦ𣡡
磬㡭ˣħǰϸ꣬ˬЦáãľ۷壬ӦǼ˰ɣ
ʦѾڳλ¶һĨ֮ɫƺЩĵ
áܺãħЦ棬Ĵļ򣬺ܸˣˣ׻Ҳں̸ЦݣƺΪ
ǰݺ˻ĵȻˣң۷徳Ӧڳλʶַ˵˵˾䣬ַͫһǰİ˻̤ʥݣ񣬾Ȼˡ
ֻʱüͷţƺ˼ʲô㡣
ʦܷӳλʱ׶׻ʿ˵
Ҫΰ㣡׻Цݲãǰİͽܹͻʣ׻᲻Ը
ʦ㿴𣬶ʱһɺ嫻ʣĻ۳һſ棬ȼգһƺڰѷ춼ڻи֡
Ѿƿطˣ׻͸ż֮ɫĵӣΪ۷徳ƿ˷򣬳Խ˼ް壬޵һֻ֮
ֻشƵƿˣ׻Ŀ¶˼֮ɫƺڿҪΰԼİͽͻơ
ʦ㿴ҵķ򹥻Ц˵׻΢΢ͷ漴׵ƶ׻ʶȥ
׻ʵЦɻǣƺûʶʲôȻǹɿֲ򹥻ϵʱŶȻһƺʶ׷ʲô飬İͽڸʲô


1477 һ
ڸܵ򹥻ڵʱ׻ʵϣһӦǴ㵡𺳣·𲻸ġ
ûзһ˿ķûУǻɽŶһֱ缺ϤֱͳƬأٴط꣬ΪǸõʦͽؾۣζû뵽Լİͽ˼ʮİͽڹ֮ʱĹֱڡ
׻һ˿Ļжɲ׵ı˽ڵģǻʣĸ֪ε񣬿ϧҪģĵӣûκηĵӡ
ܵŰڵĻ׻ʵ¶ʹŤ֮ɫǰİͽ׵ûЦΨбĮɱ⡣
ɣŭһ漴Լ屬ˣ硣
𡭡׻ʷһµ˻֮شѣձµĻյóһµѷ죬ͬħſ˺ڰ֮ڣƬء
׵ǰһף貶Ŀɷ۶ɣȻ֮ʱ֮׳ơ漴׵屻ú˼֮ңڵ³˼Ѫǰصյɫ΢һ˿԰ס
û̫˹ע׻ߣΪڸղһɲǣֻ׶ˣħʵĵӳȺüλ߳ĵӶǵʦˣڳֵɲǣħʾڹϵɲǽ˷Է˳ȥ
Ϊʲô׻һ˻𣬷·ضڶҡϣſµĻ棬ˡ
ʦ𣡡ɫҰףһȻϲÿ˵˿ȴо㷢ʦ𣬾Ȼǰʦ͵Ϯˣ죬δǿʢޱȣվѪ֮Ĺεȿ£ûκη£Է򹥻ʦڣҪ׻ɱ
ʺַԶԶıܿʱַ㿴׻еıߣҲоͷһŭ⣬߱ʦ治ʣҪԼĵУ׻ζδ뵽İɡ
ħʺգ׻Ҳ͵ϮˡõԼܷɽ󡢻칬ʣͬһ˲䣬ϮЩǹڻʵӣĲžۣǻ𡣡ַеֻоһӴıţĿⲻĳŶȥ״飬Ƕټڻ۵ģûⳡ磬ûܹصͬʱ¶£ǷΪ
ûΪʲôֻˡɱţֻоԼ屻һǿʢţ·Ҫѹ飬Ҳƿ˷򹥻ֲⷽ治ѷʣǷȱǶԴ֮׻ʣԴ֮ѹ
ʦѾжˣǿе޷Ƶֻĸ졣дЦ⣬Ų΢΢ţƿ˷ɺкܴĲֻ࣬һλʡ
ڣߣ׻ŭХһ棬ûȥɱףһʱڵ漴Ųһ磬ڿգ˲Ϣ񷣬֪Լʱ䲻ˣ֮ѹƴݻķܻţҲΪˣġ
߱ʦ棬һҪ
¡֮ϣһ֮Ƹ֣ɫӡѹһأϺɱ£׻ʵӲĺ˵棬׻ʵ΢΢ЩĿ⿴гֵһӰӣԽо䣬ͷ䵽˽š
ʦ𣡡³һѪĿȴ׻ʣ͸ű֮⣬һз̫ˣ˴ֲ˿̶оԴ΢Щ£˴֮Уĩ֮У
ǸڱߣһЩҲһħʺŮʻãǵס˱ɱܷɽá׻ʵ칬λʣǶش׻ʵ׻ʣıǰޣ£Ȼܵشȴǿģ׻ʵ߳һͷޣ񱩵׵編򹥻嵱УԻ飬·Ҫ˺ѵ㣬ʱܳ׵
ͬ׻ʶ˿ַ㿴ǳѪɫӣһ֮ͬУһѣڻ֮֡
õʱޱȣ˿ȴΨԡѪ΢Щ԰׵ϸûѪɫ
ͷ˵ܷɽϣʧɫλŮˣ˿ȴ·ܵĩѡ
ʺħ£ǵĿⲻĳʿһۣ¶һĨм֮⣬ղţǧһ֮ʱǵԴ͵ĺһɾȫ亹ղһĻա
νԹ壬űǴɡ
ʱ嫿ռȺ΢΢̧ͷȥһȺ۵ӰһϢ嫣ȣ͸ǿʢ֮⣬Ⱥܹĸܵӵеɱ⡣
ǱΧˣʱһֻ֮أһӰ֣ƬΧм䡣
ղǹ׻֮ˣʹõ֮򹥻ǿߣЩУʣȺо΢Щһɿֲ¶ˣӦҲǰɣЩʵӣ¶ǵˣƺЩˣҪһ򾡣ɱڻʡ
šΧžΨк֮
ʲôˣ̧ͷĿ⿴еһӰ
ûֻһӰĿ⿴ʹߴһʹߴزʰ˻ľ֮£λƣҵе֮ԺԻлϽҩ
ʹߴ΢΢һЦôƵᣬû˵һҲµĿһеķвκεĵ֮ɫ
߱ͬ𣡡ʱһ˵ͷ΢΢һ
߱ͬˣ˻ΧˣΪ˻ľݣֻżּλɱ֣һȫҪû˻ľģ˻ľնɱô
Էû˵ֻʱһλ֮˫¶͸а֮ɫ֣˫ָɿݲϣ·һ˫ܾ˲пĥ֡
˫УһźɫĵҩǶɳƵӶԷ³
˭ԸöҩԻ
ҩȺЦҩɣǷŶҩȥ֪ʲôҪôĸ죬ҪôԷУ
ұ֤ȥܹúõĻţɳƵٶȴȴĬĵزΪһǿߣҪǱūۣк壡
ΪʲôЩӰ˻ľ߳ȥᱻ߱ͬ˵˿У
ʣڽ֮Уʲôɫ
ȻҲܺߣȺĸȫŶ


1478 ڻ
׻һƺҪ˺գȥȻʱһǿ֮ռвѷ֣ԽԽõ׻ɫΪѿ
ĸоѾôٶ𣡡ʱǸղź׻ʵĮ˵޿ռѾҪͨ뿪ôܡ
ϧˣôõĵҩȻû˷ãȻˣϷͼˣɳƵ³漴ֻǵĽŲǰ̤ΧкӰȺ̤һϢϢѹȶ
ղź׻ʵǿӡǹ֮ӡ͸ſֲ漴͵ĳ׻
׻ǰڣʱ洩͸һУӡ֮ϣӡºȻ£ӵпֲѹ
ַ̧ͷȻ֮䣬·о˶һӡסǲһӡǻصĴأ¡
ʽַȼ˵ǰһ̤ʱط·ڲӵصɰ㣬ַܶȻ両һɽǣվڸɽ֮䣬棬ӡɱµʱ򣬸ɽϵıѵվеǣȴûܵκε˺
ʦ𣡡洫ʹ׻Ѿ򹥻ش˶أһλó֮ʣսʤӰòϵ
֮⣬ɱ¾µ߱ͬǿߣɱĿ꣬Ǹղű͵ϮʣȽЩɱ
һ˼Ŀ£һֱǿʣܴʻɱҲǵһλʡ
䣡Ⱥ֮죬ͷս嶼΢΢һβССˣʣ̤֮ʱط֮壬֮ʱ֮йؼ䣬֮â
λʣ֮⣬а˴λʣԼʮλ۷ǿߣĿɨһվȺַɫһݣϢ
ڴʱһĿ֮⳯λʵʺַˣһĻַ΢΢һǿλеıɱ⣬ԼһЦ
ˣǿ߽Ųһ̤棬廯ΪһӰ⣬ֱʶ
ʽŲһ̤ʱڲʵ˶Ȼ·𱻴ᣬȫʧ
ʵʧһɲǣɫ˿ţλӰ֮أƬɽ壬һ˲仯ĩ
ӣɨһ۵棬ŴصɶŲϺݺݵһʱشѵǧѷ죬еӰƶҪ˺ѵ
䣡֮⣬ʹЮַ˵Ӱ֣λһЦŲҪǰ̤Ȼڴ˿̣һɾɱεס΢΢һͣһҲ޷̤ȥ
Ȼ˱ɣλʵ³һֶȫǿµ˷·ԡڽɫ˿֮С
˵һ촫һȵİ׹֣׹·˻㣬Ϊٶ̫Եʣʹնȼһ͸ն
ߣλǿһһʱճһΣâ漴ǿɱͽᣬһĨ
ԷûΨԽԽǿʢɱ·ʯ쾪һ
ʵ˵Ӱ˲Զַ㿴λվǲɵüͷ˭ɱ֣Ȼһµǿ߽λˣ
һɺ嫵ķ񷣬ʹȺһǻ֮칬ʣ䣡
ڶλˣܵǿķȺҲ΢΢˲ʣ˻ľ;ʮ۷ÿһλһλʡ
ǰλʣ㱻֣ҲӦûսƾλʵƣɿԶԸλʣǶѵҪڻ𣡡ʱ̧ͷŶȥ
ʵĻʱ˵Ŀңʣ¶֮ɫ
Ǹ֣޷Ҷˣʱʿ˵ȻܾʵĻ
Ȼ䣬һɱĿ⳯Ŷʴȥö΢΢һ漴һλɱճĳ̤ȥ
͡һ⺮ɫ䣬ʺɫ䣬Ŀ֮񣬶ŭȵң
شǵΨнһƿգշ·ǶһĻС
㿪ʵ֮ʱճ貹Ļ棬ڹĻ֮ϣʱĻѺۡ
¡֮ϣһ칥ɱ£һ޽Ļ׵ıǿնס
ɫ԰ףҪܣȴεԵǿߣ֮໥֮ȴһ֮Լϵʱ޷ƶֺ
һгֽɫɱպȥ
ôƺδܵӰ죿ʱʵȻ䴫ʵĶ΢΢һͣһ֮⣬һ˲ʱ䣬ɱ֮Լף֮䣬ܹһ˵ˣǵٶȶѾֲһֿµľء
ɫ΢䣬ӰȻʧԭأ嶸Ȼ׵Ͽգס˶Է׵ĹȻһ˵ĽȴҲͬһʱ̵ˡ
ôλʣжҲ÷˥˰ɣٶȿڣͷ΢΢һͶԷӲһ峯׹ȥĿ⣬ȴһɱ֮׵ʺ
ɱף
һ׵ʺ˶£һֱûзɶҵĻɣ˿̣ףҲɱֵУ⵽ôһ£ѵûκιϵ
ֲ͡ɱɱ׵屻ķѣʺĿѣۿױ˽嶼˺ѵǵУ͸޾ı棡
λɱֻɱ֮嶸Ȼͬʱʧԭأ漴෽˸ȥһǿʢֲɱ֮ͬʱŶȺȻϵķɢˣλȫʢɱˣ̫ˡ
һߣķ񷣬ζһλˣһΣõʡ
̶̵Ƭʱ䣬Ѿλǿ䣬ףҲˡ
׻ʣҲ˾õӰҪĿѣǰһԷʣ׾ܹɱ
λȻվԭδȴԽԽɱأǹɱ֮˿ɱֻҪһǾɱһ˵ڣվ
ɱǼˣλָʺַǣɱǿңʱһӰʺַ˸ȥɱҪַϢ


1479 ǿ߻
ɱĶǱ͵ϮʣȺɫÿЩʣǸδ뵽ǹĶǹʣô׵ˣ˿û˸еˣֻĸо
ңǿʼɱûб͵Ϯˣ׵ģʡ
λǿߣɫӲˣλǿߣ̫ˣңλ󣬷·ʱҪֻɱЩҴսʡ
ܹλ׼ʵˣλһߣ˿˾ʣһλʻں׻ս׻ʵǿȴԽԽо·ʱҪ
û뵽׻ʻڴˣ׻¶һĨ֮⣬һʴ˿̻ܱ˵ǲҶ֣жʵʧȥƿ֮У˿Ǹ뵽뿪
ʱȻЩλʵȥԸˣ˭֪ǳ֣ЩһֶԸ˭ңλʻûг֣
еˣֵǺˣ
㣡λʵ³һʱλʵ嶸Ȼʧ
䣡ڶԷɲǽŲһ̤أ̼䱻ᣬַǵʧˣó֮ʣվڴ֮ʱȻơ
͡͡飬һλǿԿµ֮ظѳһֲѷӲޱȵĵǰôĴķѣͱڣĿġ
λʵӰʧ˴֮УֱӺ档
ٴγ֮ʱɫףַҲһԷΪǶһ״֮Ļǳܲסನ
ãһȻ³֮ӣȻ䣬ַ㷢ʦԼ˵屻ֿˣڶĿռ䣬УǱһ֮ǽڸ
ǶȥԸʣȥɱˣһ漴˳ʶȥ˵ַ̤֮ˡ
͡ʱһɱ֮ӹϣĽŲ΢΢һͣͣ
֣վǵλһͣƬ̵ʲٶ˽Ųַ̤ȥ
ˣһɿֲѹַϣַֻоһҪϢĸоȻѾ۷徳ʵʱɸоԼСǾĲ࣬ʲܵģҲԸǿߵʱ򣬶һ䣬ȴӵоԵƿǵַʱһֱƿصĴ
漴ȻһգʱַӲı˿סĸоơ
ɱ
һɱ˵³ַֻоԼҪϢɫ԰ףʵķûκεֿǾԵѹ
ַӿ콣ԼħôɱħâԽԽʢշҪ嶼ķ֮ʱȻ֮䣬һɴĽ⽵٣ַ·оǹѹĿռ䷨򹥻Ʊն˰㣬ӲıǹɴĽն
˭ҪɱַһĿâ˭ն˷
ԶһǿʢϢѹǽ޷Ľ罣֮ХһԶŹ˹ԽԽ¡
ˣ
ĽŲǴĽţ΢ĽŲֱȺУһ򵥵Ĳƶع
λǿߵˣ
Ⱥͷ͵һϢ˵ĿⲻĳԶĽݷͶȥ
ˣһ죬漴ʮݵһ֮ϣһӰĸ֣һλϵˣϴƣµĺۼȻ˫ȴķ񣬻ŵư졣
ǿĲѣҪɱַǿ߿ӰһԷֹɱַ㣬ֲǿ߱ɱַ㡣
λǿĿҲһɫÿ
ɫãԽԽˣֻԷƮ裬Բϣȴͦñֱˣڽȥȡ콣֮ʱ
ƺ޹ذɣ£лλĿͶˣʵ
̫ˣ˵˵ƺָ
λԽԽȻʱǹɾɱ֮ɻڣҶּĶ֣ȫԸܶ
ˣ֮УһӰ̤Ϣǿʢɱأ
λʣȺɫһͣһλµλǿߣɨȺ֮ʱ˶оһɺ⡣
ҵĻ飬ǰɣǱλЦ˵
ãɳƵǳ֮˵³ɱǿʢȻȴڴ˿̣۵첻ϣһһװӰ֮УǷ·ƾճ֣ңһŶңǵݡ
̫ļˡһ˶ͷŵĶҽİ嶼ڵסˣͳ³һĨƵ֮⡣
ߡʮˣȺɫһôʮˣһϢǿ
ַҲ£漴¶һЦݣĵҵ뷨̫ˣֻҪһװ϶ңκˣпܳΪߣôܻ޶أ
Щ߱ͬ˵ɫҲһж͸ź⡣
֮յУǸճֵλʿǶڱΰߣ׼õǳ֣
׼ֵܶԸǣ֮ĻӦ漴ƻӶߵгֶĿļʸֱ¿յ߱ͬǿߡ
ԷûлӦĻֵλĿԶϵϣ֮⣬λʵǶԶֻˣǸ
ϣ²Ҫ˶˿˵һ
ֻˣ֮ĶԹͷ޹أƽ˵ƺ͸ķƱá
лˡƽĵ漴ֿ֮ߵʣҪһЩ
㵱Ϊ˻ľ;ʮʣֻ׸ô֮ĺͶԷԻ¿գԼ߱ͬ˵˿ʼײ
𡭡һŭأһӰԳʿޱȾ޴Գڵ㣬մ׳ĺڰ͵ĳһλ߱ͬ˵˹ȥ¡һ죬ҪܿûѹӰǵ򣬱һӻ
ôֲȺɫһÿ񱩵ĴԳʡ
ǻ֣ҪɣԳͭľ޴ɨȺҪȺ
ǿʼͷԼǿߵǿ߱ͬ˵ɱǣ㲻ôˡ


1480 
ңʱһ˻Ȼ䴫ȺĿת漴˾ʱ߱ͬ˵ɱ÷ǳңһѪֱܵۼնңƬսնռ䷨סˡ
֮У֮ŵλʳ߿һۣһâһ˲ӿ뷨
˾ʲ磬ʺͶʲָ֣˭ȥȣʱʻʶȻĮĿ˵Ⱥͷ΢ҵľ棬Щ˶ǿߣ˵˾ˣʱȴоһƬңŪһֶӪܹ졣
ʼԼ˾ռҾѣʻʣȻϣ˴˾ʡ
˾ռҲλôĻûгأ֮УһƮ죬Ⱥͷŷâûгֵ˵߱ͬ˵һλλʶŵǿߣһֱǿɱλλʣ
͡͡ǹɱⶸȻݺؼ䣬嫵ĿռȫȻľɱȴѾλʵϣӰûг֡
һҽ˾ֱ۳׵ıնң߱ͬ˵ɱƺεĽϵķµɱϢĻᶼûУɫѾòҰ
˭˾ŭһգƬأȻɱɱռ֮Уɱ֮ʵض
һ˱˾ʸӵң׻ʣʱ֣ħʺһλѾסʵĹ弴ڻɢˣѾз
ڣ׻վһŸںһ
ʦ𣡡ѪҪ׻ϵĻʶҪգҿ̫
֮ɢɽ׻ʶŸ˵΢΢˵ͷɫԽĲ԰ʦ׻ʣҪô
Ļ淨һҲܲס˷Ѳ٣СһҲһһЩɣҲΪ㸴ģʱַߵͻȻ˵ַ峯ǰơ
׻Ŀ⻺תһ˺ַ㣬漴΢΢ͷãʯʸͽǰ˻ѵһţǰĻҲ˳ȫɡ
˵գķ֮׻ȫǻ淨Ĺ
Ȼַ͸ڵȥȻӸԼַԴϹȥ̼䣬Լַ嶼΢΢ֻоһɿµķᴩǵ壬ǵľѪҺ֮С
棡ַо·л߹ôĳȣо˷·ҪȼĹ䣬Ի淨ϴ壬ڣϧʣ޷ֱӽܷĹ롣
׻ʽɻ֮ʱعĻ淨ֻ֮ʱŻɢȥ˿ϴúøܡ˶ַ㿪˵ַ΢΢ͷȴһУĸΪطĹ롣
ַ徭֮ŵĴϣΪķ䣬ֻоԼԻ϶ԽԽǿңڲ֪䣬Ͽʼȼ˻棬ԡڻ֮УˣڵϣҲȫǻ棬ڸڵ󣬳һ·һ㡣
壬û𣬺ͻϣ䣬ͬоڲϵɱţеıߺƻǿĸɻС
ʱԶһ˻˾ռҵʱһԴ漴Դըѵˣйȥһ貵ĹʣΨǲҽеĺɻص֮С
˾Ҳˣɫһһߣ׻ɢҲǳ֮£ѾλɥεȵĲҡ
߱ͬ˵ڴھԵƣЩ֮˱һɱЩжɱ֮µǿ߻ûģǻɱ˾ʵλ߱ͬǿߣһξȻʣ
λɱˣʱε£ɫѿ˵
ղöʶԸˣʣǰΪȴԹۣкĿˡʺһλսͬʱĮ³һʺͶʵɫ
ͬ飬ȴһӰƮʶʵ֣Ը߱ͬ˵ɱʡ
Һʱʶͬˣ㵤ʣͶߵĽʺƺûܵصĸţ֪ǷǵѾΪǽⶾˣٶƮƺԽԽ
߱ͬ˵׺Ͷûйϵѵǵ£
ЩǺεȾκοܶῼǵģȻĻΪʲô߱ͬ˵ɱסɱҽõ˾ʣʼԸʣ˵ǿƣôƵĴδЩֲ̫ˡ
ߵսңеĴλǣƣһλ߱ͬ˵λʱǾɱֻҪһʯ쾪Ļ𹥻һλλ֮ڶţ֮־űĿ֮ʸһͷţɱǿµģλʲȥˣһˣ֮߱ͬ˸ܲʹ۵ġ
ڣһӵϺ;ɱŵλλʵ³߱ͬ˵Ӱһ˸Χȥ²Ϊʼˡ
Щ߱ͬ˵ɱڳ֮ʱɣһʱܹӦԷ㳷֮ʱ͸ſµɱ֮·ʱһǼǧ߱ͬһεĴٻ޹
ߺڻʵҲû׷̫Щ߱ͬ˵ʵӹɵģǲ̫ȽԷңλԼλʻڣδ뿪
λʣɱʣ·뽫ɱ
û𣿡˲ߣһλλĺһʱӰ˸ŲԶȥֱʧ
λپˣλҲڿգûаɱ֮صλʣԷҲûаܹǣˣܿ죬߱ͬ˵ȫʧȺߵУһЩʬ塣
˿̣׻Ҳˣںַ֮ʱӰΪҽ¶һĨ֮ɫȻȴڴ˿̣һȻʣԶȥ
̫ˣ׻ʻûгأʻ˵һλǿߣûнɱɢǲ᳹ġ
ַɫһ漴ָֻ糣׵ǼһﲻһôػһΣҪɳԭĵزֲ֪Ҫ¡
ɺޣ޷ǡַ㿴ʧ֮߱ͬˣĮ˵գλ䣬Ǹѡ
ʲΣͬ磬֮ͬϣҪɱԷһ׵飬ǲȽϴ󣡡ʵ˵һַ˼ʾ磬֪λֲεġ


1481 
ȺĿɨƬ嫵Ŀռ䣬ʱ̧ͷգ˸λ֮Ϣȫ
λ߱ͬεҰĴضˣҪ̲˻ľ;ʮ֮Ŀ⻷Ⱥһۣ˵գλʲѣá󣬻칬ɽĴУػ֪лвĻϲ⣬ڴ˾λ˳ֶԸЩΪ֮߱ͬˣܰ˻ľĹǣɿԴڰ˻ľУǿߣóֶԸ
֮Ļɫ΢΢һλʴĺ¶˸м֮ɫ֮ĻɻһʱˣҪ̤ʾУȻû䡢˥ˣֱ̲
Уܷɽ׻ʵλҲش農ˣκʲôͬΪ֮߱ͬˡ֮ڣ߱ͬ˵Ŀıû˻ľģеһһ򾡣ֻҪɱЩʣرˡ
˻ľĶΣ߱ͬ˼ȻѾȫ֣ؽһλ֣֮ϣʷſɼУˡ֮˵գӰ˸ȥҲ뿪Ƭء
Ǵǰһˣ߱ͬҰļҪûƬأڻʲò֯ഫʱ߱ͬ˶ԿѾ֪ˣ߱ͬ˵ҰһˣΣܻһѡ
ַԣ΢ڻȥֱ֮ͦ΢΢ͣһסȻַȴĲ׽һ֮ɫ
ǰˣػ˶ַм˵˵ȻǽڣɨˣѾ֪λǿʣ˭Ƿ콣ʣҪֻһλ˵ʶѡ
ҡҡͷЦҲܹ֮ıӻҲȫΪ㡣
ַ΢΢ͷһʹ߱ͬ˺ˣˣҲõһ֮ػ
ȥˣ˶΢΢˵һ漴תƮȻȥһһգת˲㳹׵ʧ
˶ȥˣȻѾûκε壬׺ѩĴ飬˴ɱ̸δ顣
ѩ͸ãȻɫĴ֮գȻΪɷ׾Ȼɱˣûие˿ʹ·Էֻİ·˰㣬ʧȥ˼䣬ӦҲбܵķӦŶԣ׵ܲԼľĲѩԴ˭
䣡ڴʱһɿֲɱ֮Ȼ併ƬأһӰ̤ӿޱǿ֮
λʵϢɫһ̤һӰֻߵ˾ʵǰĿȫǵ˾ʣԴѵˣɱɢػĻᶼС
˾ռλǿߵˣȺаӹɣһ˾ռλˡ
߱ͬ˵ɱ֣ƺҪ˾ռԼңɱ˾֮󣬱ҪɱҶʣɱסĮȻ䣬ķʻϣ֮߱ͬɱ˾֮ʱʻʾֹԮȣǺ⣡
Ҫ˵ʼ߱ͬй𣿡ʻЦĿŶʣ㶫ʣҪǣ˴ξǶ裬ھжֱ߱ͬһ򾡣Ҹǣסλʣ»Ҫ䣬ֻҪеԴ͸ףҵɣʼҿǴˡ
Ҷױ߱ͬɱŭһ
ⲢųвеĿܡʻ
ߣһɫѿվ絽Ϊֹλȥɡ
֮գѾϲ»ɥ£ʴ˿ɱ˵ĳ嶯ȴֻţĿɨʻԼַʱĿ
жһλȥ㻯һУһ·ܲԸһʻЦĿ⿴ѩѩҵҲˣҺʵ뷨һģ㱻ƭ֮㻹뿪ĺãĪҪ󣡡
䣡ϹϢţǿʢޱȡ
λʵƺڣʻһȣȺĿȫŶʣöɫһֽϢ˵̫Ҷ߱ͬ˵ɱУ㾹裬㶼Ź
ҶԹ˻Ľ֪ΣھվҪɱңڶ֣ʻʼŭʣ·Ϊ֮
ʵɫ䵽˼£ȴվûжָ֣ʻʱ˵
ģ֮δ⣬ȴҹЦ֮ʻЦٶȶѩѩɥʧжڣʦѾңΪƷַĹϵǷʦ˵̫ˣֻҪ㵽˻ľȥһ±֪ˣʦⲻס˵졣
ѩɫһͣȷֻҪ˻Ĵ̽һ֪һС
ǻΪʦʳƮĮ˵
ѩƬ̣ҡҡͷʦ𣬱ТҪһ˰һʱ䣬ˣ
˵գѩ˸ôƮȻ뿪ˣһĻʹõɫӲΪѿɨʻһۡ
λҲҪ£ǾͲҪˣȥɣⶾصЧڽʧӦʱЧԵģҲͷʣȻҲָϣһ
ʻ˵漴ʾ⡣
ħʡʣܷʣλһΣĿ⿴⼸λʣ˵һ
ħ΢΢һЦȻҲܾܷܴͲ㣬ʵһУȻò
ߡʶַ˵һ漴˻֣ʱһնȥת˲֮ʧƬռ䣬
ҲȥҪôСҪôȥ֮׷뿪ˡ
ãʹߴҲЩ뿪ˣƬ嫵Ŀռ䣬һɣ촫Ƕ˫ȭߣ˾ռλʻڣбʡ
ˣȻ֮䣬һӰòͶʼһ޷
⵽ô£˾ռ˫ɱǳֵӰɫѿ
ҲˣǵӰ˵ɫͬΪѿ
ɱҶԼ֮ˣ˾ռҵɫһɱ¡
Է˵ͷս˫ȭͬ촫
Цλλʣ㾹Ȼ᲻֪˾ɫ䡣
ӦףҷֵʱӦҲˣʱѾֹһзˣѵǲ׼ס׼ɱ˾ռҵˣλǿĵ˾ԣΨб䣡


1482 ַ
֮УƲ㷭ʵһǰ̸ַۣں
ʡʻʡħʱγͬˣϵΪڻ֮ԼʱɱʱվҲദǢܷʣ֮ʵԸչһ̣м
λʵǵĺҲദΪǢַ㡢ʰѩ֮䱾죬ַҲǾʶᡢ桢λŮҲַʶҲԵ衣
ʣ϶ѩļû⵽ӡƻǰļλ̸ѩ顣
ӹɣλʷӡƻҲڿļУƺһصƽ˵еҲΪɻѩȽϹŹ֡
ʻʳ¶ֵɫ૵ѵļʧɣ
ѩΪڵʥŮΪأֱ֮ſʼϢų֮ǰһУƺûУƽ˵һλʶ¶һĨɫʯʺʳɻҲмʱգȴڼǰŴ̨֮ǰļ꣬Ƕ¶㼣
˵صйĹÿһܹȥһУΨʹ֮ûκšʻʵ˵
ַɫһֹúݣԼݣԼĹȥֻ䡣
֮󣬹Ȼ治СվַߣǳЦ£ˮӻɨַһۡ
ѩǷǳŮӣкǿ󹦷Ժ»᲻ɱ䣬һδαǿѹҿأȢѩ
ôõһŮȴ⣬ҲֿϧģС죬ҲϴСˣȥѩȢʼԺҲЯִ¡ʻʻعͷһۣЦ˵
㶣漴¶˿Цɫ
ʶعͷԼĺ󱲣ħЦŮһ̳Ը⣬ÿԴϼأ
⵹Ǻ⡣ʻҲЦ˵λŮֱᡢԼǵòԲ˵Ȼ֮ϢᡢѩΪĴŮ֮һһǣǰСѾǱ߻֮ͤͤòضãȫܹͼλ䡣
ֻҪԼ⣬ҵûʲôܷʿ˷ͷһۣܷɽƫˣν᧿ΣܹЩϹϵܹסͷˡ
ʦҪ㡣ܷʣԷշ·˺ܶ㣬Ͼһƣͷʱ¶֮⡣
ɵѾͷŮӴվҪҸ˼ҵġܷ֣·Դų֮ɫ
㿴ĸʦͼλǰΪֽܷĿƵϣЦ
濴Եļλһۣȴ΢΢ҡҡͷʦҲ뿼ǶŮ֮¡
ɵѾͷܷ΢ЦҡҡͷΪΡ
ᣬûλʻЦһԵú⣬칦ܼʼңɷܵõٺô
ЦҡͷҼѾˣҪʻʧˣ
˵ţʵĿ⻹ַɨһֻۣһţַֻоõַΪ˼ĿԵһۡ
Ȼ֮Цʻ΢΢ʻǰЦˣĪˡ
ԭˣͻˣ֪ɷðһϲ֪꣬λܳſһǱѰɣʻʺʵѵѾ˭϶˲ɣȻûз
ǰϲϵҲϣ͸¶˭ǰЦˡЦ˵ʻʸӺֻЦ£Ҳûжʲô
ǿϧˣһ뽫ӭʼءʻҡͷЦ漴ֵܣǶ˵㣬ʱҲһǰһ
˵ǶȻһЦû̫⣬ַĿһԵᡣ
˻ľĶȣڷƮҡ֮УʥݵͨҲǸϿ콫ΪʱǰʥҲܸ˳ʶżЦ£˶ͷ
ʦһ˶ȥʥݣ˻ĵڲϼ˻ľĵδôߡħʵ
Щ̤ʥݻЩṳ̂ʥݵͬлΪʣһнǲصģߺԼ·ˡħʻӦ˵
һӰյд󣬹һЩʱ̣ѾԶ
λʵ۹ˣסһʱտɺãҲԾ֮ꡣʻʶЦʵ۹ʼλ֣ǵ۹֮
£ʵ۹߶߶ʻĪҪ߶ŲǡЦЦ̨ʱɢĴƯ⵽ﶼһ
һҪȥһЩˣͲͣˣ
ħʺʵǲԸͣ׼ذ˻ģܷʵ۹ˡ
˷ֿǰ̡
֮ʵ۹һɽƣӰվϿ֮£Ȼʺַ㣬ͬʱֵȼڰɽͷҲڣʲδرǶŮ
ַ㣬֮ذΪģΪǽ̤ĵطããأϸȥܡȥ֮֮ʶǰϥַ㻺˵
ʦҵȻףǾҪȥܣȴôףַӦʵ
Ǻã˫ŲҪ뿪棬ܣƽ˵ַͷʶͷŶŴصÿһƲ
Ƭ֮Ȼо·䶯ĸоƽȵģȴд䶯Ĵ
Ȼ䣬һΣн٣ַ͵˸ˣ͵촫һ̴ɱͬһ㡣
ˣַƶλ֮·ִһ漴оڿѣ͵ٶƿȴǹ䶯ԽԽң¡¡Ĺ֮죬һ֮ǽڶȻ֣嶼סͬʱһϸ΢Ĳϴӽ´ַٶȼ͵˸뿪ÿ뿪ɲǣ֮ɱ
ַ˵·𶼱Ƶʵļӿ죬ĸоȻԽԽҪܴɱͱҪͻԼļޣԼøӵȥܴصĲͻȻĴɱ
ûйãǧٿףַ㲻֪˶ٴδɱƬط·ĴѿַԴ׺ڷٵǿֻڱȣΣյʱǱŻἤʱôطϴַ̼㡣
֮ʺַûͣϢһʯ¡¡ַ㣬һ֮ҲϴɱʱеѣƬռ֮ƣľա
㣬ʶַãһֱڴַ㣬ŷ΢΢һЦ
һǿȻϲʦǺγˣԺǿˣһҪúñʦ𣡡Դ˵
˵ͷ漴ַָ㣬Ҳżܹлһ⣡


1483 ɽׯ
֮Ƭɽ˿ַ㰲ϥûѵľĶǣȴŴصÿһβ֮Уڴ֮ϣ·ҲΪеһ֡
¿ַվ𣬽Ųһ̤ʱسһѷ죬·Ĺɰ㣬ַ뷨ѿһ޴ĵ֡
ءأַ૵һɫתݣϣ·һصףȻٶ֮ʱֻΪɫĹ㣬ɢ
³ذ壬֮Ѿ˵ڰˣ׷˻ַаĿ⳯ɽͶȥһۣЦźʦ𣡡
Чܺãʥͨʱ䲻ˣٴȥһط쾳ǺλʦֻϡЦ˵漴Ŀ⿴ͷˣʦлܷɽиչˣҴַһǰɡ
ллǰʿĵ
߰ɣһӰŲ̤Ʋ֮УɻʹּѾ뿪ˡ
ʦȥģַվƲ֮Уʵ
ʵ۹һųУһɽׯΪɽׯɽׯһǿߣʹ֮£ɽׯУӵаڣܹǿ˶شƵĸɽׯǴҪȥĵطʻӦһ
ַ˵ͷ֮治УȻҲڳ䡣
һӰŲͬһư㣬·Կ¶˷ˡ
˵ɽׯ֮ʵ۹һңֻҵһСС
ʵ̤Сʱִ˵֮Ϊƫ˶䣬侳ǿ߶
ǿߣؾʱַ㷢ǰԶһӰϲǿϢͷţȺ֮䣬Ҳͬͨһر֮ŮǿһΪﵽء
ƺҲע⵽ַˣĿַ⳯һͶ¶˾֮ɫַΪѾǿˣʣǸ޷͸
ôôɽׯܵͣʵȴЩ˿ǵΪȻѾ²⵽ΪɽׯңǱɽׯˡ
ƺֵ꣬Ҫɽׯ֮ʵһ㣬̤ʥݣһ˻Ӧ˵ַɫһɽׯ˵ʿƺ֪һ㶼٣ϲ˶ǽӴġ
ӰȻǳһ̤ȥʱһ˱㵽һɽׯڴ֮⣬ַ·ܹܵɽׯĿ飬ؽڡ
ַ㣬طˣұ㲻ȥˣǰɣֻҪڱСʶַ΢΢һЦ漴̤գֱʧӰ
ǽȥɡַ㿴һʧʣ漴ŷŮ˵Ų̤ɽׯĴţûǡ
̤֮һȴǰһӰڿǣȻ·ļˡ
ַ㣬ɽׯһۣܷǷ㡣ַż˵һ˴ַ㣬һλЦѾãǸɡ
£˲ԶǧʱȣûʱٵȣҪʲô۵ĻλҲԿ档ַɺܿɽׯϾ֮أֿͶԷȻҪء
ɽׯʲôصĻҲԸأʦȻôȻܹ۵ģ޷ãܡ
ڣκδۣңɽׯÿͣλƽҵԻüλǰֻǽʱȷɣǼλԸĻҵȿΪλסأɽׯͣЪϢҲɡַΪɽׯҲʧ׵˵
ַĶԷĻ¶ʧ֮ɫĪĲʱ򲻳ɣ
ѣʱһֻɽׯ֮ϣһӰ˫ֻǰĿЦĿ˵ꡣ
ַعͷȥ㿴һϤӰɵ¶һĨЦ⣺֣
֣ɽׯׯʿˣ£κǰɽׯ֮ˣֻҪΪڣɽׯ֮˽룬ǰûʱ䲻֮˵ѣĮ˵ȻĻλɫ΢΢˱䣬Įɨһۡ
㵹겻ɢ˵
ַü˵ĻģȻɽׯȣκ˽ڣΪЩɽׯҪֹ
£ô˵ҵĲʱֻǸ¹ѣַĿ⿴ǰ꣬ʵһĨ⣬ղſԷΪʱɣ˵ƺô¡
˵˲ʱ㲻ʱ򣬼λذɣĮ˵лͣҴ֮Ҳôˣһס
ַɫһĿⶸȻ
֣Ƿ֪һ£ַͷʵ
һǰһ˽ɽׯһַӦҲǰһμӾ磬ǵ֮ƺõɽׯ֮һҲǴɽׯлκ˽ˣǲʱԭǣЩˣƺԸ˴ֻܹڡ
˵ַʵʹߴһ֮ˣ
Ц
ô˵ʱԣֻɽׯЩ˲ôǣǣַ¶Цһ˵֮лͣ¢ϣл̤㡣
ƺģЦŵͷ
ַĿ⻺תٴοǰɽׯ֮ˣôׯǰָ𣿡
ɽׯ֮ʿɽׯ֮£Ȼ֪ΨЩΪΪ
˵𣿡Ϊ¶Цַ˵˵ˣʦ𲻹ɽׯ֮£һڣɽׯлͣλ㣡
˵ָ棬ͣ


1484 ֮
ҵǧǰڣһ仰˵߱ߣַĽŲǰ̤ĿɽׯκεĹ涨ΪͣԲ̫񣬶أ㻨ѺֻܴۣҪܳܣһԸ⣬˿̵ⲻɽׯĹ涨ǰЩǡ
Щ̤֮󣬱㽫˶⣬Щɽׯ֮˷ڷЩˡ
ѵҪɽׯɣΪЦ֮ǰѾɽׯˣҵȲδΣȥǲ֪ôٴɽׯݹҲ
ûʲôԡһλŮɨ˷ͷһۣʦַǿŮòŶַ˿ЩôõƢŮòһƵĲ졣
ԼʶȤ㣬αֿԣʱ߶߲ˣŮĮ˵ɽׯӵгȻλ˭ɽׯҪǿͿǿ߼ˣءؾǿ߶˾ռߣַΪ۷壬ͷȻ̫⡣
ַǰׯһַۣŲǰ̤ʣŰɢȥвټɽׯ˶ܹ
ַǰ֮˼ַ㲻δ뿪ǰƮϢǿӲɽׯ
ˣһλŲַ̤ʱݣΧȫ֮ǰѹȶȥһεĿ֮𣬴ſռ䶼֮
ؾ磬ȴЮٱ֮شƣƾԳͨأַܵԷа⣬صܻ꣬ңɽׯУȻбǿˣνԻѹߣȷʱѹ顣
ʿ˶в٣ʣַ֪Сбһλǿߣӵڣɽׯ֮˸óش֮λʿʣΪǲģɽׯܲ죬ȻҲʿɽׯׯйأκܽڣһҲûнڶԸˡ
ˣַϣͬһش֮ȻڣƷͶԷһﵽٱ֮ƣһ̣֮У·һƬײƬնýϢ֮С
ٱ֮ƣվµһӰüͷһַ㾹ȻҲӵаٱ֮ƣؾ磬ܹشƣܿɹ󣬱Ͼǿ߸׷幥Լǿ˶ֱӽΪ۷壬ſʼרشƣɽׯȴߵĽȻ෴ĵ·شƣϴ뾳ศɡ
ַΪأҲǳɽׯȴаٱ֮ƣǸе졣
ַ֮ɫһɴ֮൱ַľǿȵѹһˡ
ٱشƣҹ֮ܽ뵽Уʹùͨ౶һսʤַǿţŲݺһ̤·ͬһ㣬˫Ⱥ㣬̤أضȻ˺ѿ
ַ㸺ֶ۹ƮӰƮȻ޶ԣŲٶ̤֮ʱط·һɹɺ֮öԷоĲȡ
ѣַĽŲȻ̤һտѣԷŲ̧̤µһ˲䣬ȴ̤ѷ֮ϣһжʱһɾκ˳ϣҪ
ȥַôƵᣬٶһ̤¡һ죬ˣѪ䡣
һӰգ˵ס漴ڵأĿĮĿ̤ǰַӰ
Ȼӵаٱ֮ƣɻûʸɽׯҰ츳˿ʦܵǸ׼صǿַ߽˵ʦܷɨַ㣬һĨư֮ʦϲַǸַһҪôվŽſųȥ
ˣһϢѹ壬û˻ӦĻΨй֮
֮顢ҲŹ⻪һŲַȥʱǹ֮·һɹ˳µ˼£ѹһͨǿϢ
ڣңҲˣ̤شƻ۵һֲ֮ٱĴ֮
ÿ£ַܵѹ·֮У޷԰֮У˫֮УȴԾ˷֮⣬һҪڣΪأܽشٱǿԷ֮¡
ģַһâЦشֻһԷѵΪӵٱشƾӵһвɣ
ͣ͡һ˺֮пռ翡зѡдصĺء
Ȼ֮䣬ƶУǿֲ֮УַĻӰ
һ֪νƣ˵ӰͬʱȻһ̣㿴һӰֲĵӰַ㱾ˡ
¡շ֮һ·Ҫݰ㣬ֲĺѹ̧ͷɫ԰ףִټҪƶȴ屻һѹѹȵ޷ҡ
žһ촫Ȼ֮䣬ֲشƷ·̼ɢصǿˤڵϣϳһָӡֻۣʱĿ͸Ȼ֮⣬վǰӰ
֮飬ҲŹ⻪ַĮĿŵϵӰԷĻ˶ԷҸ˵˵ɣ
ͷ΢΢鴤ѾղŻ԰ޱȵֱһڵϣܴ裬ٱشƣסԷ
ͬҲɫӲѿ·ÿ˶ַһĶ⡣
ҲͬʱյĽŲֻԶһӰΪ֮һȹٻӰȴŵĸ߰һƺ⣬ܸһӰ첽һ˶


1485 ǿ
ɽׯ£ŮɫɨַһۣĮһ
ַ㣬ЯλѣɽׯһַۣŲǰ̤ȣư㷭ͣ
һۻµģһŮӰ˵ŲȻ䳯ַ̤ȥ˲ϢһȭһȭЮٱش֮Уռ䶼֮׵㣬ȭһ֪жວˡ
ַŲһ̤ɱ¾ħȭЮֲ֮͸Ų֮⣬ֲħȭᴩգкͶԷȭײ¡¡ը֮еĿռ·ڱµ˺Ѿ磬
ƣַһȣɱ¾ħȭħ֮ΪԵ벻ʹ࣬Ҫһ
˫ȭײŮȭӰɢ˳ȥһѪ
Ϊ׵Ůӿַһۣ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ΪأɽׯӦҲֲʵˡַɨһŮӣ漴ħƵзڣ֮Юڹħ֮Уһǰ̤ȥÿ̤һضһĽӡĲ·뵽˵£ǹԽԽǿӭһӰ
ŵļһȺɫĮ˲ǰһôǿߣɽׯ֪˶꣬ǿ̬ȣǵȴǿÿ£κһҪû˸ɽׯҰֱһǰһλɽׯһΪɽׯϿͣ˽ڡ
ƺ˸Ҷɽׯǰ֮˱֮ƺԶˣֻǾϱࡣ
һɹɺ嫴ַ㣬ɽׯǿߣԽش֮ʱַԵһٶһٱĴƣɴͬʱŵʱսѹȿ֮С
ͣһ㺮أַŲЮƣ˫ȴ˫ն֮ʱ貵ɲǷǹɹĴƶն·Ӳơ
ȻǲýұԼȥңַҲͬһذʹ͸һɺ֮У̩ɽǿԿȻ
ҷ˺ɱشƵĹȭ⣬ɽׯ˶شƵ˻ľܼǵĹֶȴ࣬ƺ򵥵ĺܡ
â˸ַгһ󸫣ֲĴذ󸫽һ漴ַ˫͵ĺĶһ죬µ˵ϣʱ˳ȥڸشײڳȵʯ֮ϣȶ
ֳִַ󸫣ֽâ֣޾âţиգǰԶļ̤˫ħ֮ͫоǿ֮⡣
һ˴ַħͫʱֻоһɿֲħ͸ԺҪ־
ַŲ̤ͬʱһȣϢйֲȴȻϣ͸ղŵӰһķ˳ȥ
һ֣ɫһû뵽ַ㾹˵Ŀ񱩣ŮƸǿѹַ㣬ĽŲһַ̤ȥѹȵַ嶼Ҫ¡
ǲ֪սѾˣַͫڣֱԷԺУڵħͫɨȺ֮ʱһоľַ㲢δԣս֣Ѿмˡ
䣡ַ赲סԼ˵壬ǿ̤һ֣ǰŮӣַͫ׵ɲǣʱݵĴشǿϾΪ粻ߣֻؾսħӵлٶȡ֮棬ɱַ׷ɱüΪǱΪȻǿȴܲ
ַһ³ʱŮӸоµʼٿ˫ͫףǾ޷԰Σ·˿ֻҪַһͷҪ
ˣֱַ֣ӽʺסֱ͵һ˦ȵ
ǣŮӵײʯ֮ϣʱʯѺۣŮ˳ʯڵϣ۵һѪûԵøĲ԰ס
ͷվ󣬿ַԵĹ¶ɫһðԵ
㣬ַʵ¶Ҫ޵Ĳ˰ɡ˸ţַıӰ
ǣַԵħȭһϣ˺屬ˣһѹַϵƣԽԽ޷ֵסĽŲˡ
ַ̤أȵѣһֲƣ֮Ϣʣļˣһɫ
硢شƣǳɻʵıȻǼศɣǿֻƶһԣǿ߱ԵòһͬЩַһ濪˵Щ˶شƵ򶼺ܿ£ڷղǵǷǳȷģΪǼԱǿ˶ܹսʤ
Ȼʱַݿ࣬ȴַԼˣֻشƣַͬһóذˣͻԵúַܴҪɱ֣ЩѾˡ
ܿ죬ЩַԿȫȥһɫ԰ףĶַ㡣
ǸǲʣֻԼȥˣַĮĿɨһ۵ϵӰ漴عͷŷǽȥɣ
վںϵЦ£漴Ҳַһ˳ų߽ȥⳤȺַܳţͼһ˸ϳȥ
ǰҪ赲ַ㣬ַֻǻȻǿ룬ϳǰڣַһ֮أһ޴Ŀյأǰм⻬ϴɽ壬һɽϿգȻبһǵʯڣһɹ֮Ӱǵʯڹ˳·ɽΧ֮ضȥַվԶܹܵһƣصƣ
ڣַ㿴֮أ·죬ǰֻ±һ
˿ǰĿյ֮ϣѾһЩӰǣŮΪ㶼ǿ󣬱ַ֮˶ҪǿһЩַЩʹߴһмˡ
̸ļӰӦɽׯˣһΪǿʢĶؾ磬ǿһһλŮˣŮˣĸʸ߹Ϊء
ǵȻҲַ㣬ַ̤ʱǵĿ㶼һַϣ


1486 
㣡һλ꿴ַϼַսȻƫսȴȻǿھ磬ɱһصǿߣΪˣңַڰ˻ľҲӵкܴ
ַ㿴һ˵֮ˣʥˣ˵ûƺȷΪǣɽׯлͣڡ
ʲôˣصŮӴַһۣһΪôǿܹսȻΪѾȷ˵ʱɽׯܾ˽ˣ˲ܲ˵Ļ
ַ㣬ҲӦ˵ŶԣƺСĿ⿴ˣǳЦ˵ƽ
ַ㣡ʱһλɽׯ˻ľַ㣬ȷСǶ֣ڻ֮Լƺɱ˺üλãɱ沢ȫˣ
Ҳ˵û뵽ؾΪһΪˣսǷǳŮ΢΢ͷ
ַվû˵һӰƵ̸ԼƽУƺܹܵǵİ⡣
ӦΪڶСδһλʥݵЦʵ
أŮʵ
ֻδڵһЩʱգȹֳ˲źãɲôϲ˴Ц̸Ц·㽫¾
Ů΢΢ͷ漴Ŀ⿴ַ㣬Ҳˣʱ䲢ôɣԸ
ɽׯǺӵУʱǰŮʵ
Ȼʦ𣡡˵ĿһۣӦ˵
ɽׯׯǷ涨ǰɽׯڣԿɳȫʡ
ǣŮٴεͷͬ˵Ļ
ȻˣǿͣǰڣƾʲôΪһ棬ܾ̤룿һĨħ⣬ЩҲһֱһɵŭ⣬˵Ϳܲˬڰ˻ģûִܵ
ƾ˱ǿˣҲͬǿŮʼնôƽĻδɫй
ɫ΢΢һͣһħ͸ͫ׶ڴʱַ㿴һۣʵһţҪڣǷֱӲűˣ
ƺ£漴ַͷ
ȻˣǰɽׯĹ涨ֱӽУڣǷ͹ˣַٵڵħ֮ͫ¶һĨЦ⣬ͷǵģ
Ǻαػϻַ¶һĨõЦ⣬漴ַ̧ŲƹǰһӰԶ֮ȥֱѡǰȺӣȻЩôαҪ̫أǲǸԼҲʹ
һжԻӰһĻɫһͣ໥һۣ˵ж⣬ֱӵĸоĺܲãƺˣղǻַˣͬԼ֮£ǲŻоʹ졣
ΪǱһԽַ㣬ַַ䶯Ĵ£ɽׯ˶ԣǴԼ˲෴Ҳÿһʱջȥ֮ˣͬ磬޷棻ǼʥݵǱʶеԽиǴʥݶȺǶԣĳ˵Ǿ֮ܡ
Ȼֻʥݵһ˶ѣ˶ӵԽУַڼ췲ʱ򣬶Էûиָо췲һȭ衣
ŮӿַĶͳ³һƺֻʱһ̬ŭ档
һӰվŲһ̤֮У漴ַѹȶ£Ȼ֮䣬һ֮ƽַϣɴٱĴ֮ǿϢĵزַĽŲͣ£·ֹͣˣԵϺħɫѿЩ˰ȷаʸ񣬷ǳΪأټٱĴֱ֮ѹ϶·ܽѹ
ͷѹ޷ϢŲٺˣ·嶼Ҫѹñѵַ㵲ǰе˾󲿷ֵĴѹȣǿ»ֱӱѹˡ
ַŲ΢жȻһֲ⣬͸Էͫ˲ϢϮֻ֮Էڣ֣ᡣ
ַһ̤˫ȭ񱩺ɱԷΪܵʴƼɱ¾ħȭ͸ƣպڶԷϣ˵óշȥԷȴ¶һĨҵɫղֱĸоΪԼҪˡ
ַ㿴δٿһۣŲǰ̤Ƶ·ַ֣֮Ѿܿˣ˰֮ں϶ɵǺˣص˱ʴĻᱻɱ
һΣҲ飡ַ㵭Į³ʹһǿɫһַ׼һλƿٱشƵؾǿߣʢ֮ʿսȻǿᣬԵһС
ղܹأصΣգЩа⣬Ҫַ㣬ȴй˼ɣڣǶݵԥʱַ̣Ѿߵʯǰ
ˣŮվӰ˸Ȼ䳯ʯǰַȥһ̱ȸղŸӿµشƽַϣٱĴƣټؾַѹȵ͵ĺʯ֮ϡ
صľ磬ٱشƣǿκ֮˸еĲˡ
ַŭһ˳ĽŲݺݵһ̤棬رѳһѷ죬֮ͬʱնɱնգͬʱһֱֻ͵ĺʯ֮ϣʱ¡¡Ĺ֮ʯſַ㿪ڵȥ
桢Լ˸룬̼̤ʯ֮Уַӱ䣬Է˫һӶ콣âնϴƣŶԷɱȥԼֱӲʯ棬üͶԷˡ
̤ʯŵɲǣַĸܵһƴ֮ϣ̧ͷַֻǸϿյİڣ·һޱȵϴ£һƵĲƣѹϡ
һƴĲۿɼ·شƱʵʻˣһĴϷÿһ缡
ڣȻشƴʵʣ֮ȥܣȥ򣡡ַаʯڣνһˣѹʥݵ˶ơ
ǰʯڵ֮أȻһӰϥֲͬƵʵĴƲͷ·һƹⲨһѤʹһֱдߣͣϢ


1487 츳
꣡ʯŵĿٶȴַعͷ㿴òŮӾҲ˽ַ㣬һ֮⡣
ŮӲûжֵ˼֮УҲ㶯֡
Ȼһ֮õĴ֪֮ʲô̶ȣŮӿϥڰ֮Уаţ漴Ҳߵһ·ϥĸ֮ɶ
ַҲʼƬռ䣬͸ŶĿĹ⻪һشƲÿһ˵ϡ
ƬڵĴ֮ɶӦñڰٱشѹ޷̫ѹַƽվǣ漴ת˷һۣͷ΢ЩλŮȴЩ˷֮⣬ǷһһģһƴƲϸ۲˼֡
ش֮ȷ֮Ҫ̫ˡַţشƣѶ̫ˣȫƾȥأƬռ䣬Ĵɶܣֱȥܡȥ
̧Ųַߵڶ֮£Ȼ䣬ĽŲ·ø
ٱַɫһϿոİڣÿһڴµĴ֮Ȼǲһģ档
һƴɶַÿһ缡ϸÿһϸ·ܹ֮ܵٱĴ֮ÿһѪѭֹ
㣬ȥܳʱĻҵĽѪ»ܲסѹñѣ»𡣡󣬷ַĵ˵ͷִɶ弡Ѫ֮УǿʵٱĴ֮£ѾܵǽӲѪ·Ҫѹ塢ѹñѡ
ѹɽׯ˴֮ǵȳ̶ˡַаֻصǿߣʵӵѶԸˣԷĽѹ壬ŮӸˣٱƣֱӽѹȵײʯϣɽׯ߳ȥڰ˻ľһˡ
λãǶٱĴַ֮㿴һеֲ꣬ͬɶĴ֮תϣ˰ֲͬĴַ֮ȻҲ֮֮ˣʱδԷĲΪ
ٱĴ֮Ӧûܹܵģַţ˵֮£ͬ²һڣӵٱĴɶϵķļת塣
ַϥʼ񰲾ܣ̤ڿռ֮бѾףʱڣ᲻뿪ˣȥֱ֮Ӹ쾳ǣʦԼλʦֵܵԼɡ
ͷԼҲԼڵһ֮£ڵڶ֮¡
ʱĹȥտʼãǽһʱַ͸оԼѪǶǴƹᴩ֮ʱ·ѪⶼҪѵһѹȵϢĸоѪϢ
ʱַ֮ϣѾˮմѹ̫ǿˣĺ΢΢ЩͷλŮ˿Ҳ㺹죬ûкַһ˰ٱĴƣǴͷʼȻѹܴ
ңַ廹Ǳ֮Ÿģأ֮ѹͬʱҲ·͸ڣڲ֪иͬһ֮ѹ
徭ϵѹȡӦ죬ѭַ㽥ӿʼĲӦգַÿһǼ·һÿһϸ·𶼻ԾһƵʵʴɶҲ΢˿˿
·𳹵׵ɴɶУЭ˳ˮ齻ڡ
ȻʱѾʱȥˣ磬һ£һ꣬һĻ򣬵ַ֮ʱ³һϢϢ·֮һǰ
ַ΢΢˶ʱ첻ϣƹ䶯
ɲܹ֮Ƶ򣬻ܴϣж֮ƵĹЧַ͸һĨâ̧ͷһ۰ڣɽׯׯˣĵӣȵ£κͨ°빦ӵЧͨ˵츳Ҫǿ̫ࡣ
ӦÿİٱĴѹˣַа漴֮£Ȼ֮䣬ѹٶȱǿɶֲһˣѹҲӵѸַͣԱøӵĳ
£ֱַӿʼԼһεĸ򣬲˷˿ʱ䡣
ַڣٱѹȡ
ַ㵽ڣٱѹ嶼·Ҫѹһͣʱ䣬ܹȫӦٶڡ
ַڵ֮ͣʱ侹Ȼһʱˣûмݼӣֻͣʱ䡣
ڰڣֻص˵һԣǳʻεģ֮һڵĴ֮˿̲֪ǿʢ˶٣˰ٱĴ֮Խ˻ѹַѭ򽥽ĴƵĸҲԽԽ˻ܳܣɱѹֱ˵ϣ嶼΢΢Щͣɶ̫ˣƵʼߣϵĹ£
֮£ŮӵȻַǰ˵ڰڣһȷɫ
һӵһڵڰڣȻֻ˶ʮʱ䲻˿ûгܲסҪȥļ󣬱ȹٶȻҪ¡
֪شƵʲôءŮţ򵽵شܹܵشǲͬַ˿ܹܵڰӵа˰ٱ֮ƣĻֱˡ
վŮƿʯţ߳Ƭڿռ䣬ɽׯ꣬ڶЧѾûôˣһ֮ƣЧõģ˷һˣȫԸԼܺ򣬶֮ЧὥļɱҪ̫ࡣ
һһֱߵУڻ򣬶ַ㣬ƺҪΪ̹֮ڶˣһνҲֱӴӵһֱߵ˰С
ŮӶַĿȻĸı䣬Ǹӵмɽׯ츳𺳡


1488 
ʯ棬ͷһڼǰˣߵ˵ڣ˼޷סò̤
ЩʥݵǶ˲Զż̸Ĺַ㣬ôˣȻУÿ£Ҳͼ˶ʮգߵ˵ߵڣ㲻ò˳Ļᱻǹɴѹ壬޷ǹ֮ɴ߳ȻⷳҼ䣬Ӱ
һʱգٵ澲ᣬܹͬо־
Ҳôãʱһ꿪ڵָȻַˡ
Ŷʮղ˵ʲôǲҲ˶ʮ𣡡һƽĿڵ
Ҳԣλ˵ǲΪǿҲôã츳ҪˡЩ˿ʼעͷ֮˭ΪصĶ䣬£֮⣬֮䣬ˣȻϲˣ˿̣λɫǰЩȻע
ǰ˻ľĴŮ֮һһϮ泤۽Ĺյüջף覴ã̲סҪһ׷󣬷ͤͤûзôȴϸ롣
ѵҪ˱ؼҲɡһЦ˵
ʼ磬ûб˶ĻȢΪӣҲһ׮¡
д뷨ҲҪʱԸ񣡡һϷԵǱΪĿɨһ۷ͷЦһԽûһ𱧻أһ׮£λ˲֪Σ
Ľëһ˿ŭ⣬ҪڣȴסЦǸö˶ˣ
𣿡һƷâ·һǿʢϢѹ˷Ůϣ÷ëӵĲãЩ˺òҪԼʵǿһЩԴᱡͽ㡣
ǵģղ㲻ҲսʤĻǽõǿԿһ¸㣡ͷĮȴɴһ˿ǳЦ˿ǽһȺʲôͻĻǳֻܽƵַϣ浹ţַսԿһ
Ǻǣλɶˣ׿ڴӦҵģɵˡһ⣬Цû뵽лҵһԽûǲ
ֵǸԺͬߣø˶ᱡЦƸĳ죬һЩƯǷŭ֮⣬ȭ޲Ǽһ
ʱ仺Ĺȥתۼ䣬ַ̤ѾһˣһգɽׯϿշӰ̤ƲһһߣƮżɷǣʿ֮Ʋ֮ϣƵǧ硣
һλ꣬ܿ꣬޳ɫ׿ֶ֮ƣҲһмƮȻ֮ʡ
ʦˣʱɽׯ̧ͷ½ӰĿ¶һĨϲɫ
ʦСʦܳȥ£ʱһ֮ãֻɽׯˡ
ʯ֮⣬ɽׯŮվеӰڿնЦʦСʦܣǿڻˣ
ʦ㣬ղԽòЦ˵
컬࣬һʦ£ΪȻؾ磬ĺÿ죬Ҵ֮¶ڴʦ֮˰ɡŮ˸Ű
ʦĹͣΪⲻФӣʦǴ˲յء꿴˵Ŀ¶ɫǻڴǰԲ֪ƫԶ֮ػִ״֮أǿ߶ܹвȻеĻҲľġ
ҲȫΪ㣬ʦΪһľ磬óȥˣվǾ֮ܶѡЦ˵Ӱ˿Ѿڵϡ
㣬ǿߣЩľɽׯׯȻʣңо仰̫˵оɲ⣬ʦҪ
šȻҲܵˡ
ʱߵĿҲŷͷеĵЦ޷ĺøС
Ѿͷúǰ;Ц˵漴ֿһʥݵһ꣬ü΢һɫһ
ϴǦӦǳ˸ĵҩѪһ壬Ǳߵ˰ɡǳЦ˵ʱһŵһɫһ۾ܹǵĸ־磬ÿ£Բܸſ
ǵ嶼վǿߣӦõõأǱߵˡ
֮ѵȻɽׯҲô͵͵ЦЦ漴Ŀ⿴ʯڣ滹𣿡
ˣһҲǱˣ˺λŮһģʦҪҪȥɽׯŮӻӦ
ãҿȥһʯŷ·п˽Ų̤Уʯűбպϣ漴㿴Ȼˣһڵʯ֮£ϳž޴ѹˮ죬ˣȻԶڰڽ֮أֲͬɶشƹᴩǵ壬ֹ˻Ȼδϥһж޷ŵǡ
˵ڱ˱䣬¶һĨɫ漴תȻ˳ȥЦܲ
ʦƺΪˡЦ
ˣ츳һ㲻ţЦ˵ԵŮɫһ㶣Сʦܵ츳ģǶԴ֮ƿأĪ棬˶ʦΪš
ǹ֮⣬ѵҲǣ
ˣһΣһ֮ʯдֻ֮ϣ·һֲĴƲ͸Ⱥһ
ȻƺڣŮӻȻתʯŷ漴˵첻Ⱥ֮λ˳òɢ
Ƭ̣ǹ֮ʯſӰ߳ϣ͸ſƣϵײм·һ֮ѹ񷣬ȺٶһǷ·֪γֵģ
ôܣŮɫӲЩģַһûһʱ䣬ֻȥһΣ֮֮ѾԽܵĳ츳ôƯԵЩӲ
ţ˿ַ̣ȴԵİĿײһĿķâǵͫ׵ŶŮٶһôһ£


1489 ƽʥ
ַǰ껺Է֮䣬һȴƴŶйŭХ֮ײ
ƣܽɽѹ壬ȴѹǿߵļʱַԼ϶͸ſֲƣԷ֮з·һƳ˳֣ƻ쫷תݣǵ򽥽Ŀ
䣡һ˼ͬʱȭ͵ĺͶԷ֮ȭײһûйͨΨдײһȭôƶϣ񱩲ݣ˵˫ȭȴ·һ漴ǵУ¶˲Ц⡣
һΪԽأˬЦŰ׿͸һĨ֮⡣
ںʧ𣡡ַЦ
ôᣬҲжҲͬЦһ漴ǹɴ̼ɢΣӵЦ
һĻǵԱ֮˶סˣǰŮʦ㣬СʦܾȻⴳɽׯϵã
˵ҲһĨɫﾹȻʶҹϵƺǳã⵹ǲ
ַ㣬ʦҲɽׯׯû뵽㾹ȻƷַ˵
ַ̨㣬ׯǰַ΢΢Ƿʾ𾴡
Ӣܣֶ̨һˣʯʶǷǳοЦ˵ɽׯׯʿ֮ܶ³ţʲ£֪ġ
ԭ̨£ƷȻҲ֪ģָֻԵŮӣܵҴʦ㣬ƣ
ֵܣַ㣬һɢƷַֽ㡣
ƺַĿԣַֻǴһĨǳЦΪ˼Цַ㣬ҸǸû뵽Ƿֵܣʶ̫Ŀˣ棬ͬűһɽׯ
ʳڣòѵһַ㵹ΪˣַЦƶǸˣԲܽС̫ǹģοԷƷʦ㡣
ͷʦһ컬࣬ѹλ绨ŮѣһЦʱְ֮У˱ȻƣһЦ·ĥеԹ
ַͷ˷ͷһֻۣΪΣǽë鶯Ŀﲨ۾˸ַͣ㿩Цš
СˣҺѣַЦŵ
𣬲ղλŮɲô˵ģǳЦ˵÷Ρ
ûղλ˵ֻҪʤ㣬ǱҵŮˣһֱԵ˿̲ԣַĿתֻ˫ֻǰĿ͸һĨ⣬ַ㣬λûʤַ㣬ɴߣջǲСͬʱλûһεû£붼ȻĶ
ղλҲֻǿЦѣαص档ƶ˵
ҲδЦңʱ˿ɶɨŮ
Ǻǣλ˵ȷӦ֣ҵȾͿֱ˹ˡ֮˸˵¶µɫ
ַĿ⻺תٴοͷ
ѹҺͽ㣬ᱡҺͽ㵱ȻҪ취ˣֻ㵱ơ
ַЦĿ⣬˸˵
ַ㿴ѾͷЦ£һ¡
ַ֮ˣЦ£漴ʵ˭λ˴Ӧˣ
ǺǣǶˣһüЦ⡣
䣡ַ³һʱȻϮ壬˲ȫЦ˲԰ףҡ
𶯣ַɨһˣ俪ڣʱЩ϶ϢҡϣȴûǰһֻǱַ㡣
һϻƽ֮ӵ޼᲻ݵ͸ǿʢ֮⣬һС
Ȼȴδɨһۣ֮ˣҲǸղſ˵֮ˡ
ڣֻҪһͷַܰ㵭ĮˣɫѿΪƫַ̫ǿܰΪˣǽǿ֮ԡ
սʤ͸¹ͷΣַָĿڵɫһҲͬʱַͷŵøǿϵ֮ŨҪܲӦ
ã˵ͷɫѿвŴӦҪд
˭ղſ˵ģַдһǳЦĿɨԵˣ˫֮ͫǶѡ˳Ĭ
ںһ𣬷䣬̼˵̫ˣ
ţͬղͳˡ
ߣղλΪλӦҪزҪҶ˵˰ɣַ֮ʱЦſڣȺȻ˼Ǹղ걻֣֮òӦҪһȲѣʱǵϷᱡʱͷһϢǷ浱ʱԴǻػֻһ־ˣǶ֪
ȷҪ˵˵ҪսǱɣĮ˵˿˵ʲôãΨʵ˵ˡ
ڿգƽϢ˳һϣһɫף彥ĸסͬΪ˷ַֹ֮ʴŻ˽ᶯûƽʥף
Ŀ⿴·ַ㣬ŭһʱƽ֮Ϣͬһɫһַɱȥǿޱȣƽ֮²ݣâ¶
ͷаЩʥݣ͹ΪףǶӦһЩһԲŻôǿ󣬶͹֮ˣ㲻ҺַʥݣҲ˶


1490 ̤
۷ǿɫİ·ǻƽʥһעƽʥַ΢΢ͷеǻƽʥײʥӹɣǿĹž
˿ֶ̹ĿƽĿʵΪģе࣬Ѿ㹻ǿˣԸߵľ۷֮׾٣ܹǳɻɱַҲǿղźַһ̤֮ײֱ񷣬ôתڡ
ڿգҡϣ׸߿֮أƽʥ̫ǿ޼᲻ݣսɽׯ̫ὫɽׯݻٵΪˣҪ˼ɣԭƾɽׯʿׯǿ
֮ʱһɻƽʥ֮ϴ£ֱַ㣬֮ңȴͬ߰㡣
ַһĨ콣â޷죬Ų΢΢һ̤ʱȺоԼ΢΢˲ǵȻûжƬռ䶯£һȴֱ֮ϣȾƽʥ֮⣬޷½ֺǹɿ´֮ƶϣϺˣµĴ֮ߣϣռйХ֮
δײ
͡ɻƽ֮â£ֻгһƽʥܹ˵ʹǿʢ⡣
ɱһŭ𣬻ƽʥɱ£նգ¿ַ㡣
ַŲٶһ죬ŭХһȭƿգɱ¾ħȭǹ֮УնϣռѣƽʥնĽâؼ޾Ļƽ֮ɫĽ֮Ϣ
ַһȣħ֮ԺԴһţƵħȭأɱȥȭŭХһɿȭţ·ڶ֮ɱ¾ħȭİԵ̫֮ǿӲҪݻһСɱ¾һС
ü֮ƽ֮âĿޱߣһ̫һħ֮Ӱ죬ƽʥֲ֮屬ˣڴʱַѾ֮ϣվбϿշħڣԵޱȣһС
˫ĮӵͫףĻƽ֮΢΢΢һƲַս֮ʱͱˣħİԵ֮⣬һУ۶˭۶ֶǿԶְԵ̬ħ
ԵޱȵħʵУ޷Ľ֮񣡡¿֮˿˵Ľ棬ַ㣬սǿƣ·ҪأԷ֮ز˿ַ̿ƸͣȻпΪ·ѹסַİԵ֮ơ
ƽʥ֣Ŀ⿴ַӰĮ³ӰʱϵĻƽʥǿ·һֱۣƽֱۣâɣÿһƽֱ֮ϣһƽʥ
ַ˫ſâ£ſ˫۲ϵĲʱһַǰ֮ḯࡣ
նȳƽʥ񷣬ƿգ˲Ϣǧնַ㡣
ɱ
ַŭХһ˫ŭţХ֮£ƿɱձƽʥ벻ɱ֮ѣǿµһâ۳ǿʢޱȵķâײ֮ʱм֮أ˺ѳѷ죬Ŀġ
ǼǿߣѾ伫֮أȺѷ֣ͷһѷ͸Ĳ֮Ϣ
¡һ죬ַ̤պưңͬ衣
죬ַٶȺ뵽յУ׸߿֮ϣһӰ쵽˼ĵز
ʥƲʱȺַֻӰ̤֮λã·ʥƽӡĲ͸ʥƲÿһˣѹܹﵽ˺˵ٶˡ
ڻۻƽʥȴϿնȻ䴫ֲѹַֻĲӰͷ۳ʵ֮ӰһĴ񷣬ʱӡɽ壬ɱ£ɽֲ֮عµ˼£صХ֮Ĵ̶
ŷַԴʥذɱٶȾ£ϴ䡣
ƣͷ죬ŭգƽʥʢ˥ٱˣѱַռݣַǰһˡ
˷·Ǿɽ֮УɽӲ
ַûа㲨ɰԵޱȣŲһ̤վڹŷ֮ϣ˫ͬʱӡ֮ɽ֮ϣ·ɽҪٶᣬһùŷУɽ廹Ҫء
ɽдŭХ֮޴Ĺŷ嶼Ⱦһƽ֮·Ҫƽʥɽ޼᲻ݵɽÿһ͸Ŀޱȡ
һѺ۳֣ڣı֮ɽ飬ַڿµľʯ֮С
ʱֻƽʥǿһޣ˶ʥ֮⣬֣翡
ΪɱһУ˿ɵΪȡʥ翵ȺĶĤУׯء
¿֮񰵲¶һ˿֮⣬˿˶·һʥ⣬һǺ˵ģԼʵ
䡢䡢䡭˿̣֮УһʯıѿһɹɳɽϢַǰȻ֮䣬ַǰһޱȳصľ޽ؽ޷棬һ޽޷壬ҲûоȴΪİԵпµ֮гصĴ֮
ɱ¾ħȭһȭΪɱ¾䱾ΪԵ֮ȭħͻİںϣټصĺأ·ܹϣƺͲ඼׾ٵذУյľ޽ɽڵؽ
֮ͣгһѷ죬廯һʥ⣬յʥ⡣
ַĽŲ̤գֲ֮£ض漴巭ɽľ޽ǵɱȥ
ֲĻƽʥ⼸ڵ˵ߣҵ۾޷ս֮ȴѹÿһ˵ͷǹɳأӶ
䣡һɳ֮ȺĶĤУ漴Ⱥֻ屻һ£Ļƽʥѿҡ
ַһ̤̤ͷϣ漴˵ϳַ̤壬Żƽʥµ̤صס
ÿ£Ⱥһˣַ̤
ʱХŲʣ˫ַ㣬ŭȵԴʥôܻܣõʲôͨ
ַ㸩Ŀ䣬Цʥ
ҵÿһΪԴַӵĿ̤ţ


1491 Ϣ
ַ̤ڵص׵ɫɫӲÿһΪԴ
Ⱥ·ܹõ˿ѿͳ裬ΪԼԴǿĹ֮ͨʥһ츳׵֣Ȼ˿ַҵÿһԴַǰʸΪԴһƵĹ֮԰
Ҳ֮ͨһݺݵļ̤š
ɱŭХһһƣһĿȻɱַ˲Ϣڿգ֮ӿɱâ
ˣ˻ҪײһȻ䴫֮䣬ֱַ𶼸ܵһ޷ܵϣ̼֮ͣС
ַĿ΢΢ת漴㿴ɽׯׯ¶ǳЦѵҪͷҵɽׯٵ𣡡
ַɨһ¿գݣѣ෿Ѿ˷ƬɫΪΣЦǰĪ֣
Ц£ַ㽫ϢĮɨһֻۣʱͷ߻ƽʥǿޱȣĿ͸ŨŨս档
ֱַ˸仯һӰٵ֮ϡ
ɫѿӣоܵӣַ㣬ûнС
ַǸղű֮ǰ֮ʱͷ΢΢£Ŀַӡ
ѾλŮ£Ǹַƽȴͬһ磬ʹ嶼΢΢˲¹򣬵Ǹ
ֻ죬ɫ͸Ų԰֮⡣
ң͸ŶĿ⣬ַ㡣
㻹ʸ񿪿𣡡ַħͫɨϣ˵
˴ˣʱĴһĨϣʵǿֻҪΪͷӦѹסַ㡣
ҲΪʤһŹҵλѣַڵͫɨ˹һۣȻˣ͸б۵ľҲ˵Ρ
ڣȥµǸַٶɨղֶ֮꣬Է塣
ַıӰ¶һĨм֮⣬ַΪǽϣղǱȺѹȣᱡûʲôʵʽվǶϵһӣ˿ַˣΪһӡ
תȻ֮Ȼøǿ֮ʴһİ룬ɫΪ֮ɫʱ岻ĲĸоףҲûãԸΪ֣ǿַܻ㣬ǣȴ赲ַɱ
ַͫףĽŲ̧𣬻˷ͷ
һ죬Ⱥ˹˵ϣŷͷ½ﲻλСˡ
һɨһۣЩһûһøС
³һ̧ͷվ¶˫ȭգһĨɱ
ˣ֮ٴν٣ɫˣתַ㣬
ڤ粻飬·ɱַһ³ĹԷ嵱Уͬʱ΢ֱ۶ȻڶԷϣɫĻȼ˲Ϣʬ嶼ȼա
ùϵļһȺַϣ¶һĨ֮ɫͷΪ⣬Ȼǲа
Ʒ˫峺һĨɫַһȻøͣɱˡ
ϵĻƽʥǿʢޣˣȴַ㵱˵ɱ顣
ַ㵱ȻܵϢ֮ʱ˵֪лٶͷһƵ⣬Ҳս
ַղžɱͷĸܵڶԷϣһɻ֮͸ŷϢǿҪɱºѣҹǿл壬ûУʥݣЩݵˣʹߴ˲ƽһһ궼ǶΪ׵ġ
ȻɱܻвԼַ㲻ûκ壬սȫԷ
ȻַĻĿһϵȷл壬Լ޷߶ֻΣ֮ʱܹΪв
ַ㡣ʱɽׯΧȣһƮַĿ⳯Ǳȥ漴¶һЦ⣬а죬ôˣ
ַ㣬ʦ֪ͨǣԼʱ͵ص㶼ıˣʱƳٵһº󣬵ص㣬ģɽаַ㴫˵ַȻһâص㣬ɽ
֮أһλ󣬶һΪ񱤡
ɽ񱤣˵Ͻأ񱤲֮ңص㶨ɽò˵Ƿ
аĿⲻ俴˷ͷһۣ¶һĨɫ漴ַ㣬˻ľøӵˣ߱ͬ˸ǵļƻʶɱܷɽʣѾ쾳ַ̨ҲѾˡ
ܷɽַſºâһλ䣬͸뵽ģ߱ͬɱʧ֮󣬲ܾʹ˷ȻǷ˼ƻһ¶
ܷʲûȥģĲܷɽǰȴû뵽ѣܷҲһ֣ͷиʣΪıǷ߱ͬˡ
ַûȥͷϢ֪öοڡ
аĪ֪ͨϢ֮ĿһƬռȺ漴Ŀɽׯׯͣ£΢΢Ƿǰɽׯׯˣҵʦλׯʺã
ʦʺãׯЦŵͷ͸ƮȻ֮⡣
һ˹֣漴ׯˣҶ˸ǣ
˵գ˶ַ΢΢ͷ̧ŲƮȻȥ
쾳ǶǷǳȫʦֲŻа֪ͨҡַаһ˸һʱڣȡ˿ֲЧûذ˻ˣʥݵͨҲټ߱ͬ˽֣˻ĶѪȷɣ


1492 
ַ㲢ûиаĪһȥһʱ䣬аĪҲԼ飬Ҫǰ
̨һʮ״ӶѾɳһ̶ȣֻҪ̫ǿˣʲôΣˣ˻ľģһЩ֮⣬ǼԺߡ
Ҳȥˡַ漴Ŀ⿴ƷЦĪϧǲ칬ٹϧִ٣ڰ˻ģҪʹһ֮кδ㡣
һƷЦ˵ַһâӶЦ
â˸ַгּԪҾƣӸƷֵܣҵľƣմʥݣٻᣡ
һģƷôЦ֮ʱĺÿĪϧַͬʱһ飬ݣŮ˷ˡ
ˡַƷͷ漴ׯֵǰַǣ
ءׯɿ·˭ˣַߵͷǰһʱ޽֣һ̤˾޽ƿ֮ϣת˲ʧûȥ뿪ΣƽʥҲʧӶַȥķɱ
û뵽֮ܵܣӵлַ㻹նȫܹǿŵļһɱģɱϵԸԼвħбΪҽǺܺõӡ
лᣬҪâ¶
ƿַʧӰ˵ĸоַĳ֣зǳĳģɽׯڱСǵУǿĽɽׯƾ豾츳ǿ󣬶֮ǲô̫۵ģͬʼַһҲΪɽׯڴˣԼûпжŻЩԸֻ֪ʿųͬӢܲ
Զ޽ڹƿ֮Уַھ޽֮ϣǰλˣЦĶַ㣬һԣҲһĨ΢Ц
ǵƺȴַдģǰʱռ桢ܷദ֮кĸ飬ͬүүŮһʦͽҲͬˣǻ˵ǿ֮Ҫʦ𣬵ʦȴȻַ֪㲻֪οڡ
ˣ˳ȻɡַаŮϹŵЦݣʵڲڴ˿̴ʹǵģѡ˲ԡ
ŭХľ޽ǳʵ۹ɳ۶ȥҪذ˻ľȻռսͨĽݾ

֮󣬰˻ľϻĵƺַڶ̤ƬˣǵһֱӳڣѩĹ뷿г֣˲Сĺ䶯
һΣֵַĵطȴǻɽϡ
ͷսͨʱҪǰܷɽܷʱ߱ͬɱܷɽ֪ʲôַ㵱ȻҪֹǣջǽʵǣŮַеҪǿֻûЦˣϲ˵ķóĬ
ַ㽨ͨɽĳȻϻģٴܷ̽ɽϢͷûоַܾ飬ǵȻַΪǺãַչˣǶǷǳмġ
ɽ׻Ϊ׻Ҳ䣬øڽɢɽ֮κöЩʱ죬Ϊ˻ĹУ֪ڻδɽ
ɽػͨڵǿַ֣δַκ̤ɽһƬƬ·ԡڻ֮УƬɽҲӡͨޱߡ
˻ڣֻЩַ㼸ڿգŻɽĵż߶δַ㼸̫ע⣬ǵɫпԿԵЩĲɣή٣׻ɣɽΣ֮ػܱ֮ɽһʱܱһû»ʵɽӰ˻ĳҾҲһȣܷɽǺܺõӡ
֪Ǽһôˡַаϴ׻ʻ壬ַ徭Ϊػ淨ϴ̤֮أǿʢ£Ҳܵ׻֮Իɽһ֮ͬ⡣
顢顭һƻ汬Ƶ촫ַĿ⳯Żɽ淽ȥֻһ֮ʣͬǻɽ緢㣬ĳҽ֮𽫰춼ȼѪ졣
ѵɣȻôĶַаţһƱƳĻ棬Ľ춼ȼƬɽȫǻĻɽ
Ƭַ̣عĿ⣬ŷͷ߰ɣ
ǴеĿģǴ̽һܷɽʲô
ͷͷӰ̤նУڻƲ֮ȥ޽ŭХûйƬ̣˱㵽˼֮⣬̤˻ɽĸ֮ء
¡һ죬·ض£ַ㡢ͷĶ΢΢˲ĲԲңԶ֮أ˵ĶŲ£һ̣ط·Ļ¡
ַ˻ȻתĿ⣬ŻɽңȥֻĻĽ춼ͱˣǻħƴ죬֮ϳһѷ죬УµĻ£û뵽Ƭ渲ǵɽ棬ĿĻϼ·ɽˡ
һַ̣㣬ɽ̧ͷƬɽͷݺݵĲţЩ˵з֮ɫ
ϻ֮أ޾ʱͬʱͷңɽ򣬿ǵƿĻ֮⡣
ڣƮȻվ֮ϣ˻ɽȻĿһĮ֮⡣
˭³һ⣬Ǹڣûô죬򻹲Զˡ
ɽ⣬ַǵڶοĹһƳ֮һΣǻ棬Ӧ˵ǻ죬֮ϣ֮͸죬ڻɽǣ֮淨
ַһο龰Ҳζʲô˳ɻʣ͵һ뷨˭̤˻ʾ
ڻ֮ʣ׻ɽУ˵ٻλ
ϻģӰƿճŻɽ磬ĵȻڵˣûնѡ̤սͨȻ׼ֱ̤ɽ̫ͨࡣ
ǻȥַ㿪˵ͷȥٶ̤˻ɽ˭ɻʣ
ûйƬ̣ϢֱӴ˰˻ľڻ˶̤սͨ׼ɽ


1493 ׵۳ɻ
ɽ챻ƣ취֮ᴩɽ֮УһӰɽܱ֮ء
ʦֺɽѵɻˣȺаƺ̫ܣʦ־ʻһκܳ룬Ӧòô̤λǣ˸ڣɽλʦгɻ֮ʣ
ѵʦ֣ţʦΪ۷壬ڻɽǾһλʦгɻǱʣҲôŶԡ
ԣʦǣʱ˿˻ɽԵ֮һ泤۵Ӱ֣ң˶ڣɻʵȻ
ˣһֲгһӰǵʵˣֱ̤ǷߣûɽȺŭ⣬ɽʣʸͲɽȴҲ޿κΡ
֪λѵٻλһڣ·Ҫƿ·Ļ棬ʹû淭һĻɽȺŭ˳ɻ֮ʣʾԴ֡
·ȻκλӦƻ뿪ڣȴַ㺰ǰ
תʿַ㣬Į£
ϣѩ֮£ʺַ˹ڣʣƺͶʡǱΪ飬㣬ѩЩ޸ױɿ
ǰֵɻ֮ʣǰҪˣƺҲԵƬֱַ̡ӵʣϴǳЦƽ˵
ʵжȻһâǿϢַϣѹַ
ңʲôݣ֮ѹַ϶ˮûɽΪַ˰Ѻ
ڵǰֻ˻ķƮҡ˳ɻϲ£߱ͬˣǰӦþǣȴʴǾ˳ɻ֮ˣ߱ͬˣصǰôɣַ䱻ѹ治ɫ
ߣ˳ɻʣȻˣһʱŻдһʡȻɱʣһδˡ
£ѹȵַ㼸޷Ϣ
ǺǣʣΪʣҵӳ֣ǷˡһĮ֮Ӱ֣Ӱַ¶һĨЦʦ𣡡
̤λʲױԴΪʣʲǹҪ߱ͬ˰ɡһӰħӰ֣Ϣͷţѹȵʡ
һʱҲڽ·棬ʵɣδ̫Цٶȹʻ̤㣬ʳ֮ƣΧУλʹͬѹȣʱõɫѿ
ڵ˼ʱѹҲȻһôˣ
λҪҿôѹңǷ˵λ߱ͬ˰ף磬ɨˡ
ֻǾ¶ѣȻҲڶ֮´ҵӣݹ̨ƽڣʱвͷ΢΢һҲðԵˣɻ֮ˣûһº֮ˣ˭˲̤ʬǲŵزϱѹ
ң̨˫ʣټ̨ɢŵĲ´ЬģǼ̨˱ûطȥ
áܺã䣬Ϣвܲŭ
ûٿʣŲһַ̤ǰĿ⿴ͷʦиңܷɽѾûбҪȥˣԺ߰ɡ
˸Ҫ˵ʲôȴȵҺлǰ
ͷ䶼ܷɽȻʿڣǱˣǴʲôأԸչˣȻмԸôᡣ
̨һʮӽΪ츳ʾԲ̨˲ܵʾĴҲһ˻ЩҲԱ֮
в̫˻úþΪʦ𸴳𣬲Ǹ֮¡ƽڣͷ
ԽԽӰƬɽϣǸǿߣʡʡңʵ˶ˣʺʡվһһ˾ʣֶһʣ֡
ַԸ̵ŮҲˣŷЦ£漴̧ͷʵƶƬ쵽ʲôΪλ⽵ٷ֮
ƬıϡԽԽɽ֮أ˳øӵĿȺмܿ죬»ʳˣ֪˭ǰ˻»ʣ˻ľƬϣѾмδˡ
ϵƶ֮ɢʣɽȴɷݣ·Զûֹ֮ʱ
ʱɫĻ֮УһĲĺڰ֮ɫɫ֮
ţһⲻǻɽǿߵĻ棬ʣӦòǻɽ֮ˣѾȷˡ
ַһ漴Ŀ¶һĨЦ⣬ƺѾ֪˭ˣв²һ˵쵰һôʧôòԭڻɽ̻أ
ѾڳɻأַаЦĻ潥ƿ·Ǻ˱ƿģмһڵѷ죬ֻһӰϥǼ֮أ£һħ
һϯۣʵʿװмɷ֮⣬òĽһλõ֮˳ɻˣ֮С
ҲڣȺֻʿһλ̿꣬ҲһСϣһĻԵø֮С
ǵʿ۾̧ͷյɲǣǹɷ̼䵴Ȼ޴棬һ۾΢΢ţŽ֮⣬ﻹаֱ˹ġ
֮УϲǿʢϢ䣬¿ջȥһĻòһô£
ʡʡңʡʡüλʶ͸⣬ʻҲ£¿յӰŭ쵰
ַʻʵͷĨ˰Ѻ¿ǼһͶȥһĬɫϲĻ쵰ѩ¹ǿ˰λˣȻмλˣвʾأȻԵʿĿ֡
ĸ۵Ļ쵰ղŴ۳ɻʣǣڻѹȣʿ۾һԳƱۣȴ˵ɻʣ
ɫһһеĻ쵰Ȼָˡ
ôĿ½ʣҳƵۡЦ
쵰һѩ·ӡ֮£ɻǵãӻɫ͸գ׵ȥ䵽£ѩΪӡֱħᴩ壬һħԣǱֱ˳ȥ棬Щǰǰһ͡
ƭڻ׼򿪷ӡϢĮ쵰ѩ֮伣û뵽ڻɽгʣɶ
ʿڳˡͬȡ
ʱȺһʲô£ͷ΢΢ԭǴ˵пӻʵļһﰡ


1494 
ѩ·粨һʿƭλʣð˻׼ЩħʴԴڰ˻ģЩ⣬˽Žɣ˿ڻԳϣɸǴΪ棬ǰɻʵĵʿտӻʵʿ
һﵨ治С˼׵۵Ȼħ֮ϣ۾дһ⣬ڻʰûо⣬
ôձŪѵҪұ˲ɡ׵۾Цձ۳ɻʣãȺ֮ΪѣɣĪҪȹΪ
׵˵Ż˻֣ƵֱˣڻΪϣʹ
ϲġַԣһ֡
ɽҲΪ׵亹˵˲ǻɽǿߣϾǻɽɻʣǻʣƺ븶죬ִƻɽԻɽԣδһ׮¡
ÿļһʻʿ
ʻǰʱַʻʣʻʿַ㡣
ǰһˣ֪ߵغеǰ֣֮ǺѣǰĪҪΪвźáַЦŴʻַĻ㶣ַ쵰ʿǺѣ
֮ǣԤԤԣΪһʰѩڶϳģַûбҪƭǰַ㿴ʻ˸
Ƭ̣ʻһɫ漴ЦãȻˣҲΪˣѣǹƷ
ȷܼƷַΪȻĵ
ʻʲ׵ΪУΪַϵ׵λ½ʣܹվͬһս֮ϣͬǿֶ֣Ϊ㿴һʵΰɣ
ʡʡʵˣûʻô˵ˣ׵۳Բѷøӵǿʢ½֮ʣ˿ԡ
֪ߵغ񣡡Į˵
ϻƽĿޱȣ֮͸գԨ֮ء
һͷëҲڱǰţȱһͷΪѽˣ׵۵ĮĿɨһеʣϷʵĿ˵ţ񣬿Դ󣬽ŭХȻ֮䣬ؼ䣬ʻ壬׳ĽɫĿޱߡ
ɱһХʴɱ£Ŀ֮âǿʢ˼£֮ռѷ죬ձѶϿµ޷籩Ⱥ׷׺ˡ
ߣ׵һӣʱ͸ڵ嶸Ȼ䶼ʧԭأħ֮С
¡һز񷣬֮ɽ޾Ļײ֮ûｻ֯ųڵħ
еӰһ˱ڻʶɫһ֮ŲߵֻƬҿռ䣬泹׵ı·ǿֲ󱻴ʵ嶼ˡ
ѽһХ֮ӱҵĻдȺȴûпʵӰӣֻһŻͬɽһϱóȥ
ϲġַ۾һһ㶵ģǣαһóɱαദܾãԶ֪ϲĵʲôҲ֪ʵжǿ
ŭХ֮ʹضڱҵĻ汻ƿӰ֣ȻʱʣֻоͷݺݵĲ£оһ硣
Щǿߣ㴦ڻɽϿճޱȣȴоͷ
ʱɫ飬ƽ͸ɫѪδεĻƽѪҺϵĳ·䣬İ׳ƽ·ʧȥԭеķɣȾһɫѪһƺɫ滹ʸڻƽ֮ϡ
ʣųư˻ľķǿֻһ뱩ҵĿ´УңЩʼܹ뵽ǽȥһľ棬ܻܲ߳뵽β⣬͸亹
ǻ쵰ʿԴǾʣǲŭ⣬ҪǶɱأֻҪ֣ʴ˿̵ľ棡
ʱɫѾ䵽ˣһԲĶ¿ձҵĻ棬ƽϢ֮ǻԨ֮أһ۵׵ٴγ΢΢ͷеʣƵĵϧˣȻûп죬ëѪɶǴ֮
ѽܴ˵Դ裬Х֮޾Ŀɫ¿ջɱȥƬضǽ֮ʸÿһʸͬһ
׵һʱձ˺ѳһӣһɫʸȫѷ쵱УʿɷƵƽޱȡ
⡭ʻʿһĻ£漴ԣʿܳļһȻôֲַκΪѵġ
սʾ޴ͫױޱȣԨ׵ŭ
ߣǱȻֻҹ䳰
ҲڱǰҫҳȥҲҶսɻɽУ׵һɨʣ˵õɫһʲ״׵û˸ղӣֻＤŭЦ꣬׵ǰСӣŭ׵ۣô
׵һҲֻг˼ΣһζӰλʣһֱԼ֤Ϊʣǽٶµķ²⣬׵ԼɻʵģûнʣȽʸǴ⿿Լ֮ƿҲǿ
ʳĬ׵ӵĵϵˣʣȴ˲ѿ֮սͲﶪۣý
³ɫԽ䣬˵Ĳױҡ׵ȷҵģǷʰ㣬о޴档
㣬˵۸һף񱾵۳ɾͻλʾ粻ϤҲҺ֣ñҲϤʾ硣׵۵ϣͷ鴤ӻʵĵʿѵҪһƲɡ
֣ʽţĿС
ûֵأôһѹۣ۵ȻҪЩǷﻹʵǷĻͲҪڴ˶ۣɽԺɽǱ۵ˡ
׵޼ɵĽţʵս벻ս˵۵ǿ㣬ھǰأҵĻҲڴ˶ˣߵķͷһɣͽͽϹҲס
Ϣ䣬Ҳսδ棡
սХһ׵¶һĨЦݣ˵ȻҪұˣһȱ֣ȻҪһѹ۵ĻҲ⣡
޳ܣַ㷭˷ۣһڿ˵ԷһϣĸԲĻͳˣʱڻʱֱһ빥˿˵ĸʺ˼ƤֶԸ쵰ɻ֮Ǻǰһ޳ֱܵ׳


1495 ׵
˵֮׵ڿգ̤ƶˣĿ⿴ʵ½ʣ粻죬ܷʱƿһ
һ̤ĿʱϤʾ磬ô񣬱ɱֲɡ
һ֮ſռ䷨֮ʧһ̳֮ʱ׵ղķ
ţ׵üͷתһȦƺЩң֪γ֡
һһ֮׵۷·𱻿ռ䷨漴׻ٶ̤նɱֲķն˿ռ䣬նѷ죬Ҫ׵Ҳֱնɱ
ƿط֮㲻Ҳƿصķ֮¹ȻҪ뷨֮ǿȻǽԽԽǿȻֻȱǿͨˡ
ʹն׵۵ɲǣƻŴҵ׵ͻȻ䵭Ųһ̤棬ʱһֻͼƳֲ֣Ļ淨֮ϣ淨ո
ˣ׵۽Ų̤棬һͼƽƬն֣¿յȺֻ֮ϳһµĻͼƣƶԻ淨ӵ
ʱ׵ۣħӡնľײһһƵķ֮Ӷµͼƶ
ƸܵвϿռ䷨򲨶嶸Ȼ仯ޡ
ƣ׵۵ȵħ֮һƺڰ֮֮ûлȴε塣
𣡡׵ٺһֲĻͼƷ·ڿգзŶȥ쵽˼ĵز
䣡Ƭͼ֮ӳ޾Ļ棬أƬ춼ȼϿյһж޷ܣҪͼ֮л
϶ȻչĻҪ޵Уȴ׵ЦһͼƸձյϿյأȫޣ޿ռ䣬ɻ֮£ռ䣬·øĴһƬյ
¿֮ɫ鴤Щ׵гʣеɫѿһλո̤ǿ߸þеʵ
ܹܵõǴ۷ǿ׵۵ȷҪʲ٣һ̤ɲͼƣ֮ʹǿʢĻ潫ռ䶼ȼյˣʼ޿ռ䵱УһڻĹΧС
ƬռαǰԵ˴ַͷ΢ռ̫ˣһƬڻбٵ
ϵչĻҲʴҪȥ
Ѫ֮ʵгһſµͼף壬ǿʢµĿռ䷨ӣͼ׾˻湥վңԶ֮أĿ׵ۡ
׵۽Ų΢΢̤һС潥Ϩ޿ռйµķ籩漴ռ˿Ⱥٿ׵ۣȴһĨͼɵĶԷƿز
ڳʣûһ˵ʿԷƿظˣǿƿԿƿ¡
վôԶʲôֻ֣ѵɱ㲻ɡ׵Ϸ˵Զԡ
֣Ȼ֮䣬һɿ쫷罫˺ѣʻһɫ˿ߣ׵ۣ쵽ȺĿⶼ޷׷
ë񱾵۳ȫ㣡׵һ̤ʱմң޾ʣХһնͬʱһֱӳ׵ɱȥȵ棬ɴ֮ͣͷ֮˫طţնһС
𺳵ǣ׵۾ȻûбʵĹ̤Żͼ˲ϢӴм֮أԵúС·˲ܽ
ͼӡ׵֮УȭͷƽĳǰԵǴ͵ͼƻȭâ֮ϣ޼᲻ݵĽɫϡ
ˣȺֻо΢΢£漴Ⱥ׵۵׷ɳȥ˲˺˼׵ľ룬ȻŭХһȺֻǱ׵һȭеĵط͵𱻰ˣֻһƬѪ⣬ԼɫѪҺϵʶһƻ淨֮ӣĿġ
˻ǿˣȺаʣųڰ˻ľٶǿǿʻ֮أɱƿˣƽѪ͸ɼ׵۹ǿʢ
ȻֻԼ֪ԼĻƽαƿģ׵۵Ĺֱ֮ӡ֮ڣʴڵĽ磬ٴ͸⣬ƻĴ
ëУֻһ⣡׵۵˵˿ȴû˸Ц׵ˣ쵰ʿʵʵ¡
ʶѹڳڻʣܹɱʿհ˻ѩ±ʿӣǱˡ
׻ɣڰ˻ľһѣԻɽˣ񣬻ɽеѳɾͻλ˴ϲ֮£˻ıΣ֮ܿɹλҷ¶Թʴʱ˵׵ʵǿᣬԳ£߱ͬˡ
ûҲλйڣȵѳɻʣС²Ϊ⣬λɸΪ񲯣ʻʿڸ˵
ߣΪ߱ͬһ֮ˣΪıƿɽأһҪԸ׵ۡ
֮߱ͬˣҲܡַЦĿַ㡣
С쵰۵£Ҫһ¡׵۵ַһۣûأ
ϲģͲֵܰ㣡ַŭ׵ۣ۾໥ţá
ַ㣬ʶĿ⿴ַ㣬ʵ
ʦҲʶģַЦ˵ʿ²뵽һͷھϾƵɡ
С쵰˵ԣ׵۶Ȼһַ
ЩͿˣ漴ַӵɨ׵һۣһﻹ¶ˡ
ΪαۣϲԴǿţԳƱۣǵӺѣһͬ˻ľַûд׵ۣЦ׵ۺַ㽻֪˽ǳˣ˶׵ˡ
ԭѣѣɽ׻ɣڻɽִƴ֣Σ׵۵ַһۣ쵰Ȼ˵ϲôţд
д⣬ӽԺΪɽ֮Ⱥ۵ļһٲ۵̣۲쵽Ǽȥ䣡׵ƽкεв֮⣬Щɫһͣһŵģɽĵֻ̣ǽֶѣȻ̫ںǸģ治
ɽʵϣ׵µģһλִƣܹҪЩģٻɽڰ˻ĳҲ޻棬ų׵ۣ׻Щƣ


1496 
Ȼ׵۱ʵҲЩʼɵһ̤̺֮ʥ֮ǹһҲǿķ֮ͨųƷһʶûԸһһ
ɫǿ½ʣַ㲻ʶҹϵǳѩ¹СУƺɱǿߡ
ӲѵҪϣ׵һɨʵˣЩɫ
Ǻǣ½ִ֮ƻɽϲҵȱ㲻ˣʶȤ֮˷׷׿ڸǣܿ죬ɽܱȺ½뿪ʵŭκβ׵ֻۣȥʶŭХ뿪̤֮󣬴δ֮ͬ˺ս֮ʱ׵ۣǵһлʵҪúЩͨˣɱɽ
αۣڻɽ𣿡ڻȥֻʣ»ɽԼʼˣַ׵ʵ
ҪҪҲ׵ۻӦ˵ǰλǿߣֻһƻΪʣ̤ʾҪȹһģ˿̷ɲȣղëͲֻһôˡ
лɣúȹΪַһ룬Ц˵
ʦ׼ȥģֶַһ
Ҵǰܷɽַ㣬ĪҪһº֮Լʵ˵һͷ֮м֮⣬֪ǵ˼ǰܷɽȴһ׮¡
ˣʾƣƮȥħʿַһۣЦַ㣬úȡյٻλ
˵գħʺʻҲ뿪ˣ֮ǰĿ׵һۡ
Ƕȥַ֮һ̤ɽУһƻϣַԡУȻ׵ʵαۣиҪ㣡
ʰɣ׵ۻص
Ϊγɻ֮ʱƿ⣬ʲôַ£׵۵жȻһâʹÿռ䶼΢΢һ
ַûǣУͬһƿ죬ȥ⣬ʲô
ַ㣬Щ£㣬֪ˣҴȥ׵ץסֱַۣȻռң񷣬ϡ
ƲԽԽأѹȵַоؿڶ΢ʹ˿Ѿ˵棬ûгԹ˸߿ա
׵۴壬ڿն𣬴͸Ʋ㣬Ҫ֮֮ء
ڣַǰ֮ϣļ́ͷν졣
㿴𣿡׵۶ַ㿪˵
ַ֣ĴĿϿյ֮ϣʵģ죬ֿԴģ죬оͷģ
ǰַ֪죬ԶģƬ죬ӵоͷ
ַ㲻΢΢ҲڲǷ󵨵Ĳ²⣬
һǿ߲ܵ߶ȣ׵۴Ҳܷһֱⲻ֪ٸߵ֮֮ء
Ϊη֮Ǵ֮Ϲᴩ£Ϊľǿ߶伣ΪƬûдۼ𣿡׵۵ÿһ䶼ַУַȴڽƽѾйִ󵨵Ĳ룬Ҳֻ֤ʵѡ
оͷ˻ľģҲ֮û֪ʥǣΪһ硣׵£˵
磬ͺշӡҵһͼһһܻС磡
׵۵Ļ£ַҲ֮£磬ֻһܻСѣǴ󵨵Ĳ²⣬֤ʵˣ
ͷһʵС棬ľ֪֮£ֱʺʹƬ磬ַ㵱ʱо룬ЩͷжôľȻַҲ뵽Ҳأ
ַ뵽࣬ȴƬռʥݣĺеԶսص֮ԼʮʮгֵԺηʱ󵨵Ĳ룬ֻеһƬռѣʮеˣһƬˣۼ
ȻСѾԶڣܻ˲֪кأͬǳԼޣǿ󵽽Ӵһ磬пܴͨӵв֪ڱ˵С統УȻʵǶԣν绹С磬ͨ˶ԶһЩ֪λߣҲὫͱƹڣ𲻱ҪĻҡ
׵ۼڣַ˿̵򶨣ҲΪ
ǷСڣνʥݣʵĴ磬ĺġַ׵һ
ǵģַ㣬ֻеʥݣŻ֪ʵж㣬磬ǿߣ˵ǧ꣬ǿԪɣԪ֮ķǶС磬µܻܳΪӵ磬õСܻ᲻𣡡
׵Ц˵ַĻ·ܹóһǿ磬ǿߣ羭ԪܻЩǿߣԪͬڣϹŹ棬꣬ȻǵС磬ԼڵСһ
ַʮеַͻȻףǺԼһСҲھĹԣС磬ǲǿ
ս꣬˪ŮַǣǶֻδ̤ʥݵһԱͺͰ˻ľĵһȿֺҪ̤ʥݡ
һ죬һ̤ƬأķڼԪʱ̤ҵĲгһգԪУǷַһϯ֮أַƬ嫣ѪҺ·ڷڣ


1497 ̨Ӿ
ַ֪ԼĲ²ҲȻ⿪ʮÿһ˶ΪǶǸСĶмǵСѾͷ˵ʥݣһƬĿռ磬ΪĴ磻Уͷħ۳طӴʧƬСݲ¶Է뿪
ͬҲַУУնȥ֮ʲôƬٻλΪη֮룬ķ֮ѵС緶룬һؼĹֻгɻʣֹܹ
׵ַļЦŵˣȥɣ
ַͷ漴¿նȥʱֻص˻ɽ֮ϡ
ַ㣬Ȼûʲô棬бڣҲίմȥ硣׵ĳɫȻ˵ַ㷭˷ۣαһۣȴôô
úİɣҪȻΰ׵ۿҪ׷˦ˣҪҲᣡַĴһ׵ۺݺݵĵַһۣϾһƻ꣬ȷԽӽǰΪԽȥҪǰľǿѡ
ˡַ㳤ƮȥɽӻʵļһڣǲҪʲôˣ׵Լİȫַʵ̫ˣ߱ͬҪɱ˵һˡ
׵۵ĻֻһСѣһȺûм治ʵĻʣܸΰ׵ᲢۣȵһｫΪȹ֮󣬿ܹ߱ɱ֮ͬˡ
ַ뿪ɽ󣬱ϻĵһ·֮ضȥû߽ݾͨսֱͨǰģ׼嫵򣬻жʮյʱ䣬ַ㲢Ÿ·βں쳾ϴģԴϴκ쳾ĺַԼЩ꣬ɱأҲøһʱջ˵̤ʬǰУҲܱɱɱǣ֮ΪˣȻҪһЩҪֵĶԼԭ
׳־Ҫһ侲ģܿøԶߵøߣ
֮ϻĽ֮أһ޴ڶ࣬ʤգ͸ż֮⾳
һС֮ϣַڼװ֮ϣԡ֮Уů⣬Χżм֮Լ˿˿˼ֺ쳾⾳
ƺУɵƣӺβһ򻮽ַǳЦ˵
ƣɽ续ΪУ࿴ַ˫ԴЦƺУ
Ǹˣ֪ǣƺɵʵΪ֮˽֮أÿһɸһЩӣЩ֮ˣΪɵ͡Ц˵ַ㵭ȻһЦҲʣԼصÿһƬ䣬ԼĹƺУҲһˡ
ַ֪ΪС󣬷·ľ΢һ΢仯ľøЩ֮úܵ
СӺƮŮˮ̨ͤ裬ַȴɱĿչ⡣
ʮ֮󣬲ãԭҰ֮ϣһӰŵκԭҰп񱼶У磬ľľѡ
֮һС֮У£Ӥ֮һλŮӱССιĸ飬СĿֹסĸ׵ľԶĹҶƮ䣬һˬ֮ŮӳŲԶĹȥ漴һῡʵ֮˱ŹŽĿЦߡ
Ůӵ϶Ȼ¶һĨ֮ɫֻ峺ûаа죬Цݺ㣬ͬ͸ů⣬΢΢һƺΣתӣ΢΢Դ
Ƭ֮ŮסⲿλͷǹȥȴﻹӰ
ʮպһϳǳصУ˲֪µĹϷǰһλڵϣ̧ͷյϦɢп̦ǽ֮ϣ˫ֻǰĿгһ϶Ϧ֯ɵһĨĨƲʣζɣ
һƬС磬Ϊ£պϼĹ
ɻ֮ʱ۷֮һֺεǿعѵڤڤ֮Уһн˵һнΪ
ЩַƺΪңԶҪõ㲻ȥ롣
ϦַֱҹĻ٣Ҳ΢΢𣬾׵ҹżмƿ֮ԷȴŲΡ
٣һ֮ʱվޱȵĲеĽ֮УСеķʱһЩɱѪɽɲа㶯ҡֻСеĹͣǾ֮ܲ£Ҳһˣ±ʬǡ
Ҳһ죬ӵʸ񹹽ʱŻһ磬һ죬˭Ҳ֪жԶ

ɽһǳǹǣҲ˲֪µϴ񣬷һƬǰ˻ľ֮ʢĳǳ֮һ˻ľ֮һ񱤣ǵľͷɽɽ̨Լ֮ء
ʱһӰڹУ͸ͷ糾֮⣬Ȼ˫ȴ峺ޱȣͬˮ㣬·ܹӳճ˵顣
ɢڳУƵò˲ĿӣƮȻʣңĿ֮£·𼸸֮䣬Ӱʧ֮Уǻ̤ĲȴһһһյĴ
ҸҴģΪȻһλ˻һ¥֮ϣ˿ܣ¿ʧӰ
пܣ˵˵Ǻˣ֮ͬ˵˵ʣ˲һλ˻
ᣬŽϲð£Щַ㣡૵ѿ˵֮ĿⶸȻһԱ֮˶һۡ
ַ㣡һַʧķǰķ񱤣
ַ㣬ݰٹǣ̤񱤣ζʲô뵽ǵ岻ɵ΢΢Ʒʲôܰ㣡
ɽɳһӰڻɳ֮С
ɽɳҰˣַŲͣ£ܣţձԼʱˣλʦֲ֪ûУ
ڴʱһ˺֮漴ɳֿѣʮɳѷ죬һſнַû֮ơ
ַ㣬㵹׼ʱһХֻ֮սɳַǰÿһѷ֮жƳľͺ⣬̨ʮ״ӣʮ˶ˣ
λʦ֣ܴ󣡡ַһϤЦ˵ʦʱ
ַ㣬ʦ񱤵ǣǰЦ˵ַɫһ񱤵ȣ
ĿתַңǹǾͷ񱤣Ϊɽ֮˿Կ
һǰ񱤡ҡ˾ռ̨ȵ̨ʱ߽⣬аַԼҴһʹ죬ʦֵ񱤰ɣյЦ˵漴һ̤ڿնȥ


1498 ĩ
񱤣ڹǾͷ񱤣޾ÿһͬű㣬׳
ʱϿգȻһӰ֣ӰһϮ򵥵ɫۣյУ˵ƮȻ
֮У̧ͷеӰǲϵǺ˵ģȻȴܹܵķǷ֮ȻҲһ˲ϳˣĶȻ£¶֮ɫ
ʣһ񱤵Уֻһ٣ʻ˻֣ʱһɫɽ¿׹ȥѣǴǧһݿʼѣݻţȴû˸ڿȥʣǿߡ
Ȼ̮񱤲δˣǻʣŰ˻ĵǱڹ򣬲֮˽ⷢӣֻٹűɱһˡ
ʣȻ䣬һŭ֮漴һӰ̤յУף͸ǿޱȵϺ֮⣬⣬񱤻к˸ʶš
ɫĮһȭƿգ漴¶һɫŲһ磬̤֮С
ʺʶȤ̤ͬƬ޿ռ棬ȻʵˣһսڱУսĻؽ񱤵ˣԸ޿ռսʵȻҲ
ԶУɽ񱤱֮ʱĿ⳯ͶǱ㿴ʵĴս
սͷ£İ˻ģлսˣİԴӱƺʵս㲻ڰ˻ģһǰ̨ӱ֮ʧʼ񱤡
ǡڴ˿̣ɫһֻͣ񱤵¶ˣкЩӰҡϣڿգŲǰƣ̤񱤡
죬ą̂գ
¡Žַ㣡
̨״ӣǵˣ̤񱤣
˿ǰӰǰУ̤֮ϣȻҪʲô
̨ˣ
һҡ˾ռҡ񱤣ȵ̨伣֮ǧټɱ̨ӣ˫ǲ죬ַаɱңһΣ̨ɱ񱤣ݸ£Խ٣ߣ漴̨̤񱤣̤ƽǧ
˵ȻҲ̨ʮ״ӵʺʴս񱤼еӶ߳ˣûпʺս֮ȴ̨һʮ״һ̤
ʮӰһſǿʢâҫĿ
սһХ֪֮˿ʲô棬ֻɱ
ŷ޵ձǾ޴ŷ·ܽѹ壬¡¡Ĺ֮һɫӡ֮Ⱥڵӡȥ
ԣͬһ޴ӣֽŴӡ֮ϻ£ɫĽâնغХ
սһŭս˳
ݲһ·նҪÿݼţ㡣
ϳĪǳ֮飬ǳ֮⻪նһǳ
ûӳһ޴ӡаն֮
֮ϣһ޴ޱȵĹϳ¿ȥ·Ϊ񱤼˶׼
ַһʣƿն׵£ͷ콣⡣
̨ʮ״ӣͬʱǺ˵ģƬն·Ⱥ˿Ҫ㣬ӲɲӶݲֱӱûʣ£Ƭؼ䱻׵Ĩ
˺ǣ̫Ӽ̨ʮ״񱤣͸һĨѪɫȻȴҲһļɵڻ֮Լʱ̨ʮһ״ս̨֮߳ƣʱȥˣǶѾڻ֮Լʱˣɳ˿µĵز
ʮһˣֻкûг֣񱤣Ŵ̫ӣַɱߴ̫ӣΨʣͶ˶ѡ
죬񱤵ǿ߶⻯ף£̫ףܹʮ˵ս̫ˣ˶ղ롣
â˸Ȩȳ֮У̫ŭһȨȺַ㡣
ַŲһ̤㣬˲ԭʧˣȨ֮أռ𣬳ֺڰѷ죬̫ӣҲѾ۷ΪˣټϻȨȣʵǿ󵽲˼ĵز
ݲСޣҶԸ̫ӡս졢áĹ˶Կ̫ӣַ㡢аǶˣɱ¾Ǳߴһ̫ӵȨȣ̫ӼѪ̨˶ԸһԽλ̫ѹƵģˣַаʵӦǴݿˣҪɱȫڳʮУ˱ַóԼ°а
ַаѾĸɹһˣ
ãַȻһʱ䣬쳾ģ⼣âĥƽ
˵ĶҲ쵽˼飬̫Ӻ̫ӵߣ˲ΧĴǿߡ
͡ӽսȦŰɽâ˵Դ͸ɱսȦԡ
䣡һµȭâսȦһУȻȻһɱ¾ħȭЯԵħ⣬ȭâѽضϣ漴ַһӰǰ
þòַдǳЦƽĮĿǰϤӰţԪɱԼȨȶԸ̨֮ˣֱǧн٣𣬾һսаݵĽɫַȻǼǵõġ
ſǰŵ꣬ɫѿʱܹ뵽ʱôСַ㣬ѾǰЦˡ
ַ˫΢΢̧𣬶Ȼ䣬һħâ˫ǰε˫ȭ֮УɫĹħȭ˵ͷȰԵ֮ͬʱٱĿشѹھŵϣ뵽ħȭ֮С
ˣַһ̤ŵ·£ǿµĴѹĽŲ˺һɫ԰ס
ŭХַ˫ɱ¾ȭâħ·͸޾Ŀ֮ƾԵħɡ
ŻѪڶ彥⻯ΪַЦٶһ̤¡һ죬˫ȭ֮Уƿնȥһ
𡭡ſХ˫ȭɫ԰ףƴȫһħȭ¡һ죬漴ŵ֮ϣ޴ħڣ˫ѾʧˣɫѪɫ
ַתɱˣһ촫ڹħлΪһƴ֮ɢȥ
ɱ¾ħȭݺأңûܹסַһȭɱһУȺֻһǿɣ峯¿׹ȥ
ԶȺһĻɫ΢΢鴤ţ񱤣ˣ


1499 ˫ѹ
а֮졢׼֮°Ϳͬʱ֮ʱ֮ˣסһ¿գʬ׹䣬ѪҺڿգ񱤵ǿߺܶ࣬Ҳ㹻졣
ƿյɱ¾ħȭÿռ䶯ᴩƬգһӰͬʱѣɢȫ׹ȥǹŭ֮ԽԽϡҰϢ·Ҳڽı
ܿ죬񱤵˶ҳǰɱȥǻΧյУĿĶַаӰǵϿ֮أսȦսüңַаκ˲ȥ
񱤵ǧĵ̣˵ûõóֵǿߣ˵ǲ١аĿɨȺ¶һĨɱ֮漴Ŀ⿴ַ˵ַ㣬Щ˵ʵҲ޷뵽ϿսȦ֮УϴɱһΣʹɱ¾һɣ
ãַͷŲһ̤磬˲ڼǰɲǻ֮ͬһɲǽ٣һԴձѣЩ񱤵ǿǷҲָʹַǰ˹Ͳһ
𣡡Ұ֮Ȼ併٣ֻһֱ۳ַԴץѶҰ֮С
ֱַ͵˦ɱ¾ħȭЯƣղֱ֮ϣ¡ֱ飬Ҳ֮
棬λǿߣͬʱɱЩ˽Ϊһǿߣٶȶܿ죬˷֮ؾǺа֮Ϣɱ˽ΪܺգǱǵֱۻУҪɱ
ģַһߣЩյУȴһ˲䷢ƿ֮Ҳݵһ˲䣬ַŭնɱƬռ䶼ǽХ֮ǿޱȵӲնѵѪ޾
ԡڽâ֮Уַǽأ޷죬Ǽ·Ľ֮⣬ǿħˡ
ܽ񱤵ǿ߸εѣɫ԰ף͸ˮûսɱַ㣬ַ׾ܽɱ
¡ַֻƻӶʱһɽд£¿ѹȹȥ콣âַ˫ƵУ漴ŭնգǧɵĽâնգնɱȥһҪ
Ǳ̮ǿ䣬
ַ㣡յУ̫һŭ͸ɱ⣬¿ǲϼٵĻˣڲ񱤶ԣ֮֡
ַδŭɱ֮⣬رնѣٵ
̨УҪ񱤳ԶȺв̨Ϊȣʣ̨ʮ״٣չһߵɱ̫Ӻ̫ӵȨԼѪ̨˿̿ҲѾѪա
˿̵̫ӽȨ֮ѾѪɫƽأľ޴ɨ¿յַ㣬һ죬·ʲôӡ˰㣬òԼܣס̨״ӣһľԼֲڵľ֮£Ψ֪ͨˣ˿ʻںʴս֪ľжôĳ裬Ϊ
ɱ¾ڳţֱըѣѷŰؼ䣬ֲĺڰ֮磬Ӱͬʱ޵̤ڿգȻԼʡ
Ŀɨ¿գǰһУɫѿлϱڣʬ˿̣ȴ¾
ס֣³ƬնɿµϢС
ôҡ˾ռ֮˴ǿ߿̨û뵽н𣡡һֻһӰ̤Ӱʱɫ࣬мʻʣ
ʦ׼ְܳ¿յַ¶һ˿ǳЦɫһĻô˵ƣգʺһ֣ѹסʣɱַ㣬У̨ͬС磬׷ɱʣɱ쾳ǣڣƺһ棬ʺʻһֻ֣վǣȴʾ޴ѹͺյĳְ㣬ֻǻ˽ɫѡ
ʻ޹ذɣʾԼƽ˵
Ȼ޹أֻ⿴񱤵̨̨ɱȤʻЦţ²ؼ㣬˭֪һʲ¿շ֮˵սʻʣһֵģȻĻ㲻ˡ
ǼʵͷַǳЦ£ƽȻ·˵һ޹ؽҪ֮¡
ʵĻַ¶һĨǳЦգֻҪɱ¾ˡ
˵ʺѹȹʣǧзɱַ㣬û뵽ʻʺѹʣַɱ
ʡʻʣڽӡ
ԶȺ۳ַ޼ɵĴݻǧĸվ֮ϣַӰпµɱ⣬ȴûжʺʻʣǰԶ
аʦ֣æͼλʦ֣ɱ̫ӰɣｻҾСʱַ㳯Ա߲Զаһۣ΢΢ͷ
ãаһ̫Ӷȥ֮˲ͷţͬʱ̨֮ǿϡ
䣡һֱƵɱһ̱ŷûмͣɱַ㣬̫ˣַֻһֲӰ屻ѹȵģ˲ˮ
ǣըѣֻӡһУµɱӣǺؿµֱ۶ֱ˺ĸоըˣĿĶʻʡ
ʣʾ̨ӳ֣ܺãȻ£ôҲˡʵȵıʳ֣죬Ҫ
ʣʻո£̫ӷһ˻ֻ屻ʯǣޱӴ˿ȴһʯ
һŲٶ̤ȴײһռĻ֮ϡ
ʲ˼ݣַ֣ȻˣҲˣʻƵ˵ȺһȻַʲôʱΪʻʵˣȻʻҪֻ֣Ҫһɶѣʦԣʻʸں
ң̫ӷӴһֻ޴ޱȵɫӡסԴûκεãĿš
ɻ˵һգʱŷѣҽ죬̫Դ󱬣Ҳ֮һըѵüΪҡ
ʴͷβĿһĻһܹõжôķŭ۾Ѿ׵ĻѪɫˡ


1500 Χ
Ȩȳ֣ȴʽסֱǻȻ˷ѵ
ɱʷµķ֮ķĻñѵȻһ̣ûṳ̈ʻʵĹѾ٣ʻʿַǿߣɱ֮ԼշֻǺշ򣬱ʹٶѾ쵽һޣ̤֮ʱͺ˲һ
꣡˫ȭײ˺ѳһֲѷ죬磬ʻɱ֮ŷ֮ٶȳһգʱط֮ռĻһǽʻԼȫУɱεĽ
ʣʱʵֻ˿ʯӡ̫ӵһλˡ
һĻĿѣſƺҪȻȴڴʱ촫ҽƮĤѪշ̫ӵñѣ
ҪˣԶȺзսа񱤾λ̫㶼ʵ̨һʮ״Ӳʲôȴֶ֮б̨ɱøɸɾһʣ˿̣һλ̫ӣҲʵϣʣñȫ
ɱŭХһɱɱǣ
һŭХض֮˶ܹ
ԶһŵıݵУһӰƮյУ㣬Ϣǿǳ֣ѸܵǵĴڡ
˭ȺһĻɫһù죬񱤾ȻǿߣղʾҪΪʱʻʺʵĶ̫죬λø
ƺǡ߱ͬ˵ˣһɹķΧӣЩֵĺӰܿ˻ķƵɱ֮ͬ֯߱ͬˡ
ʻʺʶվգЩֵĺӰǵУ¶Ц֮ɫ
ʣô͡ʻǰӰʴ˿̺ܷŭΪʣǿµģλñǰټ¾ǿҲ޷̵סŭ˿̵ܹסƽѾ㹻ˡ
ʻʣҷģڽΪĶʻʣ漴ǳɫתԼ̨֮ˣǶҪɱǣ
ЩӰϢȻְȴ͸һֿ£̨֮˸оԼǰһߣ·ʱܸһڣ֮ء
ĶңʸҪ漴㱻һϢϢ͸ſµɱ⣬޿ռ·Աƿǿߣǿߣܿ죬վʵǰȴȶ
ַ㿴һӰԼ϶Ȼͷ콣⣬ڵ֣ͫĮޱߣĸоȻøӵκεһж޷ĸ֪֮
䣡Ȼ䣬ַֻоһ⣬漴Է͵һʱĹ촫Ӳηַ㣬Ҫַû
ôô䣡ַɫӲݺᣬնɱϴնö֮Ϸ·޾İɫϽ䣬ĴӲˣȴҪַû
ַ֮а˲ʣֱƾ֮ƵƿأѹȻǻʣȴѾƿ˷ֻҪǧ֮ƣطɾͷ֮һһ
֮ϣ͵ϮЩʵ˱һˣʣȴƿ˷֮Ϣĸһʹüλ䣬ңǼˣǰ˻ľ߳ȥ
ٱĿ´֮ͷŶǳ¿׹ĴӶƻЩַ˫ͬʱӽ֯һŲ֮
¡֮·ףƿֻһˮɱ֮ˮΪ֮Ҳգ˫棬ͬһ
䣡ǱʱΪ޼᲻ݵַԲ֮֯ɵĽѾ㹻ǿˣɱŽĶռҲ˺ѵѷ졣
ڵһܶԿ˷ַа廯磬ϿյĲγȥ˳һӰӡ
ȥԷ³һĺƶһգ̼ػӣַϣַܴ͵³һѪֻһ˲ͱӸˢ
ǷԽصתΪ֮⻹ǶԷṳ̂ʣطɾͷ֮Ļת£ַ㲻һѪôˡ
ʣԷƿҲǿģ֮ǿ
һɿµɱȻ併ַϣַɫѿԷ֮Ϊ֮УһֱԷҪȵת߹ƻ͵Ϯʶشϣ˲ɱ
ַҪӣתɵĴӲηײ壬ᵽӵУƺֻеķݡ
͡һʸſֱӴ͸޺ɱƺܵһ֧ʸĿ£ȫתƷ򣬳Ͽյļʸ˹ȥֻǼʸһУƿӲΡ͸ˮĻ䴩˵Դ͸ɱ
˾ַֻһ֮ң˿ʪܵģȫˮĺˮ棬ʱолʹУǼʸԷƿ֮ʱĸȴ·ҪҲƿһ̫£Ƿ֮
ҪɱַĲǵһܷ֮ˣղаҲΣͬһаȣɱЩҪǿߡ
̧ͷַ㿴գһɫķƮţϤĶңΪҫ֮վϿյӰ·𶼷·Ҫ˸ΰһЩ㲢ΰȺȴһִǣ֮
֮Я߳գʵɫ˲ɷѪɫôһ£·˲ƣʣĽҪ񱤳ô
֮ʱʵĿҲͶһۣдһЦЦݣǳ


1501 
ߣԶȺгֵӰе߳ǵǰңԶԶȴеĸǿ
еֻӵгΪǱʵǿߣ֮
ˣԴ߱ͬڰ˻ȷѪѾ֪мǧ꣬߱ͬһԾǿ̬֣¾˻ģ˻û˵ʱվ˳ܿˣǵ֮߱ͬʱӦ˶ĲΪоǿ֪߱ͬ˻һֱڣҲΪĴڡ
Ⱥв²ţпܵĲ²ˣ޷һУ֮߱ͬʱҲֻ¶ɽһǣ֮߱ͬ߱ͬҲչֳ˵ʵֻпһֱڶ߱ͬ˵һһ֪߱ͬ˻ԸЩ츳ǿҲЩˣ˶ŶԷ
߱ͬˣԼˣΪλڰ˻ģеɻǲ֮գ߱ͬΪʲôҪȷѪꡣ
ϿգЩŵǿӰĿʵϣû뵽񱤣ȻҲ߱ͬ˵̫ˣ߱ͬѾ͸˻ľĸ
ʱʸоѹĴ֮ˣһλλʣǴųЦףʽոб̨֮񱤣ɱλãΪľǳ׼ŭ߱ͬ˵
ʣ֮ȫǿɱ⣬·Ҫ̻ʺַĺ⣬Ѿ޷ˣߣڰ˻ıΪǿߣ߸ϣǺεңһžӣȫĨɱλãʵ˺ɱ
ʣյУ֮ȫڸڶ֮£Դһ˿ɳƵ̧ͷյ֮ȥ
ʣΪλ߱ͬȾϹϵ֮΢ɳƣ˶ܹ
ʿһ֮߱ͬˣֿһе֮Լʵˣг˲ĵԹ֮⣬һƱʣգȵ·š
֮Ҳһ⣿ʿڵ̨һжǷ񱾾̨ʶĿ˭
ûҪ˵ʲôˣɱ֮ɳƵ³Ȼ֮䣬кƳĻӰǷʵ貶Ŀķ֮۶ɣ͸ױȵ
µʱ֮Ҳˣ׷׼Լ֮Щ۳۵߱ͬӰƬռ䣬ȫǿµ֮տ񱩣ճѷ졣
͡͡ӰֱӶǼʸܹ鷢ΨǿĹ֮ݻ򣬾ֻбʸƿ壬ֻݵһ˲䣬λǿ߱ͬǿڴˡ
ʻվ֮ϣⷽԲ֮صĿռ֮񲨶շ˫ֶȻһգʱƬձչĻסռ䷨ȥݻ򣬸߳Ƭռ䡣
ʶŵǵӰȻϢˣƺǼɵе֣֮û׷ǽŲ΢̤Ȼ䳯һλ÷֮ǿߺɱԷǧ֮ѹȣ·Լİ㣬ȫƿأǺɫҰףǷǻʵĲ࣬һ֮ң̤ȥͬ㣬ֲ
ɫʯʴԷ壬Է˶ʯУ漴¡һ죬ʵĹ٣Էʯ屬ѣΪһɫĳǰƿ˷֮Եòһ
ʣ䱬֧ļʸ֮֮ӰȻǰ
Сģһ˻ֱ֮ʵԺУһһɿµľΣн٣
ǰ֮ûж·һ˰㣬ȴ϶кˮ䣬ûо˵Ľû˵ĲΪʣȴһ˲Ľ¶˾
䣡һɿµʵϡ
Ҫֵ⹥һٵĻһ⼫ݵһ˲ԺٵתΪʣѾ֪˶٣ٵһ̣˼άûͣͣûе˼άƽʱֲܵɲǿĿռϮʱ򣬲ûеֿĳŲȥͻļٶȣһõĹ⣬沨
ˣʵ£·Ҫݻٰ㣬һеͬһ̰ʵֻ࣬ǺֻʵϣҲ˵ֻҪղ˿Ѿ֮С
ݵһ˲ʵѾƮǧ֮⣬亹ǸղЩҪӰ֮
Ϣԣ̫ˣж͹ûκεϢ·Ӱ˰㣬Ҳ˵֮£Էߵǰ㶼֪һλǿߣԷҲ׽ոߣǺεȿµ
ǹֱĹܹ϶һǺ壬Ѿոˡ
ܶݵһ˲䣬ݵԺԲƣȴоԼǰһ⡣
֮δͣ˸ٶȳƮ˹Ϣڶ֮еӰֱĸоΪʣûк¹˿ĸܵ˿־ζ
ˣһӰ֣·Ƭն֮ӰϢͬʱһɿֲƬնסʹʵ΢΢һͣݡ
꣡ʱһ춸Ȼ䴫ʻʲµĹĻˣһǿֱ̤ʵӰȥ
䣡ۣʵ屻շ֣֮ʵϲû¶ŵɫ¶طľϲղű־ʴ֪ڣһ⡣
ڴ˿̵߱ͬ˵ǿߣֻһ˻վˣһλǿߣʶŹˣ˶


1502 â
֮շ֮ʵ壬ӳӡȻ仯ΪֱָӴշ֮ϣΪֲ͸ա
һƺڰ֮ɫ֮͸ֱʵʺȥȻͬһʱ䣬һ貵֮նʵǰնһֲѷ
֮ڸǵ¶һĨŭɫԷóշٶȱ죬ܿ¡
ַվйǱߵսȻ֮䣬һֻгֵĴֱӽסµշ˲亹޴ַ·Уշ֮ûɣͬǿߣԷķַ֮֮У侳ѡ
ˣ֮һµĿ磬ֱַûˣֻմֶȻһգըѣַӰѾʧԭأֱӳʻʺ֮䡣
ʺһʱ̨ǿԼ˸߶ȥͻȻֵǿ߸Ҷ֣֮һλǿλʣֻһղַЩɥǷǻ֮ˣܲסԷһᱻ˲ɱ
ʻʺʾַ˲䣬֮Ȼʣɱλղźʶŵʣյȫ֮Ӱӣĸ棬֮ϢһֿͨԻϢ
ߣէջ˳һƬ˺֮磬ʺλǿȫ֣֮λλʳǱ͵ĻӳһƣմӡأҪƬգʺһλƿգֱ̤뿪
˫һɽ峯ǰȥȻǿµƿӡɽѣӡǰУڱգ޴ޱߣʻͷſ·֮ŭХ͵ľ˵¡һƬպը˰㣬ѷХֹ·Ҫû
϶ʯףʵķǵϣǵǿֲನɺϵʯѣ³ѪҲĵ
֮ûȥ׷ԷԷóշ֮λʣ׷õԷģң׷ǰЩ˵İΣ⡣
߰ɣ֮˻֣ʱЩ˷׷̤뿪Ȼܹɱˣ߱ͬ˵˱Ҳһܹɱǡ
ת˲֮䣬յбûӰ֮ȫ뿪Ƭռ䡣
˿̵񱤣һƬǽ塢лϱڣĴѵĹű涼һµѷ죬Щսʱನֲ̫ˣ˺һű̮ٵ
ЩҴվڵϣ̧ʧӰ΢ĺǿɪɪķҡڣֻоһֳǵĺǵţ޾
ˣ
񱤣׵ˣӰ˻ĳ
̨ʧڰ˻ľ̨˫̴棬̨һʮ״ӣң̨ҲڣгһֻҪλһ̨𣬵񱤲ͬʲ䣬Ա߱ͬ˵˴ˣ񱤵ϲӼȫټϺ߱ͬ˻ϹϵҲܴ˻ģʷ
ԶȺҲоܵǿҵ𶯣ǧ֮õڳϦ֮ͱܸһֲʵĴȻҲ˷ڵѪҺھԵǰȿֲҲһ˸Ŀ
һʱ䣬漴һӰƿն񱤣ͷ΢΢һһЩʱ̣̲סҪˣ񱤱Ĩһ嫵Ĺű˶ԣͬһƬ֮أǧĵ̣һǱУһɡ
ЩҴû޴ȥֹΪЩʵĬĬȥˣҲ鵱УǶ񱤸ӵϤ֪ҪĶĹűΪӶߵá
ЩѾԶַ˲֪ͷϵĶɻڣǵʵĿַ޷ȷûڣյжַΪ𺳵ģԭβ̨򵥵ĸ񱤶ѣһν񱤳׵Ĵſ£޷֮ء
ǰܳΪյ֮ǰ˻֮ңҲ֮֮ͬ߱ͬʻԼǰ棬ʻʶ֮ЦдһĨĵһֱ߱ͬˣ߶Ǵڱģ˻Ҳڱʻ֪߱ͬһҲû뵽֮ûбƣҪ߱ͬһ򾡡
˵ЩΪʱ磬ʼҵ֪֪ϣʼܹǽкšһȡݻ߱ͬˣӴ˻һ̫ƽ硣֮ɳƵʻ΢ЦŵͷǰкηԸܿڣʼԵȫϡ
֮Ŀ΢΢תʻȥʼܹȫݿ߱ͬˣ
ǰȷܹó֤ʻĿ֮ͬоâת¶һĨ⡣
ڶ֮صϢ֮ɳƵ˵漴ӳǰȥ֮µһµķ
ãǰĺϢʻЦ˵һ漴֮˰֣һֻ̤Ƭ֮󣬱ʧȺߵС
ʻ뿪֮ʺ֮һۣ漴Ҫȥʲô
㵽˻һɡ֮˵һ΢΢ͷ
ļ֮˻֣ʱ̤գҲ½ȥ
ַ֮ʻԼʵĶԻжΪ𶯣Ҫʼ߱ͬˡ
ַ㣬ҴȥһطĿɨһۣ漴ַǵطλʦֶѾȥˣҲ֪ˡ
ľͷ𣡡ַ㻺˵һʵɫ΢΢һͣ漴Ц֪ˣ
ַЦŵͷܹ׵ǼһʦģֱڲҪԼ࣬Ͼ¶֮˳ܴһ˷ԼǼٵģ־֮ˣܿܵľš
ʿַ㵭ȻЦݣɵ΢΢ͷЦ֪Ҳã㲻ҪҶϻˡ
ʦҪ߱ͬ˳𣿡ַʵ
߱ͬ˴粻֪꣬һ綯˻ľšһɣ߱ͬ˲أ֮߱ͬ˶ϢģΪ֮ȴһֱΣŰ˻ģֻΪĴڲһֱڰлֱ߱ͬҪһٽ˻ľûٴ¶ĿϧƻˣǵȻִС͸ź⡣
ˣڻΪ㣬ǰճǣע⣡ʶ˵һ漴ڿնҲʧȺߵУ


1503 ʥӵ
ģճǣǧǺ嫶Ϊ֮ǣȻڴѲĹϵ
ܴһƬң겻ҲʹճǷƽû˥ܹνնΪɼ̫ɡ
񱤱Ѿʱ⣬Ѵ˰˻֮أΪ˲෹̸ʣ񱤣Ȼ߱ͬܲɷֵϵܱ߱ͬ˵һӣ𾪵ģȻ𾪵ǣ̨Լߵ֣񱤴Ӵڰ˻Ĳڡ
ʹȻɶ񣬵ҲɱλãӡҲӣһҴ棬ȫɱȫѪ񱤣Ҳҷڱ֮ܽӣ񱤹ŽΪֻ֮һ߾߱ʬԼлϱ̴档
̨Ҳòճշ֮£ַңҲйһ¾ɱ˼ǿߣҼǿߣʹʵʧأǧйҡ
дԴ׻֮ϣ߱ͬ˵˺֣չ˴սλ£ױҲɱǰ˻֮ڵһθоЩϲԼ˵Ľ˶ʣȻˣ˻ĺ;ʮȻǹˡʼ˾ռҲˡ
ճһ̳ճƷ۵֮أ𾪰˻ĵϢ㶼ǴﴫȥģȻ˿ֻ̳֮أȴֻвʮڴˣϯضֱλڲͬ䣬ѣˣȴ׷վ⣬ԶԶĹţҽȦӵС
ԭΪȦ֮ˣ㶼ʢһʱкüˣ䶯Ĵ£Щͨĳ߶òλһռ֮ء
֮ǵ췲ս˰˻ľȫսʤ֮һͷ֮ʱս޲ʤֻһбǱˡʱָȦеһ˶֮С
췲ǺǣΪ̫ߣҲֻصľѣ㿴ɫ۵꣬ΪأڼǰĵķҺΪͻǣ壬һţҵ˳ţϣ鶼ûãΪƽأ˵ûܹһƽʥ
һָһλ꿪ڵøղΪȻĵ˵ͷ¾ͷǰҲ˵ˣҿǺܿµһ򲻿ܴڶ֮أ˺ܶ꣬û뵽ôңΪ󱲺Ŀڽǣű𣬻ҵĳȥҲ˰ɣҳ涼סɱ֮ˡ
֮󣬶ճ˶֪ɷǣԶ֮ҿ˲֪ʲôҶǳӣɱ˷֮Ҳֻǲ֮ҲûΣ
ٽλΪϵ̸Ϊֻʵ֮£
ڵţЩ˸ʵǿÿ£˻ľǰȻʧɫȴޱȣû֪ǴӺζʥݵ˰ɣֻǵطſܳôܹʤ˻
֣ҵ˻ҲһʱգΪ˻֮أ˭Ŷ֣Ȧһ˵֮һڽ꣬ĶţЦݺ㣬֮⡣
Ⱥ˻ʱĿ¶ʣЩ˷۰˻ģǾղƷ۵ۼ˻ţ֪У˭ܳΪţ
˻֮أ֮ͽ֮µĿڤɮйһսսܣ췲ƽڣɫһͣ췲ȻͿڤйսսܣ¾ȻûΪ֪ڤȻһĵ͵ͬ˰ϲҫս췲˻ģڤ˵սܹ췲Ľȴڣδἰ
Ȼܷ췲ȣȻս֮ԵſԵ̹Ȼʧһ£ɼȾͷǳܼ
Уʼҵ衢˾ռ˾ȼҲΪ췲£˵Ȼ⼸˶սУԷʵ֮ԼΣԴ͹ϣռƣǰ˻ܱ֮ȵġ
෽棬˻ľЩ˱ȷʵԵЩף磬ֻһѣһС磬ǻ߶СУСķչ޵ʵΣϵĳʵԼ
칬Īϧʵ൱һʱһλǳЦ˵һλɫӣЦݺ㣬Եúºͣ˸о׽
Īϧݴǲڤ壬ֵϻڣѹֱ˳Ϊš
ΧȺͷԶȺ֮УַȻҲУ˵Ϣʢǳͨճǣڳ߶˿ܷԼȤϢһĻ
ַĿ⿴˵꣬˿ţЦºͣΪǫһǳԴӵܣǳк
дӵܶǽģĻԼܵĽ̵йأ֮ſĿˣΪ츳кõĳܾ֮˵ֳ磬˷ǳҲ֮£ҲͬǰһƵº֮Уγһֹ
ʵħǽһ˿ڵ
ɽׯƣΪأٱش֮ʵǿ˵һ¶ɻ֮ɫɽׯƣ
˶ԣɽׯǳİ
Ц£ֻԱƣȴδἰַ㣡
̨һʮ״ӣΪ˻ѵõϧ̨ɢƮ죬һ˶δҪʶһ
û֮غ嫣ҲһЩδ̨Ҳţľ޵ִֻأɮ˷ǿʢַԵޱߣڰ˻ķǳû֪Ƿ
Ӧ֪ʱղ⻰ĿϣдһĨЦݣĿͷ΢һ
Ҳ˼꣬ԼŵȻɫ
ɽׯַ̨йһ˿ͻ֪Ƿ񣡡ֱˮƽûе⣬ĻĶУȴԵøķ
ĿⶼϣӦò޵ķʸȻɽׯйͻΪֻἰƣȴַ㣬ĪַͽУ


1504 ȥ
ַڰ˻ľһеļ֮һԴ֮ǽ֮һϣ㷢䶯£նڡʥ˫Χˡ޵ڻ֮Լ̫ӡɱǧУħԵ졣
ңɱÿһλΪҪ֮ϣԽսѾѣַԽţǷЩǰҲһϯ֮صģһ֮ңʵƿ£ַǿֵȶ˵ַǰֵһᣬǲŵġ
ˣ˱ڴĻشˣ
֪ƺ٣ɨ꣬ĵַ츳һս·磡
˻¶һĨЦ⣬ܺһսŶˣ
޻ƽʥΪأ˻֮ˣɱʱһĮ֮˵֮ڶϽǵһλ꣬˸ղһֱδڣصս˻֮ˣɫ¶һĨм
ôҲǸΪͬ췲һֻأǲ˵ʲôȴѾΪ磬Ȼ޷սʤ˻֮ˣжеı֮⡣
ǳ壬ΪԼǿôǳӣбɵһĨŭɫ
֮ΪҳΪǿ󣬵˻֮أҲΪ޵֮һսҲδǳĮӦ⻰˵ǿ
Ҳ֮ͬԣ˻֮ˣҵ档һǳЦ˵˻ŷС
֮Զ֮⣬ǺôҲǰ˻һԱȴӣκζԷʵȷʵǿǸ
̳֮أΪɣмΪ˻ţᲢۣҲͬǳ㣬δ˻֮˷ϾǱһǳϰ˻Ტۣʵ˵ǲ˻ϾǵļʶԴҪʤ˻ˡ
ֺ£ʱ֮УһƮ漴ȺֻԶһ̤һһռ䣬ֻת˲֮ȺϿ֮ء
곽Ҳˣ֪ΪΣǳ̧ͷճֵ꣬Цû뵽˾Ҳˡ
˻֮أкţ곽Цƽͣŵɫ۸֮У֣ʱʧһ
˵˻ľвӵ֮ˣǶӵо޴Ǳܹϱھڰ˻ģл߳˻ģյĳɾҲ޷Ԥϰɡ޾Īϧ꿴һǳԼ곽һۣ˵
볤־ڤַ֮ǳǰȭ֮£ɣǳ͸ŰȻ֮ȭ·Ҫء
ǳ˵֮ʱĿǿģζ֮ĻúüȻǳ⻰˵أ
ɽׯַйһս˵δսʤַ㣬ǳȴ˵ַǰɣǶһӣַ֮⣬Ͼַ㲢ϵá
ȫܹ곽ƽ˵
֮ɫһѿ֮⣬ȻһС֮ͬˣܳϲǳ塣
ȫΪһɱַ㣡Ĭ£漴ĮڣԴ͸
Ⱥ֮Уַ¶һĨЦݣӹɣһʥݵžޣǵ˰ȴǿ츳ʵǳԣĪĳˣȤ
תַ׼ȥȻȴڴʱַȴһӰվԼ΢Цע
ʦַ֣㿴ͷ΢ʦ־Ϣĳı󣬺ÿ£ôʦֲǵˣǿĵˣôĶ֪
ȻǵҲҵλãֻдʦӡǣҵ
ľĮɨһʥݵһ꣬漴ַһ˸ȥת˲֮ʧƬ̳֮ء
ַ뿪֮곽¿յȺЦ˵زô곽ǰǰȥΣ
곽ȻԸǳӦ˳ӡ֤һΪǱȤˣ
Ҳһʱ⣬ؼȥԸӡ֤һĳҲһ۸곽ЦӦһҲδȥܾ곽ĻһӰƮȻ̤ȥʹ˰̾ϧЩڴ˵սȤˣЩͨжǿ˾Ӱ˻Ӣܡ
ַľ߶ճУܿ죬½ճеʦֻϣĮ֮̃ӣȻǧĹų֮УųǺ嫣ȴδΨľܹҵǣǻ۵һ顣
˿̨̣һʮӣľͺ֣ˡ
ʦ֣ȥңַ㿴ǰľЦһ̨ճУǷΪҶ
Ȼϴֻ㡢аԼ˴ң飬ٵλʦֵĲ룬̨ͬģľ΢ЦŻӦ漴֣֣ʦǰңӦôȥ֪ͨʦ𣡡
ף΢΢ͷľ֮ʱӵһ˷֮ɫֵô
֮Ҷճǵ˿²̨ſɣ
ߣ³һʱ˸ֱҷȥǲδշУֻڵ̤·˲Ŀ
ճǴ֮ϣһӰʮһˣӰ磬ƮȻ֮
ÿʣʲôˣ˿ǴʮһɵĿ΢ǰ֮ϻнʮ̤նʷǷԶ£˿̣ȻʮһǷӰȺŨ£ЩǺη
Һ񿴵ֻؽΪ֮ˣǷ絶㣬ȴּΪݣ̨֡
ôգɮˣ
ɣƺַӰ
۳ɫȻһͣ֡գַ㣬Ϊ̨֮ˣ
뵽̨ǺȻ뵽֮شϢ񱤣̨
֮еӰһҺҲ췲սл
ɣǰķ򣬺ң˵ģͷȴ΢΢һǷ·одҪˡ
ߣȥң
Ȼ֮䣬ӹһӰ̨֮󣬳ҷȥʱҲ׷ǰǲ֪Եɣǻ۳ɿӰǱҲУ


1505 ̨Ŀֲ
ճǣңʢ˥ǧ꣬һַаɱûܶҡҵĸֻҳһϲ㣬ֻҪʱ䣬ϲϣֻҪʲұ㲻ᵹ
˿̣ճУԶ֮أһӰȻ̨ʮһӣЩ˿쵽֮󷴶˽ŲӯȻƵᡣ
ԶӰ磬̨֮˱һξ룬ʱѾ֪ǰӰ̨ʮһ״ˣڰ˻ģ̨һʮԶмˣ˶˱ϳûκֵ֮ǣ̨֮ˣҳ̤
Ҫ֪Щ̨֮ѾͬˮҲڰ˻׷ɱ̨֮ˣϧɱַ̨㼸ɱ棬޼Ѿһĵز̨ң̨˵ȻģǧңҲܹģ־棬ȺȤ
һ·˴Ķҵ˵ȻҲ̨֪˵ˣҲδȡʲôжټԵΪûȥɱ̨ˣܲʵ̨һʮ״ӵʵʲ˭棡
ټңַа˶޷赲סο̨ʮۡ
̨ʮһˣڽҸ֮ۡǰֹסŲƽվǣû˵ܰ
ԶҲͣ˽ŲֻԶԶĿţ̨ۣҪɣдҪˣ̨ˣɲĪڴˡ
΢΢֣ʱ̨ʮһӣڿգǰһ޼ʵĺҸۡǶʥ֮أ겻ļ壬֪ҵ״˶¡
̨ӣݷӢܣֶȻ俪ڣʺƵ֮Ű֮ɢȥҪۿͷ֮ضǡ
ԶҷһӰ̤գ˸Ϊ֮ˣַƽ΢һâ˺Ȼ޵ǧС
ܿ죬ҵ˵֮︮ۡ⣬ںֵ˶棬ǧкͬ˪һȺӹǿַһɲ͸âҪַ͸
ǿ֪һֱǣǧĮ³һ
ãԼҲͷѰˣյУľӰƮ䣬ʼմƵ֮ǳЦ
ľ٣̨һʮ״ӣˣǧпľӰҲһĨɵ֮⣬ʵܿ£
ľδǧеɫɵЦſԷһ֮ǰЯ쾵ǣ̨ɢȥδλǿϧľţ̨̤֮أԸӢӵܣ
Զľ֮񰵲̨ңΪսΪɱ
ۣǧѾ˼Բߡ
ʲ룬Ϊ޵㲻룬ұҲ⣬룬Է㣬Լ֮⣬̨һֻʮһˣҿѡս˫սʮһ˶սʮһˣҶۡ
ľȻ˵ƽͣƽ֮ȴ͸ſֲţҪսǶսҶֻ̨ʮһˣκս㣡
ѡ̨ս֮𣿡ǧʵ
ôҲ޵˵˿Ц̨ҶѾòңѵǿ֮˶Ը̨ʵӲɣһսַֻսսһúַ֡һսսַ㡢֡գսַ֡㡢աа֮䣬ÿһս˶
ľ˵˭սѾˣңǷҲûشӦӦս
ӦսֵΣǧľ˵̨ս򣬱֪Ҹûսʤ֮ʵѾɲ⣬ټַ㣬ҳ֮⣬ûһܵסˣζذɡ
Ӧս̨ΪҲս̨״ӣս֮ˡľƽ˵ǧͷŶĿâһĨŭ⣬ŵ̨
̨ҵεأǧĮ˵
ս룬ܶսҵΨˣɱ̨֮ʱֽ̨ںεأľƽȴ͸ͱ֮⣬ңսҲս
һֻ̤֮ս٣䣬̨ˣ
֮ӣǰݼ֮ԣѵʳ֣ӰҲͬʱ١
ǵ𣿡䣬̨̤ңǰԸ񱤵ķʽǷǳƣֻǸºһЩԸ񱤣̨ûдкֱӶɱ
Һ񱤶̨С磬ˣ֮䣬𣡡Ц˵
ȻǰԣӰ֣Į֮
һɲǣһɿµɱⶸȻ佫öɫһͣһµķâһǿɱ⣬˵Ҳ˭ˣ
ʼңȻҶҳ𣡡Įڶԣһʳ֣˴һ֮ǿʢޱȣ˾ռλʣʵ£Ѿǳֵĵλˣ
ǺǣʻҲˣʵߣǣԷһߣλʣ
ˣյУһӰ֣ʵ飬ϵȴ͸λߵƣӰʵɫһϲļһﾹȻҲˣһôþȻûжϣǱĹá
ϻңкιɣЦֵӰǲ칬ϻʾȻϲˣ
̨ԹȻζԹģϻӰУƮ첻
λ⣿ʵĮʵ
̨С磬̨Թˣβú֮ʹһսϻЦʹöһϵļһһ֣ȻƽȫһԷǶһλǿߣϧ˾ھϱն
öʣ칬ϻˣ̨ộԶȺ̨Ҫˣʲ¶棬˾Ѿҵͬʵ˲١
̨𣿡
˵֮䣬һλ֣һΣǵʣ
ʲộ˺Щ񱤱Ҳûôʽٰɣ
ҶʵСˣ̸ƣѵֻҵ˹̨˻ؾңοҪֻ̨ʮ˶ѣңһ壬ǵ飬Լȥĺã
ħӰ֣ȺҪúһǵڼλˣ
֮ɫѿ̨ڻճǣңҪҲ񱤺󳾲ɣ
֮˵սʲò֣Ҫ֣սɣֻһϰԵĺںͷһ޴ľ̤ɽԳʶˣ֧Ԯʶ


1506 
˿̵Ѿһߵľˣʣѹƣ
ʼԼħʽ٣ȺԤ֮УȻδ칬ϻʹԳʾȻᵽϻѴ޽¼ֲ˶ãǴսĻŵø졣
ϻˣʶŲ칬ϻ΢΢ͷ֧Ԯڻʵֹ֮С磬ң֮˹쾳Уʹ̨ɢҼˣɲݣɱ̨֮ˣ̨̫˻Ľ֪
վҪнһ죬գ˻ľǰϻִ̨֣գսңϴǰܣƽڣĿ̨ʮ״ϣڵѵǽΪ̨սҴӦһսڱС
Զ֮Ϊ𶯣̨ڻǰǿңսҲսսҲҪս
ϻԳʣ̨֮£벻칬ԼɽƺûйϵɣλαزСʲδӦ֮ĿϻʹԳϣսľƲȡ̨֮ˣȡڻʡ
ǺѣԳԸֱˬֱ˵˵öɫһֻֽͣĿϻ
Դҽ޵Ϣ֮Ҳ칬вٴˣԣ⣬Ҵѹ̨Ҳʵѵֻ׼ҶԸˣ˲ܶԸ𣬽գ̨ҽԹֻҪʲ֣ҵȻҲУ
ϻܵͣȴǳԶ֮˶
ˣұ㲻˵ʲôˣûԣĿɨַˣȻΪܹɨңԱɣ
ô˵ǲӦսҪսˡľһƷζټңս̨ʮͽ
Բѣ
Ȼ䣬ҷһ֮Ʈ漴ȺֻһӰգЩӰ̨ʮһ㶼ǳᣬʷǷĳƷǳʢȡ
ǣַ㿴һӰ΢һ˹ƾˣǸղճ̳ƷӰһˣʥ֮ء
ǾҲңԶɫһ̳۵һ꣬Щ˶Ƿǳ췲սȺۣս޲ʤԼֻڿڤйܼ˵ַսƽ֣ǳԣַսɱַ㡣
һӰȻ߳ǵǰǰ̸ַԼ̨ĵӣöڣ
ǰ̸ֻδ̨һʵΪϧǱվǰɣ곽Ц˵ʥݵǿжʱսĻ棬֮Ƭ磬ΪʶһСеǿʵΣ֮ͨˣǿȤֻЩܹȼǵĶ־ʹӵսȤˡ
˿ǰվŵһӰ˻ĵһʮ״ӣǿ
̨ҽԹ֮գλ޹أһԹսľɨȺһۣʥˣЩ˵Ϊ֣ңҲλˣǲսĻɻ̨С
ǸղŲѶսǴսˣ֪мλԸһսһ°˻ɣ곽֪Щ˵ǴʥС棬ü˱ܵĻһԽУǰ˶СһƥܹսʤǣܹܺõԽС
뿴̨ʵжǿǳâ磬Ϭޱȡ
ľȻƽˣҪ̨ʵˣսɣ
зʥݵľλӰǲգδƶֺĿ̨֮ˣȻˣûĵ
ʿһĻЦ£˵ˣս̨ʮһӣ
˵ʮһӣȻѾľų⣬ľʵɲ⣬͸һ֮⣬޷͸ĸоľսȻò
ȵȣʱһƽȺ׷˵֮ˣʱĿһλ۱ŽĿϣȻַ㡣
ַֻһ̤Ŀң˵ǰ̳֮ϣսƽ֣˵Ǿȫܹɱַ㣬𣡡
ַ̤Ŀ罣ңָʱɫһ̳֮ʱǳＤʾ˵սַ㣬ȫɱȴû뵽ַԱ߽˻һʱַվǰţʱ֮УɫԵò̫ÿϾһǰַˣַ̤
Զٸղ̳ԵȺʱҲ¶һ˿Ȥɫղ˵˻֮ʱǶҲһƻɣɱַ㣿ƺ˼ʱ
ս
Ȼ䣬ַһʱյͻأӿֹս֮⣬ͬȥսв첻Ĥ֮С
ս
޿ɱܣ˵ûвսĽڣ
֣˽㣬ǰȥɱǳԥ̬֮һ
ϣƽʥʼۣ֮䣬˷·ƽʥ϶ĿΪģΧط·𶼰ΨԼʥ֮ҫĿսȼաڷǻƽʥ֮ϣ·һƻƽ֮âվ֮ˣĳȥԶ֮ˣܹĸܵɴĿ֮ƽʥ⡣
ַ΢΢һĨЦ˿̿ҫۣȻȴ͸ųɣѾַܸ㣬ԴǿһȲַĽ֪βսʤַ㣡
֮ϣĴԪ۳һ޷ؽƽǽϴǱҪأûн⡢Ҳ޽棬Ψɽĺأ⽣ͬһƽľʯȴܽһжѹ
ˣַŲһɲǣȺֻо΢΢£վںԶȺǾоһɳ֮⣬ĳأ·ѹϣѹͷǶִɼĸожǿҡ
µǣޱȳص⾳ַ壬ȴ޻Ӱ쵽һӰ
ǣ
ط·ըѣƽ޷ؽͬһڰ֮ɽϳݺݵ£ءҿ죬һѹصڹ⣬ݺݵȥֳǰƽʥ⣬·ʧȥеĹâ
ѷ죡ȺɫȻ̣ڹ֮Уѷ֮âַĹѾǿܹƿˡ
ײ֮޷ɢȺͷǹɳأ漴֮ͣĲǵĶĤУǵԽԽأɳط·Ҫǵ궼ѹϢĴ
𣡡зһȴܿ챻صڹû¡ľ޴ٶȴȺֻſڵϣƽʥѣ͸Ѫ·ҲͬƽʥһҪѿַ㣬վͷϣ
ôĹȴűУ


1507 һ
ĨȥѪƽʥ֮ѪһԵøĴĿ
ɽׯַսƽ֣ţʱἰɽׯʱֻδַ㣬ֻ˵һλбƵΪἰַ֮ųϺַйһսսƽ֣ǳ༤ָĿڳȫɱַ㡣
ʱ˵˻֮ʱ˱ɣΪַڰ˻ĵսԣȺԸܹɱַ㣬սƽȻɵ͹ַʵڴ˿̴ӵȺмϷʵɫͽܹɱַ㣿˿ʱĻʵԵЩЦ
Ī˿ңѵûоȫɣȻܣ
ַʵӵǿˣɰԵ˹ţַ㹥֮ʱѹ֮⾳ƬشƶĹк֮֮ڻ֮Լʱֲ֪ǿʢ˶٣ܹһ壬ʵǲҪɵģɱ˵ңǿ˿ȴԵúܴ㡣
㲻ɱ𣿡ַͷ¿յ󣬵ĶȴԵø裬һ̷·ȫĿⶼһڱݺݵţ뵽֮ǰ˵Ĵ󻰣иǿҡ
ƽʥڷ¶֮⣬֮
ǣȻ֮䣬嫴֮ѹȥǿµĳʹµĵֱ飬˫УͬʱַĲҲ˳ȥ¿޷ؽͬһɫıһͫ׵вϵ
ǱԾԵ䵽ѹȵ
ɿµıڵ֮ϣԲ֮ط׷׿ѣһµĹ֣طͬ٣̤ѷм䣬˼Ѫ
䣡ƽȭ⽫غ俪ƿ˲ڣ漴Уڵ´С
ַ͸ЦŲȻ̤ǵµһƲУ޴ӡ͵ĺڴ֮ϣڲַ֮ͨ壬ܹܵصÿһɶ
ߣַЦ漴Ųһ̤ÿһ̤ЯǧĿ¾ÿһӡ̤֮ʱ涼һѷ죬ܿ죬ƬرһƬǽ壬·һµĵѰ㣬ڴʱŭХ¡һ죬Юڻƽеƿ˴أ˵档
Ȼƿһɲǣ쫷綸ȻҪ˺ѶĤɫ󺧣ֻѹѹľ޽Я֮ơ
޻ƽʥ֮幥ƿ£ƿؽ֮˹ҲǺ˵ģٶȴһ㣬ԶԶַ㣬ַսʱֻȥƴַ㣬Ǳֻаķݣ
ƽʥ̺ǿʢʥ˿ƺֻķˡ
ؽĴϣ˼ǧԶƽʥȫѣѪ죬𶯣ȵĲţϣһǿʢµϢ·ʲô֮Ѿ˱ıԵ
ǿַаһּĿ¹ͨص类ĺˣʹûƽʥ壬Ȼûе֮زƺҪȴûбζûбǹɷһᱬס
ȺҲ𺳣ַ˿Űվţ湻̬ģַ㣬һ˹ƶ˺
ַŲ˲Ϣǰֻŭɱңұɱ㣡
£ٶȺַ㡣
䣡ַһķ˳ȥӰӹ漴һֻųϺݺݵļ̤ȥ֮ϼ̤¡
ɱ·˰㣬ƽʥڷ񷭹ַŲݺһ̤̤صףͷӰԷѾŭŤ
ȡ裡ַ㿴ݣȴֻƽ³һ漴תԶ̨ڵķȥûǱ̤ϵַ֪սѾʼһֱŭҪϵķַȻֻᣬÿεĹǡôֻǲϵ
ַ㵱ȻɱΪԼ»ǿķӦ֪Լɱ˶ԷôֻҪþԵȥ̤Ӵ˲Ӱ
Щʥݵ֮˿ҵĴӵص϶һƲ֮⣬ͷ΢Щ
ԵļһƼ򵥵Ĺȴ̺ǿʢشƣٱĴ֮޷޽Ĵ֮ʱ̺ǿʢİصĳءħĺԼԵĳصȣַ㣬ƿжְҽЩںϳΪǿĹܷӳǰµĹ
ַľܵͣȴ·ľ˹ϵⶼΪƵƿԼ԰幥ʵѾþˡ
˻ľһС磬ȻҲмţЩ𾪵ģＴĻУһǿµˣȻЩ˸еľǣ˭ַָںϰ壬ֿ¹ģһжֻǿԼǱԵúˡ
ַʱѾ߻ص̨ȺǰΣĿʥݵȺϣ漴ָָǳ壬ǰ˵ڤַ֮ǳڸǰɣڣҳǰһսɣ
ַĻʥݵж¶â̤Űַ֮㾹ȻҪսǳ壬ǰǳȷ˵Ļ˶ˣǣʶַʵ֮󣬲֪ǳǷҡ
̨˶û˵̨һʮӣеĲˣɾƫͣԿּԲ㣬һս֮ģֻвļˣַһˣ˿ַԼԷʵȻǺõģ
ַԼԣΪԷͬʱԼҲȷҪּĶ֣̫ĶѾ޷ǱǰȴԵòһҪЩʥݵսԼһִһѾкܳһʱˡ


1508 Ѥײ
ǳ忴ַ㣬Ų̤˳ߵַǰȻַսûбս֮ˡ
ʱվǳ壬Ѿûһ٬ӣϣܲκһ˿֮⡣
ַҲͬһĿע߳ǳ壬ŵʥӵܣԶֳôվǣȴһֳɽĺ֮У·ûκܹϣһĨȭâ֡
ַ֣֮䣬ɱ¾ħȭ۶ɣ֮ʹħԽԽʢַճȭ״˫͸ſµħ⡣
Ƹַܵȭ⣬ǳϣͬһǿʢȭʹϷ·һ֮ȭȭ֮䣬ǧʱʱڤǣȭ֮ɫ֣ȭδȭ֮⣬Ѿ˸ܵĿ¡
ɽȭ⣬ǹк֮Ⱥţַǳϣȭ⾡Կ¡
ɱŲ΢΢һַ̤ȭȻƿնʱŭХһȭâᴩأЮſֲƳǳɱȥյǺڰ֮ȭâ·֮â
ַɱ¾ħȭƿյһɲǣǳϵȭâ۳ʵ֮ȭƿնΪһȭ˲佫ռ䶼֣֮ջڤ֮еһж۳Ϊ˪նᣬ֮Ⱥַֻɱĺɫȭâסˣ׵͸âס漴ѿ
Ȼȭ֮ȴδֹסڤ֮ȭƿɱ¾ȭâգַ㣬֮˪ء
Ⱥͷ˪ѩƬնǣһͷı˪ûƬأио
ַȭ֮л۶ɵɱ¾ħȭԥƿպǲȭâײһУʱڤ֮Ĵ裬˪֮졣
ַȭ֮ʱǳ̤֮ϣһȭ˫ֹᴩ£ȭ죬һβǺڤ֮ȭȭâճ棬ҪһжûͬҽĳȭâХ׹ַ㣬ַԼͬҽĻ֮ȭбػᱻûҪ涴
ˣ֮֮Юַ壬峯¿׹ȥͬʱκԥնһ⿴һȴ·Ҫն˺նΣȴնų֮ףֻնóȵĻҵ趯š
ַ˫һâ˫͸ſµħħ֮л͸ųص֮⣬˻Ļ֮ϢԼ֮Уһնɱ֮ʱţħ֮նǳ֮ϣ¡ı֮гһƬ𺣡
ˣǳĽŲݺݵ̤գʱƬն·ֻȭķţؼÿһ䶼пȭ·ƬռȭΪƿء
ȭ˫ֻǳɫ£һ۶ɣһ㣬Ϊȭ֮⾳
ɱǳ촽䶯ɱǧȻ֮䣬췭ظ޾֮ȭַ㣬֮鷨ǳ·ȭ飬ȭ֮ڤȭȭħȭȵȿֲȭâͬһʱ併٣ַΪģҪַɱ
ǳ·Ϊȭÿ£·ȭ֮һ𣡡Ⱥǰ𺳵һĻͷʥӵܣȻǰ˻ܱģƿս֮ʱȴ˿û֮ģսӵս޲ʤ֮ţֱԾԵѹַ㣬ַκηĻᣬҪֱַѹɱ
ȭܹͨǿȭǧȭڣκһȭ£ǿµȭ
ţֿµȭͨȻǿĹ߶ģ򲻿ܴ߷ǧâȭҪַĨɱ
ַǧȭâ֮УĸоΪǿңԷȭ֮֮ͨͨذ˷ӿƬڲҪȫȭ̮һ̵ַĸܵв
¡ħ֮Ϣ·Ҫأħ֮Ӱַٽħֱ֮ӲսΪİ֮սԶԶҪľ磬п¹ӵħ⣬µսǰ縳ƫЩ
Ȼ˿̵ַ㱻ǧȭâȣòȫͷŶ֮ħҪƾ죬콣⻯һĿ֮֮⳯ϴȥ
ڿֲǰַԺȴɱžԵ侲սԼɱһ·֪ʧȥǻжôʹĺһ͸ħâޱȣԺУƬ·𶼻֮ɫκεĵεζǰԺҲٵתš
ħ֮âգַĽŲȻ˳ȥͬѸͣ޾ȭâƿɱֻҪһ˲ϢĹ򣬾ܽԼǧٿףʱԲվԭرĵ򽫻ǳңΨдӱȽϴһȭٶȣֻҪͣ˿޾ȭâܽշѹƬ
ַ̤廯һ޼᲻ݡƵĽڽУ潣ն·ҪһɴصĺءħİԵпռ˺֮׵ıŰв֮Ϣ
ַ͡͡˺ɫȭâһλĿȭƿ˳ȥûһ˲ͣ͡
¡¡Ŀ±ַ֮Ϣַܹĸܵȴûаͣǳķն˹ȥ쵽˼£ǳ忴Դ񣬵սֱҪأһǿµĶ֡
ǳ嵱ȻҲַµȭŲ͵кݺݵļ̤£ȭͳǰŭХͬʱȭͷҲ֮ɱȥһȭڤ֮֮֯ɭĺڰֺһħֿµ⾳ȫλȭâ֮Уݿء
ˣַȻֹס漴콣â۳һ޽֮ɱն֮ȭնҪ˺ѿ
൱ɫһݣַ˿ûͬղǰӽȫΪһδƿԷȭĽŲ̤ȻʧԭأǳϿ֮ء
ַŭХһ֮У£ǳ̧ͷ漴о֮彵ϣһ˫ڱͫעпµħâᴩۣͫ׵Уһ١
ذɣַŭһ֮ħһǳ嵱Уһɿµħ֮ʹǳԴַ֪ȫȻҲû뵽Էħ֮֮Լ˫ħͫͬһʱ֮ʱжôµһǳֻоֱ֮УͬʱһͷȭâƳһħ⣬ʹǳҲӿȭâ·Ҫħ⡣
һ˲ѾַȫֲĹˣ嶸Ȼ併ǳͷϿգһֱۻɱһеĽҪ̴ǳԴЩʥݵȺоַ޷죬ɱǵʵĸɱǣ


1509 Ҿ
ǳӿ޾ȭɢһУ漴֮ħٶȽϣ鷨͸ǿʢ֮⣬Ȼ֮䣬ǳһȭĻγɣҪ񷣬ơ
ֱַͣۻľǿ֮Ҳͬһʱ̽٣ǵĻ͸ǿµȭâǳɱȥ
ǳŲһ̤ʱ޾ȭâӿ·֮ȭƿգִټ۶ɵȭâ赲סһ֮κεһ赲ΪͽͣȫٵǳԼҲף޾ȭâƿ֮ʱˣҪµһ
նһУƣǳȥӰַжȻһµħâ΢΢һʱһȻ࣬ն콣âǳɱȥ
ǳ޷پһȭ͵ĺ漴飬Ѫ죬屻âնУɳ˼֮زſֹסԡѪһĽۣ·ͱնɱ
һĻǳһ亹ֻΪ˶Щ԰ףͷжĺ˳µ䣬˫ȴŲԶַӰôӵôÿһǷǳǿ
һ˵ʱ츳޵ģַ㿴Ҫ޵ǿʵȻҪĳһͨӵмߵĳɾͣ󲿷ʱ䶼棬ν츳ߵ֮ˣܹڶݵʱĳһͨȡþ˵ĳɾͣں˵ͬʱУȴܹڲͬ򶼵õǿַ㣬ڽǿ󵽿¡ħ֮ҲĲó֮ó塢ħܽ뵽֮С
츳òеľˣǳ壬ЩʥӵڿַǿҲ¶ɫһСУһλʵЩ¡
ַ㲢ûȥ׷ǳöԷأ˻ľ֮أǿߵС磬ÿŻһ߳ȥʥݵĻᣬҪ磬ž޴ƣ֮ʥ̤СҲ׵ģĻ˻ľı㲻ֻа֮ڵʱŻżʥӵ߶ˡ
ȻЩ˻ĵˣŷǷˣ϶бĵƣˣǳҪǿȻҲУǳ֮ûôĳҪɣ෴ҵĳޣȴ㹻ˣΪңЩʥӵܡ
΢΢˸ַûмǳ壬ǽĿͶʥӵܣ˵̨ԼҽԹ֮գλҪд轻ҵԼʱ䣬λʦҲǳ⣬ɲڴͬа㣬λò
ַѾսˣǳʵоһ˿ǰվŵ˵Ум˵ʵԲǳģǹɲ⣬ѡȺս̨˼սʤ֮ҲԻḶʹĴַۣ㲢ϣܹŰҵ̨λʦЩʥӵгʲô⣬ֵã˶֮ŵϴ̨ԺδػЩģַЩʥӵܱԴĲ
ãһΪ췲ַ΢΢ͷַǿսϵȷһսȼգַЩʥӵܲʲôУдҲûбҪվھԵĶϣ̨ˣ̨֮ʹһս
˳
ӰŲȥλ˳ǿַս֮󣬲ûаܹսʤַ㣬෴ǺַһսĻк̶ܴעҪսܵģȻˣûбҪȥ棬ַҲ̨£β˳̨ߡ
һֱûսĴ㣡Ц漴Ҳ߿
ƽĿַһۣȤǰ׻֮ϣЩַģڿʱַȻһλصǿߣȻᱻ׾ٵĻܣ֮ÿһַ㣬սܻϣùиоԽȤ˼
ܿ죬ַǰգȻֻʣһˣ곽˴ģ˿̣Щȴûһ˸ӣȫȥ
곽оܲˬ˿̶̨ˣǿַʵ֮곽һ˿֮ģѣǲˣѵһ̨ôǿߣԼʵţҲԴֵز
ַ㿴곽һڣ΢΢ǰ̤һС룬˴ңԳǰʶЩʥӵܣⲻòַдˣңƺеҪӴ󰡣
ˣ곽аһ΢һȥûбҪΪ˴½Լȥʺνɣ
곽£ַжʱ¶һĨЦݣǹһĨаĻȣԴƵĿ⳯ǧԼڵķȥЩʥӵȥң˭Ӧս
Ȼʺǧеɫ̫ÿַʵֱøӵĿˣǰĲ̤޵Ҳֻ֮£ַпܲҪ̤ʾ磬ַֻһˣɳȥһ޴в
ǧУҵǷҪӦսˣӦսĻ㰴˵Ĺأ̨ʮӣֱ̤ҽɨ£ľĮȻ䴫ʹ֮ɫ㶼һ
ʣ̨֮ˣѵҪ֮˵֮ôվյһǣĿڡ
̧ͷɨһ۵ʣʡʡ˾λʽ̨С֮£ΪβһǣڣվʲôǶָң
촽䶯ţȴ֪ʲôʣڻʽٴ˵أκƺԵЩ԰ףһʵǿĻ㲻ôˣ治֪ģ붯˶һ
ңĻ̨ΨʮӶѣ¶һĨζǳЦõԣ̨ʮӣȴټ·̨ռ˺ܴ˰㡣
ľҰʱɣòӦս֮ˣλʦǣһӢܵʵɣס̨ɱ֮֮ˣɱʵȺɫһ¡˼֮ϵȫĨɱˣĻҾĳ˿ռˣ
ϻȷҪ𣿡Ŀɨ칬ϻʺ˫սʣľȨʵλһϣǲ칬ϻ˳٣ܹɨԷ
֮սҪսսʣǲ֮ʹն֮ϻһԼ̬ȣң


1510 
Һ嫸֮ۡ⣬һƬžУ˿̵˽ԶĬ˫ɶš
ʵ˵Ŀ㶼ʵϣ·Ҫڵͫ׵пԷ뷨ǿֻǳǳЦ⣬ϳ˵Цκɡ
Զ˶Ƭգɼž֮УȴоǹɳصѹָУǶ״˿̵İµķ籩һ籩ͷųǻصĴս˿̲ѹ֣ǶʵˣҲһܵѹְɣ
ʱ仺Ĺȥʱ̫ˣѹ֮£·ŵúܿ졣
ľ΢΢˶Ҳ¶һĨЦʱ䵽ˣҲûӦսĴ㣬Ȼˣ̨ӣԸսң
ȥɣľ˵ַ˵嶯ʱһƮ΢ԷӪĶУȴԵøļ̶
ҵȻԴУַ̤ҵɲǣĿĿռȻ˸ҵϿƮľ޴ռͼףڱգһ£ַ̨֮˵
ľҲ̨ǰУɨһеĸ󣬵ĮĿڵһ󣬷˱Ԯɢ
˵嶸Ȼɢַаһ󣬳ȥľ̨֮ʮһˣһˣǶйһκһҲûϵ
ַǰȥ˲Ϣ㿴һĨâͬǰӰַɱš
ȥնַŲԽ쵽˼ĵزᣬַһǰھ¥м
Ȼû뵽ֱַͼ׳⣬˲Ϣⲽˡ
䣡彫֣ӰУٶȺܿ죬ת˲֮˺ǧףַ죬ÿ̤һ·յжص·һһգֱһ˵ǰɱȥһЯµĴ֮Լ֮У˴ذĳأƷϢ֮Уѹȵ޷
ᣡǧɫȻ佩Ӳǣڻ֮Լ󣬰˻츳õһλˣ˿̾Ҫַϡ
ֲǧҪ֣ȴֻľĿ΢΢תĮעϲĿռ֮Ȼһ͡
һҽʹǧеĶĤ漴۾ҲӰˣˣַǺص»ҷ𣬴˿̵ַսսƷʹǧегſµɱ⡣
ַƺܵǧеɱ֮Ŀÿ⳯ǧ߿ͬʱƳӶһâ˲Ϣһ屻ɱ
ɱǧĮڣҡ
Ȼ֮䣬еĸͼͷų¹âһϴһҪַ
˷ʱˣ⸡ͼ׼ҵ壬һɱ𣡡ַǧһſޱȣˡ
˿̨״Ѿʼҵɱ¾ûжܹס̨ӵĹ̨ǿжǲһģΨиʵǿֿܹƬ̨̣һǿǰֻбľ档
˲ϵ䣬̨ǿ߲ͣɱ¾ȥʵ˵Խı
ˣַ屻УȻ֮䣬һǿ֮Ϣ𣬽ַϣֻ¿շһ֮ƿնɱַ㡣
ĹҲ಻ľӢǿ˰ɣַ˵гһ޴ĸͷڣһ޸˳ַͷϿգǿ֮У޸֮ӳַеĴ֮ϣʹô󸫸ޱߵİԵ
ƣµ¿ɱ£·գնһµĹ
ͣһӰӲΣѪȪӿȻսâַɱ£һ֮·۵һ飬˿ռ䣬նַ㡣
¡ַһɱ£ڿգǴƸâĽ⣬΢΢һʱһ޷ѹ¡
յУ⻪£ɱ֮ɱַ̧ͷ㿴ɱɱ˲ϿҲкüλӢǿ֣߳ȫɱַ㣬˵ʹ޵̨ӣַˡ
˲ʣƿնͬʱħŭַһħͷӰɱȥַ㱾¿ճ˹ȥ˷·𶼻һ޴Ľ͵Ĵг¿˦
˫ֿµɱ¾ħȭƿգ·ռɱȥһⱻסСռ䣬ӲĶԺ֮⣬ûжܵĿռ䡣
ɱɱ¿֮һѪģֱǿɱҪַɱ
ַһɽ£帲һ֮ңԼħ𣬽âɽԼʯƿҲҪַɱַܹ㣬ַƷ·޼᲻ݵÿһβųصµѹȥͬʱк¡
¡ͬʱµĿռӲĺպаֽյĹƿˣϿյǿɱ˹ȥ
¿յַҲЩײһ飬պñѣһâŰؼ䣬ʯұ׵Ĵݻٿ
ַһ˺ۣЩɱȴֻʣһʬ壬ʬ嶼ʣˡ
ϵѪһ֮Ȼӵȫָϵĺۼ΢΢̧գպаλʦѾܺõĽеǿȫˡ
ˣַŲһ̤ͬһʸ˳ȥ͵һɱһͬʱŭХɱ˽ȥԼҲ̤
ʺǧеɫԽѿҵľӢǿߣڳɳ̨ǰԵúܴ赲ǵĲʱϵʬԽԽ࣬۳һѪӣ϶һĨ·ӳմ˿̵֮
ʣɫŶȥʵɱһƽʲôû֪
־ûԤϵģ̨Ϊ
ĿɨյУƺҪѰ˵㼣֮ǣӦҲ˰ɣ̨ǷöԸ񱤵ķҲԸң
ʣҪңȻ䣬ʵĿ⿴ʣӷޱߣ˫ͫ׷·Ҫ嶼̴
ʵĻǴԵģʵ΢΢£ŶʣҲǽҲɣҪǣ


1511 ʳ
ڻǰңĿģΪԭα֣죬Ҳ·עӶʵɫƽǷӸоĿκεĲ
ɱңʵ׻ʲô׼أʵ۾һֱδתƣ·Ҫǹƽ
̨ɱǿ䣬Ȼת͸ſµղȻ䣬ʧԭأʮ֮⣬ҸۡϿգ˫һɨ̨֮ˣȻ䣬һǿϢѹ̨ӵϡ
ַ㷢Լ޷ˣշ·ǿռΰ㣬ڵյУûпΧ̫ǿҵղλʵӵеǿʢ֮һ֮䣬á
ʣһɿµɱ֮ڶʵϣ·žһʵ˽Ų㶼̤ĿӶʣͷſһ̵ķ֮ΧƬն
ʣҪֻҪһ֣һҷ𡣡˵ſƺз֮⣬ҪôڹҪô
ʵĻǶ̨˵ģͬҲǶ˵ģַֻоˣͺ˶סʺһʱɥ
ã˳ʿ˵ַɫһ˳
ȷʵ
˵һſǣǲ̤Ұ벽ʼ
ܺãɣӶʱзһ¡죬ַ˵屻ݺݵ˦˳ȥ㶫ʸûдǵ壬ƾ֮ƵƿԼãһ˦֮£˶˼ʮ֮أҡ
ˣֻһӰⲽ·жֻǼ֮䣬վ˶ǰһεĿɱ֮Ӷնõģ⣬ؼ両֮⣬εŶʵ塣
ָоǲǺϤ߳ǿʻ֮ʼλǿߣһΣ״ϯУ־ɱεһλλǿߣʱλλǿۣ߱ͬ˵ˣڣģ֮ʣ
ѣҪʲôûлشԷĻǺƽһ
ʻ֮¶һζЦ⣬ĵʣԶ𣿡
΢΢ͷ漴˫ʱյкƳž޴ӡطĻۣҵϿգȻһɷ֮۶ɵĿɽ壬¿յȺϣһɽ֮ϣڱסǵĿ⣬·ʱܴȥǻ
ʲôʴһпµ˳ȥ
𣬰˻ľ֮أйϵߣɱ⣡ʶȻŭХһ֮ǵأԲ֮صȺԸоĤһһֱӲǵԺС
˻ľ֮أйϵߣɱ⣡
ȺĶĤ䣬ʹ˵Դ΢Щ·ʣȻ˵ֻ
¡¡𺳵ٶȹĿԶϿգ޾ɽϴȥҵ棬ͬɽӵеĻǺ˵ģңҪ
ʡʡǧжʿƵɽͬһ£ǵĿⶼһĻЩţʣôɣ
嫺ΰң·콵ʯҵĺңϣҿʼ̮ѷ죬Ⱥշѹࡣ
Ҫȶֱ֣ԾԵշѹңս
ʵǰǿõһ˲ж˱շѹ˵˺ǿĵزܳܵסֹġ
ʣһ˻ľңѪоˣĺ󱲣ѪҺʣ׼䲻֪ɱ˶٣Ҫ
ʣһ־쾪ʯƣа顣ԶȺо΢΢ţһŭʬѪǧԣʣȷֲֿƻҪɱ̫ˡ
ʵ嶯ˣ̤ʧԭأõӰֱӳǰһɫĹâӡȥ
ƺ׼΢޾ĴʯۣʵеĽɫâʱʯ͸ǽɫùӵޱȿµ˺γһ˺ѵķ籩ƻԽԽ¡
꣡ʵ廯һʯʵֱۣ壬ҲʯסԴطҪ
˺صĽɫ⻪ȻһɫУûһУ˺ϵʯʱƺ˹ĵĲʵİΣ෴кüͬʱ̤˳ȥٶģʻʡ
ʻҲóհ壬ղֱӳ󣬿ֱӳӡ˹ȥʹֻͨǴĵ·һ˿ᱻӵ
ͣʯ˲䱻˺ѵӰ٣Ĳֱӡʵϣɱֱ֮Ӵ͸ʵ塣
ʿХһ֮⣬˺ĻУʻʵ嶸Ȼ䱬ˣϿգħӶ˾޴ħӡնȥħʡ
ͻһĻʵ̫ˣʶû뵽ôݣʼҪÿһʱɱ֮ᱬǷĻԸʵܻͬήϡ
ըѳ޺ڰѷʳȫѪղŻʣ˿ȴԵüǱڷθ·𶼱Űɱݻٵ
ϧˣʻʵ˵˾䣬Ȼûɱʡ
ʣ˻֮սɫеʶʼͷŷˣƬճضѹ֣ԶȺʼںˣǷ·ܹԤսжôµƻ
㻹Ҫ𣿡Ц£ȫζأͬʱ߱ͬ˵Ĺʣĵ˶ɵ𣡡
ҶףҲһ
Ϊ߱ͬлߣ㣬㶫ζδ뵽İɣһΣڵĲʣһŶҵӰһˣⲽȻ֮
֮λ޴ǣңκֻҪװ磬п֮Ϊʵһ֮ʣͽ˵֮߱ͬˣʻӦ
ʣ̫ļˣֻ̨ɱ㣬Ȼĵ߱ͬ˵ԼʣڣҪҽʾ𣿡֮֮дɳƵöɫ΢΢һĿĶյ֮


1512 羡ͷ
ʶ֮Ӱ·Ҫ֮ص˫۾֪ڹըԼ
ߣ֮֮µǹһĨЦĻȣĵΪڽսͨãѾҪԶˣ
֮Ļ£ʵͫȻһͣɫ࣬ȻԷûƭԼ֮ƺȫƿ߾ơ
¡̮ʯ񷣬޾ķ汬ѣͬʱһӰеĹ泾֮С
ʣ
ȺһӰѹԵϸףϴǿҵ⣬Ȼʡ
֮û˵ңҲζšң߱ͬˣ
һ̣ȺоϺƳһ亹ڰ˻ľɱǱˣȻǰ˻ľʼ壬ң곤ʢ˥ң˸оͷ䡣
Ƿ泾УɲֻʵӰһЩ߱ͬװĺӰԼʡɱ֮ʡʡɾʡ
֮ĻģȺͷ鴤Ȼ񱤺Ƶ龰ɲ̨ҵĶԹǰ˻߱ͬ˵ĶԹ
սͨз·˽ɫ˿ߣ͸ſµɨгֵĴǿߣղȷ֪ͨǴսͨȻ뿪ţرѣսͨгôǿӰ
Ȼ׼ôȻͨȻ뿪֮Цһ
²ֹ˰ɣô϶ʻңҸղŻȷͨһ񱤣ӦʲôɣʶգûоԵİգ֮ǲܻ۰˻ڻڴ˵ģʻǵãϴ֮ɱʣʾ£ǣ֮Ҫɱ𣿴˿̶Щɣ
ʵɫһҲϴκ֮սԷԼӡǣʲôӡܹΪʵ϶֣Ϣ
ҪˣҪǣѾȷ˻ľҡ˾ռΪ߱ͬʡʣУλ֮˵һǶеλʵġ
ҡ˾ռҡ񱤣ıȷͬ˹ϵļλʶһͬж뻳ɣ˾ռҵλԼʱȻУ˾ռԼǷдȶ
ڵʣʱϷһĨ԰֮ɫѿ߱ͬˣ˻ĹУ֮
ʣΪŰ㣬˻ľô䣡Գͬ׺֮в죬֮ϣ˶أʹܵӦʵܵԣȻ֮֡
΢΢Ƭ̣漴ݽָƽ˵ֻҲУ֮ͨӲ֪
Ȼһڣڽɢɱ֮ƽȴʹõͷ΢΢˲ɨɱ֮һۣȴ̾ˣҵǱȻҪˣڽ˻ӶᣬڵĵܻţҲǲĽ֣ںԼһ
˾ռ֮ˣҲ֪˾ʵ
ߣϻһ˾ռҺһΪ߱ͬ
͡˾䣬˫ǰշ·𶼱ӶϻҪնɱ𣿡
֪ϻ˭֮ɨ˾ʣ
˾üʵ˭
ȺҲΪ죬ϻݲɣ
֮촽䶯˾ʴһʱ˾һ·ҪգûټƱʲôƱҲûʲô壬ԷŹ˾ռ塣
ϻǴ޽ˡ˾ЦȻ䣬ĽŲ̤˲Ϣʮء
ˣֲŤǰƬշӡĹĻ·תҪŤһг֣˾ʽŲŤ̤˳ȥ֮Ųߣڻʷ󣬴˿̵˾ռ壬ǷҲŷҪߣ
͡Ȼ֮䣬һƺڰĻ潫Լȿ֮Ƴ˾ʡ
˾ŭһ֮ţƬմڰ泯ɢȻǰз·һ˫ڰħۣ͸ſȼֲ֮ķֱ֮ȼ˾ŭХһŲȻ󳷣˲صԭء
˾ڱסԼһֻ۾ܵʹƱ淨˰㣬һֻĶƬչĻ˵˭
ʣȺҪĽ˻ڴ˻ľһЩ䣬˿վƬϵģѾǰ˻ľ󲿷ֵˡ
˾ʿλʣȻҪǿƿճȥʱ˵
˾ʣ֮ϱĨɱѵ㲻븴ôαؼ뿪֮ɳƵĵ⻰ɴ˾ʵʹ˵ģȴ˾ʴ˽ȥʱɱӵһ߱ͬ˵װ磬޷Ԯ˾ʡ
˾ʵǰĹĻƿ֮漴ֿһ˫ʵ⣬һսѣ
ս֮£ǧľ룬һӰ˸ţ˳Ŷһ·ǰС
ʦ֣Ҫߣаľһԭһ˺ȻַԼľˣǣͷԼʰѩᣬڤ˻Ƕڡ
ִټ뿪᲻𣿡ľаЦ£ɾſռ䣬Զ֮ϵĶ̤ȥ
֮ϣʹ˸оһ֮Уַ㿴Ƿ·ԽԽ̫в֪һ뿪һƬСģֻû뵽ôͻȻʦƺܼȻһֻΪǺã
ԽԽߣͺ׵ǼһľͷһȫǷŵѤƺַһۣ֪һҪ羡ͷȥͨľͷ̤硣
ľЮˣٶȺܿ£쵽˼飬ӹɣľʦѾƿǧ֮ЮǣַЩɣľʦ֣ûгɻʣ
ڣǰһ̫űλڶļ֮أȣѹǿľǣʵƫԼܲܳסѹ˻ǿεʵҪطѡ
̫űϣڣַ˵ĽŲǰ޴ޱߵ̫ͼ·ܻſһ


1513 ˫
ǽȥľ߽űĳȣ֮ͭɫ·Źűƾõ£ȺĽŲᣬڿտĹűһ
̫ͼѵͨʥݵַͨĿ⿴Ƿ·ʱܻſͼţͼԱߣһȻʹߴˣ
ʹߴˣľǵһʱտĹűлصľòϢ
Ȼ䣬ȺĿʹߴ˵ĵһƲ
ľһʲôû˵ֻﰲĵȴš
Ƭ֮󣬶Ŀİ׹ⶸȻͷŶʹߴ˵ĵ漴ȺֻĵĲ漴ȻǶĿĹĻҲ΢΢Щ
ʹߴˣľŵ΢΢ǷҪǰʥݣҪԷֻܸԷӡ
ʲô𣿡³һԵΪӲ
ַ΢ЩѾԷ⻰֪ʡ
ʹߴˣҵȴҪǰʥݣʹߴ˿֮ͨţľɱſ̬δĲ¶
Ҫûʱ俪ͨȸɣʹߴ˵ԵӲӦ˵ʹľжȻһ
ʹߴˣҵϣǰʥǣʹߴڳƬʱľûнκβ¶ƽ͵ĵ
Ѿ˵ʹߴ˼֣ʹľɫһľϣһŭɫ
ʹߴˣػְͨ𣡡ľ˼֣Ȼ֮䣬â˸һӰȺǰȻʹߴˡ
ʹߴɴһɵĳۣŲ΢΢ǰ̤ʱһɿµĺ罵Ⱥϡ
գûգ

ϣȺֻоһɹȾѹϣǵ˳ĹűȷˣӲĺ̫űС
֮УֲѹȺϣľһʱ´֮ȺЮţֻűеʹߴ͸һĨĮЦݣ˵´ע˵
˵գֱû뵽ԼĵڣƬ֮󣬱ʧϢټ
ûʱ䣿Ⱥͷӿһŭ⣬ʹߴȥĮƽиܵ裬ԷûдǽűУ˶ûʱ䣿˵ƺľһֱֱܿԷξܾ֮ľһЩй
ʦַ֣ߵľߣ˾䡣
û£ľĿ¶˼ɫ漴ָֻƽȺǻȥ
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չĻڱˣʡ˾ʡʻ֮칬ϻսѣ˺նȥѾ뿪ߡ
óշ֮죬ڶʵսʱ㿪ʼܣûĴ㣬˫̫սؽ·һͱ˿̵Լʣס·
峹⻯رնʱԡѪ·ǿ֮ĩ
ҪˣȺѾ֪˺˶ԶܵսĲϿշ߶ԸЩ߱ͬ˵ɱ֣ʵĴλдսȥˣ˻ĵʣصչʺ͵ʣҪɨ˻ĵ
ֻҪпɳܹ֮ߣҪԷȫǺõѡ෴߼ҪɱĿ꣬кʵһЩͬʱԼʣǱλʣڽˣȺѾ׼ۼ֤ʵ䡣
׻ʣһĨɱʱԳʶһλʿװʿڵǻɽµʣ׵ۣ
ƺΪ׵ۣʿ˴ԳһۣôԳͭ޴۾˷ã׵ۣһ֣ǲǻܲܿס
ʹط⻯Ϊ֮󣬷ǿЩ£˿ΧʿʻʡԳʡ׵ۡʣǹǿʣʻܹգʹûлڣǵʿòƻûֹ
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ƾǰݣʺʸǱɣֻڻʽԷκηĻᡣ
ˣԳʱľȻζ֮䣬֮ϣͷӰؼ䷢һǼ죬ͬըװ㡣
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ͷ峯ǰȥʻЦһʣ
£ֻо΢ֹ漴ǰԼ棬ʼʯǣ谭ǰС
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ʻΪΣޱȵңɻڿХͬʱһɼ֮ϢȻ併٣ɫһ˲ϵڿգЯǰ˳ȥȻһͼƸǰޱȣڰ֮ݻƣֱӶѷٻ٣ǵʿˡ
𣡡һָʵü֮ʱ彩Ŀ͸ǿҵĿ־֮⣬漴Դ˺ɫĻ棬ʼ
֮ʵӶ֮ϣʿӰˣ˫ֺʮһڱУĿˣ
ʵϣ۾һֱĿı飡
սһߣɱ֮ʵĴɱ֮Ҳ͸˵ʵԴ֮ʼɢȥλʣͬʱ䡣
˻ľӴ˶λʣȺаţѾǲǵڼλˣЩ£˻Ҫһλʶôѣһڣ䣡
ַ˴йñ㿴ʺ͵ʵ䣬ɫɵ΢΢һҲˣӴ񱤽׵ĻΪʷȫӰ˻𣬵Ǹɱ֮ˣΪվ˶飬˽յĻ


1514 ֵϵɱ
ôˣɱ֮ĿתַһˣҲĵӣ죡
Ǳʹߴ˺ˣ˵ûգ͸һĨѪĺ⣬ɱ֣죬ɱ֮ʵģѾ˼ɱ֮ƵϢƽվǣȴ˼Σյĸо
ûգɱ֮͸ź⣬Ŀ⿴ľһۣ漴ֿʣʶĿʺгֵ֮ԽԽʵĻˡ
Ҳʱ˾Ѿصл֮ص˾ռ壬˾ռʱΨд̹ǵı͸ſµ⣬ܱߵն·ΪķŭŤ
˾ʵǰֵģһƬķ֮أϺبһ߾߱ʬ壬УһЩǰӶ˾ռ屦Ⱥ
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䣡˾ʵձڵ޷籩·𴵷˳ڻսͬʱļ壬Ϊƽأһʣ˾˾ռ֮ûˣκһλʵĽ٣׽ݻٵֻҪܶݵʱ䡣
Щŵʬ壬ŵģѪȻǵʵֵӣǣѪĺǣգˡ
Ҫǣ˾ʶտһ֮Ť
͡͡һӰ˾ʵֱӶ֮ѪɽѣЩ˸Ӷ˾ռ壬а˻ĵЩʣҪ
ЩӰɫҰףڿգҪ룬ӵõ䴩أɶӰһ彩ӲѪʬ峯¿׹䣬׳ۣûܹ赲˾ɱˣΪɱ˶
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ȵΧһƬţս޻֮˾ʵĽŲ̤˳ȥ뿪˵أŤģޣûн֮ȫСУȻôܻ֪һлʹ˾ռܻ֮أ
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⣬ʺ͵ʲУң뵤ʣͬңһͬ䣡
˾ռɱλڼˣĨȥڣϷ֣еɢȥ๦Լ֮䵽УһЩĻϲ֮ŵŭ˻ķŭʱڽڵͬʱһЩһЩعŮ°ߣв֮£С֮ܶžˣΪ֮ڴʥΪ֮ء
˴˵ȴ֮⣬˻Ĳһսȫ伣·һҹûټȺףڻʶҪʼһʱˣҲܶʺ˾ʵıλλʣǵıǿµģҲֻܲãã˺У嫰˻ģ˺нҳɾͲôˡ
˻ľģճУһӰڴһ򵥵ĺɫۣòͨȴһ֮Уڵͫ׸һĨ⡣
ôкܶ˽˰˻ģ
ǻһ׵ַ㣬ʱվҸۡƬĲԶƬϿյһӰһ֮ˣȴ͸ɲϢַ㻹ʶļλʥӵܣʱվһλʮҵĻߣӿҲᣬֶվǾͺƳ忴䡣
磬˴λ֮ҶȻչؿޣȡճɻʣͷЩ˵ԭ֪Сص˿Űо棬ѵд˿̵һĻ
׾ͺãԹ죬ˣúúԼˣҪȻСӿ¶ܽ˦Ȼص֮󣬺úñչأ޵֮ٳ߶ԵĻѵһȴƽûвȻҪֱӳ֮ʵ֮·һǰУȵ޵ν޵֮Ҳǿƿ˷޵Ϳ׻ɱƿؼް޵ʵƿطǧ֮ƺҲԳΪˣ
磬ȥ֮һбչأӦ·ЩĴ磬곤٣ǳҲ׵Ľɫ
Х˵ͷĽɫһâ˵ԼʵãȻ֪ԲӲ˭ɵģ
ַ㣡һâɱ
лһҪǷϵΪֻŰһ٣Х
ɱ뵽ַ¶ɱ⣬ԥ˵ܹĻַԻɱģôַܻ飬ôɱˣ
Х³һʧɫһ˵ɱϣ˵֣ȻЩʧɵ˵ͷַ㣬ɱĻؼչأ
˵̸ûбܿˣԶַҲХһۣûκɫʣǿߵĸӦǷǳģ¶ɱߺĻԷ׸оõ
ƺʲôΪҸ֪Ƿ޵Σַа˵漴תճǽֵУճǲûΪҵ˥֮֮˸ַұӦȵ粨ȥ֮󣬶ճǣҪû䡣
ʦǰĵϢ֪ʲôʱңַţʹߵķӦҪ뿪˻Ķôף񣬶ԷȻܾͨ
ųǵУַ¶˼ɫȻڴ˿̣һɿµɱȻ佫ַ
һ˲䣬ַĽŲͣǿʢµɱ⣬ԼǷѹ֮ǡǧ֮ƣ·Լ塢Լƿţϣ˲俪ʼ˿˿亹ָо̫
ʲôˣַɫӲ֮ɫ޵ϢĽӽߣǧ֮ƽ·һ֮ܽɱû˻ϲָоģԴתѾ˼Ӧԣ


1515 ַ
һղַѾھƷʥռ䳤۵Ȼ֮䣬ַʧԭأֱӳǧ֮ĵط
Ȼһַ̣˫ڵ΢΢£Ȼƶǧ֮⣬ǹɹЮĿֲȴϣ·Լƿأǹɴڿʼѹ壬ֻ̼䣬ַһϢ֮УָоͺǱ˶סʺܣͬʱµɱԽԽˣ·ʱܻҪ
ַһθо˵Ľʱ뵽ԼǷǱ߱ͬ˵ĵһɱߵڶɱҵˣ߱ͬ˵ɱǵɱǿɱΪ׵δټ
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ˣһɶֱַ֮ͷַشƵɶ£·Ҫͬʱϵʯѿ쫷ͿռҲѹƵģǧĴƲı仯Ҳһʱ䣬һغ
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ˣһȻַֻоϵȫжսⶼҪԷһݻš
Χ˶Ŀַ⳯㿴ַܵϢǿʢ¶˺˵ɫĴʲô˾Ȼ˿µѹֿ֮ͷˮΧɫɫˣǸ˭ͷǿϢ˻ǵУȴֲˡ
ΣյȺͷţͽɱΰɣ
ˣֱַ֮УƺҪѹ
䣡ַŲ̤Ŵأ޾ĽͷŶϳһµѷ죬޷죬ַ嶼ڣͫ׸Ǻˣɨ֮Ⱥܿҿ˫ͫף·һۣǵҪ
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ַеǣǹɾɱɻڣѹôĿ£֮Ȼ˾
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ħŭХַ˷·½УɱһУɵĿ·âһУ˸ٽ
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ԶһַӻȻԶǴˡ
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ˣڴʱȺгһӰֱַȥХһ漴˵ַǰȻֱӽַ°ˣ̤뿪
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֮ХңԶ֮أǰȴѾûǰ˵ӰȻû׷ϣ
ֹһЩʱ̣ҲХ磬ô£
Х΢΢ҡҡͷҲûôһ£
ʵϣַԼףֱճһɽУ屻˷°ӰŽɵһȻ
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ҲֻǼΪͣص۷徳취̼һ㡣ԭַеɱ֣Ȼʦ֣ľ
ллʦַ֣侭˸ղŵľҲڲ״ʦֵĿģΪʦֲŻôġ
кκлģҲԣܹͻҲǿԼֻһ¶ѣľЦĳ۷ڵǿǶְܹ취ͻƵģؼҪԼ־ȻҲҪһ˿
ľҲֻһԣַͻãͻҲȨһǰĶַоԼҪܳ·Ҫߣ


1516 ö
ʦ֣Ҳ֮ˣַЦ£һգһɸǿжʱȻ¶һĨƽЦݡ
ҪҪдһľЦЦĵַϵЦݶʱʼ磺ʦ֣ô۸ʦܵģ
дѣһʵշģľƲЦַһâоսƣԾԾԡ
ãַȼսѪģȻľԸָȻһľʦֵֻкôʱַ䵽֮и̾ľǿ󣬾ǿµԵЩˣϢĳϢЩľҪɱ׾١
ңÿľվ˵ַ΢΢ͷһʱħͫĮƺַһս״̬ȴͬħɣǡ
ľϵϢȴǡǡ෴ܲľκεϢַ㿴õоľĴڡ
Ȼ䣬ַһ̤ɱ¾ħȭɨŴأ漴͵ĺХɱը죬âҪ͸һС
ľһĳʱ·ǧ˿ƣ붯ɱ¾ħȭ֮ϡ
ѣľһ֣ʱԵƥɱ¾ħȭȻħɢʹýŲַ̤Ӷ£ĽŲȴû˿ͣ٣˫ȭƿգɱ¾ħȭ֮ţЯſµĴ֮гֺڰ֮
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ַ΢ն޾գ¿֮ȫУŲٶȼ̤֮ϣƷ£ޱߡ
͡͡ľûж㣬ǧ˿֮գܹĸܵƬÿһǿַĹһ߽ţȻҲ¼䣬ȴľƺڴʱַӡºɱƾͺ޼᲻ݵĽһҪһС
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ʦ֣ԭóǣַͷ΢΢ǰľӰѹľʦֵôǿˣҸҲǼ£ܹͨһĸܵÿһطǿַ㹥ʱԸ֪һ㹥ǿһ㹥Ӧԡ
ַ㣬ĹѾ㹻ǿˣԸӵʯȱݣľЦ˵óȷ

ģ֮أ羡ͷ̫űУӰӹűһͷԽ̤˹űһλȻʹߴˣƬС磬һˣȻǶʣ
ʹߴˣҰе飬鷳ˣʶʹߴ˷ǳ˵
İɣȻҴӦˣȻʹߴ΢΢ͷ
϶Ļش¶Цݣ漴һȡһöָݸʹߴ˵ʹߴˣһ⣬Цɣ
ʹߴ˲Ľָ䲻ƬС緢κ飬ǣƿأ˵Ļּ⣬˭Υ
ǵȻЦŵʹߴƿƬС
ʹߴЦ£ʱҲǵʹߴˣұȥˡ
˵գӰƮȻȥ뿪̫ű
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ɽ֮УľַڲдţַǺˮɺ˷ܵսţȡÿһսľ飬Ȼڴ˿̣֮ϣһɳ֮⴩͸أ·ͻȻ併١
ţľüͷ֮ϣĿ¶֮ɫ
ֻ̫ԽԽ磬޾֮ϣ·죬нɫĴּĳ֡
ɫĴּΨ֣ʮ죡
ôĵľſµ⣬ŭǿңʹߴ˾Ȼ͵컻գ۸С
ʦ֣Ǻ⣿ַҲһּ̫ƬС˶ܹɣ񷼫֮صּ
ΨʹƹСǳ֮ԶСĹ򣬸ǣʮڣҪǰʥǣرͨľĮ
ַҲһһҪǰʥ֮أȴ⵽ʹߴ˵ľܾһΣȴǳʱ䡣
ľַ㿴еָһ̣˻ľĵȫ̧ͷطΪ֮죬Ȼʧǿϳ̫âĽɫ֣ͨ˱һĻԣʲôǿߣܹ֣
ˣʺͼλ̨һ𣬿յ͸ŭ⣬̨ĵӺ⣬Ǵûп˵ķŭ
ʵȻҲеĴ֣¶һĨЦ⣬аƹôС磬ʹߴ˵ҲЩˣԽԽ󣡡
ʹߴԼ˵ΪƬƹߣĻּ⣬Ȼûθʹߴ˵ĺôʹߴҲôģ
ʮСУɽׯ
ɽׯ΢΢̧ͷһ˿ȴɫ΢䣬üͷţ漴һâĮĵôĵӣȻö򣡡
Ʒͱ˵ߣһʦô£
˵ΪƬС磡ĻָƽƷͱƵٰһʵڿˣߣ
˵գ˷ƷͱƵڿգŰ˻ľķŲ˸ȥ


1517 ʵı
˻֮أճ⣬ɽλ֮ϡ
ԣ͸ű֮ɫһʱгһ澵ӣƬӷ·͸ģſµ֮
ȥȻ֮䣬ƻӶʱž뿪ƣϳ֮Ϸҡȥž¹âһƬƬ֮Űɢȥž뵽֮һʧˡ
һ⻪⻪ȻǾʵӰ۶ɣյĹžС
շ·ըһǵ뵽еĹžһ⣬˳ȥɨ
ﲻԶľַգȥȻʱľ΢΢£̧ͷտȥֻһӳǵϣ·ʲôϢֻһ˲⸡Ͳ֪٣͸նȥ
ַƺҲʲô΢΢̧ͷ£ľֲʲôַȻҲһƬ̱΢΢ҡҡͷ֪ô¡
ַľˣճУܿ죬ǿ߶кһԼϣȴʲôֲˣΪǾ̫ˣֻһ˲ûټȾǿߵٶȻҪֲˡ
ãأһ˼СУںսдսš
һζ׷ǿᣬУǿ֮ˣذɣУٶȣʯ֮սԺ䣬սޣᣬӵս⣬ƣҲ㣬ʵȻϣÿһӶеӳǿս
šս΢΢ͷ漴ЦȥϢһ£ն
ãձԱ߿ţ˿Цųʱ΢΢̧ͷ֮ϣ·һϣ׼˲䣬ַ·ʧΣȴһֱ˿֮С
ʦôˣպʵ
üʲô漴ֻҡͷȻ˿̵ɽ֮ϣʵϿգȻʵսһĻʱʵһɱ⡣
ʣڵˣ嶸Ȼڿգһ죬ϵĹžĻ峯Զȥ
ʴ˿̻Ȼδָ֪żλ
ֱտңһɾɱⱬʱʵɫ˴䣬ŭһߣȫߣ
䣡ձ·콵ʯʽŲ֮ʱ涼˽ȥļλȫݽȥǿµѷ쵱С
䡢䡢䣡һʯѣµ͸һУʵӳ֮ϣȻѹʣӡɱһƷ·𸲸أʹƬ񷶼ѹ˹ȥҪշѹһС
ʦߣλ̨ӿʳΪη˰ߣʱһɫ԰ס
ȫҹһŲٶһѷպϣʱֻܹ롣
䣡ޱȿµӡѹƷ˴أձһµѷ죬ŵʯײϱѪ
ƿǧ֮ƣʱ䣬ܹƿƬգʹԼķ֮Ϊ˶ʶԣش֮ϲʲôƣλǷ֮ǿȻãλܹģ֪ԼܿԽֺ蹵սֻƴ̨ӡ
ǶģһӲĿ䵽˼£ĻžڣЩ˳綼·һ˭ѳġ
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𣡡һضգ޾ʯΧĴ仯Ϊ棬ձ˺һӡ
ˣʽʵľ޴뵽޿ռ棬ȻȴĮһЦӣӵȥ
𣡡ʽŲ̤أʱ˺ѵշһƬض˺ѳΪƬ漴Ҳ׷ʳ޿ռ䵱С
һҵսƬأֻһѪעȱ˺Ѵصһ˺ѵ
սյȼֻһĿ죬ĶǱպϵգʦΪ˶տ⽫ģܹʱȫʦҲǶʵĶ֣
ʣôҵǵģ
ʱһĿ⻯֮ɫ
ô£Ӱǰ֮ǴԳʣֻ޴Ĳ̨֮˵ߣɫÿ
ʣɱˣ׷ɱʦȥˣɫ԰ףл֣̿һĺܿ־壬ĵףʦĶΪһֱʦֵܵģ˿̣ʦΣա
ˣһӰȻƾŲƶ漴һƶգŲ΢ֱ̤ӽ޿ռ棬һĻôԳԼλ̨ɫһÿٶȣǸٶȿ죬ƾŲƹһϢ
ʿԳɫ΢뵽һˣ׵ۣ׵սǼһʵֲܿû뵽ͻȻҳ޿ռ䵱С
ԳǰǺˣûп̫ʵЩģʵܿ£ҲǶһģʦΣա
ǻɽµ׻ʣԳ׵֮ˣַ죬ӦǰæġԳʿڵ˳ɻʲãսɲ⣬Ҫǿϣܰæ
յɫɲÿǸΪֻˣ
뿪Գʶ˵ʳˣ˾ʻ᲻Ҳ֣Щ˲ûаȫ
Ҫһа취ҵǣղʦҲˣһĻϣȻʧˣûйãʾɱˡҡҡͷղŷĿϸȻ²õʶȻǶʲôܹҳôֱɱ˹
ǰ˻ΣˣԳɫܹ࣬ҵǵĻ԰˻ĶԾһѡ
ʦ˵ǰϵĻʮڱҪ뿪ǱҪһֱһ𣬷ֹʺ˾ʵɱˣ
ʺ˾ʶλʣ߱ͬ˵Ѿҿ˫˺λʵȻɱǣλʵɱжֲõ˸ܲסһ֮ͱսʲصУȻ뿪֮ʱŲһ壬˲佫˺ѳɷ飬սһֻȱ˺ѵˣ
ԳΪȻĵ˵ͷ˿ҲʶжôأʮͶʵɱǷϵ


1518 ·
˵ȴյʲôˣλǿߣǺ̫Сˡ
ԳǰսȣܲտڵϵսкܲζԳһĬսǱλʵķ֮˺ѵģҪ̫ˣشɲһơ
Ƿˣս¶һ֮Ц
սպĹжѹ֪ΰο
ʦǼģһʲôҵʵΪûһսսЦţպĹֻܵͷֻհĸоĿһֱգʦܲܺúõĻ
ļٵĸоãڣղӰȻ˵ǰ
ʣ
ʦ𣡡һӰŲ͵̤˳ȥӰȻ׵Լʻˡ
ֻǴ˿̵ƺܲãȫѪƻû㣬Ϣôǿҡ
û£¶һ˿ӲЦݣյ˵˫óɱ޷Ƶķͷţ˫ȭз졣
ŭǺޣԼû
ʣһɱ֮Ǽ³
׵ۣ޷Żˣֹ۵Цţƿ֮ط֮ǿʣƿصշǿƶ£ҷ֮ԶǿӲֳܲסԷǱ֣֮ʵʹǰһ⣬׵ڹؼʱ̽¡
лǰյ˶׵¶˸мɫ
У׵ƽ˵ʹ¶֮ɫ
ʦ𣡡Զľַٵľ˲߿ռ䣬ǵɫѿ
ľַ㣬΢΢Ц£ҪϿ֪ͨ˻ʣӵܹҵǵıԴ
ˡ֮Уоҫ£˲ȥһţʹӶȻһ
ⶫ̧ͷǾѾʧαɨô᲻ױⶫԼλã󶫻ʲŻֱɱ
˻ĲܾˣľҲ֮أʻһЩӣǸܲסλʵɱץһһңʹöֻʮʱȥҪ뿪ƬС磬Ҳߡ
ռ䲨ʻʳֻɫѿڶһžɨӰ˻ġ
Ҫ֪ͨ˻ˡʶʻ˵ʻʵͷףҸѾȥˣơ
ʿЦҡͷշشȻû⣬ǣڸԼشʵܵشˣҪָˡ
׵ַۣ㽫Ŀ⿴ʿװαۣһʶӦöһЩ
۲ʣҲûƿַ֮شΪ׵ۿʵǵʥݣҵóλʻλϾǿߣǿʦԼҩʦκơ
˵׵ָָս֮˵øһЩ
׵۵ĻЩʧģǰ˻ľΨһóˣ񻹱Ĩɱڰ˻ģֻʥݲǿܹǣЩ߸ϵǿߣװˣʵ
ϣַԺһˣϸַĸоأشΣϾκãҲûӰԺдٽãټʥݵˣַ²⣬ҲһλǿߣǰΪ
ǣʥݣ߳ȥ⣬˵ں嫵ʥȥѰϵ㼣Ƭ嫵ֻһСѣ֪Ĵжô嫣
ȲÿҵƣγȥʵԵΪƽζȺܹõ֮ˣΪ˶ΪǶôʹ飬ܹõһδȬ֮ǰ綼ܽˡ
ͨʥݣֻʹػΨһһ𣿡ַһʹ߲ʲôöͶ̬ԼһʹߺܻܿŶʶԸǡ
ַʻλʵһڣֹһ
һڣȥǣԳҡԴƬС˻ľΪ˻ľһڣʮؾ֮أҲһڣ֮ǾأʽȥǱɣ˵ͨǳ߳ƬСˣ
ԣĳڲˣʻʵͷܣĵǾС
ʵ죬λʲΣܹ죬俪񷣬Ȼܹ߳ȥˣ׵ۿ˵ʹַĿһ죬֮֮ͬܳһƿƬ죬ܴ硣
ƬƣλʣλʵĹܹƿƬأСǿλʣλʲַ׵۵Ļţô˵Ƴ֮λʵĹ
˵ҪȥͱҪʹƿصͨˣ·;ߡ
˼ӦԵͬʱʻ֮ԼʿʼʱˣʼĻžΪĵڶ˱ַģַ׵һ𣬶ǿɱ⣬ҲֻʱǳʿҲ֪ʲôˣȻôǿ󣬾ֲͨķ򹥻ܹͨأǰ˻֮˵ĵƣʵʥһֲֿã׵¯ࡣ
ʱɱַ֮󣬶ʽʣڶʿǼŮһֱվһߵģһҪĻ׽Լ¯ԼǻδƷ֮ÿԸԼŪŮᣬأһץ


1519 콣
ʣʹ޵ı̨˵һҵ㣬֮ΪѰλʸ𣡡ʻʵԭû뿪Ǿȣڻʻ۶۵һ飬ֹܷһơ
λʣѰֻɱˣҪҵɱʵ
ҸЩʳ֣пеʡʼûԥ㿪ڵ˵òԩʹ޵Ŀ϶ܱסѾˣһϣ
ұϾǶʵѪЩѪұ𣬶ʱȻܵ˴̼ģչ񱨸һճֹģʲһ˶ΪȻĵͷ
ΣգַȻųһâμҸһս˺ܶ඼ЩʲǺܶˣо֮ʡɱ֮ʵȼˣҪ𣬳ˣԿ϶ҪѡĿܾܿʡ
ַĿ⿴׵ۣȴЩԥ׵ȥˣ˾͵סˣһֻأ
󣡡ַͻȻ뵽һط漴׵ۣһɹΣҺʦǰ󣬽ǰһЩ飬Ӧܻǰȫ
Ҳã׵ΪǿǼܹ嵽ʵˣٶȱȶʻҪ죬Ϊ˲ð˻ʼϻһãַĻҲʾͬ
ãһˣ׵ۿַһۣ漴Ųһ嶸ȻʧȺ̧ͷ漴ֻյ˼ӡ·֮·ʹĲ쵽˼飬תۼѾˣ˿ѷɫƿշʡ
µٶȣҪˡʻʿ׵ʧӰ˵
ǰǰɣַȺ˵Ҳܾûлؽˣ׵ۺܷģȻ׵۴ӦȻãǼһǸ˾ܴǰԸʣ¶ʲôˡ
ҲλϻʣЦЦ漴һ˾գл֮ؽǵķȥͬһʸѸ͡
лģַЯǿ߽٣֮ȻǿӭĹ㣬ľ˽֮뿪ˣҪȥ̨ٻ˭֪Ƿɱ̨ĵˡ
ַ㲢δðĴǰڣڽڣУϲ׽Ѿڽǰ֮£Ȼôǰȥַֻһ˽ڣ
ڣ˿ַ㣬ϵ¶һƵЦ⣬Ҳ֪һЩ˫չˣû뵽Ȼڵľ棡
أַΪ죬߱ͬ˺֮䣬ѵʲôزɡ
ǰʦǰһ棡ַ˵ʶ˵Ҫһ⽣ڣ˵ġ
ɣƽĵ˵ͷַ۷һ
߽ڣԵûǵ˫ɨһۣ̾ϢһҲͷһˣϧ
ʿƬ̣Ϊأ漴΢΢ĵǰᲢۣ
ʲôɣɨϣʰ˰ֶַ֣Ц£ַ㣬Ҳ
徭죬ȻӦ߳ƬСģɲʥǣҲܹĻͳɾͣͣ͸Ų̬֮⣬ÿһ仰ʸо΢Щġ
΢΢ҡͷڵҪ뿪ģ컯Ūˣеһλѣ߱ͬ˵УҲоעҺһλѵ˰ɣ
¼ʹìܳ׵ļԭеƽƣ
߱ͬЩҰԽԽͣͼҪ˻ľģֻܳŻл֮ʱ֣ʹڵĽ֣ǰҲˣĿ⿴ˣƽ΢Щ
˳ĬƬ̣վ˵ͷǵģػͨʹߴ˶Լְ𣬴ǣֻҪܹףռžǣǲܻһֱƽģУСֻеӶѣѾúܺˡ
ʿԼƺЩο漴ֻվɨϵ΢΢ĵǰһΣ
ң˿ЦҡҡͷҺһ֮ܵĴ޷ϣʲô֡
ǧǰص콣ʻ޷ִŵĵĻδо죬һԵַʺ콣ʵĶԻȴоâ˸š
ƽĶԻȴַ־Ķ֮УǶĵ˫˭Ϊδʦ˵·ʦһе㣡
콣ʣ˹ǧǰ߳ƵѾϵûʶˣȷǧǰеĽˣ»û˳ɣ
˵ӾȻַϣǴּƣЩּ룬ս֣ѾܾúܾûսǷȥս
ַ㣬̨ӶǣϣɣĴַļͷ
ʺ̹Ȼĵ˵ͷǵǰΪ˱סǣҵȲϧ
ЩϼһǲܣҲŻǰ֣ٴζ콣ʹһַ˫ֶסָ׷·Ҫ棬ʦҲԸʦֵ
ˣڶʳֵʱûڵһʱӣҲûαȫԼԷ֮ǲڴصУԼƿսΪ˱ȫǣ
ʲôôǿҵ̾Ϣһ֮˶ԼǼΪϧģܹԼȫ˵̫ˣһһλǿߣ˶٣ǲܹﵽʵĳɾͣ˭ȥ
Щ壬ȫԼߵʵˣǾĥѣû⣬ɳѣ̫ˣΪ֮Զиǿͨ˵עԽԽٵģֻв̤˵ͷϣǲܲԾȥ
һֱľôһֵܣҵʵЦ˵ܲã·뵽ֵܣ
ַ㿴ʴ˿̵ЦݣͷȻ޷סĲ¡
ʯôֵַ˸֮⣬ƾ콣ʺʵĶԻ뵽ѩ߶˵Ļܹƶϳµˣ
Ǭأ߳־ǿˣһ˻Լİ֮ˣһ𴳵һ·ǿֱл߳Ƭ磬ǣһİ֮ȴ߱ͬ˶ǣ˿ĸ֮·һĬĬĸߣһΪֵܡ
ҵ


1520 
콣ȻǵĿҲ˼ʣ૵һ󽣵֮·Ӷȱ֮ԸҵУû̫ģΨнҵ˼𣿡
סʵ˵ͷ콣鶼ûУƾʲôΪͬʶæأʵ£޹أһ󽣵֮ǺεȵļͣԶҡ
ǣǰҲַ㶯֮ǰˣ콣޷ִ£εǰ֪򲻻չǰַӴӦ˽飬գزǰ֮ɣ
ûз콣ʵ˵ĻַֿһۣЦҲΪû飬ҶСһﷴЩŲµ˼
˵ţ˲ϵ¶һƴ֮ɫǳǳЦݣһԵ˻ҲЦˣ콣һҲַ㣬Ŀ͡飬·ǳ߿Լ
иˡ뿪˽ڣַ㿴ʦ˺Ӱбø࣬ʦ콣̸µ̫ˣЩС֮¡
ǰ֮߱ͬͬ䣬΢Ĺ𣿡ַʵ
˵˵ͷһֱңԶ´ڰײţ߱ͬˣν߱ɱһӵгɻǱʵˣûĹỨ˴Ĵȥƽ޹ʵɱˣ߱ͬĿ̭һˣͬʱһˣЩ̭˾Ľ֣֮ˣס
˻ĵȻԸɳҪôҪô˿ƣͬһֹ֮ǿʱ߾ҪˣЩˣܿ߱ͬĿ꣬ͬʱҲΪ֮Ķͬ˼ϣǳΪ˻ĵδϣ߳ȥгһܹ߱ͬ
ô˵߱ͬ˲ǽҺ˾ռôˣַתԺ뵽˺ܶ࣬˲Եúƽ
߱ͬ˱˽С統ӣΪ˲ѪҺĵطԴԴһȣˣ߱ͬ˻ԶڣΪǱʼҲƽ˵ţ˶Իȴڹغž˵
ַ뵽֮ϣʵӳ֣ԼʦֵһĻڻȻˣ
ַܱеЩʶ֪ԼĵӰ㣬ֻ߱ͬ˵˺˵˲Ż֪һаɣ߱ͬ˱˫֣Ϊ壬ƾǰڲ
ԭھ֮ϣʦѾ֪ģǣûн¶ַѾ֪ʾ˵һӣһֱǣʣʹϵܺõĴԳҲǣУ칬ϻǣֻԼ֪ǣ˲֪
˵û֪ģ߱ͬ˵ǿҰģҪ˻ľƿһҲҰģԶˣ߱ͬ˳ˣ˿ʼѣϽ߱ͬУ˻ǵĿȴ·ܹ͸һУǧô򵥣
ַΪȻĵ˵ͷ˶ԣֵõģһ֮󣬰˻ĲſʼԸ߱ͬ˵Ŀ磬Ĩƽ񱤡ȥҡƽ˾ռ塢ɱʣ˵ܳɹ˶ʡ˾Լʵ޵ļ֮⣬߱ͬڰ˻ĵĸƽ
һĻһĻַԺзӳ֮߾Ĳ֣һ߱ͬˣò˵Ѿȡ˾˵ĳɾͣ˵˶ף⻹ԶԶĲ
⼸ʮСԣһʢ֮ӵҲ߱ͬҪƿ˻ľĵһԭҲǷҪأǣ뽫һڰ˻ĳɻʣҪȫͳ硣˵Ļζ
ϣܹɳܽ߱ͬ˱ʵնСܰ߱ͬ˲Զʧַ㿴˵
Ȼһȴ΢΢ҡҡͷǳЦˣ
ˣַܲ졣
ˡ˿϶ĵͷ֮£Ϊնһɱµ̫СһСܹ͵˲ˣʥݣΪСǵУС粻һ磬һΪԴԴ˲ŵ
ַɫһͣ漴¶ЦУⲻһ磬ôʵֲпĻ
ʥݵһ֮óǧҪСչС磬ͱڵС磬һ˲ţֻʮˣôǧꡢꡢʮأʮһˣһ˶ǾĥѳɳǵУһһλе𣿡Цһַȥ˼
һǿһˣֻҪһɳصĵزһ޿ɱĲƸ
һС粻˲֮أͬʱЩµ֮õط췲֮ͶС
ȻΪЩƿֵ˲ֱǲǿλʽ٣ֱӶȡСĿȨַ
ΪСƿߣһ֮仹ԼģңһСķչȻҪǿƻпܵʧ⣬ʧȥԭеĴڼֵ콣ĵĶַţһַ㣬ͼַָ㽫ĿŵøԶַܿͻ߳磬ҰҪأ
һַãڣ촽䶯Ŀڵ
ʦԸϣ߳ȥˣгһܹƿ磡
콣ַĻ¶һ˿οЦݣڿôΨоԵʵõǿĻȨƿ磬ܳ׽粻ѹȣεƬ֣Ǳƿ̣
ַ콣ʶû˵콣վɨŽڣеһƳַǣ˼Ÿղŵ̸Ҳ˼ʺ콣ʵĶԻ磬ԶеҪ̫࣡
ԭÿһսǿ߼Ĳģ


1521 Ψһ·
׵ۺʻ֮ˣˣʣɱ֮ʡʵڻԼǵĵӡ
û˱ɱȻˡ
һԺ䵱УøĹСźţû뵽һӽȻΪ˰˻ʾۼ֮أȻĹΪ˷ܵģЩ˿ɶǿأȻ֪ЩģΪѾأѾһ˵ϻˣɻʣԶ
ڲǰַ콣̸۵ЩĹǲ֪ģ֪ڣеˣǽ콣ʣ֪θ롣
ζ׻ʣҲܹȻվת䣬⣬˫еĸмȴеģ׵ҵ˶ʣȴĽǻԵģʶʵķ֮ˣ޷ϣǽлԵʵ޻ǰˡ
׵һֱŶʣʹܹ˳ʻϣʻ֮ҲͷЦ׵۵Ŀ⣬Գ׵ۣΪƫƫȴֻʾѣȻսȴԺλˣǿµ
У׵Ǹַ㷭˷ۡ
ЦЦĿ⿴ַ㣬ַΪѾ֮ϲɺأ̨λʣ²̫Զˡ
׵ۺַĹϵ׵˵УܹˣȻַˡ
ǰˡַЦ
ǷһζԸˣ˲ǲһֱһɣһɢʱɱʻվߣ˵һĻʱȺ¶һĨ֮⣬ȷʲڻѰ
ˣʹߴʮʱ䣬Ҳʮڱ뽫µͳȥûлᣡʱħʽſڵʱȺħʵϣ¶˼ɫ
ʮʱ䣬һαܹȥҲʼɱҪ˳ȥͽȥˡ
ͳȥҲǾһʿ˵һʹһͳȥˣҲǾһ
ڻڰ˻ķչҵʶṳ̂ƬС磬ͼȵԼøǿ֮߳ȥˣģЩ̫
ȻʴӰ˻߳ȥˣԼĻҵǰ洳Ǳǰ˻żἰʧʣֻǴ˶űΨһЩﱻʷǣЩ˶¹Ũصһʣ˵콣ʣ
ҲλҲ֪һЩ߱ͬ˵ı󣬻һ֣֮ƿСһУ֣֮ǲ߱ͬͻȻǿҪ˻ľĿ֣Ȼǵõģǵĵ߳ͨӲŴֵοʹߣҲһ
ǸΣĿϣ΢ͣʵĻԽԽˡ
ʣ֮˰ɣɱ֮ʸֶһ
ǵģĿɱ֮ʶӣ̹ȻϣңԳҲǣв칬ϻһε֮ҲЩ޷͵ǣλҪ˵Ļ߱ͬˣ翪ʼ֤ǵҰٰͣպ˶µĹˣһȥؽ뻢ڡ
ҿ֤ʵĻЩϳֵɱ֣ԼһЩóǿʼǲҺ˾ռҵˣǱǱǰǲ֮µģȴָ棬ζҪȫƿذ˻ľģʹ߶ˣ
ʻʴҲ˵һ˶ʵĻεģʣΪ˻֮£˶ش
ʻʣЩ͵ϮԼʦˣһ£
Ǳ߱ͬ˱ƿصˣӦú߱ͬԼ֮ǱڵԼйأеܹ߱ͬ˵еȴԷȡʻʻӦĿȴǿʡ
Ҳʣֻ΢΢˵ͷȷˣԼһƺ㣬ȻƽɲˣԼҲƣǵ߳ȥĻر߱ͬƿأ
ûκΰ취ɱ֮ɫӲ߱ͬ˱εĴǲû̫ȣֻƽⱻȴ·Ϊ֮ָоܲá
һ취ĿɨȺʱ˵ȫʵϡ
ȫ߳磡³һж¶âҲģ߳ȥʣ߳ȥ
ǣȻʹߴ˶򣬶Էô߳ȥ
ʷ·ǵе뷨˵ԣֻһ·ߣȻʹߴΥôǽ£ǿҪͨ˶߳ȥֻлᣬΨһĻᣡ
ٳʹߴˣɫһܷ뷨ʹߴΪͨͨƿߣĵλݳȻ⣬˶ΪʹߴҲӲ֮µģֻػͨѣʹߴ˸ʮ֮ڣѾΥˣԸڻжŭ⣬ȴû뵽ʹߴˣȴ˵˳
ƺȷΨһĳ·ԣҲ취ˡ
ٳʹߴˣ̸ףħʸ̾
˵ҪλһЭˣһ취ʹߴˣԼ˾ǣʱͬģסһ߳ȥ磡ƽ˵Щʣо˿˿Ѫ֮⣬߳ȥ磡
ڻʽٽǵϢֶߣͬʱʹߴŭ֮Ҳ˳ȥصʹߴˣعձǴ֮ء
ʣҲԼĲʹߴ˲ٵʹߣȥ
һʹߴ˴ڵϢʼӶɲΪŭʹߴˣʹߴֵʲôݣ
Ϣ˻ʴȫֽǣԼµӣȥˣȥֻ֣ЩǺ⣬ϢȻ󲨣׷ʲô飬˻ҪӴ˶ڽǣȫ
ңԶĶ֮أգۣ̫֮űУȾͷһӰվǣɫ䣬͸һɹɺ⡣
Ϊǵ𣿡ʹߴ˺˵վԣЦǿҪŭʹߴҲ˵
˼ǣǹǽʹߴüͷЦһȺ֮ѵ붯ʲɣ
Ѱ·ЦĿƴ͸գлķ


1522 ׷ľ
ԴϢȥ֮󣬽ǵ˶Ȼл֮صŽǻ۶
ɱ˻ʣ˻۽ǣìͷֱָʹߴԼʣܹȺĿ⣬ʹĿ
ַڽ֮УַߣʡʻʣԼ׵ۣΪʵĴڣǲҵģڰ˻֮أͨصıǵ㼣
ˣһǵĿ꣬ʹߴ⣬жʣҪٵǼĻ˭ȷ߳Ƭ磬ǷҲܹͨǱҵأĻǺΣգ
յУһ£Ȼ˵ϣֻһ˲䣬ȴַǶͣ˽Ų
Ҫˣͷ΢⽵٣ѾܹȷλãҪʼ̽ˡ
ַͥŲΪڽɢԵø⡣
ַ㣬ʻʻʣϢȻģ˻ʶ۽ǣַ˲ûʲô˺׵ı˳ʣԵΪǸ߸ϵĻʣҲͬһڽֵ֮С
ǾȻ߶ţʿλǿߣǽ٣ЩǷǳΣա
ǵʿʲôˣҲʣע⵽׵ۣһۣһɷģ˫ȴ˷ǳĸо˿ûеʿӦеĳ֮
Ͳˣǻɽµ׻ʣΪߵʱͶӰλǿߣ̤ʾʵĿ£жԹЩ˵˵׵۵Ĺ¼һ䲻ôߵļȴǷǳ䶯˻֪ģ˳
䣡Ȼ֮䣬һɾ֮Ȼµ˼£ַֻоһشѹ˲Ϣ٣
ȻɿϢٵɲǣ׵۽Ų̤棬ʱµĹĻ֣ǿҹâ漴һ˵Ӱͬʱʧԭء
䣡µ˺Ǹղڵĵط漴ʵӰյУǿṥ˺ѳһѷ죬ȴѾûַ˵Ӱӱ䣬Զա
㣡ŭХһǳʿ겻ɢƫƫٶȿ쵽˼飬·ͨأʹһһգһξ쵰һ·׷һɱ˭ʿϵǰ潫˴ߣɷ
ǣ֮УȻֿ׵磬ֻһӰ̤ſɵİۣԡھ׵統Уһ׵·ĴӾ϶ᴩ£һ׵ʮָ֮ơߣ֮⶯׵Ҳ
ʲôˣų˾ȻŪ׵磬վǣȴָ׵Ƿ·׵ķ룬׷֮ˣƹ׷֮ˡ
ʹߴˣ׵ַߣһӰƿսٶ˲ǵĿⶼŪ׵ǿߣļɵλȻʹߴƿصľȻǿ񱩵׵編·ƹ׷˵һִСƹߡ
˵ܶ˶Աʹʹߴ˴˿ûǰºͣĿ͸⣬׵ָżܲϵ£ȴǡûд棬¡
ʹߴ˵ЦˣҵҶʹߴв֮ģʵЦ£ǰֶһӰ˾ҲˣԷݣλʣС磬ݾǿµġ
㵱ɵ𣿡ʹߴһ񣬺һ׵㣬ʵϣһ֮С
ƺףΪʹߣ֮أЩ˵İɣһ׵綸Ȼǰһµ֮ϣȻһĶڡ
˻ȷ˵ʹߴ֮£ǷΥְ˵㲻䣬ƺûдɣƽĺͰʹ߶Ի˵֮ʱüλѾʹߴ˵֮أʻ֮칬ϻ
˵ĺܺãΪʹߣù֮£κң֮أұ㲻òˡʹߵȻҲע⵽ʻ֮ԼϻǣȴԵú⣬СУôܶԸЩ֮ܣøǺúõһˡ
ʿʼʻ֮ţ˾ʣǺϻš
֮׹ʼʵ˵¶һĨ֮⣬ʱжǺܽŵģǲʹߴˣڰ˻ĵڻʣǸѡ
ʣַ㣬˰ɣ׵ۿ˵һܹشַΪǰ˶ԣ޷κãΣգҪ뿪
ʡַ΢΢󳷣ʹߴ˵һɱ⣬Ϊʹߣգ׷֮ǣ
ɱ
ʹߴ˻£ʱؿȻ֮䣬ַϿ֮أ·׽ٰ㣬µ׷֮Ƭ춼ڵסƬػɫɫ׹⽻֯ţ漴׵£쵽۸޷ϡ
ַɫ΢䣬׷֮ٶ̫ˣ޷ܣʹߴ˾ó׷
ǣ׵£ȻַȴȻվԭأֻϿճһӰſµ׷֮ԣȻ֮ˡ
ߣ֮ЯַʹȥƬռ䣬ʹһŲ΢̤Я׵糯̤ȥߣ
ȥһͷȻʹߵǰһλӰ΢âţµĹĻû׵֮ڵĻ潫ضȼðʹ߸ܵһΣС
ʹе׵˦˳ȥʱһ׷֮⴩͸գǹĻ֮ϣ̼ĻըѣʿӰˣȴվڰʹߵǰ
׷ľʿ³һðʹȻһͣ׵ۣǺˣ֪׷ľ
Сˣô֪Ĺ
ϵĹͲ࣬ôģҲ׷ľˣ׵۵¶һƵĳЦݣʹðʹһ˫֮кƶ׵֮ɱ͸գ׷ľһλǿʢĴǿ˵ôĹд
ʵ׷ľȷ׵編֮Ϊ׷֮·ƹ׽٣Խѽ׷ɱ£ҹٶȺܿ죬ͬ׵һ׵ôܻһǰĹһҪ˵
㶮ʲôʹ߷˵¶ɱ⣬˲λʣӦþǶ˵ˣܹвλʡ
ϵž׾žԴ׾׷ľѵã׵Ϸʵ˵ʹðʹɫһ׵˵ļ飬ϵеĿ¹ž飡


1523 Х
͡ʹߴûж˵ֱһʱŵ׷֮âЯ֮׵ۣŵ׷֮·վ·
׵˫ͬ£Ȼ䣬֮Уһ̫·˫֮ת׵ǰһһµԼͼηȼţҫ֮⡣
ŵ׷֮⽵ϣͼ飬Ȼ׵۵ӰȴƮǧ֮أĿⲻͣţһɲǰ˻ĵʣʥλʣͰ˻ʸһģʹƿŴСͨ׷ľ׷֮԰ǳֱܹƿյλʣܹսʤȷϡ
֮Ӱع飬ڶ֮µ͸һĨ֮⣬ҪʹģʧˣԷǵڶλᣬжʣҲҪ£
׵ۣȥסʣҪлߣ֮׵۴˵׵ϢĴһսȥȻʹߴˣʹȥ
һĻʹðʹ¶һĨɫ֮
ʹߴˣ㴥ˣ֮ɳƣлżֺ⡣
Ƭأ׷˭ܸҶʹߴ˵
عܵͷġ֮䣬漴ֻʹЯ׷̤

ַ㱻֮͵˺Զĵطʡʵ˶ߣЩԶƬս֮أֻеȴսˣλʣ޷ּսˣ
ʱԶգӰ̤ǳԽԽַȴоһɱ⽵Լϣ̤Ӱ
ԼĴ磬ǾҲ˽ǣ
ַ㣡ХĿֱַ㣬н֮⣬ǳǿʢ¡
ַûХ֪ʣ
ԼҪԼ֣Хһ
ַüͷ΢ХΪǷ𣿡
˵֮ʱַ۾ϣ˫оǿҳ֮⣺֣ܶѾжôˣ
ɫӲ·ַ㻰̼ɱ΢
ХԼܵ񲻾ʱַĿ棬ŲȻ̤ղƽ֮죬ɫ֮񷡣
Ϊʣ֮ˣЦħʽŲһ̤ħƳХĴȴХûб䶯ֺȻֱ̤ɽͷſ´͸֮޼᲻ݣͬʱɫӡħʵײһ
䣡ħʵˣֻоֱһ鷳Щϵ¶ѿɫͬʣȻһƱɡ
һȺĿ֮ʲôХۻӶŲٶȳǰ޾ɫ֮ѹȺϣɽӼλ
ȥȻܵشܹ֮ģһʱĳɽ壬Хѹȥ
Хδֱ̧һƺ˳ȥɽ廯ĩХֱӴɽд͸˳ǿʢޱȣĽɫӡ޼᲻ݡ
ַֻоһǿʢѹ֮ٵԼϣʹһХʵһλǿߣͬһзȴħҪǿʥݵʣͬȾУձҪСǿ
̽ʲôХҲͬĹһŶֱַ֮ϡ
ãӰƮ̤Хǰ¶Ц·ҪݣȻɫ˫ֿȻûа仯֮ļܱӰҡ
ɫӡؼ䣬޴Ļƽʥ£֮Ļƽʥ֪ǿĶ١
ɫѿХ֮ͬһ᲻ɴݣĻ֮Ȼҡ˶Էּͳ̶ȷʵ˸о¡
ХӡҲ˿޼᲻֮Լ־Щͬʶ赲סǰĲֻɫһۣʱַֻоһιޱߵְͬ㣬ʶԴƵƿɷ֮˫عɺ޵ֿҪǧ֮ƣܶԷʱܹ
ռһɿ˳ɫĹӰЯ֮Ա߹ХĿȻת˼£ʱһƽʥӡϵĺڹӰ֮ϣХҲ΢΢˼֣漴λʶվַǰĮעХ
ộХֶദһλʣӲƽ֮ɨʡ
ΪǿߣԸоԺ𣡡
νԺԺֻѵһѣ˶ԸҵܵܣҾɱкβɡХĮڣ漴ٶѹ£ϻƽʥͷŵ£Ƭضɫʥ֣ʥ֮޼᲻ݡơ
ɱХ嵹ѹȶ£ʱǧƽʥӡҵĳ¿պȥԳʴܹ趯ճһƬ಻ĹӰ·Ҫڱգ޾ĻʽʥӡɺɱӰٶۣʥӡ˷
Хһʱ³һڻƽʥ˲ͻ˹Ӱַɱȥ
𣡡Գ󣬻һͷ޴ԳһӰţ¿ճɨµʹձѣХҲ¶һƼɵ֮⣬漴ٶȳַ³һ֣߾
𵴣µĲ·ֱַԺУХڿգԳʵʵͬһ㣬Գ࣬ɱַġ
ųյХӰַ͸һǿâ裬ʵ֮ǿӹɡ
òҪҿ㣬ĻҲХӲɨ¿ԼַӰЩ˵ʵ̸䵥ұɱ
˵˻ХӰХ뿪ܿʧ


1524 콣ʳ
˱ᣬͬΪλʣȴҵʿХȥӰ˵
ûʲôñȽϵģֻСУܶԼս֮޷õԼģֻǴĿԼ߼򵥵Էй֮¡ƽͣǿúܵ
߳ȥЩϼһҲúúôһˣԳʽɫİӿڼͷͭľ޴ͫ׵͸һĨ֮ɫ
ַ㣬ͬԵúƽХ֮ѹҪ֮ģΪ̫ˣһ·̤ʵأ֮·ͲεȥһǰΪʵԼ仰ҡХȷǸԳʵˣĶսûսʤ
ƽԶȥ·Ҫ͸ռ俴ȥǿµս
Ƭռ䣬ս֮󣬷Բ֮رûӰҪǶڲ֪Զ֮͵ţսನֲ̫ˣʹߴ˵׷֮Ĺ׽һǿؼſ޾׷ѾԲʮɨ˷档
֮ѵĺʹߴսţ׷֮Ĺ̫ǿˣΪλʣһҪСս
ֻʱʹߴ˽Ųǰ̤׷ǰ׵磬ʹߴĮֱ䣺Ƭأ׷Ҷ춷
ʹߴ˵ͫ׵У׷֮⣬֮͸ҿ˫ͫףȴоͷһԣ׷֮Ȼͨ˫ƴ͸壬࣬ʹߴϵ׷֮⣬ԽԽʢ
յʹߴǰˣ·׷֮ȫ޾֮׵磬ĽŲ̤׷֮ϣƬط·𶼳׵硣
ǻþ֮ӲжˣΪ׵磬ʹߣƬˣƹ׷
͡Ľâ·׵ƿ޾Ľâ׺͸ʹߴɫȻһֻͣоһ֮âԼͷ֮ϣԽԽɽ⣬Ϣ
˭ʹߴɫ΢䣬漴㿴һλյûнˣͷ·һ޷ֱӵ֮֮أ׷ֻ̤֮׷Ҫˣ޷赲档
ʹߴ˿ˣɫȻ΢Щ˫̧׹ȴ׺л̤ǹϢ֮ȴԽԽǿǿ󵽷·Ҫݻ
˫оſµ׷֮ȻȻ֮䣬ʹߴֻ΢΢˲˵Ľˣ֮콣â̵ʹߴ۾оʹ޷˵壬ԽԽ
ʹߴҪߣƿŲȴַ콣֮£û취ߣһͷӭĿǻһˣôĿ˵Ľָʺ֮أϵ׷֮糱ˮȥ·ת˲ʧӰ١
콣ʣ˿ϵƷ·ʧˣȡ֮罣ķǣް֮⣬Ǳֱ罣
Ƭأֲƹܣֻ߶ѣ콣ޱߣʹߴо˿˿ʹ۾ֱ콣ʡ
ǿǽߣ޷죡֮֮µĿ¶âҲûϵ콣ʾôǿʵѣؾ
ʹߴɫܲÿƬأֲƹܣ߶ѣ
Զʺ˾ʿʹߴ˾Ȼסɫ˲䣬ôᣬƬС磬ôּǿߴڣȫһܷƿ
ʣ콣ɨ˫Ҳͬһڶʵϣ˿̶ڿռѾʼϻʡ׵š
̰ᣬѾԽˣӽ𣬰˻֮أ߱ͬ֯ڣ콣ƽ·ƬףĻּ⡣
Ⱥİ콣ʵĿʵȷʸҪƬ磬ףҪˣ
ȴɫӲ˿̵Ҳµ˵ݣڽɲߣȻ˻ĵ콣ʡ
⣬ܹѰ˵ıｻ֮ƹܰ꣬ԼҪȡ콣ٶ˵ʹöɫһͣɫӵѿ
ôҪԼ֣콣һȻ䣬·콣âХȻ併ٶϣʹö΢ʹߴڶԷǰͬľż㣬Եô콣ҪɱĻᱻɱ
һǰת棡΢΢鴤ŽĻžȡ콣ʣ˿ͷڲЩ־壬Ļž콣ȥ֪ν
콣ʿĻžһۣ漴˻ĵͷ΢˿֪ʵĵӺζȻ붯ǧǰ콣ʣ
콣ʣҲǺַʶģϴγΪ˰ַ㡣
ַһҲ֪Ƿ̫ˣǿĵʿ죬콣Ҳн飬˴û콣ʳ֣Ƕ·ߣҪʺʹߴ
ˣƬҪˣ߰ɣ콣Ŀ⿴ʹߴ˵콣ʵһӰճ֣˻֮صʾȻڴˣǴԼĺ󱲣׼̣Ҫ߳Ƭء
ʹߴ콣ƿֻ֣콣ΪΪת漴һ˵ӰŶ֮عȥһֱεĽţоѹֶܣ·ɣʱɥƹߣȴ˿š
ת˲֮䣬Щ˵Ӱȫʧ˽ǣȻ䣬Ƿ·յ࣬ʵϣֻһȺ뿪˶ѣһȺˣ
ûпˣ콣𣿡ӰĳŸղսĵص˸п͵ĲţԶս̫ǿˣƹص׷֮콣⣬λǰûмǿߣÿ£磬жǲ֪ܣ
ʵ˵ĲпᣬӴˣһжôûдһزٵС綼
Ʋ㷭ȻɽׯߣսϢɵɫ΢һ
˵գ־˿磬ԵӰ뿪
ͬʱ֮أ񷾡ͷ̫űУ嫵ĹűΪ˵Ľ٣ûԵÿյʹߴӡ̫ͼ֮ϣһ̣ƬϿ֮ڷķ۵̫ͼ֮ϣ漴̫ͼӰſ¶һ֮ţͨʥݵ֮ͨţ
ȥһ磡ȺţмȻ֮⣬Ҫ뿪Сôʱܹ


1525 һս
ַͬһ״֮УĿ⿴ǰµ˵ղ·۰˻֮嫴磬ԪܻǻһӴ硣
СУַʵѾӴһЩ飬˵߱ͬ˵ı֮ǡʮɽһǣоһǿʢµ磬ΪСпվڶһΣֻȲվ棬һ˴Уʵ㲻ˡ
عͷַ㳯Źű֮ĿһۣһԽԼҲԤϲʲôʱǴлһž޴ڵЩ߳ȥޣ˭Ҳ޷Ԥϻᷢʲô
ȥɣ콣Ƿޱߵѵ¶һĨЦݣַ΢΢ͷ
ߣһȥһȺ׷ߵ֮ǰˣʹ߸ʮʱ䣬漴ʵɱʼһУʹҪʮڸϽ뿪˻֮أ̤ʥݣ֪ϢӹɣһˣһŴڵ̤ȥȺ
һŲͬʱ֮߹ȥ֮ţһϵĽţַ콣ʵͷʾ⣬漴Ҳһ̤һ֮ţܿ죬콣ʡʹߴԼ֮⣬űбûˣֱÿյ
ʧˣ콣û뿪ָ֮ʹߵʺ֮ĵԺԼı֮£磬ֻһ˶ѣΥص鷢ұ֤Ź㣡
ʹߴɫӲ΢΢鶯ţھԵʵǰ緢Ȼ޴棬һΪԼƬƿߣΪƿͨӵûеȨңӵ֮˶޷ǿʵ콣Уֻߣ
ַ֮һ˵ӰٴγˣǴ˿̶һĸоͷһۺһͷƵչĻô򵥵һţȴŴС磬ͷĹĻ֮źû̫ǿղ²һܻȥ
νһһ磡
̤֮أһű棬ǰĳһֱͨ棬һƹߴ
Ѿ˴ôȺ̧Ųȥӯ·¾ʲô㣬ܿ죬˵ĽŲȻһɫúܲÿ
׼սɣǲǶʣԺ֮ûκεĳ̬ǵǽǻ׽ˣǷȫһЩƽ˵˶˵ͷŲ˳ųȥ߳˳ȣ龰
ɳ˵ϣ΢Щۣ֮⣬ȻһƬ嫵ɳĮ֮أɳأкХķɳ
Ⱥǰ뻮һӰվǣɹɳϵĴϣȴɰֱվǣֱ̤űһɲǣǵ۾ŶȻſһ֮â
ʮ챳ıɣȺţʹߴֻʮʱ䣬ЩˣȻ׼ʮ죬ֿµݣκε⣬һˣץһˣ
̫ˣ
ǿݣԸ˿߳ȺˣƲһһ߱ͬ˱˫֣Źκһ
սסǣǻ֮ˣӣɢӣƬɳĮܴжԶ߶Զһ˵ĶУ漴˵ĽŲǰ̤˳ȥ־棬Ψһսˡ
䡢䣡ȺĽ£ķɳȻ˳ȥߣ˵Уǿ֮ʹȺǰһΣ޾ĿҪȺ棬һŹ
֮ǰһӰ̤˹һޱ߳صľ޴ѹѹЩûȥⱣǻ֮˵Щ˲ɱЩ˵ģɱǵĿģǵĿǻץã
ڻɳ֮УһֿµĻͼƹĻɢ漴ĻԽԽ貣Ŀ֮ûһУһͷͷѿϵ
䣡һӰȻƿն磬Ӱֱ֮˷򣬾սߡ
ħʣַ˫ȻһߵӰȻħʣûս뷨ֱߡ
ҲħҪߣ΢˿˿̾Ϣһ˸־߱ͬ˵ĿʵЩʣǸصЩǱ󱲣ħѡԼ뿪ԼľҲûܹʲôȻܶв
շסˣħʵӰֻܿˣɫѿղŶ˲ڼʮĵطȴεƬշˣҪߣô׵ģ
˿ȺѾʼ˴սȴһԷǿ󣬻գ·ߡ
׵ۣȥƿԳʺһ׵۵Ĺܿ£ӵǿĴ͸ճɻ֮ʱ˹޵еʣȥƿǷٺʲ
ã׵۵˵ͷʱȻҲƳʲôγΧ˸ȥӿĺɫ֮
һֻɫĴӡȻ䳯ַץµĴѹַ֮ϣǴӡĿ죬ҳź֮С
ŭһ嵽ַǰֻץַĴӡȻ͵£漴£۳һµɫʯ֮ݺݵʵϡ
һɴײԼ壬ʵײַϣȻܹشԼȴЩұشײοǺʥݵǿײ˲䱻Ѫӿ
ʦ𣡡ַ㱻ݺݵײֻо㶼ȴŵĿʣ״ܲãԺвʺ콣ʵĶԻѡԸԼҲҪȫЩӣһԣһֱж


1526 ľ
ַʱڵϣԷȴ˿ûţ̤ɽ·ÿһӡɽһ
µʯӡٶȴʯӡ֮ϻĲĹ⻪˸ѹأֱʶǺʵϣַĻʦѾֹܲˡ
ַ㣬߿һַţʱַ˳ȥ
ʦ𣡡ַͫ׺˱ɫĿЩ֮ͨ⣬ʦ
ѹصʯַзźʵǿߺһó֮طʣķȴʸǿһЩҹԺʵЩʥݵʣͬƺձҪȰ˻ĵҪǿ󼸷֡
һֶֻȻʵǰǰӡ֮ϡ
ʦַ֡³һɳƵĺǴʦľǹὫʦֺʦһѹģʦûгɻʣֵܵסѾɻʣҲһֹܹܵ
ַĿǰһĻǣ龰ûг֣Էӡûкеľѹͬڿն
ľ͸һɿµɱ֮˫ͫסѪַûº͵Ĵʦ־ȻҲѪһ棬ǧ˿Ƶ˿񷣬ȻǧֻӡȻ䳯ŶԷȥľҲһ⣬˶Է
֮ԷһѤɫޱȣɴݻ٣ǧӡذ˷ϣʹҲݣ۾ϵĻζš
ľ̹ǣ˫ƺ˶Էϣַֻǿϵױ漴·û˰һлζţľûзŹ˫һУǿƺ֮ϣ¡һֻ֮ǿߵķѣըˡ
ôܣַоҵĲţղһĻĳ̫ǿˣһǿʣշѹʦʵʣȴʦֻɱʬ޴棬
ַ㱻𺳵ˣսʶɫһĿ⳯ͶսʼڲƬ̵ʱ䣬˵һλ䣬λʣȻʥһʣɣһ۵У
̨ĵӶһĻ𺳵ˣʦ֣ôǿ
ϻƣ㻹ðɣľʵһ֮ɫַһϻƣ
ʯʣ
ַг֣صĴʦ֣ʲô޵ʯʣ̨δʯʣʵһֱ̨˵ߡ
ϻƣַ૵־֮£ַǾȻ¶һĨѵõĲЦݣΪλʦֵЦѹָղŴʦֻ¶ǹɷѪɫѾܹһˣһǰҪɱֵܣʯܲߡ
ʦóӵп޵֮䣬γһĬĬػַţ̨ĵȻ˺ܶķ꣬ʵһֱĬĬػǣСʱĨɱʯʻľ䵱ػݡ
ʦľܳƵϸ߰ɣ̨ӵһ·ɳ
ϻ쵰ٶȿ㣡ַԶ׵ۺһܱЩץߣʦʦֵܣҲǵĿ겻Ҫ߳˻ģҪƣ
С쵰Ϊۺ𣡡׵۷ǳʱ׵ڰĸϲĲõķ֮Ȼôƿ
ַ㣬֣Ҷľ̨˵˷׷׵ͷʵΧ棬һĻ峺¶һƸж֮⣬һȺӣһжֵõġ
̨ӣɲֻ츳ڶѣǵ޷ģȻһУľһ·ǻĽᾧӵʦʹʦ̨֣Ҳ
֮ٶȹӰľǰмһտ³ì͸Źɱ֪֮ո˶˻һ㣬ұ֮ˣ˫˺ص쫷硣
һλλʣλλʣվǣѹַδ߲֮
ַĿ⿴λʦֵܣ¶ЦݣΪʦΪ̨ǶҪúõĻţ
ΪʦΪ̨ظַĻ˵͸һɿµļ֮⣬һҪúõĻš
͡ɱìɱʱ·ľǺХʹȺ֮Уǳì쵽˼ĵزķ֮ǿ죬ԵĿ죡
ľ΢ʱûǧӰȫӰӣӰȻ䳯ŶԷɱȥҪͶԷӲ
ֻ͡͡ìһõĺڰ֮Ӱתձãһ˲̳ϰٳìÿһìλòͬľӰƿ
޺Ų̤أ濪ѣ֮ǿʢ£廯˼Ӳʯͬʱַ̨ӵϣӲޱȵʯʼʹǸоͻȻޱȵĳ˷·Ҫʯ
λ쫷ǿߣȺ֮ʾ˹ȥͬһʱ̣һ쫷編̨֮ϣǳʯʾȥҪ̨ĵȫãɱʡ
סȥɱˣľǰһ漴һϯɫ۵Ӱ̤һȭᴩأֳֹìǿɱ˹ȥ
ͣìƿȭâһǰޱߵĿ촩͸һУϻ嵱Уǿߵжʱ¶һЦ
ˣϻһľᣬѾʧֱ쫷ǿ߶ȥ
СģֳֹìǿߺһֻϻƾȻڵĳìסĿ
ǿɫɱ֮ӳìбȴĹѪڷԷɽĿĳìɿµݻ壬ȴûа仯
ѪɫӲʶ˶ԷвѪ
һߣľĹ쫷ǿߵϣ˻걼˵ж͸ã֮⣬漴屻ľĴݻ˺ѵ͸ղǿһǵڶλľеˡ
ʦʦҲַ֮૵˶¶Ȼ飬Ȼľ֮ͬʱֹľ֮ʱ֮ȴûչֹλʵս˵Ǿ仰һһװ磬κ˶ԳΪߣ
ֻʯܹ֮ͽڣʺ콣ʵһжԻ


1527 
깥ԶĹӵĿ£ľɱһʣԷϵķ֮йͷݣǳλʵЩǿ߶ܲȥܼ£Ȼľ깥ǻɢκǿķǶࡣ
ʯʽŲȻֹͣǰóܻ֮ʯǷǳµģϸǿµĹףͨλʵĹܹܵһΣľĹӦֱĨɱģȥ
ڴʱһһҽʹȺ΢΢¡
ʦ𣡡͸ű֮⣬ʦµĽʧɫ֮ûȻΨоš
ֻʵ屻һĻ͸ǵµչĻ·һɫư㣬֮Ҳʼй֮ס
ˣúûţ¶һ˿Ц⣬һۣôǣľɱ˶ԷλʣԷλҲɱʣұԷͱ߶࣬Ⱥ߱ͬ˱һôµӴ
䣡һɿµ˺ʵ嶼ݻٵǷλǿ߽Ųȴ΢΢һ̤ľ̤˹ȥ
ַ㻷һΧսɫԵøĲ԰ף׵ٲƿյգڴС߳Ⱥԣһµѡ
ڴʱضҡȺĸܵ·ƬҪƷ漴һɻɽ緢ıȻ֣¡һըз·ʲô˰㣬ʹսȺȻһ׵۳ɹˣ
ɱʵλǿߴ˿ںľײǷޱȵӳԶ׵۴ȥкܲ죬ôС߳ˣôܹƿգƺǲ֮£Էȴˡ
˾ճҶԸˣȥסǿ߶һλλ˵漴һ滻ӰŲ׵۵ķһ̤ƶתŲƣȺ۾޷ٶȣ׵۽Ųܿ죬ó֮ͨƶɱסˣܻὫ˴ߡ
ߡɢߣľձƿַǿһȼ·ȼա
ʦ̨֣֮ɫͲȻѾ֪ľʯʣɳƺľΪʦ֣ôѳΪһϰߡ
䣡ľ·ѿӰ֣Щǻ֮˶Ȼץ͵ĳŸӶȥٶȷǳĿ¡
ȥ˾ճĿ䵽£ձã֮ϣȻһ˫µɨ֮նľӰϵıѵ
ľȼŻ棬ǧգӡƮɱ˾ճ޷е˫֮ۡ
ַʵ屻ľӰЮţٶȼ£ǵǰһľӰȫǻסߵģ̨򱻻סǰķλߡ
ַ㣬ӣľӰȻܹ³ԣӰϵıѵץַʵӰʼȼٶȾøˣת˲֮䲻֪˳˶Զ
ʦ֣Ҳءַ㿴ľӰصĵ
İɣҪɱô򵥡ľӰЦȼԼٶȡ
ַ̾ϢԮһ֮˵ģվľΪ׵֮ˣħһڱӶ뿪ɱ֮Ҳû̫ǿս⣬ǶԣԼȻЩӵֻҪǲ㹻ˣʦȴڰܣΪڴЩгһܹݻ߱ͬˡ
ֻǵˣƬغܴ߳ȥҲ㡣ľӰԽԽãڻ浱ʧʱַɻɳĮУղսĵصѾңԶˡ
ʦ𣡡ַʣˣҪչˣľһܹ໥Уػʣǿ
һáʶַЦ£ȴеһɫַڵĴʦԼ̨˵İΣ
ʦٶȱҪЩַ㿪˵ʵȻףȻľȼ֮͵ңԶĵطԶԶûΣգʵٶǿµģԷ߳ǰܿҵǡ
˲Ƭ̵ĵ飬˸뿪
ˣڴʱַǷԶмӰʹַĿһЩϢȣǳǿʢ֪ûʴڣûеĻҲԶ֮µǿˡ
ַ㣬Է˵һλǿߡʵĻַоһ˿ÿµһôңԶΧ֮أһغǣַϢ֮УЩ˲ɱǣǶˣ׵ۺľûܹ߳Ƭռ䡣
ɺޣַһ⣬ʹߴ˲򣬸ܳʹ߶ȻǱˣȻԼҲ͹ߵ˻ʳԵò
ǹɲĿֻ֮⣬ַ˫ڣԼžԵ侲ޱǿҵúõĻš߳ȥȥ֤Ƭúɽ
Ӳģ˵еǿߵĮ˵ĿɨһۣȻһλ˵˳ǵյˣЩˣ߲ǵģֻ˫֣˿˿׵˸ɱ֮ͷţ¶ɱ⡣
ǹȥζĺôȻ䣬ַ³ǿɫ΢΢һͣ漴Цַʲôô
۹ž
ַƽ˵ǿߵЦݶȻһ漴Ŀ͸ŷâַ㣬·һ㣬ַе۾
㲻Ҫɱڣ۾żȻõֻҵУɱңʲôûˣŵĻԶһģַ·͸˶Է뷨˵ʹĿַһۡ
Ƿ֤һӵе۾
Ĺһ۾úø£ַϵħⶸȻͷŶҡϣڱһ̵ַվǸһɴһħħһ
Ϣʾﲻ̶ֳȣ磬ӵķıǻʾȻܵóַе۾Ŀⶼóһ۹ž˷ˡ
뿪Ҵ۾ַջ֮ʹԺٵתţַ㵽Ǻ⣬ѵԼӦҴԼ۾


1528 
ĶˣλǿҲĶˣ۹žǵͫ׵У͸һĨḬ֮̃⣬۾ջ̫ǿ
ãҴӦ㣡ʺˬĴӦˣ̽һַ㣬ַô״۾ַ裬ɱַ㣬ɱڡ
ǲӦȱʾһĳ⣡ַ㵭ĮĿɨһˣʱɫ䣬ȻɱͷŶַϣһҪɱһ۾ջǰɱˣ˺úݣ
Ǻ⣿ó׵֮âţԵøķŭ㡣
ô֪õ˵۾󲻻ɱڣڣֻó׵ɱǣѳڵҲŸҳ㣬۾ַĮƽûа鲨
Ҫõ۾ۣܲ
˺ܴɱҲңôܴҵ۾ַ㣬ȴţûжɱˣֱӵҼɱǣѵ㲻ηɱڡ
ԣֻȴ벽۾ǣвǶˣ𵽱ãȵʦָһЩ֮ٴ벽۾Ҳž԰ȫ𣿡ַڵ¶һĨЦ⣬ԷɫȻһͣһҪԼѳԼ
׵ַûɳ
۾ҷߣھ˫оâµɱ⽵ַϡ
ַħ֮ͫƽŶԷ˿û׵ĵҵʱ䲻ˣϢʱڶ֣ҳ˴۾֮⣬ٴһιž
һһ貵âɱǵһԴըѣȴַԴʼվһ
һλͬ󳷣ʼȻѾˣﻹ飬ֲ֮ѹ˵ϣ޾׹֮ɱ£ɫ԰ף޿ɱܣ׵編ԵѸͣ޷ܵõ
̧ͷǾĿע£ǧâûʣսԵúС
ǿŻתַ㣬˰ɣ
裬Գɾʹҵﲻȫڣ뿪ַ㵭Цŵʹ׵֮⣬˵벿۾
Ϊ۾ѱ䣬Ǳ֣ǶҪαؼһʱӵõ𣿡ַȵʹɫѿһֱַǣűߣЩΪ̰۾ĽԼѡģ̹Ȼܣ
ƬɳĮܴЩȺԼǱ䣬ȵĳǱ䣬ǲ벿žһֱӽ˻ɱ飡ǿһɱ¶ַһֱΪΪ
ģַͷ漴΢΢ͷһֱƽϥ֮ϣû˵ַܺõİƽһУΪοһڣʼǸвǶԣΣա
ǶٶȺǰаɣַϵ˵Էûоַܾ㣬ˬĴַǰУ˵ӰһɱȵõĹž֮ٽǶɱַ㣬һֱǣߣ
ӰǰУٶȺܿ죬˵ǰ㣬ƬɳĮܴ󣬴ʵٶȷɿκεӰΨƬƬɳ
ַͷԶɳĮⱾǽɱڰӶݣʹΣԽԽԶȴ֪ʲôľ棬ʦֻƽ𣬻λ̨ʦֵܣǷ·;нɱˣָô죡
ַܹģƺֻһ;ˣǿҵףϣ˶ã
ַתĿ⣬ɳϣ΢΢Щַۣȴ·ܲһӿֳһĨһǰ֮⣬ȥĶѾȥһҪúõĻţǿһķɣЩԸǵʱ̼
ַ㣬С統жôĲףǼѵ˳ȥһҪһǰҪκ赲ǰĲʱ۾ַϷǣſݵŲĲɣ֮⡣
İʦһģַ΢΢һЦ˫ȭסȻܹȻĴС߳жôļѡ
ˣ츳гһձôʿַɫĸаο
ʦҲһһģַʵɫͻиܵһɳĺ֮⣬ϣʦΪϵ˶Ƿϣδһж
ʲÿɷĵ˵ͷʱԵλϵһâδδֹ̫Щ
ַڿһǱ޾ɳĮеĲűɼӲޱȵĻɣԶȥܹĿһűͬһݳǵСǣĻƺܶӣɳĮУűԵúܹϣ·ƾõ£ɳĮӴСڣʥݷǳƫԶĵط
磬ʲôλãַԵϵһ
ƫԶ֮أƬɳĮΪСڣŴС磡ʶַܲˬģĻӦһ
ô˵ڵС类СڣַӶԷĻв׽һƺ壬ʵ
ǵģѾ˲Ǳĳŵˣʺܲ͵˵漴½һǿϢַϣ·Ҫַ㣬ַٲ벿۾ĻὫַɱ
ǰһЩ룬ԵĹűͬɲȫַ㿴ŶԷԷߣּھűΧǽ䣬ҽ벿۾ͨ㣬ټǰУ


1529 Ϊ
ַܹԼϧǰϧʵǿϼ縺ҲԽԽ࣬ҪԼһ˸𣬻кܶˣ縺ʹο߻һλʴڣһץסҲɡ
ϵĿⶢַǼֵĿжҡһűľ벢̫ңԶֱӿھ͵ھʱ䡣
뵽ٶڿն𣬴ֱַӺǱ
ϵĲǱ˶ͷŴǵϿռ۶Ӱǿ
ǰЩ챤ǿɳĮ˲ǿߣӦСҪ˰ɣ¿յţܿǱֵͷԼ飬ǶԣǿʾֻĴڣűеˣΪһĿŬǰţϣгһл̤֮
ǱݳԴһЩǿֻƬʱХʧȺߵУֹһЩʱ̣ϵڴַ˵ھǱ֮⣬ֱȲĴַʵ彵ڵϡ
ʵĿַ㣬ƺ˵һأַ㻹ʲôɾܾ
һΣַĸܵ˶Էݶɱ⣬Ҳ֪޷ټȥˣԷпܱˡ
֮벿۾ݸ㡣ַϵ˵ʹöԷһ֮⣬۾óħ֮ǿ۾ģ㲻ҲΪȻ״ͬԴĵοһ۹žףֵǲɹģΪЩԭŻðգϧɱԼͬ飬Ҫ۾õ֣۾ļֵ̫¡
׼𣿡ַʵ
ʼɣʵ˵ͷ΢գȴҷɣַ֮ʣǸҶɱֵĻַ֮ء
ַ۳֮⣬ֱû뵽Էü֮УЯħ۾
һЩʱ̣ԷһԼԺж䣬¶µķâ
Ȼǵ۾¶ǿ󣬿ϧҲħޣĿַһۣΪȻزΣƾĴħͨǿ߿¿׻ܰɣ۾һЩص˶ܹսģ
а벿žʱҡʵõ˰벿۾˿ɫȻúÿЩַ˵˼֡
ʦƺأ֮ܵʴұҪʦƺܽ벿ž㣬ҵİȫŸϣ׾ɱҡַ㿴ŶԷ˵ЦЦĵôᣬĹžһߡ
õ벿۾ϵãһƷŹַ뷨Ȼֻѣ˽ȵñԼڵǿôܷŹڵĴǺַһǳ
ǰʦƣҪ취Ͼʵ΢ֶȫϤΪǰõĹžֻ鷳ǰˡַҲôˣЦʼƺǰˣַʲôû֪
̾һ˽ַӣѱޱȵַܹͶԷίߣЩìܵģο̾ϢûˣҲ˵ҪַŶԷ
ַڵһŬΪ棬˵棡
ɳĮһЩȺǳвЩɳĮв˵棬ҲʹòǱеȺɳÿ죬ңÿһűóƵ˴ڣǿȥһʦܵˣзǳóƵˣҲȫó˵ǿʣ
׵ǿ߶ַĿ¶˼ɫʵ˺һЩҲÿõĵ۾ַ㻹˵дιžҲҪõ֡
ѵ߳ɳĮ磬ֻɳĮڰɣַ˵϶޾ǿ嫵ĳǳء
ΪڵǼ򵥵ΪСƿߣǿɲƿڵСô򵥣ƬɳĮ֮صвűǵĸӹǵǿ󳬺ȻҲ֪û˺һҲӳǵƣһζСжǶǷǳҪģκѵǶǿĸʱɳĮеĲűǰȫģ
׵ʻ˵ַţѵ߱ͬ˱СѵʲôǱڵԭ򲻳ɣ
ǰΪʦƣֵַ
ҲŮ˾׵˵ŽŲǰĲ֮ȥַÿһűеŮ˾óƣ
Ů˾ַɫһСУɴû˵Ů˾Ĵڡ
̧Ųַʸ׵ʵĲϵϢʱַ·һˣƽ棬԰֮С
ʱ˳ŲǱ֮أǲ˲䵱Уַ罵ٵĵһط޲͸ŹϵϢνĲ䵱ȻҰˣֻΪشɳĮУƤƫƣӶһ׳ĹͭɫĽΰȴ˺֮С
ַ㼸·ϣ˳ͶַоЩĪ
ַ㳤̫ˣݡɫԵЩΣǱеȿݵ궼Ҳλ
Ҫй¶ʵ͵£һʾ֪ˡ׵ҲԼϢַʴ˵˶˵ͷԷѣҲ׸ô
Ϊ˻ţַʻǳСģ


1530 Ի
ű֮أһİݣһ䰫ǰɹһЩҩݡ
ֻһλŻư䳤ȹŮŸҩݣű࣬һ˿
ʶִӳŪôҩأԱߵһ䷿߳һλߣǳȹŮЦźһ
үүЩǵĹͣûǵԼˣҲܽ׵õôҩݡʶŮӶ¶Цݣ˵
ٺ٣ʶڣܲ𣡡Ц£ŮŬŬ죬漴ֻһλȳƽ׳һͷǵ峤Ｘʮף߰ףϵƤëɫ꽫ڼͷ˶ԵøС
࣬湻ڿġߺһŮҲ¶һĨЦݣֻ࿸ߵŮߣ漴˦ȥʶһｻ㴦ˡ
ллŮĵĿŮһۣŰĽ֮ɫûʲôµĻұˡ
ãŮƽĵ˵ͷЩᣬɻתԶȥ˼ֻͣİӰ˹ƺǳŮڵķȥġ
ַһ·̽ʱܵĿ΢΢̧ͷǳΪؾǿߡ
ʥݵˣƺ̫ձЩַаһһ·ʱ㷢ˣܶ߼ԵñȽϡ٣ǿûпⲿűе˶ԣӦҲǿĴˡ
ʲôˣַ㿡оһƵ⣬ַ˵
ʣַ㿪˵ʱԶŮ̧ͷ
Ų΢΢̤е⣬סַ㼸˵Σ˵ʲô飿
࣬ǹɣŮں濪˵һ˿ַ˴ǰ߹һҲûˣַ
ʲô𣿡ʴַˣ˺İƺǲ䵱еˡ
ţַʵĻ¶˲ɫʵķǳá΢ЩԵøϸҪͲе˲һܰ𪣬ǳƯ˫۾峺Կ֮УʵںѽһλŮŮ˾ϵһ
ʦЩƣæַƬ̵֮˵ָߵʡ
ҿߵʵߣƴʵļϣһͷŶȻһ֮֮Уǳѩϵ֮һ
ʵ壬Ư¶˾ȵɫ٣ȫ˲̶ͬȵƻ㾹Ȼܻţҿһ
ʾǵһôصôܻ
ʦȽأκ𣿡ַֻôˣ֮ܵشڵƻ̶ȿ֪ʵĻɸоĲ֮˱ͨѪ֮лָԼƣǿǿߣ֮ǿʢ£ֻҪڣ
԰ɣҪһκܳʱҲ֪ܲܳɹϾҲûмü΢΢ţĵ
ллַ֪ǲȫƺʦƵģҪָܻܲһЩңһʱգȴȥɳĮ޾ӵв֪ٲűڣҪҵһˣǴ룬Ӧòױ֡
ﻹмõķݣǾǿסţҲһЩֿ˵ʹɫһԵʶôס£
˭˺أȷˣҡҡͷ伱Ҳް취ֻεĿʽַԼסԱԺ䣬ڶӡ
ַһ춼ñȽϽţżῴ˴֮նвƽϾͨˣûа취׷֪Ҷôˡ
ҹַϥڷ֮Уҹɫ֮аţϢʺסͬһ䷿Ӧ׵ǸڣضԷ˯ŵģ۹žûе֣Է԰ȣַߵ
ڳ˼֮׵ʱԵ÷Щַ⼸ܰĴҲûǰѰһŵҲ΢΢£һ
ò˵Ȼǿߣ˾Ȼķǳ֮֮ƵҩȻʹʵĸţʵɫԵսתľȻҲתȴܳϣµĴ޷ֲ˵ɻ춫ʵĽɱ
ַ㣬ʵѾָ˲٣Ƿý²۾ˡԺ䵱У׵ʻǿѹַ㣬ͼַѹ۾ʱƽ׵ʵһҲһֱţܲ
ʱûַҡҡͷ
Ҫȶã׵ǿĴƿ͵ѹַ
Ȼ㣬ҪôɱҲУַܵ׵ʵѹĮ˵һ漴ԼķȥɫӲ׵ʡ
㡭׵ɱţȴ޿κΣֻܵȣַ뷿еıӰ۾֮գĩգ
ַûûҹĳУһֱַżῴַΪʹŤа̾Ҳַ֪ʲôֶΣȻǰʹ࣬ÿղϵʱַܵϣпµ֮ӳǳ񣬲ÿʱռ䣬ϢĨ
ַѾʱˣɳĮ֮⣬һ嫵ĳǳأ޾ǳصУһľ޴Ǳͬɹ񱤰㣬Ҫ̤ݲߵǱ֮ϡ
ʱڳǱеһڣһλɫô̴ľ죬ÿһ΢죬վŵȺݺݵ¡
ЩվȺУʣȻҲУ
ˣһ΢ȴһĨ֮С
죡һλ·ǿ߹ĵǿ߾Ȼǵľֵλλʣʵ¡
ˣҪˣģ
£ʱЩһͷ£޲Ҹطȥ˵
ѾɳĮͨǳصȫκȫ̲飬һз֣ǰãղ˲˵һңһ˿ʼӳǳسɳĮһ·еĲűһѲ飡


1531 С綯
Ѳ飡ڵǵô̴ľͳ˷ǰô࣬ҵ˻ò
·֮ͳͷʼ亹ʸͷҿ˵ʸûС
ڴ˿ֻ̣建վʹˡ
ʡ˺һʱֻоһڣ
ôҲӵͳѪȻΪ޷ԼɻʱȥС緢չҵΪҲ˲СĴۡ국˵ţʹö弸ҪȥʲôɱϣֶμĶɱģĻֱӽĨ
ԸϹᣡʲΡΡĵ
ȻǽʲԼСˣôȥڵС磬Ƭ˶֪磬ǿߵСѣ⣬֪ʹߣſ˳Ȼɡƽ˵һȴʹöĺݺݵĲ˲õϢȥƬ˵֪ڵ粻ǿߵСʱжô𺳣µʱ޾ȺҪӿɣң
ſЩ⣬ҶʣԺ˻ľĵҪʼӿƬˣЩһûнٵλԼµӣһЩĺꡣ
һ֮󣬶ʻص˰˻ģʶеʼɢϢ磬С磬ʥݣ磬Ϣİ˻ľģȻ󲨣ڵ֪֮󣬶𾪵ԣЩʧʣ뵽ս֮İ˻ڻԼصʹߴˣ˴ԣνʥݣĴ硣
Ϣԣ
ϻ֮أھַѩվڷ֮ϣǾӿԶ૵С磡
ģλĽûվһ飬ԶǷƺһУǼٵģ
ģʵؾɽ⣬õɽһѣ峤Хһأɫ͸֮Ϊ߳˻ģ̤磬춼ңԤߣԤԾԲ׼ȷ
һſȫĿ⿴˶֮أԣľͷͨڣ

űУַ⣬ܰǰͩƽ͡ûаϢ͸ų֮⡣
ַ㣬ڷأʦЩûԱһЦź
үүʦַ࣡Ц˵
ҲʶʲôˣǲŮ񣬲֪ٲж׷󣬲Ǵû˳ɹַ㣬ҪҲԣүү鲻Ц˵ҿǸ㣬ʶ۹Ǻܸأ˵ҪŻῼһ£ҪŶ
ҿûʲôϣˣַ͵Цţ΢΢ʼ磬ðүүִЦ
үү˵һˣ˳¶һĨСŮ˵ɫַתͷɫɵ΢΢£ڸƵʱԵøʥ࣬˿޳¶СŮ̬Եøзϣ㿴ϰŮַ㶼̾һ
ַ¶һĨ͵Цݣ΢΢˵ͷ
ʿſݶõЦҲ΢£漴Ҳͬ˵ͷַ˵ʱ򼸺˵ǰȫһ˫峺͸ź˲ͬĲɣ֮⣬˵ĸоǾµϴŻǰ㣬ȴƫƫôɾ
˵˵ַС¾ǣҲ׷һͬءүүЦ˵·뼤һַ㣬ʶûпַ¶ɫǿ֮ϣǰͩżɳĮգɳĮ̫һֱУճ֮ǿҵӾ
¶ǳЦͷԣһβ
ɳĮеҹĻĽ٣ʺͰͷȥˣеȺҲɢȥַ㳯ԼԺȥ˿׵ʵӰһǰĮͫ׷·һ׵֮âȻĿסַʺĵʮˣҵȵѾˣ
ַüͷһ䷿УʵӰ˳Įĵſ
ǲ²۾ȫݸңһɱ׵ʵͳĮ³һַĿ˸漴˵ͷãȥĻĮУ𲨶
һֵ׵£û뵽ַӦôˬ죬ܿб¶˲õЦ⣬ַſЦ˵ЩӦͺˣαҪأֻҪõĵ۾Ȼߵģ
ǳȥ˵ַŲȻ̤׵ʺʶַٶȶܿ£ϢҹĻǰУûƬ̱˹ű˻ɳУһƬ֮ء
ˣﲻʼɣ׵ЩȲ۾Ҫˣ
ǰõĵ۾֮ɱɱҶڣϻдιžһ֮ͨ㣡ַ׵˵ʹöԷЦŨáãôɱǣ
˿ȴѾڰţеַǼĽ֪ϲȥԴιžջңһɱȻˣұ㽫ϵıﶼˣɱ㣬ѵ㻹ܷɣ
ܷģصַûκвһСʶˣô
ǰҿʼˣַ㿪ʼ׵¶һĨâҪõĴ۹žˣܲ˷ܡ
ַʼûü֮ȫɣһ֮ɶʣһôһλǿߣҪһġ
䲻ϵûԺУ׵ԽԽ˷ܣȻڴ˿ַ̣֮УȻ丽һڵһ׵ʵüĵС
׵üͷ΢΢䶯£漴Ǹܵʲô㣬ȻſĿâͫб


1532 ɹ챤
䣬иоһɿֲƻַ㣬أȻҰ
׵֮â·Ҫ͸ַ۾˿ֻ˫ͬµâŭһ
䣡׵ֻоԴһ˶˲Ļ㱣лԴбѣǿʢ֮һ𹥻
ȥַ˫¶ɫɺ׵ʵĲлȼգͷţڶȼԷȼգɱԷֻöԷжݵĴͣ˲ʧȥ
ʺεʵǿߣַӦ׵ʵʱѾַ֪жַͲлڶԷԺзѵʱʳˣȫǿһֱӡ׵ʵλãޱȺȵķ֮͸ԷŰ׵ʵڣݻһС
𣡡׵ʿХһضҡȻ޷׵֮⣬Ƭռ䣬ʵϣҲַϣѾ÷ַ֮һףȴɱ÷顣
𣡡ַ㷢һħŭХǷһһǰһҪɱԷɱɱǶԷһ죬ȽѾܾˡ
޷ĽâƶԷԴַ˿η壬ǿһɱ͸˶ԷԴ
ǣһ׵ֻԷһõ֮Ӱ֣֮ӰȻ׵Ϊ壬ֳ״
ôǿ꣡ɫӰǶԷǣǿ֮أ޵ĻǣԳ֡
ʽŲһ̤֮׵ʵĻǣԷ𣬵Ϊ㹻ǿ󣬾ȻûһȻҲܵش֮Ǵ⡣
ַһϿӰ깲⣬ôǿʢ֮ʱʱֱӰѵǿʢһ̶֮뱾ϵһֱ
ǵսӴ֮ʱйһܸ٣꣬߻ǣ
죬еպɱȥ֮ڶԷ֮ϣʹöԷĻǸӵӰ˼£˫趯׵磬ݺݵĺʣʵԼͬʱҲַ׵ʺַ屻ѪӿӰûͣȻֱӶˣõĻǷ·ʱŵļ
ʺַ嶼ڵϣ˵ƸˣַҲڷܲңûɱԷԼôңϧԷҲֻʣһˣɨ޴вԷʣʱɢĻǣǹǺˡ
ʦû°ɣַѵоʹޱȡ
ãҪȥˣ¶һ˿Ц⣬漴ַַ㣬Ѿ㹻ˣԷܹѵΪĻǱȰ˻ĵλҪǿܶ࣬÷֮ȻֻǻٵûлٵĻ꣬ȻҲҵķɱǿ
ַ֪˶ŬЩַ㶼Լ޾ʹеӦþǸղŶʹóһûַĹûлжԷףֻҪԷӶãվҪģеַ˵һʱûκηԣȫַͬ㣬ǶӮˣɨһ޴в
ַҲЦЦղôĶ׵֮ᴩ񷣬Զűе˶Ȼ֣ᷢǸˡ
ŲȻƿͨű·˸䣬漴˹űУԼסԺȥ
ȻͬԤϵⲿǱе˶ˣԵøңĴк
ַʶ㿪ȺǲⱩ¶һǹ׾ҵǡ
ȻƿԺĴţַʲУȴ¹֮£һԺеʯ֮ϣһĻʹַ㶣˲뷨ַԺһ˲仹йһĨɱ
ǻˣң˲ҪߣŮ¶һĨ͵ЦݣǳЦ˵漴ַֿ㣺ôҲŪӣǱж۸˰ɣҰ㿴Ϣ
˵Ů㻺ĳȥ·ַߣַܹĸܵԷ߹֮ʱһ硣
Է뿪֮ǹغԺĴţַʶһۣ漴Եĳŷȥһҹ޻ַ·Ѿû˹ϵ
ַʵϢڶ峿ʱ֣ʱˣ鿴ʵ֮ʲôû˵ĬĬ֮ʴһɾ֮ʵţůʵԼľӹɣʵƱһμʱˣôĳĬûж˵һ䡣
ҰҲɣʿ֮󣬶ַ˵
ַ΢΢ͷֻϸַϣ漴֮ٶţ˳ľڣɹţר˵ķַֻоһ˵泩ԷĹźأʵΪǺǿȴǳʵˣܹĻָȻЧȴĺá
ΪǳƺΪŮ˾ַ㿴Žߵˣ˸˵
ΪעΪԼŮ˾ʵͷ˵΢мԳ˼
ΪԼַɻĵڲǺܺ𣬲˶㣬˶Ľ㣡
Ŵɹ챤Ӹѡ׵ŮȻ̵صɸ˾Ů˾貿˹ǣŮ˾ԼûɵģǵһУЩɹ챤
ɺᣬ֪ԼΪλַ˵ЩΪַ֪ǵܰɣ
ǴСûȥǳɣȵƺԺҴȥɹ챤֮жôϣ̧ͷַЦ£ȴַһ


1533 챤
ʣ֪ǴС
֪ģַ㲢δȥڸʲôʵ
챤вСĶϸѹسǵͬʱǲǿ߿ʼӳǳɳĮشɨƺڼߣԺжͺ˿˶ڣ֮֮ǲŻʱҾѾ֪ˣߣֻСˣƬɳĮСͨǳصıؾ֮·
֪ϢԶַҪַ࣬оЩûгǣĻǱҪǿߵļðɡ
ллַĵĵ
лңֻЩܼ飬ǿܻЩΣգǵͬŪôĶ챤ܿͻõϢġһַ˸ڵǴ˿뿪ǰĲһܻ᲻һЩ
ҡҡͷÿһŮ˾ǵˣҲǣ㲻֪᲻ѾõߣðȻǰע⣬Ҿǣڸղ˵ĵ˺õ˺ȥɹ챤ѵҵ˼𣡡
ַ㿴ŻƵʣм֮⣬뽫棬ǳغ޾УҪҳ͸ˣǻǰ򣬺ա
ˣȥǰЩҩɿַ֣о֮ղ࣬Է˷ȷʵ
ǲ뿪ʶַЦַ˵ͷȷĵʣǻһˣҲҲ˵
֨ѽŶȻٶȱƿʵɫ΢΢ţˡ
ַɫһͷŷâĺÿ죬ҹﲿⷢĶһ羹Ȼ˵ˣٶ̫ˡ
ʶһ洫ʹַɫʱˣֻʶֱӴҸ׺ҵֳ
˵ʵĽŲ˳ȥŹغӦߣ
ĵطڸڵԺ⣬ҲʾסԺ棬ʺһнŲƶ漴ֻһƿԺţеʣʱ¶һĨǳǳЦݣʶþò
һλʵ꣬Ͳűе겻ͬƤ𪣬ȴ͸ŽѪɫ
ôˣɫƽһȻֻɫ΢΢һ䣬ĿⶸȻ䳯ŷпȥһâ
ˣɫ䣬Ų΢̤˲⣬͵ĻӶ£ʱ̮Ӱ
ռ·΢΢£˵ͫн㡣
¶һƽŵɫԷǰʱ䣬ȥһС磬֪᲻ʶ
ַĿȷ΢΢£ԤϵĺַϵңҲǼʵġ
ɱҵʱʥһȺӵܵУһΪ곽ǿߣЩʥӵܵңһҪЩʥӵ̨ܺײǰ꣬ȻȻ곽
ò˵ɣû뵽һ˻곽
ʶ˭˿곽ǰӰһλɫƵ꣬Ų̬Ϣϵȷƺص˲Ϣ΢һЩȣһ۾֪ˡ
һλ꣬ɫĺڣûаϢͨһˡ
գַаڸղŶݵƬ̣ȡߣαװԼʣûб¶곽һ۾ܹϳ
곽ʲô˼˼֣żʣߵַߣֻ΢΢ַ֣곽ĮĵҪϵҸ磡
곽ɫ΢䣬ϵ磿
ʶ֪Ҳǹģ곽ϵĮ˲ʧˣЩǸ˵
ǹΣȥʺ˵곽һЦãǳȥ̸ʶ˴
˵ͬʱ곽Ȼ˳ȥ
磬ʶܾˣʶַĵ곽˼漴ʱҲ˳ȥַ㰵̾ա
ʶǰôû˵磿곽߳ȥʵ
ƾʲô㣿ʷһʹ곽ɫһЦʶղŵҵǸ
챤үǸʳܲ𣡡˿Էɫ곽ԣֻתƻʶ첿ĶӦ֪˰ɣ̽µģⲿûİС
ûİ˽Ҳ֪ûʻӦ˵
ԼСĵ㣬Ҵȥ俴곽ʸɫ뿪
ʵȵ곽Լ֮˵ĽŲԶȥ֮󣬻صַڵķ䵱УַϵµףиоȣַЦʵһǼٵģ
أַ㽫ȡЦ곽Ҽʲôˣ
챤һλүӵֱϵѪԵλܸߣᵽ곽ɫ̫ÿ곽ԶԷĵλ׶곽Ǹ㹻𾴡
챤ұôַ곽ǳң˵ǰ챤ûˡ
ƺаĽ֮⡣ַЦŵ¶һ˿Ц֪Ƿڸ̾Լϡ
㻹Ǽظղŵװɣ˲죬Ҳûгȥ߶֪˲࣬Ӧò鲻ʲôȥǰҩЩҺȥһ챤
˵˳˷䣬ԼǶȥҩ˵곽ûвʲôַ챤ųǰѾ˲䣬û߶ͼעһסʸڵİүү곽Ȼߵ˵ģϲÿ
곽Ҳ뿪ⲿ䣬طѰȥˣַ˿ƽʵľĵ֮£ʺַƽĺת˲٣ַ㣬˲ܺʱȣ׻ָܴ̫ˣܷ֮ˣ
ƽӽĹȥתۼַѾʱˣַϵƤ˿˿ͭɫΪɳĮ̫̫ˡ
ʱַϣţϵĽ޵ĺϼʱתֲϵţС߳˶ôˣǶ
̫ȥַȴû뿪˼ֻһӰ̤ݣַߣЦŵôˣ
ҲˣַЦ˵ʱҪȥˣò֪ˣ
㻹м˿˼ԳһЦ漴ұҪȥ챤ˣһȥɣ
ôַ૵ʱ䣬ȥ˰ɣ߳ȥˣ


1534 ɽ
챤СԶΪ׵ңӦֻ챤ķַ֧곽ⲿѰǣѾԶ׼ˣֻǲ֪챤Σң磬Ŀǰֻ֪챤Ĵڡ
ʶСӿ֮أشԵνŴɹ챤һЩַֻ˵Ŵɹ챤Ĵڣһ֪ȻҪ׼ȥҪԼǴʲôطܱЩ
Ե֮Сһ޼ʵĺɳĮԼĲ䣬߳ɳĮǺǿĳǳأÿһǳضǿĳǳǣ챤챤ǳǳصףƹһУ챤дĻּ⡣
ʶַܵŴɹ챤ǽľŴǿҲǾ֮ǣ챤ֻ֮һŴͳϽƬɳĮƹɳĮеһЩС磬СƿȨ챤˾챤Լ׷ɹƹܡ
챤˾챤׷ɹַȻ·ʲô챤˾챤Һ˾ռ׷ɹַ뵽һˣ׷ľʹߴˣػСĳ֮ء
Ϊʲô˵ַע⵽ʻеļ֡
Сƹž޴ͼŴɹ챤ܷһЩԼԼҲǺмÿҪһ˭ƿأбǣƹС䣬òУ޺ҪˣСƿȨܻ
ʵĻʹַеһЩɻ󶼻ȻԭˣѹλôĶӦǺСƿȨйϵ
Ϊλһôķ粨Ը˰ɣҹ£ʿַĿΪ֮ͣͬУΪŮ˾ʵҲͱƿСеһûԼȨһжɹ챤Ŀ£ЩŮ˾ֻӶѡ
Ŵɹ챤ʵҲ޷˭ƹС磬ΪԵʵоԵĻȨŴɹ챤ԼƬɳĮɹ챤ֲǳأͬһɾ޴ͳϽǹΪɽ
Ǵ绹С磬һبŲķǿΪƹСɹ챤ͬҪɽͳΣΪɽӵдۣ
ɽ˼壬Ϊۿ޾ƿߣɽһԲ֮£෴һʥأɽˣܹɽΪ٣Ŵɹ챤ˣ챤ӵܰɽһλ£ܵӣд˵챤ܻܿڼ֮¶ᵽСƿȨ
ʲĻʹַ΢΢£챤˻ľлʼң
ʶ챤ǰСƿȨȻ걻챤Լ˾챤ߣ𣿡ַʵ
Ŵɹ챤ƻСƽ⣬Ϊ˭ƿصʱƻСƽ⣬ȻӰһƿߣǱڵĹһֱţϴʦ˵һξŴɹ챤񱬷һЩǿҵìܣܻһЩ֮¡
ַ˻֮ȻŴɹ챤ֱӾСˣλߵĲģ󲨼ȴǣǳܵѣЩǿ߿ǵķ룬ǿǵֻԼ档
νСƿߣڵС磬򱻳Ϊ߱ͬˣ
ǡ˾ռǣʼңҲǣ
ѹʼҵ񣬺Լ˾ռ൱ʼվڰ˻ϣֻΪ׼Һ˾ռΪһ꣬ƿߺܱܿˡַ㿴յ¶һĨЦݣм
֮˻ľ˴ڣҲֻΪĲģҪһƽ⣬ҲҪС籣һƽ⣬Ϊ˭Ҳ֪һεƿ߻˭Ϊƽ⣬ҲνѱǴݻ١
Ȼƽ⣬ͬҲΪǼĲĶƣ
ʶллôַ࣡ʶЦЦ˵ɽΪۿӵдǿߣͳϽ嫵ɽ򣬶ɹ챤ӦλƿߣּǿѾƿСıϣ㵽Сжȥ磬ǳ·ܳ
ƻûȬЩϢʶһЦ漴ݶʧҹ֮С
ַݶãҲ뿪ߣصԼķݵУԼʿеõϢҲʡ
ڶ죬ɫɳĮϿձ˻̫ʻһװ׼ţĹյøӵǿҵӾС
ַվʵһ׼ǰ챤
ʶԶһֻʵʶҪȥ챤һЩƷɣһȥ
װ򵥸һž޴Ĺǹоһ֮Ϣ󻹸λ꣬װƣʵһЩ
˵ͬʱ໹ַһۣƺַЩġ
ˣǲŮ˾ʲôģʿ˵ҡҡͷ챤ƺץʲôˣЩĲ㣬ұһȥ챤ɣ
Ļƺָ΢ͣļֱ˵ͷãǱһȥɣ
˱һ·նУʿʵʵӵصΪ磬ĹҪ˷ǳʱս˵˶ΪŮ˾ƵģټòԼݣʹΪŮ˾ڲжǳأһĹͬĽĶŮ˾֪еһС
Ŵɹ챤ͨŮ˾ķʽȷԸ׵Ľƿ֡
նУɳĮеһ䣬ַһ·ģмٲ䣬ÿһ䶼һǣдĲ䣬ǳ׳ԶֹһݳǴСѩ¹ˣɳĮԵúܲۡ
ڣһ˿˳ǳأַһμǣǱɳͭɣΡ׳ߴǧףڵҪͷܹڳǱ֮ϣػ档
ͨƬ嫵ɳĮС磬ʱǲսеģҪͨŲܽȥҪв֤ʶַ˵ַаû뵽ȻϽôϸѹֵ׵ʲ״УԸڲжܡ
㲻ص⣬ΪŮ˾ȽϷΡֿ˵漴һ˽ڳ֮⣬вɳĮ֮˶ǡ
ǽȥʵ˳ųȥڴʱ¡¡Ĺ̤֮ŴأֻһȺɱЩﶼޣӵпµٶȺ̤ŵط·ضڲ
ôǣѵǰˣüȺ֮ɫԱ£


1535 ͭƬ
ôˣַʵ
챤ˣƽǲ֮ģֻھŴɹ챤СȨʱŻǰ䷢ϭģͬʱٻظŮ˾ʵ˵˲ַ˵ӹ嶼΢΢š
ʵüͷţƺܲϣһ쵽
ַ㵱Ȼʵ˼Ŵɹ챤ҪʼһСĿȨˣζžСһ˵ʱ̵
ܿ죬̤޲ӵԶȥʼɳĮг۳ҡ
ǰôܹǰֻһʵ˵ɽޣˣ
뵽ʵɫøιģܴҲӲˡ
ַѾ˳£ȻȽɭϣϸĽ̲顣
ˣҴ챤ߡǰһӳ΢΢ͷȻϵʣЦŵС⣡
ӳĻֱӷʵ˹ȥˣŮ˾ڲ䵱Уʵɹ챤ˣ챤Ÿ˵ַʻǵУĳǳַ첻ȥˡ
ǧ׸ߵĳǱڽ̤ĵһǣȵĺ嫳ǱǿҵӾ׳۵ĽС粻һķԶһ翵칬ۡԼɼ·Ǵ֮ϣ
챤Ȼܽﻹһξ롣ʵ˵ַĿ֮ϵĹűûеģֻĮλĳǱ̮һҲ׳۰ɣ
Ŵɹűʶ֮ƣ֮һǻžǳأȥƬ֮ΪԵõҪ֮ʶַַܵ˵ͷλõǷǳأȻһġ
˵ǰŴɹűʵֻһǶѣĳһЩǿ߿ʼֵ򣬲γľ棬ȻѾǺܶǰ飬Ѿ޷֤ӻɹ뿪Ŵɹ챤ǰɽˡ
ʽƺȽ϶໰ʵڹַܸģڸַ뿪
ʶǺαҪȥôԶĵط챤һ֮ؾͿˡ࿴ǰһֱַ˵зǳңǷǳ嫣ҪԽǲܵﻺ򣬺αҪȥôԶĵطοӣŴܵĵش
Ҵûȥȥһʻͷ˵ʱԣַĿΪˣʶôԴôãѵһסʱ˸鲻ɣ߾Ҫ뿪ˣܺʡ
Եúƽַ㴦½죬ҲҪȥʲô
㾹Ȼûȥ򣿡ַԵЩ졣
𣬲е˻ķΧȽСǣҲһǵˣһһ߳Ŵɹű츳ԽǿˣǵĳɳŻ̤ĵ򣬵ƽӹ֮ˣԶһЩ
ַ˵ͷȷ츳ǿˣԶƽӹҪٵö࣬ǴС߳ЩˣǷڴ磬һ츳ǳˡ
ƬûʦӵǿǿߡַʵĿǰĵ⣬ʵơ
׼˵Ŵɹ챤һȽ⣬ҩɹóҩһЩǿƷǳǲܻ׸˵ġʻش˵ڴУʦҩʦһֱȽϳְҵСôϡ٣һЩķʦԼ󷨴ʦó
ɹҩɹַ㽫ߣܹõ׵õЩõϢڵֱӴǰȥҩɹǻĿԸ
һ·ģ·;ָٴ飬Ŵɹ챤ľŴԼǵλãдɹֱϵƿ߾˵óƽʥַ׵뵽ˣХ
ȻֻǴԵһǣ̶ȴַо£һʱ䣬ַǲźᴩǣ˻⻹ǺȫǰУĵ·ɼж
ʱַھŴǻĽֵϣȻǻҪ˶࣬ȻûҲ˵ģǴ˿ڵĽ׽֣ǳĿַ㿴Сзǳʥڵ̯ϽнףеĻƷʥʹַһ
үүͭʲôʱӶһ̯ǰŵϰڷŵһͭƬʵ
ͭŮӣͭҴ޼ã֪޼޼۵Ķ޼ɱһУһ˵ͭʱǳӵ۵˵ţԵȣǵ˫·Ç
ôףʴ˶ԷĻһ
һٿŰƬ˿ڵ
ʶǸƭӣߣԱߵһٿŰƬʱ˷ۣɵأһͭƬѡ
СһﲻҪ˵֪޼˭ƿǧʮǧСܻܡͷ˵Ľζ෭˷ۣ޼ۺͭƬйϵ޼۶Ķƭ˭أҾ޼۶ĶҲ֮ͨ
ҲҡҡͷվһٿŰƬ۸̫ˡ
߰ɣʶַղֻǸоͭƬЩһҲûʲô⣡
ַʼ磬ϼһﻹʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ιιȵȣͷȻ׼תַţŵŮϲѵ׼͸ʮŰƬˣұ֤޼֮㿴滹޼֣
ַüͷ΢΢ţСͭƬϻ޼֡
ַȻ΢΢£漴ӹͭƬϸۿͷţ˫ӾöͭƬȥ
ַĶʵ˶ͣ˽ŲܲˬɨͷַһۣͷȻʶַŮѡ
ŰƬҪҪַڵ˿ڵ
ͷһĨ˿ţˣ
ˣַ㽫ͭƬӻظͷʹͷæڣãţɽ
ַ½ӹͭƬͷŰƬҽͭƬ


1536 ͻ
ַһôܹ̽ıʣϵǿ츳ƺ긳ģղͷ꣬̽ͭƬȷ쳣صľ磬ְ嶼һΣҪ򵥵ͨƬѣöƬԿԽܡ
ҵ껹һôǷ챦ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ʶһô뵽ͭƬ׵֣
㲻˵оͭƬЩһҲƵĸоԱ㽻ˡַЦͬʱĿŵ̯֮ܲЩҵõĶ
ҲǱҲ˵ЦŵСƵ̯֮ӵϲ챦ڷǰû۹⡣
˵仰ʵĽŲȻͣ漴Ѿ߹һ̯λȥ̯һλڵˣҵĸо߰ڷһЩҩͬңһۿȥԻᱻֱӵʵĿȴעеһ۵ĳɫ
ŲĳȥʵӶ˼ңôף
ʵָָǳɫ˵ʮöƬɡ
ʮöЩˣǾù෴˿кܼ˿֪ʲôݣ˵Ƕʮö֮һö񶼲һܹõƵĳݣѵԭֻΪûȥ޸ûôƬ
Щȥðɣַ㽫һЩƬȡʣûкַʲôֱӽƬݸڵߣҽס
ãȥɣ˿˵ʱ㲻ĽݷС
ţȻڴʱַüͷһ壬ֻһ紫ĮĺâȻŶַ뵽Ÿճ챤˲佫Ϣ˺һתһŴֱӳʿ
ʲôһдһƶȻ仯֣֮͸ſֱӺϣԷĴȴвȵĳݸ˹ȥζȻصԭء
䣡һҰ֮ϢŶֻ˲ȡ±ľ޴ǹ׼ǺʵӰ
ȵȣʺһ˵ĹûǵĽŲȴԼͬĳǰһĿĮɨӰ
ȣʲô˼˵һֻ˿ڶѣ¶˰֣ĿĮĿղǳ֮ŮӣȺһͬһŮ˾챤Ͻ
ⶫҪˡûʣڵ˵ҳʮöƬΣ
ãڵߵ˵ͷ漴ȡʮöƬݸߣ˵ĮĿ⣬߶ʵʮö񻹸ǣ׸ˡ
ѾѾǽɣǳѾҵˣʲôʸ½һΣĿ˵ͷ̰ᡣ
ȻҲˣҶҲˣбԼûͷϵĶֱӾμ˸Ȼֱˣƽ޹ʵĶ׬ʮƬɵӲŲɡ
ɫһĿȣĲݻң
Ĳҽ׵ʲôл㣬ͷȥɣȼȻĲݣôܷŹһöֵĶˣ³ĵ
òҪ͸ŭ⣬ߵʵȽǿ
ַһֱվţʵķŭ֣ǵĿϵʱ򣬱ѡͣ⻹ûг챤ΧҪ̣ûǴʦֵúûţһҪúûţ
ǲˣŭַ㿴ȥַ֪һʵֵģȻѡվʵʶΪô£
࣡Ŀ⿴࣬ߣ
˵꣬תתߣû۾ûȥַһۣȴʹַΪΣΪô࣬ʱȴĿţ
䣡âƿգǿƿɱʹÿռ£ǵļʸ˳ȥȻһ̣ХߵֱûҵĽڻвţ
ɫ˲ò԰ٴλعɫѿǻ˹ȥдɹ⣬Ǹûã˻ˡ
ǲġȿʣЦ˵һ漴ֻóǿһ˹ȥ
Źʶȴȵ
ҪɱңôܷŹƯ۾¶Ц⣬ֻǻǿ߼̤˫ſµĻ档
ȥɣ˷̵ЦţȻڴ˿̣ӳŻȻ֮ɫڣ潥Ϩ漴ĵȥ
ɫ΢΢һ㶣漴ͷַһۣղʲôϢһţ·䣬δղַ촽Ҳ΢΢䶯£·³㡣
ҪɱԼͻȻ£ɫҲסˣʱȴֱ۵ߣ
ַ֪˲˵ע⣬Ҳ̫ע⣬﷢սˡ
ܿ죬ߵԶֻŭɶַ㣬ĮĵɳĮе޶壡
ַûȥʲôҲ֪ղַղžһ֪ô¡
Զв˳ʿڵַ㣡
ַ΢΢ͷʵ˼漴˶һס
ʶֵֿ֮߳ɣ㱣ءַ˵ڻһ뿪õѡˣ뿪챤Χ
ãҲҪأȫַܹ㣬˵ͷ
ʶʱǰһ곽ͼλ̤һĨЦ⣬û뵽ܹʡ
곽ϴȥϣһˣַʴ˸к
ɣǻЩ£ˡַʳǰȥһĻһĨɫǰһߣǻһ
лصʹÿռ䶸Ȼһͣ·ͣ˰㣡


1537 𳽾
ߡŭصڿУҲص곽˵ĶĤС
곽Įɨǰһۣܷŭоƭѣָоϵ΢ЩŤ
ǣ곽³һ⣬ɫҲѿζû뵽ǸģĵغƣҲȥ˵˼ϲõķȥ룬ȴַͬ㡢ַ㣬ǿĽʶǣַʵֳǰԴһȱ˳
ߣʶַʺһַ֪ʱǿʱץأο磬ûʵ쫷㳯ǰȥ
𳽾곽ֱŰ֮ɢȥ֪˶Զľ롣
ƬشŴɹ챤ۣÿһ⻺ԶһݻۡУ𳽾Ĺ֮Ȼ̧𣬽ɫĻգĽŲȻһ̤
곽û뿪ĽŲȥΪʲôҪң
ʿ곽ŭɫɫҲ΢䣬곽һ󺰣ַʿܲˣҲŭ곽Һûʲôϵıѡ
áܺã곽ŭɫƽϢֻȴһɺ֮⣬ʣΪŮ˾ȴ챤Ҫҵˣ׼ܳͷɡ
ҽܣû˵ʲôĿȴ곽࣬곽ʵĶԻҲоһ˿ڵǳ嶯һ᲻ẦʶǴ˿̿˫ʧ͸۾죬ƺ˵ʲôȴԶԡ
ղŲַ֣Ѿˣû뵽㾹Ȼм͸ʧ࣬ûԣ
ʵĻͬһ̰ļ䣬嶼΢΢ղţֵַģ
ôᣬôܻҡͷԸʵ
ۿģѵΪ˻ְ𣡡ʵĻϴʹ࣬Ǹղһ仰ûԣʱ·ʧǰ㣬亹ڶѾûˣ
ַʵƬȻ׷ǵʣҲĲΣΪ׵ˣٶȺܿ£޺СȣͬձҪǿˡ֮ҲˣȻҲһŶۣСЩͬ¾ͲǴܱͨȵˡ
ĿռС粻һȶǿ߸ܽ˺̤ޣȹ̵磬ַ㣬Ҫߺѣ뿪켣ȺУлᡣ
ƸոջָһЩֿʼ֮Яַߣֲǿ˵Ŀ⣬ҪѲ̫ܣ˶ַ㴫˵
ַͷ΢΢鴤£ôʦٴεԼǰ棬ԲУʦֵѡһ뿪γǽʽȻûпľʶԻȴܹܵõ֮һоڲеꡣ
ʦȥǵĻܾܿ·ַİš
ǿ׷ˣַ㣬ߣַſַ㣬ȻʱַȻֹסûǰУͻȻתŻ·ȥʹɫȻ佩
ʦǲҪҵģҵҪץ˶ˣߣַʴһȻע£ַӰԶȥ߱ͬ˱챤ЩɱΪ˷չ׳ЩΪãҪǵʲһһ˵ʣ챤ûκμֵԣǱɡ
ʦߣһʶУʹɫǲ˲ûͣŲһ̤ǰ̤ȥǧܣȴ֪ʲôζ
ַѾԼȥˣΣֻߣʱþȫһҪϧַԼɸ·
𳽾նɨ磬ӷޱߣɨ¿յַһۣ׷ȥַЩ˾Ϳˣ
ΪסңַһϹħֱ֮񷣬޾âӿ֣޷죬ͬһħվǣȴ͸һ˭֮ԵϢ
ɱһ콣â·Ҫնأſ֮⣬ǰ׷ַӰɫȻһͣ¶Ȼ֮ɫͬ籼׵Ľ˲佫Σٶȿ죬ĸ죬׷˽ŲȻͣɵĿǰַ㣬˺ǿЩСܳķǻǿûһ򵥡
𳽾׼׷ʣַĻ׷֮ʱɨַһۣ㿴˰ɰħӰԼ콣â׷ĽŲӲ֮ͣ⣬Щ˵ȷסַ㡣
ֱַӽԼǰӵˣĿ⿴ԶĽ𳽾ҵʵӦûȥɣѾ˵ʦ𣬼׷ɱкڣ
𳽾ַ㣬ɫ¶һµɫʵû˵նݳκǱڵвܷŹοһλǿߣʱΪʵֹǹȥѣԣһ治Ѻ㣡
𳽾˵֮ʱ¶Ц⣬ַǰֳǿΪڻʦ뿪𳽾Ȼ£Ϊַʣֳַһܾϲ챤ܴǳʱڸˣ
ַ𳽾ĻԷȻ£ʱȫ뿪ˣҲֻʱѣЩ˶˾նݳֻ˵˵ѣֻʰȻˣҲֻô࣡
׼ѺȥַԽ𳽾ʵ
Ȼ챤ģǲ㲻ģֻиõǰ̣𳽾Ц˵ַȻĹɱԿ϶֮ϣЩӰ˻߳˻ȥ߱ɱԼʦĳַǻûǣ
һʱ䴦һС𣿡ַŽ𳽾
ԣҪУ𳽾˵ͷ·ܿ㡣
ллַŽ𳽾˵һ漴ĽŲ·̤Щ׷ɱַӰȻÿһַĿȻĮȴҶַΣȻҲûʵַΣղַһɻǵԺ˸վڸղǱɱ֮˵λãͬѾǸˣ


1538 Σտ
ַֻصǰ𳽾ʼվַϿնַӰ粽룬׼ַ뿪ߡ
ʿַͽ𳽾ͬʱ֣Ѿôһ£¶һ˿εɫַ㣬Բ𣬶ҵĴ
룬ʱһ£ĻַѾԶȥˣڵ
ʶҪ˵ŶԡַЦǸŮ˾ԼѾܶˣαҲʺ޹ϵȫΪ࣬ǰΪ಻ɱ־
곽ɫĿˣֻ̧ͷеӰ΢΢ͷ𳽾鷳ˣ
Ӧġ𳽾ӦЦŮ˾곽ô
Ҳ׼زˣһ챤곽ӦһĿַϣʱַѾжαװ¶ݣ곽Ȼϳַ㣬곽ӡǷǳ̵ġ
𳽾Ϊַ㣬ǳ̤սܹǳ壬ֶκܶ࣬Ѻͻ챤ɡ곽Ž𳽾˵ʱý𳽾һǴɹˣƽʥǳɹ֮ˣȭǾŴɹ챤һٮٮߣַ㾹ܹǡ
д⣡𳽾ͷ˵
ַ㣬ʱĽŲ࣬˫Įɱ˸ַǺˣгر̤˲н죬ʲô࣬ˣԼȴ𱨺õ˶ԣַ㲻ԭ
޴ˣҲẦԼַ˵ʣ޴ܺߡ
಻ֱַ˫۾˿ңû뵽ģ붼ҪˣϢѾϣϢڽĲʳֵС
ܵϢȫܹ϶ûƭȷַһǣղǾ˿ȴҪɱ
ҪɱңҲ֪㣡ҡͷľôᣬȻ䣬͵ĺˣӣַ̫ǿҪԶַ㡣
ַ³һ֣֮˲䱻װŲ漴建ȥ
뵽䵱УȻ˰Ե֮ͨ𳽾ַɱ࣬ɫ۾һ΢Ĳַ֪ʲô֮ͨһжԼ֮
߰ɣַ̹ȻĶŽ𳽾˵֪챤ôԸִС߳ˡ
룡𳽾ܿĵԴַ㲢ûַеַӵͷŲڿգԶһֱı̤ȥȻǻ򣬵ɿԷǳĿ챤Ϊ챤̫ˣһ
챤ˣİ˴ɹű˵ز֪жԶһܹģӰӣŴɹ챤ǵ֮ء
𳽾곽ַʵԶ𳽾ַ㱣ֵľʼڰ֮ڣܹʱƿصַ㣬κ⡣
һЩʱַ̣챤ɣȸߡ
챤ַͷ֮ͨϵ֮űȴΨк䣬ֻҪһһű챤̤ڽµġ
ȥɣ𳽾˵ַ˳Žݳڿգ֮أӵݣͨеǷ챤ͣԶû챤ɣַ챤ϵƽ̨վ۾֪Զľ룬ֻҪ㹻ǿǶܾ۵ףϲһǿҵƿƿ֡
𳽾Ҵȥȥ֪ͨ곽Ž𳽾˵һ𳽾΢΢ͷ곽ȥ𳽾ַָʳǰһϱȥ
ʶǻζԸ㣿ַʴʵ
֪ΪŮ˾ûɣֻǰ곽ΪչˣҴŭ²Һùʵдһ˿֮⣬˸Լƣȫ곽ƿ֡
ַ㣬㲻̫ңԼ˵һλǳʣصԻֶΣܶ˵ӡ˴Ӵ챤ղ곽˵ȥַ֪ܱͨԸ㡣
ʺַ̤֮ʱϴʵĻַüͷһ壬Ӧòµõģ챤ȴɱΪ׳ԼҪЩСĸԸΪãҪĿֶΣ˵䡢˵ǿʩӡ
ӵֶεˣǿ׻ǣСˡַʵ
ַ㣬δҲ̫СЩС߳˰ɣȻҲ֪Щֵ߳Ƕֵˣһ츳ǳˣԶǳܼڴĻǿܱǴģǵĻ֪Լǿ츳֮ҲѡĳЩ߳ΪһЩޣɲܹģǴɣֻЩˣǲŸƿء
ʶַַʱ˽⣬Щƿߣ˸ַʽӵܣԻ˶ԷǹһִɣĻɱɻ䡣
ޣһǳɳĳЩͬɽһֻҪ츳㹻ǿͿԳΪɽޣҪκδۣɽ֮ܵأĳЩ￴صĻǽǴˣңɽԼδȵʵǿһ̶ȣѡ߳ȥҲȥǿͬ챤ֶοˣֻѣǿͬɽһ˴󡣡
Щѡɽ߳ǿߣΪɽޣһɽѣҲԸɽɡַʵĻ˵һǳõѭΪѭɽ֪£ɴƬ򲻵
ǵģЩƵˣǲǽӴɽģΪıɽĳ￴أܹΪǽӴ챤ԸǵǳɳͻԸ챤ˡ˫üţûȥԼİΣַ㵣
˿ƵĻǾģǣѾ̤챤ϣҪܸǲܵ飡
𳽾ָǰĳűַ˵


1539 ַ㣿
տĴԵúܰ𳽾ַʵ档
˵˿̵ַ㲻Ÿܣ˿ƣ㳹ˣԽ𳽾ǿߴ粽Ŀأκεķͽ͵ģֻԼѿѣ˵ȴδ֪˽Լϣûκİ취
֪ٵһѣȴûκη֪˸ожôĳأַɻֵܱȻȴľţСУʵѾǾԵǿˣΪڻ֮⣬ɱˣһжһˣĴ磬ԪܻĴ磬ȻڶһԪζʲô
Щʮꡢꡢǧ겻ǿߣжǿȥ
һûµģַжԼ˵ǰοԼһֻҪ㹻ǿһջƿԷĿƣֻҪš
ҲַһһֱţܽţҲƿزԼˣŮ˾ǲĻ챤ͬöԸַһֶζԸŮ˾ΪŮ˾̫࣬ǿ߸öһƣбҪ
աաŲַͷ΢΢£㿴˵Ӱ˽һ곽һ˿Ϊϴߣֻһ˫аͫױ¶棬ǳַ㴥˫֮ʱ·¡
𳽾΢΢Ƿǳȴ·ûпһһ·ǰУ˵λĸߵԶ׼
˫¶ַ㣬һǿҵβ֮䣬ַֻоԺһƬ磬ģָоַܹǻĺǹսʱһλŮӣηʱַη֮ʱ򣬱ָоƣֻǴη˯һΣȴجج
챤ˣ챤Ϊ챤챤ֵһλðַɵԺҪ͸ԴҪֲ뵽굱С
ôΪ챤棬챤ҳҪ𣡡ַʼֿܼͣǵӰȴ·ԶͣϢ㣬һֱԺصҪӡ棬һԷʹ˯״ֿ̬ôȻԺֲ˼롣
صܿ£ɥʧң츳йΨһ㣬ǻҳ챤
˵ԼһֺĶıӡӡǣ͵ڱ˿˼룬ʱ򼴱֪챤жԹΪ˼ӡɻҳ챤
˿ַֿԽԽһӡʼ굱УһУֻжԷԣ·ȫֲԺӡһַӡӡ
ַ㣡ɫ΢Щ԰ףȻ˿һǿϣҪϢ
𳽾곽ʹ˸漴һɴ֮оʵ壬Ƴ˴޷ֻܿһĶԸַ㡣
곽֪ôʱܱţĽŲҲ˳ȥյĴֻʣַˡ
ôַţû뿪ַ˲䣬ǹһֱַ֮С
ãв³һ˯ɣ˯һ֮
ַ۾ı·ָ˳˯У˵ϡ
֮µ۾·Щˣ΢΢˫ٴϵַ㳭漴ַһ̤˴
ַȷ˳˯˿̵ʲô֪һư׹𣬷·Ǵӳ˯״̬ѹһصķҪ͸׹⣬Ҫ뵽ʧȥ˵ַֿӡ֮С
ǰ׹ȴȻһµĻâ·ػأκ˲ƬأƬ֣ûгɹһʮıѩУʹͼֵַȥȴʧˣӡҲҪȥͬʧˡ
ֻʵȻʹΪʶܹ֪һӡǵĴڣȴ֪˿̵ַǰڵĵطȥַѾƿ֣ȵַµַ㣬Ϊ챤Ч
ַ֪Ҳ֪Ϊ˿̵ַĳ˯ˡ
һݻԺ丮ۡУĿĮ곽ܵʱעԼҪ˰ڲɣҲϣ˶ܹɣ˲˵ĿƣԼУַ㣬һúõжҲ챤ħֶ֮ס
׼δңʿ곽˵
곽ɫ䵭챤ֱϵѪ֮ˣǿƵ챤ӵзǳߵĵλԼҲ츳ǿ󣬵ӵܣҪõģ῿Լȥȡ֪иǿ̫ˣû竵ʸԼܹ׵õʣȴûȥռУ׷Լܾȥá
ҲȷʵܺãʵĲ䣬ΪŮ˾ʸܵأΪԼôӦǽģû뵽еĵλһոմСܳˣԶԶ磬оʧܡܲˬǹɰĽҲΪ˺⣬ȻǺãʸһŮ˾챤ĵλжô£ܲϧĺ
곽֪ǣʲֻ챤֪곽ãҲܶӵֱϵѪʲôо곽챤ˣֻ᲻һ
곽ȷĽ㣬ģҲռһҵŮˣ˴СȨҪʱвŮ˾Ҫ˾ңΪеһԱ곽Į˵ɫ΢΢һ䣬ɫȻ԰
곽㱰ɣŭȻ֪˾Ů˾ζʲô
ֵܹĳϳΪ˾ӦøеңдҲһ곽Į˵Ĳ䣬ģһ°źһλŮ˾ȥ֣ţܿ㲿ֻ°µŮ˾ʵĴڡ
곽˵ӷ˳ȥʵҪͼܣʶӦԼò챤в̰ɫǿɲô˵
˵곽뿪ˣʸоվѲ챤Ϊ׼


1540 αװ
һ֮У棬Ϣ֮˸о泩
ϥ֮УʱһӰӰŲ΢·¾㣬ĿеĹ٣ǷԷθ
ǰ֮ʱû˵վһߣܰ·Ƭռ䵱С
ȴãƵ˫֮ͫУ޷
Ѿ𣡡վŵӰ˵
ѾãǰȥĿӰͷɺܹ
á΢΢ͷ漴Ŀ⿴һԵַ㣬ʱַ۾ѾѾˣֱܵĿƹ֮ʱ۾ֻ۾ôһֱ·ڵȴʲô
ַվ漴΢΢һĺˣ
ɶַ㿴Ƭ̣ûκεУһص˶ûκεѶȣҪȥٿ̽һΣûбҪǿţǧԴ޳֮ûʧܹλεĿƣοַ㡣
һǧûʧܹһεʱģ͡
ڽĿƿ³һվǰȥַҲһ𣡡
ǣˣַ㱣žԵĹԵǿ߿ַһۣ漴̤Σַ
ǿƺڵַĽŲַ㲢УַǴ˵С磬֪ǰļ仹ڣǣסڵ㣬ҳڴˡҳ챤
ףַ˵ͷ漴Ĭԣ˵࿴
Ƭ֮˵ĽŲ֮⣬ֻǰвٵӰǣַƽĿɨȺ֮ʱȻһ
Ϊˣңкüˡ
ޡս̨λʦֵܣǶȺУȻʱûгƼ˵ץˡ
⣬ԳɣҲ£⣬ӰҲȺС
ʱҾ֮УľûǧȺͳΧж½أҪѶԷħץʵҪ
Աץ˶ԣӵˣȻ࣬Ҳ챤ҲܲɣôĶǿƣȻ󲿷˶ˡ
챤ǿ󣬵˻һֺγ£챤û뵽˻ĻΪ콣ʵĸ߳ôԶǶʧ㣬˻ĵҲδ뵽ǵôֲͬʧ㡣
ʹߴ˸ʳȥģ콣ʸ棬޿κΣľΪԷЩ˻ĵӶѣ˲żȫ˳ȥϾʱ䲻ˣһʮ֮ʹߴĹرͨӴ˲С磬ΰ죿֪зһҪա
ЩȻҲַ㣬ɵɫ΢΢һͣԳɺ̨ӣ˵ȻǶԣ챤һУַ㱻ܣҲֻǸоЩѣַ΢΢˵ͷ
һĮȻףַкܸӣŭ޲ɱֻţû֪δܵƣζ챤ܰȫԺеǻѡ
Ŀһ˵ϣ˲һ˻֮ˣпǰƵˣȧЩߣĿ͸Ű⣬һͷް㡣
ɱַָ㣬˵ʱַɫһҪ̽ʵ
𣡡Ųһ̤棬˵зһ˻𣬺ɫƸųë͸ſµ֮Уͬһ̩ɽ㳯ַѹȶ¡
ַоԼ嶼·Ҫѹ㣬ԷֲܿƷ·ܹͽ˺ɽ壬һܽ޻
ַ㲢ûкˣȻҪαװȻҪαװһ㣬ҪöԷɡ
Ƶпµȭâ֣ǵ˫ȭѾ˺ӣŲݺݵһַ̤˫ȭƿգħױȵİԵͺط·ҪأͬͰԵеħȭײһַµĴز˺ռһɰԵĺɫĻŰɢȥ紵ͬ
𡭡Է³һ嶸ȻΪףԳ
ֲ֮ܿʯַԴԳԳɵͬ࣬ʵԳֻǿѾ۷塣
ƣַŭһµţ֮ЮȭâԳ÷񷡣
һ˻еӰ˱壬һޱӴԳһأַ·ҪѣԴʹԷϾǰǰû֮ʵҲһֺ˵ĵزˣֻǿһΡ
Ǵһö˵мɵĻΪһʣԵ˵˵Ƿǳ֮ÿһöлһλʣ˼ʹҲΪǳ߳ɻᣬԸЩԶ۷壬Ҳ
ˣҪȵǧ֮ɣǲ򣬱㲻裡˿˵û˵ʲô˵սʱ˵ٶȷֿԳַڵ֮ϣĿԡ
˸ո̤ѾܹԳˣһ˱һȻҪºܶ࣬ɺЩﾹȻֻôˡ˵ʲô֣սӣ㣡
ǣˣ΢΢ͷ˶ӣսӣܹƾԼɻʵˣַŵһγ֣˾ͽսӣɼǳַ㡣
ˣԳҪ񻯣ʱһÿ񻯵Ȼ㰲ɼֿжǿ
ЩӦùˣ㸺ǰɣ⣬⼸صһһֱ뿪ߣЩ˽ˡ
ʲô֣˶ַʵ
ַ㣡ַƽĻشԳڣѣ뽫ʵ̫඼ܣԳҳ̫࣬Ǻܻܿῴ¶Լ˸ղַս֮ʱѾ˲ٵŻᱻء
·˽һȡݸַ㣬ַû˵ʲôϡ
ɢ˰ɣ˶Ⱥ˵һʱ˷׷ɢַǰȥȥ
ַɺܰĸţһ仰˵ֻҪںܰȫ㹻ˣ˶Ϊˡ
Ƭ֮˴ַеһطƬطвϯضıĿţǺԼһ£ңЩϥ֮ʱַܲǵĴڣˣǷǳǿޡ
˿ַ㵱ȻҲףǼ³ۣƺǵλ


1541 
в˶Եǰǣд裬ȻҲң˺ַ֮У˵
áַ΢΢ͷ˴Ϊ£Ҫˣ챤ЩץĿĻΪǿʹ챤ǿʢ˳˿⣬챤ģ⵹ַоΪȤ
Ĵ󲿷ˣܶǰ˻ĵǰɣɺޣȴ챤ƿأΪ챤еһɿֲַа̾챤˾챤ƿСһʱ⣬һ꣬һС翪ζŴС߳һǿߣʦ˵߱ͬ˺֮ͬһ˿ԼһЩ츳ǿлѵģͬ콣ʵ˵һܹƼ
Щѵˣ߱ͬòСǾ˵ģ챤һɿѹ־Ŵɹ챤СĿȨ˿ء
ԺһƬ֣֮أһʱգʱȥдָ̣֪زɱ㣬Ȼ۾÷һЩΪǺܶ˲ϲȻɱ㣬Űһ⣡Ц˵漴Ųӿ죬һӰʧ
ƬֺܴԶɽ֮ԼٲˮΪЩ¾ֳ
ַĿɨһЩϥȺ漴˸ǰȥƬַ֮Ӱվһˮٲ֮ϣŷµĹӣǺоһվٲУһȭȭϺ֮ȭз·ڤӣء
䣬Ŀռ͸ź֮ʺǿߡַаŲһ̤Ȼʧ˲Ϣ֮䣬ַһʥأյ֮֮ͨˡ
Ӧһλµλǿߣ챤Ķ˻ľĵ޶ƿأԼƬСʺϸ֮ءַٶ˸Щʱ̣һƬλ֮أλ֮С
ַϥʼ״̬Ժ֮УͷţһƬħ֮ϣַƵУһöͭƬȻƬƬ׶ͭƬ
ַ㽫ͭƬħ֮ϣȻ䣬âҫͭƬȻûǿ֮⻪۳һ嫽
һַ㶢ͭƬȥħȻͭƬû˱Դ֮壬գǹâ۳һɹǿۣɹ֮Уȴ˸оΰ·֮
޼ַɫһѵǷͷ˵һͭƬǴ޼ǰ޼һ޼칬
һ칬Ӱûκûдãַ΢΢ҡͷ漴ͭƬסâʧȥ롣
ֳַһž飬ֱУʼⲿž顣
ã磬ַĿһĨʡ
ιžУҲ棬һοǧַ꣡૵гһö֮Ȼȥʹͻֻ֮ץУĸܹ֮ܵĽӴιž
ιžһһžνǧΡָ䣬ιžһǧ꣬縡ΪգΨΡ
ַħħսͬʱ޸޴ιžҲֻû֮˸˺ҵ㣬ĿԼǿЩӵܣֱ޼Ĺ;Ļͬ޶ֹһ˸׽ӴģȻһЩĸԹǿġ
ַ֮ιžʵΪ̵棬ңιž£ҲǷǳηֱ˯֮У֮㹻ǿһǧ꣬ǧ֮ǲ׺ɣ
ģַ㳹׵УһžǳϦ֮£ַΪʵѾһ̶ȣžһԽ֮ԼΣξ
ĺôȴ֮ģУõģȴеܹǿʵ
ַ֮֮߳أٲ֮µˮУҲַ㣬̧ͷϣ񷣬ַȥһӴ֣ץַ㡣
Ƿ֮׳ַаƻۣտԽһħ죬ǿʢһȭֱӴֺɱ
֮촫Ӵӡѿ漴ɢַվħ֮ǿԷֻһ⹥գȻַܹ֮ܶ࣬ƿ
ħ޷ϵָȥȥɡеǿ߶ַ㿪˵ַֻ̤ٺ֮ϣǿ˵ǰæ߰ش֮ѹң԰˰ٴơŰٴԼǧֱ֮ѹңܡ
ȷԷʵ
ǰͽַ̡ϥôں֮ϣһʱϣ֮һͬХַϣκˡַ屻˺ֻоʹͬʱش֮ѹȸ˵˿üͷް㲨
Ȥ¶һĨЦݣʱǹɾκ˸ǿ߰ٴ֮ͬˮ֮ݺݵĺַ㡣
ַƺһƽȶ·ʹû֪ѡӡ
죬˰ٴƾŰٴ̽٣ϯأѹַϢ֮УַɽׯܹǿĴŭХԲɽ
ֱǰ֮٣ֲƿصĸоٴνַϣʱ䣬ѹ֮ʱѪǷ·𶼱ƿ֣ܽѹ˾ͺǱ˿֮УŪ
Ҫ𣿡ַ֪ڽѹ֮Ҳ˶ݵʱ䲻ܹܵʲô֮ɽׯǿԴΪڵĴڣ̺Ĵƣʱ޿̵ĸţҪһλǿ˰㣬һֱͣ㵢Լʱȥƣǲܵ顣
ˣлǰַĿ¶һĨʣ漴˸̤뿪
ַصԼǰ֮أһַ֮չ壬ô˵ϣȳƣͰ˯֮С
Ȼ˿ַ̣ȴξʱξǿԸִ֮ѹϣξѭַֹ˯֮Уܴѹȣ·صɽׯңɽׯΪ̣ʵѹɽׯֻǰڡ
ַ֪ʱξиʲôػһղַǰȥͽ֮ʱѹȿȻʵڡΣ


1542 ƿȨ
ιžΪ֮ž֮ںصĹžжεĸҲǳ棬֮ǹžеһ
֮ķɣͺһΰ㣬ַɣΧһлȻг˯
֮һӰվַǰûз֣Լξ֮С
üЩãַ츳ӹɣõϿɣݣ츳ǿһܹΪǿߣŬԼ͵֮Ҫ˿ѷ츳ûܹ츳Ŭǿľ磬Լ֮Уֻ˷Լ츳
˿̵ַȳơϢƽͣϢţһлδ˯˯ƺҲ̫Щ߶ûвЩ졣
ַ㣡˺һַʱҲֻǳεΣױѣϴŮӻΣȴǱȽεξһѣȻŮӿƿŴη֮ȻǺǿһ֮˵ξʱ̫ˣַ˴ιž
ˣַվξĸ֪⵹һڡ
˲ˬĿַһۣ
˵ձתȥַ˵һ뿪ƽĺܣûںԷԼĿҪʵξʵԲκ֪õһΣʵܻõϵʱ
˴ַϴε֮⣬Ҳڡ
˴ǰ򣬸챤һ򡣡˶ַ˵һ˶Ѿַ֪ģ˿ⶣһ
ɣһ̤ǰУ˳һСϵ˸ȥƬ֮ǰ·ȴֱӴ͸һŹӰʧ
ŹСĳڣ
ǰ׵ڵС磬ڱ˼ֵǿŹȻַĸκɷֵġ
ַһ𴩹磬һž޴ĹŹڲһ硣
챤һ֣˴Ⱥ˸챤ɽݱԵ֮أԸǣƽ̨յѾвȺˣһЩǿߣΪءؾ磬ʶԶˣһľ룬ȴô̤ȥġ
곽ҲЩȺУַ֮ĽŲַ˹¶һĨĳ֮ɫ
Ϊˣʾ񣬴ѾΪ챤ū֮ˣ
ϲʣ곽ַ㵭ʵ
ʵʵ˵Ժӣ˶ַ˵ַ΢΢ͷ곽شǣ
곽Ѿ϶ϲˣԣȻ˳ŶԷ˼شһǣʱ̼ԼǱˣǶҡ
Ӧûشǰ棬Ӧü֣곽Ȼ֪֣һâʵıѣ޷ȫͻ
µȷϲʣַ΢΢Ƿ곽ڵȻͷһɲǣȴһ⣬ȻҲֻһ˲ѣͷ̧ʱȻֵָȻ·һбˡ
곽ַ۾Ц£ַǰԽУΪϲŮַ
һúһ곽Ц£漴ת£ɲ챤ūͶѣʣѡжôĿɱ
ɣʱΪ׵һλǿ߿³һǿַС֮ͨɱǵΪ֮ˣһλλʣʵǿʢ
һӰնУžŴɹ챤Ļ̤ȥŴɹ챤СƿȨѾԽԽˣĵص㣬ƬˣŴɹ챤ѾʼƬ򣬲ǣеȺҲƬ嫵ĻַһƬʱ򣬷ԶԶıһҪࡣ
ˣŴɹ챤СƿȨԺַʽַ˽һƬۡУ֮ʱַߵʵ߶һ
Ŵɹ챤ʮ֮µ֮˱ԣǿӵȨʻӦ˵Ƭ˾֪Ŵɹ챤ǵƿսҪս췭ظҰ˼棬ǰض£һʵþ֮ˣΪɽޡ
ɽ䲻棬ΪƬ嫵ɽɽӵоԵĻȨΪþ֮Ƿǳ֮ѡ
ַ㿴һǰ곽һۣЩ궼챤һӵܣǺƵģЩˣֻάʸսȨûУкܶǿ߲ѷЩˡ
챤ҪεƿǣͲǱɽִأǱڵĹɽҲ֪Ϊǲ֮£˲ȥܡ
ַ㣬곽鲻Ҫ̫⣬㣬Ǳ޴ԺĪҪ͵úȡ̤֮챤ĵλδ곽֮¡ٴ˵
лַָ̣һлȴ֮Աǣıˣɻɻǿܣк壬ȻԷ˵ҲҪúΪЧն
Ƭ֮һǰӭˣפƬ챤ʣ𳽾
𳽾Ϊ׵λҲܿȻԷĵλ챤ɱҲ˸𣬲Ӧûǲǿ챤޿ȡģҲƿһ֧ǳǿľš
𳽾ַһۣ漴ЦҴ˵ģɡ
л𳽾ˡʿЦ
أֻҪС𳽾΢΢һЦ漴ַ㣺û뵽ôʹ£˵дǰ;ģ
л𳽾ַαװš
ãλǰϢһգһ𳽾Ц˵ڸ߶漴ַ㿴ŮǰָǰȥԵס
ַ㣬ЩŮӶŮ˾Ϊ֮ÿСƿȨ֮ʱ˾֮±ȫŮ˾㿴ûпеŮӣϲ㡣ʶַ˵ʱַͷ΢΢һû˿˷ܣоĪķŭ
ΪοȺ̤֮ʱɫˣŮ˾ûɣǵˣƿ챤Уƽﻹãÿʢ˾֮Ů˾ʱǱ˿УǻҪͣ
ʶڲڣַĿŮѰòδʵӰ곽˼²׷Źʶ


1543 ɽ
ҹƳ£ȻַѾ˯˵θһ£ַҪ״̬˲ܳУ޴ιžޱȣ˲Ϣξ֮УΪԼϢ֪
ҹʱ֣ڿգַ㷿⣬ַ㷿֮УҪַΣɫܿΪַ˯ڴϺȣ˲̰ɫȴ˯
ŭ䣬ַ㲻ﻹȰṳ֮́ҲЩһһһҲÿͿϾǿߣ
ڶЩ֮˱ȥѲӵģΪַڳ˯Уʹֱûȥַ㣬˯á
ַ˯Ȼ˷ǳϲΪһ˯û˺ַѹûһ˯ʮ죬涼Ѿǳˣǿ߻ַۣûйϵ㣬˯
һ޷ַܵ㣬վַ㷿֮⣬˼֮⣬쵰һ˯ʮ죬˿ûѵļ
ַпޣʱ࣬Ȼѡ
ȥʱʶԵһλŮ˾˵Ů˾΢΢ͷλʣԹԵĽַķ֮С
ˣŮ˾ַ㺰һȴַûжɵǰ΢΢ҡֱַۣٴκˣ
䣡Ů˾嶸Ȼ䱬ˣݺݵײǽ֮ϣ䶼Ӳײ飬漴ݺݵڵϣɫ԰ף¶˿˿Ѫ
ô£ʿŮ˾Ӳĺɫ΢΢£ֻŮ˾ĵˣҡ
ԭղֱַ۵һɲǣһɿµĴ֮ӲĺϣǱ˴˿̵ľ棬ʵڻҡ
Ǹˣ˯Щʱַӷ˳ڵ˯֮ʱϰ˴ҵ壡
Ժ˯Ҳ̫ˣַаЩ裬һ˯ʵĲ
ԭҲ֪Լ˯˺ܾáʲ˵һмС֮ˣǿ߽ѵȥȥĵط
ǣˣַ˵ͷ漴һ뿪ߣ˸߳˽𳽾ĸۡûйãַ㷢Լһ޴Ĺ㳡֮ϣ޴Ĺ㳡·רΪսڣΪ棬֮ؽнݿ̨ڿ̨ǰһȣͨս̨֮ϣڹ㳡Χнֵнǳ
˿̨֮ϵˣ˾ֻվڿ̨ԵҿյԼԶˡ
˿ѾˣУս̨ŻɾŴɹ챤һΣȻΪһƬʢ£ǰΧۡ
Ǵ绹С磬󷲱սսԻս̨Ը߹ԡַɨһۺΰսַ̨ǳã֮˵ս޷֣һǱԵսᶯս̨ͬѩԼڻ֮Լһһͨսκʱκεص㣬ڣɱԷΪĿġ
СȨսȻǱսʣŴɹ챤һ˵ս
ַ챤ڵһλ˶ѾˣмλҪμս챤֮Ҳڣ챤̨ͨս̨ĳ֮ϣڷһ޶죬״ͬ챤һŶ챤һŶŴɹ챤ӺܾñѾˣСȨսҲһΣһֱ񣬶ŶΪ֮ãʵֻһʽѣȴһֱ񣬼ڿ˾Ŵɹ챤Ļҵ
ǶѾػЩʱգ㵹ãҸʱ䣬Ϊúȴճڻ˯֮У˷츳Լ˶ĿءȰοַַһ£ʵڲһװ˷Լ츳
ַַ֪ƽ˵еǸоΪȤû뵽ЩҪԼ˷ԼԼǿ¾ǵĩհɡ
ˣ⼸ҵȱػڴ˵أʱҲЩסҪ˵ĻԾشֻ챤ҲĪҪȥǰȥ˵ĵ£Ȼǰ£УһĿƺַЩģһﾹȻ˯ôоַ㲻ףˣǱˣֱӷ
ǣˣַɲӦһҵ̨һλãֱϥ붨״̬˲Ϣξ֮С
һĻʹ۾һգգĿַ㣬ôоַ̫ڸʲô
ѵַ㿪˲ɣ˿̺ȳƣûκϢ˯֮״
ˣŶ̶̼գҲΣһʱһΪ֪а˵漴㲻ȥٹַ㡣
ַ˯ˣʱĹȥӣַڳ˯вѡ
ʱ챤һλ֮أȻĿ⳯ԶȥֻкüӰ̤ն湫ӣ
ַ㣬ʱһַУʱַĿֻ챤һȺԶȥкṳ̸̈Цò
ַĿҲǼȥȷʷǷ̤գ·ؽһ𣬻ȻɣЩֻʮ֮ˣ¶ǿߡ
Ȼַǵʵ䣬Ȼͬȥһ
ӭλɽܣԼ𳽾ǰǳ΢΢ǷʱַҲһ̫ڲͬ
ɽޣַаӹɣ̤ļλӰΪɽޣѹԼ𳽾˿ɽޣƬɽ򣬷ǱѰӵλء
ǽɽ֣ҧøһЩ
ȻɽޣԶ˽Ŀ⳯Ͷ¶˿˿Ľ֮ɫɽ
곽ֶɣʱһλ꿴곽Ц˵
常ң곽һЦһĨâ壬ɽΪһɽޣ챤ӵоصĵλпܳΪ챤ˡ
ɽһλ٣һвɽ㣬úñ֣ȡܹΪһɽޣԾţ곽ļЦ˵Ŀ⿴ˣҲŬ֣Ȼ˲룬챤УһͬʣңɽӲգֻʵ츳
ǣˣ΢΢͸ŷâܳΪɽޣǵĵλ㽫׸ı䣡


1544 
֮ɽЩͬһɽύĺѣܹΪɽ޵˽Զдˣ໥ύΪǴɱСǿߵҲˣɣΪͬɽޡ
ʱ챤һǿ½Ŵɹ챤֮ҲˣңŴɹ챤һɽڣ츳꣬ȻܹõԵɽɽкܸߵλˣȴ١
Ŵɹ챤ֱΪ챤˾챤챤챤챤ҩɹ׷ɹɹɹЩŴУӵоԵĻȨȻʱھŴɹ챤λ֮ˣȴǾŴɹ챤ԼһˣҪôɽޡҪôǿߡ
ɽ޾Ŵɹ챤ڵǣһѡ
곽Ժɽǰͬһǰȥǰиӡ󡣡ɶ곽˵ʱ곽¶ϲɫ΢΢л常
ַվڿ̨ԱߣɨȺаŴɹ챤СȨǼսͬʱϵɽлὫԼµɽгΪɽޣһشͬҲǾŴɹ챤һηǳҪĲģѹƺƴܵӡ
Ŀ⻷Ƭ嫹㳡˿ĴΪӰַھŴɹ챤ķλ˲ϤӰ˾챤һеʱɱǵλʣ˾ճ챤һַ㿴˹챤һ׿췲׷ɹػСͨʹߴ˺ȻУɹַ㿴ǳ壻ɹԼХӰ
Щ˽ΪŴɹ챤һǰȥСнѹ໥֮䶼ΪͣŴɹ챤֮ҲǶթ֮ȻԺ
ַĿ⻹˾챤ķλϾɱǵ˳챤⻹˾챤˾챤вûϤӰ
˿ȺУҲʱͬͨһ켣֮䣬ԵúۣĿ⳯챤ȥַӰ֮ʱɵͷ΢ʹַ㣬ޡսԳҲڣ͸Į֮⣬ػ챤Ŀ̨ȻѾ챤ˡ
Ϊʦ֮ͷ·ʹţоˣַ㣬Ϊ˻ס챤С
Ƭ֮ԶƲƮֻһӰƮȻΪ׵עĿɷ̤֮󻹸żǿӰ
泾ʵˣɫһͣΪ׵ˣһɽǿߣ泾ʡ
Ŵɹ챤ɽ޶վʱǣŵľŴɹ챤֮ˣҲ׷Ŀ⿴ɽ泾ʡ
˵泾Ϊѵλۣ֮ʵɲ⣬ɽڴ˵һӵмߵλ
Ⱥ˵泾Ҫ֪һЩĻĿ⿴泾Ŀ¶֮ɫɽλʾǷǳֲʵˣھǿߣԿһ򣬳Ϊһ֮ɽΪǰۿ٣ҲӰƬ꣬ΪɽʥأɽޣҲ壡
泾Ա֮˭ѵҲΪɽ֮ˣȺа泾֮һϮ³ۣһ֮УЦգվ泾ʵߣҲĴڡ
ң֮ʵʱܹ泾ʲУȻʵλ泾൱һλǿߴܣֻǲ֪ǷҲΪɽ֮ˡ
곽ߣ̤գֻ˳볤ȣĳǽ̤Ӱȥ˴泾ѵýپŴɹ챤
ɵɽ޴곽һ֮ȥŴɹ챤׷ɽ̤ǻ泾ʡ
ӭ泾һ빪ԵøĿɽ泾ҲΪλˣأھ֮һ֣ƣͬ𳽾ʵΪԼʣ
˴󶯸ɸ꣡泾ʵȻЦ
泾⺢׷ɷ챤һλǿЦ˵ʱ˰Ϻ꣬ʰǰʱձ泾ʿأΪ˵ӣ泾ʷǳϲʹ챤ԽԽƣΪ˴ѹɹ챤
˿챤֮ʰ磬Ҫ泾ľ롣
֣˴Ӧܴʣ泾Ц˵ƺʰΪ⡣
ˡ챤ǿ΢΢Ƿ漴泾ʰ磬Цŵ磬泾챤
ʰӦ˹ǰһ泾ʵʦ룡
ã泾΢΢һЦ漴ߺ֮˵룡
˳Ĭϣ泾һ̤У챤ȥʼ챤ûи˿ĻᣬʹĿ⽩Ӳ£챤ǻûᡣ
Ǻˣа泾ʶΪ֪ʲôݣӹɵǣԷȻһǿˡ
ɻص챤̨֮ϣ곽ڵҲˣ챤ΪʰĴڣʹ챤ɽеλͬˣ˴λ㶨Ҫúðգȡ泾ʿأ
һ߾ȫ곽ͷӦʱֻ泾ʵȥ챤֮󣬶ʱپŴɹ챤֮Ĵ׷ǰȥ챤λݷãʹ챤һΪ֣ɹ챤֮в죬Ҳ޿κΡ
ȵЩ׷ȥ֮泾Լʵʲõλ֮ϣ泾ʼ˫֮ȺɵЦʵ㿴ɽƫ֮صһΣ
Ŀзâ¶һһɨ꣬Ŀ챤λ֮ʱʱһҵˣڴˣ
¶һĨЦ⣬һĨЦ泾Ŀһͣһ·һһֱ˿̾ȻĿЦݡ
ʱ챤λַüͷ΢΢һ壬漴Զ챤λȥһλ֮ϵ泾ԼʣΪθղоǷλڿԼ


1545 
Ŵɹ챤λܱΧ۵ȺҲıðǣһ֮ˣʱˣʼɣ
ǣˣ˵˵ͷ漴˳챤λͨȥƬ֮һ漴ֻŴɹűͨϣһȺӰȺ֮УЩŮĶǼãǴ˿̴żȹ棬һ˫˫֣ɫǵİ𪼡˶г
챤һǴϾİɫׯţ¶Ϊ˼ֽޣǷ֣֮趯֮ʱ΢ң챤Ů˾͸˿˿֮Ը߹˲¡
ɹ챤ڼ֮ʱŮ˾֣ѾڱˣЩŮ˾ƵĲŮ˾ɣȺа˵һ챤ΪŮ˾׼أ߹͸ŽޣҪһŮϴżߣ֮С
ַɫĮվǣŮ˾Ŷǰ趯ţһƲ֮⣬ЩŮ˾ûпǵ·ܹܵջ֮˵ļ֮Ķ΢һ˿
ǲǺʱһַĤ֮УַĿת漴㿴곽ԼģĻַüǵ곽챤ʱ˵ʶѵʹһ⣬ĿϸĴŹŶǰŮ˾գǰŮ˾ϣԸеӣĳȡֵַ壬֮еĺ촽Լ
ʶַ䣬ʶȻǱ곽ȣòΪŮ˾
Ů˾࣬ȴΨգڹŶ죬˷׷ζżŮ˾˳ųˣ̨ǰˡ
ȡǵߣ곽Ů˾䵭˵һʱŮ˾Ƿ׷ȡΪ׵ŮӺȻʡ
Ҳַ㣬ַվȺһа̾ԼһվӲ챤ơ
常λǰЩǴ˴ҾѡŮ˾λɷϲ곽ƽ˵Ů֮֮ҲΪƽ֮£λǿƽޣżȻһΪ
Щ⶯ЩŮȷʵߵλǿҲоΪ⣬ֻĿϣʵʲô֣
常Ϊʣ
ãȥɣɻ˻֣Ů֮²ǲŮ⹲һޡ
ҧҧɫ΢Щ԰ף곽Ц£Լ׷ȻץסᱳǱΪɣܹ常ˣҲ
Ȼֻʱַ΢΢תɵˣлҪ˵
Ŷɳַ㿴һۣҲ챤֮ˣȻɽ꣬ôܻ᲻֪챤ķףַϴ£Ӧ츳Сǿߡ
ַ㣡ɫһַô£ſڡ
ˣЩҪ˵ɽ˶ŭַʻڣ漴ĿɣڵˣЧ챤֮ǰɳĮ֮Уʣʶң챤ڼ飬йŮ֮ʵң곽ҲĽʶΪ£Ǩŭʶ
ַ˵üͷ΢΢£Щãд£ѷǴ֮곽Ҿ
곽ַĻ亹һâַʣй֮£
ʶϦദܲ㺡ַƽ˵ַ㣬һĨʣַûбƣ
ַڽַ㱻˵Ļܻ˵ⷬġ
Ϊ챤˶Ϊַ㱻ˣԣǶỳַĻ
ǵģʲƭˡʶ΢΢˵
常Ҳ֪˴󵨣챤д˹֮£곽ɫÿл
˺ˣȥɣɵҲΪС¹곽ֻû˼
ʣȻд˴治֮£һὫЩµˡ곽Į˵ȴڴʱַٶȿڣˣ
üͷţַЩˣ
ˣҵŮˣ˽ҡַʿ˵üͷַʵԣһʱ֪δַ˵ֻǱ֮ˣϾأԼˣ곽챤ϵλأϵȴԶ
ΣŮŮ˾֮˲ܵͷģ곽Į˵Ļ£ʱֻоһϣ˫ӷޱȣоЩʹܵϢ
⣡ַֻĽŲ̤곽һ붯·ݺݵô곽ͷ
ַ㣡ʺһַô£ǰֻ֪˯˵ȴҶ곽ˡ
ˣûи߹Ҫ곽һδңŮˣдַŲٶһֲ̤֮࣬ͬ˲Σϯѹ곽ʹ곽üͷ壬ˣַѵ˲ɣȻ֡
зŭַʵӹɣ˿̿ͬӲεĴѹȶ£Ϣ֮С
µĿǰһĻַΪأ߰ٱĴ֮ܿɹѹ£Ӧúܿ
¡̨𶯣ӹ˴곽ϣԣַ˫֮ͫڰ֮͵촫ĽŲȻ˼ɫʱѿ
ˣĪҪ˿챤Цɵ˵ַŽǿʢ֮ʺ϶ֹ곽ȴɱ䣬Į˵ʲôԺҿ㣬ȥ״ң
ַ˵һɫΪԼ裬˱֮⣬챤ӵԼ˼룬ΪŮ˶ŭҲûʲôˡ
ʲô곽ɫѿͷ΢΢ţַ㣬ˣ


1546 
곽ǿʢ֮ţȴٶȿڣˣ곽飡
곽ɫһ漴΢΢ͷϢɱɨַϣַ㣬һ֪˭ģ
ַʱҲˣǶȥɣŮ˱ַ㣬곽׼ս̨
ǣ
лˣ
곽ֱַ𿪿ڣ¶һĨЦݣգַ
ʵŮ˾׷ˣ粨ʱƽϢ곽²ַù
ó嶯´βٷҲ࣬տСƿȨ֮գĿ챤һɽǿԼɽܶˣַ㾹Ȼֳ£ֳǿʵַ㱾ʵСĻ»ᱻֱӻС
ɴӦʴַ㣬Ϊ˼ӣһŮˣַŮˣ͸Ҳ޷ҪĻŮ˾ѡͬʱҪҲûϵ֮ҲڳУǵ֮
߶ݵȷ˲˵Ŀ⣬Ҳ˴ţŴɹ챤ڣ˶ֻע챤С¡
ʱ챤һһλǿվȻ챤֮ˣ˻ʾ£ʱռüžȴڡ
ɹ챤Ⱥߣ챤泾챤ϿͣԾӣŵĺܡ
˴ʢνҲ㲻ԣ֪㻹ǰİɡ챤ǿ˵Ŀ⿴泾ʣЦ泾㿴ɷʼ
ùңǸαΡ泾ʵЦ˵챤ǿ΢΢ͷ漴˿ڣŴɹ챤ÿһˣưʮһˣս̨ɣ
Ļ£ʱɹ챤׷֮˳ųȣս̨ȥ챤곽һˣĿȻҲ׷ײ˳ȣնǶԷǳҪܾһСƿȨһУǱҲбɽصĻᣬһΣǾŴɹ챤һβģǶҴ⣬ȫԸ
泾֣챤ǿ߶泾ʿ˵ΪȷսƽսĹǳǩսңκһ˶ҪͶԷ˴սһȡսǿʮˣǷֱһʮ˷ھŴɹ챤սǿ߻ʮ˵սڶΪʮߵսʮλģһһĵߣȡǰӵСƿȨ
ΪֻȡǰʮΪ˶Ϊսʮ֮ˣѾûвοֵˣһһǿȻǿǿһˡ
һĵȡ˵һսôֱõʮ˵ļ˼Ҳһ˶ˡ
˴Σ˶ΪǱ泾Ϊӵ챤ʰ磬õһսʮ˵챤һõһսĻôֻҪмսնǰսӦòѡ
ȥþɣ泾ԲȥǶԵһ˵˵˵ͷս̨ȥֲþ
սʽ˭þӰʲôÿ˶ҪͶԷսֻսͬѣңεսֱģĻǿǿײһõõսΪײ˱òʧӰսΪΪԼս֮ʱֱս
ǰʱգŴɹ챤ǰ˸вȥСУ֪ʵʲôزǿȺţյսܿڶԺӰŴɹ챤ǿˡ
ַһս̨¿սǰС統Уξս̨ս߳ƣȴԼ¶ԼʵֻܳΪһ͡
˵սͬһ羰ãһսԿŴɹ챤һ˵սΣǵʵغأصֻ˶ѣս
ûйãս㿪ʼˣһս챤һλǿ߶ս챤һˣìǷâ¶ײãֲεսȻ䣬ʵ˫ʵ˭Ըⶪ棬˻ǻսġ
գ챤սʤ챤ǿߣԷҲһơ
ʵǶΪȻأսԶؾ磬ңͰ˻ľ֮ͨսʤַаϾǾŴɹ챤ѡľλǿߣʵǿûлվ棬ȡ
ȻλصҪǰʮϯλѶȣַڰ˻ЩˣԼǳǣҪǿʢ٣ҾһЩʱˣʱΪ˳׼˴δսַ㲻û׼
ڶսĶͬһصǿߣͷŻƽʥâ죬ʥһУȻַ֮շѹʱ˲СĽȡսʤ
սϽţǿײԽԽ˾ϲЩǿǿײʹϢ֮Уǳ˷ܡ
Ϊÿһ˶ҪͶԷ˴ʮײζֻҪκ˶ҪսʮһսעҪǳõһʱա
ַÿһսս֮˵츳ʵ˻ľŵģϾЩ˻ĵСѡγһ꣬Щȥһʱ̤ս̨ܹɨˡ
ȻЩ˵Ҳ츳ǿߣʰҲսһǳϳ֮ʱһλصǿߺֱײ˫ȭӴһɲǣԷ徹ȻӲ˺ɱǳңɱ˾챤ˣһĻ˾챤˵ŭ𣬵ŭҲ޿κΣս̨춨ʰһɱûΥ򣬸οʰ滹Ÿ泾ʡ
սೡ֮ɫĺ챤ǿ߿һۺҹԵ泾ʵǰϢһޣսΣ
ã泾΢΢ͷȻҹӰߣԼսɲֻоŴɹ챤ˣвɽޣҲЩɽһֱսҹɫÿԺɽһЩϵһεĹ
챤ǿ߶ǲþ֮΢΢ͷ漴ǲþ֮սͣռ


1547 Ӫ
ǻȥվƽ˵һһȡõսǿȴֵøˣ챤һֳ˳ǿƣֻʰһ˶ɧλλ챤֮Ҳǳӵǰʮʸ
ʰѾǰϯλͬʱ챤˽ǰʮˣô챤һҪΪСƿ֮һˣõƿȨͬ챤һһ
챤˴ӿ̨мĳȥҲɢȥδ֮УŴɹ챤Ϊǵƿߣһٮٮ߹Ȼʵ£ʰɱص˾Ȼ׾٣֪ǲǵļսûеؼʱ̣ʵҲ˵
һжַ޹أ챤һ߳㳡ս̨ҹУվһԵȺ
곽֮һĺâĵʲô
Ѿʶ͸ˣַŲ곽ǰ棬ʵߣɨ곽ҹ֮Уַܹܵ곽еɱ⡣
곽ȥʱûȥַʡ
ʶߣַ˵·Ҳû˵ʲôһ˸ǰУص챤Ƭ򣬽ҲԼķ䵱С
ַ㣬㡭ַ㣬ڣҪȷַǷûбơ
ַ΢΢ͷʱʵ¶һĨǳЦãַ㾹Ȼûб챤סַ֪ġ
ʶȥϢ⼸Ҹ߰ɡַüͷ˵Ǻ곽׷ˣô׷ŹԼʶԼһЩʶʵȽϵͣ곽ƣ·ӡ
ַȻʶʹУݱȽ⣬ڱ֮ˣʶƾʧԷȻ֪ܹ˵ıǵʱڣơݣ޷Բ˵ֻʶ߱ˡ
ɫ΢Щ죬ַ˵ǼѾ˹ϵַֻΪ˾ѣ˴ͬһңַϴϢԸоӣɻǵ˵ͷϢȥˣȴЩƽ
ַϯضڴǰʶһλŮʵڲܵ챤Ⱥ֪βܽȳȥ
ʵһɻʵ˵ֱַӳξ֮Уʼмޣ߲ݣֻΪǿξһôΣ˯ߣپҲƣûûҹ
ҹԵΪž˿ƬϿվһӰӰ·ȫ뵽˺ڰУƺûֵܹĴڡ
Եǲ챤ƣȥЩ˿ڣЩ鷳Ӱа˵Ȼ˿Ŀ΢΢һֻͣ¿շм˻ԾһԺ䵱С
ţӰüͷ΢΢£˿Ժһ곽ͽ𳽾̸Цţ˽нԶ뿪ƬԺ䣬Զȥ
뿪֮ȴһӰϢǱ˽ַķжȥ
곽Ŀɨһۣ漴¶һ˿Ц⣬ַ㾹Һԣ֪ҪַףΪ챤ϵ֮ˣܹõܹʣһڵģ
еĺӰһĻ΢΢½ЩַķѾû̫ľ룬ֻǱӰվַ⣬ȻûнȥһƷ֮ŷ͸ȥ
η򣿡еĺӰ¶һ˿Ȥɫ˵ķ֮ȻΣַ˿֪ĻȻʮ־Ȱɣ˿̾Ȼһ˺ƹǿǰԸҶԷ˷֮
ţڴʱеĺӰ㶣ֻ˿ԭеһǣ΢Щ䶯֮У䶯֮УȻҲǳַڵǼ䷿ȥ
ȤӰеЦû뵽ҹȤһĻô˭ǵС˭أ
ΣǱַ㷿֮еַ֮ϣϢַ˿֪ԼѾ˫ξУһξǷ֮Ρ
ǱеǿƿţֱӲַķ䵱Уǵַ㣬һЦһصɱȷʵ̫ˣȻ곽ҲΪܹϢŻַ֣֮εУٻɱ
Զĳ˯ɣǱнǿ˵Ȼڴ˿̣ĿⶸȻһ͡
ǣһֱַ࣬򱻴ذס俪ʼֻ̮һַֻֽ룬漴ڵ´Уȥ
εǿɫһһλǿߣóط
ʣûаܹսʤһʣ漴˸뿪ߣ곽ԼȥðɣŪ˴Ķܿᱻۡǿ߸֪˴жǰеģع⣬ѡ뿪
Ȼ˸ȥ˲䣬һǿƿնַڷѾ״ַ㱾ˣȻʧˡ
ɫÿַ㣬Ȼ챤ĵ̶ˣ˭ɵģ
ˣӹʳ֮뿪ķ׷ȥ֮Ǻ뿪ģϢ׷١
ɿһĻü漴պȵ곽ң
ɵĽŲ̤˳ȥûȥ׷ó֮ʣǳǴ֮Ϣ׷ȥܿ죬ɵĽŲ˸ۡһطüͷţϢȻˣ·ϣ
ʱԶһطʴַӰζҪַģַûб˿ס汻ƣֻ취⿪ֿˡ
ԽʳɹĽַ˳Ȼû뵽ǣ˿ַ·˳˯޷ѹ


1548 
ַ㣡ʶų˯ַ㺰һȻȴִʱַκηӦʹʵüͷ΢΢壬ôַ㣬ûãַ㱻֮͵ϮϢȳ˯֮С
һֱ޷ַ㺰ʹɫÿʱַƽȣˣȴȻĿѣ֪ôһ¡
ôЩˣδҲû뵽ַ֮ܵĹ
˸ʴַ뿪ҵһطٿɡ
ʲ֪֮УһӰһֱûκεϢΪǿߣȻ޷ܵԷĴڡ
ҹȥڶգ㳡ս̨սţһյսɷǳңײĻ𻨱ȵһǿ̾Ϊֹ챤ķλػΧȺУȻһˣַ㣬ҹͻȻʧˣ֪ȥһû׷
²⵽ˣ¿º곽Ѳ˹ϵȻҲܶ곽ΣϾ곽ΪҵĵϵĵλһַܹȵģֻԺ˱Ȼˡ
һߣûпַκѵļЩżˣĴһǿӵǿŴɹ챤򣬽Ȼֻһҩɹ
ڶսԵһλԼפأҩɹפ֮⣬һӰ̤ıϣȻһˣȻʴַˡ
Σҩɹǰ˵Ų̤ҩɹפ֮С
һӰ˸üͷ΢΢£һλĮ˵Ǻˣҩɹ£
ΣҩɹǰְˡĿƽ˵ȻɫĮĵҩɹӲˣȥɣ
ҩɹפصУûŲǰ̤ĳһȥ
һĻʹЩҩɹ֮ɫʱĪҪȰ棡
ʵĽŲδͣٶȼӿ죬Ⱥһ׷ʶȥ
ʱѾһ⣬Ѿܵˣⷿһλǳǿߡ
Σǰ֣ˣмʶŷ΢΢ֱ֪̤ҩɹ֮٣Ҳû취ַ˯ѣַƶֻ֪ǿַһֱ˯ȴ޼ƿʩŲò²ߡ
ռĬƬ̣漴еԶֻһ˳֣ȴͬ潣âֱϡ
ôĵӣ䣬Ŀɨһʺַ㣬˾ֱסأΪ֪ν
£˱һɫӲϵ鴤ţ漴һ˫ϥأԸ㾡Уǰ־ˡ
˵գֱӽһöָϣ͵ǰ
˽ӹָУɨһ֮漴̧ͷʣĮ˵Ҫʳ֣֪νǳöָ֮ǳͷɣ
ʻȻ̧ͷɫѿǰ
ϿֲϢţȫѹϣʹʾȣɫѿ
ǣһ촫ϥµʯѣֻվַӰƮȻ뿪Ӱ֮ɫʸебǣַ⣬ɻûнҩɹ֮˲ϳ֣˭ַܰ㡣
˸ȥԶҩɹפء
ʱеĺӰ׷ʵӰа̾˵壬֪ǶǺιϵ
뵽⣬ӰŲ̤˲Ϣǰ
ʿǰͻȻӰɵĿ΢΢һˣȻܹϢĳǰɼ˱һǿߡ
Ұɣ˶ʵ˵ɫһ˾ȻҪַ㣬ǣ׽ַ㽻Է
һŵҩӦƣȡһöҩݸʡ
ɫɣ漴ҩӹûԥֱһڷ£֪ԶԷʵҪԸûбҪֶΡ
Ȼȵҩ֮ʵȴ֮ɫܵڵı仯Ŀ⾪ĿǰĺӰ
ڣӦ÷Ľ˰ɡӰЦ
ǰһĨ֮ɫƾԷǿŵҩԣȻַܹģһûԥַӱȡ£˺Ӱ
İɣʵĶһ漴㿴ǰӰȻʧ
վǣЩ֮¿ν䣬ǰܵ裬ܿ쾹һλ˽κãַߣҪַ㡣
֪Ǻݣ૵漴ںڰ˸ʧ
ļգ㳡֮ϣսɣײԽԽңЩǿ֮˽ӱзǳ֮
Ȼ˷֣⼸գ泾ߵʾȻڣ֪ȥ˺ηǸա
˴Ƭһ䷿֮УַſĿһܣ˲Ϣվ𣬿ǰһӰ
ʣַĿⶸȻһһĻʹ𾪣ôԼһ𣬶ҴʱԼסĵط
㿴⼸ľɡʶַ΢΢һЦ漴һַüģʱַϵһĻĻӰԺгֳַϱ鲻ϱ任Ȼ˰ˡ
䣡һµĺâַŶһǿϯƬռ䣬ʦһĻǰʦ£ʦıȴʹд
Ƭ֮Ϣַʹлǰҩʦ𣡡


1549 ս̨
ʱַѾܹȷʱ泾ԼʽٵʱӦõȷһۣĸоûдǣʶǿʣԷΪλ˵Ĺע⼸Ϸȫ֪Ȼһֱڰпš
ңʦһöҩ±ǼֵǣԷԥĸʦַɻ
ûܵ챤Ŀƣʶַһ
ַƬ̣漴΢΢ͷǵģûбơ
Ȼûܿס㣬ѵáЦ˵һôˡ
ַ㣬Ѿ˯˺üգŴɹ챤սӦõ˺ڣǻȥɡЦ˵ʹַɻĨȥ׶Էк⣬ȾԼΪԼȥ
ǰð챤ȥͶֱַʵ
Ц£Ҫ뿪ҲҪǣ̫ҪҲս̨ȥһԣ
ս̨һԣַɫ΢Ŀʡ
ʱˣߡһЦ漴ַУٶޱȡ
Ŵɹ챤Ĺ㳡ս̨սȷѾӽβ챤һʵǿʰѾжһ֮ˣʰ⣬챤λ֮Ҳͬ˴ܽǰʮϯλˣһ䣬СľƿȨӦ챤һˡ
챤֮⣬սõһӦҩɹһҩɹǰչʾǳҩ֮⻹ǿʵҩɹսľ磬ȻҪռƣȫ۷ǿߣʮϯλܻҩɹĴϯλ
սĻЩ룬׷ɹҲ챤ҪսΡ
챤򣬳֮⣬һӰϢߵ˿̨Աߣ·͸㣬Ȼַ㡣
ʷ·Ǹܵʲô㣬ͷһ漴ַӰɵ£漴¶һ˿ϲɫַ㣬ȥˣ
ˣҪɱңƺ˶֣Ҹѣ˼ղŻַӦ˵ʵ˵ͷûлַĻʱȷλʵϢһַķ䡣
û±áʿڵַܹȻĻΪ;ϲģûȥַ̫࣬㣬һߣ¾Ͳˡ
ʱַ㽫ĿͶս̨򣬱аʮһ˵ս̨ȴֻʣʮλ˼ҵײսûˣʣʮˣѾǲˡ
ã˿ַ㿴ҩɹ˳ַ֣ڰ˻İ׿꣬ҩɹǿߣսǿʢ챤һλǳ֮˻ˡ
Ϊʵ飬ַĿ⿴ҩɹ֮ʱΨĮ֮⣬ǿ̨İߣʵӰ֮УǴˣʦĴָȴʺ˳ȥ
ַĿĮ˼ңԶľ룬ǰʾȻܵˣĿַ⳯Ͷַ֮һ˿֮ɫⲻǰԳΪεçײ֮˹ԼƵôȻ챤ˣңǱƵˣ
Щ⣬ȻһλǿԸ㾡ԼУϧأæһ챤ƿصˡ
ַ㿴ŰʣԷʵԼǿʢַ̫࣬˫ͫб֮⣬裬ձҪΪʦֻء
ĿƿַٴνͶս̨֮ϣϴǰȥ˻һǿߣڵжǷǳǿˣںս췲Ϊأսܿ£ɱȭңɳǳ죬ǳҲһ֮սʱҪ࣬곽͹ʵȻҲѹǳ֮ƣֻǲ֪֮ĽΡ
ַֿʰ֣졢ݣһֱ֮ԷҪôҪôˣܿ£ʰľս±ֳĻҪǿһЩ
챤λɽ泾ʿһӰЦŵ֣ļ첻
ߣⳡսؼʱ̣ûдƺ鲻泾аϼһﲻ֪ô£ƬƺҪһЩ
֣㿴ЩΣ˴׼һЩǰɽǷп֮ˣҿһ֡泾Ц˵
ˣŸɽɡʵ˵Ŀս̨ϵս
һսˣһս֮󣬰ȫʤս泾Ҳս̨һսʰս׷ɹһλǿڣ׷ɹǿ֮ǰΨһܼʰȫʤսʤ˻׷ɹˣҲζһսӦʰʤˡ
ʰ׷ɹǿײ֮׵֮ͶԺ䣬Ǽ켫ǿĹսս׷֮֮Уɷ۶ɵս̨ÿݡ
ްȺɫ΢սʰ粻ʹó߰ٱĴ֮ʹó˼ް壬ɻʵֱҪԼǧƣԶˡ
գʰսʤ׷ɹǿߣɾȫʤս
泾վ¶Цݣ̵ʰ粢û̫ʱ䣬ʰѾȡڵĳɾͣܿɹھŴɹ챤У档
泾ߣ챤֮Ҳ׷վֳƿ죬Ц棬ʰܹ泾⣬챤о޴ôġ
ˣڿսˣ泾Ц˵ʱǲþ֮˿ʼսΣʰ磬һϯλڶϯλҩɹ֮ˣַҲڰ˻ļԵñȽǫѷꣻϯλǸղսܸʰˣϯλǹϯλ곽ϯλҲ챤֮ˣǳ塢Լ췲ȫ̤ǰʮ˵ϯλ
ǰʮϯλ֮ˣλԸɽʱ泾ʵЦĻȺʱɫһ漴˶¶ϲɫ泾ǰѵʰ⣬ͬҲΪɽһЩӵܡ
Ըɽֱӿ˵泾ʹѵһĻᣬܹ
ȵȣ
Ҫɽ֮ʱһ֮ս̨֮ϡ
ȺĿ΢΢һת漴ַֻ㳯ս̨̤ܻÿһ̤ս̨һ
ַ㣡ɫһһȻֿʼˣѵָû¶ʵַ㣬Ȼ̤ս̨
ַ㣬һһһ涯ŭˣַ̫Ŀ·
ַתʣЦˣ곽˶վս̨֮ϣкβɣ


1550 Ű
ַǹЦݣʵɫôоַЩԾ
곽ĿҲַ㣬кâ˸ַ㣬̤ս̨ѵɡ
곽ʱЩʶַ֮ˣǳ塢췲ȵȣԽĿͶַ㣬ǰ˻ĵʱǾͼʶַİԵģȻַѾ챤ƣ˿ȴ̤ս̨ѵͲ챤Ҫ
ַɨˣдŵЦ⣬ʶ˵ôˣδ̫
ַ챤вϿʵ֮Ѱ뿪ȻȻʶô˵ˣַ㲻úһʵ̫ԲԼЩбǹʾȻԼôַ㻹кҪĵģʿǺ泾һ̤ǿߡ
Ȼַ㲻֪ʵǺˣȻλ泾ʵͣ
ַ㣬ʱɫ׺ַΪѾܵĽޡ
˺αضŭ챤ǿƣս̨֮ȴһȺں֮ڣʵ챤ϢŭַĿʣЦ˵ЦҲûľګԼƣȡ֮šȻվӦҫۡ
ɫѿɵɽĿⶼ΢챤Ĺǻ֪ģַΪ֮ˣ±챤ţ챤κ߳ȥĻȻַ㣬ƺѾȥƿأѵĿǿ
ַֻ㻺̤Ŀ⿴챤泾֮ء
ǰս̨֮ϣɷһЩʱ䣬Ҳ֤һ˵Ļַ˵ֱ
Ⱥֱַҵ泾ʣɵð˺泾ʵݣһλҪս̨֤һԼʵʵںѾܾ
ԡ泾ϴŵЦݣȺǰ㣬һλ֮˵Ҫ޷ܾҲûоܾıҪ
챤˼泾ʶͷˣʱɫΪѿʣ嶼΢΢д
Ǳַ㶪ңַ汻ɽأѰˡ
лǰַ泾΢΢ʾ𾴣ϵЦݺܺ㡢ܲá
漴Ŀ⿴ս̨ͨǰʮǿߣǰʮϯλ֮ˣеռ˼ˣȴûгһ˶ûеŴɹ챤ٶһ˵ģֻ챤ҩɹԼ׷ɹҪ༸λֻһΨһˡ
ַĿȺƶţ漴˴ɹλ
ַЦŨȴͫĮǿҷζ
ƣӱʮ겻ǲǰοԼĻĻʱͱˣַ㣬лᱨʱ򣬾ԲֻŵģʵУԼ裬ȴΪʵֳХɱַ
ɹѵͬȷﶼվ档ַ㵭Įڣʱɹ˶ɫһһӴ͸ɨַ㣬ȻַȴЩĿȫӣŲ
ַ㳯Լ̤ɫѿЩַģ˭ͬһŰ֮󣬶ڶԷǰ̫ǿ㱻ַŰΣҵڶαȵһθݡԣХȥԸַ㡣
ѡ񣬵һѡԼŻشɹĿ̨ڶѡҺȥַǰͣ½ŲĻʹȺһڵϹŻȥҪôҺȥѡһ
ΪᱩŭԻƽʥնɱַ֮ʱȺȴİ˫ȭգƽʥɢ΢ЩŤܷŭȻһһɴηַ㣿
Ҷַ֣Ϸ˵ƽʥ貶Ŀʹ˺һƽʥװ㣬ҫޱߣپַ㣬ҲܹŻزɹǺεȳ裬ܹܣˣΨս
ɹ̨֮ϣХɫ·Ҫ͸ַ㣬ɫѿȻʵ֮ǰǿ˲٣»޷ַʵϣľ֮ϣһַ㣬ľƽЩַٴγ֣ŰһأӴ֮Ļᶯҡ
˼֮ʱַĽŲȻ̤˳ȥһ̤ͬһǿҵ㣬֮Լ֮붯µĲƶ֮·ֻ֮䣬Ӱǰ
ַһȣ̧ͷַ㣬漴һ˫ħ۴͸ͫףһ٣ʹ֮ᣬݣϻƽʥҡ
ǣʥܻһھ޽޽֮͸ױȵĳأذ塢ħĳУЯ߰ٱĴ֮ʹɫ޽·ҪĽն䱬ǹɿµĳ֮Ϣƽʥ׵ѹȥ·û˷
ħâᴩ֮֮ᣬʵһ˲˾Եѹƣ˿ٺɫ޽Я֮ѹ£˲亹ɫ԰ףɻƽʥХһ޴ƽʥ۶ɣ˺ڰ޽
һ죬µս̨ڲ屻ɿֲӲѹȥϥأ³һѪ
ñȺͷ΢ͻȻս̨֮ϣ챤߳£ӦǱ챤ƵС֮ˡ
Ŵɹ챤һСƿȨ㾡ȫҪƿ֣еǾ޴ģС߳ˣƬ츳һˣǵ츳ԽŴɹ챤еͬǰһĻһΪɹһȴԷԾԵѹ壬ò˵ЩС߳˻кܶ˼
Ⱥ֪֮ˣСıԵ򣬶С磬֪ܶĶǳࡣ
㻹ôַһźݺݵϣʱŴɹķλַ㽫Х裬ϣȻһӵлХʵһԥշѹХģ
ХĽŲȻ̤סĽɫâַ㡣
ַ㿴Хƽڣȱ裬֮ʵѹңҪҺν˵Ҳɹ֮κһˣ˭䣡
ȺԶʱˣѹַԭСбйĦУֳХȥַ㣬Żд˿̵һĻ
νԴ֣֮Ψʵ˵ХǿߣַǰȻ߸ϣַվս̨֮ϣɹˣҲɹ˭ܣ


1551 Ե
ХַĻĬַ㣬ɱӿȻ泾ڣҷ˫âкл³һַ㡣
ַŰ䣬ǰСУһΣǵɹ˵棬ž֮ˡɽǿߵ汻裬ӴˣɽԵַɽϣĲϵĴˣ֮ģǴӴҲ޷ôƽ͡
ԼХ⣬뿴ǰһĻ챤ˣ˿̵Ѿɱ⣬ȻַѾƿأѵʧٵһʲô
Ȼ˼ǣַȥƣȻһѵڶɽ
챤̨֮ϣ泾ʿַ׻ɵЦЦ֣㿴Σ
㣡ЦҪַʵһʦΪǿߵʦΪϧ¹ҩɹˣٲܲȥ
֮׷ʵʦͽĹϵԶûкõһˣ輴һ޶ܣȴΪԼĵˣɼַʦеĵλϼһ￴˵۹⵹һĶѹԼһˣҪϼһԼڵС꿪֮ʱ
泾ΪĿһۣһо³ֳַ츳ǲҲûǿʲĿĵزˣ泾ʲ֪ǣʶַ࿴ȻΪַʵô򵥣Ϊϼһ
Ȼֻϼһ˿ַ㣬һΪ𶯣һУԿܶණ
֮֮࣬һ˲Ҫ񾹿һλ챤С֮𡣡泾Ц
һС߳ˣ֪ģм߳ƵɣͬЦ泾Ŀ΢漴ҲЦָļУƺһЩϵ
վֻǼġ泾Ҳ˵תĿ⣬ٶͶս̨
Ц£ȻҲ֪˵С߳˿츳ǿ󣬵Ҫڴдһأɲǰ׵ģǣҳΪôһ˵ļ֤أ
ʱַĿɨǿĿǳ֮ʱĵҲ°ܽҲվ챤̤ս̨ˣȷʺϡ
ǳɫһַ˻ƿԣȷַܸ㣬ӿ˿˿ս⣬ǳѾս׼Ȼַûкս˼Ŀ˲ƿˣ챤ķλ
챤̤ǰʮϯλ˹ˣ곽õϯλ֮⣬һõ˵ʮϯλ챤ۻսǰܸ׷ɹʧȥһַڵСƿȨַڵС磬ƬܻСˣСᣬû˵ļңһӵһЩ
챤ǿô࣬սȴȻϯλƿȨˣˣò˵۹治ôַĿ⿴챤ʣЦݺ㣬ȴʹɫӲѿַ˻˵Ѿ׿ڸַ㣬Ѿȥ챤ƿء
泾ǰ챤ӵս̨Ŀ𳤣ҿɷʱң챤򣬶泾˵ַȥɽ濴ַɽлԻ֮ʱ챤Ļ
泾ɫ΢˿ԵȴЦ£泾֣һԼ۹Σ
á泾΢΢ͷʣøţ
ɫ΢泾һԳܹǾŴɹ챤Ĺ٣ͬҪԷӣο泾ֻⲻøĸ֣˶ַֹ㣬챤Ψпַˡ
ַǹһĨЦȻԴԼսַ̨ܲúϧᡣ
ˣΪ챤棬ȴĿ𳤣һֻ֤˿۹ʵںܲַ˵漴ٶȿ곽ˣһϣһ
곽ͷâϢŶŲһ̤ս˵Ψսʤշѹַ㣬ϴˢ衣
һַͻȻ֣֮Լֲ֮һսΪԼַ㡣
Ѫֹ곽ŭȴ侲ַ㣬ַľսжǿĿǰԻգ
Ĺ֮һͼ񷣬漴곽ϣȻ֮䣬곽嶼ɫͼ֣·ʱʧӰûա
䣡곽ǰһ̤ɫչĻַ㣬·ҪַҲȥܹ֮õϯλ곽ʵȻҲǷǳǿģ֮ǰֻкǿļײ֮ʱŻڸս֮ʱ㽫ԼѾͷŶɼһսӣ곽ԣһսֻʤܰܣ
ħţַû˿κħ֮ħŶ֮ʱͰԵǽɫ赲⣬Ȼ곽Ųǰ̤ħ֮·ַħ곽Ĺǿ󣬵ľ곽󾳽磬غ֮䣬༫ֻΪַ۾źٻֳ
һַ֮㱳ֿħӰյĿħʹħ֮Եǿʢ֮ǿ֮޷ַ벽
ɫľ޸ַϿո֣ԯ޸ԯãԵ˫ַʵǿԼ֮ôϴԯ޸ͬ󸫰㣬ַͷϿգħ֮Ե
ħ⡢ħ֮ŭԯ޸޲ǿԵ˿ַϣΨкصİԵ֮⣬˭ɱ˭
ؾܹԼϢ̶ֳȣȺͷĹֶΡ꣬Էǳǿߺһ˫
ַͫҲͬһԵĮ䣬ֲħ־·Ҫ˫ͫ׵
곽˫չĻвʱĻгֵƣƲʱ޾ɫַ֮նɱÿһ֮ﵽ۷֮
ˣַŲǰ̤ٴƽ٣ַ֮͵ĳǰ֮з·ִΣЩ֮
곽Ҳַֹ֮һٱƹЮսУٶȲ֮ϣ顣
߰٣ַ̤һƸǿ߰شƣЯ޾Ե˽Ŀռ䣬·𳹵׵ıʱܱѡ
곽üͷ߰ٴƣЯ޾⣬ܿ¡
ˣ֮·ҪýɫչĻѵһΣǰ˰ٴƣ


1552 ŭ
أ˰֮ƣǿĿⶼ΢΢£֮ԽҪԽѣǧ֮ʱ䣬·նƿأΪΪΪضѣѾ˰˰֮ƣΪﵽأǧ֮ѳɣֻ̤ʾ硣
һ޷ɻʣǿڷϣǿǧ֮ϣֻҪǧƣ̤ܽʾļʣǲǧƵĻɻʵĻᶼûУ޷̤ϻλ
ǧƣ츳ǿ֮˶ԣζŰֻѾ˻λַ˴⼸ռư˰ٴ֮Ҫллλǿߣξ֮У
ղԵصڿգַӭնĽɫ֮ǰ̤ĿħӰ֮⣬ֳһڰħӰַ󣬷·ب㡣
ħǽ֮ѹȵ޷ǰУͣڿգ곽Ľɫ˱ܣħƬƬħʴ
ַ֣֮䣬֮Ͼħâ۳һµĺɫ󸫣󸫽ħİԵԼصĳسУ벻ࡣ
곽о˿µѹѹ·ܽѹԵԵİԵʱַȴķ񣬻ȫԵ֮
𣡡ħַվ޸ɱ£е޸һ뵽һУҪٵء
޸նգɫĹĻӲıޱȣ곽Ѿ뵽˽ɫУ˫н㣬֮죬ֵַ԰Եһɫַ㶼·𱻳еȫ۵һ֮ϡ
䣡նصľ޸˾޽֮ϣһⲨ汬ɢ·ҪݻһУ곽˺ѿַĳҲ˺ӣЩԱߣ»ᱻನɱ
곽΢΢˲һ¡죬ȴɼͣ޽˿
ȻڴʱַĽŲ΢΢̧ǰһ˰ٵĴ֮ͬһش㣬ն޸֮ϡ
ͣ곽Ѫϥ΢΢ɲߣϥҲһȥ롭
ַŲ̤ƻӳʱһħ֮һֻ޴ӡֱӿס곽ʺʹ곽ɫҰףȫڵֵɢĲݾ޸ַ㣬ȴ֣ܶս
챤̨֮ϣվĶߵַ㡣
Ȼַȴֻǿ곽¶һĨ̵ɫʶ
Ѿ챤ˣڼ곽ͫĶַ㣬ڵ
䣡ħſµĻ棬ħ֮ݺݵĳ곽һֻסĹ촫곽ֱֻħȼգı곽ҽһʹ֮޷ά֮;޸һ곽ȴһɿµ壬ʹоԶ
ʶַٶȿڣһѾ˵곽ˣ㣬챤֪곽ʱַƿصУôʶ
ɫ԰ףַ㲻ȥƿأھͿʼڱ챤ˣ챤Щƿ֮ɽǿǰ¶ʵԭǵЩ˻ӳǵƿأǿ֮󣬳Ϊ챤ĵˣַ㣬Ѿˣ
ǣڶַ㵽ô⿪ӡģôƵˣ
곽˿̻Ǻɫ԰ףû뵽ַôݣȻôݣǻ챤ڣԼֱۡ
ַݲݣ챤ĳ޶֮𣬼ȻţַбҪ
ھȥζȻʧʻ챤פĸۡУԶٶȺܿͿԽ˴
ÿ㣡ַ㿴뿪ıӰĮ˵漴һƺݺݵ곽ϣʹ곽Ҫ嶼˫ԹĿⶢַ㣬·˫۾ַɱ
һһν곽ס漴ַô곽壬תĿٴζ
һθַĿ⣬ȺĶ·һƺ˭˭Ҫùһ˻Ǵ˿̵곽屻ַǣŰòΡ
泾ʱ곽ַ裬챤̨֮ϣɽվ泾ʡ
£ַȻתȥ䣬ͻȻһʹüͷһâţ˺ȹ
Ҳַһȶͷ΢ɿǿߣңɽޣַҲŭȣ
챤˶ԣΪΣεݣַУǳˣѵɿͿ´лɱ᲻ɱ
㲻ǰĻַ˫ڵħͫɣ䵭Ե˵
ɳĬĶַ㣬ô˫ڵͫף͸ſµķâȻ˫ħͫɣް֮⣬ô
ڣɵ建ȥӲĽҪ˵Ļ̻أ곽ַˣأֻҪ챤ָܹϾַΪûﵽʹǿҲǿȥԣֻҪ곽űãұ֤ǲ£ַ㲻նɱ곽
ַһĨЦɨһߵɡ
˵ǵ۹ⲻУ곽ʵҲųۣϣûд˿̵飡̵ַ˵һֿ˿̨ԱվŵļˣԳɡǣѡֵܣ˿̿ȴ͸â
ڵģһܿ죡ӱ䣬а˵ַ㣬еϣɽѵΪƾǿ츳泾ʿɽò˵ַ̫ˣ
ǣŴɹűжɽΪɽޣܶࡢܶ࣡
ϵɲ츳֣ܹȫ˵ģ
ɿַȫĶסѹԼ츳ϣѹɽϣһʧȥ̣ĺܲң


1553 ó
ʵٶȺܿ죬ֻƬ̵ʱˣҽʴˡ
˵彵ս̨Եĳ֮ϣʿַ㽫곽ţ⣬Ȼû뵽ַվս̨֮ϣҽ곽Űңʴʱ֪ΪΡ
ʱ·˹һ˿ǳǳЦݣůůġ
ʶ챤̨֮Ǳߣǰտģַ˵˽Ϊַеǰ泾ʣȻ泾ڣ챤˵ȷҷԸʵġ
ûжʣ˸Ƭ̺󵽴챤Ŀ̨ԣĿǰ֮£ڣûȫ׵׷ʲô
ֱַ͵˦ʱ곽챤ķλȥ
һۣ漴Ӱ˸£곽ס΢˿һӵо޴ǱҺַеĻҲýϾַǴѵҽ⿪ƵģȻһпܶ곽ȡɱַ㣬ᷢڵ顣
ַ뿪챤פ֮󣬵׷ʲô飿
ս̨֮ϣַת֮˶ĬţǵҪַ㵽Ϊ
һΣַĿҩɹڵķλʹҩɹļλǿüͷ΢壬תâѵַҩɹҲҪ
ȻǷַ֣ĿⲢδǣ˳ǵ壬ҩɹս̨ķȥգս̨ϵҩɹİߣλǿߡ
ߵȻҲע⵽ַ㣬ƮĮַ㣬ֻʱַ֣ó
ţ˿һĻ£ó
ַҩɹǿҪҩɹһЩǿҲַ֪Ҫʲô
һ죬һλԳεǿ߱˵ַ㣬ߵҩɹפأ˰ߣΪַˣ¹ȣȻεĴָγײ⳥ιַ˿ҪģȻǵνߵġ
ĿĮȻĿַ㣬һ֮ˣҪò˵ַĵӲһĴ󣬵Ȼַĵ֮ǰѾ֤ˣŰ곽ҽʣƺȷû顣
ǣΪλǿߣѵֵֽĶΪַߵһ仰ַ㣿
ѾǶĹˣ˻ολʵ棬ţ
ҷȰջ˵Ļ߿ˣƽȴǿҵĴ͸ս̨֮ϣΨڻصȰַ㣬ջػ
ַϵĹħһֱδߵĻŲҩɹڵǰʮϯλǿ̤˹ȥÿһ̤ʹô΢΢֮з·𷭹һɿµĹ˳͵ĳǼȥ
ҩɹһ˲żüã˽ǰʮϯλ챤ҪһˣȻս֮ϣԼ΢ưܸ챤ȡһľƿȨȻҲһƿ֮һ
ֲһ䣬˻ľ֮أͲֻһôˡ
ңҩɹǰϯλǿ˶Ƿǳһˣ˵ڶϯλֻһսˣǰʰС
ҶNǶȡڶϯλ֮ˣַһ̤˰ٱĴ֮Ю֮ԵһҶNϵĳ۱죬ûǰ̤һʰһӵ߰ٱĴ֮
ңҩɹˣó˲һ
ʱȺֻҶN˫ͫǣɫ۾˲ֱӡ
ҶNʵܿ£ʰѾ˴Ȼʵ£ԵޱߣҪսʤóԻҶNºѣսܣַ³ܲңȺаԼ츳Ϊעȫɽϣַսһɽַܾ˼Ԥ֪ĺܲҡ
ҶNտ޾Īϧǫѷ꣬˵ڶϯλַ㿴һսǿᡣ
ɫͫ·ʹַʹַֻо۾޷ʹַһͫױøӵڱħ֮Уǿħ־Լ֮ӿ֮кͶԷİɫĿײ
ǿħ־ħ֮ͫУҵԻ֮ͫ벻ˡҶNа漴ͷ΢ʱһ֣µĹҶN嶼·ӵԼͫװ㡣
һ׳Ű֮سַȥȽҪ񣬿쵽˼ĵز
ַħ⣬ɱ¾ħȭЮŰԵޱȵĴ֮ʱЩĩըѣȴһɳַȥĹ졣
磡ҶN³һʱӰΣҪַϡ
𣡡ַһʱħǿħһУӽַϣʱһɿµĸʴʴַ壬·ӣѿַ嶼׸ʴȻַӿֵħҲǼİԵħ֮ͻں϶ɵĺɫ棬ҪӷΪޡ
ħ棬ַƺѾչְֶ𣡡Ⱥаռ䡢ħ䡢࣬ôİǿܹȫʹøϵ壬ǽεȿ£ܴڣ츳ǿ֮µʱٵİǻѡΪóһְΪͬʱַɾͶϵʣ̫ˡ
Ҫ̤ϻλһַѣ˵֣
ʹսҪսַţҶNóܹԻꡢӡʴ磬ҲóǿʢħۡħܹԷǻһˣױԻ͸ʴɱսӣҪԾǿѹ


1554 ܾ
ռ֮Լ֮ŶЮַͬʱַɫ죬ؼ䡣
ˣַһ̤䣬ʧԭأٶȿ쵽˼飬ֻǶݵɲǣƬնַ㰿ĲӰ
죬̫ˣռͷ֮崿ٶںϣԼĲַٶһޡ
͡һâɱ£һ׷󴿴Ŀ죬˿졢죬ɲǼķ
ҶN͵һʱһ׳ޱȵ˳ȥ¡һ죬ڽ»ΪĩҶNվһɹ壬˷֮û뵽ַٶҪϲ٣ķ֮壬оأַٶĵӡ
ƶٶȿֲַĽҲ쵽ޱߣâ֮ɱѽ١
һնɱ׷Եٶȣնɲǻߡɱɱ֮ǼޱȵĽıѣٶȣҶNսúܼѣԼʴ֮޷ַϲݻַ㡣
ȫԼâܿ죬·б֯ɽ֮ơ
ҶNûͣԭأһ쫷翪ʼˣܱڽ֮С
͡һ֮·ҪնأɱҶN͵ĺˣѾƵ˳֮أҲڡ
ַٶ˲ϢϣûκεԥһնҶNһûٱˣֲȫŭԻ֮ͫĶַ۾
ҶNһֲ֮·˫֮ͫУַҪλλȴȻһֻͣо˫۾Ҫݽȥ޵׵Ի֮С
ɱҶN޾ɱ֮ìַɱȥַֻٶɱвŻһɱҵԻöԷݣͬ˲ϢĨɱ֣޿ɱܡ
ַ㱻ԻУ֮䣬ħ־ĺ֮֮ͫȪַ˾֮
¡ըѣɱ֮ìѾȻȴַŲһ̤˵ٶ˲Ϣʧ˹Χ֮⣬ȥԻƿصַ㣬ٶ̫£ҶNվûһ˲ɱַ㣬ǿֲħԼ֮۷ʹݺݵս£ͫжѪ
ҶNԻ֮ͫһַǳǿԵ֮Ϊ൱ߣһԻоУǱذܵľ棬ս̨֮ϣΨڶսʰʱôһܣսȫʤղžоԵ־·𿴵һȪġ
СģһҶNĶĤ֮УҶNԼȻҲܵɱѾնɱ£·˶ûˣնϣ˳ȥƿĿӣ·ҪһȻסˣҶNҲ˳֮ϣλҩɹǿߵĺ档
ַվ֮УĿҲ罣âһǰ漴ĽŲǰ̤ÿһЮ˰ٱĴ֮ײҩɹϣͬʱַ˫֮ϣ콣âӿ֣˺գХȴ˸оϢ
䣡λҩɹǿ߶Ȼͷſ֮ƣ׼һսվмĿ꣬ʵҲǿȻȴĺ棬˶ǰ㲻ᱻ챤ȥһϯλˡ
˻ʱҩɹ򣬰ͻȻ俪˵ʹȺͷ΢
ˣҩɹǿߣվս̨ϵĵ˻ȥߵȻܹоַ۵Ľâж棬ڹЮ˰ٴ֮Ļһҩɹλǿߣ»ᱻն
ߣмĿһ漴˵һˣѸ͡
ַĽն£ûնɱԷ˿ҩɹλǿѾԶַĽȴݺݵ£ԷĹǿµս̨һ΢ķ϶
ϾǾŴɹ챤ʵΧַʣճ׵ͷųɱŴɹ챤ˣַҲ֪ǷʲôӰ죬Ͼڻʵʲôݡ
ˣַĿĵߣȥնɱȻҪնɱ֣Ҳôףл֪ģ˶ս̨սҲûΣյĻԥʹãд϶ûлģΪŴɹ챤ȱֻǲڻɻǱսֻǸ
Ǳߵҩɹˣַվ֮ϣĿҩɹеЦҩɹǿߵУ·ǿҵķ̡
ַ㣬ʰҪ
ʱƽĿҲһĨ֮⣬ַ㣬֪Ȼҩɹӡ
ȺԿֵ̬ĿǰһУַȷʵģֱӵ˾Ŵɹ챤ĺü
е뷨ַ㲢֪˿վյƮ֮ΨǰߣĮ˵գһ̤ҩɹΪ֮ڣ
ַƮȺĶĤ֮УʹȺĲÿ꣬һ̤ҩɹڣ
Ҳ˵ַҩɹкζԹɼԼţ˶ݡ
գַ̤ҩɹһλǿڣ
ܻһ˵ƽ˵в޺ɽԼŴɹű֮ϵһǣ̫ࡣ
ַĿ͸ûж˵ʲôĿ⻺ת챤λɽ泾ʡ
ǰַ֮ǣΣַƽͣȥǹưȴ˼ѵš
ʮǿе곽ҶNҩɹӣ԰ַУַ츳ʵӹɡ
ַ泾ʣַ֮ǣΣ·ʣַ㣬ɽҪ𣡡
Ȼֻǵѣַⲻڴˣȥ·д㣬ʶж˵ҪַȥģַȻܾ泾ʴԣΪԳǣ
ɽӵоԻȨ泾ʣܹԳǵˣ
ˣԿ泾ʣ·ڵȴĴ𰸣
泾ַ㣬ƽЦݣڿڵ츳ǳδ̫񣡡
꣡泾ʻ£챤λ˫ȭ΢գĮ֮Цͬһɽַܾ㣡
ҩɹҲЦˣַ㣬
ȻǺνδֻ̫дʶѣ˭ûй٣Щ츳֮ˣ˭ֲûս̨ϷһУַ츳ɽַ㣬һữ챤ĶԹǣΪֳַǿƣ̫ˣ
ʱ˶¶֮ɫܾˣɽַܾ㣡
һַ㣬Լ̤˾·Ⱥаʶɫ԰ûɽıӻַ㼸
ַվ֮ϣǱӰУԵЩɪһţǿ𣬱Ҫô
ǺǣʱһǳЦ챤һӰվ𣬵³ɽ۾ϹôҪҪ


1555 ȥ
ɽ۾Ϲô
Ⱥԣʱͷ΢΢˲˭˵ĿȻ˵Ȼ
ȻǵĿת˵֮˵ʱȴ΢΢£Ϊ˾վɽ泾ߡ
ʣȺû뵽ʻ˵Ȼɽ۾ϹôҪҪ
ʵǺˣȺɻ󲻽⣬泾ʺεݣΪλǿߣɽ֮ˣ˵һ˸ַܾ㣬ַɽ֮УѾ˵֮⣬ȻʵĿڣɸ˳Ծ˸ɻˡ
ӹɵǣʣȻɽˣĻ˵ɽ۾Ϲֻ
ʻ֮ʱ챤Ĳˣҩɹİߣпһ£ϵЦɲǼʧַվеӰǴ˿ЩʶַûѹʲôעҲûжĹʲôɽ˭û¸Լġ
ַţѵԴʣ
ʣû˵˳ƺţӦòɽܣųΧǿߣܺ泾ʲУȻݷǱѰ˿̵ȴûô泾ӣʲôˣ
챤ҩɹţһɲʵ˼ȻҪӻַˣҪַ⣬ˣ
泾ʵĻҲһĨɫȻ˲ָƽʣЦ濴˴ӣ
Ѿ֤Լ츳泾ȴɽУܴ׼뿪ʵЦ˵ɫƽ·һжԤ֮а㡣
泾ͫоâתôᵽһ˿ͬѰζ
㲻ˣ֮ޣȻ˴һУȴ·ʣһǰ˵أһ·˵Ƭ֮ϵЦݷ·˰㣬ңʧ˺üա
һߵַ㣬ôоʣΪַģ
Ŵɹ챤֮أ˽ܲ٣ղ˵һϣ˿ȴΪֿ˴ӡ泾ʵЦţȴ̽Եʵ
˵ղʵһ仰Щÿվܾʱʾվ˵ɽ۾Ϲôⲻѿô
츳꣬Ȼϲƽ˵һһƽ棬·ǼͨĶԻȴһϸţ·ҪƽĻ֮⡣
˭оóЩԾأ
ѵΪ츳˶ǿô泾ٶȿڡ
ȻʵĻɼ֮࣬⡣
Ȼˣʴ뿪֮һǰɽУټ֮ʱǿʱԿһ۷ֱ档泾ƽҲ֮⣬ַ뿪ս̨֮ϵļ˳Ϊɽޣǰɽټһ£
Ⱥ泾ʵĻжɷУݵλȴͻһ仰˵ƿԣ泾еȻǷǳˬģҲ޷ֹʴַ뿪ԣ˵û۹⣬ѡַ㣬ôǱ㿴δ
ÿҲ֪֣Ȼ泾ҪĻǲ⣬ټ֮ʱʱʵһۿɼġЦЦĮǸĪ֮⣬޷͸
Ⱥ˵ĶԻ˿̷ûַʲôˣŴɹ챤ˣҲֻܿţλʵĶԻ
ǰַҾŴɹ챤Ĺ򣬴ս̨֮ϵңս̨򡣡ʱ챤λվĿ⿴ʣĮ˵һѾܹȷ泾ʺʼ䲢ûôѺˣΪһַôö֮ˣЩʡ
ĿתɵϣƽĮ³һ㱤˵
һʹɫһĻδ˵꣬ȴֻӲʽȥʶô˵ˣѾûʸҶԻûȤֻаδ̫񣬾Ȼһ׼Ҫַߡ
ַ㣬˵ɷδ֮£ʶַһ
ַ㵱Ȼδ֮£Գǣ챤бƣǣܿڣʴ뿪Ѿǵ˲ˣ泾ʡ챤ҩɹǶк챤ˣǻִŴɹ챤ܻѾǵ档
֣ɻҪԼƣ
ַ㿴˿챤ˡҩɹˣâ˸˵һգһټġ
ַ˸̤챤ķ򣬵ߣǰʶһ뿪
ΪŮ˾ʵǿԼһ֮ʵĽּԤϣңôҲܽ²ܡ
飬ôܵˡЦ˵ʱַߵ֮Ҳ¶ǳǳЦ⣬ַһۣڿ԰챤һ˵ˣû뵽ַʣȻн֮·Ϊɣ
߰ɣһ̤˲Ϣַߣ˴Ŵɹ챤֮أΪַַɨһȥбҲԲˡ
Ӱڿգȥַһ·漴ƮԶʦѺãȻ뿪ƬΧټˡ
ˣȺ̧ͷգղս̨Ϸ꣬ôصǿߴˣɽ泾һԼټ˭ĵӸǿ
ʱ泾䣬Ŀս̨֮ϣ˵֮սǰʮϯλ֮ˣԸɽԿɣ
˻һʱһâʮˣȻʮ泾ʣҲˣ


1556 ҹ
泾ʵԼҪڶݵʱڿǲܵˣȻһСƿȨѾ챤ҩɹ׷ɹС֮ãƶС򣬲챤ӵоԵȨ˻ʼң赲
ҩɹӴ˽פ˻ľ֮أ֮ã̫ˣͬ챤һڰ˻Ķ֮ؽһֲңھʮһ۹ƿŰ˻ľġ
׷ɹΪڵλãӦػͨˡ
Ȼ챤ҩɹ»֪ǣ챤޷һƿȨ֮ʱѾͨŵ˽ޣС˴Ӱ˻ľ֮߳ңС֮¹ڣЩѾ˻ľ֮ˣǵ룬̤һƬµʼµ̡
໳֮ε˶ԣһµʱոµĿʼ
ҲСƿȨսһ죬һλǿߣŭɹŭ챤곽¿ԣգ̤ҩɹ
ļᶨпԿʵԻһ֮̤ҩɹĳЩڣһҪãû֪
ھŴɹ챤֮£ʱѾַ޹ˣ˿̵̤ڹƲ֮У۶Уʵٶ̫ˣַо˶Զľ롣
ʱַĽ£һƬ̵Ĵ󺣣޾֪жôĹƬãã޾ĺУมʷЩٶȣʹַԼܹ¿յĸЩɭ¡Ҳม׳֮ܳΪǺ֮ǡ
Ѿɽ֮һƬ򣬲ɽ֮򣬵Ȼ֮˶ԣֻһշĴǿߣ֮ΰ裬ɽƬ򣬶ֻǴ½ĳһѡʶַ㿪˵ַ΢΢ͷҲţһγԶţңֱ뿪ɽΧ˵챤ˣ챤ڵǲ֪жԶˡ
ǵˣʱ𿪿˵һַԼĿ⳯ǰͶȥֻԶһ֪ô嫵ĳǣƬ֮ͷŨµϢԲ֮˼Ӱ
ܿ죬һ̤˵Ͽգ޾ȴƺԵЩֻһЩӰһвޡ
һǶҪ󣬵·ûʲô˰㡣漴ʴַһɽ֮أվ֮ϡ
ǰʲôطַվ޷סͷĺ棬һ
ҹʻӦ˵ַ㣬óİƺܶ࣬ҿ
áַ΢΢ͷİܶսбֳûбҪʣԣǶˣһκƣʵûԷɡ
ħַ֮ƿգһɰԵַ֮һְ壬ħ֮塢أ
漴֮֮УܱϢ壬ͬǰء
֮ǿռ塢֮壬塢ذ塢塣
Щ弸ַ㶼ʹùͷţǰءصǿδĲ˲
һԵѾ죬¶˼ɫЩַİδҲ̫Щɡ
ң⻹ûн׵֮£׵٣Ѿǵڰְˡ
һɲ֮ɢʹ׵綼㲻֮࣬С
ھŰ壡ʾЩаţɴ³Ѿھְˣǣʮô
صĻ֮ͷŵɲǣѾʮĳ֣ʺϵı鶼ܾʡ
ʮ壡¶һЦݣʮߣνʮˣܹʮְԿֲҲζܹϵķַ֮֮С
Уַ˵ƿʮʮһְ壬֮Ϣͷ˳ʹʵ΢΢¡
ˣҪټ¶æ˵ַսʱַ֪ƺģҪַ㵽ƿ˶ٰҲЩַ㣬ȴû뵽ַô𺳵ľϲеˡ
ѾǴʮ
ַܿ㣬Ҳû뵽һַͷԼİ
𣿡ʲһȻо˽ŵѾܾûָоˣһǰѯжְˣ·һЩ
ַĵ˵ͷʵͷ£ȻУѾʮˣû
ϵıҲɳԾתΪЦݣʶԣʵ𺳷ҪһЩΪĸûôַֻ֪츳ǿǿˣΪַеˡ
ַ㣬һʱգ׼Ǳһʱ䣬һʵðƽ⣬شѾ˰˰ٴƣųܹﵽǧ֮ƵģǿƵĴ½ʵƫҪȽӽʣԵϻλ
ʶַ㿪ڵ˿̸оЩ˷ܣʱ泾ʵһϷԣҪˣ˭֪ڼ֤һأ
áַ˵ͷ˴ԼҲʵЩˣܻԪʱ磬ǿ̫ˣֻǿ˱ɽһǣԺЩһ·ַ㵱Ȼһǿ󣬻ᷢҲһǿȻֻһִǿˣֻһǿߵ磬ϡ
֮ˣ㲻̤˻ľģܽӴһƬ磬ҲֻѩСطôõжǿ
Ȼַ㲢Ϊ˶֣̿ΨѪ;ڴΪǿߵһ죬վھ½ƶˣ磬Ǻֹ⾰
ڵ̸绹̫ˣȽ챤Լҩɹɣ
óʲôֶ˵漴ͷԼ֮΢΢ͷһҹһʦ̵㣡
ллǰ΢΢Ƿмĵ
ˣʱһĨ޵ĺƮϯȥɫһƿסʣ΢ˣȻȴǺֱӽַԶƮȥ쵽ͬһɫĹ㡣
£ʱȵ˻һâƬշ·ضѹ֡
͡۱˺һǣӰȻԶͣ¶һòݣЦôʲô


1557 ̬ܶ
ˣɫһ˫£·ҪǳֵŮӶ
ŮӿԵַһۣ΢΢ַӣַ³һ磬ЦСһﳤĺÿԺ͸Žɣ̫ûȤˣζ
ַ㷭˷ۣҹʲôط߳һλ޵ĺŮӾȻô£ûа㷴ңŮӾȻڵϷַŮ˵Ϸˣ
ȻŮȷʵ޵ǺɫϵļҲ͸˿˿ư޳֮ʱ͸˿˿⡣
ңŮ˵ü֮һĨɫӡǣ·Ϊ˼⡣
ǰĪҪɷҡַЦ˵ǰץˣŮӵΪӹɵģ俴ᣬǿߵܵòȣͬŮּǿߣ¼궼ܲɣֻܻһ£һǧ꣬ͨȣ൱ڶʮѡ
ǿˣµıǨǵʵϱǿ󣬵ȴϡ
Һ𣬽ҽͿˣŮЦĿַ㣬ǽӵˡ
ַЩ¶ȵɫֻʿڵٲſ㲻
ƢС㲻ˣ۾ŮӵӰ˲ϢʧַûзӦɵð̾Էǿᣬҹǿơ
к£Ժ󿴵ǽĺãȻгԿϲ˳ƺǰַ㿪˵ƺԴҲЩΣַһɻǵ˵ͷŮˣһ㵹ΣֻǸоЩ졣
ߣȴȥطƻӶЮַ˹УƬ֮һɽϿ֮ء
Ǽһ˯ˡ˵ַ˳Ŀ⳯·ȥֻһֵɽ֮أнšΣȷе˵ӦһͷԳôبǣͬİ㡣
һȣʱֲϯƬأ֮ɽϵľʯʯ˳ɽȥ
꣡һ촫ַĿ΢漴ͷ¿ȥȻһ̣ȴӲݺݵĲ¡
ǳＸԳȻһʯмϹȥ¶˺ɫëبǵʯɽڹʯмַǰģһͷޱӴľԳ
ʲôʯͷһóʯԳַͷţһ˫޴ͫ׶Ȼſ˫ͫ˰С˫ַֻоѹҪͷš
¡¡Ĺ촫ԳѵķĽŻɽ֮أԴȴֱӳַ˵ǰ޴۾ַʣ漴ʡ
Ϣ֮дصϢ·ܹһԳ͵ĳǰĴٶȲ죬ȴ췭ظ֮УضҪѹ
ַ̧ͷһյľƣɵһԣӹʴ˲Ϣ˸뿪漴¡¡Ĺ֮ѴղַڵɽıѵˣһƸǺ顣
ƻַʱѾǾƵϿգŸոջڿյɽʱƽأ·һ˲䰫ȥԣţԳͺˣԳԳɵͬࡣ
Ϣ
˿һŭԳ˫޴ͫ׵µŭ⣬漴һ˲ϢյУͺԶͻȻ䵽㣬ݵĿռ룬ٶȿ쵽ֻʣһ⣬Ȼַ㿴Ӱʱٶȱ
׵ſգɫëͫףĶ¿յԳͬһͷޡ
е޶¿յԳ˵һ
𣡡ңԶŭХַֻоǶҪɢһŭХûκֻǴŭ𣬵ȴɷ·Ҫ꣬ͬʱط¡¡죬ֻһֻԳֳ֮ץȥ·Ҫ춼
ʲôûдַֻһĨ⣬׳ƶʱȻ޷ԷΣֻ⣬֪ʲôٶȣԳŭһջأе޶ʱֳǣĵ
Գ죬ޱȷŭԶԷԵٶȣٿֲҲ֮ء
ܣ㻹ܸʲôԳ³һһ㣬С
Ҫˣʱʿˣ޴ļһǵôҲûαأиСһóְӵеĴغͷ綼棬Ժǵһһְȴﵽ۷塣
ߣ㵱Һһһصޣ̣겻۷壬Ҫ漸ꡣе䵭˵˿ӡ
ַ㣬ͷʮְǿʶַ˵ַ΢΢ͷ֮䣬ѡʮְŶһ̣ɫİַϣĿѤַ嶼財
ʮеľһȻǺʮһһޡ
һҪȥļһҾǸɲɣɵĻҴߣʵ˵һеľɫ˸ʵǸ࣡
ôӹףҪҹ֮£໹ްǣʲõ˵һɲɡ
ˡԣеķ˲仯һ㣬һַѾоֲķ˺ݺݵĴԼϣٶȣϢĿٶȣоЩѣ
쵰Ǿ޴Գһ漴¡¡촫ӴޱȵȻѣÿһ̤ôزÿһ˺Ȼ
ҲһĻòᣬŷ֣ҹ޵磡


1558 
ҹ쫷ɽ֮У˺ŭ쫷ڹ˻
ɽ֮УȴһӰ쫷˸ֻУÿһƷ֮·ܹ뵽С
ˣַһУȻһӰ쫷֮·޾쫷Զᴵϡ
ַ쫷Ծڣ·ֹʱ˳Ӧơʱϣ·Զ֪ƣҲͣ
ƿ˷ܵķšɽд漴ַ𣬱·Ҳһ쫷磬ڿµ쫷ɽݺ᰿裬һһɶ
Ѿҹϴ˼µʱ⣬ַ㵱ȻҲ֪ʲôط֮ϿյĸȻ޵磬ܱߵǧȺ࣬ҹƬסһЩµޡ
ʱַ˫âʱǱŰ÷ǳңʯԳǰѣһƳ£úõĸʲôдصĺأǷǰʱһºν٣ץзΣܷľԼֿµķ֮ٶȡ
֮⣬óޣҲ̶̵ͬļ¶ַͬ˼㣬ȻİҲڲϵıǿֺʵУַ˶ʵпޣϢʱ˯Ҳξ˿ӰЧʡ
ܣˣʱ쫷ɽϿ֮أһ۵Ů棬޳Ĵȱ¶ڿУôɽ±ϣջдǳЦַȴЦ£Ů˰
½㣡ַҲϰˣ¡
ܣȥõطЦ£漴廯һ۲ӰַЮϣַʱԺߣֱŮ˱ڻˣǸŮоĴУһԱߵգַЩЦá
´ַ̤ҹ˵󺣵Ͽգ¿շĺԼһûйã´ַһϿգ̤棬״ĵƬշ·ǰ֮ɫп籩Ҫٰ㣬Ŀ¡
ǣһ׵еһϹű£ַֻ¿յһɽ˲ҷ𣬻ޣļϢ
ÿµ׵ַͷȴ¹ǰȥǰɫĹűС㻹
һ׵绮ʣַ۾˲¡ľŸǹű¿գһŰ׵Ӱ˫â۾£ûеɣ
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ǰַ㿴˫оЩ𣬵˾䣬Ȼȴһ׹ⶸȻ併壬סҲһ׵˹צֱӽסַ֮ܲҵıץ˹ű¿յɽ֮С
ȸһӹűϿմַ̧ͷǰɫĹűԼ޾â˷ۣȸһ
ǣͬɫ׵ӹű£漴ű¿տʼвҽ졭ңһֱ˺ܾãַȡýһúøһ
ֱһºַʱַ˶˺ܶ࣬ϵļаɫˡ
ԽԽˣЦ˵ַ㿴ź¿Цãһĸܵʲô׵磬ν׺䶥塢ѻ꣬˱úõϴһ顣
Ȼô㣬ȥõطȻôԹĻǱˡ½Ц˵
ַ۾漴ĿڵôԹ½㣬лأ
Ȼһʹ࣬ѡһƵľǷǳģͽĸԸʹţÿһ춼ܹܵ
⻹࣡¶˵֮ɫַܷܷ֣ȥ
ַǰǣźµ֣漴ٶȹڿգʧ׵֮ϡ
ȥҹϾ𣬻뻨䣬һɽھ֮ϣַξ֮С
ξ棬Ҳڡ
飬Ƚر𣬲ҪΣҪʲôξҰΡַŮ˵ԭһֱʹģַξΪŮΣιžѾһʱգֻҪԷĸԸȥֿܹ׽ԷԼξ֮УδԷΣַʵȶԷǿܶĻֱܹӽԷǿԼξ档
ַ㣬ļݱԼ֮ξɡĶַ˵
áмļڣΪĴ漴ַΪԼΣˣַιžַ㣬ε
ʱַڵʯ棬ӰǣһۣȻǺ£Цŵһﻹô˯
ʶãΪ׼ɹ͸԰ɡЦʶ˵
½ԱҸַʶеɫʵݸ£Цŵ
ˣϺӵĶûʲôãеСôЦЦʵҹѾˣ
һһ£ʶӦһתۼѾһ꣬һȻһֱ޾סҹϣȴоɣʦණҲû챤һһУʲôԣʦ𻹴ȥ߶Ρ
һ𣬺ÿ죬ʱ÷ܵܳȥ߶һˡЦ˵ҹǵһζһôأô̵


1559 µ
ҹΪĵǧ֮ϣ֮Ͼסǿߡ
ʱһУһħԳڵһȭÿһȭһͷͷħԳйڣԽѪñѵΧһƬشɽµأȫɨһգΪƽأȭԽԽͣÿһȭдصĺ̺ħİԵϣر֮ơ
СħԳʱһ촫ħԳ̧ͷ漴㿴еĺӰɵɫ΢΢һŮˡ
½㣡޴ĴħԳպһһֲг֮УӴȴһСӰŽ㡣
СħԳҴ˸Сһ֣ҪŪˡЦ˵漴ƮȥħԳĿת漴㿴һӰ
Ūˡַ߽ȥĻ΢΢£ŮԼͦᣬһԼȥʱǿɴַ֪ѾϰŮ˱Ű׼
ħԳַ¶һĨϷʵɫЦܲãǰǱŮħͷŰڿŰһŰˣô˷ܵ飬ħԳЩĵǣַ⽿С࣬᲻̫ˣ
ԴħԳƳǰһգղطַշѹȥ
ˣַӰ磬˲ʧӰôħԳ£ַ㻯һӰ㳯ԼЦø
ȥһž޴ƻûַסǧĴַ֮ϣҪСһô㡣
Ļַ֣ƶУڴлһӰ쵽˼ĵزת˲˴ħԳǰȻħȭɱش󶯣¡һ죬һȭڴħԳϣôħԳ˼£ͷһԼؿڲλЩʹأ
ñַ̬㿴һĻɫһĹνǿᣬڴħԳϾȻûзӦ뵽޴һʲôַҲȻħԳóغħ֮ǳǿǿ̶ȸ󣬿¼ʷ򹥻ϣҲһܹǿ壬һͷޣ֪ǽСôͷħԳô
ǾĲɣ뵽µһսԸħԳַֿʼаˣ̫ˣⲻŰ
һûйãַųҲ㹻ǿָ˲֮Ȼվһ̤˸Уַһδηɳ
ֱַ޷ܣ뿪˸صҹϣһʱյǱޣڽһʱʱȥ߶ʰ֣ȻַÿζŰúܲңȴִ˲ƣÿο³ֶ˫۷Ź⣬ʹú¶Цַǲǰˣַ⻰£ꡣ
ҹַǳʵģ·ÿһ춼ôĿ죬תۼʴҹѾһ߸֮ãַȴоֻ˶̶̼°㣬ÿһ춼ʱܾѪսָоܺã֪ȹȥǿ˶٣ħԳİȻܹסˡ
ɽûͬɽ֮Уһ֮Уȡ۳ǡ
۳Уɽ֮أǱֵĸɽߴɣɽʥأƬоԵĻȨ
ʱɽϣмӰվڱԵ֮أ¿յȥ֮ˣ˭ϲվڸߴ֮С
һˣʱһӰ૵һƮԶַڴˣԻϵô˭Ȼ곽ϵϢˣվǣȴһֳɽ֮С
һַĴܴ󣬽Ϊ챤ŵŰһ٣һ뿪泾ʶԼʣ곽йһʱյɻɽǰ˵һ仰߹ȥɽȥԺȥСҰɣ
һ仰곽ܴ̤˹ǣ̤ɽ˽ĳɾͣ
ַ㣡һգʱտХֲ֮ƻ۳ɿˣ·ûַӰ漴͵һʱ֮ӰѿǵҪնַ㣬նԼħǧ֮ƣɱַ֮󣬾ͱչؿޣͼٻλ
ҲôɱʱԱߴһ곽Ŀתײһ
Ȼ곽Į˵
ַҵģͷſ»ƽʥ貶Ŀַĺޱ곽ֻǿҪɱַ㡣
ǾͿûˣ곽Į˵泾ΪʵԼʱǰʮλԿɽΪɽޣңǵˣõɽ泾ָǰǿߣ̵ʺǵǿд衣
˵һ˵Ľ൱µģ곽ǵĶͣΪ޵ǣѾһֻ˻λ֮£˭棡
ȻңַһʱҲ˷ѣ˵ַ츳ص֪ʲôزпַҲѾ̤޵֮ˣ´ټ޵ײ
䣡Ȼ䣬һɿֲᴩأ곽͵Ĳ£عͷɽȥǿһᴩա
˳ɻʣһ̣ɽ˶һ̤֮ס
շʰ磬ٻλˣ곽ж֮âʰ磬վǱǸһ̤ʾ


1560 ޼Ϣ
ҹһƬ֮أ˵ط·ںҹ֮У㲻䣬Զֻкҹ
ʱһӰ˸վƬҹ֮УȻһԲ
£ҹ֮Уһ֮޷֪ӺζΨкҹ
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ʲôϢҹٶ
˵޼۵ĵ۹ټӰٶȿڵ
кηӦҹеʵûо֮⣬޼ǰ۹ʧվյһ졣
칬ѾǲӸųȻ󣬶ųλɽΧǲ֮˶Ĭûжǲ֮µ֮ǰѰϢ
ŰɣȷϢٸ֪ңҹ֮е漴ڳš
ȥ죬ҹˣ˵˵ͷ漴ĳźҹȥ
ҹɽͬʱƬΧ֮ڣɽԼҹɵۼ֮⣬ۼԼʼۼֱΪղӰ˵ģ칬Լ
ڻʼĴۼ඼ҶеҲеû䣬в¶ݱ䣬ܹࡣ
Ŵɹ챤򴫳޼۵ĵ۹Ϣ֮󣬱˰㣬ʼŴɹ챤޼ۣһԺһ޼ŷɥ޼ۻ֮ʱΪԻ͵һսĨɱʮλǿߣʮλ൱ǿ⣬ȫ
޼֮˸̾һλӴʧͬʱҲһѰ񳱣ΪϢ޼һ۹޼۽ԼѪڵ۹֮Уõ۹ߣõ޼۴УϢܲһ𶯡
Ŵɹű֮޼۵Ϣ֮ɽһʱҪϢסûв©֮ǽܱߵļͷɻ֪ˣǱ˸ղŵǶκҹԻ
ʱַΣȷʵΣΪл飬Ȼҹе޶Լܺãɣݷͬһ㣬ĸΣΪһֱʹģǿԽξһ
ַ㣡ʱʳ֮ϣ˯ַЦźһһﵹ̰˯˵һʱ䣬ַҲģŮħͷ˵Լַ㽻Ӧһַ̱֪һҪĥʲƤˡ
ַ۾㿴ʵӰɵЦǰ
ַ㣬˴Ǹһ飬Ҫһ˾Ŵɹ챤ˡЦ˵ַɫ΢£漴ͷʲô𣿡
ھŴɹ챤򣬴޼۵ϢǰһˣܲҵʵȻ˴㲻ǰȥǴҹҹУû˸Ҷ㣡
˵գʽҹ˦ַֽסҹ֣ҹҹ
ãַͷӦһʱôãóȥ߶һˣû뵽һγȥǰĵطǾŴɹ챤ɣ⣬޼֮ϢַҲ΢΢ˣԼеһöͭƬȻħܹ֮ûһ۹ɸѵǾ޼۹
ȽɽΧɣ·Ҫʱ䣡˵һ漴˸ַХȥ˲֮УٵǰС
ɽϢĵطЩǿһЩʼ׷׸Ŵɹ챤֮ˣ޼۵ĵ۹Ŀܣζǲܴġ
ʱַҲɽ͵Ѿ뿪ַֻһգУһ·ų
ɽкܶ޴ǣȻȴоŴɹ챤γɣУҲֻǲļΪǵİͬŴɹ챤һռһǣҾųڵ٣⵱ȻŴɹ챤λйء
ַԼձУлϸϸĸǾ£еҲǶڣܱΪҰɽ֮ء
쵽ɹڵˣַĿ⳯ǰȥͱԼ֮ǰԼһͼƬ򶼱ע˳ַŻ֪˿̼ɹǣһɹڵǣƬҲַĿ꣬գǿõ޼ͭƬȵȥ
ѾɽˣַĿ⳯ǰȥһɽɽ嶸ͣȴ죬Ǵɹ֮Ĳɽ
ʱɽϣвӰ֮ϡ
ַǰֻɽӰڶţһɫۣվ㣬£Ϊ۷壬ƽվȴһָ߸֮С
֮ͬһλ֮ˣʱ֮ɫ۵ȴѷɫ˲٣һۣ·ֻһͨͨ㣬ɫȴ˿С
ҹٶδҲ̫ЩɡϽ꿪˵һ
żõʱȻᵽǵȲĻǱǰɡЦ£ԵƵᡣ
ֻǰһҹ߳˻ΣϽһЦĿɨһյС
ѾˣȴҶˣֱһأ˵һȴԷҡͷַ࣬ǵԸ㲻ǲǿˣ᲻һˣˣǰɣ
˵գϽ곤۶嶸Ȼ䳯ǰƮȥǰһγ߶ҹʲôȻôûûˡ
Ҳ̤նȥÿһ·̺֮ٶȿ쵽˼顣
칬ˣַ㿴һĻаʱѾû뵽ԷڲɽϵȻǶû뵽ҹ߳ˣһλްɣ


1561 پɵ
Ŵɹ챤Ļһ㳡֮ϣ˿̻ӰԸǿ߽Զڿ̨֮ϣ·ʲô㡣
Ȼ޼۵ϢﴫŴɹ챤ҪȫõϢڣ⣬һ˵˺Щ޼ͭƬеõˣҲҪóʱ̨֮һλǿ߿˵ʱƬ㳡
ͬ⣬Ŵɹ챤Ҫ˵ɲܶϢһʣʱ֮˶ϢǴﴫŴɹ챤ƿϢȻҪǺʹҷ޼۵Ϣһ¡
챤Ǿ仰õϢҲλһĲ֪ûνͭƬĮĿڣЩٿ˴ξۻᣬȫٹΪıǸѹ˵ǽõϢ
ʱ챤ķλмհ˻ĵϤӰʡʣǶ
챤Ѿɥʧ˶СƿȨڷųϢʹ߳С֮󣬱㽫ҵ˻ʺǽɾʵģϾǿߣ챤վЩôģǺ챤ĹϵСֻ鷳
챤Ҳһʰƽ˵һڵõϢ֮󣬵һʱɽ˻˻ʰ˵ԵЩ˴ʰɽѡĴˣԴɽһ
ߣǱɣǰҿڲɽͣȴҹ֮ˣӦҪˣһλǿ䵭˵ǲҺɽа壬Ǳߵ칬ǵǲȱʱ䣬ϢҲܲ
칬˲ûǵ̫ãɫɫ͵ܿգڴɹڵǾѾ֪ѾǿۣҴҸ
칬µӣ˶еλʵһʷǷһۣӦûˡ
칬Ͻ국ڣ仹δʾһǿơ
_漴Ҳڡ
λ챤һλǿվǳ˵_Ǵ칬ԼǻǸ㹻صġ
_˿ʵλûмҹˣ
˼ûмӰǶ˱ˣλۼڴ֣ǷЩüĿˡĿ⿴˵ҶѰ޼۵ϢܹǢúܣһҵ޼µĵ۹Ǳ㲻ôгľˡ
ߣŴɹ챤ԲϳǵõκϢҲ޿κΡһ߳_Ŀ˸Ŵɹ챤Ϣóء
ҹ˵ɣ˵˽Զû飬漴˴ξŴɹ챤Ϣǰɽ츳񶼹ˣ챤λ곽Ŀ֮˲֪٣ɹĿֱ_ˣʵҲ۷֮Ӧ޵սˣ֪ʵжǿ
ҩɹҶNҲڣй췲ˣǶˣȻ챤Ե࣬ʰ֮⣬߻ˣַڴ˵ĻһϳˣȻʰѩǻص챤С
ԶнХ֮Ŀ⳯ǱͶȥ޽֮ӰһɲǣֱӾַ㣡
ֵַ곽ȻſĿķâͬһ֮˿ռ䣬ھ޽ϵַϣϣµϢȻβס֮У·Ҫ׵ıַ㣬Ȼһ
ϻƽʥХ˫ͫ׶˽ɫַȥ
һ̣Ŵɹ챤ˣȫַϣַ뿪֮ʱǵ̫ǿȻҹ
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ҩɹİվһɺεɱ֮⣬֮ˣ֮Ϊûᣬַҩɹӣջ̤ҩɹޱȣһ
޽ַ֮ϣĿһɨȺĸܵ⽵ϣڵâ
λþòַɫĮƽ˵
ҩɹƻӶʱһ񷣬˲ϢַסĮ˵㾹̤
ϼһ÷ЩַĿƽӰߣĮ³һ
ûдһ𣿡̽Եʵʻмɵ֮ģַ˵ȻôоԷġ
ΪҪһ𣡡ַ˵ַ˻ѵǻ˲ɣûҹȥ룬Ͼҹ֮أַ㣬ࡣ
ұȷɣ䵭˵һ˶ھ䣬Ҫַô˵ҩɹǿ֣߳Ҳȥ̽
Կַһҹȡðܹ
ҹĿһַôҹ
ǰʣҲ£ǿַ࣬Ϊҹ
ҹˣĿ⿴ַ㣬ʵ
ҹַ㣡
ĮȺĶĤ𣬽ǵĲַ㣬Ĵҹ
ʣҹ֮ˣ
ѹ泾ʶΪԭԷͬǵۼǿߣҹʣַ㣬ʴȥҹ
վַ㣬ҹǶҹɽҶޣӵĿ񱩣ɽĪҹ
ͷÿĶַĮڣɫӲԼǽջأףַˡ
ͷҪû㣬´ζң㣬ҹҩɹĪҪû㡣
ַв˵漴ɨ챤λʺ֮зһĮɱ⣬һﾹҲˡ
ַ߱һͷƺŭͣȴ޿κΣʱַ㵱Ļգ̤ҩɹ
ֻһϷԣֱʴַ㣬оЩ仰ԺУȻԽԽ


1562 ̥
ҹΪɽַ츳ȷĿܣɳΪǿ̤ҩɹֿܾԲûС
𣿡ַ˵Ҳ֪Ƕҩɹ˵Ƕ챤˵
ҩɹʿַ˻ʣΪʦ𣬵ǰַһѣֻʲô棿
챤˶У·ʣǣΪҪңҳΪܶ𣬵ȻʺͶʶԣвͬĺ壬ΪǺַĶԹ̫ˣСһֿٵģЩǵѪȴַˣַ֪츳ǿȴִҪɱַ㡣
⣬ԼХǵĶУһζ
˾챤Ҳзݣ
ַЦţֻصĳҪֻͨͨҹⲻԼȵһ죬Լǿʵծ֮ʱ
һҪҩɹİаַΪҹˣܷŹҪַȻɱֳַ֪ҹҹҹ֪ҩɹУĻҩɹ
û뵽ҹ˴ǰ˾ޣЦ˵ޣ;Ŵɹ챤ƺǧ˿Ƶϵ
ַ㣡ʱһַ֮Ŀת㿴ϻƽʥӿ̤޵֮еսޱȣͬݷһͷް㣬ٿַ㡣
£ַĿ⿴ȱŰһѵŰɣַĿѾХˡ
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ַĮƽ˵ɹֹɱ㣬ң
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ֶע棬治
ΪңԸо裬˫ֽգһʰģ·Ϊַһ仰
ԶֻǱҼ̤ѾҶ֣㲻Ӧڽ۹ϣΪ䣡ַһħ㣬ĶĤ֮У˼ά棬ԺлصݣӰ־
ԶֻбҼ̤㲻Ҷ֣ӳַĻ·Ҫӡȥøˡ
Хһ˵Ҫ˳Ӱ־
Դ͵ը죬ֻоײԺеһ˲·˺ܾһԺŽƽϢĿעַ㣬ʱȻףַ־֮ʱ룬ص־һǿԵħħ䣬ַһһħ֮֮С
ַЦ£̵Ц
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۾ԼľƽϢԼַܱĻӰ죬ɲкθɣַΪؾѣȻսܿ£ֻҪԼһʣһܻ
ַ㣬ɣʱ챤һλǿ߿˵
ַ΢΢ͷ漴һ̤ûȥôҰƳˡ
ַ㣬þòʰѩ趼ַ¶һЦݣٴ˷ǣǻص챤ַ㣬ҹ
þòַҲЦ£ʼҵĹϵ໥öѣʼҹ챤ַҲûбҪ٣͵İ·ˡ
챤ַĹϵΪ΢Ͼʰ泾ϵĴˣַʴߣԼʰַϡ
ʰַԣַ΢΢ͷûа֮ɫԵúƽַȻҲģŶԷ񣬵ͷʾ¡
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֪֪֪ҪǸʲôϢɽĴѵ챤ɻǲ֪ɻǿƣЩҪֶóϢܡ
Ŵɹ챤λӱ֮أȴǱɽط෴ǷǿƬٽСĵҪõĵطǾŴɹ챤ܹ꣬ǵĵ軳ɡ
λΪΣĿ⿴챤ַˣˣǴɽĴ
Ȼǲ֪ΣʰƵЦ
аʰɽ֮ˣ챤ӣȻվǵ
ȺĿϣֻĿ˸ַ㿪ڣַ㣬֪ûкõ뷨
λɢھŴɹ챤֮ס£кõϢȻһַĿ˸Ⱥ˵
ȺַĻ΢һּӣŴɹ챤һһ֣ϾƬףŴɹ챤Ȼ׵õмֵ
ַͬĿλѡһɹ챤оס֪ɹ챤ͬ񣿡Ц˵ַ˵ķ޼۹ϢǴƬ򴫳ģǱֲھŴɹ챤Ƭפء
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챤ӭλ٣䵭ɹ챤ܲˬȴҲܾˣַһﵹǹݣô⡣
λ챤ϢգΣʰַ˵
_ͷסĶһַȴǵĵһǱȽϲס챤챤ʵҵİȫûģ
ˣ챤֮аǺ޲ַַס챤ǲַҪñɱˣ


1563 
챤ɺҩɹһǳʹַģǵȻҲɱַ㣬ַһ仰һ뷨ΪӰַҪ챤ɱַ
ҹΧǧЩ֮ϣȺȺҹֻҪҹһ£ټһֲ֧޾ţ˵챤ǾŴɹ챤סҹҲɽΪɽĵ̿ǼģҲԸȺޡ
ԣһַ̤챤ַۡ㣬һΪֳַҹ岻һ
ҩɹ뷨㲻һˣַҪס챤פصʱ򣬰ʵȻ£ܹ챤ĵŪַ㣬ǿɸӵˣȻҲ֪Ѷж챤лģңǻܱ¶Լ򼴱ɱַ㣬һҪ챤һù
ɷ·뵽ҩɹע⣬ӳҩɹɨһۣȺһﻹصĺá
λҪŴɹ챤һȥ⡣ַվЦ˵漴Ӱ˸챤ȺǰĿһһɨЩϤӰڶʺʵͣƬ̣˾Ҳˡ
룡վַ΢΢һЦ˭֪Цݵı̺ɱ⡣
λ˱ַЦ˵һ漴Ų̤챤פطȥַ֮⣬вѡǰ챤פأҲ
һ챤פأȴǽȻͬݣһαװű챤˵ƿأһΣȷʵö̤֮˽ҪΣҪκαװ챤Ҫúõı
챤פ֮󣬹Ȼ챤Ȼý𳽾ػַ㣬ַһԺ֮أַ㣬סɣʲô飬ʱңһֱغš
鷳𳽾ˣַЦ˵֪ܼ٣ίߣ·ǳѺð㣬𳽾޲챤ĵطȴҪͿкϢҪΣһ˷ǳ֮¡
ַ㵹Ҳûʲô鷳˷֮󣬱㿪ʼξ֮һʱ֮ǽʱ˸֮ϣͬʱЩʶս˵˾磬ɲŽ֮
ˮ֮£ôõĻȥַ㵱ȻҪȫסȡԵﵽް֮أٵȵأԳſʼˣطˡ
ط嵱Уȫͬ˷Ѿַܹйܿ£ǣ˷򲢲ζųɻʣֻеͬǧ֮ƣҲˣˮɣڣϯλ
˵ǧ֮ʱҪΪûǧƣͲ壬ǧ֮ƣп֮ܽ߳ɻʸʣеķǶڣȻطڣɾϯλ
ھǸǲҪ˵ģֻҪ˳ɻʵǧ֮ԼһԶǻλȻھ֮ǰģ̫ˣޣǾѾˣֳܹɻﵽ
Ȼַ㣬ƺЩڳֺķչˣһصЩ޵һޱȹ˼ɣ޵սսⱾͱȽȤ
ҹĽ٣ҹ챤פƺ֣Ϊ߱Ƚ϶࣬챤˷ǳͷۣЩð
ʱ챤ĳλͻȻһâ֮УɫĻҫۣЩ⻪лۣģȻһϵɹͬλ֮ϵ˸ۡһĴ֣޼
ڿյĺɹʹ챤оסȺȻһĶƬ⻪޼۹ûһ޼۹ϢȻ٣Ƭ޼۹Ϣ
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һֲϢ챤פصİ֮ؿʼţзݱЩ˿޼۹һɲǣ𣬸ʲôطֱӳ޼۹ȥ
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𳽾ĿվݶϣƬ۹ӰԼƿյΣüͷ΢΢壬ôôɣ˶챤פأͻȻͳ˵۹Ӱİŵһ
ˣ𳽾а˿ѾʼײսನĴѵ챤פֲ֣֮ĻĻ沨ɨһС
Ȼ䣬𳽾һֻоëɫ
ã𳽾Ȼת漴ݺݵ¿һ̤һɿֲĽɫĻӶҪڽɫ֮С
Ȼͬʱһɿµķ֮·Ƭնסɷ̫֮ˣ·һֻεĴֽƬնס
ǣɫĹĻѵ飬һӰںҹһһգ˲Ϣٵ˽𳽾ߡ
ΪԶĶҲڴս̫ǿңҽ౾ػܱߵ˶ˣʹô˿ߵս˽𳽾⾹֪
һֻµմӡûأŽ𳽾ֱӡ˹ȥ䲻һɱ𳽾𳽾ɳȥ㹻ˡ
ɱַ㣡𳽾һɱûصմӡÿѪѣҲ˳ȥһԶԶĴ˳ȥ
ɱַ㣡ɺɶ˽𳽾ĺʱǶһߴս֮أ𳽾ĺͷһ£Ҫ챤ַ챤


1564 ˵ע
ɺɵĽŲĳ̤ͬƿշ֮ٶͬĿ졣
ٿҲҪһ˲ʱ䣬һ˲һλշѹɱһ֮ˡ
ʱ¿յĽ׵ıշ˻ҽӰ֮ɨһ·ռ䣬ﲢûַӰȴһЦӵȥô
ˣһջûһֻ֣汻˺ַ屻ನУݺݵĲ£Ҳûϵ˭ôݣ챤оȻ˹ɱ
ַ֮嶸Ȼʧԭأʹǿɫһʥַ㾹ȻʥʹԼƶ˼֮ء
ԸǾ룬ûʱ䣬Ѿ̤ˡ
廯һµĹĻʱƬռ䶼ڲǹĻ͸޾ɺ˺ȥͬʱַ֮ϣĽŲͬʱַ̤
ңŭһһڹĻ֮У·һվĻ˰㡣
ԷӰѾַ̤ǰַƺ֮һֻܵһĻʹɺɫò԰ǷǳϣַԲǴ˿ַ̣һ
ɱǺӰгһֲַ֮ɱ˹ȥ˫Ѿ¶ʤߵЦݣַˡ
֮һзµĹѾַϣ·ַ㶴ǿеĵЦȴӲˣɱһûлС
ôܻûл
̧ͷȥʱַѾԼɵǧַ֮֮ٶȣһͬƿǧ֮Ƶģڹͣٵһ̾Ѿķ
Ȼɱַǿпǵַܻƿǧ֮ƣȴû뵽ַӵܶһٶȡ
Ϊ㲻ɱ俪ڣʹõĹû漰ֻôշȻΪ±¶ݣֻƾշĻûܹ˵һ֮ˣ챤мǿóշ֮ġ
˳ŷ챤ǿߣȻȴֻԷ¶һĨЦݣЦɵ˸о·ЩԾ㡣
շ֮۳һԲ֮ؾУȵķ·ҪݻգֻǴշ򣬶ԷȻûʹð㹦ͨ뷨棬Ϊ֮㹻ǿʢ˸ܵǿв
ַ㣡Ŀ˵һʱǿ߻ַߣַ岻ϺˣҪɱλʣԶĺá
ˣһµɱȻ併ַϣһ̵ַֻоë·ǹɿµɱ֮ס˰㡣
Сģ˶ַһַֻһλصǿһַ㣬صǿ챤ˣȻͻȻɱҪɱַ㡣
𳽾һգʱ֮ϣ漴֮嶼סҲ޷ҡס
촫˵屻˺÷飬ˣȴ˸оͷ΢Щ䣬챤ҲˣҷΪΪʲôҪ֡
ַĮĿ⣬ǶоЩ⡣
ʱ챤פأȻһչĻյУ۳޼۹ӰӰͬʱ֣·յнҪһ
Ⱥ챤פĴǿµĴս챤פ֮ҲȺӿ̫ˣסЩٶȸ˼ǿߣƬطһҡ
챤ǻԾûκϢ˿챤פȴ޼ͭƬǿߣ
챤ˣһ֪н֮˷漴ҡ
ԣɣɽӸӢܣѣ
˷ϣǿ߿ʼ챤ǿߣʹ챤һɫԽѿôоһ챤ı
ɱϣټ޼۹Ӱܱ֮ߵĴսʹ챤פԽԽˣ׵ʧȥƿأ챤ѱˡ
ʺҲڣվյпŻһƬ龰ɵЩԡ
ַĿ⾯ĿΧѾһıɲҲ챤ַʱΣգҪɱǶԸ챤򵥵İ취
סַ㣡һʱɺ侲Ҫ챤ܣǣסǵǿߣɱַȴȶԸ׶ˣַȫ챤ͷϡ
ɵĻ֮һ˳ַ㿿ȥâӿ֣˶ַ㷢˹
ַȻתֲǧƶȻ併ٶԷϣֻ֮䣬˵·֮УоԼ嶼ʧȥ˿ơ
ַ֮Ƿ磬һֲĴӡڶԷϣʱѿȫ建ȥ
м𳽾ַ˵һ˳ַΧ˹һӰѾַ塣
ǣһħ͵ĺΪİԵԴըѣ÷飬˲
㡭𳽾΢΢һĿĶַ㡣
ַĮɨһۣĵ챤ˣҲΣ˭ңն
ղſ챤˶֣ôܸȫԼİȫϣΧžͺˡ
֪ô˾͸̤˹˵
ַĮɨһۣ漴Ųһ̤ʣȻ֮䣬һɿֲâ֣һ쵽˼ĵزɲ֮ҪնһС
ͻһ˲䣬ֲķ֮Ȼǰִټ۵ķ·𶼱һ俪һȥץ̺ǿҵķӲĽǽâġ
ȻַӰ˲䵽ˣ쵽˼ĵزһŲһˣͬʱƽַϣַ㾹·ܹƶУĴ֮֮ٿ쵽˼飬콣âŭն
˫ͬʱ·ҪѣµĽâһѪۡ
ϴҩɹˣҪһΣ˵ע㣡ַ㵭Į˵һʹʵѿ˼£ַƸ߸ϵĿ˵ע㣡


1565 ۹ͼ
Ѿȿµʵˣʸооǧַ֮Ѿƿأζʵ֮ѹȣַЧ
ַٶȣ쵽ͬһַĹܹƿķ
ĿⶢǸַ㣬䣬ȴͷ΢΢һƵѪַۣ㣬Ѿˣ
Ȼַղŵʵһλʻо룬ϾȫǽǺܿµģַղųʵԵսַļսжǿʲ֪
ЩΧŵҲ֪ȴַ㣬һλǿߣֻƫһλʣȻվһλƿط˻λǿڣν֮½ϣַ㣬ȴҸʡ
ѹô޵ͬʶˣȷѾ߱ΪеʸˡȺţַʵƿƬΪսĸۡ
սڳַ˿̷֣ѾֻͭƬˣУһ޼۹Ӱңʱ޼۹Ӱڿн㵽һƬںΪһһ۹ңڵ۹֮£Ȼһɫĵͼ
ͼĳ֣ʹúܶս˶ͣǰ۹ӰںϵʱѾûȥͭƬˣ㣬֪ܻʲôˣǱǰһĻ
޼۹ͼľȻͼڵ۹棬ôпܾǵ۹ڵأ˵Ŀⶼŵ۹ͼͶ˹ȥǺ챤ս˴ʱΪһĻͣˡ
Ǹ⣡ַ㰵һǸ⣬ҲͭƬӵҲû뵽ύ۹ͼǵӵһǿǰ۹ӰŻὫöͭƬҲóʹ֮ġ
ңڽĵ۹ͼǲȱȫģȱһмһ飬ͭƬ
λ˭ϻеö͵öͭƬģó˵ͼһ𣬿ȫò޷ȷ׼ĵ
û뵽йõͭƬȻĺ޼۹йءַаͷԼҲ벻ɣҲͽôˡ
ʱַڿǣһöͭƬҪҪȥĵ۹ͼ
öͭƬϡ˿̣һȻ챤ɿ˵Ⱥ˲ȫɵϡ
ȻеöͭƬóɡ˿˵
ԣҲöͭƬ֣ҵ۹λˡ
Ⱥȴ䣬ĵ˴챤챤Ըҵȣ⣬ֶɱַ޻־֮£óöͭƬ˭֪ᷢʲô顣
ҪΣʵ
˶˺֮⣬ֻ챤ˣҲŻὫöͭƬͷų춯һ𡣡˵һʹĿһ
ɣ̵۹ͼɣ
㿴֮˲ָΣ
һɣһ⣬ȫǲ֮⣬ôܴ۹ͼĻᡣ
ȻλңôеڶͭƬ˽ԵͭƬԼʱһҾ־Ͳᷢ챤챤Ҳڱ˼޻ˡ
ɨһۣ˵۹ͼѾֻҪóҵ޼۹λãʱȻסǿ챤棬ɼжô侲
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챤ǲóͭƬߣ
һںҹȺôŹɡ
ˣȻʱһֲķХ֮˳һöͭƬ˳ȥ
ңȺһĻʱһȫͭƬ˹ȥʱѾõ۹ͼȫòڶȡͭƬˣǲ־ˣ˿ֻһ뷨õͭƬ
ɿһĻйһĨЦղǾ仰˵ֻҪ˶ʲô˼õͭƬͿԼͭƬ˾һ򿪵۹ͼˣαҪ˷˵Ǿ仰ʱǺܶûзӦģֱ˳ǿ²ŷְɡ
ַ㿴һۣһ侲Ҳգ˶ȥͭƬˣԼϱһöҪȥᣬ˻ҵġ
ڴʱһ֮Ȼ併٣ַתͿΧӰһӰ̤Χ֮أһϢȣǿʢ
ţַɨЩһۣˣղǶڰпϷأʱڰ಻סˣɵҪյˡ
ԭ⽵֮ˣǾŴɹ챤λǿߵˣĻߵǰ
ͣ°ɣõͭƬҲߣ챤ǿ߿˵һȺĶĤ֮УȻһǳãͭƬͻȻͣ˵ϲٵʬ壬ǲΪ֪񼴱ᵽҲûã߲
õͭƬģٴνͭƬôҿ޼۹ĵصźáɹǿҲ˵һöͭƬѾ˶ᵽУʱǺϵĽͭƬٴ˳ȥ־أȻʲôʱʲôһʱ֮죬Ŀǰľƶԣóõѡ
öͭƬ»ۣЩ˵ĿͶɣ֣ͭƬóɣ
ȻҶڣȻЦ˵ʶȤǰͭƬ˳ȥȻĵٿʼţһ۹ںϣ۹µͼ׵һҲƴˡ
Ⱥǳֵͼףм仹ǲȱģܹŵĵصˡ
ܣȻ䣬ʵ³һɫ΢Щ԰ףôܻ
ǿߵɫҲһƬµüͷʱǵҲڴģΪλ


1566 ޼ͭƬ
ô£ȺҲǸ۹ͼȴϤƬ򣬾ɽ֮ĵط
Ŵɹ챤λǿ߲ϳͼ̻Ĵ·λȴûϲãǸطĻ۹Ǻû̫ĹϵˣΪǿǿ̫ˣŴɹ챤ﵽƬûκεĻȨɽҲκӡ
бһöͭƬûг֣ҲⲢĵ۹ͼаοԼţԼҲףֿԲ󣬲ȻôңԶΪ̺۹ͼöͭƬھŴɹ챤Χڣѵ޼ǰƬģ
λϿɻеöͭƬʱҩɹǿĿɨˣ˵еö޼ͭƬҲǱ׼ȷȷ۹ͼλãҵ޼۹
Ⱥ˻һĬַȴڲͣ˸ţöͭƬϣҪҪó
ûеĻöͭƬҪҾŴɹ챤֮ƹܣȵöͭƬ֮ʱóλһȫòٶȿڣѾ¶ҰģҪͭƬΪУŴɹ챤С
Ҳͬ⣬ƿأõ˵öͭƬ۹ͼҲ֪˰ɣĮ˵
ûҲö۹ͼأ
ǾŴɹ챤λͬԷḷ́Էԡ
ΪŴɹ챤ƹ޼ͭƬõѡ񣬷ĻͭƬʧ˭𣡡ɹǿҲˣ˿ǽŴɹ챤ͬһӪǶġ
ҷԣʱַ㵭Ŀ˵һʱĿ˹ַȻʣĵλȴһ㣬ֳҹҹȻзȨ
ַ㿴˵Ŀ⣬ƽ˵ö޼ͭƬƹʡ
ƹܣȺɫһַҲʲôöֻ˵
ַ㣬ƹܣҲøλһŷɰɣ䵭ĵ
ֻʱλƹܶѣõͭƬ֮һᶨ챤У챤פذ벽λԼңʵ΢ҪͭƬˣǲ֮£ԣϣɾŴɹ챤ƹܰȫˡ
ַ㵭˵˲ɵͷһݣȷ˾Ŵɹ챤У޷ƿصˣַУַߡ
⣬Ϊҵ⣬ƹܵĻŴɹ챤ȫҵİȫͽҹһ˴ɱŴɹ챤зݣλΪ֤һŴɹ챤ܱңܹңͭƬɸӵİȫˣڼ䣬κõöͭƬҪͷöͭƬĵ۹ͼǺ
ò˵ַ㼸򵥵ĻΪҡ⿴Ƶȷǲѡ
Ŵɹ챤ǲͬ⣬Ҫ̵۹ͼַĿҩɹҪ˵İߣ¶Ц漴Լ_ˣ˵֮ɹɽԼҹˣұ֤ȵķǿһһὫöͭƬ½ҹǰ۹صĴһöͭƬ֣λҲ
ΪƹܣɽʰƹܣԼ_Į˵
ȻҪô˵ҲУòĻÿƹһʱ𣿡ַЦ
ˣ˵Ļƹܣ֪ͨʦ𣬵ɽĴϡʰ֪ûбҪȥƽ˭ƹܣַƹҲûйϵһ
û_Ҳ˵ûбҪ̫ƽ˭ƹܣַܲ
ȻˣǱ鷳ֵˡʱڿʼɿڣַʱƹܣȷǱȽϺõѡȻввãҶѾôˣҲ޿κΡ
ַ䣬ǰȥĿЦɨһ۾Ŵɹ챤ˣĵλʴɱλΪ챤ۡɱҿԺ챤ǣҲòλһأƹöͭƬ֮ǻΣգǱ㲻챤һ֮£Ŵɹ챤зݣ˭ܲ롣
ַԵȷʵŴɹ챤֮ò룬ڰйĶǣлݺ챤κһɣַûгޣⲻҪУһûУ
ҲϣҪнҹԣŴɹ챤ǶǲһЩǿפַ㰲ȫĺáĮ˵Щ˶ˣ˭ɵӣŪڹ֮С
Լַֻ֣ӳʱöͭƬȫϲɫЩ˸²һǰ뿪˾Ŵɹ챤Ѿõһö޼ͭƬɣ
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еĹַ߰ȡһöӡǣ͵һգʱһӰǰȻϵӡǡ
ַ㣡ʿַ㺰һ
壬޼۹ͼ֣ǣ⵽λʴɱ壬£Ŵɹ챤ַʿ˵
һâͷң£ҹλپŴɹ챤ɱ⣡
λʺãַЦ˵漴ʵӰɢʧȺһĻȴַúݣһŴɹ챤˿¶Ҫˣû뵽ַҹʶ˹ϵֱӳƺˣַ㣬ˣ
Ŵɹ챤ǿи˼˭ɱַģֻԼַ⵱ǵǰٻӰѾûɱַĻˡ
𳽾һһסذɣַŽ𳽾ڵ
𳽾һֻۣ΢΢ͷ漴𳽾ַַ㣬
뿪֮ɻԵĲǿʹ˸񣬶ʱ˶ַ󣬵˸оַ·챤Ĺˣ


1567 ޼
ַص֮󣬱㿪ʼĿ޼ͭƬѾ֣Σȥᣬȡ˸ղű˴ɱĽѵ˵ٻʣ˵Լ£Ŵɹ챤зݣŻ˸Ҷ֡
һЩĻϲҪ֣žŴɹ챤ҲܹܺõĽ
罥İַڲ֪ͷųöͭƬħ֮ϣֽڣ꣬õĴָ֮ϣԶ֪
˿ħ֮ϣַڴˣĿ⿴öͭƬĿʼۣ޼۹۹֮£۹ͼ֣ʼƴһĵ۹ͼףûκεȱȫνˡ
һƬأ֪ʲôطַֻطڵͼעĵص㵱Ȼ֪ȴܹоõƬص棬·һ֮УķƷΪĿ飬ƺ϶Ϊһ֮⣬ͼеһص㣬ŶĿĻ⣬һƬ֮أ壬ʲôûбע
ַ֮ӡ֪ʲôط϶ܹ֪ģھ;ȱˡ
䣡ڴ˿̣еĵ۹֮ӰȻʧóһӰһλϡߵӰ
ͻȻһĻʹַ΢΢һӰӡö޼ͭƬۼ֮𣬾ȻûһӰ
ϡĿоɣڴַ㡣
޼ǰ𣡡ַɫһһ䣬ϡߵӰϢǶԷǰµ֮ͭƬ֮Уһֱδɢȥ
ַĻϡ΢΢ͷڵν
ַ㣡ַ΢΢û뵽ܹ޼۲֮
㣬޼۹ߣһʵǿûɱɣԸǰ޼۵ʵ
ʹַüͷ΢΢£һֻƾô
ǰʶ󡣡ַϸʵ
˽ȥֻһܻϡߵ˵ƽûа㲨
ˣҷǰǰ˰ɡַ㲻ὫԼУһ˻ȥ
ˣܵõҵıУҲȥ𣿡ϡٵ
ȥַٴξܾû޼칬ӵлɾ;ǿ֮·ûҪ棬ֵ
ãףˡϡߵĵ˵ͷ漴һӰֱӳַԴȥûС
ַɫ΢£漴Ժ֮оһЩЩ䣬ַȻһ漴¶һĨЦ޼ۿҲǸˡ
ǰͭƬ֮УÿһͭƬ˺ѳΪͭƬֲں޾ĵͭƬһɻû޼۹ͼۣ֮䣬ԭͭƬֻھŴɹ챤򣡡
ַ૵Ĵ½طź;Ŵɹ챤ƵͭƬ֣ЩطֻҪöͭƬһԳֵ۹ͼҵ޼۹Ȼҵ޼۹ԶԶԺе֮ǵ۹Կ֮һ
޼۲ѰǵĻ˶д޼۹Ļᣬַ㣬ֻ֮һЩˣѾ޼۹֮أȻҲпͭƬûлһ𣬳ֵ۹ͼ
пܻᷢ
ͭƬַĿ⿴ǰͫ΢΢£漴ʼЦѣ˿öͭƬĵκεĲֻͨͭƬˣҲ޼۹ӰԼ۹ͼ
ҸνַЦҡͷͭƬЩ˱Ȼ˵ͭƬ޷͵ˡ
ûȥַ̫࣬һοʼ뵽ξ֮УȻõô޼۹ǱȻҪһˣ˷ˣ̤޼۹֮ǰȡԼǿһЩɡ
һҹָ䣬ڶ죬ɽ泾ʵˣַ㱻š
ɽĵ̣泾Ȼһȵ泾ʼȻˣôܲ۹ͼ
챤פصһɾԺУ˿ѾӰڣЩҹû뿪ʼն޼۹֮£˵泾ʵǱǰȥ泾ʣ·泾ʵַദ㡣
ַ㻺̤Ժ֮Уڶμ泾ʣɻһǰʣ仯΢΢ʵһ궼̫ı仯ʵǿʻЩı䡣
ַ泾ǰվǣַƽĿ泾ʣ˵δ
ʻ֮ʱϣԼƵʦֵһλᣬ泾ʾܾҲǶһ˿ϣ֮泾ʻ嶨ԼˣַΪԼ泾ֻҪرУض̫
泾ʵȻҲע⵽һϸڣɫȴް㲨ֻƽĿǰܾ꣬꣬Ϊ۷壬һصڣҲйоأֻǲ֪սˡ
ɵȻܿȥ泾ַս泾Ҳȥǣ
޼ͭƬϰɣ泾ʵһ
ǵģַͷ
ҿ泾ƽ΢Ļ͸һȻ֮⣬ˣ޼ͭƬеĵ۹ͼȻҪĿ
ַΪǵҹɹԼ˶ˣ˵ɡַ֪˿̽ͭƬҲ޷ʲôûС
泾ַ˻ɫ΢΢£üͷһ΢Щߣ˵ʲô
ַΪҹɹԼĴۣٿַظһȻ䣬ռ䴦÷ǳ˶һĬȻĿַ㣬һôĵӣ泾ʿɲǾŴɹ챤ˣɽǿߣַ㾹Ȼô˵


1568 
УһƵѹָУ泾ʾôַ㣬ûͷԼϢַܵһѹ
Ȼѹ֮£ַɫɺƽҲ
Ϊûʸȿһ۵۹ͼ𣿡泾ƽĵ
ַ㲢ûд⣬۹ͼһЩϸ΢ı仯ˣǵҹǿ߶ɡַɲ˵
泾ʳĬƬ̣漴ַ¶һĨЦܺãұȵʣ̳ĵӣǺиԡ
лǰȫַ泾л漴վﰲĵȺţ˶ŸղַĻ۹ͼϸ΢ı仯Ǻα仯
ַ㣬˵ȵʵˣ̽۹ͼʸҵȵ۹ͼעĵص㣬㲻˰ɡ˲ĵĶַʵ
İɣҴӦ˵飬ȻġַӦһַ̹Ȼ˱ҲԷҲַһĵĵȺš
ŹʱңڣԶХ֮һλǿߵˣŵĳۺϵĳмƣɫв죬ȻɹĴǿߡ
ʦ𡣡˺һֻɹǿĿ⿴ʵ۹ͼģ
Ŀַ㣬ȴ泾վЦ۹ͼǰ֮˵ϣΪַ㣬ӣ˵ҪĴǿ߶ˣŻὫ۹ͼǹ
𣿡˽ĿͶַ㣬ʵ
ַ㶨ǰһ𸴱ǡַɹĴǿ˵˸£漴˵ͷǺãұ𸴣
ǿߣ·һƮ
ַ㣡ʿ¿ַ㺰һ
֣ڵˡ泾̧ͷһۣ̳˸õӡ
һâֻǴַǰҹѣַ㲢ӣҲ̲
⵹ԣַֻܸ㾡ܶİƿʮϰַ㣬̲ˣϾÿóͬ
𣡡泾ʵĮĵһֿ꣬ǵǵ֮Լ
磬վ˵泾ֶʰ˵ʰ΢΢ͷ߳һɨʰһۣ֪泾⣬ʰʾ
ҵĵѾʣһսûбҪ泾ʵ˵һ仰ɼϣɽ۾ϹôⲻڴɣϾ˵仰֮ǰַܾ㡣
泾û뵽Ŀ˶ǳĮɨһ泾һǰս̨֮ϣʰ۷Ϊ֪֮û䣬߰˰ǿѵޣʲһ֮ңַ㣬Ҵ֮ʱȴ˰ٴ֮⣬Ϊأذ嶼ûУʰһɻʣкκҫ㵱ȥɽ˲ֹʰһ˰ɣվҿ
˿泾ԲɵЩƣΪ޼۹ͼ˵
ɹԼǿҲûдˣ۹ͼ˵ֵҲ
Ǽվǰһ泾ʵ˵漴˴Ⱥ˳պַսҶN곽Լ
վַ߲٣Ȼ泾ϲȽϣѡˣַսɣһϣַսҸǸ硣ʵ˵ʹȺĿⶸȻһ
ѡˣһϣĿ⿴𣬹ַʵѵôţϾ泾ˣɾӹ֮
˼ɹǿ˫ֻǰµĿǰһĻʱ泾ʱһ仰˵Щԣ𣬾ôַʵ
ַʵεǲôȣصʱ򣬱ܹŰɱˡ
λ㲻ٽϾˣһڵſ۹ͼأλǿ߿յĲԾڵ
Լû꣬ұ㿴ʱɻʡ泾ҲĮ˼֣곽ǣֻʰ磬ʰĵӡ
˶ˣøĽ˰ɣ泾ʿַ㣬䡣
ͭƬѾûˣַ㿪³һ£նȻЩˣܰ˭ܵõɰеĺ䣬޼ͭƬûˣַ㣬ˣڳǿ
޼ͭƬʧȥ֮ǰ۹ͼѾӡλǰĿ֮Ȼô¡ַٶȿڣ漴ü֮ĵ۶ɣֱλʵü֮ӡȥ
ַӡĵ۹ͼԼǱѵһɲǣȻַ㲻ǿ޼۵֮Ӱַĵ۹ͼЩ˲׷Ź޷ˡ
ңǵõ˾λҲûа취޼۹
λǿ߿еӰ֮һâ˸ΧȺеĿһĻɶʲôַʲô
ã⽻⡣ɹǿߵ˵泾ĮɨַһۣһﾹȻѾӵ˵öͭƬ̲ö޼ͭƬƭ֣ơ
Ȼ⻰泾ǲ˵Ҫַ㽫ַҲ
ַ㣬㲻ԼĻɣʱȺ˼ˣַ㵽׸ǿʲô
ģ壬Ҳ֪ʲôطλɡַʵ
˵ͷĿɨˣ۹ͼָĵַ򣡡
򣡡Ⱥһôᣬ޼۹յַ޼֮޼۹ĴѰ޼۹ַǱ˵׳죬޼ôܽ޼۹Ͳ򣡡
ңǣʵ˵Ⱥ泾λ֮ʱǶ˵ͷ
ȷϳˣ޾Ŀ̫ˡҩɹİʵ˵һֽìͷַ㣬ûô˭֪ģַλʵУǷʲô
ҴӦλѾˣͭƬҪĻȥַ㽫öõͭƬ˳漴ʵ壬߰ɣ
ãʵ˵ͷ漴Яַȥ֮ǰַ߲ģַ㽫佻ĴҪߣǲ˭ȺкܲˬҲֻܿʴַ뿪
ֻǰˣҪλʿеõʲôõϢҲܣ


1569 ս
Ŵɹ챤޼۹λϢ˵֪Ȼȴɻ޼۹Ȼ
˵ЩЦ޼֮ʱ޼۹ֲһ޼䣬۹ʵ޼۵Լĳҽ˸飬ȴûа޼۹Ӱӣ޼ͭƬָĵطǡǡ޼۹֮ء
ҹ;Уʺַ΢ַô£ѹֵڿ۹ͼʱЩλǿ߶üͷţΪ˼顣
ȤǣʻַһϢӰ޼۹λá
޼۹ɽ֮⣬һأܹ˾һľ·޼۹עĵַȻƬأһַԣ޼۹ѵλӾ֮УͱЩǿ߶ûн޼۹ҳˡ
ˣַɴǰһ˵ģҪȿһľһǶĻ͵֮ηգȥ
Ȼַ㲻ἱǰȥҹȡһЩʵ
ҹУһɽ֮صĲǰһλŮҩַϣ϶ԲҩҲһ˿רעһǿҩʦԣҩǵĵڶ
ʶȻҩʦҲᰮҩ
ַ㣡ʿַ¶һ˿͵Ц⣬ڲݵһԣһλߣģȴԵúȻ·˰㣬Ϊıǻ㿴Ƴ̫˫۾ȴǺɫģͬһ
ǰַﺰһ
˵ͷϲĬпǰ˫Ӷʡ
ʶжʱһˣʱ׼չһʱգ뿪ҹԶһˡַʶһõʱʶȥѰʱʶȥЩӻܹҩ
ԼСĵ㡣ʶЦŵ˵ͷĿʹ
ҹ磬ȴ˼ִӣַ㿴ʶЦݵ˵漴ҲϯضȻһЩǿڵײЩ޶Ƿǳʹ죬ˬ˾ʹսһƽҺҶХԵøȤ˲ûйĶǣȻַΪҲΪǷǳõԵʣ侭ŰΪʵ
ԭҲôΪﵹǷǳʺңʶЦЦַֻϯضǣҹãֻʵһʱԵҪǿɻҪĴ˵һֱűչسΪǿߵģ츳ǿҲУվƿ
Ƭַ̣ʱң뿪ʼһʱıչؿޣ޾磬ֻսϵ׷󽫰һǿȣ˳ɻʣԣѾû̫壬˼㽫أԶûʲô罫սٴ
һºãã󺣣һƬ֮Уɽѣֲı춴ء
𣡡ħԳŭһϷ·ͷħ⣬Ų̤ٵııܺһѰ㣬µĴһµѷ죬ӡ
¡һħӡضסַϿճ޾Ӱӣһʯ㣬Բ֮ȫסˣӡٶȿ쵽¡
ַ֮ͬķһпռĲ֮һ£ͬʱ쫷ϿȵǧҸռеĽǷ磬֮һ˲ʧ
ӣħԳ͵һֲۣĴطûһӡһΣΪǿߣܹƬյУǧʹΪƿأ׵ƬյķûΪ
ѣ֮ʱһĳ·һ֮ûӡȻɢΪĩɢַ弸ûκεͣһƮ˹֮⡣
¡¡µӡ˵ϣʱһ޴ޱȵӣħԳڹڣ֮ЩԼĹֱ÷飬Ƹħһȭ˳ȥͬʱһֻ͵һգԵƥħ֮ѹַϣѹַ㡣
ͣһ콣â쵽˼飬·ǹѹնַӰٶͬһƮ˳ȥһαĹ֮⡣
䣡ħԳ̤Ŵأ̤һޱȾ޴ĽӡҲͣ˫޴ͫ׷ŭĶַ㡣
ַ㣬ٶ̫쵰ˣħԳص˵ƣһµĹַ㣬ַٶ̫죬ǧ֮ѾַЧóǽԶ̵йΪǿᱻַƿԣڶַ㾹Ȼ޿κˡ
ⴿ۸ٶôôħԳŭ
ȻٶҲǱ˿ģΪħԳóȴóٶȵַٶȴ̬ԲŻΪʵĴħԳٶûַĽ֡
ԣڲñŰˣַЦ˵ǰûϣħԳŰùңտʼʱħԳһȭƿգֱѹϣڣѾܹԼˡ
ˣħԳŴ
ιϻƣҲԣַ㻰£Ѿ˳ȥ죬쵽ֻʣ˷֮Ӱ
ַȭͷ˴ħԳĿţһɶĿ֮˷ֲôħԳ㶣漴̧ͷǰСַӰ
¡ħԳݺݵһ𣬽ַӲ˻ȥ¡¡ĽŲ˼޴ƣ΢΢ؿڣʹ
̧ͷħԳЩŵĿַ㣬漴ſ˾޴ͣЦСƣԳȥˣ
д⣬ϻƣ´ټַһŴħԳ˻֣ת˲ʧַ뿪ħԳЦţһԽԽ̬ˣ


1570 ط
ε¶ˣĴԶͷ֮УһƮƷƣƶˣƶ
żȻпֲնһƬƣضҪɫ
ʱƿ֮Уһ·֮⣬·𱻿ƿնХݣżз֮·â¶
֮ϣһ긺ֶգԵ÷Ƶһ˫Ŀ·𿴾䷱
Ӱַ㣬Ŀ⿴ԶеһӰԼƬãأַĸо˴ǿ֮࣬ǰСУܿʢ˶ǳƶһϢǿʢżȻܿһλɲǿ·
ʵ磬ǿƵ磬ǿӴǿĴߣԶûֱվھ½ۣ֮硣
ַ֮ٶѾԽ˾޽࣬򣬾ҹǳ֮ԶȻҪٶȣҹҲǲǿǰַ㵱ʱδͬУǴһʱղ·ҹѾһ֮ãҲ̤ڡ
޾ԶСеİ˻ľҪַ࣬еĿ꣬޼۹ľַ֮أҲƬĸ
ַ㣬Ӻܾǰ㿪ʼ˴Զ޼ַһͭƬҲ޼۹ַھŴɹ챤ܹõȻҲܵõͭƬ֪޼۹ϢûмöͭƬõööܹ֪޼۹ڡ
ˣһֱ֣ǿֱԼţʱڴˣԭֻһһУֻΪ޼۹
ԣ޼۹ɵ޼۴Уջֲ̫ˣ޼ۣ˸Žǿߣ޼ӵͨ쳹Ī֮ܣ޼۵һЩˣҲΪԺһʱĴֹλۼǿߣһڡ
Ȼֵͬط˶࣬Ƭ嫵ͻǿԽֻ࣬ǿĻ
ַõ޼۵һǿƣټѰ޼۹˲֪ж٣кܶǿ߶ѰҪõ޼۹̫ˣȻΪһԵʣַǲԣѰ
ǱѤʱԶյУ֮ϣ̤նУһλŮӳַڵķȥַ̤ʱ̲סͺһ֮Žз֮·ɫâ
󶼱ŹŽɼǽǿߣŮӲŻע⵽ַĽ
ŮԵһλ곯ַ߷һۣɱ֮ã֮Ϊֽ֮ˣҲΪϸޣ
ֻĿѣǧ֮·Ҳǧÿߵ·֮ͬһԼϲöˣŮĮ˵һ漴Ŀ⿴һԱĿĺӣҲһŽȴһֱĿ񣬷·֮½޹ذ㡣
ʦ˵ȻҲʼΪߣܻʵɱ˵ĽǺýղٴοڣŮӵĿȴϣЩв죬ҲɨǺһۣԴһ̤뽣ɽ֮ʦöĹע
ô֪ԷĽѤǻʵòȡˣŮӽë˶ֻǺûпڵ˼Ǻǰһһ䣬·ľͷ˰㡣
ⲻɵо٣һβѵԼôûơ
аʦܣۿΪ˭ŮӶź˵аüͷ΢΢ʶ£漴۾
ǱߣѤһŮаڿ۾ɵЦųָ˹ȥаĿ⻺תԶɲȻ΢΢һͣ漴˳Žȥ㿴һ۵ıӰⲻɵһֱ¶һĨЦݡ
а¶ĲЦŮ£ȻЦˣԭľͷЦҲġ
죡
аһ³ӰȻʧԭأ쵽˼ޣȫһӰ
ַ㣡
һʹַ嶸ȻһϤȻֹסôͣյС
תַ㿴ϤӰҲ¶һõЦݡ
аټƬĴУвɵ÷·ǧп
ֻ֣кݺݵһա
û뵽ټɿа̾һһ֮ãڵ̤ƬʦֵܶԣܿһԶ֪ȥҲ֪޾ĴأҪ̸ףǶܹټʵס
ַΪȻĵ˵ͷȷʵף̨һʮһӣ磬Ҳ֪˵˺δ
ַ㣬ʦ𻹺𣿡аЩŵĿַ㣬ַһȥаע⵽ˣַ֣ȴڣǷǳʵġ
ҺʦҲһδˣǶ˷ֿ֮ʱʦѾȫʦʵֻҪһЩԱġַ㿪˵аüͷ΢΢Щʦû±á
ûʦֵܵϢаһ
ԼսǱ챤ˡַһâ챤վһ컹ȥġ
аַ֮һ⣬챤ߺɳĮãȻ֪Ŵɹ챤ȵһжƽ˾߳ɳĮһ·ԶУԵ˽ɽ
аأûдʦǵϢַϰ߳ƺľΪʦ֣ƺһ֮УϾôƺġ
ʦó귨֮ûµģڶʦ֣ۿƿ谭룬ֻǲ֪ȥʦֵܵϢûС
аĿ˸ţЩʧʦֵܵģֻϣǶⰲá
һ죬̨һʮһӣؾ۵ģַзâ¶ȵǿ֮󣬱Ҫƽ챤ʱֻλʦֵܾȳԳɣַһֱԳǰҹأǧкܶ࣬Գǵҹˮ
ַ㣬ûǴ̨ǷܹλʦֵܻаַһĻַһ֮ɫ
̨ڴУ̨
˻ľ֮أǧԺ߳˾ֻһˣ̨ܸ֮߳һӻСεƿУҲλʦԸаڣʹַ⶯磬̨


1571 ۹ַ
̨һʮһӳ˱챤ƿص⣬ټԼа⻹⣬̨ܹڴ𣬱ܽٻЩӰ˻ľ߳ˣ̨֪֮Ҳпܻῴ
ʱľʣҲܹҵˡ
ңʦֽƿҲһֱΪĿǰ߱ͬСһ֮Ǳƿ֣Ϊɱ̭ɸѡǿߵĹߡ
ʵûа취ڴƿһ׾ܱĨҼϣǿ֮ԡַ󣬶а˵аȻڰ˻ľӵʵѾվ˾֮ϣڴ磬λʸ˵ƿһ
סа΢΢ͷ
аСʦֵû뵽׳־Ǻ£ֻҪڴпһҲҪλǿ߲ǿ㣬̸δԵЩˣ֪£ߡԶ
ʱɽ˹ղǺŮԻַаԻݾڴ½һɵиоΪЦаؾѣַ㣬ֻ֮ǿܹ߶ǾȻȴԴһδҲ̫֪ߵغˡ
аʦܣɲǰС硣ĳһ
лˡаƽ˵һַţȴ˵Ƕ졣
ˣʦںδ˶ַ㵭һַ㿴һۣӦһϣ
ҽɽҿҲ޽ɽǽãҿΪʱŮǰǷǳַЦ
ʦãͺһʹŮӿȴ˵ʦã֮·˵ɽˣ֮£ôçײ
кιϵŮΪȻ˵
ȻҪȥҽɽȷֻ˵뽣ɽȽѣǿ߶ַЦ
ˣлַ䲻֪Ϊδ˻дŷζԣҲΪСȥͶԷʲôĳɳͶԷȫͬ
аǰȥ̸ַаڣ漴˸У˲ϢԶ
ַ㣬˺ǲһǵĳɳǵĵز̫ˡаƽ˵һԷ˵ַ㣬ԭΪԶֹǵһˣһֱԷƽϣܺŮԸȥǷ֮¡
ĥµ٣Ǳûô졣ַΪȻĵ˵ͷǿߣ϶ûǳ죬ǣΪ޹ءϵӰһԵģľɳ̤Ŀĥѡ
ȷƬ磬½֪ĵҩ˳ñã壬Ǻ֮ǻڼ֮ʱδ両ߵľ磬Ϊκʱɾ䣬ֵҩ½ÿڳ֮ʱǵĳ취ŪĸߣһЩ̵޶ȴġ
ַаĻȴһ漴Ц£еɣаĻͬɽׯׯ˵ĻһЩ˴СͿʼԼˣǳŴǿѪ
Щ֮ʱѾɾ֮ʱʱԼǰУԼԣʮ֮ʱŽӴʱ츳õ˿Ѿӵ߼ˡ
˵Щ׼ȴεأаַʵ
Ҫǰ޼۹ַַӦһʹаɫ΢漴Ц㾹ҲΪ޼۹
˵аȴüͷ£ֵַ㣬ɽдԣ޼۹ܾ֮أ˶˽ɽ򣬵ȻǽɽֻһСɵѣ޼۹֣ҲӦóھַڵأβط
ҵõϢǣ޼۹ܾڵ۹ַԲ򡣡ַЦ˵ʹаɫ΢漴˵ͷǺãһȥҲر̫ϣ
˵űӿٶȣļ˼ٵ׷Լ󱳸ĹŽ
аҪȥεأŮӺһ
޼۹ַаӦһ
ŮüղǷ̵޼۹ôܻڵ۹ַ򡣡
ûȥаĮ˵һʹɫһͣĿⲻɵÿŮȻˣǺֿ߰ɡ
ǷֿɣаһȥŮ˵׷аַ㣬ʱɫÿòҲһ׷ǰ
һַһѾһطǵǰһưܵĵֺһȥͬһǰ㡣
޼۹ַַ㿴ǰư֮أȻѾֻʣ²лϱڣ͸Źϵϣõˣյ޼۹ڴˣǰ˷ݡ
޼վסԼĵ۹УҲ˵޼۹Ѿ޼һʧһƬλáаԵŮָź嫵۹мһƬհ֮أ޼۾סĵ۹Χ֮أǵ۹ĸӹ޼۹֮ء
ɣ۹ܣ
һپǿǶԺһʱһ֮Ȼһɣһгɿգֻһȡ֮
޼Ӱ£֪٣Ůһ
ʦãʦֶȻһĿ࣬ʱŮϽͣƺҲʶԼ˵˻޼ɣڣЩӣǼµĴǿߣ˵ǣɽǲ𣬲ܹġ
гַ⣬ӰԸհ޼۹ַ·С
ַĿɨһˣ޼ɲ֪꣬ʢˣǣγһҫ


1572 
½Ңɽ֮ˣȻҲ򣡡ʱԶһʹаĿ⳯ǱͶȥ½Ңڿаַꡣ
Ҳˣ½ҢԷɫһͣȻϵöԷԷǽɽͬһƬԷҲˣ޼۹ķ粨һֱڷͣ޼۹һղǱ㲻ϻҪѰҵ
ǽɽûǿߵ𣿡˿½ҢԼаһַۣ֮⣬½Ң˵Ϊؾ磬ûǿڡ
Ƕɽڽɽû֮˵Ҳ֪½ҢûбҪƭԷ޼۹ϢѾһʱˣ֪ҪҵҲֻܿ˻ûбҪһǿһȥѰңҪȥ˿ԸȥȨԼ֮·
ң˵ҪһȥѰҵ۹лָù˭ȻҪϽţʵҪǱš
½ҢҲһѾҿǿڶ࣬ҵȽУҲиϣ̫ΣСӣһŮΪ֮ҺͽɽһۼʵԲǿڶ࣬ԵҲ֮¡
ʦΪΣ˹ȥΣаҪҪһ𣿡½ҢŮһ漴ֿаַ㣬ˡ
½ҢЩѿǣʦȴĿһͶаȴ
˾͹ˣа˵һûн֮⣬½Ңһаƽϰˣ⾹Ҳ䣬ӡ
ʦã˲ô㣬߰ɡ½ҢŮ˵аν˾͹ȻַָˣⲻɵЦС֮ˣʵΣȴ°ĿһС
ҺһɣŮĿȴһֱаַ㣬۾гһ϶Եмַ֮ͯͬаղ˵һȻԷҲ۷ǿߣԻǳᣬСЩ
һɡַ㿴аһۣЦ˵аһȷʵ£ŮƵҲܺаΪһԣҲǳá
аĬ£漴΢΢˵ͷã
Ůַգգ۾ЦŵĽƯʲô
ַӦ˵һԵ½Ң˵ĶԻɫ䣬һһλɽߵһ𣬽ˣĿɨַһۡ
ַ㣬׼ѰаַʵǼȻȻΪܲҵ޼۹޾˷˹δҵûһϢҪҵ۹졣
Ҫȥҵ۹֮ѣˣ˵һأаȥַЦ˵û˵۹ܾھ֮УȻ˵Ҳûã֪νأаҲһˣȵȥ
Ҳ˵һأޱȣۼ̤ܶ룬ȥ޻ءаԵŮͷ˵أҲܺ棬Ȼܹôǿ߶㣬ɼжôտֲ
аԲкӽɽΪȻҪؿҰ
˶ѱĵͼ˺Ǹǰһ½Ң˿ַȥüͷ£Ҳȥؿɡ
λ޼۹ַԶһƬǳ嫵ĵڱޱߣһƬ֮ɫʲô˵ǿ̤ȥ˳ŰȻһһξ룬Զ޷
ַ˴˿̱վƬ֮⣬ǰһƬַĿ˸֮ǰ̽صϢһн޳޼۾ܽ۹ھ֮У˶Ҫ̤棬ҵ۹
Ƭ֮һƬַ㾹Ȼ˲ӰЩȴɺƲôȤַȴ·ףЩ棬Ҳ˺Լһõ޼֪޼۹λ֮У˹غڴˣ᲻ʲô֡
ȥַһȻ䣬Хŭ͸Ƭɿռ䣬֮С
ˣַһȻоĿԼϣΧ׷׳ͶɨַһֻۣƬ̣ǱûȤԭֻһصСǿ߶ʱһЩ̽룬֮ͷŵ棬ƾһϵǵǸûʲôá
֮ڣһƬ֮ɫһƬǿգںǿֹݣ֮ԼռЮϣʱöݳ׼
͡һɿµķ籩Ҫû˲Ϣߣ漴ҹ֮УһµĹ͸ŻԵ·Ҫݻٵ
ַһͺȣʱأ·ֱӴ͸գ͸ɵĿռصַǰ
صַǰݣ·ڲ㣬֮ϣĿ֮⼫ҫۣ֮Լռǳǿʢ
ĽаŮһⲡѤļ½Ңʵܹ͸ٶݻˡ
ⲻ֪˿ַҲһգڴƬռʱоԼҪϾϵĽ걾ĻɣֽͬһΪƿأ򣬿ĻزˣҪǷ籩ӻ
Զ˶ȻֽĿۼַϣһλؾ֮˵ĽȻˣǿߵȥ޻ء
ַ㣬ʲôŮĿЩڴĿַ㣬֮Уʲôôֲǿܽܳ
һƬɫǳռ䣬пµķ籩ԼĿЩ˸˿˿âһֿµΰܹܵõеĻжǿǿ߿¶𡣡ַ㻺˵ʹŮ˸أǵʲô
֮ǰڣ֮ضѲ֪£ûܹ̽ʲôط˵޼ۣƾ޷ͨȥ̽أʵû
Ů˵ַ΢޼̽أ⴫ԺܿΪ棬޼۹ôܻ棡
Ȼ޼۾ܹƾΰųɼʵжôֲ


1573 
ַ㿴ӹ˵ṳ̂زųַǲŵġ
Ǵ磬ǿ֮дϢ̤֮УҲȥҫʲôЩ߶ԣǵľѾϲʵ
ԣַţκεطֻҪͻ̤㣬ȥ̽ش꣬ҲһǰǺεʵĴܣͲַܹ֪ˣǳ޼֮ľߡ
ʱһӰƿգߣǵַϣȷе˵ǶַǰǱ
˼֮У漴ֳˣȻֻһɲǣǣȺһЩ뷨
õҲܿʲô
ַĿ΢΢һղֻһ̽أû뵽ܱЩˡ
Щôģʱ½Ңվ֮УĿⶢַǱѤĿĽҲǻʵܽصһ⣬ĲͬѰ֮
λҵĽҲֻһģΧһɻĹ㣬ҵĽܱ˲ݻٵֻһ˲佣ˣң⽣ǧɣλĻһϽٽȥġ
ַ㿴һۣƽ˵ַһ˵˱ĵ߿ַ˵Ĳ޵޴㽣ǾһֶεģǼõַĽҲʲôô
ֻҪǱûղ˵ģΪߣô˽֮УһǿõúôһܹõеĸϢʱ½ҢվַУ˵һƽȴ͸һɵ⡣
ҵΪߣô˽֮УΪԼĽҵĽҪǿ𣿡ַɨ½Ңһۣ䵭ƼҲˣҲᣬ˿˽ڣе⣬·ңⷬɻڷǳľأ½Ң治֪ôǱˡ
½ҢַתжȻһâɽ֮ޣ˵罣Хھ֮ϣ޼᲻ݡƣַΪ֮аСеʦֵܣо⣬Ϊһޡ
ȷôΪ½Ңһһ٣ϵĳ޷Զһɼ֮·Ҫ۳ɽʹƬռ䶼һɴʹķ֮С
ͣȻŭĿ֮ڿռлһѤĻߣǵ촫Ȼһ׵³
׵ٶȺεѸͣǴ벻֮£½Ңɫ˲ϢˣһɿֲĽâϴ̳׵ڽâ֮ϣ׵뽣âһ飬ѸޱȵҲһ̵ˣ죬֮Ϳռ֮ŭХڿգ˲Ϣ½Ңʺ
ɱ½ҢŭһȻü֮Ȼ̳һĿâȻ۶ɵ֮һ̣ò
֮ײ½ҢֻоҲ·Ҫɢѣڲе˶ҡҡ׹ʱԺֻһ뷨ˣû뵽ַ˵Ŀ졢˵ǿᣬ㻯ҪûüԼʵδ̫ԩ
ȻƬ֮½ҢԼȻţ֮ڱıԵҲû˸֮ʱĹâַѾصַͷϿգǣХޱߣַͬ˫㡣
ַûɱ
½Ңɫѿ֮ջüģֻоһ裬ΪɽӣȻбȵĻᶼûС
½Ң֣ղֻ͵ϮֶѣΪɽޣսĽһ㡣Ժ½ҢΪ˵һλ꿪˵ƺ֮⣬½ҢܹõַĽȻãܹǱ档
½ҢȻҲ֪ԷڼȻҲһ뷨ǸղѼһַܸ㡣
Ҹұ֤ɲгĻᣬңҲڶ·ַ㿴½Ң֮ɫƽȴʹ½Ңɫһղžڶҡ·ҪַǵĮƽĻȴһĪѹ
½Ң֣ޣʧȥ˽֮Գƽߣ֮ٶȿڣʹ½ҢɫòһսˣǻĽᣬϾԵ˱Ҫһ磬Ǳǿ֮ܶˣʣΪ̣δ֪սַ㣬ַһ仰ˣս
𡣡ַĿתַ֮ˣʲôַ֪
ĻԼϣַĿ·һâϡ
ǿüͷһǿϢȻַ㣬ַôƽĿɫ΢趯ţûκϢĲ
˵ƽļɢΣһΪ۹ַ𣬸ղŴ½ҢϣԼȴһ֪ǳ˽֡
ߣӶתȥ½ҢĿַһۣҲ֮ȥȵȹȻҪַһս
ɢȥʱΧ֮Ҳ׷˸뿪
ַȴԶתǰء
ߣַ˸һطȥطйһ
аŮҲַһ𣬴˿ַŮиѤĽղַ֣½Ң֮Ѿ˰ɡ
Ƭַ֮ʮȻȴ֮⡣
ַǰֹ֮Լռ֮Χһµ׵֮â·Ϊ˷ֹǹ˲顣
ȥַһٶȴ֮У뽣ַܹĿ̽еһУһɹ޷籩ͬǿհ㣬пµĿ㣬̺ҷ·޾֪ж
ôоһƬǿգַһٴλһ˸ٴλطӡ
һģַκεطĶƬȻڴ˿̣ǰһ⻮ǿգںԶĵطɲ漴µĹ㣬ǻĿͬһɻ籩һ
ʲô˵Ŀ£ַٶȽٻ˿üͷţľأ޷̤棡


1574 
ַ㣬ΪһֱأаַߣЩɻ󣬼ȻַѾ֪ʲôˣαػҪһֱظ⶯·㡣
룬Ȼ޼۵ĵӽһ鶼޷ҵ޼۹ȴʢ۹ڣ룬޼۹᲻⴫Ŵṳ֮̂СַĿ⿴а˵
ַĻаŮһͣĿ˸ò˵ַĴ󵨲²⣬дڵĿԵģνΪЩǿ߷ȴΪҲ޼۹ڣֻƬأǽȥҲ
ȻֻҵĲ룬ųֿԴڡַ㿴˼Ц˵Ҳÿ϶˵۹ڣַֻʽǣأʱаԼȥȥϾǻҲΣա
ȷֿܴڣ޼֮ܽУȴܽȥ޼۴˾٣Ҫõ۹õʧΪδ½д˵޼Ѳ֣ѰĴߡаַͬƲеɻвĵطڴ½Ĵìܡ
Ǵ½ĴΪ棬ô޼۹Ȼ֣˵л̤صġַ㿪˵ԣ׼Ƭȣ᲻ͻакδ㡣
Ҷڵ۹ûд룬ֻǳ߶һȻҪȣһʱաаӦ˵ַ㲻һַӵ޼۵һǸ۹ͼм٣ңȻ޼ӰַԻôζַлᵽ۹ڵصģҲл̤ء
֮ļգַһֱھԵǻʱͷţصУ泡ɣżܹյĻ⻪ʹ·ǸܵǹɻԵĿ㡣
ַ㲻ò̽ڱԵ֮صһɽɽ֮ؿʼξޡ
ʱڲ֪жȹַ֮⣬Ե֮ҲڵȴǵҲ˺ַһöͭƬܹȷ޼۹֮Уңһ̤صİ취
Լ˶ʮգһ죬֮УȻһֲ֮֮ͬΣ쳹˵Ժ֮С
ֳˣȻ䣬֮⣬һƷâÿһʱձ֮쳹գⲢʲôܣֻҪƬΧһʱյ˱㶼֪ģң֮֮ʱ˻̤ڣӴһȥء
ǳַ㶸Ȼ۾建վǰȥ
ȥַ˸ڲܻ޶˵Ĵ֮֮һʲô
˲ϢʣַͷϿգХ·ʱƿն
ֻƬ֮䣬ַѾ֮⣬ϵȻֱӴ͸ǲɵĿռ䣬֮С
֮ڣڰĿռ䵱УŶĿĽɫ⣬貶ĿޱҫۣһɫĻ㣬˷䣬ġ
ңָϿշ򣬶Ȼ䣬ַ㣬ͫ͵£ֻƬҹ֮Уһ޴ޱߵĽɫ쳤Хɣվͬһɫһ񷣬ǿҵӾ
ޱʯԳ廹ҪӴ󣡡ַľǾյУرԵ֮أֻҪһ̤أܹĴڡ
Ȥǣͣﲢû뿪˼·ڵȴʲô㣡
ѵ޼ޣַɫ΢΢ţĽɫǴǾģھĿϣӦòɻʴҲܰȫ
ˣ͵Ĳ£һ⣬ȴ᲻뿪أҪ⵽һ¡
Ȼ䣬ַͫٶ£Ϊ࣬Ȼֱ̤࣬ŽŲ˾صУңͬһâ㣬ֱ˾ıϣվǣԵøСϸԵ
з籩ͻ⳯Ȼȴ㣬û뿪أҪô£ղ̤صǿһλʼǿߣǾǰɲַƲûλʣǿ£ۼġ
ˣַҪ᲻վϵǿ߳֡
ַûпǾ·ƽûΪǿ̤ıе⣬·𱾸˰㡣
͡أٶַͷϿգֻ˿ַзâתݣ·Щ
λʼľûжǿߣǳпģβʹַȻĶ
ȥַͫ׵УһµĽâĶˣ̤УҪź
ַ㣡аߣĿźĿɫЩַ㡣
аһͷֲ޾λʣƺģǶˣȥȥַаʵĿࡣ
аһ޾󣬶λʣģҲַһȻ¶
ʲôаĿҲзâַ㡣
׼ȥֱַ˵˵
Ǻãһ⡣аȻ漴Ůʵأ
Ů˸ȷѾϣĿаһۣڵȥ
Ǻãַǹ֮ˣȻ˶ڣڿնҵλã漴ƿգ棬Ȼǰһγߡ
аʹÿ֮帽ҵĽϣַŲ̤аŮҲһ˶̼䣬ϵ˰ͬʱ֮彵嶸ȻصУʧΧȺߵУʹ˵ͫ׶£


1575 ͷ
Ȼһ𣡡˸ʧַӰüͷţһ˫˫ӷ·ҪƬռ䴩͸һߵһС
Ϊǿֻغضѣδ̤ʾ磬ǾȻ˹ϵ̤ųľأңǿַһܹ͸ȥȻĳַܿʲôŻһ̤С
û˻ҪַȻܻȥôȻַ㷢ʲôţǵҲȻҪҪ̤ȥһԡ
ʱ½ҢǼҲڣһֱڶַ㼸ˣַа߽ȥı΢΢˲׷˿ܿ죬¶ԥɫ·ҲҪ̤ȥ
һٰܣȻ䣬½ҢһɿµĽ֮˷·һֱӳ֮Уƴһˡ
ţߵļɫһֽȥһ˿ǲžǼٵģߵȺɽŵմĶľš
ߣм̤˽ȥ
ַ̤صС粨˿ȴȻһɷ籩һƬȺûǵһԼַ˽ȥɻǷƽ˾ΪǼ˵Ķȴ￪ʼһصķ籩Ӧո̤еַԼ뵽
ʱַѾھˣǿľ󱳲ͬһһһվԵú΢Сֲľ߻ſµĽâʹĻȻ޷ϣܺõıϵӰıϢ֮Уȴֻ³Ŀ
ǾȻҲˡַ㿴Ӱһ˸΢Ϊ⡣
ңԽԽ࣬·ڸ㣬ǰ˽޷סеļ¶ǲ̤濴ԼڣĽᡣ
̤뵽ʱ򣬲ɵͷ΢ԭһֱڵ֮һͷµ޾󷢳˾ϵ޲дȣ󵽵ʲôޣһЩǿվھϣĸܵɲ⡣
ȻҲʵ̤صʱǻĿֻ˲㱻漴籩˺ѵֻһ˲ͷʣ£Щ̤˾ͷ΢΢һݣϸоЩ亹ǻĿλʲ֪ܲܳܵס
ߣǿ޾ɵģ˸оЩңĶˣÿһʱղŻеľ֮ᷢ⣬ɡ
ǹɷ籩лڼԶ˷ߵҲ׷׸˶˾أﻹܰסЩǿߣܲһ
һʱ֮޾ıϣȻ˰ˣɼɷ籩۵öôǿ
Ȼ䣬һؼ䣬ڶ׼뿪ˡ
ֲľת漴һɫĹӰƬصĿռȥ
ʱ˽棬ǿԶȥӰʱ£Ȼ׷ʲôɵ˻һ
ˣȻоǰǴλᣬҪһʱգӰ˲۷Ȼȴûüܣ籩УȻ󳹵ױȻҲǿ߾̤˻ȥɸоʣЩ˱ˣ
ƬռǳĺɫӴ밵ǿյУȺ·𿴵ǳ¹⣬ңֻԵĿԽԽ࣬ǾâסȺȫҪƬռ棬ңֻ籩мǿơ
أѹ˵н޳أûоĽǱɵģھϵȺܰû໥ţֻǸԹΧһУһЩ飬ûͻȻҲڱì
ۡۡһ촫ȺֻĻâϱЩԽԽܼµĿţúܶж΢΢˰ѺϵĻâĻǱɣԿ϶λʣҲԻˡ
Ȼ䣬һ·ضµĽɫĻ·ҪؿǧɣھĽ£һֿµĽɫ·
ʲôȺգһµѷ콫ɫĻĻҪˡ
ãԶһɿ籩߹籩޾ĻԿ֮еһжͺȺһܹݻһС
ˣȻ䣬µ·ų貶ĿĽâ漴Ⱥ͸о·дһޱȵ·ǵǵԺ޽ɫĻĻֻǷ˼µĽɫģϵԾǵߵУȻ˿ǵԴһѣΡ
𣡡ַ㿴Ծŵ޾ģ׵۵ʥƴҲûôֲɣȻ֪׵۳Ƶ֮ʥж
꣡·ʲô˰㣬漴ȺֻоԼ屻ݺݵ˦˳ȥַҲͬΪղŴռƶٶֲ̫ˣһ˦Ĺ̫£ַҪֹסûа취
¡һµıַֻ֮о·ȫѿһԴʹޱȣҪѿһ֪Լײʲô
ôͣһЩʱַ̣Դ΢΢Щѣ۾漴ԼҽʯΧںģֻһƹ
ɽңַԼԣ漴ľʹȻڿնƬ֮ڿ˹âεգãĴأ˿ڵĵطһɽ壬ɽ弸һĶ֪ԼոײɽϣΡɽĶˣҵȥ
εգַǺݺݵĳ鴤£оǿЦɫǴ˿ζʲôǰ׳ˡ
ԭνأȻһСڣһԵڣ


1576 ǿưݻ
Ͽε񷣬Բ̣֮Ŀ·Ҫ͸Ƭ죬̽ƬǿգղţǴƬ˦
СûڣֻصĻôСȰ˻ľС¶ˡ
ַ૵ڿ޾ӦۼĿֲˣңһλóǿۣնǴǿ˦˳ɼǶ޷ͨƬǿյģ֮˵
ԼڵƬС磬λʱԺ߳ȥһ̫ͨǱͨƬգ֪Ҫʲô𣬲ܹ̤ͨ
ַ˼Ƭ̣漴οʼ˸˿ɽ֮أҪȵ˵ĵطУаѿˣһ˦ֲ̫֮Ⱥǿб£±˦˸֮С
ãַڿһɹĽǳأͰ˻ľԼֶͬһĳǱɹǣǽµķױֱӺӵ
ַӿٶȣӰյ̤Уãã˺ַĿ˸ţ˿룬޼۵ĵ۹ܿƬС統ˡ
Ҳζ޼̤أƬС硣
ַɨһ¿֮ˣΪȴձҪһЩȴֱȰ˻ĵҪǿ߻ɼģԵò̫࣬żܿһˣ۷弶ַ㻹ûп
˸ַ嶸Ȼ½λŮǰʵ伶ʵӦһЩ顣
ַ۽٣ɫһͣǰƮȻӰַվǣûаţȴһɲ֮С
ǿߣӦģа˵Ů۾¶һ˿ĵɫ漴ڵǰкηԸ𣿡
޼ۣ˵𣿡ַżʵûһͷֻʡ
޼ۣжһŴ˵ǺηʥּۣĴڣ֪м
ǰû˵޼ۡŮҡҡͷַգ£мĵĵҿԴǰȥһطʣ
ַ㿡ݷǷ棬Ϊɲ⣬ҿֱۼĿֲڣⲻòŮĲܺùϵĻԼǷܹõһЩ󲻵ĺôأԼһֱȱһžĽᣬòžҪ׷Ѱϯλǳ˵Ρ
ȥַŮ˵
õģ鷳ǰһ̣Ůַܷܷ֣˵֮֮ļޱȣΪǿܶ࣬ϧǰŮһˣ֮ĺǿң֪ԼûʲôԵĻܹ޵ùžģַĳ֣һ
ϦӿһĻɫһ漴ֻϦŮӶЦǻźʦǰһˣҲ֪ʱܻء
ʱַѾסϦܷܷ֣漴˸ڿգַ֮ıѰջܹҡģֻΪ޼۹
ַϦӰʧǰɫԵΪѿ漴¿ľƽ磬пʵΪ䣬Щϲʦúԥĸһİˣ¶˴δй̬
ַṲ̊ϣգϦַָǰĳһУĿٶȣϦ徹΢΢ַϿЩʵǰγƺ
ַ㣡ַĿǰƽĻӦ˵
ַ㣬ҿֱ𣡡
ԣַ˵ͷʱϦ¶һĨϲɫַ㣬˵ˣΪӦõ۷徳ɡ
ʮɣַɵ˵תۼѾʮˣʱĺÿ졣
ϦַĻɫ΢΢һʮַ꣬ûзϺһ䣬ȻΪӦǵ۷壬Сжʮˡ
ǰĹһǳɣϦһžΪӦҲֹĵزϦĵ˵־ȻַƣȫпֱַˣûԼĿģǺܴ󷽵˵
ҵҪĶҴһžַƽ˵ֹˮɫ޷ջֺز죬Ҫҵ޼۹Ҫָ
ַĻϦһѤ֮âвҲŵʧ䣬ջô𣬾ûа취ַ࿴һۡ
޹ɾ޵˿ٶɣµӲ࣬ȴʵǿΪ׵ļλ˵ӣѾ˸Īľ磬˵ӺͶӶѾ޵ˣھ޵һٶʮǰɾϯλ֪Ϊûи
޹ƬǿĴڣϦַĵطǾ޹ҽ޹Ϣַ£ַ
Բֻ֮о޵һλʣַҪۼĿ´ڣֻʲһЩ֪Ϧкַ˾޹
ʱ޹֮⣬еӿӰɵڿգĿַ㣬ߺˣ
ַ㣬ǰݼǰַݳȥ
ߣҪݼ޹շУ⽣֮ңҪʦ𣬰չأ޹ߵףҸĻᣡ۵Ŀ˵ʹַüͷһ޵˺ôļӣ޹Ҫ⽣ҪҪ޹ߵףңлᣡ
ȷֹأǶ߶ԣǿһЩˣӦܹͨڣҺú˵¡Ϧַ˵漴Ŀ⿴ˣǰǰҪ󣬻ͨһм
˵գϦȡһöָӸ˶ԷһЩǱڵĹء
ǵһЦ´ָ˫۾ַҪͨҲ޲ɣǱ£ҡ
ߣַһ˷ҪһâַĿǰ˵ַ㣬ǰݼǰ
ֲ˹ݳȥ֮С
ǵɫһ䣬ַ㣬ŭôĵӣ㾹ȻҾž޹֮
ַзâ¶ŲȻ䳯ǰһ̤һ֮ڶԷϣַĮ³һ֣
¡һ屻÷˳ȥ³һѪɫ԰ףȴַ˵һ󱲣˶˵


1577 Ǭ
޹ڣַķʱһӰڿն𣬳߹
Ϧַ㣬ͷ΢΢£ַǰ޹û뵽ַ㾹˰Եֱھ޹⶯֣˿̾޹ǿߣβźã
ֻʱַ㳤Ʈǰ̤ÿһڿռ֮У·붯··˲Σһֵĳǰ
־޹֪֮˱ֲڸ𶯣Ŀַ㣬ͬʱ峯ȥȵǿ߽١
Ц֮ˣַŲȻٶһ̤·һɴ˲֮һڶԷϣʹƺһ漴ַֻʥûһֲӡ͵ĽԷסŲǰ̤˲ϢٶԷǰ
˱ӡסʱɫӵĲ԰ַ˵Ǿ޹֮ˣң
ӡתѹ£¡һ촫Ѫӿֻо飬ͬһ̲ݺݵڵϣϡ
ڴʱԶ֮Ѿ̤նĿַ㣬ǿɱŶ
Ǻˣھ޹ʱȺ֮أһ۷ǿĿַ㣬ŭ˵
ַ㣬ǰݻǰȴ뱻һ󱲳裬Եѵַڡ
˲ޱȣĿ޾޹ʦ֣ɱ·ŵĿ죬˵ַɨ¿գһɺ֮£ʱͶȻ佩ַ֮ɥʧ˵
γģʱ۷ַ֮㣬ܱ֮أ޹Ϊδ˸Ҷ޹һ֮˽٣Ȼھ޹ҰҪݻʦֱŵӣֱǷʦڣ޹ô
Ϧ˿ɫ΢Щ԰ף޹Ϊǿ۷޵֮ǿ֮ˣַǿƣȻҪԿͷ
ǰַԾ޹ز̫ղҪ޹ߵףʱŭ⣬ֽѵġϦǾ޵ӽһ֮ˣЦַĮ˵Ȼˣھ޹ߵףȻԼұ㵱ˡ
Ϧ˻ʱɫһƬ̶ַ˽⣬Ҫھ޹ߵףǲ֮£뵽ʼڴַ޹ˡ
ַĿĮԷ漴ŲȻһ̤һ˫ֲӡֱӳž޵ӺݺȥǴӡתſħ⣬ͬһʯƣЯߺ˵Ĵ֮һ£·ƱɫŭХһ޾صѹŶԷѹȥ
Ǿ޵̫ӶȻɫһܵǹɿֲѹֻоҲ£̺ħԼֲ޴ذҽǵĺĽڴ֮У֮ʱ˸ойɻ㣬ѹ
ΪĻǿƣ
޵ɫ԰ףһ޷ƽ⣬˿屻˴շѹţԶֻ㾡ȫһֲŭХ֮˫֮УѹµĿȥ
ܱ֮˿ʦֶԿַ㣬Ȼɫһ漴׷̤Ųַ㡣
¡һֲײ޵ӱշѹѪӿҪѿһ˫Ĵ£Ҳݺݵ˵ϡ
ַŲһ̤ԭգħЮ֮䣬˶ܵһѹ٣ǵ岻ͣӲĽַջأ֮·ʱܻǵһ
ǿǿ˹Ӿ޹ͬϦյİ³Ӱͷ΢΢ţַսδ̫ǿƿ£ҡ
ʱַֻ彵䣬ôվھ޵ߣͷĮĿŶԷ㻰ԣɱ
ַ£ɱӶڶԷϣ޵ɫ԰ף˰Ե˹ʵȴǿʢް㷴
޼ۣסδ޼۹ںηַ͸ԷĶĤ˫ħ֮ͫ·ҪԷ־ѡ
޼ۡ޼۹޵΢΢û˵½޼۵Ĵڡ
Ҳ֪δ˵΢Щ־Ŀַ㣬֮·ʱѡ
½˭ʵǿóַĿ˸ٴʵڰ˻ƿңھʮƹ޼ƬС磬ֻӵһƺš
Ǭۣ޵ӺԥĻش˵漴ظһûǬۣųƾ½һˣ˵ڴ½¶棡
޼ۣǬַۣ૵λ֮䣬Ƿһˣ
Ǭ۾ںεأǷе۹ڣַٴĮʵ
ǬǣһǬųǬ֮أǬУ࣬˾֪Ǭ˵ĵ۹ӽ˵
ڴʱɺ֮ѹȻ䳯߽٣ַ档
ʦ֣ʱȺһĺŹˣȻλʦ֣޵ʵʵǿޱȣ˿ɿ⣬֮»ûʲô֣Ǵʦ֣Ѿǧ֮⣬֮µˣѹ֮£˿Կ⡣
Ϧʱһλ޵޷Ըˡ
䣡ֻ޵˶һ̤ղİǴذ壬ɽѾＫް壬ϿȥǷ
ַ建ڿգŲ΢̤ϦߣϦ棬漴ǰ̤ǰȻǾ޵˵Ķӡ
ַ̤ǰһ³ħ䡣
Ⱥĳ鴤ַλ޵֮˾ҰԵ˹ֱ޷졣
޵˶Ҳ΢΢һ䣬â֣ɽİͬһɽһҪַѹ
ߡַ̹ǣȻ䣬ǧ֮ٶԷϣ޵˶ɫ˲佩·岻Լƿء
޵ؾ޵ǧ
ַ̤һǳ鴤漴ϵѹȻʧΣ͵ĳԱƶÿһ·ַϦӰ߹˭赲
ַ㿴δԷһۣǰǰһˣǾ޵µһӣʵ죬ųƷԲ֮µһˡ
Ծ޹߳ȥ𣡡³һַһǧƣ˴֮˭ܶԷš
ַŲɣɱⶸȻ䳯˳֮ϣһɹޱߺ֮ͷŶͻȻ仯һӰʧԭء
ɱ޵µһ˫ȭƿգȭһУѹ˷ӵǧ֮ƿؼްϾȭնڲ
ѣַһ³ӰڶԷǰȭԷײһɿֲ޹Ⲩɢһ̷·նֹ
˵ĿⶼĶǰһĻ·´ʲô㡣
꣡һ촫漴ιַǣϦ֣һʧǵǰųƾ޵µһ˵Ĵӣ彥Ŀѣ漴¡һѿ·ӡַ֤Ļߣ


1578 ۹
޵޵µһӡԲ֮µһˣ
ڶƺżһ޹Ľ壬ҫޱȣȻʱȴ˵ĸɴ࣬һ
ӵǧҫǿߣôһȭ嶼ըѵˣַ̫̫ǿ
֮޵У˿ȴƺЩ̶
޹Ŀ⿴ԶѾʧӰڲֹҪƽ࣬Ǿ޵˶Ӹǻ͸亹أղǲ߿һ´˿ҲǸˡ
ĴʦʵΣƿ˼ްҲ̤޵ĲΣڴʦֵǰԲһ֮УȻΨһȭʦ֣
һȭѣжǿ૵һ粻ת
뿪ַ㲻֪޹ʲôʱѾϦǰǬǵ·ϡ
ǬСһˣǬ۹Ǭ֮УôǬۺпܾ޼ۡ
ңСѾ٣óĴ۸˵޼ڴжпֲɼϵ֮ǿС֮УһҲȫпܡ
պ֮ϣڿգַĿǰȻһǣǬǣˣ
ַ̤ǬǵУϦַӰĿ¶ֱɫضǿĿ꣬·һյװ㣬ӵпµս׼ܹųƾ޵µһӻȻԾ½·һֵ֪⣬Щ½֮˼˾֪ģϦʱɣǲһֱɽпޣֱΪгɲ
Ȼܹչؿ޵־粢ӵսȷһ֮ܺ¡
֮Ϧȫ͸ַ㣬Ϊ֪½ֻǾ½һǣǧеһСѣľ½磬֪˲ŻַôĪ
ϦУַ㲻أһ飬ʹ˻ȴַһûãԷɶ䵭ġ
ַĿɨ¿գǵ֮ΪҪǿϦڵǳأ伶֮ɼǿ߶٣żȻ仹ܿλɲʣȻһַ㲢ûйϵֻΪǬ۶ƬСһǬۣǷ޼ۡ
ȥ̽Ǭ۹λãַһʱ¿շ򣬶Ȼ併һλ֮˵ǰʵ£
˴ַһۣӦΪɵɫùЩ
Ǭһλַʵ
Ǭ֮ɫ΢£ʹַһɫʵ˻
ǰЩǵУǰǬ֪Ϊ˵һΪַָǬλá
ַٶڿնȴһЩ뷨Ȼ⼸Щ˴̽ǬȻԶˣ֮ǰܾþѾͨͭƬȷ˵۹֮УðսأֽĽƬ硣
ǬδǬǵ֮أһǵıԵͷΡ빬ҲͬһǱһֻһȴһͷǿȻǳȣҰ޷ľͷ˵Ǭ۹ݺǧ򣬺½һûһǬӵĺ׳ۡ
ַǬ⣬Ҳ嫵۹һѣһ۹ͬһǳذ㣬ңһУΨһϵ۹ţɫп֣Ϊ޼
޼۹ַϵ۹ϣ˵۹ȻöͭƬ϶Ϊһ֮ʱֵϹСĵ۹Ӱǰĵ۹е޼۹
޼ϦĿҲڵ۹ϴ֮ϵ޼ַ֣һֱѰҵˣ޼ôǬ۵Ǭ⣬޼֡
ѵַе޼ۣıǬۣ
ҵˣַ૵޼۹ڵС棬֪֮ǰж̤ȵ۹֮š
ַҿ϶Բǵһģ֮ǰܾãҵˡ
ʱַͻȻܵһĿԼϣ漴ɨգ㿴˺Щ˵Ӱ
ЩȺ֮Уַ㿴˲ϤӰһ̤ϽͨƬСаˣ֮ǰѾһЩҵˣң඼ǿߣЩ˵Ķ죬ȻǴ֮Ҳ²⵽ǬۣпܾǴ޼ۡ
䵽޼۹֮⣬ȴֳˣǻڵ۹֮⣬̤С
޼ɱǿʢޱȣ޾ɱֲǿߣĵ۹ôǰȺȴЩɲڣڵȣȴһû·ˣ񵱳֮ʱ˴ͷ·ζϣǲŽЩˣĺܣҪĪĻȴֻἫϧԼ
ʱԶӰַ̤֮ͫһַתԭ˺Ȼ½Ңͬ˵꣬½Ң˵ʱ˦Ƭռֿڰ;һҵΪԼĶѾ㹻ˣȴû뵽Щǿߺַ졣
Ҫ̤۹ңǲԸȣ뿪ɣַϦ˵Ϧ£ַ㣬ˣǬ۵Ĺӣ㾹ȻҪȥ
Ǻεȴڣһܹ׽ַ㾹Ȼ̤۹ϦַǷˣһɻΪַһʼѰ޼۹ѵ鲻ɣ
Ϧ룬ַĽŲѾǰ̤ȥˣӵ޼۵һ˵۹֮⣬ܲȥһԣȻǬ۱޼ۣôȻǬȻɣһ۹Ƭ磡


1579 ·
ַ㳯ŵ۹ȥϦɫ΢һҪ̤۹
Ϧܱһֱŵ۹˿ַĽŲͷҲ΢΢˲˾ȻҪ۹ѵаղɣ
޼ۣųƿǧʮǧСܻ֮ڵ۹ɱ֮أ˶ܽѾ˵۹⣬ǲԶģֻڵһѣ˿ַ̤ĽŲòͷ¡
£ʱһַУʹַŲ΢΢ֹס漴ֻһ³۵߻ߵЦ˵޼޵Уضҽȥôĵӡ
ַƽ³һۣϺЦȴһֲʵĸоַ׶Է̽Լ
Ϊ޼е۹УȻܲȥԡַ㺬Ц˵ƽûа㲨öԷ׽͸֮С
ãû뵽ССһǰҲиӦ³ɺЦַȴԽԵ١
Ǳлǰˣַδа㲨漴ǰ룡
ȰɣںҲܶСշ³ߵ˵ַ΢΢ͷ΢ЦŻعŲǰ޼۹̤ȥȻ·֮ˣԷΪ֮սַ㲻֪ҲﷴԷһ֮˸˶ֱշѹȥˡ
Χ˼Ӱĳ޼۹ȥʱһδĿҪ̤۹ҲԱֵˡ
֪Щʲôߣʱ½Ң˵漴˸ʱԵһֱַķȥ˿һĻĶƮ֮ʱ˷˸ַĽŲŵ۹ȥַеǸңڰ಻סˡ
ַԹ˲룬̤̤޼۹֮£ʱѾߵȺ嫵۹ǰ޼ҫĿ֮ת֮⡣
ַ̧ţ漴̤֮ţȻ䣬崩Ŷ˵۹ڲ
ַǰֳţÿһ֮ϣпֱ֣ΪǬ룬ת⻪֡
ַһ̤۹ַߣź΢΢¶һĨЦݣС˵Ųţ
ҲȽšַƽ˵ĿжʱһĨЦ⣬ȻȴַȻҲȽţ
Ŀ⽩£漴Ц޼ۼ۹ַ֮ǰԲȫΪ·С׼ţ
ɣַ㵭˵漴Ųǰ̤˵һţǬţ
޼޼ͭƬڴ½֮ϣƵᣬûаη֮ģܿܵõʲôĿ˸ͣаţҲַһ̤Ǭš
ߣ½Ң˷׷׸ϣǬ֮У漴˸⣬ڳȺѡǬš
Ǭ֮󣬳ǰһʯףÿһʯ֮Ͼֻּ֣
ʯ֮£һ֮ϢĪĿֲϢ·ֻҪ̤һ·
·һ˲䣡ɫ΢Ŀⶢǰ֮·ɫΪÿ·Ƕ˵һֿµɱ
Сѣ·ߣӦɣ߶ַ㵭ЦţĿ͸Ž֮⡣
ǰ·δ߹֪ߣַ¶Ϊ֮ɫʱ¶֮⣬ĵС˵Ц𣬼ȻϷ֪ܲ
ǰԸ˵ַЩá
ߣĮɨַһۣ漴建ǰ̤·ǰ䶸ȻӶʱһһ̨֮ϣ̼䣬һɻĹⲨ̨֣ݻһУֻͣ˶ݵʱ䣬ǹϢʧԴݻڳκһˡ
ȺһĻɫ΢΢ˣԵòÿֻ߻תַЦСѣ㿴·ɣ
ַüͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼ֪ιȥ潫ӣ·ˣдûд޼֮е֪·ͼ˴Լ̽·ԼǱɡ
ǰ۹󷨵ȵҵȣҪЭо·ߣ̽·ַĿⱣƽͣ˵
˵Ķԣ̽·վСҲвٿȴҵȣ֮ģʱһλǿƽ˵ַ֮ͬԡ
ΪǸΣ߿˵֮ˣʵ
·߷м֣ʮζű·һζ߾·һ·Ϣ·ղѾԹвͨſǰ֡
ǿƽڣ漴ŲǧӶڵһ̨֮֮ϣȻ·ûж
ʮƲϻӶ֮ڶȫ·âڵʮ̨֮ʱ֣֮һС
пǾһǿ߻ڣ漴»ӶۣŲһȻһ֮ûֱ֣˰
˶Щ˽⡣ַ㿴һۣа⣬·߷ȷǾһ
˵Ѿ̽ղǱϾԹ֮̽ṳ̂ˣû˸̤·
Сѣһ֮·֣ɡٴνĿתַ㣬Ц
ַĿһۣ漴΢΢ͷãС
˵գַͬһ磬̨һһ̤һ˵̨֮һƬռ䣬ȴû˸չȥģȻ·ڴˣնУɡ
ȫȥˡȺ¶һĨ⣬漴׷̤ǰ׼·
λ𼱣ⴥ·ʱߺЦǰ
˵գĽŲ̤˳ȥͬؾһ֮·Ĳܿ죬ֻҪƬ̾ܵ˰Ȼڴʱַֻһĺâ֮жȻһƽâ֡
·ǲʲô㣬ĿⶸȻ̧𣬶ַ㣬ɫȻˣȵʲô
Ҫַ䣬âննһ̨֮֮ϡ
ңǿŭһ͵һץȻһ̫ˣǰǫ̂ףַĽһ˲㽵һ̨֮֮ϡ
ˣֲĻ֮գʲҽһǻ֮£ԹĶַ㡣
ΪԼж֪ôġַĮ³һȺͷ΢΢ţǿΪǣַΪ̽·ȴַϣȷԩ
Ųʵɫ峹׵ˣַתֱӲһţ


1580 ޼δ
޼۹ڣǬţʵŽΪ·Ҳ˵Ϊ·նͨ۹֮أֻ·߲ͬѡ
Щ޼һַָļ䵱УûöͭƬ۶ɵġԿסҪ۹֮أѣҪʮһأЩԸΪΪֻҪ޼ֻҪɣΪǿڷ񣬺ܷﵽ޼۹ûκιϵ
ҪźİʮһأΨп⣬Ȼ޼۲ɱ֮ˣ̤۹ǲһζǰУ·ģҪ۹ûԿָ̫ˡ
ڵ۹֮ʲôַԼ֪ˣ۹ҲǾ԰ȫģǰ;δ֪֮
ϣаҪ̤۹֮Сַţδֹаһ̤أΪаߣĵ۹ܴаһ̣ڵĻаҵ˵۹̤룬Σա
Ȼַаçײ֮ˣѰҵ۹Ҳֻһѣûõ޼۴Уĵ˵۹⣬ϣ֪Ѷˡ
Կסַڵ۹֮гͨ裬ͨһأַʼ˸棬ЩѸ̤·ȺǼַ֮ʱ׷ַ㣬û뵽ȻĲ߹ɱأַǰ·ؽΪ͸ǲ֪ǣܶأַûȥϢ̤
Щ˴ϲһ棬µıǸַ㣬ַҲδǣڵ۹ͥŲţ׷֮ˣƶûйϵ㡣
ӵľг֮⣡ǵһǿ߿ǰַӰаַںǷ棬ԸţǶȥֻҪУ³۵ǿߣַΪ̽·ڷַܸһ·ǰС
Ƭ۹漫ΪַͨһصٶȲν죬ɹ˰ҵʱ䣬ŵ۹֮أ̤䵱еһš
ַ̤ŵһɲǣʱǰһƬµأεոڿգٲˮ֮ϣӡַģһɽڣԼмһĸ߷塣
ǡַĿһмɽۣ֮һӰϥɣǣûкûͬһܰ㣬̫ʵͬһңȻַйһ֮Ե޼ۣһģһ
ʱַֻоȻ䲨漴һâü֮ƳȻһ֮⡣
ֻԿֱӳ֮е޼۶ȥܿ죬ֱû뵽޼۵ü֮·ع鱾˰㡣
ǣַͷ΢΢鴤£޼۵һȻסعһûк޼Ӱˣѵûκβ壬޼֮
΢ַ̼併Ǹ߷֮ϣҪ޼۵
䣡һɿֲȻַϣ嵯˳ȥ
סΣַâǾֲ棬޷
ѵ޼۵޼۲֮ͭƬ֮УҵΪλַа󵨵Ĳ²о඼΢΢ѵ޼ۣδ䣬ڵ۹֮Уλ
ȻˣΪ޼ֽ۹һƬС磬ѵڶ˭
Ӱһڿնַ㿴ǱĿ޼ȷ˵ûκȴ·ԵľֹУûκ춯Ǹղַ֮λַһˡ
ʱַˣЩַҲ̤Ƭռ䣬޼۵֮ʱȻҲ¶һĨɫа²˭
ϵʱղ·ǿַߣĿͬǰ޼пֲ󷨣ӰΣոǱ㴥ˣŻᷢɣ
û˵ĻӦ޼ۣղŵȷҴ󷨣ǿַ֪ߵǿ߶оڻӦһ
޼۵Ļô޼ۣܲһ̺ܴľ֡ǿ૵Ȼ޼۵
һ漴гöͭƬȻ޼ͭƬ
Ȼ䣬һֻöͭƬ֮ϣһ̳޼۵ȥһĻǿĿٶһ͡
޼ͭƬ֮У̺޼۵һ֮öͭƬһܹһַ㻺˵̤۹ֻҪ޼ͭƬһ֣޼۵Ὣ֮ˡ
㿴Χɽ֮ϣǿߵĿɨΧһɽڣƬռ䶼ΧַѾɽ֮ϣвЩѾպϣϢһЩǿǣ·ʱ̤н
ߣһХֻ֮Щֱַ̤ɽϵĶ֮Уַ߹˰ʮһأ񣬸ǻûʱ˰ɣ֪ⶴ֮Ƿ޼۵ĴС
ַ㲢δ̤붴У˿ܱɽڻкܶපڣһʱЩӦöΪ޶׼ġ
ǰοַԵǿʵ
Ҳ֪ȥ֪ˡǿЦַ΢΢˵ͷ峯ɽһ˸ȥ
Ȼʱֻһһо˳ַĿⲻ䳯￴һۣ漴Ŀ㶨ǣͷݺݵĳ鴤£۾ɵùԲ
ַǰһʿʿַ֮΢΢۾һ϶ЦĵС쵰㻹û
ϻ쵰ţôǰ棡ַݺݵıʿһۣôкộӰӣ


1581 
֮Ȼ׵ǻ쵰ַòҵ޼۵ĵ۹ȴϻ쵰Ѿˣ֪Ѿ˶ãѾһ߳ˡ
ʱδϲĻ˵ǱȽеġ
ϲôδṳ̂λʣַЦʵʱ׵۷˷ۣһ㵱䰡½޾ܵϯλһʾ඼ķƾ£ǧ꣬ʾ֮󣬸һһ㱾޵УҲӾķԾɡ
׵۷ַЦЦҲֻʣ쵰ڣδй֮ԽԽӽյľ磬ٶȿʼҲ֮£ȶһΣƾлҪ̤ճɾ̸ͣס
ϯλ֮һܻ׵˵ˣң˻ľ֮أ嫵֮Ϊƣʺεϡ٣ձǿͬһ֮ڶֻ࣬Ϊ˿ڻ̫Ӵܻ޾µ磬ԼԪûɵȥжˣΪ֮
ЩעʾЩȴڰٻλ̣ĲпᣬΨǿһֱ棬ע̭ΪǱ̭һԱֻвϵıǿżԪıǨ˵Ҳ˵䡣
ˣУ֮ʲôַ׵һʵ
絽һʱ⣬ⶴ֮ʲôúȥܰɣȻǺö׵˫۾΢΢Ŀ⿴޼ۣ¶һĨǳֵɫץʱ򣬲Ҫ˷ʱ⣬Ҳϲļһ뱾۵һأ
ַ㿴׵΢΢˵ͷȻ׵˵ĺһָʲô׵ҲΪ޼ۿδͭƬ֮У÷ڴ½ӵ޼ͭƬ֮˱ػ취ҵ۹һ۹ǱὫͭƬȡãȡ޼ͭƬλַͬ޼۵һѾԺУֱָ֮Ӵüгλ޼üġ
ȥɣ׵۶ַ˵һҲüַɣȻַԼŻҲԺһˣ˸׵̤һС
ַûֱͣ׵۸ղڵһ̼䣬һƹĻ̤һɲǷ·պ˰㣬ַǰһ·
ⶴֻãһ·˸߲ݡ
ַعͷһ۱պϵĳڣ֣֮΢ЩҼӲǹĻ·βƵʯǽ档
ַ΢΢Ȼ˹Ļ֮ϣȻַȴоĵط֮ͬʯ᲻ɴݣĻδа㶯ҡ
ʹַüͷ΢΢£Ȼ䲻ƣô˵޷ˡ
һɿµַȭУȭâ֮һƿһе۳һ쫷硣
ѣַһȭܹ״ݻһɽ塢ħԳĴڹĻ֮ϣûжҡֺһɿµķַ֮ϣʹַĽŲݺݵĦ漴ײ˶ұ֮ϣǹɼӲĴоۣⶴǷյĶ
ϲľȻûһַа̰һ漴ûмԣղһ֪жǿɶҡ˹Ļֺɼܹƿ˵ģ±׵ǼһﶼһƿܽܳĶ
ַߵǹĻ·з漴ϥǷ·ΪԼ̻õһλãȻ䣬Χ··תøӵĿˣͻı仯δַ㾪ȣǰı۾Ȼ׵ܴ߳ȥ˵гȥģܺĻ·йء
ת·ߵַͷϿգеĿռ䶼üʱַоԼѾǴһƬСĿռˣһƬ޴Ŀռ䣬ռ֮У·ԼǰƮţ漴ϵӡŵ۾ԺУ·Ϊ㡣
󣡡ַԺǰ·Ʈһ޴ּȻ֮һ֣ԺַļȡǲûԼԺеһмԼ·ɰٴ㣬գɽڼһܱܿ޼۵С
·ã֪ô嫵ļȫ䵽ַԺ֮УȻЩ䣬֣õǧеһ
ַ֮૵ܸٵһ䣬Ϊ֮
֮֮ȡ֮֮ߣ֮֮ûȡ֮֮ơ
ַ㼳ȡҪмأˣŻ󣬱˵ǰ׵һ徧ʯһЩȣеǿ޼۵У˲õ󷨡
гɾ֮ˣҪˣͷԼԼȥصֿʥƣɾ͵󷨣֮һֻǿȻҪ÷ǳ󷨣ѣҪǳʱ䣬Ҫͨƣ֮һ𣬲ܷӷǳǿ
ǿߣأһ֮䣬ͨӵв˼ΰ
磬ôط֮ˣͨΧеĴطУֱ֮ͨƬط۳ƣ̻Χķ֮ӳޱȿµһ֮رɫȻҪﵽ־磬֮£ֻ޾ƣ㹻һˡ
еһȫ߸ַ֪ʦܹһΪط


1582 ҡ
أռ֮һ֮һ֮䣬̳Ǻε
Ҫ֪ÿһǿ󷨣۶ɣܸԣʥƶɣνʥִʣһһأΪʥƣַҲ޹ʥƣ˿Լ̻ʥжôǳƾ賬ǿԼ͸һбԴ츳֪ʥƵÿһʻ··˿ףЩ·Զǿ֮ƣʥƹ֮ͨǿᣬΪУӡ
Ҫ̻һǿʥƣӳʥͨҪ˽ʥƵÿһ·ɣ·Ժ̳ʵģ̻Ҳܳʥ֮ȴڻεģǿ󣬺϶֮ࡣ
ÿһǿ߶ΪǶܿʥƣӳڴ˿̵ַ㿴ǲΪֻ˵ġ޼۵󣬲ÿһÿһ׼ǧܻɡǧʮǧСɡʮǧС·̳ÿһ·𡢹ѹΪĶġ
ȻֹǧԼʮǧСֻ޼۵һ˵֮Уʥƿ̳󷨣ʵϵĿܣȻǰԼҪȥϣʮǧСҲ󣬵޼ֻǧһƿʮǧСԼǧ֮ʱһбȻףܻ󣬸ƣУ
ַϤ޼۹ԼԺеļ䣬ɵоĲͬҪģǴеһˮʼɲΡٳˣ۳ܹϯص˳
ңܸмأΪÿƿصǲͬģҲ巨֣ʲôְ߷ơɾͺԲͬİ߷ͬһ󷨣ȫͬģ˵Ҫ֮ôذ߷ȻʺϣҪ֮Իûͷǿɱ̫̻֮ΣҪʺ
ҪΪǿʦҪƿضְ߷޼ۣܱƿ˶֮ˡַа²ţƿ˶ſԿ̳ϵ룬޼ҲһƵˣȻҲп޼ֻԵһȥ
Ҫƿ˶Ҫ̻ܿһסַĿ΢ơƿһ֮⣬ǧ֮һԴذ߷֮ЧǿΨн̳ӡǹĻʯ֮ϣ̤ܽȥ
ʹַ΢΢鴤£Ҫƿǧ֮һ߳ȥδ̫̣ѵܱ߽ռʯǧÿһǧ֮һɣж˱õڶ֮У
뵽ַͷ˲޼δҲ̫˰ɣ̲ȥҪ̳ǧ֮һ̸ףһЩƫ˶ԣʮ궼̲´ʱѾн붴˺˰ɡ
Ȼγһּƿزǧ֮һԶȥھأǱȫ
ǧ֮һβ֪ҪˣַЦѣЩĻˣǧǿᣬûʯסܷ
ƿһУ±ǿһҪ֮࣬뵽֮У޼᲻ݡ
ңһ;Լ֮ϣβˣõ
׵ѩɽʥ󷨣ʹð֮ԴԴԪۣӴسΪʥأ󷨸ǲȱٵĻڣʦ֣ûУôܷӳƳɹıٿ󷨣ǿ
ԼβϣҲá
ַɱĿʼһַԼһ·֮УȻĿʱᶯһһ̣һһճһһ򵥳͵һһ۶ɣȴ·͸ַ֮Բ̻ģܹͣյУϾơ
ҪǳԵ𣬲ΪӪճɾǧҪ׿һ׵Ǽһﱾ;ͨ˵Ѿһ֪꣬߳˼ֻһĻǱԵЩֲˣ׵۶һʱǧ֮һѶȿ֪
һ֮֮Уַָ̻·Ѿܽƿ̾һΪʥ֮ѾǺܿˣȻַȴаЯʥ֮ʮǧСĻʯС̳ɣڶԣ̫ˣ׵ǼһںǰѾܹһһʥˣǼ򵥵һһ֮УŸϸ΢Ķ̳ɵ·ȴһ˲ɣǧĽԼǰҲǻεʥ֮
ν£ʱ󷨴ʦһչرǵָǧ꣬ûַ޼ָȥȥ򣬶ȫԼѶȸ޼۵ǧÿһԣ޼֮
תۼ䣬ţַСԺ֮СжΨݲκ֮֮һУȫԸ˿ַǰѾһС۶ˣǱַ֪һ԰ʱ̳ܿСȻ̾ϵ츳
ڴУһ󷨴ʦżȻõ޼۵ǧ֮һ㾡Լȥȥ̻ʮ꣬ظֻ̳֮̾ܿΣӲʮ֮һ˾̾޼ǧĿ¡
һȥִַӰд£¶һĨʧɫ
һˣ૵һһûκ飬ΨпȫľУûκԽԽķ̫ˣ֪Ҫöʱɣⲻַ˼ֶҡڣɻͣڿ̻СĽ׶Ρ
ʵַѾ㹻ˣñ֪ĳ̶ȣȻоÿ˶ͬ׵;ͨ󷨵ģʱһУ½ҢѾ׵ķˣûټǧ֮һǿʼоĽȣʮ궼һеǷϣɴϣͻʾ磬ӶĻʯǿƿ


1583 
һӴͨأ̤ƬС磬ҵ˵۹
ǬۺųСһˣֻҪٵƬϣܹ²⵽Ǭۺ޼ۿϵֻҪ￴۹һ۾ף޼۹ˣֻҪܰȫĵִСУ۹㲻Ѱ
ʱĴУԽԽ˴̤أѾԴ޼۹صУ⴫һʱ֮ʱðս֮УǼ硣
Ȼû֪Ǿ񱩹ͨǿĻʱ񣬽ϵǿ˦˳ȥǻľ֮УıϣŴۼǿߣƺɣҲҪ˵ģһε˶ԣֻ˵Ǹѣм˴˵֪û֪һ¼
һУַȫ֪
ʱüͷĿ˼ɫãг³૵һ;ҪϽһһ̴ʧбݣǧݶɣǧʮǧСݶɣν޼ûм¡ûݣ޼ֻҪҵ㹻£Сݳ޼ǧӿµĴʱұһ޼
ַţ޼֮˿ֲɾͣıǧԼʮǧСݶԣѾȥݣǧݳǿ󷨡
뵽ַ΢΢һʱԼԲ̻֮·ˣûмȥ̻СǴͷʼһһһһѹһһ㣬ϵظÿһϸ΢Ķѭֹ
֪˶ãַһ䣬һ·ͣһ·֮Ĳ·̺Ȼ
ûκεͣ٣ַٶĳĶ֣˲ظ⶯ַ㲻ǰ̻СҪڼ֮͡
׵ǼһѾһ׶˰ɣַеһʵĻϽһһԽûȥⰴ޼۵ȥ󣬶һһݳ󷨣ݳʧܣּݣ˷·棬޷԰Ρ
紺ȥԵ򣬴ҴҹָһӼ䣬񣬾ַ̤޼۹֮ãûù˳ʱ䣬һ󷨣ȴδأ档
ʱ۹֮أΧʯϵǧѾر˽֮࣬ɼжƬС磬Ͼ㵽С磬ܹ̤۹Ҳһ׵飬ʮһأǲСĽҾ֮ͨ޷ͨ
ʱǧеһڣһλǿĿЩ૵󣬵Ӵ޼֮ҲŸоǳǰΪǿʢԵÿЦһ˿ΪǸ֪ǧ֮һҲ֪Ҫ೤ʱܹ͸߳ⶴ
ûн_һ򼴱ҲֻǱڴˣ֮󣬲֪ܷȥǿ̾Ϣһ޼۵ĴУҲôõõģ򣬶֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬һǧ֮һ󷨵⽫ɱ䣬Ժ󼴱Ϊɿȥ˾
ûģһ;ԽԽѣ̤֮Ҫǰһ죬֪ԼԶһ޷ˣ̫ķʱ䣬ɻԸȥǿ߶ԣʱ̫̣һǧ궼Ϊβǿ
ǣô
ԱߵĶ֮Уһλ۵궢ǰʯţзâ˸֮ˣǷǳóļ壬ڼУԲνǿΪλʣѾɱͬǿˣȻ޼۵ǧ֮һɸоΪû⣬Ҫʱ򣬶Զȥ֪ʱܳɹ
ˣЩкܶǿߣλʶв٣ǽ붴Ѿ֮ˣȴоƿңңڣΨһ⣬һȴû˿ǵĵʿ⼸ʱѾʮˣˣӵĻԼǿԽ󣬻ԽɣʿѾڻźʱǧȫɨˡ
磬֮⣬ԶһɽӰɵĴѾʱˣǾڰǰ֮Ѷص˶ֻĿƬأûа취̤С
ʱһɽ֮ϣ곽Ŀ⿴ƬأһʧɫȻһʧֻ˲ʧˣ۹Եˣôǿǰȥ׷Ѱ۹ڻûһ˹δ֪ҲԼûܹǰȥǺ£ңΪԽľѾʵıˣֻһ׼ɽչһΣܷлԵϯλ
ҵ츳֮ʰ绹ǲ˲٣ѹʦʰǰӡ곽վ૵ʰǰ̤ʣһֱڣǿ޷ٻλҲһһֱ۷֮Ѿǿ޵ûƿǱϡ
Ȼ곽٣ɻһ;ôףһ̤һײ㣬ĻԵδʵ곽ʹʵĻܳɹģȥôʹɾͷǲʣһУҪԼ
ַ㣬ؾ磬Ȼսǿ󣬵ʱ䣬ӦҲ֮°ɣһ̤ʾ곽ʱ룬ǷٳٲܵٻλǷΪַµӰȻţһַϯλġ
˿ŵˣΪͣͲǰΪַûȥȫǵ꣬ȫľ֮ˡ


1584 ۴
ʱ֮Уַǧ˫Ʒ·ÿһβӵ仯㣬˸оһõӰӡ
ƣַһʱһɿֲϯǹĻʯŶȥ¡¡Ĺصڶ֮Уһɿµľ뷴ַϣ
ݳ󷨣̫ˣ޷ƿʯšַ΢΢ҡͷԵЩʧ󷨴ʦĻ֪Ƿʱ䣬ѾʼԼݴˡ
֪ܷ߳ȥַ㻺ǰ˹Ļʯǰ漴һӡŹĻӡʱǧ··ܹݻͬʱַӡûƬ̵ͣϢǿļ޴ذڹĻ֮ϣ͸Ų֮Ϣһ··ӡ֮С
ַƲǧ֮һ޴·֮Уƽơ֮һУУ·Ƶ͸µ˼¡
ַ΢΢˺漴һӡȥʱâţֲ·ѹֵ˼£֮УĻתʯŹĻ·ʯţҲڻſһƹߴַϡ
ַ꣡Ӷ̧߳񷿴ȥȻ֪Ƭ춼Ǽٵģɸо泩ûôʱڻĺԶսҲǱʱѣȻȥʱ⡣
·˾޴ı仯ɣЩ͵޵εǿߣ֪û֮
˸ַ߳ⶴǧ֪֮ǧŰپʮΪ
ַɨ˶׼ٴ̤һǱޡ
¡ڴʱһɿֲ·Ҫݰ㣬ǿҵʹַ嶼ζüͷţϿȥʲô£
ǣӿµϿգƬڶҡ·ʱܱѵʹַɫ΢΢һôоڹ۹Ҫ嫵۹Ծǿǿƿ
ַܵˣ˿ǧе˶ܵǿҶµɵһ¶ɫʲô飬Ǳڶʲô֪
Ȼɿֲ֮·Ĭˣüͷַȴоһɸӿµš
Ȼһ̣һɿµľ֮۹һɽ֮϶һѺۣ޼ڵɽ嶼ˣ֮ϣַղѷɵ·ʱܻ
رѣɽϵѷԽԽ࣬һѷ죬ڣһ֮죬Ļ׵ıسַߵУֻ֮ϣһӰȻɫĳ趯˫ӷ·ܹ͸죬ֱ޼
һȥʮңһͬ룬ûţַ㶼ܹĸоһ޿ɵֵĿѹ
ۼĴڣַ΢΢һ۵Ӱһλۣܽ۹ƿ
ȻʱһµХʹزХȻֻ֮֮ϣһͷ񷶼ڵסѹȶ£һ̣յڣײ֮ϣ·춼Ҫ顣
Ϊ¾ҪһԲʱһɫչĻͣһĻſɫԲ̹Ļ֮ϣ޾·֮
һɫĹĻ֮ϣ֮Ӱʵ÷飬̤أͬһƿµΣ¿չĻĺȥһ̣һϯصķ籩۶ɣԶڿտֵ̼ڹâ֮ûʬ޴棬һȫҪ
屻÷գһ̤˲Ϣ޼ǰĮ˵㵹ǶùԶȻƬСУϧΪܹ赲ңĵ𣡡
˵գӰƳӡȥֲҪһжշѹΧһɿµĹĻ֣ʹ۴üͷ壬ĮЦôǿ֪⻤ס֮Ǻʱ̻ѵˣĵӣϵ裬˿ԼӦףֻҪҵ㣬ûκ·ߣ
һܻ֮Ƿ㵱֮ǿ۴˺һʼڻۣɫǴַ֮ԶԶı˿ҿ۴˵ĺһûϢԻǽԵˣ۴۵УΪ֮ˣͬһںͲûκ
ַ˺֮ʱ۴ǰѾ۳һɿµ籩ɫķ籩δɣл֮
ƣ۴гŰȻţӡ֮ϣޱΰһ㣬Ȼû˿Ϣ˷ѵ
꣡촫ס޼ƿ֮۴۵¶Ц
ãȻȻ۴۵ɫˣϵĹĻȻٵת·ݱ䣬ݱɱ̼֮Ҫ͸۴۵ϣ۴۶㿪Ѿסֱӡϡ
¡һ۴ӡһɽ֮ϣ¶һƲ԰֮⣬̼Կµķ֮·ɱɱ֮͸·ҪݻڵһС
ܻôܣȻܹܻˣ۴ĿⶢǰӰʱ޼ûжȻ˫۾Ȼſˣûкû˫۾ȴζĻˣ


1585 ޼
Ϊβܣˣʦ󷨣Ϊʦڡ޼ĿƽĿ۴ۣ˵
ߣ˶Ϊ޼츳жȴ֪޼֮ǵʥۣʥ֮УųΪ޼ۣ˲֪ȴΪҲ֪ôҵ츳㽫дңȻǿ۴۴ʯгڿգĮĿ޼ۡ
ڴʱλȻ޼۵ԣ˫޴ͫױ۴ۡ
һԵַ˵ĶԻͷ΢΢ţ޼۵ǵʥۣЩ֮䣬ҲΪ֪
ֻ޼ۻ֣ʱյһ·ɣֻһ䶴֮Ŷſ漴Ⱥ߳Ȼ߳һɲ㽩ĿһĶǰһĻ޼ۣˣң˺š
ںںһʦ𣬻Ϊʦԭ㣬ң²㡣޼ʼƽ۴ۿڵȻ۴ȴ͸һĨм֮⣬䵭ĵѵΪڲ㣬лң
ȻˣǱˣ޼ţʱǧ⣬ֱû뵽ЩȺü֮УһĻʹ۴üͷ΢΢£ʲô
п˵õҵһУһˡҲˣȻҲпܶûУ׷ǻ׷ңԼŰɡ޼¶һĨЦݣȻĽһµĹƸ֣˵һ죬޼صӰʧ
թļһ۴һâȻһץ漴Ե˱ĿסֱӴ͸ԷԺԷļ䵱С
ûУ͵һ屻ѣ۴۵Ӱգ޼׷ȥֽһһֵ̽޼ʲôûֻ⿴һ۱׷޼۶ȥûн˶һǼ˵õ޼۵һУԼû׷޼أЩ˻ɱ
ǾжȻ³һȺɫһ漴һ˸׷̤뵽ıϣҪǻȥԶߵ
ַ˸˲Ϣٵ˾ϣ˿üͷţаҲ磬˿̾Ҫȥаǻزȥˡ
ַ㣬Ⱥ֪ϵ׷̤Ͼ󱳲¡¡Ĺ촫ֻӴ񷣬Ѹޱߡ
αۣڴ˿ַֻ̣α۵һʧˣȻȥˡ
ҪԼء׵۵ӰȻʧͬʱ۹棬Ⱥڿգоղ˺Ǭ۵ĵ۹˿ִӵ۹Яô˳Ǭ۵ĵ۹Уô˽ȥˣ
ɫһ漴ǵ׷׳Ҫȥ׷
ǰԵƬ̡ʱַ㿴¿е˶Ȼһаڣ֮ͷŵ£Ǹ޷׷ϾĲ
ӴȻ۷죬˲ִϸ£Щͷ׷̤˾ıаҲ̤ˡ
ʱ¿գϦַھ֮ϣɵ΢΢һַһֱѰҵ޼۹ѵľǬ۵ĵ۹޼ۡǿܺƵ۹ǿߡַ㵽״
ûһֱǬǣΪ޵׷ɱˣҪҵַ㸴뿪һʱ䣬޵Ҳҵ۹еַ㣬ֱһǰֹڣſַӰһ·Ҫ뿪֪Ҫȥ
Ϧַ˦һöָ漴󻮹һĻȣ˲Ϣֳ񷣬ȴдӴ˴ˣֱӳޱ޼ʵ֮ϣʧȺߵС
ˣϦӹָʧӰǳĻУҪȥ
ѵƬ֮⣬𣿡ϦһζԼһƻɣ󵨵Ļɡ
ַȻ񷣬Ҳôȫģ޾еĻ֮Ǳ㵽أ֮أʹԼ崩գֲĻӺܵĹĻ֮ϣɶȱڣкü˷ǳùǶĻĹϡ
ԾȫƬΣյ򣬴ʱ֮УϵȺɸо£Ƭ羹Ȼֻôһڣ̫ˣͨۼǿҪ߳С綼ܡ
ַ㣬˵۹ʱаַߣַ㴫ʵղźգַһ¾һ۷ȻԾֻһ˲飬Щϵ˶ȴȫͬаЩһԼڵ۹⣬ĺѻȥˡ
Щûڵ۹ˣ֪ʲôʱܻصС
ȥˣȷ޼۵ĵ۹аʮһأǿ棬ͨʮһزܵ۹ǧÿһ޼۵ǧ֮һ
޼ۣǧа˻һâ޼ص޼֮
õһûͬһ;ȴаЦ˵û̫⣬ԼѡԼƾǽȥġ
а֪ǰЩ̤˵۹Ⱥв˶ڶкڣЩñ棬ãڶܻ߳ˣҴ޼۵УȻֻǧ֮һҲ޼۵ģǶ֮ˣޱȡ
űãˣΪѾ۷壬Ӧ׼ʾ˰ɣ㿴ңͣͲǰַ㴫Цڴһûź෴ǳ˷ܣΪõǧ֮һǵõǧ޼һûѡַ㲻֪ڸ֮Уǧ
ʱѣ㲻ʲôǵʾ֮Ҳǵָ֮£޼۵УŲɹļֵ


1586 ص
ʱ½Ңߵַа˵ߣĿ⿴ַ㣬Цַ㣬ΪѾأѵɾͣ
ַĿ΢΢ɨ½ҢһۣЦſ½ҢһۣĵǿС
ǿУ½Ңһ޼۵ǧǳ޵ģʦʱ䶼ʲôַ㾹ҿºڳǿУң˾Ľʱ˷֮ϣ֪Ц
ðʱֱ֪֮ӷʼ֮ѾӽʾˣһңĲڽ֮ҲţԼǰԼ׻ɱַ꣬㾹ûаͣͲǰǸɵ
½Ңԣ䣬ֻһмֵı޹ء
½Ңַߣ·ַ㣬˶սһ¡
ַ㣬㽣ǿʢʤһУȴʱ˷֮ϣЩĩãڶǰһܹͨοҵ֮ˡ½Ңƽľ˵·Ȱַ㡣
ַ㿴½Ң¶һĨЦɫ˵𣿡
½Ңַеķ֮⣬ɵߣҪΪַͣ㣬Ƿǹɷ֮⡣
½Ң˵ͷ
˵˹ɣԶЩַɨ½Ңһۣʹ½ҢɫһɫȻ䲻ÿַ꾳δ˿չȻ
վ½ҢһȻص֮ҵٴдһ
˵½Ң˿ַ㲢δȥ½ҢһĴڣûбҪ˼ڶԷϣ½Ңļ仰ַľĻַ㲻ַˡ
аԣ½Ңʦѩַһַۣ㻹ǺԭһǿƣĽܹأַ֪ʵΣǰַ֮ʱڵΪȻһδ䡣
Сѣʱһλǿַ£ǿǿߣַԴ˻кøеģʺƽͣǼթ֮ǱԼɱĺȥ̽·
ǰַǿ΢΢ͷֻǿЦСѾͲҪǰǰĺˣԵ裬ľױǡ
һǳƺľǰɡַЦ
ҲãС⼸ΪûнϿ򡣡ľ׿ַ½Ңһַһ̤޼۹ģַΪɳϣǼͣƽ֮һն̨֮ϣҪһλʵȻϽʱȫϣȻĵ
СɣȴЩͻأġַǫ˵ֹСɶѣ׵֮⣬ʱǧ֮һ߳˶޼ۻὫǧȫ֮дڸ
Բѣ½Ңַ㾹˵СɣЦ֮ľ׵ȴһ˿ϲɫַǧ֮һ˵СɣջķˣҲǸš
СѣҲЩ⣬ȵȥ֮󣬲ҽУ໥ӡ֤ԷСΪΣľ׶ַЦ˵ַ㲻д뷨Ͼ˵ȻҪһҪö࣬໥Լĵãӡ֤Լ룬˼ά˫кôġ
ַ㿴ľ¶Ĺâͷ΢ԼһλǿڣδǼ£ֻǲ֪ľ׵Σ˵ַоԷߵһ飬Է¶һǱΪѰˣϾľΪжǿڶǺľ׶ȷܸȤ
ľײ֪ҵõ޼۵Уϳ˶һЩ⣬Ҳûܹһλʵĵطַţ漴ͷЦľǰԸ⣬ַûġ
ãҲһЩϣС໥ӡ֤ҲСɰɡľ׼ַӦΪˣûʵļӣַӦС
ͬһ±ֱвֶˡ
ľ׺ַĶԻ뵽½ҢĶУʹ½ҢɫΪÿ׼ȥ֮Ըַ㣬ַ㾹ҪһλʽС
ĹɲϺ˿ǾѾη壬ֱԾ޴֮Ĺ㣬漴ıϢ¶
ڹһЩʱ̣صıԵ֮أӴҲͣ
߰ɣȥ֮뿪򣡡³һص漴һӰ˸س뵽һͷһλصС
ַ˳صһɲǣԶȻĿ⳯޼۹λصϢѾˣ֪Ƭ򣬻Ϊٳ뿪ˣȺӴ
ˣԶȺĿⶢ߳صӰǾȻȻĴлˣǵһۿ߽ܻ߳ˣңһȺˡ
ˣһӰ磬˲Ϣߣ̼䵽߳صȺǰֻλǿⲽĿˣĮ˵ǵʲôطǷҵ˵۹
۹ȷ֮УѾ𣬱һλǿĴǿ١ľ׿ˣƽ˵һ
۹ˣȺɫ΢ңصС
½Ңаѩʱһֻһλǿ߱Žǽɽǿߣż˵
ã½Ңͷ־¸ʦų뿪ȫģЩ˶Ȼʵ۹Ϣ
аַ΢΢ͷ漴ѩһ뿪ΪɽкüλڣҲδֹﻹкܶˣʲϢ
ǽɽв˵ˣʶ˽ߣ⣬һЩʵǿʣֱ̤뿪˭ǡ
Ҳߡľ׿ЩȻƴ󣬵ҲֻʳϢѣʵַߣҲû˻ȻȺַ߿ĿЩʣµȺϣûдӻʵƫˣ򲻸ҶˣѾ˼Ÿ
ʱԶһϢľ׵üͷȻһ壬ַѸٵ˸˵ز˾
ľף߿˵˶ηٵ˸ţӲ淽뿪
޼֮߳ˣһ׼ߡһǵأƬ֣Ȼľ׺Щ뿪ٶȸɵӲŻԶ£ʱ߸ʱ
޼ַ΢޼ѵ޼йϵ
޼֮ĵؽ޼شǹ޼۵˿±޼֮ķ֪ͨ˸ϧվһ


1587 
޼ĵ֮䵽׷ʲôң˵ĶԻƺϵʥۡ
ľ׵ٶȺܿ£Խɽٶȴûа٣˭֪޼Ƿ׷ԶЩĺá
ַ㣬ķϣѰͻƻԵҲûʲôȥĵطⶼУҪһǰ֮Уľ׶ַЦԵľԸͣǷǳĻַҲӦͬС
׼ǰɽԵľǣľǰַ֪ľһϾŴɹ챤̫ƫƧ
֪һЩСһõطСƿȨǾŴɹ챤ܹǣ̷ǳûȥҲšľЦ£ãҲǱԵ֮ȥߣ˳໥ӡ֤ĻҲΪ
Ҳд⡣ַˬЦصŴɹ챤Ǳһʱգ˳㽫Ҳúһ
֮ԲҹΪҹҲвΪ޼۹߳޼۵ǳӣҹϰױ֪ƿ޼Ȼַ϶ǻܸˣ֪˻룬Ҫǣ֪ҹ˵뷨Ϊʱҹˡ
Ŵɹ챤ľ׺ַ㳤;з糾֮⣬ʱַѾһףһ˶ûмףٴλصŴɹ챤ݶˣ޼ľ
Ŵɹ챤޼ڵ֪ôңԶҪǰȥ޼Ƿľ˸ܣҼȥˣ޼ô״һôԣõıʶݡ
ȻַѾľ׺ˣľ׺һڣҲ޼֮ˣľףľʦ壬˶ǳġ
ַľûеŴеκһǣ˾Ŵɹ챤ƬֱŴɹ챤ŴҪŪһЩࡣ
ʱŴɹ챤һԺУַľʯ֮ϣľڶдеǻ֮Իû̻ǿݱþ޷԰ΣַûԼֻǶѾõȫδľף˵ѣ̸֮ʱҲֻǴӻ֮Լ֣һ໥Լеַ㵹ǲľ׵õ
޼۵̫꣬ҸоֻƤëַ㣬ˡţľ׸̾һЦ˲֪޼֮ͨ˺ˡ
Ҳ޼ûдκˣֻ۷ءַ˵
ҿ޼һѡһ˴еģԼʧңѡ츳õ˴ڣһ˳޼֮֮ʱȻ޼ע⣬޼ڵжԵ״̬˳Ӧ޼۵ԸĴˣҪɱĵߵ棬Ϊ𣬾͵ɱĵУûѡ񡣡
ľЦ˵һȴʹַ΢΢һȻû뵽ôԶֹδղ߳صʱ޼Ѿǿ߽٣Ҫд߳£˵õ޼۵ĴһʵѾվ۴ǿߵĵж棬ûѡ񣬶ԷŹó޼۸ϢԶԷĶС
޼۵Ǻݣǵõ֮ˣ»֪һַЦҡͷȴʵЦԼ
õ޼۵ĴУȻҪһЩģѡĻκ˶ԸѡõСľЦ˵ַ֪߳Ļ˵ỳַõ˴С
ַƺҲ뵽㣬üͷʱ۴ǿģʱ۴۲֪ζʲôϾ֪۹޷ºǵȶԷӦ»ص㻳
ľǰ˵û޼۵ĴУ˭޷ַܾӦЦҽĶ֮У֮⣬޼۶Խڷ֮ϵһЩ䣬׼úϰһȵ˼·㽫֮Ҳľǰһޣٽ
ľַĻ΢ϲû뵽ַƺҪЩл䡣
Ǻãúòһɣã׼סطԻûܷ񷢻ӳһЩľϲַͷ㾶ֱ̤ԼУ޼۵ĴеУȻпڷԼڱеķңĿڱ֮ʱõǲһģıҪ̻ʥơȻҪõԼǿԼ档
ַص֮Уʼ޼۴еļҵڽ󷨿ڷͱϵļأصʱһλѩķһЩģʥɣܹٶȣַǵõŻ뵽̷ģԼԷ֮ԼռĿ̻ʥƳӡУԿٶȱǿƵĴ磬ֱıǮ
ַչһҵʱ䣬ŵ֮ȥһЩܹ¼ʥƵƤëֹһЩĲϣصס֮һν˱չأһʱãﵽµʱ⣬ҲЩСɾ͡
һַ߳˷䣬˿Ժ֮͸һַ֮ʴȻ·ʲôס˰㣬ɵ档
ַ㣬Σľ׿ַ߳ղ󷨵ַһЦ
ǳˣ߽ȥаɡַЦŻӦ
ǿӦÿ԰ɣôˣҲֻһǧĻ̫֮򣬵ֻһ˿óĻҲѾЩˣóûĻǿľ׿Լõ󷨣Ц˵
ǧ֮һĻûͬ£÷̻ȻȰ̻ܷӳǿԻûֱ̻̻ľ÷̻ģȻĲ࣬סַּ㹻ˡ
ľǰѾĲˡַдǳЦʹľεЦ£ַ㣺ô׼ţ
Ҵ㻻һЩϵȵĿ̻ĲϣһЩַӦһľ׵˵ͷȥɡ
˵գľ׻˻֣ʱ࣬һСַ˳С˳ȥ׼ȥ򿴿


1588 ֮
ַھŴɹ챤֮صĽ෻У֮ﶼͨ׵õַǹһЩĲϣ漴һҳƤëĽ׸¥
˼ң鷳һЩܹ̻ʥƵϵƤַһ¥ڣеһλ΢ЦҪƳõǲҪϵȣ̻ʥƵƤΪҪͨĲϣܲסʥƵ
ҪʲôƤ߶ַʵ
ԽϵȵԽáַӦһ
ﵹһ۷ʨƤ۸񡭡Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ŵĽǿ߿ǷǳѶԸɱѶȼһ˸ҿɱּĴڣгŻɱԷ˿ⲻɱĻ⵽ǿ߼Ǻޡ
ЩʥӦùɣַȡ˺üʥȡսƷ۷𼶱ȷֵǣƤëֻһֶѡ
߿ʥ֮Цŵˡ
˵գ㽫ʥ漴ȡʨƤַ㣬ַ㿴ɫƤʱΪ⣬ȷϵȵƤʥǲôں϶ǣһ޴ƤˣƵĺõĻЩֵƣκһļֵʥ͡
ַ㽫Ƥպ߳˽׸¥˲Զ֮ʱĽŲ΢΢£漴¶һ˿Ц
̧Ųַ·ȥֲһЩʱ̣мӰǰΪ֮˿ַ¶ЦݣԵмֹ
£ףղŵõһƤЩôøΡַǰĹŵǻƽַоΪ죬ֻƽɹ˻ᴩƵġ
׼ʲôףַЦһ
ƤǣʥġȡһƷʥʱַϵЦݸӵŨ국ĵΪβֱأ
ַĻüͷ΢΢£漴ɱźЦݣƽ˵£´ɹβƤңұʶΣ
ΪʲôҪʶ㣿ַ㵹뿪ˣȻǴɹˣ֪ԼХʲôϵΪ۷壬ҿЩϢƺûȹ̣ҵڶӵܣȻлӣȻô
ɫһڳ¶һĨЦ£Ըʥ㽻ɱҪ
䲻ɲģھŴɹ챤һǷǳϤַԲ֮ˣ˿ӡ
α˿ֱӶǡһһŲǰ̤ӦĻΪأҪǿᡣ
ЩƳΣַ˵ֻԷ̤ƽӡȻ䳯ַȻ£ַ΢ʱһֱӡ˶ԷĻƽ֮ϡ
䣡ֲȻ䱬ѵǿһҽУƽƱըѷյͬʱֱҲȼ
͡նһƽʥ֮˽Լֱնֻ̼֮䣬ǵڵصֱ۱㱻泹׵ûˣɫ԰ֽĿĶǷյֱۣǰƽĻ꾹Ȼйֲ
һɫͬһҪһƤԼףʷǳͨɫ΢ЩƵַѾõһƤ㲻ͨˣֱַıǣû뵽ʼΪƽ꣬ϾȻǿ
ַֻǿѣϾ̻ʥ֮ʱ˻ħ˫صУʹӵǿıʥƿԼݶСһ֮˵ֱ۲ֵýȵλȥԼݳ󷨣ڸõĲϣƳκһöл۷ǿߵ
һֱۣĶַ㣬ʹַ¶һĨɫЦѵΪӦվǲһӡϲɣ
˵ţַгöĳǰȥһĻʹпһɫЩ԰ףַʲôˣɹˣ㶼Ҷ
ɹַŲ΢΢ͣ£ĮĶ漴ڵϵĴָȫ⿪ϵȻ󽻸ҡ
꣡ϻƽʥţŭ
ҪԼַ֣ţǵЦԵøа죬ַ̤徹ĳˡ
Ȼ䣬ַʧͬһӰӰ㣬ղǱַյֱ۵ɫ䣬Ҫ㣬ȴܵˣֱӡؿڣ漴ıѿŶըѣֲĻ潫˶ûҽֻǳƬ̱ʧ˵ĶУȴôĴ̶
ǲϰڽСߵ壬˾Ȼһλʦ
ó˱ͺ˾ôߵ裬һӡ˲ɱ֮ˣ֪ǷԼƵģǵĻϿ϶зǳǿ򡣡
ԶȺͶĿ⣬˿˿̾Ŵɹ챤ǰδ˵ôʦ
ַ㲢δȺĿ⣬ߵڻзǰ΢΢ӣָ£˵ǸҪô
̧ͷַֿˣƾʵҲ׻ɱ⼸˵ģȻһݣַ㲻ԭˣڣ޼ľó̻
ԼԶַ֡ЦһƵԵø
˴ˣҴɹǳԸ͸½ѡƺҪɹַ㡣
Ҹʲ𡣡ַ㳯ǰţɫһ漴ָȡ⿪ϵַӹȥ
һЩĻҲͶԸһַ䵭˵ʹͷ֮һۣ˷׷׽ָȡӸַ㣬ǲðӣѾһ˲䣬ֻҪַǣпܽǻ
ɡַ㽫ָպ³һʱ˻˸뿪
ûǣַƽĳŻ·ȥҲûбܿκ˵۾
ó֮ˣȤ˾Ȼ´ɹôԶȺ¶Ȥɫ²úɹͻҵɣϾǵϵ


1589 
ַƽ߻ԼסľоĻ󷨣ַɵַ֮Уַ㣬ԿʲôطҪƵģ
ַ㿴ΧɵһУ󷨿Խƣ˸оռңֻҪһ֮ңľ룬վУȴ·޾㣬Զ߲ȥң赲˵ܹ͸ǻûκˣ׾ƿ
һЩǿĻ󣬻ɱѾʵɱ˱治αҲ㿴ɱֻԻ֮ѣҲɱܽݻ٣ľȻûʵֻܲ¼򵥵Ļ
ַͷԼ֮ǰ͸ȥȴоĵطһƬҲ·
ˣַĽŲȻһ̤ٶͬ㣬ҪֱٶȳƬþȻȴ֣ĽŲһȦֻ֮صԶ
ľ׵¶˿˿Ц⣬˵ҲûþķΧ󣬵ЧѾΪˣһڼСķΧóǿǲ
ôһģַЦ˵Сĵطȴ˳ȥ֮
ľǰ׼ԺһЩ֮ñɧŻҪԶַ֡Ц˵ľ΢΢ͷãԱ߲ο£
ַ㵹ҲûоܾԺ֮УûҪľס
һַӡֱ˵֮ϣʱһ·ÿһʶôһ֮·ճȻ
ľһâаַ̾Ȼǿܶ࣬Ƕ֮ʯƿص÷ǳһӡ±γһ·
ʦֶҪãֱý̤ˣһҪ֪ȥȣͬ޼ۼصģռ磬һɣһΪ﷨εȿ¡ַЦ˵ľΪȻĵ˵ͷַ˵ǵľ绹̫Զ
ʱַ֮Ժ֮пһڻ֮Уǿ˲Сʹľо̾˵Щʦףַ㶼мĲַ࣬ͬһӡ֤ȷѡ
ַ֮󣬱صԼķпһĲ϶ϵȣ׼һЩľǼĻ
ʱַסԺ֮⣬߶ţʱĿͶƶַסĵطǳע㣬ҲʱԶвӰ˹Ϊ׵һһλߣ͸һ֮⣬ԵŻƽۣȻ
ߺ󣬻вǿߣΪ㶼ؾؾ磬һʱ·һε
үЩַԺΧ߶Ⱥʱ׷ǰȥɫĮģ
ǼԺ֮У˻þ龰߽ȥ֮ûгˡָԶַסԺ俪˵΢΢ͷкԵһλ޵ǿߣΪ츳ޣ޷ɻʣ˴ɹ̫ӣҪǿҲô򵥣ֻһλ޵һͬǰ޵ѾƿǧĴ֮ǻ쵰֮ˡ
ߡŲǰ̤֮ǰҪڣȴ߰˰ֵ˵֪ǴɹȻ֣һȿǺˡ
´ɹޣǰݻ£޵Ժ֮лصݣľüͷ΢壬ݻ
ֻʱַӷ˳¶һĨЦľѾĲ֮Ҳ͸󣬿Ⱥ
ݻҪô
ַһ³ͬ˳㳯ɢȥĵԼɫһŵļһ
ޣưޱߣĿˣغֱɱȥôƬ治оŴɹ챤ܹ֮Ըɹ
ٲһݹԼȥˡٴκһһȴûκεĻʹоܵ㡣
һĽŲȥƽʥݣȻĽŲûɲǣͻȻоԼ·һƬռ䡣
󷨣ɫ΢Ųһ̤嶸Ȼ䳯ϿճȥȻֻ岻ϵȴɻƬ򣬷·Զ޷ȥ㡣
ǵޣ˴ʱҲ̤˻֮У裬Ҫþ·һƬޱ޼֮أȥ
ѵһλ󷨴ʦüͷ˵Īǻ̳֮ģǴû˵Ƭʦ
еսһʱ֮¶֮ɫһ
㻹ǲ֪һȻ䴫漴ֻһ¡¡Ľ£·һ·ȻֲӶ
СģƸܵʲôɫ䣬ϻƽʥţȻֻһĹֱӳ̼ûһֻţԱ߲£ӶҪΪޡ
ɫӲֻڵϷ֮ԵøңһûˣҪӲСĴ۲ܸԭǰҪܳȥ
ߣǻȥ漴峯Ż·ȥ˿̶ԣʲôԣȥ
޿ҴܣɫӲŻþռ£ˡҵ³ç뿪
ǹҪԼ߽ȻˣͺúõĴŰɡַƽ˵漴ֻ֨ѽһ죬·˽˷֮Уɫ԰ףɫܲÿ
Ҫ֮ءɫ漴ȡһöӡǣֱӡֻΣʱãһ飬ǿ߸
ʱ棬Զţ治ϴǵɫ΢΢̡
ߣȥ֪ͨ𳽾ĳ˺һ漴Ȼȥ
ͬʱλҲȻȥ׼ȥһλʦֵӣھŴɹ챤óǿߣǷǳġ
ɹפأȻһƽʥգ漴һɫ۵Ӱ̤â磬ޱȣȻ˸Ҷɹĺӵܶɱô


1590 
챤פأ𳽾ϥڵڣ·֮¶һ˿Ȥɫʦҽɹ˸ˡ
˵ó𳽾֮ʵ
ۼɱصǿߣ˲ɱǷ̵ģҲҿ϶·֮˹ĻӦ˵𳽾ӷ漴΢΢ͷվΪ챤һʦҲһɡ
𳽾һλܹǿ󷨲ҿʦž޴ļֵǴǸ£Ķ
뵽𳽾ڿգٶȳ˵ķȥɲҪˡ
ʱַסԺ⣬Զƽʥյ»ҫ۶ĿȺ̧ͷֻо۾·޷
ʣɹǿߣ΢΢һǳʦǰȥģ˱Ѿɹǿˡ
׼ȥ֣ʦ˵ǳưӴɹ֪ζԸһλǿߡ
˭Ҵɹ֮ˣǿδѵ˷·ҲͬĻƽʥ㣬ӵпµĴ͸ֻŲһ̤䣬·Խ˿ռ䣬˲併ٵַڵԺ֮ϡ
ˣΧ֮ɫһɹǿ߽١
󣿡ǿĿ⿴¿գһâŲһ̤գʱµĽɫĻ¿ջշѹȥҪһжշѹ顣
ǷĻ֮¿ʼѹ塢ѣľײµ̫ǿʵշѹ֮£ʱгܲסļ󣬿ʼ
ľ׿˸Ҷ󷨣вɵһĨµ⡣
ľǰұˡַ㵭һЦľײĿַһۣ漴΢Цŵ˵ͷ˿аţַǺЩЩԹ㿴ַαװݱֻ֪ǲַ֪Ŀĵʲô
ϵϢȫ˿̵ľ׸о볣죬ŷȥȫַ㣬ҪַζԸһλʼǿߡ
Ͽգ¡¡ĿշѹϺڻ֮ϣڣɢҲ¶˳
ĿɨΧһۣǾַ㾹Ȼôȴ߲󷨡
ɱʬΣе˿һȻѪܵģɫ԰ɡ
ǿվ֮ϣɨַ㣬͸ſµâ
ɹˣҲҶǿ߿һȣʱɫ׺䲻ϾǴɹϵ֮ˣ衣
¡һֲ̤ϯأƬնǽɫĻǿɱ˸
ַ㿴һеǿߣ漴ĿɨԱߣֻЩ׼ڿգȴַŲȻһ̤֮䣬һĻ֣Ҫڿյļ·Ȼ貵·֮ħգҽգҪڿյļ˲ȼ˿µħڻʧ
뿪𣿡ַɨ򣬱˵˿һĻɫȻһɫ԰ף˻֮⣬һǿɱ
º󷨡ʱԶַĿתֻ𳽾ӰǰɵַǹһĨЦ⣬Ū󶯾ˡ
ǽ𳽾Χգַ㿴˺üλʽŲնڲԶֹǰһС
ɹǿߴʱɫˣɱ⣬ַ㣬ҵɱɹ֮ˣ̫ˡ
˴˿̶ֻ֣Ҫַһ̤󷨣ܽɱȻ޲ֻɱַ㣬ȴֲһԷɱԷ̤һĻᡣ
֣Ϊǿߣα۸һ󱲣ңһλǿʦ𳽾Ų̤ǰڣۿַһָоַΪأ̻ʥƱ԰̻̤֮֮Էӿ£߱ɱʣ
ʦǱǿֲģ
Ҵɹ֮£޹ءɹǿɨ𳽾Ҫ㣬ô᲻׽𳽾뷨ǽգַһҪɱģַûɱɹ֮ˣʱԻ⣬˫ȻԹǱֻĨɱˡ
𳽾˸ַ㣬ڵ£Ը챤
𳽾ĻǴɹâƽʥؼ䣬Ҫַ챤Ȼ˳ıӻɳܡ
ˣȻ䣬ٶͬһ㽵ڵأ˫źݺݵļ̤棬һɿֲĽɫĻطͬʱһ˵
˴˿᲻ô׷ڿն𣬿磬뿪ǱֵĴأֱǧ׸߿֮أǵβŸֹס
ɱ彵ַϿգĿ⸩£ɱ졣
Ȼɱɹǿ߱˵
£𳽾ٶȿڣַҾɹ챤֮˵ġ
𳽾֮ǣֻҪַͷͬ⣬Ӵ˱챤ˣ˶ַ㡣
ǸַŽ𳽾һЦʹý𳽾¶һ˿ɫ漴ϧ
ΧȺҲԵúܲ죬ַΪأԴɹǿߣȻܾ챤ṩıӻ
𳽣˲ô顣ɹʶŽ𳽾һЦ漴һ̤գµĻƽʥ̼佫ַ嶼ҪסѰ·
ɱǿǧ֮ƽַͬʱһƽʥնɱ·ʥ֮⣬֮֮һɱ
ַ΢һǰ˹ȥƽʥն֮ϣȻ䱬ѿͬʱַŲ̧𣬺ݺݵļ̤ŵ棬ֲĹâɢһ˲ĹȺ֣Ժ䶼һ貵Ĺâ
ͼȺһԺ֮Уâ貣һ·ޱУһɿĻ֮Ȼͷţ𺳵һĻˣַΪģĺڰħ񷣬ַվħм䡣
ãɹǿ·һɲǱܵһɿ֮ħͻɾ͵ơ
˲һƽʥ̣ɷɣȻǹħһУ׻δΣϱȼħһɿµ壬۵ɵͬʱҲѡ
ǿΪð̣Էȴ÷޷˲СַаԷ˫ٶȺݺһ֮죬еһжҪǵ
ǴɹǿŭһħǿɶɲˣȻղ󷨱ѵ˲䣬ֲڣ嵱Űţʹĵֿļ
ͬʱַ嶯ˣ˫ֱֶɹʶȥ


1591 
ˣַһʱһöǱĴɹǿ˦˹ȥǿɫ䵽˼£Ȼһλ֮˿µشˡ
һƽʥ³ն˹ȥֲħѷȻǿֻΧȫʱޱ߻ƽʥţе޷壬ȫձѣֲϯƬռ䡣
Ȼʱһѵûͷħ𣬶ǣ֮Ȼ䣬ǿ˻֮С
ƣǿŭһʥ֮նҪþǿƿȻϵǻþбѣԴԴҲϱϿյȵ½
Сġ͵ԶԶĶ㿪ַٴνٵ棬޴
ַͷſµħԼʱһ·˼£ħ𲻶ϳϿյǿߡ
úݣȺַĶͷ鴤ַһֱӳȥʮöɣκһöԻɱһλ۷ǿˣַȴӣɲ󷨣ӳֱ֮ʧˣȻҲַ֤ϵǿᣬκһöſµңӦ׿̳Ÿôá
һĺʹ˵Ҳһǿߵħϳ壬ǿҲܲס
¡һը죬һеĻþȺٴοǴɹǿӰʱԡħУѾʼˣ˫ֱѾûˣ͸žԼߺޡ
ȻޣΪǿߵȴһλص֮Уɱ
һȴִ˿ѾˣԽԽ
ҵ껹֧뿪ڣҺްǿħнĻޣ׵ħûһɿֲķ񷣬ɢ
ַ㰲վǣƽûȺе߱ɱǿߵ˷ܣ·һоͱ˰㡣
侲һˣѹܾҵ롣𳽾аһĿ͸ŵ֮ǿˣ꣬ɱǿߣؾ磬԰̻ȴ߱ʣɼ֮жǿᣬԶҲܹ󷨱֮ʱĿֲ֮վĵĻһɲǣҪˡ
һЩҲַ㣬˿ֲһλʦɳ̫ˣǲҪΪеĺãܹΪѡ
Լȴɹңʶ֮ɱˡ
ӣȻƶţ·¾ַ㣬ʱַ΢΢̧¶һĨаЦ𣡡
ɫһŲֹסңַɱ
ַ建ڿգӣɥʧӵʶַɱˣղһĻĳ̫
վĶ棬ַϸĴۣԼХмƣټϴɹϵݣܹжʣӦֵˡ
Ȼַ㲻ɱУûκεķַжѾɥʧ˳ΪֵʸΨХǸ߸ϣԷˣὫ˼̤Լµġ
ǰַƶȻ䳯˹ȥ¡һ죬һĺص˵ϣ³һѪȻХϲǿߵ̬̤֤ԼĴڣô̤һɹˡ
ַӸ£¿ſڵϵվǣ̧ͷŸַ㣬ио޾֮⣬Ȼ˵ӡ裬ַ˫ƽĮףԷûзö˵һ֣ΨУ
شǱӶˣַνڵأɹ˶ʱ׷׶ߡ
𳽾建ǰַЦ챤𳽣֪γƺ
ַɨһ۽𳽾һۣüϰӸ˵𣿡
𳽾ɫ΢΢һԵЩΣһ˿֮⣬һÿɺЦڵأٴ̡
ľַĻӦһ˵ûʲôµĻɡ
𳽾۽΢΢£еĲøδЩùЩǿᣬԼôһλʼǿߡ
Ȼ𳽾Ὣе뷨¶ϵЦֻǽ˲ָֻ糣ЦȻˣˡ
΢΢˹֣𳽾ŲȥожµĻţַ仰ƿԡ
֮˿𳽾ԱҲȻȥΨһЩֵɻڣûйãַסַ֮·ð
ľ߳Ժ佫ܵݻٵ²£ͬʱоַ̾ԵǿַʹȻɱǿߣ⻹ֻǧ֮һַõǧܻǽεȿ£ֻһ޼
ַǱޣ¿һЩ磬˿ȴĴ¼䣬֮߱ɱʣɱǴɹʣֻһսַ㴫Ŵɹ챤Ļ
Ϣܿ촫˾Ŵɹ챤֮УЩǿ֪ƬһλʦŴɹ챤Ѿʼв̣Ƭˡ
ַסԺΧͻȻûԾܶϲƬش߶ҪɱʵǿǺηʥ赲סǵߡ
ʱһͷַȻû緢һУʱԺ֮У˻֣þɢʱһâӳϣɢ֮С
һҪʲôأǲһֱǡľ׿ϵַ㣬Ц£ַŴɹ챤֪ʲôĿġ
νǶŰɣֵֻֻ㣬̫˿ɲáַ¶һĨζЦݣľ΢΢ҡҡͷȻ޷͸ַе뷨
ˣҪҪ󡣡ľɨһԶַ˵
ַĿ⴩͸գҲԶȥҲһӰնǵĴţҩɹġ
ҩɹַ¶һĨаЦȻˣǱЩɣ
ʱҩɹһȻַ֪Ѿڴǵע⣬һӰϿվȻ˻ǶʱϿ̤ľ׺ַ㣬΢΢˹ַ֣ҵҩɹ֮ˣݼʦ
ַɢĿ⳯ȥȻ䣬ӷ·أ嶸Ȼվ˵˭վģ
£Ҫͣȴַŭȵ
áҩɹɫһ֪ҩɹҪַ㣬˴ɿʧŹҪȺַʶȴû뵽
˵彵ڵأַŲȻһ̤棬̼䣬һ·תֲ֮£·ʱܻӿһĻʹЩҩɹɫ԰ַ¡
ôסأ£ַ㶸Ȼŭһһը죬ʹЩҩɹɫ԰ףôסأôˣ


1592 ٻ
ҩɹһζû뵽Σַסż壬ԻᰴݷãȻֻһСԺѣǱûֱ̫ӵַϿգݼַ㡣
ʱַȴ˵ô
Žתʥ֮Լµ·ֻҪַ󷨣ǹɻܽû
ַӺ䣬Ųڵ΢΢շ£ʱµѹ֮бøǿңһ죬Ǽҩɹ֮˹ڵϣ˫ȭգ¶ǣд
ɣ´ΣնַĮ˵ʱվΪ׵һλַ΢΢Ƿˣ´ΰݷãһǵá
˵գӰ˸ҩɹ֮˹ڿգ뿪˴˵أһζĻ
ʦÿЩҩɹܴ֮裬ĴԹޡԶȺԺзһУɵ˽ʦƢŹ֣һǵҩɹˡ
ԷȻΪʦʶ߱ɱЩƢȻҲȻ˫һݣʦֻһȴҩɹǿǰҩɹһɫ˫վĽǶȲһиԵƢֻΪҩɹΪŴɹ챤һ˲Ÿоַ
ȺȻַ֪ҩɹˣֻΪʦʴҩ֮ʱ֮ܵ˴ֻϴСƿȨĴս֮ʱַģգҩɹϴˢʦ֮ܣڴ˴Σֻҩɹѡ
ߵϢȥ󷨴ʦӵܹǿҲõµ߱ɱʣԸ죬Ϊ˶ַӡ󣬾Ŵɹ챤ĺ֮ҲðȻǰݷˣúҩɹһ޶˵衣
챤פأԴ챤ߣʱɵ׷һǣСĶʺʺȻУİ˻ľѾûˣʼԼҩɹʼƿأǱ㶼ع챤
𳽾˼ǣǾ䣿ɶŽ𳽾ʵ
ˣϴκĽӴԸܹŹ֣׽Ӵ˵ĸоƺĿһУ챤ǴɹͶûзУڼǰҩɹܵһ¿ԿԷںĿɲǴɹ챤¾Ŵɹ챤ˣû̫
𳽾ķҲܹ챤ʦӣȻֻ侳ʦƾɱһλʣܹ£ԼļֵԲǼλǿܹģδɻʵǿһ״ɱǿߡ
ɰŽ𳽾Ļֻ𳽾ˣһλܹ侳߱ɱʣӾŴɹ챤ˣһλʦô򵥣Ǻڣ˵Լ򣬿ô
˵ûһ㣬ȻҲ뵽ˣ˵ı󣬶ӵиµ˴ڣ˵ɣȻ˴ɹɹʶɱˣشɹܾʹ˰ֵģǶˡ
Ŀ¶һĨɫ˵
ʡʣ˸ǰȥǱߵĶɹػֵģӦԡɶŶʺ˵Ҳ챤ĵϵˣԼҲ֪ǽʲô֣Ҳ֪ĳǺ󱲣ŵСˣλôߣΪɻʵģǱ޵ĺܡ
ǡ΢΢ͷ˴УǷֵСзӵңһЩǾԵߣڴУֻ챤кܶ˵λ֮ϣָֻܹţһλӵǿ츳ĵϵ󱲶ˡ
ɻƲ⣬ȻҲһˣ˶Ϊַ㵹ҲЩʱա
ȻҲԤϵɹˣվǶ˵ģʱɱϵնһֻţ£ɹգһգַ֮ס֮أ·ҡҡ׹
ֻΧշ򣬶ʮӰƽۣɫ·Ҫ͸
շ𡣡վмһĮ³һʱһλǿ߹ǰվ˻ϿգƽʥݣȻ¿գƽʥɿµĽɫĻҲϵ󣬽ƬնУĻתţҪշѹһС
ƣǿŭһʱ۶ɵĿֲƽĻ¿շѹȥҪһΪƽأշɷ顣
֮ÿµĻƽʥɷ۶ɣ󡣡ԶȺ̾ƽʥ۶ɵĹĻþѹȥջɫʵ壬õһҪշѹǴɹǿߣô̤ڻƽʥ۶ɵĽɫĻ֮ϣ¼̤
ôĵӣһ͸գ漴ֻ˵һ촫ȺͷǽɫĹĻ·𱻿µУȻþͬʱһ˫ֲĴӡþ˳Ų̤ڹĻϵǿ̽ȥ
ǿɫ䣬ƽʥȻǿµĴӡӲĽס漴ûǴӡԼɹǿ߾㶼ʧ
ãɹ˾㶼ɫ䣬Ϊ׵ǿߣŲȻһ̤֮ղŸӿµĻƽʥͬһɫٲһҪƿգշѹһУ¡¡촫ֻþϡ͡ʧ
һбʱ򣬴ɹȺͷ΢΢˲ֻǸղ󷨵еǿߣ屻ڵϣ֮ϣ֮ɢȥˡ
ǰӰַ֮⣬һһֱûɽ¶ˮľףû˹עľףλʣǰ
ַǿʢܹʣʵȴأղǿֲӡȻַ㣬ֻһˣ˿ϵĺ֮ͬ籩һϯصǿߣûעˡ
λʣɹǿɫԵøѿʦߣһλλǿڡ
ºˣɹλǿ߱ʵ֣ƺĻҪһЩ
޼ľס
ľ׵˵ĶУʹȺͷ΢΢£޼ˣ޼ǿߣ
޼жǿȺ֪ǣһɹ׾٣ָ֮䣬ɽǲ
ַ建ڿնоаЦŶȺ͸ŨŨ֮⣺ɹ𣬺ôļưҾվɱҰɣ
ɹǿɫӲɱ޼ˣһ츳ǳߵˣǸ
ƾַϵ裬޼¶Ƿǳӵĺһɣ
ѹôѹĿһӾŴɹ챤ȺţһУ·ӦŶԣܷǵڴ


1593 
޼ɹǿɫܲÿ޼һɿֲ޼Ȼɣ޼Զɹܹǵ˵ģòʺһ㣬£ټλľױ޼˲ˣӦĵӡ
Ϊַ֮ǰʩչĿʹľ˵޼֮ʱȻû˻ɣɹ˶ûУ·Ȼ
ֻλʵǿ۾ͣ˸һ˲䣬Դﲻ֪ת˶뷨գ¶Թλʱĵӣûлɱֻһ·ɸΪ񲯡
˵Цˡλǿϵɫü죬˿ѾһЦĵû뵽޼Ŀ֮ѹףǿҴɹ¶ᣬҴɹµǸ
ַɫĮ˿Ҳ˲뷨ǴӵĺôһţɹȴҶֻɱԵǸ˵Լ޼֮ˣǿϾҲֻһλδ̤ʾ֮˶ѣƾԷλʵǿʢɱն
̨У½̨ӻ֮ˣ˭˸ҶС̤֮ˣԿܱӻɽƬɽһ̨Ϊʥءַаţɹλǿ߼ַĬԣʱһ
΢΢˲̤ǰľ˵޼ʱȻ֪²ȻҪ޼֮˵Ƥ
Ķǿһƺݺݵ˦˳ȥʱֱӱ˦ɣѪӿбߣ񲻵޷˳ޣҪ裬ޣɺޣȴ
£Ҵɹ̵ܽӲϣĪ֡λǿ߶ַ㺬Ц˵ʱΧȺ̾˺úк޲ɱַ㣬ȴЦӭ˵Ŀ
ַЦĿŶԷĮĵɹԹȻɹӵ̫Ҫұȣҽѵ֮󼸴ɱҪҵУľ廤ĻѾɹ˰ɡ
ַĻʹôɹλǿɫӲǸҪⲻФӣϤ㡣
ȫϾ͹ˣղǲҲЯɱôǿʳûжԴ֣֮ǵ⣬ľ廤޼֮ˣԣ˴ɹˣֻҪɱ
ðˡȺַһַƢŹ֣ţɹҲܾԺɹˣɱɱŴɹ֮˵˵ݣͨǿΪ޼ӣɹɱвˬˣҪɹ
Ǵɹǿпһ£ǵЦԵΪǣǿк䣬δ̫һ㲻ɹ档
£ͱˡǿ䵭˵
ַֻһ֣ʹôɹǿɫҲ漴ӶҴɹȻǸǸִˣҲ޿κΣǡ
˵գתȥλǿߣȴǸȻַȴȲأѵҪַ㲻ɡ
ԶȺһĻʱв˸ȥ
ǻȥɡַдһĨЦݣ˵˾䣬漴ľһ彵٣صԺ֮С
ľɫΪ⣬ַ㣬ǰʹɹг𣿡
ЩڣޣҲ̸ϡַľ֮ϣգĿдһĨζЦݣľǰɣ֮󣬻ǰݷҶˡ
֪Щʲôľ΢΢ҡͷȴվ׼
о֮ȴҲҪٲϣܹԶΪṩǸַ㲻俪˵ʱľ׽󷨳ƺַ²ûй̫ãԺߡ
챤ɣ޼֮ʿڴ˵أݻᡣһԺ֮⴫ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ɢĿ֮ϣ챤ĶǿĺܣʧȥСƿȨ챤ߵĶҪˡ
ʵַͬ챤ҩɹǳǿʢң챤ʰҪ챤һˣȻǰ̤֮곽ȴɻ޵ٳδܹٻλ泾ʶʰҲǼΪӣʹʰõɽڻΪձػ򣬶ҩɹҲǿ߱ټ׷ɹʼǿʢ˥챤ȴСƿȨʧȥѾ˥˼ȥ󼸰ǧ֮ľŴɹ챤Ǻ־档
һλʦһ޼꿡ܣֵýύģ챤ֻкôһ˰ݻᡣ
λɡַƽ˵ʱԺ챤ӰַʱȻվĿ챤һۣ΢΢£ȴһĮͫ
ʡʣǶڣңհ˻Χ֮ʱǧҲûɱʱ˵עⶼʵĻս֮ϣǧвۣľִ뿪ǰͨͨ׼뿪ԣû˹˼ǧУţַǰ
ȻյַѷտɱȣǸ߸ǧУȻм̫˳ˡ
λ£ַɵһ
޼ʦҪǰ챤һ챤Ҳþ֮ꡣɶַǳʦ;кֵܴٸ޼֣ԷǱѰ
Ƭ˿ɲ챤ʱԺ֮˶У׷ɹǰݻ޼ʦ
챤ǰݻᡣ
棬һϴʹַһĨâȻ޼ֺ󣬾Ŵɹ챤ˣвסǰˣ


1594 
Ժ֮У䲻С˿ȴԵмӵŴɹ챤ˣͲɹԼҩɹûеˣ߹ȫַ㷢룬ַоԼƺ͹һλ޼ʦԽύļֵ
޼ǿ޼δ֮ʱ޾֮أ޼۹˭棬ɽ޼۹ǰԵúС
Ŵɹ챤ˣַܹһλʦ޼һϵɽԺҲǸӼˣ챤һλǿߣ޼УΪ޼ޣȻһ㣬ʷ챤Ȼͣ޼ȴͻ޼еλߣûлȨַ㲻ͬʵԣλǿͬλԶ׼ɻ֮з
λʢΪΪˣ֪ȥһͲźáʱַѾ˼⣬νˡ
챤ȵɼǴʦĻ챤дʦɻ˵ȷʵԵóʮ㡣
׷ɹƺҲ챤ɣʦó׷ɹҲһЩ֮󣬻ʦǰָһ׷ɹǿҲ˵⻰Ҫַȥָ̣˵׷ɹ󷨣ȥ׷ɹˡ
Ҳʾ׷׳ȻַֻǳЦ£λʢȴȻģȴʢȴֻоҿ£СԺмҿ̻ҵȷȱһЩ̻Ĳϣλܹ
ַ˵Ц˫۾΢΢͸ζ֮⡣
ľַԲɫЦ£ַ㵹Ǻݣ˻ûͣѾʼթˡ
ַǰվŵĶЩʲôַİʾѾ֮ܳΪʾˣѾʾ
챤вٿĲϣʦһһҲý֮͸ʦôʦúޡ
ַ˰֣ôõĻᣬôһϵЦŵ챤ףһռ˲ϣپһȥͰɡ
鷳ʦԼȥռȥɹȡ׷ɹ֮˸Ѿһ뿪ˣȻȥַ׼ˡ
ҲȥΪʦȡɿ˵漴һ׷ɹһȥ˷·Լһ㣬׷׸ǣܿ죬ԺеȺ׵ʧַǰ
ľ̲סЦ΢΢ҡͷ૵ЩΪȡϹϵȻ׼ˣȴ֪Ҳ֮仹гԹء
ַ޼֮ŽƬֱӵ˺üľȻ²õƬһЩЩìܣ˿ȴΪַ׼ĲأַһȷʵߵɫֳһЩ󶯾ԶϹҪַŶ˻Ͷ
ңҲַܻݣ˵Ҫ޾򣬼ûôңԶŴɹ챤Ҳȥ޼֤ʵģ޼˷֣޼ˣһ㲻ƬԵ֮ء
ַ΢΢һĨЦݣδ˵ʲôЩܲúթһܺǿ
ЩȥҲ죬صҲַȴ֪ڸղƬĽ֮أȻһ籩Ŵɹ챤ҵ׸ϯĲϣＸƬ򶼶ݣ֪׷ʲô£˾Ŵɹ챤е߹ˣ֪ȴףһУԶΪɱʵ󷨴ʦ
ַһööָϸ֮ϲɫȴȻֿ˻ںܳһʱҪΪĲ϶ˣЩ˵ֱʣɻ治С
ʦʱһҲˣȻ챤Ⱥһء
ɿ첽ǰߵַǰʦ챤Ϊʦ׼һЩʦ֮ʦ
ţַ㿴еĵţɵ¶һ˿ȤѵΪԼ׼˷ǳ֮ﲻɡ
ַ봢ָУɨһĶ˲һϡ
򲨶ַĿһ̧ͷһۣ챤±
ʲôַʵɵȻָʲô
ʦ̺ķ֮ϣʦֱӽǷ̻Ƴʥ֮·ŵЦţĻַҲ¶һĨõЦݣô˵÷ˣ
ʢ飬ȴ֮ˡַЦ˵ôõĶôܻܾأ̹Ȼ
ַԳһʱҲ¶һĨЦ⣬Щȡһλ޼ʦ飬ֵõġ
˵ɫȴôÿû뵽ҵôõĶϣ챤Ǹݡ
ССֻҪʦϲãұôŴʦޣǲʦǰһʵڸеźֻٴʦǰ챤һ챤ҲöΪʦ׼һЩĲϣôʦǱޡ
ٴζַ㷢룬޼ʦ꣬ڱصá
Ǻǡַ¶һĨЦ⣬˵λѶľ˿ǲþܾģκεȷǷֻ챤פϢգԺлᣬľһһŰݷλ
ַĻʱЦˣ챤ĵַ̣ȥһҪúš
ʦפؿҵͬʦǰ챤
ˣƬ챤פرˡַܾһ챤ǿڶ࣬һʲôĻѣַͶ
ҲáҲûж˵ʲôʦ롣
ľʦ챤ʱݡʼҵǿ߶ַͷһЦɺܿ˷׷׿׵Ŀڣ㱻챤ȣҲᾡַ㽻ã٣С
ַһһӦľһ챤פأ޽õ֮أַʼ͸һĨЦݣƺǳ
ʦǼƷ塢мľƷ壬ʦϲδɴַ챤פصﾹж죬ٷͬʵİ㡣
ҿƷ岻ǱϢɣǰ£Լ⿴ַЦ
ҲãǱһЩͤ󣬵ҲһһЩǰչ˴ʦӣǴʦϲΪɺЦ˵
ǰˡ˼䣬ַǰƷ壬һٷͬް㣬̨ͤ¥Եø龰ţǽӴ֮أַ㣬챤Ĺ


1595 
Ʒһ̨֮ͤУٷƣڣЩϢַ㲢δŮǰ̣ȥ鷳
ʱַ㽫̺֮Ƥ֮ȡ̯ʯ֮ϣľ棬﷨֮·ϣķƷʺϲַֻҪ·УƳǿַǰƵӿࡣ
챤ֱͦʣΪ˽ύ㣬ȱľЦ£ԼҲףַ޼ʦ챤ĽύֵõģϧַĿΪΣľԼȻѡ˸ĻݣȻҪύŴɹ챤
㹻ˣӵɡַЦ˵ڿƵʱҪԼİȥˣֱ֮Уķշ򣬵ȻַڿƵʱҪٸԼİȻܹ
ľǰ׼չؼգúһЩ챤һؾܣֱ˵ڱչرɡַľ˵õϵȵĲϣҪúһЩˣϵдڱкôġ
һġľ΢ЦŵͷûоȥǼĻΪֱ⼸ɽ䳢Աɡ
ַ˸ֿʼһʱյıչأЩ챤ȷвǿǰַɽ߶飬ַ֪չصϢǱҲûдһЩĺöľףַ㣬Ե÷ǳֱһºַŽ˴˴ƣ߳˷䡣
챤ÿնǲŮЩȻ˳Ҳַûнչأһտַľ׶̨ͤȻڲú𳽾ǱƷˣַľȻҲܾ
ľʦɴ챤ЩҪʦչر뿪˼գЩӦñ㡣ַͽ𳽾ɽľϣܹһ۹챤ΡפأΪ
𳽾ˣһҪǰţ𳽾ЩӵչˣҶΪַ׵˵ţַĻ𳽾аϲȻַ챤ĵ̣дñ﹩нύɵĵ¾ַ㲻ȻˣȻҪϵԽԽá
ľʦֻҪҵȵ˱ãʲôҪģľʦܿڣҶᾡܡ𳽾Ц
챤˿ľַָǰ챤פأ𳽾ԸڴΪ챤챤ǿƲҪ󷨣ҲľһƬ⣬𳽾ΪΡ
ַ˵Եмֳ֮⣬𳽾ַĻиǸˣȻʦ˵ҽλܾұ֤챤£Эʦܣʦ
ַΪ챤̴˫׽ı֣𳽾Ȼַܾ㣬ַ㲼Լ֮ΪַṩҪ֮һ˫֮ĹϵԽԽȹ̡
ˣղײգҽձ㶯ֻ֣ǣҪǿ󷨣Ҫ̺ķַ֮˵ֲ̺֮ķ۷֮˼ɻ֮ʱɽеķͷţϵԼ̺ķط壬ôȻҲǿ߶Է
⣬̺ķֻҪͷŵõҲо޴ô
ãľʦҪһ񡣡𳽾˵ͷ΢Щۣһöӵлһλ۷̤֮ʾڣַҪſ
֮񡣡ַ㿴𳽾ǵĳ鴤Цŵö׼һЩϾ챤פ˺嫣ҪһΧ
û⣬ʦֱܶǣ˻ȥá𳽾عŶʵ֣ľߣٶȻһЩֻ鷳ǰ챤һˡ
𳽾ǿߣҲӵкܶģӵеָûд񣬿ҼеĻԼó
á΢΢ͷַЦʦǰȥ챤ȡ񡣡
鷳ǰˡַЦΪãǰϤĶʣǶ֪Լ˼ĺҪɱˣ֪Ǻ뷨
Ҹǡʶַܿ˵ַоΪЩϰߣϾ˵ÿһμΣɲġ
뿪ַЦŵⶫǰԸǲΪȴ˿һֱĬĬ档
ʺǧ⻰΢ЩԸˣֻΪ˶챤ǴСûκϵ츳ҲôûеλûлȨʻ𳽾Ͼ𳽾гһҲ̤λʾģƾԼ
ЩǲǰСˣϵӵܡ
ԸȷʵλˣԼǧУѾɻѾãǧҲֻŲʾˡ𳽾ַһַ㿴ʺǧһۣ˶ʱĵľʦЦˡ
ΪҸߣӦòǣЦ֮˵ַЦˣȴǺ䣬Ų̫ãԼͻὫǺݺݵģΪЩе˸𣬵ȻҲΪԼң뵱һѹȵøңʶԹʥѾʼˡ
һĺţ˵Цڣ𳽾ΪˣΪַϵ˲٣ԼǧиǼΰʾַ㣬Ҫ£ַ㣬˭޷뵽˿ַŵģȴζԸ챤
𳽾񶫻ǰȥȡǳȥɢɢɡַ㽨˵𳽾Ȼͷƺãַֹܻ㡣
ߡַ㵹ǹ˵߱ߣιڿգƬϿչС
Ƭ˿ܼǳֵط࣬Ľг֮ҪЩַ㻷¿գԵĽ𳽾˵
֮ˣʵСطܱġ𳽾˵ʱһѾշ˲پ룬ǵǰԶһǱɸͬ챤פһǳϺ嫡
Ľΰ嫣ǷǳȥߡַɨǷһۣЦ˵
ľʦȵȡ𳽾ɫ΢΢˱䣬ַعͷŽ𳽾ʵô⣿
𳽾ַüпһ£ò׽꣬ɲܱƻˣɵúЦľʦҩɹĵط
ҩɹŴɹ챤֮һѹˣҪȥˡַ㺬Цǰȥʹý𳽾ɫ΢΢һľҪʲôֲַֹ㲻׼ȥֻһԷƺûзϡ
𳽾ַ֪ǳҩɹģһξ֮Уʴҩ˳ȥΣԼߣ᲻˽


1596 
ֱַӳҩɹפ̤ȥ¿շһĻʹý𳽾ɫ΢ЩӲҲֻӲͷƤַһ̤ҩɹפأҩɹҲҶ޼ʦ
һӰյԼͷϿշҩɹ˲㷢֣ĿⶸȻ̧漴ǵжâȻ˸ûһֱͨҩɹפأôĵŴɹ챤ַ˲ˣ˭˵Ϊ
վסʱһӰڿնĿ⺮䣬Ϣƺǿʢҩɹפء
ַӰǰУǼӰ赲ǰһâȵ
ɫһδ뵽˾˵󣬵ҩɹפأǳǹ⻹ǰδ֮¡
ҩɹפأͣ¡ԷٴȣϹ֮Ŷ
ַЦһ£˫֣ȻǰҲûͷԼκϢֱӽҩɹļλӡ
նһŭһֱնַȥȻַ㲻㲻ɸ֣Եޱѣ·޹ذ㡣
˭Ҷ֡һֻɫĴ͵Ľǵ漴ǰշѹȥֲʹһԵֱӽǼ˵òϺˡ
𳽾ôַ㣬Ҳûиº֣Ͼҩɹ챤ˣ̫ݣ»ìܡ
𳽾Ǽλϳ˽𳽾ɫ챤Ҫҩɹ𣡡
룬ǵȥ·𳽾ֱӻɱɡַ³һԵøĲɸֶ̤ǰֱӽҩɹ֮ӡ
ҩɹļλǿ߿ַ˴ǵͷϿ̤ɫѿ˼£챤ܺãҪҩɹսô
ȴ֪˿̵Ľ𳽾ҲǳΪѣַ»Ǻǰһ˼ɵģַδ̤챤ǰ˵Ϊҩɹ˰ݷñ˹£º·챤ɢ𳽾û뵽ַˣԼνȴ֪챤Ϊѡ
һƬҩ԰ȥַŲ¿̤ȥʱҩɹפؿʼ˸ֱַ˶ȥ
ַȴ·Ȼûз㣬ʱѾվҩ԰Ͽ֮أǳĸɫҩݣʱЦŵû뵽ôҩȫҪˡ
ַĻʹý𳽾Ŀһ΢΢ţȴ²һԣ漴ֻ¡¡Ĺַ̤֮ڵϣذͷţҪƬҩ԰ȫý𳽾۾ֱ
⡣𳽾аˣȻַҩ԰֮ʼϯеĲҩȫ
ס֡һŭĺֻһӰ˹ĿѵĶǿտҲҩ԰ǿȫѪ
ҵǧ֥ò׵õԶǧ꿪Ѿ˾Űپʮ꣬ͳ׳ˡڵѪַĿȻɱ⡣
ӡһֻӡַɱȥֲĴ֮ѹַϣҪַֽʬΡ
Ϣŭ𳽾ɫ΢䣬ѿ¸˵ˣɺľ׾ûжֵ˼ֻӲͷƤַǰɫӡٶȺɱͶԷײһ
𳽾áܺã˿һ漴˴սһ𣬺¡¡Ŀ֮죬¿յıѣһҩ԰Ѿַϯһգûʲôù˼ɵˡ
ôĵӣҪַĮһɨΧ漴Ų̤˳ȥЩҩɹ˽ַΧһĿȫŨɱһȻǵ𣬳ַ˹ȥ
ʣͣ֡𳽾һʽŲȻ̤ǰȥһɿֲĴ֮Щǿϣʹ岻Ҷ
ɱ𡣡ַŲ̤ǰȥ漴͵мö˦˳ȥ
ЩҩɹȺɫһ
ô᲻֪챤һλʦͣ޼ʦó֮ǰ֮ˣƺǡ
ſǣλʿȻʱַѾˣ˲Ϣѣɫֱӽǳ׵ûˣ˲Ϣɱ
Ⱥⱻɱͬ飬ַ㣬¶ɫʦ̫
ס֡Զһλʹֻ̤ҩɹפضѣ˲û̫ǿֻмλλʣ챤פһ
ľסǣȻҪɱҾݹҲַ磬ֱӳԶ̤ȥ彵һ֮ϣŲݺݵ¼̤ʱֲĻ˲Ϣն𣬷ϯƬ
λɫһʱľ׽ǵ嶼סַ㿪ʼͣ˸ÿ̤һطݺݵļ̤£ʹûգҩ԰ֱҪôգҪô
ûйƬ̵ʱ䣬ҩɹطſµĺɫ棬ʹҩɹ·𺣵а㡣
ԶȺߵ龰һɫֻͣоͷ˭ô󵨣ҹҩɹֱԻҩɹδҲ̫Ϊ޷ˡ
һλŵҩɹʿ𣬶ʱХһŭ˭ҩɹ
ַӲϵɨţԶǿϢֱ߶廯һ磬ֳŽ𳽾ķ˸ȥ
˺ộţ𳽾Ĳңұ㲻ˡַе˵ʹҩɹ˸оͷ·ס˰㣬Ǻް
òһֱڻҩɹҩݰɣλڳǿһλͽ𳽾սһλѹģסԼƾǿٶΪΪֱӾҩɹʱܵ衣
ʱ𳽾ҲôͷˣʱѾҩɹȴǵַ㲻ȻҪ̤ҵΪŰ
𳽡챤Ǻܺãҩɹˡǹǿ䣬һλλڣ֪κβ˶ԷַݣҪɱҲҪ˼ɡ
ɺޣ챤ľ޼ʦݣȻַҩɹŰ̫ˣǼˡ
˵Ļ𳽾Ҫѿжѿ챤йϵֻǸַɢģ𳽾Ҳްҩɹ˴ĳԹ޷ַģ˵ʲôֻ²޴
ľ壬𳽾ǻȥɣ´ν𳽾ǵҲҪҴַȺ˵ʹý𳽾ͷǺݺݵĳ鴤£漴һ˷׷׺󳷣ټսȥҩɹûսֻһ˫˫ɱӶЩԶȥӰ
Щ˵ҩɹʲôطˣŰһȥʳǼˣ
챤һ֮лصź⣡


1597 Թ
գŴɹ챤Ļз֮ƣ챤ҩɹפغаԵ˶ƻҩ԰ȡϧҩĵϢѾŴɹ챤챤ʦľԼľףʹҩɹº֣챤̫ˣο¼ŭҩɹ
ҩɹǿ߲ϸϸפأ챤ͬˣɵ֪Ϣ֮ǿ߽챤פء
֪ĶѾãҩɹ챤ҪսףھŴɹ챤߹Ȼֵÿ֣䡣
ҩɹǿλãĿһɨ¿֮ˣĵѾ˾Ŵɹ챤ҩɹ˺裬澡ʧλΪΣ
ˣʱЩΡ淽һλǿ߻Ӧһ֪챤ֻн𳽾Ϊ׵ļλڣû챤ĸ߲㣬ҩɹ챤δ˺ƹƤ𳽾ûκҩɹңҲûǵ
Ĳ޵챤ϲĻƣ𳽾ʮҲôǽ𳽾ѵľ֮ҶΪ
Ҳֿܣľ޼֮ˣóһЩ޷죬δҾŴɹ챤УϴαҩɹӣҩɹϿפأҩݣʱǿ֮Ҵ¼ģҲ챤£ҲǣΪͲںҵȡ
˼ڣҩɹ˶΢΢ͷǲޱ֮ˣ챤ǿĻʹôزǽ𳽾ΪֻĿһеľ
꣡ŵѣֵѺۣĮ˵ľ̫챤ľΪˣֻ챤ͷϡ
˶ͷף챤Ϊ¸ҩɹǲ챤ĻǻھŴɹ챤˻ⰺס
ܴ̽챤פض̬֪ͨҩɹպȥ챤פתһתʱ˵ɱ˸ľˣˣζԸ챤ҲǸһ壡
ͬʱ챤ͬټǿڴ֮Уλ˿ɫΪѿȻ״¿ɵӰ죬챤ɱҩɹפغаԵǴҩɹҩɹ̧ͷͬҩɹֳܹܵ衣
ʱ𳽾վ棬ͷǱĿоһǿҵѹָС
𳽾µľΣΣ챤ò׽ľʦܻľᶼľ𣬷ľһŭ֮뿪ǰװ˷ѡ
ȥúдľʦĮ³һȻѾֽ𳽾Ҳûκãֻ׼ú֮ˡ
ڴ˿̵ַ㣬·һе鶼ûйϵ㣬ľһΧ챤ĺפأƲϵĺ챤Χһƣľ׸еķͷų뵽ַµ·֮С
һƽ֯һ𣬻Ŀʥ֮â漴û޵ʧ·Ϊĸ壬ַ㶯ĽУЩʥƸֿʼϵĽ֯ƣС
Ҫ嫵챤פؿһҪ֯СĶվû׵Ǽһ뵱׵ۿʥ֮֮ʱһ̤ӡ·Ȼɣַ㽥ٶҲ
𳽾ַ㲻Զֻһֱǹţûȥַ
ַȻºҶΪ֮ʱͶ룬зƽյΪȫѵϵ츳ô𳽾ַͶа˵ַʱƽֳԸ񣬽Ȼ෴Ͷ롢ȫע
һӰ𳽾ߣȻɣ𳽾Ҫڣȴ΢΢˰֣ۿַ㲼Ƭ̣пǿÿһϸ΢ƶܳػӰĴ󣬶·֯ɣɶ֮ߣҪ츳רעԵרע̳ܿܵ󷨣רעˣǼ䣬һдɾͣԹʦҲǼǴͬɡ
ɵĻ򣬿·ӰɵЩôʦϵĳɾֻͣҲܸߡ
ЩǱúùľʦ󣬿ܷ򡣡ɶ˵ʱȺ΢΢ͷ
ַһ󣬱֮ãַȫͶУûͣ𳽾˱һֱյУۿգипľʦȻͬɴ˵һһУǽȫͶ뵽棬ݲκû̧ͷһۡ
ľһԶо̾һҹĲõУ·˷ܰ㣬û¶ƣ֮⣬ҿ֮ʱʼһ˿ľ̾ǰ˵ԭ֮һɡ
ʱַƹճһʣһ̵Ѿվ챤פΧһͼ֣ɴ֮⽻֯ɡ
ɣַ΢΢һӡͼĵ㣬ʱһâͼȥֻƬʱ䣬嫵ңһâơС·֯һĴ
ƣеĽ𳽾ȻһϿ¿ȥ챤⻪·ûһ֣һ£·ʱܻŰ㡣
ͷŵĻ֪жǿ󡣡𳽾૵һи̾ҹˡ
ɴ˵ûľʦ㲻Ҳдɾ͡ҲпһΧǿ߽٣Ǵ챤ǰ챤ҩɹǲòҩɹı
ҲƳɹˡַ̤յУ𳽾ǰЦ˵
ľʦˡ𳽾һЦһμַ֤ϵĿֲ裬Խо챤һҪúýύַ㣬ַ㣬пܳΪһµʦ޼۵ĵ·
ôһ죬ַվ޼ϲ㣬ֺ챤ã˵ҩɹɽҲ챤ӵðɡ
챤Ϊô࣬Ҿౡ֮ҲȻ֮£һ˵ַϵЦŨζ챤ȴΪ˺ܶأ
ַ㻰֮ʱ챤ǿüͷһ壬漴ǵͶԶգĿ֮Ŷ
ַҲعͷȥ漴ңԶ֮һӰƶһĻַǹһĨǳЦôɰ


1598 ֮
ҩɹ˵ˡ챤פΧ̧ͷкӰʱͷ̲ס£ҩɹľ챤ˣϴˢһյĳ衣
λҩɹ챤פغ¡ʱЯ˴ԶХֱҩɹǿ߶ȥ˴ҩɹ߲ƣȻԷ챤פأζҪкġ
ɣ֪ҪʡҩɹΪ֮ǰʣֻ˫һʱǧ¿պ˹ȥЩͬһ޽㣬ֱ챤פصĽ֮ϡ
ֻ֮䣬һΪҽȺӴţҩɹ˴ε࣬ȫǿߣ֮µˣսʸûС
ǰʶˣҩɹ˷׷׳֣ϵĽ챤פصĽҪƬ֮Ϊƽأ챤յΪǴҩɹʳ𣬸ûˡ
սɣɱ˵ʲôһĻԼǱֲѪɵ챤ӰʱΨ³սѵһزôҲٽκˣҩɹȻôɱˣ챤Ҳ¡
ɽŲһ̤ʱչĻ֮䣬ɱǰߣ챤ʷ׷׳֣ҩɹɱȥ嫻ս챤פصϿš
ԶȺߵսʱһ£ҩɹ챤ڿʼײˣһ˭û飬ҲûκεķϻֱӾǿսǲ̮ĽȺֻоͷţһս֪ݱɺ־棬սĽΣ챤ҩɹǳ˺ˣԽԽˡ
ʱַվһݶϿգĿеĴսƽˮûаĲһУڳԤķţȻֻ챤ҩɹϢ飬ԶԶû꣬Ȼ˫ѱսַ㿴𣬿ǻأǵìһμһΡ
ַûв뵽ս֮УֻǰĿţҩɹҲɱϾɱһ޼Ǳʦϵ̫ǻôûܹȷַ޼ĵλǺݣһĿ˵ľʦ޼ãҩɹǶҪѡ
ԣµʼٸַ㣬·һ˰￴ţƺһжûйϵȻżַܵĿ⣬ҩɹǿģǸʩѹ
챤óֲͬķҩɹǿߣǵ඼ֲйأܹ꣬ءַ㿴˫ս˵һλҩɹǿߣһŵɫİɫֲ꣬ʹԡڵɫ׹Уҹâҩɹǿߣ֮߱Ч
ȻǿصżʣԷӵҲȻһ챤һѹȽϴˣԵȫҩɹǿߣһЩƸЧ˲ָ챤ǿһˣս᲻ѹƣңҩɹǿͶ챤ԷѾ챤б
ˣսľƣ챤ھԵƣ˿Ѿһλǿ߱ˡ
ǰҪҳ֣ܿڱǣ챤շҪҩɹ֮ˡַĿңɷʣδ֣ɿڣһˣҩɹɵ챤ϡ
бҪԻͷʦһմӡɱ£ӡܻһɫĽɫչһУΪĵĿռ䶯·ȫΪռ
챤ҩɹ֮սַ֮С翴ʴս̫ˣĻսʼꡢǿʢµķͨǿʥƹÿһóĲͬǵĹҲͬϾٸǿĳɾͣЩɸǿʢ¡Щʵصȵȡ
С߳Ƶʣںҩɹʽ֮ʱԵǱǶ֣ڸ涼ҲǽɻʣԷƿزˣӳȻ
ʱֻһŭХ֮лصڣһλ챤ʱֲĸʴ͸ֲĸʴʹ嶼ڻҪһ̲ŧˮҵХ
ҩɹǺܺáɿ䣬ʱһľʦ֣
챤ѾǿˣҲ˼ɲô࣬ȻҩɹҪ˺챤գɱɡ
áַ¶һĨЦ⣬漴Ųһ̤򣬶챤˵λ뵽
ɴһʱ챤ǿȫַַ߳ľ΢΢ͷľζȻ˳ԮЩס챤ǿߡ
һӰٵַߣȻҩɹǿҲѹ˹ϷŹľƺҪˣҲҪƬλá
ռݱԵ֮أǺȥַ㵭³һӰ漴˫ͬʱӡȥȻ䣬ֲ·ʼֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬챤˸âҫ죬ֲĲ
ߣգҩɹİʸղŻû̫⣬Ͼַǿѵвôʲɣ˿ŵɲǣȴоĲϢɷ֮ңһֲĴ
ɱַŭХһʱرز·Ƭ涼նڲ֮֮УȻ䣬¡¡Ļֻ֮һع֮ϡ
һУһУΪޡ
챤˿һһ֮񷣬ֻоķĲһλ֮˿̳һعڿգڵסǵҰһȥֻޱ޼ʵĻع
ҽֻһλҩɹǿ߱عֱӱѣޡ
ǰ˵Ĵ
챤Ⱥľף˿ͷҲţ˫ֶ΢΢ǧ֮һһУǣַ̳Ĵľַ󣬵˿ȴԼЩš
챤פȺ߻صһĻһ죬۾ɵͭ󣬶Ƭ澰ֻоƿԡ
ʱģַ㸺ֶ̧ͷԼ̳󷨣ޱ޼ʵķҲΪƽԷ̣ܷӳ
˫ȭգһ촫ַĿһĨǿţа֮ţǳ֣ǧһض


1599 
ȻַԼ͹󷨵޼۹УѾеķ̣֮ʵ൱һλǿ߿µ󷨣ɱ֮ǿ֪
ɿһַ㣬ֻһֶİȻӰֻо΢Щɺԣţ챤Ҫϧһдۣύӣ޼۹󷨴ʦҲ̲ʱգӱسɴ򡣡
ַƽʱĿһУһ֮ʱǹרעݣʱַıӰҲо˵İȫаıǮɫƫƵ꣬޷͸Ҫ͸Ҫģ㾡У챤õĹϵ
ǰɴ˿ûôҩɹ֮˵ˣַߣɵ˵ľʦɾͣҲл׷޼ǰ
ַɵĻ΢΢תЦܣʮ֮һˡ
ľʦǫˡɿַ˵ţʼ͸ŵİȻţ֪ԷһǫѷĻľԼҲ뷨гһճɾ޼۰
ǰ챤֮˵ɱԼפصĻ𣬻¡ַɱһǸ⣬æҡͷﲻ챤һפضѣǿ߶֮ص˲ôҪڽؽձӡ
ȻоһЩϧҲַǰἰģڷַ㶼ĳ̫ˡ
˱áַ΢Цŵͷȴ䣬ЩǿĴһ䶼챤ˣֻҪҪɸôںǵԼ˶ĮӣСˣھŴɹ챤ƿУС磬еѡ
ϨһյĻû֮ʧһ·Ҳİȥ
Ⱥٿ챤פأ˿ֻоĲƽ
챤פأΪƽأĿֻ꣬ԶһЩٷ廹ڣȫֻǷ档
λ֮ƣҲûĿ°ɣ˲ɨһУء
̧ͷ˵Ŀ⳯ȥֻ߿֮ϣӰ԰Ϊ׵λǿߡ
ֻʣˣˣȫˣȺͷ鴤һλʣ䡣
ȺǰѾһƬƽأǵ͸ַϣʦľɣ챤פؿ˿µĻ̫ˡ
֮Уʵ΢΢ţеڲղѾвˣٶ㹻죬һҪûһλǿߣвλʣʲô
ν֮¾ϣǿ̸Ҫ߱ɱʣǲ֮£ô£Ҳֻ˵һƣˣǴƬС߳ģλλ֮䣬еĲͬǿֲģҪԽսѣԽߣԽԽսӴ˿ɼλʺĲ࣬޷㣬λǰ˾ϣǰһλɱҩɹߴʣҲգǰ
˿ַľʦҩɹΪУ֣ľʦĪҪƽϣ챤֮գˣҩɹˡ
ߡʻ֣ʱλʱɨ챤һۣ漴ڿȥɵҲû׷ȥ
ҩɹȫ챤ˣľɱǵʣǾȻľǸȺаһǰʵǺڶݵ˲˵ǣľǸƲľµĹϵҩɹľ̬ȣȻ˵Ǽˣȫ챤ľʦ޹أ˶ľɱġ
λʱλʣ˲䱻ɱôֲ࣬ǿҵȻܹƽ˭ף޼ľȿµĿҩɹǶֺģòҪԹԺ»㡣
챤Ҳ֪ҩɹ뷨ʱĿ⿴Եַһۣа⣬ҪģǸõַĹϵҩɹһ˳Ȼ
ַаЦһУԤеķչøʱҩɹ챤뵽յľ棬ַһˣַһҩɹ챤˶ľ档
ľʦնлˣߵһоͽҵȣʦܻƷϢáɶַ˵ַ΢΢ͷЦȻˣұ㲻ˡ
𳽾ʣغƷ棬ľʦκεķԸִСֵһ𳽾ͶǵȻ״˿ַ챤Ҫԣ̫ǿʢ¡
ǣˡӦһַһ뿪Ʒȥ
վԭأ˿ӡڴе·Ȼʧ
ˣҪҪʱһ˿˵ֻĿⶸȻɨһۣǳ񣬵Ժ˵ֻˡ
ɵȻ֪ԷʲôҪһַµʵҲһԣʹַ㲻ˣ㰴뷨һַԼ˵ƿᶯ֮ġ
Ȼַ̳ܿǿ󷨣ôԿ̵ڶ
챤֮£ԿֲٶӳȥϯƬܿӵ˾Ŵɹ챤ǵУ𺳣ľصΪ˲ɱλҩɹʣλǿߣľ֮˲֪
ʱɹפأɫ֮Уһλλǿλã˵λο
Ⱥüͷţһλʿڣľֲ˹޼ĵλܷǱѰǺĵ
Ϊ֮΢΢ͷվǰĿ⳯ǰȥҴɹľԹһڶ룬ֻǴɹҩɹδ֮ľ챤֮˴ҩɹһ£ҵĴǷ񱾾ľΪ
˵˼ǣľǺ޴ɹҩɹⱨڳɫ΢ɫΪÿ
ҲĵģҴɹľĶԹʵģľǺޣԺ»Ҵɹǳǽɫǿüͷ壬˵
ΪǸ˿ʵ
ֻǿ߳ĬƬ̣漴ĿһϣХһЩͬһЩǰ챤Ǹ
ɫһǴɹҪһ֮ô


1600 ˵
ɽŨһƬľ֮䣬Ӱϯضм䣬ڷһ֡
ʦܣҲͬиɻ硣һ֮һ³ֻ΢΢ЦԵøУ䣬Ҳûа֮⡣
泾ʦּЦˣСǴ֮áǱֵǿ΢ЦҡͷҲûе֮ɫ
޼˵Ǵ֮ã泾㲻֪ܹˡ泾ʿŶӰЦžŴɹ챤һʦΪߴǿߣЩλʶǣǺεȵ޼˲űֿ֪֪λ޼ȥ˾Ŵɹ챤
֮ɱߴʣЩλʣüͷ΢΢һµ棿
Ȼ¾շɽǲھŴɹ챤֮ص˼Ҳŵ֪泾ͷŴɹ챤ɽϽشȻɽκ飬ɻǲפǣ̽Ǳ߷һЩ£գ챤͵һλޣ֮ɱɱҩɹߴʣɽİ߼泾ʲŻ֪¡
֮ܲó˿µҡͷҲ泾ʲܻƭ
Ӧǽеķ泾ʻӦһ
ǽ˷֮ҲҪ´ܾ߱૵޼ĴѾ֮࣬˸ûлһЩ֮ˣ֮вλʴֻ֪޼λܹӦòŶԡ
泾ʦ֣֪֣ںδ׶泾ʵ
˵ʦľ챤פ͡泾ʺЦףʹɫһ챤פء
ľľ૵޼λôߣϾҲһԱ˽ܳĺ޼֮ˣû˵ģûŹľ֮
泾ʦ֣ұ챤û뵽£ҪȥһҾûŹɻЦݴż֮⣬޼Ȼû泾ʿЩɡ
Ŷ泾ʿһۣ漴΢ЦŵͷҲãҲʱûл챤ˣʦŸյãϢһգ̰ɣ⣬һǲһЩͬʦһǰпܵĻʦɽ
Ȼˣʦֵ˼΢΢ͷҲһʱΪ챤ϵΪ츳ΪɽΪɽޣңҲв裬˻Եɺ֮£ֽ޼
챤ЩƵ˽ӴɽΪЩһʧȥƣǺ챤ǶԼĵϵǵȻϣиܹɽиõǰ̣ʰ硢곽ˣˡ
ɽҲȥɽ޵δϾЩ˵츳ǿһ̶ȣȥɽӵиأɽȥЩˣʵҲԸΪϵŴɹ챤ɽ֮䣬Ĺϵͺһ챤ˣɽ߳ɽΪ޼֮ˣŴɹ챤в٣һգ泾Żַܾ㣬ϵ̫ӡ

챤פأһСǳѾɣﱻΪƽأһҹ֮䣬¥ƽָֻϺ֮ƣǿƵ磬Ҫؽһǳضѣο챤һСǣȻס
ʱؽ챤פ֮⣬һȺӰЩ˾ɫĳۣͬлƽ
ɹ֮ˣ챤ݻᡣХפ֮⣬͸У챤פ֮ڡ
Ƭ֮󣬽𳽾˸Ц챤£
ҵǰݼľʦ𳽾ͨһХЦ˵ԵøĿ
𳽾Ŀ΢΢˸˲²⵽Щ˵˼ɹַйСĦַչֳǿ֮󣬽ХЩǰȻΪƽϢմɹַĶԹġ
ȻЩݻַģ𳽾ǲǰݼģǱַ֪˱㲻ˡ
Ŵɹ˽챤פأƷķȥûйãһƷĵϡ
λԵƬ̣ȥͨʦһ𳽾Х˵Х΢΢ͷЦŻӦͷ𳽾ˡ
ʱַʯͤУڱĿ񣬽𳽾ߵʯͤͣ£ľʦ
𳽾⽫ѹúܵͣ·¾ַ㣬ȻʱַعͷŽ𳽾ȥЦ𳽾𣿡
ľʦɹХЯһЩɹ֮ǰݼ֪ľʦǲ𳽾ַ㻺˵
Хַ¶һĨȤɫ漴¶һĨЦ⣬⵹Ȥո߸ϸ֮ˣŰݷô
𳽾ǽɡַŽ𳽾Ц𳽾΢΢ͷ漴£ʱХʯͤ⡣
Хһμݺַ㣬Ȼͬеǰ㣬òƽ棬ɫ΢ЩƣΪֻ֮ڽֵ϶˵ע⣬һ֮ͨˣȴһλµʦ
ХЯɹ֮ˣݼľʦХǳĿ˵ȻܲԸˣȴ˵ϣĥϵҲþܾ
𣿡ַƽĿǰХɫ䵭
ǰʱҴɹľʦЩ֮£´ȫҴɹ֮ϣҴɹѾЩŴʦ֮ˣ˴ǰݻʦΪǸౡ֮⣬ԱҴɹǸ⡣
Х˵ǰȥһöָϣݸַ㡣
ַ㽫ָӹХ˻ԭأַʼıеĹַ֮¶һĨЦ⡣
ɹ֮ˣҪɱңҪЩֶΣѾɹϣڣһǸ͹ôַĽָеĻȴʹХɫ΢
ľʦҪҴɹʦҴɹХѹͷİɱֵÿͿ
Ϊ˱һ³⣬ǣܷ˵ַ建վưĿ⿴·ХƽȴʹХͷ£һŭҪڶ˵


1601 ¶
ľʦҴɹǳǸģϣʦΪѣǴʦʲôҪҴɹȫ㡣Х΢Щ䣬δ̫Щǹ˵ХǴɹһĽܳһ֮¹δ棬̧ͷˡ
֮ǰҲַ㷭ֻѹͷŭ⣬ɿͿ
Хɹɫ΢΢˱䣬Ψ𳽾¶һĨЦ⣬վ챤Ȼϣɹַַ̫źá
ɹɱ֮ʱ磬߸ϣֱƻڣȹģȻǸоίɡַͣް֮⣬ʹХĿ΢΢ǾȥղһˣַԴɹԹ޸
ҵ¹ľʦ½⣬Ҵɹľʦ֮ԹɷɢХ۾΢΢漴һɫĿ˵
Ҫԡַ˻ʱͷΪû뵽Х費ɣȻֳࡣ
áХ¿漴¡
˵գ嵱ȹ£ϥأͷҴɹǰжԲסʦ֮£ľʦ¡
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Х̧ͷųĬԵַ㣬ڵȴַĴ𸴡
ַôַ㣬ǹһĨЦ³һ֣
ХͷݺݵĲ£һ֮Ȼ𣬷·лڰ㣬Ѿϥأַģֻһ֣ǺεԼ̬֮
建վХͦñֱַ΢΢Ƿʦˣ۴ʦοҴɹѾǸ⣬ǡ
ַ΢΢Х뿪˴˵أХıӰַĿޱ飬˱ǿ̫ˡ
λߡ𳽾Ц£ƺΪģɹٶȼӿ죬Ըڴ˵Ƭַ̣޼֮ˣǿʢᶯֻɱַ㡣
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ûʲô⼸׼ǱҪǰַŽ𳽾ڵ
Ǻã𳽸ǡ𳽾ȥȵ뿪ַ֮üͷȴ΢΢ƺ˼ʲô㡣
ɹ˶ǸˣХϧ¹򣬿ɼӰ⵽ǸǻַеԵЩüչ
һӰַߣȻľס
ʲôءľ׼ַüͷɵЦһ
ǿʢӰ̫󣬲ַ֪ĿͶľףֻľЦȷʵһأ²֪ҪԶ޼ش򣬾̫ңԶˣϢҪȥҲҪʱ䣬㵹Ҳصʲô
ľ״ûйַŴɹ챤ĶԹԹôãľַ챤ҩɹԼɹ֮䣬ǰжԹģַûбҪô
ˣҲҪ̺ú·ǡַЦһӵ޾بм䣬ôϢܿᴫ޼Ŵɹ챤˲ȥ޼̽ʲô޼һһ֪֮߱ɱʵܻܿǰ
˵ûȷҪ׼ú·ľΪȻĵ˵ͷŴɹ챤䲻޼ôӴ󣬵Ҳһǿһ֪ǲ޼֮ˣܹܶ˲²⵽ˣַ㣬ڴĻǵǼĹϵҰǣ֮û˻ɣҪԭȻַ̫ǿϵĳɾͣڸ̫ණʹ˵ļϣ޼ˣ·Ȼ¡
ȥһЩַľ΢΢ͷ漴Լķȥľ׿ַıӰ˸£漴Цҡҡͷַƺкܶܣ޹أַΪϣٰ
һַ㵹Ҳ˽𳽾֮û
ڶգ챤פ֮⣬Լһɽ֮ƶԼ곽УֱӼɽפϿշ
״ˡʱ𳽾ڿն𣬿֮΢΢ǷΪ״˾Ȼˣ״޼ȻλôߣϾ޼
ã״˺ľʦཻ𳽾š
ףˡʱҲ̤յУ׵¶һĨЦ⣬Լɶ챤ϵһҼһٮٮߣȻΪϤ
ֳ΢ЦŶ˵˵ͷ漴һ˳¿նȥ
ףôҲ֪ͨһ
˴޼һЩ飬޼˱ǲѰһˣɽͣһգֱӻˣҲûʲôҪ֪ͨġЦԵˣ˵챤һλ޼ʦҺú
һֱ˿˿ʣ޼ܴҲĶ࣬ľֻͨһλû˵ҲǣľȴΪ̳ʵĴвλʣ޼ҲôûľȻҲǼ˻Ҳ˵
û뵽㶼˵ˡЦ£漴ַԼóһᵽ˱ľף֮׵üͷø
ôˣ׵ķӦ
Ҳȷ֪ǿеľʦ޼Ӧû˲ŶԣȼΪ롣׿˵ʹɵɫһûˣ
ףϸ룬˴ιϵشҪɫأҲйһ˿뷨Ϊǰַͷ˲䱻ǿȴǱľᣬʱô˵ʹòء
֮˿߱ɱʵ޼һЩ츳Ǹ˵λʶɱܹ꣬޼ֻôλҶҿܳΪ˱һȼ̽һ˵
ãҴȥҪ¶Եļ͵ģҲҪ͸¶޼֮ˡ¶˼ɫصĵңķ޼֮ˣҲҪӳ飬һλǿʦǱء
ס΢΢ͷѾ˼ַ̽㣬ǵĽŲĳƷķȥȴһ


1602 նԻ
Ʒ壬ɵ̤Ŷֻľһٷ̻֮Ż󷨣ַӰȴûм
ľ״ʦɵǰȥǲûˣֻɡסɡ𳽾Լ곽
ľ׻عͷкüİף۾ڼϴ¡
ľ״ʦ£ֵԼɣҺ곽ľ׽£Цŵľʦڿɻ㣿
ľʲô𣿡ľͷ΢΢˶һ
ֵҲϲ󷨣ľʦ֮Ҫľʦ˳ֽһЩϵ⡣ûб¶쳣Цľ˵
ԭˣҰʰɡľ׿һۣ漴΢Ȼ㽵ַסķ⣬ţ漴洫ַ
ľ߽䣬ַÿһ֮Ŀ⳯ľͶȥ
ľ챤һλó֮ˣҪ㡣ľ׶ַ㿪˵ͬʱһ챤λİף׵Ϊλʣ֪˴ǰʲôĿġ
ַ΢΢ͷʾˣվȻ챤ͣȻҪģǳȥɡ
ӵ˵ͷ漴˿ųȥ
ľʦɵ˼ַʱַ΢Цŵͷûнֻɱ¶ɫ䡣
ǰΪ£ַЦ˵ĿɨһԵˣɺ곽ϵõģףҲǵһμ
ľʦֵףҲʹʦһַָ˵ʱַ㽫Ŀϡ
ľʦ̳֮ɱʵڴʦǰ˷ǰֻǰݻһ¡׷ǳĿľʦҲѾмʮʱ⣬ȻһЩʼ޷ңľʦȴ裬ָ֪ܷһкǷȱ֮
˵ָ㣬дӡ֤ɣһ󷨣ҹĦһַ㲢֪ЩǰĿģСĵӦš
ãľʦָʯͤеʯΣַ߹ȥ£ľмʯϿ̻·ֿƣۻ룬ʯ֣һһԲԾң͸ŨŨշ
׿󣬷ǳϸʵ
С۶ɣСʥƾۺһ𣬶ʥƽ֯ɣһһ䣬һҪÿһһԶܷӳҿܻң˺Խ԰ѿȫ֣ȥƿ֮С
׿һС󷨣һչƽ֯ǣ֮Ŀַ̧㣬ȴַĻش
ǰⲻҲ˵Ϊһһǰװѿأ˺棬Ӵ򽥽ƿزˣҲζǰ̵оԣֻܵһĳ̶ȣעԶ޷̻츳ʹȻνɣԺ󶨻Ƶġ
ַЦ˵漴͵ĳʯӡ£̼䣬һ·֯ɣпµԣ·Ȼɣַ㼸ӡӡ֮ʱһ·Ѿ֯һСʯϵ󷨣һֻɲ̣ͬңַ̻󷨣ԡ
ɫӲ£ַղŵĻڸûϵ츳Ҫǿֻǧȥֲ츳ϵĲ㣬ײԸϣַ㼸ӡӡɵʹҲУֻоܴһĿġ
׵ɫƬָ̱糣Цľʦϵ裬Īʦڿ֮ʱܵ޼ʦĵ㲦֪ʦɻã
˵̧ͷַ㣬ɫЦƵᣬ·ֻǲһʡ
ʦޣ޼֮£֪޼ǷоʦˣǰЦˡַ̧ͷЦݺ㣬μ佫ԷĻǵһʻʹ΢΢¡
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ԭˣľʦ츳ɿѹֻȳɾͣΨЦ֮˵׿Цҡͷ漴ʵ޼򣬶ƬǿмҪϳ޼ʹ޼ȫѰ޼ĵ۹ľʦ츳ձسɴΪ޼ﵽ޼֮
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ľʦĪ֡æ˵漴ֲ⣺ռʦұ㲻ʦ徲ˣǡ
ַ㲢δĵ˵ͷ漴׵˷׷ȥʱʧַߵС
ַȥ֮üͷɵԵľ׶һۡ
ղǼ仰Ǵ޼ڱҲûвˣǾʦ¶׫ġľ׶ַ㴫˵ղַشڶ仰֮ǰ㴫ַ㣬ַԷĻ©ٳ
ַ˵ͷ૵Ҫ¶ˡ
ղʦչؿΣõİ취ΣȴѲöԷġ
ľ׵˵ͷҲʶҪ¶ˡ
һߣ¼ٷ壬һ˵˸
ףοһ
ղһе˺ȫǺҶ׫Էʦش𣬵Ƿǳ׷ʦ˭л˵ʦ͸¶ˣɣľʦܲ޼֮ˡ
׻£ʱɵһâľ޼֮ˣ
еķâ޼ˣôĿʲô
Ͼһλǿʦȥϸ¡ɿ˵£ƺЩˣҪϸ̽һַ֮Щʲô飬ƲĿģ챤òȡ̬ȶԴðʦ


1603 ˺
챤פصһУɵ˵ɫǸղŷַ֮ΪоǳԾ
ǰ˶Ϊ޼ľʦƢŹֽڿȴоǹԴɹҩɹô˵һǰҩɹ֮ʧǿΪɻ˵üͷ塣
Ļֻҩɹǽ챤Ҳƽȥˣ𳽾нɫâ˸ЩΪҩɹʵҲԽ챤ȥΪַΪѾʹ챤ҩɹ֮ޡ
Ľ챤Ҳƽȥˣ̫ˡɫԽأɿףʵףȷľʦ޼֮ˣ
ӦȷǣûбҪαװΡ׵˵ͷ
˸£漴Ŀ⿴𳽾ǰ챤һˣ
𳽾һ漴˵ͷ峯ŴȥҪˣȻ޼֮ˣô㽫ôһλʦ֣Ϊãǣʱɻɻľʦ챤ԩ޳ΪҪŴɹ챤ڲľأ
ȵ٣һе㶼ӭжˡ
ɣԼƬפصľܹ󣬻һУǱСĽֵһյɱһУλ˲ɢһҪľ󷨡
ס΢΢ͷͷж׼ӭһĻһǰƷ壬ľסһõһλǿʦģҩɹҲֵõġ
һжɵĽţһУƷϵַƺ֪ɳоС
ʱ仺Ĺȥ챤פ֮ķһߵӰͬ𳽾һߣȻ
ˡһֱڵȣʱڿգǰ
ɵ˶ǳֻƽĵ˵ͷ˫Եø
ģƽʵ
Ʒϣߡɿڣס𳽾һλλʡһλλǿߣλóշλʣݣľľױҲѷɣϾˣһλʣǳ¡
ܿ죬˱ͨ˵ţһƷϣʱַ㻹ʯ֮ͤУʯַԼ·ڵϿ̻ʲô㣬ƺ󷨡
ľʦԶַ㺰һݣû׼ȿַ㣬˲á
ַ㿴ǣȻһУȻ¶ˣ챤ҪͶԸСһԸڵľһλʦס
ǰк£ַװЩá
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ҪĻվˡַ˵ɿַ㣬˸ͣľ̬ȫˣҲѾ֪ˡ
Ǻǡ¶һĨЦĿⶸȻȻѾ̯ƣ㲻ҪˣϷ֮ʱһɫչĻ֣ǿʢ
ľʦð޼챤Ϊ£һֱ˵ʵ
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Ȼɫ䣬ľʦкκô𣿡
ϲַЦ
ȻˣľʦԶ챤ɡڷŲһղ˲Ϣʧԭأַȥ
ַڿɶһɲǽŲϺݺݵļ̤£Ȼ䣬ַĽ£һɫĹĻͼɣųĿ֮⣬УǿӶ
סǵ·һʱһֻӡַϣȻڴʱľߵַǰһȭ˳ȥӡ΢΢赲Ƭ̣ţһĻַľ׵ɫĹգһâʧ
󷨡ӡʯͤץñѵʯͤ飬ǹĻͼ˸ţַһռ󷨣пռ䴫һƹЧ
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ѿշСġʽŲһ̤չĻǰУѿշӵпµ˺£˲佫չĻ˺飬߳Ⱥȥ
ˡһ屬ˣ漴ַֻ͵һʱмŶӹȥ
ַŭһʡɵڿնԶַϵ̫£ǲҿ϶жǿȻȵڿ֮ȴ֣ûбѣǱַϷˣˡ
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㿪ȫڿաɿһɺͶǲҪҲ֪ʱҪ˱ܣշ֮͵Ĳǵ쵽ͬ񷡣
챤һΰɡַͬһһĹ񷣬Ƭ嫵̼䱻ݻ
߳ȥľվַԣ̧ͷգַصһɲǣ챤Щǿ߾ͿʼڿӶˣóٶȱҩɹҪ죬ɱǼӵúܿˣǳȥ⡣
ȥַŲһ̤Ȼ䣬һ֮ţһΣǺ棬رƿһ޾ĺڶ
㾹Ȼ·֮󡣡ľ΢΢һĿַһۡ
Ҳƻ֮󣬵󷨵ʱ򣬱һַ֡㿪ڵߣ챤ǲô׷Źңץʱ䡣


1604 
챤פ֮⣬ͷǻһĻɵɫô£ΪľʦĻٴο
һΣƺû챤ɣ׷ʲô
ȵ󷨽ϨȺֻ֮ϣ챤һӰɫѿĶ·ĺڰڡ
챤פһα𣬻ôˣȺǴ֮ˣ΢ʲôǺ챤еλߣ˺ܶǿߣЩǿ߱챤һǿ
ѵǰҪľʦʹľʦߣ˴챤פһΪƽأгִ󵨵Ĳ²⣬뵽ǵ˵ȷųֿܣ޷ʹ˿̷һС
ߵ³һɳƵĺ֮Ŀַַ֮˺ΣգߣҵǶַΪǣ챤ʲôԹһҪ¡
ǰȥɹɱȥ֪ͨɹ֮˱ճǡ漴һ̤˳ȥշ壬ֻһɫĹзɳۣת˲ʧ˷׷׷Ӧ˹Ҫ뿪Ŵɹ챤򣬱Ҫߴɹڵǣַҿ񱼣ȴ޼ɵһַǰͷ
ιӰ磬˲Ϣʧԭأȥ׷ɱַ㡣
ȻԶ֮ǿǵĶԻͷһҪľʦҪɱ챤˴󵨣޼ľʦ
ɹפؾ챤פزû̫ԶɵٶȺεȿ£ûжñ㵽ˣֱ̤˴ɹפصһдǰݻᡣ
ɹһӰڿնХԼХǰȥ챤ľǸλʶڡ
ɣҴɹ£λǿֱʵɵļƣƺ淢ʲô顣
ľʦ޼֮ˣǼðĿΪԸɹҩɹԼ챤ǣ챤ҩɹϵĿı¶֪ͨɹǱɹǳڣľڲɽһͷԶ˾Ŵɹ챤򡣡
ɹǿ߶С
ȡХɵĻֻоͷ΢ʹؿڶµûţ޼֮ˣ
¡һֻ֮ХϵĻƽʥţһƽޣȻ޼ˣ¹Իֻһ֡
˻棿ɹλǿҲһɫѿɹ裬ȴʹﱻϳɸľ޼֮ˡ
ΪһῪЦôɫ࣬ʹöԷſɱ⣬ŭ챤ɵĺ£ߡ
˵գ͵ľգ̤뿪׼ȥɱľԼľס
˵ַľڰǱУٶȵȷҪܶ࣬׼߳Ƭɹǵʱ򣬷ԼѾˣȻʱַľ׶һףַľ׵׶ַСʹùģϲģټͬУһһ˶ʵ˸ϲ
ַ㣬Сľ׶ַ㴫һַ΢΢ͷڶǵƤ̤˴ɹǵУǿַΪأ۾ɨַãַŵϢ֮Ǳ˾裬һλޣӦò
ľ׵ȵַ֮Ҳ棬βַԶаַߵȻ˿ȻַαװҲǿַͷŵϢܹϢ䣬˳˳
ַٶȲ̫죬ʱյкХ֮΢΢̧ͷַ㿴ɹһǿߺХֱԶĺɹ
ã챤ȻִɹˣǴɹǵĻ鷳ˡַ㿴ҲڴɹȺУвɵðһ
һЩת˲ʧǰӰַ֪ˣǴɹĵ̣嫵ޱߣԷһ֮ǰǣɹŹһλʦ
ľǰǳȥˣɹؽǡַع켣Ⱥ֮Уľ״һ
Ŵɹ챤Ϊλ⣬ǵȱüգ챤ˣɹҲˣҪӱĵطǿдȥػᾪɹǿߣһðգɹǿܲ׷ǡ
ðգǳΣաַаһֻҪɹһЩǿߣǲѷɡ
ǲ÷ǣǾǵȣڽ֮աľ׵ǺܵȻǵݶѾ׵ĸı䣬ȺҪȺнҵ̸ס
˶Ի֮ʱյһĻžĻͬһƹ㣬һš
澵⡣ַĿһľ׶ף⾵ɨʱֱӽǳصı
ľǰһҿջŰɡַľ״˵漴뿪ѰסȥˣʱɹԼŴɹ챤Ѿףľʦ޼ӡ챤׷ɱϢѾ˳ȥҩɹ֪Ϣ֮ôǱַ㺦ҵģȫ׷ľ
ʱ֮󣬴ɹ뻺ཻĵش֮Уһλ챤ǿ߽յĹžջأɫôÿ
Ҳɫһ
ԼɹǶˣûУҲ²⣬Ǻܿиͷ֮ͨףȻҲȥǣԺС챤ǿ߻˵
ߣ챤ǿЦҪʸʦȴ˴Цʷ̿ڣ֪ľ޼֮ˣ챤ҩɹĶԹûôƽϢ
챤ȺɫÿȷǸЦַ㻹ãò£ˡ
ʱһ˸ıݣ֪һ˿Զǵһˣ̹ģΪôӦ̤زŶԡ
챤ҩɹɹţȻ䣬ԽԽ˺г
ǣжȻ˵޼ͭƬʱ޼ͭƬǱַõ𣬻УǰϢҵ޼۹
ԣֻеһʱ򣬲ŻΪͣͲǰʵԽԽ棬̫ˣһеìͷƺָһˣĲԽԽ˿µ˵츳ǵõ޼۵ֿܣ


1605 ƻ
ʼԵĿ˸ݣɵԺʵʲô뷨
ͷţ뷨ԼĲַ㣬Ѿƿôµôĳɳδ̫ˣǰַйһμ򵥵ײ꣬ҵ޼۹
ף뵽ľһ³˵Ļ£ʱΧ֮˵Ŀȫϡ
ˣֱӳʶ棬ʵ
ַ㡣³ʹΧնȻ䰲˲䣬ͷ΢΢£Ȼǵѱ꣬ǾŴɹ챤СƿȨʱ꣬ȥٴγ֮ʱЯҹ飬ޱȣǿפ챤һҲ챤Ȯ
ַ㡣һ֮ɫҪ̤ҩɹꡣ
ХϹƽʥ뵽ַ˵֮ѹԷ˵ַ㲻̸ûʱʱѾɱַ㣬ľַ㣬Ǳȫľأ̤ϡ
к˵ַ㣿ɵľѣɷǳ侲ǵĿⶼʣŶԷش
ַӵзǳ֮ҲĿУַ챤ҩɹɹгɻǵҩɹλǰȥݷľ֮ʱľֱǹ£ַʦǰȥҩɹʱ򣬱ҩɹǿ¹򡣡
˵ſ˰һۣôһ˵ʸ˼֣пַ㣬ǵĸЩơ
Уַ㵱Ϊأδ󷨿Խͣȥˣ󣬵һƷʱľ֪ҪʲôֱߣΪľַ㣬ʶ
ʻ˵ҲľַʵֻǻһЩ֮ء
ַ㣬ʱ䣬ͽ֮ǿɿʵ
ˣͻȻ˶ǰһ£ʱַ㣬侳뵽ʲôɣĵС֮ʱԤ߶Ը̤˽ԤԣַΪأҶ˵ˣԼַ츳ɼһߡ
ô˵ʮ֮˾űˣĻɫɱ
Ȼַ㣬ûʲô취ɶŶʡʵЩ˺ַһСַӦϤ֪ܷа취ַҳ
ʺɵʻ¶˼ɫҪһǵнһҳܡ
ǣԼһâҪڳѣַ߳
Լüûɵɡ
һ취һԡɫĮڵ챤УַλʦֵܣַһλѣǵвַĻҲ߳
ҲΪַΪļλʦֵԼɵ֮˶ԼǼϧǰ˵˵߳ˣַô
ˣԣǿԸַ㼸ʱޣλʦֵܻɱÿɱһˣζҲ츳һЩĲɱΪá棬ǧ߳˵һ챤ټǲںǰ˻ҵˣҪɱ̨ӵǺ޲ȫá
˵Ľ΢΢˵ͷãȻǾԣھɢϢպĴʱַ㲻챤פأļλʦֵɱһɱһˡ
ǣˣɢϢʵâַ㣬γ
ַ㣬֮ءХɫȻַ¹ܴ衣
ʱַڿջаĿΣķҪú׼һ£Աʱ֮裬֪Ϊ׼˶ļƻ
ľûкַסһԺ䣬ѡַסţûһֱԺͣ߶ĶʵҪ뿪ǲѣϾ챤ҪԵĶַôߵĻѰϾԴӽʶַദǷǳģַЩ˺䣬ȴʼտҺ顣
ʱ֮ľ׻ص˾סĿջȴõ˲ôõϢ磬ƺַıû뵽ַʦֵܾȻ챤ѹַҪĻԸ챤ˡ
ߵַסԺ䣬ľĿ˸ôбҪַ㣬ξַԼ
뵽⣬ľÿַķš
ַֹͣ˶Ŀ̻ľ׽Ц£ľǰôˣ
ľԼȫһЩ
ַ㣬Ƿʦֵܣ챤Уľ׶ַʵʹַɫһͷľǰε֪ģ
챤ѾڷųϢ֮㲻Ե챤פأǣļλʦֵɱÿŪһ˲Űݣֱ㼸λʦֵܱɱֻʣһˡ
ľ׻˵ţ챤ֶιַζԸǣľ׶ùˣݶֶΣַѡվַҲӴӰ
ľ׵Ļַ嶸Ȼ˲һڵħâ϶һɿµĺ޷Ƶ¶
챤촫ַ˫ȭգ۾ɱת
ʡǶʡַҧ˵˶ԼϤһЩпܳ˶񶾵⡣
ַķӦľױ챤˾ٹȻַʹɵõʵַ㣬ô
˿ַٵľǣȥǲȥ
ȥԼҪӳ죻ȥʦֵܣӽѡ
ңַȥ֮ܰȻ뿪˭ܱ֤һβٴֶַͬ
ַƽľԳһЦľ׵ľǰΪȥ߳𣿡
ѡľҡҡͷ
ľǰذɣҪˡַ¶֮ɫľ΢΢ͷ漴˳˷䣬ַ㣬ģҪţ츳գʱ𣬿ɺɨ챤
˵꣬ľױ˳˷䣬ַһڣ


1606 ҹ챤
ľ뿪ַ֮ԳĬǣâٴγ֣ľǷʦֵ챤֮ʱַȻ챤²ľַ㣬ܹ˿ж֮ˣһʻ߶Ǽˡ
ڣȥֻҪ֣ԷĲ²Եõ֤ʵҲûã챤֪ϵĻ챤һԳǼ
ڿǵǣ챤ԼҩɹˣҲҪַϾݻǣҹ
ľݱֳ챤ǲŹҡַţǲһвǵ˴
ַ˼Ƭ̺󣬱ЩԱ
ҹĻ٣Ժ֮УһӰϢ뿪˷䣬ˣֻżڵƹҫ£ŻһӰӳ֡
챤פأʱԵøİеҪôϢҪôȻڴʱһӰϢǱפ֮С
챤һ䷿ݵУüͷһˣ
ַ㣬ǰݻᡣ棬һʹɫ΢΢һַ㣬Ȼ
ĵĿڵ漴ֻһӰ˷֮УǰӰϲɵ¶һĨЦ⣬ľʦĵӿ󡣡
ַȻѾ֤Ĵԣľַ㡣
ַݼǰ֮˵ַƽЦ
챤ҩɹɹĴ㣬ȴ챤ѵҽã챤𣿡䵭˵
ǰкκôַʵ
ˣΪ£վµĿǰꡣ
Ҫǰף챤Ҫҵ챤ʱ֣ܹȻ뿪ַ㿪˵
ַĻ£漴ʵ챤ͬʱʲôҽף
Һľǰõ޼ǧеԼûҲ˵ףɷ񣿡ַĿĵң챤ҲҪֻ֣赽ʱҵסЩˣʹл뿪С
ѹ˴õ޼ǧ֮Ŀⶢַ㣬ջȷܴľ֮ɱߴʣ챤ƿ˲̻챤ʵһΡ
һԲУ֮СԿڻ֮С뵽֮У챤ռ챤ܲǿʢҲ챤ǰƶַԭһʦļֵɹ
ڽأĿ¶ǵĹâַ֪Էнµͷ
֮߹ľǰһزȥĻ㽫Ϣɢȥͬʱǰҹһˣ챤ҪԸңʦ챤Ϊ̰ͼϵԸңҹλ룬ұ㲻ˡ
ַ㿴ģĿƽ챤ֻѡҪôӦҪôܾ
ѵ㲻ҴӦʱȴûܻ㣿ĵ
ǰǴӦûǰȵҰȻţٴǰȻҷ챤ûڵվۣ챤ҪõҵĻȴ֣ˣҹסˡַ㻺ڣǰһ𸴰ɣһҪȥ
ַĻʱ¶˼֮ɫַ㵹ǴûãõԷȴȸûңҪȥζһַܾ㣬Ӧַ㲢ҳɹַȳõôʵǿԶԣ챤ʵ
챤ԣȻǳ
ֶַΣܾ
ãɽҲǹ֮ˣ˼Ƭ֮ͷͬ⡣
ǰȻˬ죬㴫ǰַ˵֮ʱۼ䣬ü֮漴ֱüĶȥԷ֮С
ǰַˡ˵գַֻ˳˷䣬Ϣ뿪Ӱʧ˺ҹ֮С
߳䣬ʧӰ૵Ŵɹ챤һҳܳҵˣ챤㲻ܽύҲΪС
˵챤ҪԸַ㣬ַ˻Σ˭֪ء
ַ뿪챤פ֮󣬱ֱڶصȥ

ľַķ֮⣬һֱŵķ䣬Լʱˣǣַƺûгһ
̧һʣյգһ챤ǱߣʱӦõˣַǲǰȥˡ
ľȻеĸоΪӣмʧ䡢мֽңʧΪַûȥͬΪַûȥָӵҲ˵
֪ʲôľ૵漴ʶַķжȥ⼸һֱûдַ㣬˿̣뿴ַ״̬Ρ
Ȼڴʱɫһ漴ζȻͬ㽵ַ㷿⣬ƿյģַӰ
ô᣿ľɫһûַжϢĵûйע֮һֱַûκζҲû˽
⡣ľпһַ㵱ϿܾˣҸһֱûٻ
˵ַ룬ǲŵģôֻһֿܣַΪжߣûдһж
һľ׿Ц£漴͵һϢԺ֮УֱŴɹ챤챤ȥ
յ챤ΧԵø֣ۼ˺ܶˣ⼸ľʦַϢѾ÷зַ֪о̾ǰʹֹŴɹ챤սַ㣬Ȼʦݻ챤Լҩɹ
ȺĿͶ챤פصϿշӰԵøԣȻԳɡˡ
ǱǴСַʦֵһϢ嫣Ϊǿᣬ˿챤󱲲ɳһȺԳɵţ⼸˵ǿϧˣƣ챤ȻǣҲúõսȶѾԭˣȻ챤ƺõģ챤ҪҪǿս
ǽգַ㣬
лɣֵַĻһ
ʡԼǧһĿĶԳԼ̨ˣǵҪֲַ֡
ҩɹʹɹǿڣ׼ǳ֣ǿߣһַһ֣㲻뿪ˡ


1607 ַ
ʱǰһĿ⻷Ⱥַó֮ںܱܿ켣Ⱥ֮С
ַ㣬֪ѾˣԼɡ˷Ⱥܹ
紵ŶϵĳۣϵһĨЦ͸żϢַ㲻վĻַ㿴ʦֵɱ
عʶźߵ΢΢Ƿ˶ԵԳɵϣˣ˫˫սֱһͣս
ԳǺݺݵĳ鴤£࿴˶Էһۣ֪ܲпᣬǶûа취Υǿ굱еľԷӡ
ɡʡʡ𳽾ֱĴλܱߣһĿĮȴɱĿʼ
ַ㲻ˡȺаǱΪַĿԺСûˣ̸̸塣
챤Ͽյĺ֮أǿǰһˡ
ȻڴʱȺ֮УһӰڿգһϯ³ۣɫʣɫŲ̤֮ʱҲ졣
ַ㣬Ȼ㡣ɱⱬǵƲȻûдľַ㡣
ַ㣬Хɱ㡣Хŭһַ㣬Ȼַ㣬¹裬ַѪϴˢ
챤ҩɹ֮ˣɫһĶǰֵӰַ㡣
ˣɷսˡַվգĿ⳯ȥ˵˻֣˺󡣡
ԳŴ˫޴ַ㣬г֮⣬·ܹоԼеĲʣı˿ƣֵΪǣӡǿһУвʣҲΨֻǲϵĴϢţ˫ȭգ졣
ԳɣҲܹܵĵ֮𣬵ǣȴܷĻǶԣּ⡣
ҺܾȣľʦȻ㣬ַ㡣ҩɹİʶַ㣬ǰΪַĴλҩɹɥҲܵǿҵвһеģȻʱϴꡣ
˵гһգ̤ҩɹȷҺ£ԣһΣԲ뿪ˡַЩȺУвӰڿն𣬽ַ·֮ˣʮλǿߣɼжַ㣬·
Ǳ㲻ҹı𣿡ַĿɨȺĮĵ
ȻģǣѵǱҹ֮ΪΪַ֮£ҹҪ㣬ɽԹۡĮ˵ַ㣬ԷΪǻˡ㲻
ԷΪЦַЦһĿɨ˶ʺڵķ򣬵ǲ³ҵİɣ
ʦֵҲǵ⣬ЧƺСʶַ㣬Į˵
ڵģҲַ̫㶢ʣĻӦһ漴Ŀɨˣ˫챤ҽĻձ£޻˵ǣ뿪ˣһΣҪֶвңвҲٳֵڶΣǣһҹλʴҽ챤챤󱲣Ůһɱһ
ַ֮ʱһǿµħ֮ͷţ񷣬·棺ס˵Ļ˵һǧҪҵĺħħ飬ԣҪһΡ
̹ǵĻʹͷħݣħħ飬û˻ַľģһΣˣΪ챤ѾųϢҪַ֣㣬Զ챤ԣһֻ֣ɱ¾Ȼһ֮£ַôߵõ
нʮλʴڣַ㣬ֻһ˶ѣټľףҲŽˣǱľ棬ħ飬ַ㣬𣿼飬Ϊֻ־³֡
־棬㻹Ҫߡ䣬
£ʱкüλʳַ̤ȥ׼ַ㡣
䣡Ȼ䣬ԶһӰڿն𣬷ÿһʮλǿߣǼͬķΣ¡ۣȫںڰ֮Уϸı֣֮ᷢϺɫǳ֮֡
ţһĻɫһʣЩŵϢʣôᣬھŴɹ챤ַܹٶʮλǿ߳֡
סǡɺһʱغȺǱߵǿҲһͷſµϢ˲Ϣը
ߡһַ֮ĶĤ֮Уַߡ
ߵ𡣡Լҩɹİߣдɹλͬʱ̤˽Ų쵽£λһͬʱմӡַ㣬ǿַȥƽʥӡ¸ǣҪַᡣ
ַֻоһɿµϢѹԼϣңϿǷ츲صĹܽ׵շѹһʱһϿӳֲ˲ţճŻ
챤ɵĺ¡ҩɹʹɹǿ߿һĻб䣬֪Ĳ̺챤ϴַʱ͸ַġ
ֳַԼǰ˦һöµѹʹǺˮ֮ʹöƷУźȥͬʱӰƷɱ˹ֱַ̤ǰ˫ȭɽĺɱ
ߡͳɳƵٶȴַ뿪ΨһĿģַ
ַˣߣҪıǶԷΪȡһЩʱ䣬㹻ʱ䡣
ߵõ𡣡֮ϣ̧ͷһ˫ż̤棬ʱƳ֣ǿʢ˲ϢأɫĹĻƬնУһƬ嫵ɫƽ֯һΣռΡ
󷨣챤Ҳʦǿ󷨣ȻһַǿΪλʣµһַȺҲ棬о챤׼̫ˣƬռ֮
׽Ų̤չĻüȹ̣ʹַǱ΢΢¡
ַ㣬ĩյˡʺһ˽ַߣֻӿǿɱ⣬ѹַ㡣
ַ֮磬Ȼ챤פصķ˸ȥһһƮ
ߡƻûһµմӡֱӳַɱȥַ㼸ƶһɲǱ㽫һö˦˳ȥλʵܹģ˲ܽ£ʱַܻϧ
ַٶȼĿ죬ħͫԶȥʹǧио΢΢£䣬ַħ֮ͫǳɱ¶߳˻ĵ޵սʸûУ


1608 ڽ
Ⱥַ㾹Ȼг챤פطɱȥɵ΢¶֮ɫ
סϿµշŲ̤һһա
ַһöȻ䣬ʧһξ룬ֱӳǧеǰ
̻Ϊʹõǰַľ̡ܶ
ǧпַǰɫһ漴һ˫ħͫᴩħ֮ͫ־ֱӳӡȥ
ѡǧмް幥ַɱȥڴͬ˻һ˺գްǷǳµġ
ѣַһȭǧеĴײ͵촫ǧеֱѿֱ۶˺ѵ⻹ַ飬ĻһԽֱĨɱַ޼۹ڵС磬ɱһǧǿ޵
ַ㡣ŭХǧǷҽУˣȴǧ֮Ľţ漴һֱֻӽԴסģַֻ˫ħͫ
޵ַǰûаֿת˲֮䣬ַ˺ֱۣƿ֡
ʡʡԼ𳽾ٵַ棬ַ㣬һϾܹƶǳѲЩ̺в
ſŭһɱǿʢ
ַƸǧԴϣħͫ׶ŶʣЦſǧлûзҰȻ뿪һῼǡ
ԣɡħŰֲħַϡ
ǧ˻һ忪ʼȼ¶ɫôôң뵱ڰ˻ңεȷ⣬Լһֱڰ˻ıˡ
ʺĿѣ嶼΢΢š
ɱʵ嶯ǧбɣҲûκι˼ˡ
ˡַӰ磬һΣ˾Ŀע£ַ㾹ֱʶȥʹȺɫݺݵĳ鴤£ַǷ𣬶ʣλǿߣַҪ֮λʿ⣿
ɱʱ׳ߺһʹöɫһ㽫׵ˣղţеĶɱ
ɱҲҪ㡣бֻǲҪַѣһַ㣬Ҳԡ
ַѾ嵽˶ʵǰմӡŨɱַ㣬ͱҪǿȣֱַ㣬ַӴϾַܿ¡
ַһ֮з·һӰ˳ȥͬʱһöʹ˲Ϣա
¡ķ籩ŰǱߣֲһ磬һХ֮⣬ַӰ·ѵˡ
ô£ַ㣿ȺɫһղֳͶײ˲Ӱʵʵڵ壬򲻿ܺͶһ
ʱʵϿգҲһַ㡣
ˣַѹ£һסָ⣬ʱַѪҲȫǺˮղһ̫ΣˣֻҪʵĹǰһ㣬ȫ壬Ϊһˡ
ŰַһöӰٴʧԭأٿʣ˿һֱ۱ѵˣϾֱֻѪ֮ܲסı
λʣһֱۡȺɫӲͷ΢΢𳽾ˣȥַˣʸղ̫ˣɱַ㣬ȴ׵ĺûнɢԼƿأ׼ַˣֳַûбˣΪַ㲻ҺײģΪһײĻַ壬ַһ̷ӿٶȣֱӺײһҪӦˣңƺַı𣬶һ⻯
һȺΪǿߣԶҲԽѹˡںһλǿߴս߾ûַ㣬һ̫ˡ
𳽾ɫÿǵȻ֪ԶַҲƿǧ֮ѹûãùĻ̫ǿǵĻὫַɱָ̫ûЧңַкܶЩ챤ȼṩĲϣ˿кް
λ漴λ˸ַм䡣
ַĺâɨȺһۣŲԥ̤˳ȥ챤Լ챤ǿڶܹ࣬סȺ⣬ϵҲ׼࣬޷ڻ֮ΪλֱӳŷƤ̻ȴ˶һֱۡ
һΣֱַʶȥ
ʿַɫһоȻżɵ֮⣬ַ׶ʵֱ۶ݻٵˣǱַпҪ
ԥ֮ʱַѾ㽵٣ʹɫһӰˣַ㣬Ȼˡ
ŭһδҲ̫ˣ㲻ȥַײҲԿַ㣬ֻҪһ˲䣬Ǳ㹻ˡ
ʶַûκε谭漴ַֻ嵽˿ռεıԵͬʱӡȥˡ
֮ݺݵĺһϣʹÿռζҡ¡
׿µȻҲǿᡣַɫ΢Ȼ䲻ƣʱʺɵӰѾˣŭһɫӡ͵ĸճַĴȥ쵽˼ĵز
ַӰͬĿ죬ٶһץƬռ·չĻַ֣С
ƣַһȭڹĻ֮ϣ촫ĻַŲȻ̤ʱȴֵˣһֱۻӳµķȭâƬնڶһ˺ֹ֣Իɱַ㣬ַϻġ
Ȼַһһö̺ռӰʧͬʱƬ棬ֳλӰһǿĹĺŹĻڣռαַ񷣬쵽˼顣
㻹߳ȥ𣿡оɱ⣬ٶȱַˣ˲׷ַ㡣
ͬʱһӰɵ׷ַˣŵǧɱ¾ȭâַĶߡ
챤͹챤ǻ˴ǿַ㣬ζܹõͬʱ챤ǶһδĵˣֶΪǲŻôǿߡ
ױɨһӴַܵ㣬ǿűЦӣȥ
ʱַǰ˼ӰĽŲͣ⼸ϵǿϢȶʻҪ£ѹ
ǰԶַ㻹һˣɽ泾
ɽ
ȺҲһĻɫ΢΢һû뵽˴龹ּת£ַ㣬׵ˣɽˣ
ַӺ䣬ʵڽӵģôûеֿȫƾ챤ԼΪԼһĨڣɽɽˡ


1609 ľ׵ֶ
泾建ǰվ֮ϣ·Ⱥ
ͣ˰ɡ泾ĵʱ˶ֹͣսЩӰɫ΢΢£泾һԣַ֪㣬Ȳȥˣɽ棬ҲΪһѾΪΪͬҲΪŴɹ챤ľơ
泾ʵĿɨЩӰ͸һĨɫ˭Ҳ׷ڣ뿪˵ء
ʵ泾Լ챤Ǵ˿ҲܹھŴɹ챤ݵģǼˣӹɣЩ˳ң泾ʲƻŴɹ챤ľ棬ԣ뿪ȥɴ
ӰһԲȻȥɽǰǲڳְַ㣬ʼδģַ㾹ɽ˽ԽԽˡ
ʱеĺȺȫʧ·ûгֹ㣬챤Լҩɹڶʣ򳹵׵Ľַ֮طˡ
ݡȺŴ˿еЩԸһ֮ˣʵԣǼλλҲɲȥɼַ㻯ľʦ𶯵ǹ
ַħâ䣬ǰɽǿӰɫĮɽû뵽ɽ档
ˣһöַӰȻǧ֮ĵطȻʱʮϢεôߣ
һż׳ݺݵײϣµʴ嵱Уַֻоͷһ³һѪϵĺƵħ·𶼲ȵķš
ӣȻӣȺԣȻȴַһӱӭһɫӡЩϢ춼·
ַ㡣ʱԶԳ˫ȭס¶һ˿ǿҵ˫Ʒ죬ƻûɺɫƣԳƣʱкܷŭķŭȴ޷йóһɱܵʶһɱ˿Ƶײʹ࣬Դ·Ҫѡ
ԳɣҲһĿ죬걻ӡ˺ۼɴʶΪƵʱ䲻ӡǿǻ뷨ʱıǨӡԽԽǽ᳹ȴԼĹȥΪĿܡ
ֱַͦħâǿʢޱȣǰ泾ʣ³һɽԸңΪʵĳԹΪ챤ǣߣΪҵ
бҪʲôڣԷΪ߰ɣһ·泾ʿַ㣬ƽ˵һλߵ̬ʵλҪַҪ㣬¡
ַûкͶԷʲôȻ泾ô˵ôζѾҹǽȥˡ
ȻˣԷΪǰԸɣʴ뿪֮ʱԼڣԼĵӣڣַ㿴泾ʣ˵
һ֮ˣҲûʲôԼԣ㶯ְɣûʱ˷ϣԼ֣Ի֡泾û˿ƽ˵
ȻĻַȴЦ泾ųԼµԼԼûУʣԶˡ
һˡȺַĻаҪԷΪˣʲôһһصģʲô泾ʻɽ
ҪΪҪôԼϵĻôҲҪϵһַħâǿʢͻȻЦš
泾ʲôݣȻԼַ֣ĵ
ʡԼҩɹͬʱ̤ǿϢַ㡣
𡭡ԳһХ˻Ϊ壬ͬһ㣬˫˼µз·ûκУֻбͱꡣ
泾ʻعͷɨһԳɣĿ΢΢һȻˡ
졣Ųһ̤˲ϢԳɵϿգ˫ڵ֮⣬Գɵľ޴ͫף漴һ͵ĳԳ˹ȥԳɿˣܹԿӴӲı˳ȥ
ɽŴɹ챤ȴ۸λС硣ʱȺ֮һʹɫ΢ѵɡ
ֻһӰ̤ڶǿߣַߣΧȺ͸һĨӡ
ǿݣֻΪ˶ԸһλصˣɽܹƬ򣬹ȻǱѰľ͸ǿҵķ̣ɼľ׾Ȼ֣ЦľףǱֻҪַ㣬ڳ֣Ѱ·ô
죬ʲôݣ˸˵ľ׶Ȼŭһʹɫһľף˻Ǻ⣬ѵľ׻ʲôͬһݲɣ
ַҲԵľһۣЦ£óֵģѾ׼һˡ
ڴʱľ׶һʹַ΢΢£ɴظľһ䡣
ʲôˣ泾ʵǺܵȻһľףַһӲλʶѣ޷Ӱ֣һΣַ㣬Ϊ¹޼
ʲôˣ۾ˡ£ľ˵漴Уһöһ֣
泾ɫ΢һöһţ
ɽ֮ˣƫһ磬ǹªţʶ֮Ĺ۾úÿˡľƳ泾˦˳ȥʹ泾ڶݣľ׵ƺһǿʢŵӡ
泾ɫˣΧȺĿҲ¶˸Ȥɫյ飬ԽԽ˼ˣֳת۵㣬ľףȻҲǿŵӡ
泾ʶƣϸţԺпʼ˼һǿʢš
ţǳУŶҪ٣ɽûУֻмСڣ򣬶ǿڣǷǳµģȴһסңŵҲǷǳģڴ½ϣڣ˸ǣòء
ľ׵жȻ³һ泾еȻͷųһϢʹ泾ɫ䣬Ѿѣ˲佫泾ʵ֣漴ֲı֮ϣͬʱַһö̺Ƥпµռ任˵嶸Ȼʧ˼֮ңĵط
áȺɫ䣬мˡ
׷׿һһӰŲͬʱ̤˳ȥľҲλǿߣٶҲĿ죬ټַ㲻ϵ뾹Ȼڲϵ


1610 
ʱ֮һַΪȷһʧɽһ˵ľַ֮һݸַ㱾ò𾪵ķ֣ľǣҲַ㣬Ȼǵ۹֮Ҫҵˡ
ϵ̫ǰɽһˣ泾Ѿ㹻ˣǣľ׾Ȼ泾вǿĹ泾Ͼ˼ݵʱ䣬ľ״ַ㷢ߡ
ʱľ׺ַľ֪һö泾õģǱƵҲ泾ʶãǱ泾׷֮ǰЩ˵׷٣һ泾ˣǱҲûлᡣ
Ҫľ׶ַ㿪ڵԵ紵˵ϣַֻоͬʹȻʱʱһ飬ǵٶȲͣļӿ죬һʱƵڷӴˡ
ַľ峯һ̤ȥ¡һ죬һַŲľ׽Ų̤µ˲䣬еķ涼ѵͬʱâȻ˵壬漴ǵӰʧԭء
󷨡׷Ⱥɫһ漴Զвȵ
Ȼʱַľ̤һ֮ϣӰһʧ֮泾ʵӰѾ׷ˣ˿ĳЩңͷԵЩɫѿ
أ泾ŭһǰһվյˣַ㾹Ȼ󷨣֮Ҳ޷ľ׺ַ㡣
ӦǷ򡣡ָһλ泾ûʱǣֱӳǱ׷ȥȻʱһɫۣɫͨӰŵķ֮岨̤ʹǰԶ߹ûע⵽ȫע׷ַϣ˭ȥעһ·ˣ
ûйã泾ʵصɫ΢΢ЩϣҲˣôǿߣΧһλ֮ˣɽޣ泾ԳȻƤˣҲ˵ַߣ˵ˣôǣ衢ܴ衣
ɹ߳Ŵɹ챤һ·ڣ϶̤ȥһֻͬʱȥŴɹ챤ɹرպͻͨһϸѹطУֻ򣬲ôӻ߳ȥ
泾˵ǻƬڣرͨڣ׽ַӵǿҲҪƬһŲ鶼ҪɽˣǺ޼ϹϵĻᣬôܹ
ȥȥȱڣһ˲Źȥ泾ʼЩûзӦŭһʱǲŷ׷˸ûȽȱס׼κ˽ǣ泾ʵն࣬ͬʱ֪ͨŴɹ챤Լء
ȥشɹڡ
ȥҩɹ
ȥ챤ڣǺܺ÷䣬ɽһЩԼǿߣǰȱڡ
ַľ׵ȷһλһףַߵķǴɹҲ챤ǣ챤ڵǷλҪ챤Ԥϲǵߵ챤֮ΨһȱʱȻѾˣȻ˶棬κˣ׼ӻ̤챤벽
ÿĶַɫ΢û뵽Щ˾Ȼǰ챤ǵ·
֮ؿлᲩһϣ˦׷ϵˣȻûľ׵İæɲܣյľͬҲַʼϲģû뵽ԷôǿԸ
ͨǵ·ѵҲ˲ɣַа漴ٽһȱڷȥַ㵽ʱ򣬹Ȼֱסˣֻ׼Ƭ׼Ƭ߳ȥ
ַüͷȫƬȻǶԷ¶ŲĻɺпܻὫҳ
ֻҪ泾һ£˴һȱ뿪ƬȻϸŲ飬ǿԽҳġ
ֻܵˡַ³ɫ󿴺ãϿգӰնƺʲô㣬Ȼͽ޹ġ
ʱ仺ţƬ˶ȻܳȥˣǵҲû̫ϾҪеģַ챤פֳôĶϢ˲ϯƬû˲֪ˡ
챤ûԳвַ㣬ԭв٣һַвַˣ´δҹɱ챤ĺˣǽһѣַ˵ڶӦǲٳģһξ͹ˣ챤ôĻҲҲס
һڶţڶ죬ȻˣŴɹ챤ǿʼˣҪŶӷУ֮ڣҪ뿪κ˲Ƭͣ
õϢַֻƽЦ£Ȼˣⷽ˵鷳Ҳ鷳ʵЧģʱ䣬㹻ƬΪճˡ
ַκεطûȥֻһֱĴĳջķп̻Եøġ
ͨ챤ڣ泾ʰĿ⻷·ȺȺһ̲飬ھŸȱڶкܶǿڣַֻ֣ǵȻΪַֻȥɹڵǣκһǶܡ
ڲɽһͷƬңԶĵطյһͷ޴ķޣſµķ֮֮һɹ쫷籩֣ľ޴ϣһӰһٻӰһ޴ԳԼһȺޣͨķǴɹǡ


1611 
ɹ˴ӻͨɹȱڣͬҲ˴Ӵɹ̤Ŵɹ챤ĳţһŵİѹ˿ȱҪиκһ˶̤ȥҪ̲ٿ
ȻַѾ̤ɹĿ΢΢ɲòϣֿԻǴڵġ
ʱ֮أѹϸʮλɹڴˣƾַʹɹĶԹҪңɽҲϧһַ㣬Դɹи
ȻʱԶ𣬷ɳϵƲľţһ쫷ͬµķ籩㲻ϵĳ߿
ʲôʱһλʽɫӳǱȥĿⶸȻһ֮󣬵Ȼܣɷ籩У·һӰңԿֲٶȳ߿
ˣǿһλλɫţһɿµǿʢԽԽŨѾɨ˹
ޡÿµޡλǿ߶ԶһɫĹӰѾˣԽԽһӴķޣʹЩˡ
Ȼ䣬λʵڿգվ֮ϣԶλʴҴɹ£
ˣ紵ϣʹ嶼޷վǾ޴ķ֮ͣ漴ɹǿ߿޵ıϻ޺࣬Ӧǻεޣ࣬һ˫˫ޱȣоʹ
Ƿ֮޾޴ͫɨһۣ漴׳ɨȻ٣һ˹ȥ
λǿ͵¶ݣϿյӴͷ΢΢£ƺʶʲô㣬޾򣬾Ŵɹ챤һƬȺֻ֮һطҹ
ҹˡͷ΢΢һ˲ϢʧǰӴӰζȻ̤˳ȥֱɹݣҪˡ
ɹǵУ죬Ӵ޴տɨйɿµĺѹ֮ƣ̧ͷͷÿֲޡ
ɹ嫵ĳǱϷǿȻĿ΢΢ΪɹǿߣȻ֪˭ˡ
ˣʱվһλƽ֮˵ıƺѯʸΰ졣
εӦɽҹǾ䡣ͳƽĿ˵ҹ٣ɹΪŴɹ챤һԱȥȫײģԺҹı£ڣɽҹˣǱ档
ٶ̫ˣûжñ㵽ȱ֮أʱɹȱڻһ̲飬յȺٵɲǣ˶΢΢ЩɵˣĿȫеӴޣͷ΢΢鴤š
̲˭ʱԳǰһӴͬһڰ֮ɽ㣬˫޴ͫ׶ȺЩ𣬾޴ȺĶĤ֮УϵĻص
ɹǿһЩɵˣҪ˵ʲôȴֲҿڣǸ˵ַ̲㣿
ҹˣַ㣬ҹ֮ˡ
λʴԶҴɹޱһᡭһλλǿ϶Цݣ˵Ļû˵꣬Գһ̲˭
ǿߵ׵û΢΢鴤ţ·Ǹоǿʢµ඼˵
ڸ磬˿ɲôءŮǳЦ£о⣬·һʧǸ˵ĺ꾫
λˣҵУַ̲㡣˿Գ³ĻӦһ
𡣡Գ³һϢ漴͵Ĵӷȥͬһɽѹ£ʱȺ񱼶ӡ
ߡЩɹǿ߿񱼶ߣȴԳ޴͵ĳǰĴ˳ȥʱƻһǵصɽ룬ѹȶȥ
һЩǿ߷ŭţϿѹµɽӡɾʯɽ֮Ƹأ޴ӡ
¡һ죬سݺύѷ죬ʯԳ彵ڵأǿµı֮ȱڱڸղɽʯѹĵطмλܵ壬ѾѪ֮ˣǱշѹһʯ顣
ˡˡԳǰÿһضҪѣȻƱ׾һ˷һξˣϵһж̤Ⱥһܣֹ޼Գ֮˾͸ûʲôλʶҲֻǴһ϶ѣһ
ϵһ̤Ƭյзţûȥ̤࣬ɽЩŵ඼ҪҪŴɹ챤ҲһžŴȱӿȥ
ַСӣԳһ·Ҫ˵ĶĤѿ
ַģȻҹˡȺˣʱа
Ǵɹȱ֮أɹǿ߸ߣŰڻȺɵ̿ˮᱨ֮£籾ûеԣֻ䣬޸ˣһСҹܱǧȺ٣ǻһʲôĳ
ߣ˻شɹȥٲ¡һλǿ߿˵Ⱥʱͷͬ⣬ɽȥҹɣǴɹǲֻܶ㡣
ʱַӷ߳յ޿裬ʱ¶һĨЦ⣬ҹڸˡ
ַܵܡʱһ͸ռַĿ⳯Զȥ漴һϤĺӰ
ж£ַڿգʱҲŲ˲Ϣ̤˹ֱӾַϣַߡ
ַܵܣý硣Цַ㣬ʹַЦʱЦź½㡣
Ů˾ڻеζ治ôܣƺϲϷŪַֻִ򲻹Ҫ־棬ƻҪܶĿޡ
˭۸ˣ߽㣬ȥˡһɫ
Էſú˵𡣡һӰ̤ʣú۽ַߣɵһ
Ҫ졣µһۡ
塣ַЦ£У쫷ң٣¿գѣʯԳҲˡ
塢ʯ塣ַʺһ¶мɫ


1612 ǿ
ַ㣬˭׷ɱ㡣ʯԳ³Ϣվڵϣ۾ȴƽеַ㡣
Ŵɹ챤зݣȻҪǣɽַâ˸ɽѾ뿪Ƭ򣬲ᱻ⻺С
ɽһâַ㣬ϸ˵˵ľ
áַ΢΢ͷ챤ĶԹ򵥵˵˱飬ἰɽ泾ʳ֣ҪԷΪ
𡭡ʯԳԶĵϱһʱ·һɿµĲΣһݽȫ˵촫Ǿ޴Ĳӳ챤̤ȥ֮һоշѹΪ飬ȻȺѾһʣ˭Щ
Ŵɹ챤Ľ绺˿ѾȺɢڣΨտ裬ߵĶѾ˰ؾŴɹ챤ȱڵľŴ֮ˣʱ챤ȱڣ泾ʸܵǹɺȵâҹ˾ȻˣĲһʣȺ
ַôӣȻȺΪһˡ
챤Ⱥ˿üͷŰǵɫÿҹǵۼɽܹ⣬챤ȴܲסȻû뵽Ϊַ飬ȻȺ٣ֻܿɽˡ
ˣ
һ֮ͨĲݵǵͷ漴촫ֻǰĵѷ죬ȻڿѣǲԽԽ£ţǵǰһ޴ޱȵԳ֮УпԵ쫷磬ŷơ
ˡȺͷ˵ţֻȻڿնͬһɫĳǱҪѹ㣬ȻһϢ֮⣬ͷ΢΢ţǽǰնڱΣִὫѹҪӣ泾վһʹǵĽŲҲ޷ƶֺ
ǣرѣӰǵǰͷȺܿжߣȫӰ棬ƽʱҪ˼֣յĹ߶ڱΣڷıϣȺճֹʣһλǳĺŮӣںŮӵߣȻվַӰ
ˣʯԳ³һը֮ʱȺȫɢӴ뿪˭ֻ泾ʵһЩɽǿߣ챤һЩ˻ڣ˶㵽Զĵطҿ̫·±Щ޲ҰΣգʱڣĿҰӲΣ̤շѹһУڴַɳ
֣ЯҹλɽϽǺ⣿泾Ŀ⿴ŷϵʣ˵
ңʯɡʵɫô³һ漴ֻԳХһر֮ƣյеķ·ɾʯŵ䣬ͬʯ콵㡣
Գ̧𣬶Ȼ䳯¿պҹȥ
ס֡泾ɫ΢䣬һ¡¡Ĺ֮ϣԳ泾ĺֹһɽѹ¡
泾ɫһŲһ̤գʱؼһµչĻն˹ȥͬʱ޾ĽɫųѤ֮ʣһУʱǱиɽڽâбֻǻһʯ
泾ʾƿַַ㿴һĻɫ΢ռ䷨ͽ֮泾ƿأͬ£սȻóһַҪǿ
Գл˵泾ʯԳ˵
նɽһٺúú˵˵ַ㣬˵ն˭ʶԵַʵʹַɫ£漴¶âʱȻʿնһٺ˵
泾ɫһǲÿͲִ𣿡
ΪɽޣҪҹɽʱûִڶ˵⻰ѵҹӦôڵӱַѡûС
ַĿ챤Ⱥɨʹ챤ȺɫҪѿжѿ·ַܺĿⶨϡ
ȻҪնһɽˣȻҲ챤ˡַĮĿⶨһϣʹ΢΢һ
ɣ챤ǳصһˣͬҲɽޣַ۾ֻо͸һ⣬䡣
նɡַָɵʹ챤Ⱥɫ㶼һĲÿ
泾Ŀ⿴泾ʣ¶ȵĿ⣬ʱʯԳ޴Ѿɱ˳ȥʹնȭâͬǹâ㣬˾޴ܹ˿һȭ
泾ɫѿһ˫ֽӡʱɫ֮ӡǰӡ˳ȥ¡һ죬ʯԳĹ̫£ӡ泾ʵٶһһ޴ĽɫͼƻһݼףͷųĿ⣬Գȭײһյо㶼ǿµĻ
Ȼײɲǣ嶯ˣóΪķ֮򣬿쵽˵۶޷ϡ
Ⱥֻɿһо˿Ե쫷Ϸʹ۾޷ſȵܹ֮ʱѾˣķצ
泾ˣҡɫ䣬Ŀгſ־֮⡣
泾̧ͷҪڣ漴ֻצ͵һ·Ҫ˺ѿռ䣬ɵ屻ֱ˺˱֮С
ȻΪǿߣһɽޣھԵʵǰûа㷴
ʣҲ˴ַ³ͷ΢ЩɿһλʣǿԱǿˣԵôһһߵ֮ۡ
𣡡泾ɫǿ⣬Ϊģоһ籩Щҹޣ棬ɱɽޣںεأ
ŭôʲôʸŭ߳һڣɱһʶѡ
Ǹúú̸̸ж˲ɱҹһˡɨʱЩ챤˽Զͷ£챤ɣô׾ٵıɱˣλʣ޷ͬλһǰ׷ɱַ㣬ǵַ⣬ڣƺˣ


1613 ξս
̸泾ʶ̸ֻһ̶ѣ磬ʵǵڣһǡǡǴƣԷΣΣղѾɱɽһӣô
Ըҹӵܵ챤ҩɹɹַ֮˵ĶԹ˭˭ǣûʲô˵ģøԵֶν⣬ǣҹҲˣҹ顣
ʿ泾ĵǣַ;Ŵɹ챤ĶԹɽûаϵɽεݣȴɱҹһλ󱲣ºþŴɹ챤Ǽ׷ɱ泾޷ǲµɽˣͲ뿪ˡ
֮Ի˵ʲôֻǣⳡᣬܲϵ泾飬пܹϵɽҹɵۼԣ˵Щĺãɱ㣬ҲҪʦɽɱҹӵġ
ɽǿɫһǲµˣ첻뿪ˣ뽫ɽȫɱˣҹɽ붯ͿԶġ
ʱ建ڿգ泾ʵߣǿ֪˭Ҫַ𣿡
üͷһʵѵ벻ɣ
޼֮ˡĮ˵
޼ַһâ޼ǵս֮ʱʶɱ״һɱַ㣬û뵽ɽı󣬾Ȼ޼
۴ַۡһȻ޼Ҫôֻһԭյ۴ʶ޼пܸУֻǿܣ۴ҲŹŻҪݵһĻ
֪ʲô𣿡泾˵
ԭ޼֮ءʱ»ǰ͸ŽЦ׵ǰȻ䣬Ʈ㣬ҪܿȻ˲佫ס
ѡŭһշ
նö𡣡½Ц˵漴ֻоѪһֱۣѪҺֱ͸ֻһɲǣֱûˣΨвŵѪѪҺҲڱš
ʲô׾ֵĶź£ѪѪԷ˲Ϊһ̲Ѫ⡣
ҪѪ⡣۲ǧɣݺݵĽ˦˵ϣײҷǹѪ
޼֮ˡ׺ȻɽЦţŵϵף޼з˵ġ
ҪʲôµЦ׵Ĳ漴۽ݺݵĹţѪ⿪ʼڱҪѪڵľ飬ڷϵ޼Ҫһˡ
ǰҪڲˣʶ˼ᷢʲô
ôӦãŮЦ˵
ŮŹҡŵϵĻ˵޼챤ӴֻܵĽ٣һûκɫʡ
Ҿ˵޼ַɽ챤˸о־壬ȻǸµ
۾֮ʱ׵ѪˮУǣϵˡ
泾û뵽ҹô裬׶˵Լ޼֮ˣȴӲķϵˡ
üͷδһ£ֻĿⶢ泾޼ôַӦ챤˲Ŷԣð޼ôң޼ˣ泾ɽʱΪ޼£
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Ȼɽ޼£޼Ҫַ㣬泾ʲô飿泾Ҫƨҹĵ汳Į˵ɲ֣ڣ챤˶ҹҪɽԸҹһ£Ȼ챤ҪɽͬˣҲ⡣
£һλ׼ɽ֡
Ŵɹ챤Ĺʱʧ𣡡泾䣬ʹ챤жһļΪŴɹ챤ĹʱֶԸҹĻԽҹѹȥǣ˭ԸǰҹǲЩҹûаԹļûκɡ
ڣĻƺֵɽ
־ȷ˺ѿھŴɹ챤ĴҲɣվûѡɽĻȻҲԺһЩɽΪѣϾǾŴɹ챤ɽôɽҲܶǵĸڶʱڲܣҹһʱɽԸҹҹոӴȺ٣ǳܲ
ɽĪҹ
챤ѾˣǲҲˣ˾Ϳ·Ƶǣַ㣬ôҹôǿΪֻһ˵Ļ̫ˣǰľ뽵
Ҫɽҹս𣿡泾Įĵ
泾̫Լ˴֮»ΪȻغɽ⶯ҹӣ忪սҹգڣҹ֮ɽ֮ˣɱ⡣
ʱ³һ
𡭡Գѣ޴Ƴǰɽ·һɽƶǰУһС
Ǽסˣ泾һڿգ˸
Ҫ׷ȴˣ泾óռ䷨ͽ֮ٶȿ졢ǿ׷Ҳɱߣɽ֮һ
ܵܣҲȥ档¹ַߣһȻʧԭأһ̳֮ʱֱӽٵһλɽǰܷܷһָʱƬջѪĿռ䣬ѪǿֻоѪԼƿأɫ䡣
ܣôĳ棬ɲܼסŶ½Ц˵漴͵һѪ˻ΪһѪ⣬
Ǿࡣַ㿴ǰսвһ󾳽磬·ǲֲǵ̫֮࣬һλλʡ
˵Ǹһ磬ʵַ̤֮ףͬһ󾳽磬ͬˣǵĲҲп޷ֲģͺڿշѹͬһ
챤˿ⳡ¾ĳֻо඼ýģЩޣ޷죬ɽ忪սҹξ壬ɱɱ
ɽĪҹԶȺԣɽƬϵĵλԳΪɽ޶ԺڣҹɱɽޣԵǰ߸ϵɽޣһ˴һ


1614 ӡ
泾ʴɽ֮ˣҹɱм˶һ٣챤곽ͬ챤һ˿ˣɽ֮ˣҲ챤֮ˣңһ֮ˣȥ泾ʲ
޽ɽǿɱɾ֮ʱ챤ǿҲĲţҹôǣ
λʴˣҲ˵ˣ챤ַĶԹ챤ȡȻ͸ЩҹˣɷǳĿڡ
ʲôʸ̸ԴɫĮʲô泾˵ЩΪɽҹͬۼҪɱɽˣҪ˵һЩϾҹ𼸸˵㣬滹иǿڣôҪǿûп˫֮սɽ̫
챤Ҳҹ̸Ц
ɫһԶԣƺʶǰһȺ
ַ㣬ΣĿ⿴ַ㣬ʵ
ַԺ˼ţҹΪôǿѾɽŴɹ챤ǵĳޣ±ˣϾҹҪ챤ɹҩɹǿ¶ˣǿµģҹ֮˶һܹס
ңַҲףҹϾҲǣҹǧиǿڣƣҲҪʿɶֹܹģǱǿԼʵġ
챤ҩɹҵĶԹԼַһâҪһ
ɵɫһƺҪʲô㣬Եһۡ
Уһɫѿ챤ǱѰоƿһǿ챤ǲݺӵм
㼴ɱңʦֵҲ޷գԶ֮µ䣬ַ㣬ַ˵Ǿ仰ʱ뵽ַҪ
˵ҸΣַ㶢˫ͫףĵ
ҵʦֵܵɣҽ⿪ǵӡ
ַ͸Цȵľ仰շŹ챤Գǲߡ
ҵ⿪ӡַ
ãǰ΢գӡ֮ٻԳɵˡ
ûй̫ãһλλǿԳ˹
ǸҶʲô룬ÿһºǳЦ˵һ΢΢ͷ漴һߵԳɵǰһĨ֮ԳɵУֶοµӡλʶ޷ˣӡ֮ʱǻ֮ҪԼܽ⿪
֮ٴһԳԺУյĴߣĽӡĨ
𡭡Գһ˷·Ҫ񻯣һ˫ڵȭͷȻƿնѹ֪ԼȻˣܲŭ
ס֡һȣһԳɵȭͷסѾ⿪ӡˡ
ԳɱӶһ漴ŽϢ
𡭡ͬһ޴ĺֻԶȺһӰƿնԳɡ
ַĿתɫʱһ漴¶һĨϲɫǴԳʣԭһֱ챤ߣΪʵ㣬ȲԳɣʱԳɱ⿪ӡ˳
𣡡ʯԳ쳤Х춯أȻԳһ࣬ԳһȺʯԳҹǧУһԳħԳɳһҪǰԳ֪һԳࡣ
Գ̤ߣͷԳף¶һĨЦ⣬漴ͬʱأ֮󣬴ԳʺԳһַߡ
ַ㣬лл㡣Գʸмĵ漴ǣлλǰ
û뵽Ȼ࣬ҹǱȽʺǣʯԳһ⣬һħԳԺǵҲµ𿴵ͷԳɵЦ˵
ҹԳ͸ϲ⣬ͷлǰԸҵȡ
ҹΧǧ޵ļңҪл˵ʱ½˰ǵӡѹ֮ɫÿЩǶ˿ӡǸоͷ·һʯЩ֮Уַƽ¡
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Ҫлл챤ЩǵκսˣģͲҪȥˡ
ԣҵȷҪлл챤սЦ˵û챤Ȼ֪ʱܺãңЩ챤ҲȷʵǣͼǱǿܹõıãӡһǱˡ
ַ㣬ǴɹҩɹҪҪˣַһ
壬ǻҹɡַûдҹ£򲻵ѣҲὫҹҹѾΪɽһصĸǿв޼
֮⣬δ޼˳ַֹ룬׿ҪԼóȻ޼ȥ´󹦣Ƿ֪ƿǧַΪǲ֪ģ۴ۼԼҲὫǧϢ͸¶ĻؽַΪһ磬۴۲޴ַ㣬ʱ˭ַ֪ᱻ˭ߣ޼Լץַ㣬Ҳһͻ޼ȥ
ǣȻɽ챤ǶѾ֪޼ҪԼԼȴҹߣɽˡ
Ҳáʵ˵ͷ漴ֵҹ
𡭡ʯԳ챤ȺһһŴӡǰݺݵӡ˹ȥת̤Ŵ뿪
˵Ⱥ趯˶˱ܿ˸ͨɹ֮ʱɹȫˣһ˶δ
ַ㣬ôԼվϣַһ
Ҳδ뵽챤޼֮ӻʶҵݡ
֪֮ͨңҲðôա
ַЦҡҡͷŴɹ챤˽Թô鷳ҹڻʽɽĲʹõ򲻵֮أҲ֪ͨʡ
ַ㡣ʱǰһӰڿգ֮Ц£壬ѣ
ٶ΢΢ʱľ׵ĽŲַ̤㣬ľЦŵַ㣬˴оա
Ҫлľǰİɽ֣ҿһα޷룬֪ͨҹˡַЦŵľǰһҹɣҲһ
ľ׿һˣַֻѣҹѡ
Ǳлǰˣһȥҹݻһλʡľ׵ǺˬĴӦһ𿪸ҹ


1615 Ȼȥ
ҹһҩ԰УһλİŮڹ۲ЩҩȻʱƺоʲô㣬̧ͷԶɽȥ漴˺üӰվһ˼ΪϤȻַ㡣
ӰڿգʵͬӰ趯Ƭַ֮˵ǰЦʲôʱġ
ãһЩҩšַ㽫ԼҩɹһЩҩռһöָУԴ˲̫㶼ʡ
һЦҲûкֱַӴַнӹ˴ָ
һҪȥݷüλǰʶԼءַ΢΢ͷûͣ΢ʧʿַԶȥӰ촽΢΢£ȴʲôû˵ֻǿǱӰһЦ
ַ뿪֮ҹԶһ֮ϡ
ϻơַһ漴¡¡촫һ޴ħԳ⣬ȻǴħԳַн䣬Ǿ޴ͲɵһЦŰ𣿡
ǰ޷Ű˰ɡַЦ˵ħԳĹȷʵٶǷȱ
Ҵ˼λѹмλѻշ£úöǡַЦ˵
𡭡ַԣԳʺԳһͬʱָ壬һԳһĻħԳ£漴һЦãǾͽˡ
һλַ˵漴սҲһû塣
ĽսޣħԳɫһ⻹ҵһμĽսޣųսѪҵҪǻĽսսԳս
㣬⼸λѾʱ㣬пռǵôǽύʡַЦ漴һͬԼ뿪ԳɺսǱսޣħԳȽʺǣ޲ͬ޷;ǲ֪˭λ̡
óƿԼ֮壬һЩʺޡ
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Сһѵ뿪СˡԹַ㣬ַоЩԲ
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һ޿ַڿյӰ૵һһŬޣŴɹ챤֮»ų̂꣬һᴣڴУǵľġ
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ľǰ׼뿪ҹһͬȥҹһʱգַľ׿˵ľɫһô뿪
ľǰһ߰ɣ챤ȱ֮ʱ˵޼ҪѰңǵʱֵ۴Ѱǵ۹֮ˣ޼ˣҹȫ˺½Ҫ뿪ҹ
ַȻľȫľ׺ͺ²ͬͺѾʶʱ⣬¶֪ҺޣҲû̫Ȥľ׺ȻҲܺãҶж޼۴еջ̫ˣǶһλϲˣˣһЩܵĺãȫ˵Ӱ˵Ĺϵ
޼롣ľɫ΢漴ãͬһ뿪ɣҲи顣
߰ɡ趯¹ַڿգҹΧȥûо̫ˡ
ʱ֮󣬺Ѿַ߳ҹܱߵǧãã򵽴½Ͽգµһɽϡ
ܣ㵽ˣԺ·ԼúߣΣռǵøҡ¶ַЦַ΢΢ͷźĵЦ½㣬ء
ˣȻ᲻Сӣǵû㡣΢Զȥıģ
ġַ૵һ
ַ㣬ȥ𣿡ľ׶ַʵ
ַҡҡͷҴСԴ粢Ϥ߹ĵطҲޣⴳһȡ̤֮֮ǰصľ磬ǰһˡ
Ҳã뿪ƬȻһطһʱգͻصıϰɡľҲַѾͻƱԵˣǰһˡ
ȵͻƵ֮ҴȥһطɣʺһʱաľЦ˵ͨǿߵĽϣҪĥѣǻ߹ܶƬأҪǰߣԶһط


1616 ҹ
뿪ַ֮ηٵ˸ţǰȥֻҹһٶȿ쵽˼£ٶȻ¡
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ãҾҹסһʱա޼ǿ˵һΪǿߣ޶һʱҲֻǵָһӼ䣬Ҫַ᲻֡
΢΢˿аоЩľҹ̫ˣʲô鶼޷ַ飬ҹһ֪ģ
ң޼Ĵǿ߾ȻҪҹͣ⣬ˣ޼̫ӴҹȻҲײ
ʱַľ׼Ÿ·Ǵǿһ벻ҪҵϿշɳ۶


1617 
֮󣬾ҹǳңԶһɽУȵħ֮ԵĮ
¡¡֮漴֮ϣ·ɽʯ֮
ɽһɽ֮ϣľĿ΢ɽĶȥ¶һĨʣǿʢħϢַսսûַȴ֮ıսַٶȣٸԵĺħ⣬ַսԻǳǿ
ǣһ֮ڶը죬漴оɽڲһɿֲħҡϣһ¡ı֮յУǶϿоʯѣһħ͸ħƣħ֮ϢȻɽ崩͸ˡ
أðԵħ⡣ľɫһаַ㣬Ѿͻصıϣؾ硣
ϿգǷħ֮УһڵӰȽȽڵħâޱߣ·кڰ֮âͫ׵ǰڵĳɢڼͷ޷Զ˿̵ַ㣬һħ㣬˿ϣԿһħˡ
أǰұҲһħʡַ㳤ԣңհڻʵʣԽԽҲò˶ãҲΪһʣǻصС磬ӣò£հ־塣
ſһ̣ʱϵĹħַڣϵ֮ɫħͫǹɸħ֮ƣ·̼㵴Ȼ޴棬޺Ŀ꣬Ųһַ̤ľǰˬЦľ壬õˡ
ȥǸ·ʱ䣬ҲңҶգ۱õȡľЦ˵λǿ߶ԣ£ȷ̫ˡ
Ǽ·ˣҪܵǡַľһԭ˴ľ״ǰĵطһΪǵǣ˵һǣ֮Ŵɹ챤ڵľǼҪ
ѾԵգܵǣַ㣬Ҳ۽磬ǣ̫ѤıǣŻ
ľ״ַŲһ̤նУͬʱַЦ˵
ǣַɫһĨʣСû˵óǿ˻ϡ٣ֻа˻ľĵһЩһЩҼǲģǴӴС統УУһǶ
ľ壬֮ʱóһöѵǵĳһ֮ˣַľʵ
ûȻ̫嫣ֶַϡĴÿһдСС³ϰ֮ЩСԼʦĻ»ԶֹǱһˣΪһЩԭѾǹöֻŻ泾ʶѣؼΪסƬ̣𲻵á
ľЦʹַʼ磬泾ʶΪ֮ºڲѰɣȻһöסӳƿأҹ٣ʹɽ˴ɽҲΪʶҹսҹΧַ֮࣬ҹ˼ɵĻ޼
û뵽ľΪַЦ˵ңľλʵǿǵǿô
ûôֲǵҪʵȾŴɹ챤ҪǿһЩȴûеۼһʦ˴֮ǽǸϿͣػ߳ǣߵģܵ߳Ĵǿߣһ⣬ȫǿֲʦΪԼѾ㲻ˣҪѰҸ·
ľ׶ַ͵оȷԭڣַ㣬֪һλʦҪЩ𣿡
ܲɷ֣һҪԭ⣬棬ȱ١б֪ûкõϣһжȻ
˵ûǵȡԴڻ桢ϣΪģһʦԣƿػǱģȻҲȱֻǺû֣֮ʦģɻԼѵıǿߣֻҪԲ
ľ׵ͷ˵ʵ֮ͬΪƣ֮
ľ壬ǣйذɣַ㿴Եľһۣľġ
ȤĻҲֻкôľײÿɷЦ˵ַоصľ׵ˣҲȤҪʶһ֮ʦеġ
˱߱ţַҲϤЩƬ嫵ƺܱмɴǵۼңǶǷǳעǵзǳеϵǣΪṩҪĻǣܹӽ˫
֮ããƽԭǰһޱǣһȥƽԭѾΨĽ
ˡľ׶ַЦǵȻͬŴɹ챤һȥ磬κε
ľ׺ַ̤뵽УûڼշУƽϻţֵľǽλͬǰĽֵ㣬ܷң඼йصĽס
Ҳһ޴г˲ԶǣѰһЩϣУ涼ֱӽף˵ʦڻϵҲҪ̫ģֻҪ㹻ƿػ档
ľ׵ĻַЦ£Ǿǲͬ죬һЩǿֻ涼Խ׵õֻҪܸۡ
ڻֻҪ㹻ıǮȻҲͨ׵õ
ûȤ򣬻һЩʦıʼǡľ׶ַʵ
õַһ
ߣǿȿһЩġľЦ£漴ַ㲽һ׸¥УһһЩǳϵ鼮Ҳ򣬵鼮涼бע
ŽܡַһȽµ鼮ɵͣ½ŲнһЩĶʦļ
ʥˣֻܳΪżʦƺַ㿴಻ɵһȻСʥĴʦԿʦǡ
ŵȣܹһģΪһʦܹżģΪżʦ֮ϵʦܳΪʦܹƵģʸ񱻳Ϊʦ
ַ㿴ܣʦܹƳ۱Ǿǿµģ


1618 ľ׵
ľַⷭŪϵĹ飬ʱַ㿴
ľ壬ǣûʦַתͷľ׺һܹƳ۱´۶ҪύӰǳ¡
֪Уһλʦġľ׶ַЦʦ˵ĵλ̫ˣľûлӴõܹƵ۱ʦư˼żĻɹʽǳֲƳһӴĲƸܹΪһ֧ǿ߾š
ַ΢΢˵ͷּһЩĻ鼮ԱҲϷţǿַ鼮¶һĨĳ֮ɫһԭǸӦøոսӴЩ鼮û˹ۿġ
ַ㵹Ҳں˵Ŀ⣬һЩ֮У̽صһЩûϸȥĥֻ˱飬ȵ¥תһȦ󣬶Ļ֪ʶ˽òˡ
ľ壬ǳȥɡַľ˵ʱľ΢΢ͷ˳֮ʱľ׺ԾĵݸŸ¥֮һЩƬѣ¥ṩ
ǾһЩˣ֮вָ¥ЩЩȤ˴඼⿴ҲҪ̫Ĵۣڸ¥˶ԣҲһʲƵ롣ľ׺ַ߳¥ַһַȻܹ⣬ÿ˶ҪԼı֮·ǰΪ˽ǮܶΪֹܶ
ôûȤľ׶ַЦʵ
ȤһЩֻҹ֮ҲǲҪһ׵飬ȻҪͶʱ;ΪⲢһʺҡַ̹ϵ˵
ҲôΪַĻľЦŻӦַеΪ⣬漴ֻľ׼磬յĿ궼ֻһǿԼǿ޵õõǿıҲᵢʱ䣬츳֮ˣԸһ䣬ڱý׵ķʽãַʮڴûʲôϾ˳ñ䣬һСˣʮӽʾѾΪѵõĳɾˣҪĻϵ츳ȫԴǿıԣ㲻һʺ
ٿɣҲһжֱ̤ʦءַЦľ׵뷨Ϊ⣬ԭΪľҪ֮أˡ
ַ㣬ʵ˴δǣ˽ĵġľĿǰüû⣬·°㡣
ľȹҵʲôĻһַ㲢ûľ׵Ļʵľ˵ղһʱ֪ľ׿ʲô飬ľ˵һйء
ϣȥӴһˡľַĻ¶˿˿ů⣬Ŀֱַ
Ӵһˣ
ԣڵļ壬ǱľңһΪӴ壬嵱У츳ӶľѩľһٮٮߣΪؾ磬ǻ桢кǿ裬ϣܹӽ
ľ׶ַ˵ʹַЩɻ󣬶ľʵľ壬һ£ľѩľʲôϵ𣡡
Ůľ׺ĵ
ַɫ΢⵹Ϊ⣬ľѩľŮΪľֻᱻľҡ
һΪʲôһᱻľҰɣʵܼ򵥣ΪŮ츳ܺãϣϣõᳬԽ⵱׵ģľҵһμҪƿŮδԣݲҡľ׿Ц˵˵ܻ˵ʵľңҪŮľѩʸһǿ塣
ľ壬ҽӴľѩкιϵַɲʵ
ϵһʢᣬӽѩ֮󣬾ͻ֪һˣַ㣬Ҵǣϣȥѩ㲻˽ɡľԳ˵ʱðΣմ泾оַ㣬γΪһ˽ġ
ľ壬ֻʣһ󾳽磬طҲҲһܹӴʦ۽磬γһСַ㲻Ц˵ɾͳ츳ľкܴϵöˣöˣľ͹㣬ܹɰٴεʱܹӰ֮˵ˣĻЩ츳õǲҪȥ߶ֻҪڼбչˡ
ַ֪һ츳ǿҲչؾͻʵġ
ллַ㣬ʹǰľڵĵطӴѩ֮󣬲ҪôģҲҪľҵ֪ľַһ漴ľ״һַھŴɹ챤ʹùߣһףϾһľңʱܱϳ
ľ֮⣬һƬտ֮أݺύĴ˷ͨľ׿ǰľͷȻҲкЩûлˣ֪ѩôˣӣҲ֪ûһЩ
ľ壬ӦνӽַЦʵľѩô˽⣬ôȥӽЩѶȰ
ŮѩЩĵʵܴӣøܹĽӽȻһˣҲǳףܸҲôˣַ㣬Ҫˣʲô飬ʱϵҡ
ľ˵գת뿪Цŵַ㣬ŮҲģ
ַЦ£뷨ЩֻξвܺԼļ棬ǿǣֻǣȷ̫ƽˣҲ˵ѩݣò֮ߵĻ»ܶ飬磬ʾûбǵʵ
ǰľַЩͷۣ˳ȻӽһˣЩϰߣľ嶼ˣȻҪΪġ
ʱһŮľгַüͷ΢΢š
ڿʲôһλŮַһŮ˳ڼͷ󻹵һ磬ԵмӢˬ֮òҲΪַϢƽ棬ľţɵһ
հľַ֮ϢˣֻһͨŮĻӦһ
㿴´βҪڸǰŮ䵭˵һ˴ַ߹
ַһ˳ԶȥľĽֵϣԱߵһλ·ʵղŮ֪ʲô֣
·˴ַһۣ漴Ц˵ֵܣǿľҵǧӰС㣬㲻ῴɡ
ûУʡַ㿴ԷɫһЦ
ٺ٣Сֵܣ֪Ͳýˡ·ַļЦţַҲֻεʼ硣
ӰǼһڴأԶһӰУľӰԵЦ˵һ
ľӰûлӦһλЦǱӰõ˻кϡġ
ֻЦЩ˲ղ˵֮˻ӦЦӰʧڴϣַȻҲǵ̸ϾԷδԼ˵ĿѣҲںĥţܹӽľѩ


1619 ľ
С磬һ¡ַعͷ·˼
ҪӰС𣿡Ц¡
ǣľѩܷ˵˵һЩϢַҡͷ
ַĻ·۾ôģ漴ЦݸӵЦŶֵַȰһ̫뷨ѩСģ˵ԳĻΪҲأֵҲ˶٣ѩСǰҶ̧ͷֱ
ֻʣû뷨Скηַ˵
ѩСľҵһŮŶʮ꣬ȴѾ޵ľ磬츳ҲǷǳ£֮⣬ѩС֮˵ѩСѾƳһΪһһʦˣ˵ѩСڱչʦΪ׼
·˻˵ţֵܣɲܹģǿ׼ҵһλʸѩС㡣
ԭˣ츳ȷʵַĿ¶˼ɫʮ굽޵磬츳Ƿǳˣڴ治Уַ㻹̸һЩ֮£˵һЩ츳ޣǳֱӾ𣬸ҪһؿɻΣǣһЩرޣǴСʼ޵һУǿȴΪ¡
ֱ磬һЩޣֱ֮Իʼҩ壬սӴʱѾϾˣټǿѪԼŴ츳пܳʮʡ
С磬ҪѩС㣬Ҫβַܹһ
ǺѣѩСڱչسԼ߳ҲܳľȥСЦŵȻľҵ˰ľң㻹мѩСĿܡ
ľңַɫ΢⵹һ⣬ȻҪӽľѩҪ
лС˵ôˡַЦ˵·Цҡͷ㻹ľֻףˣǡ
뿪ַ֮ȴûȥɢпǽϣ΢΢ϣ·ô˯˰㡣
ַٴ۾ʱľӰһ˻֮ʱ΢΢˸ַľӰǰ
ַ㣬ľӰüͷ΢΢£ɫ˿˿Į֮⣬˺ò֪ô赲ǰ
ӰС㣬ɷҽľСַľӰ˵
ţľӰߵļüͷһ壬Ѿһ˺ȵÿ
㣬ҲӰСߡԱ֮Ҳ˵ţ˺òʶʱ
ľӰǰ˰ַ֣һɡ
ַͷûж˵ʲô΢΢˺˼漴ַһ˿˿ĻľӰΪַܴĽŲ̧ľȥ˿̣һƻţľӰ̤Ĳͣͷŵ棬ֻַ㾹ƿ̻˺ü·
󷨡ľӰ¶һĨɫַһһĿ̻ţƬ֮һʥƳͣ΢΢һӡʱһɻ
ַ̧ͷĿ⳯ľӰȥ
Ȼôĸңұ㵱һɣľӰ̧Ųľȥַͷһ۵ϵĻͼƣ¶һĨЦ⣬漴վľӰ
ˡһ䵭ɨַһۣʥƽ֯ɵСѣľκһ
ַ㵹ҲûȥʲôֻǰĸĿģֻǽľѣ͹ˡ
ȵַľַ֮ڵϵ·Ȼܻһ·֯仯ǧ·һСУ̺ϧľӰǲûĿȥ
ľУľӰַһԺ䣬ֻһصǿ˹ľӰ΢΢ӰС㡣
ľһļ壬ľӰһֵܽãҪϸֵڼСүĻǳ鷳ľС˽˻ֱӳƺģǺʮһСʮС㣬ʵڲô
յĻľ㰲һ¡ľӰ˵漴ǰͥԺȥ
ľ˵ͷ漴ַ㣬ЦӰСһʱûջˣʲô֡
ַ㡣
ַ㣬ԺԺС˽˻סĵطǻӳľ죬ƺͨͥԺȱԺǸλСүסĵطûǲܽȥģҪעˡ
ľַ㿪˵Ժ֮أһͥԺͨһģЩԺסĶľһүСĻ
ȻһַЩûлӴľѩСݣȽϴ
ֻˡַаȻģȥƽϵʧȻľУܻлӴѩġ
ľΪַ㰲סַҲ̹Ȼס£˵ľӰ˽˻ʵǷǳеģûʲôַƽﰲżĻģ̽һЩϢҲܿڻ֣ЩȻ඼ǶľӰģֻǲұ¶˵ľѩȴֻֻԶ۶µ̬
ַľʮգȴûмľѩһ棬ľӰҲֻǿأ֪еԭٹʱ䣬һרΪʮµ׼ģǱֵúãܹлΪĵӣõ֮Ǵʦ
лΪĵ֮⣬õǰεˣܹһЩǳǿǿƵĻֻΪ
ʮһȵ֮£Լ궼ȥһԣΪΪߣ˫ա
Ŵַ֮ãľԼӽľѩΪľѩμһ£ַ㻹ǲôףܹʲôæѵָľѩ
ַԺ֮ԡ⣬ڻţദǳǢЩҲֺͣˣ˺ܺദ
ӰСˡľ˵˾䣬ʱڻվĿ⿴̤ŮġǶеӢȷ⶯ЩദĻû룬ȻҲѡ
һ󷨣˭ܹ̻ľӰһöӸľ죬漴ַЩǳΪҵĻҲҪ̫ˣǼº軹ǺһĻһὫߣľҪľӰҪ
˵仰ľӰת뿪ַĿ⳯ľ쿴һۣ漴ֻľЦַ㣬ӰСʹЩû̹󷨣ֻʵ档
û¡ַ㲻Ц£Ҫô


1620 ľѩ
ľַ¶һĨǸЦݣ漴ĿתˣڵӰСĻҲˣмһ󷨣ҿԿУ̺úһύӰС㣬ڣ֮󷨿
ľ磬ѵӰС׼Ҫѡ˸ˣһ¶Ц⣬ͷԵĿľ졣
ͱˣӰСпҪѡˣҲֲ㣬ľԿɲܱȵģҪףľϴˡһЦ˵
ԶԣľϴԺɾҪӰСء˽ţѹȴȻ¶ĽɫһӰСѡУһֱӰСӰСһˣ˵վأô飬ϧֲǡ
ľϴӰС㣬Ժɾǰ;ˡһЦ¡
Ƕ㡣ľ˺һȺһۣһ󷨼£ֻҪŬˣͶлᡣ
˵ľ콫Ӹһˣȴ֮ɫԵЩ˷ܣڴ£ҲǷǳڴأӰСɲ츳ãҲҷǳʣ˴ѣǺúðգΪӰС㱻ľѡϲμĻмֻᡣ
ЦǺǵĿľ죬ȴһУֵַʱҲȺһ򣬿صַ֮еһĨɫѾΪˣвСЩԵȷһֿ顣
ȵȺһ飬ľŽ֮ջأ˵ˣЩӾͲҪˣҸʱ䣬̻Σ󷨵ҲӰС˸ˡ
ٺ٣ľϴ󣬾ͿʼΪӰС㿼ءһЦ˵ȴתԼȥ
˷׷뿪ַȴûм뿪ɢԡů⡣
ַ㣬ôȥľַû뿪ɵÿʵ
ʱ𣬵Ҳַ̫Ц
ַ㣬̬ȿɲãʱĻɾ󾫣󷨿ƵøһЩľЩõĽѵ˵ʹַ£ĿľһۣǰЩľɲ̬ȣ˿˵ȴнѵĿС
Ц£Ŀƣܹϵľλı仯ͬȺ˵ΪľӰ
ãҾΪַ΢΢ͷ漴Լķ֮УľӰַǿ̻һ׹Ե󷨣ھͨԸû̫ѶȣֻҪһЩСУܹƳһ䲻ڣַܿƳɹһЩСܹ
ַƳһûöõʱ䣬ɵȵ֮ųһ𽫿Ƶľ졣
ľ˵ţ漴ȺһǵıţӰС㿴ǵһǡ
ľϴͲҪˣҲã˭֪ǿˡȺЦŻӦ漴ľ˵Ժȥ׼ľӰ
ٺ٣ľϴԺиˣһܺӰС㳯Ϧ飬϶ܶһңһ˿ľıӰЦŵԱߵ̲סһֲ㣬ʲôΡ
һҲõġղ˲Ц£ĿⲻַϣַļЦַ㣬˵ӰСŽľģ˽ҪľϴϦദʲôо
ַָüģЦҲЩɡ
ַĻЦʱľѾԺУߵľӰǰľӰС㣬˿Ƶ㿴
ֱľӰľ
áľ˺˼漴һһľӰޱ飬Щ˶Ŀ̻ЩԶԶԳΪҲľ̻ܹˡ
ˣڴ˿̣һŨֱ֮ϣͬһҪضûȥʹľӰʡ
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ľ죬ֽһЩˡľӰľ쾪ʹľͷ΢΢£漴ĿӿľӰƯ׾Ȼ¶Ц⣬Ҫһĳ嶯
ôˣľӰľɫ
û¡ľ췴Ӧ˹ԺзٵĻԾţǰףһݣܹΪСЧͣľĸ֡
ãԺʱҸ˵ԺסԱǼ䷿ɣҲʱ㡣ľӰ˵
ǣС㡣ľ˵ͷֵȭͷգĵУһöԶ׼öˣһöԼ̻ġ
ȥʰ£˳˽һľӰľԸһʱҡ
˵գľӰ㷵˷֮Уľ¶һĨʣö漴תԺȥ
Ժ˶ڵȴţľʱӵǰЦľϴΣ
ԺԼŬҿûʱ䶽ˡľЦ˵ʱж¶ʣЦľϴԺɲҪ˴ҡ
͡˷׷ǰĽҲмʡ
Ψַ¶һĨɫ漴ô£¶һĨЦݣôʱľҲַ㿴ַ㣬С˵ȽǱҪŬ
һġַ˵ͷ漴ľ㽫ĿƿʰԼĶԺ֮УɷЩ
ַӵҲУڵȴᣬתۼһ¹ȥľ߿˼ΣǰոֻԺС
ʱľӰվԺ֮У˸ַ֣ʹ߹ľ̿ˮľӰĿƿͷȴ΢һ˿ȣܹӰСĹǽǶô
ľ죬ЩҲˣЩһҪᣬֳƺһյҪڼϰָյ۷ˮ׼ľӰľĵ
С㡣ľ˵ͷС㣬һһҪᡣ
˵ɡľӰ
ЩҲ˿󣬵ַ㣬ƺЩϽϵҴӲ̣룬ľľľӰ
ľӰ£漴΢΢ͷľҪ
ȥˡľɫһâ׼ת
ӰʱԶһӰ漴ľĿתֻԱһӰϸˮ磬ׯϡ߹ʹľ΢ЩϢ֮С
ѩ㡣ľӰ¶һĨЦ⣬ѩôˡ
һľѩ࣬ĻľӰһۣѩüΪһˣʲôԼֵ˶ûС


1621 
ϰˡľѩĵ
Ҳ֪ĸ츳޷㡣ľӰľѩĻشδ⣬ʵҲ˵ܹľѩˣľһ˴ľѩ׼ú֮ǰһ£ҲľӰҪһˣҪһ֮ˡ
߰ɣѩҿ˵ˣľ죬ɲѡʮ˲μٽ㣬԰ҳһأˣˡľӰЦ˵ľѩСһЩ츳ҪãҲ޿ޣҲľѩ
סľѩ˵ͷȻľӰҪľμȻľһ꣬ûķˣʮһȵ֮ʮ£һȺϼһûʲôˡ
ľ찲ĸŮĿһֱľѩϣľӰѾǳˣǺľѩվһȴԵЩʧɫ
ԺУľ콫ַڻ˳ľӰľѩЦѩҵĻˡ
ľѩַľӰŮӵĳƺɫ΢ľѩϣľѩǳƯĸĻ͹£ȴ֮Уֻи߹ԸУ£ЩĿⶼЩľŮˣֻƯҲˣ츳ľһУҲ֮һ
ľѩĿҲַϣݣǿ峺Ŀ⣬ȴЩ䣬·𱥾㣬֮Իע⵽ַ㣬Ϊ˶ַ㣬Ŀȴһֱͣϣûƿһ£ܴ󵨣ʱע֮£ַƺû˱ܵ˼ֻôƽĿûеĳȺԲλࡣ
ҪôšҪôǴˡ
ľѩòԺȽˣзζַ˿ţľѩ֪뷨֪θܡ
ѩҪѡ˭Ļ⡣һԵľӰڻ˵ԵľѩĻȺɫһľѩ߿һûУǱľѩѡУɱ뵽ǵĲɵЩȡ
ַͷҲ΢΢˶ΪľѩĻⲻĿһôӽľѩ
ѩС㣬ԸĻֱַӿ˵ʱȡζŻСȻˣβһЩ
ȺɫһĿⶼַ㣬һôĵȻҪΪѩСĻ
ľӰҲַ㣬һĨŭɫ˵ľǲѾѹҪϳľˣľΪң˵ܻᱻߣҪʸѩκ˶У㲻У߹㣬ľҪ
ַ㿴ľӰǸ߹Įͫ΢΢£漴ľ죬ľӰô˵᲻Ϊľǰ˵ʲôľӰλñİɣֻûкľѣΪԳΪľӰĻûȤ
ľ쿴ַɫЩ㣬ҪֱӽַľģȴôɣľӰҲһˣַ˴󵨣ľӰַôһλ
ַ㣬㲻ȴϽҺӰС뿪ľԱɡľַ˵Ҫַ롣
ַɫһ⣬Ĳǣľѩתַٴοľѩ˵ѩС㣬ԸΪĻ
󵨡ľӰǳһľѾˣʱ㾹ʸѩ
ӰֻҪһֵˣҪæȻñ㽻ҰɡľѩûʲôҪֻһ˰ӰҲҪַľַɡ
ѩ㡣ľӰû뵽ѩҪַ㣬˲ʲôˣǺɫ֮տ֮ľ֮С
ѵܶʲôɡľѩĵˣҲҪ
ǺðɡľӰ˵ͷҲûмֻ֣ɨַһۣΪ֮ɡ
ȹȥˡľѩľӰ΢΢ͷ漴ַʾ⣬߰ɡ
ַ̧Ųѩ뿪ߵľӰ֮ʱĽŲ΢΢ͣ£˵ҽľΪ㣡
˵գַ̧ŲľѩĲ
ľӰɫ΢ַıӰâ˸Ϊңô
ַ㲢ûľӰ뷨֮ĿģѾһ룬ֻҪľѩ߱á
ľѩַڵԺľÿһ󱲵ӾסԺԼңľѩȻҲ⣬ʱַľѩҵС
ռܴһ޴¯¯¯ͬ¯ǷյģõҩҩЧӷ¯ЩǰĴȴǷƷһĻ·ǳԻмӳܹûøǿ¯ܱһּصרΪĻ
¯棬豸޴ǯַԶĻ֪ĥߡ͵ɻȱ
ʦǳͨ͸ǷյģͨǳãĹ̿ſֲĸ£ǿɲôܡ
ΪҪҵĻľѩתĿ⣬ַʵָоַ㲢ûеô򵥣٣ͬľӰӡеô
ҲҪ㻤ġַƽľѩʹľѩɫһΪַûеô򵥣Ҳδϵַ˵ľһܹˣԲᳬһֻƵָЩˣԼҲæ׼Բܰ
ΰңľѩЩʵ
Ҷ󷨡ַɺƽľѩȴ¶һĨô˵ɫҺһҲǸˣǣȴ˵Ҷ󷨡
ôʲ٣Ҷ󷨣Ӧܹﵽ㡣ַҲľ˵ľѩǽˣΪԽˣΨкͶԷһܹõԷأȻҪ㹻ıǮԴˣ
ľѩַĻû̫Ĳֻ˵ãȻˣһ֤ȳŰҽЩ׼ãöָй֮ǿʼ


1622 ƻ
ַľһˣϹûʱľѩУȵĿֲֻ¯·һѤʻ棬ſֲȶȣƻˣľѩ
ַľѩʮָ治ϵı仯״λãһâľѩӦ˿ػ棬Ӧһǿ޻𣬳ҰԣľѩƿȴԵЩ˳¯¡
¯һ޴壬˿Ѿӵó죬ҽһлΪҺ̬ơ
׼𣿡ľѩûлͷֻƽ˵
׼ˡַ㽫һöָľѩ˹ȥľѩַס漴΢ʱָĶ㶼ǰ
㿴ˣҶ֮ʱһ㽫֮ȥϣҪ̫ʧ㲻еڶλᡣľѩȻƽһҪķСľصģΪϵʧԽıͼΣΪƷľѩַܸ㲻ϳԵĻᣬֻһΣַգ˵֮Ӹַһö
һġַͷӦһӹǽУ󷨣漴ģ̻һ飬۾վһԹľѩƬ֮Ѿ׻Ϊҽľѩַּ㹺öһЩϣ¯дֱҪ󣬲ϵĽűںϡ
þ֮ľѩ϶˵ģƵ࣬ѴڵģҲȫƾԼȥıǺߵѶ̫ˣΪûг䷽ʲôϣҪδ䣬Ҫϳԣ󲿷ʦôһЩСΧ޸ģϾֳ̫ķѲˣʦЩͨ˳Բ
ֻе㵽һʦܹԴԴϵĲƸȥ׸ſʵ֡
ַ㿴ߣֽ֮״ԶδΣȴѾһĨ֮⡣
󣡡ľѩĿжȻһĨâַľѩĻһʱ彵ٵ¯ϿգȵϢӭַ㱾ó棬ɲ˶Ӱ졣
ַ͡Դذ̳һ·ޱȣǵ·ͬǻİ㣬ϵ˸š
ذ֮Ҫıһ״ԳΪһؽˡľѩַĴذаַҲǿԴذ̻ģҪľѩһؽܴﵽʲô
ַ˫ƲϵĲţÿһΣ֮ϣһ·ģһɺ֮ľѩɫ΢΢һ¶һĨʡ
Ȼ޸Ҹ󷨣Լķʽڿ󡣡ľѩȵĿ˵еַһֻۣǲַ֪ѻĻʱı䣬˵ߵĿԺܴ󣬱Ͼַ󷨻ϸıģƺӵĸЩĻַϵȷ԰ˡ
ԽԽǹɺ֮⣬һءַⲻɵľѩ˼Уһʲôıַڿ̻󷨡
ľѩĳһƷʥģͬʱַ㳢ԵĻᣬоƻҪ޸һˣַ֮޸Ḷ́ܳɾһ
ַĹ̳һʱ̣ڣһ£ֲֻǿ֮ϣвһǿˣټľѩ֮Ƴһ㣬ܿܳɾһ
ַ֮ľѩַ΢΢˵ͷоȻһ˿ǳ΢ЦȻǶַϿɣַ࣬ϿܹˣȫȫĽ֮ϡ
ľѩΪһЩϣ˽ȥ֮ʰǾ޴趯
һصУַ㿴趯˲ɵ£ŮȴôоЩЭľѩƣȴǷǳ֮ͬ㡣
ɡַľѩ˵
ַ㣬紸ʺ㣬һϰһ״κδĿĶ֮һ𣬾ȡϡӡ棬ϸԺӴ
ľӰһߴߣͬʱַ˵ַ΢΢ͷûо飬ȷʺϣֻһϸĹľѩӴ
þַԽԽûпȥʹ˿趯ˣÿһڣǳܴһڣпܶƷңʦƷƷĸʣǷǳߵģеˮƽһʦƳһĳɹֻңʮβпܳɹΡ
֮ʱȻҪƻ棬ʹ߽ıַ㷢ֻı仯ͷȣѹҪƿǿ󣬻Ҳɰܡ
žŰʮһδһľӰַԣȴ˿˼ɲַ㣬ֱӼǰĻڶǳ֮ɲܳʲô
֮ҪˣľӰַ˵ַ㿴ľѩͶ룬Ķͷ϶Ѿ˺ˮʪˣûʱЩ
һѶȱƵҩҪ󣬲ɣศɡַΪ죬ľӰѡľȻΪľӽľѩĿģַ˿Ȼˣľѩܹľѩıǿ
ʱ仺ţʱ¯ϵĽѾڲϵĲˣľѩӲҷɣͲһˡ
ĲԽԽǿңжд̶֮
𣡡ľѩͺһʱϣ·ƿն
ľѩ͵һʱһ·˳ŽţôĶǣͬϡ屦㣬ַһοɵһ˲䣬Ѥ֮ƿնҴ͸֮УХֹǿʢϼ⣬кءѹ޼᲻ݡơ
ɹˡľѩ¶һĨõЦݣתַ㣬ǳɹˣƳһ
ַ㿴ľѩʱĲЦ΢Щʧû뵽Ҳд˿Ů̬һ棬кεĲЦʧ
ǲǸò뺹ˡַĿɨһľѩϣʹľѩЦһһԼϣȻѾʪ͸ˣı٣˿̺ˮʪ壬ʹ߶ĳ˳ջ֮С
ľѩ˲ޱΣǰһû⣬£ǰվһˡ
ȥ·ľѩٵˣƳĻʱյУһӰڿգ֮õĻ֮¶֮ɫ
ѩȻƳˡһλ¶ϲɫľѩһʦҪƻҲô׵ģҪϵȵĲԼĵ׼ȻҲϡ棬һ֮Ľˡ
ʱľӰҲ֮УǲĻа֪ʱҲƳѩ̫ˣһܹ֮Ƴɹ


1623 
ľѩһɾ򵥵ĳȹеøߵҶַ΢΢һЦҲȥɡ
˵ţӰ׷ڿնƶɵԡ
ľѩ֣ͺһʱƿջعľѩ֮Уϣ·֪ľѩƶɰ㡣
ˡˡˣ漴ֳľѩƣַתţֹʹַ¶һĨ֮ɫͨ飬⽣ľѩһƶɵģȻӵԣʹܹ֮׾ٵܵĵֿ
ѩнˡʱһλߵľѩԣЦŵ
ľѩ˵ͷȴû˵ʲôƺⲮôð
ȫԸõϣѩ㶼пƳ׷ʵ֮£ĸǿټһλó˸ƳɲʤģǿԵĻϣ㿼º׷ֲμϣ
껺˵Ȼľѩȴüҿľ֮ˣҺ׷һ
׷ѩˡ
Ҽ׼ңΪôľѩɫôŮ޹ȥ
ľѩĻһˣҲüޣҲüޡ
Ҽ޳ȥŮͿľҵõõôľѩҲ
ˣʱһλ̤Ŀɨһۣ漴ľѩѩҲ֪׼ҺͽɽĹϵΪɽѾ꣬ǿѹľң׷ϲ㣬˸ľԼ˺ܴѹ
֪үүӦҲ׼ҵҰġľѩӦ
ľǲ׼ӣǸշѹ̲ľҵĽڣȻҲûаȡŻԼʤˣ±գľΪ㾡Ŭˣ⣬мµʱ䣬үүᾡҵһλ֮ˣүүҲϣܹʤ
׶үүĺ⡣ľѩ΢΢ǷʦˣһӦ
㻹ôִš˿Ц£ȻִǱˡ
ףֻ߸̶ѣľѩضҪܵģ׼ҵ̫ˣ˵ҵһ֮ˣԼһˣƳһ˵һѾ̤˶ʦľء
ľѩû˵ַַ֪ܲܰʤ׷棬Ͼ׷Ҳǳַ֪ܲʤˣԼ׷ҲЩ࣬Ҫַȫĥַı¶֦ڡ
ѩŬлӮġľӰŲ̤˹ľѩЦ
ľѩ˵ͷʱľӰɨַһۣѩûжй
İɡľѩҡҡͷ漴΢Ż֮صԼʦڣݸַ㣬ľѩЦŰɡ
ˣҵİ󡣡ַ΢΢ҡͷʥͻַ࣬йľƷʥռ䳤ԼȨȣڷǳƵһƷʥӵĹܣǵѶ˿һͨĻ
ַӵеһƽĻȷʵ̫á
ǺãȥһңϢһ¡ľѩַЦ߰ɣҪ˵Ժȥˡ
˵ľѩӰٶڿգȥˣַ£߳ңľѩڵԺ߶š
ľ壬һᾡѩӮ׷ģҲȴһ׮Ըַվǣ񷣬ղľѩԼүүĶԻѾŪһôˡ
΢ĽŲľѩߵַߣû뵽ôΪҪľһͨĻء
ַ㿴ľѩݣЦ˵Ϊ㣬𣿡
ľѩַĻ£漴ЦӰ˵ûȻʲôˡ
νΪΪŽľʵϣҶԣǸ·˶ѡַľѩţʵˣɽǺܽô
ɽǲԶһɽǿ׼ңΪ׼ұҲǽɽ֮ˣˣǵ壬ǿϵ˫
ַ˵ͷҵϵýɽļˣһλŮӺһľ֣ѩ
ôɡľѩЩ⣬ôʶģ
һλʦ֣˽ɽѩʦãϴҿһ𡣡ַָȻа͸аŮѩľѩֻһա
лĻҪʶһ£ˣһ״شó״԰ңԺҲһӴˣȻ˵ľΪңұ㲻ˡľѩһöݸַ㣬Цݺ͡
ȻַҲЦ£ĿѾﵽˣǰ
ַشֻʱ䣬㿪ʼľѩˡ
һºУ󷨵趯Ŵ󴸣ÿһδ£ᷢһ֮ĽֱַҲо΢΢һᣬشͣԻǳֲ
ľѩϵĿŻǿȣͬʱ벻ͬĲϣʹ߱任״һ˵ԽԽĬˣҪｻ֪ԷҪʲôַ֮Ҳ˽øЩ
𣡡ľѩ߳һʱ·Ҫ¯ң֮ǿȶһ
ַĴش֮ԽԽͬһҳֽ㣬ȴ͸ź֮С
ڣ֮ʱһƮַľѩǰл⡢дصĺط֮С
ƷʥѾ޽ӽڻˣҪ֪õĿǷǳͨϡľѩ¶˾ϲ֮⣬ЦݺתͷԵַ㣬ԴӺַԽԽĬ֮ϵȵľƷʥ˵ֻҪԸ⣬׿ԽƳоųɾŵİա
лл㣬ַ㡣ľѩַϵĺˮӰַɾַЩ˼
˵ˣҿΪŽľġַ㲻Ц
ҿҪѹեˡľѩЦţһദ˵ĹϵҲҲʱЦ
⡣ַʼ硣
߰ɣҳȥһЩõϣҪ׼ľѩЦ˵ʱܹڣԶˣܲƳĻ


1624 ׷
ַЦŵ˵ͷľѩţʱʵ˶ˣľѩʵûзӵǿҲԶûȫͷųڴȫԸټϻʼϣᵮЧ
ѩ㡣ʱľѩԺ෽ľӰЦźһľѩסڵԺ䣬ͨģ˿ֱӴڵԺľѩߵ
ѩҪȥ𣿡ľӰľѩЦʵ
׼һЩõĲϣȡʣµļʱһľѩûбҪƭľӰƽĵ˵ͷ
ãҲҪϣһȥɡľӰЦ
Ҳãи顣ľѩûоܾľӰʱתľ죬ľ죬һȥ
ǣӰľ캰һʹַɫ¶һĨ֮ɫľ쾹ȻֱӳƺӰˣʱϣϵҲ࣬ͬľѩһľַõһЩıȻõ˳ЧܺõĴﵽĿģȻǵľѩûг֣ľ콫ַϳľǻ
һľȥľӰľѩţַľȻľӰַ㲢ô˳ۣȻľѩûʲôҲٶ˵ʲô͵ûпַ㡣
ϲ㡣ַľ˵ʹľͫ΢΢һǰĿһâַľʼǸַ֪ľѩϵˡ
ַ㣬ȻܹѩСߣúϧľַ˵Ǻúϧҧøء
һġַ㲻һЦ
˽ߵľ֮⣬ȻʱյУмӰƿնǾֱվľĸ֮ϣľѩһˡ
׷档ľӰɫ΢ľѩҲмǵӰһɫĳۡ
ѩղҶǸ׷ǺЦľѩ٬˵
޳ܡľѩĻӦһ
ҵδޣ޳֮˵׷濴ľѩĮɫȴ֮âľѩ䣬ҪѹԼ£ݺݵľѩһζ
˭δޡľѩ߳
ֻʣˣʱɾʽˣҿ㻹кλ˵׷³һ漴ĿɨľѩַԼľһۣҵŮˣԶЩҲһ̡
ľѩŭȣ׷һЦѩˣҵģˡ
˵գ׷Եļڿգת˲ʧ֮УľɫĲÿû뵽Ե޹ʱ׷涢ˣ׷˿ĺ츳֮ľ֮޳ߣľѩˣȻܹӽģĿ꣬ǽľӰ¡
òļһַ˵׷ԱľҪǿ׼ңΪɽӣͬʱ츳ˣѹָôľѩŮˣ׷ҪҲȻҪѡ
ľѩ΢ЩΪıǴˣŬ޷ơ
ûµġַߵľѩߣ˵ľѩͷ΢漴ַһۣ¶һĨЦ⣺ûµġ
漴˼̧Ųǰȥľѩɵǣַϣǿ׷ǶʦټһƳ
ľӰַɨһۣѩѩ㣬ɲҪСɱˡ
ַǼһҲ֪ʹʲôֶΣȻľѩߵô
ľѩһ㶣ľӰһۣҡҡͷַЦ⻰͸һЩҪСɱΡ
ľһɨַıӰһۡ
С˵־ľӰľѩǰȥַ˦棬ͬʱľѩѩ㣬֪ƣɲҪ˵αɱΣĳЩ˵ǿȡͬŽľġ
ģзִ硣ľѩЦΪַƽ뻹ַȽϺã¶ϣܸһϲ
ǱΪĽ֮أŸĽ֮ľѩ˴׼ܳ㣬ƳľƷʥԼˣΪı׼㹻Ĳϣַ֮˱չϣܹôͻƣ٣ҪƳһĻ׷ûʤ㡣
Ƭ֮شʱ䣬ľѩűҪĲϣ漴ľȻֻ֮أӰм֮ˣŽϢޱȣƽ̤䣬ȴǿ⣬һλǿߣǽޣʣ
ԵˣҲͬŹŽϢ
ɽ֮ˣľѩͫһǰĽʵǰľѩƺδɽ㡣
ѩСȻûеɽֻˣ׷үĻնǽʻ̹ǣǰ׷ǻ׷һС£ȻҪ
ľɫһû뵽׷澹ȻУǰ˵ĻھҪɱǣʹǵɫѿľһλѣǱɽɱˣҲˡ
ǰǽǿߣѵҪ۸λľѩǻܱƽ˵
Ȼҳֻ֣ȷѩС㰲ȫԱߵԻɱĻӦò۸˰ɡ
ãǶ˶ְɡľѩƽ˵
ѩľӰɫһַҲˣνѩҲںľҪģôܹ¡
ѩСȻˬ죬Ƕ˻춯֡ǽʶԵ˽Ųһ̤ľѩ̤ʣ뽣·Ϊһ壬յУΨнâ
ľ졣ľӰľ죬ˣȻһóɱ壬ǳ¡
ַٵĺˣʹľӰɫһ쵰Ȼܡ
ˣַŲһ̤棬ʱʯ˵ᵽʯ֮Уǵ岻ϵĳ·ȥ֮˵ߵס
˫˿̱ޱȵڱ䣬ħ֮֮壬ͬʱ˫ħš
䣡ɱַֻ֮о͵һ·Ҫ˫ħͫݡ
ɱľ쿴˾ȻͣԼԱ߲ˣɱ˵ᵽ֮УȻȴû̶̫ĲҽУΪڻ֮ǰѾʴԷ
ѩϣұ¶ֻܱˡַŲһ̤һλ޴Ե
Ŀ⿴ַ㣬漴һֲħ־֮ͫУںħ־ħ֮Ŀֲħۣ䣬Ҳһݡ
ַΪ̤֮ǿļְֱǣħء䣬֮ˣֶܹͫݵĳٶۣƬ̵ʱ䣬ľ췢ӳʵˣסԷɲǣеʯ׷׳ŵȵһзƽ˾֮ʱޣѾڻ֮УľĻ棡


1625 թľ
ˣɽǿͫޱȣк㳯ǰն󱲵ʵղûȥע˫սΪɱûκ֮£գۼʱ䣬ɽӣɡ
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ֻľѩûоȣַôˣַ֪ӵм޴ذ壬ټַϵ裬ַİΣһôûһЩʵϣַûá
ǰǸʲô뽣ɽǰΪ󱲼˱ֶԸľɣľѩܵ潣ǿϵ˵һ
ܺáǽһĽâ·Ҫ̴ַľ漴Ӱһ·һ˲ϢʧȺǰûȥˣýɽӣȻľУң˵׾١
ǻȥɡľѩعͷַľ˵˶̧ŲľȥľӰľߣںʲôƺǺղľġ
ľľѩУľѩһö򽻸ַ㣬׼һף֮Ҫ̵棬㿴
ַ˵ͷ򽻹Уľѩÿ֮ǰὫҪƵıطĿǶΣʦӵеκһطǷǳģ¶Իˣһ໥ǳεġ
󷨿Ըãֻǲ֪ܷҪƵĻסַ㿴֮ľѩ˵ʹľѩ΢΢£漴Цŵǰ㶼ûоȫ󡣡
㲻ҲûоȫôַӦ˵һЦľѩĿַ㣬ڵһأܷͻļޣΣ
κҪҶܾġַЦ
лл㣬ַ㡣ľѩͷ΢ȣַУ·ܹǹֿûַΪʲôǸ˵ĻַȻ
Ƕְɣ㾡ȥԸԱܹͨͻƼޣϣܹһԳɹɡľѩʦҪȼĻʱȽϵͣ˺Ļܽɹ߲٣ˣһϣ඼໥ϵģϾû桢ꡢȫŻǱȽٵġ
㿪ʼľѩԻ¯һΣᵽ˺ǿĵزַܵ˻淨ԽǿԽԵӦֵĿƣҪǿ
۽𡢴ĥߡͣľѩһ˿ÿһаĴĴ⣬ַƽһԿţڵȵ߳ͣʼ̻󷨣һƷԵĻ֮û׼ԸСݣ̻ǿıַһԶûܣһ˿Ŀ̻޵Ŀռп̻һСǽ֯һ
һǳ׵߸ԭ󷨣̻Լķǿ̳ԱǻӵеҪǿǲ֪ϳ̶ȻΡľѩḶ̌Ŀżɨַа
ַһĿʱҲһΣԽ棬ľѩԽľĿֻ̻󷨵ĵܵˣټЩϵȵĲϲڴܹʲô
һԺڣľӰľ˿Ҳڳ̻ǵһγ̣ʱľӰĶͷ͸źˮ¯µıҫĿľʱѾ˶󷨵Ŀ̻ʼˣƳĴ󵶣ܹܿˡ
ľӰΪţ֪ҪμȱҪôľӱ˵ľ̫ȥģе˲ֻᶪľ棬ҪľõԣҪƳһγ
󵶵ԽԽѾڿʼ֮һܹƵֻǵһȽѰĻڹžȨȵһûطûƣҪߣѶȸ
ڣĵâ·ҪѪ㣬¯вϵĲš
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ľӰ¶ϲɫƳˡ
ӰǳɹˡľҲܸˣľӰƳˣȻֶõһλãľȷ˺ܴŬʱ䣬ȫ˼棬֪ҪõľӰҪľӰ޷뿪ľӰ벻ֻһ취ľӰ֮ϣû
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С㣬㱣ءľ建ĺˣ漴ֱתҪ뿪ľӰһâѾƳҾѾûжʱˣľӰܷߵģڵľӰ
վסȻľӰ侲£˿֮ѹ¡
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ľӰɫһĿ˸ʱյУ˺ܶӰľӰȻҲƳ˻
ӰɹôһϲľӰĸףľӰͷңʧȥľ죬һˣƳˡ
ľ죬ղһʱˣҴûп㣬ң㣬Ҳֻͣһʱ޷ܸղŵ飬㲻Ҫ⡣ľӰѹ
С˼Ըľ졣ľĿȣľӰ
ҿһʱ䣬𣿡ľӰεĵ
ľһƴȫΪС㸶һУľоϲѾϣˣʱһȵʱٽһЩͻһؿľӰѹ£ʱľӰ͸뿪ˣ


1626 
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ǳȥɡľӰתƻ⣬漴΢յУʱƶĻΧˣľӰʱ¶Ц
ӰϲƳʽʦС
ӰҲܹһչˡȺ׷ף˵ЩףأҲ˴żʣЩͬ꣬ľӰƳ˻ζſܶľμǵĻ͸ãˣǣҲͬƳ
סľӰĿ⿴һλ꣬¶һĨЦƳеȻǷǳ˵ġ
Ӱ㶼ѩˣΣһõһĲľӰĸЦ˵ԼŮƳܲˡ
ҫľӰʱղŵĲ춼ˣƮȻĸоΪľѩĴڣľǽ㣬˾ľѩ⣬һ㼵ʵģǰûб¶Ƴһ̣оԼѾкľѩᲢ۵ʸˣͬ׵ĻһľѩҲֻƳһ
׹ˣѩǺƳˡľӰЦŵ
һʦ֮˵ĸ׺ĵԼŮڣȻҲой⣬ҫ
ͣ͡촫ƸܵһǿϢǴԱľѩԺͷųġ
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һĻľӰ׵ɫղ˵ԼŮ츳ľѩתۼ䣬ľѩѾƳ˶ľӰҫ׵ѹȥ
ľӰɫҲһ㶣ϲı嵭ˣѩѾ˶ʦľأվǱȲϡ
С㣬ǻʱ䣬ܹġľƺľӰ˼Ե˵ľӰתľ죬漴˵ͷûʱ䣬Ҳлġ
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ѩ󼸸ʱ䣬һΪŪõĲϣҪ֮ĻԸңһľоһλľѩĶүү˵
ˣһԼŬġľѩҡͷҪҵַó󷨵ˣܣҵҲַܻͬһʦͬǳģԸΪ£Ȼַ֪Ϊʲôַܸܵʵ͹ˣȻǴͲҪȥɡ
ðɡľѩүү֪ѾͷִֵĺܣǾͿԼɣҪʤ׷棬ɲ׷ǼһԼһ˾ѾǶʦˣǵõϿɵģ׷Ϊأټһʦ׷ԻõĲϣܻܿƳ
ˣɢ˰ɡ˻˻֣ʱ˶׷ɢȥľӰΧҲȥʱľӰľѩǰЦѩ㣬ϲƳ˶ҲǶʦˣиܹöãлʤ׷ˡ
һŬģӰҲƳˣһЩʱ䣬һŬɡľѩ΢Ц漴Ǽ׽ӹݸַף㴩ϰɡ
һĻʹľӰɫһһĻѩô͸ַ㣿
ѩ㡣ľӰЩˬɫСļһﵽ׸ѩʲôԻҩȻôá
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㡭ľӰû뵽ַҽӣû˵ľѩֵӰȥɣҪˡ
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ַ㣬лл㣡ľѩЦ
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һʱַľѩһʱգַ֮㿪ʼչسˣľѩѾƺֻоʲôǻܹǿá
ʱţѾԽԽֻʣ֮ʱַڳأƿţԡ֮£ַۣ˿
ڳˡľѩҲԺ֮Уַɵ¶һĨЦݡ
ˣѾ׼ˣڣҪҪһԣ룬ӦòѵģַЦŵ
ˣųжȣ죬ǲ񣬽еľȫϡľѩ˿漴ߵַߣЦַ㣬ҵˣɾˣ


1627 óѣ
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ַ㿴ľѩĲЦݣ¶һĨЦ⣬ʵ׷ϣܹƳʲôƷ׵Ļ
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ַ૵һ漴ľѩԴЦҰɡ
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˾ôԺ֮Уַ۾ϵů֮Уʵʱξ֮УľʱΡ
ľѩַһֱ˵żȻͷַһۣĿһɵԹһǲأǲΪԼŽľģΪԼôַΪô
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Ӱ̫ˣҷģһҵġľҧסľӰĶûлشľӰĻ֪֮ǰľӰ£һΣգֻӲͷƤǰˡ
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ӰľѩվҹļžƣľӰľͬʱһѸѿ漴ֻľѩ̧ŲǱȥ
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ľӰһ΢΢ڶŽȻʱľֱסľӰ˫ľѩлᣬһὫҲѹ£ȻƻҺ£


1628 Ҵ
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Ҹô죿ľӰţʱȷʵЩ֪룬ľûиģֻǶԷܰûľ죬ʱƲ涼ᶪˡ
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ѩ㡣ľӰһľѩعͷľӰ¶һĨЦݣӰһ߰ɡ
ľӰյʵЩεģľѩȷΪã̬ȣȴʵЩˡ
ѩ㣬ôľӰַһַۣôҲһȥ
ҵĴȻҪȥġľѩ΢ЦʱʽٿûбҪַˣǰûַ㱩¶ΪľЩĻϲ֮ˣַ֪ǿַܻ㲻
ľӰɫһľѩַĴ
ľѩ˵ͷʹľӰһ˲˺ܶ뷨ľѩʲôˣľź󱲣ڣҲкǿ裬Ȼû˴ΪľѩɵľѩѡַΪζʲôֻҪӾףζľѩַϣԼһҪǿ
ôľӰеַ󷨲Ǻ
뵽ľӰĿ⳯ľ쿴ȥľɫЩ㣬ƺڻرľӰĿ⣬ľӰͷ΢΢˲ʱʶȤı죬ʲôûʣо׷ȥܿľϣ߽⣬죬֮գʲô£ҲҪ˽˵
ôᣬѵַľ컹ҪǡʱľӰкңоԼƭ˰㣬ľ֮˾ϲ֮һʱ䣬ľһֱûгԽʱ״̬ѵǲľƵ


1629 
ľ䳡ϣ˿̻ˣʯ̨棬ľĳǣ½Ⱥ
ľѩ˵ĽŲ䳡ʯ̨·ʱòͶĿ⣬ΪľһŮľѩÿһγ֣ɶΪ˵Ľ㣬ҲȻվԵַ㣬Ҳľߵġ
üͷ΢΢ţַ㣬˺ǰûм˿̣Ȼľѩվһζʲô˶²⵽ˡ
ľѩĴ󲮼ַһΣֻǽַ㵱һصۣʱȴʯ̨ϵλվߵʯ̨Ե֮أĿ⳯ľѩַ㿴ȥѩ˭ô
ַ㣬Ҵ˴βμľѩƽ˵ʹĴͫ΢΢£Ŀⶢַ㣬ڼǰľѩƳ˶Ϊľѩһ֮ͣѵǴ˺ľѩƶɣ
ѹһֱԭȻѾʺ֮ˡľѩ΢䣬ַƺľ֮˰ɣ
ǰʱոռľΪѩС㻤ַƽӶԷЦ
˴ѩμϵشûп̺õ󷨣ҿľѩ󲮼˵Ҫ˽ַôľѩܳɾʲôĻ
ƺܵЩ˰ɣҵ£ַҴЩѡľѩЩõĵʲô˼֪뿴ܲв׷档
μ֮£Ҳľ֮¡ľѩĮ
㻹ǹܺԼĶŮɣҵ£ͲͷˡľѩģĴһЩŭ⡣
ˡľѩүүŭһĴգתߵԼλǰľһ˵ѩμ¹شĴҪС
Ժ˵ɣȷμˡλţ˵һľѩĴű죬ߵĦɽ˵Ŀⶼ˹˿ַΪƣȻַϵܻ־棬ԱĿ˿Ϊľѩǰһֱ¶ˡ
ľ˷׷׻۶ʱһλߴʯ̨վʾ˰漴ڵʱǵҪʼˣľ׼ѡϲμӴ˴εڣܹƳˣԼʯ̨
ľ֮ˣμǰᣬܹƳ򣬼ȥμӣҲֻͽЦѣһ־Ҫ̭
Ⱥ棬ֻкüӰ̧Ųʯ̨̤ȥľѩֱַۣһﾹȻڱĿ񣬵еĺܡ
ȥɡľѩַ۾ֱ۳ʯ̨ȥһĻʹȺͫ׶ȻһľһŮľѩȻһ˵ֱۣʲôѵľѩΪһ˸飿
˶֮ľѩпҪľȥ׼ҵģ¼Ƕ֣ľѩǰʱƳ˶Ҳʤù׷棬Ȼ֮ǰľѩȻ˲ǳĹϵ
ľӰľľѩǿһĻͫҲ£ľѩȻַĹϵѾôˣ
ʮˣ˶ϣľʮܹ֮Ƴ꣬Ȼܹƾһ֮ƳģԲа飬ǿ˵ϣܹɻƣңɹҲиߵ֮֡
Ҫȷѡһ˵Ŀ⿴ʯ̨мĿˣʵֻܹμӣζҪ̭
۾ɨʯ̨ǰʮһۣһѹٶһ̣ʮ˷·𶼸ܵһɿֲ׵ѹԼϡ
šš˵ĽŲһ˷ֱеġ
ĿɨһۣѹܲסָʦĿܹӳԼʵ飬֡
޹أһо޹Ĵ˺һ
ȻԼѡģȻˡϵĿɨһۣʱ˲ʵĺˣôױ̭ˡ
ڣʣˣֻҪ̭һ顣
ΪõĻóҿĿɨˣĮĵʱǶȡԼƹĻˣֻǶ඼һǶַľѩռһһƵͬһһŮĴ䣬ľѩ󲮵һ˫ŮûзΪμӣǿǿ֣һһ
ֻɨЩһۣ㽫ˣ漴Ŀ⿴еˣƳĻƷȥɡ
һҶ˵ʲôȥ
ʯ̨ϵλаͷĿڹ涨ʱʧܵģˣ˵ֿ飬һǿѹһǿǷƳĻƷʣ
ľӰ˿գͨˣܹľμⱾһҫ֮¡
ˣ׼һ£ɡ߿һʯ̨ϵʮˣƽ˵ʼҪˡ
ľѩĴüͷ΢΢£Ϊһַ㣬Ȼô˵Ҳˣľѩַذɣľѩ׼ңʱַ㣬ĺܲң׷ΪˣŹ
ľҺľ꣬ʤǶ˵ϡľҺľ꣬ĶŮ
ľóһȥ˴εǻаľٶ˵漴ڿգһľĳ̤ƶˡ
ɡľľѩ˵
ľѩʮ˷׷ڿնƲ֮ϣ漴ľԼ֮ƿնȥ滹˷׷ڿգ׷ȥȥʮһȵ
ʱǣǷ꣬Ⱥ׷׳ۣ֮һʦĶԾǵʵش󣬺ܿһʱٰӱգо˵ĳɾͣΪ˾ʦ
Ǽ˹עģϵľ۽ȫĿ⣬ǣܱߵ೬ǰͬɽǣǵһЩŲǳĹϵǰ沩ģǣں沩ġ
˿ɽ˺貶ĿĽɫ֮ڵ֮ϣΡ׳ۣǰΣһĿյأٰĵλΧп̨λ̨ϣзǳλãӴ˷


1630 
ǰ˵Ŀ̨˿вܱ֮˹ݼЩʦЩʦһĿȻʦӡ״ĳۣɫͬЩ۵ɫֱΪࡢȡơ̡ࡢϡϽ
ֲͬɫĳۣǵݲͬɫΪһʦɫΪɫΪ˼ʦϽɫ֮ˣΪֲľżʦǰ˵Ŀ̨֮ϣֻΨһһŵϽɫۡ
ʱһλɫ۵ںһȺ˽̸ƺǳá
ʦĿ⿴һλ꣬Ŀ㣬Ц׷ѾõϣΪĶʦ̵֮ڣ弶ʦ֮
׼ҵ׷棬˿̵һ֮һĳۣȷʵɫģǾԲܹõĳۣ׷ԣһҫ˶Ľ˵ҪͻƵʦ֮ˡ
ǰԸ̵ң׷мǰΪʦͬһִ֮񡣡׷ǳ˵֪ܹõһλ߼ʦζʲô⽫һҪĻᣬĺġ
СӣϷϲߺЦ˵˵˴κľһԼǷˣ
ľľѩľһŮ츳Ҳǳ˴ҺľԼʤ㽫ȢľѩΪޡ׷ʵ˵
СĻ죬ӢˣľѩҲ˵Ҳ䣬Ϸ֧㽫¡ʦЦ
лǰ׷湥ĵ
׷棬ôƺǰ׷ԣһλװõĵʹ׷Ŀһ漴Ĺȥ׷δո¶ͷǣִ֮ǰ֮ȵȡóɾִͣʦ֮񡣡
СܵԽԽϲˡʦˬЦ׷âѾؽΪĳԱһ;еõ÷չ
ǰ׼ȥˡ׷ɷǳʦ˵ͷȥɣҪϷʧ
һ׷建ˣ漴׼֮˶תЦݡ
ľ˵ˡʱһλ׼֮Ŀ⳯ԶȥֻǱߵ֮һӰƶȻľ֮ˡ
ߣȥݻһ׼ҡ׼һλЦ˵ʱ˽Ųһ̤ڿգƬ֮󣬱㽵ٵľǰ
ľֱ׼ҼЦǰڵ
λ硣ľһ溬΢ЦǵЩʲô
Ȼżȥļ䣬׷ѩղġ׼Ҽ˵ձת¿̤ȥ˵룬ƺûиľ֮˾ܾĻᣬһĻʹľв˶¶˲֮ɫɸż¿նȥ
׷棬һľѩǰ
ѩ˽գ׷Ůˡ׷ĿⶢǰòգΪ⶯һܾˣˡ
֪νľѩ˵
ҲգҲãսȻעذɣʱؽΪҵŮˣ˭Ҳס׷ʮ㣬漴ľѩԵַϣз·лš
Ҽǵ㣬߰ɡ׷䣬Ůˣݵ졣
ҵĴμӴ˴ľѩĮӦ
ҲС׷ɶַ㣬˵
ַüͷһ漴Ŀ⿴ľѩʵѩ˴ǲμɷǰȫ
׼Ǳ壬ֲľҪӴһˣʵЩòСҪġ
ǰʮ֮ˣУԱ֤ȫľѩ˵꣬ÿʮٿһǰ֮˶֤˰ȫ˭ײμ˵ôĶ֪
ˣһֱǱɣǰʮߣ˭ɱǺΪУ֮
ֻǿߣʮ֮ˣ㲻ǵİΣˣȻǣͬ첻硣
Ŷַ΢΢˵ͷ漴Ŀ׷ϣ¶һĨЦݣ³һ֣
׷ɫһ·û㣬ַ㣬
Ǳ򣬴û˸Ҷ˵֣ǣҲûм˸ң㵹Ҵ۽硣׷ĿżϷŰɫַ㣬Ϊһʦ˶ǳһλʦΪӣַ㣬
ѩ߰ɡַԵľѩ΢΢һЦ漴֣ǣľѩơ
ľѩϵ¶һĨõЦݣַ˵ͷһ׷߹׷治Ǻţֱַӣνδ޵ִ߹
ָо޷ݵóӹɣ׷漫Ĳ߸ϵĶַ˵ַĺԣңڶӣǣ֣һɻ׷ͷŶַ㣬׷˫ȭգɱΣֲķϯƬռ䣬ʹ˽Ŀ⳯Ͷ
漴Ҳַǣľѩ׷棬ͷԼķַ֮㡣
˭ôĵӣ׷Ůŭ׷档˿еһĻɫһ
׷澹Ȼ֮ˣһֻѾ̤ʾ硣׷ǿʵͷſɲǱ棬ʵҲͬˡ
׼Һľüͷͬʱɫÿ
ľ֣ľĹܽô׼Ҷ׼Ҽ˵׼ҵϱ˿̱ǣš
ѩľҼĮ³һ
ľѩĿתľҵļʲôҲΪԼΪľҪľң⡣
ľѩ׷һһܾˣȻַ֪֮ҪμӴ˴εľƿأԴľûйӦ׼ҵ֮ľûθˡ
㡭ľɫĮ漴ɨַһۣ㵨Ӻܴ󡣡
ľ׵Ľ治ð찡ַпЦΪľѩλãҪľѩͱȻҪľ׼ңòǰʮǿɾ֪ôˣҲֻӲͷƤǰˣ˭ľ׵أ
ҵСַʼ磬Ϊûʼأ͵
䣡һȵĻ˳Ϯ׷棬վַϿ֮أٰ֮ղκᵱɱַ㡣
ַ㣬ڸʲôַָָ׷棬ľѩʵ
֪ľѩѧַʼ磬˿׷ĿͬСıݰ㡣


1631 
ľѩ˿Ϊϲãû뵽ַֻ»˵Ĭ׷汾ȴ⼸仰ŭʹ׷һǱݰ㡣
ʱ׷ŭվ֮УͷſֲǣûַľѩֻԳĿӰ
׷Į˵ľѩڵģĻ֮ʱ㵽׼ңҿôҡ
㣡׷潫Ŀַ㣬Լʲôز֪ɣ
ѩȥɡַľѩ΢΢һЦûҪͶԷѿ֮
ľѩ΢΢ͷǣֳ¿ս٣ʹ׷ɫһνɫѿľĵһŮδޣ˿̵˵棬ǣű˵أ
˵ʲôˣǳ׵ļŭ׷ء˿ַа׼һ׷棬Ѿľľѩ׷ӵģɽ˽죬ľѩΪ׷ˣ֮ǰľѩȴܣǵ˵׷ͬҲ˦׼һĶ⣬һ̫ˡ
ַ˿̵ûпô࣬ʱƬյ֮ϣ۵ԽԽμġ
Ƕ˾ϣҲˣ˾ѾΪ˶ʦֻǻûΪ֤˿Զ˸ӰǰһǶǳʦ˾ϡ
˾ϡ硢׷桢޳죬Ƕǳһ֮ܳˣֵľѩ֮ңľѩӵ츳ˣԲֹ˵ģֻΪľѩ⣬ҲǼΪòԵڲ֪ͬ
ľѩҲ˾ϣַ˾Ϊһǿ֮һΪΪ͵û֪ʵΣǣӦò׷١
ַ΢΢ͷϣֻƳĻǰʮ֮ϯλò׷ֻǱŶѣô࣬ÿһһЩ츳ǿꡣ
ҲˣšľѩָһնӰɫĳۣԣͬһ㣬ϢĽĿյϡ
ַĿƣɨԽԽӰμˣʵӵƻҲǰۣ޷Ƴûκ壬˻ῴǡ
Ȼǲμ˶ƳעֻΪģĳЩ˳гͬһ̨Ƚϣܿó˭츳ͺñ̨ս
ַ㣬㿴ľѩָǰַ̨Щӡͼ۵˱ʦ۵ɫǼ𣬳ࡢȡơ̡ࡢϡϽ𣬷ֱһżʦ
ַĿ⳯һȥϽɫ۵ֻһλɫ۵λɫ۵ˣŵĶɫԼɫۣҲ˵弶ʦʦռݶ߼ϵʦ࣬ζܹƳߵȼĻǶһˣʦĵȼǷǳϸģƳһΪʦȼݡ
ʱЩʦѾʼھΪˣе̫ҲĳŲƣʱ֣ͿҪˡ
Ȼ䣬һХ֮漴˿һȺǿһɫ׳͸Ѥ⡣
Ӧǽɽɡ˰˵漴ֻЩɽ˳¿ս䣬Ȼ׼ȺڵĿ̨λȻźϵ
ǽɽˣ濴̨֮أܱߵĴǣǵһЩŲǳĹϵ
ôַ̡ΪԾ濴̨֮ϣϢȣҲһȴһɽϣЩˣһǿߣ˿̶ڴˣ
һɫ۵ʦ̤ϳ۵ɫζĵȼʦݣȴᣬһλ
޳졣ľѩɫһ޳ŵӣ츳ֲû뵽ѾΪʦˣÿ졣
ʦп㲻˶ǿ󣬵ǿǵ޳䣬ԵЩˣǺηˣμһʮ֮£޳ȻҲ⣬ʮﵽʦľأ˭˵Ժ󲻻Ϊһλʦ
Ȼһ˲μľѩɫ΢ŵļһȻ޳챾һλʦҪҵһϵʮ֮µ̸꣬ףΪʦϵ費ܻġ
ѩ㡣ʱľѩԣľӰľӰǣľ˶վһҲЩ
ôӰľѩľӰ
ôʦоЩšľӰϴһεЦݣ˿̵ľѹ̭˵ˣڴ˿ֻ£վȺУܵһεѹ
ľѩЦ£ЩȨһɣʧҲûʲô
ľѩô˵ʱֺγû֮ģѹԶľӰҪöࡣ
ʱľѩֻоһĿ⳯Լ漴ת׷澹ԲԶվͣ׼Ա߲Զλ
ͬʱ̨֮ϣߵɫ۵߼ʦ˸ں嫿յصϿշĿ⻷ˡ
̧ͷһ̫˿Уʱ
վλ֮˶Ҫˣÿʮ֮أӰһλʦ˵ĵһ֣ʱһʱʧܣԶ˳ûƳҲһ뿪Ϊ̭뿪֮ʱôһֻ֣һλᣬκ˲ö
һֵĹͫ΢΢һȻѾ׼ʦ˵ʱЩ̲֮סͷһһֻ֣һλᣬƲֱ̭ʧܣҲֱ̭
һֿʵԼֻɹʧܣһ֣˱̭
ڣʼʦ³һʱռ·һ
ľӰ³ľƻҪʵģ޷ÿζɹһΣǲʧܡ
Ŀ⳯ԵľѩһֻۣʱľѩѾȡЯ¯ϣֱӿʼ𣬽õĲϷ¯գƻַûʲôѶȣһ֣Ӧǲġ
Ŭˣˣɾҵˡһԣ׷³һ漴ҲԼ¯ȡʼ


1632 һ
׷ʹõ¯һ߶һͷͷ¯ϣͷſ·Ҫ֮𣬶ȡ֮ʱַͫ΢΢£ܿµĻ棬֮𣬳ҰϢ¯һΡ
ʹõĻǱ߻׼Ϊն˼ͷ߻ʣȡ֮޻ɵֻ棬ܹǿߣķҪǿö̡࣬ľѩַ㴫˵ʹַЦӵܾǺãΪ±Ǯնȡ޻ɲʹ׷ƿһֻ棬ʱ֮ʱʵҲԾһɡ
׷Ȼֻܹ棬˼ǿߵİ⣬ͨȻҲǷǱѰӦ׼ҵһǿ󹦷ͨ
׷Уַ㷢֮ˣ˶ӵֻ棬ֻǿͬĴ⼸ˣ޳ӵвӽĻ棬Ҳǳ£ַΪҲǾԹƽģľѩĻ¯䲻еһЩˣҪһЩΡ
ѹ׷ôԴ󣬱츳ƿػ淨ϵƷʵ¯ƿؿµĻ棬ľѩӵ̫ˡ
׷ƻͬʱʱɨַߣĿ͸⣬һֶûκεѶȣ׿ɣǷͬʱԻƿɿֲϵÿһ裬ɼƿҲǷǳǿġ
ûйã׷֮˺󣡡
׷֮һŮӣȴһɱ˪ʣ֮ʱǳרעٶȺܿ졣
ַ㿴Ůӿ΢һĨŮӶշǳʵľ׻Ҫǿ٣׷ȷ׷ƵĻΡ
ܿ죬׷¯ϣѾнХ֮һ֮ܿ켴ˡ
Ѿòˣһ֣ûκѹ׼ҿ̨֮ϣ׼ҼЦ
׷ֶƵٶȻļ֮һ׾٣ľѾͷ׷ֶĶ֡ɽһλǿЦ˵׼֮˶óȻΪǽɽĹϵ
ߣľѩŮ˲֪ôѾڿΪ׷֮ˡ׼Ҽ˵ľѩ˵ַܣѾΪ׷֮ޣС檣׷úϳܸ߰ô
ƿգ׷ĻѾƶɣ漴޳ȼˣҲ׷׽ƶʱȺ̾⼸ö˴˴ǰ漸ϯλһǶɣûսԡ
λǿ߿һλЦ㿴Σ
˵ˮƽȻ޳ǿһȫԼһɣ׷ǣȴϣѷ֡һЦŻӦţҲ
ҵǿ׷棬̶Ȼ¯桢֮ˣ޷ޣƳõĻΪҲлһϯλһλЦ˵ʼǰ˵׼ڴ֮׷Ϊӵʦ
һҲһλʦЦʱǶ¶ζЦݣʵʼЩʦҲѾڲˣѡȻ֮ǰѡԼ۹Σ֮󣬾Ͳһֵõˡ
ɣһֻܿʵıɽһǶѣҪ棬˴ھϯλᣬҪļˡһзâ˸ļԶǿ֮λʮ֮µƳļǿֲ츳ԺУǰ;
ȷǿŮӦľѾͷҲʵǻ桢¯ԼĻ򶼲׷һΣǿһĻлǰʮģϾѾͷѾ߱˶ʦʸ񡣡
һλ۴ʦĿľѩϣŰ֮ģľѩǺúý̵һܸ
ǺǣľѾͷҪΪ׷ӵġ׷׼ʦ𵭵Цʹ˿һۣЦѾ׼׷ˣõǰʮϯλ㲻׼ңѵ׼һôɡ
۴ʦĻʹ׷׼ʦɫһȷڶȡǰʮϯλ֮ˣǻᱣģʱӣ׼Ҳô
׼ҺľԼӦҲаɣң̸۴⻹Ϊʱˣõǰʮϯλ˵׷׼ʦٿڵ׷滹ûʽʦѾڿʼά׷ˡ
ĿԴһλ۴ʦֻЦЦûٶ˵ʲô
ʱľѩҲѾ˿Ľ׶Σַڿգ¯ϣʼһ·йоأҲûпʲôر֮һ·Ĺնɣ߾һ֮
ЩǳĻľѩĻһǳȽʵһϣҲΪЩľѩ۴ʦעһа˵
˿в˶ڹעľѩַϣ׷Ŀ񣬶ԵĺŮʵ֮Σ
׷ԼҲ󣬷򲻿ܳΪʦֻǴַıйоأ޾޵ĵطҲëЩ޷ĥŻдһʡ
ԣûо֮Ҳûд󣬲˵ĻǺʤġŮƽ˵ʱ׷˵ͷâ˸ǶˣַǿľѩϣҲʤǶˡ
ַ㲢ûп̫ӵһֻҪƳ㹻ˣȣ֮Դشߣճ͵ҲһƹһһĻȽϵӦ֡
ûг⣬ɹƿգҲζĵһ֣ǹˡ
ľ˿ƿգɵĿ¶˼֮ɫѩַ㣬ɣȴ򣬸ǵһѾ׾ˣѹľѩûֻǣַ㲻֪ܳģǰ켣ľĬĬţû֪ȡľѩΣ޼䡣
˵ĻԶԶǰʮϯλǵһ֣ѾӿֳʦˣһƿգѤޱȣȻҲʧܣ¶Ƿϵɫ̭
ľӰϾ˼ˣʱͷǺˮþȫŻľɲܹȳɹģûʱ
գľӰҲɹˣƿյɲǣ¶һĨϲ֮ɫ


1633 ٶ
ƳɹˣҲܹڶˡľӰеĻ漴ֿһԵľѩַƺѾƳˣڰĵȴһֵĽ
ľƭҡľӰĿ⿴һľѩԵַ㣬ͽľһ໰ƽ棬ľӰ֪ղģ׽󷨿̳ɣʹûַϵԲܻľġ
ѩ㣬ͣȡõǰʮϯλľӰľѩ΢Ц˵
ҲһղĲٷһЩľѩһЦݣһԵľҺľһˮƽҲҪ̤ǰʮϯλľҫöɡ
ľѩɨľһۣЦĵİɣԺ󲻻˺ľԴģòϡ
ľѩĴһֱŽͳľ׼ҵģԭΪľѩ󲮵һ˫ŮľҺľ츳ǳҪľȫľѩɻǵһֻľѩһߣľһľҺľ꽫Ϊ콾ǧ谮һõľԴ
ҲΪˣľҺľľѩЩ⣬ȻҲΪľѩڵľǶ˵ķͷڸࡣ
֪֮ãȼ׼ң׼ҵҲ㣬ȻղźĲ֪֮߳£֪׼ܲԭ£ĪҪʱźáľҿҪŭľѩЦ˵
ľѩɫ΢ȴַЦѩ˵ԵõۣҲֻЩϲ̨顣
ľѩ΢΢ͷûľҡ
쵹ͦӲȵ֮ҵҪһʲôľһʱһʱѵһλʦ̤һȺȵûɵֹͣɣڣʧߣԼ뿪ԭأøˡ
ʦĻ£ʱв˴ͷɥ뿪һ֣̭һϵ˵μ˱ζǶƻǣĿľ޴ѹ֮£ܶ޷ӳԼˮƽңڴ˶ԣƻгɹʵģһֻ֣һλᣬʧܣ̭
˵Ĺ㳡˿ֻʣ˼ǧ֮ڣʦֵˣ׼ڶ֣һֻһʱʱ䣬ʧܣǣڶֻ֣ȡܹƳƷ֮ˣֻһλԣ˭ƳɹڿյĻߣǰһλ̭
֮ʱܰû¶̫⣬ȻǶѾ֪ģǧ̫֮࣬Щڵ˱ԣˣڶֱһĽ׶ΣѡһܹƳʦһ飬սȺܹĿǵˮƽΣһЩһУԿһЩϲʦȥȡǡ
Щѡ˿ɲЩƳûˣϾμУһЩ˺ᣬҲֻжʮңȴǳǱѾܹƳԺĳɾͣһͻЩܹƳ˵͡
ų֣һõĿӡ
ľӰЩ¶ЦһѾļˣƶû̫ϣһǰһλܹ
ڶڣʼ۴ʦ³һ漴ˣʱһɳȵĻֱ񷣬һȺҵһ˲ԼĻ棬ʼ¯һ֣Ҫʱ䡣
ѩúһЩĲϣһὫ󷨸ơַľѩѾ˾Ҫʲôһֵڶֶûãʱ׼㹻ϡ
ãġľѩַ΢΢һЦ˿˵һ㶼ŲܣϾַҲûƳζȻûлɹˮƽԼַʵֻҪȥԲڻ¡
λʦĿ⻷ˣ׷׼ʦЦ㲻ǿľѩô׷涼Ѿһ룬ĻŸոأ
һλ۴ʦЦſһۣ˵Щˡ
ٶȿɲһʵľѩڲ׷棬츳׷棬ֻû׷ѡ
ãȵÿľѩܷһؿ˵׷׼ʦЦɿ׷
һֵȻȸղŵһָӵļң˽ŵգ˶ֶ룬ʹûˮ͸
¡һȺֻĳλһλʦ¯вϱѣʹƬռһƬںڣ˶ΪǱûܹƿغû򣬳ֱѣʧܣ¶һĨЦɫԲټˣǹۿϣܹѧһЩĵá
ľӰͷ˷֮УĽУǰߣ¶һĨʧɫ
߼ľ󷨣ܳɾͶģҲˡľӰ̾һ漴ϨʹľɫһС㣡
ܹμҽڶ֣ѾǳˣڣɡľӰû٣Ŀ⳯Եľѩȥַֻڿ̻󷨣һƿ̻÷ǳϸڽ֣һ֮ͽһ͸ſµ
øӵ󷨣ѾԽľļްɡľӰɫһЩζ߾Ȼһ󷨴ʦȴûע⵽ôΪֻҪעһ£ַ㣬˰ɣַĵһ𣬾һֱ϶ַܲַ㣬ƺҲúַͣͬԼ˵ľΪľӰ
ʱַ𣬼Ͽ̻ţƽ֯ԽԽĿâҫֲۣʼļ¡
󷨣ѩܹĽ뵽УܳɾͶľӰĿԽԽľȴɫѿҲַ֪ôһġ
ʵ֪ܹ֯Сǿľѩַϵ۴ʦ¶һĨâַɲôޣǣҲκο޵ĵط׼ǿƷ·ûð㣬һ·ӣȴֶĽڽȥʹ֯
áڴʱԵ۴ʦͺһĿת漴㿴׷ڿնѾƳ˶һƳɹ
áã׼֮˷ǳˣվ
׷վ֮ϣȺۣĿɨ¿յľѩǱߣʱַѾ˾޴ʼˡ
һĿľѩҵĻС׷ĿĮʱһӰŻڿգ޳Ҳ˶ơ


1634 ڶĻ
޳֮˾Լ粻ʾ˺Ҳͬ˳ò˶ап˵һǿȷ٣ڶʮ֮һεУ޳ˣӦʵǿļˣУ»˶ô˴ϯλԡٹ⡣
׼ҿ̨֮ϵȺЦݣ׷ı֣ͽɽ֮˽̸ţľ̨һɫĮҲüͷţΨľļһƵƽ֮ɫ˭޷дʲô
ٶȣȻܽǰһ٣ֵ̤УǰʮϯλߣľѩĴɨַԼľѩһۣߣ벻ǰʮϯλҪľѩô졣
ԽԽĶƷƳɹķΧʱӽֻ¡첻ϣʧ¯ѲͲòʹʧ󣬵ըѣʱĽȣиһɾ޴ѹһЩˮƷǳţⲻ˳һЩʧ
ʧĽ֣ʧܣƣʱӵĽѹҲ
Ϊ׷ѾƳ˶˼ַľѩϵĿ㽥Ķ׼֮ˡľ֮ˣλʦҲʱעַԼľѩ
ľѩַɵĽţû˸о޵ľٶȴƽȣÿһ趼а󣬶ҴʱַѾϣľѩɺˡ
Щǲκġַ㿴ľѩͷ΢΢ЩĺˮĶǳЦ˵漴Ӱľѩ¶ͷĺѹ
ľѩľŮľɲַܹȣֹϵ˵ĴȻЩŵģ޷ַȻƽַĶͷ΢ůַ¶һĨЦݣоҲ΢΢Щ³ơ
ʱǰĿ̨֮أһϽ۵ʦǣʦֻһλ۴ʦĿⲻ俴ַľѩһۣ˴зâһ׼ҵ׷壬ǺԼ˷ͷҲһЩ͵꣬䲻ޣȴ˿͸أ
ȻһЩ͵ͨûκξ֮ȴ˿͸о֮ˣпܻǳȻҲпܱ߹
Ǳ֮˭۵ߵһλʦʵַָľѩڵķλ
˵Ůɣ֪ľѾͷľѩ츳׼СӿҪ׼ңѾͷƺЩԸ⡣һλ۴ʦЦ£ǲʶ꣬Щˣǻǻżעµģľѩϵá
ǣߵСӡղǳ۵ĴʦЦ˵ľѩַȤһЩΪղżȻ俴ַʱ򣬺ȽûгĴȻûи𾪵ĸоܹһΪ󷨿ְ̳⣬ⱾֵùעˣƲԵжǿΪûпַ¶Ľ֮⣬ڰοľѩĵ͵γһǿš
һ治֪ΪľѩĴ֪Ƿľˣô㿴˴ӣҿ԰ȥʡһλ۵ʦЦʵ
ˣٿıְɣϼһأ˭
ܡʦˬЦ
ȵ˾κ˶Ӳǵ۾ˣٱҲܿó
˵ЦĵǶעȺЩһˣΪĶܻ˽ǵλϡ
ѾʮƳˣεǲԻһҪЩҪŬľѩԵľӰĿ⿴һеȺʮˣζѾʮƳ˻
ɣڴʱľҴһʱƿգľҺľͷգж¶˷ܵЦ⣬ɹˡ
˵建ڿգһԺȻǣ̤ľ
áľĿ̨ľѩվ˵ĺȵľҺľϣȻҪľѩַǿԺ󣬿˭ܶԶŮԴ˴֮ľľҺľ˰ɡ
ľѩ˿̾ɺ侲ַվԣоһǰδйİȫУ꣬·û˹ϵ㣬ûȥͺܶһʱ䣬ֻǾȵԼ飬ַһûһߴ
ַ㿴ľѩϴ˿˿Цݣγһ־أ˴ľѩ֮ؽһ̨ס
ڣʮƳ֮ʱַľѩƵĻ֮ƿգľѩϴǳЦû̧ͷȥǽĿתַ㣬¶͵ǳЦû̫ľϲ·Ȼ֮¡
ַ㣡ľѩһ䣬ַЦŵ㲻ҪллҰɡ
ûУֻ룬£ҲĿԿˡľѩ¶һĨƤЦݣʹַɫһ漴Ц̧ͷ
ߡַӱܵɫľѩԹĵͺһƲƲ죬գ˵Ҳڿգ̤˵֡
ѩ㣬ף㡣ľӰ̧ͷգдż֮⣬Ȼֻߵڶֱֻ£Է·ڽţı˲٣ҲЩ꣬ȥˣܶŵģǽ֮ҲᱻľЩóˡ
һҲġľѩľӰЦľӰصĵͷֿһַ㣬ַֻôƽûа㲨˿ûǰĸо·ַ㿴֮ʱĿİ㣬ɫľһˣ۾ģ·ҲȻı仯š
ˣѩ㣬һõǰʮϯλġľӰף
ǰʮϯλһյľһڶʮλʵҪ̤ǰʮϯλ˵Ρ
ľѩƽɨľһۣʲôû˵УľҺľ꣬Ŀꡣ
Ǻǣѩ㻹ǿ£׼ҲŶԡ׷ľѩֱӳŶԷȥ¶һĨɫûӦ׷ΣǶֱӣ׷ҲֻʶȤĽͱϡ
һ̤֮ʱһλʦվ˳Цˣڣ̭֮ˣ뿪Լλðɡ
Ļ£ʱ˴ͷ뿪ܿ죬ټĹ㳡ֻʣ˰ˣ·ԵøĿյ˵ЩϰߣȻ֮⣬Ҳڻľˣ


1635 
һٶϣļ˶һ⣬˶ݣͬСɣ֮˶Դ˴ޱӣû˻᲻ΪЩһ֮ˣֻһԭûҵʵĴҵ˺ϣǶһЧá
ȺĿȫ˿Եÿյĺ嫹㳡ĿȣЩǴѡľӢʦһٮٮߣҲڼʮ߰ǽܴʣ˿̣Щڣ֤Щʦ
һսһսҲһ˵ĳ֮ս
ʱֻλɫ۵ʦͬʱǰһŹ㳡еȺ˵ʼǰĹǻϽʦһ´˴սĽɡ
۴ʦĻʱȺĿⶼǣҪеĵطԶֻһ𰸣
վǽ˵ܹ͸ǿĻǵĸм˾֪ģֻҪӶһܹõǵĲƸԶԶǻô򵥡
ܱߵǶһЩϵһЩŵĴߣҪʱ򣬾ҵʦȻҪȼ۵ıžͨżõǿϣпµ޻Щпܳڽ֮С
Щ׵ı඼Ƴʦ˽У˶ҪΪеһԱֻҪ㹻ǿʵζŽԴԴϵı㣬ȻЩҲкܶһֱ֣¶Ϊصһӡ
ĻۣûκܹȸУʮһȵÿһṩıȻĶ
һΣȻҲġ
ͬǼЩμԭ
Ͻ۵ľżʦǰλ۵İ˼ʦһȺǰЩʦ¶Цݡ
ݼʦ㳡еڶ궼һ΢΢ʾأżʦͰ˼ʦѾǼΪֲˣƳĻвվʶ˵Щǵĵλ֮Ҳ֪
ؿǶһĶֻҪϸˮҵĳɾҲΪ棬ǳԽңҲûпܵġ
Ͻ۾żʦ΢Ц˵ʱ˶ȻĶԽζŽܹƳֳ֮ɾֻͣһ£ĳȡ
ĽˡǾżʦٶһЦʱ˶˾Եİ֮У˴һЩ֡
ô˴ھϯλ֮ˣõһֻ棬ֻǿնɱһͷ߻ãͷ߻ʵΪλʣͷ¿ֲ޻λµǿߣ޷ܾͷ߻޻֮ǱУǱɣǽͷ߻ʵ޻ȡ˳Ϊ˴ھĽ
żʦ˵ʱȺ¶µ⣬ǸλߣҲĿ͸ŷâȻĶǿĻ棬ǶǶԣо޴ջ˵Щʦˡ
ͷ߻ʣλʵ޻õܹµϣƵƷʣԵɱˣҲӳֲͷ˵ţļֵɹ
ܿ죬˵ְ뵽ǸûϣܹõһʲôԼģͷ߻ʵ޻Եֻǳɾ˶ѣЩǿ߸ǿ
޳졢׷塢绹˾ϣǿ£ͷ߻ʵ޻𣬺ܿһλġͷţʱ׷ǣȷھĽȻûʧ
ͷ߻ʵ޻ڱصá׷˫֮клЦ˴ɲܹ˹ѡ
ˣھϯλıǾͷ߻ʵ޻𣬶ڶϯλĽһ߼ףλµĹ޷͸Ǿżʦٶȿڵɫһ߼ѾƷĲˣλʵĹ޷Ǵ͸ھյʱǵ
ϯλĽͬһ߼ǹԵĻ
һ߼ĽʮǰҪһΡһЩһа˵ǾεĽǷǳˣ߼ĻѾλʶĶˣϾҪҵһλ߼ʦæɾô׵顣
ڵġϯλ֮ˣõһĻʮϯλˣܹõһ弶Ļʲôұ㲻˵ˣ֮ȵܸ֮ǡ
ϽʦЦ˵֮⣬ǻǰʮϯλˣУԱ֤ǵİȫ㣬زҶ˵λҲӦףԣҪǻõĽˣÿˣǷҪΪĵˡ
˶аҡͷɲϵһЩԼǿĴ߼ĹϵҲ޷˵˭Ҳ֪ǴۼǿߣҪΪУҲҪúõ
⣬һһϢҪǱǽУϯλˣʦҲǰ˼ʦѡһλָһʱ䣬ȻһʱУǽΪʦͽҲֵÿġ
˼ʦָ˻һһҷ죬ǰûеĴȫҪʦԼԸڣȴֻᣬǰߣô̫ˣ˰Լûʵ
ĹУκ˿еһԱֻҪ˫Ը⣬ҲֱӳΪʦͽͲҪҶ˵ˣȫǵԼԸ
Ͻ۴ʦЦ£ÿһеģ׷ʼǰһλ۴ʦԼ
ǰʮϯλˣ߱ѡеˣֱӼΪһԱżʦ˵һ漴Ⱥ΢Цŵͷ建ˣ׼ʱЩʦˣջѾӳЩȥŬȡɣ


1636 ¶
öôо̾˴ǰʮϯλߣӵеĺôĲϯλ֮ˣעܳΪ绽ʦ
ǣܶ˻ǺƣֻǰʮϯλûʲôĿܣѶ̫ˣ޳ѾʦֱΪ֮ˣ˴ȻܹƳģϯλһλá
ˣ׷ڵڶֱѾ¶ֱŴ˴ĹھϯλȥģϯλҲһλã⣬˾ϣԲʵ֮ĸ⣬һЩߣ̫ˣζҪƴȫ
Ͻ۵ľżʦͳʦ˻صԭλãλ۴ʦɻվ֮УȺֵӵĸʱʱ䣬Ҳ˵ʧܣĸʱ֮óƵʻȴ˴εΡ
ĸʱȻǰֿǵ̬ԼʵĻǿȫĹˣȫóƳȽϣңֻʣһˣǿ߻ΧĸǿߣǶĿһ˵ƣ۲ǿصʦ֮
һҪţһʾãΪṩԴԼԴǿĹύЩĴʦȵɳһЩԷȻǲܻܾġ
˵˴˶ȫԸҪ˾ûõǰʮϯλҲб߸صĻᣬȻõ˸á
ڣľʼλ۴ʦͬʱڣһ˲·ͬʱ䣬¯
ľѩڵ֮ϣ³еһУͿһ־ˣˣҲһֵľоڵڶľһɱ䣬˿һ˿޷εĽš
ģٲãҲǰʮϯλַ㰲οЦľѩ΢΢ͷȫӵĻǰʮϯλӦû⣬ֻǣĵõǰʮϯλľԼµ彫¼޵׼ң׷õϯλĻһֻ۱һֻۣһ˵ԵЩ΢
ǿʼɡľѩһȡĲһּӲϣͨ͸֮ɫԵøѤ棬߲ʲĹơ
ѩ㽫óˣֲϼӲĻҪ֮ҪһЩʱ䡣ľӰһԹעľѩľѩѡĻĸʱֻĻᣬңǳȣҲľѩûѡ񣬲ѡõϣҪ˦
ľӰֿ׷һۣһų֮ɫ֪ǺûƣܹܵеĿֲ֮
ȺǳֻȥЩѡ˲ŵģҲвˣѧϰ֮ģЩмȡԼõľ顣
ľӰԤϵľѩĿʹĻ棬ķ˰ʱŽֻۻһϣĶͷкˮ¶ˡ
ַĿ񣬶ƺѾѡˣֻҪĵȴȫһο󣬿»ҪķѲʱġ
ĹУȻֻʣ°ˣһΣ㳡֮УһɻƣƬĻ֮ȡǳ׳ۣΣ˶ȫΪʼǿˡ
׷ڵľŻ֮ѾܹĻ˰ɣ˿Ѿ֮һλɽǿ߿׷ֻ׷ػ֮ʱ淭ת仯֮УʹϺҲڽš
Ż֮ûͲȽףҪǣܹĹб㿪ʼƿδεıڣˣɹʷǳߡ׼ҵļЦ˵Ż֮׼ϵž飬ֻǲƪȴѾ׼𣬾˵ľŻ֮ӵеʯɽ֮ЧΪۡ
˴׷棬Ϊ׼ٹ⡣ǽɽǿЦ˵ʱ׼֮˸ΪҲڴ׷˴ھϯλ
ľѩʹõĿػ֮˿˿Ѿһ𣬶ͷ˺ˮԵúܳȫԴаи˿ģѾߣֵ״ǳǹ͸âĳǹǹһһϸ棬ΣַĿռ䣬Եխ
ѡǹ׼ҺľɨľѩߣһЦôСĿռ䣬ѶȴˣǹʲôͬĻǺȣɲһռƣһǳѡ
ԸʷôľѩЦȻƳǹ
עˣƺôƳǹĻǰʮϯλˡ׷׼ʦԵʦЦʦüͷ΢΢ţȻЩ죬ǹ߿󣬿ɲףңľѩƶɵĳǹߣͨĳǹϸխѶȣȻܹƳ桢Ѹ͡
ЩĴʦﶼԼעˣ۴ʦ⣬һλ۴ʦľѩȴ¶һĨľϲ֮ɫЦҪչ¶ʵʵôûһˮƽɲҿ󡣡
һֱַĹעǳľѩĹעһʵ̫Щ
ַ㡣ڣľѩ۾˵ַȻſһâ漴΢΢һڿգֲǰ·һĻ㣬ǹ⡣
ؼްŶȻ䣬ַһֱָӿ֮У̼䣬ղһ·Ư֮ϣ˴ذ֮⣬̺֮·ܹһֱڿա
䣡ַٶһʱһ·ʼ֯ڿա
տ󣿡ע⵽ַߵɫȻһտ󣬶ң֮ǰһһ̣һ֮һ·켣
ַۣۡۡ˫붯һٶȲû֮ǰұǰˣԽѣȻԽ졣
ˣһȵѾ۶ɣСʼڽ֯շ·𱻴ܿ죬һݺύ۶ɣب֮С
⡭ľӰͷַôǿ
ţľ׼ҵҲüͷ壬ľѩ֮ˣ󷨾裬ƾ˿ģ;ԱľѩҪǿ١
ȥַһʱһӡЯ󷨳¿ӡȥһ죬ֱӡ֮ϣâҫ
󷨣ԶԶʵҲ˶ˡ׼ҵļЦһȻĻ£ַֻٲеһν֯ҪŵģɲǸղǼСںϡ


1637 Ȼ
׼ҼĿ⽩£ղŵĻ޷˵ȥ˵ƾѵܴ漣ɣǰʮϯλΣֻҪ׷ϯλҵҪ˭ӵӡ
׼ҼֻҪ׷ϯλľѩַ϶ȡǰʮ֮λһѹ
ڴʱڶע⵽ַ㣬ǿƽ桢ƽȵ꣬˿ƺˣȴ˵ղŵĿǲΪӪô˿ôݿݣ·Ҫһǳɣһӡµʱ򣬺ܿ죬Сַ֯ͣӡ͵һ̳ӡ˳ǹ֮С
Ⱥǳǹ֮ϣַ̳󷨷·ӡ㣬âҫ·ʹϨ
ңʱַĶɶûͣпһĻʹò˵Ķ˵ľӰ˫һֱַΪǹߵխַҪϿһǿɻʹ·ңռ̫խпһС㹻ƿؿռˣǣַһСӡϣҪܹһ𣬶ѶʵЩֲҪôŸô
ľ죬󷨣Ӧ̵ַİɡľӰԵľ΢΢£ľӰ仰ѾܾˣʵҲ²⵽ˣʱʳѾҲûκεĸ
ӰС㣬ֻǡľ΢΢ţҪͣȴľӰûпֻǰ˰ֵؽʲôˡ
ľӰ˿ַľ͵£Ҳûǰʲô뷨ֻǱľˣַҲýʲôУûں뵽ľӰ΢΢ЩԳ뵽ԼŵΪַΪŽľģǶôЦ
ѩΪʲôķ涼أԼ۹ⲻôľӰеĴԼ˼άֱ϶ַֻǴɫҪľһͨˣעַһ£ȻͲᱻľƭΪ϶ַ˲УԲŻױľƭ
ľ쵱Ȼ֪ľӰʲô˿Եø֪Լ˻Σ
ǺǣҾ˵СЩز¶Ϸ۹⵹ҲˣҲǰϯλġǿַľѩ۴ʦЦԱȴһߵôǶˣ
ٱȽϿá˻Ӧ
׼Һľиעѹ׷ԼľѩϣҲעΣ׷׼ʦЦ˵׷ʹ׼ҵľŻ֮ɾû⣬ǴȫµܻᵮϵƷʵַľѩ˵ܹȵϵġ
ôģǿַϵ۴ʦʵ
׷ʤ֮Ҳοһʤҵ֮һΣ׷׼ʦĿǰϼһžѾá
ľѩַϵ۴ʦɫ΢Ŀ¶âһôҰģȻ֮Ҷģ֪ϻ쵰ûаյ飬ôģԿ϶Ƕ׷漫Ϊš
ɷҿƬ̣Ŀ¶һĨЦ۴ʦڵ
ȻԡһЦ£Ȼ׶Էʲô뷨ҪַĿܹ֮ﵽʲôأǼһﲻ׶ģϾעʵЩˡ
Ŀ۽ַϵʱԵøΪעˣʱַɵտ̻ٶɺܿˣҪõʱܳɾͼ֯СȻӡ֮ϣϵʥ֮⣬ԵԽ貶Ŀ
ڿһǿʢĴС֯ɣǣСܹĽ֯խ֮ô˵ţ֮к֣ܶۼĻַ㣬ӦѾǵһˣǶ󷨵̶ȣº޳춼޷ȵϣ޳ҲǷǳģûд˿ֳַô죬ߣǳĽ֯·Ҫϸĳǹס
͡͡ǹ֮ϣѾ֮¶Ϊ񣬼ںԶܹܵõ
㿼Ǻ𣿡׷׼ʦһ
ǿַľѩϵʦ˫гһߣַ¿Ͻ֮֯⣬ͷ΢΢£漴³һãҶģ
ϼһһΪ׷׼ʦɫһ˸â
Һʱ
ãλΪҶ֤˶ߵ۴ʦ˵˵Ҳֵÿ֣΢ЦŵͷǵڶУЩʦ˲źûʲô˵ĵطִϢĶעֻոУʹЩ꣬λʦȻ׷ľѩ˶עԽԽȤˡ
ҿĹھϯλǳġһλ۴ʦ˵޳ҲƳߣѾڿˣƵ߾Ȼһߴ׵ľ޴ԵüΪΰ󷨿Ҳɣܴ󣬶ʹõҲΪֲ
⹦ܵĻƳĻȷͨҪ߾ˣλ۴ʦŻῴú޳ùھϯλҵõ˲˵϶
ƵĻһȣſֲĺ˾Ƶģһ޴֮
λߵʦУ׷ƵĻΪͨƵĻһ֮ǽ
͡͡ʱѾһʱʱȥˣַѾɣֲ֮ڷţ㻹ֻߣȴѾһ֮ѹڳǹ֮ǰȻһ֯һֲ΢ͷ籩
󷨵ÿ¡ͷţڣû˸СַˣľѩϣҲʽΪϯλߣַʱľѩȫػգ˿и
Ƕ׼ڶˣһξѾ㹻ˣڶƣΪԪˣܻʧܣǶ׼ֱһ˴ĳɰܡ
Ⱥвһˣǰİٶϣȫһ˼Ҫһǳɣûйʧܵ׼һβƳɹǾֻеȴ̭
䣡
һɳȵҽ֮ϯ׷Ƶĳ֮ϣѾ¿µĻâˣʱĿַ⳯ľѩɨһۣĵû뵽ǾȻһЩֿȻˣҾǾĻѡ
³֮߶ʱХ֮֮ɫĽɫø֮ӵǿʢ
˾ϴ˿Ҳһʱǻ֮ߣȻƯ֮Уߣڸ׼ĵˡ


1638 
ܹɾƷʲ͡ĿͶ˾Ͽ̳ɵߣаݣҴ˿˾ϻںĴһ֣̺֮ķ֮ԵԽԽǿʢѾлӰӡ
ǱߣȷΧһ˪նᣬ촫һλʦĿⶸȻһǱ֮¶
˿֮Ϣûɫ԰ף漴ϸһ㵭ĺ˪嶼סǰ¯Լ棬۳ɱ˪汭ںУΪĿĴˣһԡ
⡭˿һĻһԣǲ໥˵ģǸǹģıͷŵĿֲֺûܹ뵽Щ۴ʦҲ¶һ˿εɫ漴촫ƿ˱˪ȫŭ⣬ò׽ľôˣ
ʱ䣬λÿʼƣǶʵǰʮӦûʲôϣģҪ¿๦һλ۴ʦ˵˶ʱԴ£ٶʲôԼ¯ˣѾ˥ߣʵȷ޷Щ棬ûҪˣһҲ
ڴʱӣ޳Կڽ֮ϣƴ·Ҫ죬̺һɿѹҪշѹһС
һƷҪƳˣ֪ƵĻ˭ܸʤһ˹ź޳ƳߣѾʼ¶ɣԶĹѾڿʼ²⣬ϯλᱻ˭õ֡
ʱַһȣ漴Ƴ¿ӡȥ֮ϣ̼䣬߹âҫһ·ȻţߵÿһԭƣȴڸıŲ֣һ֮¶ǹ˼¡
ͷַһʱľѩ¯ַ˹ȥ޴ַͬһѹ޴ݺݵĺ֮ϡ
ҪôȺɫһǹϣǿʲôز
ڣû֪
ǲӦ㹻ûﵽ֮Уǹǿ͹𣿡׷׼ʦ𿴵ַĶһԵ۴ʦЦ֮Ҫһˡ
δ˵˻δΪʱ˰ɣǳǹӵĿռ䣬󷨵вˣټĲԼ֮ãƳܹɱһλλʣƷʵ׷棬Ҳˮƽɡ
ַľѩʦ˵ȴЩַµվܵ˿ռǳǹ̫խˣַµģһֲ֯޾·ڽϵĻȫֳĻַҪսʤ׷ĻЩˡ
ܿͻġ׷׼ʦˬЦ
·Ϊ֤Ļ㣬ʱ׷ĿȻſ·лб漴׷ѪʼͬɽХ㡣
ѪΪ׷µ³һʱϾȻѪǰȥʱ߷Х֮У·Ѫ
Ż֮廯Ѫ
ۡһѪ׷֮ϣҲѪ죬Ż֮żܵϵ˿Ե廯Ѫʱ֮ϣƳһƳѪ֮â
׼ҵļվͬųâ˴ĹھϯλӦҪ˰ɡ
Ļɫһ׼ҵļ׷浹ţ׷ʵȷʵ£ʱһɳѪ֮ɫҡϣڽ֮Ͽգʹ۳ɳѪ֮ɫơ
ƣȺ΢΢ţˣҪļף׷棬ҪһԳɹƳļ
ѹѡе׼óģ׷棬ѡԼȴҪ£ýƷѹĻȻûɾŻ֮׷Ҳֵز
ѹִ˴׼һֱôߵ˿׼ҼվֱҪĹھϯλԭļҪ
ϼһ֮Ҫҹһˡ׷׼ʦЦŨѾ֪׷ܹƳļϢ
ߵʦɫΪÿⲢܹ۹ַľѩѾˣû뵽׷滹еڣ˿ҲֻӲͷƤʦδ˵Ϊʱˡ
áãҿʦ㻹ôС׷׼ʦã̲סЦϼһܾ֮ˣ׷浹ǸԼҪء
ȿȣľѩҲע⵽׷֮ϵƣɵƺһ涼ȵĲ
ľѩ֮һᡮúáġ׷˿̳־˵漴ٶȼоרľѩǶ΢΢ҧѪ˿ӵĲȹ
㾡ĽҾСַľѩ˵ƽľѩ΢΢̧ͷ˴ַ߽һۣ·ܵ˶Էɢǿţȼģַġ
ǹֻǳַͣ㾹Ȼͣ漴ַֻ̺µָ֮ϣݺݵĿһ·
Ҫ󣿡ȺַĶͫһû
ôĵӣҪ˫ߣ󷨣ǿ۴ʦ۽£ͬȼһϣڴַܸϲ
һַûиղôˣһһֱӿδε֮ϣңûвÿһ··˲ȥ˭֪ڿʲôơ
Ƿ磬ǻãǰ˿̨ϵλʦɫâСһЩأʦĽΣ׼СһУһӵ󷨴ʦĻҲԲҾֻǺϣҲпֲļӳãͺñȴ˿ľѩһľѩܳɶӳɣûֱۣ֮˿ͻļϣ
ǹѾһε˺棬Ⱥǳǹֵƣһɹ֮⻺ľ漴ڿգ֮У̶Хһɿµķ籩㡣
ơȺɫ΢΢һַľѩƵĻ˫ߣ֡
ǣַԣһֲı֮ľҺľɫһɫͬ̿㣬ǰըѵ¯Ƕԣˣ
̧ͷһַľѩϿյƣɫܲÿַľѩϣǣ


1639 
ľʧܣĸףľѩĴɫҲ΢΢һɫÿղŻ˵ľҺľʵľѩַϸǿŽõľ֧֣˿̣ȴʧˣַľѩơ
ǿҵķоϻģ·Χľ˶ڶһ
ľҵУһܿáľļ³һʹľѩɫӲгɹʣǰϣʧܵԶֹľҺľˣңľ֮УܺľԼľȵҲûУԭǴ˴εĹ
Ĺ̲û⣬Ӧʧܣȴ˽ΪѩǱߵ£Ȼһ۲Ժı֡ľļƽ˵Щû˵ľѩľλЩΣľҲóľѩľѩϵ츳ľҵľУǲı䣬дͻơ
ľѩ֮ˣǺηʥ֮Ͼǰ裬ƶˡ
ľѩĴ󲮿ľɫӲ˫֪Է˿Щʲô
ľѩʤ׷棬ľôľѩĴͷûɵ£ľľѩ¼׼ң
һľѩַʤ׷棬ȻҲǹھϯλпܣӴˣľѩַ㽫ӣֻҪһܹףʱľ˲ı䣬ľѩĴԽͷԽңˣһҵĵλѿ
ܵģ㵮ĳɰδ֪ľѩ
㳡֮Ƶ˲ϢʹֽȻͬ뷨ǿַľѩ۴ʦŵüͷɳ࣬˹ʣ૵ƣ¹˭֣ء
˵գĿ⿴һԵʦǶ˵Ķע˭ʤ˭˿ҲǷǳ⣬ַ㾹Ȼһ֮ҪŤת棬ʹƵ
׷ɫΪÿȻܿ³һ촫͵³һѪҺǳѪɫĳȾøΪѪ죬ޱȣеɫӵͬһųѪƯǰ㡣
ʱ޳ִŽǹɿֲշѹɱǿͬзǳ΢𣬵ȴַ·޷͡
쾹һ֮ҪƳ۷Ļ̫ѵˣϧû󷨴ʦ˿޳ƵĽϿҪ۵ƣа˵ַϺ޳ӵĿ¡
˴ǳӿ˲󱲡Ͻ۵ľżʦ΢΢һЦˣȻѾвʧˣͬѾҪɹңƳˣܻжʮϣǺ޳졢硢˾Լ׷ˣӦöƳ۷Ļ׷ϣﵽļ֮⣬ľѩַһԺϣͬޣƵζгɾļĻᡣ
ȷʵˣЩӿֵȷȽ϶࣬ϧһЩ˲˲šһλʦЩϧ˵Ҳ޷飬ЩԸ⸶ֲĴۣЩʦԸǶȥҲ֮¡
Ȼ֪ǿ˭ĻȡɡϽʦЦŶ˵еһҲпصˡ
ǿСһǳϵľѾͷȻ򻹲ЩǺúһҲɿáǿַľѩĳ۴ʦЦȿڣ·Աߵһ˰㡣
һＱģǿ֮˵ȷ󲻵ȴֻǸû̫Ȥأҵǿ׼ҵ׷棬â¶Щ񣬵˭ûʱϲִԼǹߵλʦЦ£׷ΪȤ
أϽ۴ʦһˣЦʵ
һָűԵ֮صһλ꣬һֱܰ·ûйϵ㣬ֻǾĵԼĻ
СһҲע⵽ˣȷʵСûо޵֮ԼϣȴܹȵƶҲȥϽ۴ʦЦ˵ֺô˲űûǿĿٶ֮ޣֻҪ츳пܱע⵽
ʱַڿ̻ɣһΣȴȺֻ֮ܿϣһɫâַ֣֮ʲô
ַһν¯ϣ漴˴󴸣ݺݵûߣ·ִǹɾƽ׽͸ĸоаһܹʤ׷棿
׷棬ĻѾҪƳɹˣеĳѪƣ֮ƣĿֲĹУ׷ߴξѪϾǾȻɫԵЩΣľѩַƵĻлھϯλ
ҪɹˣֻҪ׷Ƴɹûܺھϯλ׼ҵļ嶼վĿⶢ׷ʣ󼸸ˣ׼ҵˣվ׼֤˴ھϯλĵ
ȺĿ׷׿ַ㣬ǳѪ֮ѾڷĲţѪҲڿͷ
ֻ׷˫ųѪ֮֮ȫѪɫĻ棬ĳ뵽֮С
Ȼ䣬׷Ŵηתݡ
ȥһŭȣѪ֮ƿգ֮УǳѪ֮ɫƾȻ͵ı뵽ڣ֮ϣſֲı֮
ɹˡ׼Ҽ³һƣշ·˳Ѫ֮ɫΨнɨһУ˴Ĺھϯλ׼Ī
ľѩ׷ĿתзâԲԶַľѩ
ôǿľѩַ۴ʦһ˿ľѩַѾĹؼʱ̣ܱӰ졣
׷ɫһĿ⳯Ǳȥ߼ʦеЩͷȴĮ߼ʦᳬԽġ
ǺǣôԱ߿׷ʦЦ֮վҪһ۵ġ
ߡһһʱ޳͸羹ȻͬʱˣԤϣûͻļƳ۷
ܺ׷濹ַֻľѩˡ˵ĿⶢľѩǱߣʱľѩȫǺˮԵúַܳػַӰΧ¯Աߣǻա
Ʋȣ׷ĳѪ֮Щ࣬ƳˣҲһ׷ƵĻáа˵ַľѩƵĳǹƣȽϡɫʹ˲ôãҪԽ׷棬һѶȣ


1640 
Ĵŵһλ˾ϵҲƳɹˣ֮пХֲ˸ܹնУٶȿܹǣվûܹƿļͣ۷ĲΡ
Ĵֻ׷ƳļĻ㵹˸оΪ⣬׷ľŻ֮ȷʵأȻԾѪԻѪʹļ
ĹھϯλƺѾˡȺ׷ϿյļаţַľѩƵĳǹƣ¼ļƷҲԳԽ׷ƵĽ
⣬޳졢Լ˾ˣǿǲ̫þϣƵĻ۷弶ĻһһԼһ˫
ϯλҪַľѩǶ͵Ļܲܳɾļˡаţ˿ʱѾȥ˽ʱľӰΪΪĸʱʱ㹻ľѩַ㳢ˣζܽȣֻҪһʧܣΣա
ЩҲʧܺƵģǶһĲ˷Ѱʱ䣬һ˳һֱףһأû־޳ǣһΣҲԽѾƶĻˮƽ
ϲ׼˿̣ɽǿѾʼ׼ҵļˣǿ׷棬Ѿ˴˴ε׼Һ׷棬ΪٰӮˡ
ǺǣʱԤ֮У׷⺢ûҵա׼ҵļЦ棬׷Ĺھϯλ׼ҵҫȻǳ˵ġ
û뵽˴ĹھȻ׷棬Ϊ⡣׷׼ʦ𵭵Ц£˵⣬ȴ·Ȼİ㣬ʲôԱߵﶼ
δ¾ϣδ̫Щַ˵
ҵҲڴܹ漣׷׼ʦЦ£Ŀ⿴ַľѩʱľѩַҲҪɶԻǹˣûϲôɵĶԼ͵ĻţƳɹĻܻᵮļҲܳɾʹ˴ĵڶϯλˣâҫۡ
ңһʼûԤϵַľѩܴﵽ־صģֻЩϧˣľѩַϣƺվҪ׷һЩ֪׼ҺľĶעָ㣬ѵĽľѩ޸׷棿
ƺЩأľѩַƳļĻľ÷ľѩ׼ңȻڻľѩʲôˡ
ѩɡַ˵ľѩ΢΢ͷ漴ǹ֮пֲѹ񷣬һɿµƸ֣·һжҪڣǹڿգ֮ת͸֮â
ɹˣļ̧ͷգ׷ƳĻͬ׳ǹԵúûе嫿ֲƣҲû֮ƣֻǲϵתš
˴ǰϯλѾΪ⣬Ȼжע׷ľѩ϶˵һ͵ڶϯλа˵Ϊ죬׼ҵ˺ľˣĽҲͬе⣬׼ҵ˶ԣʲôϵأ׷˵һϯλⲻѾ㹻ô
λԼַľѩ֮ȺʼעʱţƳɹƵĶϵƷʵĶûܹв޳ǵǰϯλѾעˣûв´ĻմӦûǣ׷ϡľѩַϡ޳졢硢˾ϣ
ˣֻȥʮϯλˡ
ȺѾڿʼڴ˴ĹˣȻнͷ߻ʵ޻ɵĻ棬׷õܹ֮֮һ̨ˡ
ȻΪڴģɻ׼֮ˣ׷棬ʱվ֮Уֶ緢֮ƣͷ߻ʵ޻𣬽֮ˡ
ѩ׼ü׼ôʱ׷Ŀ⿴ľѩЦ
ľѩĮɨһۣЦ㻹ֻ룿
Ǻǣ׼ҺľԼˣľԵĻԿ׷Ŀ⳯ľķȥеķâʢȻľѩڶϯλľһЩ뷨ȻҪľһЩѹˡ
Ȼڿ׷ķɫ֮ľĲͷΥԼ׷֮ľùģһĺĽɫ
ַĿ⳯׷ɨȥ׷ǵɫ΢΢üƺоЩЦĵ׷棬ʱΪ˴Ĳˣ
ţ׷Ŀתַ㣬΢΢漴Цûô˵ɡ
ȻûУôĽֻδôоѾõĹھһƺûλǰɣַƽ˵ʹɫ΢׷ȷѾԼĹھˣȴûие⣬Ϊһз·ͱ˰㣬ѵ
׷㶣漴ַ¶ЦݣѵΪƵĻƵƷҪã
ȻַĻӦʹ˵ɫһַš
׷¶ЦɫȻû뵽˿ַ㻹ģĵ㵹ͦĬġ
ĿԴɡַͬĻӦһţƺ׷һ˶ţܹõھϯλ
ľѩ˸ţԵַ㣬ʵҲ֪ƶĻкܲܳԽ׷ƵĻͷûףַ㣬ƺš
Ȼ䣬ľѩַȻһЦʤգһܹ쾪ϲϣһΣһɡ
һŵЩäĿֻǲ֪ŴӺζ׷׼ʦ˵ĶԻһЦ˵
ʱ仺Ĺȥڣĸʱˣв¶ڴϲ֮ɫ¶ʧ֮⣬ǰʮϯλƺûϣˡ
˵ĿⶼͶλ۴ʦҪ˴Ľ˰ɡ
ֻλ۴ʦͬʱǰһʱжЩˣǣȻҲģ˴εĲöϣöϣĳĻгʦöϣ飬Ͻʦ
λϹأӵʮϯλʼ˵˵ҵĿ˴ĵʮϯλΪλ飿һλʦָָһλɫ۵ʦʵ˶׷׵ͷͬʮϯλѡ
Ȼλû飬Ǳôˡ۴ʦõʮϯλʦЦϲô˴ʮϯλվǰ
лǰ΢΢ͷĿ΢˷֮һǰʮϯλˣѾǳˣ


1641 ھ
ʱȺвټ˶Ͼǰٶе꣬ǳǵĸС
мλʦֹ˵ھŵϯλѡλ۴ʦȻûж飬ֻڵߺ͵ϯλʱһλ۴ʦвֻͬһͬĻᱻأ飬Żύɳʦþ
ʮϯλѡûоʦֱӶʣµλѡ˭֪ˣֻǾ֪ôġ
˴ϯλѡ϶˾ϣλΪΣмλʦٶȿ˵ʱ˾ͷ΢΢£ȵ㵽Լɲһ£Խ棬Խߡ
û顣
Ҳͬ⡣
Ϊ˾ӦڵϯλƵٶȵ£һӵǿķһλʦ顣
Ҳͬ˾ӦڵλһλʦڵĿʱ˸λ۴ʦҲѾõˣͬ׷׼ʦ׷ĹϵһȻҲпΪ˾ϱȸʤһԣŻ顣
Ǻãɳʦϰɡм۴ʦĿ⳯ź濴ȥλ۵˵˵ͷ
һ֧ͬ˾ϻϯλмλ۴ʦ˵۴ʦѾ£һϿ˾λеϯλ
мλ۴ʦͷλ۴ʦһԲвͬģȻһ˳ֲͬȨҪϽ۵ľżʦˣعˣҲΪȷľԹƽϾЩʦЩҲ˽ĵģ޷Թ
ȻҲȫֱӽϽ۴ʦϾһ˵Ļиƫõģϲϣһ˾ʮ˵ԵЩϣҪ۴ʦͳ۴ʦϣ޷ɹʶżϽ۴ʦϡ
˾Ϊʧ䣬Ȼֻõ˵ϯλ
ϯλѡ磬λû飿м۴ʦٴοڣһ۴ʦǶͬ⣬Ͼ޳ƳĽΪһƵģڸǰ棬ȻȻҲǰȻ֡
һϯλǺ޳죬ȻȻ˳ͨȻ޳ѣ׷ľѩ˵϶ƳļĻһ޳Ȼǲܺǰϯλġ
ǰϯλˡɫ¶âǵԤ룬Ӧַڶ׷һǣղַĻȴԵʮ㣬ʹЩڴܹЩĻȤЩ
ڶϯλľѩַɡ׼ҵһȫվĿֱмλʦһ仰㽫׼׷棬ô˴ھϯλ
ľȺҲ̲סվʱеЩڴڶϯλ׷ĻǻΣ
ǶƵĶļ׷ƵƸ˵ӦƷԸߣľѩǶƵĻԵúΪ󷨵Եʣ޷ȫף˶չʾһҵϡ
мλʦڵ
װɣ׷ƵĻƷʸãȻǹھϯλͬղ˵˵ԼĿȻǹͬϲǺܺ𣬻Ҫչʾ׷׼ʦ˵ʵĵҲЩַղſ̵󷨣Ҳ޷ȷʲô󷨡
ҲΪλƵĻλϡм۴ʦٶȵο
Ϊ˹ƽҲΪչʾΪáַľѩʦ˵
漴мͬ⣬м۴ʦʽ׷棬չʾ¡
׷΢΢ͷ漴̺֮ǿʢķϵ뵽ĵĳѪ֮С
ն׷ֳʱһѪâᴩأն޾գһɿµĳѪ֮â·ҪûһУͬһŭĻ㣬ֲĻڿգòϢһѪ֮â
ľѩǶˣ˭չʾǹ۴ʦֿľѩַ
ɡַ˵漴ƽճǹ߳Ŀ⿴񷣬ͺһȥ
ˣǹƿգȻȺʧ
ǣ˲Ϣ֮䣬һֻ֮ǹ˸߿֮ϣ·Խնȥ
ÿգɫһⳤǹȻܿ˵ߣֱӳڸ߿֮ϣÿ£ɱ˲Уֻ̫Σˡ
ǹعַУַֻĿ⿴ʦƵĳǹǹٶȡǻ֮ԽǱǿλǰлоϡ
ţַĻɫ΢һֱΪ͵˿Ҳʼ¶ôȻ˵ƵĻǹȫλԽ׷ƵĽ
ЦĻδ̫Բѡ׷ŭһ
Ʊ˭ƵĻƷʸˣ˴ĵһϯλӦ׷ϡ׷׼ʦ𵭵ڵ
ôΪľѩǶ˲Ӧöô˴ھϯλŶԡĶ۴ʦ
οмλʦĿ⿴ˣƵĻĻһΪһΪǹ׷ƽʱƸǿԵͣͬһ㣬ַĻȻƲǿҲͬ¡
ΪӦ׷档
Ϊľѩǡ
λ۴ʦֱ𷢱ԼĿ֧׷ϡַ֧ľѩʣмλʻ۴ʦûб̬
ҪλϾˡм۴ʦλ۴ʦĵ
ǵҲһϽϲöϴ˴ھɡмǳ۴ʦ˵ʹ˵ͫһ۾ȻҲֻˣ˴Ĺھϯλĺܣ
׼֮ɫôÿǿѾھϯλΪ֮ģڣȴ
ľҲܽţ׷ϣľѩˣ
ľӰ˫ֶţϽ۴ʦԵúܽţһ̣˵ĿȫһϣǾżʦĻ˴Ĺھϯλ
Ͻʦ建ڿգַ׷ǣ漴¶һĨЦݣ϶ǳ㣬ھϯλϾֻһˣ˴ξȨϣȴܴһУǻõڶϯλˣҲ١
ڣ׷ϡô˴ڶϯλϽʦ˵ʱ˵ͫ׶£׷ڶôھϯλ˭ԣľѩԼַ㡣
ϲǡǾżʦַľѩ΢΢һЦǻ˹ھϯλһ̣ľѩʢöһʱַϣǣӮˣ
ھϯλ
׷Ŀⲻͣ˸ԵЩ촽΢΢ţ漴³һ
׷棬


1642 
Ͻ۵ľżʦ׷õڶϯλַľѩùھϯλһɲǣľͷȻ䶼ݺݵĲ£еĸоǳӣ
֮ǰ׼ڴ˴֮󣬱㽫ľѩ׼ҵģ˶Ϊ˴ľѩذܣǣΪַĳ֣ľѩַϣ˴˴ĹھϯλľӵܣʱӦøеޱҫģǴ˿ʵĸȴǹֵֹģǼҪˣ˹ھǶôЦ
жùھϯλ壬ǱѰȻǶھַģϾַľѩһϣõһУ˹ͬġ
ľӰɫӣĿַ㷽һۣһ뷨ַƳʲôƷʵĻ
Ȼ͵Ⱥûüе뷨֮ʱ׷治ѾƮ֮أʹ˵ĿٶȻ۵ϡ
׷ȻղţΪھϯλѾˣѾ˵˴󻰣ĹڶΪģգϽʦȴھϯλַ㣬׷ѿ
ʦ׼ˣҲЩġʱ׼ҼվǣǾżʦ΢΢ǷʾǸ⣬ȻɾżʦĲöϣɲһС£̫֣˵ɹġ
ǾżʦĿ⿴׼֮Լ׷һۣɫȻĵǲѵҪǻʤ𣿡
ʦҵȲҡ׼ҵļԷĻʱͷ΢΢˲Ȼ˼ǴӶԷĿ˵ȴȫͬǾżʦΪַʤǲѲɾҪʦǻʤ
㲻ңңôŷϽʦĮ˵
ǰ׷ֻиƽᣬֳƵĻƵĻײһǿǰȻܹ׷΢΢ͷ˵вҲ̫ΣϾĹأ˿̣أһλżʦĲöϣŭ˶ԷԾûаôġ
ЦʹûǿѵΪһλλֳһĻɱֳ־żλʣʦ䵭˵ֻѣ˵һļĻѾвλǿߣֻǻۣսλǿѵվɱһ֮ˣžżĻҲûãһշѹɱʵȶԷһЩĻпܷѹƶԷ
׷˵ַԼĻײΪַʵԵȣϽʦΪײ߱ο塣
ǰҲԡʱַϽ۵ʦ˵ʱʹǾżʦ̧ͷַ㣬˼Ƭ̣漴Ŀٶȿ׷棬Ȼ˶ͬˣұһλᡣ
лǰ׷¶˷ܵɫ漴Ȼתַ㣬Ŀñ䣬û뵽˾ȻսЦ
֣淨ϯ뵽еĳѪ֮УʱһɿֲĳѪâգδţѾѪâ
ֳַǹǹϸĴַ֮Уȴһޱȿµ
˶ῴھң׷档
׷ϻͬŭХ嶯ˣֳַȥգʱ׼ն
ַû˵κεĻʱκεﶼǲ԰ģΨʵ֤һС
ַ֮嶯һɲǣͬһƮ쵽嶼һӰӣеĳǹת
ն׷ŭһնͬʱַǹ˳ȥǿµĳѪ˺ѿŰɢȥΪ׳ַۣƶȻˣǹͻأʧ
͡շ·˺ѿ׷ֻоһɿֲµ֮ԼʹԴ·Ҫ嶼˺ƿ
ȥ׷͵Ļ֣ն˳ȥ漴һײ֮֮ѹ·һɿֲ籩Ѫ֮ââ˺ѵѪݺݵ𵴻ȥ׷ȥץȴоһɿµƶ޷ѳסţݺݵײţʹƺһһѪ˼ǧ֮ң
׷ȴƸܲϵʹʱɫ԰ףͣԵЩʧǣûѪɫ
ˣĽԷĳǹˣѾ֤һУǾżʦĲöϣûκε⡣
ȺĿⶼеӰ׷棬Ȼܵôףƿ˷ڻײУƵĽˡ
һײ棬ַľѩô˴ھϯλʵ顣
Ľۻûг֮ǰԳƵõ˹ھϯλ׷棬ĬֲַеɫǹЦ³һʹ׷ɫҪѿжѿⲻ֮ǰַ˵Ļôֱַ׵׵ĻʽԻػĻػȣûɣΪַʤߣʱܿܵ磡
ǿַľѩϵʦ¶Ц⣬ζעѹˣĿ⿴ߵ۴ʦֻЦòҲ֮ǰҪϷҵ֮ɣĬڣø˰ɣ
Է΢΢鴤ȴоͷµĻţ˿̶ԷеĬ֣Ƕô̸߱а
ǰ׷Ƴɲǣ׷Լ׼ҵˣѾڶ׷ھϯλˣַƳ֮ˣڽȴȻ෴ָоʵ̫ˣǶоϻģ·˿ǵĿⶼ͸ŷ֮⡣
ҲöңҪսôڣǾżʦ׷ʵԴһ˿⣬׷ûκζ⣬෴׷ܹõڶϯλҲΪͣǸӣ׷׼ҵˣȻ˵ĲþǶôӣȻˣҲûҪ˼׷ˣ׷һСΪżʦѵҪ׷桢Ӳɣ
ÿ˶ҪΪԼΪ۵ģ׷ѡôڣøɵĴˡ
׷΢΢£־֮£˵˿ƺˣղҲǵ˵һλżĴʦ˵ڣ˵һˣ
ͷ۰ǿ׷ĳ۴ʦ̫ѨΪƣһûǣڲʵʱֳʱȷʵҪ۵ģ˵񣬱ĥɾģ


1643 
׷΢Ĳţˣǰ緢߰ĸַľѩУھ֮ϯλĪ˿̣ȴܵôס
׼ҵҲо΢Щǰܸ޳ǻùЩȴܸľľѩϣңղѾ˵˴󻰣϶׷ùھϯλ˿̣ʵȴһĶ⡣
ˣ
ڣ׷泤³˵Լַܸľѩʱ΢΢ţٶ֮ʱȴһĿ֮âɨַһۣѹһҪľѩȻˣһܣľѩĵһϯλ
㻹𣿡ľѩ׷ĿɫĮ˵׷棬˴ΪˣԺҲŮ⼸֡
ľѩӲҵĵġ׷Į˵ֱ
֮ǰδΪõھϯλǰ˻̬ȣ׷棬ǲ֪߳ܡľѩ׷֮Աǣ˵
ߡ׷һ漴Ͻ۵ľżʦ΢΢ĵ׷ղŵǰ֮ǰĪҪֻһʱ嶯
ˣǾżʦ˻֣ȻЩãҲһֱһλĿ⿴ˣ˴ĽѾ㰴յǰľ䷢ɣǶվ
ַľѩ΢ȺŶ׷ԼĴվַԼľѩߡ
˴ھϯλߣŻ档Ǿżʦ֣һʱһɿֲ֮Ⱥͷо߻ϣ֮Уſֲı֮
ͷ߻ʵ޻Ƿǳı壬ҪǵҪһλλ۷ǿ߻λǿ߻ػ⵽޻ɡżʦַľѩ˵Ⱥ׷׵ͷ޻ĿΪȣʦˣλʾͷ߻ʵ޻䱩̶ȿ
ֻǾżʦָһʱ޻·һϽ֮ɫĿռ֮Уռգżʦַľѩ΢ЦǶˣ⽱ҽ˭

ɣ
ַľѩ˼ͬʱڣɵö£漴һЦһǻ˿һﾹȻ໥ҪԷ
˴㣬ӦáľѩַȻһЦһ治֪ʲô˼úõô޻𶼲ҪľѩЩͿַΪλһС
ַʼ磬ЦⶫϱϸãԺ׶ˡ
Ҳó棬ܹʵľѩҡͷ
㻹֪ɣҵʵҲءַüЦ˵ʹľѩһۡ
ˣһǵһμּһ׸˭żʦЦ˵ľѩҪ˵ȴַپܾĻұˡ
ľѩԹӵһۣ漴˵ͷӹʦݹľͷ߻ʵ޻
߼Ƕˣ˭áϽʦֿ׷˵
ҡ׷˵漴׽ӹ֮Ͻʦ˴ŵĽһһ䷢˴˴ǰʮϯλĻߡ
ţżʦȡһЩı־ƣŵǺ嫻֮ݸ˵ֳֻҪУһ飬ǿ߸Ӧ˭ҪԸǣֱԻǿ߸ϵ
ÿ˽ӹһöƣöƣܹеİȫκҪǵ⣬Ҫúÿ
ˣ֮ǰԼǰϯλ֮ˣǿѡλʦеһˣָһʱ䡣ϽʦЦ£漴λ۴ʦһֱ㿴ַľѩ˵ĳʦ΢΢ͷѾʾ⡣
ַ㣬ѡλǰɡľѩôῴǳʦʾ⣬΢΢Ƿ
ҲָǡǳʦЦ˵׷棬Ҳѡ˿λʦں޳죬ԵѡһˣΪĵӣʵѡû̫塣
ˡϽʦλ۴ʦ΢΢һЦ֮ǰҲʦһЩ˵ĻǿֱӳΪʦͽġ
ԶȺʦæµţ΢΢վЩѡˣǲźó£˭ô˴ʦΪٰء
׷档ʱ׷׼ʦߵ׷ߣһεʧܴܲʲôɾͣһǳԻ͵ġ
׷ݺݵĵ˵ͷ漴۴ʦ΢΢׷棬ʦ𡣡
úãԺҽ̵гʦ㲦ʵػɳǳġ۴ʦЦ˵ԵΪˣ׷ַܸľѩϣѾ÷ǳˡ
֮ƺøһˣʱֿǶһءַľѩ۴ʦߵߣЦ
ģȻӦˣԻ㡣׷ʦ˵
ǺãҵšЦ£漴ַľѩЦ֪ǿɷԸҵӡ
ѩַĿ⿴ľѩֻľѩ΢΢һЦôĺûǰô᲻úϧ
ַ㿴ľѩЦ˼۴ʦǰʦ𣬲ţҲ̫ͣãѩǷǳԸǰΪʦģǰԸĻ
ѹ֣ʦΪǿʦɡ۴ʦ˵ͷַʦַ֣㲻µΪϧľѩѾͷҲֵúú
ͬĻԸ̵㡣۴ʦľѩЦ
Ӽʦ𡣡ľѩһϲ۴ʦ΢΢ǷȻʦ£ҲһԱұ۴ʦΪӣԺľ޷κε飬ˣҲľ޹ء
һеת֮죬еҫǼһġ
֣ľѩ΢΢ַƣַסַ㿴Ц£һжȥˡ
ȥˡľѩصĵ˵ͷʦҲ׷ѡԼˣʦܹܾʦ룬ЩԱߵȺֻĽĿЩܵʦ
ѩ㶼Ϊ۴ʦĵˣңܵõʦָ㡣ľӰ³ľѩӰԺѩĲ࣬ԽԽɡ
ľˣɫľʣ֪˿̸Ժֵ̬ȥľѩ


1644 
Сһ㲻Ǽ𣿡ʱλϽ۵ľżʦַ΢Ц˵֮Ծַùھϯλ̶ܴΪַ󷨣Ȼַܹϵܿ£ܹһ߼ʦĻƸӿµĻ
ң⻹ֻڶѣδַǿ֮ǳ
ˣǰַ΢ЦŻӦ
ûϵȻ㲻ɿɳУҴ֮λκι㣬ӦòܾɡϽ۴ʦװַ˵Էɫַü¶һĨЦ⣬ôþܾҪ
ܱ֮ɫ΢Ͻ۴ʦȻַλںַϵһλ㲻ҲԺύܲлġ
׷ɫΪÿ˴ҫ۵ﱾӦģַ㽫ķͷȫߣȻóϽ۴ʦַĿԶʤ
ǰʢԲҾܡַЦ˵Ӧ˳ΪĿ䡣
ӦĿˣڻ֪ء
ַ㡣ַЦ˵
ַ㣬ʲôҪĻҡϽʦַͷ漴ˣľѩַ㣬ЦŵĿˡ
ѡ˺ڶҲ׷׽٣ַľѩߵ࣬׷׶ַľѩ׳֦
ַ㣬ôľѩߵ˷׷룬ַѯʵ·ַΪĹǡ
ЩǰʢֻҪǲģԴӦַľѩЦ£漴ǰˣλǰأַ㲻̫ͣã˲λǰĺ⣬ѩֻҪԸ⣬Ժеʱ䲻𡣡
ãȻַ˵ףпգлҷ֮͡һλЦ˵
Ҳ׷׿ڣַǵͷлᣬһݷá
ˣЩԲ׷ɢȥ
ѩʱһַľѩת漴Ǳ㿴ľ˳̤˵ˣȻľļ
ѩô˴ĹھϯλľоޱҫԺľؽ㾡еԴ㡣ľļѩ˵ľѩݲһˣˡʦӡʦͽиԼַԼӣľѩδ԰ľľǣϹϵ
ΪľļȻ֪ôŶԼ
ҫǲϣҰܸ׷𣬴˴ĹھһΪʧľѩԴ̵˵Щ֮ǰһֱŴ˴֮󣬱㽫׼أٶȣҲ湻ġ
ѩҪľѴʱľѩĶүү߳˵
үүľѩ˺֮ǰҲүүȽϺˣϣܹľѴȻľ̬ȵת䣬˵˶ѣֻ֮ǰľѡͻ
ַ㣬æȰȰѩɡľѩĶүүĿ⿴ַ㣬֪ľѩѾͷЩִ֣ƺַĻַ㿪ڣӦû⡣
ַľѩүү˵Ϊ⣬漴ҲͻϼһȻĺܰΪԹ֮ˣȻЩľѩľַĻľѩûκεĺôֻǳһʱ֮ңվľ˰
ʱַ뵽ľף֪ĿΡ
ѩҪңȥѡ񡣡ַľѩ΢Цľѩɫ£漴΢΢ͷ׸ô
ĿתĴϣҸȳľҪľľңľȥҸ׽ӻظС
ľѩĻʹ󲮵ɫɫǳÿľȳľȻһֱվǰ棬Ҳľ˼ûȨľľУڣľѩҪһ˵򣬶ɳΪ˲ߡ
ѩϾ󲮡ľļڵ
ں̸ϵ˭ҵĻˣ޷ȫľѩֻúҸһˡľѩ˿ԵñȽǿƣЩֻҪһǸ䳰ȷҪľ󲮱㲻¡
ľļ£漴ͷһݣãҴӦ㡣
ľѩ˻ͷݺݵĲ£ɫ䡣
غҼˣӴ֮㲻ľ֮ˡľȻ˵ľѩԵַ΢вЩλ߿湻ģľߣľѩ󲮹ľûƬ̵ԥ
лȫľѩЦ˵
ĴɫиоߣɨľѩԼľȺһۣЩûж࿴һۡ
ͻľʰһУľҡľ꣬ߡľѩ󲮴һŮ뿪ߡ
ʱλʦվյУλʦ׳֦ҲֵÿһĻÿ龰ͨЩӣܱ߼еŶϹϵҪʱǻҵͬʱЩ֮Ϊ˲ͬӪǱҲһоŻн
ʮһʦֻɳУһЩӱΪϽ۵ʦ΢ЦŵֻǿϧˣַǼһƺûʲôȤѵΪ˰ľѩŲμӴ˴
ƺû̫Ȥ涼Ҫҵǿ׷Լ޳ǣԺ󶨻Ϊ֮ǡ׷ʦվʹϽʦɫ΢٣Ǻϲ׷ˡ
Ŀ⳯űΧм׷棬ΪַԲľܾʹ׷һγΪ˽£һ˵̸
ʱ׷΢΢תַǱߣЦ˴ھϯλַΪʣֻǣ֪ھϯλ֮˱ʵΡ
Χ׷Ļʱͷ΢һ￴ء
ַ㡢ľѩǶڴ˴ʤңдһʵΣһˣսˣ׷Ŀ֮˵ʹƬ嫹㳡ȺְĿ׷׶߿˹
ľѩüͷ΢΢£׷񣬲Ѿƿ˷֮ټϿػԼ޻ʵܿ£ַԶԸ
ַ΢΢һâ˻ģôһ̰ɣ


1645 Ҫ׷
׷ַս֮¶һĨȤɫȻ׷Ĺھϯλַߣǳʣڣһַʽշѹַ㣬ȺĿⲻĿַ㣬ַľѩΪҲ׷һؾ磬ǲӦսĻԵЩˣȻӦս˳׷⡣
ϾؾˣʵҲܴġ
ַתͷ׷¶һĨõЦ⣬΢΢ճһĨȣЦһ㲻ôϲд裬սս˲𡣡
ţַĻʹոӰ漴˶¶ȤɫԽԽ˼ˣַֹӦս˵д衢ֻս˲⻰˼ҪŪ׷ô
˴ǰʮϯλܵģǣ໥Լսһǵ棬Ҳ˵ʲôɡ
ȻҲҪˣʵ̫ԼˡַЦŲ˾䣬ʹ׷΢΢ַӦ̫ˬˣűЩǴʱַ̺ķζ·Զ㡣
Ȩַϡ˿ǰһĻа˵ղ׷ַսռλãϷŰĿַ㣬ʱ˷·˹㣬Ҳд裬սӦս
㲻ҵĻԺ㲻Ҫǰ໽ˣ˿Цַ׷ĬһοڣƺҪŭ׷棬׷ս룬ôܲöԷء
ľѩַ㣬һǰַַֻ֪ʵΣĲַ̫֪ԴذΪóѾƿ˼ް֮֮⣬ַ㻹ֳͻ
ľӰҲеַ㣬֪࣬ǹɲʹַԽԽ棬˿ֲʵΣ
׷սַ㣬ַܵ༤Ųһ̤彵֮ϣңַ㣬ŭһ
ַ㿴׷Ķһɱ⣬֮ǰ׷˴ɱΪ˴ڶϯλ֮ˣľѩһУԺ󶨻вľѩģȻӵôõĻᣬһˡ
Ŀתַ㿴Ͻ۵ľżʦǰҺ׷սսַ㼼ˣûжṩ
ǾżʦַĻ΢΢ͷŵᱣǰʮϯλ֮ˣַ׷滥Լսˣַô˵ȥ˿ࡣ
׷棬𣿡Ͻ۵ʦ̧ͷ׷ʵ
սͬ޹أԼսʵ׷վ֮˵ʹ׼֮üͷ΢΢ţ׷ʵǿ󣬵ǴʱлЩģַ̫ˣŵ˵սһս·ضҪսһ˰㡣
ãȻǶ˶ִˣұ㲻˵ˡϽʦ˵׼ַ׷˼֮ս
λʦԼλʦĿˣó嶯ļһȻǡ
׷濴ŽǰӰʱһűŰĻţϢֲͬʱͷųµɱַʵΣһɱַ㡣
ۣ׷³һھѪĻ֮ϣʱ͵Ĵնӵͨ졣
𣡡׷ı󴫳һ˻֮֮ƮΪģջһƬ𺣡
𣡡׷͵һеŻܵĻΪһ壬һɿµĻ淨ȼ׷˵ԡڻ֮Уһʱ˫Ƽٴͬһ㡣
ǿɫһ׼Ҳļ壬׷ǻ桢֮ǻ棬ͬʱƿ޻𣬴˿̻ںһ𣬱øӵĿ¡
û뵽Ѿ־أҵĵǶˣսնַ㡣׼ҼǰһĻаķ¶һЦ⡣
ľѩŨŨĵ֮ɫ׷ʵȻҲܿ£ǵ۹Ļвˣս׷лһɱַģܲġ
ַ㱾ԵΪȻЩĿ׷һֻۣȷء
Ҫҳȫ㡣׷Ųһ̤ĽŲУһŻǷȼţΪѤ
ɱ׷һȣЯ淨ȭâƿգ͵˻ųַû
ַûӲ׷ʹںʵĻǿвȻַٶȼ죬һзûգַӰȻˡ
ÿ졣Ⱥɫһ׷Ҫɱַ㲻ôף͸ղֳַٶȣ׷Ҫܶ࣬һó֮
׷Ҳһ㣬Ӱ˸Я׷泯ַ˹ȥһɼ֮ͬ𺣰ûأַ㣬׷ȴǰһ֮Ӱַٴʧ
䣡׷Ļֱۺݺݵĳַʧķ˦˳ȥӰ֣֮УŻ׷ַ㣬ȴ޷ַֺ
ת֮䣬Ƭȫǻ𺣣׷ͣĿעǰַӰŭνս
׷ı£ҲһɱĻ׼ҾԻ֣ʱһȥ㲻ôˡַ㿴׷а⣬漴ڣûκεĸ飬ͬһħ㡣
һ֣Ͳܸ׷ǰĻᡣ
ȵӭ׷Яֲַ֮˹ַһֱܲˬһʵȴ޴ӡ
ţڴʱ׷ͷųһĨĿ֮âΪַĽŲ̤ˣһΣַûܡ
ˣ׷а𣡡
£һſֲĻ濪ʼ֮ſµĻһͨλǿ߱УҲҪȥַǱУɡ
ͣ£ַ³һǧ֮ƣȻ併׷ϣʹ׷һֻоһ֮ѹĶüĳٻ·˾֮С
ǧ֮ƣ쵰Ȼƿǧ֮ƶ̲׷ɫǣͷ΢΢£̧ͷַ֮ʱ漴һ˫䵽µħͫס
ַ³ħ̺ħ֮־Լ͸׷濴˫ʹ׷ɫ˲⣬ң涸Ȼ·𶼱ࡣ
ַһʱһʥۣ漴ֻЮ֮Ƴǰ
һŭȣһɿֲĴ޹ⲨЯƳ׷ɱȥһԽ׷ˡ
á׼֮˿һĻɫ䣬ַ㾹Ȼƿǧ֮˿̲ó
׷档׼Ҽһ·Ҫ׷澪ͬʱĽŲ̤磬׼ҵǿ嶼ôʱȱס׷˵
˵ԼսľѩʦĮһЦŲ̤˳ȥҪ赲׼Ҽ
ʡ׷ʦɫһϼһﾹȻҪַɱ׷棬ȥֹ׼Ҽ֡
ߡľһһӰͬʱ̤Ҫȥס׼ҵˣľѩùھϯλʵľѾ׼ҶˣľҪǿ֮һˡ
׼Ҽһʹ׷ЩֲĴѹⲨշѹɱɫ䣬Ļ滯һ޴Ļ赲ǰ¡һᣬ汻˺һֲĿӣŰ汬ѣǿֲշѹʹ׷оʹ
̧ͷ漴ַϿգ˫µħ֮ٶȴ͸ͫס
׷ţֿħ֮־֡
˭ҲȲ㡣ַ³Ļз·Ҳ֮УҪ׷־ʹ׷ֱ֮У漴Ͽһһеշѹ£µı˺Ļ
ԶȺһĻͷݺݵĲţ⿴͵ս֮ʱ˷ֱҪ׷أ׷Ļ·һҪɱ


1646 Ļ
ղϵըѣ׼֮˺ľȺײһ𣬿µ·ҪƬն˺
ҡ׼Ҽеɨ׷棬ַֻǿշѹ£ɫ䣬ŭһ·նһֲĻַ𵴹ȥ
Ȼʱַֻ׷棬һҪ׷
ɱ׷ݺݵҧԼ촽ѪԼѣȻһֲ֮ϱƽƵһЩʱȫҵļ˳ľַ㣬Բ
ûˣַһ亮â˫սԼǲܽģ׷ͷܻ˼ʲôأȻҪһеĵȫʹóָеĻ
ַֻӶֻһ˳ֲı֮ȫѹ£ͻײ֮ʱѿһɼ֮ɨա
׷淢һҽ֮ǹɿµļ֮֮УַҲˣǱǹɱ֮Ҿ̫
ʱ׷ɫҰףܴȻַûзŹ˼磬ֲǧ֮ѹϣ׷ͫ죬޾·ͫ׵ȼ㣬侲һ侲Ķա
ǧƣƿ˾Űٱ֮ǰԵֿʱ䣬ָо׷ͫеĻӵȫ¡һը죬϶ȼ˿µĻ棬Ӱ磬һ׷澹ȻǧƵѹȣ嶯˲Ϣǧ֮ء
յУƲ㷭·һɿֲ
ţַ΢΢һ̧ͣͷһֻۣһɳɫĻ֮â֣·Ҫ㡣
򣡡׼֮˺ľ֮˵սȻͣͬʱ̧ͷ񷣬ǷŵĳɫâǷ
ҪͻˣȺ΢΢˲ַ׷棬˶ÿ£ȺΪ׷漫âȻս֮ʱַȴԾԵһֱշѹ׷棬ʹξΣ
׷棬ʱ̣֮콵Ҫ֤ɻʣʽס
ȻʱʱǱһ̣׷棬ûһս»ҪòܳɻʣȴҪͻˡаЩʦﶼĿ¶֮ɫ׷治ǵ˵ᣬҪ̤ʾˣҲǸղַܵƣûôͻƣַȫ
ķ֮ᴩ£ֱӴ͸׷׷ϣǹɿֲĻ淨֮·ǿ˼֣ΪģΧȫ棬ܹһжյ
׷΢΢ϻ΢΢ͷŷϴޱȵˣ
ã׼ĵӡ׼ҵļȫ˷ܵɫû뵽ת˵Ѹͣڸղһ׷滹Σһ̣õ֮·ҪһͻƵ㣬׷棬̤֮
׼һӦúúлл㡣׼ҵļĿַϣַв׷Եٻλӽ׷治ʵϳưһʵҲͬ
ллδһУҪ˽ġ׼Ҽ˵Ȼַָ׷ս
սѾһΪֹɡľѩʦ𵭵˵һ
ʹΪֹ˫Լս˵꣬սҪֳʤ׷ʦ˵໥š
ߣղַռ֮ʱǾȻҪУ˵սڿ׷ɻʣ˵ҪսֳʤЦľѩʦһ
ҳҵҵȹȴ׷˵սûйϵȻսδȻҪ׷ʦĿ⿴׷棬֮Ĺ׷嵱УԽԽǿĵ׷ʱͻƳɻʣԼأղŵǷ֮һɨա
ԣսδôܾʹΪֹ׼ҵȺҲһЦ·һսǵַǲŸģȻվǵĽǶȣҲ޿ɺǣܿܣ׷ɻʣǵȻϣ׷Ծշѹɱַ㡣
ַΣˡȺа˵淨һֿ񱩵ķڳɻ֮ʱ壬׷Χķǿʢµľأʱַ㲻ܶ׷棬׷ɳɻʵϴ֮󣬿¾ַˡ
֮£ϡ
Ŀͬʱַϣַֻվ֮УƽĿ׷ɻʣҲΪ죬Ȼѹȵ׷̤λɻ֮ʱط֮壬ΰַҪַڡ
ʱգӸղŵĿֻΪžǹɿ񱩵ײನĹƽ˶һĬֻǿмϵӰ
ڣ׷΢΢ſ·һֲĻ֮У˫̺Ļ棬ַҪͫ׶ԸѲˡ
ַ㣬û뵽ɣ׷л³һдһĨϷŰЦݣɻˣƿĸоˬ
ڹģԷΪҿˡһ׷˫֮з·Ҫַ۾ĿгŸ֮߰⣬ղűѹȵЩΣ·Ѿѳɻʡ
ɻʣôҲûʲôַ۾΢΢ɨ׷һۣʣûսҹʼд˲ǧΣȻҪôҪôӣǣѳɻʵʣ
ַ㡣ľѩ͸ŨŨĵ֮ɫСֽţ·˿վַǰ׷Ѿյ׷ˣǣһλǿߣ
һ֪ЩľӰеַ㣬ѵ֪ʺͷǻʵĲ𣬼ǿսɲʱ䣬ղų׷ɻʾӦÿǡ
ˣ׷Ųһ̤ʱһɻ泯Ӷʹȼ˳ɫ֮
׷棬ɱɡ׼ҵļ³һ漴׷ĽŲַ̤˳ȥ΢΢𣬶ʱ֮У·޾ͬ񱩵쫷а㣬۵֮УֲĻ淨ȭͷ֮ϣʹȭâޱߡ
ķ֮׷˿漴ĽŲַ̤˳ȥȭеĻնȼһ泤ŭ
ַҲֻ͵ĳŲɲǼ䣬ַƷ·˼ʮ֮֮࣬Уһħ֮Ⲩ۳һֲħƣ͸ǿ֮
ɡ׷շѹɱʱ·Ҫַûǹɻǰ·ַԵúС㡣
ַ㡣ľѩַ㱻Ļûһһô㿪ôԲ㿪
Ļɱһ³ֻеַƳǰЯ𵴶չĻһǰ𵴵պƶŤڵĻҹϮĻȭâײһһ̣ǻײĻĻ𵴡ײ


1647 ն
ĻͻĻһʹճһĨ׳澰Ļ޷ַĻ˿
ʲôȺе׳ͷݺݵĲţ̫ˣַЯ֮ƣײ̤ʾ׷棬ңĻ˿·硣
׷̤֮֮壬ɵط֮ǰķǿԣַҲƿǧ֮ƣĹȻܹǿ󵽿ʷ򹥻ĵز̫ˡ
ЩʦǶǿߣ˵ײȻеĹؼַĹǿܹʵķ򹥻ζͨص˹ǿʢٱ࣬׾Ϳһλͬ׵۷֮ˡ
ܹʵˣ䣬Ѿһˡ
һľѩգһԣַЦԣҵʵҲأǲһЦԶѣַʵĵһ𾪡
׷ںַײһɲɫ£¶һĨ˼ɫַֻڵͫ׷·͸ĻĻ֮𵴣ʱһ֮ϯأĻ޼᲻ݵ¡һ죬淨۶ɵɫĻͬʱĻҲ·Ҫɢпֲನ׷շѹ˹ȥĻ·ѹ׷ķĻ
ɱַ˫ȭɱ¾ħȭ·Ҫգ׷棬ʱ׷ɫ԰ףХһǰ֮𣬷޴ڣȻȴ˲Ϣַħȭ͸
ѣַͬһ͸˻桢˹Ļ׷źȥ
ʱ׷ûȥ赲ɱһڵٻλ֮ʱζû뵽֮졣
һ⣬ţ׷ܹܵԼŤܹĸоһ£ɣ·ǣٱܿһơ
һƣдѣղһƣΪĻ
ݵһ˲䣬׷ԺӿͷһĻĻ·ӳ㣬׼ҵţո¶ͷǿʼõ׼ҵӣص㹻ԴٵĳɳҲϵֱμӴ˴ΪܹùھϯλȴַˣıַЩʱȴʾ磬һõ־ãУһ̣Ժ
һ˲Ĺӵãͬɲǵʱ䣬Ҳܽٴδ
׷淢һ˻Ǿɱ֮ѣȻҪ١
׼ҵȺҲסˣôΪʲôֽ֣Ӧ׷ɻʣǿĨɱַ㣬ŶӦ׼ҵʱ׷ҫΪΣȴֽ֡
Ǵѽ٣׼ҵļӳ죬Ļ·ҪƬնΪޡ
ô׼ҵļź漴ڽ׷֮ϣһ˺һе˲㱬ѿ׼ҵ˼ԮѾü׷Դըѣ漴ӣҲֲһ˺ѵޣյʧˣһλµʣôǿĨɱˡ
ˣ
׷棬׵ʧڿգ֮Уֻʣһ˰ǣַ㣡
ղţնһλʣȺеӰ˿ֻоЩʵȺ֮дĺ׼ҵһʱ׷ٻλľ鱾׷ǿնɱַ㣬Ľǣ׷̤ʣȻַǿƸˣ־ϣֻǿ˿˵Ķ˵ţǵһο֮ǿնʡ
꣡Ͻ۵ľżʦ˫ֽգ죬Ȼնζʲô׷ֻǸոճɻʲã粻ȣϾһλǿߣﵽʵɱ䣬ַնζַղǵ̺ŵںֲ¡
ĻӦøоħ硢ռ䡢أĽڣѣΪһܵħռ䡢׵磡΢΢ϣϽʦ·ڻղǶǵɲǣܹôĽһսʤʵķ̺ĲΪλʵĲѣζַ㽫пԶϵ̤֮֮зںϣ
Ļַɻ֮ĴݻƻǺŵģ¾ͬ˿Ϊǿһͬͨʣ»ᱻ׵շѹɱ˿ô鷳
Եļλʦɫ죬ǳľʣľѩʦ׷̤ʣΪƽı䣬Ȼַ㣬ɱ
׷ʦɫȤˣ֯Ÿָյĵӣ֤ΪʣҲоҫ˿̣ˡַնˡ
ľѩʶһδ˰ľͷ鴤ţַһǴ۽ˣľѩĹھϯλ֮նʣõַδжôҫۣȻǰ
ѩַǿľӰ֪ʲôʱľѩߣ˫۾úܴ󣬲ϵգţ·¿һûǿ̶ֳȣʵɱʣǷǳǿƵĨɱ
ľѩҲıţ˿ѾƽеЦݲá⣬е꣬δ뵽һ͵ʱ˵ĶĿ̫ͬ㣬ҫ۵˵۾
Ҳ֪Ȼôǰûбֳľѩ૵ľӰ˻Ц£뵽ǰ֣úÿЦַΪľ𣿻ַûαװʲôַУֻһƽòƽ·˶ѡ
㾹ɱ׼Ҽ촽ţ׼ţô


1648 £
׼֮ˣѾ֪˿̵飬˲׹飬׷Ǹ̤ʾ׼֮˶Ϊǵ׼ż𣬵ת˲䣬ַն
ַĿ¼׼ҵļоԷĻЩЦ
˶ɱˣʸҲңַϷŰĿ⿴ŶԷһǲǻδӦ
ˡ׼ҵļ΢ʱгһֲĻӡֱӳַֹȥ
ǿķַͫ΢΢ϿյĻӡԽʮͬʱշѹɱֻɶԷ۶ɣ̫ˣɻ֮ڣܹշΪãʵԽǿõķ֮Խ¡
ַһγˣͬʱֱӼһöƣϽ۵ľżʦһ͵һۣʱռ·Ťޱȿµķѹŷӡ¡һ죬ӡ飬ҷ衣
׼Ѱɡľѩʦ𣬳ʦŲһ̤ɫĮĳ׼ǰŭ֮統ͷȣʹ׼֮΢΢Щɫɺܲÿ
ղſǼҪս׷ɱַ㣬׷Ҳ񣬹ƽս׷汻ɱ׼ҾҾƤ±׼ս𣿡ǳʦĮ˵ʹ׼Ҽɫ΢Щ԰ס
׼ҲңֻǸղŹڷŭһʱ嶯Ī֡׼Ҽ΢΢ͷ˵˫Ѫȴ͸ɱâ˭֪ɱַֻ֮
׷Ҳ˴˴ڶϯλĲף˴ұˣ´εĻ׼ұôǳˡϽ۵ľż³һʹ׼ͷݺݵĲ£Է˵˾ȻɼһΣ˵
׷汻ַ㵱ɱ׼ңȴûлᡣ
ס׼Ҽɵͷ˵ֲ̫ŶϵҪ׼ңҪԶֻ֣һкܶΪǰ£׼ҡ
Ȼ׵ĻɡϽʦĮ³һ׼ѿ׷׺ˣ漴ԶȥǱҫȴ˱΢뿪ˣһжΪַ㡣
ڵһλǿ߿ǾżϽʦĿ˸뷨
ЩˣЩϺ꣬ղ׷ɻʣûֹսļУ˵׷ԼԼսȻһ仰ɻ⣬Ȼ׷ʵɱַĻǲģΪ׷棬ӦַûУֻǿ䣬ʱ뿪ǡ
⽣ڵǿаţóżϽ۴ʦȽϲַ㣬ǵĻ棬׷̤ʾԳƵˣɱַ㣬ַҲˣ˭û뵽˻ǳɻ֮׷档
ңַʵնʣ˲ľ˿̵Ҳֵ˳ˮ飬ǿ׼ң׷׼Ѿûʲôֵˣַ㣬ֵύģⲻһʦһλܹ֮նʵȻ׷ֻǸ̤ʾҲ㹻ˡ
ˣѾλԱɡϽʦ˿˵´
ֶַлᣬҽɽߣҽɽԺʲôµĻִɽ֮ˣԸΪЧ͵ġʱлԾĽɽǿһٵַǰһöӡַ㡣
˿һĻɫһ⽣ɽǺ׼еĹϵ˿ȴȻ£ַ㣬׼ҵ˿֪θ룬ҲһЩ㣬ܲлġ
лǰˣһλʦڽɽлᣬҶᵽɽߡַǽɽǿЦʹöԷɫ΢ʵ֪һλɽʦ֣
аǰշһַЦŵʹǽɽǿɫһ漴Цáãû뵽аʦֵܣаڱأɻʣأ룬Ӧò˶ˣа㽫ɻˡ
аǼޱȣҴ㲻ַܹ֮΢Ц˵
ȷаһԼݣһνɽ֮Уǧ׷ɱʮλ۷Ĵкüλ޵ȫն£һڽɽҲ˲СĲʦֵܶˣǸ
ǽɽǿٶЦ˵̸ʹԱߵЩˡ
ɽǿ߷һĻЦ£ַˣȥлһҪɽͣаʦֵҲʹ
˵գЯɽǿȥЩ죬ɽַôһϵʹ׽˲١
ַ㣬֮ӡǣлᣬкüλǿǰڣύһֻкô
ַ׷׿׵ǵĺôԺȥȥνֻЩ˱һʾ̬ȶѣֵøЩǿӡ
˴εķ⵹ȫһˡ޳͸Ǽվһ飬ַߵȺЦ߾ԵЩյʽ򣬶ȥ£ַˡ
ľѩϴ͵ЦݣĵĿǰһĻ˿̵Ҳ
ѩ㣬ַ㣬ΪŽľϲ𣿡ľӰ˾䣬ʹľѩЦ΢΢һ漴ü¶˼ɫԼŪס
ҡҡͷľѩҲ֪˼
ô˵ѩϲˣľӰЦһʹľѩ¶һĨ糺֮⣬ûȥľӰ۾Եúӡ
Ϧദôʱ䣬ô㣬ѩϲҲľӰ૵ëţ֪ʲô
ѩʱһʹľѩ΢΢£عͷ漴㿴ľ׵Ӱ
סľѩɫ˲ǰϤӰв֪Ǻζ
ѩϲ㡣ľЦͣѡǶԵģַ㣬ܺõһС
Ȼѡ׿һ뿪ΪʲôľѩͻأЩľףѵʱľ׾Ȼ뿪ˣȻǱľߵģǣľײӦôӴѶȫޡ
ľ׿Ц£ѩ֪ңЩһֱûзŬҪ㡣
ʲôһжȥˣŻ𡣡ľѩ΢죬вζ
ѩľ壬ȷһֱڰ㡣ʱַߵľѩߣ˵ʹľѩɫһַһۣľ壿
ַ㣬ǡ
ľǣҰģǰ֪ǣҲ֪ʲôַ΢ЦĽ͵Ļľѩɫ漴ľףһж˹ԭַľģ


1649 ڲ
Ϊʲôҡѩľ׺ַˡ
ѩַ㲻Ҫģַ֪ȥģӣ²ַİɡľЦһжȥˣַദҲܺã𡣡
ľѩĬԣַߵߣ΢ЦЩľȥϰ󷨣ʶ֮ҲףЩΪŻȥЩΪңŻǰæѩӦľһС
ľѩ̧ͷַЦݣڵ˵ͷľ׵ס
ľľѩĺҲ¶˿ɫַһЦһжȥˡ
ľףЩҲΪˣϣ㲻Ҫּ塣ľǰľ׿˵
ףľ׵ͷô᲻ףڼԣҪ棬һ㣬ȥԹԷҪľΪѩṩ档
ױãһؼɣѩΪӣҪȥеġľľ˵
áľ֪Ϊμؼ壬ҪˣҲ˵ľѩľַ֪ģ᲻֪£ַ㣬ַһУҲ𺳡
ַ㣬չ˺ѩľ׶ַ¶һĨЦݣֿ˿ѩЦŵ˵İ䣬ˡ
һ仰ľױľ뿪ʹѩ΢ЩΣַ֮ʱĿ˸ϵɬС
ַ㣬㲻ҪҸ׺˵
ѩ㣬ҲͦģҲˡľӰЦ£漴Ҳľˣַ㿴ľһȥĿ⵭ɨľһۣʹľͷ΢·ηַ㣬û뵽µһλ쵽ֵزַҪ׾١
ַ㵹ûȥΪʲôľӰӦʲôףЩľӰȨϣҲùʡ
Ⱥ½ɢȥֻʣЩʦԼѡеʦڡ
ľѩʦߵľѩߣ΢Цľѩõͷ߻ʵ޻׼Ȱ㻤֮һʵܹӵľ
лʦ𡣡ľѩЦ˵Ȼϣܹ޻ԿƻսɱвǿߣңǿĻζܹõϣƳƷʵĻ
ܹóʦҲΪ㻤Ļǽ۴ʦ΢Ц˵ʹǽ̵ľѩһʱĳ۴ʦ΢Ц£ǰ㶼ô˵ˣȻҲֵľѩһ֮
ľѩлǰʦҲӦ棬ʱľѩΪˣһ͸Сˡ
ߵ̸һߣѡ׷۴ʦͳ۴ʦɫÿѡ׷棬׷ȴַնɱˣû˭ԤõģǴﶼԵЩ࣬ɵȻķȥ
Ҫҵ֮ľѩʦ׷ʦıӰһʹöԷŲ΢΢һ٣ɫÿ
ַ㣬Ҵ㵽תתıĻʱӭ롣ϽʦַЦ˵Ŀ㣬Եø׽ַ㲻ĵ˵ͷͷǰˡ
ߣһ˶ϤǴ߰ɡϽʦ΢Ц˵漴һ˷׷׵ͷŲȽɫĴ̤ȥ
ַϽʦ̤ȽɫĴ֮Ȼǰľ۶Ȼˣеһ汦쵽޾·ûбԵ㡣
˵濴ȻɣδԵСЩûʲôˣԭˣֻΧѣƬС磬ַ㿴磬ͷ΢һ˿ƬС·ķ磬յжŻͻ淨֯ϢϵţܹԶд֮
һֲӴءַ֪Ϊû˸ˣƬÿܹٻҪκһɴԷǷǳԸģ˵ʵǸû˻ӵлʹսǿ֡
Ҫ׼ĵӻᾭһЩ񣬱ûûҹֻоǧܹΪһǿʦϽʦĿڣ˶׷׵ͷÿһһЩĥ˵־ǵʵܹߵøԶ
ȻҲǻʵĻϣʵԽǿлƳƷʵĻҲᾡʵֻҪһ׶εͻӦĽЩǷͨ󷨣Ҳǹž顣
Ͻʦڣ漴ߣǵȥ
Ƭ磬ַһƬռ䣬¶Ȳôȣ̨ͤء¥һÿһƺвͬϢӵвͬô
ʱȺĿ⳯Ƕ֮ˣסƬط
صϢַĿ⿴һ̺һɹɴϢ·һ۶ɵı
ûǴ֮вл֮д֮֮֮֮Լ֮ЩһĻۣ츣ĺܹܵЩԴ֮ãϾ˵ӣҲóģǽǻ档
Ͻʦ˵˶ܹ⣬ִǿǵĵʵЩµģûܹǵľжǿˣֻһģӡѡ
̫嫲ҲֻǱɽһǶѣЩ˼ԪǻжôĿֲ˶ٿµԴͲܹͨȵġַаţǰĿ̫ǳЩǴ̨ԺʹеĴᲢۣЩСڴǿǵԴַǵĳɾͻӵĿ¡
ַ㣬ΪĿ䣬౦㶼ܹԺúһʱգһֱҲ⡣ʦЦ˵ַ֪óһЩԴҲַЩ


1650 ˵еʥ
λʦַϤ漴ַ˸ȥˣӵĿַȥɣܵƣҪһЩҲ׾٣û˻
ʱһرУ湲оŲռ䣬ռ֮УһӰϥȻַ㡣
ⱦڲĿռңһɺصĿռѹַϣֻ棬ַ㶼ܹܵʮϰٱĿֲˣƬռ᲻ϵ²ţƺǿռĴŤʹǹɳصĴ֮ǿ¡
еһУ޲͸Ŵصܹ˸̵ĸء
ַ۾ǰҵĿռ䲻ͣıãĴذȻѾ˼֮أȴʼûܹͻƻΪԴصĸ򻹲ĴطӦܺƬռһԻûֲֲͬصռ䡢ΣЩǴصġ
ķǿ񱩡һС޿ײ룬һּطȴͻһֽȻͬǴأκβͬķ򣬶̺ȥھ޾޼᲻ݣϵӦһǰģͬҲǼӲصġ
ЩˣһЩֲǿߣڸԼǿ򣬲ܽЩַ૵̧ͷһļ㱦ռ䣬ȥݵĴǿܹ޷ӦִҵĴѾֲ
ν䲻ڣ򷨽й֮ͨҶԴصһʱ޷ͻƵľأȥϵѰͻƵַվ漴߳˴رС
δһֱҲͽ޹ģûô׳ɾͣͲô˽ȥͻʾˣԣַ㲻һֱڴرвߣڲСиǿıúһܶԵԼС
ʱ䣬ַڸϵҵʱ䣬Ѿȥܳһʱ䣬񣬸Ŭȡʣ˺õĻᣬȽιȵгһ٣ʾ
ʱţ±Ǩַڸϵ֮Уڲ֪аʱȥ
ʱһ汦ϣӰվǣһɫۣݣ߼ʦ֮ˣǴһϮųȹΪ·̲֮סͶȥ
ӰȻľѩԼʦڳʦʦ˵İ£аʱŽǾͷ߻ʵ޻ɼǻжôĿϾľѩʵ޻Щ΢޷ѹסνҲȫȫǽһֵĻڣʵǿԲϵĴмȡΪ
ѩһֱԷˡ۴ʦ΢Ц˵
һãֻʦˡľѩһЦϸм
ȻΪʦЩ㶼Ӧģͷ߻ʵ޻ԺʵȽףֻҪܹ̤ɻ֮ˣܹϼȡԼԺĳɾͿ϶Ҹߡ
۴ʦ΢Ц˵
ľѩЦ£ҲϣԼԺܹΪǿʦ
ʦôãȥϢɣùˣԼߡľѩعͷ۴ʦ΢Ц˵ʹ۴ʦЦȥС˰ɡ
ľѩ۴ʦ٩Ļ¶εɫĿӣʦҺַֻѣΪҸײҡ
Σҿǹϵͦ˲Ǵѿʼô۴ʦЦ˵ʹľѩͷ΢΢ţЩ⶯
ѩ½޾ҲֻǾ½֮һ磬ַչֳ츳ĳɾͱؽǿµģҲгһַܹ㽻ãֶ⣬ЩҲûʲôץס˾ץסˣһҲձᱧ
ʦľѩ˵ʹľѩĬԡ
ʦˡͻȻ䣬ľѩ۴ʦ΢Ц£漴˸ʹ۴ʦɫһ㶣˳ľѩ뿪ķȥֻԶһӰ̤ʹ¶һĨЦ⣬СѾͷ
ǵ̤ӰȻַ㣬ַܵ㿴ľѩ̤ʱ¶һĨ΢Ц
ַ㡣ľѩߵַߣ΢΢۶ͷķ˿Ц
ѩΪ˲١ַ㿴ľѩһۣ㷢ľѩϢȹǿʢ˼֣۷֮ơ
ǿ͸㣬ַ㣬Ѿƿǧ֮ҲѴﵽޣͲһɻʵ˰ɡľѩ΢Ц˵һڽ֮ǰɾն̤ʾ׷棬ַʵӦֽˣ֪ܲնɱȹ˾ǿߣĻ̫ˡ
ɡַЦ£Ҳûзϣʵȷٽ㣬Ҫ̤ʣǻôף׷Щɱʱȵ֪ʱ֡
Ҫȥľѩַ΢Цʵ
ϽʦҪһͼҶԾ½İͼ˽⡣
ַĻľѩɫ΢£ȻǲַܹģĺܴѾѰҾ½İͼˡ
½İͼ̫ˣ޾ڵ֮أ޾֮飬ҪһͼϽʦҲеģ֮صİͼѵõ
ľѩַ˵ʹַ΢֮أһ֣ңӦйؾ½ֵ
ѩָʲôַǰһߵľѩʵ
ľѩ΢Щ⣬û뵽ַ㾹Ȼ֪
ҲǺ˵½İͼоŴ飬νľֱΪ̫֮أǾ½һط½ľ޾Ҳһܱ˲֪ټԪ硣
ľѩַһʹַͷȻ׾½ܴ󣬴ޱ޼ʣһ磬ֻСѣһھŴɹ챤ıԵشɼ½ĺ嫳̶ȡ
ʥݣûطڣַľѩһСУ˶ΪνĴ磬ʥݡ
ʥʵڵģϵһ֮ǣҲʮ֮мΪҪһ֮ǣʥأ㣬֮صӦö֪ģҴûȥºԶԶľѩ΢ЦŵЩʮ֮ǣжôǿ
Ĵڡַеңǳһ֮ǣ֪ھŴɹ챤ǶС˶ѳƴʥݡ


1651 Ŷ
ʥݡڴʱַüͷ΢΢ţƺ뵽ʲô
֮ǣʱַ֮Ԥ߶˵ĻʥȥԤ߿еʥݣָ磬ʥһ֮ǣ
Ԥ߿˵ʥָĻҪҵ̸ףǣܳâ־½˲֪
ѩ˵ûУֶַľѩʵ
ľѩͷ΢΢£Ĵ˵ʥݻҪ翣ûнӴǣȴȷ˵ĴڵģǴ֮۵ǵĹ˾½ÿһ䣬ЩܻСУԶĳһ׶γ㼣ûܹĹâ֡
ʥ֮ǣҲܹ̽һЩϢվĸ߶ȣûܹӴľѩ֪Լʵ۾½㲻ʲô΢ǣֻǲ׺һڣǴ˴ô޵ʵվĸ߶ȣܹԶںܶ鶼ֻһģĸ
ַȫܹ⣬գĹֱӽС磬ɼ̺жôĿ£޿ɹ˶ԣֻ翵Ĵڡ
ѩ˵ŶַһľѩĿַ㣬ַôԾ½һ㶼˽⣬治֪ǰôģȻŶҲûȥȻ˵ġ
ַ㣬ŶǺʥһ֮ǣ֮½ʮ֮ų֮һңڵĵŶķΧ˵ŶƬǡľѩַ˵ˣôЩģ
ԭˡַг˹֮½ʮ֮ǣŶΪ֮һԱ̤ŵأŶһͺ̨ڱ֮صĳȻλ֮½Ϊʮ˿飬ÿһ֮Ƿһ
һλǰеϢַľѩ˵δͣʵŶϢ޼۵䣬ַڻ޼ļУЩǲܹ˵ģڲ֪ǾжԶǲԶĻҪЩ뿪źã۴۲׷Ź
ȻŶķΧİͼϽʦӦпܻˡַĿ˸еҪһͼòͼҪȽŶ֮ǵķͼõ֣Ժߴ᷽ࡣ
ܰɣȻҪһȥϽʦɡľѩַ΢Ц£ַͷ漴˳Ÿ˸֪λϽʦסģԷڰǰ߹ַ㣬ĻԵ
ûйãһϽǰɫס֮˵ĵλŵĳɫһġ
ַ㡢ľѩʱһӰ̤ǰԺУЦؿɡ
лǰַ΢΢Ƿ̤ǰϽʦǰ
ǵΪ˲٣ֲַʶԶˡϽʦһۣ·ܽǵΪ͸
֪Ҫܹƿʱϡַ΢Ц˵֮˿ǰ츳ѣҲ˵ܹ
׼ˣѾ¾㱸Ҳ֮ʱһжͻءϽʦ΢Цŵˣʲô𣿡
ǰҪһŶİͼ֪ܹõַ㲢ûԼ⣬ֱ˵˵
ŶϽʦ΢һ⻪΢Цַ㣬׼ȥŶ𣿡
Ȼףַ츳ǲһֱġ
뷨Ժȥһ⡣ַĻش
Ŷʮ֮ǵһǿٻޣǿ֮֮֮˵ãȻҲԳ֮ΪҪ˼ˣ׼ڼ֯һЩǿǰŶһˣַ㣬ԸĻһǰ
Ͻʦ΢Цʹַ΢Щ죬ǿߣҲҪǰŶ
һλǰŶУºһǿǰȥݻᣬͬʱһЩ󱲣ȥšʦһַƬ̣üͷ΢΢š
ַҪԼȥȻ˵ʲôֻ˵ԸԽУȻҲʱ뿪⣬ҵеȷƬͼļ䣬㴫㡣ϽʦΪַ˼ɵЦŽ͵
лǰȫַʦ΢΢Ƿ漴ԷͷţַԺ֮У嫵һͼȽģкܶطǶϾƬ̫ˣܹĽ֮ǳõͼҲһżȻĻᡣ
ǰַȸˡַһľѩȥ
ַ㣬׼ʲôľѩַ
֮ǱһֱУǷȥľˡַ΢Ц˵ľѩȻЦ֪׹Σȥľɡ
ľԵñȽϰһֶƽľع塢ľѩľԵЩϷԣľҲвСѹȻ׼ңȻ׼ҲҴĵĶԸľˣľѩַܵӣò׼¡
һգַľѩľ˵ע⣬ǿľѩĿǰȻͬˣַ֮ʱһ͸ſ΢ЦһЩĳ羴һλնʵǿߣֻ޷ȥʡ
ľ׼ַľѩȻǸ˵ģһãСƬ̣漴ַ뿪
ַ㣬ȥģľѩַҪߣɵͷһ·ʧȥʲô㡣
ѩľհɣ׼ǰȥɽһˡַ΢Ц뽣ɽԶ׼ȥаôˣ֪ṳ֮̂һʱû߶Ҳóȥˣȵ֮һǰŶ
Ҹһȥɡľѩ¶ɫ·ַһȥҲ㡣
ַ㿴ľѩɫЦ£ģһģֻǳȥ߶߶һʦֲ֣һȥء
ľѩַĻ΢΢ͷ΢΢Щ̣Щʧ̬ˡ
ѩôַ˰ľ״Ц˵ʹľѩӵˣס
ˣ˼˭ףַȥɣѾͷһῴšľ׶ַˬʵĵʹַпЦľ׵ڴľѩ
ľ塢ѩˡַһʧʧӰľϵЦʧ૵С°ѩҪ¿ɲôף
ľѩ΢΢̧ͷҲַʧӰȻҲܹоַ̬ȣ·һЩ룡


1652 ۽
ɽλããԭ֮УһɽɽΧ֮߶ĦһЩɽǿ͵Ĺż
ɽڵʷҲѲ֪жôԶǿ߱һЩɧĽ޸ӵпֲһƿءնɽʱ޾ɽԽǱһЩ֮ż£̺콣⣬ǧ겻ɢ֮˸ǧĽ⣬·ܹܵǾĶǵĽ֮սзǳ֮
ʱһ۽ϣٽмһնϵĹŷ֮ϣ潣壬ɫ£һƽڿռ֮ʹճء
۽֮Ů٣вǽɽӣȻҲޣڴ˸żһƽɽ塢߱мһĶϱɽ£ǵĽ·㡣
ǿĽ⣬ûвֻǵǿ⣬ܹһֱ档
λڴսʮɽ塢ʣµɽҲĴǶϱڲз壬ս֪жô¡һλĿ¶֮ɫ΢΢ϣ·ڸվ춯صĿֲս档
֮УַӰһбǰƬռĽ⣬ͷݺݵĲ£⽣·Ƭռ䣬Ҫһжն𣬶ңһɽ⣬ǷǳϤ޷죡
콣ǰսַͷţȻսô콣սˣܿǽɽĿֲǿߣΪһ˿콣ʵСйɸǿ֮ƣֲصĽ⣬·ܹضѹ޷죬ҲҪշѹ
ѵ콣ʵƣΪһսַе֪ⳡսĽôȻڽɽսģӦܹʵõ
뵽ַĿɨΧϥڽԲмϵĽϣҲбĿ򣬸ܹ˽⡣
ַŲһ̤Ƭ֮䣬һλͱڵǰǰǱĿʵ£һڴ˵սλȱǺˣսΣ
ַĻȻʱһâ֮ͫޱȣ·ܽ˵۾Ϲڴ˵ظ⣬˴
â¶̵ַϵİƮ˺֮
߷ĿһУԴ
͡͡Ȼ䣬ַϣ콣âͬޣϮ罭ӲΡɽͣصѹһУʹöԷϵĽⶼշѹ
Ľޡͫзâ޾¶Ҫ˺գ޿ɵֵ
ˣַŲһ̤صĽѹأԷĽӰµĽâϵջأʹöԷɫ䣬ҲĽޣԽ֮նɱͨǿߣǿŽҲ˵·磬˿̣շѹ
˸ܵߵĽ⽻棬Ŀ⳯㶼ޱȣϵĽⶼ̺֮վͱϵλƺѹš
ˣַŲٶǰ΢΢һ磬ֻһСȴͬһشôڶԷͷʹƺһɫɷףóصĽÿֲơ
ס֡˺һȻַһɽصĴؽշѹȥԷ˫ȶ޷վϵĲţɫ԰ֽ
ڣϵ֮йҲ޷ۣշѹôӰɢͬʱٴƺһ¶һѪҲ÷ˣݺݵײһɽھʯ֮ϡ
Ųһַ̤Ͽ֮أ˫ݵ˿ѱü
ػַӸ£Į˵Ҳǽޣӵн֮񣬼Ȼúõʻ𣬱㽫ѹ
忿ھʯ֮ϣɫ԰ףҲڴʱһֱֲַλ꽣ͬʱַ󣬽ַΧС
˫ûֻнķ
ŭХһַ۶ɣһؽͨĽӴֻ࣬ǿһ۷·ܹܵĳأܹѹһС
ͬʱԷҲ׷׼ǵ󶼱Ž˿ȡĽ߷ǱŽ䣬ˡ
ͨ⽣ɽŵӽУһ⽣ǻҪŵӲܹõ⼸ˣǽɽŵӣʵǷǳǿģ˿ֻ̣Ǽ⽣ûʹûϾսһѾԶˡ
ȺһĻа˵⼸ѡһսһĻ½ֱײھʯϵ˺òȥ
նһ³漴⽣âͬʱնɱâ֯״ַεĹ棬޴ӣƬգƺҪ״Ľâ˺ɷ顣
ַӰ磬۵ؽݺݵĳǰ˳ȥ飬ֱһˡ
óصŵĽм֮ͷַٶȼֲ˲Ϣһǰ⽣Ŵε֮У֯һ½Ļͬʱ⽣ƿգ潣Ļһ˺ַ㡣
ֳַؽݺݵĺĻҪ飬ǽɽǿ߿һĻ֮˫ղ֯һĻƣǽĻ֮Уʹַһû֮ܽ
Ҳˣ⽣ƿգδɫĽâѾ٣⽣ٶȣ⡣
ɽŵӹȻҲǿᣬּͨĹ¿»˲ϢϮɱȺɫӰӣƶٶȺ͹ٶȶܿ£˵ʵ֮Ҳһ˲ϢĹ
ˣַŲŵݺݵļ̤£ʱƬշ·ɽλ޾Ȼо·࣬ܵӰ졣
ƣַƵؽԺɨǧ֮ƿɨʱⱻնƿֲصʹ屬ˣַǰ̤ؽһС
ַ΢ֳֽ漴Ȼɱ£ʱһ콣â·ܿɽϺĽɽɫ԰ףʹηĽػ֮¶Ҫؽ޷棬ء
ǣ峯¿׹ȥһѪɫѿŭһʱ֣ǵ꾹һͬΪһֲ޽ǵ
նն
ͬʱ³ľ޽޾ĽһɱƬعһĻ籩ûκεķ϶޽ڷ籩֮ǰУһ޽̺֮壬ʹٶȸ죬һ޽Ϊ˽ɫʹý档
޵ĹȻ¡ַ㿴ķ籩Ļаͬʱ˫ֽؽɽصĴؽŭХ漴ݺݵĺ̼䣬ճһƬؽĻ޾籩նȻ
ַٴλӽһǺɨĽâնգ֮籩˺޴Ŀӣ޽óХֹˣλɽǿ߶³һѪ屬ˣͬʱ֮籩Ҳɢա
⽣޺ǿĺͽɽŵĽЩ֮˿аȻַ㣬ɽӵΧ޷ҡֺ
ʱһֻǼɽӽַڱ⽣֮ϣҪ⽣ԵС
ٳұ㲻֣նַĿɨˣҲͬ㣬ԳصѹǼ˵ֽӲڽ֮ϣĲҽ⽣ղһֱ飿


1653 а
Ǻˣǽɽӽְ⽣ϣվûнγַս֮ʱƺȷأǿƾյĴɱȴûַо̫ǿҵв
ַ㣬׼ǽɽһ⡣ַ㱾뽣ɽҲû
ҲҽɽԽ𣿡ַ˵Ҫ뽣ɽɵʵвٽ޶ǳɽԽ
Խ䣿ַ㲢֪ԽΪ΢΢ҡͷǣǣɲɢ⣬Ǻ
治֪ǽɽΪ죬˴Ĵստһʱǰ˵򽣣֪˭ڴ˴ս
֪𣿡ַ
ɽǰҽɽһλսҽɽʣµһӡԷ˵һ²ʲôܣ˶֪ģһսǼǧǰ飬Ľɽʣƾһǧڴ˵شսսԷѹˣҲͬܵش˼Żָƣƻָ֮ʾʤڼɾ˵λΪɽ֮
ʡɽַ֮ɫ΢û뵽콣ʺĽɽ֮ڴ˵ײѹһɽ屻նϡɽĴм̺½⣬ȻЩ˴սɨΪɽ壬ַǿˡ
սΣַʵ
ȻҽɽսʤȻԷʵҲǿ޷죬ɱշѹ²ĥĴˣҽɽţһս֮Ƴ죬֮λɾһͳ콣ɽΪɽӣȻ˵Ҳ֮ͬ¡
ΪζսַٴʵĽɽ֮յʣԵ޹ʵĺ콣սɣ˶ʵֲĽޣһսƱҪѣһ˵Ϊ
Ǳַʻ֮ɫĮ˵սʤңѾشüʣĪҪôߣǧǰ飬˭֪
ڵһսʵвٴţЩŶǽɽӰ죬Բ˵ţңҲܾţǧǰҪ֤ҵɽл˼ǧϹ
ô£ʱԶһӰ̤Ǽɽ֮˵װƣ϶ŹŽһ۱ܿǽɽӡ
ַӰת̤֮ɫ΢Į㣿
½Ңַ㿴ǰ֮ˣ꣬ʱ½Ңѩ⣬ѩȴƺϲа·;У½ҢҲûٶ䳰ȷ
½Ңʦ֡ɽӶ½Ң½Ң΢΢ͷɫĮַ㣺ҽɽ£ҽɽӣ
ַ㿴½Ңƺ׼ԼɵЦ½Ң·ҪϽɽ
ţ½Ңɫ΢һﵹȤȻָʹ·ǰɽ
ѵ֪ڽɽ£½ҢϷŰ˵
롣ַһĳһöӡĳǰ˳ȥϽɽ
½Ңһַ˦Ľӡӹʱͫ͵£ɫüΪѿַ㣬ôּĽӡ
⽣ӡӺε½Ңһ
͡Ȼ֮һֲâƾո֣ɲǻߣâʵʵȴżʮɵĽâʹ½Ңɫ䣬ԥʱ䶼ûУ͵ĳԱƮˣȻֱһ䱻˺ѣɢ¶ǹ⻪ļֻоЩ쬵ģͻһЩһֱ۶ն
һ飬ӡȻ·ַ䣬˿½ҢƺҲЩַӵеöӡǳϼܹӵУַնҲˣôҲû뵽һﾹȻõһöּĽӡ
½Ңǰӡݸַ㡣
ַ㿴ѿӡӹ֪ôٶȵ㡣
ַָʹ½Ң˿̺޲һַնεֻת·γŽɽ˸ȥ
ַŲϣ½Ңһһ·ԼаҲɶˣҲȥѯˡ
۽µȺһĻһȻǸղźַ㽻Ľ޸û뵽ַȻгϽӡֱָǡ
ɽبڲãؼ䣬Ⱥɽ֮䣬һͨһֱͨһɽޱȣ֪жôǽɽڵء
ʱǰɽɽ·֮ϣ˲ǿߣ˶ʷҲвֱӱŽ󲿷ӦöǽޣӦǹͽɽνԽ䣬ȻҲһЩܱȺǰɽһĽʵΡ
½ҢǱָɽµ·֮ˣַǰȥ½ҢһǰУЦһʹ½Ңǡ
ôòҿûʲôΪֻܳΪɽ·ˣҴˡַЦƵᣬĵ٩˼ȴʹ½Ңϵ΢΢鴤š
аˣûгأַٴʵ˴ɽΪ˿а˳߶߶ľѾһؼʱ̣оͷԽ
ˡ½ҢǺܼ򵥵ĻӦַĻַսӡҲַ㣬ַֻʹ
ô˵Ѿɾˣַһϲɫ̨ӣ˳ɻô
ǵġ½Ңǽش
ַ½ҢĻ¶һĨЦ⣬ɻˣаչ֮ǰҲǸоٽ㣬򣬲ŻɻʲصľٶַõϢʱǴӰǰĽɽǿ߿֪֮ɽȻ˺Ϣ
ӣôùɡַ½ҢЦ£ֱץ½ҢͬٶȸӵѸͣŽɽϳȥ
½ҢɫһаɻʣӵȷùϾаͬһϵа츳ǿȻӣȻ뷨ܿ챻½ҢԺΪַܵٶȺ΢΢
ɽ֮ϣаڽӴͣպԽ䣬ʱϽɽһЩλˣȻҪӴ
аʱһаǰȥ漴㿴ַӰ¶һĨЦݣַ㣬ˡ
ʹȻһˡַĿаɨһۣɻ֮аûǹ֮У·˲١
ЦˣҳغϿϵľٶһǿǧħʵĳɾͣû뵽ˣλʦ𿴵ǶʮοаЦ˵ַǽɽǿᵽаǳаַ顣
֪ʦˡַΪ˼Уʦ֡ʦ֣Ƕܳɻ˰ɣǵ츳Ҳǳǿģ̨ʮһӣ½̤·


1654 ɽ̬
̤֮ʱʦֱѾ޵֮ټ츳ųɻʾû⣬ô겻ʦѾɻҲ˵аҲڴгһ̨һʮһӵؾۡ
ҲģҲʦҲɻˡַЦϾ̤ѹȥ֮߰ãôʱ⣬κ鶼пܷôʱѾֻʣһˣңҪǱλʦֵҪӲ٣ټϵΪƫġ
ַ㣬½̫嫣֮زһ磬ʦԼʦֵܷɢҪؾ̸ףǻŬؽ̨ܺλʦֵǡаᣬʼղ̨֮¡
һַͷ
аѣʱһλ֮˳ַһۡ
Сеʦܡаͷ漴ַܵ㣬زǰڽɽʱָͬʦ
ַزǰַ΢ЦŵͷزĿȴһֱַ㣬૵ַ㡢ַ㡭
ǵַ㡣ͻȻʲô㣬زĿ¶һĨʣƵĶַ㡣
Ǵһʱաַͷһս˲СĲɽǿ߾Ȼϵ
ûˣ߱ʣû뵽ᣬңȻаʦܣȤزЦЩаַڵˣа츳Ѿǿ󣬼ڽɽҲǷǳģʦַ㣬֮նɱʣεȰԺǰ;޷
ˣֶַز˸ƣѾֱӳƺַΪֶַˣ·ϵһ˲࣬һλǰַȻġ
ȥɣҽɽĴַͣ㣬ҲǹˡаЦ˵ַԲŤֱزһô֮УʱڴвˣţҲ໥߶룬ԵΪ⣬޾н֮УַŸڴ˼оһǿ⽵Լϣһֻ˿⣬Ϣ˺ܲܡ
׼֮ˡַĿɨԼļˣйһ֮Ե׼ҼߵļˣӦõλͣ˴νɽԽ䣬׼Ҳкü˵ˣΪ͡
ղʱ׼ҵļ˽Ųַ̤ϴŵЦݣԵ÷ǳװ㣬ǲ֪˻Ϊء
ãúõĻšַܵԷϵĵɱ⣬һʹ׼Ҽͫ׷ڶϯλ̤֮֮Ǻε֮£ȴַ㵱ɱ׼ԶʹҲǳ裬޷Ĩȥ
֮͡͡лۣȻ䣬ַֻоܵ¶ȶȻ·һ֮Χơ
ţΧ֮˷·ܵһɳ֮⣬ĿͶַߣ漴ַֻɫһŲ΢΢շѹ£Ϣʱ׼֮˽µĵֱӱڰݽȥб֮
׼ҵ΢˲뿪ǿط漴ֻǸղվĵطһӣʱʹ˵ɫȤϯ䵷ңδ̫ɽ˰ɡ
ɽĿҲͶ˸ղ˸׼Ҽϣʹ׼Ҽɫѿַôĵӣﵷңʹõ̮
ǲվΪѪˣַޱ飬ƽ˵
ǻὫԼµĴշ飿
ΪҪǽµĴշ飿ַ㷴ʡ
㡭׼֮ɫӲԲ˵ȳְַ㣬ַΪŶֵġ
֪Ǻξġ׼һλǿĵ
Ȼǲҳϣ˵ɣ֮ԽƬշ飬Ϊۻ淨֮͵ϮңҪҳȻҪַƽ˵Ȼƻ˴أдǰַ뿪ɽ
𣿡ɽĿ⿴ַԵزַߣӦ֪һ¡
ϣַ˵û׼ҵȳֵġز΢΢ͷ⣬׼֮ʵַǿַ࣬ǲôֻг԰ķݣԲѲ˶Ϊ½⡣
УжټҺ׼ͬʵ߸ǿļ壿Ǵ϶زʵ
ǱңҲв٣ĻӦʮ塣زƽӦ
лǽǢһ£ǷĸԺǴϵ˵ʹ׼֮ɫȻѿˡ
׼ıʧ飬Ҳٿˡɽ˵ʹ׼Ҽ˸оζ·˵ڴܣɽ׼Һ˫ǻģɽܹõҪĻ׼ܵõҪĶȻɽȴҵ׼ҵߣֻĵλ׼ұ㴦ƣֻ˵׼ҵʵǿǵʵֻмܱȣ¾˦ɽɫˡ
ַ㡣ɽĴĿַϣ溬΢Ц˵аʦֵܣǺҽɽԵ˴ˣҪЩӡ
ɽϵĻ˽ĿͶַ㣬ЩɻǺˣ˴ӣоɽ϶׼֮䵭̬ȺܿҲһϵ
ʵȻеô򵥣ɽҪˣΪ׼Ѿ˥ļ󣬶Һˣַ㣬ɽַӣټаַһϵɽַľ룬һλնʵ꣬Բлġ
ַ㣬ΪһЩǰزַ㴩Ⱥ֮Уܿ죬˶ַ֪նʵ¼ʱһǳף׼ҵļˣȴ׵䡣
ַûڴд̫ãҵˣ˳㽫аһߣڽɽĴת£ڽɽУвż̺֮ɽǿߵĲͬУַ㵹ҲΪ棬Ľûоޣڰټ֮ǰ쳾ģ֮򣬽ָ֮
ֱ֮󣬽ɽԽʽڽٿ֮˻ۣɽӷ׷УνԽ䣬ʵǽɽд轣ʵ֮µĵӣаպ̤ʣ˴ԽԵַڽϿչ
ɽӸͬžտǿ඼ҼδԽ䣬ҲҴ۽硣ַһʱսУ˵ЩµĽɽʵ޷ᲢۣҲиֵѧϰɽĽνܶལʥ̺ͨµĹĻǿϣҲܹɱ
еĽٶ׷󴿴Ŀ졢Ӱһšǳ


1655 νն
аڽɽӦҲ˽ɽĽžɡַ㿴еսУаʵ
ڽнžв٣һЩǳĹžǳʺҵĿ֮£Ŀǰһδܳɾͷ򣬼Ժͨ£ҪҵʺĹžҲסаͷɻǽɻʵġ
ȽϺҸ£ʱûܳɾͷҲ֮ʱһ֤ɾͻλʵֽһ̨ˡַЦ˵гһаٳ·һ֮ʹ׺ɣ˿׷в٣£ַ㵽Ҳֻаһ
óԶҪֻ࣬ǣҪɾͶַʣ»ȽѣĳɾˣԺҲҪһǿžʺϸϵַ㣬֮·Ҫúߡ
аַȰӵʺϵĹžܸõΪַĹžӦħžַħϤЩԺɻʣǻħͻơ
סַͷɻ֮󣬵ȷҪǹž⣬ȻһַǳĹžֲ̺ͨһ
ʱ仺ȥɽһЩʸμӴ˴Խս࣬սңѤĽײһЩǳὣޣַ㶼Ϊ֮ĿɽΪһۼţȻЩܳĺ󱲣ܲޡ
δɻʲμӴ˴Խ䣬Ҳܽǰϯλȴòһ͵ڶа˵˵츳ˣֻЩɽЩ˳ڳѾкܶʷˣаǰСУǿԼҲ߹·һܳļλǿ
Խô˴ιھϯλ֮һλͷڵ꣬ԵӢ˲ɫʣ˵ĸоǳţĽǾգܴϹֲۣ̺ɱ
Խڶϯλ֮Ҳ˳ԾַΧ֮˵̸ۣƺĽЧµɽ֮ŵһ޴ҲᣬȴΪؽ趯֮ʱ̺ܹѹһС
½ҢҲ˲λд˴ԽϯλóսӰΣҵ궾ˡ
˴Խҽɽӣвױ֣գλҽɽԽм֮ˣҲԽ㵽ΪֹҪȥһҲɣԽ֮ʱ뽫Ϊѹƣֻƾȡʤ
ɽִ˴εԽɽѾʤɵվЦ˵
ַ˿Թߵ̬ԽҲܹܵЩ֮еȺֽ뼤飬Ƕԣ˴εԽǳҪܹδǷܵɽȱӡ
Ƿսκˣʱһ꽣ʵ
û˴ֻҽɽԽ䣬μӴ˴ԽĽɽӣȶȥԽϺЦ˵ʱͬʱкüٽ֮кͽɽд裬ҲʤаܣһЩҲбвһЩǳĽֶ꣬Ŀ˽ɽӵĹâȻǽɽǰĽޣȴûܽǻ
ʱ½Ңһλǿ֮ĿңϿգַڷЦַ㣬ڹ۽ԽʤҼλʦܣ֤ڽв裬ΪβԽĽΡ
ַʵ½ҢǺַն¼Ҳ֪֪һЩ˴඼ǽɽû˺ᵽ½ҢҲͿַ㣬ַֻ㼸ιڣսһʼղ˴˻ᣬַԽսҲᶪȥ
ַȻ֪½Ң뷨Ц£˿в˶Ŀ⳯ͶɽϸЦַ㾹һޣ
ԼڽУ轣ַ㺬ЦӦ
Ȼ轣뽣԰ɣҵȿ۽硣ɽЦԵʹ½Ңɫ΢ϾȻ̸ַЦ
ʱѲ½Ң룬ַվ𣬵ãռɽɽԽ򣬱Ҳԡ
˵գַһԾٽ֮У½ҢԶ
½Ңһ⽣Ŀַ㣬Ľء
ַ΢ʱгһǳͨĽͬ˿ʵؼɼĽһ
ʸ䣬ַЦҪʱԻ
㡭½Ңɫһ¶һĨɱ⣬ַ㾹
б֣һֱַ㣬Ȼ䣬Ӱ·ƾʧ뽣һ𣬴գַţһ翣ӰΡ
ַ֮ͫһ磬裬ǡôıܿһ
͡½Ңնɱʱһշ籩˺ѳգնǰһжҪɢԶ֮˸ܲɽֱ潣˲ܹܵǿɱɱױ
ַҶƮƮģ˲ϢϿգս½ҢҲƲ磬ַܵɲ潣һշգ棬ַ˸۳һɿµĽ֮籩ַЮС
ɱһɿֲɱһֻ⻯籩ַۣ֮㣬һΧշ籩۶ֻһɼ籩ַ֮ɱȥַʵܱɱ
ַζȻ侲ֹĿǹɷ籩һ꣬ȴ·˾Եİ֮ϡ
ս·ַͫбûڣַϵʱһ챬촫ͬը죬ַշ·𶼲֮һֲâ˲ϢǷ籩֮أ¡һ֮촫һĿֲսⱼҲ޷ۣͬʱַν˲βֹһһ۵ķ籩ڶ赲ǰһнն𡢵ֱ½Ңϱȥ
ѣһҽд½Ң屬ˣѪɽɢȺֻ½Ңһֱ۱һ
ַڵѪ½ҢЦʹ½Ңɫޱȣַնһֱۣȴ˵Ǽӣֻо޵ݡ
ַ㣬ʲôɽ϶ַЦʵ⽣κεĳ֮أƺڰνһ˲챬㣬ʹýһɲǾٱǿɱЩǻν
νһЩֻΪֵһᡣַЦŻӦ˵ʹ½ҢѵνΪ
ɽҲһ㶣漴ЦͬԴҲһýǿĽܷӳ


1656 콣
ǰˡַŽɽ΢Цŵͷ漴ĿǻԽڶϯλ꣬¿ɷԸԽ
Ŀһɨַ㣬ţһԾٽս̨֮ϣд⡣
ַԸ½Ңֻһһֲ̺ͬװѸͣ·еڰν˲䱬ɷǳģ뿴ַ㽣ϵж
һԵ½ҢֱڵѪɫѿ˶·ѾӵˣνԽȴһնֱۣ棬ֻܻ½ս̨
϶Ȼһɿֲ֮͸ǿĳѹַֻܵоϱһɽ
ͣս̨˺ѣŲַ̤޴ڵ֮ϣһƣһֻԷ嶸Ȼڿգһ£ʱַֻоһ峯ԼɨѹһС
ҲǴذ뽣ڣֱ˴ˡַܵɿֲĳأ漴˫л۴֮Ųһţ죬޽ɨǺײ¡һ촫ַֻоֱϴһɾɽʹڶ΢΢顣
ٶɨβ·һŷַͷϿȫޱȳص֮ӰĻ㣬Ƭնڵס
˿һĻаÿ񱩵Ĺ
ҽɽǿļž֮һ벿ΪıǿûʧɫȻĽȷǿң⻹ǿ״̬
ֹǺԳɵĹм֮ޱȿ񱩣֮ԳɵĹǿ̫ˣԶܣַֻ㿴еĻаݣԽڶɱȵ½Ңǿˡ
ͷַϵĽ־·ˣ޼᲻ݡƣϢ·ܴݻһУ޿赲廯һߣ潣һգһâַлȥնɱɲǻߣÿһ̺նһУʱеĻɨһƬ޴ȱڡ
Ȼʱȱ֮ϣһصĽӰ֣޾籩۵һһɽ֮ƱܹһеѹַϿգ˴ĿĹߣ·һշѹ
óصѹǴصļ°壬ӽˣңһɽ֮ƣÿ¡ַϽĻۣ׼ܣҪӲһжǿ͡
޽֣ڰ޽ͬһħɽµħ֮ϢռٵĹײһ𣬶ʱƬն·ڶͬĻ㳯ɢλδʵǿͷŵĹ
屻գַ򱻺䵽ӽϣ˶оƷ顣
˿̣Ų¿յַ㣬ĽȷԶΪΪ̺ʹ֮ڣ츳ƾĽڷӳֽҲĶֽ֣Ҳȱ㣬޷һ͹ڡһУǿȻҲԼҲҲǿġ
ûκһֽģҵĵȻҲȱݣллָȻˣֵýַ㿴꣬Ϊͣýںϰ֮ɾͳ˵ǰ㣬ȷ֪Լǿģһս֮ȷúúһ룬Ŀǰܹǿˣ빦ཻڣͬһѾܲİ֮ˣΪ˵Ľ֮С
˼ͺܶ˶ͬ츳޷õˣһԼĽŬǰУһսҸоܲڣ漴ӰƮˡ
ҲһǳַЦŻӦ˵ֻкͱԼǿսܶԼаֻҪд裬ԷʵҲܹһЩһ˵վޣ㲻ӵ˵ŵ㣬֮ҪܺɰٴȴᶨƵԼ·ȡ˵ŵ㣬
ʱһӰ˸˲ϢַǰͷڣͬӣȺȴ֪սɲôţҳ˿ֲգݺᡣ
ԽһҲסˡȺһĻаɽһЩ¶Цݣַʵǿ޽ߣн֮ţǿȻҪսϾֻԽ䣬սҪܽʧܵңּսǶԼģַս˶
ַȷʵ˵֮߱ɱʣӦûûзӳȫʵֻĽȫţ츳̫ˡ
Ը̸½ͷڵַ˵еĽһ֮ɲǻսʤҲûκε壬ս֪֮ʲôʱãΣ֮ʱͷŻԼʱд裬ȻΪ
ַտʼֻһսʵĽӰӣս֮ԽһԽ˾ҲǳҲܻԽһ
ɡַƽ˵Ӧս
ͷӰ˸գʱճ־ſֱ̫£ַʹַֻоʹ޷·̫֮âܽ۴Ϲ
һɿ»֮Ȼ併ַǰֲΣдʹַͷ΢֮ʹöַӰƮˣ쵽¡
֮߱һʱۣǰɱһ
ƣַ۾΢գ֮Ȼţ֮ǰնɱȥ
Ȼ˿ַϿգָ֣ôҫĿ
ն³һʱ֮⻯ű죬նɱ¡
ıַ㳤ŭʹһֲۣ֮֮֮ںϣʹùĻըѡ
ݡӰ˲Ϣʧֱӳַǰ̶쵽̫ͬâ
ҪѸײڶ֮ƻַ㣬ΪɽһЩ档ȺһĻͷ˽£Խڶ궼ܣַٰܸ㣬ǽɽ˴ԽʵԵЩʵ
ննһֱַΪΪӿ콣â޷죬˫ֽâͬʱնڶԷĻ潣ϡ
ɽϸܵղһ˲޷֮ϢĿⶸȻһ·ǡ콣⣡


1657 
콣⣬ַϾȻĽ⡣вţѵַĵӲɣ
ûһĽȷЩơ
ɽ˸ͣ˲мλɽǿߣǸղŸַܵһɲͷŵĽ֮жһâ
һɲַ֮ϱû콣⣬ֻ˫۽âһ·ֹϢʹöԷѹƣַĽ̫̫ǿҪ˽սʱ򣬶Էľ޷ӳգֻӰƮȻˣ֪Լˡ
⶯ֺ·Ľ쵽һ̶ȡǿһ̶ȣûоԵ޷ս¶һ˿ЦҪԾ֮ѹַ㣬ȴ뵱ַ㱬˿£ֱҪû
ҵĽ㡣ַ㿪˵ַͷϣȷĽѾǳˡ
ַԼҲףó̫ںϰ彣޷Էɱ֣⡢ڶԷзǳ
ΣܱǰܣʣҪʤ㣬ˡƽ˵˺ų޵˿̣һ޵֮ˣʶն֮£սһİѴＫޣ˵ںϰ彣ɱ̫¡
ַ㡣ʱɽڽ溰һʹַĿתϷĽɽϡ
ĽӦнʦ̵ɣϲʵϴŵЦݡ
õһλָ̣Լ֮üʱ쳾ģٳֽ򽣣Ľַûȫղ¶콣ⴿ⣬սɽŻʵʱ콣սǲҪ¶콣ΪãϾҲ޷ȷʺ콣Ϊζսʱ½ɽ콣вǳԨԴ
Ŷںδлᣬҽɽ֮˵Ҳݷ˽ˡϲɫЦʵ
һСżҲϺáַûж˵ֻһ䣬½ӵеС粻֪ж٣ԷҲ֪Լָ
ɽ΢΢ͷ漴ڽɽӣַ㽣ҪԽҪץᡣ
ûӦ𣬴˴Խһ͵ڶ˶ַУҲַĽҪսʤַ㣬ǲܵģԽǵʵ޷Խַ㣬ױᱻ
ַˡַ㿴Ӧʱ΢ЦڿգصаߣһЩԽȴҲ޷Ⱥ򣬱Ͼ˸ղַսսԵòôޡ
Խַ֮а˶ȥɽ֮ϣһͱϣվаַЦɽڴ¡
ַаһЦһ֪ԼҪʲô΢ַ̤룬¼䣬Ȼһɽڿգʱ֪꣬ǹɽɴڣɼǿ
ʵĽǹɳظ֮⣬߽⣬ͬ޷Ľⶼѹַɽ⣬аĽžǽӵ֮·Ҫѹ졣
һʱ䣬ַ΢ص֮ϣаЦǿµĽ𣿡
ǽɽȱȻΪ²ƸаЦ˵漴˸ܿ죬ַһǵ֮أΧȫɽڣУƺֽ⣬ֻվΧǧڵĸоⶼҪߡ
ɽȱ֮˶ϴӽģͬʱǵĽ⣬ʹĽԽԽҡаЦ˵ַ˼漴˹｣Ⱪң˵ĽⱩߣȻֽⱩҵĵطܼػԼĽؽʹᣬϴӽġ
ֱַ̤Ӳǧ֮Уʱֱַ򽣴ĹĴصĽ⡢Ľ⡢Ľ⣬޾ĽʹַϵĽ·Ҫһңǽⲻȣܷܿ𵽷ãطҲܹ̤ġ
ַ޾бĿܣɽ⴩壬߲ܣϸϸƷζ
аַĶ¶һĨЦݣգֱͬ
ʮ֮һ뿪أһգɽ£ַͷа΢Цˣлᣬһɽ㡣
аȴ΢΢ҡͷ½ǿ˭Ҳ֪һڲõĽҲ׼ȥƬ½֮شһֱڽɽɣҲѳɾʹۣк塣
ǿ桢Եǻ׷۷壬ܲͻԼ츳֮á
аĻַͷΪȻ̨һʮһӣһǺ֣ʱǰǬ򣬸ĸоǾǿ󣬶ڶλıаʱڻĺ֮Уаڻĺڵ°壬ĵһоǴӵ־־ޱȣβɴݡ
һ׷ʡҲ˵Ǵۣߴ룬Լоһֻ롢ǲʵֻ£ȻЩˣȴ롢ҲΪԼȥƴҷǰУ㾡һУаǺˡ
ʱټַаЦʵ
ż̨֮ʱټаЦַ˵ͷ漴ֱ̤ź󷽻֣ȥ
̨ڴ磬ʵػ̨аַıӰ૵̨һʮһӣû֮磬Լƪ¡
ãأַ񱼣콣⣬շ֮֮˺ѣľնϡ
ңַϽⲻϱ任ǳصĴؽ⡢ǳĲལ⡢ֻǱ⣬ʮַֽתݣͬʱһǿħϢƶϣ뽣֯ƣ·Ҫ뽣ڡ
񱼺Хַ㲻ϵĳŸֱã߼ֽڣܷħҲѰΪϵ㡣
潣ħڣħ֮ؽħڣǳħϳԡͣϣַ·Զͣ£ûֹ
ǣڣַŲͣµһɲǣر˺һѷ죬Χһжɨпֲļħڱڲݣ·ֹϢ
ʱַϵĽħ⣬·һ𣬲ֱ˴ˣ⣬뵽ħ֮С
𡭡ַһХħâ·һֲħħ֮ն֮ϣǿ˺˵ĵزһճһɿֲħ籩
ն졢ħ죬ǰУ졣ַ˫־𣬻֯ʱ޾ħâۣɾһħ̺Ŀֲ֮·Ҫ춼ն졣
һ죡ַһնճһħ籩ϣַŲԥ̤˳ȥûаΨǻħ֮


1658 ַ
ɽһǰ˿̽ɽվھµĶǰĿ⿴ۣ֮һģӰվǣ˲֮⡣
к𣿡ѾվǼʱ֮ϣһƮƽȻȴޱȵƮ˴ϵĶС
ţԽҼ콣⡣ϻ˵ͬ󣬵ȴϳžƮȥ·۳ߡ
Ǿϵ·һͣȻ䰲Ƭ̣ʹŵѹָд
ˣ֮ϣƮ¡
ַ㣬ݲ꣬ùھϯλƿضְ޵Ϊ߱ɱʾޣóںϽ¶콣⣬˵żȻָܵ㣬֮·
ִֻ֮£ɽɷǳϸĽһ򵥵һ仰Ϣַ֪һˡ
ǰǣȥ̽鲻Ļȥ顣֮Ƭ̵ͣ٣漴һƮɽ΢΢ȥ졣
˵գ建ĳȥǳɽſǴۼǿߣȻҲλʣʺʹۣһǵֻ
ַֻҪɽȥڣܻڳģһ˲ƾճ֡
ַȻ֪ɽյʺ콣йһսַ֪һսԵɣʱһƬƽԭ֮أ飬ȻԼģǰһĲ
ÿַֻξ֮У˿лᣬȻҪĳ͸͸ң˵ΪҲ۷ˣһֱʹ֮Уʣ㵹ַЩΪѣĳȥ԰ġ
˵츳ַûлɹǵݣɶǷǱѰأɻǱȻ֮¡
ַ㡣ʱ΢΢ţ·ʲôһ
ôˣַʵ
Ҹоһ棬ֻԾˣԽԽǿһѹƲסĵ˵˿˿
ַ̥̾Ϣ̥̫ǿˣĺҶĳɳ½⣬޷ģһֻܿԼն
ܹġַ΢΢һЦĵָ֣⻬ģĶַһЦ˵ͷ
һ䣬ַ㣬Ϣ졣ʱָԶһ䣬΢ЦŵַȻܾŻǡ
ɽ񣬷羰ǲеΪƫ֮ͣ˶٣ѾǶǿˣ嫴˿ڻ̫Ӵ˵ǿߣǣײӴ޷棬ֻƽԭ߻ҰнͨĴ䣬ҽǳأǿ߶Ĵڣܹøá
ڴУСĴԼֲȺȻ½ضԣֻռСĲ֡
ȻֻǴ䣬ɽ÷ǳۡͣ͸ž׵ϢţǷǰǷ羰ʤˡ
һߣǣˮ֮УŴȻľף͡
ַ㣬ϲϢ΢Цĵعͷ˦ź󷽿ȥڰ̲֮ϣв갲ĸǶԣҪܹ̤˺һľأ־ܽ䡣
ûй̱Ԫĵҩû˵츳ˣҪȥǱ뾭ܸĿѡܸǿĴۣ޾꣬Ǳ˳ɾҪɾҪɾʸΣֻҪгһܳɻʣαغ˱ʱǲȱʱ䣬ȱǾȴǼ͵ġ
ʱһλǿ߶ڶ˵ʹַ¶Ц⣬Щݵϵ඼ֻʮ䣬䣬δӴʣҲֻһ֮ңôЩ꣬ٱ𲽸磬ֻҪȥŬȥѣټһЩл̤·˱СӵиƣֻЩͨе˶ˡ
СҶѩ֪ôˣСһӦҲ˰ɡַ㿴龰պ쳾ϴĵССҲ˼λѡ
ˡСһˡַСһСҪС꣬ҲˣСȥ
ҲиСˡ鿴ǰһĻ΢Цſַ㣬ʥϾһĨߺ֮ɫǡ
ַ˫ָգ΢ЦͲ߰
ԸΪӣԺÿԿ󡣡ɫ漴ַĻУֱַ۽鱧ţзůҪӣҲҪΪӴõѪڻС
Ҳֱַַۣ㣬·Һ飬ٴЩߣԺ˵͸ߡ
ַЦĵԴѾͷĳ
Ҳͬ⡣ַգ۾ģмζʹַģЦãͰ˵
ǿ߳źߵַǿһۣ¶һĨηɫ꿴ûκεΪȴλ飬ɼûΪ͸һλֲ·Ǵ䡣
߰ɡַŮվ漴һʱӹ˵ӰһʧʹǿĿһÿֲٶȣᣬΪ
ַʱ߹ƽԭ߹ɽһЩСǣ·Ҫ䷱ȻһˣȻҪúһһЩҪ֮⣬ǻСĳǳأֱһº˲ŻصС
ʱɽ壬ɽĴһɫأһǿַ̽ĹȥȴоԽԽľ
ΣǾ֮ϣΨȻһȻǵõһЩϢġ
ͨǲ鵽ľľףַǵģͨľˣǲľģľ⼸һЩ֪һҪ¹޼ԼһŴɹ챤ĵطɽɽǿǰȥԼŴɹ챤ͬʱַ̽ǴһС߳ޣƺʮʣӵʮְ֮ҿܵõ޼۵У⣬˽ַڵС磬Ƿ񻹴
ɽϻ˵һ˴Ų̽ЩϢңľҲЩûἰַ飬̸ֻ¼ص㣬ľ׿Ҳ벻ĵǴĿĵģᵽĵصˣģܼ˳ȥ


1659 
˻ģʼȡԼ˾ռҵλлʼҳưԣˣʼʵ˻ģҲǿһʼ֮⣬ֻһڼǰҩ֮ȼˡ
˼ǰǳң˻ľ֮˾֪磬Ǿ½һСѣʵ磬ľֲǿߣֱƿС磬˶ĴЩһж㽣Ĵ󶯵ʱڣҪٳȥѾôˡ
ʱл֮صĳмӰڴմ綯ҵһЩϢԼַһλóľʣЩڰ˻ĵϤˣַƬ˲֪ѾʧƬˣֱ֪ǿˣýľǿߣ󲻾һλô׷ɹʹߴһ˲Ľ棬Ѵ˰˻ľģ˲˲²콣ʱ
Ƭ磬ƺҲûԡ޾ʢˣѵСһʢһȥôǼλʻ֮˵Ӱʧһ̾Ϣ˵ǰ˻Ķ˻ļʮۣиʵǿ𣬺ε磬ǵټʧƬ磬ǰЩ˵еȱһǰȺΪǰʥݣ˶֪ȥĴ磬ǣɻС
ǣĵλӵĳȻʼҺҩ˶ԸǽʹýΪһΪʵʱһλ޽֮⣬󣬱һǳͨĳпֲ
ߺˣʱ޽֮⣬ػ֮˿ŵ꣬Į˵
Ž֮óҿ޽ʮأգʶޡ껺˵Ȼ䣬һ콣ֲХ֮ϯʹɫ˲ɷףѿֽ⣬ֿܹġ
ޣǰʽһӲ³漴һâھ޽֮ϣʹþ޽ֹ
Ƭ֮һӰӾ޽̤֮ȻΪǿߣΪ֮ˣǽĹ
ǺˡĹüͷ΢壬ŶԷ˽⣬ܿ¡
̫ˣǶ̫ˣνʥأֻ˶ѣӿ׽֮ɨʹȫâ򽣸ǿߡ
̼䣬һţǿ߾ʼֿȻֻ껺ǰֲ̤֮·ûֹ㣬һӰݺݵײھ޽֮ϣѪӿȴûһƵǡô
ǣҲΪޡϽƣâͬ߿Х˿ɵǽĻǿҲɫ䣬ʡԷǽʣ˻ģȻһλʣǿߣǸ޷ƥС
ǽ˶ѣҽձý󣬲ô轣ޡ걳Ľʣʱӿ£âڱգΧκ˶Ҫ㣬·Էܹ˲ɱˡ
ԶȺһľǿߣȻһλǿɱ˽ֻԷ֮ϣ޾ޱߣɫĽâͬһ̼û·ǿߡ
ڴʱһϡϡ
ɫ΢Ŀ⿴Ǳ޽λڴˣβԽ
Ļ£Ȼ䣬һ콣Ӿ޽֮͸ֲ޷죬ʹǲɫ͵һĽڲϵı
ǰͽ̡΢΢ˣƺǰ
ϵٶ콣һ˳ݺݵĴڶԷϣʹòɫͣ任漴ž޽΢΢ǰˣǡ
ȥ֮󣬽ɸоľ˻ģнǿߡ
ʱ޽֮Уڣ⣬пǽ֮ϣ콣ǰ
֣ḧ૵ҶصСˣЩƺҡ
˻ģĽǿߣҷΪȻˣͷ콣⣬öԷ⣬ַǼһѾӴ˽ɽ򣬲нҵġ
ѩ¹ػС磬Ҷǵסأ˿κԼվһ飬°㣬ǰĲԶӰϥ
ƣҶԽԽ𣿡κɶƴ˵
ʱ·һ˰㣬ԽԽԣΪͻͽܿ졣üͷţҶһ㷴ʱ򶼸оİ˰㣬Ȼ˲ַ·˻֣ңҶΪڽͻͽʱҲԽԽࡣ
᲻Сôûйأκɴʵ
ӦòǣΪַҲ˷ţʱȥˣǺǰһԸнޣֻǸ˼ֳζ·ˡ
ĶҶ˼յ֮˼޵ĸ߹ǰĹȴЩ޵Ů
ôˣҲ֪Сʱܻκ૵ЩߣܼȥһЩַ˼ɻʱʱַ
ĸףɻ·һƬĻǰףַɻ֮󣬱ġ¶һĨ˳ЦݣȻȴ˿̣ҶȻſͷųһâڷ漴ֻĽŲȻ̤Զȥ
ҶκɫһһȻ˿̵ĶҶû֮ʧҶΪѾκܹˣܹ׷ϡ
Զ޾֮⣬Уǣĵ͵һϷ·һͷŶʹַȻһ
ġַһѽӵ뻳Уʹĵ΢΢ţ־ڷĵֿţǹǿʢϵĳַ壬ֱ֮Žİ֮⽥ʧ
ģôˣ鿴ģ¶һĨɫһ˿ֻŵɫԼַĹĿ⣬ˡ
˭һˣ
ַȴǺݺݵĲ£ˣǧǰδ


1660 ַ
ɽ壬һˡ
𣿡ϣһģӰӾ嶥˴͸
ѾŪˣȷһССɽ³û뵽ôֵõϢ
ˣ漴һ̤ಲ壬󱳸һ޴ޱȵûн·˰㡣
šɽ϶ֵӰ΢΢ˣǽɽۣ֮սʤ콣ʵʡ
ҵʦܣˣ£һһˡ۵˵ʹôɫ΢ȷȻʦսܣȥô꣬˭Ҳָ֪ˣԳ֣о԰ա
ʦӢɽ΢΢ͷȻǰʦ֣ҲǴǿߡ
ַʲôϵʵ
ڵĵطΪ󣬶ַǽܿĴߣСУַ˲֪ɽϻ˵Է仰ڿδַˣһȻĴˣϧˡ
ʦַ֣ҽɽһλСеʦֵܣΪа츳ǳѷҽɽһκˣѾɾʣ°۷壬ܳɾ·ɽϻ
ҲĴˣɫһâַնʣа츳Ҳᶼİɡ
ǣַаһ̨ͬʦֵܣаûйϵ
΢΢ͷ˼аȻҽɽúöԴַ㱾ҲɽύȻĴˣֻܳĨȥˡ
ַõ޼۵ĴУ޼׷ַ㣬ֻҪϢŸ޼֪ǻԸַģϾַ㣬Сɽϵ˵
ԼŰɣ⣬·³һɽ΢΢ͷ漴ˣȻû뵽̬仯˵Ŀ죬Ҫ£ַ㣬ʹɽַ㽻ãȴû뵽ַ㾹¶콣⣬Ĵˣһַ㲻ˣܳΪ󻼡
ַ㲢֪ɽԼ˻ôķ꣬ЩһֱػĵߣϵԽԽǿˣ֮ǰѹƣַô֮Ϊ⣬ξй˼ԺУϰ⣬ַ㿪ʼֻһֳԣķ֣ЧȻַַΪˣιžһǿȣпܹξİ⡣
ʱǣһԺУַϣԡ֮£΢΢ţƺܰ㣬Ȼ˿ȴأǧǰﾹȻѣԽԽǿѹƣֲַԶСҶôˣ
һӰִַַĺַţַԴһ飬ʹַ۾㿴Ǿ޵գ¶һĨº͵Ц⡣
ȥˣܻа취ģʵȵԺη֮ΪΣ⣬ΪҵġַѾһж飬ԼЩ֪ģ˵ˡ
ַӦ漴˫գԴ΢΢̧̧Ĵ£һúñǵġ
㡣һЦǰǣַ㿴ǰʥӣǰԼһ·棬ǰԼܹɳԶǰǿˣɺǰһĬĬĸԼߣûйκεԹԡ
һܹӵôŮˣѾ㣬ǲϵǰУԼӵеһУܹ޾档
ǸȥˡַЦ£漴;׼ǿһǰŶһŶ֮УһҪ̤֮
ȥġ鳯һ䷿ȥƬ֮ĻһװͬЦ˵˵Ŀɳۣʹ߲ᱻ˿ͬʱ϶ߣ죬ֻҪٿڣ㲻ᱻ˲ˡ
ַۣ̲סЦʹ˫ԹһۣЦЦʲô
ǼˣȴװַЦ˫λ仯˫ô鶯ܹ׿ӳŮ֮
ΣֻҪ˿ǵòˡ鲻ĵĵò̫ڣ죬֮ʲô˶Уַ㲻ǵȻϾɲС磬ǿ̫ˡ
Ǵ϶Ұɣ˺档ַЦĵ˵ͷһڿգķ˸ȥ
Ϊַλ˹Ҳû˻˵ʲôֱĳǰϽʦŸס˸ȥ
ȻַջصԼסʱ򣬲ԶһٻӰ˸һַ㡣
ǽӰַ¶һĨ΢Цѩ
ַ㣬ɽԽ˵ͽˣôôʲô𣿡ľѩһַԵӰʵ
ʲô飬ֻ߶¡ַЦľѩסܽջľѩˣַףľѩһֱڵ
Ŷľѩ΢΢ͷ漴֪˵ʲôаԼǰַʱǳɣɲôн
ǣľѩһۡ
ҵλѡַ΢Ц£Ҳľѩ
ˣ˵ҪǿһǰŶһǰɡľѩЦ˵ʹַпЦ߿ǻλء
ѩͷ߻ʵĻ棬ֵΪĺʱúùΪ֮ĺáַȰһ
ַ˵ûѩǰŶ̫ңԶҪ޾·϶Ҫõʱ䣬㻹ȽϺʡʱһһλϽʦ̤Ǿżʦ
ľѩɫ΢΢һ
ǣԷ˵Ŷӵ޾룬ַһȥôǴľ׿ַ֪СޣڴУĺΪң׷ǿ·˸һֱһطͣ᲻ϵʹǿ
ǣȥľѩһʹַԵ鶷µԹĵַһۣһǵ˷Ķˣ


1661 ޽
ַľѩҲЦѩڳȥʱȷʺϣԺлᣬһ㡣
Ժ󣡡ľѩ磬תۼʮأԺ󣬻Ƕá
ѩַ˵ûԺеǻᣬ֮ҪúԼʵŶԡϽ۴ʦЦȻԸľѩַ뿪ģϾַȥ˭֪زľѩɲҪ˲źá
˵˵ʲôʱľѩһĨʧ¶һĨ͵΢Цַ
ɻԺҲԺһҪءַ΢Ц£лؽ̨ǰڶȻҪ̨㹻ʱ⣬̨ܹĵӶӵǿĻ߱ǿ
ľѩȴַ֪뷨ַսǿ󣬶ó󷨣Իôԡ
ˣǰŶ֮ǰҪһַͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬Ѿӵལ꣬´һ£֮һԻӵ
ʲôľѩɫһ⣬Щַһʱ
רõĽַһʱ֣âҫַͷϿգиϵ¡
ֵĽϽʦɫ΢Ľнڣ
ַ΢΢ͷϽʦʶ㣬ȻܵõĴڡ
ȷԺúø£ΪҲܲϽϽʦ΢Цû뵽ַ侳һӵнֽܹͬһսԺ顣
ãʲôʱľѩַ
Ŀ⿴ϽʦַʵʱǰŶ
ʱһס֪ͨ㡣ϽʦЦ˵ˡ
ɡַ㿴Ͻʦ뿪ľѩ΢Ц
ռһЩϣҡľѩһҲʧҪַĽƳһõĻ֮ʱһѣҪǽĲ滻ͬʱǿ󷨸֮
ľѩһȥȻкЩʱ䣬ֱ֮󣬱ַڻ֮󣬽㸡ַ֣һο꣬ɫĽ׵硢ɫĽǻ棬Ưգַܹ׵ĸ֪ǵĴڣָͨоΪ
µ֮Ҫϴַа˵ƵĲϲΪƣͬʱ뽣ڣ⽣Ȼˡ
ַ㣬ĽΪѾӵԼĽ꣬˺һ㾭˸죬ҲᱻǿǿֻΪĸľѩַ˵ַȻζŽѾͽֲˣǿǿܹǿ

У˿ĳطӰվһĿ⳯ǰǵܣȻһˣ·һա
ȷУʱһ국˵ûκεĸ鲨
ȷԱ֮΢΢ͷ
ʲôˣг𣿡һЩ˽Ϣ͸¶ǣУǵĿģʲô
˵Ц£ʱͷβǶûвֻǸһϢѣ⣬һЩ˽һʱԺǰŶַ㣬ͬһǲٵһʱ䡣
Ҹǵľôˣ޹أǡ˻˵漴Ӱ˸뿪ûȥԷһۣ֪ϢѾˣҲûбҪȥ˭ṩϢ
ӺĶСһЩ·;ж֡껺˵ʱԶĺڰ֮أһӰ˸ҲΪ·;жõѡϾҲһӴǿžܹڰȻò
һСУһλǿߴżΪͨĲôߴ󣬵ȴһΰĴıϣһ޴صе·ߣ̤л̤֮ȥ
ȻڴʱⱳͣյУǰһ޴ɽ壬ɽ֮ϣһλǣԵЩ΢·ױ˺ԡ
ȻšңԶŵ˵˵
ҲԸԳΪ˽ɽ֮޳ɴۡ΢΢̧ͷǵĿ⳯ۿȥԵúֻܰǸͨ߶ѡ
޽ģ۱ʵʱΧ޾գ͸һɳޱߵѹܹضѹ
ʦ֮ǰǸ߹㣬޽ʺңʺȿֲѹʹɽ巢죬Ȼбѹ֮ƣȻ͵ɻǰ㣬ûκεı仯
ϼһͿǻѡΪɽ̳㻹ǰУңѾɾʹۣ޽УܷӸǿ¡¡ֻ֮ɽ屻ǹɿֲѹѹ޷ܵס
ҰУһֱδָ֪Լ޷һսǣҪɱңҲܣ޽¶һĨЦ⣬漴վĿ⿴ۣۿŶԷ۾Ȼ˿ֻ̣һâ˺񷣬ɱЯ޷֮⡣
䣡屬ˣȻǵâ·ӰΣ·ӡԴ
ơƣŭһضΰշѹʱǱ֮ɢٿˣֻ˺Ц彥Ϊޣֻһлص㿴ˣҪͼʲô޷սʤ㣬ҪɱɽһЩˣҲ練ơ
£˵ӰѾʧյиʲôûУǵ޷Ҳûгֹ֮ϣ˵İһжǲʵĻ㡣
޽޽Ŀɹâ䴩񷣬ǵı֮ϣΧɽһѣѹֻ̮Ǽʱ䣬Ƭɽ֮أΪƽأ͸ſֲһûкãǣѾ޽ˣңѾ֮


1662 ׷ɱ
ޡޣޣҲޣ޽һҪõ૵֪콣ʼѷ˽ɽ㲻¶ˣԼôãû뵽ȻСУ½ͺ嫣콣ʶСдӲ̤ȥżȻַ㣬Զ֪콣ڴ˵ء
Ųһ̤۳л֮صķ̤ȥСͣһʱհɣҲһó̡
ַס֮أʱϽʦ٣ַǰ
ڷпַ۾Ͻ۴ʦ٣ʱˣ΢ַ̤˷ᡣ
ǰҪ𣿡ַ㿴Ͻʦʵ
׼ˣǻҪæĻƳЩʱաϽʦ΢Цŵ
ǰѾⲻȥôƳ٣˵Ҳûʲô׼ģɡַ˵
ԼΪҲҪȥϽʦЦ£ʹַĿ΢һλżʦȻҪǰŶŶҪȻһλµǵۼʦ
λأǳɡϽʦٴο˵ѾַǴַĿɳۣŶңԵЩأҲû˹ʲôϾַԼ飬ַܲ˵ַ츳ǿΪȴʵڷ˳
ַ㡣ľѩӰƮַĿ⿴ֻʱľѩϴһǳɫĳȹԵøףں˳ͷ·ˮг㣬ɾϴ͵Ц⣺ɡ
ַ΢Цŵͷ漴һӰ˸뿪
˴ǰŶжʮˣ޳쾹ȻҲȺ֮УһЩ꣬Ϊɲ⣬ڴд֮ˣϽ۵ľżʦ
һ߳建ڿգַعͷľѩһۣ΢Цѩȥɣľһ
һ˵ģǰɣȵұءľѩҡͷַҲֻͬ⣬һҶŷ֮УĴȫʦȻȱٻġ
̤Ϲŷʱһ⸡֣һͬŷһʧϿգԶȥ
ÿٶȡԶ಻ͬλõӰ΢΢һŷٶȺÿ£߼ƷʵĻ
ңԶ֮أɫҲһ˵һЩǰŶôλǿߣûʱ̫࣬ĽŲһ̤ʱ··һ·֣ʹֱӵ䵽Զһһա
ַ˵⣬ŷ㽫ľѩ˫ע֮£ַǽʧ֮Уܿ㳹׵ûټ
ˣڴʱһɿӹʹľѩϵĳȹöɵɫ΢̧ͷȥȻȴֻһʥ֮˸ǹƣ·һӡ͹ŷһԷӰת۱㳹׵ʧӰ
ʲôˣľѩͷ΢΢£һλֲǿߣôڹŷ
ʱŷ֮ϣһϥŷٶȿ£ҪǰŶҪһʱ䣬Ͼľ̫Զˣʱ㹻ڹŷϱĿˡ
Ͻʦʱһֵĸо·һϢŹŷΪŷٶ̫죬ʹָоǺ·϶
١Ͻʦͷ΢ʱŷٶȸӿˣͬһһҪռ䶼ֲ紵˵ϣʹҪһǿܽԼס
ڹŷٵͬʱϽʦĿȴŹŷȥ˫ӷ·Ҫ͸ա
ǹϢǿˡϽʦ£˿Ѿܹȷ׷ˣңǴǳһֱ׷١
һʱŷٶȸӵĿгְɫļַɫ΢ĿϽʦĽٶ˿µĵز
˵ʵǸֱ˭ģӵһҳŷȫбˡַа˵ٶȣʵ̫ˣľ޽֪˶ٱ
ǰʲôˣַƺϽʦʵ
鷳ˣǿ׷ǡϽʦü˵ʹùŷϵһ׷٣
ʵǿôַһǿ߶׷٣һλżʦŷϡ
ֱٶ׷٣ǽŷʵԿ¡ǶԷʵǿϽʦҲˡ
ַۣͫȻ£һĨǳΪַ㣿
ǣӦ۷弶Ҷһ׷ǣɼԼʵšϽ۴ʦ˵ͬʱŷ߶ٶȣı׷ϷսĻսҪþܹʤ֪ͨǿҲ
׷ǵȷ۷ǿߣ˴˹֪ͨ޼õϢ٣³ǰ̽аձ㽫ַ£޼ȻûϵϢ˶Ѿ²⵽޼ַĿģҲµõΪǰǴǿߡ
֮ˣÿƣǣܼܿסַ㣬㲻޼ˣ޼Ҳһڣӿ
ŷٶȾô졣ɫ΢һƲŲøƵһһӡתƣÿ̤һӡơ
ˣ̤գʱضγһֲƣ֮ϣһͼͼ˲ϢҫҲһƬռ䣬ַͬƶ㣬ÿƶľԶַӵңԶ
Ͻ۴ʦٶزȴһλҶǲ޶⡣
ַɫһ˲޶⣬ôǳ
⡣ַ㶢ԶɫӲ޼ҵˣǾңԶ޼ǿҵ
Ҫ׷ҲûôסϽʦĮ˵ûͣ˼ԷĻš
ԼסƬ̡Ͻʦ˵˵˿Ҳ֪ԷĿģԷ׷ֻˣǺкܿµ衣
겻̤գ̣ʹɫ΢鴫ƳĻŷȻ޷׷ϡ
ұֻ֤Ҫַˣ֮ˣҲΪѡԶٶȴ³֮ǰַڣҲɱȻ棬Ϊַ㸶һС


1663 ϵȺ
ַ֮ͷ΢ȻΪ˿Ѿܹȷ޼ˡ
Ϊ̫ңԶᱻ޼ҵһǲСġַа֪ǣûнɽͨޱߵҪǵȷǼã֮£ڣһжϽʦľˣȻҪ޼ǿãȻԷõ޼֮ǰǲҪġ
ȻʹȺĿⶼַ㣬͸Ž֮⣬ǿȴвͬ뷨ʱĿϽʦһжһ֮ˡ
Ͻ۴ʦĿ˸ȻԺҲڷٵתţȴûгְ㲨ĿңԶ֮׷޼ǿߣַǿ䣬ҽ佻㣬ܡ
νסѩ̿ѣǴ˿ַ㣬ǰһб㶼ˣ֮ͬ˿ôַѴ˽٣Ǳȫһˣ۶Էܷ׷ԼܱסԼѡ񣬺ֶΪ
ߣԶһ֮겻Ͻ̤Ųƣչһ׷ս
Ĵ˿̵Ķľţÿ֮䶼ƶңԶľ롣
¿գããԭҰɽȥżеͿշ֮˿Ͽյ̲ͫס¶ɫϿȺ·δ̫ˣǰǴĿ죬̤֮ʱпֲâ֣·⡣
ھַǰǳңԶһƬطһߵɽ˿̣ʵ֮£̫֮ڴϣȻƬɽâȻȥڰȡ·ؼпֲӰٰ㡣
ңӰеĺڰ䡢İ·һĹſ˰㣬ɽֻǹĹǣ˿ǣڽıʹƬڰ֮Ӱ֡
һɿֲϢӺڰ֮йϵΪأʹż·ɽԵ˸ҿ벽ԶԶıܿԶ
ʱһλǿڶ֮Ȼʱͫ͵һȻ˸Ӱ˻ɽĶ֮⣬漴Ŀ⿴ûһеĺڰӰͫ¶Ȼɫ
ǡǿһλλʣȻǳϤ̤֮֮󣬶ܹӴɽӶܹٳһС磬ԽƿԽǿСԽȹ̣ȻָСԽԽãǲȹ̣ܱ˷ִݻٵûκε塣
˿ƬռŵĽֲ֮˼¡
ߡǿӰһȻڴ˿̣ɽ֮أһɿֲĺڰг񷣬һ쫷磬ؼĽ֮֮УĺڰӵøӵѸͬһɺڰ㣬ǿӰ˸ٶȻҪ¡
תۼ䣬ڰӰҪǿǿɫ䣬ڰӰ٣̲סһ
£ǿߵӰӰû·ƾʧ㣬ռ䴦ҲûӰӣ·ûгֹ
ǻɽ֮أµĿֲԽԽǿһⲻͣ˸ţ·ֹһڰһƬƬ⣬ͣĽԭĿռֱ״̬ãɽΧ֮ѾûκεӰҪôûҪôӶ뿪
ʱ쫷֮£˸ȻӰһ̨̳֮һɫͭףޱȸӵ·Ǻɫͭ棬Ȼһ壬һλ꣬һ˿ңܰ棬е쫷羡ͷϵĽںɫ֮ͭϣû塣
ڼ̨ǰһߵӰǶһЩϵķΣأЩ֣ǵĿ⣬˿˿Ķż̨ϵĺɫͭס
Ƭռֻܰкڰ쫷֮ûһ˵ΨоԵרעܶǴûô¶Լӵĵطû뵽ƬɽڲŽ֮ϣһϵڡ
壬ضǿĹȺڴ磬˶ԣϡ٣Ƕý֮صΰܹͨԦģ֮ͨˣֻͨʵʹý֮ǿȴͬһܹò׳
ԶĹŷԼ겢֪˵һϵȺ֣ڼ룬ùϵĽףȺһɾϼһ塣
ŷǰɽ֮أ˫׷ڳɫѿԷŷʹ޷׷ϡ
ڣ֪˶ãŷ֮ϵһλǿ߿ԶĺڰԼյУͫ͵£ʲô
Ͻ۴ʦĿ⳯Ǳȥ¶һĨɵɫ֪ʲô̫Զˣ޷ȷ
Ȼŷٶ̫ˣ˲ûйȥ̫õʱ䣬ΪλǿߵϽ۴ʦܵǹصĽ֮ͫ͵£ŹŷĲϿǹɸоԽԽǿ
֮Ͻ۴ʦԶԼײʲôˣɵһʱŷбǰУ׼ܿããɽ쫷С
壡Զŭһֲ˽ɽļž
̨ǰλȻ̧ԶĿ¶һĨ֮⣬漴ǵ͵һ˲Ϣŷ·
쵰Ͻ۴ʦһ߻һЩ룬ʲôΣȻ⾪˷籩¿յȺʹöԷء
ŷȻͣϽ۴ʦĿ⿴λԼǼ̨Χ龰ͷ˾޴ĲΣ壬һϵȺڽҪļ룬˴
Ĳ̤˹żЦݵ鶸Ȼ佩ΪҲʲôͷɵ΢΢£Ⱥ֮ѵǡضϵĽ壿
뵽˵½ĻԻͣ伣˺ܳʱ⣬û뵽һϵȺĳײ˶Է޼
ضϵĽ壬û䣬Ҳӵпµ


1664 
ŽλĿȴһԣֻôƽվ֮УŹŷϵԼ꣬ûκεİʾ
ϽʦιŽڽһַǳҪļ룬ȴĵ˶ԷԻѣֹϵȺΪλʣɼΪļɵ
ҵд֮£뿪Ͻʦλߵ˵еһλߵɨһۣ漴ƽĿڣԭأ𶯡
Ͻʦüͷ΢£漴ֻõͷɹŷ֮УôĴǣԷȻǲ뾪·ڽеļ룬ֻǰʲô飬ȵ֮˵
һʲôַĿⶢпֲķ籩УзҡϣԽϿԽֲͬħһ޾еһΰַҿ϶ǰǴûнӴģһδ֪
ǰ޼ǿ߶ɵȺڽȥǺڰͭе꣬Ǽ̨ܱߵĳĬ￴δеһֻۣվǣһɲĸоЩ˵ʵԶǼΪµġ
ַڴоĲ࣬Ȼ֪ʲôһȺ¿ȺΧĺڰ⣬ɸеţǺڰƺڸʲôµǲڰȥĻ·Ŀռ䣬һ޴Ⱥ䣬Ⱥ˿̱ţֻ¶һ̨Լػ̨ˣΪҪص
ѵһС磿ַаţ˿ʱͶһĿ⣬ʹַǳҲ״˿̴һʲô֮УǵȵȺǵļ룬ⲻҪˡ
еķ籩ԽԽ£·𶴴񷣬ңԶ֮ص˶ܹߵˣг˿µĺڶ·Ҫźڰͭס
ÿµĽ֮Ͻʦտֲ籩̫ˣŽҪʲô롣
ʱ¿ռ̨ܱߵǿ߶ͷеĿֲ籩Ŀ¶֮⣬·Ϊڴ
ֲ쫷籩ţ·ҪᴩȻʱһɿֲĽʹеķ籩Ȼըѣ޾Ľ֮쫷һĻʹ¿չŽȺȫĿ񷡣
ôʧܡЩ¶˼ʧɫܿ죬ᴩصȫʧһз·𶼹ƽˡ
ʧˡ
һ˴ͷɥ·һ֮°㡣
ŽĽƽ޹ʧܵģǽɵܵһֽ֮ĸšһλĿֻ̧𣬳һַֻ̣о嶼Ŀ⴩͸˰㣬·Ҫ׵Ŀ͸
ǱЩеһˡߵʹųܱ֮̈ͫȫһ˸ˣңеһˣ
һַ̣оһĿ·Ҫ͸Լ㣬ʹΪЩŽǿ߿ɲңԷȻɼеһ˶ơ
䡣һ촫Ǻڰͭеӹľ̤˿ϹһϯڰۣһϯɢĿ͸ſֲ֮⡣
ˡڵɨ̨ܱߵˣĵһѣûҪôء
Ļ󰵰ͷľȻò
аǱϣͨϵĽֱ֮ӹᴩأʹ̤ʾʧˣܳΪһһλɫ£ͨΰܹ֮ͨаֱӳɻʣҲͨһвõãаֻо޴ĺôϧȻʧˡ
еȺԷ̸ͷţȻֱӹᴩ֮ͨʱϣЩϵȺܱͨȵģӵ츳ơ
ȻаڷĿ͸ǿҵţһΪŽߣŽ۷壬ʰŽҫ
ĿתаȺĿƽޱȣ˵Ϊеһ˴˽ֻ˵ˣҲζһˣſֲȻ֮ƽ
ûһλ建ڿգеȺʲôԹڽɡ
лλˡ޼ŹŽ΢΢ͷ漴ַ㣬ңɴӦΪˡ
Ͻʦһʱ֮гһԲ֮Уſµķ֮
޼Ҫ䣬һҪôϽʦ˵
ȻҪԶ֣ҳȫǡ޼һ漴Ųһ̤գʱֲţӰȻʧһֳֻŹŷɱʵʵĴӡ͸貵ʥ֮⣬һץ֮ʹն·𱻶סˡ
նգϽʦŭһеԲ֮жʱַɳ޴ԲţǹɿֲնͬʱǴӡɱȥ
ͣնսӡֱ룬ȻȴԷǿ̤ÿһʹղ貣Ȼ䣬Ƭ֮ϳһ޴ޱȵĹƣַȫ̤ڹ֮ϡ
ֱ뵽ؼշУƬնַ֡ͷͲ޼˹Ȼó֮뵽ǿʢķУּԺԵľ棬Ͻʦܹ赲סԷҲӲ
飬ұãչģҪңǱԼַǣ֣˵ĵ׳ɺܲȶĻΪһ
ɫһ͸ҿַ㣬֣µ¶һĨ˵գ㱻ܣһȥ
Ҫ޼Уҿа취ţҪǰáַȻܾ˵Ĭ£漴ĵͷǺãһҪúõĻš
˵֮ʱֲĽɫչ̤ŵĽɫ𣬻Σַ棬ַ֮λǿ˲֪٣㾡һҲӲѶԷơ
Ȼڴʱֻһֻ֮УɫδַɫһһλŽߣĿϣڵԸҹŽϣɱ
ԷĻͷһַɫȴǲͣţŶңԷȴҪ޸аֻһֿܴڣԷݡ
ÿֲĹȺַͷ
ܡȻܾ
аߵ̸üͷ΢΢£ǰһˣֻһ˿ڵаһǿȺĺᡣ
һ壿аʵ
ѩ塣ߵ˵ʹаͫ£ΪŽ壬Ȼ֪ѩһǹŽûɣѩ壬ƺһʢʱڣ


1665 
ѩӿŮǣ͸֪֮١аĿϣʵô˵Ļǽ֮ѵҲΪ
ӦǰɣֻǣĪѩ֮壬ѵѩ֮ʹؼһƽɵϽ૵Щ˵УȻһλѩĴڣȻΪǴϽΪĴڣֻǣǰƺûй˵ȻҲû˳Թֻ˵Ҳ˰ɣ
ǣܹϽĽ֮ӦЩʵ˲ſԣѩ֮壬ǽ֮һ֣һλӰ˸ߣ˿Ҳ˼һ⣬ĿһֱϣǴѩ֮壬ǹŽҪӭȢҲô׵ģǿʢѩ岻ͬ⡣
޷⡣˵˵ѩ֮𣿡
鶷µĿⲻͣ˸ţѩ壬֮壿Щ֪м俪ʼС֮Уûˣֻĸڣַ㣬Ų磬ΪԼһЩܹϵļ䣬ʼָоļ䣬·һ˰㣬ʼ޷׵ͷš
ܻͬġַûеش𣬱ֶ˵
ôȷţ˵Ŀַһֱۣͬɱأصȵ㱻˴ˡ
ֱɱǶ˰ɡ䣬ɫƽĿȴһֱַ㣺ܹѩΪῴˣһ߼֮ˡ
һ֮ͨˣûдͼ塣ַƽ˵ǹŽ˵ҲûлɣĵѪϢȷͨѩһ㻹е
аοĿ⿴Ž壬ʵ
ˣûŮ˵ϰߡаƽ˵΢΢ͷ漴Ŀ⿴սˣʵȻҪϽʦǿֻϽʦȡֻܺͶԷԿĻܡ
౦Ȼпȡ֮У˳ս˶ӵĻɿսϵȱʧҲûʲôû
ƽ˵ְͣɡ
ߵϽʦȻսĿ⳯
ΪʲôҪ˶ʵΪҪַ㡣
õ޼ǰĴУҪûȥƽ˵
޼ĴмȻ˵õˣ޼⣬Ҳˣڣ뿪ɡƽ˵ʹɫһԵмѿ֮⣬׷ôգô뿪ȥ֮Ҫν
ߣ뽫⣿Щʹͷ΢£ȻŽǰ˵ǡ
˵գĽŲ̤ת˲ȥûа֮⣬֪ʱʲô飬Žˣǵģֻԡ
Ͻʦ˿عͷ˵лǰ
ˣˣɡ˺˵ʹϽʦɫһпЦŽˣǽ
ַЩˣŽ˹Ź֣ղŻв˿ֽ̾޼뿪
ǶҹŽͼհɡ˶ַ˵ʹַɫӵˣ仯δҲ̫Щɡ
ϽʦĿ˸ŷâѩˣδ뵽ַߴŶҵ˾ȻѩˣλŮӣѩŮӶòǣѵڸݵԭô
ַ츳Ϳ£߱ʣѩŮΪˣѾǶ£Ժַ֮·һἫΪʣҪôѹɾһ֮á
Ͻʦаһѩ壬һԿֲѹɣǿһȻŽǰǿįѩ壬ڻǼֲġ
ڹŽַǰŽͣܺ⣬ѩ˲Ϊ˵ĻȻΪѱȽϺãԲŻַǰȥ͡
ŽΪϹűһֱڣ߳ĹϽ壬ǽģ˶˲мһˣΨΪѩˣž߱ǰŽ͵ʸ񣬶ѩŮӦúַ£ŽаͬԶཻ
齫ĿͶַ㣬ַĿⶢˣŽǿʢˣұ仯ô죬ܾĻ˭֪ԷʲôңϵĽ壬ҲΪȤ
ǰ룬ԵңֻҲŮˣҪһǰġַĵ˵ʹùŽɫһͣĿַһۣ漴¶һĨЦ⣺ãȻ
ͷַһﹻݣһλѩŮѣȻͬʱӵŮˣ湻
ַ㣬ǰŶĻʱҡϽʦַ˵漴һ̤Źŷȥ
ַ㡣΢΢һЦ߰ɣǹŽǺܾˡ
ַŹŽȺһ¿̤ȥȵǽڵ֮󣬶ʱϿյĺڰⷭƬɽĺڰ·ڽȥ˵Žһһжָƽ˾ʱһߵɽ·ûзʲô㡣
ŽУַ㿴Լ屻ᣬǵһƽ֮ԼһƬ֮£Ԥϵһ޴ȺȺչһȣԹŽѪΪŽȵߡ
ַ㣬㿴ҹŽΣߴַ̤·ĹŽǱַʵ
¡ַ³ŽǱеȺǿģ洦ɼ͸ɲϢֹϵȺǵȫţԳֲѹ޼ֵۼʵڹŽǰƢûС
ȥѩûУ΢Цʵ
ַҡҡͷѩ壬ȫİ
Ӧ֪ɣѩΣ˶ʵ
Ҫ滰𣿡˵ʹɫһͣ漴ЦȤĺ󱲣ȻҪ滰
Ҵṳ̂ѩ塣ʹ˵Цѩ嶼δ̤ѩ֮ˣ
ܣ˽ɵ˽
ɷѩ֮壿ٴһ
˵ָѩĻôҵȷǡĻʹ̣ͫѩ磬塢ѩ硣
Ϊѩ磬Ȼ˵Լṳ̂ѩ壬˸оЩ˼飬ܿ·²⵽ʲô㣬Ŀзâ¶
ʱǱ룬¿գ̧ͷ
аˣôûͻΪʣĿ¶ɻɫַ˽ڵصʱһӰ̤սΧĿⶢַŽܾṳ̂ˡ
ϣʲôˣʸ̤塣һλ궢ַ㣬в֮
ַ㿴ЩŮһԵЩۣŮʵǿЩ϶ŵĽ֮⡣


1666 ֮
ˣ·壬ǽҹŽͼա΢Ц˵Ǽλȴǿ֮Ϣַ㼸ˡ
Ȼͣ뿴ǵʵΣܹʸΪˡղĿַ㼸ˣս֮⿪ʼֱַȥ
Уͣ˲ͷ¶βǺ⡣һλòŮ߳һĿ⿴ԼĶˣΪá
ַ㿴һ۹ŽλߣֻǶĬϴŵЦ⣬ֹЩ֮˵ĽŽڴ˶꣬Žµɻʱ߶ģЩһˣҲǳȥʱˣֵѪʢ֮ʱսѪҺڷڡ
ϲĺսȻǻЩ񣬵ҪһḶ́ңŽ˱ҲΪԼȺ
Ķȡ˶ң⽫ժ£¶ǵıݣȻ˹Ž壬˵ȷòĿʾˡ
˵òʱŽ궼ͷ˿ֻоһޣŮˣ飬ͬһһЩҲ֮ˣ˪ͬ¹֮
ѩŮ˽Զò鴫ϧѩҹŽϣ֮¡߿ò֮а⣬ѩѩ磬Ȼ⣬ѩڲҲôƽأѩĴԣ߱ʵԡ
ŽһЩŮòҲӢ֮¶֮ʱʱԵЩȻʧɫЩ
ûϢһλŮԵĿֱ飬ɵõһסٶȷ
ЩСһ΢΢һЦĿⲻ䳯аһֻۣа䣬ҪҪ첻٣Ǽͣ޷ױҡ
ˣֻǱŮ˵Ųһ̤ڿգĿ¿ַ㣬Į˵ҿʸΪˣһս
ַ΢΢̧ͷе꣬꼶ʮѾΪˣ֮аϱҪѷɫ١
Ž֮ˣ֪óַŲһ̤¡һ岽֮С
ְɡŽַ㵭˵ַŲǰƣƮ岻һɿֲƹǰɱ¾ħȭɨ͸գֱԷֲħȭʢʹɫ΢£漴һʱռ֮һɫâɱ¾ħȭ֮ϣûзײûУʧ
ǣı֮ͬװ㣬ʹַɫ΢£Ž壬ֵͬһռ㣬ȻĹûȥʹùڵĿռбѣһ졣
ǿ΢ЩȣַĹ⣬ɱ¾ħȭƿգħâᴩա
ַ㵭һЦɱ¾ħȭٶȺһ˫ͬʱɱ಻ʹճħݣƬպƶſµħ֮⡣
˫裬ʱţϵûһħȭʹַиΪȣù죬ֲɱ¾ħȭ̵ֱڶս֮ʱⲫĹûԷܹһ
ŽҲôùɱ¾ħȭڲϱѣֲ徹ϵĺʹɫ΢΢£Ȼһ˹
ܵѩһԸŮ˹ͬӵУȻзǷ֮ħ֮ǿʢ۷壬һȰУǿʢ֮ͨˣһ˲Ϣû㻹
Žλа˵֪ѩ֮壬δ̤ѩ壬вɵһЩ룬˿ÿַʵΡ
֮Ҳɣ㲻Ҷַ֡ƽ˵ɱ¾ħȭʧ̼䵴Ȼ޴棬ַֻ㸺ֶƽޱȣ·˵һ֮£ʹо⵽ӡ
߳һŭȣӰȻǰУţֲּ֮
ַɸֶվһԷӰ٣΢΢£΢˫ȭͬʱƿգͬŭڿգɱ¾ħȭֲָ̺֮⣬·ƿһС
ơַշѹڶԷ֮ϣֱӳУֲ֮˺һУ¡һը죬ʱϵɢȥ
ǿƿˡŽ֮ɫ΢˵Ĺǿᣬ֮֮ͨǿ֪٣һȭƿ֮磬޵סһ֮
һоַֹɱ¾ȭâ²ݣֱӶţֻҪһ£Էˡ
ɫ΢Щ԰ףû뵽ܵôס
ʵǿܶࡣĿַ㣬ƽ˵
ַɱ¾ħȭʧַ㽫ַЦǳͬˣԺս
ȷ⣬֮ͬ˹ǿ̫ˡ֪ԼΪζܣַʵȷʵǿܶࡣ
һʧûʲôֻһĥս²ܹġŽϵ˵΢΢ͷһ̣һַ̤ǰһս
ַĿ⿴ǹŽϣֱֳĬɵ΢΢һЦԷ׼𣿡
սɡǹŽƽ˵ȻĻ䣬ֻһɨգʹɫȻһ˫Ȼһ֮ʣȻ˿ȴֻоĳַӰʧǰͷϣֲȭֱӶš
΢΢鴤£ɫӲޱȣ֮ȥоǷϣ⻹ûսأֱˡ
ǵˣַƽ˵ӰƮˡ
֮ռ֮ŽĿⶢַ㣬ƾٶȣŽ֮µˣܹȵϣںϣܻΪ磬ʹһһ
ҵ͹ˡŽаĿ⿴ԵаЦǿ޷ԳľûȤԣ
а΢΢ͷַʵҲЩҪѩϲˣûܹһսʵ
аվַǰ֮ʱһɳصѹȻ併٣ʱַֻоԼԵһͷԶŵľޣǳ׺ݣ˫ڵӼΪ£ΪŽ壬սԲλܹģ


1667 һ֮
аҪһսʱȺĿգ裬μң˵Ǽ䣬ס
аһս𣿡һλŮǵһλַսܵʵаǹŽ壬пܳΪδĹŽЩ츳ǿĹŽѪ֮˶޷ᲢۣԼаǰսһϣֻаǹƣܹѹȵ޷ս
ʵȷǿͰԵɲа֡˵аս̫ˣûһܹаȫս
Ů΢΢ͷŽ壬ܣַ㵹ҲǿаƣȻܹƽȻĿⲨûа
ַͫ׽ڣֲħ־˫ħ֮ͷţſµֱаһĻʹаͫһ漴˫Ҳˡ
ͣ͡ղֻа˫¶ɣַĿע£Ƿ·һ˫ͨ۾У֮У˷·ҪУַеħ־·û֮УҲ·Ҳʧ
˵۾Ȼаʹó˽֮ͫ¿յ꿴һĻа֮ͫΨйŽѪĵϵӵܲŻӵУΪ£ǵ˺ڣܹһ۽ٲ֮أ֮ͫС
ַ˿̱оԼͫ־Ҫݽȥ΢вǿ츳Ž壬аӵһ˫µ۾ܹûͫ
ֿµַͫвϵݽȥ˫֮ͫ׷·޵׶㣬ַĽŲ̤˳ȥһֱŶԷ۾˿˿˯֮⾳ʹаĽ֮ͫ΢һƲ˵ħ֮УͷŸвܴǴĻܱܿһۻסӶշѹ
ˣȻ䣬ַ㽵٣ɱ¾ħȭ˫ּţħ졣
а˫ͫһɨħȭʱн⸡֣շ·Ťᴩյɱ¾ħȭаȥ˿̵ƽվǣַӰٵǰ
ѣַһȭɱҪƿһУаһʱ֣һַĴѹ·ԱߵĽһŶȥŤ
նһâ磬˲ϢնɱֱаĿ쵽ۣΣա
а˫ٶͷſֲ⣬ŤһĽ߽ǵâʹǿĽâȻüΪ漴аָһɢ⳹ʧ
ַĹȴûаĳиŽ˿ֲʵеаսܵģûа֮⣬һâɱͬʱѹٴν٣׷󴿴Ѹͣ졢ǿԷĽܹ߽֮빥ǸԷ㹻Ӧʱ䣬ǿĹҲܱ߽
аͫзâţȻ䳯ǰĴʱֲ⸡֣гһֲͭľݺݵĳǰ˹ȥ
䣡ֲķ籩Űַˣֻоֱ۷顣
ĿаֻԷķ·øӿޱȣһž޴ͭľڼͷͬһԶް㣬۶ɵĹľǻ֮࣬ҶԷصĽ֮۶ɵͭľֻǻûʵʡ
аĽ֮ǿʢֵزǹŽ壬ȵΪʣǻ˵áͷֻаž޴ͭľǰ̤һɺ޵ϢԵʵշѹַϣԷɲܹԽ빥ͬóԵĽ
ַܣһɳصĽ⽵٣ַǰһ޴ؽ۶ɣɣֲ̺֮⣬ֳַ־޽ͬǰ̤ɿֲϢмײһɿµС
˵ԽԽڣͭľ;޽ͬʱ˳ȥµı֮ÿռ䶼ľ;޽һ飬ǹľ⾹һޣַ͵ɹȥ
ַӰˣʱ²а˫֮Уǿʢ
ǹŽ޵ĽδɻʾܹԳһˣһܻ۳ɽַ֮аȷʵ£ĹѾ㹻ǿˣȴû취շѹԷ
óǿһɣҿռʵа˵ʱһɿֲѪ֮һɹɿµĽӶԷ˷ȥ·ҪƬն֡
а۳һֲӰŽľ޴аͬһ㣬̺֮ƬսХغƶҪᡣ
аѾܹۿս磬ˡŽϿһĻа¶ο֮ɫǴս֮ͬУܹŽսȻַٶܣаҲκβ
ҪܣҲὫҿǿа˵ֲĽ۳˸ӿµɫףب֮ϣ·һ档
ãҲ֣ǿ̫Ļû˼ˡַ΢΢ͷƽ˵ʹùŽȺ¶һĨŹֵɫ
ߣһǲ֪ô˵ĲҹŽǲ֣ڡһλŮ˵
Բѵļһ˵аĹ̫
Ⱥ׷¶֮ɫǿаǹŽ壬Ȼܹշѹַ㣬ԸַѾǸַˡ
ãҳȫ㡣аƽ˵֮УаĿֲӰȻӴ彫صŹУǹŹףһ֮
塣ַͫһʶ޷ģаȻܹ
һħӰַ۶ɣͬϹŵħͷַ˫ǰ۳һֲڰ֮޷죬һ֮ҲҪն
ţȺܵɿ½⣬ʱɫ΢ÿµħԾصħ⣬֮񣬷·ҪƿƬ񷡣
ɱаŭһʱһ֮״ѹȶ£ҪһжΪ춼ҪᣬҼѸ͡
նַŭХһֻһڰ֮ն죬ŵһɲǣ졣
ֲͣھ޽ɨգؼһڰеһŹ֮ϣʱ촫Źмһֲѷ죬ڵĽâӲն˽ȥһ֮
аɫһ漴͵һ
ֲɢȥعаڣǿµĽӰҲʧַƽվǣɢĿ⿴ǰаӰ
һĬЩŽĳ϶סˣһ̫ޡ
ãǿ󣡡ãа³һ¶һĨЦݣĵڶ˿ֲͬǿߡ
ȻַʵȻõаأ


1668 Ž̬
ŽһȺ¶˾ɫһնһ֮۶ɵŹףɼ乥ж¡
˵ǺˣܹҹŽаһսȺгһʣǰǹŽͣżȻˣҲǴͷ֮ˣôôǿ
ΪŽЩҲͷַһں˶ְ޷ֻ֮·ϵһ𣬳ɾһֻһ޷ֽ֮⡣
ӿҲӵʡһλŽа漴̤ǰһ΢Цַ㣬Ҳ֮˰ɡ
ַ㿴ߣ²˵ЩʲôԷҲˡ
ҳСطֻΪӵʮʣøָ㣬ղСгɾͣȷʵšַƽ˵ʹɫ΢ʮ壬ѹҸоѾ˶ְһӦǶذںһ۵һɡ
ȷ˲ַٰ΢΢ͷ
ܽôİһҲ΢΢ͷаӵеһ֮Ѿ൱ͨλʵһ֮ˣһƿаĽףζҲһλͨλʵС硣
ַԷĻ΢һ˿ԭˣаνһ֮൱һλͨλСĽ֮ô˵аδɻʣѾܹһ֮һСˡ
ѹѩ尮Ľȷй֮ʮ壬ǿԣЩ˿Զཻ¡΢Ц˵ַܹаս̶ֳȣɼĿ֮Ҫǣַ㲢ǳţȻҲóַħžȻǷǳĹžǵ۾ԤǣַԺĳɾͱȻҲܿ¡
ǰˡַ˵ȴ˰֣΢Цַ㣬й֮ԺǲһɱŮˣѩʵܹġ
ַ˻üͷ΢΢£ѩ壬صĹ壬ʵӦǷǳµģΪΪѩ壬ȴһСУֻһѩĸߣԭġ
ǰѩʵжǿַһ
ǿ󵽲ģѩһʢʱڣҹŽȴûڣѩжǿ΢Ц˵ʹַоӭӿһǿҵѹŽϵ˼ѩȹŽ廹Ҫࡣ
Žʵ޼ȴɼж£ҿĿ¶ֻǱɽһǣԶĹȺǵȫַа⣬뵽ĳоԴЩ飬ѩ尡ȷ֮·һ޴蹵
ңѩѩĴھ½ֻҪѩżص˶֪˵ʲô¶˷֣澭սĻ˿ܱ뵽ݣңҲһЩǿһܹԣûѩıʺ߶һЩ֮ˣ¾ͻΣˡ
Žƽ˵ʹַ˸ʵǰ˼ǣ
ԸĻҿҹŽңҹŽǿ߻ɳҲȷ԰ȫŽ΢Ц˵ʹַͫ΢΢һŽϣ֪˾Ǻ⡣
Ǳô
·ַеĻɣٴοڣַ㣬ǼλҹŽͣʵҲõϿɣаԳΪѣ׼һͬУڹŽ壬İΣɷģҵݣҪǿҲ׾ٵ飬ֻǿǱ޴ķϣҪһأҹŽҲкôϾҹŽҪҪһЩڵ
ȻǲͬĻҾǿֻСһЩϾѩݱȽС
ַߵĻͷ΢йŽ˳ְ飬ĳɳȷо޴ôģϾŽѩͬΪϵȺԷҲû˵ʲôΪĻֱӸŽҪ˫֮£ŷ
ˣַʱЩĶģߣûĻᣬֻʹ츳ܵơ
аĻѵǰİΣ𣿡ַ
аҹŽرܹԱң˭ҶҹŽ壬ÿܷܵǴۡ˻Ӧַ㣬˼аͬаҹŽ壬Ž幩ţΪѩȴδѩ壬ûв´ĻѩڲìйأԼһ£ȥΣհɡ
ַ˵Ļüͷ£ѩڲìܣ㣬Ҳ뵽˵Ļ鱻С磬пǱΪ˱ĸҲҪʥݣָʥݣӦǴˡ
ĸпѩһλŮ鰲Σһֱչ顣ַв²ţѩ磬ͨѪֲ޷
ϵĻԺúÿ£Ҳ岻ͼı죬ֻὫΪϱаҲ˵͸ſ϶֮⡣
¡ַŹŽ˵Ŀ⿴һۣǵĲ²ȷǱ¶ȷдΣգô˴ζŽ壬ŽҪǲǸԺַȻҪǰһЩ֮Ǵģǿڶֲ࣬Ҳ٣㲻ôˡ
ȻǿҹŽһЩʱգĴߣҪ뿪аһҹŽ壬óȥˡŽ΢ЦŵаǰҹŽĴ
áа΢΢ͷַ㣬ǵһҹŽ壬ҴǿҹŽ崴Ľ硣
лˡַ΢ЦɻʣȻҲҪԼСģŽ޽֮ǴĽкβ֮
ߡаڿգַ˷ֱϣת˲ʧⱤݵУЩϿַʧӰ˸
㽫ѩһλߵղ˵ߣʵ
ȻҹŽô꣬һλ壬аҪһЩѣҹŽҲҪѣַʮ屾ΪһʣҪܽʮһǿںһʮеٮٮˣԺĳɾ޷Ԥ⣬ѩ壬˭֪ܳɳһڿƶʲô󣬻Ƕ߳Ƶʹþƶ
ˣѩǱߣһЩǡ
鶼ֻܿ²⣬Ժٿɣֻ֮ҪһЩ۰ѩһأʧܣҲܵûʲôϵƽ˵ʱҲ˵ʲô


1669 
Žһ缫ȺԶҪַܶ࣬±ҲȻŽǷչ˲֪ΪλǱó֮㷢ֳɰ˻ľһ綼ô֡
ַǸղŵĵطǹŽǱʵձǿʢַ߳㷢ֹŽҪǿʢһЩЩߵģеѪ֮˵Ѫϱϡɥʧ˹Ž츳ͳˣֻйŽһֱǿѪС
аŽóý֮𣿡ַƶ˿ַа֮ʶҲĽ̸
ȻҲֻΪǹŽ壬֮ǿʢԵ΢ԼҲ󲿷־֮ϣĹŽ֮ˣ˽֮⣬ɺһ֮ͨ뵽֮УӸǿЧῴˡ
а΢ЦŻӦַһս֮ϵǹɰҲԵЩ˲١
֮ӵн츳ȷӦһЩѾﵽʾĵزˡַ˵֮ǳаȻΪӵн츳ȻҪ
ҹŽһЩǿǿһ޷߱ǲͬҹŽ֮һĿƽ֮֮ڹа͸һ֮⣺Ϲ֮ʱҹŽʢŽľǿߴ磬ӵһˣңС磬ҹŽȱ졣
һǻжǿᡣַĳŽĶʢʱڣȻǼĿֲɡ
һӰǰַֻоռе¶ڽȣ̫߶øĴԽԽǿҡ
ô£ַ˵
ҼǰͻˡаصЦַĿ⳯ǰԶȥȵ¶оͬ˿ŵĻ¯а㡣
̫ŽǰУַͫ΢΢£ֻԶ·м̫ڰа㣬ֲĳ֮Ǵﴫġ
ôᡣַɫ΢΢̧̣ͷȥҲһ̫ǣȻ֪̫õģǣǰм̫ǡ
ڣַ˽ӽ֮Ŀ˺üֳ̫ڿգޱȾ޴̫·ڣֲ̺֮⡣
ǣַ㶢ǰļ̫ͷ΢΢š
磬ҹŽǿߴĽ磬ңֻǽһֶѣ̫Ž硢Ž磬ֹŽŽǿóķںһ𣬶ңŽǿߴĽ磬Ϊаƽ˵̫Ž̺»֮ҹŽһλߴģǽ̫ŽֱһУܹһǻ̫ŽĽ֮һΪ󡣡
ַвǰʵСʱߣܴݻٸɽնϺ񣬹ŽĴߣ״ݻһ嫳ǳأȻûдǿ߻еֵزǼҪҲµĽǿݻԼĵˡ
ҪȥŽ𣿡аַ㿪ڵȴַ΢΢ҡͷ
գȥ㣬Σַа
Ҳãڸղе˳ҲϵĽ顣а˵ձתȥǷǳѡ
аӰʧַĿ⿴飬Ц飬ʲô뷨
ַ㣬ϣڹŽɡܹµַ飬ڹŽ壬ܹİΣͬʱйŽĿֲǿ߰ʵǳַ㵱ȻԸ⡣
һֱĬĬߵĻᵢĳɳͬŽ˵ǰ㣬ѩ壬ƽӹңȷΣգڹŽ壬ҿʱ㡣ַ΢Ц˵
ַ㣬漴΢Ц˵ͷãġ
鲢뿪ַ㣬ֻǣ޷ǰһַˣΪַ׸Ȼѩ壬ӵбǿǱŬϧԼ츳ǿԺܸõİַ㡣
Щļ䣬һ£Ҫ⿪ңŽҲɣַˣȥǡ
ַһֻĸϣ¶һĨ΢ЦŽ壬ϣܹѩַôһֱĬĬ棬ȷǱˣֹڵĳɾ̫ͣǱű
ȻŽĽӵǿĽѩ壬ñŶԡ
ַ̧ͷһʱƿնֱӴ͸˻棬̫֮硣
˸֮ӵпĸǽַ꣬ҪԼһɳ̫֮ͨ嶼ǻ棬ϴٶȴǿ潣꣬콣
ȥַӰڿգֱӲ̫Ž֮Уȵ̫ͬ¯˿ʹַо嶼Ҫȼհ㣬˳̫ŽȥַȻ澹ֱ̫Žмȡ̫֮
һ֮жֲַе̫ŽĹŽߣ̫ˣ޷жǿ
ңԶ֮ʱŽľǿܹ磬֮߱˲
ַſģĿ̫ŽıԵ֮һ
ֱַ֮뿪ͬһŽַ㷢عŽ磬ʱ̤һȴ֣һŽ磬ʱɽȴֱӲһռ䣬ɽΪһ磬Ϊδ֮ûнַ֮޷ֱܳӻŽУǴŽ˷չŽ磬ܽ
˹Žɽӣַ˲Żص˹ŽǱУҵаԼŽϡ
ַ㣬㿼Ǻ𣿡Ž϶ַ΢Ц׼뿪Ļаͬһ𡣡
ǰ飬ŽշáַŹŽ΢΢Ҫ齻ԷַȻҪ
ãַ㣬ױãİɣҹŽûǿʢҲ꣬ѩ壬ҹŽᾡȫͬԴһǿҡ쳾ɾѩ֮𡣡΢ЦŻӦ
ǰַõϵĵطȻԱ
ҪúñǿŽ΢Цַ㣬Ǵ뿪ͣһʱգ
ڱȥַ˵
ǺãаַһȥɣûҪ֮£ûˡŽ峤аһаȥйŽǿ߸ţĬĬĳȥʽԹŽݣȥ½


1670 㺮
֮УӰǰУǰַԵΪĬ
ַԣַģ˿˿ů⣬ַ֪龭˶٣Զܹȵģ˷ⲻ˸Уַ鶼Ը뿪ԷȴȻͬľֻǶȷģѩ壬ܳţҪŽһֲɳ
Ž壬ʧġаַ֪뷨Ŀǰ˵Ŀһ䡣
ҼȻڹŽ壬ȻιŽģֻЩǣҡַ΢Ца˵ͷǰŶ֮ʮ֮֮һǿڶ࣬ȽȴŬȡճɻʡ
ַЦûж˵ʲôа˵Ƚʵڡ
ַٶȻ޷ŷᲢۣһ·;ǼΪңԶַڽϣ¿յķ羰;ǴǱ׷ͬƣ϶ȾһɫԵ÷糾͡
ż·֮ˣϢǿᣬɨߣַҲᡣ
Ŷʮ֮֮һ֮һǣ֮嫼Ǿʮʮ۹ʢ
Ŷ֮⣬һźˮ峺ˮ沨ƽš
˿̣ΧŶһ޼ʺУ˿˿ĵ̨ͤйŷۣ湫̤С˺裬֮Ŀ
֮ϵգַǷ糾֮⣬Ŀ򣬲ɵĿ¶ɫź֮ģһŷᵴˮΧһо޴ͤΧ
Щ˵Ǻˡַ㿴·£˵ƮУտĳϴģʹ̺֮⡣
֮俴Ʒ£ȴа֮ģ־СַҲͨɣܱа֮Ԣ⡣
Ұĺܴ֮־ԶĿа۾˵漴ĽŲ͵ĳǰһ̤ȥ
Ŷַ㳯Զһۣ漴Ŀ⿴ģ΢ЦҲȥ
˵գ̤£ٺ֮ϣĵ򣬹ŷϵĸţһҳҳ֮ϣӰϣңȺ֮һϢַܹоõˣԷǷ֮
ΣַѰ¡ַаĿ⳯з̨ȥһ裬ַ㾪̾ǣЩ֮ΪҲǳǿһ⣬Ϊʵ֮ˣǷ糾Ůܹ
㺮ɡ뷲һǡ֮˳źƮַĿת㿴̨ǰ꣬һϯۣʮָ޳
乫ӹˡͤϣһλŮͬϣ֮޷糾֮⣬Ψǳ֮ʹַ㰵̾һ
·ˮƮ˵Ůǰȹɾɴ棬ͬˡ
̲죬˸٣աһλҡȣɫ𪣬Ե÷ΣǳЦ˵֪㺮ںʱ֣ҲҵлڣԼӡ
Īǰ׹Ը㺮ɴŮӺЦ˵Ŀ⳯˵֮Ͷȥ˫¶ﲨĶ
Ķ㺮ҲĸԸ꺬Ц˵ްΧ΢΢£㺮ڹȻʧǧ꣬ٴγ֣仹ǰǾ㶼ϵãɼǴδʧ
Χ궼ĽŹ㺮ڿŶŶеĲٿ֮׷ˣȻ㿴ʧѾõĹ㺮裬ȴ˸ߴʤ֮ом䡢ˡ
ǹ㺮ڡаͷ΢㺮޷ŽᲢۣŶҲĸʢŮƣޣǴ˿ڷͤ趯ŮӣҲǷ
ַŶ˽⣬㺮ڵǰеĹ㺮ƣȻ߲Ტۡ
СŮӱڹ㺮еλˣ֮󣬹㺮ڣŶŮӻ˵·β촫ֻͤźг£Ƭ֮󣬱ȫûˮʧЩ㺮ڵŮӣҲȫʧȥټ
˲δе֣ҡҷ沨
Ϊ㺮ơа˵ͤʧ˿˿ң乫ӵûͣϢŶķǰС
أôƵᣬΧ֮һǿѹ֮ʹܹ乫һǰе˽٣˷׷
һ˴̤ǰУŷӿ죬ȴֻ乫һңʱһɿֲٷͬһֲشڶԷͷͬʱˮƣ˳ӿҪԷĹŷݻ١
Ϣţ۹Ļ΢ʱǰˮ̲ǰ촫ٶȻعˮС
һӰ̤ǰУٵĳǰӿ乫Ҳͣʱ˷ÿһַ·̺ܣ·йִӡ£һɫӡֻǿֲŷ塣
ǳΪȻ˿̻ɱһɿֲɱԼԼ۹Уٵһйַȫ
䣡һ·ٷ飬۱ûʱԵЩɥֹͣ˼ǰУվԭؿǰӰ
Щ˵Ǻ£ںֱд衣ַа̤ǰУ΢Ц˵
˴֮඼ŶһĽܳò׻һһ֮ڹ㺮ҲԵøߵǱ̭֮˻ӦһĿ⿴ǰ
ʵʵҪдԵеֻ˵Ľ棬˱жѡַ㵭Цһ԰Ҫɣȴء
ַĻɫһӳַа¶˿˿ɱ⡣
аܵɱĿתͫԨ㣬ʹһ
ǰŶɡаƽ˵漴ڿն𣬲棬̤ǰУ硣
Ȼ̤·¿֮ͷϿ֮ʱȻһɱ籩񷣬ٷֱͬӺаͷʹǵ඼΢΢£ͬʱһֲˮ֮ιӡ֮ϣҪַûС
аһʱһɿֱֲֲûͬʱֲ¶ˣƬᵽ֮У¡һ¿ղαѣһƬռ֣ʹ¿ճһУ˶ǹת
͵һ󣬶ʱбѣˮʹݴȺںзȴӿаģ˽ŲǰУתۼֻʣ¼Ӱӡ
ͷɫòƽ֮ͰҲ棬ĿңԶӰĿ˸
Ž˾Ȼˡ૵漴¶һĨЦ⣬ŶԽԽˣ


1671 
Ŷȡ֮ƺΰŶ֮һſ죬񷡣
ַ̤Ŷ֮УնУһȥ嫹Ŷ֮۵ף·һķȺ齨ɡ
Ŷǿһȥᷢ洦ɼһȺͬʹ㷱ǿʢŶ嫳̶ȲһĻʹƴնɣƽ֮ˣעֻܳΪŶͣ޾Ŷ֮УûǵĽ䣬γǶ޵һּңҪŶռһϯ֮أҪǿʢܽһԱ֮㰭ۿɽ֮ݻ٣ĴַԽǿĵطԽ¶ɡ
ַ㣬ŶҪǰ֮أаַһ
һطǰʱлȥַ˵ŶһĿıΪǵط
ǺãҰݷһλŶǰɣܹӴŶϲа˵ΪŽ壬ҲǰȻԷŶӵвСŽ۾
ͬаֹŽ֮ˣǽӴȺҪôӵпֲҪô츳ʵܵõϿɣЩһ֮˲˷ʱ䡣
áַȻܾŶܹӴһЩǿ߲ϵŶжǿᡣ
аᣬⴳãһֱڹŽڣֻǰŽ߶ģȴԹŽݳ
壬ŶдѾãһϵңΪЩΪʱ̫Զϰ߽ǳΪ壬ߣЩ壬ɳʥ壬ζֹʥۼǿߴڣ壬ǹеʥ壬ϣǿ
ʱаַĵطǲ塣
ԣ̺֮⣬óʵǲַ֮а򵥵Ľ˲֮ͷݣʥۼ壬ǳֲˣ޼ǿ¶ֻңа˵Ŷʥ壬ɾֻвһңɼʮ֮֮¡
ѩȣųƲѪԵͶԣóıǲ֮ϧûһõĳѪ֮壬ǳɳʹͬˡַа˵һ˵ĳǷǳҪģȻ˵õ˾һȳ΢֮Ҫǿֻע̫·ͬԼһߵһǶôףЩ˶ԣŴۼǿߵѪɳ׶ˡ
ַ㲢ԼľЩĥ¶ǿ·ϵĻʯ
֮⣬ַȻػڲ֮˴ɫף£ԵüΪϣʵǿ
СѾһˣ壬ֻŵġַпЦֵȼ࣬˺
ͨǰһ˵аǰݷáа˵ʹһͫĿ¶֮⣬аˣ裬ǲ嵱˾ֱ
аַҲЩҲӣԷֻ۷Ϊȴֱ֮ĻôͿǿֲˣҲͬΪʥˡ
ԵƬ̡һĴаһۣ漴֮У⼸ֻѰ˵ȣˡ
˽ûжãһṲ̊ЩŮʱǼͫ΢΢ĿаһۣȻǴˣһΪܳһӳӭӡ
ǰ˵һӣأȴɾ࣬иӲƸᲢã΢Ц֮ʱʱԵһ¶ǲ֮һǿ߲ХŮҲǲĺ꣬ȴ֮µˣȫаһȻǿ˰ŵġ
ἰа֣һȻǷХδЦ˵͵Եƽ׽ˣаߣаԶڣȺ򡣡
˵գĿⲻ⿴ַһۣ΢Цŵͷ򵥵ĶȴҲûпȥѯʲôȻаһǹ͡
ХаĿ⿴ŲХ³
û뵽а־ϵҡХ̧ŲŲȥЩа̾ǿˣХӭȺִһλǿߵҲˡ
ǹʥ壬нԶޱɣһ˽ݵһ֮أ˵Ѿþ磬˻ڴˣַȥԶΪǿߣаʥ̫ˣ֮Ǿˡ
аֶ嵱վǰа̤ɵ¶һĨ΢Цƽ֮УַоϢҲԷʵ
ղǰɸʤаҲ¶һĨЦ⣬һĽӷϯɵЦǰ˿
ֶҲͣӦõģϯɡ躬Ц˵ָλ׵һλãԹ֮Դ
а΢΢ͷϯλȥַ˸ţʱХ߹ָźϯλλһ𡣡
ַŲһͣǰаعͷҪ˵ʲôȴַ΢Цá
ϯʱأȷûʱλûаĹŽݡ
а΢΢ͷаҲû˵ԼλãХַָ㵽ĩ˵ϯλͲЩһ
ַ϶һλŮŮĶǲХһΪס
ҽв£أŮַ΢Ц˵ЦºԵк
ַ㡣
ҲǹŽ֮ˣЦʵ
ַ΢΢ҡͷǡ
ǣ¶һĨɫôаһ𣿡
·һ˳ַ΢Ц˵
ô˵Ҳһ֮ˣ¼ЦʵַаλҲԭģòΪӣɲ̽ȻΪʺϡ
һѰ֮ˣŹ֮󡣡ַ΢Ц˵漴Ʊ£¼һĻֻЦ£ٶʲô
ʱһˣаҲڽ̸
ŶУ㺮ֻ֣һַ粨׵ıЩˡ
Ī㺮ʧǧ꣬ɻʧĹžôаӦ˵
Ȼ֮ʿ㺮յĹռڶż飬һЩǳǿĹʥֲž㺮ڶǿң˲Լᱻ㺮󣬷ҪУС
躬Ц˵
ǻ͡аƽ˵͸š
˱㶼ôΪŻ޷԰ΣȻаΪŽ壬ȻۡЦ㺮ڣȷʵ˲󱲣ȻҲԸ֮£㺮ڵΪµһɹʥʧǧ֮ãˣεģܶ˱²⣬㺮ڵõǹʥĴž


1672 ҹ̽
֮ϣַʲô飬ҲֻǰţܶһЩŶ飬ȻŶȻԹŶҪдŵ˽⣬ȵ󣬻úúòŶһЩµ˽һ
ַ㲻аûôҫ۵ıҲû˴ֻԱߵĲżļ䣬޹ʹַӦţԵΪ͵ʥ嵱УҲûиߵıǮóһ˶ǿĵ̫£ΪаԵʣôӴʥ
ַľ֪ʲôʱʲô飬ڣֻҪ㹻ˡ
֮󣬲Դаڲһ⣬֮ΪаԼַǰźϢ֮أɲХ顣
а֣ѵõϢ㺮󽫻Ŷǧ֣֮㺮ڱȻſֲĻۣҲһЩˣȤȥХаںߣŸаǵסڱٺ򼴱㲻С磬ѾǧأͬһС㣬ʲôȱ
ȻˣȻҪʶһ¡аƽӦ
ҲģʱֲŶһЩʥһﶼаҲХĿзâ¶Ŷǿ壬ÿһ˺һȣκһȺעĽ㣬ڣѾһԼ绪ʱˡ
аҲЩڴΪŽ壬ȻϣһŶӢ֮ͨˣûȤ
ҵûʾаͻȻһʹòХɫһݣȻаָ˭Һһǹʥ壬ңһλǿʢϡѪ̸ֹܹŻ־Ϊãֲ壬սΪ£䱦ȫ
ûУ˵Ϊ׼ʮλŻ־ûΪã׼ʣɾںϸֲֿ־ǿʢŻʡХƽ˵аĵ˵ͷûж˵ʲô
ǲˣǻϢ֮أаֶԲХ˵Х΢ЦŵͷʲôԸ˱ǣҪȥߵĻңҲ¡
áаͷӦʱַȴڵܹһŶͼŶǶԹŶֲ˽⡣
Хַһۣ漴΢Цŵ˵ͷ΢âӿַ֮Уʱַ䵱Уദһ嫵ͼŶķֲ
лַŲХЦ
Хһ漴аҵȱȸˡ
ȵХȥаַ΢ЦҪȥ
˹ŶȻҪȥߣ˸ߣǸоġַЦµ
ͬһɡа
ˣءַܾʹа£漴΢Цûж˵ʲôַŶҲЩģַ㲻˵Ҳȥʲô
ʲôҡаתһ޹ȥַ΢Цȥһ޹ϢҳȥһˣҲҪЩ
ŶҪ챤ڵǴˣַҪĻʱ䶼Ҫȥĵطﲻ̫ԶҲҪһЩ
á΢Цŵͷǰ޹Ϣַ˸Ų˸ȥ
ȥ¿ַ̤Уɵǰ΢Цʵ
ŶδŶȻҪȥһַ㺬Ц˵
ҪҪͬһǰᣬ΢Цб߷顣
ˣϰ˶ַЦŻӦٶȼӿ죬ʹòüͷ΢Ųһ̤ʱϺƳһӡʹٶȱǡ
δˣһѵô¸ַ壬
˵ˣϰ߶ַŲ΢Ц£漴ͬ㼲ۣٶٶȱǣҲңңÿ̤һʹõʥ֮⣬嵯øͣת˲佫µ˦
¿ַԽԽԶıӰеЦǣ漴ͣٶȷһĨЦ⣺һٶȺÿ죬֪սô
ַ˲֮һֱŶϷ˸ͬһڹŶйιż·˳ͶȥĿ⣬Ҳû̫ע·˶ѣŶȱǿߡ
֮󣬴˿ҹַӰͣǰһƬ֮أŶĳ򣬾һĵط͸֮⣬ûκεӰǰ涼ǲлԼ
Ӧþˡַ㿴ǰյ֮أĿЩ죬֮͸Ź죬ǰһаܵĹϹ·Ѿ֪жû˾סˡ
ַӰǰУŹŵȥ·һħǰа㡣
վסڴʱһʹַͷ΢΢£漴һ֮âôùĲƹŹ
عͷַ㿴һӰվԶĿˣطɲܹ̤ģܶ˽ȥ֮ҷȰ㻹ƵС
˵仰δַӦֱ뿪ˣַ΢һλǿߣ·￴˳һ
ȻйŹַ֡㰵˵ܵ󷨵ǹεħӦһֻ
޼۴иҵУӦطûˡַĿ˸ϧ޼۸ڴ˵صϢ֮٣ŹϹ̤ܲ㡣
Ų΢΢ǰַǰͬʱĿ⽥ʹͫ׼ΪĮͬʱü侲ĳŹϹȥ
Ŀ⳯ŹϹһƬŵڣַħͫ·޷͸ȥ龰
ȥַһʱһɽ峯¿׹ȥƬŵڵУ¡һ촫漴ַֻоһ·һ˫۾㣬Ȼ䣬ַͫ׳¿֮ȥħ֮ͫͷŶĿħâ
˭棡ַ͵һһ˫۾һţ˫۾Įȴ·㣬һɲɱ⡣
ַһ·ʯ󺣣û˻Ӧղ˫۾Ҳʧַͷȴ˵ţȷˡ
մùŷٶȻ۶ɡ
ˣַֻһֲֳ֮ɱʱ͵һ屬ˣһɿֲϣ·Ҫ㡣
ַ֮ͬʱ岻Ϻˣһɱʱ촫֮飬ʴַ塣
ַ˵ңԶ֮أ漴͵һǹ֮ȫڣԼ嵱ߣó͵ˡ
ʲô棬֮Ȼǿ󣬵ûеɵֿľ磬ôоΪַĿ˸ԵЩɻ


1673 ʥ
Էܹ棬ȻǷ֮ղ·ǿԼȻƬطʶ̤롣
ðȻȥֲΣôӳ顣ַа˵رҲֻǴȿһۣȥ̤ջշȻȥаǷ֪ߵ
֪ʲôˣַ૵漴Ӱˣ뿪ȵַصʱѾǵڶյ峿аվ޹֮¥ϣĿ֮ĽתŽ޷һ
ַӰ˸ٵаߣֻаַˣ
ַ΢΢ͷߵа£ʵ֪ʥ𣿡
ʥ塣аɫһĿ⿴ַ㣬¶һĨɫ
Ȼ֪ڼǧǰʥŶǰҲΪʥ壬أϧһǧǰʥһҹţַɻŶУȴѳΪءа˵û뵽ַ㾹Ȼἰôһϵʥ塣
ʥĻ˶ϧѡ
ôǿַͷ΢ֹѹ֣޼۵УǴʥõһЩųΪһۣ޼۹ʢ
ȻʥĹžʥ֮Ϊʥ˶Ҫ֮õ֣һЩʥ壬Ҳ伫Ϊ죬ʥžӵܹ֮ӵпֲܻܹʹһƽӹ֮˾֮߱ʣˣʥ壬ɾޣûӹ֮ˡ
аʥҲ޲ڣϧǺεȴĴڣǿˣҲܱǿҲһҹ
ʥȻǿǱ𣿡ַʵ
ǸգŶϲյ׵Ĵ𰸣ܿۡа˵ʹַٶȺݺݵĲ£ۣ̫Ϥˡ
ôǿַоʥεǿʥ壬ǿ̶ɡ
֪жǿҲû֪м֪۵ı𵽵˭а͸һĨηɫȷʵǸ
ΪȺܶ಻֪ĵطһֱƺΪۣмʵ˺ֵز˵аЦ£ͬһǿʥȻʥһʵģΪ۵Ĵڣûɹⲿžǿᡣ
ַ΢΢ͷĬԣӵȻ֪¿£õⲿž֪ĺܲҡ
˾Ȼ۵ı˭̫ˡַаҲ֪мħۺۣûҲǸյףԼ˵֪˲֪һ˻ͬһ˵
һᱩ¶Լַа
ô뵽ʥ壿аַʵ
֮һطһλǿʥõֲҲŶĿġַа˵ʹаһԭˡ
ʥأȻõ⵹һȤ֮¡а΢ЦŵŶһЩǿĹʥѾʥ˸׳죬˵ʲôûз֣Ƭطûȥˡ
ҹȥʥ忴£Ƭ棬档ַ΢΢һЦʹаϵЦ΢
⵹Ȥˣ߹㺮ڳ֣ʥ徹档а૵
㺮ڵĳֺʥҲйϵ
֪˴һǧǰ㺮ڵʧܿʥЩϵ˵㺮ڣõһǿžʥаĿ䣬㺮ֻǼ򵥵֣ʥĹעھ֮ϣ趼Ǽ㺮ء
ȷȤأַĿԶ૵һۡʥ塢㺮ڣȻ˵ϵ
ȻȤһХ˵֮ص֮ǣ֮Ŷ·ˣӵǿ塣аĿ͸ŨŨȤŵĽ棬һǳ飬ˣ壬Ҳһָо
ַаеŨŨս⣬ɵ΢΢һЦΪŽĽ壬аϣѪӢ档
ʣ֮أҲ̫ɡַ૵ʱʶĪϧĲڤжֻС統УΪ֪ܶ˶̶ȲǺ˽⡣
ʮѡ֮ʱսʵӵ߾ͱᡣ
֪Īϧˣô꣬Ҳ˷ǳңԶĵطɡַе̤Ѿ֮߰ãôʱ䣬Щһ̤ˣ֮صκεطпܵģӦûû߳
ģأߣΪεڻûгַ֡а̾׷·;УֵעҪ߸Եĵ·Զңÿ˶ҪԼļԼŬȥʵ
ַûٳţֻǺһ𰲾Ĵڲ޹УַоǳǣЩƲסԼˣѵļԽԽǿңַе
һգŶ֮أһ̤ڳ֮ϣĿңŶڣϣʮӡ⻷תݣϢֲ̺
ͬʱŶ֮ڣ֮Уâ̫ͬȣֻһӰ̧ͷȥֻоޱȴۣȻ۾ϣǸоԼĲӰһ̫
һطһӰ٣ϣŻɫϡ¶źۣԴҲУӰ
Ŷض˽٣½طͬʱŶĳ֮ĺ֮ϣһӰ̤ƲӰһϯۣ˫ֺʮոϣмɷǡ
۾һɲǣд˿˿ĹʣмֽʱǼɷǵȻ޴棡
αʿԱ̤ϵĵʿЦ£ղŻмɷǣô۾֮˸оء
𡣡ʿҲ΢΢һЦ±ϣǰУŶȥ


1674 ǿ
壬޹Уַаվ޹⣬ĿԶֻ޹ǰĺˮмӰ̤Ϊ֮ǲХ
Ƭ֮󣬲Хаַǰа¶һĨЦ⣬㺮ڳˣںºС
ߡаͷ漴Ų̤ͲХһ˸ȥַͷ޹пһֻۣǰһӰߡ
ַ΢΢ͷ漴Ҳаһ̤նȥʧ֮ĵЦݴʧȡ֮ǳ֮⡣
ǿˣҪ𣡡˿˿֮·޷ѹƵס
ºŶ֮Уһ޴ϣ¡ˮк֮˿̣º֮ϣӰ׷׽ٴ˵أǰֵһй·ƾն
һֱͤߣ裬֮͸Ի֮
㺮˰֪֮֮գȴԸա֮̾Ϣ˵㺮ڣ֪ö󱲶޷԰Σܶ˶档
ƶȻȺֻԶһӰƶ֮ϣٶ࣬ţ·ͤӳġ
乫ӡȺ湫˳乫ΪǿδɻʣŶ
併ٺߣʮָ٣΢Ц˵㺮裬֪ܷͤ͡
ͤдһǳЦ漴Ӧ֮Īڴ磬ȵйۻǰӭ֮ͤУ¡
Ǻãڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡ɫͣЦɣƬ֮ɱ֮Ŷʱһɱ֮С
׼ҰҲˡȺ˰һ㺮ŶҪٹˣһǰ̽·
ɱ⽥жȻóȺ̧ͷ죬ֻ֮УһӰ̫ͬҫۣվǱ˸о۾΢дʹָУâɣ֮·Ϊס
̫ʥ˾ȻˡĿⶢԼĹ٣˵·ҪҲ֪ߺˡ
㺮֣ȻҪǰһۡеôվյУâ財
淽һӰ·嶼УվȺУϢɽ¶ˮ
壬ʱҲԹ㺮ڵӸȤˡе̫ʥĿ¿շ򣬿ǻӰǴһĨЦݡ
ǻӰ̧ͷ漴ñժ¶գǷǳᣬɫ𪡢㣬ͬ㣬ϴǳǳЦݣ·ǳ⣬ȴǹǿߣó
ҵλҲˣϢѾֵزʱʾ硣Ŀ⿴ӵ̤һλ꣬˵ǳѵһܹ̹Ż־仹δɻʣѾʢ
ҲˡȺֽĿͶһǲХаԼַһߡ
ХԱߵ˭Ŀ䣬˾ǲ֮ˡ˽Ͷаа˵ǳ꿴а֮ʱųһĨĿ֮ʣŽ壬ˡ
Ƭֽ֮ĿͶԶֻһӰԶ̤һϯ߲ʳۣ·һҫ۹⻷ƣͬһӡ㣬ʹȺͫ΢΢£Ƕ¼Ĺӡ⻷
Ƕ²ܡȺ˼ˣֵһɲ˱֪˭ȻŶ޾ʥҲôңӵʵ˸֮٣²ܱһλӵˣӡ壬˵ֻҪ̤֮ܲǧٹӡܹݻһС
Щ⣬࿡֮׷׽ٺߣֻûиղЩôҫ۰ˡ
ЩУĻȻǳҵλԼӡΪХ乫ӡҪһе̫ʥ겢Ŷ֮ˣ˶˽⣬Ŀ֪꣬Ҳ֪࣬ʵô
аַ㣬ڻûʶʶаˣֻгҵλ
ַվаߣΧһӰΪŶ֮صʮ֮֮һЩҫ۵Ȼδʾ磬ǿԤǽĳɾͱȻǿµģңŶ»вٽ֮ܳûеɣ⣬֮Ͼ磬Ҳһкܶǿʢµһ
ʱַ㾹ܵһѪ֮⣬ֻűܹõļΪǿߵľģЩվķλͿԿû˭˭֮⣬Ϊףǿļ壬ֻڶͬӱ̤λܹΪҫ۵Ĵڣ˶ҪǿļˣǾ˺
ɣйͤһλŮߵͤԣݣǳЦòˣ΢΢һԾ漴̤˹ͤǰĺйϡ
ˮ̤۶УĳźƬ֮󣬱㽵ٰߡ
ﰶߣŮˣ΢Ц˵оž֮һֻоˣȥСŮ֮⣬ֻʣ°ˣ֪İλҪϹۡ
һؾˣܷΡ˶ŮŮʵ
Ů΢Цҡͷҹ㺮ӿǲ࣬޷дôˣԽֻһۣλӼ¡
Ⱥ˻ʱͫ΢΢һ㺮һ־Ȼ㺮ֻа˸λãܶ˶֪Լûϣˣһ֪٣ʥ壬ֵǡ
̫ʥ壬̫͡ʥֱ̤֮ӽ֮ϣҪռһ
ҳŲ̤ӰƮ˹֮ϡ
¼ң²ܡӡ̤֮ϣҪһϯλ
壬ҹױá˹֮ϣֻǶݵ˲Ѿͬʱ̤ۡ
ûǿȥӵ֪֮ȥҲҪ
ߡа˵漴һͬʱӺ̤˹֮ϣֱΪаַԼХ
һĻʹɫ΢£٣ͰһۣƺȻû˵λˣ⵹Ȥĺܡ
̤һڹϣʱǹ㺮ڵŮӣѾʮˣһˡ
λӣ˶һλǹ㺮ڵŮǳЦ˵ͣǰЩ˿ɶǽܳ꣬ǻԼõġ
˵ĿͶаַ㣬ֻΪİˣЩİ˾Ȼ̤ȥˣںߣǻһЩ֮ˡ
͵˵Ҳаַ˵ϣǺͲХһģô˵ҲҪȥһɡ
壬ռˡ͵˵һֻһˣռ
Ž壬ааƽĿ˵ʹͫ͵£ȻǹŽˡ
Ž֮аĿһ֮ɫʹȺͷһаǽ壬һû˸ռһλˣ


1675 ս
ôõĹŽ壬Ҳ߶ôаضǿĹŽ壬ѾʧȺкܾˣȹ㺮ʧʱ仹Ҫ񣬹ŽĽ壬߳˹Ž壬̤Ŷ
ֳһλŽ֮塢ӡ壬ֻѾλˣǽȻ߳ƣ֮⣬ҲǼΪ²ѷɫ壬֮ˣûһƽ
ȺĿ⿴ǹϵӰ΢вСĲǵĿַϣѵҲʲôݲɣûеĻӦ¹ۡ
ַɫƽȻܹܵȺĿϣ۳ĻκһˣյƺȷӦ¹ۣںʥĪϵĹ㺮ڣǱȽϸȤģҪȥʶһοȻŶҪģˣû¹۵Ĵ㡣
ʱХĿ⻺תԵַϣЦ˵ַ㣬Ҫ´лۣ
ХЦƽͣΪַаһģˣַϾаڹϵ˽ΪˣΨַ㣬Ӧȥġ
ХĻɫƽĿַ㣬ȻХȥζַûǿݣôӦ֪֮ӹȥǿХаַһ𣬲Хô˵ˣ¾͸˳µˡ
˿ַĿ⻺תڲХϣֻХϺЦºͣҲûвַȴЩãХǺһģҪԼȥҲӦȥŶԣХȥʲôɲǲˣǲХ¡
⿴ƿĻʵѾַܲˣХûκνַȥɣаüַǺһģѣХţʵǶַǳˣаʲôû˵С£ַԼɡ
ַŲХ¶һĨ΢Ц漴˵ҲôȵһΡ
ХЦ΢΢һַֻͣĿһֱЦ
ã⡣ΪаĹϵХԲַܺ㷭ֻа䣬ַòʶô
һ֮ˣĿ̫ͬ㣬ַͶۿռܴǴ˿̶̤ϣܽĿַ֮ʱʹַܵһɻյ̫ͣʥ֮ˡ
ַ㣬ûɡַڣ˵
Ŷ̫Ȼͬɽ㱬ռüΪȣ·Ҫȼַֻоͫ΢΢ʹŲ΢ˡ
֮ˣ̤Ϲۣǲ֪ôǹһĨЦֶɫ̫΢΢Ʈö֡
˷׷׳ĬƽĿɨַ㣬˸֪ӹȥ֮ˣԳŹ塣
ַĿ⿴ǸֶͣȻ䣬ĽŲ͵ĳǰ̤Ѹͣ˲Ϣ١
ţĿⶸȻһַ㾹Ҷֲ֣ĳȹâ˫ͫ׵̫ҫ˷յ¶ȱÿֲƬռ䶼̫֡
ɱһħ־̫֮Уη壬ʹԴݺݵĲ£޷üӦֲ̫֮ȭ͵ĺɱƵз·һ̫ܷһС
ѡַһȣֲ̼Ĺâըѣ̫ǶֵʱаҲˣ⽫ƵУȫûʹùûа㶯
¡ֿѾڹ֮ˣյУ˫ȵĿñ䣬ֻоԼֱ۶ۣ·Ҫѿ㡣
ַֻ㻹վڹ֮ϣ̤аĽ⣬Źûбѣʱַ㸺ֶ̧ͷеǴһĨ΢ЦţƺҲ
ǣյУ·һ̫⻷ڣĿַ֮㣬ȵ
ַӰڿգƮ̤֮Уƽ
Ⱥ̧ͷ֮У΢вѹִ˸̤ϹۣҲѰ֮ʵǿᣬһͺһȭ̫ñѣ͡
Ȥ˶¶ŨŨȤ̫ʥ̫ͣž飬νǳˣû뵽̤뵽Ŷһսһ֮ˡ
ַĿ⽥÷ҪŶһϯ֮أֳʵǲеģͬղվڹ֮ϣ˶Ϊȥ
һʱ̫֮ʹ̫⻷ӵ貶ĿΧն·˻棬ɿֲĻ·˷ǿʢ
̫飬֮Ĵշ쾭֪˶١ַаշ쾭Ҳ̫֮Զûֲ̫񱩡
һŶĿַ̫֮⳯ȥʹ۾Щʹ·޷ͬʱ͵嶯һʱгһ̫գַշѹȥ˵ĸо·̫շѹַϣַܹΪҽ
ּǿУַĸܵĵ۾ѾûκεˣЩ磬̫İԵҪħħ֮ʥ󱲣ѾԶԶĶܹˡ
һʱʥַۣƷ·˿ֲĺɫʯ͸ſµĺ֮УΧ档
ɱַӡǿµĹ֮ϣĻͶԷɱ̫ײһһжҪյĻҪշѹĨȥ
ֻ˲ͣ٣͵һֻҲǿޱȵ̫շѹȥҪַԴ飬ǴĿ̫Ŀ񱩡
Ļַһֻͬĺ˳ȥбײշѹ̫ĳȹĻͺɫĻ֯һ𣬿ֲ˵嶼ѿһεķֿ
ͱһЦһУʱ̫֮ӿ͵Ĵ£ϻһ̫⻷֣Ϣ
ʥˣҲ˶ѡַһЦȻϳâ·ҪһС
֮ϵ˶Щľû뵽ַ㾹ȻôܹײҼ˿ûаη֮⡣
Хɫ˸οˣ˵ʵܿ£Ҳʲôʿˣôаһ塣
λӻ֡ʱǹ㺮ڵŮ建ڿգͺַ¶һĨºЦݣλɲҪΪС˺Ȼˣ˴ι۾ͶһˣӰս
ȺͷȻ֪Ůǿʵǿ󣬲Żд˾
ͿһŮӣ漴ЦǺãҾ͸㺮ӣ˴ηһء
ַ£һأ
˻е֪֮ĺáַĮʹٶȱ֮⡣
ãλӻСŮһ档ŮӿЦ˵
ߡһ彵ٹ֮ϣһĻŮӲ¶һĨЦ⣬ַʵӸղżιͷ˶ְӦӵзǷʰɡ
ʮַ΢ЦӦ漴Ӱ½ʮ֮Ҫ¶ģûʲôҪġ


1676 
ʮ塣㺮ڵŮ£漴¶һĨЦ⣬ԭˣѹָղַĹƺֵ̺İ
ȺҲ΢Щ죬û뵽ַ㾹Ȼӵʮ壬ѹָ̤ϹۣײʵҲǷͬСɡ
ʮʱȽϡ٣ӵʵǿڳɻ֮Ϊ̫ᵼ޷ˣҲ޷ɾôķʹ츳ɱԽʮ·ԽխͬӵвǱûмޡ
ȻЩӵʮܹ֮ʮϵһ𷢻ʹãӵпֲֻ˼٣ʮӵߵĳɾӵߡ
ַӵʮ壬ҽƺõΪʹ֮ϻǿṥ˿·磬ֻǲ֪츳ȵɻ֮Ƿὥ˻Ϊƽӹ
ϵ˶ϸַһۣʮʣΣȷǷǳһˣ֮Ҫɻ֮󣬵ܹɾͼַܱʮǲںϷ򹥻
λСŮӲʤҡ㺮ڵŮҡҷۣźйͤȥϵȺֻܿţ˫ȭգȼǿϵ˶һ֮ˣ׷ϵĶ
Ƭ֮󣬹ͤ⣬һ˷׷̤Ϲͤͤ˲趯
λŮӴŹͤĳǰȥѣͬԹ㣬֧֮ͨͬء
ȺĸڶԷǷֵƽΣǾڲ֪ȥܿ죬Ѿʧǵǰǲ˺׹֮УȺ·˿ܲڵعҵĽɣͤȡһΪŵĹڣ续
ģֻоӰ첽˺ҹ㣬ͤ⣬вԵĺˮ硢£ǲڵعǾ棬ֻǵҹĺº޴͸Ψ֮С
ǰкüͤһͤ໥гһÿһ֮ͤϣһӰվڹͤǰˣͷ⣬֮֮ϣλС
Щҹ㺮ӣλܷӽԵͿλԼˡŮӴ֮㻺£ĿǰͤеһΨûп棬Ƿ·ܹܵǹ֮ա
Ρ૵⾳֮˸̾ѹ֮˶Թ㺮ǼȰֺޣֻĶ֮Ƽء
Ůӹоλ·Ϊϵ꿡ܣÿ˵ıӰ߲ͬС
ַĿⶸȻһӰ֮ϣӰ̫ϤˣʹĶݺݵĲ¡
Ųַ̧㻺ĳǹ֮ͤȥƬ֮󣬱֮ͤУֱ
ӡַ㺰漴ĽתдһĨȻЦݡ
ŮˡȺǵתŮӰаЩ˶ԹһŮӼ̫࣬ҪΪǵŮˣַǰλŮӣòϻȻϣ˷·ҪС
ַ㾹ϵа¶һĨɫֱַӳƺŮӣȻѾϵöԷ⵹ȤˣַǰòδŶɣŮӿǹ㺮ڵˡ
ƯŮˣ޲͸Ȼ֮⣬ϲŮˣһܹζɡͶŮӣŷâŲǰ̤ҲַڵĹͤȥ
ŮӶַǳЦɺǰһȻɣôַ㣬û˵
þòڣ³һʹַоֲ׺ɣ˷֮УᣬȻ˹㺮ڡ
֪γƺҲͤڣЦʵ
˱á΢Ц˵ʹ;оļһ⶯֮а̾ŮӺȻ֮һһһһЦȻ֮УȴûֿΪ֮ĸоǻȻɣ£˸Ըٽȥ
ӡĿⶢᣬеĴ֮⣬Ҫ㺮ڵӣ˳С
㺮ʵǧأŹ㺮ӴѾãղ빬Уüӣ֪ܷлΪĻֱ֮˵˵ЦɣǾҪӱˡ
ÿˡַϱõľƱֱһݸᡣ
ӹƱַȻһЦ
ҵģ㻹˰ɡַٱһоƣɫһ䣬ַòĿ
֮ǰҸ㺮棬һأ㾹˲֪ôͽƺȡսƺʱһɹڶӾƺд˳
ַĿ⻺תͣʹͫ΢΢Ѿлӿ֣·ʱܱɱ񱩡
˫ײһ˫ͫ׵гŻ棬һ˫ͫ׵͸ſħ⡣
һȪˮ֮쳹͵֮ͫУ漴оԼԺгһȪ֮£֮ȪʹϾħеĻ·𶼽ҪϨ
ֲħһͬ٣Ȼ䣬͵۾ϣ岻վٶ֮ʱٶȹȼ
ַûȥԼȡԴľƺԼƣĵ㻹
ܺáһӡʯ֮ϣ漴תֱ̤뿪ղźַ棬ַܣԸ뿪ͫɴʵ
ȥ֮󣬾Ϊ˻ңΪ֮ɫͬҽ㣬¡
ַ㣬һǺǰһƢ
ʱģַʵֻ͸ź֮⣬ϵ֮ϣʹû潥Ϩ
ˡ΢Цŵ
ꡣַɫ΢漴ֵ뿪𣿡
΢΢ҡҡͷЦǿԼ֮·ҵĵ
㺮ڣʲôַЩá
ˣ㶯ˡַĻеЦݸȻ֮⣬ǳЦ㺮ڣľԲͬԿˡ
ʱ˲ͬĹַͤĿɨͤеŮӣ֮ˣǵȴͬ˸߹ޡƻҲͬ˪㣬ƺڵȴȥ
ͬʣȴաַһ΢ЦŵͷǶΪԼˡȴ֪ж˳ΪЩУֻҪһ˱Գɹ㺮ڣӮˡ
ַ΢ûЩ߽ˣɶǹ֮ˣĹžǹжĹž飬ֻҪһ˳٣㺮Ӯˣ


1677 彻
ʱ䵽ˡͻȻվַ΢ЦΣ㣬ȻǷǳĵġ
˵գƮͤȥͤеŮҲ׷ڿգٺ֮ϣȫѩ׳ȹ˳Ⱦͬʢѩ
ͤе궼Ŀ⳯ǱͶȥֻ㺮ӾƮƮ죬¹ں֮ϣĽӳĵøˣ¶ļѩ𪣬һǱѩ¹¾Ө͸
ǳеŮôȺһ뷨ͤе궼Ǽˣλһ֮ʱӾĳǿҵģһӰ·ҪӡǵԺ֮УǳΪЩ㺮еŮӻŷ糾֮Ȼһȴûκη糾֮УΨֲµʺ
·ǲǳӵУǴӹ㺮
ַĿҲ΢Щʧ趯żͶһﲨ·Ҫ͸飬Ҫǰӵ뻳ҲŹ
֮Уһڸ֣·һ¹λ建նƮ¹֮УƬ֮ʧӰ¹֮ϣӰɻڣȴģͬ¹һʧΨǽģӰӡȺԺУ֮ȥ
ͤе궼£ôˣ
աַ¶һĨЦݣ˾֣Ϊ̸֮ܳʱȴֻ꼻һ֣Ը̵ӡˣҪ׷ڣ
Ҿ֪֡а૵Ц£ղǰ˱ʥ࣬ȴ˪·ֻԶ۶£ƮȻʧԼȴ֪ɵЩʧС
㺮鴫ǶӴЩʱ䣬ҲгٵĿܡ૵δ֮ǰΪԼǼ;Ϊ󣬵֮ȴ˵Ī䲻ڱ󣬵һζԷѾԺһӰӡ
λӣȥҪλӣ»Ҫһˡ˶ŮӴʱߵ֮ͤ⣬˵˵ȺعͷŮӣȴҲû˵һ۵־ޣ֪ĽղŵȽƺвСĲࡣ
ˡַ૵һЦվΨһ޷׽סŮˣΪ˻ĴŮ֮һǹ֮ˣʵ˵ǰ˻һŮˣΪѩ۹֮ʱȴ˪ֲһַ֮޷ǣһβǴΪһˣſһ·Ů˼֮£һС
Ⱥ߳㺮֮£ʹֻоһλð㣬·ղžһֻһΣɸоأɵģͤغǣôɵɫ΢֪˸ղžʲô
û뵽ŽĽӡִͬ˵أϧһδ漸λһͬ㺮ʱϣһɫ£ʶĿֻݿݣȴ˵֮У˸о׽
Ĺӡɫµ꣬ʱɫ΢ĹŮģ˵ҲɻôĹ㺮֣ĹΪû˿̱ˡ
ĹӿˣСѵȺʱͤŮӺЦ˵ʱĹ̤Ƭ̽ٹͤУ΢Ц˵Сģ㺮С
롣Ůӿ˵ʹɫȣĹӲգѵ㺮еҲô
лλһۡĹӶ꺬Ц˵漴ĿַϣҲʮ֮ݺ½ڴ˵üʮ֮ˣΪңϣַҲ֮ͬʮɰ㣬ɨӢܡ
лַĹ΢Цŵͷ˵Ǹˡ
λԱ㡣ŮӶ˵漴ĹӲ㺮У⵹ڳӢЩĸоĹӾɳ㺮У֪ŮӿеСλ㺮ӡ
ŮӴĹȥаַ㿪˵˵ʮǸǧǰݺŶķ˳ʮɣڶʥʥϲΪʮӣǸսˣǺһʮʣ伣Ҳ֪ȥ˺δ
ʮɡַ૵¶һĨЦ⣬û뵽иݺŶ֮·廹ͨʣгΪǿߵĻᣬڳȺ֮Уֻнӡ壬Ҳû˸ӣˣ̹Ż־ҲǷǳµȻǿӵ߻࣬ƽӹ
ڴʱһâȻаϣʹаĿĿⶢǿˣӡ²ܡ
һս²ƿնûлغߣźºĹ۶ȥʮӡâҫۣգÿһӡ֮з·̺ޱ߿µ
аΪŽ֮壬Ǿս֮ˣŲһ̤պƷһ죬۹Ӱ׷²ܶȥ
彻档˿һĻͫ׶Ȼ£ӡͽͬʱһҪײˡ
ˡŲ漴̤˳ȥ׷ȥ
˼ͺЦ߳˷׷ڿնȻײ
ַӰڿգͬ׷ںĿзâ˸ȷӵľʷ׳ʣŶ֮ǣڶ࣬ײѪҺڣӡͽ壬Ҫһν档
Ⱥ׷ںºնУԵΪ׳ۣڣǰȺͣ£վںϿգǰӰվںϣһֲƣȻаԼ²ˣھǺԶĵطͣ㹻Ŀ϶
ʱӡʮӡ⻷ޱߣ·ÿһâһӡֲ̺ͬʮӡɱ֪жǿᡣ
аƮתǿʢ⣬
ȥ²һʱʮӡ֯һ𣬻һɫƣ͵ĳŶԷӡɱȥ
аŲһ֮⣬ɫӡ֮У漴ʧ
ÿµȺ΢ӡʮӡ⻷ܹ֯ɸֹӡӵ仯ȴܽû
¡²ܽŲһ̤ˮըѣ޾ˮͷ嶸Ȼ俿аʮ⻷ȫ𣬻ҵĽ֯ʱ֮һӡ۶ɣɱ£·޾ޱߡ
ӡ壬ֻʮӡ⻷ܹ⽻֯ɸӡ̫ˣ̤֮˵ӵǧٹӡúεȿ¡ַаݣӡ壬̫ǿˣֻаóܹ׻ֿ籩ĹǻҪôҪôӲӲǱӡɱ


1678 ӡ
ºˮѣ۳һٲںϯһӡĻǿƥУ²ܹӡ⻷£ʮӡ⻷趯תȫа˱ᵽһӡ֮Уſ籩Ĺ
ӡأͬһŷշѹһС
˻ӡһ֧֮ʣʶҪӡɱ
ӡӡǿֲӡ¹ʥ壬ŶӡĿֲңӡţֲ̫ˡһԹȺľĸоʮӡ֯ɵĹ̫ǿʢˣֿµĹΡ
壬ǹŽ壬಻·硣
а޾⣬Ԩᣬ򽫸ǿʢӡû㹥籩꣬ԿȻɫ趯ͬһǵ֮壬ɶҡ
Ȼ䣬ӡµͬʱ²ʮӡ⻷һУȻ䣬֮ϸһֲӡ֮օdeַ
ǷӡȺͫһֻޱ߾޴ądeӡ޴ޱߣҪѹһأӡǰа徹ԵøС·Ҫշɷ顣
ӡóĽ֮δɾͷ򣬿³ɾͷ֮ʱ̤֮աַ㿴ǹӡȫԽۣ޼᲻֮⣬пµĺ֮У̺Ϲ
֮岢ʲôǿİ壬ӡзӳ̫ˡվҪʹˣΪͨİ巨ǿгǻصġ
ʱа̧ͷǷŹӡ˲Ϣ¿ս٣Ҫɱѹܶʱӿ⣬ʹ·𶼱Ťڽʧа˶û뵽˽档
еһŹӡ֮⣬Χɻ෽ֲӡһɱȻٽ֮УϢʧڣӡ٣¡һ촫ֻаӰ³֣־ٺŹףչӡ£ײһУӡŹױѣΧһɿµķ籩
ȻŽĽ壬ûʧ²Ŀ¶âʮӡ⻷ƽѾս˾޷ֳʤҲûбҪټսȥˣͶҪˡ
¼ҵӡҲаƽ˵ͷβڷضԷĹǿҪӡĹĹжǿǿĹʥ嵱Уǿ߶׷ϵĿ¹ݻһУӡĹǶģȵ̤ʾ֮ǧӡ⻷Ĺøǿʢ£ﲻߡ
ĹŻ־̫ʥ̫ĹŶĿֲԼ֮ǵĸɻ·ϲįа˫ڵֱͬԨ·ʮַ㹥Ҳټַͬѩ壬һƺȱǿߣҲ˼
Ľջֳʤġ²ɫ£漴һ̤նУʮ⻷Ӱܿʧ
ֹ֮䣬ûһ˸Ը˺ɡаĿɨԱ߹ȺХ˽Ϊˣ˭ˡ
սȺȴЩδ֮Уӡ廹ǽ壬ȻأеûʹóֵƣȻʹõģϾֻһдѡ
ַоһսĿת漴̫֮ޱߣޱȣһֱ
ÿ˶ʮɣʥĵ̲ܹģรɡ˵΢ʱӰڿն̫֮âҫ£Ϊۡ
ַֻɨһ۱ûмٿĿⲻɨ˳Լһۣƽַҵ͹˵ǿ󣬼Ͱˣ
ȺɢȥаߵַͲХߣĿ⳯Ǻºһۡ
㺮ڼȻѾŶ㲻ŵģǿºܿٴŶһХһЦǶԹ㺮ڵȤܱ˹ǲѡ񣬿ң㺮֮лвĹž顣
ǻȥɡаƽ˵漴˺̤УԶȥ
壬ַ㡢аԼХһвһַ̤аǾס޹֮ء
аҲ˲弸գҲüһֱ壬ʹ뿪޹ǰַа˵Ͼ׷ǹʣоЩڣúºг֮ʱХȥо·ֶ̰㣬ûбҪڲˡ
һɡа΢΢ͷַܹվַλãͬڲ塣
֡а֣Ǻο࣬Ҳ޾طҲǿţа־д֮أֱ˵ɡХ˵Ļɫ΢һ˿ϸ΢ı仯漴ַЦ֣ҲХʲôò֮
ХȻַΪˣַֻЦֵһʺϼǡ
վڲХĽǶȣַǰʼһԽҲ޿ɺǣַȻܼˣ˸ٶȼӿ죬޹˸ȥ
ò֪ôΪԼ˭ɫ΢΢ˣĮ˵û뵽ַ˲ӡ
ַĻҲᣬаĬԣַ㣬ХͲȰ˼Ҳ޷ı⣬ַģַҪߣԵַһ
Ƭַ̺ߣаŲХͷתǰҾͲԸˣǡ
˵գһ˸ȥ̹ϣûκεĳɡ
ַ㶨ҪÿĮ˵·оܵ㡣
ûбҪ뿪Ҳ֮е飬ҴʵȷʵѹаΪѣԺûҲ壬ȥᡣХżӰʧƽ˵һ
ߡЩˬһ
ַа뿪֮˸طţڲȻΪڣֻϢЩ㣬ڲʱʲôϢĻǶУҪǲǳȥ߶ΪĹϵַԹ㺮ڵҲΪġ
շޣ鰮˵նϱնϡ
ʱַ·ϣֻյУһӰʮӡ⻷ƣҫĿޱȣʹ˽ĿͶаݣӡ壬¹ʥĹ¶ܡ
ַ㿴ӡǰɵ¶һĨɻɫͶ²ûκιϸ𣬶Էʲô


1679 ʥ
У²ܳĬԣֱһ̤ղ⻷Ȼһӡֱӳַɱ
ַһħȭʱӡ飬ʱ²ܵѾǰ⻷ţһӡ·շѹ
ַɫȻüΪĮͶ²ԹԷһֱӶ֡
Ųһ̤棬ʱ޾âţһƿգնڹӡ֮ϣ¡첻ϣӡͣһѹȴڴʱȻ併ַϣֻԷչѹ£ŹӡݻһУѹ񷣬Էӡ⻷
ַƿգѶȻǹӡ֮ϣʱӡַӱ䣬âĿŭһ㲻Ƕ²ܡ
Ŀù²ܺаսܵǹӡǿ󣬾ֻЩֻԷͫһ캮â񣬾мϤ֮Уʹַͫ΢
㡣ַ뵽ҹʥ֮пһ˫ƺ˫۾Էαװɶ²ܣһʮӡ⻷֣ܻȴʥǿˡ
Īʥַͷ΢Էʥľ֮У־ܻͨòɣʥųܹܻһУͬʱ˾߱ʹһƽ˶ӵ֮ˣʥֻܿʥһͨöѡ
ַ̫࣬յһֱֳշѹ̺ΰҪѹɱ
նַһɱһ쿪ѣȻԷɺЦûа仯Ȼ֮䣬ǧͬʱ֣·ǧӡͬʱɱӴ֮⣬ַֻоԺ΢΢һԻã·Ҫ⹥г٣޿ɿ⡣
áַɫӲ˫ͫޱȣŲһ̤棬ʱؿͱѣ̺޾ĽɱһУǧӡȫҪرƿһ´󶴡
ֲ̫͡͡âȻޱȶĿ·Ҫַ۾Ϲ
̫֮⡣ַͫ㿴һ̫Ѷ
ɲǻŭе̫ٶȱѣַӿħ⣬ʶԷĿʥ̫ˣԷѾʹӡ̫ʥл֮
ǣضȻ䱬ѣγַֹȥҪַУڴ˿̣֮ڣһ콣ţ˺һУη·
նڵ콣âնɱһУ콣âɱأеһжҪ𣬶Էֶ̫ˣҪԹء
պʹسһѷ죬Ȼַ۾֮ʱֻԷӰƮˣ·תۼҪʧ
ַ㿴ԷӰԼģϵЦɻڣŲһ̤廯磬ŶԷ׷ȥ
ÿٶȡȺ𺳣ʱвӰԶļðӡȥԷϿʥΪԭŻڶʱûɱַŻ뿪¶ʵܴ̫á
ȻȺܿͷ֣Ӱ֣ŰȥֲһǱ𣬶ҶޱȵѸ͡
ַӲŲҲͣŰĻӰжԷѾĳط޷֪
ߵĺÿ죬ֱ֪Ըˡַû뵽ԷսƬߣȻҲһǼðӡ
˾Բѷɫ壬Ŷ֮ǡַаһзǳµһλʥӵдŶнеļʥ֮һĿ»ֻʥıɽһǡ
ʱһӹַԳһӰȻа
ôˣаַһ
һµαװӡ壬ʮӡ⻷ƣƺʥַܹܳ˵ʹаͫ΢΢£
ӦüַĿ⿴аܿҺ˵ʥʵ֮Ӱ
а¶һĨɫʥ屻֮ŶĴǿ߶ǰ̽ģû˵ʥ֣ȻǷѾ֪ʥľɵأǸգ˵ппֲ󷨣ʥˣԶ޷⿪֮ա
ȥʥ忴аַ˵
д⡣ַͷ漴˷׷׳ʥɵ˸ȥʱַȻ֪ԸʱסĿջ֮أĻڲͣĲţ֮޿ɶƵͷš
Ҫĵŷ֮⣬΢ЩŤо䣬·ҪƲסԼˡ
ڣĵڱˣñ飬ĽŲ΢΢̧𣬳ȥֱ̤֮С
ĵǰһӰ̤Ӱӵߣ޹ǣ룬Ȼֻɴ棬ֻһ˫۾¶⣬޲ɷ
ĵǰԶӰͣĵĽŲȴ΢΢һ̤Ůӵߡ
תṲ̊ȥֻĬĬĸʼնû˵һ仰·һоͱ˰㡣
ַ㲢֪߷һУʱаʥľַȥȵǿҪʥַʱ򣬺Ȼ־Ȼ˺һٵĸʥ巽ʹ˲ɵ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ʥôãʥʧ꣬񣬾Ȼʥʥֳôַаԣһʹ˵ͫ׾㶼£ʥ֣
֪ʲô˸ɵģԿ϶ʥûбȫ˵ֻʥ˲󷨣һҪǺĵӣȻʥ廹˻һֱ죬ʥ֡
һ˻Ӧ˵ʱղ˵֮ΪȻĵͷʥճûصУ֮ûбǿƿΪܴʥĳֵĻֻпʥû֮ˡ
ַаٶȼӿ죬ڣǸϵʥַʱȻյ֮أ˿̾ȻƾճһϹ͸ų¾ŵϢһϵĹ·˰ûֵ֪ġ
յʥôַ૵ռĹϹʢһʱ۰Ŷ
ӦΧһѾˡа˵ǧǰʥԲֻЩġ


1680 ʥ
ǧʥ֪ûʲôڡַа漴ֻԶһǿϢȺ׷̧ͷԶȥֻһλӰһϯۣ̤·һǧֱӽ֮ϣ͸ŰӲ֮⣬·ƬΪ
ǰˡȺͷ΢
ǲĳǲǿߣʵɲ⡣аַ˵ʹַͷʥȻǿ󣬲ǲ嵱ĳǲϹˣʵֲ
¡˿̣һԶ֮ϣһӰ̤̤أӵ֮
ҵĴﵽˡаĿɨһַۣ㿴ˣʵΪͳΪмƣ֮Ҫǿ̫ˣվǶһ㣬ЩۼĿ´ڡ
Χգһ̤̺֮ʵ죬ַ㿴һӿǧӡӰ·ضУͷɵ΢΢һӦǶ¼ҵĴ²ʮӡ⻷̺ǰµĹ˵Ĺ⻷ܱ̫財
һᶼûˡַаһЩֲｵ٣Щ˾ֻԶԶŵķݣԲܱߵСԵˡ
ȻֻǼ˵ĽŲֱ̤֮УʱȺеһɿµɨأ·Ҫ˶Уκεطرֶǵ۾
ǧǰʥ֪ûб֣૵ȻصĻʥⲿž̫ˣֱɱ䣬ƽӹ֮ҲƾʥеΪʾ֮ԤֻҪõؽڴ½Ϊһǿߡ
𣬼ǹʥȻر֣ʥһǧ겻˷֣ҪõرҲôסʱһλʿֳָһ̫ۣ۾΢΢гһ϶
ַĿ⳯Ǳȥĵʿ۾ϲĻ쵰ʿȻֳˣôԼصʱܿӰӣ
ϵʿôûַ㳯ŵʿ˹ȥ
׵Ŀת۾Цַһۣ㶼ţϵô
㶼ܻųӲַһһؾȻȥ׷޼Լ۴ˣ˾뿪湻ݵģ֪ôܳġ
ȥĵطͲоء׵˵Ŀڴʱһɿֲļ֮·٣һ̷Բǧأ˶оһɿµĻʹȺһ彩ӲԭأҶ
ʲôѹͬһܻһСַɫ΢Щ԰ףĿ⿴ɿֲǴǱߴġ
ұϵ˵ˣȻð׵ۻӶһɫ䣬ʹΧȺ˷ۣɿֲѹ֮£ʿȻ鿪Ц
ǹͷţȺֻЩ̤Ĵһγ֣建ڿգǵٶȶ·¼ǹɿֲ㡣
ڣǽټʮ߿֮ʱǹŽʧЩеĴǿȴ̤Ƕվյ˼Ƭ֮峯˷ȥ·ûгֹ㣬ʼûһ仰¡
ǿλа棬һ¿ճֵĹʥ
λڿѰĺûᣬĶˡ׵۶ΧȺ˵ʹȺɨһۣʿոЩǿ߶ߣɿ¾Ǳˡ
ñͽȥ׵΢΢һЦ漴ȺֻŲ̤ĳ̤ȥʹòͫ͵£쵰Īɣ߶ҽĵطȻܽȥ
ϲַͫ΢һﻹܽȥˣ뵽ϼһԿϵҲӦòʲô£Ȼ˺Щʱ涼ûʲôȺɨǵʿڷǳѰúܶ˵ֶ¶
ߡһλǿһ漴Ų̤Ҳ˹֮ڣʿ̤Укβɡ
ʱ̤ʲô¶û˷׷̤ȥ
ǽȥַа˵漴˵ĽŲ׷׳嫹Ź̤ȥϵĹȴɹ⻬嫵Ĺһ̣Ϊ֮Ʒֲ
һ󣬲ַܴһ֮вӣ¶ǲ׶ģܿղǹɿֲ
ʱ˵඼ǿǰֻǰһõĹĻЩĻֻ߸ӹɣ򵥵޷ټˣ߸ù󣬲֪ղżλ֮ǷҪ߸Ӳʹɢ
Ļľͷ֮أһ̣תīɫ·Ӷһ
ʲôȺĿ΢¡
ʥ̣ʥ׵۵˵һĿ͸ŷâʹȺͷ͵һ̣
ȷЩǴ˵е̣Ҳû֪١а˵ַȴ׵ǻ쵰ôʥıﶼ֪һǰĴǿߡ
ô֪̣֪񣿡һλǿĿ⿴׵ۣʵ
ֻ˵Լ뷨Ƿ˭֪ʥҲһء׵˵ʹͫ΢ͷ¶ĻʥʥУ
ΪʥβȥȡһλǰĮ˵ǳҵĴǿߵ޹ʥҲֲǡ
ʥȥȡ𡣡׵ۿųﵭ˵
Ȼң߰ɡﵭ˵£תȥޱȡ
ʵ̫ȡӦҲûʲôϣǵط䡣׵˵Ҳͬתаʿһ˿̳ȥˬĺܡ
Ҳ߰ɡַа˵׵쵰ûдģǾ̸֮
ȵǳһɸӿֲϢ٣֮УǿʥϿգǹɿµϢɨأʱȺ˱ܣˣ¶ۼĿ´ڡ
Ұˡַ㿴еĿֲݣͷݣЩҪƿõʥ
𡭡ڴʱһŭֻԶգ죬ݺأϮ
ҲˡȺͫ΢΢û뵽ǿҲήٹʥ塣
ĪЩҲҪõʥɡʱַаԣʮӡ⻷˸Ȼӡ²վǣ


1681 
ÿֲڰ䳤۵Ӧۼˡַ㿴սٵǿߣ˵ʥȻǿ
۱һͷޣŶеһλûеаַ˵ŽĽȻһ̤Ž壬羹һҲİ
ԵҲǳֲһŮӡַĿһλŮϣŮϴɫˣһƵ㷢裬°ķüǣСɵӣӨǼס˼ɫ
û´ĻŮӦ˵Ѫ֪١а˵
ȷŶʥŮıû֪ʲô츳壬Щƣ˵óӵпֲԣŶλú󱲣ȴǹϵʥŮ
²ܻ˵ʹַ㵹Ƕмֺ֮⣬ŶʥŮԿֲң֮ǣǿ徹ܹ档
λƿΣʱһλǿ߶˿˵
áǿ߷׷׵ͷ׼󣬵ǿʢһĳ̶Ⱥûʲô˵ġ
һĻ˵׷׳Զ˱ܿЩֲ󣬲֪жôµĲ
ַаҲԶԶ˿֮ϣһпֲǿվϿգڸλֲĿ⸩¿յĹʥ幬
֣һȴȺֻһִֻӡ£ǲĴǿߣ·Ƭ춼¿շѹ˹ȥͬʱҵĿֲǿ޾⻷ӡ¿պɱȥ
һʱز·һ¿պױȵļһ̷ţ빬֮ϣһ̾ȻûֻлĹĻ̵ԶȺ۾޷ֱӡ
Ⱥ΢΢ţֻоɨһ̣·ǻҪշѹƬȻֻһɲǵĸоǸо·һΡ
һжƽϢȺٶȳǱȥʱ򣬹Ѿҷ𣬵ֻ¿տֲ󷨹ĻȻϱǨܻջһ̣ɺب̣·С
ܴ˿ֲĹ޷̫֮ˡо̾ԱߵĽѾȫҷ𣬻˳
ɹ⻪ؽ֯ʱ·Ƭ˹̣Ͽյ˶Ҫֽȥ
мܴΧһѾ˽⿪ʹùʥ֣Ϊλܴ֣̣ǷʥСڡеĴܼǿһа⣬Ŀ˸ܴǵʥ̵ĻǿҲ޷ƿģǹʥʥ۽ٶһãѹʥ۵ڶ棬ֻ̽
ǣܴܽ󣬲ŽŴ򿪡
λǰһˡ˵ɫ¶һĨʣֻܳ޷ʵһӰ̤ܿ죬ǵһʧ
¿֮أܴûɵֺب͸Ϣ
ʥ۲Ҫ⿪֣ûϣˡ²зâ¶Ҳ֪ΪΣڻûһλʥ֡
ôߡʱǹ￪˵ȻȴӰ̤һϯԹЮ²ܺаǰ
²ܣ˵Ŷһλʮ壬ǺˣŶ²ʵʹԱߵַĿһͣʥŮʮʲô
²ܵĿַϣʱתҲַ㣬ǳӵʮʣ
ǡַ΢΢ͷ
һˡᣬַ㻺ڣ漴תʹַ΢΢һʵȥδ
ȥ塣Ų̤֮УǹĿ⳯ʱַһ֮УۼĿֲڣ⡣
ǰַҹŽѡаеĹ˵ǹаһۣڵŽ塣
ģֻȥͼգֲҪʲô⥵һа΢΢ͷȻǰ
˵꣬аַ΢΢ͷַΣŲֻ̤󣬲֪ΪҪʮ塣
׵۶ַӰ¶˼ɫıʲôޣ·˿˰㣬ַ֪ʲô
СӣסԼʮ͹ˡ׵۶ȥַһַаͷʮ塣
ȻҲŶУΧĽֻǰѣСУźȫͬϢ嫵Сݺĵشɭ֮أҲΡ룬ɡ
ַʼճĬԣԼõķʽڲ֪½ͱϣĪľ͵壬ЩΪ
̤Žݣַ˳幬̤ȥ꿴˹мֺõɫ
ࣿʱһĻ𱬵Ŀⶢַ㿴һЩʱַ̣³һ
ַ΢΢ͷʹ޴ͫ£㵽£
Ǳġַʼ磬ʱĿ⿴ַǰʵʲô
ĿɨһۣĮĵҵҪ𣿡
ҵȻܲˣֻԽӴģοԡĿⶢַ㣬ڵ
Ŀһɨ꣬ʱԷ߿ַЩơ
Ĵ֮Уʱַܵһɳصѹϣλ֮ϣĿ⿴ַ㣬ʮʣҿӵеİ
ַû˵ʲô̼䣬忪ʼͷŶħء桢硢ռʮְͬʱţʱַƸְ֮⡣
⥿һʮ壬ûκεĲֻǿΣ
Ҵߡ⥵ûзԣ΢΢ͷﵽסĵطȥɡ


1682 ź
סһɽ֮ϣܼ򵥣䷿ݴһСߣһľţͨϢĵطִżţ⵹Ǻмơ
޻ԼϰϲòϢ֮أǷѪĻӦϢͩԣмַͩе֪ﵽʲôޣף͸֮վߣַȴоʥŮԶ㡣
ԣͣ£תַ㣬Ʈ᣺ӵʮսһӦóںϰ幥ʹøҿ
ַ㿴һɽϵɫһĨɫҲϲݡ
ַĻ˫ﲨһ˿ɫȻ䣬ϵ΢΢Ʈ͸һ崿׵
㲻ϲݣҺսﻰ£ӰƮӯ̤ͬˮ㣬Ȼַȴо廯һӰ̼ǰϢһƳĴ
һַֻоԼһɿռӰ֣·޴ɱܣĸܿѲϢӰ
ѣһؿԵϢȻͷţַԥĺѿһеĿ¹˫ײ·˲ܱշѹɱʵȴԶеַоԼĴͬˮϰ㣬޴ͬʱһɿֲ˳ɶˡ
Ųڵϻһۼַ¶ɫ׵Ӱ
硢ռ䡢Ӱˮءʲôַ͸žȵɫӵжְַ㣬ȻܹóԷһ̺Ȼһóںϰ幥
ԼʹóҪҼվԭأ泤һַĿ⿴ʥŮ˼ʥŮ壬ƺҲӵʮǣ岻Ӧó츳ŶΪζԷȻʮʹַıӵĺ
Ҫʲôַ΢΢һЦ˵ҪﵽҪʲô
еںϹҶ뿴ﵭĮ˵
áַ΢΢ͷ漴Ųߵһߣӵпֲâ۳һ
նַһն̷ףɱ
ɲǻߣɱıɱһâţֻǶݵƬַ̣˶ʮâÿһâ̺ںϰʹս֯µĽХòϢ
âַ֮㿪ʼȭâɱ¾ħȭ֮ȭױȭâѣֹѤޱȡ
ĿⶢַһһĨ֮ɫ˵Ժÿ£ȻôְںϹ
ַͣĿЦ𣿡
壬ӦòΪ˿һԼĹô򵥰ɡ
Ȼ˿ַ̣ȴ۾ıϣôվھʯϣ紵裬һԺУַղŵĹϵ֣·𶼱仺ÿһĽڣƺԺг֡
ַ㿴һĻ΢΢£Ǻ⣿
ңһĿãվһ͸һУʥŮҲ͵ʥ֮
壬ǲ𰡡ַΪƵĵ漴ߵ±ϣĿԶ֪ʥĹʵش˿ôˣʥĴܼǿ߶޷ƿܴ󣬲֪˭ܽȥ޼ۣôõģ׵Ǽһﵱ׷޼ȥˣôͻȻҲŶ֮Уңʥ֡
һз·ͬյװ㣬ֺûʲôϵʵҲ㲻ʥ֪˴ŶǷ̫Щ½ʮ֮֮һǿƣС߳Ĳݸ֮ˣâҲûǰôˣʥûģʥŮҲѰ
ˣͻȻǱߴһƶַعͷ漴ֻһֲţ˲նһֻɲǼ䡣
ɲ֮ҵɲǻߺƣǿˡַ㿴һĻɫһһն֮˺Ȼͬİпռͷİһµģʹӵɲ֮ɲ֮䣬շ·һۼ
ڽҵ򣬿ǣֻǹĦһҵںϹԼĹԣδЩˣıѵǿһַеûйãʹó˵ڶһΣɱݱ
ţһĹַǰɫӰھʯƮţ˿ҡҷΨһȴΪǿᣬһֱûͣϢ漴ˮĹһĻĻַ֣㿴ʹõںһֱڱ仯·𲻶ڳںȫµУγɸǿĹ
ǣһ˸ԶһŹʱ¡¡ķѣ·һ˲仯Ϊ
ǡַͫɲǻߺʹѵںϹòͬİ壬ֹϵһһ
ɲǻߡںϴѡַͫ׽ڣ긡֣ҲıղһϵĳԺС
ɲǻɲ֮ռԼ֮Ϊһ˲ıƣһɲ̺±ͬ˵ɲ֮⣬ֻǽɲǣϡַԺвϵܣһںڳţʧţҪϵĻҪǵİϵһԷͿռѣγԶɲ֮
ڣַȻſһֲᴩգԶɲ֮䣬ǹɱ֮ȴ֮УòϢ
һУӦýɲ޲ַ¶һĨ˷ܵɫԵúܿģЦݲãΪֶ̫࣬һ⣬ܾûںϹͻˣҲΪûܳȥԣָõһʹɲ޲һ
ַĿ⳯ȥֻҲͶ׵ĿһĨɫǿԣȻҲܹԼںԼںϹѹӵôںϹˡ
һַ㳯žʯƮȥ漴ھʯߣһĻüһЩãַûκĲЦ֮üһ˿ɳһЦݴ׷ĿУǸ֮ˡ
ǺΡַ΢Ц˵оһܹǿںϹ
ôţַҪͨԷʮԼû뵽ȫԼҲͬȫ
һܴںϹϣݳɾҵҶܵõôַЦ˵ĬƬ֮漴΢΢ףܴںϹԼҲ


1683 پ
ŷ֮ϣӰߣַﲻϵĳںµİ幥ָ̽ȥϣַѾȷҲӵʮˣǷʮְ廹ͬӵпֲԡҪǣóƵּ̽Ƕ֣żԷ㲦ܲƼգɾһǿṥ
֮ɱ¾ħȭĽҲӵзɱ֮ЧǿԳɱ֮ϣϾɱַһϥھʯ֮ϣ·ԼʥŮݶˡ
ɱΪϵ㡣ַ૵Ҳǹɱںϣϵһ顣
壬֮İ뵽ɱȥͬʱɱİһֵĳںϵ֮棬Ȼһĳԣʹ֮ݱ䣬ҵʵϵǧʱ䡣Ųͬ˫ְ𪣬޹ǣַ
ַһâǳео΢Щʧ񣬷·ʥŮѷɫڹ㺮ڵŮӣ׵ʣʥŮĸ߹ޣֻǰַûôȥע⡣
￴ַ㶢ɵһ漴Ŀת
û뵽ʥŮҲ־ءַ㺬Ц˵ַĿﾹûΪַ㿴۾̫ɾң⼸յĺоַвٹͬ㡣
ǻǼɡƽ˵ַ΢΢ͷ˼ںϹ֮̽Уʱ仺ȥ˿ŶУǿ߶̽ʥʵسֵܴ˼ν֮ƽ⣬Ϊʥĳ֣ʹù㺮ķ粨һЩ
Ǵۡʡ֮µһ۵飬඼ʥйء
壬һһɫ泤ۡͷڵιڵĹŷ̤ŷ֮ϣֻߵľʯϣַƺ˵ʲôܽп־ֹѾǷǳˡ
䣡һɿ̫֮ܵȼڴ˿̺ܷŭһֱʥŮﵱδӵģӽӴ˵˿˵Ľֹ޼䡣
ڡŵ΢΢ţô˵һҾסĵط
˭ڵĿĶַ㣬̺ͫĻַĸо͸ӵĿ£·Ϊ̫֮
θɣ˵
δӡǿӲʹɫ䣬߳ԼôΪɡ
ҵ游㸸׵ġڶĿȣʥŮȻֻܹϡ
ߡһʲô顣
ĹڸаСŶܳǰƽ⣬ó֮˴ǰЩҲóȥߣǼʶĿܣⱻ
ڵĻ͸ŨŨ֮⣬㵽ǺͽǼһЩƣַ㰵һıҲʲôưˡ
Ҳ𣿡ʵ
ˣȺ򣬾͵һȥˡڻ˵΢΢ͷվŶʥ岢棬Ҳ治ϣÿһ˶ˣЩһ˳Ҫģý˻ȥߡ
ַ㣬ҲһȥɡԵַ˵ַ΢΢ͷ嵹Ҳû⣬˿Ҳûȥˡ
ʮ壿ڵıĿⶢַ㣬˫۾·ǽɫģ̫ͬĽɫ
⣿ַ㵭Į˵һƢԻǻ쵰һޱȣĿһУ֪ôˣҲõԵĻһɳ죬ϾԷݰ
˴λȥ֮󣬲׼ٽӽԸڽɫĻ泤۶ͷ̫̫ͬӰ㣬תǰ̤
ַϣƬֿ֮һλڿգʺм֮Ӧǹ⥣һǿޡ
Ŀⶢַ㿴һۣûǰȴ˼ϰԵĸоֲͬޣӹɣڡԼͬΪܳ󱲣ʵԶǳǿģܺᣬұҲǳ
ĹӺųգŮģϵ˿Ϊʥĺ󱲣ʵֻǾû֪ЩͬĹʥǿߵ˭ΪĹӺ棬·Ϸԣȴû˸
ңĹӴᣬǴŮˣ˵սΪУţĹɫʵһλʥӡ
ʱĹĸۡŮƣÿһŮѾ߶ǳᣬòѡɼ˷
յĸۡΪ֣ſ׷׽ٴ˵أڸп֮أһ̾޴֣ģܴ֡
ĹӺ÷ˣ󷨸Ȥˡϯضḧ٣
ԶΪֱܺˡĹ޳һ湫̬΢Ц
ӹš̤գеɱƣĮ˵
ҶȤǶԽҪм¡Ӱٴ˵أˬ˵ĹӺ͹㺮ӹϵǱѰղŶӢܣ˹㺮ˣܴ
ʤҡĹЦºͣе΢΢ͷ·۶˭ʹ崺硣
ӭСԼаֵܡĿ⿴Զ̤ǲĲХԼа
ĹӲǷ֮ʿԶǽŮ˰ǰ档ӡ²̤ӡ⻷а֮ˣХǲ֮һĵһˣĹȴַڵһλ
Ĺֻ΢Ц£ûлش֮󣬳׵ȿ֮ʿ׷׽٣ʱƬյ
֮ϣƣ·һ¹£ʱλ֮ϣ񷻺½ʮ֮УʱȺоһޡ
㺮֮
ɻôޣһͶλӿΪ˼
Ⱥ׷׿գ㺮ڲ֪Ӻδҵλˣס
ƮƮλ㺮Ӿ㶼ӰƮ䣬Ⱥ׷ǰȥҪվһ
ĿɨһΧַӰ΢һƲ漴Ϳ̤ЦһЦ޷ȴ
ĿƽĿһۣûȻֻ˿˿⣬·߹ޣĶ͵˵ͷ
ӿɷһͶ
Ǹƽľܾģʹ΢΢һ˿ͬ˪ᣬһ͸ŵȻ֮ޱȻ֮⡣


1684 ˭
ԽԽ˸Ȥˡ壬ǳĿԼ̰Ů˲ӵֲͬľʣԽҪȥ
顣ᵭɨһۣģҲ⣬̰ͫѾҪǰľŮѹºݺݵ̫ů¯֮·
ԽԽ˽ĸۡĹӱŶ꿡֮ʿʥ˵ˣвٷǹʥĹϼ壬Щ⣬һЩޣĹȺ۶ܹƽСһǳҫ֮£Ķ
Ĺӣʱȥƽôʱһλ۵ʵ
Ȼλ٣ʱ󷨣ͬʱƽⶼɣֱܽȫƣƽĹ΢Ц˵
ܴܻ˵
ǧȷֻǼ򻯰ģܾܴ֮߱ҲλˡĹɺЦĽ͡
ãһԡֻһӰڿգ̤Ǿ޴֮У̼䣬׹âţҫ۶Ŀ޾Ưһööһ𣬳ֲֿʥ⣬ȴƯǲڴ˿̣̤һʱһֲȻƿնϵ˺ȥ
䣡ӶʱһӳԶȥȻӲδأٶܻתƣһƳ˺ȥͬʱղЩɷ˹ȥֹܻ಻
ܴӵܻܹܻûƽ֮СƺҲֲ̺ܻƺڽȥɱȺһĻаܻĹͬһ˲ΰ㣬ܿ콫˺ʹöԷΪǱɫÿ漴ЦĹӣСȻܻƽ⡣
޷Ĺ΢Ц˵ԼҲƲˡ
ĹӵĻ¶м֮ɫǸԲ˵ˣʹĹֺøУ˵ĹȴˣȻ
󷨣ȥȻֻгķݡһһʹɫһЦʧĮɨ˵֮һۣԷһǿǿߣֻܱ졣
ͲŴʱԶһӰƿնˣ㶼ʷǷһŮӣףǼΪϴһϯ£߹ʥࡣ
ʥŮ֮㺮Ӳѷ˿Ⱥаһߵλ꣬ҲǱѰŽɫ泤ۣͷ̫ڣ̫֮ɫһǿʢϢͬˣϴһϯƤ£͸ַ֮㣬Ѿ
ļﵽˣ̫ǹ⥣Ϊ£ﱾ岻꣬ȴʥŮںȺͷɶǷǳˣޱȡ
ųޱȵ̫ԣ建ڿգĿⶴգڵ壬̫֮ǰһ̫ܽһˣǴ֮Ŷ˵ûҲң߲ŶŶеƲ磬ϴĪ⣬û֪ʲôޣ˵óߵ
ڵ̫֮ͫɨͣĮ߳α̫֮Ҳڱǰ
͡һֲ̫ɱֱͶȥһ̫ȭâƿգձѣâҫۣȻ˿ֻһ˫̫֮ͫǰͫװԵޱߣ·ǽɫ̫ҫĿ
ֲ֮˳̫ûһУ屬ˣӿֲֿ̫⻷סȻȴվղĵطĮмɨһۣ֮ܣҲ档
ˣһֲֿ̫âϯգɫë̫Ŀˡ
㲻һսڽŲ̤ԭأ漴СĿ⿴һۣ֪ܷ󷨣ɱɱЩŵ磬Ⱥ֪ǿġ
ʹ˿䣬ַ㣬ôͿʼӹ𣿡
ַ㵭Ƴһۣղű裬תߣ
ܾ֮ˣôϻַЦ£ʹͫȴַ㿴ö࿴һۣ̫ʥǿߣʵԲӡ壬ײĻҲĹžЩˣַѾڿôȥŪһ߼ĹžˣЩű츳Է壬ǣž÷ǳЩʥӵܶӵпֲžôҲҪŪһʺԼǿžС
ûкõĳֻʲôԼŪˡ
аַһַۣʧ֪ǷҪڸаʱûпڣҲַ֪Ҳһ˵
ȥһ󷨡²ܽŲ̤֮ϣ͸ղһâţĲ̤ӿʼƣ֯ɿֲʼɨӡ塣
²ʮ⻷貣վһһӡӡ⻷ɱϵĨֱٶȹƽڿա
ÿ̤һӾͻᶯһΣ㲻Ļֱ㲻ȺһĻаһ󷨣㲻޷
²̤ڶܿ죬͸ղŽȻͬĹƸ֣ӳһ¹ٴαӡ
ղ̤󷨵ʱȵòͣ߶ʹңƬ̽˿̶²ȴӡ֤ÿһ̤󷨻ֲı仯ܻΪֹ
һλó󷨵ǿ߿˵ĸ֮ۡУԽԽˣһЩǿߺˡ
ڣ²ڼ˼֮Լ󷨣Ϊ
вȥԣϵʧܣǵʧܣЩ󷨴ʦʼ٩٩̸
̤֮Уǿͨӱ䶯ģֻܣҲܹܡһλǿ߻˵ǿվߣ̫ʥǿߣΪͨ
Ǻǣ¶оҲΪһ˻˵
ĹĿ¶Ц⣬յ֮ˣȥ󡣡
ڵĿϣ֪ûпʲô
˸󷨣Ϊһʱܶ
תַ֮Ŀ΢΢ţɵ£ַӴһʱգ۾˼ʱ򣬱ǷӳǿʱѵҲ


1685 ɱ
޼óǿܻܻܴ侫Ҳܻܴ󣬵ܻͬΪ
޼۵޼Լ䣬ǴŶʥã߿ŲɷָĹϵ
ʱַԺг޴֣ÿһӷ·УǿƵһΪ̣ң֮ˣ͸֮·ʥ壬Ҫܴ
аɷһַ֡Ŀаϣ˵
аɫ΢ͣΪĿַһۣɻǵ˵ͷŲ̤ʼ̤ÿ̤һʹܻǿʢ˺湥ԽԽܼаӵнⶼ޷֧ţֻ֡
Σаַ
һ˿ơַ㿪˵ʹĿⶼ
ͬʱ֣Ҫ֮ˣĽ롣ַ㻺ڣղλ֮ʱӦ÷֣ԽλãܻĹԽܼˣҲ󷨵Ĺؼ˴ĸλȻ󲻶ϸıĴλҲеӣĵȵȫߵ֮ʱҲơ
ղв󣬹۲ַ㷢ַ֣ƺΨһе֮ˡ
Сȥԣܹȥ̽ҵķܴûôˣû˸ȥԣ˵·Ҳ̽ʲô֪󷨺ܴмơ
֪СҲ󡣡̫ʥһλ󷨴ʦɨַ㣬Щǿ߶ûַ㾹Ȼ٩٩̸δ档
ܴܻ׾֪ܴ֮׿ơһλղ˵ǿ߿˵һֱУʼû̸ַ֮㾹Ȼ˵ƽķǸղЩʲô
ܴȥ󣿡ַĿɨǿߣ˵˼ֱԲѣܴ˴˿Ǵ󻹳ʥʵأȥơ
ߣǿϹ򡣡һ
֪ߵغϷҲмʮعŶҲڴָָ㡣̫ʥǿ߷˵
΢΢һЦ˵ȷЩ֪ߵغ񡣡
ַĿɨˣ漴Ӱһֱ֮УʱâʢȫƯ
ʱ㣬ѵ֮˵ʵǿʱҲǿߣ˵Ļ˳Цַվ֮ϣĿɨˣϹһԱ֪αϡ
һ֪ν֮ˡ

Щǿ߼ַſ񣬲ɵһŭһﾹȻȫѵ
ȥлնͶԵǿ˵ĿĮĶַ㣬һﲻ֪ôҪѰ·ǾͳȫɱַĻǿɾҵġ
˵˵ͷ漴Ųһ̤֮ͬϣȻ֮ʱûܻʥ⹥
䣡̫ʥǿһż̤ףʱ֮ʥ֮˸ͣһ̤֮·ıʥ·ߣʹһ͵ĳַ㱬ȥ
Ȼó󷨵̤ȥǲܹͬͨΪáȺһĻ˵ȴַϣʱӷ·ƮԺС
Ų貣ַŲһ̤֣ʱǰһֲâţ¡һ죬ùڶԷĹ֮ϡ
Ȼϳġ￴ַ㣬Ժͬһ֣аַǼ򵥵ĺ̫ˣǰԷĹͬʱж֯ɵ󷨣һˣֻӲ󷨹
ߡԷһŲϵ̤ʱһʥƷϳɸźַ㡣
˳мʮ꣬Ҳӹ֮ˣֵز
䣡ַŲݺһ̤棬ʥ⽻֯һӷ·Ϊãֱһ޴Ƹ֣˲ϢΪıѿһУʹй赲⡣
ҪɱңַͷĮԷ󷨹
֮Ҳſ񡣡ǿһ淨һ̤ʹչƴСֹ̤ʥںԼµ󷨳ַɱȥ
֡Ⱥͷ΢ֲܹܻܹ󷨴ʦ
ַȻѷֵ֪¡
ǰһƽɱַһ̤磬˸кξֻ֮ǰֲѣַɱǰ̤֮н֯ɣһööС
ɱַŭһŲǰĲ۾޷׽ԷŲһ̤Ȼ̤һɲǷԱһһУʱɫ΢䣬ȻȻ䱬ʹɫ䣬˷Ĺɱȥ޷Ӧ
ֲĻ涸Ȼ䱬ѿǿʢһ̫֮ȭ˷һУƣ˸ɱֻƹ֮һַ̤ȥҪֱʵĨɱַ㡣
ɡһâ岢δλʣҪɱ̸ַס
ߡаҲһǿδ̫ûãû뵽ַ֮Ͼ裬ƺΪ󷨴ʦ׼սֳַһпƾޡ
ַӰˣ۾Ǳŵģÿһ֮ϣʹʥⱩǣ޾ĹóԷɱȥʹǿɫһ̫ȭâϵĺ⵽Ĺ
ַĽŲͻȻֹסˣǰ̤ÿһֲ̤֯·ʹ̫ʥǿܹƷѵöԷӦӲϾ
ַ㿪ʼŶԷΧ̤ԷκδϢĻᣬΧȺһĿѣʱַӰ㣬̤ַԼ뵽ֿ֮УԺĸһУƿһУָоǳƺԶӸտʼĳԽԽӦ֡
һ̫âѣһжըǿҪϿƿȻڿջĨһȺʱַȻſޱȿֲһŭɱɲ֮䱬ѡ
ǣȺֻԷԴֱӱѣʱͷ͵£·ûʶô£漴оʼɢȥ淨


1686 
ÿĹƺܿ¡Ⱥܵɢλ׹䣬о˵ĽַԾԵսʤԷĨɱǿ߸ոճ󷨣ȴû뵽ֱַӸɱһ
ַǵӵɽĹɲ޲̺ɲ֮ٶȣȴűȴѻҪԵĹԷ˲䱻Уܲ
ν󷨸ˡַĮĿɨղǽļˣ˵Ҳ֪ߵغ񣬻λǰͽһ¡
Ǽɫÿ
ϵȷЩ裬˻ɱ˿ֳԲѷδ̫ЩһλǿĮӦ
۾Ϲ𡣡ַɨһۣղпʼ¶ԣҪ֮ɱ˷
ЩкοɷϻģղһֺҪ֤ԼֻҪ̤һԱɡ˵һʹǼƿԣǵԲȸղ̤̫ʥ֮ǿ
ʱɫ䣬ַ㣺ղɱ̫ʥ֮ˡ
ΣַĮӦ
Լа˵̫ʥļλǿߴҲ˼֡
λִˣɡĹӴʱ΢Ц˵·Ҫ»⡣
ղַѾ˵֪֮û˭ԸһԡĹĿ⿴ˣ΢Ц˵
ҹ㺮ԸһԡʱһȺȻ֣λƮȻɵŮӷ׷ǰȥҪȥ
һĻȻǳȺϣĹӿһĻ¶һĨЦݣԸȻǧһԡ
ֻĵӰͬʱǰһһλ㺮˵Ļλÿ˶ҪһΪǵֵ֪λԸ֡
ַ˻ɫһĨɫ㺮ڲ˵ƺ֪֮
ɡ
һ
˷׷ֱ̤ԸϹ㺮ӣһȻ˾ܾ
Ȼˣ¹ӡ͹ӡХӡ乫ϰɡŮ΢Ц˵漴²˷׷ߵŮߵЦŵӣ͸еҡ
ҿһôַĿ⿴ᣬû뵽Ϊһˡ
ַ㹫˵ǹ㺮ڵŮӺЦ˵
ɡŲַ̤ߣҲ˽һЩݣ̤
ҲãԸ㺮һӦûɡַ㵭˵ʱǹ㺮Ů΢Цַ֮㹫ȻԣǱһɡ
˳ߵӾֹţ΢Ц˵漴һ䵹Ҳû⣬һһ
ȻˣλɡĹӶЦ漴һӰ̤Ľǣ£Ůϣ̤ǵļ
ҵĻ̤ͬʱֿ˶Ž̤ŵ˵ַĿ⳯Ͽȥֻͷһۣܡ
áַ΢΢ͷֻоһâͣڶԷУһĨɱ⡣
ȿڣʱַŲ΢΢ƣ̼䣬һӹâת֯ɿֲơ
ǰ
һ
˼˵֮ڣ漴ֻâ֯ӹâ·ص˰㣬һâײȻ֯ӱѵ·ʧ˰㣬غϱѵʱϵĹӣʹȺһĨַ˵ķĿУ˵Ҫδ̫˰ɡ
ҪҪᣬѹֹ㺮ڻŮͬʱӦòַеΪȣʲôʱҲˣ
Ҳһˣ㺮ڵӶС
һٴοڣͬʱλ㺮½˵˼ͬʱ̤ٶȽ֯ͬʱҲ๥ַǹͽַֿ֮˵ʵ⹥Ȼ⡣
ˣҴλȺɫһַ˵ûıͬʱߵмʱ󷨾Ͳôǿ
ߴһʱ﷢̤һʱַ˻ȥ˷׷׻ˣǷǳϾ̤һҪĲܡ
֮ڲϵѭ֮У˵彥Ŀһм䣬ʹùȺֽ֮УСܴܻСƽ⣬ܴҲԣ
λӰˣȻӵµȺоЩ˼飬츳һֱźܿ£Գǿ⣬ǣ㺮ڵĹ㺮ӣ֪ǹ㺮ġ
ʱ仺Ķȹ֮˵ӰԽԽҲ̤ಽÿһǶ˻ȥʱͬһλóȴͣԣܣʹӲͣѣм֮ʱ󷨵ûмǿԽԽ
󷨴ʦҪǿӦҲŶԡַԽıˣǣԼڰиָ
ڣϳ֮УǲǰУмһ̣ӹѾʧ漴󷨱ƿȺĿɿڴĶһĻ
ƽˡȺû뵽˾Ȼλˡ
ˣȻ䣬һӰƿգֱȥ
ܺϣ֮иˡ²ܶŹ㺮ӿ˵漴ӰڿնȥХ˷׷׸һ˸ȥ
뿪ˣͫһܴǻؼˡ
ĪСĺܴйأַ㿴һĻһû뿪̫ʥ岢ŶУȥ
ӣԵͶ΢Ц˵ɫޣûʹɫӲ
㺮ڣҪǡһƮַУʹַͷ΢ԣ仰Ǻ⣿
ߣǸȥʥˡڵ˸ŶĿ֮⣬Щ˵ı֣ƺܴйϵˣдҪȥˣ
һӰڿգʥľַ˸ȥ


1687 
ʥľַû뿪ʱֲ̤
ַ˽ʥַ֮ʱ֮صǿɻبǣƴ
Щ˶Ÿϻؼ嵱УĪȷĸ̵ۡСΪܴ⡿˵һЩš
Χȥܴȷ󷨵ķŴ棬ΣͲö֪ˣЩЩǿԻоϣòǵġƽ˵
ַɫƽȷЩʥǿԻԼľϣֻҪűˡ
ϲļһﾹȻءַĿɨΧ漴㷢һϯ۵Ӱ׵һ˿̵ǵĺܣһ䵱У·㣬ַ㲻֪ڵʲô
ڴʱһȻ併٣Ⱥ׷̧ͷ漴ֻо·Ҫ̮㣬ڲ
֮ǲ𣿡Ⱥа漴ֻһ֮ˣ뿪ǧ֮ء
Ⱥͫ΢΢£ʥϹҪˣҪ
׵зâ˸漴ӰƮˣûκԥȻɣ·Ѿµ˽㡣
֮ϣӡҫأʹȺͫٶ¼ҵϹҲˣҪܴˡ
ߡ￪˵һӰХˣ˶뿪û˸ֲܵĻּֱӿԽѹ壬ɱͬһ򵥣Ѵ֮
˿ʱкü֣Ⱥ֪ǸʥԼĳֲǿߣϧǱ˺ǧ֮⣬ûлĿЩֲˡ
ǧ֮⣬ַĿⶢԶʲôֻ૵֪ܷƿܴ󷨱ƣֻʲô
ҲС硣ӦÿһǿĹĺĵطС磬һ̫ױݻٵʥ屻֮ôǿߵС粻֪ˣܴ󣬱һС硣
ˣԶһֲ֮ȺĶĤ֮Уʹ֪ǱѾʼˣ˴Ķֲܴ
㺮ڵŮΪôǿǰȥСУǾ仰Ǻ⡣ַӿʣ㵱ʱﲻֵĻ㺮ܽƽģѵΪ˸߸ʥ壬ķ
ַܸоûô򵥡
ԶһɹɿֲϢǧ֮ĵطȺܹоһɿֲʱΧɲַǣһЩʥĴۺǿʶΧǳ󷨡
ȻʱĹȥǹȻıЩʹȺ˸ŷâǷζڼƣ
ַĿ⿴׵ֻۣǼһǳıĿ񣬷·һкģַףһҪǲĲˡ
䣡Ȼ䣬Ⱥֻоͷ͵һǧ֮ĵطһɿµļµ˼£κεʱ̶ˡ
䡢䡢䣡һֲȺʱ˺棬׷ʲô¡
ߡֻ˿ЩʥĴǿ̤ԶȥһĻʹȺͫЩʥĴǿ󵽵׷ʲô
ʥˣʥСˡһͻȻʹȺͷ͵һһ̸ǿ̤׷׳ǰȥʥˣ
һŭ֮漴ֻ¡ı첻ϣȺֻԶгֿµĻ֮ɢǿˣ֪˭ɱ
ߡ˷׷̤ݷǱѰЩʥĴǿߣ׶ǵġ
Ʋ㷭ֲϢ뿪ʹȺӿ²⣬ǺǴǿ뿪ˣѵͬ˵һʥˣ
ַصλõʱ򣬷Ѿʧˣ²һ£Ȼһ¹ܴƺֻ⹬һڡ
ЩǿģȺĿ⿴ǹȻûˣǰܼǿأЩۼȵǿʶʧˣ֮أһЩǿ߶ȴû˽ȥ
ƮʥơȺϸڣ漴㷢˿˿żâϸĻ޷֡
ʱ޾֮ңĿռ䣬ͻȻ˺ܶӰǷԼλ֮һͷŭ⣬ǻܴʥƴƿ֮ڱƽ⣬ھȻҲ壬Ǹ̤оʹ͵ⲻ֪ôԶľ룬ܴûбȫƽ⣬ܻһֲĴ͹
ܴܣ֮һзŭظϡ
ܴ֮أȺ̤Уڴʱ¡һ촫ֻһƲ·𳹵׼ʧĵ¹
Ⱥɻԥ̤УǿҲ⣬ڴǿߣѾûдˣղЩٶ̫죬±һȻǽȥĿ죬߸졣
λȥƶȥҲ˭ʱһϯ۵׵ۻӶŸ漴ֱӲ¿յĹ֮УȺĶӰȻĳ棬ʥѾʧˣû塣
˳Ǿ޴һӰУʵǳտֻһݵͷһ
ұߵĽҲһͬǸͷӣҪ΢ص㣬ֻмׯϣң˫֮УоһҶ飬һһ̣֮ǰ¶̺ơ
رĵطΣգҲ˭ϵ׼Է׵˵ŽŲмȥ
ȻڴʱһֲϢȻ併׵۵ϣʹĽŲһ漴˦һϵһԴš
˵գ׵۵Ӱȥһǿ߷׷׳м̤ȥĿȡ
һҳ̫ˣԺֻһ£ʥ
䣡һӰͬʱ̤磬ֱ˿տǰһҳ顣

ҵġ¡¡ı֮δ飬սѾ˭˶žܿʥ̡
ϵ˵ˣر֮رΣա׵̾һ֪ߵУǾǵͷ
ƶϵԵҾ˰ɡ׵ƺһĻַ۾˸ͣ׵һʲôʱô˵ˣž̰ǰģȥһûõĵ
ַҪĸַܲĳұ߽˹ȥ


1688 ᱦ
վסַ̤֮ʱһַعͷ㿴Ͷ
ǽ֮ʥ幬֮У˭֪ʲô챦ԣϵ㻹ǽµĺáɨַһۣ漴Ŀ׵ۣϵʿ˫۾ĺܣݵĵ䲻һʲôرҲܾôױߣңַҪұ
ı㲻ȥ֣ϵֻ˼еĶαҪ׵۾Ц
͵ȹʥǶûż֣˿̴е˲٣󲿷ֶǹǿߣʺܶ࣬Щᵽ˱Σ
еĶҲСƽ˵â˸ֻгһ˱̫֣пµ̫֮ת·̺µµ̫ʹƬռ¶ȶȻࡣ
ЩʥĽܳôûһЩֲıеİ˱̫֣·а˿̫㣬Ǳһ
ƣеİ˱ֳ̫Ͽպɱȥʱ̵Ⱥ۾̫ܽ˵ͫ׶ˣһɼѹ٣ϵһлΪǴ۵ֱ̫ӷˣʹ¶⣬͵̫ʥ֮һԾ̤빬棬ȵȺȻ󣬵ְֳ˱ֵ̫ɲӣع涼ֱӺûܴıعԵúܴ
²һ建ڿգ漴âţʮӡ⻷·ǧӡ⻷Ľ֯ţһƿֲӡ֮Ƭռ䶼ס
ЩʥӼر֮λʶնɱȺͷݣսļ˷·ûʲô˼ʥӵеıѾԽ˻ǵ۱ϵġ
ÿֲıǹʥĵַ̡аŽϷаһ˳ǹŽ֮⣬ΪͬйŽرɱºۼס
Щʥĵƽս涼õϵرϾʵֳϻܵвʱϵĵ֮ȻҪˡ
ХĲ¡׵峤ìһֲ׷׸֣ʹЩսֹֿͣսûȥᱦΧǿ߻ЩʥĵӴյ֮õ»ĺܿ졣
һ˲䣬ռ侹Ȼһΰ
׵ۺַ˿Ǿ뱦ģ׵Ѿõһ˵ĵַڰ·ͣˣվûҶƬռķΧԵЩŹ֡
һɹɱַϣַɨһվϿյͣͷĮ˵лᶨҪնһӵе֮вܴ󡣡
䣡Ȼ䣬һɿ񱩵Ļ֣Ⱥֻ֮гһ޴ޣ̫ͬҫۣ㡢̫ڡ
ͷ̫ʹڻһֲ⻷סʹȺɫ΢ԭͷһֱŵ̫ʹڣһµı
ַ㣬мĶҪȥǵõ֡׵۵ַУʹַɫ΢ϼһʥ֪ôعб֪
áַ㴫һȻô룬㿴ݣҪõȫҲôء
ѲǹŽĽ㻹Ļɡ׵۵һŮӣôˮ飬һʥŮַлὫ°ɣ췹ܶܲˣʱŶ뢵Ůˣ˭Ҷ㡣
ַͷϲȻƲ£ĺܣʲôˣаҲ֪˿ֽԼ£
ûʲôõıҪáַ㴫
񱾵㣬ѾǱˡ׵ŭһˣҪˣร
ַһ㶣漴ֻ׵۵ĽŲȻ̤ڴ֮ϣ¡һ죬ֻм˫ŵıͻȻһ޷ס͵̤
ˡ¡һ죬ʱֲƸ֣Ⱥֻ׵ڵλû죬Ӱֱӳ˼ǧ⡣
ˡͿ׵ŭһŵһ˵ĵ񲻻бɣ
˱̫޾Ŀ̫һֻâɱ׵ۡ
ӲҪϡһֻٶȱѣӰٴʧԭأ¡һֲ촫˱̫ŵĿֲ̫طճһֲѷ׵۵Ӱӵģ
ڵٶȿ磬ͳֵһɲҲͬʱˣһ̫̫ʹб͡
͸ղѾ˹һΣ˴θģ˱ֺ̫ݺݵն˳ȥͬһֲֿ̫˳ȥչѣֲ̫֮ʹÿռ·Ҫȼ㡣
ӡ²Яӡâǧӡ⻷ֲ£·ҪˣκҪʴĹҪ档
ϲ߻Ҫսַ㿴һĻ˵˿ѾмһͱЩ˲ðȥ׷׵ۡ
ڴʱһЩӰַ߶Ŀһû˶ĵһĻʹַͫ΢΢£׵۵˼бҪõ֡
һööַϣַ֣ͬʱ֮Ϳռ֮Ю׼ǿᡣ
ˣڣַӰͬ㣬쵽˼飬˲Ϣǰֱ֮ӿס
ߣһ֮Щǿͬʱ¹ӡɱַ㣬ʱַһö׵һȻʧһֱӳаǰû׵۴ôԶܹ㹻ˡ
¡аȡһľʹȺͫ£ȻùľģЩǿܹĸܵľ֮Уֲ̺֮


1689 
аº޹ءǿ߻ַ㡣
аһ³ʹЩɫѿаǹŽĽ壬ǺôǿߣҲǰа㲻ֱǹδ̫Ŀˡ
Žʵǿͨʶ֣ҶԷн֣֪̺ʲôҪԸ򵥡
ʮ壬ǽɣҪûáһ޵ַ㣬Ҳһرһֲ̺Ҳһ߼߼ϲΡ
˿ƬռɲйʥǿߣʥĹ֮ˣҲࡣ
Ҫ뿪мı׵ǼٵĻҵĴӲˡַеĿⶢеȺЩ˶λʺλǿߣмλ޵꣬ǿЩʥһ
ˣȻ䣬ַͬһ˸뿪ʹЩǿͫ΢΢һ
ӵõ𣿡ǿ߱˵ǿ߽Ųͬʱ̤׷ַ㣬Ƥ¾ȻҪߡ
ڴʱֻһööַ˦˳ֱǼնɱ磬˲Ϣն֮ϣ¡Ŀֲ֮¿ַǷۿµֲЩǿͬʱһҪ
ͣһ֮漴ַֻסһɫǹǹһԴУ¡һ죬ɢһĻʹЩǿɫ£˲䱻նһλʣ
һŭһֲĴطХַֻоԼҪס
ֱһöӰȻʧԭأڴʱаһ̤գǽ׻Źףɱ£ʹȺɫ䡣
СġŭȺ˰㳯ӶݣȻ˿ֻ֮ӿ޾⣬һ𳤴Ｘǧ׵ĹŹ׸ֱֵ֣棬аһգ»һľЩǿߵӰȻʧ
ַ̤ȥͬһ쫷һһǿӰĿⶢַӰ΢ЩԥڣֻһλʽŲ̤赲ַǰֲĽɫӡշѹ޼᲻ݡ
һöַ˦˳ȥֱǽɫĴӡϣ漴ֳֳǹַ彵٣ǹֱӴ֮ϣµֱ֮Ӻñѣַǰǹ·ʧ˰㣬û֮С
ͣ
ʧĳǹֱӹᴩ˶ԷԴʹͫ׽Դ漴ըѣǳǹ̺֮û֮УһзٶȡֻļĹǿ󣬵ȴĪ⡣
ַ̤ǰǹ֮С
ǣһɺӺɱֱַһöռʧԭأֲ׵ڿռһ׹⡣
Ӳֻһַֻ֣оԼĺ󱳱εɫ΢΢̣ÿֲĻܹƿպӡ
ȻתַֻԶǹֳ̤
㲻궢ַ㣬Į˵ַавǳĹϵɱἤŭаʱа̫ʥԼڵļǿסٶַ㡣
㿴ҵ˭ַ˵ʹùĿ⿴ַ۾
ɱַ㱬һֲԼħ־һ˲ȫţʹԺ͵һֻоʹޱȣ·ҪԨ㡣
նַ㱬һһ½â˲Ϣն˶Էֱ֮ϣʹֱһµ䣬ͬһʱַ̣嶯һԷ
ʱѾ˹ɫ԰ף콣âӿ֣ƺҪַȴѾն
ɫĳǹͫ׵вϷŴһ죬Ŀ
ַӰûƬͣͬһ㳯¿վȥֱӺֱͬʱ
Զǹǿ߿ַɱַ㣬ʱɫѿһ죬׺Ҷ£ֲĽᴩ壬ʹķѣֱӷֻնʬ޴档
һҳžǿյġʱӡ²ܶᵽһҳ飬һӡֱ󱬣ӡһ㲨ûС
ٵģȺͫ£ɫÿŶ²ܵҿ
ȺŶ²ܣǼ٣Ȼƾһ֮ʡ
һƭǲɣȥ²Į˵һҳ˦˳ȥͽס漴һۣɫһ¿յ̣̣ѵҲǼٵģ
֪ˡӰһһû˺ӹ֮͵һգ촫ѣʹɫĴսǼٵģ
񡣡
˿˵Ļ£˱ֵ̫̫֮շѹ£Ϊޣʲôûʣ¡
ʲôûУǱˣˡɫĮ
ֹǣʥΪܴˣȸĴԼǿʧ٣Ľ֣ʲôûУȫʥŪˡ
һʥαǺܴ󱣻عҿôǿߣǻǵøղͨĵ𣿡
ԣǳʿһعֱǰȥߵõѸ뿪⡣뵽ǳʿɵ
ʮ壬õұֱˡХĮʹͫһֲϢͷš
һʿһʮ壬ܺã
аڹʥ̸ĿһĨɫַƺǵʿʶҲõʲô
ʥ֮⣬֮ǿҲû̫ɣ˸ɱַ㣬ҹŽĵˡа˵һ漴תȥ
ŵĽ塣Żâ漴Ųһ̤ߣҵõ𣿡
θɡĮ˵漴Ųһ̤뿪ʥʥĵعʥ


1690 
ַ뿪֮һ׺ͳۣңɻصԼסĿջ֮УȻȴȻ֣ľڿջ棬ɵ¶һĨɻ֮⡣
ֻǳȥתתˡַаţѡ˸ڵԺס̤Ժ䷿档
ŶһЩ඼ǷǳģסջҪѲСĴۣջҲṩ˴
Һַܴ㵽ֱ֮ȡڵɨûʲô֡
һӡȻַƵкһ죬ֱӷ򵥵ķˣҪıﲻܻᱻּݻٵġ
񱻺ɳ֮ϣȴһ̣ɢŵڹâͬ㡣
ַ̣̺ͫ͵¹мƣһڱϣһȴڵ֮Уڵʱ֮£˭ȥм
΢ַǿ֮뵽֮УȻ䣬УȻ޷԰Σʹַͷ͵Ĳ·һɿֲ֮ûȥ
Ƭַ֮Ѿоڵ壬ʱ·֮ڣվ޾֮УΧؿտӵ޾ӣһ֡
޾ӶȻû뵽վеԺУʱʹ̲һĪϵ·֣Ϊ
ܡͽܣΪӣַ۾ĸо̫ˣĿľڤ·ڶ֮С
ܣַһʱ֮УǰһӷϽűǨַܻܻ̣ͫԺз·ܻϵĳԡʧгɹܷ·޾ֹϢ
Ƭ֮յгһ嫴âʢ
ÿ£ܡַͷ΢ܣôأǷͬʥǿһ
αװɶ²ܺһսǿߣܻ˸档
ںϹַ㳢Ÿ̵ܻ֣ĿԸǿһС
Ҳγɻʣַа̣ʼܣһַӰڷսͬʱһַӰڱչؿޣȴһУַӰڲãصַ֣ӰŲ֮ͬ¡
䣡ѣеһжɢ
ʧˡַɫ΢̹ֻӵй˲ܹܵղһɲǣ˸̬µԼȻʧˣɲɷ̵Ŀ¡
ַֻ޾˸⣬Ǹӣ޾
΢Ȼ䣬ЩӿַԺ֮У·Ҫںϡ
ĿСַ΢Ȼ֮
̵ʲôʵıǿʥַ΢вУȴһС
Ŷʥ˶Ѱˣһʿһַ㣬ǳʿƺ˽ʥ¹еһУߵп»̺ʥıʥַ㣬㲻ɱҲҪõĶϾа˵ɱַŽΪУһصĽ壬ǹʥ嶼Ըȥǡ
ʱ˶ʶһǳҪ⣬ŶǿߣǱ˭ˣֻǳʿ
ǵȻûǣʥʥǿԼЩֲȥ󣬶ΪĸۡĹ㺮ڵӺʥŮСȻƺûбȻϵ޷Щǿȥ󣬵Ⱥȴһʣ㺮ڵӣΪʲôССƣΪܴȴʹʥǿǱ飬ֱüЩʥĴܼǿ߲ŷ׷׹˵Ǳ͵ǳңԶĵشȥˡ
һУֻˣЩʥ˶ûȥҹ㺮ڣҲֻдһЩ뵽Ķѣ࣬Щǿ
οЩʥǿߺ͹㺮ڵӽΪУʱһû̸£гΪ֮ơ
ҹ֮£Ƿ֮ʱаסķ֮Уа֮⣬һӰ˿ڴϣ΢΢Ǿѩ׶֮ǳǳӡϵţȻմ˿̽ΣɢħΨ˫۾ô峺Ψ
аϳջͪ壬Ŀⲻɨһһ̲֮֮죬һ˵Īо
Ϊʲôа峺۾͸Ų⣬ΪĿԼȻǵһΣôĽߡȴĸԸðķ·𶼵ȼˡ
ΪʲôŮ峺Ŀ⿴а漴Ӵһۣ۽ǷѾһˮ
Ůӻ򿪴һ¹Ľ֮ϣ漴ֻ΢΢һͬӰƮɶȥ
аûߵǰŮʧһµ䣬漴ӰҲˡ
ؿ΢΢һʹаһηԼҲǷˣ֮ټͣ츳ǿһˣһˣᡢѪյˡ
ˣ顣
顢顣аŴ૵ıĿģҲ֮
˵գаһޱȷ֮⣬ͫޱȡ
ΪֻɲǼĴ꼻һֵ𺳣а˿֪۶ԷΪѾһӣ֮ˣһУŮ˱


1691 Ů
㺮ڡаվڴǰ૵ҹһĻĻԺл֮ȥû뵽УˣأЩŮǷֻķʽʥ֮ӣ
һħ۾ΪűˣֻҲңΪգǶػʡа
ʱһӰ˸ʹаɫһ˭
ҡַӰаǰа֪ڿʲôӽȻûз֣ʧ񣬿ɲһ塣
ˣŶ˶㡣аַ˵
һֱԱߵԺ֮Уﶼûȥַаûпӣ
ģڻûг֡
Ҳ֪ȥаɫһ
ַаĻͷ΢΢£һ˿뿪ģ
뿪ҾһֱûзˣΪ֪ȥа
Ĳܻһ뿪ҵģϵ⡣ַͷ΢ʹڻˣѵͬ˵һ
ǣȥ
תַĿԶػʣ𣡡
ػʣа¶һĨɫַ㾹Ҳ֪ػʡ
֪ػʣַаʵ
Ȼ㺮ǧǰֹһŮػʣɹڲء˵㿴κη֮ֻо಻£ǽӴ˶޲ڣڵʱ˲С䶯Ŷٵ޷԰Σоһħ۾ģйʥ֮ĸԸϹž飬ŶƶʥѰ
а˵ƺػ֮˲١
˵㺮ʧǧ꣬ǺػйأΪͬʱõ˼ž飬ڹ㺮֮ڣʹùʥ޷ݵ¹㺮ڣЩʥ棬ʥ塣
ַаĻ𶯣ػʣǹ㺮֮ˡ
ɱңܻͨƺʥѵǹ㺮֮ˣôڵʱַһð²ܴɱ顣
ԣʥַ¶â㺮ʥԣȹ㺮֮ӵǿС˰ǻԼӹɣΪ㺮ʥ
ػʱ˿ɲЩɻʱԵˣҹʥĳͬħȿǿߣ֪аֵһ
㺮ʥַͻȻ俪˵ʹаһâ漴΢΢ͷпܣʥ
㺮ڸʥ֪֮ʥַٶȿڡ
ƺаɵͷ㺮˶֪㺮ڸûΡ
ǧǰʲô飬㺮˶ʧʥǷֶԸյĹ㺮ڣУǧ֮Ľչ㺮䣬ʥƺһûжǶֵ˼֪ӵʥ¡
ַ㿪˵ʹа˳˼УЩûȥǹʱַ˵ȴӿһܵ뷨
ΪۣʥôԿ϶ۺػйϵʥһԹ㺮ڳֹ֤ʥĻǲٶ㺮ˣ񣬹㺮֣Ϊػ
ַһ仰ת뿪
ŮػĹػĹϵַּû
ػʣŮһʥ𣬹㺮ڻʧЩʥ岻ҶԹ㺮ڶ֣ʥܴ⻹ҪȥҲйϵ
ػѾҪ²ˣ㺮ڣ
ַȥȴӿǿҲεаַһϯƺǧǰۣػйϵңػˣַô֪һУΪ֪ػ
ַ㵱Ȼ֪ΪŮˣҲػʣǱ𣬶ػһػʣ
ػ֮ٻع㺮УŶƱãַ㿴ŮӣǸŮˣõǿĹžӡ
ַûмȥģҵΣػڣܴģҪ飬ʡ
ַĲ²ƺܿõ֤ʵ㺮㺮УӵʥʥҪʥͬǿĹʥ
һϢŶһƣ˶۴£㺮ھȻӵʥңѵǲĹʥǿȥ᣿
ʵϣû˶㺮ڣЩʥҲûȥ
Ȼʥǿޱȣǣһʥ崫꣬ĹʥεҪһ޶ֻʥ嵱ڵĺĺ󱲣˸Ҷǹʥ⣬ǻ᲻ϧһд۽õնɱʥǵĸ
һƺַûйϵ㣬ҵṳ̂ջ벽
һʱ䣬Ŷ˲ٴ£ҵǿܵõʥ屦ĳʿɱԷһսɱʮλʣлλλǿߣòǿ߳ȴһʧȥ˶Էټ
⣬Ŷһ׷׳ʥЩѾʼԣӡ²ܣ̤ʾ磬ǧӡ⻷
һº󣬲Хڹ㺮䱬ͻսһֲХʣ䡣
ս󣬲Х緢Ȼսĵڶ죬ʧ˼յаͳͬʱ֣ңһʵʵֵģ˴ԣ˾һֲս˫˫ʾ
̶ڣλ󱲷ֱɻʣʹùʥһ粨㺮ڳֵһʱ䣬ŶһλƽˣЩûгɻʵѰǿߴսϣʾҪ˦ˡ
һ죬ҹɫ¿ո߹ң㺮ڵĺºУһڹ֮ϣ͹ͤе֮裬ʱºȱ
һӰ̤Ӱɫ֮±úֱܳߵˮߣĽŲͣĿ⳯źºеĹͤȥϵĿ⣬͸һƽ
ʮ塣˷ֺߵַ㣬Ŀʱ΢񣬿ء
Ŀַ⳯Ͷȥ׷׿ڣʮַ㣬Ȼҳ֡
ַ㡣һֻХӰںˮϿգƮַ㣬֮дǳǳЦ⡣
þòХַ΢Ц˵ȻһĨЦȴôºͣԵЩ죬·˿˿Ӹµζ񣬲ХΪʣ


1692 򲻽
ºУ㺮ڵĸƺб仯ȹͤһУƹͣ趯֮⣬λ㺮ҲڲͬĹ֮ͤУаڶʥˣҲڴ˵أ㺮ӳ̸ЩٲȻΪһ羰ߡ
κͣβϣҲ̤ϹͤԶ̸£ңЩ㺮֪࣬ǽɲǷ¶ܹ
йͤڣа˼ַںߣ׷̤߳ͤΨһͤеûжַ㵽֮ʱ¶һĨȻǳЦͻȻĸı䣬ʹŵһʧͬʱӿһ⣬ʱʼߣͬѩŮ߹£ַ֣ȴͻȻȻǼȴ͸оܵ޴衣
̫ʥӵܣоȲһʮ֮ˡ
Ŀַ⳯ȥ¶ǿɱ⣬նַ㣬ٽƵ£ιߣǱѩŮǳȻŮ̬ɡ
ʱַĿ΢΢̧𣬿ǾӸµĲХХ̤ʾ
ХֱַǳЦ˵Ŀƽ
һ𣬶ַΪ֪ʥɵأִַߵ֮УǷӵʥХƽڣʱʹøĿóǰʥľַֻһλʿʮַ񣬿ӵб֪١
лûУХй𣿡ַĮХ̡
ֵõʥХֽʥһۡХЦɣЩ̤еĹʥӰ¶뷨ַõʥǾַ
ҿɷХֽ쾭һַۡƽӦʹòХ˫һɫ
Цˣ쾭ҲҼһֻۣҲܲ𡣡Хдŵ⡣
ʥһۣܲ𡣡ַӦ˵漴ӲХϥںߡ
Χ˵¶һĨȤɫХδ¡
Хɫñ䣬ַֻ㾹ϥĿ
ֲʥһۣѰХ䣬£ʱղһɿֲڿռ֮УǷΪ
һɿֲѹַϣʹַһǹɿֲѹϢƬأǲ죬Ϊؿãӿֲֿƣ·һ籩ӰΣ˭ܹĸܵõһеȫַշѹȥ
ӡ²ӡ⻷ҫǧӡ⻷ͬӡƽ䲻¶Ϣȴ˸ܵǹɳϣվںºϣƽĿһС
а¶һɫҲûʲôͬƽĿš
֮ѹַ㣬ȻַɱĿ·һжûйϵ㡣
һĻʹòХɫ䣬ռӿµĲշѹȥ
ٳĬҲХɾͲˡǹһĨЦַɲԣֻϣżһħ֮Ϣ£֡
ûлӦַĬǡ
ߡХһȻ䣬յ֮취۳һ޴Ĳӡ޴ӡַͷϿգɲ֮۶ɡ
¡¡ֲĲӡշѹ£·һƬضҪֲ̮ŭХ֮ʹȺΪַ㵣ģһﲻҪô
ڴ˿ַ̣һħӰ֣ħӰֳףڵͫ͸Ų֮⣬Ӳ졣
ͬʱַϣâ˸ڵĽâںҹųֲ֮⣬һУ޷졣
ǣӡַϿպҶ£ɽâħӰһж˲仯Ϊޡ
ħַ֣ܣ·һħ֮ڵĹâҫħֹġء
ХһƮһʱһ̸ӿµķ֮ڷۣһֻӡַϿգ͸ſֲ֮ѹ
ҿܳżءХߣѹѹĲӡգҪݻһС
޾ħâᴩգŭƶϣӡҶ£ħɱշѹ飬ȴò֮
ӡ߱һУħ޷赲ĽŲգ֮ݺݵĺַϣʹַƺһ³һѪȻɽգĸħŭħĲɲ취ŰԼڣҲҪ֮ݻ١ʹ֮
һҪʲôȺַӲĳܶԷɵɫ΢
аĿ˸ַ㣬ûж
ͤУ¶һĨɫʹùעɫһЦʮûκαڹŶ㣬ϲϵõ˱Щ˶Ź
Ȼ͵ĻȷַղǷԼûеõʥЩ˶š
һ֮Ҷ£ħ֮һκַϣʹַ³һѪȻţ·˵Ĳ㡣
ˣХŲһ̤ɫĮӡֻ취ù£ɫӿɱ⡣
֪ХĮȵ˫ֲʱղһµĲӡ۶ɣҪݻƬա
ɱХһŭ𣬶ʱӡݿ࣬һַ̣Ȼ̧ͷֲħֱħâᴩأޱ߰ԵϢ˭
һħ񷣬Ͳӡײһ𣬺¡һ֮ӡʹȺͫ͵һ
ȺĿⶢַ㣬Ƿƿ˲ӡʹտҡ
ʱַ建վֲħһħٶȸ̺ޱ֮߰⡣
һգնħ費ݡ
ȻڽХ֮ɾͷҪɻôȺ̣ͫû뵽ַҲɾ˷
Щʥ֮ɫһâ¶ħ
ͤУ¶һĨȻЦ⣬ǣɫ̳࣬ɻʣַҲҪɻô
֮ϣħƻۣһɿֲħǷ۳һɿµķ籩
طҪ𣡡Ⱥйħ籩ͷݣХҲ̧ͷɫÿַ㣬֮ɻʡ
ɻΣղֻǺ棬ɻʣұǿƽշѹХͫװԵ죬¡
ַ죬еħԨ΢΢ϣ׼ܷϴ
һճţ˶ַ㣬ȴ٣Ȼ֮ϵħƾþ÷ȴʼղһĻʹȺ¶һĨɫƺӦùᴩ˰ɣ
ţַ۾Ҳ΢΢գѾоԼɻˣΪη򻹲٣
ط壬ǳɻһ
˶ڵȴ¶һ˿֮⣬еĹħƷ֮󣬾Ȼĵȥ·Ҫʧһ


1693 ʽ٣
ڣйħʧɻʣһա
򲻽Ⱥͫ΢΢£⵽ô£ַƿ˷ŻʹӦؼѸӦˣȴΪβ
Ⱥ⣬ַ⣬ǧ֮ѳɡ㹻ǰͲɣħۣ֮Ϊη򲻽
ѳɻʣ򲻽ѵҪҡַͫڡ䣬ղŷȴʧ·Ц㡣
ʽ٣ʱһӡ²ܵ³ʹȺͫ΢΢¡
ʽ٣ϵĻʽٴڣ
ţ½һޣ޷̤ʾģΪǴڻʽ٣ܳɻʡ
ѵַӵлʽ٣ܳɻʣ
˼Х¶һĨЦ⣬⻹ҵһοʽ֮ˣʲȴٻλɻվһգ㻹ǽʥԺСطһͨްɣŶʺ㡣
ַĿ⻺תڲХϣʲ
ҪôַзߺޣŲХҳͨ壬ʮ̤·񽫽ʮ£;侳ʼδɷκܹı츳Ϊ鵤ҩûмǿָ弸۷壬ֻһ֮ңǰʸ̸ʣ
ַ֮ѾδûܵһأЩңʣ򲻽Ϊǻʽ٣˭ᱼ²ɣ߹ٽѣزѵһֻһգ
ȺַĻ΢в·ܹܵǹɱĩ·
ͨ壬ʮ̤֮ûǿûеҩûйž˿Щ٣ȻЩҪСȴַݡ
ХɫĮַΣǻʽ٣עɻһɾֹͣڴˣڣöýˡ
лʽٴڣҲƽٳɻʣħܳɻʣ㻻һַڰ͸Ų֮⣬صĴذŶأء
֪ôХһٶŭХ֮ѹַ㡣
ַ㶢ŲХĿгħ⣬ɱֲħ
ɱŭһɲ޲ɱ磬ʹòХͫһȻһӡŭХըѣ޲͸һУӡ飬ֲҪ䱬Х塣
һĻʹòХɫΪѿַһκײ֮Ȼ
۳һ˫˫ֲӡַĹ׵ַӰ٣ͫڱ
ͣ¡Хŭһ趯ֲͬŭΰ㳯ַҶȥ˿̵ĲХںַս
ַħ죬ħ첻壬Ųһ̤֮ըѣһնһֲ쫷նɱЮ˺һУ쫷ɱԼѵںϡ
Хͫ΢Ȼſֲ⻷֮⣬һƬ졣
Хһ˦ʱƹ쫷綼ûһĻʹȺͫХǶˣХΪʥӣ̤֮ҿ˲ʥ쾭ģ˿̲⻷֣·ײ죬ʵ
ַƿħûоط壬ζŽòؼΪãɻʣȲ˲ХĲ취սĻ쾭ĲХʤˡȺа˵ֻ˿̲ХĹʼŭһƬշ·ȫ޾Ĳĺշѹַ㣬Եַ֮㲻С
ħӰ֡ħַ͸ħ֮Եħ֮ǿӲ졣
㿴ʲôв֮ʱХһӡʱΧչâʢʮӡضΧڣͬʱмַɱҪַĺɱڴˡ
䡣ֲ֮һɲ޲ɱ˷ַŲǰǿпӵзѸͣռĿ꣬дصĺء
ƣַһȭҶ϶ħʹصֻħΪ򣬴ǰ塣
ֱӴ͸ǵӡַƺһƿֲħ⣬ͬʱ֮â֣Ȼͷų֮⡣
ħϽءַŭ𣬴֮ޱȳȣΧȺɫọַ֮̈̄㣬ֳɾһַһΣǴط
֮ϣâ֣صĴ۶ɣٶγɷ籩
ȺգһΣήôХûмַ㣬ң֮ϡ
ֲķ籩һһɾþòʹȺͫƸемֿϧ֮⣬գ籩һɢȥ·ûгֹ㡣
ɲ
ϧˡϧַҲˣݵʱɾַȴǧŲļ򲻽޷ɻʡ
ɱˡͤеǹһĨЦ⣬ַ㣬Ǹ
ʽ٣ɾٶȷ޷ɻʡХַ̳ͫױ䣬ң졣
ʼַϣʹӵ䣬Ųһ̤պƶ
ơַһȭɱطħͬʱ̺У͸ޱȳص
ߡХмһӡҶַĹײһûںϵַܺͨᲢֱۣӺñѣַķںϰ幥ǿ
׼ɡХһۣʱӡ͵£һƬַѺɱ֮˫ͫ׽ŶԷ
ûõġХ˿ַͫףһƺݺݵĺҶ
ַη壬ٶŭȣâͬʱնɱΪһ
ӡХŭһֱۣ֮ӽַǰֲӡɱַ㣬ɱŨ
Ϊַϸһɴطףħƣݺɱֱ۱ˣӡֱӺϣһɿµʴ壬ַ
ַûиоʹ࣬κεʹ඼޷ɻȣ첻ɻʣΨԾȡ
һֱúܳХֻоһŰʹ嶸Ȼ䱬ˣɫһ֮ɫ漴ַֻ֮ƣޱǿʢ֮⡢ħ֮⡢֮⣬Ļһ
֮ϴ֮֮ϣɷ籩һ˻ʹ÷ɫ䡣
ÿµȺַвɾַȴԵ޷ڣ̫ϧˡ


1694 ϵ
Х˵Զ΢΢£ħءַˣַûб壬ûķͨвܴпܳɾʮ
ʮԽ츳˻޷ðȫΪ򣬽ʧȥʮƣַƺͬѾַ֮ˣӵлʽ٣עԵ
һаͫ׿ַ㣬ַܹܵеıһţ޷Ե򲻽
ַ㶢зĿֲϵ籩ȴٳûз٣¶ҵɫ
𣡡һַϸϵâ˸նȼ
塢۷壻ռ塢۷壻壬۷壻֮塢۷壬׵ȼְ壬۷廹Щһ̣һķŭ𣬷·ڷŭХ֮
˶ŵĶգһ̣ûгȫַ㣬ϵ籩ڽɢȥ
ַͫޱȣĶ񷡣
ңҶ졣ַХ񷡣
ͤУῴǱӰֻо඼ľţˣһġ
ɱַĿתХ˫ڵ֮ͫХֻо΢΢£漴ַֻһ̤ͬ٣ֲ֮͸ͫʴ壬ʹɫѿ
ұ㡣Х֮⻷崩͸գһɹ֮ͬХ㳯ַɱȥ
ˣħ̤أӲ죬ħȭ춯
Σַ̤գֲطʹòХ嶸ȻһΣַ޷֮Ϊãɿ
䡣ַ䣬·֮ڣҪٲХϣӲ̤˲ХĹһС
Х˫ֽӡһɲжȻַ֣ҪַûǹɿµĲɱС
ַŲɳǰһƬħһâַ޷졣
֣֮֡Х屻취ֻ֮һޱ߾޴ƣ֣֮ꡣ
ȥһȣʱֳַ֮ץȥնֹǾ޴֮£ַԵüС
죬𡣡ַն˳ȥնɲǻߡɱɱ¾ħȭɲ޲쫷ȵȹһַϵİͷڷĶ¡¡Ĺ촫ַ籩
ȫҳַ˰㣬죬ȫΪ򣬿Ƿ
ħأǸղŵɷ򣬷֮ˡ
䷨Ҳˡ
ռ䷨籩
淨籩
ϵϵ򡣡Ⱥͷݺݵţ񷳹׶ϵ籩֯һǹɿֲҪѹ¿ȺҪϢ
ǣ֮ϣһâ£֮ըѣʹòХƺһɫ΢Щ԰ס
ô£Хŭգйâ£Ĳ֮֡
ϵôܣϵ֮㲻ط壬ϵҲΪֲˡ
ǣһɿֲ֮£ʹȺݺݵĲ£ǷҪô
ʱַ㱳˫֣ħͫգԣʹȺǲҪô
ȻֻƬ̣ǽٵĻϷձˣַҪ죬Ҫַ㣬򣬲óɻʡ
һΣַͫûаĲֻǺƽĶ֮ϵĿֲѹΧһӰ˸ߵһĻɫӲͷҲ׳۵ľϵ籩ۣȴ򲻽
еķ籩̽˼½֮󣬵ȴʧܶգջըˣûнٵַ
ֲɢ籩ʧȺ˵ţɫܹŹ֣ű˫յĺӰӰɣ֮У죬ȴܣ޷ɻʣǺεȿϧ֮£ϵ併ǻǺεʢ
Զ֮Уһ޴Ӱ壬Ȼ棬޾֮
˿˫ޱȾ޴ӶԶɢȥķ籩޴ͫ׵¶˼ɫ૵򲻽㣬Ƭ죡
ʧˡַɫƽ漴֮£ϵâҫ֣мַһ𣬼޷ͬһǰںϣ̺һں֮
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ŲХַ૵㷨򲻽ңкʸǰ񡣡
ХĬԣȺ΢΢ͷ̳ɻʣȻͬΪʥ֮ˣսĻХӦģ²ӡ塢аǽ塢ʵҲɲ⣬ǲХܱȵġ
ַܹɾϵ츳ɼһ㣬ֻ޷򲻽ˡ
ͿռķЮַϣʹòХͫ΢΢漴ַֻһ̤Ӱ˲Ϣǰ죬֮ʱ֪˶١
䣡䷨ͬʱʴХʹòХɫ䣬һʱǰһܡ
ַħȭڶϣֲ׵ֱӺɱûκεֻͨǴķû취˿ַǷࡣ
ҡХһ춯Ť׵ԶХַͬʱڶҿռ䲻ϵķš
أַŲ̤棬ʱһޱȳصڲХϣβХ
棡޾۶ɣƬհ
Ѳ졣Х˻һοѣ治ϵı˺ķؽڵķ
Ȼڴʱһڵȭâɱ֮ͫзŴ
䡣ַһХңȻ֣
¡صѹݺݵĺڲХϣ嶼˳ȥȻǹȴȫջ⣬û˺˲Х
ϵٵĻХѾˡȺаһʱһǿӰ˸ַЩ˽ΪǿߣԶһλλվǣĿĶַ㣬ɱ
Щǵʥɵַնǿߣ걻ַնɱַϡ
ַû˭ɡ
һʱ֮ϳһ̶̣Ȼڴ֮ϣ˸ҫĿĹԡ
̣õ̡ͫ΢΢ж¶̰ɫ
䡣ЩǿͬʱַɱַֻĿ䣬Ųַ̤㲽̤ʱϵĹâã޾Ʈܻ
ƣַһ̤֮ϣʱֲ֮ţ񷣬һУЩ屬ˣЩλΪֱܲӱɱ
󷨣̣ãΧȺͫղܿ£


1695 ɱ
Զ֮УӰ٣һһ٣Ŀ࣬ŮŸ߹
ʮʳɻʣᱻŮһϯ£Զַ㣬ȴǶԸߴʵ
ҲʮءĿâ
ʮŮ¶һĨɫ漴૵һЩˣȻ̶ó
ɻʽ١򲻽κһλ֮˶ᷢ裬ӵôǿ츳ˣ츳ԽǿȴƫƫܳɻʣԽͷɢҵǣЦСһмķ緶
ͤУͿ̳֣ʱĿ¶̰֮â建վУ˱ֳ̫֣հҫۣһһѰ·Ҫɥ˵ء
һǿڿգַӰ
ַֻŲٶһ̤ʱ̷ţøͬһŴ֮¹֮£޾ӹâ˸ͬյһЩӷ·ǻİ㡣
֮Уڸַ֣ͷϿգʹַ㱦ׯϣͬһ㡣
ڡȺͫ΢΢£ֻ֮֮ϣڵĹԺһ֯ͬʱ޾֮֮У֮ͨڷܻ
ɱʱֻһλǿߺһӡ񷸲ǣַݺ£ǿʢޱȡ
ƣַŲһ̤ʱ֮ϣֱܻӺӡ֮ϣʹӡ飬Ϊޣͬʱַվ֮أ̹âʢһ̺ڴ֮׽УַУһǹ֣üǰҫ
ÿļһ֮У˶ַһЦʱֳֳַǹͷڡף̫ˣͬһս㡣
ϼһֻôŮϼһһۣ
ܹӵַܻܻ֮֮ǿ󷨣ǿ󣬶ҾͨȺ֮ͬսַ㣬Ϊ𺳣һ֮ˣȴ
ǹλǿ߶ַ㣬û뵽ܹ˿ֲ˲Ϣǿֻϣâ죬޾׵罫ͬһ
ɱ֮ϣһֲϺ׵ֱַȥ
ƣַŲ̤̣ϵ֮У̽֯һ𣬶ʱ֮ϣ·һֲƣر죬
󷨡ЩаȺɱ幥ҲޱǿᣬλʵطѾǳǿˣλʶ޷ܣȴ
λɫĮһϺɫ飬Ȼѹ̺ѾʹնЩŤ͵Ŀ죬·ռ䶼Ҫ׵˺㡣
ÿֲȺǽҹĺĻ飬ͫ΢΢ǺҶ£λʶҪ״ݻɱ
ַ΢΢ͷ飬漴ֻǿ˦Ϻɫ׵绮񷣬ַɱȥгһѤϺɫߣϷֲ֮
ַĿ¶˵ĳ֮ɫŵɲǣĽŲ̤֮У齵٣֮ϣַӰȻʧ̵һˡ
һĻʹȺͫ΢΢һǿ̰֣ʥλܴݻٵġ
ҫףɱеλǿһʱ׵ɱ£ַһ֮зܻ󷨣Ų̤ʱһ¡¡Ĺ첻ϣ֮һ׵赲⡣
׵ԽԽ貣ҫַ֮Կռת壬ʱǿȵռ̣ɱ
ΧǿŲ׷̵̤İɱȥΧɱַ
ַͥŲֶԲ죬һ̤֮ʱ󷨷ţܵ˼¡
áַ㶸Ȼݺݵļ̤̣ʱٶ˿ֲ֮⣬ֻɲ֮УȺҲַԼϿյһЩӰϵ֮⽻֯ɿµĻ
ȺַͫѾ׼һ͵ȥ
ǽ̣ХַӰĿһսַ㲻ɻʣҲ澡ʧ֮ˣȴǿᵽֵز޷κεˡ
֮ڣ֮УЩǿһʧңͫ׽١
ڴʱһλλǿ߿ַӰɵͫ
䣡·Ȼ䱬ʹҽһ±ֱ
ͣһɲǣһǹԴУ潫ʬգ¼öַָ㲻¡
ַĿȻתֻһλλʶַ㣬Ŀ¶ֵɫ
併٣ַ㳤ǹƿգ˻ȻתӶݣȴĿ֮ⱬһ͸ԴնɱȻǼöַָ¡
һǿ߿ַ׻ɱˣתӣȻӲ󷨣ɵ÷˿ֻŵŭ֮
֮УַͬһɱߵɱģǹǹѪϵĵ䣬˫ͫɱ䣬ɻΣҲҪնЩʣЩҲۣɱȫɱ
磬ȺϵĻһҽ֮ǵ飬ЩǿߣȻڱɱ֮ˣҪҲ졣
ֲ׵տ裬ϵĺɱ£֮бʧӰӰΣǿĹҲãλǿ֪ԼǷԼˡ
ʱҲû˵Ȼ˸ֱ̤뿪׼ǰ֪ͨǿǰɱַ㣬Ŷ̫嫣󣬷򲻽ҷֲսҲֻΧˣԶǧ֮˻ֻܿ籩ȴܾ֪﷢ʲô
Źҡһ˻֮漴һҽȺԣ֮УַɱһС
ڣɢȻټ֮ϣȴֻʣַһˣˣȫʧˣַնɱ
ַֻƽվǣѪȾۣͷڣһֻŵѪǹ建ĳǰȥ¡¡촫̶йͤƶ
ַĿ΢΢תɨХʹòХͫһ徹΢΢˱ܿȻǽַУҲҪ硣
ŲХ壬ַһ֮⣬漴㽫ĿƿһĻʹòХɫѿΪʥܳӣȴһ֮ӣֻоܵǿ衣


1696 ɱʥ
ǰУƯںºϣźºйͤȥ
ƽȴѲ޷ɻˣδַ̫пᣬСߵŶɺǰһҫۣѵҲἵʡ
¡һֱ̽ͤӺ飬̮ͤζ£վûƬ̺վ֮ϣ͵գ̫ʥһǿΧƵַͲɷЩˡ
뿪㺮ַ
ĳǰ˫ͫף΢΢ҡҡͷַ㣬Լ·
֮ˣ뿪еЦ˵ȹܺԼܲ뿪ɡ
˱̫ҫأ̫֮ΧޱҫĿ
ַûȥֻͣĿ⿴ˣĬƬ̣漴ףƽ˵һΪ¿գӴ·ˡ
˵գַתҪȥȻȴڴʱһɱ֮ⶸȻ併٣ֻ㺮УһӰʹַתȥͫײɵ΢΢ǡ
ġַ㶢ǰӰ͸⡣
֮Ⱥͫ΢΢ŮĪҲǹ㺮ɣ
ַֻǰ֮ǿʢĬȻַ·˰㡣
áаһĻɫ΢ŮӷѾַӣַ㣬Сġ
ַûаĻ㣬ֻǶĿţأѵҲһա
ֻƳַ̼̽䣬ֱӡַϣһɿɱŰַڣʹַͫ׽Ӳ˫Ķǰ֮ˡ
ַ㣬նɵаŭһ䲻֪ΪλˣȻַ֮Ůˣնַ㣬ܹĳɾ֮
ΧȺ¶ɫ㺮ҪնַԳɵ
ⲻ𣿡ַ㶢ĮȻӣֻһˮʶ£Ѳǵ
ɱĵдһ֮ʢ죬ַֻоڱķѣ֮У֮ϣ籩ۣ䡢顣
նַ㣬Գ
ַ㿴ǰİף̧𿴲죬Ǳķ֮ڷĻ۶ɣģնɵ
һͬҰް˻ַĿĵϣʹ屻˳ȥַǣȴѪ¡
ῴַ㣬ûȻҲûб䣬ͬеεˮ˳£ΪԼļͣȴһһеڶˡ
ɱ֮У³ʱ̫ʥǿߴ̫֮ҫĿޱߣֱַ㡣
ַ㶸Ȼ̧ͷ˫ĮͫԾİ㣬ڹâţ֮зܻ
𣡡ַŭһ̹ڿգŲһ̤ʱһֲħµ֮񷣬ĨЩǿʢ
㾹ܲͫĮ˱ֻ̫Ŀ̫֮⣬һֱ̫ӳַɱȥҪַΪޡ
Ųһ̤̣ʱַӰʧԭأ̵һˣµ̫֮֮ϣƺҪ̶ȼյһǿ߷ĳַɱַ㱻ǰ㹥Ѿǿߣ֮ĩˡ
䣡ֱַһöӰȻʧʹȺ˿
֮У͵ͫȻǣֻһ˫ͫĮޱȵע
̧˱̫֣һֱɱȥȴһֲ֮ͫ͸
Ѫ䣡һִַ֮ͫţ֮䣬ֻоѪԼƣ·ʱܱѰ㡣
䣡͵֮ʹסİ˱ֽ̫ҲҺɱ·ֻҪַһɱ
֮Ʈ˫ͫ׽ӽѪԽԽǿҶˣƬֱַ̣֣֮סĺ
ſ
˲Ϣ䷢ʹЩַɱȥ̫ʥǿͫ;Ȼַˡ
ַûǣ͵Դĳ¿ս䣬û˸ַٶ֮ϡ
ˣΪԼҲǿߣſֲĵ֮˱̫־ַ㣬ȴû뵽ַûгɻʣѾɾϵ䷨ܹ׼ȺаһĻҲףǿҲϾʵǸһĻ͸󲻵Ҳʣַķ֮Ͳ׵ˣְֳ˱ֱ̫ɴݻַ㡣
ûδɻʣվ޷ֿԵķ䣬ʹԼ˾أԼ
ſ̫ʥ壬㾡ȫɱ㡣е̫ʥǿ߱˵
ַûпһֻۣǶǰͣͿǰͫ˿˿־壬㲻ɱҡ
Ұοַ¶һĨЦݣֲ֮ʹѪ񱩶֮ʴ
𣡡ͻҪᴩ淨壬֮ݻֻ֮䣬廯Ϊޣڰ˱̫ԼĴַָȻ¡
ɱˣӡȺַͫɱ͡
յУŭ𣬻֮ţĳ¿յַɱַŲ̤ÿ̤һĲƺԵԽ㣬Ψ˫ͫô䡣
첻ˡԶգ˺Ůվһ𣬿ַʹ󷨣˵˵
ҪɣŮˣĿһڴ֮⡣
ΪʲôҪ˷ŮʹŮ£츳˳ڣȴֱŮ˱ѣΧдǿ߿ӣ㲻ıˡ
ֲʶ΢Ц
ʶŮƲƲ죬ϲĶɺްǱ˿ʥŮ˵һ棬֪ʲô顣
ǺãұķϣҾһأǺôҲһ⣬صƿأ˺Ц˵
ºϣȻһɺ٣ʹЩ̫ʥȺֹͣս˶Ŀ̣漴ֻһֲǿ߽٣а̾ǿߵˡ
ַɻѪ·ûѾ޷ָƣеӰ¶һĨЦ⣬˵ٻλ뿪ȴû뵽˷粨


1697 Ҳ
Զ˶ͫ׿ԶһУһ
С쵰Լϵѳɣ͸ÿˣڵãǿ߽٣Ľˡ
ǿӱ۰˵ǿƺ˻ֹһλҪ쵰ˡ
̫ʥ֮˼дǿ٣ʱֹͣսͬʱаӰ˸ٵַߣĿͬңгֵĴӰ
κ˶ɱа䣬˵
ҪԼϵдָеĴǿߵ˵ȴַǹһĨЦâҫС漴Ưڿգַ֮Уַֻ㿴Եа־֮£аˣһ˿οаұܣá
áаͷӹ漴յӦ֮˰ɣϣ㿪ҪҸ㣬ǣÿҲҹŽ巢壬ʱ㲻Ҫôˡ
ȺаĻɫ΢ַкапȫͬ壬ʥĵ϶ر˭˸ᣬǴʥаϣǶŽ塣
ɱ̫ʥͣΣɣҲŹŽ˶̫ʥ忪ս̫ʥǿ߱˵һһǲҪ̣Ҫַûذ˱̫֣ȥǶ·һ
ˣһɿֲٶ£ַаʹаĿһηǰΪβ
䣡а£һֲȻմӡ·гֱ֣Ӵַɱ硣
밵ɱַ㡣Ⱥͷ΢аɱַ㣬Է¶棬ֱԴֶջɱ
Ȼڴ˿̣һֲȻ併ٺѸޱȵӡ֮ϣըѣֲһɿУʹȺͫһ
˭ȺĿ⻷գеж˶
Ȼ䣬üµƬգ·ҪƬ춼ѹȺֻоһϢַɫ԰ףһɹϣҪɱ
˭һ֮¡һ亮գƺǸղҪɱַ֮˿ˣӿµѹƬգʹȺϢ֮С
棿
ԣҲǿߡ
λټۣѾλˡȺ𺳣֮ˣջܻ뿪
¡¡֮УйХ֮ˣȺֻȻ䣬з·һ缸ǧ׳Ŀֲûء
˭һŭ֮Ǹղ˵Ĵۣ˿ƺǿڹ
ɪɪǹѹǼ޷Ϣտʼɫ䣬ǿֲûأ˷ƣһֲը֮Ⱥֻһ쫷ŭХ
һϵдʹȺͫ΢΢һһ˵ʹð˷춯ǿߡ
һûлش漴ֻչƺղˣ뿪ˡ
ȫӹϵӰٴ쳹գȺͷ˭ôԵǿᣬҪ˶
пֲｵ١ͷ鴤һƮƺ֮˶뿪ˣڴʱһɿµ쫷ַסһַҲֲסεȥһж޷֪ˡ
ÿµа֮Уˣַ㱻˴ˣûҲסǸղŰַģϣַû°ɡ
ԶĿ˸Ǳ߷һҲΪȣＫطС쵰ⳡѣµĻǲҪ۳ˡ
˵գӰȥ
ʱѳ֮ٻλ۽ǵʧƺΨ⣬Ѳ
ȻһΪ¿գӴ·ˣобϣܹƿʽ٣ɾͻλٽơ
ХĿ䣬û뵽ַ㶼˿ɫ䣬Զռ䣬૵֮ˣ򲻽뿪Σֹʹؿˣ츳ǿɾʮһ˶ѡ
ˣвͬ˼ַϧ΢б֮УӢţ򲻽ɻҲֻ
һУַ޹ˡ
Ŷ壬֮ϣַѾ˯ĵˣ۾Լ˿һʯ֮ϣ΢죬ʱַȴûܵ飬һУһΡһա
Ŀ⻺תַֻǰһӰһϮ£ʥ࣬ȻȻʥŮ
ַ㻺ԼƾȻˣǵԼҪµʱһλֲǿ֣߳ѵ֮ˣ
ǰңַʵ
ˡתĿ⣬ַ¶һĨǳǳЦ⣬Ϊϧͷ˵һ⣬ܲƼô츳ףȴϧ
ͷӾ㡣˵
ַ䲻ָ֪ͷ˭Ǹػַȴû̫ϲá
ллַ¶һĨЦݣЦȴΪɬ
á˵Ĵ߶£ɡ
ַ΢΢ͷ˸̤Ƭ֮±ߣɷ壬֣һƷ֮ƣâҫĿϵϵΣ첻㲻ʣԺΪԶֹڴˡ
֮ҡҷڴʱַһУ漴һڣҡҷâʢһҳ꣬ʼ
ַ꣡΢ܾûжˣзӦˡ
ַһһҳɽպϣԷ
ңңѵҲҪҲɡַͫ䣬һħâ֣ǿҵͷţʹԽԽǿҡ
ϵͬʱڷ꣬ͬĹâת֮ϣַͫױԽԽǿʢ
ҿַ˻Ƹܵһɿֲһҳ귭ѶȣԶκһΣһҳ꣬׻ʲô
Ҳ
ַϣ嶼΢΢ֲͷʹ˻ı·ںԼ궷춷ºϵһĻĻ·һγԺ֮УĿޱ
򲻽Ҫѵ㲻ɻ𣿲һеһУΪһգҲҪɻʣ̤Ƭ졣
ңҲҪҲ졣ַ³һ֮쳹ɽȣһ̣¡¡ַ֮Ժ֮в꣬
΢΢һĿ⳯ͶǵɣӰҲ죬ε񣬿ǣ죬Ҫң


1698 
ʥݣ½ʮ֮֮һ½ԽŶ
ĪϧӳŴɹ챤ķ㿪ʼ׷ѰСνʥݣɻʱ⣬ִʥƬأСгʥ֮أƬزδþĪϧʧǿơʶѾôֻۣܿܿеһλ
ʥһδսУĪϧ׷ɱЩڤ屻˷֣ɱҲ˾գһֲڤ£֮ڤ֪ʥֵطûһǿı㡣
Īϧڤõ˴δйĿֲԴûй̤֮ڤڲлͬߣΪڤһڤӡ
ʱŶĺ嫺֮ϣ֮ϣһӰĪϧվǰˣңŶ૵ŶʥͬΪʮ֮֮һ֪жٷ

Ŷڣ壬֮±ߣַҲ죬꣬ڣһοȻַ㣬ȴֱ˹ȥɼ֮ǿң־ټͣҲûκεķֱӵ¡
һַڼʱ֮˹һɵ磬ʱվһƬߵ֮У̧ͷƬ磬ַİʲôûУֻеһƬ
ַͫ΢΢ǽ𣬲ɫ͹ŽĽɫȫͬǡɣɫеɫƺΪƣΪɫΪɫ
ַ΢ʱֻΪ֮Ľ·ַ
ⲻ磬硣ַͫ£ͷҵĲܹƽ
Ϊ죡ַһʱƮңԶ֮أԽԽԶģĻ
ӵеС𣿡ַ˵ɻˣ
Ϊأַٶǵһɫ֮ڽ£ɾʹأ쵽Զ
ַ૵һƿصĸоƿ硣
½档ַ̧ͷ죬΢һ̫ڿգ֮⡣
򣬷ַ¶һĨϲ֮ɫȻӦ֮ķǿԺƬںϵġ
һϵڿգȻ䣬ռ֮Уһɿֲ嵱УҪķһһĻʹַɫ΢䣬漴뷨򣬾ʹϵķɫһƱ仯ɫĴطһƵĺɫɫķ֮Ҳͬźڰ֮ɫϵɫˡ
ַûֹһеķо˼飬֪ھʲôΪ첻򣿶Ƭأӵ˲һĽһأܹӦռеķ֮ƺڸıķ
ڣڷɫַ֮㶢ɫķ΢ַ˳Ƭռ䣬صʵ֮С
컹Ƭ죬ַǣɺǰһܲ編ϵղĿռ磬Ȼǡ硣
Ѿˣǣ첻ϣַһɻ뷨ʵ޷һõһУҲ죬ѵҪԿеزſ١
ԶĿ⳯Ͷַ͵ǷɵипϣҪ̫ʹɣ±εȥ޷ɻʶĴ̫ˡ
֪˿ַ룬һҳͷţʲô仯
ַ㲢ûмȥԣٶٴν֮У꣬һ磡
֮ϣԶһӰڡ
ڵ彵ԱߣĿɨһԶַ㣬Ϊλ塣
䵭Ŀһۣҵθɡ
ҵӣôһһ𣬶һ֮ˡԵЩãַѾ϶üˡ
뿪塣
ߡɫһ⣬ѾоԼҪ̤ʾˣαȥչأҳ֮ʱ㸸ס
˵գڵӰͬһ뿪ӻɨַһۡ
ַ㲢ûߵһУ˿̵Լ֮У磬ҲС磬룬ԺСǲֱܹϣ˭ܹˡ
ַٴνʵʱ򣬲ɵ̧ͷ죬΢Щʧ
磬ô
޷Ƭصķ򡣡ַа֣̾ʱطɫĴط򣬴˿˿ڰϢƺǿЩ磬ܹǿζܹǿ󣬼Ÿ߾ġ
ھʹ˿̣һֲʹַĿ̧𣬶Ȼ䣬һ¡硣
ţַüͷ΢壬оһƺ壬ȴƬС絲סˡ
¡һ֮Ҷ£һ̣綸Ȼǿ̤գң巽
ĿⶢǱߣüͷô£˸ҹ磿
ǱķѵϴǼһŪĶɣ
¡ֲɣƲ͵ĺ£С̫ȹ̣ƺԶԶ䲻
ˣһ֮ϣһϿԵӰ̤ĿޱȣַķƺַǹĿꡣ
ķ֮ϵַ˵ַ㿴ǿԵĲӰһۣ漴һʧȻɷʧ֮ǹҲɢˣ磬ƽ
ôַͫ΢ķŭ
ϼһô£ŲϵӰʵֻʱǲӰĿ⿴Զȵû£뿪
ֲը죬ʱȺ׷뿪û˽ӽ塣
Ŀⶢַ㣬ĿСϵȻ򲻽Ҫ񣬷֮ʱƺŭƺĻʽ١
ⶫȻУ첻ķڣţǻʽٵĻǿҪȥҸõطҪŪˡ
оǽϻΣ˶ַʵ
Գܡַ㿴˵²⣬ˣӦþǰˡ
ȥҪ̣ңҪͷķ˶ַһַ˿ЩãȻ˵ͷҲ죬Ҫͷ
ҪͷȷҪ̵ֿУ
˽Ųգת˲ʧãȻ֪⵽ôһ£


1699 ˭ŭ
첻ϡַ͸ãȻ⣬Ϊ֮ˣ򲻽Ƭ죬ķ֮ңҪԸ
ΣѳɻʣôַվĿԶ첻ΣԼ磬ƬУѾΪʣңܹǿʹþǰУ谭Ƭ졣
ֻǣַ񶼲֪ԺΣ첻ϣ編򲻽ҲԶ޷ƬϿɳɻʣҪŭ
ôĿⶢַǱߣ˻ַ֪ԲԶĿһеķַ㽫֮ʱҲ֮ʧˣ˻ΪϼһŪĶȴףһУƺַйأ֮ˡ
ŭ
ַƺĿ⣬˸ߣ΢ЦǸղǰȵҰɡ
ͷϼһ˵һ⣬صƿĻһô
ллǣңңû뵽İ֮˾ַЦԵЩɬַеһƵıУϾ¶һĨЦݣ⸣֮У֮ϵδܳɻʣ˭˵һǻء
˵Ķԣʧ֪ǸҲһһһ·ַ㺬Ц˵˲Ŀ⳯Զһ죬ḩúɽ
ַ㰲ĵȴһЩʱ̣һϯɳۣٶȽâ˸ֻһַ̳ȥȻ̡
лǰַӹ̣ס
лˣóȥˣߡץַ壬ӹ˹Уڶȥ
ͷӣȻҡ΢΢ƲƲ죬漴Ӱ׷˳ȥ׷ϼһĲ
嫵Ŷ֮УҲٺҲɽµвչ
ʱһйµЯ쫷һһ٣Լַ㡣
ˣȫҹһֲ˴Ļн٣ʹպƷһ֮ˮ·
͡µʯ֮ϣһλڿޣ͵˳ϣֲ˺Ժ֮УʹֱһѪɫ԰ֽ
쵰ǿŭȣܵǹɿֲϣȴ˵ŭԣµϵ˷׷ŭǸоǹɿֲ֮󣬶ʱһ˸ȥ뿪µǴǿ߶⡣
ַ㿴ԵİԵˣɵĳӭֲ֮£·ƬףһƲ˾ǰԵֱӣԵʵԵİԵҪµ˶
ֻƬ֮󣬺嫹µȺɢ˶뿪ˡ
ͽԼˣܲκһϵ֮һϵһϵܲס١˶ַ˵һΪ㻤
˵գӰ˸ʧػԶ
ַʧ֮΢ʱڴ֮ϣַĽŲ̤֮ϣ֮ӿ֮Уַ㲢ûͷŷܻ֮ǳܲסǱ㳹ˣò¡
ȵַܻ󷨣ħͷųȻ䣬֮пʼħУС
رã޾յƹַϿշӿһ̣رɫֲ·Ҫ۳ħ٣Ҫͷַ㡣
ÿµַͫջڰ嶼΢΢֮٣ȳɻ֮ʱջ۵ķ籩Ҫֲ̫ˣǳɻʡǽѣؼħ򣬲ķڡ
֮£ַ˵ͷ뵽һУվņֱ̃ͷӲ죬첻Ҳ졣
Ȼֲƻڻۣݣʹַĳ۶ƮͫڣħɻʣһٹҲܲɡ
ƬնʼֻƬ֮˵Ŀ⣬˺棬ԽԽ£ʹ޾Ⱥ̧ͷ΢΢Ƿʲôˣ
ɻʣɻƺԶû˿ֲɣҳɻǷ壬ط֮ǰŭ
ǽ٣ǳɻʣҲǳƵۣ
ַվڽ£Ӳ죬ѹǰҪûˣԼַ֮٣
͡˻漴籩Уޱȵħڻۣ²ݣһ죬ޱȴصķ֮ᴩ£Ҫ壬Ҫͷַ㣬ڡ
ַĿſֲ֮Ųݺݵļ̤֮ϣʱϸǿֲħף󱳸ħӰĿֲ֮֮ϣֱǿµķħ١
ǣֲĹһ֮ϵըףµħټȻ£ַŭһ޾ħֱµħȭĺҶȥȻ˿µһ޷赲ħַ֮ϣֲķħٺַϵף䱬ַѪ⣬ڣַĳš
ֱַӱ䵹֮ϣѪģĹֱӵ޷ǿµơ
Сַж͸Ѫ˿µķħ٣ڣҪ˲пĹôụ̂޷
ַվ𣬲ֻ֮ǶݵƬ̣ħ֮ٶȺҶ¡
û⣬һַ㱻øңֻоĹˣʹ಻
ַڵϣ޷վ»۵ħ֮ɵɫ԰ףֻ֪ҪѱʧȻƬ죬Ҳ죬պ
ѹҡַɫһվͦñֱǣ첻ɶ
֮ϣħѺɱ£͸ףַϣһַ֮վǣѾľɫ԰ޱȣǾôƬ죬ڣħ٣ɢٹ
¡ַ嵹£ȥȴһĨЦ⣬ɱزϿҲС
壬֮ϣһλɣԶ޾գƬ죬˿µħ򣬲ǳɻʷ壬ǽ٣زݵĽ٣
֮壬زݣ˭ŭ૵вŶ˽֮ô˭
¶壬ͬһλ̧գ޾֮⣬ƺǸɷħ֡
زݣǽɴô˭
ң֮ϣͬһվգԶɫ䣬˭طݣ


1700 س
֮ã޾ңԶܹ˸ܲǹܿŭֺɫķ֮٣ǳɻףͳɻ֮ʱ̫ˣŭ
Ŷͷ𺳣ʲôŻʹرɫŭŭ֮ˣǺˣ
ǿ߳ŭ֮ظȥȻǽٵʱؼһжѾƽϢﻹӰѾȥֻ²⡣
Ǹճɻʵ˲ܹܵģѵӡ²ܣֻ߳а²⣬ָоЩףѳɻʣֻŭҲڳɻʵɲŶԡ
˵ȹʥһǿǶ۵˹µϿգĹµüͷ΢΢ţӦòŶԣܹоŭӦԳɻ֮˵ģŭԴݻλǿˣôµȻƽ㡣
ϣŶ˭пܣͷŲͷʵ
㺮ڡ˵һʹ⼸ɫһ㺮ڣȷֵûɣ֪Ƿ֡
˹㺮أ
˵ûпǰЩӴԵ֮ˣ
ܣĻʱѾŭˣΪλַ򲻽֮澰ǻʽ٣֮ˣעԵ˵˵ʱ΢΢ͷȷĻ˵һҹںºѾɾ˷򣬾ӦŭŶԡ
һԺӹǣƺܣƺֶܣҲֻܷ²⣬Ժ֪ɡ
ļŶ˶۴£ȴ۲һ֮ĴţʼȺӣֱþͼ֮⻰ĵȥ
һ죬һɽ֮أ󣬲񷱩ңŭ֮ƺӿ£Ⱥ˵ϸص㣬Ϊǿ߾̫ңԶȵǸȥʱʲôûпȥ
һŶ˸𺳣ƽϢĻٶӿ֣һθӵңôѵ֮廹мλǲҪˣ
˵һλ֮壬Ҫܼŭ֮
û֪𰸣ַϵ֮ҵŶŭˣǴ뿪ŶǰңԶ֮صĻߵشȹĵνѣϵȫŭ
һºַһλصŶ֮У˿̵֪ŶΪڲˣȻû֪Ĵڡ
ʱ磬֮ϣַķ·𶼱ø˼ֽ֣ͬǰ㣬᲻ɴݣһѪ֮ͬ󣬹ʢ
˿ַ˿ǿ΢΢Լݺ룬ǴŵЦ⣬ƺǳ㡣
ɱûио٣˶ַʵ
Ѿûйϵˡַ΢Ц˵ΣϵѹʹԼķٻʣѾ㹻ˡ
ϵѾܹˣʲô˵ЦԵмֲҲǵһַֽ֮⵽ʣ콵֮٣ٵʱΪַ󺹣ʹȻַҪԼܣԶ޷÷֮
һԿٶˣ˸˲֪ȴ֪Ŷô󲨶ˣȻַ㣬ǽ֮壬֮ˣزϿɣٷѣһαð粻ȱ鵤ҩһַܽ
صƿôΪɻ䣿¶һĨŹֵɫַľ磬ɻ侳磬Ƭأ֮ˣ޷ϣζԶͣһ磬޷ɻʣ
ǣĻ䣬ûгɻ
뵽аֹҳŭַûгɻʣЩŵģַԺΪǿЩо棬ֻ˵ǰǸ̥޷óȡ
㻹ԼܣǵĳЩˣǾҪϧһдɱˣ磬ҪһԽǶûвˣԽӲں˶ַһȻоԵʵԵıǱ㲻üɵЩˣ֮Ϊ
ַ΢΢ͷȻһ
лǰַ֮ϵĸлǰˣûĻԼĺѹһˡ
˶˵ǹһԼˣγһȤ¡Ц˵漴ѾͷַȥתһתǵһЩôô򡣡
áͷӵ˼˵ͷ΢Цַ߰ɡ
ַͬһ磬ȻǰԸȻܾԷ⡣
Ŷַ͵ķ粨ŸոջһЩʱἰ
ºΪ㺮ڵĴڣɲȱŶһЩʥӣ㺮ڣ磬Ž壬а
˴ԣŽаѾ˹㺮ڵŮӡ
аŶܳĿ֮ʿϲ㺮ڹ֮ͤУ̸£֮¡
ºٲȻΪ꿡֮ʿΪԾĵش
ڴʱ֮УӰƮӿݣŮòԵøİ䡣
ʥŮȻˣߵ˭ѵһľ˿֮˵Ҳв˵Ŀַ㣬ںºʹ粨ַ㣬֮ˡ
δ֮ˣֳˣǻɱ岻ˣҵɱ̫ͣʥҲǿ׷ɱȺַ㣬û뵽ҳ߶ǲ֪
ʥŮͬʱ֣˸о֡
֮ˡХںºϹͤе֮һַٴγ֣ɫмֹŹ֣Ⱥ߶ôĵӡ
ַ̧ۣĿⶸȻһâʹòХͫ΢΢ɫһ쵰
֮ΣȷŲɱ㡣ַͫױ䣬֮ʹòХ嶼΢Ĳ֮⣬ŭ죬ַ㣬ޣ


1701 ̫
֮ˣţַ˫֮ͫʱХﻹЩģϾһҹºϣַΪ̫𺳣ɾϵ֮նɱǿ̫ʥͣɱ飬˵Ϊʽٴڣɻַɸ̵ӡ
ӣ޷죬˭ɱ˭˼ɡ
аַĿ¶һĨЦ⣬ַƺЩ仯仯ȴ·˵ûһҹı·һеıΪ㣬챯ߵɲɾϯλô޷ٻλζַǰ;
ʽ٣ôаַȻδܳɻʣипӣûгɻʱûгɻʣ˭޷ʵ
Ҳڣַ֮ʱǱ̲ס΢£Ӱһγˣǰһûдܹǣûܹ̤ʾ磬Ե
֮ˣҿܵ⵽ʱХ˵һ漴ˣص˹֮ͤУַ֮ˣɲ˻ʣᱻԶԶ˦ںͻһһԼƴĻֵá
Хվǲַ㣬֮ˣǸӡ˿һĻаַ޷ɻʣаϣȺʵûбҪȥɱַ㣬Ȼ֮˺̫ʥǿ߳⡣
ʥһЩ궼µĿַ㣬Ȥֳ֮ˣҺһѵһξַĴǿߣַ㣬ʱϹϵˡ
ַĿƽɨȺ˫֣ں֮ߣĿɨ˶¡ɨаҲɨᣬȴƽޱȣƺûа㲨һĻȴʹ̾ϢһΪ¿գӴ·ˣַ㣬ճ·ˣ뵽⣬޵¶һĨЦȴԵмֱ
վַû˵˶ôƽվţʹа̾Ϊζڣ̫ʥˣŹַġ
ºУˮҡҷ˿ȴԵЩĲɣƺ˵Ŀ⣬ַȥ
֮ˣڣ֮һЩǿַ֣ߣȻ㿴ַվںºˮߣɵһɹɿֲɱϯַ壬ֱ֮ѹȶϣҪַѹ塣
ַת壬ЩǿߣĿƽޱȣЩ˴ҴҸһȺλʺλʶѣΡ
㾹ҳһλǿӿֹ׵磬ַŭǷϣ
ϣҪôַ䵭ʹ֮ɱԽ䣬ȻַϣǱ㲻ˣңַһҹɱǿȡ౦̫ʥĵ֮˱̫ǲҪıȴǸõġ
䱻޷ɻʣϾɾϵ֮ӵرʵҲò̽һλǿаţ׼ֱԼðգԵλʵ֮ụ̂޷ɻʶ÷ȥɱ
ЩλаģһȻǳ֣Щǿ˭Ϻ꣬һҹַɱǽ̵ǿַ㱾ʵҲСϵ֮ͨλʿ¶٣ֻɱӦַ޻֮
߰λλǿ໥˶Էһۣ漴΢΢ͷ˸һʱƬ·𶼻ɫֲ֮׵ͬһŭ㣬˿µѹ
ַŲǰ̤վڹ֮£Ŀ⻷ˣȻ֮վǣҵҪ˭ɱ
ÿļһа˵֮ˣʣ˭ɱ
һɫŭü£֮Ȼ£ͬʱַɱҪַⷨû
ˣȺַֻվһɵɫ̣һѵɡ
䣡ֲɫ׹ⶸȻ佫ַ嶼ûرѿһµķ϶ַվǣδҡֺ
û¡Ⱥ΢΢鴤ַƽ͸֮⣬׵֮ȻûжҡֺǷ׵磬޷˺ֺ
ʲô˸еһǿ߶ǣַ㣬Ӳĳôķɱ
֮ˣ޷ɻʣ
ַ㣬Ҫʸеգ
Σ˭ɱң
ַ΢΢ͷջĿֲ׵磬¶һĨĳλʿԵķ̫ˣŭ֮ʱǺɱµķ򣬺ֹǿʮŭ֮ûһĻʽ֮ǿᣬλʵķ֮в
¡һɸǿɫ׵£ַͷſ죬һڽڣַɫ·ʱܻᱻըѿ㣬Ȼֻƽվǣûа㱻
ַеʣ¶һĨ̫ˣ֮ˣɱɱô
ֻоϻģѿ̫ˣ֮ˣɱɱˣַûжһ£衣
ֱɱһλλǿ߱˵֮ˣǿᣬЩλǿ߱Ҫǿķͨ̽ʵΡ
ЩǿЩԥô˷֮ͬʱ٣ַһɱɱ
ǲֵĻҶˡַЦгһɫǹǹɱ¡
ˣȻ䣬ַϹһ֮֮񸲸˷Ϳռ䷨򣬺εѸͣɲ֮䣬ǹһ˴ɱȥǿһ屬ˣɣ͵ǹԷԴɱɢ
ɱλʣһ
ʲôٶȣַоԴЩã֮ˣǿµٶȣδɻʣնͬɱ㣬׾١
ַתһˣɫ԰ף徹ĺˡ
ɣͬӰǿٶȵķ壬ͬĹɱȥԹ赲ַ㣬ͬʱˣȴ޷ı֣ɫǹԴķʽһģһεȷ̣Ե
ôַ˵·ǳЩǿߵʣʲôʱôˣ
ַֻǰûз


1702 ֮
Щǿߣʵ㲻̫ǿᣬһҲҪǿˣȻַսǸͷӲԼʵױɱ̫ˡ
а˵֮ˣ޷ɻʣϾѾ˷֮ϵռͬʱʹٶȱЩʿ౶ʹǸ޷ַܿ㹥ǹֱӻɱ㶼ûеط㣬һǹҲ£ǹΪƺǿٸ޼᲻ݡ
ЩԶԶţֶַͬΣȻµٶȣֻɱˣʱ˻ǼλλǿߵߣɫѿޱȣǺôǿߣǴ˿һ֮ˣȻսûУս
￴еַӰаһֲ̫ˣûгɻǳͷΣԺҳɻʣȻҲɾͶϵ෨֪᲻һӵɱʵɱͬݽ档
ַĿ䡢ĮԣֳֵѪǹǿߣλǰĶվ
ǰȺƺоֵֹģΪ̣һȺǰΧˣȴɱüλ
ЩλʵĿⶢַ㣬ͫ¶뷨ַƺԶû¶ƣŽʹһ˳ǹѾôˣǵ˱ֵ̫ȱֻǿᡣ
ַ֮㡣ڴ˿̣ԶһϯȺͷ΢Ŀ̧ͷԶ漴Ⱥ㿴Ǳߵ֮һ貶Ŀ̫֮⣬ҫޱߣҪȺ۾Ϲ
һӰԡ̫·̫̫֮ӣЯ̫֮˼䣬ӵ
̫ʥˡȺֻоһĿ۾΢΢ϣֲ̫֪֮жôµ¶ȣ·𿿽Ҫ
Ц̫ʥһλֲǿߣֻλʵǰͳɻ֮ĳսһܣҲպգʵǿ˿ϳԷ̫ʥ岻ǿ߽ŶҪɱַ㣬ͬʱЩ֮˱ȽϻԾЦҵսһս췭ظҲʶʵ
ЦѾַ̤ǰ̫ͬʱ֣֯һҫĿĻӳӵ̫֮Ϊ£ǻλǿߣһնɱȻһλλǿ߲׺С
Цŭȣַ֮㵨ޱȣ̫ʥӵܣͲûʲôоȻַ㱻ϣȻҪԾַɱûذ˱̫֣ɾ̫ʥ
ַĿһֱƽĿЦ˫ͫ׵жûа̫ҫޱȣ̵˵۾ʹַ۾ȴʼûбϹ
ַ͡͡еĳǹŷƺпµ䷨֮аԵħ֮򡢺صĴط򣬲п
ڣ̫֮ԽԽַ۾ڱˣ΢΢ķ紵ĳ֮ϣڶһӰ·ַ̳һǹ
ͣ
΢ôĸɾǳǹƿͷ­ַĳǹƿЦͷ­ûܵ谭
Ц۾һĲһеĲƺǲţôһǹɱղţΪ̫֮ϵĻͻȻ䱩ܳ˺ɫĻ磬ʹ΢΢ʧһɲǣһɲǣǹмһ̫Դûκܹ赲
û׵ı˻ɱ
䣡ַ㳤ǹһʱЦԴըѣʬ屻ַݺݵĺ䵽һԣϵĴַָ㶼ˡ
ЦȻַܲһ֮ôַǱȳɻ֮ĳﻹҪֲаЩš
ܣȻһսңʵû֪·ǿǿֻǺЦѣɻʵĳǿʢŻ־ɱ˲ۣҪ֡
Ⱥǲģʲôˣ¹Ż־ӳŻ־ƾǿ־ܹɱǿޣȻһ޷ɻʵܹսʤģȻ޷ɻʵսҲܿ£ɾϵ򣬲Щϧˣܹ̤ʾõϿɣһ˵ܺͳȡ
˲ûַ˼ֻŶмܹᲢ۵ˣһΪµĴۼǿߣȣʱַ㼫ҫۣɻᰵ޹⣬ʵ޷ı䣬ƿϵҲܳɻʣΪֹڴˡ
ɱ
˻ַһɱЦ𾪵еʱֻһλǿͬʱ֣ɲ֮䣬׵֮âַյУЩ׵Ǻܿ£ȴַƵģǵ壬ҫĿ׹ɱַ㣬ַǿᣬǵķͨǻУַҲʮ
ãַΣˡȺͫһû뵽Щǿôݣλλͬʱɱַ㣬ַ֪Ӧ
䣡
Щλʽַߵʱ򣬿ֲĻ֮֮Ϣ˲佫û棬һ˶ˡ
ͣ
ͲҵĺͬʱȺģһλλʣ
󷨣ַȻղһöЩ뵽档
֮УХ֮ս֮żȺ뿴Ⱥֻܸɵۡ
ʱղһɿµ˼µֻ֮Уһɱɫ׵磬ֻŵϹ⣬޾ĻֱӱñѣȺ龰֮ʱȴ̲סͷ£ˣλʣȫֻʣʬ壬ַɱ
֪һֲֻ׵ӡпɱ£ʹȺҲǴǿߣֿܹ
Զͬһ̫âڲ֮ϣ̫ʥһλֲվ֮ϣ̫·ͱ󣬶¿յַ㡣
Ĵǿߺ̫ʥĴˣ
ǣ׵ӡըѵһɸӿµ٣Ⱥֻо嶼ҪѹյУл𲨶ٶ¡
ǰǺ⣡һŭȹȺ̧ͷ漴ͷ̲סݺݵĲ£ֻյУĴǿˣȻ壬һ˫׳Ĵֱӿסˣ
ʲôȺӰֻ̫ӳȴףһλµʥۼĴڡ
ŮҲܶģһֲ漴յм֣ըѣ·˻շ籩
ܣȺգһĻֻо·𱻶ס˰㣬һλǿߣɱˣ


1703 
ҷ𣡡Ⱥԣķ籩Űڣ̫ӳնɱλۣңʬǲ
ǿߣʱҲ˵Ĵһɵı֮У֮ѣؽѣ޾ܣϴ񣬲лɾʹϯλȻɲ֮䣬һгɿգһλۣԸԵǿĴڣ˵ɱ㱻նɱ
һĻԽʶжôĲпᣬ֮ǿµǿ߸ǹģһλǿˣŮ³һɱ
ȻҲòȺоѪڣʥۼɾʹΣһȥɿգ֮أԵʵԵİԵƿʵΨҶ𣬴һɻɱ
Ȼַ㣬֮ˣʱΪŮˣ
磬Ҫһ֮ΪŮƺЩ֣Ȼַ츳ǿɾϵ򣬵Ͼ޷ɻʣŮȻˣʥŮͬóְ֮ˣԵЩ䲻
ѵֻһ׸ˣԸÿƣһ䣬ַֻŮʵֻߣʥŮﰮַ㣿
ǰƺЩʵȻҲֿܴܵͣڵģ˿֪ʥַʱʹַǰ磬֪֮䷢ʲô顣
Ȼﰮַ㣬ҲϿɵģһִڣ磬Ҫַ̤ʽ٣ɾϵ֮ʡ
ԣӦ뵽аͷȻв֮ͨѾܵˣƾʲôַΪˣҰַɱһλǿߡ
ǴʱַԼж£Ȼ˫ڵȴû¶ʲôƽĻͷһۣû뵽ǰŮ֮
Ҳַ㣬£漴΢΢ƲƲ죬̧ͷеӰһۣͷӣ̫۸ˣȻûԼ˵һֱ˵ֻԽԽΪϲˡ
аϼһûе뷨ֻʱһϰԵĿ̫⳯ʥһλǿȥͫ״͸գޱȣ̫ʥĴǿɫһ΢Щ԰ףղţһλͬڵĴǿߣɱʬ޴档
ǰ̫ʥǿΪۣ˿ȴоЩ飬ԵǿߣʥۼҪԸҲֻ·һˣӶûпܡ
̫ʥ壬Ҫ𣿡еƽ˵νȻַָ㡣
̫ʥĴǿɫѿΪۣδй˿̵Σ̫ʥ壬ַ㣿
ش𶯣Σȥ룬ҲǱɱ³
ǣ˿Ļش𣬲Ҫһˣ̫ʥ壬Ϊ־ش𲻻ᶯ̫ʥںεأ־оѿ
ҵĻ𣿡٣ѹϣ̫ʥĴǿͷ΢£а뵽ش󣬱Ȼң̫ʥȷ˵ŶͲͺЦ˵ô򵥣̫ʥ壬ҵġ
²ҡǴǿǫ˵¿֮ǰǾԵǿߣ£¿֮ͬϣǰ֮ˣȴԵñ΢һжʵ˵
Ҿͺã˹̫ʥ壬̫ʥ嶯һë̫ʥ弦ȮϵĹ³ʹ¿ȺľҲ֮⣬˭ҳ˿ԣҪһʥ弦Ȯ
ǰ۱˱̫֡Ǵǿ˵˵ŵʱǻ΢΢鴤š
Ļδ£ϰԵ³ʹǴǿ߸Σֻ˵ǡ
˵գ̫ʥǿ̤ȥת˲֮ʧûټûڼˣ϶ȴ΢ȥ
塣еİԵٶתںһȺ֮ϣЦɣǸҷ˳ǴŶ
֮ɫѿ֪Էʸ˵ֻ岢ǹʥ壬ֻһѣ뢷ŭܳһǿʢ塣
ھ½֮УԶڹҲǹʥʷĳӵЩĹʥԼ϶һͬ㣬һǿ󵽿һ֮ˣǳˣЩǿʢĹʵҲȺеΪΪЩǲǵģͿ塣
ʢһʱʥ壬ˡ
֮˻ˣ̫ʥǹʥ壬ǲ뢣ܹΣʳ޷ˣֻаޡ
֮ˣû뵽õˣǺ˿ַа˵λӻַ㣬ǸַŮݣһַݾͬʥĵϵһˣŶ˭׶
õļһХɫ͸⣬ַ̫ˣǱģȴ·תǿҪһɱַǲˡ
һ޷ɻ֮ˣᱻ˦ԽԽ󣬻ǿ߷ַûгɻϣҲ˵
Ц뷨עֻһգַ㣬ûгɻô
ֻ죬ϰˣΣǻʣԼĻʣһ硣
ŶйŶĹأһһ֮Уٶ£һΣŶ
κһطǱڵĹŶǿȻҲһͬȼ֮ͬ棬ĳǲֵܲģ·ϣע˱̤̭ԼܣԼ֮ˣȴͬĽ棬ɾҪˡ
ȻͬļͲҪ̸أֱȭͷˣҾ㣬ҺΣ
ͬе˶Ը壬壬ҷһƨ


1704 ڳɻ
ַ֮ʵӰ뿪˺º˶һַºΪ̫֮ʥ۱뿪ǿߴַŮ֮ζŴӴԺַ㣬ҲͳԼ²ܵһӵпֲ硣
һϢӺºӣܿ죬޾Ŷʥû˵ʲôµӻ׸㲻ˣַޱȽֻ̫ʥԼ壬ˣҲûжַıҪңаĹŽҲǱַģֻǿϧ̣һǲַܶˡ
磬֮ϣַϥںľ֮ϣһһƽ˳˿̣֮УַСڣһ̨ͤ¥𣬴£ңɽ塢ͬһƬʵ硣
֮ƺΪҵĽ֮һ֮Ϊ΢С֮Ҳ࣬ʹܹƵ磬򣬳ɾһƬʵء
ַվ֮УϴһĨЦ⣬һɨ֮ʱǷϣֻоԼȵ֮֮ˣҲ죬ɾΨ֮졣
֮磬ȡ磬ַ֮أ֮磬ķǲϿɵģŭ
ԣַ㣬¶һĨɫַƽͣһһƽޱȣ֮ڷ·ֻڰϢףַ˽⣬һﲻһֱģǼǿҵģôܻȹ
ǣַ辶ͱķʽͬ˵
ַȷʵԽԽˣͷʲôʹַأ֮ˣŭŶȴûַ֪ġ
оŹֺͲǣΪʲôַΪ䣿
ַ㲢֪еǿҺ棬˿̵Լ֮УϷ䣬ҪһʱĳͬʱúȹһԼΪٽ⼸ϵȥŭٴ콫Ѿڴŭ֮٣ǼֱǶĴ֮ͨλʵķ򹥻Чŭ֮ٺ䲻ˣοͨ
Ѫ߹Ŀֲޡ
һɽ֮ϣ˿ǣòԶޱȣһˣȻ֮һ⥣һˣ۰Ժºϵߡ
ϴô־⥶˵ַŶַΪŮΪݣ⻰˵֮󣬼ǲɸˣַΪŮƺѳɶ֣Ϊϴ־
㲻ͷˣ˶⥵΢΢ҡͷϴȻô⣬ʲôҲ֪İɣ㲻˵ҲʣǣǱӦ˽⣬һֱϣںСһģ¶в졣
ô᲻֪ڵСӵ˼ֻ׷ôã㿴ʲôӦ𣿷оԽԽܹңҸСǻᣬԼ޷ȡҲǿҿַСӲҲ˼Ҳ˵Ц˲׵ĸоԶûںºϵ֮С
а̰˷޴ͫףСҲϲǼһء
Ǿűǡ
ֻǣǺӾǿĺܣ»᲻ˡ
Ϊ̫ڣ̫ʢַҲãǲҪȥˡ˿˵ʹĿһַܴڵǺǰѾҪɾϯλˣʱ򻹲֪˭˭ɡ
ǺãСǵ飬ͽԼˣҪҪͶ˵һ
ã϶ôСˡ
˻˵ţȻ˵֮ʱȻ䣬Զһ֮ϣֲ̫񷣬ʹ˵ͫһĨɫĿ⳯ȥ
һĽڳХ֮漴ֻس죬̫֮·͸С罵£¡һ죬һں䱬ɽ֮Уԡ̫֮ϣҫޱȡ
ˣ̫ڳ֮ȥҪȥطϴ񣬵֮λˡ
⺢ӣͻˡ¶һĨЦ⣬ǰʱ˵оٽ㣬Ҫչأû뵽ô죬ͻˡ
ڵ츳úôĥһĳɾͻߡҲͬ˵ͷ˵ַ㣬ĥڣ֮Уû˸ѹɲС
̫ڵ֮ͬ⣬ͬڿģǰǸɲС
ڱĿַƸܵԶǿ󶯾Ŀת֮ʱҲڳȥ΢һƲޱȣΪ̫츳ӹɵģܲǿȹҲһ뢼
ȥַŲ̤ȥ̫ͻƳɻʣ֪ǿ
Ҳ漴ϣ磬֮Уֲ̫֮ᴩ£ڵ֮Уͬʱֲ̫̺̫֮ʹڳֹΧһƬ죬ܵ¶Ȳ֪жôֲ
̫ɾ͵ķɲǻ淨򣬶̫֮𣬿±ͨĻ淨Ҫǿࡣַ㿴һĻΪľΪ̫츳ǿӵơ
ڵ彥󣬳ףſ̫֮񷣬һ̫֮ӳޱȣʣɱЩλʿҪǿˡ
ǽײ֪ǿַ૵ͬΪǼײ»Ҫˡ
֮Ĺڵڣֱɾϯλɻʵʱ䣬ҪһЩ
ڳɻ֮󲢲ôˣĿɨ˺վһַһۣѳɻʣȥ㸸ס
һﻹûġѾˡ
ˣü
ҸѾַ㣬ûˡƽ˵ʹַ̣֮ͫʱųһĨֲ̫֮⣬ɭɱ
ܡ͸ź⣬ôܣչһʱճɾϯλ֮䣬ַˣ޷ܡ
ûʲôܵģ㲻ſȥʡƽ˵ɫͫãҾȥʣǼģҲӦɱҵġ
˵գſֲٶȳ統УǰǼԵ˳Ϊʣݵô£


1705 ս̫
һ޹֮УϽУƺʲô˵ףһЩǿ
СŶ֮磬ȻֵֹܣֻΪףͳƬ硣
ڴʱһɫ֮УһӰڣʱɫ䣬̤֮бʵүӣҪס
ϽڿԼڣͫ䣬̤֮ȹ̾硣
ȹ̾Ժᡣ˵үүǷǳģһֱ˵
ϽڳĬƬ̣漴ڵѾˡ
֮ࣿˣɫɭ䣬Ȼûƭ¾ȻΪ档
ڴʱӰ˸֮УԼַˣ֮ڣַһμλλ΢΢Ƿַλǰ
΢΢ͷϽĿ·Ҫַ嶼͸˫֮ͫУ̫
ϵ򣬵ȷ֮ˣ磬ϴʲôϽʵǲ˵ģ粢ʲô֮£ҲĳɾСϴȴһλ࣬һ֮ˡ
飬ҪҡϽڿڣ˵ʹͫ΢΢һүӣһ޷ɻʵ࣬ʲôʸΪŮ
˵գĿⶢַ㣬Ը˳ӻ򣬼үүҲὫɱ硣
ôܻɱңַƽ˵ԽڵԸԼսһԶưոݣԸ֮ˣֻʵȥշѹ
Ц֮ѵΪƾɱһЩʣΪԼǿҪɱ㣬̶ûáͷϵ̫ʹڣҲرַ̡
Ҫ̣ҶñһսΣַ㵭˵ʹͫһ漴˫¶Цɫ̫ǿʢ֮죬ַ㾹Ȼ˵һսֱǿ֪
ȻҪҳȫ㡣ڱ
ʤң㴦ãʤ㣬ֵΣַ㵭Į˵
֮УַĻ¶Źֵɫ˭ַţȻҪʤ̫ڿѾɻʣһλɻʵʵͬоǳ۵ģܹᲢۡ
㲻ʤҡ͸ǿš
ʤ㣬Ӵ֮󣬲ٸҵ飬Ҳ׼ٴַûڵĻڣ뢵ĺܲɱΪ˼Ժ鷳ֻܺս
һսŭХһ죬ֱ񷣬ԡ޾̫С
ַתŲ̤룬һϯۣ建̤֮ϣͽԶֻоһֲȷ·Ҫȼհ㡣
̫֮ͨĻ淨¶Ҫ࣬ҵĻ淨ܹѣ޷̫ȣųȽϣ˵ַаڴʱ֮У̤磬жˣ֮ѡַΪŮǵҪַкι֮Ҫ̫һս
ڲδ¶壬̫֮⻷ƣδɻ֮ʱѹ̫ʥ̫ͣʥ̫̫֮
ˣһ˸ַ㣬Ҫ֮ڵٶ㹻£Ϊޣóٶȣ츳ơ
ֲ̫֮ޱȣŭХһȭЯ̫֮ɱշѹɱַ㡣
ַ䣬ƴΣַȭɱûиκεķֻǴ壬ߵ֮ٺɱ塣
һֳ̫âȭͷɢƵĺ¡֮ʹղڹЮſֲ쫷Ʈˣַ㳤ԣվԭذڵӰ
ַ˫ͫ׵У͸֮⣬գҪڸշѹڣ̤ĽԾ󻼣ԺԼ
ɫ΢֮ʱȲַ㣬ɼַ֮ǿ
ɻʣЩɫΪŹ֣ɻʿɲôףУλǿ߲ɻʵĳ̶ȣҲЩ֮ˣλʵʱܹɻʣζſ̺ʵķ򹥻ܹܻʵķ򹥻ֻ磬ɻʣΪǵǿޱȣΪ̫ɻʵһ̣ʵҲͬɻˣȻڱ£ַ㣬ƺҲɻʵĳ̶ȡ
Ϊδɻʣȴɻʣϵֵ֮ޡ
ַˣɫһû뵽ɻʣѹָҪ棬Ҳ˶ѡ
˵գڳХһʱ֮ҫգ̫أֻɫĽɫצԡ
壬̫ϡ
֪νǿ³һֲ֮£ֲľצֱӿɱַȥǼǿʢĻצǿסܽ˵嶼䱬
ַ̧ͷǹЮֲ¶Լ쫷ڣͫ΢΢ǿֲľ޴ǿѹɱЩܱġ
ħط֮ƣַһ𣬾޴ֲӡ͵ĳǿצ˹ȥ
ǣצӡ֮ϣޱȵʹڸоצʹ֮У޾ķԼµ̫֮ɽַ֮ɱӡշѹ
ֻצͬʱ¿ɱҪַץѵ
ַŭһ岻û˱֮ƣϮţŭХɱûκεĻڣԾԵײ̫֮·Ҫȼַ壬Ƭնס¿յһҪս
ףַϷףΪͿռ˺ڽУת˲֮·նڵֻצ֮ϣʹóХ졣
ǶûķͨǿķײսΣաа˵ϲսַ㾹ȻҲͬһħ㣬ڿӲ
һ죬̫汬ѣںַӰֿʱֻڵ֮϶͸ŽɫĻ֮Ѫַ˫ͬѪģòɼղŷս֮ҡ
ڵ˫·ݽȥַ㣬ѹָҿпԣЩʵΣһʶ
ԲѣΪ̫ڽⲫսж޷ռϷ磬һսַ˫ͫĮ츳̫ǿˣͨޣӲƴѱĨɱ
ˣû˵ֻͫױ֮У޾̫֮£֮ϣʱ̫⻷ޱߣһгһŻ֮ӰڵӰʧٴγ֮ʱо̫ɻȫɱַ㡣
ַ˫ޱȣ֮أÿһ˿˿͸׽Žڹ켣
ַͫһĨЦƶȻ̽ʱһŤǰһڵӰɱֻоŤռ֮УֲצֱѹȶգʱŤĿռ䶼ֱӱѵٶѾӻ
䣡һɿֲӣʹƬռͬʱ彵٣ֻоţǿʹ嶸ȻһԴ¶⣬֮ƮַȭͷѾ˽ڵԴϣûпַһȭ˳ȥ


1706 þ
䣡һص촫ַȭͷڵľ޴ԴϣֻоԴ·ҪѰ㣬ǷһХûкˣֲַȥ̺Լ̫֮𣬶Ȼʹַ嶼ȼ
֪ˡַЦɱ׸ǣ΢ֱͬӽ̫ϡ
¡ַĽźݺݵ̤ڵĹѣ졣
ڳХϣɲϰݣҷ裬ͬʱҪɱַ㡣
ġַ˸һֲڶԷϣʹýڿŭХ³̫Ѫ
ˡ¿գϽ³һеӰŽĻַһԾ뿪ڵ壬Ŀվ֮УƽĿǰڡ
ʱǷϣȴ͸űŰ֮⣬Ͳϵ³ڵѪ¿յ䣬ѪҺͨ޶Ǵ֮˷ַоͦϧģǰС֮ʱζѪʹѪǿʢһλʣòѪ
ڣ˾ǰˣúģִʤʲôڿɲųϽ䵭˵ʹͷ΢ȻĿĶַ㣬ƺԸܴ˴սܣȻܸ࣬жޡ
ԼȥָƣȹΪϽٶŽĿַƿϽڵǡ
˵գڳХһȥŭХ͸˿˿ġ
Щ֮о֮սǺǿ󣬾ȻڣϵʹöȷʵӵкܴƣٶҲǳֲû㣬ڼΪҡ
ǰǸַϽڵϾ磬űöԷ˲ңƺЩ̫
ʵսʤڣûбҪҵǸȻѡΪŮĵٴսֳǿǱȻǽ˿ɻԶ޷ƿʱϣһҲֻսǿѣ𣿡ڵĮĿ˵
ַ֪΢΢ͷϽڵҲûжֳ˵Ļ䲻ôȴʵַֻ֮ˣ޷ɻʣЩУֻķѡ
ϽڳۻӶȥַһۣβ뿪ַֻԡ
ллַ˵
ֻΪʡȥЩ鷳ңôֵõллҡַ΢Цûߣ񻹲֪ʲô֡
ԼɲݣԶģȹ̾Ϊ֮Ҳ㡣ַ
ǱŰأֱΪַֹƽ˵͸һĨ֮⣬ɲ֪ôǾŰΪֹ
ǻȥɡﵹûлַʵһޣҲǸɻʣ̫ײ
ַص֮ϣվԵŵַҿڵսɻʣ嶼Ҫǿ󣬶óϵ磬׼һ֮֮ͨͨ޲þɱ¾֮ԵޱߣҪɱ֮˲ſӺʣȻҲ⡣
лǰַ¶л⣬뢴֮ͨضǼΪǿ֮ͨƶϵѾǵٻλԼںϹܹ֮ͳǿͨȻãЩʥĵӳɻ֮ҲȻǿʢͨ
Ϊþ㡣üĹâ˸ֻһַ֮ڣ̺һǿַ֮֮ͨʱâƯԺ֮У֡ɱ¾ͼһصıӰþء
þ޾ԵΪþþաþأؼһнԿɲþɱ¾ԵޱȡַϢа֮ͨǼĵͨͨ˸޷Ӵ
ַ·뵽þ֮У޷԰Σþɱ֮ΪɾͲþɱԽԽǿ޲ɲþ֮ңûй涨ԺвþΪؼֻҪ㹻ǿԿɷþ֮Ҹó֮óþռ䡢óþ

ʥַĪϧ̤Ƭ֮ϣкһڤ֮ˣЩϧƺһѾ˵ʥܴʥƣʥعֵϢ
ĪϧȻΪʥֻڤõϢǧǰʥõһžⲿžֱӵʥõϢ֮ڤҲûб̫ϣܹõǲžǲĪϧŶߵλڤǿͬǲžϢ֪ͨڤڿǲеĹžҲˡ
ʿѵıһλʿĪϧ૵֪Ǻôãַ㣬˵ọ̃ȴ޷ɻʣ֪ˡ
ĪϧеʽپȻַϣĪϧʼţַһ߹ģͬΪС֮ˣַĵһսѩ˱ʶַ֪һ·ֶôס
ڤӡʱһĪϧع㿴һλŮ㺮Ӻ¡
ˣǹ㺮֮ˣŶ֮ǰĪϧŶһЩ鶼˽һЩȻҲ֪ضǿĹ㺮־Ȼѩ¾ֵһЩвǳϵġػʡ
ϼӦ㺮ž飬պ󣬹㺮ŶȺ۵ڤӼŶһ֤ͬһʱ̡㺮֮˵ʹþĪϧͷ΢ʹųǷ֮ˣû뵽˴ȻҪ㺮ž顣
ãһĪϧͷӦŶûһԼŶӢܣ˴˻ᣬҲһء
лڤ͹⣬СŮӸǡŮ˸뿪ǰһ´


1707 ױ
ܿ죬Ŷǿõ˹㺮Ϣպ󣬺ºͤ⣬ϼ㺮ž飬Ӣ֮˵֤һ鴫֮˲С
ǰЩʱչ㺮㴫Ϣӵʥκ˻ֻҪܹóȼֵĹž飬ɽ׵õʥȻڹʥŶҲΨЩʥӵУǼ֮ϵ̫ش󣬶񣬳ңȻԸ⽫ʥóʥβʹǿ𾪡
ˣʼº׼֤һʱֻ̣ʱ併١
ַ֪һϢ֮ҲΪȣȴҲңܹʥʥó˽ףɲһеġ
󣬰˷֮ʿº磬ַ㡢ԼҲͬһЩһǰ֮УַԼǰգֻ⡺𣬵˴γ㺮ž飬Ϊ˳ˡ
΢΢ףҲΪġ
ǧǰ֮󣬲ʥǿӣֺܳһʱݷڣӲΪУΪ͵ΪµĻԻ͸ʹóһֱʥĳƺţҾΣΪûʷĳһֱڣңƺΪϣ
ƽ˵ʹַϵĹʥ嵹һ˿˽⣬һֱΪ͵ԵЩأ֮˴
֮󣬳ֱֹ죬壬֮ʱǿʢ֮ƣѷ壬ұ˶Ĺʥδ˶߹ʥܴΪ˳ֿ̬񣬵ԴȴޱڳҲΪõģ˺ܸۣѷ塣
ŽΪơַƽ˵Ž˥Ѿãа֣Ž׼ߣԽа
ȷֻ֮ǹŽʷãޱȹϣʢ֮ʱޱǿᣬȻҲһ콾̤ʥ֮󿪴ʥǿ֮־ǿʢȻ˵Ҳ˶
ԳҲΪ壬ܹʥʼµĴܼڣǧǰĳĴڡ
˵ʥޱȰԵǳҵϵҲ˵ᵼ־ңһǧǰһλʥ˼ǿĵزħ̫ǿ־־ңɥʧǣɱ˲ˣ֮˸ʥֱ֡
⡺Ŷ֮УҲʱἰŶһЩ£ȻǲһЩԿЩʱģȻ˽Ƚϸӵ۹ʱʸΪǱǼ֤ߡ
ȷ֮ˡַõǿԴԵʥܹɼİԵǿᣬ񣬳ﾹȻܹʥҲǸȻŶΪ͵˵Ѿ̹ٹŻ־
Ȼճʥ˵һȴǿհȺۣ֮档⡵¶âƺҲҪӵгշˡ
ôȻҲǷǳµˡַ㿴⡵
˲ӡ²΢΢ͷַڣ⡶ַսҲǷǳϿɵģ֮ͬʱ޷ڣַȴˡ
û뵽⽻ʥı󣬾¡ַ૵
ʱºóһƬ޴յԵмգ˿Ŷῡﶼڴ˵أڸλߵλãȴֻй㺮ӣλŮĹ㺮ӰƮƮγһķ羰ߡ
ϲӺͳܽԵҽʥ£Х㺮ǰһλЦʱͳһŮˣｻ׹ʥĶ
л΢Ц˵㺮йأ˭ܽ׵õž飬˭ܹõʥʥԼǽʥΪͨǺǽĶģǻֲֿջ󣬲ŻʹЩʾ㺮ȥ͹ʥһӽùʥĽ
ʥǹʥĴӵеõĻᡣ
ڲХνĽԵָ⽻ףҲζӺͳˣߵһ𣬵ȻХȴףҲϲŮˣԲΪһŮ˶׳ʥҪʥ
ͱԼһҲϲˣϲӣǣʥĽףȥҲ˽
а֣ʱӵĺ¡ХŲԶаЦаǺߵĺܽ˵ĹϵΪΪмаƺͶ飬ŽĽ壬ˣҲΪ
Ĺžа˵ХֻЦ£ûжʲôʱֻԶһӰΪ֮һλ꣬ɫۣԵ÷棬ݷǷңһ
ڤڤӣˡ˼ˣаһڤڤŶϢ˶֪ˣ˿̼ĪϧЩ֮˲ϳ
˵Ҳʣڤ壬Ϊڤһڤӣʵǿ󡢵λǿӡ²Լаһȼа˵ڤʮ֮֮һʥݵǿڤʵǿޱȣ޷ȡ
аͶ²ܵĿ˲䳯žĪϧͶȥͬΪʣ϶һսȼգĪϧƺܵϵս⣬ʱ˿˿֮ȻֱȴҲһڤ֮⾳·˵ꡣ
ˡȺܵƣʱɫһλۼһɲװŶӵˣƺҲֻӡ²һ˶ѣаǴӹŽֻлû壬㲻ö֪ˣϾһЩὫ䣬ֱǵһ̶ȺŻǳȺС
ڤ塣ХЦǰžĪϧ˵ܹڤӣХΪҡ
塢ХĪϧԺгִ˵Ϣʵ㲻ȴΪαЦصڤϢļأԼĴˣһ仰ַ㲻ͣ
ˣĪϧֻǺƽĿ˲Хһۣ㽫ĿתûᣬһĻʹòХɫΪΣͷ΢䣬ĪϧȻӣ


1708 ƻ
ĪϧûХı飬ֱӴ̤ߵаߡ
аŽ壬̤Ž岻ãַ֮ѣԹŽַ֮ǾĪϧаӡ
ڤĪϧĪϧа΢΢ͷݵ¶һ˿΢ЦһĻʹаΪ죬ͬΪ壬Īϧû֮⣬ʾãȻŽǳǿᣬڤҲͨĪϧƺûжʾõɡ
ȻĪϧԲȱվͬžĪϧ΢΢ͷŽ壬а
ǻѵġĪϧ΢Ц˵һɷǳ֮УʹаȲˣûлӦʲô֪ĪϧΪλô˵
ҲΪȣƺЩԾأǻΪ彻棬ȴû뵽Īϧľٶ͸ŹŹ֡
Īϧ߿漴һ۾λ㺮ӣĿϣƽĿпʲôԼ֮·ѡ񣬶ԣ·˰ɡ
ڤӡ¶һĨЦ嫣ʱȴֺСַ㡢ĪϧŶȤǣǹ㺮֮ˣĪϧʥڤһڤӡַݣŮʱо仯죬һ˻ǿдСΣ·ĿʵЩǶ˺ܶ࣬ˡĪϧַҲһҲˡ
ĪϧƿĿ⣬ƺҲӡַ֤ǵӴ·ˡ
ˡڴʱһȺ̧ͷԶֻһӰ̤ĿƽйʥĽףɿ
ܿ죬彵ٿյ֮ϣֻһǰƺϵʥ׵Ĵ£ֻһ飬ǹ㺮ڻǳҴڱ󣬶ǿߣҲڹעŴ°ɡ
ȻԼӿų¶һĨЦ⣬£ǳΥԼвС鷳ʥѾԺУûн׵õʥ֪ᷢʲô顣
ҴӦģȻͻﳤۻӶǰȥʹ˸оƺΪӲôģ˶ǳԼҪʥԲܻʥнס
ڳģ˵֪ˡ
ַ˴˿Ҳ̤նø˹ʥĽףĿ⳯¶ʣ˵ݣҲǳ˵ע⡣
ʥŮ⡣ǿĹ⥣ַ㣬ŶĶʱգ嫹ŶŨصһʣ֮ˡϵ壬Ҳ죬ɱϡŮַ㣬ڲ֪УѾŶ˷ǳ̵ӡ
һҹºַ֤Ⱥĥӡ󣬺ܹӵǰͿµ֮־ң棬û˻ַ츳ֻܳɻʣʵЩпᡣ
ĪϧҲַ㣬лȻһɣʱַȣʮ㣬ûаǷ֮һϮãͬһ㡣
ұ֪ܹ̤ġĪϧаַ֪ǵѾˣֻǳ֮⣬ûַ֪ܣַԺԶͣһ磬Ȼ˿ʵľ磬¾ַֻԼ֪ˡ
Īϧַ㿴Īϧ֮¶ʣһ֪Ŷ֮£˶ڤڤӾĪϧŶ֪
˿ŶԷһЦ·һжڲС
ӦñʥڤڤӾĪϧˣ˵ǲڤ壬Ŷ֪Ϊ¡ҲžĪϧĪϧͶһĨЦݣɵøеΪ졣
ڤڤӣ˻ַ֮и¶һĨâΪˣĪϧãҵʥݣȻο˴֮󣬺ǰֵѼûм棬ҲûκϢ֪Ƕˡ
λգҹ㺮Ӣܳｻžλ֤ʷԵһ̣ڳλӵйʥҲѡӽʱһλ㺮ڵŮǳЦ˵͸ŵջʹа̾㺮ڱӵڶžҪõž飬ͼıС
ҹ㺮ӺͳɡŮ΢Ц˵ֻʱӺͳߵһ˻ͷ漴ü֮֮˸ǽž֮Уǿڽ֮ϣӶᡣ
֮⽻ӵ֮УҲͬʱûӵ棬ͬʱ˭޷ס
Ľ׹ʥȺͫǰһĻ˴ιžĽƱػŶƽζŹ㺮ںͳϼ壬ƿǿĹʥ
ʥ壬ӳ𣿡аﱾ츳ǿᣬٵʥʥδ£ܳɾճ緶㽫߸Ŷˡ
䣡˼ͬʱ֮жȻһĨֲɱ漴Ⱥֻһ貵Ľɫӡͬǰ׹䣬ųԼӺɱȥ쵽Ⱥ۾޷ϡ
вסҪɱˣȺͷ͵Ĳ£ɱ㺮ԼƻʥĽףɾһ£˭ðա
һɿɨȻӵͬʱʧԭأֲĽɫӡڴ֮ϣʹõһָӣݽȥ
֮ϣһֲǿʢϢŭȵ˭Ҷҳӣ
Ⱥ̧ͷ漴㿴֮ģӰƹ棬ǵݣʱĳԼӳ˺ºУǵǰһλɴŮӻǣ͸ſµϢ
ˡˣǼƹţɲ⣬Ƭնж֮⣬ʹȺͷһֲ֮£⼸ƣǴۼǿߵĿƣ


1709 ӡ
Ⱥ׷վԭزԵǶ߶ֻһз
ֲĵֱѹȳԼӶȥǿޱߣ·Ҫɱˡ
֪ĹҪƻʥĽͷţ̧ͷļȥֻҪһģӰ̤ƶҪѹƬأ嫷Χڵˣܹĸֲܵѹ
ȻڴʱºУ㺮ڣһµ·Ҫ߱ɱأ¡һ֮¡һ죬ֻһͤѣһޱȵӰ̤ңͷҲԵøҲͬҰ˰㣬ǹƣ˶ܵϢ
㺮֮о˿֮ˣҾޱ߷𾪣صĹ㺮ڵ̺ǿһֱǸա
ˣҲ֮˽Ųһ̤գӰ̼ʧһλǿȥ
𣡡Ȼ䣬һ죬Ⱥֻо嶼Ҫըѵ·ֲܵϮ֮УƻʥĴǿɫҰףֱ֮Ӹоڸ⵽شѪ³Ĵǿͷݺһֱ̤뿪ת˲ʧ
𣡡һɽ֮տضҡֱɢͷֱ̤֮Ǵǿǰֲͬ޼᲻ݵĸ㳯ŶԷɱƬռ䶼ͬˮӿ֮
ǴǿɫҰףŲ͵ĿҪǷƺᣬһ漴ֻƶȻ󣬽ضҪȥ͵һۣʱǴǿ߱˿ֲ֮УԵøС
ַ㿴һĻٶȲѾڶοݵĴҲСʱ̣·ͬϰ㲻һȻ׻ֻΪǷӵʵֲ̫Ǵǿ߸޵ֿ
䣡һ¡֮һַۼ֤һλǿߵ䣬ҷ𣬱Ƿ˺Ƭʬ޴档
ַ㣬ҲһĻţӵʵÿ£ӣǴӹ㺮߳ǿߡ
㺮ڴӹһֱɹžѾ֪ռ˶Ĺž飬Ĺ㺮Ҳʹȥѵڹ㺮ֹžɾʵ
аţǷӻɱһǿ֮󣬸ƽʼնɢͷȺ޷۾ǳģֻŲһ̤һǧ˲ֻص˹㺮֮Уʧ·ûгֹһ
ڸղһɹɵֲӵĳ֣ʧӰ٣Ȼ޴档
̫ǿˡȺ£㺮ԽԽˣУ˶ӡٹž顢мλֲֿķӣ
һУ֪ҲЩ㺮Լ֪㺮һͬĿģõĹž飬ʹʵǿ
ʱҵǿĿ⿴ǹ㺮Ů˵û뵽㺮Ѿ׼˳֣Ϸˡ
¹ϵʥĽףҹ㺮ŶӢǰͣܲ׼ʥĽףܵκεĸšŮӶеĳǿ΢Ц˵ǿ΢΢ͷˣϷǡ
˵գĽŲ̤ͬӹת˲ʧ
뿪֮ǹ㺮İŮˣ΢ЦκֻҪ͹㺮׹žκţ㻹λģ⣬ҹ㺮ȱž飬ֻҪλóȼ۵Ĺž飬ҲԽĹž
㺮ţȻ̹Ȼ˵ǲȱž˰뵽ͨô˵»֣֮㺮ȴңǶԼʵǼΪŵģҲӡ֤˹㺮ǿѹŶκһ׵㺮
λŹ㺮ʵԺǿȸλһʥŮӼЦ漴˹ʥĽʹ˿˿һӴԺ󣬹㺮ֶ֮һʥʥҲͬʱʥʥΪʥ
ﱾǸԺʵӿ¡а˿ӡ²Լаܵǿѹ
λˣ˼֤ʥĽ⣬ͬΪӡ֤ž֮λһˡʱǹ㺮Ů΢Ц˵漴ڹ㺮УһӰӰɫۣԵÿʷǷһɲǣ˵ͫ׶̲סݺݵ£ͬʱӡ²ȥ
ַĿҲһͣ˵ݺȻӡ²ܼһ˶ѱ㻹ˣµǣǧٵӡ⻷֣ҫռ䣬ҫĿޱȣ·ÿһӡܺһӡǿ
˱ȶ²ܸǶ²ܡȺȽˣʱĶ²Ϣǰ֮ȴǧӡ⻷Ĵڡ
ӡӵӡ֮ӵӡǿʢޱߣžӡڣܻǧӡǿǧ򷽹ӡأܵ˾ɹɷǿʢҹ㺮Դ˾ĽѾãֻԵֻʥܻΣͬʱֹӡ֪֮λǿԸ
㺮Ůָ߳ļٶ²ܣ΢Ц˵
ȻܻҶ¼ӡôȻҪԡӡ²̤Ϊã˼ðʥܻӡ壬Ҫܻʵ
ãӡԣȻʲŮ΢Ц˵漴ֻӡͬʱ̤ڿգ϶ǧӡ⻷֣ҫĿޱߣ²ܵӡ⻷Ȼӵ貶ĿʵС
ɱ²ŭһʱһӡ֮⻯ֲӡŶԷɱȻԷҲͬĶӡײͬʱŶԷ̤ʱ޾ӡƯضȺֻһӡײѣѾֲ˭Ĺӡ
ӡ廹Ҫǿʢࡣ֮Ⱥֻ²ԽսԽԣŶԷշѹȥöԷʼܣ۹ӡ
ǣڴʱؼ䶸Ȼֲּӡͬ㳯ӡ帲ȥһĻʹòХͫ΢΢£ɫһ䣬ǲ쾭еǿṥֶΡ
ܻӡֻΣȻ֣쾭ǲʥͬùԵףòǿƬ춼Ϊãշѹ˷
ŮһԻ˵Ȼ֮Ͷ²ܵײ·磬ѹƣǼðĶ²ʵȴȷܿ£ó̫ˣĲѸ磬ιΪģҿƮ鶯˶Ҫõʥĳ嶯


1710 ٩
ϴμ滹䣬Ҳ̤֮ˣԲЩʥ󣬻ͬˡַеϴǰɱʵǿᣬóޱȣ˿̺ӡ²ս俴Ʊѹƣȴ¶ܼʵԵࡣ
ʥô档Ⱥǰս૵ֻʱ²ǧӡɱӡȻٶ²ȴӰ磬תƣڿֲӡɲǣӰȻʧ
Ȼӡɳǰǹ㺮Ů΢Цǰ΢ʱֲʹùӡͣ£漴ѿڼٵĶ²ܣ˿̴л½Ůߡ
Ĳ²ܿǼð֮ˣĿһĨ֮ɫҲŶĹ֮һڶʢʱڣҲΪʥ壬û䣬ĲŶ֮ɼʢðĶ²ܣĲҲó֪Ƿܻ
ӡ幥ŶۣһսûбҪȥˡŮǳЦ˵ֻλʶһʥ񣬳ӵõʥʥʥܻǿձؽ˸Ŷ
ŮӵĻ²üͷ΢΢£Ҳһиܵ˳ѹʥ֮ǿܻȻʥﱾ츳ٵʥʽٶһ̨ףò˵ŮӼ򵥵һ仰ڳĲ˶ЩˣǿɲԸ⿴ճ۹Ŷ˦龰
ңǸеѹǣʥǼԵĹž޵ôɣ֮־ɾﲻ̫ſ͵гһž֮ʱΪпЩſ֮־
һǧǰĳҷӣ͸ɹ飬ʹóҾһʱĺڰڣΪʱǳҵķΪ
ȻڵĳԲôģҵһЩŻ־֮ûɾ׳
ʥҶ²ȴʥȤ󣬲֪㺮ǷɹҿԿӡ
²ܻ˵ʹɫ΢Ŀ⿴ǹ㺮ŮӣоâŶ˶Թ㺮еĹžޱȣ֪㺮˶ٹž顣
ǹ㺮Ů˻֮ɫҲ΢£漴ǳЦʥ޷λôǺãȥһٸ֪λЩž
˵գŮӾĳŹ㺮˸ȥʹȺоâʢҪһЩ㺮ӵеĹž鲻ɡ
ҪʲôĹʥХĿ⿴²ܣ΢Ц˵
ܹǿĹʥ²ƽ˵ʹͷ΢в²ܿһҪù֮ӡ屾ҪԵĹžǿĻʹӿ£ؽԿ𣬵ʱҲ֮־ֱԾԹնɱ㡣
ڤӴʥݶȻʶ֪ɷ֪һЩž²Ŀ⿴Īϧƽʵ
嫣ӵ칥ľѵãҲֻҪõ㲻ôˣ¹㺮ҲòʲôĪϧ˵
ڤֹžҲǱѰΪɡХžĪϧЦһƺղŲδղ֮¶ԾĪϧʾá
Īϧƽ˵
ڤ˵ЦˣвžڣǿĴڣ֮ˣҪͬղŵĴǿһûܹ㲻Х˵־顣
˵𣿡ĪϧĿ⿴Х¶һĨĳ֮⡣
ȺĪϧɫһⲿž֮ؼʢ˵һλֲľ֮ʱ־ȴ·ԶͻΪǣɾ취
Ȼ˵ХӦ˵㲻࣬Ϊ
ȻڣΪûвĪϧ˵ֻխˡ
ХɫӲɫһһףĪϧ˵ԣɼһڤӹȻŹХ޶ۣڤӴͽ̣Աβ
֪ĪϧŲХʵ
֮Ȼ˵ХӦ
֪м֮Īϧʡ
³۱֮⣬ɡХٵ
Ѿ޶۶ˣ˵޴ҲΪĪϧЦ˵ХŷӦɵɫΪѿûղѾԼԼ⣬ȴʾĪϧȷܴڼһ걻ɲ
ΧЦڤӵΪȤ˷̲ХʹòХ澡ʧ
ֻǸɣڤνĲǺεХзŭȴ֮ѹ£Ц͸⣬ʵ
޲ɼַЦһԲХԣѵĪϧһֱˣôһֱ׷ʲ
ڤӶԻ𣿡ХȻһַ㣬һĪϧλ᲻׶Էˣ׷ʣĪϧճĪϧδ˵ַ㾹Ҳ޲ɼХδ档
ڤӶԻôԸԻݣϲ䡣ַҲŭƽ˵
£ֵõָָ㣬ַ㣬ӻҲŮǺκ壬Ҳͱ߳ҲһХ͸һĨɱ⣬ӻַ㣬Ҫɱַ㡣
ҵµҲֲΪҵģֻǣһֱੲݵɧѣʵڿȥҵҲö֮¡ַХɱγһֻҲΪ̫鷳ϾѾɱ̫ʥԼˡ
ѣХɫ΢ַ㣬Ц˭ѣ
ҡĪϧ³һʹòХͫ΢΢£漴תĪϧֿ˿ַ㡣
ַڤڤӾĪϧѣ
ǲӵܣôоЩĪϧַ΢Ц˵
ӵǧȷڲҵҲͬСַʼǱ΢ʵ治֪Ľ
֮ˣ˭˵ŶӢܣӡ塢ڣҲʵǿᣬһЩԱ֮⣬ȴϲǰ¶һ棬Ҳ֮¡
ַ;Īϧñ꣬ƺ鶼˽Хһһĵ٩ţȴʹô֮ĲХ޵֮У˫ȭա¶ܹ衣


1711 ۹ž
˶¶Ȥɫַ;ĪϧǺҲΪ죬ѹ־ĪϧһֱƺԲХгɼȴа˵ǻܳΪѣԭΪַԵʣӣĪϧַĹϵͨô򵥣ҲΪХ
ԽԽȤˣַ֮ˣŮڤĪϧڤڤӣǾǺѣϽаĻַ㣬λ궼áȺаţһҲֻλ壬ַһ֮ˣȴλôоֵֹģƲַ츳˵
Хһֱͺַ㲻ô·˴Ҫ;Īϧȴû뵽Īϧַ죬ַһ˸ͷ˿Хѿɫš
ʱХĿ⿴һ۾Īϧֿһַ㣬ˣҪսĻһûаգֿԣÿˡ
ɨַ㣬Ȼַ֪;ĪϧʶҲ׾ĪϧҲҪαװʲôˣַ˵ã׸磬ʹڻܻš
Ҳ㲻ڲ壬ѾǸˡַؾ˵ʹòХͫ׸䣺ƾ㣿
ַͫ׶Ȼñޱߣһֺȳͫţ̲Хַ֮廯Ӱ˲ϢڲХǰȻֲԴħɱʱһɿֲþţһڵħþ֮·ҪХ嶼ɱ
Хδ뵽ַ˵ֱ㶯֣ʴɲǣþɱɱ·Ҫþӡûκԥĺɱȥֲıѷ籩Űӡþ飬Х屬ˣһɹɿֲþ嵱УʹƺһȴӲĽһѪ˻ȥ
ַû׷ϵϢһ˲ʧӰȻ޴棬ƽĿŲХ
꣡ХƷ죬ɫѿ£Ǹղֻϵ裬Ǹղһ˲Ĺϵˣʵ֤һУ˭ã
ַٶ˵һ仰ûȥХʵʤ۱磬;ĪϧδҲֻǽХӲŻ٩䣬ڲХַûнԼĶ֣䡣
·;˱ַǿ󣬶Щǿˣֱַ׷ЩˣַκγԽԼĻᣬǶζʧܡ
ӡ²Ϊ塢ܹɹŻ־ǿҲܻĳһԼ棬ǲХûʸ
þ֮ǿԵķ򹥻ַħ֮ͷţ԰ԵסȺܵղַԲХĹܹоõǲþޱȣ֮˸ķͨ
Īϧзâ˸ǴһĨЦݣɲЩЩʥĵӣԶַ㵽һĥ£ʽ٣һ棬ַġ
ʱòŮȻӹ㺮߳˸ǰ΢Ц˵ҹ㺮йž٣ȻλҪ֪ҿ͸¶žλ
ɫһĨɫ㺮׼ųնˣȺעܿӲХתĿⶼǹ㺮Ůӣ͸¶ļž飬زɣ򼴱͸¶Ҳûκμֵ޷Ķ
컯쾭Ů³һʱʹͷ͵һȵĸ֣ʹЩŹⲿžǿ΢Щͣ㺮ڣõ컯쾭
컯쾭ܹ컯̫֮ǳ֮⣬컯ɾ컯֮ӵá
㺮޵˶Ĺž飬һ컯쾭ǿ߷ˣǹ㺮ڵ⣬дǿɱ㺮ᡣȺţʹ˸֪㺮ʲôĹž飬컯쾭
ʥ컯쾭ֵʥֻ⼸ž˾ˡ
޽
ǹ㺮еŮٶȿڣʹͷǺݺһ
ܡȺ֮Уһ漴ֻһӰڿնĿ⳯ȥɫ΢֮ˣŶٶȵĹ塣
㺮ڣô崫йʥɫ΢Щѿ޽ߣûнƣؽԿУӵٶȣ޽ʥǹ㺮Ůȴ˵㺮ӵⲿʥͷ
˵бУ㺮ҲƭڳˡŮӵ˵ʹǿɫԽѿ޲ó㺮崫йž֪ƾղ߳ķӣҲ¹㺮ڣԷ֪޽ʥ̹ȻɼѾĴˣںǣӵǵĹʥ֪Σ
ʲôžڣ²зâ˸㺮ڻǲر֮ذҲصĶЩӰεĹž飬ƾЩž飬㺮һ֧µľųˡ
˵һžⲿž֪ǺǲȱĹž飬ҹ㺮żȻеõĹȴǾԿµġŮӻ˵ʹò¶ʧɫžûʲôֵڴˣȱĹž飬ֵ
ⲿžΪٲħƺһλħɼԵޱߣطѺħٽ٣ɾͲħңܹ֮ΪԵֲⲿžĻļֵ޷ǣвȱ
ŮӼ˵ʹͫѺԼħÿµħҲֻЩħ˰ԵӲˣȻ֮ٴħֱǱ̬ǽв»ἫĿ£


1712 ˭
˱ΪһȱĹžǵע⣬ȻŮӽž֮ǲ׶Է֮ԽžһеģžǲȱģҲ޷ֵ
ֻǣⲿžƺôģһԵħٲҪȷܹܵ˽֮ѽֱӱƬɢžҲ޼£ⲿžȻʺħԵħ޾٣ٲ𣬳ɾĿħ
ַⲿž֮ͷ΢΢£ٲħѴžôоΪģڲѾܹ֮ôɻʣǿ̫ײٽ٣ܹǿʢ̶ֳȡ
ֻǣ㺮ڽžóΪıˣûеֵͬĹžҪõǵĹžܣַУ⣬ĹžٲħҲǱ¶õģⲻɵЩѡ
ž飬̿ԸСҲѿٶþԼԼԺ󿪱ٸںϷ򹥻ַǳȱٵģһĹžˡ
ٲħ⶯ⲿžƺǳʺǣҪõ֣ȴѣûеȼ֮ţʵڹ㺮̫ˣ΢㺮ž飬ɼʵţֲ̼
ž飬ôȱ֮ʱ²ܶŮʵٲħǲȱģҲҪβȱܷ˳
βȱҲ֪ΪûпⲿžŮ΢Ц˵ʹɫһеͷŮǹ㺮ǿߣ¿ҲĻһУЩžȻĿ
ҿԸλǣⲿžûģȱĲ֣Ӧǹžĺ沿֡ŮӲ˵ʹò˶°ȻаžȻûк沿ּõ˵ʱ»Ҫžģ޷֮ˣֵҲۿۡ
²ҲûٵٲħˣȱĹž飬վҲħ֮ˡ
컯쾭Լ޽ž²ܶȤģ컯أ컯֮ϴͬʱɾ컯֮޽ųŶٶǿʥóͿռѷ޽ļ֮ӹû˻Լٶȿģٶȣսܹ֮ʤսӮҲܹл롣
Ƕ²Ҳףչ㺮ܹó컯쾭žףվҲóӡףһѡ͹㺮еȼ۽׵ĻӴԺӡͲ¼еˣִ£Ϊ¼ҵӡ壬Ҳ޷ġ
ڳλӦöЩžļֵԼܹǵңԸͨҹ㺮ӽ׹ž㺮ӽԵȫҲùžŮӼ΢Ц˵ټŶˣһΪ˽׹žͼ˻ᣬΪյõĹʥ̵棬ң֮Ҫ㺮У㺮׽ֻἱ࣬Ϊ˹žֻΪˣյĽֻΣ˭Ҳ޷Ԥˡ
㺮Ҫõٹž飬Ļʹ֮ˣػôַвǿĵķӦػӦãһΪ֮ǰΪΣΪΣܹƿص㺮ôۿ㺮һλǿķ
ž飬ҶҪΰ죿ڴʱһʹȺɫһ˭Ȼ˴󵨣˵Ҫž顣
ȺĿ⳯ŻͶķͶȥֻԶյУһʵӰݣԵüΪء
ⲻʵڵˣһλǿ߻Ӱеһжģ壬ԷҪݲ֪аӰ֪ǺˣҿڳԣҪž
ǱҪʲôžˡǹ㺮ŮӶԶеӰ΢Ц˵žκһžǹʥĴڣҪõžóʲô
ȥҵϣ־ϢտɵΪ͸նƺΪ˶׽ˣ֣Īϧڲǰᵽ
ŮһâģӰ͸ȥȫ֮⡣
ͬʱĪϧĿҲȻͷųһ֮ɫģӰ˲¶棬ֻʣȴ֮⣬ѵǴõˣ
𣿡ԶģӰٶ³һƮʹȺиǺݺݵĲ£Ȼ˵õ׼ôž飿
컯쾭޽ȱٲħžȻޱȣǶԷĻҲн׵ĿԴڡ
ǣȻŶô
ʥֹĵʿôĪϧе֮ɫɣģӰŶĿģʵΪһž飬
ֻǣǰʱпɿϢⲿžʥַУʥ壬Ѳ˸ϵ
¶СŮӿǺˣνǹ㺮ڵŮӺЦ˵ȻģӰƮյУ·ڲͣҡڣʱܻɢʧ
ӴӦӦӦĻ㴫ž飬ٺ㽻ĻǶͬ⣬¶к塣ģٶȻڣʹͷһԼӵˣǺηʥ


1713 δ
㺮Ů˸ɹŵǳЦ²ͷ¶β֪Ǻˣӵ۽ס
ֻҪ㺮ŹŶ֮Ӧ翵ٶȴʹǹ㺮ڵŮüͷ΢ûг⣬ֺ˵ҡ
˻ǿЦҶѾ˵ֻй㺮ڴӦûг⣬ڳ˶ˣ㺮뽻ֱ˵ǡƮдһƵЦ⣬ʹȺаȣ֪ǺηʥȻҳ㺮ŶĹʥǶԹ㺮η֡
ǿʢޱȣΪҹ㺮᲻뽻סŮƽ˵Ҳδŭ
Ϊ㺮УӵƮʹù㺮ŮɫһΧͫҲ΢£㺮Уӵ
гĬƬ̣ŮӼ΢Цҹ㺮ӵйž٣ӵʲôžԼҲ㾹֪ǿҵ𣿡
ûԾ֪ˡõ³Ʈ֮˻ô˼ԣҪԣ
Ȼڴʱһ֮΢٣ѹڹ㺮ڣºϵȺܹĸܵɿµĵ
пǿ߽٣ȺͫвղſѾеۼǿٹ㺮ȴһλ۱ֱĨɱĴ۾߶գ˿̣֣ңƺӿ¡
䣡֮Уһµķ籩֮Ϲᴩ£Ƿ籩ͬ׵һֱϯ˺ºеĹ㺮֮ڣ̼ˮϣ飬Ƭƽĺˮ·˷ŭµ˳źº
ǿֱӺ㺮ôĵӡȺͷ𺳣漴ֻǺصĹ㺮У֣֮¡һ֮ղǷһ̤˹㺮𣬿ҵͬһħ㣬ǹɿ֮سȥ̤ղ
䣡֮ϣײһʹش󶯣һֲѹᴩգźºӶȥƬˮ·𶼻֮أµ˼¡
ÿµȺ𺳣õӰ˭Ȼ˿µǿڶԸ㺮
о֮ʱһ֮ѹ
ˣһ֮죬Ⱥͷ
ôôʥۼĴڡַޱ𺳣Ŷʥ۳ʥǿߣѾվˣŶҲͼʥԼٸУ硢㺮Ȼ˿̣ʥۼǿڣƺѾּλˡ
һλʥǿͬһõϢס޷͸ݣȻǿݣ˵ֻ֪Ų¿ռ̤ȥʱƲ춼¿յĹ㺮ĹͤڣʼϵըѵֱӾǳŹ㺮
û˽Ųٶ¼̤ȥֲŹ㺮ڳȥȻڴʱ㺮Уһ˫ֲǵµĹ֮ϣʹðгһĹĻ·Ҫеһжҷ
ȺֻһӰĹ㺮̤˳䣬ͷɢңƺȸղǷӸӵķ裬ޱݣʹԶȺһԣ㺮ѵ˲Լ󣿻˵޳ɷˣ
ֵķһ˲ͳ֮ϣ˷µĴսºȺ׷ױֲ˳Ƶú˵ԶǴ˿̶ʼյĿֲսƵ·̺ϵظһ
ˣ
һ٣ʹȺݺݵĳ鴤£ʥۼǿ߽٣Ҫ㺮ô
һйʥ˲롣˴˿һ뷨оͷ𺳣ŶôʥۼĿ´ڣֻһֿܣйʥ룬ֻܲһʥ塣
𣡡ǵڶ߳ķӷһŭ֮ʱȺֻоԼľ־ƺȶһɿҪǵľ־û
ʥȺͷôܣǹ㺮еǿ߱ʥģǺҪｻž
Ȼɿ֮Ҫǵľ־ңǻֻԱ߸ܣɼǷӵĶٺεȿµ֮
ҳҵʥʱһǿ̤ȥĳǿߣ˿͸֮ɫĿǷӡ
ӣһǧˣ㾹šʱһ֮˳ʹͷһ
ҷӣһǧǰʧ
Ⱥ֮ͷ£𺳣ҷһǧǰкܶ˲֪죬Ȼӹ㺮߳
ĳ㺮͡ʱǳǿ߽Ųǰһ̤˵
һǧǰǳҷӣѲˡŮӻ˵ʹóǿͫ£ڿǺö˶˵Ļš
ѲҷѾˣҹ㺮ķӡŮΪǿƣ˿ڹ㺮Уһǿߴкˮ̤˳һϢǿ£ųϽԲǧ·Ҫȥ
ǹ㺮Ľôǳǿ˵Ⱥ֮Уͬвڿգǳǿߡ
ȺһĻһ¶һĨɫ㺮ŮЦ׼ˡ
̸׼ֻ˵ҳ֮˱㺮УǰʵûҿһĻҳ֮Ȼ֡ǿûзϣһһλǿ彵֮УźºеһӰ΢΢˲常
һˣȻǰȻ˿ȴûĻһ
ƺԽԽˡַһԿһĻصĹ㺮ƺʼ¶Ⱥ֮УԭôŶǿߣǽмλʥͬʱ٣޷̽ЩӸܻġ
˹ù㺮¶ַ㿴ԶӰҪˣ֪˭Ȼʥ۳߶ս㺮
ַ㡣ʱһʹַɫ΢£漴¶һĨЦ⣬û뵽ҵʱ򾹻ˡ
ʦþòԭ˺ȻϽʦ
ַ㣬ŶҶ˵ٴ֡Ͻʦ΢Ц˵
֮ˣҲôַʼ磬ʹϽʦЦ漴ָԵһ˵ַ㣬ǰľۡ
ַǰַ㿴һϯ򵥳۵ˣû뵽һλǿߣңһλóۡ
ȻǷ֮ˣҲ˵㲻ٴˡľ۶ַ΢Ц˵Եøƽ׽ˣ˿û֮ϡ
ַЦ£漴Ŀٶǿֲսľǰ֪ôһ£
ľĿ⳯Ǳȥ䣬˵ûв´Ļղ˵Ļû㺮ӵЩˣΪĴڣԲ


1714 й¶Ϣ
ַľ۵Ļɫ΢ô˵ЩˣֻΪĴڣ־޵ǿ󴦣
еˣѵ־壬壿ַ뵽ͫ΢£ȻҲȫһ־ڣͬվħһһƲɢ֮־ʹعһؾ
ô˵ħۿܻڡ
ַ૵ػڣ㲻ģҲþħɣִڵػʣһþĻš
ЩҲ²⵽һЩ㺮ֹܹ㺮Щľ૵Щ壬Щʥ壬ԲǺǵĴڣʮʱĵ̣ɲ⣬˵
Ʈ֮˵ܹôͬʱ֡ľ΢Ц˵ַ΢΢ͷƮӰֻˣԼδȴʥǿ֣߳˵
ʱһŭ֮ǲһλǿߣԭǰһһ˲Ȼڳ˹㺮Ⱥ֮С
ȺһӰͶȥ˺ڷһϯڳۣԵøݷĥƽİ㣬ǿҵ֮С
ǰǲһǿߣʮɾʾ磬֪٣û뵽Ȼ׹㺮ʱ㺮ɻǴݷڡľ۵˵Щϳ˲඼ˡ
㺮ȷʵַаΪŽ壬־ͣɫ޷ܹջģȻƺ͹㺮λһ䲻˵ݣаѾڲϳ㺮
ԽԽǿ֣߳û뵽㺮ʵ˿£Ȼս壬ȻҲˣ㾡ȥս㺮˼ɡ
㺮Ƿó˵ˡʱһ֮Ʈ£Χ
ʱħȺֻо͸Ĥ֮У·־ܵţħħܿơ
ģַֻ֮ͫУطħ죬Ȫˮ֣ع
ͬʱ㺮УһƮҪʲô˵
֮УӰڿգһһס
ػʣͫ΢΢һϯɫŮӣߵ֮ˡҺ쳾֮ʣûȻûб䣬ֻҪ㿴һۣԲס
ģַ㶢ػԵĺӰ趯ɾ䣬һϯ³ۣһģض
ľǰǺΪַԵĶľʵԼΪܿóħ֮ھħַۣ㻹м־η֮ģһضֻΪգǾǳС
ȻΪģַػЩޣȴŮ˵ľػʴˣһ޶
ۼ𡣡ľۻش˵ʹַ΢һƲħۼѹ޷ۿ⣬䱻ΪۣΪǴô򵥣ŶʥĻ𶼺йأΪʥۼߵľ磬粻ᴫʥ塣
ǲмңҪػĿƽˣȺɫ䣬Įк塣
²ô򵥰ɣ򣬼ֻҲɥʧԼһλǿ˵ֻ֮ˣǿԽܣȻ˿ǷѾɥʧԭҡ
ǶһΣ޹أҳŵԺ£ҹ㺮ΡػƽҲ޷ŶΪУһ
ΣҪ㺮ǵĿơǿĮ˵
ǲͬ⣬Ժ͹㺮սػ̬ǿӲ׼ãڹǿ˼⣬Ϊ
Ȼ㺮йžڶ࣬ÿһʥλΪΡƮΨ²ңݶʹͷ΢£Ŀⶢػʣһʥ԰֡
ػʣΪءǿ߶ػʵ
ػɫ˸£漴˵ãһ˶ˣһ֮ˣΪҹ㺮һӦž飬ʥΪһʥΪӦλ飬ǱΨпսˡ
Ȼػ˵ҳұˡǿ߻˵ʹ˰ϼһҵķѾʥۼˣζٵһʥȻͬ⣬ϾҪջسҷӣ֪ǸܣҲûʵ
һҡػƽ˵
˱лػˣʥǷҳѡǳǿ߻ڡ
Ѿ˵ˣʥһңһʥҾһǹʥ𡣡ػóѡԷҪõĹž飬ңҲܽеĹž͸¶ȥ
ǿ߳Ƭ̣漴΢΢ͷãˣǡ
˵գǿӰ뿪˵أʹǿɫÿûڹ㺮ģ޷˻ˡ
㺮ټЭˡ
֮Ҳͬػʵ飬岻ǰõһǿĹž飬Ҳ
Щ˶͹㺮˺ֻΪեȡ棬Թ㺮ĿݣҪõٲħѡַа㺮ʵ̫ˣһССʣȥᡣ
Ŀתַ㿴в֮ˣɵ૵ħǰҾټǰһɣϧǿħȴ޷ɻʣĻٵٲħȻܹɾħ


1715 ף
ħľͫ΢΢£Ŀ⿴ַ㣬зâ˸ַ㾹оħ
ַ㣬ħۣľ𺳣ħŶΪսǿᣬƿصǿ֮һľħܲɷֵϵ
ѵƭǰɡַ΢Ц˵ʱԲԶ嵱Ŀַ⳯㿴˸
㺮һžٲħǿֲħϧֻǲȱַӵǿ֮һľħַ˵ǰ㣬ٲħ޾ħʺϲˣħ޵Ļħ򲻻ְԵЧ
صħǿ趼ȻĶ쾭ǿޱȣħħһܷӵĹЧֲɡ
ֶַʱ¶һĨЦ⣬ַԵúǿ
ǰкַָ̣㿴΢ЦĲ裬ɵúЦӦһ
ֶֶַ̫ҲҲסһʱգһ常ɡ΢ЦʹַаģӦҲǸǧϹɣ常ХͲ˼
ǰ¾˵ǡַɺЦ
֪ħʧٶֱ꣬㺮ֲ֣ӦΪԵʣֶַ֪˾ħۣΪίʵַȻʵʲôַ㣬оħ
ǰ㿴ַ֪΢Ц£漴ͫ׶ȻޱȺ͸ħ֮ԵϢȪˮ֮Ժ֮Уͬʱһģӡ˫ͫ
Ǿħͫ΢΢£ͷ𺳣츳ףȴƿؾ
ֶַƿؾϧδܳɻʣʵڿϧҲмž飬ҲǳԸֶַΪãܷʹֶַлͻʾ硣軺˵ַǴǳǳЦݣľԼϽʦ¶ζɫϺҪֱ˵ǣ˵˹ûʡ
ַ΢΢ҡͷڣħһֱ񣬼Ҳͻʾģֻǿħһϣǹ㺮еٲħǲϧ޷õħǰڣԸþħףҲܡ
ַ˵̾Ϣһȴ˸ŷâַһﾹĨ˶ԶԷĻ֪ȻˣҲٹ䣬ֱԵҲõٲħֶַԸ
˵֮ʱŲţϺЦȻڴ˿ַֻ̣оһϢѹ٣ֲĲֱӽס
ľüͷ΢壬漴Ǵӡշѹȥʹӡ
ô˵Ҳǲ֮Ǻ⣿ַɫȻѿԴۼǿߣûзͻأ併ٵѹȣܹ˵ģѶ޷ѵˣĲ̫޿ֲ
һ۶ľۣһ޵ĺâ漴Ųһַֻ̤оѪҡһ޷ܵϣʹƺһɫ΢Щ԰ס
ֶĪֻ֣ǿֶΣǷлʾɺЦֶδشҵʻء
ǰõħַȻԸ⽻ġַ͸һɱ֮⣬ΣЦԼôĴڣ²ֱӽðɡ
ǺãҾܷõٲħ軺˵漴ӶǱߵĲǿ̤ȥ˿ѾǱѾв˴ЭַΪźȻսˡ
ҲȷΣ˫㺮ŶΪУЩҲ涯ػʣԣһ
Ӱ뿪ŲǿǱȥַĿĮɨ˲ıӰ
ַ㣬ҪСĲ裬õٲħҲ׺㽻ģֶ˵Ȼ籣ȻЩʥʲô¶ģֻҪ㹻󡣡ľۻڣĻַ΢΢ͷǲ彻ٲħһľħȻַ뵽ԺȻС£˵ԼӵоħĿıΪٲħ
ػʡȻʱԶǲĴǿ߶ػʿˣԣȻղߵ֪
к£ػĿ⿴ǿߣʵ
ҶٲħȤԲ쾭ףΣֱ˵ʹַһ֮ɫĴǿߵǼΪϣڵõϢֱӾҪнס
ԵΪ죬ǿΪΣȻͻȻҪײ쾭Ϊ˵õһȱħ
ôػʿŲǿߵ
ԣڣǶˣֱӽнסܻ˵
áػʵͷ漴һ̤˶ǼĹ˵ױ㽻ס
ü֮â˸˿ʼ׹žǵ֮УӴļ䣬¹ž顣
ûйãϣЦˣҲҲøˡ
˵գĽŲ΢΢̤Ȼȴδֱ뿪ǳַ̤ȥһĻʹַͫ΢΢Ҳû뵽ԷôٶȣҪħˡ
ֶַҲһΣǲǿߺЦ˵ͫȴ˿˿Į
ҽջЩ飬ǰɡַ΢Ц˵
αҪȵգȻֶַҪҲףȻֶһ˰ɡ˵գһֲֻĲӡֱַϣַοסʹַ㶯á
ס֡ĪϧһаŲһ̤˳ֱһö
ͣ¡ǿ߶žĪϧԼаȵаֶԼڤӿʱҲ͡
ħǰʱַ㶸Ȼ俪ڣžħۺһʹþħɫ˸ַߡ
ǰСõһЩ񿴵ǰã׼ǰַ΢Ц˵Ȼȴ޷


1716 ħ
ħۺػһ뽫ĿͶַ㣬Ƕԣַ˼Ϊ⣬ΪǶҶĵˣңõħ۴оػʶԣӦַΪĺͶҶӰ죬ȴһֱûԶɱַ㣬ֻһδʱ˽ɱַ㣬ԼΪĳɾʱʹɱַһء
ȻַȴƺӲʵĺܣδɱûҪ
ħۿ˵ַ㻺ǰ۹ѰãȻǰΪҪһͻǰ߰ɡ
ߡǿһô鷳óֱӸħ۱ǡ
Ҳáַ΢΢ͷħǰǰ۹õһ֧ħ֪ǰԴӡ󡣡
øթļһǲǿЦʱ䣿ô
ħۡһֱֲ쳹ַԺ֮Уʹ־ݺݵ£·궼ڲִܼǿ־̫£һͷɱ־շ
ħԼŰɡħƽ˵ҶԣҲû̫ô
ȻˣˡǿһʱЯַȥһ̤·ղ£ӰѾ֮⣬ٶȿµ˼¡
֮Ӱ˸׷׸ϣ뿪ߣĪϧͫ΢ԺգڲǿǰԵûз
֮УǿĿ⿴ַ㣬ַ㣬ħҡ
ǰǽҲýõħݸҰɡַԼƽǿٳǲҪģǰưոݣûкôװҪԷȴǸҵġ
ڣħȻ䣬ǲǿ߱һַֻоһ־ͬ㣬Ժ֮У˿̵ַоԼޱС·ΪУҪΨǴӣ׳Ƴ
ÿֲľ־ͬһҾͬϣƬ죬졣ַ㾫־ҵţϢ֮Уѹ־ħ۵һܾ춯أûǿ߱۵ǿᡣ
ħһ־ȣַֻо񶯵·ҪһҪӶԷĻħ
áַ³һǻ˿˿ѪԷǲ־˳ַԺʱַֻо־ޱ泩ղǹɲ־ѹ̫ˡ
ֶβңֿԡǿߵ˵ַ֣ͫȴ΢Цϣħǰ֮ǰܴħ
Ȼɡǿƽ˵ʱַħԾĹķʽħħһֱ֮Уң־ħҪӳֲǿޱȵľ־һĶؾԺֱӶ־ʹħ
ַ֮ԷԺ֮УȻַȴŻ˽ȣʹݵ÷ǳǿЦɹǰУַ㼴ʱ䣬ôѵһĲɡ
ǿߵٶȿֲûйʱ䣬Ǳص˲壬ʱֻǴǿüͷ΢΢ţɫȻΪЩѿ
ٶȡǿһַ㾹ûнľĴݹ
ߡַߣֹͣݣʹòǿַͫ㡣
дǰǰǷҲôħˡַĮڣϿ֮أһӰȻߣôԼſڻ
ǿɫĮŲһ̤Яַ㽵ӰǰǺ⣿
ֻ¿֮أһ޴ĹȻǹ⥣һֻ޴Ľ·һȺǿߣ·ֻҪ˫ż̤£ͻֱշѹɱһȺˡ
֪ͨң˵ַ㣬һûǺء˵漴Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ʵַ㣬ңһ£
Ҳûʲô£ǰҪħ𾭺ҽħֻҾħѾҪݸǰˣϣǰҲܴħַ㵭˵ʹ΢Ц£ԭˣȻҲħݸַǡ
ǿɫĮ˸
ħһħǲĻҲκãǰ뽻ĻַҲûʲôֻǸеΪϧ޷ħͼͻʾˡַǿɫ˸Բ쾭׶ħȻҪõħʹǲʵһΣ󻯣ȻףȻȴԸַõħļƣַ㣬ħòˡ
õħΡǿЦȻ㲻ϷұȽħպˡ
Ȼ䣬һַԺ֮Уȵʹַ·Ҫ֧飬ɵĮǿߣ̫Էʵǿ̫ˣ޷ᲢֻۣħҪõģŲ˱ʺħħ˲ϧԾħ֮ħʱ˲ɡ
䣡ַֻоԴҪѣȼԴͻȻըʹַͣƬ̣ŽĻ͹һȷԣûбԷнض
ػʴݸҵǶΪȱģӦøܵõڣľħøˡǿĮ˵Сǲȷħǲô׽ħģҲüˣթˡ
ǰպˡַ΢Ц˵һݷǳ죬ַûʲôħħ˫Ϊ˶Է˲쾭ȥǹ˾ħõħħ⽻ײ˳ɡ


1717 𾪹Ŷ
֮Լ⥴ַ뿪ʧ˲֮ء
˴ַػع㺮֮أ·;б˳ŲľĪϧԼǣַͣ½Ų˵ǰǻɣҲ涯ңֻΪϵħѡ
Ҳûǵ˻˵漴͹һ뿪
ַŸľĪϧа΢Ц£漴̤ǰĪϧʥݶʲô𣿡
ʵΪʥˣû뵽㣬һϲɡĪϧЦ˵ڴȷʵס
ַ㣬ҵҵУţԺʱĪϧݸַһöַ㲻ڴ磬Լǿļרõ򣬼ֵƣܹ֮ͨ޷õֻЩĵϵŻӵС
ɱľַϵ򷽱ˣǽ֮Уַǳ˵ĪϧıܹӦõӶͨǷһظַ㣬ľַϵַַֻ֣֮ͨԻֻܴһΡ
Ŀռ̫ȹ̣С㣬ǿܹӵиֲ˺ռ䣬͸֮Уڴ磬ǿ߾޷ˡ
Ķַ΢Ц£漴аҲһаɣҲܹԶ뽻
áа΢΢ͷ׷׽һ֮ھĪϧַУ漴ַҲԼһ˽ȥ
Ҳһȥַ㣬ʲôµĻҡľҲˣַ΢Ц˵
Ȼˣлǰˡַ㽫ݸľһλۼǿԸǸӣЩͬͬ壬ЩΪƫǲܵõǿģЩϹûôй
ַ㣬ʱǿϽ۴ʦ΢Ц˵ַͷӦһһġ
ãǾȸˡľ˵һ漴һϽʦһ뿪
аĪϧҵΣַžĪϧԼа
ˣпɲһǰģҸûʥˡĪϧҡҡͷַ㣬֮ʮ֮ǣʥĵ֮һŶǿټмֲʥԺڣ֮صİ˷
ѧԺַΪ죬绹ѧԺûм
ԣѧԺɲѩ¹νѩʥԺھ½ֻгǿŸҳѧԺģֻ֮ǲѧԺڣÿһѧԺŵҡʵŶҲв˹ѧԺ޵ģʡߴۡ
˵ûҲ׼ȥʥһġа϶˾ĪϧĻ½ʮǣֻʥݵǲѧԺڣһܹжѧԺĸ߹
Ϊѧַ΢¶һĨЦݣȻĵطһ
ȻĪϧ΢ЦһǴ磬½֮أʱ⣬ӱԵ֮ߵʥݣա
ȹһʱգһȥַ΢Ц˵õħΪûȫȶҪʱúôһʱˡ
ãˣʱҡĪϧ΢Ц˵ȻԺ׶ˣãã޷ҵ
˳ЩȥȡַͷЦȡһЩԪҾƵݸĪϧŵ㣬Īϧݺݵһڣ·ֻص˴ǰʱ⣬ôܰȻʱţδڹʲô
ϧֻˣԺʱ䣬һؼһˡĪϧˬ˵һ漴תȥԣò
ڤǿȻҲĪϧȥаַ㣬΢ЦҲˣʱҡ
˵գаӰƮͬ뿪˴˵أַ㿴ŶȥӰַЦ£ǻɡ
˵ͷһ㺮ķ粨ΪƽĻƺֻոտʼ
ڶգ㺮ûΥԼž˳ҡȹʥ壬Ե÷ƽ˾
죬㺮ֽžȥЩǹʥĹ壬ƽ
ȻΪһжʱ򣬵죬㺮ʥۼķӣ̤壬أأҷӵž޼ɵͷţǿߵľ־ܶ޷ӵһλʥ۽ɱʱʱ䣬壬ŶȻмλĵۼǿƾֲĲΧ޽λʥûнɱˡ
Ϣûдֻ巽Բǧ֮ص֪屻뿪̤ǰ˵ڶ壬һѣ
գϢɢ֮ʱŶоһʱ䣬屻ֻ˼ٵԼڹеˣˣҪô־ҪôɱЩ壬ǲ˵в㺮žļҹ㺮Ҳȷʵžû뵽ڵڶ⵽֮֡
Ŷ˶ػʵֶԣһλŮӵеô뵽ػΪոǿžڹ㺮У˱ҲȻǾŮˣǸŮˣӡ
ǹʥˣΪػʵֶһǿ岢̫ˣػǲᶯǹʥġ
廯ΪʷƣʵŶãµıǨվƽϢµҲڿʼѿǿ
Ŷԣһʱƺܶݣⶼǿߣʱ䣬ȷʵȽ϶̣ʱŶҲ˲飬磬岻˿ʼħϲ쾭ǿޱߣȽԵıһǿ߲ХڹŶйλԻ͵ս
ȻХĹâܿͱһڸǵĴڣҡ
ͻλˣһʱ䣬λʣ̤λʣһϢʹùŶ˶ԣʲôٶȣ
һҶԳʲô
쾭Լʥͬޣܹͻƾ磿
û֪ԭȻ壬Ѿ忴ˣٶȣֱδţЩһǿ߶ˣ


1718 Ϊ
ʱ磬֮ϣַȳ˯У·ȴһУΨΡ
ȻΣԼ졣
ξ֮еַԼ棬˿վһƬǳصϿ֮أͫ䣬֮֮һâƣ·Ǻɫ׵һſµĻϢǧ˿ƣַ
Ȼ䣬ַڵħâֻ֮ϣħƷݣħ֮
١ַϺ۹漴ֻŭХֲƻ۳ɿֲħ٣ͬûһеķ籩㣬¡һ죬ɱ¡
ħַ֮ϣ·һħ֮ҫַһħڣ۶ֱͬȻͬħȴȻ·һħ
ˬַ³һ֮еħٶ۶ɣȴûַа㲨
һѾַγħ֮ˣ֣СֻǳΣȻܹ֮ħͻƣħ١
ַ㰵пѹְ˻ľڵСܻ˵ΪСܹŲȹ̣磬ܻͬӵӵеһС
ξħ֮Ѿ޷ҡַǿ壬ֻеһεʱܵ˲ȻĽپԲĵ͵ȡ
һǵ֮ٶȴ£ÿһνٽоŴħ٣ٲħΪٶٶ¡
Ŵ׽ٽ֮зĽ֮ɢַ˫ڵͫһĨЦ⣬Ŀ⳯¿յĳǳؿǣȻݳΪԭͶĳǳأΨȱٵǷ鶯Ϊûڡ
磬壬Զ˸ַںľʯ֮ϣɵһԣһﵽڸʲô˯ǣһ˯ʱУַ㻹ϼһȥܹŭѾַ֪ÿȥһŭζƿһϵ
ʱַȻں߿Լɵ¶һĨǳǳЦ⣬
˵գַ˸ߡ
һ˯ĸʱ䣬ַ㣬˯ʹַʼ磬溬Ц⣬˯ķɣԶеƣܹһֱֳľȫͶУٶϸ洦ˣֶΪ
淢ʲô𣿡ַһÿѹ󣬶̽Ҳи˽⡣
У̤λ֮￪˵Ļʹַͫ΢΢£¶һĨ𾪵ɫô죿
һʱ䣬̫ˣҪ֪úüʾ˵ʱϵȷҪЩʱ䣬ԽԽѣٶȸϳ
ԣô죬·˰㣬۷嵽ʶԶֹһʱ⣬Щϳв˸ֲ²⡣ͷ˵飬Ŷ˷ǳķ졣
ʲô²⣿ַʵ
ʥ־ι־֮ʥܣʹΪǿλ֮һֱȽŷĲ²⣬һֱǣʣܿһϡٵǿʡ
ﻺ˵漴ַһַ㣬ΪֿԸ󡣡
ʲôԭ֮һʱУͻƵλʡַ૵ʹɫ΢£漴ͷַ˵ûдαҪȥ²ֿأһʱһ󾳽磬֪㣬㹻ˣαȥʲô
ȥ𣿡ַʵȻҲ̤֮ڰǰͻƵģû뵽ֱӽ˦ˡ
뷨ַͷĿԶһʱ䡭ʲôٶȣľŽٲֻǵ٣ΨоŽٽžŹһħͻƣȻкܳһʱ䡣
һЦ漴Ų׷̤뿪壬ȥȻڴʱӰȴʹַĽŲͣ
￴ǰԼüͷ΢΢£ַǵĵк£
սһΣϴһκαֻǱֶսһΡɫַ㣬˵һս֮ڿһʱ³߶ȹ̾硢Լǿ֮ͨ
һΣһַ㡣
ϴսѾйԼˣ˴һ㣬ǻһΣûַֹĮ˵
ٻңӴԺҶΨǴӣ׷㣬ܣ磬Զ̤㡣ڵ֮ͫŻ֮⣬ʹԵĿ΢һúݣսַܶΨǴӣ
ַڵĻҲһʣһԼݣսܣӴ׷սʤַȥԶ硣
ΪͣҲַа漴ڣҴӦս
䣡һɿµ̫֮ⱬըޱߣ·ؿռ䶼Ҫȼ
⡵Ӱ˿ӰҲͬϵ˸Զ㹻սռ䡣
һ̫ڱ֣ݺأͷ̫ܹ˵۾Ϲ
䣡Ȼ䣬ǿַ̫ϣʹַȼ棬ֲַ̫֮ȼգշž죬Ȼַ嶯δֻƽվǣԡ̫֮С
ǿˡڶַͷ𺳣ַһҲǸ̥һ࣬塣
ˣֲ쫷綸Ȼţռ·𳹵ȼ棬ַֻоһɿֲ漴һ̫նɱֲ֮Ļ浶·ܽռնϣƬռƶû˰㣬棬նַ㡣
ƣֲЯħ֮ȭɱշѹһУ֮ȭâ֮У͵ײըѡ
նڶȻַϿ֮أ浶ǵأضڱס¿նܽƬжϡ
ַ֮ͨͫ΢£漴ͫױڱ䣬ȻսһΣǱĳ
٣ַ㶸Ȼ䱬һʱ޾֮ţ֮ݣͬǧٴ¿ϣַ㱻֮ƣ̺ħ


1719 ͻ
ħ֮ʲôɫĺâһַ̫ͫ״ɱȥ
ֲ̫̺֮֮־ַֻо۾һʹ·ҪϹȻͫǣ־Яɱǧ֮кƶӵпֲ˫̫ͫ׵С
̫֮ٶ־սޱߣ־ײΣգ־Ļ
̫ڣ̺һ̫־ǿޱȣַ־֮£ѱˣ־еɲϰˣڳХһʱַĻ浶汬ѣһֲַֿ̫УһɿµıըӶ·̫Ҫѡ
һҪַƴɡĿⶢǿֲıըڵսֱ񱩵ķʽţǻԵսܹݿһС
֮þַһʱħ֮·þ֮ڣӰԵͣԽþһУ̫ըѣ޾ɱڣʹͫ׸䣬Ĺ޷սʤַ㣬ĹȻӵĿͰԵ̫֮С
ſ죬³һ̫ì̫֮ⱬѣʹ˵۾̫ìЯַȥ
Žٽɱַŭһŵ֮þűֲһ̺ɱЮŷ֮ʹǵٶȿ쵽˼飬ѶԵײ˲ţ̫ìȻŽٽɻʣ͸գɱڶȥ
顣⡱һ˿̲þ֮ѽڵǰֲ³Ѫ̫ìûսʤַ㣬ˣʹ˿ϢǰĽٽܹĸ̺ܵĿֲѹв
ΡַĿⶢڣͫױ䣬ħͬһħ㡣
ʤˣһѭҵĳŵ׷泼㣬ǽǿʱһҳԽ㣬һֻҵĳŵ˵ʹַ¶һĨЦ㲻лġ
˵գ΢ʱٽɢڿգȴǡ
ʱַҲ̫̾츳ȷʵǿᣬֻͨĻʿֲᱻշ飬λλ֮䣬Ҳ֮ͬλʣǼ޿Խĺ蹵λûϸֵȼȻҲֳܷŵȵģȹŽе٣൱ڸո̤λʵڽ׶ΣΪİԵԼͨǿᣬͨλʼ۷Ҳ֣߾ޡ
̤ԶֽٶȣԽǳ֮¡ͫױǿҵĺսἤԶ׷֮·ϴˢַܸĳ裬ַ㣬
ҵšַ㵭һЦ漴Ųһ̤ڵҳȥ߰ɡ
һ񺮹⣬漴΢ΣַǳȴֻǶݵģ޲
Ŷ֮УһʱλλʵĴɱ飬ʱиǿǰȥҰݻᣬ˵ǰݻᣬʵҲֻȥαһأҲ߲ܣΪɡ
Щǰҵˣһ˾Ӷ࣬ϾǺͬģȻҲвʽ٣Ҫĳλж֮ЩʱգԵø֣ͥУһƬʢ
ַڹŶ߶ЩϢʱҲǰҿͷͬ˳ųҷǰУ֪ĳսжˣȽϵ͵ܹ֪ʵս̫ʥһλǿߴսܶԷҲ˲˱ַ˲ɱһɻʵ
һĽգﴫλʾ磬ʹûٻɳյս͵ĳһԼʵģΪʥԵʣע̫ǿưԵ⵽Ĳ¼ɣ˭֪һ̹֮˾־
ңУַ˵֮ʱҵҲӭӣ߲ܣΪ͡
˳ųҸ֮ۡһֺ֮⣬ڴѾգӭӱͣһֱδЪ
֮ˡȺڵ˵ɵһĨɫ
û뵽һҲԳָȤһ˶ų΢Ц˵վַ΢Ц£λҳң⡣
ؿַ΢Цŵͷɺǰһƽޱȣ˫䣬û֪ʲôҲδ־֮⣬Եø
ȻҪȲХҪ࣬ӦҲ˲£ڹŶδ˵սһһֱҲ˵ַаˣԿ͸ٵ־һʱλλʾ磬ȴûаָ֮߰УڹŶĹ֮УХϡڵϣָ߰ӡ²ܻҲһЩϿ
ַ㿪ڻػڳĿͶַˣλλߵַ꣬ңȻַΪģһĻȷʵ˷ѽ⡣
̫ڣ߰ޱȣѱģ˿̾ҲֻǸַŮôߵĵλַɲ⣬Ůôо̫ˡ
һʱˣ֮ͣδܳɻʣͳȡǺǣʱһ˵Ц˵ʱĿ⳯Ͷȥֻһλ΢΢ƣлһĨɫȻڳ˭һʱˣ̤λʾ磬ַ㣬δܳɻʡ
Ȼδܳɻʵַ㣬ĵλȴƺЩ֡
֮ˣ⡵Ŀ⿴ǼˣһĨмɫǿַ㣬ֱ޳ܣܲˬ
ɻʣԵøϣɻʶֻǣɻǲÿζҪǿ⡺ķ˵ַϾݣ棬ܱЩ
ҲǰǼŭ
Ƕѵ˵һȺ֮ҲֻҸЩ飬еȥսܣǹԣһ⡵ͫԴǰԵĸ
һӰվòΪ㣬۾ʵЩΪԺ̤֮Ѿж꣬Ϊȹޱȣʵǿλʷ־磬ѾǺ֮ˡ


1720 ǿɱ¾
ҵһֱʶһ£֮ˣսʡ³һֻ֮λƮ𣬳۹ԺЩһֱչأغŶ㺮ƣһ֮ٻλҪЩһʸ̨ɾҡ
ڴ˲ԺһֱΪˬǲХһɻѾãȹΪ֮أȻ˷ǣŶѾЩˣȡֻ֮ӡ塢гԼĹӵַ֮㶼ԺգûЩһϯ֮ء
˿̲Ժַ㣬Ȼͬеһ֮ˣΪʣ˵ɱλʣƾ̵ǿλʶɱϵ֮Я󱲶ֶޱȣҪַ㵽ֶǿᡣ
ԺĻ⡵˷׷˼⡿ĿַڵսһսһսֲڵĹν󣬵ûַܹ㣬ܵĺܸɴ࣬˼ȻҪսǿַ㣬ǱʲôѰ·
Ժֱַ㣬ʱһɲַЮס취ѹַԺһŭһֲֻĲӡַסַ㸺ֶһδʹòԺЦϵ֮ڡ
˵գֲЮַʹַڿգС
ɱԺַһδɸֶ͸ǿɱʱӡ͵ıѿҪַշ飬Ȼַֻϸһħӡ֮ʱɫɫû飬ʹòԺͫ΢΢¡
˫ϵ֮ħʹأǿᡣԺɫһ漴մ󶯣޾ͻۣղȻһӡ۳Σַɱȥ¡¡ֲؿңַϵױȻʣɱ֮ϣȴֻ΢΢˰벽üͷ΢΢һͫףڣͫУɱ⡣
ڵͫ׶ŲԺǴһĨЦȶֵġ
˵գַϹЮſֲķ籩ͬӹգŲԺŭХȥԺɫһַƾĹȻ޷ⲻɵеһѵĸ˳ʷ̨ˣһЩһ
𣡡Ժܵһɿֲħѹʱŭһв춯Ҳݣѹ۳ϲƣַɱȥͬһָɽǿޱߡ
ˣħٽ٣ӡѷ飬ΪΣַϹЮſֲ֮ٲԺߣԺӰͺˣȻȴַһضʹ΢΢һֻоɽͬʱڵĽ֮ʹòԺٲҶҡɳϢıŰħܹ׻
¡һֲϢŶֻ¿ŵĲ֮ͬʱվڿգĿַ㣬һ˱ȵʤѷ֣ſ
ʤַǴһĨĮķ֮⣺ҵʱ򣬿ȫ֣ɱ¶ʤ
˵գַŲһ̤һڲԺϵĽ֮ȻըѿȺĸܵһɲþ֮þڵħ֮ڲԺӹ̼䣬ʬ޴棬ɢ
ʤʲôʤѷ֣ܲѾܾˡ
һΣɱϣ˾˵ɱɱ۾գȺһĻͷȻԺղӦǿ޻ȥˣû뵽ճ߶ӭ֣֮עҪʱ̭
ɱ˶ַ㣬ɱַ֮㣬˵棬ɱǿߣֱĿһУ塣
ַֻȻתЩ֮ˣɱεķͷţգʹΧȺܹĸܵɺ䳹ǵϢ
Ⱥͫ΢΢£ַϵĺɱ⣬ɵͷȻһҪʲôɱ֮ˣ
˸оΪԣҪɱǵϢ
ˣַŲ̤ղЩǿͷݺݵ£ɫѿַֹǸɱХҲҪɱԵޱȡ
ȺһȻ뵽ղǾ仰ĺ壬ȶֵģܶѵܷ
ղХҲˣ㺮ػʳֵһգǿǰѹȴм˲塮ܶϵģСҲѵ˲ɡ
˲ٶȣַȴз֮Ϳռ䷨ӳ֣ԷٶܹᲢۣӹַѾһǰֲ̺ħһȭɱ˲ִٵֿȻֲַԼħͬʱ֮ʱһеĵֵΪӰٽ屻ñѡ
ɱ⼸ɫѿޱȣͬʱɱַ㣬һĿֲַϣһЯֱ֮ӽȭͷַԴ
ַ֮磬ʱֻоһɿֲѹϣͻȻĽ٣ʹ³ȥֲĹַֻܺؿڣȻַ˫ط۶ɵķ׺εȼַ̣֮ǿᶼƿģǿĹַ嶼ҡˡ
ַǾʮνѵշѹ֮һǰǿ࣬㲻˫طףԷҲһƿˡ
˹ȻѹֻСһԷ˵ַ֮ȭɱǹһֱӱ䱬Դһȭһɱ
ñ̬˫طҲÿ¡ַ㶢ַ㣬һﵽǸʲô䲻ܳɻʣƺҪ޵ǿ֮λʶѾǿշѹɱˡ
䡢䣡촫ձѣӰըѻʬ޴棬ҪӣȴӰͬ磬ǿ̫ɱ̺֮ͬͬշѹɱ֮ˣܿ죬ڳʣøɸɾһʣʹȺͷɱ湻ģǿշѹɱһ


1721 ʵ
ԺѰ·Ҳˣ˲ͬ飬ǿɱĲĿùַڹ㺮ҹµɱ˿Ǹ۲۵ķħ֮ˣɱϣɱ֮֮ûа顣
ڲԺվһʵЩַ֤ɱ¾˾֪ԺһˣչһЩΪΪĲԺ֪Щַ䲻ɻʣϵɻʣХ伸ַ㣬ȴҺַ潻档
ХҲյĲХܱȣһʱХղػʽõٲħħ쾭ศɣǿƶȹħ٣йλֺսַĻҲХսһ
ʵȻǷгһյٻλȻ쾪ʯơﺬЦ˵Ҳû⼸λ֮˵ԸַսģΪˣҲûȥ棬Գвأ
ȣ΢ַһٻλΪʣֻ֮УԺλλʣһ
ǫˡһλ΢΢һЦַʾڵǰʱգа㺮һ뿪Ŷƺǰʥݣа⣬ͬΪĶ²Ҳȥպʹѷ׷뿪ŶΪڱչأ֮λʣûܼչˣЩź
ŶַΪ⣬аȻǰʥˣתһҲȻаΪĴŶһ֮ȻҪǰӷʢǿ֮أϾʥ½ʮ֮ĵ֮һȻŶΪʣ½İ˷
֣Ͳǿ߽ٲħԼħ񣬲岻ٺ֮˿ʼͬħХѾξħ٣üΪǿᣬħ֮ʵǿ󣬶ҿƺҲħ֪˼ħѡ
ǲЦַʵ֪ٲħģкףƺûпַڹŶгħȷȷʵʵѾܹý֮ˣѵΪַ޷ɻʵԵʣħٽ
޶ۣܶħѡַ㺬Ц˵ħȫԼȣ֮˸ö֪Ҳö͸¶ʲô
˵ЦˣҿХħСɣ޷һսģղַĨɱ˲ļλǿߡǳҵƺַʵǳ棬ַʼһصĹ⻷ַͬǿһǿַ㣬γǿһ޷ɻʵˣȴӵ𺳼ս
˵δ̫ϣСҲ塣ʱһйӰԶĳ̤͸һɷޱȣЩȺ֮УһǸղűַɱһֳŵܵ飬ʹХһҰݷõ֪һĲ֮˿˲⣬ʵȻˣǣȻַɱ
ХҲһȺ֮У˫оһħ纮㣬ɱĿεĳַɱȥ
ַתĿ⣬ŵȺֻоһɹɱ֮ӭ
ɱҲ֮ˣܺáһλλǿɫ䣬漴Ŀֿ˳Լղ˵ĳ꣬Į˵ҲͶڳұȫɱ֮ˣڴ˵֮δ̫޵
ֵҲеǸȻȷʵַȣǳֶԸַʱҲδ֣ǺַսҳΪҲø°ɣǶֵַʱҳֹ»˵ַ̻ɣ
ǳ겻ƽ˵ͬΪʥ壬ȻûճʱôҫĿҲΪʥĲܹѹġ
ں̸ǿֻǳҵĿѣ֮˵ǳƽ˵ңɵò֮ǿơ
ҳ̤λ֮磬ȷ׿ԽȻʹó˽ôＴ̤λʣҲֻǸλʶѣ·ءǲǿԵΪŭ֮ڳұȫĨɱԷȻ˵ܲŭ֮˶͸ŭ⡣
Ŀƽ˵ǿͣλºһҵľ磬ԼҲµ
͵ȴƺȼŽѪ̤λƺˡλǿһ̤徹ڿգϿ֮أӳ콾Ѿã̤λʣҲĳļʶһ
ɫ΢ǿ߾ȻƳҪ֮Ⱥɵ÷׷׽ĿͶ֪δ
˻ƽͷ˱֮ƣ漴建վһϯ³ԣĿеĲǿߣƽ˵ȷҪս
ѵΪЦɡеĲǿ˵ǿˡ
΢΢ͷĿɿŶԷȻ䣬ͫųֲâ־ͬޱȵĺˮްͻأ䱬ֱԷԺ
ɱ¾¾ѪޱµĿֲ־ͬŭڿŭХȻȫԷԺ֮УǲǿУֻʱΧƿֲâ־ŶΧһȫշѹ飬ߵ˶׷ױ˿־ܽһж
ˣһ̤գӿµ־еĲǿ߷·һ˲ս־ţ·ƬĿ˳֮Уһҳ·
ɱﶸȻŭһȭâƿɱȥԷѾ־ս֮һȭ䵽ԷֱʹöԷձѣɢΨпҵ־Լ͵ķŰš
û̶Է֮־ֻǴĻɱ
־ÿµ־֮սȺһĻͷ𺳣ǳһǰ˿µսַԵڼҲˣǹɻޱȵĿ־ֵܽ־ֱѹݻٵַһο־սղŵĳһֲĺޡ
ʥ̹Ż־ȻҪ˶λǿ־ڴ˿һ˲䱬λŻʵ־ͬʱţֱӽѹ޵ֿаֿµ־սʥĳһġ
һɫǣɫѿĵսȴǿƺɱﱬսδ̫Щǲ嵽֮ܵС


1722 ǿ
ɫģĿЩ֮ˣĮ˵ҪսҿԷ㡣
֮˳Ĭԣɫһλλǿߣֱӱ־̤λʾ֮ʵ̫ˣ֮ͬˣһ
ʥֻһЩû־Ĺл־ң߲ΪӣﵽûǿʢʡȺа˵֮ˣ˸ս
ַ㣬ʱХһȣͬϲħ֮ѹֲ·ҪһС
ַĿ΢΢̧𣬿֮ˣ¶һĨЦݣЩ˱裬ΪҪŭת޵ϣ
λڿնվ֮ϣԣӶȺ˭Ҫս
Хһ̤֮ѹַ壬֮޴ڣͬʱХħҫɫ֮â͸Ϣ
˵һɱ㡣Х˵漴һ̤ŭʱӡ֮з·ڵĽֲ̺֮Ļ
ֹžڹַ㿴ɱħٲƣɫ͸һĨЦŲһ̤ħȭɱ͸ſֲ֮ձѣϢңӡħȭձѣַϹŷͿռķħʹط֮ףԵݡ
ʮ֮ǳɾͶϵս̫ˡȺ˿ַϹŵķаһͿռ䷨Ϊӳٶȡغħ֮Ϊַǿóȷù֮ٶȡһϣǶϵɻʵľ޴ơ
ֻǿϧܳɻʣ޷طַ֮һӵĿ¡
Хַͬħ֮ʱɫ䣬Ͽֲŭ˫Ʒӡӡɱʱһֲ֮ɱַ㣬֮ӡֲ̺
ӡħֲ֮ʱƬնŴݻһеѹ
ַ㱻סǰһӡǰɱȻȴ̼䱻˺ѳɷ飬Ĵط۶ɵӡͲӡвС࣬οԷĹ˽֮
ХĽ֮ûħķȴԵЩ
ˣַٶȶȻӿֱӳǰг˳ȥ磬¡һµı촫Ⱥкݺݵˣַ㣬Ȼֱӳֿ¹
ȻǰӡȴַӲĳˣȻַϵҲ÷飬𶯣ʹ嶼£ȻַվֱסµĹ
ַЩӡһʹÿռ䶯ݣȻʱȺȴھַ֮̾ǿᣬֹλϣҲҪɱɣһԽԽֲˡ
ѾҺڶҪ²ˡ૵⥵ıǼΪǿģַƲХףַѾԽһλʵĹˣǷ֮ǿλʡ
Хķ֮λӦûڵصĵزԲӡںħܷ֮ӳصķ򹥻ˣַ˫طǳܲסģϾķȲХƺҪһЩҲңȴѾ൱ط򹥻ǿˣ᲻ɴݣλʺھ˲ܺ
ʱҵǰλϵһλǿ۹ⶾƽ˵ʷΪλʡλԼλʣ֮ǲϸֵȼģʵʵͬΪλʲ໹ǺܴģλʵķΪأХأַǿѾ൱صķ򹥻ôǿᣬҲ˵ХûǿͨĻַվòХ䶼ɱˡ
ַĹѾǴﵽλʷ򼶱ˣҲζţַѾԺλսˡ
һսûʲôˡ
ַܹӵôǿһȻΪ֮Լħ֮˫ؽԵʣֻٲħĻħѾŴολʣΪλʣҲλʣһν٣һΣַֻǳħѣӦý൱ط򹥻ǿȣΪһֽٵĴڣʹﵽҲζŲõŴħ٣ͽԽλʷ򹥻ĳ̶ȣһȭλʵķ򹥻
Хַ㿿ɫѿû뵽ַһĽ˵Ŀ£ħ˿ħ֮ӳԸ͡
֣֮ͬһָɽɱâָɽϣͬʱյУʮӡӰ泯ַɱΪ취
ɱַͫһ֮⣬֮٣ʹòХоţͬʱַֻƳǰɱһڱӡڵӡȫǿµĺڰħ֮âҫһ͸ſµĲþɱ
ֺ֮ħٲþӡһ̼ڵĻӡǰɱʹòХɫ԰ףȻһ׵Ĳ˻С
ַһӡֱӡХԴҪ
ҪɱХȺͫ΢΢£ַ̫ˣɱ˲ˣХҲҪɱ
䣡һϢȻ䱬ڲͬʱͷԼķֲ֮취շѹַ㡣
ХһʱױޱԴסʹַɫһӡǺԥӡȥ
ӡڲ֮ϵʱ򣬶ʱһɿµĹĻţж죬Ҫ֮ϣĹǿܹݻٲףһ۱ףַҪƿԶ
һӡַɱַһö嶸ȻʧԭأϿգȺ
ˣâ˸ֳַһ桮ơȴĶݼףֲ̣֮УַĿⶢŲ֮ˣɱ֮й


1723 
̣ɫ΢ַںºǰʹɱǿߣλɱٳҪԸַѡ
âȻЩǿһвֵ۱ģǿҲֻλʣǽҲܹӳµԺַַɱˡ
ƴַЦ̫֮ҫĿַֻ֮Уְֳ˱̫֣˱̫ǻɱ֮ʱõıͬǵ۱û淨߶ӿ
Щ֮ƺֻǵַɱˣȴַлƿЩɱ֮˵ıء¿Ⱥа̺Ͱ˱̫⣬ַ㻹вǿı̺Ͱ˱̫ڣƺòˡ
ҵҪôɱҡַâŲХ˵ͬʱ淨˱̫Уʱ˱̫ϳһҫĿ̫̺Ļѹ£ֵ۱ַķȻ޷ȫֻܷһ˿ӵпµĴݻˡ
ˣȻ䣬ַʧԭأͬһ磬ֻһλǿֻоһɿֲ̫֮ʱɫ䣬Ҫܣȴ˱̶ֱ̫֮·ҪϹ۾漴ǿ̫ƶ̫⣬˲Ϣ壬ʹ˶˲Ϣ̫֮ʧ
ӡͬʱַɱȴַһŵǰȫֵͬʱַһӡ̵ı棬µ¶ֱӳһ˵Դնɱ
ǶսĻ˸Ѱ·¿Ⱥа̿ɷ˱ֿ̫ɹַֿ죬Щ˸ûսΨХӵһԿַıһǷرХıȴвַ㡣
飬ַӰֱʧԭأ˱ֱֻ̫̫֮Ӵһ˵ԴϷɳ۶ٶȼն
ܻ֮ʱϢ¶ʹòȺɫѿ
ߡХϣϳԶˣʱ֮˶ˣ޷սȥ
ڣַŭһɫһ䣬Ȼɳ𣬻壬ֱ̫֣ӳǰȥ·ַ¿ա
ַŲ̤ڵľ޴屳ϣɫԶܵĲˣɫɱйɱҪߣ˺¡
ˣַ֮Ľ͸ڵı֮ϣٶȼӳٶȣʱӿ¡
䣡˱̫һ֮ⱬƶһλλҽֱ
ͬʱٶһˣ޴³һֽ̫֮һ˵֣ʹڻзնڵֱӴӶԷϳ׷ˡ
̫ڵĿֲٶַķ֮óͿռ䷨Ĳǿ߼λʶûǵٶȿ졣
סХŭһֻһ˫ʹٶȿޱȣͬʱһöɫѿ˼¡
ַ㣬Ҳɱ㣬ĲΪˡХŭһХֳܹ裬ַ׷ɱͬɥ֮Ȯ㡣
ˣλλʳӴ뿪ͷ˭ȥַ㣬֮˱סԼҪģģʲôãǾô³ɾλ֮磬ô̫ԩˣȻҪӡ
棬ǻĺܲҡХŭһǴܣַֻ׷ˣϻлֲѾַ׷ˡ
ХڿҪɱң˿ͬɥ֮ȮܣѵͲе裿ַ̺µĴ͸ħ֮УʹòХ־ǵԺ֮л졣
ХòϵѪܳӣҪӴܣȷǳ衣
ͣ£㲻καһսַٶȺֱХԺ
սХɫҡٶȷ·΢΢һ˿
񶯵ʱַ㶸Ȼ˼öֱӼκ磬ٵͲХľ롣
أַŭһͲʱռ䶯·һǿڲХϣʹ΢΢һͬʱַеİ˱ֶ̫Ȼɱֱ̫Ӻ˲ХĻ֮ϣ̼ըѣХҲòȵǰһξ룬ȻȴûˣֲĲΪж
ˣַ̤գ·زХûмܣת׽ÿһλȥأΪҫۣΨֻʣ˫ڵͫףܹĺַ֮㡣
ҿɱҡХףַɱͣҪֶãͻʱַڡ
ڣȥԼ⡻硣ַڿ˵λ˾ԲôҴһɣǲǨŭǵġ
˫̫֮˸û뵽ʱַ㾹ȻҪ뿪һﵽʲôأ
á³һ漴ŭХһ徹ɶȥ뿪ߡ
ַŲһ̤Хһٶţ˫¶۾ȭͷ͵ĳַɱ
ȻַֻȻһ͵ĳŲХ˹ȥ¡һ촫ХķʹܺˣȴѹòХ岻ϳ¿նȥ
֮˿һʱһͷ˭սֱһշѹ
㿪һӰȻܿʹ·֮˷׷ܣ漴ֻ¡һ֮ر˰㣬ԶȺ׷׶嫹Ŀ˸
ҲҲֻ֣Ҵ֮ûκζɵʹ¶ɻɫַͲХڵ´սĻһ˿ûаɣ
ʱңԶ֮أٶȿֲնȻڴʱĽŲȻֹͣסˣһµĺ⡣
ô£ɫѿȡһöܲХĲˡ
ˣȡһǲХĻ䣬ãûѣζŲХǻŵģǣΪûκβ·ؼһ
ֻͣɲǱ̤ŲХϢһλøȥϵʱȴֻһ޴Ĺڴ֮ϣ˶Χţ¶ɫ
Хڣɫ䣬ǰ֮ʵ
ǰַХִս⹬ڲХϣ䵽ϣû˶һ˶ŲӦ˵ɫ࣬漴һŭ¡һ죬ʹ飬̼䱬ѿ


1724 ݿ־
ʹ飬Ȼ䣬֮УȻһȺӰУʹ΢΢£¿յӰ
䣿䣿
Ⱥ¶ֵɫЩȺ඼侳磬䣬֮ˣʵСÿŶŶ֮УСӶеһЩǿַ㣬ôѺһȺôСޣ
ⲻ֪ڹɲǣʹеȺжȻ¶һ˿ɫпϲ֮ɫǾȻˣˣǱǹ֮Уգ֪š
ֿϲܿ㱻ȡĿĶ֮еӰǿЩǿǲһɢϢϢ֮Уṳ̆Ͽյޣ·һɱǡ
ʲôطʲôǿߣ
ǰ˿ڿˮôȥˣַǻ쵰Ǵˣ
ַģɫ⹬ַͲХӰӣХϢȷ￪ʼʧģѾӦˡ
Ȼַ㡣ͷôˣַ㵽ʲôΪеߣʲôΪ
ǰҵȲ֪̫ʹЩ˶ͷĵ
ַˣʣһ£ʹЩ˼Ҫȥ
ҵȱַڹ֮Уж겻磬֪һٶȿ˵ӦǺַгģʵʵ˵ȽϺá
ûл˵ĻЩ˵ȷǱģһСÿ
ַ֪ģʵ
ҵǬַ㣬صӡٶȻش𣬲ڲԣǻش˵ûлشһǬأҵˡ
ܵвͷŵĿֲѹ¿֮ɫ΢䣬ĵǰ
Ŷ˵ֻҪҵַϳַ㲻ַ֣ŶУХҲûϢַȻ
Ŷ¿յ˶¶ɻɫطֻǬңԶĵа˻ľ֮أʥݣû˵ŶĴڡ
Щˣ֪Ǵ磬ԭĵطֻСһǣǸַ֪δģҲ֪Ŵɹ챤ĴڣԣǸ޷Ͳ轻ģΪ˫֪û໥ӵĵط
Ŷ½ʮ֮֮һϸ룬˵ģʡ
֮ǣ
¿յ¶ãɫһ֪޷
ǰǺΪ¿֮ʡ
ۣ޷Щ˵ַǼһǴʲôƫԶĵطģȻһȺϡ
ۣۡЩ˵Ĳţ֮űǸ߸ϵʣӵл֮ܣԹϵĹżƺмأ֮ϵľ磬ңԶĴ˵еĵۣǰǿߣۣ
Ѿ֪ķ룬ʲô޷ˣַ㣬һλۣ
ǰ֮ϵĴ˵ڣһһڣƽĲХһĨֲŭѹֱſȥ˫ȲͣĲš
ַ㣬㾹ȻСˡ͸һâ漴̤һȥʼַӰȻҪһ̸ףңַѾһ
뿪֮һȺãˣС磿Ƭǲ˴󵨵Ĳ²⣬ѵǸ֮⣬һƬزɣǵ·
ַΪڻԼ뿪ֻ÷ʹϾڲХԣһʹʵѾ΢ˣѾӵԼ磬ʹʧȥ˼ֵڣˣַԣûʲôˣɱɱνȥɡ
ַȻȥЩ֪Լһʲôطô𾪡ַ֪ɱֻ֮ôʣ飬ǺǱЩ꣬ǵַѾ߳ƣɱֻڴ˵еǿߡ
˿̣һҿջԺ֮УѾһ׵ַϥϣ֮С
棬һƬ򻮷ֳݳǣһƬʲôûУݳǸϿַͲХƬռ硣
Хöûиܵɵý΢΢Щ۾¶û˹ܿ죬ƽվǰַ㡣
ʱַ溬Ц̵Ŀƽ̹Ȼվ
ХһܣͫⲻŶ
С磬С硣Х˵
ǵģҵС磬㴩Ƥ̫Ҽɱ㣬ȴԶ㣬ֱַ͸һĨЦݣʹòХ¶һĨЦɫһ֪Լɡ
㾹Цóַ¶һĨ̵ɫĵ㻹ڵɣܲҵĸ㣬ûҵ㣬硢ϢֻҪһн
ԲѡХһƾС磬һУ
ԲѣַЦħ֮٣ܸƬ죬ħ֮٣
ܡХ¶ŵɫû˵Сܸ߹죬ħ֮٣ٲħؽѣƬСôʸ١
ܣ㿴ˡַɫдĮЦһʱ淨ȼն𣬻淨򽫲Хطǽڣ׵編͵ĺ֮ϡ
ܣôܵط֮Х𺳣˿ٿַ㣬Ŀһ˼ѿ˼¡
ڲſַƽХȴǼ˹㣬ַ㣬ʾ磿
˭ܸô£ַ侳磬ΪʣʣΪܹϵط
ҲַΪͨῴۣǿ߻ῴۣǸ췽ҹ̷Ȼַ˿̣ȷȷʵʵʾΪʲô
֮ˣЦѳɻʣֻ첻ϣؽѺɱңȴԸɺúõĻţɱ䡣ַЦХͷԽԽַŭ֮ˣ㣬ַ㣡
Ȼҡ
ɣ֮壡Хɫѿ˼£һֱӵַ㣬Ȼŭ֮ˣǽ֮壬ңѳɻʣ첻ϡ
ХЦ㻹һֱԴʲôʸȣҪһָһͷԡַХԺУòХɫǷޱȣ·Ҫַˣַɱ
ַŲǰĿڣͬԨ
Х㿴ҵ۾ַħХ־òХڱıԵ̧ͷַ۾ʱ·Ԩ֮У֮Ժ֮УԺ·о֮Ȫ


1725 ׼뿪
ַͫڶ䣬Хڲ֪ħ֮У־ڱַʴȪˮ·߹Ժ档
Хûʶַһ
ɱȻ䣬һ־֮ڲХԺб·Ҫþ־ͬʱַ˫ֱֺӺ˲Хǽ¶˫֮Уħ֮þ桢׵磬ͬʱ͸Х˫ۺԷ嵱УʹòХһҽУҽ͸ž
ҪˣХȻŶб˻ɱû뵽ôһ죬˸˴󵨡
顢־ѣХ۾Ѫȥϲַ֮޷κεֻӰ־룬һ֣ܽХɱ
ʱŶ֮⣬軹׷ѰַͲХ㼣Ȼڴ˿̣еˣʹɫ£ɫѿХˡ
ôᣬХףַΪƲףɱХ
б䣬벻ףɺ޵ǣַ㣬ȻĸɱӣХ
һգ䣬Ų̤׼ַټһַš
ȻȻַɱХȻѾپŶУŶ඼ǰʥݣʥľַҲѾûʲôܿˣҲʱ뿪ˣС統ʥ֮أַ㻹Ǵżڴġ
ʥݣ½ʮ֮ĵ֮ǣǿŲֻ֮ǲӵеѧԺʥأ½˷ַԣ˵طȻҪȥúôһ
ңĪϧʥݣаˣҲȥŶ֮أûʲôԼˣػʺ֮£ַ㲻ȥ룬Ϊ֪û㹻ʵ֮ǰʾ֭Ҳֻͽհˣ֮־ͲΣһǰӵ㹻ʵ֮ʱ֮¡
ХԼһȺŶǿַ֮߱ɱϢĴݿʹо֮̾ȴҲ֮ţ̫ʥͣɱǿߣʥϵѪӲХʹ˲òпֵַΪҲһֿµŭ˭ɱΣɱ㲻
Х֮ʹò֮ĴַټȺףǼõַ㣬ɱѾˣַɱϵѪӣһһǳһˣĵַ
ȻڹŶַ㣬ַȴ·伣˰㣬Ҳ
嫹Ŷ֮󣬰涼ǳڣֻҪУŶûκϣڷ֮˵ŶɲǾŴɹ챤ֵơ
ַκϢ˰жĳڣҲûйַ㼣ַûл磬ò˽ʧַ֪ѾŶѰҵȱҲļС岻Զַ㣬ֻԺˣٽɱ
ʱһԺ֮أԵüžһӰ̤룬նС
ˣĮԺеĹֻͤһӰĿ֪ͣˣȴ۾δ
ľǰַ㡣ַ֮㣬ľַ֮۾һĨɫ漴ַ˵˭ô󵨣ԭСһˣôķδȫȥ߶ˡ
Ŷ޾ǵȥҡַ΢Ц˵
ϸ۲죬ҲľΪ죬ַıòıϢȷû˻ע⵽ѹƾҲδҵκһ˿ַͺͻȻ˰㡣
ַ㣬׼뿪Ŷ˰ɣ𣿡ľ΢Ц
ַΪ¶ַҡͷЦߵ֮ͤУŶľ۵ǰ׼ǰʥݣȱһͼȱһ֮ǰȫ
Сӵǻˡľ΢Ц˵ַʼ磬ľΪۼǿڣ֮еȻһĵͼڴߡбһλʦʵô
ľۼһ߸ٶȿ첻ٰ֪ɡ
ȷַ㶷ҿԽ˱ֺ̫֮ַЦŵľȴ΢ЦҡͷⲻǺ𣬿ңҶԣǷһ飬Ҫ۱Ҫ
ǰɷַˣŶ˿ɶΪ̾Ϣء
Ŵ֮ˣ첻ܾľ΢Ц˵λʦܹƵ֮ԣͨĵ۱ôַһ飬һЩȻ翵ģ˭ܱ֤ûõһأҶԣҲҪʲôۣͼǴ֮ھó
ǰ˵ܹõַַ֮㶨ǰ֮ꡣַ΢΢Ƿ˵Ǳ޴󣬵ǰһλǿߣ˲ֹһ㡣
ˣͼպˡľۺЦ˵漴ͼַԺ֮С
ͬʱâ˸ڶľУһչŷƴС
ⶫһûȥȥ֮󣬿ƿصˣָ֮㱾ʵҲûϵԺ׵Ĵ߶ľۺЦ˵һҳŷݸַ㡣
лǰַҲ飬ŷӹӵŷǰңԶʥ֮أҲû̫ʱˣԺĴҲ᷽࣬ʵıǿҪһˣնľ۳ȫ
ˣǰĻ鷳˳չһľѩҺѣΪԣǰصĻ㵱û˵ַ˵ľ۵˵ͷһģԼַ㣬ǰʥݣһѧԺ֮УõѧԺӻ֮غ˷ĦѧԺʥ֮Ҳ׶ġ
ѧԺĵλ֮ߡַ΢ѩ¹ѧԺ½ѧԺᲢۡ
ַסǰַ֮Ӧ˵츳֮ӵǿţ½ûбʥֵطҲ㲻ǿߣ׸
ȥɣЩ뿪Ŷ֦⣬ʥ̫ʥ֮ˣԼע⡣ľЦڴгһɾ͵λܹͬ۽
ǰؽ󣬷ǳַܼǡһǷַ̤ȥͨйԼˣԻǰʥݣԼãʥ֮پף


1726 
ããɽӣǧ֮֮£һҳŷзɳۣͬ裬һӶ
ַڹŷ֮ϣλڹƲУԿ棬ֻżȻ֮˴ƶӹҲల£غ嫣ûַ˹ŷֻ׺֮һڣԹ͡
޾ַڹŷ֮ϣأǱһζǰʥޱңԶŷٶȿ£ҲҪһʱղܵַҲһʱ֮羰һ׮¡
ַ֮㽵µ棬һ֮УǺǿʢ䲻֮ŶǰǿᣬҲܱȣһգַٴ̣·;֮Уʱῴһڴ֮ϣʹַпǧֻ½˺嫣½жж㣬˿жټֱٶǿߡٶҲΪ棬ãã޾ĿֲУûܻԪ磬ܲ޾ǿߡ
ǹ壬ǹʥ壬ԶʱڿҲΪһųһ壬ЩʥĿҲͬãã˺еһλˣ֮˾ǿߣ׷ǿߣֹϢǼͣһУ׷Ѱ֮·гһյǸԶǧ꣬ǿһء
ַ㲢·Ҳһ̫ͣãֻǵһ֮쳾ǧ¡
ʱַվһƬ̲ݵأǧããҶ̣٣Ϣ
ַɫƽƵƬཻڡ
֮ڴ죬һСˡľָܻַ㿴૵Ȼ䣬ַ֮أľҡϣ֮У֮ϣֲƲ㷭ݣȻⷭƲȴǸ֣ƣȴ޻֮֮١
٣ַͷ֮зķ֮⣬ϵܳɽ١ɱ𣬴ݻһУȻڴ죬ڸգ٣ν
֮ٷݣַ㸺ֶư񷣬֮٣ǲһĽô
ֲۣ޾̹£ַϣ̼䣬ַоڣͬʱһɿµ֮˳壬˷ɢȥܱ߲ľҡϣ죬Ρ׳ۡ
ǿ֮٣⻹֮ܳΪôַ㺬ЦϷ·һɲͬ󺣣ȹ·Ҫ嶼Ѱ㣬Ȼ˿ַǰɰٴһ֮
䣡һ֮ٺɱ£ַ𵴣ѲԺַȴоҪ˺
𣡡Ȼ䣬ַڣѪͬϣ󣬺ض𶯣һĻʹַͫ΢΢һâ
ڵҪˣ
ַâҫ֮ʱڽ³Զַõ̥ԼѪ̥񣬿ֲ֮ڣѪͬӰ㱼̥Ҫô
֮ٺɱ£ǿַ֮壬ַӰ⻷ޱҫĿΧ֮زľУԲ֮ɴ̲ݵػһƬɽ֣֮ϣ
ֱ£ٲŻɢ
ַ͸ľ֮϶񷣬¶һĨЦݣ˷·ᵽƬ֮С
΢ʱ긡֣һҳ֮У֮Ƭհ
֮ڴ졣ַ΢Ц˵֮һŲ棬Χβûַ㣬ΨһƬɭ֣һƬ
Զַ֮֮ʱΧԲǧ֮صĿ⳯𺳣ղǿµǳɻ֮ôȻΪȴо֮ŭ壬ƺġ
֮ˣͷ𺳸ǿң֮֮⣬֮ϣ֮⣬֮ȴƺ͸ŵ֮ɫַ·飬Ǵûֹδţ澰
Ӱ׷ն֮ȴִ˵˳֣֮㼣ֻдɭɭ
ѵǿֲ֮ˣȺаȥȻȴмλƽ޾ʼƬ֮Ѱʲô·ӵʲô䱦㡣
ʥ֮ǲԶã֮ϣС֮ˣ֪ġȺЩƽޣЩ˶֮ˣδɣҲʮ꣬ȻǵΪȴʵ̫Сˣ֮һֻ֮䡣
ѹֻЩҩ֮Ķ˵ر֮ϴһЩľ̺ǿʢ֮ȴǿΪҩ֮ãǣֲҩܹ𵽶ô¶м֮ɫ漴ȥ
磬Ǻ񿴲ǡʱһλŮԵʵС΢΢ţƺЩá
ǲҩαغһʶ굹ǱȽϵȻϰΪгҩ֮ʱҲĿ⣬ѽϰߣͬΪ֮
֮˿ɲһõҩҩ컻أɣ֪Ů΢Ц˵
ˣǼѰҲҩɣܻݡͷϸѲţ󣬱ֵطܹҵĲҩܹҵ֮ݣϣõҩ
˶ʼѰϸȻΪߣȴ·һִ֮ҪⷽԲضҪϾ󲨼Χܹ㣬ʹ˲õĲľ
磬Щ֡ʱŮһʱ˶ߣһĿⶼ¶ɫ
Щ죬Ҳвȴ·Ũ࣬Χľȫͬһ꿪˵˷׷׵ͷҲܵùĲͬѰ֮
磬᲻ľŮĿ¶һĨ֮⡣
ҪƻǴС΢Ц˵漴˺ٿʹù¶޸
ô£ղ䣿˿ɫһֵĹôָȻղߣַ׷̽ûãָȻղ߹
ˣǿȥҲǷǳһ˷׷׵ͷ漴ȥأû뵽ùȻô
ַ˿ξбչأȫȻ֪Լֻһ֮Ĺ˿ߣ


1727 ̥
ϵĲ֮УȺΪѰżأ͸Ź֮ϢֻһĿ峺
˿̣ϵĲ֮Χһù¶֮ɫ
ˣϢŨ֮֮ɢй֪Ǻη֮һλüͷǰĹ⡣
Сأֳ֮Ʋǧ죬ʮ֦Ҷһ˴ȤЦʱΧ궼ЦҲ֡
˭֪ҾͲһء겻˵ȷܣ֮ô׵õ˵ѾӵԼˡ
ˣϵʱֻһֱ̤߳ߵǰ֣ĸŹɶ
˺ܿüͷ¶ɻɫˡ
ô֣һʵ
֮Ũȴûɶһù֡૵ʹλɫ΢׷ǰִȻǶûɶ
û˵ģΪ׵߶ʵ˷׷ҡͷ
ȻˣǾ߿˵漴֮Уʱֲӡ
ЩʵȻ߻ʱȴ͸ſµǿϢ͸ŹŹ֮⡣
䣡һӡڹ֮ϣµʹùֱӱѿһӰӱ˳ȥݺݵˤڵϣ˿ǰһĻ֮󣬶ʱֻڵ֮ϣһλɾ㿡ʵ۾ƺίĿǰȺ
ʱַƣö˶˵ȴ˿˹оƵǣϼһݣоһƽ֮
ǰȺǿĿԼַ㲻ɵ÷˷ۣ뱩ȺСһ٣⼸ͷʵòĺܣǿ»ס
ʲôˣΪλ壿һ߶ַʵ
ʹַˣͷϼһɽҰбչȺСһｫҴֱӽҵĲˣȴһ壬˵δ̫ǿʶ˰ɡ
ַĻ¶һĨεɫʵƺȷģǼСһｫ˿ģɲǶԷ
ͻȻƺеҪС⡣εЦ漴Щ꣺ߡ
˵һЦһͷӾȻҪ뿪ʹַŵ۾΢΢¶һĨЦ⣬һƷŭ֮ҲɢϼһﵹȤĽ
˳Сӣôоֵֹģ
ϼһһˡʱԶһȺϼһת㿴Ӱ̤ͶǷǳ׳ʵ˵֮˸ǳಲĿ࣬ҸߴͬҰ˰㡣
ַ㿴̤ˣ˵ұˣ۾˸ͣôɰɣⶼ
߽ͻȻҲڵϵַ㣬ɵýŲ͵ֹס۾ɵùԲ
Դ꺺Цַ㣬㻹ûء
ȿȣַһٴη˷ۣôòռ澹ȻԼ
㶼ûôַ
Ǵ󺦳棬Ӳĺܣôܻ㣬Сص˻ĵʱ˵ȷѪ꣬ȻӲСȥˣȻţ漣ء󺦳ЦǰȥַǺݺݵĴһȭȥ
һȭַϣȴоЩۣɵЩ֣Ҳûж룬ַһַۣ㣬ôûɻʣ
ôȥˣڰǰ̤ʾ磬˵ַ츳ãȻõһЩϼһİæַҲڱŶԡ
ɲ˻ʡַʼ磬΢Ц˵
󺦳棬˭ǳಲӵ׳˹Ŵ󺦳ʵҲоЩ֣󺦳澹ȻǿĹϵãҲ̫˰ɡ
ֵܣַ㡣󺦳Цַַ㣬̨
ַ̨㰵Ĩ˰Ѻ֣硣
̨ǣ̨Ŵ󺦳ŭһȴ󺦳һԴԵݡ
̨֪࣬Ƚϴ͹ˡ󺦳治˵ʹַһվǰ̨һվܸһ֮Уͷ·
󺦳棬ʲôʱĴ磬ôʶַ̨
ֵð˻Ķ֮һʱ䣬ӴϢԭνʥֻǸĵص㣬ԭֻС磬֪һ𣬺ܶ˿ʼС߳Ҳûţ˵ʥط߸·ĴСĺͷţһܣַ㣬һսɲұһһٺݵģˡ
󺦳뵽һսɸоޱȣƵĵӿǴ󺦳棬֮ǿޱȣһսһΪ
漸ʲôʱսӮңԽԽ̨ӵĿŴ󺦳棬һﲻƤƤҲ
ΪҩСòҩ塢Ѫ⡢ǣǾ꣬ɣٶȾȻһ㲻ⲻƽ󺦳治˵̨ɾӸ£治Ҳô
ַ˼ĶԹһӵ˲ʶⲿҲ֣ЩΪСÿ̨Ҳ̫󣬱곤һЩΪѾˣҸоϢǳȹ̣ͬһһѪӯǿʢ
ַ㣬ϧûɻʣȻһսһɱɱͷţ硣󺦳Ƶ˵ЩˣȻûսӮһΣȷʵơ
ˣͱ˵ˣλǲˡ˶̨˵
ʱ̨һЦΪ˼ϼһǰЩʥǣǰ쵰ȻƲҺʹ󺦳棬ҵȱԺҺʹ󺦳һŭ֮ºһ쵰սһ
ˣ˵˵һ
⡣̨˵
˾ܻҪӸˣ㶪ˡ˶ȻһĹĵʹ嶼΢΢ţ붶̨
һȺﰡַͷĨ˰Ѻⲿ˾һȺ̥СϵҲ


1728 ҩ
⣿˾ˣҿơ˲ˬǰƴ̨֮ϣüͷ΢΢¡
ǿĺǴ󶳺֮ѵ˴󶳺֮˶̨
ǣѩˡ̨Դʹ̧ͷһۣѩҲʥǣ
мˣŵĺܡ̨Щˬ˵¶һĨ֮ɫѩֽˮ飬ˮ
˵̨¶˺Цݣʹ˷˷ۣСӿʼŮأѩŮ˵ȻƯɱȥǣһϣЩ鷳һȥ㰾ҩԼ֪ô
İɣϼһҷģҵõҩԻὫ⺮̵Ϊą́Ц·һǳֵ㡣
ַһֱԲԣȴ̨ĻΪ⣬ʥݻѩڡ
Сһɡ˶ַ˵ַ΢΢ͷһ뿪ߣһ򵥵ķǰҲǸС磬ȴַǰСȻͬƬСų̂ͤ¥ûСˮ·һƬǳߵԭʼֵأȴ洦Կҩݣû˹ܵģ˾סĵطҲܼ򵥣
ַһִͺصϹʱ㣬̨͸ˡ
Сǰ˾ͿʼҩˣõǼ򵥵Ļ桢򵥵¯ûʵ¯Ҳûֻ档
ַ㣬ûио֣󺦳ַϯضĺܣ̨ҲԱߣͷǶվŰ㡣
Щַ֡΢΢ͷ
Ҹʱһϰˣϲ˾ͺ񻹶ʱһ侳˶Сģǿҩƣ֪ⲿ˴йأǶҩϹʱĶԸֲҩһܹЧ˴Ǽ򵥵ˣܽƻǵõô̫ˡ
󺦳ַ͵ʹַ㺹գʲô嶼УҲǸΪϵĲ䡣
Ҫˣַһȴû뵽󺦳滹˵ͷ˵ûⲿսս壬κսȼսѪǲһõҩֱ׵ʱ̤侳磬ϲ˸ϲʼʱϵĿǱȵǱһ̶Ⱥ󣬲ŷſʱΪͻͽһǧ
ַ󺦳ĻԱߵ̨һۣѹ˱뺷
ֻǱοҲҩ𣿡ַʵ
ⲿжĳɾͣͿʮʱΪ״̬ʮ꣬ǲ˶Ҫʮ꣬ҩΣʮѪ־ǣҩƣ֮壬ѪҺ꣬޾ɵģճʱЩӾͺñһСӤȴӵĳɳǱӵǱȫӤܳΪˣɵ֮壬ܳɾ顣
ӳʼʮ꣬£ΪԺĳǱʱ򣬱ӵпֲ
ַ̨˵ʹַ𺳣׷ʱԶŵʱѾ֮ҩƵӣÿһϸô
ҲһˣʵҪĨڵӣõҩ֮֮ΣȻҲǿԵģҲ֮˸ϲҩȥαҽЩ˺ҵֻҵ嵱УܹΪ޾еһĨ
̨ʣַЦЩڵĶҲûôŪҲ˵˵ַ㲻Ҫ̫ƽϣȻΪڻеġ
ҲôΪڵǻۣסַΪȻĵͷ˵
˵Ļ̨Ŀַ㣬Ȼ֪ʵԼôܹ⣬ֻǰڵȥ
һЩַ㺬Ц˵ڴһˣѧһ̨ĻȻˡ
ַ㣬ⲿһЩҩ֮ȷʵҵ嶼ǰǸˣ»ûôɻʡ󺦳溩Ц̨һսҲһ˰ɣһ䣬Ƿǳʺ
ַ㣬û˵˵㣬ЩΣô󺦳ַʵ
ײײһ·ҲǰŶ˴ǰʥݵģ·ЩСһ￸˽ַЦЩ귢֮£ҲǼ仰ܹ˵
ҲȥʥݣãȵһƻָһǰʥݣҪúȡͻʲǣö̬һѧԺ棬ڶ࣬һЩֱ֮ӸҳĴڣ֮صģ˷Ϊо̫ˡ
󺦳͸ŷâ֮Ѫţַ㣬Сǿ̫ˣϲָо
½޾֮˿ڣʥΪʮ֮ĵһȻһȺܲǿ󡣡ַЦ˵Ҳ͸ڴ֮⣬ŻƵܹĳɳߴ󺦳ˣСĻʶֻȲֻǿûлûл
֮ܳӢܣ
ѩļ˾ͶǳŮӵ˵㣬е񣬳Ů˰㿡㣬һֺ󺦳Щˬĵ
Ҫ䷭ǻ쵰һһԵ̨ڵ
ӱ졣ڰҩ̨ĻһٸӴյĽѵ𡣡
ߡ̨ˬĺһû֪ģ˻Ҳ۲䣬飬Ӽأǻ쵰һԷΪһµţһӽɱ
ˡƺų̆жٽԼҪЩ嶯飬۲䣿ѵ飬ѵҪӿΪ
үӣû˵ôأģɱ֮ǰײġ̨Ƶ˵ҪԸ̫ˣ˸䣬ǰܸˣ˶ѾȺۣ֪ô硣


1729 ֮
ַ´мֺ֮ɫ֮ˣ֮ɳ壬νķǺ⣿
ַ㣬㲻֪𣿡󺦳ַʵ
ֻ֪ڡַӦ
ҲǣŶû˸ҷʥ֮ͬأԣоǿߣܹȺۣưһշѹ֮Ӽӵ޵֮޵֮ʣЩˣǷ壬ԸҷΪ档
󺦳ַһ
һ˷ĻҪٸս֮²ưոݰɡַ˵
Ȼȸҷ֮ˣʵ֮κսȻҲ˾֮ʣֺŷҫ󷲷֮ˣֻҪ
󺦳Ϊ˿̵Цֵ̬һĳζžҫ
ַ˽֮⣬ϵĲӣȻһλ֮йĦ̨˼ʵĻɱ˶Է޲ǳ
ˣֱӹȥ˰ҩҩ˵̨ǰ̨Ҳֱһ͵ĹУ֮죬ſһ˻˻죬ҩȻôúȡ
ȥҩ˶̨ͺ̨˵ͷ漴ߵһԾͱ۾ʼҩ֮ʼҩϼһȻΪôûе۾磬ҩĺܣ̨һ㲻İҩˮƽ
ʱַֻоһɺ⽵٣ʹַ΢΢£ĿĿֻ̨ʱ̨һֲı˪֮ͬǧ꺮ıѩ˸о⡣
ҩҩЧ̨Լúÿ졣ַи̾ⴴҩĲڣȻǸɵǳ˸롣
ǰⲿ洴ܹǱҩӦҲзǷĹ֮ϣȻӵǿʢɡַĿ⿴ˣС
Ȼ˲ٹ֮ͨҩศɣǲӷֿ֣֮ǱķʽһΪΪʣ̨ǣĹʨʨ֮ʹÿһӶһʨǧӸգӵǧʨܹɽӣгһտʨһ֮¿ܹء
˵ûַʲôǳ̹ĵе֮֮֮ҲٶҲ֮ˣһ򷨡
ԭˡַ΢΢ͷ֮ͨȷʺⲿ֮ˣѹ̨Ǽһϸоһԣԭʨ֮顣
󺦳ӵʣ֮ҲʺҩҲͰһѣϧѾСѪⶼѳͣҩ￪Чֻ֮ܿ˻˵
󺦳һЦѾˣʹ˿ͻƵʾ磬ǻҪһЩʱ䡣
ַ㣬ΪδʣǰҲ㡣
Ǳַ૵漴΢Цҡͷˣҩôܴ󡣡
ַܹνٽٲħ٣ÿһ綼ħѽٺ֮ϣǱʣʵͲҩ֮ͬħ֮٣ÿһϸ
һ󺦳ҡͷԣǺЦַ㣬СӣҲôأ˺¾Ȼƽܾ
ˬʱ̨޴˫һֻо泩˵Ȼ޴档
ַ㿴̨ϾʨϢ²ݣɵø̨̾һĿֲָҲҩйء
ߣȥʥݣηҪݺݵĽǻ쵰ɡ̨˵ʹ˷˷ۣСӣͲͣƬ̡
ͷӶ£ѵ㲻ϣұǿɡ̨˵ģзִ磬ӻǿıȽصġ
ַ㣬һ·ɣʥݿǱԭʼˣߣһȥ̨˵ֶַЦ
ԣַ㣬ߡ󺦳Ҳ͸ڴ֮⣬ַҡͷЦûĴ֮ûȾҪߣҲûôõ·Ϊǰʥôûͬ顣
ֻͬƺµǿûƽˡ
߰ɡַ΢Ц˵
ˬ졣ַ̨ļ漴ַ˸һӰ˸ȥ
磬գŷ֮ϣַվϣֲ̨ܵϣַ㣬һٶȹ죬ʡʱˣܵʥݵı߾֮ˡ
һǵһοôĴַ㣬ôŪġ󺦳ĵַ㻹δʣֱ֣Ҫ֪ΪЩ֮˾͸ֱɱ˶ᱦ
Ŷǰʥݣ·;ңԶһǰѰǰŷҡַ˵
ҲǣҪٶȣŶʥݣ֪Ҫء̨ͷַ㣬ѩŮˮ飬Ҹ߰ĺܣҪҪһ
ַһգѹִ󺦳̨ˣһǸճǸղźүӵĶԻˡ
ַ˰ɣӿǱѩŮ˻ҪԼĻԼȥɡ󺦳ݺݵĵ̨һۡ
ٺ٣Ҿ˵˵ҵļһñ̨ˬ˵ʲôʱԹһҪһ
󺦳Ĵѩļ˿ɶǵ֮ǻȽѧԺΪ
ҲǣҲȽѧԺûʲôõĹž伮Խġ̨˵ͷַ㣬Ϊûеʾ磬ѧԺЩѣǼѧԺĿ˿ϵĺܣҪһ·ȥУ󺦳Ҳֻɰա
ϴôûнѧԺҲûͨˣַʵ
ƨϴӶ࿴ˮŮһۣ۸ڶĻ쵰һͺսûüˡ̨Ƶıֿڣǳˬ
ַ̨Ļ˹ѹһôˬ
㿪ھҪŮˣ˲սء󺦳油һʹַʱһգ̨Ǽһ򺩺Ц£ҲûôˮŮ𣬼޸ѵܿɡ
ˡַҡͷѧԺҪͨʲôˣ
ֻҪһ·ȥͨˣͬιؿͬҪԸΪҲͲ̨ͬӦ˵ַ˵ͷ⿼˵ǹֱӱܴȥѧԺ򲻽ȥԼأݵλֻʵ˵


1730 սѧԺ
ʥ֮أޱߣһ֮ǵĵ򣬿һ֮嫣ж嫣ֻ˶˿ڡ
ˣʥݵϿշַ㲻ܹһΰǳؽʱĺӡԼΡɽͣǽӻɽͣǷƽַǷ֮ϵ֮˻Ծÿһطûκһȱ֮˵㼣
ַ㣬ɽ𣿡ʱ󺦳ָԶһģɽ֮Ӱ޾滷ˮɽ֮ϣȴߴͨ죬ƶˣַնУҪ̧ͷܿɽۡ
ɽһɽ޷֮˱ˮǰУһһݣֱپǧŰپʮŵݣſɵɽ·󷲸ҵ֮ˣ־ޱȼ֮Ҫ޾ѣл۷壬˵۷廨ʱˣʱ⣬ųɹǶ
󺦳滺˵ʹַ¶һĨĲ֮⣬δҲ̫ѵˣʱ֮˶꣬ôܶҪǶҪʮʮء
ܳɹǶ֮ɼжͣȻɾͲǿŷɡַ˵ʱȥ䣬һȥң껹ֻʱ䣬нء
ˡ󺦳Цַ㣬󲻵֡
ŶַĿŴ󺦳ѵǣ
󷲵֮ˣΨȲ֪֮ģԳ˴ħǲǿŷ𡣡󺦳Ц˵ʹַͫ΢΢£·ʮݣ޾ȴɴħ
֣ȷ벻
ɽ֮ϣΪ𣿡ַ㿴ԶģɽǷΪεٳɴħ
ǧȷȷǷţ˵סһǿ˻ɣŻ䲻Ҫϡ󺦳滺˵ʹַи
֮ϣֱӵɽۣ֮
ԹҴŷ𡣡󺦳ҡͷ˵
Ϊءַ΢Ц˵漴Ŀתϧ޷𣬷Ҳȥԡ
ʥ֮أࡣ󺦳Ц
ˣʥмѧԺȥַһֻѧԺȴ֪ѧԺ֮
ʥĴѧԺսѧԺս߶ơսսǿ᣻ѧԺֳ̺֮ͨͨبѧԺ֮˵ľ־ǣʹ֮ǿޱȣ֮ǿǱܣأΨдѧԺԺͬûвأƽ̨ӹ˵
ѧԺΣǿַ֣֮ʵ
ǿ֣֮֮˿츳ѡ񡣡̨Ӧ˵ǴʥԺʥ㲻࣬ΪĲͬеĵÿһǿ֣֮û˭ܾѹ˭
ǴȥĴѧԺһѧԺַʵһսǿҲսѧԺɡ
ų̂ԴЦ˵
ûôѩ˽ˣַһﲻ˵ǰѧԺ˵ʱѩ˷Ħôֻû
ַĿ̨¶˼ɫЦţҿַ۾·ΰɡ
һﻹšַаȴ󺦳ĵ˵ɣֲʲô˵飬ַ㣬ʥݣϴαΪȥսѧԺʧܣų̂ͨҸү˵û£תǰѧԺѩˣֱһ١
ַͷݣǳ׹̨һҪӣûͨսѧԺ˱ͲˬѩսһٰܣǸоˬѹֶҸˡ
ַ㣬սѧԺʧܣȥĸѧԺһģǣûսֿ̨˵֮أ־֮֮ĵ֮ǣ꣬ʥĴѧԺһһȱ˲š
ӦûȥսѧԺɣϴοʧܣ¿𣿡ַһ
ԣѧԺĿһΣʧ´οɿһѧԺʱѾȥһ£ֻҪһʱձμһѧԺĿˡ̨Ӧ˵սѧԺսʹ󺦳ȷսѧԺϴοѾʧܹһΣݵʱʵδǿܶ࣬ѡսѧԺɺϾַʵǻʶû
ȻˣǼսѧԺɡַͷ˵
ãսѧԺϴοսѧԺʧܣȥѧԺĻɹҲͬСսѧԺʧºą̇̄˵Ӱź֮սѧԺķȥ
ŷٶȼѸͣںʥ֮ؼӹһʱַ̣ڿһǳأ֮ǣ޾
ַ㣬ǾսѧԺսѧԺϿսֹǵշУѧԺеĸ߶Ҳǧ֮ڣء󺦳ַһ
ˡַ΢΢ͷսѩ֮ʢȻַգǿ׿ѧԺ档
ûиоѧԺһȡ󺦳溬Ц˵ѧԺԱ̫ˣأɽйϢ·ѧԺжϹŵż㡣
޷ᲢˣصСУΪܹưԣѧԺءַ΢Ц˵ѧԺܹϣЩӽȻôƣƺһЩż֮أȷͬһһ
ߣȥɡַ˳¿ս䣬սѧԺ֮⣬Χ֮ȺΪ츳ǿʢΪµһѧԺѪгһܹ̤սѧԺΪ
һʱһοˣ֪˴ĴѧԺжܹ̤УΪѧԺʱΧ֮˵
֮ǰǻһ£ɼҪӢ֮棬а֮ţޱߡһ˻Ӧ˵ĻʱΧ֮ĿⶼͶ˹Ѿ֮أûгֹ֮ˣɱһҪ
ֱǮͬ޵УԴӵٻλ񲻹ʮʱ⣬ɨɽӣ֮ͬͬΣҪӢܣԷ˭ҺΣ˭֮ţʲô˶еġ
˷׷׵ͷʥ֮أŲν֮࣬ͬѹɡ
꣡ȺĶԻ̨˫ȭգ¶͸ſֲҰ֮
ַ㿴̨ѵҪ֮ɣ̨˵Ǹ


1731 Թʼĩ
ƨ֮ҲԷ̨͸ŭŭ˵
ʱܱ߲˷׷׽ĿͶ̨һﵨ죬Ȼɣ˭˲֪ɰԵɱ֪˸ﲻѷ±ػֱɱ֮
̨󺦳һʹ̨һɲ죬ƺΪҪ
ô£ַʵ
Ǳ߱˵󺦳̨뿪ߣ˶ӣʵ£ʥݶǱʢ֮û㹻ʵĪҪΪ
˸뿪̨֮Į˵ʮݷ֮һбĪ⣬֮޳ߣΪ̹̹ʥ֮ذսѧԺĴѧԺӽ֮ʱԱֶΰ죬ʹ˲Ҳ֮죬յʱǨⱰ֮˾ҷ
ʲôֶΣַʵû뵽ҩʦҲǰ֮ˡ
һսû֪֪ļ˶ˡ̨Ӧ
Ϊȷ˱ֶΣʵ죬ҷɼʵҲǷǳµġַڵ
ûбҪɣʾףսѧԺѧԺս֮򷨣սɣȴϧã̹䣬ȻĴѧԺ֮ʱͻȻ˲˵Ŀùս˶ɱˣܾܿɱڣ˵սʤţңǽѿ㽻Ҳȴˣɼɱɡ
̨߷߲ƽ˴ַͷȻ˵ɱ죬ȷô䣬ϧˣһȻ׵ıɱ
սѧԺѵûг𣿡ַʵϾսѧԺ֮ˣѧԺġ
֮ĴѧԺսϣԷ˱ֶΣսѧԺҲ޻˵սѧԺһЩǿӦ֪һЩ飬ҸӴҲսѧԺһԭ򡣡
̨˵¶֮ɫϧҵ츳죬ѳЩ߳ƣǿ󲻿һˣҪ׷ѡ
ģջлģ㲿֮˲Ƕ𡣡ֱַ̨ۣ΢Цĵ̨ݺݵĵͷɵķҵҪȥⱰ֮жš
ãҲ뿴νķʱӦûڶְɡַͷ˵ɷѧԺ֮ǰȥҲ޷֪ûлˡ
Ŷʥݣַ֪ģĪϧҲ⣬ַЩڴǣ̨λʦֵܣ֪ǷʥݣϾСԣʥ̫⣬ΪֶǶ̫ʥԾĪϧˡ󺦳ˣַҲˡ
Ȼ˻ʥݣַҿ϶Ҳ⴫˵еʥһģֻʱͬѣң֮ޱͬһС㣬ҪҲףֻһЩ󳡺ϲпܡ
˴󺦳棬ĪϧҲʥݣ㻹֪ɡַŴ󺦳Ц
Ҳڣ󺦳ɫһΪ⡣
ԣ֪ڤַʵ
ڤ̨ɫһڤǵڤڤʢ֮ʱ⣬ڤڤ߳ʥݣڤǰѾ֪˺εΪ
ַ΢΢һЦ֮˾ǿߣ̨ڷ֮˻ǾģʵıߣֻǶΪˬ
ĪϧڤڤӡַЦ󺦳̨ͫ΢գ漴󺦳ЦǼһﵹгϢȻΪڤڤӣߣھȥڤҾĪϧ
󺦳㾹Ȼôѡ̨΢ЦŵܹΪڤڤӣɲס
ȻĪϧǲڤ壬Св֪֪֮Ҵ󺦳Ҳ󺦳ܺĴЦ̤˹ŷ׼ǰڤҵĪϧһ
塣̨м˵ʹô󺦳ˬ޲ñһһ٣ϧʵ˰
̨㲻֪һȺֵ֮Уַ츳ǿģȾĪϧ֪һôģȻδɻʡ󺦳ƵԴôˣַӦóɻ˲Ŷԣ۷塣
ַ츳ǿ⵹Щ̨֡Щĵ
󺦳棬ķʽǲһɻʲɻʶҶνԺˡַ㿴Ŵ󺦳ƵɫЦ˵
ҵ츳ϣҴһ󺦳浹ҲûжʣֻЦЦ
ڤڤˮַ֮˳˹ŷǰ嫵Ĺͬλڤ㣬Ʈãһֲʵ֮С
ǰĺ嫹ڤˮ֮ϣӰҡҷƯ㣬֮ͨأһţ̤ţ빬
ڤַ㿴Ǵ֮ϵ֣޾嫵Ĺͬˮ£˲ʵ֮Уʹַ֪򣬻ֻһλǿߵС磬ڤˮ
ǹȥַ˳ŸǰȥʱڤǰλǣڤףɭɷĿַ㼸ˣˣ
ڤӾĪϧѣǲĻǿַ΢Цŵ·;УѾ֪ͨͨ˾Īϧ
ȻˣڴԵȡһ䵭˵ڤ˴ţǲκ˽ڤġ
ܿ죬Īϧ˸ַԵĴ󺦳£漴Ц󺦳棬㾹Ҳʥݡ
ǣ㶼Ϊڤڤˣܲմ֡󺦳Ц˵
ˣ̨½ʶֵܡ󺦳ܵ
̨ą̇̄ŭһ쵰˭˽ܡ
һĪϧ˴󺦳һ̨̨ۣ֣ߣһڤߡ
һ˳Ŵ̤ڤڣ֮Уأ͸һɵ⣬Χˮڻţͬڤˮ㡣
ڤȻ䣬ѵǺڤɡ̨˵ΪȻܸо䣬ɼǿҡ
Ȼڤųڤ᲻䡣Īϧ΢Ц˵湬£ȴƺΪ壬·˲㣬ⶼǱѡ
ڤӡ·;УżһЩ˿Īϧ֮󶼻΢΢ǷĪϧЦݡ
ʱһǰĹͤ£ĪϧȡַϴθķԪҾƣ΢ЦþûǰֵһˣˣҲԳһ
ٺ٣ϧ˼ˡ󺦳Цַ㿴Ŵ󺦳Цһﲻỹѩɡ
ôᣬ˶
󺦳棬ҪˣҰһʥݵЩطоۻᣬӢܼˡĪϧЦ˵ΪڤڤӣʥҲΪϤܹӴӢ
󺦳˵Щ˼ˣʹַ˴Ц
ơĪϧٱһǴ˴ǰ׼ѧԺûУһµʱ䣬ĴѧԺпˣȥһѧԺ𣿡
սѧԺַ¾ƱЦ
սѧԺҲа˴ѧԺƺҪڼ֮Īϧ
ѧԺַһֵǺͳйͬ㣬ȻҪبѧԺġ


1732 
ʥ̻־ӦûǰبѧԺ˵ҲѲ⣬ǰѧԺҲ˵Īϧ˵ַ΢΢ͷɲ⣬̶һʱλ̤λ֮˾Ǹֲسɴ
Īϧ֪̤λʵϢ𣿡ַ
Īϧ΢΢ͷһʥݣŶǱ߻£֪ﲻ̤λʾ磬ɱ˲Х֪٣ʱұڲӦûʥݣȻû뵽ô͵ˡ
겻󺦳̨¶ɫ˭ô
ȷе˵ֻһʱ䡣ַ˵Īϧôˣ
أ֪ǳŪĻƾʵģǺߵĻǾ͸ӵĿˡĪϧӦٶȣʵЩ¡
ַΪȻĵ˵ͷЦ˵ˣȾơ
˵գʹ쳩һ
ˬ죬֮˾͸úҾƣҾƷģȼѪ̨ˬʣѵһʹ쳩
ãɫ΢г֮⣬ĪϧվЦþûôʹˣƺ꣬ǳȥߣ˳ǿһЩʥ֮صǻΪǵľ֣ҪĳһѧԺ֮С
ãǰ˵ʥݣûһݷɡַ㺬Ц˵վ
Ҳ󺦳Ҳ˵ĪϧЦһʱ˶Ц
˸һ˿ʼڤ˸ȥĪϧΪڤӣҲû˸Ҹж
ʥ֮һ빬𣬰涼ǽͨ빬֮ϣ빬ۣ֮򡢹ͤƼȣɵŮ裬Ȼ빬ȴ˭ġ
ʱĪϧһ˱빬֮£ȻȴһŮ£һƣžĪϧ΢ЦڤӼ٣ԡ
⼸˶ѣ׼빬֮һۡĪϧЦ˵ȻֻŮûòЦڤӣ빬Ĺģ֪⼸λӷֱǣ
ѵҴλ빬Ҳ⣿Īϧõ
ڤӵȻſ֮ʿֻǣ빬Ĺأʮ֮˲빬֮˲빬ڤˡŮӴǸ˵ʹַа빬øߵżҪ빬Ҫʮ֮£ΪҪ֮ϣ츳Ѿǲˣʥݣ츳ԳΪˡ
빬йأԺ𣿡Īϧ˵
Ȼڤ֪Ӧ˽СŮѴ
ַ΢ЦǰվŮߣȻ䣬һâ֣¶ʱַϷ·ŸɫâԵüΪѤ
ô෨ŮӿһĻһ˿ɫ漴΢Цӹ֮ˣͬ˶ķΪδ֮һɻʣǶϵʣ츳ף빬
˵գŮӽ·ÿַ΢΢ף漴һ˳빬ϡ
̨빬ϵĵʯ̾ɣȻɭϣһǵһء
빬Ȼض࣬ȷʵǷǷ֮ˣܹ߽ʶͬܵõһЩ޷֪ϢĪϧЦ˵˳Žϣ޴ĹͤУӰ֡
Ƭ֮󣬲ϲݣ빬ۣ֮֮أӰϯڰ˷֮λƺ̽ʲô㣬ƺû˳߿һۡ
һλŮǰ·ָžĪϧһʯǰ£˵ҲףϯضǰʯƼȡ
ʥҪһ֮ǣŴ֮أսΪ˭սӢܣɷսΪȣһнΪսĴѧԺȻսѧԺΪѡ֮ء
ʱһλ֮ս٩٩̸ƺĴѧԺ֮¡
սѧԺսΪѵһսǿ𣿼ȻˣΪһ֮˻ɣѧԺ֮ˡһ˷˵Ϊλܹ뿪ͨΪ֮ǿʢսȻǿ
ʥ֮ĴѧԺβ֮˵֮ĴѧԺҲ治ϣǣһ;·ǿĸǿ֣֮ɷΪѧԺ֮ˣͨĿ£˭ܷɵսԼǿľ־
п˵۸κ塣
Ƕô˵Ļ˶ӦȥѧԺѧԺƽ·ˣѧԺҲĴѧԺ֮һ۳ֹԼһĴѧԺƫġղ˵֮˷˵
ѣ֮˽ʺԼĵ·˷׷׷Լʱַȴ˳˼Уֶ֮ΣҪ˵һ·ʺϣȷ۶ϣͱԼԣԸ·ƺԣȴԵòЩʹٶȲеô죬ǣսǳǿģΪֶζࡣ
⿴û۵ļֵ˭иԵĿʵȴΪ£˼ַҲûףһһֶǿȥʱ侫һ
ڤӵ֪кθ߼ʱһתĿ⣬žĪϧЦʵ
ҶʶǳֻҪʵģұս⡢ͨ־ǡĪϧЦ˵ĻƺһϻȴûЦ˶ϸϸ׽ţղʻ֮Ц˵ĺãֻҪʵģֶΣαȥѡ񣬸Լ˳Ȼǡ
̸˵ˣڳλԻԼ·ûѧԺģԼúÿǱǡ˼ЦڤԵļλ֪Ǻˣ
ֵѡĪϧ˵ַ㡢ʸʶֵܣ̨Ҳѡ
̨ϴѧԺȻѩӣ˺ߣû뵽ڤѡʱһƽЦʹ̨ʹ󺦳Ŀת˿ȥɫĮ
һ֮ĴҪѧԺÿ꿼˱ȻμӣȴŴʧܣڳĸλѾѧԺ֮ˣҲһ̤ѧԺȴڴ˵أҲû뵽ĪϧЦ˵
ΪѧԺĥкβɡ¶֮ɫĪϧ˰̡
ַ֣ΪЩϤʱһ˵˵ʹ˽ĿͶ
ֻ˿ַ㣬Ц¿ǴŶ
ǡַ΢ЦŻӦ
ԭˣԼ̫ʥİ˱̫ɱŶʥ弸ʮλǿߣλУϵѪХҲɱսԺա˺Цַ㣬Ŀζû뵽ʥ֮أ⴫е֮ˣǷǻʾ硣
¼ЦˡַƽӦʹô󺦳̨Ŀַ㣬һﾹȻɱʣλС
º֮ˣַ㡣˷׷֣Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ڳ˴Ǵ֮ˣǶʮ֮κһ֮Ƕйעд󶯾֪Ŷм˲С𶯡
һҳһλ⣬λ֮ˣӡԼ߶
ַ֮㣬ʽ٣ȴƿϵọ̃ɱ̫ʥͲǿߡ
㺮Ŷػħ֣㺮ǿӾޡ
ЩǱȽҪ֮飬ַ֣Ҳ˵ԺһССλã


1733 
¾ַ㣬źºϣһսˣҪҲɻʣϧһ񣬵ɳɾϵѵáһõ૵Ƹоϧ
ֻǿϧˣʽ٣޷ɻʡһ˿˵ʹַΪ죬Щ˶ŶϢ˽⣬պºһսҲһЩע
ڤӣѵǶأɱ̫ʥͣʥݣ̫ʥͲһЩˣҪˣַֻҪСΪϡ
ιģŶû飬ʥݣʲôַƽ˵
ַ֮㣬ջɱʶ֮ụ̂¾Ͳô˰ɣǿı֪λܷʶһղǶ̨ﲻƵ䵭˵ʹɫ˸˵ûʥرҵȻδֳַȫ
ַĿ⿴˵ļˣǴһĨЦλݷǷ֮ˣ϶˱ҲóιһΣ
ǣ֣ǵıﶼι۵𡣡̨ŭЩȺ֮Ум˺ַ֣̼֮óιۣ̫Цˣι֮ǲҪַá
Ǽλ˵֮ɫ΢ͣ漴ЦλôƢҵĽʥ֮ҪҲôƺЩ֪ô
ǲ֪ôĲóϵıҿ̨۾ŭ
궸Ȼһ֪ʲôطôǽǿڤӵӡ
̨վŭȻĪϧ£ɫƽĵݣ빬֮أ꿡̸۵֮أ㶼ܽҼλѣкβɣҪӣ
ڤ˵δЩ̧ļλ˰ɣλҲ˵ַ㣬Ϊδʣδﵽ빬֮ΪڤӣôݵĮĿ˵
ַ㣬ڹŶɱʶѲ٣սĪϧһ
ŶŶʥݣңַս̵ȱγܴʵʵǲκαĻս¡һٶԣȻ⣬ȴ֪
ڳλѹʵΪ֮һĪϧƽ˵һʹͫһ䣬ɫâĪϧĻѾǺζˣΪ
˷׷ײԣҲֵÿ֣²ؼַŶС֪ʵʵΡ
֡ʱ˴빬̤ߵ빬ۣ֮漴һԵĹͤ£⼸˽Զһս⣬һǿ֮С
ĺսѧԺǿߣֲս⡣Ⱥ΢΢һĺսѧԺĸʢ̤սѧԺʱ䣬Ѿһʵǿᣬ˵˴սѧԺĿˣ
ôңߡĺƽ˵ԼһʯΧŮϺþ硣
Щ˵Ƕ֪м˻ȥսѧԺˡһЦ
ɣ˵ʱҪЩСһ顣һ˶˵ĺ׳Цʹ˶ǵһۣ˴սѧԺ˵УֵɣϢȣͬһͷһ²ôöԸ
ݣ㶼Ѿһûͨ˰ɣŬˣҺúáչˡһ㡣ɿЦʹõ¶Ƶɫչˣ»ҪһܽսѧԺˡ
İɣսѧԺˣǰһˡɴЦ
Ļʱ˹ԭһֱҪսѧԺģμѧԺĿֻǵһĥ
𣿡ʱ̨Ŀ⳯ŵɿȥʵ
ĴѧԺĿһȺѧԺҪ̤ѧԺĿֻҪһ·ǻܣɽѧԺ֮У֪ⵥǷ
λһĴ֮һɿ̨Ц
λһĻսѧԺӦûˡ̨һЦĻ£ʱʹһһĿ̨
ַһھֱ˽ȥͬ̨˵δҲֱ̫һЩɡ
Ȼ΢΢鴤£ݺݵɨ̨һۣҾĿԴˡ
ҡ̨ˬЦš
ڤӵѣȻһһȤǿڳ֮ͽЦɵʵ̹ģǳǶսĻûж⣬һﾹ˵ĴǶ͵һսѧԺôĿ
Īϧ߰ɣһ۸ڶƺֻݵλҲû˼̨˵ֱӣžĪϧڵ
ҲˣмλϲֻǽûпһۡĪϧЦ漴Ҳվ
ǼҪμսѧԺĿ𣿡ɶ̨ʵ
ˣμսѧԺĿˣą̇̄Ӧ˵
ãĿԴЦǿڣ˳һѧԺĿֻƾʵ˵ǲñ
Ҫڿ㡣̨ݵĻοȥˡ
仰ͬ͸ǡݱ˵
Īϧ뿪빬֮ȥڤУҲ£Ǳڤ˼գֱĴѧԺ֮ǰ죬ɣѧԺ̨Ϸ
ĴѧԺʥѾ꣬ʷĳ֮Уֹһ½
ԷΪ֮һѧԺϿɣѧԺķ̨ϷѧԺԣͬһҫȻ֮ˣҪͨѧԺпĿ飬ĻԺǱƽû̫ΪǱѧԺˡ
յѧԺ翪ţɣѧԺУʥݵˣѧԺķ̨Ϸ
ʱѧԺķ̨˺ããǿַ㣬ҲȺ֮УƲ׺һڡ
öֲǿߣۼﶼܶࡣ̨ĿɵùԲŷ̨ϵһЩȺǼֲ
̨ܣһЩѧԺܳ߳ƹһ֤ѧԺ˥衣
ʥǿűĴѧԺǻӢǿߣȻĴѧԺ֮ˣżһλ󷲷֮գȻһʢΪ¡ءĪϧ˵̨ȴʼΪշˣǳˬ
ųһλ֮գָʵȷ̫Сˣɼ֮˵츳ֲַ֮૵
֮һﵱУɼ֮⣬սѧԺҲһλֲǿߣзǱʡĪϧַ
սѧԺ
ԣ˾սѧԺ䣬˳ս䡣ĪϧͷַĿ˸ʥ֮أű֮Ƿַһϯ֮أ


1734 
̨ϣâҫֻһӰȻǣֻһ˸£һӰЩƽվԼλãͬһܰ㣬·һֱǣǸղŵ
ԽԽˣ֮գѧԺǼΪӡַ˵Īϧͷ󷲷֮ˣԶΪһǿߣѧԺԣҲһҫǾѧԺĿŵԷʵǿ
ˣһ죬̨ϹӲԶԶһӰŷ̨ȥ˴֮ͨ䣬ȴһɲ֮У֮·ÿһ̤֮ʱ·ȺҲĽŲһţĽŲƺͬɣ
һ֣㽫˵עⶼ˹ȥߵģ·𶼻Ϊǣҫ۵λ
ɣǴδɷ·ҲܹܵΪ˭ǽշ֮ˡ
ޡ¶·ؽϣƻ·һʹرѣǸַɾԸԼºɻвСĲ࣬ʥĵطżһλķ֮ˣɼ廹Ҫϡ࣬ϾҲһܹ
̤ʯףһߵ̨ϣ֮ţĿɨȺ¶âԴһǿѹ
ĪϧɴΪΣַžĪϧʵ
ս֪ܺɨһʡĪϧƽ˵ʹַ㰵ͷȻǿޱȣܺɨһǿߡ
ɷ䣬лλܹǰ񡣡ʱһλ߶֮΢΢ͷַĿɨܱߣһЩǿΪɲ⣬ӦѧԺ
ϲѧԺʱʱٳ֮ˣҴѧԺףܴչɡʱһλ߻˵ǴѧԺ֮ˣΪ
بѧԺͬɷһ߻˵بѧԺǿߡ
Ȼ֮˼ڣʹȺ¶һĨɫսѧԺƺûǰء
뵽ѧԺսѧԺһЩԹ˱ҲȻսѧԺһ˵츳ɣսʤɣȴĪУ˿ҲܷɣϧӢţӢţ˶²⣬ûô򵥡
սѧԺһλǳ䣬˳ս߼䣬ͬзǱʣսѧԺͬΨһѧԺ
սѧԺû˵𣿡ʱɻڣƽ֮ȴ˲ŭ֮С
û˻Ӧ֮սѧԺ˹ķ䡣
ռƬ̣漴ֻɿڵĴѧԺеӷѧԺ֮˹֮սѧԺȻȱϯҷлᣬҪǰսѧԺݷá
ʣڿգʹͷɲǷ֮ˣôȻսѧԺĲǣҸհݷսѧԺݷöֵ֣á
սѧԺǰء֮ϣƹֻһսطƣǹɿֲսһӰӰɫۣս죬Ҫƿأֱɶȥ
䣡ȺӰսͫ΢΢սѧԺĹصˣȴǼս־
ÿֲս־ĴѧԺһﵱУҲֻмˣѧԺبѧԺҲţûдﵽԼĵزͷݣֻ̧𣬶Ȼ֮ͫصĹâ
һ˻־ʹԣһӰֲ֮־޾ɱȭâżշѹȥ
䣡ɿֲ־ײ֯һгӰӰԼӰͬս㡣
ɣҡţɷռҲᣬսѧԺ̨Ϸ˷ءĿ
ս죬ӰͬʱѣɢޣȻֲ־ǣʹΪƽղһײӦһеǿײˣں֮㣬Ҫǣ±컹ѡ
ɣȼ
Ǽ䣬սѧԺձطʱһַַĿת漴λˣ빬֮ʱսѧԺǿĺԼɵˡ
Ȼ˴οҪԶһΣ֪֮ʱܷƽڣƺԼ˽ⲻ١
սѧԺţ⼧䣬Ǽͳ죬вǿԸҰĲСƺҪһĪϧַ˵
ַ΢΢£䴴ţҪ
ǹʥ廹Щȹʥǿͬڤ֮˽Ϊʾ֮⼧д˵ҰģʹַƶսѧԺˣԶǿսѧԺټˣʱȻܹɾһҵҪ̨ܷҲսѧԺ֣
ַ֪ѶȣսѧԺ˽Ϊһ̨ͬѾǳˣϴȴʧܣɼеľǷ֮ĸҪͳǣȻҪͬһӵзǱʣóϷš
ҲҲ߷֮·ַа˵ܷ˷𶯣˺һ𿪴һš
䣬ᡣʱ̨ϣֻսѧԺһλΪɹᣬʱâ磬ŸҫĿ˷һ֮˽ԶĳгһգҲܷǺεҫ
̷ʯһֻһҿɣ֮գĵ񣬽ܴڷ̨ܱ֮ء
ǵ֮ϣһʯǿ֮ã˿ȴǿհס
ɣдɾͣ¼ʯ֮ϣհȻ궼ĬĬûд¼ĵ񣬽Ĩȥһ΢΢ͷɣʯּ
ãѧԺšƽ˵мڴһλ֮꣬ѧԺٳһλ֮ˣϣʥǡ


1735 ˿ʼ
ɷ֮ȺŸɢȥַ˺;ĪϧʱֿǰսѧԺ̨ҪѧԺսѧԺĪϧڻûнѧԺĴ㣬׼ڤһʱգٿһѧԺȽϺʡ
ʥĴѧԺһأ̤ѧԺ֮ˣѧԺ֮У׿ǰݣӴˣֻѧԺ֮ˣԺҡɢޣѧԺӴ˶һѧԺʳֻ츳ʵң˭ѧԺ岻ø棬û⵨ͲҪѧԺ
ʱսѧԺΧӰܶһЩˣΪսѧԺ
Ҫܿ˵˻ᳬ֮ˣ֪жܹͨ˳ΪսѧԺĿɨΧȺ˵¿һΣڶܿˣɼĴѧԺжߣνǰˣÿһգʥ֮⣬֮ظط٣඼ΪĴѧԺ
ֻҪ̤ʥݵĴѧԺУĳɾ;ֻҪ̤֮û
ĴѧԺͨʷǳͣÿζ˲μӿˣͨ˾Բ࣬һЩǲСĵĻڿ֮Уǳпᡣ̨˵ʹַΪ죺ȻôΣգΪλôǰ̣βȵʵǿЩа
μӿ˵ʵΣһҲԱûУ˷󳷱ǣÿλвٵù֮ˣҲˣֻܹԼܡ̨˵
ңλλʵͨλλʵͨһͨдʵһ˭ΪԼûõ˻ɱء
ַ΢΢ͷЦδ֮أ
ͬλ̨ͨش
˴빬ĻӦӦ˿֮˵ѧԺǣǻҪСĺһμӿ˵ˡ
ô˵ǵѧԺ֮˲̫ǿַʵ
Ȼǵ˶ǰ漸ѧԺ֮˿һЩǶǽѧԺǣǽѧԺĻ͸ӵãˡ
ˡַ˵ͷˣȤ
ȻμսѧԺĿˡʱһַ˻عͷ㿴ݺͼ̤ߣȻҲΪμսѧԺĿ˶һˣͬҪ˽սѧԺ
Ҫڿ˵·㣬򶨻졣̨˿ûжݿ˵ʹɫһͫױ䣺ãҵҪôҵ졣
ῴġ̨
ĿԴ͸ɱ⡣
̨Ŀתַַ㣬󺦳Ѿһμӹˣ֪ϣȵ̤뿼֮ػᴫͷɢ˵ĵطʲôܽģһᷢһХһͣԭصǹҵĳХԼ󺦳ϡ
ãźźǰϣûеȵұֱԼ֣ؾõȣҲ⡣ַ̨Ͼ񻹲֪˾巶Χж㡣
һӦԼ𣿡ַ̨ʵ
İɣŶʱɱҵ˿Ǻܶ࣬ɻšַ㲻Цλʵͨ治ܹɱˡ
ãȻô˵㡣̨ͷӦ
ƯŮˡڴʱһ󾪺˵Ŀ⳯ͶȥֻһٻӰ̤˽ò̬ȣ͸֮⡣
ľĹȻҲսѧԺĿ⿴Ůӣ΢ľļĹϵѪ츳սѧԺУвļ֮ˣĺ˵˴սѧԺĿˣĺ
ĺǷǳһλǼ֮ˣλԺգʵǿᡣ
ţɼܿܳΪһɿֲǹʥ弶ġ
ҲμӴ˴սѧԺˣʱսѧԺ߳һӰΪ֮˺ȻĺĽŲֱӳľ̤ߵľͣ¡
ԼˣҲμսѧԺĿˣϣĻơľƽ˵
ҶԹõʵȻŵģսѧԺĿҲԹƽĻƣ㹫ıǡĺЦ˵
Ȼãȥ׼սɣ˾ͿҪʼˣЩǺæҡľƽ˵
ˣ˵һʵǿǸĺЦŵ˹ãǰȥ׼սȹһչɣ̤սѧԺ֮С
ȥɡľ˵ͷ漴ĺ˽ŲսѧԺ̤ȥܿʧ˵֮С
û뵽ĹҲμսѧԺĿˣսѧԺֽһλŮսʱһ˺Цľ˵ľһۣƽĵƨú׼Ŀ˲ǣսѧԺĿ̭ʼߣҪͨɲôס
ȻЦźˣһĦȭƣ׷׼ӦĿˡ
ʱսѧԺУֻһǿնЩǿ϶͸һǿƣ·ƴǵĿ¿գǵĽ£Ȼһޱȵĵͼͼн֮·Գһ硣
ĺվȺм䣬˵µһţ̤УһָǶԿ֮˽ȫλĶ½أɢǣһסǵĿģֹ̤뵽սѧԺУ𣿡
İģｻ˱ԣһҪ˳ΪսѧԺûô򵥣ǽҲ˲СľˬЦĦȭƣ˿ЩҲһԾԾԣձʦŰŰ˵ʱˣǰǿɲ֪Ȼ˵ĵصһͼֱ̤һطѹǻ᲻ˡ
⣬ÿο˶вٷǳ֣˭˭仹һҴ˴βμӿ˵٣ҶЩ˹ĺΪСμӿ˵ˡ
㹻ˣôˣһһˡЦŵݿǷǳǿ
ǾأԼ飬ܹܲǵʵʱս׼ʼԡĺһâʱսѧԺ֮⣬ǰպϵԻ·ڶȻ˸һлλʿս롣
˿ʼˡͫжȻһâ˸ǰĿռȥ
ס޷Ͼһֱǰߣһ·䵽·յȥַ̨̤һڶȥ
ߡһ͸⣬Ҳ̤ͬͨȥͨսһ·ȥܳΪսѧԺ


1736 ս
ַ̤ռ֮ţʱǰľɫ䣬һƬããԭҰ֮أɽӺԶһ֮ƺǣΡ׳ۡ
ַǰһö˸ŵĹâ
˴οڶ࣬˽뿼ս֮ˣҪ̭һƥλӦöǰǱΨмö򣬲ܽǱţ⣬п֮˲ýκαԸһƮȺĶĤ֮Уʱ˶ףǽɱǵûô࣬Ҫ̭һȺˣһ
ĴѧԺĿˣȱģʱһοֻһܹͨˣҪ𿼺˵ΰţ㹻һ㶼Ļòμӿ˵ȫû
ַһֱ֮ӽģǰ̤
𡭡һʨ֮أͬʨʱַף̨ʨ֮һХӦٻ
ѧԺ֮˵ֱܹ˶УܿǴһƬյĿռ䣬ʲôǶַܿ˸£ϹЮһ磬ʨ֮ڵĵط˸ȥ
¡Ȼ䣬һɿֲĲιʹַŲһͣ漴ֻһ̤˫ȭֱӳַɱʱֲͬˮް㳯ַɱ
Ρַ³һʱϷ֮һУѺˮΣ·˴ӣֱӳйȥԷ
ǿΪɡɫ΢岻ˣַԷĹӦõλʺڵľˣȴװ䣬ΣգΪ
ɡַ磬̤գʱռ䷨һ·ʹ·ܹԾǰа㣬һһգתۼ˺ͶԷľ롣
ɫһٶȾҲô¡
ӴٶȶȻֹסȻٳַ޾Ӵλ޼᲻֮Уʹض·ҪƷ㡣
Ĺַ㿴ǹӴʱӿ콣âŭһٽɱ
£ʱճһħٽ촫Ӵ̴ѣֲٽɱ޾Է
ȥ˵ҲϣԸֱַӳַȥԼӰٵ˸뿪ʧȥһöûϵԴӱٶᣬס˲Ҫġ
ַҲûм׷Ӱ磬ʨ֮ڵĵطȥ
ʱ̨Ҳսǻս̤⿼˿ռһʨΧļǰɱ̨սˣһȭɱʱ޾ʨɱֲޱȣԵ͡
óɡʱ̨һ޼᲻ݵĽɫӡɱ̨ȻתŲ͵һ̤ŭһʨöԷ־
ҹ̨̤һͬһʨȭͷصʨ֮⣬¡һ죬ضԷޱȿֲ𵴵úˣ׶ڱȻ̨ȴоһ䣬һڵħ֮ìȻ䳯ɱ磬͸ſֲħ֮⡣
𣡡̨ٶһʨתƳųìɱȥȻڵħì͸һĨĨֱӴ͸̨ƣ̨֮ء
ʴֱ̨ͫ͵һ˦ԷƫԭأŭһԷķì۶Ųˣŵŵ𵴵ôز
öĹԱһ꿴Ǻ˵ĳìɱͷһ䣬Ҫء
ˣӰ磬ǽӡ֮˴Ӻ󹥻̨ĽŲ͵̤˳ȥۿֲ
ɱƲʱɱ֮ŶԷɱȥˣȻɱ֮ͬˮϲĽɫ˺ѿ
򽻳ֱɫʹһӳֱ˸뿪ͬΪϣǶ֪鲻ʱ䣬ǲܲûбҪƴȫͶԷƴʤĻԼ̫󣬰ܵĻ͸ˣֶá
һö֮󣬲겢δ뿪Ǽע̨ǶսԹۡ
ߡɨ˲һۣ֮ûô򵥣⿼˲Ÿոտʼѣֵƴȫսһį̀ɱȥ󳷣뿪ߡ
û׷Էǿ̨Ұɡ
û뵽ο˻ղŰһأˣȥ̨Ӹ˲ꡣ
뿪ɣĳХ㣬ܶԸһءһ漴۶ȥתۼʧ
̨׶ԷĻŲ͵̤ǰǱǰԷ˵ûΪȽ϶࣬ھͿʼԼ̭ΣգСΪַ˵˲ص
˴ӹ֮ǰ׷սʤǰܣǰķһµģǱ˶ȥû
ַ̨ߵʱ̨Ѿ뿪ˣ˸ַɨһΧХӦûˣ澹ȻмѪüͷ̨ˣ
Ӱ磬ַ㳯ǰн磬ɽ֮ء
̨ʱַӰڿգХһ񷣬˸ƬأʹòĿ̧𣬳ַȥ磬˵Ӻô󣬾ȻзУɡ
ˡˣַշַ֮ңԶ֮أӰڿգ̤ʹȺаôĵ⼸˶Ƕʵǳŵģ򲻸˴ġ
ĹҲˡȺһٻӰȻĹľ
ַ㡣ʱԶһַٶȶȻӿ죬漴㿴̨Ӱʱ̨Ϣ΢һƸ֮⣬ַ㽵ߣˣ
иһħ͸ʴ䲻⣬ħìʴ͸̨˵ֱɺܲиʴͣС
ҿַƷ̨ϣʱ͸֮ͬȪˮ̨ɺԸʴĽ壬ʹ̨¶һĨɫַһȻ侳Ǳ
Ȼûǲҩƺãܹʴ򡣡ַ΢Ц˵ָʴϸ
ַ㣬һﵨӱһҶշС̨Цߣ뿪
·ɣֱȥǱ֮أԻġַ㿪˵ȻڴʱǰһӰĿⶢַ̨ԷˣЩԥ
ߡַ̨ǰУ˿ûǰˣַٶȶȻӿˣ֮壬ʹͬһ˺һеĿ㳯ŶԷ
ŵļһ˻ֲ漴͵һֱ˵ַ㡣
䣡ֲ޼᲻ݣȻ˫ȭײַֻоҪѣʹɫ¶ʣȻ͸һɿɱ


1737 Ž
ѣַĸܵѿɱ֮죬ǿᣬԷһ˺Ĺϵֱۡ
˻һӿֱַ֮Уʹַжơ
ˡַ㿴Էеĺ֮⣬аȻ֮䣬һħþֱ֮ӶɱһУѪ⣬һҽУֻԷֱ۴ѵԷûַȴַӲײγܵסħԼþ֮˫ذԵ
ֱ۱ɱѣԷˣȻʱַѶɱ⣬ݶԷ뿪ɱշѹط֮֮ͬѹڶԷϡ
򣡡Է˻һͬʱѪţ˿оԼѣ׼ȫ
ɱַٶȱݶԷþֱӺڶԷԴ֮ϣ¡һҪֵĻֱӱɢ
ݡһ˸ոϵԶַ㾹ȻշѹɱһˣɵͷȻȥַ˶ԷĴָԼ򣬺̨ǰ·ַΪǿֱӺͶԷӲ䣬ȴû뵽ЩˣԷ֮ͨˡ
ǰ֮ʱַżȻҷǳųǱ֮нģսѧԺĿ˼Ȼ˹رҪöͨǱôȻڳǱ֮һս
·;ַûѰ˶֣ڹһЩʱ̣Ǻ֮ǽ£ŷ·Ƭռмһȴţ˳ͨţûö򣬴򲻿ͨ
ǻǱȽġ̨ЦŽк嫵ĵ㹻˴սˣַ㵽֮⣬ֻвļˣųſ½Ⱥ⼸һɫĮǷ
Ҳˣõ㹻𣿡ʱ̨һ˸˵ó֮ǿߡ
һö΢Ц˵漴Ŀ⾹Ͷַ㣬¶һĨЦݡ
֮ˣ¶һĨɫɻ֮ӦǲҲμսѧԺ˵İɣ˵ʥݽܳսʲ̫ϡ֮£μսѧԺ˵ĻʿɷͨʣʵҪ֮һϯ֮졣
һЩóΪֶͨΣʵ޷׿Ҳϡ֮£ǰ֮˻ˡ
ɲҪ򣬷㼴ңҲῴŵġ̨Ų
ƽһЦ漴վһת½Ⱥ֮ڶ࣬òŴַȥᣬ̨ʵַҲϸ
󺦳档ڴ˿ֻ̣󺦳ӰŲ̤ڴ֮ϣʹôزϲܲç£Ͳ
˿̴󺦳ƺù׷ˣƺǲϷŹ
̨޴͸һâ׷˵֮һӰݣٶȲͬϷŪ׷ڴ󺦳棬ƺҪӡ
𣡡̨ŭһŲ̤ɽӴ󶯣ֱһˣǧʨ֮񱼶ʱʨɽӣһ˺ɱȥ󺦳濴̨ԮҲȻתһ˹ȥ֮ư硢䡢еӵǬ֮ţԵͣսй
󺦳̨ܴĲ֮ӦҲǳַ㿴󺦳ս¶΢Ц󺦳սм̨֮ƣ·̨֮ʨ֪֮֮Ǻεȷˡ
ݲδս֣վǣ˫սɫĮĿһֱ̨һս̨֣ʵȴ󺦳ҪǿӵİԵͣ·ȫʨ֮һбǧʨŭɱأշѹ񷣬͡
һٻӰȻĹľ֮ɫЦ΢΢ͷĹ
ݣ츳ʵֳ̾μսѧԺĿƺЩǿľƽ˵ݲδŭ˵˻ǨŭԷ˵֮ľ㲻ͬŮ˿ɲݸ߹츳ҲǱѰǳ
ĹĻݼ£һݶβμѧԺˣҪΪѧԺʱУ´սƽ˵Ĺ΢΢ͷıãϣҲֳܺһ
ļҵĹ˲ãʵǿɫڣߵĶ¡ַԣǲ΢Ц˵Ҳ֪Ǽǳģ˿Ĺȷʵмˣƺػ
֮սΪսѧԺ֮ˣؽʲôƽսұ㲻ˡЦһ漴̤ǰϢֱ˴󺦳ȥ˴󺦳ٶԸ̨
ٶ죬Ŵ󺦳Ӱȥ˫ƶȻնɱ֮оֲֿħŵͬһħ裬ɱ£еһжҪ˺ɷ顣
󺦳˻һһͷӰŭ𣬷ҡϣǹħ󵶣裬ȻӰҲϡ
ħ󵶸ոɱ£ݱоһɿֲĽɱɱͬˮɱĿһ䣬ɨַ㣬תŭնղӰҲˡ
ɱٽֱӴɱǺʹ󺦳ս֮ˣֲٽŭХ趯գ˺˵壬˵Ļǡ
գŽٽַ裬ͬһɷ
͵Ϯݿַɱһˣʱɫ࣬һΪʹŵٽ֮κһٽ̺֮¹Σա
ѧġַ˵Ųһ̤ȥ󺦳棬ȥ̨ɱ
áȻԷ޳ܣ󺦳ﻹ˼ɣַʵǿоϲֻ֮ǱѣַŽٽ̺
ܲңǻˡַɫ䣬ħƣɱй
ϴħŵ֣ɱͬ£ҵҪĽٽҵħ
ͿˡַĮһʱһٽƿնɱݣֱ̧һնâҪգȻת˲һɱʹݵתն
ٽƲĵٽ٣ɫѿ
֮ڽٽ֮ϣַһѹ̤ٽͣŭХա
ʵȷħŵֲնһУգ겻͸ǰ޾ڵħ֮Ӱ˸Ե
ȻŽٽȫ֮֮ʱŭХֻ֧ܿţַƽվǣֶʹͷݣһǿʵѹȵ˵Ĳҡ
һҽһٽݵ֮ϣնһֱۣɫʹóħŵ󣬵ȴ޷ֵŽٽĹơ
ˡʱľǰ̤һվ֮Уַ䵭˵
ַعͷľһֻۣľ˵֡
ַڵһĨɫָʹľŮƺϰ˸߸ϰɣһ˱֮


1738 ԶЩ
Ĺڣǿֵ֮ķϣҪݲ˿һĻа֮սѧԺѾнʱ䣬պգвСļҵҲ죬Ĺ˳һҲȻ֮£ҲֻҪһ仰ˡ
ΪʵΪǿ꣬ʥû˵һǿдˣľġ
ĹĴֻҪʥݴһЩʱյģ޲֪֮ң㲻ľʵַ֮ôҪӰɡ
뷨Ϊļʥ֮صԺգټĹһжԵúϺ·һж˰㣬û˻վַĽǶȿ⣬ǿΪǿʳبŲ䣬û˻վߵĽǶȥ˼άΪһûѡȨȻǽַ㵱Ƶһ
Ȥ˫ֻأǰһĻ¶һĨȤɫݵַƿأȻ˿ľڣַɱǲɱ
ַľ޵ϴżֲһ֮⣬ƺϰָʹ˺յ뽿һߵĶ£ȻΪӦ÷˼¡
ʶ𣿡ַ㿴ľ³һĮ
ţȺַĻ֮ͫ΢΢£ַδ̫󵨣ӣƺĹӡ
ľҲ΢һƲ漴һ⣺㲻֪˭
˵ĹƺҺ㲻졣ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ԣĹԱȥ
ľһŭһŲǰ̤ɱ֮ͫ׶ַ㣬ԲѣĹǸڿ·ϡ
ľû˵û뵽ַҶ񣬲ò֣Ȼ˻ƽַ㡣
ַâˣͫк˸ɱⶸȻø
ҵҪڿ·ϡַɫѧԺ֮ȻȻ˿㲻ˡ
֪˽Ųһ̤նһɿֲ˳ҪߵǬ
̨󺦳棬ｻˡŽٽջأַɫĮա
ҶĹҵҪкʵһַֻоվزǬתرѣһɿֲѹ
ɱֲӡӴ֮гֱ֣ӽַסӡַ֣ͬ˵嶼С
ӻôط۷ǿ̶ȣѾλʺھ磬λʵط͡ȺӻһݣĿһз
Ѱ·ӻһӡ͵ĳַշѹҪַ
ַŭһӡѣʹùӻͫ΢΢漴ַһ̤̤
ߡӻһһʱһֲӡַշѹȥͬһɽ˹ȥޱȡ
Žٽַǰٽۣ֮֮ۡռ䷨ϣʹþŽٽ͸ű֮
ȥַŭһŽٽƿɱ¡һ죬͸˸ǺĿֲӡֱ˹ӻȥ
ӻϸһֲףʹͬһ֮ͬʱƸǲãŭãƵɨһС
ЩμսѧԺ֮ˣȷͨλҪ̫࣬ԷƿؼΪ֮ͨҲǿ
ŽٽɱͲãȭһݣӵȻ𣬼ɱҪɱӻڵ
ϣӻ˫һϣʱ·ƬؽϣŽٽڣҪʹþŽٽ
˶ѣҲҴԲѣͽЦѰ·ѡӻ˵ŭһϵĴرѣŽٽʧӰȻ޴档
ˣӻ£ȴַչ̤ʱضڵħ׵Ϊһ壬ֲѹͬ٣Ҫͷ졣
ˣַӰЯħŹӻȥӻͫ΢΢£漴ŭ죬ֲ֮Ҫ㸲ء
Ȼʱһħ֮ǿֲӡŭ£ӻֻһӰȽɵͫһѹȶַ㣬һ˫̹ǵ
þַµħ֮־þʹùӻ־һʹһȭͺһѪ쭳漴˱ħٲþᴩ˹ӻ壬ֲԵĲþһУһѵ嵹¡
ɱ˹ӻɫһȻַûȺĿעӣǿʼսԼսƷ
һĻеľɫ࣬˲һɱֵĹӻö֮սɹӻĿˣľںεأ
ô󵨡ľ䣬ַ㡣
ַٴ̧ͷľڵͫдһĨ⣬³һ֣ԶЩ
ˣȺַĻɫһɫȤ̫ˣˣĹԶЩǴĹ
һߣ̨ʹ󺦳񹥻ݣ˸ղ˶Ը󺦳棬̨˿ɲ߿֮·ӵǧΰ̨ʹ󺦳漲Ŀ񱩹ʹ᧿Σ·ʱֺܱɱ
ʱսѧԺ֮Уһ˿¿Ǹͼףɫ˸û뵽ľȻײˣĿⲻ䳯ĺȥĺľͬΪļ֮ˣĺƿش˴սѧԺĿˣ˵һУ֮С
ģΣգҴƺĹӣҪҪ֡ɵܹĿһУĺ˵
ĺɫ䵭ƽĵ˴ҸսѧԺˣһжðչ£𣿡
⡭ɫɣԱһ˵ıɱ̾Ǳߡ
ĺ˵֮һۣɫƽ˵ؿ֮ˣʲôΥذɣ
ɫ˸£ͫ΢΢һȻ
ǺãɣȽȥɡĺŵɵ³һ΢΢ͷĿɨˣȻǴ˴֮ˣԼǿǼˣǿв٣мƣΪտʸΪսѧԺӵļˣϾ˵ȨϣǲĽ˶£ÿθ𿼺˵˶һأǿﱻ̭ˣѧԺҲý


1739 Ԫս
ɨ֮ʱĿϣѧԺãԣҲһǰȥһء
¶һĨ㵵ɫ漴΢΢һĨЦݣ¿Ǹͼе꣬ʶõģַ㡣
ߡɵһаӦû⣬һǷͼ̤˳ȥ
֮У˶ַߣǴʱͷ΢Ųַɱ˹ӻĹԶЩ
ɱһų֮̆çʨȭշɱҪ䱬ݵԴ
ȻͬʱһֻӡȻֱ֣ӳ̨ɱ磬籼ס
Сġַ㿴һĻɫȻһ̨ŭһͬʱһڽٽɱֱǳֵӰȥ
𣡡̨ŭһȻתֱϮ֮ˣһ죬֮ռշѹѣ䱬ʨ֮һֱ̨ļͷʹ̨Ų̤סӰһӡ
һڿն𣬼併ٵԶĿ⿴ˣ΢ЦǼ
֮ˡͫ΢Щƺǰ˰ɣѾ˵̭̤ǱôĴ˿̾˿ʼˣԡ֮ܳΪأ˶ص˭
ʲô˼̨Ŀһ˶ŵɣ˵
̤սѧԺѾʼˣ˵ʲô˼ƽ˵ַǿ𣬴˾ҲŶʥݣսѧԺѧԺҲô򵥡
̨ǼΪ󡣡ַ˸̨˲磬Ŀȴɣƽ˵ȻǿˣһվɣӦԿ˱ǡ
̨Ŀ⿴ַһۣͷãɱˡ
󣿡ľߣһӰ̤һֱػľңַԴǲʱɫޱȣޱȵϢ·Ҫֲս⡣
ĹԴǲ³һʱϵս־·ͻȻ䱬ʹս֮âޱȡ
˵ľɲôùΪǿǱͨ˵֮һԪսһΪս֮ޱӵս⣬ܹսˣаݣַľԴǲѷ˳ֶԸ
ң˵˴θѧԺ˵˱ĺļ֮ˣµɼ˳֣Ҳǵõĺ⣬ΪؿǣʵľԼݣ֮̾սѧԺҲǸ
ȻΪĿˣȻ˽Уַϣֻ˵ùˣ˭õƫƫҪľ
ЦſǰһĻ̨ʹ󺦳ڵ˵֮£Ҳ޷ԸݣʹЦβͨսѧԺĿҲûϵϾʵͻЩˣҲַ㼸˵óѡ
ĹǡĶľ˵ľɫ䣬ĿĮɨַ㣬漴ĵｻˡ
˵գӰ˸ųǱȥĵʵŽַ㣬û⣬ﲻҪˣǾͨսѧԺĿΪ
ԣ׼ѡ˭Ϊ֣ɶʵ
ЩˣȺսģˡ㡣ƽ˵漴Ӱǰ̤Ȼϱɱ֮һɱȥҪĿˣĿˣͲǱˡ
ɫһû뵽˾Ȼͻɱֻ֣ʼ
ɱŭһɱϯأããɱɱƵɱⷥ־ݿࡣ
ȺΪ㵵ĿһĻ漴Ц𣬿ɱȵɸԼʲô
ַҲΪȣŶ֮Ӣ֮ʱƺЩͿ˰
ָɫŰֻо˰㣬𣬵ڽˡ
ĿתɿԣȴЦ£˶Ըˣá
˵գԽŲ̤ͰһԼ˼пˣһĻʹõɫԽѿ
д˫ȭ죬ȴ̨ЦսѧԺ֮ˣɲǶһɡ
ַҲ¶һĨЦ츳ǿ֮ˣѱͬľһ㣬ĿˣҲͬһ㣬֮ˣǵָܹӵ˵ģƾԼԼ˼ˣ㵥ɣҪսԼȥս
ʱȻҲʶЩ˲ÿƣȻ֮ˣ޷ͬģĿɨŰԣЦ˴ҼŸ𿼺ˣ˵ҲԺ˱ؽսѧԺ粽Уƣǻ֪ţΥ
󺦳棬ԸݣҶԸⱰɵļһˣǲǿ֮ˣɱ󡣡̨ϺƵʨգ͵ֱ̤˵ɶȥ
ɡ󺦳ççⱼڲѣɱݡ
ں֮ڣҲƣĮֲսշѹ£ѹַ㣬ԪսΪģƺһµսĻ
ǿԪսȻǿս־ѹˡ
սһŭ֮¶ѹȶ£ֲս־Ҫѹַ֮־ַΪ֮ϥһֱӳַɱշѹһ޴ս֡
ַͫױħâƣ֮Уһħ־
䣡ַϣͬһֹ˳Ȼħ֣ɹħƣսײһ𣬶ʱ㶼
ççս˭档ĽŲ̤սշѹ£·һսѹԪսݡ
ַֻ죬Ʋղʱħƣͬһֲٰ㣬̺֮
ܣַ˳ħܻɿֲħͼأħͼ֮ϣһֲħϣççս㶼Ӱսɢ
ʲôȺһĻͫ׶Ȼ£ɫӲǿĻ֮Ҫ񷣬ɱһС
ˣһ֮Ⱥͷֳַֻֻ죬ŭһɱ
£ħٴ񷽵٣ǧѣһС
ɫ䣬Ϯϵ޾ħâͬħٰ֮㣬˲ϢɱʹһսԶӰ
ս꣡ŭһս긽壬ʱǿսշѹ£Ԫսս֮ͬУַ֮ķأС١
ַٶһħ֮٣ħâûһУĵȺֻһõս¶֮⣬Ȼ漴ɢȻ޴棬ڽ֮
ģõȻҲȫַսɣ


1740 ⱨ
Ķɱˣ˽Ϊпͨ˵һˣȻǰǸ˴ο˵ĺ˿ַɱģͷΪ𶯣Ԫսǳȴַ
ȻַԴľɱλľͷ֮ˣ˴ο˵ĺҪַ㣬ѣһĺַ㣬Щϳأⲻַ㣬ַ㼴ʵǿҲһ·յ㡣
棬ĺɫƽ糣ȴΪ죬˴οĵҲնΪ֮ˣȻԱɴȥȴɺ£νո˵ûҪʲôطŸ𿼺ˣݵ˲¡
츳ʵ㶼ѡ뼧ţȻУĿ޹أҼݲ¡ĺ͸һĨ䵭֮⣬֮ˣܹĸܵһɺ
ģҪҪҴǰȥʱĺһƽ˵ȻĺȴĬûпڡ
ıΪ˴βμӿ˵ڶص㶢һˣܹͨΪµĿˣѧԺǣȴ˻ɱʵ򵥣ǣУǴƺʵҲΪǿһ˶ò£ɱĵ˲սɶΣ
ٶȿ˵ɣȻѧԺãҲŵһԱ򿼺˶ǱЩˡ
סڿˣɲУ˵Է츳ʸǱôĺ˵Ŀ˸漴΢΢ͷס
ַԲ֪淢֮£ʱһֹ£ٹʱ䣬ǱǱرա
˵ĶУʹͫ΢΢¡
Ҳɫһĺ̫Ե˽٣ûмǰ¡
û뵽ҾȻҪֶαҡɫѿȻóַ˶ɱģһݣɴ˵ݣˣ˴οˡ
˵գֽĿͶԣԶˣˡ
£ˣ̨ŭһҪ׷Ȼַȴס̨ͣ֡
ߡ̨ɫĮȴûм׷ǿǵˣȷɱ֣˽迼֮ȴ˽ɱ
аʱճǱʱ׷׿ʼսûʱ⿴ˣԶѰԼĶ֣ս˲ͱǿʳ
ɫĲÿ˴αҪ̨ˣȴŰҪ˴οˣҪȵ֮ˡ
Ǽסˣٻᡣݴħŵն£󺦳Ӱˣˡ
ٻˡһ֮ʹɫһ漴㿴ַһ̤ÿһ̤ռĲ֮ǹʹٶޱȡ
նɫһû뵽ַ㾹Źħŵնгһڵâ
ˣӰѸ磬նӰ֮ϣɫѿħŵƽգκ˶
Ȼ˿ȴַֻһȭȭЯħâֱɱâʱǷɢĵâֱӱɢΣȭâֱ壬δֲ֮ȭѾ
ɫ䣬޴ħ֮Ӱ֣˵һɱ£ƱҪնַ㡣
ɱַŭһһȭɱһȭ֮ͬȭ֮ѹӰֲַ֣ȭâķ·𶼱ƿȻûаɣһ·£ԴѶ
üһ˺֮ʱַɱݣɵðһһ߶׼Źݣûٻᣬھɱ㡣
Ŷַ¼ϤĺܣҲû̫⣬ȴַɱݣֳ̾ǲַ㣬Ԥַ㼴սѧԺӿҲôù
˵ԶĵվգĿȴ͸űɱ⣬ַ㣬ɱݣ
ַûǵ뷨Ŀ⳯ԶеĵͶȥһĮĿ⣬漴Ȼתʱ䲻࣬ÿٶȡǱǡ
̨󺦳棬ҡַӰ磬󺦳ַ̨ʵΪôǿ󣬴˿ȹһ˵Ƕ˶ַ
ʱ䣬һҪսپһĸʶûˣʱġ
򡣡ַ㽵һǰŭһħâͬħѹȶ£̨ʹ󺦳·ʹɫѿԹԵĽ˳ַõ֮ߣʹһڣɫ̫࣬۸ˡ
һַǿһȭԺһ˵ֱӺʮףѪʧ֮֮˽Ӳɫϵ˳ȥ
ʱȣַҲ˲ôսսپ̶Ƭʱֱȵʮ˽򣬺̨Լ󺦳һ˷ȡö֮УǱպϵĳǱ̤ȥֻһš
Ǳ͸ֻᴫ͵ͬλãΣХ֪ͨҡַ߱УֱӡڳǱ֮ϣʱǷ׷״͸Ǳ֮ţתƣٶȽ֮ʱַһƬɽ֮ϡ
һƬС磬Щ˵ܹʱ߽ҵң淢һУ¶ŰɡַĿԶ漴˸ͬռۣȻţûҪͷβˣֱնС
󺦳汻͵һƬ֮أеһǿϢƵɱ̩֮ͬɽѹɱççŭղֻ̤֮񷣬ʱƬնڲ󺦳ֻоβȣƬռ䵴һ硣
󺦳ɫӲ漴һչ챬嶼֮УѹȵϢ
𣡡һգҰ
̨ҲùƬһǿ֮˷񹥻ƾޱսˣɵŭȵĴıӣ𡣡
ʨ֮ͬУ̤յַŲȻͣɫһÿĶʨХ̨ʹ󺦳ͬʱźţԷֱӳ˶˽أַƵǣ󺦳̨ͬλҪԮĻֻüԮһˡ
ⲻ֪˿磬ĺĿڵλãָСվķ츳ʵǿгΪսѧԺһԱǱǣĿˣҲҪǿ˭Ըһǰ̽ȫʵ


1741 
ַӰŴ󺦳淢ĺȥ̨ʵȴ󺦳ǿ٣ǿᣬҲܼһЩʱ䣬󺦳Ķ֣ЩˣЩսѧԺȻǵģؾԲʧȥս¿ʧܶա
ռ˫طַ˿֮ͫ͸ű֮⣬֮УȴһħǣħΪ׵Լ򣬳ֱҪþ
ͣһֲ֮ⶸȻ䳯ֲֶַѹ
ɱַ׼ŭһֱԷԺͬʱͫħ˳ʹöԷͫȻһ
ˣַŲһ̤â֣ϣһǳɣݶԷƬ̴Ϣʱ䡣
ŷĲþħɱ˲˶ԷĹԷϣ־ƵֿȻɱֲ𣬿µĲɱ˶ԷϣֱӺһѪʹǹַɫɷףԶԶݿ
ַ̧ͷ֮ϣĿţ³һ֮Ҫңߡɱ
˵գַǰ̤ûղˡ
ѧԺ֮Уĺ˿ַĿֱգ·սɵɫ΢
˺ò񣬾һ֮ҵȡĺ֮ɫĮĿ⿴˵
û뵽ֿɱսѧԺĿ֮ˣǸ˲ţǶĿȣƺҪӴһЩˡĺƽȴƺ̺һĨ⣬λԸǰ
˵Ѿв˱ڳǱ֮⣬ȻǱⷽռҲ٣мʮ֮ƺǶЩҪˣһȥҪУΪϹӣǰɳһˣһˣء
ûģǻǰѾõĿսִаɡ
½˵ƺĺΪҪ̤սѧԺ˵ģĺЮ˽Ĺߡ
ĺĿ⿴ˣ¶һĨ΢Цֻص㿼һ´˶ѣȻλΪûбҪǺãԭƻ£ڣǸѰԼһ֣ȻУ۽ֳɰܣ󶼵ƬϿȻۣԺؾ֮·ҲõĿˣ⣬Ƕֱ֣פصϿеȺڿ˳߶ȣԼա
淢ַ֮㲢֪˿Ѿ˴󺦳֮أ󺦳깥Ұ񱩣̨ͬ㣬սѧԺսѧԺ֮ˣսսͨǿ󣬽Թǿƣô󺦳Ȼܴ
ַħɱᴩԷ󺦳ַս˹㶼ޱȿ񱩣زȻսƬ֮Է֪κεַ㣬ֱ˸뿪ûа
ַҲδ׷Ŵ󺦳𣿡
û¡󺦳˵ߣȥ̨ϣҲù
ַͷץ󺦳壬ʱ˹ڿգֱ˸ղʨ֮ضȥ̨ڲߵ֮·ΪһϸҩǱܣҩǲ̨ڴ˵ʵȻǳǿᣬ뵥˿ƣ˿̨֮ҲʵǿᣬʱҪ̨çܡ
ˣڿַʹ󺦳˵֮󣬶Էûκԥֱӳˣ̨ԶȥӰһɷ߷߲ƽַַ㣬Щ쵰Ю˽
ô࣬ǰаɡַ̨˵漴ǶУ̤ʱ׼ӦĹ
ȻַΪǣձ۶Уȴһ·ͨ裬˼ǣⲻɵַᵽ˿˿ͬѰϢѵбٵȴǣ
ַ֮˷Ƭڽպϣҷ򾡶ǹɽǸУǰǲãɽ֣ң·𶼱պˣҪǰҪͨƬͬϿȰɽ֮ء
һХַ˿һӰԶɽ֮б˳Ѫɵͫ΢΢£ٶҲı仺
ַ㣬ǿ쵽Ŀĵˡ󺦳ַ˵
ĿˣƬɽ֮صľͷ¾ǳˣҪȥǲôס̨ǰΨһͨ˵
һ·ȥַɫ磬â¶
ַ㣬صǿ߿´඼۵޷һȥĻһ˶ԺѧԺ֮УǴ´ַ̨˵
İɣˣû⣬󺦳ˣ̨㸨һ𹥻һ˺һˣҪɾ䡣ַŲǰͫѾڰħ˸·һȪ֡
ףһ·ȥ̨͸ŹԵʨ֮Ұޱߣͬһֲް㡣
һ̤ǰɽ֮أ졢ïܵĲľҪ۶ɱΣַֻǰһӰͬһް㣬ŵַˡ
ˡַ磬Ȼһħ֮٣ѹȶԷϣͬһħ㣬̧ͷַ۾â¶Ȼȴģʱ·ͫ׶Ҫݽȥٵǹɾħ֮УҪַ۾޷԰Ρ
ǿ֮һħһ֣ħ壬ֱʹ˶ħ乥صΪ־ħƿصħ£ٻԹ
ΪأַŭһֲħԷ壬ͬʱ̨Яʨ٣ɱ£񱩵ĹʹöԷ嶼Ҫѹ־˫շѹ
䣡Էֱ̧ǿֲ̨ײһȻŲȴˣƺһ
ַӰ磬ֱֲħѹȶԷȻȴδֹ֪ԷָĿ⾯Ŀַ̨
ĬƬ̣Էÿһַ㼸˵λ㣡
лַ˼ǰ̨һЦַ㣬
ͺ͸ղ˭˭ַͫڣ˽Ųͬأȫͬķʽʩһ̨УַٶȲһûֲֿܹתۼ䣬ַѾǰ˲پ롣
Ȼڴʱַ㿴ǰӰֱλĿ⿴ַߣһ˶ַʵһǰеĻӦÿͨˣҪˣǲУ˱Ҫһˡ
̨ʹ󺦳ɫ΢ЩʵһʵǳǿʢˣֵĻºѶԸ
սѧԺѾҪȥȻһ𡣡ַ³һħŶսһӦòѧԺˣ


1742 ѧԺ
սѧԺˣȻҪʵѧԺҪƾһǿ˴Уܡַ֮ĮڣӰɢʻνַ̨˰Уֲսͷš
붼һȻˣͲȥˣ첻ҲҪܡַŲһ̤棬ʱһʥ·ɢɫĹĻ֣ϴַĽȥ
ʥͨǰ˶ַ£˺ʥƿһ̤׼Ŀƣſ¿ռ
ˣַ̤ʱһ·ͬǧ֦Ҷ㳯ŰţӶ֯һͼʹöԷͫ΢΢£ֹʥô򵥣ַڿԽŴ֣һ֣֯ͼ
ߡַŲǰ̤һһƣϵͼͬһž޴Ĺ㣬ĳܻ֦ҶɫĿռϢϷҡϣʹͫ׽ַ㣬˺ǿʱУǺʣǲԸС
Ȼ䣬һŭ£ֱվַ󷽵Ĵ󺦳ɱȥƺ֮ʱһ޴ĿֲŶѹȶ£ͬɣӵа¾δ󺦳о嶼ҪֲŶѹǿƥ֮С
ԽΪΪ𣬽ҰԣԶΪ֮ͨ˻ġ
սѧԺǿߡ󺦳ŭХҰȻȴͬʱַֻŲһ̤ӰȻԶʧǧâֱԷԴַƽɫ⻪ɱƳ˽֮⻹л
ÿ죬˲ƣǿɫ䣬Ϊ˲֮
ַӰֱԾ޷Ӧٶ䣬ʱԶ࣬ͬʱ󺦳Ĳçɱʹƺһ屻˳ȥƣɫ԰ס
ǿַͷһ֮΢΢·Ҫ۶ϰ㣬Ȼȴûͣ£Է˳һ϶ͬʱֱ̨ΪԵշѹ
ɫַ֮â·ͻȻ䱬ըַӰ˲ԭʧٴγһǰǧƣͬ߿裬ۼ֮ǿ֮¸ղǿߵĶΪۻ֮ħԿֲֻħķ򻹲ǿʢ
˻ȻתŭХһա
ֲַͬҪ͸ԷԴ̴Է־þѹȶ£ԷִټӦԣֱ۾٣Щϱڣˡ
̨һֱһˣӲһ첨һ֡
ս˲䱬˲ƽϢӰڿգĿĮɫâƵַ㣬˵޽֮Уһ֮˸鶯ޱȣһ˲ˡ
ԸµʵͨҵȵĿ飬ʵҲд֤еһ˶ַԼ̨˵ڴ󺦳ϣ˵ĻҪսѧԺƾ輺ڻǲġ
ҲսѧԺЧãԲض˵˵˽ձսѧԺַǿ˵Ųٶȳǰ̤λõɣסҡ
˵գַ϶ϵâҫĿʹɫһط򣬾ȫǷ
ٽһܹҵĹұСö֮ͨǿĿⶢַ㣬ڵ
áַͷһһĶ
ĿԴϻĿʱһֲŶ֮Ужһǿʢ֮ѹ졣
ΪŶ֮컯֮ϾŶͻʹ֮ѹ죬սѧԺмΪǿһͨǿ߶ַ㻺˵ַɫ£սѧԺأǿ֮ͨս֮ͨ
þͨһұ۳µĹַħƣħ֮һΪռ䷨
ɱŭһ˽Ų̤ʱͬΰѹȶ죬磬ӵѹ
ַһȭɱЯֲ磬ڶ֮ϣʱ˵һԶַܹ֮ܵԷһ֮жǿᣬͨλʶѹɱ
ãַŭһһ촫ֻ֦֮Ӷͬư㣬գı֮һռ֦ѣɢ
ͬʱˣ˶ֱַۣͻȻЦԭҲ˿£һսķ롣
лˡַ΢΢ͷĿ⿴ˣֻ໥һۣ漴ЦҲסˣȻˣС
лλַ㹰˹̨֣һЦ漴˽Ų̳ǰ̤ȥöַ֮߹ߵʱҽ䡣
ַ㡣һӰַ˽Զȥʧߡ
µһĿ⿴䣬䣬㿴ַΣ
־ͨϵ򣬿½ػսѧԺһꡣ俪˵ǰĹҲǿᣬɲַôȫǿ
ѧԺɷսѧԺ䲻ʾ³ҲҪ֮ѧԺ˶ѹƣ죬ƷƣҲҪڼ伧ŵӰ֮¡һƽ˵һֵʧ֮⡣
Ǿʱ𣿡΢ЦʥĴѧԺ໥棬ÿһѧԺ֮ڣҲԣνһ֮ѹȺۣ֮򲻻ǵȷâ֣ˣҲҪܷǰԼһϯ֮أӰ졣
˵Ķԣͼȣ˱ȣֻʱܼ֮в졣˲ˬ˵Ŀ⿴ַȥӰǼһѱҲǸսѧԺЩǿѧԺɣҪѹѹˡ
ãֻǼһŶ󣬰ԵǿᣬȷѹѧԺвˬѧԺɲ棬籾һжԼ۷׷ףѧԺ⣬ɶƽЩ˽ѧԺ֮󣬿Ҫĥĥˡ
ַһ·ǰУȻͨ裬û·ѧԺʿɶֹº֣ȻҪѧԺǿ¸ϼѣһЩŶҪ֮⡣
˾ͷַ˿һš
Ӧǳˡ̨󲽿ַ΢Ц£һӻ湻ģʹ󺦳˸ϣ漴һ̤š
â˸£ַٴγһ㳡֮УֻȵļˣһͬμѧԺ˵ģֻ˳
Ĺľ̨ǲ꣬ľַ˾ȻһʱȻ£


1743 
ľȻûϵַǰζַ㣬Ҳͨ˿ˡ
㾹ܹ֡ľ³һĮ֮ģȻûɱ˴ˣ
ַĿƽĿľһۣ漴Ŀƿǲϣֻˣ֮ǰȻֻͨ˿սѧԺȻô룬ѹЩ֮˸ʵǳǿˣѧԺҲס
ľַ㾹ʱɫ¶ɷ
Ĺ˲֪𣿡ַĿľϣʹľëһЦδ˸˵֮һ֡
˵ˡַƽΧһɿֲʹն·Щ
ˣڴʱһ̤ѧԺ֮У̨ʱɫһ۾ɵôģ쵰һ
ۣȻԳǹʴ͸̨֮ˣĿɨһڳˣ漴¶һĨȻ֮ɫս֮ԵȫԸȻѧԺĪҪƽϡ
һݡ̨۾˵ȻԷô˵ˣ̫ƽϵĻԵ̫ˡ
Ҳڡ˿˲꣬Է΢΢ͷɽ
ҡ
ҽ̨ԺλͶսѧԺˡ̨ˣˬЦǲδ߶㳡еȴţ֮󣬾һֱûٳֹǷ׷ʶͨ˵ˣƺֻ⼸ˡ
һֱҵԼĴȥ̨ЩȲˣ˵սѧԺֻһѧԺͬһ۹㣬޾ʥݵĴѧԺʵһ磬ѧԺڣһ֮أСͨ
Ѿˡʱַ˵һֻԶһӰΪ֮˺Ȼĺǵɼˡ
ĺľ΢΢ף
áľ˵ͷ漴ĺ̤նȥʹ̨һЩ޵Դ
ߡɵĿɨһַ̨һۣߡ
ɴַĺķȥܿ죬ǿһƬȺȴֶľ޴ԺȺɽɽٲ֮ˮ£֮Ʊڶ£εΪ׳ۣʹ˸оˬп֮С
̨ۡʹܹ֮Ԫһõطɽһɽˮǳ
սѧԺͨס֮أȴǰźõסɶ֮˿˵漴γ·˸ŲɽԼʵǶһѡһԺס
սѧԺס֮عȻɣһһ˴Ժ䣬ͬһۡˡ̨΢Ц˵ɽԼҸѡһۡԺ䡣
Уǲμӿ֮زսѧԺţӦ֪ƽռսѧԺ⿪ţҪͨŶҪսģУǰսѧԺطҲҪսǶȻأݴ˴ͨ˵һȥȡսɶ˵ɽ˷׷׵ͷŸԵĶԺ̤ȥǲδУվǣַǻᱻ䵽һԺ䡣
ַ֮ǰУȺԺеƫƧһǣָһΪܾɵԺ䣬ַ˵սѧԺû˶Ժ䣬˾Ͷסɡ
ʲǫ̂۾ȻŵɣĿ¶âˣֻһԺ䣿
ǹ˽ô󺦳ͫͬ䣬סһԺ䵹ʲô⣬Ժܾһ㣬ҲһۡȻܲ˵ǵɵǱǣ˶һһԺ䣬ǣһ
ҰǷסأ˽֮˵˵ע㡣ЩãսѧԺ꣬ÿ࣬ȻһΣ޼ϣ긴һסȻԽطסˣѵҪҽǺȥ
ʱЦսѧԺܵģֻǸոտʼѣַɱݣʱ̾л֪֪ˣ֪ʲô֮·
˵ַҲЩ츳ȻսѧԺУ츳˶ǣַ㣬ľɱݡɣҪַǽѧԺҲ÷
̨ŭ壬ƻҪ˵ʲôȴַ㿪ڵˣ͸ˡ
֪áЦ漴תżȥƬֻ̣عͷַһۣңˣʵûʸһ̤սѧԺ
仰ɱ˸뿪
쵰̨ŭһйҰϢŶ޲ýһȭ䱬
շҪԸαؼһʱȻսѧԺȵҪŪһЩزǣϾʲôûиǣǲСĴʲôɲąַ́ʹ󺦳˵
˵ͷҲ΢侲Щⵥɵȷƨûиǣ˵
˵սŲ̤Ժȥס֮˵ûʲôҪ󣬼ΪҲûϵֻ̨ߵɿԴǡ
ԺȺУֻһӰ̤ȻЩѧԺ
һ̤УĿ˲Զɽϣ漴ĽŲ΢΢һ̤˲ǰ˵ǵԺô
Ժչһɽ΢Ц¡
ʲôĻܿңˣһҲͨ˿ˣסһ
ɽʻĿ⳯ԶͶȥ漴ָңԶıԵ򣬵ƺ䵽Ա֮ȥסˡ
ʲôɫһƫƧ֮ȥΪõĵ˭Ƿģ
ӦýеɰɡɽӦ
ѹˡɫ˸սûУ
˵ȥȡٸǡɽ΢΢üͷ˼ôоЩһ
ߡһսѾϣⲻǵģߣȥַǱ߿
áɽüͷ΢΢û뵽սѾϣǿⲻģ⣬ɴҴҽǼ䣬ʲôûиǣȷҪȺú˽һЩˡ


1744 
ַ̤Լ޹Ժ䣬Ȼܹо˵ĿŲַ̤㿴̤Ӱż΢΢ͷ
ַ㡣һӰڵأַǽˣһԺУ
ַ΢΢ͷ
ⵥɺùַ֡ͷһĨŭԺ丮֮ۡУвǿŵģɵ˾˴οԼѧԺ֮㣬ַ㰲ΪƫƧĽ֮Уң˹һۡ
սҪһ̨߷˵ȴ΢΢ҡͷ˵ǣõսģȴⲻǽвȡ
ʲǫ̂˻иŭвǣѵ治
ַüͷҲ΢£ʵѧԺԴûԼ𣿡
ѧԺͨĹܽɳڵĺܣ˵Ƿε̬ȣԼɲģѧԺһǲп磬ʱֵøӵĳ㣬ΪѧԺľûŵڹݣֻʵȻһЩʥݵĴ֮ˣѧԺռһЩƣͬĹһӦԼܹ⡣
ż˿ڵ˷ǳƵһΣѧԺĳϻὫ½ѧԺһЩǿ𣬶£˴θıǼţĺϣȫȨǴˣԣսҲƿš
ߣ˲Ҫˡ󺦳ơ
ǿɲУսսѧԺıƷҪĻ޷̤սѧԺս֮أҪս룬սɻȱ仺ĵǳݵսѧԺǻϤɣҴѧԺĴߣ˳ΪǽսѧԺ顣
˵ĻлˡַͷսѧԺǿƴ󣬶ĺԼɵˣƺǼ֮ˣܹǣɼǸ֮ˣݲµǵСо
أǶʵΪҲù¡䵹Ҳˬ죬Ц˵
ֻʱһӰĿƺַ֮ء
ַһĨɫէսѧԺʶˣƺҲǵģ֪Ǻˡ
ǼɣĿɨַˣɫư֮еЦ
ǣкμ̡ɽ̧ͷˣĮһ
ǣ²ǰҪսɵ֮أŰݼһ˸ȥȴʹַĿһâ˸Ȼͬ˵һɷǿⲻսǵġ
ûбҪŭ֮£սѧԺ֮аԵǵһˣǰŸ𿼺˵ʱͬ˲Ƶ飬ǰȡս¶ԷҲ׵Ľǵġ䵭˵⼧ŹȻˣҪѧԺˡ
սѧԺ֮Уɱôַ㶸Ȼ³һʹɫһĿ⿴ַ㣬һĨɫû뵽ַͻȻĳһ仰ַһҲƲ硣
սѧԺѧԺ磬ȻȴЩصģѧԺɱͬŵӣɱ޷⣬սҲսѧԺִġӦ˵ѧԺҪģɱ磬ѧԺҲҪˣ츳ǿᣬһΪǿٵɱ㲻ĻʥݵһЩӵܣҪӲˡ
šַܹ⣬ѧԺŵڣȻʥݵһЩ꣬ĴѧԺеһЩ֮ģĺԼľǺܺõô
Ǳ߱ġӰڿգʱַ˷׷׸ϡ
ɱ¾޷İɡɽʵ
ȻǲǻսѧԺôֻҪУС΢Ц˵һһЩҪѹҲҪ˼һˣƱã˭֪ձ˲Խ㣬Ȼǿѹ֮˵ʱᷢġ
ʱеַ㿴ԽԽӰ괫еսѧԺһһȱǿߣַ㷢ھסԺǱΪ壬ȻǵĵƺҲ
ǰƿմ𣿡ָǰһƵĿֲ¶һĨЦ⡣
׳̨̾һҡϣֱ֮أ׳ͬʥأĤݡ
ǱսսѧԺȻҪĵط֮һҪսڣңͨսֻܽսһ㣬սʲôҲӦò²⵽ˣ֮ͨʥơ֮ȵȣɭ򣬵ȻҪõõĶҪս߲С
ҵľŶǴսõ
ԸҵĶ֮ͨɽʵ
ԡͷ
ڼ㡣һֱϧԵҲˣȻҲ佻ֹģǾŶǷǳֲӵΰѹ죬֪սĵڼӵȱ
ھŲ㡣俪ڵ
ھŲ㣿üͷ΢΢һղ˵ӵͨսҲֻ̤սͣսһ㣬ôҪ̤ϵھŲ㣬Ҫʲô
ٴǰһطǱˡЦ漴Ӱǰַ̤ɻ󣬵δʣһ˸ַ㷢ִ˿ǾǵıԵ֮أǰһˮ֮Ļεδ֮ˮɽʶ£˳Ŷڵϵˮ֮С
ǶĶˣһͬˮּɫĹ⻪ˮҡҷš
ַĿ⿴֣һâ
ַϤˣڲμսѧԺ˵ǰ;ĪϧһǰѧԺۼ֤ɷ
ѧԺԣζǿζҫѧԺԣͬζٹ⣬󷲷֮ˣпǧţ
żһӰ߶ȻɳģŲ̤˽ȥҽɡ
͸ˮַƶķУֻͬˮ֮ӳŴĹ⻪ԵþӨ͸Ұ
ڷڵ֮ϣּ
սԪַĿɨЩּսѧԺһ·ǵ¼սƽܼܺ򵥣սѧԺЦأѱɱ飬¡ȵȣսѧԺֹķ֮ˡ
Ӧö˵ɣ˵
Ŀɷڷ̨ϣѧԺ֮˵ʯԼ¼ַӦ
սѧԺҲһˣսѧԺ֮ˣǺĬĬߣ֮ϣΨںдɾ֮ˣɿڣհƽ˵ȴ΢вհ¼ĳȵġ
ʥĴѧԺΪ½һһ߳ȥĬĬҲ˶߳ƣЩ֮ˣɾ͸ֻҪٶһ˽ܣ
͸ŶѧԺһƾ⣬½ΨʥݵΪҪ֮ѧԺʥݵĴѧԺꡢˣ߳˶ǿ߸޷ģĴѧԺʥҲһʥĹԣ


1745 
֪һҵҲܿȥ̨ˬʵЦ𣬿һλλ¼˾̾
ַҲϸۿţ΢вڰڷڴ˵عγһּԺӵܵļϾǺεȵľǿߣǴ΢֮·ʼһǰģûһ֮ģ£Щ֮Ҳһľ磬ѧԺޣɳʱţ£˸Ž
ǰڣַĿֿ࣬ͬ渡ڣһâҫۡ
෽ֻһˮڣ֮أˮڣ֮ϣһڸˮĻâУ͸һʥ֮С
䡣ַ㿴ˮĻϷ֣ȻǼ֣ңҷ֮Ͼ㶼ˣϷ֣Ϊ䡣
սѧԺַ֮ʵ
ԣڣǰзڣдɾ֮ˣ׷ڡǷһѧԺʾǰϯλ֮ˣǣǷѡ֮ˣսѧԺиأΨһ渡ϵǶ֮ˣһϯλ֮ˣʸзȻѧԺˡ
˽˵ʹ΢΢ͷԭˣߵڣǷ
ַͬһݰ񵥣ֻݰ񵥽ֵøλʡλԼλʣʵݰ񵥣սѧԺǱ񣬷ǱλΪǱλΪذλΪ˰񡣡
ϸܵսѧԺң˶Ϊ٣ǸղΪսھŲ㣬Ϊԭҵ֣Ǳ˰ڶʮλþżս̤սھŲ㡣
ԭ񵥾սȼȼԽߣӵô󺦳Ŀ˸ţ¶һĨڴ֮⣬ҪԼҲϰ֮ϣʱ޷ȥǱ񡢴˰ʼ
䣬ȻڵڶʮλһҪǰС̨ͷЦ˵
ȱзԼǱ񣬶⿪ţܹѧԺʹ˶ʾ˺ŬǿԼַ㰵˵ĴǷǳգûսȼ֣ܼ֮ǿߵĺսʤ֮ġ
ܹ̤սѧԺģûз֮˭Լһֱѹ棬˭ָԼ޷ȥֻ֮
Ǳһ£Ȼ֮ϣһЩǱذ֮ˣȻÿһ˶ɽΪϸսѧԺʾǰ֮ˣǱսѧԺλʵճԣ߼غϣҲпԭǱذҲɱܿɹ󣬿¶һЩǳ
ҵ͹ĴѧԺʵǷֻǱ˰ڶʮλ⣬ֻ֮ϣλǿߣսѧԺʾж٣Һһ
֪Բ٣Ҫ֪սѧԺһһֹٶȶܿģ츳ڣλʵλʣҪʮʱ⣬ʮꡢʮöпܣλʵλʣҪʱԴˣˣһһӲֹ½˷˲ŵĴѧԺԲ٣Ϊ½ԴԴϵ˲ţƶһ񵥣ӵ½ˣϸо֣маˣ̤½֮ǵѧԺ֮УҲ˵ǶǴѧԺ߳
½ʥһ֮ˣ̤ѧԺ֮УǣͻЩδˣ仰˵ƶ֮ˣ֮˻Ҳ̤½ѧԺ
˽ַͣ᲻ףͬһѭ㣬ѧԺԽԽԽǿ߻۶ԽԽǿ߻ۣѧԺ͸󣬴ˣֹ
ûа𡣡ַһ
ǳȥ˵Ц£漴һ˳ȥ·
˴һ磬ѧԺȷûʥĴѧԺݰ񵥣һݵ۰һݻʰ񣬵۰ΪǿʰΪǿھһѧԺĴѧԺݰĴѧԺ˹ַͬʽĴѧԺ˾ʥݵˣҲܻܵ۰ͻʰ֮ϵΪ٣Ǵǿʵ˴˵۰ͻʰ֮ˣԲį
΢Ц˵ȻеЩ˿ʱ˵սɣ˻ΪȴΪӡ֤Լʵ
ôǱǻ㣬Ƿζſȡλãַʵ
ʹ䷭˷ַۣ㲻̤ѧԺսǱ֮˰ɣ治ȷʵ˵ңȡҵλãԼˣȫ½һλԣ˭˰㲻ǰУҪˣ㲻ҲãսǰˣսʤԷһҪŲһŲ
ַ㣬ǿǱߡʱһطǰȺɽƣɹƯ֮УȴòǺУ֮С
ѧԺһЩϹŶסƬɽ֮У˵иԵɹûȥΨ̤˷ˣܹл̤УѧԺһЩǰټΪŵָǽ˷񣬾ͲҪָЩǿָֻ̣ܿѧԺԴԼǿҵľսΧԼѧԺṩһЩ񲻶ϱǿˡ
ӣƺȥ̨ĸ첲Ц˵
Ȼ̤ƬǱ˷Ҫϡ˵ʹ̨Ŀ˸սѧԺ˺ܶԼҶͷӽ̵֪ϹŶʲôر֮ôѽȥ
ѧԺϹŶǰɶܱΪʦȻͬѰǿɽһƬأôָԶһ޼֮أʵ
ããأһ磬ѵҲɣ
սѧԺʵ޳򣬿˵սѧԺ֮أããأȱ㼣һЩֲǿߣǻҲһЩżУ̽գҲһЩѧԺǰԺȤҲȥ
Ц˵һȽҪĵطǼסʲôطˣҾͲǰˣ½Ϣεż֡δرܴе֪
鱨֮أʥݵսѧԺô鱨ǳϹӡַ¶һĨЦ⣬طȷԶȥߡ
ߣǻذɣսǻҪ취¡˵һ漴һأһ˷֮սѧԺȻԵһԺȻҪսǱ˰ϵǿߣ


1746 ǿ
սѧԺ¶һĨɫĿ⿴ַǣƺͨ˵ˣˡ
ľλ֮Ͼˣַһۣ漴ֻЦߣȥ֡
ַҲ£Ǳ񣬲ܹսȼսУĹԼ֮ͨսѧԺַ㶨ȻҪսģԽԽãսǱ֮ˣȡ֮ԷǱλá
һսֻҪǱսѧԺ֮У㲻ܾܾսѧԺɣǿʳǿȡ֮
սսѧԺȻǱս̨ģЩһǱ˰սǱ˰ս̨ϽУذսڵذս̨Уֵ÷ǳѧԺֻ֮Ҫһսص㣬֪ʲôս
˴εսǱ˰ս
˰սλ֮սӦľˡ˵һӰ˸˰ս̨֮أֻս̨֮ϹȻӰվϣһĳã㣬ǷһϹžװۣǸĽޣ˳ԣȷľ
ľ֮ʱҽֹʵܻҪʤңļұʥݵԺչʥ壬˿սģԨǱ˰ʮϯλŮսĵһ˾ֱõʮˮ˵
⣿ַɫ΢ľϣ죬Χն֣У۳һýӰ
սѧԺ֮һǱԼ֮սֻƾʵý
Ԩ֮У͸֮һĿֲӰȻڵʯӵпֲѹ
ԨϾ߱ʣΪĴڣӵǿ˫ططԼǿٸ챮ƣΪͣ˿˾ŶҲ٣ֻǱҵһλѣȫһսҺ
仰£Ѿʼ֣챮ƿޱȣշʯ֮·һ챮ܽ޹ǵľɱȻľĽľտ궬ѩգ紺޿ײ롢ǧ˿ƣʹƬն⡢綬ѩ㺮䣬ɱƱü䣬˳ƶΪƮʱհգǿԵ
ֲͬ⾳ȫľĽֶµǣľƺǾ壬ϵ
ľַ¶һĨɫ⾳֮ϵ֮ңˮ˫ϵз֮ѩ֮ϵļ֮ӵĪ֮ľŶűУͬŮ衣
Ůᣬʵǿ󺦳濴ľսɫ΢£Թ챮ƾȫֲˣѹƵġ
ľ޳ɷ֮ĽһΪԲЩ򣬵ѾչֳǿʵˣؽǱϽơľʵɵΪȣľڿ˵ʱ򣬿δȫ
ԨѾȵʹóҪˡַ㶢ԨԷʾȻΣһɿֲİ׹⣬֣ǿǿΪʣΪ壬ճΪ
Ԩ֮󣬹øӿнľľ֮챮ƺɱһ赲ǰ֮
ļһֻ֮ļãﶬ֮Ī⣬޾âɱľӰ
䣡һֲı֮һ貵ĹĻûգȵĻɢȥѾֿδ촫ֻԨƵѪɫ΢Щɷס
û뵽һѧԺҰˣڿǰսȼסԨľʧ䣬ȴδǷ֮⣬սѧԺ޾ѧԺȻٷ㷢Ҳ̫֣ϾѧԺ˱Ϊһ˽ܡ
ֻԨΪԷǿƵļ֤ߣԵЩį
ľһɰȥǰȥˣֽ֪Ųһˡ
ľļҵĹòʵҲȢԼŮˣǲֻһ꿡˫ֻǰ΢Ц˵
˻ɸҵľ֮˵Ա֮ЦһѧԺǿ̤Ǳ˰ʮϯλ˴̤ѧԺλλ֮ˣµľʵǿˡ
һô˵˴οˣһǿЯ̤սѧԺ֮Уһľִ֪٣ͬϢʵҲ
˵ַ㣬սûõ֣׼ΣַЦ
ȻҪҵȥȡôǱŰɡַ㿪˵һɵסԺָҡ
أֱӴȥɡ
䵹ǲ˵
䣬ؽǣַѾΪмˣɺĺһ˵Ǽ֮ˣַ㲻ԸǣС
Ǿ֮ˡЦ漴һַ˹ǰƬ֮Ⱥɽ֮µĹԺȺС
ǵӸۡˡָǰһ˵
ôɣԼסĵطϼѣȴ˾סƫƧ䡣̨ŭ˵طع㣬ˮ֮Ϫö֮һƬõط
ɴĸۡ󺦳Ҳŭ
ַɫͬ㣬͸¿ոۡȵɣ
ɣ
ͬղ죬ʹΧһӰڿն𣬳ߵļǺˣƺİĺܡ
ʱ¿ո֮ۡУҲмӰ߳ǰ֮ˣǵɡ
ֻɵӰڿնĿ䣬ַ㣬Щһòʶ̧٣սУ
𣿡Ŀһɨˣ䣬λˣڣľ⣬һ
֮ˣ˷ƫƧ֮ˣһԺ䣬Ҳս˵û£̨˵
Ѿ͹ˣԺȱ㼸ʱסǣп֮ٵսǸ⡣ɫһ⣬Ŀ⿴ɽԼҶˣǶѾ䵽Ժ䣬ҲΪʦô
սɽĮ³һ
ʶ̧٣սûСɽĻͫ
ܺáַһ⣬֮ԽԽ࣬㻺ڣ˵㸺𿼺ˣҼ̤սѧԺȴԱֶΰ˹ͬһƫƧԺ䣬ҲսˣɣԸ֮棬һս˴һˡ
⡣ͷ£ɫȻɷɫǳѿַʵɱģ±
־֮£˿ַҪô˵棬ԺսѧԺ㣿ҪϾַȣңַ㣬Ǹˡ
ˡа䣬ַ֪սĴڣ˿̣ѣû뵽ֱַǿ


1747 ݲ
ΧȺ¶ȤɫԸֶվտַԼߵΡ
սѧԺ˵ӣ湻ֵģ⵱վ˵һֱǿɱǱ˰ʮλ˿̣һֱҪ͵һʵȤĺܡ
ǸȤǣɣƺԥأӡ֤ˣҲƽɫ
ⵥҪ۸ˣ˵ƫƧԺ䣬ҲսҪԷȴû뵽ֱ˶ܿƲǰµĿŵɣһҽô
ʶأ֪ʲôսô˵
ӲӣַһŲǰһ̤֮ŶˣⵥɻҪתƻ⣿ⵥҪôսҪôѣˣȴҽ˵սһԿⵥɣкĿսѧԺȥ
ɵĻɫ䣬ʱֻһӰ߿ڵô£
޼ɡ˵¶һĨϲɫ漴Ŀƿٿַ㣬ǿ޼ɣи˲ʶôҪúһƽϣ֣ղΪгɣǷҽѵⲻ֪ߵغˣλֵӢˣ˳ҲһЩ֪ʲôߵغ񡣡
һĻ¶һĨɫ޼ɳֵĻʱأⵥҲգ޼Ǳ˰ϵǿߣʮһϯλ͵һǼеһԱʵȴǱûϵĵܹȵģɴʵҲǿļУȴԵЩֻǸһЩ¡
Ҫùˣ޼Ȼﵥæġа
ˣҲ˵Ĳˣ޼ɿַ˵漴Ųǰ̤
ַͫһɨǰ޼ɣĮ³һʹ޼ͫ΢΢漴еɫӵȤˡ
˼ˣƺԽԽ֪ߵغ񣬿˵ĶԣȷҪܹԼҪΪͬһġ޼͸żϢȻܹսѧԺһЩʲôˣԶǹӣ츳֮ⶨȻǱ£ȻǻûʶսѧԺӿʯͷҵģ
Щ̤ѧԺˣҪһսǺúøԼǷнʸ
޼ɣǱʮһλգʦֱдд裬ģˣֻŵ㡣޼Ц
һĆ£һȥ̨ŭһһĻôô̶Ǳʮһλţڶʮλַ㻹ɣȹЩʱ䣬ȻҲҪǱ棬ЩǱϵ¿˵š
ţ޼ɫһһ˿ЦݵɫȻǲ֪ô
ȹһȥɣҪѵҵĻҲؼȵն֣ҵȺ㽻֣ɸҪˡַƽ˵ɵĿ¶̵ɫҲô㲻սĽˣգұҪ㲻ҵĻҲ˵˷ʱ䡣
ɣȻЩ֮£ֺαزͷ¶βǲսԺ丮ۡóֵܼˣ⽻սٹڵϵǸֵܼ˻㲻ƽˡ̨Цսվ㵥ɲӦսҲҪѣǺܻҫôҪǼݷս
˿̣ǵȷݷáˣ
ЩǲŹˡ¶ȤɫȽ޼ɷһߣҺ͵ɵս
ַǵȻ׼Źɣǵɲˣˣζˡ
޼ɣһ߿ȥҪսĻַ͵ս֮󡣡ʱҲˣ޼˵漴ɵ㣬ҲսѧԺ֮ʱ񣬴˿ȴͬһսսʹô
䡣ǳ׽ˣȻǰͱ˵ַǣ޿ɱˣֻӲͷƤҽӡ
ܺáַһ⣬漴ƴһâȻһֱ֣Ʈգ˵ۡ
佻ķĲ裬ѧԺ֮нս򣬼Ǳսɱ֡
ɱսѧԺ֮һ
ۡͬһâ֮Уʱײ漴ɢɣսѧԺ档
޼ɿ˿ʱ̤ÿλãսռ䡣
̨˶ӵĿŵɣУѾǸˡ
ˣɽŲ̤ʱһɿֲǰУȷˣһɿֲѹһУַշѹ
ɱŭһʱճһֲսս֮շѹأַ㣬¡¡֮շѹһУһС
սͨϺӳսεõģȺһĻ¶һĨɫǰûпʼͨǿսݿգͬκ㱼ڣѹһУǿӦ޷õǣ뼧ţȻкôġ
ַ㾹ѵҪǿϺӳսֹʹûǱǿʹл򣬵ҪӲĺҲôˡȺַ֮һƻ֮ӣа
սͬϺӲΣȫȥԵۿҪַϣʹȺͷΪַ㰵Ĩ˰Ѻ
ɱȵٶһ߶սͷţսȫַȥ
ַϸ˲ףͬʱڶ֮͵ĳǰɱֱ˹ս
һˣȺַֻͫͬ㣬ڹսǰУսϵ鱼ѣַȫǿµĻշѹսֱӺ䵽˵ǰ
䣡һ¡죬Ϻսȫɱһȭסؿڣֱ³һ¥Ѫ屻ñˣȻַֻЯֲ⣬ǰٶһƺĺȥĹ촫ȺͷʼΪ󺹣һµϵĹ¶Ҫ˰ɡ
ÿµǿϺսշѹɣɻʡͷʱѾַģɫ԰ֽΣҪô
ס֡޼ŭһŲǰֲ̤Ϣѹַϡ
ַûп޼ɣĿⶢŵɣսó
ȷſҡɫҰף֮£׳Ϊ˲ݣû⣬ֻҪʵ㹻ǿˣȴ˼ֱУ׾Ū衣
䣡һ˵ϣ첻ϣʹõɷҽУɫԽ԰ס
ҡ޼ŭһ֮ˣַ㾹Ҳɱ
սַӵɣɱ¶֣ͬʱٶ΢΢𣬷·ʱһɱ£ݲ壡


1748 ַ
ɴ˿̻˺ѣֻоҪѿַܵɱ㲻̤սѧԺ˸ҽɱ
˿̵˿˿⣬һֱѹַˣҲڽԷȵĵز
Ҹ漴â˸һööսȡһᣬԺ֮ʱõսһս
ַ㽫ս£ɫĶŵɣסĹԺ䣬øΣ
ɲ԰׵ɫӲޱȣȻ˫ͫףΨеͷƿڶԷУĻʲôҲӵġ
áɵͷ
ҵλֵܣûаźԺ䡣ַ
һᰲ׵ɳΨǴӡ
Ǻãڱ㰲Űɡַɿŵɵ壬
ԱԺ䣬ӣԸøǡɿ˵ʹɫһַУҲˣһԺѣûбҪ͵ɼƽϡ
ˡַ˵漴һʱһɿֲŰڵڣʹõ峯¿׹ȥûնûиһأɿ޷ָˣɱɱַԣû̫塣
֪˭Ѱ·̨ǰֻобһŭⵥɴ裬⵽ֳ裬Ҳ˵ϵƣָˣҲ̧ͷˣϰˣַۡ
սõַ㽫ս̨ˣֻǰ˵սĸһöսֲ֮ü֮УĸսǵĴڣɥĻѧԺͨĸս֪ζǵֽսѧԺȥ⣬սȼˣս˻ֱĸսȼܹӦȼ
ַ㿴һеСս΢Цŵ˵ͷ漴ֱֲ֮ü֮һս֣еâҫ
ⶫַ΢Ц£ʱ޼һַ̤棬ȼս⣬Ϊ֮£ҽձҷŹ㣬ȵҼŲö֮׼ɡ
޼˵˸˷ŵĵǰɫѿߡ
˵գŲ΢̤һ˾ȥ
ַɫ΢£⼧ŵˣδҲ̫ЩԼսѧԺִ֮ô
ΧȤĿַ㣬˸ղűֳսȷʵշѹ˵ɣȻаԵ˴ǵַ̫ͼҲѲ˸ϵģϾ˴θ𿼺˵ģǼţɱŰ˲ңǲưոݵġ
ļһмʱˣúѧԺǱһʱ䣬һ˶ַߺȵȰַһ
û޼ɿԶԸˣ̫Ӵ󣬾˵Ǳ˰֮ϣǰʮǼ֮ˣǵ
лλȰˣзִ硣ַΧ֮΢Ц˵漴ŲǰɵԺ̤ȥԺطˡ
ǺǣսѧԺ˹Ȼĸ֮ˣҴսȷʵǳҲѹֻˣǲȰˣѧԺдһʱգӿ¾Ҫĥƽˡһ΢Ц˵ǵ̤ѧԺ֮ʱĸӢ־ҪԾѧԺȻǹȴĥƽ˼ء
֮ۡУ󺦳֮ɵ̾⼧ŵ˵ѡĺõط
Ȼ֮£ƴսѧԺûκһܹ档俪ڵ˴εΪǣһٲõս˵ǳ˿ڶҪܼŵŭˣĪ嶯ǡ
ַΪ츳̤Ǳ˰ϵֻҪǱ˰ǿ߶㣬ذϵˣҲǿ˷顣ַһ
ô˵ҵҪԴˡ̨Щ˵
ֻҪڣսѧԺĵλܹҡˣɷ֮˵俪ʼԶ߿ȥˣ֮󣬿ҲҪʱ졣
֪ˣЩȲȥҵߡַԺֳţʹΪ죬һһȥĵطǺͳ˲ͬһսѧԺȥĵطսַһﵹС
ʱһԺ֮УȴȻηַˡ
ĺľλľѧԺǿ̤Ǳ˰ʮϯλսȻ˿ȴһ˵ĵɽɷ羰
ַ㣿ĺ¶õɫ
ûģһҪΪҸҼţܱ衣Ŀ˿ַƿأҲ˶񶾵˼
ɣίˣԺŵ飬ͲعˣԺˣɡĺƽ˵
ġɫ˲ò԰ģҪӼг
ƺΪҪַ飬㲻صģԻΪ㸴𡣡ĺƽɳĬ£漴ĹȻˣұˡ
˵գɱһ˷ȥ¶į֮⣬ԼŶԣû˼ֵڸ֮£ɡ
ַڿ֮ʱԲѷɱݣԺٴû뵽˾ͲסįĺɫַĪΪ̤սѧԺһж˳ô
׼δľĺʵ
ƾɣ̾Ǳߣ㲻ҵˡĺ˵漴Ŀ⿴վŵˣ˭һˣȥһ
ģ˰ĺܣһ޼ɿ˵
һˣҲҲʱ·һ˱˵
սѧԺҲλ԰ô漧ŵأһͬĵ
ĹԺ֮գȴɷ˷羰޼ɣûаս롯һ޼ʵ
ɻʣһȭ˵ɣʵΪһսʤ侹Ҳڣȥ»Щ޼ɵ˵Ǳ˰ڶʮλ֮ǰ١
ϦĺҪһˡĺǰ꣬ڵ
ȻˣҾΪһˡϦĺվе͸һĨ䵭Ц⣺þûлˣյҪж񡣡
ǵãҪ̫ˣáĺһ
סϦĺ˵գתȥ
ϦĺǱϿ֣ڼλˡľڵ
ʮˣĺ¶һĨЦ⣬Ϧĺ֣䣬Ҷɣ


1749 ׵۵
յԺ䣬ҲַԺ⣬һվ⣬һߣһ֮УȻ˳⣬ʹΧ˶ߣĿ¶ɫ
ϦĺǱ˰ʮλʵǿͬҲǼŵ康
ƴѧԺ֮Ƚ׷ΪţǳţΪλǿߣټǱУǱ˰ǰʮϯλǼ֮ˣǱʮϯλϦĺǳǳĺĵ康
˿̣Ϧĺַסأӹɣַˡ
ַ˼ţսѧԺӣôùˡ
ûˣϦĺԺвַ˵ټɵɫһɫЩһܵĵǹģһˡ
ַˣ֮ڣ뵽ǳӣԸϦĺһ漴˸ȥʱȺ׷״ţҪַǰ
ʱַѾսһΰ죬в¥㡣
ĵһ㵱УΪĹڷż򣬷ű࣬ĳ˵ǰ
Ȼ˿һȴô࣬˶ϵͨϷȥߴһĬԣڡ
û뵽ҲսһҪƾսȼߡַȡżԼ漴ԱߵϷţһĹżԼ򣬾żӴϢ硢ʥݵ˥ʥĴѧԺֹľǿߡʮ֮ǵйԼмء
ӴϢսѧԺɲѧʵô򵥣ĵһ㣬һ֮˽½ˡַеûаϢҪʱȫС
طҵûʲôȤַ㣬Һͺȥսߡַ̨˵ַ΢΢ͷ漴Ƕ˱뿪ǰսȥɽҵµķһЩż
ַ㣬һصĶ㹻ˣ棬㶼ṩһЩ֮õϢɹѧԺѡǷǰȥߣҲַ˵漴ȥûҪϢ
عҡַЦӦʼ½˽֮УҪ˽ıʥݵʷһЩ¼߳ƵĹʹʮ֮ǣȻٷ½
ļأһǧǰսѧԺսѧԺзѧԺͼλѧԺֵܳȥ£ļҵʢһֱʥݵĿֲʥ塣
ַļҵʷɵ£صǸһǧĹʥ壬ʵʥлǱȽĹʥ壬ֻǲ֪Ƿļҡ
ַΪ𺳵ǣЩ½ʥصüϸһ֧ľϵһ˱ΪĹĺľ֣Ȼֻڶֵеһˣع򣬱ûϸˡ
Щÿһʱգ˸еݣĵһͿԿսжô¡
ʱ仺Ķȹתۼһչȥַ㲻ͣĸŹżԼţڼ䣬Ͳɽ˶뿪
ڼ䣬ַ֪ʮ֮ǵѧԺԼ磬ʥ壬Ȼж۵ļȴ٣ֻ˵жݣĪ⡣
У޼ۣʥĿַΪ𺳣޼޼۱ΪܱߵشһˣȻʥŷǱѰĹϵַ㲻ɵ۴Լ޼۵ĶԻ޼۴ڸ֮УȷʵʥĲϢ
һַǳԾϢʥ壬һλպյʥ̫ӣ˳ơ׵ۣ
׵ۡʥ̫ӣϲһǧǰɥʥһǧǰ𣬹㺮һǧǰʧУʱڵعʱϼһ֪мʲôûУԼߵĵұߵĵ
һУƺʾһ£ϲʥ̫ӣ׵ۡ
ϲ˶ܡַаеļ䣬˵ķǳʥ̫׵ʾףǳǿᣬó죬Ȼַӡе׵ۣǻ쵰ѹûֹʲôʵǲҴţ֪ĵϸ
㺮˵㺮͹㺮ײˣϲɡַ뵽ŶһĻ㺮λﱻй㺮ڶǿߣΪ彵ٹ㺮ʱַ㿴пܾϲˡ
ַʱϦĺһַӵԺ֮أûзַټַûǰǳϦĺܲģһˣ»ַ㲻ǳӴԺַóսѧԺˡ
Ȼһ֮ʱַɻ֮УϢ̫ӴˣѾ죬ɻһЩϢûвõϢַ֪ģʱѣҲûʲô֮иµ˽⣬ʮ֮ǣܹȫϤ
ַ㡣ʱ֮УַȻɵΪȣһЩϢȻôȤ
ôˣַ̧ͷ䣬΢Ц
̤ĵһ죬Ϧĺǰȥ֮ûȥڶǰ֮Ӵ˱㲻ҪսѧԺգǵ졣һ˿ɫüͷ΢΢š
Ϧĺƺַ֡૵
Ǳ˰ʮ˵ǿߣǳŵĺǳ俪ڵ⼧ţκһŶԶһ棬ţһžͳԽսѧԺκˣŵ£ǽΣ
ʮˡַ૵ޣ
˵ͷ
ǾͼŰɡַԵĲ⣬Ц漴Լ顣


1750 
ַ˵޵һ죬ַûǰȥϦĺ·˦˶㡣
ڶգϦĺվַסԺϿ֮ˣɫ
ַ㣬ҿҪ㼸ʱϦĺ³һ漴ݺݵļ̤£ʱһɿֲçɷ֮¿ַ㸮ۡ¡¡ı֮Ժòһ
ϦĺŲٶȼ̤£ŭͬһֲ֮㣬ŷŵ񱩵Ϣܿ죬ַԺ丮ۡ׵Ĵݻ٣ΪһƬ֮أʹΧϦĺҪַȥַ涼δ¶һ£ȷġ
ǰķ棬Ϧĺɫ糣նȥ
һУַ㲢֪ʱո̤ݺݵ˸ϣַо泩ļ죬˵Ȼһ֮һ֪˳ΪͨŲ֮ˣϢ̫Ӵ󣬸ϢУеۼ㵽ɽҹȻͨĵۼֻһʴѣһЩûǿŻ㼸ʡ
֪Ķˣַ㾫·𶼱£ƺЩ˿ûаƣ֮⡣
Ȼʱֻ̨ʹ󺦳̤˾㶼üͷţϴ˿˿ɷƺܲ졣
ַ㡣̨ڴ󺦳ǰͷڵţ̫ˡ
ƴȻὫЩ˷ǻһλãǴڼŽǶȣһ̤ѧԺ̫ӡַЦ£ԵúƽƵ
ˣȻŴǿ֮һֱ¶ˣƣʵãһ⼧š̨ŭɶ󺦳Ҳڵ⼸ϦĺҪǰȥڸղţֽסԺ丮ۡһƬ棬ǵѧԺ
ڸղţַüͷһŴ󺦳ʵ
ڸղš󺦳ͷ
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ĵԺգЩһֱ½ϢȻսҶֻ̤һ㣬˭սʹսȽףɾǡôô
̨ʹ󺦳ַĻ۾գ£һԣһݡ
ߣҲȥϦĺĸۡ䡣ַЦ˵漴һ˸ֱԼԺ֮ضȥ
ãַԼסأȻһƬ棬Ա˼ַɵ¶һĨ֮ɫǻΪַء
ˣַ˸һӰǰ溬Ц⣬ƺһԿ֣ȴַͻȻǰɵµʵҪȥǳô
ʣϦĺסأַǰ֮ʵϴźãЩ࣬ƺ㣬֮ˣˡ
ϦĺסأʸҪƺ˼£ַЦʵ
ȻҵĸۡȻҲҪؾһ¡
ַĻʹöԷ¶һĨ֮ɫĿ⿴ַ˫漴ЦãҸջصѧԺһ˶ˣˣȻҪȥϦĺĸۡҴȥ
лַ΢Цŵͷ̤ʹΧԽ¶Źֵɫ
ϦĺĸۡңһԴ·һ˷׷׸ϣ£мֺƵֱ֮Ϧĺۡ
·;УȺԽԽƵ˶֪һѧԺ㴳ַ㣬ҪȥϦĺĹ
ʱϦĺԺ֮бĿȻʱȻſԶȥһ˺Ƶɵ¶һĨɫһȺƺֱĸۡġ
Ϧĺַߵĺ꣬üͷ΢΢δַ㣬˲ϵã᲻ʶ
ˡϦĺۡϿգЦ£ϦĺӰڿգžɫƵĵԹǺ⣿
Ϧĺֻ·ǡʼ磬ͬηһƻͱһֻ棬ʹ˿˫֡
ַ㿴Եĺһۣ漴¶һĨЦ˸˴·ôɣ˸ˣˣϦĺƺЩ⣬һƲ˹ϵ˵ҲδԹ
ϦĺĿ⿴ַ㣬ֻʱַҲ˶δ˵ȴ·ܹоԷ
ַ㡣ĬƬ̣Ϧĺ³һû뵽ô͸Լ˸ɽǴþΪͷô
ַ¶һĨЦ漴λǰֱӽϦĺǰ಻ʮס
̫Լˡַ³һ
ˣ
ղַֻŲ͵ļ̤µ棬ʱһֲʯ¿պȥʹϦĺɫһ
Ϧĺŭһ¡¡ַֻŲٶȼ̤գһط۳ɹŷ壬ȥ޴Ժ䲻ϵıΪƬƬ档
ϦĺҲסδĿⶢַ㣺ٶһΣԡ
䣡Ϧĺ䣬ַٶȼ̤գһΣԵľʯŷȫ£¿ƬԺ䣬󣬻ҳϢϵ֮ϵȺϢ֮УЩ˽¿ĿȴźϦĺŵַ㣬˹ȻͬеŵĽ
Ϊҵ˿ɽұ㲻Ҷ㣿ϦĺһɿֲçϢֲַ㡣
ֱַֻתŲǰ̤ʹϦĺɫ΢
ȥǱ˰սַ̨һʹͷ£׷¶һĨɫַ㣬Ϧĺս̨ϼ
һֱϦĺһԸΪַأַһ֣ĸۡˣͬʱ˰ս̨
֪ͽϦĺӰǰУһˣǱս̨ԣǳ衣
˽漴׷׸ϣһʱ䣬սѧԺ߸ӵ
ѧԺĵһգĹսǱ˰ʮϯλǿߣŹ˶̶̼죬һˣǱʮϯλϦĺս顣
ľסԺ䣬ʱֻǰˣ¶ɫ˵ַϦĺĸۡңս飿
ĹûȤȥ
ľЩãַսˣʮ˵Ϧĺǰ
ˣҲֻȡ裬սһսĽֱáľڵ
Ҳãڴ˵Ⱥǡһ漴ƮȻȥ
ܿ죬սѧԺ˶֪ⳡսЦ˽ܾûˣֳôĶء
Ǳ˰ս̨ϦĺַȻվս̨֮ϣϦĺգϢ£ַ㣺һս裬Ȼңұʮ֮
ַϦĺ¶һĨЦ⣬ƺЩмһʱ֮УһּƯǣĿģʹ˵ͷ΢΢£һǷ
ֻսĻδЩȤɣַ³һһ̣ϦĺҲ£˫Ķе֣


1751 ̿;
ϦĺȻû뵽ַսʤַ㣬ҲֻŰַһ٣ɱַҪַݣǱ˰ʮϯλַҲȫö֮ľܾû˻˵ʲô
Ȼַ㲻Ǳս̨ң
Ϧĺһηôˣϣ·Щһ̤սѧԺˣҶǲɵôһŷǷʵ
ֻʱַͫ䣬·˵УսѧԺδȣ鷳˷꣬һֱˣһһģûûˣȻˣǾͺһ㣬ҪĻ
㻹ʲôַƽ˵ʹϦĺ΢漴͵ĻӶ£ղͬһַֺֽ֯һʹΧͫ΢΢£
Ȼҳȫ㡣Ϧĺӿ̻ɷ죬תΣֱӺɱ¡
̼䣬ַֻоһɿֲУʹоΪʣϵϢںҵĶҡţ̻̲
ʲôַ΢ŶȻַȴо΢΢ЩңƺеĶ֮УԷç֮·ܹķҡ
䣡һɿֲķ籩֮ȭǹɿµç֮ɱ£ֱַͷϿգȭâƿһУʹַ㷨һƶϦĺȭȴȻ١
çȭȺϦĺȭԵƿֲʹ÷޷ۣѹʹѪҺ·УвܽһȭɱϦĺķҲȫϵçȭ֮Уʹӿֲķ޷оˣΨ֮⡣
Ϧĺ˿޺ͬʿ֮ʱ籩ս֮˶һɱ
ϦĺһץʱһɿֲַϣҪķ򳹵׻ҵķַ޷ۡ
ַɣȺַֻվԭأɵаçȭԼϦĺİ֮ᷨųƽ޵УҰķ򣬻սɻʣҲзĹǿᣬɡ
Ҳ¶һĨɫַ㣬ѵľô
ַˡȺϦĺַʱͫ΢΢£Ǳ˰֮ϣ֮սϦĺųƵڶˣΨоǰ棬˽ľ룬ַ㷨Ұᣬ֮⣬Ǳ˰ǰʮںϦĺ˽£Ҳ֮
ַ㲻˽ϦĺŻнյı硣
ʱµķ籩֮Уǿµç֮Ҫַ嶼ϦĺǴһĨɱУַѾǸˡ
ֲİҪ뷨ͬʱǿçȭϮ£ַ
ַͫĮɲأ֮Ŷ·ڰħٽ٣ֲ׵編֯һ˲ϢϦĺɱһĻʹϦĺɫ˲ò԰ɫ䣬ô£
ҷͰᷨûַܽ㷨᣿ƿأ˽ľ룬ַķѾذأһᣬȻʱַȴ׵Ļ۳ֲǿ
ַǿϵħþԷײ
ٽһַŭһڵĻâ˲նŽٹһһħ⣬˲ϢͶԷȭâײըѣþЯɱַҲͬʸ㳯Ͽմ͸ȥ
˵˿Ѿ̫ˣ˲ֻһֲħçд͸漴֮УӰײһǹֲϢ·̼䵴Ȼ޴棬һжɢ
ô£˶ֹӰ˭ʤ˭ܣ
ַ㣬ղôǿĹ
ΪΣϦĺ³һƮַĶĤ֮Уڶ֪ԼΪζܣַǱ֣֮Ϊôǿĸϵ򹥻ҷͰᣬûκЧ
ҵķ򣬲Ƭƺ⣬ҡһֱƮϦĺԺ֮У漴ֲڳ׵ıַֻӰƮˣ¡һ촫Ϧĺըѣɢȥؼʧ
ϦĺˡȺһĻֻоЩʵǱ˰ʮϯλϦĺַ˲ɱҲûŪϦĺΪλܣϦĺԼףǰһΪΡ
ַĴ𰸣ʲô
һսΪֽ֣
ַֻȥϦĺ֪ΪˣҷͰᣬƬطɵģֱӹ֮˶ԣֱԵĹ¡ҷķ㻹ս֮˷ӳΪ
ȻַȴǡǡУķ򣬲ƺ⣬ԣϦĺһս
˫ͱӵУ¶һ˿ȤɫһˣѾ̤Ǳˣַ㣬ȡϦĺλö֮ΪǱ˰ʮϯλ
ڴʱַֻоü֮в£սĲַ㷢֣սϵһ֣һʮ֣սףֱӽʮս
ÿķӦٶȡַоȣսŸսƬ̣޸ĸսȼʹüĵսȼףⷴӦٶ̫ˣսѧԺһӴܿϵͳͬһ۹㣬ڲϵš
ַ̧ͷɨΧ֮ˣûж˵һ仰ϦĺѾܹ̬ˣ鷳Ļ׼
ʹ졣̨¶ϲɫҲҪҸսˣַսʮˣһʵЩס
ַӰ磬پǰ΢Цŵ˵ͷл·ˡ
ַ㣬Цݺ㣬ַĴһӡ𣿡
Ȼ⡣ַ΢ЦȡѶ漴һԺлӴ
˵꾣˸ȥʼգַ㶼ûп˫ƣɱ˵֡
ַ㣬˱Ǵ̿;ɣǱ˰ڶϯλ˵ֱɱˣΣյĺܡ̨ȥӰ૵
ȷڲͬ˫֣Ȼ˿ַ΢ЦŵǱ˰ڶϯλ֮ˣʵжǿ
ˣλʵľ磬ӦѾѰ˰ɣһЩͨλʣܹɨɱ¾
ȥսߣǲҪ׽˵ˣҲˡַЦ˵漴սȥսЩ֮ͨɶǿޱȣȥܹںϵ֮ͨ


1752 ʦֵ
ַ㣬նɱϦĺĺǰ֮ˣĿжȻһâϦĺǳŵ康Ǳ˰ʮϯλַɱˣ
ǵģַϦĺϦĺǱս̨ϱַնĿ⿴ģصĵ˵ͷַɱϦĺͬ𾪣˰ʮϯλǿߣһԺնɱ
ʵ𣿡ĺһַΪȥ֮ûгɻʣȻ֮Ϊ
ûСҡҡͷ
ɱϦĺѵûֳʵսĺʵ
ϦĺóսȻ˴սϦĺѾַǰȴ˲Ϣɱȵɻķ򣬾ûбҲᣬ۶ɣϦĺһ
ĺɫ˸漴ڵ֪ˣ֪ͨǳŵˣʱҪȥˣǳţˣ̾ɡ
ɺϦĺȺַԼɱǳٳսǿȥԸַ㣬ʤ˻ãٰܣǳҪ
ȻԸһˣֱܲǳŵһǱ˰һȥԸɣңǼһƢǳĺܣһӡ
ľĸУľͬҲõַնɱϦĺϢǰ꣬ľɫЩãַڿ֮ʱ㷢ײ̤ѧԺҲúַȥƽϣֻǸˣҪԼʹԼѧԺбǿˣһ˰ʮϯλǿߣսѧԺҲ˲СĲ
Ȼַ㲢û˵ɣնɱϦĺЩǰȥַˣַնɱϦĺ̤˰ʮϯλǰʮλͬһѽԼ˺󣬶Ǿַ棬ԣľ߳Ժ䣬üǱ˰ǰˡ
ļ֮УսѧԺǱ˰һ䶯һеģַһսľս
⼸УľһսǱ˰ڶʮϯλ֮ˡڶս˵ڶʮϯλ֮ˡ죬սǱ˰ʮϯλ֮ˡ
սȫʤľ˰ϲǰУǿ̤ʮϯλ˸пĹȻܿ£ѹʥһӵзǷΪݺò磬ֻ䣬츳ʵԺգòˣҲΪ֪
ͬʱΪľÿǰһΣв˵Ҫ䶯һأƶЩ֮Ҳʼһս粨
ַ㣬ΪľǿפǱ˰ʮϯλһλڵʮλ
ַˣʱսĵʮռ䡣
ַѾõٲħǲҪȥ޹ǳڸ֮ͨУ͹ͬս֮ͨȻûһͨǿеģȫӡڹż֮ϣ˹֮С
ַΪ֣ͨӡУͨЧ򣬵սƺڲͬΪ˵ȫеͨȫӡϮȥɣЩżҪһҳҳȥġͲôˣȻˣһܹŪȥ
ս֮ͨȷʵǲѧԺ⣬ڹʥ壬޷˶ĸַֹͨи̾Щ֮ͨʺϸַʹõģһЩ亱ķһܹҵʺϵͨǿᣬ˵ʮ֮ͨǶʴ󾳽磬ΪãλҪӳȫѡ
ӵʷ̵սѧԺ̫ˣͽһս㿰ƾϾʮ棬ǻеط
ѧԺҲַֻ̾ҪʵұȫΪ㿪ţûκƣѹ½֮ˣʥԸ⸰ѧԺ
ս⡢١߱ȭľɱƿϵ߲߽ڣɾͰԵַͨ˿ڴһͨҪڷʹãֱΪࡢ׵Լأַ޵ֹΪһ壬ɾľɱӵǿ
⡣ַ¶һĨ΢Цֻ֮ɾͷˣ׵ԼأѾ޳ɷ򣬶ַܹԷ򵥴ںϱȽѣû·ӳҲеôǿַ룬ںϣҪ֮ͨǣ÷򳹵׵뵽ͨȥںϷǿͨ
ʵַҲ̹ˣϦĺܺõĽڵ˹棬޷ĸܵãںԽӳĹԽǿᣬǰХġ
ľҲķǳãﶬļϵֲͬͨûںϣҲ
˵ַľôðʵȷΪǱ˰ʮϯλһսǷǳɣϵԶ׼֮ʱĶϵƣƼǿˣΪǰĽǿˣϵϲͬͨӳ͸¡
ַͬսʱһٶȡȫܡ
սѧԺżüãѪϡϵĲ಻ϵСҲûǰôԣսֱ۵ģǿ١ǿͨǿǿΪйء޷ңڷ٣ұκ˶ռƣҪģǷͨ򳹵ͨ棬ܽϵںϵһͨǱǿ
ַаѧԺѪûģЩҲ˸ִı䣬̨ͬһĹҲû̫ģǵ۾ʥ໹ΧƷʣɾ͡
ȻһǺϢϢصˣаڽá²ܣǿṥʣ֮壬ȴֱ۵ս֮ϣûκ˳ɻʵһڲͬ
ΪʣǿҲĲӣֶ̫ΣȻҲ߹·
뵽⣬ַ㿪ʼߵһԵǰʼۿľɱ۾С
ʱţ·û˹ϵ
ºֽһֵѧԺˣսѧԺҲ⣬һ󾳽Уʮ̤սѧԺλһΣˣˣȻʦֵܡ
𾪵ǣܿ죬ʦֵܽսѧԺĵڶ죬սѧԺ΢Ĳ˲һǱ˰һȷѪꡣ
һ̤Ǳ˰ʮϯλһʮϯλˣսģͬһˣԭռݵʮϯλˣԼǳţ
սѧԺ˶ѧԺôˣһˡһʦֵ
ùģǼţǳŵ康ַɱ˼£ĺսܣ˵ҲǾ˵ƣ긺𿼺˵ļֵˣԡƵĽ


1753 ںͨ
ǳţ˿вڣľҲڣΪĺһϵҲ˳µļ˼ţΪеһӡ
ʱĺɫڲôƽˣһ˿Į֮⣬һ꿼˶Ÿ𣬽Σͱ¨ӣ裬˵ơ
ǰһαַŰ˵ɡն˵康ϦĺһΣΪЩ棬ǳ˸ǿĵĺǱʮϯλ֮ˣȻսӵʮϯλ䵽˵ʮϯλս԰ܣ˲Ŀǳ澡ʧ
衣ĺ³һԴǳûйȳ֮¡
λΪΣĺڳȺʵ
Ҫҳ𣿡׵һüģü䵶۾΢бһּ֮У˭Ŀ⿴һۣܹоһ
Ȼ⣬ֻǣǳŵڶ˰ϯλԸˣǷΪڸĺƽ˵һȻԴȴҲû̫ԵĻؾ
磬ǿѹ㣬˭ָ˵Ϊϸ壬Ȼȴ͸һ֮С
˵ûҸֱշѹǣ˭Ҷԡһ˸˵
ĺ΢΢˵ͷǳŵȷҪһζˣ򣬲˵սѧԺ֮ˣԼŶὫҵȿˣϴţ˵ǳԽԽˡ
ûóˡһ˱˵
ַ㣬ƺû¶ˡľͻȻ˵ʹֶնɱϦĺļһ
ˣȻҪúòιսѧԺ֮һշѹ£һ⡣

Ҳû˵սѧԺˣȱҪ˽ѧԺ˿ԸѾֱλǱ˰ʮԼʮϯλ̤սʮˣˣͬʱս֮Уңսĵһ㿪ʼ׼ϸսжٹżжʺǵģܹĹ֮ͨ
ʱսĵھŲ㣬ǵʮ㣬ַɳξ֮Уʱеվ֮У͸Źս⣬ʹ·Ҫսȼ࣬ب棬µǣɿֲս֮УſµϢڣ¡˭档
ɱһŭ𣬾֮˫ȭǰɱ֮߱ȭâ죬¡һ죬չ־˫عศɣһ
һ̣еַӰʧɢΣ˹
ľȷһѡַ۾Ҫֲͬ֯һ֮ͨˣȱǧĻڲ࣬ԲںħܹͬµĲ
ֲֿս־ʹϺӳսͬӵΰַ¶һĨЦݣľɱ֮⣬ͬʱ̵ܻ֮˼ͨϺӳսսΣҪ֣Ƿֿޣַ㲢ûãȻַȴ֮ͨԼܻϵһ𣬳ɾ֮ͨԳΪϺӳսΡ
ȻҪ׵뵽ܻͨȥħʹرȽʺϺӳͿռ䷨ƶǿ⹥ͨ
Ҷˣ֮ͨڹżж֮УΪ˵ȡŲߣΪù֮ͨӵиõռ䣬ȥƣһͨͨϡַеͨġӰӣżϼأѣȫҪԼȥ
սѧԺԣ츳ǷǳģͨԼͬļ͸򣬶ңóķҲһԣ֮ͨȱͬʱγֲܴʺԼġ
Ȼ˭ֲַϵ̵ܣˣֻǵѡʺԼͨ
վַ߳˴漴ս·ȥӵʮ㵽ھŲ㣬սҲˣ׼ȥһߣΪսѧԺṩһЩʲôмֵ鱨
սĴ󲿷ѧԱʵ򲢲ѧԺģĿֲ鱨ϵͳ
ַ뿪ãӰսھŲ㣬ʼϷͨƬֻ֮һɫһڵʦ֣ⷨͨǳʺ㣬ֻֻ֮߱ޣֻ֮һֻط֮Ȼܹͷſֲ
ҿ¶һĨɫӹһ̤Ѿ꣬һʣ棬ݾûа仯
ʥݵսѧԺҪҵַ̫ͨˡֿƬ̱̾ʺֻطͨѰַ򱾾ͷǳֻ֮ĥųɾͷġ
ǧԽ޾ֻΪеʥݣʧ¶һĨƽЦ⣬һ·̫ˣ·;УнصΪ˵õ۾ðգ߹żνһҲ̥ǵı仯
ǽգ޷Ƕʦͻ֮ʱܵʹ࣬ԼֻԼֻ֮ʹŵֻط򣬴ؿֻ֣󣬺ͻ֮ʱȻͬ
ֵҲ¶һĨЦ⣺̤֮ǣԤǶйԤԣԤҲֻ֪֮ѣǵ츳־ĻƶϳɻʵĴ¡ԼɾͣǴС߳ʼһ·ڣζѾڼ̤ձԤԵˡ
̤յˣ;ϣֻǣ֪ôˡҲ̾һСʵ̫ˣ֮ǣ޷ᲢۣȻҲͲͬնԶССıԵ򣬻δĳɾͣľҪסˡ
ܺõġ͸ſʵЦݣ΢΢ͷе֮ͨ
ȵһʵǰŴɹ챤򣬽̤֮ƽʦԸСһ̫ƽ
֮£ʦַʦǣҲǵģ֪ǣַǼһﲻ֪ʵˡЦ£ļһʵЩڴأ


1754 ħ
ַһ̤ַΪƵǣսսȼȻһսʤϦĺʱǱ˰ʮϯλսʮս˾żҲ֪ļзֱսǰǿߡ
ӵڶ㿪ʼ㶼һЩֱӼֵ鱨ˣԽϣ鱨ļֵԽߡ
ʱַĵھŲ㣬ǽ֮ϣϢַվһǽǰǰŵּ
ʥݣħ֮أħɱ仯ħצλʵַ㿴ǰʯּ滹жԱħ֮صһЩܣһƬĵش򣬵治ͨУ಻Ըε޾۾ӣʵǿʱһЩʹĵǰ
ħַ૵ҲԱߵһЩ鱨ıʥݵħ֮ˣ߻
һͷļֵǷǱѰϾлиСأСڳɳ׶ΣҪһЩӪһ
ˡַеһ˵սѧԺ˳ȥˣв˻ѧԺ֮УȻҲܿϢѾҲ˵鱨Ϣһб䶯µģַ㵹صϢʱ
ģ㿴ΣʱַһָűħӵϢʵȻעַͬ
Ǳĵ껺ǰһϢ漴ЦûиĻǱȥ￴
˵Ķ΢΢ͷ˶ʮķȥ
ģⱱħ֮أҲͨط˿ЩѶȡ
ǼǳŻжѧԺԵģǰĻӦһսѧԺɣҲдõģʱһЩΣ񣬱ҪһЩ໥ɣһ˵ĻȽΣա
ǳЩ鷳⻹һЩ⣬ܹ˵Ҳ࣬ǰħ֮أҲû̫⡣˿˵漴߳ĵھŲ
žȻҲȤַüͷ΢΢£ĵǱϵǿߣܸߣϯλַֻڲ֪Ǽŵˡ
ַ̧Ų漴Ҳȥħ֮أ˴λԼһǰȽ׵㲻̨ˣϾյأ̫ðա
뿪ַ֮㳯սѧԺȥˡ
ַ׼뿪սѧԺʱ򣬺Լվս˳ֽõֻ߱£Ҳõһǵͨ˲δ̰࣬׼Ȼȥͨ
ʦ֣㿴ȥǷǣնźһ֮ǴЩսѧԺϢݺݵսһսǲĵһŵˡ
ȥɣʱֿ˵յҲûʲôһȥ
ǲǶʦֵôʱԶϳ˺Լɵÿ˵
ȷ˿ǷǳǱ˰ʮϯλǿߣռǱʮԼʮϯλ
֪ǰΣǰˣҲһʵǿᣬĹƺ׼սǰǿ˰ɡЩ˲ϵ˵ţֺˣҲȥᣬǰǺθɣʱǻ֪еһˣһֱء
ַŶľ͵ĹŷնУٶȿ쵽µĵز֮ʥݣʱַ׳֮Уһ֮ǣһĵ۹
ħ֮أλʥƫ˳Ϊַ㼴ľ͵Ĺŷɻ˲ʱƬçĵش
ʱַ¿գ֮ӲݴԽǰߣԽǻߣ̡
ڣǰһŵ֮⣬оеħʹַаǱħӡ
ŷַ¿նȥƬħ֮أһЩµĹշУַ㵣ĻᾪһЩĹǵ͵ǰбȽϺá
ħӡַ㿴Žµĵ棬ṳ̂ڵϣڰգçĵش
ޣĿ⳯һȥַֻоǷһ¡¡Ŀֲ촫漴ַֻһȻҰ֮УȻһ޴ţַδţ£ǣ˿ֲ֮С
֪ţ³һ漴ٶȶȻӿ죬ַ˹
ַͫ΢΢ţһʣǿΪΪ֪
һǿϢַ֮ϣȻʱһĿĹâ漴ֻһֲֿâɱ£ƬգţܵɿֲϢ֮ʱХһŭתħ񷡣
ͣߴɱ£ַ屬ˣһҵĺַֻţ屻ն
ֻһӰ̤磬콣âţֲֻȫӡţͷ­ʱХֹסͷţݺݵĳ¿׹ȥ
һţ׹ţַǰģһλòŮӣһ˫Ŀǳ£ͦǣ΢ΣˮӣҰӣϸֻŮǳЦȻܽһͷţУֱţȥ
Ľַ㿴һնɱţˣһ꣬޳ͷ𣬴ż֮⣬һʷǷ
⻹һ꣬ɫۣ棬Ȼţûз֣˲նɱɼ˾Ѱ֮
֮ˣǵɫ꿴ַ㣬¶һĨŹֵɫȻȴŮЦʲôˣô
ߡַƽĻӦһ
ҽսѧԺǰ˵ΪǿһУҲܹӦһŮ΢ЦŶַ˵ַĿ˸£漴΢΢ףҲûоܾм˽Уν
ַɫ˸սѧԺƺȷһˣǱϳֹھĸλãַ㵹Ǽǲֻɨһۣû֮
Ǻã߰ɡ΢ЦԵ÷ǳַżһǰУǰ
ҲΪħԶ·;УַЦʵ
˵ħԳ֣ǰҲ֮ġַоλŵĲ֮⣬Ҳûʵ
ħԳ֣ĴѧԺӦöõϢ²սѧԺǰǿߣΪδʣȻ̤ħ֮أʵң±Ҫţˡ
ͣǲ˸оַҲͲÿɷ


1755 Ѫ
ַһǰУţŮӺǰַŮЩͬǳ飬λǿȴΪĮԹƺôϲ˵Ҳûиַɫż̸Щ顣
ŽŲħǰУԽԽǿңַû˵һ仰ԼϢ֮ضȥ⾪ħеһЩǿޡ
Ȼͬ˵սѧԺˡַ·;п˼Ӱ໥䲢δţ߲ͬ·нš
𣡡ڴʱԶпֲնݣΧĲľɪɪĲţһɿֲħԶ͸һɹȷ硣
ˡɫ΢΢£漴ٶȶȻӿַҲٳǰڴʱֻǰһ޴ԴɫԴһߣ³ȷ磬ֲǿҵĸʴ
˻˻ֻǰһȻ֣ʹַ˵ͫ΢΢£ȫɫߣ¶ĿֲʴʹƬռ䶼ˡ
ɢ˵ʱԵλ˲Ϣͬʱ壬ڿն
ַͬգĿǰֻǰǧ֮أӰڣ㶼ӰĴѧԺˣϾĴѧԺ鱨ֲ֮ʱ̽鵽
ЩӰм䣬һֲＸףǣڵħ·Ǻħʯ˫ޱȾ޴ͫ͸ź֮⣬ΧȺ
Χһػ֮ϣͬŲӴʬ඼ߣȻҲ֮
̫ˡʱһһѪɫѿ
ǵÿˡһĿȻѧԺֻж̶̼죬ѾΪѧԺˣʵǿᣬ츳ֲ˵ŶĹʥҺ󱲣һʱλ̤λʣٶ˾
߻־ػι̣Գơ磬˿̵˿ֲ⣬ҲŶеǰ͵ͬһŻʰ㣬侲ǿᡣ
Ƕ³һû뵽ոɱ仯ͲǰΧЩǿߣ
ɱһ³ʱХЩ߶Χǿɱȥ
һֳܷܷǰɱʱһֲֿĻţ⳯ŰɱͬǧɫĻߣ˻˻Ĳҽֲֻ߱Ľɫâ˲ϢǧٿףһϢ
ַ㿴а̾һλǿߣ£ԸλʣֱԷͨɱ
λҲͬǳһ˻ӽնǧ⣬ɱһͬóϵ͹սռϷ硣
ַ㣬ƺûʲôˣ˵ս
ȻҲʥݡַ㿴ǰӰҲԤ֮е顣
λʵߣЩѧԺɱ¾ġ
Ⱥɱ֮󣬷׷׳ǰȽѾںսزһŭХܺɽӡѿɽ壬ϹŻ־죬ʹֲϢÿһͬŻ㣬ǿʢ
˻ʱֻһ͵ĳַĶޱȣַŲǰһ̤˿塣
磡֮ʴʱȷ綾Ҷء
ɱַŭХһʱ֮гһֲֿϺսշһУͬ͵ĲΣշȥ߾βɨȻϺӳշһжҪշѹ˲ϢշѪѡ
ȻȴַֻӰ磬ֱ̤ϣ漴һŭ֮оͷ֣һֲ˻ȫ˹ȥѪ⣬Ƭ̹򣬱㽫û
ˣַӰ磬Я꣬һ߶ȥ̤ϺӳսڣЩԭʼ߸޷ֵշѹɱ󱻾û
ЩƬħ֮أϲΪˣԭʼӴʵҲƫֻ츳ͨЩȴ⣬˿˿֮Ѫܹɱ䣬Ӷü¡
ħߣѪַԣ֮̡ܲ
һڸʲôע⵽ַ㣬˶źڰΧ˹ȥ˵ãæɱߣ̵ֱǶַʵҲΪ̾շѹɱ׾١
Ϻӳսַ㲻ͣɱߣ¶һĨ֮ɫϺӳսƺǿˣһﾹҲսѧԺˣǰû˵Ӧ˰ɡ
䣡צһ˵Դϣֱ֮ץˣʱһλǿ䣬ʹ˰ѧԺ񣬿ɲô򵥣ž޴Σգʵÿ£˵߻ҪȽ٣ʹȫɱ䣬Щǿ˲ֹһ
Щƺַûйϵ㣬ɲϵɱź֮Ѫߣ̵֮ʱĻŹħͬʱѪʹȺΪ죬ڣѵҲ֮Ѫ
ڴʱһɿֲĶֻ˳ȥޱȿµҲѪˡ
ࡣһֲֻĺڰצַץ˹ʹַͫ΢΢£ħâϿյȻпħٹҫ
þַӰ㣬˷ŷ֮ͬ㣬צƮ漴һȭݺݵĺ˺һƤ⡣
ֲצץַӰͬһˣ磬κλᡣ
ַ㡣ﶢǵӰע⵽ַˣȻʥݣ֪̤һѧԺ
˺ô󵨡аǲû뵽ԽΣ̫ˣ£һץ͵֮ء
ַ͡͡һϢͬһֲĥַնȥҪַû
ᣡû뵽ַô鶯СٵϣĽɫ⻪˺ĴƤ⣬ʹ˻𲻶ϣѾ⵽ǿĹˣֲһ̶ȣѾЩһС
˿ڹһµĹûأȫȥַ㿴һĻһβ˷Ϻӳսο͵Ľɱħͬʱ嵽ϣͬʱſ޿ڳ˿˺ҧȥݺݵ֮Ѫ
𡭡ŭ֮ķȺ׷׺˲ҿַ˺ҧڶԷϣʹη޼¡
ɱʱ˶ַ㣬â˸ѪǷǳ֮ַ㾹ڿ


1756 
޴ͫ˸Ҫɱַ㣬ƽַ㳯һ͹ȥ
ַĿ˸궸Ȼ뿪ַЮ쫷籬ˣͬʱϸ˫طס
䣡һֲַϣʹըѣַˣθɫһâ
𣡡ƺַ㣬צӶһµħ֮쫷֮гַնɱȥʹնذͬʱǿµַɱ˹ȥ
󡣡ַͫױ忪ʼˣ̤գһһӡʹճֹơ
ٵˡֻһǿɫâ׷ɱַȥף˿ǿԽԽ࣬ٲ֣ûлᡣ
ˡһֲֻ֮гһɫ裬¿ֲȫһƽɫ˿ߡ
ա˴裬ֻ跢ֲâ˲ϢҪ뿪֣̼һɿֲϢϣʹ˻һɿס
𡢺𡭡ХҪ־ЩǰС
תȥ޴ֲħгŽɫն˳ȥȻУȴûκ졣
ߡһǿ߳Ƚûǿϣ໥ɵûиҶȫ˿ʼʹñˣ˶ûмŶ֣ǶףҲӦľ档
һĿ֮ţ˶ʼһʱƬռſֲϢʹǴɫɫ΢΢һоһɿֲѹ
ַͫ΢΢ħ䣬ͬһħ⸲ǣâҪѡ
âһʱԼ˱ַ̫׷׳ַ֮С
˱̫֣̫ʥ屦ֻһɫȻ䳯ַ˹ȥ˺ȻǺһ𣬽âնţꡣ
̫ʥ塣ַ㶢ˣѹǽֲ̺̫֮⣬ǿ󣬴˾Ȼ̫ʥ֮ˡ
̣Ŷˣɱ̫͡ʥǿ߶ַ㣬ʹò˶׷׽ĿַϣŶһλǿߣọ̃ɱٹʥˣڴ˵˵ƺַ㣬ôϤϾʶ֮ˣżȻ˵ܿͻԺ
Ȼǿܲǵַ㣬һ̵֪ġ
ַ˿̿û˼ȥЩʲôһʱţâ˸֮֮
ַ֮֮У漴̤̼һ·۶ɡ
֮ˣô˵Ϊֻ侳磬ֻƿ˷Ŀ⿴ַ㣬¶һĨ֮ɫҲ˵֮˵ģû뵽ˣʵǳ
𡣡һХ֮˳ֻ޴֮ץǽ̺ȥȻֻЦһҪյڣûгֵ˼һз
ȻҪҪˣХַֻһǰУЩ໥ɵʸ֮ģôͷ񣬾ɡ
˲Ϣ¿գ漴ַֻŲݺݼ̤֮ϣʱþ֣޴̶棬Ҳֽȥˡ
ңʹŽ꿴һĻͫʱֲâ̶סˡ
ʱĻþ棬ַֻ㽵ǰһʹö磬Ƭռֽ֣ȥ
աַ³һʱͬһʧ˻þ档
˶Դַ㣬ֻСʧֱַһöֱӳ֮ң⡣
áȺͫ΢΢أַʲô顣
ն֮Уһ̫â֣̫âնһУ͸֮ңҪնַ㡣
˱̫һҫ۹âն˳ȥͶԷ̫ʥ֮ײһʹճһַ³ֹŷǰݣеһжڵʯ䷢쵽˼飬û뵽ַ㾹Ȼһ˲佫ˣ֪Ƿ
ŭһʱһɿֲַϣַֻо־ڶȻȴЦٶ󱬣ŲƶٶŲһξ룬ŷٶ˿
ˡȺ׷ȥŷٶֲ̫ˣټַʹڶݵɲǾ˾롣
׷һӰַ׷ȥеı඼ǹԵģ޷׷ϳľַĹŷܿ㱻Խ˦ԽԶʱַӰûټ
çĵشһƬħʯ룬һ֮УȫգһƬƺһص
֮У»ߣַǰ޴ͫĶ
ҵ硣ַ㿴Į˵
Ҿͻ硣ϢʱһɿֲгϺȥͬʱһۣȻ˫޴ͫȴ΢΢¡
ô£ﲼʲôͫ׶ַ㣬޷ط
磬Ҳܵطֻƾ㣬ͬ޷طҵ硣ַͫĮʱһɿֲ֮⽵ϣʹ޴ͫ׸һ֮⣬оôܣķûôǿŶԡ
䣡ϵַŶʱʹͫԽԽ󣬺ö෨ôܣ˿̷һУȫ߸֪
ɱŭһħ³նַ㣬ȻȴַӰ磬˲Ϣʧԭأ޷κ
ַŭһʴħַֿЦؽӴķ֮ʱڷ޷õ䣬ݽߣֻʣһ
ͬΪԵʣȻ޷ط򣬵ķ򲻻ݽߣķȡ֮֮ߣܹ޲䣬ֻ޷طһȱ
ŭХƳŴغȥֲ綯ҡַɫһ£֮Ϊ֮ȣַף˵СףĽ̫ǿץһܺ䱬磬֮ƿ
ҵҪֵܼʱַڿգһڣϺսͬΣɱȥͬʱһɹɴ֣䱻ѣϺսݻϺս
ȻַǺģҪĵֻʣһ壬׸


1757 ȴ
ħ֮أ˶ַ㣬ȻħҪҳһ֮ѣַѾ뿪Ҳ˵
˾һԵ̫ʥǿɫ͸żսѧԺǻѧԺ
ҪΪУʵ
̫ʥϵѪҲӵа˱ַ̫֣ɱͣرɱ̫ʥǿߣܷŹ˵
㣬Ǳ˰ǰʮȥԸһˣҿ˵֡Ц˵
ãԻ赭Į˵漴һӰħŲȥ
ǣַ֪սѧԺкüλսѧԺҲ׷̤սѧԺ׼ȥַ㡣
ַԼСУһֲ֮ϣʱ˻𲻶ϣȴΣ֮ϵķַĿݽߣ磬ɻ֮ʱط壬ʹ˾ͺƬһģԵطҲԴԴĲݽߣһ粻УķѾľֻʣ¿ֲĹţַ֮Уǿᣬ޷вַ㡣
䷨򲻶ϵĳ룬ʴ˵ĲλͣûзֻֿһıᣬǿĹԴԴԶͣ£ܣַ׷Ƭռƣ·Ǳַˡ
ҪʬΡ˻·ĴԵϵǴС˿ڣǱһ˿ڣǱַԾ̹ģԽԽޱȡ
ҪٷˣΪ˳ɾͬ࣬һַʽġַ㿪˵漴Ϸ·һףѪڣ漴ַıһͷԴҡϣһڰ˫۾ƺ͸ۡ
ͷɫһַڣȻһĺڰħ
ûһֱҵѪţҵܹںϣһɳ죬㼴㷴Ҳͽַ͡㶢ͫױĮ˵ֲҲ޷ټ̫ˣվҪҺ𡣡
˶ͫ׵͸һĨ֮⣬Ҳַ˵ʵʵǿᣬԵֻ֮£뵽˫֮ͫ¶˿˿̤ٻҪΪ˼ô
Ҫˣֻͽ޹ʹܡַͫױǰҲֱԱݻ㣬ܲסĻѾˣĻұ㲻ٿˡ
˱ֹ̫âţϢֲַȷԸɱɱ˵Ѫ㲻ôмֵˡ
ٶȳ֣ͷſֲѹ׵£ַ㳯ܰɣѪܹ棬㱣һ־Ѫ֮УܹԶӵһƲɢ־
漴ͷХնݣãͷ­ַ㣬ãҳȫ
ѡǶԵġַ˸ϣ֣漴Хȥ
ʱ֮󣬶֮Уֲħ󣬷ϣֻ֮Уһڵħڻۣ
֮⣬ľҡľϣ·ɽʯԼֲħ֮²
¡һ촫ֻһӰӶг̼䣬Ŀħٻ۵øǿ
ַħƣȫħ⣬̧ͷ񷣬ֶһֲħɱ£ʱᴩַʹַ϶кɫâҫ
䡢䣡һħַ֮ϣַȻ壬ħٺɱԽԽǿϵħҲԽǿʢ¡
ڣɢַվ֮УĴħѣӿ¡
Ȼʱһʹַͫ΢΢ŷ֣Ԧŷ뿪ŪôĶټͣˡ
սѧԺ֮⣬վߣսѧԺˣҲѧԺ֮ˣ˫ûзͻƺڵȴʲô
裬ȷַѾʱĶһѾϵ˼ŵһЩˣ׼ǰħ֮أȴ·;ǣǴħ֮عһʲŵַ֪ϡ
ַ㣬ֿϤĺܣǰǼŵ˦硣
ûлػֻɨһۣǱ˰ǵϯλΪϣģһֱǲģվһջᳬԽ
ļɫɵЦ裬ôҲ˰ߣҼſɺãαظһŮ˴һţܹ򡣡
ĪҪΣܿս˵Ǳ˰Լϯλ֮˶ǼŵģֱΪǰġ
ʱӭ΢΢Ц
֣ڸʲôءʱһӰԶߣһϯۣһ˫ͱӵУЦĿߵˡ
սѧԺ֮Ŀ̧𣬿ˣ¶һĨɵ֮⣬˿̾һΣյĺܡ
СҲڡĿ⿴΢΢ͷ
СͲ𣿡ü΢䣬žڻûмκɣңŰɡ
вУС㣬һϣʱСɾĲˡЦ˵ĿǼѧԺȺϣЦʵ˭ҪսսѧԺ𣿡
˵սѧԺǱϵĴ̿;˫һҪɱˣ𣿡һ΢Цſžʵ
ȻҶô˵ӦǼٲ˵ġɺЦӦһ
лᣬһ뿴µ˫֡ʵһҰ֮
Ҳ˵ѧԺʯѪʱӦǰħ֮Ŷô΢Ц˵һ漴Ŀ⻷ˣ漴ЦˣսѧԺ˵õˣȣѧԺҲЩĵģҪȵõ˻սѧԺ
Σʯ㼸
ûʲôҾͿ֡ʼ磬漴Ų̤ߵһȥǿֵġ
ַԲ֪սѧԺ֮أֻŷֱսѧԺſǰһӰվǣƺڵ
ŷͣ£еַ㿴ǰˣȻЩ˭
Ȥַ㣬ɵ¶һĨµɫһﾹȻеõѵãûʲôȤҲ֪ҪƾԼԸǲܵģ


1758 Ե
ڻˡһַǰĿĮͫȴ̫ͬһһȡ
ַĿɨһۣͫ͸˿˿⣬Щ˵ǹȻڴ˵ص
ˣҪΣַ㶢裬Įһ
㽫ʲô֮УܷҵһۡĿⶢַ㣬˵˷׷ǰѾнַΧסơ
սѧԺλܣţҪѧԺһôսѧԺĴ⡣ַĿ͸һĨ⣬ɨΧȺսѧԺˣģҲǼ֮ˣһˣȻѧԺ֮еġ
ΧսѧԺߵΣɵöפôΧһˣΪȤǵĶԻƺΪеھŲ˲֪Ĵڡ
ʥĴѧԺйأѧԺҪսѧԺ̤ѧԺս˫ս̨սʱֻ˵ĿڵڱѧԺˣǱ˰͵߶ڣǱǿߣôΧһѧԺҲȤ
ƽʹЩͫ΢΢£ôˣΧַһˣȷʵôÿ
˶ǲܷŹӦ
Ȼжܡƽͬһ̰㣬ʹɫӲ£ʱôڱַȷǴˣ˶ڿַ㣬δ뵽ַ˲佫ˣ漴ߡ
ַ㿴˾һۣһﵹҲǸˣ̿;ƺҲء
ҪĻǱȥսѧԺɡַŲǰ̤ɫһſֲ̫֮⣬ҫ۶Ŀ͵̫â̫ͬʥǿһֲ̫֣֮âǰַ̤նɱ
ַͫױ׳֣˫ȭɱʱϺӳսͬͺХΣշѹնֲ̫շ̫֮Ϻս֯ײ
ַֻ㲽ɣûжκη֮£ȻַֻܺӲᶯñδ档
Ųͬǰ̤̫֮·Ҫ˶ȼ
ɱŭһʱһַŭХȥҪԻ潫ַȼû
ַһʱħסȻȴҪƼ
þַӰ٣þɱͬ״ħ˺ѵ
ն֮ϣҫĿ֮նɱ£̫ʥ۶ɣǧӰͬʱɱ
ַоһǿѹʵǱǰʮϯλͬѰѵأҲǼΪǿᣬͨλҲܻɱ
ַϣȻ䱬һɿµĲս⣬˵ħս⣬ͬһħ㣬Ĳͬʱ˫ͫ׻֮ͫƮݵһ˲䣬ַʱˣ񣬾¡
ɱ֮ͿֲͬʱɱطƣâңַӰڿգһУʹɫַӰֻоԵĲһˣһµ
ľɱɫ΢û뵽ַ㾹ľɱζӵϵķҽͨںϵһŶ
֮ͬٵַ㣬񶯵ֻоһɲɵֵ־ʴ룬ͬʱϮĽŲˣȴַԼǰУŭһϺӳսκɱշ񷡣
ҫĿʥ֮ųµѤâϺս÷飬ȻɫȴѿַЦһԹ̤սѧԺ̤ȥ轩Ӳ壬ûȥ׷ʥ֮ȴ΢΢Щ
ļһȻȵʹʥ֮Ⱥ˵Ľͫ΢вַ֪Ŷ֮ˣȴɾϵʱƺѾֳַ֮ط򣬵ֻķ򣬾Ȼܹǿᵽ̶ֳȣҸûпݽߵļ󣬲֪δɻʵܹط
Ҫ֪֮ˣɾ˷޶ȵģΪûоܹ콵ϴûкشͨǼȡٶȺַǿᷨƺܹԴԴϰ㣬ΪԵʰɡ
裬֮ˣʤǳ£̫ϣ´ŬԽ΢Ц˵漴ҲսѧԺȥΧ˷׷̤սѧԺʱַʵ֮ǾͲַˣʹ˸ղűֳսѾǿˣ衣
Ǳ˰ϯλ֮ˣҲˡٲһ䳰ȷ漴Ҳ֮ǰ̤ȥаȸղֳַǿַ㽻棬֪սֻΣȻ֣͸ղֳַǿưԵͱˣǴλãҲӦˡ
ǰ漸˶ܵĲԩĺܡа˵Ƭ֮ˣһӰȫսѧԺڣЩѧԺûսȴѧԺ֮һʸ̤սѧԺʥĴѧԺĹء
ĴѧԺ֮ˣѧԺ棬ȻսֵطͲ̤ˡ
ô£ʱսѧԺ棬һ˹ַ̤ǰ澹һȺ˸ţɵ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ϵãǰǳڿ֮ʱĹ̤ѧԺֶŵˣʵȤĺܡ
˵ַɣ˵ˣŶˣںºǿҪٻλչһȻлʽٴڣ첻ɻʣҪҲ죬ǿƳɾϵʱŶսѧԺֳСķ粨ѹʵô
һЦ˵漴ҲȺĶ飬Ҫʲô
ʽ֮ˣ֮սѧԺǱϵˣδ̫˰ɣ
ǺǣѾóˣϾĸ֮δɻܹɾϵģ˵𣿡
ûû˵ֻ˻ʽ٣վҪֹסǱ˰񣡡
۷׷ףȺŵӰȻ


1759 
ַʱǱ˰ս̨֮ϣַͬǷһǳ˹עս
ǳΪαѧԺ裬澡ʧǳǿԼ뼧ŵĹһǰԺʦֵܣ˵Ϊ֪ǿ֮Ϊ֣ǿɮգպжԺֵĳƺΪʦ֡
Ǳذϵǳŵĺ˹սңвǳ֮ߣⳡսսֻʤսܡ
ͺֵսǼź˼ĶԹĹյսֿ˵ʱ˼ײֺշͷľͬǿˣһ·սÿαʤѾ˽ڣһստ
ǿֱӾܾսģ֮ȨܾûУȻӦ˴˴ս֡
ˣӰ̤ս̨֮ϣĿһɨʦֵܣ˵
ֽŲһ̤ⲽ̤Ǳ˰ս̨Ʈô棬ϲޱΨм֮ġ
ͬʱһߣٻӰ棬ľ̤ͬ˰ս̨Ŀңա
˫ֺʮϽӣҲս̨ȥսͬʱС
ȤҽսѧԺҲЩˣǴûмȤͬʱʦֵ˶ǳңǲǳʥݴ·սȺһӰ૵ս̨ϵս
˰ǿߣȡʤɡ
ϴսʹõֻطַǼΪϱȻѪһҲֻأ츳ǿᣬȻǵ֮ʱȴһֱ޷Խ޷ֻط򣬴ֻܹأȻзǳ֮
ֻأȷʵ֪Ρһ˵˵
ʱս̨֮ϣսѾţֱ޷ǰԵ׵Լռ˫طͬŭƬ˲䱻û޾֡
ּԦֻطΧսһֻ֣֮âɱնֻأҲҪûֻ֮У޵Ԩ
һ֮УһռĻɿ׵У漴ɱͬ׽١
ննֻĻû׵Ҳ޷ҡˡ
ֻءȺĿ΢˵ķǿѾ˰֮أҲطزȻ˫ϵһҪֻԨ޷ֻء
Ų̤Ҫֽսһ׵ӿȫɫף޾ռ·Ҫ
ֻɡ³һֻطϣһ֮ҪطԸôܣΪоԵĲֱ࣬ӵطշѹַ
ޣɣ³һʱֻɱԷϵķҪֱڣӷֿ
ɫ΢䣬׵˲ɱֱţǹɿֲı֮
ֻء֮·֣彻ڣֻأʹùֱӱֻС
ǿֻطֻأ̫ˡ˿һĻɫһ
һߣպľսݣľļ֮ľ򣬴ﶬ⾳ǧӴ仯ɮԪһͬһ桢Ȼ壬ŷҫ䣬޾Ĵ³һһޱáֺ仯
ߵĿֲսԶв˹̤û˹עһȻַˡ
ַ߽ߵʱɫ΢΢һӿٶȣ˲ϢȺ֮Уս̨ϵˣȾϲ˫Įͫ׶Ȼʧȡ֮ǲõЦ⡣
ʦֺʦ־Ȼˡַ㿴ս̨ϵĺֺգʦɺ͵һӢˣʦҲһ͸żֲַ㾪ϲ˵ʵǿһ·ǶǷǳףࡣ
ĵ˿ս̨ϵľ¶һĨ֮ɫ˱ǼҪѵôս˵ǿᣬľ档
սѧԺˣ˼ֻɮˣԽԽˡ
ĺǳ֮վһĿⶢս̨֮ϣĺɫ糣ƽҲ΢вľʵģλһ磬ĴѧԺ޷ۣ棬λʼûеֵģλһս
ģˡʱĺһ˿ڣʹĺɫ΢Ŀ⿴ŲԶȥֻһӰۣ˺ᣬϵƺܹŵİĿһС
һҲǱ˰սȤĺеЦһǰǱ˰һ֮󣬱δǱ˰ս̨ϹҲû˸սˡ
ǿ츳ǷʵԺյıУһֳ
ǣǱ˰һϯλ֮ˣǿƻܾõһӴ˰˸ս
һͷüǼΪעĿ׵ܵܡ
ǡڹսͬʱ۾鵽⼧һۣɵͫ΢΢£ǾȻˣѾһʱûпǱ˰ս̨ϣ˵ѾλʣĿѲ˰񣬶Ǳذ
бŵЦ⣬ֺͫȻ΢΢漴Ŀ⳯żȥĿ⵱һĨɫǰڴУˣֻܾǱڶϯλңƺӵֻλϣֻҪмһ컹Ǳ˰֮ϡ
ǵƽĺܣߵĺߣĿ⿴ս̨ϡ
ôĺż
ļҲһֱҼ𡣡ǵ˵ʹĺ¶һĨЦ⣬ĹˣҲ䣡
û˵ֻǿս̨ϵľ


1760 ˴ս
ǣ㿴ɮ빫ս˭ʤĺżǵʵ
൱ȻļҲд֮ľҲǿļɣȫɮԲǵ֡ƽ˵ʹĺ¶һĨЦ⣬⼧Ƕļҵ˽⡣
ƺսʤˡĿ⿴ͺֵսƽ˵
Ŀ⳯ǱȥĺҲüǺֵķͲ٣صֻط彻ڣƻֻأʵֻĻֹȥ֮һֻؽ⣬֮ӵ֮
ľսʱһֲɫӡľɱȥʱľϱһֲһɿ˷ļ֮һ̣պӡļ֮ڣͬʱǹɱգֲλǿҲ޷ס
áַͫ΢΢ľھȻһ˿µǿ֮һ˲䱬ʦ޷ܵס
ɣջʱͷ޾ɫâһľϵշ֮ϣ𶯲ݣ죬˫͸룬ʹ޴ѣͬˣͬʱ³һɫӡ
𣡡һ񷡣
˿̱ȵսˣսӽֻɨһգĿһâ
ͬս̨Ǳ˫սɡ˵վֱնȥʹúɫһȷɱâ֮նɱͬʱСġ
ȻҲܵɱǰľڱǿϢҲɱִټѡ
ٶȸֹ֮⣬ɫ帲ǣס
䣡׻ϣ۶ɵķ˲
ɡս̨·ַ͵ϴֱӴ͸գһξ룬ֱӳԡ
Ϻӳսιֱַٶһöͬʱʧֱӳս̨Ե֮ء
ľĹַķλը·𽫿ռ䶼ҪѾûӰ
ռŲƣȺͻһĻ£ôͻȻһˡ
ַ㡣ϳַ㣬ⲻǰѧԺˣΪγս̨֮ϡ
ַ㡣տҲ£漴ԴһĨЦݽš
ʦַ֡ͬЦˣһˣټ֮ʱУǧ֮ԾҲ֪Ӻ˵
ááЦ˵ĿתŹĺ֣Ц˵ʦַ֣㡣
ַ֪㡣ְһۣЦ˵һﵱ۾Ϲô
ʦַ֡㿴ź̤ͬ㣬ɣâҫˡ
ʦ֡ʦ֣Ⱥ˵ĶԻɫһǰ̤սѧԺַ㣬ǰ̤սѧԺĺʦֵܣҲʦֵܣ
ˣʦֵܣ
˭̳ĵӣѵҲǹʥǿа˵ˣǶսѧԺһɷ粨Ǳ˰񣬱⼸˽һȷѪ꣬βϵı䶯ţʹЩսѧԺǱ˰֣սʱС
ټս̨ϵľĻ˿̶վս̨ˡ
㣿ľַ˾ۼһɫһ䣬ȻǴˡ
Ǳս̨㾹սɫ䣬վնַ㡣
֮ˣҲʸսַ̨Ŀһɨ˵˺ͺ棬ѾڰܾȴͻȻ˵Ҫ˫ս͵Ϯա
Ǳ֮ˣֱǸЦַ˵ʹɫ䣬ڴʱĽŲһ̤Ҳս̨㵨ͻȻ֣Ǳս̨ϵս֮
ַһɨǰӰͫĮȴΪսȴͻȻɳ֣֮Ȼˣս̨֮ϣһˣͰ˵ǰ㣬ٶսսҪǣ˿ͬ
սͬ
ȺֵĻĿ΢ͣòˣսͬսѧԺֹģǺİɡ
⻰Ҳִܹܵ˵ǿţǶԷӦʣǿɱǾ˵ˡ
ǵݣ֡աַ㣬ֱΪǱ˰ʮʮԼڶʮһϯλȻָղŵĿսѾԽҲǿᣬַδ֪
վŵˣġľǱ˰ֱ塢ԼʮϯλȻľսɲô򵥣͸ղͷŵǹɿֲη·ûгų
ּȺսʵ˸Ȥ˶¶²ɫǺǱȻǿսǿȡ
սѧԺмǿԼһܵĻԼΪɣսܽɱκ˲ø棬ýӶݷսѧԺָ֮˱ؽ֡
ˣһԣսѧԺǺٻǿţ˲Ӧ˫ţԼ
ò񡣡ɫĿ⳯ĺľ˿ȥ
Ĺǧ֮ЩԵۡĺĮ˵ľݷͬһ㣬˵ʵǿᣬǺҲƲ磬Ƕľ֮⣬ľаĲˡ
սսսȥǧ֮һƤҶѡʣĮ³һ
֪˵ĻսɣҲգУûκɱļֵľ䣬ʱһɿֲϢŶ
ԼľɢɫĮϢ׼˻ս
ַ㣬Ը˭ֶַһ˵ַֻΪʦܵʵֻܹΪôǿַɳģңսѧԺַֻ䣬̤սѧԺ
ַĿ˸£ֵֻԸľԸַսɡ
ԡ΢΢ͷľڵǿ
áַ˵ͷǻսĻ˭ս˭ƺ̫壬ֶһ


1761 ̤
ɢͬԼǰ㣬ֶľնַġ
ȻǻսôǿԽдģΧˡ
˴սν˰𼶱սˡȺаţЩ˼̤˰ǰʮʵǳ¡
㿴սһʤ·֮Ѿʼ֣̽²ʤ߻Ǻˡ
Ĺóļ֮ڻӵһɿֲƺص䣬ǿ£ֻҲͬǱѰ֮սڴΪĹʤգΪʤЩˣҲǱ˰ϯλǿߣӦսʤַ㣻սƣҿüһ
ô˵λѧԺʦֵǲһ
ܹͼǳǿ߿⣬ֵѾԺˣսܣҲһҫ˸Сǡ
λַԼĿ˿Σ˭˵˭
Ŵսʦֵ˵ΣսѧԺǰδֹɡһ˵Ц˵ⳡսȷʵǳرء
˰ս̨֮ϣɪ֮ö˵ĳۣľͺϣļֻ֮֮ͬʱţŶԷɱȥǿ󣬶ҼΪѤ
գͬײǹͰԵսѧԺսУǹͨ඼ս·ԹǿƣսѧԺս
ŶϺӳսľɱޱȣͨҲһ
۵ȭ۵ȭŵһɲǣַܹĸܵͨĿ֮
³һʱַоǿʴ壬غХ
ַͫĮΪó۵ȭȻƿ˫طַԣʴӰ
ɱϺӳ֣սοޱȣϺӳսַַĴ߶֮£ٶȿֲսţûء
𡣡۵ȭսһʴһУַս֮ǰУȼտ²ħս⡢̺ʡ
䡣ַ䣬ͫף־ʹ־ҡ
ɡַµͫ͸ĵʹ־ҡøַԽԽˡ
죡ȭâ죬ʱն߱ͬʱնɱͬѽϣҪݿࡣ
һôô෨Ⱥע⵽ߵսɫһ¶֮ɫħ򡢷֮򡢴ط׵編򡢻ص䷨˷ʤڹţķ·ֻܱ
ϣȥַ˫ͫףԼ֮־Ǵ۾ȥӰ־սӣ޷ս
۵ȭҵĺɱʹΧնһƬû֮ڴŵŵ֮ȭƷַ㿿
٣ַƲʱħƬ֮Ȧֲħ͸Ż֮⡣
þַһħʼþʹƬϵıַӰ̤ǰУ̤أʱгһʥ֮⣬һַʥ̤һһӡ
ַһ̤֮ʱϿʼסͬʱ޾Ƴַ壬ʹϢ·ڱǿᡣ
ַӰȻӿ죬տٳһ⣬ַ˳ǰɫ԰ף۵ȭɱַĹײһȻֻϣһϺӳսγڰ㣬ݻ
һıԶԶȥʱţϲҰףѪ䵽ս̨Χ֮⡣
Ⱥû뵽һսľȻַĵսսôĿ񱩡ôѸͣսʼҲֻǼʱ䣬ַݿ࣬Ļܣ˵Ԥϡ
Ǳ˰ϯλȻ˿̣ϯλˡȺаַ̤սѧԺûðɣֱǱ˰ǰʮңһս֮󣬺۴սʤܣҲǱ˰ǰʮģϾղźĽռϷ磬δʤǱˣԻ۶ϣֻҪ̤Ǳս̨Ǿͻᰵע
Ҳ˵һս֮ˣܿᶯҡ
պսǳң˶Ӳ䣬޷𣬹Ϊ֮ס
һսȽַսʤһֵַĻսˡа˼ţսֱͽֻ֣Ҫַ֣ܹ˲һߵϾַʵǷǳµġ
ȻҲһ˿ɫΪÿҪսҪ˼һսַ㡣
ɸһսպݺײһ
ղ㱰͵ϮʱȴҪ޳֮˵Ҳˣ£ַˣԸˣҪ
ʦ֣סַӰˣЦ˵ջ⣬ӿӰҪѹ
ɫòһͬʱ֮壬͵˸ˡ
ˣַٶȿ磬ħȭâֱӲ˳ȥȹĴħٵַǸӵǿᣬٸħĲþԼĴطһͬСɡ
䣡ȻתַݺײʱֻоһɿʴڣħŻ֮
󣬿ֲӡɱɫ԰ף漴ɫӡѣѪ¶
ַٶȽٶ̤Դϣ¿պݺݼ̤ʱ̤˵֮ϣϡ
Ǹղʱϵʦֱ㱻͵ϮһȻˣ˿ַܹŹֹ֮ʱ飬̤˵ϡ
úݵһͷβû֡˰˵ղ͵Ϯգ˲Ҳ֮¡
ַħԵޱȣ޷𣬿޺ȴҲǹϺ֮ˣԵ˾֡
ղŵսǶУΧʱûаԥֱӽѹſ¡
Ǳ˰ϯλȴ˵ң澡ʧȺܹ˿飬ȻǼΪɣңⲻϵǳš
ǳ˺ַʦֵܶԾ˳֣һսʤѷ֣ԴӼ֮ţѧԺаԵ֮£ûҹɣ


1762 ͼ
ս̨ΧȺ֮УȻҪĺɫѿǳ൱ȳ֮£棬Ȼÿ
ˣֱΪǱ˰˺͵ˣͬǳŵڶԼ⣬ǶǿȻһǳŵˣΪԵʣһǳţĺָӲ⼧ǡ
ַ̤壬ɫŤв³Ѫû뵽Լôҵһ졣
û뵽Ҳδ뵽ַ˶غ͸迴һĻоͷ΢Щ⣬ַʵȷʵսĻֿҲò
ЩҪҪǲˣһҪšЦ˵һ˸ͣ
ַݺݵĽ߿ˣַκεĿֱս̨
ⳡս֣ǳ䶨ˡ˿һĻа˵սܡսܣս̨ϼһֻʣľһˣսˡ
ַֻ˳źԼľսȦȥ֮ƣδͷκϢվһš
ľȻܵӰ죬֮ʱ΢Щ˼ˣϾΧ˿λǿߣһλȻҲֻӲͷƤսȥַնδ֣ʹĻʲô˰ս̨䡣
ȴûܵӰ죬ֻ߱ԽԽǿᣬľŰʹľʱжֻصΣսԽԽ
ˡڴ˿̣һͬղʹȺͫ΢΢£˵֮ǼǣˣҪսˡ
ǵʵǷǱѰ˵ǿսͨλ˿⣬ѾӵɱǱذˣȻ⼧ǿǽĺܣûаսǱذǰϯλ¶ȥ֡
ԣ˵λǱ˰һϯλǺ漸һԸһҪܣִû֤ʵɷϼǱǿʵġ
ַĿתһ˼ǣ˰ɣ·ӵУ·˵Ļּ⣬κ˲档
ַһμǣȻϵô˭ģ㲻ʶܹоǵķǷʵ
֮ˣ˾¶Σںߣâ¶˿ûа
Ǽ֮ˡַ㿴Եĺһâûἧǡ
˫ʮʮĿ޲ͬǵĻ޶ãû㡣
ں֣սеܱš
ս̨Χ˳Ĭս̨ϵΧ֮ɣǵĻս̨Χȴûս̨аƱ仯ˡ
ǣͣսٶȹֻǰ̤һһɸհ֮糯ս̨Ϸȥ
սѧԺǱս̨⣬˵ͣսͣս³һв죬Щ֮ˣ̤սѧԺ㿪ʼѣֵѣƺֻܽܡֻܳǣ棬򣬼Ż᲻ǿ֣߳䵹һֻиǿˣ̫
˵ͣս͵ͣǵĽŲѾ̤գս̨ƮȻȥ˵ͣսͱͣ
һﻹһĿҲ˵˱츳ʵ㶼ֳ߳ƣʥһƺҲֻѧԺķܹ֮⣬˸ûбУ׵ȼףʵǾˣ̤սѧԺһսѧԺ𶯣۰Ǳ˰ݵüλĻ
˵ͣսͱҪͣս
ַĿ⻺תսĺֺľһâһȭɱϺսշѹ񷣬Ҫշѳɰ˿飬ĳľȥ
ŭһŲһֻ̤һҫĿ֮һУͬͼڰ㡣
ͼڣҵԼ츳ɶ֮ʹӵ֮ͬӵȺǵͼаǼҵϵе츳ǿ£оͼڹâ֮У˶ʤ壬ӵΰ˼ܹɨһʡ
ˣֻǽŲǰһ̤ʱղͬһֲޣӵ
˺ǿַ㿴һĻаͼڣ˸ĸоͬʮͷѩһ֮У¡
üͷһ壬ȻҲо˴˵ǿߣֻһֽ̤ʮֻӡһ漴һɫƳźɱӵ
𣡡ſ³һ֮ȴһйɱΧշĲХҰֹǬ
˿żǣͷһЩûп̵ֵĸܵ˴˵ǿ󣬶ңˣֳֻжѹֱΪʥݳǿˣһǱֻ᲻֪Ҫʱܹ׳١
¡¡ɫľ޴ӡΪһ飬ķѣеÿȥڣǰУҪûա
޴ĳӡӷϺɱͣһȻʱֻ̤ǰУչЦһ˵ȳ֮ˣҲҲͣԣѰ·
˵ռ˫һŭ𣬽շһճɱȥ
ŷ۶ɣ޾ӡϵĺɱȻݻһУ޿ɵֵ
һ콣âնأսһŷһ˳ȥʱ޿ɵֵնñѪзɽ£·ͨûɴ˿ɼ֮ʢ֮ǿ
һȭյźǷ·ȭͷһͷֲĺ̺
¡һ죬Ͻըѣ屬ˣһĨѪֲͬ㡣
ս֮ʱַ㲢δʦֵսǰҲҪܵҸղǰȥսҲʦֵ˼ּǿߺݺݵײܹܵѹ


1763 ֮ս
󱲣Ҳҡɫ̤ʹΧ沨
ĿӼǣٶۣܣȻҪһս
ɡַ˸ǰ΢Цʦ֣ԡ
˶ַ㣬ʦֵܽյսʵϣÿ˶ɲ⣬ַڲǰսģѵܺͼײɡ
һΡǱͼڣ·˹㣬ͼ֮й͸ſ֮⣬Ųٶȳǰ̤
ͼڣ£ټΪѾλ۷֮ǿޱȣ±ҵҪֲַа˼⣬ղ⼧Ƕʦֺɱǿޱȡ
֮סַ֮Уϵ۶ɣͬʱͫױñħַŲǰ̤һɿֲ
һ̤۹ͬʱŶԷ̤ȥٶԽԽ
˷Ǭֱ֮Уƣΰ
𡢺𣡡һ˻ݣХ죬ʹȺͫ΢΢£Ϊ˴ХǴӼŵģǴַ֮ͷŶһַԯ޸֣޴ĸͷ·ӵпٵ֮ΰ
ȭâƿգ·˷ˣҰ죬
ַʾͬһȭԯ޸֮ӡַȭâ֮ϣ˫Х˻ĶǬ·ڲҪƬա
ˣǿײһȺֻоƲ˵ײͷײ죬ǬҪ飬ֲŰɢһĲɶڣ屬ѿ׷׺ˡ
ͫĮ죬𣬶ǰַӰᲢۡ
ַ㳤۹ڱħͫޱߣĿǰȻȻ壬㵽ڣɲ֪ԼԵǺˣԷʵȷʵǿᣬΪλʾ磬ƴ̶ֳȵģǺġ
ַ㲻֪Լ˵˭ս̨Χ֪˵ײʹͫͷɵ͹ַʵȻ̶ȣȷʵ
ǶܹˣȻԼҲûռϷ硣
˲ޱȣĺҲΪȣ¶һĨɫ˶͹ѧԺˡ
ǿˣѹָȥ·³һսѧԺ˰֮ϣַǵһܺײ֮ˡ
Ȼ㹻ô
ֻǰâҫĿһ޶޶֮ϣģ·ڲţ͸ſѹ
֮
֪νŭһ漴͵һʱ޶ַɱǿޱߵĶһצȫַշѹ۳ؼ䡣
ˣַֻƳǰʱַǰճһƹ⣬Ͻ֯ƣֲ̺
ַϵĶ磬һ˲˼ʮβʱ޴ƹ˿ضԷ޶ϵĶҪ֯һ޴֣ͬʱһɿֲѹ¶
ַ˫ʱϺӳս֣ϣǰɱ
𡢺𡭡޶֮УϺսײƬس׵Ķ̻̲·Ҫһ㣬Ϻӳշѹսھ޶֮ϣ˵첻ϣ¡һֲ֮ţ޶顣
ɫһӶƣʱһ𣬿ٳһŵϺսշѹ

Ŀⶢַ㣬󣬶ǳڶ˲󣬲УӸӵĿµƻ
ַ㾹еƣǵ޶ƽˣϵֲ˿εײľǱ˰֮׵ļ䣬ײĹоȻûռϷ磬ַ¶â֮ʱʲá
һսһֻؽâնľ̲صĿֲһâȵ÷ˣʹľɫѿһսܣȫǼǳֲ֣类Χˡ
ַȻתľĿҲɵýһַ㹥ȥ
ַϺӳսٶͺˮĿսʹľɫ΢䣬漴ͳˡ
ͬսһľѣɫѿ˼£һĻȺɫ΢΢ַ̣ͺּ˻һ㲻۶˭˹ֻҪǶ֡
ɫкâ˸һȭƿգҲľķɱȥȴǽסϺսʹľַܹķȥ
ߡַŲһ̤ͬ٣Ѿûսľ־ȡ
ϺսշѹľһܣٶȾҲǳ֮죬ȻַҲˣȭâɨֱӺľϣһѪľ屬ˣһ˵ĻУǼǽסˡ
ˣμǳ׵İˣıս̨裬ľҲ޷ѱַѪ³Ǽǳ֣Ҳδһսһܵó׵ףǼǳ֣ľܹŵڡ
ֻһӰֱַ̤漧ˣֺһһңˣ۹ϢƵԼľ֡
Ǳ˰֮ϣҵܹʦֵˡȺһĻаһսƺַ㡢Լʦֵ֮ܵսսѧԺȫǿƵǱǰʮϯλǱǰʮϯλºܾû󶯹ɡ


1764 
Ǹ֮ܵϢϣĿ˸ǹɰ֮⣬͸Į֮⣬ɨַһۡ
ַʵǿᣬҲֳҲֻаܾ֣ղײַһ˿ǶδռϷ硣
ڼǻеľɫӵ䣬ˣֻܣַɣգһͿء
ս̨֮ϵ˰ܣս̨֮˸棬ǿԶϰˡĮ˵ǳţˡ
ʦ֣㿴ǼǷҲһˣ˶ܳҼˣѹǡַ΢Ц˵ʹú΢⶯Ŀ⿴ַ㡣
ɺַֿʵ
̨Ρַ΢Ц£ʹúͫ΢΢£Ҳͬͷ΢̨þûˡ
Ǳ˵漴ľת˸̤˵֮£Ҽ£ս֮ʱҲκ֡
ȺǵĻĿ΢⼧ѾǼΪǿˣûȫԼţ½ӵĿ°ɣ۾Ǳ˰һǿߣ֮ܣȫһսΪַ²ǼǵĶ֡
ַһˣܹ˵زѾ˴۽ˣڶϯλľǶԶԸַ㡣
Ⱥ֮Уֻ˫ɿǰĿ⿴ս̨ϵӰ¶һĨЦ⣬⼸һüǶˣԼǵİܹܶԷˣȻһսȻǸûаգ뿪һ
ǳһԼǵİѵẰȥһս
β˶˵ôֱ׳ղ˭𣡡ս̨֮£һַֻֿ̨̤ˣЦַ㣬ʵҴΪԾҲŸո̤Ǳ棬㾹Ȼɱǰʮˡ
λֵ̨̨źֺչ˹֣󺦳˵˶ַʦֵܣͬһţ֪ʲôܹ̳һЩô
ߣ˵㡣ַЦ˵漴˷׷̤뿪
ĺǳŵѾˣյĲҰףûȴû뵽ܵôʹ
ȥȥ˷׷׿ڣŷ˸ȥǱ˰ս̨ϵսǳңȴЩģ£Ǳˣⳡսµ
˷׷׸ϸУȻ˿µѶղս̨ϵˣȻȫǱ˰һš
ǡǵһַֻײ£޷ǿռݰףҪλã±ȻҪһս
ǵĺ棬Ǿ
ĺ棬Ȼַ֣һĻȺͫ΢£ַ㲢δսȴ˶ԷɼǶַʵһϿɣӲĽֱַӷ˰ϯλϡ
֣Ǳ˰ȡ֮ϾľΪַǰ棬ǰĵ壬ǵ
ľǱ˰ߣܸ˺֣ȴսʤյġ
գǱ˰ڰˡ
Լģ֮Ǵӵϯλ˵ھŵʮϯλ
ǰĵϯλˣңֺҲδսǼսĻҪ䶯ȺţȻ˴εı䶯ѾֲܿˣǱ˰ǰʮϯλһʱûжˣһͬ˵㡣
ַͺǣʵǱ̫עǿصĻʵǱǰУȻǿʵһ֤ǸܹõԴսǶܹ̤߲㣬ǳɽ֮ϣ֪ʱܹ̤㣬ƺΨзϵǿߣʸǰ
һԺ֮Уַ㡢Լ̨˶ڣҲҲַմչ
ַ㣬û뵽սȻôǿǿǼѧԺļһﱾҪȡʲôս֮ȴƨûзһ뿪սѧԺЦ˵ղַսʱս̨Ҳ˲Ϣ䶼Ѿַ֪Ŷ֮ˡ
սѧԺ棬ĻǱ㲻ô˵ˡַЦŵ
⵹ǣսѧԺУϾǲҰҲͼŲ񣬲˵ǺݺݵĽѵ˼ţɱǳ磬һͿأһǵһο
һμַʱ򣬱Ϊַᱻĥȴû뵽ʵϡ
ˣսѧԺдɣ뵽ַս̨˵Ļɵһ
ַĿ⿴˺ֺλʦһۣĿ⽻㣬һĨ⶯
̨һֱŵģܹؽ̨άСǵԸҪɡ
սѧԺǿƣǷ棬һɳǱ޴󣬶йδܹ£һЩսѧԺ˳̨ȷǷǳõģֻǲ֪սѧԺܹﵽʲôز
ȷ뷨֪Ƿ졣ַ˵ͷ
㴴ɵĻԸ룬һ𡣡
ٺ٣ȻҲһ̨ЦǳŶôţַǣͷһɣܹǳѹġ
ǰ̨֮ˡ󺦳Ц˵
ھֹģԺٷչһЩˣܹΪһǿǱɣսѧԺǵһϯ֮ˡ΢Ц˵̨Ȼ˫ͬġ
ܹһ֧СľţԺȻһЩ俪ڵսѧԺɵĳΪĴڣַͬ˴ǰħ֮أһȺ֣ȻЩ໥Ӧַ˴ܹȫΪһЩֶΣĻǲܶġ


1765 ̨
ַ㡣ʱ洫һǳ࣬漴ֻ֮УӰԼǽɫ꣬裬˿Ѿˣ̫ʥˣȻַܺӴġ
ַ¶һĨɫ̤ʵʲô𣿡
ȻҺһҪ顣¶һĨƤɫЦŵ㿴˲ٶǱ˰ǿߣݵҲǳĻҿǱذϵ
ذ񣿡ַ¶һĨɫ漴΢Ц£ѹоЩϤԭڵذֹ
ȻأַЦ˵
˸ַЦղս̨ϲ˵Ҫ𣬲һɣš
ΪҪţַʵ
ǵذϵǿߣʵȻǼšԴ˵ʹַ˶¶Ȥɫһûеذǿߵء
׼ɽ̨ܼšտ˵ȻĻҲ̨
Ŀⲻͣ˸漴ЦŵҪҼ̨ҲУλãǲҪǿ
̨û˶һַҡҡͷ̨Զš
ֺɫ΢£ǵȻַ˼̨Զʦ˵ġ
ôУһôܹû˭ĵ
һ̨ΪֵܣûˣûĻ죬˹ַ֮ɫȻ˵ʹ˶Ϊݡ
ַȻҪսѧԺؽ̨ǫ̂Ҫǿ࣬ı죬ûбҪ̨Ҫ̨ͬһʮһһ˶ֵܣɣǿ˲
ַһۣһôʲôĻ죬֮úݵļһ
㻹Ҫ̨𣿡ַЦʵ
ߡһҾҪ̨ҲУǴʦɡ
̨ǵȻӭҪ뿪ҲǸղǾ仰ֵ̨̨֮£ַ֮ɫ£漴̨ǣ̨䣬ǣҲ仰̨Ǳֵܣ̨һ顣
ף̨ˡ
ˣȻǣΪˣ빲ͬͷȻַܹ㣬Щ˵Ϊá
ãԺұֵܣ빲ַƣʱ֡ա󺦳桢̨׷֣һ
ʦءЦ£ҲǰַȥȴûȤˡ
˵գת뿪ߡ
ƷֻֿЦ˵̨ѾЩģˣҪ󣬿ʦҪȥúһ£սѧԺ˶̨֪ĳԺ½˼ǡ
ûû̫ǿߣǱ˰ǰʮѾλˣǱ˰ǰʮҲ̤ذֻ̻һЩѧԺõܹģϾЩƵ£벻˰ǰ棬Ҳ޷̤սĸ߲㣬˵ǿĹͨԼһЩˡ
˵ȻǵܹȡѧԺϿɣõѧԺ֧֣ǱӰˡ
ȡѧԺϿɣַĿ⿴䣬û˵
㻹֪սѧԺһЩǿļɣڣѧԺϹŶģ缧ţѧԺһЩϹŶϵУһЩҲͬΪһЩϹŶĵӣܹɽԺǿ˶Ը˳ɡ
˵ֻ΢΢һЦǷģҾˡ
㣿ַ㿴¶һĨɫ
Ϊ̨ʦ㣬ȻҪ㹱ףʶѧԺĳֻҪǽֳڣҿóϽʶѧԺϹŶŶʱǰϹŶ£ٵѧԺһ£Ͳûǿ̨߽ˡ
΢Ц˵ʹַΪ죬ӾȻϵѧԺƬɽǾ˵Ƿϵﲻ̤еġ
̨Ȼˣּڽģھڶ࣬Ǿ仰࣬츳ǿʵһաַ㿪˵飬ɾͽȥˣǶѧԺôϤ
ģҡͷӦ䣬ʦ߰ɡ
䰵Ĩ˰Ѻ꼶Ҳɣľôϲʦء
ַЦſ뿪䣬漴źֶˣʦ֣Ǽʦ𣿡
ɫأ΢΢ҡҡͷʦֻǧ뿪Լ֪ûѾŴɹ챤أЩֻҺһֱһҲʥݣ㡣
嫣ǰֻ˵ʥ֮ŴҶҵʥģڰޡս˱챤סҽǣһط֪ôˣԺǿԻȥ
ַĻɫ΢ǼȻ챤ƹû¡
ȵһʱգǻȥ˾Ŵɹ챤һâСɱǿŰɡ
顣ַ˵ͷ˵Ŵɹ챤챤ҩɹȼҪ
˵̨ҪĻǱʵǳ׵ĵǳţ׼չһΣһЩʵַоʱȣҪ̨վȽŸʵĻһжȻ
˵ûպս֮˾˰һļǣʵǱѰ̨˵ַ㲻֪ԼĶ˭ȴ
ǣַ֣Ǳ˰һλ
ǣ֮ܡ̨ͷ
֪ˡַ΢΢ͷĵܵܣǸҪЩʵˣԺǻ鷳ˣԼǵԸ񣬳ģ


1766 ﵽ
һսַ㡢ԼյΪ֪λһȦӵУսѧԺ˲ȻҪλʻλʵĿ⣬㻹Щ磬ϾǸעͬǿߣȻżм̫˳֣Ҳǻעġ
񣬾ַŶĹȥ˳֮ˡܳɻʣȴɾϵ֮սǳ£㣬һյĴսбܹƲһϾǱ˰֮ϣܺͼսˣûмַͼײ˿·硣
սѧԺУ̨ĳһЩ粨ս̨֮ϴͷַ㼸ˣȻһɣΪ̨Ҳ̨ɣæĴԳ̨ʦ㣬ƾذԼŮƣ˲ˣǱַ㿴ǵ
ַ㼸ˣ˿ûе¶ַæֺżսû
ʱ仺ĹȥսѧԺӭһοˣλ̤սѧԺУˣַһϵãȻԼ˱ͶΪǷ֮ˣﱾ岻꣬ʮ֮Լֲ̫ͬǿһ̤սѧԺ
һ֮У̨ϥ徹žĹ죬ʹͬը㣬žϻصţڶþûص̨Ǳ͸ߴ·ӵΰಲһǼ⳯ͻʨ֮
ڲ֮У̨Դֿ񡢵츳һֱǲģͣĳɳǱʼֻҪĹ֮ͨ嶼ᴦڱը״̬ÿһӶǿϢ

ʥĴѧԺսѧԺ֣ѧԺҲַͬǷѧԺɷһ񳱣ʹò־֮˷׷׼ѧԺУм˸עĿ֮˶²ܣӵӡ壬ǧٵӡ⻷ܻӡһ·ɱѧԺǰУȻ֮⣬ȻҲٲ˼λѩˣҲѧԺһȷѪ꣬ѩŮమĽߡ
بѧԺΪעĿһ̤ѧԺλʾĳ˵Ŷ֮ʱһʱλ̤λʣޱǿᣬΪͻͽλھ磬ٶĿ࣬սҲǼ£оһճҵķӣֻǲ֪Ժ᲻
ѧԺһ棬аǳһ˵̳Ž壬Ǻܾû˳߶ˣһγ塣
ѧԺ˶Ŭϱǿ֪ǿߵ;ڵȴǼ̤Ψܹ˦ͬԽǰߣܳɾһԼĻԻ·
ַ㣬ȻҲ֪ĲпᣬǽԼȵýģʱַԼţڣħǧ˿֮ħٲϲ֮ϣڵ֮ϣһɹ֮Ѫ
ѪԵǿʢȫѪкһڣͬʱʹϳɳ·ַ㽻Ϊһ塣
ʱһ֮ͬʱַ͸뵽µ̵Упʼǧ޾꾫֮УȱȻҪúã䲻ܽʱ䶼򣬵ҲҪһЩ޶ԼõܹڶԵ֮ʱţǿԼս
ʱ仺ȥתۼǼţһ죬ַ߳ңֻһ漴ַ㳯ȥ㿴һȺǣƺ˵Щʲô
ڸʲôַ㷭˷ۡ
ַ㣬óˣЩˣ̨֮ˣ׼ǳȥЦ˵ʹַüͷ΢΢һҲǸ߹㣬̨ô
ǰЩУ˶׷װһ·˵̨Ǹӣ֪ôǸŪġ
ûϵǵһ̨ˣҺеݶΪ֮ˣȵͨǵ飬ĳԱЦ˵ַ㣬Ϊ̨ʦ㣬Ǻòײô˽̨ء
ַĿ˸£漴˵ɣһұҪΪ̨ˣҪõϿɲУֵһġ
ãҴӦǡ
ַ㣬˵ͼײ·磬ʵƾʲǫֻ̂ʱһ˵ַ㿴˴һۣ漴ĿȺ֮Уָһ˵Ⱥսɣսʤҡ
˵Ŀַָ⳯ȥһͷڵ꣬ɫѱĿޱȣһǸɫ
ʱ궢ַ㣬¶˿˿ŭȴһڿգָ˵
񡣡ɫ䣬ڿգһɺ֮Ϲţ˳˳Ȼʱֻ˸磬ͬһɫâ͸ռ䣬̫ȭֱӺɱǿ¡
ΣŭһʱվŴβһɹɿ²ιǰУͶԷ̫ȭײµֱ̫֮ȼ·Ҫζͬʱǿ͸һУڶԷϡ
¡һ죬屬ˣֻоֱ۶·Ҫըѵ㣬һɿ»ֱŰֱ۴ȥɫ΢Щ԰ס
ǿл棬·Ȼ淨ӿ¡궢ǰͷ֮ˣֻԷͫ׵һ̵̫۾޷
ޣ̫񡣡ͫ
̫񡣡ĿʹΧȺ¶һĨɫԭ˾һʱǰ̤ѧԺ̫ôҲ̨
ַ㣬㿴̫ڶ̨Ц˵
ȻֻʱȺӰ߳Լ⡣Ǳǵõַ֪ͨսѧԺϵģսѧԺ˵ַһЩ¼̨Ǳ˳ˮۣĶ顣
ĲȻ뵽˴ɡַ΢Ц£һߵսѧԺɺŶһܿ˶ϵ
ϣʵܹһֱһսڵַ˵
ģ㲻гԽҵĻᡣַ㿴һۣһΪޱȣͬһȻѾսʤԽ
ǵĶԻʱ¶һĨŭɫЩǳַģûϵ


1767 ɽ֮
ַĿ⿴Щˣ˵Ȼ˵֮ˣҲͬ⣬ȻǸ̨߸Ʋ̨ˣԼ뿪ɣˡӭ
̨ˣҪֻ࣬󾫣Ĳһٶкãûκεһʲô±һɢɳʵǿҪá
ĻԱɡַָǱڻ˵꣬Į˵ʱȺ˽漴תȥ
ˣֻմ֡˿˵ʮתۼʣ˼˶ѡ
һĻ˷ۣ漴Ŀַ㣬սѧԺ˱Ƚ϶࣬߶ʼˣòײôˣǰԴſǶûôַ㵹ã仰ȫˡ
ַʼ磬ĵҪ̨кã
쵰Ӵβ𡣡Ƶĵʣµļ˵ʱȻȥɣĻϵǡ
Ǽ΢΢ͷַһۣǼ̨ɣҪǿ̨ǱʣԺһЩΣĻҲܹЩһж
ǳȥ߰ɡַ΢Ц£˵漴ŲԺ̤ȥ
սѧԺַ㷢սѧԺƺ˶ɵ¶һĨֵɫǰûпôѧԺߡ
ѧԺôַ૵һԵ¶һĨЦչǶˣҸѧԺûжö֪úսѧԺÿʮһȵˣʱѧԺ˶˵սѧԺ仹һЩѧԺϹŶұҲôˡ
սѧԺҲʲô䣿ַĿ⳯ȥѧԺľãӦû֪
ȻսѧԺÿʮһȵ䣬ͬҲǷ任֮գƽϵﶼ棬ѧԺʱ䷴࣬ʮһȵȴûҪŲһŲλã⣬ͬҲǻӭʮ굱У̤ѧԺǵı仯һѵõĻᣬһֻ̤˷лսѧԺɽʮ䣬ϹŶҲбصĻŶ
ַһۣЦ˵
ַ㡣ʱԶ˿ַ૵ַĿתȥֻԷԼǳЦ£Ц͸żֹɫ
Ǻͼйײַ㣿һҲַ㣬˵˵ʵΪǿλʼ
˵ҲȤ̤ѧԺĿ֮УͺľйĦն֮̾ܣʵҲǱ˰ǵϯλˣϧˡ˴ַ߹ţ˿ûʲô
ȷǿϧˣ伴ʼ̾ҲˣºܿҪԸˣ֣̾ǼǺľҲŹ˵֮ʱнԶַüͷ΢տ֮ʱɱݣҲ֪Էֳ̾ƺǸɫǱذϵ
ǵ鷳١һԵ˵
ֻ˵ʥݵ̸ڣ̫ˣһˣͻǣ޷ַΪˡľˡǼǣԼԺΣֻһӵзǱʵļ䡣
ǵȻսѧԺλʥݣʥݱвٺ󱲵ѧԺУ㶯һˣͻᴥˡ΢΢ͷַ츳ʵӴǿˣȻⲻһЩ﷢ײ
סַǳϿĻ򣬾ͱȻҪ˽棬ڽӴˣ඼вļˣ·;е˶ˣЩһ໥ԣŶѾ̹
ַ㣬׼ȥַ
û׼չؾƵûţ߶¡ַ˵
ãҴȥطЦ£漴ַӣζȻ˸ʦҴȥ档
ַԷʦѾϰˣ漴һ˷׷׼ӿŲ˸һЩʱַ̣Ȼ֣ȻƬɽ֮أǰƣ͸żλ֮УƵɽ֮Уһɹ
ȥַɫ΢£Ŀɽ֮أ޷ȥ
˵˴ȥ氡ЦƬɽȥ
Ψ̤˲̤ƬôַŲϣʵ
˭˵ģǲ˽ƬɽпǻɽɽҲŽȥɽ˽ȥһǿԴǽȥġ΢΢һЦ˵ӰǰƬ̤֮Ƶ֮Уַֻһųǰǰ壬Ե¡
λүүǰȥλ˻عͷ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ѿͷˣôѵ֪ɲ𡣡
λүүǼҵĺѣҴȥһǿɲҪҡǰҡһ˵ֱۣĵ
˺ˣѾͷͷӻҪأȥɡҡͷЦ˻֡
лλүү漴ַգգۣŲ̤ȥ
ݲءַа漴ȥ˵ȥӾȻսѧԺڲˣ
ַ뿪֮λ壬ֻһ˿ڵ̫֮ѱţ͸̫ӽύһͷڡ
һλЦ£漴Ҳһӣһ׵⥣
ŮЩأǿӦǰ꣬ںʲô㣬Ϣ˶һִ͸ųʱɱ˵İԵ⡣
˱ӱţǽ˷͸۹֮ɼһߡ
ʵɽһɹַ˸̤һŵɹ֮УֻԺ֮У轣ûκεϢûжκȴ˻Ȼ֮УؼһĽۣʹַͫ΢΢¡
ɽ֮⾳ɱˣ趯
һŮӷ棬Ůӻòһѵõľ¡
ҼұˡʱŮ£漴Ŀ⿴͸ų֮⡣
Ůˣһ˼һءЦǰŸĸĸ첲ʹַ˹ˣսѧԺ֮˵ŮһԾ£Ҳ˺Ľ
ĸĸַ˿һۣĿ΢мַֻоϵϢ·ҪɵаĸĸʵȻǳ°ɡ


1768 ָ
ǰַĸ΢΢Ƿ溬΢Ц
ηˣûһǱʻѾͷģѵá΢΢ͷʹʱˣ˭˵ģҿǴʦ㡣
ʦ㣿ѵŪʲôѾͷú֮ʲôĸװһۡ
ûУҺַһ𴴽̨Ǵʦ㡣ƤԷʦ㡣
úãǴʦ㣬˵ɣʲôҪġĸ۾ʹ£ĸףҾǡ
ģĸ۾ʹһЦҲˣַ㼸츳ɶǺģַսѧԺ¾̤Ǳ˰һͼײһϷûռ㿴սѧԺϣܲܰ
֪¡ĸ漴ĿַϣڶʱڽǱ˰ͼײȷʵǳȻЩϹŶ˭Ӷ۹⼫Ϊޣû⣬ܲܿϣҿɲܱ֤ˡ
ٺ٣ͺˡЦ£漴ַҪúðմʦȡĻŶֻҪܽɽɽԺ̨û𡣡Ц˵
ҵĸѵһ
㿴Ǽ䲻ǴѧԺĺܡͬĵ
мһ츳ʵҲˣҪ֪ǱʷˣѧԺϹŶǳأһسɴΪѧԺҫ˴ͱ˱ȣôȥȡĸŮЩΣʹƲƲ졣
ַһ¶Ц⣬ƸĸǶǳ磬͸Ρ
λǰ޽ʱַƸʵʹƸĿĿַ㣬ѵҲǣ
δ֮ǰʱںϸְ壬ͬҲǿҷַںѾôˣŽʱ£ǰָ㡣ַǫѷ˵
һұȽ֣ľǿʢҲ˵˰ΪȴΪ˵֮δҲ̫ҵ۾Ƹһ
ڷ֮ʱ򲻽ǶΪ֮ˣӵлʽ٣˵Ѿɾ͸ϵûз壬޷ֱط֮ұ֮ȴҲ˵ķ룬ⲢʲôʽǺйذɡ
ַ㻺˵ʵǿЩ޷סģԸɴ͸¶һЩĻҪ̥
֮£ķҿƸ˵ַ΢΢ͷ漴һʱϵϢȣʹƸĸͫ׶΢΢£壬ϵ塣
ķս֮ʱĿɻֲ㡣Ƹʵ
ᣬҵķȣܹ֧ųʱսݽߣս֮һ㼳ȡط򡣡ַٵ˵
ȷʵˣʣǺƸ벻ף漴˵Ľѵڳɾͷ֮ǰܹϵںһ𣿡
뽣УϵϵںϣӳնʵַӦ
츳Ƹ΢΢ͷ츳ȷʵ˵ǰĽһɱ䣬ΰҪںһ𣬵ȷѣͬһܽϵ뵽ͨϵͨУӵĪ֮ܡ
ȻҪҵϵͨסַӦ˵
ȻÿóķܹͬҵƥԼĽڷͨ˲ͬΪóķ̫֮࣬ԣ㼸ַܹ֮ͨ·βⲻΡ
Ƹ˵ʹַ
βⲻΡַе׽
Ƹ΢΢ͷ漴ȡһ˿ַԽն֮öýֻͨǴԷ֮ն֮նٶΡ
ַɫ΢˿գƮ䣬ֻܴͨԷ֮ն
ַƻ֮磬ޱȵķ˿ɱն
÷򣬲ն𣿡Ƹ˵ַٶն÷򡢲ƴϷ֮ʱϷ裬ûбնϡ
ڴʱƸͻȻֻ֣Ƴ¿ջûκֻǴƻշ·ҪһۼǶϷٶȱնϡ
Σַ¶֮ɫֻƸٴζˣɺܻһûκΣֻһ翵⾳⾳ɲκδƮĶϷһؽضϷѾķѣѳΡ
ʼնûнͷţַȴо֮оһɽ֮⾳׽͸
β˵÷֮ʹó˵ĽȻý֮ȴҪһζ׷ǿνΡǽͨ㷨֮ǿֻҪӵͨұСķ֮һ׻㡣
ƸַţʹַǷξͨ
Ȼ㽫ο̫أһζֻ׷ͨվޣҸղŵΣҲԽͷնΡĶΣվƣϾû޵еͨԣ׷εͬʱӦ⣬ֻĽӵ⾳ȴΣκһһʽΡ
ַ棬ͬĿ˸򷨹ڣˣʵγˣƸģɲǾڽ
ͺҵϺӳսιһҽϺӳսƣѾϵͻƣǣûеĲΡַе漴Ƹ΢΢лǰָ̡
Ƹ˰֣Цܶ˶Ҳ˵˲֪ٱ飬ףһ򡣡
ַ֪ΪȻ
ˣսֵܹ伮ҽҲףǶҵĽȥɡƸ΢Ц˵漴ַ˳ɹȥ


1769 ͷ
ĸǽޣ赺ϣսѧԺѵõһ˫Ϊǿ֮ǲԸȥɣսѧԺǱޣսѧԺְ֮һŮ
ޣؽнĿַ̤ؽڣֻܰڷ룬ֽʻ伮ֿ֮ϣű࣬ͬʱǽ֮ϣŽ䶼ʣַƶܹ֮ܵ
ַ㣬ҷ޶ӵеĽ䣬ⷭģǼҲ⣬ǲǽޣһ;֮ͨƸ΢Ц˵ؽǳȡ
лǰַимԷؽǣƽС
ؿŮýѵôкý֮ˣһкβɣЩڴ˵أҲûβΪ㹱סƸǺЦ
ڴ˿ɣҷ޶ҲǴǡƸҳ
¶һĨɫ漴ַ˸飬ĸ߳˲ؽ
ַߵǰЩǩǽͨˮϵŭ죻ϵǬһޱľϵĿַһ淭ЩǷ֮еĽͷβҪһַҲЩӵжʽҪַܹʵǿֽ֮˱Ϊ壬ƶϵ򣬶ңҪǽޣַһ
ɡַ㷭һ򽣾⽣ַϣܷǿһʽϴط֮֮ѹ壬ռȻڶʽԻ淨߶̫âʹ˵۾һԭʽ׷֮ԷϵöûдϢ֮ʽ֮Ϊ֮
ʽڣܹȱһǳɵʹöһǿһһһܣһӵ֮ͬǰߵ·ַ򽻻㣬ӵǰʽܹȫţĽּǱ֮֡
ܸ٣轣֮ͨ⣬׽ֵͬģֻһĽѣɱһ㣬Ψͨܽڣͬʱ뵽ͨУӵ
ĽȻҲ̣ǳܹʹáַеҪ׽Ҫý֮⾳ֽѷָġ⡯Ҫ⾳ͬʱͨϵȻַɽ׽¡
̵Ľôܹǿ
ַŲؽеĽһЩ֮ͨԽͬĽȥںãģַ·ؽУ˶ĬĬ뿪˶֪
ַֻ֮ڲؽеǽ֮ϣξп򽣵
ݳǣƺ֮Уַƻ裬趯Ž֮Σһһ޾ΧҶɪɪ£ϡ
βⲻΣε⵽ţܷǿܡַԼĶ΢΢Щʧ
ΪΪΪʵΪ顣ַ˵Ķ·£ƾƶʵ飬ڣַĶһ⾳Ӷµ֦Ҷ֮У漴ݺݵ˺ѵ
⣬⣬ܷӳ侫衣ַջأеһжȻʧ·ʲôûй㡣
ַ㿴Լƣûûж÷򣬵ȴܹ⾳
ؽУǵַ㣬΢΢ƲƲ죬һﾹȻ˯ˡ
ַ㡣˶ַĸ첲ʹַ΢£漴΢΢Ǳʶ˯ߣѣΪؽУҲû̫һĽŲǲᳳġ
㻹أȻ˯ˡŬ죬ЩĿַ㣺սѧԺ䶼ҪʼˣǲǸóȥˡ
ַЦ£漴վ߰ɡ
ַ㳯ɹȥƬɵأһɹɼսѧԺǿжôֲ
ɹ֮лɽɽ˵УһС磬סսѧԺϹŶһЩֲ
ǵط޷̤ģͨţַصսѧԺ֮أսѧԺߵƺˣʮһȵ伴٣ǿ߶ַ·ϣ׵ĲѧԺǿˣλ洦ɼ
е䳡ˣѾкܶ˵ءָԶһ䳡кüֿ䳡ϲɣÿһ䳡վŲͬǿߣλڵһЩλʺλǿΪӴ󣬶ң⻹ֻ߶µǿߡ
սѧԺһǿ߳Ҳһ̤ѧԺУһֱŴС
ַ㡣ԶλڵȺ֮У̨ʹ󺦳վһ飬ַ㺰һַӿŲǱ˸ȥ
ַ㣿·λʵֻ̨һӰĿվǣַĿ͸һĨ⣬ʹַüͷ΢΢£ȴδͣ½Ų
̾ѾҴ˰ɣڸҳˡһ˵˵
ȶȵٳ֣ѧԺ棬̾ǲɱģȻҲЩ衣ƽ˵ַĿ΢֮ͬ⣬˵ŶЩ֮ˣȴұĴǿ߿ء
ǣﲻŶʥݣԶˮⲻ˽ʣַ̾ͬսѧԺУַɱ̾ĵܵܣܷ̾Ź
ַǵĻҲûʲôȤ̨ǰֻ˿̵̨ƺӵĿЩͬһ㣬һǿѹ
ͷַܼ΢Ц£ʹ̨ͷҩǵĻڼϣʱҪ̫ˡ
ѾˡƲƲ죬վ̨ǰȷʵе㲻Գˡ
̨εЦ£漴ַ㣬㿴սѧԺ֣ʮ䣬˹ǿƣϧҲǣҲܳΪеһԱǲŽоʡ
顣ַ㴷ֱ̨ۣ漴ʵ𣿡
ʱ򡣡ҡͷ
ȻȥϢ¡ַ˵漴һ뿪ߣǱȺ֮УĿ䣬¶һ⡣
Ȼҳ֣ȥ֪ͨ̾䡣ͫһâǱսַ̨裬޷ǣ


1770 в
սѧԺʮһȵ䣬սѧԺԣһʢ£ǳأѧԺսѧԺкٹ¶ϹŶּɽеĳҲв˽٣ַǷ
սѧԺ˵˶ţҲͬԶ֮ˣ̤ʥݣһ׷ǿ·Щ˶ԣлѧԺϹŶ£һ֮£㱻￴أҲһЩ·Щ֮һԶЩָͬǿߣвͬļ⣬ɰٴԶǰ
˵һˣзǱʵż䣬вϹŶﶼԸָѧԺԣҲǹ屦ֵȥ£սѧԺսп»Ի͵һʡ
ӹ֮֮ǿϢ֮ˣ޾裬Ҳ
ַµסַѾʦ㡯Ϊ̨ܲˣ˿̨֮ˣۼ
ʮһȵ䣬зϵǿ棬Ȼǳְɡ󺦳Ŀ˸ܼǿ棬һ˷֮£ԼսҲǳ
Ҫ̨һ룬гһҲվ̨֮ϣԼٹ⣬ŸȤַ㿴Ŵ󺦳Ц£ʹô󺦳ĵ˵ͷ˵ûҲôһ죬ǶôԻ͡
ʮַ꣬㣬һʮ䣬֪Ƿ˻վ档ƽ˵ʮǵľԣ˵˵Ҳ̣Ͼ䶼̫ʮѾһκ̣ܳ⾳磬λͣʮ궼ûпܵ飬Ѹ٣ʮ꣬Ҳֻ̤λ֮ǿĻҪԵˡ
ʮֻ̫Ϧַ૵漴Ų̤ʦ֣߰ɡ
ԣʮֻ̫Ϧ˼Ŀƽ˵ֻҪȡһһϦʮ֮Ҳ޻ڡ
ڵ䳡ǰˣһƾհλڸ̨ǰˣĿ⿴ЩλãΪѧԺһЩϹŶԼ׼ģЩλõĺ̨˿вվڱԵ֮أϢȣ͸һɹǿ֮
Щ˶Ƿϵǿߣм̨ΨзܹվȥգҪڷŲλõˣԷսϾƽʱɲôѧԺУʱȽ϶ࡣ
аţϵ˴඼λʾ磬磬ҲΪǿˣֻһɳɾ͵λ־ȻٻѧԺûֻҪµͨѧԺ鱨֮ʱǲŻ߶
м̨ΪʮսѧԺ˶׼ģΪǼѧԺ֮ʱΪ͸ͬ񾳽ȻҲһλǱȽٵģϾ˶ԸѡλʵʱͲμĴѧԺˣٵȵλʡ
ַһߵʱ򣬷һ̨ɵĺ䳡Ӱɵ̾Щ۷ĶˣȫѻԵûʲôͬһ߳ѧԺ½ĸ䣬Լľʡ
սѧԺþ꣬Ժһ̨ϡ΢Ц£ȻսѧԺϵŮҲһҪμѧԺˣ̤ѧԺʱ䣬Ǿꡣ
һߵм̨ߵս̨֮ϣʱһЩСĲַսѧԺ仹ôע⣬һȦӵУΪ˵ĴսԼͼǵײѾʹ߱˲С
Ǳ߳ϵλãҵʱΪϹŶʶԼ㡣ַЦַĿƽû̫Ĳ
ͷв֪һʹַĿĿ΢΢ת漴㿴վǣЩǱ˰ǰУ̤ѧԺͬʮʱ⡣
ô̤ڵϣɻҿڳԣ̨ˣķ˵
̨ʹɫúַַ㣬ΪҲλʾѣ޳ܵ齨ɣҵҪܹάһɡ
йϵ𣿡ַĿ΢䣬ɨ
Ȼûйϵ̨֮˵޹أֻѡЦɨ̨һۣû֣齨ɣһһ𣿡
ַͫ΢΢£漴ɨΧĿʱñڵɱ¶ģ
սѧԺǵĳ⣬ççҰ֮أҪȥĻǿԴ·Ц˵
ɣǸҽ°ȥ΢΢ɫҲŭ⡣
ȻǵذϵǿߵҲսѧԺĹأսѧԺУֻսô°ˣԸȥģڵ˳Ұ֮أѧԺĹأܲˡ
·
ߣҪȥĻֻһǰַָ
СȻܾñֶΧַ㣬ҪȥĻǱһǰ
Ǳˣ俪ʼʱ˻صҲԶزˡһ
ţñ޳ܡ̨ŭĵϷѵ졣
˽£뼧޹ء
ַͫױ䣬Ҹȥ
ַ㣬ȥЩ˵ıǰȻֽɱ㡣Ȱ
İɣһᰲȻַŲǰ߳·
ߡĵһĨɱ⣬漴ǰ·һ뿪
̨֮ĺ棬һɫɱַȥӰ
̾㲻Զ𣿡ԣĺʵ
ݱ֮ͬնɱܣҸ԰̾ɫ飬˵ʹĺɫһһѹʵôǿݣԼĵܵˣ˵
ȻˣΪλһֱĺʵ
ݸҲҵĵܵܣֻ̼ҵʸɱˣɱҵܵܣȻҲ£Ӧð׵˰ɡ̾˵·˭ˡ
İɣȻȥˣͲŻˡĺһâַ㣬ɣһʮ䣬㲻μˣ


1771 ɱ
ַٶȼ죬һ·սѧԺڵǳ񱼶ȥֱ̤˳ǳأǰããҰ֮ء
ַ㣬Һ⣬㾹ԸΪǰٶȣַ㲢УЦĿַ㣬ս̤ڽ£죬Ҫ
Ҳͬ⣬սѧԺ֮ˣǱ˰ǰʮ֮ˣܹɵ̶ֳȣ֮·ҲߵͷˡַĮڵ͸һɱ
Բѣ˴˿֪̾ԼǺξ棬ͬɱ¶ԴǷַһУʮΰٴζ㹻ˣսѧԺ޷ĽɱֶֻΣֻҪַ㹻ˡ
ǣɴַǰ˺Զһξ룬ϾѧԺҲΥģĽҰ⣬û˶ţĸɾһЩ˭£ַǱϯλӴսѧԺԣɲǸص˭ں
ڣ˴ַһƷ֮䣬ֻԶһϣ˿ڵϣϢ΢ɫ԰ףĿȴ͸Į֮⡣
䡣ַͫ׶ȻñֻսѧԺ֮ˣǱϵǳô˶Ըһܹܵס
Զһ֮ϣһӰĿ·һ֮¶޹ذ㣬ĺ֮ˣǱذǿߣɷ
ʱɷ΢΢Զַ㵭ɨһۣмֲмһλǱ˰֮ˣ֮ѵôҪԸһǱ˰ǿߣʹоЩܣȻĺĺôȻҪ飬ȻǲҪȻá
۾ĿЩɢַû뵽֮˾˲ַ㣬㲻ģǵȵı㡣
Цǿʳкβ֮˵䣬ַѧԺ֮ʱ㾹Ҽվڶ棬ҼûкƽϣǸ棬ȴû뵽㲻֪ôַԽԽȻˣ㡣
ŭһʹַиޣԭΪһֱܵԹǣ
ˣôַ˵к¶
һ˿˵漴ֻ˸ټԼģַΧС
λǱսһˣ˵κ˶öñսֻƾʵɷ˵һΪܣô˵ҲͬΪǱϵģʮˣˣΧһˡ
䡢¡һɹɺ嫿ֲϢȻſʼХ
һַֻޱ׵ֱۣӳַɱȥȻַ岻ôƽվǣ׵編ֺ
ǿ˼֡ɫΪѿֱӵطַãֻ÷ͨɱ
ַȻǿᣬһαչأԼ֮ٶȾħٺ䣬νٹɱ䣬ֻǵѾ̤ʾζһѾ쿰ȾطĹӵпޱȵ
һֱ֣նһ漴̤֮ǧַɱȥʹƬնɫͬʱƻ˿ֲĿռ䷨
ͬ۵ȭ֮Űݻһ˲ʾһ˺ֲɫӡһǺŶͬͨ
һ˲䣬ͬʱֲͬ߿Хȫַȥ
ֻʱַ˫ף̤棬ʱһֲƳŰӶӵпռʹط֮ʹƬջƽأַĽŲʵʵ̤ڴ֮ϡ
ˣַӰ磬ҲȥͬʱһȭɱʱϺսǰڶֵסһ˹Ų̤۶ɵĴ֮ϣƹʢ·Ҫ쳹ױɵ档
ɵһʽնɱУЯֲɱ£һɺؽ⾳Ȼ併ϣʹǺɫӡǱǿֻоһɿֲ⾳ɽ⾳Ҫѹ
䣡ڣһʽɱ£Ǭľշѹ£˲ַ̤̤Ĵ֮ϣֻоֱ۷飬һɱǿ
̧ͷδӦֻ֮нʽãһֲֿ̫â£ʹ۾·һſ̫ǽ
ַٶȺε֮죬ϹЮŷռķһ˲ն£ֻѪ˴м䱻ֱǿַ㣬ɵڶʽûܽסնɱ
նɱһַ֮ȻתֶȻһħþɱȥʹÿռ䱬ѡ
Ųݺݼ̤أʱַ㲼õƬմ֮ϣȻһռؽڵΣ׷ɱֱס
󣡡ǼɫӲѿ֮
䣡ַٶȼֱʹþŶǿȥţ˿ֻһǰȭЯħ
ɫ԰ףâȻŶһȻȴַͫڱ䣬ŭһɱ
ֲ֮Уʹͫͬʱַ嵽ˣһȭη϶кɱֱԷţ¡һ죬ԷԴֱըѣɢȥ£һŶ
ҿķΣɫѿ˶̵˲䣬ַɱˣֶδЩˣͬԵ˴ǿսѧԺǱϵҲ֮ˣ˲
һֱַڵζȥĻڹΣ¡һ죬ڳƿ۵ȭڡ
׷ַ֮㱾ǰӰȻӵ׽һɷ֮⾳ģֻ֮ͬɱУ۵֮ȭնڣһ֮紵ҪˣȴâֱӴĺоЩ漴׷롣
¡Ҳ䱬ֻɫ԰ףѿĶַ㡣
λǱǿߣ˵Ŀ죬һϱն
âҫĿ˵ϷɷĻֻһ׵Ż֮⡣
ַһͷϿգͬʱгְ˱̫֣̫֮ҫۡ
Ҷңұն䡣ˣɫ԰ף˿̣ɥʧս


1772 ⻯
ַعͷػߵĮɨһۣ߰ɣҲɱ㣬Ҷɡ
˵գַͫɨһ⣬ʹͷ΢΢һĿ⳯Զķɷһۡ
ʱɷȻ۾Ŀ⿴ַߣͫкâ˸ַʵϵͨȫóת˲ɱλǱǿߣЩǱˣҲʵ
ַ½ĿϣĵѰ·
˵գַеİ˱̫շѹʱһ̫âȥգ֮ϳһֻɫ⣬ɱȥ
ɫѿе׵編͵ĻӶ׹̫ײձѿֻһŭŭն磬ֲ֮¶ǿޱȣƺһռ֮ʱһɫơ
ǣ³һ׹⣬ʹ屬ˣͬʱһҫĿľ̫ͫ׵У۾Ϲ
ַŭһһҽУ۾еĻ汬ͬʱŭХͷ­ն
ˡߵǿĿ΢΢һַֻ㻺תĵ㻹ߣ
ɫӲַֻסַͫ׵УһȪ֣ʹ־·𱻽סεıһħʴ԰ΣĤ֮УΨо֮ˮ֮
֮Ȫ·£زã֮ħ޷нѳҪ֮ħ
áͫ׶Ȼ£漴ֳַֻһǹɱַδǹȴ·ͻȻʧ˰㣬ٴγֵʱֱӴü֮áǹ̺֮Ī⣬׽Ĳס־֮ʱѾˣ
ַӰӹǰӣһȵ֮ڣơ
ַ㣬һ͹ʵˡ΢Ц˵һֶ̫ˣ񣬲ͬȵһһ˾ÿֲ
ʱɷȻվ۹Ųַ̤
ʵʵЩϧˣȻҴӦ˱ˣվͱȻҪɱġɷ֮УĿַ⳯һĮ֮͸һǿ֮
ַ㣬ǵذַɷóϵԼڷɱ˹졢Ѳ⣬ʵǿ˶ϣǳΣգǱذʮλѶԸַ˵ʹַ㰵ͷսѧԺλʵʵͺǿ󣬴λӵذʮλȻԷʮҪصġ
츳ѡսɣñƾʵսɷƽ˵ַֻĽ³һƬ֮ɫͬҹɫһɵð棬ְڷ򣬾ҲǺķɡ
ɷ޲ǿҵţ·ַɣ졣
ذ£ַ³һ漴ǰ̤Զ䣬ܲ
ʱַѾǹͰ˱̫ȻñĻԼҪռƣȻҪս
ܷң˭µģַĿ⿴ŷɷĮһ
һ֮ˣ֪ҲͽȤΪҵһ磬ȳְɡɷڣַŲȻ̤һؽ۶ɣ֮ѹۣɷܹĸܵһɳ֮⾳
֮Уһѹȶ£ɷ̧ͷоԼԵĲһһصĹɽѹ
⣡ɷͫ΢΢£һǿԣλʾ磬ͨ⣬ʹ÷ͨΪǿɱǿ
ǣλʺλʵĲֲˣɷֻ죬ʱһɿֲ֮ϯ۳һɿµķ籩ӡƬ񷣬պɱȥ
ɿֲײһֲֿĹĻըѣַӰ𣬶һǳɣڶʽŶ̫֮£ʹƬȻ֮䱻ȫ̫֮â
ɷһһڷ֣ΪģΧҹ֮ɫ̫֮޷룬ɰڷգҪַҲȥֳַֻ̫ɱ£֮硣
ڶʽδ£׷֮ȻŶڣ˲Ϣ䣬ûйѰ
ߡɷЦһͬЮŷ֮ķǱַķǿ࣬ٶȸ죬ںڰ˸׷֮֮ʱɷӰʧˡ
䣡һɿֲӺɱͬװը죬ַ嶸Ȼ䱬ѿʹ÷ɷͫȻ¡
סӰ̤ڰ֮ϣɷֻΧַӰÿһַ϶͸ǿϢټ١ʵʵ޷˭Ǳ˭ǻû֮
⻯ɷĿ΢΢һַֻɫȫһΧм䡣
ˣֻһַͬʱڰ̤֮ƷٵĽ֯ãȻſʹ÷ɷоһɲϢ⻯ƺʵģǽǻû֮ô򵥡
ˣٶȱ̤Ѿ֮ǵ÷ɷĿ΢΢һ漴ϵİڷǿ˶·˰֮ɫ˲ʵ֮
Ӱ磬ڷɷҪڰ֮УȻֻʱַͬʱ̤أʱֲؿռҡϣʹƬճһֲΣЩӰȻΪɷӰ
ɷͫղַһԽſƣδ⣬ַʹ⻯ͬʱ˲Ϣ´󣬽ƬססҲסַԼ
Ϊ֮󣬵һͷţսҲزġַӰͬʱڣ˿̵·վ˸ղŷɷĮԵ͸ΨҶ֮ţգɷ
ɷĿⲻתɫѿַδ
ˣַֻٶͬʱ֣ȴǶеķɷ֣ǿ֮ʹƯֲơ
ɷɫѿڲٵȴ̫ǿԽʱ䣬ԽΣգڵѾղôˡ
ڰ֮ӰٶȿֲַһֻƶȻɱʱϺӳսιͬǧսͬʱշѹأЯ֮ǿޱȡ
ͬʱַӰҲˣһ͸֮⣬̤ľɱأ˭ɱ˭
һַҫĿصĴ֮ɱ£ʹ÷ɷоһޱȳصѹַ㣬ͬʱָо


1773 
̨һ𣬴˿¶һƵĽ֮⡣
ôôģֵĿźֺһַʦֵ
ǲôģַ㣬ˡƽ˵˴Сһ·Ǿķ˲ЩܹģȻַȥˣŲ¡
һ˿ɲô룬ĺɫƽȴ΢Щ䣬Ŀ⳯ԶһۣаͿ쿪ʼˣɷҲû˰ɡ
ĺȻỳַܲһ٣ɷλǿߣҲ˵ͬ蹵˵Ǳַֻ˰ǿ߶ѣɷǱذʮλټλǱ˰ǿߣݣַ
ڣֻȷɷǹμˡ
ˣֻӰ̤ĺĿֻ̧Ǻľ赺ϣǳ䣬ɵ¶һĨЦ⣬ܺľΪ£ҺļĺȻҲй֮ˡ
ļ죬ֳһзǱʵļ䣬绢˿ãǼǣͬǱˣսѧԺΰռǱ˰һϯλܶ˶˵ֳܻ·Ǳƣǿ̤
Ӱվյͣ£ĿⲢδĺֱӳ̨˿ȥ˫ַڣ
ߣԼ˱֮£֪ʡ̨һʹüüͷ΢壬˻⣿
ǡʱĺڣĮɨһ̨ˣ漴˸ĺߣʵô£
һսַ⻹ɱݣݶ׼䣬ַ޷Ųμˡĺƽ˵ʹüüͷ΢΢ţ漴һΪмԸַѣȻҪֶΣѹս̨֮ϻᱻַ̤
ˣ޹ؽҪ֮ˣ˱ˣҲǰۡľĮ˵ʹ˶¶һĨ֮⣬Ц˵ս֮ˣ˵Ҳţ֪Ƥ
֪ܣΪʸһ˱԰ıǮˡ̨Ҳ˵ȻľԼȷʵҲǿ߶ԷǸԽУǱս̨֮Ϸֻܣֺ
ľͫɫĮĵ̨ǼסһὫǲɾ
ƾ㣿м˵
㸸ĸҲսѧԺһֱ㼸ֱ棬ΪԼɫҲΣ㸸ĸҲֻǡϡѣսѧԺ֮ϵܶࡣǵ͸żвζʹɫΪÿ̫ˣȻĸҲǣ
㲻ѧԺȴԴǶԳϲΪиֳΪΪ𣡡
Σһ⣬ҸҸ磬ңҲҪһ߳ơ
ߡЦڴʱȺһɧֻ֮ԶգһӰƮ۷׷ס
ѧԺﵽˣʮλȺĿЩˣ˽սѧԺֻۼ˷ܷⳤϯλңҪѧԺףЩˣۼǿߣĴѧԺԻ߳ȥΪһ˽ܣѧԺǿҲǿֲѹ˶ԣʥֲĴһҲͬʲôʥ壬ĴѧԺ
ҵˡĸĸһЩһ̨ǰս֮ϣݡ
ϡμ֮඼ĺһǺܶ˶ǵһμѧԺĳϣƽЩ˼żѧԺ߶Ҳϵá
ԶƲʹȺ׷̧ͷĿ΢Щ𶯣ѧԺϹŶҪˣǿһǿʥۼ𣬼ڹʥ壬Ҳһ֮ǳѧԺԿһʥȻȴ־ڴˡ
ֻӰȻսλ֮ϣͺƾոֵİ㡣
εʮ䣬ϴγֵλϹŶûظսѧԺжٿֲЩμһʮа˵
棬ȻˡĿ⿴ߣϹŶһΣĸ棬սѧԺʣܹնأ￪磬ӵ
ַôû漶ַܹõԺǰ;޿ɹа뵽ʱĸĸĿ⿴ߣ΢΢˵ͷֻҪַððͷǾͿ԰һ£ֻǧѷ꣬ʮ궼һһλᡣ
ʱĿҲм֮ˣ񣬶ľ棬ҸɽмһΣӦϵңһҲ£ûȤ˵ӣߵλϹŶҲǷͬСɡ
áľ΢΢ͷĿһĨڴ֮⣬ܹõԺɳ·Ͽߺܶ·
Ҫʼˡ˷׷׿˵ʮһȵսѧԺ䣬̵ʮеѧԺЩˣлܹչ¶Լ
ôûлʱĺüԶķһַۣ㾹ҲҪɷǽôãûɱôɷֻԷһģǶǱ˰ϵǿߣ֣ӦѾַܽնɱˡ
ʱԶӰַ̤ӰƮݷǷ֮ĺͫ׶Ȼ£ƽһĺ⡣
ôܣôŻŴ˻ĺüͷĿ⿴ַû˳֣ɷǣûг֣ĺоţЩɱַأ
ַ㡣ǣҲַɵúһʹ˷׷׽ĿͶԶַ㣬ˡ
һȻû£䶼ˡΪ죬ԷȻ˾֣ȻΪɱַģǣַĻˣ䡣


1774 Ҳս
ַ㡣̨ڿգ溬Цݣӭַ
ַֻ̤һߣĿɨĺһۣĮ˵ǳţһȺ֮ҲսѧԺгֱۣ衣
ַ֮ʹĺܱ֮˶ȻһֲŭĿŭַ㣬ַδҲ̫սѧԺ˲֪ŰԵ˸ҷַ㾹ţԼ֮󲻾
Բѡͫױɨַ㣬ҲǼǳ֮ˣַ֮ԣҲȥ
ǳλǱ˰ǿߣֵڻĽ֮УвǰȻɱңһȺ֮ʲôΪսѧԺӣ֮Ϊ飬ֱѧԺ
ַò棬ʹΧȺ׷׽ĿͶˣʱжżΪ֮ԵʣʵӴܺЩԽ޶ȣѾûʲôǲˣַǱս̨֮輧֮ˣűԿܷ
ҵָ輧ŵˣټַǸ츳ڣ˽ɱĹȺ뵽֪λǿˣϣǱҪȥǱ˰񿴿˵ǷڷǱ˰֮ϣûУζѾַնɱַľʵδЩˡ
ʵǲ֪ǣλǱ˰ϵһλǱذϵǿҪ˽ɱַ㣬㣬ֻĺ֪ʱĺЩɻ󲻽⣬ѵǷɷûгô
ַ㡣ǱһʹΧռһ󰲾ֻɫɱ˵𣿡
̨֮֮ˣǱ˰ս̨ӭս㼧ǳ֮ˣֻҪԸ⣬𣿡
ַĿȻԵ̨λǿֻһλȻλһ磬֡աڡ⡡䡢̨󺦳棬ݣѾɱλǱ˰ǿߵǳţòҲҲͼǡľһս֮ˣ̨֮˺塣
ûһȺģԺսѧԺһɣҲֻǺٻѣһ֮磬ǳţҸճ̨ɾ̨ͬը㣬ʹĺΪ׵ǳ֮һŭǳţָܵűӵ衣
Ȼ³̨ƺȷǿᣬλһܹɨˣַ㡢֡գǱ˰ǰʮϯλ
ַĿĺϣ˵ȻΪǳŵȻЩֶκѲ˸ϵ߿˵һж˼
ʱַ㶢ĺĺ㣬ҲӦս
ĺɫ΢΢𣬿ַһ֮⣬սǼսǰû˸Լ˷ڣˡ
֪һսǡǿޱȣĿǬ֮Ϣ·Щ˵
޳ܡ̨ŭһ
սôֻ࣬ҪӦսһ㹻ˡַĮ˵ԣϹϢײһɿֲ⾳ŶǹѹʹòϢ֮УǰԵޱߡ
̨֮ϣĿַ⳯ͼǱһۣ֮˵˵Ǽܼ֮ǰɣ˵ѾǱ˰һ𣿡
棬ȷǼǣ츳ǲֳ٣ΪսѧԺһԱ֮΢Ц˵ʹ΢΢ͷֵ˭֪Ǻ֮ˣΪҿΪֻѣ
Ϊ֣ΪƵȷֻ֮ԱλҲ¶֮ɫţַǵΪκε֮ǲǵġ
档ʱƸĿ⳯߿΢Ц˵֪Ϊַ㣬СŮѣ츳ƶϵЩ⣬ȤлҿԴǰɽȥݷ档
ԭˡ΢΢ͷȻöƸ˼ڶټַ㣺ȿսѧԺʮɾΰɡ
Ļ£ʱЩϷ׷վǰһ̨ټĿռȻ㰲ַ࣬ͼǵ˿һĻҲûмִη׷׽ڵأĿ̨⳯ȥ
սѧԺ䣬ʮһȣʮЩϼһȻݣսѧԺȴݣǶ츳׿ԽǸݣһҪọ́ˣЩϼһôҲҪտҲ֪ϼһﶼڿǳɳ
Ŀ⿴ˣ˵ţˣЩϼһֻѣǣɻǣĹһϵӢչԼʵɣλãԼҲΪûһˡ
ĻʱȺ׷׽ĿͶ̨ϣУǿ߾ʮˣһˣŴʼߣһˣ䡣
䲻ڣû˵ʲôսѧԺУܹλãļ䣬ȥ֮λˣ㣬սѧԺҲ
ɡֻʱһλǿ߻ָ̤һλǿߵһս
Ƿʮλķս֮ʮλȺô󣬿˽ǷȺ˵ɲǱ˰׷䶯˶пܳӶ˰
ѾǷǳȶһݰˣۼսѧԺǿİˣб䶯˿ⷽ˾λսȻԼʵΪš
˵Ĵսûʧ඼λǿߣԷó뻯򱾾ǿޱߣɫ䣬ȻǵĿȴǿ䳡ս̨ΧǿҲæನʹùȥ
ꡣʱַ㶢ˣǵѾ뵽˻֮Уܹ巢ǿսˣϢϢصҲǿޱȣвܹǽɱ
գսˣûܹսɹһ񣬵սȴǳʣҲû¶֮⣬ֻҪսǿˣ񣬳ܹŲ
в˽棬ֲַܿ㿴ЩսͷսѧԺ֮˶Ϊ֮ˣЩϵκθսѧԺǿˣκ˵սǿµģ⼸ܹɨͨλǿˣҪʵ»Ҫʱ䡣
οԵλʵǰеĲ·
˵ʵȻǻԵģǱʵˣҲˡһλ߰̾˵
ûǱ֮˵ȷѰѳһλϧˣǲºͼΪսѧԺ˫ˣɸһߵ˵Ϊп飬Ҳ֪һЩģ졢ɡ䣬Ǿ


1775 
˶ֻǿͣϾϵˣֻаλҪս֮ˣڴ֮
λϹŶԼĿ⿴ڶȺֻ΢Ц˵սѧԺӢ츳պܴŹʡ
л档ϵȺ΢΢ǷǳǷϵҲһܹΪ漶ĿֲǿߣҪﵽһ磬Ѿӽļˡ
ǣҾͿ򿴵Ϸĵꡣ΢Ц˵Եø׺漴Ŀֿ̨¶һĨ΢ЦǶǽʮԺӵᣬ֮Σ뿴ǵı£Ҳ˽½ʮ˶
Ȼ֪˭쳣츳Ƽʵֳĸλǿٲ񣬵ȵ䣬û˼ˡЦͣȺ˿޷ϸܵеǹʡ
СһǣҪıԼҲ濴ǵ츳ƼʦءԵλǿ΢Ц˵ʹɫ΢вЩѾ˵ˣܻ˼
չ°ɣһչʾ˱ڿҿЦݺ㣬ֻһ˵
£һӰڿգͷǿϵ֮ʹͫ΢΢£ӵַ
䣡ֻһʱ졢һԭɳ֮߱ͨһǳɣǿᡣ
սѧԺǿ΢΢ͷʣںͨУΪǳ⵹츳˵ٺ˼¶ԼˣԵЩΡ
ȻڶӰڿգýͬʱϵӽ֮ʱУз⾳֣ͨǳѷڵһˡ
ʡ΢ЦͷʱüӰ׷ڿն𣬶ʱϢ˳öϵƿֲ֮ͨҽͨӵ˼£ӵΰҲӵʣŷǷ
һĻĻ¿տŵ˶оĿѣԣַ㿴һǿųʵɵи̾սѧԺȻûӹˡ
Ҳȥԡ̨һЦ漴ڿնһʨŶʱز·һӴֲľʨ֮Ӱʨ·ڹڣһ̵̨֮С
̨ʵǿĺÿ졣ַ㿴е̨һǹ̥߳
ıըôоʶ֮СֻһλĿ⿴̨૵һ֮΢΢ͬһ֮âǺ񣬺졣
ԣ죬ɱûôֲ֮֮ͬ򷨣Ǭһ϶յӡ̣Ǽһ̫ϧˣȻ䣬سսѧԺʱ򣬼Ƕû
֪սѧԺʱٳһһڣ˷·ȻʧɫѧԺǾһˣ·ŵĹâڸס
Ȼ䣬ַһХعڣһɿֲ̫֮񷣬ҫء
漴ֻгһ̫ڡ
һȻЩ棬˿̱Ǻһȡַ㿴еӴ̫΢Ц˵
֮Ҳڿգ壬һض
һǿ׷׳֣չ¶Լ츳΢ЦŨϵͷȴǲٷԡ
Ҫ漶￴ϣѰɡַа˵ε֮Щ䶼۾ˣԲࡣ
ǰֻʱλڿն𣬶Զ֮ϵ΢΢ƼһˣļҵϵѪ֮ˣϵļѽӽ֮ͨأϣлõָ㡣
˵գǳľһۣľ建ڿն漴ͷԼǹɷĿµҲ֣·ʱܱĶ۾Ȼܹóġ
츳ʱĻԵҵɽȥһҲָܶһ֪ɽġľ΢΢ͷľ츳ȷʵΪȻ޷۾ģصĻǼǣ츳ǿᣬּ֮緶Ҫһңͼ䣬ҲЩϵģҲǸһЩӡ
лǰľɫϲ΢΢ܹ̤ɽ֮ǵλҫЩҲһȻᡣ
лǰҶԺΪʦΪǴľγǰ˸ֱߵ󣬷ǳĿ⿴˵ʱȴһĨȻ֮
иֳǺá΢Щ֮⣬⼧սѧԺ˭˲֪ͲϹŶЩ˶ԸָΪֳԵʣټǿ츳Ҳõ˵ľõչˣĻľ츳ȻЩŵУ츳ǿ䲻̫࣬ҲһЩģƾʲôܹõ
ȻҲֻ롣
ߡһĻʱһ˶ţ̫ɶˣľʲôʸ
ַ㣬㵹Ǳ츳ַһۣһʱô͵ʲô
ַԼЩԥģƣͼعϵǳܣ˽ˣˣҲ֪ĵõǸǻˣַһֱûж
λǰҲƼһˡʱ׶λ΢΢һЦ棬Ҹղź˵ˣ뼧Ƕţ츳Ҳǳ⣬ӵжϵ
˵ţֻĸ׽ĿͶַ㣬ַ΢΢ͷʱַֻӰڿա
ַ㣬ͷԼķƸַ˵ַһʱʮϵ֮ʹòͫ΢΢£ʮ壬ңɾʮַ
ʮУܹɾʮȴҲʮܹģң˵ΪȻ䣬졣
ߡһʮѣӶ棬츳ҲֻԺöѡ


1776 ƽ
Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ʮʣʮϵ֮Ϊλ侳磬δ˵ȹ¡
Ϊô£ַʵ
֮ʱͻʽ٣޷ɻʣһŭ֮³ɾϵϵ򣬳ɾҵʮ򣬵޷ͻƵʾַ㿴棬ƽҲ˵֮¡
ʽ٣ɫһ֮ɫϸַΪûκ⣬ȷ䣬޷ɻʣʮϵΪ档
˴ڡ˿ַ㣬¶ɫ
棬̤ʽ٣ǰ;޿ƸĿַһۣ˿˵ĻԣЩͬ䲻ַ֪Ϊˣϣ̵ַܹ㣬ַһѣַջдɾ͡
˵ѣѰкοɽ̵֮Į棬ľֻϵ򣬵Ǳ츳֮ˡ
ɫƽ漴΢΢ͷȡͻʾ磬ҲһΪ
Ļʱɫ΢£˼ѾˣǲַˣƽȤַ㿴ܷл˿мڣڼǺַ֮䣬ȻѡǵģϾǵ츳ַӵлʽ٣ѡ
档ʱƸڣַܹӵлʽٵ³ɾʮϵ츳ȷʵܹлͻƣǿޱȡ
˵ˡβƸ˼˵˵ȻףˣϣַŬȡƿʽ١
л档ַ΢΢Ƿ漴¿ȥ̨ϣһĻʹƸɫ΢ַͣһۣôʱַҲ΢΢ͷƸŰˣٶʲôַԼ⡣
˿һĻж΢Щ˼Щַ֪¼֮ˣû뵽սѧԺǱ˰ַ㣬ȻӵкĻʽ٣񣬴˺ͼгԹңǺľΪܣƺַǳĲ
ҿвûչԼ츳αزûְţγɾ;ǿ·ٵһʱв˹ڿգ¶Լʵ
ַ㿴һչַɣȴֹˮƽһЩ˵ĸпãã֮·̫ʱֺΣӵпֲʣȴܳ׵չֳ棬̫Ĺ˼ɡ
ַ㡣ʱߵַߣַһ
ʦַ̧֡ͷź΢΢һЦʦֺβȥԣֻȻܹǴһ
΢΢ҡҡͷַ㣬˵ĿֻҪ֪Լ׷ʲô㹻ˡ
סַ΢΢ͷô˵ĿҲԷôԼؼǣ飬Լʲôϵأͬʦ˵ֻҪ֪Լ׷ʲô㹻ˡ
ַʢʮݱȻַȴ·˰㣬һжûйϵ侲˿̵ų侲ֱĽ·Ȼδ֪㡣
ַ㡣ʱַּ㰲վǣ·룬ɵֺһ
ţַ̧ͷźֿһۡ
ʮѾˡ΢ЦַĿ⳯ԶȥŷЩԼﾹ˸뿪ǺľҲˣڷԼʮսѧԺһ˽⣬ЩϹŶԼѧԺҲˡ
ǻȥɡַ΢΢һЦ漴һ˸Ȼʱַֻоһ⽵Լϣʹַüͷ΢΢£漴Ŀ⳯ĳȥֻǱĺ˺Ȼǣĺԣһλǿߣɫ䣬͸һ֮⣬ǹɺǴͷųġ
λǿߡַɫ΢˵ʵǳǿᣬӦòĺַѾ²˶ԷݣȻ֣֮̾ˡ
ĺ㲻˵Ѿ𣿡̾ĿΪãַ
ĺ˻üûлشȴַ̾䲻ɱˣɡ
˵գ̾ȥһĺ
ĺַ㣬һ漴ͬ߿ַĿԵΪĮĺıӰҪҵĻ̨ջսǳţˣ
ĺĽŲ΢΢ͣ£һɺ¶Ȼ漴ǳŵֶ׷̧Ų϶͸ŭɫ


1777 ʥĹ
սѧԺɽɽƮ취Ϣڿ֮Уֻʱһŵŵ֮УһЩǿĻߣֲ̺־
ǣʱŵ̤֮ǰÿ̤һпֲ־ɱ¾ûһŻӰֲ̺й
䣡һ죬ٶȱԭأŵ֮⣬˫Խ
ʮɾ룬ˣŵ֮Уֻ̤ʮɡϢͼâɣ֮ʥ̺ѹȻˣǹŵеһ񣬷·һɷ赲ÿһ
ǣʮɣѾǳˣֻ̤ɾ룬˵ֳλ֮ʱҲֻܹ̤ʮôŬܹ̤ʮɡľǰ˵
УܱҴô࣬˶˵ҼҴӻ֮¡΢΢ҡͷ漴عͷľ¶һĨ飬ľգ΢Цˣκ˲Ҵ磬䡣
㣬Ҽȥļˡľ΢΢һЦΪչˣṩ䶼ܴʵ·һΣǸǾλʾԽԽˣʱ򣬱ȻǱذǰ
Ȼľչˣǵ츳УΪԵʣ㼧ҲԣǸҪǿֳܾ䣬ȴ˶ĸӹâֵĴڡ
ȻսѧԺĸŲڼĹâ֮أÿһĵȻΪģʷɣͬʱ𣬵̤ߴģֻһˣǼ䣬ҲԼѹ֮ˣɡ
̨ԽȻСĹ̨֮ͣ¿Ƿǳģʹ̨׳˲٣ͬʱ̨ںֵĴ£澭Ѫ˶ԺԽľأ¹壬ÿִԶǽΣ֮¿ԼϣȻֺôʱȴһͬʣû衣
̨սѧԺλȦԽԽ죬λǿע⣬ʢһʱޱȵǳţȴ·ԽĮ̇Ե˵ǳţʽΪڼŵĸӹ»ȻһҲΪһһֱڵԵʣǡ
ʱַԺ䣬Ҳ̨ڵأĿ⿴ź֣ĿжһĨɫ
֣һҲ̫˰ɣѾ˴мϢδ죬˿ϢһҪȥΣյź΢΢Щݣһ̫ˡ
ֻϦսѧԺУǿ󣬱˲Ŀ䣬һƷâֻвϾѪܳɳΪṩ̫õĻᣬõûᡣ
ݣַǼһﵹ֣Ȼôƽչ˰꣬û߳һǼһԴʮַ֮Ǽһûгˡ
գγջ񡣡ֵ˵ַǼһҲǸգӲ˷ʱ䣬Ǳչã
ϣ˰ɡ£а룬ǼһﵱձǱȥ治Ը̼ܵ˰ɡ
ˣڴʱֻһɳ֮ڵӰȻԺ֮С
ڣôˡõ˵
Ҫı˴ˡĿ͸ŷâ
üͷһȻӼȻȴӲ˵ϻڣԭ
ΪΣʵ
鱨ϢŶ֮УʥĹᡣĿ͸֮âʥֻǳһ¹ѣƺǿ˷ֵģȻʥС֪ĹᣬܿʥҪؼˡ
ʥ塣ɫһâ߳ŶĹʥڳ˵ȻҲ˵ģʥĵع֣ҲŶСĲʥַҲھô
λΪΣĿ⿴ˣʥĹ֣ȷһ£»ǿǰۼǿߣˣЩԥģۼǿ̤㣬ҲԵõô
ȥŶʥ塣ʱһԺĳȴ漴ȺֻһӰ̤Ȼַ㡣
һóˡַһۣһչرǰ̨꣬ȴз˲飬ǳŵѹƣǺֵʵǷֶι̨֧ŵڡ
ַ㣬ΪȥŶֶַʵ
ʥ屻֮ǰӦд׼ǽعԼˣȻĹ֣ӦҲʹйأõۼǿ׼̤ġַ㻺˵׵Ǽһʥ̫ӣ޼ҲʥйأȻŶʥַ֣ȻҪȥ
ҲͬȥŶջ˵
ȥŶ
˷׷׿ڣһ¾ǰŶʥַ֮ء
ʱڵ
ڰɣȻǵõϢҲ֪ˣ⣬ѧԺ¶֪һϸŶ粻˳١ַ㿪˵
ߡվʱ˷׷Ժ˸ȥ
ַͬԤϵǰ㣬ʱǳԼ˺ϲһֻǰһλǿĿ⿴ˣ˵ϢŶʥַ֣ϴǴˣٶȿĻһᣬһʥַ˭޷ԤܵõʲôôˣټǳԼţԸǰˣҳ
ĺǳŵˣͳ˿Ⱥеĺ
ĺĿ˸£ڵԼľɻɽɽҪҪ֪ͨǣ
ȻˣİǵΪܾ١˿˵ˣȻڴ˿̣Ӱ̤ȺĿתȻ㿴Լľ
һʥַôܴǵ˵˷׷׵ͷ
ͬʱѧԺبѧԺѧԺŶʥĹֵַϢ֮˱Ŷһ籩


1778 ѧԺ
Ŷھ˹㺮֡塢ӡԼ֮һʱԻͣһ඼ǰ֮ص֮ǣʹŶʧȥ˼
ƺ»ʥַŶŶͬʱ֮ص׷׵õϢϸŶʹŶһξ۽½Ŀ⡣
Ȼʥַƺôýģδյʥ֮أھվɵطǳңԶһ߹żУϣûܹ뵽ʥ壬ôңԶĵط֣ճֵĵعֻһס
ⲻɵǵʿǼһﵱڵعеõ񣬵е̺ʲô˵ֵʥĹ֮أǵʿĹӰӣȻ⴫Ų֪Ǽ٣һȷǣȻĹ֮سˣǼ㵽ɺܹ̤С
ΪʥĹ֮Χֲвܹ˴ݻѾʦ׷׸ϸĹ֮أоĹ󷨣ͼܹ̤ʥĹ֮档
ʱ߹ƣһޱ߾޴ĹĹ˵ǰһ޼ĹعȻȺ˵ԶԶģĹعļ·пſֲơ
Զһɽ֮أվŲӰĿ׷Ĺ֮أܵȻȴ΢вʥĹַܹ̤Уܵõ޴ĺôϧȴ棬޷̤롣
һɽ֮ϣӰվڶ壬һһŮӣվףһһλħƮˣȻػʺ;ħۡ
û뵽ʥ徹һ֣Ĺ֮زڴ˴˵ѩ֮ʱ׵ۣ𣿡ػĿ⿴žħۣʵ
΢΢ף׵ۣȷַߡ
Ļ׵δʥ壬ȻǸЩʲôָʾһճڹ㺮ˣ׵ۡػƽĿ˵ħޱ飬ĻӦȷп׵ۣյʣҲܽһơ
Σƿǿƣ֮׵ۣܷ˳ػһâ;ħۣһεˣĶޱȵļͣΨж֮·ǿȥ۷֮·
Ȼȥɣ󷨿»Զûôܹ⡣ػ΢Ȼƿնȥħ̤֮գ˾㶼ʧӰ
ʥĹŵ֮⣬зԲһƬ嫵򣬳֮⣬Ҳ˵õ˲ٺôϾʱʥĹ֮سֵʱѣƬԲкܶըѵΧ˷׷ڷԲ֮ѰǷʲôջ
ʱԶһӰЩһȺ֮ˣϾ㶼һɫΣݣҾ㶼Ե÷
Щ䶼ֻʾ磬һȣ֪ĸ֮ˡ˿һа˵
ԪŶˣЩڶǰһΣԪŶѧԺΡʱһĿⶢЩˣɵͫ΢΢£Щ˾ȻѧԺˣ֮еһ
˵Ŀ׷׳ͶѧԺھ½ʥ֮أ½Ψ֮ӵѧԺǿǴѧԺ֮߳˾һ½󷲿ѧԺ˶߿һۣδǿߡ
ѧԺѪᣬ˶ǳָоһݣ緢
û뵽ѧԺ˶ˣϢøԶģ˵ѧԺ鱨Ƿǳֲģˡа
һȺ˵ˡȺһȥͬһˣǲһɫΣûô뻮һ֮С
ͦ졣ʱЩȺУʹѧԺͫ΢΢һЩˣѧԺˡ
ѧԺҲѧԺ˿˵ĿײһѤ֣֮½֮ǣѧԺʮЩѧԺ֮⣬Ҫ֤Լӵĳڡ
ѧԺɫ΢ѧԺǿ߾㶼ӵˣѧԺǳֻ֣ߣһǱ
û뵽ʥĹַôˣѧԺǿǧϸɼʥյĺպǳưŶĴڣ˲֪ȻȴϧһʧӴɢΪʷżֱַȫǰ
ԽԽ˵ĴӸط׷׸ⷽ漸֮أüΪһȥĴ˼ʡ
ʱڼ֮⣬һ˳޴ŷշУٶȿֲڷƲ֮¿շ򣬿ޱȾ޴ĹŵΪ𺳣֪ŵ֮вʲô
ַ㣬ŷٶ湻ģǿʥݵһ֮ˡ̨˵ַŷ޷ǳ㡣
ߣȥַ΢Ц£漴һʱŷ¿Ʈȥʱ˲˵Ŀ⡣
һȺʷǷ뵽ѧԺ
ǡַ㡣ڴ˿̣һŶ֮Ŀ⿴ַ㣬¶һĨ֮ɫȻַˣպºַ㣬֮ˣˡ
Ŷ˶ַģϾŶҲ˲СʱȺĿ׷׳ַ¶ɫַѧԺ
֪ЩĸѧԺˣַ㾹ҲΪѧԺطŶ
ַˣڡԼ⡣ַһˣǿŶ뢺ˡֿںǣɫ΢
λһѧԺ֮ˣʱֻһӰĿַ⳯
ַ˿ǣһɫۣݣˬӢˡ
ӦòʥݵİɣһǵѧԺ俴һЩ˲ɵҲʵ
ҵǣ𻰱㷴ǣѧԺ֮𣿡ʱһ˵ԴʱʹȺͫ΢аЦЩͬѧԺļһкǿ֮ġ
̨üͷһʶѣѧԺ֮磿Ǵ²ɡ
ߡЦΣ
㡭̨ɫ΢ŭȴǵװƺѧԺġ
м۹⡣Ц
ǲ˶ġĿɨЩѧԺ֮һۣ漴׷׳ǹŵ̤ȥЩ˵ƣ


1779 
ɫ·ַ֮У¿֮أ嫹Ρ׳ۣޱȣƬϷһµѹκҪƾƿ¸ܣʥŶ˵
ʥʥ۰ԹŶ֮أʥܹģ˲ʥĺպܳӵءŤתǬ֮ܡ
ȻʥַȻڻ֮ǰȻ׼ܹ̤еġ
ӲƹŵܹŵַķƺΨһɫ·
ʥĹ֮صǰżɫ·ǿޱȣŶÿһɫ·֮ϣ޾ƣƣʱкܶʦڽɫ·֮оЩ·Ҫ֮ƽ⣬Ӷܹ̤ǰżС
ɫŵÿһɫŵ󷨲ƣַͬ㿴ŽɫĹ·ɫʥ󷨿νǵǷ켫޼ȵѧҲԵʥ壬׵ǼһȻʥ̫ӣѹ׷޼۶ȥ
ɫŵһһɱŲ̤ɱԽԽƣҪͨǧɱ̤ŵ֮У졣˿̣¿һλǿ߻˵ľҪ߹ǧɱ֮·ܵ˰̤ŵ
оɫŵÿһŵͷǹŵڣô̤Ÿ·ڣľǷһʱ֮Уյһ
пܡɫ΢ڵͬĽɫ·ܿͨͬĵط
֪һɫŵܹ򿪣Ⱦɡַ㻺ڣ漴һӰ˸һԶĶ֮ͣŽɫŵŵп̺УҪ̤о֮£Ҳ̤ŵ
ַˣ˶ھ䣬ڹŵܱѰһ
ʱƣԽԽǿ߻ۣʥĴѧԺǰսѧԺҲ˽٣ǿԽԽˡ
ƯŮˡʱ̨˵һֻյУƮƮһаӰȺŽɫŵƮо֮ÿһ˶ǾףޱȣʹѧԺǿҲͫ·䡣
ǹ㺮ӰɣȻͬ԰һɡ俪˵ֺĿǶ΢΢£Ŀ⿴Щеһˡ
ᡣֺ૵ɹʥŮᣬΪ˹㺮֮һ
Ŀ⿴ַһۣһҲڣַĶԻַֺʦ֣Ҳ֪ᣬǺǰʶġ
ƺ˺֣Ŀ΢΢ת漴˺ֺյӰַ㡣
Ŀַϵһ̣ɵͷ΢΢£΢һƲ֮⣬޷ǹӰĵȻ
ֻʱַĿ䣬ɫƽޱȣ·κ¡κˣ޷ľв
ַ㡣૵ȻȴַƽĶ˵ͷӡ
ӡиоζ漴һĨЦݣַ㡢ֺ΢΢ͷ漴ת㺮ӳһɫŵ̤ȥȴЩɣ֮⡣
Ŀ⿴˿ᣬ漴ַֿ㣬΢Цŵϲ㣿
ַĿ΢ûпҡͷ˵
ŮˣôԹ϶ϲ㣬ѵ˺˱ˣЦŵַɴĻ
˹㺮ȻӵռĹ㺮̤ͬһɫŵȻʼо󷨣Ҫƽ
Ӧûкǿȴʥӵǿû´Ļ㺮Ҫλ㺮ַ˵
ڹ㺮Уȱ伮ӵиֲֿ۾ǹʥֻҪ㺮Ը⣬ܹһЩ츳׿֮λ㺮ӣɶӵв츳
߳ˣиԵĻԵֵ˵֪˵ʦǣ˿ںη
Ŵͬʱһɫŵƽǰ˵һɱ󣬲ϳŽɫŵǰУͬʱ˽ܣǰ
ϣɫ΢£ܣƺǶһЩ󷨡
ʱ˵Ŀⶼɫŵ֮Уѵ㺮Ҫһ·ƽ⿪
ʵ֤ɫ·ôƽ⣬Խ󣬾λ㺮ƺԽĳÿһǰжס
תۼ䣬ʱȥַĿʼնžɫŵžɫ·¼һ·Ź
⼸Уߵ˸սѧԺв˽٣֮ˡ
ŵ˵Ȼַǣ˿Ǳһ֮ϣĿ⳯
Щ˵Ƿˣһλǳŵǿ߷˵ַûӦ
Щ˲֪ҪѰҴ̼˷̿ڣǳŵ˱Ǹ߰ޱȣȻѧԺͷ̨ѹǼΪˬ֮ǵҪ̨˻ҲҶһ䡣
Ķٲ˹ƵļһսѧԺС̨һʹøղ˵֮ͫ䡣
ƹŵˡʱһȺֻ㺮ŵ֮ϣλ㺮Ӻͼλʦ֣Ѿߵ˹ŵľͷۿͽܹƽˡ
ˣڴʱһӰ˸Ȼǹ㺮˽ǽɫŵ֮ϣػʺ;Ĳһǹŵ̤ȥ
ڴʱһҫĿ֮ⱬֻɫŵͷĴ֮ſͬʱŵ֮ϣƱãһӰ˸̤ŵС
һ̣Ⱥ˸ŹŵȥȻʱɫŵ·ٶȱã¡һ죬֮űպϣֲɱȻ䱬̤Ͻɫŵ˲̤ɱ֮ϣ˲
ŵرգ¿ͫ΢΢£һӰ˸˿
ַ㣬ôַ֪һղַֹǰС
Ҳ֪ŵԭҲаٽȥַ˵ʹ˶¶âַ㾹˵аսȥ
λְɡʱЩʦ׼һˣ㺮þλ㺮Լλ󷨴ʦƽǱֲС
ܿ죬Щ֮˴Э飬׼ͬʱһЩ˹㺮ƽĽɫŵϣҪظ㺮ƽ̤֮ŵȥ
󷨱ˡ˻δ߼ͫһŵѾǸղ֮ˡ
ַ˵漴Ų̤˸ղ㺮ŵĽɫŵ֮ϣֱ̤ϣŲ̤ʱһâ˸ɱɢڻֱַ̤ǰŲ
û䣬ֻղŷע⵽ŵͬʱ⣬󷨽ˣ̤ͬһŵڣ


1780 ŵ
Ľɫŵַڽɫŵ֮ϣоɫŵ·޾·ʥϵ裬νǷ켫
ʱĿⶸȻͶַ㣬¶һĨ֮ɫַֻ㲽ǰÿһ̤ʹùƱãƽ⣬ʹܹϳŹŵȥһĽ⿪·̺󷨡
ʥսѧԺЩ衣ѧԺһĿⶢַǣַֻ֮˶ַܸ㳯̤ȥϳŽɫ·ȥ
ĺǵĿҲַ㣬һﾹȻܹڽɫŵߡ
ȥһӰ˸ѧԺնУַ֮Уɫ·һȫƽ֮ͻ±ãǶҪַƽȫ֮ǰַ󣬾˲һȥ
ѧԺ˸ˣĺҲ˹Ϊַƽǰܹûй˼ɵվڽɫ·Ͽա
ƽַüͷ΢΢£عͷɨһۣЩ˵ǻˣ󣬿Щ˲ŵֱܻӳϮɡ
ַĶͣ£ǵͫжһâ漴ַֻ³һ˵ɫ·֮⣬Ҳǰ벽
ţüͷһâ˸
СţҵȲ㣬˵·֮⡣ѧԺһ˵ͷһ㺮⡣
ھ𣿡ͫױ䣬ɱ˸Եޱȡ
ַͫâ˸ɫ֮˸ҫĿޱߣһǿϢų̺ѹ
񡣡ѧԺһǿһŲǰһֱ̤ӺһַȺɱȥһЩѵ
ַŲȻ̤ʱ̤棬ֲƷ۳ͣȻһ¹ƴӽɫ·ƿնͷſѹ
¡ǹ̼仯ɷ飬ֻɫ·ɣɱȻһֲɫдɱ
гֵѧԺɫһɫ·ױַ߶󷨣Ȼ䳯շˣַֻЦһŲٶȺݺݼ̤ʱӵĽɫâΣȻ佫УһĻʹɫ䡣
նַŭһһƬĽɫŵ޾ɱֱնеΣ˸ֲܵѹ׷׺ˣըѣֲɫâڿռ䵱УԼղǿӰɢΨзɢ
˿һĻͫ΢΢£ɫѿһλӽλ۷ǿߣȻ̼ͱɱˡ
ɫ·Ź֡Ⱥǹ·ԽԽֲַڽɫ·ϣˮܹ״߶󷨣еĿɱ⻹Χȵַ㲻ǰУɱֲ
ַĿӼǵˣһ
ļһȺо㶼ɱǼǣַĿɨ֮¡
𣡡һȻȻһʱյгһͷֲյշһ߹ŵ˲ϢַϯɱȥӴǻַˣ¶Ҫ˻
ַŲ̤ɫŵϳһſֲȻ佫еľ޴֮Ӱ֣漴һֲ˺֮ţķѣһεõѪĴɽ
ҵͼڹȻʹǻͬһа̾һȻɫ·еɱӿ£񱩵һ˲˺ѵ
ֲɫ⻪ٶȳ𣬼ǵȫ뿪ͬʱ˫һӡɱѣʹչݣȥĽɫ⻪·𶼱赲סˡ
ַŲ̤ʱַƽĽɫ·Ҳ貵Ľɫ⻪һĻеǿɫ΢ȫˣת˲Ѿ˽ɫŵΧַɵ⡣
ַĮɨЩһۣ漴תƽɫ·е󷨣ϳǰС
ɫ·ԽѹԽǿַܹõ¾͸ӿֲٿˡĺаţǶվڹ·Եַ㣬ַܹƿɫ·̺󷨣һ˲ȥ
ַ㲻ϳǰв˶ַɫŵˣЩ󷨴ʦҲһЩ󣬸տʼַ̤Ľɫ·Ǳ㺮ƽĽɫ··ˣΪǷԼµҲ˱仯˿Ҫģǿַ֮Ѱɫ·һ·֡
Ȼп󡣡˼ַɻǰУѾɫ·Ǽ˵Ļò̫þܹ̤ɫŵľͷӶ򿪹ŵˡ
׼ĺ˷׷׶ַӰϢۣʱ׼·ȥ
ֹһЩʱַ̣ߵ˾ͷ֮أһɹɺϢַһЦ漴Ųϲʱɫ·Ȼâ貣һɱţʹȺͫ׶Ȼ¡
ߡһӰַȥȴǿµɱû˹ŵ¡¡ŵ֮ſַһ˸̤ŵ֮С
ÿֻһֲӡȻɱǰӽŵڵֱ޲漴ֱ¿յɱû
˸Ҫ̤ȥȴԱ˹Ҫ·ȡⲻĻᣬɱһʹտҶһʼɫŵٶȱù
ãˡһŭȺٵĳ˳ȻǰУȴ˲Ϣ·ûɱʬ޴档
ˡȺһɫѿʧַӰַȫŵˣɫ·ȴٶȱպϣŵ֮һιرˣ˶档
ɫ·ãѰҸղ·ȥһλ󷨴ʦ˵׼׷Ѱ㺮ַĲԸղǽɫ·ΪпڣӶ̤ŵУַ緢һ㣬˼̹㺮ǳ˵ڶ̤ŵе
ֻҪܹҵ·Ϸа취ܹȥֻһλ߿˵ղһֱַµĹƣ֮


1781 
Ψй㺮֮ˡԼַȺ̤˹ŵ֮С
ַ̤ŵɲǣֻ֮УһֲĽɫڷܻѹ֮ͬ켣ѹȺϡ
ţַĿ΢̧ͷϿձõĽɫƣ¶һĨɫʲô
ҵΪʱȺΨһһλλǿһ֮ʹַĿתֻʱɫòƺڼΪȵ״̬С
ôˣַʵ
̧ͷ˸˵еѹѹΪ
ѹΪַͫ΢΢ĶֻͷųԼ²ݣȴλ۷巨ǿϣΪ⵽ѹơ
ǵģѹΪΪλ֮ȴѹƵλʡоΪ棬ĸ˿ûܵĸоΪȷʵǱѹˡ
ŵѹΪַ˸â˿̳ǰĳе֮⣬һɫ··죬·ӵĿˣͬһޱߵĴ㣬֪ͨδ
ǰƺˡֵһֻŵǰԶһبڹŵһӰǣƺ
ȥַٶȶȻ˸˳Źŵǰ̤ȥƬ֮֮ǰ湲ʮӰ̬죬·ʮŻʰ㴣ǣһˣһɫĺɫ֮·ֻҪһ̤Уܱɫǡ
˻ǻˣ̨һʮӰһƺû㡣
ԡַĿⶢʮӰ漴ĽŲĳ̤ȥ̤һɲǣȻƺһʵޱȵĹâɱʹĽŲ˲ˣһָֻ糣
ô£ʲôûУַ˻ԭֻ֮ûκβһжƽ糣
ַ㣬ʲôһ
̤һʱ򣬾˹һǿӡʵ飬޷ֵַ˵ܹ
־ַĻ˵ǸûпַȻƭǣôΨһĿܱǣ־ʮǿߣʵʮλǿµ־־֮ϣֻҪ̤־
־ַüͷ΢壺־ΪʵΨ̤ܸоȴ
Ϊʮ˶Ǵ־˵۾磬֮䣬ӵĪ֮ܣʵ־ȿ翵ĹҲʵ幥
Ļ΢΢˵ͷҲҸĸ˵۾ʾͬǵһأشӴ˸ϵȫؽϣع켣һʿնɽһҲɴ
һնɽӡһַ૵Ի𣬻ܴ죬ַ㿴ۼǿս侪ĶǣֻƤëδǿֻǳֱ㱻նһִۣ˴ƺǿ˶١
֪֮Ĳ࣬ʥ֮ʱжôֲ֪۵֪ó֪ͨʥӵкλ֮ܣҲûкʹۼǿײ
δ죿ַʵ
˵֮磬ܹ黯ʵ޵ĺܶͨʵֻǴǿ߹ӰǴĹͱ缧ǵ·֣ɴǿ߹ĻָᷢӵʵһλƿˮϵĴۣһһһλƿػϵĴأһŭɳһƬ
ַĽ͵һﲻ֪ô£Ȼ۾綼ĸĸۼǿߣڴۺ۵Ȼ֪٣ʥۼڣм˽⡣
ô˵ʮǴۼǿ־˵־ڴˣֻҪһ̤У⵽ʵĹ˵˵ͷģǣƺֻͨ⿼ܵ˰
ֱӴݻԡ̨Ųǰһ磬漴͵ıһʨһֲʨʮ־ɱȥ͡
䡢䡢䣡һײ־֮ϣֻ־˿壬ɴǣȻôûá
̤ŵΪܵѹƣҪλʾ磬Ǵۼǿ߽ҲһӳĹޣʥ׼̶ֳȵĹǲֱӺȥģҪ߹ȥ
־ʥ̹Ż־ӵǿʢµ־ֱܹɱˣƺѾǰ۾翿£ַ૵֪ٶôֲǷĹ쾭йء
ȥԣһֿ飬¾ɫŵӵвͬĿ飬¡ַ㿪˵漴Ųǰٶȳ̤һεȻ׼ϹЮŷ֮͵ĳǰ˳硣
Ȼ䣬һֲͬʱַǵصĺɱٶȿ죬ʮ־ʱҲ磬ǿ
ַ˫ɱʱսϺӳͬɱֱ־
ȻЩ־ǧǽȻͬ־һնһУնϺӳͬʱһɨأ漴һµĹŶѹ£̺ΰֱѹַ㡣
¡һ죬ַ屻˺һλصԭ㣬ɫ΢
СģЩ־ĹŵƵٽ㣬ζӵܹǿҹ·һܼСַ̽һκ˿˵漴ͫױñŲǰ̤ȥ
һַٶȲ죬϶ϵͷŶ漴һֲͫ׵зŴҪ۾̵ʹ־ҡ
ַ˫ͫڣħۣͬʱ֮Ȫ֣ﲻ֣Ųٶǰһ̤
ӰͬʱַɱǵأûκεطԱˡ
ˣַŲһ̤ʱչ˸ͬʱϺսٶӰַŲǰȹ̡
ǰ·ӭն·ɶݣַƻգȻһ֮⾳ն˶Էַ֮¶ֹԭ̤һâ貵ʹͫ΢΢£һȻмЩ־ǰС
ǿЩ־ĹַֻܿĹײ֮ʱĿҲ֪ʮ־ֻǷλʵĹǿµģȻŽǵһҲ̫ܽɡ
ڴ˿ַ̣µĽɫâųʹַӰãȻʧԭأһˡ
¶һĨ֮ɫַܿƾŲƣԽռ䡣
Щ־סռ󷨣Ҳ𵽴ãǶƾԼԣǲеĻߵм䣬ֻҪ·ͿԹˡַ㿪˵һδһͷͿĻ˷һγԴ־ĻᣬȻѹƵĹ


1782 ս
ַ֮󣬺ֵҲ׷ֱ̤ʵҲ޷һ־ַ֮ϵĿռ󷨡
ַ㣬Ŀռ󷨣Ҫ߹вСѶȡЩɥ˵ʮ־ǿᣬһλǿҪ͸ôܣּǿߣо
Ϊַ󷨣󺦳Լ⼸λַһ̨֮ˣڼγ֮ڻǵ˰
˱ã谭ͨɫ·ŵҲһңֻڹ㺮ŵģ˻ץЩʱ䣬Ǽǰ
ַ˵ռǰ̤һ˽棬ȻɫĹ·Ҳ֪жôʱǵǰڳһܵסȥ·ƺɫ·ľͷͨһط
ַĿ⳯ǵȥ漴ֻоһɿµ־Լɱͬһֲħһֳɱ¾֮һħնɱ
ˣַŲȻ̤ϺսһħɱȥʵʵײʹղϱѣȻпµ־͸ַԺУַֻоһǿħֳɱ֮ɱԴҪݻ־
ַԺػʶһħ־ɱԺ֮Уַ־ħȪҪݿǳԺе־µħ־ҪЩֲѹס
־ÿ£Σ˫عַϹϢŲᶨƵĳǰ̤˿˵ʦ֡ʦ֡ڣǿ·֮ԼСģǹ־֮ʱܹǵ־ݿҪס
֡Լڵ˵˽Ųǰַ̤㲢ϹϢŶӭŶħ־ɱ
ǿ־аַӳһĿնһɱǰɱ¾֮ħֻֻնǰ־ݻ٣ͬʱ˷׷סԼԺ־£޿ɶҡ
ߣѹҪС٣ħĿ־ȴһħ־ܹӵǿµĹԴԴϵĴ߶ɼħıжôǿ
նַŭһһֲâ·Ҫնն־ǰħ֮ϣʱһѺ۳֡
һֲɫӡͬʱӡ˳ȥʹն¡һ죬ħܱƿһš
ߣַһ漴Ȼ˽ȥ˷׷̤һƿħгȻǰģ嫹··Ȼܿа׿Ȼ˿ȴһռݵ·һ޼ʣƺȫǵһֱ쵽Զ
ҪӲˡַ㿴һĻ΢£ʥжʣжٵۼǿߣܹ־ڴ˵صǿߣٶǷǳʰɡ
ַֻһ˵ĻǲᵣģЩ־ϾģֻЩǿǰĿ飬ǿᣬǿ˶ȥһǰеĻ˼ɵǰУ˿̨˶ڣҪˡ
ڡǰʦֺʦػߣ⡺̨ңػУǱúôһǧŻʻߴ۵־ַ㿪˵ʱ˶׷׵ͷʼͣ漴̧Ųǰ̤
Ȼ䣬һֲӰַɱһ⺮ͬ£ֱַ㡣
ַһʱһɳؿµĽ⾳֣ͬһ̩ɽ㣬ַֻâ˸ʱؽ𣬺ݺݵ齣ϣһδֹһٶŶձóȿ̫֮Ӱ֮ϣţǷն֮һնɱǰֿ⾳ƴء̫Լ罻һ𣬷ӳ֮¡һ죬һ
ͬʱַĽŲǰ̤ͬһӰײ£̫âҫĿޱȣצ޼᲻ݣַ㲢糯ǰ̤
һ˲ǰУΧһ־˾칥µսȻȫ汬
ַףħƲþԼϵ֮ͨЩǿ־֮ãϴԼͨһĿҫ۵Ľâ̫ҫ졢ֻƷ壬಻ͬŭΣ·ķԶֹ
ͬԽսԽ񱩣ΪޣԽսԽ¡
ȻǵĽŲǰַȻ֣Щ־Ȼܻ໥ϣ߱ѹϽǵݷֻ˺棬ǲõλѾɢΪս
һƺַ֮Ŀһɨֻ䱻ñˣһѪɱңһֲӰɳɱȥ
ַӰ磬Ȼ䳯ǰ˸ȥֲħͬһް㱬ݺݵĺǳӰ֮ϡ
ɱַŲݺһ̤ʱŭХ˳ȥӰû
û°ɣַعͷ
û£طĹҲһסԼͨһڣƵ˵
Ƶطʲôʱߵͷ󺦳汧Թ˵
ַӰ磬ȭâɱ˴󺦳ǰһӰˬ˵ʹսɣҪҵּ޵սᶼѣܹʹսʲô֪ġ
ַ˵ûԺжһܹҵҲ˵Щ־λʵ۷壬Ƕ𵽴ãܹǵս
ٺ٣̨һЦŭһʱ·ǧʨɱ죬˿̵̨ϳըַ㰵զ࣬һ˹ȻͬԽǵԽĿֲǱڲϱ߷
սĳַ⣬˶оַ໥ӦţҲû̫ΣգܵƣжȼŹս⡣
Ŷ죬ɱʱַŭһʱһֲ޶ɱ޶ӵдصĺغͷٶ֮⣬пµħâ·֮ϣ¡һ죬һӰɱʹһܱѡ
ˣȻ䣬Ͽ֮أһɿֲħѹٶ£ʹͫ΢΢£Ŀַ⳯ȥ
٣Ⱥַ㣬һսôоҪֽ
ͻˡַ֪㹦ҪħٵģһҪͻˡ
Ȼʼ޷ۣеĽɫ·һжѹסˣַĿ˸ҪͻƣҪȵŵС
֪УַѾ˾ͷǰѾû˵ˡ
ȣ󺦳ŭһʧ·ٶȻʱǳˬ죬·ҪƼ㡣
ڣˣ̤Χ·;һǰ
ʹ졣̨ЦϾѪ˿ģʱЦ
þãһսҪҽƣַ㣬治֪ôôྫҪʱչ˵ǣǾ޷俴ַЦһʹսҪ·иϵĸоɼ֮Ҫֻ֪֮ҪվƬؼ䣬ʱԴԴϵúת򣬷Զɺԡ
ҶϢһ£ź󻹲֪ʲôַ˵漴һ˷׷׵ͷȷҪϢҲжս
ʱַ֮۾˶ϷϣӦûָòˣɵÿ˵ˣ߰ɡ
ַǷ׷׳ſȥ漴ǰľȻ仯Ͽһ糣Ǵ˿ȴվһΪĺ嫴ǧ׿
ˡ
ʱǿ˳֮ˣͨźҪɫ·ʼô


1783 ͻ
޾Ĵлֺƣǰһɿ־ʹַͫ΢΢£Ϊ߹־ɱŵֻô
ңЩмƻ˵ģǰһڣƺܹ׵Ĵӵ߹ǰһڣζЩܣƺڹġ
Щ˲ǹ㺮ˣǺüѧԺȺַĿɨһۿеȺаңкüڵǰƺڹ
ǰ浢˲ʱ䣬Ľɫ·Ҳ½ˡ⡿˵аͷǰսеȷ̫ãƾַȼ˵ʵǿһ·ɱܹʡ̫ʱ䣬ΪˣͬʱҲΪǵ˲ʱ䡣
ַȻף˹㺮̤ŵľ飬ЩʦһҲܹ֪еİӶƽɫ·УһЩǿܹ߱һ·ɱЩ˴඼ǸΪѾһŶˣֻżм츳һ
Щǹ񣬲йǴ˺ʱǰĺֿ˵ʱʹַɫ΢ַ㵱Ȼ֪ģʮħУ˲ٵ񣬲ȼҲͨĹãӶΪ֮
ַǰȥһǰȻһɿֲ־͸Ȼ־ȴûԵĹԣӵкǿĴ͸
ַ΢Ŀƿ˵ȷĵҵʺԼ־Լ־
Ҫֱİ־ǳѣַҲײ˶ԣˣʺԼ־ǿȹ־Ϊʺ˵ġ
䣡ʱһȻ䱬飬ַĿתһȥֻзâ¶·貵ĽɫӵпµķƸո˵ϵ־Ӷʹõѵ
Щһһ־ɢǵ֮ʱϾⱾͷڣ־Ĳɢ񡣡ַп˵漴Ų̤ѰҪĵ
ࡢʱַͫ΢΢Ŀ⳯һȥЩͬƺ棬͸Ų֮⾳
ַŲ̧ߵǰĿ⳯ŵȥ̼䣬һɲ֮־͸ַͫ׵У·һַ֮壬ʹַ⾳²ݣ·Ҳһࡣ
ַó񻹲һЩ̤뷨ĵزҪĹע
ǿĲַŰĲ־ǿͬʱʵڼԲ
־ǿλʼǿµ־ַаʵͨ־׾ܹܣȫֶ֮ܲоַЩ벻ʥ嵽Ҫʲôɫŵؿǣ̭֮ͨڴ֮⣬ָͨһЩôһѹǵΪŵľͷʲôй㺮ȥ
䣡һɿֲ⾳ŶַֻоԼҪ࣬ԲԽԽ̣ڣ֮ɢֻҪһͷ·ܹԶĴǡ
꣡һַ֮ǰ־ַԼǽճɾ͵Ĳ෨ŭ
ͻƷˣ˽Ŀַ⳯һô쾹Ȼͻһϵδ̫˰ɡ
һַͻƵȻôףʵַѾ˰۷壬ֻһܳɾͷ򣬿Ѿӵ˷ɰ廯Ϊ·Ҳˮ֮£츳ڹŻ־͸֮ʱܵ壬ַ˳µĳɾͲ෨
ַ֮磬Ѱ򣬺ܿ죬ֹһֲħ־ΨҶĿħ⣬ʹͷͫħ죬
ַ֮㿪ʼһͬһһܹ֮ɱˡ
ַԣһӰַĵͫ΢΢һ֮âɨַһۡ
Ųһ̤һַϣַ㱾ڸϮַֻо·Ҫ㣬ַ΢΢£
Ȼ䣬һ֮Ϣַһţ˫漴ֻһֻɫֳַԴɱֻɫֻ֣֮һ˿סܹ̼˵
ַͫͬһĨɱ⣬Ȼת͵ıһ֮նɱ⽣֮Уܼȴ࣬һֱɢ
롣ַ˵ʱ䷨ͬʱʴ֣Ҫ֮
ڴʱַ֮Ĳ̤˳һٶȸǶ
ַзâ¶һȭƿϮɱ˵Ϊѹλʾ磬˭һȭޱߣ̺ĿַѾӽλǿȵˣ֮ʱնзХ֮žĿֲ죬ħ͸ſ´ݻ֮⣬֮ϡ
Է̺֮ҪַĹȻ⹥̫ǿֱӱĶԷĴӡźɱȥ
һ̶Էɫ΢΢ˣ˲෨Ÿոճɾͣǿֻ侳磬ս
ſֻжȻ³һ֮⣬ַȥͬʱµ־͸ַԺ
ַٶȶȻ伤Х¡һ죬޼᲻ݵȭЯ˶Էͷ­֮ϣʹԴըѣ
Ծɲǣ֮ͬʱ漴һӰ̼佫ַΧУĿⶢӰɫѿ
Ӧ֪˲Ŷԡһͫױַ˵
ѧԺַ㿴ǰȺһɫװĮĿ˵
㻹Ҷ֡
ɱַĿĮֵһӰ˸ʱѧԺļУϢͷŶ
һĻʹѧԺɫַһȺˣֻǵûȫַɫ·֪ô£ȻȫǽˣңѹΪǱкüλʼ𣬵˿ȴҲͶԷһѹƵλʡ
ܺáһ˱俪ڵ漴Ҫ뿪
ȥַ³һղŻһΧ˿̾ɢˣ
Ϊ֮ڵâַ㣬Į˵ʲô
ַ㿴ŶԷͫɫȻˣͱųȥٱˣɣ


1784 ȫɱ
ѧԺ֮ǵһѧԺЩ˽Զַܹõһ߳ȥЩһˣȻˣβնݳ
ɱһַ³ʱյͬʱ֣ûа顣
ַŲȻ䳯Ϊ̤֮ǿλǿߣΪ⵽ѹƣ־ǿᣬֲЧģֻǿֱӺɱ
һལâŭնĴؽâ·بؼ䣬͸Ų֮⾳
һŲǰݺݼ̤ʱֿ¹Ļ·һӡĽ£漴ֲɫâ
ɱ˵۾ɫ͸ַ־ʹַͫ΢΢¡
ǧɫַ⳯շѹɱ˹ֻһ˻ֻԷ긡֣һͷӥ֮ͬʵĴڰ㣬˫۾ͷ·ܹʹ˵ꡣ
λʾɱǿѾܹˣ߶ǿйսУ깥ֶΡַ㿴һĻаһ̤ɱĵһλʾܹƣڲμɵķ֮ʱ־ҲֹΣܹǧУɱǧ֮⡣
ɫӥХһʱӥַɱ·ַܹĻǣһ˫˫ɫӴ͸ַԺĨɱꡣ
ԷϵĹδֹͣһɫַ֮նɱ̺
ڡַŭһü֮âʢȻͷһƹڣǧ˿˿ߴ£֣ʹ˷·һ֮У޼᲻ݡﲻƣػ
µĽӥɱײڹ֮ϣڶȻȹַ̣Ų̤أһ¹ڴϸ֣ӶͬʱǿֲȭâƿɱƣѾӽλʵǿˣټħѹΪĹŵ֮м޼᲻ݣԷǿṥֱƿ
ַһʱԷ֣ͬʱַ廯Ӱǰɱȥֲ̺·Х
Էɫ΢䣬ŭһӥã͸Σַɱ˹ȥ
䣡ַƿɱڽӥ֮ϣȻ깥ٶʵַɴ಻ˣֱһȭֱԷԴȻʧ¡һ죬µԷԺ䱬ͬһɲǣ֮ϣʹַݺݵĲ¡
µŭХ֮죬ǽӥ·˰㲻ϵĻûɱַڣʹڶҡ
ȫ壬ӹɱַɫ䣬û˱ĻǣԱûиղǰǿˡ
٣ַһʱ޾ħٲƵǽӥ֮ϣʹýӰХһ֮壬ȻǸղˡ
ѧԺ֮ˣսѧԺǼסˡõȼҷպ¡һ죬׻ɢ
򣿡ַͫ΢΢ֻԷ֮ʱһöͬʱˣʹַüͷ΢壬һղžһѵѧԺսѧԺսɣѧԺ־֮ǣţ༰ѧԺɱʥǾ
ַӰ磬ٶȰɱѧԺȺлλ֮磬ȻѹƵҲѲͺڷֱԸڱϽɱ֮ºܿһһɥ
ΧԽԽңѧԺ˻췦ȫɱַǺʰսƷ
ЩʧӰַͫһ⣬ǿ˼㱻ѹиֶ˸ǿˣȻΪѹƵһҲԶԸǴۼǿߣֻܺλʵķֶҲ
ǱѹΪĴۼǿߣֻλʣҲ۷򹥻о˲ɱ޿ɱܡ˵˷׷׵ͷŵм㶼ѹΪģǵСһЩϾȷеۼǿ̤˹ŵġ
˿߽սͷ΢ЩЩսѧԺ˵ŽᣬǿշѹɱЩѧԺˡ
вٵ־򣬲ҪǵΪԽǵͣЩǵĺôԽ󡣡ַɨһۺ嫴вûбѵĵ񿪿˵̨ЦŵͷûΪߣǿ־ҲǿǶڴǿЩܸûмֵǲһΪͣúõĺôͶࡣ
ǸղŶżЩ־ǰĴ̤ȥЩʵΪЩܶǶûʲôֵԣ˱ӵ
ַǿɲһˣֵܹôԴԸͣһЩʱ̣Ҳȥ׷ǰδ֪֮
뵽Ƿ׷˸ʼһͬĵܽ
ɫ·֮½̤˽ǿ˹ô£ŵļ٣Ըǰȥ̽
ǺĺҲˣ嫵һȺȺ˿ȴֻʣΪˣĺǡľλλʼǿߡ
ǡľĿɨӵַˣʱͫ׵âЩ쵰һﵱʱ̤ɫŵʱ򣬽Ǹ¹·ʹֻԼ̤˹ŵУֱ˲ʱǲлĹŵڽ롣
Ȼ⡣Ե⣬ַ㡢֡աڵ̨ˣȫڣЩ˷̤ŵеˣһû٣Լһ˶˺ܶ࣬Ϊʱ䣬ֻʣˡ
նǡɱ⣬ֶΣԽЩ˺ɱ
ؼһʱĺ΢΢ҡͷɱ֮£ò̤ʥĹŵǼǰɡ
ĺַǲڣֻˣŵΪѹλʾ磬ֶζܹ࣬շѹԷѱַǲƴǱȺļһƴɱ˼Ǳ̫òʧˣϾУַЩ˵ǲܺǵᲢ۵ġ
ûȥٴǡһ˿ڵʱϵɱ֮΢΢Щ̤мĹ·ǰȥ
ַ㵱ȻҲ˼ǵˣ˸ղű͵ϮĽѵɷһΧˣ߹ŷЩ񣬲Լ˿ַһǿݣХ֮ǰһܡ
ַоޣ˵ӦɾͲŶԣ̤֮ʱɰӦ˶Ȼ֮ϵȽ٣һֱûгɾͷ򣬱Щʱһܣ̺ǿ־ĵܣ


1785 ׵
һ֮Ĺ·һֱͨһɫڴʱвȻЩˣȫס⣬ǰȻһǿĻ
ǰвڣң඼Ƿǳ磬ػʡħۣ˭һߣ޷ͨǰһͷ
䣡ڴʱһƺ֮漴ֻһӰ˳Ⱥ΢΢ñܿһݺݵ˵ϣʬ壬Ȼûκļ
һλ󷨴ʦˡͫ΢΢£û˸󣬱ϾѾǳưһǿߣǴ۾硢λʾ磬Ǳѹλʾ֮ˣһȴ޷ӳǿ㺮ߵ󷨡
ʱֻһӰӰȻǹ㺮ӡ
󷨣ƺڿƣ᲻ϱ仯޷ܡһλ㺮ӿ˵ɫÿ󣬻мλ󷨴ʦ
ȷػʵƽûа
һ˿ƣʱı󷨣ʧܣѾƽ⡣һ˿϶˵ʹػ΢΢£ʥǿ߶ˣ˵л˴ڣôҲֻ־ĴڣȻ֮ǰƺڿŵˣôӦ赲ȥ·󷨡
ػ˵գĿ·͸󷨣ȥ׵ۣһ𣡡
׵ۣͫ΢΢£ȺŶ˴ڣŶһЩһǿߣ׵۵ֵȻİ˭᲻֪ʥ̫ӣЩʥĴǿߣԶܻ֡
ͷһĬȻڴʱһƮ֮ػʣգԼӡںεأ
ҵĹءһҳ֮Сػƽ˵ʹͫ΢΢£󷨵һͷٶԳ
УһƿյĹӦ뵽ģ㽫Լӡھ֮УΪһΪˣžǧֱ꣬ؼա
ͷ΢ѵյĴʵģػʣ޷ƲĹϵӵʥ壬ҲΪ
ػʣˣУһΪ꣬Բһֱǧ֮
˽ĿͶػʣž޵ףûгԷϣƺĬ˶ԷĻ
һĬֱƬ֮һƶʥĹŵڴ˴ȷΪ˿Ե֮ˣѡ츳׿ǿߣʥ壬ʥ壬ȻһĿģҲǱΪҶڡ
ҽһţҽػʥյĳҲڴ˵أ˭ܻɱػʣȱԸ֮ɣʥһУʥԼ
ƮʹȺͷ΢΢һɱػʣɵõʥĴУ
ɱػʣ
ȺĿͶػʣɱζŻҪɱġζŻпۣܵ
ػΪ⵽ѹƣǵĻᣬǲɱػ֮ˣɴƮٶȹʹòĶػʡħǵΪ⵽ѹƣͬΪλʣһɱĻܿܽػĨɱ
ħ建תˣʱȺֻоͫ׵кһȪģƮľڿգʹ񶯵ʱɫһ־Щ־֮ˣоԼ־Լƣ·Ҫƿء
ÿֲľ⣡΢ֻħ۱ĺâɨȺ漴ɢ֮ⲻԶ
ħ۵ľħѾ뻯Ƿ켫һͷʹþ֮⾳ʴ־Ϊ⵽ѹƣоħڣ»˲вΪơ
а뵽ԥ޷񣬸û˸Ҵͷػʳ֣ҪɱػʣǺȳͷļˣǱɵģԣ˭Ը⵱ˣΪ¡
ʱ½ߣַҲͬڸղŷʲôַ˲ôֻǿ嫽ɫڴе˶ܳĬƺں΢״̬֮С
ǲɱػˡʱƮٶȴʹַͫ΢΢£Ϥ
׵ǼһȻûԼַĿһâǼһȻѾ̤˹ŵ֮С
Ȼǲɱٸһλᣬʮ˴һˣɱߣ̤󷨵УҷܴУҸʥ塣Ʈ͸һĨ⣬ʹ˰ʮ˴һˣɱ˷ͨ󷨡
ҹ㺮һɣֻһ˶ѣܹϸı󷨣ֻҪλܹЭס𣿡ػʵĮĿ˵ֻҪ󷨣ǼһĨɱȻҲܵõŵеһС
λУһǰ̤ҵ֮ԼܹܵĹ㺮ںӦܽ󷨴ݻƽ⡣һλ󷨴ʦڵʱ΢⶯ɱػʲʵɱͬѣҲľԼǳΣգ󣬵ȻҲΣգȴһе
ͬ⡣ʱ˸˵
ôˣһ·ɱȥЭ˭ںֽű㹲ɱ󷨱ơ˿˵ϾŵУΪҲҪѹƣǲ˶ǿߣ޷ƽ
ܿ죬˴һЭ飬׼ǿ
ַ㰵Ϊ׵Ǽһ˰ѺôǽƽĻǼһҪȫʬ
˶룬ɱ⡣һλǿͫ׵ɱ¾֮ɨȺ
ڣλ󷨱Ե󷨴ʦУ㺮ںܣλκζԹ£󡣡Щ˲ΪһǿߣЭִ֮ܿУʱһӰǰ̤ǰַҲվǰˣ־֮£˭Ҳ룬Ҫ֮ûѡЩϰλǿ߼ΪѹƵʱ˵İԵԳΪ
ˣֱӹһʱֲ֮ţǰɱնŭХȻЩ֮ȴվǻɢӰ١
һ޴û֮󣬺ǿƿ󷨴ʦ˵
ˣͬʱǰСһȺ׷̤ǰ߳ȻֻһǷȻ֮С
ٴδͬʱŭХȴǺ޵Уռ䵱ʲôûС
Ѱ·һ漴Ⱥֻϵ·âɣٵıܻ
ãܻˡһȺˣȻѾˣֲ󷨽ûգȻ䣬ֻоתƣ·ѾٴԭĿռ֮У


1786 ͵Ϯ
ַܻ˷Լٶλһ嫴У̻Իͣϣнɫʯڴ֮ڣɢŽɫԣпȸޱȣڴǰ˷һ޴Ŷд˿˿֮͸ŹǿϢһ·֪ر
ˣһХȻ䳯Ŷ˳͵һۣŶУʱŶʧ·ߡ
һĻʹͫ΢£о㶼âһ˳ǰȽΧǵõŶ֮ˣȻʱǵõŶǿȴüͷ¶һĨɫ
ַ̨֮Ǳڶģ˶У̨ǰ̤ҲҪȥȻȴַסȵȡ
Ŷƺر̨˵ȻַȴĬ£ǻþһжпǻû
׵ǼһԸ񣬼бֺУҲǲġ
ʵЩҲ֪ǻþŶпǼٵģ˽Ŷ̲סҪһƵġ
ŶǿǺαȻ˿һ˿ڶǵõŶ˵ǵõŶ֮ɫȴΪѿǹŶǼٵģʲôûУʱԼʧˣǱ𡣡
Ǳôָǿһ˵Ȼ׶Է˵пΪ棬һۣô԰ĵġ
׵ֻǣǵŽᡣõŶ֮ɫΪÿƺ׵۴˾⡣
׵ֻǣҲ̰ȣһᣬ˵ƻŽᣬ׵УǲָǹĿ֮һ˽ΧУʱʹɫѿָ֮˶ԣһĲƸۣҪܣû˻Ը⽫ָ˿Ȿһ衣
Ҫ̫Ŷ֮ǽָǿЩ̰֮ܲĶָ
һɭɱⶸȻ֣ء
ַһֱԹۣ׵۵˽⣬˿ܹ϶ǹŶǼٵˣһУ»Ϊʡ
嫴Уַûж⣬кüһֱԭأûвȥһߵ˴ԵһǿҪ
ˣȻ䣬ߵԵ֮˺ݺݵһâֲĽɫ󵶺بյУնڴ֮УȻȴȻ֣ǿֲδκεײ죬ǵô뵽֮⣬Ȼ·õһʵ
ͬʱǱߵսѾǵõŶ֮ջǽ˴ָȴвŽеĴָȡûܹһЩ̰ͼΪɣ֮ɱ֮Ǽֱ֮սһսΪԷĴָ
׵ǼһԵǿ͸²ֻһþ˰ɡַ૵һȴߵԵǿ߿ڵǻͣúô߳þɣΪһЩС
Щ΢£ǵȻ֪Ҫ߳þϲߣȻ˭ԸֵһЩôأˣսһֱɥŽ
þֱӹǺ˿һ޴Ӧƣֻһ˿Ǻبڴеĵ⣬˵ͬʵľһǻþ
ֻҪ󷨣ƽ⣬ǲ󣬾ֻ󣬲ΪǵΪܵѹƣҪƾһ˵ѣһ֣ϣܽþ
ǿ߻˵˷׷׵ͷߵȥ
һֱȽ侲ʲôð취𣿡ղ˻ͷַߣʵ
ֻİ취һˡַƽ˵漴һǰȥȻڴ˿̣һƮַС
ַ㡣
׵ַۣͫ΢£׵׵еһ׵۶͸ܹӴ
ַ㣬Ҫҡ׵ַԺ֮Уʹַ˸Ҫô㣿
þеȫɱһ׵۵Ĵ͸˿˿⣬ַĿ΢΢һһúݵֶΣȫɱ
ҲõĴֲ˶ã类ƣһƣʥ彫״Ӿ½С쵰Ҫҡ׵Ϊأ࣬ϲô˵
һɱˣռл˻ƿô죿ַʵ
Ҫ˰Ҷ֣ж١׵ۼַжݣܹ˿˵ѰˣһȫݣǴȥԺ
ģ˲٣ֻҪͬʱЩ˽йһɱЩ˲зģǲǻͬʱǳ֣˴Ҳȥ׵ֵַ㣬һ󣬼ֲ̫ãҵɾˣҪǵ뱾
쵰ַŭϲģ͵ϮЩˣȫɱ
쵰һΪɱҲˣʱƽϹڣۺʥ˶УԼŰ졣׵۵ַȷ׵۵ΪҲɱˣǺ׵ۼҲûκͻΪ
˵ϣַǲ׵ۣ溦һֱھΡ
뵽⣬ַͫâȻ˾Щ˼ᱦģǱҪи۵׼ֻܸЩˣҲҪ׵ˡ
ҽĻҲ𾪣ǧ򱣳򶨡ַ֮˴˵ʹͫ΢΢£ܿͻָ糣Ű
ʥ̫ӣҲǲ֮ˣʥˣҲֵܣˣԺֵʱ򣬲ǹ󣬶ǶǰЩ˳֣Ҫֱɱǲ뵽ǻͬʱǣ˲ֻҪ칻ݣһ֡
׵ۻ˵ȻѾ׼ַĻ̲סͷݺݵĲ˲ȻǺָܿ򶨣
סˣ˭ɱˣϵı˭УҪ˲ɱַٴһΪѹλʾ磬ֻҪֹ칻ݣڶԷûз£һɱӦû⡣
ʱַѾǰ˻һֻΪ֮Ŀ⿴ǰ˶ǿŴԵм幥˭֣֮
˵գͫһ⣬ԼͷųǿϢ
Һֵʱͬʱ
Ļ£˶ʼǿַվڴԲԶĿħþ²ݣŽٽ֮â͸ſµĻ͹Уŷ֮
˵Ĺ۶ɣ³һ֣
һ£ʯ쾪ЩĹŴɱȥַǹȴЯµĻֱӳǵͷ­ɱշѹȥͬҾǣֲֿǳԼɱʱƺʶʲô


1787 
ڳֹ˸Ҳ֣˹֮ˣЩ˸˵Υ棬Ѱ·Ȼȴ뵽һ棬һȺͬʱأ
һȺˣֱӶǳˣͻϮΪѹͬһ¸ԵֵЩûжٽ䱸֮ģ̼¡¡Ĺ֮ԴըѣѪţҽС
ַЮŷ֮ȭâ˲併ٶԷǰ쵽˼飬ûбѹΪλǿߣ˿ַ̱ͻϮ˲䷴Ӧһ˻壬漴¡һ죬ԷԴըѣҲڽ֮»
𣡡֮пХ֮ݣַ̧ͷֻ˿̴ϿӰǣȻλǿʹûһ٣궼Ǹ֮ϣһ꣬Ӵħţֲ̺ħһ꣬һڰ˰״̬
Ϊˣֻӵ˫ͫΪĮǸղǷ֮ˣڴ˿̣ɱ侲ûбŭַ㣬ҲҪףǱʵǻѹƣûĻǱ͸ӴһҲҪײС
Ϊ˲ĵطַ³һ֮Ȼƿգֲħƶȥ̼佫ס
þַŭһʱֲħŲþ֮շѹ飬һ˵Ҳͬ˽ɱˣһʱֻʣַˣȫ
ַɨһڵЩҲһǿߣԽǵıﶼ°ɡ
˵գַĿ⿴Զƴ͸ޣô
ָ㡣һַԺУ漴ַֻоһڣʼָʱ·𶼱͸ˣַܹлеһУ嫵һһ򣬵ˣǻǵУƬõĴ
׵󣬶ʱ׵۵ַָ㣬һе֮ȻɢԽһжС
ַͬ׵۵ı𣬴˿̵ַվһɫĴ֮Уǽɫ͸ղĻþһϺΰֻûǹŶȴһƽΣƣʱ׵ۣϣ΢΢ţǿ֮Χȫ֮⣬߶ǰһƱ仯
ңﲻֻ׵ۣһӰЩ˶ɫۣϥʵ飬·͸İ㣬ȻǴ˿̶ţƺ
ʥˡַͫ΢΢£ѹ׵۸ղŻ˵ĻʥҲҪ֣֮Щǿߣѵʥǿߣ˿Ĺؼʱ̣
ַ㣬ҲڵΣֻܹסˡ׵һַ΢΢ͷĿɨеȺǱƽ׵ۺʥˣµȷǳΣա
໥ǣ֣۾ȴ֮߱УȻ͸ղһɱеˡַ˵漴Ⱥһ໥ǣַ֣Ļ˱ĿȴһУ漴ַֻŲ̤ǲ֪˿ǵֱӴ͸ڵ̤һС
Ȼ䣬һǿϢϣһþеĿⶼǣâ˸ôġ
ǵڶ̤ŵеˣͨһĿⶢַ㣬â財
ַɫ˸ǰ֮ˣ˵ȷһЩ˽⣬˿ǻ֮УνãʵڣãΪбУΪޱңղţҺҵֵǣ֣ȴУһУ͵ǲǴڴУ˾ֱӴ͸ڵĻ룬һֱˣܹ߳󡣡
Ŀ׷˸ַĻмֵƼ򵥵ķΪã⼴ǻþôޣ޵ĻͿƾ߹ַƾճһַǿɲû
һΡֻһĿⶢַ㣬ڵ
д⣬ңԡַźֵ˵漴΢΢ϣعĳǰ̤ʱȺǰʧǴͺǿ㣬޷ַ㡣
ĿСͫ£ַֻٴγ֣һλ
λⷽãȴһгǰһֱߵĻӦ̤󡣡ַ΢Ц˵漴Ӱ˸Ⱥ󣬵λһǰУһԽԽǿǺΣҲֻˡ
Щ漴΢΢ͷ⵹Ǻð취ϸ˵˵Ǹ
״̬׵ң·ⶼ޵ģֻ߳ѾԹΡַӦһŷ׷׳ǰ̤ȥߵԵ
λ໥ǣţֻҪһ˳ɹлὫҲȥҲͳһҲַֹⷢ΢΢ͷ漴ͷĿϣɣûаϢ
ãһɣȴһУ˵ߣһ𡣡ַ֮˿˵˷׷ױ۾ſһУַȻѾǵɹˣȻǲмٵġ
˵ߵʱͬʱַֹԼǴһ˷׷׵ͷһ֮Դһ֮ȴȫɡ
λַ̤Ⱥ׷׳ǰ̤һȻͬһ˲䣬ǿʢıϢȻŰַ·һޱȵ෽ɱȥһͷ­նѣһαȵһθӵ˳ʮˣ·ͬϰ㣬̼䱻ո
׷ɵǣ֪ȴǵ¾
˶ѣûȫַģ룬ȵ̤ȥԲ٣˸ۣûãЩַ֮˾ͽ˰֮֡
ַܹ߳󣿡һ˶ַʵȻȴַ΢΢ҡͷֻܴ߳ȥԼ߲ȥ
Ϊλ
ΪУǲڵġַ㿪˵գɱŰʱͬʱ֣Ȼʵûãɲɱ¾
ַֿ֮ʼ̤һУһνɱһΣַһĽɫѹΪ֮ǰǴۼǿߣ־£˲ɷ򣬾һַ֮˿⣬ȻɱնַǾ⵽شַף㱻ѹΪҲ̫˳֡
ʱַĿ⳯һȥĿĮڵĺǲܻңǿЩ˳֣»ֱӳֹ


1788 ͬ
Եĳַ㷢ֿԵķΧСػʺ;ڵӪȻǲܶģҲвĺҲѶǲַ㣬ֱӿ±ײˡ
һЩʷǷʵǿˣҲ׶ǣ򻹲֪¹˭֣ղһλѹƾĴǿ߾ͲҪм˵ˣһģǳΣգǿߣ㱻ѹΪȴ͸ſֲвѶԸ
ǣַֻ͵ϮɱķʽϵĽЩƫı֮˽Ĩɱַ˶ЩǴȥŶһЩɱ˲٣ѧԺǿҲնһЩ˴εջҲǿµģ̫ðˣַһﻹҸɡ
ַҲѡɵĻ׵۱᧿Σϲվжˣַ޷
ַ㣬Ҫʱַһǵ϶ɱ֮մȾѪϢ
ҿַֻʣ˴ˣĻѾԸֶɨһգʣµģǷǳѶԸġ
ڴʱȻһ֮ʹַͫ΢΢£漴ֻһƺߣ׵۴ġ
ɢܿ죬ˣֱվ˺嫵Ľɫڴ֮У󷨣վǱˡ
ղⲻ̤Ⱥ׷˸Ҳ߶Ŀ⳯ǰɫڵľͷȥֻһȺϥкϢͷţõӰʵ׽֮УڹڵľͷǻֺĽ֮ϣ׵ȻĿⶢǰˣ͸һ֮
ʱ׵Ѿǵʿװɫۣͷڣݣ͸һɸ߹֮ʣͬ߰Ѫ֮ˡ
׵ۣʥ̫ӡ
ػλǰʥŵ֪кָ̣׵¶һĨЦ⣬漴ǽɫϻ溬΢ЦƺûвԼٵľ档
ʱػʲδ׵ۣĿ⣬һֱڵϥȺ֮ϣϵĹĻϢػһ֮⡣
֮⣬Щ֮ˣػĿ׵ϣȻҪЩʥ֮
Ǹȥ׵΢Ц˵û֪˿̵ʲô˵ĶԻʱЩϥˣЩˣ
һﻹ浭ءַ㿴׵ۣ˿ȺȽʥǿȴлָؼʱ̣ػǳ֣׵۵˱ȻΣա
׵ػʥĹŵŵеһжаɣ˿λԶҪʥµĴ֮ﶼЩʲôػԵһλʦ˵ʱʹ¶âû׵һصʥĽɫŵһУضߡ
λҪȻû⣬ֻǣʥλ˿̶ؼʱ̣λĵȴʥĴУ㶼ϣʥ屾Ϊѡ˲ţ̳ʥ崫УȻΪȵǡõŵϣʥǰȻɣֻҪʥ֮ˣõЩʥ峤С
׵۵죬Ŀڣʹɫ̺ɵĹâǵȵЩ˵õҪвǣ¾ͲôˣЩڽɫŵǿ־׵ɼǰΪǿߡ
Ȼʥ̫ӻص˹ŵҪõУ±ֻһ;ɱ̫ӣλǼȥĻǻԽԽСˡһĮ֮ʹȺŲ׷׳ǰȽ׵ûа㲨Ȼ˿ȴȻ侾
λľʥ֣Ǳ㲻˵ˣǵܴܲߣҲ⡣׵΢΢һЦֻǰһɫͼ޾Ĺ˸ݣʹȺͫ΢΢£ٳǰ̤˽Ų·ͣ
ղ̤е˿ǲ٣ʧ֮ʱȴ˺ܶˣЩȥﲻԶ׵ϢĨôǿߣͷŵĿ־֮⣬ɫĹ˸ݣѱ֤ɱ
λģǸʲô󷨡һλʦ˵
Ȳ󷨣ºβǰһԡ׵΢ЦſʦʱȺĿ׷Ǵʦϣʹܵһɵѹ
ֻʦŲǰ̤漴¡һ촫ֻĲ̤ڴ֮ϣʱһ·ֱӳǰȥǳǽɫͼǳЩϥȺ
׵ƽվǣһ¡һ֮·ײһǰ֮ʱâ˸ֻ·˲飬ĻշѹĨ
󷨡޴̺󷨣ЩҲ󷨱š
ʥǰ֪Ը⽫ɱĻʥ崫С׵ۻڣ漴ַ㴫С쵰˽ˡ
ַ㷭˷ۣ׵һϲȻʱ䣬Լˮ
ַŲ̤漴ָ󷨴ʦ̫ӵĳ⣬㣬
ͫ΢£ɨַ㣬ػʵüͷַ׵۵Ĺϵ˲Ǻ;ȴ֪ģֻǣȴûдַ㣬Ǿ̬ķչ
ЩȺ֮УҲһЩۼģԽǿߣΪѹƵ£Խ׵ıֵ̫á
ϷҪһҪɱҡʦŲǰ̤ʱһ·ַ֣ɢȥΪѹƵ£֮߱ǳơ
ˣַ̤ͬһ˸ʹʦһɫ̤ڵ֮ϣ·ϳַɢ
䡢䣡ַٶȸ죬һϼ̤ڴ֮ϣ·ݺύ˶ʵ棬Ͻײʱһײʥ˸Ͻ֯ƣܿ죬һͼڴϸ֣˵ȫС
ɱʦȻŭһ̤µ·â˸Ʈͫһ⣬ȻŹƵҫȻƽϢһĻʹͫ΢΢£󷨡ˣ
ַغһͼƽʹĽŲ·˴֮ϡ
𣡡һ³֮ɱʦҪӶݣȻȴǹ֣£㳹ױɱ


1789 ʥ
󷨴ʦﶼĽܣĨɱ˼ַʦ󷨽棬а˵
ǺĺɫĺǲǱ˰λǿȥϮɱַ㣬һλذǿ߷ɷַɻţȴĪ޷׷򷴶棬˿̿˵ַƾĻɱЩҲпܵġ
ַĿ⳯׵ȥֻ׵΢Ц׵˵˽ɱʥ崫УӴˣΪʥһԱ
֪һڸʲôַŲ̤׵ǰֻ׵ʱһӴϢַԺӿȥ
û˴ϣǶҪ׵ۣҪиַʲô
ȵϣַһɫâ׵һ
ʥĹʥΣֻ׵΢Ц˵ʱʥ̫ӵһȻ֮ԱСбع˲Ծ
ַüͷа׵һǱӲˣԺҪƽˣȻõʥԣ⸶Ȼֵõġ
ʥʥʥһҪúò򣬲һͣл̫ˡַ΢΢ͷʹͫ΢΢£ַõʥ
ʹòж¶˵ĹâĿֱַ㣬ƺҪ֪١
һһܻʥʥΪ֮ͬѭ֮ʼȴգΪֹʼ𣬲̽׷ܻΪܡ
ַ૵򵥵Ļȴ·̺ʹȺ׷¶âַõʥ١
˶ʼգʥʼȴգܣܹ˵ʥʥΪ֮ͬһ;޾ܻûм£յ㡣
׵ƽ˵ƽͣڳ̸˼ƺ˵Ŀġ
ҵĻ֮ػʣҲͬɡ׵Ŀػϣ΢Ц˵
ػĿ⿴׵ۣȻˮƽûа֮ˣ׵۰ģ׽סģʹڳĶҡҪǳɱ׵ۣѾܣЩҲʱпѣʥʥվû´ȵȵ׵۵ˡ
Ϊ׵ȵһУƺıˡ
ֻʱ׵Ŀ⿴ˣ΢Ц˵ǸղŵĻȻʥȱ´ڴ˵صȴܳ٣أλ츳֮ܳԸʥ£ȵ弸λõ֮󣬿λΪµӣʥ崫ȥһ塣
ȻѵʥʥҺȻԸվʥһֻΪ䣬Ϊʥˡַ΢Ц˵źֵ΢΢ͷ漴Ƿ׷̤ǰߵַߡ
ŵںεأػʶ׵ƽʵ
ŵڱ֮ԭ·أκλҪȥԿ⣬λҲˣʥ岢ҪɱλֻҪ̭ӹ֮ˣʥܹ֮ߵʱ׵۷棬˿ûַ̬аϼһ̫ˮƽˡ
ػʺ;ĵ˻ع漴ȥľôˣʹòͫ΢΢¡
ػʴ뿪㻹һЩҪֵˣ˿Ҳװͷ
λҪȥҪҲ⡣׵۶Ⱥ˵Щ˴¶ʧɫǲûлΪˣ⾡ͷҲûκεıڣ׵۾ѽŵУؽһжˡ
Ҫľ˵Ŀⶢַ㣬â¶˵õʥǵŵǣŶòֻҪսѧԺʥҲһݣⲿžųܹ츳ɱ䣬ƽ֮˵õܾ켶Ӷ׿ҵҪһ
˵ûַȵõʥǵõҲûʲôǳȥĺ໥漴һ˳ȥ̺֮ͫ⡣
ѧԺ֮ȻҲܼʥģͫâи˼޹ŶһУҲһңʥлõģ뵽⣬Ҳ׷תȥ
ɫе˽٣ʹַ΢һĨ죬׵ɱЩˣȫ̤󷨣˼ɱȻ٣½׵ֱӳְɡ
ȴûٸ׶ˣϾЩʥȱǿ˭Ҳ֪ܷѹֱսһԭɫŵʥĵ̣׵Ϊʥ̫ӣõеһУǺѱ֤׵ûֶζԸǣʼ׵۵ıֶ̫Ȼˣǿҵš
ҪǼʥ壬û뷨ģ׵м޴Ӵ⣬ң˱ҪôһҪôǴӵܣǷȥʥ塣
ˣɫе˾ȻԽԽ٣׷ȥЩмֳ嶯˿뿪֮Ҳֻܴżʧ뿪
ȵȥַ֮˿׵Դһ龪һڱɣ˸ҷ
ַԵ˶㶣һô˲ͱˣ˿̵׵ŽɫͷڣȴȻû˸ղŵķ緶͸żƦ
ǳô죿ַ
ô죬·׵۷˷ۣ΢ʱгһЩ˲䱻ַʱа̰һʥ̫ĸԿһû䡣
λַܶѰɣַһҿɳģݳһƽͨ꣬Դ֮󱾵츳ɱ䣬߱ųɾڻ㿴ùȥ츳ǽ󶼸űۣ۾츳ַ㣬Ϊǿߣ񻰡
׵һȻźֵ˵
ַ׵۵Ļˣ˰㣬αǡ
۴ʥ峤ݣΣ׵ĵ˵
ַ˿漴̲סһֿڣϲĻ쵰ΪʥĳϣԺҪȥʥˣǿû£̨Ҫ׳
ˣɫŵʱǿǲܳȥˣ׼һʱգ⣬һὫʥǣϲ㲻ɣַ׵˵ʹͫ΢΢£׷׶ַ㣬ʥһʥǷͬСɡ
ֻҪʥ峤ϣұû׵ۼ̸
Ѿؽ̨ʥ壬ȴɳΪʥĿ䳤ϣӴ̨ʥ֦ͬͬˣҵǿԴӦ㡣ַӦ˵
׵۷˷ۣһλʥǿߣСһȻķ緶ôǫַ̂ռ˱ˣ
ˣΪ׵СңҲַ˼ЩһﱾʷǷٵʥȻһ컯츳һ㣬ձسɴδ̨Ҳã


1790 ŵ
ַҪʥǣʱĿһĨɫһĪ֮С
ֺյȼ˻ЩϾַʶѾą̃һʮһӣƷԶû⣬໥ֵܣʦҲΪ״ӣ̨ԼˣǺַʶãַ㾹ʥǻһǶȵĻ޷˵ز
ʥŶհʥĹʥ½ر˭䣬ֵܿ¶޷ãǵлǺսѧԺв̨Ǿ˺ֿ϶ģַֺҲûԴһͬʡ
ڼֻ̨Ϊ˼ţû뵽ַǣ˵˵һӽ̨ܣΪֵܡԶַصͷܽʥڼԳƵİ˵ַ㣬Ǻεǡ
ڲμѧԺ֮ʱ㣬Բ֮ΣӼţ˶˼ţȻ̨ҴӴ˾ͶֵܣȻҲʥȻκ˱̨ͬұɱַ˵ֵ̨̹̹ܣ빲ѳ̨ǳС
ţӽ𣬺ֵ̨빲Ϊ֮£˹ʱֻһͻȻ俪ڣʹĿϣҲĄ֮̊́һţǱ˰ĵλãģͺйһսܸ˺̨֣ͼгһսʤ֣Ȼ̶̲ʱĽȴ̨֮ǿ
Ҳһ̨˴Ҳ㼺֮Ϊ
ЦģӴֵ̨̨ܹЦ˵ͬǱ˰ǰʮǱ˰񣬼̨ͼǳŵռΪͻȻǱ˰ϳ˼˶ϡ
һЦϵָһַ΢Ц˵ˣλֵܣڽʥ֮ǣȻŵһʱգȵλǰٳȥ
׵ۣһݰɣЩ˿ɶΪ˰µġַ׵˵׵۵Ҳˬĵ˵ͷֻҪЩСһﶼܵű۵ĺòǣԺʥ۰½λҲмֹҫ
ʱܹ㺮˵ɡַ׵һһۣ㺮ǼӴ󣬶ſֲԴһλʥۼķһ츳׿𣬶ǿžȻ׵һֶҲĺܣϿҲвٺöʥԼ׵еģһֶΣǲֲ֪ʲôҪ׵۵ǲס
ַ׵˽ʥڸˣ漴˶ϯضЩʥǰһʼһõʥųܹı˵츳ǿʥһֱΪ˴ѣǰʥĲ֮أʥĸ𱻹㺮õĿʼвˣַܹϵľʥǫֵ́ˣ̨ɻкЩͬǰıǮ
׵¸¹ŵ˼ڹŵ֮Уһûַܹˡ
ʱַ뵽Լ֮Уܹõ״̬״̬ȴһС
ʥʼգһʼܣûյûǿҲͻȻһεܻͻԼļޣҲܻǿֶҲо
ʥһʼлв֮֮ͨļ䣬ܣһܹ֮ͨͨܳͬͨͬʹֶΡͬʹЧΣգԼܣͺһ嫵棬Ϊ㳨һȴţȥ
ַʥָȥ𽥵ĿʼԼܣǳԼ뷱
ַҲһǷ֣ʥΪֱĹʥȴһǣԣǷ·һȵţܹͨߵľ硣
磬ʥ弴ֵϢǵʥŵ֮Уʥյ̫У֮⣬ʥһЩȱǿߣֻ־ڣȴ³罫Ḵգ߳ʥ塣
һϢŶҲ˲СĲϾʥŶ̫죬ˣȥ˰ʱ⣬ڹŵ֮⣬ҪʥĹŵܹѹΪѵʥ㽫ɫŵԺʥʥô
һŷ֮ϣǵϥʱĿһâǽɫŵ˵꣬ȻŲ˷Ұʱ⡣
Ǽŵȥ˲٣ֻ¼Լǳŵ׼ַãȴû뵽ַһ֮á
ǼڵȣвڵȣһЩۼﶼڰйţҵ˸ֻ࣬ʱջȥһЩ
ŵ֮ſˡڴʱһʱȺ׷׶ǽɫŵֻ˿̾ɫ·Ĵͬʱ˸·ǽɫ·ϵʥ֮⽥ھɫ·֮ϣһӰ˳жʮˡ
ַ㣡ĿâеһӰȻַ㡣
ΧĹŷ֮ϣв˷׷վ·͸˿ռ䣬ǽɫ·߳ϡ
ַϣһħձɫ¶֮ɫ
ʥ˾Ҳһˡ˶Щ֮ˣȻʥˣвٷǳǿĴڡ
Щʥǿߣʱ˷׷¶ʧɫЩʥǿ٣ĻҪǣˡ
ǣô죿ľĿ⿴ǣɫĲÿ
Щ˵źʥһҪǲˣֻѰᡣ˵ȻȴڴʱһǿϢ٣Ʋ춯ֻɫ·ǰ˵յгһȺӰĿ¿ַ㣬˵׵ַۣ㽻ǡ
ַ㿴üͷ΢һ⣬ǿ֮ǲ裬ĵ˿ϵħ˸ǿ֮У۳µķ籩·нҪò¶⣬ٲħҲУ


1791 
һﾹȻͻһħ٣趢ַ㣬Ŀ䣬֮ˣΪܶħ٣λ֮ʱҪɵľħ٣ѵ˻ʽɾ֮磿
Ҳܣַľ磬Ȼ䣬ľ磬ַӦ۾Ŷԣǣ˿ħ˹ãм٣⵽ôһ£ѵַʲôܹΪ۾
ֲħٻգȺĿʱħ¿յַӰһ˰꣬Ͷħ١
䣡һֲɱ£ݺݵַϣȻȺȥַĿƽĿŲ֮ˣħϹתȴδܶҡֺʹΧȺ̲ͫס΢΢£ǿħĻѹвλǿ߰ɣͨȥֵַûȥֿɽ£ɼ֮ǿᡣ
üͷţɱ֮˳׷ַ㣬ȴֻһʹַȴХߣɱһĽỹڡ
νŲХ˶ħٰɡַĿֱǰĲ裬Ц˵ʹòɱХеʹ
֮ˣΪܶħ١ʵ
˭˵ɻʲܶɽ٣ںº˵첻ϣҲҪҲ죬Ӳ򣬼ɻʣһٲħħ١ַ˵һħٲ£֮ϣȻַԶȻܣϵñΨżס
ǿȣѾԳλʵǿһ˰ɡ˶ַ㣬̶ֳȵħ䲻̫̬ˣ𺳵ǣУֻΪͬ˵һֻ䣬һ÷ǿһħ٣
˴εħٶôȺ૵Ȼڴ˿̣пֲ籩ֻǻɢħٶȻۣʹƬջ֮ɫƺӵǿˣһĻʹȺͫɫӲ
ôħٲǸղŶôͷ΢ٸչٽ٣˵ֱʣ
ϵɱӵǿңѵ˵ַѾﵽ˶ɽ֮ڽɫŵʱΪٶͻƣ˫غϣʹһٹһ٣
ʵͬ²İ㣬ַղɵĽ٣ֻǰǰ͸öɵĽٶѡ
һֵ˷׷׶ַ㣬һﲻ֪ʲôȻħѣʹħݣѹôǿַ㣬֪жôǿ˰ɡ
ձҪ趢ַ˵ֻڶεľħٶɱ£ַ㣬ʹַȫ޾ħʹΧȺԶԶ˿
ַž죬̧ͷϲµĽˬֻо嶼Ҫȫȵ޴й
꣡˫ȭգַֻоѾһٽ㣬Ǽɱµħָо˶塣
һħٽַ૵ֻһλʣʮ˴ħ٣ٶɱ䣬ӵһλͨλʣһշѹɱ
ȵŭһΣ磬̤λʣֻƾշѹһͨλʡַаȴɱȻ䣬ֻһ󣬿ֲ۳һֻ޴ޱȵӡ͵ĽַסʹַϢ֮С
򣬼ɽΣһҪ˵
£һҲ뿪ˡһֻ֮֮һֲѹ£Ⱥ̧ͷ漴㿴Ĵǿߵˣңλ
ַ㿴гֵļˣ漴ֶŲ裬һЦʥŶַ㲢ʥײϾʥѲյʥ壬壬ȴһȻ棬ò
λǰַɱҲôˣǰѵҪѹô̧ͷеλǿߣвʣȫ٣оˣɱַ㣬Ѿǲˡ
磬ѵͶַô𣡡Щ벻ףѾ򶨾ģǽûг֣ǿȽַɱ
ôѹŮ˵ѹ壿⥱˵Ű
ɱҲλǿߣܲᡣȻ˵
裬㣬ַʵɱɱַ㣿֮ϴ˵ʹòͫղХַǿȻҲնַ㡣
ϴ󿴵ɫһյΪҲХǱҪַȻСֵֵزɵǣЩʵˣնҲǸϵĵܳѰҶַ㣬һҲ뿪ˡ
ϴвĻɫһɫֻԷ˵ѵҪҵȳֲɡ
áҷһʥսѧԺҲʥݣǻмѧԺޡ
˵գӶһͷǿ⣬ȥǿҲɱǣϾһʥ壬ɲܹȥġ
һЩҪַǿߣһĻҲ׷ȥŶУ磬ܹǵġ
ַ㣬ϴַ΢Цһʱַ㡢Լ˷׷̤λǿߡ
ʵƺ˳ǻߡϴ΢Ц˵ַ΢΢ͷźֵʾ£ʱ˷׷ڿգ쫷סȻ䳯ԶȥʧȺ֮С
ˣǿַ뿪ŭһڰɱַǵļƻҲˣװ׵˰ʱ䣬ȴַΪǣħ֮٣ʱҲû˷ѣߵȴ˴Ŷ֮УȴоЩֵûеõҪģԲֵ
շѵܲѧԺ𣡡ĺ˵΢΢ͷʱη׷˸ʥݵķ򷵻أҲ׷뿪Ϊ׵ɫŵʹ˶ûܵõַֻ̫ǸоУõʥ
ŶҲǸһ䣬ʥֹŶֽһβƽʱ⣬ϾγֵĿɲʥ̫׵ۣЩʥǿߵõ
֮һŶյŭ֣һǺǰͬһص㣬Ǻлɽ֮أŭ·Ҫ㣬û֪˭ҵģ˴ǽɵҲ˵пֲǿ칦ŶУʵΣ޴֪


1792 輧
ʥݣĴѧԺ˴ζвǰŶȴûʲôջ񣬴ϢȴʥŶʥ̫׵֣ʹʥһЩǿ߸˲С
һϢĴѧԺ˸ΪעսѧԺַǽŵΨһջˣãһվʥ̫һõʥ
ϢҲ֪˭ųģ֮ѾʥݵĴѧԺѧԺȻЩ죬Ҳû̫˼νˮ¥̨ȵ£սѧԺ˻ȶַ㶯ְɣȻǰַսѧԺҲпַӴ˶ŲѧԺˣսѧԺǿڶ࣬ܿ˻ַ㡣
ϾʥͬʥսѧԺЩ֮ܳˣǱԼĹʥԼ壬ʺʥܹͬܣı˵츳ǿ˵ԣ֮ͨ˶ܹɱ䣬֮ǵõǿʢޱȣɾ;֮ʣ˭᲻Ҫ
ȻʥҲַֻһӵʥһӵУȻҲв˵õϢȴûôֲƺ˹ɢϢʹַʥ鴫÷зټַ㱾Ϊ̫ǿ󣬶ʱваš
սѧԺ֮У˶ڵȴַѾصѧԺеļ֮ˡ
ʱƣ˽ʧǼһҪѧԺˡ
һսѧԺ֮УһսѧԺг˲ʱֻսѧԺ֮أһӰ̤룬ѧԺ֮ĿƽɨһЩȺһΪ̫ǿ󣬵ҲӢ۷
ַ㡣ڴʱֻһӰâмվŵһӰ˺Ȼַ㣬һսѧԺѧԺУǲڵء
ַ㣬̨ˡҲ׷ע⵽ַһˣʱӰ˸뿪ߡ
ţǳţĺõַϢǳŵټԲߣζԸַ㣬սѧԺѧԺĹأϴҪɱַ㣬ҲֻܰŽַȥԸսѧԺֱӳֶԸҪ֣ҲҪ֣ͬս̨һλѹŶԸˣʦֻΪ˲ܡ
ַס֮أҲַ̨Ȼ˷׷׸ۼԺ֮⣬ĿⶼԺ֮Уղţ̨֮ˣԺ֮ûϢ
ˣֻһӰ̤ʹȺɫ΢Ҫ̽ô
к·Ըֻһ̨֮˶Ҫ̤븮ۡеǿʵ̨ţЩǰŶˣֻ̨һЩ̨֮Ҳźִ߱Ĵֻѡ˽λá
ǰݷôӹŶ̨֮ˡǿߵ˵
Ǹλʦֻ֮ʱзԸҪʼһʱıչأŲͣĪҪ̨֮֡˵Į˵һʹȺɫ΢ַһﵹǻ㣬չأڰɣ
ַҲչ𣿡ǿʵ
й֮ˣչˡ̨ٶ˵ʹһ漴߿Ҳ޿κΣַԩҲܺȥɣ˵ȥ
ŵˡͲŴʱĿ⿴ԶڵֻǱߣһӰȻǼŵˡ
ֻЩӰڸ֮ۡУĿĮһ̤Ǹۡǿһַ㣬
ַ㡢յлصݣòϢ˰̾һҪŰԵмΪܣиǱʵֳͬʥݼҵϵ֮ˣνҪ÷磬ſԵ
̨λʦֻѱչء̨֮˹˵ȻȴǼһ͵һʱһͷ֮Ӱ£ݺݵĺڸ֮ۡУۡһ̼䱬ѵ
չأЦŭһʮϢ֮䣬ұ⸮ۡҪûѡ
ˣڴʱֻһӰڿն𣬶̨֮ˣδģҲǷĿӼŵˣһ˶żǣ˵ַʦֱչ֮ǰԣǼôʮ֮Ǳ˰ս̨֮ϣ̨һźĵӣսλʾ֮ˣ˭һһԾ߻սɼԼѡ񣬵գˣȫ
̨ӵĻյйصʹͫǶļ֮ˣҲһɫӲɫࡣ
ʮպǱ˰ս̨̨ս㼧ţȫ
ĺɫӲļλһ磬˼ǵļ֮⣬ûʲôõóֵս̨Ǳߣַ㡢յˣǷǺļҲǳԼŶǱ˰ǰǶԾΪΣա
ôǿưԵ񲻸Ӧսǫ̂һ䵭˵
ӦսҲۣѵֻߵ˹ѹһЩǳŲȡˣҲáһ˳˵Щŵ֮ʱһŰԵǼǣֱӳ֣ôˣ̨ͺսˣȫ˿ֻоѪǳʹ죬̨ǳŸս
û˻뵽̨ڼɱ֮ʱһֱսǱս̨
ǼŲӦսĻǾдˣŵڶսսɾͶˡ
սǹŭȣԷ˴ܲսʵкξա
ĺüͷ΢΢ţ漴˵ս򣬵Ҽ
̨֮ĺĻʱ¶һĨЦݣ˵ַʦͲµǵ뷨չ֮ǰԣ𿴼ţҲֻЩǿĶսǣǱػҪ󶨶սǿڣ̨´ɣƶøǼţΡ
ûַԭ˼ĺǵȷַ˵Ĳ࣬ЦųսѧԺǿɵļţҸճ̨սҪƶȨ̨⣬øˡ
̨ӴЦ˵ʹĺɫ࣬ҲЩŵŶƺЩҲסˣԼŵһճõҪƶȨȷʵΪ˲أǳŵĺԿҪ
ϢĮɱŲֻ̋һĿɨǵַʦֻ˵ˣǣʮպǱ˰һλãŲŲˡ
ҵţŭһХ֮ͬղ漴Ӱȥ֮ܣʮպַ


1793 ս̨
ʮպ̨սǳţϢ˲ϯսѧԺ˹עλʵǿ߶Դ¸ġ
սѧԺ˲ٷǳ˥ܹѹȺ֮⣬ҲֻʣľɿãȻľվͰܸ˺֣񣬿ɲ̫ʤ㣬ˣǳţȲʤȯ֮ˣƺֻʣ¼һˣֻ񣬻֪˴սսΡ
֮ʱ裬̨֮ỵ̂ƶȨø˼ǳţӴ˿ɼ̨ǿţĺڱ¾ȻһԲҲδܾ˶ܹĺԼҲ֪ۼʵǳţȷһܿĻ᲻̨
ˣʮĺǳŵ˿ʼԾսѧԺУ˿̣ǳŵĺ˾ĸۡԺԶ
ҶԼţûȤĺ֮˫۾΢΢ҡͷ˫ͱӵУ·ֻɱ˵ʱŻ֡
֪ûȤֻϣܹʱ뼧ţս˳Ҽž㡣ĺƽ˵ĺǱ˰ڶϯλǿߣַ֮ǰԸ̨֣ܹһǳѹ
ƺʼûʲôȤ΢Цҡҡͷ»Ѱ˰ɡ
¶ԲһսѣҼųŵ㣬βõѡءĺĿ⿴ž˵ʹþ΢΢£漴Цǳ̨һϻûеõѵأ
ĺƽһ仰ɴŵвζνõѡ񣿰ô
ĺͫ΢΢촽䶯Ҫ˵ȴ㡣
ĻĺҲûµıҪˣһƵͷţ漴վȥټսѧԺɲֻ⾣һ˶а
뿪˾סĸۡĺǳŵ˿ʼǰطһսĿΪ̨֮˵һϯνսѧԺǷзսܵĻǳŽɨأǳŵҲ档
ĺļǺľͬûţ˿ڵɽɽпͨ񣬱ǰѾܹ岽ˡ
ʱĽŲ֣ľʱһ΢΢档
˵ϴǽַǶԼս飿ľһǰʱǵЩСһΪ֡
棬̨֮ˣҼǳսַ̨ӦǿߣӦûһ档ľ˵
ʵǿλʾӦеˣҼ佾񣬵ȴӶ֣ڴǵʤ˵뿪ˣּսСС֣Ҳû̫ȤǼսм¡
ľĿ뿪漴żǣ˵ûУ˵ַʵҲʮ춼Լ״̬ﵽ۷壬ƱҪһսַ㡣
ʮʱսѧԺԣָֻһӼĹʮвڴһõǿɣ̨ͬǰ𣬼ţҪ֪ǰŵκһţֻ˵ķݣַʦֵܣԺñսѧԺǱս̨֮ϴܼţֳ̨ݸǿˣǺͼŵսβڴ
̨֮˴ַ㼸仰ò˴̣ˣǣǱ˰һλãŲŲˣǣɲһţԺͼˣȺ˿룬֪ʮ᲻һֱҪַʬΡ
ʮգڵȴжȹ˿սѧԺǱ˰ĺս̨Ե֮أĴսѧԺӰлѧԺܹݻۣϾЩ˿ɶżԼ飬ҪҪһսǵȤȻһսȴսѧԺĿš
ŵˡڴʱȺдֻ֮ԶһӰΪ֮˺ȻǼǳŵĺ
ǲڡȺֻһӰ֮вδּǵӰɵ¶һĨɫϾⳡսǾǸ
ʲôʱҲ뼧ˣʱȺֻĺ߳һӰǱ˰ǰΪǱ˰ַǳ׸Ѿ˺λȴһֱûг֣ٴν٣ͼһ
ֻĺߣüǱ˰ǰʮǿߡȺֿˣͫ΢΢£Щ˹Ϊս׼ĺǱ˰ļλʧ˲ʱﶼ˳Щ˵λö˼գ֪ܷʰҫ
˶һսǱ˰ǰʮϯλȻ޴仯Ҳ󲿷ΣҪŲһ¡
ǳŵΪֲˣ̨Ҳַ㡢֡λʦֵܶǳ̨һЩǿߣҲǳԼǣ˵Ŷܵĺ󱲣ڵıڣμҪʤ²ס
а˼ţԱ˫ʵǷֲ֪У̨λһΣѾĿֲˡ
ˣ̨ҲˡʱֻԶһӰһųףƺ͸ŶԽսڴգܷսѧԺһ
ֱ̨֮һǱ˰ս̨ԱߵĳȽ֮ŵվǶ棬һޱȵĿײδսƺȺܵһǿҵεıѹȸС
ǵأַĿǰĮ˵ʹͫ΢΢£Ȼ߲ƣַ͸ŵźͿ˿ѷڼǡ
ôȲҪôһ֮֮ʹǺľӰվս̨ԵϿ֮ء
ַǹһĨǳЦܵǹϢСһҫܹ֤ǿô
־壬ܵҪͷϢ׳׳̨Цʱ̨֮˶ЦǶַͼһսЩĵģϾԴӶǱ˰һϯλܹ֮ս˶ûУպͼǵһսҪһս


1794 ŵĹ
ַ㽫ĿӼƿ漴ĺϣĮĵĺ˴αø㼧ţڣսѧԺ֮棬˰ɡ
ĺĿ£漴˵ȻǶˣ˴λսĹܼ򵥣һһԾҼųһˣ̨һˣս̨϶ԾңֻҪܣɶظսʤһ֮󣬿ϢսֱҼţ̨ȫܣΪܡ
ĺĻʱ̨ͫ΢΢£ĺֶΣֹܹǿ棬ռƣˣսУֻҪʤˣظսΪǶģһǣظսֻҪܡ
̨ƺЩ鷳ˣûܹ¼ǣһˣ½̨˺а⣬ַҲһЦĺþ̣֮ϣҲռơ
̤ս̨Ļ˫ͬʱս̨̨ϣ㼧ſ̨֮˺ѡ񣿡̨Ⱥһʱ˶ĿͶĺ
Ҽռ̨ˣսȻṫƽһһ֣һսҼȳˣһս̨ȳˡĺƽ˵һ
ôַĿⶢĺ⣬Ҫĺ˶Ļ̨ҲΣգһֱͣսκ˶ϼǣ¶ûжʤ㡣
Ƿ̤ս̨ԼԼǱطһ뿪ս̨Ϊܣսĺƽ˵ַ㲻Ը̨£ȻҲüŵȥˣȨսԼַҲӦġ
ַɨ˼ŵһۣĺֹȷʵǿȫˣ򣬱Ƕ̨֮˵ĲΣ̨֮ս٣Ҫ̨ĵս̨֮չַˡ
ͬ⡣ַͷ
ȻͬĻҼ㣬̨ǲˣս̨ɡĺĵ˵
޳󺦳һֹµս˶óһȳˣռƣˣռ
ʵƫһս󺦳Ų΢ֱ̤̤ս̨
ĺ󺦳棬ǹһĨЦݣյս̨Ҫ̨ж˳ܼܵ
ˣ˸ľս̨֮ϣĿӴ󺦳棬Į˵ֽɫҲ̤ս̨ȡ裬Σ
ַڴ󺦳棬һͷԷȣľʵȷʵǳĴ󺦳սûʤ㡣
ķϻս󺦳ϹϢڴ󺦳⸡֣ã֮ŶȭâƿգֻһЮŴ󺦳ǰУľ
ľһʱܳĵı̺ļ֮⣬ﶬֲͬ⾳䲻죬ǹ⾳ִ󺦳档
뷨Ľڣɾļ⾳ַɫһľҲûȣˡ
ﶬļ任֯ƣ⾳ࡢҡѩ⣬·ļ֮УΧˣ⾳һǰȭѹƣ󺦳ľʵվв࣬ľֱɱС
Ȼļ֮սɱ󺦳ŭХ·һ֮ľãڴ󺦳Ͽգһ´̳ʧɫɭɱ⡣
սַ̨ͺһδľʩչľɱУô󺦳ù
ççӵǬ󺦳ģŲݺݼ̤أֻ֮ϳһ֮Ӱŭһֲ֮Ӱֱɱⶼʵ÷飬ǧ
ַ㿴һĻͫ΢΢£ԼǵͿ󺦳ˣһͨޱȣʹǧ˺Ļ
ã󺦳ççȭȻֵز̺⡣̨¶ϲ֮ɫٶ£˴󺦳棬󺦳սˣս̨ڣ˼ѪûشһսĽַѾΪˡ
лʸַǽ󺦳棬̨вڵһҲܺľս̶ֳȣ̨һս̨֮૵һսʸսܣҲԺˣľǱ˰Ҳǰʮˣ󺦳ȫˡ
ڶս㼧ų˰ɣ̨ĺֻĺĿһϣʱһӰ˸ս̨֮ϡ
ǰƺûһ뼧ŵġȺ֮ɫ΢£Ǵ˿ƺĺֶΣһЩڻң̨̨̭ȳ˵ʱűǿȥշѹúݵֶΣò˵ô
ȥ̨Ӱ͵̤ս̨ŭһʱžʱƱøӴͬһ񣬸Կµѹ
ˣֻ̨Ų̤ս̨ƶʱһͷ͵ʨ̺ϣŶԷ̤ȥ
üͷ΢΢£̨ӴӰоһɿµѹվǰķ·һ޷ݻٵľ޴顣
𣡡̨ȻХһʱһ޴ĹʨǰĿޱʨֱӺ˶ԷԺУʹöԷԴݺһ·ڱµʨ̤
𡢺𡢺𣡡һ֮ͷţ̨ӰѾ˶ԷǰɱͬǧʨڵŶԷȥ
ƺһۿȻȫʨ֮𣬱̨ѹȶ£ͬʨ˹ȥ¡һ޴ײֻͬһʸ㳯ս̨·ȥѪ£漴һλŵ˽ס塣
̨ŵһڣĿɨһۣ漴ĺŻķ㼴㲻ʵֱײҲڻҰɣۣνսѧԺǿɣЦ
˵̨ת󲽳̨ȥݺݵĳһеĶ´λڻҪϡ
ţΧȺżЦĺΪȷʵôųһͷ·Ǽη̨ȡֶεġ
ܿܣʤŲ١ĺ˵һȻҲ֪ԼӰ죬Ϊ˽ʤҲֶֹֻܶˣмĹ̨ʤ
һɡĺһƽ˿Ҳȼ˻棬ղ̨磬ǳŴӴɨأһеĶעͶѹڼˣֻҪܣţʤȯգĶҪ̨жüǽ


1795 ħַ
һ˵漴Ų͵һ磬վս̨֮ϡ
ַĿ⿴䣬ʥչذ꣬ʥ֪ʵûһ׶ԵֻľֵĻȫܹȫˣϾԭǱ˰ڶʮ˵ǿߣִ̨̨֮սʥ˰ǰʮӦܹһϯ֮صġ
ĺ֣ͫһâŸѧԺĿˣ䡢Ե˻ǷǳصģǼ룬ȻԺͰڵʱ󿼺˽֮Ǻַһ𣬶Ƕ˱뼧ŵĻᣬѡ̨̤Ϊĵˡ
ǣĺһâк֣ʱȺͫ΢΢£ǣĺȻҪǳ֡
ֻǽŲһ̤ʱݣս̨֮ϿХ֮صȺĶĤۣս̨ϵֻоһѹѹϣԺоҲ⼧ǵʵ˰һǿߣ̫ˣ޿ƥС
䣡һֱͼڹ֣ʹͷһ⼧Ҫ壬оշѹ
𣡡ͫ׶䣬ʹֻоԼ־漴ֻƺݺһץʱֲһͷצ·ֱӿɱϣͬʱҲɱ֪Ҳ÷ϻֱӶ֣䲻ɱս̨ǿԵġ
˫ͬʱʱһƮ˵Ĺ֮죬ֻ֮г޴Ŷһ·ֲ̺ѹ
ɱ屻צץѳѪĽŲɹǰ˷ʹ˰Ȼֱ漧ǣͼײ
ŭһһŭ𣬲ƹŶݺݵĺھ޶֮ϣʱ죬ݣ޴Ŷϣʱ屻ñˣֱӳս̨·ȥ
ˣַ㽫ס漴۵һѪ³ַĳȾ죬ʹַǺ⡣
һ֮ڣַʵû°ɣ
áɫΪƣû뵽ͼǵĲ໹ô󣬲ɵöַ㴫һַ㣬ҪһռԾʵȷʵҪСġ
ף̨ͼžսʤؼʵַͼϡ
ַ΢΢ͷ漴̧ͷս̨ϻδȥļȥôʱļĿҲͬ˵ͫײй֮вʹ֮
һսַĿӼϻƿ漴ĺϡ
ǻصԭأĺĿһϣֻһȻ併ս̨֮ϡ
ȥ̨һ˫֮ͫ͸ŷŭ֮
ַ̨ͺһʹ̨Ų΢ͣĿ⿴ַ㡣
һսɡַ૵漴һ㽵ս̨֮ϣĿƽĿǰ֮ˡ
ڷԼȥüַƽɫޱȵĮȻƽĮʹöԷоһǿҵ裬Ǽս֮ˣҲǷ֮Ǳ˰֮һϯ֮أݵַ衣
ɫâ˽Ųǰÿ̤һһɴ֮ѹȶ֮Уɫķƺ۳һɽŷ壬̺ѹַշѹȥ
ַŲͬǰ̤ÿһȴս̨֮ƣһʥݺύɫͽɫĹ໥ӳģ֯ɸͼƣַĶоһ˿ַ֮죬һǷǳ˿Ѿﻢ£ֻܽˣ֮·λǰȥ
ɽӡŭһʱ·һӡ֮ͬӡɱɽ壬̺ޱַɱ
ַħƣȻĺɱʱӡշ÷飬ͬʱŲݺһ̤ʱһΣԷ嶤ԭأ˿һȻŲ޷ҡֺʸһƵĹƣ֮޷
ΪҲսַ̨䣬ôվڶԷǰƽͬһ̣Է࣬˷ţԽԽǿʢġ
𣡡ŭХһ͵ĻӳһӡǰַɱȥȻַֻƾݺݵĺʱӡѣַȭͷֱӳڶԷԴǰ·ֻǰܽԷԴ䱬
Ȼַȭͷȴڣûкֻ˫ͫףŶԷ۾֮ͫУһȪģڶԷԺħ
֮ˣǼͣǿʵС츳˲ȴΪ˼Щôܵвȣαս̨к䡣ַͬħݺݵĴԷ࣬ڶԷԺл졣
츳пɾꡢʵҲǿ֮·ֻһż֮ģ㣬˰ڲ̤ǿ·ܹ̤սѧԺҲֻΪģͬӹһ˸Ϊ˰ڲ󱲣硣
־ַһ͸ԷԴʹԺжڻصַ䡢˰ڲ󱲡һﶼʹ̤
죡˿һȻȴֻ¡һ촫ַֻƺȻ£ݺݵĺڶԷϣԷֱѹڵϣ漴ż̤ڶԷϣͷŽµӰͫĶŶԷ
֮˿㣬ͬ˿ҿ㣬վս̨֮ϣо𣡡ַϴʹĶԷʹ˫ֱԼԴ·ԴҪըѣҪ㡣
Լȥú룡ַżݺݵ߳ʱ峯ս̨ԵȥֻԷͣƬ̣漴һ
˵գ嶸Ȼ𣬹ȥɷ֮ͬ˰㡣
һúݡȺһĻ΢ЩˣֻоͷƤһ飬ַڼ̤ԷϣԷ֮ģ̫ˣĮ飬ûа
һ˶Ķַ㣬û뵽һֶǫ̂˶е΢Щ⣬ǵӰа̾һﵱ̨֮˶ֵܣĮԴˣȴǸͷβĶħ߲յӰǳ׻ˡ
ַĺâɨżŵˣＧţĄ̊́ΪУＧŶԸֵܣȻˣͲҪĺˡ
֪ǰڼţκһսпս̨ǴĻԼĬĬ뿪ȻҲʶһԼַ³һʹЩ˸о΢Щ䣬ǶԸղһʶ


1796 
Χ˵Ŀ⿴ĺֻĺ˿ɱâ˸ԤϵõĺȻ̨һ֣ܿǼս
ˡĺ۾гһߣͬ߰㣬ɭ֮С
ַΧ̨֮ˣ漴Ŀϣպʾʱ̫࣬һֱͼԽʵҲͬСɣӵͼڣͼʹͬһۻ룬Ѫǿʢ˳ҪӦΪʣַսҪ󣬲սʤֻ̨֤ʵ
ΪǱ˰һѾãѧԺ֮ʱѾǵһˣ̨˰ܣҲΪܡ
ڣɸҳȥһսַڿڵڷɨַһֻۣоŭһôԼһХڵӰս̨֮ϣĿң漧Ⱥ
˭սڹŭһǽŲһ̤ս̨֮ϣϢ
ȻˣҪôҪôϼą̇̄Ⱥ֮һ֮żսȺѾǳһţ̨ǰȷѾû˽ıǮƺλˡ
һһХս̨֮ϳſޱȵҰǱͼڣڻ̫񣬺ͼǺݺײ䲻еͬ˰㣬ѱХ죬µ̫·Ѿս̨ȼ
ǵ֮ȭͷݺݵĺڵ֮ϣʹڵۻأȻȴٶȳ𣬲ģƺԶ֪
ˡַ㴫˵ٶȿ죬ǿᣬܹս£ȻվǼǵĶ֣˿Ȼ˲ƣӲƴȥˣս̶ֳȣѾ㹻
˶ͫ׻ͷַһַۣĿʱ³һХ֮ս̨
һսʤȴûϲãŭһƺǳãͬżŷ̤ȥַǿŵˣȴû̶ֳܹȵշѹ
Ŷ֮ˣΪ̫ڵʵǱѰѱɻַĻ̨ʵԽɲ⣬Ǹ̨ʮʱ⣬½Ϊһš
е֮̾ʵǿᡣ
ٴֵųˣַֻĮͫɨӼڵķλʹüŵĶоַ۾ǿԼɵû΢ЩַҲ͸ղŶԸһԸǣԺˣڲַ֪㵽жǿ£Ƕұ֤Լַȫˡ
ˣӪһݵļžĺĿɨȺȴּû˸ҳս
ĺǳźôǼ֮һȴӦ˺̨սαս˴㻹ü֮սɣˣҲù־棬ֱ档
ʱȺ֮һʹͫ΢΢£ķȥ˵֮˾̨֮ˣһۣ˫ͱӵе꣬
ĺžкâ֣⾣ûдӦʱ뼧űҲˣ񾹻Է̣д
һսľ޷ȺĿ⣬ӰֱǰУ̤ս̨֮ϡ
ĺ΢΢һоΪĿַ㣬һǳ֣ľԿ⣬ǱҲַͬϣȴַЦ£ҲͬǼʤҪǼſ̨ǵļ̤һսʦ֣սɣ
ľ̤֮ʱַ㿴ĲսһսڴǿľУʱѾһȥ֮ܣƱҪֻء
ʤ㣬ɻ°ܽľ͸ǿţܱսʤ˻ܣվаϣ
ɽɽˮˮɽɽˮˮ૵˫ʮʮϷɣ󱳸ŷɷնأɽɽյ
ڿ֪νļɱ£ɽˮԼ𡣡ľһļâɱȥļâֽ⾳ͬʱ٣շѹâ
ֻ΢գʱ޾ŶʹճһӰ·ڷ֡
ɱľһâշɱȥ֮ϣֲԼһʱշѹ飬Ȼľ۽ǵϲֻǳ˲䣬ɫ˲Ϣֻ֮֮ܣȫһ÷ӰʹĿѣ֮С
ɽɽˮˮַͫ΢΢£Ŀⶢգ쳾ƻãһн￴ɽƻáƼ٣˿գ֪һ
ʦˡֿһĻ֮ǿʵһĨõЦ⣬һĻ֪֮գѷա
ʦ֣ô£ַĿ⿴Եĺ֣˵
ַ㣬޷֮һ֣һ򣬿ɲ߷ӵ֮ʦջԵɺ֮µõһ𹦣Ϊ񣬺ͬ˹ѲȻÿζʵзԾʥһγ򡣡
ֶַ㴫˵漴Цԣսʦܱʤˡ
ս̨֮ϣľΰУһΧļ֮һȴ޴ţľڴصĿֲͷŶ÷񲻶ϱѣȻŭ³ľ꣬漴ӡѹ£ľúݺݵײڵ֮ϡ
ľվս̨ϣ̧һӰ԰ףˣȻܸյ°ܽܵ˵Ŀ⣬ֻоЩĿⶼͶĿ⣬оģΪĴʹܡ
ʵľˣֻǿߵ磬˿̸Ŀϣǲľǿ󣬵ȴյǿ󣬱һǰصĿɮֲֽ̫࣬˸о·ɱһ̥ǡ
ˡһƮ֮й£Ҳ״³ľϹͷţȻȴĺ
ľɫһ˫һĨǰ֮У˸ս̨ȥһս̨ʤ
ľһܣһ˼ǵ޵ļ֮⣬ѾûóˣϺ֡ЦǣǱذɣǣһֱüս
ˣ΢ֻһ̤ս̨ͼڣĿ⣬֮Ŀ·̴̨֮˵ͫ촽΢΢䶯£³Եǣһϰɣ
ðԵ˿ս̨ļǣĳӿҪΨпһˣ񣬼վҪս̨


1797 ս
ַ㿴̤ս̨ĿӰǹһĨЦݣƺڷ̣һˣս̨
ȻǱ˰һʢ飬̨ȴ֮ˣλֵܣǷֱǰ£Ǳ˰һľӢˡַ³һƽʹ̨֮ͫâ׼սô
λֵܣָս򣬸λֵܿǧҪͣ˼ʢ飬һսַ̨㵭Ц˵漴̨˴һǲսܼǣôҪսѧԺ˶ʶһλֵܵľӢˣˣսغһһսݣа̴Ϣ
̨΢΢ͷ漴Ų̤ս̨ٶַǿսֱײ
ϡ̨һЦһ޴ʨͬʱ̨ȫѣʨ£̺֮
ֻǳӶʱͼӣ˫ۺƻͷ㣬¡
𣡡̨ͬһݺѹ£ʨǿʢ˼£һͷʨɶ¡
ɫһ̨ҺӲֻ˫ģʱͷŭɱ;ʨײʨ
ֹ̨һȭȭƷ˰Ĺʨڣշѹ£ͫâ͵ĳţ˫һͷͷʹǬزĿ±֮Ⱥս̨ǲǷˣƺһǰˡ
ˣֻ̨ǺУַʱһâһս⡣ȥ
ˣȻַ˼ֱս̨ͬʱ̨Ӱˣ˽棬һĻʹüŵɫһ䣬ĺսδأ
ڲѾ𡣡ַƽڣ˿̨ս̨֮£ȻҪս̨ôܲȫ
Űɡĺһ˿ֱӻΪ壬һӴޱȵĹ⥳ս̨֮ϣ̨һֱ˼ǣضֹȻ仯Ϊӵΰûͼײʱ¶ֲܼޱȣսɺͼǿսݣֱ֧
ššԣ׼սַƽڣ̤֮ս̨ȼƬ̴ϢʼŭսǣʹüǵѪûƽϢֿʼһͨĿ籩깥
Ȼǵʵȴǿֲս֮ϢѪǿʢ˥أͼڹâҫۡ
սսսšźʵ䶼ǿ󣬺ͼǿսֹɻǱѹƣȻսʱ佥ôǿߵĹڵѪܲڣоʼ
սȥְɡַ΢΢ͷʱӰ磬ȻϵŶʹͫ΢΢¡
ƺŶ뢵ĺ˰ɣһֱַ߾ĳɾ˰ϵ򡣡оȣַҲ΢в죬ӵʮʣѳɰϵˣ̼䣬ϵ񱩹ͨУط·ҪѿսﾹǼĿ¡
ǿʢȻϵܵͨУüΪˡַаһȺ򰵰զַ̨࣬ˣ֣ЩһȻûһ֮Ǳ˰ǰʮϯλȺ֪ôˡ
ʦ֣һսˡַ΢΢һЦڵ⼧ǼȻҪ磬Ǳȫһɣúø³սζΡ
յַһۣ漴¶һĨζЦݣһЩʱ̣սܣʵȴӡ̤ս̨֣ӡϺɱ뼧Ժʹô˿̵ļǱЩ͸޾ŭ⡣
񱻶ˣŭƺѾ޷־ء˿սļаʵɱ֮ǳǿᣬһ𣬵кüӡ˼ǵϣʹüϢʼЩȵĲգƾǿʵǽջܣȻ̤ս̨ʱһֻؽɱ˲佫֣ʹȺо˼΢
ǱͼѾôâҫۣϢŲƺЩֵͣ޽ȴ趯ֻأѵĺֻ֮ɣûֹǿʵɫƽ˼£ûκβ
͡Ȼ䣬гһӰ֮⣬ֻ廯ǧ֮Уͬողһ
ַܻʥȺͫ£һÿ죬ȻѾܻ˳ΣʹҲ·ǧӰ
ǧֻ޽նɱǶ޾ֻɶɫѿ˼¡
ס֡ĺŭһǧâȻʧ֮ϣĿ⿴ĺͣս
սҲսĺ˵
Цַ΢΢𣬷˵ǱһҪһսģôоսȥˣͣ
ûʵҲҪ磬񾹳棬衣̨ķţȺһɫ̨ǿߣа̾Щ˶֮·Ʋɵ
ʦ֣ɡַ㵭Цһ˸˻ص̨ӪУ¼Ϣַǡ
ʱַֻӰ̤ս̨֮ϣʹȺɫ΢ʱַҪĻǵʤС
ַǵϿ֮أĿƽĿżǣĮ˵ȥϢɣ۸֧
Ƭ̱á˵ȷҪϢƬ̣ΪĬսҪʤ
㼧Ųǻкܶṳ̂ս̨ѵսӣȥһȫսˣǳսһϣ̨˵ϻȻҲẰͣսġַŵķζ䲻ɨĺһۡ
ղżû飬ַ㣬ҪԼŵǳսһϣ£̫ˡ
˫ȭգž죬ղ˵һսʧˣ̨һԸͣսַָ˵Ҫսȫһ˦ϣǵе˵㼧ǣҡ
áĺ˵ǣս̨
ʤһϢģ䵭˵漴̤ս죬ĺҲʼżŵ׼սԸַ㡣
Ȼ䣬һӰַͬ㣬죬֮壬Ĺֱӳַɱ
ַ˫طΣ¡һ죬ԷĹϣ飬ȻԷȭͷ֮ʱȴо׸ӵǿι̣޷ݻٵʹͷ̧ͷַֻűЦ
䣡ֱַӺݺݵ˦һȣֱֲӽԷ߷˳ȥڿзӰɻźţÿ£
ܲҪַôҿһϱȽϿ죡ַ㵭Įϯգ˲ݣ̫ˣ䶼䲻ҲսѧԺǰƺǸ


1798 ʤ
ַлصʹüŵһɫ࣬Ȼղ˺ַûܶҡַֺһжôǿˡ
ŵˣַΪ䶼䲻
ղżҪսַ̨漧ΣսҲСȺսҲС
ս֮ʱ̨δȻҪȺսҼҲȫ㡣ĺƽ˵漴Ŀ⳯ԵȺȥʱһӰڿնʹĿ΢΢һ⼧δ̫˵ɣַҲֻһ˵ȻҪȺս
һսɣҼſӢˡĺĮ˵Ŀ⿴ˣ΢΢ͷַʵǿᣬô˶ȥ޻أ˴Σַ̽ʵ
ȴ򣬲ؼһʱлûлԸ֡ĺ˵Ӱǰ̤ʱ֮ɨֱַ㣬͡
ַ㿴ɨĹӰŲ͵ļ̤棬ƶȻ両֣ŰӶޱȡ
󣡡Ⱥǹƣɫ΢ʥ֮⣬ַȺսֿʼˡ
ˣ֮УŶѹ£ȻǾŶֻ˶ͬʱԾ޶Яַѹ
Ȼڴʱֹ·пֲѪڷ񷭹ֻʱַ󣬳һͼڹӰŹӰ֮Уһͷֻǣǣڡޱȣ͸ſֲħħ··͸һɿµĺڰħ֮ɭϢŻɱ¾
ͼڣһĻȫһɫ𺧣ⲻǼǵͼôֻǲͼڣħͼڸΪʡ
𣡡ַ˫ŭڰħ˫йŭХɱȻ䳯޶ײ÷ַŲٶϺݺһ̤˫͵ĳץȥʱ·צӰ֣ɱˡ
ʱɫ䣬׷ͷ޾Ϣצ
Ϻսַ·һ˲˼ʮΣһϺӳιɱսꤣգշѹײһϣѪˡ
Ϻӳսо·˰㣬̺ÿ¡Ⱥһ˲䱻ַ˲ɵɫһħͼڣԼͬһĹ̫˼ˣַ㵱ȻмһܹͨһУȺܹ뵽ֻһֿԣʥ
ֻǣδ̫Щ
ʥַ㵱Ȼ첻ħͼڣҪˣַҲ֮ѪڵѪһͷڰħѪħټʥʹַܻͼӰʵûкͼһͼܻĹȷʵеġ
ĿĶַ㣬ɫѿͨʱַóԸŵˣںεء
ͬʱֱַ㣬Ϯɱַֻ͸һĨЦ⣬һ̫֮ҫգʹ˵۾һ·˷˽âնзλǰеַ׷׺
ַ֮壬ַֻӰȻ併һǰûжκεֻͨʵ޻һȭȻһȭ֮ʱȴ·ʹÿռ䶼΢΢ͣ£µɨڶԷϣһ죬һ˱Ѫˡ
Ŷħ٣ŭַ֮֮Ѿλǿȵһȭͨλʵķ򹥻ǿȣεȿԡ
תۼ䣬Ѿ˱ַˣȻַĶȴ˿ûͣһɨգɱɨǬʹ֮ɱâ·֮У˵ĹͬʱնǵҲˡ
ȭַЮŷ֮ͬʱȭâ¡¡Ŀ֮ؼ䱬죬Уһ˷ˣ޷ͲݵĹѪ¿׹ȥ
һսʱĺһĻ³һʱʮϢͬʱţַȴֱӽڵ֮ϣŲ̤ƹŰɢַΪģܿս̨ϱһâҫ۵ͼ
ɣַ㿴ǹӰ͸һĨĮЦݡ
ס֣ڴʱдһ֮ʹЩ̤ӰŲ΢΢һͣͲǰ׷׳˵֮ȥȻǼǡ
ĺ㲻Ҫŵ˻Ҫ档ǺĲãȫǱɷĺʹò˶㶣¶ֺɵɫ⼧Ƿŭÿʼڶô
˵ַ㲻ȺսĺȻŵȺսַ㣬ʵ̫ˣַʵôǸսѧԺһһǳţڼţ֮ˣȺսַ㣬ڴ֮ͥ£Ǳ˰ս̨֮ϣҲ˵սĽΣƾⳡսҲüɨˡ
˶˵ţַ̨һǶ˵Ҳѹּǻᶯŭ
ĺɫӲҲ֪ԼΪףǲȺսֻܿżŵ˱ַһ裬ս̨ͬǴ
̨ԳսķʽԸǣǺˣǱ˰һΪĴڣ̨ȥսˣȫˣûһ˲ɱ߱ǿģȽϣȴǹ̵ģսΣ̨Ʋɵ
ĺĬ˿̣޻˵
ַ㣬һսɰܰɡǽŲȻ̤֮һɿֲѹ嫵ս̨ͼڸ֣ҫ˷ȣ
ַŲһֱ̤ӽս̨ϿµĨ漴建ڿգĮ˵Ը
յһУΪһսҷû˻סʧߡ͸սʤǿռܵ裬һսɨɾֻҪڣǳţԶܡ
ѹǱ˰һλãŲһŲˡַ³һĮ漴ƳϿ΢΢һʱһƯڿգޱȵǣĿģһ֣Ȼǡ
ַǣеͬȻͬţǶΪԼսʤߣˣǵȻܾ
͵ĻӶ£ײɣһսɶ
ַ㣬Ǹӡа˵ʲôˣ֮أ֮󱲣ʤַŶ뢳ϣһɱʥݡ
ǣַʤɱ
ǣǱַɱǽʲô棿
ŵУЩûгļǿߣ̫ŵǿߣȫ¶棬ַ㣬Ǻַܲġ
ַ߳ѧԺʥݵļңͬǸȻֻǺͼĻҵĳܺǵͬ飬ʤǰܣǼԼ飬ʤǿҪǿҲȥ棬һǿɾȫһˣ


1799 ƽ֣
ôǶַ㲻ȻַûκԥƺֻһԭԽͣţԵţַûпǼܹʤһսܰܡ
뵽⣬ʱ˵ĿⶼĿַ㣬Խַ̨֮Ǳ˰ս̨ϵıòַʵ̨Ǳˣʮ̨꣬սѧԺλʺλʵǿȦԼһϯ֮أǿϾֻǾǱ˰ԡ
ȵϢϯս̨Ǻս̨֮Ϲһ쫷磬ſµϢ
ҲڴʱԶյУһӰ̤ЩһɫۣͼһɫĿ䣬޲͸ǿʢ֮ʣûκεϢͷţв˽Ŀǡ
֮ˣȺһĻͫ΢΢֮ǰս
ֻЩǿ߽ս̨ԵҲ˵ֻǶĬվǣȴò˶ܵһɵѹ̨֮ˣλһ׶ǿޱȣȻЩžӢȴǲСѹ߲ơ
ţ̫һſɶսѧԺţͬǾӢռǱذϯλǳţҲưλһ磬ռǱ˰ϯλֻ̨ǳѹȥ
ǣڵ̨ŵĻȻԶԶеĵذ˽ܣٶѾﵽλ۷һΡ
ȻǱ˰ս̨ϵûпŵ˵㣬ϣͼҫĿ֮⣬ַ󣬱ڰħͼ֮⣬ϣ㶼ʹüͫױַ㣬ֶΣ档
ַ㣬һսһȫԸ㳹շѹͼ֮ͷųĿ֮ԣֱֻۺݺһʱһͷͷǰؼ俪ٳһ֮ŵַɶȥ̺
ˣħַͼ֮໥ӳڰ֮ٳһħƴӾ촹£ʹַȫǿֲ͸ޱ߻֮ѹ
ַĹ𣬳Ż񲨶漴ַֻһһ֮䣬ħٹɱͬڰ׵ĸһɱһɱϣǻըѵ
ֻ˫ӡʱͼɢȥֲսûɣٳһبǳ쳵ַɱ̺޾⣬⣬·
ַŭХһϺӳսշգǬŶԷΪսɱշѹȥȻµϺսϺڶԷս֮ϣ޷ʹ֮ҡշһУӵ֮
ÿµ֮죬⼧ǿŭˣȫշѹַ㡣ȺַϺӳ޷ҡ죬а̺֮޾ֲ¶֮ⶼɱˡ
ַ͵ĳǰһԯ޸գǰͼ
ַ࣡˫붯֮Ϻսʼ֮һɱշѹգǬɫ֮أơ
ս޾Ϻսײղͣ£Ȼȴ£Ǵսһ̤壬峯ַ̤ͬһ٣޾İԵǿʢܹռǱ˰һϯλ˵ƾ֮λʾưˡ
˿Ⱥ뵽ǿᣬǺųƱȼǸӿµļ䣬зǱʵķһжôֲ˾̾ĿʵսѧԺʾ޵УʥݵĻʰ֮ϣеڶϯλֻһܹѹ֮ˣɡ
ַ㿴̤ͬ߰ļǣɫ侲˼£ûа㲨漴ֻͫޱȣͷŲս⡢ҪսƬأͬʱ֮ϯգ·۾֮㶼ҪȻǲս٣¡
ʱַ㱳ħͼڶʧˣȡ֮һħ𣬻ףһźڰ֮⣬·بŵĴڣǺڰ֮⵱У·̺ħ٣ܹһжҷ֮һħٴ£֮С
ҫ죡
ŭһʱؼ䱬⣬޾񷶼ǹ·Ӱֻһȭɱرɫշѹͼе·𶼳˳ȭâһշѹɱǵͫ׵б˭۰֮˭赲
ټ𣡡
ͻ֮ӣпµĲħħ·۵ַȭâ֮УΨл𡢲棬κ赲ǰһжҪҷǷħ
ħײһ𣬴ʹ˵۾޷ǻķ籩ʹúܶ˽Ųˣ·̺֮˵Ĺ̺жôµɱʲô̶ȵλʡ
ˣһҵĲ֮⽫嫵ս̨·ûУȵһеɢƽϢʱȺַֻɰԭأƺ˺˼ǣ˳սֱ̨ϵӱ˺ѵȫѪڵħͷŻ
ˣ
ǣսˣ
ȺͫĶǰһĻղżǱԽǰκһսڳսʱ򣬼Ƕûͷ˿»ĹΪľַ㣬Ȼȴˡ
Ǳ˰һˣǣսܣƺַͬ˵ǵһλãҪŲһŲˡ
ǳŵһɫѿսܣζǳŽգ׵һͿأ۵꣬սѧԺһʱ⣬ų˷ɣգ㽫ҪǿƵ˰һϯλô
ʱֻ΢΢ͷ⣬һԼֱۣ漴ֿһַ㣬˫ͫ׵бһµ⡣
Ųһ̤ûкˣȻһ̤ս̨
Ҫ³һĺѪڷֻ۾ϣͷ޾ĿֲѹʹȺͫ΢΢£ǣѵеƣ
ˣڴʱһֻ֮ŵļλǿͬʱ̤ս̨Ȼ併ڼǵԣƿϣʹüȻâ
սˡŭһüɫ΢мѣϵϢɿֲ
ֻһĿ⿴ˣһսľʣȻ͵Ϊֹˣһսƽ֣
ƽ֣ɫ΢£ûзַҲҪսƽ֮˵


1800 ϰ
սδأλҪôַ㵭˵һ͸ż⡣
˵һսƽˣλѵõţαطҪһѧԺҲһʧ°սĿƽ˵ҲΪƽͣϾսǲܸģȻȴ뼧Ǽսȥˡ
նڵâޱȣֻߵһ˶żǵ֪طȻܾ֮սαء
˵գִһ㼴սʤΣҪʱ䣿
⴫ԶʱһĬֵֻңҲ֪ǷҲеƣܾ˶ûκκôԣΨŬ´սһսʤ㲻Լʵ
˻֮ʱǳĬͫбŰɫҲĻָЩȷõƶԸַȷΪֵãлս١
ұ˵
ʹַüͷ΢΢һ¶һĨȤɫĮ˵ܾ֮˵ҲЦսɡ
ַ㡣֮Ŀٶȿַ㣬ڵαͱˣǵƾ£˶޺ô˿սƽ֣ò
û˵ҲôַЦ˵
ѡ˵˵
ַ۽ǴżĮȻҲ֪ɱ˼Ƕûʲôǫ̂ʥݿ´粽У⼧ǿŵĺܣôˣ̫ˡ
սҲԡַĿⶢ֮ˣʤʤܾǰܣƽ֣ϰܣұˡ
ϰܣͫ׶Ȼһϰܣ
Ǳ˰һˣǣϰܣɽһϯλˣַ㡣
ŵҲ΢΢üͷһƺһҲأüϰܿɲס
ַ㣬ʵδȫչ֣ƽճԴҶãαˡ֮ٶȿڣַһǾͼսɣϰܣֳʤܡ
䣡ֲϢӼϷͷţͼͷ޾⣬ҫĿޱߡ
ǡ֮˴һ͵ϣʱһɿµϢʹüͫһ䣬ŭʲô
ǣҴӦ˼տ㣬ʹطڵʵҪһʱָܻԪζŽһʱ޷дҲ˵һʱַʵжķԾ˿¶ɶĳԽֻΪһʱ֮ʤܶԼΪ㲻Ტۡ
ֱ֮뼧ǵԺУ㲻ҪˣǰѧԺ֮ɻΪʱ踺سһ츳ȼ֮ˣɵҲˡ
ʹüҲ͸һĨʹ踺أζҪʧܣǣǱ˰һøַ㡣
ǣѵսһûУ̸Խ缧䡣ٶȴȣ˫죬Ժݣڣֻ΢΢ͷ˫Ұͫ׶ַ㣬֮սұֻأһսҰܣ
˵仰·þȫ漴ιֱ˸뿪ߣһɿ񱩵ϢӣɼһսܶĴжôǿңҲףƾղźַһοֲײʹȫƣ޷ݻַ㣬˵̫󣬴Գܵˣַ츳ʵһʱ䣬仯̫ˣ˷ѡ
ȺǵȥıӰ΢Щ̾ˣվǰˣ˵Լһսʧܣַ˵Ǳ˰һϯλӴ˹ַ㡣
Ŀ⿴սַ̨ӰֻʱַôƽȻ·ǱĵһѾ֮һսűʤ֮ʵϣҲˡ
ˣһӰ̨֮˷׷̤սַ̨ߣһǣ͸׿ȺʣӴǣȡǳһţΪǱϵɡ
෴ʱǳһˣһɫѿһϰܣʹǳó׵ףһʣ˵Ǽûһʤģǳŵһ˼ǣҲַС
ߣĺһ漴ȥϵɫҪѿжѿǳƹߣУǳ䵽ֵزǶļ̤
ŵһɫַ㣬ղǺַ˵ɫ˿Ѿ漴ǹһĨĮЦ»Ǹˣ㼸棬ȴ˿ãˣȻ˴ʤˣҪˣһ磬ǲŸոտʼѣһʤô
ַ㿴˵õ֮첻ɵ¶һĨȤɫղ˻ͿĶ˵ΪǺս̨֮ϣŵˣҲǿи棬Ȼһߣͼǵսǽ˵ͱˣгŲζ
ε㲻ϣ֮Ժǳһս˭˭Ƕ˵Ҳ壬˵̨ʼλһ磬Ҳ꣬㲻Ǽ̤ǳˡַĻӦ˵ʹöԷüͷһ㻹Ҫ̤˭
֮ڣֵ̨ܣ̤ս̨Ȼһս̨Ǳذսַ̨㵭Цʹͫ׶΢΢£ַĻսô
ôĿŵȺ׷̤ǰȥʱһϢţǿµϢ˳ȥѹַϣʹ̨֮һ¶ŭ֮ɫ
ǳҲôţ񻹲Ǻɥ֮Ȯһ̨˵һ֮ҲǳŽ֮ܡ
֪һ䣬ֻ͵һʱ¡¡Ĺ촫ֻ̨ܣȻһؿռ䣬̨С
̨ɫһ䣬ŭһȭâƿգɱȥؿռ䶯Ȼȴδѣ˿͵һʱؿռ䱬ѵȴЦſڣСһλʺλʵĲɲеô򵥣ĪΡ
֮꣬ڣǱذս̨һλսԼϣλܹǵáַ͸һĨƽ֮⣬ʹ˵֮ͫһŵ˸Ƕַ㣬꣬սţڳ˵
һסĻΪ֮˵ĮһЦͫ׶ַ㣬ֱ꣬췽ҹ̷ʱм̤λʾ绹֪أ
㵱ȻҪסʱ䣬ַԼޣ̨ޣҪ̨ݵʱ𣬶ţǵĶнҪɨƽһɽ֮󣬱ţ̨ŵԣ


1801 ɱ
̨뼧ǳһսսѧԺսѧԺ֮УѾûзעĿȺսˣһսĽ֣ͬĲ
̨ԾշѹԵսʤǳ֮ˣһս̨Ǳ˰񣬺֡ա̨ǡڡһ֣Ǳǰϯλжȥ˶ڸпΪ̨֮˾㶼˵츳׿
Ȼ𺳵սַͼǵһսַ̨㣬սʤǱ˰һļǣ׵ܣķǱ˰֮ϣߵһλãѾǰռһ֮õļǣַ㣬ȡ֮ս֮ʱŵԣǱһλãȷŲŲλеڶϯλ
һսӦǣսѧԺУλһȦӵУ̨񣬾вĽҪ̨Ͼ̨֮˵ս˶Ŀá
ǡǡ෴ǳţԵøĳţ·һӶû㣬Ϊһս֮£౾ַʥ˶ʱ뷨ַǿƵǱ˰һϯλλ֮ǲˣλʺλʼҪǿʵѹַ㣬ҲҪ˼ַӰ
ֻҪǱףܵѧԺһЩעģע֮ϣⰵأսѧԺ
ʱɽɽУŵͬ˰ľҲһԱߵĹɽпޡ
⣬һӰֻ̤յУļ΢΢¶һĨ֮ɫ漴嶯£ľߡ
档ľ΢΢ͷ
ôˣָָ·еļǡ
ľɫһЩݣվǿڵ棬սˡ
Ŷ¶ɫ漴ʵСӻ˼ǣ
ǵġľɫÿɵ˵ͷ
΢΢ףƽĺܣڵһʧҲǻ£úɡ
뿪֮󣬰ҡͷСӹȻ缧䣬ЩСҲöܣҪǣÿԺǱֳǱˡ
һߣַĸ̨ۡΪ֣æòֺԵĴ󺦳Ц棬㿴ѾʮҪ̨ˣҶǼµʱ俼ڣپòǼ̨š
ٺ١󺦳⻰һЦ̨أѧԺУǶоĳ
ַ𣿡ڴʱһ΢΢̧ͷ漴һ۾΢Цţ˫ַӵС
ַʲôӦ
ȻЩ¡
˵ôоЩ⡣ǰ˵ԭ⵽֮ˣȻǾǱ˰İ֮ϣӵڶϯλ˵ϯλ
ôᣬַʵҲҲûءЦµ˵ʱ̧ͷһüַɵÿڵء
ңַսߣƺġ
ġǰһַ΢΢ͷ
ãɡַ㵹ûоܾսѧԺҲвųǱ˰ϴɱһˣҲԷ֪кҪ
ַž˸ۡԺУָԺеӵ
ҲֱȻ˫ûó·ˡ
̿;Һ£ַһ
̨š¶һĨ΢Цʹַ¶һĨ֮ɫʵΪΣ
ҶǱ˰ս̨Ϸս˶ҪȤһЩˣҿܶս̨ĲˣһսҷǶˡЦ˵
Ƕв̵ʱṳ̂Ϲս̨ˣʵȻˣܳΪսѧԺַ֮Ӧ˵
Ȼȴ΢΢ҡͷڵûע⣬Ҿ˳Ϊ˿̣ɲΪ֣ͬΪһ˫۾Ҹҿ϶ս̨һս̨֮ˣʥ
ַ˻ͫ΢΢£⾣ûԣ˫۾ܶ̿;鴫
ֵ̨ܣҾ㣬ú֮ȫʥɾǳν۾΢΢ЦŵѹܴһСһ·ĵز
˵ղַԾĻô˿̱ԳΪˣ;ǲûйӴΪ֪ԼһС
˵ǻأ͸üġδַ𾪣΢Ц˵·ں˵㣬ַĿⶢžǰļһԽԽˡ
Ǻˣַʵ
̿ͣվȻ䣬һɿֲɱַ֮㣬·ַÿһë͸ȥʹַ㶸Ȼվһ֮ϢţĿⶢǰ֮ˡ
ģҲµģϢѵоЩϤô΢Ц˵ַɱͷĿⶢž
ȷֶеɱ֮ϤںܾǰܹЩء
ôҵһμʱҲַ֪㣬ֱֺճ֣һ𴴽̨Ҳ֪ԭǰЩҪɱˣȻʥݵսѧԺվͬһƬϡ
ƽЦȻַȴ챤ˣ
ǧҪᣬ߱ͬ˵ɱ֣ɲһ챤ˣҵֻǱ챤һʱѡ΢Ц˵һɱδ뿪챤ʵ⡣
һɱַɫ˸ϱɱǺմɱһЩɱּΪƣεĴɱָо񶼻ǵãսѧԺ˰ڶľȻδĵһɱ
߱ͬɱСˣʵһʤ̭һɱ͵ڶɱȽٳ棬Ϊһ֣ǱʵҲҪɱˣǣбɱ֮ˣƺ滹˱ɱ֮СЦʹַΪ죬Ϊȴʼûеһɱ͵ڶɱΪһɱǵڶɱǺˣ
ɱʵ֪໥˭˭ᾭ䶯ֵʱɱҪʱ㲻ǣǵڶɱҵǵȷ֪ǺˡӦ˵
ϵ𣿡ַʵ
ӦʶģɱзǳҪһԱȻ˵Ҳ챤Ϊƺ챤ˡµĿڵʹַ˲ǰ֮¡
˭
֣ƺʰѩЦ˵ʹַͫ׶Ȼ£ʰѩǵڶɱ
ôĻǱ㲻ǵڶɱˣ֪ݵˣûмɢ˵ַ˼ȴ΢һƲ


1802 ľ
һЩ⣬ʰѩԼҲ⵽߱ͬ˵ĴɱЩɥ˿ѵαװҸῼǵϡַƬ̣漴ڣȴһЦ˭˵ڶɱһҪʵǿҲһЩɥҲ˵
ַ̧ͷ漴Ҳ¶һĨЦ⣬Ҳ˵ɱ˭Ѿ޹ؽҪҪԸĵ챤ҩɹǡ
Ϊɱһɱȴ̨кιϵƾʲǫַ̂ͬЦžʵ
ɱڶɱ䲻һʵǿɱ֮׵ңȴɱ֮ɱ֮ˣȻҪ׳̨ѵȱһֻҪҵõʥͬЩֵһٴεõɱ䣬ȵ̨׳֮ʱܹΪ̨һ̿á
˫ַӵУЦ˵ʹַ΢漴Цô֪ûģ
һ̨λֵܣģ̨֮ⲻһôûܹɱҡƽ˵ţַ̨ʥַ֮Ӧġ
ȻĻַ¶һĨЦ⣬ɡ
΢΢ͷ漴ַֻЮʥ뾣Դ֮У֮󣬿ַƽĵһֵ̨ܣģ̨֮
һֵ̨ܡַͬʱվһЦ漴һȥ
źַ㲢߳ľ¶һĨ֮ɫ֪⾣ַ˵ʲôƺһ±
ӽԺҲ̨֮ˣḨһ̨ˡַ΢Ц˵ʹӵĺ΢Цŵľ
ɱ֮ףôɱǱ˰Ҳռ֮ϯɼʵǷʥٶɱ䣬˫۹⣬ȻܹóʲôóɱһɣһǿĴɱÿڣԵ˵вġ
ַ뿪ߣҵ˺ֺ̨ǵˣַֻź˵ʦ̨֣սѧԺҲǽ죬ŵЩԹҲ鷳һ뿪գֵ̨ܺúһʵ⣬þ̨һˣڣҿ̨Ӧûʲôˡ
̨΢΢˵ͷ⾣һֱΪأҿɼʵǷ̨ҲǺ¡
Ҳôģ˵⾣ǵҲЩԨԴɱ֮סַʹú¶ɫȻɱˡ
ַ㣬׼ȥģһԵַ̨˵Ҫ뿪գɵһ
йأ̨ȥһĲ䣬Щ㲿еǰַ̨˵Щ飬ôˡ
ȥҲ䣿̨¶һĨɫЩֵĿַ㡣
߰ɣλǰأҲ֪ԭȥ㲿ǰַ̨˵漴ȥ
ѧԺַ̨һŷʥ֮ķ򼲳ַۣǳնľ͸ĹŷûŷĻ·ʵ̫ˣҪൢ̫ʱ䡣
֮أ̨ڵĹϲ䣬ôԭʼ·ͬԶʱ˰㣬ԵúۣЩΪʵ̫ˣʵʥݵΧ˽һ䣬˭׽֮ӵ
үӡ֮У̨ǰ˺һʹǻعͷų̆Сôˣǲִˡ
ٺ٣οûүӿҵΪǫ̂һЦ漴žӿһɿµ׺֮ʨ
һĻʹЩ˶һգգĶ̨̨үһЦСӣô£Сء
ϻͷҲ̨֡ͬ㣬ЦȻҲֵַĹͣүӣַ㣬ʲôɶ׼ܾȻҸûꡣ
ĶͷӶ̨һ漴ַСһ˵˵
ǰʶһλǰˣΪأ֪ûⲿûʲôҩܹơַ΢΢Ƿǳ˵̨ǼһûûΣڻҪģⲿҩ콣ǰƲ֪ûа취
ҲˣᣬҪſɶ֢Σҩѭ򽥽˶ַ㻺˵Ҳ׼ˣҩơ
ַ˵Ļü콣֪ڲڽ󣬼㻹ڣҲ֪ǰǷǧʥ֮ء
ǰ𣿡ַЩģʵ
ַĻֻ΢£ƺ˼Ƭ̣漴˵ͷܵõľеľκη֮ˡ
үӣ㿪ʲôЦȥľľػⲻַȥǫ̂ŭĿԲ˵
û˵һȥҡͷӵɻ̨һۡ
ǰľǺַʵľ֪鱨Ϣ֮Уһֱ֮ļأ˵һĲ壬ƺͬһ磬ػľַֻ㲢δľϢľƺָľ
ľӻط֮˵ڳ۾֮ʱľ˵ǰشܵطľʹڵõ޸κơүӶַһ漴ֵȻľľػǵʥ֮죬ΪľĴڣľеĴǿǲ٣ʵ£ûԸһ䣬ԣ㻹ǲҪľΪá
һϵ岿䡣ַаݣֵȥľͣûɣ
ǵû⣬ľȺ͹Žһֹ֮˺Ӵģʵ½ѧԺľеӣֻǲ˵ѡͷ΢Ц˵
ͷӣְ취еַûУ̨ʵɲַһȥľ⣬ʥ֮أҪõľܶ³ôã취̫Σˡ
ûУҪôҪôľȻҩ͸̸ˡͷӵ˵ҩ֪жǳ˵Ρ
ַ㣬ҿ㻹ǴɣֻҪƲ̫أҲ仹а취ġ
סַ΢΢ͷѾ˼ƽϣ̨̨ұ뿪ˡ
ַ̨Ļʱһۣһﻹȥ
Ҹһȥ̨˵ʹַüͷ΢΢£漴ֻͷӵ߰߰ɣôڣעⰲȫǡ


1803 ľ
˵ϼһǲ̨Լһ𣬵ַ̨лʥݣľеϢĿɷͬСɣһǿ磬һȥһ⣬ûа취õľǿԵõĻ;ַ̨㲻ðա
أľλڴɽУɽλʥ֮أʥһңԶ֮롣
պ󣬻ߴɽУһŷյйʱַŷ֮ϣڻߴɽйС
ɽȻͬеǰַ̡ĿһɨΧ죬ľãɽûʲô
ַĿɨãã޾Ĵɽ૵ɽ޾ľȼѰãҪãɽҵľȵ֮Ҳס
뵽ַʱһȻ䣬յгַӰ
һַӰͬʱӡȻг־ŵַ֮ӰЩӰȴ΢΢ԵЩãƮΣ·ͬʱɢ
ϢԽԽַӰ֣漴ַֻһʱַӰ˷ȥȫ̤ɽС
ַ㱾𣬴˿̾ڵ֮ϣ˲˯֮С
һȻһΪֻǸ޷ȫ뱾ƿأվڱȽ⻯ַ֮аЩûǧûսķѣ˿̵ǡó
ǧӿɽУַŷãɽ߶ģֻʱһ߷һϿȵϿ֮أĿ΢΢˸£Ͽ¿գ漴΢һ߷У뵽Ͽȵ׶ˣַ㷢ǰȻ··ɽµ硣
ʱ߷ǰУɽµǰߣƬռ䣬һǳأӰԾڴ˵أղţַķǸ˼ҵġ
ڴɽңԶ֮أַıȻ漴ι˸ֱ߶ȵַϿϿ֮ʱֻǧȻûΪһַٶֻһַӰˣͬʵַ㡣
ַ㿴һԼĻ漴ŲϿ¿նȥʱͨϿȵ׶˵磬ǳأǳ˻Ծ޷ĳǳȣôܼ˵ʵȴǱѰңֵˣǽ֮أ֮Ϊľ
£ľνףַһǰʵֻϰڷųѪ֮ɫĺľоŵķ֮
һƷŻʾһľϰַ㿪˵
ƷŻʾַ΢Щ죬ľ
ľϰĿַһۣЦŵǵһľɡ
ȷַ΢Цŵͷ
ľ࣬һҲƷŻʾļֵľ޿ɹۣЩνľʵ֦ѣȻǵҲ˽λֵҲҪߣľľȿǴӲס
ԭˣҪõľѵһϣûô̵ַ
ľľȹţֻãҪõľǳΪľ֮ˣ˵ʵԸµΪǸܡϰ忪˵ַܹɽҵ⣬ĸв졣
סַ΢Ц£ҪľУӦûɣ
⵹ûж⣬ľÿ¶һǿ֮գ֮ˣҲɽУǰľ˽һЩף˫ӮľҲƹ˺߶ʱ򣬽ǡɱľȿ֮գµиܹľһ⡣
ַ΢΢ͷ˹ɵЦұǰһ̣ҵľм档
¿ˣȻ㿪ڣȻ岻ݴǡϰ΢Ц˵ʣҲǴӵܳܺ͸½УҲ£Ҳǰҳֱǡ
ã֣ҽַ㡣һЩʱ̣ȻϢ˹ľȿ֮ʱѵʱַ˸Сǵľͷͨȿڣ̤һ磬ľȡ
ľУһ޼ʣԲŸɫһУƹйƹܡ
ַ㣬㿴ЩǼ޽ӵľ̺ķϢûôȻľΨйľӵСֶַ㿪˵˿вȺ̤ľȣֻǽ֮ʱ׷׳֮˸ȥ׷ȥѰҪ֮
֣ӦҲǰľɡַһ
΢΢ͷָǰһȺӰЩмʮ֮㶼ʷǷ
Ǳǰľ壬ûһЩɲҵȥľΪƷҪõҪĴҲ󡣡
ߣҲһǰɡַ㿪˵һŲ̤˳ȥʹóͫ΢΢һ֣ȴַȻ̤ɵÿЦһ֪ߵغҲգҶûǰľ߹
һӰǰУַ࣬㷽ŵһų֮Уų֮ǿʢķϢ·ǳض֮סʹַ档
ľˣľȵƿߣҲһʥأУӵָܵȵϢͬɹĳǳأһƾη֮ġ
ߣַŲһ̤Ҫų֮УȻֻʱľ׵̤赲ַǰľ壬롣
ǸղŲҲ𡣡ַָǰ֮˵ӣȴ֮˿ڵľˣڡ
ַ㣬ЩӦóľЩףܽľ嵱Сֶַ㴫˵ǻ߰ɡ
Ǵ˴ǳĽ׶˲ٺöӦҲľ֮Ͱɡַֻ΢ʱǰмǿǣ͸ſֲѹʹɫ΢漴һۣһ˵Ϊ׶һɣһζҪ·С
Ǳ鷳ˡַ㽫漴նУֲĿַһۣ漴Ҳȥа⣬ַбأ
ַľǰУֻоһϢʹи֮̾棬ľ·һطУӦöġ
ַһǰַ㣬ҲڣǶַͶһĨɫ˿ףľ壬Ҳö¡


1804 
ʱֻ淽һӰʱЩ֮˷׷ǰһ΢Ц½ܼң㿴ôô
λǸˣľһЩ˵˿ǰүСλүС㶼ȥˣûʱүСԸˣҲܵ˸λλһɡ½ܼƽﶼǸЩ˴򽻵΢ЦĽһǷǳͿ
ľĽӴеҪһЩϾŽ̨ڵĲ̫ټˡַаһ漴һ˸½ܼһǰС
½ܼƺҲע⵽ַͳֶˣ΢΢˽Ų΢Цŵλĺܣǵһεľɡ
ȷһ˴ֵܴһЩҲľЩסֻһ½ܼҵδ˵ʲôܿ죬ǲһؽݣһ֮أַһȥ඼һЩˣ̸Цڡ
ֹˣսȷʵһʱһλ֮һɫ֮˾ٱ΢Ц˵
䣡ַͫ׶Ȼ΢΢£૵һ꾴֮ˣȻսѧԺһˣ䡣
һ΢ĵδĶ䣬ֻȻתַϣʱַֻоһǿµĴ͸
ǺˣַʵսѧԺ߶һ㶼ĴΪȡܹȻҲϵַ˭
սѧԺַɫ䣬ƽ˵ʱ΢΢ͷսѧԺϵҲ֮£ɿʵΪ
ǰɡַһƷ֮ʹü¶һĨ֮ɫ֮Ҷ޷
ַЦ£δӻǵĿɨϵȺʷǷ˼ˣҲǷ֮ȺӦñľꡣ
ʱֻһλվַЦλҲľˣϯɡ
˵Ҳδھϯĩβ˷ֱַԱߣ˲ֱַۣüһ㾹սѧԺΪˣǼҿ˵ʥսѧԺľţ޷
Σ㿴λ֮ϣȴֻĩλáַϸ˵ʱҲЦ£⻰š
ַЦֻż̸ԭ⼧һЩӣľһһ⣬ʶ˼⣬ҲԶһЩ֮ܳ
ľɳ֪ܷлʶһʱڼ׷һ꿪˵ʹòͷ΢Ǽ˼
ûҲ뿴Ҳ˵һʱǶľһۡ
磬ȻһǼǡľľǧ𣬶Ĵľ濪ڵ
ľ΢΢ͷȻֶˣܾܾλ
ˣǱ߶лľֺľǧˡƽЦ˵Ҳ֮׷վǴһΪʶһΪ˵õľ
λľһʱȺַ̤һ˴඼ԭزΨַվŲ̤Ҳȥ
ֻһλתַ㣬΢Ц˵£ҵȻ֮㡣
ַ㣬Ҳһݡַ׶Է֮壬˿м˿Ⱥӣ˻ᣬܲסҪںεء
ǿͣĪΪѣҲΪѿˡľɿ˵ԵĶţַܹĸоЩľƽͣʼŵĹƸһȣΨԼ֮ʱǲŻƽ֮
ľҲƿһ磬ַ壬ľһȻȴЩʧȻͬΪͣȴΪԴַ㵭Į˵ʹľɫһâȻȴʱľƽڣȻҪĻǱһɡ
ľ˻Įɨַһۣ漴תǰȥȴʼδͷ·вֵһᣬ˷׷׳ַͶһȤĿ⣬ַƺԵЩࡣ
һȥˡֿⲻɵ£ַǼһﵨӵ󣬾µľ꣬ڶײҲҪǰȥ
ʱַȥˣмĽĳɷ֣ϾľЩˣûм
֮ؾ֮һβ̵ľ룬ֻľ֮˴ַһƬãɭ֮УȻƬɭȴľεĿУΪŶһ޶
ַ㵽Ƭ֮ʱܵһǿϢԼɨʹͷ΢Ƭãɭ֮أſֲǿ߰ػţҪɲס
ƬĴڣҲľ΢Ц˵â磬ųӵܹб任λãǿµǿҲһܹõ֣Ƭŵ˺嫣ҪҵҲ򵥡
˵գĽŲȻǰ̤ӰǰУ˲ʧӰ١
ãɭֺ޾ȻƬȴǱľס˵ģֻһڣľ굹ǶԼ˷ǳģǼҵҲֵġ
ַ˷׷̤Ƭ޾֮ضȥַͣԭأֻľɨַһۣȥѰһѰ
ȥַһʱûһַӰι˸˳Ųͬ˳ʹľͫ΢΢£һ⻯
һַʹ⻯ٶǧӰ漴ͬʱƬãɭ֮سǰ˳ʼе̺ʽ
ʱַֻһ޴Ĺ֮ǰ̺ǿʢµķϢַվڹ֮£ݺݵ˿ĿⶢǰĹ·ܹܵķ֮
󣬻δǿʢ֮Ϣǳ֪˶ǿķ򡣡ַվڹµƬãɭ֮أּϡ٣ַ㵽˿ҲֻǼѡ
ŷ֤سɷ֮£ܷ·ɾδɵķַ֮૵漴ߵ֮£ϥв
ַǧÿһֻҪҵǷ죬Զߵ֮ϥ£ûиܵǿҵķ׺


1805 
ǧ⻯սȴӰַķֻɭֹŵأĴַӰ
ַıⲽŵ澰ľ嵹ǿᣬ澹Ȼɾһ磬ľŵȦһ֮Уʹ֮Ϊ˽˲Ʋǿ֮˶ٸǣľȵ⡣
ţʱַ㱾ͣ½ŲĿ⳯һȥֻվһþ޴ǰ˫֣·ֻһ֮⣬Բ֮ؾ·Ϊ֮ڡ
պգΪķ򷨽ڣκطΪΪ
²֪жôƾõ£֪컹Ҫáַ૵֮УȻ·δ㣬Ŀƽͣ㣬ôվ֮¡
ʱֻһƮ֮ƴӼ³
֮أ󷲷֮ˣԻڴ֮ǰЩڵõ֮󣬳Ϊǿߣɻȥ˹Ҽƽɾ͹·һΪҷá
૵ˣԻַĻɫһĨɫ֮֮˽ԻľУ
ң֮ƹ˳ѡһŹ֮硣
Ȼ䣬ƿն𣬷ҡϣ˫ͫ׷·ޱߣԲ֮ƺԱ˫֣ͫ˫ͫе֮Ŀַ֮ʱַ·޾֮·һ˲佫Ҫ٣ɵͷսѧԺ۾֮µһˣһϯλ䣬ϱҫ۹⻷ǿߣʵȻ¡
ڴ˿̣˫֮Уг֮ɫ֣ʱŲ͵̤˳ȥֱǳ֮ضȥ¿գĽŲݺ̤ʱ¡¡Ĺ֮طݣֻһͷͷ·ڴص췭ظ
صУȻһľ磬ֱӳȥ
ߡһʱճ޾֮⽫֮У·ľ
ͣ촫ҪֻȻƿնȥʹüɫһŲ̤סѪľ׷ȥ
ַͫ΢΢£ѵǳѪ֮ɫĺľΪôС
ŷַ֣Ӱͼһ׷ȥӣƺҪǳѪľѵĴԲ׼ȷľƬɭֵǿػȴûֹ䣬ĬǶžţ
ַ׷֮ʱٶֲ̫ˣ·ܹ˲Ϣð㣬ƺֻܿһѪڷٳԶȥ
ȻʱǰգѪ֮ɣҪʹ˵۾¡¡Ĺ촫յУ˵Ŀ׷׳Ǳȥ
ַͫ£ֻѪľȻΪһѪӴޱȣ·ɳ㣬ݺݵ֮УʱԲǧȫµķϢ֣ǿʢ
ʱŵصһŷ֮ϣֻһλ߶ȻԶȥĿ֮⣬·͸ޣһ֮ϡ
֮ܵ˳ô૵˽Ϊľ֮ػΪӵУȴֻػѣľܹӵеģֻЩһȵαĹ֮ˣɳΪ֮
ӵغ壬һǹ֮ܵˣӵӵǣأľȵˣӵͬ޷õ
ʱַѾǰһӴޱȵĹΪ𺳣ֲֿļ֮Ϣλʾ磬ͷʮϵϷҲû֮Ϣɣһ
ʱ֮жȻ併һӴޱ֮ѹ֮ϣһӴӰֻĿ⳯¿ڣľ֮ػضϹأܴ֮ˣӵʱ⣬֮󣬻ͻʹܹС
£ʹйŵ֮˶ܹʱ˲ɵ΢
ľ壬֮ػַһʱоǣһеϢδμأȻΪ˶ľȶ⣬̨˿֪ģ˵ʱŻ̨һǰ￴ˣ̨뿪
ܴ߹֮ˣӵʱ⣬֮Щܴ߹˿¶ѾǿµǿˣϾܵù֮ˣʾףһжôֲĳɳԤϡ
ô˵֮ûйʥֽľƬʥأҲСַаľȲǾΪУǴΪػֻҪܹʸӵˣԿȡ֮ͻŵصܹϾС
еӰʧ˵Ŀȴһֻ˫ֿʱؼһͷͷŭЩΧǴ׳ޱȵϲס漴͵ķʱ¡¡ĿأڲͣĲȻȴֻǲ޷
һƣΰȴ޷֮𡣡˷׷׶Ѫ֮ɫѾƺδõϿɡ
ͬȱ˵ȡ֮૵漴Ųһ̤޴ޱȵĹȥ漴ϥڹ֮£һƷ֮
ϵ򡣡ַĿⶢż䣬ֻϷ֮ƣжϵҪ֮
ֻ󣬹âҫĿ֮ɣһͼڸǣһγֵǾͷƣݣ֮ռչֶͼڲ֪ǿ˶ٱ
Ȼ䣬ڼһ֮Ӱ֣ȻԼΪԭͳֵͬһ㣬ڹ֮ϣ·Ҫ֤ɾߣͼ֮Ͽɣ


1806 ľ
ӦѪ֮ɫĹתݣֲķϢ򷨣ȺܹǹһǧѪľ֯ɳѪľǱ࣬еĳѪľ·޾ѪעɣܹγѪ
ľҲͬȱ֮ˣǽ۵ɾ͵Ҽˣľ꣬ճɾͣĲȱ建ǰƮҫĿâԣںľ
Ȼ֮ԣľѪ֮ʢܹ֮
ʱֻΧһƬأãȺֻ֮£һӰ֣ӰƮƮͬŵ۰㣬ɢȻ䣬ֻǿ֮гһ֮𣬻򰵣ֻ³һʱһλзɳʼ仯һҫĿޱȵ⣬ǰɽȥ
֮⣬ֻ֮棬£ʱƬɽһƬĻɽͬبŰĴڡ
俴һһַҲ΢΢£ÿֲָһӼ䣬㣬һƬɽ
֮֮·ԻɾԼ֮ɾ;ڹˣûľǿʢɹɢӵз֮ģǿ֮־ģʱþʧǹ֮ӰҲʧӰ
ľԼַ΢Щ𾪣⼧䣬ȷʵ֮ǿ֮ļޱȣܳɾ;ǿ·֮ˣֻ츳ԶԶûм͵ĺͲ֮⣬һҪΪƽӹ
¡¡Ĺ촫Ҫεض𣬳Ѫ֮죬Ȼ仯һѪľʹ˵ͫ׾㶼΢΢һľһϿ˼ô
Χ֮Ϊ𾪣û뵽˴μǰľһУ潫õľ
ŵأŷ֮ϣĿ⴩͸˿ռ䣬ߵһĻи̾һѾʮڵȡľ֮ˣһľһ޷棬֪֮Уֶֹ
ľȣռ֮ɭһأ˼ʣҲйٴζȻľȴɳ棬ûܵɱԭľֻǴػľľˣ֮ʣһ޷õľϿɣˣҲĬľȵĴڣ֣ǰľһԡ
ľڼͷϿգǳ֮ɫͬǧѪ۶ɣʱֻľ֮УһѪ漴żͷȥֱ뼧ڣ̼䣬һѪӶϵķ֮ʢҫĿޱߣɺâ·Ҫب㡣
İ꣬㽫̤𡣡䰺ףȻ˵ʱѪľһХֱ֮뵽嵱УӴ˸漧ҡ
õϿˡ΢£漴ЩӰ׷ǰһ΢Ц˵ϲ֣ľϿɣرӣس·
֮ɣ۷ľ֮ʱָտɴ
֮ɫȴޱƽ·ڸһ˿Ժ֮иһξ󣬺Ȼɷ֮ʱӰ
ɣţδܺͬսѧԺ֮ʱΪȥңΪµĶ֡âޱߣҪ档
֮Ϣֻ֮ϵĲٶȸ֡
䡣ߺһʱ̧ͷǰкηԸ
ʱ⣬ǵð֮ͻأϽ֮Ե⣬ֻаٵξѪÿһζǴʧصŵأҪʱⷽɻָǵĪ׶á
߶żһ΢΢ͷڵ֮ڣؽľͻС
Ӱ΢΢ͷģܵõľϿ֮ˣʱ⣬дɾͣ־ԶǱѰ̰ͼľ
ˣľľ棬λ˳ŵء߻ڣʹɫ΢¡
ǰַ㽫֮ʱַ㶸Ȼ亰һʹеӰַ㣬¶һĨɫ£
ѵľһδһԣǰҵȻᡣַе߿˵ʹ¶һĨɫ
󷲵ŵѰľ֮ˣԶλ֮緽ˣҲλ۷֮ɣ俴ֻ֮Ȼҹ֮ӦѵǻλŶԣطΪҿΪ硣
λַ֮㻺ڣ漴ʮϵţʹɫ΢ܹɼʮϵΪףұᣬһҪһľ֮ˣͶλ۷֮磬ɹϣܡ
ףǰܹһᣬ֮ҡַ˵Ϊǽǡᣬŵض޷̤㣬ЩľеһԼ
޷ܴľ֮컯֮ɭľʮ꣬ڰ֮ȫߣǽʢ˵˵漴Ӱʧ
˿ַɫ΢Щһλʾ磬ҲľʵЩˡ
֣Ȼذɣҵֵܻͼֳһľż΢Ц˵û˼֮£ЯˣҲֻΪȷлõϿɵģҲȷʵˡ
ʢ飬ҲӡЦյľҲΪʱһ˹ȥֻʣ˼ͣƺַһҲҪһܷлõľ
ȥֱַ̤֮˿Ƭ֮ɭУǧͬǧ˫۾
ͬʱַҡϣ֮Уͷ޾֮⣬ǧ˿˿߳Ƭ֮ɭȥźεǿ֮
ַ㱾̤һЩʱֻ̣彵һǰȻǹַĿȴϣԵĴء
ˣַŲȻһ̤ʱһƳŴص͸͸Ƭء
һַŲ̤·Ƭؿѣ˵Ĺ֮ضҡֻһ޴ޱߵĹ·ڵ֮ϣôͣûȥ֮Ũޱȣַ㡣
ǳɾˡַеһ漴ϣһ֮硣
֮ܵأʱǹȻҵĲ¡¡Ĺ첻ֻһľȻƿȥ磬ͬһ֮⡣
ţַĿ΢ľܵԼ֮Ȼ·ǳųһֱӾͷٵӶݣ


1807 ˭˲ʶ
ַ˹ŷ׷ȥ磬ͬʱ֮ʱ׼ȥֻҪ뿿죬ҲҪյַϿɣ˵
ȻַûԤϵǣ֮ų⣬֮ܵɶݶӡ
ŷٶȿֲȻ޷׷ǻѪľľ޳ȥ磬ռ䣬ʱ硢ʱգΪ֮ڣ·򷨣Ī⣬ַоΪΡ
ңַǰ׷֮ʱûз֣¿յ·𶼱üžµķ֮ջأƽ
ţ
ʱŷ֮ϵ˸֮ܵɭ쾰󣬲ɵ¶һĨɫô¡
Ȼ޷Ͽ૵漴ַλʵľҪõϿɣǸܵģľȴδ
ַɫΪƣǰϿ񱼵ľǺԼԵˣ֪ܷŪһЩƷ뿪ַ㿴ϣǲľȴ֮ػ֮ɭܹõϿɵԿɽľȡߣ֮ɭľͱȻľˣľƾʲôػΪ¡
ַ˼֮ʱȻ䣬һɿֲϢӵ漴ضѹֵĹһʹַͫ׶Ȼ΢΢¡
ַŲͣĿعͷղԼ֮أֻĴڹ·йҪ
ˣַһʱŷתǲ֮ضȥ¡¡ĿֲƬأֲͬĵȥҪ֮ɭ
ڴʱֲķַĸܵķУһɷƺͻѹķַ򣬺Ȼħַ㵱Ȼİ
䣡һޱӴĹ׳˴أַǰµĹȼյӵĹϣӵӴͬľ֮㣬͸ޱ֮Ϣ·ΨңҪ
ǡַɫӲȻһ磬ӹŷߵ˹֮ǰŹûų෴һɺ׽֮Ϣ·ΪС
ŷ֮ϣͫٶ͵ſ漴¡¡Ĺַ֮ϿգϵӰٶȳǣĿĶ
ôܡ³һôϡǵãԴӱ˵õͻأӴˣδ֮ˣŹ֮ˣκ˶޷õǧĴڣҪΪУǣûٳɹ
һǱ֮ˡ
գȻˣַǰ
ʲôȻŹѵܵõϿɲɣõӰĿⶢַ㣬ľδȣȻ˿̣ȴˣַߵҲᾪȣͬ˿ĳӿΪ̫Źǰʧܡ
ַĿƽĿûǿϢţҲûмǰҫ۵Ĺ⻷ֻǺĿš
ܷ񿴿һˡַƽڣʱлֻ֣ڹ£һӰڣ˫֣ȻΪ

ַͫõӰһΣھħ۵С֮УȻ֮ʱҲ˵Ĵ˵һγԼǰ·ԼŲ֮Ե
ˣħʣС磬ΪδɻʶնʵĴ˵ǧ˳Ϊǧŵһˣǧħʣ
ַҲпħһУСֻ£Ҫδɻʶնʣֲ̫ˣ˲ǰ޹ˡ
ڴʱֻħƶȻȥʱһڵּ֮У·بŶ棬ӡֱ뵽档
Īǰ·֪˭˲ʶ
һּ֮Уʹַ͵£Īǰ·֪˭˲ʶεؽ󡢺εǡ
Ƭ¡̫Ƭ£̫㣻½ܿܿм˭˲ʶ
еҲͷ˾֮ˣػ֮ɭѾǧʱ֮ãź֮࣬Щ㶼Ƿ֮ˣвѾȻ֮ǣǧź
ּɡַ㻺ǰߵǰһΣδַֻ֣ܿǴ׳Ĺǿŵּب档
Īǰ·֪˭˲ʶ
Źַּ建ˣ漴ƽȻ΢΢һЦҰ꣬Ҳû㣬֮Ϊ
֮Ϊеͷ΢΢һĿⶢַ㡣
ַͼȻͬϹ⻷ҫۣƹ٣ĳ·ַ㣬ϢƽͣЦ⣬³ȴǣ꣬Ϊ
ΨһͬǣţǿޱȵţǾԼ·һжȻ
ݣԥ˼¡¡Ŀ֮ڣž޴ޱȵεض𣬶Ȼſֲ⻪һľһľǳѪ֮ɫ֮ɫľһ޶
ǧ޷˿ƵĹҪϿǰôĳֻľƮַͷϿգ漴һκɫַ֮ڣ·ѪҺ漴ľ͵Ĵַ嵱С
ϿˡͫĿⶢ¿յ꣬һصʱһǧ꣬ٶϿˡ
ַҲ¶һĨƽ͵Ц⣬ɹˣõľ콣ǰƱȻˣԼҲõĪĺô
ꡣ֮У£ַ̧ͷеˣ΢Цǰлˡ
˵ⶼĻԵ컯һжԼ޹ءƽЦ֣
ַ㣬ʥսѧԺַ΢Ц˵
أʵ
һǿߵС磬֮ǰ֪Ĵڣڼ塭ַ΢Ц£˵Ѿףıʲôǿļ塣
С磬֪Ĵڡ૵漴΢Цȥɣ󣬼ǵû
ǰǡַ΢΢Ƿ漴˸ȥ˶ַȥıӰЦսѧԺַ㣬һסµŵԣ֮Ϊ


1808 ׼ȥ
ǰյأɣΪ֣䣬ΪȺ㡣
֣˴εõľϿɣ֮սʥݷգҵȱҪǰȥһַɡľżٱ΢Ц˵
ˣο֮仹΢Ц˵
СŮҲףշľ࣬ٱЦһһ׷ףء
ʱ׵ЩвʥսѧԺ֮Ӽ䣬õľΪؽһˡ
˳ˡֻӰ˸¶Ƿ֮ɫľɲɵ΢Цֿ񡣡
ûУΪҵҵҲ޷ҡǷֺΪһ֮ʱһ԰ɡһ˵˵ľ΢΢ͷҵԸٵ·ˣЯλǰ֮ɭܷлԵõ󡣡
лľ֡΢΢ͷ漴ֻľʵ˻δ
Ŷҵȿ˾ľһҹŷ׷ľȥ²֪׷ȥˡ˻Ӧһʱ˶¶һĨЦ⣬һоڲС
ľ˵ʱǶ¶һĨЦ⣬ǿ;֮ˣַֻδ̫ˣλʾ͸ȡľǴδй֮£ΪԼ˭
ĩ˵ĳɫΪΣַǼһҲǵģŵõľⲻǳ˵𡣡
˵ҡҡͷһ˼̸ò֡
ڴʱһӰʱȺĿ⣬׷׳Ӱȥַǵж¶һĨȤɫһڻǳˡ
ַȺĿ׷׾ۼԼϣˣ˶ſԼЦɣҲ֤ʲô˸ֱַ˳ǰų΢Ц£֣һʹ˱ˡ
ߣ¶һĨɫַһǴ˲ٶ׵ģ˿̾ôҪ뿪뵽ַΪΣҲûϾֻƼˮꡣ
ֵַܣԵټ΢΢ͷ漴΢Ц£漴ˣλǡ
˵գַתһ̤գȥľѾ֣ûıҪˡ
ַԶȥɫ죬ȻǶԣַֻǹͶѣܿ죬㱻ǵôһľ塣
ַŷȥֱӳľȣҲֱֹɽ֮Ͽȣٴλصɽϣַŷһֻ⻯˺һ⻯Ϊַ㲼ģԷ⣬Ȼȴ˳ľػľǰǷǷܹõľ
õַ㲢δ뿪ɽں޾ĴɽҵһصĶ
ʱַϣ·һڹ֣ϵط۶Ũط
ȻʱַȴΪƣõ򷨣ħƿأ͸֮⣬ڲͬȻ䷨ɻ֮ķȴƬķһЩΥ֮С
ͬڣͬԴļӦǻع鱾ԴҲ⣬򷨣ķ򣬴ӱ϶ԣӦûܹͬͬԴԣԽ֮Ѿ֤֮ͨǣΪƬͬ磬ֵַȷͬһƲЭ
ַֻҪУͨڣ
֮Уַ㽫ֶ£ʱһɿֲķϢһķƬ֮У֮ʼƬַƬ磬ϥ£ĸ֮
º󣬹Ŷ֮УǿֲķŨ֮⣬ԶⷽԲ֮˵ĻԶܹܵǿҵķ򲨶
ֻʱһӰӶ̤Ȼַ㣬һʱŷַ֣Ų̤Ϲŷ漴ȥ׼뿪ɽ
ʥ֮أսѧԺ֮У⼸ʱָ̨ͬʱִ̨˲ϽΣ̨˲ͬͬ£κ֮ͬ£̨ȻҪ̨ģ㲻ôˣҪһʱĿˡ
³չֶĲսѧԺĲǿɶʼע⵽ˣңַս̨֮ϣŶ֮Լ˿ɷǳʱ̫ˣ츳Ϊ֮ˣҲֻܴλʵλʣ̨Ҫսʤţ뼯һ硣
ļ֮ǳţϢģװ֪ܶ£ģȥˣǺľ¶棬Լǵӣϴεսܣػͼܹսַ㣬ضǱ˰ϯλȻʱ򣬻Ǹǿ̤Ǳذˡ
˶֪ʵǺַ㣬Ѿ̤ǱذʵȻǱϾûǱذս̨ս
һգսѧԺУӰ磬ֱ̨ۡ
ַ㣬˭ַԵ꣬Ƿɵ΢Щ棬սѧԺ֮Ŷԡ
ڤĪϧַ㿪˵ʹɫһžĪϧ˸£ЦڤӾĪϧ
ҡĪϧ΢ЦŵͷЦݺ㣬崺磬ǳ̹
ַžĪϧʱۡУвӰ˳
Īϧôˡ󺦳濴ĪϧɵЦǰֺҲڣ¶һĨɫ칬ľĪϧҲˡ
ҽĪϧˣʹһ¡ַĿ⿴ֺǣʦ֡ʦ֣ȥһˡ
ȥֺɫ㶼һâ׷׳Ĭ£Ժ˼̨ʵȻǰС粻⣬ǣŴɹ챤˵ڴв̫ǿȻǾλ˵λʾ磬ɲС
ʦ֣ĵ̣ǵطΨһвģֻɽˡַ㿪˵˴ιȥԵһ˳㣬ǵļ԰һ̫ƽ硣
ãȥֵλʦԸЩӵȥʵˣңַ˵Ƭиҹмλʦ˴λعúǻϡ
Ҳͬ⡣΢΢ͷʱַ¶һĨЦ⣺Ȼʦͬ⣬Ǵ̨ѡһЩˣԸǰ߱һȥµ򽻸;ǣ


1809 Ϧ
ַټ̨һ̣ܿ˾֡ԼĪϧӹɣһҪȥģ󺦳Сǣң̨һ
⣬ڣַһȥԶߣ⡾£̨䣬ҪַһˣԶġ
ҲȥȴַϾܾˣӻ̨һЩ˱ȽϺʣλʵľԼݣӦЦԻŻЭḺͬʱѡʺˣȻȫƾԸϾ˸־սѧԺ˽Էͨˣ˲ԸĵҲǼΪ֮¡
ǣ֮˱ʽȷֱΪַ㡢֡աĪϧڡ̨Լˡ
ַ֮Ƭʱ䣬ϾǶԣʱȣҪʱⳬԽţһ񣬷ǳޣ̨һ붼Ҫһ󾳽磬սҪλ֮ʱǿơ
ңҲû鷳¶װԴɣŵҲװ׶ȹ
սѧԺһ˳ַĹŷǰУֱӳԶȥ
֮Уң·زãŷ֮ϣоŵӰַӰһΪһΪ⻯
ʱַ⻯ԦŷŹŷĹǰУַı·˯˰㣬˴֮Լ֮и˷Ƭʱ䣬ҲûţԱĿֻ˵ʱŻ۾ǰƬɽӡ硣
ǵ˶ԣʥȫһ磬Ƭͬ˼ʲôϸ֮ʮ֮ǵǰԵøСȻܱߵƬԣȴǶеĽ
ǷԲʮơǿĵΧĴǵĴС֮ˣ·϶ܹ߰ͷ­ͦš
ǱľҵˣѾȡ׼ңΪǿǵļ嵱Уڶܳ꣬ľѩ
Ѿ̤ʾľѩѾΪĵĵӣâҫۣΪյһλΪµӣ˵λΪǿЩţۼǿߣҪĺһʦ棬ƺ֮֮Ŷ
µǾǺŵģľѩõΪµӣϢܲХĺ䶯ղôľѩľң˵õô׷׺ǽύľҲѾľѩľ׹ﻹǵôԴľѩľ׵ġ
ľӰҲ˸õĹޣľҺͶ˾˾ұľѩκľѩûǲ˼ɣ˾ϺľӰӴ˼㺣ǣľӰյĴ֮һ˾ϣҲദǢ
ʱ˾ϺľӰ̨ǰһⳡȻܺ͵ַ㡢׷ԵǳģᲢۣҲѡ˲ŵһαΪӣĵ˾֡
Ӱ˴Ҳ㿴ﾹѾƳ˻̤һʦУΪѵáʱ˾ָƶˣ̨΢Ц˵
ȷǳǺ͵ǼԵòԶˡľӰ΢΢һЦȻǵüǰǳһУǼ˵ת۵㣬ԼյһЩ֪԰ΪЦǻ쵰һôȻʲô˵Լǽһɫ֮ͽˣˡ
ľӰҲףַ㣬ýʲôҪ֤κζ
˾Ҳһεͬ£̾˿׷Ҳһ츳׿ƳĻԼѹȺۣùھϯλ֮ʾ磬Ϊѵãϧ˸ַ㣬ǿƵ̬ȡĹھʵնʣҡ޳졢綼һɾַ֪ͣôˡ
ԭֹźáľӰЦǼһ̫ɶˣַ¼ǿСС֪
ľӰ֪ΧȺ֮УַȻڣȻҲľӰ˾ϣ˾ߵһ飬ַΪ죬ҲĬĬףȻľӰնЩ̱ҲֻǴСƢʲ
Ҳ棬ƿ֮⣬Ҫ̫ˡ̨֮˵ַ㣬ôǷ
ҲμӹһǴĹھַ΢Ц£ʹ̨۾£Цŵһʲôʱһ
ͨĻҲûʲôãڵ۱ҪĻȥЩӵܰɡַЦƵ˵
ַ㣬˵Ҫȥѣɡַַ΢΢ͷûҴӦһλѻ˴·ǣ֮ܲԼ
ӰҸˡ˾΢Цˣվ
ͬʱľӰĶĤ˲ôоǹַ֮֡
վľӰĿ⻺ת˫Ⱥ漴ĳ۵ķ򣬿˻켣ȺеһӰ̲ס΢΢¡

ַ㣡
˾˴˴ǰϯλǽлУȺʱһ֮ȻľӰȴ·û㣬һֱǵӰȻ亰ַ㡣
ַ㣿˾üͷһ漴תǵϤӰͫ͵£ַ㡣
̨µ˲˾ϺľӰķӦ漴Ϥİַ֣㡣
ַ㣬ںַ㣿ͻȻͫ͵£漴˳˾ϺľӰĿķȥɵɫ΢£ֻ˵Ӱͬʱ̤
ˣʷǷϳž⿴һۣ·ܹоǵǿһ˻ôۣȻַͬʱһʱε޷Ρ
þòַ΢Ц£ʱͫ΢΢£˾ַôգǵַ㡣
þò˾ϻӦһЦľӰ΢£漴ַһַۣ㣬һﾹء
ַ£漴Ц£ѾͷǺء
⣬мַ֮˸ֱ̤С
Ȼţѵ֪ѩǶȥ㡣ľӰ˵ʹͷһݣԹȻģľѩһֱǶַ㺵ģԴǴ󲻾ãַ㲻֪ˡ
ַ㣬ѹһҪˡ̨·ʲô㣬ˬЦʹַ¶һ֮⣬ֺնԼʦܣһŮԵһֱܺء
𣿡ľӰַ㣬һѵǵѩ㣬ƺһλŮľӰŮʿ飬ڶԷǰƾòɸоԼЩѷɫɵһĨĸоŮӱѩ˿
Ƭֻ̣һӰ̤˳Ϊһ˼ֵһɲǣ˵඼ݺݵ£ΪʦʦϽʦݣͷȴ˵ĺ棬һλŮӣԱߡ
ŮӦľѩô˵ݣƺҲ֮еĶľۣ
ֶַ֪ˡֻľǰ΢Ц˵ʹȺͫ͵£ľۣƺֶַζַ㣬ʶһλۼԳӭַ㣡


1810 ׷
ľǰַЦǰһľǰˡ
⾳磬עصǷ豹棬磬ع鱾Դûд󳹴ߴĻԵҪɾʥ֮·̫ѣνˡľ΢Ц˵ƽޱȣַΪȻľ۴˿⿴ȥȷΪۼĿֲڣѾз豹֮⾳عҡ
гԾ֪ľۺַʶҲֻ˶ѣľѩֱ֪ղַˣʦͻȻ΢еЩŹ֣Ȼ˿ȴ·𶼻Ȼ
ԭˣ츳˵Ҳ֮ˣǰ˾ϱ㲻ȻȴľΪµӣô˴ˣһֱлЩģʱ·˹
һַ㣬ʦַ죬ַֻʦпܻټΪµӡ
뵽ľѩи˿˿ů⣬ַһַۣ㣬һ꣬㾹Ŷҡ
ⲻ´𡣡ַ΢Ц˵һ꣬ľѩҲѾʾ磬˼ɫˮƺ˼֡
ٺ١̨Ц£ʱַݺݵĵһۣһƽʱԴͦģʱ򷴵ôˡ
ڤڤӾĪϧ繫̫ڣλǰַ㣬Ҳҽܽܡľ΢ЦſַԵˣľ۵Ļʱ֮ܵ඼΢΢£ַߵĶЩʲôﰡڤڤӡ繫̫ݡŽֲ
νַۣЩһߣԼҲճˡ
ľǰˡĪϧ˶Ŷľ΢΢ǷϾǰԵӦе𾴡
ľǰĪϧ㶼ʶҶʦֺԼʦգ̨䣬սѧԺֵܡַһľһâսѧԺˣ
뿪Ŷǰʥݣ̤սѧԺһЩʱˡַ΢Ц˵ľ΢΢ͷãһǴչ֮ʥأ棬˭
֮գлᣬľǰ񡣡ַ㺬Ц˵ʱƽ͵ĶľӶȻһɣַƽЦݣصĵͷãԺںεأעʥݷ֮ˣַ֮ĺұǰ񡣡
Χ֮ľۺ̸ַĳ䲻˵ʲôȴܹоõһϵ飬޷Ӵľ۶ַǳأҲַĳɾͣ޿
Ƕھϯλַ㣬Ϊһǿߡ
аţľӰͣ˸ţһֱַ㣬һΪ侳磬ȴͶľ˶Իɼ쵰һﶨȻΪͺ͵ƭһ
λһɡľЦŶַ˵漴һжȥȻ˴λ棬ȴйһ磬˲СĲַЯһȺֲŹľԳӭ̸漰ʥսѧԺз֪Ǻ⡣
ַͬľһ̤Уһǳ⡣
ַ㣬УʲôҪľ۶ַһַҲȫҪôǰһԡ
ַͷھŴɹ챤򣬻Щδ˽⣬˴λȥ׼˶ϴ¡
ַ㣬һһҪ㡣ʱԱߵһλϽ۴ʦͻȻڵϴַһǰŶʦ
ǰк£ַʵ
ϴǰŶ޼׷ɱ޼Ѱ߳Ĵɲ򵥣Ƕӡǣ޼Ҳֻ飬֣Һ׷֪»ǣ˽ɽǷŸ޼Ϣ޼˴ǰ׷ɱ㡣
ϽʦַΪһλʦֵڽɽ֮Уҵǰɽһɽɲȥˡ
ɽַĿһɫɽΪҪ
뽣ɽ֮޳ԹΨһϵֻˣһаһΪ콣ʡ
аΪɽӣȻܣôѵ콣ʣ
ɽڶǰ콣йһսΪζս꣬ѵɽ콣֮Уǵ֪Լ콣ʵĹϵ⿴ЩܣȴǽɽԸΨһˣϾǰɽ֮ʱɽ˶Ϊġ
ҵʦаû£ַϽʦʵ
⵹û˵ҿϢ뿪ʦаҲ׷Լ֮·ȥˡϽʦӦ
Ǳáַüͷ΢΢ţֻľۿڵַ㣬ҪҴǰɽһˣ
ַ㣬ɽвٶĿǳֵϢºܿᴫ뽣ɽ֮УʦһҲáľѩ΢ЩĵĵɽϾǵۼʵַ޷ˡ
ãҺͽɽûдĳԹַ˼Ƭҡҡͷ㽣ɽĳ֣ǻ壬ǸŴʵԸҵȣҪɽӴ½
ַȷͽɽԩ޳𣬼ĺ콣ǰйأҲֻǹжѣڣϿǶ뢵ӡǣҳ֣Ҫɽ
ҲãԶˮⲻ˽ʣҲһһӡϣΣ֣ʱֻ֪ľüһĿ֮ʣȻһö֮У漴򽻸ַ㣬£飬ҲС
лǰַ㵹Ҳûоܾľ۵ĺ⣬лиɽڣɽʶʱֹµĻҲҪЩˡ
һһʱ䣬ַһľǰڴˣҲˣ뿪ˡ
ߣľ۵α֮
ľǰսѧԺǿ棬ˣûʱ䵢󡣡ַ㿪˵ľ΢΢ͷսѧԺ֮أȷȣұ㲻ˣԻټ
ʦʱľѩվֹ
ôҪΪʦȥˡľ΢Цŵҵ֮Ѿ㣬һ;Ұɡ
лʦľѩͬСŮ㣬¶һĨЦ⣬ʹľӰɫ΢ľѩѩ㣬㲻ǡ
׼ȥһľѩ΢Ц漴Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ַСһȥһ㲻ỹɾܾ˰ɡ
ַľѩĻʱЦһľ۶ͷˣȷ֪ʲôɾܾľѩ
ãʱҵһǷ֮ʱҪǡַ㿪˵ʱٽľѩͻľɣ


1811 ҹ
ҹ޾ݺύƬϣʱһ֮ϣ֮ݣɳɽʯѣѿ
ֻӴޱȵԳڿսݣͬһɽĿֲÿһβܹʹضĹӰ겻͸ذӵΰ
ڴʱһֻޱȵħƴ޾Ӱ·Ҫֻ죬¡һ죬ӰըѵԵʱɢ
Գɣְˡֻһ֮ħԳЦ֮һԳͬӴޱȣڣȻԳɻ塣
̵ģԳֳֺɫľĵ
ˣԳɣλѾܴˡԳʴԱ˹޴ԳһԵüΪ׳ۣ·ӵһε
ٺ٣һŻȥ챤أôܲԳձ챤ƣҪ
㸸׻С绨ɽϣ֪ôˡԳڵľ޴֮ͫɫͨСͨȻѱڻûȥ
ЩǽСޡսʣһ죬ɱȥ챤ˡԳ޴ͫ˸
ԳɡʱмӰնԳ̧ͷȻǼɵЦղŻ˵ǣþˣôǲ׼ȥˡ
ҲЩˣٴγȥ߶һ£ԾˡսҲŵ˵
ãүӣȥ𣿡ԳɶŴԳһ
ˣȥɡԳҡҡͷѾܴˣ޷ԳȣӵǱԺ飬ÿˡ
ãˡԳɵ˵ǲ˷ʱ䣬ֱӹڿգȻ֮ʱȴԶпֲ쵽˼ĵز
ô£ÿ졣Գɵ˶Զͫ׾㶼£ûмƶܿ죬ԽԽһҹŷڹŷ֮ϣӰӰ
Ȼ䣬Գ˫޴ͫţڹŷϵӰ
ַ㡣
к֡աĪϧǣ
ҲֻʱŷٶȽ仺ӰҲԽŷŵһӰֻоĳӿڣŷͣǵǰϤӰվƮƮ׿
ʦ֡ʦַ֡ʦܡ˷׷׿ڣЩһˡ
ޡսǰȥһϺݺݵĴһȭҲߣɵɵЦţôֺ꣬λʦֵؾˡ
ʦ֡˿ź֣ʦַɸʤ
ַں¶һĨõЦ⣬ˣ̨һʮһӣѾˣټаѾˣˣԼʦǡ
̨һؾۡҲ΢Ц˵
ַ㣬Уֽʦֺʦҵˡǿַ΢Цվַ㽫Ǵ챤оȳ
Һʦʥżģ˴λǣ׼ȥʦԸ̨ʥؾַۡЦ˵
ַ˵ĶԣʥݣѾؽ̨ң˴λǴڰ˻ģŴɹ챤򣬸һĹءֿ˵͸һĨŴɹ챤ƿСˣƴС߳С統־棬øıˡ
üͷ΢΢£ʦ֣˵˲ʵȻŴɹ챤ÿһλ򣬼λǶѶԸ˴λȥ
˵ûм˵ȥڵݣҹæ޷Ŵɹ챤ɡ
İɣвٺö΢Ц˵΢΢ͷȻô˵ˣȻеģҲڴܹɱȥ
ߣȥҹϿǰǣֱǰŴɹ챤ɡʱַ㿪˵ҹЩԼĳǣȻҪȥһҲ̫ˡ
߶ءս˵ʹַ۾֪ôˡ
ħԳߡַ¿յĴħԳһֻħԳƿգַǰӴ͸ſֲѹ
ôҪҪԡħԳַЦַǾĵϺд裬ԼĹ
һֱ۸ɲСַЦ˵ʱħԳž޴۾Ǵ󣬹ԡ
˵գħԳˣַ¶ƵĿ⡣
ַһĨ΢Ц漴嶸Ȼ䳯ǰͬǰУ֮յٶȸӿࡣ
ħԳŲһ̤һŭضݣƱɫħ죬һȰľ޴͵ĳǰ˳ȥ̺ѹ
ַȭâƿգûκεܣȭֱӺͶԷײһһɿµ͸ħԳֻоֱ۶Ҫѿ͵ĺˣǾ޴ͫĶַ㡣
Ρַվԭز΢Ц˵һĻʹ˵ͫ붼һַһﾹȻʹħԳƴʤˡ
Сӽ̫ˡħԳҡҡԴΪƣҪúˡ
˵գħԳ¿նȥ
ַ㿴ħԳȥ΢΢һЦҲûȥһƿնȥʱҹϡ
ַ廹δ٣һɹȵֻһϯ۹һ˸Ǻ˲佫ַ嶼ʹַ͵ĳǰɳ漴һŮӵϡ
ַܵܣ㻹֪Ұ½εεĿ˵ʹַŮɻһû䡣
½㣬ôֵڣҰɡַ˵¿һǰһӰɵЦСӣݿλ绨Ѿͷѹֶ벻ˡ
ĸҡַЦĳʵݹȵɫʰ˺һۣôɡ
ҪܡƲɻǷſַ㡣
λ壬ðɡַǿʺһ˵ͷĿзâַ㣬ôɡ
׼ɽһˣһЩδ顣ַͷ˵
ҪҪҹ棬ϾɽǵۼЩĵĵ
壬ɽĴ۲ҳ棬ˣԼӦַһЦʱͺµжзâ˸ֻ½ЦҲȥ档
ַ㿴ź£Ůʲôء
ģҾȥɢɢģ¡¶ַգգַۣΨпЦŵͷðɡ
ٺ٣ߣȥСˣءºַֽ漴ֱ˸뿪ĿɿڴˣѹַŮñ뺷


1812 ƾոֵĹ
˵СȻָʣַԼȻǿĵģǴżЦݣֻôַ㣬ȴ·˵
㻹ôַҲ֪˵ʲôźãɵ΢Ц³һʹС΢ϾһƺΡ
滹𣿡ʴ˻ַ㣬ЦȻǺǰһô͡
һã㣬᲻еġַʵ
ҡҡͷƽĵᣬҺʦѧϰֲҩҩϾ֮ʱú½Ҳǳ⣬ֻʱ䡣
ҪȥҪز䣬Ҵȥɡַ֪鵥׷ǿ·Ҳûк˼ǰڲﵱŮ˾ʱҲֻҪ˶ѡ
ȥ΢΢̣Իȥ𣿡
Ժû˸ѹɳĮеĲˣŴɹ챤ͳνڡַ΢ЦŵͷȻĿȴԱߵĲݣֻһϵӰдʶȥȥɣǵøЩҾˡ
ʦʵһ䣬ֻ˸˲ϢߣЦŵʶã㰲ȥɣһҹȷȤַܵܣҲչ㡣
µĻ£͵͵Ŀַһۣ漴΢΢ҡҡͷһǻزȥַҲǸ鷳
Ҳãϼһкһ¶˵ʵͷ߽СУ洫¶ֲᣬ󣬺±ַһ뿪·ַ㻹Ҫżȥ㣬ַΪ
ַ㣬ϴ뿪Ĺ죬ߺһλ޼ĴҵȻҹס꣬ǹĵģվûеȵֻ뿪ˡ֮У΢Ц˵ʹַ㰵޼һֱԼǵŶ·;׷ɱҵҹ
Ӱܿ˻һַ˼ϰսԼԳǣֱøǿкôһڡ
Ҫ𣿡ʶַʵ
壬ǰñãұ㲻ˡַ΢Ц˵֮˲Сڣһ˶ñá
ҲգкһǰҲʲô£泾鷳˳֮Լɣһû£ҵǲѵЩνĵӡʵĮ˵ַʼ磬ʴʱ泾ʺʶԼҪ˭̳ĵʲᣬַ㵹治ǵˣϾ곽ԼЩˣȻ֮ˡ
泾ص챤ʰ磬츳ڣ̤ʾ磬Щ̤λʣÿ˶ǳ
壬λ壬ַˡַ˹˹֣Ҳ׷׸ǣһŹȥֻҹ£뿪ɽľŴɹ챤֮ء
֮Уŷ֮ϣʱѾʮ˵ǿˣУλԶǳòŮӣʡľѩԼ£߲֮ͬʹùŷ˸оЩ΢Ǻ»ǲǵĵϷַ㣬ѯַĹϵľѩǲϲҲַ֮ģǵַбĸо
Ůǽ˵ĹϵһַʥսѧԺϢ֪˵ַЦãµҲΪŷϵ˼Ȥʹ˺ܿڵദϾǶΪַĴڶǣһģܶ໥仹̫Ϥ
ʱ꣬ɽ򣬷Աƽƽȣδд·һжɵţÿһǵ˶Լÿһ֮˶Լ֮·
Ŵɹ챤Ҳ⣬ľŴɹ챤ĦϣҲӿڱһжల£Ŵɹ챤˶ף챤챤֮ѾͣϾ챤ȡ챤ȡСƿȨ
ͬʱ챤ҩɹ֮䣬ҲΪַʹ϶Ȼ֪һжַΪ˲ٹϵ֮ɾң治ϣһײδƽϢЩѾɽеɽҲˡ
ʱھŴɹ챤мĻһĽ׽ϣȺϢԵø֡
췲⽻׽ֵ֮ϣմһ佻׺ʯĽ׸߳üͷ΢΢š
ʲôôֱʣȻҪϳɣϳɶʥƵļǿ󣬿Ҳʯ̨󷨣ǣ˴ϳɣҪʲôңɿļ۸񣬿ǲͣĻǸһֲ֡
췲üͷЩ⣬ʲôôֱʡ
һϳϳҲ޵ĺܣʵؼᣬܹʵĹѣŴɹ챤ΨһһǱ챤ƣһǱɹţ˴ֱʣ´ɹ챤˱Ǹ֪ʲôˡ
췲ԵһҲ˵Щ޷⣬ϳɣҪʲôܽ׵õʲôڿš
֪ǣҪЩϳʲô췲漴̧ͷֻǰмϤӰȻԼ衣
ֱǰ췲΢Ц¡
췲ĮɨһۣδԷǽĿϣһĻʹŭ⣬췲쵰
챤ϳҪ⣬ԷûҪϣ췲һ
Уƺϳ⣬ԷҪʯɰǴ迪˵ʹ췲ͷ΢΢£ǼӲޱȵĲϣõģҪʲô
챤ɲʲôˣ췲ٴʵ
ҡҡͷֻ֪ԷҿֲóĽ֮Щ׸ӵ޷ܾһд۰Էﱸ
룬ò̫ãԷҪʲôˡٶȿ˵漴췲΢΢ͷһ
ʵͬ²ܿĻõ֤ʮǱ֪˶ԷҪʲô
Ŵɹ챤ǵĻеһҹ֮䣬һΡ뽨εضƾճ֣һΡ뽨һµĺ嫹Ƚ֯ɣͬһСĳǳذ㣬Ƭһҹ䱻ĨƽûԹԣǵõ˸е⳥
峿˿һСǵ֮ʱֻо࣬ͬ񼣣̫˼ˣ˵֮ӵзûеڶ̶̵һҹ֮䣬һɹԴϳɵϡĴɣ漣֮£ȻȴӲĳǵǰ
ⲢǿӵеС磬Щֵ÷꣬ЩϡпĽĹ


1813 ͵۾
ƾճֵģҹҾڸһ죬𶯣Ҹ֮ʱ㷢ɹۡȺ֮Уֻһ˿˵ļǵҹһĻʱ֮𺳡
ҿ֤ΪұסҵңһЩô°סأұӦˣعͷһ־ˡһ˿˵Ƕ棬ʲô˸ɵģȻʱ˶мɵ̤棬Ͼܹ˴ֱʵʲôǿߣԤϣ˭ȥǡ
ڴʱֻһ˴Ӵ߳ЩֻͨѰ֮ˣʲôǿߣ˿һ޴ޱȵʯ˳мĳȣŹۡȥǾ޴ʯ֮Уż޴ּ
ߣԸ
ܼ򵥵ļ֣޴ʯЩŵֱӷ˳ȵľͷҲ֮أټּУڴʱǿʢĽ͸Ų⾳
ǿ̡Ⱥ˵ֻǵĿ⿴ЩʯȺڵ嫹Ǻˣ
ֻµģڹ˵һɣһŲ֪ǻλعأĪ롣ֻһ˿˵漴˳ųȷأʹɫ΢صԽĺ棬˭һҹ֮һ֮
𳽾ڴʱһ˹ʱ˷׷ÿĿ⿴һӰ챤פƬǿߣ𳽾
ҩɹҲˡʱһλ̤ҩɹǿߣǵĿ׷׳ǰĹȥ
𳽾˵һҹֵɹ˻Ǻˣҩɹǿ߶Ž𳽾ʵ
ȥ𳽾΢Ц˵ҩɹǿЦŽ𳽾ʵǿ󣬽ϵ޼᲻ݣפ챤פض꣬ˣ𳽾С
ʶ̤㡣аݣ𳽾ҩɹǿߣνʼˣҽȥߡ
ô£ֻʱһӰնٵߣ˽٣Ⱥ׷ױÿ
𳽾ˣ¶һĨϲɫүˡ
곽ү𳽾΢΢Ƿԭ⽵֮ˣȻ챤ĵϵ֮곽
곽Ϊ챤һȻܵ˲ٴܣҲ̤ʾ硣
ң곽һݣɽޡ
ھŴɹ챤ɽޣһݵ߹ǿɽпܳΪλǿߣλʡ
ү𳽾Ҫڣȴ곽΢΢˰֣ڵһҹһ嫹ϳѾ֪ˡ
𳽾΢΢ͷûж˵ʲôֻ곽Ųǰ̤һһ³Źȥ
ɽޣ곽ݷùˣһ
곽δ˵챤곽˵ɽޣƬɽϵĴڣһֵλûˣɽ
Ȼ곽£ȴδκεĻӦ곽˷·ʯ󺣰㣬ʧӰ١
һĬ곽üͷ΢΢£漴ٶȺȵɽ곽ݼ³һȻ곽ֻõŰݼˡ
˲֪Ǻˣɽޣᡣ˼֮ûκλӦɵа
ߡ곽ŭ⣬Ų͵̤˳ȥ˳ųȳǰȥȻԴֻԼˡ
롣
һ֮Զһд漴ֻһӰ͵ĳ𣬽ŲնӴԵü࣬·űըԵ
ǿߡ𳽾֮ͫ΢ˣˣʾ磬ֻλʾ硣
۾Ϲ𣿡̨̤գһϢǰ˳곽̤գӭֱ̨̤ȥǿʢϢͷţɫĿռͼ׸֣·Ҫ˰УƮ֮С
ҵҪǺηʥ곽嫿ռ䷨ԽԽǿʢǾŴɹ챤챤ĵ̣ңɽޣ˭Ұ
𣡡Ȼ䣬һʨ·ʨХض·ǧʨ곽ϣʹƺһֻоԴҪըѵ
̨̤ʨȭâɱͬǧؼ豼ڣշѹضԶȺҲͷҲֻоϢݣǿʢµϢ
곽ɫ䣬ɫͼŵ˸˺Ȼ˿Ƭز񷶼ǱڵĹʨ¡ĿȻֱ˶곽˫ֺɱȻʨ·ֹ곽Ѫ£ֱˤ˳ȥ
ү𳽾ɫ԰ֽ͵Ľ곽סֻ˿곽Ϣ΢ֻоȫٵڷգҡ
곽ûôʧܹձַ̤ҲûͬɽޣôҫĿ˾˳֮ΪţȻͬλʾ磬ԼȻ˵Ĵһ
곽ΧȺо鴤˿ڿХ·ʨصݣ̫ˣλܹӵеĹ
ǹǺݣ˶ֻ̨ʱ𳽾̧ͷ̨ʵµǺˣǷ⹬֮
ʲôҲʸʻ˭̤һɱ⡣̨ȳͬը㣬ȺĤ漴ֻ̨һת̤ȥֱʧǵߵУƺ˹档
𳽾ɫѿ˼£ʻʸûУ
𳽾ף޷ת곽뿪˴˵أҩɹǿüͷ΢΢ţ漴Ҳͬȥڶ֪һҹֵĹжˣ
Ⱥ˽ڵۣղ˵ʵ̫ˣһأʨ֮շѹ񷣬ӵֲֿ֮ʵֻλʵǿܹѹˣԷֱ곽ң֪챤ô
ߵϢܿ촫ݳȥŴɹ챤˶֪ƬͻȻһصĹ߳ʣսǿ󵽿£һдݻɽޣ곽
ڶ죬µϢдɣͽ֮Ϊ̨
̨ͽΪޣΪߣƷʾһλʾ֮ˣƷʾһλʾߡƷʾһ
𺳵ǣ̨ͽһ򣬷̨ɺĳԱ֮ˣ͵۾
һϢ𾪾Ŵɹ챤򣬲ϢԼٶȣƬɽӶȥ֮˲𾪡
۾ټɽڣҲֻɽǣ˵ó۾ң̨ԣֻҪΪ̨ĵӣ͵۾


1814 ʬ
챤ű֮УһӰվں嫹ű۷壬곽ѾκãҪжʱ޷ȫʵˣɫѿ˿̣޷һյһܡ
챤ϵ֮ˣɽޣôҫ۵ݣȻԷĹ̤һλǿߣ׽ݻٵһսܵ˵Ĳҡ
ʣ̨СһûɣʱһλԵĶ䵭һʱĶֻʣһֱۣΧַ֮ʱַˣݻٵһֱۣ㵽ûиԭף챤Ը⻨ѴĴ۰ӡ
ͷȻȻַ㣬ϧȻˣ֮ҹ˽٣Щ챤ĩ֣֮ɺλǿҹУǳɼ£ɽĪҹ
پŴɹ챤֮ʱŴɹ챤¶棬泾ʱȥַЯҹǿƴ챤Գǡ
ʱй̨ھŴɹ챤뻺öʸоЩŹ֡
Сյȷһַ̨ڵ̨֮ʱΪ̨˫ʣһλʡһλʶѣʵȥһЩ꣬ҲƲ̫ƣó۾̨ĵӣҲ²⣬һ
ʻ˵ɫ˸곽ʵ곽ֻą̇̄е˽ֹ㿴ĹͨΣ
ǿһŭǬһȭâǧʨշ񷣬ĹžǹǷǳǿģɽҲòУҲȻֻɽܹӴҲΪֻ̨żȻ곽˵
Է̨ھǵ뻺ϲ⣬òоЩ֣Էأ̨һҹסʲô˶֪һ֪ĸоİ
ҪҪ֪һԵ˵
ʵĻĮĿʱɨһۣʹöͷ΢ͷ
¶ҪĻ챤ѵһȺﲻɣĮ˵һʵͷɫÿԷָɣ
Ҽλǿߣ̨֮У̽̽ǵĵϸ국Į˵һʱ΢΢ͷȷǵ֮
챤ôΪ̨ͻȻĳ֣Ŵɹ챤Ҫ̽һ̨̽ĵϸȻ̨˿ˣǱǱ˽̨С
ͻȻ䣬Ŵɹ챤򣬾ǵ뻺֮أڼ֮Ⱥ϶ߵϢŸϸģͬʱ⼸̨еﲻ̨߲ܣȫӴһԺȺС
ڽӴˣ䡢Լ̨˶ھŴɹ챤򣬶ס
λ̨ȻյӣΪλһֱҵȴʱһյع㳡˶ʵԵЩͣҲʾΪˣΪ˹žν̨ûʲôȤǣ̨ʵܹĶ
̨ԻᰲţȻλ̨ĵȵƽĿ˵
Ѿ˰ʱˣҪȶãǷøȷʱ䣿Ⱥ䵭ʹüͷ΢΢£漴дżЦ̨֪յӻ˽ҡ
̨յӣմүλǲԸȣԱ㡣䵭˵һʱ˼֮
ҵȶѾˣ˵֮߱ǷҪ٣ŵĹžóɡ˵
ǣһԱҪǣδҲ̫Щ֮ʱȺ֮ϡ
һǵһοǰ˵ôŵġ̨޴Ե̫֮ҫӱ䣬ԸЩ£Ȼַܸ㣬ַĻҲֻӡ
ȻַҲˣЩҲņ£ʲô
ֻ˵һ䣬Ը̨ģȥԱ㣬Ҳǿ˴ĵңɱ⡣͸ĮɱʹȺͫ׶΢΢Щ֮Ȼ˵ʲôҪõžˣ̨ǿǲļ̨ɾһܹŴɹ챤Ҳ죬֮˵ȸʲô
ôĿһλǿ߱˵
ˣȻ䣬ֻڵ˳ȥͬһ֮ǿ߻䣬ɫ˲ˣȻˣȻٶôܹܺᲢۣͻȻֻһ̫֮צֱӿɱ£ץסһХ֮ʱһƬ֣Ⱥֻ˵屻׵˺ѵ
һĻʹȺɫһһλʼǿߣ˵ɱɱ
Щ˵սôֲͬλʣսһ˲ɱЩһб⣬̨ķͬСɣЩλʵսôλƺһɽޣ챤곽Ҳһ
µǣ˺úݣƺ˼ɣɱʡŰ곽
֮Уԡ̫棬ɨˣĮ˭
ȺǸղЩ֮ˣʱҲ죬һֶ̫ˣһλʣ˵ɱɱ
ǲ֪ھŴɹ챤ѾһǿߣȻŶ֮أ뢺УʣҲֻǷ˶ѡ
һҪλһλ̨Ļϲ⣬Ȱλһ򣬵ʱˡ˿ҲʹЩŴɹ챤еԵ̲סͷ΢΢£ƺомֲȻõˣͲ뿪ˣǵҪ̨Щʲôڡ
ʱԶһӰ˹һλŮ
ڣɣ̨ǼӴˡ￪˵ʱ΢΢ͷ˵߰ɡ
Ⱥ׷׸ڶȥ̨֪ˣǡ
ʱ̨ǳ֮⣬в˻ڹȴ֪Щ̨̤ҪеˣǷܵõ۾
һȴãҹĻЩ˶δȥֱڶ峿£ǵɶǰ
߹ˡڴʱֻӰȻֻϾ㶼һ壬һĻɫ΢ô£
ûϢЩѵˣͫ΢΢ܿ죬Ⱥ̨֮⣬ʬ͵˵ϡ
ʦתŴɹ챤ҪͼԵ̨ж٣ɱ١Щһ漴תȥЩˣԼȺɫľŴɹ챤֮ˣЩʬ壬ȷǵڣ
̨Ȼɱˣ


1815 ̨
Ⱥû뿪Ŀⶢǰһְȴ˸оһ⣬΢Щ
ЩҪ̨ˣЩʬ֮⣬˷·Ҳʧһûһ˳ûµĻʵЩˡ
Щ̨ʲôаţֹصΣǶо䡣
ʱ̨һ֮Уһҹҹ֮УŲЩ֮УŲ֮ͨЩ뿴Щ̨ͨеЩЩ֮󣬾Ҳû뿪˼ˣǰõ˹ž뿪뷨ڣ뷨Ȼڡ
̫ǿˣһͨӵ޿ȻûнɽΪɽޣףɽޣҲ֮ͨУͨѡ
⻹ǿʼЩ˵ʵǿЩ֣ͬλʣս׾ܽͬǴݻٵĵ۾ˣڴ
Ȼʦѵڴ˵ش̨ӣ̨ΪŵӣΪֻһͣͨ飬ɳΪŵӣһ̤ţڵ۾
ңˣ֮ϣ̨кЩˣ൱ɵĳϣһ̤룬õҴڣиǿĵ۾֮ͨ
һ֮Уַ⣬ַֻžĪϧʵĪϧڤ֮أΡ
ⱾΪ˵־ͨ־ͱǿ˱ˣֶƽʱҲϡĪϧЦ˵ַ㣬֮ܵ𣿡
磬ԶûǣҲ̨һûṩǱҲ뿪ԣֻҪ㹻ţǱΪ̨¡ַƽ˵
˵ûָͬһܣҪģһ򣬶ǵġַͬĻͷ˵
ǽǸԳ͸һâ޲ɱ챤Щ˶ǴС߳ˣƿǵˡ
챤Ҫġַͬкâ˸Ŵɹ챤ȻҪСƿȨЩǺûֱӵĳͻЩȴһҪģ챤һҪĨ
챤⣬ҩɹǰߣλʾ磬˵ĿĿַǼǵʦһ򣬴˳𲻱ַѰ֮ڶգؽ̤ҩɹ
ļ̨ûʲô󶯾ǳİȻ̨һ޹Ժ֮Уȴʼ˲ӰЩ⼸հ̨֮ˣңЩ̨˴Ųʹø˿ʼ˺棬ʲôħ˳ļ̨
Ľֱǣ˿ʼ̨Ϊ棬Ϊ̨Ĺžջ󣬵̨̤֮󣬱ûгܰ
Ⱥ֣Ȼʼλλɢǿ̨̤ңǣҲ̨֮ͬУļ춼ûٳ
һȺ飬̨ţŰԽԽ󣬶ң̨УʼһصԻ֮У˿һͬˮ£·һ¥ԵЩУλ֮С
Ⱥףó󷨵ǿߣ̨ͻȻ̨չϳɣЩкǿļԣ·̨ʱѾ˿ǽȥˣһĹǿ߿ǿҲ˿ʼ̨ʵƺЩ£ִŴɹ챤ûС
񣬾Ŵɹ챤ҲʼעǱѾ޷ˡ
һ죬Ŵɹ챤ˣͬۼƬٿһλˡ
ʱһĿյ֮ϣԸ֮ˣǾŴɹ챤۾һǿߣλʣ¶ˡ
챤ҵˣ֪Ϊ£ʱ챤һλǿ֪ʵ˵Ŀ⿴챤ˣ챤ƶߣ룬գҹУױϣ֮룬ʼ֮·ʵǿѹȥƿ챤Χ
֪ʣƬص̨ƺն챤֮˰ɣ뵭Ŀڵ
챤곽ɽôȴһк˳ȥǵܹͣȻɵ̨Ұ챤ǿƽЦ¡
챤֮˵ķɫ΢ŭȻȴܿ챻ĵ̨Ƥ£ȴԷϸ޷ѵλôİ
ΪΣҩɹİʿʵǿߣȻ¹֮ˣҩɹӵһĵλ
Ҳֵ֪Ĵ㡣ɹХֳ츳Ҳǳںǰʾ磬Ѿ˰صزϳλʾ˶ԣХʮڣп̤λʣɹХҲǷǳӡ
Ȼ̨ҾŴɹ챤ĻôκһǶӲҵȸһЩˣǰ̨ȥǵĵϸ㣬Σ
뻺ڣʹ챤ǿЦµΪ˽ˣһΪ챤ܴ˵裬ֱӴɱ̨
챤ǿߵļҲδ⣬̨أ޷͸챤һȥףɲɡ
ΪֵĻ̨أңλػǵַɣʱ˾챤һλǿ߿˵˶ʱĬ£ַ֣ǵȻǼǵõģ챤Χ˶ûɱ泾ٶˣЯҹǿƽ٣Ƭ
ַСУڵǹ̨˾챤ǿ߻˵ʹȺĿ˸¶â
˼˵ַˣ˿ʵ
Ҳֻôһ˵ѣλ̨ϸҲİɡ˾챤ǿЦµ˵Ȼףǵĵ̨̣ǿƲ㣬ѾӰ쵽ˣҶԷӰڲϵŽʮʱѡ
ͬ⽨顣ɹǿ߿˵漴˴ûʲô׷׵ͷ
Ȼλͬ⣬ôǲһЩǰ̨ɡƽ˵ҲûŴɹ챤Ƕ̨أҲҲӰɣ


1816 ̸
̨ءǿ֮Уھ֮Щʱգû֪ϸŴɹ챤˶δ
Ȼһ죬Ŵɹ챤ڵˣһν٣ǾŴλǿߣʮλλǿߣһȺӣݳ֣ʱʹ̨ΧȺа£ףŴɹ챤ڰ಻סҪˡ
֮ǰ˯ǾŴɹ챤ĵ̣ƬľߣƬǾŹ绺ĵطȴһµռݣҲжֻ֮£ʵϣǵжԤϵЩȴǿ󣬿ɼǶ̨һӡ
ʱ̨֮أ˳ǳȥȴֻ֮ǣƱ֡
󷨡ʱХǰ֮ǣ˵
ֻǻǶԷóɱĻּɱ󣬿ܹλв챤һλλǿ߿˵ɫΪأ˵ʦóģҲóģȻѱָʦóϵ
գַ㲻ôң̨챤ǿߵһЦʱʹ챤Ⱥüüͷ΢£Ļַйôַ뿪ƺûжɣ֮ʱΪδɻʣٴιȵô
ϧصĿģž۾ַóƺЩܡ
ȥ֪ˡɹХ䵭˵漴ųȹŴɹ챤ǰݼ̨֮
µ˴͸գ̨кХ룬ȴһ󰲾ȻʱֻһӰ˳⼸Ŀɨһ۾Ŵɹ챤֮ˣȴҲδ˵ֻƽڳˡ
λҵȿԽȥ𣿡챤ǿ߿ڳ֮Ҳ𻰣ɵÿѯʳ˿΢΢Щ죬ЩһﲻһЩ֮ˣƽʱǻҪϥ񵹺ãȻŲʡ
ʦԻֻ֪ͨһĿɨĮ˵ʹ챤ǿɫһ˸
ôɣŴɹ챤̨˴ô챤ǿ˳ųȺȵХƮ̨֮С
̨δǲ⣬뿪ˡʱղٶȿ˵ʹ챤ǿɫȻһâȥɱڶ˭˵
̨ӣ챤֮ˣ̨̤һɱ⡣
ʱ̨֮ڣһƮ֮˳ų˶Ĥ֮УʹȺɫһòĻ챤֮ˣ̨̤һɱ⡣
ھŴɹ챤챤вδ棬ʹ챤޲ɫãЩ¡
챤챤ɹλһƮ֮ʹȺɫ˸̨챤챤ԼɹڣȴûɹҩɹԼ챤챤͸ˡ
̨ʦ롣Щָ̨֮£ʱ֮໥һۣŲǰ̤ǵҪ̨Щηʥ
δļ֮üͷţɫΪÿ
Щ̨Ӵ˳棬漴Ӱʧ
û뵽ǰݷãȴܵ衣챤ǿ䣬ŭ
԰꣬ǵǳϸѯ㡣챤ǿߵΪƽ˵ϲޱ͵һʱΡ
챤챤뵽һԺǰﶼѾں˾磬ǵĿһ۱㿴ǰλõ꣬ĿĮ·¶͸һϢ˵ԣͬʷǷ꣬һĿֻ࣬Ƕͬһ㣬·¶͸֮С
䶼λʾ磬ȴһֿµ˾Զǳҡ֮аһ̨ʲôĻһУΪе궼˵Ĳ
λվʾ£ʱ֮˷׷
λǰ̨ʲô°ɣ˵޷ԼҲȺ΢Ц£ֱ˵Ŀڡ
ˡð̨ҾŴɹ챤֮شΪ챤һ˿һȻԷֱӣҲعĨˡ
˵ɡ̧˫̫ķɨˣڵΪζҲ̨֪λǰһмҪλ˵һԺ̨ڴˣչ׳󣻶̨Ҳ;Ŵɹ챤ĳЩһЩײԲλ̨ƶһЩƬĹ򣬻ЩС硣
ڵʹͷ΢΢£о㶼һķâҪ󣬲νҪƷǶƬͳȨ
λȱſڡڰ˰֣£ֻ˵һѡλԼ֮£ǵѣҲȫλоȻҲظңֻҪλ֪±ˡ
šȺо㶼һͷŵǾǵһμ
ˣ磬λãʱ뿪УλҪ磬ˣõĸֶûСվһ뿪ˣ˫ͫȴ̵ӡ
λƢЩ꣬£ȴҲʵˣȱƵĻᶼûС̨ˬʵЦ£λȾơ
Ⱥ˼Ȼȴûо̨ܾղ˵ĻȨҲҲûʲôȥϰɡ
δ̨̣֮Ǻˣ¾Ʊ˿һ̨䶼Ц£漴ֻ̨̨̨ߣֵܣҿԺȷĸλ̨ûʲô߾ǿߣǣȴﴴµˣλ񣬶⣬Ծڴˡ
ҲԸλһ£˴̨֮ˣλİһʶģλûж⣬ǵѣλԼѡ񡣡΢Ц£漴վλԱ㡣
˵գ̨㶼뿪ˣȻǵĻȴЩ˵˵֮ˣǲİ
ַ㣬ˡ췲Ҳ챤ȺУֻȴ˳Ĭ˵ʹȺ۽ǲ˲ַ㣬ս챤ЩŪ췭ظļһˣҪھŴɹ챤ƶµ
챤챤Լɹ̨֮߳ʱʱ⼸ΧЩȴֻЦЦһۣʲôҲû£ֱ뿪ˣʹʱ̨֮У
챤˾챤ɹ׷ɹҪ̨ǵı챤ҩɹǵˣԹˡ


1817 ǿƼ
̨дν챤˾챤ɹ׷ɹĹҪ̨Ļ豤٣챤ҩɹ裬ֱӹˡ
˶һ£ղų̋ǱԴˣѹֶԷһԲֱ뿪˵أ֪ʲô
⻹һ£ʱ̨֣ݷҩɹפءһ˴ʹҩɹǿɫâ˸̨ݷҩɹפأ
ãҩɹ̨λݡҩɹǿ߳Ƭ̣Կ˵͸ǿҵĮ֮ϢǵҪ̨ЩʲôˣҪݷҩɹ
̨֮ӵԻ󷨣ǲɱУҩɹפأǵĵˡ
ߡҩɹǿӶ뿪δñȫ뿪챤͸⣬ɨ̨һۣҲ׷ȥ
챤ǿҲ̨֮УĿ˸
ӽ̨ǾŴɹ챤̬ȣɼ̨ǾŴɹ챤Ȼйģ򲻻Դ
챤챤Լɹ̨챤˾챤̨֮ͷǳˣҪǱ챤ҩɹֱӹѾòԷ̬ˣơ
̨Դ󷨣챤ǿѾоʱƺѾѲ˸ϵˣȻվֻǻɣôԷʲôһУҪʱ̨֣ݷҩɹ׻Щˣֻʲô
λҪ֪ͨɽˡ챤ǿߵ˵һֻ׷˸Ĭ˶ԷĻΣбҪɽ֪ˡ
ЩվûӲ̨ĬĬ뿪ټ̨أǿĻжвٹ˼ɣһУˣֻҪҩɹʱӦˡ
̨ʱְݷҩɹϢܿ촫˳ȥھŴɹ챤һ죬Ŵɹ챤ıõ˸֪ͨʼҩɹƬפء
ҩɹפصˣڵһʱ֪ͨҩɹıʼǿƬפأǵҪŴɹ챤Ϊ̨Ҫ˳
һգھŴɹ챤֮ǣ͸żֺ֮⣬Ȼ֮ǵȴмֽţиǿ߷׷׽٣ǵĿģֻһطҩɹפء
ʱҩɹפصУΧƺƽﶼԾ˼֣ҩɹ֮У֮⣬ʳһϯۣƽĿɨһи߹ҵ̫漴΢΢𣬳ǰȥ˫ͫ׵Уһⱬ·͸˿ռ䣬ʱͿ쵽ˣ̨˰ɡ
ҩϣ㲻ڳ̨֪ҩɹģŴɹ챤챤ڣ챤ĴǰȥΨҩɹԼ챤ֻһ֣ңԽհݷҩɹޱȡ
ʱǰһǿ絶̹ǡ
֪ƽ˵ҩɹλλڴˣͬʱʮλλǿߣټϷݣҵҪ̨кβʸֻ̨ǻ˵ĻôգǱ㲻뿪ˡ
Ǽһҹһأܾû˸ھŴɹ챤šһɫ
Ц£漴˵֮ʵҶ˹ҶNǺʱܵ
ҩϷģҶNСƿȨ֮ʱһ֮ʹ˼ʹ㼣̤ʮС磬ɻʹſʼɽпޣ泾ӣɽĵλ곽ܹ֮챤ʰ棬˴ѶϢأͬλɽʦһٶλʼǿߣ̨ǿ޷£ɽǿһһڡ
Ȼġʵ˵һʱλǿһж͸Ц֮ɫɽޣ̨գȥ޻ء
ʱȺ׷̧ͷĿ⳯ȥʱͿ쵽ˡ
֮ǵ̨ҩɹפأ;֮У˿ַǷӰֻյУһɫ۵ǿ߿ɾ򵥣֮ϣһ̨·ɽݣС
öǿߣǿʮˣû뵽̶̼֮䣬̨Ȼżʮλʾ֮ˣÿµĺĿգ𺳣ɲʮλô򵥣˿еľǣʿλǿ߷ҷλǴ˿̧̣һ޴޴ޱȵս
սϹ⣬ϳͬʱΧоԦޱȵս޲ĿǾ޴ս֮УһģӰ·͸Ż֮⣬ʱ̨أû֪ս֮м˴ڡ
ȻԽصϢԽ˸оɲ⣬ԽеҪ֪浽ʲôڡ
ȺͬѩԽԽ̨࣬ʿпһ·ڣҩɹ
ˡҩɹΧ֮أƺڵȺȻǿеĹݣʿԼս֮һо亹ƺֲԤУ̨ɶҪҩɹ
ûǿʵ̨˺жҡУƸûнŴɹ챤֮һҩɹ
ҩɹ֮УһӰƿգȻȴ˵ʿ̨ս֮˲ܣһ·ǰУ·ҩɹפ֮С
ôɡɫãǹٵսͫâЩ̨ļһÿļƣǱ̨̣ǴˣǿƼҩɹ
ͣ°ɡʴһʱһӰڿգʮλǿߣλʾ֮ˣͬʱ֮ϣ̨ǰˣһޱȣԷҩɹɣҪǵƶȫѹȥ
ֹ̨գսͣ£Ȼ֪ϵս֮ʲôмڡ
λȻѾҩɹפأαػҪͷ¶β¶˰ɡɫ䣬˫ӾȻ޷͸սеľ¡


1818 ̫
ʱҩɹפ֮ڣǿ߽٣ԶѾ̤פ֮УЩˣȻǾŴɹ챤ֻҪܹö̤֮ҩɹפصУ˴ˣҩɹǿȻҲȥֹʲô
ЩںδʱǵȴȫǾս棬еô
ͷ뿪Ŵɹ챤֮ʱ˵гһգұػҩɹգԼʱֻһƮ֮սʸɴʹǰɫ΢΢һ
뿪Ŵɹ챤˵ҩɹ֮ˣȻӡ󣬵һζԷ˵仰δ£ȻȵԷս̨֮ϵڶ˵˻֮£ˣΪԷСƿȨս̨֮ϱֶǿ츳оľовǸԷʮʱ⣬һܹв
Ȼʱⲻ˵ʮ꣬ʮ껹δƺǽ꣬Ѿˡ
ս֮ϣɢȥҩɹλǿĶս֮У漴ǿһӰЩһɫᣬңƺ׿ӵصʣʹҩɹͷ΢΢鴤¡
Ȼ㣬ַ㣡Ŀⶢһ굱еһˣȻշ¿Եַ꣬㡣
ֻһӰŲս̤֮ϣŴɹ챤֮˾㶼ˣַˣȵ̣ڻһ̨
Щ˭֮󣬽ĵĵȻһ˵ΪǵĿַɨʱ˰˿ãһŮλʾ磬ַɻ۷֮
ݣƺвǾŴɹ챤ĴڣȻ˿˵ĵǣַǺ棬ˡ
Щܶ඼̨ӣ֮Ϊ֣С̨ʦ֣ɮΪգʦ֣ǽɫ۵Ŀ꣬ǲ칬ľĪϧ⻹мˣ챤Ƶ̨֮ˡ
ʱ챤軺˵˿̵ǵȻΪַ챤Լҩɹˡ
ҩɹǿ߼ַ˵Ϊ֮Ҳ΢΢˿ݣǰ˶Ըˣҩɹ
ǰЦ£Į˵ɶΪǺηʥȴ뾹֮ˣңΪҲʵʧһΪٻ̤ʾ磬ɻͣ۷֮޷ɻʣҸ߿ˣ̨к˱һɣԸЩߣ
ַ㵱Ȼװһ仰ֻ̽ǴżЦ㲻̨˶ˣЩ˶ѡ
ǣһλλǿ߽ӿ˵ƺЩȲ
ԣЩˣ̨ˣռַƽĻӦһʹҩɹǿ߾ȣܱ֮ˣҲһ֮ͫɫЩˣ͸ǰ
ַ㣬׼˶ԸЩˣʳĬƬ̺漴ЦȻַ챤פأַһɱǶλǿߣַ챤ĿһԾ֮Уַս£ܺӡ
λǿߣ˵СηңЦַ֮Ųǰ̤Űʵ֮ˣҵֵ֮мʦ״ӣҲ̨ʦ£ҩɹν£֪ҵļλʦ֣Ҫλֽ̡
ַ㻰£ֻ̨Ųǰ̤һЦҩɹǿߵôʶһѣΪˣһϹͷ֪ܲڣ˭
񡣡ҩɹǿɫĮֻһλΪǿλǿ̤ķ֮һսʤɡ
ˣӰ磬˳֮ʱֻյжȻ֦·ûһ̨ƹȥȻȴֻ̨Ų̤巢ž죬ͬһʨ
Ȼ䣬һɿµղ·մңضҡַֻоĤ͵һ·һɥʧǣûκεȴ˿µޱȿµ̨ǰΪģݺݵ£ֻоҪѪ
ϣַͫ΢΢£漴ֻ̨͵һ·زʨӰȻ̼ʧȴҩɹǿȴֱ£·Ϊʹࡣ
Σ
̨Ų͵̤޴ֱӽҩɹǿ߿УȺδлָ㿴һĻ޲ҩɹǿɫ޲䣬ʲôΡϣڴʱյжûκ˶ųĬ֮ܵѪ޲𺳣˾
ϼһϼһ̫ˣַ㣬ЩϲķҲ̨ĵˡ̨ȻڼžĿռдԵøͻأ漴ֻ͵ĴڶԷϣʱ֮ϣʲҽ֮ݺݵ䵽˵£Ѫ
ַ̨֮˺ÿֲսȻֻλʾ磬Ȼ̨ȴͬһ޴Ĺ㣬··
Ȼ̨δ̫ԺַֻĻҪݺݵ̨֮ײ̫ǿֻ̫ˣĹžǹܺᲢۣЩҪӴ۾¶Ѱɡ
Ǵ˻˵곽챤Ⱥ֮Уֻ𳽾ڶ˵𳽾û뵽˾Ȼַ㣬ַӡǼΪ̡
Ȼ߻˱ַӡ̶ˣʡʣǿֵַһɲǣͺ޲ýַʬΣΪַ㣬ǵǷǳùǲ챤ӣ֮ʵֱ۶ӣǧǵĳޣҲδڣȻˡ
Ҳ£˼ҩɹİɫַЩˣԽ͸ˣղ˱ֳսѾвλˣͻȻԼ͹ַǣ㶼λʾ磬ҲԲС
̨վǣȺϼһﶼվˣǻɡַ΢Ц˵ʱ̨Ц£ηأַԵ΢ЦΣ
΢΢ͷ漴Ӱ磬һγսľһλòŮӣҩɹȴû˸ӣֻĿ⿴һλϢǿߵһս
áͷſֲķѾء
ҳˡƽ˵һ䣬ٻӰȻʧԭأͬһգʹɫ΢䣬ʱ·ҪһƬ֮ɭ֡
ˣ涸Ȼȼն𣬽͵Ĳι͹ͬһɿµĺݻһУʹöԷˡ
ﶸȻһȣʱ·նû·Ҫֹ㣬һ⽵٣ɫ԰ף漴ֻһ޴ޱȵķϺɨѪֻ߲ҽһ屻ݺݵķ˳ȥһֱѾ¿׹ȥ
δͣ˲صַߣȺƺֻһ
ʣʱ˴ˡ˶˵ҩɹǿߣа漴ֿ̨֮ˣλʣʲôʱֱ˵Ŀ£


1819 ծ
ϵ򣬸ղŶݵսԷѾͷֵķЩǿ߿˻صַԵһλòŮӣսʵ˵ǿᣬԲȸղǿ׳̨
뵽ȺĿɨַߵ꣬ѵЩ˶ȿֲսĻЩˡ
𾪵ҩɹˣŶ̶棬λʾǿ߱ϵλʼսղսѾǶףһһͬսλһ磬ûκεʤ㡣
ʱյĽŲǰ̤˳ȥվ֮У˫ֺʮɫ⻪ⶸȻ併٣һŷ㡣
ȻһΣҩɹǿȴĿⶢգһţѾû˸߳ˣǰǿߣҲĮĶա
ַʦԣʦҩȴµ裬Ҷʦ֮ǿʵб֮£ҵȵǰΪʦָ˵µôվˡ޷Ȼƽȴ͸ż⣬ͱ֮Χ΢ЩܣҩɹǿߣΪ£ַһֱġ
񣬱ҩɹ֮˵ĵӣѾɳǰΪʦҪ
Ц֮ϷȰλ뿪ĺãҩɹɲټ͸λ䣬ʹѾһһ̨սˣ仰ΪλʳҸڶѡ
ֺγףŰЦ£˫ֺʮҩɹǶսȺս̨Զ㣬ƾձ֮ΪҩɹԿɼһߣԣ㲻ؿڳԣְɡ
Ҫҩɹƣˣҩȥնⲻ֪ߵغ֮ˣ̽Ϊǰʱ˵ʱһλλǿ̤ʹɫ΢ҩɹλҪˡ
Ȼȴ̨ûκΪֻһվգһȻ壬ս׼
Ҳҷҩ³һ漴ֻ֮УգľϵһȫȥȻȴɫƽޱȣԽԽҫĿ貴ۣ󣬳һ޴ŷ
ҩŲ̤ʱ˫ַ·ޱȵḷ̌һľĳմɱȥЩľ֮˶ޱȣ·ȫǷУҪضơ
𣡡ɣľƻǹľɱŵɽס
֮֮Ȼҩһ·˻һޱȾ޴յİпµľ֮յĽɫĻ֮ơ
ݣ֮·޾ķ⣬յӰ漴ûڶա𡢵𡭡޾һշѻһͬž죬صһ𣬻Ϲŷ򷨲
տ³һʱ֮ϣһޱӴľ޴ӡճҩѹȶ£ҪѹƬա
λ֮ηλ֮ˡҩɫ䣬˶ҡޱ߾޴Ĺ֮ϣľϵгӡȥȻȴȫ𣬱µӡѹɷ顣
һſŹͬʱ˦գضӡ飬ȴԽԽ죬ҩֻһѾĹм䣬ɵаݣЩһﶼӵкöֶΣҸֶζǿδš
Χ˸Ȼҩ䲻̫λʣϾλʾǿߣҪһ磬ⰴճԣ֣ӦܾշѹȻ˿̣λʵҩȴ·𴦴ƣһֱڱѹƵ״̬
Ҳ˵յսսͨ˸е𺳣ִͨǼ˼ʶ
ƺЩʾǿΪζĸԸļ̨ҽȥ֮󣬱Ҳóԭˡ챤֮أ췲һɫзâ˸ĵ۵ɱͨѾǷǳ챤еľѧͨȻմ˿չֵͨȣľҪ٣գһߵ˺Զĵط
̨ӽΪС֮ˣľ½ǱΪ޸֮ˣ޸ηһ䡢׷ûκԶģ̤½֮ʱҾŴɹ챤Ƚܳӣ츳ԲǣҲڲ֮󣬽ԶΪ֮ҵȽΪɽǹޣһǰʵ̤ɽȥ׷ǿ֮·ʱѲ֪¡
챤зʡԼŴɹ챤˶ΪܹΪɽ޶ҫϧһдŬΪɽޣȻɻɽγֲһɽɽп֮ʱַǣѾһԼĿׯ
Ҫǿ󣬾ҪƬӵеһУһҪһСУ׵׵̤Լ֮·¿ʼ췲³˿һ̣о·𶼷࣬ж˴ΪģȴҲǳɳϰ
ʱһսѾ˽֮ѹλλǿߣݺݵļ̤ڷ֮£ɱŭħɱ
һλλǿߣջɱ
ʱֻһʱܵǿͬʱһɹɺ嫷Ϣͷţҩɹǿ߶ˣսɱ˹ȥ
̨Ҫȥȴַ˰ֽס³һ֮£̨״Ϊʦծ֮գֵ֡
ַ˵֮ʱֽŲѾ̤˳ȥһֻؽâնֻأ˺Ļ˲λǿ߱ɱֻ֮У֮أʹ˵Ҳ΢΢£һɱλʣһֱδ֮ˣʵҲͬµЩˡ
ս޵˳ȥǶ״ӣծҪ
λλǿߣɱҩɹӪ֮УǷô
ңַ㻹˲Ҫָ档
ֺɱǰ棬ֻؽĻ֣գֻҪû죬յķҪǬսƫս
ֻʱַĽŲҲ̤˳ȥֻ˫ֱӳδֵİȥһâҲҪʦܵ裬Ҫʮٱ
ʿַǱ̲ͫס඼΢΢£һλ۷徳֮ˣȴоһ˿Ŀ־塣
ʱһǿͬɱַ㣬ΪַҪȡʩ֮£ȴķ֣ǷԼǿĹֱӺַϣʹȺ£ַ㣬˵Ĳ
ȻܿǷԼˣúףֱַֻӿһԴϣԴƺҪ̧ͷȴһ˫ͫ͸ſµɱ⡣
䣡
һ֮Դѣɢȥһʬ峯¿׹ȥЩĿһĻȺҲʬĽݺݵ£߱ɱôļɱȴ˸оëȻ


1820 Űɱ
侳磿ǾŴɹ챤֮˻ˣԶоԼ뷨жôĻַЯ̨ǿƹ̨սԶ˿£ַ侳磬ӹɣַ㶨Ȼʵ
λʹҡ̫ǿˡȺоЩĲֻ죬ХսڣĽŲĳһλλ̤ȥһλ赲ǰλʵǿֱӱշϺսûշѹʬ޴棬ؼʧ
һλǿ߹ַ㣬ַһâȻתڵ֮ͫöԷ־·𿴵һµ漴ַһۣŽٽŭХڽбɱ˲Ϣһ
ǰλʼѾһˣ˲Ĩɱ
챤֮ɫѿַ˵ʵԽǿᣬǱԽов
ЩȺвַĹʽ˵衢췲ǣַ֣ǽԶоһǿҵĽȸУַʵȻǿᵽˣݻλʾ֮練ƣݿֱ࣬նʣҲףͬΪʣЩ֮ĲҲ޿ֲġ
˵ǣսǿĿɲַһˣλʦֻ֣صĺԼŲվԿ£ɱλʴݿֱ࣬˿̣Ȼںλʼǿ߿սһλλԼλλǿ߰У򷨡
ЩһֱʥϹʥӵеĿܻеľ޵ܻ˸ԼгһֻӰܹ̼֮һƬػֻ֮أֻߣɱʱһɿµķɢȥһλλǿ˺ֵĽ£Է֮۵֮ͨȻȴΪֻ֮
Լսս䲻ôǿȻǱҲΪǿᣬҹпޣǿս⣬ǵսҲЩҩɹܹ֮ͬġ
ȺĿⶢеĺ嫴սرѣ¿մزϱһѺۣһݻ٣սĹľ̨֮ɱڻ֮УλλʼǿߣȻȴǾԵѹλλʾ̨֮ˣѹҩɹǿߡ
ַѾλǿǰȼŲս⣬ͬһ£ʹλǿ߶񶯵֮͸ŵţɱ£գ֮ȭǬѣλǿֻоԼȻһ֮У޷԰ΣûйָоһλλʵǿǷ֮С
ַĹȫ͸Ų⾳ࡢɱ࣬Ϻսշ֮ʱλڱַܵǿսɱ֮¡
ַֻ˫µͫ׳ǰΨһûжİʴȥȻĿ䣬³һôǰɣսô
н˾޴ĲΣĿյĴս޷ԼƽַЩô˵ǿûԤ뵽ġ
ֹû뵽Щ̧սԼ̨֮ˣҲδ뵽̨Щ˿µ̶ֳȣֻλʾ磬ֻҪˣɱ¾ҩɹʮλʣλʼǿߣԴݿľշѹȥ
뿪֮ʱұ˵ձҩɹծҪڵϣͷ٣ַƽ˵ɫʱ΢Щ죬ƺŭҩɹλǿߣڿͷٴΣǺεȼ̤
ˣ˻һߵĺãǾŴɹ챤򣬶ҩɹפءʿԼƽ˵³в֮⣬ʱյսѳɶ̨֣вǿûг֣ǰľƣʤ
֪һߣͲн֮ˣң뵱߸ϣ֮ʦգ硣ַ֪ʲôǶ࣬Ψʵȥ̤Ųǰ̤ȥͬһ㳯ǰʹðʳ޷ԶĶַ㣬󣬸һ漴ݺݵ֮䣬ҩɹĵϵѪ֮ˣഫй֮꣬ľϵ
ַĮľ֮ͫûа仯Ų̤֮ʱһһգֻ֮֮ѽٶԷǰ׵ıһն˳ȥһǴؽ̺ѹֻоһн٣оϢ
Ȼ⾳δɢȥо۾һʹͬգһ֮նɱʹǶͬʱ˫ֻǧ٣ɱȻȴ潣â֮±Ϸ
صĽ⡢ȵĽ̴棬һɱ֮Ȼ併٣ֽ֮⾳Ƶʹð񶯵ݣŭһճһƬɭ֣ȫ޾Ĺ
ʱֽѾڶ佣⾳һжҪ䡢ͬƻ轵٣ֽ⾳֯һУһжҪݻ٣гֲޱȵĲལĻһжҪʶδüͷԼоԼĲལâ޷԰Ρ
Ȼַȴڴʱֹͣ˼Ųݺм̤£ʱճִأ֮䣬بַͰʵĽ£һַ̣ɱʻڵֿǲϵ֮⾳ַӡ͵Ĵ£¡һ죬ֻ촫Ĺѣֱſ£λǿߣλʵǿȶδﵽַܳܵ
𣡡ʳƮ̧ͷһʵХȴͬ޺㣬ȻӭȴһĽӡֱӼ̤ϣԴ棬ǿҵ¶ķŭ֮⣬˳
Ȼ˿̵δַӡŵ£ΧȺһĻѾоǰһλǿλʣͷ·ֻǸͨͷӰ㣬ַһȥǰϹͷܷܵ
ĹԼҽʵķ˲ɢˣĴɢ·֪˶١
սŰɱȺеһĻַղսʱ򻹿ͣ£дطһմأΪľǼ̤ʣڵϣ̨͸սģŰ˵ģǼ˴˿ҲʰɾҩɹǿˣеĲУŴɹ챤ͳ֮һҩɹƬߣ˸ǣ˿̸˵ĸоȴǴÿ¡
ס֣ڴʱһֲȺɫһֻͬʱǿ߿һǴҩɹǷ򿪸ģҩɹǿ߸ϵˣһǴӴɹһϸǵȻǴɹˣǣɽޣ֮ˣҲɽеһˡ


1821 Ծ
챤У˿챤ıԳӭӹͣߵ⣬㿴泾Яʰɵÿ˵泾챤챤֮
ֲؿ˴ǰŴɹ챤һص̨ȻƬɽϽΧȻҪ˳⺢תת泾ԵĵӣΪ磬Ŵɹ챤˲ٵӣصɻʰ硣
ҶN곽ǣʰǵһ̤֮ģ˶Ҫʱ䣬ʰ츳ҲȷʵûʧѾǳӽλʣ츳ɽҲ࣬ȥʰ֮ǰܹﵽľˣʤࡣ
ҶNΪҲΪϲҶNʰɻЩࡣ
ȷһ̨𣬾˵ǽǰҩɹפأ»һЩơ챤ı΢Ц˵챤Ҳвǰȥص̨Ҳˡ
Ѿ֪˴ΪҶNǺӻҲ˳￴ղ·Ƭ֮ʱҶNѾһɽ֮˹ȥˣҲ˳泾΢Ц˵Ҳû̫⡣
Ȼɽǿ߽٣̨Ȼ¡챤ı˳泾ʵĻ΢Ц¡
ȻֻʱԶһӰߣ泾֮ɫһͣ漴΢΢Ƿ泾
ؿ泾͵ĵ˲̧ͷĿ⿴챤ֻԷڵкµ˵޷
̨ݣѾˣǹˡ˻˵ʹ챤ıɫһˣ
վŴɹ챤СƿȨһλǿѱҹʴߣ֮αװʦػƬ˲Сķƣɻǵôˣ
ַ㣡ʰȿڵ챤ıַûཻ̫ȻǼǵ泾ʵȻҲǵãΪַ㣬Ǽζɥʧ棬ս̨ϵַ㣬˶Լַս챤ʱַƤߣܴ裻һμַǶԷЯҹǿƽ٣ʱҹǿѹ裬ǵá
Σ챤ʵ
̨δǿһȺλʾǿִַ֣˵̨ˣ֪٣ҿ֮󣬱лӦû˼ǰ˱λ챤ĳÿһһ֧飬ǻὫ鱨Ϸر
磬Ҫһˡ泾ʶʰ΢ЦǼһﲻ֪Ŵɹ챤
ǣʦ𡣡ʰ΢΢ͷֻ泾ɫ⣬겻ַȻǿ˰ɣ̣ȻգǸԸʰ磬Լ㲻ˡ

ҩɹפأһĴ֮صգ֮ҩɹĵϵҶNȻҲɽޣ泾Ϊصĵӡ
ҶNЯɽ޵ˣҩɹĲǿ߽٣ЩϢǿᣬȰʵһ˸ǿ󣬿ҩɹ˾Ӣ˿ĺȺߣʱ΢ݣӦв̨Ĵ˰ɡ
ҶNɽ޽Ƭ֮ϣһ߾ʬͬʱַֻṳ̈ڰʵԴϣɵĿ̹ǵâɱҩɹܹ衣
ַ㣡ҶN꣬ս̨ǿƻַܹ㡣
ŲҶN˵
ַֻĿ΢΢תҶNҶNʵҲЯڶλʽ٣ɽĵλ
ں˭˵ַƽ͸żֽ֮⣬ƶҶNмһˡ
ŲšҶNظһȼһŭүүȴַĽŲ̤ڽ£裬оŭա
ڣ졣ַƽĿ˵һһĺâŭַ㣬쵰ָԼɺޣԼɲֻ̣һҪ
תڵͫ׶ҶN·ѹֵŭҪйҶNϡ
ˣӹڵ·һӰͬһǰ񷣬͵ĳҶNȥٶȿ쵽¡
ҶN˫ֻ֮ͫо۾΢ЩʹϹϢţŲ̤ȭâ͵ĺɱȻȴֻоһɨޱȣһС
Сģ˺漴ֻĵһ֮дڵӰһɫӰصԭأõ˫պϣȻҶNȴһƺݺݵ˦˳ȥϳһ޴ӡֻоԴ΢Щ£ƺûдзӦ
ǽӰȺڣÿµٶȣղǿ˽Ӱ˫ͫޱߵһޡ
̫ڣ΢΢ţ걾ܿһ̫
ҶNɽޣһ˦˳ȥֱӱ죬ֻվϻʹоױȵĳ֮⣬һУһжӲס
ֻʱַ㿴˲мûж˵һ仰ֻǺƽĽĿת̤ڵϵİʣŲ΢΢Ųֵ̨ǰֵܵ˴ʦߵ٣ˡ
ҩɹɽΪУЩҩɹǿ͸ǿҵĺ⣬ϿϢţȻַ۾ûת徾ţԷеϣ֮ɫַЦĵָܾ㣬죬û㡣
㣬ֻЩɽȽַǴ˿̶ŭˣǵ˦ҶN⣬ɽô
ʲôƨ̨³Щ˵
ɽ֮ˡֻһλʾǿ˵ɽҵô
ַ㣬ɽǿ𣿡̨ʵַعͷ̨΢Ц£ƺΪǿ
һǷôɽԴ衣ȺַĻ΢ֻЩɽӰȽͬʱһߣҩɹǿҲַѹ˹ȥʱֲķ籩ʼӡ
ʿһĻȼϣַֻĽٶȺݺݵһ̤ҽصڿա
ңҩɹǿ߿ֲϢַշѹȥͬʱڡĪϧ̨ڶΧַܱߣһȺλʣһȺλǿߡ
ǰһߣɱ⣡ַͫжȻһâҩɹĻɽģɱ⡣
ɽЩ̨֮ˣɱ⣡ɽҲŭˣ͸ǿʢµɱٶȳǰ̤˳ȥʱɿֲķ籩ײɱ·۳һɿµ˳


1822 
Ŵɹ챤ƬƿߣȻ֮ˣʵΪɽ̨񲻽Ըҩɹɽ֮Ҳ裬ΪߣЩɽֳܵ裬˿̶ŭˡ
Ŀ⳯մս֮ȥɽޣѾֱӴɱ̨֮ˣȻЩս⣬û˶֣Ŵɹ챤ˣɻڹ̨Ű裬ǵĵڡ
ɽַԷĻ¶һĨ֮ɫӽƬɲɽܡ
֮ʱĽŲٶϺݺݵļ̤£ʹöԷһϹͷȫˣſڵ£Ȼȴֿɱǣ˫ǵĿ⿴ַ㣬ʹ֮УһЩ䡣
յĳʱַǰҩĹ£ʵıȴûдҩʹ߷ȥʱϱһӰδۿһۣȻڣվǰݺݵĽ̤ڽ£޳Īǰζ뵽ôһ죬ң˵Ŀ졣
ʦ֮ܣհٱַ֮Ľٶȼ̤£ʷ֮۽һỺʶ£ƣǧأн֮ɾͣ߳ƣ۾һηƿɱȨ
һ֮ȴ³˸еɱ£ʹǰ֮ʱεȱ΢ڵʱԣںһλ
Լеɱ˿һλλǿŰɱΪеɱ̾һ챤Ⱥ֮Уʺֻой֮⣬һ·Ҫ֮УôЩУձĴ׷ɱ꣬Ѿȵزô
ַ⣬ֺգһʱǷ绪̨ʮһ״ӣС磬УҲҪһɷơ
еȴսֻֽءշҫ죬ϵݿ࣬ϱõǿṥ˴ֲΪǿڣ̫ȼһС̨䶼սݣʨŭ񷣬ŶѹǬĪϧڤȴ͸źȻ֮Ϣ޲ˣڤܽ˻Ķɱ
һȺԺδ˷޲и̾Щ˵սֱ˺ա
ֻʱַһʱϺսյгսŲȻսȴδڶַֻʱʥҫ֮²ݣս֣ʱ֮УһɸӵĿѹ
λֵܡַ㺰һʱ˷ǳĬλãֺջûǧƬհУ̨;ĪϧϷأ޾ʨԼµڤ֯һĻ¿շԼأͷӴޱȵޱ֣˭̤벽
ɱȥֻһɽǿߺһֻоַǱпֲ¹Щһַ̫˽ˣַ㺰ʱǾôʼա
ˣַһϺսбǧսշѹ桢֮ʹÿһսӵпµĻ
ͬʱƬص̨˿ʼµ޾Ĵݻͬʱмնɱȥֻ֮ӣǧӡɱȥڤ֮գʨڶ¡
Ҫ𣡡˿һĻͷݺݵĳ鴤£ĲսշѹϣһƬ嫵ؿռŰշһǿߵ
һɹɷɢ漴ֻŭ𣬾ҪݣȻ̨֮Źֽ֮˲ֻأıֻصΰ
Ƭ񷶼һƬǽ壬һʤѾģմϵİЩҩɹǿߡɽޣݣȻҪЩ̨ҪƷŴɹ챤ô
뱤١ǰ³һ΢ĺ¿֮ػҩɹڣǲսʸûУʵԣߵսźܿҩɹǱҲõϢ
̨֮ʵǿᵽ˵زŴɹ챤ǵȷ޷ƵˡаţȻЩɻ̨ƾʲôſ˵ʵܿ£ȻҪƬǲܵģϾǵûܹλʵǿߴڣң̨ɽˡ
泾Яʰ罵֮ʱߵսպѾˣɽ޻ҩɹǿߣеĲУֻҪ̨Ը⣬Խȫɱ
ʱ̨˶ѾڵأҩɹİʱǿŹڵϣ޾֮У˿̣ᵽһǺεȵ衣
ϡ泾֮ʱЩŵɽߣҶNŵʦһҪնɱɾɽλʦ֣ȫɱˡ
泾纮˪ɫû뵽Լ֮ʱǲҰܣɽޣ˲ء
ھŴɹ챤ɽΪ׵һȺλʾˣɽɱңɽ㡣
ҹģ泾Įʵ
ҹҹ٣Ҫϴһͬɥ֮Ȯ㡣ַ¶һĨ֮Ц¶泾˰̡
泾գȷûҹڣ¶һĨ̵ɫ
ǿţڸһ·ߣֻƾʵͰһսʤЩˣҿѡڣǰܣɱɽ֮ˣ
泾¿յˣȻΪЩַ󷨲ȡô˴սʤģһȺλʵ꣬ʷǷʵҲޡ
泾֮Ըַᣬʰַһս֤յԼʰսĺܣλʶѾһսˡ
ڵ⣬һԵ֮صλʣô˵
ǲ֪϶ɫкâ˸ʹ泾ͫױ䣬ȥÿСӣҹλ󱲣
ҹ󱲣ɫл֮âĮ³һҲʸʻ
ڵİԵ֮ʹ泾ɫһɽλǿߣһλλʵδţͷһ
ַȴ¶һĨЦ֮е泾϶֪վǰһЩʲô˵λʣҪŶ۸ô˵
ַֻǰ建ڿգ泾ĵӺս泾Ϲ濴Լ
˶ЩˣЩһһ˵ǿûб߼ʣڶ泾˵ûʸʻֱַ泾ϹЩ꣬ǹŹֵĺܡ
˴ʱҲһǲյԼԣҲµӣַЦ͸ż֮Ϣʹ泾ʰԶŭַʰ磬λͬսȴõ֣


1823 վ
泾ҪԸͷˡȺ˵ַսǿУʰ泾Ҳַ֡
ȻֵǣʱȻû˳泾һҶNԼЩ˵ɽ޶û泾
Щһǹ泾ʺַ㰡ԶȺ뵽ʰ类ַŰɱɽἤŭ泾ַھ͸ˡ
ַֻӰǰУĿ⿴ʰ磬ɫƽƮ
ʰĽŲ̤ͬ˳ȥ͸ŷâղַĻԣĪ裬泾⽫ʰںεء
ʰ磬˵泾Ϲ±ɣΪĵӺⳡսԼȻұⲢ㣬սˡַ㿴ʰƽ˵ʹʰɫ䣺Բѣ𳤱ʰձҪѵһ
泾ַ㲻ϹֳɱӣΣҪַڴˡ
ֲĿռ䷨ʰֻ̤ʱƳһӰʰӰͬʱַɱȥչһµĿռУʹȺ΢΢£ʰʵȻһжͽˡ
ַֻϷܿ죬֮ף׺ħףС
մңַܹ˿ռ籩ֻһӰ٣Ȼ䣬ֲȭâַϣһ̳ǿʢսɱµɱַϵ˲ַֻǰʰӰ֣ȭâಿλŰ
ַƺһֻоһ˺ѵշɱ͸嵱УȻܿ죬ַ㽫ɷѹסĿ⿴ǰʰ磬¶һĨõЦݣһĻЦʰУȴͬ·˪ǰ㺮䡣
۷ַͨϵʱַȴ˵Ц֪˿ʰжôĴʹ
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ϧһϹܹ޵ǿʵ
˵գַ˦˳ȥʰ屻շοˣȻһӰΣݺݵ˦ʰϣ˦˳ȥ
ʼգַֻǱʰ֮ʱ΢΢Ӷѡ
泾ʿһĻɫ΢ЩӲԼ
Լ˿ͬһЦ㣬ĵʰ磬ͲһСӵ
泾ϹҿԼϱȽϺáַɫһ֮ɫʹ泾ͫ£Ⱥ޲еͷ΢ַ㣬ս泾
ȻѰ·泾ʹɱⲻǰİࡣ泾ɱ֮ͷţ䣬ΪģճһƬ籩
ҼȻ˵ϹԼϣҲΪԼʲôֵĽڣ챤ʱϹλʾ磬ȴȥ·ԷΪô磬ʱҿɻֻ侳磬һλʣԸһλ䡣
ַǵЦݳ˷ζľ׳֣泾ǴεأǳҪ
泾ɱȣ𣬶ȺŴɹ챤֣֮Щ̨ȫΧһ׼롣
泾ʵĻоһĲ泾ǳ׵ĶŭˣҪɱ̨һ׼Ź
ӽ𣬾Ŵɹ챤򣬽̨ƶ˵ҳֶԸַ̨ԣšַԵޱߵʹȺеĲҳֵˣš
Щ̨ж¶âǸоԼ̨һİ㡣
ڣЩֻ̨֮Ҫڷʡʹ̨ɽԲƽϡ泾Ŀɨ¿̨İȺ˵ʹЩɫһڵˣҪܻܿɽΪС
ǽַǵıʵʹĳȣѪڣ̫ǿˣڴгһճΪַǵеһԱӵս泾ʵĻͬˮͷ̹ǣɽΪУǳܵ
̨˲ǿ뿪̨֮ˣҾƽϣ⡣ַƽ˵̨ˣԺҪŽ̨Ҳлᣬ뿪֮ˣַκε֮⣬˷Դ
һЩǲ֮˿ʼҡ漴ֻһ˸ȥ뿪ˣܿ죬½˿ʼȥʱһ뿪̨ӪϾɽƬƿ̫ٹˣû˸Υ
̨֮սǿƿظֹž飬е۾ڣǿͨһɳ̨кɽ뿪½ûֻᡣЩǼͣǳ󵨣ҪһĿ͸ż֮ɫĿ⿴յеַ㣬жˣ׳־̨
գ̨̨֮ȥַĿһɨǱߣɫƽޱȣٶƽڣȥ֮ˣ̨֮ˣˣȥ̨֮ÿһȫƷŻʾ
¿֮˻ͷϲȫͻƷŻʾôɣɽô˵
Щ̨֮ǸоޱȾᣬоԼ·ʲô㣬ˣпַ֮
ַ㵱Ȼȱ͹žŶԼʥݣĨ˾㲻٣кܶ˶ĸûһЩرģȫˣһѣڹž˵ÿ˶Ҫһž飬ЩֻҪʺϣͬһž顣
Ŵɹ챤ˣûҵĻô泾ɨԶ䣬һҹ٣Ŵɹ챤ȫ뿪ַﴴ̨Ǿֲ棬̨ɱΪǾŴɹ챤Լ飬д
챤Ը泾һֻ֮ԶһӰȻ챤ıһȺǿߵˡ
ַâɨӶȥⱬ
챤ҲлʼҵĻʹ챤ʼƺϺ˵ĽɫȻʰѩȴɱең챤ҲСƿȨ⣬ַЯҹס챤פصʱ˴ɱַһֱ챤µ֣һַĸоһֱڰŻ
챤Ȼվˣվɽһߣ챤һվǸ泾ӡ
챤ıȻվɣڲǰʰһǳҪϢɽУһε۹ˣɽϣΪʰ֪Ѿ̤ۼƬݺˣҹҲǲַĺ̨˭һΣַǣҪٲҰܡ
ۣһλۡһλֻۣԺ޾


1824 ս泾
ˬ죬泾ģɽԻס⣬Ŵɹ챤ˣڣ泾Į˵һϴξŴɹ챤ıװ֪ҹ٣ºûмƽϣϾҲĶǣȻһΣɻȥЩˣҪѡˡ
գ˭磬ô֮Ƭ˭ӵоԵƿȨ
Ŵɹ챤˵Ȼһ㣬泾ȫԶַˣûУڵȣȾŴɹ챤
ԶһӰŲ̤ʱ챤֮˷׷ɫǵıˡ
챤ȻԸɽ̨챤ıڣ͸Į֮⣬ַ챤֮Ĺϵַǣ챤ûתأңɽʽһϵʱܴϾЩ챤ѾԵЩˣձַôһ֣ʧأʧȥ˶СƿȨ
̨֮ˣնû뿪ˡҩɹķһλǿ߼٣ʱȺֻоͷ΢΢鴤ټ泾λλʼǿߣ̨ǼΪҪһˡ
Щûѡ뿪̨˶΢Щҡ־棬̫ˡ
ܺá泾¶һĨЦλȻ泾㲻ǿˡ
泾ʵĻ챤λжЦ¹ɽ
Ӵ֮󣬾Ŵɹ챤챤챤Լҩɹڡַ䣬Ŀֱա
żһ̡泾ʱ˵漴ֻһʱֲַĻ۶ɣϿ֮أһ޴ޱȵĽɫӡնڵס·ûƬ졣
ѹ泾һʱ·ַѹ£ַվ棬оһɿµѹޱȵѹ֣λʾǿߣ׿ɵ۳ɹλʾĲ࣬ͬһ޿Խĺ蹵
âҫĿֻһޱȳȵ̫֮貵Ĺʣ·ƬնַУְ˱̫֣ͬһ̫
͵ĻӶʱһ̫Ͽըѹȥ¡һµı촫ޱ߾޴ӡַ񷣬ְֳ˱ֵ̫ͬһ̫㡣
С泾ַͫеİ˱ַ̫֣ĵоȻӵе۱
챤λҲַ㣬۱ǾŴɹ챤ǵж֮⣬ȼıǶַܼ㣬Ȼһ
û۱ҪôַЦ˵âҫַֻĽ³һ޴ޱȵ̣Ȼ̣ڿգַŲ̤֮ϣʱ޴̶֮ϣ·һööӣڲϵ䶯š
ѵǵ۱ģ泾˶̣а֮вǿµϢ޷Ʋ̵ļ
۱ҵġ泾â˸ַ㼴ӵе۱Σľ磬ܹӳ۱֮
ɱ泾˫ֲʱַϿշ·һɽϴշѹ£ַ㣬ַ淨˱ֵ̫Уʱ˱ֳ̫˾ſҫ۵̫̺֮ѹ
ַ͵˦¡¡Ŀ֮ϣеһɽѣ泾Ųǰ̤ص̺һɳޱȵѹ·ƬնҪѹͬʱſµշС
ˣ泾ַ㣬ʱһޱȿµķѹϣоԼſµѹλʾǿ߸ѹλʲ֪١
ˣ泾Ųٶһ̤̼䣬ַоԼѪⶼҪ̵ǧٿףϵκһλˣҪ׵ѹ
ϴҵɣַſǹɷµѹȫ£Ŀ͸žķâ
ڣֻ泾һַַ̤ϵѹԽĿ£泾ֱӶַĳһһͬɫչַɱܽ䱬ѡ
ãַŲݺݵһ̤棬ʱâң˲죬泾˸Уһ̣ڻе泾ֻоƬȫַӰӡ
ܹ˲󷨣泾ɫһ͵Ĵһ޼᲻ݵĽ֮ŻȥȻȴȻ俴һ̫ɱ¡һը죬ǵַסͬʱ泾Ľ£һ·֯µ֮ʹ泾嶸ȻڿգŲ̤գʱ³һƬɫأ赲
䣡Ͽգ޾ɫ׹ûأ׵׹ȫշѹɱһַӰ
泾Ƴʱһ֮ţ޾赲¡¡ı֮ݣһǿʢΣȻ併٣泾ֻһλһַӰŵ̫ɱ˹ЩĿϾӡ
ô泾Į³һٶţ泾¿գַӰʹ泾ɫѿַ㣬Ѿǵˡ
泾˿ЩƣϧûһĻϼ߼Ļûʲôá
湥Χ˶ڻУ泾󷨵ĻᶼûУ񱩵Ĺȫϣ泾зĳ嶯
ɱȻ䣬泾ü֮УһĽɫâɱַ幥ȥʹַ£ַ΢ף깥ܴݻ꣬泾ΪλǿߣȻҪǿᡣ
ַһʱַ·̼ӡ˻þ֮У泾ɫѿ֮Уơ
泾ҪԷΪգұΪһ֮Ӱ潵٣ʹ泾ͫ漴泾ַֻ֮Ӱʹɫѿȫַ
泾ɫĮˣֳֵ۱Ӧй
Ȼֻʱ۱ͬʱǿĹͬʱ¿յַ̤ʱǵصĹٶȳ泾ɱȥ
ߣ泾ЦһһصĽף漴͵һȻֱӳ¿յַɱ˹ȥַ㣬һĨɱȻ泾ɱȥͬʱӶǿʢĹλ
泾һʱ¿յַշסյַɫѿ
ɣ泾ŭһһɫӡѹ£޼᲻ݣɱ˹ȥ
𣡡¿յַһͷţףϺսڣ¿պɱȥȻ˿̵泾ݿ࣬һҪնַ㣬ʱ򣬰֮صһַӰҲ泾
ȥ泾η壬¿յַͷŷԼǿĹһһ
ɱȻʱ泾һַӰ³һ֮շѹɱʹ泾ɫ΢䣬ôҲ߱ǿĹ
泾бȵ³ɫӡͬʱѾѹȥϿգʱ泾Ҳֻ࣬һַӰоŽٹ⣬ȻɽâŶʹ泾ëȻ֮УƤëէ
ã泾ת壬Ҫ룬Ȼʱһٹӡϣټ𣬴ݻһУɫѣ泾ɫ䣬һλһ֮ȭɱϣʹڶ


1825 Ҳԩ
ôѵִ۱Ӱ֮һֻ߸ֹӵй泾˿ɫ԰ףټĻ嵱ŰħΨлԵ
ַһ֣λܵȵ泾лػ֮ٲħѹȫŶʹ泾嶼ڵħâҫ
ɱ泾ʸо嶼ҪѣХһɱԵַ
ȻʱϿһֲϣʹݺݵĳ鴤£۵ķɢȥ·Ҫ
ҪҪôѡַѪ³һǿٶȺݺݵĺҶһֲӡϺ泾ϣʹ泾Ѫ³
泾ͬ˰㣬ֲţַ㣬ֱӳַȥ
ַһȭͷֱӺ泾Դϣʹ泾Ƕ·Ҫһֲѹַɫâ¶泾Ҫ塣
һ壬ӴûλַĮвһʱǹɿֲ泾˿ܵشǻ壬ַĨ壬ĻͳĴˣΪ»꣬ɢ߶
ģһֻǷΪѣҪɱ㣬Ҳطô󹤷򡣡̶ַһ泾ϣݻ泾ڵһо˵ʵΪ˴һԼֱ֮泾統УԷķʧȥЧãսӼ򵥡
ʱ֮⣬˵ĿⶼĶ֮ϵĻ浽ս˺־أΪλûг
ʱֻ󽥽ɢľƺģʼڣӰȺߵУȴǵĺݺݵĳ鴤¡
ֻʱ泾ʵ̱ڵϣ·û˹ͷ㣬ַ̤ϣĿɨգһ̣˵ҿڡ
泾ʣȻˣҰףֻоͷ鴤ַ㣬һλֻ侳λʣŰɱɽλǿ泾
¿յ֮ϣ̨֮˫ȭգ죬Ƿ֣ԼѡƺǶԵģַ㣬ɱλǿߣȻսʤ֮ս˲
Ŵɹ챤Ⱥֻо΢Щ䣬ַĻƺֻһ򵥵вѣ˭̨ΪУ˭Ƭ
ַսʤ泾ܹԸŴɹ챤ı
ϲԼַ̤ղžȻԼĵӺַսЦһеƽ̨³ģ̨ͬһսĽַ֣㣬սʤλǿߣһֿԽ˵λǿ߸޷ʥݵᲢۣ󾳽Ĳֲ̫ˣ
ԳɡһҲĿɿڴζû뵽ַǿƹʵֲ㾳أѹָɱ
ſ泾ֻ챤ĺһλͬʱѹǰɱ֮ͷţĿַ㣬ӲһҪɱַ㡣
ղַѾŻԸ̨ˣѾѡվַ棬һûѡ
ˣӹĪϧԼڵ嶯ַܣһĻʹɫһ⼸˾Ȼ֣ѵҲжԸλʵɣ
ڴʱһХյУֻ̫֮һ̫ȻȺߵС
ڣı壬Ȼǽ񣡡ȺַԵȻҫĿ֮ı֮תֻڵͷϿգһޱȵ̫ʹڣ֣һޱȿµѹڵͫɨλʱĶ΢΢¡
һ۱ңַǼ˱ֻ̫Ҫµĵ۱̫רá
Īϧԣâ˸£һɿµĺڤ֮¶ܵոһڤ˪һɿڤϢھĪϧУһìڤì·̺
ֻ˿ԡںɫ⻪֮У죬ֻϣһµĺ£ޱȵ֮û֪кãֻǸһ£·ܹĿ¡
꣬е۱֣հ˭档
ǵʲôˣַ㣬Ĺ泾˿̵Ȼ֪ЩԾˣ۱ȫǵ۱ûۼǿԳֲôǿʢ۱˸ʣϵϢ£ڡжϵ֮壬оĪϧкȻţǣӦͬһ
㻹ûʸ֪ڵ;޴˫ޱߵķӴ泾ͫ׵Уڶ泾˵泾֪ʸûУһ˶û̫⣬˿̣ȴû˸仰챤챤Լҩɹλо˿˿Ծ
̫ڣͿԲαװġ
ҹǳҹ
ڸǹȥĻᣬϴɾӣ𡣡ַλ³һ֮ʹɫһɫޱѿȥ
ڿսĻλλǿߣַղѾ泾ʣɲ⣬ԶԸеһˣԼҲ࣬ǲһֵܹñˣ٣ɱַ㣬²ܡ
ɽλۣһսֵã⣬ɽ챤ıлԾַĮ泾ʷˡ
кãһǴȥɽӽŴɹ챤Ĺ򣬽̨ƶɲɽϽַԵڣ漴ݺݵĽ泾˳ȥֻ챤һ泾ʴߣֻ˿̵泾Ѿ΢еɱ֮ȴҪַ֮أе۱Σ۽٣ַǿҲҪ۱ۻȤġ
ǻ𣿡ַɨ챤ˣʱԷһӰȥţ챤ҩɹˣȫ뿪ˣΨ˻ڣһȺ꣬Щؽ߳ƣء
ôɱǣĿַ㣬Ѿս׼ַ㾹Ȼս
ʲôûսĻǹȥȥɱǸáַӦ漴Ӱ˸ٶȽٵ֮ϣҩɹİǰ㿴ҩɹ˾ôȥˣ㻹ϣ𣿡
¶һĨŨŨıַղ泾ʶʰˣ泾ʺһңԼԵһȺʲôҲĲԩˣ


1826 ûѡ
Ϣ΢Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ڵռȻ֣֮ԹȻ֮ʣܷңȺ˵״Ӻζס
ַŰ泾깲۱ףַҹô򵥣ҹдۼǿߣҹĴҹɲ⣬վֻǴۣṳ̂۵ļҹóôǿ۱ǽЩꡣ
½֪٣Ǻεأַվڰǰͷ΢Ӱƽʵ
½֮ϣʮ֮ǣʮ֮ǵУΪҪ֮ǣӵиֲֿЩǿ߼֮ʥǵۣΪʥۣ˵ΪҪ֮ǵУһЩѧԺЩѧԺֻ󷲴߳ܳΪһǿߣЩ½߳Ƶ󶼳ЩѧԺ֮Уұٹʮ꣬ȥƬ磬ϧϣ
͸һĨı֮⣬ǧʱ⣬ƣʱⶼɽżҲһЩĴ½ǿƣ·棬ھŴɹ챤ԳΪһưԣ棬ȴֻйԴˣȻλ֮Ѿ꣬ʮ֮󣬳ȥ¡
ĵطղ˵ĵطĿˡַ˵΢лȻһâĿһַ㣬ֿһǣ漴¶һĨЦ⣺ԭˣҵȷĿˡ
̨ʱַڣʱһӰ˸ȥȺ̨̣֮ɫ죬Ȼյ𺳣ȴþδɢֲԶǽյһĻλ֮Űɱλʣ۱֣Ҳֹһ˴ɽ̨ܲô˭Ҳ޷赲̨𣬿¾Ҫַͬ˵Ӵ֮󣬾Ŵɹ챤̨Ϊ
ʵıϣûԲöҩɹȥΪһ˹ңк塣
Ȼһ˲δ뿪ֻ̨Ӱ֮ϣĿɨЩѳ̨֮ˣͫ͸űŰ֮⣬˵ַ˵ˡǣȻҿûôȣкǫ̂Σ뿪˱֮£
̨ʹЩɫһж¶һĨɫ漴ֻ̨ϷžĹ·ÿһڱѣÿһⶼը㡣
һʨأֻ̨һֲʨӰжȻžϣ
пֲ޾ʨڷڣأ¡¡Ŀ֮漴ȺֻЩӰһ屬ѣ·շѹɷ顣
ߣûˡ̨һ漴̤ȥ˶뿪ӰͷЩһȻֻûһƲ磬Ǿ
ַ˻ع̨Ȼ˿̾Ŵɹ챤ȴƬ֮ǣе˶Χͬһ⣬̨
̨һգ챤У챤Ѿ泾֪ͨɽɽ̨һУе۱ȫţ۲ԸܾŴɹ챤£ǵ۱۲ûȤҴ»ϵɽ档
챤ҩɹȫʵ·ǿ߻ع챤ԼҩɹУԷַʱܷĹǴ˿Ҫľǵȴ۽٣̨
ʱ̨֮УһӰһǵĿľȻ챤Ҳ챤ҩɹǣɹ
ַЯǷ֮ٴɹ֮ʱʱɹٴУƶԴû˸赲ַǰУǶף泾ʶַУɹɹ֮⣬ûеڶַ档
ַ㣬ɹһ޴˹ٴɹÿһ䣬ܿ죬ֻһɹУһӰڿնվַǧ֮⣬Ϊһɫַۣ΢Ц˵ַӢܣҴɹ֪кδͽ̡
ԣŴɹ챤򣬴Ӵ֮󣬽챤챤Լҩɹ⣬Ƭ򣬽̨ƶɽϽɹ񣿡ַʣȻƽ̺İԵǿôɹȺ㶼ɫһɫΪѿ
ַЯ泾ҩɹ֮ƽɹֱԴӴƬ̨Ϊ𣬴ɹ
ҴɹǷСɹĹ΢Ц˵Ȳͬ⡢Ҳܾɽַ֮ʤδڱɲǡ
ǷУַ͸Цô
뿪Ƭ֮ʱϡǵôɹҵĽɱҲǰӣɹᣬȴҲǷУЩЦôַĮ˵һڣֻһ䣬ɹ񣿡
ַ˵գâ˸ַ̳Ľ£ǧӷ·˸ҫ֮⣬ʹôɹ޲ͷ΢ΣɹڲѡַҪɹ
ɹɫΪÿַǿƵѾԵвˣŴɹ챤Ψ̨𣬲
̨ӵʵƬҴɹȻԸ̨Ϊ𡣡ɹڵΪû⣬Ȼ̨ʵزС
Ǳ㲻Ҫˣڣҵһʱ䣬빬Դɹǿߣ챤ַĮڣʹôɹɫһȻ߲ƣַ㾹ȻҪԼ챤սһǴɹѡ
ҵĻֻһʱ䡣ַƺĴɹףظһ
Ȼ˵ұλһˡɹ˵漴˻֣ʱֻһдɹǿ߹ڿգЩȺУַХӰ
ַֻĿ⿴һۣʹХɫһֱַ˫۾ңСΪͷǿշѹַ㣬ַ㲻ǰַһĿ⣬Ĳ
ַ΢΢һĨ̵ЦûмХЦʹХ˫ȭգͷȻȴ޿κΣַѾмһˣ֤ʲôӡ֤Ǿ仰ַǰѾˣյǿշѹַ㣬ַмһˣָͬһӼ䡣
λɡַ㿴ɹǿ߻ۣ漴Įڣʱһ˹ƿգ챤
ʱ챤ԵЩѹַ֣ŶʵǸоͬһɽѹһ嫱ݵϿգޱȣ޷Ϣ
챤֮У챤ıֵһʵ˵Ƿ
ʱҴ泾Ѿ˵ۣ·;֮У뱤ɷģֻǿǰ챤ףʵ֮󣬱㾲۽ٱˡ·֮˻ڣ챤Ϊ˴£ֹ̨ͻϮƣ


1827 ׽
챤챤֮аַǵĿսɱ챤챤ȷ޷мܣֲл֣֮ǰ챤ǿ߻һǺð취Ȼ챤嫹ѵĽ˶ȥ챤ɽ̨챤ҲҪŴɹ챤֮˳ЦƬ֮һ챤̨ŵȫ뿪
̨˼Ƚ챤ֻҪ˲ڣַҲҶ챤Ρ챤֮ٴο˵ʹ챤ɫ˸£ԷڰҳĽء
˵Ķԣ챤Ӣ֮ˣһ𣬳ǰ챤챤˵ʱ֮˻⣬ȥۼ˳˾ӢǿߣΪϵѪˡ
ʱȺۣ챤һӰȥ챤
뿪һʱַ֮Яǿ֮ƹٶյУϢ£ʱ챤еѹյ˼£ַ̨֮ˣˡ
ַ̤֮Уֱӽ챤뱤ݣ¿պȵ̨ˡɹݷ챤
û˻ӦֻһӰ棬̧ͷյַ˺챤֮ǰ챤һ̨λ£ֱǰ챤ݷұ
ˣ̨¶һĨŹֵɫȵʲô챤֮ɳܡ
ַɫһ⣬֮˵֮ˣԷֻоһ·֮ͫϮ⣬ܰᡣ
ַͫ״͸˿ռ䣬⽵٣¿֮˶ʱң£֮ˣ־̫
ַ㣬δ̫ûˡʱֻüӰ֣һĮڡ
챤С֮˵ʱôû֣ǱȥˣǣΪ챤ڣַͫױ䣬챤Ŵɹ챤ȦǵԳɱɱˣǿʳ̭ߣǿߣȻƣʹǳΪ챤ܣʱ⣬С类챤Ȧţͬǳ裬ŪɥжɥʧɣԵʻᣬԳǣһЩΪūȺеһԱ
ܹ룬챤ãȽϺáַĿ΢΢תɹĹʹܹɫĮַ㣬Ҫĺ·
áܹ˻֣һɱŴɹǿ֮ˣɱ⡢֮ˣϵΪݻ챤
ܹȻݡַͫһ漴ɹɱȥ챤ĩս١
ַ㣬ˡֱԣ챤ĺ¶ѾˣǱսپ漴ǰ챤ɱɹĹ˵ȻˣҪնɱնݳ챤ܹвɹ˶ҪĨ
ַ΢Ц£Ȼ׶Է뷨
ͬʱҩɹҲżƵһĻɱ¾ȴǴɹˣҲ̨ˣǣ˾챤ˣַô˾챤ԣһЩ̨ǿ߿ɹʱ򣬺оĪϧһ˽˾챤вͬѡ񣬵ʱ˾챤ıαװҩɹٿƵĴ㣬Ȼҩɹ֮ӢѾˣΣֻѡһ޷ͷ·а̨ĺȻ˾챤Ҳ޷뵽һУŴɹ챤ƺֻҪַгԹ˽ȥ
һжĻ֮գһеһУնָ챤ķ챤ҩɹѾĿ꣬һǵˣжޱ𺳣̨Ķˣ֮Ƴ챤һľս
Ӱϸ챤̨ɹ˾챤Ҳ챤
˽֮ʱ챤Ͽ֮أ˫ʴţ챤˺ҩɹ˶Ŀ죬ĶŶȺѾ֪˻Ϣ챤ҩɹıݻˡ
ɹ˾챤Ǻúݡ챤ҩɹǿ߶Ŀѣɱ£ǵõϢǣ̨δ˵δɹ˾챤˲̵ľ׵׵Ĵݻ٣նݳ
ʶʱΪܣԺƬ̨Ϊ̨Ȼַƽڣʹôɹ˾챤аǿɲԸ˻ˮȻַǰвȣǱѡ޻ͷ·
ַ㣬Ѿ٣ǵڣѽ챤͸ɱ⣬ַ㲻мڣȻˣǱ۽֮ǰǣɹ˾챤̨
ַ㻰£ʱϿֲϢ·ǰѹֵյȼ̼֮䣬յкɨһеĿϢĶԾһ
ɱַ㽣ָɱ죬ɹ˾챤ɱ˳ȥ챤챤ԼҩɹҲɱ˳ȥЩУ챤ҩɹɱǿ·޲ýɹ˾챤ɱ
֮սԶ֮ͫһսǻ֮ս
ǣֲսʱ򣬴ɹ˾챤˺ȻַͷǿϢȻվԭûжַ㣬̨ˣһûжôվյпš
ˣ˿ȫַ㣬ûãǸ޷ˣ챤ҩɹͬ˰ɱǣǷ̨ûвս֮󣬸Ƿǿͼڶʱѹݻٴɹ˾챤ˡ
̨úݣþŴɹ챤ɱս̨֮ΪӮңǼûвս¶ҪЩûвսļƺַǵñȽٵ
ʿʼ䣬ֲķʼɢȥȺŲҵĴսеһĿģʱַڶˣֻ̹ŶϷŴ󣬷·ҪƬնгְ˱̫֣˿ҫĿ̫֮֡
Īϧֳڤì֣һλڻ壬ͷ̫ʹڣһλɫ³ۣϷգ¿ЦţСһϲûʲôˣֻҪԱ߿űá
ֵһλλǿҲظλ·ڽƬȫҪ
ַŲ̤֮ϣâ貣ӣ޾ӣ·ݻʼ쵽սȺ¿գʹ޲ľ
ַһ̤˳ȥ֮ţȻĳһλһɱ˲񷣬һɱ챤ǿߣ죬׽ӽƬƿȨΨ̨


1828 ǿ
Զ˿Ŵ˴ȵĴսȻһΣŴɹ챤ĸҪ׸ıˡ
սˣӵоŴɹ챤Ź֮壬ټ̨ǿƣɱ죬챤Ͽ֮ȫս֣˲ϣⳡ֮սûΨսʤԷɱԷ֮ء
̨˿ʼֳֵַ֣۱ɱϣÿһγ֣նһˣʹǿ䲻ϡ
Īϧ˳ֲ飬ڤ֮ìǧڤ֮ìշأ֮ڤ죬˭ɱ˭
ⳡսѺͻԵģɹ˾챤޷԰ΣΨսķߣ̨֮ˣ·Ϊ֮ˣֻҪոЩǿɣַǼֳֵ˭ǣ챤λǿҪֳ˶Ըɹ˾챤Ĺʣһ˸ɱַǣΧˣڣֻۡ
泾վ챤һ֮ϣеĴսɫأ˸̨úݵֶΣҪŴɹ챤ƶµĹ
ϾҪ٣ʱ򣬱ڡ泾ʼ㱻ϣȻ͸ɱ⣬·Ҫַء
һ䣬泾ʶоĲôǿߺ֮ѣȴͬݽ㣬ڴˡ
˿̣֮ϣƲغХƷӿţһɿµµѹȻ֮Ͽ֮أʹս֮޲Ĳ
ͣ£һ˴֮£ӰƽȻȴ͸һĨɵǿϣս˾ȻĲԼֹͬͣսĿ̧ͷ񷣬챤һ֮˶¶˿ϲɫ۽٣һ۽٣̨ǣˡ
ۣ泾Ҳ¶һĨɫڵʱ泾ݺ֮У·Ҫȥ˫óָֻۣΪɱַ㣬ɨ̨
ֻյУһӰ֣Ӱ·⣬ȻȴȺеһͷһλˣǳᣬĿ񵽸Կ֮Уۣų࣬Ϊ˿¾أϻͯ
һȵַĿⶢеӰ漴ֻɨִַ۱֮ˣĿĮ̨֮ˣվ˵
ַӰڿն𣬽ְֳ̤̣˱̫֣գĿƽĿ֮ӰȻ䣬һɿֲѹϣʹ·ڲʱܱԷĨȥ㡣
ʹַüͷ΢壬ɫ磬âɨ
ļһۣ񡣡͸ż⣬ѹǿҡ
һѡַĮڣʹһ·޾ա
񣡡һʱһɿѹַȥַֻһ˱̫ϰ˿ҫĿ̫֮գعַڿն𣬾ȻվͬһλãĿƽӶԷ
Ȼ㵽ˣұһӽƬɽ޹أ̨סַǺܴȴܹĴ˶УʹȺĺݺݵĲһ𣬸˵
泾ʶַ㣬ַ㣬Ѱ·
ȻҲδԤϵַ˶˵ƽ΢΢£漴ͫâ˸֪Լں˭˵𣿡
̸ַһŲһ̤ʱ֮ӿ֮⣬ûһУͬʱ˱̫͵նɱӰȥһ궸Ȼ䱻漴̫⽵٣ʹɫ΢Ťַ㣬
¡һ죬һ걻ʹ鴤۵궼ۣһѾ޷òˡ
ˣԶնһηɫ䣬޾µϢѹȶʹɫò۱Ҫˡ
ȻֻǹƬ̣һӰ٣Ȼ۱ֻһƺգַǰǿɱ
һ̣ڵӰȫַߣַսǿȻĴ۱ɲս֮
˵ˣҪô̸â˸ֻһʱַϰһɽ·ܽշѹһɷ򹥻ǴۣƬص·Ѿ׵ϣҪȥֻҪһͷ
˵ˣҪڿ۶ַ֣֮ޱǿʢޱߣɽҸƬ֮£Ӵ˳۴Ӵġ
вң۶ڣ˵
Ҿв㡣˵漴гһöӡֻһۣ֮ʱըѣһϯ죬Ƭ·Ȼ仯һƬ𺣣֮ϣһ޴ޱߵӰ˫ͫ׶Ҫֻɨһ¿գ˲Ĳ
ڣ˭۸㡣Ͻ³һз·̫棬ʹȺͷݺݳ鴤ʲô
ɫȻһߣѹֻϵ˸ĿɨڵһۣȺһʲôˡ
ɽۣǰֻ۶յӴӰ΢΢ǷȻʣҲԸּĴڡ
еӴĿⶢۣ˫˼£Ȼڴʱعֻһɿѹٶɫ䣬ʹвϣп¼ﵽˡ
һǿʢӰʹ泾΢ϣˣһΣһ۽١
泾û뵽Ͼ˿µǿӡȻһ۽٣ܸܺͶԷȼɡ
ۡ۶΢΢ǷʱΧ֮޲Ŀǵǿߣۣ۶ҪʲôĴڣҪµս
챤ƽסĿâ˸·תһۣ٣˭档
Ǹеˡ˳³Ŀ⿴еӰ¶һĨЦǺϲжôŰǰɽЩС¡
һ£ʱʹ޲ͷݺ£۶Ŀеʲô
С࣬Ŷ֮ˣǸ˶ۺһʱɫӲŶ磬Ȼ˵ɫɵ΢΢һ
ǰ¡۹ǸһĻĻʹ泾ɫҰף¶ɫۣƺǰַȺһʲô
ֻĿ⿴۵˵ȴ£Ϊβ֪ͨң
ۣŴɹ챤֮£Լã㡣۴˿в֪ǺζôһССľŴɹ챤򣬾ǳôķ粨Ŷﶼˡ
ߣ£漴Ŀ⿴ַǣЦ˵֮º󣬱²⵽˿Сһˣò
С࣬ۺһ漴ַָǣǰһСһ඼ʥսѧԺˣˡнǰˡʥڤˣͳϽ£Ǹɡ
г鴤ں޲ѣ޲ɱ泾ϲĻ쵰ôοͱ¦ˣ


1829 Ȼȥ
ɽۣһۣɽ֮⣬Ĵðǿʵɽṩ̫İɽУҲֻרԼóʱ䶼⣬ô᲻֪ʥݡսѧԺȡ
ǰЩȻŶˡڤĴˡսѧԺѹֶǿĵ۱˵Ǳʵ̫ǿǰǿǱվŵȴǺ˵ģңһۣƺʶ
ҪһλǿСǸȷʵЩԿڣܵµĿֲʹòͷ
³çˣλӢܼ¡۶ַ˿ڣɫ˸ַĿۣڵӴƬ򣬶̨̨ƶɽûɡ
ӴƬ򣬻̨ͳϽƽ˵˭ͳϽվҪʵ˵ַǿƿƬ̨УѾ
˵ĻлˡַĮֻʱϽھ޴ͷű棬Ȼˣʱݲˡ
˵գֲʼɢȥվӰʧ֮С
ַתһۣ¶һĨЦ⣬ľǰΪλۣ
ԭһۣȻʶ֮ˣľۡ
ΪβۣľƽЦ̤·ʵУҲǿ츳ѵӵô
ַ΢΢£漴ЦûΪζľ֮ʱӵݣɽп֮ʱǣΪʦ֮Ϊ̤֮ɽΪһۣͬʱУҲӵݣΪʦ˫ݣͬʱӵУкβɡ
ˡַԵľȥȴǿЦҲ²⵽˿ǣȻͱ©ˣСҲҰˣǱ㲻ҪƽˣɽɽЩһ顣
ʱΧ𺳣һԣԭľ۾ȻַʶģңַǲҪۼƽϣ۲ҪǼƽϣȺоЩ뵽ЩһԼ츳˱ҲȻɽǰȷʵЩ
ľǰ˵Բƽʲôң±ɽ޹أֻ泾ϹĴЯɽ֮һЩ֮£ɽַ֮㽫ɽƲֻľЦµӽ泾㲻ɽ֮ˣҪ֣ɣЩϼһͲˣԺпգǵҡ
һַ΢΢ͷ漴ֻľ۶۵С࣬߰ɣ
ԣľһ뿪ǿƶȴϢȥߵһУ£ַ̨ã泾ʡ
߷һУʹ˶ףŴɹ챤򣬳ҪˣΧ챤ȹűɹ֮˰ңûվӣ룬ЩսȦеǿߣԣ챤֪һ۹ѡһվԼ̬ȵģȻһַۣ죬е
챤ҩɹˣһֱȴɽľԮȻȷʵǵˣǶľûжǳֱǿˣԷȫվ̨泾ʣͺһɵˡ
泾ʣ˰˿̵иǳ޾ľ۽֮ʱ˷ܵ˼£·ҪַȻ˿̣ȴͬ׹˵㣬еһУˡ
Ŵɹ챤򣬴ӽ̨Ϊڣ̨֮챤챤Լҩɹ챤ɹ֮ˣؿԶ˰ɡַƽĿ˵յйϢȻ俪ʼɹ˾챤ûκԥʼսѾʣõǳʱˣַ˵ĻҲܲңַǺվŵ۶ǵĴڡ
սַغڰ˷֮λͻȻ챤Χֶǿߣ챤Ⱥ޲ŭޱȣǹ챤ǿߣ͵ˣ켣ȺУڵʣ˿̷ƱãҪξǵȻֱӳ챤ɱ˹ȥ
̨ƲɵȻƿƬǸı䲻ˣģһ̨ܹƿصƬԼϵķǿ

֮󣬾Ŵɹ챤һƬʢ٣·˰챤ǡ챤ǡɹǣǵȺǳԾ׷׳챤챤ԼɹȥַǷЩ˽Ϊ´Ĺűɹȥ
ȻűɹѾܳΪ챤챤ҩɹˣǣֻһ̨֣
ؽ챤ǫ̈̄ȡ֮ͬʱ̨ͽŴɹ챤һ޲ӵҪŽ̨ЩһʱǰѾ̨Ⱥеޱңȷѡ񣬲֪Щ̨ǻţ˿̻θ룬Ƿﶼ޷õĻᣬ̨ͽѾôˡ
ľŴɹ챤ǰսѾΪ˽ֵΪƬҪĻ⣬һսرɫ׸ı˾Ŵɹ챤ĸ챤챤Լҩɹ޵ļ֮⣬λΧɱɹĹԷˣˣ˾챤ıͬ˶ദ⣬ǿߣǱסڵѾֵˡ
ȻһУַ·Ȼ֪㣬ʱ챤ϽһɳĮ䵱У͵뿪֮ʱַվյһ£ǰļԺ䣬ûгͱ
Сһ߰ɣ½Ц£ַ΢΢ͷ漴תһ˹ƿգֱСĳڷȥַ뿪֮ʲŴԺ˳ֻ֮ʣѪַ֮Ӱ崿֮ϣ¶һĨõЦݣЦ֮УһؾӨỺ£ˣַ㣬ͬһ֮ˣַ֪ܾʣȻҪ磬ȴƽȻģ
˻֮أл֮֮ϵ̫űУʱһӰϥĿޣȻʱֻһĻȻ両֣ʹͫȻǹĻȥҪ̤С磿
΢ֻƳŹĻϵͼӡȥʱ·գȻһطǰһӰмˣΪϤ


1830 հ˻
׷ɹǿ߶ַ㣬ƺЩһǿг˴СӿڣϡǵԼǴα콣вЩ֮߳ȻȴǵȴǶˣʱ⣬׷ɹƿСͨƣû뵽ôȥֳַˡ
㾹׷ɹǿЦſڵַΪƺûʲôΧΪǲλʵľ磬ƺΪǿ΢ż־֮⡣
ͨС硣ַƽ˵ʹ׷ɹǿɫ΢£ַмϷŰ֮⣬һŵ
ַҲúͶԷϻֱһöӡǣʱâ˸ֻһӰ֣Ӱ׷ɹǿɫһ
ӽ󣬴С粻ƣַͨΪ֮Ǹַˡ㣬׷ɹˡ㣬㲻ûˡ׷ɹĮ׷ɹͨػ˵챤˾챤ҪǴ򽻵ˣһ϶ԣ׷ɹǵַģȻ񣬾Ŵɹ챤ؽַ̬ȣпܾǵˡ
׷ɹǴɹԼ˾챤̨ǼΪķߣϾҪ۹ڣǶٲˣַȻҲ볹׵ĽŴɹ챤ĴֻǽԹ챤ҩɹˣ챤Ļһѡվӣϧվˣַ챤һЩ˻һ棬ûͬ챤Լҩɹ
׷ɹǿŹ֮ɫһƺԴ΢΢Щ·漴Ŀƹַ㣬˫΢΢
ûҵĻǸ̨λӢԭ£챤ҩɹǶˣѵҲѰ·׷ɹ˵ѣȻΪһ⻰ǿͷ鴤ַǣ챤ҩɹˣ⵽ôһ£
ߡһ漴ӰɢʹǿͷݺݵĲ£ȥ룬ַ΢΢Ƿնеˡ
ַŴˣͫ͸ż⣬ҹȥ֮㽫⴫ͨԵĿҪػԶػڴˡ
ַ㲢ûжԴ˶ɱȻʲôüһȻϾΪػ֮ͨˣһˣͬ飬ĳ϶ԣ׷ɹָģӽͨ޷ˡ
ǡ׷ɹǿ΢΢ͷ漴߹ȥַͨ˷׷̫߳űУ˳Źű⣬߳˹űȣһƬĿ
˻ġַ΢΢ֻصƬϤ磬һ𣬲׺ɣַֻо·ȥ޾¡
ַ㣬ǻˡĪϧǰĿзâ˸뿪֮ʱǲûдСδ֪Сˡ
֡նˣͬǰȻһȴ·޷ƬϤ磬ǻˣϧûλʦ𣬻мλʦֵܣûѶҲ֪ôˡ
ھŴɹ챤򴴽̨мĿģһƾŴɹ챤򣬻Сһ̫ƽʹСܹɷչܵκҪ̨׳ʦλʦֵŵĻҲܹҵߣӶϵϡ
߰ɣַ૵һ漴Ų̤˳ȥ»ص˻֮أ𷴿ĵط֮·˵ǴƬ߳
嫰˻ģʮȥǲ׺ɣİ˻ģεƿ֣һΪлʼңڶǰлʼҡ˾ռ壬ԼĵԼ칬㶼Ϊ˻ĵĶһȥϢĿֲ粨֮û䣬˾ռҲ֮ɣȻʼңδ˥ˣøΪǿлΪټл֮أѾû˻칬Ψ˾ռһڣʼ֮´ŽһλϹпΪ콣ʱ˽Ҳδйѡ
л֮صʼ֮⣬һҩɹˣҩɹռ֮أϻΪ˻ľģΨܹлʼںܶջԻ͵Ѿû䣬ǻ𣬴Ӱ˻ľĳ
磬ƫһı֮أ̨ѳйݵĻԻͣȴѾڣΪʷֻżг֮ˣ̸۹¼֮ʱżἰһĴڣڳɳһĽԻ͹ǿ
֮⣬ԶΪʷڡ
ȻȥȻҲԼǿߣҪձЩ
ϻ֮أֹһλҪڣϧȻΪʣȴҩɹĴѹ˳Ϊѩʣѩӣ˶˵üţѩӣհ˻ĴŮ֮һһλҲڵĵӣѩ
ѩڵĴ汾˵ʦ𵤻ʱã뿪ڣ̨ߵһдţѩַ㣬ַѾһλӣ飬ԲδѡѩѩС磬ûͬһȥ紳
ȻЩֻǴŶѣϻ֮ػһΪܷɽɢһ˫ٶȽ֮ˣͬǼŮӣһǽã棬ҲͬΪ˻ĴŮ֮һ÷ɫ˿ڷ棬ңһ棬̤ʾ硣
˵ֹ̤Ҳ˵һֱСδȥ٣ͬ޷ֻ֤һȥʺ֪
񣬰˻֮صĴŮ˽һˣͬһЩǳʼң֮߶ŮװΪĴŮ֮һ֣Ϊʰѩʼаѩ
֮أҲȤ£ͻȻֹһ䲻ʮȴΪʵ츳˾ųҪؽ˵̨ʹò˲ĿһĴߣҪ齨̨
˻ĵһУַһ֪˿̵ߵ˽֮⣬һˣվھ޽֮һƼ䣬ûнҲнհɣ콣ʣҲİ
ˣһӰ˸ǿվǰ֮˺ɫ͵һкһĽâˣ
Ϊʣл֮أΪַ֮ڶַΪȴƺɻͣ䣬ʵյĺԣ


1831 ľ֮Ѫ
л֮أΪ
˻ľл֮أʼƴ۰лģ콣ʣδܹ㲨Ȼ콣ʲ֮£֮޷ˣʼ֮£ҪлΪ²ˣʼҵʰѩѾ̤λʾ磬Ϊһ
˻˵һӢʱȷһֺҲ˵Щʧڰ˻ĵЩֵģѩԼʰѩǣ̤֮磬ʧڰ˻ĵЩţ츳ӵǿʢ£̨һʮһӣףڻ֮Լս̨֮Ͼ޹ŽʱʰѩԼѩ˸޷棬Ԥ룬ЩŵĻȻҲ̤֮磬ֻǿ
ϧͨͨƺһʱڵĶڿԳ룬ٶȱȥڻԼЩûг֡
Ȼ˿ַ̣㣬վ˽֮⡣
˳Ƭ̣漴΢΢ַΪɻʣĿֲսȻҲ֮޵УϧǣʰѩǶɻˣΪַûУַ㵽׾ʲô
Ĺ𣿡ַŽĹһĻ΢΢ͷǰ˽ڣ뿪֮˸ҽڣ֮д˼ң˼ǷڣҲ
ַ΢΢ͷ漴̧ŲŽ̤ȥ
ĹһʹַŲ΢΢ͣ£عͷŽĹ
ȰȰ档ĹַĹһǿ󽣸ΪĿ꣬Ȼǰڽ֮Уȴ֮£ЩʹַȴδɻʣǵϣֻڽϣޱΪҲ۷徳磬ϣһ֮
ַŽĹ֮ԵȻ׽ĹĻĿ˸£漴ӽ󣬽󣬰˻Ϊ
˵գַ̤뽣֮УʹýĹɫ΢£󣬰˻Ϊô
ѵַ㣬Ȱǰ
ַ̤뽣֮Уֱڣֻڣ֮⣬һ㽣ĻƬڣַ㿴ƬĻֲˣ֪콣ǰˡ
䣡ַȻȭݺݵһڽĹ֮ϣ̼佣ĻѣͬһεĽɢַһ̤˽ڣ֮С
ڣһλϥ˿̫ƣͷ˿ַɫ΢ͷ鴤£ô
˵ǵĿû̫ɣַǰ˱ݺµĽǰһȵ׷ɹλǿ߿ͨ־ˣ·ڰ㡣
ˡ˼ַ㣬¶һĨ΢Цһɲ֮С
ǰǣַ㲻콣Ϊλѵܴôô
͵ƿݾƽЦ£شһֱڽ֮УΪĳ֣Ҳųȥ߶˼Σʵ˽ĵģϣɳܹһָƣȻʱҴڼǰңҲòû޷ȫԦǿԷҶԽ֣ȻֻԼ֪Լʲô
˵ţ¶һƵ˸Уҵʱ䲻࣬δ̤ʾ磬Ҫңַ㣬£ҽұѧ㣬󣬱㽻ˡ
ַ֮һ̾콣ʣĲں
ĸ֮ˣΪĺˣȥϧԽĻ˵طҲ֪ԼгһڣҲ֪֪ôǶСһ壬˸Ҷ
ǰģΪַۡƽ˵漴ߵߣӣַ콣ϣʱһȵ͸콣ʵ֮ϣݷ·ûֹķϴ콣ÿһλʹ콣ʴϵֻʣʵ˵˫۾â˸ǣȵķֻƿ˷޵ܹӵеġ
ʾ콣ʶַʵ
ѵǰΪַô޶𡣡ַ΢Ц˵·ûֹ
ңһϺͿˣȻ沼˽ĻΪɻʣƣ֮ңΪȴûãʹʢȻƻڣһһȥ콣ʸ̾һʱİ׷ѻ˿˼ַ֮⡣
ɲһַһ漴֣˿콣ѾֻҪָƱˣַֻ˳ȥ漴һֲལĻ֣ƬԽػصڣ֮ʱַ΢ʱһ޴ޱȵڹ֣Ȼȴ˲ϢһźľȻһޱȿµķ֮ȻƬն⡣
ľǿķԶԶֹһַ֮ͬڡ콣ʶƯĺľĿ¶𾪵ɫתַ㡣
Ǻ
ľַƽڣʱ콣ͷ΢΢鴤£֮ɫĿⶢַӵ֮֮ӵǵľ
ľ֮Ѫ֮ˡַ˻֣ʱľ콣ͷϿգʱѲٻǣǳſµķ֮⣬֮񣬷·֮ɣľ֮ˣַ㣬Ϊľ
ǰľ֮Ѫϴ壬ơַ㿪˵콣ûкֱַӵͷַֻ΢ľʱľͷſ¹ԣ漴һεľѪľе£ֱӳ콣ʶȥѪν콣֮ʱʱһɺ˿ֲϴѪ޾ԣʹýڣըѣҪΪһ֮ʹ콣оǼ֮â
һξѪ콣ϣһɿɨ콣ʺַ㣬ȡľľ֮ѪԣҪ
콣ʲ˽֮ˣľ֮ѪܹожôΣѾ㹻ȡˣַӴȡľ̫̰ģľѪ
һΰɡַܵ콣ŵ콣⣬а룬ľ֮ѪҲܳɾͽǰʵһΣľӵаٵξѪÿһξѪҪ귽۶ɣޱַ콣ϣΡ
ַ֮˸Զ뽣ʣͬʱԼƬڽ֮УһӰ˸ߣĿⶢַ㣬Ƿܵһµķַ㣬ΪҪգǰʲô
Ĺַ㺰һַĿתĹˣȵȫ뿪֮£Ҽġ
ǣĹоַͫеаΥ֮⣬˻֣Ⱥȥ


1832 ͻ
ȥַ֮عͷĿⶢԽյĽڣУ֮޷סҪƿһг
ľٵξѪ֮ȻֲѪһܹԡ֮У򷨸ΪУ׺ܹõԼ÷ַеѹľΨпǱʲ˷ɵõϿɡ
ϧľ֮ѪֻаٵΣÿһΣҪķѼʱۣⷽľѪľǱΪͨľˣ
ַ콣Ҫ޸ھûƣҲûôֻ˸ŽĹ뿪ķȥƬ֮һԺ֮У˶ڣԶ뽣ڣȻǵĿȴһƺΪš
ַĹ¶һĨеɫƺҪ֪콣ʵ׷ʲô
ǰչΪʵһַƽ˵ʱĿ¶âҪøǿô
Ĺİ˻ΣַŽĹһػذ˻ģλֵܶæԼȥˣҲҪ֪İ˻Ǻξ档
˻֮أʼͻȻʵңʷ̨˾ռҲǿ󣬵Զ޷ʼᲢۣ˵λǿ߶ˣ⣬˻һΪҩɹ˻ΨһܹʼĹ˵򵥵ĸ˰˻ƣʼҺҩɹۡ
ϡַаʼҺҩɹƿС磬ȻҪΪǿӶԴͬʱעһ׼ΪԼãǲ֪һУھԵʵǰ֮أʼҺҩɹѱݻ١
˻ЩǿߣжͬĹˣַٶʵ
˻ʲ࣬ʼҺҩɹȻеģ⣬˾ռӦûλǰ˾ʺ˾ңһλ֮׻ԼţħʣʴŽȥҲһȥ˴磬³һλʡѩѳɻʣ֮Ҳѳɻʣ滹һѩ桢ʼҳɻʵʰѩư˻ĴŮĹ˵ȴʹַͫ΢΢¡
ʰѩΪĴŮ֮һ
ŮĹ˵ͷַ㾪ȹҲȻձ㷢ʰѩͬŮӰܹˣ˵ŮҲΪ棬һЩŮֶͬͨҪأҲ̫ѣֻΪ⣬ȥ˴磬ʰѩȴصСС
¾ЩˣһδСͨĶʱڣ뿪ˣһЩҲȥ˴磬ھΣ޴ӵ֪Ĺ˵ַ΢΢ͷǹˣѩռȱʧҪ޸֮ӣ֪ˣѾͷȻȷɻʣԤߵ۹Ȼ
̨ɻйϢַ˵
һ겻֪Ҫؽ̨츳Ϊǿ֮ǻ֮Ҫؽ̨Ӧ֪ܵģҺ񱤵һЩĴΪУҪɱ
˵ҵʷ̨ѱٵȻ˶ȻҲ˽ѣġ
Ҫؽַ̨ɫ΢¶֮ɫʲô֡
겻ʮ꣬ճڰ˻֮ʱ˵Ҫʦ̨ģ̨𣬲־Ҫؽ̨ΪҶ˵߻һλŮӣΪҶѩΪƽƽ
ҶҶѩַͫ΢΢Ժлйһƽʱ⣬쳾ϴ֮ʱСˣȻһΪҶѩôҶһСˣû뵽СһﾹȻѾˣȻ裬ָһӼ䡣
ַΪǣСһﲻˣȻȥ̨ϧ̨ѾڣСһҪؽ̨ǳ֮ġ
꣡ڴʱһɿֲַ֮µĽĻתַֻоһɿֱֲһУǱߣһɺ嫿ֲϢХͬ㣬һɼ֮⳯˸оһɽ֮Уµ˼¡
ǡַͫ͵£ɷϢڲǿ콣ʲʵŭҪڼǧ
˳С磡ַ㶸ȻȵʱĹգ֮ˣȫ˳󡣡
һò֪Ľ֮˷ĺˣСȥǹɿµ⾳ַ콣Х콣ݡ
˼ǧ꣬ΪΪҲѹ˼ǧ꣬ѵľѪҪ콣ͻƣַ૵ֻǲʱ֮˷׷˳˽󣬾ʱ֮ϣǱ޽ȻѺۣ漴¡һը죬޽飬ֲ˳ˣԶȥ
СˣͫȻ£漴ֻһ֮ϣ˲Ϣʧ
ַͫ΢΢ǳĹ콣ʱ
һ̣һƶ·죬ͱޱ߿µѹл֮أֻҪл֮ˣԶ̧ͷȥڽǷ죬Ȼͱ
С޷λʵǿߣ콣ʱλΪͻơַͫһ콣ͻƣƬС޷ѹնȥС硣
ƿֲϣȻл֮صȺȴ˿ĿĶһλǡգСô
ǷѵǴе콣ʡеܹճС֮ˣ˵Ҳֻде콣дʵ
ǣĹĿ㶼ַ㣬Ǵ˿һоڸ棬ƿնȥ
ǰͻˣغܿͻ֮Ľǰܿܽһλַۡ΢Ц˵ʹЩ֮޲ݺݳ鴤ţ˵ϲȴ޷¶ۣʲô磿
棬Ҫƿɾ֮ϵľô
ۣʲô磿һλʵ֪ۣζʲô
ۣ֮ϵľ磬ԽʵĴڣ߳С̤뵽統УҲһǿߣܹΪһַ΢ЦĽ˵ʹǽ˫ȭգ޾ڴգлΪ
ַԼ֮ˣ׷ͷ죬ĿƬ񷣬ƺڵȴȴŽǰ
ʱ֮񷣬ٶȱӲƿֻһʹַĶ΢΢£漴ֻһâҫһӰǵǰȻ콣ʣ˿̵콣ʣɷް֮͸һޱȿµĽ֮޷죬ǲϵݣ·ȥ̬ø࣬·ϻͯޱ


1833 ʻʵ
档֮˼׷׹ޱȵĺĵ֮ô
ַĿ콣ʣֻԷ۽ŵ΢ЦһнԵδ뵽ƹַ㣬лˡ
콣֮ã˶̤۾磬ȴ˥ϣ͵ƿݾ֮زȻδ뵽սַһԵַ㾹ĴָƣͻƳɾ˴֮
ǰԼַ֮΢Ц˵֮ɷܰǰġ
ҲԵʻɣǧ꣬ѿ͸׺ɣӶҪϻ⣬δ뵽ⷴΪԵѪ֮һ̤۾콣и̾Ҳδ뵽ľѪҺ޸壬˳ͻơ
ʱֻ콣һ֮ҫȻǽ֮һʱ֮ϻûɣģ漴ƻӶʱһ޴ŽͬһһƬС硣
ȥģ콣ַ̤У֮˷׷ָ֮ģȻ콣ȴδٻĺĽڣһ֮ϣַϯض
ַ㣬֪Ϊܴ콣ʶַ㿪˵ַҡͷȴ˵ֻ֪ǰƺͽɽϸ𡣡
㵽˽ɽ콣૵ַĿеɻ漴ڵСϢ֪ȻǰҵĳҵңĽɽ֮һ㣬ҿĽ
ַɫ΢ڵҵȷɽһżͷŹ콣⣬ɽ˰ңһֱ⣬ףԭΪǰ֮ʣɽۣ֮ӦòעҲŶԡ
ɽһЩԪ콣⣬ܻ뵽ңӶϢݸΪǶϵҡ콣ƽڣɻַ㣬ɽ֮Ҳۣҵʦ֣
ʦַ֣ͫ΢΢ԭ콣ʣɽ
ʦţΨнɽ֮ſĽ䴫ңȴûдڸҵʦ֣ʦⲻԶΪˣʦֺҽʦ֮ˮڣҽԲΥʦ֮һսǳսҰˣʦֵʱѾɵλҵľҲǿ󣬵վشҪˣȻȴԽԽأұʦĴ׷ˣЩĻ䣬صСС
콣ƽ˵ţȻû뵽գһַܻ̤֮㣬һУøл㡣
ǰж޽Ϊʦȴش֮Ϊ߳󣬴˵ȶ飬ܲӿȪ֮£ֻǾһĶѣһž飬ǰǰػؽɽԼһС
ַ΢Ц˵콣ʵǲδ̫⣬ַĹž飬ز̫ʺģȻַܾ⣬ЦãҲһ㡣
ʶһЦ漴飬Ȼǳġ
޽⵼ڡַõͫ΢⾹һ쾭飬֮Ϊͬ¡
ʥʱ콣ʾɫ¶ɫĿ֮⣬ַ㣬йַžδ⣬ȻɹžȴʵŵˣȻǣʥ
ǰҲ˵ʥַһ콣¶ĿЦַ㣬һΪ˴һر㣬ȴû뵽óľʥǷĸˡ
ǰĪ˵ַҡͷ콣ҲǾ֮ˣˬһЦûȥ˵Щɷڵַ㣬޽ٵʥ̤뽣ɽǳ֮ˡ
ȻַЦ콣ʱΪѵõǧǰС߳ƣԼ츳ֲнɽ֮޽ʥԽۣȻǳ֮¡
ǰ˼ˣȸˣ㡣ַѾߵһУ콣ͻΪۣԤƵҪãȻҲûʲôźˣڽɽԺ콣Իȥʰǣɽƿ֣Ͼ콣ʲ˳Ľɽˡ
Ҳá콣΢΢ͷ漴ַվ˸ȥ
Ƭ֮󣬽Ĺӭǰֹ
ʲô£ַʵ
лʼʻʣԼ˾ռҵһЩǰѯʽ֮¡Ĺ˵ַɫ˸漴ڵģ
棬ҿǷ뽣󣿡Ĺ̵ʼҺ˾ռҲҶΪ콣֮ȻĹҲǣϾԷģλ콣ּ̤֮ɻأһֱʽ֮£ǲ֮ʵ
أԺ󣬳Ըκ˲뽣벽迴ɫ¡ַķĿ·ܹĹ˼Į˵Ҫǡ
˵գַŽ˳ȥ
֮⣬вڣһݣȻյʻʣ˼ַɣʻ֮⣬˾ռҵҲˣյ˾ʡ
ֻʱâ˸˴С߳Ϊһһ꣬ˬǷ֮ʼҺ˾ռкü˶ͫ΢΢£ʻʣжȻһâַһ̤磬һƽ֮͸׶ƿߵһС
ַ㣡ʻɶĿַ꣬Ȼص˰˻ġ
ʻʣַ㺬ЦڣʻʵĿһֱַţ䣬ַ㾹Ȼֻ۷֮δܳɻʣ⵹ȤʼҵİѩѾɻˣַ㾹ԭ̤
ַ㣬겻ķûòˣٸóƺһǰɡʻ΢Ц˵Ȼ֮Уȴ͸һַǳĸо·Щ⡣


1834 
ַƽĿʻʣʦ֣ʱʻʿǴ˺㣬Ϊ񣬳Ϊл֮ȴһ֮磬Щˣⲻòַӻɣʼңʵ̨Ҳֻǳͷβöѡ
ңʼҺ͵Լ˾ռһͬŴɹ챤ַ㲻ʼջ᲻֪챤ǵĲ֣ʼҺ챤ַ̫ɻ֮ǵ챤ıһѡվɽһж̨֮ʱַ챤
ƺһǰҵûʲôֻܲ𡣡ַ㵭Ц˵ʹʻ¶һĨЦַ㣬ȥǰɣʼңԽǰĽѾãݼ
˾ռңҲݼǰ˾ռҵĿĮַ˾ռҿвٶԹȻʱ󣬸ղţƿС磬˵ĿģΪ̽һ콣ʣǷ¡
ַ㿴ǰһˣƹôһâַ³һ֣
ַʻʺ˾ɫһâ˸ʻЦַ㣬ʼնΪ㵨˶Գ˵Ҫλʦ̹ܽܽ㡣
˵գʻйⶸȻţХ䣺겻ɻʣʦǻţҲΪеˡ
£ֻʻ΢ʱշַ֣ƻһռΣַУҪַһЩѵ˳̽콣Ƿ
ַֻʻ͵һ󣬶ʱǿʢķݲַȻַɫ䣬֮ͫȴһĺâţ˫ͫףʻʵͫȻ£ֻоһ֮֡
ַʦ֮ѵۣ֮֮ŭַֻһ̤ʱһĿѹʻϣʹʻɫ䣬ѹе
㡭ʻĿⶸȻ䣬ַ㣬¶ɫ
˭δɻʡֱַʻ࣬ʻʹң·ǡ
ˣշʻʵңҪˣȻȴַ֣ӰΣͬһֲħ㣬վǰ漴͵Ļӳ
һƺƴĴ£һ촫ʻʱһǺݺݵĶ⣬屻ֱַһĵ˵ϣֻоԴ·һ˦ˡ
һĻʹΧ֮˾㶼ͫ׽Ӳ£ʻʣһ
ʣôܲʡ˾ռҺʼɫ䣬һƣ·˦ǽ֮ϡ
оâ˸һҪޱȣղŵһĻǶףյһַ㣬ˣ
ʻʣһ˻ģм档
ΪĹ૵Χ˾㶼˫ȭգַĻл֮أӴ˽ţһԣַҪ֮
ʻʸҪȴַĽŲֱ̤ϣͬһֲĸɽѹϰ㣬Ҫ˶ѹǿµʹ徹޷ҡֺ
ɱʻɫ԰ףݺݵĺһӡ¡һ죬ַϣȻַɰȻδҡֺʻʸо̹ǣ·׹˱֮Уķ򹥻޷ַŲһ¡
Ҳ㶼оһ󷢺Ķ΢Щ򹥻޷ҡַַֺ㣬жǿ
Ҫʦܽңַͫ·Ҫʻʵ࣬ʹʻ˸漴һĨЦݣֶַղΪֶ˻жЩĪҪƽϡ
Ļ£ĲҽһַĽŲݺݵļ̤֮ϣ֪շ˶ٹͷ
ֶַҲ䣿ַĮĵմʱʼҡ˾ռҵϾ֮ˣȫΥԸ
˵գַһźݺݵ˦˳ȥʱĹϣǿʻʣС粻һʼʣͬһͷ㱻ַݺݵ˳ȥһ̵һλʣһ֮ˡ
ַͫһɨʼԼ˾ռ֮ˣɫĮʱ˾ռҵʿַͫףֱӣԴоҲ˾ռҳ֮⻹˾Ϊʣʻַǰ˲һ˾Ҳǵַ֣㣬˻ĵ˴ι̫ˡ
ߣʼҺ˾ռҵ˲Ҿڴˣʻ˵壬һ˸ȥȴַղŵĻմʱʼҡ˾ռ֮ˣȫŵĻ
֮ȴ鼤ַǿƣƺʵĳŵл֮أ
ʼңһλλǿߡĹַ㿪˵һѣϾλʺλʵĲ࣬Ƿǳġ
֪ˡַƽڣĵմʱ˵
£ַŲԶȥʹý֮йâʼλȴǰƽȻУͲں
ںӵǿʵ
ַ뿪֮˽һ¥֮У¥Ȼַһǣ׼֮ʱľ¥ձ߱ͬ˵ɱƻؽ
¥֮У¡ľѩԼǼڣС磬ַֻͬǰߣǾĪϧһиԵ飬̨伸ˣַ˾Ŵɹ챤ء
ַ㵽֮ʱֱߵһ£漴ڿڵڣһˡ
̧ͷݺݵĶַ㣬ȴûоܾ
ȥһл֮ңڵɣմʱַ֮ڿ˵Ļʱ¥֮ȺĿ׷׳ɵ¶Ȥɫһ˵Ц굽ңڣң
˵һ궼ʷǷʵΪǿ󣬵˻δ̫Щ֪˵֮˵ʲôݡ
ߣһվž¥ȥַŴܹá
¥еû뵽ڻȥˣɵɫ΢£ֻһ˶ַʵᣬȴع㣬֪Ǻη֮ʿ
ַ㳯˿һۣЦ֮ˡ
֮ˣҿ˵ңǰ֮ˣ˻ûмѩ˾Ƕпܣеһλôֻпȥ˻ĵ֮һټ˵ǽô̸£ַ㡣
ַ㣡ͫ΢΢Ȼַȥ˶ַ֣꣬˻ɻв֪ġ
ַ¶һĨɫû뵽˻֮˼ʶ֮ˣֱƲΪַ㡣


1835 
ַ㿴΢Ц£ΪǣǱǰɡ
ַ㲢δϣʱ¥г˶ݵİ漴һȻӣпΪַ㡣
ʦַ˭ʱһλǰĳʵַѴСʧ˶꣬һЩʮҵ඼֪֣ʮ֮ϵȻֲİ
̨ʮһ״֮һҲµһڻ֮Լľɱ¾ķ񱤵ľ̫ӼնɱɾҲ̫󱲣֮ʮǰһʱĹâڸʮΨк̨ʮһ״ӵܹӵһЩԡǳ߶źӵܽ˵֮зâ˸ȴһֱַ㡣
ʦἰһʢʱ˻ľӿַ㣬ôΪ𾪣Ҳ͵͵Ŀַ㣬һϮۣްϢȻվǣȴȷһ޷ȵĸоΪûеַľأַʵ
ַ㣬ַԵλŮӣҲһ
ַ㣬Ǵ˵еĴô꣬ʵԴˣѹָңĿǷַ㣬Ҫղ֪𰸣ңڵᵽô
ھ¥бʶݣַ㵹Ҳ޷ȥܿ뿪˾¥
ֱڶյͬһʱ֮⣬Բ֮أвǰ˵عְַ˻ĵϢѾд˵ַ㴫ңڣǰ
ʱֻԶգһӰңڵˡ
ʻʡ˾ʣʼҺ˾ռˡȺͫ΢΢һйӰٽǰڡ
ʻʣʼҵλʶˣѵΪǵƿյĹǿ콣ǰѵΪ¡в²⡣
ңڵҲˣֻһˣңڵĿ⿴һ̤յӰңޱȣת˲֮併ٽ֮⡣
֮УһӰ˸֣ȻǽĹǣǵĿ⿴ǰһӰʼҡ˾ռҡңڣл֮صΪ콣ʲ£һֱ¡
ֶַҵȼѾˣǷ¶ˡʱʼλʿ˵͸һ˵ƣʼԼ˾ռַôĿַڴͣˣӦףʼҵı󣬿ǻվ챤ʵǿΣǣ콣ǲµϼһΪͷ
ֻ޽֮УһӰ˸ȻַڵӰ֣ڵӰңڵ΢΢鴤£˼һޣԵӲŰһأʵƿֲ
ôַĿһɨˣƽڡ
ˣҪֶַкδͽ֮ʻ֮͸ż⣬ҷλʣһΪʻʣɫĮһˣһŮӣΪޡ
ʰѩжжװȻϲɫȹӢ˹ճǸˡ
жװ֮£Ů˻ҪƯŮװȻǹŮַĿʰѩϣ΢΢һЦȴǽʻ֮Ļˡ
ϲҴжװŮװʰѩڵˣżִԣж֮
ȻŮװַƽĻӦ
ʰѩЦˣȻһЦʧ񣺡ҲԸǰ
Ȼȴַҡҡͷڵ㣬ٸʵ
ʰѩַĻЦ΢ͣ漴ַֻʵ߱ͬ˵ڶɱǷ㣿
ʰѩɫٶһĿĶַ㣬ȴԣһĻַȻ֪˴𰸡
ʰѩ߱ͬ˵ˣ˵ͫ׶΢΢£¶ȵɫǾǶʱˣǲ졣
ѾƭҼˡַ΢΢̾ϢһΪ֮ͬʱڶ˵ʱʰѩûԮҲˣϾʰѩ˲޹ϸȻƽʰѩʦ˵ʰѩҲл⣬Ͼʼ֮ˣʱַҲδȥ룬ȻʼҵһУԵôα
ʰѩ΢΢һַ̾ϢƸܵһĨ֮Уַ㣬ڣɵѣǿԻΪѺá
ˣʱһĮֻ֮֮ϣһӰ̤͸һǿҵĺһϯɫۣϵĺȻȴ䣬ͬڤ㡣
Īϧʰѩɫһ֮⣬Ҳص˰˻ġ
Īϧô£ַеľĪϧʵֻھĪϧԣһλŮӣȻСԵΪ㲣Ŀ⿴ʼ֮ʱȻǳĮƺ͸ɱ⡣
ʼҺҩɹ˲칬Īϧͬһ㣬ʹַͷ΢£΢գ³һӴ˰˻ģʼң
ַĻʹʰѩͷ΢΢£ʻ֮ͫһĺâЦַ㣬иʼҵʵҲף챤ǵİɣ
챤Ѳˡڵһ⣬ʹʻ֮ɫ΢ڵʲôˣڴ˿ԣЦ
ˣֻڶȻ֣Ȼֱʻ֮ȥ˫ƶȻҫĿ̫µѹ
ʻ֮ͫ΢΢£ǿķշۣƮŲǰһ̤ڡ
䣡ײֲ֮ɨΧһ̫֮˳ʻ֮ϣʴʹ屬ˣɫ䣬ͷ򣬶ÿ¡
ԿλǿߣȺַͫԵֱ꣬ܺλײÿ¡
Īϧſֲĺڤ֮£ֻĪϧһ̤¿նȥͬһڤ㡣
䣡һȭƿգڤ£ʱƬշ·𱻰ʼ֮ˣȫɺڤ֣˲Ϣһ
ɱĪϧڤɱʱһλλʼǿֱʹΧ֮ɫ䣬ôôֲ
ʰѩĿ𾪣ǰַ㣬ʵ챤Ĳˣ
ھŴɹ챤ؽ̨챤һΪУִ챤ҩɹˡַƽʹʰѩɫ¶һĨ԰֮⣬ں;Īϧ񱩵Ĺ޼ɵɱʼҵǿߣʻʻλʣڰˡ
Űɱʰѩһʧ񣬺ÿ죬û뵽ַǣ˵Ŀ졣
Χ޷ǰһУֻоǻþ㣬ǿлʼңǰ˲һ
䣡һµʰѩϣʹ³һѪ峯ַ˹ȥһĻַ΢£ʰѩȻûȥֿ
Ȼ˵챤㸲ҵȻỳĻһнֻܹСʰѩͻȻЦˣ޵Ц
ַ㿴Цɫ΢£ǱߵľĪϧһۣ漴ƻĳźֱʰѩϣһĻʰѩŰһĨЦݣʰѩַ¡
ַʰѩֻʰѩ³һһйܶźʱ㻳Уȴģ
˵һ仰ʰѩ۾


1836 ʮ̫
ַ㿴ŻеİˣиоһȻɱʰѩκεĿУ෴˿¶ģȴǵİˡ
˴ѩʶʱ꣬ƣ˷ǣ˲ͬ·ʰѩַ㣬Լ˵ˣȴֲòһ
֪ʰѩʵûжԲַطְ˵Բ𣬵ȴ飬Ȼ֮ˣȴ룬С
УȷʰѩõĽ֣٣ʰѩ
һУŪˡ
һսɣȻĪϧڵǿ˵ģ̫ǿˣɱ֮ͬĨɱϣʻʶĨɱʻ֮λǿߣܴ¼ֲ˶ãǿʼңˣ㹻֮
˾ռҵǿһ󵨺˾ҲȺ֮УһĻֻоľʱ׳־ķ·Ȼ޴棬ĪϧѾ˿ˣַԵһ꣬ƺַ֮ôַ㣬жǿ
ܿ죬ʼˣ׵ĸ𣬾Īϧ͸һɺڤ֮عͷַ㻳еĵĪϧ΢£ڤ֮ʧ̾Ϣһַ㿪ڵַ㣬ʬ壬ͻʼҰɡ
ַ˵ͷĿת˾ռԼңڵ˾챤ѹ˳̨ǰйԹ˾챤̨ͳ֮£㲻ˡ
ַ˵ţһۻ֮ˣЩɺ˾ռңҲκεĸо
ȫ£򽣸ģӴˣл֮أԽΪ𡣡ַ㵭˵ȴ˾ռ˾㶼ͫ£ģΪɱǣҲд۵ġ
Ϣʱ䣬ģڣˡַתƽûаĲ漴ңڵԲùıɡ
˵ַ꣬Ų΢̤ڿնȥл֮أΪ֮ڡ˾ռԼңǰҩɹһˣ֮
صڿգַӰʧ
֪ΪΣ˿ַ̣һĲһ仰ܸı˻ĵĸ
л֮أͬʱ˾ռԼңųҩɹӴˣ󣬺ֹл֮ƾַýΪ֮
ַ뿪ˣ֮ĪϧҲ뿪ˣ˾ռڵǿʵ֮£򽣸ģȻңڵ֮ˣڸожһ˳ĽƺֻʵĵˣȻ֮£лĳַ㣬Զڰ˻ĵġ
ʼ˫ԼǿߵѾ㹻ˣַ㲢δնɱھĪϧΣĪϧȥɣĪϧҲɱ֮ˣʼҸ߲㣬ҲǸ칬һˣ׿ַ㽫ʰѩͻʼҵġ
ڽʰѩͻʼַ֮㲢ûлؽ󣬶ǳŷű֮ضȥ
֮½ٵʲôǰҲѸգҩɹǱߣǻãڰ˻ľַмǣҵˣѾˣСһȻС˳Ҫַ̨㵱ȻܶԴӲܵģ˴α֮УҲȥСһˡ
֮أ쾳У̨ڵĳǳأʱַ㣬һϵľ¥֮У¥Ϊ쾳¥ӵмΪϵʷԳΪഫ쾳мΪһ¥쾳¥Уܹ׵õ쾳ǵϢ֮صϢ
ַ㲻ƾں嫵ıĽСҳֻھ¥УܷõһЩϢ
ʱѾھ¥ʱ˿ʼ̸Ҷһ֡
ʮ̫ȷʵѾ޵Ϊɱǿ߶練ƣʮ̫Ѿ񱤵ΧҶҶ˴һ١
ûʮ̫ʵǿᣬͻƵʾ綼ָտɴ˵ܹ񱤣񱤺̨޵УҶҪ̨ʮ̫ˡ
¥е̸˵ʹַΪ죬Ŀ⳯Щȥʵλ̨񱤾̫ӲǱɱʮ̫ӣӺζ
˰ɣ˿ַ㣬΢Цŵַ΢΢ͷȷյġ
ʮ̫ӵǺ֪ƿ񱤵ǿӹɵģʮ̫ӵݷҪؽ񱤣ˣһЩδ֮ؾۣ۳ΪһǿҲǳ£ʮ̫ӣȻΪ
Ц˵ʱַ΢΢ͷԭˣҶʵΣ
ҶǳȻΪ˵Ѿľ磬Ҳʮ̫ӵĶ֣Ǳʮ̫ϣǱˡ˻Ӧ˵ʹַüͷڵ¸ղ˵ΧҶ֪ںδ
˵񱤲Ҷĵϸҵļ磬ļΧԴвҶҶĹ˼ɼ֮Ļһˡ
ַͫ΢΢£漴ֻվŲ΢ֱ̤ʧͬȰʧȥټ˵֮еĻֱ˻ȥ۾ֱ¶ɫÿ죡
ʲôˣ¥е˸еһľ㶼ַʧӰ
Ҷ֮ʱַʶȻǵ̨Ѱؽ̨Ȼ֮ˣˣļ֮вĻҶһġ
ĺͱĵĽ֮أС֮ϣƽˣͻȻǿӰС򣬲СѹɽٲǰĿյ֮ϡ
ٲǰһʯ֮ϣʮ̫ۣݣĿԶֻӰȻһˣҶ
Сӣܻʲôҹʱֻ¿յȺ֮УһӰ˵
Ҷ¿֮ˣʦ
㲻Ϊжʦ˵ȻȴڴʱһֱӺϣʹ³һĨѪ
ϼһʲôһ񱤵һ
ס֡ҶĿŭʦʱʦָҲСʦ
㻹ǵһԼɡʮ̫˳ֻٲǰޱȵķâ˸漴ֻŲһ̤۹ƮĮƾʵҲҪؽ̨գұ̨ڴˣı֮أ񱤶𡣡
Цͱ̨ǲַڣȺ¶ŲҳҶĮ˵
ַ壿Цʱַ˹ϵϧʱ缸ݵַڰ˻Ĳ񡣡ʮ̫ͷſֲҰ֮һޱȵۣУ񱤵
̫Ӽַɱ٣˲񡣡ҶмЦ
ǰҶʮ̫һɿֲƳҶȥ졣
𣡡ʱһȻ֮£·ɰʹʮ̫üͷһĿ˸âȥ˭˵


1837 һ
˷ʮ̫ɨգδӰͫâ
ˣһ磬̤֮Ƭ֮󣬱ʮ̫ӵǰ
ҶҶѩжȻųĹʣ
ַ壡Ҷкһʱ¶һĨЦ⣬һĨõЦƺԵЩۣ·ص˶ǰͯʱ⣬ʱСǵõʱĺܶ飬ַµӡȴĥӰһڿֵַɲǣ˲ϳյַ壬һû䡣
ַ㣡ҶѩҲַ㣬Ȼؼʱˣϴһ
ʦַ֮Ǳ˵жȻųһַ֮·𿴵ϣ
ºˣʮ̫Ŀɨַ㣬۷Ϊһ
ղŲ˵ҳǰҪҳôַƽ˵ʹʮ̫ӵȻһֲ֮⣬ַ㡣
ʮ̫嶼΢΢£ĿĶǰӰյַ̫ˣͻȻ֣ڡ
ԣ۷Ϊһʮ̫жȻͷųһĨɣ漴ӱ˵ַ㣬ҲҪɱ㡣
˵գʮ̫ӽŲ̤ʱһɿֲѹַ֮Уз޵֮
ɱֲһȭַϣʮ̫ӵдżЦȻܿЦݱʧΪԼȭͷ·һ޷ҡʯ֮ϣ޴
䡢䡢䣡ʮ̫˫ȭͲϺַ㣬ȻһȭâֱַԴȻȴַȻͷһ֮âʹʮ̫Ӳҽһ屬ˣͣĲţһۣ·׹Ԩ
ַ㿴δʮ̫һۣĿɨЩҪЮСȺ֮ˣŲ΢΢̤ĵʮϢʱܡ
ˣһӰ˲ƿգߣַǲ𡣡
̼䣬һӰƿգﻹ˵ЩС֮ˣٵĶȥ·˼Ȱ㣬ӾŴ̫ַĨøɸɾʮ̫Ӹǲһַ䶼ûãǿɲ
ַ㿴ЩӰȻ׼ɱǣȻȴûг֣СӦɱЩˣַ㲻ұ֤ЩֻʶѰС򱨸ȻںƻСߣûκλɡ
ʮַ̫㣬㵽ʲôΪ
ַһȥ֮ͫ͸˶Է̼䣬ʮ̫ӵг׹ȥʹС֮޲ľǿʮ̫ӣвַһҪַ㣿
ʮ̫ַУСѣǷʮ̫ӣַ㶼ûаȤΪбҪ
ַ壡ʱҶһַת΢Цſǰ꣬ЦյСһ񶼳ôˡ
ҶַĻԴеЦݲöӣЦŵַ壬˵뿪С磬ȥ˴磬𣿡
ַ˵ͷ
𣿡ʱҶͬСӰ㣬ַǰɸоԼСӣָоʦǰѲڡ
ȻַЦʹҶֹƺ˵ʲô޷ڣգҶ˵˳ַ壬ȥ硣
ССӵĲпᣬǿǿ˶֮кܶΣգУˣŵСϵ𣿡ַǰСԴЦŵ
ҲΣաҶɫ¶֮ɫ漴·СȺ¶һĨаЦݣʦүү̣иλǶ֧Сȥģ𣿡
СȥɣСʷǿжôܹСϣ߳ȥһأҲʦһֻ̺̽ӡʦС
ӣȥɡҲ׷˵磬ʱǡ
Сصĵ˵ͷһϤף΢΢Щʪ󣬵ȵұǿ֮һǣôҳٲ
ַƽĿţа̾磬ѵͬСһˣѾȴһŴӵĳ֮ģΪˣ츳ŻΪɡ
һչ˺СġҶѩСȺ˵ʱַѾϣվһŴӵǰ
С̣չŶԡҶЦ˵
ǾͶҪˡʦĿ⿴ַ㣬ַ㣬һУС䣬Ĺ½ϵǶ֪˻ģ¶ûмˣȥ˴磬ǾͽӰиˡ
˵գʦֱӹڵϣһĻַɫһֻСϵ˷׷׶ַǰ
ʦַܴ˴񡣡ַǰʦֻʦַ㣬ƾС򣬾Եһ򣬿ңһҲΪӡ
һᾡչ˺Сġһɴ˵ַ㿴ЩϾĴӣֻооһȼ֮УܾûָоˣС۽ǵᣬַ㿪ڵСԸΪʦ
СַĻ£ԵЩ֪룬ʦȴͷһ漴¶ϲɫҶȵСаʦ񡣡
СƺҲʶʲô漴¶һĨɾЦݣ˫ϥأַַ塭Ӽʦ𡣡
Сһַ΢ЦŽҶԴСӵһŴӵĳ֮ģַҲͷ
ӽԺҵĵһλˡַ΢Ц£СֻǺɵЦţ۾ǳ峺ɾ
ˣСϴһʱհɣ´һ֮ʱٽ뿪ַҶ˵СϵǾһۡ
áҶ˵ͷ漴ַЩͲҪˣúҡ
˵ַ꣬תŲ̤֮䣬ӰʧҶȥӰ˫ȭգ¶ɫаģַ壬Զҵַ壬һʧģ


1838 ǣҵ
˻ľͻȻ÷嫰˻ģԴӱʼԼҩɹͳ֮ƽãȻһɾκˡ
Ϊڰ˻ĳʼҡԼҩɹӴ˳ԼڵǿߣնԣһеԵΪʼҺҩɹָ˲ɹ񣬲ɹյٹĪϧЯ֮˻ɱڽ֮ʼҵǿߣһˣλǿߣҩɹ
ǿʼԼҩɹ긲֮£Сǰ޹ˣβһɿֲ𣬸̳룬
ͬʱϢ֮ʼҵ˻ڽⱻΪ˺ʼҡ˾ռңԼңڵǰ˶Ҫ֪˴󵨣ǵ֪Ψһˣ̨ʮһ״֮һڻ֮Լµַ꣬㡣
Īϧձַѣַ㣬һǿƹ֮档
ܿ죬֮дţ쾳ַ̨̨״ӣֻؽ֡ɮգȻУǾˣ˵Ŀ˺ֵķɣһ񣬷·׹ֻأ֪жôǿˡ
ִҲԽԽֲ˲²⣬뿪С̨ʮһ״Ӷˡ
ȻʱַȴȻ뿪˰˻ģŷ֮ϣַڹƲдУ¿һƬƬ֮أ·ת֮һǳأ·Ƭ磬С˰㡣
СƬ磬ȻûбСַ۽ȴˣŷٶȣҲֲһء
һƬƬضͬưӹճֱַ֮С
أããѩɽհ˻ķ粨֮ʱضûиһ𴳳С磬˰˻ģҲ֪ȥ˺δƬѩɽɴص۹Ǭİ
ַããѩ֮УÿһѩһӡǰмصĵַһۣۣͣŲʣȴͬһƽ֮˰㣬Ϊ
֪λʦ֣ΪӦòǼ˿ַһۣ漴׷״ַ߹ûפͣѯʲô
ַɳǰţżһѩɽ֮УֻͨսķʽԼʵսһУַֻͬһ·˰㣬ĿһС
ʱַһɽ۵ıԵ֮أ·һѩɽȥֻѩɽһλŮѩתŽ˫ţƬƬѩϵƮ֮УУŸɾЦݣÿһתͬޱȵˣĶѡ
ˣڣѩɽƼį
ʱһӰһǳӰʡǷŲǼ˶ȥߵߣôѩУļһʧ
Ȼ˿ŮȴͣڵϵһֻۣվЦʫϣ
ллʫ϶΢Цŵ˵ͷ漴Ҫȥˡ
΢΢һʫϡ
ʫϿԷɴ΢Цôˣ
ʫϣΪʲôһֱ˶ңò𣿡¶һĨİˣʫһֱֱо˵ľû·˭ˡ
ûУܺãֻǣҲʺ㡣ʫƽ˵˫ȴԶƮİѩʧ
ʱֻһӰƮ䣬ͬһλŮӣҲǳȴżλߵʡ
΢΢Ƿѩ˵ͷ漴Ŀ⿴ʫϣʫϣǺαأԼӰ˻ĻҲ֪Ѿ뿪˰˻ģǰδ֪磬츳ܻ̳ҵķ֮λҴˣΪλ
ʫ΢Ц£ûлӦѩĻЩ£޷ͣҲ͡
ʫϣӦҲԶٳ֡ѩʫϳĬֿȰ
֣Ҳ٣ԶһϣʫϵЦʹѩɫ΢΢һЦҡͷǺοأ
ɫΪÿ޷⣬ΪλʫԸȴһڵˣԸѵ˾ô㣿
Ȼȥˡʫ϶ѩ΢΢ͷ漴Ż·ȥ
ǧ磬̨ؽһƮʫϵĶУʹûʫɫ͵һ漴Ľ΢΢ţĿ⳯ȥȻΨããѩκӰ
ˣʱֻһâҫһҳ˲ϢٻʫǰƮڿգǣųҫ۵Ĺԡ
ѩɫȻһž飡
ĿȻ䳯ΧȥûˣûκӰ
ʱֻâٶҫڻʫǰһѤĲɫ£͸ſֲɷ۶ɡ
ʫҲˣֻʧĿǰƷ漴̧ͷ翵ĿУַ㣬֪㣬Ϊʲôϼҡ
ûлӦ·û˳ֹʫϺã֣գڷ֣һҳԼ߲£΢Щַ㣬֪ˡ
ôѩӰ֮УɨΧһѩɽǹžͻµȷַˣ˭֮ʫأȻǼһﾹȻһ뿪ˡ
ǧ磬̨ؽʫϾ׽漴žͻĬĬȥûѰַ㣬ַ֪ҪĻȻַ㲻ĻҲ޷˿̵ԺֻǻصŸղǴеĻǧ磬̨ؽ
ѩɽԵַһһգȥܿ죬߳ѩɽӰٶڿն𣬴˴λС磬ȻҪԼںġǵˣϣǶܺúõģʫˣеȻҲùôĻѰȥ̨ȥɣڹžͻҲܻȫ
뿪ѩɽַ֮һվɽ۹ƼңȻƼңѳȥֻүӻڣǿȻֲԺ֮Уַģûгַ֣֪ںη
Ƹַ㣬Դϴλ֮󣬾ҲûлؼˣַоûµĻȥ˴磬Ļʮ꣬ûвؼҵɣǣȥ˼ңԶĵط
ַƼûͣãƸһЩöȻȥûȥɽ۹ĻʹһβҪȥˣĪϧȻؼһˣûѩµļˣʮ£׺ɣСһ񶼳˰ɣ


1839 Сħ
ѩ¹Ѿյѩ£ڻʽѩ£ħۺػ֮Ĺѩһȣֲȣʹѩ³Ϊʥأܱ˷׷ױѩʮķչѩ¹Ѿѩµ۹˼ΧĹȶѩµ۹İͼ
˵ѩ£Ѿѩɽ۹۹Ʒ۹ۺʵѱѩµ۹Խѩµ۹Уŵ֮洦ɼǿߣҲʱܹǰѩ¹ģ˵֮ˣ䣬Ѿѩ¹۷վѩ֮ۡ
ݳǣΪѩµ۹ĵ۶ǵ۹ģݳǣͼűѩµ۹Ҫֲ֮ʮǰ˼ʮԲ֮صһǳأȫԸݳǵĹϽԭݳ̫ǿߡҲԴǵ۹ġ
ַصݳǣ¶ϳСǣݳǣѾ׵ķ£߸ɭɭ֮𣬾¥ջĿ
˼־¥Ϊݳõľ¥˼֣ǹĸ֮أʮǰѩ¹Ĺʱѩ¹Ļʳǣݳǡ
ʲô¥ҳݳõľ¥˼־¥ҳƣȻɣУҲ޿ޡ
˼־¥УõľƣŮˡ
׻˵ݳǣͱҪ˼־¥ҵľƣˡ
˿̣˼־¥пҵľƣž¥Ůˡ
˼־¥Ķ¶ޱȣôݻȴø£һ̨֮ͤУƷűеҾƣŮ裬Ƶȷңһ̨ͤе꣬ѾΪƴʱɻһɻ֮УҾƴָожҪһء
еŮҲһµ٣Ů˿˶̲סе˿˿ջ˵ˣԣһ̨ͤеֻʮ䣬Ŀȣ·ƷЩŮ˵裬ȷʵܳΪ˸еޡ
ʡʮһ漴һڹ̵ľƣĿⶢеˣ¶ε֮⣬⵱Ȼһ˼־¥ܹ˼־¥߲ˣȻҲһݣҪôԺաҪôʵǿᣬȻҲһǧ
ۣһ촫ֻԴӲĴ£Ȼ߱˶һԣͷ˵żд󵨵˸һŮˣ޳ȶˣ͸ˬ֮֮УŮഺϢ
ݷǷҴˣݵȻҲͲһ㣬ֻһЦæ΢΢£Ц㣬
С쵰㣡Ů˵ֻ࣬Ůģഺʵ䣬ûм֪
Ц£ҲҴ𻰣ôɵЦţ·Ů㡣
˼־¥֮ϣȻֻһڹһ̨ͤУ꣬ǵĿа˼֣趯Ůˣźε̰ǿЩˣͺԷûд·㡣
磬˵ݳǵ˼־¥޵ŮˣԹȻ١ƫСаЦ˵һƣ¶һĨЦû˵ЩŮȻޣ˵Ĵ
ǣҲš¶һĨЦ⣬ζ
Ϊʲôšʵ
ΪҪҵĴ⴫ԣͲ档ЦݸʱǴҲЦǾҪûⱾˡ
仰վ漴ȥ
үֹֻһ轣ָ֮Ȼڵķλ
үҲֹΣЦŲɳǰڴʱâ䣬ֻЩ趯ˣв֪ںʱ˾µĽͬŰ㣬轣ˣͬȴżɱ֮⡣
¥裬ʮ֮⣬ɹۿһλŮƽ˵ȻȻĻ겢ûֱ̫Ӳʮ롣
ˣֻ֣һŮӳ̳âҫĿǿĽ£ֱ꣬͸ɭ֮⡣
˿һܹооܾ޵һ졢׼ݣ֪˼־¥ˣ轣ý
ǣһϵʱȴƤûдƣӣָļסˡ
һϣ˱ǿӵ˻Уʱһɱ֮٣Щ轣ŮӽΧղŵķΧ˲䵴Ȼ޴棬նȻý
ɶ̨֮ͤУƣЦǰһУĶܣСطܹɽκε顣
ȻһϽ֮ɫĻŰֻЩŮ˶ɫˣΪ˺ǿǿ׿Իˣ侳ˡ
ߣֻһˣʮҵվƺǳŭס֡
ӿһλԼ˶Լŭȣɵ¶һĨЦ飬ָ²գЦݸаǰ˭
ܷŭΪԷЩŮ˵ĲأΪȻ˲ʶԼݳǣʶ˺٣Ϊ̫
ˣĮŲǰ̤
СħˣȻûмˣȴ˵˵Ĵݳǣû˵Сħˣȷ٣˵ûУ̫ˣ̤侳ʮͻ䡢ʮѾһλߡ
ʵ˼ɣʲôʲôûܹܡҲû˸ҹܣΪѩµ۹Ժյݵλַ㣬׵ܣ
Ȼһ˳⣬ŮħţֻҶСħ
˳ˣûһķϻŮħĽ̵ӵжȭͷûȭͷһУǿջȭͷǵԣȭˡ
һȭɱʱƬշ·͸һɳ֮УصĳأѾƿ˴ذ塣
Ȼȭ׼ģȴŮӣӣŮ˵壬ǰ棬ԣ˵ȭͷòջأԷȭȴʱɱɫȭͷǿһ촫һȭֱӺȭͷϵĹѿˡ
ͤпţԼĶܺţСħһѩµ۹ѣ
ҲûжԼһֵ̳ĻСħҲţԣǶֻǿţˣ


1840 
ȻѣȻȴһ͵ĺâȻ䣬˷·޵Ԩ㣬¶һɿµ
ɰûһУ·Ҫ̵ԷĽ֮ʹöԷȭͷȭͷ֮ϡ
䣡һȭͷݺݵ˳ȥһȭûκεļɣΨһǰԼµİԵնǺݺݵһ
ͫһâɫİ·һ貵Ľɫ˵ȭͷն˹ȥȻȴ˵ȭͷ֮ϸһֲףɫ֮ն棬ʱʯױѣȭͷɹǰ񣬼ɫĹâѾȭͷѣ¶Ѫ
ǣһ֮֮ȭƿ˽ɫķ·𣬺˶ԷԴ
úݵļһȺ˵ĺݾɵͷݣˣСħ£ǵ£Լе
ɫ΢䣬Ȼ䣬ĻŽɫ⣬ͫɫӵпµĴ
һɿֲŭ֮ʹֻоԴըѣ֪ԼĶֺܲ򵥣Ӧõģ˼־¥ˣȻ򵥣򵥵ˣ˷ǵ۶ݳǣˣˣǰӣԲеκһΪҪǿ
ôߣ˵ݳǣѩµ۹ǸԶĽ򣬶ܺȻһ⡣
𣡡һɿµֻ֮˵ı˾ͷƺȫ̳κһѪͳޣ̺µֱӳŶԷ˹ȥ
Է̧ͷɫһɫĵ棬ޱߣ·ռ䶼ҪѣֱҪи˵Դ
Ӧóѩ²ŶԡĿⶢźս꣬Ŀ˸һâ
𡢺𣡡޷ĳŶԷȥ˵˫־Ȼֱӿ˶Է壬ɽɫĺâѪţû¡
ˡ⣬ˣһǸӣԱߵҲզ࣬ǻСħ
꣡촫޵һԴ˺ҧӵϣ̼˺ҧ¼Ѫ⣬ҪԷûȻʱһɿµ¡һ죬˺;һ
ͫһǰӰ漴ֻԷУһ貶Ŀɫ󵶣ſµķ
ǡ¥вӰ׷׶еĽɫ󵶣ɫӲÿֲǸеսľ
ֻӹ¶˳Ĵɫ鴤£Ϻͷţ͸ſֲɷС˸Ҷܵ
ܣɱǴ˵˵ʱɫޱȣɱ죬ɫķ֮ޱȵҫĿֱӳһնȥ
ˣܡСźһͬʱҲ˳Ȼһ̫죬쵽ٶȶϣѪŶСһֻоԼ·Ҫ㣬۾˲˿ǸΨһĵܵܣ׵ܵܡ
źһֻһֱ۷Ѫ˻һŭ㣬ܡ
˵ͬʱѾʼˣֱӴ˼־¥ȥСŵĽŲٵĳ˳ȥ˸졣
䣡һնɱѪţ޹Ůֱӱնɱ¥һµѷ죬ʼӻɷŲ̤ž¥ԱȥܵӰ
ӣӵȥҶңɱɱʹþ¥֮ϵ޲ͷ鴤һɷ񣬾Ȼܵѩ¹ˣе̫ˣ˿ɵ
һʲôˣѩµ۹ħɱаݣ漴ֻ˵Ĵߵߣʵû󰭰ɣ
˼⡣˵ͷɲѪɫΪ£磬һҪɱǡ
ɱɱɣѩ£˵оħۺػʵżŹǻħƺҵĺˣɱȥˡǴƽ˵·˵һ΢㡣
ƾֵӵеĻҪƽһѩµ۹׾ٵ飬ƵطǷգǶ̤㡣
ݳǵĻʹŴ˵˻ʱʳ˶Ǵ󾪣η׷˸˵Ķϱڣʱһɫ԰ףɫ䵽˼¡
˭ɵģ
ţô£
һĺڻʹУħ˵Ǽǧ谮һȻնһֱۣβŭ
ҿ쳷󷨵Уȥ˵ɫΪأʹɫһʲôˣСŶ˵ء
ˣôѪֱָ֮ۡ
ָˣնϵģܴءԴˡ
ͫɫѿʲôȼı
ǻǷǳ߼ĻԷͷ¡Сűߴ˳Сгȥ߿˵ԷӵּĻõһǴˣҾּͨıͨò
Ŵ˿Щַ㲻ڣʹȻǿأǿҲΪԸӵлֵܣǶԷɱǳΣա
Сţô£ʱֺ˵Ķϱڣͫ׶ʱһ΢ʹ˭նӵֱۡ
壬ǿǵһЩˣϽټң׼ȱһܡСŶֺ˵ʱֺɫһѩµ۹ǲ
СŲܻ˵ٻûôع˿Ĵˡ
ˣǲ㴳ĻֺĿⶢ˵
壬˵¡СŽ͵ֺûж˵ʲôȱһܰɣȥ֪ͨλǿߣ


1841 
СУǰ˽Ϊ˵رǾ½ȻȴС磬Ǿ½һѡ
ƬģΪ˻ľģ˻ģȡذ˻֮⣬ھģ˵ӡΪʮȻȴƺľζ
ʱʮһƬ޽ĵǧ˼ءգΪɫģƬ֮ϣһѵľ޴еˮҲǺɫģޱȵĺڡ
Ǿأ֮֮أľء
ţľأ̤⣬û˸̤棬СĽأľصĿֲ֮ǬɽܹģСʣԶ롣
Ȼ֮ƺҲˣľأˮ֮ϣһӰЩӰʷǷ·ܹŽ񣬶žľصƬһ޴ޱȵĺˮС
иǰ嫷ΧܹһСǶȥ֮УȫǺˮϵ¾룬ͬһɺڰֻǿһۣ͸˴Ŀ֮УУ֪ж
֮Ϊ֮⣬֮⣬ǵصԡ
дţ֮ףǵظڤɭ޴
ȻһжֻǴţ£м˸ģ٣ƬС磬˸ңֻǾľŵĺˮأοھ֮С
Ȼ죬ƺҪɡ
ֻһӰ̤˺ɫޱȵĺڰ֮ɫ·ŵľĺˮһɫƺǻˣԾĵˡ
˵壬̤˾ıԵ֮أУ̼䣬һɿµҪʴ壬廯ΪޣǺɫ·ӵڤĲȻܹھĵͣųСɾصľ֮С
Ļᱬ𣿡ʱյУһӰʵ
Ǿе΢΢̧ͷеǵӰȥڵһ𣬾ĵıڣӦüˡ
еӰ˵ͷɫһâħʥһƬӡС統УǧҵС磬ΣһҪջС
еͫһη֮ɫСУ֪Ƿ񻹻ӡǴڡ
ĶҲûãӡǴڣӦҲǵ顣еӰ˵ˣҽ飬ˣ
úСȥˣǰѩ¿ȻѩħļΪ˶һƬ⵽˵ħۺػʵСҲѩ³ֹ֪᲻зħż
е˿˵漴һ΢΢ͷ̽žĵİء
һУСǻȻ֪ģЩС֮󶼺ܵ͵ֱƬСǷħ⣬ȷҲûʲôֵעĵطΨֻѩ¹ˣϾħļ磬ҲΪѩ¡
ַ㵱ȻҲ֪ߵΣЩСʱػС׷ɹǿƨҷһڣڣҲûַἰ£Щ׷ɹǲһ׹Ԩǿߣɽ¶ǡ
ʱַѩ¹ϤĴءϤϢ̤˿ͷ΢Щ飬˿˿Цݡ
Ŀ⿴ǰֻݳǺȻӡ
ݳǾȻŵˣ֮յĽࡣַаһ¶һĨ͵Цݣֻˣ׼Լļ뿪ݳǵԸԼߣԽ˶룬Ҳǡ
סĸףһˡ
ַǴһĨõЦ⣬ҶСţǶ
СˣӦó˰ɣ֪ʲôģˡַ˿˿ů⣬о΢΢Щһʮ֪꣬Ҷôˡ
ۣڴʱַоԼ£̼䣬ϵЦ˲䵴Ȼ޴棬ȡ֮üͷ
ӡˣַɫЩӲ뿪ʱ򣬸ӡǣӡʮδ˲Ȼգȴˣֻһֿܣ﷢顣
ˣϵЦʧַٶȶȻ䱩ŷ֣˻һɿݳǵУ̼䣬ݳǵֻоͷϿһɿµ쫷̯λֱӱ˶޷վȣǶ¶Ȼɫ̧ͷȥȻȴֻܿһӰ


1842 ĸ
˼־¥ֵλӴ˿ѾݳǵĻʹΧ˶˾޴ĲΣݳǵĻʹǶʥۣ޵Уǿ֮˶࣬Ȼ顣
һǿ߰ȻֳֽɫĴ󵶣Ŀֲ˸оĲ
˵ǻվħСֵʱ˻ǿֳֻս죬û뵽ûɱʹУݳǵĻʹˡȺľǰʹػǿߣ˵԰˻ľĽǿߣˡ
ԼɣһˡһվյУ͸һĨЦĿ⣬ǿˡ
үбܱܡǿɫӲɫǳÿԷȻΪߣǻǷǳƷĻȵõĻҪ̺ܶ࣬ǿĽϵ޼᲻ݣԷʵǿһ㣬Ǹް㷴
һһ˵Լеҧ˵
ˡСźһˣˣô㸸ĸ罻
Ŀ죬ֺκɣסĸף˶ԲǣҲʲôֻʵǶҪúõģҪұԺøұ𡣡
ˣҲ׼ȥκ۽ᣬ߾ôһӣôȥ
һȺϰ롣еӴն£ʱƬշ·𶼱иһɿµĺڰѷ֣СĿռ޷˿µĹµѷ죬ҪûһС
߿С˳ȥ˽ɫǰ¡һ֮ɫ䣬СŽ㣡
䣡һҫĿ֮ⶸȻŶСųһĻûнݻ٣ȻǿֲѷȴǽСŵȥ
СţжȻ䴫һը죬ַĳ˳ȥһץʱֱ˺ѷ죬֮Уµѷ֮ŰţȻַȴκֱӳһâ˹ȥ
Сţַ㺰һѷеСŻĻѣǹĻ̺µķʹַ΢΢˿ϻк֣űɱ
ַ磡Сſַ֮ϲ漴ַֻСŵ屧ס漴ѷ죬ݳǵһطȻȴ̤ص˻ʹ֮أʱһĿȫַ
ַ㣡

һʹеһ¶ɫַˡ
κ۽ˮַˡ
ǵУַǵܡ
ַ㣡Զ˷׷׶ַ㣬Ǵ˵еȻ˵ᡣ
˵ĿҲһֱַ㣬ϴμַʱѣĸ磬û̫ӡֻڴǵĿĸִ˵
Ǹ𣡡һЦ˿̵ȻЦó
磡˴ַĿ⳯˿ȥ˳СţȻֻһˣˡ
˵ĶϱԼǲõЦȴоͷһʹһɷɱϯ
ʲôˣַ㶢Ӱʵѩ¹ȻǿĻЩѰˡ
ǼģƺΪ˾ǣУ˸ļһӱЦַһʱһâɱһҽֻӵһֱֱӷɵ
ɫȻ漴񶾵Ŀⶢַ㣬еĽɫſֲѹǰ
ȻһѹȻ佩ӲֻоԼҪˣɫ䡣
磬ҶĻҪɱɫмַɫ徹ڿգַ˻û˲佫ԷŪ΢˵ߣ漴ֻâ˸һޱȵĴ󵶳ַУſµĴطǰƷַʥɱǿдָеõġ
Լַ㽫󵶽ˣʱ˵˵ͷմ󵶳ǰ̤ӵΪ̸ֻãֻƾӡ
ɫ࣬Ȼоõַ˵ĻеĻҪǿʶԼƺҲߵˡ
ɱŭһɱ˹ȥַŲ΢̤곤һǰһֱսʱҲ˻Ŀַ㡣
ַֻһ̤ʱ˸оһ޷ֿѹϣֻһվס
ַʵͫ״͸Էʹɫסֶڲֻ۾ͬʱȵ˵仰
˵ַĵ
֪ҲĶ֣ɱңɱұȻϵӡǣڵǲģ¾ʹաַ㼱۾ٴǱߵס֣ȫ嶼Ҫ
ˣһֱͫӴ͸ݻ־ĸ֣ʱϸһħ⣬·־ַߡ
ַȻȴڴʱַȴоǿ־·𴥷ʲô㣬âҫĿֲ־ʹ£漴ǰâҫĿȻһӰ
Ȼӡǡַɫһվеǿߣڰۣ˫ɫģ·ֻһĿ£һ۷·ȥ
ۼ־ַͫ΢ѩ¹ôô˽١
ӰĿ⳯Ǳ߿һۣĵס֡
һɱӷ񣬽ԷһжȻʱĿתһӰٿַ㡣
ɱַһ³ɱ֮ˣֻнûˣ˶ԷնһֱۣҲն˶Է̸ֱۣס֣ɱֻһǰ
á͸˷֮ɫٶɱ˳ȥӺүҡ
ӰŭһȻʱһɿֲĵ֣ʹͫһĿⶢַ㣬ַУ˰˱ֲ̫֣̺ѹ
һҲַеİ˱ֽ̫Է˿̫ҫĿӳڶԷӰ֮ϣ漴ŭն񷣬ղϱѣһƬĿռ仯ޡ
ŭһ屬ˣȻ۱İ˿̫ûƬӰҲһû
ȺͷȻƬ·ûˣޱȣͬһźڰ֮¿꾹Ȼûɼжôľ׼ȫӰϡ
ʱɫ԰ޱȣ嶼΢΢ӣֵܶǷӣ۵ӡǶе۱
Ҫɱҡ˽ŲˣȻַͫٶȴ͸漴ʵңһСΪ˺£˿̻ûǿƬСС
ԾĸСΪ˷ħʥշӡľľأ˲ˣʣе۾ǿߡǷ·ΪԼأַᣬӦ˵
ĸħʥַͫ΢΢ħħʥһָħˣֻƬ˶Էħ֪̫٣ԶƺۣĸˣȴƺħΪħʥ
ͺһ۵ȻԶֹ۾磬˲֪۾嵽ʲô𣬾ȳۣ֪ˣһֳƺˡ
ĸǾ½ǿʲô磿ַٴʵ
ĸҹǵѰҾľǾʥ֮ڴ˵ҵǿ֮Ǵ۾ûüǿԷӦڣʹַа½ҵ½ıԵС磬ɼԷ˶Զľ룬ԷĻǿЩˡ
ΪҪѰҾľأַٶʵ
žľڲصظȻٲ֪ľضҾĸдãħʥһŭһƬ嫿ռӡ浽С磬ҲƬ統Уľء
ԷӦ˵ʹַ𺳣ħжǿܹһƬ嫿ռӡС磬Ƭ磬ǷħС硣
˵ħĹѩ£ҿƬطûйżΪأַٴʵ뵽˻ĺ֮·ӡƬѩ£ѩ¹̫ˡ
Ҳôоħʥܽż˲ͬĵطαһƬ͵ƬռͬС껺˵ʹַֻȻ֮УСյףڱҿˡ
ĺŹзӡѩ£ǹżѩ£Ƿħαġ
ңƬȷǷħС磬Ȼ۵ħ֮ΪλɽС
ˣַ˫ڵͫУĻʧټƶԷȻȴȥˡ
ʱҲն˶ԷȻַĿȴΪأ¾Ȼǣ˷ħۺ;ĸ


1843 ַҰ
ħӡһƬռ䵽ԼС統У֪ǶǰʱħѾĸ˳ΪʥѲ֪ˣƬСĴߣ˵Ŀ£ϧħʥûȥС֮£ǷΣһƬС綨ǿ󵽲˼ĵز
ַеħֻǽС統ԼɢĵĵطֻҪƻС
ǾĸľʥҲǸݳǵȷǲܴˡ
磡Ŀ⿴ַ㣬¶һĨЦ⡣
ַ㿴һ˵Ķϱڣаݣһʮ꣬СԸȫͬȴ͡
ַ㵱ȻҲСһﺬŽԿ׳ɥ־ãǸѪԶɡ
ǰᴩ˵֫ٺַ˵ԴϺݺݵ£ʮļһôôҰ´½Щ
ٺ١˲Ц£ַôԴЦ˵ʮ꿪ʼһ˴£ƾһ޾ηģһǰѩµ񻰣ҲʮˣҲܱҸ̫ˡ
ҪǵðȫַȻϣ·ûκʵֻڵɽﴳ˲һַҪƽ
˵Ӱ˸£ַ֮ϣĿ⿴һϤӰʱзһɹů
סĸסַŶϺһκ۽΢Щʪ󣬶ֺȴǲסĵͷС㣬˵ֱۣ
һκõġַ㿪˵κɺֺŷַֿơءѩǣҶأ
ַʻʱɫ΢һһĻʹַһĨĸо漴Ҳ˹Ӧ׵ģҶ᲻Լơ
Ժȥַ΢Ц£漴ڵĸףû̫ʱ䣬ҪźһЩ顣
ȥɡκ΢΢ͷַֻ建ڿգ֮
Хһǿƿգһ㡣
빪漴ַֻһʱһ⻪һյУſµǿʹý֮ͫȫ΢΢£𺳡
ЩǻǺ˶Ļ
ȻЩַȴʲôջɱһЩ඼Ǵκһ϶һ⣬֮Բȱ
һѡһַƽ˵ʱ֮Ŀ¶һĨ֮⣬漴˸׷ѡϲõĻ
ʮѩ£ȻҲ΢ʣȻ˿̣ȴоֵˣԶڰ˻ľĽҲ˰ɡ
ѩ¹֮ѩ¹췭ظ֮仯һʱںϾ֮ΣԸµ˼£Ҫ뿪ѩ¹ˣǨȥȡ
ַʹΧ޲Ĳѩ¹Ҫˣ
Ȼʲô飬ѩ¹ᷢ츲صı仯
ǣΪ׵ֵܶ˳£漴Ӧ콣֮˸׼ѩ¹λȥ
ַĿڻʹ֮УʹųѪŵѩ¹߾ţҲΪѪţڳѪŶԣַ㣬񻰰ѪŸˣͳελ
Ѫַһȣ
Ѫڣһ뻮һ쳹ʹֱ
ҲһٶϢѩ£ظѩµеطҡѩ¹ȵҵĻɢַ˷
Ѫ£ʱŲѪſʼٶжӴ鱨ϵͳʼС
һգѩ¹ĴǷշɳۣڵϱڣϢʼԿֲٶȿʼȥһǽһǡ
ȻϢ֮˶ԵģͨˣǸ޷߳ѩµ۹Ľ򣬵ȻһҲ뿪ѩ£ԶЩˣһѡǨģΪûбҪ
ѩµ۹ʼַ£ѩ½䣬ӴһʱںϾϢ̫ˣһʱ޷ȥҲ޷ϡ
Ǻַ֪νľ䣬ָõģǻģ
û˸ϢַֻǸһܼ򵥵ѡѩ½о䣬ȥо
ϢµʱݳǵĻʹˣҪͬѡ񣬶ңҪȽо񣬾ѡ£ʹ֮УΪַĵϵַ㣬۷ʲô䣬ǵַ㣬ǳԿġ
Ȼ˸־ҲкһֵѡȥַûҲûʸǿȱˣ˵ɡ
֮·ʹ˷֣ݳǵĻʹȻΪһճǣһƬΪİӰȺͷ󺧣׷ʲô飬ѵѩ»ʹе˶Ƭص֮У
һУ޴ӵ֪ͬѩ¹һݳǵˣжʼ˾޴ĲΣȥ
ַֻµʱ䣬ѡȥĻǱ뾡̣ǱȽϽѩ¹߾߳ѩ½
ЩʱУһλֲǿ߽ݳϿ֮أǿݳɨʹ˸оһɲһѹȻǿʲôûҵջɱ˵ѾУļˣʹˣзŭֱӴ֮Ϻһӡʹѵ嫵ĻʹӴ˳Ϊ˷һƬ
ʵַ֪ݳпһУַףշħĽѾˣħҲһֱѩ£ֻвʱİ˻ʡ
ǿȥַ֮Ҳ뿪ݳǣʼ̤ѩµÿһ䣬ͬʱһУʼԼС硣
ʱһɽ֮ϣһӰϥȻַ㣬ȴǱϵġ
ַ統УһӰ֮У𺳵ĿǰһС
磬С𣿡𾪣Եַ㣬ѩ¹оʱվѩ¹ݳǵϿգһ硣
ˣκɵҲˣʵôַľ磬ȻѾܴһƬѩȫһ
ˣҵС磬ͬҲѩ¹ԺƬС磬ΪһƬʢַ΢Ц˵
ֺüͷ΢΢ţߵַߣС㣬ҪƬ縲ѩ£
ף£ѡȨµˣΪƬĵһԭסҾǵġַ㿪˵һἫٽƬܻϱơǿ󣬰֮󣬸ףҲῴһ磬ѩһң


1844 ۹Ǩ
ѩ¹һ֮УʱַӰһַ㽫ƬռԺ֮У漴Ų΢ַ̤˹ŷС
ѾһˣٹãͣѩµˣһشǨ㣬ΪĹ磬ַҪеԭòԺܻɺģ컯ˡ
Ƭַ̣ĽŲһϵĴׯУׯ˶Щͨˣ˽ӴҲλ඼侳ˡ
㣬ûյѩǨ֮ַߵһλƤ֯ĸŮǰ΢Цһ
ˣǰЩһ֧Ǵ´˾帾̧ͷַһۣ漴վ΢ЦԶ˰ɣȥ㵹ˮ
ַûоܾӹ帾ˮһڣʱоЩЦŵǴׯʲôûУ
帾Цҡҡͷ磬ǲǣٴҲմϱߣαҪȥϹģ÷Ѿ˼ȵĳУȻþ̲Ϊ·߳ѩ£αء
帾΢Ц˵ţʱԶһ׳꿸ǹ߳ìЩһͷͷҰޣȻǴԹ
˭ˡʱһʵ帾վ΢Ц·Ǵˣȿˮ
ֵܣһȾƣ⡣꿴ַˬЦַ˵ͷûоܾϣ֮˾ۼһ𣬳ſ⣬дŮ裬ǲַֺȺ֮УִӵӣȷǶԣƽǵҸȤ
һ죬ַһ𰲾ڵϣô¶һޣڶȻȥ㼣߱ѩµÿһ䡣
ֱµ޵ѩµ۹в̻̲֮Уǰ£ѩµ۹췭ظĴ££ָʲô顣
ѩµ۹ݳǣʹУַԼļ˶ڣѣѪŵˣԼˡ
Ƕȥü뿪ҲǡַʵѾЩˣһ·ѩ֮
ˣԸ£Զػѩ¡뻮һڳѪŶԣѩµҫǵҫԶѩ¶ȥ
áַ΢΢ͷ漴򽣸ˣ񽣸ڰ˻ĳ뿪ػؽ󣬽һǰ̡
Ŀ˫ȭգѵģΪ˵ĸѩ£ȴǽˣַĻһ㲻תܽԶѩ¡
Ҿ¡һ£ľǻؽ󣬿ţҪһѣҪѰͻƣַ㣬ܻһҲ˵Ըһء
ãұ㲻Ȱˡַ˵ͷ漴ֻһʱ֮ҫĿ漴嵱Уһҳֱӳֱʡ
ʲô̧ͷĿⶢзһҳ飬Ȼǽ֮Уƺӡ޾ͼ·̻һƬ㡣
ˣâȻҫĿȺֻһҳţĻضڵס˵ͷϿգҷĳԶɢȥ·޾
ݳǣڵסˣݳǵͫ΢΢ţ֮ϣ·һƬ磬һƬõ磬Ƭ·֮۶ɣʵ飬׽ңԶ֮ϡ
ǡݳǵĻʹУЩ֪֮΢΢ţǸһҳ飬һƬ磬ͬ¥硣
绯С硣ǿĿⶼַ㣬˵һЩʵС磬ʵСɽɣɽһܹûΪ磬ȹ̶̳ȣǸС˵ǿ̶ȶġ
ȻǿߵСַܺôֱ֮ϣַҪʲô
ܿ죬ѩµ۹֮ˣηǶԼϿճһƬõ磬Ƭõ·һ֮۶ɣƮޱȣ𺳵ǣƬֹͣŵʱǷ·𿴵ԼڵطͶӰ
Ƭ֮ɵ磬ǲ̤ĵطȫغˣ
Ǿ˵ķ츲صĴô˭ܸǣ⵽ô£
ݳǣʹݳǻʹУȺһɫӲϿ֮أϿյͶӰҲݳǵĻʹһģһ
䣡ַһ³ʱ֮֯ɵ糯¿ս٣һ̣ѩµ۹޲оҲţһõ罵䣬⵽Ǹǻ
ܿ죬ڽѩµ۹Ĵ֮ϣ·غһɣ·õİ㣬ʵѩµ۹ȫغϣȺվԭأûκε飬ȻȴоԼܣ£һ֮
׷ʲôȺоҵĲţδ֪Ǹе˿˿Ŀ־塣
ʱǲ֪磬ѾڿʼУΨַ㳬Ȼ⣬վԭĴ֮ϣǰһƬڿն֮ʼʵĳСôʵ
磬ҵ磡ַĿ¶һĨ΢Ц漴ֻƬСȻеȴȻ֪վѩµ۹Ǹ޷󣬴˿̵ǣѾһˣվڵĴءգѾԭ硣
λһѩµ۹ݳǻʹʧַӰȻٴγ֣·ƾճֵİ㣬ʹ𺳵Ļʹͷٶ΢΢¡
磬ղôͻȻˣ˿ַ㣬ɻ֮⣬Ҳ׷׽ĿͶַ㣬ƺڵַش
Ȼַȴֻ΢Ц£ûлشֻһǿĿ˸Žâַʵ⡭ԭѩµ۹𣿡
ַĿһЦ⣬⽣ǿߣڵԶѩµ۹ǣҲһֱѩµ۹𣿡
ǿ¶һĨ⣬漴΢΢˵ͷףѩµ۹Զǡ
ʱѩµ۹̧ͷգǷ֣ƬõѾˣΧҲûˣһз·𶼻ָ糣ûʲô仯ֻż˷ܱߵĻƺϸ΢ı仯ǰ̫һֲһ¶˿˿־壬ǲ֪׷ʲô
磬һڱĿݾ򿪸֮ȴֿݾѾˣֻǵķݵĳ䣬м·ȻȴҲûˣֲͬѩµ۹ÿһطһЩ˼ϸ֮ˣ޷ס
ַܹһƬһ磬ȫһܶϸڣַûа취ע⵽ԣֻܴһƬƵ硣
ȻЩϸ΢ı仯ʱվᱻģΪһУƲͬʵָûκεĲͬѩµ۹УܱߵҲɣ磬ճת


1845 ǣ
ַ磬ݳǻʹǵѾʧˣѾҪ󷨵ıȡ֮һ˲֪Ĺ˻ʹУµɲǣ̼䣬ʹݳǣǿʢ֮
ң֮ڲϵĳѩµ۹ÿһطŹ˶ãѩµ۹Ƭַеĵһ½ŷϢΪһƬʥء
ʱ֮£ַԼǶڣȵķĿ˸磬Сʱ͸ҵ̺ķǿ̫ˣ޷ȡ
Ȼڣѩµ۹һɱ䡣ַ΢Ц˵ҲҪ˷ԴˣָܹĶϱۣϴ壬õɱ䣬Ҳ
֪΢ЦŵͷֺκȻ֪ܷʲôȴûжʣѩµ۹ڣݳɣҲڣⲻ͹ôǶԣһУûʲô仯ǳ
ַ㴴Сԭ򣬵ȻҲΪԼļˣǵĽ˽СУδ̫ģȻ۹ԼС磬Ƭ翪ʼܣҲԭһʱǣûκεĺ֮ǡ
סĸףæ¡ַ΢΢ͷ漴Ųһ̤գʧԭأƬַ̤֮ѩµ۹ı߾Ҳ羡ͷһţκ˶޷̤ȥ֮ǰѾѹѩµˣ˴ѩ¿ܻһʱգǿ磬Ҳȥһ磬Ͼ뷨̫
ֱַ̤Ƭ磬ڵ۹֮⣬һɽɽ֮Уһļͬʱɽ棬˼ħɽıԵܻϿȡͨԶ
һУַɽһ֮ϣļɽȼ֣ʵ
漴ַŲٶ̤˳ȥʼܻĵطԼĴƬ粻ȥֱоԼ֮Ѿ޷ܻµĴ½ͣеһУԼ磬վյַ¶һĨЦݣִĸо
Ƭ磬ȱٵıֻԼʱ䣬ȻҲʱܣַΪֻһ۹࣬ƺЩܻҪꡢǧŻ߹ģ
Ȼַƶ򣬽ֹսɱĻᷱܵø죬Ȼû˶磬֮ܳΪԣһеճУûƶĹ䷢չ
޾յУַƶˣ¿յѩµ۹ϵЦΪãƬ磬ס
ҵ統Уܷеߣ򣡡ַ૵뵽˵򣬵硢Ƽ磬½磬ǵܻ̲ͬظĻͬ˵κεĽ
Ȼ½ܴռô
ơΪλƣƶ緱ܣ֮ΪԴ磬Ҳ޷ѭȻ޷ѭǣأֻӵЩ磬ܷƬķ
˼ãַһӰʧ
磬ѩµ۹տҲ˸е£ѩµ۹ڣࡢ޳㣬ȫʧˣǶݵһ˲䣬Ȼ޴档
ѩµ۹ı߾Щǿѩµ۹ִԵˣ޲˵Щ˵ֻҪôǷˡҪôǺˡ
Ȼܿѩµ۹߾ȣʼһĴ˵ѩµ۹Ϊһյĵ۹еˣ·һҹ֮˼ʧˡ
ˣǷӵҲᱻɣܿ죬ԽԽ̤ѩµ۹ԽԽֲġԡʼӣԿֲٶȴܱ߸ܶǲŵģΧ˽ʱκ˶ⲻ˻ɣǱȥ̽ţǽӴ࣬࣬Ŀģ˸еһľս
ԣΪ
ټѩµ۹Ϊһ޾ĿճǣûκӰ޶ˣû֪ѩ·ʲôҲԶ֪Ϊ˲֮գ˿ڿʼѩµ۹Уδ֮ռ˴ޱǿҵĺҪ⿪յףȴһ
ַѾ뿪ѩ£ƬһƻϾ;㣬ȻһսҪȥģСĹ֮Խȫ;ȥ׷ǿľ硣
ĺ֮˵Ľأʾǿߣ̤ĺ棬Ȼ˿̣ȻһӰǱҵĺڰ֮ĺ֮ϣһɹɿֲĻĺ˳ϵĳ壬ȴ޷ҡֺ
ŻĺǹʱսŻ֮˵ѪȶɣһʱĻĺ²ĻĺܻƬĺĻҲַ֮૵һ漴ֻü֮˵ֻ۾ֻ۾֮һɿֲȻ䴫ϯĻĺ·ֹϢ
һ޳֣ͬʱſ޿ڣɻĵ·ҪȥԼǡ
ַڻĺǰУ·ڻĺУϴνʱ䣬Իĵ򱾾ѾһĲΣɻĺ˭˵ɱΪء
֮󣬾ʮľصıԵ֮أһλһϯۣȻɫȴΪƫƣƸյùһ󲡰㣬ݿ㣬ȴ˼ȻһȻ̤صıԵˣȻҲַ㡣
ɱе֪ĸ֮ˣΪľضĸεӵп뵱ʥǾǧѰƬأɼһʱѪľأΪ֪ܡ
ַһľصıԵľһ֮ڻʶ˸̤㣬ɼֲ֮Ȼַȴ̲סҪƬء
ɫءɫգصеĺǺɫģޱߣ·Ծĵ
ַھΧ㿴ӰǿߣһǷǳʣӹɣСгһ˵ľĸˡ
ַûȥЩˣԶϯضڵϿ̻ʲôʵϣ;УڵϿ̻˺֮ܶͼͼ
Դ۾ǿߣַ㵱ȻҪСһЩģʱ׼Щܹܣ


1846 
̻ͼַ㳯һˮȥֻھ֮һλǿ߿ַ㣬Į˵Ǻˮ֮أ㻹ԶЩĺãĪҪ
ˮǾ֮ˮַ̧ͷ΢Цſǿߡ
ǡĸǿ΢΢ͷ
ǱˣľأҪ֮ˮǷĴַ֮ߵһˮԣʼַ㲻Ȱ棬ɵһַҪҲû취ˮǵظ֮ˮ֮ˮַΪ֮
ַֻ΢΢ӣںˮ֮ԣĽֳźˮȥųư˻ľĵһأȻĺҪֲ֪ٵľĺˮжֲ
ַˮУ̼䣬һ˲Ӷϣַ̼仯֮ɫ·ҪƬˮΪɫصһ֡
ʿַ㻯ɫ΢΢һĨЦǲȰĽˮظ֮ˮôġ
ˣڴʱַֻӿһĹ⻪漴ڰ֮ɫʧ·ַڣ壬ٶȻָԭģ
򡣡еʲĿַ㣬һﾹֿܵˮʴ
ĺˮַ˿ȴ૵һֻֽˮ֮УҪɼˮжôĿֲѹֱΪ˻ľĵһأ߱СУȷû˵ֿˮĿ
ַ㽫ջأ漴Ŀ⿴գ΢һЦ⣺ǰˮ֮ˮѵ֮£Īǻڤ򲻳ɡ
ȥ֪𣡡ǿЦ
ǰ˵Цַ㿴еӰ¶׵ݣЦΪãеҲŵЦ⣬ȻʱЦݶȻʧˣȻ޴棬Ϊ¶Цݵַ㣬˿̡Ȼ˺ˮУ
ַ̼˻˺ɫʹеǿɫһ΢΢鴤ţôܣȻ˺ˮУⲻ
ַ㵱Ȼʵϣ˫طˮҪҲôףںˮУȴеܹᵽĸоˮ·Ҫһˡһʬ⣬ˣҲ˺ɫ
ǰҪҪһԣˮҲûдеô¡ɫַ̧ͷеǿߣʹ΢΢鴤Χʷ׷˸ַںˮ֮иɵɫһȻܲ
ΪʲôҸо˵ر𣡡ַ૵̧ͷеļλǿߣ̫ˣҪ⣬·ġԵ
ķƬݵģķ򣬱ƬصŨأȻ˿ܵƺҪ⡣
ַ˳źˮǰȥĸͬʱ壬·УʼһĲʳţ·Ҫ뵽Լ嵱ȥ
еʶĶַ㣬Ƿ·Ҫַ㿴һλ侳ˣôܹںˮгΣǾĸ˶޷ܹںˮеˣҪôǿĴڣҪôˡ
ˮܳԽǰˮ·ҲԽΪǿԽᵽĸоɫ·Ѿһˣǣˡ
ߵȥеʶַ㣬аֻʱַͣǰĻԼҲܲסɻ˱ˡ
ַۣôںˮУǺɫʱ·ѾǸˡ
ĸǿӶԷܹ֮໥𾪡
ңַһɣǺüʱ䣬ż˳źˮǰȥ
Ȼûĸ𺳣ǷԼһ
ʱַ۾üͷֻоˮУһɰӿΪƽɰ·ʱܱ㡣
ˣԶһӰƿնЩӰۣ͸ɲϢΪһˣ۾·ڤһ۾ܹȥ˫۾ΪĶ
ǵȻַ㣬ĿɨʱַֻоӲ·˶Ҫ˫۾
ҹ˶΢΢̬ȹΪ֮ƽĵ˵ͷ˫ݣȴſֲ䵱Ȼͬ
˭ҹĿ⿴ַ㣬ƽһ
ҹ·ˣȻܹںˮдղֻһλǿ߹ĻӦҹ΢΢£ƺЩȣΪܹںˮղѵӵľڤ岻ɡ
ʱмӰƿնǵ۾ǿߣǿҹͬ΢΢ҹ
ˡҹƽ˵ܹҵģǵĹһ£ģʱᱬ
Ѿ˺ü£֮״İԽԽǿң¾뱬Զˡһλ۾ǿ߿˵ַϵôˣѩ¹λ汲
ҹ΢΢ͷֻгһɫ««Щǿ߶ͷ΢ҹĺˣ׼ȡľ衣
Щĸ˵Ҫʲôľأִʲôܣַе˵ľıӦñָˮ֮µǹɰɡ
ֻҹŲ̤žľصǹ̤ȥֻ嶸Ȼ仯˺ɫ·о֮֮תݣֱ̤֮С
ҹʱҲͬһУžеʹЩĸǿͷ
ҹʵȻ£ֱ֮Са漴׷׳ǾϿնȥַںˮУûҹУַǸ·ˣǵĿģǾġ
ĸǿڵȣַҲڵȣһֱںˮУԽԽǿоԼھˣ˼ˡ
ʱĹȥˮ֮µİҲԽԽǿַ޷֮С
䣡ڴʱһַĿ⣬ֻžľصȥֻҹ𣬶¿յľУһɺˮֱʣһɿµʼ
ˮˣӿøļַȻַĿȴһֱǱߣˮʣֱ֮ϣͬϵٲʱƬˣƬ񷣬·Ҫĵ磡


1847 ظ
ÿֲģ֮ףڤַ㿴ƬΪڰʣһɿֲľĺڰŰɢȥ쳹׵ڱεַĿһɨԶ·Բǧأ񶼳Ϊա
ˣַֻоһɾĺˮ˳Լ
ˣַƿգǹɿµľأ˿̵ĺˮѾ˺ˮ˳ĳԶȥһ˳Ҫǲ֪Զ򣬽ƬҲľء
ֻҹڿգֱ̤ǱľϿգӿľĺˮ˸ŷâ
һʱеľĺɳ漴Ȼ󣬾һ޴ޱȵĺ«дһǿʢµ֮䣬ľķĳź«жȥС
ľ衣ĸǿĿⶢűľģ˿Ǳɵľ֮ˮǾľ衣
ǾĺأƬշ·𶼱һصȥˣ·ضҪУǹɱľҲ޷ֿɵ
ĸȻȡĺˮģַаǾбľĺˮΪ£Ǿĵľȫĸҹ˺У«Ϊɵ۱¼ǹһû⣬Ƭ̵ʱѾв֪ôӴľĺˮ档
޾ľ֮Ȫӿ«УǾ֮·ȡ֮֮߰㡣
¡¡ãǾĺ«Ѿ֪ȡ˶پˮ¿մ¡¡Ĺ죬ĺˮ·ԽԽˣȻ«еĿҪǾһж̳
ڷĲţź¡¡Ĺ촫ַֻоǾ·ʲôϸ
ʲôڴʱַֻǾг˽漴ַͫ׳׵ǰȻһ嫵ĹڶһɫĹ䡢ڰͬڤסڤ
ҹɫҲȻ£ĿֵĹɭڵĹſ˴ţ·̤С
ظڣҹɫһŹȻΪ棬ľģ֮أǵڡ
ظַͫ׽Ӳֻо𺳣૵еĴڣ
ΪʲôûеĴڡҹ΢Ц£ַ벻ȥ
ַ΢΢鴤£Ĵڣ
ǿҵĺȥȻһȥ֪жôֲĽ֣ӡУڤ磬Żµǰ֪Ǵ˿ȴ룬Ͷ̥ĵطҲˣǧٹ֣˿Դһ磬Զڣʲôܵġ
ַǲҵģЩʱҲС
㣬ȥҹĿⶢַ㣬ʹַͫ΢΢һҹֻԷͫױ˫۾·͸ĸУʥƿأַ²⣬ʥܾܿʥۼǿߣҹ۾磬۾ɱȷ̫ˣӵе۱Ҳûġ
ǰظʲôطַĿ⿴ҹ΢Цʵ
ûȥҹҡҡͷ
ǰҽȥǰҲûκεİ𣿡ַڣȻҹȴ΢΢ҡͷ˵ȷһ£ȥˣܲܳ
ô򵥣ǰҵԣַ΢Цҹʵڵĵ˵ͷУַȷֵһᣬһĺģֶΪ
ûѡˡַʼ磬ҹɶĽŲĴȥ
ظұǷǡظַŲ̤̤˹ţһַ̤˲һƬռ䣬ĿռǺڰģȻĿռ䣬ȻģǰһͨƣͨߣȻ˰أЩ˶ףֳַǵĿַ⳯㿴һۣ漴תͺûпַ㡣
ַͷһۣѾرˣǳȥˡ
ȥֻмǰߣ̤Ʈַ˳ͨǰУܿ죬һϣŷ·һţŲƣȴЩǹϴ˵еκţκǰһλӣһˮЦַ㡣
ַɫһߵǰӡ
ʱӽе볯ַݹ浱Ȼһˮ
𣿡ַʵӵ˵ͷַϵĽӹˮһȹµݸӡ
ӭڤ硣΢Ц£ӹ漴ַָǰ
ڤ磡ַͫ΢΢ˣŶ̤ȥߵŵıԵǰƮһۣӶͷֱӳ¿̤˹ȥûգԼ峩䣬ܿ죬ִַռĸо
ַˤ˵ϣоЩʹܿ˻ԴվĿ⳯Χȥܿ죬ַ¶һĨЦ⡣
ظڤ磿ַǹһĨЦݣǰľﻹ᲻Լ
һ磬һ磡
νĵظڤ磬ͺ;½һǸֶѣСܻǿͬҲԳΪظΪڤ硣
Ȼظڤ磬Ǵ磬С磿
ΪǷǳǿ󣬲ʥݵҪءַ㿴Ⱥظڤ磬˽һ˵ʲһûʲôͬһ磬Ҳ޷⣬޵ͬΪ
ǣҪôȥַԴΪͷۣ֮ףȻһڣ϶ԣȻԽһҲԳȥǣҪ߳ȥ
ַ̧ŲĿ⻷ܣƺȵҸط̽ںδһ硣
ʲô磬¥ջǻеģַܿҵһҾ¥¥ϰڷŲˮˮȴǺɫġ
ַ㰲һˮһʴ壬Ϥĸоַȵʲôˮ
Ȼˮôǿң¥еˣܵȻźˮ·ǶƽˮͬһĲˮ
ΪθоⲻС磬Եһ磡ַ૵һԼɫúˮζһóҾô
Сʱַž¥С˺һСַߣ΢ЦҪʲô
һ£˵½𣿡ַСһС΢΢һЦ½ûҲ֪¥ô̸֮꣬һЩ֮£˵Ƭ粢Ψһ磬Ĵڣ٣ҾͲ֪ˡ


1848 
Ҫǰ磬ӦַС΢Цʵʱ¥еĲ˷׷׽ĿͶһĪǷ˲ɣֻڤΪȻ͸˵ǰ磬磬Ҳڤܹȥİɡ
͹٣ΪˣӦȥʮٲõĻҲǿڤۣң֪Сʼ磬Ц˵͹㻹ǿҪԵʲôɡ
â˸ַֻгһһƷŽɫ⻪ףֻСʲôɣܹٻشһЩ⣬ⶫˡ
͹ڤ֡СַȡĻʱɫ΢£Ӧǽϵ򣬵Ϊȴָо˵Ĳһ·ȱʲô㡣
¥е˷׷׽ĿͶַȡĻֻһվߵַǰ֣һƽɫķĽɫУ͸һĨڤַͫ΢΢£һķ
ķ;½ķЩһֲһͬҵķ;½Ҳһ㣬ڤ編;½ƺԣܹоֲһھ½Լ⣬ûܹܵҵķڲͬ
ַͷ΢΢£ڤ磬ѵԳһ磬һô
ô˵Ļ磬ʵҲһܻڵĴ磿
С죬ôνĴأҵܻڵĴ磬Ҳ
磬ַ
뵽Ĳɵ΢ЩоԼ·Ӵĺˡ
еĴСɵһ磬硣
ڤǴӺζǿ߶ַһܵвһķγ΢вַһҲоԼӴʲôַ񣬾ͺһܡ
ġַƽ˵漴С΢ЦС֪ڤ磬ǿ˭𣿡
͹˵ЦˣڤǿˣȻΰڤ񡣡С˵ڤףȻû˼ڤ񣬵ǣڤ˶ڤǴڵģڤ硣
ڤ񣿡ַͷ΢Ȼȴ¶ɫʵ
ڤˣҽӴСЦҡͷ
ڤںδַ
ӦڤɣСЦ˵ʹַͫ΢΢£ڤ
ڤڤףڤ֮УôҲ˵ڤڤ磬һ֮
㵽ʲôˣַԵǿ߶ַ㣬ڵͫ׵âַʵ̫ƽˣΪһλڤ֪ܲģΪƽ⣬ǿ߲ŸӵĻַ㣬ӵŲͬڤ˼Īļ⡣
ˣܣ
ôΪ¥еžƣĿȴַ㣬ҲΪܡ
ַϵĺˮ漴΢΢£̧ͷĿ⿴ǰӣĿжȻһ֮ɫ˵Ҵ𣿡
ۣСеĲ˵ϣ¥Ȼüž˵Ŀⶼһ۵ַϣ
ʲô磿ǿһ
½ַӦ˵׷׶ַ㣬½硣
ַ˵ţֻʱһɫĹ⻪˸ǿռ䷨ַ̧ͷž¥Ͽȥƺڿ죬ַǺܿ카һĨЦ૵һΪһأͿٴγһʽˡ
ΪڤƿصķȻѾԽͨڤʡǿ߶ַ㣬ȵ˵
磬Ҳ򲻱һϰɡַЦ˵ʱ¥е˾ȻַĻ硣
Ҫصҵ磬֪λ֪ʲô취ûַɴཫ˵ϾҲڤûκεͻҲ˶Ը
ڤʮ֮һε۳ǣ䲻֪ģҪȥĻ±ֻҪҵĳεˣΪڤʮ֮һҲֻ֪ͬССڤڤʣҪεۣȴܣ
ַԵʶַ㿪˵˿̾¥еж΢Щڤʮ֮⣬ֻʣʮϽ֮µĵˣҲ²ǷĴڣǶ޷ȷַĳǿ϶ֲ²⣬ڤ֮⣬ڡ
ε۳ǡַһڤʮĳ֮һε۵Ϊ֪ж£¾ǾĸּĴڣΪ뵽ȷʵס
ҽź⣬أǿַѾû˵⣬ڶַеֻǺ棬֪һ磬½һƬ硣
ַ㡣
ַ㣬εۺսĳţǰսʤ֮ˣҪεۣҪΪеһԱźַ˵е˶ǿµǿߣսʤ̫ˣ˴ε۳ǾҪһԣҲû̫İա
źַ˵ַȷҪָڤ磬ǸϹӣʲô֪
νսʤַźʵ
εļţڳ¾Ӣս̨ÿնೡսһսܹȡðսʤսͿԼţΪһԱźַ˵
ܹȡðսʤˣԶǾӢǿ߰ɣǻĳΪŵĳԱ𣿡ַһʹþ¥е˶Ŀַ֪Լһ˵ˡ
ַ㣬֮ˣ֪ŵڤֻʮǣʮƿźڤǿԴֻгΪеܹЩԴԵȥִʵźַĵĽ͵
ַ΢΢ͷڤԳһ磬;½ͬ
ֻǣڤֻʮǣսÿ춼޾ôǿǰսַʵ
źЦѣ֪ʮж㲻ô˵ˣңˣҲϷܵǿߣԴԴϵ̤ڤʮǣڤ磬ôܻȱǿ
Ҳڤԭڵȷкܴͬɡַ΢Ц˵
ʱ½ľ֮֮ң⣬һӰͫһĺ⣬žľڵķҹڴ˵رȻһΪˣȻǽ˵ظеַ㡣
̤ڤ磬֪ʱܹеһУҪ汾֧ˡַ૵Ŀ˸ֻ뿪˱ֻ֮һսҺܶ޷ʹˣҪСĽҲش
˵գַķ˸ԶľأŰ˻ķȥ


1849 ķ
žʥһ࣬ģ
ʥųܹܻʹ֮˾߱ޱȿµֱǳǨʹ˵ʶܹõɱ䡣
ͬΪһֲĹž飬νһ˵սᣬֻһڵѡ
½֮ˣ˭֪֮Ȼȴõ֪ǺֶΣһжֻǴԣ紫һһһħȫ뱾ڡ뱾ͬ⣬ΪԼ˼룬˵ˣһˡ
ȻΣ˵֪˵ۣѾֹܴڵ
뱾ڣȻǵӵԼһӵĻζűӵ򣬵ȻһҪǿ
ˣж£޴ӵ֪
ػҲַ㣬ҲǴػĹеõⲿžַֻ֪ⲿžǽѣνһĴɾǽ
⻯ͬ޵һֲֿ
Ҳ⻯ֶΣȽϺǿ⻯Գ֮Ϊַûսģܹڵʱޣǿһ⻯ֶΣܹ豾սɻоޣ˵ֻвսԽǿ⻯⻯սԽǿܵӰҲԽС
Ϊ̥̥Լ̥׶Σÿһ׶ֿɷ֮
ǳĻ̥׶ΣԻ̥׶Σһ׶ΣܹΪ⻯ȴûսڵʱҲĳ̶ȶ仯ڵ̥׶ΣַĽ׶ˣʼ߱ĲսȻɺͱĪĹ޷ȫڱ
ֻ̥ΣһһȻʧܴ󣬵ȴӰ챾𣬲ַȻûеֲΣҲܵش
һ㣬ַ⻯Ȼףص˻֮ȥСϽС漴ҵ˺Լľѩڽȴֵܰϣͬʱ֮˿ʼʽС֮˻ľͨѾ򿪣κ˽ԿǰУ⣬ͨһˣ̨ƿء
Ϣ˻𾪣̨Ѿڴô˿ʼǰǴеͨǰȥ磬Ƿ֣ͨ治ƣǰʼ½ˣǰ紳
ڤ硢ε۳ǣĺ䳡ַǷ˵ؼΪĿȺϢ
䳡ı淽һ̨Ĺ̨̨ͬŰ㣬ʵ̨ε۳ǳĵһȳš
ڤ˶֪εʮΪսģټε۳ǣսǿңΨս֮ˣε۳ӱõεʶ
ڤ;½һ½иڤ磬ʮʮǿУǿƣÿһƿߣǼΪǿĴڡ
ʱ̨ϣвڹ·䳡սЩ̨֮ˣԶǷŮ
һƿغƿߣԱߵŮŮĹһߵε۵ĺᣬӴͬڹ̨Ϲ䡣ʱ˿Щ̨֮˿˵ϢΪľһ̨ϹսˣҲзǷսҲ˵
ΪһǷŮε۵ĺ꣬ǷǱѰ¶ǳ˿˵ܹεѡΪһˣսҪܹѹһˣпǴڤʮѡҲпһǿߣӹɣ۾ڤǿߡ
ʱźԼַҲ·䳡ΧȺ֮УֻźָźƿߵǺƿߣͳ죬ƿͳһӵޱȾ޴Ȩⶼε۸ģε۳ǣε۹ϽĵͳǳǰЩս̨ϡ
ַ΢΢ͷһھ½ԣӦһˣЩܶһЩ磬ȫƿһ磬ȨȷʵܴˣԴķݣһ֮˶ͳϽ
ڤͳƺӵֱӡ㣬ǿΪͳϽһ
ź⣬ôս̨ҵΪֻλڤʶѣλڤʵս̨ȡ˰սʤսҲε۵עɣҪõε۵¾Բһ򵥵顣ַ㿪˵䳡ս̨٣ʵͬϲͬս̨ÿһ磬ʮս̨ζֻλһս̨ʮ
Ȼεۿʮ֮һҪõô򵥣սʤȻѣҲֻǸպӵгΪŵʸѣҪõε۵Ҫڳӵнܳı֡
źַ㿪˵Ȼһֽݾܹս̨ϾԵñȱ˸һЩ
ʲôݾַʵ
սٳЪߣѡһЩѾȡʤսˣǣԡź⿪˵ս̨ÿսʮѡϢԵڶսսˣԽԽǿܹһսٳȻǿսܹ°ٳܣɻСĲ
ź˵Ц£°ٳѶȿǷǳ֮㻹ǲҪַʧܵĿԲСϾսԽԽԻͣսҲͻԽԽ
İ취ַƽĿڣź⿴ַɫ¶һĨɫЦ㲻ôɣ
뷨ַ˵ͷźַɫɵЦãҵ뿴ʵΣһ̤ϲͬս̨˭ֵܼøһЩ
˵ͬʱҵλһεʮսַ̨㲢û֣ǹЩ˵սڤˣ˶óģϾǱȵľǺˮʲô֮£ȻᱻʲôȻڤĶֶԣҲôãΪǶĵֿ
һ֧ڤſ½ǾǷǳµģͬʱţɫ䡣
ѹһ类Ϊڤˣ֮⣬ǼʹķḳڤںϷ·ΪȻЭӵ


1850 
ͳΪһ֮Ŀ༯λڤһεսϣεȻս̨սʤ֮˿ɳΪеһԱȻȴδڤۼս̨ڤһΣԸţĸһλõġ
ǿλñáֻƽڤۣôڤ۾磬ҲֻͨԴˡ
ˣսǿĲΣλʵĲΡ
ͳԵŮĿȴεս̨ϣͳŮλڤʾ磬ε۵λãλڤʾ磬Ϊ׿ε۵ĵѪ󱲣ʵǿҲϹս̨ȡùսʤսһǳɣսٳЪպգλڤʵʱλڤʶ߷֣ݣΪʵ
ںսε۳ûǿսεۺˣһòӣεͳϽʮ֮һ֪꣬ﲻ٣ҲΪңЩҲҪҪְȻһУҪƾʵ˵
׿˵м֮Ҫսʤ֪˵ս̨ûСͳһ㲻ڣ෴ļ𪣬·òհ㣬ȻǺ˵óڤ磬ͳ쾹˵İ𪣬˺֡
ǺƤܰףŮ˸ˣνһڰٳ󣬿ңŮһҲ෴ǳƯٴŵļӢˣԵ˲ֱӡ
ͳ뿴ˡ׿ָŸ̤ս̨һӰӴͬˮͰ㣬˵ĸоǱأȻ̤ս̨ʱս̨·ڲ·ʱݰ㡣
ǿֻģܸ˵Ĳ𡣡ͳ΢Ц˵Ļ㷢ԼˣˣҴúףΪһս̨˲ͻһսߣٶȿô죬Ȼȴ˷·ûа취ֱܿӺ˶Էϡ
׿һĻ¶һĨЦ⣬кΣĹͬһڰΰ㣬ֻҪ㣬ٶȶûãΪὫĺεУˣտλڤʵս̨϶ʤսͳϲԵ
׿Ļţóķ⣬бͿռ䷨򣬶ĿƱ׾Դȴһ㲻෴ԷǳߣܹͿռ䷨򼸺ںһɾĺΣڸһҲĸʢһλڤҪε۳гɲһ׵飬ΣȻбµˡ
Ȼȥοֲ޷ðսʤսˡ׿΢Цſһۺͳһһúͳϲ׿ʵ˻û˻᲻ϲ˵Ŀţˣ֮ʵˣ׵õ˵ĺøС
ַҲע⵽˺Σע⵽ˣҿΪܹ빥ĵزףַԺʼĿʼܣԺƺһ龰ôطͿռ䷨ʹúι龰
ʱս̨ϣ׿ָһλڤս̨ո̤һλ½ޣȻΣǷǳȳƣ·ÿһ缡ǡôǻɫģ۾Ҳǻɫģ۾κεı飬˵ûб飬Ϊ۾Ϲġ
ΪäϹӣĽһ㲻ä෴ĵ죬ε۳УǳڤʣԸϹӽ͡׿΢Цͳܵλڤʵս̨ϣܶսʤս
׿ţ·Լһš
äĽȷäңäı£ֻһͬһֱӴϹĶ֣пһ˸оһ
ϹȻ۾˵Ľ£۾ڽϡͳ׿Ļäܶȡսʤս
ͳˣٿǰ档׿ָĹ̨ǰݵİ֮أһ̨̨ͤͤвţܹŵˣԶѾȡùսʤսˣ˿̣Ȼڶʮ̨ͤڡ
֪Щ˶аսʤսˡͳ΢Цŵ
׿˵ͷѾԳΪеһԱˣȻȴͳҲ֪ԭҪսʤսǿߣǽӵҫۣһȨ
˵Ҫܾ;λͬӵаսʤսǿߣӵܳȨʸɲһ׵顣ͳЦݺ㣬էһ޷ͳһǿڤ
ңӦԼ˽һģʮӵаսʤսˣɲô״롣һЦ׿һۣԣҺ͸׽̨ϡ
ֶࡣͳЦ
ҪǰɴŹʡ׿΢Цŵͷʱ¶һĨЦݣ׿Ļڿ佱ܹսʤλӵаսʤսˣȻˡ
ε۳ǣһͳŮҪͬҪչԼʵȨ
̨мݵ̨֮ͤУЩд֮ɫ׿ĻǶˣҪһͳŮսǶɲôס
һҪǿƶȡսʤˣ֪ʲô赲Щаţֻʱһս̨һ꣬£ܰ˶һȻΪʵǿ󣬶ΪΪƺڤ֮
ҿľΪʱһڿգַ㿪˵˵ս̨ɣȻԼģҾսַڤ֮ʲôֶҲ˵
ַ΢΢ͷͷ˼ַַܵ㷨ǿȣʱ΢΢ͷڵλڤʣս
˵գӰûȺ֮С
˵֡ͳ쿴ַ㣬¶һĨɫ˵֮ȻҲ
ȻֶΪЩսʤ˲֣Ҫ赲Σܡ׿˵˵ͬʱͬһĺνŲ̤˳ȥʱս̨¡¡Ĺ졣
ˣֻͬŰʱַܳһõĺΣͶԸһ֪ҪʲôֶΣƫƫ޷ֵǺεǿ֮һνûλֿܹǿµ
ս׿Цݻôţںȭâƿ֮ʱնȻһ漴Ȼоһǿѹȶ漴һõγֲ֣ѹϣ档
εֶΣȺͫ΢΢漴¡һ죬ֻһȭκñѣ漴Ų͵ĳǰ̤ͬһ㣬Ǳĺκ˹ȥ
һ¡ıҲΣԵ͵ȭͷʹշ֮·˻ķֲײһ𣬺ӴȻź󷽻ںǰԵô壬ȴɽͣ
׿ϵţһȭʧˣЦݣҲ


1851 ͵
׿ս̨Χ˶¶˾ȵɫַ˿ƽܺεķʽȴʵƽúƵֶΣαסˣúͺһԼȭͷ
εӹɵģ˶óóķǴطķ·Ҳղս̨ϵûܹһȭģȻ˿ַ㣬ȴκˣ˵ս̨ıԵ
ԼҲ̧ͷַ㣬ܲ⣬ôԼһͨԼһܻͨģԼķΪַͨôƣУַǿֻԼ֪Ǵ
Ҳóأпռ䷨򣿡εַ㣬ǵţ۾ɺСΪ۾Ա߶š
ַ΢΢ͷַͬʱͷţʱ۾ɵøЩֵղʹõʲôͨ
ַ֪ҡҡͷղźѧġ
ַĻε۾ڵŴЩ漴תս̨ԼֶͨôͱԸԼҲԷʲôսģȻƱ׾̶ֳȣȻıܹоַʵԼս̨
ҲܶԡԱߵ׿Цʹ׿Ƭ̣漴ЦҲε۳ڶ࣬û뵽ճ˺֮⣬ֳһλ֮ʿܻܺΣսӦõλڤˡ
ֻǺ棬ֶǴӺѧɵ𣡡ͳ׾¶һĨ֮ɫַûѵĻ˵ԣЩֲˣֱӹ˵ֶͨΣԼֱͨʵսչֳ
̨̨֮ͤУֻһһɫȣÿһȶ·ռ䶼˪Ŀ⿴ս̨еַ㣬Ц˵ܷսʤ
⻯εĹֶΣƾκˣҲܹսʤһ֮ͤУֻһ鲼Ц˵ĴŲ򵥣˵ˣȻȴû˸¹֮ڤһ磬֪˿ɲ࣬޵ͨĪ⣬ɱͥŲ
ҲȻ˺棬ȻǿĶֳ棬˵ӣҲսҲս̨ʤսҪֹˣң˸Ҳսٳδֳ֪ȵ΢Ц˵
ӣΧͤеֶʱһһ˿ڵ˵ΪȤܹһ֮
նսʤսˣԶΪǳˡ
ƺšͳ쿴һ·һͤ΢Цŵ
һܹǿƵս̨ȡðʤսӵŵıǮ׿΢ЦŻӦǺ͸ղһţ´˺Σÿһ仰˵ʱ򣬾ͷ·˽۰㡣
ͳ쵱Ȼܹܵõ׿ţ׿˵һȡðʤսʱ򣬾ŵıǮ׿˵һʤٳһܵʱս̨֮ϼʢļλ԰׿ԼĻŵıǮϾε۵Ѫ
κַ㽻ֹܹоַʵһҲΪַ㣬½ַڵս̨ȻǷַսʤξԲżȻģǿÿ̤ս̨ˣܼ򵥵ıս̨ˣַȡʮʤսʱƺǳɡ
ʮʤˣ˵ǿ󣬲ֶ֪ΣͨǷҲͬһô졣а⣬ֻʱһӰͬչᣬ̤սֻ̨ڿգɫַ㣬͸һ
ˣȻ䣬Ӱʧַֻоһǿ·һӴµĲӥɱַȭӰʵ޻һȭȻԷٶȾǼĿ£ӹַֻ֮һ߲Ӱ˶ѿˣǿȻײ
ַһ³ʱƬշ·һ漴ճһΣַںȻûкںϵôαԷֱץѣһ˲Ĺ㹻ַ㵽ˣȭͷ·㣬Ȼ˫ɫӺַײʱ̣ȴҲ޷ƿ漴ֲ֮ϣӥ·Ҫ顣
ֶûкô죬ˡ׿ֿˣƽĻ·𱾸ŷ
˵ȻҲַʵͬѰ٣ܹܵˣһҲܻܣַȡʮʤʱս̨˿ʼôƵˣַƽվս̨֮ϣ·ûʲôİ㡣
ʮʤԣ·ɡ
һս̨֮ϣź㲻ôˣ˿̲õʮʤź⣬Ѿ΢Щ
ʱ̨ϣмӰ֣ĵӰǰ˸ں棬·Ӱ㡣
ǰˣһλ꣬һλŮͳƤѾΪˣ˿̵꾹Ȼףͬѩһһ˵İףһֲ̬ĴˣȻܹǸλõģû˸˵в
ֻŮƺҲŴİƤԣӵѩļ˺ÿˡ
ͳ죡׿վ֮ܿĺһ漴ͳԵŮ΢ЦŵͷƬֽ̱Ŀƿû׿֪һϤŮ˶ԣ࿴ۣΪ㲻ֻ֡ԣõİ취ǵ㵽ֹ
ҲпͳǣͳЦͳ죬ͬҲΪһͳ죬ƿһʮ֮ε¡
˵ֿˡͳ΢Ц£ֶŮҲˣʱ򡣡
Ȼˣһ𿴰ɡͳƽһЦ漴ָһս̨Ȼַڵս̨ǿܵУѾǿʮʤûƬϢҲûս̨˼Ϊܷսʤ
ȿͳûӦǹ˼ַսǿƶȡʮ峡ʤս
սʤû⡣عͷźͳ
ûأͳĿ¶һĨɫͳ
ͳ쳯źͳԵһۣܲ׶Է֮⣬ʵͳҲַܹȡðսʤģǣشܣͳҪַòܣԣôشƺǴ
ûеĻֶŮһͳƽЦǣȡðսʤأ
ͳĿ¶һĨâȻͳһΪۣȻҲġ
һֶŮͳЦ


1852 ͽ
ͳı֮֮Ǻͳı֮ǻ棬£߶ڤʾ޶ԣνǼͳ˵óͳó֮Ӧ֮Դ⡣
λͳ쵹£ҶⳡսĽ֣ҲǸΪעˡ׿ԼΪֶעɵΪ죬Ͼε۵ϵѪ֮ˣʶֻ˲㺬Ц˵ƽ͵·ҪλͳԵڻ
·ͤĶעҲǾ£źڤڤͳ첻ͣȻΪ棬˿λͳ֮⣬Ȼͬεͳ죬ҵǵľ磬Ȼʹ֣˽ַΪͳһǺͳһ𣬶ڤʶԣǷǳ֮뵽λͳʵǱҲȻλͳԣҲֻ΢΢˵ѪԣԼûʲôӰ졣
ֵǶԴӺšͳ΢΢һЦ˵ͳɫͬѩ˰㣬Ц£ͳǿõսʤ㲻ˡ
ͳȻףǸղźͳ֮ʱشܣôͳԼһشܣͳ죬ַܹͬðսʤģȻͬˡ
Ǹղţڣұ㲻ôˡͳˬЦ漴׿׿㿴ӣܷսʤ
׿ͳĻɫ䣬ƽĻӦǱҪ˭ս̨ˡ
׿˵գĿⲻ䳯źͳԱߵһۣͳ˼᲻ס
ͳ׿ɵЦ£Сһ
ս̨֮ϵַ㲢֪˿̨̹ϵΣ뵽λͳΪעܷնսʤʱѾʮʤԣλڤһӶսʤѣڤε۳ǣһ֮ҪҳһȼսλڤʿɲǼ׵顣
ǵʵ˵λһκеˣһЩӵʻ߸ַ㵱ȻỳڤûҲ߳һλңʵȼǣأ
ʮೡʤַ㲢δ̫ľһոܶĺֶΣúʡ
ַʤεӣԽԽע⵽ˣһЩ̤ս̨ҪֱַַͬӻܺһϧһɹַУַʤΣܿﵽ˰ʮһ
ø˿ʼעַһս̨ˣЩͤе꣬ҲǷЦ̬֮Ŀַÿһγ֡
սʮһȫʤмûƬЪϢϵô˭
ÿʤʮѡϢԸս˾ȻսʮһҪһ°սʤսǿ̤Ϊеһλõӡ
ϾֵԽΪҫۣ֮󣬱Խױ濴
ǣսʮһ·ϡƽ㣬ʵûȫӳأҲûκεġ
˿ս̨ϵַ㣬һʱ䣬Ȼûս̨ˣֲַǵ㵽ֹ˲ڲʱаʮһսֶַκһЩս̨˸Ҫ˼ˡ
࣬ôʵΣͳԼʤѩŮ΢Ц
ҿҡҡͷȷַʵ
սʮһȫʤ޷˿ȫʵ벻ðսʤסͳôϣ෴ϸ壬ͬļ㣬ȻȴмּʸУ˵ÿһ仰ˣ㲻
ͳͳĻĬսַ̨֪ʵȻַ㣬һõսʤġ
֮⣬ս̨֮ϹǿƣӶʮһʤʵΪѵ֮£ܹھʮų֮ڻܴ꣬ͳȻ͡ͳͻȻˣ֮ķʱĿ¶֮ɫͳ쾹Ȼעַսַܻ㣬͡
ͳĻ˲ʹܱս̨˵Ŀȫַһͳ˶ڹעս̨ܹսʤַ㣬Ҳ˵ͳʹͣҲؽܵע⡣
ˣڴʱһӰֱ̤ս̨һϮۣ͸һɾԵ֮ţ˵ĸоͬһ棬
Ǻ磬˵Ϊ£߾ն±س꣬£ڳһλˡȺ֮ϳӣһ
߾նͰԵߵ£ؽնɱһǰ̤ս̨ʤ˰ʮ峡սȻȴҲ˲ȴս̨Ϣǡַ¹̤ս̨ŲУѹһ꣬ĵȻӵ
˶Դ˼һޣ⺫˵ܹսʤս̨֮ϵꡣ
Ȼ䣬ںгһɫĵ뻡εĵֵ޷ͬˣֻնˣɼĵͨ׷ıնɱ֡
ĵն˳ȥûһķϻɫĵ̺֮ŰԵޱȵһǰ㲻ˡ
ַĿⶢǱնɱĵһڤȴзѸ͡صĳأԵֲ̺֮ٶȣ߾նǰԵ֮η֮֮ڵһɲǣַ͸оԼ֮⾳֡
һնԱֻնɱ֣̫ԵַͫױڣʥԺֿʼѸޱȵܣĺɫͫԼǿ·һĵٶ
˰ԵĵλʶѵֿȻΪİԵͱȻ㣬ֻ󹥡أʵ֮ܳΪ㣬Ϊֵʱ򣬳ӵоԵʵһзģңֻ߾նĵһԹأ
һû£ڶѾն˳ͺɽܹӣڶնʱ򣬸ܹйκιֵǰ¶Ҫʳɷ顣
ǺͳҲ̲סһþտĵͨǴܽٶһЩõӼֹ¡
ͳĻѺ磬һԸӵ
Ȼ˺ͳĻˣ֮ڵ֮ϣ˼ֹܹ
Ȼǣ⣡
ں䶯ͨʱ򣬶Ȼ䣬·𿴵һ֮жǧڤ޷ס޽âֱԺ۾һ˫ľ֮ͫʹ־¡
һ˽ȫֶκ;ڹʱһ֮ʱپտĵҲҪң㵶ǿԼնˣɱ˶кãˣˣ˵ĪڤȫʧӰ
ĶͷȻ˼κ顣
˵۾úܴΪǿףĵӦַܽնɱŶԣΪκͻȻˣ
ʵϣ粻ˣܹϵתս̨̤֮ȥ³һҰˣ
ˣȻû壡


1853 һս
޽֮⵼ڣӰΣΪޣַ޽ʱղ࣬޷ȫ֮֮Ҳɱ˺磬Ȼ˱ҲǼ֮ˣ߾ն;ףأ޽߾ն֮ʱ϶Լˣپ塣
˷뿪Ҫ߾նԵߵûܷǿ֮ʱ˭˿衣
ɶַ㣬ǲΪַذܣ֮ǰַðʮһʤսսʤȻҲǿܵģȻȴû뵽ַʤ˵Ĺ죬ͷβǶ·ûпְַ㣬߾նɱ֮󣬾Լ䣬ս
ǵȻΪǹַܸģ־磬սǶϷãԣַһֶΣúܡ
ʮʤսˣսʤƺֿɼ˿ս̨ϵַ㣬˵
ͳ¶һĨƽ͵Ц⣬ص𣺡ղţƺо˽Ĳӵʵڻδ¶˭̤ս̨ɶһʤ㡣
ͳĻȻǶԺͳ˵ģֻͳ쵭ȻһЦֶŮǰȥս̨֮ϣܷʹһս
δ֪ͳЦпʤȻҲпܰܡ
˵գĿϣЦʵֶŮΪһսʤ𣿡
Ȼ¶һĨЦ⣬ʱͳЦƿĿ⣬ٶ˵ʲôһսǲɱˣͳȻѾ˶עΪӣһսҲƱػȫԸ
ս̨֮ϵַ㣬ͳ¶һĨ΢ЦһսɲС
ʱֻͳ쿪ڵʮʤε۳Уλڤһ磬ѵܻô
£Ⱥâ˸ַڵս̨Ƿսʤַ㣬ѾԽ˰սʤս塣
ͳͳ쾹ֶԣ˳սɵĿ⿴սַ̨ϣܰսʤҴһ
һͫĿⶸȻһ
˰սʤͳ쾹Ȼ״һ
ͳͺͳôˣ˹עսͳ֮ԸһˣֻҪսʤ
ϣַս̨֮µ֮Ŀ¶һĨɫ̧ͷŹ̨ϵͳ쿴ȥ˫һĨɫͳƺ˻ͳ죬ȴƺǡ෴ϣսʤԸһꡣ
лͳˡַ΢Ц˵˵ĿλͳìܣȻԣֻкôҲ˵һǺ˵λͳע⣬ӽԼĿģս̨ΪĿ⣬ǹ̨ϵͳˣһ֮ε´󽫡
أʤܵúͳһ𣬲Կͳ̹Ȼ˵溬΢Ц˻ʱ˶²⵽ô£ͳͺͳڶַ֮սˣͳ쿴ַܰսʤͳ죬ȴϣַֹİսʤ
ڹ̨¹ͤˣ֪λͳ˶עֻɺս̨ϵַ㲻Լ
̤ս̨ʵȻΪַѹԶûкǿңȻս߶ԣַһսֻһ֮ѣַּܹǿ߽֣Ҳһǽսʤַ㣬ܵõͳ
˵ȻҲʧˣ͸ַʮսʤ
սַ̤ս̨ս֮ˣʵ̫ǿҲӹˣǷǳƽʱǶһս̨ӶʮʤսϣȻûܹвַ㣬ܿ죬ַս˾ʮʤ
ʣսˣȺĿ˸ַʤսðսʤ֮ţܵõͳһ
Ŀ⿴̨ϵλͳ죬ֻǶǳȻ֪ʲô
ӣڴʱȺֻս̨Ե֮أһӰ֣ɵͫ΢΢£ӳˣѵҲҪմֲɡ
λڤʣʢһսնɱλλǿߣʵ£¹ͨ˽ǳ
ӳ֣˶ʱ¶˼˷֮ɫȻӵˣȻҪսַ̨ײġ
̡ʱһӰ̤սֱ̨ӻһַ㣬ͬһɫ绮ȺֻӰӣˡ
ÿĽÿֲٶȡ˶Ȼ佫Ŀƻأս̨
ַֻоһǿҽ֣˵Ľâնɱһ⣬ٶȿ£֮Ͽ콣䲻һɱ
䣡ַ˫һϡսꤣϺսȻշ񷣬ɱ޾ս𣬷·мȻʱַֻһץʱγ֣Է
ѣԷӿ콣⣬˺ΣȴַЮ֮٣ٽ٣Ѳƶ£Է⣬漴ƶԷ
٣ַһ³ڣշ·ҪըѣԷһҽУ漴ַֻ彵䣬һȭڶԷϣ֮ϣ˵屻˳ȥݺݵ׹ս̨֮£ϵĹ֪˶١
ȡ衣ַ㳰һʹ·ɫһЩ˶ַ㲻ɱ޼ɵ˸ֱӴս̨֮±֣ҪԿ콣ɱַ㣬ȡ裬ַŰһ
ʮʤ
սʤֻʣսȻƺûгֵ˼ʹȺ¶һĨɫ
һҪһս֣תǬôͤе˿ӣ˶뷨ھʮλ̤ս̨ǿߣҲַɻܣԼ̤ս̨ʮʤֻʣһս
̤ս̨֮ʱֻһӰƿգȻӣ̤ս̨һսҪսַ㡣
ȻʱȺַֻҲһӰƮӰһŮҷǳȺȵǣˣǺͳ֮Ů
ҲҪһսȺͫû뵽־棬ͳͳԣ֣ǺͳİŮҪԳ֣սַľʮųʤսһ
ȥĿ⿴ӣ˵ӵ۾С΢΢֮ʱ˵ĸо䣬ǳ䡣
һսսӿ˵
Ȼˣֻһվˡ¶һĨЦ⣬漴˸һ磬ӶȥһĻʹȻδַսս
𣡡һ³̼䣬Ⱥֻӽ£ڰ棬ɻ·Ե㣬£ֱӲƶϡ
𣡡ɫ΢䣬漴˫ӡ̼ܳУ·㣬˲ɽ
٣ǰ£̤һſֲĵֱ֮֮С


1854 ֲײ
ÿֲĻ棬Ṳ֮̊ڵУĻȻ֮ȺֻԦ֮УȺȣ֮ӡᣬʱһŻƮƬգ˲ϢС
ӵҪɫֻ̣ƺɱʱµ֮ͬԵϯЮϡ
𣡡һȣʱһֲֻĵӡ˷üͷ壬˫ȭŭԺһơ
ȻȴڴʱȻʧӰ˷𣬵죬Ƭռ·ʼݣҪ֮С
䣡Ⱥֻһ죬漴㿴Ӵӻˣ˿սŨҵζǱ
һͳ֮Ůо̾һ˵ս·ֻǵָ֮䣬Ȼȴʵȴ̼ΪŮ֮ܡ
ȥ˰ɡһЦȻһЦ֮УһǿҵţһսȻһս
лᣬȻǡӿ˵һ漴ת̤ս̨ⳡսȨַ㡣
֮ͤеﶼǰսʤǿȻʵ֮΢Щľа̾ʵǿᣬһͳŮȻܻˣϾǱʹ˼ΪǿѪѪֱӰ֮˵츳
̨ϣͳ¶һĨ΢Ц֣ƺӷˣҲǸŮȴ̼ܣʵ֮ǿɼһߣλһ磬ǺжֵģһͳĺˣЩͳǿߵϤǿʵ
ʵ˾ޣսʤزڻˡ׿΢΢һЦ˵Ļһ˼ʹúͳ¶һĨЦݣܰսʤôһսȻҲڻ¡
ͳĿ΢΢Եͳһۣ֣һǸСŮȽϺá
ϣֶŮõɡͳҲӦַ㣬ֻҪսʤһַܣҪһΪעңŮ࣬һҲ޷õ
ˣΧĿⶼеַڵս̨ϣ˾Ⱥ
ַʵλڤһνǳǿӶʮųʤڲ֮أƺԺԲƣûʲôӰ죬һٳսʲôأȻӺˣңǿƻӣȡ˺ַһսȨ
һսĽ˱㲻Ԥˡ
ϾӵʵѾܿˣ˶ʵδ֪ģڸղɲǼսȴԳʵǿᣬǰǰĴʵ֮ǿĿãַһٳսܿǰǰʮųʤһ
ΣսвټЩϲ˶þʮųʤ֮ʱ֣ʹԼĵһս̤˵ĻԻս֮ϣӵҫĿͬʱһӣٻս޲ʤַ㣬һʱܼһսͳԽսʤ硣
һսǰľʮųʤսҪΪҽˣ˵ʵǿ£Ȼƿص֮ս֮ʱ·Ԧһ棬ǿ¡а⡣
ʱѾתֱַ㣬溬ǳЦ»ѾȻ޴棬˿ò߹˭о崺磬뵽սôĿֲԦ֮
ǸܶþʮųʤսΪѵãȻȴҪйһս㡣Ц˵ȻȴδǸ⣬ֻһ׶ѣٵͳĶŮҲὨҵǲԼȱǻƾԼ˫֣εۺսǱս̨ʼǵ֮·
ǰֻںĸʢȻȴδϳε۳Ⱥ֮У˵ǵһεϳ̨ܲһأ˵ַڴսĿģһµģΪε۳ǣʹע⡣
ΪĿֶͬʵǿᣬǵײ޿ɱ⣬ûͳͺͳԼҲͬս
ַĻɫƽ糣ȻóţȷӵŵıǮͳ֮ŮǿѪУִ˵֮׻ӣ֮ͬ伸еˣȻš
Ȼַ֪ԼʵţԼš
ʵȻַսʤս裡ַƽ˵ƽȴŲһİţսʤ赲ͳ֮ŮҲС
ãĿԴͳַĻЦ˳ˬ˵ⳡսȤĺܣƾַղǾ仰ַսܣһҲĸԸ
Ϊ˱ʾʵأҳֲа飬ҪСΣաַ΢Цŵͷַɳȵվǣؿֱǡ
ˣ涸Ȼ¸֣ڤޱߣűŰͻϢ¶Ȳ֪жôĿ£ܱߵĿž죬ɼ¶֮ߡ
ǿֲĻ棬嶼ǵˣΨл
ڴʱֻֿһ֣֮Ż棬ȼգַаľµĵ֮ԽλʶɱˣѴλʵǿز֮в
ţˣʻΣʱһɿֲĵʹΧƬնһϢʱսڤ֮УַΪģȺֻо˿ս̨һ
ſַɹȥ
ͬʦֵֻм֮Ƕʦڤһʱգд洦ֲַܵܿĸ£а˿оԼҪݵƬȥ
棬λַ㣬ɶʱַƳ˶ԷĻ޷԰ΣΧƬأȫһƬƬ
ӰٶȳˣַϿգһȭӿޱַɱַ·ȫ
ŵ֮κһŻ涼ܴݻ
ÿֲַ㶢ŵĿµĹоҲʱַڶˣֻŲݺ¼̤ʱһƸ֣ƣ·ƬضϵĻ޷ʴ
սⶸȻַϱ𣬹ͫױڣ£֮ն˳ȥȭâɱȫһŵ𣬶ʱһصĲ
ɡĽһŵڶŵն˳ȥâ˺һռ䡣
һƸ֣Ϻսͬ˰ŵŵ˹ȥһռ䣬ս
ַԼЮǧħԼֲϿյַΪģƬռ仯˻ĵռ䡣
ж˺ɫ棬·Ҫַ־Ȼַħ־εȵļͣ˫ڰͫûа㶯ҡֻоһ֮ͫзŴ漴ַǧħЮȭͷĵ֮ȭһһڰĹ⻷Ϊıѣ֮ݻһС
ʹõǵȻ˴νӴǿԵĻ֮һշƺΪĲЭ³ѪֻоԼֱϵĹȫˣ


1855 
ս̨ŰըѣȺĿ˿˿ǱߣнסҵĲš
ʵ̫ˣǿޱȵսַ̨Ϊģͬʱŵַ֮ɱȥַʵ£ȻһȺԤϿ޽ģȻֱһɲǣǲַʵжǿᡣ
סأʹõƽϢͬʱս;µİԵ־ȼգնԼȭâһŵ̺ķвࡢ׵硢أǿᷨ뵽ͬһ֮ͨУ
ڶŵ򱻽ɣл淨۵Ľط۵Ľ֮۵Ľ۵Ľֽ⣬һֽ淨ͷ֮ټǰ֣ǵϵˡ
ŵ𣬱սշѹɫսշ񷣬ӵޱַͬС
һһµһ־ַ㱾޽ģȻȴӲıַƽˣûַܹ㣬ַ÷񷣬Ѫǿһɼַʵж£ǧħټַµǺ˵ġ
ŰĹϢƽϢ֮ʱȺֻڷƮȻղǰµһһʯ㡣
սʤս˭裡Ⱥղַ֮Ƿ·𿴵ǰս̨֮Ĺ°ǿӶʮųʤһսܣһ֮ͳ֮ǧ𣬹Ҳҡİʤս
ʱֻվ֮У¿յַ㣬˫۾мֲģΪǿ̤ƾԼʵ̤㣬һս֮սܹʧܡ
Ȼ¿շַ˫ͫףţ·ڽıʳ
ˡַ³һ˵ˣذɡ
սûн˫вЦ⣬ڣ·һɸӱŰµĻҪͷų
սѾˣǹҪ֣Ҳұ֤İΣַƽĿڣǵȻޱȵʹȺɫ΢΢һ֣޷֤Σ
ַ˼˵ղţˣԼͲǴ˿̵ˣ
ηͳ΢΢һЦַĿΪȣճɾһۣԳΪĵ۰ַ츳һֱȥĻܹлΪεһͳ죬Ȩգƿصţһ
ַĻɫַ㾹Ȼ˵֣Կʵûַȫ
ǹɿֲԽĿ£Ȼڴ˿̣ȴһˡ
˵֮֮ͳ죬ֻĿ⻺תĸס
ˣͳ΢΢ͷƬ̣ȻͳĿ⣬ڻǵ˵ͷϵǹɿֲϢ漴Ųһ̤ص˺ͳߣֱɻǣ·޷̧㡣
ս̨ȻǿƣӢۣ߳աͳ캬Ц˵ַսʤŮҲΪ¹ַ㣬ϾַŮս̨սģսַ㣬ӸλûйַɣңΪһͳ죬ڤۣû
ַƲ̫أŮдһܣҲǽѵ֪죬һ꣬ս
Ȼͳ컹ЩƵģΪַǿͳǰӡ
࣬һ𣬱ֻͳһ棬̺µȻȴδͷű𣬻ĳƮȥ
һǺͳĶעȻܾǳǳЦ£źͳ΢΢ͷ
ֻཫ֮УԼĸͳ죬ЦϧҲ޻һҸǿ֡
㲻޻ֻ֮ҪԼܶԵСͳ΢Ц漴ֻ֣ʱһ֮Ȼ䣬ֻһѿ漴ͳһ
ͳĿ⳯ս̨ȥַЦַ㣬ҴӦ㣬սʤһ¡
˵գͳ˦ʱ⣬ַƮȥַǰ
ַ㽫Уʱоһ֮֮֮ư
лͳ˴񡣡ַ΢ЦŶͳǷһͳǶݣоõдá
ַ㣬ҿ޻淨Ҳǿ󣬿ڤһô󣬲Ҳ͸ɡǳЦһ漴һ˦ǵҲַƮȥʹɫһַߴˣõͳıһ꣬˿ٵõһ
Ȼˣվƾʵȡģַûǿʵðսʤ𺳻ͳҲĿ࿴
ͳ֮ַҶͳַûоܾȻ˿һǺͳ֮оЩˡ
ҵȷôϸܷ˵ʲôġַЦŵ˵ͷȻֻͳַ㣬ȻԸת㣬±ǡ
Ȼˣַ̰һˡַҲǾ֮ˣϱϣ͵һ¡
ڴʱֻһӰڿգս̨֮ϣȡһöڰڤƣַ֣ȥսʤսִƣΪеһԱ
лַӹε۳
УڡٶȿڣΪ˷ַֹԺʧ䵽УðãַĻֻҪַһӡ飬ͻΪ
ַŶԷĻˣһ֮У漴ֻԷٶȿڵַ㣬ȡսʤսʱ򣬽գʮսʤ֮˿һãʤλսʤߣɵóһЩȨǷҪս
սַûκԥĵ˵ͷôõĻᣬ
ãȻսڹ̨¹ͤϢȵս̨սʤ֮ˣаʤս߻ʦ΢Ц˵ַĿ⳯Ź̨ǱߵĹͤȥԭЩ˶ӵаսʤսˣȻˣ㲻ˣţŲһַ̤Ҳͬһ֮ͤУ


1856 ǿǿԾ
ַĹͤǡλͳڵĹ̨֮£ͤҰõģȻΪλͳ棬˲δˣ˿ַҷǳƫƧĹֻͤʣֱ̤֮ͤͤС
̤ͤʱַһ֮عͷ˿˿֮ɫͳƺΪӹˡ
ַ㿴ɫʱЦ£ֲַ֪أ¡
㲻˵ټս㲻ܱ֤ҵİȫǲղֻĽһҧҧʹַ¶һĨ֮ɫЦ£һʱһʱղվ̨֮ϣԣضսʤսûбҪ߿ˣͳ츸Ů᲻֮ˣǷŭ۾вδɱ
񣬴˴սܣҲǸһѣԺڼͳ˵
֪˵ͷ漴ۿַԺлᣬһս
ǹԸ⣬ַȻ㡣ַЦ£漴ͳǱ߿һۣλ΢΢ͷͳҲǳЦ£ȴû
ַĿս̨֮ϣźɻսң˿ѾȡʮʤսΪѵãս̨Ϊսʤģȴû뵽һַ㣬ȻһǳɣֱӶ˰ٳʤս̨ҲһѪսһҲҪȡսݣֱӶսʤ
ź֮⣬һǱַ㻹Ҫ̤ս̨ģ̤ϵһλڤʵս̨˿ַĹע
һϹӣңһϹӽޣµǣϹӣĽȴ˾죬ҵ죬Ԥ벻ĽӺδ̳Ľǰ·ս˲ϹӣĽϹӽͣä
äǺͺͬʱ̤ս̨ģȻ˿̻ûӶᵽʤսֻʮ߳ʤȻǽޣսٶȵȻ˵ַÿһսڵʯȻΪε˿̣ʤֻʮ߳
ΪäĽݣĽʱǴԷ۾öԷϹӣĺ˲࣬ս̨˶飬˭ϵԼܣһܣҲݣΣˣݵ˲࣬һкˣʵһǿäɱˣÿһսм侭п϶ʱ䣬ԥҪҪսǽä˿Ҳֻʮʤԭ
ʱһҽս̨֮ϣäĽֱӶ˱˵һֻ۾û۾Ľȴۡ
졢⡢ַ㶢ŽäȻֶηǳʵȴȷֵüȡս顣
ַ㿴˼ս㷢ֽäĽǿ죬Ī⣬޷ĥƮ죬ȴƫ档
ν⣬ؽҲĿ콣֮ϣԷ۶ôǿĹܹ׼Է㣬ȻԼĽ˵Ĺ壬ճ׵Ļÿζһǳɣ
ڽ֮ȴÿһ֮ϣֻҪĽоϢѹȣĽκһ·Ѩ·ֻҪһ·ȻԷһ۾
ַͬ޽ǽԽȡʤäĽȴȫƫ棬Ȼսȷʵǿᣬ¡
⽣äҲðսʤսˣܹԸǲ࣬û뵽һգּλսʤǿߡ۷׷ף̨ϣ׿֮͸˿˿âŽäǱߡ
׿֣ʤͳԵ׿ʵ׿ʵͽäһλڤ֮磬ս̨֮ϴԻսʵǿ¡
Եʵǰκε궾ֶζ׿ŽäǱߣ˵ʱͳ΢΢һЦϧǰսʤս֮ˣս̨ҵҪսʤ
ʱ仺ţź⾹ʤս쵽˰ʮվвһλʵΪܣһ
źⲢδ֮ģΪսʤսûҪһʤȻַǿӶսʤս֮Ÿı⣬սȥսܣҲǳֻʱźĿַ⳯溬ЦݣԵþʮ㡣
ַ㣬Ѱսʤ֮Ҳܴʣұ㲻ٴͣˣԺս̨㡣ź۳ߣַȥ
ãڴİսʤַ㺬Цź⹰˵ʱźתȥ
λʵս̨վûٳһλսʤ֮ˣλڤʵս̨ä˰սʤսǺַһֱһ°ٳǿӶᡣ
ʱֻս̨ϿճһǿӰ֮У˺һս֮Ҷݻսλڤʺλڤһ磬жλսʤս֮ͬʱһսʤ֮Ľ𡣡
˻ʱһĿ¶âսʤս֮ˣΪ֮սȻ֣˶ĿԴ
Ȼս̨ϵһս֮󣬱ֹͣ˼սȥֻеǿָսֱ̨ǽäַڵս̨Ȼս̨λսʤս֮ˣôս̨ΪģڣùսʤսˣԵ̨
Ļʱͤеķ׷վ໥ܱ֮һۣնʱЩ΢
ߣЩ죬ַĺһۣ˿̱ս̨ʱȻȴַĹâ
һ˸ֻս̨֮ϣƬ̱Ӱλڤս̨֮ϣϽäʮһˣλڤսַ̨㣬ʮˣΪսǿ
ǿ˭ܹܾˣóȨʱ˿ʼ̽
λڤʵս̨ϣַϣܴѾˣȴ׻ܣǰֲɰַܸ㣬ЩҲǰսʤ֮ˣֲԶԸַ㣬ַѡˣҲսʤ֮ȡȨĻкܴ󡣡
˲²˵̨ϵļ֮˵˽ͳɫƽЦַĺܸ߰Ҳţܹսоˡ
ʱս̨֮ˣ˵ȣҲ֪λڤʵսַ̨㿪ʼѡսʤž֣ʤǰܣ֣ǰַܸˣһܼսʤַˣֱȡһʤһѡ֣ѡλѭȥ
λڤս̨ʮˣַ㿪ʼսĻÿֻսܣֻҪܼģֱ̭ˣΪսʤˣҲųʤˣս˸ԿֻҪûоʤֱӳ֣
ˣսʽûһܹȡþʤսģҲò˶ٳͿԲսȥˣΪ˶ʧʤսʸΣղ֪ǺΣ


1857 һս
λڤս̨֮ϣäѡ˶սλڤս̨֮ϣַΪףѡ˶սֱʤһܼ֣Ȼѡ֮ˣҲкôǶЩϤԱܿΪսǿ
սʤԴӶԣӦòѰɡͳƽ˵΢΢ͷȻַʵսʤûκ⣬ܶȡȨ
ַ㲻ǰֻ˵ַ޷ζҲͬ
ʮҲܹ֮սʤһһսʤͳ΢Ц˵ʱַĿһɨˣǰˣİĺܣԲϵá
λ֮磬սʤӹ֮ʮλǿߣ¶ӵսѧԺǱ˰ǰʮսֶս֮Ȼѣ̽һʵΰɡַаһ漴ָһˣ£սɡ
й١ĿַָϣһϯĽɫۣԲЩ֣䲻ܺͺᲢۣҲмӷ̬֮սóķǽϵ֮Ա˳Ϊй٣ΪĽɫйٱʣԣһСϡ
йٱַսΪˬϾַʵǿĿãܣһܼһֱӦսֻĳܼûսʸֻΪ˵ģűս
Ծս̨Уս̨Ե֮أĿ⿴ˡ
ˣйٵ嶸Ȼʧԭأͷ֣ȻٶȾ˿Ӱ죬ǳ֮죬ȻɫĹ⻪죬ַֻо곯ÿһν궼ͬа㣬ʹշХ֮硣
ĿһâŶһɿֱַ㣬йгһ֧йٱʣɴ
йٱջʱµɱնɱַֻо·ҪնԷйٱʷ·𽫿ռ䶼Ҫնϡ
йն֮ͬ㣬ɱǿᣬϵշС
ַһʱм֮ѵ֮ʱһǿṥնھ޶֮ϣơ
Ŷ죡ַ˫ʱһ޶ŭХͬʱ֮ЮȻϿգŹŶһϮǰ
ַһץʱγ֣Ȼֻйַʹ֮ʱ㳯պݺһӲĸѵ
þַ磬â¶ħþԷͬʱһɿֲѹȶ£ʹöԷޡ
йɫѿַعŶЯֲɱ޷սʤַ㡣
һսҰܣй³һ֣ҪܣЩ䣬ӦսַӲˣΪֵ
ַԷĻ˲þȻŶȻͶԷйٱײһòϢײ֮ص
һսַʤ
Ѵ֮ʤûѶȣս֮айҲǰսʤ֮ˣȻսƬ̱磬˵Ļַ㲻Ҫãܶþսʤս
ȺԤϵǰ㣬ܿ죬ַսԷûȫַһս㵽ֹʵս֮ˡ
ַսֻ֮оһϢڣּսƺѪĿɨˣ漴ַվս̨м䣬˵һ֮ս壬ľʤս֮壬ʣսַ㲻˷ʱ䣬ֱ˰ɣ
ַ㻰£ʱɫ̣ɫһ˵ַΪʵȻ⻰˵ȴʵԵЩޱˣսԣսʤҲ壬սһˣſ
Щվս̨֮ϵˣôҲǰսʤǿߣַսʤǺ壬Ҫһսǹ̨ϵλͳ춼£¶֮ɫ
û뵽˲񡣡׿Ŀһַλսʤ֮ˣвֲ֮ͬӣս֮ԶԶ֮ǿλʶ˿ԡ
жѪкβɣǰսţǰսʤʧַ㲻мˣΪԡͳƽδѹƣǶصеĴ͸˶Уʹս̨֮ϸղַսϷȣԸЩ
ս֮󣬲֪ǿڳԻʵ΢Ц˵׿ɫ΢ͣ漴ָֻ糣ЦҲǣҼʶǳˣս֮ϡ
ȴ˵ս̨֮ϣַ˿ԣλͳֻۣовǽΪսʤΪΣǰȻֶַᾡͷǸоȫӵˣ˶עַ㡣
սǹƽ֮սһһԾұս㣬ȻˣҼΪڸҲҪһԸǿսʱֻһ̤ս
жţҪսαںԣܿܣһһԾսкȡɵõ˾ʤΣҲעȻ޹⣬սһܣȻڶԾ
ַ͸Ŵ֮ţʹòһҲ˵ַǷڳԣűòΪǡ
Ȼ䣬ֻһ˸˲ϢΧַ㣬ԶΨпֲ֮ͬ˰㱼ڲϢƱַܽ
սɣַ϶ȻͷڰâֲħԹڣʹƬնһɿµħƣħ֮ϣħͬ޾׵㳯ַϽ٣ʱַ㣬ȫԡħУ£֮ͬ塣
ˣһâҫĿֻ¹ȳ֣һɿֲڰֶ֮ȥڱգȻ䣬ַֻо˻һ춼סˡ
޵֮â磬Ҳˣһµĵâն˹ȥӵޱͬʱޱȵĺڰ֮ǿµĴħһ˲䳯ַɱ˹ȥַ̼䱻û
ַ˫һ˺ʱƬصħ˫ָȻ仯֮ըѣʱһ¹ͽײµŭХ֮
Ųһ̤棬ַӰ˫սڣս죬ͬʱһޱ貵һڰâ˺Ļ˺޵漴ַҲ˳ȥ
ȥ¹һ˫ƿɱշַһռ䣬ַס
˱Ҫ𣡡ַͫڣͬս£ͽһ˺촫漴ϿһǿĴħԴ˹ȥ
ַһֱ֣ӳŴħɱȥҪһ˫ƿסͬʱħзħ
䣡һ죬ֲһַ֮У죬ַĻںƶҪѵ˿˿ѪȻַȴӲĽ֮סˣӵ㣬ͬһ


1858 ֮
ַƿסħ漴ϣӿֳµϿֻ֮оһǹҪϵħԼҪû
ַ³һ֣ʱ֣Ͽ֮סͬʱŲ̤أ֮޿ײħ磬ɱԷϣʱֻо٣ǧ֮ʹַһȭͺŶ죬Զ
ַĶһǳɣ磬Ȼȴδţ񱩵ĹȻӰǼΪµģַǿᣬҲ޷Щսʤ֮˵ǿṥ
һĽ֮⾳Ȼڿգַ㱬һŽٽ֣Űɱȥַٲħ˽٣ǿᣬ۳ɽ֮⾳ʱݻӿ£Žٽͬŵ֮⣬̵նҪѡ
ˣַ˫Ʋʱޱȵ·֣֮۳˿µĹųޱ߿µ֮·ܻŰɢ죬ַһ˫ƣ·ͽ졣
ϺӳХַ͵˦һƣϺսշ뵽֮ϣ񷣬ҹЮ֮򣬱Ѹ͡
ַҲͬʱ˳ȥþħ֮Ϊʱշ·һͷħޣɱƬء
ǿĹʹΧ֮һ󾪲ַʵδǿЩˡ
ûȵǹ̨ϵͳҲ̲סһַĹǿʢ಻Ʒ޾޼ͨڤ֮ˣ޷˳̶ȣÿһ͸ۻޱȵС
Ǭһĺַֻоһ֮Уݣʹͫ΢΢Ŀ⳯¹ȥаݣһȻѲ˿Ѿ˱ˣһ˱ˣȻ֮䣬Щ˾ȫɱ˻ƣҲҪַַͬǸղ˵սηηβһνȫԸַһ˰ܾ֣δ档
ַǵصĹͬʱɱϵÿһƲλ·𶼶ͷħʹǧħ棬ղ࣬ͬһبŵĺڰħ׵
ɱַĿ̧һħ˫ڵ֮ͫУ޾ħڰһħܻ֮ڰսٽ֮٣ݻһС
¡¡Ĺը֮ţƬ·ҪɿֲĹ飬ַΪģƬռ仯ħ磬ޱȿµĽ·ַվǧħ֮䣬漫׳ۣؽѣɱ¡
¡¡һ죬Ⱥͷֻ֮йµĺڰ٣ħƷݣڷĻۣԲ֮أȻȫħǣַϵĽңӦʹͫ׶Ȼ£ħ֮٣
ַܹŽѵ֮ϣн£
ַһŭ𣬽Ųһ̤ն𣬶ʱλսʤǿ߷׷ױˣ˵ļƸˣнŰȻʱȴ׷̧ͷ죬Ŀ𺳣ַ㣬Ȼ֮٣ôһ£
ֲֻĽĻַͷϿգʱַ㾹·սǰգŵĿֲħ·֯һźڰ
¡һ죬ֻ֮ϣһֲ֮ٴݺݵĺַϣʹַ·ѿһɾʹ֮˺ַʹַͷھŴεħ֮٣ǰ˴μҪֲǿ࣬λʵĵزЩԳ֮Уⲿžȷʵƽܹģһ˶ᵽзҪɾֵ̫ˡ
ٽϴĹͳͺͳɫ΢ĹȻħ֮أǷǳֲĹž顣
Ⱥ֮ʱڶħ£ַϣʱַֻоһ飬ջָļ·ҪѣĻ¶ӿǿҵָ˵Ĳλ
ڤ磬Ǽģ˸ַ֮ܵɫ΢ڤ֮ˣˮҲΪˮƽԶ벻ˮΪˣǶȴǼȻַ㣬֮ˡ
ħ٣һɱ£ַϣҲȺͷַϵ÷飬ʹòŮɫ΢죬ַ㶯ħסԼڸ˰Ҳ˴š
˵ٺַͷգɫһļͣʣһˡ
ھŵħȻȴþò£ʹֱַ񷣬գڣһħ֮ٻ۶¡һ죬ɱ£ַͷӭ٣ȻٽɲǣַֻоԴݺһ궯ҡ·ĻǶݺݵ£ֱַӱ۾³һѪɫ԰ס
ô£ͫ£ַ㣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǰ˽ٲδҡַȻһپַء
ʱַֻоת·Ҫ˰㣬Ļεܹ
أ壬٣֮١ַԴһ뷨漴껺غϣλһ壬ַŻһڵĹâҫһɲǣ·ָֻ˾ɡ
һپأַ˴ħѣɷ־غɱ£ؽٺַ㼡ѪƤ壬ѪȻȴͬһħ㣬ڿգħӵ¡
ַ꣡˫ȭһգʱâ£еħٽɢȥָգŴħ٣ÿνٷ־أַλ֮磬ȾžŰʮһؽѣͨ˶ԣʮһٹ󣬱Խɱ֮ʱȻַ㲻ͬѿԽλʣ˴ֻǻǵɱ䣬ǿħֲħɱ䣬ΪӦλ֮ˡ
Ĺͳɫ΢еƿռļžŷӦаͷַĹս֮ʱͻƣħ֮٣ǿȾؽѣɱ䣬ħλ֮ƣȻֵǣ֮
Ļս㣿ͳҲ£սʱͻƣַ̤λڤʵľ磬Ȼַڵսʵλڤս̨
ַ֮ǰѾǿƶȡսʤսҸղһսʵԣ˿̾ˣӦڰսʤĶԾ֮оʤɡͳЦȺĿս̨֮Χַϣֻ¹̾Ϣһս˾أһкλ˵Ȼʤ
˵գ¹תȥս̨Ʈ촫սоʤսҲ壬λǣ
£뿪


1859 
ս̨֮ϣ¹ӵĻֱּ뿪һȻ֮⣬ǻѪС
ǽΪս̨֮ӶսʤսѰλڤʶǵĶ֣ȻȴҪսַ㣬һ˶սױܣϣɱüѪˣַȴǽǵʹħٽǿͻƣ㣬ܲǸеЩɥ
ƿ֮ƴֻһӰնȥûͣڴˣЩûвμΧַˣûм£׷ȥܿ죬Ǻս̨֮ϣַֻһ˶ѡ
ַһս̨֮ϣȺ̾Ϣһ̤ս̨ҲһֱɣâҪȥ
ʱֻǳ֮һνս̨֮ϣַ΢΢ͷ¶һĨЦ⣬ڵַ㣬ս֤Լʵεۺսսǿ֮ˣԶϧţӽ𣬳Χ̤ۡ㣬Ҳ̤и߸ֻҪ˽رɣ⣬һ֧ţڤʾʮڤ۾ʮʮڤʾŸã˽֮ڤʾпѡһż룬⿼У
аݣ󷲰սʤ֮˱ΪܾʤսսսʤˣˣֻһձطŹâܵȻһͳģǿַĿӰ·ܹԤϵδȻԻ͡
ȻȨȻɳַа˵һܽ߸Щ߸¶ǲؾ֮أ̺ڤ־ͨɣεۣսǿֻϧΪǲε۵ӣϾֻһλʶѣʮε۶ԣ̫ͣȻεȴйԻһֱǿˣղŻεӵĻᡣ
Ͼε۳ǿ߶ţëܿ츳ǿε۾ٽӼ޷һΪƽӹ
лַЦֻ̨ϣͳ¶һĨЦ⣬û뵽˷ǰҪ£һսǲУ׿ֶˣսˣ㲻ͻƣǱʤģս㲻ܳΪ񣬶ˣ㣬һˡ
ͳǣ׿׾Ӿ츳̤λڤ֮磬ǽһä׿Ц˵ֽ˽äʱǵĿֳһս̨ȥλڤʼǿߵײ
äնʤսˣǵڰս׿˵
⽣äҲַЩλڤʵô󣬶ԸЩսʤλǿߣֻϹһ˶ѣҲˣȫˣӰ̫ˣңʱäĽҲôͺˡƽ˵һͳЦŵ˵ͷָ˭ַͬ˻㡣
ͳͺͳ䲻ô·Ȼַ츳ȴǷǳõģͳΪַһȻַչֳǿսһƵĲ춼ˣȷǸ֮ţ˭Ҳ˵׼ԺĳĵλǷᵽĵز
ڰսҲʤˣȺĿ⿴ŽäһսһδϹ˶ֵ۾ݣֻҪäһȡþʤҲûа취սȥˣŴս˶Դ
ַʱص֮ͤУͬäսܸо⽣äأΪֽäսʱ򣬽ʱûȻɱһʱôĶ׼ڵڰսϹ˶۾
ھսäӦҲ¡ַаһȻھսǽäʤһգλڤʺλڤս̨˾ʤս֮ˣǼΪϡ֮ˣƽﾭʮλսʤ֮˻һõʱ򣬵ʱ˭޷þʤϾѶ̫󣬶գȴλ
˲ַר׿ǳЦ˵äʤ֮󣬹Ȼû˼սĴ㣬׷뿪ʹһ꣬ս̨λǿߣսķʽǳƣ˰ٳٺȡʤս
սľԣַӾĶǣսǿַ֣ȴλڤʵս̨äȴλڤʵս̨Ӿ϶ԣäȴǱַǿһ磬֮ܵͬ
äҲַͬһȨɼʮڤʾһ֧
õȨ֮󣬽äһԲ˸ֱӳųжȥҪȨ˰̾һǸա
ַҲӹͤվֻͳĿ⿴ַ㣬ʵҲ׼
ַ΢΢ͷѻȨҪǰڤʮǣʮε۳ڤʮǿ֮һ
һҲظۡ˳ҲҸۡ߶߶ͳɫѩϸ
ͳ˵ĸۡҲڳУַһʹͳһ㶣ַ㾹ⶼ֪ô
ַ㣬εͳǣεͳ죬סУиַۡڳǡ˽Լǣڳε۴֮أǲ̤ģ˽ҵεĸۡڴǣΪ˻֮ء
ͳˬʿڣشַĲ⣬ַ㣬ҵĸۡͬҲڳڣõ𣬱ͳ԰һ
ַͳȴȻһǣһп²֪ж嫡
ͳˣַڳ߶һ¡ַ΢Ц˵ͳ쿴ַһۣ漴ЦҲãԳ˽⣬ȥϤһ
ַ㣬׿Ϊһ׿Ц˵ַ׿һۣ湫ӡʷǷЦǫͣ޿ޣλͳ칲ɼĵλǱѰ
ˣַлˡַ΢Цͷûоܾ׿ҪϤȷҪ·
ǿúýӴһߡͳ˵ȴҡҡͷף£Ҳ׿ߡ
ô˵Ŀȴĵַ㡣
ͳ¶һĨ֮ɫ漴Цͷã㡣
˵գͳŲһֱ̤Լȥ
ַ㣬ҵĸۡΪͳ츮Ѵҡͳַ˵漴࣬߰ɡ
΢΢ͷͬͳһȥ
ַ֣롣׿һַ˵漴һ̤У嫳̤Уַֻоһǣ澹ӰϢԶϢǿʢνǿơ
˲֪£ѷܳһֲ壬ʵͬһǰ㡣׿Ц˵ַܹ⣬ڳǣǳĵε֮أ


1860 
ַ֣һ֮أɽ֮ǣҪȥʲôط㾡ܿڣ·׿ַ㵹Եÿ˵
ȥؾ󿴿֪δйžԼַͨ㵹ֱӣһȵڤ磬ҪʶһڤĹžкβ֮ͬ
ǿṦֺαػҪȥžһԵ䵭˵ַٲħħȻ֪幦ֻǿǹɿµҲַܹ֪ĹȻǷǳǿġ
ǺεطһЩ澭ɣհһкβɣȻǲȥĻǱˡַƽ˵һδŮУƺкܴء
֮أҲм̺֮žԼǿͨӵģַܹɳǣȻȥá׿ʼմź΢Цַ˵
ӵһ˳ţʮڤ۾šʮڤʾţЩ˳ӵԼ˽ֻǻȨΪεµľţûйžԼͨ
׿ٶȼӿ죬ų˸ȥʱһؾУͬһڰ㴣ڴˡ
ַǳͨ裬˲ؾڣĿ֮أǺڰڤɫǲؾҲ⣬Ҳ;½û̫
ؾ󣬼Ǽ˳ĳţ޷̤ģΪǾʤսڣΪͳĹϵӵһЩ㡣׿΢Ц˵
ߣȨԻȡңҸΪͳ죬ȻҳܹһЩžԼ֮ͨ⣬ҲûȨУɻǵʵ˵ַоЩƣǻѣĸоԼǷİ㡣
äҲʱ׿ǵһȥֻäȻҲǱߣִһö۾ϹģֻܶеĹžԼˡ
ַ㿴һ۽ä漴ջĿ⣬ͬõһöС
ڤ𾭡ַɨӣⲿžǻϵӵʺĹڤַ㿴һۣЦӵе⹦ʺ㣬عиõĹž
˵ţַ㽫£ȥʱ仺ĹȥַϸĿЩž֣ڤĹž飬඼͸ڤвٶڤ֮Ĺž飬һЩǿĹž
֮ͨǰٻţӵڤͨҲеͨȻͬ½Ƶͨ˿ȱϾͬʵˣ֮ͨҪͬ
㵹С˲̵ʱ䣬ַɻйۿž飬ҷǳ棬ʱһöžǰͣãʹЩ͵˵һ
ַʶǳȻҪʶһַ㵹ǲһЦ鷳ȥǣҿûš
ַĻɫһ漴Ŀַ㣬ţΪǣֻҪһҵˣҪЩʲô
ȻˣǻĪҪĺáַ㵭˵漴̽һЩĹȫЩžܹ˲̫Ȼõȥ䱦
ȻܹˣͶǳˡ
ã׿޷ĵȥ΢Цźַһվûмַ˽ַ̫ܴˣֻؾУ˰֮ã˿ûҪߵļ׿ûһֱȥ
Ȼδ뿪ҲûиַߣԼѰһЩͨš
ַ㡣ʱһַĿ̧𣬱㿴һŰƯס
๫ôҲַ΢Ц£ԭŮȻͳ֮Ůࡣ
ҵһž顣Цַ㣬˶ã
һֱַ΢Цʹɫһ㶣һֱڣûȥط߶
ַͷ
ַĻһЦм⣬漴Цڿɺ𣬲絽ͳ츮ȥߣҸ׿ǶǳͣŽһ
๫ҵҪĹž𣿡ַ˵ͷ漴ַȻˣַ㹧ˡ
ǺãҸ׶ǳˣУ㲻Ҫٳƺ๫ˣֱӽС
Ц뿪ȫԶƲһɶȥıӰ漴¶һĨŭ֮ɫˡ̫
ַ뿪ʱäڣɵð̾һﵹǸա
ַ㣬˽ؾУͲĴ𣿡ַʵַ㣬Ƿǳ棬˶ԳƷǳİ˿ѾﵽλڤʵĲΡ
˹ž⣬Ǿˣս̨Уﻹʲôõطȥģַһ
лЩصġַĻЦ£ȥҸҲȻʧˡ
ǳų෽ȥģ˽ǣ෽λﶼ˽˸ܹ̤ۡģȻ·һˣʱַһ֮ء
ͳ츮ۡ·һƬռ䣬Ƭշ·𸲸һ˪ƱѩڻƬضǸɾټĿռǷǳġ
ַʱͳϥڳˮǰĿ
ַ㡣ͳ۾תַɵЦŵ˵ͷ
ðͳĪ߶šַͳΪ˲ƽ׽ˣҲˣ㲻ˡ
߶£Ҳ¡ͳǣҿ
ַߵرߣȴַֻ֮֮оһˬ֮ϢӭƻȻɣƮƮȻҲ
Ϣַ̾һͳЦ֮㽫һȡ
ַ΢΢ͷһʱһ֡
ͷĸϵԡͳ
ַͷŷ֮䣬ַֻоһ֮Ǹϵ򣬷·֮бݡ
ҵıӵ֮⣬жϵ֮ʱ֮⣬֮ͨʱƽ⡣ͳ˵һʹַΪ𶯣û뵽ã


1861 û
˻֮أ֮УʱַϢʱһâޱȡ
ַֻһӰʱݹ˭޷뵽ڼǰѱٴΣ֮ʡ
ַ㣬Ϊƺֳˡ콣ַߣַֻâƻϢǿ˼֣Ȼ콣Ϊ֣ܸоַЩԾϢеǰǿ㣬Ҳ˵Ϊλָо
ַվ콣΢Ц£ǰȣƹضɡ
ʥؼž޽ܹҶ޽͸ܻ콣΢΢ͷ޽Ϊսɽֻ轣ɽ䣬ʦΪ˶չ׷ɱֵʥټѾΪʵ֪֮ǿ˶١
ò˶ãǰܻؽɽˡַ΢Ц£콣ĿԶɽȻҪȥġ
ʱŲֻԶĹھǧ֮ͣ£ַ콣΢΢㡣
ˣַŽĹʵ
ܷɽԼ档ĹӦַ΢΢ͷ룬ȥǡ
һᰲںСĹ£콣΢΢һЦĹһµǲϧ츳Щ
ǰ񽣸Ϊл֮Ȼ֮⣬δгɻ֮ˣǿԵĻǰǷܹṳ֮̈ٸһЩ͹žǣҲɱ
ޱǱʲʾҲԶһڽĹǣֻ񣬿컯ˣڰ˻ľ֮أֻҪû֣ʳлټĹžӦǣ󣬾Ϳ컯ˡ
콣ʻ˵겻Ρ
ַ˵ͷھŴɹ챤򴴽̨С缸ǿУ޷𣬱ǵ
һַ˸С̨֮ͤУλŮŮӽԸУַŮȻһ˽ûѾ޷̾һ
洩ŻɫۣĽţԸУʳڣķѷյСѾͷһϮβȹԵø߹ޣͬ˰㣬ʾȷ滹Ҫ֡
ַ㡣ʱŮ׷̧ͷַƮǵвɵ¶Цݡ
þòַ㿴һԽų֮̂ͤС
˼˰˻ģҲǣҪҺͽ㣬ǽǺˡΪʣ͸յ鶯ַ֮ƲƲ
鷱࣬СѾͷͲҪҼƽˡַŷЦ
˭СѾͷͦسǰַЦãڷϺݺݵ£㿪ȴûжַ˸ţ˲˫Ư鶯۾ݺݵĵַ㡣
㿴ǲСѾͷַЦ˵
쵰۸ҡݺݵĲַһţʱַҧҧӣúݰ
һۣˣСӰ㡣
ǣҿǷɽʣ㾹˶ҡ͸šɱַЦãˣСѾͷˡ
ַ㣬ڴΣȴûǶַʵ
ԣʲôģʥ𣡡ʱҲȤЦʵ
磡ַ£漴˵Ҿ̵ĺ˵˵ɡ
˵գַ㽫һЩͷԼ˵ţģŮҲԣԭ˻ľ֮أǴƫһĽ䣬Ŵɹ챤ƿ֣Ŵɹ챤ҲǱɽϽ
ڴ磬ͬɽ֮½оֻ½ʮ֮ǣʥݣһ֮ǣǿĹʥ塢пµƼѧԺޱĹž飬ĳ
սѧԺˣǿ𣿡˸˺֮⡣
ǿλʣԸնʲڻ£һЩܹԽһ󾳽硣ַһʹ÷һҲǿߣ֪ʣжô
ַ㣬ڰ˻ĵ˶֪ǳҿͨжǿЦ
ַ㿴Цķӿַ΢³һ֣
̼䣬ճΣһ֮С
ΣȴοȻַЦ£һۣʱ𣬷ַƲƲ죺Ȼ۸ҡ
Եġַһ
ַ⻹ֻСţѣ˵ڴ齨̨ͳŴɹ챤ʼҺҩɹƿˣڵôܱȵˡ΢Цŵ
˸Դƺ㽡
ʱĿ⿴͸ż֮⡣
ɽԺұ㹻ˣҪַһǰɡ˵ʵниַչ˵˼ϾķһŮȥ紳Ѿͷȱۡ
һ漴Ц£ȥʲôҲŲȥˣһҪɽŮʣڰ˻ľ֮أò
ַ㿴ŮԽãΪԷǡ
츳˷ˡҡͷ
˭˵˷ˣСô㼸ǧ궼ϵģٳȥҲһԵú⣬漴ַЦַ㣬ҲˣˣҪˣǲҽһЩá
áַ΢΢ͷģԸ棬˵ʲô˸ʱһŷȥַĶ֪Ҫʲô΢΢ϣ漴ֻоһӿԺ֮С
һЩʱ̣۾˿˿⣬ַֻﶼˣԼ͸ɡ
ģСռˡȻһЦ漴ǰһǾַ߽ϣַһӵַ˽ַ㣬һܣҽе㰵㡣
˵꣬ٵ뿪ŷֵ㣬Ҳӵ߰ɣ϶Ҫȥģ˵һ޷ټˡ
иоЩȻ׺ɣָһӼ䣬յİ˻ĴŮʮиʣ඼Ѳڣ˼ܸоһį
ȻȴվԭأƮƮȴ޷ǰַ΢Ц£ǰ˷һӵʹ÷΢΢¡
أַһи̾˵һ𣬴Ҳ޷ټȥѣȥʶˣж٣ܹһֱߡ
ͷŸӵ뿪ˣַҲ̾ƣ׺ֻںͤУ˿˿Ī꣡


1862 ѩļ
ַڷͷ뿪ãķ˽󣬳ϻ֮ضȥ
嫰˻ľȹҪһʱڣʶֵܡѣͷַ֮һȻ֮УΪԼҪȥһˣĴŮ֮һѩ
˻вٹѩĴԣʧȥ䣬ȴƺǱ˿ĨȥģЩ޸˶֮ӣ񣬴ѩĪ⣬Ϊ˰˻һѩƺһֱҪڡ
ʶһַȥѩˣӴ֮ƬС磬Ҳǣҡ
֮УƮ죬Сڣֻһֵɽ֮ϣһƮϥޱȣ·ƬգΨһ˶ѡ
ַ㵽֮ʱױ㿴ѩû뵽ҵ֮С
Ʈʣȴ쳾ҡַ㿴ŷϥѩ૵
ѩƸоʲôȻ˫ȴ䣬ʱ͸żĨ֮⣬ַ˭
ַĿ΢£ѩ˫۾͸ɻԼı䡣
û𣿡ַһ
ƺЩϤ㵽˭ʶ𣿡ѩ΢ַ˵
ˡַоȣѩϴξʧȥ˼䣬ǴλϣּѩӦòʶģǣˡ
ҽַ㣬պʶСĳ㷿֮Уйѣ㻹ǵ𣿡ַƽ˵ȴѩ΢΢ҡͷַ㡭ƺ㣬ǵá
ַ㿴ѩĬȻĽŲֱ̤ӳѩӳһơ
ѩɫһһȻڿƮͬһ͸ֲ̺֮ĺ֮⣬ȻƬշ·
ǣײһַֻоһ㺮˪ͬѩ㡣
üͷ΢ַ£ʱϵ˪ѩʧĿһǰѩѩʵǿȴһЩλ
ߣֻѩһһʱȫƮű˪ѩʹַ嶼Ҫᡣ
ˣַһȣѩըѣǱͫʹѩݺݵĲ£漴ֻоһ˫ͫ״͸Ժ͸־С
ѩļڳ⣬ԸߵĻܹǿ߰㿴Ǻԭ㲻ԸĻұ뿪ٴ㡣ֱַѩԺ֮ʹѩԴݺݵĲ£漴ǿֲ֮дԺʧַ۾ѩҡˡ
Ҳ֪ļȷˣ⣬벻̫飬ȫ
ѾֹǵһγֹͶ֮ӵĴϣѾʧһΣȻ޸֮ףʮδʧ䣬֮䣬ǷҲʧַ㶢ѩڣʹѩӿ־޴ĲҲ֪Լ֮ûʧΪȫǰ¡
Ҽ޸˶֮ӣѩַʵ
ûУҺ͵ʱ˻ĵһЩǿƻ˻䡣ַӦһҽַ㣬ҩɹҵʵҪͼıĻӦ֪ûеֿƬ棬д磬ǿҿԴȥҵʧԭԸԸ⣬Լ
ѩַ㣬Ȼʧ䣬ȴַʵҪΣȷ޷˵ģַ˵ĻкܸߵĿŶȡ
ַûм׷ʣֻǶѩƬ̣ѩ£΢΢˵ͷãҸߡ
Ӵ˿̿ʼΪҪѻߵˣ´εȵ֮󣬱ͨЩ֪ȥǶʱշʲô飬Щѣ˭ĵˡ
ַѩ˵ʹѩͷ΢ǰΪʲô֪Ըûôַ˵ƺʧ䣬ԣȷбҪˡ
Ӱ˸ô뿪ڣѩַһֱĬ˫°㡣

ڤ磬ַ㱾ͳ͸һĸţԼѪҺ뵽֮һĨϵֻһʱţ·˰㣬ַͷϿգһϢ£ᴩַ֮С
ַ㣬ƿжַͳַһ
ʮַ㺬ЦӦһʹͳɫһ֮⣬ʮʮϵܹһ磬ؽһɾ͡
ַɻʵֻͳ쿪ڣѾ߹㣬֮ܸ֮ͬһˡ
˵ţͳ⳯պһƣ֮⣬֮ƴݻһУ·ջ˪Ȼֻ˲Ϣ֮Ǻֻһ֮ҪɵƬա
һĻʹַͫ΢΢£Щ𾪵Ŀͳ죬ǲǶַĹǷıá
㿴𣿡ͳʵ
ղǰѾ˵֮԰ݷ򣬽뵽ͬһֹ֮Уѵôַʵ
ֻ֮⡣ǳЦ£ַ¶һĨЦ⣬˵֮Ѿ˽ȥʱķ򣬾һַһַз򡣡
һַз򣡡ַͫ΢΢࣬˼ǣֻҪһַֻҪҲ֮ҪʱһַʵǶַ򣿡
΢Цŵ˵ͷʹַ΢΢£ǧȻ治Уڤͳ죬ӵ
ʮϵҪͬ޸ܣβ룬ܹƿֻ֮Ҫרһϵƿʮǿַ૵ˣܹʹ÷ýڹͨӸǿ
Խ࣬ȻôԽ󡣡ͳ΢΢ͷ˿ӦףΪұȽϲɣս̨֮ϣչ˶ַ֮Ϊұ㲻ܹ֮ͬ⣬ܿɹˡ
ǰͽַ̣ġ
ַͳ¶м֮⣬Ϊһͳ죬ͳ˴ֻܸм
ĻԵͳЦŵַ㣬ûȤţûеĻʱȸҰɡ
ַ߶ͳˡַ΢Ц˵ǳˬĴӦͳͳ죬ȻȼŸãңֱӽӴͳԺҲӴεۣӶѰһȥİ취


1863 
Уַϥ˿£Ҳһͳһ걾е֮˿ַ̽棬ʹַеĸ֮⡣
֮Уʱַվ޴ޱȵĹ֮£
֮Ϊ֮ڣܵоУ·Ӧ΢ϵġ
ݣ֮ڰݣγǣ֮
ַĿתֶĿƬ磬塣
ҵ磬ҵ磬ӦܲŶԡַаĽʹﲻʹ÷ԺˣɻָΣ
ȻܶƬأ漴пʼܻΪܳΪԵף
һ磬ΪףӵκηΪβԼȫϵķ
ַ㰲ţЩˣþδͬľͷ˰㡣
磡һַİƣعַ˹¶һĨ΢Ц
磬ңǲѾԭĵطˡ֣ȻַǰȴȽϰʱʳһֱɵ⣬Ȼʹûб䣬ݳûб䣬һз·ûб仯ַѩ֮ʱһַ磬ַ֪һƬĿռģɣƬռ䡣
ôʲôַ˵Դ΢Ц˵
ȥͷĿ¶һĨǿɫַʮȥ磬˽գԶڱӻ֮¡
㵽ʾ磬Ҿȥ紳ַЦ˵ĿһãһΪ
һΪַ˵ͷ뿪СźƴʱҲַߣַϣСֱַۣ磬ķħȥ
һῴŵַЦ£ҲԶ֮£÷ֵʱҪ֡
ڶãʱߡַ̾һСźƶ§סԶգԣǷǳҸһ飬εأܹصƬܰļ԰

ַ㣬ˣַӳ߳΢Ц¡
һãų׵ܹ뵽ҵĻ֮Сַ˵Ļȴһ۾ַ㣬˺ü¡
ôˣַ¶һ˿Źֵɫ
ȫ˵𣿡һַɫһͣоһ˿˿Ҳ÷ϣֻܵ˵ͷ
ʲô𣿡ַʵ
ûûʲô¶һ˿ŹֵɫȴҡҡͷʹַܸоЩԾ
ͳǰأַ㿴һΧûмͳټɵһ
ֻԶһӰ̤࿴ͳ죬ʵף˴εټͺͳʲô飿
ڳǱ߷һƷƬǣε֮Һͺͳǰһ֮һƿȨͳ쿪˵ʹ¶һĨ֮ɫʵǶһƿȨ˭У
һεҪĺͳΣ˴˵ҺͺȥһƿȨȻҲһ֧ŵˣҲΪ·ǶΪͳ졣
ҲΪε۵ĵϵˣȻܹ׵Ļͳε۵ϵⲢϡ֮¡
ңȥˡͳַ˵һ漴뿪ˡ
ͳ뿪ַʵڤʮǣ
ȻЦһڤжٸԪҲɥǿߣ˻ԼС磬ԽˣµСԽܻǿС磬ΪһЩ౻ڤĸ䣬ʱͻȻ֣漴ǿߴȱڣӶᣬһҲ˵ԴЩ౾ҲԴ
ҲԣЩ޳ɳԴַ˵ͷڤ磬;½ƺкܴĲ֮ͬأǿᣬ֮׷ǿʵԴڤ磬ʮ˵ͳڤ磬ʮǵĳ
ûйãͳˣʱͳһɫףɫϵͼ
ңͳ󣬻һɫ׵ǿߣݣʱƬտգȻȫӰ
Ҹ׵šַ΢Ц¡
ַ㣬һȥɣͳַ΢΢ͷ漴ڵǳ
һ˸Ÿ⿪ʱֺ֧Żϵһ֧ţǺͳľԼһ֧š
ߡֻһַĿת漴һ˫۾Լ
ַ֣ʱһַĿߣһ΢Цŵͷ׿ҲȺ֮С
λͳ춼ˣǳɡ΢΢֣漴֧ŵȺͬʱĳһ򿪸ȥ
ַ̤֮ͬһ޴ƽ̨֮ϣպХʻε۳йС
ַ֮Ͽ¿磬˽ε۳֮嫣һǣ·һɰ㣬
ڿֲٶȵ֮ϣַ㾹òŵĿĵأһɽ֮أֻɽͬһ㰺ס
ε۳ǵȱָ¿һλֻ¸һƿĶ㣬һ˸ȥⶴ
ɳǿٷֵģȴδ͸¶Ϣɴ˳ε۳ǿȻȥƿһȱڣҽȱڷӡסǴ˵ء𻺻˵һ̤һУȻ䣬·һ磬磬·ضøˣǰһɽͬ緢Ļɽ
ߣһȣֱӳŻɽпȥʱȺ˻ɽеһк֮أһ߾սʬ壬ưܵĽۼһĻʹɫһ¶һ⡣
˻ˣͳһ
ｨйΪأû뵽ôͱ֣ǵ˶ɱˡ𿪿˵ʹַаʮǵĳǳҡпᡣ
ַ㣬ڤǳѪȣǵᣬһһ룬ǷǳѪȵɱײһ˵˾䣬ʹַ㰵ͷ˵˽Ƭ򣬿ƬһȷѪꡣ
ƬסԭҪˣһЩõطҲס˵ַƺʶ֮ս


1864 ͬ
ʬݺĴأȻ䣬мӰƿնʹͳ˷׷̧Ŀ⣬漴ֻõӰ
ͳ졢ͳ죡ֻһӰ¶һĨЦ˵ε۳Ǽѵ巽ǶˣƿȨҪᣬǷöء
ȻĴͳ춼ˣҪιأͳʵ
ȣڤǿ߲ڤʾ֮˶֣ⷬʶûɡһ˻˵ͳͺͳ춼΢΢ͷûģڵУȻѪȲпᣬҲǶԾŵĴɾ̭ģҪǾӢǿȻپӢҲܲ羳Ĩɱ
ˣУһֹʶڤ۾֮ˣöڤʳ֣򣬶κһǻԵѣ˭òô
ȻʱҲɱ۵սĻʬۣѻɽ
û⣬أͳʵ
Ϊս򡣡һӰڵ
ε۳ǵǿףԷķѾǴ˹ʶ𿪿ڵλ֡
ս򣬷ֱΪλڤսλڤսλڤս巽פţ˭ͳΣ޷ͳκһˣֱ˳սͳ죬ڤ۾ȨΣ
һڤս巽Ҫֱ̭ġ
ηͳΣԷɱɾʱǶ죬У𣡡ʵ
ֻҪε۳ܹǴɹʶڣ˼ලгڣȻʱ£ͳΣ򵥣ʣµˣ˭ռƣͳΣĻǾʣµֱսƵˣƱҲҰɣȻһǰᣬ۾ǿߣԹۣ֣δ֮κɶԣУ۱ҲԽֹΥߣ֮
һ˿ڵһ˭Լȥģڤ۾ǿߣҪƣǿԼලκηʽ룬׼֡
ͳԼͳ컥һۣ漴ֿ
ΪΣͳһ˴ҪǸȻҪ
ԡͷʱе˷׷ףһã˿̿ʼһսѻֺá
˵ţһ֮˸ȥʱһ޴ĵͼԺ֮С
һĴͼ޾һֳƬսӦܿ˵һ漴ε۳ǣڱɿʼǲˣ߸ˣָڼල
΢΢ͷʱ˷׷ڿնȥ巽ƿȨĹʶ
һִݸͳԼͳ죬漴˵λͳ죬ͻ֣漴һǰս
мƬλڤսԶһλڤսε۳ǵģλս󵽴Ҳ⵽ƣλڤսǣȷֵսģǵ־Բ٣ҿ¶ǾӢͳһ
սʵͳҲͬͳĻ΢΢˵ͷһսǱȻǲǿͼһս
ô׾ͷһս𣬼Ȼλͳ뵽㣬ղΪβἰƺЩãԴѾһƵĲ֮С
ѾƣҶԷһȻ˹ʶΪռƲɣͳҲ䵭˵һʹɫһ漴ϵһĨͳ˵ûҿǲܣȻλͳΪƬսǷü
ˣԷȻѾúˣǵѾǵĳڣǿг룬Υˣ˴ŮԼֶŮڣλһ磬һ֮ͳ˵ϧַλڤʾ磬λһ磬ϣ󡣡
ַս£Ȼλڤ֮磬һսӲʲôá
ַΪþԽѹλڤһ磬֪׿˵
ַ˻΢΢ҡҡͷһȥλڤս
Ǳ߷֣漴ͷжɡ뵢ʱ䣬󾳽ַֿ
λڤһ磬֧ڤʾͳϽλڤһ磬׿Լλڤһսͽˡ
ɺ֣漴ֿ˵һ漴˿ʼ֣ͳǰԶλڤսͳǰмλڤսһλսƬǡ
һܻǳȰ˻ľڵСȻҪƣ¿֮ʵҲǷǳǿҷԱ޾
ͳΪһλڤۣٶȺεȵѸͣǰУһʱ䣬ŵλڤһս
ͳ죬Ѿ뵽һսأңȥලڰɡ׿һĵطͳ˵һ
ã׿ڲ׶Էʵ֮ǰòҪɢ޷һսֱӷ˳չַ㡣ͳһ
ס׿΢΢ͷַʳڣһᾡսͳȥɡ
ͳ΢΢ͷ漴żȥ׿г¿ս䡣
ǲҪϵףַ׿˵׿ַ㣬ЦΪΣ
Ŀ̫ˣڲ׵ΣԷ߶ַ֪˵
ߵˣҲвġ׿¶һĨЦ⣬¿յһй֮أĿһâȫйء
ַɫһ׿Ǻ⣿
ñвǵĴڣȻЩ˶Ϊߣȫɱ׿Į˵ɱ
ǣ˸йȥƬ֮ɱ죬ַ㿴¿գɫһ˵п顢ɱ¾أȻһͷɱˣ׿̫ˣϹŵĵ΢Цַоһ䡣
ַ㣬ΪҲԣ׿ַĲ֮ɫʵ
ַĬȴ׿츳ǿ󣬵δЩ֮ʣ֮·ûʴȣһЩС֮ˣɱ֮Ρ
ͬΪıַĬƬ̣漴³һĮ֮ת˸뿪ʹ׿ĿһַǺ⣿
ԻƬսһַ㵭ĮĿڵȴ׿ɫһ䣺ҴӦͳ챣㰲ΣҪߣĪҪҡ
޹أַԶԶȥʹ׿ɫһɱ⡣


1865 
ַ˸һ޼ʵĿƽԭ̤գ¿նȥӰ·̤ȥ
ƽԭ֮سйΧһСԼ䣬ɼйȻǷԲ֮ΪҪĵطȴ׿һͷĨˣ·ӡ֤Ǿ仰սȡƿȨùˣ޹ԭ
໡һַ㽵ڵأһ򵥵ķȥֻһƹţͨҰޣ޶㲻ϣַ·а㡣
˭˰ַֻһλʮӴ߳ԻǵĿ⿴ַһۣЦСƼ˾ϲҺ˲Ҫ⣬ҿһԶɡ
ſַָָǰӣ΢Цŵ漴ֱӵ壬ǰ治Զһйʲôط
·вԶ̫˳˸ַ£ⶼǻĽ֮ˣʵȽСЩеޣһ꣬Ҳڤ龳Ϊһֱ޷ڤҲͷ
˼һʡַЦ˵Էеڤ龳ڤӦָ侳侳ԷΪȷǷǳ侳磬ͨ˶ԣǵΪǺܵ͵ĻûԴһҲˡ
˻ᰲοˣҲ˰꣬ӵͷҲˣֻϣǽڤڵСܹгϢͺãˣղʵйڤˣԲǧڤǿӵڤ򣬿ԺЩǳеĴᲢˡ
ҼСӣŶʮͷѾڤ۷壬ȻҲܳΪһǿڤ𡣡¶һĨȺ͵Ц⣬ʹϵƷ·𶼻䶯㡣
ַԷĻȴǿһֻовζ
ˣΪӦҲɣزҼСӲ̸ӣƺĿġ
ַȻʵ壬Ҷӣ㻹Ů𡣡
иŮءСƹԴ漴Сƹ˳ȥַ棬ֻһʮҵŮűӣԵøĵˣӳϣƽ˼ֲãַ㣬Ů¶һĨЦݣѡ
Ůַعͷ˵ûпŮϳһĨΡ
Ѿͷû츳ãҸʵ˰ˡЦ˵ƽʵ
츳Ҳûзַ¶һĨЦ⣬һԱʯ̳ɵĽֵ˿СĽֵҲʼż·ߣʵСӣ
ǣ·СӣҼСڤЦŻش·˶¶ĽɫڤڣԲ֮صĵһš
ַСססӶ棬ҲǵķӣСÿﶼô徲һӷַ߶һλŮˣ߹ޣʹǶַЦ˵һǳү·
ƽǣûеõڤڵϢַǲĿڡ
ĺɫϦϣʯĽֵϡ٣£ַϣǴ͵Цݣһ˱ˡ
ַ֣ƵգѾͷԴ֮ƺûԭ£úƽƽ
Ʒƽ㣬ַʶˡ棬Ů˫°ͣ¶ˣƺҲֶԻʵİ顣
öˡ΢΢Ц
öǼꡣ
ʮɡ
Ʒƽƭ˵İɣ㲻ǺַںСʱʶˡŮ۾ҲֻǶʮһŮӣޣĶ
ô֪Ʒƽء˴Ӷķ˳ЦŮԴŮ˸
ʱĿתԱߵļֻͨ곯ʹüͷȴû˵ʲôȴܸоԾԴַ֮С½вİ˳ˣ֪ǲǺַйϵûйϵ뻳ַʲôĿģַЦݣܸɾ
ַĿ⿴ˣ˿ͨͨȻǵΪȴַΪľλʾ硣
ƺĴ˵ˣ֪һַаȻҲСЩ½˳֣ܱܿΪε۳ǵǿ߶ġ
壬סĵطСǼҿջѾˡǰһ
ķѾסˣҪĻֻס棬Сӡ˵
ǺãǾ߶żˡ˿˵漴ǽ棬Ůˣ漴ߵַߣЦŵҲַһ·𣬲֪ΪʲôһǸоַС
СѾͷַŮԴԿҪһЩ
Ůַ֪֪ԷΪ跿ӸסǲǣҲʲô¶ģϾǵĿӦε۳ǵˡ
ȻԷ֣ܰҺʹദòżῪЦһ죬ţֱʱŻ˼Ůַơ
ַ㽫У⿴һۣȻ䣬΢΢һ˰С
漴ַЦ£һȥ漴һƷơ
ţַ㣬¶ɻɫȴַнӹЦһ롣
Ȱɡ͵һЦַ˫ֶţŮվǰĿţڶ棬ӷ˳ȻҪȡ
һ֮漴һŮȻתݱɫ
ַҲסˣɫ˲ò԰ֻԷһֱֻӡڴϣ̼ϳ
ַ㶸Ȼһ˲Ϣ˵ϣʹָһ
סŮ޺һ˲ȴһĴӡֱӿŮϣ·ӡ
ҪַŭһҪֹˣָŮͱԷסûзӦʱ䣬漴ֻԷӡ͵һۣʱŮֱӻΪޣ˼ʧ
һˣôʧַǰ
ַɱȺҲĿ˲пɱȻ٣ڿʱ˾ҵķӦ·඼ͷۡ
һϢ֣漴ƵʧԭأַĽŲȴǰߣֲŰڴڣ屧ֻоĺʹ
ԭ˵Ľ
Ľë£漴۾ַ㣬¶һ˿Ц⣬ȻȴЩ
ҩǡԳַַ㣬ҲӦҲǺȵģңɱҼСӵˣûķݣ𣿡
ûУַʹҡҡͷЦˣЦúܱһûпˣַ㣬԰ҼСӱ𣿡
ַɫһĬ£漴ֻɺЦȻУȴҲûɣĿŵģַ㣡


1866 ŭ
ģԼûʶ֪гϢĶӱ˻ˣΪЩİ˸ɵģ߷һ죬ֲϣܱߵ϶˺ܶİˣΪһˣҪǣһַҲ˽ȥ
ϧʧˣеľ綾ƺûãЩÿ£ɱŮŻк壬ǼַȻɱ۾һһַ㶼޷Ȼ
ַ㵱Ȼȥִ壬һ˿ûУֻǸƽˣĳɾͣҲĵ׵İοŵĺˣһб㶼Ǳƫ
ϵ˶նˡʱһֻɱŮɫĮĿ˵ַͫһŶԷɫ
ϵγ𣿡ַ˵
ǱؼãȴͷȻȻϵ˻飬ҲҪƿɱֲĺڤӡֶַȥſֲڤλڤʼǿߣַ²ǵĿģǳε۳ǶģķѾΧ׼һٽεɽȫߣķĹʶεɽ˳ᡣ
ķαװΧСϣ˻ûȫǲʲôݾߵģҲֻǰĻС棬ȻѾɱҪϢйֻȫɱˡ
䣡޴ڤʹɫһַ㣺ҾȻˣǱ֮˻εɽ֮ˡ
ɱˣַŲǰ̤ɫ֮⾹ǼĿ£ڶԷϡ
ɱң㻹񡣡ԷַܵЦһŲһ̤صѹҪѹַ㣬漴ֻȭâƿգʱؼһɫȭâղͬһŭХĺɫַ⳯շѹɱȥ
˴̤СˣǳŻ߸ͳľţʮǵľӢǿλڤʵսЩ˶˵λʾٮٮˣվλڤһε۷ˣʵ¡
ַλڤʵս̨԰սʤλڤʶܹӦһļǿߣȴˣȻھҪԷһӶ뵢顣
ò˵ôĥǻᲨģһǳľңʲôΪվǸˡ
һϢ·ǽַ·֮ڵڲһҳ꣬Ĺʡ
͡͡ХգŽٽԷĹշѹĲܿ콫Է˽ȥ漴Էֻоɫһ·һƬĿռ䣬ַڣղϢƯŮҲڡ
Ȼ䣬һȻȴվһȴǽӲô£Ȼ޷
ˣһŭХɫһһڤƺɱȥȻںһɲоԾͨʱԶڵķΪͬʱʹеķڣϳǿĹȻһιɱʱоеķ޷ֻо߱ķ
ǵһַ磬ַȫַͬϰ磬ӵаԶԶԵķԹԶꡣ
ַֻԷĹշ÷飬˲ϢŶԷȻһ֣Էַ֣ǱͫٽԷ
ɱַŭХһħâʹöԷɫ䣬Σ漴ӭıǿµһ
ҲڴʱһҫĿ֮һţޱȵĽݣȾѪҫ۹ԡ
ԷɫȻ佩Ӳ漴һõӰӶԷƮֱַӱٺǻ޴Σֱڽ»ʬ޴棬ɢ
ĨɱԷַ֮㽫Ʒưٻصѩ¹ƬĿռ䣬֮ء
ιַ˳Ƭռ䣬嶸Ȼ˳СϴһҵĽʹַ¶һĨѪ֮⡣
Ӱͷ貶Ŀ·ӵ㣬ַֹܹܵķŭ
ţֻһ˿ַ¶һĨ⣬͵ıһƣŭһ
ŭӶԷд͸׵ȸϵȥЯѹ쵽ͬ磬·ֱܹӴա
ߣһ˫ֳǰ˳ʱһĽɫԲ̳֣У·ŢɫԲ̹âţ·Ҫˡ
ַһ̤գƲ֣漴ǰԶصĽȥֱӽΰȻ䣬Էʧˡ
ͣһȣֱƿŭХһ˸ȥַûȥᱻԼСˣθ˸Ƭ֮󣬳һǿǰ
ǺˣԷһַûκַ˶պͷķЮ棬ͬʱɫʹٶȱֻҪԷסһ˲䣬öԷʧƬϡ
ͱɫַ㲻Сϼ۶ܿ죬Ǳע⵽ˣֻʱһӰڿնȻܿͷݺݵĲ˲ֻʱյУֻʣ˶ѡ
أӲɫ鴤˶ˡ
ַ㱳ɫվ֮ϣŭХ½âɨһ۵棬ֻСһʬ壬˺ܶˣЩλڤʾǿ߶ԣСϵ˾Ǹ¾ġ
ʲôˣЩɫӲַ㣬ӹɣЩʧ˶ȻǺʹйء
ѪծѪˡɱַŭХ˲ӽһˣֻоһǿȻ併ϣʹ΢΢ЩٶַۣǰһνԷס漴ַӰӹʧ
һĻʹɫѿǷоõַʵ̫ǿҪɱκһ˶ףȻǶݵһ˲䣬ַ㾹ȻܽŪߣŪȥˣ
ǿķǬҲûκεļֻһϢ޷֪ʲôϢ


1867 
ַ㽫˶Լ磬ƬĿռ䣬ԽԼҲ˽ȥ
񱩵ĹŰЩǿ߷ĺţͼƿȻַΪһΪλ֮磬ټأ֮ɣȹޱȣЩԸͨ߻ֻʹƬռ䶯ҡһ磬ȴ޷䱬
ַ֮ʱͫ׷·֮ͫǰȺɫпµĺ⡣
ֻһĿַ㣬Ȼ޷ƿؽеķֻƾй
ǵءַĮ˵漴ֻâ˸˵۱˱̫֣ǿʢ̫֮ҫ˷·а˿̫ҫʹЩ˵۾
ε۳ǵĵϵ֮ˣ
ս֮ϣý۱Υ߹֮һ˵ַ㾹Ȼе۱Ȼε۳оڸλ
͡һŶĿĲ̫͸գֱӺ˵ϣʹ˲ըѣɢһĻʹɫӲĿѿ
˿ѿַΪӦλڤʣǿƿ˵۱ǶԾѡ
ʹǿ棬ƷãѾһ۱ѾѶȥε۳Υ򡣡
ѶϵҪնϡַ˵ѾСԹƿ߲⣬˺һϵնϣ
ɱһ̫ⱬѣ˵֮ڲ̫±˺ѵΪޣһɫ԰ףɫѿ
ǸղɱСˣǵޣȴΪַ⣬ַɱ¾Ҷ
ַĻ˱̫Уʹð˱̫е̫˵۾ʹַ˷·վ̫棬ͻ޵ʱ򣬽˱̫־вɱλʵǿߣַ㱾Ϊλʾ磬֪õ۱жǿᡣ
˶Ŀ̫âַ֣㱳̫һɱʱȺϵ䣬ֱȫЩ˵Ĵֱ֮ܵӹըѿʹжѻıﶼѻƬռ䡣
ڣƬռ磬ַ֮⣬ûˣȫɱ
ַ㽫˱̫ȴûаĿУص磬ǲлϱԼһ߾ʬ޵оЩ
ǰֵСȴʧ
ղŻǿЩڤǿߣ޼ɵ¾Ȼѻ˳ӵ
ǰĿŮĻȻ飬Ľʱ޿̲ݣֻԶȻܶʱֻһ֮ֻһ˲֮䡣
ʱԶգ֮кڰ֮ƹƮͬףַ̧ͷһһۣƴ͸޾ա
Ҫôַ૵Ǽ֣Ҫε۳ǵ˳ˣȻַȴûκεĸо㡣
תַֻŲ̤ҵ˴壬漴ķݺһ޴ĹѨУԴص֮񣬱ڴ˰ɡ
Щַת뿪СԶε۳ǿڵķλǱߵ飬û˹ϵ
Щ죬ַڻҰ֮Сڴɽ֡ڳǳߣƽ˵Ĺ£ϡҲ˱˵𡢶ԹɱȻȫվԹߵȥΪЩ˺ûнȻˣżһЩ飬߷߲ƽһЩɹ֮£ֻоܰ
һºַģҲûһɽ֮ϣǰĲãأַ¶һĨЦݡ
һַгһƣбݺݵһڣʱֻоǻģȻָоȴеʹ죬Ҳ˿˿ܰõĻ䡣
ϱ¡ӹ֮ţҲһӹ˶ַ¾Ʊ΢Ц˵ݱ䣬޼ʣһжĵĹɣܲ磬Լ磬ǿֻһͨ˶ѣܹģֻЩԼԼϲ飬ܹյģҲֻںˡ
Ϊں塢ںŮŭһŭ֮ɱЩСɱ¾ȺΪںԻʹ
ַ֣ʱһ֣Ʈڿգ֮һ𣬲Ͻ棬桢һ֮䡣
Ȼ䣬ɫϢʼǴ֮ɫתƬ֮ɫ֮·Ҳ˺ɫ̣֮ױǡ
ַһ漴ĺڰ֮ʱ˼ܿ죬ԽԽ࣬ɫֻ֮ɫ֮档
Ʈ뿪ɲƣַһ֮ʱøӵŨеʼ۶
֮ޡַ¶һĨЦ⣬ƳϿʱշ·ڻһɿֲ籩УĳƹƬճ֮䣬޾֮۶
ַһ³ʱɿֲ籩貵ɫ⻪͵ĳڹᴩ룬ϴ
ضȻɫ֮УһɿֲķڷĻۣ·棬ַͬһɿµķ籩㣬ʱԲǧ֮صȺĿȫ
壿ԶȺɫ˸Ҫ壬̤֮Ȼ˵Ƿ壬ƺ̫ǿЩ
ַҲ¶һĨɫ㶣ܷѣ֮Ҫ磬ô
԰ⷨ壬ôôǿ󣬵̤ʾʱ򣬿ûǿķ֡Զһʧ¶ɫңƺּ෴ķ
ͬԴ֮УƬҲЭ𣡡ַǹһĨЦ⣬Ƭ֮˫طᴩڷŰϴʹһ֮У·Ƭյķ򣬽ҪΪƿء
ַһԶ޴֣ɫ֡ɫ֣·ب档


1868 ֮
ַ㰲ɽ֮ϣᴩ޵֮ˣڵϯλ֮ʱҪһЩʱķ壬عͨʹ֮ͨԼķԽǿԷԽ̣ܹͨ۵طԽǿʢ
ǿͨط߽һγɵֱӹǿ޵£Ȼܶõؼ䷨ԽǿԽҡ
ַַս޷ֱӹ֮ͨģĶǱӵеԴԴķǿʢȡܷ֮ǿҲܹʹƬصķΪˣȻֻǾĹ壬ַֻܵƬϿɣܹá
ͳ֮ͳַܹͬڣ·Ϊһ壬ֻҪһϵɣұΪϿɣƬ쾹ȻòϣҴ˴ξѾһֵıԵֵΪ֮
ַ૵ǰַŹ֮˵Ȼȴһֱ翣Ҳ޷Ϊ⣬ֱͳչַ֮ƺоƮĴڣһΣҲܹĸоȷԣҲĻԵʹȻ
ʱַɽΧѾ˼ӰǣĿ⿴ַ㡣
Գףܹϵͬʱ壬ңⷨҲȳǿࡣаڽַܷ㣬û뵽ƫƧ֮أȻһ
ãеķ籩ɢַ̧ͷһ죬漴¶һĨЦ⡣
ϲ˫ϵɻʡʱһֻ֮üӰַǰַЦʱַΪȻλʾ硣
ַɫһõ֮Ϊλô
ٲħħ֮ħûеϣ壬ΪԭҵΪ翴ֻλʶѡַа²
Ͼ֮ˣΪĹÿڵһ֮󣬶Ӧ̶ȵĹϣұܹΪĹʥ֣Ǹž飬ֱΪġ
ֱܹΪĹȻһַ棬ͬٲħħ򣻲ž취쾭ɷ
ַħ̤λ֮磬ħǿҲλʲΣħδƬϿɣַȴõ˹壬ַʾΪλʾ硣
ַĿɨȺЩΪ඼λ֮磬ַаݣȶλ֮пΪ֮ˡ
ɻʶѣλضɻѾãϲ֮Сַ΢Ц˵ƽĿûа㲨
£Ƿ֪ڵ磬ڤеһֻǿߴС硣ʱһ˶ַ㿪ʵ
ַ֪΢΢ͷ
Ȼ֪ұֱˣڤʮ֮ˣΪʮ֮һͳʮǵĳǣǳţǸԸ⣬ʱǣԸµ츳лΪеһԱ˶ַ֦΢Ц˵
Ȼȴַ΢΢ҡͷЦɽҰ֮ˣϰ˶
Ǻǣ£֪ҳѾһƿȨһ磬ʱܻҳ֮£ʱһˣҪҳͳ죬˿лᣬֱӹǵĳϽͳϽĪĻĪҪ˲źá
ٶȿڣ˵һϴһĨζЦ⡣
Ȼȴַɫƽûа㲨Цлˡ
˵գַ㲻ԣҲûκαʾһĻʹöԷɫһĨɫƺЩʶô᲻ҪѵҪѹͳŸĲɡ
ֻҪǳǶȡһƿȨʱһԴ֮ˣҪһͳϽκ츳õ֮ˣӹ
ڤһЩ򣬿ǱȾ½ӵֱǿơַ㰵һڤʮͳ죬ͳƿء
¿ҪϧᣬĪҪĪ˴ʱѾʼֱвˣĮ
Ҵڡַ⣬ʱԷųâ֪ô츳ǿΣҲֻһ̤ʵ߶ѣӦջһɾͣȻܾԾĹ
˵գǿ̤һʱַǿҵ֮⾳ַϣҪֱַ
ҲҪ֮¡˵ַ츳ѾȻΪãɱ
ַֻ̤ͨʾһҪǿ֮£ȻԷȴַ֪֮Ȼַȴǿˣ뻳ɣַȻٵıǿ
ַѾ֮ıԵӴ˵ĲΣȻģȴǶԷܱȵģǿַϣûκεЧʱַ㣬ͬ˰㡣
ţƷֲԣַվǿʢ֣ûа㷴Ӧ
е˼ԷЦ£Ųɽ۵ַ̤ȥ͵һӣʱڤצ֣гһ޴ڤצӡ·˺˼϶ַץȥǱУ嶼Ҫֱץѵ
ַӰ磬ȻʧֻǿֲڤצֱӺɽ֮ϣʱɽмѿһָץӡӲ˺ˡ
з֮򣿡Էɫ΢£ַ㣬һǿڤץֱӴַǰ֣Ҫסַ㡣
ЩλڤʵĶʹͨٶȺÿ죬ҷǳǿֻҪһͷַͨ֡аһȻȭâɱʱı֮ڤצѡ
ΧȺһַ㣬¶ɫù죬ַȻôǿҸղħѾλʵĲΣķ֮ѵѾһη壿
ǣĿַ㾳ģô붼޷ףΪ졣
ˣַ㱳ɫ˫ҫĿ貵Ĺ⻪֮ЮַԼɫӰȻʧԭء
λڤǿ߿ַ㾹ɵâл۳ڰ·һޱȿµڤצص֡
ɱλڤһɱʱձһµڤצ˺ѣĳַȥƬնְ
ַŭһʱ·ڤצ֮ϣȻ䣬תڤצ·ɢ漴ַһȭɱǰĲڤצмһ·˹ȥݿࡣ
λڤɫ΢䣬漴һ֣֮ϵ޴ΣҪָоַ㣬Ȼֱ֮ڵڤ
ԷóڤַҪԸѣˣ֮ʵƶԷ֮
𣡡Х죬Ȼַ㱳ֲ֣
ַһץȴԷâȻ·һУַٸᣬ֮ٶȽ٣ֱӸö޴ӷӡ
ŭ𣬾ֱɶ£Էҧס漴һɿֲʼ͵ɶԷ


1869 ̫
ãΧ˿һĻɫһ˾ܻһλǿλڤʣ˿λڤʱ̣ܵ޷
˷ŭһʱһڤӰ֣ĮȻȴַУ̼䣬֮һɻĺڰޱߣ޾Ļ
ַǰһͣʱǻĺڰǰƮȥֱӡڶԷϣַ嶸Ȼˡ
һɼĺڰ֮Ȼ䱬·ԵĶħ棬һҽԷ̼仯Ϊ˻ҽ׵ûˡ
һĻҪǰȺɫȻһ徹ͣԭأɫѿˣ˿ʶַǸ̤ʾ֮ˣǳɻѾõʵ¡
˭Ŀⶢַ㣬ʵ
巽˵˭ַЦһʱ˻һۣ漴ֻһ˵֮Ѿһ֮ˡ
ε۳ǡַƽ˵漴תץѵɽȥ
һնصĽⶸȻ両ֶַֻ֣ʱһ貵Ľâ̼䣬ɽնϣһƽ֮أ漴ַŲ̤ƽķϣĿ⿴ˣҾλʱҡ
ʣµļɫ˸һۣʵɲ⣬޷ȵ׶ǿҲε۳صǾԲðգ뿪ټǿɱ
ܿ죬Щһƿնȥֻ˲ʧַ㣬˿ϥƽɽ֮ϣԺгǧһΪ̫öΪҪ֮תȫ֮һ֮䡣
ʱַڲ̫Ժʥʼ޾ܣ֮·һ˲ܹܳǧֿܡ
ַ㴥֮ıԵ֮ǿᣬֿɵؼ֮ǿȻӵ
ʱַֺ̫֮ͼһһ̫ǡ
̫ͼٴ֮ϣ漴ַƣЩ·˳̫ͼܻȻ̫ͼ·ϵţŰӳȥ˲ʱƽɽ֮ϣ̫ƣ䡣
Ϣַ૵Ȼ䣬ɽ֮ϣ̫ͼɫͼȻʧҲ֮ͼ͸ǿʢޱȵ֮ɽ֮ϣʼð˴ֻ֮Ƭ֮ɽ壬һƬдУ͸ǿʢޱȵ֮
·ɽ֮ˣֻоһ֮Ŀⲻɵ̧𣬳ǱϵɽȥֻȫһƬ֮ɫǿʢۣ֦ͬҶïڷҡҷ
Զ֮Уһǿ߹ȺǿΪʮ̩֮ɽ֮ˣͬǷʮµһλͳ֮ǰһε۳Ϊʵʱһǿ߸׼ɱ
һսĴΧ˰ε۳ǣһٽε۳ǲƽֻ׿Լһλǿ룬һˣֻҪɱ⼸ˣε۳Ǿͳûϣ
̩ɽǴʮλλڤʾǿߣλڤһεľӢʵǿʢ£Ŀ䡣
ֻһ˵Įʵ
ֻղ뿪֮ĿⶢǱƽɽ壬ɵĿ΢΢һֻɽ֮ϣȻдУȫ
ַָڵƽɽ壬֮ϵ壬ܹ˵Ӱս
ߣΪ֮˵һŲ̤ɽ֮ϣڳƽ֮ϣĿȴǶַ㣬λʾ磬ɱλڤʣ
Ϊ˵ħѴλʲΡ
Ϊ֮˵˵ͷַε۳λڤ֮ͳ֮εۺ׿Ǻˣ̩ɽǣҵȱػټ㣬ΪеһԱȥһ
ַЩڤ֮Ȼɱϣ飬Ȼȴֱӣɱ˶ԷһλλڤʣԼԸԼ̩ɽǡ
ַ㵭Į˵ʹöԷɫһͣЦ£˵ϴһսε۳Ψ׿һѣټ㣬˶ѣңʵǿᣬȻ˿ˣҲɣѵ㻹ָ׿Ƕ㲻ɣǴ˿Թ˲Ͼδ֪
ַ¶һĨɫ漴ֻ建վ𣬽Ųһ̤ʱƹ֮䣬ƬľȫΪ˲ʧƬɽ֮ϣһɫ̫ͼ͸޾ʹЩɫȻһ䡣
ͫ΢΢£ЩƺᵽһΣ
ߣһֻ֮ǵ𣬽Ų̤ɽ壬ʹɽѵ
ַһ³ػƬض˺ɫģ̫ͼƬ˽ȥ֮䣬Ψ
סլƬأ磬һƬڰеǿ߳Ȼɷ·û֮У漴ǵ۾ϣһ忪ʼ׹䡣
ţ֮䣬Ψǽѡ
ַ֮ʱñ˵ķ󷨣ɾͿֲɱλ׾٣λʶвַǿ̫֮һ֮һ֮ؼ
̫ǡҪҪ
֮ʧַУһ߾ʬǰʼȡԼսƷ
Щ˽Ϊ̩ɽǵλڤǿߣһǾӢϿɶһ⣬ַ˷ѡ
ʱԶһй֮Уֻһɫ԰ףѿ̤սˣ໥ӡǣȻ֣̩ɽǵǿߣӡһ˲ˣζǱȫ
һɵģɫѿѵڰε۳ǵ˺̩ɽǵǿߣҲ⵽˰㣡
ûһ˸ɵģ


1870 ն׿
ܿ죬֮ˣ֪̩ɽ֮˱ɱϢһʱ׷𾪷ǳǶ໥עŶԷжˣԷ鶼Уз׷ײ²⣬˭ɱ̩ɽǵǿߡ
ʼ̽ʼԴ̩ɽǵˣһɽ֮ϡ
ʱַڵɽ壬ӰһˣȻ׿һˣε۳һλΨһҴߡ
ιǿɽϵȺ֮ʱɵһ
ַ㣡׿ԵøĲ죬деɫɽֻһˣ²һǿڴˣһʶε۳һˣַ㡣
ô㣿׿֮ϣַһֻʱַ۾̧ͷ׿ҲҪΪʲô
׿һĪҴطˣֻλȥûˣַֻڴˡ
ûмĳɱ̩ɽǵˣ׿ַʵַҡҡͷûС
ȻûмΪ̩ɽǵ˷ɱġ
ڴ˵׿ĮһַĿⶢ׿һâ
ܵδ̫Щַ˵һĨɱ⣬׿ʱձͼĲ˳ε۳ǵ˸սգͱֽ֮ҲǱַ㵹Ǻãε۳ǵˣһĴңд
ַ㾹ȻҶ¶ɱֱ׿ַҲû΢Ц͸ŵâɱ֮вơ
ַ㣬̰ε۳սƲε۳ǣһڴң׿彵ɽ֮ϣĿⶢַ㣬ɱ
ַҲվкγûɱ⣬׿Ҫɱң
֪׿˵Ųǰ̤Żͳز˵ʲôңˣͳҲһ֪
뷨ַĿ⿴һˣǻһԹߣǲҪһɱˡ
ҵĸͲصˡ׿ѾʼǿϢɱǿʢ
֪˭ɱ̩ɽǵ𣿡ַ㿴׿ϷŰ˵
֪׿ַ㣬ַ΢΢ͷ
˭׿ַͷɫһٿʵ
ַֻŲһ̤棬ʱһ·֣֮䣬̫ͼ֣ΪƬնУƬȻ֮䣬·𱻳˰㣬ֻʣ¿ֲ֮
׿ɫȻ䣬յıãɫ΢Щ԰ףÿ¡
Ŀٿַ֮ʱַֻң
£֮أֲ籩˲Ϣ׿׿۾Ķַ㣬ڣһ
ȻѾˣ˲Ϣ֮佫ûһҲһֻ̼ʣһʬ塣
ַĿ͸⣬ߵ׿ǰгźɫĻ棬漴һʱ潫˶Уǵ嶼ٵսƷַǺˣ׿ʵǿᣬݷǷĴָбȻڶࡣ
Ȼڴ˿ַ̣Ȼ̧𣬳ԶȥֻһӰ۾ƺϹģʲôַȴܵһɺ⡣
äȻҲսַаһǵһǿ̤սʱ򣬲޽äˣȻ˿̽äӰȴƺĿɱ׿ˣȻä۾֮˵֮ǿԸ֪Χ֮µġ
ɱڣäƽַ㲻ÿɷ׿ݷͬһ㣬ɱ׿һɱǴ´ε۳ǣȻΪεһ֮ݡ
Ҳȥǳɱң෴ܻᱻɱä˵·Ϊַ
ȻأַȴŽä˵
ȻҺûʲô飬ûʲôϵε۳һսȴҪäȻ˵ʹַϵɱ΢΢Щäʶ׿̸Ͻ飬ͽäֱӻûͻԷûҪ淢
˼Ҫַ֣ʵ
ûҵʵȻУǶԷмûܵʲôˣһ˵ĻȻ޷Ը˵ģҵʵͲһˣֻʣˣϣһսġäĻֱӣҪȡһʤ
ʲôôַ
֤ҵʵäֱ˵˵ַ¶һĨЦ⣬΢΢ͷҿɲȥѰǣҪĻʱ޵һս
ûäƽ˵һ¡
ַϥԺ֮Уڽ޾ܻãֻϣӿ⻷ֻƳǰ΢΢һʱһ̫ͼ֡
̫ǡַ㲻ܣϳֱӽڹ֮С
Ȼ֪˿̵ε۳ǣУһݻ֮Уһɿֲŭɱ죬˺Ȼ׿֮
׿츳ƾԼǿʵε۳ǳս̨֮ٳʤսʤ츳ǱѰ˴ǰһӦǽҵ֮ʱ޷ȡûԻսȻƾʵֶټλͳչԼϵĸֱԱǾûģȻ˿̣׿ˡ
˭ɱҶŭ죬ΪһǿãֻôΨһһӣһֱҪ׿Խ˻¶Խ׿ֵͬܽãڣΨһĸնˡ
𡢺ͳ졢ͳ죬ǺõĺݡʼǨŭ˴̤һ漴ֻŲһ̤ųȥ


1871 ʧս
ַڵС磬ֱƿ˷յĵ̤С
ػһ֮صģ巽ˣǿǿ֮Уɵɫ΢£漴ֻһ˿ڵε۳ǵǰսѾرգ˿̲֣ƺΥ˹ذɡ
Ļ£ʱ˵Ŀ׷Ͷε۳ǵε۳Ҳһڴ˵ذء
ͳ죬ȷԼս֮ʱһиšε۳ǵǿ߼ɵ΢΢
Ҵֻǰսᡣ͸ǿ̬֮ŲȻ̤˳ȥ˸衣
巽֮ɫ˸ε۳ǿʵǿᣬҲܲ뵽սУ巽֮ˣȻֶԸε۳ǡ
ܿ죬һййǺͳפڴˣƸܵйĿϢͳڿգ£Ϊ죬ʵ
ҶͬǰȡΪͳĿ䣬źͳ죬͸Ų֮⡣
׿ˣͳɫ΢΢£Ϊ죬׿ʵ֪ģȷǳ׿Ϊ㵽ǷǳһһλӵǿҴˣϻرҪɱԲһ׵顣
㾹֪֪ŭ죬пֲâ
ɫͳü׿ҲеˣϧһλȻսսڤһܲˡ
Ҷһз·һףݺݵĲ¡
ε۳ж˭˸˵Լս׿˭ܱ֤԰ȫʵҪԹ˭ͳҲŭˣٺͶԷ˵֮ڵн˭ȷԵİΣ
˵㲻αػҪͳĵΪһͳ죬˴θ֮սڣȥĪҪ˴ε
ɱ⡣
ȥȥε״ҡͳʾŭ죬ʱƬպƶࡣ
ܺá˵һ漴ֻȻת뿪ߣûƬ㡣
ͳ쿴ӰһںԷв˵ε۵ϵȻмҹ棬εΪʮ֮һǿͳ󱲵ϵǨŭͳôǿ󶼲ܸ˵Լ
׿ȻˡͳһҲ죬׿ʵǱѰɱѹŭˣ֪Ǻ˻ɱ
£ֻԶкüӰ˸λƯŮȻԼ࣬Ƕ˽ԶС
˭ôţ˸źͳʵںԶ˵Ĺ֮
׿ɱǰʦͳ쿪ڵһʹĿⶼ£׿ɱˣ
ôˣͳʵ
λڤʵսǰˣԷֶΣȻһǿ߶ԸǣһЩλڤңҲΥ棬ǲеκһԸȫ˵Щ˱ԸԼλڤǿߣȷûвֹ
߷ߵ˵ƺǳˬԷù©
׿ҲɱˣôλڤʵսҲˡ˸£˼ϸһЩ۲΢׿ʵλڤһΣѾǶˣ׿ɱˣɼλڤʵսȻ˲صģпܻȫûһսȻҪɥʧˣַ֪Ρ
ȷпܣټλڤսսȫʧܵĳסͳƺǳƣλڤʵսǰȥյ֮ʱ⵽ֲĽɱֻʣ²֧š
Է׼ǳ࣬սҲԩ˵
ȻķԵıε۳ǣֽǣļս׼ɽۻٺײֱ޵ûһ֮ûеĻеĻһ
һ˿˵һ඼΢΢ͷ˿Ƕ˾Ҳ˹ʶս־棬ǷǳƵģϾǴε۳һȻƺǲҰܡ
嫵ս߱սײƺԽԽɢˣȻڲͬĵطһЩֲĴս
Ȼһж·ַû˹ϵ㣬ʱַڴҰ֮СС֮ϣ̤ǳأǵϦп֮ȴԼݡԼִͽԼһͨƽˣƽ̬ȡվƽĽǶȣ硣
һԺַ㣬ƺѾĿɣڣͨƽͣͬһͨͨ˰㣬ʱһƬݵ֮ϣҧһݣţ˫ƽĿƬ졣
ַ֮ܿһζĿޣҲһζɱʱҪһֳȻ̬ȥĸһ磬бջ
Ȼ磬ְܱãֻ˿̣֮䣬һɿֲѹѹԶϴݹֲ
ַ̧ͷǹɿֲѹڵķȥ漴ֻңԶһսֱʣ·һİɫ㣬Ƕƺǿֲޱȵս
ˣӹֻһӰַߣַĿ⳯΢΢Ƴһۣ۾Ϲģÿ˶ô׼𣿡
Ѿʱä֪ڶٴγˣ׷˵ˮƽƺһ㲻Ĺɱ
ʼˣۣѾټǵȺˣɡäúַ˵һϻֱ˵˵


1872 
ֲĵ֮£ǿ߶ˣλڤǿ߰գһսĴ巽֮ˣ׷վλ۾ǿ׷λ
Ȼȴǲβ룬˵ε۳Ǻ̩ɽһûˡ
ͳɫƽͣδȥעε۳ǵսΣƬսԼпᣬһǿ棬һ㱻ɱҲǵҲ޷ˡ
λɷҰܵףҵˣǱһģ˵ָġ̩ɽǵڤǿˣ̩ɽǣһսѾʧڣֻ֪һɱ̩ɽǵǿߡ
ǵĻɳϱǡǵڤǿ߶֮˵ڤҲˡ
ǡǵǿߵ˵һҲĬ߷ʹ̩ɽǵڤĿ΢£ˣѵĪ˲ɡ
ǽƬս̤ǿڶ࣬ɻʣôǿһսǳʤˡعǵڤǿߵ˵һλڤʵһսعǼѾˣһսǿпޡ
̩ɽˡ̩ɽǵڤ۵˵عǺ̩ɽ˳һսε۳ѾˣֱӣֻʣƽȳǣʱĿⶼƽȳǵڤǿߡ
ƽȳҲ˳ƽȳǵڤǿ΢Ц£ʱǵڤ¶һĨЦ⣺ô˵һսʤѶҳǵˡ
ȻڴʱֻԶӹֻ˸Ŀת漴㿴һλϹӡһλλǿ߱߶
ε۳ǻδ˳һƮϹ³ģʹɫ΢£ˣ
ͳ쿴äַ¶һĨ֮ɫ⻹޳äַͬʱٳս̨Ӷʤսȥսʤսľʤ񣬾ͬʱƺΪε۳ǽˡ
ַ㣬˶ͳַʵ
ǵ˸Ƭ򣬱㱻ƣҸյֱӺ׿ˣ˲֪巢ʲôֺͽä˵Ϣ޴ӵ֪ضˡַƽ˵һͳĬĵ˵ͷпһε۳ʧء
ͳ죬ε۳ǣ˲˳ʱǵڤǿ߿˵дżЦ
ͳ첢δش𣬶ǽĿתַԼäˣäַսȻỳɣȻǿڶַ࣬Ž̤λڤʣλڤʵս̨ܹɨȻԸЩǿλڤʣ±вˣֻäһˣǸ޷ս
ˣä³
˳սսһŽսȷ𣿡ǵڤЦһһʮλλڤǿߣˣҲҪ֪
ͳ춼ΪսУäַ㣬Ƕˡ
ͳˣԸһսַ̧ͷͳ΢΢ͷ峺Ŀ⣬ͳ¶һĨ֮⣬漴ЦãȻҪս֧ˣε۳ǣ˳սɡ
ɼΡǵڤһЦ漴˻֣λãóһսսһ𷽿ɽ
Ȼֵùʱ˷׷׺ˣͳַ΢΢ͷ漴γŶ֮䣬˳ǵǿԼַ֮⣬˶˵ʮ֮أңһս
ɱäַ˵һַ΢΢ͷȻνڵأ漴Ų̤ʱҫٵĽ֯ͣϳΧɢ
ͳĿ΢ַ㾹ͨ
ַֻϹЮŷ֮ŲڵӣʱޱߣʹЩǵɫ΢¡
˼Ȼս̣˿п̵ġ
ɱֹȺĮڣ֮ǿǿӵпֲ
һʹڤֱһĿڣ£һַϣȻȴַϵޱߣϢ
ѹơЩǵǿͬʱֲַ֮Ϊ£ǿɱֱȻЩַ֮ʱȴޱȵʹϵ֮ӵʢֱʹַΧƿʼð˴̲ľ
ôЩɫһֻоһĪַֻŲȴδ˿ֹͣڵ֮ϣԽԽҫĿһħʹصķӹһɿֲѹ¡
͡һڤìգֱӳַɱȥڤ֮ìЮſֲܱ߶Ǻ֮ڷʹպƶҪ
ַЦһâһƿɱ¸ϵ֮ѹͳìһìֲ֮ҪɵȻȴķ·ûֹճìշѹ顣
ʱЩѾɱһֲǵأȻ·𶼰ȫǵĿĺܼ򵥣óֱַ֮ͽä
Ϣַϵ֮⻯һɿֲУɶȥϢ񷹥·𶼻漴ַſ͵һ̣·Ҫû
äʱȻûţֻ廯һӰٹ죬Ȼһб̶ͬһ㣬˻ֺһƣȴäĽ˲Ϣ˷λͬ۾һŶԷ۾ն˹ȥ
䣡äһƻУˣǴһĨѪԷһֱӱϹ۾漴һնɱ漴ԷҲäĽĪ⣬ûпֲѹȴɱ֮֮
ն֮ˡһŭ֮ͬʱ£ĹиϵĹַû
ˣַŲ̤أʱҫ죬֮𣬺ЩֲĹײһ飬غƶҪûȴַϵµУȻϿճһ̫ͼĻ
תڽǵԼ֮ȻֻԷͳͷ𺳣û뵽ַͬʱӵпֲСԽԽ͸ˡ
̫ͼֱӳ񷣬Ҫ˹ȥ漴׵׵ͼףֱӳֱӱᴩǣ˲Ϣ
äһԷ⣬ʱһĿصĹ֮äֱ˵۾޷ſҽһ˫˫۾ʼѪ
ÿĽһĽΧȺͷˣÿ£ε۳ǾȻλ


1873 ս
ͳ챾ַǿʢ˿̣־ڽäǿĿӽäĽâ૵Ī취򣬹֮
䷨Ȼ֮ȴվֻôһЩܻ֮ȻһЩ취򣬷ǳֲһЩеһЩ壬ӵ취Ǳ
޻淨֮ʱڣȴȻ淨ӿֲһЩ̫֮
£츳ףܹ·ǳɵǳ£ʱ⣬ֻһ֮䡣
취򣬱ǹַ֮򣬺ųƼ٣ˣ֮Ҳܶʹ˵۾ڳ֮У
ս̨֮ϣû뵽ҲûжҲܹһսͳ쿴Žäа˵΢
̫֮Ϲ֮һ˲䱬ɱ֪жôǿֲټɻڣǵǿһ˲伸ɨ˴룬һɢ֮ʱʮλλڤʵǿߣ˿аɥ˱Ϲ۾ˣһˣʣá
ҵһĻʹ˸оһĲǵڤǿںзŹֵ죬ƺҪ˵ʲô۾úܴȻȴԡ
ˣäӰˣôļ򵥣Ȼȴ͸Źǿɱâ˸ʱλϹͬʱɥУ֮·ǵһնϣҷ
ǵǿЩˣûзӦղһײǵǿˣڽäٶɱ¾ʱɻ֮УȻʱʶսɻûн
ַֻβһץʱһλ˵ĳǿ߱ס漴ֱӻ񷣬âҫĿ͸˵ǣɱ
ѹǵڤǿ߱һղַͽäоԴ˲
͡һֱӴ͸գ͵֮䣬ɥһΣǱͳɱġ
ʲôڤǿ߱һŭ졣
ڤ۾֮˲֣֮ͳɫƽֻһʱһǵǿ֣ݺݵһ̼
֮˷׷׽Ŀ˳ǵڤֻۣԷɫ࣬ղһ֮ȷѾΥ˹򣬸ս巽Լڤ֮ˣκɸսġ
֮䣬ǵЩλڤǿ߱¾һգȫҪôɥַͽä֣֮ҪôͳɱƫƫǵڤԶԣЩ˿ɶǳǵľӢȫɱøɸɾ¾һգѾֵʤҲˡ
̩ɽǡعǡƽȳǰѾ˳񣬳ε۳ӵ֮ʱһսε۳ʤλûɡͳ컺ڣ̩ɽǵڤ۶Ĭ΢΢ͷε۳кλ˵֮˵Ҳ޹أҲֵÿ֣ǵڤۣȻ͸ε۳ǵ˰ɣŸȤ
һսǱѾ˵ġ
ڡǵڤĮɨͳԼַͽäһۣ漴Ųһ̤תȥûıҪˣǵսһսϣսǱûбϣѾʧһսҲε۳ǶȡһȨᣬûʲôˡ
̩ɽǵҲ뿪ˣ̩ɽǣսȫʧ
ߡͳƻӶʱճַͽä̤֮ϣ漴˹ȥ
ڤͨԼþۼ֮أмһλʵսһ嫵ɽ֮أȺۼ
ͺͳĿ⿴ͳߣֻ˵һΪսε۳Ѿʧû뵽ͳһһսΪͳֻ˻
ͳַͽä֪׿ɥϢģ׿ˣΪһսǱذɵģȻȴӵͳĴʤˡ
սͳƽ˵ʹ΢΢һѾս
ô˵׿ҲˣɫΪÿ׿ǵϵѪףε֮׿ˣҪ
ս׿ս˻ε۳ǲʤһͳ죬ɫΪѿַ㶼ܻţ׿սѵͳⱣַ㲻ɡ
ˡͳ쿪˵ǰʦҵ˻ȥ̸ʲôսһսĵƣû׿ʲô顣
ˡͷ΢ɫÿźͳλͳΪβҡ
׿һΪ˵ͳ죬ǱߣȴҲù
ͳüƺԼε۵ϵǵ˿ˣһͳ죬ʵǿôͨ
׿սλڤʵսζģһ
׿֮ҲȻ޵֮ʱַֻͽä˶ս˳Ϊε۳һսʤͳ쿪˵ʹɫһַͽäˡ
˻ܳǵˣɫһ漴ͳ죬㶽սһս֪׿֮
˵սĿٴƵַϣʵ㣬׿ս
׿ãսս˺׷šַ𻺻ڡ
׿֮ϵشȻҪһʵǿᣬڳĵλҲܱȵģ׿ӣڰͳְλʱɥǲĸԣȻǺ
ԭҵΪͷֻǸЦѣƺֻǼǵ׿ȴͳͺͳǵľҲսַ㵭˵һʹɫһַһǷǳļͳͺͳ챾д뷨˿ַ˵ǵɫȥ
Ը⣬عǾʱӭ¡ʱعǵһλڤǿ߿˵ĿַͽäǿʵΪε۳һʤͷȴزֻҪַԸ⣬عԸɡ
ɴε۳ǣֻһ˵̬ȶѡʱͳ쿪ˣΪ£ĺ
ⳡ֮սҲˣأͳϸͳת漴˻֣Ҳս
ͳ΢΢ͷĿ⿴ַͽä߰ɡ
˵գ֣ŵʣ֮ˡԼַǣ׷̤δһֱۣ뿪ߡ
Σʹɫѿ˼£ͳͺͳΪһģûǶˣûʸˡ
̧ͷ𿴵عԼƽȳ˵ĳĿ⣬о϶ģĵزսܣ


1874 
ͳͺͳعε۳ǳһЩڳв˶֪ǰȥһңڲǰε۳ǳһϢε۳ǳͳ֮׿ǰһ;Уŭ죬ݻཨ
ͳͺͳ۽´в̫˳˽λͳع󲻾ãҲȻȴɫѿɫȺ²⵽˴еĽȻ顣
˷ǰ·ֵһͳͺͳΪ˸һͳְ֮ȻɫѿȻڵսʧˡ
ֱ֮ӳųڳǶȥֻε۵ϵѪ֮Լͳλſ̤ģ˼ӵȨ̤С
ֻ˸һ֮ǰ⹧򣬾ûи̤빬֮С
Ƭֻ֮һ˳ϵϷ·ȫ壬۾ȴ˺£Įɨһۡ
ʧˣɭȰͷ˾ˣͳԼͳ̫񣬲ʹ׿ǶлͳȨȴΪԸƿأԸᣬЩͳ죬ֱѾε۵ѪС
һͳһְλضȻôΪ㣬ۣ޳֮ҲкǿİȣʹΪѣܺ׿˵ֻ˵㲻ʺϳΪһͳ㣬ԺҪˡ
˾ȻƽȻȴʹ΢΢ɫ̼Ұףε۳ǳȨģϿմȨȣʮ֮һε۵Ȩ˾ԺζʲôӴˣӽε۳ǳȨĵʸ
˾ˡɫӲһ
ȥɡ˾˻֣漴ת빬֮Уʹ˲˱ȣû뵽˾ȴеĻҪ£·ܹϤһС
ΨһֱܹӼε۵ˣ˾⣬һͳ죬Ҫε۱Ҳ졣
εۣʮ֮һڤʮ֮һε۳ǳε۵ĵϵѪˣ֪εжǿˡ
ɥ뿪ߣȻ߳Զоб⽵ϣ̧ͷ漴㿴
ֳһձ֣Ҫһ硣
ҡ˵㣬Ҷ׿˭ɱ
ɫһɫǳÿо̫ùˣ˵Ǹһ׿ôĶ֪
ֳ׿̤һ֮׷ͳǰһսиͳ챣׿ȻҲ֪׿ɱΪͳ죬˺ͳֱӷͺͳ˰С磬ֱӻ˳
˵ƺҪȫƴǵ
˼ǣҶ׿ģ㶼֪ɫ࣬к֮ϣĶӣɱ档
ʱǻսֱΪλڤʡλڤԼλڤʵս׿ͳȥλڤʵսǹ涨һսֻλڤʵǿ֣߳ճ׿Ȼµģοһͳ죬㣬ֳȥ̽
һɺԡһҶ׿ֻҪһʱԽڤ۾ǿ߶ֱɱֲŻᷴӦ˵λڤʵս۸ͯ𡣡
Ҳù졣˵ͷȻѾ뵽ˣ׿ΣƴŲعҲǻʹõ۱鱣ģ˶ȻıɱȻʵǰ׿Ѿˡ
һֿܡͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬˵
ʲôܣʵ
Լͻɱ֡˵һ漴ûˣͳ˵ֻʣַͽäˣһϹӡһ˵Ÿ̤λʣôܹɱλڤʣжȻթңͳַϵַչмӣַ¶ǰͳ츮ۡ
Ļɫ΢¶һĨ˼֮⣬ųֿܣ׿̫Ź֡
λڤʵսַֻԼäˣֳڤֻҪȡǶ֮һ䣬п֪ܵࡣ˵ͷ΢Щ⶯ͳͺͳҲƲ磬ҪǺѣַͽäֻҪᣬԲ⣬ֻĻȥϾַͽäҲĿˡ
ȻΪ˲׿ƺΨһİ취ˡ
ʱַȻ֪ʲôʱȷѾصͳĸۡ
ͳ죬ô׵ε۵ѪѪ˵ݣ᲻ʹͳΪѣַͳһ
ڤʮǣʮͳ죬ε۳ǳôǷֻ裬ôε۳ǣҲĩˣַҪףӵʵˣԶȱȥ·ġ
ͳܻ˵ڤ磬ɷε۳һǣʮǣʮվ۷ֻҪʵκһỶӭһ֮ʱַ㣬ɶܵ롣
ͳˣʮϮôַһͳ쿴ַһۣ漴ЦҡͷȻǣʮ֮λ߾֮гһܹЯ֮ɱε۳ǳεۣε֮ϯλε۳ε۴λãѾмʮδˡ
ַɫ΢΢һʮεʮϯλɼʵȻǿġ
Ȼ˵ҡˣȻȴҲпܻ㣬Ͼ㣬㵹ҪСͳͻȻһַ΢΢ͷ㵹ġ
ߣַ㣬Ҵȥƿصʱͳ΢Ц£ַ˵漴ַ㳯ĸۡȥƬ֮ǲһˮ֮Уˮ֮ףһȺ֮ţͳַ̤УȻձãַǳһԺ֮УַĽ£һͼͼ
ַ㿴һͼ̻·Ǵ֮ʥƣȻͳΪͳ֮󣬴һȴ֮ţͨƿصһ
ߡձãͳЯַ죬̤Ƭ֮䣬һ׳ı磬Ρıַۣ֮ĿԶֻãã޾ı֮ϣһӰף໥ս߽ĵãЩ඼ʵǿᣬ֮ϡ
Щҵţһ㣬ƽ±㹲ͬڴдսҲ໥۵ұǲǳǰȥսȻԼȥҲ֧ţƿһ츳Ƿ֮ˣš
ͳַ㻺˵ַ΢΢ͷһ֧ţɨһ


1875 ɹ
ͳˡʱ¿յţ˿ߵͳ죬ɵĿ΢΢Ƿ
ҡͳƽ˵һʱȺæµԼ飬Ϊ⡣
ͳ죬ΪҸоҲ֮⡣ַͳһ漴ֻͳЦǸ߶¿գˡ
ַ¶һĨɫ漴ХڿգȻƿ֮ϣ·ǰһƬ磬ȻƬͬһ޴ޱȵıһɽĻ꣬
ַɫ΢漴½صͳߣֻ΢Ц˵ﱾΪһƽأҸڴ˵ܻ֮Ƭ֮أһˣ඼ǺڤԵǿߣΪҸҲǣͳ죬ΪԣǺˣ඼óڤǿߡ
иԵĻԵԵ֮򣬷ɳɵΪһλ֮˶ĸ򣬱ͬ㣬Ѵ֮ıԵض̣ҵĵ޷ǵӰ죬ҲܹЩǸܵĴڡͳ컺˵
ַΪȻĵ˵ͷνĵǳڷ֮һ֮ķ򣬿ӰԺֵ⣬ȴ޷ΪȫĿԼĸͳղŵĻʵҲڸַ㣬ҵ֮ҵĵֻҪԼ򷽿ɳɾԼĵ
ְַҲȷʵᵽˣ棬ûİ֮⣬ַûô
ͳ죬֮˵ĵԼĸôҹ֮ʱУܷ֮ɾԼַ֮ʵ
ȻҲǿԵģֻҪԼ̣֮Գⷽȥ֮νĽʣǿļУȱǶеںϣܹȥͳַ͵ʹַ΢΢ͷָһֽݾ
ң绹ʯΪӡֵӡܹεĸͳڣַԼ֮ıԵɼַ֮ǿڤ۾޷һΡ
ǳɵ۵ıȻȻɵڤͬڤۣսȻռơ
ӡַһ֮
ԣӡӡֶ֣ЩӡΪǿ߽ԼĵУֵӡΪͨΪͨµȵӡеӡǿǰգ㻯Ϊ֮ɵӡںֵӡһλǿߵıѪ͸֮Ϊ󣬷ǳһҲһЩǿ֪ԼкŻὫԼӳɵӡ󱲣ֵӡǿҪǰԵж
һصӡеֵӡҲΪȻͬʯƷҲ𡣡ͳ컺˵ַֻǰţ֮⣬ɽֲͬĵӡǼΪܹ
֮ӹϿʼΪ˳ɾ𡣡ַ૵ͻȻʶǿԿɾͶִ֮ڻڱ𣬸Ǻεǿᡣ
ͨ⻯жԵ򣬶ܱϽƣ֮Ǵѳѱ֮Ȼ̥֮ͬΪһԼ
ʱֻһӰڿգͳǰͳ졣
ʯѡˣͳʯʵ
ʮԸ롣ʯͳ˵ͳ΢΢һ漴Ц˴١
Щ˶ǾӢǿߣ˴νУ֪жܹ߳ʯɫΪأʹһԵַһнΣյˡ
ԼѡһжԼͳƽ˵ǽһЩûãҲҪסҲֻһ̸
סʯ˵ͷ
ͳʯ̸˸ôʱʯĿҲ¶һĨЦ⣬Խòˣ֪ûĺж
ʯȡЦˣжһ䣬Ϊÿ˵ұǶŮ鳤ˣҲһ죬ҲҪɹëЦͣȻʯҲǷǳ죬ʯͳĸͳ죬֮£ʯһλͳ
˼ʯȻǸ˵ģֻ㸸᲻ɹʯЦ˵磬ŮʵŮϾж־֮ͲŮܹģŮ˸ױңûˡݡȻֻǴƣŮӶжֻͬ£ǿߵԶŮҪࡣ
һʵȥҲֹͳ΢Ц
ͳ죬λǺˣǰҶδʯĿַ㣬˵ͳǫͣȻܹһֱͳվһ̸Ц֮˲࣬ͳӦ÷ǳǰꡣ
˺ˣַ㣬ɱΪֻλڤʾ磬Ҳһλλڤʵǰܹһսͳ΢Цŵʹʯ¶һĨɫĪΪ
ǰڳս̨֮ϣ̤ϵλڤʵս̨ȡðսʤսͬΪսʤ֮ˣһսܾˣҲʤսͬʱ̤λڤʾ硣ͳЦ
ǰ̤λڤ֮սλڤʣʯЩţδЩˡ
Ҵǰȥμһսһλȡðսʤսλڤǿߣ֮ǵʮλλڤʼȫ𡣡
ͳĻʹʯͷ΢ǰλڤʱȻһεľӢǿߣȫ
һûй𣿡
У߶ȥˡ
ʯ˵ͷ漴ַСһ̤λڤ֮Ҵμɹ
Ҳôģɹ˵ǿ߶УҲһЩλڤʺλڤ֮ˣȻλڤʾ磬վΣշǳģȵַ̤λڤ֮ɹ֮УҲԱ֮ˡ
ͳ캬Ц˵ַʱڿڣʵͳˣνɹ
ɹԳһ磬һȫɾӢǿ߹磬ӵ޾ɱֲΣҲĻԵɹΪɹͳַ򵥵Ľһʱʹַ˸Ŀзâ


1876 ǿ޾
ɹҪʲô𣿡ַһû뵽ڤ绹һ֮ء
ֻҪڤʾ֮ˣԿ̤УȻ棬̤һƬĿռ䣬糹׸ﲻܽ޷ʹ֮Ƭ类һ˳֮Ϊɹ̤ǿ֮·֮ء
ʯַ㿪˵ʹַɫ΢Ŀ⿴ʯǰɹʱ̤ô
һһȣɹ֮һ꿪һΣУͱҪдһ꣬ΪˣŷǳΣգΪȱǿߵ޷ã㱻ɱҲ֪ɹ֮أɱ¾
ʯַ˵ʹַ΢΢ͷ˹̤ɹ֮أ˭Զһ⣬Ҳûκ˱ĻǸҵ磬Ȼҵ磬ȴ֮Ϊɹ
ɹǿҪ𣿡ַһʯ˵ͷܿҪɹ֮ˣҲټŵˣѡԸɹ֮ˡ
һһȡַĿһâĿ⿴ͳ죬ͳˣμӴ˴εɹ
ͳɫ΢£ַ㣺ɹΣأһʱ޷ܶﶼǳ£վڤһ۷壬ַ㣬㻹̤λڤ̤֮УȽһЩ㲻ԸôãҲȹһΪȵʵǿһЩٽв٣Ͼÿ궼С
֮ηΣգܹ֮ϣͳ죬ѾμӴ˴εɹַ˵ʱ䲢࣬Ŭʵ֮ҪѰǰ½ķһǰɹȻʵ
ͳַĻĬƬ̣漴΢΢˵ͷȻԼˣԲ㶨ȻҪסȫΪϣɹ֮أɲֻڤǿߴڡ
ţַͳ˻ɫһһ֮⣺ͳˣ˵ɹ֮أֻڤǿߣ
֪ˣҪȵɹ֮أűܹˡͳ֮ȻԸ˵ȻַȴΪ̫ƽǿҲɹ
Ļɹ֮أҪһˣǿߵĻпͨİ취
ַԣǷǳҪһϢϾҪӴʮڻңңڵģֻʱ취ҵͨ½·;
ַ㣬ȻҪȥɹʱձúһʱɣȵɹʱ䵽ˣʯһǰͳַ˵ַ΢΢ͷãлͳˡ
һʱַ㵹Ҳ͵ֻ߶ԼУ߶ÿҲֻǰؾ޹žԼ֮ͨЩžַ㲢Ҳ߱ǿĲã۶룬ÿÿ
ʱַ߳ؾֻоһĿԼϣת㷢ֹսǴһɫ˸ǰţˡ
ַ㲻ɫ·ʲô鶼ûз㣬糣Ѿһָоˣַף׷˭ε۳ǵĳУҲֻԼЩĦˣң׿е׿֮ȻûκεĶ±͸Ź죬ܲҲԼˣҲһ
ֻҪַУǶȻֱӶԼֵģϾƾε۳ǳսŵڳȨܵͳĪг£ӰǷǳ֮
ֻҪЩ˱ַûа취
ʱڲţһգַһɽ֮ϣֻ⻷ΧƬպΪƿأ棬˸о׽
ʱֻ֮УһӰ¿ַ㣬һĨ֮ɫӾƿ֮츳ڣѹͳΪء
ַе΢΢һЦʯǰɹ֮ս١
׼ˡʯ˵ͷʱַվӰڿգͬʯ뿪ߣƬ֮ǽڱɽһط֮Ѿڶǿ߻ۣЩһ㶼ŷǷ֮ʡ
ɹΪΣգǸ̤еԶǿ֮ˣͬͳԼʯ˵ɹ֮أǾӢսȫǾԵľӢǿߣͨ˸ǲ̤ģʱпɥĿܣԽǴ֮ˣԽпܾ಻̤룬ܳΪͬɱĿꡣ
ͳնֻеӰڵλɶ׼ˣ
ͳ˷ģ˴ǰǱȻͬģΣһ¶⡣ֻһ˿˵ͳ΢ЦŵͷмɣĪҪѬģǶŵľӢϣǶȻʵû̫ĳҲûϵֻҪɽڱǡ
ס˷׷׹Ӧ漴ͳַֿ㣬˵ַ㣬ʵƫһҪСĽɹ֮صǿߣһЩǱѰʱҪ֮߱ġ
ַصĵ˵ͷͳˣ
ˣұ㲻ٶԣλҵǿ顣ͳ˵һɫ£ǰɹܱܿ·
ɡʯ˻֣ʱ˷׷׳һ̤֮ȥܿͳĸۡУַ㷢֣ղͳ츮жƺˣɹ֮ûֻҪڤʾǿ߱㶼̤УǰͳľŵȻҲһʱһɹɺ嫵ǿ߾ŷ׷׳ɹ֮ؿȥ
ɹɽڤʮǵĽ֮أʯǰε۳ǣȻһµʱŵʹַ̾һε۳ǵ嫣ʯͳǴ̵ֱ֮߾ֱȻȥһµʱ⣬ɼ嫹
ɽɹΧ˿ǿ߻ƣԲ֮ػ˲֪ǿߣڤʮǵǿߣгľšиͳľţҲвκɢޣڤ֮ˣ֮һȥ޾ȫڤʾǿߣҴ඼λڤԼλڤʣλڤʼ١
ÿֲǿַһ޽ǿߣǳ𺳣ڤ޾ǿҲǼֲģЩӢǿﶼ˶࣬οڤڤʣ޷
̤ɹ֮󣬻иǿڵ㣬Ƕɹв˲ſ£е棬˵ʵǿʯַ˵ʹַ㰵ͷȷʵˣ


1877 Σķ
ɹʱַ㿪һĿⶢǰһƬŵԲ֮صȺƺΧƬΧɹ֮ء
ڽˣɹһһȣÿγʱΪ죬쵱пԽ룬ҲԳҽǵʱٽȥʯַ˵һַ¶һ˿ɫ漴ʯǰ漸գɹ֮صеһЩ˻һˡ
ַŴ˻ʱȻʱ䣬ǴŻɱһأֱʱų
ɹΣ֮Ī˵̰Ϊɹе˶ԣЩԵһܵõĲƸʵϱɹеˣЩ˶ǾӢɱǱܹõǵĴָ˵һҪȻǱ˴Ҫסͳ˵ĻĪҪѬģ𡣡
ʯʱȻˣʱ֮УȻ貵Ľɫâ̶̵ɲ֮䣬ɫĹâҫƬأֲȻ䣬һӰŽɫĹߴжȻֱӳ񷣬Զȥ
ÿٶȣȻûƬ̵ַͣɫһ漴ڶӰǿߴɶ뿪ͬ㣬Щ˶иͬ㣬Ǿֱͣӱߡ
ЩһҲı˽ɱַа˵ôǿڣǴɹг˺γ£ڤ磬ɹʵǿҲĽɱˣϾݲЩӢܶ඼Ǹľǿıˡ
Ȼ˽ȥʱֻȺɫһͨɫĹߣ̤֮Уɹ档
Ｋ٣żŻһȴǲϣ貵˿߾ûͣ
γ˵˵գʯַˣ˵ʱˣǽȥˣ̤ɹǻᱻ͵ͬĵطǵãʱָ߶ȵľ衣
˷İɣǶ֪ô˵ͷ漴ǵĽŲƬ̤֮˳ȥַҲˣվǽɫչ֮Уַ㿴¿հ쵵⻪³漴Ų¿̤˳ȥ
̤ɲǣַоԼһȽɫ֮ţתƣִַ·ƮΣȻִֻǶݵ˲䣬оһƮ֮ʧоԼڳ¿ս䡣
һ׵ַԺַ˲ȫֻоһҪ׵
ַһϢ໥תϢȻǿʢޱȣɽϵޱȣƻ޾Զֹ
Ȼַȴʵһ亹Ѿ֮ıԵղһ̺Ŀֲ֮ӿˣǷпһߣ˻ǻɫģ϶ˣǸ˰㡣
ɹֻʵ䣬һλλڤǿߣãЩڤ罵ٶȺǷмϣɹ˲֪ж٣ȷмù֮Ϊ
ʱַ㣬Ȼֻһλڤ֮ˣϷŹ
Ӱ磬ʱƬշ·𶼹һµ֮磬ڵĺɫڤߵڰݣ˵ĸо䣬ַ֮ȴûжԷٶȿ졣
ˣâҫĿһͨĻƿɱַҪɹ֮ػ۱Ƿûá
ǣ֮϶Ȼһ֮⽵٣ֱǱϣ̼ǱΪĩǹɻѹʹַһĲ֮ʱ̲ס̧ͷһ񷣬ڤڤ֮еһڿɹ֮أѵνô
ôǷͬһɹҲһλǿƿص磿
£ߵ³һֻһڤᴩգַץһ֮֡
ַ㱳ͬ۾㣬ԷڤȻ䱻ʴҪȫתͬʱַ͵ĳһʱı촫ֱ֮ն飬֮Ϣʴڤ֣û˱
һλڤʾȻʵɫ£תɱֶοǷǱѰȻᶨץַģҲܴڡ
СһӲġ³ϷŰַغƶַʵǿĻֻ
ַâɹ͵۱ָϣֻܿԼʵɱԷˡ
ţڴʱַǰһɽ壬ɽ֮һλпµķֻ֮ƽվǣȴַ޴в
ѹͳȰҲҪڴʱɹˣ̫Σˣ˱ͶǿߣЩɹ֮ص˻ɱ̤ˣνΣء
ȻַɳǰȥֱԷַԼɫ糣ƽޱȡ
ַȫǿʢķ֮Լռ䷨򣬽˶ᵽУڽǰԶַ嶸ȻյУͬʱҲˣ˶һֲĽΨҶ֮һɱؼƱûߵ֮·˺ֲһĿ겻ַ㣬ַĿߡ
λڤʣַȴֻλڤʣۿҪ׷ϣѾǴ׵ɱһȻַ㡣
ֻɫ䣬̻ڤ죬һֲУǰɹȥǶԷȻ׵û
͡һеУʱƬз·ͫâڤܲ
Ȼڴʱǧâ·˺һУбѶɢһҫĿĽâȴдɱ̼仮Ļշ·𶼼žȻֻɲ֮бױȵĿ½˺һС
ڿߵ壬м䱻ΪΣһʱ޾Ľâʬ嶼˺˷飬ʣļöָֻ΢ȫƿ֣ʱĿ⻺̧𣬿еַ㡣
սӿʼֻһ˲ʱ䣬ַ㲢δܣĿ˲ıɱս΢˹ȻԺҪʮֵСˡ


1878 ս
ʱϣһڤȻղŴеɱҲܣǿҲǷ֮ڤǳڶһڤʴ˵ɫȻȴԷɢ
ǿԼϵ֮ȫңҲɱ㡣̧ͷַ㣬ɺƽȶɱߵԭܼ򵥣ַʱɱȻԸǿߣֱһɱ¾
ַ΢΢ҡҡͷʹƽһɫΪɱˣ
Ŀ콣ɱȻ練ơַ㵭˵ȷʵڹάԷղһȷƵǿֲĿ콣֮򷢻ӵ˼£ศɣһɾͿ򣬴˳ɾͿ֮򣬲֪֮û޳ɡ
ױáƽڣɹ֮أҲҪ֮ҲҪ㻹ҸطȫΪ롣
лָˡַ㽫һöָ˳ȥ漴˸ȥӹָУɫȴȻһߣĿ˸뿪ַɱźεɱ⡣
Ȼ䣬ֻһޱȵĽƬնŭХ·Ψɱ֮ȿߵٶȿ࣬ٶַ޷ӵ
ַֻüĴ󿪣һŻӶȻ䣬ַȻת˲Ϣ̼˳ˮԼĺͬһɺХ籩ȫŶԷ˹ȥʱնַǰһɫĻ󣬽嶼ȫڵס
͡ԷǼ򵥸ɾһؼ仮Ƭֲĺˮһǰ͸Ƭɱַ㡣
նһҫĿĹâնޱȵĽâضһΪַȻм䱻Աȥޱ飬䣬䳯ǰһۣƺһϢǳŹ֡
أһȻ併٣漴Ŀֲ֮ϣշ·˴һӰ̤Ȼַ㣬ʹ΢΢һղնɱַ㾹Ǽٵģһͨķѡ
ַʹӶԷǰɱˣ˵ľ̫ˣԺԣһŻĺȻַ˳
ķӦ磬ֱ̧һ·һһԴ潣âա
¡һɻϢŰѿ潫Ƭն·Ҫûֲȼչȥ˲û˶ԷնĽâֱۣ֮𣬶ǹɻĻʴʹɫ˲ѿ˼£޷ٱƽ͵ĻӽԼұնϡ
ɱſ³ʱХƿɱȫַն˹ȥҪ̼佫ַݻɱ
ַ㱾λ׼˻ħȻ޾âɱֻ֮ܺըѣƬռ䶯ַ屬ˣĮɨһۣΪλڤʵ򵥵Ĺȴ̺µղеĽԼУȵԷһͨķȻɱŻ˶ԷһֱۣʹöԷܴ
ڴˣǲ磬ºɱ磬ַ㲻Σķб¶֪ûڰжԼ
һַ֮ٵĶߣȻɫɵַ뿪ַնһֱۣȻָܻȻȴܴ衣
ɱͬһʵ׷ɱַ㣬кһ貵ĻӹͬʱֻǰĿռ䣬ջâַ⳯ɱȥѸޱȵɱ֮·Ƭضǽַ㴦ڱ硣
һĻʹַ΢΢һһ֮ͬʸ㳯ŸλɱҪء
ˣַĽŲȻͣŲȻ̤գʱһ̫⻷֮䣬ַӿǧħ
𣡡ַŭһ˿ֵ̳ĲǾŽٽǧֲٽХŰɱͬʱַȻתͫкƱޱߵмɱȻֻоһεĽâնɱ·֮У֮С
ŲȻֹסֻüйâţǿʢޱȵ֮գеĽ׵ĨȻȴޱȵĺ⣬ȻǿʢĨֽȻȴ˿֮Ŀַ֮ʵ൱֮вֲ̫ˣпܹҪ
ַ֮ͣʱŲļ̤գΧ֮ɫ⻪ţµľ޴̫Уֲ֮ʹ¶һĨ𾪵ɫͣһֱַ㿴š
־ɱͬжǿħӦѾλڤʵĲΣ˿ֿ̣Ҳܿ¡
λڤʣ궢ַ㣬еɱⲻһҪɱַ㣬Ѱ
ҲУҲɱ㡣ֻֻ죬л콣⣬·𲻼֮ΨнķĽ棬˸ܲĹͨŸǿᡣ
ɱһȣʱ޾ĽַɱȥַԼΪģؼȫǽǧ꣬ͬʱַ㷢·ҪƬش
ɱңһʲôַĮڣŲϼ̤գ̫⻷֮ϣƸַ֣˫ӡ£ʱ£ɱʱƬձ棬֮ײޱѤǻ
ַ̫ˣټʥܻ£Ѿܹڼݵʱ佫̳
ʱַվ֮Уջ죬ԿȻĿƽĿ꣬ɱ𣿡
ɫѿ˷ԶһĿ⳯ףߵսܱ߲ǰ½Ǹҵľ棬ɱˣҪɱ
𡣡Ƭ̣漴³һĽŲҲǰ̤˳ȥ󷨵С
̤֮ϣ˻֮Ľշѹâ·Ҫ
㹥кáַŲһ̤貣Ľٵ֮Ȼ䣬ȫ˺ɫͬĩհ㣬޾˲Ϣ棬ȫгȥʱ͸˷·ʱϵĽ·Ҫȥ
϶Ȼ֮⣬ֱӳƬ̣Ҫ
ַŭһؼᴩϣͬʱ֮ͬʱʹɫңʴȫѾ޷ֿˡ
°ɣַ˹ȥһصķԼӿ֣赲Էɲǣͬʱкһ̫⻷ûԷڣʹ꽥۾ûпֲƻȴеɥʧ


1879 ˮ¶
ʱַܱߣ˶Ŀַɱӣɵ𾪣Ҳ̫ǿȻϾһλλڤʾǿߣڽ֮ų֮ȴַС
ַ㿴Ϊֻλڤʵľ磬ȻʵΪӦλڤ֮ģȻ̳˶η䲢ǿƻĹֱһλǿɥɼ֮
ϵַѾڿʼսԼսƷûٽַ㵱׵ϵǰȥ̵ַвܴĪҪСַС
սƷַ֮Ŀⲻ䳯Զ˼ۣȻ֪ղŵĴս˲ˣȻ˸ֱ뿪ߣǿŷû˸׷ǿл֮¶̹ȻȻ˶Լʵţηǡ
ıˣֵַԽν˱ԽǾ
˸ַ岻գǽڵϣĿСһЩ
һЩʱַ̣ҵһƿɽ֮أƬɽߴֱΧ
ˣַһܱߣ漴ͣڵϿһ·Ƭ嫵ɽ֮أ̫֣ûйãһ嫵̫ͣâҫĿȻַֻһʱƬɽ͸Ϣ֮·̼û
Щַ㲢δͣ¿󣬺ܿ죬֮ϣʼӹƣһЩʱ̣Ƭտʼû֮⣬ƮΣ׽͸
ڣһûҲ֮ʱƬɽλð˸о˵һѵܹ֮ʹ
ַͣϥһʱԳһַӰһͨķֱվɽ۵һȥַػƬͬʱⷽԲ֮صĶΣ֪֮ıҲܹ
ַıֱӱϵ˫Ժ֮гһ̣һ̰ͬ㣬ַ㣬վ֮ϡ
ʱ̫̿ԼûһĹƷ·Ŀʹַܹһ
ܻһ֮ɳǧֻ֮ҶǧемѾΪ죬ܽʥܻɾͶеҸӵ̿ʱ䣬ǿ
ַĬѳɣȻַɱ֮ʱоֻƾɻǿѵ޷ɱҿҲҪʱ䣬ͬʱ˵ĽɱΣ
Ժ֮Уʥ֮еһƿʼܻܻģַȫУȴһУһ⣬ҲõİΣʱӵԶʲô鷢
ʱֻ֮һַߣĿ⿴ɽϵӰ¶һĨɫ
ʢ֮˻ڣ漴Ųһ̤վƮ֮Уַǵ֮ʢȣλڤ֮ɣ
ٲ֮ңַֹķƽڣ˫ڵŶԷûκεı顣
˽Ųһͣ¶һĨЦ⣺ĪҪᣬҲ޶⣬ɹգβУ໥ܹ֮иӦ
˵ţĽŲǰַ̤㡣
ǱݲУǸг⣬ɰַ֮ɣڣٲֹұΪˡ
һѣ񲻱ȶһ˸˼ǰȴַâ漴һӣʱƬرɫȵȻ仯һƬңƬرøӵƮ죬ַͱӰʧǰͬʱϢʼֱʴ塣
ֻ֮䣬ɫң죬Ȼȴһֱڻþ֮Уֱ֮ʱٴοַķţȴĿ֮Уû뵽ôĪĶ
ַıȴ۾δǰȥԷϵĴָսɣȴɶԷʬͣǣƻӶʱƬɽ͸ʢϢǱ˸о̹ģǼʬ廹ҪĻַֻгȫǡ
ʱĻţɽ֮Ѿദ˼ʬ壬ɽۣԵЩɷ羰Щʱɽ֮ϵ·ƺҲʱı䣬ַѾڿʼԺе̫ͬͻû׵Ľһ𣬻һԵ֮ʱҲ
ºܻͣͻûһɳ̫ͼâҫĿȻϢȴѾƬնûˣ̵Ĺľ֦Ҷï·ɽۣһ֮ɭ
Ȼַͣż뿪ڴ˵رչ򣬾Ǳޣֱһգӿֲֿħ²ݣ֮ڽ֮УϥַȻ֮ͫкһħޱȡ
̤λʾ֮Ҫžؽ٣̤λ֮磬һپδ١ַ̧һۣ漴ǷߵߣսɵսƷ漴뵽֮ڣƴûдڹ㡣
ַŲ̧ɽ۱Եǰһȥֻһʿվһʯ֮ϣԣڷ
·Ǹоʲô㣬Ŀ⳯ɽ۵ַȥ¶һĨЦݣ£Ƭɽˮ¶֮ˣڴ˲̵Ϊͣڴ˵صȺʱǰˮ¶һΡ
˵ȷأӰΣƺƬɽ֮УַķĿõģȻΪ˴δ¶ʲôֻվǾʯ֮ԶַȻȥǶԷ˾ڵ
ˮ¶죬Ǻεأַһ
ˮ¶ɹѾõɣഫ˳룬Ȼȴ˼̳ˮ¶־ʹһһֱ档ʿ΢Ц˵ַĿ˸£΢Цˮ¶ּʲô
ıʿ˵֮˽ΪȻɹ֮նǿƣҲ˽ͬ˽ɱ˿裬ƾΪս޲ʤɱ޾ˣɹ֮أвʱ˵ɣˮ¶죬ٮٮߣΪˮ¶ܹп֮־Լ˳֣ɱܹ档
ʱɣַ΢ЦҾ΢Ϊѡң
ˮ¶ܳ棬й֮ῴʱΪ磬ˮ¶֮ˣܶ඼һֱɹҲǿο±ͺǿʳڣֲʿ㣬жΣȴ޶⣬Ǹ¾ܾҾʹȥٴ¸һظ
ȥַ΢Ц˵ˮ¶ȻǳɹɣȻɹΪ˽⣬Է˵ɵȷֵü룡


1880 ս
ַڵƬɽֻܴѡߵһɽУΪ˵صҰΪ
ʱʿַ㲽ɽڲ᾵ʯʯ֮бж죬촫ַ㿴ⶴϿ֮оһٲʿֱַӴٲʱһƬʯ᾵Ŀش׵Ŀռľïϸһնʯ֮
͵طж죬ѹˮ¶ַ֮һʿЦ˵ڤڱԵ򣬶ҵشƫƧ˵Ҳдǿߣȷˮ¶첻ģΧˡ
ˮ¶ԳһţҲΧˣ
ǲ֪ɹգ㵽ɹս֪ɹĿֲڤ֮ˣһź˶սֳᵽʲôݽ棬Щɹʵǿʢ츳ڤʡʿӦ˵ַĬԣɹȻûжԷ˽⣬ԷĻƺͳǺϣڤ磬ɹȷǿߡ
ˮ¶ϪƬַ֮㿴˰ʿ֮Ӱһκˮƺ̽ʲô
籣Ǻˣ˼ʿǰɵһ
Ϊַ㣬ˮ¶ɽ֮У츳ڣ£Ҵˮ¶죬ϣܳΪеһԱǰʿʻ֮˽һ
΢΢ͷ漴ǵĿ⿴һλŮӣŮٸʣ߹ޣһϮ򵥵İȴڸǲסķʡ
ˮ¶Ķᣬַ㣬Ըˮ¶졣ŮӶַ㿪˵
ɺ뿪ʱɣַʵ
ƣֻһ㣬Σ֮ʱ뿪Ϊ档Ὺ˵Ļ涼Σձɢ޷ˡ
ͬ⡣ַ΢΢ͷ
ȻͬǱҪסˣߣ˹֮Ȼ͸һϣ׹ʯ֮ϵŲͬŮ˵ǿơ
Ҳɣڤ֮Ѿʼɢɹأ׼ˣĹʮˣ׼Ϊÿһʮˣǿ䣬ΣգԷˮźţˮ¶֮ˣԻϵԮҲһطˮźţҪǰԮ˼ðɱ⡣
͸ʣ˶׷׵ͷַ㿴԰籣ʵˮ¶жˣ
ˮ¶ɹչ꣬һϮһ໥ܶûмǶ໥ֵԭ˲ɹ֮ԽԽ׳󣬾жû֪ġ
类Ӧ˵
ַ㣬ˮӡֻ˻֣ʱһöˮӡַС
ˣԼ䣬׼ȵ˴ɹ֮ʱٹ˵ء˵ʱ˿ʼ䣬籶ַ㣺ַ㣬һɡ
Сַû֮ܿ˱˳ÿһѡһλַһǰ籣ʮˣλڤˣλڤʮˣɼһսȻ඼λڤʾ硣
ʮ̤ˮ¶죬ɽΧ˸ȥڼ䣬һЩ飬ͬʱڵȻˮ¶ԭǹıһŶӣЩҪ˵ǰ棬ȱη䣬Ҹλṩѡ񣬰չ׷䡢ߣȷ䡣
ǰ߰ɡ˿ڵ
һŶӣȻǺߡ
ߡ
˷׷׿ڣһȴַ㿪ڵɣǵõָһѡһöˣƾԼˣǼƽ̫࣬ζǷֲƽģǵر˭õ˭İɣԼõ˭׼ᡣ
Ե˴Ҷȥᱦأ˵
Ϊа취𣿡ַŰ˵ʹðɫһر˭Ŷᱦַ˵Ҳ޷ʵ֣ܻܿ˶Լ˳֡
˶ַͬĻһ˲ϵĳɹ˸·;֮Уиɱ¾Ȼַһ˱㶼ˣɹŶӣһ˶ѡã档
Ҫȥεأַ籴˲룬ããɹսԼ֪ʲôط
ȻǵսĻ֮ء类Ӧ˵
ޡڴʱָ¿յһƬɭ֣ޱ޼ʣϵĹľڵסǵߣȻ͸УַܹһޱȵҰĿ⳯
ˣһֲĹȻ񷣬֮䣬죬ַ˵ǰһȻɫɫľ޴Уһ˫˫޼᲻ݵצ͸ſֲϢ
⣬Ǵ壬СģǵٶȼΪ¡籿˵Щ޴չ֮ǿҵӾ
ɹ֮أȻǿʢȺַоȣֻһȺΧм䡣
ٶǿʢ£ҲΪȻȱڤҼһ򹥻Į˵ʱǰһУһɿֲȻ䳯ǰһʴȥ
̹ǵֻǴĴ򣬷·ҪɢȥͬʱĴȻ䳯Ⱥɱٶȿ쵽ˣֲצֱӳǿɱ
ڤǣһ͸һɿºڤ֮Ȼ¶ȶ½ֻƺʱһɺڤ֮ǰ˹ȥǰһֻޱצȻĺͺڤ֮ײǿĴ֮Էצ
ڤŭһƬػ۳һµĺûȥ
ȻֻЩſ³ֲķУĸգƬض·Ҫһ޴ޱȵķиնϵ
ɫΪѿһٶ˫ֻӲսַ㣬ػ㡣
áַ΢΢ͷ漴֮䣬ӿ⻷̤գʼտ
ˡˡˡʱһĵĴ֮սɺֲܿˣȻȻ޷ǹַ̤֮Ŀ⳯Զͷȥ漴㿴һͷѪɫĳ߼۶ÿһ̤ض֪ӵжôǿ
ˣһǰ֮ʱֱӺһȭƽ򵥵һȭȴ·ضҪ̮ǴХһηԷֲצͶԷײһ֮צͬʱֻ˿Ŵ֮ˣ͵һȻԼǰݺݵһȭֱӶ˴ĸ漴˫͵һ˺ʱѪ׷ɣǾ޴ޱȵĴֱ˺һΪ
ñַͷݺݵĲ£ҲǷǳǿģȻԷȴоԼ²ֵһᡣ
ɹ֮оսߣս޲ʤɱ޾
ַ㲻˰籵Ļ˱ɱǽﲻ֪Σ˶ٱ


1881 
ЩֲȻɿȫɢһ˫˫ĶǳֵѪɫꡣ
ˮ¶Ҳע⵽˴ˣ޵Уʵ£ͽ˺˴
ֻʱͷѪĿһɨմˣȵûн𡣡
顣յУһ껯ΪΣͷɫĳϺɫûʧˣڴˣݵ˲񡣡
Ҳ塣ȵŲһ̤ղֱԱһͷȥǴХһŰɱȥη죬·ҪıУŰиȥ
𡭡һ˻һʱѪ죬յг޾Ѫɫ⣬Ȼ佫ǵĴӴס
ˣһ촫һȭأͶԷײ¡һֲը֮ǴӴޱȵʱһѪ⣬׵ı˺ˣѪҺڰϣֻ죬
֮ˡĿӰ飬˵ʹַĿ΢ʥǿȺȻҲɹս
ߣ֮УĴһ漴ſ޴ֱ˸ȥڴ׷׳ˣ漴ҡ£ֱӳãã֮ɭʧ¶ɫȻ̤գӿѪâֻܾһֲѪɫŭХ£¿ոȥ
¡¡ը̼֮һƬɭֱΪƽأȫޣҰ顣
һǸսˡַа˵ǰҪɱĻдϣǰûУֻһ壬ýȻƴ塣
ȥĿⶢַˣڵǶڤˡ
˵գĿⶸȻַϣâ˸һޱȵֱַ㣬ֻƶȻʱһֻѪɫצƾոֱ֣ӳַץȥ͸ſֲ
ס֡һжȻ仯˺˫Ƴǰʱճһڤ֮пֲڤ֮䣬֮֯һ𣬽Էצ⡣
ҡһĨѪ⣬ŭХһٶץһоŵѪɫӡźڤ֮ȥֱӽѿ
Ȼ䣬ˮ¶ǿŭȣʱڰŰ֮ͬʱӿ캮ڤĺڤٲ˳ȻƬջ˱ⳤӡ
֮˺ðԵңⰽ鱾Ϊеλ֮ˣƬɹ֮أûʲôܹԸˣЩʾ޻ͬΪֲޡ
ַ͵ĳһץֻϿճ̫̣֮۶£ȫ밽塣
໣һգӿѪɫ⻪ǹɳڵ֮ͬʱֻŲȻ䳯ǰ̤͸ſֲİԵɱ֮
ڤһֲֻ֮ı׶ŶԷɱȥͬʱ˷׷׳֣ͨƬնûȻ̫ʢǿѪҲǿֲ˼£޵еĿͽ˺ͨƺ֮û̫ܶǿ˺
ǵַʱ̫⻷ʣǰۣ֮
򣬾ۡ籺˷׷׵ֲʹȫ⻷ӿȥ֮ʧ죬Ǹ⻷һͼַһ͵ĳ˹ȥ
ҲܵǿʢûмǰУ˫ӻѪ⡣
𡢺𡭡أվԭأȭâһȭâѪɫǰͼ˹ȥͼ֮أѪһҪȻͼϲžڣͼ׵ıɢȥơ
Ȼʱȴûмַ˽йĿֻǶַ㣬ܹҺѪȭѾֵýˣֻ㣬ڵħô£
ַɫ΢ѹⰽͻȻԼ֣ԭǸܵԼڵڡ
żȻѪַӦ˵ĿֱӰ顣
鲻ÿɷֻԴ̧𣬶ȻһХݣȺֻоƬضڶͬʱַڵѪķХֹһ˻ַֻſһ£ʱ죬ſֲħϢ
ɿǿʢϢʵ壬ʱһֲĺڰħַϣڣ£һƬƬ۶·ǿֲȻΨȴۣŰ飬ƺЩơ
˼һһֱڣž޴۾ַ㣬ǲ졣
ϱѪôǿԼѪҵѪǿǿ񲻸áַ㻺˵鶢ַ㱳ǺڰħжȽ٣ı
壬ΪΪ֮࣬塢צбһ࣬ŰѪټħ
ΪģսҲǿ
ԺҲ׼һֱڣַ˵ַ΢Ц£Ű飺ҪȥҵҲûʲô
ҴߣȻܲ죬һͷħɳǷǳµģħַѪģȻַΪĸΪֻҪַߣ˵Ĵˡ
õõΪβϡַЦ˵ȻȴǳĬˣƬ֮󣬲ŵַУѪһħһ岻Ҵȥ֪ᷢʲô飬㻹ǽиħһΪȻצҲУǺ壬ʲô⡣
ȻˣҲաħûлعַڣǻΣڣͬһϯɫװ㣬£Щˮ¶ֻоһ꣬û뵽ַھȻһ˿ǰǵĵⶼڲ֪ʧˣǵȻоõ


1882 ս
ڰħַɳͬ꼶ȴȻǳ֮֮¶ֻǶַʱ嶼Ŀַ㣬ĿЩƵĶŰ飬ΪܹоϢǿ
ˣҺͬ塣鿴ħɵúһ
ֻǺӣƽʲôַЦɫ׵ħȻ֮հаħɣ
ħһڵİħ૵һ漴˵ͷӴҲˡ
׬ˣõħ鿴ħַЦµַЩ˭ϲƺҽַ㡣
ãַ㡣˵ͷһɨˣڵߣȥս
սͫ΢΢£Щ飬սɲôȥġ
ôң鶢Ű籵ʵҲˣֵ֣ܹסҵĹսŸǿ֮أǿɱսһˣǻûɣ
ŲĿʱˣսȥһɡ
ַ¶ãɫһսʲôط
˵ɹҵսɣ˺ܶ඼ֲиţῴڤŶһɱѤ籶ַЦʱַ΢΢ͷȻȥɡ
˴׷׵ͷսҲڴѾã񻹴δǰ
ģǱݻƣղŻǵˣ˿ȴҪǱݻˮ¶֮˿ЦѣȻҲף˵ˮ¶ɹǳǿᣬȻսкܶµϾţǳֲвͬһսǶͼﴥ۾ߵõ˵֮ƮĻ
һ˵ձ㿪ʼǰˣ˿ʵѾɹıԵ֮أǿ˸Ȼ໥䶼ûˡ
һʱ䣬ַо˴ʴһɿֲϢ̧ͷַ㿴ǰ죬ֻ֮Ʈӣ·ʣҪ
ӣϢַа֪Ǻִڡ
ǰսˣ㿴ӣ˭޷ɣսֻ֮֮շΧ֮ڣٿǰȺսߣЩ߳ȥһڤһ˲˵һַɨΧȷ˸͸ǿʢϢǿơ
Ĺ֮ͬ㣬ںХţȻ֮ϵȴƽޱȣûиֻһ֮ϢѣȻǰַ㿴Զһţ·بǣ֮ӰǰУĴսڽš
ڣַ˶űԵ֮أǰľϿ֣¿ڤȪڷһ޼ʵĵ򣬲֪жٶźبڻȪ֮ϣżս֮˳ŻȪ׹ȥ̼ɥǣȪ׵û
»ȪΪӣ޷١·֮ƺΪȪһսΣֹסĿ⳯ǰǰȥ޾ĵ֮Ķţȫǿǿս
Щˮ¶һ˿˵ֻӿ˵Ȼ޾սмɱӣߵӵһȥ
ɱӣһͷǺξ󣿡Щɹ֪٣֪ɱζʲô
ǲ֪ӵһˣڤɹɹսɱȥһ·ɱȥǽʧɫʬǶѻɽҾ˵̤֮ʱᱻڤӡǣʱǿҲҪ⵽ɱ
棿ɫ΢ɹս֮ˣһɱڤһˣޱȵ
ַȴ̲סͷ΢΢£磬Ǿ½
飬Ǵｵɹģ籶Űһֻ΢΢һЦ֮Ȼ̤ɹİ취
սĶͨһ磿ַŰʵƬصм棿
Ƭ棬ĽʵֻһѣڤҲֻ˵ԳһɣսĶ棬Ǿ½Ц˵ʱַɫһ֮⣬ȻǾ½ѵ˵½Ƭص֮硣
ˮ¶֮ˡʱĿһָеһţһȺˮ¶֮ɫǿ̤˶ţƺҪǰȥһȺˮ¶֮ݱַӴʮ֮
ع䣬ʵǷǳ֮ѹָҴˮ¶֮ս籿Ϊ֮ˣʱ΢£ʵǷǳعǺڤһ磬ܹˣڤʮǵһҲǺպ
ǺǻϣƬսΣַŰ籿ڵ
߰ɡ˵ʱȺǱ˸ȥܿ죬̤ǶţǰС
𡣡˸ǰһʱЩˮ¶֮˻ͷǣֻ籵ȡˮӡǶˮ¶֮ˣһǰаɡ
ȻΪˮ¶ˣǱһɣ໥Ӧ˵ͷսΣһЩǿһЩ
ʲôöĻǱҪں档˿˵ʱЩ˶Űǣ˵ˮ¶֮ˣսûģôˣҪ˵ˡ
кκ÷ģ˭õ˭ġ˵˿˰һۣЦô˵Ȼá
ɨһۣڵ˭õ˭סͬ飬˭ǶԼ˳֣Ī顣
˷׷׵ͷǰУ̤ڶ֮ϣֻ洦ս֮ϣʱ׹£ַ㿴֮棬зǳȡ
Щ׹֮Щʲôַ㿪һ
ʲôУ֮ͨž顢۱ӡ֮Ƕڤʾ֮籶ַ˵ʹַâȻӡڡ


1883 ӽɽ
ַĿԶսһ֮УڿյżĻ¿ս䣬ЩͬǰĻһս
֮׹ڱĻǱɶˣַɻ󣬼бҲƵǡ
ɹ֮ص֮嫵Ŀռ˵бˣΪΣյսˣֱ콵֮꣬˵սȻЩĻȫǱЩǿյģҲеή
˵Ҳ΢΢ͷͬ˰Ļӡرڤ۾ǿ߶񣬱Ͼڤ۾֮Ҳһô׳֣Ȼ֣ҲսĿɹ֮صطֵĿԶս
˵棬ϵǰȥ֪ˡŲ̤ʱһˮ¶֮˷׷̤ǰУ嫵ǿ߶黯һ֧ǿľţ־սȻҪȫһЩν
սĶŷǳŹ֣ƾոֳһţˣ᲻ɴݣЩĹڶ֮ϣҲΡȻ
˿ַһ֧̤Ƭţʱ˼ӿٶǰУҲ˱ˣȻǿأڶ̤ˣǿš
ꡣȻ䣬ǰһĻ٣ʱַˮ¶֮˽ŲȻ̤磬һٶȶǺˡ
ַͬҲһĻȥȻֳһץʱһˮĻ֣һĻ֮ʱһ޴ˮ飬ֱɢȥֻһ֮ʣ漴ţʲôûС
Цһֻǵξ޴Ļ֮󣬳һöӡ͸Ų϶ӵϢЦʱ˷˷ۣһﵹո˵˵˺öǺãˬһЦ˲֪㡣
ȻֻһӰŰ˹ȥ˽Ų̤գزһץʱϹӡҪһ
˵ùˡ֪ݵ˶һֻһâһգʱһֲ֧צӡ˺ѣͬʱĽŲ̤գŶԷȥһɽŭХͬʱһѪȭɱʱХ˲ɫ԰ףŻ⣺
˵Ҫˣͬʱǰһ𹥻顣
ɱһˮ¶Ӫеˣݵ˷ˮ¶ǿͬʱʱûƬգ嵱Уңһ֧ͬʱԸǣЧжֲ֪ǵķ赲˲޷֧ţӲֱӳ¿յĻȪ׹ȥ
ÿֲַһοִģڤ̫ǿˣһ֧żλڤʾǿߣڤֶ֮óڤֱ֮ɱֲ̫ˣղʮ˹ģСŶܹðһЩǿ˼ɱǿ̫졣
֮ˮ¶ǿ߳˳ȥ͵Ľ˵ʬᵽ֣ʬоб׹䵽¿յĻȪС
ûжᵽΪƣԼ˭˭ãڲᣬҲûʲôìܣǺΥԼűͬˣ߽֮Ǻ׾ͱ
ʱҲɱ˶֣ȺһЦ֧ڤսԡ
ѪŰʵղſսŷִ˾֮
߰ɡЦǰ̤ܱ߲ǿ˸ȥء
Ҳһ֧ǿľţս޲ʤɱ˺ܶǿߡĿ⿴ǵҲ෽ﾹȻһ֧˵ȫɫ£쪣ɷˣ˲ҿ
ǺŵˣǾսʱɾټһʵ£սһɷ𿪿˵
ս֧֮Ųһ֧ѣûʲôֵġ˵ܶ˶ףս̫ΣգӵкͰһĿֲʵһ˶սһ֧š
ս嫣ɱһҪôǿֲַ㿪˵԰Ѫǿʵһɱɹһȥ
Ȼ䣬һĻ񷽵٣ˮ¶֮һڿն
Ļһ嫵Į֮գʹˮ¶֮һͣ漴ǾͿڿն͵һǽĻȫС
ôĿ˵Ȼ䣬˫ͬʱٰϣʱǰ鶼оһֲֿѹҪΪ涼ѹȥ
ڴ˿̣һϿкХ֮ȺȻ̧Ŀ⣬֮Уɽɽͬɽ㣬һǿʢµսϢ
ɽѵǵӡСжȻ買â˽Դ
ȫ򶨡һȴ֮ŭˮ¶ǿ֮ݣôս׼·˭Ҫȳ֣ȻΪΧ˵Ķ󣬿Ҫ
ɽԶȺҲ߹Ȼ֮˷ֻǶɽֻ¡һ֮ɽһض֮ϣǿʢµս·һսɽ㡣
ӡܷܿŵӡĿ˸ڣһӰӹգȻɽ˹ȥ
ձǧͬʱ٣ֱӳ¿׹ȥ̼ʹ궯Ⱥ̼ȫûٸ춯׹֮˵ʬ嶼ûȥᡣ
˭ɽ˭սŵĮ˵һʹƬռһ£һɿֲںŵȺӣ·ʱܱ
ɱһȣ·Ѿ˰㣬еͬʱˮ¶Ⱥ߹죬Ҫɨһգˮ¶Ҳһ֧ǿţԺвǱҪϰ
ַ㶸Ȼ̤գӵ̫⻷ҫΧ֮ˣȻ˲ϢĨɱ׹£пޱȡ
Ϣ̫ͼˮ¶ˣʱʢޱȣЩ·֮Ϣת
ȫ׼ַһŵȫ̫⻷Ȼ𣬳Ǳֹȥ
ַ֮㱬ȣ籵ַ֪ϴڤ̫ͼУ漴ͼźŵȺ˹ȥһɿµС

תЩ֮ˣʱһӰ䣬ޱ׳ۣԶȺ߻δӴս˵Ĳ׳ɵһľ


1884 ɽ֮
ˮ¶֮˵ľŶȻսײһʱɫ䣬ַһξ˴սλڤϾ֮ˣȻֻʱ䣬֮ҫͬ㣬ͬʱǿֲ̫֮⻷Ƭա
ɱ֮˼ַƿ֮һ˲ڤɱǿߣʱ˱ȣַֻоһϢȻ䳯ַ̼佫߻˼£ΪģƬն̫ϵת
䣡һᴩգֻһ˻ԡڤ֮Уں˫ĿģַŲ̤֮նֵС
ߡһֱ˶ϣѪȭɱѪ˺أȻֻԷһֲӰͬڤ˶һС֮УһѪɱȫ顣
ַһ˵ͼȻֲŶԷȥȴ˱Ӱֺڰ⻷Уֿڤ
ǿʢϢַ㰵һûٶԸˣ飬ȴ˵ڤɱȺ
ŰֲĴսʹòȺ䣬ˮ¶һ֮⣬սҲǼΪ£ӵ꣬һ̷ܹ﷨ͨޱȣһɱλǿߣҡ
ȻŵͬҲǳ֮£˿սͣͣˮ¶ǿ䣬һ˻ڤצֱӽӲ˺ѣٶͬһֲ
ܱߵȺҲԽԽ࣬ȻڽսȻǲֶɽֽ֮ϡ
ÿֲĴսһ˲Ѿжʮλڤǿ䡣֮˶оһľʱŵսѾַǰѾûмػ岻ɵóźˣֻһڤӰȻŲ˸磬һצƾո֣ӹ񷣬ֱӽץѺۣҪֱַ˺ѡ
Ȼֻһַİħ͵ĺһȭâڿֲħȭâƿɱǹצֱӺѿħǹȵӰ
ڰħսַģħڵѪ˵һ壬һɳѪб֮Ѫ֮ϵǿѪҲϱǿħַ֣ܹоֺؿֲ
꣡շ·˺ѵһȵצֱӻڰ֮⣬ֱץڰħϣħȭâƿյֵȻ϶ȻѺۣѪҺʹַ͵ĺˡ
⣡籿ƿգڤһƬգʹǹӰ֣ȴ˿ַͫ˸亮⣬Щ˵ʵֲһ󾳽粻ֹλڤʲãЩսǿ߲ٶλڤʵĺڣ۷˵ʹһսȻȴΪĲ༸û֮أֻһܹ֮ɱ֮С
ַŭһ޽ɱʹöԷȻһֻоһɱ٣ʱַ˫̫ͼȻ両֣תϢյУӿͼס
긡ַ֣Ӱ·һӰӣŲǰһ̤·뵽֮У̫ͼҫĿޱߣ֮ȿ¡
𣡡һƮ֮漴ǹǿֻоһɻ̫ͼ׳ֶգȻ̫ͼȴ͸֮Ҫ׽Ҫ̤ǰ֮
þ󡣡ȻһԺը죬Ȼ䱬ˣȴӺɱڿգֶȻһӣʱһڤ嶼棬ѣ֮Ȼ併٣ֱû嵱У޾⣬ϵҲҪ֮תΪ
𣡡һһڤкȼ˻棬̼ǹȵӰʵ壬ֻޣ
ַ˵ڤַɱС籴һȺ׷׻⣬ַǰǶǾӢ˴˿Ȼܿóַ֮ܽǵڤ٣
ַ˫ֲϺӡ̫ͼӿ֣Űɱʹú֮˱ᣬַͼ
˶ɽʱֻһ˳ɽ̤ȥʱȺĿȫɽ֮ϣâ¶ɱ졣
ַаһ˿̺ǿ߶ɽɽ֮ʵ죬ҶҲǱɣлᣬȻȴûͷ
Ȼֶɽɲǣ˶ˣǣһȫźˮ¶˶ֹͣɱ֮սȫ˹ȥսԭ򱾾Ϊɽ˿̼˳ᣬܲ֡
Ĺ˲佫ûͬʱһֲĹɽ֮ϣҲ֪̺ǿսɽǷеӡĴڡ
ɽǼΪι̣Ȼֲ֮ܵʱɷ죬һѺۣʱǹսӵǿңͬͷȼϣ֮ս⣬ѵĵӡɽ֮С
Ϣƺħ֮⡣ַͫ΢΢£ֻоɽ֮͸ǿս⡣
ѣһȴٶȹֻɽڿѣ˵ĿɽȻɽ֮ʯ֮ʱǵͷݺݵĲ£ޱȡ
ûеӡɽ֮УȻһǣ
վǣ·بűڰ㣬ֻڴ˿̣ȻſһսֱսϯǬһɺħϢУͬһϹŵħ
ַȻһΪ𺳣֮Ͻɽɽ֮ûбȴһӰַ𺳵ǣȻйһ֮Ե
գʮڱѩ۹̤ͨؿ飬뵽һƬ֮أʮ
ʮҵʱգᣬڣǣ첻ս壬ߡ
ʱʹˣȻմѡħ˿һ˻͸ǿħ⣬һħ
ٶѾܿ죬ſ̤λ֮˾Ѿ̤λ֮磬첻սʣ壬ټٶȿֲַаһѾܿˣȻ˱ݣʹߣִӶַоɹƺһЩΪ֪֮ˣԵδֱӽ£


1885 ʵ
ǺˣΪɽ֮УӶΪǿĿĮɽг֮ˣ»ȪӻȪ˳ɽ
Щ˴սһôǿߣɽֻ֮ǳһޣ̫ԩа룬ǵĿҲ첻ս壬ʡ׿ͬˣΪҫۣ˾Ѱ֮ˡ
첻սƽɨǺŵǿһۣû˵漴Ŀ⻷ܣƺڴԼĻ
㻰֮˼ԼĻԷӣкⱬ䣬һڤ֮УҪԷɱ
첻ս˫ȻתȻͫ׵µħɱ¾֮ɱ¾֮նһը죬ŵǿ۾ʹŲ͵󳷣ֻоһɱ¾֮־ԺŰݺء
ߣ̺ħɱ¾ŵǿͷҲ漴սһ̤Ƭշ·һɲɱ¾֮Уɱ¾С
˵ɱ¾ɳɵ˿ֲɱ¾ħйңټս壬սνˡͷݣǿߣΪ츳޵壬죬ٳɱ¾Ҫ
ߣڴɱ¾ؽɹ֮صĵ鿪˵ֻǲսѾɱǺŵǿߣħɱ¾֮ͬԷĿ»۶ɵĵɱ¾֮ƿ
ˮ¶λĺ󳷣ʱǺŵǿ߾ıսɱ
ֻ첻սûƬͣһӿһħɱ¾֮⣬͵һʱǧɱ¾ͬʱЩŵǿߡ
źˮ¶һսԪˣȻǿߣƵڤͬʱţꡣ
Ȼȴڴʱֻһɱ¾֮ɱ¾֮⻷֣֮ڡ
ˣһ̤ʹǿԷĸоͬ·ɱ¾߽ٷɵֵĴ
ֻһֲָɱ¾֮˲䴩͸ǿԺ˲Ϣһλǿ䣬Ŀġ
ʱһʬ峯¿׹ȥȪߣȺԶԶǺŵ˲ͣ䣬űѾɥʧս־ױҲǾӢ޵еĴڣоͬݽ㣬׾ٵɱ¾š
ֻɱˣҪʬ壬׹ȪȪûҲ֮šǱߣоһɱ¾
ڴԼɱ¾֮ΪɹսΪ֮ء
Ⱥ׷׿˶ԷĿģ̫ˣﶼѾĶַֻף˱ħʹţžȱҪĻԻУҪԼɱ
磬֪ǷڤˣӶв⣬ʵս˶ԣǶֻǷս˵Ƕ֪սɹΪ棬һͬſµĺƵֻɱ¾඼ǲ֪ԷԺδģܶΪڤˡ
ֻһЩ֪ˣڤ粢ؼΨһ棬ȻʲôҲҲǱߵĵ
ַһֱĿɱ¾֮ս΢вɱ¾εȻ籾ͲпᣬսȫɱǿǷǣַʱҲֻ۶Էʵа룬Լ֮֮ͨУǽȫ̷֮ϡ
߰ɡ籿˵˷׷׵ͷɱ¾𣬲֪ɱˣûҪȥײǳΣա
ʱˮ¶һǿѾֻʣ˶ʮˣν˲أַղνɹľӢǿǺ⣬Щǿλʵľ֮ʱҪʼ׷Լĵ˰ɡ
ʥݣĴѧԺɷսѧԺһзǱ˹ھʥһǿҲԼĵƾγưַ֮бһѹ˲ǰУƺɻ죬ңսѧԺ֮ʱѾǳǿˣôùȥ֪Ƿ
ַ˼ǰУĻʱ䣬ַֻʣ¶ʮλǿߣȻɶǾӢȡ˲ٺöȻ˿̵ȴɺ֮Уǰ鶼û緢֮ţƺ첻սʵ̼ˡ
֮ǿ޾ֻҪ֮Ĳ䣬ܲ׷֮һ˶ҡ־ַڰԣ˵ʹðɫ΢£Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ˬ˵ΪλʣʵӦλ֮磬תǿޱȣƺҲ˵֮ϣ츳ˣսǿ߱ɪ֮𣿡
ǿַƿأֻǿַ΢Ц˵ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ˣȻƽҶҪǧսһʵΣȻղɱ¾֮ͷ֮ʱܹܵɱ֤֮ģݣȴҳһսǷϡ
ԭˡַ΢Цŵͷɵ֮ʱս١
û֮ˣԼ츳֮ʱҪʹսһҲڴЩɳˬЦĿ⳯ǰȥֻԶȪ֮ϣһƮ֮壬Ʈ֮ΧȻȴЩ鲻ǰƷǳԥ
սȪ֮Ͼй֮塣ַɫһ漴ֻŷ徹·ƶ㣬ʱʹһĨâùĹŷ塣
ţɫһƮ֮壬սӽһЩأЩطΣաлŷ岻֪Ǻεأǰȥ
һ˼ӿٶȣɱƮ֮ȥ˽ǰǷƮŷ֮ϣһƬƮ֮ģ壬ȻȴмԾȻǰ֡
ʵ壡ַ૵ֻɫ΢䣬¶֮ɫȻʵ壬жţǵһμ
Ǻεأַһֻ𿪿ڵʵʵ֮أʵ챮˵ġ
ˣΪЩԥǰַ㿴Χ֮˵
ʵ壬ܶ˶ȥ޻أܽܳƽڣʹַɫһͣȻսأ


1886 е
飬ʵ壬ʲô֮ذɣַŰʵ
ЦҡͷˣһμƮʵ壬Ȼȴжţ̤У֮Ե֮Ϊ̣ʵнʵкȴڣҵɽС
˵գŲǰһ̤Ʈʵѵһ֣ܴ
£ĽŲ̤뵽ƮУȻʧȺߵС
ȵʵ壬ܲ롣ַ΢Ц£Ų̧ҲʵȥħҲ֮룬Ƭַ֮ͰħһʧȺ֮
̤ʵַ֮㣬ȻǰȻã翷ϣ棬ľȻȴ·˰㣬֮أȻǰյ֮ϣȴһӰϥڱĿͬʱһ߾ߺǰĲ
յءַ㿴һ߾ʬ庡ǣມǶǲģֻʣ˰ػһΣЩĺ֮ϣҲŴˣ˿˿µ·Զɢ
̤ʵ֮ˣΪҲλ֮磬λǿߣ־ǲḯģЩڴ˵أζǵĨɱֻʣ¿ݹ档ַеֻͰҲ̤˽ԣյ֮овӰ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ʵ챮ڡĿ⿴ǰĺ嫹ȵأ֮йҫ£ʹȵɢ֮⣬ǹȵأһ޴ʯͨ⻬ʵ飬ޡ
һʵ壬׳ȥѣƬƮ֮ƺ⣬ƱҪȵطͨĿǰŲ̤վһʵ챮֮ǰ
챮ӳӰӣĿƽǰ̤Ҫߵʵ
Ȼ䣬ʵ챮ӿһâ֣һ֮ϢϵȻ쳹Ƭռ䣺Եߵ챮
ɫâ漴Ų͵һ̤棬ʱһɿֲʵ챮ȥֱӻ챮֮ϣȻֻ֮䣬һɿֲ챮¡һͰԵϯ֮ղŵĹǿʢ˫
һʱһűǰĹڹű֮ϣȻղ𹥻δ̫ǿɷ֮ӰԵ
޵֮ˣԺʵʵ챮֮йϵʹַȸս֮ľѣЩ˶ɫƽɱĿ񣬷·Ѿ֪ΰ㣬ҲĽʵ챮֮ȴ뱻޵֮ˣߵʯʵ
һƷâ޵֮ˣԺʵ
һĨį֮ɫ˵սǿᣬڤһľ۷ڤ۷εȻڵδãʵ챮ǰߵʸ񶼲ӵС
һɿֲȻ۶ĿһĿ֮⣬漴ȻɱȻĹʵ챮ϵһɲǣһɸӿֲѹֱӷɳط·Ҫ˺ѿͰԵͬһװݺݵײϣʹֱӷ˳ȥƺһ³һѪ
ðԵ챮һĨɫֲķ㹥ǿҲûôԵߵ챮֮š
ħַĿ⳯Űħȥʱħһħ̣漴͵ĳַ嵱ȥַѪҲܻعַ֮УһһΪһ塣
ַŲ̤ߵʵ챮ǰ³ƽվʵ챮֮ǰ
Եߵ챮ǵϷ·بŵŹâַٶȳַ֣ӿ⻷漴о֮Уǰ΢΢һ֮ͣߵ챮
ˣ⻷û챮֮УһȻ챮֮ϣ챮֮ͬһ澵Ӱ㣬ַ֮
Ȼ䣬һ͵Ĵʵ챮ַϣʹַͫȻ£̼ңȻϢϢʼڣΪֻת֮䣬һޱߵʹָֻʢޱȵ
գΪλôʬˡַâʵ챮㣬ܸߵ챮֮û֮ĻղһɲǾѾǸˡ
âҫĿȻʵ챮һžӳַ壬ַ㣬ʹַɫ΢¡
ԽȥˡһλһֱĿ֮˻˫ʵ챮ַ˵
ַ΢΢ͷ漴Ųǰ̤ȥֱӲʵ챮֮У͸ӰȻʧ
ʵ챮ҪԵߵŷ롣ɫâһҪ
ַʵ챮֮󣬶Ȼ䣬һأǹУ涼ӰϥҲʬڵϣǰΨһխһ챮Ӧ塣
ʵ챮أַĿ̣ǰʵ챮һʵ챮ôڴˣк֮
ѵνʵ壬׳ȥѣνѲô򵥣˱
Եߵ챮ϵɣʹַͫǰʵ챮漴ٶ⻷Ȼ䳯ڶʵ챮˹ȥ
ʵ챮ûУȻâʢһ֮ⱬӰΣ޴׽ֱӴַڣַֻоԴҲȻ˹ȥ
Ѱ·ַֻһλīɫ֮￪ڣȻȴ£ַԺţƣڶַ͵۾ٿƬأֻо޳ղһɲǣ·ѾһΡ
еԺʵϵͬһ㣬ַԺ֮УʹַľȻĴĿ¶һĨ֮⣬еԺʵ
ʵʵַƺʵ֮⣬ʵ֮


1887 ǿʵ
ѣղ֮ߵʵ챮챮֮ϣعֱߵ꣬ʹЩֱĨԵ
֮֮еԺʵ
׳ȥѣ֮֮Եǳʵ챮ĻӦͬԵޱȣҪַа⣬ԽǰԵĵɷɽԽĿֲ
ַϥü֮ʣƣţʱɣӡ֤ǵ֪ϹڡϦǺꡣ
֮ƺѾϲˣҪܡַеѳɣǿᣬȻƣߵ֮Ĩȥ
Ȼַ㻹޾ħⲻҪĨɱ꣬Ҳôס
ǰʵ챮ַϥֻīɫַ֮˵ҳȥ֮ǰߵʵ챮
ַĿ⿴Էüͷһâ
漴Ŀ⿴ǰо⻷һʵ챮˹ȥ챮ãʧɫһµͬ˰Ƭգϯַ׵壬ֱꡣ
Ϣַһ֮㲻Ȼֱ֮֮ͬϣһ֮޷ַֻֿо걻ӡӡǣ漴ǰһڣȻֻ˹ȥ
ƣٶӡ漴ַٶ䡣
īɫ֮ĺһɱⱼڣֱַ㡣
ַߵ챮֮ʱƬնܵӰ죬ؼ⣬˽Իܵ
˳ַͶĮĿ⣬Ȼȴ£ַһʱ⻷ܻ̫ͼڵ֮ϣֲ֮ⶸȻ۶
䡢䡢䣡ַ˫ʱâҫĿ⻷ӿ֡
˲ʵԳɵַһʱ⻷ݺݵĺʵ챮֮ϣ˵һֲһҫգߵȺȻȫâ¶֮ʢֻϯأͬεĺ鳱ҪȺ֮С
ߵšַܵεϵϢ֮⵽Ｋ£ӡҪ֮ʱһǿҵ֮·ҪӡΪ֮ӡ
Ȼӡ̫Եֱ꣬ڹâʢ죬ַлȻӿֲֿ⣬𣬶Կ֮ӡ
Ե֮£ȫͫױ䣬֮ͷţīɫ֮˱
ɱӡһַԺ֮Уһɿɱϯա
еһһʡַվӱ䣬һ˫֮ͫУµ֮⣬ֻվ죬֮ţӿУ˫֮Уһ⻷
ߵַ³һʱһ⻷ȫʵ챮֮ϣʱȺ󾪣ַ㣬˷ӡ
͡ع⵽Ｋ££ַ㣬Ƭ֮ˣԸоһֱ꣬ӡҪ
ַͷ죬֮عȻһ֮
֮Ϊ֮ҡַ֮УƶȻӿһ޾֮⻪ְͬ㣬ַͫ׺·ڽ档
ͣһֱ֮գַ⻷תһ̣֮ȫΪ̫֮ͼʣ¡
ӸҶīɫ֮˼˿һεɱϯգȫַȻУҷ񣬷ǻУ̫֮֮Ե
ַδˣ˫֮ͫУΨ֮⡣
ƻʱΧȺȻȫ䣬˫ţȫԴһַȫʢߵʵ챮֮ϣߵš
ӡʱȺɱַ˼Уƽռʵƽ⣬˭̫ȻַȻǿߵţҲ֮ѵͲµɣȴɱ
͡˲佫ƬնûˣػɫȻȫһɹͬӡҪꡣ
ֻһλǿɫ˲仯ң⽵һȻȴȻû˰ϢΪˡ
ַ֪ǿߵţһ⣬ǻַʱɱڴ˿̻
ַԺɲǣַ۾ҪϣȻޱǿʢʹſµ֮֮Ϊ֮š
֮λΪߵַ㳤Хһ˹Ȼ굱еӡ·Ҫ֮ӡ𡢼Ϊ
ַ꾭˫֮ͫ͸ſֲִ˫۾𣬶Ȼ۳漴Ȼ䳯źɱߵţ
ˣʵ챮һ죬غ鲨ֱûգֻһӰֱӵȥҲԶı۾ǵʵ綼ַǿȻʵ챮֮£֮ӡĨ
һ̣ӿµֱַ꣬ͬһֲӡ㣬ȻʱַĿһ³
Ȼ䣬еӡȻ仯ʹַ϶һ֮ԡâҫĿ
֮ߵַжȻһ貵⻷ʵ챮ߵȥȻ䣬ʵ챮âʢ֮⽻ӳ·بˡ
֮ѳɣĵʵ챮ӿǿʢ֮⣬·»һžַ㿴ǰʵ챮Ѿߵ˴š
ַĿתƬأֻʱ֮һ߾ʬȻɻм˻ţûߵ֮ʱ
Ȼַ㲢δǵпɱ⣬ֻһ˸һƬ·Ȼ˰㡣
ߵ֮·ξΨгɵƵȻ漴ַ㣬ַ΢΢Ƿлָ̡
ַ£漴¶һĨƽЦ⣬֮٣գ񲻼ǶҶ𡣡
˵գַŲǰֱ̤̤һʵ챮ĵΪιʣ


1888 
ַŲ̤ʵ챮һأʱǰһʵ챮ȻΧѾûӰֻһˣһ챮
ߵʵ챮֮ǰַϥʱһ֮âϵٶȴʵ챮Ʈߵţ֮
ַƽȻһ֮⣬һ⻷͵ʵ챮֮УȻʵ챮ȴƽޱȣƺδ˶ʡ
ߵţ֮ϵظʹַͫ΢΢һʵȻνĵ
ַǣĿ¶˼֮ɫʵ֮Ķ֮ġ
գǸı֮ߵţˣ֮⡢񣬶ġ
֮УΪ
ַ֮ԾԺ֮УУ漴һӡȻʵ챮
ˣʵ챮Ƭչַֻоһз·һĪˣ֮֮
Ɐ֮֮ΪһУȴı֮£ⱯҲΪƽʦ֮ˣԵһƱҲʰѩ绪֮ŮӣȴδԼĹʣˡ컯Ūˡ
ҲΪŮҲΪСϵЩ޹߶ǶƽƽͨͨȻ磬˶ɼ
Ȼ޾洦޷
ǽҸԼ֮򡣡ַȻԺ֮У֮ٶȴţ⻷ӡʵ챮֮ϣйıˣиܵȣνǿϢ֮Լ
Ȼʱǹɵ֮£ַȴ·𿴵ԼĴܵԼųܵԼĿ־塣
ǿΪƿ֮Լ֮˱ʵʵǴԼС統УǿΪڸǵԼĿ־塣
ڿ־ʲô־ձر壬־ƿأ־޷Լ־ϣƿһУȻȴ޷ץסԣҪøǿ
֮𣿡ַܵһͷȻһ̾Ŀ⿴ǰʵ챮֮ʵ챮ġ
ַվŲǰ̤һţͫ飬ٶȺʵ챮֮ϣɸ֮⽵٣ַȴԼֹˮ
֮֮ţʵƵַ㶢ʯ˫֮ͫз·â챮֮ϣʹ챮ͬХ
֮ˣ˭֮ܿա֮£ûַԺ֮Уַͫ׹âʢٶνܿƣ𡣡
˵գһֲĹʵ챮֮ϣȻʱȴ챮ӳճһӰȻַӰ֮ˣֻġ
ַ̤Ƭռ䣬Ʈ⣬ַ㷢Լɽۣ֮֮粻ַ̤ʵ嵽ûлȥõʱ䣬Ȼȴоһϴ
ַߵŷϵһʯ֮ϣ漴һ漴ϥ£ʵ
֮ʵƮַܣ֮⻯һɹɿֲûַԺ֮УַڣʱƬգƱ֣֮֮š
һַ֮ȫ⻷ܻȻַƽǣȻ䣬ü֮һ֮â֮ͬ⣬ֲ
ţʱ磬ʵΧ֮ˣĿ˸Ʈɽȥһ֪֮ιʡ
ţתۼ¹ȥһգϥַ˫ͫ͸ſֲħ⣬ſµ˫֣·һܴ֮͸˵Դ˸֮
ˣ֮Уһɿֲħ۶ӷ·ڷַϣʼӿǿʢħ֮⣬ؼħĻ۶ٹ⻷ַŲһ̤ʱڿգʵ塣
ˡʵ⣬˼ַʵгʱɫ֮⣬˭˵ʵܽܳʵ壬ǿԳģʱ̤ʵ塣
ӷ֮ʲôȺϵӣĿ漴ֻһӰȻַ̤ȥ׼ѯʵ֮¡
ʵкֻһڣʱΧ֮Ŀ㶼ַ㣬ṳ̂ʵ֮ˣ֪ʲô
ʵΪʵַ㿴˲ʻĮӦ֮ӻڷʹħ޷͸١
Ĺ촫ӷ·Ҫ㣬֮ϳ澰ȺһĻɫ΢ٶʵк
ַɨһۣͫĮ֮⽻档
̤ʵαҪʡַ³ʹһ
˵գι̤գͬһʸ㳯ַȥ֮УһβγַȥͬպХҪַû
ַ͡˫֮ͫͫȻɱʱӡǴַгɱֱӴԷԺ֮Уʹɫ͵һ漴ƺɱŭХ죬ַϯȥ
ַŲһ̤˫֣ͫױȻ䱬֮䣬ֻо飬һ֮ͻأԺŰҽһͬң·Ҫ㡣
ַһ³֮ûԷԺ֮У漴ֻǿߵԴһ֮ɱʹ建¿յĻȪ׹ȥ漴Ȫû֮ء
ַͫĮɨȺ˵ʵαҪʡ
˵գϵĹħǿʢݣ֮Уӷ·𱻷ֿˣһɿµħʹַ㶼ľ֮С
λʾħ٣ֻжǿַ˫ͫ䣬ΧȺҫµħ֮ʱ׷ɢԲ֮أ·𾡽Ҫܵ
һһٽ£ݺݵĺַϣַ̼ϵȫΪޣ÷飬һԻ֮⽫֣ħַϷţȴϱַڡ
ÿֲλʾħǿ˲֪٣̤λ֮磬һħپҪƤַо漴ħٺҶ£ַƤѣѪ߰ߣ嶼һơ
Ȼħʧ֮ʱַѸ޸⻬ϴ·㣬ٹҫµĹʡ
䣡ߵħٽ٣ַֻоݺ𵴣·ҪĨ˶ֱӱſȥɫ˲԰ס
ַ塢꣬ȻӿַȻ̧ͷգĿߵħ٣꣬ͬλʾһٰ㣬ͣ⧲


1889 
ȻַȴǷ֮⣬Ǹо˷ܣٶվñֱͬһ˱ǹ㴣ǣĿգ֮Ϲħ١
ǣڰ˵٣һַٶȱ˺ѿȻϢ֮ýٲܶҡκ޷ꡣ
ǧħַ֮ͬ߰˿Ⱥ׷׶ַ㣬ĿâкεȹȻλڤ֮ħٽӶϿħٽ֮ϣֹȻΪ¡
һħյַ˫֮ͫӿֲֿ⻪
¡¡ĳ֮·ҪѹƬ죬ӱħڱΣػ谵һƬѹҪ˸оľ
ڣھŵħٽͬǧ߿Х£رɫ
𣡡ַ³һ亮ʱһµ־ֱһâգ֮ϵĽѺȥǵһеҪ޷赲
ַӿֲħٽϣֻо嶼ҪѱҲҪ
ַһĨѪ漴£֮Ϣǿʢޱȣеÿһλ
ˣַ㣬ֻʱ֮ϣħƽɢţȻղǿֲ˸е£ֿµĹ˿˱Ȼ˰ɣ뵽⣬Ⱥ˸ַĹȻܹħѣǷǳĹž顣
޹ħɻʣ˵ĹǱҵõȻǿ󡣡ʱһħʺڷ裬˫ַͫ㣬͸ſֲħ⣬ī֮У͸һḬ֮̃⣬˫ħ֮ͫУǿɱơ
ˣһӰ˸Ȼ䣬һǿַ߽ΧסĿ䣬ɱ
ħƽЩˡī˵˫֮ͫɱǿʢһͷĺڷ絶ӰһϹŵħͷ㣬ǳֲ
ɱˡһ֮вɫƵĶžī
ַһɨΧ֮ˣ˫֮ͫĮĮ˵˭Ҫȡ
ɫ˸һһʱֲڤ۶ɿֲʴַ壬Ȼַȴǣƽޱȣǹֱ֮ӱûһ̫ͼ漴ֻ˫ʱյȫ⻷
һ˽Ų̤գʱزһͷͷֲַɱ˹ȥ
ˣַŲһ̤ҫ֮¶漴͵ĺɱϺսշѹշ¡ը졣
ֻƾ𣬶ʱһ˿µĴسìЯſֲշ򲨶
ɱһȣìƿգ·͸˿ռ䣬ַɱ˹ȥ
𣡡ַһƳǰͼȥʱ̫ͼͬʱת֮ӿ֣ǳì·̫ͼ֮УջΡ
ɱͬʱַŲ̤أʹһƷҫ֮ӲĿһ󷨶ǿʢµңɫϵĳŰ
ǲɱǸûлˡַ֮ͫ͸ĮЦݣŲûƬ̵ͣϢܿ죬֮ϣһɿֲĻû·ǻû
ߡֻղһŲХ磬ǰ۰֧ìֱӳַɱȥ
ַ˫ʱ̫ͼҫĿĹ⻪͵ĳǰͰ֧ĳìһͬʱͫ׶ɱ֮ˣ֮ͫ⡣
ɱַŭһŲһ̤¿⻪˸ͻȻʧԭأֱ֮ӳŶԷԴ͸ȥЯ⡣
ַе֮󣬽ӡ޽֮Уÿһ޵ĽâǿҵӡӡУַڶħ֮ǰԴɱһˡ
˿һʱǧ곤ìɱַӡӡĽâɱ¾ţȻ˿ַֻ㽵ǰֱһӡ˳ȥӡ˶Էϡ
ַŭһ͸ɱԷҲַȭâѾ٣һµ촫ֻԷԴֱӱըѵͬʱнŰԷĨ
͡һҫĿĵȻ䳯ַɱֲķʹַоһͬʱһ֮ȻԺУʹ
նɽַɱղǿַ߱ɱһɲǣмͬʱַˣʱƬշ·𶼱ַڽӡ
ˣַü֮ţȻлĺͺˮͬʱ˳ͬһɺ㣬ʹȺͬʱһַ㽫֮ȫע˫֮ϣȻƮ˱ܿͬʱӿһɻ֮һ̣ط·£һ޿ɵֿŭ֮
ַ彵֮ϣŲ̤ʱɫĹâЩǿͬʱ֮ûء
Ⱥգֻӷŭһɿֲŭ֮ڷͷѹѹ÷Բǧ֮ص˶оֻĴҪ١
ַ㽫֮ͷŵ£һֱûͷŵķӷ޲ɫ˸նȹħ٣ľŭ֮
ʲô˵ʶ㣬ȻǸеİΪػᶯŭ
ַ̧ͷ죬ĿȻ䣬֮ϣһ۶ǻѹ֮𣬴
ɡַĮ³һ漴ŭ֮ѹȻ£ַȫܵһѣֱַſ˵ϣѪȻȴ͸һĨ֮⣬ٶվХɡ
ַǿᣬңǼλǿ߱һ֮£㳹׵ſ£ɫҰףл۵Ļ
ڶٶȺȻ̺
һ˻Ȼȴǹɻֱ֮Ĩ¡һ죬ַٶſȥǰŭϢӲĳŭ֮
ַ㳤³ƶ˰㣬Ϣ֧壬ָƣٶվĿĮɨһˣѾŭ֮£Щ˵λʾ磬ȻȴܺᲢۡ
ҲʲôܹīĿ˸͸ңԶգ֮µַ㣬ֻɱ£һвŻָƽȻַȴһſˣ֮ϣĿӿǿʢֲ
ǱҵϢڻɢЩ˲ȥַ㣬λڤʣȻȴʵЩ£īе̰֮ȴǿˣһҪõַܣ


1890 ħ
ַϥ֮ϣˣĿϢʱȷʵƣžı֮ħ֮ŭ£ֲ֮ҲҪӲĨ
ַ㾹ʹȺһʱ˸ȥīɫһ⣬漴ֻ˫ӡȻϣһīɫӡǣϢֱӳַϥǵӡ˹ȥ
ͣīɫӡֱӡַ嵱У΢ûʲôоȻַȻһ亮⣬ֲǽԼڵǵӡĨȥȴָĨӡǷ·޵ģͲڡ
ҹħӡǣõģĨīݶʹַתĿ⿴žīͫ⣬һ֮ȻɱһĽâžīȥ
īͫ͵£ţһħ֮гһħӰѿ
֮ӡīַ㣬ɫ͸ǿҵĺ⣬˵֮սҹħӡǣս㲻档
ħˡԶȺžīͫ΢΢£ħһǳǿǵıڲ֪δȻȴսһɣǿأֱפս
ħӡǹħ޳ֶΣûκεɱȴùħܹ׷ٵ˹ħսǳԵǱʵҲǳǿƿ¡
ħ壿ַͫתڿֲŲȻ̤žīȥ˫ͫٶֲӡǣͬʱӡɱ
ɱһȣ̫ͼЯֲʹþīҲȻһֲħӰ֣һħɱַӡײͬʱƺݺݵĳǰĴʱһľ޴ħӡշ񷣬¡¡ĳ죬նҪñѱ
ǿַͫһȻ϶Яֲ⣬µķȭâ֮ϣŭʱһɿֲĻ⳯Ű˷ɢַֻоֱ۶Ҫͬ˻ԭأ·δ㡣
īҲܣַһʽ֮ںӡ£ӡӰΣֱܹӽɱ겻ǿȻɱ⧲
ħӦ̤λ֮ãڵ͵ĲΣȻȻܹҵĹħӡɼжīаţиַ̰ʵȻ㾳Ҳ̫󣬽Լž飬ˡ㲻
ߡַһ漴Ų͵һ̤ȥӾīĻħ岻֪ʲôĴڣǳĿ£ǼΪˣʣôǿ壬ȻīҪǿ᲻٣Ϊλ۷壬ǿӡ޷Ը;īսûơ
ߵôīһӰ׷ַȥս֮пͳ۳ҡ
͡Ȼ䣬һֲɫǹַɱɫĳǹ֮ϺӡſֲĻ֮⣬ʹгһ磬Ҫַ㴩͸ɱ
ߡľīץסļ٣ͬʱһǿʢбڶ·ֻҪһ׷ַҪһ
ַͫױ̹ǣ˫ֲ֮ͫ⣬ɱǰ֮˴ɱ
ˣǹһɫĳǹһǰԷַ㹥ҲҪǹַࡣ
ȴ˿ַ̣嶸Ȼ΢΢ƫ£һ죬ɫĳǹֱӴַؿڣȻȴûд࣬׵öԷɫ˲䣬û뵽ַ㾹Ȼûбܿһ̣־пʼ
һѾˣ˽ٶȺεȵѸͣĳǹֱûַڣַȭͷѾԴϣ¡һ죬Դֱӱ˺ѣַ͵Ľʬ峯˦˳ȥɫĳǹɲڣȻȺַ˫֮ͫȴоһͷƤ顣
Ϣַ֮ӿֻ̤֮ʱ͵Ľǹ˦˹ȥδһۣŲϵļ̤֮УÿһĹƸ֣ʹܹƾŲƣȻ͸һңַ֮ϣעŷ֮Լշ
ߡīһƽɫǹ䣬ٶȿͼ̤գÿһ̤Ƶضɽҡ֮˽ĿͶˣ¶֮ɫȻûˣҲˡ
ùĲī֮µĹӡǣһ䣬Ȼ޷׷ϵַĽŲ
ֻʱгһöһ֮Уٶȴ˿ûֹͣ
ַɱãȻǰ¡¡ղ֮ӵаԵǿУַͫһ䣬ǰȥֻһ˺;īƣ߷ɱÿ̤һǵض
ħǿߡַȻתһλȻֻǱߣͬһӰҪΧս֮С
Ҫңұɱ㡣ַȻתɨӾīһۣӿɱ֮⣬Ȼīεǿߣַһ仰˱ܣŲһ̤ħ֡
ɱīһȣһħͷַշѹɱ˹ȥѹҪַѹ
ˣַϿնȻһħľ޴ӡɱ£ҪַշѹУħӡͬľ޴ħӡ㣬õӡ
ַ̧͵ĺһƣʱֲķ֮ݺݵѹȥ·Ҫ׹Ȫ֮УһĻʹþīͫ΢΢£ַ׹ȪҪģҪַԼž顣
Ȼȴڴʱַ͵˳¿ϣ˫ͫһ֮⣬ͬʱһץȻӿ֣īס
īɫһֻɲǣַȻգ͵Ľīһֻסݺݵһ˦ֲʹþīԼͬʸ㳯ŻȪȥ
ƣīŭһĽѣȻȴַѹ£Ȼ貵ɫ˫ݺݵĳ¿տ£쫷˻ϺսѹīҪȪ֮С
īɫ䣬ŭһ͵Ļʱһħ֮նգһй
ʯɲǣλǿҲɱַ͵˸£ֱӳԶӿֲֿɱ֮⣬ǹħȻ֮ء


1891 ħ̶
ɫӰַ֣ͬ嶼·޵Ĵڣһٶһ£Ҫħλǿ˦
īΪҪ׷ɱˣֻһħǿ߹ʵ˲̤ոֲͣޱȡ
ֲӵмĴ֮õҵȻλ۷֮пɵۡī£ʱжֲ֮⣬Ȼī˵ǼΪĴ֮ȻǴˡ
֪ͨҹħˣһáһ˵ʱȡһöѶϢ
ַ㽫˵˦ԽԽԶȻīȴһֱ׷ᣬѾַټɲ׷λйħӡַϣַѷɡ
֮ϣżĻ׹£Ȼȴȫַӵˣֻʱַǰһ嫱ݣ޾ıݺǴڻȪ֮ϣΡ׳ۡ
Ųһַ̤ǰУ̤ݵС
ʱԶľīɫϲ¶Ц⣬˾Ȼٵ˹ħϣѰ·
ħɶ٣Ҳ¶һĨɫ漴ͫо㶼⣬ѶϢ
ַ㲢֪Լ̤˺εأȻȴܹ֮ܵкһȵħоһ֮⣬嫵ı֮ϣȻħǿʢ֮ء
Ȼȴڴ˿̣һӰ𣬲ɣȻ䳯Χסַ㿴ЩӰ֮󣬶ʱͫһɫѿ֪ԼߴطˣЩˣ;īƵʡ
ħ塣ַһԣû뵽ԼײˣҲη壬ɹ֮أûе۾ǿߣǿҲ𣬺ξ֮УֻҪʾǿߣ㲻УҲһս
ˣַȻ䳯ǰ˳ȥ磬ſֲĺڰħпµĺɫȼţ޾Ļ
ߣһħǿһ˽ַʵŻǿᣬܹв
ħ֮˶ǽ޹ħ֮վħ̶ϴǿ壬ʹûħ֮Ϊһֲܹħǿ߱ƴġ
ַеĻ泯ǰ˳ȥʱԷ¶Цݣһգʱһֻħӡַɱͬһħ㣬ǿơ
䣡ַĻͶԷӡײ̼ڰħȻַͬʱɱʱԷĹħӡҲһĻʹöԷһ⣬ַ峯ǰһħӡշѹ£ַ㣬аһַܽѹ
˿˵ľǳ֮Ȼ䣬ַֻûаĲһ˫ɫͫף·ڶԷѾǸˡ
ַһֱȶʱһӡ˲ϢԷԺͬʱ޽ӡɱ磬˽ľ룬޿ɵֿɡ
͡͡ȺûзӦ㿴һ֮ǹħǿԴд˳ȥ漴ַӰӹֻһƽԴñѵʹЩħǿɫݺݵĲ£ǸղŶڹսǿһλǿַ̽ʵ㹻ܹԸһ˶Ը㲻ܣҲڱɱȻȴû뵽һɲǵĶս֮УַĻɱǹħǿߡ
Ȼǹħǿַ߲֪Ҳ˵ԩַѳ֮ĳΣеһĿⶼӡ޽ںϹǼڶԷ⧲֮£ַһɱ岻ûתŹħıݵг˹ȥ
ħݵһħ̶ħ̶֮еˮڣпֲħ·ħ̶ħ۶ɡ
ʱλħǿ߽ħ̶֮Уӿħħħ̶еĿֲħ˳ǵϵӿ뵽ǵ֮Уǵʹǵ嶼žĹ죬Χ̶ˮ·ͬ˰㣬ϵĹš
áԶħǿ߼ֱַӳħ̶ȥɵɫ䣬һСġ
һȾħȺһڰħ֮ͬʱַǸδ뵽ս˸Ҵǹħĵؽ磬һħ̶г˹ȥֱ졣
Ƕû뵽λڱĿ˾͸û뵽ˣǸܵϿմݶĿѹûʶʲôһֱڰţħǿն֮ʱͻͷǿϢûʲôֵģȻ˿ִ̣⣬ȴ
֮͡ӡ׵Ĵһ˵ԺУŰַȭâֱӳһ֮˺ɱȥٶȺε֮죬֮ʱʶԼԼѱ͵ϮʱѾ¡һ촫Դֱӱѣ걼ǿƵֱӺ
λԼǿ߾ô׵ı˺ɱַޱ飬ͫ͸ǿʢ֮⣬Ȼ̤ħ̷֮Уӿһǿʢµʱħĳ嵱ӿȥ
ħ̶еħ죬ܹĴַͫһĨɫ漴һʱħ̶ַֻϸǧħ֮趯أֲħ̼ɢ˳ħ̶Ȼ佫ħ̶УȻ䣬һǿʢ˼µħӵ񷡣
ڽħ̶еħħǿ߸ϵħ̶ž죬һٹҫʱȫһĿַ⳯ȥ͸ſֲħ
һ֮ϽַϣȻȴַǳ㣬ħ̶֮Уǿֲħڱǿ
Ȼ䣬ַֻһ裬ʱħ̶
ɱַһָգʱħ̶ڣħգַָ֮ɱȥһֲᴩ˹Ž񣬺Ȼһϣʹ嶼ըѿ˻ģѪ⣬Щ


1892 ħܻ֮
ǿĹʹùħǿ߾㶼ɫһɫѿħ̶ſֲħٹ⣬ַ˫֮ͫǸоһĲʶīǽɱ֮ˣ俴ֻλʵľ磬ʵܿ¡
նī˹ַ̤ħ̶֮вɵɫһŭһĽ
Щɫѿַ֪ܹ˲ɱһλǿߣռܹǹħǿĹħ̶ħ̶ŵǿȡǹħȱսսĹħǿãڽħ̶ǹħž޴Ȼ˿ַ̾ռݣʹħ̶ǽٹ⡣
һǿڣзǳĴīڣʱеĹħǿɢȴ¿յַֻ֣ҪǹȻܽȫе¿յַȥ
ˣַ˫𣬶ʱħ̶֮Уħ۳ɽٹ⣬ĳ˫ӿޱ貵Ĺַ̺µѹѹһһ֪жôֲĻ
ˡīŭһħ̶еħȫַ۵УɵðޣǵԸԼ
͡͡ҫĿĹħ̶гϵħûأַ˫ŵħתţħûĹû֪˶ôµʹϿչħ˶һĲ
ɱīײܵˣŭһһħӡ¿պɱ£ڸ񷣬ħͬʱ˹ַշѹȥЩȫַϣַɡ
ȥַл۵ټ֮ɳЮһ֮磬֮ʱһֲӡײ̼䣬޾Ľٹ⳹׵ıˣֻܷ·ҪƬȫݻٵ
𣡡ֵַĹҲ˳ȥټһ֮ϲ֪˶ٵٹ⣬ֱַӳ뵽ħ̶֮ףӿֲֿϢ֮ͬʱ¶˼ס
磬ħٹ⽫Ƭضûˣַ㱾ͷټȻ˿ֲȻħ̶еĴħԵãȫԹתΪħټ֮УĹֲ̫ˣħǿһĶߣȻٹ׷ǣ˺һƬѪ⣬һ˶ܲʱӲĻˣħ̶Ҳ˷ĳƬħ̶һħ⡣
һɢ֮ʱħǿɫ࣬ѿޱȣֻʱħ̶֮УַԴһ̽˳˫ٶȻۿֲټ֮ʹùħһеľ
ɻûУīĿȺһħսǿ֮ˣλ۷徳磬Ѿ֮Ե
ûУҪɱȥһߣ;Сйħǿ߻Ӧ˵ʹþīĿ˸£Ǽһﾹɱȥսһ棬ˣԾƿصĵҪɱ̫ˣǿҲӦܹȫˡ
ħٻħɱī˵ʱȺɫ΢ħɱһڤǿߣȻҪǹħôǿħʵЩ˺գȻַħ̶۵Ĺ̫£ħ˭ǰȥɱ
áħ˷׷׵ͷ漴ʮ˵Ӱ׷˸ٵħʮ˷λ֮ϣƬ֮ʮ˵ħһɿֲħƹ۶ƬҪУڲݡ
ַ̧ͷȥħǿ߾Ҳÿ
ֻ֮ϣħû񷣬ƳһֲͼƣһبŵħӰʮ˷λħ߻ۡ
ħӰַɫ΢ЩͼƷ·ճһħӰƺΪĿ¡
Ȼ䣬ֻһħӰ۶͵Ĵ̤֮Ŀַ⳯һǵħ⡣
ˣһħӰŲֱ̤ħ̶еַƵħֱѹ£ħ֮ǿޱߡ
ַһӣʱ۵ĽٹħӰ¡һѣħӰըѣȻֻϿգһħӰ۶ٶ̤ħӰֳִ󵶣͸ſ֮ϣͬʱ⼸ħӰҲ·ʱܴյħͼ̤
ʲôַĿĮȵ
ҹħǿеħܻ޾ħʳֶԸ㣬ֱ㾫ƣߣڴӦԼü
īƮʹַͫ΢΢һħ£ڶˣվħǧħһսһоħһĶǧħٻʮħͬʮħͷ
ħ棬ĪҲõħ²ɡ
ϧҾƫ޷ӳ֮һĶܹ־ħַаħνǿᣬֱܹӽ˿ƣħΪħӰ˵񣬹˵־
վħһѩ¹޷԰Σ·Ҫݽȥһͷ͸£ʶЩħܱء
Ǵħܻܹ޾ٻǿĹħҪħ̶ĴձɱīȻҲԸħ̶ȫõ˻Ȱ־ܡ
᲻ܿ󡣡ַ˵漴Ųݺһ̤ħ̶ʱһɿֲĽٹҪħ̶̶ˮϿ߹׳ޱȡ
ַ峯£ħ̶֮ףߵħ̶֮ˮֲ˳ϵĳߣַֻ˫͵ĳħ̶֮ӡ£ʱһ̫ͼӿ֡
ˡˡˣַĽŲ̤ʹʹƬطħ̶գΪ֮ء
֮ʱַɸٹ⣬գЩɱٻħĨ
ڣַڵص׿һ֮ûأȻַ㲢δֹͣԼĶֿһɿռʹЩصӣҫĿޱȡ
һУַϥʼħ̶֮ˮʵ֮У嶼ᵽ棬ʧ˹ħǿߵ֮УȻǻ֣ᷢٻħһ뵽ħ̶У㲻ٳ֣Ҳħ̶öֱɱȥȻɹַĴ֮С
ħǿ߼ˣȻַȴǺܰĽħ̶ĴͬʱµĹֶΣϵ̫ˣͨʥܻܻǿĹֶΡ
þ֮þҲΪ֮ǽУħٲþӵĿֲ
У֮еŽٽΪβٸ֮ٶȣȻֲ


1893 
޾սмһȻϣ·һõǵֱӲսм䣬Ȼǵȴ޵ģ谭֮˴д͸Ȼ͸ǵ֮ˣػᱻһӡǣü֮޷Ĩȥ
ʱɴӹħһ·Ŀǵ֮أǰյģûʲôӰ˻̤ǵ֮أΪ̫Σգһ֣ܵǵһͷǿߵɱ
ڤ˶սһ˵ѾΪΣգЩǿֻҪСһЩܹģȻҪսȴǼѣΪսһ棬ǿߣң
ʱɵжȻһɫħ漴ĽŲȻһֱ̤Ӵ͸޵ǵü֮һӡǣӰǰȥҪɱսһˣжѡ
ԶһȻ漴ֻһӰƿɱٶͬһѸ͡
һ˫һֲĹâȻʹöԷһžɼ̤յӰɫľȻֻͬһħһɱɫޱȣХһ޾Ľɫ̫ƿɱȻħ֮ȫȻ鸲
ƣԷ̤˫ȭͺ޾ķɫ⻪ҫ۵Ĺ⻪ħӡ˺ѿȻȴڴʱȴֻӰֱ̤һֻħֳץɵ·𶼱üΪӴ¡
ǿ˻žɵĴֺɱȥȻȴͫ䵽˼£ֱӽסˣͬһֻϰ㡣
𡣡һ³ǽǿֱĿ⺮սһͷһΪ½Ľ棬ҵҪʵΣԹħ֮޳ħ֮壬δ֣һ֮˭档
˵廯һ⣬һ·ʱʮС
ȻʱɵͣĿһĶǰʱվһ֮ϣڵħΡ֮ɽȻʱΡ֮ɽҪ֮УĿԶ΢΢
սɵԺгһǰһ֧һ޼ʵľų߹֧ŷ·Ƭ·˲֪ǧֻǹɷ˸оҪѹ̫ˣҪѹ޷Ϣ
սڤ֮ˣβˡɵԺгһ˿̵Ȼת·񱼶ȥԼʵΪţɱһ׾٣һ֧ģľҲܿһսȻĸͨľţţҪһֵ֮սսʷϳֲֹֿÿһζͿ֪̿жǿ䡣
俴ľӰĿƽޱȣҲû׷Ǵ˴η֮սҪɱһҪս
սһͷڤˣڤԳһ磬˵Ҫͨڤ磬Ҫҵľأھ֮ףڤڣǾ֪˼٣ǣȱ˵ܹɹ֮һ·ɱȥܹǰǴ˵еڤġ
ڤ֮˼óɱǿᣬֲǰ漸εսڤģһεսȴɾ½½˴ιֳ֧ţÿһ֧Žһ½ѧԺ죬ÿһѧԺһ֧ŽйҲζÿһƬ½ַΪ˺üţ½һ֧ŵĿֲ
սѧԺľţ죬⣬սѧԺз֮ϵǿߣΪ֧ŵĺټϻ۶һֲ֧ĴƺƵսһ˿һսؽضɱħħ
䣬ɱɹ֮صһľͷȥΣʱڼԣһĮ˵Ŀǽɫ·Ҫն͸
˴Ǿ½ľͷ֮ãΪ֮ľײ˴Ǿšһһαǵˣ˴ɱĿģΪԼʵƽ˵һƺƵľѾ̤սǵ֮أʱ֧ŵǿü֮ȫһĿӡǣҪڶҲζߣս
ڤǿǵԵ֮أߵһĻɫ΢΢Ӳ£漴ɫ˲ɷף͵˸뿪ҪӶݡ
ɱһȣʽĻ
ɱһŭ֮ͬһҵֲɱ֮ϯʹֱ³һѪɫҰףѹƣ˾
Ȼ併٣ɫ˲԰ֽţֱûˡ
Զ̧ͷ죬ͷҲţ·þ޷ղһףɱֹʹǶоһľϢܿ죬Ǹоǹ˸е־ϢȽԶȥƴ͸գ漴ǵ඼ڲս֮սҪˡ
һɿֲ粨ӣսڤ֮˲ˣɢսһˣսҲ˲ţҪȥһۣȻȥ֮ȴҲ޷
½ľѹصƷĽڤ֮ѹ˱ܣЩɢǿ߼ʵ죬ҲĿֲţ֪־ŵжôĿ¡
Ҳǿ߿ʼڤˣ齨ڤţ׼ľš
ȻһУħַ㲢֪ʱɴڹħУֲ£ħҲַ޿κΣħ̶ռš
һգͻȻˣʱħǿ߳˹ħ󣬷׷ǰ
ô£ɼħǿ߾Ȼ˹ħ󣬲ɵɫ΢
īָħ̶еַ㣬ǿĴȻֶι죬ܹħ̶Ŀֲ޷κεֻѹȣȴҲǼǿ
Ŀһַȥ漴ֻŲȻһ̤̼ħ̶Ͽգ˫ħֱͫӴ͸¡
ַ˫ħ̶һ˫֮ͫ;ɵͫײһĮ˼¡
ˣֻɽŲһֱ̤ӳħ̶еַ̤ȥ̼䣬·𶼱Ӵ˼֣ͬһֲħ
ɱŭһ͵һģֲӡɱ£ֲ̺ѹ
ħٹַۣ˫͵ͳµĽ֮еӡײһȻǿµӡͬľ֮ư㣬޷
ߣ޹ħɾħ֮壬֮ħǿĮ˴ζҪúĥַ㣡


1894 
ַɫһֻоշѹµӡ̺һƵʹħӡ
ǿµģǵ۾ǿߣ඼ûԼĵַ֮ĳΣܹƾ֮޽Ĩɱλʵ꣬ӡ֮ǿɼһߣ޵ҪɱսЩλʾӢǿߣ̫ѣֻ֮
˿̣֮Уͬһħ̤µӰƺҲԼĵһƹ̺֮˵
ַеһɱͬʱϿֲĽٹⶸȻ仯ٽƿɱƬնȻȫݺĽֱ
͡ħӡٽɫһû뵽ʵܹӵеĹֻһŭХʱһبŵħ¿շѹ£ʹַ궯
깥ַĿһĹȻͬʵ㣬ҺУɼԷȻҲе
һֱգȻȴħʹַ˶ԷĵΪܹøֹħ壬ͷǿ˲֪ٱֵǡԷħֶӳġ
Ȼ䣬֮ӿֽ͵ĴһħͷԴУ̼޽ŰһħͷűɢһŲ¿ռ̤£ַֻоһֱֲĴͬԶŵľӡ㣬ѹշ֮죬ֲˡ
ַŲһ̤棬ʱţħ۶ɵֱ֮ʣĺǾ޽֮ϣħ̶֮ˮըѿȻǾ޴Ľӡ·֮壬޷ʹ֮ը
ַип˵ûͬǿߣһΣֻǵĳζѣ֮ɱλǿߣȻɱʵֲԵħ۶ɵ֮޷Էľ޽Ż
ʱħ̶еĿֲħĳַϻ۶ױȵĽٹٶȻ۳ɹ⻷һ֮ա
ȥټ֮ɱħ̶еħĳǹ۶ȥһҫĿ֮ħ̶֮ԼϿգ¡һ촫޽ڱâɣ漴ǿֲĽӡʧ
ħ֮¶һĨ֮ɫ˾Ȼܹħ̶еħĽȻصĹž顣
ʵȻңҪѶϲˡ³һַ䣬ɱɵʵȻǿᣬȻ罫סӦҲƲģǣΪħǿߣַ޷ȷԷûе۱Ҳ֪ܷܵסԵ۱
ΪԼ޼᲻ݵģʦʵС磬ʺʶܺƣȻιޱȣǹǿһ̶ȣһҲܺ
԰ɡַ˵漴ֻӴ¿ռ̤ȻַնһޱȵĿѹǿʢ£ħ̶֮ˮͬ㳯Թȥ׵Ķŵϼ̤ȥҪַ޷ħ̶ħ
ˣٶȼ̤գħ̶֮׳һƣħ̶֮ˮҪôˣҪôԶַ㳯Ŵƹȥףһ翪սħȻ޷ģħ̶ֱӻ˱Ҳˡ
¡һ죬ֻɳ¿ռ̤һֻޱȾ޴ĽӡַϿյĹâڱסˡ
ַһâ¿յһ·Ľ֯ͬʱֲĹҡϣҪһУͬʱַӰȻʧԭأֻ嶼һӰӣ·Ҫ֮У漴һλ͵ĳžɵ˹ȥ
ռŲɫһֻǵӰӲ˸Ȼ䣬ַӰһΪΪ޷жϵһ
𣡡ŭХһһɿֲѹ·ҪѹƬ񷣬̼һѵ
ȻʱֻһӰٶ˼£¶貵Ĺҫһһӡ·һ̤¶۳ʥơ
ɱַ˫ͫ׳ſµ־ĳŶԷгɱҲĵͬʱ޽ХȫžɵԴշѹɱȥ
һ̣ǿ궼־һʹɵ÷ĺһ̼Ƭնǿµ֮ħѹƬأͬʱ˫ͬʱХ̩ͬɽѹ㳯ַɱȥ
ɱɱɱַ㽫޽߶£ӡл͸Ų־Ҫþɸۡ
ֲӡַ˹ϺսХɱַӿ콣ХԼ˫ף¡¡ĿһУַϣʹַ屬ˣ·ĹҪѣȻϢĻָƣΪŸƴħܲɸۡ
ʱľɷǳܣԺвУпµӡǿޱȣɾ˹ħ֮ͬħ£ַĹҪԵǸӡ
ˣַ÷λŹħ˹ȥǰħǿ߿ַɫһӲǽɱˣַƴþɶܴˡ
ַһȣ֮ͬȻħǿ߾Ȼÿһ·ַӰХȥһĻʹùħǿɫ࣬漴ֻһһȺ
Į̼ŹħǿߣǸоһ֮⣬ַħһϣ漴ͷһӡǣ̼죬Ӱվڶδ
Ƭ֮мӰַַ֮׷ˮˮ¶֮ˣ
ַ΢΢ͷͬȡˮˮ¶˱鲼ɹսַֻһԣ
ڴʱǰһӰֱȡˮȻɫȴÿ
ôˣ˶Ŵʵ
һɱˣɹսڸ˿ɵҪôҪôӣǴ̫ӴǵٶȣѾɱ˻ڣʱʹüͫȫһɹս
ɹսַɫһ
սһˣһ棬һ棬Ŀһֲ֧ľɨǧ֮ɱ˸裬ڱҪսҪԷռݡ
½ɱˣַɫһΪ𺳣û뵽Ⱦơ


1895 ռ
֮أʥݣսѧԺ
ֵѾӰ˻ľĹȴһ֮˾Ŵɹ챤̨̨ھŴɹ챤̩ɽܹλʦֵԼʦǵ֪ܺܿҵ̨̨֪ͨǵϢ
ʱսѧԺ̨ܸӰսһһŮӷǳᣬĿɾʱ΢΢ϢţŮӵ㣬ܹ֮Ҹ޷սңֻǹƣܽѹġ
ҪʹУҪǧƲУΧΪƿصĸо·УˡЦ˵СʦǽҺúõأɱ㡣
ôᣬôС᲻֪ôԱߵҶѩ΢Ц˵ҶѩһۣЦŵСӣ´Ҫô󺦳Ǽһ̨̽ҲС
ҪСɫ˲
СӣôҺ󺦳ʦ㲻а̨˹ʱҶһЦȴȿ޻ѿ̨ߵҶߣҶļ򣬶ʱҶ¶Цɫֻоһɿֲշѹţ̨ÿνŰ
ʦأ̨Ŀ⿴Цʵ
ǼһմǳȥֿʼչˣֱǸաƲƲʹ̨һЦַǼһأʦֱҪе̨صأѵûЩ˵𣬼ǳţҪսһҺ޲ýǶˡ
°ɣǳŵǲΪ⣬ձȽѶԸļҲ̤ţ̨ʵǳܹ׺ɨˣţڻ޷ҡһʱ䣬㹻ˡЩ˵
ΪǶǼһԴͻλ֮һֱĽڲǰǱذս̨ϣսذǿߣ˵̤λ˼֮ȥ˹ʥ弧ұұչصڲŻʵн֪жǿˣʦȥҲи׼
̨˵΢΢ͷ̨Ļ֪ԷʵҲöԼһи
ǵֱսذɼ˴αչرȻдջ񣬷Ȼ˲񣬵ذǿߣѾλʾٮٮˡ
ִʱڳ˼ֻصһӣʱֵֻ֣Ŀ⿴ֻط૵ҵֻδܻ
˼Ƭ޷͸ֵĽŲ߳ңôʱ̨ǰҵ֪սذϢֿʼټ̨֮ˣǰսǿսȻǵˣܹͬġ
ʱǱذս̨Ӱ嫣Χڴˣվս̨֮ϣȻͬһλ߰㣬͸Ųһ֮ţȺףձַܵļǻˣ˵Ĳһ죬ֱսǱذǿߣʵ¡
ᰵˣǱذϯλʵ£վλʵĶˣӡӡӣ֮꣬ӵµǰ֮˶Ըʹײ⼧䲻֪˴αչʲôͻƣȻսᰡ
ȺֻһӰ̤̤ս̨֮ϣڿգӣǣΪ֮ܣȻǱս̨֮ϣҾ㡣
¶һĨЦֻڿգɨգͼڸ֣ҫ죬һͼڣſֲ֮Уʹӵпֲ֮
ְɣܳһ֮ҰܡʹɫĮհܾ֮񾹻˲񡣡
ᰵĻ˲һĨֲɱ⣬˳һ󣬶ʱ֮ҫĿޱȣŭһͬХȻһշѹն͸ſֲ֮·շһŵ
һξ֮УŲһ̤һεĺ֮˳ȺĤͬʱĺӡɱҪͼǵ쳵ײ
𡣡һ³ʱ¡¡ը֮ϣֻ᰺һӡı·һεܣȫѡ
ɫȻһ䣬ôҪȼǿʢΪλ˱
ֻ˫ӡʱһӹ˳زȺֻо궼ҪȻ˫ͫĮŭһХ죬¡¡ı޾಻ܱ֮ѣת˲ʧΡ
ˣһȻ併Ժ֮Уʹƺһɫ԰ף·궼Ҫ漴¡һ죬֮ϣʹ˱ˣһѪ漴ݺݵ׹˵ϣɫ԰ףܵóס
ȺعһĻһĿͣз˿ֲĲΣǿˣǱذǿᰣһ˲Ϣܡ
еСһվйâ˸żǡ
Ⱥͫ΢΢£ֻоЩ˼飬֮Ǵ۾ǿ߲лӴ𣬳λܹ֮ʼǲſλ֮磬Ҳδ̫£츳ҪԽֳ
ֻеļǳƮȻͬߣĿ⿴ŵϵᰣ˵֮һ˭ްܣϴΰܼҼ֮裬սַ㣬ؽ׽շѹ
ԲѡȺ֮һʱĿ׷׳Ǳȥ漴㿴̨Ӱɵɫ΢̨ˣ֡նڣϴαǻǳţƺǿˡ
̨ĻŲȻһ̨̤Ͽ֮أĿ⸩£Į˵ַڣɺսһ
ܾ֮ս̨ĿⶢеļǣǰҲţһξˣֱ޳ܡ
ɫ̨Ȼ䱬һХ죬ֱ̨ȥһֻ̨̣оԼҪѿƺһɫ԰ף·ҡҡ׹
Хֹסӿ¿գȲսкοԣȵԼ֮գ̨ҽڣҶ֮
㡭󺦳ȻȴֽסĿƽĿеļǣ˵ҷսžԵ֮أУɵһ̨ƶѣֻڽ֮ѡ
˵գֻ˻֣ߡ
ɫһɫ࣬·˴ʹ㣬ȷδɵֻǼǿԵ֮ӡܣȻȴٳ޷õ֮յĳڵ֮Уܹʹǿı
ǣЩ˼ƽϣս֮գǻ֮ʱʱٱ֮ޣһɨŵǿ߷׷̤ڼߣ˵
΢΢ͷĿⲻӦֻ̨֮ϣֳѾ̤ɹ֮ҪŬ׷ѰֳĽŲ˻Զֳĸӻ뵽ǣ֮ܣ


1896 ħ
֮Ժɨ֮ɱһ·ʬۣսڤǿ߿ʼֻĳߣܼţ赲˶Էɨ֮ƣ䡣
ַͬˣͬʱϷźţˮ¶ǿ߻ۣΪַйħӡǵĴڣħǿߵַ뿪ħ֮ɲϷȻַ˽۳СģľţǲſʼԶȥ
ǣַĿӹħǿߣͫ⣬Щħǿһֱ׷ɱţһ֮ȱ֮¡
ǹħǿߣг𣿡ˮ¶֮˶ַʵ
ħ̫ұҪɱǡַĮ˵ˮ¶ǿ߷׷¶һĨɫħǿʵҪɱǲ̫ס
ټˮ¶ؾţħ𡣡ַͫ׵͸һĨǿҵ֮⣬ʹЩˮ¶ǿ߿۾оĲ
ڤһ֮սϢʼӣûٻɣ׷۳ɾٶһУҲսȻˣھδɴģ֮ǰǻܿսģľ֮սһܾ·һ
ɣ׷ǣīȻַһֱţɵɫһû뵽ַ㾹Ϊ
ǰɣաɫĮַһսĸоַսķ˺Σգһᣬƴ⣬ˣɵǲ̫ںʵλڤʣҲ׻շѹ
ˮ¶ڷźţʱǻ۵ˮ¶֮Ѿʮˣѳɹģַһâڵ⣬һսλصܵʴֻҪȫйԷ˲Ϣ
˵գַӿϢ֮⣬֣ʹȺͫ΢΢£⣬ַΪֻλڤ֮⡣
ַ㣬Щħʵǿᣬȷа𣿡һ˶ַʵ
ַ֮Ųһ̤ʱˮ¶ǿ߶Ȼӿٶȣǰħǿ߹׷ȥ
׷ˡħһĮ˵һֲɱ⣬˵ȻͬһµĹħս
˵գħǿ߻ȻתֱХˮ¶ǿߣֻһʱһֲĹħӡЯ᲻ɴݵѹˮ¶ǿߺɱȥ
ڤҡַվȺ룬⻷Źʣˮ¶ǿ߷׷׻ۿµڤ⻷֮УȻ⻷ţƬȫһɿµڰ֮·Ҫض
Щǿߵڤ֮ʱͬʱһͨŶɱȥʱħƱһֱ̤ɱ
ɱ֮Ȼɱַͫз·ֱ˹Ժͬʱ˫һȻǿֲ⻷ȫµһٽȻ۶ŭХɱ磬ſµӡ
СġħǿߴһЩٽӡǳ¡
ˣɱַ㱬һʱˮ¶ǿ߻⣬ֱֲӹᴩЩ˵ڣַŭһ˫µ˼£֮ͫİ˵֮ɫҰף漴ٽ͸Դ峯¿䣬
ɱŭһȱȻԷ˶࣬ͨͬʱַƿ֮Զв̫󣬶ǹħǿôֱַܹӽ֮ɢת
ħǿߵȻҲʶһ㣬׷׳ǰʱһȵͬɽХ㣬䱻ɱˣɻʣ½ʮλħǿߣƵѹĿֲ
˱ս˭ǰ˭ϡַһԷ幥ǵ干ͬˣ뻮һͬʱڤٶϯǰĺüˣַ⣬ٽϮɱʱЩħĳǰǿһ䣬¿׹ȥ
⻷Ƭضַ֣ˮ¶ǿȫԡ⻷֮УҪԸǣûκοܡ
ɿһħǿ䣬ɫ԰ףַ㱾ƿ֮ȻԼޣҲ޵ĺܣǻʮλǿߣǵһ𹥻˭˭
ɿƣȻַЦ룬ɱɱ߱ô
͡͡ХȻ⻷µ֮ȫ۳һֲٽ֮ڽٽ֮ϣַλ˭ó֮Լռ䷨ҡ
ʱˮ¶ǿУó֮Լռ䷨֮ˣԷ֮һ֮ϣʱ쫷˻ʹùħǿ߷ߡ
ַһȣʱһŽɱ˳ȥͬһ쵽ԸϣԾ
͡͡һǿߵԴڹŽѿħǿħǿԵͬ޴ħ㣬Ȼ־ŵսȴԶû鶯ԣǸóǿҵĴսܷǿ
ϵ׷ɱˮ¶ǿ׷׳Щʬס漴һ·ʼ׷ˣ׷һɱһڶڤͬʱ֮£ħǿ߸޷ˣɡ
һ·ɱ֮£ַûаĴ㣬׷ɱֻʣ˾һˡ
ɻͷһַۣ˫Įµ֮ͫХһֻобޱȣħǿߣȻΪһ˶һεȫսӴ˹ħҪٴս㶼ˣңַڸŹˮ¶ǿ߼ɱ
ҲҪᡣɻȻתٶȿ磬ַϮɱȥ
ַȵ޽Яӡٶɱ˳ȥͬʱʮȫ뵽˾ڣ̼ңȻɳַݺݵĺɱһ
ɱַİԷ֮˿ûк֮⣬̫ͼֱӡͬʱһס
䣡ַ屻÷ˣȻԴпֲԼŰձѶħ壬ȫĨɱ
ȡַָؿڣ³һѪֻоʹޱȣȻ˫ɼĮһͬһ㣬ɵʬҲûһսȡʤַӹΰħ壡


1897 ս
սˮ¶ǿ߶ԣսǻԻ͵ģŶһ䣬ȴ˺պĹħ壬ʱǵĿⶼַϣ΢вַ˼ٵ⣬ַսãַܹý֮Ϊ֮
ȻǶԸȴһ뽵ټַĨȥԷ֮ӡܹ׵ɱԷһսȻ˶õ˺ôҲв˶ջ
Ǹóڤ֮˻ˣָˮ¶ܹһֲ֧Ĵսһ˵ǿߣҪ֡ʱֻһɫ£˵Էڣ֮ս޿ˣ˱ܲ齨ɾսҪɨΪ˵ɹ¶ҪԷǧ֮ɨ
ִټԳɾֻһ˱ܣͬʱڤǿӦ
ߡ
˸սıԵˣͬԤϵİ㣬ڤľѾھ£·;пʼûɢҵĶ飬ʶ齨׼֡
սǲЯֵֿȫĽ֣ս֮սԴ˽٣ûѡ
ʱȺѾڶоЩ˵ڤ緢ַ֮սһУȴսĶ棬ڡ
ַ˻۵һ֧齨ɵľ֮УƺƵǿ޾ֻվ֮ϣԿֲѹС
ŵǰһӰնĿˣ˵֮սشҶţǻ֣Ǽüûӡ֮ˣǱؽȫɨ˭⣬Ψһս
ʮתᣬѾõ֮ת֮ڤڤʾ۷ǿ֮һǳ£˴վ֧ţҲܽѹȥû䡣ַԵˮ¶ǿ߻˵΢΢ͷ־£ûպյվ޷Щѱڤǿߡ
λв˶֪սһ棬Щ˺ܿһ磬óڤǼٵģģսӵڤռƣһڤ빥ܹǵӰܴɱһ֧ģСŶӣˣȵս֮ʱҵͷ漴һˣڤƷӵ󡣡
˹ʹ˶ܹսЩҪܷǿЧ
ᣬпʣҵȱڴ˵غսǵҾŲ̫ҵʱȺ֮дһǲ֮¡
λɷģǲóٶȵǿǰȥǰ̽飬ϢʱѶҡش˵ʱ˲ŷߣ˿ڤ磬齨Ƶľ׼ֿɶԷ¾׸
ҵսͻȻȻ֮УȴʹƬսһɱ֮⣬Щ¡
ˣһڵľǰһӰʹնһ磬֮һ֧Ϻҷ൱˵ѾԶƲñᵽ
ɫ£漴Ŀ⿴ˣλ¾Ų㣬һſ˶ء
Ļ£ʱȺ׷˸ʼһ̿ƵȺһޱȾ޴ǽ׳ۣεɱ֮˵ϣϢ
סҵĻһι֮ȫ󳷣ͣϮɱܹڶʱԷһɿɹ۵ȵԷ׷ٿʼս÷ֻΪһɹСĹģԵơ
Ὺ˵˷׷׵ͷʾףڴʱԶգһɿֲѹҪû񷣬εķ籩ڿ͵Ļۣ˶ܵһεľ޴ѹ
ַҲȺ֮УֻʱһĨɫһսûеô򵥡
֮ˣνĽ沢ûʲô֮Уܹ֮һԵУΪأַҲһĻڤ֮սθɣֻΪ֮սв˵Էɱ¾
һŻȻ𣬳Ⱥ֮УХ죬漴ڤ֮ͫȻ£ֻԶ趯ſֲޱȿ͵Ļ泯ɶƬض·ȼȫĻ档
ɫһ漴ĵڤ֮赲ʴ
£ʱóڤ֮˺һʱغƶҪ⣬ǰȥ첻ϣնڶᡣ
ͺڤײ㣬ؼһɼĿŰһ̣һֲľ޴д͸һУնɱȻҲйģսȷˡ
Լ֮һ̼һԼɫĶƳǰƬնضɱ˫ԷӰ޷ȫڵס
𣡡Ȼһȹֲֻľ޶ܶı
ɫһ䣬ֻ˫ֻӳ޴ӡţһޱȿµתֹӡն棬ķ
һɿֲıƬշ·ڱⶸȻֻһֲĹӶĺɱ˹գƬնûܼĹ˸еһɿµϢ֮ѹ
ڤͷšһʱȺϯȻ·޷͸ЩеĹ㣬ûصĹȺĶǻŵģһ󵨲
ˡַ³һˮ¶ǿɫһȻǺĬַ㣬ʼ󳷱ˡ
ɢսֻǳΪӡַ㱬һȺֿͨȻһĹٶȽٶȺȻֱ۽սƺѾ֪óڤǻἯͷɱ
¡շ·ѿһɿµڷŰһ˲䲻֪жǿ߱ǴģľսĲҡ
䣡ַĿⶸȻһĿɨһ۾ľţߴ֮ˣȻǼ䣬ʱļͼţŷͼ֮ҫ죬ͬϹŵߣޱȡ
̤սѧԺ֮ʱѾǿޱȣô¹ȥõʾֲˣȻҲƿ˵⣬֮Ϊ޵ҲΪ
ַаһû뵽һ֮Ǽ䣬Ƕ֪ɹģ½Ȼɹֻͨǵ̤սѧԺֻˣո¶ͷǣûнӴɹĲΣսѧԺǿʢȻҲ֪ؾ֮ء


1898 ν
ڤĺƵԽ룬ҵñԽ죬ûصĹٵɲǣݱ㳹׵ȫǿƿ֡
ûмԳ֣֮Уͬһߣأǿ߷շѹȥַ˵ĺˣĿ⿴Щǿߵͬݽ㣬ֻоз˾޴ĲΡ
Ҫţͷڤ幥һڤĴڻӶֿͨͬʱͷȻûмɵڤȫɢҵھŵǿϣ޷йҲޣֻܹһЩù˱˶סʴֱڤŵȫɱ
ս֧űذܡַ㿪˵Χˮ¶ǿߣһСģĶ˺Ƶսսּ֣սѾǱƴ˵ʵˣһ·磬ȫѹƣ˿ڤһǱշѹҲľųǰƽɱ
ῴһĻɫֻ˫ַתʱؼһ޴ޱߵתֹӡ֮͵ĳǰɱ֮һжת֮¸ͬʱ˫ղʱһ貵תֹӡҫĿ֮⣬ֲĹ棬Ȼתء
ɱᱬһǰһмһ٣
սܶӱ·ҲҪǺɢսҲᱬȳڤŭһʱ֮ûأĳǰȥ
ַһһʱǰ̫ͼҪڣˮ¶ǿ߷׷׾ڤУ漴ַֻ˳ʱ̫ͼĿţĳǰ˳ȥ
ڤ̫⻷֮Сˮ¶ǿһȣڤľвע⵽ŵͼףʱ͵ĵУʹ̫ͼԽԽѤ⻷ţǵأǰ˹ȥ
½ǿ߶ͼһľ˭ڿƣܹ
ַһʱͼ׶Ȼ仯һƬңֲ·ضˣڤŵ˿һĻӵķл
޴ޱߵ̫ͼգһƬǿߣ̼ʴ룬ʱһǿ߷ĳ¿׹䣬ֱʹмһƬǿȫ
ᡣڤǿ߿һĻʱٶڤ˳ͬʱǹ񷣬ŶɱȥҲҪɢɢԷɱ޷ƽ⡣
΢΢̧ڤŵĺ󷽣漴ҵַӰüͷɵ΢΢£аһ
ַһ棬ǰľȡľ֮ʱַ㻹ҪȡľľȵһЩȡЦȥʱȻ￴ַ㡣
Ȼֻһ֮ԵԼ۹û⣬Ŷ̶һʱ䣬ǴȻȴɻΪַڤ磿
ַü֮ûӡǣζսһߵˣڤˣˣεڤģǿʢļң֪̤ڤķžľ֮ڤظ֪ͨ
һֿܣ˺һģһһˡ
ַƸоʲôĿ̧𣬳żȥ˵յײ
ˣַ㿴Ŀɲǣֻо΢˫ƽӵĵȻƽ·²侪Ȼڴ˿̣˫ƽȻţʱַֻоر·һƬɽӽ飬ݺݵĲ£ݣ·Ҫ㡣
ַͣ͡лȻĿĺڰ֮âӿϢ֮ӡʱʹɽ
ֱӴ͸սһ£նҪ綼Ҫһεַ㣬ʹһɿֲ֮ʴѪ嶯·Ҫұ
֮ȾɻҪ࣬¿첻սɱ¾֮ˡַеϢѪɽȵĶյУͼƽӡ
ַһԼ䣬սѧԺ֮ǿӣսҪҲҪԽһ̤ǣ̤ţҪͼײʱңңӣм֮Žʼ˻սݡ
ڣĿ뿪ַϣһս˵ַżֺ棬ȻĿҪģȴᣬʱƾԼǿʵշѹŵת֮һżֿܵ
֮ҫ죬ȥر֮һжҪշѹ¡¡Ĺ첻ϣһҪֿ俪ٵŵȴ̼𣬱쳵շѹΪƬʹ˸ҽɱ֮
Ȼ˼䳯Լɱ֮⣬˺ܿ£ԻĴС
͡ƻգʱ·һ֮ӣŵ顣
ɱһȣֲ֮ͫ⣬֮ҪǶȻʱü֮âţ·һתӡǣͬʱıһӰӡׯϣת֡
𡭡ſҪ˺һУתӰ·˳ӡ󣬻ޱӡײʹż⡣
ֹǿᣬҳ˵֮ܺǽײͨײĻذɣûнʸ񡣡ַ㿴˵ײ֪ԼĶ̴˵䣬Ǿīͨѹܹڹħչֻ֮Լ󷨣ҽħ̶ֶ֮ΣҪۼʵЩ۷ǿ߻вСġ
սѾչŵǿ߿ʼλսˣƬؼֻһֲȻ䳯ַ˺ʱַˮ¶ǿͬʱȥʱֲͬʱʴ
𡣡ַȻ̧ͷһ³ɫ䣬з·֮⣬ֻо壬룬漴ңɥʧ
ǿ׹䣬ַĽʬĿɨƬգϿǿ䣬жʱһ֮У߳ƵȻʱȴ䣬Ҫ׷ǿ֮·εȼѣΨ̤ƽһУɳɾ;ˡ


1899 ֮
ŵսԽĻңеӴ¿յĻȪ·ţΨսȪ֮ˮû˲֪ٵǿʬ
ֲܱҵСģѾַ࣬Ϊĵˮ¶һִַ֧ܹ֮޶ȵķڤɱãѾвС
ʱַӰƮˣվգ¿յĹսǿ䣬ݺᣬȪ֮Ϸ·Ⱦ֮⣬һˮ¿
ȪֻҪʬȪȻΪȪˮӴ˳ʧƬ֮䡣
Ȼ䣬һֲɱַ⳯ʹַͫһĿ⳯ǰȥʱֻһ֧СģĮĶɱ²Ϣ
ܽڤǿڤִĮ֮ʱһַ̤֮㣬ɱ֮ݺᡣ
طͷš
Įĺ³漴ֻЩƳһգʱһɳؿֲַϣʹǸоѪǶޱȵѹͬʱһεĺѹǵҪ޷
ַĴһ̫ڤͼǰϯˮ¶ǿ߶ʱڤУ̼ڤͼǰȥ
շ򡣡һһֻһӡʱɫ˿߽ͼҪ·ҪһƬ֮ͼ⡣
ɱַ³һ֮ͫ˵֮ϣֻ̼о֮һɺ˵ĺɫ֮Ļɱֲӡܹ
ˣֲȻ仯һµ֮ȥȻڴ˿ֻ̣оᴩʹţڱᣬӡ
𡣡һͬɥӣ̴̼֮Դ֮ϣһɾȻ漴걼Զû֪峯¿յĻȪ׹ȥȪ֮УȪѪˮ
ˣַһ³ϺսЯǰ˷׷׺ǿĹȴȥַƶȻһ֮ӡһϣ
£޾ͬʱʴֻƬʱ䣬ղһĻ֣˵ʵǿܳǰȻҲ졣
ˣˣַ˺սֻһζض֣˭ɱ˭ľﲻϵĳ¿׹ȥʹɫֹ࣬ͣǰУͬ㼲۶ȥԭ·أϯȥ
ȻַֺЩû취սַս̫ݶˣУֻһɱϧ˼ʮأս޾˭ɱ˭ȥûô˸ַɱ
ɱַĮ³һ׷
ˮ¶ǿ߶һΨһʵ䣬ⶼΪַ㣬ֶκǿսҲȷΣձˣνַ˫Į֮ͫǶףľȫսַκεĶݣУûең˭вɱ˭
ܿ죬Щ˵˷ַɱŭ죬Щ쵰ֶ̫ӣӲսˣһɱǰϮɱֻҪסһˣǶ֮Сģľǿַƿ⣬žΪģˮ¶ȫַָӣ̫¡
ּǿߣ齨ɾţҪȫһΪתǷǳѵһ£ܹԼǿֶˣͬӵо֮ˣսѧԺһˣɳΪһ֧ŵΪת
ַûƿһ֧ģľţ֧СģӵоԵȨ˶ΪģĻƴӣŶӵս㱻Ŵ
ܿ죬ַɱ˲ǿߣͬʱǵʬ׹Ȫ֮С
Ȼַ֧СģŵǿֻӰսƣȴ޷սʤڤŴһʼ㱻ѹȣʧأ޷ƣսߵܹԵĿڤľŴ·磬ҲصãöԷ֧Ҳͬ˲ʹ齨֮ǰһ֧޼᲻ݵĴɨһС
սѳɣַûбҪɱˣʱվ֮УͷӣĿɨ¿յս˵ĹһĻĻӰ񣬲ϵԺ˸һԹߵ̬嫵սһǳ֮¡
ĵӦǱһ֮·Ҫͬѹҵ塢Ѫǣʵ˿ֻҪ٣ȫҪȻ޴棬ֵɱǿ£һ֮ؾһ֮ɨһš
ַ㿴ỹڴսսܹ֮Уеӵ֮ƣʵҲǳֲĵתܹ֮շѹת˵ĹԷֶͨηֵǿᣬҲǷǳ£֮ʱһܹ֮תһŵĹ֪ͷŶĿֲ
Ȼ˶ǵ֮С֮߱ص
ʮתˣʵֲڤڤһμ۷ļܹ˴ս˿·磬ʵÿ¡һˮ¶ǿ߻˵
ַ㱾뼧ΪսѧԺһˣ֮ˣʥ֮ڶ֣ܹ棬ѵãȻԷһ仰Ȼ˼άĽǶȲͬʥʾľǿߣγڤڤʾ۷֮һ
֮⻯⻪ӵһƬգȫ֮⻯תֹӡӡɱͳݷܾ̫֮֮ͼ
ַʱһӣ֮гһâڵĽâ֮нŵУȻܿ죬һâɢַоⲻȣζĵǳΣ޷ﵽͼһС֮
ΪˡΪɱˣֻ֮轫֮빥ڤ֮УΪˮַһڵâ漴ƻʱ֮лһˮС
ˮգѾ̺˿ֲ֮һĻַ¶һĨЦ⣬·Ե˽˼֣һԺĹȻΪӦ֣ǿᣬǾڽ֮нйǿ󣬵Ͼȱ鶯ԣܹͨ⶯


1900 
ʵֽˡˮ¶˿ַ㣬ʵЩľַԺǿǶҪǿΪӦֻλʾģȴ˵Ҵ˿̵оøˡ
ַ㣬ս֣ƺڤǳˮ¶һλǿ߶ַ˵˿̵սԽԣڤռơ
ֹһսȦԷɾţģ֮սڤȴǲִٳɾΪ˭ʤ󣿡ַһ
ȻǶԷ˵ڤ緢սʱ򣬶ڤռƣɨһС
ˣڤܹݱҾֱʤˣһ֮Ҳû̫ãʱ䵽ˣǿ߳ȥϢɢʱڤʮ齨ǿϮɨƣذַܾ֡ƽ˵ʹöԷ΢΢ͷȷҪ˲Уս֮γɣԷʴɹ֮أҲ޷һûƿزôĵؽ磬ٻὫôɨһ飬Ͼ֧ĿģʵҲΪԼ
Ǹ
޷ս٣ҪһսΪսַ֮֡㿪˵һ漴ָһСģľţߣȽ֧Сģ𣬼ڤѹ
ַʵΪԼǣԽңһһ֮ڣɱսһ˵Ļᣬؾ½һֱڤ磬Լ֮ڣѾˣֻһһ֮ڻȥҪ
ַЯˮ¶ǿٶȷɱʼЩռƵľĶ顣
ڤַһʱ̫ͼӿǰֲڤĻ۶ǿַ߳ɱ˸¡¡Ĺɱַˡ
ַһʱڤ۵⻷ֲַӶƣֻյгһֲĺˮƬأ͵ĳŶԷûȥ
ˮ֮ضڰȺˣȻȴַƲĺˮͬŭХм˱ûˮʧ֮ʱǼ˵峯¿׷ȥ
ˮ¶ǿһʱһ֮˹漴ʬս֮޷ȥϵıֻʬȫˡ
ǿɫɫѿÿµĺˮˮ¶ǿߵڤַƿأֻ˲Ϣ֮䡣
ɱַֻһ³ǿֲȻһ͵ĳЩ׷ɱȥͬʱһ˽Ų̤ʼ׷
ˮ¶ǿ߽ĴַĵԽԽǿͷ˸Եֿ֮ǼµĵֱҪ˵
һսɱذսһƬɪȻǹĻȪƺ֪սĲңڲϵһһʬ͸Į
ڣŵսԽԽѾҵսȥˣսѾַͣٶûһλǿ֮󣬿һΧյžսˮ¶ǿ˵Ǹóˡ
ȥģ
Ҫһʱգ׼صǽսĵطȴһ֮ڵĵڤһ𷴻ʲôҲȥòҪɢϾ޷֤ԷСšַ㿪˵΢΢ͷߵսѾʹսɣľŴս޷ҵˣֻߣͬʱٽϢɢȥټڤǿٻ۳ɾԷһ֧ţǱҪȫɨˡ
ҲãҲ뷨һټţб޻ַ㿪˵漴һ˿ʼսķȥѾû˶ᱦͷսΣǰǲòȿԼˡ
ַ·;дɷѹֹܿģĴܹ˵ģСģߵжˣֱĨֱ߳սʱܹһսڤǿߣ˿̵Ȼû˵⣬໥ѯ֮սľƣȻڤһ߷ǳڤ඼ʧˡ
սսϢʼɹ֮ؿʼɢ̤ɹڤǿ߶ˣȫʼسͬʱ۳һɹСģսȦͬһɷ籩ɨɹɷ籩ԽԽҡ
ʼշսսһϯһɿֲѹɹڤǿߵͷɹ͸ɪ֮⡣
ʱַˮ¶һŸۡѾûˣҵһַϥʼԼ˴ɹõĺô
ɹɱǿڶ࣬õĶȻ١
ַ㻨һʱоЩľʾľӢǿߣÿ϶żֵƵıž顢֮ͨһЩԶѻһرˡ
ʱַһöгĿ˸΢Щľ
ħ壬Ȼһ֧ԶʱħᣬħͨΪҹħУһħ̶ӵпֲĴ幦Ч֧ħǳǿʢǽգǲʮżֲ
лдԣǵ棬õǿħħ£񶼻ڹħ嵱Уھα޴֪ˡ
ַЩõı㿪ʼһʱӵеʱ䲻ˣҪһ·սһΣɹ֮أȻһֲѪսڵʵԶԶ
棬ɹ֮һƬң֮սѾȫڤһ˱ľȻǿ󣬵ڤȫ½ۣһɿµľѻ˳ѪȾ˴أڤǿ߶һ֮ڿ߹ȥڤǰ
ַ̤ˮ¶Ƭ֮أڿգңɽܱߣĴʬ壬ɵи̾һսѾɹ֮ˡ
ʱıչأַɹλʾĵڶħ֮٣ͬʱ֮ƿҲЩѾܹ׵Ļ֮Ĺ뵽֮ͨУӳǿ
һ֮ڼȻڤ磬֪ʯͳǷڣڵĻҲͳһٷɹ֮ءַ˵˸ٵĳɹıԵ˸ȥ
ڤ֮ˡֻʱԶһǿ߼ַü֮ûӡǣʱһѪ֮⣬ֻһʱѪ֮з·һƬѪַڵѪ·𶼲ʹͫ΢΢һȻٶȻ磬ֱӳŶԷɱȥ
ɱַһ³Ȼ֮ŶԷɱʹöԷɫ΢䣬֮ţѪɫַ꣬һƻӶʱںӻգȻ佫Էûַǰ壬һŻ潫Էʬ漴µĴֱָ˸ȥ


1901 ·
ɹıԵ۶ȥַ㷢սѾɹ֮صÿһ䣬ʱü֮ӵӡǵǿߣԾ
ʱԶճһƬӰַɫ΢ǵɹԵˣڤǿ߻ڴˣҲ޷ֵ
ַ㡣ʱֻһӰ̤Ȼˮ¶ǿߣַ֮˹ڵǻ
ҵˮ¶һפرչأûбֱڲųΣַһ
֮ɹ֮ضսڤʧǳʹһ֮ѾҪ٣ŸʱҲˣһѾڿʼţȻҲڷǡ
һɲƽһսַ㻺˵ԷЦ£ֹһ꣬ļʱⶼֽսľƣ־ҪƽϢɲô׵ġ
Ҳԡַ΢΢ͷڴʱеضȻɫ˿ߴ£ʹ˵۾
ƬɫĹâϳԶɢȥʱƬձãȺͫ΢΢£з·һʯ£һ֮ڵˣɹһο
λͬʱȥȻѶǵļڤǿǲڤʾӢǿڱսɹ
һ˿˵ʱ˷׷׵ͷȻһӰֱӳϷռȥ
ڤ磬޴ĳ֮أɫ˿ҫĿޱȣΧ޾Ⱥɹ֮أٴο
Ȼڴ˿̣ȻһӰֱʹȺͫȻ£¶һĨ֮ɫöˣôȫͬʱ
ô£ȺɫĹâĲţȻڸտʱ˶ˣЩѰˡ
ڣֲȺ֮ʱȺĿȫȥ漴ֻһλɹ֮أսһǿ߷սѾɨɹλǲǿ̤룬̤֮·
Ⱥͫ΢΢£ɫһҲ˲֪Ǻ⣬ѯԼĳ֮޾Ŀռ䣬еǿߣʼøӵϡ
Щɹ֮سǿ뿪Ҳ£ʼ֪ͨ
λǰڤʮͳ죬λܹϢݸʮøеǿܹǲڤʾɹʱȣλץʱ䡣ɹֻ֮յĿʱ䣬ҪѡǿǰҪǿ߻Ͳڴڤϸɹ֮ء
ַλڿգʱĵȥֻͬһӰ̤ʹַ¶һĨЦ⣬ԭ˺Ȼʯͳ졣
Ų΢ַ̤ӰǰУ΢Цʯͳ죬㲻һֱڴ˵غɡ
ãַ㣬ߣһε۳ǡʯͳ΢Ц£ַ˵
ַ¶һĨɫѵʯͳǹģʱвǿ߽ɹ֮أʯͳĲȵǡ
ͳˡַŲûжʹʯͳתôˣ
ʯͳ죬תͳǰһɹҲԶε۳ˡַʯͳ˵ĿҪؾ½һʱ޷ʵ֣Ҳɹ֮أȴһλᡣ
ȥˣʯͳɫһ漴Цַ㣬շɹαؼһʱһҲδɡ
˵գʯͳ콫ִַϣַҪھܾȻһɫȴȻһɫȻˣתַ㿴ʯͳ¶˼ɫ
ͳˣǺ⣿ַĿ⽩Ӳֻʱʯͳһɿֲתڵÿһλһλ۾ǿ߿壬ֻҪһͷ֮أȻû뵽ʯͳ֡
ַ㣬һһε۳ǰɣͳҪ㡣ʯͳȻ̾һʹַɫӲɫǳѿͳ˿ֱӸΪ𣿡
ε۳ǳȻ֪ˣҲˡ˵գʯַǰȥַɫ΢Щ԰ףҲ˵еǺԵɣ˵ȥε۳ǵĻһɹȻζֻһβܽ룬һٽ룬ֱҪдһʱܳȥζҪʱ⡣
Ļ֮ԼȻ
ʯͳµɫַ̾Ϣһ֪׷ʲô飬ͳΪͨʱĽӴַ֮ˣǱ֮ˣôַܹ뵽ģֻһˣɱ׿飬·ͳ켩Լȥ
ʯͳ죬Ҷͳأ淢ʲô飬ʯͳʵַ֪㼴һҲͳε۳ǡַΪƽʹʯͳɫ΢΢һµԵΪӣȻȷʵ֮٣ַϼǣʯͳо΢ЩȻ
ʯͳ첢֪˿ַѾ⣬ʯͳһζǿѹȥһմۡ
ַ㣬Ӧûǵýäɣʯͳַ˵ʹַͫ΢΢һ˵ͷȻǵýäҲǸǳ
ɹäҲҪǰģȻ̤ε۳ǳȴû߳ε۳ǣ¡ʯͳ컺˵ʹַлȻ·ʲô
Ϊͳ൱ңε۵ϵˣȻһݣ׿֮ȻʯͳĻʹַԼûв´ڳʱ򣬾͸о˿Լʯͳһǰɹǽäȴˡ
ä㲢޴Ľ飬֪Ҫʲôңӵڤܹ˵䣬ԽäûеǶ֣㵱λɱ׿佻˳˽äȴ뿪ǽáʯͳ
äͳӦûʲôϵɡַ㿪˵
Ȼͳ죬㻹ǷǳصģûԵʣȻȥʯͳ̾Ϣʮ£ͳ죬Щͳ첻ٶйڣҺε۵ĵϵ˹ϵ۸ӣӦܹõҲǳĿˣȻȴɱε۵ϵ׿ô´£ΪͳĹϵԣͳ챻˽ȥ
ͳ뿪ε۳ǡַ㿪˵
ǵģͳ뿪Ҳͳ컹֪µʱ࣬ԴҪЮΪһǰɹģ㣬ܿٶȻɹһֱͳ߶֣һʧ
ʯͳ컺˵ַĬˣͳԵҲԵҶΣɥʧǣΪַɱεۺ׿ȫͬˣ


1902 
ڤʮǣΪʮͳΣУ޳ǣͳϽε۳ǵεһܹۼ𣬼ĵϵѪҲһ
Ȼȴ⣬ձ̤޳ǣΪ̫ǿڤ۷֮ǰ㲻ǿߣȻȴԽӼˣһŮԭֻ޳ǣڤ磬ӵ߿ֲӸˡ
־ѪѪˣ޳ǳ츳̤λڤʾ֮ʱ֮ʵֲ޳ǵĳպգжĽȻûм޸޳ǵˣǼ޸֮ˣ޳ǳĿˡ
ԣ־¼޸֮ˣȻһɿֲΣЩĽͳԼ޳ǳ꿡ܣػвޣȻʵϣµȷȻ󲨣Ȼȴû˸飬Ϊ־¼֮ˣΪڤڤʾ޽еļ֮һħ壬ӡ
ħڤѾã֪˶£ӣħһһˣǽˣԽӼӻһݣضǿڤ֮ˣ츳õڤΪڤĵӡ
ʱһ֮Уλ־΢΢¡Ķӣ΢Ц˵ʮ»̥̥꣬Сӣձؽڤ硣
Ļ˲δǿ֮ԣ޳־͹ħ˵Ľᾧ츳ԣܹԤϵģȻǿģټϼĹͬ־֮ӣĳɾ޿ɹ
ǰˡһɫĳۣͫ䣬ף費
ӣղҵõϢ½ɹڤɹ֮ȫܣǸᡣƽ˵ûа֮Ϣͬһƽĳ߰㡣
ӿһԵ־¶һĨ֮⣬ѵõ¶һĨ΢Цֲ̥̫ñҪҪߣ̥֮ǰҲ뿪̫ãһꡣ
ӵƽȻȴ˸оļᶨ
ˡ΢Ц£;ˣұ㰲ģСӳʱߡ
һ΢΢ͷȻڴ˿ֻ̣üͷ΢΢£־ϸ΢ɵʵӣôˣ
ûʲôӶ־΢΢һЦħ崫Ѷң˴սĹħǿ߼ȫĨɱǷҪǰɹһˡ
λӦǵģ־ʵ
ػӦ֪Ը񣬾Ͳôҡƽ͸һĨ֮У֮У·ܹƲڹħĵλ֮Ȼ

ε۳ǣ֮У޾ı֮أͳվһ۷֮ϣƤ·һ壬ǰһӰЩ˶ף֮ˡ
λҿܻ뿪ǵͳ죬ε۳ǻͳǰλΪ֮ͳƽԴ౻вͳλã޷ͳһְλˣ뿪ǱȻ
ͳˣƿЩ꣬ҵΣ֪˵壬ַ֮Ǩŭͳˣ๫ΪҪЮν뿪Ըһȥ
ԣͳˣԸ׷뿪˷׷׿ڣʹͳȻֵλ֮ûǰ򵥣ǶҪңǸ˽ڣ˵ִƵ֮أȻþַܺǡ
ˣҵҲԸε۳ǡ̾ͳ쿴Ⱥ鼤ܵˣڵǲԸ£ȵʯͳʯͳһȥǰǰɣԸµˣε۳ǲΪǡ
˵գͳ㾶ֱ뿪صĸ֮ۡУŲ
һգһӰͳĸۡ˺Ȼֻϥˮ֮еͳ죬ڵͳˣˣǷõˡ
Ҳַ㲢ڤ磬ɹ֮ءͳ˵
ͳˣַڤдãվҪģУΪյϢʯͳ죬Ѿӵַ㡣΢Ц˵ʹͳһâҲԤ֮Уܣֶκʯһȥַ㣬Ȼ˰мӣһʯͳͷַ飬֪ܷĵԭΪһжǵƿ֮С
ʯϢȻ֪ǡͳƽ˵һЦ£ϣͳ첻Ҫʲôͳεۣ֮Ů
˵գӰȥʹͳһ⣬Ŀ⿴Զɱ˸
֮ͳһЩ߳˳ε۳еһƬɽƬɽǰһ޼ʣˣͳ쵽ãʯַҲˡ
ַĿƽĿͳ죬ͳˡ
ͳҲַ㣬֮пǺ뷨ڣĿʯϣʯλֵǰ޳ǣҵ޳ǳڸͳ죬š
ͳˣһ°ɡʯͳɫһͳ
ȥɣѾˡͳ˻ֻ֣Զһ֧ǿľſϢΪ֮˺Ȼ࣬Ѻš
ͳ죬ľȥҪε۳𡣡һɫ䣬ʱһɿֲѹ
ַ㽻֮ұ뿪ε۳ǣǲԸڳԲǿҲҪǵİȫңºκιϸε۳Ϊǣ˳ݺ
ȥҺθɡɫĮĿַ⳯ȥˣɱĶӡ
ˣǵ㡣ʯͳ֪ʱңһŹȥ⣬ַ֮㣬ѷɣȻͳһЩʲôľٶãһ򾡡
ߣͳǷԽַ㽻ˡĮ˵ҪַúƷε۳ǵ̡֮
ֻʣҺַ˶ѣǷȷࡣ
ͬʱ˰ɡ˵ͳ΢΢ͷ漴ֻͳ쿴ַ㣬ַ㣬Բ㡣
עһˡַŲ̤һĻЦȴ΢Щ⣬û뵽˳
ˡһʱͷţ漴ֻһһֱֱֲӽַ£Ȼһ˦סַ塣


1903 һ
ַĿȴЦ£ͳû뵽ͳˬ죬ͳԸĻԻسģε۳ǣû
ʵ˿Ϊƣ˴ǰϣͳֳһЩģܽͳ׿Ѿͳ춼˽ȥϾ׿ڵսͳ쿴ŵģ׿ȴˣ˿ַ㣬»Զûꡣ
ȥк壬ǡͳƽ˵漴μ뿪硣
ߣһĨĶ֮ɫ漴ַ㣬ĵһĵ̡
˵գ˻֣ת˵أε۳ǵķȥȻǻûжãȻ䣬ɫ˱䣬һͣ¡
˷׷ֻͣĿַ㣬ղŽӵ֮˴Ϣ뿪ʯͳǱ·УʯͳЩŵ뿪һλ굥һȥ꣬ƺַ㡣
ˣжȻһֲ֮⣬ַԺг˽ȥֻ۵һ촫ַӰֱӱһĻʹɫ࣬Ҳɫһϵˡ
ôһ⻯Ȼַ㣬⻯ô˵ʵ졣
ͳ죬֪ʲôʹŭһһ֡
ַʯͳȷ·У෴ķȥַʯͳʱǽɽ棬ʱѾ⻯ˣ˿ַ̣ڵͿнŷ뿪ߣͳǶˣʯǣע⣬һʱǱữΪ㣬ȫɢ
࣬ͳ죬ûΪɣַ㿴ԵŮʵ
࿴ַ㣬һЦҡͷûץ֮ǰҶΣֻһֱš
û±ãϣʱܹɡַ㿴ǰգ˵ȻʱַɫȻһ䣺ÿĶǷˡ
ҲһĨ֮ɫַ㵹򶨣ĿĮ࣬򶨣Ҳǵġ
΢΢ͷһ̣һɿֲȻڷĳ˳ʹ˲仯˻ɫ
ô£ַͫ׶Ȼ£һɻɫŰš
ַ㽫ַϣʱȫתΪȻַĸо֮ô򵥣ֻݶʼŤ
һĻʹַͷһ˿᲻ף屻ֶֽš
˻һڴַֻо΢ЩǹɿֲĻɫûɫָһư𪣬ַ㣬ǼǰС
ʱַĹŷѾֻͣɫ˸һɻʱпĻ޷һ֮
ɡַͫ׼ı䣬ЩҲǳĴȻó˱ӵֶΡ
һХͳ죬֮ϵȻܹҵ
ࡣͳ˲䷢ɵɫ΢Щ԰ס
ףû£Ǽ߰ɡ¶һĨЦݣַͷһͳˣǵֶΣ㽫ͻȥ
ַ㡣Ŀ⿴ַ㣬΢΢ҡҡͷ漴ףǼȻϿֶΣζűͲ׼һģȥҲһû·˳Ȼ
ͳ쿴ЦݸоһʹôܿŮȥ
ͳˣԸһȥַ͸һɿµ֮⣬һ
ͳ쿴ַ㣬һĨ֮⣬ַ㣬˵ĺãұ֤ûл·ҲҺ
ͳˡַĿһһλͳ죬۾ǿߣ֮ġ
Ϊģȴû뵽ε۳ȵأ࣬׶Բס㡣ͳεĵȻȴɾ¶һĨЦ⣬ףŮһΪϧҲ뿴Ϊȥ
ַ͵ͬʱͳֿͬס࣬ס
ɵѾͷһԣôܿͳɵѾͷΪ˲ַȥȻҪԾ
ߡͳһӣʱȥŸղŻĵطȥɽգ˹Ȼڴ˵صȺ򣬿ͳǵ֮Ц
ͳ챳ε۳ǣӻɱɱҶ֮ˣܺá˵һͳһ⣬͸գ˵ѴַǷԷŹŮ࣬ºûκιϵ
ҿַǼ٣äȥɡ˵ʱֻϹӽʹȺ߳
٣ַȻȺ˫ͫ䵽˼£ޱȣһ˫֮ͫ
ɱַһȣʱ·һɹɿֲɱ֮ϯäüͷ·£֮У·һ֮ĻǴ͸ȥҪ
͡͡Ȼ䣬һ貵Ĺâգַɱ֮ײ漴ַֻ̤գ͵ĻӶĺգƬضû
ףַ츳ǿһĨɫͳͫҲһоȣַƿ˵
äĽˣһͬһ㣬նˮ֮ϣնѣ徹ȻӺˮгɱֱַ
֮򣬽Ӱ⣬ÿ졣
ֻäȻַǰһȻɱַֻоȫһ֡
ַһʱһֲٽ˶δ˷ֺ޽ٶɱҪäɱ
ˣһĿ֮ʹַ۾ä˫Ϲ˵۾ͻȻſˣ貵ɣͬ㣬̵ַ۾޷
նäŭһһֱȡַ˫ͫ쵽ͬһ⡣
÷ˣä۾˵սʯ֮䣬ȻȴʹȺţÿ£ǳɳؽ콾
ȥɣȻ̤һûգ˲Ϣַͽäӿ˹Ҫ˶
⣡ͳ³һʱر⣬ַͽä嶼⣬漴ֻͳһץʱַͽä˶ӱץ˳ߡ
˱޳ޣҶ츳ûбҪ֮ä˿ҲӦÿˡͳ컺˵ʱä˫۾ָֻԭ״ûκεɣͬϹӰ㣡


1904 һ
һߣֻ˻֣ʱɢ˲ϢͳΧ
ͳ쿴һĻ̾ϢŹŮԼַ㣬ҴΪá
ǡͳĻ¶һĨЦҴԸҶϣַҪҶ㻹ҷŹЦ
ַͫȫĮĺâ漴ֻͳҪȫ𣿡
ǵģڣͳһº󱲱Ĩɱζ˵һͳȻתֻ࣬ʱһɿֲĻŰʹǰļֻ˺ɫɫһƬڡ
ַ࣡ͳ춼ת࣬ͳգˮ
ףޣӦ࣬ҪúõģһҪ߳ȥɺЦָͳ۽ǵۣûĿֲͱˣֻǵĸ׻ս
㡣ַʱ˫ͫ׻֮⣬Ȼȴһɿֲ֮Ϣתܹݻڵȴ޷ǻ
ַ㣬ûйϵ㲻Ҫ츳ôãҲһҪúõĻȥ¶һĨЦݣ漴ͳףҰɣٲߵôѿ
ͳ֣ʱһɿֲĺ⽵ϣϢ˲ס·ǹɻˣɱЦݣȻȴͬһ㡣
ʱַֻϣһصϢƬ֮嶸ȻʧԭأһĻʹͳɫһַ㡣
ɱһ֮Ȼ֮һɿֲɱϢһȭâƿգʱ֮ϳһڤӣͳɱͬʱäַ㶼оһǿϣ͸ǵ塢־Ҫ
ַӿֲֿ֮ӡʹɢı֮ͫԵĽâɨһۣҪҪä
ä۾Ѿ̺˵ƺǼ亱Ĺ֮⣬äһֱصĺղҪääԼ
ɽäȻ־£äûΪҪѻꡣ
ɣַ֮ԵĽäһ̣äҲʧ֮УʹȺͫ΢΢£ַʲôȻ˶գ
ʱַѾں¶ˣҪƺãǲҲؾ½Щ˷Ҫ׷ɱģ¶û̫ĹϵѾ˻ʹ㽫֮С
ͳϳһ漴Ȼӳַȥ
ַһ֮Уʱ˶УͬʱյУֲĹĳͳض·ҪѿǹƲռ
ˣһɺڤ涸Ȼͳȼ̼һɳĿϢַסſֲļᶨ֮ɫ˵Ҫһַǰ档
ڤĻͳ壬ǹɿֲԽԽ£ͫ΢΢£漴ɫȻˣ֮ռжǿû֪˿̣ͳƺԼ꣬Լĵ
һһɱͳ³һ̣˶ܹоƽͳ̺ɱģֻˣǴ۾ǿߣͳĲ̫ˣһ󾳽磬޿ֲֲʱͳˡ
Ȼ䣬Բ֮أһձһ̣·ͳȼյ⺮ڤ֮УһֲĹȻƿɱֻͳгһ޴ĳȥ
ˣһģȻ˿ȻƱȥˣ˿ͳɱʹ˿̵ͳƴֵá
飡˻һƿͬʱڿֲĳ˳ȥؼһ󺣣Ŀֲǵϯȥ
Ȼȴ£һŵ·ֱӴ͸գԾ󺣣˹ȥ
Хһ壬Ȼȴ˿Ǿ޴ٶţֱûƬգ廹꣬ȫ棬һЩӱܲǿߣҲ֮ͬС
պϣ棬޾ĻŰֻͳõ͵һƣʱһ޴ޱȵǧƬȴҲûг˵Ӱ
ͳڤԽԽֲҡϼףƬط·𶼱ɺڤ֮Уǰصľвٴ۾Ȼ˿ȫɢҿͳ죬ʱͳ治Ϊ˭Լȥƴ
ԼѰĮû뵽ͳôݡ
䣡
ֻͳȻתʱһɹɿֲͬɽХ㳯ȥͬʱͳ嶯ˣֱǰǧÿһǿֲ
ƻӶʱǰһɫĻ󺣣һռ𣬳ǰĺڤȥֻǧֱӶһռ䣬ͳ嶼ֱӶ˳ȥǿֲ
ȺһеľͳǱɱ𣬴˿ֻҪǿᡣ
ߣЦһƳһʱسһƬĻֲͬɫƺܹи˵ꡣ
ȻЦܿʧֻͳ徹ȻֱӴ͸ɫ޾˿и壬·ûʹ㣬ֻͳ콵ǰһ̣ͳΨһһҪڡ
ɫȻˣ屬˵ͬʱӳֲŶԷûȥͳӵˣһֱ£ӡϣ̼䣬һɻ׵ıˡ
Ļǻһ̰˳ȥ漴һֱӳ¿׹ȥڴʱλǿ߽ǰĮĺâͳ죬ͳѾˣЩ׽Ĩȥ
Իȡͳ峹׵ĻޣȻ䣬˽ؼһַ˽ȥ漴޾֮ƬŰ·һУɫĹ⻪ҫһʧԭأȴ˲ĥ𺳡
ͳ죬ȻѡӴ˻һ


1905 
ڤ磬֮䣬һɫĹ⻪֣֮У̧ͷĿȻֻһ˲䣬ʧǰʹи֪̾ʲôǿûзɳӹ
ؼ䱼ʱ⣬ڽһããĴ֮УĴں֮ϣ⻪ɣȻ䣬֮ϣһƾոֻ֣֮䣬Ƭ棬ʢ֮أһϢƬ򣬷·Բǧﶼܹԡɶ֮С
Ȼ䣬еһʢһ·֮ʢ֮澹һ֮꣬ĳȥ棬һӰ˿Ӱƺ͸һǿҵĺ⣬ܣһĮ֮
Ȼʱգֻĵһѣ漴ɢǵڶ޴ӿֵ貵Ĺֱӳ֮У壬겻ϵţͬϾ㣬ʹһ֮â֣Χգؼ·Ҫͬһ֮ȫݽȥ
Ľë£ɼѾ˵ģȻܵ˿Ļȴδ۾˳Ȼԡ⾳֮Уĸţ·һжôȻг
΢࣬ʹΧҡҷţ׶гȻޱЭ
ȻͬƬããһڵħʯħʯĴ󣬾ͺһ㴣ãã֮УƬħʯǺڰģſֲħϢңħʯ֮ϣӰԾУ˵ĸоأϡ
ʱħ֮ϣһλǿĿһɫ漴վŲһ̤뿪ߣûйãһϵĺڰħ̳֮ϣڼ̳·һƬֲĺڰħ̶͸ĺڰħ󣬷·̺ſֲħ
ûиоǹħеĹħӡϢǵ֮˻˵ʱħ̶вͫħ֮˸ֹħӡֻҪһľ֮ڣǾܹӦ׷˵ֶΣֻǹħǿܹ¡
оˣңⱻ¹ħӡϢǿλڤʻλڤʾˡ˻Ӧ˵
ȷûжùħӡ
Ⱥ׷׳ĬǶûж¹ħӡ
˭Ըǰʱħ̳ϵǿƽ˵һʱħ̶֮УмӰڿգȥ
ã㲻ˣȥɡ̳֮˵˵˾䣬漴ڼ̳ϥǵã²Ϊǹħ˴սѾʧأһˡ
סֱ̤ӳڰħ̤ȥããеĳһȥ
ַԡ֮УãŻһƬֻо͸һɰ֮⣬һʱгһƷ桢طշ棬·ܹʱ任㡣
ԡڵ֮У֮ܵϴ񣬾ܹнַ֮ȻȻ⣬ֻǱᴩ壬ԡͳ֮У·ͬ˰㣬Ҳܹá
ͳˣ㻹𣡡ַ㿴Լŵһڻҡҷţͫ¶һĨ֮⣬۾ǿߣΧ־֮£ͳ첻ѷɣ۾ǿߣֱѹ
ַ΢ʱһϢַ֮УʱĽäϥĿַվգŽäһ⡣
ȻѾ֪۾ûϹαػҪΡַĮ˵
ҵ۾Ϲģ㿴Ĳҵ۾ҵĵäƽͼƿƬռȥͽ޹ܹҡƬռ䣬ƿԶԣԱĿ񣬲ͽ޹֮¡
ҲΪҺǣȻȻѾ£ҲҲһģ㵱ɱڣ»Ȼ㲻һܹɱңû뵽һ̤ɹʵô࣬ϧұ˽סϴûܺͬʱ̤ɹ֮أٶԵ
ä̾һַ֪ä˵ĶʵäͲǶ໰֮ˣ˵ÿһ仰޷ȥ
ʧעǸϹӣȻҲҿѰ޽÷ǳĹϵϹ֮֮Կ򷨣ңҪɾҵĵԵֲۣȱˣȻˣ򸴺ԣ棬ҲĶ֣ҪδãϤ㡣
ä͸ǹ侲پ֮ʱˣоκεܹɾ͹֮ԭ򣬴˵֮ķѰܹģҪԵֲۣȱݡ
ַûὣä뿪ߣıѩµļУ漴ַ˳磬վ֮ϣĸ֮⾳˿ڣ·Ҳɵ֮⾳
ڴʱַ̧ͷԶȥֻӰХ˶ۣ͸һǿʢħɲ⣬һħʿ
ħӰĿ⳯¿յַȥƽںϵǵͫ׶΢΢£İ֮⡣
һ˰ɡʱһĿ⸩ַ㣬ĮַӵйħǿµĹħӡȻҪعħһˡ
ַͫһ⣬ڱ䣬·ȫǿµ֮⡣
Ǻˣַʵ
ħ壡ĻӦ漴Ų¿һ̤ʱһɳضֲܹϢħϢַѹȶַ建ڿգַӭ̤ȥȻ䣬ͫ׵һɫ·ӡ㣬ŶԷ۾ȥ
˸ܵµĿ⣬ɫ˲ң漴ֻâһһڵٽƿգ͵Ŀ촫˵峯¿յĺ׹ȥһ֮ϡ
Ųһַ̤㳯̤ȥɫ˲䣬Ȼ䳯źȥȻַܷŹǣȻӶʱ촫յһֲĺˮ˹ȥֻɫ԰ףǵȻǵһгһöֱ漴ˮûУһҪӣȴо֮пֲ֮ɱʹŭ𣬽ţصҲûˣ


1906 ħĴ
ַ֮Уͫоڵâ֪˶پ룬Ѿ뿪ε۳ǵһǣħ壬ڲԶ
ַսƷ漴ڻ֮ϣȻ漴һʱһʧ
磬ܻøӵַʵıǿƬѾʼѩ¹ܻȥѩ¹⣬һԼ۹ֻû˿ڡ
ѩ¹ַֻһƮ漴վһޱȾ޴Ĺ֮£
ͳˣ֮ڣ֮ƣұ㽫ɡַ㻺˵漴Ʈ֮£֮䣬һӵƬ򣬷·磬ǹϢٶ
ǿ֮ܳɾ͵ӡͳ˻һγǵӡԺѩ֮ˣԡĹ⻷֮УͳĶͬƬ
ַ૵Ų߶ַ̧ͷ˷ƷƺС˹
磬СŶµ˸
һλ⽫ѩ£Ժʱ̸⡣ַ΢Ц˵Сߵַߣ§ַĸ첲ЦԽԽˡ
СţȹЩӣұȥүүַ§СţСַͤͤɽСѾͷ
ַ㣬ȥ׼Ʋˡƶַ΢ЦȻַȴҡҡͷƷƣ滹Щ飬пٻǡ
Ƶ˵ͷַ㾭ܼһΣѾˡ
ħ壬ǱַɱĹħǿʱħ̶֮ϵļ̳һڵĺâȻȻ䣬ǰħ̶ķֹ
ħ̶еǿ߷׷̧ͷż̳֮ϵǿȥ漴ֻվǶˣҵҪǺηҹħ֮ˡ
˵գӰһڵħâƿն
ħ̶еǿڣ漴вǿӰȻƿħ̶˳ȥ
ַʱڳŹħ෴ķȥȻû߶Զĸоһɺ嫵ħϢĳʹͫ׶Ȼ£ȵħϢԽڤ֮Ǵ۵Ϣ
Ȼתַ㿴һµħ⳯ŷĳɵÿֲȻ£УһҫĿ̫֮Ȼţؼ̫֮պƶĳӿȥͬʱַһƿֲĻҲͬް㳯еİ˱̫ȥ˿кü۱Ȼ۱࣬ΪӦ֡
¡͵һֻһ޴ޱȵħӡɱ쵽ַ۾ֻþֻоҪѿ㣬ǹɿԵѾѹȵγ˿ֲ˺쫷硣
˿̫Ȼƿɱǰһֲħӡײһ𣬿ֲನַ屬ˣȻȴһֱӴӻĲг˳һֻµĴӡ͵Ľն֣漴͵һա
ַһ˱̫ٶȷĺȥʹΰӡѵһħ⳯Եĳ˹ݺݵİ˱̫ϣַ屻õɶ۵³һѪֻо嶼Ҫ
ڣַ㿴˵ӰǻڵħޣȻϲƵǹħԼĿֲϢȴȸղǰǿ̫ࡣ
ַЩɱĹħǿѾ֪ħԼͨޣͨǴĹž鶼׹ž飬һΪžħ󷨣Զϻ徭ʹ壬漴Կֲħ֮飬֮֮أȻΪ⹦̫ԵܶΪ˹ħħ̶Ϊ˷ʥأΨħ̶ʩչܱΣʹܣÿһνܣܹʹõ޴ĺôǳİԵԳ֮Ϊ̡
˹ħԽܹ̣֮Խ࣬ԽǿᣬǹħӳԽ£ַ͹ħǿ߽֮ʱᷢǵĹ죬Եףһֻ޽ӡ·ѹذ㣬ǰǴ۾Ĺħǿߣ֪жֲ
ҹħǿս䣬Ƿйأǰǿɫ䣬Ŀⶢַ㣬һħ㡣
â˸ַ֮УһޱȵħӡħӡͺһϹħư㣬ſµħʹǰնš
ǹħǿһַĶѾشĻһֲֻħ֮ƣħǿɱ¾һλǿħǿߣ˫˫ȶնħֶƳɱΪķݣеźʹãֻӡӦھϵģȻ˿̣ȴַС
ӹɣɣսǰϣŻһֻơ
ɱġַ³ֹŷ˵£ŷХĳԶȥȻַħǿߵġ
ߣħĴǿһһգʱ¡¡Ĺַֻ֮Ȼһڵħʯŷǰе·Ҳ̤ǰ͵Ĵɱ£ʱڵָɽӡɱ£̺ױȵĿ
ַ㿴һĻȴ΢΢˿ԷֻʹûʹõֻҪûѵϣ
ȻӶʱħ֮ӿһֲĲӡĳϿպХַ岻˷ŷȻ䳯ŹħĴǿ߳˹ȥ˱ֽ̫̫֮⣬˿̫·𽫶Էס漴ݺݵĺɱ
Է͵һֲۣħûһħɽĺ̫֮ϣձѣֻɳǰַץ˹
ɱַͫȫһӡɱͬʱ޵֮ҲŶԷշѹȥʱַ·˰㡣
֮ԷǾ޴ħͫ΢΢£ֲ·һħɽͬʱƺݺݵĳַշѹ˹ȥ
ŷȻڿգַʹǿֲħٶȺ˳ȥʱ屻ó˹ȥֱ۷˺죬ӵ壬·ȫĹҪ鿪ѡ
ÿֲַͷӵ۱ı޷⻹ֻûлĴǿߣ۾λ֮䣬蹵ֲ̫ˣƿ˵޷ҡԷ
ڴʱֻԶһӰХʹַͫȻ䱬һ貵ĺ⣬ŷ͵ĳ˳ȥǹ˶ȥ
ҹȥħǿ߿һĻһ֪ԵжֲЩǶּ֣һսȻҲɱˣ


1907 
Щ̤һǿһɫһ漴ַֻŷͬһ㳯˫ͫ׺䣬·һĨĨתַ۾ΧƬգһ֮ݺᡣ
ˣһ޴ޱȵȻ䳯ǹ·غޱߵħ¶ֲħƣ¡һǰһλǿ徹ӡֱ֮ӱѣ˶÷顣
ַŷٶȺεȵĿ£˲ϢǣһںӾգ촫һӰֱӱںӾ˽ȥû
󡣡ַĴǿ߱һһɿֲһµħͷַХ쵽˼顣
ַޱ飬͸һɱĺĳʣµӰ˳ȥӡ͵Ĵɱ漴ٽɱ˵гױȵĿ־ÿµһ˫ͫףҲǹħһѾλڤ֮Ȼ˫ͫףȴĸе𺳺;
͵촫ھַ֮ԵĸԽԽ̣ɱûڤʾǿߣѾûκεˡ
Ȼʱһɿֲѹ·ҪַѹĿȻת漴㿴һ˫ͫ׵ħ𣬿ħɲǣ궼ݺݵĲ£·Ҫ㣬۾ǿߵǿʢ̫࣬ûеɸֲѹ
¡һɱͬʱ̫ţַŷĳǰȥٶȴ߶죬ӵе۱޷ʹ۾￹⣬ӵйħĹħӡǣҪѷǳѣַоЩ˫Ψ޾⣬ɨ
ʱַǰӰ̤Уһ˫Ů໥ţһ˫£ǵ޳ǳ͹ľԼ־
ڴʱĿ⳯һۣ˫ڵͫ׷·͸գֻӰ߷ٵĳ׷ˣħǿߡ
ħӡǣĿַɨһۣ漴ԵŮӵȻȥ
־΢΢ͷ漴ֻһַ̤ǰֻһվһΡɽ᲻ɴ֮У·վǣܹҡˣߴȥ
ַȻҲ˾Ӻ־ˣͫ΢΢£ƽǰľӣһεѹɼ˵ʵȻǷǳµġ
Ȼ˿̵ַûѡֻȻ˳ȥ޴ޱߵĿֲħƻûħӡǰȴӽŲһ̤ǰʱն·ڲһȭâӾӵкɱ˵֮صصľħӡըһɰԵ޿ƥеȭâַɱȥ
ַкݺݵĲ£Ϊλڤʣַһָо׷ĴۻҪֲ
̫ȻԷʵ޻һȭ˳ȥʱһſ̫ѣݵ˲䣬˵ľѾˡ
֮нХ֮Ȼַ·оԷԺз·Ʈһ޴ޱȵħ֣ħ֮תſֲĻ⣬֮ϣ޷ҡֺһֻ޴ӡ͵ĳַӡɱ˹ռ·𶼱Ť
ַĹȫΪҽȫһɿֲϣϢ֮ڷַɫ΢Щ԰ףڵͫĶǰľӣƺʶԵһû뵽ħ徹ȿµĴڣ˵ʵ»ڼ֮ϣǹħ۸ѹҪֲ
ַ֪ڹħĵλ޳ǵ㲻ᾪˣħӣڤڤʾǿߣҲܹ档
һɿֲϢʹַ㲻ս峯Ų淽͵ĳ˹ȥȻȴӽŲݺݵһ̤ʱһֲӡֱӸɱһɿµħ֮ͰԵ֮Ȼ併ַϣŹŷÿͷˣȫ·ɢ˰㣬ӵϢĵ⣬´˿Ѿˡ
ͫڣַ㣬ǣûڤʾߵģе۱ҲС
ʲô֮
ַס壬ղĸоһɵ֮ѹǳ¡
ӡĹħǿѾ˽ַм䣬δŶԸַ㣬Ƕž΢΢˵ͷгɻã
ʱգ̸ͬҲǳе̥ұû̫ͣáƽ˵ʹַ˸˾ܹʮ֮
СӳԼҹħ干ͬǺεȻԻ͵ħĴЦ£Ŀַ⳯ȥĮɱ⣺ɱҹħһǿߣҹħϲ㡣
Ƴħɡƽ˵
ҪδδǹħĴǿ߻˵漴Ŀַ⳯ȥ
ֻʱַޱ飬ʱ˱̫ԼħƳǴǿ˹ȥʹǴɫ΢ͣȻȴɽסַ¶һĨȤɫ
ǰħ塣ַĮ˵ϵϢȫ⵹ʹǴɫһͣ漴ЦãŷȻ߰ɣ
ַ㽫ŷҲ漴ӸǹħĴǿߣŲǰ̤ӺǴǿ߸ַˣҲַˣû˹ŷԼ۱׿Դݻַ㣬Ϊ˽ƳħȲˡ
ַɱôĹħǿߣ᲻֪ħǺ⣬ԷҪħͲҪһǳǿƳħ
˳ŹħķǰУûй̫ãһڰħַ֮Уϵͬһ޴ޱȵħʯ㣬гصĹϢ
һ׾޴ʯϣ־溬΢Цǳķ
ʱַУͻȻһöӡͬʱһصϢ
ţüͷ΢΢£漴ֻһַеֱʧԭأ־˹ȥ
ӱһ֮ʹַ궼ݺ£ȻȴûлӶֻ̤ǰΪҲһλ֡
Ȼȴӣ־ͬʱ콾֮ŮҲַܹ׵ֵġ
һξȴˣ־ʵȷʵǿ˳ʱַֻоǶҪѿ㣬ͬʱҲӳһֲĵ⣬Ȼһжûַֹ㣬֮٣־ʧ֮УʹþĿֲͣУӲǲҺɱȥ
ַʵлὫԼģȻΪԾǿʵļɵľӵܹҡ磬һֱֱ̲־ûκԥĳˡ
һ޶һµϢӾϷţǹɿµħѹƬأַ֮⣬Ķžӣһλǿߡһλڤ۷֮ˣټϹħǿҪƳħȴ˵ֻЦֻҪ޶


1908 ħ
ɫѿַ㽻ֹѾַܹʵõ۱ַʵΪҲԲӣᣬ츳ף֮ǿ㻳УҲַܹ׶Ըˣûַӵʡ
δȴ־ʵǺֲܿģֵַидǾӸܻ뵽ַӵһ磬ƴգ־ǾԼܶһ
ȻӿֻŵǣͲַ֪㽫־ʲôط
ſӣߡӱ˵Уκ˵ܺȣҴ˿־Ķӣ¡
ַͫڣޱȣ֮Ũ˿ڶ˵Ĳᡣ
һɲǣ޶һԣñҵİȫַ㻺˵漴תŹħ̤ȥһĻʹþӺǹħĴǿɫΪѿ
֮УһħǿӰ٣㶼Ϣǿᣬʵֲޱ䣬·һܹ͸ַ㡣
Ȼʱַˣô̤ħڲȥ
˭׼ֺһ쳹ڹħ֮У͸ױȵİЩħǿһɫƺѾ֪ʲô飬־ǾԲܳģҲ˵־ݣڵ֣ҲǱѰˡħˣ־;ӵ֡
ַͫɱ䣬ħ棬Ŀɨգڣǰħ֮أһ̳ڼ̳ǰȻһ޴ħ̶лвԡħ̶֮С
ˣַ˸ħ̶ȥֻһȻȻַ֮ͫжȻһֲɱ֮漴ƻӶˮ֣̼佫˵ûˣֱɱ
һַֻ̳֮꣬ϳһȫڿħ֮еǿߣһ˫¶ͫ׷·Ҫַ־塣
ڶκֶΣҽɱַ̹ͬǣû˸ľģֻʱӰ̤˹ĿⶢַӣҾӷģħκˣֺ㰲Ȼ뿪ʲô飬أ̤Ƹ磬Ҳɱ㡣
ӹһɿֲ˳¿յħ̶ķš
ַĮ֮ͫɨӣ䵽ûκεС
ҲģһʱڣԲ֮أҲϣκ˴ңȫҹұɱҵҲǼģ⣬ֻҪϣҲҪһɹһǰڽɹ֮ǰһӣħǿ߼ɱҲɱˣҲҪκŵԡ
ַ˵ͫ׺;ӵз񣬷·ֲħ⽻һ˭ϱ÷ֺ
ãҴӦ㡣Ȼһκ̣ɣˡ
ħ̶е˿ӵɨһ¶ʵɫɨַһۣ漴촫Ǵħ̶г˳漴ȥ
ΧƶǿڽӴӵĿҲΣԽںַŸ޼ɵȻľӣԵʵ
ԼҲ뿪ˣȻǳģðգѡַӺδĶӣַҪֺͽţ
Ⱥ뿪ַ֮ɫƽȻܿ³һ˿ңҲұ֤ҲջظղŵĻ
ħһƬžžЩ£˶оŭʣǹħ嵱пɱַ̫ˣ˵ַָܽɱǴʱȴַֻܿǹħΪΪһ˶Թħħ̶
֮һʱħһİַϥħ̶֮УԡǹħĿޣû֪ڸЩʲô
Ȼȴһգħ̶֮УһͬҰް˻𣬷·ޱȵʹࡣ
ʱħħ̶ַֻʣһԴ¶棬ϵļŤģ£·һħžı켫Ϊǹѿ죬ڵľѵϸ΢졣
ûħ󷨵ˣԶ֪ħطжôʹ£ʹԼһԼ壬ÿһλѿ塣
𡭡һֲХַ³ͬ˻㣬ƹħļžʹùħɫòɫѿ׷ɱַĴǿߣַ֪ʲôǹħ飬ħ󷨡
طǳܹģΪĿ̣ȱҪǿѪǿʢ֮棬ܹܵΣǹħǿߴС壬˳꣬Ҫǿȣܲħ󷨣ܶ˶̭ҪңﵽҪطڹħħ̶ܹ޸壬һǿΣΪ̵ħħ󷨵ı沢ôƣΪħţҲЯһطġ
˭ܹ뵽ɱ˾ɣӵħ󷨵Ҵħħ̶
¶ħԣǧ겻йĳ衣
ַȻ׼Ҳû뵽ħ󷨰Ե˹ǵһν壬ΪʹһΣҪ
һ˻ַ㿪ʼļȡħ̶еĿֲħħ̶֮ƺһɷǳ֮ǹħȱһֱɹ֮еĹħħ̶ֻȡһЩħ̶֮ˮϡͶɵġ
ħе鿪ʼصħַ㿪ʼ޸ÿһλǹɿֲʹɣֱ׵޸ãźݺݵ³·õһ㡣
͵һգʱĹ촫ֻоӵһ֮ߵԴȪ
ڴʱַͻȻͷ΢漴ǹһĨЦ⣬žһħҫ֮ϣһɿֲħڻۣȻַӭλʾĵħ١
ŵħٺǰһννֱ꣬ȻһַܹӲĳħתſµħٹ⣬ַϵļ·ˣһƺɫ⾳·˱ըԵ
ħǿ߼㿴ħٶûгַ֣㣬ĹֶȻȴֻܲʵĿš


1909 ɹ
ħַֻ֮֮УȻû뿪ħ̶벽ħ̶·ϰ㣬壬˿ЩЩħǿΪζϲħ̶֮Уʹħ֮ħ̶ոֲ
ʱţһգħ̶֮УȻһַȫһӰȻȴ͸ģ·һ𣬻Ϊá
ַȻڱ֮ͫõԼĿ͸ŵ⣬ľ磬̥һ׶ΣѾǳˣʱھ½սѧԺַͬųֲ⡣
õַӰûַ壬漴ʧַһαϣ漴壬ĳħ̶ȥ
һʱ䣬ھӶǼΪ尾ģħʱϥһʯ֮ϣĿ⳯ħ̶ķȥľʼ޷ƽܹӰľģֻ޶ˣϣַܹŵԣ򡭡뵽⣬ӵһƿֲ֮
ӣڴ˿̣һӰ̤ھľʯ֮ϣۣһɹħ֮С
ڡӺһӰǰĹħ⽥ɢȥ¶һŷǳɾݣᣬ;һ޶Ѿ¡
ӣֻҪͷҿһ˲ɱⱻӳΪڵ˻˵ӵȻỳĻԸһλڤʣֵĻȷܹһ˲֣ǣɲðգһ޶ַᣬһ²ĥӰ
ڣ½Լɡӵ˵˳Ĭ£漴žӵҲãڤ֮УҲ޷ѣ£ұ㲻ˡ
˵գӰһ˲Ϣʧ˾ӵǰӳĬƬ̣漴ıϣĵȴһɹĿ
һվǵˣħ̶֮УַӰ𣬾ַ̤ħ̶ɲǣӱ㵽ˣֱһ̤˹
ַڵͫɨ˾һۣɫ͸֮⣬ֻһӰַЦ£ĮĵҵĶɡ
ħơ˱̫ԼŷƯַǰַֻһʱ̤˹ŷ֮ϣĮĵ֪׻ɱң벻Ҫȥԣһʬ
˵գŷգŹħȥַ뿪ħʱ򣬻Ĺ촫ֻħ̶氼ݣħ̶½һ棬һĻʹͫ£ɫѿ
ô£в̲֮סʵȴһĮħ̶ֶ˲١
һŭ첻ϣħк޼ɱ˸
ɹɱ
Ҳȥ
׼ȥǴǿĮĿڵһǰܹɱɵˣħ̶˽ʱ⣬ħ󷨽һΣħһΣʵȻǹħ壬ֻоɱ
ɹ֮صڣӰۣһεǿһӵĿֲһǰЩɹ߳Ⱥе֪һ緢սȻΪֻʱ䣬Щǿ֮˵ĺܹϵ˶ǺŵõϢģõһ꣬ɹ֮رȻ˿ֲĴսҲ֪սֵˣڤ֮У˴иǿ߸ƱҪ̤ɹսܻ˺ֵز
ַ㵽ʱһףһͳ룬Źʱһֱڹħ壬ҵȻɹ֮أַ㲻˵Է
ȴǴ粽Ľַ㣬ַͷ޶֮ǰκηɡ
ַĿɨ˺ããˣڵͫһĮȻ䣬ĳɫһĨɫ
ҲˣѵҲҪ̤ɹɡַ㿴ԶһϤӰȻǺͳԼŮ⣬ԻһЩ׵ǿߣЩӦǺ֮ˡ
ľҲ̤λڤַ֮ڤʱйһսʱѾλڤ۷徳ʵˣͻƵλڤʵľҲ֮¡
λڤ֮Ϊǰɹδ⻹ЩΣˣɹǿǼΪĿֲսǿɹĨɱ̫ࡣ
绹ǵ̤λڤ֮ɹɡͳҲǷǳģ˵
ףַ㲻Ǹλڤʲñ̤ɹ𣬶ҳ֮ʵƿص֮˱ܣңľŶǣܻǡĿ͸һĨᶨ֮ɫ˽ɱͳַϢѾ֪˾ַɹ֮սΪĿ£ǽäҲһֱʵ˫Ϲ˵۾̺֮⣬Ҳǰַһ̤ɹȴ˽
ͳ죬˴һ̤ɹǱͷźŻϣŵһλ侲˵ͳĬٶԣ˴κҪһɹĶľӢǿߣҾ޶ģ˵ǾţʵĵӣֻҪֲֳǿߣȷ⡣
˵ȵãڣɹ֮صڣɫĹ⻪ٶҫȻȴû˼Žȥڵ˳
ڣмӰͬʱҫֻʱǻԡѪϢ⼸˵ϢǺǿᣬλڤ֮㲻϶ǿߡ
ɹ֮Σʱһżʵֻһ˻Ӧһʱ䣬ڤǿߵţɱɹɫ˿̻սûзֽˣһߣĴжǿߣһߣӦҲڤǿߵġ
˵Ļô϶ΪûеսȥһЩҲֻ˵ѡ
սƣɹ֮طǳˡаʼһӰɹ֮سַĿ˸еĺâս֮ƣǸʺɱ½һȥ
Ƿʵĳŵˡվַԣ䡣
ַֻ漴ڵ̤ɹ֮أڽȥһɲǣһͷ޶йħǿ߶ҳ֣Ը
˵գַŲ̤ɹ֮ضȥȻȴɹ֮ڵϷ֮ʱһâ˸ȻгһλŮӰַԼȴ̤ɹ֮ء
ӽŲһ̤̼併־ԣ˿ַ㲻ˣɱɹҵַ㡣
־£أ
ɹӻӦ־ĿһɹڣĿгŷŭ⣬˵ɱӣһҪɱޡ
пһ£ɫ䣬ȴʲô
־ϵҡͷֻǺһҪɱ
˻عħ塣ӵһɱ⡭


1910 
ַӰһγɹս֮ϣһɲǣ˲оĿ⳯ɹս֮ƣģȻͬ޷žڲɱϾû£ڲɱս
ֻʱַ˸ͬһ㳯ǰУԵ֮صûʲô½ǿߣϾѾڤսڵشҲһֱռݣôζɹռ졣
Ȼ䣬һ⽵ַϣַȻת˫ޱȵĮͫ׳ŶԷһ񣬶ʱʹ˻΢΢£ɫȻ˱䣬漴תȥһĨ˫۾ÿ£·һ۾˵㡣
ַûᣬμǰУʱһɽ֮أƬɽĳط¹ᴩһ޴Ķڣ·ޱȰԵĹɽϵ´͸Ȼַϴͻ֮ʱɵģǶڵĵ׶ˣˮ¶ĳפء
ûˣ˴֮սʹɹĵƶ䶯ˣַҵһ漴㿪ʼһʱıչأɹһʱ䣬׼ȽʵһЩһ·ɱȥոһЩַʵǿɲΪԼѾ޵ɹ֮أϾǵڵʵ޷ģʾ۷ǿߣƱΪ֮ȻԵȴֻ̣ӵʵΪֲֳֵ۱޷Ըˡ
ַȴţЩδˣѾĵˡ
ʱ½֮أսѧԺ˿̵̨˶оһѹ
̨Ժ֮УӶڣ֡ա̨󺦳ȫһˣа
һǰ콣ʻص˽ɽڴ֮ǰͻƴ۾֮һֱչؿޣʥ޽գ콣ǧĥһ޵⣬ƾ޽ۣԷĨɱˣǿƵ콣ʣɽ֮ˣƾ콣ΪµĽɽ֮ЩϼĽɽ¹ڡ
аȻ֪콣ʵģصɽ֮а콣ʵĿе̨֪Ϣʥݣҵ̨
ھŴɹ챤̨һҲһ㣬ɽҹɽַŸֹϸ𣬾Ŵɹ챤̨̩ɽܹҡˡ
̨֮ڣ츳ǿֽʥǱԿƿֲˣȻ˿̵̨ȴһӰ
Եˣֶһɫÿ˵ĺأֲҪʱղܹȫ
˴в̨ˣҵΡء
ʱüϸ̽ǵĶ򣬳˻ͻϮɱ˶ᱦ޹ءڵ
ʦ֣²˵ΡҲ˵˶׷׵ͷ
׷˭κ壬֮ڼǵΪгЩ˶̤λ֮磬Ȼŵļ۷ͬһɽ㣬μֳǿ˵ǣĵ⣬ƺѾҪˣǿԼӡ
ΪͳĻʹ˶һĬȷʵ̨ǵսѧԺˣ̨
мʵǳ£һˣһ˵Ѿܹλ֮ˣΪ˴˴κ̨Լûȥλʣܴܿս̨֮Ͻ̨֮ˣλ֮硣
ֳĬƬ̣漴Ŀ˾ǺǰһһϮɫۣ˫ͱ棬Զ˫֡
Ǳߵѵˣֶžһ
û⣬Ѿһˣܹɱ֮ˡƽ˵⼸̨֮иѵ֮̿£ȫǾġ
˴ε֮ԼҾͺãսҲûʲǫ̂罫ɶŵĳԽȱٵֻһЩʱѣҪģעŶǵİ㡣ֻ˵˶ĬǶףǺֵİο
̨Ѿѷǰ̨ŵ÷ǳྫӢ̨ŵսȻᱻĿսܣǶɻǾ޴ĴͬǺݺݵĿŰǳ
ַˣ̨źһֻӦǾҪַ㿼ǵ˴εս֮С
ą́˵ͷЩ׺ֵ˼ַı޷μӺŵԼˡ

ʥݣһȵѧԺͽ֮գĴѧԺǿ߽ѧԺĿˡ
ʱսѧԺλһĿ֮棬Ųǿ֣߳˶츳ܳʥݵĴӡ
ļˣãļһλĹ˵ֻľС£츳˿ľҪƯ֪ûлΪ¡ʱһĿһλǳŮϣá
ˣһ̤սѧԺĹľ˵ͼҵļǶףò츳ľ޼δİ±ҲǷǷл𣡡
Աһ˫ֻǰ˵
û뵽ļһȻô콾Ůӣ˾ȣңȴӶԣ伧ǽԶ츳ס
˵ǰμսѧԺ˵˽ԶǷǷȻɳΪǣ⻷ֵĿ⣬ʱƽȻȴһĨĸ֮߰ʣ·
ʱԶգһӰӰһϮɫ֣ϴһɴȻ˫¶۾κοһ۵˶޷ٽĿƿ
þ޵Ůӡֻһܳ˿ҲǼʶ֮ˣȻŮӳ֣̲סҡҷ
˵Ŀ׷׳ƬͶȥʱͫȫĿ޷뿪Ƿ·𿴵һʥÿһǣǵ
뷲˼䡣һ˶̾˫۾һ˫֮ҿɴҫֵزȻȴûԸµӡ
ֻ֮䣬˵ĽõתƵ⵽λŮϡ
Ůӵ彵ڿյ֮ϣǹʥ·ȻɣȺо˿˿⣬·˿Ҳ죬ΪȻλʵĿ֮أȻλ֮硣
˴˿жͬһ뷨ӵһҵĹ


1911 ľѿ
˴θλʿ˵Ĳĳһ֮ˣǱذ֮ϵһЩǿߡ
ľҲһԱʱ䣬һΣս̨֮ϲҰףͼǶʹ˼ʹʼһʱĿޣҪôڼ塢ҪôԼȳԼļ
⽫ʱ⣬ǼǻȷܴҲ˵Ѿλʶ˾ͻλʾ磬λһΣƾֶǿʢ꣬һˣ̤Ǳذ֮ϣǵʮϯλֻ˲ʱԣѾǷǳˣǱ˰񣬼Ǳĵذ񣬶һǰʮϯλ
·ͼ֮еһλλǿ߽ſˣľĿһλŮϣãá
ҲôˣͨӦû⡣ľ΢Ц˵
СʵǿӦܹΪͨ˵һԱԱһ΢΢ͷ漴ָͼеһλãŮֻǿһ۱оǳûܹ赲Ĳ±С㻹Ҫ
ľĿҲŮϣͬһӣ֣Χ˵ĿⶼǼŮӵϡ
ߡľһŮЩʱǷǳСģ磬ǰĴڶעŮ˵ʱǷ·һֶ⡣
ҵҪûʸͨˡľֱӳΰṲ̊˹ȥʹȺɫ΢΢һ뵽ľݵλǱֻÿЦ£ŮҪùˣ츳ǳľܡ
ȻûйãǵĿⶸȻ佩ӲĿⶢͼ׵һһо㶼¶˾ɫ
ֻǿ֮صУľ屻ڵϣ·𸲸һ㺮ı˪֮촽΢΢ţɫǳѿǰɴʥӰϷ·һɳʥ֮
˿̵ľз˾޴ĲΣֻоһղű赲ˣȴû뵽˾棬һıʹһμӿ˵ŮӶսʹǣŮƺҪһ
˭ľ˵벻ʥһôһλŮӡ
ŮĿֻƽĿľһۣƽľһɼܵĸоָоԸϣȴʵʵڵĴţ·ԱڶԷУǰôҫۣ˶עսܶһȻ˿ûУŮӳ׵׵·һͨͨ顣
漴ֻŮӽŲ̤Ʈľ֮⣬ع˵ıӰȥѩ֮ˣ
ľʡò츳ȫһֻǿѩŮˣ˿ֻ뵽ѩ֮ˣǰʱѩһ棬ûǰİŮôмƵġ
ǰİŮӽŲ΢΢ͣ£Ȼֻ˲䣬ٶȳǰƮȥľ׵׵ӵˡ
ߵһжϿ֮Ŀţǿ֮з֮жһ޴ĲΣԺжһ뷨츳գƽսѧԺҪһˣ²ҪãսѧԺͻ֪һˡ
ʵҲԤϵ˴οˣŮǿ̤սѧԺЩ𿼺˵˷׷׶Ů·ǿӰﴹߣͬʱľһλμӿ˵ӰŮ˻ܵϢҲͬһ㳯սѧԺɢȥ˲Ż
Ṳ̊սѧԺֻһ£̨̽漴Գ̨ķȥ
̨ۡṲ̊ʱ򣬱̨赲סˣôһλŮͻȻãɵΪ죬ڿգǰȥ
Ҫ̨𣿡΢ЦʵаţŮӺʧɫˣսѧԺʲôʱˣȻ֪
Ůӿһۣ漴ȥеļӰ֮¶һĨ漴ֻŲֱ̤ӳȥ
㡭£תֱӳ븮ۡеİŮӣһоԷûе⣬Ҳûг֣Ǹں档
֡ŮԺ֮У建Ʈ䣬̼䣬Ŀȫϣһɫж˺͸ղһ뷨
˺ĿʱһͣŮӺ΢΢£ԵԳɡ󺦳Ŀжâ漴㿴ŮӻĽϵɴȡ£ʱ·Ƭضʧȥɫʣ·ƬռֻʣĴڡ
Ȼ˹Ůӵ֮о̾һ
Ůˡﶼ̲סо̾һΪĹʺնѾˣǰŮ˾ȻҪޡ
Ůӿ֡ԼԳǺк¶һĨǳǳЦݣǳĲãʹĮ۾΢Щֱˡ
أŮӿʵһĨЦݷ·ֻΪе
ڶȥˡֿŮ֮ҲǳˣϧǼһķڣ˵ҪȥԷһ磬ܷԱ
ŮЦ΢΢һͣƺЩʧ䡣
˰ס°ɣܹˡ
ԣãǼһҲءԳɴֵ˵ͰսǣȻҲսѧԺ
ŮӵȻ飬ֻһȺЩΪϰߣ漴ǳЦҡҡͷһǵѧԺŰɣǸһͺˡ
˵գֽɴϣ漴建ƮȥС󣬶ֻǺĸںڷУֱַ㣬ϲַ֣㲻ڵ£ϰߺô˴һ顣
ӣֻСˡԳЦֵȻҲ˽һԸģҲȥˣսѧԺվǺϢ
˶˭ڹʵ
ַӡֵ˵ʱ΢΢һ漴ЦŵǼһǺø
ںֵĻҲ£ϵɫ죬Ŀ⿴ԵɵŮӣַӣȻȴƽ֪ʲô
Լ֪ˣҪȥϲ˴ֵ˵˷׷׶˵ͷǼŵַ֪ӣǻֳһЩԲԸսѧԺͱ


1912 ֮Լ
ɹ֮أַ磬һɽ֮УһȪħ̶֮ˮڰһɿֲħϢħ̶ַӹħӶħ̶
޹ħطħǿȻҪħ̶ΪַĶԹħһӶᣬңħ̶ħҲаƽħ̶֮С
ʱħ̶֮УַȻһڵħһţ漴̤̼ʧԭأƬַ֮ƬĿռ䣬äϥţȻַȥҲƲ磬ֻãʹùǿ󼸷֣ҲлὫƬռƿ
·Ǹоʲô㣬äԴ΢΢̧˫ն۾Ȼûκεɣַ㣬ƺܹ㡣
ûв´ĻӦһɣģä³һһռ䣬һ磬Ψ磬ܹյ˻ˡ
ַûлشäĻֻǶŽäռ䴦һžäֿˣ㻹ûô𣿡
ֻʱһǿȻ䣬ַԺ֮УһħӰħӰͬһħûɣ֮С
ħ嵱УһħֶΣħ֮꣬ħֶιᴩԷٴžŰʮһħ֮ӡ˾žŰʮһ죬ܹƳһħǳĸӣ˶츳ǿˣħǲ˷ѹȥħġ
ַ޷ʹóħֶΣȻȴһܹ˶ֶΣħֻ꣬ҪħڶԷ֮Уܹ⵽ԷһһֶλûйħӡǺã˹ħǿǲмʹõģȻַ˿ȴڽäϡ
äڵɹ֮أһȥȴħ꣬ʱ̿ӵĶ򡣡ַͬĮ
Ҫʲôäһû˵ܾ£ַҪԺӵƻ֮ҲûоܾʸƿַϣַֻĿġ
һɱսĶ棬Ǳߵĳ߳ȥַ㻺˵ʹýä˫Ϲ˵۾΢΢£ɱսĶܹ⣬ȻΪҪһ߳ȥ
â˸һħ˽äԺ֮Уäûзܿ죬Ժбַħꡣ
ǳȥɡַ㵭˵Ƭ֮ƬɽϿգӰȻַԼä˳֮󣬱ֱ̤ǰȥ⡣
ɹսɻң治ϣʱˣǳùһȺǳһ˹ģľţʱһſֲĻȼţ·ҪƬնԵĻ棬˶С
СӾȻֶΡֻһһаЦ֮⣬漴˫ӡʱһֲĺɫϢԼǿ߲ƶȥɺɫϢ·ܹ˵ڡ
٣һڵĻ泯Ȼͷ˵Ȼȴ˿̣¡¡ֻΧգһֲĹɽĳ·ҪƬռ
˳ȥһŵǿɫӲ⼸ü֮ӡǣսһ˵ˣͨ£ֶηǳࡣ
˵ͷ峯ȥȻȴ֮ϵĹɽϵĳ¿պȻ£ƬضңҪ˶ֵĵһУɱǳµģǺͳűġ
꣡һĳȥȻ䣬ֻоػ谵궯ҡϵĵ𶼷·ڻϨ
һ쳹ԴУ͵Ĳ£ҪԮȻɽԷҲǾӢܹɱϳɾŵܲǿֻ˵ȷʵЩùɾˡ
һԻֱӲԺ֮УĿת漴һ˫аȵ˫ۣ·Ҫ궼ûȥ
ʱ֮УӰХȻֻ˲䣬ӰȥĿ⳯¿
ˣַȻ˳ȥ̤ȥ֮ͫȻ£Ȼ䳯ȥ˫аȵͫ׷·Ҫ͸ַ۾Ȼһ̣һ˫Ϊµ۾ۣ֮˫۾з·һ˲һ
ַһʱһĽٽ͸գ̼˵ԴٶͬѸ͡
äֵַһҲͬˣ⽣Ӱǿ쵽˼޵Ĺ֮ٶȣЩ뵽һλܹ֮˿ĽһǵĹǵͨϹǵ۾ǹٶȡ
ͻı仯ɫһ漴Ŀַ⳯Ǳȥһʧַ㣬ͽä˶˵ңַͽäڳս̨ϵĳĿȥսַ㣬Ѿ֪˦˶Զľ룬ַ㣬׾ٵĽĨɱЩеǿߣ˿̶ڱַ¾ߡ
սûпʼñˣַ彵ϿգĿ⳯
Ϊʲôңַʵƺһֱַ㡣
תһһǵġַ㻰£漴ͽäȥʹĴܸУַûںôһͳĹ
ַͽäһ·սķУûܹ赲ͽäĽŲһ·ϣմȾѪҪɱǵǵС
սеôزɲ⣬µĻȪȻû˸룬Ψһ߾ʬǲŻ׹䵽Ȫ֮УַͽäսûлԼĲĳսһɱȥṳ̂սмޣַ㻹Ҫ¡
֮ԼҪˡʱսйеַ³һΪߣվǴԼ֮սҲ֪ʦܷӦˡ
Ҳͬʱ½֮أַķսѧԺķ򱼸ȥȻҲΪ˸ŵ֮Լ


1913 
֮أʥݣսѧԺƺø֣ǰսѧԺɣ̨һˣǱ˰ս̨֮ϣǿƻ˼ǳţ䶯һʱֶ֮Լ֮󣬽ս֮š
ʱ䣬Ѿ
ǻˡʱսѧԺ֮УȺֻһӰⲽۣ̤֮ʱһɿֲϢȻǼǡ
ŵǿѾ½ֱǱذս̨ȥַ㣬ȴʧ伣֮ãѧԺ¶棬ҿ˴ս̨޷Ӧˣ˴ţǱŸ
˿˵̨ÿЩʱڣͱˣһֱѹ̨档
̨Ͼ̫ˣǰžѾǿˣٷչֻ꣬һ̤λ֮ţ⻹˿ѹûͻƣΪһսǰ̨ˣȫλʾǿߣһ磬Ҫʱֲ̫ˣʮ껹пܡ
ŵ˱ϾҲƲ磬ǵ츳Ϳֲ̨Ҫʱƾ츳һ󾳽磬Ѷȿ֪
ˣѧԺλӣ
ֻһΣͬŮ㣬֪Ǻε˵μӿ֮վͻľľմαչزûгѧԺһι
ľļҹǼǵŮˣâҫۣȻȴһӻܣҪΪͷӣ˺󣬾˵˼仰뿪ˣµǺ䶯һʱ˸п
֮λ˼ýڳ֣Լ̰ɣд˵ѩ֮ˣҲ֪١
սѧԺ֮̽۵⣬ȻǵΪעĿһһ£һΪ̨֮Լ̤սѧԺӰףսѧԺвپž޵ǰȥڨǱ֮ǰҪʶȻȴ˶ӣӡ
̨֮ۡУȫֻطֻ֮üͷƲϵĻӶţظݡ
ǲУҵĵģֳ³ѾһƵˣ˵ΪҵԵʣзǳõǿΪеǣʥ̫ڼǣҪԼĵУ򼴱ΪۣûԼĵҪѹơ
Ĭã漴վѾ˺Լ֮գδܳɵҲҪԼˣʤǰܣԿ컯ˡ
սѧԺǱذս̨˺ãã֪жǰսλʾǿߣҲ׷׵ˣǿս̨ϵԼ̨սȻҪΪսѧԺľӢȻֵǹע
ǵ֮ı㵽ˣʱļǱȵ侲˲٣ֻϥ֮Уգ·Ȼ֮ǹʣȴ޷ڸǣ侲͸һĨĽ죬Ϊǳһսϰܣ£Ŀ
⼧ԽԽˣмķ緶֮󣬺ܿսѧԺһʱս̨ԵĿ̨֮ϣһλɫĳۣҡҷ͸һĨ˵ƣвԶǷвٶλʾ磬Ҳλ֮ˡ
ڣСһɲϲ˽뼧һȽϡԲԶװƽ޳΢Ц˵ͬһЩǿߣΪսɼ˴Լսĺ䶯֮
սѧԺЩɣλµģƩ缧ţսѧԺʵһ˼Ϊ˼ǿʢܶҡɣǿֱӾɵǿԼ壬սѧԺǿɣΪǵ䣬ԶǱеٮٮߡ
֮ˣ޴طţܹӡ֤̽ΪڣǱ壬ͬҲǷ塣
壬壬Ǳߣ÷ϵ֮ˣٶȼΪɼ֮ĲԶ뿪һţ뿪һ壬󣬵ȵ֮ǿʢ̤սѧԺɳɾ͹֮УԪǹĴʼˣ֮أٹ壬ٶɡ
ںս˴ź̨֮սѧԺҲЩ̤۾ĵӲ֪ںδϳں壬̾ѧԺһ̤˴۾磬ͱȽٻѧԺ¶ˣ˵ȥأѧԺ׷ǿĵ·˵۾һǿˣܹɣһȻҲҪںδ
Сһڿ˵ܹǱ֮ˡ΢΢бһƵЦ⡣
ڣɹǷѾ˵忴ǹһĨЦݣɵʵһɱɹ֮ϣ䡢ȡ֮ɹսûгһЩԣɹһЩǰʱձչ
أɴһб֮⣬˵ĸоΪаȡ
ͲŴ˿̣ȺһȻĿȫԶķȥֻһӰ̤ȺӰǳᣬƮݷǷȻ̨֮ˡ
ںҲֻ̨ڿڵսѧԺˣǿ̨߱ǶԣֻˣȻȴѳ֮ƣǸʮʱ䣬سɴƣΪսѧԺһɿֲ
ʮ̫Ϣű󣬿̫ŵӰҪ̨׵ѹȥţɲ̨ѹԼǳţԼŶԣǳ裬ѵ˽⼧ǼһԸô
嵭˵˶ڲ²̨ܷѹһΣȻЩ˵УʵѾۻ𣬿͸˽֣Ǵ֮ǰսֻһЩ½ķҲһִ̼ǰиǿѹȣ츳׿׷ϣǶԣѹҲǶ
ˣϥļȻ˫ͫ״գ·յϢڹһɱѹһεĿֲѹԶ̨˹ȥ
ˣ建վƣһ죬ꡣ
Ҳˡʱ򣬲˵Ŀע⵽һֻһ³Ůأ˶ֱΪӡ
û뵽ӾҲԴ˴սȤ˶֮٣ֻ֪ٳ߶Ҳ˽Ӵ
ԵľĿȻϣһĨѿɫЩûѧԺ¶棬ΪŮӣսѧԺ˶֪ڿ֮ʱŮӻܣòҲûκƣо˶Ů˵ģֻǳŮ˵ķǷ


1914 Ե
̨֮˾λʱһɿֲѹ֮С
ַڣǴһǰһս֮ܣձҪȫһء
ʱԻƽĻӦһ̧ͷһչ⣬ʱˣַ⻯ҲӦûŶԡ
µ񣬾Ҫ𣬼Ȼˣȫſ£ζܡǹ֮սս̨ͬʱսս̨㲻ȥȥǰܣֱһ˻ܹվ棬ǲҡ
ǰԼսǿϢģȻΣս̨֮ϣϢһ̤ȥȥ֮ʱζսܡ
кβҡƽ˵
ˣսɡǻ£ʱӰͬʱ̤֮Ƶս̨֮ϣȻǿߡ
˶ƫļˣѡ̨֮̽˵ʵ˿⼸аһ
Ŀ˸ַԼʱַ֣⻯Ȼ޷üҲˣǰܣַ⻯Ҳ޷
󺦳桢̨䣬ǵһսƽ˵ʱ΢΢ͷŲһֱ̤ս̨֮ϡ
ߵһУʱַ㲢֪⻯ѾʥˣֱսѧԺ
ַıսһ貶ĿĹ֮ҫһӰԴֱӸַ㽫׹Ļ𣬿б£漴μǰʱѾܹսķֽˣǵǵǣ·ƬһΪ
ǵַͽäֱ̤֮䣬ǵü֮âҫദһöӡǡ
ܿȺսپַŽä˵漴˼кХûƬͣսһˣһ˷üĵӡǣȻȫɱַܹԸ˲ˣȻһ֧أûǿ󵽿һеĳ̶ȡ
ߣַǰһĿ⳯˫۾̫֮ͬޱȣ·ܽ˵ȼֱֱַ̤Լä
ַһ³äŭХǰУȻ䣬˫ûκɵͫױһ貵ĹĹ⣬öԷֻо۾Ϲʱä϶һ貶ĿĹͬĹ⣬һնҫضʧɫĹ߽Էֱ漴äм䴩ж쵽˼ޡ
ַ˫ɫͫһ⣬ǽäľٶȣ֮ͷŵʱ̫ˣ˻ǽ㾳ͶԷܴȻ콣٣˭衣
ɱ֮ûһ˲ͣ뿪һ˷ɱȥ
ȻԶкüע⵽ߣһâ漴׷кХΧ֮Ƴַͽäķ
ߡɱһʱʹַɫһͫ׸䣬һ𣬿ֲв˻
ڹȥһ֮Уս֮ʱǶԥѡУԼһɹ
λַ֮ͫױ䣬Žäɱұˣһסˡ
äͷĬϣ˫ʼԽԽ
֮ٶäұ˳˹ȥͬʱߵһֻо֮ХɱȥӰΣҪĻǣʹĽŲȻͣŭХַԼм˳˹ȥþֱӺɱԷһɫĴع޷塣
ǿķַа⣬ٶȲûм죬һץˮûء
⡣Էɫѿʱɫ֮⽫峹׵İס϶ҫĿַ彵٣һȭЯɱֲЮŰԵħʱ촫Էɫ׳ѺۣȻַȴ̲סͫ΢΢£֪ǺֶΣȻ£赲֣˶档
صķóǷܹ˲ʴ˵Ȼǿķͨǿȴ޷ʴԷ壬·˰㣬νĸϵֱַ
ƣֱһһɲֲĸַȫŰʮػһ˲併ڶԷϣϵĳѷȥ·𲻻ḯ㣬ټַ㱾Ŀֲڣ̹ⱬѣַĿֲȭͷŶԷԴ˹ȥûǿֲͨԷԴ׾ٵıѵ
Է֮ͨȻǳ£ȻҲ㣬ڷ֮ʱԼҲɫˣİסֻɱ˹
һɻַȻȻȴâǹѵä峯ʣµһ˹ȥַȻת֮ٶȽɱʹöԷϾɣıäɱµ֮ʵ֮ͬʱӳܸӵĿֲ
ߡַоһǿʢѹʱ񰵲սм֮أʵձҪȱ߽˸ӿֲǿᡣ
𣡡ڴʱһХ֮·Ҫ񷣬һɺصзŰ漴ַ㿴ǰһӰ߱˵ü֮âҫȻҲڤ֮ˡ
顣ַ㿴֮ͫ΢΢һǰ飬ǰַһʵģȻ߳ˣôȻҲ˵֮Ρ
ַ㣬ּˡҲַ㣬ɵͫ΢漴ЦԶһǿ߹ɱǾǿߡ
һɱڤ磬ȴ׼ڤɱַ㣬һɱȥΡֻһֲӡɱȥЦһεǿߣһʱձѣͬʱ˫֮ͫһ֮⣬ԷֻоһİԵѹȹȥεҪ˶շɷ顣
ɱ鱬һȭâƿգһ·һɵȭУ¡һ죬˵ֱըѣ˺ΪƬѪɣʹΧ֮ɫȫһŲȻֹס
飬̤ʵҲ˵⣬Ǻֵַ֮Űʵ
Ե֮Ҳ˵֮ɣΪ죬Ե˫Ϊ֮ˣҪ֮£Ǭ·֮жദ˼ְ֮⣬ʹƬն͸һɰԵѹǿʢ
ȷΪʺ㣬֮ĹǿӵİԵַ΢΢ͷ翣ֻҪԣֵ֮ͳ飬ȻԵ


1915 ӡ
ʱַܣвǿ߻۶ٲȻѳΪһǿַɨͫбһâʱʹЩǿ߾ͷݣΪƽƽΪ˫۾˿£·һܹ˵
ַ㣬֮ôˡڣŲȻ䳯ǰ̤̼һȹİ֮ɨգֻǹѹͷ·ܽѹټϰ鱾ͷǳǿᣬ۷徳ͬԶŵľްֲ
ַͽäҲ˳ȥä˶һ⣬ä죬ҵַ㣬ֻǰһٽƿɱ˳ȥͫɨ֮·һɿµݺɨͬʱ֮пµ촫һûüֱӱںûȵٴγȺ֮еʱȻǸˡ
֮˶ƿ˵⡣ЩϮɱǿɫ΢䣬漴мŭХ֮ǿֲĳԶɢ
ɫһһץԵ֮ѹˣֲѪȻ䱬ѣԷֱըѪҵı
ٶŭХһͬ˰㳯Űɱȥֲ
ƶȻ䳯ǰһץʱһֲֻѪӰ֣צԷס͵һš̼ԷѶ
ǿںͰԼַ˿֮ʱϵɣȻƬսĴǿӰЩХ֮󶼹
Ȼȴڴ˿̣ؼ䶸ȻһϢֱ£ȺɫһԴȻ̧漴㿴֮ϣһ޴ɽɽ֮ϣ͸һɿֲУ¿ֻ֮оһϢѹ
ӿƬս·ĩս١
ǡַͷ΢΢һеµĹɽͬ첻ս彵һɽ֮˰ɣ
ɽɽͬɽǴͷŵĿֲѹ·Ҫ㸲һ磬ɽ֮£ӰתַУɽɽ·һ޴ޱȵĹӡҪһ硣
ӡûԵԸУǴ֮ǿռ֮·Ǿһ֮ӡǳĴ⣬Ҫѹⷽ硣
οкöˡ鶢ѹȶµɽ૵һֻɽ£ֱӳ¿ĻȪ׹ȥĻȪδɽûߣ෴ǹɽȻͬһҶ۰㣬˻Ȫ֮ϣޱȡ
κصһɽ³ַͫ΢΢£𾪣ɽϽٵʱƲȻڻȪ֮ϣȺȴܹɽܴһǱƽģֱָ񷣬ƽһ棬·һµӡǿֲϢȻǴ
˳ߺХǵĿⶼַԼ鼸˵תƵ˹ɽ֮ϣ˵һ⻬ϴĹӡɽڡ
ȥŲȻһ̤̼併ǹɽ⻪ɽڵǰĿֱӹӡ̼䣬һɿֲȻʹð˫ͫб貵Ĺâ漴Ⱥֻҽźݺݵļ̤գԵƥѹ·Ҫɽ㴣ȻȺɸо·ڷƮҡ㣬ڣڼƬ֮һ¡ı֮˳ȥǶѪ
ÿֲӡӡǺεͫ˿ˣҲһĲɽһɽ̵ӡǳֲ
еַŰʵ԰Ϊ޵УҪƾһӡˣ˲ˡ
ޣоʲôһӡ·Ȼɣκһϵ黺˵Ⱥâ˸Ȼ̤ɽǰȻͰһûаֵʱ䳤㱻˿ܴ
ַɫ˸漴ĽŲҲ̤˳ȥɽڵǰ֮䣬ַоһɿֲѹһӡ·ضκһϵӡ˶˽ȥǽƬռ䣬ȫǣµӡϵĺɱ֮ͬеĹӡ㡣
黯ʵʵ飬ǷӵеУַͫ漴屬ˣûмֹһӡ
Ȼ˵ַܿǰǹɽϿգһɹϢܿ콫Ȫ֮ϵĹӡУ΢漴Ⱥֻǹɽʧǵ֮УɵͫȫˣַĿⱬѹ
Ҳ£漴ַ㣬ַֻͫڱ䣬Ųǰһ̤ɱȥ
޴۾˸£漴ЦǿҪɱսһ˾ͷҪɱģַ߹ɽʲôҵģɱȥ
ϺսǰУϺս·͸֮⣬ַ˵峯ǰ˳ȥһ֣ɨգ˸衣
ȻһӰŲͬķλַɱϾ㶼ſµ·ʱҪһ
ǧħٹҫ͵ƿ֮Щڵٽ磬ɱַĿ⳯ǰȥһˣ̼оһɿֲԺ漴ɨûַӰȴûƬ̵ͣ£ǰȥ
Ĺĳ˺ɱŭȼգһأ˫ȭƿգѪȭɱ޾ͬʱһͷֲļ׳Ѫɫ֮Уֱӳһ˳ȥצݺݵһۣһ˵ץñѣͬʱһɰԵ֮ɨ֮˿ɵ
äڰʱͻȻűɱ֮ͬʱֵ
˶սÿֲȺɫӲ·֮ʱʼÿӲַͽäĹǼΣգһֱҪһֱ֮ӵİԵ裬˭ɱ˭
ʱսĳطȻ俪ѣͬһɽ¿չ٣˺ܶǿߵע⣬ǺɽʹùɽȻȴ˿Կµħޣһɱһˣǰ˱ȫɨɱħ޵ʵֲ̫
ֻĿ⳯ս½һȥüͷһĺâ漴ĳҲһȥ֮˸赲ǰеĲɣ˿ɵ
ֵӰȻǹħľ콾ӣѾɹڿŵʱ䣬ֱӴӶ첻սǿһ


1916 ѹƼ
սѧԺǱذս̨֮ϣź̨֮սǳңƶĹ֮£ֻҪ̤ս̨ͱҪܹܲȥʹս̨֮ϣ˫ǿ߽汻ս̨ûмܹõս̨
ʱսѧԺ˶̨֮˵Ľǳ𺳣ʱ䣬ֻ꣬ɱ䣬ǿƴ˳̶ȣЩ˵츳̫ˣҪ֪ŵĺܶǰλһٮٮߣ̨ӣʱŶֻλ۷徳ѣһ󾳽硣
̨֪֮ˣȫʥĻ㲻ôˣǱĿֲ츳ټʥԼִǷ񲻼ϵĳȥ˷Ѱʱ䣬˻ûдĽչ˵ȥˡ
Ⱥ쵰ִսѧԺһЩǿ߽ţǿսɱռǫ̛ǳƵ˵ǵһսģƾǿֲʵλŵǿߣһλǳŽսֱ̨ӽһս̨ս˼Σǿ˸ûл롣
˿̣ս̨ϣǼվ棬ա
ʦ֣⼧ǿȷ˵Ǳ֮ҵԼԵ֮ս֮ʱҪСġʱϢ÷ǳղʹñУշѹѪ׵ı˿ûмսɸоѪڡ
ף㰲ˡ΢΢ͷʾղҪ˵Ŀȴżȥ֮ͫкƳֻ֮⣬һɱķħ֮˸ϵ۶Զսϯ
ַҪų𣿡Į˵һѹֱ̨˶ȻĻ֮ʱֻһӰƮ伧ս̨֮ϣϢϯƬأյУ۳һƬƬѩϵĴ֮Ʈ£ط˪
ţ˵ͫȫһɫİӾ̤ս̨ˣҴʱ䣬طѩս̨⣬·ǳŭ㣬ȺȣѵǺͰгԹ
Ҳ£ź̨֮޹أȥɡ
ɫ΢˸Ҫս̨ڴˣ治ַ㽻
ȻʱˣֱʧԭأƾŲƣٴγֵʱֱڼǰһƮǹ֮ʹüǵԼ˲串һ˪˶ò£һƮƮҪѪ̱ס
˷׷𾪣̨ϵĲֱվŲƣ⼧ǣŸ̤սѧԺõİǿ᣿
Ǳһͼ֮⣬ҫĿޱߣͬʱֲıȻ緢ϯأܵıѩըѱ
ȻֻŮһɿֲĶ֮Ƭգ·𶼱סˣǵ彩·𱻶ס˰㣬ֱ۷ǳŲš
⣡̨֮ϣں͵վĿ¶֮ɫôˣ̨ǵĳԼǿˣ˵Щ˶̤սѧԺʱ⣬ǱҲͬǷǳʵǿʢֲѾʱһˣͬŮѧԺ֮ˣҲƿ˵Ƕ֮
ֵ嶸Ȼͣһ㵵Ŀ飬漴¶һĨЦ⣬û뵽ôֲˣʦ˵ѩѩ磬ȻС磬ǿߣǴӹϵĵ伮еõһЩģȥʵǸ֪ѩʲô壬жǿֱֲŶһȻ￪ʼһ˽⡣
̧ͷʱ̫գҴսôą̃ս֮˰ϸˣſȥʱ
ˣһʹΧ˿˿Ŀת漴㿴ַӰ
⵽֮˺Ȼַ⻯֮ʱһסʥݺ㼱ٳ߱Ȼû뵽սȻѾʼ
顣Ȼַ˺ͼսİӰ֮ϣŮɴһ˳ʣ᲻ϵá
ʦ֣ô£ַźʵּԵĽַ˵һ飬漴ַ˵ͷʦ֣̤Զս̨ұߵս죬ţһս̨Ҫ¡
д⡣ֵ˵ͷ漴ĽŲһս̨̤ȥһλŵǿѾڵȺ
ˣһֻ֮ⶸȻӺֵŶʱѱһŭ̼䱬еĿ·ħ֮⾹ʹöԷͷݺݵһԷĿ⣬ֻоԼҪ뵽ֻ֮Уٲ
ˣһ̤ս̨֮ϣֲֻϯؼ·һµУֻصҪԷû
ħ֮ˣ˿̾ԵԼûʶʲôʱֻһͷԷݺݵĺս̨ȥԼΪԹȴЯֲŭ𣬾е֮ơ
ŲϵȽԷɫ԰ףֻصµУŵǿԺַħƣоڲ
𡭡һֻصû񷣬ŭһ屬ˣת񱼣ֱ̤ս̨񱼶ߣʹȺĿɿڴ
ŵ˿һĻɫ࣬첻ϣֻƽգĿɱޱȡ
ַ⻯̤ͬս̨Ȼֻһ⻯ӵбȻ⻯ɻַַʵϽ⻯ͬоտ̤սֱ̨Ϊ򵥵ֶΣԷݺݵĺս̨ʹöԷĽǶȫѵַϵķ˾ûС
ַĽչҲÿֲ˿ַ˲֣ĿȫһϵǿʢˣҵҲΪֲ
һȺĿ⣬ǺڴստʼΪ֪ʵĿ£ܴȻǱϾҲǾ޵ѧԺ֮ڳ֮𿹺飬սݣһ쳵շѹ飬ȻǶ֮£;ûƾŲƣʼձѹţֱ˿˵ŷֿʹԴϢ
ʵȻô£ܹѹƼǡ𾪣ѵĺһЩһǿѩţ
̨֮սθɣɫѿ˵ǰַܸ㣬գֱһѧԺŮѹҪ³ǿֱѹ˻ȥܡ
ߣ˲ź̨֮Լս̨ݹҵȲս̨֮ϣһλǿ߱˵ѹֲ£ʹͫ΢΢£Ǽǿߣϵ


1917 ַ
ȻʱкüλǿĿⲢûע飬ַ㡣
Լ壬ǵĿַ㣬üͷţǳĲ⣬йһ֮ԵǣֲˣӦɹ֮زŶԣڤ磬˵Ҳͬ˵ʱȴ˿¶ˣܹڤǿߵ˫۾Ϣ·һ۾Ҫ
⵽ǲһˣںаţ޷ȷ
Ŀ⳯Ǻǳ֮ȥͫĮź̨֮£θɡ
һʯ³նһȺֻоĤ죬ֲڶĤ֮С
ʯ죬ϯλһʵֲŵڶǿִһսȺʯ죬аݣʯʵǳ£ϯλζսѧԺʾˣ֪ܿ
Ȼ治𣬺αػҪӦսȡ衣ʱַ俪ڣֻ˸һս̨ƮȥƬ֮󣬽ս̨֮ϣһ̣ϵȶַɨȥ³ַ֣㡣
ˣһֱַ̤ȥ⻷һ·ַȥͬʱһɿµıС
ȻתȻһɶ֮ǿ˳ֻһʱŵס·𶼱ͬʱ˲ϢʧԭأƮѩһ֣ƮӡȻ̼伧ֻо屻һ֮סҪϿһХ֮ͷŵ£Х
ƻϾȻͷųһɿֲ֮Ϣ϶·һʥԣһ̵Ǹ߸ϵŮ
Ӿǿʣܿһ塣˿ʥ֮ԣֻо˷·һŮ㣬Ů·
ˣǺȫѩƬͬʱ屻ɫ԰ףŭ죬Ľ죬ƺ粻һλŮӡ
Ůӣ֪ܳΪˡаݣ츳׿ͬŮ޲£㼧ǰҲҪԲ
ַ㣬һս̨ź̨սδꡣĿתַϣ˵
ûꣿַЦҪôսһսȺս
ʣ֮ˣȺսĮӦ
ãǱȺսַЦ˵գĿ⳯ԵȥֻʱҲ˫ѩ¶һĨõЦ⣬·ҪƮѩҪڻ
ַ㻺ǰ˹ȥϴǰСʱδȥŽ翴飬Ϊ´ŽȻӦ飬Ȼᾡƺȷûַʧˣѩ鱾ŷǷ츳ŽĴʵҲַеο
ţ˿ַ鲻ɵɫһͣô£
ǵĿⶼ۾һĨЦݣǣȴ·ַֻ㣬ַûгֵʱû¶Цݣһֱġ
ַߵߣ˾Ŀע£˫ָ˫磬漴ԴĶͷǰӣȻ˳ޱȣûκεķǵԴһըֻоЩ·ʶǺһؼ⣬飬Ϊλ̨սս̨ϣ
ַֻԺĶͷƿ漴ǣ֣΢ЦɵѾͷôҪҲаǰ˵һȥ㡣
ȻܹҵսѧԺȻаԵʣаһֱ֪ԼսѧԺеġ
»㣬ֱӹˡ˵ʹ˵ԴЩ£ƺʶʲô
ַһۣ漴ǣֳһս̨̤ȥŴ͵ļǵҪȺսô
ɫ࣬Į˳ְæ𣿡
ˣַâɨżǵǣ˵ҵӣˣѵ㼧֮˵ӲǼҵˣ
ӡɫһӣܹܼǵŮһλ˼ַ֮ӣȺоЩϷԡ
ľɫѿĶַ飬ַӣͼǶˣַ裬Ľ죬ֶУоһ󱯰
ɹ֮أַ˵ӰХ˿̵ѾЩǿߣⲽַͫеĮ֮˿ʧӰ٣ȡ֮ǵЦ⣬ܰʱ˼ּ꣬ˣܲġ
ַ㣬ʲô飿Եİ鿴ַеЦоЩɵһä˫ǲûκɡ
ȻǸ֮¡ַ΢Ц˵⻯ʵ໥Ӧõģʱ⻯֮УҲͬ͸ŲõĸɾЦݣɨǵĿȴΪĮ
ʱΪ˵ַ⻯δע⵽ʯӰԼߣ˵ӦҲ˰ɡ
ں΢΢һЦȻʯַָ㡣
Ҳһأڵ
벻ǣһʯĮ˵ʹں¶һĨζЦ⣬漴ǿûйϵ
ʯɫƽں崫һֻɫ˸ƺںͶԷнܹں嶼΢΢һͣ漴ɫһ΢΢˵ͷ
ս̨֮ϣź̨ǿѾۣɿֲƷĳŶԷϯȥȻڴ˿ֻ̣յһǿʢѹȻ£Ȼڡ
ַĿ̧𣬳ȥ¶һĨɻ֮⡣
㣬ַָָ㣬ʹַͫ΢΢£漴建ڿգĮ˵£
ЭˣĨɱսѧԺ֮ˣڶȻ䱬һֻһʱһɿֲַϣַֻ̼о屻һɹɿµĴţɵɫ䣬ŭȵź̨֮ս
ڸģɱڱһһʱַֻоؿڱһɿֲĳУƺһϵƷţǹɳصѹ屬ˡ
ͻֵһĻʹ̨ɫһ䣬ô£
ţ޳ܡĿ⳯յʯȥȴʯ˵̨֮սսɡ
£ʱŵǿ߶֣һȵѹϯֱַķȴȻȻ֮ȻǼǽס
ڲַ̤ǹȵĳҪַϢŭַֻһ޴ޱȵӳʹɫ԰ףһ⻯һַǰ⻯Ȼַ㱾ʵҲвСĽȻǰɸоһԶԷ깥ʱˡ
ˣַ͵ĶֻоҪɢȥ֪ԷǱҪˡ
ʦ֣һսȡַһٶʹԺ·Ҫѿ
ûھַ㣿սȺҲһȻ˵ַ㵱ﵽǺ⣬˵ǷϵȨɱַ㣬ѧԺ


1918 ԭ
Ƭգѩ趯ط˪ӰȻʧԶٶȳ֮ʱֱӱڵǰһʱ֮ϯҪڶ⡣
ߣֻһֶö£ʱһɹĲƵ·һֲֿľʯ𵴶ǧ֮ض
ڱһеԶŵһȺգһִ𵴶Ĳͬɽʯ˳㣬ݿ࣬һжҪɽʯл
ˣԺݺݵһҲ˵⣬ȻͶԷܴһֻ֮о궼ҪǱɴڸǵ¶һĨѪɴȾ
飬ȥַһ̤˫ͫ׻׵֮ӣĳڳȥ·Ҫȫһι֮ϣɺǱڴˣڡ
һ֮⣿ڿַ㣬Ʈˣͬʱһ껯ӣȫַɱ𵴲ݣƬе˶оԴҲ·Ҫ㣬֪ʱַܵжֲ
ɱڱһǧַֻ彥ŤΪ⻯ַηıֹ¡һը죬ȺַֻըѵΪޡ
Ȼ䣬ط·ðȺ̧ͷⲻ˼ı仯˴εź̨սѾǵԤϡ
ŹȻˣĻַͰӹŻûʤ㡣һЩλʵǿܱƽаǵ۾·𶴴һС
津ˡ嶢ڣһϴνɹȻѾˣ幥νǷǳĿֲ
ؼƮѩԽԽ䣬ǵѪϵţһɿµϢڷ·ƬضҪᣬʹΧȺȫ˸Ŀ𾪵Ŀ飬ÿֲ⣬ʱվвȻȴһĿ־֮⡣
üͷ΢ţ飬ŮӹŹ֣ͷ˿µϢ
̨֮һŭޱȣ¶һƷɫֻ֮·˫֮ͫ
Уַ˵Ķԣһսýˣˡҧҧ촽һѪ͸ֻǷָƽгŵ飬оҪǰࡣ
ʵҲʱˮĮӲκο˶ܹоľˣ̲סһƱ֮⣬·Ҳ֮ѩɱ˪
ãַûʱգ鴫һʹݺݵ£漴عͷĿź֡
ղַֻһ⻯ѣѧԺ֮Сֶ˵ַղһ飬ȻףԼܷħپס飬Բʲô顣
ҡֶͷǹɱŽɳЩ漴һɴȾһѪĿģѪ˿ͷǿ£ſ˳
ã˺ַѧԺ֮ǰԲϣκ顣ֶ˵û˵ʲôȻڶˣƮ֮ϡ
ֵĿ֮еڣХһսѧԺÿһսִ̨֮ڰעս̨ϵսѧԺ֮˽Զɱͬӵܣȴִ֮ҪʣսѧԺĹأ˲𣿡
ʱź̨սΪߵıѾֻ̨֮ͣͬңգһŭ͸սѧԺأսѧԺ̨ҲʣѧԺִ֮ˣôĿ˹ȻΥԲս̨֮սɱͬţغڡ
غڣ̨֮֮ŭХвʣһعƬһƬȻɱ
֮УȻһӰڿգɫĳۣĿޱȣɨ¿յĹȺ͸һĨɫһɿֲϢ£ֲ
ֺȻ֣ʱǼŵʯ죬ԲԶ
ЭˣɱսѧԺ˵ӣɱ֮ɫ֮˹ʹͫ΢΢һַЭɱսѧԺˣ
һ֮ʣʱεأ¶ɱֶеĽɫ֮˱ʵ
Ҫ𣿡˵Į³һʹ̨֮ɫһɫǳÿ
һѧԺ棬ʧ֮Իһеɫ۵ִ֮˱俪ڡ
еɱֵͬܣγе𣡡˫ͫ͸ֻ֮⾳ޱȡ
ִ֮˱һЦź̨֮ԼǱذİ񵥣ԻṫƽУ£һᰴսѧԺ£λͲصˡ
˵գִ֮Ӷ̤ȥ
ִ֮ƫ̻ţƾ輧սѧԺĵλ̨һַ㣬ˡа̾һʵΪ磬սѧԺУǱڵĹ磬ûκεطоԵľ
գַ֮ޣǰӱֳ˿µսҲսѧԺӰɣֻǲִ֪֮Ƿȥ
һսѧԺ֮Ŀãк塣˵漴̨֮˵̨֮ˣһȥ
̨ǿϾ㶼͸һ⣬漴˸ͬһ뿪˴̨֮˴Ҵҽ
˽֣ǲûиеκεĸˣ෴һУ޴й㡣
̨֮˼֮Լսߣдһ֮ʹͷһݣŻŹš
ڵӰʯԣƺڵ˵ʲô
ͷټ֮ˣҼһ̨ʩѹ֮ڵɣѧԺңʯĮĿ˵Цŵ˵ͷȻ
Ⱥɢȥжһƶ̨Щͬ飬ַͬ飬ȻڵɱˣѧԺûվΪַͷϧһ
ܿ죬ǵõһ𺳵ϢſʼΪλᷢһС
𺳵ϢǣսѧԺѾʥԼѧԺ֮˹սѧԺμһδ䣬˴δ䣬
֪һϢ֮Ⱥĵһ뷨ǣԭˣַ㣬ΪĵһƷ


1919 ɱ
̨ŵս֮ѧԺһ̨ɳٶ֮սѧԺ˸еһĲǼѾܹſˡ
ǰӣȻַ֮ޣʵ£ܹѹƼǣȻϧַһսδУȴɱò˶˼һλ츳µйɷǲġ
Ⱥڰַ̫̾ϧˣһǿưԵ̬սѧԺ棬ŵϣݶҡ̨Ҫ֮Ŷǳ˵Σ۱ǼҪ֮һַͬʱ֮֮ˣʼսѧԺѹ̨ס̨֮˵ԱߣȴѧԺٶȶ̨˶ɱֵģĻѧԺǱ߾Щ޷ùȥˡ
ɱַ㣬Ҳǽ輧֮ƣ֮ˣѧԺѧԺὫֿڷʯ֮ϣ񣬽˸£ΪһȻӵвһȨµļŴһ˶ѣѧԺЩӰκεĲ
̨ͻȻ䳹׵û˶ǿԼҲףڳȥ»⵽źŵĲпѹ·һ˲սѧԺг׵ʧˡ
˿սѧԺȴʼ֮¶֮󣬼ٶȷʥݣ֮գȴûж˴ԣѧԺѾڵ̼
ֳҫ֣ȴûа˷ܣֿʼһʱıչǱޡ

ɹ֮أַѾɱս˾½ĵؽϣʱһصĶ֮УַϥһɹɿµϢ֮·ʹöΪһƬʥأŶ֮ӶȥʹöɽⰻȻǵطеĲľ
äڶ֮⣬ʱֻԶäʵƻδָ
֪ä˵ʹðΪƣַҲ֪ô£ͻȻܵ˴ˣϢƺЩ˥ҵصĵطʼͼȹָ꣬ơ
ڴʱһɿֲжȻ֣ƬɽϢ̼仯ǿޱȵ֮ʹЩľ˲ήƬȵضһƬɫ޾ɿµĳŶӿȥǶ·ɵħ
漴ֻһӰĴӶ֮߳ƣ˫̺֮ͫĿ˸оһĲı£͸Į·ĮӲ
ַ㣬ô£ǰַʵЩΪַͻȻܴˡ
⻯֮⻯磬ַܴŰ鿪ڵʹðͫһԭˣַ㾹⻯֮˾ȡ
ƻָΣʵ
ãⲻǺܴ󡣡ַûκβ⻯֮ʱǰʱΪչǳ⻯֮ӰСЩǷڵ⻯شˣȻַܹٻָҲ֮йأϢ֮⣬壬꣬ڣһϢһ޸һ֡
ɹʱѲ̫飬кδ㣿ַŰʵ
νأɱͷƺսҲôȤ
Ǿ½֮ˣڤ֮У̤ɹ֮أһ·ɱһͷΪ˻عַʵ˵ҲûбҪʲôˡ
˻ɵɫһ¶һĨ֮ɫ漴ЦȤڤԳһ磬;ŽϾ㾹Ȼڤ֮УȻһǰ½ɡ
Ҳؾַʵ½ǰ壿
ǰҲһܹͨ壬Ĵߣһȡܹ̤֮Ӧ˵ַ΢΢ͷҪʲôȻڴ˿̣¡һ𵴣ɽѣ·ضҪݰ㡣
¡¡Ĺ֮ϣϿľʯȻɽ嵹һɺǿʢħ͸ױȵѹַ̧ͷͫ׻Ȼһ͸ɽʯ϶һӰ񷣬Ȼǹħӡ
׷ɱɹ֮ءַ֮͸գ;˫µħ֮ͫ㣬ֻƽվ֮ϣ͸һѹѹ֮С
ĹħӡǡַаֻӿһХ֮յеľʯϵıըѣбĹɽҲҪĩӺַм䣬һƬʵĳ
ǿħޡ鿪˵Ȼ˿ַͫȴһâյеľӣ˵Ȼ׷ɱͲٻȥˡ
飬äҪʱ䡣ַŰͽä˵
ԡХֱ֮񷣬žӶȥһֻƻޱȵĿצ֮ЮУһžӺɱȥ
ʵ۷֮ð֮ʵӵĿ£ͨĴҲԲǿ
ޱ飬Įޱȣֻ͵һʱһֻ޴ޱߵĹħӡɱħӡͬϹŵħư㣬˸ڿµħԣ̺ħ
Χɽıըѵ˹ನɨƬء
ɱХһ֮ка֮ǿʢշѹȻȴֻԷ·һ޴ħ֣ħֹ⻪ҫĿ·һһȻɣתħ֮⾳˵ײ龹о궯͵ĺ˱ܿ
ÿֲо֮̾Ե𣬰£ȻԷˣӴǣͬһϹŵħͷ㣬·ܹҡ
໡һ֮黯ӴѪڿգ˶ͫžӣޱȿµ
ַ̤󣬴֮ϣһ֮Ϣ壬ıûʧ
֮Уַ֣վ֮ϣŲ΢̤⻷ţͬʱַֻһ̼ķĳ̹
ֻɱɹ֮Ҫ֮У磬̣Ψҷӳ޷÷ľӣ߳ȥ
ַĽŲļ̤֮ϣ·аͬʱ𣬷ܻһ·ݺύ֮ͬ˰ӿУ֯
磬죬ƬضѪ磬ӵѪڷڣ˰ĿԹټϽäһԸսûа취Ը˾ӣǽäоǳĹ֮һθо֮أܹɨƿƺΨйӵ۾С


1920 ħ
鱾ΪѪʵνǿᣬǻΪ֮ٶȱټѪʹƬɽѪ޾Ѫŭ
Ȼӵʵ̫ˣ·಻ǹħǿĵ಻ͬ粻ħ㣬Ͷӵлص
ѣ޴ùħƷ·𽫰Ѫסݺݵһ֮֮ĿĵѪεǿᣬڶԷ֮¾бѵļ
һ˸äĽٶȳˣ죬޾Ŀ죬ȴӿһֱ̧ۣһħӡǰĿռȫǵäĽΨ֮ӡȻȴһֲħӡԺУ岻ɵñˡ
ˣӽŲ¿̤ȥĿȡַڽäͰǲں
ѪŭХֻоϵѪڷ·ҪƿһֻѪɫצӡͷץӻֱһƣǿֲķ½øӵѸ͡
ַ㣡ŭһ¿յַ㣬ֻʱַӰ˴֮ϣ֮ͫ͸գֱӳžӳȥ
ˣӺݺݵĳ¿ռ̤ȥʱһֲĽӡѹȻȴַӰֱ³ŵص׶ȥµĽӡڴ֮ϣ̼رѿȫĩǵص׵ͨǸղַѾͨˣܹ˲ȥȻӵĹ̫£һӸַ֣һֱҲ㲻
ֻӵֱӳ¿ռ̤ȥȻȴʱַ廯⣬˷ٵĳžӳ˹ɫǲ·޶֮ûκܹҡ
һϢ̼佫Χض֣üͷһ壬漴ַʧˣûͣһ̣ӰҲͬʧ
ô£ȴͻȻ䲻ˣֻһ﷭·ַͰ鶼档
ҪȥäߣŰ鿪ڣʹð޴ͫ׶Žä
Ӧа취ä˵ʱַ統Уַ̤֮ϣ建䣬ĿɨһƬأ漴ĮĶֶַҵӣ
ַ˵ͷûз
õһ磿һƲ֪ԼƭˣǵɱַĻ־£ֻǱַ档
ַ㲻ÿɷһŲȻ̤˾޴֮ϣ֮䣬̻Ȼ貵Ĺ⻪һɹɿֲϢûƬأֻһɲǼ䣬ַ;ӵӰȫһƬ֮У޴ޱȵͼ˸ţ·ҪûƬء
ɫһǿ
ƣӺһƣ̼䣬һ޴ĹħӡĺȥȻȴϢûκεĻӦ·Ĺƾʧ˰㡣
ǻ֮󡣡ַгſµ֮⣬漴̫ͼֲ֮֮䣬ƬؼĺХ۹ؼһƬţҪе顣
һɹžӵ壬ʹĿڱˣɿµ޷ֹĻվҪ֮ʴ
ˣӵ峯ϿճȥȻܿ췢֣һƬûֹأΨмԼַ㣬޷ÿռеķˡ
һַ̣Ҳʧ֮Уʱվ󷨵棬Ŀ⿴¿յ󷨣һµĹʹ֮ⲻϵŤ·ʱַܱɫ΢£ӵʵ̫ˣʵټ̵ĸԼ̵εȵǿᣬǾӵƿƣҪ֪֮ûɱȴöǼΪƿģӵȴܹƿ
ң־޷ɾôȥ
ҵҪֶܼáֳַ־޴˱ֳ̫ĳ򣬾ӷĹƬ̣Ȼ䷢һֲ̫֮⳯ʹ͵һն̫֮ҵȻֻǳһ˲ַ㣬һ̱ʧȥټ
ַ磬ֻܶķѷķ룬ټֲпµսȻ˷ϣɻ٣ӵֿʴԼֲʢ֮𣬲ַ㲻ΪսƿصͻϮ޷
󣬾ɸһ֮ɫʱϥ֮У˫ħ֮ͫûյص侲Ʋᱻ棬Լһַ̫ˣû뵽ַܹвʵַʹõ۱κβģȻַ֪㻹бȵ۱µֶΣϵ۱ϵɧŹҪĽ档
ˣӵٶվҪƿ󷨣Ҫ棬Ųһ̤ȻȻһ̣һ޴ĹɽϿչѹ
ɱӱһµĹħ֮ɽȥȻȴֻӡȻһУѹ˹ӡ·һ磬еһжҪٵ
һַ֮㽫ɽߣ漴ٶֳֵ۱֮У˫֮žӡ
ֻҪ̤ɹͲٻȥˣַһҲͬڵڤӵЩˣƾһֲûЯǿʥ۱ǽʦǿ۱ƿɹ֮أͺϾϵܹƬӺɹȡϵȻ˿ַ磬û취Ӵ
ʮ֮󣬰ͽäϢַ㻹ûг֪浽׷ʲô
ʲôŽäʵ
Ȱɡäɫƽַ˾ӵУɣȻַ㲻Ҳӣ˭ַ֪ʲôʱȥ׷ɱھ½һ磬һ˳ȥҲҪپ޴Σ
ڴ˿̣ǹϢڣַӰٶȳǵ֮УϢַ㳹׵ûˡ
ֻʱַޱȣ֮ͬͫĲ
ַ㣬Σһ
ˡַƽ˵һ·һ΢㣬Ȼȴ޷󣬾ɹĪħʹ
ʱħ壬һΰĹ֮⣬˷׷վȺȺǰһλصߣ˷·һħ֮С
䣡ħϿգһ貵ħⶸȻųֲĹͬڵ۾㣬Ⱥ׷̧ͷ漴ֻħֱӳ֮УʹȺǿ߷׷˰Ѻͬʱųµħ⡣
ħۣӳ֮ʱ֮۶δ󣬾ɣħ֣ħӤѵ𣡡Ϊ֮˻˵һǰӵˡ
һ֮ӹдʹ΢΢£Ϊ֮ٶȿڣСȡħ£ħ֮ȫ
ǣڡ˷׷׹漴ֻһ˼ڣҪҪǲΪӸ𣿡
ħɡħ浭Ŀ˵漴Ųһ̤Ӱʧ


1921 ׼ȥ
ħȻȴδ游գȡħ֣Ϊħ
ħ֮ʱħ󣬹ħΪ֮һƺӡ֤һĵʵħҲδùħʧʱ㿪ʼʾǾ½ڤ磬޵㱾͸ߣֱӿԽ磬䡢俪ʼֱ̤֮ħӵõ̤꣬侳磬塣
꣬ħ̤ʾ磬ƿط򣬲ħȫ֮޵Ҳһħʮֱ꣬˵֮ڤУȡ׾ӵλãȻһƺܽţ֪֮һڹħ嵮ûʶħڤôֲĲ
ȻһжǺ󻰡
սѧԺԽ֮Ѿȷʱ˷ã䣬սѧԺ֮УʽΪһʱڶ֮ˡ
֮ƣţٶţʹսѧԺһŵλȹȻһߣ̨ȴôù˵ǳңźεƴټžҲּһѹ̨ѹȵ̨޷Ϣ̤սѧԺ̨ӣȻ⵽ΧˣŰһ٣ȻȴɱϣȻԷҲЩ˼ѧԺǱߣȴѾ̨˴粽С
ǣʼ̨ĵ˳̨ԸΪ̨ӣߣֱ̨뼧Żš
ǣ̨Ժ֮Уһıֻ֮һʯձ÷顣
ţţ̨̫¶ֻԣмλ̨ӻˣѪЩ̨ӣǺȥ½أǼֱ˵粽У⼧źţҪϾ·
ʲǫ̂һʱҲǺ˪˿˿֮⡣
ս̨͸ſҰϢ
սƾʲôսҲ˵ţžܽѹڣϯλƿصܳǰˣȻɱַ㣬ѧԺĮӣмԵУΪҲȨţʲôȥս
˵Ϊȥ̽ĸĿڷ磬֪Ȼ̨Ҫ࣬ϢսѧԺεҪףѧԺҫĵ񽫴ѧԺ֮УǼԺһΪڷл¼
̨ҪͼŻսΪ
Ժ֮е˶һĬռΪѹ֣ƺţǵǱǺܴȫʥټϱ츳ԶԳΪţǣûʱĳһжȻǻ㲻ǿٴ˿̱Ǳѹơ
ַ㲻֪ôˣ𣿡૵һƺЩǼһˣ⻯Ҳ֪ôˡ
ַڣһ޷ܡ̨ƽգ첻ϣ¶ޣȻȴΪ
ʱ֮Уڱأֻ˿ټҿռ䣬ȫǿʢֻ˫ͫ·ҲΪֻأԺ֮зܻš
ҵĵʲôĿеֲֻշ·Ť
ɵܽǸ𣡡ʱĺַ·ʧȥƽӢ侲Ψз֮⣬ħΪʣ񣬲ħγɵ
翡ӰΣ޴׽Ψн֮е򣬷ɳɵԺһֻҪеܣΨпԼ
ֻء磬ֻ֮򷨣ֻطҪɵҲΪֻأֻ֣ر䣬򷨽롢ֻءֵͫ䵽˼£˫֮أǰĿռ·Ť
ֻؽ٣ֻصȻ䣬ַ·ʲô㣬漴ֻ建£ϣ֮УֻʼϿ֮أֻУ漴¿նҪС
˾أɻδ̫ѡ
ַ򡢼ǽǿߵĵеСջ츳ǿΪֲˣ۷徳磬ɹ֮ɵ
ɹ֮أַǱ˷֣ɱɾȻȴδȥսٶҵֱ֮һ֮ڽַٶһħѣͬʱһħ̶Уħ󷨵ڶν壬֮ʹ࣬Щ
ħ󷨼İԵħ˶׽壬Щһ󾳽֮УҲֻǽΣǰھһΡھһΡھһΣǾǵȾɾ޵λڤ֮Ρλڤ֮Ρλڤ֮ŴΡ
νʱǿĲֲħ󷨺ܿܽȻַŶħѣٶǿӲ˿˵ڶħ壬ѶĴħ١ħ壬ټ֮ǰŭַ֮Ѿﵽλ۷ǿȣҲζţͨλ۷徳ǿ߶ȫһ޷ҡˣλʵʹǿ󹥻ܶ
ַ˶Ի󣬵ȴԵûԶԶΪսԶ׷ͬ磬ɱλʶԸûκε壬ɱλҲͬ̽ȡĵǵ֮ΪȻԺٶȲϱǿĻܹӿֲܵġ
ʱַ˳һʱѾٽǸ߳ȥˡ
˵Ӱͬ㼲ۣѡٵĵطǰУһ֣֮ƺɱģΧˣϾ׼ɹս˶׼ȥˣ֪жǿߣһģȺǿҲԵֿ
ÿٶȣʱĳֻһɫ΢£¶һĨɫ鼮Ǳȥâҫʹͫ΢΢һŭһ֮ˣôĵӡ
һ˲ˣܿ죬˷ַǵټʼַ׷ɱȥ
Ȼַ˶Ǽ۶ߣͣڣһٶȿ£׷ַǵӰ
ɱַȻתͫһµʱɫڣ漴һ貵Ĺ֮ҫֱӱ䡣
⼸ֻ˲ϢɣһָȻͻأ޵֮ɱͷʹоѪ漴˻һѪ⣬֮λǿ䣬ʹú󷽵һ󵨺ٶȷ·𶼽


1922 
ַ㡢顢äɵ̫£ַƿ̼֮֮ɨأѪ츳ſµѪʹڵѪѣڽäٶȣµĿ죬ɱֻ˲Ϣ֮䡣
֮ʱܹǺεȵĿ£Ƕδƿص֮ǿ߶ԣֻҪ֮Ǳɵġ
ǿʢǲûʹ׷˼٣෴ǵĹУԽԽǿ߳ˣַͫз·֮ƻ֮ʱںӾ񷣬ûĺ֮С
¡Ӱǰһ˿̤һɿֲĳشƹ
𣡡һõѪɱնҪѣַںӣǶֱûڣǿǰǿɢҵķֲڵϵĸλƺڵȴʲô㣬ַ˹ҵ˳ȥĵطžˡ
ˡַ³һӰ徹ȻˣԶȥ̼˳ɱعȻȴûκεܣֱӳǰɱ˹ȥ֮˿ɵܿǵӰʧ
ڿգַʧӰȥк˸Ȼַ㼸˵ʵҲûȥ׷ɹҪΪһʱˣǿ߶׼뿪ɹģûбҪȥ׷ɱַǡ
ַһ·ɱһƫƧ֮أ漴ûٳֹѾ˳֮أֻҪȴʱ䵽ˡ
һڵˣ½һߣɹĳ֮أ֮г˾Ž֮⣬ɫ˿֮ϣŷ֣Ŵͬ򣬶ңɫ˿ߣ֯һ޴壬ȻǾ̫֮
Ȼһںڤ粻ͬڤֻһڣĳƺоŸͨͬĵطŸڣÿһڶ˲ǿߣ֮֮ʱһӰڿգžڳ˹ȥ̤ɹ
֮ԶӰɱ֮˿裬ɱʵǿ
ӡǣսһ˵ˣǺôĵӣҪʲôͫ΢΢£ֻ˷ֱڣһӰڿգȻȴؼȫǿֲѪ⣬һͷͷҰѪգɱǰȥȺһȫоѪҪѣͬʱԵѹϣ·ʱ
ǿˣɱǡһȺͬʱֻХһ廯֮ʹȺɫһͷޡ
ǵĹɱһһͨȴ֮Х֮Ҫ˵ѡ
һɫĺ˹޾֮Ⱥ˲ûʱֻʣ±ʬ壬̼㱻˺ѳһȱ
ַֻͽä̤ڰϣȺм۹貵Ĺ֮ͺڰâߵһжǵԵȺ˱ܿĶм伲۶ݵ˲嵽Ƭء
ȥַͫڣӴֱӳϿյĽɫ⻪˹ȥʹ޲һ⼸Ƿ𣬾ȻһҪȥ
֮ϿɹڣһƬյĿռ䣬λʮ֮ǵ֮أƬռƿ֮ˣȻ½ѧԺ
ʱһӰһͷǿʢʹǿͫ΢΢£ĿɨһͷǿʢѪ
ûر壬Ȼ䣬һɹǿϢϣֻһվԶɽ֮ϵ߹ʵ֮壬
ǴսһмӰַ֮˳ɹַǵü֮ӡѾʧһ޶
ɱַȻת֮ȥ̼оʴ漴äĹ֮ˣ˲ɱ
һĻʹƬռ䶸Ȼ䰲ȺһǣĿ𺳣⼸˺ò˵˵ʵǿ
ҵ磬Ӷڤ֮أȴҪߡӰһĨԵ֮⣬Զɽе΢΢ͷ漴ڵ֮ˣɡ
ߡַ³һ֣漴˵գֱӳƬؾ֮ȥܿʧ˵֮УȻһ㲨Ȼȴɲǲ׺һڣܿ콫ᱻȻǽǰ֮أܿǼ˶һȻ޲
ʱ½ʥݣ֮ѶҫݣΪʥݵǿļ֮һ꣬һߣҲеҫˣңڼ֮ǰ硢֮ˣһǿߣǰһۣҲʹʥݱһЩ壬ȻǻӵģңһҲ˴˻һ嫵ʥݣжˡ
ϾЩʥݵĴѧԺУһЩǳ
ѧԺĳٶȷǳĿ£̤뵽ʥ֮󣬱Ծ˵츳ѧԺзٵĳɳѧԺѧԺ˲ǿ̤λ֮磬֮󣬳ɾƣѾѧԺֿȵʵɲ⣬˵ܳΪ֮ѧԺڶ֮ˡ
һʱλ̤λ֮¼ҲΪ֪˶ԣпܳΪڶصĳ
˳⣬ʥĴѧԺһЩʺмˣŽĽ塢ӡȣɳǷǳ£
ѩ壬ͬһǳ֣ЩʾĺΪǿߡ
񣬼伴ҲЩһѪüԼʥݵ츳֮ڼǰһ˶¶ڴ֮⣬ʱʥһãȻǳʰɣ˶ۣЩʲô鷢Щżײһ£ǱӵȤˡ


1923 
ʥݣ֮УһҳŷĳսѧԺķǰС
ŷ֮ϣӰһ͸ŰԵ֮⣬Ѫɫۣ˵ĳһǿʢԵϢһǣնûκεɣ·һϹӰ㣬һΪ£ʵжǿֻ˫Զͫſֲ֮⣬·˫񣬱ܰ˵
սѧԺǡšʱַб̨裬˳ޣҪѪ
ȻʱֻǰһӰⲽһϯӢһɺȻ֮ڴ˿̣ƺоһ֮ɵüͷ΢΢һĿ⳯ȥ漴㿴˹ŷƮĿڹŷ֮ϵǵӰ֮ʱɵ£漴ݵһĨЦ⡣
ַ㡣Īϧ̤û뵽ַ㡣
е֮⻺ֻĪϧѾַڵĹŷ֮ϣüʵַ㣬䣬ô֮⡣
żȻ̤ڤڣڤһ⣬ɹ֮ػַӦ˵ʹþĪϧɫһַ㾹Ӵеڤңͨɹ֮ض
ڤԳһ磬ǴδȥĪϧЦ£漴ַļߣַ㣬ĵҲʱ򣬽ռ֮ˣͬʱϣʥһܹһۣʱ֣ɣǿȥʥݵһ֮ʵΡ
磿ַһƺâңȻǼǵļ塣
ͬսѧԺļ䣬ѧԺΪơֻΪҫڼ֮ǰ֮ԼһҿҪһҲǼҪʥݵһҵļΰɡ
Īϧ²漴ַ㣬һʶ֮˳ʵչЩ£̤λʾ磬ѳ֮Һа壬ûôֲĽչ
ľĪϧΪλ֮аҲǣǳȴԵЩֲ˦һ磬ٶЩˡ
ַɫһһֱоأɲ⣬޷ĥǰŶһֱǷǳ͵һˣ˽Ȼȴֻһʱ˴λʵλʾĿԽ
Ǳǰһ˰ɣĪϧ·ַ¶һĨЦ⣬֮漴һӣʱֻһףͼǿǶϵģȻȥңȻñݡ
Сڻ𣿡ַžĪϧʵ
ãһڤЩµϾڤǲ칬Īϧ̾һַļڰο칬ʼҺҩɹΪ£ؾĪϧЩھΡ
˲ӭĿֲԶǵ·͸ʱգػŵ£ǵʵԽԽǿȻȴҲעʧȥеණ׷Ĵ۰ɡ
äɲǣǽһ䣬ûκ˻ע⵽ôһ۾ǿ˵ıӰ¶һĨЦ⣬ֵһվ·ܹоǵĸ飬ַ˹ϵȻǱѰŻᶼ˵⡣
磬ȻǿʱļǿޱȵݻԺ䣬洦ɼһ꿡Ͼ͸ŷǷʣΪһǵƶżֵĹ°֮С
ǺľҲȺ֮УңƺΪݣдȺľߣš
֮УӰ̤ʱ̧Ŀ⣬ȥ
بѧԺ˫ܣ־Ϊǿᣬһսǿʵʥݻʰ֮ϣλеʮһʮλ
ʱһ֮˶Ĥ֮Уʹò˸˼ȤʥݵĻʰǽʥ֪ʵʾǿУĴѧԺټЩǿûмѧԺܹʰʮλɼʵӹɵġ
˫¶һĨЦ⣬ɨ¿յһۣ漴νڵأȺ֮С
ȻǸ֮󣬺󷽣һӰ̤
ѧԺаŽˣʣ츳ܹ֮ǵٶȴһ̧̣ͷ˵аǻʰϵȻŽˡ壬ͷ㹻ˣûʰֻʱδѣһϯ֮ء
⼧ңʥݵһٮٮߵ˽аһ˵Էܹ
аһ𣬶δ²ܵʹаĿ⳯ײպºһսӡĽ棬δֳʤĶ²ܣϢӿ£֮ţ֪жǿӡ⻷֡
ѧԺŶᣬ쾭Լʥ⣬ʰʮλ
һ˵Ŀȫ˹ȥȺ̤Ӱɫ΢£δͻʰϵսѱʰʮλǶʵĿ϶ʰ鹹ʱȻʰȷΪûʵʵսֻʰУֻейԻս֮󣬲ܽʰŲʰ֮ϣʰսۣʰʵ˵ʰʱ׼ЩǿϣԼܶڻʰ֮ϡ
ѧԺʣ澭
һȥֻһ͸֮Ȼǻ
ѩ꣬ѩѩ
£ӰһһŮӼΪĿŮͬѩһ͸һɱ֮С
ѩ֮˹Ȼþޣ졣˿òа̾
ڤڤӾĪϧڤʡ
⻰֮ʱȺȥֻ̤һвϵãڤڤӾĪϧȻˣȴΪİǾûмңƺ
ֵˣһֻλʾ磬ȴСʺ䣬˶ǷǳΣգλʾ֮ˣһϹӣ޺κεвˣҲǷǳµһϢȣΪǿʢ͸һɰԵ֮ʣ˷ǳ
˴ַˣΪ죬˸ɫȻûϵã͸ŹŹ֣ǺڤӾĪϧһ


1924 Դ
ַĿɨһۣܹоЩϷǷʣ磬֮
ڤڤӣ⼸λڤ𣿡ʱֻһ˿ʵַ˵Щ档
Īϧ΢΢ͷȺ֮Уа֮̾˹ȻǷ绹δʼôǿߡ
ڤѣ⡣Ŀ⳯žĪϧԼַ΢΢ͷȻַ㿴ĿȴżĮȻʹü΢΢üַ۾䣬ַΪͣҲüƽʲôкˡ
½˽٣ʥݵһҪôǻʰǿߡҪôǱ֮һʱʹƬռԽԽ֡
ߵԺоۼǿߣԺǰĴ棬ۼһЩֻ˿̣һҵǿ̤΢ЦλʥݵܹҼңǼңҼλǰΪƣȻҼＧ˾֪ʥǶǼҫҲҼҫҺٶһơ
˵˻ԿȻȴԣԷԵȷΪ棬ʥݽ֪ơ
ˣ˷λǰֻ뿴ʥݵӢжεҴ󵨽žۼ֮һʣȻδ֮Ϊ⼧ǿߺԼĿģ˿ڵңҪʥݵж˵Ǻֵ⡣
λ˵˵ԼĿ̸ԼĵԸڳκд⣬ŶԷҲܾǿߺڣֻһ翪ʼڷУ뻮һʱǿߴһӣˬЦλ֮Ҳñţ
Ⱥľ磬ʱ׷ϯض֮еһЩҲƷ磬ҲҪʥʢ
λ볩ԡǼǿλ˾ٱǳ
˷׷׾ٱ֮һ漴ֻһ˿˵ʥݣ֮ӢܣȴҼ䣬Ψһ˷ɣʰһˣ֮֮ƽһһйܷ֮Ϊ
֮δ̫ϣɷλлʰһˣȻǲΪĵΪʾ۷ʵټϸֶͨΣɳΪʵһˡֻһ³֮˻ڣ΢΢һڣҺвС࣬Ȼ֮ԵУǧ򻯣⻯໥תһսͬǧͬս
Ӱ£ʱһɵ̼䣬Ⱥֻо֮أǧûӰģ壬ս
ǧ֮ȷ˵áҵǿǳǳһЦ˵֮˾Ʊ˸һɫƽٶԡ
ǧ֮һͳЦ֮ƺ͸һֻһɫӵͷĵֱ֮ǧȫѣ֮Ҳ
ǧ֮Ŀ⳯ͫһâ
а£ʰǰʮǿߣĵ˳Ϊʴǳаһֵ⣬ܹʳһѪ꣬ǳ¡ĪϧԵַ˵ַ΢΢ͷвδɫǶʥݵһЩһ
Ȼǧ֮¶ŭݣҲҽսа£Ҳʰǰʮϯλ
ʰ֮ϵǿߣжַžĪϧһ
֪ģǰʮλԶ֮ˣҴΪʾĶˣҲн֮ˣа£ٮٮߡĪϧַ˵ַ΢΢ͷʰʥݵʾǿĴѧԺѾԼǿУʰǰζʥݵ۷ʵҲʮ
ȻҲһЩǻδ̤λʱ˵⣬еʰ棬Ҳǳδϻʰ񡣡
֮ˣ츳׿ȷǶˣʥʾʮ֮ϡ
ҼǿǰǷҲе⣬ΪˣֽҲôа˵Ŀ⿴Ǽǿߡ
һֱ۵ȻаҪԵҸۡһ֮ƮȺֻоؼ䶸Ȼһɱ֮ѹضҪҪһ磬һһӰȻǼ䡣
֮£˵ɱһ磬֪Ǽ١а»˵漴վ̼䣬һɿֲĻɫ֮ȫǿµĻɫպƶС
һɿµĻɫ籩żϯȥȻǽټܵĻɫ⣬ͻأı޷֡
а֣ĵ⣬ƺ·Ļ£һɿµıͬХ֮ϯĻɫȫаɫһͣ¶һĨ֮ЦǷ䡣
˵գ㻺£Ŀֲ⣬̼ʧΡ
֮ɫ΢ǧ֮оʹõ⻯ǧҲҪʴһɢ𣬸޷֮
żҲ⣬˫˭档ֻȺһ˵˵
ǣսѧԺս𣡡ڴʱһĮʹüͼͫһĿ⳯ĳһλȥ漴ֻаһղŵĻǴ³
λ֮ϵļɫһɫΪÿսܣһΰַܸ㣬ڶΰַܸ֮ޣȷĳ衣
аҪһ𣿡Į˵
а̧ͷǵĮΪ۵֮ȻǿҪǿˣǿǿǺͼһ֮ȫ֮ѹǿ֮һѹƶ֮ɡ
ɫ˼֣а֮⣬˵˲УԵ
վŲ̤аĮ˵аִͽ̡
ˣսز飬ʱ㣬㲻ˡаͫ͸һâĿⶼаϣĪŽĽ壬Ҳ֮ɡ
а֮˵սѧԺź̨һսűѹƣŲ֣ǿ߶Ը̨ǻսѧԺ⼧ңа˼֮£Σ˰ɡĪϧӿ˵һһʱʹüɫһ߷ߡ
սѧԺ飬ڳҲţĪϧаȻҲ֪ģַ֪δַ֮Уδ


1925 
а;ĪϧĻЦĪϧڤڤӣڤ壬аǹŽˣǽ壬һ輧ǣ˵Ķǰ÷һ飬ңҲԶ԰ɡ
аֺڤҪͽ̣ɿڣʤս֣ǿѹЩעͫĮɨаԼĪϧϡ
ĪϧĿ⿴Եַ㣬֮£ַ⻯ĨַҪЩʲôܾġ
սѧԺһ´޳սν֮ͬа˵ǿǿǷϵʱַͷ˵ʱȺĿⶸȻ÷ַ˹ǼԼǣһ˸˿ԣ֮Ƿϵ
ԲѷֻһӰȻȴǶλ֮ϵǿߺֹ
ɫ΢Ųͣ¡
ҼҼλǰҪʥ֮صԵ֮˽֮۵Ҽ֮Ҳ޲ɡǿٶȿڣ˻ȥȻеâַӶ
λڤѵİĺܣ̳һ壿ԪڣĿ⿴ַ㣬ɫƽ
żǰڤӹһۣŹ֮ǼΪûʸڴ˵أȥַƽüԪи߿һۣһλʾ֮ǰˣй֮ġ
ǿͣҲֻͣǸ˵֮Ϊϵν⣿
֮ǿǿܱ֮ǴƣͬһֻΪŰ޵ֿ֮Ƿϵʲôַ㵭Į˵˫ȭ죬һ֮˵аʴ֮ұ֮ǰ㲻һѵҲǷϵɡ
Բ֮δԹʵԪҲ˵һ
ԹʵַЦŰ飬⼧Σı֮жǿ
áˬĻӦһ漴Ų̤彵ա
Ҳ֡żǹ˵ʹüɫѿ޹ء
˵գڿգ֮䣬ͫױ䣬ŰȥͬʱЯ糯ǰŭХ¡һ죬ֻƻӡŰ˹ȥµı
䣡ǵıͷţȻȴоԼһ֮ϣֻ˺˶Էֲ͵Ȼûа취ҡԷǹͭɫĽ׳
ŭһʱһİԵ֮ټϣʹƺһ屻˳ȥ۵һֱ³һѪɫ԰ס
ǿʢϢѪʢ£Ҳ֮ӿ£ҵܼǵⲻǿ㽻֣˵ʲôĿһ֮⣬Ű飬ʵǳǿʰǰʮ⻹ֻģҲǿ
䷢㣬ҲĿ˸飬֪˺ηʥ
ˣҲԸϱ֮Ϊϵ֮Сַ˵һĿ⿴ż䣬һǿʢսȻҲܹоǿ
飬ղַŰ鴫һŽսصַλ¡
ĿַϣƽĿڵ˵֮ΪϵǺε·ۣ
̸Ҳաַ㵭ĻӦһ
һ̤ʱһɿֲַʱɫѿѾܲסԼģ֮սܣѾ֮Ĳȣ裬
λʾ֮ˣҲԵ֮ܣھ֣࣬㹥Σǹ˵ʹַȻ̧𣬳żȥ漴¶һĨ֮⣺ȷ
ҡ
졣ż߳һǵĻѾܴܵ죬ȻûּͣױＤŭҡַ㿴ͨȻԤϡ
ַ¶һĨ֮⣬ǣսѧԺ˳Ϊ˶ӣΪսѧԺսܵĵ΢ʵԼԸѲ֪˶ٴΣŻۣ㼧Ϊ֮ˣ֮ܣվ⣬ΪԼʸ񣿡
ǵȻûַ˵ô츳ѾǷǳˣȻַĻ·һħ㣬뼧ǵԺУĴʹ˵ʹĵطټϼһȣʱɫ΢ЩŤ
ääͣΪ൱㣬Ҳһֵ⣬иõϰߣ֣ȻҲҪñ˺һΪϹӣǣɷȤĵ
ַָԵĽäڣǵڽäϣɫ۾ûаɡ
ʤ㵱ΣǶַ
ʤٶԸңҲ޶ַ㵭ĮĵȻäǴϹ۾ңְɣ
ܣ۾ҪҲաڿգͼڹ֣һɿµϢٰܸһͬ磬粻Уħ޷
ַ˵äѾ˳ȥֱӳ˼ǡ
ɱǱһгֲֿսһŵŽäȻɱȥ
һҫĿ֮ⶸȻţ졢µĿ죬һ֮£սٵĹŵӲäӹŵг˼ǡ
ٶȡȺȻŹâͫҲ⣬˿죬죬Σա
ȻҲû뵽äĵǹ⣬һеĹ⣬һǿĹЩӦ
䣡˫ƿ˳֮ĳŽä˹ȥһжҪȻʱäδͷţкοɱ֮ء
͡Ȼ䣬һڼǵţ۾һ̵̱ñˣԺ˶ݵĿհףַ㱻ä˹ʱҲЩäܣʱַʵѾǷǳ£ɼäɱһжֲ
һҽȺֻǵ˫ųһĨѪ⣬ʹ˵ͷ΢΢£ͼҵɫȫһȻĿһĻ
äҲˣȻӼǵĹڴϹ۾ʱ㱻ñˣ³˼ѪֻоѪҺ
ַ㵱Ȼ֪äܣҲ˵˵ʵи˽⣬ǵ־ңȻäǷǳݵĽɫ侲ǿµģⷴҪлϹӣŻͽä侲ĮȻ


1926 
Ǳ֮һʹóսַ㵭˵һһ·ֱӴ͸˼ǵĶĤԺ֮УϵĻص
۾ַſͷɢˣ·ͬӰ㣬ŭһ峯ַ˹ȥ
ַûжվǣַ㣬ĿҲַ㼸ˣȻڼǼַǰ֮ʱȻһɿֲ֮⽵ϣһӡ·ֱӳԺ֮Уһ֮ɫҡ
ַһȭɱ걻֮⸲ǣ˵ַĹ¡һ죬ݺݵı˳ȥɫһ漴ĽŲַ̤һ֮䣬һǿʢֲı·ҪĨƬء
ˣŲǰһ̤ԵĵϯգͱռײΧľըѵȺ׷ˣµĿǰ֣ôоǳżҶġ
һףǡַ㵭˵漴ڿգäθϣĮɨ˼һۣ漴˼תȥ
˫͸űɱ⣬·Ҫ͸գȻȴԪƽĵˣõдһ٣ʱı֣ʧ
վ΢΢һվԵľоһƺ⣬ǹʥ壬һǿҲ٣ͼǣֱϵһǷȥλͬΣѾǺͼǶµġ
Ҳǡа;ĪϧҲûм£˸ȥ۵֮磬Ĳɢ
䣬ѧԺ׼һ°ɣ㲻ٹˡԪż˵΢΢ͷһۼǣ̾һ
սѧԺһɣ˶ڵȴżʱжô֣صʱǿưɡ
Ȼ̨ɷǳѹ֣Ǽźûзɶ̨ƺ⣬ǰ̨߳սѧԺ⵽һȺǿΧˣ˼߹ǣʱ̨̨͸Ź⣬ʵʦֱչػûг𣿡
΢΢ͷ̨㲻ó嶯
ѵһӹѧԺ֮У뿪սѧԺ̨͸ź⡣
˳ǵ⡣а̨Ļڵѳ̨ºܿ⵽ĻԵ׷ɱΪı뿪ѧԺ
а˵ûźţҪԼ뿪սѧԺʱһɫһϲֻ̤ϵϢ·˼ֱ仯˫ͫƱøӵɲˡ
ǸΣ̨źֵ
̣ȴʱâ
ʲôʱʱ
֮վʱһɫ΢£ȥֻӰ̤üͷ΢΢£漴ַֻһӣ˲һס
ַ㣡ͫ΢΢£ַ㣬ڻˡ
ַ㣬û°ɣֶַʵַ⻯٣Ҳ֪Ƿܵ˴ˡ
ָˡַ˵ͷߵȺǰҶ֪ˣգһüź֮ˣծ
ַĻüͷ΢΢£֮գѧԺȻǳӣַ£ǻ㡣
ַ㣬źŵʵǿ֮ڣǳ˵ټϷļ䣬Ǹûʤ㡣Ϊ侲ַ㿪ڵ
ҲҪһʤֻҪ輧֮գսѧԺ̬ȣźţܴܲսѧԺַһâĮ
ãȻô˵㣬һ֪ͨҸĸʲô飬ҲӦһ˵ͷǿַ㣬ַ㣬׼ô
ַ˵ͷֲٶԣټֵ̨ܰɣ⼸죬ҪͼԼŵ˷κεײ
ַŰ飬ʲô㣿
ʱûʲô㣬ȸʥɡѵĵ
ҲãǱס¡ַ˵ͷٺðͽä漴뿪ߣס֮ء
ڷ֮гһɺ⣬·Ҫ㣬Ȼڴ˿̣Ȼſһâշ·𶼶ˡ
顣һϤĶĤУʹ΢΢һ漴һӰֱŶ룬Ȼ˼ɵˡ
ĺ·̼߽⣬дһĨõЦݣʹķ̼ůůҲַС
ʱַҲû˰ĮΨ飬һߡ
㻹áʵȻĻδ£㱻ֱַѹȥɵ÷˷ۣŽߵף¶һĨɫ˿еıѩӾ¶飬֪жôʡ
˵ַõЦţô飬ʹҲЦˣ˾ô໥ŶԷǱ˪⣬ɱ֮ģ·ڽڻһȫԺ
㻹ôַȥᣬ·»ŪŮ㣬˽Ľһ飬·ҪΪһ塣
һϢǵƬ֮ǵ嶼ʧ硣

֮У鿴ǰһϤ׶סˣ漴ϲĿַ㣬ַ㣬ôģ
ҵ磬ǵ硣ַ΢ЦСųСŹֱۣ㡣
СšСŵԴ漴ǰסĸס
κɺֺ˵ͷ飬ǵȻǸ˵ģֻ۾ϵ˸ţֺϵӽ㣬Ҳģô֪
˵Ļʱ˶Ц˵Դɩӡ
ɩӣ£漴ַ㣬磬Уʵ׷ŮҲô
ûûСַһۣ˶Ѿʮˡ
һڣǳģЩַһֱ֮Уֻһ⻯棬ֱ֮٣սѧԺڱǿߣ׷״ӸرսѧԺ
ʥʢһգţҫ˴η֮ˣǼ֮
̨ôİ·ѾսѧԺʧ˰㣬ˣź̨ڵۡ


1927 ȼյĻ
սѧԺѧԺһͬһ̨ʱ̨ΧǿƼԶǰ֮ˡ
ֻʱ̨ϣվһսѧԺǰһԶɲ⣬䣬վ֮λãʱ֣ܷڣѧԺ˵֮Ѿˮ֮еķʯ֮ϣֻûּ¼ƺսѧԺȽֿ£չͣٽ¼ϡ
һգսѧԺط·øĿտ˻Ծֻɢļ·ϣˣǰ˷̨Ǳߣܷ֮ҫʥݣֻԻʱ̣ҲἤǵѪڴгһգҲܷհٹ⡣
Ȼʱ̨ȴǿ߻ַۣ㡢ֵ̨ӡа顢äˣȫڡ
׼𣿡ַĿ⿴ˣַ㣬һﻹ󰡣Ǽ֮գսѧԺ֮˼ȫǰ˷̨Ǳߣ̨ԶһЩŵǿԼ֮ˣڻǣǡ
̨صĵ˵ͷһ̫ˣһֱһɶ
ַ㣬δЩˣ󺦳ַʵʱĿⶼַ㣬ȷĹؼ˴θҪôЩˡ
ȫϵţɱ⡣ַͫһĺâʹͷ΢ȫϵɱַҪˡ
ʱ֮ۡУһۡǼŵˣһۡŵˣרŸѹ̨ǵĿģҪ̨ѹȵ뿪սѧԺĻǱ˳ºˣˣǼǶ̨ľٶ
֪жǿｵ٣Ѫڰɣǵãӣʱһ˵Ŀ̨ĸۡǳƵһڣֻһ˫ֻؿڣɢпǽ֮ϣ̨ѾŰòҳȥˣ֪кοɼӵġ
̨ȺҲü֮˼ɵˣڳַ֣㣬̨ѹƵģ֪Ÿʲôô
ţȻڴʱֻһ˿ڵȵȣ
ôˣһüͷ΢΢ţ˵ֻ˳ǰŬŬ죬ʱĿҲ̨ۡȥ̼䣬Ҳ漴Ц̨Ҫʲô
ƺ
ߣѵǻҶǲɡĿĮ漴ֻ̨ļʮλǿ߹Ϸ·һɷ
վסʱŵһ˱һһҲۡе
̨֮ˣҪʲô
ַվǰһɷȻѹǵϣǵ΢΢Щ䣬ڣһ˵ĽŲʼˣƺʶ̨ƺЩԾ
ԼʲôսѧԺǸҶų֣ؽܵпıһǿߴȳȻһַ̣һ˫֮֮䣬ֻо·٣˲仯֮ɫһɹ֮⿪ʼʴ壬λʾǿߣվַǰ̫ˡ
ˣ˴һ漴̨˻ĳǰ̤һɿֲɷ˫ȷ·Ҫѹſ¡
𣡡̨һŭ˳ȥʨХյз·һʨ˺棬·ʧϣԷѣ漴ƺһ³һѪ̨Ѿǰᵽ֮С
һȣ̨Ŀֲȭͷɱ̼һ¡Ĺ֮ڵȫ嵱е÷飬ͬҶĳԶȥһĻʹһɫҰ
ͬʱڸۡУظۡĲ˿ʼ½˸Ŀȫһ
̨ҪսѧԺôһַ֮ͫױ䵽˼¡
սѧԺ̨֮˸оһЦǽ̨ȵҲ棬̨񷴻ͳ棿
𣡡һµŭХ޴ĸۡʼըش˵صǿ߷׷ױѣȫ̤˳ʱһɿֲϢһˣλʾ磬ǽǿ֮ˡ
̨Ѱ·λǿĮ˵ǰַ㿴˫֮ͫ׵Ȼ䱬һ͸ԷԺ
㡭ңɫ԰ףַ㣬ÿ¡
ˣַֻŲ̤˳ȥˣһɹϢŵ⣬˵ϣλʵǿ߾Ȼ˵ֿоֿֿ
ַ㣬Ȼûʱһ˺
ַ㡣һҲɫӲλǿͷݺݵһַѾǰǹ
ɱ̨֮һͬǰɨַһֲӡɱλǿɫ԰ףѵ̧ƣͬһı֮ôֱ࣬۴ѣ漴ӡؿڣݻڵһС
ɨڱһ̨֮˶ԣ̫ˣһߵսҽΧΪȺŵ˿ߵ඼΢΢鴤˿ʼԶȥȥ֪ͨźŵǿ߹̨ˣǲҪĽɱ
ص˱Ͳ̨࣬ɨ֮£ܿȫ˵ϣۡҲ׵ı飬һƬҵ̨Ŀڵĸ֮ۡʱЩͷݺݵĲ£Զ˹ȥֻѾ˸΢΢˿б䣬̨ɣսѧԺȴ治֮£źͼŵĻԵıɣʱ򼴱ѧԺҲ˵ʲôˡ
ԶһЩΪ˲δȥǵĿ⿴ߵʱ򣬾㶼ɫ¡
̨ˣڸʲô
Һ񿴵ַ㣬ôû
̨ŵ˳ˣѹôʱ䣬źͼſŰҪķ˰ɡ
Ⱥһ漴ֻ̨֮˽Ųֱ̤ڵۡȥʹüŵһͷţˣ඼ŵǿߣ̨࣬ڵƣԵֿ
̨֮ˣ˷ɱ⣬ӴսѧԺ̨Զһıֻ֮λλʾǿ߹̤һλǼ̫ǿߣ˶ŵǿߣңǷϵ
ڼ֮˿̨ˣ


1928 Įɱ
̨Ȼ𷴿ŵȫŰɱϵźͼţһɽ̨׵ĴսѧԺĨټϽռ֮ƣѧԺǱ˵ʲô
λλʾǿߣ죬̨ͬһż֮֮عһɿֲɱϯƬռ䣬ԶȫĿͶսѧԺ֮Уս̨֮ϣȻǿҵĳͻˡ
̨˵ˣǱλλʾǿҲˣַ㣬ֻһ˱˵㾹Ȼû
ģһ⻯ַĮȻ˵ЦȻˣǽվһΡ
̨֮ˣѧԺбԴͬţҷ֮ˣЩսѧԺо񼫣ɱٲ˹֤źţ̨ѧԺ̫ƽ
ֻλǿ߹˵һ̨֮ˣɱ⣡
䣡һɿֲɱ׵ı˳ŵǿ߷׷ֲ̤ϯա
ɱ
̨֮ˣһͨĺɱһλλǿߵ̤һգ̼һɿֲɫӡշѹƬػûâؼĹ̼䳯ַ̨֮£
𣡡̨ХһһʨͺɱŶգӡ죬а֮أԷĹ·һ飬äĽʣ֮ƣֵĽŲؼֻس֣޾Ĺ·ֻ֮Уûʧ
һ̵ײƬȫǿֲڷŰλǿֱַ̤㣬ɫĴӡֱӿɱ͸ſֲС
ַȭͷ˳ȥֻһȭ̼ɫӡըѣʹöԷͫ΢£漴ַֻŲ̤
һءͷɽ⣬ޱȣȻڴ˿ַ̣ͫףһ˫ͫףͫз·һ֮ԺУʹһ˲仯˻ɫ漴֮֮˲ʧȥɣֻһ˲䣬·׹˵㡣
ô˿¡ַ۾һ˫۾µ̶ֳȣ֮
͡͡Դ֮Ľ漴ֻԴըѣһɹ֮建ĳ¿׹ȥһ̣ɫ˲ò԰һλλʾǿߣַɱˣ
ֽŲɳǰֻ֮صȺϣ̼䣬һǿӰֻоԼֻ֮УʹҪ⾳
漴һޱߵֻط·޵ģȴʹЩֻоԼĻǶ˽ȥ뵽ֻ֮УǵĿôͣǵ壬ʼ¿׹䣬
ֻءλʵǿɫ׵ıˣ֣˵ַ㣬ɱһλλʣǶַ֪ģäаĽôĿ죬һ⡢һ·Ϲ֮ʱа֮䣬ä֮٣˭ǰҲҪһɱ֮
̶̵ɲǼ䣬ŵǿ߲ϵ䣬һβǷϵɱ
ַϹӽͣÿ£̨ǷˡԶȺͫ˾޴ĲΣôǫ̃ͷǵŭ𣬿ʼ˷ĽɱжңжȫǷ񲻼ƺġ
ַŲҲǰ̤֮һӰֱӱûᣬ峯¿׹䣬˿ɵܿ죬֮Уֻʣλλʾǿ߻ţȻʱҲûʱſƣ嶼ʼ־壬ǵԺ
̨ΪͻȻ˵Ŀ¡
ߣȻ䳯ȥȻ̼ǸоеϯʹǽŲһͣͷţʼֿ֮ȻǵȻַַ֮֮ӡУǵ궼
̼䣬ַĽŲ̤˹ƽһ˵ԴסʱĲţǷϵ˿̣Ȼ˵ĴԵòһ
һ˵Ҳȫſ־֮⣬ѾǷǳĵ⣬ڵĵûô¡
ҲǱַץŵǿ߿ֻŵ˵ȻȴַƺݺݵĳԴ˹ȥ¡һ죬峹׵ըѣַУΨ
⻯顢̨ѹȵ˵زϾɱղŻҪɱ⣬һ䲻͹ô
ɱַͫףΨбɱ֮⡣
·ǰšַһ˱³һ֮·ַֻҪһͷ
á˵˵ͷǰ̤ŵķȥ
ų֮֮̋أλñ̫ˣٲһ޴ɸ㣬Ȼʱȴ࣬˶ǰ̨ǱȥˣЩʣ֮˵ܵɷ֮ʱ㶼ͷһ̧ͷգ漴ͫȫǣ̨ˡ
ӽҲ뿴Ŵڡַ漴һʱ֮кһɽ¿պȥŵɸ֮У¡¡Ĺ֮ŵ˶˸ߣ˳ŷ̨ķȥ
ڤ飬ǡַŲ̤Щǰ̨֮׷ȥ̼֮併ںϣʹ˽ŲȻֹס漴һХ֮¡һ죬һɿֲʼŰȻֻһ˲䣬ַ˱̤Щǰ̨׷ȥ
̨˿ڹڴڽţͷϣһڣȥֻ󣬾ͼҫĿޱߣ·֮ںӦͬһ¡
䣬ڹڷҪǣУʱȿʯԺ¼дΪڹ֮˻ڣͷѧԺ֮ʯ֮ϣؽ
ã·ҵǿߺȲһ˷׷׵ϲ׹أģռǻҪӵġ
Ȼȴƫƫ˲ӡ
ֻԶһӰҶ߿񱼡
̨ҡ³漴ֻһӰȻ̤ǰ˵䣬ݵ롣
̨֮ˣɱţŻ˿˵һһӰ̨ѧԺɱɱͬţźͼ֮ˣࡣ
ӰʹƬնȻ䰲֮գսѧԺڲȻֳôһ˸оȤ˶¶˿ֵ̬
ڣһɱ⣬̨֮ˣɱţ


1929 ַ
ԶֻһӰХʹȺͫ΢΢£ɱ
̨ѧԺкͬš̨֮׷ɱ֮ŭ˵̨ϣЩսѧԺһҲ¶⣬䣬ȺսѧԺڲȻ֮¡
ȥסǡһ˵˵
ǹֻһ߳˵ʱ˽Ųͣ£ֻƬ̨֮֮ߡ
̨֮һɷХǰȺ嫣Ŀǫ̈̄ϣ͸գֱַϣ
֮˵˴ɹ֮أֳսѧԺȴɱȻԵΣʱٶȳ֡
äԼʱͫ׻Ȼһޱȵ⣬ٿַ֮ʱƺ뵽ʲô
ڽŲַ̤ǰԶһɹɱɨͬ㽵̨ϡ
㾹ûڱԵһλλǿ֣߳ɷЮſֲѹͬһŷݺݵѹַ˵ϡ
ҷ䣬սѧԺкͬţȫɱֻһ̨֮֮Ŀ⿴ˣͫĮսִ̨֮ˣǴˡ
̨
ִ֮ˣҲִźŲк̨ʱ۾Ϲġ̨ȣʱɫ࣬ŷ̨ϵһλ߿ڵ棬ִЩ̨ͽȫɱѧԺ֮硣
ȻʱĿȴĿǰǰһ˫۾һֱ˫۾ˣַ㣬֮ͫ⣬λʾΪȴоһɲ֮⡣
㿪ڽͣû㹻ɣսѧԺ֮磬˭Ҳǡ˵ַɫƽҽЯ̨֮ˣѧԺ֮ʱǰһսѧԺսѧԺ֮ѧԺǷ֮˻߲֮ѧԺ
սѧԺӢκ˽пܳΪߣȻ֮ѧԺǲ֮ѧԺ
գ̨ս̨֮Ϲƽսڳ֣⻯ɱսѧԺᣬɱִ֮֮˻ҸɱǺ⣿ַƽ˵ʹüͷ΢壬Ŀִ֮⳯˿ȥʵд£
ִ֮ͷ΢ַһ⣬漴ڵ棬ɹ֮أЭһ֮ˣԿҷţɱսѧԺˣѧԺβ
üͷһ壬漴ַ㣬ΪսѧԺ֮ˣսѧԺɹȻѧԺǿһɱУȴɱսѧԺˣȷ
ҷǴսѧԺ̤ɹ֮ءַ㿴棬ƽ˵һԵɺϣڤ֮У֪ɹͨҪ̤ɹ֮أҪؾ½½սڤ֮һɱڤ֮УȻҲǾɱ¾棬Ҹ
ɫһڤ磬Χ˶һɹ֮Ǻδңڤ磿
ˣ
ǰ˵ûΪУҺ֮УΥѧԺ򣬽ҹƽս߱ɱͬţִ֮˲ȥֹԵɣҵ֪Ϊ𣿡ַĿ⿴̨ϣɫͫ׸侲䣬Ⱥۻۣѡʱ䣬ʱЩ˼ҪˣһЩСҲ޴ѧԺϲҲЩһ޻˵뿪սѧԺ˵棬սѧԺܵɱǡ
ΪΣ
ΪλȻҡβ֮ūΪųִִ֣֮ʣսѧԺǼһ֮ѧԺַʹȺ¶һĨȤɫľ飬ﶼ⣬ѧԺҲһûоԵĹƽ츳һС
Ĭ£Ŀִ֮⳯˱ɨһۣһ˿ַ㣬ʵдȻ˲кͬţһﲻ⡣
ƨ̨һִʱ³һսѧԺ
Ļ£Ŀ׷׳źȥĿޱȡ
ִ֮˱һ棬Щ̨֮˲кͬţѧԺѧԺ
սѧԺ뿪𡣡ĮĵʱһȻֵĻѾڱѧԺˣŵ֮⡣
ɫÿ˶˵棬˵ѧԺ
ҲһҵȼѧԺΪΣֿʵ
ʵ
˵ûսѧԺѧԺΪʵѣν裬ѧԺΣǱδѧԺȻսִ̨֮󣬼źţ̨һһһ̤ѧԺ벽ºֶŰ֮Ϊģ̨սѧԺһѧԺǵΪӦǻʲô˼ʱ֮ą̃ӻ֮Уʽ򣬸һ̨֮ˣѧԺ̨֮֮ˣֵֵʵʹʼĩ
̨սѧԺִ֮дȻˣʵΪûоԹƽսѧԺˣطҲˣǿ滺ڣʱΧ˶Цˣͷ˵ֱӣ˵˱ʣûʵûأ̨ȻܼӰ졣
Դǡַֻڣ΢΢ʹȺȤ
ַ̧ͷ棬ǿƴѧԺִˣ̨޿ѧԺִ̨ΨԼִ𣬷֮ˣ֮ˡ
ַĻ¶һĨЦ⣬̨ͼŶԹҿˡûУһˡ̨źţٶ̨սѧԺҲø棬㣬ǹ𣿡
ϺꡣɫһƻĿⶼַϣһ̨֮ˣԼԼĽš
һжԹ̨֮սַ̨սһַۡ΢΢˵һ̣Ⱥϵ΢΢һ
ţֲֻô䣬ɱ
ģɱ⻯˻û㣬ֻҪԸ̨㣬ԸţַۡĿ⳯ȥͫ׺˼¡
ţҲҼһԱ̨ϣȺɫһĪǼҲҪֲɣ
ַĿ⻺ת˼ϣЦǼҲҪ޳ٲһŶԸ̨Щˣ̨һ¾ǣ֮ѧԺ޼ɣ㼧ѣ츳ҲѧԺ˷飬ѧԺ֮ܣ


1930 ɱ
츳ҲѧԺ˷飬ѧԺ֮ܣַĻص֮Уʹͫ΢£ĿȤĶַ㣬һôĿ䶼˵ѧԺ֮ܡ
ֵ̨ܣսѧԺǵʥݣ֮ãʱΪ඼λ֮磬ѾżзǱʣʰڶôȥ䷽ѣ츳治ôз䡣
ַ㵭˵һֻ֮źǿ߷׷׼̤նɱȡ
ԲѡһĮֻ֮ʯ棬Ȼ̨֮սȫ
棬̨̫
ɫƽˣ漴ڵãշ䣬սѧԺԸսܲȫΪ̨֤ԼŽսۡ
һɱҪ̨
ʵȻǼţҲ̨ܺ棬൱м޷ԸţλλʾǿλʣǵҪַ㣬ƾʲô˿
һӰڿգʱһɿ񱩵ĿֲƬռŰȺţ̨֮Եõƣ޷ԼȽϣλʾˣֻһ˶ѡ
飬㲢սѧԺ֮˰ɣĿڰϣȻ֡
ôȵķ֮ˡַһɨ䣬һЦ£漴ˣżҲ롣
Ȼóַķ̣Ȼʵ̫ǿ룬ϣַ㣬ɹ֮ؼַʵͷǳûڤǿʹӲ̫ǿʵӦѹ
һäȴٿˣäλʾѡ
ɱڰգ³һ̼䣬ޱȵϢϯ̨Ⱥѹȶȥ
𣡡̨һϣΣһص˳ĽŲ̤˳ȥ
壬ʱؼֿµ̫̫֮֮£ϣֻڵǰһ̫֮͵ĳǰնɱض
ƮŲ̤һֻ֡
֡аŽäڵä΢΢ͷ岢˳ȥˡ
ַħٹ̼䣬һٽ̤ĽŲŭХɱ޾֮κ˶Ҫˡ
ɱֻһ˴ַͷϿɱɫľ޶͸ſֲѹֱַ̧һƣ¡һ޶ըѣַȭâڶԷϣ̼öԷըѣǿ˫
˫ӡ̼ϺսЯµ֮ǰշѹ¡¡Ĺ֮֮ݲ˽
ǿΧͫһѹַ˿̨֮˵Ум˵ʵÿ£ֻأˣӵַֻ֮ԼʵԲ˵Ĺ·ܿ£ɱ񣬻һ·äа̫ˣɱʱûκһܹסǵһ
źŵǿߣȻ䣬ھԱѹƵ״̬
ˣֻһλλǿַ߳ſֲϢһŭХʱһڤצַץҪĨɱĻǡ
ַһâ̼һ֮ɱ֮걻ʹǿɫһȻһӰʹ˷·ͬһڤ㣬ȻĿ죬ͬõĹһ
ַŲ϶Ȼ⻷˲ϢַǰצֱӳַԴץȥʹַоڤʴԺа㡣
֮˳ͫ׺ɱͬԷԺУ֮ӡ¡
ַһȭɱ¡һ죬Է峹ĳԩ˵ʵó깥ַû֮ȻܴԷǯơ
Ȼ˱ɱ֮һλλǿɱһκ˰Я·һٲ
ַƻӶĺӿֱ֣û̼ʣһʬ塣
ͨ
һַ㾹ȻҲƿ˵ȷʵпıǮ
â¶ȺսˣЩ̨һм츳Ƕģȼ
ֻ֮֮֮⣬ⶼǺĵ֮аһĿⲻɨһִ֮ˣʹöԷͷ΢ִ֮Ҳͬľ̨֮˱ֳĿսʵΪ磬ַһǴ˭ҲȲǣΨǿʵ츳ܵõأҪսѧԺ㣬ҪⱾǮַǣչ¶ǵıǮԣǷǳΣյһ顣
ִ֮˿˿亹Ŀ⿴ڣڻڣЩ̨֮˱ɣȻѾŵǿսۣҪһ׵ĻգףЩλλ֮ˣĳǳͺģߵһز֪¾˶ٵսһõ·Լѡģʵˡ
ڽŲ̤֮䣬һɿֲĺѹַϡ
ܳɳһǲףȻգɱɡַ֮ͬĶĤ֮УʹַЦҪӰԺ
ַŲ̤֮֮ͫĹ˳ʹ궯ɫһǿҵĵ⡣
ˣһֻ֮Уһӣذַ·𱻹С
Ѿλ۷ַ֮츳ǿɿϧˡ̾Ϣ˵ַֻֻо꣬·Ҫ㡣
Ϣַ֮꣬ͬʱһƿֲ֮ϯɱһƹӶȥ
һ飬ַֻ̤ǰͫеԽԽ͸ڵͫס
һ𣬹ٶȱѣַ̤һ̼һͬ󺣰Хϯأַ֮һƬţ֮
ɱڱһǧշ·ҪըѣԶ֮˶оԼڶַͬо𶯲ݣȻеôļͣգأڣһ
һӷı飬·𱻽ַԽԽˣ֮ͫ׷·͸ڵԴ棬ͬ˳Х
ĵ̫ˡַһ³ʱǧ֮·ڵԺ죬֮ȫӿڣʹɫ䣬ɫںס
Ҫַ͸գڵԺݺᣬһӡĽʴŭһȻȺȴɫһַѾ̤뵽ڵǰԶһɻϯûأҲûڵӰ


1931 ֮
ӡںûڵ壬ҲûȺĺںӣֻоķ޴ĲΡ
Ҫ̶ַԼԴǲ֮ٶȷǿҲԼжӡ֤ԼĻĺںӽûȺźں֮ʱֻһڣ
Ĺ֮ںӳ¿չ䣬漴⽥ɢ֮Уһĳ¿׹ȥްȻǸˡ
ڣϯλ䣬ս
ɱˣַ㣬ǱͰ˰
һƬ嫵Ŀռ·𶼳źŵˣҲĨɱɾˣ̨һźŴѹɣַ֮󷢳ǵŭ𣬶ңڼһգ̨ǰձڼһ˵ҫ֮գȻ˿̣Ƿ֮ˣԡĹ⻷·ַ̨֮˵ǿƶԵòô財
ŵɫǳѿļţ̫⣬źǳţǷˣţҲҪսѧԺһսڼ䣬·Ⱥ֮еģڼŶԣ޷Ĩȥĳ衣
˵Ŀ⳯ķ˹ȥ̨ϣЩսѧԺǿɫܹƽźŵ˼ȻⲢܶҡǵģȻšơѹ̨ȴ̨ƾʵĨȥǵܣп磬עǳ˵ַСнһ˿ߣ᳹׵ıûǻѡĴۣǣַʤˣսʤ˻ԻǿƣɵõЩ˵ӣƽ֮£Ҳ˲СĲӿλʾ磬ʹӦλΪȴڻǿĨɱˡ
ַ㵱Ȼְص֮ûѡʱսǣķ䣬ʱǵٹ⣬ӮѧԺأһս̨Ϸ֮£ʱܻٴݡ
һ˵촫ڵʬ˵ϣַ֮ͫĮȻɨʬһۣƽĵʯ죬죬㲻Ҳ𣡡
һƽ֮Уʹ˵ͫٶ£ȫżǿеһȥ
ˣŵڶˣʯ졣
һգʯڵĶԻŵڵĳ֣Ļվŵˣʯ졣
ʯ쿴ַ˫֮ͫףֻоɫһʬ壬ľ΢΢£ȻûԤϵַǿƵֶι̨˳˷ս̨֮ϡ
ˣâҫַֻƳӡȥ̼䣬һ޴ĽɫֳյУŶĿĹʣսѧԺ
ȻΪʯ׼
ʯλзϯλȻ֮֮ʵҲ൱ǿַ̫࣬ڵĨɱȴ𺳵ģǳǿƣʯһ
аȣԸղַĨɱڱֳĿսǰ˶սҪѹַ㣬ΨмԳֲܹ
ҼҼսѧԺ֮գȺۻۣսѧԺ˸ڴ֮˺֣ǷЩ˹ءһ˵֮ˣǼ֮ˣҵǿࡣ
ԪҲȺ֮УʱַĿ͸ź⣬Ȼַ֪˭ŰͽäҾ֮ˣΪʢļ񼸺ǰˣ۾ϹΣȻǵģȴҲزǰˣѾħ޷߳Ϊһķˡ
ʱ˿ַ̣ٶȳַ֣䣬ἧٹ⣬Ӽ֮ˡ
мҷѧԺѧԺĹأǷ˹أսѧԺʱҪָָˡĮ͸żƵζȺĿ⿴һλǿߣŽаղŵĻǴ³
սѧԺ£ʱֵŽ֮˲㡣Ԫɫ磬аһ仰νǸĺݣҪսѧԺ顣
ȻսѧԺ飬ǣֵַܣѧԺַսѧԺ飬㼧ҲַһȺ֮ˣǷʧ緶ˣЩ󱲼飬ΪҲֵģҸ߿ˡ
֮أǿƣʥһԣ֮ͨ£ֺ֮£ˣ㼧ǱäϹңҲûжԽäǳ֣ǵĵλ᧿ΣǷǳп飬ǿӦе֧֣Ȼܷȡ࣬ҪԼȥƴһֱڼշ֮У޷Ϊģ⣬ҲԼȥȥ
ˣŽýаһ߳ԼҪߵ·
żѹֵַ̨⻯ַսСô㼧ҲҪˡһοڵǾĪϧȺ۱ΪŽԼڤڤӵа;ĪϧȻ
ŽĽ塢ڤĲڤ壬ԽȤˡ˼а;Īϧ棬ɵ¶Ȥɫ
û뵽ַһҲ˵̨֮˽ΪӢаεŽѾܾûгֽˣоĪϧҲǺʣǶֵַܣַ㱾ʵ츳Բѷ塣
֮Ȼû뵽־棬ƽһҼԲսѧԺ飬ȻǼ֮Ǽ֮գţƻķ䣬ԻԼϣҲҪҼҲ֡
⼧ңڰʾ֣жԸַɡ
Ǽ֣ǿ󣬿¼ַ˵ԵֿҪǿշѹɱϾʵ̫ǿˣϵб䶯Ψһ֮ϯλһգʵ֪ʥݻʰڶ֮⣬֮棬ַҲС
Ⱥа뵽Ŀַ㣬ȴʱַ˫ĮĻɫ֮˼ҵȺͻȻ䣬˫֮¶һĨ̵Ц
ʥ弧ң꣬ڼǿ󣬼֮ǰǿ۵Ȼóֵʾ󱲣Ҳֻмһˣʵ޷ף㼧ұֳưӺζַλΪ磬ǶԸ㼧ҵͬжɱ٣Ųţ
ַƽĻʹüǿߵЦȫϣַĻȻʥ弧ҶԣһĪ裬ǹʥ壬츳󶼷ǳڣвĴѧԺ֮Уַ˵ͬ磬ж٣ɱ٣Ĳпڣ˶ףַ˵Ļʵַԣͬ磬ַܹɨˡ


1932 ǿ
Ӳ񡣡Ԫвټҵһǿߣʱ϶ͷſֲĺ⣬ϯͬХգַ㣬ĴַϾ¡¡Ĺ죬ʹַŵĳԼڷϵķš
ȻַȴȻ֮ͫǱĮĿһۣǸһĨ֮⣬漴ٶȿʯ졣
ʯ죬̨֮սַ⻯ŵĺôַ㱾ع飬ˣôһַӶҽӡ̨ǰ̤һʯ˵
ŵڶˣǸǿثֶѡҲ˵һʹʯɫòϡ
ܲһսַ˵һɿ֮ϢŲȻ䳯ʯһ̤ղ¡
ʯֻоһ֮ɫһ֮âޱȣַҪǿкһս
̫ˡ
ʱһĮֻ䱳ŵͼ֮⻷һ̤˵һֲı֮ʹط·ǰ·Ҫ㣬˫貵ͬ¡
ߡһ֮һɿޱȵϯգֹΧֻ֮оĤҪѣֻһѪɫ۵Ӱ̤һѪƣֲİɽ֮Ƴǹɱ֮ȥ
ţͫ΢ֻһӰֱȥȻַһİ顣
ǿѪ壬죬ȺɫһǷ֣뼧ʵǿ
Ŀһֲı֮ɱ֮ҪҲҪٵ
ĵǿȴ˵ĵҪܹѹƶԷ
ɫ΢Ͱ鶼ŶԷ̤Ƭռ·Ҫ̮㣬ޱȡ
ɱһŭ֮ţʱͷŰշѹȥ
𣡡һХǹɰԵ֮ƿµ˼£Ʒ·ڷȭâ䣬һѪŭХ裬Ѫײһȫըѱ
ǿɫһֻ˫ۻۣ֮۳֣ǿʢޱȵС
ˣһ̤ÿһʹձ㣬ؼ𣬱֮ûκܹ赲ǵǰģ㶼Ҫٵ
ͷţǹвϵţĵĵǿʢ٣ޣǳֱֲ۽ĸۣ漴壬Ҳĳ֮ڣһȺ֮УѪɫ͸޾İԵУȺ顣
ѵǿ𣡡ֻо𺳣ַһʶһЩﶼÿֲŽĽ塢ڤĲڤ壬ֳһɱ¾İԵѪ
ھκ˵˳˵ڿֲײ㣬ն·Ҫըѵ
õһӼ³ôǿƣͼ֮ҫޱߣѹŰǰС
޴ͫ׳ɱ⣬ż䣬սѧԺķȻȻȴХһƬضѪûٶȹǰ˳ȥ
һߣַЯµƽʯǰͫͷʯС
ʯˣַ̫⻷ҫһ͸嵱УҲϰ֮оܣܵʴ޷ȫս
һɿֲĹ⻷֮ϣʯڷǿԽԽ£·˶ɱ㣬µ˼£ַշѹȥ
䣡ַһȭɱϺսշѹգĽŲ̤գʱ֮ϳһƣʹ·ܹƾŲư㣬˻һӰ⻷ԽԽ貣ħ
ʯӰˣϵϢһϵǰɱϺսȻϵı
ɱ
֮Уʯֻоһ֮ŭХɱЩеĽȫӡʹǹ׵ıһ޴Ĺ֣֣Ҳֹͣ˺ˣǰ̤һ޾
͡͡ؼ޾ٽĳʯɱȻʯɲٺ˰벽ÿһ̤·̺ϵһƮɱٽ
ַͫô䣬·Զᶯҡֺ־µƣͬ٣٣ϵ̫ͼԽԽϯƬأһɹĽⶸȻ֣һεĽ⣬ַδȻȴ·֮ϵĻÿ̤һֽǿ⵼ڣ֮ϵʳ
ַͫбһ貵ʱؼĳʯ룬ȴ룬ʹʯƺһ˫շѹĴηʥҪ֮·޷֧սȥκεҪˡ
֮Уʯֻоǧ֮Ѿ궼棬ıõ¡һըޣ飬ʯϵƷɢһ̣Լƿء
ַһ̤˳ȥʯǰ˫̫ˣ䵽ʯоҪ
㣬ҲҶҺǳ⡣ַʯУʯûеֿѾֻҪַһ
Ҷһ俪˰赲̤һɹѵַǰ·ֻҪԸ⣬ַҪ
þʵĶԾսѧԺʾǿߵ۷ζԾˡи̾ĿĶ֮ϣ䣬ַܷ㡣
һսѧԺǿǾĳĬǶĿⳡԾƺ͵ĿڿⳡսѧԺǵǿսսǶԣƽҲ޷ģսѧԺʾ۷εĶս
ַֻĿ⻺ת˼䣬ô䣬֮ǿʢ
ſ˵ͼҫĿ֮ͬѹַ㣬Ҫַˡ
սѧԺ֮ʱ̤λʾ粻ãʵͼ£ʱ㣬ѾΪҪ֮գôȥˣſѣ츳ʵڲôڤ磬ǿ
ַ㵭˵һ漴һȭݺݵĺʯϣʱ첻ϣʯ˳ȥڵĹıַ㿴δһۣż䣬գͬʱϯʹȺҲźݺݵĲ˲


1933 ѧԺ̬
ַȷʵ٣̤սѧԺΪѧԺƾ輸εսԼ𣬼ǰΪλʾ磬ľ棬ֶ˼ǣǱ˰ս̨ϻܼǣʹ⣬̨Ҳ˶
Ȼַ֮伣ܹӰֻһ⻯ѧԺ֮У̨ǿߣ򲻶ǰ̬ѧԺ֮Уֱһս̨űݺշѹʼجΣźѹȵ޷Ϣֱʧַ㱾ٶȳѧԺС
ǰվǱ˰ս̨ȴǿԼţĨɱ֮ڣܷϯλʯ죬ɳֲ֮˸оϢֳַɳٶȣЩڼŵҲокա
սѧԺһˣ֮䣬Ҳûôµٶȣַ㣬ѾҺͼսˡ
ַ˵ڤ磬ȼǿȻͬȽϣַ㲻ܻô֮˺ͼһᲢۣȼ仹ǿܶˣжô¡
䲢δַ㼤ŭֻɫĮ˫貵ŵĻ˸о־Ҫ
ˣһ̤ҫĿһŵ·ڱַֻо˶һɱϢ֮С
ĻַۣŲ̤أ̼̫ͼĽ£ΪַΪģƬط·𶼳֮أؼ
Х󣬼ĽŲϳǰ̤زݣշѹҸű֮ǰһо㶼飬ǰ̤ǹɿµı֮ԽԽֲ
֮͡͡У֮ɱ·ǧ֮ͬʱżŭХȥȻȴ֮з·һǣ֮Уͬʱһ貵ı֮֮ײеϵײԵַ㻹Ҫ̣Ǳַ֮޷κε
żĽ٣ַоԼҲҪ飬շѹı⼫Ŀ¡
ΣַŲ̤µͼ޾ĳ뵽֮УʹüҲֻɫͣʴȻ嵱ȴҲſֲı⣬ԱĨɱʴ嵱еӡ˼ɫʱңʱָֻ
һõȭâϮɱȭâ·ΣһȭӰ͸գַ㱩ɱᴩƬأʹȺоһϢ·඼
ˣַĽŲݺݵͼ֮ϼ̤£漴ĹâҫȻʧԭأȭأһӰ֮Ϲᴩַȴ˼һƽٹ۶ɣǧٽŭХ
һһӣʱһٽʹȺɫı̫ˣַĹֱΪûмֲκεĹҪ
Ȼ˶ֵͬʱַĽŲû˿ֹͣһ֮ƷĽ֯廯ӰХաݺᣬս̼·ƬضҪû
ĽŲݺݵĳͼϼ̤£Хһ·ıըѣ̫ͼڱ
ַɫгʵȻǲӵģΪⲻ磬Ҳֱܹӹͼҹ̺֮ͼͼϾһ󾳽磬ټҲ缧䣬ʵȻͼ仹һĲࡣ
ȻַսĿģѾﵽˣȻַ㲻׵ĳսܡ
ˣ֮䣬յгһƬضͬʱЩı󾹻һɫƬḲǵ
̧ͷϿգЦһ˫һ쳵ϯǧеһӰ峯Ͽճȥ͵һգ̼һַӰı
ȻӰͬ˰㳯żɱȥͬɶ˻𣬲ϵٵ
ˣŰм˼ǰЦһ۳ǰǰһӰȥ̼ǵһģļٶȱȻڴ˿̣ȴоһǿĽ֮ӡֱӳԺ֮УʹϥԺе
Х֮ĳżıϯɱƷһУֻһַ֮󣬾һ޵еӰӣȻַıٶͬ㳯żɱ˲Ϣ١
ɱַ㱬һͼ뵽ħٵĹУ·ȫһƵУŭһһշѹɱϰַĹͬʱ峯ǰ̤ͼľԶ
ַ˫ͬʱɱ뼧ĿֲУżԴȥȻʱļȻת˫ֱͫӺַ֮ͫײһַͬо굱еĿѹ·Ҫ㡣
һŭХ˵Ĺײһ𣬿񱩵ʹؼ۳һ͵ķˣһ˲ַ֮ûƬ̵ͣϴʹż꣬Ǽ򣬶ñ֮ѾȻַԼҲܡ
ǿֲı֮һ𴫳ַ˲ֿ㶼ɫ԰ס
ֱַ΢΢ţһϢ޸ֱ۵ƣֱҪǶż֮ͫɻô䡣
ݺݵһʱһɹɫݽֱָͬоһַ㲻ǿᣬҲǳǿ󣬵ȻΪµ֮˵ıַܹ֮֮Ȼ˲ܹҴ⣬벻ͣľţһǱ֮
һɿŰϵٶȿʼϻ⣬ƱȸղŻҪֲ
촫ַǰ·ĺͫ͸ſµͬħ㣬㼧ʵǿʢɲа
ˣ
ڴʱһʹȺͫ΢΢£˵֮档
ܹսѧԺһս㣬Ƕսˡƽ˵ʹȺа̾սѧԺϿַѧԺĵλ¼Ҫɱַǲˡ
ƾղֳַսսѧԺ䡣
棬λ˵սδ꣬βʹһսԪâ˸ղȻַͼײ൱ȻȻܹռƵģǼսȥʤȻַ츳ȷʵеľ
ͼս֮꣬Ѿܹͼսˣ˴սʤѾҪƽĿ˵Ե̨֮Ҳ㶼ֻ̨Ц֮꣬ռַ׷ϣҿ֮λʱȱɣòúĽλ


1934 ѩ
ȺԼ̨Ļ̾ȻһսǼռƣȻַȴս־أ˿ѾǼˣϾǰѾվսѧԺ۷壬ַ㣬ʱλʡ
Ȼû˻Ϊ֮˼ʵַ֮ǰ˶оĹ⻷ţսѧԺֻҪмڣǱԶֻǣȻգһڱˣڼз֮գַǿƣ˿һ䣬սѧԺŹ⻷ˡ
ַ㣬ѾڰڼϵĹ⻷ս֮սѧԺٷһ۰֮棬ַ㣬ͥҲַ㻹ֲֿٶȳɳɶԼĳԽ
ͬһʱսѧԺ˹˵ĶУտַս·𿴵սѧԺ˫ֵľ棬⽫սѧԺʢΪԵҫ
Ҫ֪һʱʥݵĴѧԺеѧԺԳһ֮ˣبѧԺԼѧԺ㻹ûгַ
˫ʱɫ˸һʱʥעѧԺսѧԺˣѧԺѷ⣬Ҳո¶ͷǣ˷ǱʣҲһգҲվѧԺķ̨ϡ
ѧԺبѧԺԼѧԺелᣬϾǵĳɳǳֲߣעҪâҫ
վʹ˽лλܹ͹ǰĿɨˣ˵漴ַǣ֮£ΪֹԺѧԺ֮ڣٷɱźѹ̨ȣ̨𣬼̡
̡ɫ΢ַ㣬ԼʵΪ̨Ӯ˵λӮϣĿ⿴棬漴Ų̤ƮȻȥȻѧԺΪλ̬ȣַʵõõõһС
ַ㣬ʰʵ֮գҵ㡣һƮַУʹַһâʰʵ֮գû˵
Ŀ׷׿ַ㣬һսַ֮ȻʰУҿԤʮ֮ڵһϯλһս
ʥĴѧԺǿƣȻܱʥձע񵥣ʰԼ۰񣬵۰Բ˵ʥݽ˵˸ŽĴܼǿߣʰʥݵδһʱķ
ЩעҪ̼֣ʰǰԼһЩ츳׿֮ˡ
ַڼ֮ҫĿ֪һսֽ嫵֮ǡ
ǰڴʱַĿ棬Ŀڡ
ַ㣬㻹к£ַ㿪ʵʱȻƽࡣ
һҪһַĿ⿴棬ƽ̨֮ˣһǻѪԼһȻڣһҪһ
˵գֱַ֮Ӵִ֮ˣַ֮һ̵оһ⣬ַÿɶʵõѧԺϿɣҪϿɣԸ
˵ΪһˣܻܿһΪ֮ĹûоԵĹǵַڼ֮ʵ֮ǹƽֵƽҪʼб״̬ˣΪƽбܺߣַ㣬˵̻Ĺ򣬶ַҪƽбҲͬǱڹ
ĿԼʱִϵĺƺӵ͸亹ӺһзǱʵѧԺԿһ㣬ȥɣǲпϷ
ִʵΥս̨ѧԺ˵ΪѧԺִʿӦ׸õƽ˵һִӹ¶Įִ߸о׹˱֮С
棬ˡִߵϥأûнƱ磬˿ֻ·һ
ҲΪսѧԺһԱѧԺйףҷһۣѧԺƽʹִ˿ȻҪϱֱۣ۱ǳ׵ķϵˣףѾǷǳĽˣǷϵΪ
л档ߵף漴ֱֻһʱһִߵֱ۳׻ʧ
ȥɡ浭Į˵վ΢΢漴ιȥ뿪֮ʱĿ⻹ַһۣûк⣬ֻǸп޳յַ㣬Ȼһ⻯ѣֳַ츳ȻҲΪյѡ񸶳ۡ
ȥ֮濴ַ㣬ʵַ㣬־ϣ⣿
л档ַ΢΢ǷԷһѾûʲô˵ˣҪģֻһ̬ȶѣ̨ܹӴ˴սѧԺ̬ȣսѧԺУ˸ѹ̨Ȼٹ꣬Ҳ̨ܹ
̨һӱ˶֮Ÿ츳Ǿɾޣ̨ԼҲһټʥ츳ԶǾģʦֺ֣Ѿֻ֮ʱգһԽν˫ʱʵС̨
Ҳذɡַ˵ַ΢΢ͷ̨ԼĪϧ˵ͷ̨һ˹ȥʱ̨˾㶼˫ȭգȻ˷ܣǰʱܵ裬ڽһ죬˻ָо̫ˬˣңַʵǸо𺳺;ϲӴ̨֮˸ǣгһŽ档
ǰ֮Ҳ½ɢȥ뿪սѧԺ
̨ۡһ󻶺·̨ܹˬ졣
ڴʱ̨棬ӰǶ˽ԶŰ£ƮƮӿޱȣŮ˫˸еޡ
ߺˣ̨ӿ̤赲̨⡣
Ϊ׵üͷ΢΢£ˣôĿʷǷ
ҪȥһˡѩĮ˵һ漴ĽŲǰ̤ǰ̨֮Ҫ赲Ȼֻѩһɿֲıؼ¶ȶȻޱȵĺѩ֮أط·Ҫ⣬̨Ӵ˸΢ЩӲ漴Ӱֱ̨̤С
̨ԺеƺоƮĺ֮⣬Ŀⲻɵ΢΢ת漴㿴ƯӰǱѰλ
˵Ŀһ۱㶨ϣѩ˫·Ҫ鿴͸
ѩˣѩüʵδѩ飬ԼʣѩҲӦǼΪڵģӦŶԡ


1935 չ
ַĿѩϣüͷɵ΢΢£ڼѩǣѩ֮ˡ
ҲѩˣӶԷϣܹܵһƵʣټ϶ԷʻȻ׶Է
ǡƽĻӦ˵ʹѩĽë΢£Ŀ̨ԼŵĽ棬飬Ӧѩû
ҿѩŲ̤ȻȴʱַĽŲȻѩǰ˫ͫס
˵˲ǣ㲻ǡַ˵һ͸ż⡣
ѩַ㣬֮ͫеĺ·Ҫַ궼ᣬĮ裬Χռ¶ȷ·ͻȻ併̨Ĵ˸о䡣
ַֻϸһ˪ѩĮĿڵֳǿʵȻⲢܴѩǰҲӵ԰ʱÿ
ѩĻƽĮΪѩһԱʥݵ嶼ǳӣǱʵҲӹɵģ˴ʥѩе񿴵ܿѩŮӣȻҪ
ַϵĺ˪ԽԽңȻͫȴȻ仯֮ͫһƿֱֲӳŶԷԺг˽ȥʹѩɫһ·ҪϢס
ﲻѩ壬ַ̨Ųǰ̤Ȼ䣬ǧ֮ŭХŶԷԺɱȥֻһ˲䣬ѩоһɿֲ֮ס껯һҶҶѩҪסһĽХ
ȻַֻŲٶһ̤̼ȫһٽɫĽٽĽɱ
ѩû뵽ַ㾹ֱӳ֣һʱѩƮ֮УƬռ䶼·ҪںоַֹֻоԼжóٻ
ˣݺݵһ·еĺַ̤֮磬ĺǰϯҪƬضû
šššѩĽŲˣʱ̨Ⱥ׷ǰѩ˰Уʹ˲˱ܵԺ⣬Ŀ⺮Ķǰ֮ˡ
ַ³һͫɨǰļˣʱʹѩ˸оһ֮ϣо쬵ģؼıѩ֮·ӵǿʢҪ˶ס
еѩһɨ̨ˣ漴ۻӶתߡ
˵գڿն̤뿪֮ϣɲбѩ¿Ʈ·ÿһҶѩǺĻ
ѩ塣Ŀ⿴ȥӰɫ΢£飬ַ飬ƺȷѩʡ
ַߵߣǣ΢ЦѩҲܽߴߡ
͵Ц¡
ַ㣬ȻǵսԻͣȴоǰ·ԽԽߣبǰģԽԽǿĵˣ̨ҪŬʵվԽߣˤԽҡǰַ㿪˵ܹоһѹȸС
䣬ƽӹ֮ˣңʥ壻ǣѩַԼ̨һսǽĵˣֻǿ
ʦֵ̨֣ܣ鷳ෳˣ̨ˣʥΨˣֲ̨ǹƣ̨ĵӶӵǿ츳ַź˵ҲΪȻĵͷʥⲿǷʥ̨ǿʢĸ
׼չһʱѧҪһĳʱ䣬⣬һһͨķ⣬λֵһ£ҪСЩֶַ˿˵
İַ㣬Լúò츳ͼĲ಻ǾԼԵֻҪгһմﵽĵزŰɱ䣬ΪѧԺʾ̨ˬ˵˽Զ׷׵ͷһսַǵĳҲǾ޴ģҲҪŬˡ
ʦҲ֮ҲҪˡаǳЦ£˷׷̫ͬǿʢˣַĵںʯҪǿܹԽĲ࣬ԵĨɱڣʯ졣
ַ㿴һۣ¶һĨ΢Ц̨֮ˣԶһҪʲôȻҪǺԼҪʲô
飬ʱ뿪ַŰʵ
Ҳ֪Ĵ䣬ȵʱˣұ뿪ˬЦ
ã飬ми㡣
ͷħ鿪ڵ
ַ΢΢ͷħҵѪ츳ҲеҲóܹܶ࣬õܳɳø죬ϾħΪ
Ҳã㽫СһｻҰɡ˵ͷ漴ַֻ㽫ħٻ氽ȥ
ַֿ֮˽äڵäʱ뿪Ҳٸȥ
äûж˵ʲôɱְĳĬ
ַңУַٶ촴Լ磬ƬӵƣԺѩ¹˿ڿԳţַ֮ѩ¹ĻʹУǰ飬Ƭ֮䣬·磬ÿһɢϢְݵϢʥҪѩ¹ԡϢ֮С
֮䣬һҶ겻ϵ趯ţ֮У̺ޱȿֲķԵ֮ϣһƺ嫵֮ⲻϺ֯һ𣬾һѤ
Ѥ澰ַɫ΢£Ȼһ΢ϵľ򷨣򷨡
ַŲ̤̤֮У֮аһαַĸš
ַ㣬ôо·ӵŮ˭һĸоҲһ֮УֻĹһ֮·Ҫַ嵱УʹַɫҲǲ˲ĿһĿԼ
飬ڤ֮ʱһλеŮŮַ㻺˵ʹɫһַֻΪڤǶβѰľЩʧվ̾Ϣһű񣺡ͳû뵽ȴ˶ˡ
ͳ컯ػ࣬ҲܺǶģܹоõ鿴ַįɫЦ
Ҳܹоͳ˵Ĵڣַ૵漴ϥԡɰݵһͳ컯ͬӡ㣬ܹеټƺǳʺ


1936 ͻ
֮һʱУַṳ̂С磬żˣַЩƵǣ˺СѾͷҪȥ磬ַҲǳȥѩµ۹ȻڲϵţΪԡ۹Եʣ۹ǿʵҲԽǿѾʼ½ַ㿪ٶǨ㣬Լļ
һֱǨʱţЩǨ޻ᷢչΪ۹ȻҪܳһʱܻǼ꼸ʮ֮ʮܹһʢĲ䣬ȻҪһȣҪʱ⡣
תۼһȥѩ¹ʹ֮У֮ϣַϥؼһɹɷ嵱Уַ·Ҳ򷨣ܹɸϵķ
ˣȻ䣬ַȻſ֮ϵ򹲴ֻ建վ漴ӰƮٵǰڵĹ
ľ򷨣һһΪħʣĪǰ·֪º˲ʶľ仯ħ⣬Ȼ򷨲䣬γһְݡַ૵漴ֻһʱεض漴ľȻû뵽嵱Уһַ̣ڷ·һŹӰ֣ʹΧķӵзǳǿ
ͳˣһУ߳Ƭ磬ַ֪ܷ֮૵漴һ֮ϣ̤ͳ֮ڿն
һʱʥȻ鷢˵ʵڽȻҲ̨ǿߣΨַ㣬߳·ûκεı仯㣬һʱ⣬֮ϣǹɰַ֮ԣһܹɱ䣬ںȥ೤ʱ䡣
սѧԺ֮УһƮѧԺ֮ѧԺ֮һֱӳƶˣԶ
һЩʱ̣һⰻȻɽ֮أֻ֮ϣһĳɽ£ɽۣ֮һϢ֮ϣһӰȻַ㡣
ַվ֮ϣеİΪľ֮УַܹĸܵԼԷ֮׺
ַֻıϣϵץסֶԷ׺һĸ֮С
һƹƮַǰɫĹ㡢ɫĹ㣬ɫĹ㡢ɫĹ㡭Ĺ۳һƬ֯һƬľ£Ȼַȴץεĸо·ֻܹܵǵĴڣȴ޷ƿصǡ
ħͻưɡַţ֮䣬Ժз·ֻǺڰĹ㣬һĻۣ·ԽԽһɰݵַ嵱Ӷ·嵱УҲкڰħԹĹ㽥Ŀ£Ľһ
ûκεļʱַƽڵľ·һƹâҫʹ嵱еĹٶȳ֣̼øӵǿˣħԵĺڰҲԽԽ࣬ĻϳһŹȦĽ֯ơ
ݣҲҵķ򣬻ҵķƬ죬ҪǿҪƬصķķҪһ𣬳ɾͶҵķַ־ֲͣͬķ򽻻ԽԽͣɹȦ۳ɺ۳ɷ籩󣬷·ħ
䣡·һֽɱַ嶼ݺݵ£漴һգʱһɿֲħпʼĻ۶ɣϯƬأƬգޱȿµĴħ
¡һ촫һ̣ϵĹ㶸Ȼ֮ȫޱȵ貣·ܵħǣ㣬ַȻͷһֲĹ⻪һ̣ؼɫĴػɳա޿ײ롭ϵķʼŰƬյС
֮ϣһɹɿֲķ籩ʼۣһƬնɫˣͬХڷŭţϵķʼһɿֲĻۣͬһʱ۳ɷ籩ϵյнſֲײ㡣
ɹˡַͷ죬еĹâ֮ϣϿֲķ֮·˶УķԼŭ֮
زݣҲҪƿַ֡ϵĳǹɷ趯ţͷĳҵķ裬ʱַ֮䡣
ƬɽȻƫƧ֮ڴģǸо֮ϵ֮ʱ㶼̧ͷ񷣬̼ǵĿȫ
ǷʲôȺͫкݺݵĲ£Ƿ֮ʱȻ֮δֲ̫һЩɣңƬ֮ϵķ籩ֹһַ
ǿ˿Ļ桢˺صĴط򡢿ŭХɷһַĽţ漴۳ʮɫһ⻪Ȼ֮Ϲᴩ£ƬؼһޱѤ󳤺硣
ɽۣȺڿն𣬳ɽ۷ȥ򳤺缸ɽûˣȻϡܹƺһģӰһ֮ϣֲĹ塣
⵽һ£Ⱥɽ澰оԴ΢΢Щ£Ǳ˵δţʮַͬʱ֮Ϲ嵱УԶͻ֮ʱķǿ̶ȣ޷͡
ַԡڷ֮УܵĳһɹɷŰʹоַҪХҲ޷Ӵܹ֮綯÷編ķ򣬱Ȼ˵ķҪӵǿ񣬷ӶĹȻҲӵĿǿʢҪɷز衣
ΧȺ׷׸澰˺ܳһʱ䣬ڿʼɢʧеķ籩ɢػָȺܹƬɽۣȻһӰվһ֮ϣʱ΢΢ţɹƺŸղŹ嵱еķ
λʾ磿˿ľ֮ɫ΢£ͻƳɻȻǴλʾ翪ʼѵΪ̫̫ǿʢʹֱӿԽλʵĲβɣ
һӰ̤ɽַķȥȻڴ˿̣¡¡Ĺ촫ڵħƿʼ۶֮ϣһڵĽ֮ɽ֮ĿֲžĹ죬ɽ·ҪƬض
ܿ죬Ⱥ𺳵Ŀע£ħ֮ϵȥʹſˮ⵽ʲôͻ֮ʱȿµ֮


1937 ʵ
ħپأַƾǰԵǿӲĳܣΨܵʱŻǲŽٹɴͬɽ㣬˫貵ͫħ֮ҫݡ
֮ϵħҲɢȥճ֣ΧȺ³һ·˺ܶ㣬Ϊƽһʲôˣով˶صķ壬ֳħĹδš
ֻһӰַ̤ǰһ˶ַʵǺˣ
ַĿ⳯ȥɫһâ⣬·ԷĻ֮УöԷ΢΢£аΪλʾ磬Ϊ˵Ŀ¡
ַֻһʱХڿնЩΧ֮ɫ˸£Ҫ׷Ȼֻ΢˼⣬Ǳ뷨˿ƼƽĪҪʲôǷǲźá
ַѡƫƧɽ֮أΪ˲̫Ķͻֱַ֮֮ӻصսѧԺ֮Уֱһν硣
ʹ֮Уٶȳֲַ̤֮ϣŸϵķһ֮ϣݵϢ·ַ͸Ϣ£ݣַ㽫ľ֮УȡøӦĵ⣬ʹķڣգɹĿķ
֣һϢַʱǸϵķ·ҲҪڵһȻȴƺ޷ںϡ
⣬ңҲֻܹ֮Ÿո̤֮Եַ૵漴һ˲Ϣ뿪ԭأһַͣʱħ̶У壬ֱӲħ̶֮ڣʼħ󷨵˺֮ʹʵֶȹһħ٣ӵǿֲһħ󷨲⣬ȻҪǿҵʹܹӵǿ
ûжãַٶȾһʹɱܣֻ建յУƺݺݵһգʱ첻ϣַУ¶һĨЦ⣬֮һ̤λʵĵزҲζţλʵĹ޷ˣͨλǿߣҪҡףȴշѹ䱬һλλǿߣȻǰҪܹڶԷϡ
編ͻƾ磬Ѿˣַ㻹Ƿȱıǳ׵ƿصˣøϵܹڣϵƲųǿ
һַʧԭأһֳһɽ֮ǰɽһʯڹ⻬ϴȻַվʯǰʱȴĸܵһӡӡ˹ӡôǿʢ£·ǿǿӡ·Ƭ綼Уɱ˳
ַۡۡĽŲϵĺˣȻͫڱ䣬Ժ֮пʼ˷ܻôʯ֮ϵĸӡַо⸡ӡһɼΪصͬѰĹ
ӡӡַ˺ĽŲٶȳǰ̤һδεĸһӡ˲ϵظַȴʱţԺȫ뵽֮УһӡźХͬʱҲԺвϵ֡طš
һ죬ַԺ֮У޾ĹӡӰַ·𿴵ĲһӡһģһӡһϵУ·еĽڵһ𣬲ֱ˴ˣɾһûκϢǿṥ
⸡ӡҸ޷ƽ⡣ַ૵һһգڴӶԸӡ߳ٴλص統С
һʱ䣬ַ㲽̨ԺУÿַ֣ɵ˸£΢Цһóˣھֱʾλ֮ˣʵкܴɡ
ҲϢȹ̣Ϊλ۷֮¾λ֮Ҳֻһ֮ң˰ɡַЦ˵ַʶʱѾλʵľ磬Ѿλ۷塣
ΣɻǲԶˡŬŬ죬ַһһǰնڡʯ죬ȡʯλãǿ̤ĵϯλܶ˶²⣬ƾͼһսǿᣬַʵпϯλһȥ֪һжôˡ
ʦأַЦʵ
̨ӳȥˣÿλձߣ治ۡƲƲ
˽ȵοʵַЦŵ漴Ŀ⿴һŵһˣ۾񣬺Ȼǽä
û뿪ַ¶һĨɫŽäʵ
սѧԺĻΪҪ뿪äĻӦ˵·Զ꣬Σô侲
Ҳãļ־Լ֮ѧԺһɡַЦ˵
ڴʱʥݣһŵľ¥УвӰַһͨҲڣַķԣ顢šԼˡ
磬Ǻ̸㡣˶ַգգ۾ڣֻһ٩٩̸̸۵ַ㡣
ռ֮գַޱȣսźţɱ䣬Ѫɺӣͼһսʵ磬ȴҲȫˣκβַ㣬ɼַʵ֮ǿһʱȥʰֻǽַڵʮλǲģ˴λʰʵΪַȻʤˡ
ʰʵգ仹ַأ֮龰˵㣬Ȼʥݻʰ֮ϵѰǰʮ˸ǿ£˵֮ǿߣΪҲ඼ʾ۷壬㲻ǣҲͬһĿַлԻһսǱʰʮλѾǲˡ
¥еֳ̽ʰǿ
ȷѾǿ̤ʰǰʮϯλٶʵ̫ˣ˲²⣬ܹڽĳһ̵Щŵľ־ΪԼãֻǱֵ͵ķ񡣡
»пܣɲǳѩҲһµֱ̤˻ʰǰУҲ֪˰ɡ
ַķɫ΢£ѩôǸո˵ǰ֪֪Ƿйء


1938 ˻ʹ
һЩ֮ѣк֮ʱһ˾¥ƽʹȺΪ죬Ŀǿ֮ˣ˾Ƿǳᣬֻʮ߰ңȻȴع㣬ż׿ʣƷźþơ
Ϊʣѣ˵ʰ֮ϵδЩдˡʱһΪмѵһַˣԶ죬ʵǿޱȣ꣬˵ԵЩøԶˡ
ֻ֪ȴʥݺ绽ĻʰӢˣң뵱һأƮȻȥӢˬᶫ죬һǿеļӵиԻ͵ս˵ʹȺɫ΢
졢ᶫȷڻʰ֮߳ƣʥݣȻǽ̤֮ңеˣ̤ͬһط˻ʹ˻ʹһɳֲʵʰλ˻ʹϣʰ۵Ҳ˻ʹ
ɽвˣ졢ᶫͷƣȻѾһΣԲ۶ϣңԳԼַʵ˭˵ûյķԼᶫǿᣬ޷ԽʱȽϡ˻ڣȻ˵дԽʱײǱʢҪײЩ֮׷ǰˡ
ߣҿ˻ʹκһˣǿеҪ㣬˶ǿǰЩȥԻ͵˵
˵ʱֻһŮӻƶŮɫȹ˳ɫĳȹ·ܹҫĿ֮⣬ŮĹյüҲǷǳ
¹˿Ůֲɵ¶һĨЦݣ¹ĿҲĵ˵ͷʹֿͬ˻㡣
Եַ㿴ԼܵһۣŮ鳤ʮ䣬ֵ绪ïʢ֮ʱõŮӣȻĶ
һܣ㶼ΪŮɡַСŴ˵ʹСŶַƤһЦ
ÿһиɧΪڲͬʱԱȽϣ˵졢ᶫ˾ͱյĿȻǴԼ˻ʹ˰ɣŮ˵٩٩̸꣬ǳЦ˵
СǼʶ˻ʹᶫࡣ΢Ц˵վ߳Ůָ£ʾС
ԭᶫֶᶫ常ѹΪ˵ˡ
Բӣֻʵʵ˵ѣᶫ常޹ءᶫЦŵ
㻹ⲻԿ֮ӡŮЦ£δᶫַһգգ۾ЦŵɵСӣ㻹˰
ٺ١ԴʱԵЩɵһԵַҲɵˣɵаЦӢѹ˹أԼˣСһʧ̬ˣûƽĵȻ
Сŵһۣһ̫ˣ˼Сվء
£ָһλЦƤĵһۣ£΢Цû˰ɡ
ȻûˣƤ񡣡˺ЦĿ⾹ҿµ۾
ƤҲЩСŵһ̫ûϢˣǸĻСħأһ̾ˡ
ˣַ㿴ˡ
Сˣûʲô󰭡˻Ӧ˵ʱַ㽫ĿСţֻСŴԵϴ¥һĻӢ۾
ַСŵĻʱ˹ѹ¶˵̬ȲһԭϵСһﵹҲçײСҪӢ۾ַȻ˵˻ʹԼ֮ģԶʥݵһЩǿ
СһﾹȻԱСкøУѹɲСȻַ㲻ֹκ飬˵ԼգֻǸ·ˣܹЩ·
ˣ㻹ûкҽһء¶΢Ц
СŽ֪ˣҸɩɩָһַ
ɩɩòɣһҲѰ˰ɡ¿ַһۣ˫·һɫĹ⻪
ǵȻԲʲôᶫ˽˵ղᶫߺַһﲻᶫһֱܲˬǴСַĴ³ģУַԶôߴ󣬲ڮ١
Աߵᶫüͷ΢΢ţղȻȴûиӣߵһ£овˬ˻ʹ֮ˣˣʲôЦǣ˵ĸܱȷᶫ
ƿС֪ߵغ񡣡ᶫ൭Į˵һھƣڣӴᶫһεľ֮ܡ
ᶫĻȻ¥еĴ˶ͬģϾַΪ粻λʶѣᶫڶǰ߳ʰ֮ϣԶ̤֮磬˻ʹУʵ츳㶼ױȣһλܹ˵ġ
ԼҲòȥ൱ȴۻʰ賤֮ѡ˺ķ˵ʲôµֻµʱᶫʲôĸ磬˿ڿ
˵ĻᶫЦˣĿ͸ż⣬վȥЦҵʣһ֮ˣҲ˿󡣡
Ҫ𣿡˲м˵ᶫƲγһӶԷͬʲôҪشô
˵ɡᶫ˵
ˣᶫǲֶȴƺôʱ¥ıԵ֮أһ˱Ʊ߿˵ʹᶫɫһǱȥֻһǳɾˣһƮ֮Уͬ⡢ͬƣǸɾһŽ
ǺˣᶫĮʵ
ֻ˻ķ¾ƱĿתһ۳ᶫ̼䣬ᶫֻо۾ʹɵõͷΪƽ漴ֻ껺վ϶͸һƮ֮⡣
ƴۣյƽʡȺͫ΢΢ϳ˴ɵһ
ƴۡᶫĿһٶ̧ͷŶԷȥɫĮȻȴԷδһۣߵַǰַЦҿ𣿡
ᶫعͷһĻɫһ漴̤ɽתˮתǡ
˵գᶫ̤ȥʹþ¥еȺ΢ǵĿȴַ㣬ƴ۾ǰȥ˾֮ˣ


1939 ˵İ
ǰվƴ΢΢ǷϺЦ
Сᶫöˡƴ¶һĨЦ⣬˵漴Ŀ⿴ַ㣺һǰҿһսƯ⣬ǵ֮ԼһЩ࣬ʤ߱ˡ
ƴ۹Լսַ㲢е֣һգʥǿ߽٣ϵַ֮Ȼ١
ǰˣַƴ΢΢ͷһ˵
ƴҲֱַҹ˿ƺЩѵһʱ䣬Ϊûо˲˲ɣ
ǰʱ¥һ漴˱㿴һַ֣̼ǵûķ뱾ڣַղŵλ¡
ԭˡƴЦЦӢ۴һɡ䡢м壬㣬ҲػһΪ
˸ַĿ漴Цŵַ㣿
Ҹַ㡣˿˵ʱգգ˵ѹɵСӻᶫභ졣
˵ܺͼսºĿַ㣬΢Цڻʰߣ֪Ρ
ʥ壬ַлĻǿдһַƽЦ漴ƴ۾ٱǰһ
ѵܺʥݵһ𣬳ƴ΢Ц˵˾ٱͬ
˵ĵΪͶԵַȴЩͣɵÿЦˣ¹ȥ߰ɡ
ַĻ£漴Ŀ⿴£ȴǲ֪ôڣµһ۵ɵСӿʲôˣȥ߶¡
˵ţȥ˻ǣСһŸ˳ȥ
ַھ¥кƽ£ͬһȥСȥˡ
ļַ㵹Ҳƽÿվĸţ·֮һԣΪĽǳ죬ʲԽԽʥɵƮ֮ԽŨɳ׸ͷ棬ԺһЩļ䣬ʼĽ⡣
̨Ѿһĺ嫸ַۡԼҲһԼɹʱ鶼ڴӸ߿µٲǰһʹԶ֮һʧַ飬˵ȷһԣֻԧ첻֮̾
˼ûˣ鿴ǰٲ˵
˰ɣһ￴׹麣ˡַ΢Ц£ַ㣬¶һĨƤɫҲַֻ¶ԻСŮ̬ˣһ㲻𣬱ϾС
ҲʮˣﻹҪҵô࣬ҿ뵽˵ǣʱҿһ£Ȼȴһֱң벻ַḧգ˵·صյǶ۳ҵķʱ
ǰӣأë£ˮ΢Цſַ㡣
Ů񡣡ַһѽ뻳УЦͲãûĶԹ磬˫峺ɾûа覴ãַ㻳еҲһǲõЦκΪ֮ʧ
˾ôĴƬַ̣Ļַ㣬ͳ컯лһʱ˱仯ȥɱ˺İ֮Уûмͳ죬һǸ͵ĳɡ
ͳһϧڲп磬ɼַ̾ϢͳȣȷֻҪйӴ֮ˣһ
ڴʱһɷʹַعͷ漴Ϳڵĸ֮ۡһɺ嫵ķһ·ѧԺֱӵ磬з籩۶
ͻˡַɫ΢¶һĨϲɫ漴վŲ΢̤˲ϢԺ֮УֻСԡڷ֮⵱У̤֮
ʦʦͻˡҶַ飬¶һĨõЦ⣬ͻƵʾˣ˫ϵͬʱͻơ
ַ΢΢ͷСӣôͻƵʾ磬ΪСϵ̫֮ˣСӦͻʾˣϾַ㻹ڰ˻СʱѾˡ
ڴʱ⣬ɻ¥Сһ飬ԱߵλϣҲˣһСţһһӣͬɫۣ˸⣬ĿЩƵĿˡ
үүҪٳҪȥˡ¿ˣ˵
ŶľګĻӦһ
ͷСԱһա
ˡ˫ַϣٶȵ˵
Ŷľګ޵Сҧгݣ̫ˣҲԹĿһۣ漴վһĨЦݣ漴תȥ
үүٳ֮ȥ١ͻȻվºʹµжȻ¶Ц⣬ͬٻʢ㣬һЦ˵ãҪǵá
һȥĵ˵ͷ
ߣ£ϻˣкʸμү硣˿˵漴ǰȥµ֣漴Ų̤ȥʹһįɫ
ʲôСŶݺݵ˵˻Ҫż
ٺ١ԴЦ£㣬ôϲ°
ڵʱôͱưˣڵˣ춼ûǣС֣˵ʶ㡣Сŷ˷ۣһҺ㲻顣
˽㣡ǰСŵϣЦŵߣǻȥҸ硣
ߣԼ㲻ҪųˡСŰһۡ
֮ˣүү϶ݷǷһȥĻԷӣ˭Ҿֻôһ磬Ҳ˭˺Ƥ
㻹˵¸׼һݴˣ˭ôһ˵ܵܡ
СƲƲ죬Ȼϲ£ַ˳ΰݷãȻҪֳģַڵҲǲôоЩһһֱ⼸Ѿͷ㶨ģʡȥܶˡ


1940 ͷ
˺СŷĻѧԺҵַ㡣
磡˻δ˱㺰ַعͷ߹ˣԴС綼Ѿ̤ʾˣ׼ʲôʱ̡
Сͻˡ˿ԵҶ漴¶Ц⣬磬ȲɵȰҡ
ַ㿴ЩЦݣжʱ߰ˣЦµ飿
磬С쵰ͱദ˼Ƕûܽ˸㶨̫ˡСźݺݵı˵ʹַѾͷǻħżҪ㶨Сң㶨ˣѵͲ鷳
ҪʲôַĿЦЦĿˣʹԴ磬µүү٣磬øһȥ
µүүַɫ˸Ƭ̣СүүȻһˣ˼Ȼϲ£⵱ģҲҪΪȡġ
ãʱһȥַͷ˵
лл硣һЦ漴ַܿ㿴˵ıЦҡͷһԺеĿͷԡ
СţѾͷΣַ㿴뿪СʵŮħͷȻ֣˼Ϊϸġ
ܿɰСѾͷͷİɡСַ֪˼գգ۾ַŷĵĵͷСźҶѩȥˣַ㿴ǣ¶һĨЦôо˰㣬ҲҲֳļˡ
ַһַۣЦˣ㽥ˣҲǵ㡣
ɡַЦŵͷˣҵϻѺһˣҲ÷ˡ
ַͻȻʲô漴һʱгһɫĹֻǹϵţ澹һŮӰŮҲûյĽַʱ£İĻֻоһжˡ
뽿ҲյǧС㣬˫ҲûյķɣԵЩ˷·ûо㣬˭ô꣬û
ɱ㡣뽿ַ֮һɱ⣬϶ʱ·»ɰ㣬ռ廯ַնɱȻնַϣ뽿ȴֿռûĽˣʹ
ַĿƽĿ뽿а̾ҲǸŮˣҺԣҲ뽿ôꡣ
ҡڴ챤ѾⱲӶлḴˣ߰ɣҸĵطַƽĿ˵ʹ뽿ɫһңַˣ
ܣⲻܡ
Ҷã
ʮˣҲѾǲַƽ˵
ʮ㲻ܹҡ뽿ɲţ΢ַɱ˹ȥȻȴҶ˸ַǰ̼뽿оԼ屻סҶδ
ʣط뽿ɫ䣬ǰ꣬Ŷ󣬾Ȼһλǿߣ絽ôˡ
ʦûƭ㣬ͱˣʦ־ܽյΪƽأûбҪƭ㣬߰ɡҶ뽿˵ʹ뽿岻ϵĺˣɫ԰ףʦ
ʾǿߣַĵӣ찡ʮ꣬׷ʲôַĵӶѾǿôƬĵط
뽿ֽĿ飬ǳŮˣͬΪհ˻ĴŮ֮һһԲλĸо
ż㲵į֮⣬뽿뿪ˣĿĵεܿ췢һʶǿ磬һˣȻȫʾǿߣһܹеľʣ·ûаĹϵֻƯĹ͡
֮壬İٳ
ݲͣѾ۾ΪʥݣҲڷǳǿˣʥţ̤ʾҲҪʮ꣬󾳽磬ʮʱϣҪõԵۣȵ̤ϵλǰˣһЩر֮⣬ԽͻҪʱԽ˴۾ܶ˻Զֹһ磬̤ģҲҪƾõ£԰Ϊλ֮ѾΪ۾ǿߣһˣҲ硣
ֹʥӣǵĵλ츳ϢϢصģ츳ߣλ¡
ٳǰ֮Բ٣εԺ䣬оؽݣ֮ϱվԼһЩϵڽ¶֮ˣԶǰصġ
ܹǰ٣м̨¶ˣвῡ֮ʿдˣһλ˼ǰٵˣλ㶼Ӣˬڼ죬ܱȣΪĹʥ壬ҾԲȱź󱲣ֻǵĹâڸˣ˴δǰصǼ꣬ǿ֮ʿ츳ڣ˶ǻʰϵǳȻȻʰڶļȴԵ˲١
ּˣãܲء˵Щʥ弶ǿ㲻ֳͣ϶Ǳ㻶
ԲԺ󼧼Ҫʱ߶ϧ˴δǰ޷Ŀ÷ɡ캬Ц˵
ڱչأʰʵ֮պ󣬿±׼۾ˣ˵ɾ۾ֻһ֮ңˡӦЦ΢΢ͷǱڻʰʵһüַɡ
ᶫǰǰءʱԶһ֮˵Ŀ˹ȥֻᶫһϯɫۣ̤ȶֲʧҷ緶һ翵
û뵽˻ʹֶпǰʤҡ̨֮ϵʮ㣬ģмۡ
ǰˣֶᶫ࣬ǰݷǰСһӲҪǰҲ֪ǲǿҵλСᶫЦĿⲻ俴һһȺױϵ¡
жķɡᶫһۣ˵ᶫ츳ڣҼ˻ʹҲǴ۾ǿߣǸ
ƽᶫ岢˴ǰĿģղᶫһ仰һ⡣
ε̼佫鿴͸߰˷֣ĿҲԱߵ¿һۣȴЩĲɣĿ⳯ʯȥʲô㡣
ַ˴ʱ帮֮⣬ֻʱһҲַΪǣϵãļˣľȻȺ֮Уľַʱо޷ֱַĿ⣬ӵѿվڸߴڵλˡ


1941 Ͼ
ַĿȴƽֻľϿһ۱ƿûаĲľ޷ַʲô
ĺҲ֮УַͣƬ̣а̾츳£ɳ̫ˣ֮գʥݵһЩǰ٣ַ֪Ϊ£ַսѧԺڲʥݵһ֮ˣ岢ʲôϵ
˳̨̤帮У֮أĿľѾãĵشȺ٣ǰ֮ˡ
ɵСӡһЦֻ̨ϵַԵ¶һĨĵЦݣ棬ʹҲЦȷ͸żɵҲѹ»ɵСӡ
ţüͷ΢΢£µɫĿ΢΢ַƳһۣżֲã֮˴Ǻݣ
ȥʡ֮Ȼ˺һ漴ҲȺ֮У磬˵ϯȻûݵǲᱻģȻûмҲһЩݵ˲ܵ
ַоһԼϣֻĿת漴㿴˼ǣһ˫˫֮͸źϢ
˼ǣᶫĿҲ䣬ɨַԵˣĿ͸һĨ̵ζû뵽СӾȻҲˡ
ַĿûڼ̫ͣãǴŴ˴εȺʰʵս٣֮ϣҲһЩǷڣڼаԼ㶼аµĿаһ֮ǿҵ֮С
һĴ֮ˣɫһ˫ͬɫʷǱѰϴߵһһλʰߵ죬ʵǳǿ
֮⣬һĵķʿַ࿴˼ۣȻɮˣȻȴǿĶս֮Ϣ·ǿսɮ
ʥһϷ£е޷֮˾㶼սΪս֮ޣʰ֮ΪսɮǳϷ£ʿӦñǶսɮˡַа˵û֮Ϸ¶սɮս𷨷ǳǿᣬսɮУبѧԺӣبѧԺ˳ΪзǱʡ
崣ʥ޾ǰٳϲɺأᶫ࣬ͬ常ǰ٣ԱǰЦɡʱһ֮ʱĵ˴ȺĿһᶫ࣬аվʢûģ೤ڴ˻δ˵ᶫзϺͷ֮ӣұΪʥ壬ʵǿᣬټᶫ˻ʹᶫᶫ˱Ҳ˵ʲô
ᶫһУ˳̨ӹǺЦ˵ұȴ֮ˡ
֮գͷϺʵ֮£һ㲻ܾ
ǽӹ֮ߵԣĴĽд򿪣ʱһɿֲоһޱȾ޴ľ壬ͬҫĿ꣬·֮⡣
굤ɫ΢ĿȻһ֮âᶫԼᶫˣЩˡ
˹굤Ǽ岻ǰնɱãȻǰٳ񣬺աᶫຬЦ˵ʱһ
굤Σɣֶʵ̾һĿᶫһۣᶫڻʰ֮ʱ߳ƣλлʰ֮Уʥݣȥ۾նꡣ
ǿˮءϵǿҪɱ֮ѣᶫܹʵѾǷǳˡ
Һôֱʡͷһ꣬굤̺꾫׳ǿʢ֮ʹʿȣһ޶Ծرܹ֮·ǰһ
һƬ⣬ұˡЦ˵ʹòľ⽫ǽصˣѹᶫһҪͷ˴ʹ˴񣬲֪ͼΪΣϾʱУ˼ˣѺñ㹻ˣ̫ص񣬳ĿĲŻ
޹굤ȻĹŷһԱ⡣սɮЦ˵˫ֹһ顣
սֶһƬ⣬ȴ֮ˡɺЦ費
˿ʼ׷񣬵Եڣǳ֣֮ʱᶫĿַ⳯Ŀڵλİĺܣ֪һʥ壬Ҿδ
ƺԼŵڿĺأһμ֮ʱҲˡַ㿴ᶫ࣬ƽ˵
ǿټʥݣţȻԶǹ߳ᶫ൭Ц˵ַĻ¶һĨЦ⣬漴ҡҡͷתĿ⣬ûٿ
Цʲôᶫַʵ
ַûᶫ࣬һ·ᶫӵԽе̫ˣȻԽˣǵ־Խǲͣһ˻飬ٲͬäˣ֮ġ
ᶫ౻ַӣɫĺ˵װǰ磬С֮͵˽Ȥ
ŭᶫ࣬ƨ
ˣЩ˸ֵ㶯ŭȥᣬ𣿡ַѵ˵ʹ£漴˵ͷ磬֪ˡ
¶գգ۾¶һĨЦ⣬Ϊַˣַмᶫࡣ
ֶЩȻҲôĿ֮ˣֵ᣿ᶫڣʱһַĿתᶫƽ˵ᶫʥ֮ˣʾ۷֮ʱηʰϯλѹƣ˻ʹѳɴۡ
ᶫַ֪Լ⣬ɫƽԭ֪ҡ
ȷţʾ۷ʱɱѹƣһֱλӵȻУҲ˶ѡַƽ˵ʹ˵ɫ㶼΢ַ㣬һÿʰ˵ȻֻǿУ˵ۣ
ʱһ˶һʱĿ⿴ַ㣬¶һĨȤɫԭ
ڻʰ񵥵λñҸˡᶫ˵ʰǰ֮ϵãȻǴˣǰʮû
ڵΪλʾ磬۷徳ȣΪʥ֮ˣᶫ˵ͬʱӦñںܶŶԣᶫǰλ۷徳ʱڻʰλЦʵɫΪƤ
λ۷֮ʱʰ֮ϣʮλᶫ˵
͵ʱĻʰ֮Σ
λʾ磬Ȼ޷ᲢۡᶫʵԵ
Ŷô˵ʥĵӷˣ˵ڻλʣһǰѾ㵱λ۷徳ʱˣһͻʰڶļйһսûгԿŶЦ˵ʹͫ΢΢£


1942 
ᶫ΢΢üΪ˻ʹ֮ˣԻʰνǼ˽ģ»£뵽һˣַ㡣
ַһǰʰ񣬾˵Ϊλ֮ڼ֮뼧йһսϧһսδûĿãӹɣղźԻ֮ˣַˡ
¿ᶫ࣬Цŵᶫ࣬˵ʥ˾ӦҪЩôᶫˣѵΪ̫̫ˡ
ѾͷˡµĻ£߳һᶫϾǳˣ滹Լ˻ʹղŻʾ۹굤ѾͷȻһֱˣЩˡ
ᶫоҲסˣղȷ˼˿˵оԼڴԼ
µĿȴˣգգ۾Ƥ֮ɫ¶ɣڳ˶ʱ֪ᶫԼַ㵽Ŀء
СԲλ֮ʱַ㣬ȻһһУδϣڵǿͬһΣҲûпıҪᶫ˵ʱʹɫΪȤᶫ֮ǣҺַڶһϣûкַȥȵıҪ
Ҿֻܹϲǰ˼ˡЦ˵κ˶óƫַ̻ˡ
¶ᶫ굤ԼղǰʾĻǷǳģȻóᶫǴеĿģôܹöԷóѣ˾ڿ̡
СԲӡʱվڵռ֮գַͼһսδȫΪַ㣬űַѣҪʵʱȴսѧԺͣսַλʾ֮ˣܺͼս
ǼҵˣȻվڼһ˵²Ͽɵ˵
ֻʵʵ˵ѣᶫʰϯλǰ˭ڳλǺεȷСıȽʵЩˡڣļҲվЦᶫҵȺУҲǰˣ߳ƣַȣѾַ̧ˡ
־棬ʱ˶аַ˲ٰԲ˵ռ֮һս㽫ҳ׵ˣǻ˵ǵ۾ΪַϹǺľ˻ԼģϵУȻվһ𣬱ȽַԵƵ
ʲô߼˵֮˾Զǰˣɼ֮ҲȱʰϵˣʰУҲкüλڴ˵صģսɮǰаǰ죬˵ǶһĻʰˣ
ЩãЩ˵ᣬһҪַ͵һĲֵ
£˲غǶϴࡣַƽ˵ʱʹЩɫ΢΢һַֻĿ𣬿ڵǰΪַǿˣַЩöǰҲۣһ꣬ǵСʾַ⡣
˵գַ˻֣ʱһ֣͸һ֮⣬Ʈǰ
ϲ֣ʱУ΢Цŵ˵ͷеѾͷˡ
ǰᶫǰһ¡ʱᶫٶȿڣô죬Ȼվƣ㽫ж¡
кµ˵޷˵
СѾʮ˷䣬绪ïĽֶ࣬ҲһֱСĽѣ˷ǰǰ֮˫ϲţһ£Һ壬Ӵ˽׼ңʱܳɣһ˻ʹΪ˶ˡ
ᶫЦ˵ʹһ硣
ǰֻǴҪ٣˳ӴҲǴ棬ΪԺùϵ̵棬ȴû뵽ᶫȻᶫǰס
СҲ
¶µһ˺ǳ˵¸ףº˵
죬үүšµĸ˵ʱʹĿ¶ί֮ɫƵĿˡ
˵Ѿ²⵽ᶫ˼Ȼᶫ׿ף¶֮⣬Һ嶼ǹʥ壬ϵ̫΢ˣǣһȫӰʥݵ֣ͱԣȻǺ£κκ¶иһ棬ףмֳ⣬ֻᶫһʱʱʥ巴Ϊҡ
ǰʱַҲˣʱĿתַ㡣
ҵˣСͶϣַ㶷סַĿ⿴𣬻ڡ
Цδ˵ЦַĵܵСףûʲôݣˣС𣿡
ַĿת̼һ˫ֱ֮ͫǼ֮ˣڵֲͫ⣬ԷԺ֮У̼ʹöԷңɫ䡣
ȼǿŭȳһŲַ̤һɿֲĹϢϯַȥַϵĳ۶졣
ֻǿһ۶ѣα˴С֣˵ݣ硣ַĿջأƽվǣʹü֮ɫ࣬Զŭַ㡣
ǰɣƱȫᶫԼС˻ʹҲᶫ˵Ŀ͸֮⣬Ȼȴδκεı̬
ַƫԶСطһ·ֻôΨһһܵܣֻҪӵеģҵܵ˶УĹž顢ԼԴҲҵܵܵӡ
ǰҲ̸žԼԴᶫɨַ㡣
ַĿ⿴ᶫ࣬¶һĨ֮⣬ҵĵ̣սѧԺΣ
ᶫɫһ漴ڵļ壬㲻սѧԺһѡ
ҲҵһλöѣսѧԺλɲñҲԴʥ𣿡
ʥᶫɫһڳһЩҲţַʥ˿ַ˵϶Ȼʥɡ
ַ㿴ᶫĬԣЦֻ΢ʱ֮з·һƳ֣̼䣬ַϣ·֮׺ľ
ǡɫȻһâ
ң𣿡ַһʹȺһľַ㾹Ȼõľȵ
ַóܾƾַܹҵ壬츳ٺãҲһǿ߶ѡ
һʲôԴͲһһó㿴֮ӵеĹž飬ڵӡ֮ԴҲȱַ㵭˵˵ᶫʵǶ˵ģ


1943 ɱ
һֻǴСطһ·ޣȺаʥľӡĹž飬ܿȻַȷʵѾó˵ᶫ࣬ң޷óġ
ѹսôǿᣬܹõЩر츳ԼԶ׼
Ҳ˵˵ʲôɣַᶫ൭˵ʹᶫɫһʲô˱ңʲô޷óַ˵
ַĿ⻺ת𣬵ǰᶫ಻ڶеһλѣܹõʲôҪԺȥȡˡֱԣֳԺ֮·ǿ׿ͷģȻΨһ׵ܵܣӵеһУӵС
Ŀ䣬ַĻڸᶫŵģģʵʵڵġ
Ȼ壬ȴԶǼ޸ܹܵģʥϣַ˵ģֱӵȴ£ĸ߶ȣһѡ񣬱ˡ
ΪҵĹ£ƵµַԵúܴȻ˿ܹԥַѾ÷ǳˡ
Ǻǡֻ¶һĨƽЦݣ˿˵ѾͷСĻҲһʱԼĸĸ£ȵ˽ٸ֪λɡ
ȻһʱҲþϡ
˵ĻұǰĺϢˣҳϣܹáᶫɱֵúܵȻ־磬ȻΪַ㼸仰ңʼŵΪ壬һӦġ
ҲᣬλǰΪҺ٣һϲĺڳλУʰ֮ϵĿ֮ʿв٣ԶཻĵáЦȺ׷׵ͷʼ߶
ַĿ⿴֮ˣ˼ɫ˸ֲԤУʥϣȷʵԶһҪ˵ңᶫҲǻǴ۾ǿߡ
ֻʱһӰַǰȻа£ַ΢΢ЦϴڼҼ֮ʱδ⣬û뵽ܿͼսһ⣬ϣлܹдһ
аµ죬֮ͫк¶ʴ֮⣬ȻַĿޱȣܰӰ졣
ʰʵ֮ѾԶаγûлᡣʱսɮǰ˵˫ȣĿз·ܹܵǿ־ԼǶս޺սǷǳǿᣬսɮʰġ
ʰʵգҪʶλɡ쳩Ц߾ٱ貵ɫ·㣬죬ʰߡ
ֻʱһƮᶫߣ
˴λʰʵұӧʱ˻ʹһλɡᶫĿɨˣַͣƬ̣ʰʵ˻ʹֵģȨı׫ߣʰλҲ˻ʹ̳˵˻ʹһɷǳȻ
ַ㿴һǷа˴λʰʵǷƱãἫΪƽҪʵú²УڵʵѾǷһʱȻʥǿһƥʾǿߣʰϵɻеǳǰһЩˣƿǿߣɡ֮ʵǿʢ
£ַҲǱĴڣһһ뿪
磬Ǳߣ᲻Ὣᶫַࣿڰ̤У˶ַʵ
ַĬ£漴ڵˣᶫĿܸ󣬱ϾΪʥ壬һж棬˼µѡ񡣡
ҡɫһȻȴַЦʲôԸ㣬˽ǣҵ磬˭ҵ㲻ȥҵ磬ҲǰطҪĻʵˣҲѾˣܶӦÿˣûʵ粽С
ס΢΢ͷ˫ȭգиַʵΪԼ׵ĻƫԼˣַȻŵһжǵܵ˵ģ˱Ͼһˣַ츳ַ㣬Ǳж岻
ʱַзŭХֻһ
ַֻ
ַɫ΢Ųͣ£һת漴㿴ԶӰȻǼԼļҵǿߡ
Хһ˲Ϣռݰ˷λַ˶Χм䣬һǿϢͬµķ籩ַԼ˶ˣֻ֮䣬ֻо٣ͷ϶ĺ鲻ϵĵ䡣
λǺ⣿ַĿһɨˣǼԼļҵĽܳΪ㶼λʾ磬ǳǿᡣ
ַսǿᣬ˾֪뼧֮ս·磬ҵȱ֮Զ˷ҪʶһֵַʵΡȵһ˺Х̼䱻ΧмַֻоһɽշѹһſֲͬӰ
â˸ַ³ַֻ̣Ųһ̤ʱâҫĿ֮貣̼佫ǵûȻַֻ̤ܿŲ˫ƽĿⶸȻúޱߣһ֮ⶸȻ併Ƭ֮С
ɣַƽĿ˵ǹɿ͵˷·øӵĿֻһһץʱʯ֮ͨ˲ɣɱַ㣬ȻȴַƻӶ¡һ죬޴ʯѷ顣
üӰͬʱַ̤㶸Ȼ俴һ˫ͫףޱߵͫ׷·Ҫ̽ȥ޷԰Ρ
а˫а֮ͫ·Զתʱַ֮Уͬʱ˳ַɱȥһʯ޸ܹնɽӣض·˰㣬ɽӶ飬һշѹſҪַû
ַϳƮ侲˸о£˫֮ͫУȻ䱬ǿ֮͸а̼аҶַֻǿ۾Ѫң·Ҫ㡣
ɱȻһȣаɣһԼֲַ㡣
ɫչַĽܻ֯ͼâҫĿ漴ַֻŲһ̤ɫĹâҫ嶸Ȼʧԭأ޸Լȴ˿մȻаȴǲҽһԺ漴һֱӴԴг建ĳ׹ȥ


1944 ħ
ˣɫһַ֮ôǿᣬ̼ɱһλļλʾǿߡ
ɱļ֮ˣһ֮羪ը죬ַĿת̵Ŀһˣ˵ǶɱˣȻ˵˿Ц֮ԣ˭ˡ
˵գսɫĹâ趯Ƭտʼ֯ɽɫʥ֮⣬ʹЩ˾㶼ɫһַڶշֱڿռп
͡͡͵쫷ХյУַ峯һӰϯȥ
֮â޾֮ӿ꣬ϢҪ屬ˣ漴˫ӡ̼껯һ޴֮ӰԺ֮Уʹ˶һǿʢ
ַŲ̤յеĽɫ·֮ϣȻʧһȭЯֲħٽȭâֿ֮µ磬һ翵ı֮ǰһжҪ
ǣַǰֻоһɳصѹɫҰף궯ҲҵĲţ֮⣬ַҲ˱֮
𣡡һ˻Х·һƿµϯַշѹȥȻȴһĽٽֱȭâ֮ǰ͸˳ȥİϾ˼ɶεĹ
ȭâһǰ͸űһ־ֲѹ֮У·һշѹ򷨶У¡һ֮ԴըѣԺе궼˲ɱ
ȻڴʱһƿֱֲַԺо궯ݣ˷·𶼳ֻ
Ȼ䣬ַԺ֮Уһ󾳳֣һɱ꣬նԴоһ֮
ַ֮ıǣ·һڳ֣ػ꣬Ųͬʱ޾֮·ֲУնһй룬ЩߵӰȫ飬ͬˮ°㡣
ȻƬ̵ͣѾʹһϢѹٵַϣֻһֱ֮ӳץѶʹԴը֮С
Ȼ䣬ַü֮âţĹ촫ֻ޾ĺˮü֮˳ȥʹöԷɫ󺧣ˮַܹںۼģֱӽ̣屬ˣȻˮɽϣ嵱Уȴδʹɫ£֪ϵ
ҲʱһƺڰĻ٣ڱգֱӳֹȥ˶ûˣҲûӰ
ַĿ⿴ԶһӰ죬ͫ׷·ܹ͸˵ԺղǿµĹǴϹģһַǳǿ־Ĺ
ڴ˿̣ɵĻ֮ϻ£ֻһλǿһɫĻƽˮ棬ֲ̺ĵС
Ǽһ޸·һͷ㣬֮һȡһֲħ٣ؼ䶼͸һɱ֮⾳Ȼ˲Զֳֵ۱Ҫɱڴˡ
ַ㿴ˣĿ˸漴Ųһ̤Ȼ̵Ի֮УһĻʹλǿͫһ漴ֻʧַٶȳ֮ʱ˹ŷͺХȥ
뿪ɫӿǿɱ⣬ͬʱַ̤׷ȥʱһʼķ裬硣
ַ¹ŷٶȼ죬ܿ㴩˲֪ңԶľ룬һɽ֮ʱֱӳɽм䴩͸ȥ¡¡Ĺ촫ɽм䱻ֱӴ͸һ޴ĹŶ׷У쵽˼ĵزһһɽ壬ض·Ҫ
ɫʱٶȳһŷ֮ڣȻȴڴʱȴһŹ˹졢ַߵʱҪ죬Щԥ͵Ľ۱ȻһХֱӽûˡ
Ҳ˹ȻǺܿͼһһֱûٶ̫ˣҺҲǰУһ˲һӦ
ɽȻû˶ݵһɲǣ·𰲾Щ£һڻ谵Ĺŷû֪ڷʲô
֮һˮɽĶ֮Уһַ統Уħ̶֮ڣַ֮ϣǰ˶Ŀ֮пֲĺڰȼգǵ꣬ʹ¶һħɫڣѿʱǶģȴҷӡǵ棬ֻҪַһͷֱ£
˾㶼һҽУ걻ħգǻգʹǼҪǿҵĿ־֮ⲻϵӡ
㵽Ҫʲô³񶾵
ұ֤ǲǣſɱַ֮·뵽УǵԺ֮Уʹ˿һַĻֻҪ±Ǳɡ
㵨˶ǣҡļңԲŹ㣬ؽɱ䲻ҷ񶾵ȴɴ³к͸
䣬ٶȷһҽ֮ʹͣԡ
ޱߵʹһֱţֱǵ궼ħ֮ӡǣַ㷽ͣħ̶еħᴩԷͬʱ˴صħӡÿ˶˰ʮһصĹħӡֱӺԷԴС
ˣħ̶֮УͫħȻȴԵûʲôɣħ̶治ϼȡħ
㹻ǿ󣬱ֱԾħᴩ꣬Ҳô鷳ˡַ૵漴վֹͣ˶ǰ˵ơ
ħҪžŰʮһ죬ɵһѣ˵ʵǷǳϲ۷徳Ϊ֮ˣܹԸ⼸ˣַΪɱ˿ϧžȫˣƳħ
ħħֶθӣһȱǿƣİԵĻƳħͻʧ츳ֻҪֶƶħǳԼ֮⣬Լħ⣬ûʲôʵǿᣬȻӵ츳
巢֮½Ĵ˶֪ᶫԼֶᶫǰ׵ϢȤǣսѧԺպͼйһַ㣬ȻҲĵܵȥ壬Сףһʱʹ˹ڵȴϢ壬ѡ
£սѧԺѾ÷зַսѧԺѾǷǳˣϢȻ׻ᱻ˶ôַ֮ܣҺ壬Ѿʼ߶ˣֹЩ˴⣬ǰס
⼫ܹעĻһ£ǱǻʰʵʰеǿߣҪһһˡ


1945 
ַصսѧԺ֮УԼĸۡٲǰϥҾٲ£ˮɽַϣȻȴֺܴ
ʰʵ֮սӽҪúõĸһĳˡ
һգַĸжһλˣȻ£͵˳սѧԺ̨ҵˡ
ʱ֮УϴżɫûǰУ˵ɵСӣҪ彫ᶫ࣬ô졣
´˴ζ͵͵ģսѧԺҵҲ֪һЩϢ壬ƫ̻ҵģַ츳Ǻôأһʥ壬ǹʥ֮
ҾͰ˫ȭգָ׷·Ƕ
ʵܹġ˵Ļи˵ģɵСϲԼģָҲһ˲ͱû˵ˣַټǰҲް취ģսѧԺϾѧԺַļ壬ܻ顣
Ҵ뿪˿˵
ҪҪƻǣߣ뿪СΨ²ҵĵ
ҪͲҪȥˣսѧԺС˿£Ŀмϣ
£ĬƬ̣漴ȻһЦ˵ͷãҾʱȥˡ
ļһֱúܿģһֱߣСħ·øʵһٲǰţַԣ˵ıӰ˫۾¶һĨ˵Ц⣬ǣ˵Сӱߣ̾ϢһѾͷԶҪϸģ˸֪ʲôҲ¿ദɡ
ɵСӣҪԺˣҲҪúùԼӣǰһµ࣬Ʈ뵽ĶУʹɫ΢ļ·Ļ˰㣬Цźӱߵļһ·뵽Լַյʱ⣬ǳԹĿѣԶСһܹȵġ
Ҫһֱһôҡͷ˵
ôôɵ˵硣ƲƲĿԶһ񣺡ľɫÿһֱڴ˶ãΣϧҵܸһס
ΡַǰٲˮַȻһˮУһˮûʧǾôַ˫ָ֮䣬Ө͸
һһ硢һҶһᣬһˮγ̲һƬ磬Ĺ򡣡ַ˫ָɿʱָһˮĻ䣬ȻַĿɶǰƺڷ㣬˼
Ρһӡ
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ӡһ֮УһнСһнԿգαҪֵô
ַ建վ漴ƻǰһӡ˳ȥХȴоκεķ̺УȴſֲĲٲضϣ֮Ϸµٲ·ˣмգʱ䶼·ֹ
˷·˺Х֮Ŀתַ֮أǰٲʱͫ
ǿ֮ˣлַ֮Ϊ׿ƽһɽݻһٲȻǴ۾֮ˣҲ޷һӡٲнضϣֹʲô
ַ㿴һĻЦˣƬ֮Ǽٲڳ£·һжûз㣬ֻ˸ַǰַ㣬ͻˣ
һַͨ㿴飬΢Ц˵ʱַļһִƺһҪ֮ģ⸡ӡ·һ磬һأֻ˲ܲҲԴԼĵԽ֮ĵ
Ȼַָоģ壬ޣ翣·ץס
дŲõЦݣǣַ֣ǰٲַ㣬һҪ˺һ𣬺𡣡
ַɫ΢һۣЦŵȻ˼Ȼ໥ϲô˲ɢǣ岻ʣұʧҰС
΢΢ͷȻڴʱһƿֲѹ͸ǿҵ⣬ʹַüͷ΢΢£սѧԺɧˣûС
ַ㣬һ֮ʹַɫ΢¡
ҵˡһĨĻ֮⣬վˣַ̤Ƭ̱˸֮ۡ⣬ֻ֮һӰͷţ͸ʦ֮⡣
£ַĿɨˣĮĿڵ
ַ㣬㵨Ӻô󣬾ҽСֻᶫ³ᶫ࿴ַĿŭصˣҪעΪŮ˵ģȻȻܵ˻һںεء
ַ㣬СɡһλǿĿ⿴ַ˵͵ܳҲʲô֮¡
ĮɨˣַϵϢҲ΢΢ڵ¹ҪδɣԵӴһ䶼Ѳ¹ҽˣǷ
£һɿֲɨ𵴣ʹȺͫ׾㶼Ȼ΢ַ÷
ԶսѧԺ˳¶ȤɫҵˣȻҵսѧԺˡ
˵ַʧ٣мԼļҵļλǿҲµְɡһλҵǿ˵ҵҪʲôʵ˲񡣡
˵գҵǿһ̤̼һɷ籩ַѹ˹ȥһɹɳŻ쫷籩ʹƬ񷶼壬ַѹ˹ȥ
ˣַŲ̤ϳ۹Ʈ͸ųʣȻƳǰĴ̼һӡ֣ӡ·Ƭض˽ȥ죬ޱߵĿ죬˲Ϣٵ˶Էǰ
ͫȻŭХһµķ籩Ĵ˳ȻӡûƬأ籩ֱӲʳ漴ֻӡʹɫҰף¡һ죬ӡϣʹ֮ء
˻˻Ⱥһÿֲӡַʵ֮һǰӵĿˣӡʲôĹӡô£ʵ޻ȴ޷ֱӽһλǿޱȵǿշѹ顣
ֻһǿ߳ǰ̤ȻȴѾ˺飬ûټԮʹĿ£漴Ķַ㣬ŭȵַ㣬
£һɾֲѹַѹ˹ȥһλ۾ǿߡ
ŷ֮УȻ·һõӰޱȾ޴Ӱ͸ޱȿµѹֱһƳ˳ȥʹǴǿɫҰף漴ƬضһֲĹֱӺλǿߵϣʹ³һѪɫҰס
սѧԺҹӰ˵ʹ֮һɫѿȻǵΪѾŭѧԺѧԺĵѧԺһֻ۱һֻۣǷѧԺ֮ǰѧԺ֮ˣǷ


1946 ߱
ǴǿɫӲ֮ϵӰǰҲˣַɱ֮ˣܲ֡
ַսѧԺǱޣԵ޹ǰȣ๼еӰ³һ֮ʹ֮״˿̾棬ҪѧԺжַǾȻܵģռַһսѾսѧԺע⵽ַ㣬ַ䡣
ݲˣҴ󱲻ȥֻһλǿĿ˸֮ۡУȵ£㻹
Ŀһ˿һۣɵСӣȻȥˡ
ҪǻȥѧԺ֮УǲΡµ֡
ɵСӣ̫СʥˣΪӵõ𡣡ЦҡͷģһȥҵģҲޣ
˵գ˦˵֣Ʈȥ˵ԼҪģ޹أҸǻȥ
ߡֻһһ˲佫סŲ̤һ˹ȥ»عͷ߳ˣȻһЦɵСҪúõġ
С¡ɫ԰ף¶һҧ촽ƺҪѪ
ַ˵ļͷĿת۾Ѿ󣬶ַ㺰硣
һ̣˵ĴҲڴʱᵽʹࡣ
С²µġַᶨ˵УѾȫϿСѾͷˣ˶ԣҲһ־ڶǰԲŻĽ죬ˣֻгɳ
ַ㣬ǰɽһˡ֮ϣӰַ㿪˵ַ΢΢ͷ漴̤׷ӰȥԶɽ̤
ʱַ̤Ƭɽ뷭֮Уǰ·ַ̤һţһɾûиۡûйڣֻһλǿϥһɽ֮ϣ·ֱû˵ڣ漴ȻǸղгֵӰ
ַǰַǰ֮΢΢Ƿ俴곤ȻϢƻ֮ӵһɿ֪֮жôǿֲһܽǿ߸ɱ
ַ㣬֮ıͨ˼俴ˣλ֮磬֮սȺۣ츳Ȼ˵һսѧԺʾܳԽ䣬Īˡ
ߺЦ˵ַĿ֮⡣
ǰˣѧԺȻҳַ̤ƽ˵ʹĿжȻһ֮⣬Цã굱ˣΪսѧԺ˴֮һ߱棬Ը¡
ַԷĻĬ£漴ֻ߱սѧԺ˴棬ͨǼһ㣬ǼϼһﲻôУ¾Բ
˭˵һһֻ֮һԽ˽ǰ߱ϻƣôɲǿ˹۲Сһһʱģϻ쵰Ȼسŵڮңд
˵ʵڮ𡣡߱治ϵĵ
ϷûҪҪԡŭ
Ծԣʮûж֣ҵҪͷʵ˼֡߱վ̼ɫ䣬ƿХƬ·𶼱ˣѹʹַɫ˲ˣֻоһϢѹ٣ѹǰۣ֮ͬǳС
λǰַЦڣʱλ涼ַ㡣
ַ㣬ұ㲻£Σҿɲϻ쵰ֻڱ˵ַ˵
λǰ֮·Ψǿ·֮ºλǰַͬжʦλǰԸΪַָƣַмַ΢Ц˵ʹλɫһ͡
ַ㣬ֻᣬǧѷ꣬Ҫһ涼ַ߱
סַ˵ͷʹλĬ£漴ЦСӣҪҶһΪ·㵹̰ġ
ǰַЦ˵˵Ȼӡ
ַ㣬ȥɣԺʲôµĻֱҡַ߱˵ַһˣ뿪Ƭɽ
ַսѧԺӰǰһλ£ԷȻᾡ֮һõģÿ˶⡢ͬҪǰߣҪ۸֮Լĵһ޶֮·
ַսѧԺ֮Уȴ֪ʱʥѾкü֮ǡҡļңңһЩˣΪղѧԺ֮ºַ㡣
ʱ֮УԪһмҵӰһʵûмϢ𣿡
ûУʱԼսƻļҵļλǿӦַȥˣ֮ûлϵļңкüˣǰڣ˵Ļû飬ţȴ֪٣ûаϢַֻ֪
ԪĿ⺮䣬ַҪ
֮գΪһսַѾõսѧԺӣͬĲƾʵַɱսѧԺŭҲֻˣֱӳǿϮɱսѧԺݡ
һ㼧ԪȻףͬɱַ㣬ֻ˵ַܣսѧԺŭҲʦܲѹ󱲣ҳǿɱַ㣬ͱȫһˡ
Ҳַܺҵᶫʰʵ֮գ˻ʹַ֣ڻʰʵ֮ʱԪĮ˵ʹ֮˷׷׵ͷһ˵ȥϵңԻᶫַ˿ĿһУȻ
յַսѧԺʲôܵĹעСһǰַһսַֿʼ֪һЩ鷳Ҳڲ֪вȻһУַ㲢ûȤȥᣬ˿̹עıֻ£һΪĶΪʰʵն׼


1947 
ʥһʥɽ͸֮⣬ʥɽǰԶһ嫵ĴأƬʥݵ򣬵ԶǺϵĽȺ䣬ԶʥɽܹһֱĹ˻ʹ
˻ʹʥӵмϵʷ˵ҪĴѧԺƾãʥ֮أ㲻ﴫһܶ඼Ϊ߳ݴصǿд˻ʰϵһԻ֣˻ʹ
ʱ֮ϵϼݴ֮ϣһƬĵشվӰǵĿ׷׳ʥɽȥֻһ΢СӰʥɽг֣漴˸ԡϼеӰȺзŴǣȻ˻ʹеǿߡ
˻ʹµˡĿ˸ֻһӰоˣƬĵش̨֮ϣΪ֮˴һӣʱ֮ϣһŽӲӵİ񵥸ҫۣ֮ϵϼӳ֮£ԣòѤ
ǰ֮ϣдԻ͵֣ϵһˣȻɡ
ʰ񣡡磬Ӳӵİ񵥣Ȼʥ˫֮һʰֳ˻ʰ񣬰֮ˣλ˻ʡ߳ơ
˻ʹµӣҲΪʰ֮ϵǰľˣʥݳԲƹѾԽ˻ϯλɾ͵𡣡Ŀ˻ʰǰľŴӣԶһʱ졢ᶫպգʰ
ˣֻΪ֮˴ֻӶʱǻʰ֮ϣҫ֮˸Ȼȴղ
̨֮ϣǰһž޴̴ľ˻ʱһ֧
ʮһȣʰʵգ˻ʱʣдԻͣ˻ʰ񡣡֮͸ż֮⣬ʹ˶оȣҪԼֿ֮ϵİ񵥣˻ʰʱǨȻֻʮһȵĻʰʵգȨһα䶯һֽȵĸıλãͬܡ
ΧȺžȴȣ˿ǴϿȥܹһ޼ʵǿӰգʥݲ֪ж˴λʰʵʥݵʢ֮һ߳ƵδҲ̨趯ơ
ʱַҲȺ֮Уԣ֡Լ飬Լ̨֮˶ˡ
ʰʵ˻̨ղ֪Ⱦ϶˻ѪֵһַĿƽ˻̨̨֮ϵ˻ʹӰЩҲʥݵҲǻʰ֮ϵյĻʰʵ֡
ʱ˻ʹΪ֮Ŀ⿴һ֮ϵĺϼЦٹһʱұʰλĿʮ˻ʢ
磬¡ʱ˵Ŀ⳯ĳȥֻǿߺȻ졢£ڡ
ʱַüͷ΢΢£ʱںһţ̸ʢ˵ᶫ࣬ЩˣȻ֮ˡ
֡ʱֻΪ׵ǿߺǰһ˻̨ǰ̨ȥ溬Цݡ
λǳбȽϺʡ˻ʹΪ֮˺Ц˵նǰ
֮˲ڱ֣۽һ֣кβǿߺЦ˵ʮǰҿĿֻʰʵ֮գվ۷֮ϣдڻʰ϶ˣɣʮ굯ָһӼ䣬ʵѾ׷Щͷǲ
С˵Ŀ⿴Ϊ֮ˣɫ˸¶һƷâУʮǰʰһպɨеĿѾóɽƽ棬һЩ˶Щʮǰ籩
תʮ꣬вкЦ˵ʱǿĿ⿴ᶫЦҪʦѧϰ
ʦ츳ףյĳɾδػҵ͡пԵᶫЦ˵
ֶָһǡǿ΢ЦˣڻʰʵһϲѶ
𣿡Ŀ⿴ֻЦŵͷ֣һϲѶ֮⣬Ҳ츳ʰʵ˻ʹ£ܷæ
֮Ǻ£ʰʵԻֶǰ˻ʹЦŻӦ
˻ʹǳԼȿֲ˻ʹӡ˵Ŀ⿴̸Цļˣа
ʱɫѿҵĹϵԣǸϢ
ĿǱߣֻʱҲȻʱᶫһ⣬ߵµǰ˵ڵסµС£ʰʵүүṫǵϲѶ
ɡĿⶢᶫ࣬˵ʹᶫɫÿתȥУ¶һĨĮЦ⣬Сָŵָָ漴ýźݺݵָĵطշȥ·˵һݺݵļ̤ǡ
Ҫɱˡ³һϵĹ졣
侲һֱӴ͸˵Դʹɫ£΢΢侲Ŀ⿴ַ㡣
ױŭ䡣ַ˺ǳһʹɫһԵȻ¡
ַ㡣ʱһĿַַ⳯㳯˵֮ȥǼ֮ˡ
ںεأԪַʵ
㼧ҵˣַ㲻мӦ
֮󣬼ȥҪд裬֮Ͳټм£ϲϣԪʵ
ɱߣַ֮Ŀڵ漴תĿ⣬ʹüԪбĺ⣺ܺãַ㣬Ϊ
ֻˣ㡣ַ̾Ϣһ΢΢ҡͷ䡢ǡţ̨ʱ򼧼ע£Ϊѹˣʵ˼ǣڼ֮սңǺޣ˵֮룬ȻҲֻǿ˵˵ѣ浽ĳֲп̶֮Щʥܷվǽ磬ټ֮ǿһսսѧԺӣ»ĺܲҡ
Ȼһֿܣַһֱȥô㲻ЩʥͻȻⲻַԸܼ̤أ߱죬֮Ǵ֮Ҫ̤֮޾ǿʬǣκˡκҪ·
գʰʵգʥʾֻΪǻʰ֮ϵһϯ֮λγ֪һܻܿѪҲܻܿܶ˺ɲ˷ȥ


1948 ʰʮǿ
ԶһӰ˷ԡ
ˣֻһӹֻ˻̨ϣһӰ٣Ŀ⿴̨֮˻ʹ֮ˣ˻̨ɡ
Ŀ⿴ˣ΢΢ͷ漴ŵӰƮںޱȵ˻̨Ŵλ˫ӡ漴ͬʱ˻̨ϣ̼䣬˻̨Ϲâҫ죬··㣬ֲĹֱ֮ϣֻ˻̨Ե֮أһʯ𣬵ҡϡ
˻Ŀ˸âʯаٸǡӡ֤˻ʰٴϯλ
ʱޱȵ˻̨϶ŶĿ֮⡣
еȾڿնػظ̨֮ϣĿ⳯һۣ漴ڵλǵˣԵ˻ѱעλ
ַ˻ϸȥȻÿһ˻֮ϣּǺţӦ˻ʰϰˡ
ˣһҫأ̤ȺֻоĽ··һɫ׹㣬죬˷׷̤˻֮ϡ
죬գҵҪжپһֻ֮һƽǿ̤Ƭշ·𶼻˻ƽ֮ɫҫĿޱȣֱ̤˱Ϊŵ˻֮ϣζڻʰϵǵھϯλƽʥ壬һֱһˣȻǻƽʥĽӡ
ҲˡȺĿ̤⳯һȥʰʮӣ壬ͬʥݵǿ壬ó̼֮ͨޱߡ
ȺЩʰ֮ϵס
ַĿ⿴һǿߣĿ˸ŷâʥ֮ʱһѧԺУ漴ȥڤ磬ʥΪ֮֮֮һݸŶҪʢǿ󣬹ƼĻʰϵǿߣ඼ǹģҲв٣ʥݱǿ߶ࡣ
ʱе¶ȶȻ併ѩƮֻһӰһ֮̾һŮ̫ˣӿ˫ŮճڣͬӣҾ㶼ǿʵңŷǷıһˣΪ֮Ľ֡
Ϊһֱ̤ڵ˻֮ϡ
ѩѩ硢ʰˡȺѩ磬Ŀâ˸ѩǿվĿ˸Ⱥȥ漴ҵӰҲߵַ㡣
ѩĿ˻ϵѩĿѩ·ҪնᣬַǱߣϡ
Ƿѩ֮ˣʰʵ֮ս֮Ҳһˡѩ鵭˵ǿƣɨַһֻۣһۣ㽫ĿƿȻѩֻһЩ߶ûܹΥǵ˼ַʶʱ
ʵڵǿ١˵ַ΢΢ͷѩΪʰˣʵܲǿ
ʰǰʮλǿߣ˵վʾ۷ˣǲƼ̨ߵĶܹһ硣
˻ʵգЩţһãʵʰ
ȥˡַ֮΢΢ͷ漴Ų̤̤һʰ֮ϣλãڻʰڶʮλ֪ΪΣ˻ʹǰգֽλǰŲŲ
˱ַ㣬һǰ֮һսӴ˳Ϊֻλʵľ磬Ѿڻʰڶʮλˣ츳ǿ
츳ȷҪͼսĻǱذɵģ˾̫󣬵֮ҲռƣͼĲֲλʰʵգҪַ֪᲻䡣
вϳַ㣬ڣַ㣬ҲǴ˴εĻʰʵˡ
ַ֣ղɡֻһһһϯۣһĳ̬͸ţַ΢΢ͷ
λʾ磬̤ʰǰʮϯλҪȡǰʮϯλǰ塣ַ㿴ųЦʹóһâӶ̤һ˻֮ϣˬЦֽԿɼ
պˡȺ֮УѧԺǿĴԼʣɵаճ͸š
˴λʰʵʰҪ䶯ˡָо
֮ϵϼԡ£гƮĻʰȥ漴˻ʯƷ塣
䣡һɺظжȻ䴫ȺĿȻ䳯Զȥֻһʯ·ӵ㣬߱Щʯ˻̨ϣ漴ʼ϶ɣһ޴ޱȵʯˣʯ˷·㣬̤ط·Ҫѣ¡¡֮
ˣʯ˼̤һ˻֮ϣǻʰڵλãһƿֲʯƳŰ˷ȥغݺݵĲ£֮ʯϵȥ棬һδСʯˣ·һܰ㴣ǣʰˣʯƷ壬ʯˡ
սɮһҫĿսɮӰ֣ԡڷ֮УӿֲֿսϢϷ壬ս֮壬սɮʰġ
ڶսɮ֮һ֣ʱΧȺȫоһɺ֮Ϣ·֮磬ֺ꣬˸о£֮ϣͻȻצһɹ糯¿չᴩ£һ۵ӰϺްѪɫͬ㣬·ûаƮƮĽ˵˻֮ϡ
޹񾭣ι֮ɹսɱ˲ѪʰʵǿޱȣڻʰǰʮϯλаһλǿߣûԸֶ֣̫Σˡ
˿֣һɺ⣬ƽѼһ棬ͬĹ㣬䣬񾭱һаΣյĹž飬˵ӵ壬ܹ޳ɣ˵ĸоȴֻʣûʡ
ʱ֮ϣƶʹȺɫһȫȥֻſֲķս㣬ͬХͺХըѣط·Ҫ
ˣ
ˣ
һֲ֮շ·ڲƿХǷƲľڣϿսĳӰӭ̤
ɡ䣡˸֮ϣȻʥǿߣʰ֮ǰϯλռߣΪʥʾǿˣʰʵδʼǱѾʼ˽ײ
ңԶȻ̤֮󣬱·ߣһɹɿµ˷·ʹ񷶼һƬ󺣣ޱȿֲǵӰĳ¿Ʈ䣬ĿʼŶԷ
ɡ䣬˴λʰʵҵҪǵĵ³һʹɺͼͬʱ
˲һӣӰڵһ˻֮ϣպա
ͬλһ̣ʰϵǿߣ˻мûг֣δ飬Ҳ֪ǵλãȡ滻


1949 ʵ
̨֮ϣ˻ʹĿ⿴죬漴ˣڵʱѵδ֮Ҵӻʰ˹Լһʰ֮ϵսɣڣλã˭Ҫռݣ⡣
ջʰʵȻң˿ռЩδ֮˵λãҲʱѣ޹ؽҪҪصסС
л£ʱǰһԵ˻Ȼ࣬ǰһλȻûв֮ͬʱȺ֮Уⲽ̤Ƕ˻֮ϣջʰʵǻʰϵˣҲܽ˼
ûйãһ˻֮ϣÿһ֮һӰưˣպա
ʦܣһ׶Σǰֻ֡жŷ쿪˵ֻ΢΢ͷֻһ̤֮ϣĿɨȺжҪʶʰϯλڣվ
һԡֻһӰ̤յжһӰ
ҲԡӰ֮ϣֻƬֻնദӰ
²ܡаǶվˡַĿ˸̤֮ˣӡ²Լаʣ˵Ϊֻλʵľ磬ȻΪսǲƽΪġ
ʱַĿתֻ̨ӰͬʱȻǺԼä
äʵ˵ʰ֮ϱһϯ֮أʦֻ֮ʰ֮ϣҲһϯ֮ءַĿ¶΢Цӡ²Լаʵ֪ôˣ˵յˣǳΪֲλʾ磬֮ʵ£ѧԺĴĴԡ
ʮҪʶʰȡ֮ˡĿ⿴̤յӰĿ˸ʰʵգȻǻʰ֮ա
ŵϦҲջʰʵʵ֮ˣκ˲ò֡һ֮أûʮǿվñֱ
Ŀֿ˻ʮˣ˵ڣʶǰϯλߣҲվһ˵սսܣ㽫ֱӱ߳ʰ񡣡
ʰʵδʵ㱻̸߳ʵֻһ˻ڡ
ᱻ߳ǰŲҲ塣һ˻ڣʹַ¶һĨ֮ɫԭΪЩ˻ҪǰŲλãȴû뵽ʮ˽Զǰ㣬Щս֮˶ӦˣܽλǰŲҲ塣
֮Ϊȣ˭Ŀ⿴ֵʮˡ
äϢûаĳǰ̤һȻͫʹò¶֮ɫˣϹӡ
ɷʵ
ä֮äɫƽ˵ʹòĿһ֮
Ŀ⿴ʮˣƽڣ˭
̺Ĺ֮⣬ܣҲСֻһ̤վڽäǰһɺϢʹϵĳ۶һɿµ͸
äŲǰ̤ϢƽȻ䣬âҫĿٶͻȻü֣һ⺮ݣƬط·˹⻪貵˼£̵Ⱥ۾ϣ޷Ƭձ
𣡡һ֮漴͵Լֲı֮գޱߵĺݺύӰĻֻԽäǿ˫ͫѪǳ۾ȻϹ
ҿ˹֮ȴҳΪϹӣ޷һס㣬ä۾ɲѪ漴ĽŲ̤뿪ߣäղڵ˻֮ϡ
äĹ֮ԽԽˡַĿ˸⽣äȷʵǸţ̨˲̨֮ͬˣҪʥäȫԼֶĳտ񣬶ԹĳտΪϹӣΨн֮ܿ
̨֮ϣ˻ʹִ֮˻ʱʣäֿ˻ʰ֮ϣʱĳһλãڣûеλ֮ʱ
Ҳսʤ˶֣һǰֻֻ֮أ񣬺ֵֻ֮ӵľտЩöٲ̤˻̨֮ʱźԵֻأ֮ڣʰףλá
Ⱥˣӻʰгäͺ֣ȡ֮
ûȻȴкüѾʼӴ֮ﵽԵ֮ӡ²ԼаȡһλãĶ²ܣǧӡ⻷֮ţӡֹλʶоĲΪʡ
а񱩣ܹԽ罫ֻͬսʤ֡
ַǵսָоһЩ֮ʵһʵķԾƾǿ츳ĨƽĲ࣬һ֮ʵầˣʶʰǰʮϯλ
ʮս˴ӻʰϳȡ֮ʰʵδȺ·Ѿ˴˴λʰʵĲпᣬȻҲ˷ܣ⽫һսʢ磬֪мܹһ
ÿʮһȵĻʰʵգǿߵ֮ʵһ̨ס
Ŀɨˣ漴ι˻̨֮ϣһΣ̤ˣʵʰˣ֮ˣлʰǰʮϯλټϸղŵĽäԼ֣ʮ֮˭©ˣԡ
ʮ˵֮ʥݵʾˣʵ֮·ѡа̾ʮˣ̫ˣҪ֪ټʥݣ޾ǿ߲֪ж٣޷ͳƣʰʾսҲֻʮѡ
û©˻ӣлڣ漴ֻ̨֮ϣһޱӴĹӳ֣λ˻ʹӽ̧𣬹У漴һʱ˻˻̨֮С
˻ӣʵӣӶ֮Ϊʵ֮
Ҳԣһǻʰʵ֮˻ӣ˭޷ܣ뿪˻֮˿ȡ֮λãҪŵܻ֮ڣȱµʮˣʰʮϯλʧȥ֮ʵʸ񡣡
лڣ漴Ŀɨˣ˭һǰ˻ʵ
ֻһӰ̤޼ɣʰʮλ
ãһ˻ʵˣ漴ֻһ˻֮ϣӰϥ£ſֲϢɫ£ʰʵҪʼˡ
޼ν˻ǰϳƮʰ֮˾㶼ͷأʰʵôɡ
Ȼ䣬ֻ޼һ̤Ȼſ죬һ
𡭡һֲ֮˻ϣ֮䣬һٵֱӳһ˻ȥؼ·Х֮
ꡢ͡˵ֱӱ˺ѣֻԺҲ·ҪըѰ㣬˱ͷޱʹࡣ
ֻ޼ٶǰ̤ӡ˻ϣʵѣʵХɱ
һȺ˻ϣֲ̼ĹĻɨأ֮񷣬¡һ죬ֻһӰ˳ȥ³ѪԴЩը


1950 ʵŵ
޼֮֮ܽɱ˻Ӵݵȳܲס֮ˣʰ棬ȱ̭ʮˣǽûкʵʸ񡣡аԻʰʵ֮Ȼ˽⣬ʵƵ
ʱַֻоһɿֲХڶĤ֮УХʹ궯˺ѣҪɱһˣ˿˻֮ϵ˶ͬ˭˭Ҫ̭
ֻͣһ˵屻˺ķѣѪ͸˳屻˻
𡢺𡢺𡭡ֲ˻𣬶ʱкüӰȺ޷ɵֻϣֻصĵ⽫˶У·ԼʹֻصУɵ֮ڣԷĵ޷ʴ룬ʹҡ
ӡ²ǧӡ⻷Χ֣¡¡ı֮ӡ֮ϣ赲ǰ
аӿֽ⣬˷·뵽һ֮У翣ܹ
äǰ֮ҫޱߣԹն
˻ǿ߶ʼԹֿЩȥģ޷ֿ޷֮ˡ
ֻʱ޼ٶŭХһ˻ӣȴһɿֲ޼ɵϣ̼޼屬ˣ۵³һѪֻ˻ص˻֮ϣϥҪָƣյУǿֲĵҲڽɢΡ
һӰʼЩ˻֮˵Ŀȱһпȱ֮ǰŲϣЩ˵ˣݱ˵ĳ˻֮ϣû飬ˣ޷ֿʵãǵαѾǹ̶ˣʵʸ񣬵Ȼǿ˻֮ŵ̵
ʰʵգӡ֤ʵŵ֤Ƶ
˻ʹǿߣִ˻ʱʣʼдʰȺĿ⿴Ǽ֣ӡб䶯ˣڻʰʵ֮зǷ֣սǰǿߣ˻ʹҲΪдλá
˻йŹ֣õأ޼ԼַĿⶢ˻ӣӾһֲı
˭˻ʹʵٶȿ˵ֻһӰȻ̤ʹȺͫ΢΢£̤֮ǽӣʰǰʮǿߣ˵ƿصĵǿʢ£˻ӣ֪ж˽˻
һԽ˰ɣҵҪ˻кιŹ֡Ͻɫԣֻ˿˵·˻ƽ֮ɫɻƽƤ͸Ž֮⣬ҫ۵Ĺ⻪
ֻȺɫӵϥ£ѾƿֲϢ׼ֿӵӵĵǳ񱩿£һСĻᱻĨɱ廯ƽ
ֻϷ·һƽʥ㣬ߵ˻ǰȻӳһɵХ¡һֲ̼֮䣬أ˶˻ӵãһĵ֡
ʱַɫ΢䣬ֱֻۿʼƽǣ·ֱҪƽ㣬Ȼһ̣һ֮ƽ壬
ɢַŲݺݼ̤˻ֲֿħٹ⣬ǹɵҪѣͬʱֲػʴ
˶˻ƽѾǻƽ壬ΣԵߵ˻ӣؼȫǻƽâֻһǿӰ׻˻ƽ漴¡һ촫Ȼըѿ飬ɵĨɱ
ˡ޷ֵסˣ̤˻
ŵϦҲֻһ£ѱƽ𸲸ǣɴɽҪΪעʵ
ˣһ죬˻ƽŤ·ʱըѣȻȴÿεҪͷȹϢķڣʣʹùȺ𺳣˾Ȼŵͻƣʵһʹõ
˿̵ĽӱҲùֻŵĻƽʥƶŤ·ҲͬҪѰ㣬˻ӵˣҲͬڳǹɵұ˳ܸǿĵҪȥԼҪܹס
ˣһ˻ϣ̼䣬˻Ϸصĵ·ӣᴩʹýϵĻƽ׶鿪ѣһֱ۷죬·ʱ۶ѵΣ
ˡһֻ֮˻֮ϣѾмʮλǿ޷ܣ˻˿˿ӷ裬ͼס֡
ȻһȲδϽӣ·û㣬أһµĹ£϶ˣʹԶȺ𺳣̫ˣһ̣һӰѣڶλʰ֮ϵǿߣŵεȲҡ
ٶֱ̧ۣʹϢ֮УȻһֱ̧̣ͣûôȥ¶Σա
ղֹʵҪ֮ˣ̾һ漴ֱ۷£ʹ˶˿ȻȺĿɨ˻֮ϣѾʮ˱˻Упᣬ˿Ҳǻʰϵǿߣһ츳ףȻȴ˵֮£֪ʰǰʮ֮ʵжǿֱԵĻ˽շѹɱ
ʱַţϽٹҫ漴ֻ΢ʱӿһɹɻƽ֮³ʰʵƺ˴˴ʵֹǼ򵥵ĽѣǵĽʵŵƵ
ˣһӹֻа̼併˻ǰֱһƺɱֲ̼Ӷ޾ʴֱ֮ʴ˵֮Уʴ֮ҫ
Ⱥոյסӵĵаٶֱֹʴ⽵˵ϣʹֻоڵĸã·ҪøʴֵаǳԵ
ϣʼһɱκεԶ޷֮ʱȫ
һɿҵʹõܽһǰԶһͬưŵ
ʯʯƷ廯ʯ֣ѩǰƮѩκεҪ𣬻һ˸עĿǹɵϿֱֲӽûǳڣ·һ
ʰǰʮ֮ˣÿ£Щ˻ӣ޷ʴǣЩҪ֮໥ʵֳܷʤа˵ܿ죬м޷ֿ˳˻²Ҫ̫ãʮ


1951 ɱ¾
а˻ӣЩ֮ǰѾ̤˻Ļʰǿ⣬ʮ޷֣˻ζŻʰʮλѾ֡
аͶ²Ǽ˾Ȼڼ֣ϹԼƿֻ֮ǿߣҪ̤ʰǰʮϯλôĿ⿴˻֮ϣ˻ѾʮλˣֲЩ˻֮˵Ŀȱϯλǽλá
ڴʱֻһޱȵӰ̤սѩ̼䣬Բ֮أ·𶼻ѩ죬ռ¶̼併ֻѩ˻ǰĿƽ˵˻죬ʵƵ
˵գѩ糤Ӷһɿֲ˪֮˻ϣ̼䣬˻һ㺮촫նᣬֻкЩӰֱӱ˪ǣ˶ɪɪ
ˡˡˣѩ糤ٶ趯죬ûصĺ˪ϮأֻλǿӰ˻˺˪ⶳᣬ֮ţڵθ⡣
ˣһŭһ˺ϵ屬˶˻̼о泩ǹɿֲѹоԼǰĽ
ѩӭĵһѩȻûƬ̵ֹͣٶǰ̤һ˻ӻصһǿ˻ʮѵ˻ʹִ֮˻ʱʣʰʮǿȻ񣬲ٱ仯Щ֮ˣɻʰ֮ǿֲ
ѩԼ·ҲҪⶳ㣬˿ԼſֲĵʵŵˣҲʴ
ˣ˻˵ߵһɿԵĵѩ˶ᵽ棬˻̨ϣ·˻ֱӹᴩ£첻ϣЩʰǰʮǿߣҲʼסǵλãҲпָܳı䣬ȻǺ滹л
˻̨£ԶȺ㱻˻̨ϵĹ˵˻̨ϳֵѩҲоһľѩʵÿ£ȥ½ʮ޷ֵˣʮ˵λ
ڰ˻𣡡Ŀⶢѩ磬ֻǱٶȳǰŲ£ֱۻĻӳݺݵĺ˻ϡ
ĳѩ壬ʹĽŲˣ漴ֱʼϢһ̣ķ˻磬˻̨һƬѩףһӰԾ˻ȺȻķ֣һ˻֮ϣһֻʣʮˡ
ʱַĿ˻֮ϣħǿʢޱߣϵ֮ҪⶼĨȻɱѩˣֺ䣬Ҫÿһϸкüѩĵ֮£ַ⵽ʵΪ⡣
˻̨˱ӵ磬þûɢ˻ʹûп谭ãȵȺ˹ѩһϵѩȫɢȥĽŲһ̤صԼڵ˻֮ϡ
Щ̤˻֮Щԥǻȥŵ
ǻʰѩǰļٶȳ˻ӣкεȿֲ龰֣ǲȥ
ŵθֻ֮һ૵Ųٶ̤˻Ϊʵѣһξ޴Ļʰ֮ǿƼڴˣߵ˻ӣлŵԸֻ֮ᣬǧѷ꣬ΣҲǻ
ʱЩ֮ˣȥ˻޷ѩᲢ۵ģ簲ĸЩʰǰ֮˵ĵ⡣
ˣֻʯڶˣ˻ǰʹȺɫ΢£ʯƷ廯ʯˣŹ֡
Ȼ䣬ʯ˵ȭͷȻ䳯˻Ӻ˹ȥ
ˡˡˡˡ죬ѩ绯˾ʯ磬һʯͬʱȺֱʯסˣ˵ֱ˫Żʯͷֻо޷ָӵöˡ
ˣЩɫ԰ף죬м嶼ʯͷʯ̫Ե

˻죬¡ıֻ֮һλʯֱӱըֱӻˣкЩ˵屻׵ʯ޷þȫ˻ɵ֣˻֮ϳܵĵǿҵġ
ַҲΪһʯֻоҪըѿȻȴǼǿֲĻʰţǴĻûмܹᲢ۵ġ
һɿֲı֮⽵ϣַϸϵ㣬ʹϷ·һĹ⻷ͬһ㣬𣬵ڰ˵˻֮ʱѪΪĵ޷ֱӶԿʯֻ֮ϵȥܣͬʱҲȥ֮
ôˣ鷳˫Ұ׵۾ɨȺһۣʯƷ֮ͬȰ˳ȥ˫һޱɣֱӺ˻ϣƬջ˺ڰ磬ȳȺԺ֮УצҪɱ
ʰ֮аޣ񾭡ɫһֻ֮ͫз·߳˺üħֱ֣Ӳ˻ϣݺݵĳ˻棬һ̣˵Ժ֮г˿ֲĹ
ַϣ֮ڣһǿҹֳҹ棬ֱӳɱȥ̺
껯֮ҹɱȥʱҹ屬ѣȻֱӲ֮Уһħ֣оҵĲţ·־֮ģ걻Χˡ
ǻʰĹǿַһʱ֪Ѿкüֱ˻֮ϣ飬ҹĶûͣһħֱӳ˻ڣ˻ʹӡ
ɱ¾Ⱥͷɱʰϵˣܹӵǿ߶ӣӵǿ½ʼ˵ǻʰϵͻʰĹȣܶ˶޷ֲĲ࣬Եɱǡ
˿Ҳֻвʮֹܹܹ޶ˣڰ˵ʱһǺ֮쳹֮䣬ҽޱȣʹԶȺһЩɫ࣬ɱ⣬ЩУеǼеǣȴڹС
ܹϻʰûߣܳʾһãʰʵʱȺŷ֣ͬΪʰϵǿߣǰͺˣԭôֲ潻棬¾˲Ĩɱ


1952 ɥ
˻Ӱ죬ֻһλ˻ǿ߱˺ѣԴУ·߳һֲĹ֣ʹͷҲĵ̫аֲˣĵħ֣ɱ꣬¡
ֻʱԼҲȫ궯ǹħֳצҪˣԼɱ
Σ³һֻ֮âţﴩ͸˻ӣҽһҪ˵Ѿˣһɱ˺ѵͬʱ֪ж˻ǰʮǿ
ֻʱַԴбֲĻһƿµ⻷ӡĴԴгɱű겻̩ɽħֶ
ۻӶŵѪ漴һӣͬȰص˻֮ϣһ̣һ˻֮ϣֻʣȲĶʮңλַ֮ǰģкü뿪ˡ
Ӱ˸ַ峯ǰŲ˼λãͬʱ˻ʹǿ߲ϵ˻ʱд仯ĻʰͬʱһЩִӻʰĨȥʹ貵Ļʰ֮Ͽʮ˳ĿģЩˣڻʰʵϵǿߣʵ֮пɼһߡ
ȵزѾǰʵˣǵĵмǿ
Ⱥ˼Լɣ˻ӣʹõᴩ˻ǽһֺεȿµ澰֪ǷͬһΪɱ
ĿɨȺһۣĿַͣ˲䣬漴ĽŲһ̤˻ǰ
˻̼࣬䣬Ƭؼһɿޱȵı֮ѹ£˻̨ϣȫµ֣صݣֻ֮о屻˺ѿѪţԴҲҪըѵ㣬ʹޱȡ
˻ʹӣͬȺһ屬ˣֱ˻޷ˣټŵɵ֮¡
ڰ죬޷ü룬ֱӱҪȴҲ콵֮ݻ١
ȥ䱬һĿ⾹ֱַ㷽һı֮£һ̣ضַݣ·ÿһ鼡һǿʱֱܳ
ַɵϯȻϷ֮·ڶɣһӡ·˶ɹӡ⻷棬Ȼȴֻ촫ǹӡҲҪ֮ѿ
ȻŲٶȳǰһֲֿ̤⾳·ʹ춼Ҫȭâ·˷籩ڹ֮ϣ¡¡ŭХֹ˶ÿѪһ˻֮ϣǻʰǰʮ֮ҲҪݱܷâ
䣡ַϵĹӡ֮⳹׵ıǹŰĵ忪ѣַ΢һ̼䣬ָ
䳤ԣĿɨַһۣ漴̤صڵλã˻ڶϯλޱ磬̺ɽ
˻ʮ·ȫʩΪܹʮһʵ̫ˣĿƺַ㣬ռַ֮㵷֮Ƕ֪ģȻַ㡣
ɢ˻̨ϣֳƽַɫƽƺûа⣬˿̵Ѿվ˵ʮ˻֮ϣζųǰǰʮû˻֮⣬ˣ̤˻֣ҲڻʰŲλ˻ʰʮϯλ
ȺĿ⳯Żʰȥֻо˼ǧʱʰǰһЩûб䶯⣬ļȫˣɼ˴λʰʵĻʰ󶯵ϾƽЩԼ棬գ۶ʵ
ĬƬ̣жȺ˵˭Ҫ˻ʹӡ
˵Ŀ⿴ɣȻƺ˻ʹӵ뷨Ǻм¶̤˻ʹӣǵĵȴ޷̫ĹȺԺɻŸղż͹ʵ
˻ӣʵӣսʵ챮м֪֮˻кַ֮а˵漴ֻĽŲǰ˻ʹ֮ǰʹòɫһַ㣬ҲҪߵӡ
ַֻϣһӣ⻷˻Ӷȥ죬֮쳹أͬȻֻһ죬޷̫ķ죬ȺֻǸܵһ֮£ϣȴǿҡ
ַŲǰһ⻷һӭߵŵԼͬܵ
һɿŰַֻ֮صڿգ·һɣڲ֪Уؼ֮磬ʼȺڣʹò˸оһĺ⣬
ɵ˵ʱǹ֮⿪ʼعƬգͻȻһƬţȺֻоһɹɿֲ͸û꣬˶ң·ڱʴǹɺ֮⣬øӵǿҿֲˡ
ɥӣûйôаûмô죬Ȼɥȴ·һҪ˴Ԩ
ߵɥ֮ʱؼ籩Ⱥɫɲ԰׻ң˸оԼ·Ҫڸ⾳
ڰ˵ɥ֮죬ֻü˲䱻ʴֱƺһȥϢǸղһ˲ԥǵĻϢģûбô񱩣ٵʱȴֱӶ
Ⱥɫọ̈̄Щ˻ϵǿҲַ㣬Ȼ˵ڰ˵ɥӡ
һƿֲַŰ뵽֮УַͬڸʴȻĿȴȻôļᶨŲǰ̤˳ȥһĻֱ屬ˣ뿪˻ǵھŵɥ죬֪жôֲ١
ɥ˻̨ϣΨ֮ƲݣǼӰֱȥû˰Ծ˻аַ㣬ӡ
ַ㰲ĸҲеţȻϣʼһ·㲻ģĵ֮Ǵ֮
֮⣬
ʮǿ񱩵·˿ռľ룬ֱӳ뵽ȺڣϿֲı͵ͷţʹЩȫȻʴ嵱УҲ֮
ԣڷ裬ַ΢ٶû˻ϣͬʱһֱ֮˼ȥ
ȥɥͬʱ졢뵽嵱Уʹ˲ң


1953 ʵ
ɥӷ·ԶϨ㣬˻̨ϣƬռ䣬һӰ̤˻ȻûԤϵַ㾹Ȼܹʮһֲ̣籩Űڼ嵱Уԡڿµı֮УĻǹʴ껹
ͬʱͼڹ⻷ҫĿͬһҫۣʹޱǿʢڣ֮κβˡ
Բѡ³һ֮صڿգַսս
ַϣʱǹɷ籩УǹɵоѾǸˣҪɢһжнԶ
Ȼ嵱У·ʼһƲͬһյư㣬ػ
ŵϦ֮Ȼҵĵַгһ漴ȺȻĿע£ַٶȳǰ˳ȥһ̣Ⱥ඼¡
һȣ漴ʮɥ죬¡¡ͬХ뵽ڣʹоԼҪȻ䱬˶ֱ뿪˻֮ϣɫ԰ס
뿪˻ļȻûаĽٺ֮˷ܣеֻǱ裬ַ˻˿̣ȴҲַûռκεƣԣһʧܡ
ѣѲȻҼܱ֮ɱкáַٶȳǰ̤˻ϣһ̣˻̨Х޾һ˻ᴩ£һ̣˻̨һ˻ûһӰɸɾȫܿΨַ㣬ɻ˻̨ϡ˻ǰǹɻ뵽嵱Уʹ˽ַӰ
ʮɱ𣡡ȺĿⶢַ㣬ʱַңһͬ˰վǹ籩С
ˣȺɫ̣˻ǰַӰ
ڻʰʵ֮գΪɣδ뵽ܹĿãδ̫ϧаַܹ̾ʮѾ츳ֲԵ̣ȻΪȻ˵ʮվԼĵ֮¡
ȻʱֻһȻ両֣һʰֲĲҡϣգ·㣬ַϣͻȻӿֲֿ̹⣬Ϣȫɢˡ
һĻʹͫûַ㣬֮˵ʮ˺˻Ȼ
ֻ˿ַȻ貶Ŀؼ·𶼻Ϣӿ֮У漴ַֻ̤صԼڵ˻֮ϣʹһƬš
Ҳ׷̤˻ȴвƽĿ⿴ַ㣬һԵǿ󣬾ԲڻʰǰʮܸǿҲǸ֣ܹвʰǰʮǿߵĵλ
˻ʹǿҲĿ˸ַܹʮ˻Ϊ죬γǰ̤˵ûҪ˻ӡ
һĬԼַ֮󣬼ûֵܹزˣַ㣬ʮΣĻûбҪȥʵ˻ˡ
ǽӲӵ˻ʰ֮ϣѾжʮλȱϯλȫǿߣĿģһεĻʰʵƺΪĲпᣬû֮ˣȴо˸ֵǿʢ֮ǶԵĸҲԽַ֮Ǹоᵽ˵֮һֺεȿµ
˻ʹǿƮ˻ߣ漴пڵЩ֮ˣʰʮϯλˣʧȥʵʸѶ
еĻ£ʹò̾ϢʮλǿߣټϺʮϯλʮλζŽʸ໥ʵ֤ˣֻʣ˶ʮˣʮλǿߣȫ˵֮ǿߣ־棬ʹùȺ̲ס̾ϢһЩ˵֮ǿߣʧȥʵʸʰʵŵ̨
ʦܣְɡĿᶫϣ˵
ᶫ΢΢ͷŲ̤ȺʵʵʵҪ֮κˣɶŻʰǰ֮ͷĵ֮˭ȱ˻Լ֮λã˳Ųܹλڼǿ߾һ˶޷ֱϯλ
ڣ֮ʵɡᶫָʰڶʮλǿߣ˵ʱ˽Ų̤վȺǰһ˶޷ȥ㽫ͣڻʰڶʮλ
ַվ˻֮ϣֻǿϵϢ̼䣬һƿֲս֮ϯأϡ
ǿʢľ־ĪǴبѧԺ
䣡Ȼ䣬ȺֻһӰһ˹ɱȥͬһֲսߣֻһ֮ſֲĽ⻪̼ǰһ͵ıѿһɿֲˡ
𣡡Ǳǿ߱һʱһӰ·ըѵ
ʹǷǿɫ΢£Ŀɨˣ漴ĿⶨַϣַȻǿȻΪȽϵͣҲ뿪˻ֻҪ뿪ʤս
ˣֻһַֻ̤̼оһս߳ɱЩս߶ӵſֲս·Ҫɱء
ַĿһЦΪͣ
Ȼ䣬ַͫ׻ңֲַֻ֮һʱǧ֮ɱأЩս߱ӡӡ̼ɢ
ɱַ㱬һ˫ͫ׽ŶԷ֮У·һħɱŶԷ۾гȥͶԷһս߽֯ײͬʱ޾֮ɱʹɫ䣬ˡ
һɹɻɫĳŶԷȥͬʱԷţַֻӶʱ֮ӹŶԷɱ
ˣֻһս̤Ȼȴֱӱ֮ûַеøӵĺˣң͵Х֮޾֮ӶԷԴб̼䣬ɢʧȥɣ峯¿׹ȥ
ߡɱַһߣѺ˲Ҫ
Ⱥַͫеıɱͷ΢΢оһĲһĵȻǿֱԵɱˣʰʮλǿɱ
ַ㣡ԶȺ֮УһɱӶ֮ˣǼ֮ˣվ˻ʰǰʮλȴַɱ
Ȼַͫױʵ棬Ĵ֮ʱǿ߹ղŴŭҲ˻ο֮ˣ


1954 ʵ
ַǿҲΪȺ˾ӣȻ֮Щʵ֮˲ַ㵱ƵĶʵ棬սȣ֮棬̺Σ֮ϢУʮսΨַͻʰǰʮǿûƣվڵʮһԼʮλ֮ˣʵ档
ᶫĿ⣬лʰʮϯλַϡ
ˡᶫ˵ַ΢΢ͷ漴Ų̤Ŀɨ˻ϵˣʵʵʰڼǿߣܼʵʸ񣿡
һʵ»ʰʮһϯλʮϯλֻʰǰʮ֮ˣȻֻҪʵɣ㱻ǰʮɻлᶫƽӦַ΢΢ͷһζҪռݱȽϿǰһϯλܹȶڻʰǰʮϯλĻҲǰ֮ʵ¼һҪսȹλãȻֿԺС
а°ɡַĿ⿴ʰڰϯλа£аóʴ֮壬Ĩʴ֮ӦûΪɣڻʰھŵĽԼʰʮӣַ㲢̫˽⣬ַɲΪʰھԼʰʮ˾һȻʰڰ˵Ҫ
ʼգʰǰʮϯλȻûй䶯ɼʵ֮ȹ̣֮ǰƺڱƽ⣬ûжҡλȴģǻʰǰʮĽսַҪȥһλȥͱҪһ˳˭㲻ǵˡ
аüͷһ壬ַ֮ͫɫȻñַ㣬Ȼѡ
֮䣬˫֮ЯֲаµԺ֮Уаɫһʴʴĳַ˹ȥȻȴַӿǧٹ⣬Ȼƿɱذʴ֮ȫҪĨȥ
Ҫܵа䣬˻һ̼ɫ䣬ʴľַ㣬Ƭضڵɫ
ĵСַһ̤֮У֮ɱа£ͬʱƻӶ̼¡¡Ĺ֮һӡϮЩʴ·ȫУ˲
Ĺ֮ؼ֮ӣаϯȥаɫһ˫ƾ̼ʴ֮۳һɿ籩֮꣬ײ
ȥ֮ʴаµ޵֮·ӵĿƻӶʱһӡһϯȥͬԶŵĲצа¿ӳ˹ɫӲһҪˡ
а΢˻ʹĿ⽩ˣֱַ̤ϣʱȡλãλӻʰڰ˵ϯλ
һźŲ£ȫŲλãµĻʰʮϯλ֮˿ʼʵɨһۻʰǰʮ̾һ˳ŵϦҲλֻ
ѡ˻ʰһɣŲһ̤ɶȥ
ǣؼ䶸Ȼ˻ķ籩ʹĽŲһͣĿ⽩ţؿ˷·ڲĶţĿһͬǳҫ۵Ĺâһ̣زϵıѻ˫屬ˣ˫ֻӶضҲݣ˷·һɻصķ籩֮Уʴӡ
һݺݵĻؿڣʹ³һѪ屬ˣȻֱײ˺Զһ˻֮ϣɫҰס
֮ˡ̾Ϣһλãעڻʰʮˡ
ʰʮǿߣ
һ̣ԶȺȫ¶˷âΪһƥʵ£ʵʱ̣Ὣ˭漷һ
Ȼ䣬Ŀ죬ʰߵǿߣһ̣ͫбһĿ֮⣬ҪŲһŲλá
ȺĿ˻֮ϣＫٱ¶ľս֪ﵽжôǿ󣬽գʰʵϢȻҪʰʵ֮һ췭ظʵʥ۷·
ɿˡ˫ͫ׷·ɫޱߣҫĿޱȣ̼䣬·һյҫҫĿ
ĽŲ̤˳ȥȥ˫ͫ죬Ȼ䣬ͫ˺ڶȻ䳯˹ȥ
𣡡һ֮ͬһĬѾõߣͷٹ⣬һ̣ҲսоѪ꣬޷ܵԼĿƣľ־š
䣡һֲĹŻͬһޱȿֲľ޽ɱ˹ȥһӴѹշѹһ̣ĹŻ־ȫɱͲȵ־·Ҫ۵³һѪɫҰס
𣡡һıֻ֮оԼ־ǲܿƣ궼ŤҪһĺȻ֮УŭХһ⣬峯ˣѵĺˣ뿪ǹɿµ⾳˳˻֮ϡ
һ̣˵Ŀȫųͷ𺳲ݣþö޷ƽϢʵÿ£һ֮£ض죬ʰߵǿߣȻһ˻ղǹ⾳·ضҪû
Ҳԭأ·𲻸ĽǴ˿̣δܴӸղŵлعԳȻ𺳺Ϳ־塣
ֻӶ̼ռڵλãʹɫӲ¡
ﾹȻѾôˡַ㿴Եǿߣ̾һָоһλʰʵ»пֲ仯ˣ͵ĳͬһĹŻʰ㣬֮ԣ·ǽ֮ǡ
ɺͼĿⲻĳųڰǰеǿߣڲ֪Ѿߵ˻ʰߵλãᳯҵİһλýǿĳ
ַһϯληʰھŵλˣĺ棬а¡ӡԼӣʰھŵĽԼʮӣǷֱڻʰʮһλԼʰʮλ
Ӻͽӿǰǿߣ˿ǰԲ˵Ƕǰģںϵַͳܹѡȥ
ڣڳûκεİգղһĻʶǸֲĴڡ
˿̵ĻʰǰʮΪɡ䡢սɮʯƷ塢ѩ硢졢ַ㡢а£
ݣʹһǿѹԼȥ
ӵĽŲ̤˳˼˻ʰǰʮλã㲻ΪʵֻΪҲҪȥȥս


1955 ǰʮ
ĿǰʮˣʰǰǿߣݲǣɡаǿĹ񾭣ʯʯƷʵҲǼǿᣬټѩѩ磬ҲǼѶԸٽų⣬ƺɹѡֻλˣҲǴ˿̻ʰǰʮλ졢ַ㡢а¡
ȺûЩѾվڻʰ۷ˣʥܳʮˣͬʱŭˣ
ַа£ôѡĻȻųַ㣬󣬾ҪԼа¶ѡˣĿ⣬ͣаµϣһĻʹаüѾַܹһΣӣֽĿͶ
да͸űɱ⣬漴ֳֻջ̼䣬һ𱦼׳֮Уſֲ֮⣬Щ֮ϣƲҫ貶Ŀ
ʴаŭһ̼֮ϳһͷʴŭ¿յɱ˹ȥʹϿնһƬڰ
֮⡣Ӵһͷ֮ϣһ𱦼˸֮âĻڵסʴŭɱ£ֱӱѣ޾ʴĳӿȥ
𡣡һʱһͷż֮⣬ʹʴ֮Ӱ٣â֮ȫ
ɱһӣһ𱦼׳аɱ˹ȥֻһ𱦼׻µն޸ֲ̺ɱͬʱб׻ĿâҪնΪĿ
Ҳǵ𣡡ַվаԵ˻֮ϣĿͷŷâӲϷֲĹӣǿߣصļ壬Ƿǳصһ壬һ㣬͹ŽЩƣӵŽó壬ó⻹ַһμּǧ򻯣ܻͨ
аµʴ֮ǳΣգǣʴ֮ĹΪһ⵽ƣһսаҪ˻
˵սԽĲңؼȫǸֱ֮ԼʴͨӲǰУаȽڵ౦ͬʱ֮ʱа˻ʰʮλ˳
ӽŲһ̤Ҳվ˳ʱѾ˻ʰʮϯλɳܣֻȥĿ
ƽԵ壬ӺΪʾһٮٮߣȽϣȻվֱӳڵ˻̤˹ȥ
ϵϢһսޱǿƽ˻ĳ裬һսƱҪҫٱӺȥ潫Ȼ޴档
貵Ľɫ⻪ҫĿײƽĵ֮֮һ֮ﻯΪƽ漴ʹ֮ѡóĵͽӵĵԣֻҪǣܹڻ
˵ս֮ղӺаµսҪ񱩣ֱ˻ǰײսݣҲΪңһֱ۱֮Уֱӱѵͬܣ屻ɫǣ漴ڻ˵ÿ죬嶼Ҫڵֵ⣬̫Σա
ӣ㻹ǹȥúɡ׵ĻɫΧһɴ֮䣬·κ˽ӽҪǰ
˵ղűǿ˻ʵȴǷǳǿģͻƽΪ壬֮ǰڽǰ棬˻ʹ˺ûдȷʵҪȽǿ󼸷֡
û뵽Ҿἷʰǰʮϯλ̾һһ˿į֮⣬˴λʰʵǰһȴû뵽˻ʰʮϯλ֮ǰλ
֮·ˣ죬ǵˡŽӵĻа̾ǿֻ˱ǿԲ˵ʥݵ¿ɲȻղǿƻ죬Ȼ˶Ϊʶʰǰǿʵǿ
ַ㣬ĬĬڼ֮һսҲվ˻ʰھλ֪ܷһҪַ֪Ǵ˿̻ʰǰʮΨһλʾǿߣ츳ж¡
񣬻ʰʮϯλĽˣûʵսʰǰʮֵа£Ǳһ·ģɻлȥ¶ȡʰǰʮϯλ˶а²ãϾʰھŵַԼʮӣǲ̤ŵϻʰǰʮѶԸҲƲ磬ڳԼǰˣа¼ǲÿˡ
գаѡ˴˿ڻʰڰϯλ죬۱ӵ֮ݻٵѾˣаѡսʱʹòа̾а±ʰǰʮϯλӦģûѡղŽȥַӣûϮͼ͵ġ
죬аɰˣûܽȥˣаµ֣˻ʰʮһλãûʸʰǰʮϯλ
һ̣ʰǰʮʮѾȷʱΪɡ䡢սɮʯƷ塢ѩ硢졢ַ㡢ӡ
Լаµսܣʧȥʶǰʮʸ
ĿɨǽӲӵĻʰ漴˻֮ϵʮǿߣǣʥʾܳյλֽΣ
ˣλӦþڰ˾ʮλˣӣӦҲλãַ㣬ĵǿҪѩѩʯˣ̫ˣҲǰ˾ʮϯλеһλã
ʵȶǰ壬˭Ѳ²⡣
аţϾǰļǿߣûǵɸɲĸоս½ս
ʱᶫĿ⿴ǰʮˣҲվλã˻֮ϣͬǿ棬ֵһһǾžޣ˿һѷɫ
ʮˣʰǰʮϯλʵ潻棬ÿλᣬһλᣬζŷһȫڵλãٱ䶯ᶫ˵漴Ŀ⿴ӣӣڣɸʵ
ͫ漴ֻᶫʵսʤֱȡλãܣʰǰʮ֮һٸʵᡣ
˻̨µһâ˸ʵѡսĻʧܣֻõʮϯλˣǲսлʵˡ
˴λᣬںʵʤҲʵڹǰᶫƽĿ⿴ӣĵһʵᣬǻʰĹ


1956 ̨
ҷڿڣʰǳһֱȹԼĵλǰǻʰʮеĲ࣬²СֱսĻϣǳã
ãڶλᣬʵսǲսᶫٶȿڵʹĿһɫǳÿݾӻʰϯλղһŵʵĲ
ᶫõֶΣپ޴Ŀ顣а̾һֻˣҲ̫ϾռݻʰʮϯλܹǰһλȻãһΣѡ˷
ãһλᣬʵַ㡣ᶫƽ˵˵ͷĿ⳯ŵھλַȥȶһսõʰھŵϯλٳŵڰϯλȥ
ַ˸Ȼ䳯ᶫȥ漴Ų̤Ǻ˻̨λãӣҲĶ档
壬ӣ׵ǿǿǿ֮ʹؼףͨһ幥𡣡Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ڡ
ַ֮ƽ漴ֻܣƯһ׹⣬صĹҫѤޱȣʹַ㰵֮̾ء
ұ㿴ܷ֮ӵĮڣ漴ƻӶ̼䣬һ׳ַ˸ȥⱦŻ⣬һ֮âɫĽâͬһǰһܽɫĸ֮⡣
ַŲһ̤棬̫ͼȻ֣漴ֻ̫ͼʼܻӳȥַü֮âʢһâҫͬʱ˫ֳǰغħ֯⣬ܻһƹ⡣

ǽ֯ɵ˫ַµ̫ͼԼǰƣȺȻ£Ҫǳǿܹ˵زڶݵ˲۳󣬶ƿܻ
żǿһ֮ɳӵΰַ޷һ֮ɾȻ˶꣬ټʥܻҲѾ˷ǳϤĳ̶ȡ
ǿټɱı׽â̼ȻƬûֹͣԼĶһ֮ų󣬳ǰУһ𱦼֮ϣַ·𿴵󵶡޸컭ꪡҹ桢ɫľ·Ҫӱ֮
ȥֻӶʱһ𱦼׳ַҫ̼䣬׻ΣΪıڱգȫַɱ
ַһɣֱַֻӡУ¡һ죬ؼ·һ޴ޱߵĹӡպɱȥ֮һƬ㱦ױȫޡ
ͬʱ̫ͼܻԽȻӵ棬ʹͫ£ǰȻƯһɫļ׹⣬˲ţ˶棬ʹ˷·һɫļ£ĽŲַ㻺̤ܱߵıǰĽŲһǰ˳
ؽǿȺһĻаǿӣΪҲбػǹǷǳ
ַɫɣƽޱȣһǰ̤̼䣬пֲǰϯȥͬʱ˫̺֮֮ͫ⣬·Ҫӵͫ׶͸
ˣֻӻ֣̼һܻһɫĻبǰ赲ʴ
ַŲɣһ̤֮ʱ֮·Ѿܻ˼£һɿµ֮ǰ£ַ壬ʼԡڶĿ貵ħٹ֮УĽٹ·ڻ۳һâַǰҫ
ǿƣַܹǿ̤ʰǰʮϯλżȻԵǿսҲֲܿǹƣѾһֲĳ̶ȡȺ˻̨֮ϵӰĿޱȣԡ⣬ͬһսַԡħ⣬ͬϹŵħͷ
ңַǰȻҲڲϵܻƽ·ص֮ƣһز˳ǰХӶǳ¡
ƣҲھƣ챦ȫǰţ֪жôµȺаţ֮ʱǵмħԼɫĹ⻪Ѿײһ飬һµĹֱ񷣬˸о۾޷
̨ںϣܹŶǿַ૵ǰǵ۶Ŀֲħٹǰٹ뵽ƵУ̼·ٶȱһƳԶХȥַǰĿռ䣬·һ̨̨أÿһأħѹ·㱩Ǽ֡
Ѥ⡣ȺǾ̨⣬̲ס̾һҡǰƺӡ֤ŵǸǿ֮⾳
̨ǧеһ֣ǧַʼõĻֻǼļ̨֣Ϊսһ󷨣Ҫܷͨһִ̨أÿһأǿʢ֡
ӿһĻɫһ漴ŭһƿӳʱ֮ХĹֶΣַɱȥƬط·𶼱ѤĹ
ȻѤĹ⻪֮£һֲħ⣬ƺҹµǰ貣κ赲ǰҪ𣬴ĿĹ˼޷ǿֲײȻХ쫷Լ¡¡Ŀȴô𺳡
ǵ촫ϵĹǻĹֱӽ׶Ҳ˳ȥħֻѾûôǿȻʹоڵ඼ڲϵķţֱ³˼ѪҲײһ˻֮ϡ
Ҫˡַаһ漴ֻӶ̼޾֮ڶȥ̫ͼɢ
ɫ԰ףַ㣬ʵʵδַ֮Ѿսܣʰʮԩ
Ҫս𣿡ַӿʵ
ˣʵҲǰһߡӶַ㿪˵˫֮빥ӣӳըԵĿֲɵ֮Լı֮ʯܹ֮׻ַֹ޷ƽˣһսˡ
Ӻַص˻֮ϣ漴ֻ˻ʹǿִӵһ㣬ʱҫĿʵ壬ͺЩһζŴ˴λʰʵӵλ˻ʰʮλã


1957 ̬
ַսʤӣζʰھϯλѾȹˣλãܷٳǰҪ˭ʵˡаһ漴ֻᶫĿַϣͣƬ̣ƺʲô㡣
Ըַλᣬַ㶨ɡ䡢߹Ȼַ㶼ѡĻڻʰϵҲᶨڵھϯλȻĻλʰʵַ̫ˣôֻһս
ϣսʤɡᶫаһַ㡮չˡһǺãַսһ˭սʤһΪȤɡ
ַ㣬һλᣬʵ죬ܣսܣλҲҲòˡᶫ˵ʹȺɫ΢£ᶫȻһλûַȥսǰǣѡַӽ죬һַҪսˡ
ַҲĿᶫһۣ漴Ų̤˳ٴ˻̨漴ֻҲ̤˫ɫ˸о£Ҳһɫ⻪
ѾˣҲ㣬ɡַĿ⿴죬ƽ˵ȻȴɫĮ⣬˸оĺ䡣
Բѡ˵һ⳯ӶƬգһ⣬⣬ڳַȥ仹δַȻַѾʼһƲǿҵ⡣
αأַ㵭Įڣ̫ͼٶȸ֣漴һӣ̼һ޴̫ͼţӶɫ⻪֯һ
ɱ챬һⶸȻ仯һǹַ㱬ɱ
ַǰһɫĹҫ֯貵ͼƣǿҵĿռ䷨͸
ȥַһӣ̼ɫͼƳǰ˸ȥɫĳǹֱӴɱ˽ɫ֮ϣȻֱݵУ·ͼԳƿռ㣬ǹȻûˡ
ַ㾳ͻʰǰʮвСĲ࣬ǿӳƺѷĵ
ַѾչʾ˺üҶǷǳɼַǳͨʦ
ɫĹ⻪̫ͼѾʼ֯һƺҪ̫ͼֱӸǵȻȴַŲ̤£ƻӶ̼䣬̫ͼУһĳ˹ȥ
һƳһģʱһĻ֮ϣȻ֮ͣϣ׳
֮У˷֮أȻȫһռ籩Ʒۣ֮һƹƣַü֮âʢ·һжڿš

Ⱥַ̣ͫշΪָʹ÷нܻ֯ΪһƣɾʵʵЩˡ
ǿߣһһͷ䣬ܳɾַ㣬ƺڳ·ߣ
ַ޷ƿƬط֮޷طͨȻɾͲȻԴ֮֮һͷܿؼķȻǺǿ󣬵ʥܻͬʱûġ
ʱͬʱ˸Ľɫ⻪һ򵥵Щռ󷨷·нɫĹ⻪ţᴩһĪϵ㡣
㲻ҵĶ֣ɡַӳһȭеɫĻѣĿ⿴죬ûаĲ
ɫ䵽˼£û뵽ַ㾹Ȼ˲оһǿҵ衣
͡ʧԭأһַ⳯㱬һַֻ̣оԼϱʴԽԽˣȻȴƻ̼Хûȥ
ͬʱĽŲ̤˽µĿռ֮УӰֱʧ֮Уٶ͵ĻӶĳȥ
ַûƬ̵ͣǿռ䴦󷨣ȻΪλλ֮ãڶݵ˲䣬ַһӰ⣬Ȼ˿ȴȥ˶ûС
һĻʹȺɫӲȻţַսҪ¹ˣȻΪʰǰʮǿߣȻôֻûصʼȫס֮ͣУȻַٶȳ˳ȥ̤գϮ£ֱӳ¿ձݻһС
ꡭеһжڱȺֻһ¡ı֮漴㿴屻ݺݵĺ˻̨̨֮ϣϥ˶ѪַӰͷϿ֮أǣĿ⸩£·߸ϣ
ɫӲľǱַһ磬ڲִٶԵе£Ҳ˽ŶԣַĹǴܿ¡
αأַ㵭Ŀ˵ĵⲻǿ޷ֱӶвּǿߣڶв˼ּԵ򣬵֣֮ܵ
ʰǰʮʵǿв˿кüˣǣУͬΪʰǰʮҲǾ޴ģͬͬΪʰϵǿߣǰʮȥԸˣշѹɱȻЩʰͨУҲǾ棬ͬһ磬ܹȫһʵ
ַص˻֮ϣһվλǻʰڰ˵λãղ֮أǱߵλվһ˿įڼǿߣ֮ǰַ֮ʱԴǱһ̬ȵģȻʱ΢Щӵ꣬γһվڸ߿ո£˫ƽУû죬ַ㣬ں


1958 ս
ַλȻʱǶѾһλãᶫĿ⿴죬ڵȻ˴սܣַܹ֮ǰ㻹лʵм֮ˡ
Ĭû˵Ұڳֱַ֮ѹƵ˲ңַ㻹ǰߵĻַ֮ˣҲԶԸˣʰھŵϯλˣ˴λʰʵûǰλˡ
ʱǿĿⶢ˻֮ϣֻĿâڻʰʵ֮ǰǱ׼˻ʹսβҰףλÿڡ
ԣСֽգɫ΢΢Щ԰ףַսʱͰˣսĽΣ뿴ģ壬»Ǻַɣ˸ûһ˿ˡ
үүַ츳ǿλ֮磬Ѿ֮ʦǿȻΪʥݵĴ¶˵Įĵ츳Ǻǿ̫â¶ˣҲǺ£ҵҪܹߵһ
˻̨ϣᶫĿ˳ϣʹɫһʵжǿ˷ǳҪ֪ģ֪ᶫóѡ˭սᶫóսɼ䣬սǷ
Ҫ֪ǳͷӦսĻһսܣʰλͽ̶
ᶫɨһ۳ǰ֮ˣ漴˵Ϊ㾡չʵһλᣬѡʵսǲս
ʰͫȻ£һӦս⽫һʵĶԾ
ˣֻﳤƮĽŲֱ̤˳ȥû˿ԥʹȺ¶ǿҵڴ֮⣬ӦսԾʰǿ߹
ʵǷǳֲģǰ˻ӣɱ¾ţʰ֮ϣǿ߾ʵУΣյһ
һ̤˻ڿգӯޱȡ
žѾʥ澭Ŷ֮˵Դ֪ľʵжǿϣҪʧźá·ԶôĲҰף˵˸оɭɭģĹӰ֮˵ʣɭǿĹ񾭣ʱҲΪаȡ
ῴġһɿӳϯⶸȻ֣֮䣬Ƭնһɿֲ֮⾳·𽥽ɿµķ籩˻ǿа̾ĵ֮⾳ǿܶ࣬ͬն
֮ԹŻ־㣬֪˶ٵʵľ־˵Ȼ䣬һХȺֻһõӰֱӳų˹ȥ̼û뵽˳Ժ֮С
⽻棡ͫǸղ˻֮ʱֱܹ֮֮УҪĨĻǣʱ͹ѾڽмΣյĽ
Ⱥ²ǰ㣬ʱԺ֮ھſֲսֻüֲ֮Ĺһµľ־űʹ˵ϢͬƼҡϣҪϾ㡣
ˣһֲŻʾ־ֱӳ˹Ժгȥֻ³һҲ
˵嶼յУһϿʼڵа֮һӰצ֣Ⱥͫ״ЩӰʱֻоһҪ뵽ǵ굱ȥʹǵ¡
ÿ£оĿӶܹоǿҵвɼʱ˵Ľжôֲ
ˣڴ˿ֻ̣ӳԺ֮У߳һõӰӰߴɣͬһµϣһɵ⣬Ҫһжû
飬־֮Ⱥͷ΢¡
ַ㿴˵սȻûô񱩣ףսһεġ
츳ôǿ쾭ʥԹŻ־ǳԴȻаͶ²ܵԴҲԲǻûķɣҪȵɵ֮󣬲Żо֮ϣܹȽԼӡһĪҲضǿʲɡ
ַ˿̲òǿˣ֪ٶֲ̫ˣԼ츳Ѿ㹻ټϸֻԵҲŵĵزΪλʾ磬ٶȣеľ
ֻ͡͡Ժ֮УͬһӰ̤һ߸ߴµҹ͸ſֲɷֳ־޴ޱȵҹ棬ǰ̤
Ĺҹײһײ֮ʱط·ڶҡ֮ϯأ֮֡
ǿ
Ѿ֪Ⱥٴγ뷨ˣ˵ʵ̫ˣ𺳵ս·Ҫ뵽ǵԺȥ޷Ĩ
䣡һֻ֮ҹ屬ѣĹҲǼΪӶûˣȻֻſһ̣̼֮ûɵӴŹ̤ȥµҪľ־Ҳ̵
ɫӵĲҰˣХһʱһаصԺУ屬ˣϢ
Į³һʱλֻƮòվǣͬղĹһ߸ϵߣȺУ·ͻȻøߴ㡣
ܻʰĹǿƶȡλã
ȻûʧĿųڵϣһֱٶȣһڹ֮¡
˵գӰƮȻˣŻʰĵλöȥսɮȫһλλڿճ˳


1959 ʰǿ֮ս
и̾ûдӸղŵսлعʰ֮Ȼûʧսʼʰλñ۾ᡣ
񣬻ʰǰʮϯλΪɡ䡢սɮʯƷ塢ѩ硢ַ㡢졢ӡ
ΪַʤӵѶΪսܣʧȥսʸ񣬶˵ǱսʱҲ޷ʵˣַλǰŲӵսȨûʸʵַǰǿߣҲһֻҪﻹڵϯλͲʵɡ
ʵ㽫ѩ𣬶ܹʵսҲԽԽˣΪֻսǰڼڻʰǰ
ᶫĿѩϣڵһλᣬʵ䣬սս
ѩͫ΢£ʵ䣬սܣʧȥʵʸ̶һλã˻лὫȥȻѩķ񣬼Ƿ֮Σս
ѩĽŲ̤˳ȥѩϢ̼֮䣬¶ȶȻü亮˲Ĵ˸϶ĸһ㴿׵˪ѩⴿ׵˪ѩ·Ҫǵ嶯ס
̤֮⻷ѩ˪ֻҪ壬ԶҪ
ˣֻѩ󣬳һѩ׵ӰͬѩĹ㣬ǹʱø󣬾ͼͬ㣬ϵŤӴ
һ֮ƴӼ˫ͫ׷·ʹնҪѩмıѩ˪ϵը飬ĽŲ̤˳ȥ壬սͬս֮ؼ
ѩûˣĽŲǰ˳ȥºı˪ضǣΧ绯ѩ磬Ƭѩ統УȻѩĻӰ˪żȥʹü·СĿռ䵱УȻСĿռ䣬ɣ⻷κ޷
ֻѩƻӶ̼һ춼Ҫնϵıѩն˼䣬ȴֻƳǰӯӯһգ̼첻ϣǾбȻ˿ȴΧȻ޾ѩУżɱѩ壬Ҳż̤ȥ
ܹ֮ѩһսѩذˡַаһԼҵı֮ǷϵȻԹʵ輧ң֮ȷǳֻҪǿʲôǰƶҪ⵽ƣκҶ
룬𣻱ѩǡ𣬳ǶԷԵԽ࣬õܿƣȻҲЩǱ֮޷Ӧģ罣äĹ֮İ֮⡣
ѩԽԽʼײһѩͨϣȻһ򷨣ͨޱȣҲɽԱ֮Լǿ֮ͨշѹ
ˣڴ˿̣Ȼ串һ㺮˪˷·𱻱ѩʹȺͫ΢΢һô£
ѩ۾
ע⵽ѩͫױޱһƬѩ磬һ˫ͫףѩĽŲҲ̤֮һֲżӡȥһжҪڶı˪𣬾
һĻʹȺɫ΢һҪ벻սô
ֻϵı˪ĻۣҪһȻڴ˿ֻ̣ͼڱ䶯ţȻ䣬һɿֲı֮첻ϣѿûΪһ˻ըѣХ죬ѩɱȥƬղϵķµı졣
ˣյıѩ֮УȻѩӰӣȻȴǰϵı󺮱Яһصıѩɱȥ촫嶼ҪᣬȻ˪Ҳѿ
͡У³һӰȻǼӰŭХһѩԺ֮УѩҲ·Ҫ㣬ݺݵ˳ȥ漴ڵأϥƷѩ
Ӱλص֮У漴ֻۣŲ̤عԭأʰڶλãûܹҡˣѩܴϢƬ̣ŷ˻ʰߵ˻֮ϣ˴λʰʵ࣬Ҳֻһλˣַ㣬ϵĻǰһߡ
ַĿ˸˼֮սǿľ־Լ⻯ΪһԹ񾭹һµҹǼµĴڣڸղţ껯ֱ֣شѩ꣬սȥֱӱ䵽˻̨ˡ
ꡢַֻϥһΪ̼䣬һ⻯˻֮ϣʹͫһһз֮˿̱ϥսô
˿ᶫ˻ʰʯƷ壬ֵʯƷʵˣǰ֮˵ѹԽԽˣʯƷʵĻֻսǰˣһǷǳ˲˵͹ҲΪһеĶսɮݿֲ
ʯƷ壬ʵɣΣᶫ˵ʯƷĿ˸ᶫ붷սɮսɣսʤһлսܣʵǰ֮ˣϣҲ󡣡
ãҳȫ㡣ᶫ˵ͷڶθĻᣬʵսɮ˷ֱе塢ϯλһսܿܽλõչ
ʯƷͶսɮսûʧսɮبѧԺϷ֮ˣķս⼫Ŀֲ֮Ϊʥ֮֮ʱڣճһսŷӳڶսɮϣһ̣սɮս·ӣ·Ƿ𣬾ʥԼ
һλʯƷͬǿֲط·𶼱ʯܹٻֿµʯս֮ͨǹǷǼǿᣬ֮춼Ҫر쾪֮ʯ֮˷ǣשʯʹøϵʯͷųשԣǶսɮĿֲҪֱӺϲܻķ
ⳡ춯صս˰ʱʱڽյĽ֣սɮսʤʯƷ壬ȻʯƷ岢ûиеǷϣһսսúʹ죬ҲԹڻʰ֮ϵ޷ǰˣ֮пǰȻʵҲַֻлᡣ
Ȼ˿ǲܵˣʯƷԼսɮǵʵ̫ǿˣַ㣬ϣҲãѩʱǵĹͷ·һˣǳֲǸղһսǿȼѩսҪҹ񫡣


1960 
ʰʮǿѾμѳɶ⣬ʯƷ塢ѩ硢ַ㡢졢ӣܱǻʰʰʮˣɡ䡢Լսɮǻʰǰʮǿߣֻгǿ̤˽ȥʯƷ屻ǰϯλ
Ⱥǻʰʮǿ֮ˣаҪսɮܷҡ˹ĵλܷҡ˼ɵλá
սɮѡᶫŶսɮ˵սɮѾǻʰǿߣǰֻˣΪܹ˵ʵǿᶫΪѶսɮѡ񣬶սɮѡԼΪаյǿս
սɮ𣬷ǰͬɮ㣬ƽ˵δ˵ԤϣｫȻѶԸսɮѡȼսõѡֻҪսʤ֮мʵǰ֮ˣսܣͳսһʧܣɺͼܷһʰڹ֮ǰڻʰǰλ겻䣬ǵʵѾһƿҲʾļ£ȻȹѺ
ˣսɮĵһѡ񣬱ǹ
սɮǷ֮ˣսŷ𣬹񾭣֮Ȼ෴Ҫ˭ǿˡ
˵ӰȻ˺˻̨λãƮ֮У̼䣬ؼ䶸Ȼһз֮ɢħɱ֣Ƭط·һҫ۵ķ⣬Ƭգ˻̨赲ɢϼҪԶն֮Ź⻪
ˣϵĺӿ̼䣬һڵĹ⻪ӶȥҪƬػΪڰűŰ߱ɱ䣬ֲֿ亮⣬ʹ÷֮£·ӵһ
ַķ˵սĵ⣬ֱַЩս޷ܵΪǿĵ֮
ַı˻֮ϣգü֮һϢ֮УԺڻŸղЩһĻĻսٰܹصɹŻսߣǳﾫ־ںϵȻͼ䣬ͳﲻһҲƵַ֮ѷ˵ĵΪǿһٻս
ʱַԺ֮Уâҫͬؼǹ㣬ЩâϵַԺжܻţģַԺ֮Уһ޴ħһħַڹͭԼܻǰصİԵţҹ֮У·ףͬһħ㡣
ˡħſ૵֮漴ֻƣ̼䣬һޱȵ޽֮С
ɫľ޽޽ħյ֮
ô֣ƺȱʲôַ֣һźڰĻĻ۶һħƻ桢֮۶ɵħ
ַʥܣܳǿ壬Ȼ⻹ֻǵһܷٻսδ֪
սɮ͹Ѿ棬ײţù֮ͨĹ˿෴ǿӰûͬӰӰ㣬ڤצܹ˺գͬʱֹʴ˵꣬ʹ˸ϾģֻҪв¾Ҫϡ
ʱ˵Ľ·ͣȻһħŶսɮɱȥսɮȻϥ֮Уһţ̼䣬ڣ֮з·һŷӰϣʹϵĶս֮֮УһŷŹɱȥЩħޱȵײš
գʥ⡣ؼ֮Ӱ֣ҹɢȥȺ̧ͷŷӰȫһӣɵ𺳣սɮʵÿ£¹ΣˣҪΡ
ʹҪɢ֮⣬Ȼһŷ·ΪһƬ˻̨Уգ޷⾻Уٰһ󣬻ʰĹսܣӵϯλӲı˵λá
һս˵ͬǾ޴ģսɮʤսʯƷԼ̤˻ʰġ
˳³սɮ͹֮ս󣬱Ҫ֮ˣսɮǰˣɡ䡢
һսüʵɣҲսΣᶫĿ⿴˵ɡ䣬Ƿֱλӵһ͵ڶϯλȻҪսһģսʳǷҪʵǣŸΪ
ԣ俪˵ҪһսѾܾˣʰһڶ档
Ҳ΢΢˵ͷսʤ˹̤ʰλã֮ȻҪǰսģ뼧һսҲá
һ̣˵Ŀȫ۽ϣʥĴѧԺУΨһˣ֮֮ս
̤󣬾ͼҫ죬󣬸һ׳ڣһɽͼ͸ſҷŵ֮·Ϊ֮ƿؽɽ𢣬ǬҪҡ
̤ǹĿֲ⾳˻˻Х彥Ľӽһɹʼ˻˻Хžı죬رҷ죬һɿµĺû죬Ϊģһֲİɫ⻷ǹ⻷֮У̺ĿֲϢ֮С
̤˽֮أ̼𡢱ɱѹ̫ǿʢˡ
ˣزȻ٣ŶԷɱȥھսꤣ졢𢶯Ƭ·𶼻ǽɽͼеһƬգĺҪһС
һս춯أռž˶ڰĸ˵ײǻѹڣػָžҵʱսĻ
սĽ֣䣬ܣ
վûʤ㡣̾Ϣ˵ֻ˿̣Ŀ񷣬ϣһɿֲҡϣҪƿأ񷡣
һĻʹȺ΢΢£漴ֻ¶һĨЦݣżʰһܿˡ
ɵĻȴްϲãֻ㶣ɵף漴¶һĨЦ⣬յٵ𡣡
ˡ̾ҪƵˣһգҲܾˡ
̤֮ʱؽսЦ
ҵ㡣ɵͷͬҪõѰ㣬˿Ǹղſսĵˣͬʱص˻֮ϣʰǰλʱδ䶯ɵһڶҲһֱˣ


1961 սѩ
֮УӲӵİǣĻʰηֱΪɡ䡢սɮʯƷ塢ѩ硢ַ㡢졢ӡ
ЩУӡѩ硢ʯƷԼˣѾʧȥʵʸ޷ټʰǰ̤ܹǻ߻ǰ֮ˣֱӿԽǣʰһԲ˵ʵֻʵˣˣѾ
ˣֻʣ˳սɮַ㡢죬˵Уй춼ǱսģǶаַܼ㲻ǰ첻ܳǰʵͶսɮ伷ĵλãҲʧȥʵʸˣһ֣ʵˣֻʣ˶ѣսɮԼַ㡣
ᶫĿ⣬ȻַĿ˸£ڵ㻹Ҫʵ𣿡
ַķᶫ˵ͷ
ʵʵȻ޹ػʰǰΪ˲̫ܵңʵѩɡᶫƽ˵ѩַǰһλڵλãЩ˵УѩΪƵģΪһʵ֮˱Ǽ䣬ͼм䣬ˣǣΪԼѡˣѾʧȥʵ˵ʸ񣬶񣬺֮սٰܣĻѩδ档
ֻѩһâһɱ˪֮ᶫӶȥᶫҲƲַ˵Ϊ˲ַ̫ܵңʵѩ磬˼ѩǰȺһַʵ˾ͻܵúܲңʵ򲻻ᡣ
ַķ΢΢ͷȻɱĿʹᶫüͷ£ʵ˵һɣǺ⡣
Եȡַڵѩһһսǲս
磬һսҪùʱȺ֮Уһ֮˵֮ѩʹѩĿһȺ֮ҵڵķλ鿴˼ۣٶַ֮ʱһ
ѩӶۣ̼һɱ˪ѩأַڵ˻֮ϣַ̼סϥıȻ͵ĳ෽һĳһַ֮תѩϡ
ѩûпַ㣬ֻŲֱ̤ӳ˻̨ķ̤ȥ֮˪ѩҪظǡ
ַŲҲ̤˳ȥͫкҫһͨǶûʲôӰ죬ȻѩΪȴǷʱԶַ㿴ŰףĹ°֮ϢѩУûַ㡣
վʵһСѩ翴ַ㣬Įƶ͸źУͫױ·һƬѩ硣
Ϊʵһ֣㲻Ҳַͬƽѩһͬ͸һɰѩĿ͸֮⣬·ڳԷ֪
ϴȱ߰ˣʵϣֵزţ˵ȻְҪʲôˣʰ֮ʱ߸ϣأȻԻʰǰǰʮˣǻаô˵İǿ󣬵ȻҲ˵İǿڹģԵ˭
ַİЩǰΪ߰ˣŻͷŶİǴӵײһĲ֮⡣
ұ㿴֮ءѩ绰£ƻӶ̼ѩ죬ֻƳǰһһɿֲıѩ糯ַɶԹĺⶸȻ
ַ˫֮ͫţǰܻ֯һ⣬ǰһյһĻ֮ⲻɢ
ƿһ̼ϺӳХսͱڶЯ˸ϵУշ顣
ȻֻʱѩѾַǰٶȷǳ֮죬ַлУκֶζֻŷʵ
Ϻӳⶳᣬѩ֮ס˫ͫ׶ַ̼·ַһƬѩ硣
ַͫһ䣬ֻо궼Ҫ⣬ȻѩҪʲôѹƣ֮أϾѩΪַһʵֻҪֱշѹûİַܺˡ
ַ֮ͣͫ⣬ֱӳԷԺ֮У̼䣬ŶԷɱȥԷԵ֣ʾ
Ųһַ̤з·һûκεԡûǿϢ
ֻѩƳǰĴʱһѩַϯַ̼϶һѩȻַֻħ֮ҫѩͬʱƳǰ˹ȥ֮гһӡһӡ磬ѩз·綼˽ȥһԳɿգӡ㡣
ǣ̺ı˪ȫӡԴݿ֮Ƴѩɱȥʹѩɫ£漴ǧѩҪѩᡣ
գɫĹƶȻӿ֣ܻҪַٶĳһӡ¡¡ĳŶԷշѹ˹ȥ
ѩ峯ȥеĽɫܻΣʹѩɫΪѿ
Ŀ֮ԣƺ˵һЩַĮ˵һɰͬѩ㺮䡣
ѩһ岻ƮˣΪˣ㹻ô
£ѩ廯һӰڱѩ֮С
ֻ㶮ǧַ֮ЦһΪΪӰȻ̤֮ϣһӰϵʧӰַ֣ıֱӳѩƻٽͬʱһӰȫ
漴ıٶȽʧ֪׻˷֮С
ַ㿴ѩ繥ķϢ̼佫ͬʱ̤ȥ֮ɱѩĿ⿴ʱ˵ͫ׽㣬׵ı˪֮â֮âײ׷׳ŶԷ̤ȥ
ĽٹɱһнĻӰַķڿѩ֮ʱҲһΪ
ֻѩ֮УһƬѩ磬ͬʱ󣬸һӰͬѩߣַϵѩԽԽ࣬ʴ壬ͬģҲڲϵĳѩ嵱Уǿݰݽĸһ֮⡣
̨˫ַܻħ֮ͫһ֮⣬漴һӡ˳ȥ
ɱѩһĳǰֱ磬ײһȻʱ򣬻촫ĺѩ֮ûȥʹѩͫ΢΢£Ȼ䳯λȥֻ֮Ҫû
ô᣿ѩɫһҲʹõ֮
˫һѩӡ֮ϣʹճһƬѩĻȻһɿֲĹɱѩɫӲ
ˣϿգһַӰ£һߣַͬ㣬˫ӡ
ΣյһĻʹȺɫѩѩǿߣ˫Ҳȫһ


1962 ս
ѩ˲䣬漴˫ӡһɾԱ嶳ᣬ̼϶˿ֲı˪ףᵽ档
ǣֲĹӡͬǰ˱˪֮ϣһѷ̼֣ѩ屻˳ȥ֮пֲ֮ϣʹӣ³˼ѪͰݴ˿ԵøӵĲ԰
һӹַѩǰ⻯뱾֮УȻĿ⿴ŶԷƽĵ֪֮ˣпɱ֮
˵գַ֣˸ص˻֮ϣȻһΣȴ̤˸ղѩڵλãʰߵϯλ
ѩԼѩǿ߶оϻģһǶǵͷǸоΪܣҲǻģѩ棬δ档
ᶫȴǽĿ⿴죬ַϯλлʵѩ磬Ƿѡս
Ȼ˵ͷᶫֿѩսҪ
ѩĿһĿ⣬ȥսܡ
ѩͳĿⶸȻҲ˫ɫӳź⡣
̤ѩٶײһһѩȺַս֮ʱΪĿ񱩣·ս״̬֮У󿪴ϣر⣬֮һľ쵣ģѩǽŭȫͷš
ˣѩû˱ˡ
飡ѩɲϰݣһʹѩ濴ȥ漴һݺݻһ˦ڱϣٶȺ˳ȥ
˿Ȼܿɫѩ磬˱ַܣȻϣյĻʰʵǰʮ棬·ûȥ㣬ЩһΣΪˬ
ַ㣡Ŀַ⳯ȥƽַҲһˣͫױ䡣
һս֮󣬻ʰڰˡšʮϯλ㳹׵Ķѩ磬䵽˻ʰڰˣ졢ʰھţӡʰʮ
˶ַĿֱˣĹӡǿʢѩ磬ȥʱڻʰλϵʯˣʵսɮʱսܣѾ̶ַ޷ǰһֱַǰһܽʯƷ強ȥ
ʯ˺ѩû潻֣֪ʵΣʯƷͶսɮһս춯أĹҪѩҪǿ٣ַҪԸѣڸǰĹԼսɮǱǿˡ
˰ʰַյҲᶨڻʰߵλãַˣǴ˴λʰĺˣǳǿ̤˵ϯλʵ˾̾
Ȼսɮɻкͳ۵ĻᣬϾǶ̤Źģ˶ܹ˱ȴδ
ڹսܣǰܸ˳ٰܸ˶սɮζųǳͶսɮ伷ǰ棬ʵĻᣬҲ̶ˡ
ᶫ˶սɮͳϣգ˳ڵⳡʵɶսɮʵȻΪǳʵ䣬սɮѡʵˣһЩսɮǶΪΣ
˶˵ͷû
䡢֮ˡĿ˸âǳڴⳡԾһ˵ĳܷҡ˷֮˼Ļʰڶϯλ
ˣ
Ӱ̤ǼԼվգ໥ӶԷϽԶ͸Ųһ֮ţͬ㡣
֣ҫĿޱߣü֮򱬷ֲľ־ʹϵϢڷ˷·ӵ޾֮ƣҪ˭Ҳ裬֮˼Ҳ⡣
սѧԺĹ֮ͨսǿʢƣȻ˿̳˵ĸоսѧԺبѧԺѧԺĿֲսſֲľ־ͬϹŵ㣬κ˶Ҫˡ
һ˻𴫳ֻ֮Ӱųշѹɱȥƺ̽ԹȻֻһȭãɽӰ
Ųֲ̤ıֱֳͬʱŶԷҪ͸Էͫףʹóϵǹɿֲľ־Ҫ
־ܱ֮︺ֶƲ֮ΨҶǹɿֲĹ־ıһɲ̼ĵ·û
Ҳ̣ͫ΢΢ǻʰǰʮ֮ˣҲ𺳣һս¹˭֣δ֪
ڳ󣬶Ȼһ߰ޱߵĹߣأ۾ͬʱ֮УһӰ֣·һվڳܣһ̵ĳͬеġ
ɱһȣֻһ̤ЩŲżɱȥǿֲľ־ʹü񶯵ޱȵĶ·һƶҡ
ֻŭһ죬˫ֻӶ֮㸲أЩӰȥ
Ȼʱ̤ĳһץֲ֮µУĵⶼҪûͬʱľ־·𶼲ȵĶѪȫڲ
ʱյĹƲ֮УмλĿ⴩͸ص˻̨ϣŵʵͷ΢Ǹ
ϲЩϼһˣһλɼƵۣǽҪǿɡֻƲ֮һ֣ķھ޴̵֮أһλ߿ļϼһ͸żּ֮⣬ѧԺá
ʢһʰ֮ǰǿһ磡ѧԺһϼһ︧˸룬΢Ц˵㾡˼ҵȻɻԳĻĻôĹ͸ô˵ϲµŲ
񰡣δһֻǲ֪ǷǳһԼԼˣվȻ㺮ƿˡ
¿յңȻЩϼһƺǳĺ㣬ƽš
ҵʷֹһǳ˳ңǸµûһʱ֮󣬳ֳһӣлָףϧȴزˣ˵Ϊʥµģⲿž̫Եˣǳҵķӵ˶ɱΪ̫ֱǸĻǳӺöˣܵ͵ûɳ飬ЩȻĳʵ˸о£


1963 ֻʣַ
˻ʰ¿֮أ˻ʹһǿ߶˻̨սҲ֮⣬ʵѾѹ˼䡣
ʱĳɹ㣬־ÿһֲ̤̺ʹüԽԽˡ
ɽӴƣһĳʱɽӶҪ㸲֮Уΰ̧ͷ𣬱֮ʹϿյɽҪѣȻֻٶǰ̤֮־ԽĿֲ˶֣޷֮û
ɱﱬһһ·ͷżɱȥͬʱֻһץպƶҪ˺ѵĽŲٶǰУȻ뼧䲻Զ
ʱܵѹ𺳶£ǹƺҪûгǱľ־ȫֲϵĲ࣬üĲǳƣһǰ˭棬ɽӣ㻹δߣ֮һҪǿƻܡ
ʵ֮ʱȻʵûнԼȫ׵ͷųȵı֮˵սȺܵ˿̳ͷŵʣа˵ʱĳȼǾµߡ
սĽƺʱѾעˣȻֲʵɺͳԿ˺ܾãսرѣȻվûŤתǬڳܣһս˵ĸоǣȼҪǿ٣ȻֻһִʵԲܳԽܶ࣬Ȼչֵƣȴ˴ѹһе֮ƣʣʹȺԵñȼΰ
սܵļ¶һĨɻɫ·ԼΪλܣ֮ˣȻսˣڻʰʵֳϣԣܴ裬սѧԺҪΪ۵㣬ʰڶǿߣܸѧԺĳʹĺƺЩ㡣
ȻⲢΪʵʶһǿˣˣͬһ磬ҲԶм¡
ã䳤³ָս֮ʱҪģΪγĶʥӦøˣǿ֮·飬µ
վ˻ʰڶλã䣬˻ʰ
㻹ܼս𣿡ᶫż䣬ƽʵ
Ӧһ΢΢ͷ漴սɮվ˳ղȻԼãͼս󣬶սɮʵʵ䣬սܣһսҲսˡ
ȫµ״̬ʼⳡս·ûܵӰ죬ò˵սɮʵǳǿøѧԺĲ˶о˷ܣبѧԺҲһȻǺ£սɮʧֱ꣬ʰʵ֮ղ̤˵ߣʵ֮ǰǿ˲֪٣Ҳܽȥ
ʱսɮѾԷޱ֮Уʥ֮⣬ǿᡣ
Ȼı֮ܵǯƣӳĿֲɣзģʥмΪ𡢲ʥ
ҵսԼսʤսɮգȻȺսɮʵе𺳣սɮսҲ̫Զˡ
ɡ䡢սɮʥͬһʱ½ҪĴȺаһƲ˹λص˻֮ϣ֮и˻ʰַ˱仯
˿̵İΪɡ䡢սɮʯƷ塢ַ㡢ѩ硢졢ӡ
Ϊսɮûսʤ䣬ɴԭλҲ޷ʵսɮǰˣݻʰѾǶֻһǷս
ַ㣬ַʵûսܹңᶫÿθĻᶼַʵǰһλˣַûзᣬҲͲҪ˭棬ַ㣬лǰʵȻǰǣӵ㹻ʵǰûһߣǷǳµˡ
ǷҪʵɣᶫųһ￴һֻۣʱɱĿϥ˻֮ϣͷ֮һ֮⣬Ƶõס
Ȼɾ͵λұ㲻ʵˡƽڣɾѾԶһɳɾ͵λʰһ˳ƱϣģҴ˿ɿҲû˼սʵɡ
ʰ񼸺£ַֻһˡ
ʱ˵Ŀȫַϣа˴λʰʵĻˡ
ᶫҲַ㣬Ŀ˸а⣬ַʵǰ֮ˣֱַӷˡ
壬ս԰ܣ޹񾭣ȫԹǴ˿ַʵȻº֡ᶫа⣬ַʵΪѩѩ磬ǰһλʯʯƷӦܶԸַ㣬ȻʯƷԹʺַĶ֡
ᶫţʰ壬ַֻϯλַ㲻ܷɣǷֻսʯƷǵϯλ͵𲻴Ϊַ㶨ȻӦʵ
ַ㣬ʣһˣҲʵ̫ǿ֮ˣսܣʵǰ֮пСģʵܷ񣿡ᶫƽ˵ʹùһĹâ
սܣʵС
⻰ڹĶк̶ʵ˶ףʵһ㲻෴ǳǿȻһսǳڶսǶսɮ˵ǿĿãսܣȴܷϹǿᶫ͹Ҳ֪Ǻ⡣
ַ㿴ᶫһۣ漴̤ʰĹвս֮
һǿʢ֮ͬȰ㽵ַǰ׼ô
ַ㿴˫ͫףҴ⣬ΪղᶫĻ־Բ
ַƽĵ˵ͷ
ɱһɳƵȻ䴫ַ̼ǰֱӳһ˫õڤצ͸Ѫ֮⣬ޱȣ·Ҫץգצֱӽһλǿ˺ɱ
ַһƺɱӡûκϢȻȴֱӽצ˺Ѻ飬ֶ࣬ȻϾЩ˲һ磬ͨѺͶԷײΨ⸡ӡӵпֲ
˵ַĿ⳯ŶԷȥַֻ̼оһɱǹ֮Ĺ⡣
֮гһ֮һħɱȥͬʱ۾·͸ͫװ㣬ֻһֱ̤ԺУҪ߱ɱꡣ
ԽԶֶַζԸˣ񣬹ֶζԸ


1964 
ַԺ֮Уһϵ̤룬ִ󵶡ִҹ棬ǹĵ⣬Ĺܹɱꡣ
Ȼڴ˿ַ̣Ժ֮УȻһħԵħ͸Ųһ֮ţͬһϹŵ㣬ֳֺɫľ޽ֱӳһն˹ȥɫľ޽һֲ֮УǹԴײȴֱӻΪޣֱһХַԺ֮ն֮ϣʹùɢ
𡭡ĳַɱ˹Ȼȴħֳ־޽ǰУ֮ɨĵ֮֮С
磬˫Ķַ㣬Ȼڴʱһ֮ⱬȻ䣬һֲħӰֱӳԺг˽ȥʹùĿ΢Ժ֮пʼ˴սħ̫֮ˣһնһ֮֮ҲҪ˱ܣһ޷ķ롣
ѡַ֮սƺǺõѡ
ħɱ¾ʹùһ˵廯һӰַɱ˹ȥ
֮͡Уһצ£ͬɫӰӰ㳯ַץٶȿ쵽޷ۿ
ɱַ㱬һ֮ɱ¾ͬʱƳϿպɱȥֱӱһӡغ¡һ죬ӰʧȻȴַһ̤̼֣һ·Ľ֯ɣٵܻ·Ҫڶ˲佻֯㡣
һڵĻӰϳַץ·һ˲û˺յĹӰַһͬɽ㴣˫ĳϺӳХսꤣɽӶշѹأͬʱһ貶ĿĽ⻮񷣬ʹ֮вϷϵ죬·ײ㡣
һƿµֱӳַ֮Уʹַ͸űŰ䡢ɱ¾Ϣ
ַһĨɱһڵͬʱϽµԽԽ貣Ǿ޴ͼ׷·Ҫûգ֮ԽԽ
ڿĴͫվǵַ㣬ܻûȫַͣڿһ̻ǳֲġ
Ĺ񹥻ǳаȻ͵ĵ⣬ַԲ֮ҪҪǿһ֣ټܹ֮Ĩʹڵ⽻֮ϹַƣʱԺַ֮ħԺŰҪݻĻǣ
ȻҲȥսȻһǺХأַһַ̣㷢ڶ޾ħֳɱ¾ۻң·ҪЩħֱӲʳɱ
ʱַ̨һƬȻ䣬ַӿǿʢ֮⣬ƳһɽߴɣͨޱߣһеħֶҪӳ֮»ΪΡ
䣡
ʱ˻֮ϣսɮĿ΢ַ㣬ɫ֮ͫųһĿĽ⣬ǲɱħħ־ΣҪɱ
ַǷʿȻᶮò䡣սɮĿ˸ֻͣħֵĻӰȫ𣬶ĽɫҲ죬ֱӱѻͬʱֻһֲֻץץǱץУַԴҪץѵ
ַ㱬һ֮Ľɱͬʱһ𺳵͸ħ޷ɱֲҲù궯ҡˣټԼԺ֮оŵħҲ㹻ܵˡ
ַŲݺݵһ̤̼ȫΪͼĳ˹壬Ҳδ˷ֺӡɱշѹһжڵʯзҪץҪʹĴۡ
䣡ӡľ޴Ӱצ˺˫Ӱֱ˺ַԺֻҪץסҪַЩȻӭж⣬Ȼֲַһȭ·Яޱɱգϵȫۼһȭ֮ϣںϣֻȫȭͷϣ˺ѵĿռ䡢쫷硢صĴءԵħĻ桢ɭȡһ˫ȭͷ֪ۼ˶⾳ɱ
ַ˵Ǻ編õ˹ֻͨǿĻڶʱڱսս;൱ĻϵͬʱõϿɣԼ編ڣȻʵиʵķԾսľԱſֲĲ࣬Ը˶Ǳǿһ绹ҪôǶϵĽڣҪִĹԸЩˣͬǷǳģһɺض޴Ĺצ˺ѵ֮ĳ嵱У޾㣬
ַ㱬һһץصĴȻ併ڹϣͬʱֱӽֱַӳ
ŭХһֱӺ䱬ΣȵӰٶҪȥȻʱַͫףĵĳ֮У޾֮жټ¿շڵ֮һùĸоҪ㣬սˣֿҪĸо̫ܡ
𣡡һƹַ֮ͫ׵зŴֲʹַ΢ˣͬʱͬȰ˸ȥԶ롣
ַ㿴Ź뿪ӰһֱӴԺг˳漴û뵽ַü֮УַֻĿ⿴ĮʵҪս𣿡
ǺɫģǲƺûȫɢȥоԼڹŹһ㣬иеޱȱսôΪʰܸ˳ְܸ˶սɮ񣬻Ҫַܸ㣡
սˣ꣬ǲٿҹһӣͬһĹӰ㣬̤գȻֱӳԶȥ·ûȺַ¶һĨʣַ㣬Ȼ˹̤˻ʰϯλ
ᶫҲɫһҪֺݺݵŰɱַ㣬û뵽ֽ֣


1965 ħ֮
ַսʤӲӵĻʰٶȷ˱仯ַλãѾȡ˹Ծӻʰϯλ
ʱĻʰǰΪɡ䡢սɮַ㡣
ڻʰʵʼ֮ǰʰǰϯλǣɡ䡢սɮʯƷ塣
ֻɺͶսɮûб仯˺һλԼʯƷˣֱӱ˻ʰǰϯλַȡ֮ƥȻȺԤϣû뵽˴λʰʵᷢ˴ı仯ߴǰϯλ˹
֮У޴֮ǰһλԵЩˣƺǳ
ϯλѣ֮˰ܸսѧԺʲô߱Ǹ飬ʱبѧԺһ˷ǳˬˡ
Ҫַʲôģַǰ漸˵ľ൱˵ϯλȵģ߱Ц˵ǿϧҹСһʮڿлƵۣμһĻʰʵˣϣٶȲҪ̫ͣʮʱ򣬶ȻϹǵ۾
һԣﶼλμӻʰʵһʾʱڵĳɳ׶ΣǲμӻʰʵһЩʮǳɳ۷ʱǽǴʵʱͺǴ˴μӻʰʵĺԼäǼһ޷õõΣʮǵ¡
ȻЩʮֱӿʾ磬޷μӵڶˣ߱Ϊַһĳɳٶȣлʮ۾ģȻҲлѣɺͼλ۷һΣ˺ܾã۾ҪԵʱ
ѧԺ˿߱Цݣɵ÷˷ۣղż䱻ܣһﻹǵɫ·Ȼ˸ղŵѿ
ʮʲôλ֪ҲˣʥݵѧԺ֮ƺкüλɣʮ꣬߳ˡѧԺĮ˵ʹˣǰ壬ûһѧԺˣʮǽˣʱȻ
ٺ٣ǾĿԴɡ߱۾ĿȥСһﲻ֪ܲǰһߣǷǳڴλʵľ̶ֳȣڻʰʵʷУܳΪǧһ
˵Ŀ׷׽ĿͶ¿գ͸˷Ʋ㣬˻̨ϣҲòϣһʰʵ޵˱ǳԼַˣɳ̫£֮ɵĹŻʹ־ûһӵΰϷ·һصĹ⻷š
ַǺ;ȫսԵ˻֮ʱΨַʮγ˻˶ȥɼǵԵۣЩߵˣʤ֮ղַ͹սǺܺõӡ֤
ĿַϣȻڸղŵһսҲΪ죬ַ㾹Ȼսʤ˹̤ʰϯλңַΪλʾ磬軳ɣͷŵķϢλʵľ磬ֻķϢҪͬ˸ǿʢ֣һ֮С
ʰʵĻаһһʵľʣǻǷǳģЩʥݵǶųʵܵ˵ĴڣǷ·ô
Լʵ֮ôַĿ⿴ᶫ˵ᶫһЩ˼λ᲻ףʵĻһŭĹȷܲңĹ֮ɱ˵꣬˼
Ҫʵɫ΢ǰʵᶫַָģַȫѡӦսȫʤڱҪ˭棬Լǰʵ
ᶫɫһͣĿһâ漴ֻеӰԼɡ
áᶫ΢΢ͷ漴˸ǽ֮϶ȥַĿǳŶսɮȥ˵սɮΪ֮ˣͨ𷨣ַԷ֮ͽ̡
¾ͨ䣬ҲйԵսɮƽڣ漴ĽŲ̤ͬһ𲻶Ĺŷ㴣ַǰ
ԵԣֻǶԷ֮ʵʦַƽڣ漴ϥʹöսɮɫ΢£Ǻ⣿
̷ŵַ㵭ڣʹöսɮɫ΢£漴ͷϥ϶Ȼ⻪ׯϣͬһŷ㣬֮УӰƬأȻһ
ʦ޷ħַƽڣȻ䣬ħţģһߴΰӰǣֳ־޽лϢħͷ졢ǣа֮ţ·Ǽ̤ħҪزڽ¡
սɮ̬£廯촽䶯й³˷صķͬʱ𣬶ʱһΰַħ֮ϣһַɷŵ֮УħƶҪ巢͵졣
ħϣȻӿϢϢͬʱһƺڰ֮⽵մأַ£һƬħ򣬺ڰħʹշ·ȾһӰϵĳΧӶȥħٴأͬʱ촫һ֮Ȼ䣬ħϿշһ־ĻգǾħȪ
ģ
Ⱥɫһ̧ͷ죬ľģҪƬػΪħأ·𽥽ð֮УεײǷħɽ棬˻˻졣
ħƲ֮УЩɫ΢ַ㣬Ȼоħ
üһ߱ϲ֮ɫ૵Ǻüһ
΢΢鴤£־ħּҲѽӴõվħۻԵɺϵõħǿ֮һû뵽ַ㾹ȻҲħ
ħƿ֮Ǹµħͷ
սɮɫ΢£漴üٶɳʱϵķ֮еķԽԽ죬ڣȼսս壬гӡַȥһ̣죬ַ㡣


1966 ʰģ
ʢҫأһħ⽵ַ֮ʱһɼ֮⳯ӶȥַϵͬӰţȻ˫ͫɣħ죬ʹضԽԽ֮죬һħ⴩͸սɮķ
սɮ˫֮ͫб買âַȥħ֮֮ܵ
νħַĿ⿴սɮʵ
սɮɫһνħ
磬׷޷ħΪʵѣδ򡣡ַƽ˵
սɮ£аһȻȴɽرģĲҡΪʢǿ
ħҲħһ֮ΪǷΪħħħ֮޹أ֮޿¾ħҲɽ̻ءַ֮ʹȺ¶˼֮⡣
ħ࣬Եģ֮ΪãħᣬǷ𡣡ַƴ͸˹Ž񣬴ݵսɮĶĤ֮УʹöսɮһţħһԳģ޹أַԿƴȴַ·Ϊ˿š
ս֮Ϊսսɮ̼䣬յеķȫϣڣֻӶսɮϣ߳һ𣬳ַ㻺̤ս
ŵȻַаɷ⣬֮УȻƳһ֣֮ħأⶼҪڵס
˵ֻأ˷Ӳ֮һַ֡૵ؼܻħħ֮֮ԣһַ̣һħͬħһħĳݡ
㡭սɮ̧ͷգ˲޷ƽϢַ㾹ڽĵ˿ħԽԽߣıžģضħǣĳʥ֮·Ҫ
ħ֪νħ񡣡սɮڣȻ䣬ֻϣвϵȻ䣬ַֻһħһħֲֳָ棬ӵħ·ħһ
ţȺͫ΢΢սɮ޷ȻҲ͹һҹսңҹҹͬһϹŵħ
һн֮ͨУҲйħַ֮૵ҹ֣ڵħڶ˱겻ȣͷȻֻ΢գأҹǰɲɽ¡һ֮ҹʹöսɮĿһ
֪սɮַʵ
ڽڤ磬ٹž飬һžΪħм˲ٷħޣ֮һЩطʼΪħħ޷ҪҿԽžһַۡŶսɮ˵
Ըңսɮͫ¡
ΪβԸַЦ£̼ü֮â˸һӡǳŶսɮȥһӿ붷սɮԺ֮УƬ֮󣬶սɮ˵ҾȻ㡣
ղţַ㴫֮ʱսɮַı
˽ˣ黳ַƽЦ
ʱұôսȴû뵽˾档սɮҲЦˣôоЩԾ֣ȺҲһȻ
ջʰʵһΪʵΪ֮ˣܲȻվΪֻΪʰ񣬲ȥѰʵкãʵʵǿʢΡ
ַͬඥսɮվ̾Ϣһһкʵ
˵գսɮڿգҲ̤ȥɷⶸȻʧΨħɡ
ַ㣬ʱϷһ𡣡սɮƮʹһ㵣ʵˣ
˻̨ϥӰȺһԣַһܹߣƺδ֣öսɮ磬ֱȥ
ֻʱַ㲢δˣ֮Уħ죬ַħͷħ֮ħݣڴʱ֮ϣ¡¡죬ɢȥһŹħ۶͸գ񷣬һħ֮ҫޱҫĿ
ħ٣Ⱥɫһ֮ħԽԽʢƲ㱻ϵɢܹĽٹۡ
ַ㿴񷣬¶һĨ΢Ц建վһħٽֿǰһʵλҲһ
һħٺɱ£ʹַ϶ħޱȣǽ֮ҫħ⻪ַϵÿһë׺ƶڷħȻӲĳħ֮ûʹ÷ͨȥֿ
ÿ£
ŵħٲϵĺ£깥ַ壬ǿĽ꣬ǿȹ̣Ҳַһֱǿԭ򣬲֮ħٵĴҲǳҪ
޾֮УЩϼһѾһƬطȥˣʱ߱涼Ѿֿ˻ַյı̫ˣ૵λʾͺˣˡ
ĵʹϼһ׷׳ͶȥӵĿ⣬ַλʾ磬ʵ½ɲ⣬λʣѾս˻ʰĵλˣսߣԸ򽫶սɮڲˣȻЩϼһףַȷʵܸ߰ΨҶŷĶʵ޷ħΪǿ
ʰˣλʾ磡߱ͯ㡣
ߡبѧԺһ
ٺ٣սɮǲģַ㣬Ǳˣܷ߱Цʹҧ޲һĹȥ
һλʰʵѧԺսѧԺͷģѧԺԲ˵һڶǵˣɱһֱڵһϯλǿ𣬳Ϊ
սѧԺ䱻ܣӦøеΪַͻأһ·ǿʵǿǿһֱ˻ʰĵϯλʹսѧԺ泹׵أַ㣬ܳΪʰһڶ
ڽˣʱ˻̨Χãã˺㶼г̾˴λʰʵΪ䣬ЩӢˣ֮ȥ

ʱÿһʾǿߵУһɳ嶯ѪҪԼĵ֮Ϊһ֮ɶǿߡ
һĻʰʵƥַ㣬һʰڶϯλһʰģǳ𺳣ȻֻһսǾصһսɽͼ֣أ֮ʹͨԶҪң춼Ҫ𺳼ǿҡ
Ϊʰʵͬӡ󣬺ǿ
һҪȥַ֪㣬ʱҲܷ
Ⱥ̾Ϣ֮ʱַ֮ͫȴżȥ˫ǿҵս⣬³һ䣬


1967 ս
䣬
ƽ쳹֮УʹƬռ䶸Ȼ䰲˵Ŀȫַϡ
ַ㣬ȻҪʵһս֮ˣ䡣
˴λʰʵ˵ַ֮սˣӻʰڶʮλһڲ֪УȻѾվ˻ʰĵλã˿ָ̣Ｇ䡣
Сӡ֮У߱ɫһ¿յַ㣬СһﾹȻҪս䣬Ҫһǰδսô
˻֮ϣӿֲֿ֮⣬ŲȻ̤һ죬նҪѵһǿޱȵϢĳַɱȥ
֮գַ֮£ԣҲǳ裬֮⻷ַߣšŲַУȻΪַõѧԺϿɣܹȻԸַ㣬ѧԺ
ȻʱַʵҪϴˢ֮ܡ
һӣбͬһõӰӰ㣬¡¡ĳƱ֮쳹أգδַߣַܹĸоһɿµı֮⾳Ϯ
ˣַŲ̤˳ȥûкˣǰһǰշܻ֯
Ȼȴһץ¡һ촫ǻδ۶ɵˣһ⻪ϵţͬʱַҲоһǿıշѹδ١
ֲĺַ֮ͫб֮⳯żȥ֣֮Ժ֮Уٶȳһػ꣬ͬʱֲıַ
Ȼһĵʴż壬ͬĵѹַһ䲻ǿңҲӰ쵽Է
ɱǶһȭɱ߱һֲնգַɱЯֲС
أַ΢һɳصĴطַϣͬʱ䷨ʼᴩԺħ죬Ϸ·Ҫħ֮Ϣ
ˣַ̤գڽ³֣̤ƣַӰֱӱЯµķ֮
ӡɱʹƬռ·𶼰˽ȥµĹֱ˼֮ͨӡǰɱ
𣡡ŵ˻֮񷣬ȭгǹӡ֮ϣ֮ıƬռ䶼·ڱըǸַԼϵȵҪ
޽֣֮߱ɱȥͬʱַŰҪѪ걬ѵ˽ľ룬˵ĵͼݻٶԷ
һ⻷Ȼ˲󣬽Ƭնֽȥ뼧֮Уͬʱַ繭ЯħֱȡԴײգʵʵĺХ졣
䱬һϵıͷŵ˼£¡¡Ĺ֮͸ռ䣬ַ·ҪѣѪѾŭ
˵Ĺײһ𣬿ֱֲӳֱַۣһַ㾹Ȼֱײȡ
һŭХֻ³ֲ⣬ַɱȥҪֱַû
Ҫַ˫֮·Ҫ۾͸ĵ⡢޽⡢ħ⣬һ˲ȫ뵽Ժ֮Уͬʱַü֮ţһִ۵Ĺڳ֣Ȼûǧżɱ˹ȥһж磬˼Եľ룬һеĹһ˲˼ԺС
ˣ֮ͫͷų֮⣬ĵʹշ¡ı죬ַ屬ˣͬʱֱӺһӡżշѹȥԼȴͬ˸˱ܣͼּǿ߽ɱΣճ̶̫ˡ
ʱַֻоԼ·ѳ㣬ֱ۸ǻᴹȥԼټϱͨεǿΧ˿ֲַַ֮̾
ַһӣһż˹ȥͬʱٶͬϵϵĳ䣬ͬʱ֮ɱ̴Ϣʱ䡣
ֻ˫ӡϽ֯ҫĿХھ֮ϣȻ䣬Ӽ˫֮䣬һֲĳַɱ޾

ַɫ΢ڣֻ־ͷڰħ죬˻ء
𡢺𣡡һֲ˳ֻ⸡ַ֣ƲħЯȥײϣһı
ˣַŲǰ̤زһȾƷżշѹȥȺľȻûԤϵַ㾹ȻǺ֮ǰһԸͨΪսʱַ㣬ޱȵĿԵɱ¡
ַܣһǰַÿ̤һ·޾֮նꡢżȥ·ֹ㡣
俴һĻ֮ţΪ֮ˣ۷壬˱ַ㣬Ųͬǰ̤һշѹأ˵Ľ£·һ㸡ڷţҪ˺յ쫷硣
˵мشĽײ漴֮߱ʧӰȻƣ˸оĲѡ
ףַ㱬һؼ׹ҫֲżɱ£һδգֱ̧һȻַ㷨ɣ㲻
𣡡һŻ泯żɱȥʹüüͷ΢壬ַķвҲܹӣϾɲַôǿᣬֿܵλʵĹ
ģ
䣡

ϵķ۶ɵĹĳżӿȥʹüɫЩ򹥻ᣬܣȻӿǿʢ⻷棬Ȼȴַһֱһֲħ֮ɱȥüϾֹˣֱַԷ򹥻Էȴֱܹӵ
ԽԽ³ɱ˸һΣҪַ䱬ԷٶΣܿĹػֻ꣬Ҫסַ㶯ҡƾշѹɱַ㡣
˫ͫн㣬䱬һַ궯ݣ·ʱܱѣ֮ɱȫӿ뵽Ժȥ
˵ĵⶼͷŵ˼£ͬʱϵĹҲɱꡢͨ˿ɣȻһ֮ûôױѣһγ뼧ԺеħԼǸϵĹױǶ˲㲻ࡣ
ԺжȻһأַɱȥͬʱһħַüĴ߳ħݣг޾ħ࣬ħħֵĻֱӳǰͬʱӶ޽Ǳľ֮⣬ҲϵĳżٻĹ
䣡ʹȺҲ¡
һħ޾ĵ⣬Яħ˼Ժ֮Уľ޽ɱһ꣬ն


1968 ط
ħЯ֮ݺݵնڼػʹüԺ֮֮͸ַħɶȥֲıħһըѡ
˼ǿľ磬ͨױɱǿֶǿػסԼ걾ԴʴǿĻںϡ
ַûħ񣬱ǵ֮ڶɣɱ뵽Ժ֮У޽ȫǿµ⣬նÿХֹʹļֻоԴ걻ĨԴѶκĻᡣ
ŭһ֮ŭХצ֮䣬һУɱַ㡣
ƣַ˿ݵüдϢʱܱ֮޷ʹսܵƣһܶԷлᡣ
տޱȣϵݵķĺɱХһŵžŴλշַ㣬ͬʱƺݺݵһץһͷµӰ񷳯ַԴըѶȥʹַԴҪѵı
ַ̧ͷһٽɱͬʱӿ޾⻷˫ͬʱӡرŵַѹȳǰͫޱȣż䱬һذܣ
һħ֮͸ڼԺ֮УͬʱͿռż䣬޷ˣַͬһһǰ
һμͫбһ貵ĺ⣬ûкˣŲݺݵļ̤գ徹Ȼ˺ƻһӵ֮ƣΧպƶҪȫı
ˣַһĳռƻۣĹͬʱˣ¡¡Ŀ»˺ѿռ䣬ȻĹ·ǿռ赲Ƭ̰㣬뵽֮УǿıƾȻûкַ㣬Ʊ֮󣬲żַȥѲͬղǰңйһΰ㡣
ɱʱַһХ֮֮֮ȫŲķɱŰڼԺ֮УħڹżػַֺһӡɱضҪ𣬷·ȫ񱩵Ĺǡ
ַϵĹײ˺ַķȻӡٶȺɱ޷òĹӡִֻܲټһλȭŭ𣬺¡¡ӡ˼ϣԺһ·ҲҪն
屻ײ˻֮ϣ³˼ѪȻȴ˲ϢĿ꣬굱е֮ٶȴš
ַͬúˣֱ۶·Ҫѿ㣬ǰļ䣬ɫ䣬ʵȷʵ£ĺ޷ܹ׵Ĵݻ
ˣַϢȻɴڿգаЦ֮ţʹ޲Ĳ
ˣ䣬ܸɺͳ֮ٶȰַܸ㣿
ܣΪ͹һα˻ܵĳڡ
ֶַ̫ˣ䲻⣬깥ͨӡϵȡ֮·ûֹ㣬ԽսԽ£⣬جΡ˿Ӱ˴λʰʵɲֻгһƥ
ʵǿĲȻַԼ𺳣ϾҲλʾ磬ͼǵľ಻̫ңԶȻַ㣬λʣһ󾳽磬ȴͷ֮ս̶ֳȣεȿ£˼Ǿ֮жô¡
սδʱᶫ˵Ŀ⿴䣬ʵ䣬һսս𣿡
ַɫ΢Įɨᶫһۣڴʱ֮кһɿֲϢôһҪѰ㣬ʹַɫһ
ˣַŲ̤ȴһ̣䶸ȻĿ⣬ⱬŭХһһ̣һֲ죬˵֮ҫͬõİ㣬Ϣڷţֱ֮ϡ
໡һ·Զŵַֻо궯һԺеħ˳ԷԺһƹû뵽Լü֮У漴ֻ屻޾ƣһӰǰ貣Ϣøǿ
ط
Ⱥͫ΢΢£侹ȻʹüҴеطΪ͵λ۷ľ磬طһƿ۵
ʹط֮ҪһĴۣҪ̵ʱ޸壬⼧䶼Ѿһֻ̤˴۾羹Ȼ˷񣬿һսŭˣսܡ
ͷ⣬Ϣͣ˿̵ļأҫ죬кйҫ£ղܵ˷·ûа⣬һ˫ǵľ
ַĿȻ䳯ᶫȥᶫȻ֪ӵطģԸղŻ˵սδҪʹط
ˣ⼧ʱûʹطܸҲûУεʧܣַ㣬ҪˡȺܵǹɾ֮ɺͳսҪսܣʱļѾǴ۵Ϣ
ˣֻһ̤嶸ȻʧһֱӴԺ̤ɱַ꣬Ҫղַһȫ͸ַ㡣
ȻһգʱַֻоԼƬնҪ޷ĸоŲλѪҺڷҪŤǿ󣬼һ֮嶼Ҫ
ַɫӲ˿̵ļ䣬֮УǴ۵Ϣ
ַɼ֣ͫױַԺ֮Уͬʱַüɱȥ
һĳɱֻһһ¡һ죬ַ屻˳ȥࡣ
֮ϣ߱濴һĻüͷ΢΢£漴ֻԱߵЦŵսѧԺӣ˭
졣߱һۣ¿գ⼧ˣȻʹطս̫ˣⲻǺԼҲַôһս
ҵĲ˶¶Цַôǵͷˣ̫Ҳãڱŭˣοճ
ַͫױͬ㶢ż䣬Įĵʰʵ֮սʹط䣬òҪҡ
ˣŲǰһ̤ؾ𣬿ֲĲϯַϣͬʱԺ֮Уһ̷ѹַĹħ񣬺ַԺʹַҲɫɱ


1969 
ַԺ֮еսͬޱȵĿ񱩣ħսַһػıԴ
֪ϹڡϦǺ꣡һ֮ͷɹ⻪˿ߣȻ佫סħ̤֮˳ȥŹӰɱȥͬʱ˲Ϣ嵽˶Էǰ޽ݺݵɱ
ǹһ˻֮ޱȵĺһȭ̼걬ѣħײһ漴ͬʱɢ
ۡ
磬ַͬʱ³һѪɫΪĲ԰ףǹԼħǵ˿˫˫˶ܴ
ֻһ֮ҫ죬ַӿǿʢµϢ˫֮Ķż䡣
ˣٶȳǰ̤ȥʱһ촫ַĹ·ڱ飬屻úһһַ̣˿Ŀ͸һĨ֮⡣
ߣΣ;ĩ·ˡᶫЦһַ㾹ȻҪԼĵܵܺŮˣ˿˼䣬ڵˡ
ַ㣡Ȳɫһ޷֣Ըַһսʧܡ
䣬λʾ磬ԸҾȻϧطҲѧԺһս֮ѾͬûУûʸ񡣡ַħƴ͸˼Դʹżģͬʱâҫһַֻ嵱У·һŹڣ֡
ټʶ֮˽ԶͫһϳľΧķĳַӶȥַԾ
λʵľ磬ȻѾǰľȣõľϿɡаһȷʵǸѵõ̫ˡ
ܿ죬Ŀٶһַֻ嵱Уһ䴿׵֣֮ʱַĽ··Ҳһ֮ӰˣַܣһʢΪ
ڽľ֮ǲʱᶫĮĿ˵ַ㡣
졣ַ㱬һĿ⳯ᶫȥ֮Įʰʵ֮գ˻ʹ֣Ȼ㴦Ǻ⣬ҽľ֮Լ֮ûѵطǽ֮ղôڣЦ˵ĻʰʵҪҲա
Ⱥɫһа̾û˵طǼҵȻ֮ΪطȻǽڱĻͲҪΪطˣطһǽַȻԵĽľԼ֮ȣΪβܽ
ᶫַǳ⣬ʱɫѿΪ˻ʹӣʦ֮ⳡʵȻʵ֮ĺȻȴֻԡ
Ρ˵ֱֻ֮϶·һͷϣǰĿռ·õģϵı
ַûἧĻֻƻ̼䣬޾ķ֮Уϵ򡢻淨׵硢䡭ϵķ·Ҫӿռ䵱бƬɫ䡣
޾ķַǰ۳һķ٣ȻĽһĺڰϵȻ̺жôµķ޷
⡭
ɫӲôܣʲô⣬ľַӵ˿µķ׺ʹշ޶ȵĻ۵ϣǵ⣬Ȼ÷һַϵķ򣬻һĺĵѹ˸оľ
ǰеĲȻͣɫ΢΢һȻҲܵǺ̺֮Ŀв
Ĭ˲䣬֣֮ͬ䣬֮ӿ壬Ϸ·һ֮Ӱǿµĵ˸оĲ
Ҫ׼ֱַײ˸ܵɻصѹͷݺݵĲ£ײжôĿ£
ַͼĿнײͬħ㣬㲻䣬·ãǵĽŲ̤˳ȥ
һ̤ȺҲ֮ݺݵһ·
ˣ
˵ӰԽԽһͷޱӴ֮гַȥҲнķŴ󣬻һ֮
һʹ۾ĹȻţյһз·𶼱ûˣֻһ˲䣬ȺַּҲûʧǻ֮УƬأŵգֲ˻̨ܱɢȥҪ˻
ȥᶫһʱ˷׷˻Χ˻̨ȫͷŹ⻪֯ɿֲ·ֿǻʴײɲʹ˸оһ
һˡյ֮УһַɶսѧԺˣһء
˻̨ŰţһɢʱȺַ㶼ϥ֮У϶һϯͷңǻŴѪһҩУַӿϢȻͬһǣǶϣľ֡
ܾˡͷ΢ⳡʰս̫ˣַ㣬⵽ش
ʰ񣬸۶ϣ
˵ĿͶᶫ˻ʹˣϻʰλ
սַղžѾռƣʹطŵԷܾˣʰϯλַ㡣ƽĿڣаͷλûġ
ǰսδֳʤʹطַӡԼ֮Ȼһսʤ
Ҳ˷ͬǼһ֮ˡ
ᶫ΢΢ͷĿ⿴ַ㣬˵ַ㣬սʰϯλ
ַϢ΢΢ᶫʵѵὫҷڵϯλ
ᡣᶫĮ˵
ϻʲôַƽ˵ʹᶫɫһ
ᶫһк˸䶨Һô֪һ⣬˴λʰʵǰСĻ£ϴΪ֮ܵ£ҪһǸ
ǿĿ΢΢һĿᶫһۣϢᶫ˵Ƕ·ͬʱҪַ㡣
ȻַֻĿƽޱȣֻǵĮĿᶫ¶һĨ̵Цݡ
˻ʹֻʰʵ׫ʰ꣬ʥŷΪĹţʰ񣬱һȻʰʧȥѵΪ˻ںʰ񣿡ַ¶һĨ֮⣬ʰĶ޹ؽҪʵʰλҪҪ޹ؽҪԣ㿴ʵ˻ʰʧȥһҫĿ֣Żʰ񣬾һŷֽѣ˻ʹҪЩ֣ЩҪǣ㲻ΪȻֽҵָɴӻʰһԡ
ַָᶫ͸źεķ̣ᶫҽַ»ʰȻңĻʰһŷֽˣΪƵķϰ


1970 ʵ
ᶫַĺǳ֮ɫ࣬ȴԶԣʰܹһֱʥŷȷַͬԣΪʰ壬һ
Ȼַܽ»ʰĻûŷʰ񣬷·ַͬ˵ʰ֮ǻʰΪаϵһ֣˻ʰҪЩ֣ЩҪ˻ʰ
ս˭ʤ˭˵ȻַΪλ֮սƽ䣬ݽַΪʰ棬ֳʤʰٱ䡣ʱп˵ֻ˻ʱջ˻ʰ֮ϣַ֣˻ʰλãâҫĿ
ȺĿ⿴ǽӲӵĻʰ˿ַ㣬Ȼﵽ˻ʰλã˶Ԥϵģգͳһҫۣƥռݳ֮Ļʰϯλ
ᶫʰϯλע֣ȻĬַĿǿķ˫Įͫ׾ʹͷ£һǱЩˣѡԥ
ַ㿴£ѾͷĿĿתַֿᶫ࣬һɱ⣬ʹᶫĿһо䣬·ַĻɱ㣬ַ۾ǳ¡
ʰֹڴˣ˴λʰʵᶫַ㣬ƽ˵ʹһȻ֮Уʰʵڽˣһ𺳵ս̵ӡ
ַᶫĻЦ£۷徳Ŵﵽĳɾͣ˿ое𣡡
˵գַ建վٴɨᶫԼ巽Ⱥһۣ漴Ųһ̤ٵߣǻѧԺ
˿ַһֿۣ˿·ڻַһ뿪ˣսѧԺķȥƺҲζŴ˴λʰʵʽսᡣ
񣬻ʰǰʮϯλֱΪɡַ㡢䡢սɮʯƷ塢ѩ硢졢ӡ
ͻʰʵǰʮȣν˾޴ı仯˴ʵ֮һЩǿߣǵҲ˽档
ֻӰڿգ˻죬㻹ǻںúɡ
ס˵ͷ˶ڲ˻ʹ֮£ּ˶ǳʲô˵˴λʰʵȡʧսкĿἰʰʵ
֡Ŀ⿴ҵһλǿߣ¶һĨЦݣֻҵǿߵ֣ȵλǿ߶֮ұԴǰ壬ΪСס
ҶʥݵĴ壬ȻҪȻʧҸĶȻǻģйӡ
˵ͷûж˵ʲôΧȺȴΪƽҲҪˣ壬ȻӰʥݵĸ֣⣬ŵַҲΪĵܵףᶫԣգûѡ츳ַ㣬վѡһӴļҡ
Ϊˬļ壬壬Ҳңǣҡ
䣬ʥݷһǰսѧԺǰ񣬼֤Իһ̣ʱ㱻ַƻ˼ͷԼҶԣǼһ۵㣬Ȼ˱ҲˣϾڼɾͷҫʥݡ
ǣŽһʱ䣬һʱ̣ʰʵҵķＧ䣬ܼ
ܸɱҲˣְܸ˳ٰܸշ֮յҵַ㣬ֳ裬½һֱڼϣΪ޷Ĩ۵㣬гһռܹ֤Լַ̤ԼĽ£Խսˡ
ȻǼҲòϣѶȺܴ󣬳ַ˶ǺϣҾ綼Ҫȼַͣ㣬λʾ磬սѾǿֵزǱжֲΨмջָԼʹطĸãٵٵλԴ۾ʵշѹǡ
ϣܹɣ֮ˣ֮ġԪа̾һһؿ˭ﲻ˼䣬ֻпԼ
ȺʼɢȥЩʰ۵ȴȺǣ˶Щʰɽӵδܻ֮ܿҫ۵ĹâЩ˸Žǿвٶڻʰʵ̨չֹǵķ绪
Ȼδ׻Σ˭Ҳ޷Ԥϣֻסա
ַ㣬ͬɺͼһʼʥݣÿһ䣬Ԥϵõܿ죬ֽ꣬ǰע⵽֣ΪǶ˷䡣
ҲζųԼַ㣬Ҳ˷ʵܹ֮ˣֻҪܹΪһģʷıȻ
ΪֱȻҡҡȺڻصԼļ֮󣬾Ѿʼַ֣̽Ŀԣңʹ޵ַ㣬Ǽҡ
ʱҵһ֮У˶ţ¶ԵЩͣȻôá
˵˵ԼɡԪƽĿڣɨһȺ
ַ˴Ϲǵ۾ڼϵҡʹüʧٵʧ٣ټϽһսҼҺַĹϵûл͵ĿԣѾעվڵж档һλǿ߻Ŀڵ˶˵ͷһ㣬ǶףԲŻС
Ǽҵĵ˺ܶ࣬Ȼǲмһ˵ģַ㣬ȻӴļǰֻһ΢츳ˣ𼧼ϲע⣬ȻԪǣȴǲַܺģǱвǼҵһЩ棬ڻδɳ֮ʱɱõѡ
ַ䲻ˣѾǣȷʵûۺıŶ˹ϵŶļҲܺӣвǼң⣬սѧԺ
һЩ顣ʱһɫ껺Ŀڣʹò˶
˵Ԫڵ
ûҪȥԸַ㣬ĴڣԼԲǻ£츳ҲȼߣԽˣԽܼ׷ǿģǲҪǣ䣬ͨ˷ģҾỳɼ־
˻ڣʱԪ˵ͷԷҲ֪һЩǿɲǿ˴츳Ψڸ涼ܳɷҲỳɼᱻ򵹣ΪǷ䣬ߣ㼧츳ַ㣬Լ
ҲãᣬѹһֻҪɱսѧԺҲ˵ʲôֻὫ֮Ϊַ顣Ԫ˵˶΢΢ͷȻֲεǵ˼룬սѧԺ֪ǴѹַҲֵģַгɳ޷۷壬ΪҲ޳ɸղŵĽ飬䣬ҲҪܣ


1971 ֹ
ʰʵ֮ʥȻ䰲࣬Щʰϵǿ߾㶼ʼһʱյıչأǱ˵һս˶
Щδ֮ˣƺԵһΣǿҵʵ֮ġ
ÿһλʰʵ֮󣬶ӿһƥΪʵǿߣһ򣬶ЩĻʰǿߣǰЩ˵ʵ棬ǵĳǷǳģ̼ǵÿһ񾭣ͬҲʹ񶯵
һĻʰʵǰǿһ죬ɵЧȻġ
ַջҲǳ󣬼ʵĹ̵УͻƣħУһսҲף֮սǿߵ̫Ҫˣ깥Уػ˽սʱ趯ֱ֣Ĩɱ꣬ͬһһ۷ǿߣɱˣ깥ǳֱ֮߱ɱ֮ꡣ
ʱַϥٲ֮ǰѾǵˣϵƽַָǰƯһöַ˿̵֮С
ħȻħ֮֮ҹ棬Ͷսɮҹͬһҹ棬һҹ棬һŽҹַеʱԺ֮У࣬Ϊݱҹַ˿̹ģǽҹ޾Ĺ㲻ϵĳַԺ͸ܹûͷֽۣ塢ƵȱУܹݻһаħ
ǴӾãַղأرǰδУʰʵУַΪ깥ͷ֮ӵдãһЩ֮ͨͷǳУʿصġ
һЩʱգַ֮Уȹһħٵַһγħʹʹٶǿ˼ˣһȭɱͬͨ㣬ǿʢһֱȥĻȵȹλʾľŴħ٣پħ壬Ҫֱλ۷ˡ
Ȼַ㵱ҪĻǸ֮Ƕǵĵַ֮ÿҪץסȴֶо翣ʵѣ֮Ҫڶֵ֮Ѷȸ
ڴʱַַԣһַӰȻķ
ӰںΪһ漴ַУһʰʵѾһʱˣʽף£գҽʥݹʥĵ֮ˣͬʱһڴ˴ᶫԼµĴ֮ա
ʵϣᶫȢ޻¼ˣҶֳôĶᶫ±Ͳʥ̫ҫĿȻµıȴʥ壬Զͨļ˺ӭȢô򵥡
һ㣬ʥݵ˵Ȼס
ַĿתֻһԶĺԱ߷СȻҲѾǵõϢģô飬״ʥ
ˡַǱߺһĿת漴ַ΢΢ͷԵЩ޾ɣȴַ㿪ڵһǰңףء
磡Ŀ£Ҫȥףأ
ַЦЦվ˵ԴĿ⿴ԶҾôһܵܣȻҵİˣҲϲ㣬ôܲȫǣˣԺ飬ǵöҪԼΨԼӵǿ˲Ų㡣
صĵͷ죬γ
ַ̾Ϣһǰڸ֪˵ʱԼҪŬɳûôѹԼıӻ֮¿ĵĳɳȻ磬Щ鲢ô򵥣ô˴֮¶ԣȻвСĴ̼

ңʥݵĹʥ壬£ǿʥԱһɽ֮С
˼ǧĺɽһ޼ʣվɽĽ£ȻоԼСȻյиɽᷢɽ׳۵һĻƬɽ뾹һƬһ嫵ĹϹ޾ɽ֮У⻹ֻϵС磬޷ġ
գƽռŵɽնɽĳ̤һõŰ㣬֣ţԱһϵͨʯַͣʱ򣬷·ߵǴ˵еɹϵš
ַЯ˽֮ǰʱһغӭ֮ϳַһյĻʰʵҲڡ
ַ㣡ֻüͷһ壬ַһۣʲô
磬ǰأĪҲӭôַƽ˵ʹǿĿ˸Ŀַһۣĵһ뷨ַǰҵģȻַֻˣ뵷ңʲô
Ȼˣ롣ǿߵ˵Ϊʥ壬Ҽַ֪㲻ǳصģҲôûжַⲻý
˳ţַ̤ң೤ȣһûʵĹǰＫΪɼ˶û⣬ʱѾ˶ˣԶǰ֮ˣвһЩʥǿߣ磬Һļҵˣ㶼ˣȻˡ
ַ㣡ʱһĿַϣʱ˵Ŀȫַ㣬ʰʵַ֮ͳʥ̫ˣǵһʱԽɺͼ䣬Ϊʥ̸Ļ⡣
ַҡĹϵ˻֪һЩģ磬׼ֻ£ַ㵽ƺԵЩˣЩʱˡ
ַ㣡ʱᶫĿ⿴ַԼˣһ̵ɫôܵǰϲƺô
ϲƣġַ΢Ц˵Ŀ⳯ҵһλȥַôһܵܣϲ£Ҳϲˣ㸶κδۣҶⳡȡ
ȺµĿַ㣬һ˰ɣȻ츳ǿҲõսѧԺӣȻҺֹܹ˵ġ
ϧ۸ʲôۣûáҵĳĿַ⳯ƽûа㲨ַҪֹⳡô
ַƺԷĻ¶һĨЦݣ˵츳ǿԭΪһž飬ⲿʥλ˵
ȺַĻɫ΢΢һͣ˵жȻųâַ㡣
˵κδ۶ûãԸ⸶ʥĴأ
ַ㿴ǳߣ³һʹҵĳͷ΢£ַԸ⸶ʥأ


1972 Լ
ǿĿַ㣬ʥܹõⲿʥҵʵõһԾһϵļԣջ󣬺ʣҵȱ߳ѡʥ
ֻ˫ƣõʥǿʵ
ȺȫĬȻҵǿĶˣʥ
ֻҵǿĿַ㣬ĬƬ̣ڿڣЦЦʥó
˵ˣֻһܵܣֻҪشңҽʥԸԸ¡ַ㻺˵
Сթֻҳ˵ǶǳɾַĿóʥΪʲôֱҵ壬ңҷΣҪַ㡣
ȡԼܵܿһ޷Ըɡ
Ȼٰƽ塣ַ㵭ЦʹȺҲĿһͣѵַ㻹㽫ʥǣ
ҵĳֳĬˣ͸ַ뷨Ƭ̺ЦȽʥ
㵱ʥȽʥڣҵԸ⸶ʥĴۣұԼַʼնô侲ʹҳԺвϵ˸뷨Ļһ˵Ȼ壬ǣʥ
Ƭ̣ҵĳ߽Ŀ⿴𣬿ڵ֣ҵõʥȻ㹻Ĳʾء
ɫһ漴ֻҵĳ߻عͷַ㣬ãֻҪԸʥΪۣҵõʥĻԼ
ҵĳʼսõʥΪǰᣬǱǣ˵ôûʥĻȻЧ
ҳߵĻַ¶һĨ΢ЦǰȻ壬Ϊ˼棬ԼҲ֮ˡ
ҳɫһַ㣬ɫâ˸ʥأ
Ҫ¡ַЦŵ
ˣңҳкַʴȥ
ǰַƺû϶ĳŵַ˵ʹ˶ɫѿֻһ˽Ųֲ̤֮Ϣַϣһӭַ㣬Ȼᶫ
ףصģҵӭַ֮һֻҳ߻˻֣
ᶫϢȻ̺һĨɱʰʵ֮գվ˻ʹϣΣȻַ㾹ȻҰ
֣ʱǸºһ˵Ǹҳ߶𿪿˵ʾǸ⣬ǼСһĻ°ɣҪһЩ֮Ӱ顣
һԵúǲ죬ȴַֻ㽫Ŀ⿴΢ЦǰҪⳡԼһڻĵսʥ׸ңղǿߵĻǰҲˣֺ
ַĻ£Һ֮˵ɫˣַ仰̫ˣղŵԭΪ仰̵棬ڸղţַ֪ˣթȴòðһ˵ʥûܹܾջ
ö񶾵ͣҲӭ㡣һҵǿ߷ŭ˵ᶫϵٶȼַϣʹַЦãȻͣұҲ͸ˡ
˵⻰ַ㾹Ȼת˳ȥ建ڿգʹȺɫٶȽһ
ǰҸղŵĻٻԼȣڻԼ¼޸ˣȵǵãһ̤ʾ֮ʱʥʱǵûݷ壬ݼǰ̫үүҵĹϵʥ壬Ҳ޲ɡ
ַʹͷ΢£ղַ˵ʥңڣȴлõ
ǸղǾ仰Һףһڴ֮׳ʥңǰԶһѡʥãѡǰԼϡ
ƮַӰ򽥽ʧҵɫ׵ĺȥǶַˣˣˣĺܲҡ
лԼֿǣ֮ҵʥڻ顣
лԼֱпַ彻ã´Яʥ̽ǣʥǡ
ѡ񣬿̫ˣɵӶѡߣַͬ˵ղΪʥȣԼҲ޻˵
ַһúݵֶΣ仰˴˿̵ľ档ǰصаЦ޹أֵÿ֣ԣǲϣҺġ
˽ΪǰҲףŻַ֮ı޽ľ棬ַԴ˵ΪΨһĵܵܿԸһУʥκһ壬Ƕһѡ֪ȦףҲҪߡ
һ֮ԵɣֻΪַ˵ĹžΪʥһʥ޷ܾǿʥܹǿ츳ԵĹʥ
ַ뿪ˣ⽻˵Ŀ׷ͶʹлԼĻַĽʥңܾܾŲܣĽ֣澡ʧҵõʥԣַвлԼԡ
㲻лԼǱѣܹã׼ң
ַ㣬ϡ
֣ĪҪǻ˹ơҳ߿˸˵
ղֲǳŵĺˬô̧ͷ˵һʹҳɫһ
ַ̫ƻҲˡ
ǿˣǣַ㻹ܻٽƻһΣҲܵʧеõʥĿԣˡ壬Ĳ𣬸ǡĮ˵ҳ΢΢漴һӣ˷׷뿪
һĻʹ֮һɫѿǣܹ𣿻һҲһѡ
˵ʵվҲһ޽⡣
ַ㣡ҵĳӿһɱ⣬һεշ籩ҡϡ
֣ˡ
ǣ
ıҲһ׷뿪ҲΣЩȥĺãܿ죬ֵһʢ磬ÿյֻǰڷľڣȴȻûˡ
ҵȺһɫ࣬һ̣Եø䣬͸һɱĺ⣬·һɪ֮ϯ˲
ȻһַѾˣȻֶΣͺ׽᳹׵ĵң˼ɲôˣֹҺĻԼøݵֶΣ
߷һкܿ촫˳ȥʹҵ澡ʧ壬һλŮȴ¶ĲЦݣַǼһﻹЩֶΣôⶼ˸


1973 ۾֮
ַصսѧԺ֮һ綯Լɽ֮С
֮ϣ߱Ŀַ¶һĨЦ⣺СһϷǵܾˡ
ַ¶һĨ΢Цߵ¶ˣǰ棬΢΢ǷǰַǰΪǰ󡣡
λ󣿡߱Цʵ
ʲôַ߱ʵ
߱ɫ΢ַ㣬Ц֮δɣȴʵʲôǷøԶ
ʵʵ֮ⲻ⣬γɴַ㻺ڣ֮֮⣬Ϊһ֮䣬ؼֻشֻأȻ֮ƻӶرǻֻǵСɣƲϴ
Ǹ򡢵ǹ򡣡߱΢ЦӦ
֮ʲôַʡ
֮߱ɫһַ㣬漴̾Ϣһ֮ǳѣѴ˵ѣϣҲ˵ѣǴ졣
ѣַɫһ͡
ȻѣжܳѣνǧأƿǬɨұ˳ΪѧԺ棬ʥȻǳѣңңӰ߱¶һĨַʻ񾭡
ѣһγ׷ѣǧܴǺεΰ
֮ˡǴ졣ַһĨץסĸоڤڤ֮еʲô
֪֮ˣӵкεΰ̵ַ߱
ǧعܣҲһܴԽգһɱܹ޵һͷܹΪ־ѣʥ߱γû֮⣬޷ץʥǶԣѳΪ
ʥôַ૵
ʥˡʥߡ߱Ȼɺ⣬̼ط·𶼱һ϶һب֮У߱һ
ʥߣַͷݺݵĲ£ǵһ˵δûʥǧܴǶԣֻһ
ʥ֮𣿡ַʵ
ҲǣҲ߱૵ȴͻȻͣЦǾ֮ϻеĻôһƿˣڽǷ񻹴ڣҲлȥѰҴ𰸰ɡ
棬ָоƺҪɾһֵ֮ȴ޷ץסַ̡
ǾǣȻҪȥץסʱ޷ҵģ֮ʱһδһżȻˡ߱ЦŻӦ
Ȼǡַ૵߱˵ͷʾ磬λʾ磬˶ǵ֮˵ҪܹҪǷ˻ԵǷˣӵƣõӡֱܹӹڣɽʼѭ򽥽ĳһ˲򣬶ͬҪץסȴץסָоͶˣȻ
ִ̫ڴˣ³ˣһֱ򣬵ȷҪԵַ¶һĨЦ⣬ƻȻʣƼգܵգ뵽Լ֮γھ֮򣬽ˮɡ
ͨһҪĲʱȥΪĸ
ַҲ֪ʱܹ֮ˡ
ʲô׵ĵط𣿡߱Цʵַ츳ȻԸַָ㣬ܹŵĳɳΪƿ޷ͻƵ˶ԣһ˵飬ϣַгһܹԽ֮ľ磬Ǻεȵһ
棬޲ӣ࣬ȻвΪ֮ϧΣַٴ̡
ѡ㾳ԣܹӳǿֱӰսģǹӡѡܹսѡȻ޷õӵǿԵħԼ⣬ʥһЩܹ沢沢ʣµģԶӵ֮ϧûдڵļֵ𡣡
ַΪȻĵ˵ͷԣЩ˿ø⣬ַû뵽߱ԼѾ˵˽ˣӡħʥԼӵе֪ɡ
֮˵һЩӵǿ츳֮˵һҪӴ̫֮ͨǹž飬ĳɳЩ޷ͬһɳעҪģڲͬĽ׶Σʹòͬеãһ㷢ĳ㻹мֵʱټ𲻳١
ַ߱͵ַ΢΢ͷȻһž飬һЩǳĹž飬ĳ嶯Ȼ޲ѾҵʺԼģٲħָʥڣӦһ׷ǳףˣžջ޶á
𣿡߱ʡ
ַ˼Ƭ̣漴Ц̤λʾ֮档
á߱˵ͷ漴ַ΢΢Ƿһת
ǷҪԷˣѧԺ߱ʵ
޵У֮뿼ˡַͷҲأƽ˵ʹ߱Цˣŵļһϲ
ȻĴѾɵ֮ʱҪڷԣֻǵ֮ţǵ̵֮⣬ϵڣʵԳķԣ㲻ڽзںϡ
ַ߱ıӰ˵ʹַһͣͣƬֻ̣ת߱Ĺȥ漴뿪ɽ
ַȥ߱¶һĨЦݡ
ϲģҵ۹Σʱֻ߱ԶദһӰȻ档
Ҳ۹⣿߱ƲƲ죬ѧԺ飬ŵ˸Ĩˣǰ˵
ƨпôӱ㷢֡漴Ц£˵ûлǶϲľ磿
߱ɫ¶һĨصɫʥսѧԺһһԾΪĴѧԺ֮ף
˵ʥݶţǷҲͳɳʥ֮һ綼ѣҪ׷һ磬̫ˣϣлɡ߱̾һϣַܹɣλʾܷӦϣģ


1974 ·
սѧԺٲǰַɽõַָ֮߱һֱǱʱǵ֮
磡ʱһַ۾漴ͤͤŮȻСš
ѾͷַվСŵԴСһǲԼģ֪ôˡ
磬˵ɽҪɾ͵ˣȥɽСŶַ˵ɽʥݵһɽɽ룬̺ܹõ˸ص֮ϴɽΪǿͻƴ۾֮ʱѡĵط
Ҫͻˡַ૵ڻʰʵ֮ʱױԤɽͻʾ̤۾磬ʱôգվҪ̤˶ľ磬۾
۾ʥݣ˵½Ҳһǿˣ˵ڹʥǰԵȻ֮жٹʥڣ۾ǿߣԶ򣬱ܳΪҵɽۣɽţǵǴ۾ǿߡ
۾󾳣֮ɿҵΪ䣬ǿ۾磬Ѿʦ˹ʥ֮⣬֮صʮ֮ǣܹһϵļ֮ãҲ½ңڣе֡
۾֮ʥ֮Ѿʥ֮һ֣۾ǿ֮ξ޲ȥ֮أݣ£ǿʥۣܹһʥ壬ΪԸĴڣǸһ³ݣҪԵ˹̡ܽ
ڵ۾֮ϣǴ˵еľ磬ܶȥǾ۷ǧĴڣǣףǴ˵֮صԼɣ֮ʥʥ
νʥݷԢǣϣΪִڣʥгһʥѾȥ˷ʥҪ⣬̸Ц¹ģһŭ֮Ǭ롣
񣬷ɣ̤ĵһɾ͵λ
ãȥɽַ΢΢ͷ
лл磡С˵ַϣ˫ִӱַĲӣʹַЦѾͷҲСˣôƤҸ˼Ұˡ
ңҾͲˡСŲ쵽ַǰ棬Ĺĵĵַ㡣
ã㡣ַСŵԴ漴СųսѧԺȥսѧԺַ㣬¶ɫżĽ֮⣬ַ㣬λ֮磬˷֮䣬ΪʰϯλţͬһҫĿǰ㣬ô財ˡ
ַʦ֡ѧԺ֮У˿ַ㶼΢΢Ƿ̨֮ˡ
̨ѾгԽ֮ƣΪսѧԺĵһɣԴűַ㸲֮սѧԺ̨ɼûˣֻмŵΪɣսѧԺÿһˣ֮ȻսѧԺǷǳϸæˣֳ̨֮˷ɣ̨Щĵȥ𣬽̯˦ǣֻ̨ܴ֮ʵѵΨַһﵹã˦ʲôңÿԹһѡ
ȻַѾΪ̨ڣ̨̨̨ˣѧԺ֮ж͸һ֮⡣
ɽ죬λڹ֮УʵɽһƬɽ򣬺޾ɽָƬɽߵ塣
ʱɽܱߵһƷϣ͸ƮϢɼɽĺжֲ͸УһһƬƬƷϣŲӰǶɽҪɾ͵λģܹһλǿߵĵҲһѵ֮£ʥֵطÿҲֻܿɢļܹ̤
ڵɽۣ֮һӰϥĿ죬֮ͬʱ֮У·ؽϣһһ֮䣬ʹ񷶼һƬƣϼɣ֮ҫ񷣬ǳ׳
·콵𡣡
ڴ˵֮ãϢԽԽ˴ʥݸر˿̣ǿӰ˸Ƭɽ֮ء
ʱַСŶˣҲһɽ֮ϣĿɽ۷ɡ
ɾ͵ؽ𣬷ҡؽڣ֮׻Ϊʵ壬һǷ켣治֮࣬ԽãԽ׳ۣǱԽ󡣡ַĿԶ૵Ǵ۾ףɺ콣ʵͻƲͬߵ·ˮɵͻƣ콣ʱ͵ƿݾͻȻľ֮Ѫͻơ
żַоĿ⳯˵Ŀƽ棬ҲĿ䣬ַԶûᣬɫ糣ɳɾ͵λ
ַ㡣ڴʱһλ߰׷üɫͣɷǣͬõˣްƣȻȴɲ֮С
ǰǣַ㿴ǰˣ¶ɻɫ
ɽɢޣ֮ˡЦǿҵ׺֮Уַ΢ЦջʰʵҲˣ츳ϷգϲӦʮɡ
ַ΢΢ͷʮûжʲôܡ
ǳ˳ɾһֵǼΪѵãſλʾ磬ȻҪɾ͵ڶֵ֮ңںϵںһϷ뿴ǳɵΡ
ߺЦ˵ַֻЦ£ûж˵ʲô֪Ϊ
ҵĵ֮Ҫɾ͵ĵм֮Ҫ𣿡΢Цŵַ㣬ַ£漴˵ͷǰԸͽ̣
Ǻã㿴ҡ΢Ц˵漴ַĿ⿴˵۾Ƭ̣оԼһƬռ֮УһƬͬλð磬ܹſһУ·ûκ
ڳںϡһƮַ΢΢ͷ֣֮У漴ַ㾪ȵһĻˣķȻӵںϵļȻں֮ʱȴַ·ܵһ޷߳һ
ĸĳִʶţŻᵼΣҿĸ򡣡λðĴʹֲַθУº֮⣬Ҫ׵ķʶ·һԺ֮С
Ȼ֮ɣлԵˣɣһ͡
ַԼ߱ĶԷԺжʱһ漴ʶȻ䱬¡ַ֮㱬һȥ
£ַĿĶǰߣͫ͸Ϣ
ַ߰¶΢Ц³һּͬʱԵСȥֻʱСѾ˯ˣ
ַף˵Ĵιžм֮ƻãʵģ


1975 
СһﲻҪҰ㿴򲻺𣡡ɺЦȻ˿ַУȴ˼а졣
ɣΪ۾ǰҪֶȡҵļ䣬һˣַ㱧Сŵһξ룬ĿŶԷֶаĺܣܹĻ֮УַоԼҪˣоѣŲԷˣ˿ԼǼǿе
ߵȻһɿֲѹַϣʹַֻо͸ˮɿֲѹ֮£ֻоԼ嶼ҪĿռ·𶼱סҪӶܡ
۾ַɫһ漴ֻԷվ͵ĻӶ¡һɾͬκ˰ϣʹ屬ˣϢҵţɫĶŶԷ
ƿСΪ츳ܷķʥݣǹʥ£츳ҵǰҲϡ
ŭһǹལЯâַϡ
ַ㿴ŶԷ¶һĨĮЦҸңǺ𣿡
ңɡӦ
ɡַ૵֣㼧ҲɱңҪȡҵļ䣬ǰѹңǿЦ֮Ҹ㣬ΪյΪڡ
Բѣٶһ˦䣬ֲʹַо嶼ҪһѪɨ˼һۣС뿪ߡ
ַ˫֮Ϊƣ˴ǰĿΪȡַļ䣬ܹʥõ֣û뵽ַôִܹƾ־ѳһֻܽԷܲһ۾ǿȡʧܻ뿪ҲҪռݾԵǿƣãŮϣȻ֪һСܡ
ַСһƷ壬СŽֻʱС¶ɻɫַ磬ôˣ
û£ղһ֮ˣĻַ֮΢Ц˵
ҵǿߣ֮СɫһղһֵΣʲôˣַʲôϵ˵ˣĸ˶Է
ôСţַ㿴Сɫı仯һ
ûʲô磬صѧԺһǻСȥɡСЦ£ַȻɻ󣬵ɵ˵ͷ
е֮Ũ·ε֮Уؽڣֻһɽͼ֣ʱ嫵ɽΧһ׳澰һؽɽͼףƬضΪƿأͬʱһɹ·ҪҲ죬ɵ֮
Ҫɵˡͫ΢΢£¶֮âʱر޳ƶֲסǹ⣬ֻĿͬǳֱ֮ϣһɶ֮Ʒҡϣӿֲֿƣؽڣϼ⻷
ͻˡȺ𺳣Ӵʥݽֶһλĵ۾ǿߣϣʶǴ˵еľ硣
󷲷֮ˣ඼£Щھ½߳Ƶǿߣܶ඼ѧԺ߳ȥģЩѧԺķ߷ʯɻǵֺ¼
ǽգڼ֤һδ۷ǿ߳ɳͻƴۣɳɾԼĵһһʼ
ڴʱ޾֮Уһľ֣ڷ衢ڱڣƽ۳أȻ䷢Х֮ع
һ̣Բǧأȫһΰסǹ·Ҫʹ춼
ɵȺͫ΢¶ɫַһĨɫɣôֲϢ
ڴʱַߣСĿⶢգһ
ɽ֮ϣͻƵ۾ɫȻ¶ȻɫƬջֲ󣬽ضС
ɣӡһŭֻ֮ӮһǿӰ̤·͸գֱ˵ɽȥ
õƬض棬漴ֻն̮һжҪ𣬰ɵ塣
ǣȻ䣬һӱƵдȺڵλãȻһҫĿĹ⻪ɵ·һɹĻ棬һƬ磬ǳƣȻ˿̣Ǹ綼ڱɢѡ
䣡һö廯һ⣬ػϵˣյĵøӵǿûػΨܡ
𣡡һ˻ʹضǵĿֲ촫ɽһ֮Ϊ棬ɵȴ·޵У׼˲֮ûˣӮҸ֮һһػԶܵǿߵͻȻһΣػڶܡ
յжȻһſֲ֣һλӮҵǿץȥ̼Ӯҵǿ߱˺ҧסһضҪΨب̴棬ʥ۵ۺʥ֮Ĳ̫࣬ˡ
¡һ죬һƬն·ըѿʹӮҵǿ߶屬ˣɫҰףʵȻͻˣɱʥݣǰˡ
Զһ̫Ҫ貵⳯ȻȴûκεԶٶǰѸͣȥ
һλǿ𣿡а޾յУȴûκεײ֮Ϸð
㾹ٷӮңʦַȫô֮һֲɱ죬Ƭն֣κ˶ܹܵǹ֮ɱ⣬˵嶼΢΢š
ַ֮壬ұɱӮ֮ˡ˷ȴܲǹϢڡ
ˣȺɫ΢û뵽˶ʮʱ⣬ɱˣΪȻͻƵʥ֮ٶϮɱɡ
ӮҶɵıֲܿ͵һԷᡣ
ʥݣ˶ŹһЩ飬ǵȻ֪˭ƺΪɶãҲӮǿߵУ֮ޣʹɱ䣬ɱӮҵĺձӮҵľǿ׷ɱ·ʧ죬ӦѾжʮʱˣǶǲ壬֮ʱɲλʶѣѧԺո¶â⻷ҫۣɣѾɾ͵𣬺ܶ˵ˡ
ʮʱ̫ãɣںһ磬ٵλɵ츳֮ǰ̤۾磬ûˣ


1976 в
Ȼɿ۾һλͻƵʥ۾Ŀ´ڣֻܵػ֮ûκεֱͣˣ۾֮䣬һ󾳽Ĳͬǵ蹵۴Ӵ۵ʥ󾳽Ĳ࣬츳ֲˣֻҪԷһ˿ᣬɾͱɡ
˿޾֮ϣضңȴƽϢ˵Ϣʧ۾ʱӮҵ׷ɱɹˣʥ֮Ҫɱˣײ
ַĿⶢգ˫âɱɣ
ҩǿߡַһ̨Ĳ䣬̨˵̨СʱĲ䵱оͳֹһλսѧԺպգѧԺɲѧԺ˫ǣһܹɣ˽ΪѣȴĪУ˲²˱ֶɱҩ꣬졣
̨ἰµʱ˷ŭһɸΪŵ֪ǱҩΪϣģҩǿ߶ǴɣԽ󱬷ǱԽǿ£֪쵱һһ
СţʱַĿתֻСվշ
û¡Сžѹַ磬ǻȥɡ
Ҳáַ˵ͷȻڴ˿ֻ̣һӰƮȻǸղǼҵļɣʹַüͷ΢΢£˸
ؽţǸһϢġ΢Ц£漴ַ㴫˵Ӯҵ֪ĹϵΣ
ţַɫһͣĮͫһĨɻ֮⣬Ĺϵ
һֱַ㣬漴СţֻʱС¶ŵɫ
Ҫ㲻ʶ죿ɼ˵ʹַͫ׶Ȼһ죬ϣ
ϺθɣַɻȻڴ˿̣ͷ΢£Ȼ뵽ʲô㣬ҩҩ壬ҪСʥݣ
ַɫȻ£ͷȻţ̧ͷ֮ϣϣ
ˣַ㣬˵Ӯ֪ԵŮŮã»Σɼʹַɫһ죬ǣ죬ӣ
ַٿСţ㳹˹֮кâŶԷȥһ۾ǿߣȻԻ֮ԻһŮӣɡ
бɶ֣ҲãȻҸ㣬ǴԻ㲻ʥңұ֤ܿӮұ֪ܣսѧԺܹס㣬ŮӣӮ֮ĶԹսѧԺҲǿв֣سΪӮҵв죬ˡ
¶ɫֵĿǼʱôõİѱУַ㲻ͷ
ҪҲĸ֮𣿡ַĮĻӦԷâԵҲ֮ˣֻãӮΣȻҶңֻҪӮҸСţұȻ㼧Ҽйܣʱ㼧ǷҲӮһŭ𣿡
ţɫһַ㾹ҷв
Ͳõɱ
˱ɵԸ񣬼ЭˣһΣ޴ұѡ񡣡ַǿ˵ʱƣ򱻶Էץסѱ޷֮ء
ɿˣɵɫ׵һɺɨţŮӮҵУ֪ʲôجΡ
Ҳˣ㼧ҿ֦ɢҶӵܱ鼰ʥݣ㼧жʥǿߣܷ񱣻ˣ㼧ԼʱҲҪ̤ң򣬺Σգһ춢Ǽҡַɭ˵漴عСŵ֣ߡ
£ַƿȥʹüɵɱӮҲ֪ǿߣӮҵ𣬺ӮҲ޵ڵĹϲ䣬˫մ첻ɱӮ֮ˣӮҲѪϴҩȣֻһӮҲֻԸһ
ֶȷʵ£αװ֮޷죬۾ΪѱӮҵľǿ£ȻӮȴʼ޷ɱˣʥݣʱ䷽ƽϢ˶ʮꡣ
ͻƵʥ۾һսЩϮɱɣң¼ҲҪӮһȷѪ꣬ɻ治ױ¶ܡ
Сţ֪үү֮УַСʵʹС˸£ַѾ֪ˡ
磬Ҳ֪үүڵɽͻƣ֮ãүүĻܻܿѡζ֣û뵽үүĻˡС˵ŵǣѾȥô꣬һֱԤүүӦûʥˣԤгΪʵĻˡ
ѾͷʵˣӮҪԸ׵ġַСŵԴ΢Цȥ֮ҪСˣȻĻǼй¶ܣΣˣֻҪҵС磬˭ҲҲ㣬ӮҲܶô
áСŵ˵ͷȻҲԣûмɣôѾˣӮҸ뵽ǵСŮ֪ܣүүֻˣȻͣӮץסӮһвүү
ŷƿ֮УǰȻһӰʹַɫһµĹŷͣ
үүС૵漴ֻǰӰתϵɣϵ̬ƺδΪǿʧͬһλƽߣ豹棬ǰϣͨûʲô
ϣַҲ¶һĨЦ⣬ֻӰһ˹ŷ֮ϣ˫СŵգЦҵСŶѾôˣôƯ
үүСϵĻУֱӱʹϿЦҸЦݣḧСŵԴôĹﻹСһҲ
˵ţĿ⿴ַ㣬΢ЦŵС㣬Ҳˣô꣬Ѿͷ鷳ˡ
ϣû㣬ûˣСãô˵鷳ַЦ˵ʹϲϵĵͷȻ֪ĸѣȻǷȴû뵽ɳô죬һʮ꣬ʥǣϣгһգܳΪ½
ģַŲɵĵͷ֮ˣԼҪмޱȵţԼԼγɾ;
ϣЩ鷳ǼҵļɣȻԻ֮ƭСţʹ֪СŵݣղŻвҡַ㽫ɵϣ鷳Ҫһ¡
ǲϵ֮жȻ䱬⣬֪òȻɷǣʵֶαӣȷʲô¶ȥɱ


1977 ƭ
ַϵĻɫ΢ڵϣֱӳɱɣɻἤŭңĴΪ»Ҫ
ʲô뷨϶ַʵ𣬱¶˾һҪɱֽҼŭȷǺõѡӮҵѾͷۡ
ҪвһĻᣬʱ֣һɱأĻҲ֪ġַ㿪˵˸Ļǲ鵽һ
Ϊֻλʾ磬˵ɱ˼ɣδ̫ЦЩɡַЦ£˵ͷ
ңַ㱳վŵսѧԺӲҪ˵ַйأôֻ˵ַսѧԺǿ߳ˣһûôսѧԺϡ
ϣʲô㣿ַʵ
ǲõҡ΢Ц£漴ϵʽı仯ղͨˣһǿߣ͸һĨͬʱҲˣһĻַ¶һĨЦ⣬ⷽзǳߵ衣
ҵһطţҽƭٳϮɱַϿڵϵ˵ͷһ¿չȥʥݺ޾ҸطŸע⵽
ַ㡢ԼС˶û뿪ŵĵطȻȴһӰ߳Ǽҵһϳ˺ȻǼҵļ۱ֶԣ⼧ӦóƺΪүү
ļȥƺǰûʲô仯Ȼ˫ͫ·˼ĮȻһ֮һϵϢҲĮ˼ˣ棬ûʲô仯޷Ѿַƿء
ħħƿνΪĸӣԭʼ״̬ǰȫһֱƣ츳ǱΪƳħ仯ֶΣ˵ĿƶҪԵֻܿûǿˣһƳħħӵԼ˼άȴԶҳˣǻĿܡ
ڵɽͣһʱ䣬㿪ʼżҷأƶ˻ǰУԺвϵһЩ顣
ַ㵹ǽƻȻ˿вҷв˿룬δַեȡһЩԼ֮
ɶʥǴߣټʥݣֻ֪ʥһַ㣬һǳڻʰʵ̨£ʥݣɸʥǿҵĿȻһѧԺһսѧԺģǲ׶ģղŻֶƭַ㣬û뵽ʧˡ
ڣɿûз㲻õʥҲŹַ㣬һֵ̫Ǯˡ
ڼŸζԸַʱѾ˼ҲԶȻڴʱ෽һӰХ
үү
ţɫ΢£عͷ㿴˼Ӱͫײɵ΢£Сô£ʧô죬ȥַ鷳ʲô
үүʣҺͼţңһֱַǼһʵܿ¡¶һĨʹɫʹü΢΢ͷ˵ڻʰʵ֮ʱֳսȥٶ˿һȥ޻صģôӳˣ
ҳġ˵ʹüɫ΢ɻַôģ
үү⻹лл㣬Һʲôϵʵشˣ߶үүҪүүһ棬˵Ը⸶һĴֻۣһΡĿ˵ʹüɫ˸żûи飿
Щˣүү⵽ô£
ˣַôͻսѧԺų
ûУַӵһܹ˵ķһҺͼһļҵ˶棬ڻڵɽԶĵطش
û˵Ҫ·ǰȥɿڵ
үүҿɲٻȥˡ˵
ûϢʲôɺǳһĿ˸ͣл᲻ʲôıУ˵ַ㲻κεǣַʲôϵǻ᲻һֱϵҪ
ɣ½Ϊ۾ˡ
ַ˵ڵɽȶүүûҶүүҲҵġЦɵ˵ͷҲãȻȥҼԪһֱѰ㡣
˵ͷ漴żҷ˸ȥȡһöУγŵɽȥ
ɽʱȻһɽַ֮Ӱַ⣬Ȼ뿪ˡ
ַ㣬ĪͨˣҪʥΪ㱣סܡ˫΢΢𣬶ַ˵
ˣʥұزܽһһĹžΪۣǣֻһΡ
˵ҵȿžǷðɣ۾
Ҫˡַ㵭˵漴ֻ촽䶯ţ̼һǿƴ͸ͫףһɹɿֲĻ涸ȻԺ֮зͬʱһҹ淨ֳ֣־޴ĸֲ棬պգͬϹŵķӰ㣬Ҫɱһаħͷۣ·Ҫ˵ꡣ
λʾΪȷʵǿаƬ֮һжʧ
ⲿžΪܹǷ֮мΪǿһžղſֻ֮һĽҹ⽻ףΣַ㻺˵漴ЦˣɽžݸҰɡ
ãڱݹž㣬õž֮ҪǴӦҵ飬ֻһΡַĵ
ȻһܡЦŵ
طɣžҪһʱ䣬ǵϿȥַγǰ˸漴ֻɵȵȡ
㻹ʲô飿ַ䵭ĵ
㿴Ѿҵӣˣܻ̱ҵǿ֪˵ţһ֮뵽֮УǴЦû취ַϵĹϵδ֪òŵ㡣
ַɫı仯ɵģҵӣûиˣֻҪҺúõģұ֤ܲᴫȥҶؿƿ
õ۾֮ˣˣֶΣη֮ˣַ䡣
ĹϵҲòСĽɵ
ɡַɫ࣬ϿжȥŸַ㣬Ļַ㻹ðա
ڴʱҵļѾõַϢżסĵط˸ȥַţȡŵܣԴвַ㣬ˣַ


1978 󶯾
ɽ嫣ϿȣʱһϿȵУַͬ
˰ɣ̧ͷһϣϿҪһʱ䣬Ҳᱻ˿ˡ
ãſɡַŲͣĳλã漴عżɿڵַֻü֮һżɶȥ
ɵǿᣬַ͵Ϯֻſַ䳯ӿȻеļȷһž飬ǳһžȻɲûг׷ɻЩţȵõĹž鲢뿪Ľ
ɽȵķż⣬ַ΢ֻг˼öֱ̼ʧԭأϿ֮أַ㻹δϿգյϿϿգһӰƮϢ
ãɫ䣬Ȼ䳯һɽȥ˻һӰ
ȻֻһأƬϿȷ·𶼱һõӰ֣ţ¡¡ļ֮ط·Ҫѡ
ַѾϿȣͷҲδأֻǳ֮У漴Զ޴֮Уʹַ𺳣ÿֲĲ·Բǧ˶Ҫˡ
ַԤϵİ㣬ߵ𶯾˷Բ֮صޣӰ˸Ŀֻ⳯޷ϿڷſֲĻ𲨶ɽϵıѣ·ضҪݰ㣬Ƕ̫Ȼпµǿս
ǿĻ𲨶δ̫ñƽϢһɢϿԱߵɽ嶼ȫˣƬϿһˣûκζҲûп˴ֻңԶĵطһӰһɽд͸Զȥ·һкûйϵ㡣
ͬʱڼңͬһ飬ɵĶӣΪѾʾ۷壬׼۾磬ȻȴˣڼұɱˣڼҶԣ飬Ȼ˵ڼɱˣֱ˵ȥ¶ţȴʵʵڵķ˼ң˻Ǽҵĵϵһ֧
ü֮Ƶǣ֮ӵص㣬ûзʲôҵײ·׾پͱɱˣΪζ뵽Լϵ㲻ֶȴͻȻɱ֡
౻ʱ򣬼ҵȥţݼɵĶϱ˵ɷ򣬺ͷ磬ҵĲҲӦǼ˼Ӱȷ»ص˼ңͲ˴кȻܿ뿪ˡ
ǣûȥݼĳûȥĸĸ
֮࣬
ʱԪһӰվһʬԱߣȺĻ㱨ɫࡣ
ΪʲôҪɱأһλҵǿʵ벻ףҵ˶ףĿʲô
ʧǰȥԸַˣȻһֱʧٴγ֣Ȼɱ壬ɺޣϷʲô£
ڴ˿̣һӰĿ⿴żԪĶͷϣ͸˿˿ˮ
ţԪüͷ΢壬ʵôˣ
үˡ˼ѵĿڣʹüԪͫ׶Ȼ佩һɷ£Զеô򵥡
ɿ۾ǿߣʵ൱˭ɱüɱ˼أ浽ʲôܡԪͷţһλǿߵңҲǸ
˭ɣ̸ȥ飬Ԫ͸ɭ֮⣬ɸȺ䣬۾ĶӼأڼңͬ弧ɱԪܲŭ治֪ʲôС
һգʥӮҵЩɱһλ۾ǿ䡣
һգʥ弧ҵ𣬼ɸ˫˫ɱһ۾磬һڼ嵱С
һռҲ˺ܶϢ˼εطһͻ֮ʱڵɽֹҺַйݵĽӴһγ־ڼҵ治Զ˻ؼҵļ·ļ֮˿ˣ֮󼧽˼壬뿪·֮˻ͼк
еìͷָһˣַ㡣
ڵɽʱ򣬺ַжݵĽӴʧǰȥԸַˡ
ǣ˭˵ַأַ㣬ɱ۾ǿ߼ɣǼڶԸַ㣬˵սѧԺʥݵ˶ңҪԸҲҪôĽڡ
Ȼ¾ôˣȥַ𣿼ɸӵʲôܣôˣ
ڶ죬ϢɽǿײɽѣҵõϢƲ⣬ܿǱǼɵ֮սȻֲַ㣬˭֪ǣ˭ģַıֻսѧԺңܻսѧԺǿ߸ɵ
ӮŭˣʼĴѰټ
ŭˣַķŭѾ˸ǿҵĳ̶ȣȻ޷֤ʲôȻɸӵԺַѲ˸ϵǣȴ޿κΣûκַ֤йأͲܶսѧԺŵַ㡣
һ죬ǿ߼ԪӮҡ
֮УӮҵǿӮӴ˼ԪżԪʵԪ֣˴ǰӮң֪Ϊ£
ΪĹӮұǶ֮Ȼżɽֱ˵ѯʡ
غ뽫ãɱɡԪ΢Ц˵Ӯ˵ͷȻ죬ֻҪһһһᡣ
Ӯֿ˿ұҲֱ˵ˣܹӮҵ׷ɱȻӵмαװͻƵʥ֮ӮҪɱ̫ѡ
Ԫкν飿Ӯʵ
½һ壬һαװӮ֪ɡԪʵ
Ӯͫ΢΢£Ȼ֪½λǳȻ֮ˣҪ붯Էæ̫ˣ֪Ҫʲôۡ
ԪӦףӮȻǹʥ壬ӣһûӮڵ
ҵӮ֣ǼҿϺӮһػаյġԪ
ӮͫбһâżԪԸæҪӮʲô
Ҫַ㡣Ԫ˵ʹӮĿһսѧԺһ˵㼧ҶԸַ㣬ӮңҲʦɡ
һʦңֻмҺӮңļң֮һǰһˡԪĿⶢӮ˵
һ̣Ӯ˵£˵ĴʥԸַ㣿սѧԺѹ̣ÿֲ
ӮĿ漴Цʥһ֣ѵֻΪַѣյĿģַϵʥɣ


1979 ֮
ԪĿӮӦ˵ַҼвСĳޣıҼ۾ǿߣҼҪ£ʥܵõȻá
ӮЦԪĻδЩЦûʥҪҡļҲ˵ҵսѧԺôʥ֣ʥΪ֮ˡ
׼֧ļҺҵĴۿҲʥɣҲΪǻΪҶսѧԺվڶ棬ôӮңǷҲһݡӮĿ˸͸ŷâ
Ӯ֣ӮҶԿǴ󻼣ҼҺļҴӦӮֹͬȥˣӮҺöԸ죬ѵôԪԵЩõ˵
ȻӮȴߣǼĴַõʥļҹĻʥ彫ǿʢһӮҶԣɲʲô£˵ʱǿûʲôͻȻͬΪʥ壬˭֪ʱìܱʥ̫ƽˡ
ֲ˵ôֱܹӶԸַ㣬ҲҪѴӮңԼҲҪ֮۵İַܸ㶨ɡӮЦ˵ʹüԪͫ΢΢Ϻꡣ
ӮһᱣãҲɱӮҵˣĻӮԻַĲ䣬ӮҶԻ㲻̫飬ӮԼȥ֮ˣȻҪó㹻ĳõôĻ干֣ʥӮҲУȻĻɡ
Ӯվǿ˵Щô꣬˭ı԰
ԪĬ˾ôһվһ˰֮УãԪſڵãʥԺӮҹõӮҲٵá
Ӯ建תЦǳģãɽֻ׼°ɡ
ӮʥַϣӦûܹӮĶ֮ˡ
ʱַڼԪӮֵȻһ֪ɱɣֻҪû֤ݣ޻˵ǲ²⵽Σλʾ磬ɱһλ۾ǿߣңҶ
ǣַȻ͹˼ҵľģΪʥľġ
ڻʰʵԼַʣ˶ΪʥûȻǵ츳źܴӰ졣
ʱʥĳأƿ֮УַԼСŶڣǰԼˡ
˻֮󣬱ûٷ˺µַ˵ûȻֻôһܵܣеģ˶УУºδĺҲУң˵˲ʲôʥӵܣȻַôһ磬ַ츳Ȼʥݴʣһ壬ΪҪֻʱѣȻҲϲˣ͵Ƕַδˡ
ˣԼ𣿡ַ㿴ˣʵ
磬㶼Լһ˴ģһֱߣԶ޷߷ɣ˴СµҶҲһִҾ뿪˵ʹַȻ˵ҲϣԼĳɾͣȻϾ׵ܵܣʮȥ½ʮ֮ڵ򣬼ѳ̶ȿ֪
ǵСģһҪ֪ͨҡַ˵ľЦŵǵúúչС¡
һġµ֣¶һĨ΢Ц磬ŵ㣬ҾͲٺǸˣȻ᲻ˡ
ãȥɡַЦ¡
صĵ˵ͷ漴Сţ㡢СŽ㣬ǶҪúõģԺǡ
쵰һҪǸʲôĻҲ㡣С߳һ۾Щģ˿˵ģСôһֱųţ˾Ҫ뿪ˣ³ȥ
СŽ㣬һҰɡһЦˡ
˵ţת뿪ַǻ˻֣˵ӰԶȥʧ˹֮С
ַ̾Ϣһþԣ֣ҲˣԶߣ޷ɳ
סַһЦֵܣȻʵȴͬһӴ˺ΧĻ˵ʵܹӴģ˴ߣֻһͣȻԼԸ߳ȥַûбҪȥֻϣһаá
磬ҾˡСź۾ʹַи֪̾СŶ˵ĸ飬ƽܣһ˿ĸԹԣ˴һСžʹ
ˣֲǲַǰСŵԴ漴һԶתȥ
ַЩ춼ԼСŴһ𣬲ûлսѧԺ̤ʥַ֮֮㶼дãܹлȻ֮УʥôҲ赣ıҵԼͷ棬¼ӮҵǿҲ޷ϳ
ȻַƺδʶΣѾڻĽ١
һ죬Ӯңһλ׳ۣͷߣȻȴ˶ûа̬˫ͬǳޱȣ˶͸һƮ֮ʣһգӮҡҡļҡңĴʥĶǿ߶˲٣ֻΪӭ⵽ߣɼ֮Ƿ
֣Ϊӷ硣ʱӮǰ֮˿˵
ˣֱ¡ֱӣ˰֣Ӯ˵ͷѾͺ̸ˣ׼֡
Ŀ⿴˼Ԫƽĵȥ˵ļ֮أʹ֮۰㻹ԭ
áԪ΢΢ͷ漴һӰڿգ˵ɽɽѾһƬɽϽأȻǼ֮أԪ֮Уź֣ҼҼ֮ء
΢΢ͷ漴ֻڿգվڸߴ̼䣬رã֮ϣ·кҹ٣ǳãؼһΰʹ˶ӵд·֮С
ڴ˿̧̣˫֮ͫз·貹⻪ǳ̼䣬ǳ֮ϣ·һ˫貶Ŀɫ۾ޱߣͬ۰㣬ɨƬɽ
֮֮ۡ𺳣ǿ߹ȻǱѰ֮ͨ˾
֮۵ĹԽƬɽ֣Ȼ䣬¿ճһƬƬĻ·֮۵ĳ֣һĻĻľȺб仯ȺͻƳƵ۵ľ£˼ɶԸַĳ
ͣʱɺַӰһɽ龰֣Ԫһֻ˫֮ͫ⣬ʹ֮۷ŻĻʱɺַĶԻǵϿ֮У֮һλ߻Ĵӵɽ֮ϳϿ̤ȥַˣţɽս


1980 ػ
Ȼַ㣡֮Ŀ֮ۻԭɽ֮£ǿУַıɱҼɣô֮ӼأӹɣȻҲַɱģѾַơ
Ԫͷţɱû˸Ҷ˵ķַһˣ̫ҵ飬ӱҪˡ
ǿӰ˭ѵսѧԺҲ˲ɣԪĿ䣬ɽҲûп˳֡
ʱһԵӮĿ⼫ķͬ㣬ƺܿ졣
죿Ԫͫ΢΢£˵ɱҼҼɣ
óαװӮǣΪλַɱ㼧֮ˡӮڣԪҲ⣬Ȼַ㣬ôƺҪǻֿԸˡ
֣ܷҵӮźʵǴңԶ֮ؽӼΪ׷죬޴
ȻֻҪʥݣӲ֮ƽ͸һĨǿҵ֮⣬˵ǵò֮ǰ
áӮͼԪͷֱַӰ֮ûʱõӰӳе֮Ʈȥ̼䣬һ֮أ·Ӱ˫֮֡
֮ޱ棬ǿܹ֮ˣܹ֮ɾͳѴԴܹ֮ı֮ˣȻ־磬ֻеĶǿ߲ſܴﵽɣǴ˵еʥ硣
һа˵Ȼ䣬֮£һƬһͨԺ֮УӰȻַ㡢СԼһλߣǻɱɵߡ
֣أ
ˣҪҵ˶˵ʹͫ׶һ
Ȼ쾹Ȼַʶ
ǵĵص㣬Ȼؼ塣
졢ַ㣡
һɱҲۣ֮漴ƺڻָʹķǳӮҺͼԸ⸶ۣҲǧʥݡ
֮һ֮ǵǿʢ壬ؼңһ弫ΪǿʢΪĿߣ֮ˣһĺؼңˣ֮һΪһϵؼҵĵλѰĹʥ廹Ҫһû㹻ı꣬ǹʥӮҺͼңҲǳֵģϾͨķǺܹ֮۵ġ

Ϻַڵأʱֻϵüͷ£·ֱ˿ӵĸо
ϣôˣַΪͣɵɻ
Ҹо˿ҡüͷ
ַɫ΢ϵǿ󾳽磬ֱڻдģַ㾲ĿϣԷΧȫ֣ȥȻȴʲôûз֡
ˣ૵һûˣľ磬˿򲻿ܲŶԡ
ַһֲϵݷǳУӮһֱҪԸӮʲôرֶҲǲܡ
ϣҪǰȥսѧԺɡַ˵սѧԺһ磬ǿƣӮңҲҰɡ
Ǽһʱ̽ңҲҵõҵĴڡҡҡͷַ㣬СŻȥһط
ַƬ̣漴ڵҲãϣʲôսѧԺҡ
ãȥɡϿ˵漴ڿն˲Ϣʧ
СţǻȥַС˸뿪ϵĸоǷʵб޻Ǻõġ
ʱӮҡҡļԼңĴʥ壬ͬʱпֲǿ̤Ϣʥݶ֪⼸ͬһʱӸʥ̤ǿкεȵλ
һǳͨɽ֮Ȼܿ죬ֱӵĸоٶȳˣɫãȻʶʲôٶȻطʱĳһ˲䣬ӵֱһγ֣һ̣֪ңܶ޷ֶˡ
С˵ӵԳɿռ磬ܹҳ׵أֻȥСˡаһʼԴѶϵַ㣬ԼսѧԺķȥ
ַ㵽սѧԺӭϣصԺ䣬ϽԼ磬ܣȻȴûϣϾȵģСźΪô꣬Ȼ㹻ϡ
Ͻַ֮󣬺ٶһοۣ֮ȴʧϵټ
֮޷һֱֻһʱ̿һΣ׷λãȻһٿȻҲˡ
ô£ͷ΢Էôӱ֮ܵͫ
֡ӮźǸǰѰǿߴѶϢʱ֮أȻ˿̣ʧ֮¡
ʧˣʲôȻ֮ۡе֮ʧüͷ壬޷⡣
ʧˣӮɫһӦǷʲôһֱƶԼλãǰеķӦսѧԺ
һսѧԺ֣ٲַ̽ԡӮź漴ٶȿַۣ֮սѧԺԼסȻȴûټʹӮǰսѧԺķȻֵ֮ͻȻ޷ҵܿǽĳҪıԣҵַ㣬ŪַĹϵַ֮󣬾Ͳ첻֡
ǱûлӦȻ֪Ǳ죬ǿҪսѧԺˣȶԸһѹ
ʥ壬ǲҴŭѧԺġ
սѧԺ֮أ쫷ȻĵӰ˵ϣĳ֣·ΧһжΪģһǿµʹ˵Ŀⲻȫϡ
ǿȺһ˳ֵɲǣͬ㣬һվûǿϢȴ˵Ķ£ֲֿԤǵʵж¡
֮ȻӰ˳ĿصĿǰˣλǰǰսѧԺ£
ػ֮˶ˣսѧԺ֮ͫ΢΢£¶𺳵ɫ
ַҼ֮ˣǰˣѧԺ½⡣˵գ˵ĽŲǰ̤ʱһɾѹʹΧ˸овػȻɫ
˻һۣ漴˸ѧԺ֮С
ַġֻһ˴˵
Σźţˡ
ΣźţɫһսѧԺΣźţֻٴеʱͷš
ַ㱻ߣʲôǵΣĽôַѧԺػ֮ˣ
˻£һɫ֮սѧԺţһƹսѧԺľӣһ̣սѧԺ˶


1981 Ĵʥѹ
һ̣սѧԺ˶̧ͷĿ¶𺳵ɫսӣʲôˣȻǧ겻ľӡ
ĴѧԺʥ꣬âҫĿ̱ȹʥ嶼Ҫ񣬶ѧԺʥ巢ʲôĦĹʥ徭ӵǰѧԺУˣѧԺΣ֮£Ѿǧδ⾯ˡ
ɫ⣬ӣ찡׷ʲôˡһЩսѧԺ¶𺳵ɫӣ߼ľӣܶսѧԺõ֪ζʲô¶ãȻɫ
ַ㣬ãȻĿգ׷ʲôѧԺһЩϵĹزǺ˽⣬Ȼһ̣սѧԺɽ֮УһɿֲϢ̼·ѧԺڣȻ䣬Ӱͬʱɽ˶˸ֱĹǿϢڵķλ
˭Ϣʱַ㶸Ȼ䷢ԼǿϢסƬ֮䣬ԶգһƿֲϢĵӰ̤ÿһ·ԽգܹƾŲƣַ̼Ͽ֮أͬϵ
ַɫ󺧣ȻϵֱȻģǿ׷٣˿ֲĴڣˡ
ַ㣡ֻһλǿһȻһʱַֻоһɿֲסܵշ·ˣƿء
˭Ҷһ֮ͬը죬ض¡¡Ŀֲѹֻ߱ͬʱַ֣Ͽ֮أĿɨǰ֮ˡ
ҡļҡӮҡңộĴʥ֮ˣͬʱսѧԺӣ߱ӰյУкϢ٣Ȼ䣬һӰΧգЩɽ֮п޵ǿߣŵ죬ͬʱ߶ѧԺ漴ҵ
һ׺쳹ѧԺʹսѧԺкݺݵĲ£Ĵʥ壬ĴʥΪ˶Ըַ㽵սѧԺǺε̣춯ء
߱棬ҵȲȡֶַ죬ɱҼǿ߼ɣ⣬ҼҼɱ常ҲòǰѧԺˣ߼¡ʥƽ˵ȻĴʥ۵ˣǱ׼˶սѧԺѹ
ַͫ΢΢£Щ˾Ȼ֪ɱ˼ɣⱾΪܵ飬α¶ġ
Ǽҵ飬⼸أ߱浭ĵ
Ӧ֪ӮҵĶԹɣַ㣬ǰԼһλŮһ𣬱λŮӣֻ죬ͻȻʧˡӮҵʥĿɨСһۣʹСɫ˲԰ףһۣ·޷ܡ
ַղμ񣬻ɱ˼ҺļҵǿߣˣȻܲ㡣ļҵʥǿ߽ŵ
Һϲ֮գַǰңıвƻҺϲ¡ʥ˵ĴʥۣɶԸַ㣬ʦַ綼޷ˡ
Щ£Ĵʥ۹߱Įڣһɨǰˣ֮ģ֪ܲ
Ҽ۶ڴУѵҲС¡
֮¡ҺӮҵʥ䵭˵ΧսѧԺǿԽԽ࣬ʹսѧԺԶ𺳣ʥݵĹʥһǸ߸ϣ˸ǣַ㣬Ĵʥ壬ûһûǵģ죬ɱ˼ǿߣɱ˼Һļҵ꣬⵨̫ˣ츳׿սѧԺԲôĴʥ壬оݣ
ЦڴʱһЦ֮Ȼǳַ֮ڣ߱Ŀַ㣬ڵַ㣬ʲô˵˵޷
һƻҺ£ңδŵң̰ΪԼʹȴ£ɣʥ۳֣֮ļҺͼɱˣҳϣЩɱģȻ֮գұѧԺҺļҵǿϮɱңѵ־ɱɣ֮ûҲҸɵģɺεݣ۾ǿߣΪҪɱΪΪ۾ǿߣȻλ֮ƭʥҷ֣ȡü䣬õһЩҪЮңҽƾͼƣΪ˱ǰң˱СˣΪɱãѵвʥģҺʶΪʶӮҾͿɱһߴߣӮҺĶԹҪϣ
ַһȫϣȻĴʥ۶սѧԺˣȻбҪϣȻǲܵģ٣Ҫû㹻ɶԼԷڡ
Һ飬ʥ˾֪Ҳͷʥ֮ǰսѧԺҪˣδ̫սѧԺļҺͼҵЯϮɱַ㣬ȴַ㷴ɱ๼˵ɣ֮ˣԸ󱲣˰֪࣬飬ӮƺҴˣҺҲʶǲҪҲ¡
߱ĮɨǰļˣַĻ˵
սѧԺдλɡҲƽ˵һֱҪͿ͡
ΪӼ仰õһɶ˼֮£ҵȽַߣúò֮̽£޹صĻǱ֤Ľͻҵʥ治ɫƽͬʥݣֱΪʥѧԺǵȻ׷ǵĿģҪѹֻҪսѧԺܲסѹȻ͵ýַ
ߣǵսѧԺǺεطˣ߱˼֡
սѧԺʥ꣬ҵȹʥԶأüǰУȻַ˶ŭԹ֮£սѧԺ̻δЩˡ
˼ǣҪˣսѧԺ͵ýӽǣ߱һ
ô˵ҼҼɸӣмˣԼļҵˣӮҵˣǰˣʥٶȿڣĮ
Ѿ˵Ǹĸĺַ޹أλԱɡ߱Ӷٶ͡
ãսѧԺҼҸѧԺӣѧԺȻѧԺзǣֻҪַַص̤սѧԺЩ£ǸĻҪѧԺҪѧԺĵӣҼңҲüҵĵϵװСҵʥĮ˵
ļҲһ
Ӯңַ㣬һϵġӮʥ
սѧԺ̻ǿˡ
Ĵʥ۷׷ױ̬ʹսѧԺǿȫͷ䣬ĴʥҪѧԺѹôô̺;ģҪֶвַ㣬ַ̤ѧԺţ


1982 ַİ
Ĵʥʥ۶뿪ˣȻȴûлȥͬ㴣սѧԺ֮⣬ʹѧԺ֮˶ܵһɿµѹ֮ĴʥۣȻפսѧԺ֮⣬ѹָУжǿ
ַȻûԤϵ־棬ԷȻܹ̽ɵСһԷȻֱ֪
УĴʥ֣λʥ۾ǿѹȶַ̣̫ͬԤˡ
ɢ˰ɡʱ߱˻֣Χ˵漴ַٲյǰַ㣬ĴʥͬʱĿĲԶΪʥȻȴǳֵĽڣĹϵϮɱɣ֪ˡ
棬½Զģǲ֪Һһʱ˵о˿ӣܻܹͬϱӲӮҵ׷ɱɡַ޷ףɻ˵
߱Ŀ˸¶˼֮⣬µȷ͸Ρ
ϼһûп˺ؼҵ߱濪ڵʹ߱ͫһͷпܣĴʥ֣Ϊʥǵȷܻؼ֮ˣңӮұҪɱ졣
˴ļҶ¶˾ģЩ鷳߱૵ʹַоһǿѹĴʥ壬ڵܹ˵ġ
ַ㣬ʱҪ뿪ѧԺĴʥ弴ʩѹҲѧԺˣԲߡַ߱һַ˵ͷҲֻˣĴʥǰ̫Сˣ΢
ĴʥʥǿǰսѧԺַϢʱʥݶһƬȻ⶯δҲ̫ˣĴʥ֡λʥ۾ǿѹȶȥκһ˶޷⣬ʥݿҲֻѧԺܹѹǰͦס
õϢֻоͷӿһεѹָУѵľǴĬº˵Ĺϵ±˴ߣ֪ȥ򣬶ĴʥҪַ㣬ȻҲζʲôַԣĩգĴʥʥǿͬʱ֣ԤĴʥľжǿңǲܻġ
վһԺ֮УĿ⳯ǰȥ¶һã֮⣬Ĵʥĳɹַ㣬ʥԣǸ޴Ĵ
˴սѧԺַ㣬Ҫˡ
ʥݵа룬֮أϵ۸ӣĴѧԺԣзâʥȴɲ⣬Ĺʥ֣սѧԺܵѹ֪ǲַ㣬Ĵʥزݣһ죬սѧԺԱǴ᲻ѡѧԺսѧԺ£˵ĻԻᵼѧԺû䡣
ĴʥԶʦҵ˽ڣһҧҪսѧԺַ㣬սѧԺͬʱĴʥսĴʥһֱսѧԺ
̨˶½ѧԺУһǷǳߣû뵽Ĵʥ޳ܣΪʥϧļ֣ʥ۾ǿڡ
ȥǰ취ַ㲻һֱѧԺȥң˭֪ĴʥԺ󻹻ʲôַȺĵӾۼһ𣬶ֵ̨ܣ׽֮ˣһãȻǶоǹʥ壬ļҡ
ĴʥսѧԺǷǳģʥݶڶˡ
үүһزһˣòǿʥݣټ죬ѧԺһӲ̡̨ǳˬĵҲû뵽ַ㾹ȻеĴ졣
սѧԺĴʥսսѧԺܵѹ̫ˡ˵ϾʥݿĴѧԺսѧԺߴһҲӴû䣬޷ԤѧԺʲô̬ȣٿԿ϶Բ֧սѧԺġ
ν⣿̨ѧԺȫַ㣬ַҪˡ
ҲѧԺҲִ°ɡ˵
ˣһХֻ֮ԶмӰ̤һڣԡӴ󣬶Աߣ⡺˸ٶȿ磬˲Ϣ䵽ߣһƬ
ˡЦǰ˵ͷĿַϣʥݵˡ
ǰʱգǻŶѾкܾûлսѧԺˣַΣ֮ʱٶȳˡ
Ԯ廯ΣǰһĿôл֮˫֮ͫУ·ԶϨ
ҪͷλǰˡַһĿϣ￴ѧԺҲкһӵеһЩѧԺе
ЩüͷŶȻ˵ֵܶǿֲĴܼޣȻĴʥ壬Щơ
ַ㡣ʱһԵ˹дǳǳЦ⣬ַ㣬Ž壬Ӧˡ
Ž壿ַɫ΢£漴ֻͷڹŽв꣬͹ŽһЩǰ죬һЩϵʥݵ飬ǴӦ˳ְǡ
̫ˣŽǷǳϵĹ壬ضǿԻʱھ˵棬伣ô꣬ŽаǣҲԸ߶ˣ»һˡ
̨ĿЩ˷ܣ硢Ž塢ټ죬ûвİҲܹ˵սѧԺĴʥս
Žȷһɿµǳô꣬ȻҪ߶ȻҪʥݶһʹ¼סŽһϵ塣ͷ˵Ž壬ضǿĹ壬ʧ̫ˣǼȻҪȻ㹻ĵ̡
ַǸϢ¶ĸмû뵽ŽԸְһ硢Ž壬ټսѧԺĴʥ壬ҲҪ˱ܰɡ


1983 ִͳԮ
սѧԺľʼսţһɳغѹֵϢʥݵĿ⡣
ΪӮҵϿͣ⼸ʱ֮ۼַĶַʼնսѧԺ֮У죬֮һֱ޷Ѱ
һգھǰսѧԺսѧԺ֮У֮۹ַ֮ط飬ǷǴսѧԺ濪ʼʧġ
սѧԺ֮⣬ʥ۾ǿ߷ΪĴλϥ֮УʹýѧԺսѧԺ޲еľÿ߹һεѹ֣֮սѧԺ·˼㣬ѹεģڣսѧԺûõĽ취
ʱԶһӰ̤Ǻ٣ֻŲֱӳѧԺ̤ȥȻʱһϵӰ赲˺ǰĵˣ
ԪŶؼˣƽ˵ԪŶʥͬΪ֮֮֮һԪŶĺؼң֮ص۾ϵǿ߶֪ģǰսѧԺȻҲ⡣
ؼսѧԺ£һĨɫ漴ƽ˵
Щ飬Ҫĵ
սѧԺͺؼûйϸ𣬲ϣ֮ѧԺʹãսѧԺ֮£Ժذɡ߰˵ʹúͫ΢£ﲢӮҵ⣬Ӯ֪Ժò֮£ϾûдӦսѧԺĦԼҪʲô赲ۣ֮ΪͻȻʧ֮¡
սѧԺѾ֪Ĵʥ붯˺ؼ֮ˣ˿̼ҪѧԺ棬ȻʣʹúͫĮһâ
սѧԺԴ󣿡ȻѧԺ֮С
ǿͣսѧԺȻӭ֮ȻԼ֮ףڻսѧԺ֮ţȴҪսѧԺЦô˷һʹúߣãˣҲѧԺҲա
͡˵˵ɫĮĺתȥ
ߵĴʥм䣬˶΢΢ͷ漴ֻսѧԺΪһӾȻ˴󶯸ɸ꣬ϧĴʥ壬ҺʥսѧԺѾˡ
ʥɫƽЦսѧԺҲ֪ȻַɱҵȹʥˣҪߡ
Զ˻аսѧԺһοµĽˡ
ҺӮҵȹʥ嶼֪˶£ɲ⣬û֪ǵеǿжôмλʥ۾ǿڣ˵һʥȻѧԺĵôĴʥɵ޷ģټʥĴѧԺ֪սѧԺŶֲѹңҲսѧԺڲҲôͳһ
ƽ˵÷ǳʹò˶˵ͷսѧԺڲҲвͬɡ
ʱɽ֮Уһ޴ޱȵΧλˣЩˣκһ߳ȥܹʥݲһΪ漶ļλδ飬ľ棬ǰļ˾ˡ
սѧԺʥô꣬ûܵ˵裬ԷĴʥΣս߱˵Ŀһֱַ㣬ս֮ˡ
Һ߱һΪս˵սѧԺʱܵӣĴʥѧԺ֮⣬ǶѧԺӡ
Ȼֻʱ治ֻụ̂յ죬ƽֻ꣬Ŀ˵ҡӮҡҡļңУҺӮҶΪϵĹʥ壬ҺļҵҲ˿ĴʥλսȻʹ죬֮أսѧԺû䣬ѧԺ˦
սѧԺټʥݵӣʥϵ䣬һֱ֮ˣ˵ַܸ㣬ɷ츳ʱҲԿ£ΪһӣǷֵá
һλ˵
ô˵ӦýѧԺĵͳȥ͸Ĵʥ崦ã߱ŭ
Ҳ˵ַ츳ͨĵӣĴʥ֮͸ˣսѧԺкĿʥݣյˡͬǿŭ⣬˵֮£
λ˵ԼĿȻռ˰֮У˵ͬΪսѧԺ棬ǱȫһģԼĦ棬Ƕ˺ͼĹϵǳǼʦ䣬ǵĵϵַ㣬߱淢أǶȻȫά
ȻλҲ߱ߣַϾսѧԺˣ츳ǿ󣬵ǣΪַ㣬ǱҪĴʥ壬ǸоһѹǲЩʥ壬һսĻ漰̫ˡ
ΣսѧԺַܽͳȥǲսǱһֱ˽ȥɡ߱ǿ˵˶ĬԣַͳֻЩ˭Ὺ˵ġ
˵Ľֳ˲ʱգĴʥսѧԺ֮⣬սѧԺҲδʲôһз·𶼸İȻȴ·Ƿ籩ǰʥݵĿ⣬ҲһֱδսѧԺƿַ֮£յ׻ΣսѧԺʲô
һգ߳սѧԺδ˵ȥ֮ʱȴַ˷ǳõϢַȴʱ׼սѧԺȥתһת
̨֮ɻ󣬲֪ţĴʥʥ۾ǿѾǵ̬ȣַ̤սѧԺĻǱȻֵģַԣѡ
һ죬ŽĽаַȡϵַͬһϢַ㣬߳սѧԺʱת
һ죬ַվٲǰפ˼ã漴תսѧԺĳ˸ȥգһˣ̤ɽ֮У


1984 
һ죬սѧԺһİѹ֣ĴʥʥǿػսѧԺ⣬·һƽûб仯ӡ
ȻҲһ죬սѧԺ֮Уַõ˴Ѷ֮վһˣĳսѧԺȥ
ַ㣬ȥ·;֮УսѧԺ֮˿ַ㣬Ŀ㶼һ̲ס΢΢£ɲսѧԺעַ㣬ʥݵ۹⣬ȫַϣַĴʥĶԹԺ־ճ
ҪȥսѧԺȥ
ѧԺе˿ַߵķ򣬸овַҪǷҪȥ
ʱַսѧԺĳ֮أ̤˳ȥʹ˵Ҳ֮¡
ַ㣬Ȼ߳սѧԺ
ʱսѧԺ⣬ַ̤һɲǣ˵Ȼ䳯һַ̣оһɿµѹԼϣȻɸ߰ͷ­ĿͬŲĺǰֱӶȥ˲ԶڰеĴʥ۾ǿߡ
ڳôҵʥǿЦһֱһ֮гһɫĴӡȻַסʹַ˷·Ĺ̶Ų·޷ƶ
ſһֻѧԺ֮УӰ̤˳Ȼλ漶߱Լ档
λҪ棿ҵʥǿ˵
ſһɿֲѹͬ籩㣬֮жȻһµ쫷磬ʹƬռͻأÿ
죬ַҪˡҵʥջӡ˵Ȼȴʱַ̤Ȼǰ߳ʹĴʥ۾ǿͫȫ£ַ㣬ʹǵ߹λսѧԺ棬ػַߣһ̤սѧԺԶȥʥݡ
·һźţĴʥ壬˰ɣַ㣬սѧԺǣ
һգҡӮҡļҡңĴʥ壬ͬʱӰǰķ򣬽Զͬһһʱ䣬֮ط·ڲ
һӹգ̧ͷգЩӰ·֮ʱо궼΢΢£ֻһѹ־֮Уǿʥ
嫵ʥݣտаƮɾʱĳӰΪŹ֣Ϊǰһ֮ˣΪλ֮磬ȻˣϢȴ˸еĲܿ£֪ʲôĴڡ
Զǵ󣬻ӰţԵıˣϢҲǳ£ͬһ㣬һ۱˸оĶ֮һǳֲĴڡ
ַ㣬
ַ㣬Ȼ߳սѧԺô˵ǺĴʥλʥ۾ǿˡ
ôĵӣַ㾹ȻսѧԺ˳ֻλѧԺǿ߻ĴʥսǱذܡ
ַУѵʲôƲɣȻʥݵ̤սѧԺһ𣬿¾ѾսУ²ҪãĴʥ忰սѧԺľھҪˡ
¿֮۷׷ףӰʼ˸ԶԶĸַ㣬ʱһɿµϢԶٶ
ˣһ죬·ռ䶼ҪѰ㣬һȻȻͻأֹʹȺܹһλɫ۵ߣƺЩͣȻȴ˿ӰǾţһ˫·ʹնڲ
졣߱濴ˣ³һĮʹԶһЩͷ΢΢£죬˾ȻǼҵＧ죬ԴӼ˳
߱棬ҼɺսѧԺַ㣬ǽǰɡؼصݣ·ԶϨ㣬ʹ˶ܹ
ķ߱浭Į˵
ټءԶһ֮ƮʹȺ֮£һӰ̤裬ǹɿ֮ţΨҶ𣬴˿òɫޱȣڷͬͫʹնҡ
ӳ߱濴ˣδ¶֮ɫȻȴʹͷ£ӳǧǰӮҵ˵ᣬȻ֪ѾǧϹˣȻ𼧵죬ӳġ
ǡӰͬʱƮһһۣһͬ㣬ǿֲʣ͸ž֮š
̩ɽ
ÿһ³ȺĶ֮һĴʥ壬ˡ
߱桢棬ǽ˰ɡӳƽ˵
ַôӣĴʥ壬˶ʥ۾ǿΪҶַĿ⿴һĿôĺ䣬ɨգ·𲻷죬أҪңҪĴʥ嵽жٵˡ
֪ˣļλѣɡ쵭˵漴һɺ嫵ɨأй£λ֡
ǰַгֵ˵˵ͷ
Ϊ׵ߵӦ漴ĿĴʥ˵Ĵʥ徹ֶԸһλλʣЦ
ֵŶúôţʥݴʲô֣ƾǣҪ赲ַ㣿ӳĿ⴩͸գȥһɿֲİԵ֮Ƭغƶ֡
ԡ
ұˡһ̣һɿֲϢƬأԶ׷ױˣּսǻصģǲǿ»ʬ޴档
߱ռһŲһ̤ս˵߱λͬӰ˸֮չһ쫷磬¡¡ţ˵忴ƺȻȴ˲ײһƽһط·¡
͡ԶʵǿӰ³Ѫɫ԰ף屬ˣҲɫ԰ףǸоʶڲ
ַѪҲݺݵ£ͷһд󺧣Щ˵ʵÿ£ײɣ·ʹع
档ӳĿ⳯ȥ漴ڿնȺ˵øԶˡ
̩ɽԼˣͷһ˶Ըǵϴһ˾㹻ˡ
ʱ滹λʥ۾ǿߣǵĽŲĳַǹѹʹַ޷
ҵҪ˭ܱ㡣ҵʥ۵Į˵漴Ӱһַ͵ץ˹ȥȻõӡַʱȴַ·ץޣȻûץַʵ壬ַǣƯ֮Уǣȴ·һ磬ĮĿ
˭ҵʥǿһ漴ǰһֻƻץȥʹαˣ


1985 ֲս
ҵʥһȣ޵͸ſֲ⣬̼佫Ƭض棬漴һӰǰ
ʥ۾ǿͫ£ص⣬ǰֵһӰгһŽ֮ˡ
ǽԶ֮ͫҲ΢΢£һЩʶ֮뵽ضǿĹ壬Ž塣
𣡡ֻǳֵĹŽǿһգ̼ǰʥ۾ǿߵĽ籩ıѣͬһ쫷㳯ŶԷɱȥһɫ·ҪԷǧС
ʥǿһȻϳ޾Űշգ͸ſֲĴ֮ⱬѣը٣֮·㲻࣬ͽըһһɢ
ͬʱַҲһλǿӰַ㲢˵·һ֮С
Ž壬ȺθɣǼʥǿߺ͹Žʥǿ߶ţʵֻ֮У˺üӰվǣ֣·ʱܶ޵а㡣
ַҹŽѡǹŽʥǿߵ˵һʹüʥɫһȻˣҵҪʥݣŽܱܲ
绹ǹŽ壬ǶͣҡӮҡǶʥݱΪϵĹ壬ʥ֮ذ
԰ɡŽʥǿĮĿڵôûг߶һЩ󱲶Ľˣɲá
Զ֮˵ĶԻһĿվǹַ㣬һλλʾ֮ˣȻ˿ֲսȫǹʥ弶Ŀ۾ľǿֵûУΨʥۣвսʸʥжûз˿µĶˣһУǴַǣ
еǿ߶ѹŹûɴΧĻ𣬷֪жܵ
߱ͼײţֻ߱Ͽ֮أһƬҰ·ĩս٣һƿµĻӰǻҰ̤ͬһԶŵż̤ȥ
һƻؼһ蹵·ظΣµıֱ֮Ҫ̤蹵Ĺ
ӡɱ߱һз·һĨâӿ˲ʧֱӲ˼֮УͬʱĽŲǰ̤ȥƵȻһ컭ꪣ֮ϻſµķ籩
͡컭أǰبǵһֲӴм䱻컭֮ٳһɫĹŵżɱȥ
΢΢ţ۾ϣԺз·ھſµսȻĽŲȴǰ̤ÿ̤һر·һ£Զŵŭ𣬳ǰշѹȥԶŵڿٹŵս̺ıʹնҪңԶĵ棬һڷݣޣͬʱسһֲĺڰѷ졣
첻֪̤˶ٲƬ񷶼Զŵȫ߱ɱȥȺ̧ͷյĴս·ǿԶŵĻ֮ս
ˣ˵廹ڲϵıˣԶߣ߱ץס˷컭ꪣһ죬һ°ղˣ
ַ㣬ĴҪˡ˵
ãȻ˷ҵҪˡ߱һеķ컭ꪴ̼䣬Բؼȫһ컭֣ꪳǬȫżɱȥգ·һƬƬضˣֲĵ£ǻ߱ûκηܹס
ϵĳ۹ǣŭֻ˫ֽӡǬ֮гһµıÿһж̺ӡǣأͻȻ仯͵ıӣ߱ķ컭ꪡ
ˣ߱Ų̤˳ȥһͬϬĽ㣬ֳַ컭ꪣ̺ϵǰɱ˹ȥһһգ˲ɱ˼ǰ
ȥƮˣͬʱһŶԷûȥǧɱؾ㶼ҪѣȻһ̵߱ǾϬĹ⻪ûκܹ赲߱ɱһձնϣٿŶȥ
ݺݵһ̤գ¡¡Ŀ±ϯأ·ռѣһµѷ˺ѳ֣˲֪ٿռ䣬ǺһƷ·̺ʥ⣬ؾݻһС
컭ꪴʥ֮ϣֲı߱ըѣʹƤ·Ҫѵͬʱ³һѪ屬ˡ
ܾˡ
ȺͫգŭɱɨԼأ·Զɢ㣬بĲʥܹ֮㡣
˵𣬷֮漶ǿײε𺳡
ɫƳպһƣʱֱĮ˵߱Ĵʥսġ
Σַ㣬ұˣ˭ܴߡ߱Ųɳǰ̤ȥз컭֣·ûܹ赲סǰеĲ
ӳսͬӵ֮Ѿսһλ˷Բأû˸ҿߵսַֻһλʻսм䣬һλǿĹŽǿػˣ۾ǿ߶óȻ̤ս棬ֺǳе
Ĵʥ壬ɲǿߵ̤κβǰЩˣΨٵʥ۾֮ˣһӰ̤ʱоʥĵ̣Ҫڽ챩¶ô̫ˡ
Ǽǰʥǿߣڵ伮ʹ˵УȻš˾ʹľ̤ʾǿߣӵǧʱ⣬겻̤֮ʮ궼ᵽޣʥۣǲ˻߲Ĩɱ֪ܻôϣһЩĹʥһЩϹµ
ԶգսѧԺ⼸￴ǰһĻҲ˾޴Ĳû뵽Ϊһַ㣬Ȼ˿µĲĴʥ塢硢Ž塢λѧԺ濪սһսǣһȫ˭²̨ˣЩϼ岻׷սԭһֲֿսǣ̫ˣһһشԪˣܱһЩϵļ峬ԽһЩʥԣһЩŵĲҰҲ޲ɴսģԼûԤϵݻ


1986 ̾
ʱ˵Ŀһսȥ̩ɽŭˣֻļǨɫ䣬յкƳܹѹصǳǳ¸棬ļǨ
̩ɽ궼ʹóˡͷһǳ磬һط·ͻȻ䰵Ψǳ⻪ͷųҫ۵Ĺ⻪ֱһſſֲǳͬǰ㴹£ϴɱȥÿһǳͬһҫ̩ۡɽҪأǿնҪ
ϴɫĬ侲Ŀ·͸գϣһɿֲĺڰ֮ȼһԡķ񣬻졣
𡭡һֲأҡ˹Ž
͡˾ڰ֮⣬޷һ𵴵³Ѫڸ·𶼱Ǳ̩ɽҪصǳѣ޾ľʯƬ
޵磬ͻȻ両һԶŵˣ·ٻЩ˳֣̼佫ضȼ漴ȫ˻֮⻪̩ɽɱ˹ȥÿһͷ˶ܹȼһƬ磬Ҳܷһ硣
ƬҹգͻȻֻʣǳѤĻ棬˸оһΨԶ֮ս
ǳˣ潫ضΪޣǳ֮·Ҫɻ浱һȼϴǰ̤ÿһΪ֮Ŷ磬κԼҫȻҲſµʵ
̩͡ɽ³һѪ·ȼսˣںϴĽ浱УȻơ
ǹʥѹһʾĺ󱲣Ҳܹɱ㲻ҪˣЩʥĺ˲߶һɸɾϴ󱳸ԶŵķӰȺ顣
Ǿ𣬴Ӵ˴֮ʧ̩ɽ˵ֻԶⱬϴһȻתſһ£ʱأֻһӰ֮УȻϴɱ˹϶Ż֮⣬˫·˵ͫףԵ㡣
ϴ󱬺һһƳǰĴһӡգȻԷ˿壬ͬһ˹ݼŵѪ뵽ϴ֮УʹϴˣһԼƣһźɫɷֱ۶кɫɷ
˸ϲġһͬݹǣǿҪ˰㣬µţȻȴû˷绪ķˣһѾֻ̤˹ײĵľǿ
ϴֱȼ˿µĻ棬ǺɫɷĨֱϵӶΪޣϵϢøӵĿ
Ĵʥ廹ǿ߽֪սѧԺλԼŽ壬ܷ񱣵סַ㡣Ⱥаľѣʱʥ۾ǿַ̤߳˹ȥĿ͸ű֮ϢȻѾսʲô˼ˣҪַ£ζԵһǧδеս
ˣλʥͬʱַ̤ȴǹŽɫĮϣֲĽ⻯ɫأ춼Ҫ֣漴ֻһʱַ徹⽥ɢ·ʧһ
ŽȻƿؽ
΢漴ֻ̤Ȼ䣬Լ徹ȻҲ֮Уޣ·̤Լ㡣
ţ̤ӰˣȻڴ˿̣һƿֲĽ쫷ɨһˣ̼Ҳ֮Уɫɵ΢΢£ӡպɱȥȻȴ彥ĳ뵽޵Уûټ
һ磡һ屬ˣɫӲǹŽȻѾԼĽ磬˴Ľ棬ⱻߵʵ޷ʤ»ڶԷĽܵش
˹ŽǿߵĽУ޷ҵõԷһҪ˺ϻһ˸ܡ
ȺаصĹŽ壬еĽ˶ɵǣоԵʵǺΣգ֪ԷĽлܻܲ߳
ãƬձѣ磬ضɫֻӰ֣ȻǹŽߺͱֵʥ۳ˣ˿ӮҵʥϢԡѪɫ԰ֽҲͬϢȻڸղžһֲĴս
ĽѾҹƣʱ޷پ۳һ磬ַ¡
Ӯҵǿ³һȻ䣬ٶ³һѪɼܴ֮
ַӰҲ˹Žɱ⻷ƣ˫侲ͫ׶еĴսЩʥǿӰһԺ֮УȻͬмΪֵЩǰôඥǿԸⱣ˴սܲм
Ĵʥǿ߽٣ȥսֲַаһּսֵܹˣ˵սȻȴֻΪ͡
ַ㡣ʱһա
ַ㡣һӦ֮ʱкüӰַ̤ȥֲϢʹնΪ̡֮
Ĵʥ۾ǿߣַˡаĴʥʥ۾ǿռƣϾʥݣսѧԺ֮⣬ŽԼΪߡ
ߡϴַɨһۣȻȴôַ㡣
ˣһʥ۾ǿַ̤ȥֲϢϯأַܻƵⶼڶҡ
Ȼڴ˿̣յУһɿֲǼλʥ۾ǿ̧ͷֻյУɫ֮֮âʹ˵۾һɿֲѹ£ʹǼλʥǿͬʱ̧ͷȥɫ㶼΢΢¡
ÿµѹ⼸ͷ΢΢һ漴ֻɫĥ֮УһԵӰ̤£һ̣Ƭշ·ֻʣһˡ


1987 նʥ
ֵˣ
Զգ˶̧ͷȥԵ͸ſµ֮Ȼȴͷңƽ۾ڵסˣϻϵŸ޴ľƺ«һͷУʱھź«͵ĳԼйһھƣ졣
ʹ졣˰㣬³һ漴ɨһΧգ˵ôϼһ۸һСӡ
˵ţԹ˵һھƣ졣
Ǻˣֻҵһλʥ̧ͷʵͻȻֵɲ⣬޷ϸ֪Ǻηﵽˣƺǰַġ
ƺԽԽȤˣһµǿߣʥ۶ɵ֪ǲ漶ĴڡȺаһⳡսб
ʥ߽ԼįΩоܰǧš˽ʥ۾ǿߵʻӵȻûΧһǿӰ
ַĿ⳯ȥͷ΢Ŀз֮⣬ʥ͡ʥߣ˿еʥߣʥ
˵ط֮أ»طɡǼʥ۾ٶȵһ͸ż⣬Ȼֻ˦ͷͷ¶һ˫͸յͫЦҺȾΪҪطϼ
ʥ۾ǿɫ΢£֮ͫº⣬޷ԷĵϸȻȥɲС
ֻŲһ̤͵һʱһͷֲնҪ
ˣһɿµѹȻ䳯¿ֻеµĹʣſ͵һ£ʱһھ˳¡µĻ̼佫֣Ǽֱ֮ӽΪޡ
ٳԡ˿³һ͸һĨԵ֮⣬·ɣ˫ͨȴſµ⣬˿һ۱޷˫ͫ
һھƾ𡣡Ⱥɫ΢£𺳣˿漶Ĵڡ
Ǽǿ߱˺ǳ⣬ɫ޹⣬ʥ۾ǿߣܻλʥǿߣȴ˲̫ˡ
͸޹أ뿪Ȼ֡
⼧ʥۿ˵һѾһʾȥⲻ֪ϸǿߣʥݸƺûһ˴ڡ
Ҳٶһһַָָ㣬Ե˵ʹȺͫ΢΢£Щʥ۾ǿɫâһߵºòĿַ㣬ҪģǺˣ޷赲ڣȰ»ȥĺá
۸ǺˣʥĴʥ飬ֲˡ
һ׷Щʥʥ۾ǿ˭࣬ʥ۾ǿߣѾ۷壬֮ϣǸ߸ϵʥˣּǿ߶Ǽ亱ģʥ۷漶Ѿ˵վ۷塣
Щʥ壬ǺεȵĴڣ˴ε̾һʥǿأܱһ塣
еǿĿɨһΧأٶȽϵľƺ𣬹͵ĹһҾƣЦ˭ԡ

òˡ
Ҫ
ֻǼʥ۽ŲȻ䳯ַ̤ȥˣеһɿµĲΣͬ˰ɨأÿһ̤һɿֲ͵˳ֻһץʱַϵ֡
ȻȴеǿڴڵĺȾƣ·ûйϵ㡣
ʱǿߵĿⶸȻ䳯Ǽʥȥſ죬³һھͣˮȻ仯һµɱÿһξƶͬâ㣬̵նŭХ֮
𣡡Ǽʥǿʱƹһͷˡ
ξƴеǿߵһŲȻ̤˳һεξƽ͸˱ɳǼҵʥɱȥʹʥǿĿ⽩Ӳɫ£Ƶ

ٺһͨ·Ƭһɹ֮⣬ֻһھˮ³ɫĹ⻪ҫգ·һضס

ʲô漶𣿡
Ⱥһ֮⣬˺ǿξƴһھ³޾⣬͸˵⣬ڶھ³һɫΣܻͬһǳһض档
ڴʱǿٶ˵ھƣһΣÿһξƶһ⣬֮շ͵죬·Ҫ㡣
ַսĲԶܹĿ˵Ľ棬˵ǿ߽Ų̤¿ºԣξɱУ·Ѿ
Ǽҵʥ۾ǿһշأչ··ߵڳԹ˱ܡ
ɱǿ߱һ·ԶŵļȭâɱһȭţǧȭӰʹղϵǰﶼҪ
Ҹ߹㲻Ҫ
еǿߵ˵Ųɳǰعſ¾ƣһƬ˺·ĹĻȭâ·ôǰɿ˺ϣһ֮ҫ趯ȻɽҪΰǳҪҫĿʥ۵ĵں
ʲôأҵһλ漶ǿ߾һͻȻ¶˾ɫ
ӵӮҵǿֻоͷʲôס˰㣬Ŀ⽩Ӳ·Ǹʲô
һ̣еսȫͣ˵ĿⶼƬ˹ȥ
ľˡ
ԶȺֻоԼ඼Ҫֹͣһ̣Ǽҵʥﶼ·ͬСӰ㣬Ūڹ֮УԷƣƣ·Ҫɱ֮С
ǣǹŽǿҲɫӲĿսѾθǹŽŹʵʱôδô˴νַĻᣬ˲ҪŽĴڣȻû뵽һ
ʥ۲۷壬ʥ֮ϻǿߣʥʥףǳǧ֮⣬ѾԽǻǣµĹ
Ⱥ૵ǰս壬
¶ǣǳαأ
ǿߵ·Զŵ̾ϢΪǼҵʥ۶̾ϢĻ£һſ貶Ŀǳӡ£ǳԱɽأ޾ǳ֮У죬ͬľߡ
ǹལʥۣ
Ⱥ޷ݣʥݣʱֹǿĿ´ڣѴ֮⣬ӵ


1988 ʥ
÷˭ʱ˵ͷֻһͷǿߣǺε˿µ
ַԼ֪ǺľʥǰҲͬƣмһˣ̸Цɱ˿衣
ʱҵλҵʥۣɽء̫ⶼҫ۵ǳӡϵĴ£֮·بŵĴڣǿգǳ𣬼ɢϵĺҶ¡
𡭡ʥ۾ǿƷһĵŭҪԱɱȥ
ȻʱеĿһھƣ漴¶ʱƻӣûأ·ߡ
ʥǿ߻֣ȻȴԼնǳӣ޷ֻܻһȥȴǿһھƣƻ׵·ǺɫģĲѹ
һҵĽʥǿ߱һ׵Уֱ۷·ҪҪ㣬ȴһŴµǳӡУʱֻо·ѹϣ³һѪɫѾҰֽΪʥӵȻоԼ˵Ĵ
ãҵǿ߽Զɫ䣬Ҫ̤ȥӪȣȻȴķ֣Ǿȵּǿߣӵ취ޱǿͨɸû֮أ֮޷κε˶ԷֺˣһսʱѾһµʵˣĳʥ۵ķ롣
һǳǼǿߵӡʱȺҲ֮¡
һգĴʥΧַ㡣
һգַ̤սѧԺѧԺ桢Ŷ硢Ž壬Ĵʥս
һգĴʥ̾ʮλʥǿݣɱַ֮ˣַ㡣
һգѣսǧδС
һգʥ䣡
껹⣡ҵǿ߿ʥɣͷݺݵһоһ׶ĵʹ࣬ʥ۾ǿߣʥݵ۷һʥ۾ǿ߿Կһʥ壬ֹϵĹʥԣ۷Ķ٣ҲʥǿߵĶ٣ǵĵλǵĵ̡
һλɳ۷ʥǿߣǼػߣûʥۣʥ岻ܳΪʥ壬ͨĹ塣
Ȼʱңһλʥۣʥ֮˵棬˺ɱ䡣
Ⱥ³ɫ¶֮⣬ڽʥʵԭվ۷徳ǿߣҲͬᱻĨɱɣЩϹˣΪΧַ
ֳǾ޴ģĴʥǿǿĳԹŽǿߺ˶һЩŽǿ߿ͬΪʥ۾ﱻĨɱûип
Ȼǻɱʥ۵ľƺûʶһô䶯Ĵ£ֻٶȾƺ«͵ĹһҾƣ죬˿
Ǻþơ
˵˵Ŀ⿴һ֮ˣƽ˵Ȱ㲻Ҫˣƫƫвףұɱ㣬ȻȻǶҵĻֻɱӺˣ˭Ҫģڿվ˵˵
ռžˣȺʥ۵Ĵڣվ˵һ˵ĿֻǾƹԽʥ۵Ĵڡ
ڣֻ߳ԷǰûзŭԷɱҵһλʥ֮ˣеǿ΢΢Ƿңǰ
˶ףΪʥļңûԣٷŭҲұ¶⣬ֻѹУһùġ
Ҫ𣿡֮˵һЦ⣬ǿһɱ޾Ǳ˸ɱҲ˳Խ
ҡ˵
˵ΣҲʥǿߣûУ˵Į
̧ͷգǰʵұ磬ȻԻὫ֮£ӵܷܽǰҪԸңҲ޻ԡ
˵һʵҪұǣǾǣ֮㼧ܸҵ˺⣬ƺ«һھƣŶһƹʮϷˡ
ŶһƹʮϷˡɫһͣ漴̧ͷˣĿ˸âǰŶʮɣ
ɣƹѡʮɵһЦȺͷݣԭѹʵ˿£ǰӾ֮ȷѪ꣬񣬸ͻʥ۵ΪԽʥ۵Ĵڡ
ʮɣַһŶŹ֣û뵽
ŽǿĿ˸ʮǵȻҲ֪û뵽ѾͻʥʮҪһ壬󣬱㽫ΪֲĴڣΪһˣʥ֮ϵĴڡ
סˡ쵭˵
Ӯҡļҡ֮ˣһնǳĬԣԳԽʥ۵ǿߣʲô
սܺǼҵʥ۾ǿһɵԷɱ
ǵĿ׷׳ַȥ̾һû뵽ĴʥҪַ㣬ȴʧܶգʮһˣԸıһУǾǿߵϡ
ַ硢Ž塢սѧԺʮҲΪ֣˭ܶ
ǼססңҶҪȣüסұ㲻ôˡʮ³һɨˣ˵ƽǲһİ˭û˸ΥĻְǲǿʵĻϣеһ
һַӡǣйʥ۾ݶԸ㲻ҪҲˡ
أѵҵҲɱɣ
Ƶ۾֮ˣ£˭ƱְɣȻƵֻʾǹʥ޷ԸһˣǱǵܡʮƽ˵
ô˵ҹʥ֮Ҳˣ
ʮЦԣɱǵʵгһ̤˴۾磬ǿԳ۾ǿ߶Ըʥ۲
ַͷ鴤ʮҪҲôﵽװɣȻôݣ̤ۣԷɳǿߣ̫ˡ
ϣǰŵƽ˵Ĵʥ壬ﲻַ㣬ַȻսǿȻվֻλĴʥʾţëòַ㣬ȷܡ
ʮɵ˼Բ͸һΪᱣַ㣬ùʥ岻ٶֺԶ˵˵
Ļʲô壬ַǰʮ˵ǶַһֱͬҲǸ޴ѹλʣʥʳԸһ۾ʥֿɴۺһԸһַϾǱŴɽһʮɿˣַ֪ʲôϵ
Ⱥ۷׷ףʮɵ⣬ַ㣬Ҳɡ


1989 Ļ
ģʳǡʮɻӦĻ漴ĮĻ֣߰ɣƹȾơ
ǡҲϻת̤նȥ̼䣬ǿһ¶ʵɫ뿪Ƭգ֮£ݲĴʥ֣ȴδַ㣬һλʥǿɣ֮£Ҫʥصһʡ
Ӯҡҡļңǿ޾ڣȻ˿ȴįȥֻԣƬʱ䣬ǿ߱ȫӰ٣ֻĿĵķ֮أܹ˵չ˶ôս
ַĿ⿴еһǿӰλ΢΢ַѲлλǰ˶
ʮɵĿ⿴ַ㣬һĨЦݣ˵Ϊʮʣ
ǵǰַ˵ͷĿ⿴ʮɣƲߣȴǵȿµʵ
Ѿͷ˵飬λʾ磬ǿʵʰǰϯλܿɹ󣬶ҲǶ޲ڡʮƽڣʹַɫ΢ͣѾͷʮɺĹϵͬһ㡣
ѾͷʮĿ⳯ŲԶȥֻ˸ߣʮɵʦ𡣡
ʦ𣡡ַĿһĿһۣʮԼˣһֱ֪ʷǷһʮ֮Գַû뵽и˿µʦ
ͷҴӦˣѧԺ𣿡ʮɶʵ
￴һļλַֿһۣ漴ʮɵԸʦȥ
ҲãҴĴ߶߶ʮɵ˵ͷ漴ϴ󣬵Ҵˣûɡ
ȥ߰ɡϴԲܾͷӦ
ʮɵ˵ͷ漴ַ㣬СһŬлҲټ
˵գֻӿһĨ⻪ַϣʱһϴַַһĨӡǣһЩʥ֮˱㲻ˡ
ʥ߽ԼΨưиѾͷ飬ͷҲ̫µʮͷһ漴̤ȥ
ллַﺰֻתַ¶һĨЦ⣬öȻЦݺܿʧӰʮɵٶ̫ˣһһգת˲ûټ
־أӰȥ٣ƽضԼɡа˵ʥ֮ƽձټοʮǳԽʥ۵Ĵڡ
ˡȺа̾ǳԽʥ۵Ĵڣ뿪ˣ񣬹ʥ岻Ҵַˡ
ϴַߣЦַ㣬Ŷ㻹޷ɻʣȴɾʥݻʰϯλ·ߵøԶҲгһգܹʶʮϷǾҲ˵Ŭ
ף˴ͷǰˣŶǰæַ΢Ц
ЩС¶ѣʥݵĹʥʵΪʥǿȡᣬĴʥ֣ʥˣֶ湻ӡ͸Ųм֮⣬ˣʱپۡ
˵գλҲ뿪ߣȥֻǲԼ⡺úҲûдߣЩСһɳҲַߣǿַɳĲҲǶһּҪϡ
аʱ򣬹Žһλ߳аһаŲ̤漴ֻǹŽ߶аǺַͬһǰȥŶģַʰΪҹŽ壬ҪúŬˡ
аס
а΢΢ͷŽҲ֪аٶʵַٶЩֲˣ˿ЩɣĽ֮ѩģǰСһַģϾַٶȱҪһսѾλ۷塣
֪ãҹŽ壬ֻԻ֮ͣˣлʮһεģҪʧĳа
һаĵͷʮɵʵĳһǿңǲν߷αߣͬʮɰ㣬£ʥۺͨûʲô𣬳Ѵ֮⣬̸ЦƼɱʥ
ŽҲ뿪ˣһ׵ĴսڸգȺȴЩδ֮УƺҪһ˺䶯ս
¿Ѿȥһ籩ҪƽϢΣȻƽôֻһ籩Ŀʼ
ַ㣬ѧԺ𣿡ַ̤߱һǰ꣬Ҳû뵽ַ˴硢Ž塢ʮɰ˷ԮȻ츳սѧԺϧҲĶ̵ָġ
˿߱Լаǣַû£򶨺ûꡣ
Ȼȴַ΢΢ҡҡͷѧԺȻڣ
кδ㣿߱һַ㲻Ϊ¶սѧԺٰɣϾսѧԺδȫֻ˳档
ʥĴʥ壬ҡӮҡԼļңΪ˶ϵʥϧʥǿߣҪܣʥ֮ˣֻ׸λְæҵð˷Ԯַƽ£ǣĴʥңַܰˡ
ַƽ֮͸һĨ֮⣬λַ֮㲻Ļǣ£ûꡣ
߱ɫһ漴ֻ߱ʵַ㣬ʲô
ȥҡַ㵭˵λѧԺɣ۾Ҫ˭ɱҡ
üһȺͫ΢΢£ַ㣬ȻҪȥֹӣһλʵҪȥһʥ塣
֮߱Ҳâַ㣬漴ڵַ㣬˵ʰȻʥеʵҲǷ֮ҲֹȥǧСġ
סַͷλȥˡ
˵գŷַ֣̤Ϲŷżҵķȥʹ¿յҲͷ΢¡
ߣȥҿַ㵽Ҫʲô
û뵽ַ˵󣬿»ûꡣ
аһӰ˸ַĽŲһŹʥ弧ҵķУ


1990 ɱ
ңʱվ֮УĿ⿴¿գֻ嫵ļңһӵ̧ͷա
ҹʥ弧ңһλʥ䣬Ҫǽ֮ܡ컺˵ضѹֵ
Ƕ֪ʥ壬ǼִµĹʥ壬ʥݣҲΪĴڣֻˣȻգȴ裬ʥ۱ǺԭǸΪЩʥ֮ϵľڣֻһˣ׽ѹ޷ϢеǾߵϣδǼңҲּǿ߳֡
ѪߣʥݶѰһˣʮֻһ˽٣ùʥ飬ϵĴڡ
Ļұ㲻ԣסնҼҶԵ塣ٶȿڣ漴Ųһ̤ʧ¿˵֮Уʥ֮գ
һУΪһλʾ֮ˣַ㡣
ַ輧ң˴Ϲ˼ǵ˫ۣڼ֮ƣ֮Ʋɱˣɱ˼ҵۼɣһλʥַ䣬˵ȳޣν죬ȻңȴַܶΣΪԷʮɵĻţ۾֮ˣַ֡
һɰ֮Уְ棬ŵѹָУ˷ܽѹָС
Ҳʱ򣬼֮⣬һӰǰΡ׳۵Ĺʥ壬ΨĮ֮⡣
վڼҵĽǶȶԣǶַ֮ǣַ˼Ҽ裬ȻվַĽǶأ̨ɵвʥǰȥ̤սѧԺ벽Ĵʥ֣λʵԣңһبǵľɽѹ޷Ϣ
ң̫˵ȳޣ޻֮ˡ
֮⣬Ӱ߶ǿַɲǣ㶼ͫ΢΢
ַ㣡λʾļǿߴ̤Ŀ䣬Ǻâ·Ҫַǧа㣬Ȼҡ
ַ㣬㾹̤Ҽ֮ءһλʵǿַָ㣬ŭ˸Ǵˣҳ˽֮ܣʥ䡣
ַĿ⳯һۣ˫Ψ֮⣬ڵͫʹ˵֮ͷ΢΢£оһĲ
ˣ
ַֻӰ磬֮гһӰֱǼȥٶͬѸ͡
ͬʱַ֮Уͷųһޱȵ֮⡣
λǿ߲ҽһֻоԺʹ֮͸ͫף֮УǿµӡҪ
ַҲǰֲһȭƿյķ̶Х˶ԷԴϣַεǿһȭɱԷԴըѣҲӡĨ漴ʣµİӳżҷ˳ȥΪѪȣʹҵƺǰʲô
ַ㣬ڼɱˣ
ţһʾǿߣһˣɱҶ˵ȥ˻ÿЦΪ˷ˣȻȷʵʵַ㣬һĳ
ˣַ̤ĽŲʹǵҲ֮һ˫֮ͫ·Ҫǵ
֮Уһɹɿµֱ֮ӹᴩǵǵ֮Уʹǵɫ˲仯ɫû˰Ѫ֮ͬһ
ڴ˿̣˽ʱǲʶûΣһУģַ㣬ңҪɱˡ
ɥӷ·ǵԺ죬ʹƺҪֿԼƺҪΪԼʵϣǵȷѾ޽ӽӡ֮УҲ޷ֿǿԵȥ
䣡
һɱҸ֮ۡ˷Σһ˸
ַ㣬

һű֮ɱϯͬʱԶȥǿ߷׷̤˳ǵڵϵλǿӰɫȫüΪѿ
ַ㣬ǰɱˡ
Щ֮ΪΪʾ磬κһʥ壬ʾ֮˶ģԽϣԽ٣ңʾ֮ʱǴ໹ڼ֮УԶȥҲȹһ¾磬˴֮ĴΪǰΪ۾ǿߡ
ַĿһɨˣɨÿһ˶оһ֮Լʹаַڻʰʵ֮Ѿ֤ʱ򣬵ǿ󣬶ʾһƿص֮˲࣬ûжַܹ㿹ġ
֮УнŭХĽ⣬˶о޾֮˷ɱʹɫ㶼һԶͷԼ˶ΪͼڣԺ֮֮ػ꣬ϵɱͬĺ˰͵ĳַХȥ
ɱһ̼֮޾ĹַշѹȥĹŵŭХʹƬնÿ
ˣַֻĽŲݺݵļ̤أ̼سȥЩǿ߶оԼһɳصѹͬʱַֻƳǰһһӡ֣¡¡ı֮ϣ޾ȫһӡ֣
ַ̤գŲ֮ºһ貵Ľɫƹ֣ʹӰ̼ԭʧڼǿǰһӣӣĺ֮ͬȪ¿ûȥЩǿ峯ˣַĵ׽Ĩɱ
ַ㱬һ·ħ͸˵Ժ֣֮ͬʱҲӿ޾⣬ŭɱؼ·ȫ֮
ˣڣַ֪֮ʵܹ⣬ʵൽһ̶ȣ޷ֲġ
Ȼ˵Ŀ죬ַٶȴ˿պͷ֮ʹһ˲Щǰֱ֮ͫӴ͸һ˵꣬ɱͬʱƺһӡǵı֮Ǽɡ
Զ֮Уһı֮µĵַ㣬Ȼַ·ûио㣬ٶȻӶٽɱ޾һӰ͸Ժ䣬ҽ
ַּ̤һǰͫ׶ŶԷ⴩͸ԷԺĨԷֻ꣬Ƕݵɲǣĵϣһ߾ʬ壬ʱǴ۾ǿߵˣַֻƽ̧ͷĵҶң
˵ƸҪĳȻַǵĮӲĽջأһַԲԶ¡¡Ŀ֮ըѣַֻ㣬ŭַ㣬÷
ҷĴʥʥǿפսѧԺ⣬ʱ˭ڷַĮޱȣöϵĳۣǹ֮⣬


1991 
ҵĴӰվǣһӹм˳ԣһ۵ϵʬоû̫Ĳ
ҺȻɱҡֻһλĿ⿴ַ㣬м֮⣬գĴʥ֣ŸҼսѧԺսѧԺѹĴʥкεȵƣԲöԡ
ǣַ㣬һλʣʵǿս죬ɱòַ㣬
ַŶԷĻɫûа㲨˫ͫڣƽ˵Ĵʥ彫ҵʳҾλѹսѧԺַֻλʾ磬Ҳܹʥѹȶûа̬š
ãʮҲ޻˵ˡǴ۵˵漴ͬʱ̤صҡ
ַڼ֮⣬ϥǳİ
ȺĿַ⳯Į͸ɱȻȴ·ûп㡣
һ֮У·֮Ŀ˸£漴΢΢̧³һ֣ɱ
ǵĿıΪʥȻʮɻڣǻַʥȻףôֻУɱ֮
ʱҵİһα嫵ļҸۡǸСʾǿһͻȻ䱻һɱסգַ㡣
һʱ֮󣬼ҵһ̨ϣȺӿλʾǿ߻Զλʾ֮ˣ⻹һ֣Щλһʥ֮󣬸ϵӵܷ꣬ȫۼһ𣬿˵һҲΪΪĺ󱲲ϵĳɳüҲϲ㣬һɸѡ̭һƥ۾۾յʥ֮
ȻҪߴʥۣѾ޼ˡ
ǣ֪ԼҪʲô𣿡ֻʱԪվ֮УҺ
ַ㣡һĮ֮صڿգһɹɿµɱ·۳һɷ籩ҡϣͬʵʰ㡣
ԣַ㣬ȻҪסⲢʲô֮£ǳ裬ùʥ壬ɱſڣҪôȥɱⲻǳʲôԪأȺԶԣȷǳ裬ɱһλʾңڶ
ҼҼ裬ǵģڣȥַѪȥ֮ܡԪǹɱǿ
ɱ
һȣض֮һ¡¡Ĺ촫ڿգż֮˸ȥֲɱֱ֣εѹ֮üҵȺһ֮ͬУ裬ǣգַѪ졣
֮⣬ַϥȻڴ˿̣һɿֲɷԶؼ·һɿµη籩ɷ籩֮ͬ㣬ѹֵƬնûаһƬ
ˣַ΢΢£漴³˿˫֮ͫûвͬ߱治ĵѣȻҲʥĵж£ȻЩ£ǸģվҪûдۣ˭ЩʣܲҪ
ˣԶ֮һĲǶַһģ׼ǰⳡսַǿƼټɱ˶񣬼ɱˡ
ÿµɷǴ۶ҪĲɡ
ǹʥ壬ڶ̶̵һʱ˶λǿԶϢȣɱѪǳǿ󡣡
ңŭˣϧȺɱķʽҪַ㣬һΣǲҪʥҪַ
ǿߣԶ岻Ŀʼȴֻ̫ǹɷǸо䣬˵Ƭ֮Ĵսַȷʵ񣬵ǹƥɱʥ壬˼ң뽵Ҫ֮
ʽټ֮ʱƬ嫵Ŀռ䶼·ɽѹţޱȿµĳ֮⣬ַֻоϱһɽһıôͦΣ֮ЩȺһһɨ
ֻλ۾ǿ̤վϿ֮أĿ⿴ַ㣬ַ㣬ʮ˵۾ö֣ҼұΣȴû뵽ɱҼҵӣȻˣҼնˣ˹á
㲻صʮɻᱨǰ˵ȻڼУԹȻʲɱңҵҪ㼧ҹʥ֮ˣкĿʥ߶ַ᲻׶Է˼ҪԼȴֵʮɱ㽫ǰ档
㻹Ǵ֮Цν۾ҼԶ۱䷶֮ڣʮɻްΥʹõ۱ôˣգûܾȵ㡣
£ǵ建ڿգֻͣգͿַ䣬Լ
ˣַΧȻ˷籩ϵĽ֯·ҪܻûԹ˶ʾӹɣ˶ܹĻǽǳµġ
ɱ֮У֮£һ̣ɱ֮ɨء
ɱ
ɱɱɱŭǹɿֲ۳һɱϢؼһɿµ˼µݺݵײַϣʹ͵ĺˣֻоؿھʹƺһ
ɱԶ˶Ĥ֮ɱֹʹؿھʹɫ԰ף·Ҫɱ㡣
ţһأգһͼ֮ҫĿ֮⣬ǼҵĴ꣬ҵĺﶼǴߵ۾ѪΪѪʥ˶ᵽ˵۾ſ֦ɢҶǴеѪԼ궼ǳʲôƫ˼ҵˣͼڡ
ؼ䶸Ȼһͷ׳Ӱַŭַ屬ˣȻɱÿȳѪ֮ϢĿôļִ͡ţ˵ĽŲٶǰ̤ȥ
еĴ۾ЦԶҲо඼Ҫַֹͣ㣬̫ˣôɱ۶ɵǳֲģǱбˣˡ
ʱַϣħ죬󣬷·һħӰأη壬ûκ˱ܣħħصҪ㣬ֲħЮַ˷·𶼻֮ɫħֱ񷣬ͶԷǹɿֲѹҪԡ
ɫĮһضɨգ֣أǬ
𣡡ַħ·Ҳͷŭơħơ
ˣһɹɿֲַŰҪݻǿµħ⣬ʹħ˺ѣ·ιĽŲٶȺˣȻһΣַʮױֹ¶һĨѪħⲻַٶ̤Ⱥ࣬ؼ·һɿµħ֣


1992 ħٳ
ǿħ֮־ֻ˶ѡԶɫ̣ǿ۶ɵƾǿֲģַ㼸ȱѹȵѪɼ֡
ַħٲħԵ֮ħħ٣塢꣬ħ֮־Ψǿѹ֮ħʹħƻۣħ١
ͫĮռַծɱ֮裬۰ٻ֮ܲɱ
Хһ֮һ̣ǽŲͬʱǰ̤Х֮ûأֲʹƬն޾ַ߱ɱӰΣȻȴݺݵײַϣʹַǶҪѡѪҪ궼Ҫ
һħХħҡϣֱַٶȱײ˳ȥȻ֮ϣȴпֲħѹ۶̼䣬Ƭն˺ڰ֮ɫħٹҫ·Ҫݻذ㡣
ô£
ħ٣ͻˣַħܹħʹǿ󲻸ࡣ
ͷ΢Ҳɫһַ㣬ǵѹԼʹԼͻƼޣħ١
񷣬ǧٹڱգʹЩҵǿаַֻҡϣڿն׼ڴս֮ǰӭӽٵħ֮٣ַϣµħ⼫ȵķԡħе޾ħ֮ϴ
ɱֻмλǿַ߳㷢ȻַֻЦһһӣ̼ħʱǱ߷죬ؼħ֮·Ҫȥ÷顣
ɡ΢΢ͷַ㿴񷣬һ죬һħᴩգɱַϣһַֻоԼ궼ڲ̲סƺ£ɫ΢żֲ԰֮⡣
һħٱ˫ضͻַħ̧ͫͷ졣
ʹ죡һַϵħ۹죬Ѿħ棬ͬһħͷһλʾĵߴħ٣ӵһٿʼ˫غⲻûַеɥΪʹ죬ܹͬʱ꣬ɳٴʹַҲںֻҪǿ
ʹ죿ħ֮°ɡһҵǿЦ漴ͬʱ̤һɿ֮ѹڳħַĶȥһĻַɫһͣ漴ЦãȻôһħ֮
һַŲ̤˳ȥл۵ħټַ徹Ȼʧŭ֮ħ·øӵĿ޾ħ·ʱͬʱ
ͬʱһںһ𣬻һԶףأ񷶼Ҫֱַȥͬͨ۶ɣεȿ£¼Ǵ۾ǿ⹥û
ַŲȻһ̤գ̼֣屻ͬɫķʧԭأԶŵŭ£·ҪգȻʱַȴ˼ǿߵϿ֮أŭħŭХһƬض·񱩵ħ⺣Х֮УҪ
ɫ䣬Ǹоħַ㣬ǡ
ɱһŭһϿյַɱ˹ȥȻҲͬʱħŭ£շѹɱ˹ȥЩַ̼ͨշѹħ·ŭˣħһȫ
ֱַ͡³һѪɫ԰ף궯·ҲҪѣֱͦԼַ̧ͷеĿħ⣬ЦħҲŭǾøһɡ
ſص֮У·ļһƬǽ壬뻮һսȺɢ߰˱ΪֲļħУֱ
ַжǿᣬλʵ壬ɸоʹ·ҪѣЩλʾǵĴַܺᲢۣħΪٲħģÿħ֮ǿмȥһħ٣ַٲħħɻһΣȻܹŭħ󷨣ԲŲᱻ̫ҡ
ЩʾͲôˣǿħе˶˲飬ûγܵǹɹһĨ׵мʮˣν
ˣɫһһĻļҴ۾ǿҲɫӲ¶֮ɫ۰ٻ֮εǿᣬַ㣬Ȼ˿ַ̣㾹ȻħٶԸʡ
ɢһȣʿħٶȻ۶֪پۼһ飬Ҫɢ
ħٻңձʹɱСַЦһʹаħˣȴˣӸղһħҲַܹѹֻôµսǿħٱˣֻһѪҵȴܲסֱӱɱ֡
ˣַֻӰ˸˫طٶȺε֮ѸͣһȺ֮УһӣĺŭХЩӵ֮ǷɢĻûе⣬κһ˶ַܺĵ֮⡣
ߵȥַŲ̤գӰ·ƾŲư㣬һСȺ֮Уƻ쫷֮ɨأͬʱħٶȺɱ£һַ㱻峯³һѪΧļˣһٸ
ַ³һѪˮ֮ɨЩĴɢҵļǿߣͬʥư㣬ÿһֱ̤ܹŲһξ룬˲Ϣһǰ
˯һλ֮˸оҪ˯֮УȻֻһɲǣʱ̣һɲǾˣַ̤Դ˳ȥ
ħٲϺɱ£¾һֱݣܿ죬ʮλǿ䵱ż۹ȥǾŵħٵʱ䣬صʬЩŵʣҲش
ۡһλҵĴۿһĻһѪ衢衭
ַŲٶ̤˳ȥһ̣޾ķƻ۶Щʡ
սշѹŭХһһϹŵ·쳵ַɱ˹ȥ
𣡡ַ㱬һӡԼ޾ͬʱ˳ȥط·Ҫַ̤գ뵽Щ˵Ͽ֮أٶͻƣ֮ɨأ޽вЩ˵
ҪأַͬԺ󷲼ʣҼһˡɱһˡһڹַŲ̤ȥгֹŷվڹŷ֮ϣˣȥͦεļ·㲻
Ӵ˼ʣһˣɱһˣ
Ȼҵʺγɱôֻбƴʵ


1993 ת
ַǰ߱ɱʵϢٶȸʥݴһ𶯣ļҡԼӮѾӦս׼ÿʾ֮˶ԵЩĵЩ߶սѧԺӣȫսѧԺ룬Ȼ֪ôġ
Ȼʼգַȴûгֹ·ͻȻ伣˰㣬˷Ĵʥ壬ַ㣬Ϊʮɵһ仰ԼַǿᣬȴĻ̻̣ʲ߶Ȥ龰
ҲĬĬ뿪Ӯңһ¼ܻʥ˳ֵĵزȻҲûµıҪɲΪҺӮҶһλʥȻߣҺӮҴӦҪģѾӮ顣
һʥһʱڵİ˷·伣˰㣬ַ㡢ɡ䡢սɮʥ塢սѧԺû˶ͻƴ֮ʱܷɱȻ¶棬˲²⣬ҲɶѾ뿪ʥݶ˵Ƿǳܷ飬Ͼ֮ƾɵ츳´ȥãֻҪ̫С
ڼ䣬ʰʵ֮ʹüط֪ǷѾȫԭ˵Ҳ뿪ʥݡ
Ѿ˼־һʱǷǳݵģʥݻ츳츳֮ͨˣλλʣʮ궼оָͬһӼ䣬ǵľ仯̫󣬾ַͬСһЩλʶǧ֮á
ֻŻеһʱӰǳԡ
ַһȹڰ˴ħ٣ֻҪһΣħǿ̤λʾ磬һУַڶȵڰ˴ħǰֱйһħ󷨣꣬ΪĿ£ûλʾܹ֮ȭâϵһλʣǹϣκεЧ
ַڡħٴ꣬ټǿ󣬵ԣҲλʣ˵ַ㣬λʵΪܹ׿սﵽλʵĵزֻо绹ƺҲħİԵǿ
ʱַ̨־һķչ̨ı仯̫ˣַ㿴һ̨ˣ㶼ʷǷаο̨ʥݣΪʥĴڣҲеİˣôˣʦǻûҲ֪ΣȻַҲף˵ô꣬ں޾֮ضԣߣָһӼҲʮȥҲͬʦֺʦһֱʥݶ
УôʧˣһƮ뵽ַУַ㲽Ժ֮УֻһЦŵ
ϰֵգ˫ֺʮǻ۸
̨죬Цŵˣʲô۸ǵطͲȥģ㶼Ѿʧˣôִţ
̨ЦˣûʦÿλΪг𡣡ҲЦŵʱַַ̨㣬ʦȥˣһȥֻ꣬ˣ˵òȥ
ȻҪʦԼ˼ַЦǰʦ֣ɽʮݣ̤˶ٲ㡣
΢΢ҡͷνǧŰپʮţָ֮ûյ㣬ֻʮݣұѾ˷ɽۣ֮Ȼֻվڷɽ£ʵǣŻһûϣ𣬷·Զ󲻵𡣡
ַ̾Ϣ΢΢ͷʦ֣ʥǰȥȻ̵Ϸɽ֮˾˵ʱ⣬Ҳʮ꣬Ҳǰ꣬µǣ̤֮ǲûгɷ𣬷Ϊ˴ħʦŷɽоŷ𣿡
ţȥˣҲšĵ˵ͷַɫ΢ûлյĻɽܹһǿǰȥȻģżʥݵĹʥǿڷɽ֮նعϷɽʥݵ˶ŷɽ֮оǿΪĻνľǿ𣬺ܿͬʮɰߡ
ʦֳȥ𣿡ַһ
аգսѧԺ㷴ܹǣϴεƽϢǱȥˣδ飬³ʥݡЦ˵
ȷաַЦ£ںֺаȻҲỳɣպִ񱤵ʱ򣬱ԲħΪʣ񣬶ʦֻص⣬ҪϵĴ紳Σûܹʵ̲Է⣬Զ
֮ˣҪʵ۷·ɲ츳㹻ģ־ĥѡԵˣ١
ȥɽַЦ£漴˸̤ɽ֮߱أȻʱƮɽϵӰ߱棬ѩ
ʱѩ飬͸⣬һϢ͸ų֮⣬ͬŮһ
ַ㣬ˡʱֱַ̤߱ԣĿ⿴ѩΣҴѾܹ²⵽һЩ
ַɫһʣѩһֱеɻ
棬ΪλΣ
ַ߱뿪ߣʹַ΢·ǱѰ
Ƭַ֮߱һѩ֮ϣϥַַֻ߱㣬˵ת𣿡
תޣַͫ£ѩתޣ
ûתô磬ת޽֮Ψû֪Ǻˣм֮ȻѾһЩҲת֮Լȥһ֮תһûв´Ļѩпǿתޡ
߱滺ڣʹַɫһΪô²⣿
˵ԼԼҵһЩÿһʱ䣬ᶪʧԭеļ䣬ԣΨΪ棬ңʧȥʱԽԽˣпйӡվ½ôһžڹ
ʲôž
Ҿⲿž֮˼٣һУΨʵ棬ÿ˶ģѩÿμϲ֮ʱҲͬʱһЩ䣬磬ʺһ׶εĹž飬·ĵѾΪİźˣȻȴδĻôֻһֿܣǿǿߵתޣ
ңҲ²ȵһĳ̶ȣļƱϣڣָǰ֮Ҫȵ۾֮󣬷תޱˡ߱Ļַе΢ЩľѩҲתޣ


1994 ʥ
ɽ֮УַĿ⿴ͬӰ㰲ѩһƲ
СʶŮӣתޣѹÿһʧȥ֮ٶ˿ǰľΪÿһ׶εʧ䣬ź˸һ׶ε·Ҳһȫѣһˡ
ҿԤϵǣȻǾǿߵתޣȻпܴԭеıϣҲյľ磬תк塣
֪ʵʲôĴڡַа̾һ漴뿪ɽ֮аɡ
սѧԺ֮УԴַʰʵ֮ջַ㣬Ӵ̨ȡŵλսѧԺַֻ̨һ˶ף̨ûߣԼַ鶼֮һֻص⣬һ˪֮нä֮壬սѧԺҲô󲿷ǫ̨̈̄ܲΪսѧԺһô
Ȼ̨ûռŵİԵֻɵĹ̨ڲ֮£ѧԺǿ˵Ҳᰲɣ֮⣬֮еõ񣬼ȥʵŽһ£ĵģʹøԸһɡ
һ֮գһ֮츳вͨ˿̤ѧԺʱмУһѤ֣յַ̤һһѪ֮⣬·ǣҲ뽫Լֿ档
ǱǱذǱ˰İ񲢴棬֪ʱܹڰ֮ϡһһ˿֮⣬ڴгһգܽԼֿ档
ַʦ֣һˣλʾƼ䣬һڼ֮գλʵľ磬ʵʰϯλĴʥֶԸһɱȥʣպգַʦֵ츳ͺˡһ˿ŷ֮˵һ֣Ȼַ֡
ַֻ֪ʦôഫ棬Ƿַ֪ʦֱӴǱ˰ֱ֮ӿԽ˵ذֱ̤˷֮ϣƺûǱذֹΪλʾ磬ֻڵذ񣬲ȻѧԺ
ַʦ֣սѧԺһˣԽ䣬δȻսѧԺȻһζԻ֪ʲô𣿡
ַʦ˵޵֮ʱûڣҲ֮
ɣʱҲЦݣ˺ԣҲ֮·һ⡣
ַʦֵĴ̫ˣ㿴Ƿǰϯλ֪˭𣿡
һַ㡢ڶ䡢äǺ֡飬ַͬʦַ֣ʦֵӣäҲַֻʦմѧԺ֮ˣΨм⣬ˣ̨˶ַʦŸеĹϵԴַʦִսѧԺĹ֮󣬽äԼǷ׷ù½Ϸ񣬳ΪսѧԺһμѻ˭˲֪
äԼλʦʦ˭ǿ˭ʵдȶϾǲܻ潻棬ңһǰǶûڵλãȻǶ˵֮ѧԺ֮гЩ⻹˵֮ȻäĿһ˷֮󣬽äλѧԺ֮мûгȴԽԽЩͬȥ˶޲ڣƺ־ԲȽä֪ʱ˵λʦôѧԺλҲ֪ѧԺԼĺʱЩԼ̽ǰ֮ϵһѤַ֣վʱ龰
Щ˵󣬷ˮУһϢɾ˳Ⱦһɫĳۣмָ߹֮Ӷǽɫĳ֮ϣ·ڻ·Զʱ龰
һ۷漴߳˷սѧԺɽȥᳵ·ƺսѧԺΪϤȻʵѧԺ֮ˡ
ɽ֮⣬漴ɽ΢΢ǷĿ¶֮⣬漴ͻʳһˣݼսѧԺǰ
һսѧԺɽƮȥֲӣ·һлصݣɽ֮Уƶƣɹ֮ۡ˵Ŀ׷׳·Ҫ͸ա
ͺˣ롣
Ƭ֮ɽ֮лӦ漴Ųɽ̤ȥ·ָ㣬һ·һɾɷǰǰλߣ΢΢ǷսѧԺλǰ
ÿ죬ʱ⣬ָһӼ䡣Ŀ⿴꣬΢Цŵ˵ͷ㵽ʥݣӦҲмʱ˰ɣ
ǰۡ΢Цŵͷ
ҲӦȥ
Ѿ֮ǰȻǰַ㡢䡢ä֡ˣǰʳһ𣬻ϣǰæ
ɽ֮ͣգǹһˣѡ֮£ֻǴƽڡ
ǰ˵ҵ⡣΢΢ǷЩսѧԺ濪ڣȻ˵ŷȻǾþʥ֮ˣƩʥļ䣬Ҫ˵ʲôҲס

ɽ֮֮߱أʱַߣ棬ʲô𣿡
ַ㣬½ʮ֮ǣĵ֮ǣӦö֪ɡ
ʥݡʥԪŶַӦ
ʥ˽٣
Զʱڣ޾ʥһޱȿֲĹȣͳ֮صԶʥʥʥ̫ǿӴսʷн壬ֻΪʥʥҲʥȻˣǷֻʥɿ£һ޴Ļʳˣ쵽˽գʥ֧Զŵʥ֧˳ΪʥʳЩʥ塢ѧԺʷҪƾá
ַ㻺ĿڵδȥʥȻӵ伮֮УǿʥȻҲ˽һЩģЩʥ֧ǴԶʱڣգһʳʥ֮У㲻ࡣ
˵û㵽˽գʥЩʳ඼ԶȻҲϾഫУһЩʥ壬ҲԶʥӰУյʥ̫ӴΪ½İ£ҲΪ̫ӴҲŽķֻˣʷĳ֮нĻΪһ֧
߱滺˵֮͸żȻ֮⣬յʥõǶôֲȻʥһʥ


1995 
ַȻΪֻ߱Ǻ̸̸ʥʷô򵥣ʵ棬ǰǺʥй𣿡
Ȼ߱΢΢ͷʥֻϵĻʳɴʥÿʱ䣬ЩϵĻʳǰʮ֮ǣȥѧԺܳһǰʥ
Ӧǰʱ䵽ˣܳΪ£ַƶϳǰ򣬼Ȼ߱˵ȻǹϵĻʳǰˡ
µûʥŻʳ֮һͻʳһֱսѧԺõĹϵÿ䣬ǱǰսѧԺսѧԺ֮ǰʥͻʳֵˣͻʳˣʥÿһϵĻʳشʱѾǰ֮ʮ֮Ƿˣܿ죬ʮ֮һ۷ʥ
߱ĻʹַȻ£ʮ֮ǵ۷֮ʾһˣǾʥݣһǿ߻ۣǺεȵķ羰ֻײѤĻ𻨡
ַ㲢δӿڣֻ߱ΣͻʳսѧԺǷǰˣ㡢䡢äֻˡ
ΪΣҪԶʱڵһ˵𣬴ʥԭԴһʥ֮սʥʥĿߣѫ׿ʵ죬ȻʱʥĴڱѾʷķֻʱƣʥ߸ԵһΪԼһȡ棬ìܽļձܻһʥ֮սżмһսʥᱻʥ䣬Ǳ֮ʱ˾Щⳡսı֮ٳһżϣܹ츣ˣ֮ǾٹżҪʥŽΨо۸ֵ֮ܽż򿪣ǽνʾĺˣΪ۾ĺ˻ǵս
ʵ֤Ͷݵʱ䣬ʥľǶԵģ˻ս֮ʥ˼̳ȱǵԸʱ˶Žһ£۸֮ٹżԵõȱǵĴУȻŽվǴˣŴеĲ֣Ե̰Լ˽ٶȱʥֿʼ˹Ķǣһܻڳ׵ݣΪʳֻż֮ղŻŽһ£ƾʳһż򿪡
£Щżĺɱ¾ĸʳɱϣеĻʳʼȻҲлʳʼû䣬˻ֱȶȴ֣ЩʣʥԼϿȱΪµżˣΪûм˵Ըʥһֵ֮ʧǣҪ
߱滺˵һξĶǵϹʷ˵˲֪ʷʲôȻվҲмѭģʥ䣬ǺεȲҵĴսȻһսҲǳǸеʹǲԸϣŽᣬȻǵԸվ޷
ں飬ַѾܹ²⵽ˡ
ֻ߱ʷǨʳʼ֮صĸ׷׽õĹϵǲҪ˰ǿżңϣЩ̤żܹ֮ǼȻˣֹЩæҲ̤żֻȡ󻯣ˣʥİǿ󣬽żɱ˿¾һˡ
ԣʥʳ׷ǰ֮أʮ֮ܳʥַ˵߱΢΢ͷ˫Ӯ֣֮ЩܳҲԸðǰϾ½ͬͬһ̨֮ϣֻᣬ̫ѵˡ
˼ַˣһͶʦ֡äԼһǰȥټǡַЦ˵δаԥӦҵôõˣܻɡ䡢һľȻֻ˷ܣ
𼱡߱Ц£ַ㣬˴ǰܻܿΣأ½֮ʥݶУ˴γУҲܻ۷徳ǵãӦ䣬ͻʳǼֻǺϵԼ¡
סַ΢΢ͷȻ֪ϵ
У˴μҲһǰ˵֮ԹʱȷԹɣǿͷܾ˵ľ棬츳ɶԼĳԽ֮¡߱ٶȵַ΢΢ףƽȻΪãΪҵĶҵϣܻܼ䣬ɱõ
ܺɱȫͬĸҪɱ䣬᲻ϧκδۺƴַ㲻֪ʥļΪ˷ʲôֶΣҶɵıһ϶ɱ
ַȥ֮󣬱֪ͨ˽äԼʦֺ֣֪Ϣ֮ĺֺͽäЩ⶯½ʾŽҪʥʢܲ˷
ڶľʳǰսѧԺͬʱʳҲѧԺԼʥ塢ŵǵ룬ܿ죬һϢʼʥݴʹðʥݣͻȻһƬʥʳ֮ˣʼˣϢβܣѾ˿ʼǰ̣ʥ
Ȼֻʥˣ֮ʮ֮ǣ￪ʼ½̤ѧԺԼŻ߼嵱Уͬһʮ֮֮һЩҲõ룬Ͼʮ֮֮⣬һЩڵġ
һ죬ַҲˣƿ֮ϣһӰ֮гʥķǰѾͬǿǰδַͬС


1996 ʥ
ʥ½ʮ֮һĵ֮֮һҲ֮嫵ǡ
ַ˳ŷնУʥһƹӵϢ¿Ľ߹ϵϢе·Ϊƾãҷ·𱣴÷ǳð㣬ûܵսĲƻ
磬洦ܻᷢսЩǿߵսƻǿµģĽҲǲϵķ£Ŵӹ͸¶ŹϢĽȺ䣬ʥȴĴڣĽ඼ǼһһƬһ壬ͬһȰ㡣
ǻʳȺ𣡡ַ૵ʥΪʥһ壬Ȼķѣɺ֮вͬĵطǷֻΪһ飬ȻʳͳʥйʥԼŲ𣬵ȴӰһʳĴˣ˵ʥΪ嫵֮ǣĸȴԲʥݣǸЩϵĴСʳһʥûСʳ̵ĵ̣ɱŻʳĸ߰ԸɢȥŻʳϣǣʥ֮һ
ԣǻʳȺ䣬һĹȣһʳ˵ʥ۹϶ɣȻʳԶǵ۹ܹ˵ġͻʳ˵Ϊַ˵ʹߣȻַͬһ
ҪӻʳϿշУǵϣκ̤ڸ߿յƶ˶ܡΪַָŷͬԷ˵ִַڿԽһ۹ЩʳаһУͬǿĵ۹һ
˺ܾãָǰһ޾Ļʳַͻʳˣȥɡ
ַ΢΢ͷʳԶʱʥһɰʥǵĸ߰
ͻʳ֮ɭϣȻַǳͨ裬̤ʳ֮һ·ǰУǰͻʳһĹǰƮЩڻʳе׻ʾǿпСʿɳưԵ۹ʳֻѰ
ȥַʹʵ
ʱὫλʥʥΪλӷϴϢȵ֮ȫ֮ʥᰲλһǰʥʣͬʱΪλӷ磬ЩʱλǲλҪȥʥ߶ĻҶԴ·
ʹȻƷǳᣬȻ˵ȴǳƽͿ׺ͣ˸о߻оڵĸо
ʥַһϵĻʳȻͬǰʥӴ
һЩʱ̣ʹߴַһֲʧŵĸۡ߸Сˮɽ֡ٲˮͬʫ㡣
ʹͨһʱֻһӰնΪ֮һŮӣµ١˸űĹʣ͸һɸ߹ʣŮӷǳᣬԣżλɫ֮ˣǵֻǿһ۱оһɰԵӭ
˿Ůһۣ¶һĨֵɫһʹߣ漴ֻʹǰ΢΢Ƿ
Щʥǰ֮𣿡ⱻΪŮƽĿڣ͵ŸоǳʣܹĸܵϵһĨ߹ʣȴаѹ֮С
ˣַ㣬֡ä飬ΪʥսѧԺ֮ǰ֮еλһӦҲˡʹ߻Ӧ
λᣬռݷǰϯλʵ˷ԶǧˡŮ¶һĨЦ⣬ַ΢΢ǷԱʾ֮⡣
һ²ǲַ΢Ц˵ŮΪλ۷徳磬Ҵ˫֮пκθ飬һжô⣬и߹ʣȴδֳĸ֮߰⣬ľȱܹġ
λʾ֮ʱ⣬λ۷徳磬ټǿ֮ͻʳһٮٮߣȻǲǰȥսѧԺǷһˣ±㲻Ǽˡ
ŮԵ͸һĮϢַ˵ǲоΪмսѧԺ˲ˣλλ۷徳ռ˷ǰĴϯλ츳˵֮Ҳֻ˵սѧԺж֮ͬλ۷徳֮ˡ
ǹǳһĿתȻһѹ˫ͻأøķʹɫһĿⶢŶԷȻȴվֱ˫۾΢΢ͷȥ
Ǹ˵
Ŀһ̧ͣͷ
Ǹͬ㣬ʹöԷͷ΢΢ţ漴ַ㣬ǸˡҲ֮
ްַ㵭һЦԵú⣬Ȼȴ괫˵ǸֻΪ֮˶ѣ䲻սѧԺֻ˵ĻôҲͻʳҪǣӦף˵ʵ
ַǹһĨĮЦ⣬ԵĲ⣬Ȼȴǹַ˵ַ㣬롣
˵գĿ⻹̲סɨһַۣ֮Էû˵ȻΪͻʳĹԼﲻַһǰĻʰʵ֮գ˼䣬ٻʰϯλӦǵڶŶԣѾʰڷ񣬵ȻǼһǰλ۷֮ˡ
һλǿȴǿƻ˷䣬òӣҲû̫İܹսʤδλʾַ㣬οĻͳ죬ַҪɱ׾٣ַɱʥ弧ҵ飬Ҳ˵˵ģַһˣȴû뵽˵İƽ͡
롣ַһ漴һ˳Ź·ǰȥƬ֮һ̳ɵĵ棬ǰһλɫվǣ֮ϴǳЦַߣ˫Ц·Ҫӡ˵޷԰Ρ
һ̣Ե꣬Ƕĵͷǰĸ߹Ӱ
ַԺ΢΢һ漴ֻоһƬ֮УԵѾʧ·֮УֻʣǾˡ
ȻָоֻһɲǱָ糣ַаŮ˵ʵһо֮Уضʧ˰㡣
ӭλԶ¶һĨ֮Цдһɶصַפ㣬΢΢Ƿǰʥɡ
ؾ࣬ʥԵøƽ׽ˣַǿڵ漴ַ˷׷ʥ͹ǣҲ


1997 ż
ַ㣬˵ʥȻʥ֮Ҳ֪һЩ֣Ҿþ׹ʥ˵һǿҵ׺֮⣬ǺǵǳЦ˺ѲΪ֮ԡ
ǼŮˣһһһһ򵥵Ķ
ʥˡַǫѷЦס񣬲ΪԷҡ
ַλ֮磬ڻʰʵ֮նȡϯλޡʥɺЦַ㣬Ϊʥһɡ䡢ͻʰǰʮ˭ߵԶɡ㣬ֻˣ
ַɫ΢ʥһۣԷһʻȴƺĺС
ʥңܴˡַЦ£˵ʥƽɿ飬漴Цŵ˵ûɻ߳䣬ǿ¶شԼ
ԼΪԼˣ档
ǰȥʥսѧԺҪΪַ㣬Ů޲ڣϣܹʥ˳ʥһ۹¶Ȱɫ
ʥˣַ㶨
ʱַ΢Щȣʥ˵ƺµＧ䣬Ͼǻ˼ǰںԼäضԷֱǼĹϵ
˵Ϊĸ֮˱Ҳˡʥվַ΢΢ǷʹַҲվʥǰˣ
ΪһĸףӦõġʥɹȥ漴ַЦҲ㲻ˣַ㣬κҪ󣬶Ʈѩʱҡ
˵֮ʥ뿪ߣʹַзâʥȷͬѰ˺һ˿覴á
ַ㣬Ҫչ˺Ŷʥ뿪֮󣬹ַȻһЦͬٻţľޣԵĻͳ춼ˣͬʱʱޱƣַôôʥ͹˿ʵ޷λʾ˵ܹ۷￹
˵ţ⹫һ飬Ц㣬ǧҪ⡣
ôᡣ˵֮ţҲ⹫ǳദƺſ֮󣬾ͬŮ㣬ûаӣֻһپʱ⣬·ַǻüΪ
֮һЩƮѩΪַǰźסأַżϵĻʳ߶߶ûжϵеĹϢ
Щ½ʮ֮ǣԽԽǿｵʥЩѾˣײϾЩԸԷҪԼ֮ǵΡ
һգƮѩӦַҪ󣬴ַ߳ͻʳ׼ǰʥ߶¡
㣬ǴʥԲʧģ½ʮ֮ǣȻż֮رʥˣ˴˵æ֮Ҳʥͣúߡ
ЩƮѩѾȻϾ˶Ůӣ㽻ʱƮѩ§ֱۣԵøǣַԴ˲û̫⣬ԣ˵ѱѣǵ˱ǵˣڣûиܵƮѩʥκεĶ˵ϣ֣ǺγҪԷ
ʥЩȽĹżʵ
ЩĹżŻʳƿţȣ⵹ڹУͬ߱Ƶɽ̤֮ˣƣӴ޷׷ޱȣҲһأ˸Уʥ̨ϣ˵ܹʥԼ֮츳ȵȻż֮
ȣ⣻Ƶɽ֮ʥ̨ʥַһĨ⣬⼸طΪĶ
Ʈѩáʱַ̧ͷͻʳȥֻһӰƮ˲࣬Ȼ㶼ʷǱѰΪ֮˷棬ΪʣʷǷһƻţͻʳĻƮѩĴڣЩˣ㶼Ϣǿ󣬶һ͸ǿҵĿҰ֮
磬ѧԺ𣬹ȻǱѰƮѩˣ΢Ц˵
Ȼ˿̣ЩѧԺĿȴַǣͻʳһֱŲĹϵÿζΪϵϵ֮ǰֱΪսѧԺѧԺһʥ塣
սѧԺҲһʷǷ΢Ц˵ֻһѧԺǿ̤Ŀ¿ɨһսѧԺôַӦˣ˭ַ㣡
ַĿ⳯ȥޱȣһɿԿµ¿չֿҰǵĽŲޱȵĳء
ַĽŲ΢΢ǰ̤һ漴建ڿգһɿµİԵ֮ҡϣϿճȥܱѹ塣
Ȼλʵľ磬˵˷Ｇ䣬Һ֪ʵжעˡ˽Ųռ̤һ̣·ַַֻоպǧޱȵţ㳯̤Ҫû
ҿ嵹ɱ£ֱѹַȥ
ˣַ̤գֲħѹƿǿ׳ŶԷȥ˵ȭâײʹն·ͣƬ̣漴¡ͬ籩һŰ
Ļַ嵱УӿһЩĨֱ΢΢Щ飬죬Ƿǳǿ󣬶Էó꣬ƺţһ࣬ͬſµ
λʵ˾Ȼܺҿܹ˿ЦͷĺڷȻÿͬһаƮ
һȭҪ߲ˣһϵСˡ£һɸӿµѹȥִַٶߵƽ֮ϣǧţ̤һǰ֮ƣκ鶼Ҫˡ
ַ㣬ɴ⣬ѧԺȼ仹Ҫá¿գƮѩַ㴫ʹַɫ¶صɫַԼʵţδԴ֪ƺƣƣǾ磬ֶζ࣬ƣΪֱӱĶԺ䣬ľȻҪԿģȻҪȫԸ
䣡һ̤񷣬ַֻоԼֻʣһ֮У޷㣬ǧţͬʱһޱȾ޴Ŀţ֮ɱһж
ʲô⣿ַɫһӿǰܻԷѹ̫ǿˣַ̨֣һ̵ĸӡ·̺ǺصĿ¹ɽǴݻһеĺХǧ򻯣Ϊһ壬䡣


1998 Ϥİ
˵Ĺн㣬ӡֱӱǾ޴ţХһ漴ҲɢȥȻַȴоһҰްڷŰţ屻˵˵ϣµʯһѵ˿µѺۡ
ĹӡͨҵĹȻȫȥˡеĿҰӰ˵Ŀⶢ¿յַ㣬Цǻ˼ˣȻֿܹ߳ɹѾ㹻ˡ
ַ㿴еӰ˵ĻﵹǿԷʵȷʵǿ
ַ㣬Ժǽ֣ϣ̤ʥ֮ǰʵܹǿܹͻƵλʵľأĻƮѩҲЩˡʱǿҰӰԱߵͻʳӶַ΢Ц˵˵Ȼַܹܵǹɵ԰֮⣬ͬΪͻʳĻȻȴ涷еģͻʳֱϵ֮ˣȴͻʳȨֱӳ棬ɹӵַ֣ܹƶϳһͻʳλһ磬λΪĹӣƮѩǰĻӣһˣλֱӺȡϵ
ƮѩԼĸʥһѡսѧԺеĻѡѧԺһ
лˣַڵľҲ㹻ˡƮѩЦŰַӦһνıȻǿʵַȫܹ²óƮѩʵǷǳֲģֻһֱԼԼһ档
ǱҶˡƽڣŽսвǰʥ̨ʥ֮Ҳ׼ǰȥʶһ˴νʥʳжôˡ
ʥ̨룿Ʈѩɻʵ
ʥʳǰʥ롣ǻЦ£ַһۣƮѩ⼸նַһȥˣôϢȻԵˣӶӴѧԺƮȥת˲ûټ
ʥ̨ղ˵һżַƮѩһ
Եģʥ̨ʥʳƿ֣ʥʳͻʳһҲǴԶʱһֱĻʳʥһƽǾڵʥ̨ǲ̤ģ˼ҲԵǰȥǹʥ̨û뵽ʥʳǿȻǰ
ƮѩӦ˵ʹַ΢΢ͷȻˣҲȥʥ̨ɡ
ƮѩַһۣǹһĨǳЦã֪ЩﲻʼįʥʳȻ룬صʥԶǰʥ̨żܹʥ֮ԣ㲻ܣ֮ļ棬ҲȻǸڴɡ
ַ΢Ц£ȻʥȻҪ֮صţʥٽ֮˰ɡ
ʥʳͻʳһͬΪϵĻʳ޾˵ʥʳ֮óʥ֮ǳ
ַʥʳ֮󣬱·̤ʳ֮УһЩʱַ̣һɾ֮أڵϷƮţ̤ڵϱ·֮䣬̳ɵĹ·뻮һϯλϯλ֮ͨʯ͸ʥ֮⡣
ǰѾ˵ˣǷֲڿ֮ϸλĿȴһطҲַڵĹ·ͷһӰΪŮӣ͸һǳƯǵһʯֱ̨죬֮ͬУˮ£ʥ̨
ַǵĽŲȻᣬв˵Ŀ⳯ǰӰԶʷǷһ磬Ϊ·̴ܴ˵ԶΪǳ
ȻȻҲֻǿַһۣ㽫ĿƿҲһЩ⣬˿ĳһλһ˼ɫЩɫľʳ˼̻𣬾ǹʥʳЩŮˣΪɾ֮ƽ˼־¡
ЩˣΪ㺮ӣܹߵ
Ȼϵַģչ㺮ǰһսַ򲻽ȻȴҪΪǵ𺳷ǳ󣬶ңַ㺮ļλӣƺŲĹϵ
Ҳڣշ·û̫ı仯˫ȴƶ˼Ͳɣ֮⣬·˼ֱĳУڿַɲǣȻһЦߵʹÿЦݵȺֽĿַ㣬ͬѩľɫŮˣȻӰ¶ôЦݣеĵȻ֮⣬·Ҫ˵ĹңӰ֮УһλͬһŮˣƯ¡
ⲢȺ̫⣬ˣһһ˽ܣŷǷݣЩͨˡ
ַ㿴Цݣ΢Цŵ˵ͷ漴ĿһӰĿ˸伸֣Թе⣬⣬˫֮У·ûκεУǿַ㣬ˣȻңֵַɲǣȴ΢΢¡
ģ鳯ŮӺһǽãȻʱģַ㣬ôĮȻ
תûٿַǣˮʹһĨʧ֮ɫ
֮Ѿ㹻ˣʥʳǷԿʥ̨ʱȻȴǰʥʳЦλ˱Ȼֹô࣬βȴҾˣһʥ֮
Ҳã˶һʶλ
ͬ漴˷׷ڳʯǰϯλ£ַҲѡһϯλʱֻһɫӰַ߶Ȼˡ
ʥ£ҲΪ˵ġߵַǰǳЦ˵ֶеȻ֮⣬·һַǰš
ַָ£ַһϯ¡
ڹ㺮ɻãַƽʵټˣв̫ԵøƽһΪ¿աӴ·ˣ֮ʱΪˣȻȷδŵʲôֻǰշޣֻľ֮£ַЩȻѿ࣬Լѡûд
ῴַƽȴ΢΢Щ̾ϢģӴ·ˣ˵ַЦģȻȴûϤ֮Уֻ·˶ѣҲֻǼ򵥿кţϲޱȻӦ뵽ҲԼѡĽô
ã㺮вȱԴռĹž飬ң㺮ΪṩĻʵЦŻӦ˻δ뵽ټ֮ʱôƽš
Ǳã߳Լĵϣܹʵ֮롣ַףһȻȴЦ£һŬȥʵֵģ˵żʱǻԼǶǴվԼѡ񣬲гһĳɾ˼֮·ΪħǷ񻹻ǵյŵأ
Ц͸Ȼ֮⣬ַ㶼·Ҫȥַг̾¹ĳŵħͱѩŮĹ£ȴƺңԶ


1999 ʥ̨
ַվûлشĻȻȴƺδ⣬ɴЦݣֻǳĬţ΢΢ͷ֪ʲô
ֻôַʵ
̧ͷ΢΢ס
ڹ㺮ʲôݣַ㿴ʵ
ὫĿͶģ˵㺮ʥŮǵĵλҪߣǰ֮ޱȰԵҪһ»ѡ
ˡַ˵ͷĵĿ⹴һĨЦ⣬ġ
΢£ĿⶸȻ䳯ַͬһ㣬ܹ˵Ĵ̵֧顣
ȻַеЦôĲãĵģַŮˣԶǣ˭᲻ߣҲС
ַĻͷ΢Ȼ֮ͬâӵĶĿҪʵɱϣҲ͸һǿҵ⣬ͬĺ㣬Ե˶о嶼·Ҫ䡣
ߵı仯ʹò˽ĿͶַԼģ㺮ģ֮޵ǱȽϺ꣬޸ǳλɫŮӣϷ֮Ĺ㺮ӡ
˱ַ㣬λʾ磬Ȼһǰʥݻʰʵ֮գ˷Ｇ䣬̤ʰ֮λ츳Ƿǳǿ󡣡
ַ㣬ʥ˶Ϊ֣ʹĴʥ飬޷¡
սѧԺȻûбôҪʥǿߣʵûдеôţϾΪֻλʾѣҲԽսλ۷죬ȻʥΪ̨
ǻʰʵ֮նȡϯλܼ䣬زţȻȥʵ
˷ӦԲͬȴδԼĿ׷׿˵Щ˵ַһЩǿҵս⣬Ҫַʹսһ
ַȻȴƽ糣ʱһӰ˳·˽˵۾·ǽɫİ㣬Ψһˡ
׿䡣ʱϳ˴ˣĿʱų⣬׿䣬
ѹ۾·ǽɫģü͸Ž⣬ղ壬бԴһ֣ķÿ£ƲҹҲǼǿ
ղ壿ַĿһɫ˵壬бԴһ֣ϵԴʣһʵͬһ𣬷ǿú˵ĵز»ĿǰΪֹʾǿ
һλλ۷徳ǷǳµģҪΪΪ壬Ǿ
׿ߵм䣬ǰʥʳ˵׿ǰʥʳݷã֡
׿䣬ʥʳ˿˵
׿˵ͷҵһλ漴ֻһ˿ڵ׿䣬˵ǰʱնһλ˵֮Ĵǿߣ֪Ǵ۵ʵΣ
նһλۣ֮Ⱥͫһʵģ˵вܹԸͨĴ˵Ĵȴǲ׶Ըֻеٮٮ߲ս뵽׿䱾Ϊ۷ΪټϽղ壬Ҳʵ
ȻնˣȻʵ̫ǿ׿ƽ˵ǷҴŵɫüëʹ˵֮Ե͸űֻǺһ
лҵҪһ֮һ˿Ұ˵ڣ裬ͬɫһͻʳѧԺ֮ˣǰַ㽻ֹ
ǡ׿ƽ
ţҵҲ뿴ս˴Ц˵ţǴ˵ĴºţΪţʹĸϵͨţ֮ͨΪ£սͬ˿ţһ˱˳Ϊţ
½̤ߣܿ죬ַ㿴һϤӰһϯ³ۣ͸һɲŭ֮ʣԻкüˣΪѧԺǿһˣĳʳѧԺĳȻõ˻ʳ롣
ɳΪ֮ʥݵĻʰ֮ϣѾǵһˣַ˴ʥݵʾ۷ʵ
컪ӵˣЩˣʥݵѧԺô
ǡԵͷ
λѧԺԱʵѧԺĳȻҲǼġ
ǻЦ£Եĳһۣʹ˵ͷʥݵʾ۷˶ˣûĳ壬ǿΪʥݻʰһˣžʥ
λʥʳЦЩ໥Ϥĺܣǳμ棬˵͸
һ˷׷ַȽϣ˵ʥݻʰʵ֮˲δ֣λʾĳӦҪʤַģϾĻʰһ
֮½ߣȺۣȺ֪вǳһĿһܿ£ܹˣЩǳзǷ츳֮⣬Ҳܲ˵һɱ֣˵ǺõģҪᱦ̽գȻȴܶɥϣˡ
һ֮󣬺ܶ˿ʼۣʥµؾʥ֮ǷҪһߣĸһˡ
ô˶Ѿˣʥ̨ǷԿˡ˶ʥʳ˿˵ʹЩ΢΢ͷһЦã߿ʥ̨
£ֻߵͬˮµĿռ֮ǰ۹ӡһ⻪ռ֮ϣʹˮĻʼƶˮĻŶµɲǣһصĲȻɨգʹ˶оһΰϷǵǸʵʥ̨ǣһԶŵϢ
λϹŵżʥ̨ˣ˵ܹ鵽˵츳ʥ֮ǷģҪλԼӡ֤ˡֻһʥʳǳЦǳȻ˿ȺעȴϣǶʥ̨
żܶǰŹǻṳ̂Ϲʥ̨ȻлᣬȻҪ̽һʥ̨к֮


2000 ʥǱ
˷׷״ϯϯʥ̨򿿽Ʈѩ˵ʥ̨ȷǹżдģʥ֮ų˵ἰʥ̨֮ʱϹŵż˵ʥ̨зӡʥ֮ꡣ
ַ΢΢ףĿзâ˸ձȻҪ̤ʥ̨һԵˡ
ֻʱһӹһλǿ߳ƮӰѾʥ̨ǰȱһֱʥ̨ʥ֮ҽձҪʥ֮кεΰ
˵գ˵ĽŲ㳯ʥ̨̤ȥֱգͨǽݣҪֱ̤ǹϵʥ̨ϡ
Ųʥ̨һɲǣûʥ̨ϣɫȻ䣬屬ˣ˵ñˣ֮һѪɫҰֽϢ궯·޷գݺݵĵ˵ϣ漴ֱһϢ
һȺɫ΢£ʥ̨֮˲ʥ̨ݣҪֱ̤ʥ̨ش֪ûŵʥ֮
Ⱥɫ˼֣⴫ܹ츳ʥ̨Ҳôܹȥġ
ּһӰ̤˿ղ˳Կ˲٣ʥ̨£Ͽգ漴ŲŵһĽ̤ȥ
ˣŲڽ֮ϣȻ䣬һɿֱֲӱϣ·޶ʹƺһŲˣֱ̤˽ݣɫ԰ףһĨ֮⣬˭ʲô޴ܣֱӺϣش壬ַֻǰֻоһƣڣһѪ޷ס˳ڡ
һݶ̤ȥһ˺ôǷǱѰȳֵ˲̫ȻҲǰʥݵĴڣȻǷǳģǣǾȻһݶ޷̤ȥⲻò¹ʥ̨
ô£˿ʵ
޴ڵĹֱϡ˿˵ǽҪвɴˣ׼סԼɣʱϢ
˵˵һԣֻղʻ֮˸ϸһ㷨ףĿ¶֮ɫŲ̤Ҳͨʥ̨Ľݡ
͸ղһ̤ʥ̨ɲǣֲϢֱӿ͸ķ˵ֱӵķֱӲƤ֮ϣҲһֱӱ΢΢ͣһѪʥ̨Ľ֮ϣȻ˲㱻ʥ̨յѪɺԣ·ûй㡣
ˡڳƺʶʥ̨ô̤ϵģνʥ֮¸֪жѡ
ʥ̨ܹ츳Ȼʥ̨һݶ޷̤ϣܷ˵ʲô𣿡˿ʥʳ֮ˣԵЩأ˵츳ĻǶ᲻ˣ츳ˡ
λҪ˵ʵ𣿡ֻʥʳŮ΢ЦʹǸղŵͷ΢ǷζŶԷĻǣ
ұ֮ˣ㻹ܹܵ˵ģ˵޷ϥڻָ֮˿ڵ
δ̤ϵһݣ߱ʥǱʣʥδﵽʥ֮ɼŮƽ˵ʹȺͷ΢вʣҲ˸о˿
Щ˽Ϊ츳֮Ƕӵкͼ־ÿ˶ʥ֮ģȺб̤ϵһݣ㲻߱ʥǱʣʥʸûУұҪ̤ϵڶݣʥźԺҲãһΪֻǲܳʥҲ˵̫Ҫɾ;ʥҪ츳
ʥǱ߱ζžʥǱʻԶʳŮٶ䲻˵˾䣬ڵ˰㣬ʹЩ˿ͷ΢΢£ʥǱʻԶ޷ɾ;ʥʥ۾ǱʣǶûдﵽ
˵ûдﵽǱʣδɱǿ
ˣһӹֻһϢֱӼ̤ʥ̨ĵһ֮ϣ¡һ죬΢΢£Ȼȴ̩ɽŲ·ϢƮ죬ȻһŲٶ𣬳ŵڶ̤ȥһεշѹ壬Ѫƶ졣
ɫ΢䣬漴Ȼ£Ų£¶Ƿ֮⣬ʥʳŮʵڶݣִʲô
㻹߱ʥѪʥǱʣѪҪܻ߸ǿҪٴŮӻ˵΢΢ͷлָˣѹָղҸоεΰѹҵѪշѹҵľ
ʥ̨ԿΪ棬һٽ֮ϣܹʥ֮ĳĿ⿴ʥ̨ϣǴ˿͸һѪ֮Ϣܹ̤ʥ̨ȶʥ֮ζǾ߱ʥǱʣ
ʥˡߣѴĴڣ
ҵҪʥ̨ҡֻһ֮һ˽Ųǰ̤ȻѧԺķţ¡һ죬һ֮أţĽŲֱȵʥ̨һ֮ϣû̧ͣŲٶȳǰһ̤Х·Ҫգϳһֲţ֮Ӱͬɫ˵ڶ֮ϡ
סˣζŷţѾ߱ʥʥѪԼʥǱʣ֪ܲһ㡣ĿŷţͣƬ̣ţٶȶˣһһֻȵڵ֮ϣ漴һֻҲ˳ȥվ˵ݡ
¡ţһ漴·𷢳ԶŵŭХһɻӦһڿգ˵඼ҵĲš
վסˡȺͫվǵ֮ϵķţǷѵܹսʥǱ츳
̤һݣζ־ͨʥ߿顣ʥʳŮƽ˵һ·̤ʥ̨·;һͨʥݵĿˡ
Ȼڷţǰ棬ݣ֮ϣʥ̨ҪٶȺʥ̨ſµѶȡ
ˣڣţһζˣһΣ̤ʥ̨ǰĽ֮ϣһ죬ɫ԰ףȻƺ˿˿ļţɫɲ԰ױóѪĳ죬ԴҵĲţ¡һ죬ţ嵹ɶһѪ¶ʥ̨Ľ֮ϣȻ˲ʧ
ʧˣţڵĲݵʱʧܣζһûܴﵽߵǱʡ
ǳˡʥʳŮӵ˵ʥʳܹ̤ϵĲ㲢סҲΪ


2001 ߲
ʥ̨ǹŹ֣֪Ǻԭʹֹ߱ӰΣ·ʥ̨ǻİ㣬߱Ƿ߱ʥĸǱʡַվһ飬ֻ૵
ʦ֣Ҳ֪ǴӺζַЦż˾ȣ⿴ֻһ츳ʥ̨ȻʵȴӵдãܹЩﵽķӵȱݣȥֲԼǷǱʣϳʥ֮·ǰߡ
ʥڸ涼ǿ̵ģûʥСûʥѪʥǱҲСûо߱ǿ־ǲУһǱʲζŵ۾۷ʱ޷ʥġ
׼ȥԡֵͷ˵
ҲãҶҪȥߵġַЦţ֮Щǰ̣ϳʥ̨Ľ̤ȥȻûһܹ̤ʥ̨Ҫ̤ʥ̨̫ˣζѾ߱ʥǱʣֻҪԺ󱣳ȫλĽǱʲ˻лʵʥ֮
˵ǵʥ̨ʥ̨ǰĵݣ̤ȥĿǰΪֹδֳԽţ̤ϵĽݵˣɼɾ;ʥѶжôĿֲȵʥʥѪԼʥǵǱʱ㲻߱ʥ־ǷǱѰţܹڵסΣɼ־Ƿǳµġ
̤֮󣬴˶õģϾֵΪֻλ۷壬λʶδ̤㣬ңʥݲδйʲôѤսԶԼַǣֻսѧԺ֪һǱѰпµǱʡ
ֵĽŲ̤ϵһ֮ʱֻоڲ·Ҫѣһޱһ̤Ͻ֮ʱоεֺκηõģڼǷӵʥǱʣ֮屾
ֱ͡һѪʥ̨֮ϣʹ˰ҡͷȻǵһݶ޷ס
ȻƬ̣Ƿֺɻڽ֮ϣɵɫ΢£¶֮ɫʥ̨ˣȻûб
ֵ΢΢£ǸɾݵѪ֮ɫڶٶǰУ˵һ죬ֵĽŲ̤˵ڶݣʥǺʥѪǱʣѪķ죬ſݵɫøӵʹʹ˶ҪѪҪҪըѡҪ顣
ǣȴӲĽһеʹ඼ˣȵվʥ̨ڶ֮ϣƮİ۴˵ҡ
סˡȺɫ΢£סԼͨʥ̨ǰؿ顣
ʥʳŮ¶һĨȵɫ૵塢ѪԼҲһ˿ģȻ־ֲܹһЩģǷڸǣνʥˣҪʮȫʮĳһ಻ǺܴܹƾְȻ־˷ܹ̤ͬϵľ磬˵ݣزκˡ
Ĭûͬţ㷢ŭȻķȴԲȷţһֽħִţԣֲôĴʥ̨֮ʱ˵£з·ܵһ˿㡣
Ի;綼ܴһУСսٵκһˣܹӹƽǲ־塣аǱϾѵһվڵ֮ϵʱûмʣǷ˼˼ԼĲ㡣
Щṳ̂ϵݵǸеԭΪǼǸǵʥ̨ʧܱ£Ȼȴδͺһּ飬ôķǡ
ʱĺ΢΢̧ͷĿ⳯ǰȥޱȣڣһ̤˳ȥ̼䣬궯ε·ֱ֮ϣʹ¶Ϊʹ֮⣬·Ҫһ
ֻֽ֮Ų·Ȼ䣬һɿµֻ֮ҡϣֱؼһɿµֻط籩ֵϢڷ·㣬ŭХֻط籩ľ
ͻˣȺɫһ𺳣ַ㿴һĻ£漴¶һĨЦ⡣
ҲЦˣ漴Ӱһ㳯Ա߾ȥԵһߣϥͻȥˡ
ַ㣬ĺʦֺƮѩ΢ԭΪУΨַܹа͹⼸ˣֱǷǳʱգǸµͻƵλʾ磬ʵǿɡ
Ȼַ΢ЦŵգҺʦСʱ򣬿һֱǶʦֱңһֱǳݶʦֵģɡ
Ʈѩͷ΢ЩַϵĲЦ⣬̾ƺ͹ַԼּĹϵǷĵ
ˣһ̤˳ȥʱʹ˴ӺֵϽĿƻأֱ̤ʥ̨֮ˣ׿䣬ղ塣
ʥ̨ĵһݣϣûж׿ʲô谭ǽϵԴ֮һǱڵ᲻߱ʥֻŲֱӳŵڶȥʥѪʥǵĿû׿аͣĽŲ˵ݡ
һ̣׿ĽŲ΢΢ͣƬ̣Ŀޱߣ·۾˽ɫǽüӳޱ񷣬ֲǿ־޷εѹĽŲȵ˵ݡ
׿ܲͻǰˡаֻ׿ĽŲ˵ĽݣһݣǼ꣬һϵĺ׿꣬ʹ궯ݣĬվǣҫͬŲ̩ɽ
Ȼվסˡһֻ׿΢΢ˣ˵ݣһݣֻҪ̤ʥ̨ζž߱˾ʥǱʡ
һ̾Ϣ֮쳹׿Ժ֮Уʥ˵̾Ϣһ̣޾Ĵѹϣʹ׿ŭһɣĵͷŶͷϿ˿µĽɫԲ̣̫Ҫҫۣɫ֮ⷽգһжҪûܹѵˡ
վסˣǿȺͫ΢΢£׿䣬崣˵֮ϣֻҪǰ̤ʥ̨
׿ĽŲ̧Ҫʥ̨ȥȺĶĿⲻ뿪׿㣬ڣ׿Ĳ˵Ҳ֮£һ̣׿ͬݰ㳯¿ȥأһȻĿ⣡


2002 ʥǱ
׿ס壬漴ƮȻأȻʱɫɳ컯԰ףɫ֣֮漴㿴ϥû֪ղǵڶʲôֻҪ̤ʥ̨
׿䶼ʧˣûܹ̤ʥ̨֪˭ͷ𾪣Ŀⶢ֮е׿䣬ֻ׿촽΢˵ʥ˵̾Ϣ
ʥ̾Ϣɫ΢漴ȫʥ̨׿ŵʥ̾Ϣ
ѵʥ֮
Ϊղ壬Ѿ߱ΪʥǱˣϧһ㣬ֻҪ׿ԺŬٶǿԼǱʣл̤߾ģΪʥʳŮӻ˵һʱ䣬˾˶ݵĳĬǿʥ̨Ѿ֮ǰָоˣһĨη֮⣬ʥ̨ʥǱʣʥ˵̾Ϣ
ХֻһȺǰƮһһֱ̤ʥ̨ǰ֮ϡ
Ŀ˸âʥݻʰһˣʾǿߣʥݵ۷ʵľߴɫʣճˣʰʵһսʥݣ¡
ܷߵղ׿һ
ȺаֻʱĳѾȵ̤˵һ֮ϣŲٶ̧𣬲˳ȥ
ڶݣʥѪʥǣɴɽ
ݣʥ־΢΢ͷǰµһִ·ˣҲΪ壬һǱҪĤݡ
Ľݣʥ꣬Ʒ֮·𣬳Ȼ
ĽˣǿȺɫһÿһ̤ɣǾоҲ΢΢̤ǰؽݣ·û̫Ѱ㣬һһɽȹ̡
ȻΪʥʾһˣ֪ݣܷվȣվȵĻͬ㣬ӵпǱʡаһĿȫڳϡ
ʱĽŲٶ̧ŵ̤˳ȥͬղ׿һһ̾ϢڳԺл죬һ̣Хһضձɫ·ڶҪƬ񷶼ûס
Хֹס˵֮ϣ͸ղ׿һֻʥ̨
վסˣҲ׿ģÿµ츳˾˵
֪ʵ׿Σ˿ڵ
츳ʵǲͬģ츳ֻ˵Ǳʴ󣬵սǲ׿ģֻ˵ӵʥǱʡҲ˿˵Ǽ츳ͬʵ̤ȥܵ϶ǲ̶ͬȵġ
һȹ̣ĽŲٶ̧һγǰֲ̤ĹŻ־µ˼£ûص㲻࣬϶·һµĹ⻷·һŻ
ˣض·һ̶
ۡƺһֻо·Ҫշѹѣһ֮ѹأײ꣬˶
߳ȥˣ߳˵ڶ׿仹ߵԶ֮оҵĲţȻڵ̤˵ڶղ׿һҲأǱѵ׿仹Ҫǿ
һ̾׿䶼۾ų˱̤һղһ޷ֵס֪һжôֲȻûģˡ
Ȼܿ׿Ŀٶȱϣȶ
ֻһˣһ󣬳ֱܹʥ̨ζѾ߱ʥǱʡȺ¶֮ɫʱĳ̧˽Ųǰʥ̨һ
һ̣ط·һƬһ̤Ц񷣬ϵĳۿ֮Ƹǹء
ˣһ
͡³Ѫɫ԰ףɫΪѿҵĲš
ַҲɫ΢䣬һ̾Ϣֱ֮Ժ죬һϵΰֱʴڣȸղŵѹǿ࣬ҪĤݵĴַ㣬ԵĽäԼƮѩָоһž޴ѹ
ʥ֮𣿡ַ૵һ·𲨶Ƭأ̤һ˫֣ȵվǣЩӰˣԶ
壬Ҹҿ϶һӵʣֻǱ˿˵
ȷƣƾԲ׿пĳ塣һͬ˵˷׷׵ͷǶֲͬ²⣬ʥݵʵһˣмĿӵʡ
ʱڳǰʥ̨ˣֻҪһ̤ʥ̨
ʥ̨ϣ᲻ỹֲֿȺаͣƬ̣漴Ų̤˳ȥʥ̨ڷ죬ϵû˿ļܶһڣĽŲվʥ̨ϣΪһ̤ʥ̨
һؼžʥǱʣȻʥǱʣʥݵѧԺŶĳҡ
ʥݣʥ˳𣿡аʥǱʵӵߣû뵽ǳ
ʥʳЩŮҲˣ̤ʥ̨ζ߱ʥǱʡ
Ҫˡ˿˵ʹòǳ߳ƵֻǴӵ伮֮л߳вܹ֪һЩ
һճҲֹһųӣɷôڹ㺮
ӵʥǱʲһܹΪʥֻ˵߱Ǳʶѣܷɾ;ߣҪԺͻԵ
Ѿ֤츳һҵҪʥǱʵжܷҿ⡣˿˵ս죬ﱻ鴦ʥǱʣսûκα֮⣬ûмʥǱʵ˲ԺûлΪʥӵʥǱʵҲһܹɾ;ߣҪϮȻҪĴۣʲôǱ츳Ҷ̤ڽ£ɾҵĵҵ·Ψˣ


2003 ʥ
ʥ̨ϣʱĳͬϹŵǣȻ֮ȴûа԰ֻǶǰֻʥ̨ϣȻһλĸ֣ξƣ̶ͬɣߣ֮š
ʲôȺһʥ̨ϾȻγ֣η·ԶһӲϣʥ֮Ρ
ڳ̤ʥ̨ų֣ѵʥ̨ʲôԶŵ𣡡
ʥΣԶŵʥʣʥˣ֮ϡ˿˵ʱȺĿ׷׳˵֮ȥһӵлϢ꣬˿̵¶𺳵ɫĶǳֵΡ
ʥ̨ʥ̨·һЩ
ô֪
ڻʳ֮пεĵǿһԶŵʯ֮ϣϹʥΣǰκκƣҲǴԶŵʥΡԭһʳĻӣŻ㾪𺳡
ĻȺĿ׷׳ʥʳŮȥֻɫ£ʥ̨ϣʱڲôƽˣΣ¶ɫ
ʥ̨ϣʥ֡
ʥ̨ϣĿޱȣǰʥΣ֮ͷţʥ̨յ㣬˿ܵѹֲ˼¡
ԣַ㿴ʥΣ̤ĽŲȻһ֮ƺһɫѪɾ֮أ˶о˿µѹµϢںХŲٶǰ̤˳ȥȻһ̣޷סź󷽻ȥһжͬ㳯ʥ̨¶ȥʹȺ¶һĨȻ֮С
ʧˣ̤ʥ̨ǣûܴǸ߸ϵʥΡ
ʱĳӰȵڵϣһʥ̨ϣĿޱ飬ʲôϵǹɰȻ֮Ҳ
ʧˡ
ʱ˵ͫ΢΢£ʥ̨ϣʥʧ
Ψ̤ʥ̨ʥβŻ֡а˵ֻӹ˿ʼʥ̨ĽݶȥгѪ֮⣬ܹ̤ʥ̨ʥ֣ǵȻҲҪԣվȥҲҪܵϵڼ̨ס
ЩˣûһΪԼˣĲ̤Ͻݣ֮Ĳ٣ɼֻŬУԼԼøɫڣҪ֪ﲻ㡣
ȻûܹƳķ̤ʥ̨ȻʧˣѾ֤Լܹ̤ʥ̨ζѾӵʥǱʣ׿Ƕûģǳˡ
öַ㿴ЩŭԼԵӰΪȣӵһݿʼʵѾǷǳѵĿˣʥǱʣɲô򵥵ģȻЩмﵽ׿ĳ̶ȣ̤˵֮ϣ͸Ű֮š
ȥԣַԵƮѩʵ
ұˣûʲôϣģҵǱȽڴܹкõı֣ҲҪ̤ϵĲݰɡƮѩ΢Ц˵
ɡַ㲻ÿɷ񣬴ʱֻһä˳ȥȻҲҪԣܹ̤ϵڼ㣬ȻäڵһݾЩ³һѪȻȴӲĳڶʥѪԼʥǵĿҲǼѣڵ֮ʱȴɽĲݣǶýäҡˣڼ˶ݵƬ֮󣬽äȻֵýˣ˹Ŀ࿴һϹӣһֻλ۷Ϲӣȴ˵ĲݣƺַһЩλ۷
ǰֲ̤˵Ĳݣһǹͻλʾ磬̤λ֮
飬ҪҪԣַĿ⿴Ե飬ʵ
ˣӦ̤ϵ㡣˵ʹַһ˿֮ɫ漴ЦҲ̤ʥ̨ء
Ҳȥҡͷַʼ磬Բǿ飬ӶЩ鶼Ȥ
ַ㣬ȥɣʥΡַȻһЦһַ֮Ӱ˸ʥ̨·
ַ㡣˿ַ㣬Ϊ⣬ַǶԻΪرģλ۷ľ磬ȴܹΪʥݵڶˣټϸղų𺳣ҲҪʥݻʰһԼڶ˵ĲΡ
ʥ̨ʾ磬˵ǷʥǱʣΪַܹ̤ϵڼݣ
ΪѪԼӦöû⣬ǰûѹܹܼ䣬־ҲסĲ꿼飬Ҳλһֹ˷˵ַΪ߿Ĳ㣬ɲôף˶£޷ȥ
ҲɣȻܹλܼ֮Ȼй̤֮ϵĲǱʣһ˿̤ϵҲ˵
֮ʱַĽŲѾ̤˵һ֮ϣһ̣һ͵ײʹ·ſ´㣬ȻĽŲȴûֱͣ˵ڶݡ
Ѫŭ𡢹죬·Ҳſֲѹʥ̨һεΰκһλ޷ܡ
ַͬɰ㣬ƾֲķ˴ȴԶᶯҡĽŲٶȳǰ̤˳ȥ˵ݡ
ˣֲѹ־ʹַԴʹһУ֮µһһֲֳֻĴҪ־׵Ĵݻٵ
Ȼȴ΢΢ͷƾϵѹ٣ȴûаĶҡͬ˰㣬ȶ˸е£Ŀֲ˺ɫϲħ⿪ʼ
ˣΪɣַʥʥǡʥѪԼʥⶼû⣬̤ϵĲѲ
˿ַ㲢δо̫뵽漴㿴ַ˵Ĳݣշѹͬ籩㣬ҪСշһ㲻ʣַоԼС·һˣֻʥ̨Ľ֮ϣܹܵ˾ѹȣʵ־Ŀ飬ӵһݾѾʼˣܹƾǿ־ͨһ͵ڶݡ
סˣȺɫ£ַ㣬ѾǳӽʥǱˣʥλͬСɡ
ַŲٶ̧֮ʱǣ˵ģַĲ˵ݣһ̣һԶŵ̾Ϣַ֮ԺεĴѹ͸ʱգ͸˹Ž޾ͬʱСϸûзء
Ȼַ㲻ʣܸΪϣֻͷȻ۹ħһֱҪʥ
ȻסˣȺоҵĲţַ̤˵㣬ʥݵˣǿ
ȻǾ̾ʱַĽŲȻֱ˳ȥ¡һļ䣬ǵԺεĴѹأײַ꣬߳˵ڶ
ȺַֻޱߣħͬԶŵħһ˵
ˡķ籩Ű͵첻ϣ̧ͷɫӲѿ·𲻸Ű㣬ַ㣬߳˵׿䶼޷飡


2004 
ɫ԰ףѪµѹƬؿռ䣬ǵԺкҲʥ˵̾Ϣ֮·Զŵ̾Ϣ
ٿַ㣬̤֮Ⱥо·ʱɢȻǿƯȴȵפǣƫûԸûжҡֺǰʥ̨
ַ㣬ҲȥôȺĿ¶֮⣬գѵʥݵˣΪԵǣһ̤ʥ̨
ַ֮ǰΨгһʥַ̨ͳԶʥݡ
֮ǰûܹ뵽ַ㣬Ϊ֮ĵڶˣߵһṳ̂ʥ̨Ҳ˳û顣
ͳһַҲ̧˽Ų̤ʥ̨ϣһƬţַ㣬ɹˣ̳֮һʥǱʵţڵַ㣬߱δΪʥֻҪԺǰУл̤ϵľ硣
̫ˣû뵽ʥݵ˶ȥˡ
ַ츳Ȼÿ£֮ǰ͹ܹܷＧ䣬Ǽַпֲ츳Ҳ޷̤ʥ̨
඼Ѿȥ֪ʥ̨ĿֲַܹվߴԲżȻƾ츳һȥġ
ַվʥ̨ϣ֪ղųٵѹжôĿ£Ѿǵһѹеѹ·һ뽵ٶѹѪ⣬Ľǣݻ꣬Ҫ
ʥ̨ϣʥλ֣ףʥ֮Σ޾Զ֮ϢַĿ⿴ʥΣ·ǻŵİ㣬ӵһ
ʥ֮ʥ˵Ӻζַ㿪˵Ե漴ĽŲǰ̤
һ̾Ϣ֮ҪȥԶŵʱʹܵС;̾Ϣ˶棬УȻΰޱȣͬһһȻΨԼ̾ϢѹСĿռ֮УţֻҪϷʱܻлΣڲѪڶĵ⣬·Ҫڡ
ʥ֮ôַ૵Ŀ⿴ǰʥΣ̾Ϣ֮·жټʥַ̨ĸоǣ
ʥ֮ʥ֮̾Ϣ
ַĽŲһ̤˳ȥӭǹɿµķ籩ʥ˵̾Ϣ֮ᴩҪϵһ˿եַӿµħͬħ𣬿ֲĵĲʥҲ޷ѹļ
ǾʥԽԽַ㣬еԸӣ˳û飬ʱǲ˱ǹؼѹѹȵѪȴ·δ㣬Ŀַ㡣
̤˼ַ̧Ųٶǰ˳ȥ
ˡؼ·쳹Ƭն·΢΢£͵첻ϣ˿Ѫ嶼ѹſɫ԰ףϿ֮أǬ·Ҫѹ
÷ļһĿⶢʥ̨ϵַ㣬ҲϹ֪ж£Ҫֵ֣ܹסڳ￴ô
Զŵϼһ̾Ϣ֮ɣʥ̨ʥ˵졣￪˵ʹΧ֮󺧣Ŀâ˸
ʥ֮ﵭĮ˵ˡһ̾Ϣ֮ᴩÿһ˵壬ܶ˽ɫ԰ףЩвܵشһĹ·ûֹ㡣
ˣȺַ㣬ĽŲ¡
һѪշɽ֮Уһ̣ʥ˵̾ϢϻڶĤ֮УȺ㶼̧ͷ¶ɫ
ʥ֮ʥ֮
нԶޱ𺳣ַ㣬ʥ˻̾Ϣϣع
ַңһβԼ⣬ı弴ѪҪѣҪٵ·ֻһ֮ʥ˵̾Ϣ֮ϻصԺ֮УòϢ֮ʱַ·ҪǷ·𶼽ҪģΨʥ֮κˡ
ַ㽥ʧȥ˾Եİ֮УְһҪĻ
ְ˲仯㣬·˺ܾһַǹһĨЦ⣬
֮ξ
ʥ֮
ԶŵʥΣοֻһ̾ϢǿʥҲǳĴڡ
ַûоûηĽŲ̤˳ȥһƽ·ûκε㡣
Ҳһ̣ʥضЩе¶پɫڸܵ˺νʥԶŵ̾Ϣ֮·𶼲ḯ㣬ѹ
ˣַһ£ʥ˷һ̾ϢʹòѪϴ֮ڻָƽƲƼհ㡣
˷·һѣٺû뵽ʥ̨ôֲĲַ㣬Ȼ˿µ澰ʥ
̧ͷǵĿ׷׳ʥ̨ȥʱַ㣬վʥǰףַ㡣
û뵽츳ǿ֮ˣַ㡣˰̾һȻΪ⣬ַʵԲǿģ̤ʥ̨յ㣬ʥǰַ֤츳Ǳǳ£֮ϡ
ʥʵܼ䣬̤ʥ̨ԺʥսѧԺҪˡ
˿˳һۣ漴Цʵղ˵ʥ֮Ǻ⣿
ʥ̨Զʱʥ˵ɣһΪʥ˵ڶΪʥ˵Ѫʥ˵־Сﻺ˵Ļ¶𾪵ɫ²ô󵨣ȻǾо΢΢ţƺĻпܡ
ʥأ˶ųʵȻʥ̨ʥ죬ôʥΣȻҲǡ
ʥ˵ꡣﵭ˵ʹȺͷ΢΢һĿٶַ㣬ַֻ㱳ǣ·øĸߴȴվһֱĬţƹãַŻתӶ壬ʥΣʥ˵ΣߵΡ
¡¡һ̣ضȻҵĲţͬ˵㡣
ô£Ⱥɫ󺧣Ƭ죬·ضҪ̮
һ̣ЩʥʳŮһ¶˼ɫǵضţ漴ǵϥ˵ϣʥ̨ķ
һ̣ʥʳ֮УһɹɿֲϢѹأ
һ̣ʥʳڶ


2005 Զ֮ս
ȺϵĶţЩһĿ⿴ʥ̨ϵַ㣬˿û뵽Ψһʥ̨ʥ֮ˣȻַ㣬ʮ֮ЩҲǿߡ
ڸʲôע⵽ʥʳ֮ˣЩ˾ϥأʥ̨ķʥΣʥʳԣζʲôǷʲôУңʥʳʥ̨ʶ˵ʥ̨ǷУ
ֲѹӶƬ֮УֻƬɾ֮أ֮ͻأǿӰЩһϢȵ˼£еƶ˸еľ
ֻһĿһɨˣƽ˵ʥʳλǰһۣ㵽˽ˣλȥɡ
ô
Ⱥɫ˸¶Ŀ⣬ַʥΣʥʳʼͣ뿪ʱǵлвṳ̂ʥ̨һԣвɵΪƣҪַһ²ܣĻʥʳҲôĶˣʥʳһﶼһֹԲ˶
ˡȻʥʳ˵ǿһʥ֮ϵַ󣬱˸ȥ
ƮѩδȥֻʱƮѩеǿ˵ǰַͻʳĹͣǱɡ
ƮѩѾͷɷģʥʳͻʳˣȻȥģҪһʱǱȻذɡʥʳ֪֮Ʈѩ뷨˵ֻƮѩɫ˸Щġ
ɡֻ黺˵ʥʳǿ߿飬ʲôϵ
ӣַģġƽ˵
Ǻã°ɡǿƽڡ
飬Сĵ㡣ֶһ΢΢ͷ漴ƮѩͺҲһȥʥʳҪַʲô飬Ҳ޷ֹȻʥʳô޳ܣҲô
ʱַ΢գʥεһɲǣ˼㴩Խʱգ·Զŵʱ
õ壬վԶʱ֮УһϹŵĻʳׯϵơӵĳأһѾ̮ɲĹϽ·ߵϢĿģĴǷһƬ
ʥʥ棬ǹͬάϵʥʥڣʥɣǬһƮ֮ƮַԺ֮У·˵һϵĴ˵ͬǲǰ쳹Ժе̾Ϣ֮һ͸˿˿˸֮ϢƺеЩΪʥ˥е
ʱַǰǹޱȵʥ֮⣬һǿڣЩڽɱѣǬһָɨգһȭһռ䣬ּ˸е
ͨЩͨδַͷ΢΢ţһλϵǿߺһȭһȭ·ʮֱ仯ÿһֱ仯һֲֿɱУѣΪһ壬žĿ֮ͨ˵֮
ȻַܲϢҲǿµֻ֮ܿһеķΪһԹߡ
ʥ棬ìܲϣȴάϵʥ࣬Źͬļ֣ʥһֱһ½֮ϣȻһվĳֶƣ֮ˣ׷ļ£ʥҲ⣬ǻûߵյ㣬̫ʥ˶ȹһյ£ۼ޷ƼΪǿڣµĥǸеռšʹ࣬ǿһɳǷ·Ψһο
ַ·һϵĹ°㣬ǴŲɣ֮˵Ҳһֹ¼֮Уʥӵ޾£ǲĴڣǾһһãԼȴ޷ǰ̤һȷеһֱ
νġĳ֣ʲô
һжıˣʥϣȻȴҲʥһԨìڼǿʥ˴˼䲻Σֱʥ֮ս˶๥α˴˵ĴڣֻΪƿԼУһûʤߵսԶŵʥΪ޾ʥҲߵ˾ͷǲٹ¼ţƺõ˽ѣȻǿ־ֳޣʶԼˡ
һ̾ϢַԺ֮ԶŵĹúĴǺϣʥڻĴս֮ڻˣǷżúܹٶšһɣʥˣȻǵԸվˡ
ʥ֪ǵĻѾ޷ıʥĽ壬ǹͬٵԶʥҲֻвʥܹˣʥΪһʲôʥż֮⣬бĹżͬ˿ڵĵطʥ̨Ϊµż֪ȵ꣬ή٣ż
ַ˻Ȼżԭˣѹʥ̨֮ʱоԼԵһλʥ˴ڣˡ
ʥ̨ҵҵѪ⡢ҵͶɣΨеҵʥ֮ϣܹƬռ䣬ĿⳡԶŵʥ֮սʸĿⳡʥ֮սΪܵ㣬ҲΪһʥһ㣬ԼҲӲɣҲ߲
Ҳ֪ǷҵĺˣʥһǷ񻹱ţȻʥʳĲڣͬĻԵϣлʥһܹշʥһȻá
ٶȴʹַапʥЩϵżпܶʥĹż
ЩżҪ츳ܹΪʥ˵츳
ˣⳡսӡļ֮Уúø򣬶ңڡһ֮漴ַо޾Զսʼ嵱УһַԴ·ҪըѰ㣬岻ϵĲ
磬ʥʳǿĿǰһУȻյʥ֮ս̫󣬲ʥ䣬ЩǿĺҲһЩϵżҲ棬֮ʥһʱû䣬ֱŻָԪվûܿٳԶʥʱڵĻԻͣʥ̨ʥʳԹ޷õڵϿɣо̤ʥ̨޷ʥ֮ϡ
û뵽죬һˣˣ


2006 ʳʥ
ʥ̨ʼַ֮ʱâţµʥβȻһâʥԼʥ̨ȫΣ·ûдڹһ
һĻʹʥʳ֮ͫ׾㶼£ЩϹＶļһɫΪѿ˵ʥʳûܹʥ֮ϣȻʥ̨ܼʥʳһ֮˵츳Ǿص˭ȻһһнԶɢʥ̨Ӵʧʷ֮Уżڡ
ʥɣѪʥ̨ҲʧˡַȻһô£ʥԼѪһʥ̨ΪıΪⳡսԼУƬĿռ䣬õЩ䣬ʥ˱Ҳʧ
õʲôʱһֻһµĿַ֮ϣŭֻ֪ʥ̨żпĴУǣǸַ֪ղʥϷʲôֻȥ²⡣
ʥʳԶʥҼˡַ̧ͷеǿߣƽ
ʥʳǿɫȻͷſֲ⣬һַֻоԼһѹ֣·ʱܻ㡣
õʲôǵٶ
ʥʳԶʥʥսĳҲ֪ʥȻѡַٶȿ˵һ̣жȻһĬʥʳԪϷĿַ㣬ַʼƽЩˡ
ƹã˲ٶȿ˵ʥʳ꣬δ̤ϹʥΣʥʳܳʥֻһ֮ңԹһ񣬽սʥ֮ᣬǰ˵һΪǿ½ŵ츳ͬʱҲһƲʵʵϣûܹʥʳû飬ֻһ룬Լû뵽ʵڵʵʱЩ֪룬֪δ㡣
ܹ⡣ַ΢΢ͷƽ
֮ǰǶЦԵܹǱΪʥʳȻȴҪõһжΪʥʳʥӵеġǿƽȻȴһԵЩľҲܹԷǣվַĽǶȣȴܽܡ
ǰյľأַʵ
ǿ߿ַ㣬ĬƬ̣ʹЩѹ֣˫ָǽգΧĿռ·Ϊ˪
ʥʳһû飬ˣҲʥʳʥˣɱһУƺǶĲңȻܹʥʳû飬ζ츳δĳɾͣӹɽΪʥڣʥʳҲһܹһʥ
˵֮ʱʥʳǿ߶ƽţûһ飬ƺѾй㡣
˿ԷĻѾǲᶯַˡ
ԣҾȡ䣬Ϊʥʳʥӣᶯ㣬෴ΪļǿܣΪƽɾʥĵ·ȻҲҪӦһ˻˵
ʲôַʵɺƽ
һʥʳѡܳŮˣ㣬Ҫһããʥʳ㽫յõĴиãʥʳŮˣҪ벻Ҫ޹أҪãҪǲǿ
ƽ˵ţʹַɫ΢£Է뷨ʥʳģǱɱǳΪĺܣδʥ˵һϵߣҪʥʳŮãһý̳츳ҲʥʳѪˣһȻһǵòʲôһʥʳõҪõģһԼʥʳͬѪҽõյõĴС
ַ㲻òԷʥʳԾģһλʥʳΪܳŮҲϧֻΪѪ
ַֻüͷ΢΢ţһҪԲ֣˵ֻкô˫ӮģܵõһλŮʥʳΪĺܣͬýΪʥʳδ˵ġ
ӦˡʱһַĿһ
顣ַ㿴ղŵĻ˵ġ
ַ㣬Ӧˡ鿪˵ȻҲַûа㻵෴ַܾ޷Ԥʥʳַ̬ȻΡ
ʥʳǿ߿飬΢΢ףַ츳ӹɣܹӵӣҲĸˣȻˣʥʳΪѣֻҪãȢҡ
ͬ⡣˵ͷ
ãһѡʥʳŮӣңò赣ģַԸԼѡҲԡʥʳǿ˵
ǲûеڶѡ񣿡ַʵ
ӦףʥʳµĴУұҪΪʥʳǣţѾõģκһѡ񣬶ô
ַĬ£漴˵ͷظ֮ˣƺȷûеڶ·ߡ
ʥӡ߼ַͷɵúһ
̼䣬˹һЩǰﶼַ΢΢Ƿʥӣ
ַĿɨеӰƽĵҿ뿪𣿡
ѾʥʳʥӣλԽӹȻȥ磬õ֮ϮĵλΪʥӡ
иǡַƽ˵˸ٵߣ֣˸ȥ
뿪ʥʳ˸ַ֡
ַ㣬㲻ؽģܹʥʳΪĺܣǺ¡Цŵ
֪ʥʳǷҵĺܣҲġַ㿴顣
⡣Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ͣǳЦˣĲ
ַָգ΢ЦŵҵĵһӣһǺġ
ַĻ΢һĨΣӣǡ
ַȻͻʳȻֻͣƬ̣Ʈѩ̽㺮Ϣ֮ǰ˵ģȻû뵽̤ʥ̨֮󣬱ûлˣƮѩǵ֪㺮˴ܵ˹ʳʥ
֪Ϣַ֮㿪ʼǰʳƮѩҲַͬһ
ʳΪϵһʳǺǿңʳԳΪŮأʳŮΪ࣬ʥʳ棬ȻʳǿƮѩȴûаɣַ֪Ҫʲôַ֮ͬһˣϾһʵЩ


2007 ǿ°
ַƮѩٹʳ˼ǰУֻƮѩͻʳƮѩʥһ档
ƮѩɡŮӵҲΪ˵漴̤ʳ֮Уͬʱһһ˸ȥȥͨʳʥˡ
ŮַƮѩһ֮Ϣ߾пһɽڣɽ֮Ȫˮ£µȪˮ۳ɳأַǳˮһˣмϢ̨ͤͬλ֮ذ㣬ű£ҡҷ
λϢƬ̣ʥӦûġ
鷳ˡƮѩ˵
ұиˡǳЦ£漴ȥ
ͻʳʥӻʥ𣿡ַƮѩһ
ûУδʥʥӻʥ֮λˡƮѩ΢Цŵʹַͷ΢ʲô
ʳڲͬһֱʥ֮λֻһλĳƺʥֻ߹ʥŮ˷ǱѰƮѩ˵ʹַ΢΢ͷʳĻӹͶѾǷǳˣʳʥȻ
ַ㣬ʥʳʲôƮѩַ㣬ЦʵȻǲ˵Ļ͵û˵
ûʲôģʥ̨ʥ֮󣬿ԶŵսҵõʥʳϿɣǳΪʥӡַƽ˵ʹƮѩɫһɫƺЩŹ֡
İɣȻͻʳ˴ؾվͬһսߵġַЦ˵ʹƮѩɫ΢ɳû뵽ַѾΪʥʳʥˣַʥʳҲ޻˵ģϾѿ˵ַ㱾Ϊʥʳһӡ
ƮѩǰĲ֪ͨһֻһƮַ̧֮ͷȥ㿴Ӱ֣Զ˼ɫЩȻǹ㺮ӣԼĶУΪ׵Ůò˿ѷЩӣǳǹʥŮ
λַɣ˵ղ̤ʥ̨ʥΣ츳һʱ޶ʤţһȻʥŮ΢Ц˵ΪѺãȻַĿȴģʥŮˡðǰ˵أ˵ġ
ŶˡʥŮʵ
ַĿתϣߣ
ģʥŮĿҲģַҵ˱ˡ
ֻʱ麮ĮͫûаУַѶ飬֮ңˡʶ
飬ԲȻػҪ֮ƿأԸΪģĵҲϧַŲ̤һɿֲϢʹùʥŮüַ㣬ҹʳ㺮ҵĹͣôƺʰɣ
ҵŮˣҼ£͹޹أǹҪ֣Ҳ֣Ȼǹʳַ֣˵ֱȥȻʸҼ£ǵˡ
ַƽŲǰʥŮһв𣿡
ΪǱǰɡַ㵭˵Ųֱ̤ˡ
ʥԼĮ˵ϲޱͬĺ䡣
ֻ˸ڿնַŲ̤ͬգġ
ҵҪػ㸴գɾ֮ʵжǿַһ̤𵴣Ӱ˲Ϣǰһȭֱӱµʹշ졣
ɱ飬ַֻоҪѪҪ䣬黯˿꣬ͬɱʹ𵴣⣬ػ˿ֱ꣬Ӵ͸ַʹַ鶯飬ҪĨ
ײĽƮȻˣַȴо⴩͸ͬε˿ӰΣǲʵʵĹĹ
ôѹ֣ôЩ⣬а飬ػʣгһҪΪͣ麣ַ˷·ҲҪܵȾ飬·Ҫҵ־ܲʳ
ܣǿң·Ҫͨأ
飬֮Ǵ֮˵֮У·籩ַ˷·𲻶ϱᴩҡڲԶˡ
Ȼʱַ㴦ڵ֮УĿƽ˫ڵԽ䣬·Ҫݽȥ͸Է
飬ƨԣΪ֮ˣ飬Ϊ㽫Ǿʥ鶼ʲôֹܹ㣬㱻飬̸ȻѹԼȥɾ飬ѵķʽȥĵĴЩӡĵȻ֮⡢Ȼɲ˴˵ǿӸġ
ַ͸ĵԺ֮лصⶼ΢һ˿ҡ
ԱߵĹʥŮַԵۣ֮ͷ̲ס΢΢£ȻѹԼУѷʽȥȻĵ޷򣬽ӡûõĵǵһô󵨵ۣȻȴмз·ַܹԵ̡֮֮
ģΪҲϧϼ壬Ը𣿡ַͬħһ͸ĵԺҪӡԺ֮Уɢ
ɻǵã˻֮أΪ飬Ҫ֮նΪƽ·
ħɣȺ·оڶҡĶԵĸַȻͬһ棬޷Ըַ㣬ַ㶯ҡġ
ַŲϽӽģ飬ܱ飬ַŮˣģҪ㣬ұĵ
ֲ֮ĵԺҡĵġ
ַӽĳ˦ֺ޾齣ŭХɱֿµ齣ܹն˵顣
ַƻӶֱ齣ϣʹַȻ٣硣
ңҪַֿ㱬һֻоһŨԺ֮Уʹ˵ֿ漴ַֻ㽫§ڻУͬһ쫷˸ȥƮѩߡ
㺮˼ַ㾹°ɫ㶼һͬʱƮȻҪ赲ַ㡣
סɱַ㱬һֱһӡɱǰط·Ҫ㺮ӸַܵϢ׷ױˣ·Ƭռ䶼档
ַԶȥʥŮַȥӰĿ˸һﵹǰԵѵͲ¹㺮ı㺮ǷǳĿ¡
ʥǸˡƮѩŹʥŮ΢Ц£漴Ҳַȥķ׷ȥǰԶȥӰҪ㣬ұĵ


2008 ʥ컯
ַ㽫Ĵߣֱӻصͻʳ
ʱУĿΧĳɫӲ漴ǰַ
ҵ硣ַƽ
ΣտһƬΧޡ
֪㲢ֻ̥ǵ̥ܻ㲢ȫĸ壬ػӰ㣬һػʣҲߣֱػϵӡȫĨȥ֮ġ
ַ㻺˵漴ֻƳջӶʱ֮У̨죬ʮһ֣ߴһǣȻסĹ
ַֻ̼һƲ֮ĳǱ߶ȥһƼ䣬ǹ֮ϣĵӰˡ
ַתٶȻ֣Ǽ治֮סԺ䣬䲻ӿ֣ַÿҪϷ֮ʱڷдս龰ַòÿζսܣһĻĻϵ֡
תַٻ֣Ļڿգַ㡢顢ģˮϷɽ컣ʵС硣
ַ֣㴳ϼնԯǿ֮澰֡
ַ㲻ϻ֣ദһĻĻϵ֣ڿգĵм䣬Ŀ⿴һ򣬶ϤһĻĻӡԺ֮УſţĵĶҡ΢΢š
ˡȴػʣҪնĵ飬飬Ըַ㻺˵֮ʱֵӰǹ㺮֮⣬ַһɱ龰ַеľʹ࣬һ׶ĵʹĵ۽Ǿһڻ¡
ˣɻģաַЦŲĳȥĿַ㣬˷ֱַӽֱӱڻУʹĵݺݵĲ£ĶҡøΪ
ģԺҡַ˫ĵļֱᡣ
һ֮ŶַӰˣ漴ƬռĽŲֱ˳ȥģرģ㣬ػʣϵӡĨɱն顣
£ַӰһƬռʧֻĻ¼˵ĵεΣĿſţ建˵ϣĿ˸ʱڷӲĳ¶һĨЦ
ַ߳Ƭռ֮󣬱˼⣬Լѩ¹֮УַϥԺнһռ䣬Զŵսַһλʥ˵սֶΣȭâ·һʥ飬ȡ컯ÿһʥ鶼ӵƻ϶ɣĿ֮ͨ
ʥ컯ܻͨôһΨңΪʥ飬֮ˣ֮ʥ飬컯֮ȻϣϹַ૵ʥ컯񹦱ʥʳʥ죬ѪԾ裬λʥеһУԶʥ飬ӵģ㽫϶ɣ۳Լ컯ʥ飬컯ӵϵܹǧ컯ʥͬʱ֮컯Ƭص컯˽Աƿأ£ɱ졣
ʥʥ·Դͨžӵصַ̤ʥ̨ʥΣԶʥ֮սõʥʳ컯ʥ˵衣
ЩԶŵʥÿ¡ַǰսʥ֮սս֮˶ԣǿҲѹʥʳĶκε۾ǿ֪ӵʥսļ䣬һЩ뷨ɡ
ʥ֮УһλµĽޣҶ֮һնɱʱ·ڵˣЩϵͨ˱ܣΨĽ߱죬ǿ󵽺˵ĵزʥĽ֮ʱΪļɵԶʥˣɼĽжôĿ£һնɱҡʱ⣬£ⶼǳԽ
ַصĴսĿ¶˼ɫʥ컯񹦣Ҫʥ飬ʲôʥ顣
ʥʳʥˣӵǧС컯ʥ飬һʮʥ飬϶ɵĹŽ񣬲֪жôĿֲ
컯ʥ飬ɴӽ֣ϵ֮֮ͨʥ飬컯ϳĽɱСַеǰ侳֮ʱںϣ֮ɱ˶Ȼ̤ʾ֮󣬲ͬںϣʥ컯ƺΪṩܹٶŽ֮â
Ӵ֮⣬ĸϵʥʥ飬ħʥ顢ʥ飬ʥܻɱΪ컯ʥ飬ϳΪͨؽӵп
Щգַ㿪ʼһʱյıչʥеͨ
Ȼ磬ȴ˷츲صı仯Ž治ϣǰͻʳҪַսַ̤ʥ̨ʥεϢѾŽҪ츳ǿַǷʵҲ츳һҪӵʥǱʵ̤ڽ³ɾǵ̳ǵĵ
ͬʱʥʳ֮Уֻһŷ֮Уɴɫľ޴ݸΣֻһλʳǿߣ֮˵ʵѡˣ㣬Ϊҹʥ嵮ĺˣҲµ츳
洫һ֮ҴӦǵʱ򣬿ûŵ飬ʧ
ֺαءʳǿɲϷӰ츳̤ʥʳʥ̨ʥΣ츳ʥʳδòʣ¹ϣͣѵõĺжʥλ֮˷Ｇ䣬ҵõʥʮɵܶŮ붼ûлģΪʥ˵ĴڣŮ˲û㡣
䣬ûаС
ٿ°ɣٹһʱգһҪ𰸣ڴַ㵮á˵ţĳȥȻʱĻ֮еӰȻ£ȵȣ
ôıˣʥʳǿʵ
˵ʲô֣вȻġ
ַ㣬ʥսѧԺַ㡣߿˵


2009 ʮʥ
֮УϢ򷨣ʹַܵķǿᵽ£·ҪڵһȻ˿ַֻͷճһ貵˽һֱַ˿̽ϴһ⻪£ɾӡ
ݣַֻ΢Цʥʳʥʥ飬飬ΪͼС컯ʥɡ
˵գַһָʱֱֲӴ͸
ַһʱֽ⣬Ʈ֮У貶ĿŸֲͬɫ⡣
ַֻ˫ӡϴڽ֮ϣ̼䣬пֲķӿ򽣻꣬ÿһٶȻ۳ɹŽؼķС컯ʥ컯ַ֮޷ǵزط۶ɵĽʵ飬ֹ
Ρءࡢħ׵硢桢硢ռ䡢䡢ɡġӴ֮ǲΪʥַ֮૵һЩȻţû֮޽ɽ¶ڷط·Զֹһ
ַ֮㲢δֹֻͣһħԺ߳ſڣħ֮ͬһԶŵĹ˰㣬ͬɾһС컯ʥ㣬ʥʳĹʥӵǧС컯ʥ飬һʮ컯ʥ飬ϳΪأҪʥ鹥֮б̺˴ĹһУΪɱУַԣǿʼ
ַԺ֮Уһ֣ݱҹϼʢҲַǰַǿ꣬ҲܹΪַ컯ʥ顣
⽣ԼһӰַ֮ӿֲֿϢȻ佫ΧնУַֻ建֮У컯񹦣âҫĿ˶嶼·Ҫ͸֮ɫΨһ컯֮ҫأ׼С컯ʥ顣
ַ֮Ժ֮гΧһеӰֻ΢մŹʣʥ֮Ȼһ֮Ļʥ顢Ϲҫ׵ʥ顢ɫâҫĿʥȵȡʮ𽣵ʥ㶼ϢɾʥΣ·ӵ㣬ʥʳʥ濪ٵǿ·ַ䴫Уȡʥ龫裬ϤΪһʥ顣
ʮĽħ񡢽ɾַĶʮʥ顣
Զŵʥȷʵǿᣬܹ칦ﶼ壬ʥ飬Ȼõ棬ַаĿգ컯컯ʥ顣
ַķңͬһһĻĻϵ⣬ҪĨɱϵ
һգַֹͣУʮʥûڣ̧ͷ㿴ڹ֮£·Զҡ
һַ㽵ߣַֻȻһЦ
ˣ
ʥ˴ʥ龫裬ܹҵʥ飬ȷʵһضǿ䣬ԺԼĸ۳ʥʥܻؽֲַ΢Ц
㻹ЩŬ˵ʱַѾ£§ϸ֫˫ִӺ潫ס
ַ§飬΢΢ҧסĶ䣬ʹ΢΢¡
׼Ⱥӡַ˵ʹɫ˲͸ʥǺߵ˿һ۱ƮȻɡ
ֻ龪һַֻһѽЦŵ߿ȥ
ַЦ齫ԴַĻУǴ˿̱˿ӽε飬Ȼ
ַ㽫鱧뷿֮У漴㽫Ĵ֮ϣ˿ͬˮ߰ǣ֮˴ߣƺţʹַ㶼оһ棬֮ʱˡ
ѹȥַ㿴ڻЦ飬Ժǵĺӣʲô֣
˵㡣ϸϣš
Ǳҳɡַ㻵Ц£漴˲һһ꣬

ʥؾʱ佥Ľӽͻʳ֮Уջʳʥʽӽͻʳϵǿߣϵﹲʥһۡ
ʱͻʳʥʵ׳Ǿʮؽݷ̤˴ɸһ嫹ĵشѾںϯַ˽ٵʱȺҲˣȻǲδϯվţȴʥʽ٣ͻʳʥΪЩ˵ǰȻɶʥʱʾӦеء
ַ㡣
ַ㽵ٵɲǣһĿⶸȻַϣս
ʥʳһַ֮֮ϯʥû˲֪ʱƼŶˣһλǣֻ̤ʥ̨һΪʥݳһͬΪʥ֮ˣַ㡣
ңַ㲻̤ʥ̨ʥΣʥʳ£һʱ޶ȥ˵˶ַ㽻սһַսΣδ֮˸вԣҪַ̤֤ǵ֮Ͼǵδȥ֪ʥ̨֮ѣΪԼ̤ȥⲢԴ󣬶ǿ߸еţ˵ţԼԼܹʲôš
ַ㣬һսδʹ죬ֻ߳ɹлսһʱţַ
ַ̧ͷһۣЦսԵ㡣
ҲҪΪ츳һ˵ַ㣬ж
ϣս츳Ҳһǿ󣬷ûô˼ˡ˽Զַ㣬ս֮ǿҡ
ˣʥˡʱȺĿ⳯ʥʵȥֻӰ̤ʥʺһŮ߳ʥʺӺݻ󣬿ƼΪᣬζʮ㣬ɼȻΪǿ꼶̫󣬲ܱഺݡ
ʥԼʥʺλͬǹɫ㣬ʥһƮѩĸס
ͻʳʥʺεŮȻҪǳɫģƯҪ츳ףܴõѪú츳ǿ
ʥʡʥʺʥ˶ǰʥʼ΢΢ֻʥԼ˽ԶЦˣλͻʳҡ
ɣؿʥЦŻ˻֣ʱλַ˷׷ǰΪȺƮѩַһѧԺ֮˺һλһ𣬻бǼʥǿ϶ɵݣͬһ˴˴ͻʳɾ̤ʥؾ


2010 ػ֮ŭ
ַһλӣŵĻʵϣźͿ䲻ľԶʱڱ㴫Ĺϻʳһ縺Ÿ˻ʳʹÿһˣÿһʥҲȻãл츳׿ĺ
ʥ֮ӣʥ֮ͬˣǵҲͬΪӣһУΪ˻ʳǿһʳǷǳӴģҪӱվڻʳȨģȻҪųƮѩǰλӽͻʳ̤ʥؾ֮УȻŹ˵츳ʵ縺Ŵ˴εĲʹ
λ£ӡǳӡѩʥʷֱָˣѩԲ˵ӺѧԺ֮ΪһɣӺЩʥǿһɣѩַǣңӹַַһ˿ߣӵλʥλģӺѧԺһɵԺѩڶ棬ƺӵĵλҪһЩ
ңʥʽ֮ʱҲǰ˵ⲢһζŵλߵͣĳЩϣǴһġ
ԺλʿͬҶսʥؾȸлλˣϣλܹͻʳСһദ졣ʥʻǳҲ˵Ҫַǣ˵ַ˸ԷǷʥҲְһֱЩõĹϵһ뵽Щĺ
ʥһƽ˵ʥ΢Цŵ˵ͷλȾƣҾλһ
˷׷׾ٱʥʷ¾ƱĿϣϴż򵥸ɾȳ޳Ȼ۾ȴ͸ŽĹâһֱ˵ӸУ
ꯣı֮Ƿ룬ɱ֮ˡʥʺЦ˵
гһд˾ǳʥˡƽЦ
ĪҪǫ飬ղ׿䣬нϵԴȻҪһսʤ֮ʥ΢Ц˵꯲ÿɷҲͺųƹǿޱȵĽղ׿һԡ
ţͷţҲǼΪ˰ɡʥֿѧԺǿ߷ţЦŵʹȺףǱߵΪӦꯣΪţ
ʥַֿ㣬΢Цַ㣬Ĵʥ˲֪Ҳ˵λܷ֮䣬ǰʱʥʳΨͳ̤ʥ̨ңʥ֮ˣΨһ˶ѣΨҶ֮ţʥſǶսһܡ
ַ㵭ȻЦʥʼ仰㲻⽫˶¡
츳츳ʥ̨ԶżҲǹʥ˵żܹ̤ȥѾ֤츳֮ǿԺǰ;ɳԽұΪʥڡʥ΢Ц
ϣһհɡַƽӦһϲޱꡣ
һģλǰһλſʶһ£ߣʥؾ֮£ʥؾǹʥַ磬ҲԶʱʥ֮սżʥµżҲʥʳһ㼣ԶʱھѲ֪жã˽ȥҲԶ棬ʲô޴ӵ֪ȻƵأҲ˵żΣ˵һеˣǲΣϣλܹεšһɣͬԵˣΨܻǿõô
ࡢѩˣҪס㡣ʥʶ˿˵ַ¶˼֮ɫʥ˷ΪϵŽᣬ໥ƺ⣬Ҳʳ֮£֮ĹϵܱеĻҪӡ
ʳĻӹϵΣַ㴫ʵҪ˽Ҳðˣؾ֪ᷢʲô
ʳӹǷǳпģǺΣһʳͬһ㣬ǿʳûʥӻʥĻʳˡƮѩҲûַ㣬ƽ
ô˵ˣӺͳӺпܻᵶ򡣡ַ㴫ʵ
ǵģʥǣһ¶ԵУ֮䷢ͻϵһƺ⣬ǶƮѩӦʹַ˻ʳϵλӹӴԭˣɣǳԣǲĻܿϵﶼᱻһ£
ڵʥؾ֮ദҽλˣֻףλ˳ϣԶŵżʥٶȶ˾ٱͬһ漴һҲûʲô̫Ҫ飬ҪΪ˱һ̬ȡ
ַ֮˱ԷأʼΪʥؾ׼ˣַһֱ״̬еһѹҲ˵ͻʳţѷˣʵ֮仹Ҫǿ󼸷֣ߵꯣʥޱ֮۷׿սһʤʣɼ꯿ܱȷţǿνؾٵ֣֮ͬǿһˣòԼʵһЩ
ɶԴƬռ֮Уʱַ㲽һռ䣬Եķʱںһ壬ֻʱϯضڵϣǷϣô˼죬оεս
ַǰʱ΢΢ͷΪ㲣¶ӵɫ
ġַ΢΢£˫ĵգ΢ЦԵģģַŮˡ
նϣҡͷĿ¶ʹɫ
Ұ㡣ַ㽫ĵ建ķŵȥ漴˳ѹ˹ȥʹͫ΢΢һɫ԰ףҡͷԡ
˵ţ··ͬһ˵۾
ַŮˣԶǣкβԵġַ˫ץĵֱۣ漴ĵĴ䣬̽ȥ
һĮȶȻȴ͵첻ϣ·˺ѵ
֮ĵĲеĲλݲţĺ궼ھʹĿʣ֪룬ȻĸоҪڻ۾յһĻĻķ֮⣬ʧȥַֿݲС
Ϊ˷࣬һɢĽڵϣֻ¶ãȻɫַḧļ۾ģҵģػʣ⣬Զҹ
ʱ㺮Уһ乬޾ıϢ֮г׵ɢֻһĮڿգ͸޾ĺ䣬·͸գɱ⣺ַ㣬ҪʬΡ
һ̣ػʵ壬΢΢Ĳţַ࣬˵Ĳ̥һֱӰӣǾ֮ģľģȻղš


2011 ʥ˷
ʥؾԼ֮ڽ٣һգʥǿӰʳ߳׷׳ĳһȥַȻҲ⣬ͻʳʥ·ַһɽ֮ǰ
ʱַǰǷ·Զŵľɽǣź֮Уɽ·Զᵹ㡣
ַ֮⣬ӰɽǰεĶ֮ϣΪʳ֮Լİ֣ʳĻӹһ̤ʥ֮УȻʳĻӹԼ⣬ԻʳıҲһǳǿУַҲУЩ˶ƮѩˣʥѡΪߣЩϼһȻ츳ַǣϾͬһˣ۷徳ͣ˶꣬ǵһЩֶҲɲģЩ˾Ϊ˴˴ж׼ġ
ĿɨȺַ㾹Ȼ˲ˣԲ˵ʥݵĻʰʮǿˣֻڲͬӪڻʰʵ֮ȥ֮ûϢȻʥ
֮⣬ַ㻹һЩˣаӡ²ܡڤĪϧŶĹԼҲˣ˶ŶĹˣĹձ˲֮УΣŮģһֱΪأַǰʥ֮ҲûţǰȥԪŶѧԺ֮пޣиԵĻԵҲǲġ
壬̤λʾˡַĿ⿴аǣаԼĪϧ΢΢ͷòǶԼ²ܣλ֮ԿһĹԼףĹӸ˵ĸоɲ⣬Ŷд塣
Щ˵սǰлǶģǶԸǰһģֺ֮ʾһĻᣬֻôһΣսǷȱҲҪģȻսǲԳȵģҲǲģҲܺͲһ
ʱֻһӰַԣ˺Ȼʥʳ֮ˡ
ʥӣʥʳߣѾΪѡһλܳŮӣ˴Сģȵ֮󣬱ʳɡ˶ַ㿪˵ʹַɫ΢£漴΢΢ͷҲɱ⣬ҲֻܶԲʥʳŮˡ
ұˡ߻صʥʳʹͻʳʥĿ¶ɫַ㣬Цַ㣬ʥʳΪʥӣ
ַ΢΢ͷûж˵ʲôʹͻʳ¶һĨɫҲûйʴ£ֻЦ¡
λɣʱһλʳʥӰ̤˵漴ʳʥʷ׷˸ɽ֮ǰʱһɿֲϢֻʥʲϺӡǰΡɽ֮ϣʹȺâɽʥʵĹӡԶʥɵġ
Ƭ֮󣬺¡¡Ŀ촫ֻɽھȻͬĻмһڻڻ֮з·ġɽӣҫ۵Ĵ֮⣬ʹȺ׷׶ڻ¶֮ɫıڻ·е
λͷǵĵ֮ʹ֮ڻ֮УܹԶʱżЩʥתַ˵漴ַǷ׷ǰ̼䣬·ǧִ֮ͬʱ˳ǧΪõֹֻҪ츳ǿ㹻ҵԼĴٳһִδֹĴ
ڻ֮УǱڻûһУŤûڻ֮У·ڻתţһ쫷֣ڻʼУûǧ⣬һµĺڶ·Ҫһжû
ҪʥأҪǿʢޱȵĵ⣬ΨʾܹԣֻܿλˣҪֻ֣Ҫͷǵĵ֮ʱڻͨʥصͨһȺĶĤ˶ʱӷͷԼĵ
ѹµʳĺѾ޷ʥؾˣȻֲаɵпŤȻϼɣʧǱڻзߣһȷ·ܹͨԶŵţʥؾ֮ţ
λʥؾɡʵ˵ʱֻŷֳɲͬӪ̤ȥ
۾֮ǽȥΣʱַƮѩʵ
۾֮ɽıڻ޷ˣǵܹһܵͻᷢµĹԹĺܲҡƮѩӦһַ˵ͷû˵ʲôһƥƥȺ̤ڣƮѩڵҲȥˡ
˵գһǰ̤ȱڻ֮ţȻ䣬ٴγ֮ʱһƬĮ֮أһ޾ĻĮԶŵҰϢµĲɣУ·ܹоõһƬԶű硣
ͬʱ̤Ƭʱһ·˳ȥԶһɫĹϹֻһĿ⳯ŻĮ֮Ŀµâ
ֵ˰ôɣ͸µϴ죬ʱһ·δ
ͬʱһԶŵɽ֮ϣһλǿ̧ͷĿ¶һĨа⣬˽ˡ
һ̣޾Ŀռ䣬˶̧ͷŻĮڴ֮⣬ˣһƥһﵽˡ
Զŵ硢硢Ҳ硣
ĮԵȺ˸ʼǰнҶల£ڻûĦȻ޹ʵɱҪȫʵӦʥؾᷢ顣
Ȼ䣬ԶһɿµĳȺ̧ͷֻԶһȺڵ㲻ϵĿɱʹǵͫ׶һ
ޣЩʲôޣ
˰ǽɫĴԴΣЩ
Щǿ޶͸ѪбĿϢĳȺɱһ˫˫۾˸ожҪ־С
ʥؾ磬ܻʲôַаһӹɣһƬС磬ʥԷ棬ƬСܻһַǳµĵزЩѿ޾ܸоĿ֮
ɱȥֻһӰȻڿնֱЩ˹ȥ
һˣɽ⣬·𶼻һ鴿𣬶ͷ˿µĽɫ籩
ɱ׿ȺУһµĽɫǹɱȥ磬͵첻ϣһͷͷޱɫĳǹֱ֮ӱ屬ѵ
ҲһЩ޾ȻܹצֵɫǹȻȴ׿һճҫ۵ĽɫԲֻ̣һӣʱɫԲ̻ɱصĽɫ籩֮һ޶ȫѣ籩˺ɷ飡


2012 
޷·ĵĹޣһ͸ſµ֮бѪ嶼ɽģ̫ⶼܷ䡣ƽ˵˴ʥؾ֮Уעįˡ
Ҳ߰ɣƮѩ˵漴һڻԭ֮ϱһӰɳ
¿֮ʱǵͬʸɱ쵽˼ĵز
ַһȭŭȭâ·ͬһ貵ķһȭâ֮ǰһʥ֣ʥſռ·һ㣬ַʥ飬ɽ
һ߳ıŭ𣬾޴ƺģͬһڰɽһѹҪַ˶ȥ·һġ
໡һҽַ֮ȭâ˺һУͬɫɽƶˣַμǰһȭ䱬ԴϣʹǾ޴ԴӴޱȵ¿պݺݵ׹ȥ¡һ޾
ƮѩͬɱһͷޣɨԵַһۣǱŰԵĹˣɼֱַӹжô¡
ַղҲͬעƮѩĹƮѩóʵȻˮϵաˮᣬɲãղƮѩٻһͷˮһĲסˣʹޱӴ޷ѵ漴ˮ͸뵽޵֮Уʹ޻˺һȭ
ҲһַعͷƮѩһЦ
Ľÿ졣Ʈѩֿ˽äǱߣΨ첻ƣͬһĿ죬äľҲƫͣλ۷ûͻƣԹ֮ȴǳԲӲ죬һ֮µĿ죬
ԶĵϢѹʹַͫ΢΢£ʲô磬޾ʥ磬һȺļһô
ĵ򣬿Щɱȥûκ塣Ʈѩ޲ӿ˵ʳ֮˸Ϊ󣬷ĳΧɱַӿһʥ飬죬裬Ϊֱӵʥɱͬʱ̤ʥ֮⣬ɱüĿ졣
ӺͳӵʵȻǳͻʳЩ۷徳ǣЩˣЩӹĵĻЩˣֻһֺƽ⣬ֻй˭֪ǷᱻĻϲ
ڣַɱһѪ·ͷһ󣬿µµ˼£ӺͳǶɢˣ֪ɱʲôȥˡ
ߣƬԭ֮⣬ԶʱʥսҲǿٳĵطѾһ磬ǿߣȥԣ޶ǳĲбɱ¾ǱҪһֱСġƮѩһһ˲ϳǰС
ͬʱȺеɱеĵɢˣѧԺԼʳ˷ֿʱ˫֣վڲãĻ֮ϣĿ⿴գ֮У֡
֮صš૵³һһ̣ϵϢƺҲͬϵĹƣ˸о𾪡
ֻԶӰ񱼶ıӰɫ΢£
Ϊʥʾʵһˣ̤ʥʳʥ̨Щҫ۵ŵУҲǷǳĴڣ˶ϵġ
ƺշ˹תĿ⿴ˣʱͫޱߣ͸֮⣬ͬ޵׶㣬񣬷·˿һʹλŵͷ΢΢¡
Ǻ⣿Ըо˳еĵ⣬һʱҲ
ɱˣ³һ漴ֱӳ쵽˼顣
𡭡ֲȻ両֣˾־ɫ԰ף㶼ͷԼǿϢȻֻһֲĹӳü֮߳һֱɱ˹ȥüģͬʱֱһˣֱӺһһʹǬϵ־һУѹȵɫҰףۼȫĶԿ
ˣһֲ·ض̮ˣ̤£͸һУûһеĹֱӳץ˹ȥ
һַֻ·ͬư㣬޴ӵֿ˵ĵһ̶ԵСֱӿס漴һ˫۾˵ľ־õ峯ųüĴƮȥͬʱ˵ҲıûֱûӰӡ
һ˻ںͳͫ׹սһĻɫ󺧣漴Ų̤ȥʹɫ԰ס
ʱ˺͵һ˵Ľһ̵ûʣ¡
ޱ飬Ŀ⳯ǰȥҪ͸գͫ׵У͸ſžİԵ֮⣬˫ɱֻŲ̤˸ȥ
ַڴˣȻ֣ᷢڻʰʵգɻʵ
ʱַһѾһӵĳǳأַǣϵĳǳƾ֮أȻû޸ôǣΪˣŹϵϢ
Զʥ˵սȻ飬˺޶Сַ㿴ǰĿ̧ͷǣ֮͸ű⡣
ѩΨʾ̤뵽磬ôƬޣгԽ֮𣿡ַһ
еģƬ磬ûе۾࣬ȴе۾顣Ʈѩشʹַɫһͣʵޣ
ǣһЩ飬㿴ˣһˣƬ粻۾棬ȴ۾һЩ磬ûʶ壬ʥҪСִڡƮѩ˵ʹַ¶֮ɫ
ôַ૵
ԣǴ磬֮£˵۾Ҫֻܱʶֱ̬ǽǻ˷ܡƮѩڵ˶׷׵ͷҪСˡ


2013 ǿ
ߣǽǣϵʥĹżΪģһǱ˵һЩδ򵽵Ĺż⣬żڳǱеģһЩǿػšƮѩֶַ˵γųǱ˸
ʥ֮սձȻ˲ٵżô˵ƬӦвٳǱˡַһ
ǵģв٣ÿһǱռţΪǱ
ΪЩ鲻߳ȥַʵ
ǳȥģǳȥҲԣڵǡƮѩڵ߳ȥȻ֮˲ʳɱҲ֪֪Լڹż档
ǵٳȥôַ㵭˵ʱ¿һ֮âַǷ֣Ǳе˶ʾǵĿһ͸ѪĲб֮⡣
ֱȥǱػ飬һ֪йżƮѩĻʹַΪ죬ֻʵȻЩǵ۾飬ҪûȥѰǣͶ
ûĵ۾ûΪ˵۾ȻûѪ񣬶֮˾ѪǷǳǿô֣񱬷һŭܽͨĵ۾ǲ׶ǡƮѩӦ˵
ХǰеַͻȻһƮУʹշеӰĻ
ù¶ַ·ܹоеһƹ¶⾳ǧĹ¶ŵļįûУ·ΪиоһƵ뱯
ַ̤ʱֻվһ֮ϣĿ⳯ԶȥǰһͬʹĹϽһ嫽ģȴһ鼫ĿյأһϥУԺˮ
飬ޣ·𲻴ڰ㣬ؼ侲Ψ㣬ʹűҲǰģûˣ·ؼֻһˡ
۾顣ƮѩĿ£Զǹ¶ӣȻһ飬ֻ࣬ܳΪ顣
·ͬһ¶ȴУ
Щס˷磬ǷЩ
ǿĪҪƭˣѪĴ۸ʳˣĴڶǲбѪĴڣСı̵ʣƮѩ˵Ŀʹַͺɫһ漴ͷҲЩǸоԼѾڲ֪бƭˡ
Զѣβһ𡣡ʱֻǵٵ˵ַĿһҪ̤ȻȴȻ俴ԶһӰǣбķ
ӵˡַ㿴ЩǿߣȻӺǣҲ
ʱǵĿҲһַߣ漴˫㶼˸ǺȥƬ֮󣬱յա
Ȼʱ䣬¶֮ɱ֮ս죬ս͵֮Ⱥɱ
ַ˵϶һˣʹЩ޷˺ǣʱ̧ͷĿܴ͸գһңȻһֲӰַ֣ɱһӰ͸Ѫ֮ǳ¡
ɫìʹշ¡¡죬ǹɿµʬ·𽫿ռ䶼ʴìֱӴַ㣬ͬʱһͬŭĿַһֲ͸ַʹ궯
ַϳԣȻпµľѪһͷԶŵŭޡ
𡭡ַһضҪ̮أһʥ齣ɱ̼ǰɱ¾Ӱնɱַ㣬ǶܵЩӰĹ
ö飬۾зס˺ܶΪƿأΪɱ¾ߡ
Щ鶼۷徳磬ǳв
ֵֻɱԸҲΪֻسˣäĹ֮໹飬һն
һ˳ǰɱȥɱǶȻַѪ󱳸ħ˾ͬһħһÿһκɱȭâ͸ſµķ֮
ַǣԼͬĹȻǵҲͬǾӢɱϳǰǵ۾顣
һתٶȻΪֹ¼ŵı룬鶸ȻأֻӵͷƽĵλԶ޷ܹⱯĹ¼֮аɡ
ӦΪζһǿ߿˵
ļżܲ˻ӵԵ÷ǳȻ
Ǳ֮Уйżʵ
Ȼػ¼ŵĳǱʲô۾Ӧ
Ȼˣܹǰӵ
ûô򵥣ҪҴǰżôܲۡ
ҪΪ£ɫĮ
ǵġͷ
ʲôƽǵõ۾İæȷܹҵżҲȫ飬鶼Ѫбģ֮ΨлĺΡ
ҶһǣҴǰǵĹżȻ̤ҵĹżǿԽżˡü͸һ֮ʡ
Ҫɱ䣬뵽ȺܿܶǰһӵйżĳǱ˿ɽǣǿȴпܵǳصģ˼ҪɱͬʱΪȡ̡
δ̫ˣҿ׵ĸǣƬоĳǱÿһǳضкһĵ۾飬ֱػһżȻȥżǣѵ̤ѵǺദǵĿġ
ʹַͷݣʥټǿߣΪ˷ֹսҲ֮ͨˣѾ֪һЩ
ҪǱã
Ҫ׳Լû׳ģŴǱߣӦöǵ۾ģǷսﵽǵĿġƮѩ˵
ǰ߽һˣöԷӦ̤żǸЩַ㵭˵ʹӵͫлȻ֮⣬ַ㱬ֻ˫֮ͫжȻһֲĹҪַ֮С
¡ַѪѪֻ̤ޱߣһȭɱʱһ𽣵ʥ鸡֣Щʳɷ飬ͬʱӺɱȥޱȵĺи˶Էѹʹ죬һʱһַɱȥ
ˣַңȭâٶƿգ֮ÿһʥ鶼ǼΪĿ£Щٻնɱ漴ֻӶӵ˵ɱǲҪ̤ػżˣ


2014 żڣ
ӵ˽Ŀ̧𣬿е飬Įĵ˵ĵûдɱ㣬ǸһЩ
аЦ·Ц㣺һȺϷļһǰҲˣ󶼻úܲҡ
˵գ嶸Ȼƻһ̣ɢӰӰʹַͫ΢΢¡
鵹ǹĺܡַüͷ΢ţ漴Լȥҡ
˷׷׵ͷʱֻܿԼˣһ˸ڿնɢǱʼȻƺͬǸܵ¼šտͬһǰ㡣
ȥʱַֻӰ¿նȥһûѪϿգʵǱǷйż
̧ͷַһ΢мɵ˵ͷ
żںδ
ֻ֪żػ֪żġӦһ
ΪγǱпޣƮѩ˵
ޣɫһ¶һƿֻŵɫ촽䶯ƺ˵
˵Ʈѩǰһ͸һɿµ֮ʵʱɫ԰ףȻڿն𣬵Ҳ֪
죬Ȼڴʱֻһ·͸գһֲìαˣ漴ֻǳìϣ̼䣬ֱɢ֮С
ַĿȻתԶֻĿ죬ЦǱ֮Уұǲ⣬Ҫ̤żô
ȥ⿴ַĮ˵漴һ˳ųǱХȥʹػĿʱһɫǺܺÿ
ַǽٳǱ֮⣬ſ˲ޣʱ½һǰַֻʵ£Ǳ֮Ϊ޺̤㣬ηЩ𣿡
ߣ൭˵
ַǵ˵ͷ֪۾壬޲еԭ򣬵ѵǱ֮㰲ȫô
۾ܹ˵ľѪ׳ȻƳ鵱ǵɱУԽ׳ԽֱֱӶḽϣǱǵУҲ͹żйϵɣҲ֪ͨĵ۾ǳ˳Ǳһģ׳˾ѪſԳǱһεľ룬Ѿ׳󵽺һˣֱӳˣҲǱѰżȻʵǿ֮ǰǲôģǼߣΪ֮ɡ˵˵漴˸ȥƺԸַǶ˵
ҴɫΪаַһʵǿ󣬴Ǹַˡ
ַһۣӶԷĿпһĨɵ֮⣬һбеǻҪΣգǵ۾аĴڣܹ˵ľѪŴǱػ飬ȻҪ໥սǻѡ񣬳ǲżĻҪͶ˵ĳǱػ飬ԷҲǣΪҪĲػ飬Щǿߡ
ϣ˵һЩЩ۾飬ЩΪ׳Լϡ
Ǳѡ񡣡ʱһַ˻ȻתĿ⣬ֻǰǱ֮⣬֮жȻһž޴ףȻ飬ֻɫЦɣǲҷ֮սһɱǣûеڶ·
˵գ׽ʧַɫΪÿ
Ǹ֪ҲޣϾûǰǰ̤ʥؾƮѩǸ˵
û£˳ȻǡַĮ
֮ҪǱôƮѩѯַ
˲˹Ķڲżᱩ¶ַɱʹƮѩͷ΢¡
̤ǱУǹȻȴǣĮĵǵˣ
ˣַŲֲ̤ħͫ·͸˶Է֮ɱʹɫ£漴һӶең̼޾
ȻֻʱַѪ·ȼ㣬ͬʱһɿֲѪŰһŭַ·̫ͬҫۣһʥ鸡֮У̫֮Ȼɱ£Яħʥŭ͵촫Ƭձɨɾַ㳤ֱ룬ֱ顣
֪ôӵɫͫ׵жȻһʵʵӰַԺ̤ȥ
ʥ飡ַü֮ʥƮħɱħһʥɱһлҹǰֲ֮ӡ֮ͫУʹʹ
ɱַһƴʥǰɱȥͬʱ֮Уһ𽣵ʥ鸡ַ֣ƣȻ䱬һ貶Ŀֲ֮һ·ն񷣬Ǭ
͡屻ɱ̼޾鳯ַɱͬʱһӴܣѸͣӰΡ
Ҫһ죬ƮѩҪ׷ȻֶԷ̾ǧ˿ƣֻǶĨеĲ֣㳹׵ʧӵټֻпֲصڿա
û·żǲҡƮѩһڵ
ȻоǱЩػһ֪һЩʲôǲżȫǱΪƽأ޽ǱɨƽַɫĮʹ΢ʥ۹ⲻһǸĽɫʵ˵̫ǿϾǵ۾껹ǷǳģȻȴѹϵǹɼϢʾͲһ
ַ˳ǰ˸ȻƬ֮Ǳ㿴ӵ˳߶ַ֮ӶƮѩǶػ鶯ɱ
ҲǰżƮѩӦ
ˣѵ֪ػ飬ͺܿҲڣֻҪһ͹ˣǾȻ֡˵
ӣƮѩͬͻʳע˵ƮѩԵ˲õ˵
ֵõ˵𡣡Ӻǳһ
Ҿػġַƽ˵ʹӵתַϣַ㣬˵ΪͻʳĿˣòҪƻҵ顣
ʲôҪָֻţҲ£ûʸ񡣡ַɫ䣬Ŀֱӡ
ַ㣬ӳĬƬ̣漴һҵż
òҪ̬ȶ˵ַ˲Ӧʹӵɫһ֮оһεѹ֮ײһ㡣
֣Ÿ̤ʥŵأżδҵءƮѩҲĮ˵һӿһۣߡ
˵գ˷ȥͬʱİǱУһЩ飬˶Ѱҹż


2015 һ
Ǳ룬ӻûΣ¶֮ɫַʥ鹥͸һսһն϶˺ܴ󣬿Ҫȥ˲ָܻԼԪЩһﾹȻܾǾ׼ɡ
뵽⣬ӰȥԶ뿪ȻʱֻǰһӰΪ֮һߣɫգ͸ź֮Ϣ֮¶һĨаЦ
ȥģպĮ˵
ȥθɡһʹú¶һĨаЦλѪشǱҵˣػĹżһῪ̤롣
㡭ɫ԰ףк͸ַǣǿϺЩһ˾档
Ȼ䣬ŭХֲѪѪŭЩǿһ˺һȭʱֲϯأɨ
ӿ񱼶ӣһ̣Ȼɷ·ɢһ֡
ܡ߱аЦţһ˷׷ȥֻǺ߶ǰ̴һڹ⣬̼ڹӡ֮ϣʹʧ֮ڹ⻹ƶ
ſĴЦôãһεսǱʤˣȻ̤żУȻ
ǰַ̤ǰһӰٿ׷ϵһ̣ɫɵһ͡
סǼһǺ̱ػ顣Զĺߴһַ˵ַֻŲȻ̤Ѫţͬʱʮʥͬʱǰֻ΢΢һһɿֱֲ֮
Сַ³һ
ǰӵӰʱɫҰף嶼ϵ˰أ·ǰӳΪãɫҰףַʱܱĽ⣬оĿ־֮⣬һնӴ˸
żģַʵ
赲סˣǰż
ˡɱĽⶸȻ䱬·ƬնУַָ΢΢£շνХ
˵żǺףзӡܴ򿪣ҵסǣҴȥӼʹַ㳯Զȥһм䣬ղںߵ࣬׾ȻзӡŹżĵطôѹôҲַ̽ˮ£Ҳûзʲô
Ƿӡ˭ܴ򿪡ʱӳǰɫҰףҪܣȻȴӻһƿֲĻֽȥ漴һŴڳֱ֣û
ַŵĽɢûоȶԷЩթ˾ˡ
Ǻ֮֮·׳˼֣Цʹ죬Ҫ̵ļһˣλҺһǱҽżĵַȫǣڣȽЩ˺Ȼҡ
˵գ建ڿգַǰˣǺȻҲػ飬Ҫ̵Ǳ飬ҪЩ׳Լ
ͻʳƮѩֻǰһĮ˵
ĮӣǷһɱ飬˵żڵءƮѩ˵
ֻҪϯŴǱܹ֪żĵַΪҪɱĮĮĵ
ΪЩϯŴǱƮѩɨһǰӰĮʳλڣҲǿԪŶѧԺǿߣһЩʥǿߣַʶ棬ʥݵʯƷӶڱ֮УһĿַϣַ㲢ʶĿȴ͸ɱ⡣
Ǻˣַ㳯Įɨ
壬ҶĮ˵ʱַȻԭǲˣͲΪˣɱ˲岻廹׵õٲħַ뿴ЩһܹһԵûǿޱȵ֧ţ·һ
ĮʳĻƮѩĻȴЦ޷ϯŴǱһǱ¡
ѹػ˵ûѡΪô޴֮ˣΪЩô򵥣ǣ֪ʱ˭ɱ˭ˡƮѩ˵
Ʈѩ㻰̫ˣͻʳ֮ˣҸѡĻᣬվߣһҷŹͻʳļλһȥǱĮʳĻ䵭ĵ
ѺΪ飬ƮѩĻӦ
ȻˣǱ㲻ˡĮʳĻ˵
ȻΪԼЦַ֮䣬ڵ֮ͫ͸ŷ֮⣬ǰһʥԻʹЩͫ΢΢£ʥ飬ʥʳֶΣȻַʥƺ࣬ÿһʥ鶼͸ǿĽ⡣
ʥͬʱԻ֮ʱһɿֲɱȺͷȻʹնһַƳսʽһɿֲĽֱ񷣬˿ַ˶ͬһĽ
һƿµĽ¶Ⱥܵ˸ϵ·޾յУڳʥ֮ϻۣʹýӵĿ
˭ǰһַһ³ʱͬһХ㣬еĺȥһ
ǺһĴʱѹѹĿֲȻȴ΢һϵյĽÿ£ɽ⣬ûܹȳһնᱬô
ܹ̤ʥֻ̨֤츳ȴʵĮʳĻĮ˵
ˣβԡַһ
λҪַʵô˭ԸԣĮʳ˵Ҷͷһɿֲ֮⣬ͷţһ̣·նҪշѹĽŲ΢΢̤ǰĽ⾹·𷢳죬Ҫѵ
Ҷʾǿ֮һزȼʵȥַʵжҲҵȿ۽硣ĮʳĻӵ˵ҶʵȻͷＧӦҪһ˿ģȻĮ˵ȻΪ̧߲ҶҲƣҲҶսܣַҶܣڣһҶб֡
ˣҶٶȳǰ̤һ֮ЯĵǰĽֻҶЦѾ̤ǰһˣҡ
͡µһɲǽֲ˼£һ죬˾һ硢աء桢а䡢ĻĽХһնɲǣȺֻоԴ죬ͬʱһա
ҶһŵɲǱɫ԰ŭһ֮ѹأͬϮɱȻһжûãǾһնɱ֮ʱһжҪնӲХҽŵԣһֱĽ⣬ն·ž


2016 ɭż
ǲҶڸղһɲǣҶǿߴĮʳӵ˲ϢܿǵбڲҶ֮ǰУ͸˲Ҷ
¡һµı촫ȺԶһʵĽһбɵͷ鴤һ̫ˣ˾
ռžǵĿ׷˲Ҷ漴һ죬ҶҲΪĩһŻ׵֮ҫţϢҶ˵׵Ļٵˣ꣬ǵͷ̲סݺݵĲ¡
ʲôϵ򡣡Щ˶ַ㣬ֻʱַǰʥ˸һ𽣵ʥոϵַ󽣾ͬһ޼᲻ݵͫɱĮβԼһԣ
ĮʳĻɫһǾһ̫ޣǿĲҶֿ㱻ն֮
ä۾޷Ȼȴܵ˸ղַһͷݣһٶѾĹ֮ˣɼжôѸͣҲ죬ǱըԵĸϵֱ˾Х֮ж͸ɱУӰ˳˯һ޷նäַ֪ڽϵǳ£ֻǰһֱֶڸǣƺһͨԽӳ
ĽҲֻһˣǵǿʵֹɱѡ֮еĺĮ˵ַֻ㳯ȥ̼һɽֱ񷣬ֲյĽϢɱ֮гεĹʹúߵȻֹ
ʱԶлĹ촫ͬʱһطֻǳǱ֮أն˺Ǻ̼еˮϵĳ֮У漫׳ۡ
ֻһӰֱ̤棬ʹߵɫ㶼£ǾȻһȥˣйżĻһ
ߡֻһӰ˸ȥֱӵ˴ĮʳĻӣЩ˱ԸشƽʱͳһжȻǹż֣˻ںʲôӹ
ĮʳĻӱɨַһۣ漴ҲǱ˸ȥʹеĺĿ⽩ӲЩ˶Ȼôȥҹżˣ
һַ̣ϵȻԵı˳ֱʹúɫ˲䣬ֱӻһƺɢȥ
͡Ľն˺֮УȻȴֻնһַ֣һʥ·ŭ𣬼ؼķַƵ趯Ƭշ·һɽ֮籩
Ľ⳯Űն˹ȥ׵硢Ǽ֮ټһƺûȻвٺɢƬ֮ԶһӰ۳ΣǺߣȻ˿̵˺ܶ࣬ŭһɫޱĶַˡ
ˣƻҵļƻ̵ԼЩľѪ⣬Ҹ޷׳󣬾ԶֻһػѣûлӴż档߱漴ɨһЩںӡˣɫ¶֮ɫŭȥɣ˹żɣ̵
Щ߲ǵǺεȵĲпᣬЩ̤ɲǣ˵ת־ѾǲŻ˷ܣΨһĻᣬŻһλᡣ
ʱַҲ˺ˮϿ֮أֻʱĺˮգ·һϵķӡЩǿ߷Ĺţڣ촫ӡ·򿪣¡¡Ŀ춸Ȼ䴫ز
ô£ַ˵ͫ£ϵĳǱڶؿϰ𣬳Ǳڿա
˶¶𺳵ɫܿ죬Ƿ֣ϵĳǱгǱ߿йȣһɸΪϵϢ
ż棬Ĺż֮ôַ˵ɫ㶼΢΢ţ漴ǵ˸ųǱ֮ⷽȥͬʱЩǱ˿Ǳ¶֮⡣
ӡ˴ˡЩͷҵĲţӡ򿪣ϵżٶȳǵҰ֮УǶԺγǻᣬҲ˸ǳǱ¿յżڶȥ
ַǱ֮⣬¿ͬѨ磬ͷ΢΢ţַ·ʷĳϢǼܹ϶ʵĹżܾܿǴϹʱһֱģ
ǽȥַǳŵѨĳһ̤˹ϵż֮Уͻأİܻ谵һƬǻ谵Ĺ˸о˿˿䣬һϵĺûи࣬һѵ֪ͨͨδ
СЩĸңһֹϵżǷԶʥ£ܻΣƮѩ˵˷׷׵ͷƬռ䣬ǵǰУԽ˴֣һɽʱǾͲ̤ɽ֮ϡ
һԨǰ滹һַ㿴һ۽£ֻҪǰ̤һһڰԨû֪ԨʲôǵĶ棬вϢ
ֱ˿ӵĸоʱä˵ʹжǾ¡
ҲָоȻȴ޷ֵ˵ͷ
ԨͶȲȥǿﵽЩʲôַ㿪˵漴Ų˳ȥǰС
ʱַǽ˹żԼĮʳǿҲԶǳСģӵһ𣬶Įʳ˷䵥˿̱һλʥһһƬ֮С
Ȼ䣬˽ŲֹסͻȻתֻһֲӰȻ䳯ɱ쵽˼ĵز
ɱſֲϢȻӰսֱӳȥ˫壬ͬûһ漴ӰͬʱڣΪһ壬һ̣һֲţ¶Ťɫޱȵ
һҽȻƬռĳţݵԶʹҽ޲ͷ΢΢¡
ֱܾ֮˲Ŵ߳Ȼ֮ͫУȴżһа⡣
ʵϾһΣҲ̤ƬżȻǴһǱ̤ģЩƭַǣľżǳأͨĵطǴʱ̤żЩҪ໥ɱ¾
ΪǵжԣҲ˸ղͬȻȴȫͬ⵽Ϯʱֲľ־ݻһУԷҪܣȻȴסûصĴԷӲ̵ˣƺˣȻ෴


2017 ɢĽ
ַҲһҵĽжʱһ⣬żδЩɭЩƬżռ䶼˸о䡣
ΣգżеĻҪֲûСƮѩ˵ϵأŵϢȴм
Ǿ裬ȻȴǰУƬռеҪö࣬ԶֹǸżǱô
ǰˡʱǽäһڣ۾ϹģȻоȴ˸ΪһЩ
ȷˣַŽäղֻһӹĿ죬쵽۾޷ϡ
ҸоѪӦûäĵַɢȥҵõκӰӡ
ԶʱʥżҪҵһ˿¶졣ƮѩΪпĵһǰ棬һΣûֹͣΪģʵֻһҵżϣԴԶʱʥ֮սʥ֮ʥʳҲûгֹʥ˼ǿߣǹʥ˵ľ贫жһʧԽŵԽΪĽ죬û߽Ļʳ㴫Ҳûֻͨʣһ˿Ӱ档
֮⣬ҲҲΪʥ֮Ҳʥʳδֹʥǿߵԭ̤ʥ۷һȥ޷ﵽʥֻǰƷ
ȻǰʥʥѾͻ˼޵һֻ˴˵еľʥֻ֮ҪһΨҶ
ˣȻ䣬Զַ˲Ϣת㿴һͷɫľӥųֲצӥźɫʬ֮Ϣ
Ʈѩֱһʱȷ类һˮߣäӳͬһ㣬ɱ
ֲХ֮Ȼ䴫ǾӥȻצֱӶԺ佣äĽֲĺڰ֮ͬڰ㣬ײڽ֮УʹþӥһҽУգ漴Ȼ䳯ַǰеķȥ
ֻ֪ʱһߵӰ֣ʱǾӥȻ£֮ϡ
ţַͫ΢΢£Ѫǿᣬ࣬Ȼʵȴɲ֮Уܿܿ˵۾Ƭ磬ǲ۾ôңһż档
ԣ˲̤żʳ֮ˣǱżġ
ǰ˻飿ַʵ
ȻȴֻǶ¶аЦ漴һȻʧӰ·ûгֹ㣬ֻһӰӡǵ
˻飿Ŀ˸ַԱ߲ԶһӰ̤ȻһȺˣҲǵӰʧĵط¶صɫؾле۾ޣԲһ¡
ûʲô֣Ӷַʵ
з֣Ʈѩһ
ӵĿⶢƮѩƬ̣漴̤ûᡣ
ַͬǰнţʱż֮УĴصΣһЩ䵥ǿ߶˲̶ͬȵĹֻЩۼһˣûΣգϾЩ̤żеɵӪսǷǳµģЩ鲻
ˡַ˵ĿͻȻֳĳһȥַ㿴һӰһַ㻹ǳϤǼ䡣
ͻʳû뵽⼧ȴͬʳһ𡣡ƮѩҲ˼ӰַЩԪŶؼҵˣؼмӣȻؼҺûȱִ֮ͨȻȴҲһЩֶΣ»ᷢʲô
ؼҡַɫһʥݣȻ˵˺ؼң֪붯ԪŶʩչֻۣ֪֮ɱɵ飬û뵽˺ĺ󱲡
ػʳ룬˼֮⣬⻹ʥݵûƮѩַ
ʶַ㿪ڵֱѾգ廨һЩ۰ϱ
ӮĮ֮ˣɵһλܵܣϤΪʥʥʥҲܴ󣬷ǳƮѩ˵ǱߵҲǣһַϣȻǼ䣬·Ҫַ궼
ַɫĮȻûκβֻƮѩǸߣҲҵʲô
Ʈѩô룬Ҳһ뷨ػʳȺ棬кؼҵڣҵ֮ʸ󼸷֡
ʱԼ֪żеĸλãƺĿĵģһЩʱ̣һɽǰǺؼ֮Ŀⶢɽ壬漴ڵɽƽ
ĻºȻмͬʱ֣̼һŴӡû֮ͬƣɱ¡ıɽ嶼±ѷ飬ضɽҡ
ɽ֮£Ȼһ¡
жڡȺɫһֻһӰ̤ȥȻʱһХֻ֮һͷӥֱӽס͵˽ȥ漴ѪɽһҽУʬǶû¡
棿ַĿһ漴ֻгһֻ֣˵ӰƯ˸оɭµĵЦݣǾӥͣļͷצϻѪ
ӥٶȺÿ¡аݡ
ŵ·ʱע⵽ŵ·ƺã·ΪۣϸۿᷢǾȻصԼһڻͼף͸һɲɣ֮
ǹ֮
ǰǺˣ˿ڶʵȻȴԷЦţ建Ʈˣܿʧˡ
⵽ʲôڣ
ޣѪǿʢȻָоû֮Ϣͬ㡣
Ƕз·жʱǺؼ֮˿˵
ҲоˣƺнǳǿĽֻ˽Ų̤Ŀ⳯Ƕȥ̼ɫ£ֻһƬ֯ɵĽ⣬֪˶öûɢƬĻ֮£Ȼһ˵ͷǡ
޶ˡĽ⡢ͷǣȺеֻʱֱһ¡¡Ŀ촫ը·ڷȻǽĻǣ·ɢȥ㡣
ʲô˵Ľ⣬ԶĽ⵽񶼲ɢѵǹʥˣ
ɢ⽣ɱˣжô£


2018 ʥͷ
ͷǹǣȻڽ֮´ڣҲͬûиѵǹʥ˵ͷǹǣ˿˵ʹͷһݣ㲻ǹʥ˵ͷǹǣҲǷǳǿߵͷǣֽܹ֮û
⽣޷ɢֻܴӵ֣Ƚͷǹڳ
ȺаţѾ˿ʼˣһǽĻΧĴظ˺ѳΪȺվڵĵطԽԽͣܿ죬ǺȻվ˽Ļ棬һرǺûˡ
ֻһ͵һʱͷǹǷ֮һ̣ǲĽͻȻ·ҪըѰ㣬һ˺գһȺһɴ·ĿǽԼϣʱⶼ·ֹͣ
СġַһҪԱߵ˵ȥȻǵĶ·𶼷ˣǽ̼併٣͵촫ַļ֮͸漴һѪŷ
շ·£˶Ĭţܵ˿µѹ֮
ڣַ㳤³˿·ð㣬ļ֮һѪ˿Ȼãȴûв壬ڳûһܿ˵ģ͸ȴȫǲͬĲλ
ⲻĽϸ˿Ȼ棬ûɱ˵ı˶ɡƮѩҲоһ£û뵽ͷ֮ôµı仯ʱǵĿ׷׳ͷǹȥֻȺмͷǹҲ˱仯֮Уһ⾳£Ⱥ䶼վԶܹܵõеһ⾳ǽ⣬ʱ
ͷǹǣܿǱȵӡҪ֮Ⱥһ뷨Ŀ֮жʱз֮˸ǲɢһƽͷǡ
Ҳпʥ˵ͷǣ̺ʥǿߵһͷ˼άС
ֻһֻҪ˹ʥ˵ǽǼ䱦
аţĿ⽥óȻȴ໥һΧ֮ˣĶ֮⻹һƼɵôڣҪĿ֮½ͷǹǶ߿ɾһ֮¡
ͷǹǼȻпǹʥ˵ͷǣ̺ʥ˵һ־УҪҲסֵ˵ַ΢΢ͷͷǹ̺Ľţɲɢɼ֮ǿʢ
˶ã˵嶯ˣֻһӰȻƿգͷǹǳȥٶͬ;ռĿ쫷㣬ҵ̤֮Ȼû˺һ˫˫侲Ĭ۾˸о־塣
ٶǿ£Ȼô˵Զ֣ⲻôַаһ쫷˲ͷǣ쫷ӴͷǵһɲǣȻһƿֲĽⶸȻ䱬˳˶ĸоǹɿֲ־ʥ֮ⲻ˭ܶͷǡ
··ڶᣬʱֹͣ߶һ̵˷ܵһɿֲ⾳һλԶŵǿŽ黨һָҶȻʱڵˣΨһǰУʱУһʵʣȻȴӡȺͷһĨӡ
͡
һϸӬ촫漴Ⱥ쫷ͣ£ǹЮ쫷ǰеͣӰٶȸ֣Ȼϣȴһƽ⣬ûн⡢ûֻǹɽ⣬ͬǹ⾳ÿһë׶·𱻶
Ҷַ֮૵һʹ˵ĿȻַ㡣
Ҷ֮ЩʳĻӹͷ΢΢£Զʱڵõʥ֮УһλǿĹʥĿֲڣһޣóĽҶ֮
ҶȡԷŹž֮УҶ˹ȥ֮𣬶ղһ·ʱ֮УҶ֮һն¡ʱ⣬ڵ伮֮УЩԶŵʥˣҲԸóʥҶ֮ʥóĽ
㾹֪Ҷ֮Ʈѩַ
Ҳǽޣ˵ַ΢Цûʵõʥʳʥйϵ̫󣬿»һЩϹﶼ⣬Ҫ֪ʥʳҪʥʳѪ򻹲֪ζԸ
˱ͷǹеĽĨɱ֮ˣֱǵĽŲ΢΢ͷǹŲţȻȴǳ裬ԵĲΧͷǹǱĽɱܹɱĽ⡣
ԣֻһʱ֮жȻһ޴ޱȵĽ𲧣𲧹âɣ·޼᲻ݣͬʱ꯵֮ϣһף˰棬ͬһս㣬ĽŲǰǰĽҲǰͷǹǶȥ
ꯣó֮ʵΪǿᣬ֮ͬαУǳܹͳа׵ֳһ渡ݼףǳһ޴Ľɫì̤˸ľ޽ȫװ
Ȼһһ̤׿䣬ӿֲֿɽɫ⻪нɫ籩ڿգŰ֮ѹ·ܹշѹɱһеˣǽϵԴ壬ղһҲһף·ɴ͡
ԶһӰƮͬһ貨΢ǰշ·ǴŤģһɿµѹȻǹӡ
ҲˣĽŲ΢΢̤ϱһûصգͬϹŵ㣬û˸ӳʵ츳սﶼѾ֤ԼʥݵĻʰʵֳսЩˣʥʳʥ̨Ϊַ֮츳ڶǿ֮ˣʥǱʣΪַ㲻ַͬ츳һֻλʣսֵûɣ츳ڶλʣóճͳҷӵ壬˶Գļɵַļɵ
ԵĶҲţӮĮؼҵǿߣӣһϳΪǣϸԶǿϢͷţŲͷǹŲȥżзֵĵһܿйӰıңпܻҶʥͷǣ̺Ҷʥ־棬ʥʳˣΪʥ֮ô
ַһϢҲʱ˳ֵ׼Щ˶ûжԳôӣǺ£Ȼ֪һõͷǹǣпܻΪʸ֮ģˣ֮ʱҪ£
ʥ˵ͷǹǣҪˣҲ˵̺Ľ־ܶãǹʱĴǸа򣬾о޴ĺôаóѾʼһǷ֮·µһʱ֮Уǳֲģ


2019 ʥ
ˣÿһ̤һޱȳص֮䣬ǽ𲧾ʥͷǹԽԽű
ȥ꯺һʱ޴Ľ𲧳ʥͷ˹ȥͷֵ棬һֲ̿Ľ·Ҫ˶˶ܹĸܵɽǿǽ𲧷·𶼱̴Ȼȴȹ̣ʥͷӲİ档
𲧳ӿȥһֲ̣Ϣͷ˳Щ꯽ʥͷǶߡ
׿һ̤еĽɫ籩շѹ·һǷ籩֮УֲֳַĻ¡һ죬꯵ǰըѿǿޱȵĽʹ꯸оһɿֲΣУƵĶƾ΢΢ˣͬʱһì׿䶴ȥʱշ·һޱȿµĽɫì͸գɱ׿䡣
ֻ׿һɫķ籩ȫշѹ£ǳìһε赲漴׵ıѵչһµķ籩
꯺׿ʵ൱ս֮ݵĽ棬ǼΪ£ײ֪ǿ
֮ʱʥŮŲ̤˳ȥռŤֻһʱŤĿռֱӳͷǹǶȥͷǹ˿ռ֮У漴͵һʥͷǳķȥ
￴һĻŲһ̤ͷǹǺпǹʥ˵ͷǣԾǴ֮ܷ̤֮Ƭʥؾ֮УһΪţΪʥ֮ֻҪԶʥµ־Ҫ̣һжΪġ
ֻһץһûص͵˳ŤնֽȥʥŮһ˫ӡʱҵĿռ仯Ťķ籩ţʹͷǹͣ˵м䣬ֲ¡
ʱ׿̤˳ȥȻֱƣͷǹץȥʱһ֮ͬһϵ񽫰㣬ԴΪܣֻһ˫۾¶棬ϾͷǷǳΣգò
ݡһµХƵĳìֱɱֱ׿ȥеȫʥͷ֮ϡ
͡͡
һϸ΢촫ʥͷһ̷·ŭˣεĽ˺˹Ļƿ֮͵ı˳ճ˹ȥǹɿµĽɨΧˡ
ʥ˵ͷǹǣ·ӵ԰㣬Ĵǿֶ˽⡣
ŭһü֮ӿµ־ȻֱӽɱĽ־УʹÿһĻͷ΢΢£һ̫ˣֱֲ
׿ףӵܣʥŮŤգǽ޷ɱǣͷȴƮɣʱһⶸȻͻأĽͷǹǰ˽ȥ
ͻȻֵһĻʹȺһʧͷǹʧˣֱʧˡ
˭һ֮ȺĿȻ䳯ߵķȥ㿴а񱼶ߡ
аȺͫ΢΢£Ҳֻн֮ӵͨܵ˵潫ͷǹյ
׷һӰӹգֱǶߵаȥ꯵ȼɫǳѿ֮ʱȻ˽ʥͷǶߣд
һҪߣƬżΣաַĿⶢƮѩ˵
ַ۾Ʈѩоͷ΢£һ֮еǹɰԵ֮޷ĻȻҲ֪Σգʥͷǣ˭õҲףʥͷҲǻǸ
ãǻһ𡣡Ʈѩ˵ͷ
ҡַͺֵ˵ͷ漴ͬһʻǰȻмʥ鸡֣⼸ʥ龹Ȼںһ𣬻һֲľ޽ַĽ£ַ̤ȥٶȻٶȱͬʱ޽ؼ
аʥͷ֮񱼶ߣȻһɹɿֲѹ٣ʹоһɳޱȵѹʥͷǹȻ֡
¡һֻ֮꣬󷽵ջʱһֱֲָı·嶼˰㡣
аӿ⣬ɱ֮ʱȻֱŤ뵽ǽ֮ʧ֪ȥ·аԼĿռ䡣
֮ͫɱ⣬ŭһյͻȻӿֲìͬʱаɱȥռ䷢ֲŭХ
ͬ׷пµĹ־аԶȻһаɸֲֿܵ־·ҪݻԺ֮з·һߣҪĨ
аԴʹһ־ӵиֻͬʱֲΣнٶʹаΪƣʥͷԲȥˡ
ֻаһʱӿ⣬ҡϣ޾Ĺɱڽ֮УȻȫûʧȻаɳ˰ʥͷǵĽ⣬ĿĮֻʱˡ
аһȴаȻתַֻڿգٶȿ硣
ȥЮʥͷǳһ෽ַȥХַ̽ʱһϢ֮漴ʥͷʧ
ַ㡣ǻȻתһַȥǿɱⱬֱӷаŲַ׷ȥаûʥͷǣǶԱûˡ
һ֪ܲܳʥͷǡаַԶȥıӰΪƣʵǿ˾磬磬˭׷ɱڣҪúʵǳŶһѾǳˣղŹ־ɱʱо𺳡
ַʥ֮УٶȼΪ£Ȼļ˾׷ᣬﱬһľ־·ٶϢӵĿ£ÿһ·Խ˿ռ䣬Ķ棬ʱĽ··һŵĽŲÿθպ̤һ֮ϣǴ·ΪһɳʹٶԽԽ졣
ʥŮٶҲֲܿĲ·𰵺֮ƮȻɣǽղ׿ηˣûм˵ٶȿ졣
Щ֮ˣ˿ʼһЩܹٵĵ۱ˣǶԿ۱ֻǵƣ׷ַ㣬˲ôࡣ
Щһﶼÿ졣ַο񱼣ʥͷǶѾȻаһٽȥƬ֮Ԩɽ֮ǰȻתһʥӿǰַ󽣾ֲĽǰ·ʮ޽֮Ӱ콣
ȻͣʥŮҲĿ⿴ַ㣬ɫ
ַ㣬Ҳͻʳ֮ˣұֲŶԣʥͷԲ£Ұɡ꯶ַ㿪˵ɫȻַиֵΨЦ


2020 ڰ
ҳԵ³Բ¶޹أȻʥͷѾУ㲻³ȥˡַ󽣾Įз·۳ֲ籩Ǽ㵽ˣɲҶɽǿնؽпµ
ַ㣬ЩֶԸ㣬ΪԼл·׿Ŀڣʥʳǿ츳ĪҪȻ㶼ʥ츳ںһʥͷǡ
Ǹһںַ㵭˵漴Ųˣ建Ʈ£¿յĺڰԨȥ
һĻʹóͫ΢΢£Ȼ˹ȥַ³ԨϿ֮أֻ¿һƬڰַ嶼·𿴲ˡ
ʿҹǵ־磬Ӻҹ˿ӰǵߣԨеĺڰȴǺҹĺڰ
ɫ¶һĨ֮ɫԨȥַͻɱֵĻģϾ䲻Ϊַսǿ󣬵ȴԲСǹɽ⣬ͻɱ֣Կֲ
ַʥͷǣôˣ½漴Ƿ׷׳Ԩ׹һӰԨ³ͬʱǿʱŽٵΣ
ַںڰ³ԨȻͬ޵׶һ֪³˶ãɸоҪڵ棬ǿҲֻܿǳܱߵһЩ룬ǳģ¿һƬ͸һɭ־֮Ϣ
ƮѩҲԨϿգɫ΢΢£漴һݣԨ˹ȥ
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Ԩйǵ΢΢ţֻ꯳˲ֱҪԶߡ
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￴ַƺҪȴֱסˣٶ΢΢ſȻ䣬һϢ·дһϢ˵ĶĤ֮ȴͬԨڱһ˶о궼Ҫһ۵³ѪЩˣΪ޷ܵסһֱѶ
ʲôµĴڡַ³˼ѪϵѪϵţоҪ˺һʥ۾ǿ߾ûϣʮɲſܴﵽѹʮɲδѹַ㲻֪ǿ
ԶŵʥˣѵдŵģַͷҵĲţһͷʲô
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ֻʱԨĳ֮أȻһڵħӰħӰͬԹžĴڣ˫ǵǸе
ħӰȻûһ޴ĺڰӡ񷳯¿ѹ¡¡Ŀֲ촫ҲԨøӵĶ˱ӡУԨ¿׹ȥ
ӡ˿ֻһͷӣʱȥԨ浽ʲôµĹ


2021 
ҵԨ֮Ϊ̫ڰ˶ǿӴܣڻᷢ˺ײΡ
ַϴ˲ٿռ˲оգԨĸ߿գȻʱһѹѹƳѹȹϢ֮Уַ϶Ȼ콣һ㳯Ա˳ȥֱӴƵķ϶д͸
աַоƴĦֻо϶˺ˮϿճȥ
𡭡һµȻԨ죬ͷԨ֮׵ħ·𷢳˷ŭЩӵļһ·𳹵׵Ĵŭ
䣡һصԨлص漴һڰľ޴ƴԨ֮׷ϯһԨħ·ٲ飬ԨĿռ䶼סˣٶȿ쵽˸оľ
ַѾϿգԳǶڿ񱼣ײˣΪٶ㹻죬ԳԽһЩ뵽˳֮أһǸоƳڿ
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ƼַԲ̽ԨǾ޴֮кЩӰǵ͸žӮҵӮĮ棬Ϊʵ㲻Ԩ֡
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ַ㲢δʥͷǣͷǹ̺Ľ̫ǿоԼ޷Ƶˣʱȹʥ顣
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ʶԨ֮ĺڰħַ֮ĸоʥؾеҪֲӵö࣬ǿֲĺڰħԨǣ˭˴ͨסǺڰħĿֲʲôĴڣ
ʱͺԨ֮ʱΪܶɢõַĴǱ㳯ַķ˸ȴѳ˵ж
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ˣŲһ̤ɫ֮˼̤أֱ˺ֲֶѹ̼併٣ɫһȻתĿ⡣
ָоһɿµΣ٣ϱη˫·Ҫȥ㡣
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һı֮һȭֻضѣ־ıٶȻ䱩
ˣӳ³ֻⲽÿһ·Խ˿ռ䣬֮Ĳ
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2022 ¶
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ֻصҪˡܵϵֻ⣬еֻ˷֮⣬һƵ̵һ޾ľ־ţ¡¡Ŀֲ촫ֻط籩շѹѣΪһ޴ӡ񷳯źץ˹ȥ
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2023 Ե
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Ⱥ׷ײ֮У֮ʵǿ󣬵ҲǿôڣΡ
ʱԶռ䣬վƽĿһĻṳ֮̂УַЩ˽ģ


2024 Ļ
̤Ի֮УЩǿֻоһ֮⾳ǻ˯ͬʱʥ֮ҫܻͻأ䣬һɿֲȻ۶
󣡡ĺһ漴ֻ͵һԼеĳìݺݵĲ˵֮ϣͬʱŲ̤أ֮ϸһ·Ҫƶ
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ʱַ㿴֮ǿʢĹɫĮЩ˶ֻǵֻƾɱ
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ַЦڿն֮пʼֹշ籩ܻ󷨣ֻһӰ
󡣡ַ㿪˵ʱаԼȫ߳󷨣ʱ֮еʧȥַټ
ǳܷ֮ӵ֮⣿
ӵл̺֮Уǳܹ֮Ӱӡȴ޷ȫ͸ֻǿ󡣡Щ˵漴ֻһʹɫ£˼˵۱ΪʥǣҲ˲ôˡ
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ַ㣡ֻһһȡһ޴ĺ壬͵ĳȥֲ̼ɷһͷͷڰַȥͬʱһַ̤ǧ׹⣬ֳɱȥ
ַŲ̤֮з˸¡¡֮ϣѹ¿ѹȶȥȺַͬ˰㣬ֱ޾Ĺֻе˸ܡ
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ַֻʥ֮նɱͬʱħӡѹȶ£ҪɱЩ´β鷳
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ǱìֻȺ׷Լеĵʱֲѹȫٳì֮ϣַɫһȻ̵תХڿգֱ֮ϡ
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յеаҲĸܵˣֻаɫ΢䣬Ǳìҽס
а±ףǽ׷·ַ㽫ֱӳ˽֮У漴׷·͸գҪû֮Уͬʱ¿յĹһͱĹɱֱӴ͸һУֱͬʱҲʧ֮УǵصĹֱӳ޾֮ϣ
ÿֲȺͷ΢΢һЩ䶼ӵе۱ȻЩǵĵƣһԸãǶʥǵʱûʹõ۱˶۱ǽǻ֮սӰ̫ˣ˭ǿ۱ɨɱȥ֮ɲͲôˣ죬žȻַȵü˵۱
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һַ֣վڽ֮ϣһ֮⣬ַ䣬ѹ߱ԼҪͼ䷢̫ĦЩʥܳ϶бĵƣɱҲɱܹһԷκηĻᡣ
ìųƱߣܹ۱׳Ƴ۱֮ĹҲĿ¡а˵ʱǵĿ׷׿񷣬·һмϵµ䣬漴һʰ֮мϵĳ¿׹䣬·Ǳİ㡣
̮ѵƬǹʥ֮Ͷɵ𣡡а૵еԱʥ֮սЩǿ޿ƥеʥˣľ͵͵ƿݾĵزԷڴˣȴ䣿
УǷΪ֪
֮мϵȺԻһȺ·˼ս̧ͷ죬Ƭ֮ϣ޾ĽɫգƬ춼ǽɫĻģÿһĻ·ʱܻУſֲ
ˣɫһ޾еĽɫĻ棬ƺһӰгֵĺɫʯεĻ֮С
ַͷݺݵĲ£Ԩ֮µӰ⵽ô£
ʥ˱ˣ˵˵漴оЩ˼飬ƺ̫ܣʥ֮ս󣬹ʥԷƬ統УôܱĽ̫ţǣǱŵĿﵽʲôڡ


2025 ʥˣ
о˶ˡʱа૵һʹַĿϡ
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峤ʥ߼į˹ʥ֮磬ǲĴڣ֮ͿѪ֮ϱʥ˼ʣһѪҺһƻ꣬дĿԣǱϴںûɢŻʥʥ֮սȻҪùʥȫǸǲܵ飬ˣʥһƬ磬ǲҪѰǿܴ
а˵ʹַ㼸˳
ַʥʳĿʥ֮սȻһս֮ʥܴȻȴһûнֵս֮ˣʥʳʥǶӰ֮㽫ʥԷ⣬ṳ́һΣԷ֮ѵȫԲãܡ
֮б˭ڰԨ֮ϵĿħͷ˭
ʥ˵ͷ̺Ҷ⣬пҶʥ֮ͷǣûдĻʥں֮ѵԷ籬Եսʥս˭ɱҶʥַ㻺ڣһааЩףʥͷҲܱסɡ
Ҳ⣬Ҷʥͷǣ˭ܽʣͷǣʥõֺ£ûôôнףЩҲмΪıҲ뵽һòʧֻ뿴Ƭżʲôܡ
Ҳ̤ĵطܳΪżƬԨѨƬ޾ա߻طſʥ˵ż֮ء
ʱֻƮѩƬַ̤㿴ƮѩƮѩǲҪ̫
ǻôǨŭʳĹƮѩһЦַ΢΢ͷʵͻʳ֮УŹЩǰȱ̤֮ʱļǷҲΣ
ƮѩƬ̣ƺ˼㣬漴΢΢˵ͷڵ˵һ̤뵽ƬżУȷ಻ͬ龰ÿ̤һЩ£ʳ伮֮УԹʳƬżеΡ
伮ַʵ
ǵġƮѩ˵ͷ±ΪʳܣǲԵģһʳĵ伮ȱļأԹΪ仰ڰԨɽȡɭ֡ɫɽЩľأЩס飬ǵʹߣǷҪ̤ĵط
Ʈѩʹַɫ΢£ô˵ĻȱǾѾֹԨбסħԨɽȡɭ֡ɫɽЩطޱǿĴڣȴûἰĻϵǿߣʹñ֮ìۺϵ۱ƬĻҲ顣
أô˵Щأпʥ¹㼣ͬǺԨĵѨʥ˵ͷǡ
Ҳô˵ɡƮѩ΢΢˵ͷʱַĿֻ̧֮еĻסľ޴ӰȻſһ̣˶ĸоһ˫ɫ·εɵͷ΢΢¡
ӰǺԨħͷһǿһϢܽЩνء
ˣ΢΢£·Ҫѵ㣬촫漴һշ籩ʼ
ãߡַɫ΢£漴һ͵ĳ¿ոȥԶ񱼡
ƺҲʶһ˿ԾǱסĴǷĻǾԻѡ
ռ˻ķ籩ԽԽǿǹɷ籩¿ѹ˺һУ¡¡Ŀ촫ؿʼҡ
ַͷһۣǷ籩ҪƬ񷶼ס·ûܹѵˡ
סаף漴һ˳У漴ױպϣԽգȻʧǿҲ׷׼Լĵ۱Ŀʼ֮á
𡭡·һԶŵķŭĻҵϦըѣһжҪ貣һŭ˲ʣҡ֮
ѨԨ֮УͻȻҲһŭ˻𣬷·㣬֮죬Ⱥ̧ͷ죬ֻһƬؼ·𶼺بһب·͸˿ռʱ⣬ЩޱǿĴ
ַٴγ֮ʱѾһƬأ·𱻸뿪ˣĻһƬƬҲ硣
һ̤뵽棬³Щľ֮⣬طʲôżַƮѩ˵ʹƮѩ΢£ȻҲ뵽㣬ѰĵطʥµĺۼҲѹˣ˼ľء
ǵҪõʲôżУ̫ˡƮѩЦ
Ȼʥ˷Ƭʱ򣬻ʲô˼ɣоܿܺǱסӰйأЩ߳ȥǾ뢰Ŀ´ڣԤУǾǹʥˣʥ˲ܽԼס
ַ㻺˵ʥʳʥڼἰһĴڣʲôǷЩйء
ֻһӹַĿȻת漴һӰǵǰһߵӰַڵѨż֮Уǲ˵Ӱû뵽ֳˡ
֪ࣿʱڿ˵ˣʹַĿһͣͷǰϸǣ
ˡ߳ĳ̤л˵Զŵʥˣô׵䡣
ַɫ΢£໥һۣ漴׷׵ͷŶԷĽŲǰС
ص˴ַһ̳һǰһ̨ףǰַ㿴һ̳֮ϣϥһӰûκεϢ޷оĴڡ
ַ㶢صӰĿž֮⣬ﴦ͸ŹŹ֡
ʱûκϢӰַˣֵô
ǰǣַ¶һĨɻ֮⣬ʵ
ʥˣ˵ûС˵˵ʱƮѩͫ΢΢£Գʥ˵ӰƮѩЦ˵ң
ʳʥˣʥˣ
ʳ૵ʵʳҵĺ˰ɣǶ𡣡
ѾʷиˡƮѩӦ
̾Ϣһ͸Ź¼Լ˻˸о֮⡣
ǰЩסǿڵʲôڣϹŵʥ֮սΣƮѩһֻʥЦӣЩסĴڶϹŵа飬ʥΪǲԷƬ磬Ϊ˽ס˲ʹĴۣȫ䣬ңҲΪдһ
ַʥ˵Ļͷ΢ЩɶԷ٣а飿ʥʳἰΪǸĴڣʥʳʥ˻ΪʥûἰĴڣȴ̸а飡


2026 ɽеľ޽
ǰ˶ϹʱڣʥΪַսַ㲻ɫƽʵ
ʥ˿ַһۣ漴ìܼʥ֮սû뵽а룬ĻԵʱʥʥ֮ԽаɱǷôˣа龭Ļָֿʼ˿µһȥ㽫ΪѣҲĿ˰ɡ
ַԷĻʥѣȻ˿޷ȷ϶ԷǷʥˡ
ǰˣʲôԸ𣿡ַٶȿʵ
ǰһæҪָƣʯܹվмʯ֮ϣվ棬ģûлʥ˻˵ַ΢΢ͷá
˵գаǴβֱӶߡ
аǽᣬʼ̤ɫ̳ʯǴַߵһԣаʯַʯַзλ
ǰ𣿡ַʥ˿ʵ
лˡʥ΢Ц˵ֻǿĳż̳ӿȥȻʱַͻȻʧԭأһ̵ֱʥ˵ǰ
ɱһȴַ³֮ϯ·һͬʱʥ̶ֱ֮Էʥ˵ԴϣĵʴԷҪһ˲佫ԷĨɱ
ʥĿһ漴ֻƶȻɱһ˫ֲĺڰƽַס
ߡַһаɫ䣬ַ㣬ͬʱǶ˲Ϣǰһֲѹȶ£аֻܱȻء
ͬʱʥ˵Ŀֲ˼̳ɫĹâ˵ûַоԼһռ䡣
ΪôʥĿַ㡣
Ļǻԡַ˵ӿ콣âɱȥֱӽǿסֱն
ʥˣΪʥΣ֣ɲԼˡ
ʥϢţ·嶼Ҫɢ㣬Ŀ⺮˼£Ҫˡ
˵գֲĻַԺ֮Уַɫ峯ȥʥ֮ȭɱֱӽռ̳ƿһ󶴣͵ĳ
ʥХһʱַֻоԴоֲܿػ꣬ϼ⣬ͬʱĽɱԺеĻ񣬽ʥ˵ĻĨ࣬ȻвĻɢ·ַԺ֮ŭ
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ȥʥŭһʱ޾ĻìգַХȥڴʱɫӲص˼̳ϥأĵˣ°²
޹أЩ飬ȥץҪģɱʥ䣬ſһ£ʱ޾·˳ȥͬʱ˿Ƭż֮У鶼յͬһ
ǣˡûߵаǣֱӳַȥȥ
ַ̤ŷɱĳìŭХ̺꣬Ϊ
пʥˣմѲҪַ֮ɫĮղŹϳشԷ룬ʥҲûԤϵԼͻȻǰɱ֡
ÿٶȣȻҵĹŷٶȻҪһ˿ַɫѿʥ˿ΪʲôƱ޷߶ֻڼ̳֮Уֻʱַгֵ۱ֱնһֲĻ֮⣬Ȼȴǻì˲Ϣƹ˹ɳɱַõ۱ص뷨
ַ㡣˿̣¿˿еַӰĿⲻɵ΢΢£漴Ҳ˺׷ɱַĻìɵ͸Ц˲䱬ȥ
֮ǧâɱַһӣʮʥ޽漴նɱ
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ӳһַûƬͣŲڹŷ֮ϣĶߣ¿֮˸ܵϵɱء
ǻìǿַƺ԰ѵõɫ˸˵ַֻĶߣ·˷򣬳һɽཨãǳìɣ·ҪַҪŻݣԶɢ
̳֮еʥϥ۾ɱǳìȻںϲʹַĸоиֲ
ǿƿַΪƣ۱޷أҶԷܹǧƣֱԣȻ̫Σˡ
ʱһĲ뵽ַĶĤ֮Уʹַɫ΢£Զһɽɽ֮з·һεţȻһ㲻ԶĴ
ˡַ㿴һǰɽ֮⣬ƺҪ̤棬ȴЩɵ
ǡɽȡַͫ£ŭХĳì׷ɱʹַɫһֱӳɽ֮С
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µĳìɽǰȻͻȻֹ˸ݣַ㡣
Ȼһֻ̣ǿϧһô塣̳֮䣬ǻìȫںϣһ޴ĳìɽ֮УٶȸӵĿˡ
ַɫһӲͷƤǰֻ̤ܽɽȵ׷ɱˡ
ɷ·еƵʣҡַ꣬ǻìϵںɵĦ֮вϵɢ
ɽеɲԽԽˡַ겨ңҲȥǳìĻ
ʱɽ֮У䡢زӡԼػʳһȺǿڣʱǰһֻ޴Ľţ޽ŷ·ѹƬأô£ſֲѹ
ҵˣزӣ㲻Ǻؼ֮ˣȻܹҵػ¶֮ɫϢϧػʳ棬徹Ȼʬ⿪һֻ޽ѹ
ҲṩϢˣϾ֮ҲƲŽ񡣡زӻ˵ػ΢΢ͷΣҵżػʳż¾Ƭɽ֮УֻǳΣգϣܹһЩ


2027 Ի
ػ̧ͷǰľ޽ţ·ѹƬأϢػʳżмصӦûд˽գػʳĹ֮УϢӰС
ֻػ֣΢Ҫ޽ȻȴȻķ֣޽žȻûжɴǣһأѹɽеĿ
ػԵļ˿ػ޷յ޽ţɵĿз׷һĨɫصķâ˸
ȻʱԶкХ֮ʹǵȻ䳯ȥ漴㿴ַӰ߹
ַڽɽеɱĻìȴû뵽ǰ澹Ȼ˼ǣĿⶸȻһǾ޽ţַͫһ⣬Ȼ䳯Ǿ޽ŵķĳ˹ȥ
ַ㣡Ŀâҫ建ڿգֲıǰ͸ſ֮Ϣ
ַһ³漴һɱһһȭշѹھ޽֮ϣȻȴоıҪַĽƿַɳ
ͼҫӿֲֿ֮Ȼȴַ֮һöȴɳżȥ
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ֲ͡Хżɱʹü궯Ǿ޴ޱȵĳì˲٣͸ſֲ֮Χȫ֮âµ˼¡
ˣ̨֮ϣʥһ֪û취κεַ㣬еӡ͵һʱǳì䣬ֱӳż䱬һֻ̣оԼܵµв
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к޼ûжַ㷴ⳤìɱĵͼڶǰɫľͬʱı𹥻ȫϮɱ¡¡Ŀ±֮أȻǳìһУɳżԴɱȥѾûǰ
ڸղţֱַ֮ӳ˾޽ŵϿգֱֲ֮ӽ֮ػĿղߵľ޽ʧǰ漴ַֻһӰ
䣡屬ˣػײػһֱӶһƺ˼ϣһѪɫҰףػ̧Ųַ׷˹ȥ
һĻʹһԵͺزӵɫ˴ŵڵѪܴļ䣬ǵڻûлع
⼧Ҳ̫ԩ˰ɡΪеֵػӸղſַ߾޽ţķŭû˼־ͺһȥȴܵļѩϼ˪
ֻеĮ˸оһĲ
𣡡Ұް㣬䷢һֲĺֱһλػӵĻǻɫһֹ̧ȻôǷЩҲǼΪǿߣһԼвġ
Ҵʱļ京ŭֱ֣ĵʹնҲ˵ľǳԷֻоѪڱ漴һɨԴϣԴñѡ
λһĻɫѿ漴Ǳ㿴תļŭҪĨɱһУػһ̫ˡ
Ҳ˼ͺز̿ˮļǶеЩη壬һôǷȻַܹŵлϲģܹɲࡣ
ַ뵽ɽ棬ɶӰԽԽǿңоԼһֱô̤УҲסľˡ
͡ʱǰһεֱӸնεɣ·ܽиɱַ͵һʱεӽ»ȴַо˿˿⣬ǿǰֲֿ
ַǰһֻ޽ţ̤ǰɽڵз򣬷·ѹסˡ
ղţҽţѵǹʥڴˣַͷ΢γǰǳСģżпֲиգ·ҪնȻַ˾޽֮£ǿ̧֮Ȼһֻ޽ޱȳأǿֲȻֻþ޽΢΢ƶ£ǹѹ֮
ӵ磬ղַ㿪˵漴֮־޽ţ͵
͡͡ޱȿµͬˮӿ·ͻȻ佭˰㣬һεɱɱҪն
ַɫһȻ佫ľ޽ٶ˳ǰȻ˿Ѿ޷ַֹԷɱ˳ȥ
ػӵ׷ɱַ㣬ʱҲɽȣȻεɶ꣬漴һɹɱ̶Хɫһ͵ĳߡ
ˣһֲղǰնػɫѿշ·һ٣Ȼţһնػ¶ɫŭһ
ͣ͡һɴ͸ػɫ࣬ûɣǾӰ·𶨸һ̣漴ֱӱѣѪ⡣
ھ޽ַ֮Ŀ˲пһĻɫɵüΪѿɽȣľأֻΪֻ޽ѹʹûӳȥɽȶ̤ղŲ޽ţ˿ֲɱ
һַᵽɱжôĿֲ
ʱַɫǳÿһɱεĹţȻַףֻҪһ뿪޽ŵıͻػһֱնɱӴ˽١
ɽȵһӰ޾סʱȻſε֮ô죬ɲǣеɱڱ
СһʱһַͬĶĤ֮Уʹַͷ΢£ĬƬ̣ûַʵں˵𣿡
ǵСһٶȴַ֣Χɱ·ڼ
ˡַĿһһסľǿĿ´ô
ǰкηԸַһ
ֻ˲ֻһæ㲻ɽ֮ˣˣһʥ塣
ʥ壿ַͷ£ֻ޽ʥ֮ţʥɽȵУôסһӰʲôڣôôµ
Ѿɱɣ˵ƭһСһʹַԳһЦԼʵҲΪˣȴ˳ΪСһִǰȷԵ̫Сˡ
ַ㽫޽漴˸ɽȥҪֱǿԶʥ˵ǿô


2028 
ɽ֮⣬䡢زӵɽȣĿⶢǰֹͣ˲ɣɫࡣ
ղɱſӹһ٣ػӺַ㣬һˡ춢ɽȣ˵
ֻɫĮػӸַ㣬ÿϧˡ
䣬㲻һֱϣַôزӿż俪ڵ
ϧûɱһţȴɽ֮СΪַоһƱַν޼ַ𼸺ǲ̤ǳʹַ㣬òַ츳һԼĴڣܼܵսȴڻʰʵ֮ջˣޣжַҲһ˿ֵ𾴵Ķ֣ǣȴɽ棬ֻܰ̾ϧˡ
ʱַ㴩һŷ壬ɽ棬ڣǱסӰ˳Ѿ棬ɫ䱻ţȻǹʣ˸о·Ϲŵ㣬ֻһۣҪĤ֮С
ַ㿴һȵԱߣɫɵ΢΢һֻȵػηֻ޴ƣԼһֲޱȵľ޶λ·סӳȥĿֲɱ
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ֱӴ͸նżҲδֻǳһʥͷǣַõΪ˻һԨħޱȿµĴڣǹʥ˼ǿߡ
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2029 ʥ
Щ˵Ԩħ֮ͫʱͷԶ΢΢£ʲôˣ͸˵Ϊ硣
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һϢ֮Ǿ޶дֻؼ޾ĺڰ֮⳯¿շĺХȥɫ԰ף˻ֵߡ
˵һ˾뿪˵أƬ̱һռ䡣
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ȻԶˡַͷ΢΢ţʥ˵嶼뵽磬󶦻ͷ­Ȼ˫˫һ𣬳ǰѾɢ壬壬ǹѹܸӵĿֲʥδ֮ʱжôǿʢ¡
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Ȼ䣬һϢȻ·ʥ˵̾Ϣʹַ඼΢΢£Ŀͷſֲ֮⣬Ķǰ壬ʥˣĻʶ


2030 ʥʶ
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ߣʥʣǹʥԣѵҪΥʥ־ԷĮ˵ˡ
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ƨʥˣͻʳɲΪʥ˭֪١ʥĮһʥҲ˷УҪַΪ¯Ǳʮˣŭǳܵ𡣡
ʥ׶Էڽʥ֮ѹǹƨʥʵû˻ĳϣ岻ͬһʥǳһʳ֮Уʳƣʥ˵һǶҪǵõʥĻʳõ
ַâû뵽ԷҪԼΪʥ˵¯ȻˣɽɽػʳػʳҲûҪŶԷˣ


2031 ʥѹ
ʥʣ˵ʥʶҪַ㣬Ҫַǰʥ԰ɡػʳ֮˵Į˵
ߣܡʥһ䣬ȻȴʱӰ٣Ŀ⿴ַ㣬Цû뵽ż֮лʥ˴ڣȻʥַ㣬ȻҪַǰһ𡣡
޹ذɣͻʳĮɨһۣҲһʳʥ
ʥʥʳ֮ҵԵ𾴡˵˵
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ĮʳػʳʥɻǣǿڴˣʱǵĿԶֻһӰɵ¶΢Цʥַ㵽ˡ
ʥĿ⴩͸ռ䣬ַǱȥַֻն֮вɵ⣬ȻûĻˣǳ⣬ǸϣһĻָʵһ˿ػʥΪʥڡ
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ӿռ룬ٶƮʹȺоȻ˸ĻЩס̫ǿˣһſǸ޷ƵˣжϴǾѣǱסЩʥ۾ûа취
ʥ˲ͬһܴصĹʥġ
ûʲôˡַ㵭˵漴˸ȥȻ̤ɲǣһӰЩ˲ǵ۾ǿߣҲʥǺһ̤ؾʥǲóԸַ㣬ǿôĹ˼ɡ
ַⲽֶһƿգ׷Ϣǿᣬͬʵַõʥͷǡֵʥ˲޽ţַô뿪


2032 ն
еӰ˸ƮԵø׳ۣЩסľҲû˴󶯾ƿżΪ˴ͨ磬ûϵϣЩʥ۾ǿϡ
ַ㣬õʥͷǣʥͷǵпֲ⣬֪ûд档
һΣ̤żǵõջ˺٣Ǽܹʥżζǳַõʥͷǣ˵õػʳĲһֻ޽ţЩ˶׷ɱҪõʥ֮
ߣʥ֮ǿߡ
Ӱ׷ַӪʱƬʽĻһڲϵ׷ַһ˵̤Уں֮˷·Ȼûпһ죬Ҳûпӱܣһս⣬ܲʮɻսѧԺվԼΨʵ㡣
ʱеַ㽵ٵһɽۣ֮Ȼͣ˽ŲعĿɨЦһֱ׷ţսֲսǺ⣿
Ⱥɫ˸и˼ͻʳҲżУֻɱַ㣬ǻʳ֮˻ַֹԸǰУǾһֱűǣҵʱɱ
ҪʥͷǡҪʥĲ޽ţʵĻðɣַڴս˭ܻɱңϵһоͶˣȻҪɱңҲҪñĨɱ׼ַĿһɨȺƣ˭ɱңʵȡʥ֮
ɨַɫĳͬɫٲƮ˫Ŀ֮͸žɣһˣսţ˭Կɡ
ɶʥ򣬱˭ս
Ʈѩʱϵߣַ֮Ŀ΢£һﵨδ̫ˣǰƼһɨͿĻӾ棬ʵǳ£ײ¶ԼԵս꯲Ҳڣñ֮ʵ£׿䣬ǿ壬⣬кܶӹַ㾹վɽۣսȺۣ˭սһ̫嶯ˡ
Ʈѩַ츳̤ʥ̨ʥΣ츳һλ۷壬˴λ۷壬һĲࡣ
һͬĿַ⳯ȥ֮Упӹһǿ߽ٶʳǰͻʳǿҲˡ
ַ㣬Լ˵ģ㣬ʥ֮˭һǿĮ˵ͻʳø档
ͻʳ棬ǻʳ֮ˣҲĪ䲻ַܳۡĿɨգһ֮
Ե۱սô˵ĺãõʱͻɱ֡
Ȼܣ˴ſµ۱ϣսͻʳǿַ˵
ãõ۱ҵҪսš
ʥ֮ԲȥںڽΪʱ
սսôϻַ˵֮ٶȴ
ʥ
ַ㣬ҪˣֻһӰ̤βۣϢǿᣬл֮ʷǷһͨ
ַսѾ֤㻹λ۷徳磬ܹ˵ʵ֮ǿᣬͨﶼҳսַԣʥ֮ûʵɲС
ĮȻĮʳĻ
óĵҲǷǳһ̺ܿɳĮһܿɽ𢣬ǴĮʳһЩǿ֮˳֮Ϊǧ֮ȡһǧ֮⡣
ǧֻҪ㹻ԣκεǰ޹֮вľǰδеĵ𣬻֮֮Լˣ
ûһЩ˵еȺӣǻ˵ĵܹ޾κε֮ǧ֮𡣡
ǰôŶ޷Ტۣ֪ﵱܹһʵʥ֮Իһ£̤ʥףǧ
¿գһЩûɱַ˵ʱֻĮȻƮȻ̤Ųֻϱһհ׹ŻȻȴâҫۣ·ܹܻ
ĮȻָʱǻйâҫĮȻջһʣ̼䳤գնַ㣬ΪѤ
ַڷǰһʥ鸡֣գ·𱳸ʮŽ
͡ƻ죬նϣƿһйʧΣȻĮȻ̤һԻɳĮַɱȥһʳִ󵶴ɱ£һʻˣʹַϿпֲɽѹ£Ҫַѹ
ĵַŲ̤ʱνɱأĮȻֲԷԺ֮УĮȻʾһ֮кҲǧ֮ʣһʻнâնַꡣ
ɱַĵ⻯޾ɱͬʱ֮ͫһʥֱ֮ɱǾ֮⣬һ̾ӡڶԷԺ֮УʹĮȻɫĸȪˮ丣·Ҫħ˿ơ
ַ㽣âʶأһйȫ飬ͬʱʥ顣
ɡַ쳹ĮȻԺ֮УʹĮȻ궯֮ʥ֮
ͣĮȻһʻգҪַնһӡ
·ӡʥӡڶԷԺ棬Է棬ɸ깥ٿȻͬʱַһնӣʹճһŵֱӿ
ֻʱĮȻ˫ֺһʮָ棬̼䣬֮ʮľ·ҪضûҲ档
ǿĹȺܵǹѹͷһͬʱַ̤ĽŲȻͣ󽣾̼ǰʥ鿪ʼХľһ𣬻һûصľ޽
ַŲɳǰÿ̤һһɳصѹڶԷϣѹöԷξѹĮȻɫ۾ϣŭһǧ֮ǧ﹥һ̷·޾ͬʱϯ
ͬʱַһն£µľ޽һУһƿʹȺϢ֮С
һַԷԺ֮ɱһħ̤Էüģһ̣Էķͬ˰㣬һкǧͬʱַľ޽ն£ͷɱ
䣡һɿֲַֻ֮оɫһԷǿػȻеĽȴûͣ£һȥ¡һ죬ĮȻ屻ֱɱһϣ


2033 
ַĽĮȻն֮ʱ̺ĶϵֲͻȻȫʹ׵ıѵлΪ˻ҽ
пһĻʹͷ͵Ĳ£ַ㣬һһλĮʳĻܹѡżĻӣʳܳĻӣĮȻȻҲǣĮʳһļ֮һ񣬱ַһɱ
ȻʱյһӰ֣һϵӰЯһ꣬ĮȻַ꣬շѹԷʱ򣬼׽ĮȻĨ˶ԷԺеػЯĮȻȥǧһ㿪ַǶ֮
ߣַһŲȻ̤ͬһӹʥ֮ȭɱʱ·޾â˺գͬʱֱ֮ĮȻ꣬ʹɫӲһһȭƿɱ·һƬɳĮһ𣬺ַĹ֮ϡ
ӰƮˣַֹͣ˼׷վգĮ˵Įʳ䲻ͲҪǰˣ֮棬ΪĮʳ衣
ĮȻ귢һȻ˿̵ַն飬ٺַԿӴԺҵµ壬츳ҲۿۣһսԣǻԵġ
û뵽ַһս˴ĮӵػղĮȻ㳹ַˣʹһ𺳣һЩȼսҲʼԥҪַʥѡ
ǷǻʳˣǽǼɱַʥЩʳǿڣõʥ뿪ôºѡ
ʳˣлӳַʥôʱһ˵֮˺ȻꯣҲͬƿصĵһ
ЩʳĻɫһͣĿţ꯻л
ҲʣȻַսȺӢʥʥ֮ҵ֣ɻʳᣬǻʳַܹʥ֮ҵԲȻǻӲЩᵽֵʥϣʳҲŵС
ʱ׿Ҳ˵ʹɫ΢ղ׿䣬Ҳ֮⣬ȻҪȥ֮ǣʳûʳȡ
Ҳд⡣꯸˵ѹЩʳĻ
֮Ѿãȣǻ᲻£ٳ֣ȡʥʳٸ棬˵ȥˡ
УЩʳĻ֮⣬±ûܹ׿սˣ£ǱȻɱַ㣬꯺׿˵ʵַΣա
а⣬ַս˶Уɱ˴ĮʳĮȻսֱУеţܹ˲ֶֻ࣬ù
ۣšַĿɨˣȻ˵漴صɽ֮ϣϥʼĿǰ֮վȫˡ
һ߷û漴ַ㱾֮֮кз籩ϻۣ֮뷨Ԫصİ֮С
֮򷨺͸Űַ֮ȴһУ뵽ɽʥиĻĹʥ֮С
һУַȴһУ·Ĺţʥѹ֮ؽԿѹǧһѹ
裬ȫĵҪͶ뵽棬һС
Ĺʥơ񡣡ַоϵȫѪⶼڲ·Ҫ޾һѹ壬κѹ֮ԶŵĿֲޣҲĴ󶦣ûй̶
ַ㿴ǻĹŵйʥ촣һѹ죬һֻ޽ż̤ڴ֮ϣô޷ҡؼеһʥȻƣ˿һ۱ǣûʥ״ò־ĴС
ţʱʥʳǿĿַ㣬ַֻڵѪ·ڱڶϵ·ȫ۳Ϊһɣ֮Լ֮·û嵱УҪǹ֮ƵС
һȻʱ˼ҲǸ⡣ʥʳǿаѹܹ̤ʥ̨ʥΣõʥĴˣȷŷǷ֮սţͲһ˸ġ
ĿҲע⵽ַΣɫɵ΢΢һַͣ㾹ǹƣǿ·Ҫе۳һɣѹԶܹо÷ǳ
ֹ֮һһͷţȻʯ쾪¡˴֮з·ܹܵŵȻֲܿ˿̣ػʳǿüͷ΢΢£ַܵϵǹɱըƣػʳЩʶ
ַõʥľ޽ţѵõʲô
ӵĽŲһ̤ʹƮѩɫһַ֣ôͻʳǰʥĿˣҽżõʥ֮컯˳ֱҲˣƺʰɡ
ʥ֮ùʳȻַ㷢ԣȻҪһƽ˵һˮ֮⾳
ˮΪ֮ΪգĪ⣬ͻʳˣóΪˮϵ
ֻӽŲ̤ʱһɻˮַ֮ȥȻڴʱһʥʳǿ߻֣ǹ𣬿˵ַ֮ʱô
޷Ѿˡַķ˵漴ϥ˼ûбԣȻ˼ûģʱַķ˼ʥ컯񹦣ܹʥ飬Ϊһ壬Ϲɶ컯ǧǿʥͬʱ컯֪ж¡
Ĺʥȴûôӣʥ컯񹦣ǵϵȻⵥϵȴѹ壬ĿǷǿѹֵϵﵽǿµĵز
ַ˿̱˼۶ʥΪƣܷܻһ壬ǿѹ
˼ͬʱַıȻ̤Ϸ·һ·Ҫȫͬʱһʥ鸡ط֮·ڶ컯ǿʥ顣


2034 ɱ
Сһ֡ʱһƮַУƮѩѣƺΪء
ַһĿ⿴ӣֻʱӵȻ֣Եø翣ͬ͸İ㡣
ֵˣɾ͵ĵҲеģܹˮڣù޷вƮѩٶȴʱַֻˮŤֲʵ֮У·ʱɢ㡣
ַһȭɱʥ֮ȭ͸ŷ⣬ŭХ޼᲻ݣӽŲǰһ̤˲Ϣնɱֱֻ΢΢һʱ·Ϊһ壬͸֮ʱֱͬˮ㣬ֱϴ͸ûѪҲûжϱڣӵ»Ϊʵ塣
ӵأٿսȻʳû˸ͻʳӣ꯶ǡ˵˵
ùֶΡַ㿴һĻɫ΢ЩȣȻͬƮѩ˵һĵȻֵڹ֮У
νǧΪ֮
ֻ峯ַ̤ȥȻһ֮Ȼûֲĺ۳һյˮַ֮۶ɵˮƾ֮󺣵ıһ㣬Х˸ожһеĿֲɱ
ַɫĮʥ֮ȭâ֮УµĽɱˮƿһɿֲڽ֮ϣַ壬ɼж֮ͣˮҲ֮
Ȼ䣬ͻȻ仯УΧַ͵ϯȻ仯޾ıǣַ嶼⣬ͬʱǾסַĿֲͻȻַɱȥ
֮Ʋ֮ˮȻˮƿôַӿµĽ⣬Ʒ·۳ɽꡢľѪ⣬һ̷·𶼳˽Σ֮Ʒ·Ҳڻϣ˴˿̲ΣǽΡ
ֲĹϣ·ֱӱпַһмȥɱһС
ӿַɱһ·ڻ˰㣬ڻΪˮַĽֱӴɱ룬Ȼȴ̼䱻סַԺ֮з·ˮϵС
һɼµĺַ궼ҪǿֲַоʹⲻʵʵĹȴֱӵĹøӵĿ¡
ĵ𣿡ַ㲻оҪɱҲһ̫̫漴һˮгԴն˹ҪĨ
𣡡ʥˮˮַϵˮϵֻһεˮǰȻӣˮеɫ͸Ŷ͵ĳַϡ
촫˷·ַһˣַоԼѪĽǶҪǹɿµлΪһ̲ˮ
ӵʵù¡Ⱥɫ£ƺ͹ӵʵûֲֿİԵȻȴ˸е־塣
ˣֲַХֲĴֱӶЩ֮ˮûȥ첻ϣˮԴȪҪ̵ַӿ޾֮Ѫ϶޾Ľ⣬ɱһУпµҪЩϵˮ֮𣬵Ȼпµ͵ա
ֻһֱӴַ˳ˮ֮壬Ȼȴ֮ɫӵ뿪ַ㣬Ȼȴַɫ˿̵ой˸оµ֮䡣
ӵΪˮϵ˵ĹԹɱȻҲԼֱӵĹ꯻׿䣬ǰһԾӻûַа˿ӰӵĿֲüΪǿ󣬸ղֶǹ֮Ҫˡ
ңʺóҪɱ̫ˡ
Ĺʥܹѹ죬ǧѹûܣӦˮɡַ૵˿̵΢΢ϣǰһʥ뵽ڣޱߵĽ⡣
ʱַ·ڻĹ֮Уտ·һиΨԼ֮Ʒ·ӿڣ·ڱ䣬Σ껯廯Ѫ
͡һ֮¶ʹȺͫȫһַʹʲôͨÿֲƣǸоƬأֻʣַһˣûˣַ·ӻĹжǻĹе֮
ĻۣȫΪһ壬ȫ˽Σַ·ʧˣһˣһ޽˷񣬻һѹһеҪ޽ѹ졣
͡ƿգһɿֲֻоԼҪ޽ѹɫ΢䣬˷·˽Ӻû壬ѹ
ˣ޽ڽ֮ϣ·ӻĹŶһ̣ӷ·̣ȫֹ֮䣬ΨһѹǣκεҪɱ
Ӳϱշɷ飬ֱɢ֮С
֮ˮҲɱȺͫ΢΢ֻǷ·ԻĹŵĹŽͷ޾Ŀֲ·ҪڣԶʧ֮ˮѹ֮²ϵɢһĨ𣬷·˰㡣
ñ޷ҲֻԼĻܹѹ֮ϧֻģַͨÿֲ
ػʳʥʱػʳǿȫһʥû˵ǣȻʥܻգѾѾûʥӰӣǴӹżпϡڵнǢ֮ͬͬԴ
ַ㣬Ӿ޽֮õʥ֮ػʳǿ޷ƽʥܲȻȴַ޵á
ʥʳǿɫһַ㾹Ȼػʳʥһ͸ˣЩַӵļѹ˿ֲѹ޷ҡ
ʱӵ֣ˮŤţȻֻֻĿĲֲϵıû
ַ㣬ס֡ͻʳǿ߱˵Ȼѹɣһ̣еĽӱ׵ɱȫûΣͬʱֲʼַľ޽
ߣֻһŲ̤ʥʳǿߣַľ޽Σֱʥʳǿ߿뿪ʹЩַ㣬ɱͻʳӡ
һƮѩһĻоЩľ̾Ϣһ˵ǻƽǵжԵĹϵϾͬĸἫΪңڻʳֹ֮ϵ̸飬ȻϾѪԵϵַϣҲ̲ס̾Ϣ


2035 
꯺׿ЩﶼĿ¶ʧɫػʳ˳嶯һַ㱻ʥʳߣʥ֮Уûʲôˣַֻܽϵʥ
Щ˶ǷǳϵۿַϵĶûϣתżǱסħͷѾƽϢٷŭַȻܹҵʥ֮Ǳ֤Ƭżȷʵвʥŵġ
ʥɲֻһλʥˣתǳż˸ȥ׼׷Ѱʥ˵żܷʲô֡
ӣͻʳоϧ˭ء
ӵȷʵȻַʥ֮͸ŹϵϢѹصӲɱǼӾҪҵʥż롣
ЩʥɻΪʥ˶Ķǡ
ҲʱӰһƬ磬Ƭڵ£˳һ۵ɽе·һ·ߣȻҵƬаͺֶԾżȻڿַ㱻׷ɱԶȥ֮аԼַɢˡ
ż֮Уаͺ˳ѾһΣںڶΣϴȺֵаҲ붯аͺսνΪǿˣȻ̫аˣǾȻƣаƶϣԳʵƵʱѡʵһֻ۾ɶսʤʵԲѷǼš
һ·ս׷ɱײƬ磬ǱڱϵӰ
ʱа֡˶ɪɪǵӶ˪ǣȻȴǿϵɢˣǼѵŲǰУҪĸоӵǿˣÿһǼļޡ
ٶҶˣҲһ˭л룬Ϳˡав˵ԵĮͫɨаͺһۣ漴Ŀ⿴ǰ͸һĨµļ֮⡣
Χ֮أвӰȻȴʬ壬ں֮Уɣ·ܹܵյķ绪۾ŵģ͸ǿҵԼִǣǵȴš
Щˣǰǰǰϵ̤ƬżˣܲңǶṳֲ̂ĺŵ
ǰں֮ϵľӰü˪˶͸ŵӰĺ⣬˫ôǰˣĮȻ֮мϷŰ֮⣬ÿǰУΨһĵƷˣ֮⣬ļįܹСһγһΪϲõ飬Ȼвδϲñ¶
Ƕ֪ԼڶԷǾͬһֻǼįеĵϣȻǲںðΣռǰУֻҪԷ޳һ׽ֻ⺮ǿһЩҲʱнûĿܣ˶ûзǰУһִֽ
ǵǰǱסľӰǰһ麮ڣ֮У棬žŸ֣ÿһֶ·͸һױȵֻŸֻڣƬżĺϢ޷ӵż֮ȥ
١ߡԡСڡǰ
Ŵȥ꣬ɳ·ֻҪǽժ£ܵõֵľ
ΪŸڣ˲ŰսҼᶨƵĳǰޱȼ޵ĽŲ
߲ܵˡаͺ˲УһĳǸǰһȻ̤
ʥֻ̣Ҫܹܵõ裬ʹ֮ΪǵǱסľӰƽ˵ƺ͸һĨȻ֮⣬ջųǰС
ﶼ߲Щʬõ֤ߵһ·ֿɼȻȴ
ϱǿ־ʱ˷·̫ҫۣϵ־϶һʥ⣬ľս·ǿԵĺ˪·շѹɷ飬ûκεܹ赲־
ֲֿ̺дãգҪᵽ
ˣһ̤ط·Ҫѡ
аǰ죬ǺУҲͷſֲĽ֮ݻٵֿǹɺ⣬ǰֻ֮⣬ĽնһǰУ˾žԵԽԽˣﵽ֮ͣѹ죬аͺַ׷ߵĲ⣬඼Ҫ⣬ʱһ˿⣬ǿֲҪǵô͸ŷִš
ΪʥżλᣬҲûˡ
аȵһȫΪ㿪õ֮Խ׿·Ҷߡֶа
᲻̫ðգõԷ⣬ǶΣա
Ҳң
аĬ£漴ͷһݣԵãȻ㽫Լңұ㽫ҵҲѹˡ
ʱ־󱳸һ£̤еһֻʣһܴ֣ʹǱסӰ΢֮⡣
ͬʱֺаҧҲ߳һʣ
һͬ˰㣬ŭһ裬һ
аһĽǿֻأûһУֻط籩ǰϯĽҲַ˳ȥͬʱֽŲһ̤һк⣬ϵľֻһ̺ޱͷţݻһС
аҲˣΪһ̤÷ǳɣ̤һҪϳֻһˣһѾ̧
𣡡аŭ𣬽Ť˿ռ䣬˷·ֱ̤ӳԽ˻ʣ°벽ĳڣͬʱֵ⣬һܡ
ɱŭһֲɱ⳯ǰаȥȻаֱӡһ֮ϣ̼ؼеһжҪ𣬺˪ȫҪݻ٣緢죬ŵϼûа֮Уﱻ˳ȥƬ磬ں³һѪ
аٴζŵź̤ȥֱӽϵı˪漴֣źֱֵӽ׶ʵ֮ǰҲܴ֣ûһľƣӽгֵһ˲ʲôµľ棬Ƿֱӱɱ
ȤˣǱסľӰü纮˪³һ﷢һа֣ұǣ
ֵĹ֣Ȼаߣһʹܴܴ裬ؽû־Ϊã


2036 ໥
аͺֳżĳطֻʱֻź˪ɲţղþȫаһ̣⵽Ǳʴ꣬ܵˡ
оΣаźʵ
ãǹ֮бһʱ䣬±ûˡָо¡
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پǶٰɡЦŵõܱȱߺãﱾΣգٱȡ־裬¹ӿ¡

ż֮Уǿڣʥ֮󶼷׷׸ϸˣʥ˷ż羹ȻܲʥΪ֮
ʱַ㣬ȴѾʥʳ֮Уַϼ縺ʥʳʥ˴УֵʥͷԼػʳʥ˵ĲԼʥ֪жַϵĶ
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Ѿ֪ͨǰʥʳ°ɡַ˿˵Է΢΢ͷҲвַȥڵǺãȴʥǰȥʥ̫ס´ʥӿǰҲ˴·ˡ
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ַһׯ԰Ժ֮Уûнȥַʥӣʥ̫棬ֻԸŹ֣̫׽ȻѾӦˣز⣬ʥԸ⴫Ѫǡ
ұ㲻˵ˣʥԱ㡣Ц£漴ׯ԰֮дԵʥ̫ʥ㡣
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һ˿֮⣬ַƿƺδĴţĲׯ԰֮С
ȷܰҶ֮ţַ㻺ĳţԺ֮еʱһŮӵϣŮӱôǣ·һֱˣûΪĵת˸оĴڡ
ֻǿıӰıƺܹܵȻΨһ˸овǣһɫĳۣţĵͬʱȴҲԼڲصʵʵ
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ɳжŵᣬַ룬αװôӦǷǳ͵ģһ
ֲַ֪˵ʲôˣվǣɳĬ
𣿡ͻأһ˰ַ㵱Ȼ׶Է˼
ᣬֻǷı⣬Ժ󡭡ɡַ˵תȥֱԶԺ䣬ŮӻȻתƺܼ˫۾ȷʵĺã۾ҲһƯԶ϶һǸƯŮˣɴ
ĶƺܼȰ㣬ƺ뿴ǱӰǣȴһֱţ̵˿̲תȻ֪ʲôҲ
ã˫¶һĨЦݣЦţͬʻʢš
ҵȻԸģΪӽδʥʣҲΪģŮ˵ȻַѾˡ
ַѾͨ鴫ѶҲֱʥʳҵ֮аԼäҲʥʳ
ðɣַ㿴аǵ
ȻһҲõһλʥľʥаЦŵ
ַ¶һĨâû뵽аͶʦҲԵ
١ߡԡСڡǰ
ԲʥӦǹʥ޷صãԼ¿ٴ죬ȫµ⣬ɾ˶ʥҵõ侫裬ݸǵĻ޷һ룬ֻܿˡ
ַ΢΢ͷõ˫ʥʥУȻ֪ʥ״ͷʥ˴ָоȫͬĻЩʳҲὥʥţֻˣпֲ֮ˣܹʥ֮룬ˣܹӵȻԽǿ
ΪʥʳĹϵʥʳʥ֮ʥҲ⴫ʥޣȽʺңػʳĻĹʥҲᴫڸǣûʥ״֮裬򼸷֣ҲҪͨҪǿһֶûлġ
ַ㿪˵ʥַͨԲǲɴ֮ʥ֮ʱҪʥ̤ʥ뿪ҵĹԼ
ڴۡʾҲȥ칦ͨȻ츳߾ߵ˺ٻȥʱ仨档
ַǿʼ໥þԣַ㷢־ÿһֶ
٣Ϊ־Ͳӡ⽵򷨲ҡ
Ϊ޼᲻ݣӡ⽵һС
Ϊ־عӡ⽵ء
ÿһ֣⣬裬ӡпֲ֮Ǿ併˸죬ǼΪǿĹ
ϧַûеõʥ״裬޷־
ȻԿ϶ǣʥ֮⣬ͨŲһ
ԣʦУҲǳ΢Ц˵
̨ĵӣʥ̨ҪΪͱû֮ַͷ˵аַĻаһҪ̨һɿֲ


2037 Ƶɽ
ż˵Ұ֮УʥȻ޷ټƽ֮ʮ֮ǵǿ߷׷ױЩϢȻЩ̽ż괫ȥģ˺ܿʥż֣ȹʥ˰ǿĴڱżϢǿ֮ǡ
гžӶȥơ
ַһʱ䱻ڷ˼ϣȻΪӵıһֱʥʳûλҲͽĽǲַѾõʥ֮ȥż̽ڶԣûĸʳΪַ㱦ɱ޷ʮɵ̬ȣսѧԺҲǺǵģοһٰʥĴڡ
ַûгʥʳ֮ԭҲܼ򵥣Ϊæء
аԼäȻʥˣַֻʥʳʱգַһֱڱչأæʲôʥʳ֪Ȼһֱַ㴫Ѫ飬ٲȥߴַ㣬ֻҪַ㻹ʥʳ㹻ˡ
ʱһŵׯ԰Ժ䣬ַס֮Уַһ˶ڡ
飬Ժٺַһ飬Ӱ쵽㣬Ժ͸˯ɡκɸ΢΢¡ĶӣܰЦ⣬뿪֮о˵ʲôַ˺ӣڿҪˡ
ĸףͱˡַЦ¶Ц⣬ַκɣĶҸ˺ַĺӡ
ôˣԺչ飬ԺƷƣ÷ƷҲκɿԱߵƣʱ΢죬ӣҲЩڴأ츳ôַϣкõ츳
ĸ⻰˵ûƷҲҪַ㽫Ե§˹΢ЦʱɫԴַĻС
սѩµͳ˧ԺҺͷƷƵĺӱƬĽַЦ粻ϵܻøӵƣѩ֮⣬ǳعȣʱƣĶʼ㼣ң粼һЩż
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ڵʵǿ󣬳ҶҪҵʵһľأܹȥҶַҲ֪νͣҶȻȥ˹㺮صĹ㺮ſµĵ̡
ǹϱˣ顢ƷơҶģҶϱҲϣκһ飬С㣬ĸ޷㣬úŬκɶַ˵ΪϺַѾһˣ֪жǿ
סַ΢΢ͷ漴飬Ц飬ԼСЩȥġ
΢΢ͷаַǴС֣ôȻҲǷǳܰ˵ġ
ַһƬռҵģÿһƬƬӰ֮У̫ǿڣʱпܱ
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ַǰɽ壬Ψһ濪ţǱŷɥƵɽ̤Уơ
ַ㣬ҹȥˡĻ׶ַһЦʹַס֣ĵ¶ȴݵ֮С
ЦøĲãĳǰ̤ƽĴַѣЦѾܾûôЦˡ
ģ⣬ַ̲סһŷǰƵɽ⣬ƺʱ׼н
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ôţַ㲻֪ĿܣеĿħڻַۣ㶼·Ȼֱ֪ؼ޾ħٹҫɽ֮䣬ַƲ΢΢̧̧ͷһл۵ħ֮⣬ֻһħݺݵɱ£ϣȻȴȵĴǣͫͬһħͷ嶼ûжһ¡
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ٻף·ƯյУôƯţо˿ҸģҲûκεܹ谭ַ㣬ĵӵС
ַͷ΢ʹĽŲ̤˳ȥƲһУҪƵɽУȻڴ˿̣һַɫһֻһӿĵ֮Уʹ»ɡ
һĻַסˣҲ£ϣһƵ
ȴ飬ֻΪ


2038 ֵĹ
ĴƵɽ̤˳ʱɫƽͣ·͸֮飬ַ㣬ôǳǳЦţ
ַϵħһ̵Ȼ޴棬ֻ΢΢ǰ§ס˿аáá
ĸַ㻳ůôַļͷ˿⣬Ψ鰮ࡣ
ƵɽƶŵƶƣȻִƵȴƶƵɽɡ૵ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ƵɽϹżһ֮ĴڲΪƵƵƣµԵƵ
ǻȥɡַֻоȻ趯ϼôգҲͻλʵƣ̤λ֮磬ܲá
ֻˣ׵׵Ļˡ
˼Ԧŷϥ໥ˣǾ֮⣬Ŀصķ羰·Ҫַһߵľͷ
ַصʥʳ֮УĻصеѩµ۹ͼ˷Ϣӣַչ飬ԼƲ࣬ɰңӣȻҲڴ˿̣Ŷǰʥ·;֮УһŮı˪ǿҵɷ
ʥǷ꣬սϣǿ䣬ǵ۾ǿҲһˣΪʥżĿ٣Ѿ̫ǿǰ˷ƶҲȷȷʵʵֳ˹ʥżֲսһУַʲôϵأõʥ˵ĹУõ˾ԣû裬ʥܻټǿԣɿơ
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һգ̤λʾַһξħ󷨵ĴʹٶȱǿʾǿߣӦûκܹܵһȭȭâͬλʾǿߵͨһǶԸͨλ֮ˣֱշѹɱ
ħ̶֮Уַ֮⣬Ӱ˵ľ綼ַ㻹Ҫǿλ۷εǱսɱַļˣַƳΪħַ֮㾡ȫˣʥħ󷨡ʥֻͨҪеģڸˡ
ڼ䲻缧ôڣҲһ򵱳ҲϮɱַ㣬ַȫţټǱľ磬㲻սλʾҲٮٮߣʥܹ츳ǿֻԽԽڡ
һ죬ַ߳磬ӹżصʥʳѾдʱˣĶԽԽԣַʱնû߳ȥ֮ģΪӭԼΪ˸ӣжһ˿ͬѰĸоЩţŵڴ֮⡣
𣿡ʱַԼׯ԰⵭˵һʥʳ֮˵Ӱǻ
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ãİɡַ΢΢ͷҲˡ
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ַôվǣ֪ʲô߹ȥһİŮŮ֮£ʵεĽĽŲǹǦ㣬Ȼ޾ջֵĴȼ˵Ļ棬ʹȻ
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ַУ΢΢ҪŮӵ巭ȻȴеĽ΢΢£Ҫˡ
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ʱַܹŮӵݣܿǺõѪɬ
ƺܼѵķϸ΢һȻַˣһԣҲעǸԵҹַоҹʥʳûƭһǸǳŮӣȻҲǵһΣַŵĸС
ңһҹҹַˣ˵Ļᳬһָ֮ÿζô֣ϾַҲܱ֤һξѪԣҹӦû˰ɡ
εľڲҪˣֵĸоҲУȻַ㷢һ㵭ʧ䣬ŮʲôطɣңҹУ֣ȻֵúܽӲţȻƺ¡Ҳûпܵ˼Ǻҹܹɣ˳ͷ·Ǻܾõ˰Ȼǵʼô֡Ȼһֱҹ
ַֻ㲻׵ǣΪԸԼݣΪ𣿵ǣǵѪվҪģ޷⡣
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ǵѪеģпܱδʥʳʥʣŮģҲܳΪʳŮʥʣ
һֵĹ£ַôоģ


2039 
޾Ĵ½һȣѩͬ
ƬѩĹȣ̸ֲ꣬ڵѩΪϵĹƷ֡
˿̣Ƭѩ֮ȵĳһʥ֮أΧͬһѩϣʢѩУһ
ʥѩǰһʥļ̳ڼ̳֮ϣһʯڣеĹ⻪ţ
һŵƬѩŵøҫâм䣬Ϊ貣·ѩе
ѩ֮ԻһѩҲͬ㣬ʥ޵ûʢʢȴ͸һУңΪֵǣ˿УƺٶһǺſֲϢη
ܺãʱ̳֮ǰһλ׷ԲԵƵȨȺݺݵһʱѩ֮ȷ·𶼲£ʹĲѣ˭ŭѡ
׷ԲԵԣվߣһɫ£ǰѩ
ѩ֮ȣضϵѩ塣
䣬ѩӭϹʱΪԻ͵һʱԣ֮ǰѩǿϹʱҲضãΪУһΪŮԲͬѩ岿䣬Ψһҵϵ䣬ԲͬķʽɳһǱޡһһݡ
ȻΪ⣬类ߣΪ֮֮ҷɳȥȵɵ֮ʱӭ壬ϣϣѩǿѪȻΪ̫ˣ˫ɳǿģڣȻħ֡
ƽΪ⣬һʱգվȷûдѩ˺Ѫ棬ѩߣϵƺҲҪ顣
˰ţƽĻ֮Уƺ̺һɱķŭ˶֪˿Ѻܷŭǳŭµ۾ʱϵǿ֮ߣǸ߹ѩ֮ˣܵġ
Ĵ֮ȻҲֲгɳģҲȻѪиˣ֮ѩѪ
ȥ飬ʱ³һ֮
ѡʱԱߵһλ߿˵ѩѩ½ʥ˵սѧԺѩ֮˵㼣òȻȴսѧԺһӡ
üͷ΢£ɫâ
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ʱػ溮˪Įޱȣһ˵ַģ
ż뿪ַ֮㱻ʥʳ֮˴ˣ֮ûгֹҲ֪ںδһŮӻӦ˵
ʥʳ֮СʱʥŮЦ˵˵ַ㲻ʥʳһвСĻԵõʥʳʥ˵Ĵ֮ʥʳͻʳеŮӽϣѪˣַ㣬ѾʥʳʥˣãܿܽΪʥʡ
ػɫһһŭ⣬ַ㡣
ַʥʳĵλǱѰ˵ɱʳ֮жԸַȴҲףĻʳҲǼµģʳȹʥĵҪΪֻеȻˡ
ͷʥŮҹעַϢ֪ͨҡػʶŹʥŮڵʳҲǿֲҪһˣ˵Ķǵ۾
ػǰģԻע⡣ʥŮǳЦӦ

ͻʳ֮Уɫ£ϢԵøѹ֡
ƻָˣλ֮ϵʥʳڵ
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һġʥԱߣʥʺĮĿ⿴ƮѩһĨ⡣
ԼܣƮѩθɡʥʼʥʺǨŭƮѩɵһֵַϢûУ
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ʱʥ˵һƮѩĿһ˵ʲôվַˣΪַ⣬սַɱȻȴ⵽ʥʺһ֮˵Ĺڦ
ǣʥʡӦ˵

ַȻ֪ѩ飬Ҳ֪˫۾һ붢ʥʳеʱַúƽȻҲܰ鸹еĺԽԽˣǸкǿߣȻܹ׵ĸо̥Ů
ַ㣬ӵûУ֮Уַ֮УԵøܰۡ
죬Σַ
죡૵漴¶һĨº͵Ц⣬ϲұҲϲ
Ǳɡַ΢΢̧ͷգǵĺӣƬ죬޷סۣգһ졣
͵һЦַĻУʥʳĺأ
ʥʳӦûΪȡɡַЦ˵ʱ磬ʥʳҵַ㣬ַһ߷⣬Ҳòȥ
ʥӡʥʳ߶ַ΢΢ǷԵñǰԽַ㡣
ʲô𣿡ַƽʵ
ʥӣʥͻ䣬ǿƣǵõϢв˫۾ʥӣʥ˵һҪ׳߶˶ַ㿪˵ʹַɫ΢£˫۾ô
һսʳĳǶڣѵǸҶҳַ֣㿪ڵ
Ȼö֮ĶԸʥӣȻʥ̫ˣ۸ӣ֣Ǹʥ֪˭ˣʥȥҲǵ֪ͨǡ˿˵ַ΢΢˵ͷûгŵʱڣʥżʥȻ˾޴Ķ
ˡַ΢΢ͷںӳ֮ǰʱȰһʱհɣ


2040 ѩ
³˺ܳһʱ䣬ַʵҲϵıǿλʾħԼħ壬ĳʾ۷ʱַоٲħħ󷨵ãὥķӳȥĻٶħ٣ħΣʾ޵С
ַ˼ǣһֱȥܲͻʾĽޣ̤۵ĲΣĻŽмˣƾ޵С
ʱջһַЩԣѾһ࣬ȻСһȴδʱʥʳʥ̫ȵһӣַ˵úĺӳΪһ뷨𣬲鵹Ҳ㣬仯ΪˣȻΪѩ磬ٳٲҲ֮С
һգַʥ̫ڵׯ԰ӰźӣСôİźӵĿ˳֮⣬ȻַŲ֮ʱ˲תӣʹýַЩԣôҿգ
ӵҸȡʥѾΪ츳츳ѪǼѣȵ֮ʱ͵쵤ɡŮӵɳƵ˫źӣȻȴȴûתĲ棬ʾַӹ
ȻЩΪζԷôգҹô֣ضԷ߹ȥӽӹ˫Ư۾ַֻоһʶ֮УɵЦŵѵǸԵͷ·㣬ʥСһԺһҪúչĸס
Сһ۾Ưַ㣬ַоϲãŽʥظӰЦʲôҪǵʱҡ
Ӱĵ˵ͷַ̾һ漴뿪ȥ֮Ӱתдżʥ֪ΪʲôҪȡʥΪ㸸׺ĸ׵Ĺ£ּʥʳϣϧĸײܺ㸸ϣΪĸײ뿪ʥʳҲܵ㸸ףĬĬͺá
һ̾Ϣׯ԰⴫ʹŮɫһһ̵Ȼׯ£͸һǿѹĵɡ
һӰԺ֮УַڱȻԾΪʥʳʥʡ
ַ㾹ǾʶҲ΢ЩȻʶΪβءʥʵ˵
ܡŮӵ˵Į
ǵʥĸԼɣʥĸͨʥ֮һж㣬ϣܳΪʥʳػ֮һӦ㲻뿪˲ַϣʲôϵأ㲻ʥʳҲʱǰ㣬Ǻܺ𡣡
ҪأŮӷʵʹʥɫ΢΢һ
ҲΪԼôǿ־ܾŮӵ¶һĨ͵Ц⣬ˣ̬ǿӲܾܾˣֶԵȹҽһжͨʥ֮ʦѡʹѡַ㶼Ǽ尾ˣֻҪԼ֪ͺãԳܣʥ飬Ǻô
ȵʥ֮󣬼̳ʥ֮λȥɡʥӵ˵漴תȥʥʳʥʡʥĸȻʥĸĺ꣬Ҫ̤һ磬ȴûܳɹΪңܵشˣһжͨʥŮӣѪˣȻʥʳˣŵѪȴʥʳģʥĸУʥ̫ѡ
ʥҪЩɳŮӶŻе׶һǣŨŨİ⡣

ͻʳһѩ㳤۵ǿ߽٣Щ˵֮ϣѩɼÿһ˽ԶǷ
Ϊ׵ֻϢ˵ĸоǷŵ񱩡ǿŵϢţ޼ɵ
˸󣬶һεľ룬ֻôš
λǺˣͻʳк£ʱЩֱӳŻʳ֮дȥɵڿգȻܵǿϢȴоһ󾪲ǷͬѰ
ʥʡ˵Ųɳǰ
ҪʥʣͨСǰֻȻһֲ⣬ŭ
˵գĽŲȴûаͣ٣һɿֲɨһУǰ֮ˣȻһʱյгͷޱȿֲޣ·Ƭػûɣͬʱն·
𣡡ֲ֮Ȼ䴫¶֮ɫ漴޴ѩû
곤Ӷ·ʲôû㣬Ųǰ̤ȥͬʱһͻʳʥʣҡ
ͻʳһĮǴ۾ǿ߳߹Ȼȴѩ¶ɱһջѩƳǰ̽ǰһѩ·ֱӴ͸һץ˶Է
Ǵ۾ǿ߱һгһ˿ֲıѩìһУŶԷƴ͸ȥͬʱһɵ޼᲻ݵһɵ֮
𣡡ؼŭ֮󱳸һƬأѩأ·շѹ¡¡Ŀ֮ؼĳìȫ飬ͬʱ嵽ԷǰһƳŶԷԴץȥ
Ǵ۾ǿɫһͬˮ㻮Ҫ롣
һŭ𣬿ռ·ڱѣǴ۾ǿ߼ͬˮ岻ϵըѣҽ֮漴ԴץסֱĿһС
һǿ߷Ľٶ֮䣬Ȼǰ۾ǿߣǿϵԼˣɫ㶼΢΢һ䣬Ϊ֮˻˻ֹ֣˷ŭȺѩ֮ˣ
ѩ塢ѩᣡ³ʱͻʳȺͷ΢ѩˣǳҲˣʵÿ£۾磬ȻͻʳĴ۾ǿߣҲܺͶԷġ
ѩ֮ˣͻʳ£ΪҪ˴󶯸ɸꡣ
˵ͻʳʥݵַǰַģѩ
ַ㡣ɫ΢ֻͻʳǿߵַȷͻʳȻȴʥʳ
Ҳ֮ڣҪͻʳѩ˶ͬһͷ㣬˱Ϣ·ս
ŵѩǿʼһԲѩѩ˫ԸȫͬѩſԵѪսǴӲԼ䱾Գɳ


2041 ʿ
ͻʳǿɫѿǣǰ̿ԤǿʢԵѩĵλЩѩǿ߸ȴûа档
ѩɱͻʳˣͶɱˣǣѩˣضǿѩ壬һƬʥ½ûйʥ˵ͻʳǲԣзߺޣҲֻȥãѩǿߣƺǳַֻ˳֮ꡣ
ǻǰʥʳַǰλǿͣͻʳЪΪ׵ѹסͷŭ𣬼ŭȻȴԣֻҪӶԷĻƣ
ⳡ粨ƽϢͻʳǿ߶ܷŭȴԱ˳ĬѩǿߣǴ̫ˡ
ַ㲢֪ѩѾʥΪʥʳȴѾյϢңѩ̤ͻʳĵ죬ͻʳʥʳ֮УʥʳȻӼ
ұֱˣѩ̤ͻʳҪַ㡣ͻʳǿ߶λ֮ϵʥʳ֮˿˵ʥʳǿַǰȥַҪ£ȥ
ַΪʥʳʥӣȻҪȻַȥɣĻʥʳ͵ѩŭ𡣡ͻʳǿߵַ㲻֣ҲҪܵǣ˭֪Сڻᷢʲô裬ͻʳɱˣǻѵǸѩ岻ɡ
ԣ֮ڣѩҪַ㣬ǡͻʳǿһȥʹʥʳɫǳÿôǿѩ嶼ǣˣʳ߹ʥʥʳǿַ㱳Щܹסǣѩ壬ʮɣҲηɡ
ʱֻһӰͻأ併٣˷׷ʥʡ
ʥ΢΢ͷ˲£漴ֻһ˵ʥʣѩڣȻַ㲻ַһֱڱչֻҪǲǵòϢ£Ǹδ
ѩ塣ʥаڻѩַǺ£׼ѩַḶĴۣҪʥʳҲܲס
ȥַϰɡʥƽ˵漴̤ȥ±Ҫ֪ѩΪζ
ʥ뿪˵֮رҵַ㣬ʥǰַԵЩȡ
ַ㣬Щ£㡣
ʥʵ˵޷ַ˵ͷ
ѩ֮䣬ʲôԹʥʳʥʿʵʹַɫһʥԹѩ֮£ȻѾͬһˡ
ʥǰѩ壬ʥôַ㲢δӦʵʹʥҲʶ˴ƺЩء
ѩѾͻʳͻʳ֮ڽ㽻ͻʳѾʥʳҪˡʥƽ˵Ȼƽ֮Уַȴܹожء
ѩ˶ǿߣַʵ
һλһЩǿԼһˡʥʵ
ΪˣַоһεѹϣʥǰѯʣɼѩǿʥʳܿҲѩľ޴ѹ
鲻صĻʥʳԸΪ㿸ѹʥʿ˵ַĿʥһۣ˫ƽĿ·ҪԷ͸
ʥʳĸҿʥʱ㲻ǰˡ
Ȼַ㲢ԹԷ˵ʥʳĵλǱѰѩǣ̫ʥʳȫѩ壬ֺʥʳе
ַĿ⣬ʥƺ˾ϣתȥͬʱڵַ㣬һѩǿߣʥʳ֮УѩǿƣҲֺ٣ѩ壬ܸѩѹȻá
лʥʡַлһʥ߳ѩǣ飬ѩ㲻ͬϷˣǻֱշѹʥʳܹһַѾмʥʵ̬ȣַ²⵽ѩӦǳѻ͹ʥҲζţļѩ֮Уʥ
һ죬ʥʳƣʥַ㣬ڻʳ֮пѩǿߣҲӭʥͬͣȻҲЩΪżԶĿˡ
ϢͻʳвͷЦһ򵥵ϢУɿʥʳַάȣʥʳ硢Σǿʥַѩ˲ͬͣڸѩѹѩĪҪˡ
һϢȥ֮ڶݵʱڱ̫ķ죬ȻͻʳȴȾһʹϢܿ촫żΪĵܱʹ˽Ŀ۽ʥʳ
ַ㣬Ѿһûгֹˣû뵽ʥʳ֮УѩˣǵȥֻʲôȤݡ
żһɽ֮ϣĿһһֱδ뿪żҽǿҲѰżȻջ΢лַ㣬֮ȻΪǴƻˣȻַϡ
żƽ֮䣬ĿҲͶʥʳķλһϢԽĿֲˣ˫۾Źâ֮ʱ캮䣬͸һĲķţ·Ϊ㡣
żĿûôǿңż֮⣬ЩҲҪ
Ҳͬʱ֮Уаƹֻ֮ϣкЩӰǰװΪŹ֣һòȻĵʿһСʿ
ôЩ겻С쵰Ȼֳô󶯾ˡǵʿһӷɷǡ
ʦַ㣬ǡַ㡯ԱߵСʿԴЦƺЩϵ
ַ츳ƽƽۣ۵һʱգ˽յĳɾͣʥԼҲˣ⻹뿪˱ߣȻиĳɾͣ㣬ڲλʾ磬ֱ˱۵棬ַһָֻ㣬ʦͽԵ֣Ҳһ컯Ժɾ;˸Ž񡣡
ϵɫ£һ˵ȻԵСʿźɫʱøкʺϵһ
ַ츳ƽƽԤ߶յΪӣϲƤ񣬸ɶë˵һö֮·ַĳɾͶĹ͡
ȻЩ͹ˣϵʿʵǰǵģûٳԿͷÿڡ
ʦ˵ҸʦȻַɾ͸ˣСʿװúƽʵ
ǲһΪʦ̫츳ܣַʱ˱ۣȻĳɾͱλʵˣΪʦĴ컯Ե͵λʣΪƽòƽ츳ôܹȳɾ͡
ϵһȦƺδشСʿ⣬ʹСʿзֵ̰ʦȥģ
ȻȥʥʳۼݵַǱһֵ̣һЩϾʢǿѩ壬ؼʱ̻Ҫ۳棡ϵ˵
СʿĨ˰Ѻʦǿ
ϵĿ񣬲ÿɷ񣬿ʥʳ


2042 ǰϦ
ʥʳ֮Уڣַ㱾ɽʥǰӿ뵽ɽʥԺ֮С
ǰˡַ֮ǹ֣ɽʥ۵Ĳʶ
𣿡ɽʥ
ǰһʱգܻһδ٣Ҫǰˣǰַ㿪˵ɽʥֻʣ²ʶǴ˴ٵĽѿֲҲ뵽ʥ֮Сһʱܳѩѹȶټʥ˻Ķǿ
ãҪסؼʱ̶ҵһδսҵʶ޷ٺ㹲ͬ壬Ҫ˯һʱ䣬޷㣬ңһʶҲֲ˼ζȫɽʥͳַĸ⣬ͷһѡʵʱȵʵǿһЩȥΪǰѰҩֻҪһǰ
дıãȳԽȫҵԺһʶںϿ壬һһĴս㱾ҲڣϾ̫޷ҵģ˲ҪҵʶˣļҲҪһʱ޸
סַ΢΢ͷʼӿ뵽ɽʥ֮Уȥںһʶ߿µĹʥֻ֮ǿͨû⣬ҪսĽǿֲģֲҪµá
ַ㵱ȻԸ⶯ùʥɽʥǺ£ѩΪĻȻǿֱѹȵģɲͬսϷҪĴ㡣
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λǰʥʳ֪к飬ȥͨػ֮Ϊʵ
𣬱ʥӵ֮ʦӭۡϵ˫ֺʮһԵׯ£Ȼ𾴣ϵĹȥԵøľء
ԭʥӵ֮ʦǰȥ֪ʥӡ
ڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡ϵ˵һһ˷緶
ԶĿ⿴ߣ۷׷ס
Ƿһǵ¸صǿƣʥӵ֮ʦѹʥ츳ԭиĪʦ
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ϲַϵĳƺҡҡͷ⵹һֵʦͽʥӵıȻǺ˺죬ϵӦûѡ
Ƭַ֮Ӱʥʳ֮ǰӰɵôЦϻ쵰ʱ֮ʦˣ
׵ɫһڣС쵰ôЩɾͣ˱۵ࡣ
ãϲĶࡣַˬЦ漴һ׵ԵСʿɵ¶һĨȤɫ
С۾תתڵԵøȤַַ㣬һЩСԹ㲻ˣΪʦӣҲһ֮ͬ꣬㿴㶼Ϊʥʳʥӣʥҷһ£Ҳʥ
ַ㿴Сɵ÷˷ۣڣܳΪϲĵӣԤ֮С
ɫһ漴ЦҲ̸£Ժ໥Ӧ֤֮ʱٻ֮д¡
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ˣϲλǰһɡַЦܹ׵ʱʥʳȻǷǳĵģʥʳǱߺܿҲ֪ϢʱǱ̽˳ԭ⽵ʥʳˣʥĺˡ
ַ㣬ѩ֮ˣΪɡַסأ׵۶ַ㿪ʵ
ЯѩǿȻΪ֪ǵϢΪǿѾ¶ˡַӦ
Ҳ̫Сѩˣʢʱڵѩİ֮һ񼴱㲻ȻйʥһЩͨģ֪ҲΪ档׵ƽ˵ģ
Уѩ嵹Ҳʱϻ쵰ҳ⡣̵ַϲͦġ
ô򵥻Ҫǣ׵۶ַ㷭˷ۣʹַ㶣оֵ⣬ϲô򵥣
ν⣿ַ˫һâ
齻ѩȥ׵ۿڵ
ַɫ·ȸڵҪڣ̫쵰ˡ
ǰ⣬Ҳ²ѩڶԵʹѩ֮⣬ȻȻѩǰǿ߽ӻȥζѩ廹ӵģΣգǺѩʲô̬ҾͲö֪ˣҪѩҲ涯ϾҲѩѪ
׵۷˵𣬱˵ǣɵƯ㱻ѩ׷ɱˣ齻ѹС࣬ȵʵȥѩ彫ӻأҲʧΪһְ취
ܣҪߣⲻҪҲաַƵ
Ǿֻܱˣɡ׵̯̯֣漴ַбڣҲ۸㣬ϾҲİʦ
ַɫֺ쵰Ƥٺһ뵱Լӷӡʱϲϣ뵽һʱ͸徧ʯʱַЦ
һվҪ٣ʥʳʥַ磬һ죬ǿͬʱʥʳǶǶַһ˫˫۾ǵҪѩַ㣬кζԹʥʳΪ£Ҷ˵ʳҡǿʱ
һׯ԰֮УĺŮӽʥ֣˫ɴµԶĿһķ⣬˭ַܶ㣬ѩҲУ


2043 
ʥʳµľ磬ʥַ룬ȻӴ֮ˣȻʥʳʥʱ˶оһ˿쳣ʥԽӴˣԴ⣬һˣѹ
ʥκҪʥʳҪȿʥʵ̬Ȱɣһɼʥʳʥʶַ㼫Ϊӡ
ı֮೬ʥʳ˵ػʳĲǿߵˣַչֹػʳʥʥǵȻҪ
ʳ˵ˣңʳһٵ˻й㺮ˣػԽ٣ػӲŶԵøۣٺ滹λߣɲ⣬ʵǳֲ
Ȼ˻ʳ֮⣬йʥһЩ֮ǵڵĹʥҲˡ׿ڵͬˣһʱ䣬Ƭ޾Ŀռ䣬ĴԼǿﲢ
λϯɡʥʳʥʶ˿ڵȺ׷£ĵȺţѩͻʳ˻δǲǽյǡ
ʱ֮ϣһؼͻȻ併ѩѩѩǺ䡣
ѩ壬ˡȺаһ漴ֻյУһӰ̤Ƭ֮󣬳Ⱥм䣬ȫգһѩɫӰ˵ĸоǸ߰Įվǰ˵꣬˻͸һѪս⣬˫Ϊ죬ʱпܱߡ
ͻʳҲˣǶں棬·ºûκιϵ㡣
ַأѩĿɨǰʥʳˣ˵
ѩ֮ʥʳԣλɡʥʳʥ΢Ц˵δشԷ֮ԡ
ַڣѩƸ˼֣˿ûиʥӣΪӲ֮⣬ѩҲ˳ӦƢԣɳѩ壬˵ϵ֮һλѩ֮жҲһܺѩᲢ۵
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ôɱңʱһĮӴ洫漴Ⱥ㿴һӰ̤˳Ϊ׵һˣȻַ㣬̼䣬˵Ŀ⣬·ȫַϡ
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ʦǵûǶ࣬Ϊλ˵Сʿǰϵ̵
Ϊֻɱǣǲһ֡ϵĵĽ͵
ŶǶҪɱǣΪλΪǲһ֡С¶ãɫ
ղΪʦ˵⣬´ΪʦĻҪϵָָСʿԴСʿ¶ȻɫѩǿɫѾѿ˼£


2044 ׵֮
ѩǿɫ࣬˵裬ԻǵһΡ
ڳоЦȴû˸ЦаЩһﵽˣ̫ˣѩǿߵȡЦĶɲ˭ôġ
Ƭ嫵Ŀռѳɱѩ磬һλѩ£ֻ׵ۣҲʥʳ֮ˣ
ҲҪʧˣǡ׵ЦŵҲȥ²飬ʥ嵱峤ûȤΪ
ԭǧǰŵʥ壬ҪٱһΡѩ˵һ̣׵ͫȫⱬһʱƬѩ飬ֲѹֱѹȹȥ
Ȼȴ׵ۻ˻֣ʱ˶Ϣٶȱϣʹѩһ͸żֿ֮ɫ
ʥҲ˵Ӳд֪ǾôҪٸһءѩ͸ſֲɱ⡣
ϼһεǲǶôַͣ׵ʵ
ǰɡ׵۵˵ͷ
ҲôãȻ벻ʦΪλвǡԴЩɻ
ЩʵǺǿѩ˱ȽϿɱͻʳͻʳ˱۸ֵزȴҪΪūΪ澣
ΪΣʥĻʳ˶ôɱЩˣڵ
ҲܹͻʳȻųЩϾҴҵǲūͣѩıҲܲ𡣡׵̾Ϣ˵ʹѩ֮˺ͻʳǿɫ㶼ޱȵѿ
Ŷʥ޶ǲǲǱںʵ
Сڿˡ
ǻвҪʥţǲҲʾǺŵ¶һĨõЦݡ
Ȼ˭ðۡϵͷ漴Ⱥڵ˶ԲѷȰͷȽϻ͵СˣҲܴ󲹡
̫ˡֻѩǿһŲ̤Ϣɨ
˭ٷƨͰСˡһ֮ڶԷ̤ͬʱ׵ֱһƽǰӻ÷飬վĳɢ
ˡˡˣʥǿһ̤һɿֲϢʼϯأЩѩǿ߽ŲȻ佩վ׵ۣɫҪѿжѿ
۲ҲСˡ׵ĿпµĻɨĿЩѩǿɨ·Ҫñնֻٶ˵вǧǰͼˣʥķӶٹ٣¼Свѩ֮˭ڸҷһɱ⡣
ʱ׵ﻹĶŵϵɱ֮Ƭһ˾Եİ֮УЩʥǿж˵ţ׵۵Ŀ¶ɫϵʿ
˺ǳѩǿߣǱ죬Ҳϵô
ǣɱͻʳѩ壬׵۵ĿĻ֮ȻͣЩѩ֮һ̷·ȫ˰㣬ֹľ棬ʵ𣬾ǱŰѩ嶼ˣȻĦ죬ͬʱд˿˿ͺ֮ȷʵˡ
û˲·ӣѩӴޱȣͻʳǲʥʳиڣǶǣϵǣΪ衣
ַ㿴һ̵ľ¶һĨЦݣϲı޺Ҫ׵۶˵һţҪĻҪһ㡣
Űգ׵۵¶һĨЦ⣬ָֻɷǣ΢Цôֻ࣬Ǳ죬ûôţ۲ϲСզզͺá
˵գ˱㿴׵ۻ·ʲô鶼ûз㣬Ȼѩˣ˵׵˵죬ΪʥǿߣԻε̬ΧţЩϼһô࣬׵˵Ҫնѩᣬǳеԣַڣȴֻܱ졣
ղŻ˭˵ҪʥĴйʥʥģҪֱӸۣ߱лĻԵλĻʳ߼嵱õĻͻʥˡ
׵΢ЦĿˣĿ͵ĺܣȻղЩҪʥˣ˿ȴʶȤû˵ˡ
ʥһ˵ʵǻʳ壬ѩ壬ǣ䲻壬ʳǣÿն߶Щˣɲ˶ʥ۾ľǿߣ׵Щһ⣬ֱһȺȺʥ֮˳ǺС֮⣬ľ٩٩̸׵ۣǴ۾磬ٶۼ
ֻ׵۶ַʼ磬Цŵˣˡ
ַЦ£漴վŲߵȺУĿ⿴ͻʳλЦŵͻʳҪ֮һսɱкϧȻͻʳʥҪΪӸַվʥʻ붯ְɡ
ʥĿ΢£Ŀ˸Ӻַ֮ս˼֤ţΪɱַ㣬ַưոȻܣĻͻʳḶôʹĴۣңɱַ㣬ʲôòܵõĿֻǸŭ£ղ˿ַ㣬˶ףֵˣֻѩ壬ѩˣ˭ַ㣬ڹ
ʥȻȴ£ֻһʥ㣬Ц󷽡
ô˵ʥʸղǿЦءַ΢Ц£漴ػʳˣػʳҪַ㣬ַҲԸǰ붯ְɡ
ػʳ˽ĿͶѩǿߣɱַ㵱ȻҲܣϣܹѩǳʿȵû˵
ػʳλǰҲǺЦأأ˭Ҫɱַ㡣
ȺɫΪÿû뵽֮ʥʳѹԣȴʥơ
λʥʳҲû壬ȵʥʳ֮һɡ
ʱһȺͫ΢΢һɫк˸˵֮ػʣһ仰ʹòͷ΢漴׷׵ͷû潩֣ѩ֮ΪܵѹȲÿڱ̬Ҫ壬ֶԲߣʱ뿪ﵽʥʳ֮ۺϣõѡ
ˡֻػʳվһ˷׷˲ȫȥߵľĻҪ죬ѩ˵ȻҲ뿪ˣЩȥӰַͫȴһâЩ˿ºܿɡ
Ȼǻšһ˲Ҷ㣬ѩҶˣǻѩɱ㣬˵ֿʥʥʳѹ׵ߵַ˵˵ǰ㣬Щȥ֮ûԶʥʳԶͣˣôǿ߻۶棬ô뿪ô
СһĲ࣬Ϳˣ׵̾һַĬ漴ͷ


2045 Ϣķ籩
ʥʳʥվһַߣַ㣬ѩɱģΪ̰ͼ֮侮ʯʹ˰֡
ףʥʳҪƴԼĺӡַƽڣʹʥʳʥĿһƷâַ˵Ȼеаοʥʳ׵Щʥˣ׵޶ȥҪɱɱһ֮׵ۿԷʥʳС
ѩЩʳʥҲѩɵ׵Ƕѩɱı죬ͻʳ׵۵ķҲֻԣַܹʥʳʥȻο
ʥȻΪδʥʣ뵣ģһʳλ㲻ҪʥӵĳУܹҡ˵ġʥʿڵ⣬һǲʥʳǿһһʳܹΪһֵѹ
ѩ˱㽻ңע㺮ˣˣûѩ嶯֣û˸ҧˡ׵ƽ˵ʱ˷׷׵ͷ漴ʥʻ˻֣ʱһʥʳǿ˸Ϣĳ
ȥɡַƽ˵漴Ų̧̤һιŴ֮ȥѾоˣʥʳ֮⣬һɺ֮ɢȻЩǿۼǡ
ַ뿪֮󣬴֮ϣһɫ۵ӰǣԶȥӰĽŲ΢΢һ̤ҲС
ӹʥʳ֮⣬Щ۵Ⱥ֮ӰƮĿԶһ
ַ㣬ˡ
λ׼ˣѩַ㣬ʥˣ˽סȺ׷׿˵ȻȴֻյеһӰƬֱ̲ͣӴͷϿպХʹɫ΢͡
׷
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µϢһǿӰͬʱգƬϿ֮أǿֲХͬһӰӰ㡣
ʲôˣÿµϢ
ǿЩˣö
ʥ·ϣ˷׷̧ͷյдͷӹӰǽԶоβΪ𾪣ЩϢ̫ˡ
ʥʳģ˵ַѩǿߣѵǡ
пܣҪ´սߣȥ
ɨĿֲӰ˲ǰУַһ嫹Ŀռ֮أȻֹͣ˼ǰУһǿӰڵϣѿ첻ϣǽŲصɲǣ¿ռӲʯϵĳƣŰӳȥεѹƬؼɨХĿ糯Զɨȥ
֮еƲķţؼ·Щ׷ǿ߷׷׽ٶվ֮УǵӰ˲ϢɢַǳְΧ֮ƣ·Ҫַ˲ѷɡ
ʥʳҪ£֮УͻʳʥĮڣһɿѹ
ѩַ֮Թʥʳ֣Ȼַһʳʥӣ˭ҪַĻˣϾɲֻʥʳӵлʥʵ˵վַա
˵Ŀ⳯ѩǿȥؼһɺϢȻֻʱ׵ߵǿһŲ̤Ȼ䳯ѩǿ̤ȥֲѹ·𶼳ѩͷţʹѩǿͫ΢΢£ɫ
ʥǿû˿˵ֻվѩγһΧ֮ƣǺѾˣѩ˶ַ㣬͸Ҷѩᣬѩԡ
εѹʹѩ˽Զɫһѽ׵ϵ͸ȻֲòϵĻֻΧȴֻ֣ǣǲҶַ㣬һʥǵѩ壬ǣȴûɱѩһˣ־֮£ѩˣҲʥ˳ֵģֻҪʥ˲֣ܹҵʥģҲǣǳѩǿ߾Χˣɲʵѩ岻Ϊ¸ôжϾ׵ûжѩһһ
ȻӲҪɱַǾۣǣ־£ǲѩȥַ㣬ԣ˭Ҳܶ˭Ľ־档
Ȼһ̣еǿǶˣȫ¿յַ΢΢̤һȻҲڴʱʥʳǿ߷ֲַػڴ˵ء
ʥʳղܵסˡػɫģ֮⣬ƽΧǿҲ΢΢̤һѹֱַ㡣
ˡˡֻһӰ˸ʥʳǿߵַϿ֮أŹ㺮ˣ׵˵صҪ㺮
һƮƮӰȺӪ֮УôϢվַַĿ˸£ȥͫײɵ΢΢£Ȼ
Ůۣ϶ɴַ㣬ôվǡ
ԭʵôǿַܵϢǳΪ⣬ʥʳΪѡʥ̫Ƿǳǿǰʱ¶ֵʣȴһˡΨǿ˿֣ܲ˿̣ȴᵽ
ŵѹֵռڰ֮ƺܹĸܵеƲ·𶼾ֹҲͣϢôֲǿ߻һ𣬴սһľ棬ʥҲǼ亱ģ궼ѵһ˾档
Զ˽ԶоͷվԶĿ̫⳯ĻһսǿֲǺɨأ⵽
ˣڣһɷϢյ̤һվ֮ϣȻǣ˲Щеһλֻʾ۷ǿߣꯡ
⽩ֵľ棬ҪƣƵˣꯡ
ַĿ̧𣬿֮ꯣɫƽĮȻʵһֱڵȴЩǿ߶֣˭ȻЩȻеĸҪѩ˲ֵܳʱվ˳۷սַ㣬ɱַ㱳ʵҲ޻˵ɡ
ꯣ½ʾһñ֮£ס
Ϊģһķ籩Хǿߵͬһ㾲ֹǣû˶֣·˿̵İʯ쾪ǰࡣ
գΣַɣôѹȶӳ죬ϵĶҲҪ
꯵󣬳һ˸˽ɫĳìңַָ㣬µ²ݣй˽ɫķ籩
ɱһȣ޾ĳìƿգַɱȥͬһɫ绮˳죬ɱַ㣬ǹɽֵƽڱû֪ⳡ籩ݻǶЩʳԼ˶ԣǶֻ֪һ㣬ַ㣬Ҫ


2046 ɱû
ַһ޽ֱָգֱ͸ſֲѹ
ˣֳַֻĴ£ʱ޽޾ĳìѵķײһɷ籩ַŲ̤أֱӳϷ·Юһ֮ʥ飬֮ٵĳۡ
һб¿յַ㣬Ų΢̤죬ì֣ٶȷշѹȥͬʱƣһ޼᲻ݵѪìű֮ףƬ͸һɱ֮ɱޱȡ
ַͫڣޱߣϹЮһʥ飬ǿµĳìһֱӺһȭȭâ֮ϸħʥ飬̤λ֮۶ʥ֮ſµħٿ裬ͬ߰ıըַȭͷ֮ϣɵ׹⣬֮һжҪ޾ɱìַ˺ˡ
˿˵Ľ棬ǳĬû˸棬ȴ΢вñ֮ǿޱȣ֮ɱȻ̤λʾַһȭ˺ɲǽٹһȭ̺Ŀֲ棬ַ֮¾ǿһǱѰľء
е˶ԣʽѾ̶ֳȣַ㲻ҲҪˣ̤ʥ̨ʥ츳ɱҲǺ
꯼ַƿɱһεɱ·ҪֱӴ͸ꡣ
ֻһɱ꯵·һ޶ñκεıнܿƣ֮꣬ͬ£᲻ɴݡ
ַɱУʶ꯵ı֮֮ͷ̾ѹ츳ܳΪʾµ֮һֵ⣬۹·ȷʵ֪ղ׿˭ǿᡣ
ַֻȻӶ£һӡ·Ƭ磬һεУһӡ֮ͬӡڹӡ֮ϣ޷ȥΨн
еıȻ仯˾޵ֻ˫־𣬶ʱ޾ıŵһ𣬻һͷ
ննŭХһУӡмѿ꯿µıݻһС
Ȼڸӡɲǣ꯱㿴һµľ޽նɱ·ʱնǾ޽·̺ϵоܵ䡢˳˯Ҫأأ͸˿ռ䣬ն˹һʾ۷֮ͨ۾ǿߣҪһն
꯵ϣɢ֮⣬̼佫˶ͬʱĴٶ⻹δţֱնͬʱȥһŶܳ꯵ǰȻɱֱӻ룬֮ըѵ
꣡촫ն꯵ϣѡը꯵屻òϺˣ¶һĨѪϵ·𶼱廮һֱߡ
µķ𺳣ͬҲַĹַĹȵˣʱڵĽҪֲ٣ΪѾʵ۷ΣʾļޣϾӦǵ۾ַ㲻һλʵʱôǿ۷徳һκܳľ룬ĳɳǱǿֲġ
һ֮Ҳַܿ츳ֲ֮ͬޣ۷徳֮ʱǵս޴޴Ĳ죬ĨȥͨĲ࣬ǵ츳࣬õַҲ۷ΪꯣַĲཫǿֲģʱ꯿»ᱻַ״ݿ塣
ʱ꯵Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ս޷ܵģó֮ڹ֮ϾȻַѹˣַ㶯õǹʥɲܽܣϾַһκʱλʡ
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꯿һĻͻȻ䰲һͼ֮ҪУΧХɱµ˼¡
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Ŀ¶֮⣬ͬʱз֮⣬Ǳ֮ñ֮ӵб֮֮꣬Ǳ֮ߣɿȻȴƲַĽǣڱб˻ܡ
꯵̤˳ȥŭХȫַ㹥·Ҫ߱
Ȼ޽֮ҪѹǴ޽ɲǣ·ʧȥԭеĿǹƾѾסˡ
ã꯵ɫһʥѹصʥ꯹ǿ󣬿߱ɱۣȴַʥסˣǿĹѹסֻзˣͷſϢһ̤꯶ȥ
ꯣ۱һȴȻ˿̾޽Ѿ٣꯵·𶼱ѹסˣֻоԼǰȻ֮У޾ķ͸¡һ죬޽ֱӺݺݵϣ촫Ǳ֮飬·Ҫѿ
ɱ˹ʥʳڿգֱվַϿգֲ
ַֻٶȻΣ֣һȭֱӺԴ֮ϣȻ꯵ԴδըѣַһɿֲŶХ죬ֻճ־ֱӳȥǱ֮ͼֱû꯵ԴҲֱӱ̡
ɱɱ꯵˿ű˲̵ɱͬ˰㣬ַֻо궯ƺһһɿµϿϮýڵ֮ϣȻͫȴޱȵı
һӹַǿӰ£
ˡˣдһŲ֮µأƽڱƣ
ѡ꯳սַ㣬˭ʤ˭ܣƽַ֣ʤɱꯣŭ˼ѹȣؼ䱻һɸӿ񱩿µѹš
ĿսˡԶޱȣǿݵĶսǼδ
ַ㿴һӰѹ֮ɫĵҪɱôǻڵģ
ϼһΪһַһ漴Ųݺݵһ̤ƿ֮УһϢʥȫ˸еַ㣡


2047 
ַ֮УеǿɫһСӵص׶ߡ
ѩǿ߿˵ʱʥǿ߻ַǱߣûѹȣѩһǿȻ併ٵ֮ϣ漴һĴ̼亮֮У첻ϣ󺮱µһɲǣƬر⣬һУַҲñס޷ߡ
ʥʣڲ뿪ҵȿҪʥʳ˳ˡĮϯգĳһɵʥʳǣ˽ͬˣͬ˵ʱǾͲںʥʳˣʥʳ֮ǸǺһеһɣʥʳԣǱĩˡ
ԣôǿͬʱѹȣʥʳԿҲֻѹκһʳҪ
գôʳ壬ֶԸһʳʥһˣ³Ц
ȻˣǱ㲻ˣģǲַ֣ǣ»Ƕ㲻˽֮١Ц֮ҪԸʥʳ赲סʥ壬ĻʮַҲѩ𣬻꯵ˣҲŹַ㡣
һֲĲս˳ʥȫΧַµĵطֻ˫ӡ̤棬̼ǱĴһ·ӣؼ·һ͸ĽɫڣΡ봣ǣ㲻
ǣµĹڹ֮ϣȻǹȴȻ
ߣôһ֮֮пµĻ۶շ·Ҫ
һ˳ìɱķ籩ǳì籩УƴϽٶֱӺڹڵУʹһѵ·
ֻͬʱ漴ĺһϣڰһ촫ڿʼ߽ȻҲͬʱһصĹض֡
ʥ̫֮ˣɱ
ɱЩǿϮɱ£ʥǿϾˣ̫ܵʱ䣬ַ֮أӰվǱĶڣɫĮսµǿӰ
ʱһ촫Ķѵ漴һƷ·ԻĹŵĿϢӶӳ
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ʥ̫ɫһ崣ǣŲǰһ̤ǿµĻ籩УȻն˳ȥһնɱ籩·𶼱Ӳ˺ԹȥȻʱϿշһֳֻɱݻһУͬһ٣ٵС
ʥ̫嶸Ȼ仯һӰƬշ·ȫӰӣһ趯ɨգȻȴɱǶλá
֮ϣһ¶˱ЦǶ˺Ѷȥ
꣡ڱϵ˺ԽԽǿ֮ϣһ޶ҪַӰǵҰС
Ĵر˺֮ʱǿȴ㶣ûпַӰȻǴ֮УȴһȻ
һˣɸߵĿ¾ˣվǣһܹ̤ǿ֮УϣԻĹŵƷ·ڻ۶ԽԽǿܣǹƣϵڻۣҪݿһеķ籩
վھϿյӰ΢΢ǹԽԽǿʱʵȻоһ޷ֿѹ޷Զŵľжôǿ
еս˶ͣȺĿ׷׳Ƕ£֮ɫΪֵĲַ㣬һӰ
ղţۿַ̤棬ַڣ
Զŵľˣʲôڣ
ڴʱֻǾ̧ͷµȻ䴩͸գϿյǿϣʹöԷķĲţһ˫Ŀ⣬˻Ĺ֮У޷԰Σ·𿴵ԶʱһλǿһѹĿֲݣݵɿµ⾳С
꣡˵ĽŲշѹأ漴ͻȻգֻһ㽵Ͽյǿ棬ֻ죬ȥ
Ͽյǿһλ۾ǿڣһ̣ȴֿ˼ûУλһ쫷磬գҪߣƬռ䡣
ȻֻǾ˾޴ƣȻһؼ·һֲĴӡƬռ䶼ס۾ǿֻоһһһȭǿµѹҲͬʱһֱֻӳץǹϢѹֹͣ˺
۾ǿ˻һҪУǾֱӿϣ޷ֺ
һ̣Ƭض˰С
·Զŵľˣʥ˵ѹѵǣԶŵʥˣ
ǡػʳʥĿ⽩ӲĶǵӰϢǾ˵Ӱⲻܡ
ֻ˵ľֽ۷ǰ۾ǿͬСһ˫ֲͫףĺǰðǰˡ
ðǲҪɱô
һƽͬʯ쾪ĶĲ
£ͬ㣬Ȼ˵Ļַ㣬ǸղҪɱַ㣡
ôܣ
̲סţַ㣬ôܹԦ˹ʥ֮ԲַԼ壬Զʥ˵һַżá
Ϊʲôַ㣬Ϊʥ֮˵ǰ
ʥʳʥԼǿ߶סˣǸû뵽ַ㣬ܹԦһʥ޷ǣַܹԦʥΪλʥ˵ѹԼΪβǵһ塣
벻ף
һ˻֮ǿ߱ӲֱӱշѹѪƤ⣬ѪȲ̵һĻ̼ǿߵ񾭣Ǽ޷ĲС
һƮƺҪ룬Ȼȴֱһ𣬻ɢ۾Ŀ´ڣ˵Ĳһ
ʥˣԶŵʥˣʥ
ʱֻһ˽Ų̤𺳡ɻ
ػʳʥʣʱžˣ̲סʵַ㣿
Ŀת漴Ų΢΢һ̤ػʳʥʣֻʥǿûܣĿĶžˣػʳʥʣʥɽ֮󡣡
ţûʥ˵ַָܹԦ塣
ֻ˵ƻľȻ˫ôִ֣ž˵
ƿ˦ʹ˶ΪǬ˰Ѻ
ʥʡػʳǿߺȻǬɲΪ촫屻˳ȥ漴һĮӾ˵³
ڣɽ


2048 ̬
ڡɽĶػʳʥǬϣǬһ˦˳ȥһҲȺģػʳ֮ˣ˿̵һɫӲĿһžˣͫ¶临ӵɫǵڣ
ػʳʥˣδ
ǰľˣһλʥ˵壬û˻ɣʥѹվǣͷ·ֻ֮ʣһˣ˶Ҫݣ룬ʥǹʥ
𾪹ػʳͷǵʥôˣ治ػʳưʥΪ
½ʥ϶ʥʼǿ߶޷Ӵû˻ʥ˵Ĵڣǲôܻȫһ׷֮Ȼû˸ҷϣʥ˳۷ͬǰĹʥ㣬ǿ߻ӣȻ˭档
ʥǬһƳɣ³һѪˮȻûиоƱ෴˿̵ǳڣˣʥһֹ֮һܽԴ䱬Ȼ飬ˣʥ֮УڹʥʶУ²ַ㣬ܽʥʥ˵
ڡֻǬеĹʥʹһţ˶Ȼ˿Ƕû⵽ôһ£׷ɱַ㣬ΪγһʥңػʳڣǬʥԳϡ
ڡػʳǿ߽Զž˹ϹϾǵʥˡ
˵ͫ˸˿ַʥɽһʶַַʥ֮Ÿоɿֲôµѹʱо겻ȵĶĿ壬ҪӦ
ػʳ˱ϾǹʥɽĺˣŹʥɱɽĺˣɽԣһּĲأַ㲻ôֻǽѵǬ
˫ɨػʳһۣ˳Ĭû˵ȻֳĬȴ˿ֲѹ
ѩǿߴ˿ѾһǽѩỤУֻһ˴׼롣
аͷһʥĴڣֻӵķݡ
ѩǿߣЩǰΧַˣѾʱӶ뿪׼
ˣ˵Ŀѩ֮ʱͻأ·ʲô˰㣬漴Ƭػѩ磬ѩѩǿ߷·ѩУһɿµѩ䣬ȺȻķ֣˵һ;ѩǿ߶ˡ
һ̣˶ƺʶɱַ㣬ȻҪʧˣûѩǿ֣߳˭ɱַ㣬οڣɱ
֪ںʱ㺮Ҳ˷ɫĹĻ֣Ȼ뿪ߵûаԥʥڣڴ˵
ߣ˷׷ںˣȻʱ˫Įľͫϣʹһɿµѹȥ
ߣˣô׵ҪߣǾе͸żֺ䡢ϷŰһȺֻ˵ĽŲ̤˴֮ϣһ֮ңͬһֲľʯ˵ķȥ
ݣ꯵ӿֲֿǷ·һԶ뿪
Ȼͬʱ˵嶯ˣĹ֮ʱĻ۶շѹƬأ漴һȭƿգֻһ޴ޱߵĹѹֲصյУ˿ѪƬضһ˿ֲ֮ͬʱǹѹصʹǰһ·֮С
ˣٶ̤·͸գֱӽЩ˵Ͽ֮أ漴Ųݺݵ¿ռ̤ѹƬշ·𶼶סˣӲޱȣͬʱ޶ͬʱѹ£µĻĹ·֮ƣЯޱȿֲĺУȻȥЩܵĶ·𶼳ٶ
һ˻֮޶ѹ£ֱӽһλλǿɱɢȻһӰǿֲͬһһƿգԶߣһλʥ۾Ĵڡ
ַûˣ֪޷ĿƹʥĻʥǰʥҲϣûܵĻᣬͬʥʮɣնʥۡ
һѹľɽӡȥǵľ꯵ûȫɱ
ٿеˣԶȺȻķ֣˶ˣٶȿ쵽ǵ۾޷ϣʥֻ֮һվʳˡʥӴܣѾ˵Ŀġ
ȻػʳɻڣɰͷʥˣǵڣԶŵʥˣɽ
֮£Ҫ˸۵ġһƽӾ˵³ȻֻһʹԶͷ£⸶۵ˣǺˣ
ʳԼʥɱַ㣬Ҫַ˭Ϊ¸𣬳ΪƷ
ַһιʥ֮ĻἫΪѵãҲڶʱеڶֻᣬԺҲûмλᡣ
Ļᣬѵֻǽ˸ô򵥣Ļ´ɱأ
ȻҪ裬ʥһԶļס˴εĽѵ
ˣ˽̤նȥʹȺͷݺݵĲ£ʥȥ
ػʳλĿͣЩǿ߷׷׽Ǭ󣬵ʥʣ𣡡
ȻĻΪܰȻվţǬʼվûлɹǾػʳ棬ֻΪĳԭ棬ַһ
ʥʳʥ˿һɼ𺳣ǹʥˣζδ뵽ַܽʥ֮
ֻ׵ΪƽЦŵͽûУǱ۵̳ԽԽб۵ķˡ
׵۵ĻɫʱֺаҪϵʱйȷɣǿʥˣ
ʥ̫վǣĿԶ΢΢ֻǣַڣ
Ŀ⿴Ǿ޶֮ʱֻ׵Яʥǿػ·֪ʱǾվǣ·㣬а̾ϵĺܣĻɲ⣬䲻ַ֪㷢ʲô٣Ƕ·ַܣȻȥƣֻǰվǣغǡ
ͻʳһƬ˿̻ʳ治̮Ⱥ̧ͷеľˣĿ¶ɫô£ΪλǿľɱͻʳǺεȵǿߣȻûκεֱֿӴݻɱ¾ǵʥʣȴ˶δ
ڣ˴ݻǰ֮ʱʥЯһǿڿգ˾˵ǰ˿ǵɫ԰ף·һ˲˺ܶ࣡
ʥˣѡͻʳŭô
ǰҪΣʥʿڣԹʥ֮û뵽ʥͬҶѩһʥУʥ۶Ϊϡ
ͻʳ軻һʥʡƽӾ˵³·˵һͨ飬Ȼ˿̻ʳ֮ͷݺݵĲ£һ仰ƺһʳˣһʥʵˣʥʵɣˣ


2049 
ʥʿǰľˣĿ͸¶һĨ֮⣬ѩ֮ǰȥϮɱַ㣬ȻյĽȴ˵Ĳпᣬʥվǰ˵ͻʳ軻һʥʡ
ƽĻ̺ĺͻʳʥʣҪ
ǹʥ˵ַôĻʳԼʥֳɱȥַ㣬ȻܹùʥȻҪЩʲôʥʣ㽫ΪƷʥʳֻҪʥһŭʳ𣬻ʷòɹʥдܣΪʥƺΨ·
ܱȴʵ
ַ֪㣬ɽʥʥһƺҪԼ˭С
ַ㣬Ҳǹʥûκθ³ʥ΢΢ͷ֮ȫж£Եһλߡ
ʥʡɫһ
ʥһְȴưɣѩǽƣûУˡʥʽ£Եǿȫ͸һĨ֮⡣
ˣͻʳûɻǻʳȻȴܱݻ١ʥ¶һĨЦ⣬漴Ųǰַ̤ǰҪ֮֮һȻǶԵģǣôˣ磬Ҳһ
˵գʥʵϣ
ͻʳһƬţ¿յǿ߶գ˫޴ƽʥʺ֮ʱƺʶʥʣʹ䡣
ַ뿪ͻʳ״̬ʵϲ֧̫ãҪһ̬ȣͻʳһʥ䣬ʥҲһɡ
ַԤϵǰ㣬ʥʵʹʥ·˳ĬУûκһʳ߹ʥվ˵Щ˴ɱַĻʳԼʥ壬ڣڵҲԵøѹ֣·ʥ˽ٵУֱҪʥʻ峤
ʥʵҲЩַ̬ȴġ顯ֱӽ˱㣬ûٸַ֣һ֣·ǽɵ֡
һУȻΪʥĴڣһ仰һʥʵ䣬ƣ޷ɢʥϿգƺʶĹʥжô£ȻҲʥϵľӵܹ̤Ĵ˵֮ʥжôֲͬϡ
ַصƬսĿռ֮ʱӴֱӳ˴֮Уֲʥɢմӿռʧʱڵ£֮Уַ˳ʥ˵ԺֻоԴ·ҪըѰ㣬꼫Ϊ·һ󲡰㣬·ҪѵʾΪʥ˵ֱǺ˵ģûʥ˵ʶ໥ϣ޷߶
֮ϣ׵ϵɰȺڵ֮ϣ˫۾·𶴴һУаţǲҪַ㿪ˡ
ʱ֮ϣӰƶˣǵǰ·һ⾵㣬͸ǲܹĿ淢һУΪ֣һϵžƺԵЩŵһȴһλŮӡ
ʦʲô°ɣŮӶžƹʵ
ֻƹҲŻشǹ˿ھƣ漴ƵĵĿǰûʲô⣬Ժдˡ
ʦǺ⣿
ַдѣû⣬ʥ˸ҶȻʥҶѩءʮƽ˵ʹŮĿ΢΢һʦѩѵʥ˳ֶԸַһ֮ˣδ⡭
ԣֱ޷ʥʲôĴڡ
ЩСһ̫˽һʥļֵˣңӵʶʥʮɵ˵λ᲻ַ֪ζʥģףѩǱߣȻҲס
ַӦýʥ֮𣿡Ŀ⽩Ӳ
ʥ֮֮ζȹַ㲢δʲôǣôǴǽ١ʮƽһƣ·͸֮¡
ʦΪΡ￴ʮɣֹ
ΪҲַʥ֮֮ǰֶ𣿡ʮЦûзϣȴֻʮԴ΢ЦŵÿΣѶҪҳֻţγɳңҲÿζߣЩ¸ԼԵģ͵Լԣһλǿߵĳɳ񱩵ķꡣ
ʦ˼ַΪǿߣĿ˸£ʦַΪذ
ҿû˵ʮЦŵңʥ˵ҲĪĺô
ʦ𣬵ѩ壬ʥ˳ַ֣ûл·ʮɵ
ãΪҵĺͽֻܵһѩˡʮҡͷ
ɫ¶һĨɫʲôϵ
ҲֵУҲˡʮϣơ
ʦ𡣡﷭˷ۣѾͷߵӣʮЦ£úãİɣ̣½ѩǱҪˣԺӿɲôùɣһΰˣԺΣͿСԼ컯ˡ
лʦ𡣡¶һĨ΢ЦȻʦӦ˳ַ֣ӦܹΪİɡ
ʱص֮еַڽĻָһЩ겻ٶôˣӵص̤˳
СһоǲǺˬ׵۾Цַ㣬ʹַһۣˬûлɢʥ̫ˡ
׼ʥʳ˳úøһָоַ㿪˵Ȼϵȴҡҡͷ㲻ܻʥʳ
ΪΣַ׵ʵ
ˣóеˡ׵˵һַĻ
˭Ҷңַһ
ѩ塢ʥˡ׵۵Ļʹַ΢΢£ȻĬ£ڵʥҪңҸȥѩ壬Ļʥô
ˣͻʥʳɡ׵ͻȻָı⣬ʹַɫһЩ⡣
ȥɣǳҪԵĻԡϵһַз̰ϲģ˿ϵȴ룬ѩʥĳַĻôѣַԺУԤµӡô˵ַˣѩĹʥҲҪ˼ɡ


2050 겻ɢ
ʥʳ֮Уַ㰲ţ֮֮
֮Уַϥ֮ϣϵͬʹĸϵܹͬʱȲûԼķȻͬһƫ
ʱַ˳˼֮С
֮ʣƿǧ֮ǧƿ֮󣬱оܹΪһ壬Ȼ֮ʵ޾ģʥ֮䡢̤֮䣬ǹƷ·Զ۶ͬ籩һصȫΪһӵ޷ܣ㲻κַֻ֡еʥ֮֮ʱֳȻ֮Уǳ޵ƣĸܵĸожôǿ
˵ԭԵ̶ֳȣ֮ʱȻǵӦ֣κβʣȻʥ֮ʱַᵽ˵жôֲĳɳǱҪĿռ̫ˣ͹ʥ֮䣬һµĺ蹵ǵ
ַΪϲǣȻλʾĵħ٣ѹԼǱü޵ȥʥһѸУȻĿ֮Ȼֱħħٶǰһ
һ˴ħַ֮ǰħ̶֮Уһħ󷨵ϴܣһ̥ǵĸоַ֪ΪʥԵʣǰʱԵЩӦܣٶĸо
껹ӵǿˣַԼδǳģսɳñ˿죬廹꣬ǿһ󲽣ͬǺƴ¾ֻбݲеķݡ
ʱ֮ϥַı֮ͼ뵽Ѫ棬û꣬ѪΪϢڽƽϢ
ԶĿַ㣬΢ЦŵС죬㿴㸸Ϊ㸶˶٣㻹
ҪܳСһͳˡַַɰĻЦֹͣ漴ӰһߣԴյĶǰƺڸСһڵĶ
СһĥĸˣȻ󣬿Ҳʰ㡣ַ΢Ц˵¶ЦݣͱŻСһˣȻ治ҳˡ
ַ㣬ѩˣ治ٳ𣿡ַʵַ㱾ѩ飬ȻȴԼƳ˶ߣַ˵¾յսƽľڸ˹ȥȻƺʶûַ˵ô򵥣˿̣ЩĲ¡
ѩ壬ڵ壬ǿĴڡ
İɣһҡַ΢Цŵ
齫˫ַַϣӰ͸һĨĹâ޷֧ţһѩɣİȫҪģҼȻѩ壬ôѩزΡ
ɵѾͷַҲգԴĴ£һЦһоڲС
ַ㣬˵һ㻹Ҷһ㡣ַļͷЦʵ
һãȻñŮ˶ҪַЦŻӦʹŬŬ죬͵͵ƳַһۣҪһĴǵôŮϲ
ַһЦǲǺܺôįк飬ա
ѵºջˮӰ
˸־Ը¹ѣްϣѲ֮նӰ죬ֻἤñǿ֮ĸΪͣվǿˡַ˵ļⲻͬЦ㿴ЩʳʥʥʺԼʥȺô
ǲҲĽ֡ӵ
ҵӶŮĽˣƺһֱǱĽҡַ΢ЦŵȻֻ˵˵ԴףɵķΧܰҲַϧӡ
Ȼȴ˲ַӵܰʱѩǿ߾һνͻʳУһʥʣҲϴʥйµĲѩˣĿƺûôơ
ͻʳԪˣλһʥôʹѩǿüͷ΢£漴һĮĺ𣺡ѩʥѾ׼ʥڽή١
ѩǿһʥĿ⽩£һ֮Уʥȿֲڡ
ѩһ仰еԹѩʥήʥ
ѩʥǰʥͻʳʲô𣿡ʥƽ࣬ԵĿ֮⡣
һʳԼʥΧַ㣬ߣеڶˡѩǿƽĵ
ߣʥЦѩǿߵǹ޳ܣǿܵı˭ɣַʱӹ
еڶΣѩ˼ҪҵٶΧַ㣿ʥʲʵ
ûѩǿƺûʶʲôףƽĵ˵ͷ
ʥиΪãٶ˼֣Ȼѩʥή٣ΪλҪҵȥ˷ʱ䣿
Ҫʥٶȳַ֣㣬Ǵãҵ˼𣿡ѩǿĿ⿴ʥʣ
Ļʹʥɫ΢£ԭˣѩ壬ʥ֣Ϊѩ¡
ѩʥǰΪβֱӳ֣Ҫһ٣ʥʵ
ʥַ᲻֪ɣ˭֪ǷƣʥԶʥ֡ѩǿߵ˵漴վŲ̤ȥһƽĴݶ
ǿش˿Ѿʳ߹ʥ壬һַһУȥȡȻͻʳԾܾȻǺǣЦ£漴Ų̤˴֮Уʹʥһɱĺ⣬Ⱥ̫Ŀˡ
ͻʳʥʶ䣬ҪٴγϮַ㡣
ʱһ֪ͨ㣬صʥʳǷμӣоϰɡ뿪ӰٶȵһʹʥɫӲܾܾô


2051 ֮
ʥʳһλ֮ͣػʳʥǬҵҪַ㡣
ΪʥһϵʥʳǬַ㡣
ǬʥкιɣַĿ⿴ǰʥʣƽĿ˵
Ϊʥַ㣬ҪػʳǬɫ䵭˵Ȼַȴһֻ䵭ĿŶԷ
ǬҲŭֻǼڣǰѩ彵ʳԼʥ壬ºܿȡʥʳһһ˼ţҪǣѩ壬ʥ˽ҲϣʥѩУػʳɽ
ַǬĻĿ΢£ѩ壬ʥ˽ҪôȻϼһ¶ˣѩûưոݡ
ǽ㣬αסʥַĮ˵
˴ض㽫ʥңԼ͵͵ǱʥɣӵԽԶԽãػʳᾡȫһȫǬͼ˵ַ㡣
ˣʥԿַ㵭ĻӦʥذɡ
һѹȻ併ַϣǹɿֲѹַѪҺֹǬͷѹɲǣԺܱߣһȵϢȫǬϡ
ʥעݡһǬûջԼѹַҪ汻ѩߡ
еֹѩ壬ûϻѵҪٳôַĿڵǬĬ£һ뿪ߣдһϿ߰ɣһᶼûˡ
Ǭ뿪֮󣬱㿴һӰ˸ַߣʥʳʥԼ׵۶ڡ
ϵϲѩ壬һλʥǰݡ׵۵˵
ϼһûƽַ֮׵ʵ
͵컻֮Ȼʥ֮ضѹУʥҲһ׵̯̯֣ʹַһ㵱տɲô˵ġ
쵰ĪҪԼɡ
ʥˣɲʥܹԿ˵ģңʥɽŮһʶ˳˯УҪʥ֮ҲΪ
֮ˡ׵۵ĵӣô˫۾㣬ѩҪùʥӵģվҪԵģЩĺá
ַĬʥ֮ʥ˽٣ȥսѧԺʥʳǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ַĬʥʳһѹַΧ֮Уû뵽һսַʥʥ֮һʥʣʳԼʥ죬ȻûգһθµΣٶȽַϣһβͬһνʥʥʳʥ壬е
ƺֻпˡ
һʥʳڳжȹڶеĹâԵôĲãĹŶȻʥʳȺɸоͷְ㣬ͬʱʥѾʼܼĵһأǱϴθӵĽǿߣ׼ʱ˵ĵƣַ㳹׵ʥʳУһܹʥһսûܹѹһΣʧˣǺ˭ܳܣ޷ܵڶεʧܡ
ѩԵʥһأ˶ֻһͷɱַ㣬òַϵĹʥУҲҪַ
Ҵ˷жҲһôģʥʳҲû磬һжȻϢнţʥζ뵽콫ᷢոµİ
˴жֻ࣬ʳĴʳͻʳĮʳʳػʳϣػʳҪģϴǬַ㣬Ҳأʳ⣬һЩʥĹַ㶼û뵽ģ磬ҡң㶼뵽˽յж֮С
ʥż֣ѧԺûʲô⣬֮вСĶʥݵȻҲһҺұ㶼ˣһֱעַ㣬ʵһΣҵӰӣȻǻ켣ǿ֮Уַ֪ǺҷǳϤˣЩƽＫٳ߶϶ּ˻ʶ
ʥʳϿһҳҳѩƮʱǹѹֵϢʱ˼£һɹַʥʳй͸ķ硣
ټʥʳԵøİȺ׷ױǿߵС統УսĲ
ҲͬʱһӰ˸ַ֮أƺƬռ䶼С
λȻˣɡһ·£ʳʱʥʳǿ߽ԶоһɿֲѹһΣƺһθӵգǰεʧܣЩڶΡ
ˣ֮д̤ʹƬռ䶼漴ʥʳλ̤֮֮䣬ʹʥʳཨ̮ǹѹǿ˼¡
˻δǹɿֲѹѾ٣ַĿֻ̧һɹɿµƣϵշѹȻǿȴƬ֯һƬĻֿǹѹ֣ʹַ֮ϡ
ƺеĸΪհϵվַߣ˵ַȻҲо˴˴εѹжôĿֲ
һεĽɱʧܣɱ˼λ۾ͻʳʥɣǵڶεжʧܣϼһ˴Ǽ㲻Ҫʥ˳֣ƺЩסַƽ˵ϵԴȷЩ⣬ʥʳʥЩ
֮УЩǿߴӰ׵ĿɨһЩˣʱиû뵽ѩȻҪùʥΪλҪЩǰ֣ôѩʥˣڣ
֮һµĽιշѹ£ͬǧ׵۶ֱӺڹĻ֮ϣ̼䣬ǿ߻۵ĹĻʧʱһɹѹֱӳߣֱӽַϣʹַ΢΢һ·޷վȣϥǶ
ַ㣬գ
ֻһ˵Ųһ̤գֱӲַڣ˫֮һɿµַ־
ַ㣬̫ʥʶʥ֮ءʳĹɴһ³һֱӺַڣʹַƺһڸ·ܵ˴ˡ
Щ˶ʥ۾ǿԸ̫ˡ
Ҫʥ֣ʥѾˡַ̧ͷĿ⳯ȥ޾֮ϣһѩƮֻһλƽվǣѩĿ⴩͸ޣ¿յ꣬Ŀ·ַ㽻㡣
ˣѩʥˣ


2052 
ʥʳǷɣַɡϿ֮أһʥʿˣһʥʱ֡
ʥĿգ֮أһֲѹշѹֲ˼¡
ˣֻһǿ̤һµѷ֣˺Ļ
͡һ̼ճһӡſµĻ֮
һ˻лɳֲŭɱƬռ䣬·ڷƮҡ֮Уʱ飬ַ嶼Ѿ޷վ죬ӲǾ壬ԼıֱͦĿȴǽеӰȫ£ǵڶˡ
Ⱥ쵰ϵܲסˡ׵۵ճ˲䱻շѹ飬ǹɴ֮µѹ̵ܽޱơ
һӰϢĳַǰһϮֻۣĽŲ΢΢һ̤̼䣬ıӰ·𶼸ߴ㣬һ޴ĺӰ֣ڵַϿ֮أϥһ֮⣬һʥ֮⸡Ӱܣַѹѹ
лַ㿴ǰǿȴζĬĬػߣɵһů⣬˵¶ˮ֮ԵȻϾ⣬ʵزʶ
ߣ֮ϣһֻ֮Щǿ̤ûлصĹսƺһεսˣѹԵշѹⷽأ˶ƣѹǵҪʥʳʥˣܹסַ㣬ǲΪʥʳʥֻΪַ㡣
֮ϣһֻһɻ֮ռ䶼ڱֱӳַϿ˭Ҫֱӱַ㣬Ҫɱ
⡣ַͫĿ͸գͷűȥɱޱȡ
ַϿգŮӰûϮ£ʱԱߵһ
ɣǲҡַ㿪ڵ
ǻˣȵЩʲôǰһǹůĻʹַижΪζԷ˴
Լˣҡַƽ
ûУҵıûκ£ıǡŮӵ͸ɳ֮⣬ȻַĶУȴмϤĸоʹַüͷ΢΢£Ŀ¶˼ɫԷʥʳŮӣ֮ǰκιϸģûǻ֮ˣȻ˿̣оЩϤĪǣʶ
˭ַһηʡ
ǰŮͷ΢΢£漴ʥĸס
ַĬûж˵ʲô̧ͷеĴսս޴Ӳ֡
֮˽Զ׷Ϊִ֮ҲΪ޾ַۡа磬ɼ
գʥʳʥķϱ˺ѣƬرһƬ֣ѩҲˣǾվַͷϿգĿ⺮ȵЩǿ˺ѹַ㡣
ɱŮӡֻһѩĮ˵Щշѹĵøӵǿ¡¡Ŀ±֮˲ɨأеŮϵı
ѩ֮£ʥʳǿ赲£ȻԱһֱ̤ϮϮϾˡ
ŮɫһһӰ·ںϵһͷſֲѹ漴ͬһ޽ɱȥղϵըѣŮӵһı
ѩĹʥ¶档׵ɫӲҲûԤϵѩЩٶΧַ㣬ʥȴ¶档
ʱ޾֮УӰվһ飬Զǳİһ˻ѩѩʥһʮɣշſֲĦȻȴûκλײ·ͬ°ǵ˫֮Уȴܻǧ
ڴ˿̣һǵΧѩɽһΪ飬չҵ쫷磬ѩǿһϢпֲ³ͬʱ˵˶²㻹ǰʥû뵽㾹ʥ֮λȻֻΪˣҪҷ֮£Ϊô
ʥ֮ԵãȻģʥѰΪʥ˴ڣֺαΪꡣʮƽĵ
ӱѩˣն֮ʥֻ˳㡣
޷סɱ޷סȡʥȻԨԴѩôĪĽɱ˵ҲҪѩزۡʮһھƣȴǰַ㣬ΪСһҪѩ׵ˡ
вңѩʥ·һƬѩ֮硣
ҪһСȣ̸в㣬ȻҪ⣬Ҳ޷вҲвˡʮɵƲ̻֮ϢȻȴʹƬռϢ֮⣬ѩ֮һƣʱ
漴ƬգǺܳʱһγĬʥ˶š
¿գȴѾѹֵ˱㣬Ƭճѹֵ˼£ǿֲѹأ·ƬնʱпܱѰ㡣
ͬʱй͸գɱػַŮӣʥʳǿҲĵ޷˼ô࣬Էǿ̫ࡣ
ˣַۿŮӵһըѣȻڿն
𣡡֮ϣʮһ·͸ޣշѹƣԻأ˶ַߣĿ⽩ӲһҪɱַ㡣
ȺԶͶǿߣЩǰϮɱַ˶¶ɫַ㣬ӦýѩŶԣ־Ȼôݡ
ȥֱӸ£ַסʹַɫһ漴·ٶںһ𣬷һֲ޾ӡӡգȻԶ֮±
ҡַͫױ͸ſɱֻŮӵȻٶȻûϵĳֿǳɱµһ
ֻۡǰַǰŮӱ³һѪϵɴˣɫɴڵϣմȾѪʹַͷ΢΢鴤ܡ
ſҡַĿ͸Ų֮⣬ҪѣȻӰȴ壬еȴϵĳͬɶ˻㣬ȡҲǹַ㰲ȻػһƬ֮ϡ
ȿȣǰӰϵĿȳѪʹַĶ鴤ΪʲôΪ˵ػΪҹߣʥ
ַ֪ÿһ嶼ʵ壬ĵÿһ屻ı𶼻ܴȻδƺػģԼ
ֻϿգһ޷˵ķһĳֱʮһֻʣһɱ£һַֻ̣о˫ɿˣԵҲȥ̹Ȼٻ֮³׵ıҲǱըдݻ٣ͬھ
ʥͷŵֻҪһԽַݻٵΪˣǧ
ǰӰһжеļǿֻʣĽĳź󷽵ȥʹַҲ΢΢鴤¡
Ųֱӿַ˫ֽǵµȵıסĿ⿴ɴѾµӣַһοɴ֮µգһ̣·ݺݵĴʹ˰㣬׶ĵʹ꣬ڲ·ڱһ˺ѡ
һֱֲ·Ҫйеʹ˫һƬҡ


2053 ƽ
һ̵ַ㣬ףΪӦŮ֮£ΪοΪѪãΪԸػǰ˺ۡ
һֻز롣
ʱַϣһħĳݣнٹⲻϳ죬㲻Ϣ̧ͷеļǿߣɱ֮⣺ַ֮ղŸĲΪˡ
·˿µ㣬ϵķҡϣ˵ͷǼҵʥ۾ǿ߶̲סͷ΢΢£Թ䣬оһǽղַܲ㣬֮ҡ
Ȼַ֮ԣüǿ߸ӼᶨԼ뷨գַ㣬ҪǸµĴۣҲҪַڴ˵ء
֮Уһֲʥ£ֻ·𶼱Ӳ˺˰㣬漴һǿ߽ȺϿգˣҵʥǿͷ̲סݺݵĲ£оһɿ־֮⣬Ȼϵôˣʮɣʥɱʥ۵Ĺʥڡ
ĳ֣Ȼûɵĸоһɭĺ⡣
ȻҲͬʱѩ£Ƭ񷻯˱ѩ磬һλѩ֣߳ϣͬʥ֮ǿߵͷ΢΢˼֣ѩĹʥˡ
ʮɸղַŭ֮˺ѩʥĶţֱӳĿ⳯¿ȥ㿴ϧһĻѰȻѽһ֣ȴ֣ͽƺЩΪȻǵжƺвٺա
ַͷŻ֮ˣǹڵ׶֮ʹûֺ뵽ģΪûиȥ룬ʵ󷶳룬ӦܹػĻǺ֮
ز룬ַţǰһֱδ뿪ԼҲĲ²⣬߱ģʥʳ֮ػǣȴ֪飬ʹԼʹԼܡ
ǣΪһֱԼϡ
ѵֻһֱһĹ
ӿ뵽ĵڣͬʱһᣬգĵϣʹĽë˶üƺ͸ż֮⣬·𲢲ΪԼĻеˡ
һûµġյйһ籩ͬ˰ĵߣƲҲܶͬʱϢӡĵԺ֮У֮ϡ
ģҲ׼һҪһʥ󡣡ַᣬʹնһ̾Ϣ֮ʮɵ̾Ϣ
ɱȻҲڴʱһĺȻ쳹֮УʹƬɶĿռ̼ٶȱýޱѹֵϢٶɡ
˭ɱ֣ұ֮
һƽѹִʮڷ˾ƺĮʹնȻ䰲ǿߵĿ׷׶ѩĹʥƺֻܹʮɶԻ
ֻһˣҪôʳԼֹͣյжδԵЩЦЩѩĹʥƽ˵ٶȽգԹʥʮɣʳûзֵ˼죬Ǵűɱ֮ĶȻߣٷŻɽǲͻʳʥģңղַͬıǵĶУգַܲն
ʥʳʱʥҲ̬ˣĿ⿴ѩĹʥƽĵѩַ֮Թҵɲ֪ǰһˣȻַһʳʥӣԵŮӣʥĸҲʥ̫ҪվӵĻʥʳȻҪػӦػ֮˵ģ㣬ǰ½⡣
ʥ塣ϵĿ̧ͷգ˵
ѩʥĿЩƮ漴ƽĵˣƺɲɣЩʳʥͬѵΪǲͬ⣬ǱܰˣӦղǵķѾ׵߽⡣
ѩĹʥȻһĵַ㣬ڸλʥ˼𣬼Ҳһָܹ߶ȣԣûбҪκ˵ɫһ˿˼ɵģΨкһĴڣʮɣҪöԷףʮɡʥʳԼʥҲ赲ⳡɱģִţôѩ壬Ҳ塣
ħȻЩƺδ̫⣬ֻ΢΢óһЩռȦӵе˶ԣ̶ֳȵĽӰ쵽ǵĶԻ
ҲͬʱλʥĿⲻ䳯Զһۣ漴ֻƿ֮һӰ۶λʥȻѷ֣˿ǲʶЩˣҲǳһսˣƺ
ټǣӦøЩɡһܿ죬һӰƬգ·ַһۣͷ΢˿ãû̫ЩˣսѧԺĴ漶ټλʥۣʮʥ۾ǿ߼٣ֻһ㿰ƿ¡
֮֮ǣѧԺĴڣѧԺλһֱǳȻģȻǶǿйأսѧԺ漶аλʮʥۣһɿµˣȻʥ˲ͬС
սѧԺҵǿĿ⽩ӲսѧԺȻΪַһˣ˿ֲսѧԺ
ңսѧԺ֮⣬ļҲˣ⣬ϣʮλʥ۵ĳ֣ټʥԼʥʳԿ˳ѩ֮Χ˶ˣϾЩֻǳһЩû㳲
ַڿϵһɲǣ㱧ĵֱӳϳȥƺҲַ˼ֱӽԡ
ϣַ㽫ĵݸϡ
Ͻӹĵ壬漴峯¿նȥüͷ΢΢£ĵƺأܵ˼Ĵˡ
֮ˣ֮󣬵ĳԱ֮˱ַͬ㿴Ƶɽгܵʹ࣬ƶַ㲻Ƿ
ĵĵڸղűǿޱȵĹӲշѹɱԶܴΪַ߲ԴԴϵΪӡǣ֪Ƿиµĺ
ֻϽһҩιĵУͬʱһɿµԴԴӿ뵽嵱Уͼסϵơ
Ҳͬʱ֮ϵħٲϵĺյַϣȻַħٲͣĴ壬ɫȴޱȵĮȻ䣬ûκεɨյеһӰҪĿԺУҪɱģǰģǡ㡣
ʥԣǵڶΣڼҶԣǵ˰ɣϴεĴɱҲǵӰӣ


2054 Լ
ľûܹõģ˫ǿ߾ﵽȿµľأѩ֮ˣĴʳԼʥ壬Ȼûѹַߵңλʥ֣ݣ̫𺳡
Ȼеȴûаɳڼ˵Ҷţɱ֮ûиֺ
ѩʥǰ˼֮£ѩҵȾǰԲܰ;ϡлʳʥĮڣ֮£Ϊ˫֮ƽˣַ㣬Ҫģַ㲻ǲˣַ㣬ƿʥ
λʳ֮ˣ̫浱սѧԺôֻ߱ԶкХƬֲ֮ǿץżǰ
ǷĮʳʥŭһǼ֮УĮʳӡ
սѧԺ˱ӡͫױ䣬ʥŮսѧԺǿá
ͬʱǿĿ䣬һλ꣬׿䡣
ұӣʳǰԸսѧԺһλӣսѧԺӣֱ޳ܣѵֻ㶯սѧԺţҲܶǵˣգַҵȻЩʳԼʥһȫ
߱ɱŨ
мҡңڼҲսѧԺӣҲûΪǣĪҪ̫ˣôҲΪѧԺ֮ˡ
һ¹һ£ҼҺսѧԺĶԹͼ仮ޡʥĮ˵
ߣ߱һַԭмҲˣңҲ˶Ϯɱ
֣ϵҲŻˣʳǰǿǰպգѹʾĺ浱ҵȺôַڴɣʥսѧԺһʳ͹ʥ弦Ȯ
ͻʳʥ˵
Ҫַ㣬ѵҪѩ岻ɡѩĹʥ˵ʹ˵Ŀ΢΢һܹѩʥΨʮɡ
ִˣҲֻñһ̬ˣѩַ㣬ѩˣ뿪ˡ
ʮɺ̻ϢʹȺҲ֮£ʥҲŭģѩһֱƴƺδôʮɷУǣʮɶһĻ
Уĵ۾֮˭ҳֶַһָҽձնʮٶȵ˵ʹǰϮɱַʳɫѿʮɽ˵˾Ҫý˭׼ַ㡣
ʮŭѩĹʥȻҲŭΪʮɵļ仰˽նַɱѩ壬Ǳ˴
ҪһҪաѩʥƽĿʮɣֲĵվΪʥ˼Ĳģˣƺûʸ롣
ʮҲԷ˼ǶԷҪַ㣬ȷʵûа취
Ҳѩһʾĺ󱲼ʲôޣ˴󶯸ɸ꣬ô˵վҪһģ㲻ұһֱߡʮƽ˫ƶá
˶ãڣѩĹʥɿˣȣʥ֮⣬Ҫѩ֮˽˵Ļѩ壬ݲΪ
ʥ֮Ϊַãѩѹַ㣬Ҫһ󱲽Ȼ⣬ַҪʥ֮ƹܣѵѩҲҪҪɡʮɻӦһѩ֮ˣַ㣬ô£
ӣδѩһգֻΪһ仰ҪӴôַĿĮеĹʥ
ǵģڣһ仰ɲҪѩ˴ءʥ̺һ̬ȣʥһԣȷԾ̫飬˵ַ㣬һʳˣܾϣַ㣬ԡ
ңѩ壬ѩ硣ѩĹʥٶȿڣ仰Ƕʮ˵ģһ㣬á
ѹ֡ʮаһѩַӣѩҪߵľģƺܹ⡣
ʮɿַһۣĿ䣬˵ַһЩʱ䣬ǿҲҪһЩѹôίһСһɡ
ͬڶȻѩ壬Դߡʮɿڵ
СַȻľܾ
𼱡׵۶ַ˵ƺһ̫
СһЩʱҪѧЭϾûгɳ֮ǰ̫˿ɱ㡣ʮɵ쳹ַԺ֮С
ҵѾСַĿң£ͬ⡣
ʮĿһͣ漴ѩĹʥһۣƺʲô㡣
Ŀ⿴ѩĹʥʮɼǣȷӵİȫ
ҲѩѪѩĹʥĻӦ
⣬һһʮɵʹѩĹʥüͷţȻʮһҲ׼һԷҺ
ʮڣһַǰѩ壬ܻѩ壬ѩҪ£ַ㽫޶ӻءʮɵĻ£ʹѩĹʥЦ˵Цв츳Ȼλ֮磬Ҫڶʮѩ壬ֱԣѩȻ£ΪǶ˾ٰ䡣
ѩǿһˣѾڴ۾۷Σս£ʮ꣬û˻֪ܹɳʲôزѩַҪöʮ룬ɳԽΡ
һὫѩ塣ѩĹʥĮĿַ㣬
׵Ŀʮ޷˵ѩʥ׼Ȼ˿ƺᵽʮɵ˼㱣ųĬȻַʹǣϲʹôڶʮЩվ۷Ų
СһңҪִ̼ûʵʲôʸ񱣻޶ʹ֪𣬵Ȼڸ̵ʱ׳٣ϵȻΪˣϵҵ˿ҲСء׵ţַ֪˿뷨»ƴ
ʮĿ⿴ַ㣬˫ִŵĵûѡ޶ѵҲһ
ַĬȻ·ڵѪҲڵѪָУ˼Լԭڼŵôܣô޷ԼƿأеƽĶԻȴǲƿܿܿ˵Ҫ̵ʱڣվһλá
ʥַԵãѩ岻Ҫɡʮɵĵ
ֻѩʥɫƽĿ͸һĨ⣬ղţֻǸѩһЩʳˣѩǵĽûи
Σʮü
Ҫڶʮɶѩ峬ԽҪҿûʸ񣬼Ȼ˵۾ﲻö֣ǰɱе۷źһսɣɱԼûκε塣


2055 
ַһˣսʳԼʥʾ۷ʮɿѩĹʥɱƽƽ֮ƺ͸һĨá
Ҫǰѩսѩ壬ȻҪҿûʸҲǸһˣһб㶼ǿ̸ѩĹʥ䵭˵ǰϮɱַ֮ͷ΢˿Ȼȴδȫſһսַʹɡ
ַ츳սٿ£ҲܹսܹɱꯣȻͬʱֵܣɾһܹ˵ģ˭˵ղ׿ʵ
ַ㣬ΪΣʮĿ⿴ַ㣬Լһ
ͬ⡣ַ֮г֮⣬ǿµͫףκ˶·ڿ˰㣬ħϢĵĴħپ͵ǿߵȹڣħڷķҪ׵ͷų
ɱҪɱˣ
ãλټｵٰɣСӣȽѩ罻ȻˣҵȥҪˡѩĹʥ˵
ˣַŲ̤ĳȥûôǿڣַ㲻κˣеĻᣬѷɡ
ַ㽫ӡЩǿǿƿǲῴνģƬַ֮ǰ͵Ц⡣
飬ܣ޷캢ַ㿴飬˫ӻΣȷʵоԼܣѩʥ֮
ɵӣЩҽǱˣαҪԼܿ࣬ʲô飬Ҳ¶͵Цݣַͷżϧ֮⣬ڰοַ㣬ףҪַ㽫ѩ壬ַ㣬ʹģԸԸôǣˣһоͶˣ̫ϣ
ַ㿴鰲οỰȴֻоиʹǿʳʥ뽵ѩʥ֣ôǿǰɻסֻԼʵ̫Щ츳ԭʱΨʵ㡣
Ľӵ뻳Уַ㾲ĸ£һַ֪꣬ĺ󱲣İɣһչ˺ԼԼСģѩҵļ壬ֻң㲻Ϊҵġ
ַĵͷСκµĻ̤ƽѩҲƽϢŭ𣺡飬һЩʱ䣬һȥ㡣
ܺܿģһҪչ˺Լ
ַӦţܰʱƺúܿ죬ʱӡƻַ߳ߣѩǿ߿֮ʱ֮жһĨâѩʥ˿飬ƽĵȻѩ磬ɺޣȴС̣ˡ
ǽ⣬ΪһԤԣѡţѰ壬һɽϣܷѩ嵮λľ棬ȴǵ뷨÷飬ˣѩҪɱַ㡣
սѧԺѾ׿ǷˣʥҲԴ˼Ķ䣬ˣȻҲһֱʥ
ʱֻѩʥƳһ̼䣬֮ϣһƬѩ磬ڱѩ֮Уһ޾ս̨һȴţȻĳǡ
ǶȥɣƬռһҿƣκ˲ý۱Լսұֱӻɱѩʥ˵˵
ǰطʹôҵʥ۶ʥʵ
طҲʵ֮аɣҿʹáѩʥƽڣ漴ֻһӰ̤Ƭѩ統Уַ̧ͷĿգпµ֮ҡϣħⷭ
̤ѩ磬ַվ棬ַǰǿߣ޾ķ֪Щ˵ֻжô£ѾƴĴ㡣
С쵰Լˡ׵֪˿ַٵľжôĿ£ǣɱһѪ·Լķŭйɡ
ʮĿΪأ˳ֵ׼ⱾһƽսַʾЩˣ˭ߣ
׿䡢ղ塣
ʥŮǿ
䣬طӿ£ﵽ۾硣
ĮʳĻӣͻʳĻӣػʳûв롣
Լʥưλǿߣ֮ضţĴڣܳɳʥ֮Ȼգһַһ˳֣ɼʳԼʥַıɱ֮ġ
׿ɫӣǶеţȻˣΧַһˣʲôʵ飬Ƕ״µԣգҪַ㣬ԣǺԥĳˡ
׿󣬽ɫķ籩ʼŰյУһеҪշֲĽɫ⻪ֱӳַɱÿһ⻷Ժɱһλλʾǿߣͨλ׿ǰԻ᲻һ
ַ㣬Ȼͨȭâƿգ͸ſֲŭХַ֮㾹Ȼֱȭâ˽ɫ⻷ɼ˫ȭͷ̺֮жô¡
ӵ廯˻Ӱַǰ·ҲӰ漴һ̫ϵĺɱеĽǶȣصĻӰ޷·
ˣַŲǰһ̤ϿֲħıţȻ̫ǼΪĿ£ʮغ󾢣ͬʱıǿַǰ֮ʱֲһС
ͬˣľŵ˹ŵַɱ˹Щһ֣Ҫַھľء
ʱַľأȷʵ˾
ħͬ˰ַѪ֮˰ţֱӻ˾޽һд֮ѹϢ޾ĹϣȻ
ˡȺɫһôµڽ֮ϣҲǺַ壬ԾԵշѹַ㣬Ȼַȥֱƴ
ŭХת˵ĽŲȻֹͣ˳ַշѹȥǶַ֪һɱӡҲɱꯡ
һ͸ſֲѹڣ˳ӵϣͻʳǿɫӲѿޱȡ
ˡ촫һʥŭ죬·˾ǰʥɵ龰꣬Ȼһ˵Ŀ־֮УǸӡ
գųɱȥһ̣ɫ԰ףȫֿûԮȻַѡ˳ӣ޷ѡˣЩˣôȥӳΪַĿꡣ
޽ѹڳӵϣֱݻ٣˲ŷ˹ַ㱾ȴ³˼Ѫ̧֮ʱôĺ䣬˾֮⡣


2056 εȲ
ͻʳǿɫѿ˼£еѪԼʥʱɱ󣬳ӣٶַУҪͻʳһ޺ô
ַѾͻʳɱʥʣȻǽˣˣַһѡ˳ӣĻĹʥɱӣȻҲɱӣֱĨȥһ֡
ϵϢôĿ£һʥֱ֮УǲϺɱĹַ̤ʥƣƮͬʱֲı֮ٶͬ˰ţеĿ֮ٶȻۣǻĹŵһѹĿֲϢʹЩϮɱַͷ쵰ķˡ
Ĺʥٶʹöһλǿɱַ㣬ֳһֲֿĹΪ̫пµѹʹûбǣ˶ףַ㣬սƴ
ңƴһαһηΣһ⣬ɹˣɱ
ЩʳԼʥǿɫӲѿ޾ı֮⣬ˣַɱˣ۱ǣʱַѪѾȾҡҡ׹ʱܱǣ̧ĿôķһΣ˼ϡ
ʣµǿˣ׿䡢ʥŮʹطļ䣬ˣҪɱȴôף׿ղ壬֮¾ǳֲģʹطļ䣬Բ˵ʥŮٶȼ죬һ·Ӱͬʱ̫Ϊ£󾢿ֲ
ʱ˶ǿѪַ㣬Ҳ͸һĨ񣬻о裬ǸӣҪˡ
һжʧȥս׿ƽ˵˸ַѹȹȥɫĹ⻷ϵնַ㣬޾ַǰʥ鲻ͷſֲ·㣬ϵնɫ⻷
ɱ׿һȣֻյгһɫĳǹͬ㻮񷣬ַɱȥͬʱֻ̧֣һɫ޶͵ַշѹȥ
ˣʥŮһ˳ȥַ󣬷·ҪʧȥУȻȴַĿϣһȭɱĵ⻯˷籩ϯɱͬʱֱ֮նλǿߡ
ַ㣬ÿһ̤նҪѣŭ𣬴ַͷϿպɱ£Ҫַ嶼û
ȻʱַȻ仯ӰȻȫˣ˲֪һı
𣡡׿һɫ֮أ֮һжҪַ岻ϱѻͬʱѹǰͬˣ׼ַκλᡣ
һʥٶȷ뵽ַ֮Уطͬʱ֮һεͷţ׿˾֮ǿַѾˣȻҪ˰Ļ
һξ䵽˼£һַ㻯ֱӻأѹ֮ɱ˼䡣
ͣ¡̤Ŵգͬ˰㳯ž޽ȥͼſ¹ԣ£׿͹ʥŮһҲûţĺ޽
Ȼѹһľ޽һɱ˼䣬޽֮¶һĨ֮⣬һҪ
𣡡䷢һ˻ͼȫû˻һֲž޽ɱȥ޽ײ·նͣ¡¡Ŀ±ĺھ޽֮ϣȻǹɱҲ˰֮
ɡһ̣׿˻˽ֱ̤پ޽ǰһĽɫ˾޽֮ϣʹþ޽·ҪѰ㡣
ʥŮôõĻᣬͬģһµ̫صӶ˾޽һ࣬ʹʥʳԼսѧԺĶֲǿߵһԴݻһУַ㣬ܳܵס
ЩûиĻӰɳȥ׿Ͻɫķ籩ɣǲϵĸȻЩɿ㡣
ͣǾ޽֮ϣȻͷѹһȫ޽ϣƽ֡
鿴һĻͷ鴤ţѣַ
׿ַһ⻯ͻȻ˿ֲѹƳ޾ľֱӳ׿Դɱ
ã׿ɫ԰ףҪ
ʥŮҲͬһĻɫҲͬ԰ףҪߣȻǾ޽ϵѹ˿˿ѹǣҪʯ١
ˣֲȭâЯϵĹħŭ𣬺ڽ֮ϣ˺˽Ļ׿Դһ׿ԴҵĲţ·Ҫ˺
ʥŮķӦٶȺ˸ٶȶǼĿ£һ˲䣬ַ⻯·һӰӰ죬һȭǰĿռ䣬ݺݵĺɱǧӰΣʥŮ˵·𶼱˰㣬Ѫ³
һ̣һɿֲĽ͸ŭǾ޴ڵѪȾ˾޽ֲݺݵ׹ڵϣ˼䱾ڷ·һɿµĽⶴ˰㡣
𣡡׿䷢һ˻𣬽ɫķ籩͸ַ⻯壬⻯ֱ޽֮С
ͬʱʥŮͬͬ˰㣬Ժпֲɱ͸ַ⻯Դʹ⻯Ҳһ̣뵽޽棬޽һ˿޽ɨ׿ԼʥŮɨ˳ȥ˶ݺݵĵڵϣƶ޷վ
ǵľ޽һ̷·ҲʧȥеĹ⻪ĻΣ漴׹˵ϣһ̣ѩ֮⣬žһƬ־棬ûԤϵģⲻһϵսƴַͷβƴɱλţλֲҲñȻҲһصһˣ֪ܻܲȥ
ŵˣûһ
ǣˮ䣬վڹʥ˵ԣҲ
ѩʥüͷһ壬漴ֻʮɵô
һ̣˵Ŀ⿴ѩĹʥ˿űѩ磬а̾ϣʮܿ
˵գֻһգ촫ѩ飬漴˻֣ߣ
ѩз裬ѩǿѩнţӵӡǣһյ䡣
ʮԼ׿ҵ˷׷ǰס˸Ե
ϴַߣ˿ַ״̬漴ڵҪز䡣
ȥɡʮ֣һʥַڣά
ϺսѧԺкһ漴׷˸ȥܿûӰʮĿ⿴λʹȺ
ߡʮһҲûжԸЩˣַ飬ԼɣϣҪԼʧʮڣ̤ѩ壡


2057 
˫ʥʳԼʥĶһĲսĻϢܿʥʥ˼
ȺζûԤϵһַʥ֮ǿƽͻʳʥַ֮˸ӿµսңλܹľʥˡ
ʱʥͷβŴ£ǹżûдº䶯
ַһ֮˴۷徳Ųɱˣ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵ˣ䡢׿䡢ʥŮҲشַң֪Ƿ񻹻š
ҲˣǰҵĲַ㲻ܻȥ
ʥ𣬵ȻҲﲻַս˴ţַ㣬ܶսһս
ҷ˲ǲţ׿䣬һ˾ӦַܹһսǲʵĴţַûô£ȻûսҲַԶĽʮ֮һˣû˵ֵַˣ²ࡣ
⣬ڽһ굱Уż齥ĿʼʥʳսҲȺߣû˵ַһ֣Ϊû˿ַٳ߶ʥͻʳʳȵǶ붼˹ַ֪ͬ㣬һսˣ졣
һ굱У½ʮ֮ǣһλλ绪£ʥݳɱ۾ǿߣ۾ǿߣλʥݻʰǰʮѾ˳Ϊʥһһš
ͬʱͳͬлʰǰʮҲ̶𣬱Ͼջʰʵ֮Ѿ˺ܳʱˣ˻ʰǰʮһЩҲʼĲŽĽаսѧԺֻؽԼäˣǶдǵٹ⡣
̨֮ΪսѧԺ̨߳츳ܶ˲⣬Ϊղô۱ѹƵʵɳ˵Ŀ죬âԽԽҫĿѽļ˦˲֪Զ̨ЩͬеսԣսѧԺټ½صԼ̨ˡ
ȻսѧԺȴ֪һ֣Ѿһûгֹˣˣ̨ҫ۵Ĵڡ
ַ㣬ڣ
ѩ壬ôѩƮ䣬һƬѩ磬಻ͬѩȻȴһ壬ѩ塣
ѩϣɲͬѩңһѩǿһ壬ǱѩĻ塣
һĻ壬Ȼѩһ壬ѩ⣬Ȼѩһ壬ȴѩһ壬ѩΪ⣬⵱ȻΪһԤô򵥣лǣѩһЩˡ
һգһСվһĹ꣬зѽѽ죬ƺûѧ˵Ȼܹվˡ
졣ʱֻһλСһǰԴЦŵٹҪһˣұ׼ʱѩļϴȻû뵽һ˵ĲҪǰһˣܻܲ
Ǳѩ˿ˣȻޱȵļʣѩʥ۾Եһ׶ɷң׶ǴѩѪѩѪӦѩ岻ͬѩ϶
Сһƺܹ˵Ļѽѽ˵ţƺԵЩ˷ܰ㣬Ǻ˵СɷǿɰƺѾп˰̾СһﳤȻǸ
ʱСһĿ⿴Ҫ˲ܺϱĹ³˿ֻؼһʥɵϵԪȫڣһĻ˵Уʹ¶οɫ
Сһճʱѩ˻Ÿδ˳ҪţȻСһֱ֮¸ϵԪѩǿһƿԣӴ´˭׼ĸףСһĸ׼Ĵѩһ峤Խ̵
СһŹֱӺһȭȻֻɣʱСһ˷ֵƺЩίʱȴǴЦСһԴЦŵ𼱣˼֮󣬱ʽ㿪ʼӴС
þûмĸˣҴȥһ棬Խ˼֮ࡣĿ⿴Զ̾Ϣһѩ֮Ҳ棬ӣȻȫȫΪԼһ룬Сһĸףѩһѩ磬˺ȻܽС죬ǣв֪ж۾ڶ
˴СһһĶ֮⣬ĿһƲѩıۣ֮˸ȻȴѡɼʵĿжǿңȻԣǺ£ܵǼµĴ̼Żˡ
磬Ҵˡ˵Ʈ붴֮У漴ֻһӰ˸ѩף˳Ⱦͬһ㣬Ȼȴһɱ֮⣬˲ҿûַԵᡣ
ȻСһ˫۾ʱ·𿴵ǲĹһĨܰЦݣʮΣҲȣһ̤ѩģ
ദһʱɡ˰˵漴뿪ߣռĸӡ
졣齫챧뻳Уգ漴̤˱֮۵У
ĸס챻黤ڻУ֣о³һǱػΪ𾪣Ϊ⣬Ӳ˶Ϊὲ
죬ĸ׸˵Ļ㶼ǵ𣿡鿴Сһĵ
Сĵ˵ͷˣҾֻĸ׵ĻҲ˵֣ҵĸףַ㣬ҽ죬ѩ죬׸ȡ죬Ҫ죬ڲסҵҰңҪһ죬쳤ˣһĸ뿪
ǱĻȻᱻԣ̥һֻһμᣬǣֱĸײ׵ˣĸ״͸ÿһμ涼˵λһֱǵãĸÿμ棬ʡ
һ̣ԺоӳԼ֣죬Ҳӡ׵ַ֣㡣
齫Сһεӵ뻳УһỺ֣ĿԶ૵ַ㣬㿴ǵĺӡ
ַ㣬ڣ


2058 յħ
½֮֮һʥ⣬һϵĲ֮У˿Ӱڲһϯ֮ϣ˴˿̶ڳ˯ǵбܿһʵһòŮӣͬһ˫ް㰲š
Ȼǵϣȴʼշ·һĨʱܻᱬ㡣
ʱԶһӹֻһľ޺ߣĿ⿴ˣ漴üͷ΢΢£ϣַǻûѣ
ûȫգһڻӦҪ˰ɡĿ⿴ˣҩԴַһ꣬ǻδѣǳ顣
ϣַ֮ʵܸһΡ̨΢΢ͷַʥ֮󣬺ܿϢ㴫սѧԺ̨֪˭ַ㣬ʱַ̽ҲøսѧԺ֮ǲ̫ġ
ַ㣬ʥݿɶɣԿѣЩŵļһ￴սѧԺǿŻڣƨ̨бһԣַʧһʱ䣬ȴڰ֮ǰʥݣսѧԺһ˵λãٶȳΪ˼֮
սѧԺкַܶˣϾʥһսϢʥ֮󣬾ûпַֹ
ʱڵϵַͻȻһǿϢϢ·ǻѾõ㣬ԽԽǿֱ棬׵ӿϿջ۳һɷ籩ؼķ·𶼶
ţϵĿ΢΢һô£
̨Ҳͬɫһ¶ɫϣַǲǿѹˣ
֪һлڵÿһ֮ʱȷӦѣȻƺӦΡĿ¶һĨɫ̫ˡ
̨ϵĻüͷʱҲ£ַϿյķ籩̨ӦǺ²Ŷԡ
ʱַһֻ״̬·һľµУڵÿһϸ·𶼻Ծÿһڼ·ʱͷţңϿգ޾Ĺ㣬ͬǿաӣѤޱȡ
ǣϵԪصַ·ǿ֮УƯĹ㣬һĸо
ںǰ͸оԸϵԪӵǿ׺ܹϵ֮ңЩ壬ܹΪ·ûư㡣
ںõľľ֮£֮·ܵĽӴʵʵĸܵԼܹ׺͸ԪأԸĻԽϵΪ̫ķʱ䣬ַ㲻ȥ̫ķ
ǣ׺ȴǷǳǿ
ʱַ΢΢֣֮䣬ϵԪعоۺϣ۳һµĹֻһɷ籩ϵԪأ·뵽ɷ籩֮С
ںϣһ㣬Ҹоһ㣬ͽӴҵĵˡַ૵ǹ֣·ҪεץסǣȴɸоûܹˮɣͲһ˿ˡ
ҵĵַȻ䣬Ȼſǰǿ̼ʧϻ۵ķ籩Ҳ͵ɢȥ
ˡϺ̨һĿ˸һâַ㣬ˡ
ģַȻϲ촫ڣǹɱõ·ͻȻͷ˳һɿµϢ
ַ㣬岿䡣Ա߿ڵַſԱߵԼ̨漴ֿŵŮӣͷɵ΢΢鴤¡
ģַӣ֣ḧգڵϣôˣ
ƺ࣬ΪΪǿҪʱĻָõģֻǲ֪ʱѹ϶ַ˵ʱַ΢΢ͷһ۶ĽŲȻһ̤Զȥϣҳһˡ
ţ£漴˵ͷַ㳯Ų̤ȥַ߳ʱϵĿϵĳ⣬еħٻ۶ħٽ١
ڵ·ָǿʢ˼ַ֡㿴еħٻ۶ƺδô⣬Ŀ⿴Եϡ
һȻǿ󼸷֣Խħٽڻûгͷŵ棬ǳ׳Ϊʵһ֡϶ſڵַ΢΢ͷһħٽݺݵĺϣÿһϸͷÿһδͷŵ
ˬַ̧ͷ죬ޱȣֻоޱȵʹ졢泩ǰ漸ΣħپѾ˺ˣȻȴнָоħٵ֮£·õͷŰ㣬ʹ졣
ʱڣһɿֲħߣڷı
䣡ڶħٶַ㿴գŲȻһֱ̤֮ϣֱֶӭӵνٵħ١
ϣʥһսѾˣַڵħٺ֮ϵʱȴʵ
һꡣԶϻӦһ
һˣ飬㻹𣡡ַ·͸գʥӰСһûУ
ĵħٷ٣ԽԽԵ·ΪַħٵĲмҲŭˡ
ַͫ䣬ǵħٽ٣˫·ֻصһսΣ䡢׿䡢ʥŮǶǻţȼˣã
ˣٽַϵϢԽĿ£첻ϡ
ͻʳĮʳʳҡҡ׿ҡǶ𡣡ʱַǹһĨЦƺа죬ߵٽ£ڵȫ·Ҫ
ڰ˵٣ٻ۶
ѩ壬ʥˣǺܺãҲԺ󣬵̤ѩ壬ͲǽˣַƽȻһĨƽеȴ϶еһĲڰ˵ٽ٣ӭħٶϵаοһ־Ƹˣ壬ʮڣһ̤ѩ塣
һ٣غХŭЯ֮£Ҫܿܿ
ַ˫磬ħȻ䱬һɱ
ַ죬һȭɱħµŭǻ۶µĿħ֮ϣض¡¡Ŀ죬ħٶ·ҪĹ赲Ҫ飬ȻַХϵֱӳǹɻ֮Уɿµϴ壬ħ죡


2059 ۷
ħַתݣŽ֮֮ϵħڽɢȥػָʣȻַϵħɿ£ͬһֲĹħͫϢͬħ㡣
ַ꣡˫һգڵĹ·ڲޱʹ֮Уλʾĵħ٣̲ص׵Ĵ˳Ѿһӿֲľء
ϲ֮Ȼʥ޸˵ƣܹ˻ָ֮ʤ䲿еǰ츳ôֳɣִ̨Сʼˣڲ֪̲˶ǱһͷűԽԽǿ
ַа⣬Ŀ⿴ϣʱַԣ¶һĨºЦ⣬ַ㣬壬Ҳеͬǿ߶ǿ࣬ħԵֱħٴ塣
ϣⲿžΪٲħǲȱĹΪҩ岿ǳʺϣܹڵ̲صǱǲҪĻұ㡣ַ˵
Ҳ֮˽ѭ򽥽Ǳһͷţʺʲôʲôȥǿ󣬵ǣǶЩǱҪեɵˣӵһĹҲ㴫ҰɡϿ˵ַֻ΢΢ͷħϡ
ϣ⹦ǳԵҲһҪСģ겻ǿ֮ĪַһȻף漴˸ٶȻص˲֮С
ַ彵ԣ˫ٴθգ͸һĨ顣
ѾͷΪôɵĬĬػȴϡַ૵漴Ŀ⿴ϣϣҪ𣿡
ˣʱˣȻͻˡ΢΢ҡͷ
뽫ߡַ˵ԲܾͷҲá
ַ㽫Ĵ֮УַѾһûкַˣȻǿַ֮ȴĬѡûἰ飬ƺճȥûٻȥǱѾʶһЩ飬ҽһַ꣬ҲûٳֹǵȻ֪еĲͬѰûзʲô飬һֱûлȥ
Ȼַ⸸ĸһļ尾ǲʣַޱʳûһж˼ˣü֪ƽϢϧַԴѶ򣬶ϵˡ
ַ㽫ķ֮УԼգǰȥħ̶ʼٶȾħ󷨵Ĵϴ񣬷·ҪдǱȫեɳ
ң˴εַӵķһħ֮Ϣ˰ʱ䣬ٶȽ˵ڶħ壬ǿ£ɸоЩ˺ѻٵֱ̫ˣħ󷨺ħٲͬǿ󣬽ҲԽİԵ
ַҲֻܳܵεĽ壬һΣ²޷𵽴ãзá
һδεħٵĴԼħ󷨵죬ټһϵİԼեǱַһֲأ۷ΣһȭĹ۷ֱͨӽ˴ݻ٣壬ֱܹӳͨ۷Ĺ
Ȼ޼κһ綼ûмµģͬһʵѾ۷εַ㻹δ۷壬ȴɿԱǿ࣬ζżͬһ磬Ҳſµĵԡ
ʱַ֪Լ絽۷徳ʱսжôֲ
ٲħԼħ󷨣һʹڷӳǵЧˡַ˵漴뿪Լ磬ʱ̫ˣڶû̫ʱȥˣ˵ʮɺѩԼʱǶʮ꣬ȻַȻϣ̵ܹʱ̤ѩ壬ӳ
ʥݣ½Ҫ֮ǵһʧȥķɫʣһͬ㲻ϵĳ֣ʰǰʮռŻʰһλãʰڶȴѲַ㣬Ǽ䡣
ַ֣ȻӻʰƳƺ˻ʹΪַʥһս䣬߼û䣬Ҳ²֪Ҫָãٴγ֣Ҳյս˰ɡ
˳ͼ֮⣬ʰǰЩƺĵȺҰǣ¶ڳߵľ磬۾ʰֻһһ֤ʵ㡣
һգʥݶһˣֻʥ֮еһͣȻֻһͨĹͣҲǳԼһʡ
ַ㣬ǹͣǹˣ
ʥݵһ¥֮Уַ㴩һϮɫĳۣͷϴŶңڶҵıԵƻкɫĲڵסòֻܿһģߵװ磬ûȻսѧԺʥ弧еһ¥
ʥ֮ǣʥ嶼иԵΧһΧУνľ¥ջ֮࣬ʵǹʥĲҵǿУǲʱ֪ʥݵĶ
˸ԵΧʥݣǵԼҵһչĹʥӵеĵ̣ܹʱ̵ƿһ֮ǵĶƿ֮ʮ֮ǵһЩ󶯾
˵ɱһλ۾̫ˣѾճ緶ˡ
һ绹Ŀռ䣬ûдﵽ۷ľ磬̫ˣǰ˶͹Ҹұ֤һӵ塣
ô˵ǳת
¥еţĵĻʾһε۾˳ֵƵûʾǿ߶࣬ңһε˱ģȻӵл⣬ᵽʾˣ뵽ģȻǼ۷ε䡣
Ѿڳ۾ˣһ̤һ磬±ܽڽ¡
ǺǣҲɡЦûжԣ˵֮ǼҵˣȻ˵ʲô˶ʶȤı첻̸䣬ȻΪ޷ͳȡ
Ȼôʶʱ񣬴ʱһƵĴ䣬Ǳλʾ֮˻ܵķţܳƵǰ޹ˡ
ţ
ôĵӡ
ȺһȻڼҵľ¥˵ĻһսȷʵǼĳ衣
ǿһĿⶼַȥʱͫâɨ
¸ղĪǺȶ˺Բɣʸô
ԣַĶ΢΢̧͸ǲɴһЦĵӻʰڶϯλϵ˵ģǰ޹ˣҲߣȻ񼧼һҲȷˣҲڰΧһˣȴɱ˼ʮ֪Ƿ񿪴ʥݵʷ
£¥еնȻֻһĿĶַ㣬ɱ˸
ҿΪô
ɴ֮΢΢𣬵ȻƣΪģ


2060 ɱ¾
ǿô⣡ƽӺɴдʹЩҵɫȻ£ɵ΢΢ַȥ̼䣬һѹַϣ¥е˷׷Զַڵλã˵δЩˡ
ΪĳҪһʲôҼҡֻһվַǰƽ³һǷ䱻ַܻհٻսַ㣬Ǽҵĳ֮£ˣھ¥֮еȡЦ
ˣַŶԷĻ̼䣬ǰľһĴ죬ֱӱ˺ѷ飬ɴ֮ͫбĺâľ
ģǱҵʥۺôҰɣΧˡңὫ𼧼ңΪؾ֮·
վַŲ΢΢ǰ̤һ˸ַܵѹоһľûɵһĨ־֮˵ѹ޷η塣
һ˫ڵȻӺ֮һħǼҵǿɫһȻ䱬һֲȭâЯµ֮ƣͬŭХһ趯ǰУڵȭâҪԷ׵û
꣡Ĺ֮˵ֱֱӱ˺ѵڵħȭɳǰֱӶ࣬¡һ촫ƺѵ˫ⷭɫҰף֮Ʈȥȴ˫ȭâֱ̧ն˳ȥһâХ翵걻ն
¥еɫ˵úݵļһȻֱɱ˼֮ˡ
ǼλҵɫӲѿſµɱȻڼҵĲҵɱʥ弧ҵˡ
ַ㣬ȻңңɱһɱλʣλʡλʣҲɱԸңѵں磬ںǿ
ÿеļʥһδշѹһĵ壬еɱִӵǿңҪﾡ£ƽ
ԣַûа֣ԥļȭˣÿһȭâɱһλ꣬ܿ죬֮ϣһ߾߱ʬ壬ԼΧо͸Ⱥ̫ˣһǸӣҪķӣȻҲǸսµķӣλʻλʣûܹܵסһȭһִʥ弧ҵʣô
Ȼַ㻹һڣʱַվ˵ǰҵˣôڻȥ߼䣬˾ʵڶֵҪ
˵գַĽż߳ʱ˵ƿ˾¥ǽڣԶȥ
Ҫս䡣
ս䣬λʾ磬һַҪ𣬿֪ͨ塣
ȺַĻʱ¥׵ըԭɱҵˣΪģս
ʵǿԸλʵļҲһȭ֪Ǻˣû뼧һսʵ
Ȼս䣬ȻӵĵʵԲֱɱҵˣҲǹʥв²⣬ܿϢӳȥٶȣӦѾõϢＧҵˣҪս䡣
ַɰھ¥֮Уƽ·ɱ˸Ǽҵ˰㣬ַĿ¼Ҹüһǰ˴ǿֶԸˣҲܲ䣬ˣɱƣһҪɱˣǼҵķ䡣
ܿ죬ҵ˵ˣһɿֲѹ¥֣ǹϢѹǵңд۾ǿߵˡ
ɡƽӾ¥Ķ˲ϵ£ǹֱ͸ȺĶĤ֮УȺȻ˭ȥǵĿ⣬ɵ÷׷ַ㡣
Ȼ˵Ŀַʱ·ûԷĻ㣬ƣ·¥֮оֻһ˰㣬Ȼ˶ԷĻ
ʱ򣬾¥ʼ·ʱбΣգȺ׷˸뿪˾¥ܿ죬ټľ¥оֻʣַһˡ
һѵ죬¥¿ʼ̮߽⣬ҪȻ֮УƣҲڡ
Ǻˣ˲ˣΪһһ۾ǿĿ⿴ַ㣬ɫ͸һĨ⣬⼸ܲãǰճٶʧܣڼҵĵλԽԽͣ˿ӼͬҵһЩǿһ̤
أַ㵭ʵڣûлͷЩһۣ䣬ûַΪʧ
ʥҪսÿն࣬ѵ˶ʸҼҵļ䣿Ǵ۾˵
һɥ֮Ȯ޻ԻʤһٰܣǼҲѹǼһû䵽Ҫʥ۾Ըʡ̵ַ³ΧȺѾϰ˴˵ĵ󣬲ȴַݣǺˣ֮
ַĻ£еĺӵǿʢƬգֻǵ۾ļһɫĮսڣ·ʱҪ㡣
ңȥ⼧ҵĴ۶Եһ˵
ң꣬˼ҵı֮ʵΪǿᣬѾٻʰ֮ϣܷ뼧һս
ȺֶʱϤ֮У˵ûǿսͬһΣղǺﻹûͷŵ֪ǷҲ˵ûеĻ²ս䡣
ҽŲ̤ղ֮Χշ·Ҫһɿµ쫷糯ַȥ
ɱ˲ϢַǰĵֲȻʱַȻֱ֮ϵħ·ᴩأֱӳżҺ˹ȥ
ǣһµıգȺĿⶼֻҵֱӱѵħŰ
⡭
ôܻҿǵһȭɱղǹħ򣬺ÿֲ֪жôǿᡣ
Ⱥһļ£ûпַģʱַ嶯ˣЮ쫷ֱ̤ǼҵĴǰ
ХǼҵĴ۱һ·һɱݻһУȻֱַӳȥ䱬ͷ­ϵκ˶ܸеľ
ɱǴ۵Ĺٶȿ磬ؼһµĹ켣ͬͬʱַ˺ҧȥ
Ȼʱַϱħ·ȴ۵ķҪǿᣬҪݻٵһУȭͷŶԷ˺ѹȥ
ôܣôôǿķǴоһһ֮ҪռնȻǿܹһУе赲·ͽַͣȭͷվǺ䵽˶Էϣ¡¡Ŀֲ·Ⱥͷ㣬Ǵֱӱѳɷ飡


2061 ս
ۣΧ˿Ǵ۵˺ѣĿȻ佩Ӳ뵽˵սǻǳǿһսǼҵĴʤҲǳңһʵĶԾȻû뵽ս˵ı
ҵǿȫסˣǴﱻ˺ɷ飬Ǽֱ޷Լ۾ֹ
ַ㲢׼˼ʱ䣬ֻ۹̤ʱһǿɫ԰ףһߡ
ˣַһ̤ͬһֲĺɫֱˣڵȭͷɨ¡һ죬ͬըѵ÷飬һǹٶȣ̫졣
ļǿֻоĩհ㣬һɫҰֽٶȡûܹӡ
ȺֻһɫĻӰ˸գÿһȭɱȻһλǿշѹ飬ܿ죬ռֻ֮ʣַһ˻վǣµɴ΢΢ţȻȺȴоһĺ⣬̶̵ɲǼ䣬ǿߣɱһ˲ʣ
ַֻӰƮ漴վǱշѹľ¥֮ϣƽ˵һڻʰʵ֮صȼ죬䲻һս֮ɴֱӰɣ֮ܡ
˵գַ㸺ֶŲ̤뿪ߣƳ˻ʵڵķ˸ȥȻصԼҪͼս
һɱôǿ߾ҪԼս䣬÷񡣡Ⱥа׷˸ҲŻʰʵ֮صķ˸ȥսǲδ档
ҿ˿һǿһֱǱ޵ų߶ֱս䣬ҽصѡڻʰʵ֮أҪһսֱϣֱ̤ʰǰС
һܼ䣬ǻʰڶ֪һδãֱӶԸüһս
Ⱥ۷׷ףϢܿ쳯ʥĴݿϢȵ֮أȻʥݵĹʥ弧ҡ
ʰʵ֮أʵ֮գȻûʵ̨Ȼտޱȵĵشֱ˻ʹҰޱߣַʵ̨ڵλãɫƽĵȴţţھ¥Ǳ߷һУܿͻᴫʥݻвСĲҪ־֮£
ַηֲΧҲǳĵȴţңδ
˻ʹķһӰƮ˸мӰעĿ
ᶫ죬ЩһʰԽԽǿˣٹЩ꣬ＧһĻʰҲҪӻʰ룬̤۾ˡȺ⼸а⣬֮·űǰˡ
Ǵȱŵ磬ƽǵĺӰһ
ԶһӰͬһϯۣһ֮УȻǹ
ǹջʰʵսܣֱ뿪ֳˡ
ҲҪս䣬߳ʰʵҲãЩٶȳˣʯƷҲˡȺĿ⿴һλֻʯʯƷ彵ٶ
û뵽ȻôĶϢõ죬ȻҲǽ輧֮ԵʣǴսǼ䣬²Ӱ˿˵ܿ죬ƽΪտĻʰʵص㣬ø
ҵ˵ˣ侹ȻûʱֻԶһӰȻǼ֮ˣкüλ۾ǿߵˣϢǿᣬĿⶢַ㣬ɫ䡣
ɱҼ֮ˣֻһ۾ǿĮĶַ㣬˵
ȵսʤңɱҲ޷ڳֵĻҵҲҪˡַ˵ʹЩҵǿɫ̣ĿⲻɨһΧ֮ˣŪ˴ĶЩǿֱӳֻɱַĻңȷ޴档
ҪѰҼܲȫ㡣ֻҵǿĿ˵˸ԶһӰ̤ÿ̤һշ·пֲǰХͬ㣬ޱߣֲĵ·Ҫѹء
һ۾ǿߣĿԵƥ·ܹ˵еֲ֮˼㣬Ҫա
ߣ䣡
䣬۾
ͻƵ˴۾ˣѹЩ֮ǰţ˵Ѱ
䣬۾ʵǿ˼ǺȻսǿֲȻϾλʾ磬ɣܹսʤ䡣
ȺΪ𺳣䣬ڿ۾ǺͬΪʥһǰһ˴۾硣
һλ̤۾ķ۾ãսҲǿֲģһܹսģйͬ뷨
Ͼ䣬ѧԺʾʱ򣬾еַ֣㶼Ǳ̬ţǣ̤ۣǳַ㣬Ҳٺս˰ɡ
Ե۾ǿƹҪϴˢ֮ܣԶ츳׿ٶܿ۾۷ɾ͡
ڣһ̤ļ併ַǰɫĮĿ⸩¿գźֵַ㣬˵۾ó㣬ȻɱҼǿߣȴָʵɱǣԷΪɡ
ƽƸַһᣬĻᣬԷΪ
Ȼʱֻɴ֮µԴ΢΢̧һ˫ڵͫ״͸˿ռ䣬ֱӺͼĿײһ顣
䣬֮ѹ˿ԡ
λ۷徳磬λʻܹ֮͸˿ԣļԣ治ôáַƽ³͸żɳƣŷϢʹüҵǿüͷ΢壬ǴԲѡ
ȺҲ¶ɫ˿̤֮˿ѵôǿţҺʹ۾ļһս
ɱַĻ֮ܡ
һַϴˢǴεĳ裬Ȼգɡ䵭˵漴ַֻ建վ̧Դ䡣
ˣŲ̤̼ѹأֲı·ֱַϱѣȻַôƽվǣ
ǿղżѾ˱𹥻徹Ȼûа㶯ҡ
һ漴ƻ̼䣬˹ŵֱҪըַϣ˲乥Ǵ֮ƻͨ١
ȻֻǺ֮˾ȭͷռ˺գֱӺ˳ȥŵ飬ѣһĻʹȺٶ⹥ÿֲҾͶˣ·׾١
˵漴ƲջһŵٶĶأĺַ㡣
ȻַֻȭâƿպҶǹŵϵ飬ͣı˺ѿ˶һɣͶ䣬̺
ڣֹͣ˳֣¿յӰ¶һĨ֮⣬̤۾ĵһս仹δϤҲǷ˼ܹȷѵãϧעҪڴˡ
˵գϵĵշѹ£ռ·ڱը
ַɫ䣬ɱ⿪ʼɴ֮µ˫ͫñޱߣĵһûأ


2062 
ַ֮ԣɵóĬ£漴¶һĨɫԲѡ
˵գֻϵĵӵǿֲĵ۵ܹġ
£ƻض·𱻻˻ֱַǰըǴ֮֮һͨ٣ַ̺ӵпµĹԼѾշѹɱ
˫ȭƿգַȭâǰĿ£˺һУǿռ䷨ټ֮ʱһ⡣
ķѾͻʵļޣ˴۾ĲΣģΪλôֲķ򣬻ҲǼΪ¡а޷ѹַ㣬һշѹʱַǰ·һľƣֱӺ
ǣַͬһƺըѣǾƱ˺ѿ漴ַֻϣͬһ㣬쵽˼£ͬʱȭâż˹ȥ޵֮ȭһȭҪĺɱ
˫һϣ̼ǰһŭХַûȥȻȫȭâ֮ѣһӡַɱȥͬʱµıըַȭе·Ҫըѣַ꣬Ҫ
ˣӹַӰʧǷַ̫ˣ쵽һ˲ûӰ
һ֮ռ䷨ֱӽ·գţַ屬żԴ˹ȥȭ͸ޱߵħһħؼϵħ
ķô£ܹ໥תת˵Ŀ죬ܹ۾䡣Ⱥ𺳣Ƿַ֣ķսʽƺǷת
Ҳ㣬ɫѿԷķǿȳֻʵ޻һȭ̺ܽĹ
䱬һ˫ŭħϵıͬʱֻü֮һֲ֮âŶһַ̤ԴɱȥͬʱıٶȳǰϮȥ·ͬʱ
ˣַٶȺХˣȻֻ˫һأΧշ·Ť޾ŵһշѹأȫַŭɱ˹ȥЩŵ·㲻࣬ب档
ۣϵΪʵ壬õĹҲʵصƿظӿ£ͨͬһҹ·һһӣһȼǻɽ
ȺĿַ㣬ҲǼΪ⣬ǿ󵽲˼ĵزô̤ܿ۾ļ䡣
ˣ۾Ǵַۣ㹥£ǿʢҲҪܡ
ʱعŵٳǬȫǿµıϯɱַ㣬
٣ַֻ˫ӡȻ䣬ǰƯһ޴Ĺ֣Ȼ֡
¶ҡزܶ˾ͬһϵ㣬գκεĹܶҡκε깥ܶҡ־ˣ·뵽ա
һӡַۣз·³һԣڶ֮䣬ʱطŭ֮۵ϣΪصģΪףϢʼһ㡣
³ӡۣͬ־·Ĺ֯һϵأշѹıҲ޷ҡ㸲ļ
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ԣ
󣡡
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ڣ˷ӡڶ˲ȫ۶ɣؿʼǬڲǹŵȻʱը飬Ŀޱȣַ㣬ɫѿƺǴеľ֮ӵ֮ǾһĹ֮ͨؽ
ǰھ³һӡŵըѣռƶҪ飬һֱӱǱĵûǹϣʱַ·ΪףƬ죬һУΨҶ
ʥ˭ԶȺͷ𺳣ַ㹥Ϳ£֪ܷ֮ôµĹǵһξ̤۾ļ䣬пܻս
ʱطƱãֻϿգһޱȿ£ǧ׵ɫ֣Ϣ֮ŵ˳ǰϵıܹأ֪жô£ϵӿ֮УգһԾֱڣһ𶯣ַȥ
ˣַ·ҪըѣȻɲɽŴǰƯһ޴ͼطƺХ壬ףΡ
Ļڹ֮УڣַĽŲǰ̤˳ȥŭһڱ𣬾ŴѹأǰɱɹâͷţûǬɽӣ֮ѹܡ
ĹʥжôĿ¡
ˣͷ­֮ϣŭХҪ˺Ȼѹ·ס漴Ľɱǰʼ˵˺Ѫš
䡣ҵ˿һĻɫ԰ףѹ䱻סָ嶼޷ҪʹطͱĻᶼûС
ˣֻһ̤Ǽҵǿߣζδ뵽ܡ
ȻҲͬʱַ廯һֲľ޽͸գֱӴӾм䴩ֱӶ֮ϣͷ­ֱƿ壬ȺĿһ޽ڻմβƳ׵˺
޷ֿǰɱȥͬһ㣬峹׵ɱ
һ̣˵Ŀⶼסˣ˲Ҫܼ䣬Ҫɱ䡣
ɱ̤۾ķ䡣
һ˫˫۾ǣǰʵ̤۾ǿƻع飬ˣ֮Կõ۾֮֮磬Ȼ˿̣䣬
Ｇߣˣ


2063 µʱ
޽ƿӴɲǣ׵һԻҸ
䣬ߡǿ߱һٶͬߣȻֻ޽ٶȻΪΣַͬתһģʱһĳӳǰûȥûӡ˳֮ɢѾʧ
һֲĴ̼֮ӷɽһεκˮϵĳŵ䣬Щҵǿ彩ӲҲɫ԰ףɫѿ˼¡
䣬䡣
Ǽҵķδϣɱǵ汻ɱģǣ彻
ң뵱ʥݶʥǰ񣬼ҺεҫδȵĽٳһʥȻ˻ʰʵʵ̨ڵص㡣
ҵסˣƬͻأ䶼ޱȵİû뵽ˣɱ̤۾ļ䣬УˣȻＧ䡣
ڣ˳³ڵʥݣѾмûгֹ˰ɡ
ȷмˣңǱԽսɱģǰշѹνǰ޹ˣˣ˭
ҡĿǺȻǶɴڣ˶֪Ｇߣˡ
˭ҵǿ߿Զַ㣬ϵɱӿսҼ䣬֮˶Ϊû֮ս̤֮˭棬ΪʻǼ֣ǣǰ֮˲ǼĶ֣һɱ˼䡣
ңղţʹͨ˵ʥݣһλʹá
ˣǼУַ㡣
ԶһƺϢֲѹ֮䣬͸ſµɱ⣬ȻһߣȻͬпµѹ͸ֻӰٵַԡ
߱档Щҵǿͷ΢΢£Ŀ죬ɱ񱩣ＧߣѺ֮
ҵʥ۵ˣһ̣ǾѾ֪ˣʱһƿֲɱϯأǶ
ڣַֻϣ˺ɴȥαװ漴ժ˶ңݳǰ֮ʱٶȰϢ
ˡãԶ૵һЩʧʧһ࣬˴Ȼȴֵ̬ĹＧǿߣɱ䣬ӽ֮ٶϯʥݣº˲ʶ
˭ûмַ㣬Ա֮˷˷ۣһۣսѧԺַ㡣
ַ㣡ͷһ漴³ѹˣַٰ֣֮λʵܸλַ㣬̤۾ļ䣬λʵֱַɱ
ѹҪαװݣΪַ㣬Ǽ֪»صַᡣ
˻ʰַ֮ӰƳȴλӻʰڶ񣬻ʰڶļ䱾̤۾ȴɱַʵ̫ˡ
ͷȻԶ𺳣䣬Ǿþ޷ƽ
ֲĵͷţ·ҪݻһУַ֪ɱ䣬ҵЩǿ»ᷢ裬ʱѾѶ߱棬˴˿̵ľ档
䣬սѧԺսѧԺַУѧԺȴҪַ㡣ҵʥ
ѧԺȻַĳѾãһսҼ侳ַߣȻսսѧԺ޻˵ַսһֺּĺ֮ÿζʥ۳
߱Į˵ʹüҵʥɫ䵽˼£֮Ǽҵǲ룬ǣǼ䣬ңַУ⽫ҰʧǼҺò׳һȴܲŭ衣
һ仰ĪǾҪҰˣɱʮ㡣
ҴӲָˣǼַͬ㣬ǼĶԹսѧԺַ֣㽫㼧ǿУҲʮǰսѧԺڴؽ𼧼ΪѧԺּ߱浭˵ɱң㣬ҪɱַΪ䱨֮ͬУԱսѧԺҲԱǾͱ˭ǿˡ
ˣ䣬ֻǸոտʼַĿ¶Į֮⣬ûˣŽǿʼѣͼңš
棬߰ɡַƽ˵ʲô鶼δ㣬߱΢΢ͷַͬһ̤뿪ߣ䣬ɱҲɱˡ
սѧԺ˴ַȥҵʥϱµɱ⣬漴Ųݺݵһ̤ըѣʯ衣
ַ㡣һ˵ףң̣ǻҪַַѾԣҪңַ
ʥδҪ񣬹Ȼ˻ʮɵĻȣսѧԺַ㣬û֡һǿ˫ȭ죬ɱϯգ־£ʥݵˣֻᵱͣ˭ȥһţʮɣǺַжԹļңѾʼϢģնԹ³ˣϾַĿǼңļҵЩԹӦûὥĵ
һսʥǶɾʹ۾磬죬Ȼĵɾ͵ȴֻһλŵַ㡣
ʧһַ͸̤۵ļ䣬ʥǾײգλʵַɱ̤۾ļ䣬һʱַ֮кͳﲢ֮ơ
ַۣҲ˴ۣȻַĴǸ̤۾ļ䣬ǣ䣬Ƿš
ʰλ֮һʱϯʥݣۣ񣬳Ǻַһսǿ
ǣӿĲ²⡣
գ˻ʹųµĻʰַռڶϯλϾûкͳ潻սһֱǵһϯλַ֪뷨ȻսѧԺϢַ㣬м˻ʹʰ񣬶ԣ㽫ӻʰ£Ҳν˻ʹĻʰַУûһλá
һսɺͼʱڳΪ˹ȥʥµĻ⣬ɺͼϣתƵ˳ַϣǳΪһ۽㣬ɺϵǣһѧԺ֮ˣɶǻʰһַͼһսѧԺ֮ˣɶսѧԺ֮ˡ
һԿ϶ǣ˶һµΪַ츳յɺͼ䣬ֻǿǸǿ棬ַ㣬ǵ֮˼䣬ε


2064 н
ɱַ֮صսѧԺʱŹ㶢ַţ˵治֪һôġ
һأȻЩַԴǰϤӰĮüųһĨЦݡ
ʦԴ㶼ҶַһۣޱƵĵһﵨƺҲԽԽˡ
ߵַԣַļһоڲ֮С
ͺá΢Ц£̨Ʋɵ͵ҲöδԺ̨ߣҪһţǴһ塣
ֵĻ޿֮⣬̨ĿֲǱʣ󣬱ȻܹʥݵģַӵʥǱʣΪʥ֮£ԼаˣԶŸֹžټʥ츳ҲҪ̤۾磬һν׾֮¡
ʦ֣ڶ࣬Ҳ̫Իɣ̨ʥݵʱҪκ޷ҡˡַ˵
ַ㣬ҪһϢ㿴˭ˡֻʱǰĵ߳һӰʱַͫ΢΢£¶֮⣬ǼϤӰô꣬ٴμˡ
ʦĹ졣
ԭˣȻʡĹĪ뿪ʥݵЩӣǽҵսѧԺ̨
ַ㣬ϼһﶼЩˣһ˳ϢұҲοˡʿַԼӣʵλʾ磬ЩӣԽˣһ
ַ㣬ʦۣѾնŴˣǶԶԶˡĪЦǰַļû뵽ʮķֱǺַĲྐྵȻôԶĹһΪҲλʾ磬ַ㣬ѾնˣʦֺʦǣҲһúˡ
Щ꣬϶˺ܶ顣
һʱʮĲ࣬ʱĨƽʦ죬̨Ҫžˣֻǲ֪ľʦôˡַп˵ַһУľǶӰҪһˡ
ľǼһ츳Һöˣ󲻻̫ԺЦŵַ΢΢ͷʦвٺõĹž飬ѡԼóġ
ǵȻַ̨ʦʮһ״Ӽ֣޷ݵģǴСһ·ɱһʮپףп׺ɣȻŨŨ֣ȴɲɢ
̨ʮһ״Ӷԣһֱֵܣλʦ縸ĸ㣬Զĳ⼸죬ַʦֵܾһЩ귢飬޸п̫֮嫣һ·ҲǼ䲻ףжζЩɥȻƺվ˹ʥݡ
һգַ֮Уʥͷ֮УһƽͬâϵĴɱǹʥ˲ɢ⣬ѹ꣬ɻڡ
ַ㳢һӽͷǣֻϵѪϷ·һɿµһû⣬ɵͬأնŭХ
Ǹϵں϶ַԴӸ֮󣬸оֻһ˿ͽɾԼһ޶ĵȻδɣȻѾܹתԼںϣͼս֮ʱЩ˿ÿһȭƶпֲķȻѹƵ۾򣬼ֱˡ
ЧԼ޽ӽͳ֮Ȼַԣȴоûɵĵ֮Ƕһ޶ġ
ַֻǰһʥ֣ĽûڣַĽŲһͷ·ͬʱַϣйƯľȫط·𶼲
ڣַͷ·漴ϥʥͷϿգû⣬ʥ֮⡣
ĽҶ֮ȥַֻ֮оһնʱңӲܲȴһϣһն£ʱ⡣
Ҷ֮Ҷʥƾһݺڹʥ֮κιʥҪСġַһս֮Ρ
ʱַ㿪ʼʥܣԼһ֮£޾Ŀռ䣬վյУȻ䣬һնշ·ŤˣǰһַˣڳǰȥǴңҶ֮ȥ֮һ޷ܿ
ַۣƺһ˲Ϣ״̬֮˳ɫ԰ףȻȴǾĸɽ֮ͬʱʥϵظܣϣܹƿһһ裬Ȼַ㲻ָһóһ˴ǹʥ֮ͬĹʥ㣬ܹģֻǷһǧ֮һѡ
ַãŽ˴˴αչأ漴ҵ̨ʵľվ̨Ϊ̨ɱܻ˾սѧԺĽԶŷǷ츳ҲԸ̨Ϊ˶ܹЩ̨֮˵ĽжôֲڷչʵԼǱһɣͬŵһǱ֮ϣ̨Ӿռ˷ǳֲһ飬֮ϣǰأǫ̈̄ˡ
˿Ӱ벻ѣ˽սѧԺı̨
Ϣˣ֮Уַžһ
ЩϢӦöЩôһö򽻸ַ㣬漴ַ㽫УʱеһЩϢ漴΢΢ͷţһֱҪɣõĹģţʱһһЩǿĹžΪչ֮á
С΢΢ͷ
ȥˡַ˵ձ뿪ߣͬʱ֮ϣһһЩǰ˵ؾۻᣬƾ¥о֮Ůƣݺ裬˳̸òʹ졣
֣ǰʱַɱ䣬ʥ𶯣˶µʱʾȻҲʱչ¶â
ʥַ˫۶ʢ֮棬ټջʰ֮ϵĶսɮˣһǫѷ˵ʵ⼸ʥ˿УΪпܳԽᶫ
˳̸죬ڴʱԶһ̤ˮУ£һŽ֮ʱ˵
Ǳߡ
貨̤·֮УȻɣʵȻ¡
ֻʱԶһ֮΢΢һ㶣漴վʵұ֪ºˣ
Ȼ䣬һɿֲ·˽ž޴Ļ촫ֱѣĽȻ䳯߹Ⱥɫ䣬Ŀⶢˣŭ
ںʱֻ֣һâնأһۼһûȻûӰȺֻ֮еһΣо㶼ݺݵĳ鴤
ٿԶˣɱŹŽȥޱ
һն


2065 ҿֻ
츳Ȼڶ̶һʱֱֱϣ̤ʰʮϯλνʢһʱ˶Ԥлδʰǰϯλᶫȼ磬õҵص
Ȼлȴһնɱɱ˶ߣ̤ȥһ˿ķûоͱɱ
ԶַᲢۣҲʥССĲҶԣȴͬҽܳһ˵ҰУͱһնˣεȳ֮£ҶҲһλʾǿߡ
𶯵ǣ£Žһʼѡ
ᶫһ¥Ƶʱһ
Ұλǰĳ;УȫնԶһɴһû⣬ңȴ˭֪
ڣҳŵǿߣе۾棬ߴŵ۱ϣ׼ԪѰҳ
Ȼڶ󣬻ƬУλ۾ǿԼĴȫǣϻе۱ɱһϮ£Žݿ˳ƣɫƫƣƺЩ㣬ʵȴǿ˸е־壬Щˡ
һڣңѾаλɡʮλǿ߱ɱ´Ѿ𶯣ʥˣҵʵεȵǿߣ֮ɱʱ۾ﶼʼעˣʱ˳ֵ׼һµʱ䣬Ȳҵ¾ֱ޷ģֻһζԷЩҵ۾ǿȻֻΪһԷȺ֮У۾ǿ߾Ȼ޷ԷҳΪǿŭһ˲޹֮ˡ
˿̣ʥݶ۲²⣬ҵĿֲͣǺˣ˵Ϊֻʾ磬Ľȴ޿ɵֵĽض۾ǿ߶аλ䣬ȻǰλδĴۣԷƺЩĴ֡
ȺҲʼ룬ܹô۶ûа취ܣ˵ĽҪôһɱҪôٶȼ죬ͨ۶졣
ңһ֮Уѹ֣û˿ڣ˵Ŀ⣬Ϊ׵ǿߡ
£ұڱչصļˡ
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ҽ˺ˣʱҵļһ벻ף˭ҡ
ҵģֻսѧԺˡ֮˿˵ĴʥΧսѧԺҪַ㣬ǽսѧԺˡ
˵嵽ˣôַ㣬ַ㣬ȻҲַ㱳ЩȻԸ֮ˣ˵ֻ֮ˣܹɱ۾һն츳Բ˵ʵ벻ףַ⻹˭
ʱ䵭Ŀ˵ʱɫ¡
˼ַ㣿˷ӳ˲ַ㡣
ʥ֮أ֮ĲΪ棬ȻֻýȻǱˣַڽϵ裬Ҳǳ
ҵļĬƬ̣漴ڵȻˣȥټһЩʺʹ۾ǽԺ֮С
á˵˵ͷֻˣǷΪַ㣬Ƚ߾
嫵ʥݣԶֹڲ²ɱΪ˭ҶڵȴţηһɱôҵǿߣǶԣǳ֮¡
һգҵ̤˼嵱Уʥݸλ˸ȥһˣ񣬴ʥҲСһλӻʰ֮ϵǿߣʱһֵ֮ϣĿţƽһ·ûκᷢ㡣
ͣȻ䣬һɽͻأĴȺ֮н٣ֱӽ֣һ̣ɫ΢΢һ˿ˡ
͡͡һâ·д͸ɱ˹Ȼֻ˫ƲʱһɿֲշѹƸоɱŰ׷ãͬʱһ֮ȫг֣ն
ңԶ֮أһӰɫƽŽ·˵ԶǴųİ㡣
ˡɫһȻü֮һֲϢȻɱǰ˿ֱ֮Ӷߣ硣
ߣȥһȻֱûһӰֱ̤ŰӰ̤ȥɱ죬Ⱥʱȫá
ǰӰӶݣ·һУ񽫹͸ЦԷڳˡ
ҲʱһХɫһȻ䳯ȥ漴һӰ˹ٶȿ쵽˼¡
áɫ԰ףˣȻûãԷٶ̫죬˲嵽ǰ̼䣬֮ӰʧǻӰһʧˡ
һǻûһǿӰ׷˰Ӱ׵һȭ㽫ԷȻȴûаĳɾ͸У£תԶȥӰѲڡ
⡣ɫӲ弱˻ȥȻﻹӰѾʧӰ١
թһʱҵĽı̮һûΪһǿɼʵж£Ȼַ㵱潫ץˡ
δãһͬһҵȻʱεĽâɱǵ·ӼңԶĵطɱǿ߽Ȼһ̣֮޾ɱ˹һµĽʹǿ屬ˡ
ͣһâ·޶ǿɫҰףһνⲻ֪һɱԴͷڣü֮һâ˸һǿӰȻ˳ֵɲǣҵȴ˺漴һжʧӰ٣·û˳ֹ㡣
˭ûɵǿ߱һֲ˷ȻȴԶкܶͬӰŸͬķλ˸뿪ֻܳĳһ׷ȥֻܵһ߷𲻳ֻҪƾһҳɱߣѡ
֮ˣΪʵǿһֱΣӦʱ䶼ûС
ˣһʱ⣬ҵجƺڼʼӣƽϢʾɱң׵˿ֻŵУһҽŲ̤ң򣬲֪ܻܲ
ңڿֲڲǴûǻᱻһ˵ֻʾΪȵ̶ֳȣ


2066 ѣ
ʥݶ֮£ټǿʥ壬Űɱһʥݻδй֮£ȻһθɱߣȻźĶԹ
˶ڲ²⣬ɱ˭ͬʱҿʼ۾ǿػ߳ػǵ۾԰ңǼˣֵĽֵ֮նɱʵƫʣ֮նʱǶܾͱЩڰҲûü֣֮ɱϢģûٳֹˣæõ׳죬ȴ·ͻȻ伣˰㡣
һ죬ҵᶫ̤˻ʹƱɱ¶Сˡ
ǣûκεĻӦ
ȺΪ¿ܸһʱһ׮¼֣һ֮䣬ʥݣҶʮλʾǿߣʥݸرɱƺ˵Ĳͬһˣ̼䣬ңҲһʼ˿ֻţ̼󣬼һߣܾ޴ʧ
ʱ򣬼ҳ׵ˣǺҵǿ߽˻棬˱ᡢңң˻ʾΪս£ɱۣһУƺָһˣַ㡣
ǼҺҹͬĵˣƺַֻˡ
ҺҴַɱ¾ǿߣʥ壬ַ㣬ʥɱߣַ㣬ѹôǿ
ȻսѧԺУûκεĻҺͼַ֮ͷ·𰲾ƺҲ֪񼧼ҺҶĳжôº֣㲻ɱϵҲȫпܵģ֮䣬Ѿǲݵľˡ
ʱգַ㰲ĺ̨ʦֵ˳ȹ˵ħ٣ٶȺħ壬˵ٶһֲĵزַ޷ּ֪ģ֪۾ǿҲסһȭĺǱУɡ
ٲħħ󷨣Խ󣬰ԵԽ¶ǵͨʱ򣬸ܹﵽһŵĳ̶ȡ
Ϊַ㲻ٳֵʱһռ䣬ʥλ۾ǿߣλҵĴۡһλҵĴۡ
и̾ȻֻͨĴۣȻַɱͬɱϰ㣬δЩ˸оԣǸ߸ϵĵ۾ûĴҲһǿˣȻȴ˵׾١˵ͻأǴַ̫̫ǿ
ʱ˻Լɱߣַֻһô
һ죬ҺҲ޷סȥĻң֪жַУңǻʥݵ˶ʼڻɣһսѧԺڱΪַṩټʥݣַΪܹҵ֮˻Ծ֮أɱѵսѧԺĿֲ鱨
Һҿʼ˵ʥһԸַ㣬ȻһΣļһӮңȥˣʱɵӲŻȥַ㣬ֻܿɱˣͬ磬˳Ǳ̬⣬½ַѾ޵Уҳǿ߶Ըַ㣬ǺսѧԺԼʮɹȥ
˸ַ֪ͳˣ˭ǿˣǺ޲ʰһ͵ڶϯλˣһϵǿײ
ȻֻһڴѣһգҺҳǿߣٶȽսѧԺ֮⣬ƺһѹ֮ƣȻȴûһѹ֮ʥ壬ȻԵòôǿƣսѧԺȫԵ
Ĵʥ۾վѧԺ֮⣬ҪսѧԺ
Щһ̫ˣȻٶѹսѧԺϣλܹһʥ塣
ǿĹʥ壬Ȼַʦһȵ˵ңҪʥ߳Ƕ棬ַʦֵʵȷʵ¡
͵ͬһĻսѧԺȴûָоֻǸоЩЩ̣ȻҲַǿʥܹʥȵ̶ֳȵˣΨַ㡣
ڴ˿̣ѧԺһӰ̤Ӱ̤ʱ˵Ŀⶼˣʥݵĵӣǿһˣ·Զţ֮УԶŵϢ
Ĵʥ￴ˣǵͷݺݵĲ£ʥǿµĴģַܹɵĶֲʥǻһ˿룬ַʥʥֻżȻΪڵڶѩǿѹȵʱַûжãȻ˿̾˵ĳ֣ǵһڴͻ볹״ơ
ʥ֣ǵģʥǿսǼһңжҡ
ˣֻһ̤̼سѷ죬ĴʥϢͷŵ˼£ʱ׼룬ԶŵǿϢĲ
ʥѹȣ𣿡ƽĮӾ˵³ʹʥͷ΢һ˿ڵ㵽ַ㣬ǹʥ
ֻһΣҪ־֣Ҳ֤ήټҺңֱӽɱʱ򣬾Ͳʾַ֣ǣʥɽ֮֮֡УʹΧȺȫʥɽ
ַ㣬Ҳɽ㼧ҺңҪַ㣬ɽ
һ³£Ĵʥۻ쫷磬ûκεôˣٶȿ쵽ͬ㣬·ʥ˷ڡ
ҺңˡȺаǷ·ܹõҺжôıսӮǰսֻпűɱ¾
ʥת漴뿪ֳսѧԺȥܿһоƽϢַ㵱ȻĽʥȥɱˣɽʶȻָȻٽʥɽȥֲսɽ֧ˣǣ͸͸߶һ£ַںϵɽʶܹ׿Ƶ˵ģʲô
ǣļԼңֻܸնַսᶫҪʵ̨֮սַ㣬ҵĴ۾Ҳַս˱ӣĴսʾַ㣬ŪǷ꣬ʥݽ֪ȷһ飬ǼҺҲΣ˳۾˭ַܶ㣿
ַ㣬ûᶫǵսַԣ壬ҪǸֻǿʼ
֮УַڵϣǰŵŮӣ¶һĨ͵Цݣַ֣ḧĵݣģһûɱʥ۵ʵһ̤ƽҡ
ַÿ뵽ǧסǼʥ۵һһεĹо絶ʣһĻʱصԺ֮У޲ԼܣȻ֪ġ
֪ǰǹ㣬ԼоõԣһֱңĬĬһֱػңػѹһǸһ㣬ʵһֱ㡣
ַḧĵգЦһ̣ĵ֣ƺ΢΢£΢Ķ


2067 һ
ַ㲢δע⵽ϸ΢ĶȻʱĵ֮УʼһϢıǿʢʹַͫ΢¡
ġַ㿴һĻͷ΢ɸգЦģ˵Ļ𣬿ѹɣһǰʥʳȥǵĺ֪ʥˣΪĸûкúÿҲ˰ɡ
ƺַܹĻϢڱǿƣһĶ£һΣַ㿴
Ҫˡַͫ¶ϲɫҩ岿ѵǰ࣬ڻÿһʼζڱ
ַֻץĵ֣Цŵģ˯ˣ˯һˡ
Ϣһٽ㣬ڣһ˫Ȼſ˫۾峺տôţǰַ㣬۾ƺĿɰ
ġַһϲֱӸӣĵ촽£漴֣ĵ۾ٶ£̼䣬һĨ֮ɫɢӣΪľ޶ˡ
ַ㣬㡭ϸӬţɰģַ̲סЦˣ㻹ء
˵Ļʱĵɫ׵ĺ͸΢΢Ʋһԣֱַ۾һ˵ʲôأ
㻹õ𡣡ַһ̸олȻޱȵʹ죬ıȻֱӷԼϣ漴ͷƺҪѰ´Ȼ߲ѵŬţóѡ
ȥءַЦץסĵգ漴ݺݵȥֻ˫Ŀɿڴзص죬һô۸ˡ
ʱƺˣڵʵòҪַģȻַŵаĵֿԸ۸ɡ
ڣַħ뿪ĵ˫漴㿴ͨԼԹַղҳ˯ʱ˵Ҫ˵ʲôأ
ַԴЦŵ𣿡
㡭˵Ҫ׿ڸҡĺݺݵıһȻˡ
Ҫ׿ڸ㣬ΣҲҪˣַЦ˵ʱ˵ַ˫֮̽У漴֮дһ֮
쵰֮Ů
֪档
ءܰ꣬ƹãŽƽϢţ˵ӰٴγֵʱĵԴַĻˣͬˮ߰޾ջ󣬶ĳһıóѵЦݡ
Сģ£ȥĸˡַЦ˵ĽԴδɢ޲ɷ
˵ͷĴ˿̾ȻеССĽš
ַȥһ漴ҵֺκɣһֱ֪ģһ˯񿴵ѹȻǿĵġ
סĸסĺЩӣɸоܰôˣδߵһ
ãʱСһֱ㣬ںˣȵַԺӻһҾԲˣСˡκЦݣʱҲ˹ѵģĽ㣬ˡ
áĿһĨЦ⣬Ľ֪Ұ
һֱעǡ΢Ц
ַ㿴˶˵ྴҲˣЦŽŮһ§סУ֮ҶǲڣҪŬǶ
ѩ壬һȥġ
ַԼаĴһʱգͨһԶĴڸһЩӶԣҪֲһЩеΣʵʥĹԼֲʥʵǳĿ죬飬ַͲǡ
ʥݣҺҵѾֵǷ꣬ÿ춼˴Ҫսַ㣬Ҫַ㣬ᶫԽԽַ׾٣ҷַܣֻ͵Ϯ˶ףҺͼδ֣ΪΪַĴڶǳȣʺͨĴﶼ߳ˣ̫
Ȼַ֪ʱһֱܰҸǵĽȴһֶû᲻ᱻɷ
ַ㣬ʲôʱȥʥһգĶַʵȥʥôˣСһӦˡ
ȳȥɢɢģֶԸļҺҸʹĴۣȻǱʥż֮»δˣͻʳԼʳ˻ûءַĮ˼Һң٣ЩծǺúõĸ˵ζ
΢΢ĵͷ
ģֻ˴λʥʳĻָΣַ֪ĺʥʳĹϵձΪĲʥʳûкϣϾʥʳоԼҵĶʦ
ַ㣬ôģһ
ǽʥ컯񹦴ڸʥʣ漴ǼĹʥ⣬ʥ㽻ǸǱʥʳ֮㿴Σ
ġַϣ˵뿪磬ǰ̨£̨ѾʼͬŻתÿһ˶ӴԼ飬ŬĴﵹҲַ㵣ģѾ߱кˣ˵ķһ£ûпǣ֮ҲδǾԵš
ʥݻʰʵ֮أʵ̨֣ᶫÿվڴ˵أԣҪַ㣬ÿնһЩżǰǵȷᶫһֱڣȻʱţ˶ףַ㲻֣Һҵĸ߲㲻Ҷַ㣬ַҪðᶫơ
ڴʱᶫͷ΢΢һԶƶˣŭХطݣпֲĽ⴩͸գ֮һɱ֮£Ƭռ䡣
ᶫĿȻſ֮ųֲ⣬ֻ建ڿգ֮նҪ
ôΧ֮˲࣬Ȼ֮ܵ⣬ǵͫ׾㶼һ漴Զ񷣬һԶŵɱ˹֮һ⣬㾡зᶫն˹
ˡᶫͷŹƵ֮Ҫɨ߰أһֲɫ޳ž޽ȥȻȴȫ޽ƿǱֻᶫ
ߡᶫһغХֲϣ̼䣬󣬻һǰ̤֮ɨز񷣬ֻĶʱɫƺ֮䣬ɨһС


2068 ʥ
޽ֲŭХط·˺ѿǿµľƺ;޽ײһɱ˺ѿΪһɫƬ޽ǰ֮Ҳ˶ֻܵ˵Ŀ첻ϣᶫɫ˼̤գݺأǰХһ̣аǧɫֲǰ޽ɱȥ
ÿֲĹǧϷÿһϷһֲب֮һϷɱһλλʾǿˡȺ𺳣ᶫȻҲŭˣ˲Ϣ֪ˣֱͷſֲɱ
ᶫ۷徳֮ʱлʰϯλ䲻ڵַ㣬ȻᶫǵᶫѲ۾ַ㶼ںˣᶫսܡȺ𺳣ǰǧϷ·ǲİ㣬֮УǲǷǽƬռ䶼Ҫ̴
޽Ʋɵſֲѹ֮ƣɹǰûκܹ赲
ɱᶫһǧһ𣬳ž޽ȥ¡һ޴ײ֮ײ֮ն·Ҫ㣬ȫ޽ƺڱѹסǰ֮ơ
ᶫûɫ˴ֱ̤ӳǱ߶ȥֱƺɨǧŴʵжôǿᡣ
Ȼڴ˿̣ͻأк֣ǧᶫֻоǧӡͬʱӭѪ˵ţ˱һѹ֡
ᶫɫӲɫĿɨգǲַ㣬ֵľһλŮӣϢǿᵽֲĵز
ᶫһɫƴӰȻ̼ѵӡϣ֮飬ᶫ֣屬ˣȻ˿ǧѾΧסε쫷罫Ю棬ӡֱӳٶȺϮһ̣ᶫɫҰף¶֮ɫ
ǿ߿һĻͬɫ䣬ԴʥۺͼʥǰսѧԺѹʥ֮ʥ㲻ٳ棬Ȼ۴۾ǿߣȻһ̣⶯ɱᶫǿߣϢʥ
һŭ漴Ⱥֻ¡һ촫ǧںϣᶫӰȴʧɱ
Щߵ֮ɫҰֽĿĶǰŮԼַ㣬ŭַ㣬ᶫ㹫ƽһս㾹˰ֶΣɡ
ҵˣ涺
ַĿ⵭ɨһҵǿߣԷĻôо˵Ļ
۾ᶫһսǽйƽʥ۾ǿҪɱпҲǹƽˣҳõ۾ǿԸҳ˹ƽԴʲôأ
̵ַ˵һ漴ֱ̤ͬ˸ȥһЦ̤ʥ۾ʱٽҺĹƽɡ
ص֮УȺҲ¶ȤɫȻЩ⣬ΪַᶫһսַǺַҪ𼧼ҺңҪսڹƽԲһ̬սѧԺҪѹѧԺַ㣬ʥҲΧַ㣬ʥ۶ʣ񣬱ַʥ壬ǿ߲ҳȴַָҵŴս̨ԾȷЩ̡
ᶫɱ𶯣λһ磬ҼѾû̫޵񣬴۾ĵһᶫҲδĶϲ㣬ڽĺܶ꣬ҶҪԪˣʥһˡ
˻ʹҲˣַᶫ˵ɱƺһûпᶫ˻ʹˣַͬм˻ʰһ
Ȼַƺûн˻ʹĿǷ룬ᶫ֮ˣ
ҺңҪΪǵΪڡ
Щɱ鱻ߣûܹʱַģʱΧʵȫˣѩ塣
һ죬λ۾֮䣬ǿʮλλ䣬λ۾ᶫƺַ֮ǰôãΪ˽յ¾ɱһ쳹׵ͷš
ҺͼٴεˣȻַȴԴ˺һ伣ûκε·ûгֹ㡣
ͬʱսѧԺѧԺӴ˲ռԼѧԱ⣬ǼҺ֮˸ҶѧԺκһѧԺѧԺ潫ʦ
һʥ£ҺҳĬΪʥ壬ǶԣǼµĳ裬ǵĺ벻սѧԺǵԸȻսѧԺȴȻӴ˲üԼ̤ѧԺǺεȳ֮¡
ʥݵ˲òʼ˼仰ˣȣǾ仰ԵڶַѧԺеѽбӴ˲ռҺ֮ˣǽַһˣñȼҺԺλöأֻսѧԺΪԺļҺң罫ַɱ֮»Ϊʷ
ҺҵˣַԼսѧԺĴ˳ĬǻΣǲҪǰƺҪһδַɳҶԣǺεȵ֮¡
ȻʥݵһУȻַû˹ϵ뿪֮ǰ˼λһ棬һЩ飬û֪һССĻ棬սѧԺ֮
ʥʥżȳ佥ˣȻɾ۽Ŀ⣬ǱסضǿĴڣΪеյףǣǺˣ
һ죬ַٴʥʳʥʳַ֪ĽԶƽеԵľϲʥʳԣַ㣬ʥʳδʥ֮ʥʳԨԴ
һԺ֮УַڵϣǰһǳɰСһСһģ۾Ưǳ㣬һϯСۣԵмֿɰͻʱַ㣬С۾漴Ŀ̧ͷԵʥʡ
ʥ㲻׺ĸǾǰءʥ΢Ц˵漴ֻСһﻺǰ۵Сַ֣Ҹף
ַ΢Цŵͷ
Ŷҵĸ׵Ļҵ϶ǴģҿꡣСһԴƺ˼
ַ㶣漴Цŵҿ꣬ڸ㿴
ҲԡСһ˵ͷ漴һʱʥ̼޾Ĵ룬ǵȻǴ룬ϸСնռһĻַ۾ӲʥѾΪȻľѡ
Ȼַ꣬аĨ˰Ѻ⵱ӵģЩ˼ͷųԼˣ


2069 ֮ս
ҶͷԼˣôҿġСһС죬Ŀ⿴ַ
ãҲͷҵꡣַЦ£漴󣬾ֲҡϣӴޱȣĳǰҡڣʥͷŵСȫסܰĳ棬һԵĲɵ¶͵ĲЦ⡣
Сһ۾գգ漴ַ㣬¶һĨЦ⣬ףҵһΪʲôûҵĶࡣ
ַͷ漴ЦŵҵĶӱ츳ðɡ
˵ţַ㽫СһҲЦţ꣬Ŀ⿴Եģ۵ĵҵ͸ײһǾͿ϶Ϊĸס
ʥǰСһֱӱʥĿЦŵĸףҵ괫ģԺǲǱ
Ц˵
ʥңҪΪʥʳˣʥʵλá
ʥ˵ĶԣԺҪΪʥʡСһԴһʥʳʥȻȥռַǡ
ãĸ׵ĻԺΪʥʳʥʡСһɰ˵һڣܿ죬СһַͿʼƨƨߵĸַ棬˫ֲҪ׽ַͨӵܣǶԺ󱲵̵ǴСʼǸնµʱг֮ģʱԺͨǽ侳һ׶Σȥ̵ǳ޹κԼֻ֮ͨǵʵȲ
ʥʥʳȻõĴһʥʳרΪͯʱڶ׼ǿһֱʾ磬ʱʥʳļʥ֮һ
ַҲڴʥĹͨǱ̬꣬ȵδ껯ΪѪɾͰ巨֮ԺǸһܺ쾭棬ʥҲȵ̤ʾʱ
ڹĴԽľԽߣܹʱڱ̤ʾȻʼӴֱ㹻֮ȥϵ
иǿһעޱҫۣˣ̤ʾ֮󶼲ֻǻݣֱ̤۾磬ݳǰȻǾﲻôϾ۾磬Ͳ֪Ҫµĥ
ַ츳׿Ȼɻλ֮δ̤۵򣬵ȻʮſʼǴ;翪ʼЩ̫ˣѪҪԼ졣
Сһ˼գַҵʥʣʥʳʥʥ컯񹦴ڸԷȻûйʥഫЧҪܶ࣬٣Ƿܹ裬ҪʥԼ⣬ַ㻹һЩԼռһЩž齻ʥʣ˵ʥʳĵ̸ȱžȻռĲٹžҲǷƷԣ̫ǿĹžѾӵһԱˡ
Ȼַ㲻ʥʰעʥĶЩֹʥɲΪ˿ʥ
ַƺʥֱӸһϢ֮󣬹ʳĹʥŮʥѧԺһλŮһԼսⳡԼսѾʥŲСӰ죬ʱ»мս֮ˣΪǹʥŮǺԼսŮӣʥǼʢ
ַ㵱ȻҲ֪ʥŮ̫ǳٶȷǳ£ƺǻõڵΧİ˴ﵱУ׿䡢ʥŮԼˣѾһֻ̤˵۾Ǵ˴ԼսΪѰǳɾ͵λһ
ַȴûô̤࣬۾ļ䶼ɱʥŮ㵱ȼǿȻ̤۾֮ٲȹʥŮַǣⳡԼսսǿ߽ʱ࣬ȻҲйʳǿڣʥŮĻʳݵ
ʱʵݵĺܣַСһˣȥˣһ죬ַ߳ʥʳȥǹʥŮԼսĵص㣬ȻַףʥʳȻҲǿǰģֻҲûкͶԷһ𣬶ѡ˶У֪̤ʥʳ˶ûмʥҲ⽫ϢˣʧһٶȻصʥʥʲϣַ㻹δʲôѾЩ˵ע⡣
ʥһʥҲͬв˲²ַѾ䣬ĹȻЩһЩϲɡ
֮壬໥Ҫ죬׳ʱǰˣվһӰλٻŮӰǼΪƮȻɣʷǷһˣǹʥŮһˣѧԺ֮Ů콿ŮӵдѪǷŮѧԺһǿ֮ˣȷţҪ࣬ͬǷѧԺǿߣԶͬսѧԺѧԺһ䲻ַ֮ˣѧԺɺͳͬˣۣܶδˡ
ɽ֮ϣһǿӰվǣƽ޵ӰһӵĵʥŮһѪ콿˭ǿ
ַʱҲߣվһϣΧѾвȺԶϢΪһ㣬ֻĬĬյˣһУ·Ѿ޷ǵע⡣
һսȷĿַĿ⿴һΧ޾洦ɼ֮˵Ӱս̨֮ϣЩ˾ܽΧ
ҪʼˡʱַһֻһϿգ໥ɽ֮ϣзӹǿ󣬻۳ɿֲ쫷磬˺ѿռ䣬̶ХʥŮ壬Ҳ쫷Ю
ͬʱһɿµĳ֮֮ϣһĨϼ·𱻺ɫĻȾֿµ⾳˸оĲ춼Ⱦ죬ǳȵĺ죬ĺ죬Ƭգ·𶼱һõĻ棬Ǵ콿⡣
Ůˡַ㰵һǹ⾳Ȼʧɫˡ
쫷۳˺һеķ籩콿˹ȥͬʱ֮һӰ֣һ֮漴ǰ˳Ⱦø죬ͬʱҲȾǹ쫷籩
ʥŮ콿ȻΪʥʥΪһ˵һǿ૵Ůǿᣬ


2070 ޾
˿˵Ĵս̫ձɱ֣ҹʥŮٶȷǳֲͬӰһ㣬ƿػ֮־׻ᱻԻ󵼣˿̣ʥŮƺεռȻϷֲĹơ
Ȼ˿ΪʥŮӵѹƣ콿䴦ڷ֮ƣȻȺȻķ֣Ƭն·һޱ߾޴ķӰסƬ񷣬Ƿĵ̣µķһУȺֻʥŮϵƺҪյˣǵҪһ۸ˡ
ʥŮ콿ʣʥʾǿ˼ˣ֪˫ܷлΪһ䡣ʱ˵
лɣǿ޾ˡֻĿ⿴һǳߵɽ֮ϣһƽվǣ£ͷȻȴ˵֮⣬ңɽ壬Ψһˣƺû˺վһǣκ˶Ҫڸǹâ
޾ַʥݵһЩΪ˽⣬Ȼ֮Щ츳֪ò࣬Χ֮˵ۣ޾ƺҪȹʥŮԼ콿Ҫºܶࡣ
޾Ǳҡһλõˣң˵޾ʥ׼޾ˣȻ޾ʥֻΨһãϣѪ䴳½޾ܿѡŮˡַ֮˵˵Ȼûӹǿ
һӦû鹫ӰɡַеǶǿߵƣǻʻǵۣܳƾ𳽾ֻ߾ʥ֮࣬ڲͬʱ򣬾岻ͬһָ½ʾһˣһ֮ǣƺţȷҫÿһв٣ܹɾۣ˵Ļȵܹ̤ʥ۾һÿһֻһܹô˳ƺţȻһ˿滻޾㱻ΪǱȡ鹫ӳΪһ
һ䣬ȻǺһԵĳƺţ½ʾǿŮˡ
޾ǰʥŮ콿սɵЩζ
޾Ƕ˼֣磬һսʥַ㣬ս˴ţɱˣ֮ǰ̤ʥ̨ӵʥǱʣַ֮⣬ҲԲСʥ䲻ַôҫۣȻҲ̤ʥ̨ֻûʥΣҾ˵ʥݱַߡ
˵½ʮ֮ǣиԵ֮ȻΨһԼһĳƺţ½ģƺţֻܶᡣ
һԼһţ½˲֪
ʱ֮йʥŮ콿սԽĿʥŮԽĿ£̫ĵУʵʵû棬£콿Ӧ䣬ϲߣ·ֹ
գһֲı֮ճһ쫷һƬ𺣣ʹƬضǻϢ
ʥŮ콿ֿصϣңԷϵϢڷƺҪķ֮ս
λ˽Զ֮Ůαڴʱֻһʹɫ£漴Ŀ⳯޾ȥղſ֮ˣ޾
ˣ쫷Хֻ֮г־ŵӰ޾壬ͬʵİ㣬һգ޾ѾŮм䣬΢Цλ˲ɼǰ޾ʥһ໥д裬һӡ֤Щ绨ѩ¡
޾󵨵ķа̾Ҳ޾˶λ콾Ůˣõ޾ǹͷȻȴΪŵϲ
޾ҪҶһǰ޾ʥôֻʥŮ͸һĨ䵭΢Цƽڡ
ǡ޾΢΢ͷ
޸ܡ콿䣬Ȼе¶ȴڡ
ȻҶˣȻܵ𡣡޾΢Ц˵ʹͫһҪս֮Ůôһʱ⣬ʥŮʵǱȵַսʱǿˣټһڹʥŮ콿־ǿµġ
ǱˡʥŮ͸Ц漴Ų̤ͬϯֱ̫Ӻɱʱճֲֿʵֱ̫ӡ޾ԼԺ֮Уҡꡣ
ʥŮ̫ԽԽˡ޾̸Ц˵ֻģ̼䣬ʮһ޴ӡͬʱÿһӡ뵽ĿµУɱ¾ѡ𡭡ֲֿ޾ӡ޾ƣ޲ɾɱһ
ӡ֮ؾɱ¾޾ʥŮ̫ʵʵԶΣµѹأµ˼¡
޾̺ÿֲȺо̫ǷǳԵһ־ݻһУ޾ƸӰԵǿʢ̫ѹסȻҲ֮йأ޾֮ƻֵܹɱΣǶԸͨλǿ޾ֱܹԵշѹɱֵ뵽޾У֮ϣ
콿ͬˣ͹ʥŮԲ޾޾ʷǷ˳ΪǱ鹫ӳΪһֶԸ
֮оѹɹʥŮ콿Ĺµ˼£Ȼ޾ܹɽ޾ƻʼվղЦ˵λȴ֣δЩɷ羰޾޾ʥģ꣬绨ѩ£
˵գ޾ӵĿԵѹ֮ŮĿѣս˳ԣӸ̾ǿ
λˣռһݡֻʱһŲʹٶһ˭˵Ĵ󵨣ȻҺ޾һԵϷʥŮԼ콿
ַڵĹŷ֮ϣΧ֮˿ַ̤ͫ΢΢£ȻûԤϵ⿴Ϣƽޱƽ꾹˵
ַ㲢δԱĿУ˵Χǿڶ࣬Ҫ߹ʥŮ㲻ַ̤
ս޾Ŀ⳯һۣ漴㿴һ˳̤ɵ£޾յ֮ˣƺֹһˡ
Ҫ͹ʥŮԼӳ̸绨ѩ£Ҫûˡ޾Ц漴ڵֵŮ֮ʱֱӳַĳһ޴ӡһӡѹ֮ƳַַоԼ·УΣҸƻϣǹѹܶ
Եˡַ㳩һЦŲǰ̤ȭâ̺֮·漴ֱһȭɱ¡һ죬ǵӡ޴ı֮ƲȺͷֳһֲ


2071 Ϸ
ַɴһȭʹòɫ£޾ĹѾչ¶ͬʱʥŮԼ콿˫ˣܹ׺޾ӡɼʵҲǷǷҲ̤ҪʥŮ콿̸绨ѩ¡
˿̣֮Уַɳǰһҵײ֮սɢֻ޾վм䣬Ŀ⿴ַ㣬Ц֪¿λ
ŹʥŮ࣬Ҫһ׷󡣡ַ㺬Ц˵ʹùʥŮЦݸ̫ˣȫ콿ӵˡ
֪ºˣҪһ׷û⣬δԸΪвŮĴڡʥŮ˵
ʥŮ˵Ȥַ΢Ц˵ɣֱŹʥṲ̊Ȼֻʱ޾΢΢˸£赲ַǰЦȲҶռ˫ҪҿûʸʥŮ̸¡
˵գһɵַϣ̼䣬ǹǿʢƻַ㣬ʹַоĲ·ÿһλҪǹƻ֣֮޾ûͷԴΪʹЦݸмֲ֮⣬ֱֻ̧̤һӡɱշ·𷢳֮
ַ̤ûͣ·ֲֺۣĿռȻ䳯ǰɱӡ˺ѣַֻȭâݺأ޾Ʋϱݻ٣Ȼ޾ɫ˿䣬һ̤ƺɨ֮гһƾӡָͬɽ㣬ֱӴַͷϿѹȥַֻоԴһɿµѹ·Ҫѹƻ㡣
ַѾǼΪǿˣȻѹоܣɼͨλʣֱܱѹȻ޾ǱΪһʵȻӹɡ
ڴ˿ַ̧̣ջؼ·һ̼֮佫Ǿ޴ӡһ϶첻ϣӡѣַ̧ͷϿձһӡ׵˺
ͬʱ޾ѾַǰؼƻǰƬշµŭХɫ䣬Զ˿ɿµ֮ЩȻʧɫ޾ղź͹ʥŮԼ콿սδȫʵÿ¡
ȻַϣͬпµĻۣط򶼱ÿ񱩶ͬ˰ķţͬʱַӡһ֣һ֣ƻ񷵹ѹɲܶҡ
֣ѵʥԲɡĿ𺳣˾ǺηʥȻҺ޾ƴ޾ֱԹǿƣӵпֲıǿ֮ͬ伸˵ҺֱӲο˿˾δͷԼĵ
˵Ĺײһ飬Ƭɽ·𶼲£˷ƶǹϢѹŰɢڲζʥŮ콿¶𺳵ɫͬΪʾ죬ǰսˣǿǲòϡ
˷֮սڹʥŮ콿ս̨Ȼȴ޾Լİǿ˷ͷ
޾ַƷֿǵж¶˾ȵɫ޾Ȼ𾪣ȻֱܹӶԺ䣬ԷĿԼֲķ֮ͬˮް㳯շѹ̩ɽѹ֮ƣ˸о޷⡣
ַͬ޾ǿᣬķںϺεȹټǿֲһ磬ܺƴ治࣬޾ƺһǹƻڵʱоԼҪκһϸҪƻշ飬ϧ̫ǿᣬ޾޹
ַǱ׷һ˵Ͼڵԣ۷Ҳɨ
޾Ŀ⿴ַ㣬Ƿŵ¶һĨЦ⣬Һ֪ܹս̶ֳȵˣǺˡ
֪ұУһҪַ֪֡㲻һЦ
޾ɫһĨɫ漴ͷֵʵʸʥŮ̸绨ѩˣұ㽫ʥŮ㡣
޾˵޼ɵ˵ʥŮøַ㣬ĪʥŮ˲ɡ޾Ļĵ
޾ŵѣҲ׼Լ޾ʥԵɣѪߡ
ʱֻ޾Ŀ⿴콿ЦȻʥŮԵôǰ޾ʥҹƽ£̸ѩ·绨
ûȤ콿Į˵޾νأǰ޾ʥ̸绨ѩ£ѵҪǰȥӲɣ޾̫ˡ
һҪǰ޾ʥ̸ġ޾ƽ˵ЩЩִ֡
һߣַ̤˹ʥŮ΢ЦʥŮ֮òһֱĽѣлһ׷ʥŮĪҪܾǡ
֮ϵһգλŮǰԼսȻȴ⵽λϷ˭鷢
ʥŮɹЦݣȻȴ͸źЦ
ģҲ˺ʥŮַĿ͸ŵЦ⣬ƽ˵
ˣŭХֻʥŮٶȿ磬µֱ̫ӳַԴɱַԺгһƬ󣬷·̫Լһξ룬ȻʵϣԹʥŮǿµٶȣ⹥˲ܽ٣ַܱ
޴Ĺַ֣֣ϣ漴ֻƳǰȻ˳ȥǵ̫֮ݻ٣ʥŮǰ͸һУɱ
ַֻоϮɱǹɾֲܿ˫лֱӽԺ֮вɢߡԻĸ֪
ַŲ̤գֱһȭǰ˳ȥ¡¡շѹݻһУǿһУֻʱʥŮƮȻˣҪ룬ȻȴַֻȻһֲۣ̼ĽɫʥŮ嶼סʥŮɫ΢䣬ֲ˺ǿռ
ȻȴʱַӰͬ㽵٣ٶȣȻ˿ȹʥŮ
ʥŮĪҲɡַ㺬Ц˵ʥŮϵЦʧŭȵ
˵գ̫ٶȳǰɱȻֱַһƺݺݵƫշѹȥùʥŮֻоһɿֲѹ֣ͬʱ޷漴ַֻ彵ǰֱӿסƣ漴Ӱζһֻ־һĻʹ˶ĿɿڴһĵӿǱ޾
ַֻԴյ˹ʥŮӣƺ˿ʥŮŵɫ԰˵ǿߵϷ


2072 ʥŮ
ſҡʥŮʱַ§ֿ⣬Ȼȴļ羱ֻ֮Էɱ֣Ҫ
ʥŮڻ÷ſַЦ˵漴Ų̤Ҫ뿪ҪԷߡ
üһһԵ޾ַĶһĨɫǺüһ
˿̣֮бǿϢأֻӰ̤֮Уǹʳ콿ַ޾ԹʥŮԼ콿ǲûʥŮԼ콿ԿеıȻȻۼǰľ潥ʧأȴòˣЩ˵ĵʵַ̫㣬ڵϷʥŮ
̼䣬ַǰ˼λ۾ǿߣֻһɫĮˡ
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬§ŹʥŮ˵嶼һʹùʥŮֻоޱɫԽĲ԰
·ַ㵭˵Ų̤ʹ޲ɫһһȻӹʳǿߣҪʥŮ뿪̫ˡ
÷ļһֻһ쫷Х֮УȻַֻһ§ŹʥŮ͵ĳŹʥŮϺ£µķԷڣʹùʥŮƺһֱ³һѪɫԽĲ԰ס
ȺһĻԶоͷ΢£˲ֹ󣬶Ĺݣִݻɡ
ʥŮ࣬޷һ׷Ǳֻлˡַ㿴Щס˵ĹʳǿߣЦ˵ЩʳȻΪֻҪЩǿˣκε鶼ӭж⣬Ȼˡ
ַĻʳǿһȻȻ˷֮ˣ
㲻Ҫ𣿡ֻΪ׵ǿ˵
ԸʥŮַɺЦ漴Ųһ̤ɲϷˣʳǿɫһ漴Ҳ׷̤Ų׷ַ㣬ǵҪ˭˷ǹʳǿߵ߹ʥŮ
ǲɱ𣿡ַͷ
ҶһʳʥŮҲɡЩҲַܱ࣬ƿأɽַ㡣
ǱһֱŰɡַЦ£˸ԶȥȺԶȥӰɫ¶Ȥɫ֮£ʵǵԤơ
޾ûеóѣֻǵϷ콿վ̫Ȼ޾һ콿ӵ뷨첻Ǽһ޾ݣľ˹ʥŮа֪ʲôˣս޾ҵΪֱӴ˹ʥŮĺܲҡ
޾ﶼЩ˼ɣȴûУ֪ǲ̫ˡ
ַγĳһХУܿ죬ȻЩȴûκһ˵ٶȻģλ۾׷ᡣ
ڴ˿ַ̣ǰһ޴ĺʱַǹһĨЦ
Ȼӿ죬ַ˷·쫷ֱӳźг˹ȥͬʱϣʼصϢƺ硣
ţ۾ǿüͷ΢壬漴ٶҲӿ죬ַ㣬ЦƾһѵַΪߵõô
һ촫ַֻ崩֮У̼䣬Уһַķ֣һΪֻڶݵɲǣаٵַӰַ֣ı𶼰棬ַǿ߿Ρ
ңڳ֣ԽԽֲķʼ˷˸ȥž޴˷ӿ˹ȥ
ʱλʳĵ۾ǿҲ˺֮ϣһĻǵɫ΢΢һѵַΪѵЦ
漴ֻһпµϢȻ䳯¿ȥȻȴͬʱһ۱ַ֣һֳֵ۱ֱӳϿպ˳ȥ̼ѣȻЩûбУͬʱˮеѾ˺ˮŰȥ
ߡһǿ¿ɱ˹ȥ˼ʥŮղǵᱻһ۱赲ס
һΣˮı¿յһըѵôĳףһзʧںеʱЩʳǿ߶סˣĿɿڴôģղЩһûʥŮӰףһûУȷǵһֱһ߾壬ط
׷Ųͬ򡣡Ϊ֮ɫ࣬漴˵嶼ˣλٶȿ磬ܿ죬һӰ׷ЩܵӰֱǿɱĨȻǷ֣ƺǹĶǷ
ô£ֻһɫ׷ˣѾ׷λ˼ʮ߷Ǳ壬׾ͱһƺ𣬵ǶԷʥŮʧģ
һЩʱ̣ʳ۾ǿ߶׷˸أ໥䶼һǵɫڱˣøѿܲ԰ףǣʥŮŪˣ
ô죿һɫӲԵЩңǸû뵽ʥŮΪĿԼսŪңǱ˵ǵ°ߣԷֻһʾѡ
û˴𻰣һƬţЩˡ
ͬʱһԼַ̤ʥУŲȻЩʥ̫ˣ˦Щˣֻǻһͨ۱Ĵۣԣ۱ô
ַ㾶ֱصʥʳ̤ԼԺ䵱Уַ磬ʥŮãȻĿǰ磬ûгڵ磬ֵַɲǣ£漴˭
ʥŮô㲻ϵˡַ㵭˵ŲŹʥṲ̊ȥʹöԷɫӲǸᱡңʳŹ㡣
ʥŮΪԼˡַһЦ漴ǰ̼䣬¶һּ͵ݡ
һ̣ʥŮɫ˲ûһ˿ѪɫɫҰס
ַ㣡ʥŮһ̵Ŀ־Ӿ磬ַ㣬ɫ֮ͽᱡַ㣬Ҫ
ȻʥŮΪʳʥŮ˲ϢԼƽַ㣬ҪΣҶ㣬ҵӣǻԺҪҳΪŮ˶У㿴Σ
вףʥŮҲǼ֮˲ԸһУ塣
αô鷳ֻҪƳħҪ͵øңҪҿƹʳҲҪ㶼ԥַĮ˵ʹùʥŮɫӵѿħַֻĻƺ뵽ıˡ
ѵִݻұʬ⣿ʥŮͻȻ¶һĨȻЦ⣬֮ʹóֻԼ¶ǰļȻַɫֻǰʥŮ§ס漴Ŀ⿴۾Ȼ䣬һֲħֱӳ˶ԷԺ֮УʹùʥŮɫҰףַ㣬ɲϷŹģ̫ͣ޷ҡ


2073 ʥ
ʳʥŮʧ٣ʥҲ˲СĲȻʥƺһɰӿţǡãַùʥŮһЩϵ
ʱʥһ¥֮У̸۴¡
ϳҵǧԼҵүʧˣѾʥڶλʧٵˣ
ǲˣƺǰ˾ʮλ˰ɣƺʧٵ˶һͬ㣬Զ츳λʾ磬֪ʲô˵˵Ĳ󵨣רһЩ֣ЩٶеĹʥϹڵġ
ʲôѵ֪ʳʥŮˣĿʱ̣Źʳ뿪ģԷαװһŵĺɫ֮Ҳʳ˸û뵽һʾܵǵʥŮ˶û뵽Ҳ֪˭µĺ֡
Ⱥ۷׷ףַ֪±ȻгԾʥʳʥԼѧԺͬڣ֮ǿ֮һȻ֮ʳʥ壬ȴǸ࣬ǲ֮мǹûվ۷壬ȴӴо޴ǱʱȴʱᣬȻڣȴ˶ʧ֮£˶ַ°߹ʥŮҲһ¼С
Ҳʥ֮ʱػʳػʳʥǬԼͻʳʥʵȼ˷ֱվһ̨ǰڼ̨֮ϣо͸޴ļһӿŵĺɫţÿһ֮ϣһλλʾǿڣȻЩ˶Ϊʹ죬ǵü֮һĳǰ̨һӿȥɫ촽ż֮ɫɫףϱһɿµĻš
ʱ̨֮ϵľŴ׳׵Ť񽥽ÿնһƻӿǽԶ˫Ŀû˰걻ãû
̨ϵȻһһĨ֮ɫ漴ֻȻſһ˸оһɭĿϢȻľҲֻλʶѣȻվǰǿʥû¶ӵ̬෴¶һĨȻ·ʥ۶
žŰʮһλ֪ʥ֮ЧˣػʳʥǬǰʵԭ꣬ȻǴżĹʥֻΪʥҵһλ۷壬֮룬꣬ϡ
ʥʧһ£û˻뵽ȻЩ߸ϵʥָɵġ
ֻôˡʥޱȵƽ·ǲǰʮһŵȻϹʱڵĹʥѣǳ˽Լú֮⣬ˣжͬһжľηɥ̫ࡣ
ǰǬٶȿڡ
İɣҴӦǵȻҲԺǸʳѡǰԻᴫĹŷʥÿʳֻһˣҪ״ǣҪԺıˡʥ˵˵˫ںĹϵʥȻֱӽеĺôЩʳĻû̫üֵˣʥ״ԼתڵĲǾ޴ġ
ЩʳʥҲһ˫˲ʥ˴ǵĺ󱲡
һεľһִУʥ뵽ʲô㣬һ
һ죬Ӧˡػʳʥƽ˵ʱʥ˵һâôϣҪĶ֣磬ֻ߲꣬ҩ
֮أûʲôǿĶ֣ʥٶʵ
֮أʥǰǿӦǵһ鹫ˣ⻹мǱǷ޾°߹ʥŮҲΪߣǼ۷ԼһЩǱˡǬĿ¶˼ɫˣ̤ʥ̨ˣʥݳоΣҵһ
ʥһâĵ
ǰϹʥˣ֪ˣȻǰĳʱ֮صɷ˲塣ǬӦһʥ˲δ̫⣬˵ͷֻҪȹһΪһ磬˭档
ʥ΢΢˵ͷտصǾأ
Ǭɫһݣ׷һˣ˶Ƕԣӡ̫ˣΪʳʥ巢˸ʥĴսʥ˶䣬ôˣֻ񣬺ܶ˶ԸǣѾˡ
һսΣδ
ϧǾʥЩ壬ԶûַǾ
ʥǰȥˡǬ˵漴Ƿ׷뿪ߣʳʥŮʧ٣Ů˾ȻɵǵϣҲҪȥƽϾǶԸȥŮǼʳ鹫ڣǶǶҲǲСѣʥ嶼ᰵǣǲ̫ܡ
⣬ʥôãǹʥԼûҲбҪע·˶ˡ
½ʮ֮֮УǶǿ߾ۼ֮أǿռ޴ûбκεطһЩǿţʥҲһЩڸصȵһĻʳ߹ʥҪֲ࣬ʥ򣬱һȺµĴڣŰʥΨҶҪΪʳѹȥʳѾʥֲǧ궼ٳ߶Ѿ֪ķչᵽһ˿ͬѰϢô򣬽Ҫˡ
½ܻ꣬ÿʳÿһÿһˣʱ̶ԼĹ¡ǵĹ»ƽĶǡֻ˸أȻܹԼĹ³ǰģȴֻٵÿļܹ
ֻ̫һƬ½ޱ޼ʣС磬˴Ĵ½ȻҲţҪվЩŵĶˣǺεȵѣ񣬾½ÿһƬ֮ϣǵĹ£ÿһţڷܷǰŬԼһǰҲŸҰģҪ½Ұ֮С
ʥŬŬ콿Ŭ׿ŬŬ޾Ŭһ鹫ӣҲŬ½޾ŽԶŬ
ַ㣬ȻҲŬŲͬȴͬ̤۷ţڣһգǻվǰƬ½֪ǵĴڣǵĴ˵


2074 󶯾
ʥ֮ڼǧǰͳʥʳԼʥͥԵǿʢʱʥݺᣬ֮ʮ֮ǵ綼Ǩ㵽ʥʥ۷ڡ
ȻҲһʱʥʳԼʥһʱ˸ŶĴսһսʬҰǿ˲֪٣ڵ綼ñһึ˲ʹĴۣҲûĲ磬йһЩ꣬Ȼʥ˵ǰʧˣǧδ߶ȻЩȻҲǼΪĵ͵
ʧ伣ǧԷһ統е֮磬޾һĿռ䣬Ϊ£һƬȾѪ磬֮Уʮޣ񡢹ԳţϬ޾ƬȾѪĲ񷣬ĿģЩ޶ǻģǶ¶ޱʹɫԼһεξѪϵţϵµ䣬ǵУ޾ıԼ
ʮ޵Ѫ£ͬѪһһޱ߾޴ѪأѪصУ˼ֲӰδ̰ͣ޾ѪʮΪȳǱʥʳȻ𾪺Ϳֻš
Ȼ˲֪ģһ棬Ѿʱ⡣
꣬ʥʳᵽ˲ͬѰζΪʥƺ½̤룬ǵע⣬Щ̤ˣ඼ǱѺŽʥģüΪأǵ̫ǿԷֵˣѺŶ֮ˣ䱾壬ޣ̤ĵ̣ȻƬѾǧû㼣ɽ
ڴʱ˿̣лʳǿޣʥʳˣĳգվƬݺ֮УĿǰֻһӰڿգޱȵĿεĳ¶Ѫâͷ΢΢£漴¿գֻĴѺȺɽ棬漴ʧ֮С
Ҫˡ૵һͷ̲ס΢΢£ʳ˿εĶǶԤУҪд·ˡ
ʥʳʥ̸ַ漴ʥʵʥʣƺд֮Уû˼
򣿡ַɫ΢͡
ַ㣬ʥܹ޷ͥĴڣ½ǿһѾ˼ǧ֮áʥʶַ˵漴ǰ㱨ǿߣʵиϢ𣿡
ûУ˼ǧ꣬Ǹ޷͸ȥϢᴫǿ߻Ӧ˵ʱʥ΢΢ͷ漴ȥɽ
ʥʣҲһǰȥɡַ㿪˵Ҳ뿴ʥ
ȥҲãֻ濴ܽ棬ʥûһ˸ҽȥʥƽ˵ʹַ΢һ֮Уƺܹܵǿᡣ
΢΢ͷ漴ʥʴַ̤ʥʳƬɽȥ̵̤ɽ֮ʱַܹ̼ܵһǿʢȻִԼ޹
ʱʥʺַĿ⳯ĳȥһɫǿһѺǰУһˣмʮ֮һȫʾ硣
ǱҲСַĿ⿴һλ

ʥָԶĳλֻʱĿأ૵˴ģ޽βˣҲûΣʱ䣬ʱռнʥȻ̤˲ŻôܼѺ֪ڳﱸʲôı
ôޣʲôַʵ
ʲôֶζУ˭֪ʲôµֶΣԴȡʥʻӦһַ΢΢ͷֶ̫̫࣬޷Ҳ޷
˿̣ĳλ·ͻأðʵֵգͻȻû谵ޱȣûκιâַĿ⳯ǱͶȥɫ΢΢һͣúڰգҰȻ޷͸Ƭڰʲô
һȻ¿մѺЩǰǿߣһ·УѾڰеļһɧΣû뵽Ȼҳֽˣֱ
£ƬڰУ޴Ļצ·Ҫץ񷣬ƬڰȻȥ
ȤȻ˸ҵˣƿصĵڰ֪Ƿĺڰ֮ʥʻڣַĿҲǱȥĿɨһ¿ձѺŵȺȻ䣬ͷ΢΢һϣһɱϢ
ַ㣬ôˣʥĿַ⳯ȥɫ£Щ죬ַôͻȻͷź⡣
Ȼʻ֮ʱַĽŲȻ̤˳ȥ֮ϯǱ˹ȥһĻʹЩ¿յӰоˡ
塣ַ㺰һȻ䣬¿յͫ΢΢£ƺЩϤӰͷ΢΢һתȴһİףɵ¡
壬ҡַԼıףٶȿ˵һ̣ɫݺݵһַ㡣
λʾ硣ʺܿע⵽ַΪ磬΢һƼȻûпַ츳ǿȻô̤λ֮
Ȼܿ죬뵽ʲô㣬ַߣ뿪
ҹض޹ַܴ츳ףȻҲֻλʾѣѺĶ鵱УǺҹս⣬һڣ۾ޣַܹģַǾ
壬Ƕҹַû뵽ıȻǣϹϵ޾ңԶҹˡ
Ҫʣַ㣬ߡַԺ֮бһȻ˿̵ַֻиĮ֮⣬ߣҹŷǷ壬̤һʵһȺĳĮķ塢壬½㡢ɰĴħԳǶô
ԶʥȻûϵַ㾹ȻЩõ޻йϵɵ£漴ЦҪˣ֪᲻ᾪЩĹ
ֻһɫһµâȻַͬ㣬ֱӻޱľ޴צַݺݵ˹ȥֲϢ޵ǿܶࡣ
ַ㣬ߡɫӲȻַȭȻַ츳ȻȻôܺޱƴ
ǵһ촫漴дһХ֮Ŀһĵʱ򣬷ǹַ屻˺ѵѪ겻䣬ַȴǣһΨб֮ݺأɱֲ


2075 
Ǵյַ㣬ĿҲȻһ˲䣬·˺ܾð㣬˿ƺʶǴҹַ߳㣬ѲˣЩѾɳһֲľأһȭλʡ
뵽ɵЩ꣬ô꣬Ҳֻλʣӻַ㣬ʱַ㻹ֻһŷǷ츳꣬Ȼ츳ܻΪʵ룬Ҳ֮ǣӦҲЩ˰ɡ
ǼѺҹǿߵӰĿҲַͬ㣬ǵĿ¶֮⣬ֻǣǿߣ۾īɫģͫ׸һɼɭĸо
ַ㣬Ǳ涾ޱȣ츳ڣ߰ɡ𾪹ָƽַ㴫˵Ǳۣ۾ޣַܹ˵ġ
壬Щһַͬ㣬ֻǱ¶ɭЦСһĿǺܴҪ
ֻ͡һɺĳȻ䳯ַ˹ī̵Ķ֭ӳ³ַ㼤ĶҺλʵļһܹ׶ɱ
ȻַֻϹһµĺֲг¿ѹȥ漴ֻŲкݺһ̤峯¿սȥһȭŭХ¡һ죬µݿһУǶҺֱɢҲܵǹǿɺĳ˲ջأһ޹ͻȻ䳯Ͽȥһ޴ߣＸףֱӳַȥ
ſ˲佫ʮ̵ͬʱжҺַɱĿ¡
ַ㿴ǳԼǼ侲ֲ壬Եµħл۶ֱַӽӡĳ֣١湲ַعһɿµϢϷŶ
ַһȭɲǣطһ¡죬ٹƻģַ峯żֱӳ۵ľ죬ޱȿֲƽΧȫУ˶޷ɿ¿յоһ޵еѹ
ŵĴ۾Щˣͬĸ˺һУ³ĶҺȭâ֮ȫݻٵԵǰҺӲá
Ȼ˿̱ѣַȥȥƲַ㼤ٶȸ죬ѡֻɱ
һ޴˻Ȼ䳯ַ˺ҧȥ졢׼ݣ·Ҫֱӽַ˺Ρ
Ȼһַ̣Ų̤£ٶȾȻٶȱֱӳ˾쵱Уֲһ̳׵ıըűں˳ȥ
ȫǶҺʵ˽ȥȻһ̱ȴˣĸоǹ˺һеĿֲ޷ܵˣڿֲĶҺҲ޷ǹ
ʨľ޴ıѵ̼䱻˺飬ȥһŭֻһ֮곯Ʈȥ˫ַ㡣
ǿͷٶȲ£ɫΪ𺳣ַ㣬ۡ
һѾôǿˡͷ΢΢ţŸղɲǼսһԣʣ߱ɱۣղǹÿ£Ҳܺι̵塣
𣡡곯ַ˹ȥ֮⣬׼ַԺ֮Уɱַꡣ
ȻַֻһƿֲĻۣ漴ǰĴ̼·ǧӡǣŶԷ˹ȥ֮䣬귢˻֮ţȻ޾ӡȥգӴ껯Ϊҽɢڿա
ɱˡȺɫһﱻһʾɱˡ
𡣡¿գҹûػǶʱҪ˺ͬʱ⼸޹ȥʣµļɫѿҪܣȻȴַ˸һɱһˣܿ죬Ϊļޱɱɾ
ַһն˹ȥ̼ڱնϣЩҹʿַ㣬ͷԣʾ࣬Ȼֵ̬ز޶ǿ̫ˡ
壬ôûп½㣿ַĿɨˣмϤӰȻûۺ¡
Ѻǵ˷Ϊÿһλۿأһλۻۣҹ˶ԸۣǱ⡣ɫӲЩѹ޲ֻҹޣޣЩҪõģλʣȻ·;Ҳãûгɹ
˵ǰ㣬˿һλλԼλѺһƥ̤뵽֮УʱſһӰ̤Ϊ֮һ۾ѪɫģΪ¡
١꣬λ۶΢΢ǳǰѡʮеһλҪ̳мʮѪɵѪΪδɨʥϴˢ֮裬¡
֮⣬ʮΪգٻԶŵʥĻԻͣ١
΢΢ͷĿɨһЩѺŵĵЩūɡ
ǵġ
Ůĸ¡ָָһŮӣȻǺ¡
¶һĨĵЦݣϲŰƯŮǰŮ㽿޼ϲҲ֮¡
ɫѿ˿ûЦݣЩ쵰Ҫūôūʲô
ƸܵµĲĿ⣬ǰַںµ°ϣ漴ºµûб
³ŶԷһڣȻԴһƫȻӦԵЩ¡
ֻǴһĨЦݣ漴ĺµЦ㱻ĺܲҡ
˵գ߳ţɹаЦʹúɫΪѿѵҪΪô


2076 ֮
ҹսƬڰ·һУΨбŰϢݻһУַ㽫Ǿ֮ɫȴһֱÿ±ãδַоΪꡣ
һ·ַʥ̸˲֪һɼΪµԷһ֮УʥʣҲ޷̤ģܣҲðսУ˭֪жǿˣһλʥ۽ȥûл·ġ
ַ˼ͬʱֻԶһӰХַΪ׵꣬͸Ѫɫ֮⣬˵ĸоǼ޼㻯ΪΣʮ㣬ŶеҪأϣûôص
ѪɫĿ꿴ַͫ΢΢£һѪֲ̼ɱ⣬Ȼ˵֮ɽнЩ;ߣ̫ˣôãѾô
͡廯һѪ⳯·ֱӳַǰٶʹַͷ΢΢£ɫһȭâȻ񱩺ִܲ٣ȻɿֲԷһֲѪɫצֱץַȭͷ֮ϣѪ۸ַ֣ˡ
ͷһԼȭͷϱץһѪַۣɫһ⣬漴̧ͷŶԷȥſµַȻûԤϵԷǿᵽ̶ֳȣַԼжǿһЩ˽ģͨĴﶼܲȻַ֪ԷǺҲ㲻ôˣԷһ֮У˼ǧ֮ãʱҵʮѪ׼ʮ٣ǰһλһλֲڵá
ⲻ֪ʱԷҲǼΪ𺳣ٽֱûκεĶҡȻںֻȴ΢΢ţȻûԤϵַôԵֱӺ⣬ֱ
ҪôַĮͫԷɫ䣬֪
ôַͷ֮⣬ŲȻ̤˳ȥ¡һղױ֮ȭâ֮иϿֲ׹⣬ޱȿԵŰյУƬض貶ĿϹ⡣
˸أƬշ·𶼱Ϲûǿɫһݣһ˴Ե٣ˣⷨܿ¡
Ȼ˶ԷĻֻһֲĴ׳Ѫɫצ·ѪȾצֲһ۱ƺܹ̺ܵж¡
߱Ѫɫצǰ֮гְʮһ߱ɱһеصצӡޱȾ޴ܹ˺Ļצͱ׵ȭâݺݵײһǹɿµԴݿһУЩﶼԣû뵽Ȼµֺ˵زܹٵ߱צײ
ʵҲַԣֲ̫ˣһЩַ꣬㣬Ѿɳеĵزͺյַ㿴һԼ꣬ԼȴҪˣ츳ҹƫһ֮صġ
ַٶȷַֻֿ㳤ƮĿ⺮䣬֮֮е׵ڿŰȻٿԷֱ۷·𶼱׵ը˰㣬צǣɫ԰ס
ĿĶַ㣬˺ͬΪʮеｻ棬δйܼ棬ʮҲû˸ѹǰһȴˡ
ʲô֣Ŀⶢַ㣬ȻȴַֻĽŲٶȳ̤˳ȥʹͷ΢΢£оһεѹ
ʮ٣ΪĴڣܶһĴη壬ɱͷһݣϵµֱ۾Ȼٶ̧צٶȱԽ
ˣЮſµ쫷磬һ̵ַٶȿ쵽˼£һγַһһأƺ෴ֱַӳȭâݺݵĺҶϵʹ񷶼Ҫѡ
¡һ죬ٱñˣ۵һ³˼Ѫɫ԰ףһַ̤㣬ϯأɱޱȡ
ÿվñֱĿⶢַ㣬ǵѪ죬ǰÿλãĿ⿴١
ܾûѪˣָоܺáеѪʢɣ뿪
ַĿⶢŶԷ˵ֱܹĵλǳߣǺ½ı֮У
뵽ַĿ⳯Զʥȥ΢΢ͷԵʥʣҪ´ҡ
ʥʻ䣬Ȼ䳯߶ͬʱЩע⵽Զʥʣ˲ץסٵ壬̼ѪûأǵӰ·ѪɫӰԶȥ
ѪݡַͫʥʵٶȲν죬һ˲㽵ߡ
㾹ȻҪңڡٵӰĻã漴ʧߵУַɫӲȵҪսǵðһλкµŮ
ãһҳģҷųϢ֮ʹַĿ⽩ӲǶߵͬʱҹǱߵսҲˣԷҲЩһ뿪
ʵĿַԵʥʣѾԣû뵽ַ߾Ȼôµǹѹҹ϶ûм
ʱһڰһռ䣬ַĿ⳯ƬڰȥֻõһӰɵĿ£ҹ˺أڰӰΣ˽ľ붼ı𣬾ͷ·ֻһӰһ
뿪߰ɣɽΧʱǿ߳ʥʶ˿ڵַвʣȻɵ˵ͷϣܹ½ҳڣǷ򶼲ֻܼϣڴˡ
ټΪҵ£Ӧò˺Ὣڰ֮һҹ·
ϣˡַͷοʼ˸뿪ߣص򣬾ȻܵңԶҹ֪ʲôµı
뿪󲻾ãһµ޽ٵǸղ֮أֲЩ˵Ŀ⳯ɽ֮ȥƴ͸ա
ʣˣȵʮѪɣɫ䣬㽫ٳ£ɨʥǿĿƴ͸񷣬ԶȥƺѾ֪


2077 
ʥ伣˼ǧ֮ãٶȷһգʥд֪ĲͬѰʥ½Ȼ޲ͬʱһϢԿֲٶʥһʱ޲ľЩһų˵ϵĴ˵Զоһľǡ
ͬʱַʵһЩҹʻʥʳҹ뿪ˡ
ҹȥַ㿴ʧҹʵ
ҹȥ٣㲻̫ҹ˵ʵҪûôסʿ˵ҹһֱصĻźڰ
ҹν֣֮Լλ۾۽ҹ޷⣬ҹôҶߣҪǿ⣬ȻֵܱûɱǵҪĿλʣλʡɫѿû뵽ö˶˵ģҹȻ˴δ١
Ǽƣ򲻽ǣ֮ص޾ۼ֮أǶˣֻЩ֮ǵǿǲ׶ʥһԿڣʿŶԷи̾Ѿ֪ǻʳʥַĵλѾȿµزܹʥģǰֱ޷
ɽۣ㶼ѹַϵһɽԣҲǲɶҡĴڣȻǰ֮ǰҲϡ
ֻܵϢˣϣ½¡ַɫĮ³£֮Ѫ졣
Ȼʥڲ²ĶȻȴû˸̤ǿأ˵ʥ֮սʳʥ干ͬǿԷһ֮ڣȻ˵Ҫ̤Уκһҵж
֮УǺַսĿ⿴ź£¶һĨɫ
к£Ŀ⿴죬ַһս֮ص֮б㿪ʼѰҺ£û뵽ȻԼҪµŮ
˸֪һΪ֪Լ
ǣ㵽ʲôĮĻӦ
죬漴ַںµ°ϣаЦʱ䣬ӦûдˣҪúһŮζȻҪˣұٺú㡣
ԷĻɫ£ʵҪң
ǵģڵҶҪǿ֪ǲˣʮѪ֮һμ棬ұն죬漴Ʒſ˺£ЦնӴ㽫ҵսƷ
˵գ˸ԶȥħѪ֮ʱ٣һιÿ̤һ磬ǾǿĴڡ
ʱѪ֮أЩȫΪūƷֻ˿ƬѪɫ֮ϣһεѪϵ¿յѪ֮УѪаħӰֲۣһЩµı̬ڡ
ֻʱ߿ݹ쳵̧˹Ų̤ͬһɺԡѪ٣·ʱȻǵ˫۾ȴ˸о¡
ЩˣյڣЩϹ
ֻ˿̣֮гһȺֲϢǿᣬǿǼ߿ݹǣλѪٻʥĴҵ㽻ˡ
ˡһɳƵ˵ЩվյԶɫ£Źϵļˡ
֮ҵһޱøӵѪţЩݹĴ̤ѪУ޾Ѫɫӿǵ֮Уһ߾߿ݹǿʼָѪ
ʮپΪһ̼䣬ʮӰվѪʮλʮˣλʾλʡλԼ۾Ҳͺλһƽɼ˴ѡʮˣҪıλʣȻδһйء
˿̣ʮ˽Զɫ£ǣܰѪٻʥУԼʥǸڣǣƿδ
񷱻Ѫ׵Ⱦ˺ɫ·𶼱Ѫɫ֣ŭ˸أȻ޷Ӱ쵽ѪĽУϵڸգǵѪԽԽǿ󣬾ԽԽֲӿµ壬żһѪ֮Уǹѹ˸ء
Ȼֻǿʼѣ֮ǵٻԶŵʥֻ֮ϣһޱȾ޴Ǵ콵£ֲ̺֮ϢһԶŵľǣƺǷݣ˫ڱա
Ȼ䣬޾ѪֱӴǾ߹ϵ֮ϣЩɫ£ԶֱԼѪΪʱճѪߡ
Աߵʮ¶ɫٻʥˣֻҪʥٻپѪõʥӴ֮ʮ٣˭棬򲢷Ǻģǧһȥ߶֪ԼʵһΣʮٵʵκһ˶Ժͬ棬һ˽յѪԼУǣֱܹʶľ֮
һգ޾ѪȾأ޾ңԶأǶܹ޵ŭһϵ޾Ƭ磬ˣ·øа졢ǿʢ˼֡
磬֮зֲĴɲֺֻ֪ڲ²⣬򵽵ʲô󶯾ǲ֪Ϊ˽֮£Ѿ׼̫á
֮ɽ֮Уͻأ߳ޣ̤ʥҲûд¾ƺǼȡյĽѵ׼ʥΪУȻСĦȴϣΪ˵Ŀⶼ۽ϣǷ֣߳һˣսǿЩ¡
֮³߶ζʲôڷǵ򣬻ˡ
Ϣһʥﱻһλǿһȭɱ
ϢһѧԺʢǱǿڱһ̵ֱˡ
յƺƲɵ
ڣǽʥս̨ʥʳԼʥ棬ʳԼʥһΡ
ͬʱһϢ½ս̨ǱߣȻһϢ˶޷ףµҲû˵֪һʲô˼ȻʥʳַһǶ˭˵ģȻ½УȻԷϢôغûҲֵο֮°ɡ


2078 
򷢳ٶʥˣս̨һĵطΨзǳҪսŻʥսٰ̨죬˴򷢳ټʥʳԼʥ뽵ҵص㶨ս̨岻ԶҪʥǵĹ
ʥż֮µķ粨ƽϢȴس£ٶһӵ֮Ȼ޲˶Χͬһ֣̽һǽֶѵΪôǲܵģѪĽѵڡ
ػʳ֮У̨֮أʥĿޱȣǰˣҲȺȻŵȵزǿ
ǰЩıַǳ𺳣мλʵǿֲһ˵ľأһȭܺɱʥţֱûǱ֪ЩʲôȻһ
ػʳʥʿ˵Ϊʹ죬չżȫַ㣬ʥ˶ַƿأȴ˼λȥŵ㣬ʥˣػʳѡ˼λ츳˳һЩֶΣȻͻȻðһ伣ǿЩ£ò˵֮иоǼѶԸ
ãʥǡҪȥ߶߶Ǻʥ͸һĨЦݣżλʥʵȥɣʥмձȥˡ
áʥ΢΢ͷ漴˳˼̨ߣʥ˲֪԰ʮһλΪǵĻ꣬ȻݣĶǴˣȻǹʥһȻܱȡ
ʱ䣬ָһӼ䣬ʥһƬޱȺ嫵Ŀռ䣬˷ιЩιս֮ãȻ˿ȴδ̤ϣֻǹ¿֮أӰǵǰһս̨֣ڿգ͸ſֲϢ
ս̨Թ֮ǹ֮ǿͶɣʥ۾ǿս̨棬Შ֮ˡ
ʱ޾Ӱվι֮£ڴ֮⣬֣̬ǰ
֮Уӹǿ߽٣ǹµĽ֮ϣɫ¡
ЩѧԺǿߣǾȻȵˣѧԺ꣬Ѫ֮Ҳó֮ͬѧԺܹͬսس£ѹѧԺȵ
ȺЩٵǿߣ۷׷ףܿ죬йǿ߽ι¿գĿǰ̾һͬʥһ׳Ȼ˿̰涼ͬĺ嫽˵ĸоǻʳ档
ʳ˵ˣʳʥŮʧδҵ֪٣µȤȻܹʥ潫ʥŮ°ߡ
ĮʳҲˣöǿߣƺʥԽ٣ɼ˴ЩʳǼΪӡ˿ЩٵĻʳǿߣкܶµĴڵˣȻǹ˼سµ
ǿػʳǱߣȻ˺ʥͬΪʾ磬ĪػʳŻӲɣ
Ŀ죬࣬ҲûŹػʳĻǻӣҲúػʳʥʲǴ츳µ˼£ػʳŸ㹻أܹ߹Ĵ
Ⱥ̽˵ػʳʥǬ֮ˣȻʥֻѾ׳һˣ˼ʥ֮⣬û֪ǹʥʥȻҲ˵ҪĲ
̸֮ʱԶգһƬѪɫâƮֻ˲䣬ƬѪޱߣ˷׷̧ͷֻоһɿֲ£ѹս̨֮ء
ˡȺһ𣬶׺˽٣ֻѪƿһӰ̤£Ϊ׾ˣϢԶֲ
ǿһԳܣͬʥڻʳһĵλ߸ϣޱȺΪ׾ˣ𺳣ЩʥʼϹǵͫ£е𺳸ӵǿߣǣЩϹﾹȻúúõģƺӵˡ
ЩһЩҲܿ£ֱˡĿ΢Щ𾪣Щ꣬Щľ
λѣþòˡֻһĹЩǿ߽һµĽݷλ˲佫Ƭռռݣ·һ
ǧ겻ȷʵþòˣλãҲοĺܡĮʳһλ˿˵ȻЩȴ΢΢һĨЦǰһ꣬Ҳ֪ʥϦˣˣҿ⽫һ߶߶
Ļ£ʱ˵ĿⶼЩһϢ·޷סеâĿ£·վǿϴ㡣
ʥʳڽ֮ϣַվȺ֮УĿ⳯ȥȻк½Ӱǣλǿš
λʣȻ˿̿ƬռǿߣɸоһĲһȺǿԵ÷ǳ΢׾ܹɱңֻǱвȶֻǲ֪˭ҪȻܹӣȻǸǳŵ
ʱ򣬺ƺоע㣬ɵɫ΢£Ŀ⳯ĳȥ漴ʥʳķλһĿϣһ˫峺мϤ֮УȻȴԣʶ
ôа˫۾ƺ˵㣬Ŀ¶һĨ飬ƽֵĺ¸оһ˿죬Ȼ˼ǹôǼһ
ǧ굯ָһӼ䣬Ҳ֪Ϧʥ궼ôˣسҪʶһʥţ֪λΡֻһ񷣬зλȺɫ̣Զͷ΢ԷԣҪսʥʳʥԼѧԺԷĺԣʥ˸޷ھܾܾǳ衣


2079 ޳
ʱǧʱ⣬س£ĵһ±Լʥǿսֱ̨ս顣
ûѡЩϼһ֣ʥʼսȻ쾪ʯƣӰ̫ǿң൱ֱӿսˣһսȷʲ
嫿ռ䣬ΨĻص֮УЩ¡
ȻλԣĬˡ˵һ漴ֻһӰŭХ徹ֱս̨֮ϣĿɨΧޱȣ϶͸һޱȿµѪ
ʳԼʥ塢ѧԺԸͽ̡Ŀ˵Ŀս̨е꣬ھţû֣š
Ѫʮˣλ۾λλʡλλʡһλλʣϾţλʵ֮Уĩ
ȻЩʥ˲ֻ֪˽ţλʾ磬Է˼ԣҪϣҲֻһ
ƬռƬ̣ڣֻĳһλǿǿʢϢݺᡣ
ѧԺǣ˵һ࣬ԣʵֲٶȻǹǼǿ󡣡һ۱ϳ˴ܳų֣ѧԺ֮˱Ȼɡ
ֻϢ죬µ˼㣬Ѫ֮УʹϿ֮سһڰֵľ޴Ʒ·ޱ߷צչ߷ɵĺڰϢ˸о𺳡
ˣӹǵս̨֮У̼䱻һս̨֮ڣͬһڰ磬һ֧֧µĺڰʸ۳ɿֲڹ⣬ŶԷɱȥںڵצ͸ź֮
ѧԺΪ꣬óǼ͹϶Ҫ£ǸˣǿǷţײ
˿ǵɫ磬Ȼͫȴ΢΢£ΪţȻĿ˫֣Ψ
ǵٶȼĿ죬쵽ͬڹ⣬ȻŵϿ֮ʱһ˫ѪɫȻ䴩͸ͫף޾ıŰɱԺŰһޱ𺳵Ļ棬Ǽʮ޲ɱ¾ѪɺƬѪΪϣɱŰֲ־˲о˱һּȱŰĿֲʹһ˻֮۾Ѫ
ڴʱȺŶˣֳֻǰһץȺֻһѪ⣬漴ŵǵһѪ֮УȺ۾ȫˣǿһôµĻ棬ǵԴֱץˡ
ſδһۣƳź󷽻ֲ̼ѪֱӽǵûˣȵѪʧ֮ʱǵѾʧ
ѧԺһǿ߻Ȼվ¶𺳵ɫЩѧԺǿߣҲһĿĶս̨еš
꣬ôܹǿֵز
˶ԣȫһĻ𺳵ˣǣȻ˵Ĳһ̫ţʵ̫ǿ̫ˡ
򡣡ȺԣЩǿҲԣаô˿µģţ˵ô
ػʳķʥһĨɫ漴ǹһĨЦ˼
ȷʵ˼Ϊʥ˵ݣһ壬һ統޵£ΨҶûе֣Ȼ˿֣򣬺ȤƺжˣΪûг֣û뵽һͿ۷ܹǿᵽ̶ֳȣ˿ԶʱһЩء
½ʮ֮ǣҪܹ֮ģѾеţֻȲܹ֮ǣһʱÿһ֮Ҳͼ˶ѣ鹫Ӻ޾ǣ޾½Ҳôźεϡٿ֪ȻһƺЩһء
ǿһʱƺѾӿֳ˺ܶµˣʥݱ뼧䣬ǵһʱɵ츳ֻǿַһսҲǸֳˣ財
û˸ȥ룬ŵʮˣ򻨷˶ôµĴͶɵģһʱǰҲֻǷּ𣬲ܴﵽյزΪѪǶٶɱˣȲǰǿ̫࣬õ
Ψû𾪵˱ˣֽǶȻģôѪǰ׷ѣգҪǰչһޱǿʢǿ֮ǿʢ
ȻЩǿߵİȺ֮Уȴ˸оһεѹ
ǿʢ˭֮棿
ʳʥ塢ѧԺȻͬʱ˳ĬֳĬ·ӳǿ
ֻŵʵ֣ҲսʤˣңǼǿĹ꣬¶ػʳʥƽ˵Ļʹߵͫ׶£ʵʥ˶ͬĸоȻȴ룬̫ˡ
ţеھţʮˣֻλʱˣǿţӦλһʥ˵˵һʹԵ̲סͷ˲
õǰеǼҲ޷սʤ𣿡Ǭʥ˴һ
õҵĴвżʱ䣬޷ſģʮ꣬Ƕп´Сʥ˻Ӧ˵ǬͷҲڲ룬ͬʥ˵ʮ˽ǿǵȷܵõ˿µĴС
ȥĬ֮УѧԺվǷţѧԺķ
ѧԺĳţվһĨǵɫҲ֪ʲôֶһĿǷţսҲʤǱɱǽǷ䣬ѧԺԣޱȾ޴ʧ
ȷܾսΪߣδ֮ţ¶ɫǱɱҲ֪ŵʵж£ϾǽֹǣǷ֮ˣս裬̸γ֮ûб˵츳ûб˵־Զ֮ԵΣգҲϧһս
ţĽŲ̤˳ȥԵмֱ׳֮⣬ѧԺĳĿͷŷâûţȷܾս
ַվԭأ΢ЩݣţȻҲŵķǱѰһս꣬վڵ߸λãţôˣߣ
ַ²˵ȷߣֻʱߵµԣһѪâļһûг֣ұ㵱ڽ裬
ɫһ΢Щ䣬֮ˣ֪˭ҪǷǸղſꡣ


2080 ޼ɵ
ţ̤ս̨̤ս̨ѪķţԻ֮ſֲŶԷɱȥǿһһڷţ֮䣬ֻһŵ޾ţɱ˹ȥ
һֻѪɫ˫ŷţ̼ţԺǸµĻ֣޾ıŰţԺУͬʱƳǰɱѪ˻ԳХ졭޾Ѫ⣬Щֲս·ŵϳ֣¡¡Ŀ¹ݻһУţĵҡҡ׹ֻȥ̤ŵ˻˴˾ӥǵأѪ˲Ϣţ
ɱŭһŹЮɱ¾ŷţɱ˹ȥͬʱһ˷ĵշѹţһ̷ţɫѿĶţȻɼ֣ŭһţأţǳǰ˳ȥ޼᲻ݣ̺µĹ
Ѫɫ¶һĨмɫ˾޴ޱȵţ֮ϣţǱѣͬʱµڷţϣǹɾ޴ţ屬ˣɫ԰ףѪ
ȻսֲδȺԤϣķţ޷һս
û֪һеģһǰǼ˸Ǳ̫ˡ
ռžƵŶԷţ񱩵Ĺͼţ˺ѵȻţΪ˷·ķ˰㣬һͷ˵ţɲ԰ܣŶЩɵռžԵƣɲȥͶԷ
ѧԺǿ߷׷վĿⶢսֻ̨һǿ߿ڵˣûҪսˡ
ţٶȷ˰Ӳһ֮屬ˣս̨ŴѪŲֱ׷ŷţɱ˹ȥ
˳ս̨ϰܣαظϾɱʱһֻ֮ѧԺһǿ̤˲Ϣٷţǰ뿪ŵѪɫӶȥӰ¶һĨɭɱ
Ȼ̤ս̨˺αػҪ͵һ̤ս̨֮УɫĮٶȱðޱȣܡ
̫ˣܹ⡣Ⱥа̾ǵĿǿߣֻЩôƽһУƶǵƿ֮С
˭ĿɨΧʳʥԼѧԺ֮͸ս֮⣬һɴ·ҪѪ⣬ղţѧԺǿ֣߳ţҪɱɼжô¡
Ĭճһļž֮޾ȻܹҲȼˣ˵Լȷţˣ治࣬¾ֻг޾Ǽһм۷壬ûܹ뵽ı
Цټʥս˶ûСʱֻһӰ̤ˣǰһˣ̤˳ĿɨΧ۾аȻûվұ֤һʥλһǿΡ
˵գѪ˸ֻ޴ѪɫſǵأȻ˳ȥֲѪɫȷ˸оһܣֻ˲併һʥȺǰֱֲӳһλλǿȥŭХһХ£ҽֻһץԴ
÷һʥǿվɫѿ˼£ǵɱˣȻǹʥһĿⶼֵܲ˭
ң˵ûƬ̵ֱͣӻһѪɫĻߣһʥ˹ȥȺֻһɫ磬ȸղŵٶȸ£ƺҲ֤ʵȺǿֲĲ²⣬ȻֹһţбŸˣˣͿܱŻǿһ˿⣬ǰ棬кüˣǿµʲô̶ȣȺֱ
Сġ˿ʼλһֵĶλʣҲܵǵɱˣȻλ˲䱻˻ɱԵԼˡ
һֲĿһǿߵԺ֮УȻ䶶ͬѪɫĵһٶȸһͷ­漴ٶ˸뿪ٶȿ쵽ܹϢ
ɨǿĬ˵Ŀ̬ȣȥɨʳԼʥλǺεȵӣεȵĿ
Сġ
ǲоˡ
˶ٵԼеǿߣ˵ٶ̫ˣתۼѾλǿֲλһܲסɼжô£𺳵ˣ޷ôЩ
ѪĲ춼ɫˣʮˣܲǿ
¡һĿ±֮Ⱥʱ֣˵һα˵ס˼ɱĲңֱ̤ԺһȺͷ΢Ŀˣǹͷ֮Ƕ˿ѹôˣ޾ΪǱΪһ
޾ܹͶԷ⣬ôζţ˼λǱΪһĿ´ڣȺ뵽ʲôͷٶһֻͣƬ̣޾¶аЦһˡ
˵գѪɫٶȳɱ˹ȥһ̣ȥ˺Ҫܿ˵Ĺ˹ػʳʱʥ֮ͫâͬɫ㡣
Į֮³ʥ̤ȥɫĿѪɫĺɫһ˵ԺзֱһĻĻµĳֻо궼ڱһĳ㣬ǳޱȱŰ궼һһϵǿڶꡣ
ɫһѪɫ֮һαϣֱӴ˹ȥĵǿ
ȺʥͶȥ𾪣ǺˣȻǿӰƺİĺܡ
ʱʥҲ𺳣Ŀ˸
ƺô¡ʥ˵򣬺úݣȻôµѪ̫ˣʥ˻ݡ
ƺû̫ܵӰ죬תۼ˼ˣʥʳλ֮ʱʥʵĿ⿴Եַ㡣
ַƿµķۣ׵ͬʱ˫ͫɫ˿ХַŲ̤Ŀӭϣ֮ͫѪĿɱ¾֮ƺܵ𶯣ͬʱַȭâ˶Էץצɡ
㡣ɫâֱץס£嶸Ȼ˳ȥĿַ㣬ͬʱ˵ҲַͣǰĿ⺮䡣
ַߣĿڵҡ
߼ַϣɵ΢΢죬Եĺ¡
¿ַ㣬¶ɵɫȻҪԼǣΪΡ
ַŲٶǰ̤һĿңңߣĮ˵սҲ룡
¶Ѫĺ⣬ٴǣ¶Ѫ֮ɫ㲻룿ڱŰɱ


2081 
ַߵĻĬˣеĺԽǿʢ£ϵϢıÿ͵¶һ̣˵ƶˣͬһԶŵħһ̺ޱȿµ
ôַɨߣĮȻͫףĺâûаĸ飬Ψ
ôߵƿźµգѪ͸żа֮⣬ʱַĽŲ̤˳ȥǳߣǳǰ̤˽Ų
¶һĨаЦַղѺײһΣҪַʵΡ
ɱ
ֲѪַԺ֮УʱַֻоԺ·һƬѪ磬ֲбѪ͵˳ȥַֻһԡѪȫԺ棬ĳɱ˹ȥµ˼㡣
˵ɱˣ£Ѫ̺ĵǻޱȵѪ֮ɱ˲бɱ¾ĵֻǵǳһپѪϴԼٻĹʥУֿµѾ۷壬ַ걻˿ֲɱʱ򶼸оһ󶯵вҪ
һֽɫĹڳַԺ֮УػͬʱɫҲ˺ˮ󣬺Ѫײ˹ȥͬʱں֮УһĹȻɱ겻
ͬʱ磬ֱնһѪɫצָѪӡֱַ·Ҫɱ
ַɫ䣬һӡֱӱ˳ȥֱ̼ץλʵצ˲䱼ַƹЮſµ쫷㣬ŶԷ˹ȥ̫ˣ쵽˿ַӰ
Ȼ˷˹˿ʵǿ֮ǰס˵ĹʥʳʱֹȵȺаղ˵ʵ˶УԵǿ̬ӹʳԼʥǰһһˣ˿ɵΨҶֻ޾ػʳһ꣬ǰ˵ס˵Ĺڣ˾˹ȥ
ߡֻһѪɫһ֮ɫХһ죬ַ·ҪӲ鿪ѵͬʱ⻹˵ӹ˳ַ˹ȥǰͻأѪɫУУƣܹݻٵһ塣
ʮ꣬Ὣһ֮ϰɡ˿һĻͷΪ𺳣Ȼȴַɫ£ͻأһεĲ·ɵĲӰΡ
ˣӹԽԽȻһַ̣ͻأɢһΪֻһɲǣ˼ʮӰŲͬλ˵Юȥ
ˡˡˡֲβǰɢ˳ȥһ̣ȺֻоƬռ·ûϢХķʧˡ
ɹÿֲǿϣûˣȻÿһȴεһĿ¡ȺһĻ᲻ףȻǰ޼᲻ݵѪɫк޾ɱײķ籩Ű
ͬһʱȺַһ˵ϣʹֻоϱʮɽ㣬ɸоǹĳ֮⣬·ٶȶ仺ЩȻͬʱ˵ӽˡ
ɱ
ŭХƳǰһ̣ѪɫצӰֱץַϣͬʱƱѪɫǽצȻȴŲۣпµϬף·ǿµĻ壬жôǿֱ޿
ַ㱻צӰץֲ·ֱҪݺݵĺϣо𵴣δ٣ǿµɼԷĹжôǿᡣ
Ȼʱѹǵƻ۳ɿħĺڰħ֮⣬ͬǧħ˻ͬʱֲĽٹͬ׵һǷĺڰħ⣬ȺܸоĲͬʱЩܱߵ⻯ӰͬʱͷſֲһĻɫһ⻯Ҳս
룬ǰַ㱾ɱҲͬ˳ȥޱȿֲײһ飬쫷˻ƬضѪħĻ壬ͬ⻯һϮ˱һʹøǿִͨٵֿֿסһ⻯ȻȴһݺݵĻУͬʱַıֲħֱӿס˵Դһ촫ȺҲ֮£ַ㾹һ˳ȥѪ磬ȴδ뿪ַƿأοס
ȻסôµȺɫݺݵĳ鴤£˸ղʵж˿УȻ˿̣Ȼ˳á

Ǻˣ
Ⱥ˲ͷʥʳʱôǿĴڡ
˭ʱһȺĿתȻ˵֮˾һʳˣɫԶ䣬ַ㡣
ͻʳҲվʥʶվ𣬶ַ㣬ĿĮһַ̣·۽˵Ŀ⡣
˭ַĮɨΧȺһۣǹһĨЦ漴Ŀߣĵ˰ɡ
䲻⣬˵սԶֹڴˣս˵Ҳ¶֮ɫûȫͱַ⻯С
ˡַ˵Ҫһ̣ǿڶˣվɫѿʮˣԶδһսΪź˵ȷˣˣȻȴѹƣá
ǵĿ׷ߣ׼ˣһŮˣܺ˵ȡ
¿ַ㣬Ŀ˸ÿֲʵȻΪҪԼ˭
¡¡ֻһɿֲѹʳǿ߾ۿѹַʵ˭
ַĿǣ¶һĨЦ˵ء
˵գַ㽫ֳĨ£̼䣬һ׸֣һſʵף͸һĨа֮ɫĿɨˡ
ǣַ㡣
ƽ³һ̣ٶ˾Եİ֮С
µжȻһĨʣǻǵĿһ̷·ûȻΨհĹâǳǳЦǣſݵףЦøĲá
ԭСһڳˣչ˽ˣ


2082 ս
еȻ𾪣û뵽ǿﾹȻַ㣬ǻҪҪҹСһ뵽ַȥսϵޣַ۸òȻַ㣬ˣˡ
СһЦźһǷŵӰֻоЩλã˵ʱûиȥַ㣬ֲ̫ˡ
½㡣ַ΢ЦźĿº͡ãżַŵа
ʱҲһϢַ㡣
ַ㣬һսδ񣬹
ѹս£Ȼַ㣬Ǳһжˡ
ַһսƴλֲɱˣ˵ʵκһ˶ǿܶ࣬ǣȻַ㣬һУΪ档
ȺַӰ֮٣ץַŮˣŮӦŶԡ
ʳػʳˣʥȫվǿʢϢĿ⽫ַסȻַ㣬û
գʳʥ干ͬɱַ㣬գ˴ɱַ㣬δɹַ޼ɵ֣˭Ҷ
ַ㡣һ˵֮ǹʳǿߣַ˵ַ㣬ҹʳʥŮǷǱã
˿̣ǺȻ뵽ַ㣬ǳʥŮַղŲҲαװôУղţַʹ⻯ټǿսԼͻʳʥŮĶԹһеìͷƺַָ㡣
ʥŮɣұ뿪ˣôʥŮûлعʳַ㵭ЦĻ£ʱƬնһձùȺĿⶼʳǱߣַ㣬˹ʥŮ⡭
ʳ˵ɫѾѿ˼¡
ʳλŮԼʥŮҪɱңȻ˭òҲִݻֻǷһѵʳҲʲôôַ㵭Ц͸ŵаЦݣĻùʳǿ߽Զͷű֮⣬Ȼȴԣʳѩ嶼ûַûѩĻ󣬻ַô
Ҳ˵ַ㱳ʮɣַԼƿصĹʥ֮㲻ܹģǿûѩʮɵԼΪ˱ַ֮ʮɺѩ巭οʳ
ǵַıȺʱ¶һĨȤɫƺַҲѹ棬ǿıټĿսѷɫţֻǣ֪ǸǰļλΣǼλ٣ʵӵĿǿɡ
ȻŮˣѵҪôʱ³һҲźµͷ
ֱַ꣡һĴ˵ϣһٶ½ֺұ
ң֮
ҵȻҡַӦɨصϮַ㣬ȻַֻƽĿ򣬵˵ţǿԡ
Щ˳Ĭˣ漴ֻһǿ߿ַ㣬ƽ˵ˡ
ԣµܺᲢۣǻ˾޴ĴǿߣеѪΪˣ壬мλֲǿߣΪ˶Ϊʮ˼£ʮٵǵ
ԣĿ˼£µſ
ûпߣŲַȥȻַɿ˵塣
Ѿˣ㻹ڵʲô
𼱡ַЦЦźµ½㣬ߡ
˵ţַź£γʥʳķƮȥʥ΢΢ͷſпŵˣȥɡ
˵գһ쫷˵ϣ̼˵峯ǰȥ
ˣԣߵҲٵԣµַֹ֮ȥȻַĿֱӿԵĺ£ʵ½㣬ûΰɣ
ûУСһɳĿ졣º۾ַ壬˫ַֹ㣬΢Ц
½㣬㻹һûءַЦµ˫˸Ž֮⣬㶼ǽҿųɳģѵǰһҪΰ
ַʼ磬΢ЦǾ½ˣʱȵýǰ鷳
¿һļˣ漴ſַ㣬ʱַ㳯ԼȥֻǽԶַ㣬Ũ
ô棿ַ㿴٣ĿսЩٵʵԶ£ҲܸǿҲ뿴Щ٣жֲս棬ѵõĻᡣ
ȻǴһ𡣡ֻһʴ޾ĽŲ߳ǹŵԴⷴͷд۵Ĺߣ˸оܶ£Ȼ۵ԵôΣַЦû뵽ַ㣬ùʥŮǰȥȻе
ĵҲСַ㿴޾˵һֱӶʥŮ콿ˣȻǵС֮ˣȻʵҲĵһ
ԣһ𡣡޾΢Ц˵漴Ųս̨ȥֱ̤ս̨ս̨վŵš
Ȼ棬㡣ĵ
ȻҪ棬һ𡣡޾˵һ˺ߵ廯Ѫɫâͬʱ̤ս̨һǿʼɨĿңַ㡣
Ե㡣ַ㵭˵Ųͬս̨֮ϣ̼䣬ʾͬս̨ɨء
˭Ҫ档޾ĿɨʳԼʥ֮ˣʵĿ⣬ҪػʳʥϣղţΨַ㻹дֱܹӺ˶Կ˵ʵӦҲǿ
ʥ˵۾а⣬漴ֻ建վͬ޹ǵǰƮܿ죬ս̨֮ϣǿߣÿһˣվʶ˵һͨ۷ǵһ񶼳ܲס޹ؾ磬Ψսս츳Լ־֣Ȼԭ򣬱ʥֶģֱʮ֡
ɱ񱩵ϯսֻ̨ͬʱ̤˵Ŀߵֱַǳ޾̤ȥţԸʥ϶йͬ㣬񱩵˼£϶·ѪҪڻǹɿµѪ֮С
һȺֲı̬ȺаʳԼʥ壬ѵֻҵܹԸЩôôʮ٣ǻʮˣͬ˭֮棿
ߵ廯һѪ⣬ֲٶȽٵַǰǹѪ⣬·ͬһƬѪ㣬ƬѪ֮У޾ĿݹǣЩݹǷ·ǻŵİ㣬ͬʱַ㷢Ĺ·һ˲ַܽʳ
ԵѪ˳˴ַϣַܹĸоԷʵһκԼ֮ʱǿַֻ̫࣬һ˺շ·նһѷ죬Ѫ˺ͬʱĽŲǰݺݵ̤һɱ֮ѪеĿݹ˺ɷ顣


2083 
ַߵĵڶײɽѪ֮޾¹ɱַ㣬Ȼַ˫ӡֻĻعͬʱ֮Ϸ·ֽĻһƬĻջһ壬Ȼ˺һУеѪȫ˺Ƭ߹ҲһѪƮˡ
ַ㣬˫Ѫɫ·Ҫַ㴩͸Ȼַ˼£ΪѪ֮󲻻κζ֣ɨһУˣܹҵַĵˣо˷ܣǵа֮н˷ֵܱ쾡¡
ͬʱ˺޾ʥˣڷֲײλٵĹΪƣǲбޱȣɱ¾֮Ϣ죬޾˵ĶԾȫԱƱ޾ӡЯָ֮ءҾƻݻһж֣Ψɱ
źʥ˵սֵºһЩȻֻŲоº֮ĴĿģʥ˵սʽ̫ˣҪ꣬Ҫֱٲ֮ء
ս۾ս̨֮ϣλ٣ԶǲһʵĿЯ֮ʥսʥţܵУȻվˣܹײ
ʱֻ֮ϣһξޱޱǣ·˱ŰµϢ
ױᡣΧЩǿ߿ⷽξޱ֣ʱ֮ͫһĿâֱΪͨ޸޷Ԧʹã˵Ҫϣܳɾʹ֮ҪԦױɼ嵱ŵѪ֮Ѫ
ĹŰֲַս죬ƴս˴󶥼ײǿаֻһ̤츳Ȼ˿̣ҪѪҵױ
˵գе߽ᳯ¿ն˹ȥƶ޾Ŀ񱩹ĳַ˹ȥǧ·ͬһʱ仯Ѫɱ˳ȥɱɱ壬Ҫ׵ն
һ̵ַ·޾֮УؼΨѪ⣬ǰһ
ַǰĴӡۣ֣޾֮Ȼͬʱֻϣһʥ̤һʥħȫ֮ûֻ֮һнһнҲģޱߣκΡ
ַıǳ̤ŴƯǰѹаͬʱѪڷ޸Σˣһٵصĸͷؼ޾ӿ޸֮У·ҪƿƬգѹһء
ױԵޱߣȻв㣬رЩԿ󸫣˭桢ԡ
ַ̤ͬʱ·Ǵڳǰ̤ؼһɱַ֮ͬϵϢѪ֮ϢıǱܹ֮ѹһС
ˡһɿֲϢȥ߸оһޱǿʢѹ·ҪԶѹھ޸֮¡
߾ᣬ̼䣬ؼϣһʱ䣬ذ˻ģѪ·Ҳڳʣͷŵ˸еһľ
͡գս̨֮ϣƬط·˶ŻĹ֮ΨǴͷǿȻͬʱŴΣÿһνԶʹһʱ֮еȫӿ˳ȥŴն˹ȥ·ƬأΨޱײ
µĹʹս̨ϵĹĻˣȺֻᶼѷ죬촫ѿɳǰȥѹߵ޷
ֻͣ³һѪʱ߸ʢһѪ⣬˲ԶŻûΪΣ¶ַ
ʥ֮ĹʥѹһУȻǿʢޱȣ߶ˣȻߵʵƿֲܶߣңƺҪһսȺߵַֻ۾͸ſµа⣬޾⻷ʹöַĿⶼ˼֣Щ٣ȷֲһһľأֲ۲ӵη
һߣ޾˵սԽԽ񱩣˺䵽һƬѪ⵱ȥˣȫ˶ԺУɱ񣬶ֻ˿ʥ˵ȼһ֮аޱȣоžŰʮһ滷ƶɣʹɫޱȡ
ߵٴζˣַ˹ȥâƿգַɱȥַĽŲҲصĳǰ̤ȥӿħ֮󱳸ʮ޽ַֻһָʱһɳǰն˹ȥ
ʥҲˣ·Ӱһģ壬Ÿλ̤˳ȥԴѪȻڴʱԱսַüͷ΢΢£ȻתֻһӰͫ׵Ȼ䱬һ⣬ֻʮһаֱӳü֮Уͬһ㡣
һʳ˵ԤϣȺԶɫӲػʳ˾ȻַˣһҲסˣţϵϢͻȻ俴һĻʱԣԷȻɱַ㡣
ǬʥʻȻվһɫַսػʳ˾Ȼ͵Ϯ
ս̨˭˵ȥһսģ֮սôսУֻҪԸ⡣Ǭƽ˵ʥ˸Ƶ˵ģʵҲ֪ʥ˻ͻȻĶһĻȴоһĲ֮⣬ʥ˵֣
ʥ˺ַ㶼һָʥ˱ǹţһЩô޷ƿأַ㣬洫Уƿعʥ֮
ʳĮʳȻҲ죬ֻ¶һĨȤ֮ɫʥܲܳɹ޹أֻ֪ʥ˺ܿ£ǾʲôֶΣҲ޷֪ϾһػĹʥ
ַֻоʮһаɵĻ澹Ȼֱ꣬Ǳ˹ȥɫӲѿܹоа̺Ĺ·һּܹĻ궼֮С
ӡϻȻƺҪȻǻϨ֮ȴ˲Ϣٶȼ·漴ֻʥ˵ַԺ֮𣬵棬ĵġ
˵գӡ𣬳ַֹȥʹַɫѿû뵽߻ôһµ棬Ǻʥһģ


2084 ս
ó깥ֶΣһʥֶΡַһֲֿĶ֣ó˱Ͳ࣬ǰľʦһˣ˿̣˵ڶˣʮһֲޱȣ۳ɼ֮㱻뵽Ǽȥ
Ȼ˺սʱأĿ겻ţҪĻ꣬ڶԷôĿַҲ޷֪ǽȼ֪ʲôµĺ۶ԷǺĿģַ㶼öԷóѣ·
ַֻȻϥʮ޽·ס壬һĻʹȺͫ£ַ㾹ȻΪ˵ֿ깥Ҫϥɼǹжôַ㲻òȫػ
ַȻͣĽŲǵѪ˸ɾ߿ַϥü֮һѪ뵽ַüĵУȻǵѪַüĵƬ̣ɫһ֮⣬Ŀʥһۣǿ깥Ҫһ龰Ȼһȴ˲Ĩˡ
Щ޼ΪóĹһȻ˱ܿ¡а̾һҲûг˻ַֹ޾˵ײֻͣ޾һٵַߣһۣ漴ĿʥֻʱʥҲϥڼԦ棬ǿµֶζԿҪΪǿǲȫƣҪַҲûô򵥡
һûַΪ壬һεĻٴˣֻҪϣַ㼴ӵйʥ֮ʥҲ֪ܶõˣûַ꣬ʲôȥʥ
Ϊʥóʥ˶ַƹʥ֪֮ø͸Ȼ㲻͸¶ˣԼ֪ˡ
ʱַ꾻ſµײһλҪȻʮһ潫֮ƺҪͻػϨּ֮ȼգ·ֻҪʣһ棬ʮһܹȼ㲻ϨַоһΣ
ַȻɽΣޱȣĻڰ֮ɫȻֱӳüģǰʮһ澹Ҳ֮Ʈַüģ̼䣬ֻս̨֮ϣַĽͬʱǣԽΪģΧշ·𶼰ǿµĺڰ֮⣬Ĳңſֲħ֮ҫַ걾Ǿħٴ
ǰʮһ棬͸Ŵޱȵİɫɫ֮𣬾һ֮ǧ꣬ԻΪ
ڴʱַĽ֮⣬һɫĺ嫹۶貶ĿĽɫڣ·̺·УǴ֮ơ
ڣ档
ǽַĻǣΪԻ־壬ڣַ㱻ȼˡаµİʮһ潫ַĻǶѹȳַ壬ֻʣǡ
ʱֻʥ˵ü֮һɫַȥһƬƣͬʱƬ֮ǰпµں֮⣬۳ɿֲޱȵĳìȻ䶼ַȥʥ˱ϥ¡
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˱ǶԸţȴͻȻԸַ㣬ѵΪһ壿
һ̣Ⱥͷ̶ַӹɣѾͨʥ̨ļ飬ңǾпкܶܣйʥ֮ϣȻ˵ʵҲǷǱѰΪҪַ֮ǣĿǰ壬Ͳġ
뵽Ⱥͷ΢΢£û뵽ǿƸһΪµ
޾嵲ַǰǹĺڰìɱ۾¶صɫĹֻü֮ͻȻһƻӡ˳µƻ֮ƣ¡¡Ĺ֮ìϵıȻǻɫֱַüĵУʹȺͫ׽Զһ
ַڣδǿжַ壬Ǵ˶ƿؾ̫ˡ
ȺĶַǿߣһ̾·ûʲô㣬ﶼվһԹս
ַ㡣µɫһս̨ʥаŵĺܣַΣˡ
ʱһֲͻȻ䱬ɫȻִַü֮жݳֵ֮ͳ
˫ꡣ
ɫ֮»صʥ˵Ժ֮У漴Ȼٴγֵһ֮ɫ¶һĨɫһʲôֶΣ޳˫ֻҪһ겻𣬱Ϊ
ֻʥһָʱ֮ٶȳַ˹ȥȻֻڴɣب֮ϣɿµĻһڣڲϵıĵȻʥͬɫ̣һ굹Ƿ
ֻʥ˫ӡʱ׻һս̨Ƭ񷶼˾ɫǻ棬ֻңңĿţ˸оĲڲϵ߽ڻ֮ȼջΪޡ
ڷĻ濪ʼֱַ֮ڰ֮Уǧħ֮˻𣬷Ĩ棬ɫĻͺɫħ⽻գ˶֪ս
ַпܻᱻɱӵ˫꣬һ걾Դ֮ĻǱɡȺĿ⿴ַ㱾ֻѪȻܲܣȻ˿ʥ˵ҲȫǺһƻĴ߶û뵽һȻҪľȥȼգΪԼļƷ
˽ֵʱȺϢţַ֮ϣͻȻ޾֮󱳸һŽʼںϣڱ仯ͻȻֵһĻȺ࣬ʹ˵ɫ䣬ַ㱾
ܶ޾ַ㣬漴ַдһӡǰ֣һӡһӡַϱǿ֮һУһ޽ֱɱͬһ㳯ʥɱȥ
ʥɫ԰ףΪѿۿҪɹˣַ㾹ȻзңƺһֱڵȴʱʼȵҲĵһֲĵزеڿǱߵ
ֻʥƻӶʱ޾ĳìͬʱž޽ɱͬʱһ֮⣬һٻǷַĻ棬ʮһֱüģص֮Уһ޴תɫӡƽ޽棬޽ʥ˵ͬʱˣ·
ֻʥ۾΢΢ţ·޷ƽַı֣ɫ԰ףûܹõղһǿѹ
ϲĹʥַ㶢ʥˣ³һ֮ʹͷ΢΢£ʥ


2085 
ַյʥ˶ݵĽֹż֮У̨֮ϣԳƹʥ׷ɱյַ㣬ǹʥܿҵ壬ǰļһĻػʳô㲻ˡ
֮ʥȻƿʥֶΣֶػʳûУҲɶ϶˺ܿǹʥ
ȺַĻʱĿⶢʥˣĿǹ˲
ڳȺ֮УǼʥû֪࣬ǲŻ𾪣ǸղʥҪַ㣬ǲ²ַĻпܴڵģҪ֪˵ǿҲûͬԼһɳô֮˳𼸺ȥ֮һЩŹֶεǰȻҲǸǳȻԼȥַ֮ԿԱûˣܱܿǶġ
Ҳ˵ʲôʥȻϣĮĶַ㣬û뵽Ȼܹͬ⣬ûг׵ĽԼȹЯʥ֮˭棬ַ
ڹżҪ֮ǬػʳУһĲģʥǰʥΪҵ壬ǲֶΡַ˵ʵ⵽˾޴вΪԵģǹʥĴڣþͬ޵еģȻǶԷܵƣ޷ϾǲǺһɳ壬ϣҪָҲҪʱ䡣
ˡʥ˶ַ㣬˵ʵȷʵҪĨɱ»ҪѪҺӵϣ»뵽ѪȥȻȼ棬ַܽɱӡǣռַ塣
˵գʥ˾ֱ̤ս̨ղźַײĺֲܿսΪʥ˵ҪɨʥµĿ겻Ǻ棬ʵΪ׼ЩˣҲǱͬĿġ
ַû׷ʥ˵˼ȻǹʥĿǰҪɱԷܣʥַоһɼȵΣУԷԺĽ»ǳ죬յʥļ䣬һƬء
ʱַ޾˵ͷ΢ЦΪҪң
Ұ𣿡޾ַ㣬νĵʹַЦ£Ҳ˵ʲôǸȤˣһǺս֮ˡ
ַֿߣĵɻǲС
˵ַ꣬Ҳս̨ȥʥһڷǳղǼ֮𣬿ǴǳĴˣ¡
ɡǿƽ˵һʱŽԶ̤ս̨˸عڵķλ
ǧʱ⣬ʥڣټʥʳʥԼѧԺ㵽ֵزҲʧǿƽǣַ˵ǿΪ⣬ϾʥҲ֮֮֮һмλҲ֮£ػʳˣǻпǹʥô
ǿߵĻȺԶԣǿƸػʥһս±ڷǵ򣬹
ˣʱ漴˿һλٰյУһ٣۾
ֻɨʥǿߣ漴ȻһʱյУ뱼ڶ޾Ź¸ΨҶ𣬵յ޴Ĺ֣Ȼ֡
漴һĿ⻷ˣ˵򽫿ɽΪĵĵ򣬶Ĵλǧ֮֮˲פ㣬Ӵǽʳ֮أʥ
˵գĽŲ̤ԭأʹͷ΢΢һٵ۾ʵս˿ٹʥѩѩܿ¡
صʥʳַ㿴еľ޴֣һƲ֣ʥһἤң½ƺơ
ʱַûз֣ڲ֪УѾվ½̨ȥ˼⣬Ųϵĳɳǲ֪ɳµУ̨С磬ΪŴɹ챤˴Ĵ֮֮Ŷٺ֮ǵʥԼʥƺ½
ںܶǰ޷֮£Ʃ˿ַԵĺ£Ͳô죬ַվĸ߶ȣʾｻ档
һ۷徳ｻ棬Լʾ棬֮ǰߣ̫˿ߣ޾½Ҳֻôһܹվһ߶ȣζδĸ߶ȣ޷ġ
ʱǿ߷׷վһ仰δֱ̤չǹǿʢԶȥܿʧȺ֮С
ǹպ½Ϊʥµ֮һû֮һȺаǿ˿У˼ǧʱ⣬ǿƸɽΪУλǧ
λذɡֻǬվ˵һ˶Ĭԣһսʳȴ治棬ֻ˳š
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ʱʳһҹʥŮڣ
ʥŮҲԺٻعʳʥŮˣҪȥַ֪㶪һùʳԵĻʳѵҪѡʥŮô
ʳҲַûκΰ취
Ⱥ뿪ս̨ߣϵս̨ɺب֮У֤ʷԵսһսֻʷӵһѡ
ȻʥȴһɲˣӴ˶ʳƺҪʳȫѹȥͬʱλǧɱ⡣
ߣ̤ʥʼԾһϵ֮ǣƺһҹ֮䣬ĴǵӰһЩʳＫΪİԵĿһУΨңûˣ֮ˣ֮Ȼа
еһգʥʳ֮⣬ַӭһͣЩ˺Ȼ̨ǿߣ֡աа̨󺦳ˣǽԶˣǣ֮ͬ˻̨ĺܶһЩ̨ǿߣֵ̨뽵ַȻӭΪˡ
ʥӡڻʳ֮УȺַ֮Զ΢΢Ŀ¶һƳ羴ɫʥַ㣬գʳʮٲһֻʥַܹ֮棬ǶԣַĵλȻ
ַÿζ΢΢ͷ̨һĻЦַ㣬Żʳĵλܸߡ
ҺʥʳϵǳǣôͻȻȫʥˣַʵ
һأ߶߶ˣ̨ĺֵܶѾλʣϣܹ½ߣܷܹ۾ƽ˵ַ΢΢ͷʶԼǿȻǺõģ


2086 ľϢ
ַһǰʥԽӴˣĿ⿴ַ㣬΢Цַ㣬Щ꿡֮ʿ𣿡
ǶǴսѧԺвͬһС߹õֵܡַʥʽһʥ΢Цŵ˵ͷֵܣǷٸʱ䣬߳һɧˡ
Ȼǣվ۷壬硣ַƽ˵һĨ޷ҡţǶԼţҲǶԺǵţ̨ͽţٵʥиֹžศֻҪ㹻ͣܲɾһ;ΨһǷȱǵѪܹٵõˡ
գʥ̨ϣֺͽäѾԹʥ̨ǰ㣬ʥԼʥѪʥǱʵʱ򷴶˲Сѹ෴ǵ־֮ȴûκ⣬ַ㣬ٲħԼħ󷨶ǳʺѪⶼûκ⣬˼ѵĳ̶ȣȻͨȴһʺ
ʥַĻ¶һĨЦݣаһ㹻Ȼȷʵʸʮ߳ʱ˭˲ǵ֮ǿᣬ֮ܽ˴͸Ȼַ˿壬ս߽֮ˣʥ͵Ϯδ֣ܵټʥ츳ʥʾֻҪַ㲻̤۷ǳ֮¡
ȶֵַܣλʥ΢Ц˵漴֮˵˵ͷ׼ϾȣҲ׷漴ֻʥʵַ㣬ʥƼʻᣬ򵱴֮ʱǿƻع飬֪Եɣ
滹飿ַ
ʱöڣҲʮٲǳʥΪ׼ʥƽ˵ʹַͫ΢΢¡
½Ϊſ飬ֱΪ̫ſ½һԶ޾໥½֮䣬ΪҪǰĴ½ַֻһͨɹս֮ʱֱǰ½Ҫͨռ۾֮µﻹܹɹ۾֮ˣֻеڶַˣһľƬ½֪½Ϣ
ʥƽ˵ô꣬Ҳֻȥ½һء
ſ½֮˵ͨǷв죿ַʥʵ
һ;;ͬ飬󾳽޲죬ȻֶȻв֮ͬŵֶ֮Ѵͨ죬ǿʢ˼£֮ضལޣ̫½ʿޣɫλӾ½е½۸裬ټǾ½ǿһ磬ͬĳԸǰ½Ӣ
ںεػɺټַʵ½λҲ˵ذ˻ģ½˴λƬ½һ½۾ģҲζţΨ½Ǻ˿½ͬʱ½ֻǽ½½ڡ
ÿһΣɸټ֣ص½һΣӦˣһǧˣٴֵϣҲ֪˵תֻתһ򡣡ʥʻ˵ַͷ΢ƺԵ
پ½𣿡ǶȻҲӡ󣬲ɵһ
ǱأܹĽʥ΢΢ͷˣҪôǿʢ屻ҪôֻھĴ̨֮ˡ
ˣ߳ˣλԶȻͬԪŶеĺؼң½ųȻλΪںؼңĵӣ˵Ϊ½ӽĴ½ˣ½֮ϣӵвӵܼԶǳȻҲΪˣ½Ƭ½ΪȻǿһƬ½
ԣʮ٣׼̤½ôַһʥʵͷӦǿҪϴ˴ξ½ľһǱߣ¶ҪǰǾԻ͵̨Ʃ޾Ҳǰʥϣ޾Ѫ뿪޾ɣҲھ˺ˡ
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬û뵽޾Ϸ콿Եɣ½ﶼǰɼ޾ǿʵҲܹȻĻ̨̫󣬾ǿһҪۼͬһƬ½ϡ
ʥʳŵ㣬ûʲǫܹ̤̂ˣַ㣬λᣬҪգѰӵ;ͬﻹܹõĽ͡ʥʶַ㿪ڵַʵ۷廹һЩ룬ȵַ۷ĲΣ˭ַսж£ַ㻹޷ھҫ۵Ĺԣһǰɳ
ַƬ̣û˵½Ȼǲܴλᡣ
ʱַĿ⿴ǣֶʦֵͷԣʲô°㡣
ʦ֡ʦֻаһμսҲˣĽ𣿡ַһĨɫӦŶԡ
ʦ֣Ƿʲô鷢ַһ
ɫ΢̧ͷַ㣬漴ֿʥһۣʥͷ΢漴ЦʱȻرˣʲôҪʥʳæģλֵַܣҡ
˵գʥʱ뿪ߣַȷʦǿԼˡ
ʦ֣ʲô£ַʵ
̧ͷַ㣬³ַ㣬дʦֵϢˡ
ʦַ֡ɫһƷâʵʦںδ
ұô㣬ȻȻ׼ȥ½ұֱˣڴСʱ򣬴ʦֺʦһϵģǼ˫򣬶ǰʱ䣬ʦ򣬳ѷ졣ͳʹַҲ֮³ɫȻЩ԰˫ֽĿס
û飿ַʵ
ûУ֮ѷ죬ȴûѣɼʦ·ǳãңʦ𣬵õ˴ʦֵһѶϢɫҲӲţݽҧʦֵܣ½ΪǣԶҪΪ֮£̨ӣҲԶҪȥἰ¡
ʦȥ½ַɫӲ½ãȻ½ȫİָȥѰˣʦֵѶϢмΪµĵˣҲ˵ԶҪ뱨ԶҪἰ£ǣĵˣΪδʦֵĻֻǿѣȴΪѣ䣿
Ҳ֪ʦιȥģʦҪǰѰȰסˣʦ𣬰ѧԺסʦԼܳˡ
ʦ֣ôҡַһЩŭҲһζԺֶŭҲҪǰ½ѵ㲻Լ
ַ㣬ʮԼѩ廹Լ뿪֮ʱҲУʦ㣬ֻǴֵ￴ǵ½ʲôٻΪǸ𣬱Ͼ츳ʦֵõġ
а̾һ˵ȻҲȥ½Ҳˣһɡ
ַͷķŭƽϢ΢ЩѪֵصĵͷ̨ӣͬڣ


2087 ĩ֮
̨˽ԶĬ漴Զصͷֵ̨ܣͬڡ
Ǽ㵽½ָѰҴʦַ֣ٶȿʵΪе⣬ľԶ½ҪѰ̸ס
ѾѧԺæˣΪ׼һ۱壬ʦ𽫴ʦֵһƻУܹ֮סȻҲܹĲжʦڵķλֻҪǵ½ܹжϷλҵʦ֮أȻǰǡ
˵űĬǰľδѣľѾѷ죬ɼ֮Σ̶ȡ
²˳٣׼ɡַ㿪˵Ȼľһֱַ𾴵ĳ֮һܵ
ãͼǶѾ׼ã½֮ؽĳǳΪĩ֮ǣʮ֮Եһ֮ǣǴеĿıǰĩ֮ǣͨռǰ½
ĩ֮½ʮ֮֮еλΪģĵλþΪ½żзǳͨռһ֮ǣҲʮ֮Ϊҵһɱ˶ᱦżʣˣűΪĩ֮ǡ
ȥӡַźǿڵʹúֵɫ£ӣ
ַ㣬㡭
ַЦ£ǻ֪ɣҵĺҲʥʳʥ
顭
ǡַϵ
˵գַ˸˾סԺ֮УںʥˣһȺʥ۾˺棬Щˡ
ʦ֣λֵܣӣġַָ˵ֵ¶Ծɫ̨˵ѩʳΧַһսһŮΪַ㲻ϧģû뵽ַ㾹ȻҲ˺ӡ
ʥ岮ַʥ֣ʱʥ˹ǣַĴ֣Ⱥ岮
üһֱ侳ʵһѽʥ΢Цŵַ㣬Сһɱǵƶˡ
ȵЩȥԳԿͷַЦŵǵ֮;һ·̫ˡ
ַ㣬ҪҪȥҲ䣬ֻ侳Щϧˡ̨Сһ˫۷Ź⣬ʹַ㷭˷ۣҩ岿Ժ󱲵ǽȻͬģʱʼǱֱɳǱŲϵͷų
ģҽʦֵǰ½һˣʥʳɡַԵĿڵ
Һһɣʥʳչ˺ʥġĵַ
ҲУСַ˫ĵգĹɵĵ˵ͷ
ᡣ̨ڵʱȺЦַعͷֱӸ̨Դһ£ݺݵĵһһۡ
ַ׼һЩ飬ͬʱʥʳǱкһʥʳҲַֹ뿪ֻҪʥʥʳˡ
һգֱַ̨̣֮뿪ʥߣĩ֮ǹȥ
Ҳͬһ죬ʳʮǿ̤Զȥ¿գʳǿĿЩˣĿ͸һĨϣ֮ɫǣȥѰϣʳʥλȹ̣֮˸ҶڣǷѾֲʮ٣ȥ׷Ѱǵ;ˣʳڴǵ𣬰Ц¡
һգ޾ʥУ֮ϣ޾ḧϵĽЦŮˣҹ
콿·ɱ˵ĿĶ޾ҧ촽·ҪѪ޾޾ĸоôĸӣ˶ȻĽԼ°޾ʥԼΪк
ˣٿ᲻ˡ޾Ц˵콿Ķͷ£Ҵҫ飬ʽΪٰ񡣡
һΪѪ콿ĵ
շޣαˣ㻹ǲҪΪԼˣҡ
޾콿£漴̤뿪ȥֱ֮ڿնȥʹ콿ɫ԰ףһ쵰
Ҳ⼸죬ػʳʥͬһȺǿ߳һȺ˴ǿˣʥˣкüʳǲٵ۾ǿ߰档
ǵĿ꣬Ϊĩ֮ǡ
λԵ֮صĩ֮Ǻ½һʱӭ˰ֵʱ䣬ǿ߻۶һʱޱȹϵ֮ǳΪ֮أͨ½չŷҪĴ۲ЩƿǿۣǿΪһŴƱ㾡һУ˿ʼ˽ӡɱ¾ȴȡ˵ı
һЩܶ౧Զ־֮˲Զǧﱼȴʱ뻹ԶԶϵȫҵȴһͨ½ĴƱ޷׵õⲻǸоǷ뱯Ҫǰ½ɲôס
֮⣬ЩͻȵĹбøӵĻΪλ½Ľ֮أĩ֮ǵĽҵǷʢ֮ڼʱַ̣ʢһ㣬ܶķ֣һЩδƱѱ˶£Ȼõȥֲļ۸
ƿĹŷҵһߴʥˣĩ֮ǣ˸ҶΨˣǲܳʢ˥ƿôµԴѾ֪˶ٴΡ
ʱڴƱ״֮⣬ַǴͷ㿩£ܹͨչŷʵĹŷգΪϡ٣ÿһҹŷ½ÿһֻǰˣԶԶģ˺ܶ˶ǰͿʼȻһʱ䣬Ѿһ߷ڣһƱ
ˣºĴƱѾˣһʱֹͣף޷ǰ½̨³һޱƵڲôġ
ҪõһŴƱ¾͵øʮĴۣࡣͳܹ侲£־£дƱҲֹͣףȻ档
Ļѵĵ£̨
ҲܵõһŴƱֻǸɵȶѡַͳֶֻͨȥŪƱˡ
ҪȵΣȥ߰ɡַͬĻһ˴һ֪ĩĩ֮УֱԳΪңĩУÿ춼ŴƱֻš
ַ˰ݣÿţǰĩ֮ǵÿ춼ǧӣҪ½ȻȴֻŴƱṩҲζԽ󣬵õѶԽ󣬱һһǧ˽٣ȴֻ˵õƱʣµˣҪۻȥˡ
ò˵ֶ̫ˣĩ⣬ṩĴƱ٣мһŵģɼǵõһŴƱҲôף


2088 
ĩһޱȺΰ¶Уûʲô֮λ˶ͬһƽֻ̨м֮һ̨
ַߵʱ򣬿һĻ£Ще湻ģһʲôڱ˵Ұ֮ˣ̫ˣĵʲôҪ˵죿
㣬ַǸоЩ⡣
ʱѾˣƺڵȴĿʼַǽȺ֮Уҵһ߲λȻÿ춼ŴƱϣܹõʱһţϾǶԣʱ̫ˡ
ʦ֣Уʦֵһƻ껹ðɣַźʵ
û⣬ʦӦûϣȥֵ˵ͷʱ̽еһꡣ
ʱʱǿűãҪ¶Ǽʶַǰ˵漴ڲվǰ·Ľ˹ȥһֱҪߵ¶Ҳǰλá
Ƭַ֮˾̨ļλãǰмӰվǣֻһλŮŵģʱվŵļ˶ַ֣»طɡ
л˽˵طôַЦ£ҲûмּǰǾڵŵλ£̨Ѿܽˡ
Ů˳Ŷе۾ﱣҲǹ֮ˡַ㿴ǰһӰҲû̫⣬ԷҲδͷһۣ·˶ѡ
ǺĬûкַϵϾַõ˴Ʊһ˲ôױѰ˶ĻĿȻҲʹˡ
ĩе˽ĶȻ֮أȴİû̫ӵ˵Ҳֻǵš
̨˳ˣüӰͬʱ٣̧źӻӣûȷڴָУֱӵȺ̨һİڷź˶ףǽҪ֮ˡ
һλ۾ǿߡ
ϹأһƷߵãûе׼ֻۡ꽫һ̴ľоУˬʵԵʮ㣬˲嫵κ˶ܹ
ֱַɫ£¶һĨɫĩпʵĺܡ
ַ֮ĵ￴һۣڵĩеĹأͷƷֱģˡ
Ʒܴأַʵ
ĵ˾˻Ӧʹַԣ漴ֻԷȻĩʱʱĻŪһرУܱܿǳĵã˺ڣĩжֻ׬⡣
ȻһÿһôˣܻһЩҪȥġַЦ·ǳܹ⣬ץסı˵ֶС޷ѧֻдУΪ˶࣬е̣ܻóһЩöֻγһõѭ
ô˵ǰĩԼģ
ˣĩƷԼģʲôҪĩаУĩȻҪ󲢽ԼĹƣܹõĶȻʹñĹȨȻԼȻֻҪıﲻĩоͲԿĩԼ׬ģͺ޹ˣ㼴㿴ĳ˸µļ۸Ҳֻܵۡ
Щ˼ַ΢Ц£ʱѾвڽмˣΪ޷֪ʲôԵʣ˿۲̫ݣںͨĹž̽ţһЩ
۾ݺڤ޿ڤֱ֮ʹѪɺԣʺʱַƽĿ˵һ̣˵Ŀ⳯ͶһﾹȻֱӺ˵۾Ϊĵ۾ȡһδ֪֮ǶܿܶһĲֵ
̨ϵ곯ַ¶һĨ΢ЦԸ⸶𣿡
û˵һĵ۾ֵѾܸˡ
Ǻãϲµõ˵һȵһĳסƽĵ˵ͷȡ˵ڶľУУûκεʱ򣬱ֳĬԣõѡظС
Ȫ۾޻Ȫ֮ۻȪָɱ˶ȪһʹͫƬոİַ㡣
Ȼ˿̣Ⱥȴַɫޱƽ·ͳĲǵ۾㣬ڤ֮ʱɹսɱǿߣڤĵ۾õ˲٣Ҷó֮ʺģƺҲֻǸأΪβף
û˺ַţַٶȿڣһڤĵ۾ʹΪƽϢȥ˶ַ㣬һǹž̫ôһӳž飬Զǵ۾׵õδ֪֮
ַԣֻǸп޵ĵ۾׵õһ˿ϣԼϲ֮أ
»ɽסַͷַֻڿգȻʱǰļ˻Ȼתַǳ߹ȥ
ַǰУôҪŮӵͷϿ̤ȥ
ַ㿴ǼһۣһĨ֮ɫղҪǰֲУչȥԷҪֹ˭
Ųַ̤ХʹǼɫһɫѿĿ⿴ŵŮӣС㡣
ŮӺᣬ͸һǧСӺݻ֮ʣֻ˻֣Ŀַ⳯ȥǸղַ±δַһۡ
ַ꽻漴ηأĿŮǰʱͣŮһۣڵҪ߹ȥҪ̤ȥ
ɡŮָָԵλЦ
ʹַ£漴˵ͷղǲңҲѾλˡ
˵գַ㵹ҲûпֱŮʹǼ϶ͷ⣬ַ֡
̨ϵ곯һۣһĨɫ˲ָֻƽЦŵˣҪ֮һŵ۷ȻѾڣȻȴֲ̺ϣʦõܹɵĿ棬ʹ֮ΪĹŵһܹظʹãλԿˡ
ַͷ΢ǰĩ֮ǵ·;֮л˲ٵԱʱ֮裬û뵽˹ŵ۷ȻˣڱصˣµԼȻвСá
۾çʨçʨ֮ǣǿ֮ùޱǿᣬͬʨۣһŭܽĵѡʱַֻԵŮƽĿڵֱӳ۵۾һ


2089 
Ůӵıۣ˶ûȥᣬһŹŵ۷ѣΨʦϲŻãһ۾ֵѾ㹻ˡ
Ȼŵ۷ھͨǿ߶ȴвСã̺ϣܹ󷨴ҴһЩǸǿУ൱ڶһ䲻ı
۾ɽӡóϵ֮ʺܹ۲ɽӣ㶼ǿʢ¡ʱ̨һλƽıۣȺĿ⳯ȥһλ۾һϯͨĻɫۣм󷨴ҵķ緶
ټһƷ۱ŮӲδͷƽ˵ң嶼ʵ˴θĳǰʶһйŵ۷ȻҪõк֮ǷԼ
ŮӵĻüͷ΢΢£漴۵ҲټӶƷ۱һ
۱ͻһҲ־żƷʦ﷽ƳƻѶȲ֪˶٣ֻһЩǳϵʥ壬ܹʸ塣
ټһ۱ŮƽʹǴ۾ɫһ۱мãļ۱Ǿ͵۵ķˣܹв۾Ŀòģ۱ҲһǳҪ
һЩǧСǲһԴḻ˴ȺаȻǻ߰̾һҲм壬ȻѸߣЩһشǱҪõʲôԴҪԼ
ƺûȥŮŵ۷ļۣѾŵ۷ֵˡ
۾ɽӻã֮ɳǧûͬʵһ㣬Ի֣ʥʳĵ۾⣬ټӵ۾ߴεӣͬǹʳĵ۾ֻȹʥ̫һ˿
ʱַ㵭ʹ˵ǽӲ£Ǽһֿˣҳ۸ݡ
һѵǵ۾ⲻɣʳĵ۾УѵǴӹʳ߳ˣԣʳƺֻŮˡа
ԱߵŮַһۣĽë£漴¶һĨЦ⣬ŵ۷ͨ˶ԾǷֽһţûκãˣ
ȻŮΪַǿ⺰۵ģϾַ㻹ᣬȻг˰óΪַԣŵá
ַĿ⿴Է֪ŮΪԼôʵôģȻַҲȥʲôֻǳЦ£û˵
ŮӿַƬ̣漴Ц£ȻϲôøɣпͷԵġ
Ů˳֮󣬱˺ַŵ۷ַУȴ˹ʳž飬Ǳʳ֪֪᲻ᱻɷ
˼۱ҩžֻ֮ҪΪмֵ֮óЩǽ׵ģתȥͱַո˺ü۾ֿԽ۾ȥΪĩ󣬾õļ۸ǻҪˡ
Ū˲ٴƱեȡļֵ⣬֮ͬΪͷԴԴϵǰĩС
һֵַûٲ룬ֱһŴƱһŴƱһºһŴƱֱַӷˣȲһµʱ䣬˾Ŀ¼۸ַоľһƱ̫ǿҪξǰ½ȥ
գһŴƱĳһĵ۾һƷ۱Ŀֲ߼ۣƽһŴƱҲֻһһƷ۱Ѱĵ۾ܹ׵õ֮⻹һºĴƱ
ڶĴƱʮһŴƱַͷ΢£Ҳ֪ʲôֶܹõĴƱֻܾõһţָһõ˵ĴƱʵûֶܹõֻˡ
ڵǣҪŪһţΪеġ
˺ܶ࣬඼ǵ۾ǿΪһŴƱɼõһŴƱǶѡ
ܿ죬ڶŴƱļ۸׷˵һţ˳Ʒ۱һλ۾ǿƿһ۱ܹͨ۾ǿ߹вˡ
ʳʥ̫ҪŴƱ
ʱַȻ䴫ʹƬӵĿռȻðԹʥ״Ʊңʥʳ̫һҲݵģǱʳ֪ˣҪ׷ɱɣȻַͲںʳһֱɱٽ𣬶ν
Ŀ˸ַߣĵⲻϹأŴƱ
һŴƱģַʵ
㵽Ҫһţûлش𣬼ʵ
вϸ֪ĻұȡղŵıۣٲŹʳĹʥӦܺ˽׵õһŴƱġַƽ˵һʹɫһýƻļһ
Ǻãڸ㣬һŴƱǱµʮ죬Ҳġ
ʥ̫һŴƱ֪ϲϣַƽڣʵŲͬڵĴƱ㶼õ֣Ҳû̫塣
ûг۵ġĿΧȻ޹ʥ˱ΨһЩߴ꣬˲Ӵʥóžû⣬óԼĹʥף̫ʵὫǵͽˡ
ңַĵһŴƱǻһô϶˭ùʥ׵ġ
ã״ɡ꿴ַ㣬¶һĨ΢ЦһŴƱ׵õһʥ⽻ֵ̫ˡ
ϣҪʲôźáַƽĵˣùʳĹʥףݲò˴ˡ
ϣܹԵⲿʥַҲЦ£ʳԺõߵϢ»ĩѹֻǲ֪ĩеıж
⵹㵣ġӦһûж˵ʲôڶŴƱ
ַԵŮϸַһۣڵĩУɲ˽б㵨ӣܴ󡣡
һʾ˼ʥҲôģַ㻹õһĴƱ֪ж˫۾ַ׶ԷĻʱѾܵ˺ܶ˵۾ƺѾԼȻֽ֪ŴƱǱҪõġ
ڶŴƱҲ˳ȥƷ۱Ŀ¼۸ɽףַоƿشƱǷĩбкλᣬܹȡĺô޿ɹģ
Ʊ꣬Ȼ̨ϻһɫĺӣڰ·𱻿ֲסˣֻ꿴Ⱥ΢Цһһ߲


2090 ˭
ȺĻɫ£̤֮ʾܾ겻࣬ǵ۾ֻҪûƻ궼ԼƺֻǺѰȻĩȴ֮˽ѹ֮ȻǷ
ȺĿⶢǳεĺڰӣֻ꽫֮Сķ˵ϣ漴ںںϴ˼ӡںӻĿֻǳεĺںһ֮ûаָ𺳵ֻеĹ֮⣬µĳ
ʲô壿˿ʵַҲ¶ɫʥֻ֮һֻ޽ţĳǾ޴ģȻ壬ͷ·ͨ˵ʬһûκεĲͬѰ
ùŹֵ塣ַԵŮһ¶˾ȵɫ૵ûκεϢͨ˵ʬһ㣬Ȼȴ࣬⵽ʲô壿
˶뵽㣬漴ֻ꿪ڵ߲ݼ⣬ӦʮˣܹôãӦÿõյľжǿȻȴûκεϢͨһ
˵Ⱥĺĵ˼㣬ʮϵĲ
Ȼǿܲ˵ĻǼʶ¡΢Ц˵漴гһ⵶Ǳſµɭ֮⣬˿һ۱·ܹоĺֻƻӹȺţ˸оһв
ÿµĵƷϵĵ۱
ʱֻмȻһʱ˸һֲĵâֱӴǲʹȺɫһ͵촫£Ⱥ۾ȻˣڵķΪǾûκϢ壬Ȼ𣬵۱Ƥⶼ޷ơ
һλҲˣ޷ƣеƲ⣬ܿһ߹ʥ국˵һȺȻҲ˳Ĭ̬ȣʥԷ
ҲǻҵĻҿԺ̹ȻĸλΪûκϢĴڣֲḯ࣬ǿÿ£ƲʥȴûκãΪǸûκΰ취ҪˣԲóȻһ˵λû⣬ԸʽסƽĵĩУطȫͬó֮Ҳջء
ж޷õˣҲһ˿˵׼в
β˵˵еĵʲôֱӴӵġҲ˽ȻȴЦҡҡͷλıģı⡣
˵˵ߣʧȥ
ַҡҡͷһδ֪壬û̫Ȼʱɫ΢΢£ƺڸһҪõ塣
һĪֱ·һڤڤе֧ʶ㣬ʹַǾ˼Ȥ
һƷ۱һ۾ΪΣַ̽Եʵ
Ц£ûȻַ˵ģ
ԸƷ۱һ塣һǿߵĿڵ
Ʒ۱һʱַԵŮƽ˵ƺҲǳȤʹò¶֮ɫܹóƷ۱ɼݲһ㡣
ʱŮҲ΢΢ҧһƷ۱ѾǼĴˣԼҲֻôһ۱޷ƣܹõȻиãԹؼ嵱о
Ȼ㲻һҪȥô˽ԸҳĽɡַ㵭˵һ漴̼䣬Էɫ΢£ͫһâһĻʹ˶¶˾ȵɫַĴʲôѵһȹʥı
ɽ꿪˵һҲֱͬˡ
ַ΢Цվ漴˸ǰȥ˽̨ϣƺͶԷʲôĹ֮ͨǾ߲壬Ҳַ
һʲôˣƺкܶöš
ǺַһŮҲĿ˸Ҳ֣۷嶼ûе꣬൱ϵĹž龹ƿô࣬ʵ֣Щϲռž飬ҲΪ棬һЩѧԺ߳ǿߣҪѧԺĹž鴫Ҳûа취֮¡
ַ㣬ĳѧԺţǣƺЩˣյУ˿²֪ö˫۾ʼעѵΪԼܹõ֮ߣ
ַɽ׳֮ʱŮվַ˵ĩе룬ĩбߵİοκΣǹŵ۷ңҲһᾡ㣬Ļܻǰ½
ˡַ㵭Ц£ȻŮüαأǹŵ۷ûκεãңһ󷨴ʦܹǿЧ
С㣬ҪĻʱŮԣһĿⶢַ㣬һⲻԶ
ΪҵĴƱҲڲŻ˳㣬ϣܹúŮֹ˵ַ
лĺˡַŮ΢΢ͷ漴Ⱥ֮ȥ˵Ϣַסʹַüͷ΢΢£ٶȲļӿ
Ůַܾüͷøˣַı
С㡭
Ů£漴ҡҡͷȻϽܱˣ̫ˡ
ַȺ֮УͻȻһ쫷棬ʹòߣ̤ĽŲǹ쫷硣
̼䣬쫷ɨֱӳܼȺгȥ˱ֱɨҲ˱棬һ̳ޱȵĻҡ
ֻһǿŭһһƳ쫷ĴԵ쫷綼ѹȻʱǹ쫷ֱӳԶȥֱ̤׷棬Ȼûйãǹ쫷ʧֱ󳹵׵ûˣַֻӰ֣عͷ׷Ⱥһۡ
ΪԼߵֻһ˵ղҲǹŵ۷
ɣ֪
֪һѧԺ޴ļһ
Ѿ뿪ĩ򣬱㶼¶ûκεļɵֱ׼Ӷᣬ޼ɵ
ܾûмôЦˡһ˫ֻЦַ㣬е۾ػҡ
ַҲˣǾôվԭأȵ˵꣬¶һĨЦݡ
һȺַ³һʹȺɫ΢˱䣬һƺʲôֱһƴ˳ȥȻֱӺַϣַ㶼ûȥһ£¡һ죬Ǿֱӻˣʣһ̣Ⱥ뵽ղַǷ̵Цݣɵɫޱȵѿ
˭Ǵ
ⲻһ߷ѣղ쫷磬ѾñˣǣΪǵƬ򣬸ûпַ㱾


2091 һʥ
ˣŮͬĸ߲ɵҲ£漴ǹһĨЦ⣺ѹôΪԭֶΡ
ַ쫷ɨȺʱıѾ׺ڽȺ籩еʱ漴˦ıҲ˦˳ȥ籩ǰУȴǴķǰУʱַ㣬ͺվһ飬ܰĿ߷һС
߰ɡַŲ뿪ߡ
ʦ֣٣ҪռôബƱȻҲܹҪռͬһģѶȻܴ󣬶Ҫʱ䡣ַĿ⿴źֿ˵ϾĴƱֲ֪ЩУյıϾֻٲ֣һȺʮˣҪʮŴƱ
ʲô뷨ֶַʵ
ܹҶߣֻҪίң޷ʶˡַ͵
ʶץʱѰҴʦȣֵһᣬǴ½ʱɿپһΡֻӦ˵ַ˵ͷξЩǰ½Ͷɣ⼸ǶһЩǳκ飬ȵ½ʱлᣬٺú߶һ¡
Ȼܹ⣬ȻַܹȥȻõģǰ̨״ӣΪȵģľǶԣʦѣʦҲʦֵĽɫÿһˣľֻоء
ַ˵⼸ȥκε飬ֻǰһطȡŵ۷ַ㽫ֻ̯֮йâתַ棬ƺܹоһɻȻɵˣֹŵ۷ʲ
ҵʵȻͬѾǿȻ֮Щĵ۾ǿ߻вСĲ࣬մɣҲΣҪʥַ֮૵һ漴̼䣬ȫĻۣͬʱľ֣ʱƬػһɷ籩ڵķҲӿ˳ָۣµĿռ䷨·һͷűܽ񷶼
ǿʢķͨĿ̷ֽ޷ܵס
ֱַָֻӵ˹ŵ۷֮ϣָķַܾûôĿˣһ̣·ȫ״̬һһȻɣ΢Сƣڽ֯һͼ
ƹãɣַ㽫¶һĨЦ⣬漴һȡֱԹž齻׵δ֪֮ֱӽȫ
ͨ۱һˡַ㵭Ц£Եòû̫⣬ЩžпޣĩҲνյĴƱõ˱С
һУַʼ뵽統УǾ߹ϵƽǣӣûκεϢ¶ַŲ˹ʥɽ漴ʼɽԺжȥƬַ̣ǹǰɽѾѣȻûҩָܻ
ǰ壬ܰҿ𣿡ַŹʥ˵
ʥɽʹַͷ΢΢£ʥ֮׬ˣֻǣһʥΪλûκϢҲܱĩеǿã
ʶںϣҿǷʶд档ɽʥ˵ַᣬʼɽʥʶںһ漴ֻɽʥ̤Ǿ߰ǵǰâ
һâֱ֮УȻַȴԺ֮пյһƬȻԷʶѾûвд棬ƺ׵͸ˡ
ַɽںʶʼǾ֮ɨȻȴַ·һε赲ס˰㣬Ȼ޷Է嵱ȥ
ɽƶһֲʶ͸谭ֱӴ뵽棬ַʶУһƬ޾Ľɫ磬Ȼȴ·İ㡣
һɿµȻǺûж֮ɽ޴ܵһɿֲײɫǿṥֱӺݺݵɽ֮ϣ¡һ죬ʥ֮˼ǧף漴ݺݵ׹ڵأںʶ˻أַޱȵľһ߲֪ûж徹Ȼҡ˹ʥ̫֮ˡ
ǣɽʶһƺҲΪ𺳡
ǰڣǡַ𺳵ĵ
ǽɫģȻȴûκεķϢУ·Լնɫգͬ㣬ǹʥȻʲôȿµĺ
ΪַɽʶֱںϣֱܹӹͨҪͨ
ǹǵ
ӲΨң·ֻڣһнϡɽΪԶŵʥˣҲδôŹֵ塣
ǹ谭ܿ£ܹĨҵʶȻΪҵʶܹͻǲ谭ڣɽƺ
ǰ
ʱַ㿪ˡ
ţ
ҵ꣬ƺܹ档ַ˵˾䣬ʹɽȻĬĻȻǳʡ
Ҵһ׹ŷȥƿǾ塣ɽĬ֮˵漴һ׹ŷֱӴݸַ㣬ţɽʶַֿ
ַص֮У漴׹ŷһʱ䣬ĿȻſǾȥ漴˳嵱Уַ㽫뵽嵱Уÿһλ֫ٺ嵱еȷһƬĽɫ磬ûκϵҲûκοµϢֻһڤڤе⣬ַ֣֮ʱڤڤеֱע˵ġ
ãǾͻȻˣ۾ڶ漴Ȼſ
ĿСַͷȻʼƿλֹһЩʱֱ̣Ҳˣ֮˫ȡ
·˺ܾãǾ壬Ȼվ
ǰַ͸żɫˣȻĿԼԦô
𼤶ֻǸոնѣϾܹƿأΪʥֲƿأʥ˵㲻ܶõˣϾѾû˲дܶҲֻѣܶĶҪƿصϤĳ̶ȡ
ɽͷֱӴַ㣬ַ΢΢ͷףһ֮û˵ֿȻƿأ֮ҲˣΪʥǱͷǳǿ˶ҶԻо޴ֵģһǰҵĹŷϴġ
ַ˵ţǾĽŲ΢΢ŲһСʼȥ߶߲塣
ַȾ磬ܹ壬ƿһûѶȲѶȵǣһûʥƿصĺãֻǾǣǱܹ˵ģ


2092 
ʱܿ㵽ˣоţַ㻹δܹϤƿǾ壬½֮ء
һƬɫڣУпֲĽɫ籩Űţյǿһ̶ȣܹ׾ٵĽһǿ˺ѵȻʱǼµģִ½ǳֲ
ȻʱͣһҾ޴ĹŽ·һҿֲս㣬£һɿµţ·ɴɡ
վ޷ҪᴩɽͣǿµǿԿķͶϣƺſֲ·ƺеϡַ㶢Ǿ޷ͷ΢ŷͿ»˾޴Ĵۣ޷Ȼ˵Ŀռȴ࣬ԳƵխڹŷеڲڣŷֶΣΪ˱գ֮ܺ
˵ʥǿߣֱܹƾ֮ڴ½֮䣬򣬼ǿµĵ۾һҪ
ƿԵǴ֮˵ƿصǼΪϸ֮ǿϸѿأһλΪµ޷ȷչŷ˵ԾǾ޴ĴνƱҲǿ̸ˣϣ÷ǳ
գ˳ǹŷĽݣ˹ŷǴ棬ַߣƱػ֮ˣ漴Ҳ˳ǽݲ봬յУʱѾкܶˣȷʵܼɼǳԴÿһͰˣǶڴյУ԰ѿռռ
ձɫĹĻţԿķ羰ԶпµĽɫ籩ַȷ޺ʲôĳͬʵС뵽Сռѷ쵱еĳһ££Ϊɫ籩޴ڵġ
㡣һͺַĿȥ漴Ůӣ¶һĨЦ⣬ҡ
ŮҲЦ£ַ¾Ȼֶܹߡ
ַʼ磬ûж˵ʲôڴյУֻҪͨ㽫̤½һƬ½
ڣˣһȱ̤˴յУ޴Ĺŷʼŷ֮ϵĹĻµ˼£ֻյǰһǿĴڼԦŷɫĹĻ·ƬΪһ֮ʱŷµĺ¡¡죬ֱӳ˳ȥֱʧԭأƾ˸
ÿֲٶȣڽʱմôַоֻ̾оǰһƬɫ󣬹ŷ·𿪱ٳһبŵĴϳǰţһѤĽɫ߳С
¡Ȼݺݵ£ַ·嶼һһɿµѹϣ¡¡첻ϣһַֻ̣оԼѪⶼҪ˺Ƭ
ʲôַֻоǹϢѹѹ壬·Ҫ˺Ѱ㣬¡¡첻ϣѪ𵴣·Ҫ˺ַɫøĹŹ֣⴬յУҪ˿µô
ˣһӿµ𵴲ֱӳŹŷֻϿչĻתһѹ͸£ֱӻȺϣ͵촫вŵֱ³ѪַҲƺһֻоɫĹⲨ·ҪһŰš
С㣬յƺֻŮһ˵ɫÿ
ҲֻżȻɣϣ𵴲Ҫ̫ǿŮ˵漴ַĿɵõһͨ
ַ΢΢˵ͷ
ؼֲĿռǿ߿ٶž½ʥܴУеĹʱǿ󵽿ȹʥŷͶɣȻ޷ѹңһѹһ㣬͸ǷֵĻŷ𻵣бΣգղһͺǿֱ档
Ůַ㿪˵ʹַ΢΢ͷû뵽˵
ԣŷ޶ȣҪλʵľУһг̲˳Ļֱܻӱѹѹ
ַ΢΢ͷѤĽɫⲻǰӹַ޷֪ŷٶȾжôĿ죬ֻоڴʱգǹѹһֱţȻԵĹȴ٣˼ΪѹܣַѪΪǿᣬɸоޱȵѹ
ʱȥ˵ɫǺյеգЩ£û˵ʱ䣬·ú㣬һһ붼ƺҪá
Ҳ֪˶ãеȺһֽƣĸо˶ǳá
ͻأ䣬Ȼ䰵һĻȺɫ䣬ɫ԰ֽ
á
ô
ַɫһգɫķ籩ѹֵϢ
ֻԦŹŷǿ߲˴յУɫҲѿ
ǰŮĿ⿴ǿߣɫ΢΢Щ԰ף˴ǰ½˵˽һͼ׺ĩн˽ף˲ű˼ǰȴû뵽ڴʱʱɫ
˭޷ԤϵõϣҪֲ̫ŷܲסǶҪңǱѾ߳ˡǿ߳λ񣬾ͷţรɡ
˵ĿԴ˭Ҳ֪Ļǿʲô̶ȣֻܿˡ
ַɫѿʵǿᣬ࣬ɫǳ£ŷи޴ԼȻǹ̫ǿǸҡ
ֲķ֮غħһ˶ڷûй˼ɵˣ·ӭĩյĽ١
µڹŷ֮ϵɲǣȺԶоһɻ֮͸һУ֮ϵķȺӭһĩϮİ
ַ֮УֻŮ貵Ĺ棬סǹɻ𹥻ҲУ˷׷׳Źмȥ
ַŲȻһ̤˹֮УȻֲϵĳŹŷʹǶ޷վŷһš
һɿµѹ͸ַŮֱӽסŮüͷţɫѿȻ˿ȴѹˣܹ˼ַ㣬ûƽϢַʧȥʶɲǣ·ٶȿ˹
½ݳǣ֮أȺĹŷҵڹŷеȺͷ΢΢£
˲ʹĿ˸峯ǰŷкܶʬ壬ȻϵĶǵġ
ʱһֻһǿŷ֮ǰ
СһʹһǿɫÿȻĳҾĹŷ
ϢֻһŮԣץŮ꣬ɫɵһ亮â߲꣬¶ɱ


2093 ɽ
ʶûֻǿߵͳʵȺ׷ҡͷɱء
ն𣿡˿ʵǿ߳£漴ڵ޷ȷСҶĹϵһȥɡ
Ⱥ˵ͷ漴ʼҹŷ֮У¾ֻǼԦŷǿԼļλǿ۾ѵģ˷ˣַҲ⣬һδε𵴲֪˶ãѣ˹ȥܹΪ嶼ǿ󣬲ܼ
½ھ½λãͬʱ½˿½ΪĴ½ȻҲǿһƬ½Ƭ½ϣ֮˻һײѤĻ𻨣ʦʦǿߡǿӵǿߣ½Ĵ̨УǾ½һ½ô½Ǵ½
½֮У̫ǿǣЩǶŸԵеʥͬڣеѧԺףҲŲͬڤһΪǿƹһС
ɽǣϵΪǳصǿҲνĹ壬еҹ壬Լݼңϵңƿɽǵϵļľ֮¶š
ȻɽǣƺԽԽǿһУȻҪݼҸǿϵƽƺбļ󣬲ǰʱ䣬Ҳһ¼ҵĺ󱲾£Ȼϲһϲˣֵ˽ĵزҵȻԽɱȻȴвȡ
һųΪɽǽֵĻ⣬˶ԾʵǱ̬ͬȵģ֮氮ҵԼϲĵΪףϧѾǼ䣬ȻʵȻǱ޵ĺܣȻϣ
˿̣ھҵһУƹ谵һӰ׮ϣͷңϢ΢굱УŻڲϵȼţ޾ʹࡣ
ʱһӰ̤ߵӰǰǹһĨ̵ЦǾ仰ֻҪӦ̨ϸ£ֻƭѣ߳
Ӱ̧ͷ˫۾峺һĨ̵Цĵ꣬ΪԼٶ飬ȻȻ£һʵҲû̫źյĳҵĵӶұһҸõֵܣһȺɫĵӣŵΨһźˣܺһǱɱҰɡ
˵ţǹһĨõЦݡ
ЦһȻ㲻ͬ⣬Ǳ걻յʹɣ²֪Ѿס㣬ʱһУĵģĵȵº
Լ֮ûпңģҲܷԼǱסӰ˵
ˣѾҪΪҾҵѣǲ֣Ȼġƽ˵漴̧Ųڰĳȣ˳ǻ谵ĵƹ⣬źȥ
ڰУһ̾Ϣ֮д̾Ϣİ£Ǿ˫ݺ۳磬߳ǱС磬ŴһƬΪõ죬ȻһУֻһıİ£ıлҷ
ӴˣʼһǱ˰ʱ⣬һΪܳĵӣҪıôȥԼӦÿɹˣĵӣѾ̤λʵ˰ɣĵӳԸڻԵɺ£ôƣȻӴ֮ôĲͬȻⲢֹ绪ŮӣȻϵĴһجΡ
λʾ磬ǷѾ޵еĴڣȻɻǺ

ݼңһǳªķУַ۾ʱһʹϮ
ţַ㿴һգ漴˿Ȼֲ̫ˣֿµΣ֮£κε۾ǿڶҪɣֻоԼӹһȦ㣬Щɥ
ǹʹɣɼ˶ôµѹե壬Ҳһ˿о·𱳸ǧľ㣬·嶼Լİ㡣
ַаһ漴ͷ΢΢£ϵļöָˣȻַ㽫Ҫ֮ﶼ棬Я˴ָ˲ٺöУû뵽Ȼ˳ѣʱĴָˡ
վַ㳯ȥԼסһΪªԺ䣬ţֺ󣬶ʱŵ˶ˣϢɡ
ַʵ
ݸСƫػƽ˵СƫҲƬԺͨ˾ס֮أûдַ㣬ȴַ㰲
ҳȥߡַƽ˵˵̧ŲȥȻȴԷסĵСѹǰ㻹Ǵɡ
ַüͷ£ǵñѹȵε֮ǰץסŮԷбﻤ壬֮ʲô֪ˣԷ˵С㣬ѵָŮ
½𣿡ַһȻѾ²Ӧǿ϶ģҪȷһ¡
½ɽǡԷӦһ
½ַĿһâҪЩǰȥѰҴʦˣ뵽ĽŲ̤ȥͣȡ
¡ַҪǿ뿪ɵúǳ
ַһ׼ӲȻڴʱֻԶзХֻһӰ̤ȻŮԼ˵ˡ
ֻŮνڵأĿⶢַ㣬΢΢ҧ޳֮ͽ
֮£СҲǵѣǸַ㿪˵صʱ˼ôࡣ
ҶȻʶǱ㡭Ůԣһ˵ɱ˸
ȻҶδԷǿַҿԷ뿪Źŵ۷ٸøҰɡ
ַһ֮ɫڵϵĴָˣҪŵ۷
£Ҷ£Ե꣬漴ֻԷȷϵĴָһжѹ۶ϡ
ȥҸסҶ˵漴عͷַһۣҲɡ
һ˸һȥ˿ֻڹ֮Уһ˿ǰĿһĨصɫ֮ˣǳ¡
ǰַԹŵ۷̳ɵģԭԷƾǿӲĨַڴָеӡǣȡ֮Ȼſһö̷֮ˣʦ


2094 
ͷӦеľ·֮ʵǴСѳ𣿡
С㻹δѣвȷǷСƣ㽫ⴢָսˡԱ֮˻Ӧ
Ҷ֮ҡ˵˵֮ʱһӰѾڵ⣬漴ֻס
Ŷ˵㣬ˡ¶һĨЦ⣬ŵȥ漴㿴Ҷһ˽
Ҷһ۱㿴е
Ҷ㿴ӸҶҶ֮ӹ漴УƬ̣ɫΪøӵƣŴǳǸ̵𣿡
΢΢ҡͷ漴ĿҶַ㣬ʵСһļţĪҲ
ַë˶Щһﵹ湻޳ܵģȻԼĴָĶȡ˳û̫Ҫ֮УҲвٹž顣
Ҷַ㣬ɫΪʣ漴뵽ʲô㣬ڵŹŵ۷Īǹŵ۷бУԵǳ
ȻҶܻ뵽ַʦң֮ϿνŷǷ裬Ȼɲ̳ܿôĴвСĲ࣬ĸһʦȻҪ̳ôҲѶȣȻΪǹŵ۷б̺ġ
˵ģǰɡַԲȥҫʲôƽĿڵҵĶԻô
һ̰ͼЩȵøңʲô˰̵ģŵ۷ϣҲֻһŰֽѣˣûô򵥰ɡƽĿַ㣬ĿⷽҪ͸
ַ˸£˵ʵԷ֪᲻Ǳشҵʦҿ̵
ʦһĨɫаȻˣԼҲô²ġ
չŷʦûһôƺַ˼֣һʦĵӣԱһЩõĹϵ
ĴƱõãһõһţʦ취õһţڲͬӦҲ½ˡַ㲻ɫĻӦ鹹һλʦ
ԭˣʲô֣ЦʵַѾˡ
ַ㡣
ַ㣬ݼͰɣԺʦҲ̡˵漴ҶҶַӦѾʶɣдַ㡣
Ҷ¶һĨȵɫ׾Ȼ˵Ҫַʦɵ͹Ŀ̶ȣںǾ仰Ȼ׸׵˼֮ǰַʲôҪҪǣʶģѺõģģȫӵ
ǣסҶԵַһۣѹôž飬ĩչɣԭиʦʦԴḻ㲻ΪˣһλʦֻҪԼҪ׬ȡԴ̫ˣݼңȻһ
ַ㣬ĴָúãҶҲַ㡣ַĴַָ㣬ַֻ㽫һöصָϣϵ֮ٽļöָҲָϵһöС
ַ㣬ǳȥ߰ɡҶĿ⿴ַ㣬оΪŹ֣Ǿ֮ǰϾַʦһʦֵ𾴡
ַȴҲԼ뷨뿪ˣ˿̲谭ȻֵȥȻҶԵȴΪЩˬһﾹȻиʦֻܱˡ
ַ֪Լֻ̣֪θ롣
ȥߡ˴ַҶ˵
ҴȥɡҶ̤գĿɨݸַݼңɽǿ֮һңʱ⣬Ƭ޾ĸ֮ۡ⣬ݼһ󡣡
󣿡ַΪ죬ʲô
½û˵𣿡Ҷ
ûСַ
ʱҴȥҶ΢Ц˵Ƭ̣ѾݸַֻҶһߡ
Ҷ£漴΢ЦŵͷУʲô飬ʱݸңҵĴѶ򡣡
ַ˵ͷҲѶȡ˫һ漴ַ̤ȥ
öʦǳҴʦַ֡Ŀ⿴һΧ漴̤ҵһ֮أƬ֮󣬺ֵ˳ַԡ
ַ㡣Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ʵǵ½ô
½ɽǣʦһλַ㿪ڵ
΢΢ͷ漴壬ͬʱ建ڿգ΢΢ĳһȥ
һĿǰԶߡֿ˵漴ճһҹŷַָʾǰУַûдݼңԣҵľҪġ
ХĹŷɽϿջƺƵԽԽ죬ʹúĿ΢΢£ʱǰһ嫵ĸۡӦһǿҵĸۡ
ַ㣬ͣ¡ʱ򣬺ͻȻڵ˫ü·
ַҲоʲô㣬ԦŹŷͣ÷ǳָǸۡڵķλ
ȥһֱӽ˳ȥ̼廯һǰȥַ˵Ŀⶼ壬ܿ죬ǻյǰĸַۡҲųǰΪ˲ע⣬ǵ建ڿգƶˣͻ
˿ַֺ̺һĬԵЩأǶָоʦ֣ɽУҾǸ
ȻǺ嫸ۡһϿգֻ廯һֱӽں֮ϣϣ˵ꡣ
ʦ֣ɫӲʦֿܾС
ַͷ΢΢£ʱ¿գһǿӰ̤գȥַʦ֣ջء
΢΢ͷ漴һʱ峯߷ͬʱЩǿĿⶼߣ̤صϵʱǵĿҲվַǰ
ʲôˣֻΪ֮Ŀɨַһۡ
·˵أд¡ֽĵĲָƽӦ˵Էкüλ۾һ
ղǶʲôٶʵ
һͨС⣬Ǵ£ȥ΢΢˹֣漴ߡ
˵գ̤뿪Ϊ侲ȻпðĻ


2095 ط֮
ֵ˷׷뿪ߣԷδΪ׷ϾַҲԶʷǷ˭ȷûдıء
ʱַԶƬգȻһпֲ֮â
ʦ֣ȷľʦں𣿡аʵ
ԤʾûдĻʦֱȻںУңǱĵ
ߣȥ̽һȻһʦҲܱߵ˿֪ʦҲһվԼеĲ˵˶ʱͷͬ⣬γ¿նȥƬ֮һ˿ܼľ¥֮У˲ͬλ£ңѾ˵ľǰ
ַҲһǰǰ֮˿ڵ﷽ô
̧ͷַһۣ漴Ц㡣
ַĿ⿴һ۾¥漴ҳɽǣ£ҿǰֺ븮ۡ˭ҵĸۡ
˵ţַָָղźǺ嫸ۡ
ԷַĻ¶һĨЦ⣬üһǵһɽǣҶ֪
ңǿ𣿡ַʵ
Ȼɽ½ֻͨǣȻϾҲһЩǿĹңҺݼңǿң֮ӵżǿ裬ңҸ㣬ңʼݼҵľˣһֵ˺󱲶ݼǿȥٹЩ꣬Ҳܳݼҡ˽ѹ÷ǳͣȻѾɽǵĹʶȻǴȥݼұȻ᲻ˡ
ݼңҡַɫ£ԷеݼңҶڵļôǰմ̤
ʥǿôַ㿪ʵ
Ȼ˵ɽǹʥ۾ֱĸ嵱УУҺݼҸλʥ⻹ļӵһλʥ۾Ŀ´ڣǷʥɽУұ㲻ö֪ˡԷˬĽܵⲢʲôص飬Ҳֵúַ㽲
ַ˻д˺λʥ۾򣬳Ƕùʥ˵ĻЩ̨ӣܾȳľȻɽʥ״ַ̬֪ܼܲһս޷֣ǽǻԵģɽҪԼҲҪ
ĴˣʦıҾҲ˵Ļ㶯ùʥַһݣʵû˵ľˣ
ľԷַľɫʱùŹڲǰַ㻹˾ҵʵΡ
ʶľ
ʶֻ;̸֮۾ҵʱ˵ľЩ棬ľʲôˣַ㾡ԼƽϴһĨ΢ЦʵԷķӦ֪ʦֵġ
ǺǣľɽǵЩɽǵ̸Ҳ˿ʱ䣬Һ˵˵Ҳ޷΢Ц¡
Ǳлˡַ
˵ľò˾˵Ѿ䲻Сλʾ磬ȻսȴΪЩ£⵹ҲûʲôϾɽսǿ˶ǣҪ˵һˣҵľ£òף츳׿ϵǳңʮ绪ï׷߲֪ȻȻľ˰˼⣬˵֮˶ܻƾ£ڰиں䣬Ȼ˱ϾͬһΣŶԣȴƫƫమˣ˵ǲǺܹ֣
˿ַЩ⣬Ȼַȴͷ΢ʦ־ȻٴҵԼİŮˣⱾǷǳ飬ȻŻ֮飬ھ½ʵ̫Ƶˡ
Դʦֵ˸Ů˰ϣҲΪ棬ַ̨ӣ˭ľʦֵġ
أַʵ
˲飬ľɱ˲پҵˣھҲȻŭҪľһνɱ֮УľܵشȻȴ˺ݻľҲᣬȻٶϾ·ǳ⣬ļλֳĸף츳ǷھҪλһµȻˣľҲ
Ծҽľˣַк䣬ѿڶȻĻ֮Էȴ£⵹ûУΪ˰£ľ;һᡣ
ʲô᣿ַʵ
֮˿˵ɽǣмǳҪ󣬶ҼΪҪĴϣǾҺݼΪң˲أΪǿнݼ˦֮ƣˣҪɽǵĴ󣬶֮ǰĴ壬ÿһ嶼ػһġ
Ҫһ֮ȫ£ôңȻͬɡַ˵ĵⲻᣬľ
û干ͬƾҵҰģѾײȻɲֹҵţ໥һԼĴһĹĳսĴչԼƿصĿǾҰܣҲ뽫ó
ô˵Ĵ֮Ҳͬһַʵǿͬһ˵ĻֻҪļˣͿԺɨĴˣϾնԷĻһռƵġ
ԣͬʱսļңҸԼ󣬶ֻҪԺ¾ԼҲɽ󡣡Էش𶼡
Ҫľְ󣿡
ǵģҺľԼȥݼҵ󣬶ҳɹ;µĹϵһսʤ£ӦһľȥǾһݼңʧܵģǻȥҵ󣬶ֻǻסԼҲһ˶ձΪҺݼ֮ģǶһЩǳɫ󡣡
ַɫΪÿҼȻӦʦܹ¿ȴֽʦʲô˼Է˼Ȼ֪ľھ棬Ѿ֤
֮ˣ
ԣͿ˭ˣһֱɽǿңǵȻҲģΪվĸ߶ȱ͸ߡԷش
ˣлֵܸ֪УǾһ֪ʲô𣿡ַһ
˵ǺǾĥط֮أˣн޳ԷĿڵʹַͫٶ£һµĺ⣬ңûдôʦֲ룬ֻһӶѣط֮أн޳


2096 渮
ַ̨˴Ӿ¥ǽԴ̽Ϣһּûʲô룬Щ·ûбҪƭǣЩ飬Ҳɽ֪飬ֻǲ֪ˡ
յĽʵܼ򵥣ƭ˾£ľȴѳľ֮ľᣬʵѾľ߳棬ط֮أн޳
һȺˣǸô죿̨з߿ɫ⣬ϢŰûмľλֵܶľľ֮пԿľеĵλһľ̨ĿߣҲǺˡ
ʦ֣Ƕ֪Ĵ˰ɣַ˵
Ȼ˴ʦ֣к;ʵΪӽݼң»Ϊң⻹ʵһЩֱΪԼңַ㣬ʲô뷨𣿡ֶַ
ʦ֣ǰңʦִǰ¼ңҺ̨ȥңΪǵԮ⣬ǿԵĻʦòҪ֣аȥɣס֮ǰҵвǡ
ַ㻺˵ʹɫ£аڵȾң᲻ʵ䷴ξȵ˴ʦ֡
ǵõϢǣ֮⣬ҶƣǶֻסԼܹסȻмʱǶᾣҿʱ򣬾ҷˣǱ֣ҲʲôˣͶʱұزģԼȣǾһԼҪҿսͼˣֻøǿӲֶˡ
ַƽڡ
ǰﾣɽǻ᲻˴ʦ֣ʵ
ᣬѾĴΪ֮ˣٻȡݼҵĿǰҲֻǽԾҵزʲôмǽǵˣ·߲ͨ⣬ȻʱˣʱҪٶַ䡣ַ㿪˵λԶͷϿַĻ
緢ɽΨҶ֮ƣǰǣǻΪ׸ƣνѩ̿飬⡣
Ȼˣ͸ԷֿˣʱִѶϵֿڵ

˷֣Ųͬķλȥַ̨ٶȳݼҵķǰУΪԼǰݼˣû뵽ô»ȥ
̨սΣ·;֮Уַ̨һЩʵһֱæµţûкλʦֵĽü겻ǵսȻԶǵܱȣַҪˡ
ٺ١ַ̨ĻһЦƺţڵʥȷʵΪԼ޶ۣû뵽ʥ侹Ȼܻ˶ȫµļڵÿһܹһ𣬳׵ıﵽ˵ĵز⣬ĵѾ֪֮ٶȷҿǷȱսû⡣
̨͸ǿҵţɣַ֮󣬳һȺһţҲϼԼǱΪо˲㣬ԣӭԼʵڣһĳŸǿ֮·ʵǡ
ַ΢΢ͷ̨֮Ǻ֪ģǿṥ֮ǿµģַ㵹ǲɣңַ㻹ڸֵܻĹʥ䲻ʥ״ȻֻҪܷһҲͬСˡ
صݼַ֮㾶ֱҵҶ̨ҶоЩ죬ַƺһֱӵɣľʶһλѡ
ַ㣬ǣ
ʦܣҵʦɲֻһӡַ΢Ц鹹ʦ˳Ҷ£ô˵ʦҲˣ
Ѿ½Ҫңͻҵҵġַ˵
ַСֵܣʦˣɶҪҵʱ˹ַˬʿڵ
ȻַĿֻ߾ȻвˣһЩ۾ͬ츳ͬͬǵ۾ȴܻкܴġ
ʦĵôʱĿַ㣬ĵ
ԣʦĿ̵ҶоЩաЦ
ôʦַ裬ӦҲǳɡ˶ַЦ
̨վַԳĬԣѲյ̨ȻɱȽϻ𱬣ӣʱ򱣳ųĬЦַֹȺһﾹȻַǰ̸
Сַ㵹û⣬Ц¡
Ӣܣᣬλʾ磬ǵʦ𲻴һЦŵ
֪ȣΣǳЦ
ȣ¶һĨЦ⣬֮ⲻԶ
߰ɣͿ쵽ˡ
Ҷַ㡣ַ΢΢ͷ漴һ˳̤ȥ
ҶҲȥӭӰɡʱҶһλߵҶߵֻҶĿͶַ㣬ȴַ΢΢ͷع˼ҡ
ʵҲûʲô飬ֻǽҪַ㣬һȥɡҶַЦµʹַΪ죬ݼҵĵλܸߣȻҪһЩ۾ӭӡ
˳ȥֻҶַ͵ݼһʵһˡһˣ츳ǿ渮У˴ݼһЩѣҲˡ
ʵԶǵһѹݼôˡַа
ַ㣬½֮ˣӦû˵渮ɣ渮½֮߳أ󽳵ĵλͬʥһ㣬߸ϣ渮еˣҪǿ츳Ҫ츳
Ҷַ˵ʹַа½Ϊ½Ȼظ࣬渮Լ֮˵
ϵѾӽʦˣ˴ݼһЩѣ˲Ž渮е˻ң뻹һλһǰҲ渮ĸˣһݼӦòڱвˡҶ˵ַ˵ӦָҺҵ֮ҶĻַҲȫܹӭԵˡ
뻹渮ͬţǼ򵥵
ֻǣΪɽǵһң˵ͬʤݼңôӦҲɣӦøǿŶԡ
½ԻǾȻȺ¹۾š
뵽ˡڴʱҶԵ꿪˵ĿԶֻ֮ϣӰ̤һ޴ϣ޾ȻǷǳµϬӵѪϬһȥޱ£˿µУӰԶʷǷ渮ͬŵˣ


2097 
Ҷ˵Ŀⶼ۽յϣַ򲻾俴һԵҶԼݼ꣬ݼ֮У¶ĳ羴֮⣬츳ʱǻἵʣ츳ܴʱȴ𾴣룬ݼҵǿţʵԶǵһˡ
Ҷַ㿴ǴһĨõЦ⣬ƺЩĽ
롣ʱ̤ǧ֮˳Ϭڵء
塣漴ܵʦ
ֶݼңݼԡЦ˵
ˣҺʦֵͬܰ㣬ҵ¡ƽ˵ݼ˶̲סǧһΧˣԵø֡
½½ŵӽԶһֳʲô츳ܹõʲô
ֻʱ봩ȺҶ¶һĨЦ⡣
硣Ҷ΢ЦźһŲǰ˼
ҶԽԽƯˡ΢Ц˵ǰḧҶգ΢ЦҶӣҽʦָʶ
ʦ֡ҶĿ⿴ŵĳ羴֮⣬ȻǺһǰݼң츳渮ˣһǿ̫ࡣ
·ϱ˵иƯãһȻ渮ŮңҶҲ渮ˡЦ˵
ʦЦˣС츳㣬ܹ渮Ҷ΢ЦŻӦ⵹û˵ٻȻ츳Ȼ渮Ҫ󼫸ߣϾǳ󽳵أʲôݣֻҪ츳㣬һŲա
лĻҶӿԺǶཻҲͻƣܹ渮Ҳ˵΢Ц¡
ҶĻͷ΢ϲЦСñлʦˣԺ̣ʦĪҪźá
ϲءЦ˵ߵһĻ˸⶯Եѹ壬СҲСˣʦ츳ǷСÿҪúϧλᡣ
룬ҪæõġЦ£Ҫϡ
Ȼ˵ͷ漴Ŀ̧𣬿ҶַԼ̨ʵ壬ЩİҲݼ֮ΪκҶߵô
ǣַҶڴ½;ңʦһλʦҶд˵
ʦʦѣʦ֮ڱسʦ壬ԺҶӲҪӴˣʦǲˣ»ƵҿʦֺҶӵĵһо봫ظݼ֮ˣȻϣҶһõĹޣ츳൱ܹҶΪȻá
ãԺұӴɡ΢΢ͷ
ûж˵ʲôҲỨ̫ľȥעַ㣬ʦݼҶȻϧȻ渮ʦ̫ˣһЩ츳ǿˣںһ䣬Ѿ̤ʦľأ˵ַʦһλʦô⣬ʦʦѡ
̤ݼҵʱǿĶ־ң˿̵ĴҲһ飬Ȼˡ
뵽𣿡ʱΪ׵һλɫȴ֮⣬Žеʵ
룬˻Ӧ˵
ԭʦܣߵȷʵȽϽʦҲ̫ˣΪƾԼֹݼҵΪҾ֮ôƽ˵Ŀ͸żһоƿص֮⡣
ʦ֣С渮ܺʦԣǰ渮öԸҪúýѵѵʱһλžЦҲͬ渮֮ˡ
Һݼңɽǿңжнܳĺ󱲽뵽渮С
ô׶ԸǽЩĪҪ飬ϧʦûټϾ֮ˣȻܹһٽɽǵȫ¡ƽ˵
ʦڿΪ׼ӦΪˣǶ֮֡ͬĵ˵ͷǾ½ע⣬һɿµķ˳ǿˣЩΪܳĵӣΪ
ͬʱ˾ҺݼҲ׼ԼǣѳɹҵУõǿԮȻǸ˵ģټǱǿԼסԼҵӦòˣǶףǾԼݼҵֻϣݼܹסþ̤һԺ󶼻Ǿû
ҵҰģɽǵ˶ĺܣɽǵ˶ڹ˴ܷ֮ɹ̤Ұĵĵһ

Լݼ֮Ҷûٺٳַߵˣżַῴһ𣬶һλŮġ
ò䲻ҶҲΪٻС磬ǳ̸ַ֪һݼҵλһַȻףصݼ֮Ĵƺ½˽
Ȼַ㲢ô⣬෴ദøЩҶԵøΪϣַʲô֪ҲֱĶַ˵
ʱַ㡢̨Լݼҵ·ϣ˲෽ҶԼǡ
ֻҶַ΢΢ʾ⣬ûٿַ㣬Ǽ̸ţƺΪģǵ̸ƺҶҪǰݼҵ󿴿
Ҷ˵лַǰݼҵѾˡ
ȻһУַ㲻ôģĵֻξȴʦֶѡ
ַ㣬ôĿԶַЦʵ
ͦģ渮꣬ҶҲΪò˵ҲʡַƽǳȻȷʵΪ䡣
һΪ᲻ءЦŵ
ַʼ磬漴ĵСʹɫߺ΢΢㿪ַһۡ
ҾҶȤˡַЦ˵漴̤ǰȥĿַıӰһʲô˰
Ժͻ֪ʲôˡ̨һЦ󲽳ǰȥ
Ŀǰ˱Ӱ漴ҲЦЦǰʵַ㣬ȥ
ȥݼҵ󿴿ɡַƽ˵󣬵Ȥ


2098 ս
ɽǹĴУҺݼҵ󣬳ʯΪḻʱһЩʯ֡
ҶѣһҪԲԶˣǶǲǳǿػݼҵȻҲ⡣
ַͬߵʱ򣬿嫵޾ǧٹ֣䷽Բǧ֮أͬһɽبڴ֮ϣʶƬжôķḻȷһΪĿɽȻǿ߰أ޷ʱǰ͵󣬶ЩˣݼҵĴֶǷǳѪġ
ʱַվڿǰָֻһЩʯ·ƣҷ·㣬Ȼɣ٣ֻռʮ֮һҡ
棬γɵġַ㾪̾һ
½биϧԴЩطɲҩҲΪ棬ȻɣȻټ󣬴ʣûκãֻʮ֮һʯĻӦ˵
ȷʵˣЩʯƿȻƣЩӿҲϣǼԵ׿̳󡣡ַ㻺˵ʹ΢Ц£ݼҵˣǰƬУ󷨣ͬʱЩӿϰòϡ
ַ㣬Ҵȥȸߵ󡣡Ц£漴ַ㳯ǰȥڿգƬ֮һǳŨԣֻиʯһЩǿһȻ̻ɣ̶˿ѷʦ̡
֮󣬹Ȼޱ档ַ㻺ڣֻߵһ޴ʯǰ޴ʯ֮ϣһޱȵĳìڰ֮ɫпµĺڰǳìһƿƶɣȴͬʵİ㣬ǻĽ̲ģֱӲ
˧̨ǰ޴ḧʯֻ΢΢һЦһַֻ棬˳ǳìƹ̼䣬һƿµķֱ֮񷣬·ʱƿʯյС
ݼҿҪƴػסɡַ㿪˵
ȻǼΪҪҲὫٻˣһǰþϾˡĻӦ⻰ַ΢΢˵ͷһԼжмְˣʱвȾңþҷˡ
ַ㣬ʦʦӦҲͰɣĺʵַ¶һĨЦ⡣
ԡַЦ£΢΢ʼ磬ʹ΢΢ƲƲ죬Цŵʲôлԡ
˵֮ʱԶͻȻпµХʹַľ㶼ɫ£Ŀ⳯ХķȥֻµϢֱƺƬطս
˵󡣡ĻȻһ漴̤ߣȥ
ַ˳ս̤֮ȥֻƬռ䣬ѾвڣһУӰУչŰս
롣ַĿ΢£Ҳ
ս˭
ȽһǳóͬҲ渮֮ˡ˸ƬĴսֻ˶ûֱײһվһλս档
ȽŲһ̤ʱµڷɣȽƷ趯ָͬʰղϻ֮䣬һµƿɱ֮侣ȽָսХֱӳɱ˹ȥշ֮ض
һȻǰһ̳һܣ͵Ĵ¡һ죬µĿмҵķš
ʦȻȽƣЦ˵ֻļ̤ŴأʯϵķǰٵĽ֯
ɱһŭֻ󾹻һޱȿֲĲȻ䳯ɶµ˵
侲ޱȣĿɱǿңյгһֲĽɫ޽¿µɱֻŭХһ޽ɽӣնգֲĲٶȱѿ
渮ȷʵܻһֿµĵزַ㿴˵Ѥսа̾󷨵̫ˣ׼뵽սУȥԼֱܹ󷢶ս󣬸ӵеʵܷΪµ
˵ĴսԽķַⳡսаؾأ󡢿󣬿˵޵ĶΪҪĻȻȴδɢܻʵʵĹΪɷֶΣȻͬԴΪһͷܿκεĹǰǸơ
ַһЩͬΪޣȻͬǶԽ֮ͬ䶼䣬ǧܳͬͬķʽ䡣
Ҳһַо֮±ǿ˵֮ͬеĹʥһ
⾣ȽǾ𣿡ַһôо⾣Ƚ뻹һ˿ࡣ
ǣʵѹƾȽһһ׷ǳ£붼ѹƲ׺;Ƚ渮ǾΪˣ⣬µһЩҺ󱲣ͬǳɫԾҪ̲ɽĴ󡣡
ĻӦ˵ʹַ΢΢ͷѹˣңȻһ渮ǿߣЩսӪϣҪսǧٹ֡
յΪֹʦд衣ڴʱֻȽХһͬչᣬַ߶ҪƬ
Ƚٶȼ죬ַˣ¶һĨ΢ЦֻȻ뵽УǵĹ첻ϣ̼趯ȽȻռٻһɿֲƽ֯ɣſµ
ߡ̨ĺһ̤Ȼȴɫ£ûжҪ档
ĽŲ̤ߵַ̨ǰͬȻԶ羣ȽȴҲݼҵ档
䣡ֻȽŲ̤أ̼ǰ֮УȻ޾ĳǹ·˿µķ֮ǵصĳɱ
ɫѿִټܣȻ˿վַŲݺݵһ̤̼пµ·Ľַ֯оеȷÿֻҪһ̺ϵĿԻԼٶȽ֯һɿµ֮ݻһУЩɱĿµĶϳǹپʱȫͬʱȽȻ񷣬µĴһɿֱֲӳ
һĻʹþȽĿվıַһۣ潻սȻ֪ղַˣݼңʱһ
Щ˸ݼ֮סˣĵôô£ղѹȻܵòǺƺǿ


2099 
Լ㶣ղŵȻģ档
ڡȽХһֻ̤⣬ⲽֱŲȥݼҵҲδ׷˸߶
ģղƺǿֻһ߿ģ˵
ܲǺУܹ赲סȽĹȷʵˣģЩûú㣬û뵽˿̿УԺǻԴһҲ˵죬Щ㶣Լû׹ôһ¡
ǾȽʵȷʵǾҽȫеԸݼңǿ²ôù
ԣסȽ渮֮ˣȻǰȷǷҲԮһսƽȡ
ݼ֮˶¶صɫǵľҾۼǿԸݼңĻݼΣա
ҪҪ޸¹֮֮սܶǣƾңȫԸݼңôһЩҺҵ󵨵˵ʹͷ΢΢£飬ȷܴ󵨣ǶֻǷžҶȡǵȻҲʧΪõİ취
ҪˣǵǱûһҪֵˡݼ֮˵漴׷׵ͷ˸뿪ߡ
Ҷַһۣ漴Ҳ뿪ߣݼңַƺֻһп޵ˣֻǱӦеأַʦǿԽύһǲɣҲûʲôϵ
ͷַ㣬ղţ㣿
ַ΢Цŵ˵ͷûıҪңݼ޷ƾԼܾҵҲְһѣ٣Ҫѹȵȥ
ַͷ۾գգЦŵô
˵ôַʼ磬̫⡣
ǻôΪʲôǣǶҲһЩЦŵ
ҪǶҸʲôЩڡַЦŵʱҲ͸¶ݼҪԴ¾ǣԺ֪ˣ˵ôģܲܽԴҪȥɡ
ǸȤļһЦַ㣺ţҶûκεĿˣûзϡ
ַЦԣҲȥɡ
ĵ˵ͷһ˳ȥʱݼҵΧһλŮƽվǣƬ
Ůһϯ򵥵İ£һء򵥵мֳ֮⣬ݣܳƵϳˡ
ŮӵΪַ㿴ŮһۣĵĽŲ΢΢ַ̨ͣҲͣ
ôˣַʵ
֪˭𣿡¶һĨЦ⣬ַʵ
ܳôַ
һʱͦģңһֱǳ츳ҸҰҺޣӦ˼壬ҪΪݼҵ󣬴˿ǰ֪Щʲô΢Ц˵ʹַɫһƺ뵽һˣ£ַʵ
Ҳ֪ĲĿַ㣬ַ֪Ǵ½ģɽǵ飬Ӧòô֪ѡ
ȻַгһƲ£ʦϲŮˣΪʦֱ˾Һô֪Ƿ֪£֪Ļ
ˣӹַӰͻأʧԭأʹ£漴ͿַѾԶµǰ
̧ͷĿַ㣬Ʈƽˮ·ûκεĸ顣
¡ַ㻺ڣվǰֻʱ³ǰ̤ÿ
ַ¶΢Цȴ˿ֻƽվǡ
ˣֻ½̤أʱƬƬƺһɢͬʱһƲӵ
СġĶַ㺰һǾҵǳ㲻̤渮ľףۼʵҲ̫ࡣ
İɣַ㲻˺̨ߵ˵˾䡣
̧ͷԵĴͷֻ̨۾΢΢ǰᵣַ㣬ղ˵ַ㲻˺£
ĸоԼƺҪ¹ǼһˣЩϣѵʵҲǿɡ
һ̤̼䣬֮ȻһֲĴΣȻ佫ַ棬漴ٶȺݺݼ̤أͻȻлֱӳ
ַڿգʱֻ޾ĳìַɱ˹ȥ
ַŲݺݵ¿ռ̤£ֲķŰƬ춼Ҫѹ̼䳤ì飬ͬʱַ峯ǰһȭ֮ϣ˲Ϣ
ַ̤һžȥֻʱһɿֲĳ⣬ͬʱһɿµ⽻֯ɣǹ·ҪΪһ塣
иɫһ漴ֻҲַ˲Ͻӽ漴ǹɿֲ׵ͷŶƻշ·ն񷱻ֳƬΪС
ַϣһʥ֮۶ϯأֲȻȫն˳ȥĿӱնһζΣΣַ󽣾²ϢϽ£·ܴ񷡣
޴Ĳַսÿ£֪ܲսʤ룬ַսĿԿݼǿ
˭¶ַ㣬ȻҲоַǿ
Ҫȡݼҵ󣿡ַžʵ
üͷ΢壬ǵģһҪ
ľ֣ңҪǡַ㵭˵ʹþµüͷøľһֵģսΡ
߰ɡַƽ˵ȴΪˣ£ǲ֪ģս֮ġ
¶ַ㣬ʵֹң
ǵġַ΢΢ͷȻֹҡ
ɫÿַֻ۾˭֣ܶȡݼҵľҲ֣뿪ɡ
أ
֣ҰﾣҶ󡣡ַ㵭˵һȥ߾ң֣ңòݼҵԼ󣬶زס
¸ַ˼Ϊַ֪˭˵ַ֪ľĹϵΪľ֣ﾣҶȡǲ֣Ҫᾣ֮
²ףģף


2100 ɽ콣
뿪ˣǰݼҵĿֻҪܷлľȻľûȴֵַ㡣
ھңʼ£ַһ仰Ǻ⣬߾ңľ֣ﾣңľ֣ԼĿزס
¡ʱھµǰһλǿߣĿ⿴£ɫͣȻ¿۾ȴЩ䣬ûаС
£ɣľӵ㣬ҳֵģݼңɱˡƽ˵Ȼµ۾ɺ䡣
ȥݼҵ󣬶ңһˣֵˡµûκεУƽĵһ֣꣬ת澣ң֮գľ֣ﾣҶľ֣ᾣ֮󡣡
˻üͷ΢壬к˸˭
ҲʶȻʵǿϣ仰ûкиεĺ塣˵һ漴ӰƮ뿪ߣֻɫ꣬Ӱâ૵ݼҵ󣬻ѵҾô
ھҵУҲ˵Ĵ٣ݼҵĿΪ֮
ַھ뿪֮Ҳһ뿪ݼҵĿĵ֮ǿҵĲʱʱ͵ַһۡ
ǿַЦŵ
Խ㣬ȴԽ͸࣬ҷ̨ĻЩ˼ˣԺһ׵ġĵЦ£ǾҵʵѾǷǳˣȻǰƺû̫ǿĵֿ׾پܹȡʤԾ˵Ļ𣿡
ָľ仰ַЦʵ
ľ֣ﾣҶ󣿡
ġַ˵ͷ
ϣľҪ֡Цµʹַ¶һĨɫôţܰҶҿ
̨˵ԺһҲءĲÿɷһЦ
ַĻصݼңݼһĳﱸᣬɽǵйλ棬գþЭ֮ÿһᣬ峡սսʤߣ󣬶ңսˣᵱС
ĽֶݼȻǿ󣬵Ͼֻһңûô츳ڵꡣ
֮Լ֮գˣص㣬Ĵ֮أ˭ʤ˭Ӵƿؿ
ݼңԵøأһȺǿ߻䳡УһԼΪףһսݼ̫Ҫˣǰܣݼҵ󣬽ӶߣɽĴҵԼκһңҪԼ
룬һսǶҪˡʱݼһһվǰ棬
һս¡صĵ˵ͷ
ãôǳˣҪĵһǷңϣܹסǰҿֻ˿˵漴һӰ̤գȥȺм롢ԼҶ˽Ų̤Ϭ֮ϣԵøעĿ
ַ㡢̨ԼĬĬĸҲ˸ȥǰƺע⵽ַǣɵ˸ЦֶַЩݼҿɻϰߣѾͷչ˵ÿɺã
ĺܺáַ΢Цŵͷ
Ǳãôˣʦûɽ𣿡һ
ˣŲãұܼʦˡַЦ£Ӧ˵
ǱãҪʦ̣⣬Ĵ֮ӦҲ֪ˣɽĴҵײлԹĦһܹҲˡ˵ûпַ˼ֻĴҵĿᣬɽһսַΪλͨһЩȻԴѧһЩҲ
ҲôġַЦŻӦٶԣǰȥһ˲ϳŷҵĿнš
ʱҵĿ֮أΪţҵˣѾˣ֮⣬Ĵҵ¼ңҲѾߣҪĵڶ¼ҵĿգңҪһ֮أԸɽǵҡ
˼ҵ֮⣬ɽǵǿ߹˴οᣬյսҲɽδˡ
ǣڷҵȺ֮Уңҵ˶ԺǷǳĿֵˣǷҹػǵ
ʱֻҵǿ߽Ųϼ̤棬ʱ֮ϣһ֮ƾո֣漴ϵͶɣƯ֮С
λҷҿֻҵǿ߻˻֣ʱһιڿգŰȥǳһλĴңռһλ˴ο֮սص㣬һ֮ϣʵĽ棬Խ׵Ľ֮
֮һǷҵˡʱҵһλǿߵ˵
Ҵ˴γս֮˲֪λָ̡ǿ߻Ӧһʵ
ԼĹذɣҾҼȻһսȡսôһս̨ģǵˣȻ󽻲档ǿ߻ڣ峡ս˵˭սȻҵˣҪȳȻ󽻲Ҫս峡ĻȳķңȻҪԿˣҿԸҳˣ˭ս
סȽԼûг֣ǾҵսѹȫϡԵ˵΢΢ͷ壬Ǿ׵˸ȫݼҵսǴ˷ݼҵȥҵġ
ΰɣ˲ЩҲԸΪ£´ƣҪסҲô򵥡ƽ˵Ŀ⳯ž˵ķȥֻҵ˺ƽ·һжǵƿصа㡣
ӽɽǵľ棬췭ظı仯׸ı䡣
漴˵Ŀⶼڷҵķ򣬵һսˡ
ֻʱҷһλǿ߳ɫһӵĳ򵥡ƺѰȻȴƺͬһޱȵκ赲ǰҪɱ
˭ƺûмȺ˵ˣİ
ҷüͷ΢΢£ƺˣ·ҵϿշȻֻ˲ɫָֻ糣·ʲô¶ûз㣬ⲻӰʲôһսңȻ¡
ֻʱ򣬾ҷһɫ֮˻֮߳ϣأֻ֣񻺻ĴԴŲ̧ͷ漴ȺһŲ԰׵԰ףȴֺ䡣
ɽ콣Ⱥˣͫ΢΢£ǰƣȻȺƺ׽еϼ룬һ˫ս֡
ɽ콣ɽһĽû˱죬ܹ鶯񣬾ңˡ
֣ҵˣͷȻ侾ҵĿģֻݼ


2101 һ
ɽ콣ΪһĽıѾ֣һսѾûˣǿ֮ˣһĨ֮ͬ⣬ϧˣɽ콣Ľ£֮
ɽ콣ַ֮Է֣ɵ¶һĨȤɫϧһսǽäϣɽ콣ῴĽ
ȻаĽ
Ϊһս˭ʤĿַǹЦݣʵ
ɽ콣ܡַ㵭˵һʹ¶һĨɫ̫ŵЦ£ɽ콣ɽǼʢǳȥϵ裬ǵıƴʵĻܹһսַȴ˵ɽ콣ܡ
֮ϣ˶ĬǶһˣУΨж֡
ӹ֮Уһɱ⣬ǹ֮£ɽ콣嶯ˣа񱼶ȥٶȿô죬Ȼÿһôȹ̣֣Ѿ˽֮ϣһǳͨĽĽޣ
һ˫ȶ֣ڽϵһ̣ͲǷֺĲޣɱ뱻ɱֻһ֮䣬һ˿ݲ¡
аҲͬˣͬĶ֣Ҳ˽֮ϣãֻҪնκһλ
˵Ķ˾оһϢ֮⣬շ·ˣǵУΨϵˡ
ŵǷҵˣɽ콣ֵһǱףҰģƺԶֹûݼҵ󣬷ɽ콣㲻
һսܰܣҰܲȻɽ콣аʤ
ɽ콣Ľڳˣһҫ죬µĶ죬Ķȴͬͬ硢ͬһ⣬Ƿǵ޵Ŀ죬۾޷ϵĿ죬ƬգʧȥɣΨһ
аĽͬˣɽ콣෴Ľɽ֮Ŀӳ֮£ԵøƺȺѾɽ콣ͷն¡
аĽҲΪɽ콣Ľӳţʵһܿ죬˵Ķֻɲǣɲ֮ķΪ˹עģ˵ͬһϣվһûѪûпյ
Ψˣǵͫ΢΢£üͷ΢΢
ӹֻһͻȻ仯˳˴ʬ壬ȫʧˣһ̣Ⱥֻоǵݺݵ¡
⡭ôܣ
ɽ콣ˣˣˣûʣ¡
ǴŻɫڶĶɿƵģĲ뽣֮УĿޱ飬漴תŷҵķ̤ȥһ̣ȺƺѹʶһսĽ֡
ҵǿߺݺݵ³˿
ãа
ֻҵǿ߶վ¶ɫǿȻ֪аȻȴû뵽ôɽ콣һɱ֪ղһжôľգһɽ콣а䣬ǽֻ֮Ϊսаʤ
һ̣ҵĺܶˣɫøѿһսɽ콣սȻˣܵ˵ĸɾ˵ĳףһһսǾҳˣҲζţȨ˷Ǳߣңܸҵˣѡսǿߡ
ɽ콣Ȼˣ˭ݼҷ򣬺ܶ˵ĿаңȻ붯ôİ֡
ĵĿ⿴ַ㣬¶һĨȵɫȻҲû뵽Ľ
ô֪ģʵ
չַһЦʹĸΪһֱӴͺôŪôأˡ
ַ㸽ĵĶߣΪʦ֡
˵ַ꣬ЦŽƿȴǣƬ̲ŻĿַһۣһϵ˶ܡ
ƺַĻľ֣ﾣҶľ֣ᾣ֮⻰Īô
ʣսռλãⳡս֣пǷʤˡƽ˵˶˵ͷҵʵ䲻羣ҺݼңȻϾңҲҲǿߣھǿһ˲ֵ£˵һսʤʤȻҪ
߳˾˵츳ھˣټ裬սǷǳġȺҵڶսˣɵаȻ֮߳ʱǶΪһսĽѾעˣҵǿ߳ˣһս
ʵҲȺԤϵǰ㣬ڶսǷʤң֡
ңϧ÷ǳҲҪսʤ
ʧȥȨ嶼ҪˡȺа൱ս˭µһս˭ռȨǾʤ˵һڶͿһˣҲûϵȴԷ֡
һУΪһƶı䡣
սֱѡһ˳ȻѾⳡս֣ҵĿҪˣʵ¼ҵսãûϵˣԸ¼ҡ
ʤˡҵ˿֮Եڶս÷սΪңк֣аʦ֣аƺȽʵȻҲһսֻҪаһսʤѾע
һսʤףȻ˭˲һΣա
ֵܣаֵܣлˣԺʲôҪ󣬾ܷԸʱҵǿ߶źԼа΢΢֣ɽ콣ֵʱĸо˼ǿѹãаסˣþֱӳܣҲǷҴһɣԸңսȫʤսȻ󾣼ѾǷս֡
Ȼҵʤȴѹȫ¼ңҵڶҪսĶ֣ǣоһɼвѹǡ
Ϊһս׼ɽ콣ȻܱҵҰȴ¶ҺʹˣǱΪ׼ˣΪ¼ҵĶ֣ѹ¼Һܣǲ˽ĿǣϣǵԮҲܺаһΪ¼Ҷȡʤ
˵ڿն뿪ߣûƬսǰ¼ҿ֮أȺҲǰڶսֻ֣Σܷ¼ҵĿ
һУپҵƿأҲ¼ҵƿأû֪ݼҵȺУһ۵ʦֵܣĿһС
һսֻ̨ǳаʦֺûгսʵս˶Ϊҽѹ¼ңȻַȴоѹС˺ܶ࣬ס󣬸ûκ⡣


2102 ׹
ڶսĵص㣬¼ҿ֮أͷһ¼Ϊս̨ΪļΣʹ֮ڿգΧս̨ǰ֮ˣվԶս
ʱҷǵɫҲΪһսʧǱһЩһսҪˡ
һս˭аձʤһλǿ߻عʵ
ȵȿɣ¼ȳˣ˭Ӧ֮˿˵
Σ¼ҵ󣬽֮һҪǾҵġ
֣֮˿¼֮Ҳ֣ͬգѾ˵һսս֮ˣ㣬¼һļ֮һȻսȴ¶Ц⣬Ȼ㣬ôһսûˣ¼ҳˣҲû̫գҽǿ˼̽ҡ
ңһŶ֮˳ս̨ʹ΢ȺеĶǿߣڷ֮ʱ⣬ȻȴףǾǿߡ
¬ӣ빳£ͷ䣬ҪˡȺͷһ
㣬ǲУս̨¼֮˺΢΢ͷ¬ӵȻ̤󣬿ֲг¬ɶȥȻȴ빳ֱ꣬ӴƳԴͬʱ˫ĲĹа⡣
αˣͬʱϺɱ赲Է۾ϣս̨Ʈȥ磬ȻսֱӷⳡսѾǱذܣҪյսûҶһʤ
һ֮¼Щˡаҵõ˵һʤ֣ȨȫУ˴ξ׼˾޴ĴۣЩﶼ˹һǾұļ˶ŶԸݼҵˣ˶óݼңǾҪĿ꣬һ󣬲ǳ
ڶս߳Ǿұҵһλܳھǰˣ¼Ҳò¼ҵڶǿһս
ȻһսܣҲΪ⣬ֻҪԷȳ˵սȫ£ʤʤ㹻
ʱ㿴ڶս¼γˡ
¼ҷֻһɮ˳ɮЩȻɫͣΪͨ
˭ȺĿ΢£ɽǣûһ¼ңȻɮˡ
Ī¼ⳡս׼ǿս
ԣ񾣼ҵĵδ¼ҽǿսսĻ»ǻܡ
¼Ƿ͸ղŵķһ֮ǿڣ
Ⱥ˽˿̾ȴЩΪˣⳡսӦ˭ϣ
Ǿҽܳ˷ֱΪϡõڶʤ֮ǰǲܳսģϺ;˭ȥսһ֡һλ꿪ʵ
¼һǿһûгսҪԣǵĵƲⳡóĻûܹԸ¼ҵһˣҲ˵һ¼ȳˣҪ˳Ǿͱذɣһһս֪¼һûصǿߣԣǱҪһơ
ɡƽĵһսҲҪ
ãȥɡҵǿ΢΢ͷþϳս
Ǿϣʦʤ𣿡¼ҵǿɫأţһٰܣ¼ңˡ
֪ԣվŵԼäȷ¼סˡ
ϺͰս󿪴ϣټͨսǿʢ£Ӧ䣬գ̤ʨͬգͬʱֳն֮أ䲻ȴնعսһЩʱվ޷ֵסѪ󣬰ܵúܲңͷβ㱻ѹš
ǿȺɫһɮ˾˵ûУսʤ˲࣬ңǿңҲͼѣ˵ûмʤˡ
ãʦ¼ǿϽԶ¶˲Ц⣬һս춨¼ҵʤˣܹ
¼ңҵɫÿѵ¼ҵҲ޷ᵽô
һսɡֻһӰͬɨս̨֮ϣϢȡ
ȥ¼ҷһϢ죬ˣͫ¼ʵһˣͤ
ͤáҿͤȻսɵâѾΪذܣû뵽ͤ˳嶯̤˳ȥһֻҪͤһսԾϣ
ͤ¼ҵɫһǿ¶֮ɫƺо˲ԣȻʱͤѾ̤ս̨Ķˡ
˵Ķ£Էݣ¼ҵɫʱѿѪ𣬴óѪ֮ɱΪ뿪һ̫ͤ嶯ˣǸղŵ˷ܶʱȻ޴棬Щ⣬֪ѪǱͤһսһʧˡ
ǣֻϣܹͤսʤѪˡ
Ѫͤ˵ǿߣѪɽ콣ͤ¼һһˣ˵ײǳң˭԰ܣҵĴսʹƬ󲻶ϵըѣǵʵѪȻʤͤȻͤһսһֱţʱţ˶ͤҪˡ
Ѱ·ҵ¶˿˿ЦǻΪⳡսҲҪˣȻȴû뵽·תͤϣ
Ȼսûг漣ѪͤͤɳȥڿѪʱһˬʴЦֻһǿߵĵһսֵ¼ȳˡ
ԣ¼ȺɫѿͤҲ¶֮ɫǴѪɫ԰ס
ȥ˰ɡ¼ǿ߶ͤ˵жͤЩʧ־磬˳嶯¡
һսǸ˭֡
մʦһУֻܿˡͤĿ⿴յͤսܣҪһսܾս֣û˰գϵ¼ҵĿҲ
յʵ̫˽⣬˿ֻ̣ܼϣգΪ¼ңûܹǿ
ġսŲһ̤ս̨֮ϣһλɮˣȺͫ΢΢£Ҳ˷֮ЩһԮǿߣһսôȡ
ǾҽҪ׼ݼҵսһսˡ˵Ŀⶼ򾣱һսһսʤߣӵƿȨ
áݺᣬ粽ֱӳչȥƹ·춼ڶŭ
ƶ˫ϵ򣬷ƴơȺֲͷ𺳣ޱȿ񱩵ѹշѹնȥ¶֮ɫһսʤһ
ջ࣬ͬŷ𣬴ɽ֮䣬ɽӿһŷ֣˫ֺʮǧ
á¼ǿ߿ƣâϣ
ʼӡݻһУѹȥһ̣񷶼û
ڣ죬ڣֻйŷ֮ѹȶȥϵײ顢ֹ屻÷ɳ˼֮أһĻҵֻоͷ·һѪ㣬ãһƣǾ
¼ҵٶʧܣ


2103 ϰ
¼ҵǿֻо޷ĳ֮У޷սܣʲô档
ң⣬˼λЩҪ¼ھأȻƺ˼մʦ¼ңңԸ¼Ҷȹ˽٣ս̨ʱǵŵģȻ˿̣ڳ׵ķ¡
ջص¼ӪУֻ¼ҵǿ߷׷վԼ΢΢ϵĸлһսлλˣλκ¼ҶȻӦ
󣬶¼ҶԣǳҪס
¼ңЩ֮ˣޱȣ¼ȨֿɼȻȴٰһҺ¼ҵ󣬶뾣Ե
ֻǵĿⶢԼˣЩİͣʲôˡ
ǣΧ˶עհ֮ǰаЩƾճ֣ǰɽǣûгֹôЩǵʵɽǵˣĬĬ
һУͬһ㡣
ݼ֮˼ˣֵģ˵ǣͬҺ¼ҶסԼ󣻵ĵǣңϧһݼҵĿɣݼҰܣΪҵ֮ݼұȷԼ¼Ҹ䲻ⳡս
ݼҿʱ֮˷׷Ӷȥʱ˵ĿȫݼǿϣһǿѹֱݼˣңضȫݼϾսݼҡ
˶֪ҵ渮֮ˣסȽûгս֮أΪ˭֪
ߡݼ֮ɫأ׷˸ȥʱ˶̤һսݼҵĿݼҿĹ
֡а֣һȥɡ֮˶źǿ˵΢΢ͷȻҪȥġ
ͬ¼ңҲǰȥһۣˣݼҵĿ֮ǰС
һս½ΪҾʵһս

ݼҿ֮أһƬ޴ԭοУ֮УҷȺڿ˾׵ˣǶڣҲȺ֮С
ٽĿݼҷǿǰȥ渮е룬Ҳˣ츳ҶˣҲ֮⣬ݼң뵽ɽǼλǳ
˵ݼңȳ˰ɡңǿƽ˵ǰսʧ޻˵Ψнݼˡ
ھҵ֮УĿ⳯ԶȥľӰ֮Умʧ䣬Ҳм̣Ĳô
£õɽǣȻɱδվھԵľ׵Ȱοһ
û£ľ֣˴κݼ֮սν֮ս̤ս̨ݼܲһȰ
³ĬݼȥݼȺַ㣬Ļʲôô
ַƸоʲô͸գ˾£΢΢ףʹþ½ëָоַ㣬ʶľ
룬һսοʱĿϣⳡս̫ҪóȻ£ݼҵĿȫѹⳡսˡ
ҪȳˣҺȷʤֵ֣ܹһʤˡ˵ɫأ˾׺;Ƚ֮⣬һˣͬ渮֮ˣңҲ渮ǿߡ
ҲζţǱߣλ渮ǿߣһߣ⣬һλǿߣͬˣǣȳˣңȫռ
Ҷȥ԰ɡڣݼҾҶսһ֡
Ҷ츳ҲΪȻһ־ұȻܷҶذɡš
ӹһλǿ߽ս̨֮ϣȻǾȽ֣˶ףѶ
Ƚ渮ˣҶʤ
ʵȷˣҶܵúܿ죬Ƚֻƾ㽫ѹƵģҵĿĺȷλ渮ǿߣȷսʤ
ڶս߳һλԮǿߣҶΨһɽȡһսֵʤ
սһʤһȻƣȴԵøΪĽ
սݼңξ˭ս
һսܣսͱҪʤȻݼңûܹ˵ѹƵ˾סݼҵǿ߷ս̨Ѿ;ôˣǣûõǿߣûȨǰղս֡
ַĿ⳯¼ҵķȥգʱ΢΢˵ͷ
ˣӹֻһԵӰݼ߷սӰϳſֲ֮·ͬһս㡣
ݼҵĻԸݼҳսս˵ʹݼͫ΢΢ˡ
Ŀ⳯¼ҷȥ漴ֻ¼ҵһλǿ߿ڵ֣ǸղŰ¼ʤֵմʦʦܣԿš
˻ʱĿһâղյǿǶС
ãȻֶԸ֣ݼҸмսʤݼңȻл
ⳡսͽˡ
ݼҵǿ߷׷˵ս΢΢ͷ漴Ų̤ս̨
һߣ˵ɫȴΪյʦܣȺ֮ˣĪǹô
ʦˡң׶Եǿ΢΢ͷʦܣʵǳǿټԷʵһҪֻҪһս£һ򣬱ʤɡ
¼ҵķ򣬿˳֣¼ҵǿ߶ѵ渮֮ˣٽʵǳ
֮⣬ңֻʣ¾һλ渮֮˰ɣʵ
û¼΢΢ͷǺ⣬ʱش
ˡ΢΢ͷĿս̨򣬶ս
£롣ս̨֮ϣսǿ߶սڵȻȴս¶һĨЦ⣬һս䡣
˵գֻһԾ¼ҷȥһĻֱӴˣ¼ҴˡݼҴˣҵˣסˡ
ô䣿
һ̣ݼ˵ɫѵ˼¡
֣Ǻ⣿ֻݼҵǿ߳¼ҷͶȥһͬӰĺâ¼ҵգɫÿգô
ֻɫƽޱȣĿ⳯ݼҵǿȥڵսλαߣѾֻʣһλս֮˰ɣҶݼҵĿݼҶ˾ҵĿǡ
˻ȺϵЦ΢΢£ûѾûʲôˣݼҵЩҵ˰ݼȥҵĿأ
ʱ򣬸ν⣿


2104 ľ֮
Ⱥһﵽʲôˣʲôʵǰ¼ңǰ¼סŵʵӹɡ
ţݼҵĿ֮أǣΪҪݼҵʱ򣬾Ȼһ䣬⼸ǽݼ˾սϣҶȡʤֻҪڶһʤݼҵĿǹˣңǿ֮ˣףûгս˭ܵס
ˣ˵ᾣҵĿݼ֮ɫȴѿԼҵĿػˣζᾣҵĿңĶ˾ҵĿֵݼһ¼Һͷأǲһƺ⾣ҡ
еϵݼҵֻȥ룬ºսȻ⿴Ƽܡ
սˡʱǿߵĮ˵һǿ̤ս̨һսûþϣΪǻһ˿ϣϣ辣׳ս£սݼҵĿһ֮ҪҵĿǾҲе֡
Ȼݼֻᣬһս渮սԾԵշѹ֮ƣȡ˴˴սʤĳսսʤսܣֵصʱֻ̣ʣһս
ɣһսսˣݼң룻ңǾףǽײĹ
룬һжˡʱݼ˵Ŀȫϣ룬ݼҵϣһս̫ѣȻǰܲ𣬵ʵǣ׵ʵȷҪǿᣬףͬܲԣݼңƺܲסˡ
뵽⣬ͷʱ쬵ģݼңҪӵ˼ǧô
񣬲սҲҪսѡ񣬱ȫһ棬׵ķĿ⣬
ȵȡҪ̤ʱ򣬲Զ¼Ӫٶȿˡ
üͷ΢΢£Ŀһһʲô飬ղţΪǺΪݼҲŽһʤó
ղδĿ⣬漴ĽŲ΢΢̤ǰȥ򾣼֮ˡ
ľܳô
նž֮ʵĻ΢£оԽԽˣΪַľҲľ
ǣѵʶľ
ҵǿȴüͷţҶľԼȥˣҳ֣ʵȴǱںУǵȻ˵
ľ᲻֣Լ⣬ҾҺθɣҵǿһ
ľ֣ҵȲǵ֮ȷľ֣ǽȫݡ¡ңᾣ֮մأϲޱƽĻ˵üͷ¶õɫ
ҵһλǿ˵Ŀڣǽ˭Ҫսҷ㡣
ճĬĵ˵ͷĿ⻺ת˷ҷֻ֡а̤彵ǰգŷ˵ԸңᾣҿңԸô
һġȺһĻͫ£ԭЩİͣ츳սǿİ֮ˣһġ
һ̣˭ó֮£ǱѰ
֮¶âվĿ⿴źֵ֣ܣǣʲôϵ
аǣҵʦܡƽ˵ʹ÷˷â˸аյʵѾĿãǣǺֵʦܣаˣǳ𾴺֣ζţֵʵ»Ҫ¡
뵽⣬ͷȣǳ֣мĿܶᾣҿ
ã˴αɽļȻֵԸҵȻȫϡˬӦ
ֶ΢΢ͷĿ¼֮ˡ
ʦֵˣԸ¼Ҷᾣҿ¼ΪΣҲʵ
Ȼû¼ҵǿЦŻӦû£ܾܾ
ʱҵˣɫüΪѿǾҡ
ףһսΣݼҵĿҵǿ߱˵оҵĿΣˣû뵽ȻһȺ˶׳н
á΢΢ͷ
Ȼʱֻնݼ˵ҵҲԸݼҶᾣҿңݼؿݼңԸһΡ
ݼҵǿĿ⿴գݼһΣ
ݼҵǿ߿ڵ
һսǵˡƽ˵ʹݼͫ£ݼҵ֮սô
˵ʵ羣ףսذܣңһܣ֮ݼҾûܹõóֵǿˣҵȶᾣҿʱݼƾʲôһ෴ݼǣһսˣݼңɿ־󡣡
ռڣʹݼ˶һĬãֻһʵǴһս˭֣
ҡֻһ
漴Ŀ⻺ת¼ҷ򣬱㿴һλϹӽͣ˳˫Ŀ۾ϢƽôһǿĴڡ
ݼ˿ŽäǳĬݼҵĿˣϹӽô
Ҳͬ⡣˵
㲻ͬ⣬ݼҵ飬գֻݼҵģݼҿᣬûȥһᾣҵĿôԺ󡭡Į˵һ
ãһսǡʱһλݼҵǿ̬߱
үүɫһ
˵ĶԣʤİգǺܴ󣬼ܣܶᾣҵĿսɡƽ˵ݼˣĬ
äŲ̤֮ϣͷβôͨңǸϹӡ
ˡ׵ĽŲһ̤֮ϣ̼䣬Ƭ·ڶ󷨵ƿأǳǿģⳡսƺǲԳƵս
˵漴ֻŲǰ̤ȥ¡¡Ŀֻһŭ񷣬漴Žäȥ
ʱ򣬽äҲˣ峯ž׳˳ȥƽޱȣʱ硢⡣
ֱ֣Ӹգŭնϣ쵽Ⱥ۾޷ϡ
ÿ죬͹һ
Ⱥе뷨ЩϽäĶҲˣޱǿϢͬ˰ͷţͬʱ죬Юǰɱ˳ȥȻʱ򣬽ä˫Ϲ˵۾ͻȻˣһ貵Ĺ·ֱӸ۾ϣ۾ҪϹ
ͷݺݵһʲô굱жȫǹ֮δüͷš
һ̣ҵǿͷȫһȻվס
ʱû˲𾪣ǵĵģǾס
⻮һе谭Ҫնǹ֮ѪȾգµʱ򣬾׵С嶼նˣѪţҵǿѾǰȥ׽סɫࡣ
ѪסֹѪʧ˵ĶǿЩˣ˭
ǣǺˣҵǿ߶ŽäǣȺˣվҵļƻױƻңȺǿ꣬Ҫҿ
ֻһӰ̤վգž֮ˡ
֣ľʦ
գľȡնľʦ
аľʦ
һӰ̤վ֮ϣľ֮ɽ


2105 
ţľ֮Լ
ľʦ
˽ľ˳塣
Щս׵ľӣǣΪľ
ľӣΪûʸ뾣½ľǿƶɽǣľŭ
һ̣˽ԶףǣΪľ
֮ˣȻҲףЩˣΪľ
ʱҵȺһɫ࣬ѹ֣һȺİǿߣҵļƻ״ƣΰܱңҪһУľ
ȻľʵǿΪΣȴһȺǿĵӡ
ʱĳȣһȺ绪ïֻ꣬о΢ЩʪԭˣǣľӣΪľľһĻȻܸ˰ɣľģ
ʱݼҡ¼ҡˣԶ񰵲һ̤յӰǾЩĽľһȺ˳ڵĵӡ
Ϲӽͣһ⣬ն˾ҵĵһﾣ׵СӣѤһ޷ĨȥЩУûбϹӽ͸ǿˣ
պ꣬ʵΣ
΢΢ţݼҵʾһˣܹ̤渮ڼ޾Ŀɽ˲֪ףһȻֻһ
һǰţĽ֣Σ
벻ȥ룬۾˿Щ˴ӺζΪ
貵һ룬ˣԸɽУ֮⣬˱УȻһ㽫Ը÷飬죬Ҳ˵ľ֣Ȼû֪ʲôˣһȺӡ
ľʦ
򵥵ĸ֣ȴջصȺԺлصòϢ
ݼҵȺ棬ĵһֱַ㿴š
ǶʦֵܣĶַַ;µĶԻλ᲻ףַ㣬ҲǵеһԱ
ַ΢΢ͷĿȴžңңô
ԼظоȺһĺñ̬аһնɽ콣Ϲӽͣһ˾ס
ڶַʵ˺档
ʱ֮Уֵ˰գֻǵԶ˾ˡ
սݼʤݼƿءһݼ¶һĨõЦ⣬ǿŵģڳ£ݼңסˣһΣǶĶˣ˵ģ㣬ǣûκһ෴Щɲ֡
ɽļ֮Լݼҡ¼ҡңսңᾣҵĿƿȨֻ˵ʹþҵȺɫѿ˼㣬ȺһЯƣҸ޵ֿ֮
սض
ˣҳĬսǻս
㾣ڡȽڣҲһܡ
ȺеĺֵˣǣΪľô
ʦľ뾣ֹҲˣƭ£αװٵԼȴʦں֮УоһʹȺɫһľں棿
ʲôɫ󾪣ɫ˲ò԰Ŀ⿴һλ꣬ȵǸ˵Լ
ǿɫѿԶԡ
ѹ֣ѹ˿϶ľ֣Ǻúݡɫ࣬ŭںޣû뵽Լƭ
£ǶΪáµĸǰ˵
ΪҺã¶һĨЦݣΪҺãǺǡ
ʱĿֵˣ˵ҪΣ
ʦˣ⣬ƾµȥǱþ¿˵ʹþ˺ܲû뵽գȻһвȻǵ츳ǿȻңǱϾֻһȺ󱲶ѡ
˼ĬˣӦҿαסӦĻұ;սܣپһȺвǰľΪ潫Ȼ޴棬˺ݺݵĴңԺɽ㣬ǣɽǿҡ
һƬĬ˶ڵȴҵĴ𰸣ңɽǵһңЭ
ʱ俼ǡʱֻһλҵǿ߿ڵ
ֵüͷ΢壬˲ˣһ仰ѣʱ䡣
ˣҾҾΪҪ٣սƳʱ䣬ݡ롢ҲԸʱ䣬ҲֻбȻϣòҪˣϾҾҲЭ˵սӵˡ
ҵǿûٿǣǴӿ֣һ֣ûвǵʱںģǿ
ңգشֵ⣬Ҫʱ䣬ơ
ˣĿⶼеĺǣϾʵᣬһУҪȺ
ãʱ䣬ʦκβ⣬ӴˣǽÿõһҪҲ䣬вǵľһľ֣½û֪ǵıһң㲻
֮ڣһ𸴡˱˵漴ȫվȥܿ죬ʧߣҲȥˣҪȥ
̨ɫҲôÿȻٵ죬֮󣬾Ҷܲˡ
ֵܣʱܿ죬ʦľƽһطϢհɡ
մʦҲذɣ죬¼Ҳþ֮ꡣ
ҡ¼ң룬ЩܺǼĺ󱲺úýһܴٽ󱲵ĳɳǶˣοһ
ݼҵǿҲ̤ǰǰֻڵλſɽǣȴδܵݼңʵź֪ǷпգǰݼݼҲдһԸл֮
ݼ˵Ļ䳯ԶַǿһۣȻַûг棬ȻݼҲôӣҲûҪȥݼҡ
ַڣݼҲˣɺԭһɡ
ˣǻǸطҺ¼Ұɣ֮󣬻ݼҰæ
λݼסݼȻᾡľ־ȳֻǸλݼͣϧ̾Ϣ
ȵȳʦľûлǰȥֿ˵˼䣬漴Էء
˷׷ȥݼҵҲȥݼȺļ˵ʲôȴֶˣݼҵˣַҲǺеһԱȻַԼ˵ҲסˣԼ뷨ɡ
졣ʱַ૵ֻٵˣϣܹȷѡɡ
ͬʱݼҵš
룬죬Щ㶼Ǿžޣ⼸лᣬǰȥ¼ҺͷдһҲá
ȷЩˣҶо̾
뵽ʲô㣬Ŀ⳯ȥ漴ںһַϣ΢Цַ㣬˹սǷоЩջ񡣡
ַĵ˵ͷ
޼ַʦʦȻҲͨһЩȻҲҪ£գҲǳһЩʶˡЦ˵һԱߵ£뿪ڣȻվʲôҲû˵


2106 Ϣ
ݼң磬ַϥǰһӰٵıţͬ㻮ҹ·ԶͣϢ
Ȼ䣬ܵӰͻȻ䳯ǰ¡һֲշŷ΢΢£ȭͷǰ·һֲУг׵ıѿƷԪضڱѣɼһȭжôĿֲңȫ
ơʱַһǾ޴У³һʱӰĶȻ仯ƻѤĹ켣һƬƬӰΧķڿ͵ĺХ۶Ȼδȫ۵ʱȴɢȥʹӰڵϣ¶һĨǷϵɫ
ԶԶ㽫֮󣬲ܹԦ壬뷢ӳȫԶǾ˼ڣӰĿ⿴ˣ΢΢ͷȻǱַռţʥûʶԺ׿ƣǿƲڼԦٶȻܷӳʥٶȺĻ겻ǿֻܿϵԼեȡϾʥһȭȥҲȭͷȥҪöࡣ
Ҽ˵ͷ漴ٶȿϤǾ壬ַһӹʥзصУʱһâ
ʱңڽһҵ׵Ѿ࣬־磬ֻҪױлָȻںܳһʱ䣬ܵǰʵˣϾնϵһ̺Ĺ֮
ϣģʱ˵Ŀⶼھҵһλϣλʥеһλ
ףʦҪԴҵ϶žʵ
ϼһθڱȽϴ󣬶Ҫһ壬Ҫ֮һԴ׻Ӧ
Ļʱ˶˿úݣ֮һҪǾҴѪ
δ̫Щ罫ľȥʧЩ棬Ҳڶ֮һ󡣡˿˵ȻΪ֮ͬһĿԴֲ̫ˡ
常˵ˣϼһȻҪһ壬θȻҾҵ֮һĿ׻ĿڵʹöԷͫ£˼ǣὫû
ȻʱǺ֣Ҿֻ׬⡣ĵһܵңȻϣ䣬ľȥ
ܷƵˣ
ʦ̰Ҳ̫֣ңɽǿ壬ҪĽǿԴѡ׻
ʦǴӦ֣һʤȺôϾǵսǷǳ
İɣֻҪʦӦ֣ЩʦֵһЩǿҲңѾ˳ֹˣϹӽͰʵҲһ˶ѣڻûгֹ룬ҵʦûһ˱һһսǿһֶĻһλʦֶΪ׼ˣһ˱Ժɨǡ
ƽ˵ʦֵʵжֲϵΪΪҲ޷붯ʦ
׵Ļҵ˶Ĭˣʱһλʵףô죿
½֮ɱľһʱգʱ䳤ˣȻ͵ˣԺлᣬҽܸ˺ʶ׿˵ʱһĬ˵Ŀ׷׿򾣼ҵϣһж󶨶ˡ
ڣҵһâž׵ʦѶһĴ£Ӧɽǿ壬ҵʱֳɽǵһҾңʦǰɡ
áҲ¶âͷ±㽻Ұɡ

ľݡ¡Ȼַ֪ͺ֪ͬʱֻڰĵʱ١
ڻʣһʱ򣬾ϢﵽңǾҵս󣬶ңսص㻻һɽǵĳսǾҵĿ֮أƺһźţҾңؿˣ޷Ⱦָ
Ϣݵ壬ҲɽǣʱɽһƬȻǰսΪ˽̸ֵ۲ݣ˶֪췢ʲô֪ľ֮Ҳ֪ľŵӣȻʱ򣬾ңȻѡ˽սңʲôƣԸľЩӣ
ˣĿԴȴⳡսϴοäʵˣΪڴϴûпˣͬڴΪϴδգһΣһٴҲⳡսҲǰսΪʡ
ݼңҵַ㣬ַӼеõϢʹַüͷȻϣܹ򵥵ķ˳ʦӪȳȻңƺԸֻᡣ
һʲô𣿡ַʵ
ûˣǿǾףѾܵôңҲսҪ˵ΨһеĵطǸ޴ȥѰҰ֣ȻЩʦֵܵʵһİָûãɽҲҲˣǡ
뵽ʲô㣬üͷ΢΢
ʲôַʵ
֪׺һ渮֮ˣȻһЩ뵽ģֻ渮ˣþϵܹ붯渮֡ķ˵ʹַһݣȷֿܡ
쵰̨˵֪͸Ƕȡ󡣡
ôףҪʱ䣬ѵΪĸֱӿս𡣡Į̇һۣͷ˵ǲӡ
ߣ渮ΣһȭĄ̊́ϴûս̨˿Ǵ
˸£̨Цͷʵô
ǾףӦû̫⡣̨ЦԴʹһͣ죬ѾɽˣһȻ˵ܾӦû⡣
أգգ۾Цַָ̨̨ƺһֱȽַĻܻܾףַ㡭
̨ͷЦŵһʵ˵ҲǺ
ıӵĿ̨һۡ
ַ㣬ġʱֻԱߣҶԼ·ߣŲ˹
Ҷӽ㡣ĺһþнЩϾݼҵĵλǲҶģǰַ̨ǰô⡣
Ҷ΢΢ͷûٿǶַַ㣬ûд˳֮ստ»һս˵ûʲôϵȻʱ»Ľ棬ܶԸ⣬һȥɡ
áַ΢Цŵ˵ͷȻҪȥġ
ҵҪκڡ̨ĵ
̨Ļ¶һĨмɫ̨Ϊһܣ
Ȼ̨
ҡҡͷ漴Ҷȥĵ˴ξҼȻҽսǻѾ޴۴渮ˣ渮ǿ뽵ɻսܡ
Ϊ渮֮ˣñȽ͸ǾҪ붯渮ˣ½Ҫ޴ĴۣҲǾұ˾·֮ǰһΪƾһܹɽǣûкǲ֣еֵĿܡ


2107 渮ǿ
Ϊ磬渮컹ǱŰôҡ̨ıӰĮ˵渮Ҳѡ
̨ɤűʹȻûùֻȻתĮɨ̨һۣȻݼҿܻ渮վڶ棬ΪҵԵʣ渮ݼұûìܣ渮ˣȻ渮
ˣ׵ģΪ˶ϹӽôЦ˵˾䣬漴ҶҶӣݼңô˶͡
˵գ̧ŲԶȥҶЦ£عͷǸĿַһۣϾַݼҵĿˣȻվû˵ʲôȥȻַиʦʦȻַĵλȻܺȣ渮ˣֺأܲס
Բѡ̨뿪бŰϢ뽫Ű
ûʲôƽϵġַƽ˵˿ŵģΨľѡգ
˾ңȻָأѵþľô
渮ֻβ뵽µУ
һУ޷֪Ψеȴ
һʱ䣬ƺñȽ㣬ڶһ磬ַ̨Ĵݼҵľۼ֮أʱ׼
ݼҵǿߵʱ򣬷ַ̨Ѿˣɵ¶һĨɫǰЦֶַ׷Ȼġ
֪ߵغѡԣ˵ʹ£漴¶һĨɫĿ⿴ŮҶ
ҶЦ£Լ򵥵Ľյ飬˽֮ʲôûԣ֮󣬶ûٺַ˵һ仰
һӰڿգɽԼķ˸ȥ¼ҺͷҵҲ֮ǰˣ֮⣬ΧƵռ䣬ȺΧơ
ݼҲˣʣ¾ˡ˿ݼҵԶ¶â뽵ǰܾҵĺֵҲˣΪľգӦԣ
֣սǷѾ˺ѡֻݼһλǿĿ⿴˷ǰĺ֣ʵӱֱ֣ӳƺ֡
һ˭սɡƽ˵Ŀַ⳯һۣ¶һĨĵǣǾҲľǸΡ
ԺλʦֵܵʵȡʤݼҵǿߵЦ˵һսǾ붯渮ǰҪսʤңҲûǰ򵥡
ҵ˵ˡڴʱԶĿռȥֻһǿҵϣԽ٣쾣ˣסȽȫڡ
֮УĹߴ֮£ӳȺϣżů⣬ȻȴоѾ˺ˮҲ֪ǷΪĳЩڴ
ңսôֽŲǰ̤һɫˮƽȻģȴ
սҵǿߵ˵һʹú˿̨շս̨֮ˣΪĿġ
һɱ֮չ֮£ȴ˸о˿˿ĺ⣬ⱻΪʦֵĺ֣ȻǸӰɡ
ɱ֣ҵ¶һĨ̵Цǣɡ
ǵЦΧȺᵽһƲͬѰϢʱԶһĿŭֲ֮֮ǹɿµѹҪ˵嶼ѹſ¡
ǿʲôޡȺԶֻӭ̫һֲľ޹ʨо޴ԵޱеİԵ׹˸оĲ
ӽޣ޵ʵúˡ
аţĿ֮վŵˣãˡ
˫ԵˣۣǷվ֮ϣƸ۵Դϵһλǿߣֶԣ֮䣬Ϊ
ͫϵƶ΢΢ŤңȻˣټˣһսҵˣذܡ
ȻˣңʲôۡȻܹ붯
ǰ֮ˣֻо΢΢ţ渮ǼǿһȻ˵վʾ۷λõҲôļ˶ѣԴ֮ϰصǿߣһˣӦΪ׼ŶԣȻɽǡ
ݼ˿Լķɵͫ£ƺҲʶʲô㣬ʵ
˭
渮ӽ޵ʵļ֮һɫ£˵
޵ʣ޵гƺţΪ츳һЩ˾絽ˣ̤˴۾Щ̬ǿߣ绹ûṳۣ̂ȴѾɱˣһӽ޵ʵˣ۶Ҫ󡢺
ַ޵ʼ֣ɵ޵ĳƺţ޵Ӧú޵һ޵˷ǧƣǾ絽һ̶ȣȻ޵ʣеı׼Ψһս
û˸˵Լĳһ޵УŶ˵½̫󣬾̫㣬£˭ܾ޵Уԣһǿߣ˳ƽӽ޵У½ӽĳһ޵еĴڣζʸ뵽֮С
ӽ޵ʵĴڡݼλɫ£漴ֻҲڵͬΪʣȻҶȱɱͨ۷
Ҷȱǿ渮֮УǾް԰Ĵڡ
һһԣݼϵ鴤ţҾȻôһҪᾣҵǲˡ
أ
ҲһսҲòˣȥսɡ뵭˵ѾᾣҵĿЩˣҲѡ
Ļַɵüͷ΢΢£Щֻ̫ǣȻǿȴ˽ô棬渮߲ӰУ򣬾ҵĻζõ
һ㣬ַ뵽ˣݼҵһЩϼһҲ뵽ˣʱѾ˼ң׸ʲôۣǷǣݼҽȥ
Ҫ渮Ծһùϵ淢ʲô飬ϣܹǵʹ渮ݼҶ֡ݼҵǿš
ʱ޽ھ˵ǰʱ˷׷ǰкһĻɽǵҲʶ߷ǱѰ
Ҷȱʦ֣û뵽ɽǣ֪ұǰӭˡʱԶ֮ϵҶȱ΢΢˵
Ҷȱʦ֣˴ǰɽǣݼҶȫдҶȱʦֲҲͬҶȱ΢΢֣ǳһĻ˾ԣ渮ˣǶһͬ˿ֻ֤ͬǲһ


2108 
ҶȱԼĿ⳯ݼҵķһۣĵ渮֮ˣ֮£ǲҪˡ
ʦ˵ǡԼ΢΢ͷ
һĻ롢֮˵ɫÿ˹Էһ仰ǶΥ˴ս׼ռһȻ˿̿ǲսˡ
Һ¼֮˵ĿͶ˺Լյˣ֮սЩ
üͷҲ΢΢£漴Եķǿߵ˴ξʱ䣬ֵȳ˰ɡ
Ҷȱ˵ĳúҲоһѹäաаѾս֮ˣַ㣬Ӧܱ֤ʤ֣֣Щ̨˵ӦҲһȻȴҲо԰գˣǺˣȻһЩ
ӦõġҵǿӦһ漴վ˵ⳡսǰУȻս죬սǷþȳˣ
ҶȱĿ⳯ŷǿȥƽƹһĨĲмȺ󡣡
渮Ტۡҵǿ΢Ц˵
һսûбҪãȻʦԸѪ֮ɡҶȱƽ˵һ
ȺһﻹǴԲѡԶݼӪУ̨Žף䲻ס
üͷ΢΢ţɨ̨һۣ֮ܡ
ҶȱʲôĴڣɽУȻ߸ϣ˵ɽǣ渮ҲˣܹվͬһλˣֻͬΪļǴҲҪǳ˲ܺƽƽںһЩɽļһңǶҡһЩϼһҶȱ
ҡ̨ĮĻһ䣬ʹȻ䳯Ͷһâַ㽫ִ̨ļͷʾûбҪ֮渮˵Σս޷ı䣬ַΨһģľ
ִ̨˵ĽŲߵ˷롢ҵǰˣĿƽĿҶȱˣĵѪ֮ȻˣǸղǾ仰ǵĶ˭ֻҪǴҳս֮
ą̇̄ɫƽһ̣ͬһǿʢѹԶռ䴫ݣƺȺȺһҲ츳ǿǰľ֮ɽǡ
ȻǴλǿߣ渮;ףǰƺ޹⣬Ϊ׵Ҷȱˣɼ˵λ֮ߣʵ֮ǿ
ЦһսϰɡҶȱƽ˵ʱ֮ϵһ΢΢ͷá
˵գĽŲһ̤ͬһʸ㣬Ǻ嫵ս̨֮ϣһȵƹŶĺֵ˹ȥͬ㷢Х֮Ƿݺݵײںϡ
˭ƽ͸һĨɪɱ֮ʦǣɱ⣬ɽ֮ҪʤҪݺݵΪɽǵĿ׼
ǿơа֮⣬ǻ̵ĸܵһ֮渮½һΪĵطɼǿ֮࣬½Ϊġ
ֻһʱгһޱȵľ޽ɫľ޽ؽ޷棬ݺݵĲڴ֮ϣ¡һµ֮촫Ƭռ䶼ڲ֮ϣһ·棬ޱߵϢ
һһŵλ۷Ҳʾľˡа̾һսЩľĵӣ»ܲҡ
ءһսƽڣŲ̤ԣս̨֣֮ȡ£粨ĺˮƽ˵ƣƽȻ෴
Щ˵Ķʦ֣ʵӦúǿɣһսԳ֡аؽ֮
ֻ¶һĨ̵Ц촫޽б漴ĽŲźֳ˳ȥս̨֮ϣĽ̶ĦϴͬʱذԵƣƬշ·Ҫѹ
Ȼ˿̣ϵҲ䣬ŭХΧȻһɿµУֻصȻŶ
ˣֵҲ˳ȥ쫷˻𣬿ֲֻʹƬ񷶼ڱãǿµĵǵأǧصľ붼Ȼʧɫ
ֻأֻ֮Ⱥͷ𺳣Ϣ֮Уǿս˭ʤ˭Ҫս֪
ɫҲ΢˱䣬Ȼؽɣĵ·֯貵ھ޽֮ϣʹǹƸԵء
ɱһͬǧĺӰںֵԺ֮УȻһսΨз񣬲ħ̸κѹϵ޷ҡģѹıֻ֮⣬˶Է˶Է˭ܳʹ
ˣֱ۶ˣ޽ЯƺȻҳɫ䣬ֵѪ·ҪշѹѣȻֵĽҲˣֻ֮һУһֻأ壬ѾʼŤҪ뵽ֻصУٲ
ʦս˵ķ񣬿飬Ȼ˭սԵַ㿴һĻаݣһսӲᵣĺֻսܣǶʦֺͶԷʵĲܴ
ĵɶɲȺ굱УȻս̨֮ϵսȴѾƽϢĿ¶֮ɫ˿ǹɳصѹѪ·𶼲ˣȻɺתĳ̨̤ȥ˵Ŀⶼһ𺳵ӭʤ߹ȥ
ս̨֮УѾֻʣһؽѾʧˣ貵·֯һôȻˣҲ޷赲սԼ
һĻͺһĶ˦ҶȱϣҲ˦Щ渮ϣ߰ǣһսһնһλ
Ҷȱ۾΢΢һɿµɱȻɱǿҲزĵһʧܡ
ҵȺҲɫӲҳսɱˣǱϾ渮Ҷ
ݼҵȺҲסˣԼľ棬Ȼǵ飬ǸղЩҲƺԵЩЦ
渮ˣȻǿء̵̨˵һʦˬ죬ղƨ˵жء
Ȼеķζüͷ΢£ȻȷȷʵʵĨɱҲԶԣ


2109 ̨
ɱϣ渮ʣµλǿȫɱϯ̼Ƭ嫵Ŀռ·𶼱ɱ֣֮Ҷȱͷŵɱ޷ܵס岻ϵˣ󾣼ҵһЩˣͣԭء
ǿ渮ŭˡȺһݣεսΪɱ֮ս˫ɱԷ
Щ˵ʦ֣һսȻʤˣȻЩ˺ûкһҪʤ渮ɺѡаţ峡սϾŽһ̨ƺǿһ˶ȡһʤˣˣǿ渮ġ
ڶսȥɡʱ̨򣬾˫ӵУ˵һ
ƽʵӦһʤһʤַϣ̨˸ûпַһսУһҪ˼սʤ֣֮ԣȻֻ̨ʤһѾĬϵʤˣͬ渮˶ΪҶȱѾһʤ㡣
̨֮ˣǵģֻҪһʤ͹ˣⳡʤϣھϣˣֲҪһʧ
Ĺһ渮ǱҪһȵɱʤһսȥͷƵʱװˣ䣬սֶĹ˵ڶս渮ʤһ֡
áĹ΢΢ͷ漴Ųһֱ̤ս̨֮ϡ
ɱ֮ϣ渮һλǿ߿Ĺ̤սֱ̨̤һ̣ɱʵʰĹâĹɱ˹ȥֲϢԶ˶оͷҵĲš
ĹһʱһʯЩɱȻɫȴ΢΢ˣȻ䱬ˡ
ӣ渮ǿ߽Ų̤ͬһ㳯Ĺɱ˹Ȼ˿̣֮гģϵĺɱ¡¡ը֮ϣ޷赲ԷֺȻĹ˿Ѿս̨һս䡣
թ˱һɱĹɱȥЦһһնɱ
սսų򡣡ɨĹһۣ漴ص˱ϣʹа̾Ȼͬǲ²ǰ㣬ľЩӣƺЩ㣬ֻǰѾϹӽ͵Ⱥüλǿ֣߳Ҳڴ˴ζԾ׽⡣
ٱ˱ĨɱˡݼȺ֮УƽղųֵҲ渮һλţУҶȱ֮⣬±ҪԼһˡ
սˡûΪΧ֮аĶҡ
ˡֻһǿ̤վǣͬһ㣬ſµķ֮㣬ǺձַɱɵЩ֮Ǹóǿߣ񲻿ɵ
һսˡĿ⿴˾ֻ΢΢ͷַǲŸո̤սѧԺʱѾսѧԺǱ˰ڶλãֻмϣַ˱ֳµ츳ѡ˼ַӪַ̨ͬʱҲõʥʱͬдܿ졣
һȺͬһþʱ죬ѣһߴǰУ㲻Ҫ˦
̤ս̨֮ϣȺ޷˫֣ΪʼնӵУֻ̨֪ж£ɱ˵֣ɱһɱ
ˣ渮ǿ߽Ųһ̤ʱͬս̨֮ӣ·ޱͼף죬ͬʱҲͷſֲޱȵı֮ҪɱƬ񷣬ÿһ̤ƶ̺֮ϵɱҲ£žɱȥ
սٶλ渮ˣǿֲûһģʵ̫ˡ˸ܵȻܹоõԷʵжǿ󣬽Զͷš
֪λ̨ˣǺͺһǺ͵ڶһֱӶ䡣аֻ˿̣嶯ˣ˷·ð㣬翣ͥŲȻȴ·޷׽
ĲΣЩµı޷ɱ
ѡսʵҲǿ󡣡ͷ΢ЩõӰ˫ɻӵС
ɱ渮ǿ߱һŲٶȼ̤أŭХգɱһУƬնЮǧգǹɱ񷣬㲽پޱȣһҪɱ
ʱ򣬾ӵеڶˣǰ˳ȥ̼䣬յгһӰЩȻȫǾӰӵУԼӰǣ⻯ô
ն渮ǿһƻгһɨһеľ޵Ӱֱն
ȻӰͻ˷ЩӰ·Ʈõģû㣬˲뵽Էǰ
͡һûȻ渮ǿߵԣһӰʵ壬·ľֱֵ̽һĺڰ֮ذֱӳŶԷԴѶȥ
渮ǿɫ΢£ѪһֲޱնӰ˺ѣȻͬʱһ෽򣬼ΣյĸоһõӰӻʵ壬ڰ֮ذٶȴɱΣ
ùֶΣֱôӰȺͫ£һǾı𣬴˹ôԵǿᣬȻȴʤڹ죬һõӰʱܻ񣬽渮ǿߵԴ
ʱһѪⱬ渮ǿߵһֱ۱ѳһۣʹ屬ˣȻһ߾Ӱ總֮㣬ӰΡ
۾ġȺͫǱޱϣ渮ʣļλǿɫΪÿ¡һ촫ֻҶȱͬһս̨
ÿҶȱһȣ漴ֲıս̨ըѣһ˲䣬ͬѾ󣬶һըѵͬʱܴñˣѪ
̨ͫȫһϯ
ǿЦҾһЩ˲ս
һսӦѾʤ˰ɡ
Ҷȱ䵭Ŀˣĵʤʤνˣսʣһɡ
ıɡ̨޷סͷŭ𣬱һ˾ȻԲս渮һȺЦ
üͷ΢壬ͷ̨ͷŸɾЩ
Ҳث֣ΪݼսԼﵱڹ꣬Цѡ̨˵̤ɱ˵
̨һŲȻ̤Ϣ죬շѹأʨŭХɫ䣬ֻһ̤Ȼշѹ˳ȥ
һ̣ɫ˲üΪѿݼҵˣܵԼǵͷҵĲţôôǿ
¡һ֮屻˳ȥѪϢҲţǰ̨ɫ԰ס
һŰˣǰƨ̨³һ·һʹ޵ݣޱȡ


2110 ս̨Ӱ
һŰˣǰƨ
׵вϻصţȻȺܵΨ𺳣ݼˣǵ಻ţһ˫˫Զ̨
ʱ̨·ޱȿµıըϷ·һʨƣֻһȭݼҵĵһţ渮е룬ñˣѪ֮ǰݼҵ˴ûעĺӣ룬Ǽζ̵̨
֪ǰһĻݼҵͷô𺳣жôǿˣһȭͽҷ˳ȥǰһ̣뻹˵Ҫɱ̨
ĵ۾Ҳôģ²̨ʵеû뵽ôһȭˡ
Ķû뵽ҶˣǵȻ뵽ʱûлһݼңȴô죬ֻдš
ʱϣһɿµϢŰֲϢϯ̨ȥ
ŰΪֹ̨Ե˵¡һ죬̤ͬգȺֻؼȻһֲʨŭȻȴûзϣΨ̨ǰоǾĶǵĺҪ壬Ҫѵ
Юʨ̨֮ÿһϸڲžı˻δѾоһѹ
ΪݼǿߣʵҲΪֱֲշѹľ£ɺĿ¹Աߵ̨ĵĹѾؾ棬һΣ뱻˳ȥֻ֮оԼֱ۶ѵˣֱֱĴգɫ԰ֽ
һΣ̨û˵жѾ֤һС
Ϊ渮޵ĽѾȻ޴棬з·ԼݼҵһλǿߣܹԾԵշѹεȳ衣
ݼҵ˶˿潻棬ݼҵĵһţһ̨շѹ
̨ݼҲ۵Ĺͣȴӵ˵ַ̨ʦֵܡ
ȵȣԣʱҶݼ֮˷·뵽ʲô㣬Ŀ⻺ת̨ͶȥĿ⡣
ַ̨ݼҵģң̨ƺһֱַĻ̨ʵôôַأ
뵽⣬ݼҵͷ΢΢£ǵһʶַҶֻâַ㣬ԣݼҺԵַ㣬ʵΣ
ַʵֻҪ̨൱ҲˣַݼҵĴȴһٽ
̨ŭδŭһȺ۾ƨϵļһʲôƨ渮˾ǰˣ߳һҪļһһȺȴΪµһˣҲһȺ
˵ţ̨Ŀ⳯ս̨֮ϵҶȱȥĵսѰܣҪսս𣿡
ҶȱüȻ̨Ϊ룬Զûǰʸ
ͫһԭݼңҲ̨ӣľӡ
ݼҵ˴˿Ҳ˹ַ̨㣬Ҳ̨֮ˣЦǰȥݼͣȴѾݼҵַ̨ӵˡ
Ǿ£û̫⣬Ŀ⿴ַ̨㣬ϴκַйһν棬˺֮£µˣַҲľӣиоЩοǼһһȺӶǾžޣ޷ҲˣһȺ꣬ΪɽǶΪ֮
˵ˣսһˣǿˣҪҲУһ㣬渮ʲôĴڡҶȱ˵ٲ֣Էðһһ¶ֲսˣԣ򣬱ƻɣУûйɽǣûĹ
ͬڲͬĳϽӦصĹ򣬸渮Ĺɽǣй
ⳡսʤǶԲûôҪ
ڴ˿̣һĴ˵֮Ǻ֣Ļɫ΢£ĿһȥѵҪɣ
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ֵƽڣյսʤܱҲȻֳȻ渮Ҳ;һߣһβϳԼʧܣѡֱӵֶΣֻδֳֵս֤ǵжôĽҪƾʵӹΪǶôĸߴʵһδԼڴԼ
ʣٰܣ渮棬ָţǷ׼渮ѹͬʱңҲ󣿡
ֵ֮Ҳһ뷨Ҷȱٰܣңύ
û˸ҿ϶ȻҿһβԼ渮Ž٣ôˣҲܲԼǰܼɵ֮Ȼ渮أݼңҪҵĿ
ǣҶȱ
Ȼû˻ôΪҶȱôΪ渮˲ôΪҺݼҵˣԶôΪ
Ҷȱǽӽ޵ʵ
ǸղŻܵˣңվҶȱʦǰʸûУȻǣҲûС
ʱҶȱޱϣ渮˵
ЦǣǣͼҶȱҽЦЦһ˻˵Уһӽ޵ʵҶȱܣ
ս֮ǰ渮ΪԼκһ˶ܣȻȴһٰܣܵԱɵֶγ̨֡аƽڣͬ⡣
˴һ˿̣ɻôΪȷܺЦ˿˵
渮̨ˣվս̨һɺƵϢ׷׳ŶȥҺҵĶԾƺܻ渮̨ĶԾ
ڿռȺоһϢѹ
ֻҪشսǲսҶȱƽ˵
ȻսңһӡֻӦ̨ˣǵĿ⣬ôļᶨôš
ˣ̨̨̤˷Ⱥɫ΢£һս̨ô
Ȼ̨ȴ̨˵ķͣʹ¶ɻɫʱ̨ǫ̂˭ս
ʱƺˣһ۵Ӱ߳ݼҵķ̨ˡ
ţҶͫ΢΢£߳Ӱüͷ
ݼˣĿⶼǣ߳Ӱ
ҶҲǵӰ
ǵӰԽԽǰߣ̨ˣĽĿתʱȺҲע⵽ݼӪ߳۵ٶȲ죬ȴ·һɰ㣬˵Ŀ⽥ϣĿһս̨
΢£ҶȱսˣȻ
ַ㡣ĵСĸ΢΢£ַ㣬ս̨̨ˣĿȥһУƱˣôȻһ̨Ļ֪ʲôˡ
Ҷַ㣻ַ㣻Ƕ죬ôƽ꣬һΣӣң
ڣַվս̨֮ϣҶȱĶ棬ȻĿⲢδҶȱǿҶȱޱϵļӰƽǻῴЦһ㶼Ц


2111 ЦЦ
վҶȱӰôߴҲΰûзķϢ˷·ƽͣȻôվ·һжôȻ·ı̨ĿҲƽĿƽӰǴ˿ҲܰгȻƺվǸλϵˣע
̨ǿ֮ôҶ촽΢Ҫһȴԣǰ꣬ûбֹԼʵǱݼӻ䣬һΪںĿģǺ;ҵս˵ľ
ǵȻҲ㣬̨˵ķӦǱַ֪㣬Ӧ̨ǿߡ
ȻܺҶȱսô
΢΢ͬһĶ߰㣬̨ݺݵġ˦˶⡯˴˿̣ɸоģӴ֮ɽǣ룬ٷ룬˻οȻ̨ǿʵ
֮˿ַ㣬渮ǿҲַ㣬ⰲ꣬ƽױȵţγһְҶȱһΪԼܻܣźͰ渮ǿУȴǿЦͬҶǫ̇̄һЦվڲͬλãģҲȻ෴
ҶȱƯƽĿַ㣬¶һĨЦ⣺֮ͬ䣬վǰӵˣǵţնᱻ̤Ƭ
ַ㵭ĿҶȱƽûκεĲҶʦ˵ǰ㣬ʤǶԲôҪȻȴһδεҪ֤Լжôǿٰܣָš
ҶȱַĻ£漴¶һĨ̵Ц⣺㻹š
˵գֻҶȱĽŲǰ̤һʱһ죬пֲıըԵַϣоѪǶҪը
ַ֮ͫ΢£ҶȱŲ̤֮ʱշ·𶼷ҪѣѪ⣬Ҫ㡣
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Ҷȱһ̤ʱǹԽǿʢҶȱڷţַ·Ҫ顣
Ҷȱһʱ޾ֱշѹַ꣬ҪַȻַȹ̣ܹͣ飬ֻʱϵϢҲͬ޾ĽŭХַ֮Լֻһ飬ʱһ콣²ݣֲĽһУҪն
͡նַĽ·ÿռ䶼Ҫͣһ㺮ط·ֹΨһ
˲ҶȱֻҶȱϿֲ־ıϵϢԼսⶼ
ֻҶȱһָʱ־֮УնµĽϣʹ֮⣬漴һ죬㶼ɢ
ǿ
ݵһνȴ˸оһϢѹ֮Ƭսǹѹ֣ղַһն֮ʱ·ʱⶼҪͣȻҶȱϱ־ԼָĹ⻪ͬǿĲֲ
Ҷȱˣַ㣬Ҳˡ
ݼ߳İӰҲǿ̶ֳȣղһɱ۷
ңƺŽǸոտʼѣǧХַֻܣһ㣬ԶַŲǰһ̤ʱһƿգɲǵĹ⻪˸оĿѣҶȱϵϢڷıͬһزȭâշѹһУ飬ǰһжҪѡ
ȻĽӽַĽԽԽ죬һն񷣬֮Уһ貵Ĺߡ
ҶȱĽŲԽԽƿʼ˱ߣ⻷֣ÿһȭ·ǬҪնҪ飬һĿĽ⾹޷һƽնϣ渮ųƽӽ޵ʵʵ֮ǿȻӹɡ
ˣô̫Զˡ
ʱߵҶȱȴ³һƽ壬ַԽԽϿֲ֮⣬Ѿһ㡣
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ӽ޵ʣμӾȷӹšַаֻƳĴһֻٵ۹ӡһֿʼƯա
١ߡԡҡڡǰ
Ưڿգ⻷ַ㣬عķ·ڶַۣ˻ķͬʱ۶ַ㣬֮𣬽⣬򣬽Ҫ׳ƳƬأΪƿء
ÿֲϢǾԡȺͫҶȱҲо˴˿ַϢǿʢֻЦЩֶΣɸı䲻ս֡
£ҶȱƷ۹ӡ־ǣս졣
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Ҷȱ̫ˣĹѾǿ˼㣬ӳ֡
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ӡɱҶȱһշѹصǰһнҪ顣
ֵͬʱַƾ򷨺֮۳һ֮߱Լӳ֣ЮУĴ޽̨·һԾ죬һ̣Ƭط·ֹعַͬ࣬Ϊģ·ǧӰʶĿ
һ̣Ⱥ·Ҫǻײ
貵Ĺ⻪Ļս̨ϵսֻһѷֳʤŰϢɻŰһӰƽվڻϢ֮УַӰ
Ҷȱ˿Ѿ䵽ս̨֮£ſǣϵĿȳѪ̧ͷһŵĿַ㣬ƺ˿̣޷ܵʵ
ҲҶȱ૵ַûܵĲһȻַͬӳ˹ңֹӳһ㣬ĲҰܡ
渮ȷʵôַƽ˵Χռžɻûд渮ҡԼݼҵˡ
Ҷȱˡ
ҶȱȻˡ
ųƽӽ޵ʵҶȱˡ
ַĽŲǰ̤Ҷȱʱ渮Ӱٵĳַ˸ֱһƳַɱ
ַĿ⳯һۣȻ䣬ڵħͫԼֱӳŶԷɱȥͬʱһ̽ޱȿµֱӽԷùѣȻ䳯ס˶ԷʺֱУ渮һס
ЦúЦ𣿡ַ㿴űŵӰħͫĮ˵ûа


2112 б
İȻվս̨֮ϣҶȱѪƿ渮ǿ֮ʱռž˶ͬһʱĬˣΨģ˵ţ·ԼܹܵƵʡ
̫ǿˣ渮Ҷȱܣ渮ǿߣһƶ޷ܣЦЦô
û˻ܹЦҶȱڿѪȻղһĴ˺ء
ˣԼ̵ġĿƣַ㣬һݼң˺Եˣڵʦȴ֪ԼݼҵһݵҶȱһշѹַ㽻ս治жôĲңһܶɱ
Ҳ֪ˣǵɫ΢Щ԰ףʶԼַǰʲôǡ
ҪΣǱַŵɫ죬ɫŤַ㣬Ȼַȴûпɨ˵ϵҶȱһۣƽĵܣָţڣ㻹ΪЦ𣿡
ȿȣҶȱӣ¶һĨ֮ɫûԼܣȻˡ
ַֻ˵һ䣬ֽĿת˾ȺĿڵľӣַ㡣
ѲµˣȻַǿһ˵̲ס£˿̣ҪΪľٹ⣬ϴˢ裬ַĿģȻԶҪңˡ
ʱȺ֮Уµ΢Щʪľӣַ㣬һƽԣǶôģ̨վշǵһľʦ
Ȼԣƺзأѹھϡ
渮֮ˡҵǿ˵Ŀַ㣬ӵУǿҵɱ
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ңȷôģֻҪַɱ͸˾ʦõĽڣɨɽǵĽڣһǵļƻ׾ʵ֣ģֻһѣֻҪҶȱң̫ں㾣׵ʦʱʹҲܹңˣַɱ
ˣ˿̾ҵһǿӰѾػҶȱԣȴɲɿڣϷŹַ㡣
渮ŵ䣬Ǿҹ֮ѵǾңͲҪôַͫе֮ţ漴ƾһɼĽȻ䳹׵ı˳̼䣬渮ǿ߱˺ɷ飬𣬾ҵ˿ɻŪֶΣϽˣôΨѪֶΣɱ
渮ǿߵ䣬ͫ΢΢𺳣Ѿǵڶλ渮ǿˡ
ң豳ô
ŸղַĻ˵ɱǿֻһӰȻֲ̤ĵŶַɱֻƻձնһµĹȻͬһʱַ̣ʲô㣬Ӱ˲Ϣʧһֱ̳֣˵ϿգһҫĿĹֱɱ£ʱ·Ҫֹ˻Ȼ̧ͷֲϢͷţȻȴ˼ʮӰһɱ£˺ѷ顣
ַӰڵأĿ⿴򾣼ҵˣĵһ١ٶңḶ۵ġ
ˣһֲӰȻ䳯ǰ̤һ𵴣ս̨𵴣·𲻶ϵ߽ǹɿµĵշѹڴ֮ϣͬһɺ˵ĺ鳱㳯ַȥǹ׽һλѹ
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սܣ˴˿ɻǵĿǷýˡ¼Ҳǿ̤Ϣս̨ѹַǿߣǾҵһλ۾ǿ
ⱾɽĴҵսϴξ͸ðˣȻȴսӳգֱ죬渮λŽ٣ˣɱΪŵշѹңɰܡ
ǣңƺɲϳսܡ
̨ɱ渮ţѵΪ»ܰôҪҵǿ˵ֻ۾ǿٶǰ̤ʹս̨֮ϵַ·ڷƮҡʱܻᵹ£۾ַܹ˵ġ
ߵڰסҺ¼֮ߣΨݼңʼձŰǼ嵱УϾλ渮ǿڣ֪ºܿܽ渮λǣˣˣݼңûȽһжƲȽϺá
ȥܲ
Ȼַ츳ʵҪ£ַ㣬Ȼ渮ҲܹǵɽĴ֣Ҳ渮ǰԣݼҳĬĬõѡ
ַǹһĨЦЦϣ򵥵ķʽ£Ͼ̨Զ츳ףȻϾҪʱɳˣǰؿᾣҿԴΪҪЮȻңȴһĸӻü򵥵ķ޷ȥ
£ַֻ㻺תȥս̨·ȥͬʱȺ֮УһӰ̤Ӱһ䣬Щ
ôߣǾҵǿЦһ漴ֻӹֻһֱ̤һֳַֻɱȥȻʱǺӰҲˣͬһڰĿ㣬ս̨˹ȥٶȿ쵽˵ĵز
Ӱ˲ַŲ̤棬ڿնֱһȭǰӰ˹ȥնϵĲš
ߡ۾ǿܵ˶ԷϿԵȻֻǿȴûκεϢͷţη壬ֻһץƬռͬʱҪըѣһֲпռ䣬ŶԷ˹ȥһܽԷ˺ɷ顣
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ˡˡˡһеȫ򵥵һȭ۾ɫһƻצβ˵ֱͨӺǾ֮ϣȻƺܲʹûʹĻ֮ȭһĺڰС
ôܡ۾ɫ԰ףͨεǿһնɱˣȻô޷öԷҡԷ۷ֱӹҲҪܵشɣʥ۶ӣȻǰĺӰȴЩĹ
˫ͫĮǿˣȻ˿ȴѾˣһȭռ䶼͸ȭͷؿڣ¡һ죬屻һ󶴣ͬʱûκеӰɳǰһ¹ûзӦֻץŶԷ壬Ȼһ˺ѪţǾֱ۱Ӳ˺ѵ
ƺûֹͣǺӰͬ˰㣬һȭظ䵽£ѹڵϣȭâĺš
ˡˡһµʹȺҲŲͣţֱ۾ﱻշѹһѪˮ׵ʧս̨֮ϡ


2113 
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Ⱥйͬһͷǵ۾Ķս̨֮ϣԶо鴤Ѿ֪ǽյڼˡ
ʲôˣ
˿̣Ƕ壬бѪ壬ûκεϢΨоԵղţԾԵǾҵ۾ǿշѹɱԷһԿֲĹԸȻЧ壬жô£
ڴʱû֪Ӱʲôǿߡ
Ǿ壬ûо磬ֻһߴѣȻȴùʥɽо𺧵ʥĩеı󣬾վŲٿµǿߣȻûκεôǲ²ʥѡ˽֮Ϊûô
ǡãַУôַ㣬ܺĳֹӶ壬ǰʱգĴŶ̶ȣõ壬ַֻҪܹȫƿͿһʥΪã޷ֻͨ壬Ҳʥܹҡ˵ģʥɾʥ̥֮ǡ
ʥ̨ϣŻʥǱʡѪǱʵȡ
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ʱ̧ͷͻȻ裬ͬһ㳯Ҷȱڵĵط񱼶ȥ
˺󡣡˿һĻһ漴ֻҵǿߴҶȱ屬ˣͬһ㣬ͬʱмӰȻն˹ƳһʯڣҪ赲סȻֻ¡һ죬ֱײʯڣûƬ̵ͣ˫ȭͬʱƿɱƺȣ¡ı֮۾屻ֱӶǹµ˼¡
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ϡͷһϲֻǿֱӽգֻ죬̼֮Уֱӳǳǰ񱼵˳ȥ¡һ촫ڱˣŲϵĻ棬ԶԶĳȥʹôط͵졣
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ַ㣬Ҫһԣùʥɽ̾ɫ壬жôǿᡣ
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˶Ǳߣֻҵʥüͷţʲôˣ
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Ƭ֮ǵĿ⳯Զ̨ȥַϡ
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ǡ΢΢ͷĿⶼ΢΢𣬿ַĿ͸ɱ⡣
ңҪôַ㿴˵Ŀƽ˵
Сƺܿ񣿡ĵûнӷ
츳ˣһЩҲϵ
ˣҲ˵ĽţʹΧа̾Ҹûд㽻渮УͿ롢ԼݼңҲҪˡ
ϲԽԽҪˣսˣˣԸСôֻһһ֮¼ҺͷҵʥǶַԣԼѾ¼ҡ׵գʱ׼ⷢңǳ֡
ʵϣյսȷʵ֣Щ̨СǵսǶоЩľ
ôҪҾҵĿλҵʥ
ȻǾҲҲҪҵĿôҵʥ
ǾҪҵıˡҵ˵һ
ΥԼݼң׼̬ô¼Լ֮Ŀݼҵķݼ֮˽ԶüͷƺеĻҪӡ
߽ͬʱңһ۵ӰֻӰ磬һŷǳòݣȻȴԵЩ䡣
ˡֻ֮ϣӰ̤ȻŮȻƬպƶĻӰһ̣ӰʺסɵɫҰף¶һĨɫǿʵ
ǰ˶֪˿ֲ¶֮
䣬ĿѿֻһӰڿգУһλ۾ǿǾҵطػȻǳǿ˸ҷҲûбҪȻ죬ȴ˵ˡ
Ȼ佫˵˦˳ȥһɿֲϢŶǧ֣ŰȥԾԵɨƬա
ûй̫ã۾Ҳĺشƿֻ֣ܹԹԵ˺󷨡
ˣȫˡĿɨȺʹͫǧػзλЩɫ԰ףΥ棬ֻȷˣҪ
˭ҡ
ֻһˬ֮Ӱ˺ǱֲܴüֵˣΨľǲܵش߳ʱ򣬿ףɵ΢΢㶣ľȻϵģ


2114 ѹ
Ŀľ㲵ɫ΢£Ȼ֪ľַеĵλУľûɡ
ֻͷǿҵĺ⣬Ŀ߳Ⱥ
ǰлȡЩУвϢǿᣬȴ޷ƿܵϵƣǺȻĵлһ
վλﶼˣҪĿԾ֣ܶſ㡣˵һʱһ֮ɫ𣬵ȻҪ
ɱ
˾ҡ
ϵĳ޻ͷţҲ֪ٶȱҪ죬˻û˵һ䣬ֱӳ˾ҡ
һľԣڿն
ʦΣϵʧľʵ
Ƶûд󰭣ֻζûôǿ󣬶ңϳƺһʦǵõԸΪַߵʱ򣬿ǶûгƺΪʦľЦһУȷͬλһ̫˼ˣģյߣӣȴѾǿֺ˵ĵز
ʦһˡ΢Цŵ§ľֱۣ¶Ц⣬ʹľ㶣ĪǣַСһ
¶һĨɬ飬Цʦҵʵһλǳǰ׳Լ͵ģԼ򲻿˿ٶȣ㣬ַġ
ַ㣬Ҳˣľͫ΢΢¡
ˣʦ̨ӣ඼ˣǣҵǿߣҵʥȥŴѶ߶֣ܹƣǱӦҲ֪ˡЦ£ʹľȻĬþԣ漴ЦľⱲӵĽҲЩˡ
˵ǰ㣬ں⵽ʱս̨Ǳߣҵ˱ѾõϢ֪ܵʥɫѿѡ
û뵽ЩСһЩɵֶΣ͵ϮҾҡҵ϶ַ㣬ɱ
仰е㾣ұɣҪôַĮʥҲػ̨֮ǰݼҵǿߣ¼Һͷλʥڣһµ壬ŵ˾λʥ۵Σ˻ȥҪžҵһߣ˭֪Сӻʲô
ͷӣˣ˵õϢµıҪˣЩҵĸ߲֪УżֻƷ˵Ĺǰʦ
¼ҡԼݼҵǿжΪ𾪣û뵽ַ㻹ôһ֣׳нһﵽжٵƣϼһķӦӦǾ֣֮Ȼһλʥۻ˵ʥ۵ﵽǾȥˣ̨ˣܹõƺǵ
ȻҲַ㱾츳̫ˣյ̨ƺЩ˵ģ渮νţȴ˱շѹġ
ǻḶ۵ġҵɱŰգַǱѹȹȥȻΪǿռݾƣ
ַۣ¶һĨЦݣ㻹ûŪʲôơ
üͷַ㣬ĪǻܶҲɡ
λǰҶĿҪ𣿡ַһ
ȻЦЩǼĿֵĿܲҪȻЩģҺϳһңûжģܹ;ҿ⣬ûݼҵĲ룬ҲϣǺѶԸ
ݼңҪ𣿡ַ㿴ݼҵķĮʵ
ݼҵ˳ĬƬ̣漴ֻһ˿ڵ£ݼҲ롣
ǺãݼҲ룬ôҵĿȻҲûݼҵķˡַƽ˵ֵ̨ܣΪһٻʦǰ
ʲôȺͫɫַ࣬㣬Ҫʦǰѵʦ𲻳ɣ
áֵַ˼˲ϢΧһţַУֻһ⻪˸ַƬռ䳹׵û㣬ַӰǵߵʧ
ٻʦҪôٻȺɫ£Ǿҵ϶üͷ壬ַ֪ʲô
˶ĿǱߣȺûʶڲ֪УַѳΪоԵĽ㣬Ƭռ䣬˹İ
ˣ֮һ֮ȺҲ΢΢¡
ˣһ֮漴һɿµϢӵص
£Ⱥͫ׳Ƭռĵȥ漴Ƭؿǣ·ڶģȺ壬Ҳ֮
װŪǾҵʥһŲݺݵ̤µݻһУسƣɱ֮ŵص׽ɱȥȻڴ˿̣촫Ǿʥ۵ǰ£һ˫֣Ĵӵص˳
˹һĻʹȺģøôľֱۡ
꣡ؿѣһ壬Ĵӵص׳֣һͬһ˰㣬վǣҵʥͬһֻϰС·ֻҪĽŲǰ̤ܽԷɷ顣
û̫µƣȻһʥҵʥ۴δܹʥʹ˫ȷ·𶼲ôȶˡ
ʥʥ
Ȼ䣬һ˫޴貶Ŀžϡ
۸ҵӣըը죬ʹΪʥľϽŲ΢΢ˣɫ԰ףǰ֮ˡ
ܣ㲻ǹʥղŸûйʥԶֻӵһʥѡҵĮ˵ϣͷſµƺ׼һ
ǵģֻ߿ҵߣղǾǣҲǣҽһЩҵϣʱٻҪҵ𣿡ƽ˵Ųĳǰ߳Ǿҵɫ԰ףĺˡ
ʱһҲ̤ʹǾҵʥɫѿˣڣҲ̽һڣΨһˡ
ַ㡣ڴʱԶպХӰֻĺľȻڿն𣬿̨Լǹžˣ˲Ϣ˹ͬʱ̨ӿľ֣㶼񼤶
ʦֵ֡¶֮ɫľһϤףʱֻо΢Щʪ󣬲ϵĵͷãСһǶˡ
ʦ֣ʦҲһ𣬵õܵشûǰֻԼ˹ֿ˵ľоοҲȫʲôأС߳ЩӣһŶ˸оǳѪûа׷ѣ̵һܳӣеģ츳Ҫģġ
ҵϸܵϢɫԽѿƣƺԽԽһߵֻʥˣȻҪǼ٣ܷӶ˿̣ȴ׶ˡ
Ҳû˿ʥַڿƣϴιɽʥʶ͸һЩپһսܲܣַ㾡ֻѹŶԷˣַҲϵգɽʥ̫ĶˣַϣܹҵһЩҩùʥʶ׳һЩһиػǿߣôηηβ
ǰľ棬ԸңƺҲ㹻ˣôǿۣţ⾣ҵʥۣҽ֣


2115 ˥
ľԼǾ壬µϢоһĲǿ¶̾ɫ̨ĵӣ˭ԦôǿĴƺ⾣ң
ľɲΪ⼸һİĻû棬ѡ
ľ¿ľ֣ʱ΢ʹ⣺Բ𡣡
ľ㲵žȥ¶һĨЦ⣬£ûйϵ
Ҳ֪ҾȻὫںСʹ࣬Ǽ壬ƭ
֪ľЦŵ˵ͷڴ˿̣¡һ촫ٶȳǰ̤һžҵϵҪˣ˭裬ɱ
£һŲǰ̤ĵ壬ҲһȥλֲĴڣͬʱѹȹȥǾҵɫӲɫ࣬ͷſֲƣĮĵҪļˡ
һ䣬㲻Ҫôˣҵӣˣһû㾣㡣ʥֲѹ֮εľɽ㣬峯Źͬʱ˾ҵķֱҶȱȥ
ǲܶҵǿߴȵ
ģɱֻЩ渮һЩ顣˵һʥԼֱӽػҶȱǿˣҶȱ£ͬʱ⻹ûнĽҶȱصʱλ渮ǿߣǱҪ赲ʥһȭֱշѹѣӴѪţĿģ˸裬渮ŵһһֱӿŲأûз
Ǻ⣿Ǿҵɫѿ˼㣬渮λΪҳսλսλܣºܿͻᱻ׵ʦ֪ʱ渮ŭ𣬾Ҫˣ˵УһҶȱ
Įɨ˾ҵһۣû˵ֻĶžºʦ뾣ңʦ߰ɡ
Ŀ΢ʱ뿪ʱ򣬾ң
ʦֵĿԶ˾£ʹþͷ΢΢ȺЦ漴΢΢¶һĨЦݣľһô̳ôЩõӡ
˵ţĽŲ̤ľȥʹþȺɫԽ࣬һսңʧأˡң⻹ûꡣ
ž˻תȴʥžˣУһ³һ±Ҫ£ԼսҰܣӽ𣬾ҵĿݼԼȻû֣˾ҵĿӴ˹¼ԼңҸһ룬ԺҪڶԸ¡ңһնҶȱˣ渮һ£¡ûκιϵ渮˱֮ˣһնҶȱ
ҵɫһҪЮԷҶȱ˵ҪңҲˣҪ
ˣȻսѾžһԼĳŵ֮£Ϊֹɢ˰ɡ˵˵ֻĽŲһ̤ʱصףƬ̨֮ΧƵķַӰ
ʦַ̧֡ͷһʱ佫ľ¶һĨõЦ⡣
СһľҲЦһнУҪ̫
ˣ߰ɡַ㿪˵ʱ˿ʼ뿪ûйã¼ҡԼ̨ȺȫԶȥľȻľ֮ˣԼвζݼ֮ˣǶЩӰ
ĿЩӰֻоһʧ䣬ݼ֮УֱֲϵÿҪ˵ɫݼң÷ǳ֣ʱ䣬ַ̨оʵһЩԼһЩ
ģౣءԶǰĺ̨Ŀ⳯¶һĨЦݣ̨ǲϵ֡
һĻĵһֻоûɵһį
ѾͷЩʱ򣬻Ҫ嶯һЩġʱһĵԺ֮УĿ⿴һλݼұԵ֮صһλ꣬£漴¶һĨЦ⣬ԵлףʱŮһ㡣
˵ţĽŲǰһ̤ҳȥߡ
˿һĻüͷ΢壬ֻȵվסȥ
ȥɢġĿһۣ
üͷ壬Į˵²ĿҪȥַ̨
ҳȥҪܡһʹͫһһ⣺Ǹ뿪ݼҡ
ﻹôţŲŰһ١̨ߵŭһʹ˲ϢɫԶԡ
ͷҸ죬ҡĶ̨
ðǰɡ̨Цһ㲻⡣
ĵ˵ͷͷԼݼҵˣڵĴӴݼңݼ޹أҲҵļ޹أԼѡ񣬸ǡ
˵꣬ı㳯ַ̨ǵķȥɫȻݼˡ
ˡˡҶҲˣַǵӰȺĿ֮½ԶȥֱʧҰ֮С
ǰ緢ҪһɽǵĴҿȻ
죬ң붯渮ǿߣػұĿȻ渮λɱܡ
죬Һطȫ룬ھҽһɱ¾ͬʱԣؽϧһд۱ңЩطҲмˡ
ȺƺԤУɽǵĵһңΪλˣӴį
ڶ죬¼ҡңͬˣƾҿѹֻܽܣҶȱˣ
죬δ֪ӿɽǣҪԸңǺ¼ҷҸùϵɽ׼һƺ⾣ҡ
ͬǵ죬ңһλ渮ʥ۾ǿ߽٣õս֮һƽķ˳ȥֱӽ׷ϵӴˣһĵһΪ˷ˣ޷Уʥ۾УһٸףҲֲһҶȱҪμӾҶȱˣȻδ飬ζûǡ
λʥʱȡڶɽǿͷ֮ҵҶȱ渮ҶȱҲǼΪŵļ֮һʧ٣ϵܴ󣬿֪Ծҵŭɽǵ飬ֻǽ·ңҪҵַǣȻַѾʧɽУҶȱַϣȻҶ·ҡ
ң±ͺ¼ҷû̫Ĺϵ渮սģ˵⾣׵ʦҲвжΣԣŸΪŭ
ͬŭĻҶȱȻǱܵģ⣬йʥӰССɽǡ
į¼Լ˵ƺѾΪһƣ·Ϊ˴η粨üΪŽᣬ֪Ψаһ𣬲ȵǰС


2116 渮
ַԶȥɽΨһĿıӪľѾľ£ʣûбҪǷ֮ˡ
ɽǵ飬ɽԼַȫţ˴ξ˽٣Բ׶ȹҲҪʲƤľĴ۰ɡ
ʱһƬɽ֮أ֮пֲħƣһµĽٹ⻮գݺݵɽ֮վŵӰ˲евӰ޾Ľٹ֮£ԵǰС
ַһܵôľ΢΢ţоһǹħ֮⣬оֻҪһܽɱȻǼһﾹȻƳֱ񷣬Ȼ
ʦ֣һʲôظе֡΢Ц˵ʹľ΢΢ͷҲû뵽ǵ˵ľʣʦһ̤սѧԺ̨
ȻǻҪ̨ھ½Ŀ㣬ʦ̨֮λһֱʦҪˣ̨ʢ
ҿɲСľЦҡͷˣǵ츳ǿʵҲϳңԺֻǿ̨ǱãһǺңڡ
ʦ̨Ҳһң΢Ц˵ľյԴննҲˣ£̫졣
ǰַǼһﶼСˣʦ֣ʲôʱʦҲСʦܡаǰһô˵ҲĬһأţԶоͷ죬񣬾͵ľȬˣľ˸ص괴ˣϣԺܹҵһЩõ굤ҩ
ʱе޾ħƽɢַֻ·ħҪУ漴һľ߶ʦ֡
оΣľ΢Цŵ
ˬȫַЦ£֣첻ϣǲô׳˶ȴűըԵ
ľվһȭַϣֻоԼӲĿϣ޷ҡˣЦŵλ۷޷вˡ
ʦ֣Ҷȱųƽӽ޵ʣʵַһӽ޵ʣҲȵľ絽۷壬޵ˡ̨ЦǰʶľȻ̨֮ȻҲأƺľʦ֡
½̫嫣Ҳ޷һ޵ҪôǿʵƩǰ䣬Ϊ۷ָǿٺ׿䣬ţ޾Լʮٳ֣ͬһݰ㣬ԽϣԽ٣̫Զ˵ûиǿսģֻܲŬԼøǿһЩǾ絽ˣܹƿ۵ȻãûбҪȥһĳۡ
ַƽ˵Ȼ츳õսɾǶͬһ˶ԣߣȻս͸ǿ
⻰˵ľ΢Цŵַ㣬Ҳ½ھ½λãӵ޾ССɽǣˣ渮ҲҶȱ
渮ȷʵµļˣǽ渮ΣطҲȷǸ֮أޣΪвؾ֮ء
ܹ½ӵȻ׼ȥľڵ
½ǣǣ֮ءĿһâǼȻ½յĿģȻҪǰʢ޷μӣֻһۣҲȻҪȥġ
˵ʮ򣬿ʮǣÿһǶһݣͨǵڳǣصڳǣǾ֮أ۾ƣ޾ǿ߽ᱼҪͨݽǵڳǶ̫װɡ
ľ˵ԱߵĲסĵͷʮ޾ÿһǷӿֻٰľͨڳǵݲŻῪ
½˶ԣǣͬ񻰰㣬ڳǣǾо֮ء
в̵ʱ䣬ȻѾھ½ʼ֮ͣ˽Զ½֮ΪǿʢҲΪ
ǰǣкܳ룬Կ·ߡľ΢Ц˵̨½ȻֱֱǶȥһ·;羰
ʦ˵ĶԣҲôģҲ·;ҲлȻʱʮȷ·ߣԳֻӦЦ漴ַ㣺ַ㣬ʲô뷨
ȥ渮һˡַĻʹúɫ£һҪȥ渮
ַ⼸׼ŽҶȱƳħҶȱ츳ܹƳħٸʥȻ츳ѣȹʥŮΪڣӼ˵ĿУҲ֪渮һЩ渮΢Щ׼ȥһ⡣
Ѿ˼ƽϡЦŵҲãʵ̨ôˣԷּ·ǰУǰǻϡ
ҲôģôһǰУΪ㣬Է·ʦ֣ԸǺһǰУַľʵ
ɣҿԺǰУ;ķ羰ľ΢Ц
ɲУǾ߿ԶԶػǡַ㿪˵ľ;»һۣ漴ЦŵͷҲãǻϡ
ľȻӦַҲЩʥػᷢʲôλʦֵܸ̫ģǼͣҪ̤۷ˣҪĵǡ
˷·ַһ·ľ;һ·մżһ·äһһ·а̨ĵһ·
˼̨֮ٶȷֿãأַУ·;Уַħ̶нħ󷨵Ĵʹٱǿ޷Ԥ֪жٿֲ֣֮صʮԼʥ˾ͶкԿˣο½һǿߣǽһãңֻ˵ʥˣΪʥǿߣȻܿɣˣַҪԼʵﵽһֵԽǿԽá
渮ھ½һ֮أʶһ󻭱ڣһá
ַеʯСȴȻ󷨵ǧԼã渮Ȼпѧ֮Ż뵽ǰһ⡣
渮һǳ֮ɽ֮أͳǳط룬һĿռ䣬ηһɽ֮ϣ·񷣬·֮ǰ㡣
ַΡ֮أɵи̾ȷǿõط˷ǳ֮Уͬ죬
ַĿ⳯һɽ֮ϵʯȥ󱮣Ҳ渮֮ء
ַ̤ǰֱӡڱϣ̼⻪ҫַֻоһƬռ䣬Χ޾ɱӿ
ַ΢΢һЦֻŲ̤һ·֮أֱ£ʱ¡¡촫ǰ󱮻һڣַ㾶ֱС


2117 Ůע
ַ̤УʱǰһƬĿռ䣬һƽ֯һǰһͼס
渮Ҳ˼Ҫ̤Уߵ󱮣漴ƾŰپʮ󣬷Ϊ渮һԱַаǰǰУѾеļ˿е֪Ǽ˶Ķ򵥵ĶûУͲš
󱮺оŰپʮ󣬾Űپʮţǰָţ潥󣬼ǿѶȣȵܹƽŰپʮ󣬼ʱ󷨴δӴҲѾΪһλ֣˺ǿĻ
渮Ҫ޷̤Űپʮţ棬û츳뿪
Ȼܶ渮˱Ѿв裬ͺǿˣܹ̫ܹͨŰپʮţˣ渮˻ͨʱƲ˵츳Ρ
ַ㾶ֱ̤Ľ£ƽ֯ɣƬ֮һ·׳Σǰſ
̤ڶУַ֮ǰУƽأܿ죬ַѾ߹˾ʮȻţʼɼ뷱
ʱַ֮Ѿͨţٶȿν쵽˼£һţֻǼ̤֮ɼЧжôĿֲ
Ȼ˿̣ڿʼøʱǧ˿ߴӰ˷ӿַϣ۳һԹ㣬Կǰе·
ҶҪһЩʱ˼̤һǰ渮֪Ҫ϶೤ʱ̤Űپʮšַ૵ǰУʱ֮˵ڰ˰š
ʱ渮Уһ޷壬޷֮ϣоŰپʮ㣬ϵ˸Ѿ˰˰ٶȹ㣬ζѾͨ˰˰š
޷壬渮ˣֻҪվںõҰ֮أܹǶĹ㣬ʱĿͬʱͶ
̤źûжðɡʱյУ˺ɿڣ˵֪˭ע⵽ǵһʱûС
ʱע⵽ˣ̤ţԲʱʱ䡣渮Уվ֮ϣڡ
˵ʲôʱ߹˰˰ٶţҦɽȷûмǴ
ԣʱ̤˰ţлʱ¼ôܡ
Ҧɽں˵ʱǰҾûп𡣡
ҵһۿʱ򣬾ʱӦʱ֮ǰʱ򣬸պ˵ھŵ⣬Ҹûע⡣ʱһ˿˵ʱһǷǳһȻ˵ٻģܹ֤ɡ
ʱ̤˰ŵˣǰžͿԺԲˣʱ̤˰ţпܽʱ֮ͨŰپʮŵĿ飬̤渮Уʱ渮ʷУܹǰ١
渮ҪһΪˡ֮ʷĳӵǰһ٣Ƿǳֲģ渮еʱ䣬ǲ֪ˡ
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ǧĮҲˡ˿ˣɫ¡
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ʱҰɣȻǱóԽǰԽΪɣͲôˡ
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Σ˵ĸʱڣӮûӮѩ
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ӦˣҰնǧĮѩ䴫˵ʹѩһ漴ЦˣǧĮ渮ĵλɱһŵҲֻܶô츳ʵһȷݣǶǧĮѹɴһֱ⡣
ͬ⡣ѩ俪ڵ
ǱŰɡĿⶼž޷ȥλŮĶעԽԽ˵߳ĿⶢǾ޷壬ĸʱ̫ˣʷǰˡ
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ô£ô죿棬Ⱥͫ׽ԶŰʮţŸոչȥʱֻʣʮȣԷٶȣˣǲࡣ
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ǧĮҲɴһҪһӣԼǰô߰
ʱ仺Ĺȥ˾ıýԽԽ˸
ŰٰʮˡȺ̿ˮʱһЩŸѡ
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üһҿΪȡһǣҪŬɴ˵ѩĿ΢м⣬һҪô
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ѩȻ֪ԼˣʱĮ޷壬ֻ˿̣޷ſһţ˵Ŀⶼš
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ܲ軳ɣܹ渮˶йôһؿ飬Ҫʱ䣬ĸʱ̫ˡ
ڣĴŻ߳һӰһϯۣΪݣַ㲢ûαװֻ̫⽫Լ£Ȼɽǵսܻܿ渮ע⣬ȻµݣżԷԼӰҲϲң˿ԼӰҲֻǸ߲ǲע⵽һ븮ӡ
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Ųǰַ̤ûȥǧĮ渮ɲЩĵ顣
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ʱַֻоһڰֱ۳ȻҶɵͫбһ⣬Ȼתǰһ̤£ʵ޻һȭ·նС
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2119 󻭱
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2121 
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ĸа̤УǧĮѩ̤֮еʱֱֻӻӶʱһ⽻֯ɣ·ԼС
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δ𡣡һ亹ڵϣط·΢΢˲ǧĮĿ־˼㣬̲סȵ䣬ҳɡ
ȥһ漴оһɷ籩嶴ȻǧĮɫһ䣬𹥻ֵɱ˹ȥΪֲĲͻأ֣޾ɱ·ڴ˿̱ʹǧĮ¶Ȼɫĳ汼ȥ
µɱԽԽǧĮҪĸо峯񱼣Ȼþ֮Уֲ⡣
۵ĹȻ䳯ǰȥ¡һµĹ죬˵Ĺһ飬ʱһ쫷ιǵ˳ȥ˵촫ǧĮص˥ڵϡ
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ĪҶȱˣа˵˵ǰʱҶȱˣĪ󣬹Ū鲻ɡ
Ҷȱ񡣡ǧĮڵ
а΢΢ͷ漴ֻĽŲֱ̤ӳжȥʹòĿ£аʦʦ֮µܹȵģټʵܹƵ
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˼а˵ϢôǿҾȻֻѣǧĮǼһûܱ־ɡ
аĽŲĳǰ̤Ų΢ȥκεطƬֻ֮૵ЦΪ֮֮Уɱ󣬺ĿֶΡ
£ʱɱɹаŲһ̤ɹ壬Ȼ䳯һպ˹ȥ·ε޵С
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һʱ䣬ƬձµĹͬ˰ţȻаƺûиоϢıңһԽԽµ¾ۺϣޱȵȫۺһԽԽǿʢ
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Ϣ֮أûйãȺһӰ˳ڣ·ͬһ˰㡣
һĻʹȺɫӲĿĶǰԶһʶ֮ںı仯
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а󷨵У㱻ɱˣÿµ󷨡Ⱥ񰵰
㵽˭һа˵벻֮ʲôˣѵѾ̤˵۾ʦ֣
Щ۾ʦӦòڴ˵Ŷԡ
аֻһ漴ȺԶһӰ޳ϢƽȻ֮ɫ΢£븮ĵ۾־Ȼˡ
ϵʦ֡а΢΢ͷǳ븮ǳһλ۾
渮Ŵ𸮣ƺܾûгĻʾ֮ˣһɡϵĿ⿴ǰڡ


2122 ϵ
ϵ۵ĻĿⶼܹаˣǿ֪Ạ̊́˶֪˭
ڴʱֻԻ֮󽥽ɢȥܿ죬Ƭ·ӲƳ˰㣬¶еһӰȻַӰ
ֵַɲǣ˵ͫ׶Ȼ£¶𺳵ɫ

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ѩǧĮɫʱΪĲ԰ףǻ붯ʦаΪǳͷԸַ㣬Ϊַɱ棬ǱҲˣȻַû˿ö˶˵վǰҲûǲ㽫аɱˡ
ǧĮѩ䶼һУǻҪַ㣬ľ֣ΪַֻǸ̤渮ˣȴû뵽ʵףֻĽаԸˡ
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󻭱ȥûпӰʱգںδ
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ϵ۲븮ĵ۾츳ˣҪ£븮Уַ츳һûм֮⡣
аͬϵ˵ַ㻹û󻭱ôˣкȻǿǿǷǳ飬ɻΣ븮λ
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ٿɡַƽ˵ʹϵͫ£漴΢ЦǾܾ𣿡
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һ츳ĸϵֱӲ迼ˣΪܾѹϵ۶ŭ뵽
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ϰ߶ѡַ㵭ɲ渮֮У渮£ο绹м渮ǿһƳΪħ
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ַͷʹ˵ĿԶ֪ղһַ㻹ܲ
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˿һĻͫ£˺ܵϵ۵һ·û°㡣
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˵գϵƮԶȥƬַ֮㽵븮֮ǰһɽ֮ϣңмӰĿ⳯Զ·𽫸ղŵһжС
ǸԸ渮븮ΪϧȻҪ뿪渮ʮһɱ˰ɡϵƽ˵ʹΧ֮ͫ£ϵһˡ


2123 Ǭ
ַϵȥʱ˸ԶƮȥʱַ㽵һɽ򣬿һһɿֲĳ֮ͷŶɫʱͨ
ϵΪڵ۾Ƿǳֲһܹ֮࣬ͨᲢ۵ģǻĵǳ¡ַаһϥʴĻ潥ϡͳĴղһƣϵ۽֮֮УڳһɿµıŰ
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ͲǬ֮󣬵õԴ漴ֱ뿪ַ΢Ц˵ԷƽЦ£顣
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ϣˡƽ˵һ漴ƮȻȥǷǳֱӵ뿪ߡ
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Ϊַ󣬾޴ĽɫȻſŭХַ㲻ϵɶ֮ܡ
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ȻǻϣַԼʶȤһ㣬渮Ӫһԡ
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ַƬ̣漴ֻǬ컹вٵ۾ǺײȻԿҽУ۾ҲЩ


2124 飿
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ַĻҲδ⣬ֻЦ£ܾһᾡ㣬𸮵ĵ۾﷢ͻܷһЩ
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ַĿ£漴ֻ֩볯ǰ䶯̼䣬ַֻоܵйҫ̼䣬һɫľ棬һ˿߶ޱȣ޷ѣңڲܻҪַ㳹档
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Ҫ飬л꣬лôַɫ⣬Ͽֲ˺һУʱǲƵ˿߲ϵı˺ѵ


2125 ػ
ַܹ콣Ľ飬Ȼɽ꣬ɳֽ֮޻֮ǣҪγɾ֮壿
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ַϣһϢ̼佫֩棬漴֩ʧȻл꣬ӦܹƵˡ
ַǰУƬн·;֮У˲һЩǳ֩һܹ󣬷·İ㣬һ⣬ȫַյˣ統УԺܷõš
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ڴʱԶĿ¶׹⣬ǰһӰ̤С渮ޣȻǶҪĹѨʲô˲Żž档
ڣһӰƮ̤ĹѨȥȻɲǣػİ׻ˣգǰ֮ˣϾпµķսͬһսһ
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2127 
յУַ岻ڿռ仮޴Ĳַ㱳˫ƣϢ£˱ٶȱַ죬׷ᡣ
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2129 
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ַ㲢֪ŶԼʶģһλԼĵ۱ãȥ꣬ɲдԼһʶ֮ǰӳǶĿΪ˶ܷ꣬񷢻ӶǿҪжǿˣԽǿȻܷ񷢻ӳŶǿ
Ȼ˵Ŷû֮ǰ£ɱһλ۾ûģܿ죬Ҫᶦ˾˶£Ϊַ㻯ĵһƷ
ȻΨһļƷַǰѰ·;вҪᶦַѧˣȵԷʱֱɱһٽԷĨ𣬲ԻĹʹЩ׷ǿͷҵĲš
Ŷǻۣӵ뷨
˿̣渮УҲ˿ֲĲ渮ʮһȫˣ渮ǿߣֻҪ渮еģˣЩһУΪƿԼ塣
ʱ򣬺޾Ŀռ䣬һȺǿΧԼ壬һȺػͬʱ渮УݾǿЩ¡
µʲôڣʱֻһǿ˵أĿ⣬ǿֲڡ
˶Ҫѡһһηе˶֪ڳƺͷ֮ϵ壬Ψ壬ܱΪ
Ȼ벻ףΪǿƺΪ
һǹģҪѡа
Ҫ᣿
˵Ҳ渮δΪߣ渮ѵð𡣡˵ʹͫһǿٶȿڵ˼ǣ֮󣬻渮Ϊ渮ӣ
ǳΪ渮ĵӣǳΪ渮޴Ӷ˵ǿߣʹ渮ǿ߶¶˼ɫ󽳣Ҫ渮ȷʵѵãǶԷܳΪ󽳴ڣΪ渮Ҳûʲôɣܴ渮ԻͣǵĵǣһҪֱӳΪǸ׳Ƴ޷ƿص˵δ֪ڡ
Щǿ߿ʼƬ̺󣬸ղ˵Ҫľ塣
ʱֻӴȻ˳ȥ·Ѿ׼˰㣬һĻǿͷſϢȻֻһŭ𣺡˭ңѵҪô
⻰£ʹ˶һͣѾһ˾ߣдʦҡ
á
Ȼѡö
ȺͫҲ£ԷȻѡĴڡ
ܷˣһˡе壬츳Ϊ
ߣ츳˶кãܹΪܻˣֱֻӳ˶Է嵱У̼䣬һƤ·𽫶Է棬һĽԷɵ㣬һĻʹȺӲÿֲĴڣǾԺҪԶֲļһԶ֮


2130 
彫û֮󣬶ʱȺ֣忪ʼ٣֡ţȫΣ׵ȡ˶ԷΪˡ
Ȼ˵Ŀȴ͸˿˿µа죬·ӵмߵǻۣĿɨһۣһĨЦѼ̳һУӴ֮ұȻͬǣҽǵ渮ˣҼס
͸żϣ·Ǹ߸ϵߣվͷ֮ϣˡ
ֻĿ⻺תϣںδ
Ŀ£
붴Ѩ֮ǰַ͹ŶѾʧˣģֻһѣжڡ
ϣһ֪֮꣬ȥʱ³һʹĿ΢΢漴ֻ㽫˵彻ɡ
ɫ£оΪŤ˱Ǻ渮ȻɵΪޱȡ
ȻΥԷĻַֻ˳峯ַ忴һۣɫƽǰַ˹ǰǴˣ걻ˣֻʣһ
΢΢ͷ漴ǰ˺ѵ쫷糯ɱȥȻֻ岻𣬾ײ죬ʱͫ£ι̵һ壬ϧˣҲԳΪҵһ壬Ҳһ
ڴʱԶХĿһǱȥʱһĨЦ⣬аüһô꣬վϵû
ַ㲢֪Щʲô˿ĿֻǶ壬ںƣôǿ߻ӣֻʵʵƯյС
򻯱ŶʹַһݣȻǺӦڶ˵㣬ѵǰǶ˲ɣ
ַ建Ʈߣʱ΢Ц£漴Ŀת˵壬ȻѾ̳ΪǵҲ̫ģһ渮Ϊǿڡ
渮ַ뵽·;еļţɵƺƶϳһЩ
ˣɢ˰ɣԻѡһйٶ˵漴ŲǰУĳλƮȥȺ׷ɢȥΨǿŶԷǷ֣ѡйȻǬһ߹ʹа룬ѵһ֮˵ļ䶼̳ˣ
ַһУȻ廹ڣȴϢޱȵĿ£֪жô
УĿ⳯Ű˷ȥ̼⽻֯嫵ĹΧһУŻƻأһΧػԺҵĹȥҰع
Щػ·ΪȫŹĸλȥΨַ˵ϣַޱȡ
üһ겻һֱػңˡԴЦʹ࣬ΪԻ˵ˣⶼӦˣõô꣬ڵȵһ죬ع顣
ַ˵ĶԻͷ΢󽳣
֪һЩš
޷ͻԸ䣬ӴԼ󽳣һұȻܹյ̤Ǵδй򡣡һֲ֮⣬·ߣǰѾ
󽳣ַޱȣһˣʥǹʥˣܵ˾޴ĴˣǰˣȴԸ꣬ɾ壬֪жô£ڸղţֻһͿ̳ɴ󣬽
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˵ţ֣Ŷһ·̼֯䣬򻯱֮ϵƹ·һɿµϢǿʢ˼£ַ֮·ҪϢϢ
ʹõĵ۱ַܶͷо˿壬ҲǸµıֻԼûŪԼôãΪǱģԷûңûüⱦǰѰˣԷĻƺԼڼǰʹˣһֿµı
ûʲô۱Ե˵޴Դ΢΢˵ͷ漴ſ죬³˼ǵ۱Ȼȴ·Ĳڡ
彫Щ۱ӵ˱У漴Цŵô꣬Ҳдʶûˣ÷ǳĳװȻԼɡ
˵ţɸڱ֮ϣ̼䱦֮ϵƽ֯貵ĹâַֻоҵĲţ·Ҫ׵ĳȻڽЩ۱ڻ
ΪַԳܵԶţҵĲţʹüҪúˣȻôˣյ磬ô
˵ţâʢַĶˣ̫ˣȻʹಢδ̫ãЩ۱׵Ȼ壬Ҳ뵽ⱦУʹַһԡ
Լ壬۱ܹڻεȿ£ǼΪ߼һǿ۱ɣǰ˼żĵ۱пܡ
ԼҪúо£Լ廹ʲôǿ֮ͨǰ֪֮ģ̻Ҳӵеġ
ַ㻯ıô˼£漴ЦŵţһܻԻͣ⼸ȹһ֮ұһأΪһ壬Ǳȥȥһĳƺˡ
˵ţЦ漴ŹȥȻȴδ뿪ڵ֮ϣַ壬Ҳ
һĻʹַа뿪θʲô
ڣַ㻹֪ԼȫΪܲԼ뿪صУǿȻΪһ߱ôܣңգ壬Ҫһأ»ᷢʲôҪ֮ǰ뿪


2131 ͵
ַĶڵϣøİӴǣƺû뿪Ĵ㣬ʹַа
ַҲһʱ˿̵ʼо򻯱ѳΪ꣬Ȼ򻯱ȴûüϤʱַŷ֣򻯱УȻȫޱȸӵ·Ӷɣ·ƣ䷱̶ȣַ̾ⱦͶжôѡ
ңַ㷢֣Щ·ƺüµĿֲϴƣղ嶯õƣ±ֲ֮ı۱Ҳַ˴ղ֮ʱķǳֲַףȡ򻯱ʶΪ˶꣬ҪǿĵĶַޱȣ򻯱ǽ»᲻һɣȻʵ򻯱˲ܽ궼ûȥҲּܹı
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ַоţǱ۾żǹŶƳȥһۣڵôˣѵô
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ַ㻯𣬳ȥ渮յƣ˶ע⵽ĴڣȻֱⱦǸ߰ģ˭Ҵע⣬ַܹоЩ˵̰ȴû˸ҶᶦȻղ͵㹻ǿ󣬽渮˶סˣ󽳣δ渮ߣˣ渮һЩϼһ»ô˵ȻǼһߣһΪֲһз·ʾţԷĻΪ󽳣
ϵǡַ㷢ĳϵվյУʱŶϵ۹ȥʹϵ۵ͫ΢΢£ⶦк棬Ҳмɵ֮⣬˵Ӷ쵱ܳʱвٴע˱ɱˣСĵĺܡ
ˣϵĿϵ۵徹ϵȥʹַƣϵʵ㹻
һʢͬɥֱϵ۵ͷʹϵɫ˲仯ɫͻȻ̤󷨣αˡ
ˣŭХϵ׷ɱ˹ȥͬʱ֮Ϲƴţһɿֲûʹϵ۵ڲ·ҪŶС
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ҪҸὫˡַ㰵ţȻȴûмڶ֣ǰĴɫıڣַʱ޿̲ĥȥȻɺĵĵȴţֱһȥȥǸʱźХȻ佫ַס漴װ˶У漴ƺȤתʹ޴΢΢¶һĨɫ
ַܻ㣬ֻǵĵܺãҲԺôҪŪˡ
˵գ۾ٶȱϣ·ʲô鶼ûз㡣
ַкХ£漴ٶȳȥĶѾ渮ĵӿַ֮ƵУԶԶıܿţַ˼ֱӳ渮ΨһڷλȥΪĵλҲû
ڣַ渮ȳ֮ţػ֮˼Ŷ㶣漴ҲܿɹŶУֱȥ
渮ʱַֻо·𶼸Щ̲סҪХһȻΪŶ޷Х
ȻַڻԶûаȫʵԼ渮ĸֶǿµĺܣԶ򣬷ʱбҵĿܡ
뵽ַ㼲ȥ峯Ÿ߿ճȥΪ˱֮˵ҰϾΪǱǿ˿ˣȻҪᶦ
֮Уƶ֮ϣַһ·ǰУ;ҲһЩҪᱦǿߣɱ
渮˱չأ߳˴ǣʵأ
޴ǰȥˣҲ֪ȥ
ûȥô
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ǳȥߡƽ˵һȥȻܿ죬ǵõϢڼǰѾ뿪渮оһ˿Ծ
˵꣬Ǳ˶УŻһû壿˿̣վͷ֮ϣһ
Ӧñ˲Ŷԡ
üͷճӦ̵ܹԷ꣬һѣǣʧĹŶòɣǰƺЩԾ˳
תۼ䣬ֹ˼գܻ᲻֪¹Ź֣һ죬ŷŭ֮⣬߳渮Ŀ꣬ѰҹŶ֮⣬УǰμӾ
ͬģһ죬渮Ͽǰ˿Գˡ
ǬУǬĸһЩǿͬһ̤渮ǰμӾ
ŴۡԶ߳һЩҪμӾ⣬ǰȥ˴ʢµˣľ磬Ϊ渮һλ͡
Ȼʱ渮޾ңԶ֮أһߵɽУűŰƺ޺еĵط˿̣֮ϣƶˣһӵľ޶װһ壬Ĵ͸Ʋ㣬¿նɽУôԶľ룬渮˲ҵ˰ɣ


2132 ع
Ŷ䣬ַܹƬɽŲٺеޣڹŶУʹҰΪĿ
Ұ޵ͷǳŶɽµʱɽ֮Увٹӣɽе޴ϲ壬ϲΣǵǻȴ뻳ɣŶȻף²Ƿ
һ˻ֻ޳ŽĹŶַĶһɽ֮ϣ̼䣬һߣЩ޵۾Ĺ⣬Ȼַֻ㰵Ц޿ûκεĶ
ЩҲΪǹŶȷʵ֮γǰȻʱŶ֮ϣһɿµĹͻأһɿֲЩ޵ʱЩܿĳŹŶжȥֻƬ̣Ƭɽ֮ϣһ߾޵ʬ壬걻ŶС
ֻӵ򻯱һɿµЩ޵ĲţȻûãܿ죬ȫ
ǿַаЩ޵ʵû̫ǿģܹ׵̵ǵ겢ң͵ʱ򻯱ͬ򻯱ԦĿҪǿ̫࣬ûܽңΪ˶꣬Ȼ꣬ȴĶ꣬Զõһ򻯱·ܹԦЩ֮ǣЩȴҲû뵽굱УֻǿüԦѡ
Щ򻯱ôҵַܷаţ漴꿪ʼӹŶѳ
ʹ࣬·İ롣ַоһ˺ѵʹ࣬ɵͣа뵽ŶҪ߶ڲܷӳǿⶦЩ궼ĵҳΪŶһҲףЩ꣬ԳɾͶ
뵽ַֹͣڽеĶԼ峯ɽȥ׼ȥɱһЩꡣ
Ŷգǰܿ죬һ޴ŹŶſ˿µצȻŶɲǣһɿֱֲӽУֱ
ŶԼЩĻֱĵַ㰵ţǶ꣬ĵǿԻָģȻЩһģ㲻޸õ꣬ۻ޹ؽҪȻַֻҪܹԼԸԼ
Ҫַ֣޻ԼַԶֱˣ䶦ԺҲҪÿζ뵽ɽʥԦŶҲܷӿµĹ
ַоŶԽǿ·˼Ű㣬˷ܵĵѰ޻ΪΣȥ֣һָоȻΣȴС
һŷ塢ַ֣ɱŵͿշУûȥ̫ĲϾ½֪Ƿµ֣˿̵ĹŶٶȴһƬ֣ǰȻʣһɾĺˮһ΢Ϸˮ֮
ŶȻסˣְĺ֮Уֻһ֣ͪںڵķʪ͸˳ǣ¶ļΪİ𪣬һΪƯŮˣǷʣһܼ򵥵͸Ըеַ嶼֡
ţŮ£ͣǵһŶ˼£¶һĨȤɫŶŵĶӦǼĵ۱֮Ȼͣһֱ˿ŵĸо
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ÿٶȣþ׼ɱһɱַ㰵ţŮеĽ漴̼䣬ǹɱȻ޴档
Ůһڶǰַָ壬ʹַˡ
㻹ẦߣŮЦ£ԽȤٶȳǰ̤ŹŶ΢Цŵôһ˶ƣ֪ʲôϧ㲻ܴȥˣټ
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ÿ죬ʲôˡַĿһԷľ࣬Ҳ˵̾½̫ˡ
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ŶڣַλŤ²ӣ漴³˿ֻо泩૵ڻˣ


2133 
½ģ˿½صж嫣ͳƣж٣ǲ֪жôֲ
ǣƬ½򣬿õǣһôµĵطӹɣǿ߻֮أھ֮ʣ֪ж˽ʮ
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ǿߣ̫ˣǿߣ۶
үүöߵԣһλʾŮ˵ڼҲ츳ǳܶ˳ƺΪţǸһ·;֣һͷŵϢо¡
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İүүҸҵ˭Ůͷ˵
ģǶˡʱԣλһ˺ŮĿתɫ΢£˵û˭˭Ȼȴû£ȻȻҲֻܽȥ
ŮߡŮԱ߶ȥᡣ
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ͻһĻλа궼ˣǻȻת漴㿴һλһ˽̤һޣĳ߶⣬ղŵĽնġ
һ·ԶǴҪʱ䶼ֹܿ죬λȫڽʧǺܲңǡһôõ͵ˣңȻɱĮȴһеˡ
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Ůȴ˸գգַۣ㣬
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ʨǰУһյʱ˽ĿͶ¶һĨɫһͷޣǺ˵뷨һ꣬Ǹ꣬ʵľ磬ôô
ʨӣһַۣ㵱ʱʱ򣬻˲СľʨӲű£ΪԣȺ˻뷨
磬ǸǳôʨӵӴվ۱ϣԵúܿ
ûУҴңԶ½ַӦʹŮԶ羹ȻǴĴ½½Ҳ½һ𣿡
֮·;ͬ飬ֻ½ޱȽϵһû½ټƽʵҲ½ǿ󡣡
½ΪĴ½ȻˣҲôһ˲ŮЦ˵ţѾ˶֮ڣշеȫ¿£½ʮ֮أա
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߰ɣеġַ΢Ц˵˵ͷҹŮ츳ԣܽȥҹŮȻҲԡ
˵ţĽŲǹؿ̤ȥܿϧûܹȥصԭص¶һĨʧ䣺û뵽·һ꣬ȻǶȥ
ûϵڳתһȦҲǳʶŮο˵Ҳ׼ȥˡ
ҴǽȥɡַϢ˰磬漴ͻʨͬʱ˹ؿУ͸˾½֮ǡ
ڣ˺ŮãȻվԭأַͻʨӵӰѾԶȥǶӦԷˡ


2134 
ʮ򶫷֮λǵλ˱Ϊ֮
ֻһ֮أ㲻֪жôضǣֻһֻΪ򣬱һ۸ӵͳϽţȻվڽ۷ӵжǰһأίУΪÿһİѹ֮ˡ
ϾǵڳǾٰ죬˶ʸȥģҲʲô˶ܲμӾ˺޾˿ڣԶҪȥμӾǽǶôҲľ棬Ȼʧɫ١
ΪˣÿһٰԶҪʮǿһЩϸѹأȣȷӵʸμӾ
Ȼ飬Զǲ֪ģһ̤ƬʥأʮǺܿͻ֪ΪǣǾٰ֮أһеϢԴǴ
ַԼ꽫˺Ů˳УȻע⵽ûƬ̵ͣ˷֮룬̤嫳Уʱڵ֮ϣĿ⻷ңоһưٸн֮⣬̤񣬶ˣٵڽʱգ½򣬾½ǡ
½ģǿߺöࡣַĿΧȺܶ඼ɲ⣬ʾûκαǮλʺλʣڵײĴˣЩٵĺӣܻΪַһԣֵߵԼ֮ףԴԶܹ˵ġ
ͬ㾳۷ҲԱߵ֮Уܹ׵һЩǳ֮˵ǵһЩ͵л߽׵أЩǿļУƿŶԴء
ַڿˣȴҲͬв˵ĿȻ˻עŵľ޴ޣЩ·˶ԣַޣƺַ㱾Ŀ⣬Ϊһۣȴһλ
֮˽ԶΪ͵ûʲôµˣǵڲ֪˵ĵϸ˭ָǷء
ҪμӾôӺδַ֡аһȻǺϸڣȻҲ֪ҪμҲֱȥģô˵ģһȥҪ£֮ǰӦûɸѡһ˰ɡ
ַųȥǵķɣַߵУһ¶ľϢȺƶǽţַ΢ЦųǱ˹ȥ¥ԶǸϢۼ֮ء
̤¶ľ¥һַԸصȺ̽һЩǵ顣
ĳ˺߷һЩͻ˫ƴһȻӮˣ˲ĿһҲΪһ壬֮˵츳ǷǳģǾȻˣ˵ǻٱһأϴε档
ȺˣԭЩӮˣԵ½һǳǿĸ˲Żǵ﷢ͻҲȷʵȻӮ˶Է±ǵط̣ΪⱾֵķΧӸȤĵƷ
ȻͻֹһֻγͻΪ˫ԱȽĿѣʵϣвߺǵһЩǿе﷢ìĦǵЩǺεȵǵļ崣꣬ߣȻĸ֮߰һЩ߶ԣǲҺǱ˷ͻģҪˣӾ½ˣԶ츳׿ˣвһЩΪڵǵļڸԵĴ½۰һĴڣԸѹһͷͻȻ
һ㶼⣬ַ㿴޾ʮ١һʥǵǣǵ鷳ôԷҲһȻ͸ˣֻҪȥŪԷļҲܳǿ߳շѹɣַ֮ôǶ
ھ¥Ʒƣַ㵹Щûĳˣ統кļһ𣬵ҲɣżʱȹΪϾΪãһλֲ׼ģҪϵȹ̡
˴ξʮֱѡĴΪڣɸѡʸμӾˣǹʥ弶ʸƼ˲ţƵǺƵ
Ȼжǿߴڼֱ޷ֻһɸѡĻ޷ǵĸʥҪμӾ˶УƼֻһֵ̭ˡ
ûбѡеռЩˡ΢Цŵ
˵ħ׼Ұɣ˿ڵ
Ȼħ׼ҵʵӹɣһֱⶫ֮ľͷ֮һȻ˴δѡУԵʧɫ˲١
һ忿ʲôɾͣ˦Ҳ䵭˵ʱ˺ٺһЦûȥӻħ׼ҵ˿µĺܣʵǿʢ
ꡣʱһ촫ʹ΢΢һĿתĳȥֻһ֮ɫĮǿϢ
Ƿ³һѡ˭пǣҵʵʴʣСҲ
˵ţһ촫ʱµľһɿֲ֮»Ϊ顣
ħ׼ҵˡͫ£ʱЩ˵ٿڣħ׼ңǸµļ塣
ô˵ˡʱһɫ죬˵ֻɶžƱ΢΢һڡ
ղŵĻҲ˵ġаħ׼ҵļҵС˲ġ
ޣ˿ֻ꣬ԷƱ£ȷмޣ֮Ũ
ҵҪħ׼ҵжǿ˵գŲտȥħ׼ҵһҲգһ̼Ͽֲٹţɫ׵ͬǧ߰趯
ǿϢԵĹ
ޣƻûۼףֲһĹϬ
˲ײһɫ䣬˲ǰײû뵽ôۿˣַͫ΢΢һֻ֮ϣڵĽٹ趯أҫޱȡ
ٲħַͫһâħ׼ҵģźһĹ˵Ĺ½ħ׼ҵġ


2135 
˵սַ㷢ħ׼ҵǿ߶ٲħԶܱȵģ⹦ΪֻйϰΣµ˵۾޷ˣսҲŹ硢ꡣ
ħ׼ҵǿȻͬ˶Խõһµĳ̶ȣǿͨйϾħ׼ңٲħıңǵսַܹ֮˵ģȻַսҲôħ
ʵҲǼΪǿʵֲͶԷײ˿壬˵սʹضԶ˺Хչ
ԭħ׼ҵ˺Ϭˡеսܿϳս˫ħ׼ǵĶ֮򱾾ͷǳϬӵлѪŰˣҲǼΪ
Ҷ˵ħ׼֮ǿᣬҿҲδеǿ󡣡˵˵ʹò˳Դͷȥ漴һۡ
ǣָ㽭ɽ΢Ц˵Ȼ˵걻˳
ҵˣЩʵΪڲǰܸ˵½ֳҪҵ飬ΪһЩˡаţϾǴ֮Ƕ֮ĺܶ˶ô̸ۣ⣬ʹúųǵ֮˷ǳûӣĻҪ棬ҪôսһսʤԷҪôֵ
Ҳĸ߲ﲢôǼдٽȻЩȴЩŲˣȻҪҵ
ַȺۣҲ֪ЩԵ壬вɵһĨ뷨ʦľƻδãɽʥҪΪҩָܻЩļ壬Ȼó
ҪЩ߰ĵ͵ҩȴô׵飬ƽ˶ԣȥӽǣᱻΪΪʸǰɡ
еĴսԽԽŰħ׼֮˻ħٹ֮ϣпµĽ£ϣսǿᵽ˼㣬·ԽսԽǿȡ޾յ޾
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ϬҲǳգɻսˣѪӶŶԷ´лᣬٻᡣ
˵գŭХһ廯һȥ
˿ħ׼ҵǿߣ¶һĨɫսȷʵǿսƵǿ壬޿µħ
ʱֻĿ˵ˣЦһܾ֮ȴҲ̸ңЦ
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ҳˡֻʱʥ廯һ⣬ͬ㣬һִһŻ˲Ϣħ׼ҵǿǰԷ̧ȭֱӱ죬ħ⶯
͡һ˻ֻħ׼ҵǿ屬ˣɫѿֱֻ۷·˽֮ɫȭͷϣ·ѿ˰㣬ֲֿУͬ߰¡
ײȡɶѣӡʱһַĿת㿴Ṳ̊ϴһĨ⡣
ô˵ַ㿴ԣ΢Цŵ
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ȻʱʥĿ⳯ǡ
ʱЩͻأӶ̤˽ŲһĨɨ
ΣҪٱԹһôϴΰˣȴֶԺ˱ƴô˽Ų̤˿壬һƿϢȻǼϴϻ˵ˡ
Ȼ˵ȡɣǱȡɰɣȻҪȣȻ֮ǰǿԱƴҲȡɡʥ¶һĨĸ֮߰⣬ֻϣһŻͻȻͬһư㣬ΪĿ
սսֻ˰ȻϣͬʱиɫâƶʹƬյжһѹֵĻ֮
֮дŲͬϢʥĻһɺʹ͸ɴ͸֮𣬶˵Ļ棬еĻǱŰеĻ֮ͣˣȻֶΣ֮˵Ļ棬ɵۣڲؿ
ַ˵ʱʥ΢΢𣬿ˣ΢ЦԼһʱ䣬ϴεĵص㣬սΣ
ϵĻǿʢǽԶ¶Цֻһ˵ĵҪͬһصսǣϴˢϴεʧ֮裬ҳȫ㣬½ĵ壬ҵҪʵмֻ򡣡
ῴģȻҶ˵ص㣬ʱʥ
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ԣҵǡʥһ⣬·˱֮ɫͫ׳ַ˵ַԵĻʨӡ
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ʨӾ޴ͫһһ˻֮漴ַ㣬һۣЩʲô᲻
ҵĻ飬ƺôҪҶȥַ΢Ц˵
ٿһ£㿪ڡʥ
ˣױǲסַʨӵԴף治ôԸ
ȷʥƺɲôŪĻ棬͸ſµѹ
ַƺܵ˶ԷôѺõϢĵĻǲеࡣ
ʥ΢΢һ㶣漴ЦҴˡ
˵գַֻٶЦ£˻֣һ뿪ߡ


2136 ͬ
ַ㿴ȺȥһĨЦЩˣƺô˵ǰľƺԿϴǺ͵½ļ˳ͻҲⵤģϾǵˣ
½ǿߣһǷǳĸ߰ȥ£Ͼ˵ĵش
ħ׼ҵǿɻδȥֻ½һλĿڵ̫⣬ڲصɱȻĵıƴȻĶ֡
ףҲҪСʥ֮֮²ô򵥡ħ׼ҵǿ߿˵½ļ˷׷׵ͷֻղ˵֮ˬЦǵĵ壬ȻҲΪ½ˣηǣȻսʤһأеڶء
ħ׼ҵǿߵ˵ͷ漴ǵĿַϣղžܾʥ˵ûʲôСĵ㣬Ҳ˶ĻʨӣϵϲģۣǿĻ档
лѡַЦŵ
ʱ½ļĿַ㣬΢ЦҲô
ַ΢΢˵ͷ½
ãѾҵ˾ټĹʥ壬ΪμӾǿһ𡣡Ϊ֮˺Ц˵
ַԷ룬˶Էĺ⣬ɵЦ£δܾ׼ҵŵĵط֪ͨʦֵǣ˾ټȻҶԷ˼֪˿ܻԸŻᷢ롣
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ַ㿴˶ǷǳദʱüĿԵÿ˼֡
ϲ͸Ҳ޷ַЦŵֻµʥҪҪʨӵ𣬶ңңȴַͬ㵹ν͸Ҳ޷
ңң£ַ㣬ǲˣղʥҪַ罻㶼ûдӦôҪ
ùɵŮַЦ¡
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˭ڰضزءʱĽŲͣ˵͸һĨ⣬漴ֻյУмӰ̤ղǵַɨַǶ׵ķ˶ԷĴڣȻЩҲû˼
û뵽ǣ鵹ǲ٣λһ֮ˡһǰ̤һϳ۹޷Զ
ȻǼ˵ĿȴַֻϣĿĮɨһۣº޹أԼá
ˣǾĶ˶ôԷĻܲ׶Է˼
ǼһûпǣֻǶַԸһƷĵ۱ǻʨӣ㲢ԿΣ
ַüͷ΢΢£ħ׼ҵϲʥ鷳ˡ
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ǷȻˣǱԼȡˡԷһЦֻ˿̣ſֲĻ棬ʱһƻȥǳĿ¡
ַ磬㵽Һ档ңң̤ǰһվַǰ棬ͬһƻϵĻΪֵģҲΪѤ
ҺʱҪһѾͷˡַʼ磬漴̤ǰһƵԣǵĻ棬ǹϣ˲ô
ĿһܹͣԷϣ۾һɣʦԻǼΪóǺͻйصģвص¡
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ãһԷ֮򸽼ϡַ˵Ʊδ⣬Ȼһ̣һɿµ쫷ХʹǸоƮƮģ·ٶܹü㣬Ƭյķ֮·ں˰㣬ʹǵ̲ͫס΢΢£ǿķϵ֮۾Ҳ˰㣬Էķ֮ͺǵĻһ
ͬʱյУʼһɽɫշ籩ɫ˿ߣ·Ƭؼ䡣
λ۾ͫ£໥һۣ漴˵ĽŲͬʱֲ̤ͬʱεĵ֮ǿʢ˲䳯ַ߿
׼ɱַһ漴֮ţͬʱƻӶеĽɫٵĽ֯ɣͬʱ˵嶯ˣ죬µĿ졣
ַһʱշ籩ֱӽλ۾סһ˺ֱӽ֮˺ͬʱȻ䳯ǰһնһ貵Ļ·ջơ
ɱַٶȣɫһֻопµɱǣɫľ޽ֱӳɱȥɫ΢䡣
Ƶ峯ǰ˳飬ͬʱ˵弱ٿԷˡ
˱һһſµĻ汬ѣʹɫ飬ȻٶȺХȻ佫С
ɫӲѿǺǿ󣬸޷вǣ˸ǺܴѹŻ棬ֱܹӽǴݻٵĻ档
ֻһһָʱһ⳯ɱȥͬʱһһץһ죬Χնȼ
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æһλ۾һʱҲüͷţŲͬʱǰȥ
һεɱ͸ǰս۾ĤУɱʹͷ͵Ĳ£ͬʱҲˣŹµĻֱӡǵԴ
ɫ䣬ȻԷٶ̫ˣټ֮ԼǸǵִֻܲټйŻ滯ͷŭХĿ»˲ϢһйûԷ궼УֻǶݵɲǱ㳹׵ķٻٵ


2137 
Ļ棬֪ʲôɡַ㿴ƵĻа۾˵ĸ˷ǳãȻƵĻǲԵǿᣬɱ˶ԷȻ޶ǵĶ֮渮ˣⵤ½ǿ߻Ҳˣǿ
λ۾ŲȻֹסɫ˲ò԰λۣȻɱˣȻڵֻǻĽɫûЩĵѪ츳ôϾǵĴ۾ʵҲѰȻȴô챻ɱλۡ
ȥתʥʲôֶΣ֮óɣЩɱ˶ᱦ⣬ĺ˵۾໥һۣ漴ת̤ǹƴ˶Էŵλ۵Ǽֶ֣ҲӶˡ
ʱΧвĿߵɱսа̾ⵤ½ļﲻǸҺǵ˽а壬ʵҲǳ¡
ֵܻعַߣ͸һĨɫַ㣬ܹڶݵ˲ɾ󷨣Ѿʦ˰ɡ
֮裬൱ڵϵˣѾ־Ϊˣ츳׿Ȼǰַ㣬ӵֻǴô򵥣츳Ҳӹɵģֻ裬иǳõǰˡ
ǵĻ棬ҲܰԵַЦŻӦĬϵȷʵʦˣУҲʲô˲ĳɾ͡
û뵽ַôңңҲЦ˵ܹΪҶҳɹһˡ
Ȼֵַʦ裬츳ԣʵܹɹĴģܷõμӾʸǻҪŬУҲһһȵľƼ֮أһμӵʸ޷á
ƲЦⲻ˵ַ㣬ԼҲһھ⣬սʸûУƺܿЦʵǳⱾеӵе̨
˵ʥˡǸղھ¥սħǿԶŵȻǣվڶĲôһ޷վǸײ㣬Ҳǵڶײ㣬ҲҪ
½طˣ˿½ţѵǶĽײ㣿ȻǷ񶨵ģİ˿½Լ½ĵطеĶȻҲ۷Ǹ
ǶԼʵţǵţԸսϣ޷ǵ½Ǹײ㣬Ȼ½޷վ߲Σ޷ˡ
һ뿪ߣĳȥ
ǵҶңǵĹʥ壬ڵε
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Ȼǰǵ֮࣬ǵĴ֮£ȻǼΪѵģȫǣ·Ĺʥ壬һѡΣʸˣܽĴ飬Щѡεˣǵε
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֣ѡεĹʥҲ˰ɡַҶңǿ߷ǳ࣬ԶʲеμӾˣʵ̫
֣ǻˡʱֻһ곯΢΢һЦЦѣŷǳǿ׺
Ҷ֣£ҽʶһλַ㣬ҲһҪμӾҶҡǰ΢Ц漴ַܣҶҶ
ֵȻֵַܵģҪַȽһ˭ҶңҪһιͬɸѡǲĴƼǶԴ˴ξĸ𣬻ֲҪ֡
ӦõģҶ־ܰչذǡַЦŻӦһȻΪ֣ҶҸһѹأȻҪҶҵ˽һɸѡŻĴƼĴˣʸμӾ
лˡҶַ㹰˹֣漴Ц񵽴ҶҵԽԽ࣬λһãҲɳ̸Ծ½ˣضԼĸܹ˵Լļ⣬Ȼ洦
ã߰ɡͷҶżһ嫵̨ǰвϥƽ̨ռݣһĻҶЦЦŽ̨һַΧɡ
ַһâϥˣȷһЩǷҲֻо̨ܹǸʥʢɣһ𣬳̸⣬ż˵ìܴվ̨໥ӡ֤ܵˣԼ뿪
ַ㣬Ҷҹ˽ʵҲǲϽ̭һַ̡㴫ַȻһôһ඼ĸ˵֮ͬ˭ܷ˭ȻҪսŻݡ
ͺñ缸İˣ棬糩̸̸ܲҪô
ֵַһҪȥҶ΢Ц˵ַ˵ͷҲ˳ȻȻһλҲȥַߣַۣΪİ·ûƢ㡣
֮ˣǾԵģǿ츳Ȼͺã죬һ·裬ͻƾϰ񲻾ۺϣ˶ˣǿ䣬ƾ磬־ǿߣֱӱս
ʱĳλһ˻ڣôȴս̨˶ܹļ⡣


2138 һ
˵գλֻǸ֮һЦڳ֮˶ννأҪ̤߲εľ磬κζǲɻȱģѪ֮Բ٣ֻǲص㲻ͬÿóĲͬˣϲԼóһ棬˵Ҫġ
ʵԼףֻ˵Լɡ
Ҫʥˣ̸ʥ˵Цмһˡ
ղ˵֮˲ֻǽĿⶢŶһˣбһˣȻڵȶԷڡ
֮޴ǧΨгѴܳʥȻΪȣ֮
ƽ˵·ĻǵôĵȻ·ˣǽһ˶۰㣬͸ղ˵ȫͬԷĻƺ⣬ĻȴĮȻһȻȴŲ̫Эı飬̫䣬˵̫飬·ܿ顣
˼ƺĵǿ˿ݣ˵һ
٣ǿĻǽۣǱȶԷǿͷ·һİ㡣
ҪԹ֪ˡԷЦ£֮ǰԷĮȻͺйһͻĮӵԷһԡ
Ҷң㲻ɱˣҼΪͣҶӣ֣顣·ڸ߶ԷҸҶӣŲ֣һ֣ͱɣӵöԷѿֻ˿ҶҶ˷ҺۣΣ
⡭Ҷ¶һĨΪ֮ɫ漴ĮȻ֮ˣЦ£ȴǵͷȻλִˣǱ⣬ֻǣòҪ˼
ȺףҶ˵Ҳһ׻ҶұǸɸѡҶɲЩ˵̭ԣûֻΪҶϣǱҪֹҶɱػף˫ûҶûбҪֹ
Ҷͬʱʱվ̼䣬Ȼ䱬˳ֻһɲǣһͬްĿȥֱӳĮȻȥ
ˣֻһֱֲ̤֮˶Է·ҪûԷ࣬ĨԷ꣬ľ־׵ı˳ǹƣǳǿ
ʵΪӦõħ׼ǿһļһλƽ˵ȻֻԵңңЦ£ʦ֣ȻǱġ
΢Ц£ÿɷ񣬴ʱĮȻ֮վϢɻƽûκεţȻʱĽŲ΢΢̤һһ̣ɱ壬顢飬˼顣
䡣֮⣬һ˲о˱ȺϢǵĶҪñ䣬ǵĸ鶼ҪĨ
ޡɫ£˺ǿԱȶԷҪˣ˵·أʹƬչ
֮·Ϊȣ֮·ϡƽڣعһ̤˶оŰ·һ˿ҪڣҲ顣
޶˾·𶼱ѹƣɫ԰ףܵѹǿģе⣬ϡ
֮·Ϊȣ֮·ϡĻգþû֮䣬Ļ·
ɱԷһٶȹҪѹ飬Ȼֻٶ̤һǧ˿ԷڣĨһС
֮ز衣ĮȻ飬ͬһǰǧɱ·ڶԷŰһ̣˱ľԼȫշѹţգֱվǣκϢ
ǿ˿һĻͫкȻˣÿ£ǶһԾ½½ʵǿᣬȻԴˣɸо˶Էǿ̶ȣһλɱ·ڻӦղŵĿǧϡ
һ̣ʧȻ޴棬ַʱػΪˣȻû˵ĵزǿ̶ȣȻң⻹Ǵ˸ղű¶ʵ
ǧǧɱ鹫ӣ鹫ӡʱȺ֮Уһͫһʱڳ˵Укüɫ΢䣬ɫ£Ķм꣬ǣ½ˣˣ֪鹫ӡ
½¶ɻ֮ɫ鹫ӣܳô
½ſ鲻ͬĴ½໥нˣ鹫½Ϊҫ۵½֪
޵һۣ漴˻Լλãƽ£ûгϣѾ˴˭
鹫ӣһѹʵ죬½ʾţھ̨ϣҲһϯ֮ء
鹫ӣܳңң漴ַֻǵ鹫һ½Ȼܳ
һѹִʵˣֻԵͽһλշѹɱˡ缸˶¶Ȼɫղŵʵȷʵܿ¡
ַ磬Ҳ½ˣ鹫˭ңң΢Цʵ
ңңңңһۣ˵治鹫ӼһңңʻȻǲ׵ġ
ûнֹôַ֪㵭ЦŻӦһʹңңЦ£¶˵Ƥɫ
Ϊ鹫ӵĳ֣ʱȺĬҶѾ˽ʬ崦Ȼڳûпڣû뵽ҶҵУžһеһˣһ
λ˾̸۵ǲԸ̸˵˵Դ½ĵһʲôҲҳšɻҶ˳ĬЦ˵
Ҷ˵˵һʲôɡ˿ڻӦ
û½½ģ˽ܵ飬ӦģҲ֪һǺ˻£ʼ˸˵Ҫ½ʾŵϾʵľۻᣬ˽ӴţͬһȻʣͬź໥̸
˵Ļûģ½ǾģŸ㣬֪ǷҲ½һЩ磬ſ½˺ϳƵľһǿ
һôҶ΢΢һЦĿ⳯Զȥɫ¶һĨ֮⣬ȻһҲġ
һ½ʥɽ½߳ĵطҶǳЦ£˷·Ҳµ״̬½ʥɽҲжš


2139 ֮
ʥɽ½ԣڴ˵ŵĵط
󷲸ҴһʥֵҪôǿ֪Ҫôйʥʥɽйʥʥ˳ĵط
½½˿½ʥɽ֮
һʥɽ
ʥɽ֮ϣʿʿޣԶʢ½ɽɽʥɽ֮ˣ߳ʥɽߣʥɽ֮ߴ½֮ˣԶ츳֮ˣһޣǽޣ彣ޡ
Ҷ˵ʹɫΪľʿڴ½֮бͺ޵ΪأǵҲʿΪӵߣ֮Գ桢һԣΪ֮ΪʿȷʿΪ
ʥˣʿΪޡޡޣһΪ彣ޣͬԼ
磬彣˫ޣͬʱҲִһ֮һԻ򷨡һնǧˣԣΪڶֵΪɱ¾ԣɱر䣻үʥ磬ѱ˿δʥˡ
ҶĻʹһЩûŹ֮ͫͷţֻ֮·ܹܵһжô£үʥδʥ
˵Ŀⲻ鹫ӵϣΪһ֪һ磬˾ʾ棬ڳˣѾڲ֪УԼŵһΣǸоԼ㲻ӵоһƺŵľˡ
ʵϣҲȷ磬Ϊû˶øԴ½ľһƺţҲûʵá
˫صʥɽµһҲǸΪµַаţƺ˼ԼĶ֣˴ξҪԵǿߣкܶ࣬һоˣǾһ䲻֪ûܹ;һټһЩϹʥҲǷǳµģͬʮٳַ֮оһȵѪƺѾ궯Щˣһ½Ի͵̨
½츳ǿһˣ̨֮ϷѤײ
ȻһȻȻƼʤһ˵Ĵھп֣ܳÿһľʷнԶˣһеľλõһΣǰʮϯλҲֻ˶ѣҲܹսʤһǵС
Ҷ˳ĬˬʵЦһȺ׷״˼ء
õһΣǰʮϯλһҲֻռĸѣ̨ȷ̫аţȴҲҶĻֻЦԣһõǰʮϯλҲԻȫǰʮ֮ϵλõУѾһˣǣ˶ǲ̫ģϾȻԸԼ͸Դ½ųǿľһʵΣмֹġ
ҵ½һȻʵ£ҲǼΪʣƾɫ֮𣬽з֮ɫ֮ںһű䣬ǿͨ۾Ļһճɱ
ַԣƻ˵ʹɫ΢£֮˵Ļ֪ģ治ǿƿ̬ܳΪʦЩʦǵʵҲģⵤһʣҲǸΪ
ʵҲǿأ۾ʦ̵ġַԱңңҲЦ˵ַ㿴ѾͷһЦ£Ե½ǵˣӦöǵһΪϤɣǳƳΪһľʡ
ңңɫӦҲǶԾΪϲġ
̫½֮ˣ̫½һʥۣһֲĵޣ̫һҲǴ߳ʱһ˻ڣ˵ţĿ⳯鹫һۣңһ̫һӣΪа죬Ϲ̫֮ԣΪūܡ
̫Ⱥͫ΢΢£һµ˵ԣǵһʥǸаޣ˺鹫м֮ѹֶԷ⿴鹫һˡ
λ˵ˣȵ˾̨ȻܹˡʱһƽĿڣʹĿ⳯ȥ漴Ҷ΢Ц£ҲԣŴҶܹ˳ͨˣʱȻۿһˣڳĸλǰʵ
ſ½εȵĶ࣬Ǿһ˾ˣƩ½½֮ǰʥʮ٣ʮ߳սʥĻʳʥεȵ۷徳Σоˣ˱ӵпµʵοǰˡ
ʱһλﻺĿڵʹ½ļ˶΢΢ͷǶ˵ˣ˵յս޾ӵпٵʵʥﶼУɼԷʵ֮ǿ
ʥݵԼַ㣬̤Ϲʥʳʥ̨츳£ٳ֮ʱַ㻹һλٴսһ
ַȷ£ռȰ˸ﶼûܹɱɼж󡣡½ļ˹ͬĻ⣬½ȴûʲôоˣһ½ûѵֻ½ôкκôġ
½ţֻƬ½ѣǷ½ȴ֪ܹĸλˡ˵˵Щ½Ȼá
˵Ŀ⣬ȴͬʱַϣղţǵ֣ƺҲַ㡣
ҶҲ΢΢һַͣƺˣҲַɡ
ַ磬ǲ˵ɡңңգգۣЦĿַ㡣
ңңʱ½ļͫ׽Զһַ˿һϸһַףɵбһâ
ַ㣬㡣
˵֮ڼսӰпַòû뵽Ҷңһ鹫ӣַҲڡ
ַ㡣ַ˵ͷҲûʲôصġ
˿鹫ӵĿҲַ˹½ַһЩʹǷǳ졣
ַ㡣ʱ鹫ͻȻڣʹΪ⣬ôļһȻҲڡ
ַҲ鹫ӣ漴ֻ鹫ӵĵַ㣬֮󣬾ʱ˽޾ͬһλãȽϣΪǣǱʵȡһĳƺš
˵ţ鹫Ӿ¶һĨЦ⣬ȻΪ㣬Цȴôÿʺס
ַЦ£֮ԣܹƣ֮ǰ˽޾鹫ӱȽϹ
ȻΪЩжôĿЦȻУȴǱһϣϣ޾ǣҪʧ٣½ˣֹһˣվ۷̨֮ϡ鹫ĮȻ˵漴ȺֻվԶȥƽ˵ҶԺûʲô飬㲻Ҫˡ


2140 
鹫ȥ֮Ҳ½Ĳɢ뿪ˣҶΪȻΪַǰźסأΪǵĹϵҶҽַҲԺ֮УַҲûгȥ߶ﰲţͬʱʦֵǽ
ʦһ˶ǣֻǷֲʮ֮ͬǾݲϣ̨ټûܹͨ˵ˣǵȴ
ľԼ£ַһֱǵ٣ΪʥһֱػţˣΨһδǵģľԣûвμӾĴ㣬ֻһ·½ķ羰;˵硣
һգַԺ֮еʯ֮ϣĿ⿴Ժ䵱ƵҩַҲѧΪûֶΣ㽥Ľ֮ˣ⼸ȴһоֶθӵķ£Զյܹġ
ַ磬𣿡ʱңңַߣЦĿڵ
ҸңңˮƽΣԼǶϰƺһֱ͵ַ΢Ц˵
ңңͷ¶һĨƤɫַߣЦŵʦʦ㶼˵ַ磬½ôǲʵһ鹫ƺţܴܲӮ
ַ㰵ĨĨѾͷĺĻذ
Ҹ֪鹫ӵʵΣô֪ܴܲӮַʼ磬Ӧ
Ҳԡңң΢΢˵ͷ漴ЦҸ϶ܴӮ
硣ַ㿴ңңѾͷƺأ鹫һʵ֮ǿӹɣǧ˿ǧɱǳǿңңô˵Ҳ֪Ѿͷǲ֪ߵغ˵˵иĸ硣
ҸǺŶңңЦ˵ַ㲻ÿɷĵ˵ͷãϣԺܿ硣
ڴʱֻһӰ̤ԺʹַĿ㶣漴һâǱȥ
Ƹַܵе⣬ͣ˽Ųվǣַַ㣬Ҳ½֮ˣ֪Ҷңǰݷá
ôַ㵭һ
Ҫ͸µʵжĲ࣬Ҳ֪˴ξһƽ˵ϱһŽƺһޡ
սַģңң۾漴Цŵðַ磬ѵѵ
ַѾͷƺ˷ܰҲûоܾڵɡ
ַͬ⣬Է̤뵽Ժ֮Уַ΢΢֣ԪŶ򽣹Ī̸꣬¡
£ʱӿֲֿ⣬·ǧͬʱյŭХĪмСˡ
ʱңңѾԶԶ˿ռˣĪĽŲǰ̤һŭХν֮䣬ɱ⣬·Ҫһж㡣
֣ͣԷĹŽʣһƽ֮ȻĪǰ֮ʱ⽣ʱ÷Ƿ·ؼһɱ⣬ǱΪнģ³Ľ⣬·ǰ˿µа㣬պƶҪһɿֲַϣǽ⡣
Է˵ݷַ㣬ʵ࣬ȻȻսġ
ַҲδ̫⣬ֻЦЦֻ΢΢˶̼䣬ָпµϢڷۣʥ֮·㣬ƵУָ⣬Ž·޾Ľɱʱܱ
ǽޣѾֹͣĿַ⳯¶һĨ֮ɫ
ɱĪ걬һǧ֮·ǰĽУǰնɱһ·͸գնʱգ̼նַ㣬ȻҲͬʱַĽһ˦˳ȥһȻȴʹ÷·ƬضҪΪ֮Ȼ촫صɱ˲ΣĪĽѿˣַĽҲͬʧȻַȴĪǰŽ·ֻ΢΢һܹԷɱ
࣬ƺܴ
ġĪַʵ
ַЦ£еĽȻ䳯Ա˦˳ȥʱǵ·̼εˣûκε
𣿡ַ㿴Ī˵Īüͷ壬޽꣬Ȼַղŵ򵥶ȴ·Ҫ뵽һֲεУԼĽãȻ
ƶǶĪ꿪ڵȷһЩַĽûнûнУȻֲν޿첻ơ򷨣ǷΪ˵ʵ̫󣬶˲Ұܡ
޽꣬£ȻȴҲһֱԽã֪ĽǿĽҪĽĽУǰʱգͻȻ򣬽ûа塢ûзûеҲһ࣬ԳһɣӦ޵ģƮģġԡ⣬룬Ѵ֮ϵĽǷ񱾸þ޵ģСΣֻеһ
ַ૵ƺڶĪ˵ƺڶԼ˵
ȻĻȴʹĪ𺳣Ȼ¶ӦСôԼĴֻһ
Ī૵·Щʵ
ԣַЦҵһЩҲ֪Ƿá
ĪĬƬ̣漴Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ĹȥһҾף̧ͷɾĿ⿴ַ㣬΢Цһյ򽣵УΪʦ
˵ţĪٶ΢΢ˣֱԶ֮⣬תȥ
Ȥļһַ㿴ԷĶ΢΢һЦ
ַ㣬Ļöģû뵽һ㾹ȻԸ˷ʱ缸ǰַ
Ҳ֪ǷǿڳԣϾе뷨ԼҲδüȥ֤ܳɹĻԵַ΢ЦŵˣýϽ۷壬Ҳˡ
ˡңңƲƲ죺սģַ㾹Ȼָ
սҲҪˣʥǵսǷǳ⡣ַЦŵ˵˵ͷǵԼ쵽ˡ
ϴαԵĵص㻹жξ룬ڳɡƽ˵ʱ΢΢ͷ׷׳ȥ
ǿʥٶս½ļλʦϢѾ֪ˣһգϴμ˱Եĵص㣬Ѿ˵ˣвһЩ½صţ½͵½֪֮ڶΣʲô֣½ĵ崫ˣܷ棿


2141 ע
֮أоգ֮ϣһյأڵ֮Χܹ㹻Ұ
һΣ½ĵˣڴ˵أ½ĵ崫ˡ
գʥӦս½ĵˣ½֮﷢ײ
ˡʱȺĿתĳȥֻƵ̤вϴμ˺׵˳½ĵˣϣǲģοһѾйһʤ
ദˣ֪˭ĪҲǵ½˲ɡ˿ַһۣаȣַо˲˵Ŀ⣬Ȼȴɫƽ󣬻ʨӰĸţŰԽİˡ
һۣ´ǵ½ĵˣȻӵе
ˣ˺͵ֻżȻʶѣһʥҪĻʨӣûгɹ½˺ߵһ𡣡пַ˿˵ʱ΢΢ͷڴ˿̣һռ䣬һֻʥŵһЩ̤ɷЦãǵ½ˣмֵ˵ӦԼ
Ĵƺ˵㣬ս֮ˣһ䶼ţҲ·ͷ˵һʥǳĲˬ
˳ĿΣƢǲС˴սܣҵɣҪǵ½ˡʥվյУĿ⳯¿ȥһ˶Цš
㲻ؼңʦĸ꣬ˣɱذܡⷴ༥˵ʹʥ΢΢Ц£ãȻţ˴עΣ
ǣҲǣˣáƵ˵һ䲻ţʹǵǿж⣬ǣˣȻ˵ڻɣд
Ȼˣ׼ɣغһһ˭ƳĵҩΣʥЦһ
ԡͷһԣǱǱ½һȴֻӮһ֣֡
ϴѾܹ˴Ǹǻս֣˳ˡ絭˵ʹӦãǡ
֮ǲǻᣬսĻᶼûУ֪ж£ȴáɼ̱ĵ
ߡʥһֻһӰֱӽһ֮ϡ
ˣӹֱͬԵĵһĻʹʥͫ΢΢£㾹Ȼˣ
кβ𣿡Ц
ãȻԣһּˣҵҪ֣ʲôսʥϴ֮ʵǶԷ˵һˣʥԶԸ磬ȴû뵽һ־ͳսǿЦһΣѾȵֿѹƶԷ
¯֣˵ĻԶ̼֮佫¯֣½˵¯ԼƷҪȥƣϵȻõҩĺ͵¯㹻ǵļȻսϵֻᣬζʧܣֱˣˣ˻ȥѡ̫õҩȥԼûаƵǿᵤҩ
ǿĻַĿ⳯ŵȥ˵ѾʼֻĻ滯ʮһƣֱڲͬĽ䣬ǿƿÿһλĻȫԴ뵤¯֮УҪƳ߼ĵҩзģᵼʧܣˣǶҴ⡣
㾹ҲˡʱʥĿַ㣬΢Цŵϴ㽫ʨӽ׸ң֪ûС
ַ̧ͷʥһۣ漴ĿƿƺԷֻʥԼ԰ԼһƸ߰
Ⱥʥַ㣬漴¶һĨȤɫʥδɢʵԵЩΣ֮ͫУɵһ֮⡣
ʥĿ⳯һۣʱ˻⣬Ų̤˳ȥֻʥȴˣƷˣ֮֮׺Ǹӵ
ǶѾӦҪȴȻˣԵ㡣ϳƮŲ̤һϻϢ·һ֮
һҪ׼ϳˣ֮㻹ǲҪĺãƬ֮ˮƽ޷Ҳġ
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ȻִˣҲãսȥɡʥղ֮߳ٻأһ˿ڵս죬ǿֲһս֮˳ɽХ𵴡
սĻ޿ɱ⣬͸ͶǻʨӰɡʥַʨӣͫĮ͸һĨڱص֮⣬ϴʧܣû뵽ƵսҲôСӣóһЩĺܣʹλ۾ˡ
սսȴûлɵģһﲻϲȴǸսӣսη֡
ǰˣʲôעַƽ˵Ŀңʥϲ£ϣȴҲ¡
һ۵ƷΡʥĵ
ַĿ磬ʵ֮ûбʤգ
С˵ͷš
ַİɣǱʤңң˾СȭͷЦ˵
ǺãԻʨΪעʤһƷ۵Σַ㿪˵
û⣬ֻǵЩһˡ
ˣҲǴԼǣܿͻᴫϢģ˲Ҫһ۵ˡַ΢Цŵ漴Ŀ⿴ʥʵҵĻӦˣΪΣ
ĻʨӣȻҲû⣬ǲҶˡʥЦ
𼱣һַƽҪһָܴƷ۵ûУ
ʥüͷ΢΢£޸Ʒ۵ԣҲǷǳѵõĵҩϣֻһֵҩǳƣˮƽɹļҲСĿȥѴҩȥֵҩ
Ĳģַʡ
ãҴӦ㡣ʥĵ֮ս˵˵ҪζģûʲôҵĶòҪó˵
¯Լ棬Ϊע֪ûַƽ˵ַֻһ޴ε¯֣һŻϻ棬мֲͬϢ
Ұˣͽ㡣
һʥͫ£漴ٶŻ棬֮⣬û뵽㵹ЩöãǰܣԸٸһƷ۵Ĵۡ
עƽȣĵ
ټӵ㶫
ټϣ㵱˵棬ԼΡַƽ˵ʹʥͫ£˸ˣҪԼ졣


2142 ܵø
ܴ󡣡ʥַµĶע죬ɵɱ⡣
սľֵĻ˭Ϊսʥַʵ
ȻԼģԼԼսԸ⣬Ҳַɫƽʥ漴ֻʥĿ˸Цսۣսˣ߱ɱĪҪҵ۸֮ˡ
ܣԹȻҲһַɵĵ㻹δڣǷӦҵĶעء
ʥַ㣬ĬƬ̣漴ǹһĨЦ⣺ȻôˣԵˣսô
ַһЦĿ⳯ŵȥȻôţȻܹӮô˴ģôȽľõ굤ҩõƽϰɡ
ʥҲĿе˵ҩɻƣҪһöƷҩɾһ׵飬ҪĳǳĸӣҩġĴ䣬漴ĻÿһҩʶȵںϣٸַϵĴʦҩƷʵֶΣһһƷĵҩʱҪʱܹƳ¯˵ʧܵĽ֡
ʧˣѾǵڶʧˣʤȯܴ󡣡ϵһ֮ǵʧˣѾǵڶʧˣѹСϾʵǳϴ˵ıԱѹ˴εһξֱӳֱҪƷǳߵȼĵҩлʤĿܡ
ˣⳡǰܰɡʱʥЩɣȻεЩۣһʱòʵϳˣʥûӮһս䣬Ҳν
ǵϵ΢΢ͷ漴һԾⳡ䡣
ʥŲһ̤Ʈһ֮ϣĿ⿴ƣЦڶ˭
ղһ֣ʥҪؾ棬½˵ĴߣǿѾһֿǱȻҪˡаһУֻˡ
ʥ¶һĨõЦݣ˵һΣֵĻᶼûС
˵ţʥŲ¿̤ȥ뿪˵Ļȴʹʥ£ĿһĨɫ
ַߣ漴˽һĨЦݣ漴ֻңңĿ⿴ַ㣬΢Цŵգգ۾ַ磬ңңҲŶַ׬öҩɡ
˵ţңңڿնȥ˵֮ϣһĻʹȺĿԶ£ˣңСŮ
ô£ϴ֮սԼ˳֣ңңֻǿͣһΣٶԷʥʱ򣬾һλŮ֣ȺһĨ
ַ۾ҲԵǣ漴ֻЦַ㣬ңңʦŮңʦֻôһŮоһӣңңĸ磬ңңҲǰٰչˣңңˮƽǱ١
ԭˡַЦ츳ⶫǲģȺһݴǵ½ĵˣǵݵλַ㲻ôϾԵ½ôϤȻңңֵմѪĵˡ
ʥûΪңңС⣬෴ҲʶһƲԾղŵһ仰ԼŮвõЦݣʹľЩȻֻɲǼ䣬ʥס׼Ƶҩ
ǵοǶŶңң΢Ц˵漴¯һɫСѤĲɫȻ˳Сϵ룬˫ͬʱַǼΪĴ˿䲻
ʥ߿һۣɫԽ
ǵҵ½֣ǵ˶УŮǵѪˣֻǺô򵥣˴ǵĵ壬ˡе½ʦһĻͫ£ʹȺɫԽȤ
Ҳ㣬סַ㿴ңңַо̾һѤĻӰӣϵڵ¯֮趯ţңңҩģƻֱӴգĽ뵤¯֮У¯պϣƬ֮һҩ֮ζʹò¶֮ɫ
ÿٶȣѾнᵤļˡȺͫ漴ֻ¯Уâ˸·оɫ֮ƣ治ϵţȺԶԣŮֶΣȷҪǿһ涼ԣȻҲɶֻ۶ɡ
ʥû˸ղŵѣɫԽסԼԷǿʵ
ķֻǵַƻ棬ǺڣĿô죬ܹ֪᲻ңңĿ⳯Ա߿һۣƤ˵ʥѪĳ嶯ǵĵ֮ˣȻһŮ˵ɲǶôһ顣
ǵɫԶÿҲоʥҪܣһʥܣǵĵ壬ڶκ͵½ĵ˱ٴʧܣǶôһ飬ǣ޷ʧܡ
Ļ棬࣬һƿûУĻսԣ𵽸ãʥ磬Ҫȥ½ɣҽôңңЦ˵ţʥɫһһףŮÿ˵Ķǡ㣬Ŀ֮£ҲУ˸ûȻԷԼһͬʱβѿ
ҵĵҩҪƳŶɡңңЦ˵漴ſػϵ¯ϣֻ¯ζ˱ǣֲĹ·͸˶ӳ˳
ǿɫ⣬ɵϢ
һЩʦ۾ݺݵñһᣬܹܵҩļ
Ʒ۷۵СѾͷÿֲ۾ﶼƲּĵҩ
ƺɣǿ֮
ַ˵΢ңңȻô
ַ㣬Ϊǵ½ˣʵǸǱȽ࣬˵ʹַ΢΢ͷ͹ңңǼĿֲ衣
ɣɫ⻷ƣҩֱƿ¯ңңȻ佫֮ץأͬʱֻ¡һʥ¯Ȼֱըѵˣʹʥڣ֪ԼҪ䣬Ҫעһֱǵ¯ըѣʧܡ
ǵĵȻȫʧܣһΰܵøӵĲҡ˿˵ɵ̾Ϣǵˣɫ԰ףɫԶѿܶ


2143 
ˡңңĿ⿴ʥЦ˵һ
ûнأŵһʧܡʥ¶ʵɫεƻᡣ
磬ˮƽҪƵĵҩ»ҪһʱأټҲû˼ңңЦ˵ţʹЦ
ѾͷҪʥءЦţʥݣ׵Զԣʵӹɵģ绹Ҫһ˿ңңƳĵҩƷףõ״̬ҪƳƷĵҩҪЩ򣬶ңʧʾԻǿֲģˣʵⳡսĽ֣Ѿע˵ģ޴Ӹı䡣
˱ǰˣǵĵ壬ҲûбҪ䲻𡣡絭˵ʹʥɫָֻ࣬һҩҩ·˵궼оһŨĻɫ⻪
ȥʥʱҩһѤĻɫ⻪ңңȥ
ңңƻ£ĵҩ棬漴ֻ˸˵ַߣЦַ磬ҩõˣȷܹ޸Ʒ۵ҰԻⵤЧɢ
˵ţһƻ۵棬ַС
ѾͷˡַңңԴҩ𣬼ȻƷĵ۵޸ľƣӦû̫⣬Ͼľֻλʾѡ
ʱһɺսɱľ˹ַֻսϢֲʥվգĿַ㣬ɱΣ·Ҫʵʵâַն
һľ֣Զˡʥĵ
ַ̧ͷʥЦһıԵһˣøңǼǺУҪղŵĳ衣
㻹ǵöעôַɫһâȻܹĸܵʥеɱ⡣
עôҪΪһУҵģǲԼ棬ȻҲǡʥڵս׸ô
ս˵ͷŲַ̤ŵս֮⻯ֲĺޣַɶ
Ȼʥ˼Ҫսַɱ
ַˣȻģ½˵Ȼ٣ûа취赲ǶȡսƷ
ַСģĵĳս֮Ȼܿ£ҪӲңңַһƼĿַ㣬Ҷң½ˣƶַΪƳ磬ɼ½ַȻܸߵģʵȻҲǿǾǿ̶ֳȣȴö֪ˡ
սϢֲսӦڷǳµһ࣬٣ӦʸͨʥƼĴĵڶѡˣսսܷǿҲö֪
ַ建ڿգսƽеλãԽµƣȴɽȶôսԶûеݵĵز
սʵ£·๦ԶŵһͷޣޱȵټϸղʥǵʧܣҪɱˡ
ǵĵ壬ʥѾдԵ֮һ⣬лȨԳɲҰܣȷʵǳĲÿȻҪԴ˵Ѫ졣
˻Ŀ˵·Ѿַ㡣
ǵ壬עҪһαˡȻҲͬʱһ˱ŹŽƽ˵ʹòĿ
Ϊսܣ
ȻһǲҰܣܵøҡĪƽ˵ţַ׻ܶԷɱַһϯԻԺлصҲ˴οû½úñչؿ޽ˣڲμӾöνַ㽻оʵ̨ո¶ͷǡ
ҵЩڴˡЦ£ȻôĪĻЦݶһĨķζ֪˶ַš
սԽԽǿȻȴûг֣·ֵһ̣ʯ쾪ɲǣҪԾԵַ㣬ַշѹɱ
ȻҲڴʱַбϣʮȽǣһʥ˳ֱָۣ⣬·һ۳һ֮Ӱ
ַ·ȴһУȴԺ֮ŵģԺеӰ죬ʥԶʱʥ֮սԼͷǵеĽ⣬Ҷ֮·ܹʱⶼҪ˵Ľȥ֮λõİ㣬ֽǲڵġ
˭ܽնȥնʱⶼҪͣͣ⣬١
⣬ܳѴ֮ʱѲǽ
ˣַҪԣԼܷ뵽ֿ״̬֮Угһգսʱ򣬱ֱΪֽǿµɱ֮
ɱսһǿս֮ⱬ˳ȻʱַƷ·΢΢˶ŵ΢΢һ̫˽ϣַƳջһַ㲢̫⣬һŵģանĽ⣬̺պ·ǽɫͺɫϵĽ
һöԷͣյУޱȿµսƷ·𽥽ɢȥգ˵ѣɫʬ峯¿׹ȥɱˣһ
𡣡Ī૵ĳ̶ȣȻ׽нⷽǿȻΪȣȴַֻңַĽѾһƳΡ
ǵɫӵѿˣְˡְˡ˵Ŀע£޵ݵĸо
ַĽңң˸Щ̾ʾûˣǽֵزģַġ
ַ㲢ôںȺĿ⣬ɱһ۵Ըûκεĳɾ͸Уֻʥʵ̫ˣһδɱҲˣտɲŹݺݵĴһΡ
ˣַĿ⿴ʥ˵жԼˡ
ʥѿ֪Щʲôֻһ⻪˸һöҩֱ֣ӳַ˦˹Ʒ۵Űɡ
˵գʥתѾûȥˡ
ȵȡַ㵭˵ʹʥŲһͣȻתַ㣬˵ˣһߵĺãǣɲĴ½ˮ
ַ¶һĨȤɫʥˣûжԼвô
⡣ַƽʹʥüͷ΢΢ţͫɱǿȷҪ֣
ַ̤һٶȻһν⣬ʥȥŶԷôƽ⡣
ʥ۾΢΢ͬĶߣɱʼͬʱܵǿߣͷų⣬ҩ𣬽һͿأѾǶԼڴԼͬС㣬ʥӴǴȥˡ


2144 һ
ռһʱԵЩţַǵ˶ţ˵ǵΪȻַ˿̵İԵɻὫʥȵһЩ޷ԤƵ飬磬ǵǿߵɱ
ַ㣬ӲҪʥԼ˦Լ⣬ЩˣϾʥĻҲûдǣǵĵԣǿ̫ˣ½ȴһ½ϡ
ߡŲһ̤ʱǼҲ̽ٵַԣַԿ
ʥ磬ԼӦ˵ģҪ𣬻ҪǵѹǣĻĿɲʥһ˵Ŷ壬¶Ҫء
ңңƺЩ棬ȴʹõͷ΢£ΥղŵĶԼǷԸַĻ棬ȷÿ
ǶΪǰ̫ܵҡ
ʥڴʱԶеֱӲͷʥģҲ֮һ
ȺĿȻתƮķȥֻһ޳Ӱۣ֮󣬲˵ͫ΢΢£ʥҲͻأ

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վյУƮĿ⿴ʥɫƽĵʥȻԼͶԷ¶սˣжԼɡ
ƽ·ôȻʥɫ˲Ϣ΢΢鴤Ҫ˵ʲôȴֲ֪˵ʲô
ΪҲ۷徳ĵλƺʥҪߺܶ࣬ǵȻ·㡣ַĿ⿴ǰ꣬·һۣܹоǿ󣬾ʥǵȸܹ֮Ტ۵ġ
ǡڵһǳеλʥڶԷ֮󣬾ȻһɵĻ˵ֱ΢΢˵ͷ漴ַǣ¶µɱ⡣
ģ˦ϣʥԼݺݵ˦ԼһƣɫʱóѪ㣬Ҳ֪Ϊ̫ΪɫѪʥ˵棬Լ˦Լ⡣
ţǵڶơƣ֮Ӷַ㿴һۣ漴̧ͷеһĨԹ޵ɫ
ңȻĮʥӦǼһˣôԹ㣬Ӧóܵġ
˶սȴҵ棬⣬޷ܡһĨЦЦݣʥͷݺݵĲ˲ֻоһƻ⣬ǰ˭ղţôô˵
һ̣ʥĶڲˣ·ڵȴŽٵУǰվŵȻʼƽͣȻʥ֪жôĮԳѪɱԼ塣
ӽ㲻ǵ֮ˣһµ屮ȵгһʵϳԽҵʱԻȡҵλãµҵ屮
ƽʹʥĺݺݵĲ£еӶ·޷վɫ
㣬飿ƽ˵ȻʱʥѾЩľ˫΢Ĳţ̧ͷʥҲ죬Ȼɿڵû顣
˵ͷһУ·ôƽͣղŲһͨ飬ȻȴΧ˽ԶһԣʥǵʾһУҲܹǰĴڣΪʥһ仰˦Լ⣬Ϊʥһ仰˵塣
ȻһУˣû˾òԣĻڵһУȨ
Ŀ⻺תַˣȣĿַϡ
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ַ㿴·ӶԷƽУױȵĽΧȺĵȻ֪ˣǵһûĵһˣսţӸղŶʥĻҲֻҪʥκһ泬Խɻ塣
ַ˵ͷ漴һ̣ʧˣһӰһɿֲΣдַĲִټֱ̧һȭɱȭͷվʱԷӰȻˣһֱָӴ͸ַһȭ֮ϣʹַ屬ˣΪûжԷǿΪһָ֮УһɿֲĻȭͷУŰֱ۵ľֱ֮ϣ̼ٻ٣ֱ۷졣
ֱۺݺݵĲ˲һɿµķֱ۵УѪͬʱֱۣʱֱۻָȻȴǾ̾һùĻܿ¡
Ȼܹһ֮°ȻȺͫԶ¶ȵɫǵڶݲεεǿʢ£һǿߣʵжǿȻԽھո¶ͷǵһˡ
Ȼһûɱַ㣬Էδܴܲ˳Ծ
ڻһָɲӰͬȰ˻ԭأĿַһۣղоһɼͰԵŲִټһָûַȭУԼǺˣȻ뵽ֱַۣûֱַܹۣ߿һˡ
ʵѹɱսƽ˵漴ߵַߵңңǵ½ĵˣ
ôңң̧ͷĿⲻƵĿ
ǵѪߣĶ֣ӦҲŶԣǱһߣԼĻ潻Σƽ˵ȻַȴЦ£̧ͷĵղŶͻȻ֣ҪսŮԻǵĵһˣֻɫô
ַĻ¶һĨȤɫЦŵղŵһƺδʿɶֹ
ʥҲʲô𡣡ַͬƽŶԷʹ¶Цɱ㣬˵ҵС
˵ٶȿңңСҿһʱ䣬Ҳ˵ǵĵ۸㵤½ĵˡ
ַһˣʥ̫࣬һ⣬ַ׼̤ȻʱԶƮǵĵ壬ԭ˵ĿЦ
ţǵĿ⳯ǰ漴ֻȺһӰ˺ڷҹеĹȴֺǳ
кοЦ֮ˣƽĵƺо֮ˣϣƺĳֹͬ㡣
΢΢ЦЦƽĿкοЦۣ֮ҪҪսҶ㡣
ƽصյУʹͷ޲һǿ޾ǲ˵ʵǿһȻսԸȵģ˭˴Ŀǣ޷˭ˡ
Ҳ⣬Ŀһ֮ɫŶԷ˭
Ӧ뵽ġ֮ƽĵĿûв漴Цˣһʣ


2145 ǿ
Ϊǵһһˣǰ˵սˣܹ뵽ģֻе½ˣȣһϣͿԽų⣬ˣ׵뵽ߺˡ
һʣ
Ψдˣƣ˺˵
ʣһ
ǵһô⻹ҵһμһеһˣƷǷĻһ֮ǵһһֻǿһȻ½ˣȥȽϡ
аţ½Ϊģǣ½ǿֲм࣬˵ǵĵ壬Ҳֻǵڶݵͬλõв٣ڵ½ڵڵһݵģⲢ˵ǵĵҪֻǷŵλòͬһڵ½һڸǿ½
ˣһǵһǿôһӸо϶ԣʵȻҪһЩ
ַĿҲʣǰ˵һ֣һʣ޾ƾɫ棬ÿһɫпʵ¶Ǿǿɣʺ鹫м֮ôȻвͬ鹫ˣ·κ鲻ܶҡģն飬ϲޱʵǸ߹Ӧúйء
ַ廹ʵݡ
ֻʱַԵңң۾˼£žȥѹȴ۵
硣
ңңһʹַ£磿
漴ͷ΢·ʲô㣬¶һĨЦ⣬ˣ츳׿ңңǵ½ĺˣ͵һùϵƺûʲôֵģֻԵ½̫˽ѣΧһЩ½ɫƽȻڴ£֪ġ
Ѿͷҳ𣬾ͽɧŴܳˡʵңңһۣȻȴżֳ֮⡣
ңңž˸漴ʣʦ֡
ǻ֪ʦ֡ʵĮ˵ʹü˶Цʦ𷣡
磬Ǵȳġңңڵ
֪㡣ʴĻٴοǣκûʲôˣҪһΣЩϲƵˣǸճ
ʵĻüͷһ壬Է֮ˣȻ˵
ǰķΧȷʵôһָоϾǵĵһ꣬ԷֻǸѾͷ˵ŶԷԵЩԵȡ
ʦֽѵǡ΢΢ͷҲ֪ʲǣʦֵΪֻǴңңǰǣȷʵЩ嶯ˣңң֪ʺʱأǲžҪԼһҲ޿κΣʦǶΪͷ۵ĺܡ
ûٶ˵ʲôĿٶ˶Ⱥ
սһѾͷ֤ǵʵɲôʣҾҪս⣬˵ǲУԴӼе˹͸ż⣬ڣԷǷˣ߽棿ʦĻǱ֮ʧô򵥣ΪҪʵˣ֮һ
һ⣬ΪһҲ˵ңһֱҪ;һϸ£ײȴһ˿ɣϲ̫ûаյ飬ھٿ֮գȻڴ;ʵײȻİ˾УǷӰľ
˿̵֮УԽԽӰƮֻһۣޱȣ֮ͫУһħ⣬ʱ˫֣·Ӳվǣƽĵ½ĺ˺½һһײһȤɣҺڴ
׶죬ħ׼ҵˣһħ׼һһˣħ׼Һ͵嶼Ƕ֮ˮݣеһҲʱײȺţֻһ˿ڵһʥħ׼ҵˣ׶˴Ȼϣʺײ
Ŀ׶죬ͫһ⣬һŵԼܸʰɡ
׶죬ҲżۼȱûᲢ۵ʱʵҲѷ㣬̨֮ϣԻ׶䵭ĵ
˵ǷҲҪײһ׶쿴˵
ߡһĿطм˵ʱ£ЩһﶼǶ֮Ϊļһ
λˣȻˡЦ˵ֻһЦǵ͵½ĵԣڵ֪ǵִ֮ҴҸҵܲǰһִչķԼҫ
˵ĻȺɫԽȤȻڼ;ʶ֣ȺҲӦ˹˵ղŵʥΪģǣȻǵ֮УҲв˹ע֮սܺܿĸ˹ʥΪƷ
ңϢͨĺܣ׷׶ôĵˣƺҪȤ֣½ĵ֮һս
ܿ죬ֿһˣֻɫĮ˸оĮȻ֮ͫз·ûκε̺С
Ǻˣһ
鹫ӣȻҲˡ˿꣬ɵ£˺ȻҶҵ鹫ӡ
һ鹫ӡĿһâڵмλһˡ
ʦֻڱչ֮Уûпǰֻˣŵ֮ǰһۡʱһƮ˹漴Ⱥһ֮ʿЩ֮ƽţ͸ż硣
ˡӶˡ
ʥɽˣҲˣ֣Ȼô֣һλȺ𺳣ԭ˵־ͽˣʥɽ֮ϵʿʵ£һʦܣʥɽһǿļ֮һպգ˿ѷ׶Լǡ
ǿ¶棬˲о⣬Ȼе˷֮⣬ǾһӰô½Ӷ࣬Ҳ½ⲻһСΧĻô


2146 ٶ
ȻλˣǷöˣҲǿ۽磬½Լ½ĵˣ˭Լսʤһ
׶Իţ·ս㡣
ǿ߽٣û·һΣѾ½֣ǣغ½֮ս½͵½۷֮սЩ뽵ⳡսڱС
ʼնδй·ںһڵ½һǵһˣգĶޱǿ
Ҷ֮ҲһֱܹĿһ۷֮սʵеˡ΢Ц˵·ԼʣѾͬ˽֮ս㡣
ЩһﵹȤ;ʽձҪҪ֡Ⱥ״ɵа漴ֻĿ⿴žʣһĨǳõɫս벻սԸֱѹűҪսĸоǳϲ
Ȼϲûܹʲô飬ˣžʣڵһʣҺһԣȻȴϲź㽻֣ˣⳡ棬Σ
ţȺĻΪ⣬һ־棬Ȼѡˣһѵ˵ĳЦô
׶˶ϣս˲༤Ȼȴսɣ˷飬˿̣кܶ࣬ڵ֡
ղţҪñԣվȴ˵㲻֣ѵֻȱ˺㽻֡ȴȻôˣղŶԷδ֮ǰǿƵĺܣҪңңԣҪԻΪעƺңңܾС
ΣʣȻôˣûô˵
иãǡҲиܵܣͬǣѪˡ˵ţʱ˲뵽һˣС硣
Ȼȴ֪ˣƺôƫǸսսˣƺǽȻ෴Ը
ˣ˵ܵܣ˲ɵЩɻ;ʵңң֮սĻǱذɵģѹûȤʥԶԶĲ硣
Ȼأʵ
ҵĵܵܣóȻȴǸսˡĿڣ£˾֪ûҲûбҪңңƴսӮû˻ҫܹʡ
û˵֪˵ġ
ҵܵܵʵãȻսǲģˣûбȽϵ壬ȻȻҪյĽһ֣ҲԸսҵܴܵͣҵܱܵ꣬ӦҲ㵤½һЩˣǺսĻȻռ˱˵ģȻǰǣΪһ㣬ܳ֡
½ˣȻǵǣֻҪʾ֮ˣǣԺҵܵսҵܵǰܣ⾻֮ԸΪԼó
˵ţ֮Уһ棬ǴɫģôңȻΪڣһ۱ܹоķǷ
ôǣȻԸó֮𣬵ȻǵСӣôܻܣΪһľԳ֣ȻսСӣ˭ǡ
֪ףⱾһƽսļ仰ҪսԼķ򣬶ԳֶԸʣΪԼҲûаܹԸǵһ
ûĵܵܣ֪Էսǻףĵܵܣս»ǿǿžԵʤ㣬ԣŻһΪע
ǿĻ棬ʦļֵ޷ʦԶóһ⣬ûл棬㣬û
Ҫ֪һЩޱȵҩģҲһЩϡ㣬ڻˣҪ֮ڻҪ͸¯Ҫ¶֮£ġ
ܵʤأңң
ֻ΢΢һЦȻսҵܴܵսԲʲôҪֻҪ֮ˣҪ
Ļ£ʱȺĿңңԵַ㣬ģַֻˣɱս
Ȼ˵Ҫַȴֻ˵ɣʲôҪȻַⲻʲôҪ٣еǶȣУַҪȫԵȵģֵַһġ
ʿַһۣңң硣
֮ˡƽĵˣȻҲˣעⲻǶע
ԣֻҪǲֱԣ飬ԼȻЦ˵
˼鹫ӵоһȺĿȴĮûκεֻǣ¶˼ɫȻɸе˼ַ½ϣǲôܶ࣬Ȼһ½Ȼ˿˵Ĳֵһᣬһ涼磬ѵһ˼ô
ȷ˼ĪҲЦ£УһƲˬ̬ƺǷŭ
ǣҪ֣Ҳ޼£ΪλҪһעʿ
ֻϣԼӮ˼򵥶ѡЦ˵
ˣ磬ܴӦңңžʵ
ַһֱڳĬɱʥƺЩֻҪμӾƽô
Ӧɡַ㿴žʣ˵ʹþ¶һĨȤɫַȷǲûսʤİգңܴܻܡ
ҵȻύ㣬ԣһսԼַ֡㵭˵ʹþ£ĬƬ̣漴ͷЦȻԼûȻ˵ʲô
ңңΪӮһöҩ棬ұ͸ңңɡַɿڣʹþеȤɫŨͷãʤˣ棬һңңġ
һߣȴ¶һĨЦɫַ㣬ʤ
ܵʵһѽǵĵ壬츳һʵ츳ܵܣһٹЩʱ䣬ǵһ˵ĳƺţָܷܹܵ
Ҫɱ˭ԶһĴֿͬһ꣬Ȼȴ˿ûַȣ෴£ԶǿҵҰԡ
Ƭ̣磬վƬգϵĿҰϢֲĿڶȺɨš
ַ˳ȻδսǵһȺ΢ЦŵɱΣ
ַʻʹ˵ӽԶ£ַɱ磬Σ


2147 ˭Ƿ
磬׵ܣǵѪˣ츳Ʒ䲻ϲս츳ҪߣǵΣ
һֻ׼ɱַ㣬ַ㲻ɱ磬ΪǶ֮򣬵ĸַ㣬½ˣ⣬ûκθǾҪҲ޿ܣǵĸҲ⡣
⿴ƹƽսʵƺôƽ
ȻַĻҲ󵨣˵Ҫɱ硣
ЦַĻ¶Цɫɱ磬ǵ壬ز׷
ǵĻпŶȣַ㵭ķһЦɱ磬һϼһܳ˵ļһֿԣȻɱҵˣⲻǰ֮ôŸЦɡ
ҪΣͫ΢䣬ɱ
ȣߵе۾ﳷˣ뿪Ҳϣսмʱ⵽޳ܵĸšַƽĿ⣬漴˻֣۾֮ˣذɡ
ߡЩ۾ַһ漴Ų󳷣׷뿪ߡ
ڿôл棬ٶʵ
ΣһԸ˴ζľֵַĿ⻷ˣٶƽʵϣμӾ֮ǰҪӱǵ׷ɱĸоɲô
һȷⳡľ֣ܴô˿̣׶Įڵħâɨʵ
Ȼɫÿһ򵥵սôãʵЩ롣
ǺãȻô˵ˣħ׼Ը磬ȥħ׼ңħ׼ֱӻĴǵһѡΣҲһˡ׶컺Ŀڵ㵽ĴζŽǾĿѡٵҲҶ㣬򣬱Ǵء
й涨ˣһʥľټѡνĴκ˲ٶԼԼսΪΥ
Ϊ˱ĹƽκڵӰ쵽ǵһЩǿǿ̫ǿ˱ǲμӾܹõõıֻᣬɲһ¡
ں嫵ǣûܹɣ˵ִʱǣһֲһΪ˰ɨƽߣְɱ½ǿʱ֪Ϥһٽɨֻһҹ䣬һӴʧӴˣ˭Υء
Ȼˣ鷳λΪһսĿռ䣬⣬˸⣬Ҫ˸սַƽ˵һʹԽĮǷ㵱ҵʲôˡ
ʲôˣܿԼῴԼҵʲôˡַĮ
Ȥ鹫ǹһĨ⣬漴ֻŲ΢̤Ľ˵֮˵ߣĬĸֶ
Ǻǣȷ˼ôУƵ̤Ҳͬ鹫վһ飬ƺõ˵ǰ
Ƭ֮󣬲˵Ӱ׷׶ǴֵˣҪͷܳĺ󱲱ԣϧƺôӣܶսĵ֣ܵĿģֻһЩӶѣƺϧһ侻֮ΪעĿȴֻҪַһ
ȻǲԵȵģֻҪַ֤һЩѣһЩ棬Ȼַ㣬ȴƺҲǺȤˡ
ԣҲ⿴һЩȤ鷢
мƬռ䣬ֻʣַԼ磬ֻϵĿҰ֮Ѿͷŵ˷ĵزҰʮ㣬·޷סҪ׵ı
ǆ¡ɲôĳ죬ȴű֮ϢŲ̤𵴣ͬӰƱʹ˵սȺ𵴣Ұްļһ֪жôĿ¡
˵Сһ裬Ǳ̬ģû˸ҺӲ˵˵
ֻʱСӵ嶼ȼŻ棬ͬһֲĻ㡣
𡣡һҰı֮һƣַ˹ȥ
ַо泯˹ÿһƻ涼ӵпֲķַָֻ֮֮У޾Ľ·ѹǣͻأն˳ȥһֲĻ⣬ն˻֮ϣͬʱ̤ն¡һ죬ȼ屻ͬһĻ㳯ַ˹շһУء
ַƳ⣬ͬµĻ淨ȭâ֮У¡¡ĿֲűŰĻ֮з·׵㣬ٸħ⣬ڰ׻âѹȵƣľ
һҪӲɣңƺƿضϵ
˿ַƴƣֻһĻ˳ַ˹ȥֲĻ֮ȭХźɱȭδǻһɲǽַû
ɱХһֱŰֲ˼ޣҪƬնһû
ͬʱַĲ̤˳ȥڰ׻âȭϣټױȵַţֱܹӽײ
˵ĹײһһɿֲĻ沨񷣬ͬʱһֱӳգֳȵĿֲϢ۾еµȸУ赲סһ̣Ǳ㿴屻˳ȥַ㣬ȴһ̤׷
ʲô
绹£
ôܣ
ǵȫɫ̣ǵɫһСӣշѹ
ɫѿɲţ漴ַֻϹ⻷ƣҫ죬Хֹ磬̤⣬ԡ⣬ڣһ̵ƱȷӸӡ
ɱַ˲ϢǰĹ֮ѹ䣬ŭ˻𣬷ȭɱȻֱٶȶ첻ϣ·ͷҪѡ
𡣡˻һ죬Ⱥ˽·ˣͷţַ·ҲҪɽꡣ
ֵĵǻĵַаţȻʲôһշѹ¡¡Ŀֲ첻ϣԵԼϣ޼᲻ݵļ̻ʥȻַһȭȭշѹͬˣزǬĻʥĿѣֱڳ׵Ĵ£ڿޱȿµĹ
ΪֱӰԵսϢΧ۾ĿɿڴͷϵĲţʲôŰ˭Ƿӣ
ڣзһ˻֮ʹõͷݺݵĲš
ɫҰף漴ַֻ㽫ڵϣһȭֱӺ֮ϣԽԽ磬ƺֻʣµˡ
ס֡һɫҰףֽ֣δ뵽ȻҲû뵽Լ֣ΪΪҪ
˵ʲôˣԼῴġַת˵һٶһȭݺݵıѪ£Ҫѿ㡣


2148 
Ĳ״ʱɫѿϵ޷ԵЩŤ·ʢŭıԵ׵ı
־棬û뵽ģ׵ܵܣСӣս˵ķӣ˿̣ȴڱַ㱩ᡣ
;κһսó֮ΪעΪǲܰܵľֻ֣ǴһԷһЩӶѣĿҲֻҪһ۵˵Ȼǲ۵ˣʱԾԵշѹĵܵ磬Ҫĵܵܺ
û뵽ˣû뵽ⳡݵսľʣƵķ磬ıƴϣַѹַ㣬ңԣÿǺ¡ıŰ죬ǸоԼҲ֮һ
ҷղϿŵĸ߰ĿһУôɾôַ㵭³һһȭݺݵĺҶ£֮ϣʹҲ֮
ſԲɫ䣬ɱϯȻַֻǶ¶һĨЦƽĿڣ֮ԽڣֻҪ㿴˿̵ıֺ͸ղжôǿҵķҲղ˵Щ߰ֻ޳ܵļ֤
ˣϻ汩Ȼֻ˿鹫ӽŲ΢΢һ̤ͷţ̼ƬɱһƬǧ˿·ȫҪɱ֮ÿһⶼɱˣʹĽŲȻͣԭأǰ鹫ӣɫѿ
ԲںԼµĳŵ벻ҪЩ֤ߵڡ鹫˵һ
Ǽһ˵ûǣƺȷһʵ־硣׶˫ֻǰĿⶢŵˣ¶һĨЦⳡսҲǵˣַʤɱҲɱˡ
ɫŤѿͫͨ϶ַȥƽֻо΢Щ⣬ƺַ㽫ĵ۾ǿ߲˽סǵ⣬һУȫΪĨɱ׵ܵ磬׼
Ҳ˵˵ⳡսֵʱַ㣬ѾһУ
ס㣬ܵܵˣַĮ·͸Ժ֮Уصݣͬһħƣĵܵ磬ַе뷨غϣͷĲӵ
ⳡսʱ򣬾Ѿעܵܵ仰˵ܵܵһû
žŭХɫ԰ףŭһ
Ѫɫһ˻ַһſ죬Ȼ佫ĵܵûˣʹɫ׵ŤͷݺݵĲǵս츳ǿķ磬ΪһССĶľ֣
˵ֻΪһƲô۵Ϊĸ߰Դ󣬿ǲ۵ȴŵܵܣ˶ԷУںޣȻںޣʹޣȻһжȻ޲Ѿ糹׵ûʧߵС
һȻֻ鹫ӵдһ˿Цɱ֮ˣпЦ֮
Ŀ⻺תɫ鹫ӣ·Ҫŭй㡣
½εȶǣ˾һ⣬ţ͸ĿˣǵһһˣԼĶ˭͸ôĿĪǽԼһ
鹫ӵźεķ̺֮⣬عͷһַ㣬¶һĨĮЦû㵽½Ը̬߰ӵˣվĸ߶ȣǱվҪߡ
ĮĻͬһشôͷһһˣʳֵʱΪǲĶ֣ǲĶַ֣㣬;ʵʦһ𣬲ǸǶѣ⣬ǣ˽ַôַ֪;ʵĹϵ
һУֻ֪ĽԼ뷨˽ȥΪǵǱͷǣⳡ磬׵ܵ˶Էʵ˶ѣô޴֪
Ȼ飬ƺûн
ʵӰգǰ³һ档
ƽһڴʱͷǶôз̺ζȻˣԼӦģܣ򽻳֮
ڣĿһҰܣĿĵܵܣս츳ǰ˱Űı磬Էڴ˿̳֣ҪսƷ档
ǶôпһȻ;µĶԼԷҪ飿ѲɾҪ˿̵Լŭ
Ȼܣ˾ʺԥǰҪⳡսĶע֮˿ٺݺݵͱһ
ƾ֮ǰңң飬Ҳа顣
ֻǳ鴤ɫѾŤԵĵǿ߶ߣƺܷŭȻΧǵȺַŭܿܶѣʤˣͬ޹ַô
Ȼˣˬ㣬αͽЦϡ˵˵ȻԼµĶԼôӦóܡ
һףһŻƮϵɱǿңЦһƮĻ漴һңңԣݸңңȻԸ͸㣬°ɡ
ңң΢΢ͷַллַ硣
Ѿͷղ㲻ҲӮһöҩôַЦ£ڱ˻Եø
Ǹˡ׶쵭˵Ӱͬһ磬ַԣַ΢΢ͷ˵սʱܶݣȻȻзǳڣܹڶʱԶѾпֲƺХȻЩղűߵĵ۾õϢˡ
ַô꣬Щ֮սµĹƨʲôǹʵŽй򣬷򣬱ɱҲǰɱҾΥˣΣ˶ˣΣ
ˣַһ飬ֻǽȥὫνĹǽȥ
ŭХ׹죬˵˲׵統ʧԶȥ׶Ӧַ㣬ɱ磬ԸⱣַĴַİΣõԵıϣȻӦˣ޹棬
׷¶µɱ⣬һȺԶ׷ɱȥַɱ֮κεĹ򣬶ǿ̸


2149 ħ׼
ַȥ֮ԭȺȴɸовʵ֮У漴˿Ŀ⿴һ鹫ӡ
һ鹫Ӹղ˵һλȻַ½֮ҲǸǳֻǵǲż֪ˣͬ鹫ӸղǾ仰һ֮ʣź֮࣬½ۣʲô˶֪кοʱ
뵽⣬ǶԺ£Ҫ͵һЩźã˭֪ǷֻߵĿȥһеĺȴŰĵܵ磬ֱɱ
ַսǿ¶Ժ͸㽻һˡңңĿ⿴žʣ̾ȻѾַ֪½û뵽ַ㾹Ȼôʵǿᡣ
ȷǿ֪еӳﵽʲô̶ȡʿַʧӰƽ˵˵仰ʵĿⲻתĳλȥһλͬ˵Ŀ⳯˵ĿײʹնȻһɿµϢ
һʣһ鹫ӣǵĿ⣬ײһˣע˻ھ̨ѤĹâܻѤ̨Ϊ֡
Ȥ΢΢һЦϢ֮ƣգڸղŶվͬһӪȻǶףֻһ¶ѣǣǾ֣ǲμӾˣпǵĶֻ֣кܶˣʸѡ
֣֮ǵ壬澡ʧһֶܵɱ̾Ϣһû뵽ⳡʥ뵤½ļܻ˵ľʡ˵עĿ£ᴫݵ֮䵱С
ڴʱ׶ַ㣬Ѿٵһħ֮У˵ħǣʵϣȴֻħ׼Ҷѣͬһǰ㣬ɫĳǱΡ׳ۡ
ħ׼ҡַĿ⿴ǰĳǱ֮Уһڰ֮ݣϷпֲħҫֺ嫵ĳǣ·κһطʱܱǺڰ֮ϵ޾ħ֮С
ʲôַͫ£ǺڰǱǹϢÿֲµ˼¡
ħ׼ҵػʥħ飬ħ׽٣ħ׼ңͬʱ壬ħ飬˲佫ûɢ׶ЦŻӦ˵ֻ˿ıǸ޴ĺڰħ𣬹ڣַʵΪ棬׶죬һ˫ħأ磬ͬڰ㣬ٶȷǳ֮죬ټΪħ׼֮ˣȻǿ£һսԵЩֲˡ
ʥǿƣ֪ʲôܹʥ٣Ҫﵽ󽳲Сַаţʥ֮ǧطӵпĻȻʥֱȻҲͬܣ
۷ʦܹƳʥĵλ
ħ׼ԡʥ֮£ħȻΪɡַ˵׶˵ͷЦȻַ㣬ǽȥɣħ׼ңûͬЩʥһǿǣħ׼ҵˣľӢǵҪħ׼ңǶûлᡣ
˻˵ַһħ׼ңǲѡɡ
Ƕħ׼һǵ壬ЩڶεʵûܹΪĴһɣûܻѡȨȻӵһЩȨģֻҪھ½һЩֻҪ⼸Ҫʲôֱ뵽ĴС׶΢Цŵ
ô˵ԭڶݵɻǲѡΡַЦЦ
ⲻһǲѡΣֻбϿɵ˲ܽҲ辭˵ķʽ̭ˣֱߣֻҪԸ⣬ħ׼ҿʱĴһһöػǾû˸ٶˣΪʱѾھĺѡ֮С
׶ַ˵ʹַЦ£˹ЩڶݵǲʥһѡΣԵõۣʲô˶һǵ۾ͿֱѡĴȥһ㿼ˡ
ȻЩӢԣҲֻǼһЩ鷳ѣڹʥܿˣȻҲܹ˳ͨġ׶Ц˵漴˽Ų̤ħ׼֮Уټļ壬·𶼱һħ̧֣ͷȥܿµĺڰݣ·һħʱ£ǵϡ
ٲħڴ˵ħ٣֪ܷ񾪶ħ顣ַа
ħ׼ңٲħڣĹҲƵģȻַҲףȿµĹϼ壬ǶԴйǼӵģֻҪ֪ˣ¶Ĩɱַ㲻ȥἰٲħ顣
Ϊ׶·ħ׼֮г裬׶죬ħ׼һһˣλ֮߿֪
ܿ죬һ嫱֮ء
ֻˡ˼׶ɵ΢Цкһ
׶΢ЦŵͷӦ£漴建Ʈڵأڵ֮ϣ̼䣬в˵׷׳ַͶнԶ¶һĨڰ֮⣬ַͷ΢ħ׼ҵˣܶ౾ħޣħޣŰսɱĮǵƶЩŰϢ
׶죬˭Ȼʸֱ̤ħ׼ңǷǷɡһĿԿ֮˶ַ㣬˫޴ħĹ⻪ǣַо΢΢Щʧ
ħ֮־ַͫҲ֮ɫ˶ţ̼䣬һĨĨħϮʥ֮⣬Է֮Уʹǿħͫһһµĺ⣬ŲȻǰһ̤ǵĿϣرҪ˺һ϶Ӷַ㣬һ˼׶죬һ档
˵ţ¡¡첻ϣ̤ŵ泯ַ˹ÿ̤һ涼·ڶҡ㣬ƶڻζ
һͬȵľ޴Ƴַѹȶ£ǹϢħſµ·һƾַܽշɷ飬׶˿ˣһĻ¶һĨ΢ЦһҪЩˣַĿùǵҵСӣӲĺˡ
ַֻȭâ֮ȫǿħ⣬һȭ¡һ֮漴ӣŵţǾ޴˺󣬷һͳ˻֮׳ֱ΢΢ţĽǷ·Ϊµ˰㡣


2150 
ǿ嶨ֻ˫޴ͫ׶ַ㣬һͳ˻֮üһһǿѹ׶ħ׼ңȻй֮
˵ţֱۺݺݵһʱħҫϣڻֱָĽǡ
ʱкХֻ֮˳ΧĿԶַߡ
ܹǴͷܴ׶죬˭ǵôǿУ
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һɫԵЩǴһĨЦ⣬˵ţŴ˻΢΢ͷȷδʼƺøǿ߶ܶࡣ
׶죬ղһЩ֮Ҫ𣬽ΣȥһȺСĽѣδ֡˿˵תۼ䣬Ɽݵģʮˣ׶ߣҶɫŲͬʣȻӵеҲ졣
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ɱ磿һЩǵ˵һȻ֪ǺˣǸղʱ򣬻벻֪Ҫˡ
˵Ӻô󣬾ɱ磬ʵ½ĵ壬˾⻹ǿôңŹɡ
ȻԸղһ·׷ɱ׶Ц˵ʱĿ£漴׶Եַ㡣
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λ˿ġڴʱһ漴һӰ£ܿ죬ͣյУȻ
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ֹȻȻѾˣ֪ǿߵļ䣬صڳ˶еɡַ㵭˵ʹɫԽԽѿ漴¶һĨЦ⣬ˣģֻҳԲѷҲ֣λûʵԸңҶѾ֪£Ϊֲ£Ը⽫ǰõļ䣬λ
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׶ΪȨŭϾңҪͷҲ⡣
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һЦŻӦ֪ǹˣȻʱһϮ˶оˣ漴ǳűϿյĳ¥ȥֻһ͸ĿһǺ⣬ȻȴּΪ
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ȤŮˡַ¶һĨ΢Ц֮ʱһƬɭֵһŮӣȻǴŮԡ֮ԵøƤɰȻ˿ȴ̼仯һɽ䵽˲ַϡܼǵһĻŮ˵ǰһǳӡǣĸ߹
Ƹܵʲô㣬Ŀַ⳯ȥƻһɱ⣬ַϣʹַȤЦݶȻɵһȻŮˣȻ䣬ЦЦô
뵽⣬ַЦݵĸƽĶеŮӰ
ߡŮĺһɱ·ֱַȻĿȴתĵԭǼģ㼸ҪӽңҲΪҵļ䣬Ժ󣬲Ҫҡ
аַ㣬һǹ¶ԼԼΪʸ֮ģһԺһʲôٶ±ΪΧ˵Ķ
εһЦŮӽŲ̤ԶȥȺֻ˻ɫ˸ܿ죬㳹׵ʧ˵ǰ
ٶô졣ַ㿴ǰɫĲӰ΢Щľ
׶Ŀûɳ˵λҪдԣɱȻħ׼ңħ׼ұҪиϴε¼²Ϊħ׼ΪС
ȻεЦЦ漴ڿն𣬳նȥ
ַ㿴Ӱһ⣬׷ɱôãѾ渮飬ƺȤˡ
ַ㣬סأԼѡ˾סйɡ׶ַ˵ַ΢΢ͷĴ⿴
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ʱħ׼֮⣬һӰڴ˵أΪ֮ЩɫĮӿǿɱǰһڰݣħ׼ңųǵħ֮أɫܲÿ׷ɱħ׼ҵĺڰħȻɱˡ
ڴ˿̣һӰͬӰӰ㣬̼ǰʹͫ΢΢£үү
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үүܵȻڣҪˣڵ
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ɫ΢΢һȻүү˼Ϊ磬ħ׼ԸɿڣҲҪ´۲УϾħ׼ֺԣһĶǶԸûκε㣬үүȻҲ֪
һӰ̤޾ĺڰǱȥ
ڴʱַ㲢֪Ѿ׷ɱħ׼֮⣬ħ׼棬йе뵽֮Уϥ棬ͬ˵ǰ㣬粢û겢δ̵ҧУ統УСȻܣȻս츳ȷʵǳ£ƳΪħȻӵмǱ
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ֻҪƳħַΪΪ֮
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ҪԼսĻ־Ͳֹǵɱˡַ¶һĨƽ͵ЦݣʹɫһƣǳƣַŶ˵Ҿǲ룬ΣҪսҲ㡣
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ߡ¶Цûг֣˸뿪ߣַӰǰУȥʹòٿ˶¶ȤɫһƺЩַأ


2152 ̸
ħ׼ģħԡ׹֮£ɫ࣬ɸŵַ㣬ĵ֣Ϊ
ַ㱳˫֣ɳĬԣ·ֻǸľż㡣
ŵ۾һĨ⣬漴һʧ
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ʱɫѰй֮УϥĿޣڴʱĽë˶漴ǰֵĺӰͷоһ⣬ͬʱĿǿɱϵϢƺ޷Ƶ¶ַ㣬ŭˣ㵽ʲô˼
ַ㵭Ŀһۣ漴תôվַĳ嶯ַĳƺʼַ֡㡢ٵˣȻŭһеɱԽԽ
УڼŭңҶ֡ɱ侲ŭȴѣַںģҪ֣ȻöԸһԵļһԼʵôţ
Цַ֣Ȼһ׼ǣûоԵİվգԸַ㣬İնûУͣ˵ɱַ㣬֮ôȻΪصƾʵֻԽԽǿƿصĹžͨԽԽ࣬ͨ񣬵̤۾ԿʼĿⶢЩ۷ǵļ䣬ӶǿԼ
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ַһֱѹͬʱǵںħ׼ҵһ֮С
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үү˵ǣԸǺͳַ㽻ס
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áǿߵͷϿ˶ԷΪ磬ֲĴۣԸ֧
ҵ̸Уַ֪飬ҪƳħȻΪ󻯣ȴˣ֪δ𣬻Ϊҵħ׼ңħ׼ңΪ׷󻯵ĳ롣
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ãɡַ̤׶ҲԱߣַһ뿪ߡ
Ȼ棬Ѿħ׼ҵǿ׼ˣƺǻ͵Ⱥкü˵ϢǿᣬȻǵ۾һ˵Ķ飬кüλۼС
ߡ׶˵ʱһ˳ħ׼֮ȥҲͬʱһƬ֮УƲڣв˵Ⱥڴ˵أֻһ˻ȻѾħ׼ҳˣ׼á
ţ˷׷׵ͷʱóս׼
ַ㡣ҲȺ֮УֻĿ䣬ɱ⼫䣬һգַ֮ս˺׵֮һõ嶪棬ԣ޷Ĩȥĳ衣
Ϊ׵ԶƬն֣ħ׼һξ룬Ǻħ׼ҵԼħ׼Ҹ֣ҶҪ죬ԣǳݣǿ
һߣַǵĿߣȻʱַͻȻڵȵȡ
֣ôˣ׶쿪ʵ
֣ǰɽ𣿡ַһ
ţɽֵַҪ󡣡
Ҫǰħˣı·߰ɡַ㿪˵ʹ׶ɫ΢΢һ
ַ㣬ΪΣ
ҲħʿֻͻȻоħŻʺҡַ㿪˵һ׶£漴΢΢ͷãı䷽ǰħŰɡ
˵ţǵתΣֵķХȥħ׼ҵ˶û˵ʲôֻǰĻַҡ
һ·ȥǹá
ͣ¡ʱħ׼ǿֹǰȵ
ˣһɿֲ֮Ƭأǿޱȣ֮УһӰ£ͬʱһ֧ţĿ֮С
塣ħ׼ҵ˸סǰȻһֻ̣ǿҲˣֻ˲䣬ǵˣ㽫ħ׼ҵȫУʵϣռݾԵơ
Ǻ⣿ħ׼ҵʵ
ûʲô˼ֻҪ˶ѡǿ߱˵Ŀֱַ㣬ȻȴʱַɫƽǰͻȻֵȺɫƲûлŵɫ


2154 ȳ²
ħ׼ңַסйУֻʱһƫƧķ֮УһϢɢȥ漴һӰӰȻҲַ㣬׶쿴ӰȻһ
ַֻϱһ쫷ס漴Ӱ˸ֱӳԼййڵķȥ
Ϊħ׼д֮أ˸ûκģˣӵоԵȨֻҪ̤뵽ħ׼ҵһЩرԡ
ʱĿձַɧ˴գ˶ΪˬַȥŸоͷһʯͷ˿ڴʱĶĤ΢΢£漴ĿȻתֻһ쫷ɵȵ˭
쫷ֹסһӰӰͫ΢΢£Į˵㻹δȥ
ֻħ׼ңҺαؼ뿪ַ΢Ц˵ϣһɹصţͬʱַУһö
ַŵЦݣֻоЩ⣬ַ㣬ħ׼ңңҲ
ģһħ׼ҽɱˣħ׼ҲŹַЦ˵ʹһ㣬жףȻɵһɲǣַԭʧˣ漴ֻоһӰǰͫϢȻ񱬷ַûйֻһεϢֱӳûȥֻ̼䣬ʧ·ŷû
ħ׼Ҳʣħ׼ҵĹ򡣡ַ˵뵽ַڣ漴ʧ֮Уι̶̳ȣȻ޷ƿģһӵ䣬ƳħԻвСİ
ˣʼգַûдŹֻǣʱϵѡ
գ׶켱ҪȥĴַоЩԾɱ磬ȻŹԷҪȥĴӦþٲŶԣڵڶձҪԼߡ
峿ַ㿴׶һ˳йʱӵȷԾˣЩ͵ȻʵΪǣָħ׼ҪİȫҪôֱǲǿݣҪôȳ²ּ֣·ĵĽ߲Ŷԡ
ħ׼ңȻ͵˹ʶȻ뵽ôϸңħ׼ңҲûпǵַ⻯
ʱַı̤ȥһ쫷磬ֱħ׼֮⣬Ȼħ׼аڴڣȻֻᶢŴħ׼ˣȴᶢųȥ֮ˣħ׼ˣκμ嶼ˣ˭ӴӼ߳ȥǿߣ
ִ嵱Уÿն˳˷·ӰߣЩڣܻȥسȥ֮ˣַ뿪ħ׼ңûзѶľ뿪ú㻻һףʼԶߣȻħ׼ֹϵûпŶȣǱֻԼˡ
ַһ̣ʱܹȷħ׼ҳˣ̵ʱ䣬뿪ħ׼ҡ
⻯ڵƬռ䣬ħ׼˱ΧסһλǿߵϢַϣĵħ׼ң㡣
ַЦˣЦЩ죬⵱Ȼһͨķͨķᱻ׷֣ӵս⻯ϢַıûκεΨһǣ壬ǻ۶
㻹Цϻ죬ʱƬնȼ
Цǣħ׼ҼȻӦ˻ǰɽʳԣصģֻҵһ⻯ѣǣˡַ΢Ц˵漴廯һյƮƬ֮Ϊȫ壬Цŵˡ
һĻʹȺͫȻ£ΪǿүүֻɫѿΪַ⻯ΪʱȻܹǻ۵壬ʵ塣
Ȼ۶ɵ⻯Ȼܹ˵ʵͨÿ¡
ħ׼ҵҲˣַղŵĻ޷粵ңܱ粵ѵ˵ǽַ˵壿
Ⱥıɨħ׼ҵˣֻΪ׵ǿħ׼ңģ
Ҳ֪ô£Ȼ⻯룬ǺһҲƭˣ˲Ծħ׼ҵǿ߻Ӧ˵һʱ䣬ǵ廹ħ׼ңֲ֪֮С
⻯»ǲ£
ħ׼ңָĿ֣
εľ棬ħ׼ҵȻû뵽׶ɫһаǼһѾˣһֱйΧҽȥıӦûйɣҼˣ⻯Ȼʱ䣬Ƶ
Щû˭ɵӣЩܿܲ²⵽λ£ǵ׵͹ַ㣬˵û뵽⻯һȥǵĴ⡣
˶סĴڣַҪѣȻ취ĴУǷħ׼ңܷü⻯ǻסħ׼ҵ˲˶Բߣŵǿ˵ȻѾ⻯ͨķϵַַ֮Ȼġ
ܺãıòҪүүĺȵ漴ֲĵַڣַֻоһŻֱӺڣʹƺһɫ԰ףȻŶԷ͸ű֮⣬ֻҪ̤Ĵζõ˲˸ҶʱһЩ˺ڡ
ߡ˻˻֣ɱַһ⻯ҲãҪǱ
ħ׼ҵֻ׶콵ַԣ΢Ц֣˾ٵǶˣˣǻħ׼Ұɡ
ַ㿴׶죬ԷȻ˵Ĳɫʲô鶼ûзַ㰵Ϸݵ
ʵһЩҪ⡣ַЦ˵͸һ֮⣬תַ㳯ħ׼ҵķ򷵻أԷ˼Ȼ׼⻯ȥƿأȻˣŶԷħ׼Σ
ıһĴ壬ǰħ׼Ҫ⻯
ַ㵱ȻɵֱɱȥĴеһҲ˵Է᲻ֱˣᣬҲȥðôһȺ֮УԻȥ⻯Ⱥصħ׼ҡ
׶ַ⻯ʱַһ飬ʧˣ


2155 ɸѡ
ʧ٣ħ׼ЩͣһͬʱҲ׶ַΪȥ
׶˵ҪַȥĴģȻַ㣬ȴֳ
ʱ׶Ŀתַ㣬΢Ц֣ںδӦ֪ɣ
нţȥܹˣٶȿֲҪߣҼ׷׷ϡַ΢Ц˵͸ż̬֮ʹ׶аַгԹ˶óȻַ⻯ȥʱַ㱾͵͵£ַ֮㱾һʧβַġ
ǣַλϡ
ֿЦɡ׶ɫħ˸ַϷˣȻѾŭ⡣
Ȼʱַȴ䣬ħ׼ұ壬壬ˣúģħ׼ҲӦᵱ֤ˣұҲûʲôħ׼ҳŵȣȴ뵤Ļڣоַȴˡ
˵Цҿһ뿪ҹҶ֣ʵ˻ûвַ㿴ˣƽ˵ЩйһսĻȻкܴĶȻӵ磬ˣԳ
׶ԣͷĮȻˣԻࡣ
˵գ׶˸ȥȻʱĿ¶һĨȤɫ׶ַ֮䣬ƺЩԾأǸղȥ׷ʲô£
ַһ⣬˸̤й֮Уûٳֹ
ڽļǵĶ֮ͻȻһЩЩԣħ׼ŭ
ڴԵǵԼ½ĵԼսйأַɱ磬׶Ӧ˻ַ㰲Σ⴫Ա˵׶ûضַĳŵħ׼ҾȻȡ˵ĺôַַЩ֣δȫʹĴ֮С
Ҳ˵⴫ԵΣֻ⴫Եݣħ׼ҵ˵ΪҲ޿ɺǣɶΪ֮ԱǣҴԳ֮󣬾һμӰ񣬵Χħ׼ҵˣ˲òˣħ׼ַǰȥĴôײݸǿĵ壿
ħ׼ûгҥ壬Ҳûзκʹ涼ܵˣǹƽ֮ս徹Ȼôµȥħ׼ҵΪԵøΪӡ
һϢǶ֮˲ٵĲ֮˸ӼЩĮţеһжô٣Ψǿǵģ֮˶ԣɻʵһ
ַٶȳҶңȴ׵жαװԼԭĿ׼ԼʵݣȴμӾһʱһֱֵ֮ȻȴϵĲͬϣ·һħ㣬ͫ׸ɾ䣬ɾȴֺۣ֮˪ȴɱżԭ档
Ϊݸɾݲ̫֮˸ѪƤնǳŮƯжʣǣַȴһֱС
ҶҵַֻԿֲħ㽫ס̤УֻҪһ𿼺ˣҶұὫԼͨ˵һƼĴеһңһַûôԾֻǰԼסرչУ·֮޹أȻǶԸе
ڳΪ֮Ȼӵֶ̫Σ統У޷ܷ˳ַһ˾ⲻ˺һˣַ㵱ħƣȵƳħһַǻвСİ
ַıչвû˵ע⣬žѡٽԽԽǿ߻ʮ򣬶֮ǿҲԽĶ࣬ҶңȻҲһû˻עһַ㣬Ͼһ鹫ԼһʣǻҶңǣ۽˼˵Ŀ⡣
һ죬֮ٴһ壬ҲǶ֮ʹȺо̾һȻλ˶֮ԵøȤң彵ٶ֮򣬾һЩʵǿĺս֮ǰȥ̽һ⣬ɱ֮ͨ£ǳ£һ֮˵ÿһվ۷ʮ˾һռݵǺܶ࣬Ҫ֪μӾźε֮࣬ǾŸǰУѾǷǳµˡ
⣬󣬱ʽѡˣӵѡ˽պͬʱǰĴԼѡγ˾ټȥˣڿʼ˿ˣ̭һЩˣһЩܹﵽľӢѡȥ
ҶңҲʼ˿ˣһգҶҿտ޴䳡м˾ԶͣҪȡһټΨ̤Ĵ壬лղμӾ
䳡УҶһǿߣ̨֮ϣҶҵһЩԪȥεѡҪƼһЩʵеȥĴ
˴ξ֮ĴټѡĴλҲѾ֪ʥɽħšĻλõÿһѡʮȥĴԱΣˣɻҪɸѡˣϾǿʮ򣬱ֻ̭ӢߵĹҲϸЩ˴ֻѡʮȥԣ󲿷ˣᱻ̭㣬λ¡
ôˣȻֻʮˣʮһȺĿ˸ֻоһѹ˱츳ˣӾ½ģֻʾһεˡ
ֻѡʮˣĴУκһ¶ֹ٣ĴǧˣʮҪμӾĴУҪһϸɸѡ
ȺţڲμӾˣһٸ츳ﵱУֻѡһҪӵӴ
ַҲȺ֮УĻΪЩľֻ˵ҡ˾½֮ˣǵ̫ࡣ
⣬鹫Ӻ;ʶˣֱռҲ˵ʣ¶ʮ˸λӦûʲôɡҶҵǿ߼ʹȺаһôƽ޹ʵռ
ˣλۼ̨ϣɸѡһ顣ԪϿ˵һֵɸѡ̫ӣܿͻὫʮɸѡϾһΣӢﲻܻᱻ̭̭ˣЩãǵĴɻһˡ
ԣѡΣֻһСѣȴ˸޳赲ھĴ֮⣡


2156 ɽ
˷׷̨̤һΧ̨վһȦҶԪϵ˼
Ƭ֮һѹȸλѹ̨λֱ뿪ҶңȻԸ͵ģҶɻӭҶԪϻĿ˵漴ĽŲһ̨̤֮أһȵĵΪĿֲ
ˣֻĽŲݺݵļ̨̤У¡һµ촫һɹ⻷Ƭշ·𶼱У̨ϵˣԶܵһɿֲѹϣѹ·ӵɶ㣬ϵײǵ
ңɶĹأһֵĲΰ㲻ϺǵϣԽԽǿܿ죬˵Ͽʼ͸ˮʼ٣ǹײϵѹǸоܡ
ַƽվһλɫƽѪ౻ѹȣȻܹõҷǳȻκεǿѹҡ
ÿ˶ַܺһȹĴħٵʱսѾһηǳˣοڣĶ֣ΨʾЩ½
ˣҶҵԪٶȺݺݵ̤һһɿֲĲκݺȺϣ΢΢бһֱ̨ʱɫѿһֱӳҶԶȥȥһ̨ʵûĿˡ
Ѿоǿʢѹ޷̫áʱгƵ̾ڸԵļ磬ΪܶΪţȻȴƺΪΪͨĴڡ
Ҳʶξ̨̫
ѹǿԽԽ˱ѹȥÿһĳ̶ȣǿ߱ٶȼ̤£ǿɶʹѹɶԽԽ죬ͬпײȺ㣬ɸѡȷܹܿ콫Ⱥɸѡ
ûйãټ̨ϣֻʣ˲ˣȻԷûͣ˼
˵鹫Ӻ;迼ˣȻҲ̨ϣƽվǣֶûκεĶҡ
ѹǿֻ˿̣Ԫٶ̧ţ¡һ죬ղ⻷ֱ˶
ˡˡˣһΣβս̨ƺ죬Ѫ̨ǹǿʢµѹɳţֱŴɶ֮в˱ȥԷֹͣٿ̨ϣȴѾֻʣʮˡ
뿪ҶңҲ¼̨ϣǵУһįʧҶҵĿ˶δͨĴΪпĿˣ˶ǧȻȴԵעǵ̨
ҶҵλԪĿ⿴ˣƽЦ£ֻʣʮˣȻΪ׶ˡ
˭ܹκһ˺̨ķΧͨˣˣζʧܣ鹫Ӻ;Ǳ㲻ҪˡҶҵԪ΢Ц˵ʱĿ˸ƵΧֻҪһ˺ȥȷԼͨˣȻֻܹʣʮ˶û˶ǳ֣ҲֻͨһͱĹϵ
Ļѡ֣Ļûѡ񵽣Ҳ˶ϡ
ƺôĹƽȻҶҵԪϲôںѡγʮˣܹģ˶ѣһıžˣˣǼˣǲܻᱻʽ̭ġ
ˣڣһӰˣһѪ֮˹ȥ磬һ˿µĽɫǹֱƿɱȥƬշ·ŤǵʱƬպƱ˰㣬ɫ԰ףŤգ·ˣԸǿԷԷĹƣܱס뿪ֻ̨Ҫ˺󣬾̭֮ˡ
߷峯̨м俿£ȥΪ˲˿ɳ֮ڱԵܹ֮ȵ뿪ֻ̨Ҫһˡ
ַûжǶʵţȻȴܿһĿ⽫Ȼ䳯̤ǿʢѹֱӽϣڣ̼Էͫ׷·һռ䣬ַҪ뵽˫֮ͫȥǳͫ
Ȼ˫ͫȴַĿʼնôƽ䣬Ȼ䣬һɿµ٣·м֮ͫУʹʹ·㡣
һȺݺݵͷʹ˶ڻ״̬һͳƺ֮
ѹŲ㲻ϵˣ֪ԼߵˣǼһվڱԵΪš
䡣һɿµϢѾֹͣ˶ֵַȻ˿Զ֣ȻתֻоһֲȭͷƿһУҰֱӶظ䣬Ĺ̨
ˡ˱ȥ󱬺һȻֻĮɨһۣȻˣҪñ˻ȥ׼
˵ţĽŲֳһ̤ȥ
Ƭ֮󣬿̨ϲϼٵȺҶҵԪ΢Цˣʮˡ
Ļ£ʱֹͣսǼ䲢޳ԹֻǶΪ˲μӾѣȻѾ˵һѡʸȻ֡
һֵѡȷܼ򵥣ֻ˲ʱ䣬˽ѡĴǿߣ̭ˣźһֶûй˵ˡ
ϲλˣǽǢĴɽһڴ˵ؾۼҶңλǰɽһʱգǿȥΪȡ׼ˡҶҵԪ΢Ц˵˷׷׵ͷЩΪ˷ܣҲв˺ܵȻ·Ǳ÷飬ǵĿ겻ѡǾ
Щ̨µٴη̾ϢаһֵѡʸûõĴĿˣǾõǰеˣǺε
뵽⣬ǰ̾ѹ˵κһǰϯλˣ½߳Ƶ
ȺɢȥַҲ뿪ߣ⼸Ƕ֮˿ˣֱ֮ǵ׷״ȺڿգĴڵķȥζžָˡ
ַյУĿ⳯ǰȥֻƬռ䣬һɫճǱب֮䣬·Ƕһ޶Ĵڡ
ɽˡǰһΧĴǺХķһԶȺԶϸɽַԲԶһȺĿײϢƮ̤ɽ֮ǣܳΪ֣


2157 ʱ佥
ɽǣǿû֮һеӣԶó֮ˣǵȻҲ
ڴ½ϣκεְҵ벻ʵʦʦҪԼ׷۷壬ȣҪʵϲϵ׷۷壬ܹͬǰԶͽͣˣھ½ʦʦǵȽϴ󣬼ǵ츳ںܶˣͬ˶ԣ츳಻£ǶҪԵ곤һЩΪҪѵʱ;ࡣ
ǰѤɽ·֮ɣޱȻֺ룬׳һ·еĽɫȺ䣬Ⱥ˵ĻԻʷ
һ֮ءֻʱҶҵһλǿָǰ˵һڿյƽ̨֮ϣѾвӰǣַǱߣ漴λĽ䣬ĿӪ֮ˣǹŵɡ
½ǣɽһɫ·޷ݻٵһ칬εȰַаǵ̣Ƕ֮ǿ֮һɽĵַ̣Ҳȥħ׼ңħյĺڰ֮ϣ׳Ȼǰɽħ׼ҸӾӵ׳ۡ
ʥħšĻ֪Ǻģַ㰵˵Ƕ֮㼫ĺ嫣ĴλӲͬķλûиƷ׵ĴߣҪһҪѲٵʱܹ絽ÿһС
ַֽĿӪʱƣƬƽ֮ϵӪʮ࣬ˣҲζţɳǧ̭ǧ˶ΪЩʥᶼǡ
ʱԶһ֮ХȺĿת㿴һԲ̳߷ԶвǿڽɫԲУ·һһգܿԲ̻һ𣬻һ޴ĽɫԲ̣źüӰ˿̣ѾǳȺǰ
ÿٶȣԲ̿±һǳĵ۱ɡȺаֻǾ޴ԲٶȷѣһԲ̽ݣʱӰ£Ŀ⿴ˣΪ׵ۣɾֻȶŸӪ·΢΢ͷλˡ
Ӧõġ֮˽Զ΢΢Ƿʾɽ𾴡
ĿӪ֮ˣ¶һĨЦ⣬λɽζŽлμӾ½ǿս̨񣬾µʱ⣬ɽºٽһɸѡѡʸǿߣ£ɽֹ̤ĵط֮λ߶ҪṩʲôҲܿڡ
˵ţֻƻӶʱһɫĳƮӪǰɽΪλ׼ۣʱΪ˰ȫλ㴩۰ɣֻҪϣζǽɽμӾıѡˣû˸Ҷǣ⣬ʲôϢҲܹʱ֪ͨλ
˽ϣѾⳤ۲һۣͨһƷ׵ĻȻǶԲû̫ôҲԿɽֱʣֻǶԣǧ඼ͳ֣ң֮ϣеĲͬԷԣӦӵдѶܣܹյɽϢ
Ȼɱˣ̫֣ɽͻȻ˼֣й˽ֻᣬзɱ˶ᱦŭŻһɽıΪЩ˽ǲμӾ֮ˣȴǸɱ¾Ȩ
ס˷׷׵ͷȴȻɽĽɫֻۣҪǲ̫֣ǣ˸Ҷǡ
ˣλۼʵҲδʲô飬ֻǣһƺţѡĳƺţ£ǿʲô飬ɽ֪ͨλڣ˵ͷ漴Щ֮ˣ鷳λˡ
˵̤꣬ŽɫԲ̶ȥȻȴ˼ͣڴ˵ء
ܼ򵥵һλ棬û̫һУΪ˾׼š
λ˭Ҫǰɽסģұλǰźãи֮ءֻһλɽǿ߶Ⱥڵ
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ɽ֮أԺԾɽвιۡ
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ַ㳯ңңһۣСӲǿ裬ʵ֮ϣȻҲ޷ѹˣǵ½ĺˡ
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ַͽӴֺľѩȻʱҲֻƱȽϲĻڵ۽ԣˣûô棬ȤģǸ߼ʦǵʵж
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תۼ䣬һ¹ȥٽˣʮУȺģҲԽȼ
һգħ׼֮Уַ⻯Ȼ漴˸й֮ȥ⸽һйֻʣôһ⻯ˣˣѾԶȥټĴеʥΪıѡˡ
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㲻Ҫˣǵ壬κпܣңܴˣ磬κδۡ
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ħ׼ҵһ̸ңпܷΣһ޷ͣ壬ȳħ׼ҵĹѾǷ˴ɡ
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罻ħ׼ҵǿ߱˵磬ȥˡ
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Ƕ֪ħ׼ұȣֻֻЩϢѡַƽ˵ңҴδɱλ֮µˣħ׼ǰԼ⻯νı


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۱ǲˡַǴһĨ΢ЦȻλȻܾ
ˬ죬лˡַ΢΢֣΢ЦȡһöԼζּҵӪ֮գǱһ壬⵽ʱңֻҪһбɡ
ַܹ⣬ȻӦ˶ԷԼӦõģ˶ǱҪˣȻڶֵĿģش˿̺ܶ˶ڶֽɡ
ַ㽫һֳԼУⲢ̫ںֻҪܹ۱УʵȻ赣Ĺ˿ˡ
ˬ죬֣ȻˣǱȸˡַ΢΢֣¶һĨǳǳЦݣַ΢΢Ƿ
ַͷ漴ԶȥǻһЩҪ롣
ַĵУͱ¶һĨЦ⣬ֻ𿪿ڵַʵټһ˿һ֧µ˾˽ΪһֵڻҰɡ
һȥ⡣ߵͷӦһǱ֪Ǳȥȴֻǵڻҵģ֪θ룬Ȼʵ˵ĲпᣬһֵĿȻϴθһЩ̭ıȴҪﵽʮһĿ±
ʱֻҪίˡĿ⿴ű
û£ҵʵ˾ҲûʲôΪһӪֻ˾á΢Ц£˵ͷ
ļַ㰲ĵȴſ˵ĿʼһЩʦֵѾУм˱޷̤룬Ҳˣľֻž£ַõʥɰľңͬһ𵽴
֮󣬱ֻȿ֮׼μӾãַȫԸϣݵʱٽʵһЩ
һգַĳͻȻһƲ漴ֱƮ뵽ַĶУʱ֮ʱϣۼ
ַ֪ɽĿˣҪʼˡ
ʱ֣嫵ƽ̨ϣȺٶȻ۶ɽǿѾڴ˵صȺ򣬶Ҵ˴λ˲ˣɽޡ
λԼԼ˵һɡ˿˵ʱ˷׷׻۵һ飬ַҵ˽ͱܿ죬оˣ˸Ŀһ˿ȥоǳĶأ·ٶ˵㣬һĨ֮У˵ĸоһ塣
һˣȻҲɽɫۣ˵ȴǱѰһ֮վַʵΪģ˴ˣϵãôùȥǵľҲˣΪǣսӦ÷ǳˡ
ԭˣӡ壬²ܡ
²ַܿһۣɫȴǳƽַ㣬½ַպͬȻȴ˺ܶ࣬½֮ǰѾˡ
˼棬ȴҲûʲôֻʶѣ졣


2162 ɽ
ʱɽǿվȺǰƽĵλǰɽ̳
˵գĽŲ̤ʱȺ׷ڿն𣬳ɽȥʱǽһƽ̨֮ϣ·ܹΧ޾Ȼһ֮УҲܹߵһС
ȺʮһΧ̳ܱߣԳһӪ̳Եһ̨ɶˡ
֮ˣ̨̳Уһƽڣʱ˷׷̨ʮһ
λһʱ䣬Ӫֻˡɽǿٶȿڣʱÿһս̨֮ϵսԶýʮˣֻˣ˲Ϣ̭˸ܵһǿҵѹȻѾ֪ľ档
ַڵ̨֮ϣͱĿɨȺʹòĿ£ֻһ˵ֻаʱ䣬磬˭̨˭ְɡ
ȻֻЦĿһһɨеˣлλܹһӪźλҪˣȻȻλܹߵɽڳǶԾй͵ʸеġ
ΪˡǼɫ˲ϢˣɫЩÿһ˿ڵҵȽˣɲô˵ġ
Ⲣҵ˼Ȳ֣ܳӡ壬ַ㣬λҲ˵ˣλ֣˶ԣõѡ񡣡ƽ˵Ȼɲڴ˿̣һֱĬȻʱͫ׷·˰㣬µĳֱͫû棬һֻ̣һ˷һҽУ˫۾ָѪ͸
Ҫ˷ʱ䡣˵ɫ࣬пᣬǵʱ򣬿г⣬ˣȻȴ˲䱻ֹ̫пᣬЩ޷ܣսûսͱˣȻԤе̫Ĳࡣ
ˣ̨̤ĺܶ˽ˣ̭չ¶ԼʵĻᶼûС
ַ㿴һۣһһ࣬һȻҲǷǳһ۴Ϲ˵۾ɱǳ£ˣܿǫ̈̄ʱַ㲻ɵ룬ûһЩвȥˣҲҲһ
ÿһ̨֮ϣδһʱ䣬ԶֻʣˣɼЩµЧʣǽԶǸ¹ϣˮ
һʱ䣬̭һİ˵ݣű˲֮
ڶֿˡ֮еɽǿĿɨˣڵ˵ˣһսսƣܵһ˽̭̭һ˲һսԷеˣսȫʤ
Ϊ˱ľӢڲ֮У̭ȺĻʱаһַڵΪǿһʵȻܹһʤҲ̫⡣
ߣɵ֮սɽǿٶȿڣ̼䣬һӰ̤ս̨ʱͫ΢鹫ӣһս̨˭㽫Ȼ硣
ǰɡ鹫ָһ̨֮ϣʱһ̨֮ɫѿһܣҪȫ̭
һӰ̤ս̨Ȼȴ鹫ӵĶ֣ǧ˿ţʱˣǧɱ˲佫˳ȥ֣Էһʤһζ̭ǳпᣬңһΪȴսˣҪѽҪ鹫ӣûϣԺܱ磬˼̭ȥûս
壬ΪӮһְɣһڽҲռԡ忪ڵ΢΢ͷһս̨֮ϣŶȥʱ̨֮ϵȺɫѿ
ˡƽ˵ԷܲԸһ̤ս̨һˣһûϣʤֻ֣ܷܿʤս
վս̨֮ϣֻŲ̤ʱ˫ͫ·壬˫µѨ˲ϢԷûˣɱţͬʱ촽΢һɱŶԷĲҽѪƻӶԷԭص̨ܵøҡ
ڶֵս²ܣɡĿ²ܵ
á²΢΢ͷ̤ս̨ͬ߳Ϣ¡
ˣǧӡ⻷̼񷣬޾Ĺ֮ӡľߵϢ
²ܵʵҲôǿˣа;ĪϧҲ󣬿ҵʵչ̫ˣֻǽһΪֲľءַаһʥݵĻʰʵѾкЩʱˣʱаǺһľ磬λ֮磬ôãԼľ綼쵽λ۷壬ЩҲһϾȻǵսѷԼǾȴѷֻʱǻδѡ
֮ˣԽߣսԽ¡
²ǧӡ⻷칥뵽ĵ֮УͶԷײվ֮ʤһԷշѹܣսʤʹöԷ̨֮ϵɫ԰ףǱȫ̭ңһһӡڣ˭սȫʤȻ
սҲľʣ˱̭һ˳ɹڰܾ֮սˣʤ˱ϳ̫½һǳҲʤ֡
ʱ̨֮֮ϣֻʣ°˾ʮ˻վǣ˽Ա֣߳ųھĴ֮⡣
ֿˣһֵĿ̭ıģʣµˣҪս峡սʤΪ˽̭⣬ʤиսߣһ̭лʤߣսѡһеλʤߣȫʤֱӻýʸ񡣡
еɽǿ߻˵һֵȥ߽ᱻȫ޳ЩˣԶǾӢеľӢ
һΣѡսˡƽڣ漴˫ָˣһһսսԽļҾΪⲻ˵սǸ˵սˣֱ̭ˣ˭᲻ƴȫңѾ˸ղһֵ̭ʣµİˣͶһЩǳ
ŲϽеĴսַΪд̭ȥ˹ʮˣһսҪ̭ˣһȫʤʵ̭һȥʮ˴˱̭
Ҳ̭ˡַĿ⿴棬һȺͬһӪңң⡢Զ̭ˣֻоʡ绹һɽ޳ɹ
ˣ档ڴʱɽǿ߲֪⻹ɣָˣһַǣһ鹫ڵˣоһ
һĻʹȺ¶ȤɫȻһ˱̭鹫ӺӦòύ棬һ̭Ҳѡ˵λʤ߽нŶԣĻһλûн̭һˣδҲ
鹫ӽŲѾ̤ս̨Ŀַϣַ㣬һ֣ս
ղŶ²Ѿ¶ǿʵԼ壬һ鹫֮Ķ֣ңʵҲǿ²ﲻУҲһʤַ֣㣬ΪƷ


2163 п
鹫ӡַĻ¶һĨɫ⻹ṳ̂뵽Ծ鹫ӣ
Ҫ֪һֵĿ˹ǣʤ߲սֵʸ񣬰ܵˣֱ̭ԣ鹫սͱȻһ˽˾
鹫ӵɫҲΪŹַ֣Զ½ңȻԼʵžԵţǴ˿̱Ծַ㣬ȴһΪŹֵĸоַ㣬Ӧ̤벻˲Ŷԡ
ַ鹫ͬ뷨Ϊ鹫ӣǧ˿ǧɱĴŶ޷̤룬δ̫ϧЩ
ˣַ̧Ŀ⣬Žȥʱ˵ĻǶ˵ķǳƯһֱ£̬˵ȻʱĽҪΪϣʲô⣬Ҫɵ˾սܣһλԼַ㣬һʧ۶Ծ˭ڳսܵΡ
ͬˣַѾվԼ֮ڣڣ˵ʱԥѡַ㣬ֻܹһԼ塣
һսȥַƽĿڵ·𽫽Ļ˶Էַͫ΢£һâУһˣֻ壬ʣµˣҪʱ²ҲҪ
Ȼַ㣬˿̶˵˸ղַĻȥս鹫ӡ
Χ˷׷׽Ŀ⿴ߣ¶ȤɫһˣƺһЩ⣬ڸղŵսУʤʤ˭Ծ޹ؽҪڹͬʤ˰Ҳսܣ̭һܲ⡣
һȨַܡĿеɽǿߣڣɫ߿ȴַҴӦˣûдӦҪǰɽ˹Уûһɡ
ȷûСɽǿ߿ַ㣬΢΢ͷ
ȻûеĻûʸҰɡַƽ˵
ǣˣҪһ˳սǿһ
ξͱʶȻͬұԿַƽ
ΪΣɽǿʵ
һսˣǣһܾ֣˭ΪӦңԲ鹫սֱӺսˣҰܣôսϣʤܾϡ
ַ㵭˵ֻߣԸ˳һˣΪˡ
Ц˵˱ˣ㵱ʲôˡŲֲַָ̤̼ǰʱƬնҪ̳ɽַֻоһɼµ·ҪԴһ
˵ʲôʲôַŲͬǰһ̤¡һֲָ֮ͬһƿֲʥָ֮֮ϣ۳ɽͶԷָһ𣬷·Ҫնѵ
ˣ弸ƮˣʹͫȻս鹫ӵƹȻ
ַ㵹Ϊη鹫ӶսֻΪⲻ鹫ӽ̨ôΪһҲͬ뷨˿ûгս˼һ໥֮䣬һײǣ⻹ǵ̨ΪӦôײԣûȥһսȥ鹫ӶԾϡ
ַҲһΪңΪƷκ˶ӵ̬ȣַܲˬϲ˰ڲ仹ǱƷԣˡ
𱬺һֲ֮⴩͸һУַվǰ˽ľ룬κε˶ҪĹ֮»
ַͬȣɱ֮͸˶ԷԺֱ֮ͫӴԷԺ֮Уͬʱȭâɱ˺һС
¡սֲĲ˲Ϣû漴¡һ죬Ⱥֻ嵹ɶΣվյУĿַ⳯ȥͫĮޱߡ
ַӰ֣Ų΢΢ǰ̤һƮĮʲôҲָͬˣΪɽ˱ҪǣֱӲ̤ͷϽȴûʵѵÿɳܡ
ַԴ裬ʱɫ˲ѿǸղַˣԵַĻ߷
ʵַ㣬ƾʲôַ㣿ѵΪɽޣͿֱӲʵ̤
һսֻһԾ̤ս̨ʹͫٶ£ŮΧ𱩻ַ㣬ȴˣȻǿ˵ַսܣܷڡ
ٽȥǣѡԼ̤ԼΪġ
ʵʵǿŽģղŲ֪ΪΣȴַˣڱǽˣʵϣκһ˺ַôսҲս֣ûˣʵȷʵѾǳˣһ㣬ַҲ֪ԼĹΡ
ɻǳ֮ˡۻӶĮɨַ㣬漴ٶȽ̨֮ϣĿûٿַ㣬ս̨ϵı֮Уʼһµĺ֮⡣
Ȼ鹫ӵĶ֣һսܣû˸е⣬İֻܾ֣ΪθղŽΡ
ڶֵսűɫŲ̤˳ȥĶֺȻһνȻǿչԼʵֻУ㽫Էܣȥ
ս֣ʣʤ
ս²֣ܳǧӡӡӳѹѹ񷣬Էշѹܡ
ʤ֣һˣѾõʤ
ȻչַҪսַһսʤ˰֧̾˵ǿǶԷ鹫ӣ»սȫʤпܡ
塢ַ㡢²ܵ˶ȡʤǶΪߣԷֻ鹫һ˻лսˣ⻹õȵ֮ս֮
ַѾҪ˳ֵĻһ˶ôָ˭֣аţ˵սڳһֵսֽʱ򣬰ʤս˻̨ϵǿߣֻʣʮˡ
İ˵ǿߣȻֻʣʮˡȺͫЩֵ̾Ϣ̤Ͼ̨ϵˣЩµȻǵ˾̨ϣҪʼ۷ż¹
ңʮˣƺɽöˣΪûкֹͣ˼ƺҪ̭ȥ˿̵ѾɢҲеֻʣˡеˣˣвֻеһ˵ģսʤת֮ˡ


2164 ˽
վյɽǿ߻ΧȺ漴ڵ˴ɽǣʮˣˣɻʮ˶ࡣ
ʮˣÿһˣٶѡһˣ̭飬ս˭̭⣬̭֮ˣѡЩʤһ˽սʤ̭
ƽʹٶȽһֵ̭һΣҪ̭ʮˣãһ̭һˡ
һһֹȥɡеǿĿ⳯ĳһ˷ȥǵУ˭̭
ɫԶһЩȡʤս˶ΪǸղŵİеľӢܹʤսǱųҪսǼеһѶȺܸߣ˵ϣǳС
ȻȻˣбעһҪ̭˵ĿͬʱһϣʹɫѿѾսˣʵǶԼ˵ʵ˴µ˽⣬Щ͸ʵˣǿ׿Ǳ˶ŵˣȷһˣҲû˵ʲôԸ߳սʤǼΪһˣȡϣϧǰˣܣζų֣ûвμӾʸ
ڿʼ̭ģѾǾӢˡַĿøղ˵սΪµǿߣʥǧѡİ˵Ķ飬پпֻ̭ʣʮˣֲп̶ȿ֪
һֵ̭ȥƬռԵøĳĬѹ֣ڣֵַһˣʹò˶ĹעһʣµΪһ塢ɽ²ܡַ㣬ĸǳһˣûһ˸̭ɡ
һ۽Ŀַϣַ㣬Ҳͬʱ˽
ֱȥսʤս֮ˣǶսһַƽ˵ʹý䣬δڣַ̬˵·һˣ𣬲ṋ̃˰㡣
壬ȻǲܵģַìܣͶ²޹أˣǶ˶̭Էһ²ܣʵΪˡ
Ҳ˵Ļƽĵ
㿼ˣսۣ˵ˣսҲûʱָĻμӾʸûСַڣʹýɫбµĺ⣬
£ֻһԾмս̨֮ϣĿַ㣬ɱŰ졣
ַ㿴Ž漴ֻʱյУ޾Ľɫ֮⻯һµľ޴
ôȺͫ΢΢ɽóɽޣȻҲиߵ裬˿еľ޴·һȥܽ˺䱬Ҿ޴֮ϣſµĽɫ⻪
ַ̤շһ죬ַֻϣֲĽŭХֹһɿµĽ֮䣬ַ֣ʱгһ޽ؿµĺڰ޽Ȼȴ͸žı֮·֮档
֮⣿Ⱥͫ΢΢ѵַꣿΪλ⣬Уǻ۳ɺڰ޽ķÿֲҪȽķҪǿ
üͷ΢΢£漴޴趯кһ֯ɣֻĽŲһ̤棬ڿն𣬾޴һ趯̼Ʊ仯ƬնƱӰ֣һ֮ѹܶأ񷡣
ǿѹȺգȫǽɫ⣬ԽԽǿ·
ַĿĮ漴޽ŭХ֮·򷨽ڣȫҪ޽֮Уͬʱǰֲƽ̨֯۶ݣ޽ĳУѹԽԽֲ·ûκܹ赲һ
µѹŭХľ޴˵ĿӵޱǿʢϢ·ҪƬأݺݵĳַߺ˹ƬջһƬ޴ޱȵĴӰ
ȥַĴھ޽֮ϣ޽̨ǿһ⣬޾ĴӰжȥ޽Χ˺ڰħУ͸һУЩӰȫ޷һǰľ޽ڣɫڰĿռ䣬޴޽Ʒ˿ֲײ𵴵ճֿµĲƣ¡һ죬һαˣֻǰ޴˺һǰС
ơ𱬺һʱ𵴣ޱȿµٶȺھ޽֮ϣʹþ޽޷ܣ
ͬʱһ쫷ХֻһµĺڰȭâЯֲħֱ̧ȥֿȻֻ촫·ǹ֮ˣŭһֲĹ⻪ҪַԺ֮С
ϯͬʱ֮ɱַ˫ȭأĺ¡¡Ŀ첻ϣȺֻ˱Ѫ³漴¿׹䣬ݺݵˤڵϣʹȺԶͷҵš
ǿղǾ޽֮Ⱥַ㣬аţѹôһھ֮УһΪ
ַ㿴ĽɫĮŵʸûС
˵ַ꣬תصڵ̨֮ϣһˣʣ廹ж²ܡ
ɫ˲ò԰ȳ˼Ѫֻеɽǿ߶ڿѡսһʤ֮ˣҪôȨ
˻ɫѿ״̬սʤ֮ˣЩˣҲǾӢ
ҡȨĿⶢַǱߣȻַȴֱ𣬲̤ССʯѣΪ˴š
սÿһһ˱̭գĻձֻʣʮ˵ݡ
ϲλˡеǿ߶΢΢һЦʣʮˣԿԲμӾˣܹйսʸ񡣡
˻̨ϵȺ¶һĨЦ⣬Щ̭ˣȴûаˣΨįǣֻǿ͡
ˣɢ˰ɣһʱ䣬λΪ׼ɡƽ˵漴ʮöɳ̨ϵǰʱȺԶֽӹֱУӡ뵽֮С
漴һӰ˸ȥ뿪ߣһˡ


2165 ̬
ַ̤飬ԣмնУңңַ㣬΢Цŵַ磬Ұ˼öҩָܹϵĴˣھʲôҲи׼Ȼʲô鶼ûС
˵½ž̨ȻһֵľԺֵʽУڻ֪ھ½˶ԣ翵ģǵЩֲӦܹӴġ
ַ˺棬Ҳûȥ̽ʲôţ֮һеĴ𰸣
ӴĵĴڡ
ĵҩţҩǲҪ򡣡ַңңЦ£ʹңңĿַ˺ܶϵɡ
ܶࡣַ˵ͷ
Ȼûа취μӾҲõ˹սʸӦܹ뿴ַչ¶Լʵʸ磬ǿɲҪ໥ңңһߵľʣ
ַ;ʶһۣûж˵ʲôǶˣûȻսȻûѡս֮ʱκһˣ߱õġ
ַ㻹ǾʣǶⳡսڴ̫á
һµʱ䣬ַ׼Щʲôңңַ㣬ٶȿʵ
Ǳްɣһʱ䣬ȹһԼʵַӦ˵һ£̫飬ֻɽǱޣͼȹ̸ǿԼսַǰԵȻû̫ѹûܹԤϾᷢʲô༸ʵЩϡ
ҲãҲҪúԺ׷ϸǡңңЦ˵
ַصԼסž
ͬʱʥħšĻҲ½˿ˣÿһʮλþʸ񣬺ɽһԶǾӢǿ
ʥһ֮ǿվǣĿ⳯ԶȥɫĮͫű⡣
˾㣬ַ㣬Ҷа顣׶Ϻڰâգɫ䣬׶ȥһ漴һӰڿգߣȻ磬壬취Ҳʥ磬õ˾ʸ
ǵĲԶһ֮ĿգĿ˸ǰ֮أ૵ҸоУҲμӰɡ
ĻһźڰһӰͫڣɫ͸ſµ֮Ϣ
Сһǣ׼ɡʥ˵¶һĨа֮⣬ַ㣬˵Ҳⶫ֮Ѳҵġ
Ƕ֮ڣһɽ֮ϣкüӰжǿµѪ⣬ޱߣӶ·ɱ˰㣬Ƕ죬ڵˡ
һƽ֮ϣֻһ긺ֶۣ˫֣·֮Ϊޱߣ͸һУ֮Ψ˫ӵУ·𿴵һ֮սڴ½֮ϡ
ʥɽ֮ϣһӰۣƮȻ徲ţ·㣬ȻؽڣûκϢţнŲַ֮ϵãʥɽˡ
ʦ֣˴ξһڱصðɡĿ⿴ԶһԵİûлشĻôƽţͬһˮ㣬Ȼûа㲨
һֻ࣬һͷɮ黺ԣԶ˫ֺʮ漴Ŀ⻺ϣһƬ֮ϥ·һзӾȥκ֮½޷
ͺ¿װˡ˶ĺһȻɮѾ붨һлδ֪δš
һطͬиͷ̫ӳԴϣƺһȻͷȴɮˣ˿׷һλŮӣ΢Цŵ½޾εԵһ¶ˮ֮Եɾһμѻûܵõºˡ
Ա޳֮Զʱ޲̰½治Уžۼ֮أμӾ֮ʣ˵ϷŮӣ˵ţ⡣
еطϢƽվڸߴԶʼҲһȻȴһζԼ˻ɣΪ̫ңطˣοʮš
äͺֲͬʲôʱʯȺ
֮鹫Ȼûб̭ʱվһ֮ϣ֮ˡ
ˣԽԽѡ˾֮ˣ̬жӿֲͬ뷨Ųͬ飬棬̫˵ﶼ߳һƵȻ֪ܿ죬ǽҪط߳Ƶ߽ͬһ̨˭ʽ߷塣
޾ңԶ֮½ʥ֮أսѧԺ֮У긴һ꣬ĴѧԺɻǺǰһ֣սѧԺҲˣ̨ѳΪսѧԺǿæµ̨ͣһ˲뵽ѧԺ֮Уȱ㱻ǴȥĿⶼһʱ䶨Ƿ˵ַ֣㡣
ÿһ˶㽡Ĵʥ׷ɱһն˷ַ㣬ڡ
ɽ֮Уλһ壬ʱ߱潫£漴΢ЦôЩȥˣַʥҲֳôĶʧ񣬾Ҳÿˣַ㣬Ӧõ˰ɡ
һӣƽַǿȻ½̫̫㣬̫̫ǿ̶̼ʱ䣬ֻ̫Ҫܹվ̨ԽˣڷŨŨһʡ
ϻƣΪСַˡ߱浭Ц¡
ɡ΢΢һЦȻֻʱһӰλתʵ£
ҪμӷˡĿ֮ɫ漴λ¶һĨЦ⣺áãһ˻գսѧԺӭ˶ʢʱڡ
˵գһƣʱһƬɫ˲øȤӵۣŭ޳ܡ
ʱ߱ѾЦȥп
Щҹǳ貣·ھͷԼĹ⻪һЩ̤Ͼ̨һ


2166 ͶӰ
ѩ壬޾ıѩţֻʱλվһ飬ڱѩ
Сһʵˣʱһλ˵ʵ
ˣڳɻû⡣Ա˻Ӧ˵
ûʲô쳣ĵط˼ʵ
ûʲôСһóϵ»ɾͶϵ֮ʮ֮ǰӦ̤۾
ɾ͵۾֮ǰҪҲҪעκζĳ֮ġ
ס
أǲϳ߶𣿡
ʱ䶼ڱչأżȥǶ˸£ңҲڳ۾ˡ
ãҪѹѩûУ
֪ȥˡԱߵ˿Цҡҡͷ
ɣûмǴĻһֵľҪʼ˰ɣһЩȥɡƽ˵Ա֮΢΢ͷ

һƬռ䣬Ʋ֮ϣɹһϥƶˣĿ󣬾ְʮһȹţ͸ſµķӡϢ
ԶֻһվյУվ·ƬΪװ㣬˫ֱƽ꣬ûκεĲ
ڴʱȻ䣬ʮһȹϵȫһžغϣţٶںϣֱ뵽Ѫ֮У¶һĨЦ⣬Զ꿴ȥʦ
˵ٴˣҲʦҲκεӡƽ˵ʹԴԵЩΣЦŵУҵʦĻҸнա
ΣҪоʱĻȥƽ˵漴廯Ĺ⻪̼ʧӰ١
꿴ŶԷʧӰ¶һĨЦȻԷ̵̫ĶʹӵĪ֮ȻʵԷ˭ֻ֪֪Էʵܿ£µȥ֪ǽ̵ӰǷǶԷı塣
૵һǴһ˿Ц⣬漴˸뿪ߡ

ǣ֮ɽϣǿ߻һʮλǿ߲жȡþʸȺ󣬻кܶˣǻýڳʸ֮ˡ
ǰһǿ·һλϵߣ·ѸߣĿϺްϢȻȴ֪˾ǸЩ̤ڳǵУμӾ
˶𣿡ɱ۾һʱ֮˿ڵѡʸ˶ˣʱԳ
΢΢˵ͷ漴۾һɲǣȺֻо˵Ŀⶼ˫·޵׶㣬ɨȺ˶оԷڿԼһӹɣһǳµ
Ȼˣǳˡƽ˵漴˻֣ʱȺֻоһ֣⻪ҫ˵ض𣬻һʧߣ·ƾŲư㣬ȻȺȴٶȿ쵽һĳ̶ȣͬŲһٶȣ̫졢̫¡
һЩʱ̣Ⱥٶͣʱ˷֣վһ涼Ǿ·ĵطǵǰһţŸߴɣ׳ĵϷȸͬİ㣬貵Ĵ䶯š
ͨڳǵŵһߣʲôַ㿴ǰţţ·磬ΪʮֻǣôǵڳǺεأΪβͨ
ˡȺĿתһȺ۵ӰˣЩħŴȺ֮Ĵÿһӵѡʸ񣬺ܿ죬ħ֮⣬ʥԼĻˡ
ַ㻹˼λˣӪУ̤뵽ڳǣϾ̨֮ϡ
λ𣿡ʱʥһλǿƽ˵Ϊ׵ļ˷׷׵ͷʱٶȿڵٻְ֮ɡ
˷׷׵ͷ漴Ųǰ̤ĿⶸȻ䱬֮⣬ʱȾ֮ϣ⻪貣һɿֲâֱ·عһ
һ̣ʮ֮ˣȫ̧ͷĿ⳯ķȥͷҵĲţǿʲôʮֱ·ˣһƺ㲻Ϩ
ǵڳǣˡȺͷһ֪Ļ
ʮһɲǣʮӦʮŷ׷׿ˣȺĿڵһʱ䳯ȥȻȴƺֻһ޼ʵĿյء
λǿ߻תĿ⿴ˣڵ̤뵽֮˱ҪϸعΥߡն𡣡
֪˷׷׵ͷλǿߵɫ࣬漴˻һۣ໥΢΢ͷתŴŵ̤ȥͬʱڵǽɡ
˳³̤ǶҪǵڳǣʲôܡ
Ȼ̤֮ڿǵڳǣһڳ
ΪΣֻһƽ̨һ޼ʣ֪жô嫵ƽ̨ƽ̨俴ƺֱߣȻϸ֣ᷢʵԲεƽֻ̨Ϊƽ̨̫嫹ΪȺǰһСμ͸оûл߰㡣
ߣȥǰ˴·̤ƽ̨ȥ˱Ҳ׷׸ţƬ֮˳Žݣƽ̨û˵Ǵ·λǿ߶ûֻǰĵȴš
һʱ̣еĹ£ƽ̨·𱻵貵Ĺ⻪ÿһ䣬֮Уһɿµķ籩·ڷ漴ƽ̨ʼתţȻ
ô£ַͷ΢΢һգǸоԼգƽ̨һ
ң֪Լںδǰεء
Ȼǵȴ׵ļǿˣһȵʢ£ٶӡǵ֮УǿʮǿڿգǾ޴ƽ̨·һ磬ôӡǵǰĺǣȻֺǵǰһˣԳΪֻͣǣ侳
վƽ̨ϵȺǷƽ̨С˰㣬ΪѾԿӰʮ򣬷·վʮλÿһλһƵľţȻףʸսˣֻǧˡ
Ȼˣƽ̨ûֹͣû֪ǰδǵ˶ԣȴ·ûж㡣


2167 
ַͷգºĹ⻪ԡƽ̨֮ϣȺֻƽ̨֮ϣĳ˲پ޴ʯֲĹ⾰ãһƽ̨ϵڿˡ
ǵϿգ棬һϵĽΧǣĿ⿴ǣ·ѾȺ㡣
ǣȺͫ׽Զ£ʲôط
Īǣνڳǣ
ӭ֮ǡ֮Уһ£ʹȺͷ΢΢£ַ͵һ֮ǣ֮ǵȻİʵϣСʱʱΪǳͣѾ̤ν֮ǣڰ˻ĵл֮ء
Ȼ˿̣Ͽգӭǽ֮ǣ֮ǣ
ֻ֮ϣһߵӰĽٶ£ˣַͫٶ£м֮ⱬгֵƮߣйһ֮Եƺڴ˵е
Ԥߣ
ǿ͸磬ƺʵЩַаΪ𺳣ﾹȻԤߣ½ǵڳ֮УԤߵ㼣ôСֵ֮ԼԤߣʲôأ
Īǣֻ֮ǵӰԼԤߵӰʵĴڣ
ԤߵĿ⿴ˣЦͣǵһľ֮ƿأȣ˵˵ξɣ½Żһ½ǣԶΪһȵľʵϣԾڣҲ˵еİأϣЩμԼ֮ˣȥ֮ҲҪ飬ȥ²ɣˣ˿ҲܹľµģȻǲ֪ںη
ס˷׷׵ͷǴ˿̲ףƺǾ½̨ȻǲμӾ˶ԣҲֻһոµĿʼ
Ҫλǣ˴ξһкܶ䣬ǶһţµҲһпڴ˴̨֮ϣˣ˭Ը˳ǿڣһθң˳𣿡ԤƽĿ⿴ˣʵ
û˻ػǸ˶٣һ̨˳ôΣٴҲҪһʷԵ̨˵Ŀ⣬ڼ֤һС
û˿ڣԤߵϵЦΪļ֣Цŵȥˣѡһϯλǣɳڳǵʸ񣬵Ȼҹҳ֮ΪڳǣԺȻ֪
ԤߵĻʹȺԺнԶ룬ǵȻףνڳǣûеô򵥣ſǾ½Եģڵĵط
ַҲͺܶһڲֿܣϾǣɶûпټȻ½ȴ̫ĴԣǵڳǣһеĴ𰸲ܽɡ
ֻһٸǲлӴĺģһ꣬һٸƽÿֻ꣬һˡ
ǰʮˣ֮ǣǳţԸ⣬ԳΪ֮ǵһӣҲǴеģӣȻ˴Ϊٰѡģ
ǰʮϯλߣԳΪֱӣҲġ
ԤߵʹȻĶ۾½ڴˣҲһݣԸ⣬ǰʮˣΪֱӣƽ˵ӣֻŵӣ»ҪԺı֣ܹܷΪĺġ
ȻǻΪǰϯλ֮׼ý⽱ȵ֮󣬱衣Ԥ΢ЦŵλһξɲǶԾô򵥣ڶԾ֮ǰҪǵ츳־ԣˣһЩǿļԴɳޣǻκεƣ⽫һǳĿ飬ǣ׼ô
Ԥƽ˵ʹйâ˸ǶԾô򵥣ʵԲԶ¶֮ɫǡ
ʱһֹĻ£ȺȻ֣ǵǰһ޴Բ層ݣâתţ·ڽ֯һƬ鹹硣
˵תֿμӾ֮ˣǰһϽݣԲ֮ϡԤ߻ĿڣȺ̧ͷǰտʼƾ̨漴Ųһ̤׷׽
ǽȫǱ֮У۳壬´Уʱǣžһͬͬͬľ磬ǱӵеȫһУʱİǵ壬Ҫ棬Ǳ뽫µͨģҲٸʾԼȥܹЯģֻԴѵꡢǵԺ츳ǵ־ڣ׼ô
Ԥ߻˵ʹ˽Զɫ£漴ʯ֮ϣǰԲαݣȴǵĽʲôû֪
ַĿһâ漴۾ıϣȺǰμӾ֮ˣʵǿ˳ţҲԲݸӵпµͨҲǿĵ۱ȻһУᣬǵƶڣ̤棬һģԭʼȥһˡ
ȷܹˣͬһ㡣
֮еʯַһ̸оԼ㣬ͻأ䣬ַ͵Ļζţ漴Լ˵֮ϣٿΧѾʯ֮ϣһƬռ䡣
ҾȻƲԼıˣֵַĿȻ£˫֣ⲻı壬ıӦûʯ֮ϣ˿̿Ƶȴı壬塣
ҵַ֣֣˿̵ÿ磬ҲСÿʲôûˣһƣȫ룬̤ǱˣˣǻعԴʱ̣ͬԤ˵ܹЯľֻԴ;ѵꡢԺ츳־һУڡ
侳ַ૵һԼľ磬Сֻľ磬Ϊʣַ룬ڴԣƺ֮㣬˺һ֮磬ܹգʱӴصԪʵ껯Ρ
۷徳ֱӵ䵽㾳磬Щϰءַ¶һĨЦ⣬ȻţŶԣǱһеƣܹ㿪ʼԤҪģĹ̰ɣ


2168 㿪ʼ
ʱƽ̨ڵԲ֮⣬Ԥվգһǰ·͸ģܹĿһУЩΧ˶Կ淢飬۷徳Ļ̨۾֮ˣʾ֮С
ǣ֮ôһλ૵һУ֪һжǼõģȻڽ뵽˶ԣȴֶʵġ
²㣬սˣǵľ·ѹˣңȻûʹκͨ
еһжôҪ𣬴㿪ʼЩμӾһسͷβĿ飬һξͻ̭ܶˡ
Ⱥаţǿ߷һУеȺ·ҲԤ鹹磬ʵĳǵǰ
þ統еȺܶ޵Ĺ˻ڱ֮Уһ˺塣
һҽȺ漴ǿĳʯ֮ϣһӰĵȥûϢ
ȺһĻͫ¶ɫⲻǻþΪλʵңǵıṳ̂뵽ȥ
Ļܹ֮ûþʵͬԤߵʵѾһֿµľأܹµĳȺ̧ͷƮӰͷ˵ţЩ߸ϵҲǳ׾ھ̨֮ϣ̨һǶԾ
ѾѹμӾˣǺܻܿһ̨֮ϣĴңΪûйϵҲ̭Ļǵ־͡Ԥƽ˵ʹȺҲ֮΢΢һąܹ̤̃˶ӵзǳ֮־ʱҲֻһ䣬˵̲סͷš
Ƭ鹹֮УַڵطһƬɭ֣ⲻΪ类ѹˣҲѹƣǣļ䶼ģˣͨ䣬ģģҪҪͷʼһŰֽ
ȻֽԵġ
ˣʱ򣬿һǿʢǰǰÿȻ˿壬ȻоΪǿʢ֮Уһ޴ţ˱Űɱ¾Ϣ
⣬伶ޣͨûСַĿ£һ⣬漴Ų΢˲Ϣ񱼶ûս뷨ղβͨεĿˣ˿ģα
еĴһХֲ쫷ֱַʹָоһɿµѹ֮
ͫȻΧÿһϸڶôܹõģֻԭʼˣԪֱ֮ϣַɿţȻٶԽԽ죬ܿ׷ĽŲ͵צֱӳԴץȥ
ַ硣磬ңңĿ⿴һĻͷ͵Ĳ˲̫Σˣ˵ʲôַ·Ҫڴצ֮±׵˺ѵ
ȻʱַĽŲӲֹס΢΢һһצԲַȻץס˴צϷ漴ȭͷݺݵĳŴĸȥۼȫԪһһХĸȻӴݺݵַϣʹַ͵ˤڵϡ
Ȼ˲תͫ׶˵Ĵ˫ſڿն𣬳ԶȥѪڴµ䡣
ַ˿գ˾ѶȣȻַԼȻͨļģˣǣľ仹ڣܹٵ
̧Ųַᶨ̤˳ȥȻܹ֮շУȻȴûôƬɭֿкܶޣȺĹʮҲá
֮ΪԪսԪ֮⣬־յңҪһ־Ҳ׾ٰɡַߵͬʱаܿ죬һ˫·ܹ˻þС
ʱ۾ַ㣬ַֻоһƮȻɵŮӳ飬ȻӰ
һɿµΣϮַҧҧ죬·ڵѪ㣬顢ѩ塭ͫ׸䡢Ļ泯ʱһ漴ͻأǰһȭԴ˹ȥ
ַ͡ѣظһѺۣ·㱻˺ĵȥַ㽫ƿ漴УȡеŲûͣɼͲεǰߣԤߴĿռ䲻ܻǾ˼ΣյľأҲƽ֮Ĳǲġ
ַɭ֮УûĿĵߣҪĿģҪ˺ܶεΣò˫·Զ֮⣬·Զôĳ棬еƣ㡣
һգַɭ֮УǰһӴޣͼΪӴмܹ³µĻ棬Ȼ׾ٶȺַĽŲȴͬһÿһ̤ôᣬͬƮҶ㣬ʱ־Ҷ裬ÿһζͻȻڵǰ漴ȻҶֲĻԪݺݵĺ޵ϣȻȴδҡ˶Է
ַ˻ͬʱѾһֱӳڿУ漴һ˺ѵķֱ֮ն޵۾ϣʹõµ˻֮
ַμԾ漴һԪ֮ٶȲ޵һֻС
ֹһЩʱַ̣㳹׵ĽͷĥɱȻߵĶ֮УϥĿ⿴ǰԪҸôһʲôԵĹܹҵľأ
ַ֮ʱĹҪǴշ쾭ȻƾԼԺܿ촴һƵĹȻϣܹһĹļȡ֮Ԫ磬Լܹ̤Ƭ֮˵ǰ档
Щںһ磬ǻῪʼ棬һʱɼˣΣ


2169 ͻΧ
Ԥ߽Ǵ뵽ƬİĻ磬ӵеһֻƾ츳־ȥ棬ȥǿַ㶼֪ƬǷҲһ߶ģҲ䶼пģȻҲǿܶѡ
ȻַƬþеΪֻ֮ܵͣȻľ飬Կһʺ֮ĹһιĿַʱ֮ã֮Уַֻӿһǿʢ֮ԪϴԪǿ
ֻڶ֮Уַһһ£³˼֮ĹȻм沢Ҫһ׶ʵ죬֮Ԫ֮ǷǳʵֶΡ
תۼ䣬ֹȥգַֻȻſͫо֮â˸غһ֮Ϊãַʵٶȷǳ£Ѿ֮磬ңĹͨӦ֮ǰּˡ
ȥߣҪôܹΪ֮ˡַаһѾͨҪ֪Ԥ߰βǻʤʵ֮⣬ҪЩʲô
ַ֮߳㿪ʼӿٶǰУͬһ򣬼ᶨƵǰţܻ߳Ƭɭֵġ
ʱַһޣµľ¶Һַַ֮ͬ־˻Ʈķ磬һԾգͬչᣬȻ˶£ȻȻɱճһĴӰɫצ޼᲻ݣžߴԴ˺ѹȥֱץһѪ⡣
𡣡һ˻𣬾ԳַȭâãԪϵЯ޴󱬴£Ľ֮ԪͨԸϵ⻯޹ӳֲַɱ֮ȡˣֱ֮УԪصԼľ޷ԦӴԪ
ƬɭƺǳַߵͬʱʵȲɱսٶȷǳ£ҲַһѹЩǿת֮ʵôѸͣǱģĺܶ䣬ֻƾǶе͸ܹӾϣûκϰһ·ͨ裬¶תǿ߶ԣڳɾ͵۾֮ǰʲôѹ
֮ˣܹĿһУ˶ɭ֮нɱǺܶ˶ܹԴͨɱޣٶпǻ֣ЩػĶУйͨ߱棬ЩΪ޶ṩġ
ÿһƬɭеȺмʮˣȻгڣֻһڣһӴȺػΨһڣҪͨ棬ͱҪ̤ȥȻĿǰΪֹûܹɹв˷ֳںͻΧмȺΧ֮¡
ֹһʱգһͻȺػɭֳڣ̤ɭ֣һ˵Ⱥ壬Умǳ
ţƾһ֮˳ȥˣһ磬һϮ£ƮݣڣԳ棬һܹһ·ͻΧ޲赲Ĳ
ַ㵱ȻҲʼһͬޣ֪˹ڳڵϢʱҲһɵ֮ͬС
ǰɽˣƬǽ޷շеɽȵĸ߶ȣҪƬɽȲܳȥۼ˺ܶޣܳ۷ǿޣȻǰܹǴݻ˺ѣǰЩͻΧȴӲıɱǲŸոȲԶˣΪλ֧ͬ˵ԭ򡣡
ʱһ˿˵˵֮Ϊ¥ò㣬ΪȻ˫ȴ˸Եø֧ͬ˵ķҲַ뵽֮ͬС
Ƭɽȵжǿ֪𣿡˿ʵ
ǿԿ϶ǣҪͨĿˣҪЩͻƬɽȣðգҲҪȥ̽һȻΣ˵Ҳƣڱˣ¾Ҫ̭Σա¥ƽ˵
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߰ɡַĿ˸Ųǰ̤ΪˣȻҲͬˣ͸˵ĵףȻҲñ׿Լ
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ǲûκε֮⣬߹ǵľۼأյпʼſµʨգһ˫˫˸о־塣
֮߳ƬɽȣˮԼǰĳ϶մѪһֱ۶˺ˣǱʨ˺ѵģӦ죬Դͱ˺ˣң侳ûôĻָѪ
ûʲôϣˡ¶һĨı֮⣬ֱ۱˺ܴľۿۣѺ˱ȼˡ
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2170 غ
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Ǳֱ۱˺ѣ̺ЩĶǺεȵļͣΪƶְĶҡ߱ˣеֻĮȻɡ
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лղŵһһҪһԡַ¶һĨЦ⣬ղֱ۱˺ѵʱַնһͷʨգֲҡ
Ӧġַûٶ˵ʲôתǰ˳ŹŵǰĳԽԽ
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2171 
ĺӳַϣһƬַ̧ͷ¥𿴵һ˫˫ͫĮĮȻնûκС
ַгһɫĽ˺ڰ֮ϢĽֻеһУֱȥˡ
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ˣ˵ͬʱˣһǰһͬʱַն˹ȥδɱѾ١
ַĽŲͬʱźڰ֮ĽŲ̤ͬ㣬ͬҶƮ裬ޱȣȴƮûзһ·𿴲켣巽гһڰۡ
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ôܡʦɫ԰ףյ΢΢Щֻǰַ㻺תӳȥоһĲŲĳȥǽǫܾ̂߳ʹ䡣
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ַ뿪֮˵ĿٶȲڵ֮ϡ
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ַǰ㣬ͬʱץס͸Գʺĺڰ֮͵Ťתˤȥͬʱ沿Ĵ
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Ĳ磬Ѿкܶ˵ˡַĿɨһ⻷ֵӰܶѾڸղŵлģһЩ»ᱻø


2172 ˭
磬һʯ֮ϣһ֮󣬲ѹ񣬴ѾʮѾˣͨȺۣǷ֣ʮˣ඼Ǿ½صļʢ
һˣѾ˳ˣǵһЩǿߣ˺üλȻҲһЩƺ֪
е˭ƺһ鹫Ӱɣ˾Ȼ鹫ӶҪ߳ǣܶ˶ۣÿһǶ̽ǺˣҲһֱûд̽еĳ˳ɵó档
Ҹղ˵Ҳ½֮ˣǳµһˡ
ǰǷ쾭ʥݵˣ
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ѹ֣ܹе壬Ҳˡ
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ֵʱұ̽˺ܾã˾Ȼֻһ֮˵֮ŶԣҿɫȻƽûа㲨ȥһһۣƽ֮з·̺Ψ֮ţ·ʾţ˭
渮֮ˡʱһ꽾˵ԭ˺Ȼַ壬ڻ֮󲻾ãҲ˳
Щ˳˳ƺܹԤϵ֮ĴȾԲʧˡа̾пӿޱڴ

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ַ㻹һЩˣ׶졢Ƕڣоʺ磬Ҳ棬ǰ棬磬ĻҪڸղ̤Ƭռġ
֮⣬Ҳǰ棬ʮеļλ٣ǿַʱ֮нԶһĺ⡣
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ʱ˶Ծսһַϵã֮ʱĺԡŮӣ˿̵ģսĶֻܣ⻷٣壬漴Ҳʧ
ַ㡣ʱһʹַĿ΢ת漴¶һĨЦ⣬ʦ֣ˡ
û뵽Ѿôˡ¶һĨ֮ɫȷʵ̫ˣѾԼڴ˿Ƭռ䣬û뵽Ѿô˵ˡ
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ϣһսʤ΢΢ͷ
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˵ʵȷʵȴһαս˿ſֽܳ½˻սϾǰˣҲҪȣȡ߳ȥ
Ȥֵʱսô˿̣ٶȿڣ˵֮ʮٵеĵ٣λַǰ治Զ
ȻȻ޷ɱҲ̤ϣ߳׶䣬еɱΣɱַ㣬һ顣
ϴαߣοûôˣһ㱻սͱҪӦսֱʧܡ
ǹˣ׶ڴֵʱ
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ţ׶ɫ΢ǽ֮
ˣŲ̤ħ񷭹޾ĺڰ׵ֱֱۣһȭųаշѹ˳ȥҪƽ
аȭͷԥĺ˳ȥʱȭһ貵ɫҫţһ׵ֻ
ˡаһӰ·ֱʧʹ׶ͫһ̳֮ʱаֱӳ׶ʺϮɱȥ׶ȻĽֻܹаƶ׶ʺʹӰֱʧԭء
ͬʱһ⻷а֡
ͬ磬ƻôԡȺɫ£ʣˣǽ塣
սѾǸˡаӵ˵漴Ӱʧʹ׶ɫ԰ס
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ꡣ׶ȭͷգɱڰ׹ַ֮㣺Ҹıˣ׼ھ̨ˣϣλһأֻҪҼ̤һΣ£
׶Ƕ˵ģҪַ棬ɱַ㡣


2173 
ҳȫ㣬ͷɡλ׶ĻЦַ㡣
˱ãȵ֮ٶɡ׶䣬˿սɼţַǰ˲Ͽѡսʤ뿪Ƭռ䣬ֵ׶ʱԥĶַ㣬һַϣ̼䣬׶Ӱͬʱս̨֮ϡ
֣ȻıȻֻǽ̤һҿԸ㣬̨̨֮ء׶䣬Ϻڰ׹ҫΪְ֮аƿؽղҲܻôҡ
ַû˵ʲôϴκ׶콻֮ʱˣԸ׶ĵŰɡ
׶嶯ˣÿһַ̤оһɼΪصѹֻ׶ͻȻ䱬µ׵֮·ֱҪַըȻַֻ廯һƬĻ׹׶ȴδֹͣĶµѹʹַ·Ųó˰㡣
ɱ׶һգʱַ˺Ʊ׵ְ㣬ûаĽ޷ԽֱӻȻȴ׹⣬һ˻𴫳һڷṳַ̆з·һħţӰͬһţħ㣬ޱȵʹķüǿ׵޷ͬʱַĺڰ֮ȭ˳ȥͬɫڵ㣬ʹ׶ɫһоŵ˲䱩ʱշ·ը˰㡣
ַٶȱˣͬһ㣬Ȼɱ£ϺдӰ֣չᣬ˲Ϣ׶ǰ
𣡡֮գµշѹ׶졣
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ˣµ׶޷ܣϥַŭµɫ΢Щ԰ס
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ŤתŲӣ׶ѵתĿ⣬ַ㣬ڰ֮ɱ
̤˭ַƽ˵漴Ű׶һ˺ѵʹ׶ɫҰס
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ַ㣬׶ڵĹ⻷һ׶ܣַ棬ַʤֱӽĻԱƬռǰ֮˲ƽʤֻǽ׶ѡ
ַ׶ɫ鴤ɫ࣬Įû뵽Ƭռ侹õ˲Ĺͨƾ豾ʵ㲻ôˡ
磿ַ£׶죬¶һĨϷŰɫƺ뵽ʲô׶ɫһַ㣺㡭
㻹ǵԼѾսˣǵȵҵʱٰһΣַ˵Ц£Į׶죬ʸ񶼽ᡣ
׶ɫ԰ףַĻЦ£׶μӽʸûУħ׼˵ı飬һܾʰɣħ׼ҵĵһˣڵһ֣ͳ֣ƺǰϯλء
㲻ô׶
ÿɱˡַӵĿ׶һۣ漴ֻƽĿ⻷ֵս̨ϵս
Ҫʲô׶˵û
۱ԣҪĶħ׼ңõóġ׶첻ôı̭ûüͷԼַܹʤֻǽҶѡ
ħ׼ң׶죬Цַƽ˵ʹ׶ɫԽĲ԰ףȻַָħ׼ҳ顣
Ҫ׶
𣿡ַת׶죺ҵĻҪֵڵϣһԷһء
أ׶ŭַ㣬̫ˡ
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ڣˣַ㣬׶ɫҰףűַ㣬ԾôԲУҪɳڳǵʸ֪ǵڳζʲôҪǿ󣬻ħ׼ҵҫ
ʱַ̣ǰ棬Ѿֻʣһˣַ㣬ôĵȻƽ
ˡֻ׶鴤ַȥ˰ɡ
ΧȺнԶһ׶죬Ϊ˾Ĺˡ
棬˶ĿһĻ׶죬ַ¹еҲˣħ׼ҵҲˣǵɫܾʡ
ӦΪ˽ľϾ֮ǰأַܿвħ׼ҵǿ˵
Ƭռ䣬죬һɱַ㣬ϴˢ衣
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ʱַŹص׶죬ƽĵұʹ
˵ţַĿ⿴һˣԾʼûս׶졣
Ȼ׶ɹǣ·Ҫεĳ裬ַ㣬ɱ
ַս˱ȽϺһˣûз̫ľõʤһ⻷֣̼䣬Ӱʧһַֻ̣оʶع鱾𣬷·ͻȻ㡣
ַ㿴ѾȺ³ˣǽˣԤߵÿ£ȻԳǵʶ汻ɱûʶ塣
ƺ㣬ַ̧ͷֻеԤƶ¶һĨЦ⣬ףַҲЦˣȻճֹԤߣǵԼ
㻹ΪֶͨǰȻеĳɳҪһЩɸ˴˴εľ˵ĻЧȻǰǣܹǰϯλܹʸ񵽴úŬ
һƮַĶУʹַ΢΢ͷȻŬǰϯλĿ꣬Ȼ˿ͷϵıֻһʮλȻֻʱĶѣǰܶ׶죬Ҳȥô


2174 ս֮
ַú׶ӰҲˣֻ׶ɫûа֮ĸˣΨɱ
ַ㣬ڵġ׶ɱַ˿վܹһУףղַµһĻĿˣļ壬ֳ裬ʮٱַ㣬ɱΨŰɱ
㵽ڻûлټɡַ㵭˵һ׶ͷŵ֣һʮһʮλ
äа̨ջоҲڡַ㿴磬ܿҵϤӰ̨ԼնԳ֮нǿҪһռ䣬ȥĻܷ»Ҫ
̨⣬ҩ֮ˣɣ㿪ʼܳԿóɱսƫҲһǴȻ̨Щ֪ʲôʱܵǹ⻷ռ䣬ʦ֣ҲַĿ£⣬ַ㻹ڣԼһû뵽֮ˣ
Ҳˣңڶʦֺֺ治Զʮȥ֮󣬾ҲμӴ˴ξңƺӵˣϵģ˸̸о߹Ʈ죬·޷ӽ㡣
ȻЩ⣬ʥݻʰʵȡǰˣҲ˳ھսɮʯƷ͹Ƕûпɼξѡʸжѡ
֪һ֣ö˽ַаһӰع鱾Ҳ䣬ַ̾Щ½һ䡣
ȺĵĵȴţעÿһԾڣ˶ٵĹ⻷֮ʱԤߵƻӶâãմƬþ·ʧ˰㣬˶½ѹЩûüͷ΢΢һ֪Լܱ̭ˣǿܶ˵ͷֹ⻷֮ʱǸӵȷš
٣̭˴Щˣǵ츳־ǱЩҪġ
Ԥ߿ˣƽĿڣûл֮ˣʯɡ
Щ˽Զ¶ʧɫѾôѪΪһ̨Ȼ̭֮ʱȴ·ô׾Ҫ뿪̨ˣΨ̾ϢԶʯǽŲȥʯҲ֮ʧƽ̨·֪ʱѾô嫣ˣܹ׵ĿԷ
ַ㣬ˡ̨ʯַ㺰һ
ַ΢΢ͷ漴һ̨ԵԼǶûܽһֻ֣ԼаˣȻаĪϧԼҲˣа;Īϧ壬ڵ츳Ҳѷɫ壬ڣеĵλ塣
Ȼǣ½ٸϾĿ飬ʦֺ֡аڣ¶ûܹЩʵһܲңΪʥǿߵʮԴ뿪ָУﱾʵΣԤơ
ˣӦñǻˡַĿһ֮ˣһ
ڶϯλ֮ˣַ㶢渮壬Ŀ΢΢£Ϲƺ渮忴ַһۣ漴üͷ΢壬Ƭ֮¶һĨЦݣСһԭ㣬ˣҵıҲϰɡ
ַͫ΢΢£Ȼһϳˣ۾˿õǱò͵渮ɲһ
һΪֻʣһˡ˼˵е⣬ԽԽʢ
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ǳַĿһһɨȺľһį
Ƭռ䣬ַĿ⻷ƽ̨Χƽ̨·ȻԶȴ˺ܶ˹ⲻǵˣЩһԶͫ䣬ɲ֮УһЩ
ַ۲Щһ֮Уһѩ׳۵ǣΧ˿֮ʱһĨľη֮ɫ֪˵ݣȤǣԾȻһСһСһĿ⾼ΪɣôСѾľˡ
˵һ˰ǣѩ׳ۣһַǿȻܹϳڻʰʵ֮պֵѩǿߣѩ磬ǰԼСǰĿеĽѵȻ޴档
ʱѩĿ⴩͸գַϣ漴һǰСû˵Ȼȴ֪ˣʲôϵ
ַ㣬ˣĶӣעѩΪҫ۵Ĵڣ㣬ûлӴԼĶӡѩа츳Ѿѩ嶯ˣΪַ츳ͷǳټ壬һС
ûַ㣬ͬѩ尲ŵܹԽôѩ翴һ꣬аš
죬һսһЩǳʵúÿսŻһλᡣʱС꿪˵ĿɿԶƽ̨ƽĵ
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ĸ˵ҸףǾ½šС
ĸĸףȻô˵죬ԣӦĸףǿߵ·ϵİʯ谭֮·ģӦúһֻ׷Ŀתϡ
΢΢ͷ۵ӣƺ˶Էĸ룬ȻȴǰĸΪ˵̸ҪǿͬҲᰮĸ
Ȼ˻˵ĸ״Сѩ֮ˣ˭˵ĻҪԼȥ⣬һζӣҪԼ뷨
һ۷֮ϣֻһ걳˫֣ʳȻʱĿ⴩գǾƽ̨ȷе˵ַ㣬˫ȴ¶һĨӵ΢ЦַȻô˾̨Ҳһһ·ԼؾѰɡ
ϣַܹȡúõĳɼ٣Ҫǰϯλܾˡа˵һ˿ҿ¶ηɫͬʱһλŮӶ꣬ӲõЦݣ̲ס΢΢˲ȻҲһ档


2175 ɲǼ
ַ㲢δע⵽ǵڳҲʱעǼǿϣȻûпԶļӰң㿴СһҲϲĶӣϾʲôʱĶ֪
Ϥ˺ܶ࣬ңϹԼʥ˶ǰⲢûе⣬ַһͷɮˣϢƽɮˣѾ̫ĸı䣬Ѿյʿ£ɮ˸о޷͸ϣûа֮⣬ƽһͨ˰㣬ͷϵ֣ǰˡ
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ܹλеڰ˵ˣȻͨˣַ㻹֣ƺ죬ǹ̼ǳĬûˣʥɽޣȻȡˣҲζţɮˣҲʥɽޡ
ʥɽʿʿʿַʥɽһΪпһ꣬Ĺˣгɳһزģַ㲻ɵС֮ǵ龰
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֪ǵʦֵܣ໥ʶܻͬ˶Ըˣˣͬĳ֣κһͬˣֻˣͬʱΧ˶Է۶ԷǼ˵ΣҶֱĨɱ飬ɣ˺µͬˣǽɣȻ̤һɲǳ⣬⣬ǿҪסһ㣬Ƭռ䣬ֻܹڣͬˣҲֱն㣬ͬҲ⡣
Ԥ΢Ц˵ʹȺӿһĨ⣬׶Է棬֮ܵͬˣΪ˾յһº֣ԣͬƣҲƣҪʱ̷Ƕսʱ̡
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Ԥƽ˵漴ƻӶٵâƮȥһȨȳ֣ʹȺ򲻵ѣǾ⴫Ȩȣϣõɡ
ˡ⻪ҫƽ̨֮ϣһ貵ĹĻ棬Ľ֯һƬ磬û֪ԤߵʲôֶΣȻ֯һ磬˿µʥɡ
ãȥɣ·꣬ǿֻٸסһ㣬۱֮ģҪ֣Ԥߵ£ʱ˶Ų̤ȺΪǻһƬռĸʱ𾪵һĻˣˣȫۼһǵģͬһˣһ顣
̤еһɲǣ⡣ȺͻȻԤ߸ղһĪĻͷ΢΢£ϵͬ˳֣Ψʱ򣬳⣬Ⱥɱ
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ͬˣǶȫζԷʦֵܣȻҲΪֵܵܣǸѣ磬ʮеˣȫƬռ䣬ֻ˺Ƭ̣;һ
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ַ㿴壬Ŀ΢΢һ˵˴ξԸǰһЩУת壬ַԽǰλУתһ壬ˣǷǳµĴڡ
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еһʮ壬Ȼӵٶȣƺտʼڵһ־׶صİɣ׶ڱˡ
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Ⱥ𺳣ַĺٶȣͬ㣬׶챳ħ죬ҰԵλǾ޴ѪĿģȻٶ˾Ȼ׶죬ҲѪӵߣԽŲ̤յ꣬˵Ĳ
Ǿ½һ۷̨ٶϿǿ̫ˡһ˲䣬ȺоǼ顣
￴һĻɫ£漴һ⣬̼䣬貵ɫ֣ﱳ˫˸е飬ɫ㳯ַǱȥ
Ķɫ£ıͬ˫ɫ˫һĿѣ׷
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ȺһֵĿ֣ҪչʾǵжôѤô
ңƺûн죬з·̫һַķ
¡ܶ˿ڿˮһĶˣ֮ħѪɫڵһ˲䣬֡


2176 һ
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ˣĪϧа塢ʵҲǿȻǶһ˿޷Щǿߣ˾һ𣬳ԷҲͬ˾ţҲڱ̭
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ܿ죬ۼȺ̼ȫƬռĸɢȥֻмļλսȻûԸȺۼĵطս̫Σˡ
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֡аһʱ־ԣع湲һޱߵĽ֮аУɱ£ҪƬն
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ַ˿̿ڵعҡ
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ˣĮַ֮ͫ㣬ɱ漴¶Цǰľʡ
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2177 ŭս
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ȻΪһսȻҲǾ˵ǿȻ壬ܹսһ
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ַߣһˣֻҪԷΧ˵Σ㲻Υ
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ƽ˾һۣʲô
⼸մȾ˸Ǵаĺܣ֮Ըǰɡƽ˵漴ģһﺮˮȴлҫνףޡ߹ķ֮Ρ
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׶죬ĺԩ׷ɱַ㣬ɱ˵׶ŵַ㣬ȴַɱڤڤע


2178 ŭһ
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Ȼ֪֮˵뷨뵽ħ׼ҵĺޣ׶죬ԴӳһգѾעһֻ֣⡣
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ͬʱ٣гѪɫĳնɱȥ·ϧһд۶Ҫ£Ҫֿ
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ַٶҲ쵽˼ޣȥ˸䣬գֻ죬ʱ޾⽻֯ɣȻ˿Ըϵֻһˣһʱշ·Ҫͣͣɫ£ɫĴնַޱ߷֮ճ׵ı˳
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2179 
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ǵȴǼ䣬Զַȥɱεš
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ַǽٵһɽ֮ϣϥѪڵϢڷڣϢ
½޷սˣǻӦֵܹǰϯλõǣҪȨˣҲ֪Ԥ߻Ժַʽչֵ档
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˭ɱģ˭ʥ˿˳һۣ漴ͬʱ̤硣
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Ƕ֮Լħ׼һˣԶ䣡


2180 
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ң־ʥ̵ֲŰɱǶ֮򣬵ǿûɫޱȣԼ綼μ˾羹Ȼûͨһ֣ΪƣϾᣬս츳彫˴ξϣȴǼϣǵȵģȴ˲пһĻ
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ҲʱҵԸͬ˵ѣҶԷǷǳˬĴӦ
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ͬȺ۵ս֮д˿̵ȷ־棬ַɽ֮ϢȻ⵽ɧţʱյУַĽݺݵĴһ˵ʺ֮УѪĿĶַ㣬϶ɵǿͬ˱Ҫɽϵļߵ˸ɨֵģû뵽ȴַԼŭ˵ŭ𱬷ʱ򣬿ʼǵɱ¾ģʽܿ죬ȫˣһֱɱҪϮַ㼸Ĳʹۣ߽ϵѪ˱㲻ɧˡ
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ǿŷӡǣַЦŴʹþɫȻ佩


2181 
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УλУһڡһ⥣ϴַ֪ı壬ıʲôҲֻ֪֪óʮ֮ңʮɵµӡ
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ˣұؼҡƽ˵ȻȴҡҡͷҵļҲǡ
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ҪƴμˣҲҪµʲôа䣬֮Ȼɫȴĺܣʥ˵۾·ǵ㡣
һֱҪץ꣬λ壬ǷǳʺϡʥЦţĹʥҲµǿߣȻֻһ߲뿪̨ĻƺŤˣѾûΪʥ˵š
СģһҲǿäԴë£ƺоʲô㡣
ϢޱȣҲǳΣաа˵ͷĽɫ
սûжܣǶԷҪǣӱܲǰ취Ψһս
һԣ׼ˡʥϲڰϢ˵ов֮⣬·ܹ˻ǣ
ˣֻʥ˵ü֮䶾곤ìֱǰˣʱĪϧͬʱս̼䱬һ̤֮־ı̼˸о޾־У·Ҫʧȥսһµ־϶ǵս֮ġ
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ǵֻӰǰжΪ׵һվ˵м䣬ЩϢ£Ȼһ۾ȴΪ·ûԼɣΨɱ⣬ûһ飬˵ūܡ
м꣬Ȼӣ̫ɱһо֮ˡ
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˿̵ַƸоʲô㣬ֻĿȻת漴ɽıԵֻһӰջ£һϯۣϢ·ûа㣬ͬһһȻϢȴַоһв֮⣬ͷϵַʮɼ˶ȻҲ츳ǳµĴڡ
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һˣַ㶢ԣʵǿǳ֮£ս֣ԾĪϧǷǳ
ң⣬ڲԶһ˻Ķţ·ʱְܳ㡣
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Ȼ԰ĹַȴܣĿɨԶһַۣ⣬̼䣬̫⻷̼䣬·Ƭնһ֮⾳һĻʹɫһĨĿַһۣˣƺһҪһս֡
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סַ֡㱬һĪϧѾ֮ͬˣַûǣԤǲͬͬʱһսսģ򽫱ֱĨɱˣֱӳ֡
ˣ˿̣ʥ˵޾ֱ˽äԴֺֻҪС
аһ֮ͷŵ˼£äĹ֮Ҳ£ȻڰԼ˽äؿڣ͸ʱä¶ʹɫ·ס
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졣аӿ˽äĽʥ˱۾üͷ壬һɺɫ˲Ϣ棬֮նɱһεѪ䣬ȻʥһƬռֻ֣ϣһѪĽۡ
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Сġа̤ھĪϧǰϵĽͬ˰ӿܵһжôǿʢֻǿ޷סҪԽ⡣
ǣֲӡһУаʧȻһǧ֣֮Ѫ¶
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аĪϧɫ£ȴַ㿪ڵа˵Զͬˡ
áаַ˼ͬ˲˳ͬһսֻ֣а˳ս֣Զߣ㲻Ǻַȡλü뵽սֵС
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ʦ֣ȥĪϧַ彵ڳǰֵ˵ͷЯֻص⳯ԱߵսֶȥﳤƮ֮ɣַƽʵҺ㽻ˣֻͬǺʶΨһܹںҲˣѵãϣ㵽档
ַ㿴ų·ܹܵţԳ֮ΪԸ
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ַɫ΢΢һûٶȣͬµģһӡ塢壬޷һʱ䣬һ磬Ҳǿͣ۷徳ûͻƣϾ˵۾Ҫʶ۾۷壬ѹ󣬳ľһ·ͻƵ۷徳
һԸ㣬ңϼһһֱûʹȫǲţԿǱߡٶƽ˵ֻʱʥܷ·ǧڰ·ʹߣϣɢһԶŵĿϢ
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äаоڶһɲڷӣ츳׿վַ̲֮⣬ĪϧԼа̶ҪЩȻǺʥȣгֱ̬


2183 Ϣɱ
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￴һĻ¶һĨЦ⣬һߣǹ궯ĸоԽԽǿңʥϵ·𳹵׵ıˣһʥ֮ȻֻһƣȻ˸оˣĹʥԼʥʹöȻΪʲġ
ǵһЩɣʥһЦʱַϽ·Ҫʰ㣬ǹɺ˵ĿϢֲ̫ˣǽ⣬ַˣһ޽
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ˣ޽ƿգ·ΧһжĹţǹԶŵʥ֮·Ƭأնɨƿ
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ѹһеϢеķ۳·Ҫٶȱ˺һأ裬ޱߣʥϵı˫ƲϽɹӡ޽ʥ˵ɫԿأȻַܳʹõҲǹʥ
ΧĿռ·ȫʣѹһеԼµ궴޷ɵκ˺ϢڵսսͣǵĿߣͷ΢ǿײײԶоЩľ
ʱ¶һĨЦ⣬˫֣й֣Ӳֻսʥ˿Ӱôûнסڣ
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ʧˣ૵һɫȫû漴ӰڿնվգĿ⳯ʥȥֻʥӰԻȻȴԵЩ
ȻϺ꣬һֱڷҡһʥɫΪѿų㻹ǶȤ
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ַѾΪһĻȻЩ⣬Ұ̫ˣҪʥϹҲ̵ʥһֱͷڸղźԼֶԿʱ򣬱óóˡ
￴ַһۣЦŵǵսҪһˣٻᡣ
˵ţҲԶƮˣʥˣҪԸЩˣ㲻ˣղлɱ⼸˵ģûôѡðʥˣΪʥ˸ȤһЩ߶ûгɹҲڣûгɹûгɹӲȥԼѡ
ˣȻҲ£ųһˣַûأƾǵʵҪһ֮ǣܣңǱߡ
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ȻûʲôǹһʵսӻΪǳֵõģڸղţ㿴˼ֲܳΪĶ֡
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һɿֲϢӾϳ׵ı𣬴Ц۽ģʧȻЦɣ͸һа졣
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ˡϵɱ֮񱬷Ϣɱ֮ţһ
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ޱߵĺڰȻξ֮Уȴ˺תַӰɵ΢΢£૵ȥ
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ʵ磬۾һ۾Ϳַ㣬ɵͷһңôˣôξ
ÿµַͨĿ⽩Ӳ˭ɱϢ


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һַ䣬ѹ֣һǰϢܹ֮֮ɱӰΣϢ˰Ϣߣ˯Լղ˶ԷİϢɱ֮Уֳܴ䲻ⱻУӰεɱ֪ܶԼ˹ױ밲Ϣ֮
ղŷʲôˡﱻַץţͷ΢΢ţ˵˾䣬ղţξʵ޷ԨȻȴַٻ˻Ҵ˿ַ;ĶԻƺͨΣʵΣղţȷٻ
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̤һԡַ˵һɺʹﶢַ㣬ˮģ۾о¶һ˿ίɫ
ַ㣬ʲôַǳɫЩŭ쵰Һǳ
졣ַĿɨ˾һۣʹþϵͷţɱϯȻֱַٶȿȥ
һصڿգ·Ժ֮Уʹͷ͵һ
ŶίӦһ˻ʯַʧΣΧ˽ԶĬֻǰĿŸղŵһĻȻȨҲ֮¡
صʯ֮󣬵ͷ΢΢ŬŬ죬¶һĨƤɫƺЩЦ⣬Сֽľ¶Ů̬һûע⣬ȴȫ˾Уɫа̾Ѿͷжǻ쵰Ҳ֪Ȼ÷˰Ľ֮ģܹ֮һҪúõĽѵһҺǳ
սɼַ֮սַǰ棬ΪַһսǵģһԾɾʣ˽Զս״̬֮Уǵʵ಻Ǻܴ󣬱ϾҲ̫Զգָˣȴȡⳡսʤ
ǿȫԽԽˣʱǰ֮˶ڱĿ񣬰ĵȴĶԾ棬ǶԣĶԾ档
ֵַ֮ʱӡڹĻ֮ϣ̼䣬岽˹Ȧ֮УĶҲˣĿƽĿַ㣬ǾʮַŮȨβԼҲֱӷ
ǰһֵı֣֮˶ܹͬսˣǺܶ඼֪Էʵεģ໥䲻֪Է˭ˣǰ֮ˣҲַʵ
սɡַ㲢ûнһսϣھʮսҲܣ̸ϣѾ
սŮǻǽΪ˵Ůˡ˵һЦʹַһ䣬Ȼ䱬һɱǿʢ£ͬʱµϣǰ̨ܻ
֮ɫ΢Ϣ䣬˳ڴ˿ַ̣ƻӶХʧɫȻ޾ͻȻ併ǰĽ·նһȭȭ۳ɿֲıУռ䣬Ȼ˿ֻ̣ӹַѹȶɱȭâħ⣬˺ա
˱һ·ж̺޾Ȼַεǿ֮͸һ޷֮ţֱӺȥ¡һ죬޷ֿԴըѣпŰɱ
ַĮ̤ȥȺ̾˵ַʵ̤ǰʮϯλˣȴﲻַ㲻˱
￴һĻ΢΢һĨѵõǳЦüĿ䣬Ÿľ֮
ַ֮󼸳ս½ǿϯλȷ


2186 һ
ڳǣ֮أͬ˹ս֣ǿ֮˳֣ʱ΢ݣһףõĽЩˣ̤ڳǣһֵĲΡ
Ȼ̤˰ǿϯλ̤Ƭռʸ񡣡ѩĿⶢַ㣬ΪˬͰַУַ㼴ܹڵ硣
ηķӦȴȻ෴¶һĨЦ⣬ַ磬̤ǿˣҿֹܲڴˣʵӦܹ֮УֻҪΪĺĵӣͱȽˡ
ƽ̨Χһʯ֮ϣȺɫ£ƺûеõ̤ڳʸϲã෴֪Ϊпģǰһϯλõ̤ڳʸȻһֻнǰʮϯλܹл̤뵽֮С
֮УԤߵĿˣɫ¶һĨ΢Цֻ˻֣ʱһ㳯ȺƮȥͬһ֧ȨȣͬһԿװ㣬ÿ˵ǰƯһ֧ͬȨȡ
Ȩȿ뵽ǵ֮УԺͨɵƾ̣⣬ҲҪõȨȡԤ߻˵ǿϯλѳῪʼ춨ǿϯλ֮ǻһƬǳСԹռ䣬Σеκһʱ棬ҴȨȣϣǿϯλ֮˶Ҫ䣬ϾߵһǼΪѵãԵΣ֮ʱǱȨȳҲζţ˭ʹȨȳ󿿣һֱȵʮˡ
ȺԤߵĻͫ΢΢£ʮˣΣȻ̭ʮˣֻʮ˵Ҫ̭ʮˣòпᣬʣµʮˣǾԵ۷֪˭
ʯϵﶼû뵽һأֱ̭ʮˣһǾ˶ҪˢȻֻҪܹ֧ŵʮ˳֮ǣӵнʸ񣬲Ԥ˵ǰ㣬ǿ֪ж˳ˣֻȥƴһ·ߣϣܹӳ̭ʱ䡣
еĹâٶȳƽ̨֮ӿȥһΣǳһɭɭĺڰűңȺ֣ǾȻ޷ˣѵһֵḽ̌ǽ޷Ŀã
ڰű֮УһȺڰ֮ţԶڣԤ漴˵ȥɣϣǶܹһֱ棬ȻȻƶעд󲿷ҪֵģͿǵʵԼˡ
ȺԤߵĻ׷̤뵽űУַҲһһ̤棬һŹرգʱ˷·ΪϹӰ㣬淢һУܿģֻ̭֮ʱˡ
ϧˣ⾫ʵһֶԾȻûлῴȺ̾ϢܰգƣڰĹűУʲô
ַűǰһڰŵŵ࣬һÿһ񣬽ԶֳһޱȵħĿģַо΢Щ䣬üĵȨֻ֣֮ҪһͿȨ뿪ű˳Ǳɱһұɱһʱ䶼ûУǼܡ
˫յĽ֯ţһɿֲַֻһʱͬ쫷㳯Źŵȥ˻һӰȻŵһ˲䣬еĵȫޱȵħȫҵնǿֲϢľ·Ҫն
СַĿ£Ǵ򣬸ûκιħնһУ޷ٶַͨĽŲȻ˺󣬻صԭأʱеĵҲͣеĶ
ҾͣﲻأַаһȻһ̣뷨ˣΪһˣȫߣͬʱ̤˲еħɭޱȡ
ֻǿôַаĿⶢǰһɿֲħϢŰŲ̤˳ȥ
͡һޱȵĵâնеħ·𽫿ռ䶼ն
ǿĵ⡣ַаֲȭâһУ˳ȥʱǰͬʱһնڵ֮ϣȻȴȻɴǡ
ַĿ£֪ǲˣңеĥȣַͷһŲ΢΢ˣǵٶȳȥ
Ҫһܳȥַаɣͫڣʱһĵȫӡ·ÿһϸ΢Ķ޷۾
ַһγ˳ȥ֣շ·𶼱˺Ѱ㣬ַ΢΢һŤԴźȥ˻һߣ˲ϢԽ⣬漴ֵȭͷƿգ¡һɿֲȭƿһУͬʱն˷·Ҫް㣬̼䣬߹֮һĵ·
ȻʱеĵâȫˣַԺӨеâĹ켣ûƬ̵ֻͣǰŤޱͬʱŰĽɨһУһâȻҲ൶ַовְԵĵ·ܹննϣȻҲնˣ¶ЩԳܡ
ַ߹֮Ĺŵ֮ʱһâ޴㣬ַն˹ȥ
ƣַ㱬һ罣һ·⣬ʹõһЩֱַӳֱӽĵâײ飬ȫڵħ⡣
ҿ̧ȭͷַ˫ȭ䣬շһУ˵ͬ߰Ťڣһâ飬ַԹһʮ·ڣκһŵΪȻսĻȴһԵò㣬ַ㿴ǰĲ·ڣһλǳŮ˳
Ů׿Խַ㾹Ҫǰɵ΢΢£ַͷϵֿӾʮǵãַԭһϯλ˶֣λоʮͷϵ֣ʮһ
ʮһַĿ΢£ǰʮˣǷǷŮӵǰʮϯλΨһһŮˡ
ˣֻâҫڰĹű֮УһƬǳգŮӷ·𱳸ǿգַ·ڵҹ֮УϾǳ
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ѩ֣ǳ֮ƻӶʱһſž޴ޱߵǳ·Զշַȥ̺Ϲ
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2187 ֳ
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֮˵ʣأ̤֮Ѫͷţͬһ츳ͨ㣬ǰһѩŵйأֿ̧ǳСĿռ䣬ַȴ·ǳ硣
ʱһ俴ַûʹǿͨٻǳҲͬΪ죬Ŀַһַۣ֪ܿ£Ҫǿܶࡣ
ǳ磬Ҹ߸ĵҡַƽ˵ѩ£֮ϴǹ⣬ҫ۶ĿֻٶһУʱǿǳʯҹգЯֲ֮ĳַҹȥ
ҹ·֮ꡣ
ַһһȻҪսԵ㣬ֻϳֲħڰ׽֮⣬򷨽֯·ȫħ׵編ͬһڰ㣬ǲϺҶǳʯ׵»ըѵɢ
ѩµüͷ΢΢£ɷǿ˲ֲ۶ɷҲԽֱܹܶ࣬Էǳʯ
ȻѩҲֻ΢΢Ծ£ܿɫָ糣һʱҹ֮޾ǳ֮⣬ַ档
ѩһ̼䣬޾ǳ֮⻯շַ㣬Ҫ˶˺ɷ顣
ͨʵЩˣ׼Ҫ˺飬ûа취ֿǱɱַ֮ͨΪ𺳣ǧ治У½֮嫣̫ˣֻ˿ϵħٹ貣׵統кǳ֮ײʱŰ֮䣬ַԡǹɴݻһе֮УɳǰɫĮɱӶ
ַܹ̹ȻǰУѩɫȣϵĻԽԽ貣һƮȻͬŮַ㷢˹֮һǰƣκ赲ǰһжҪ
ַϽһʥ֮ȫٻ뵽ħ֮Уǰƿɱһħٽҹ·Ҫ˺ǳ綼¶һ⣬Ȼ˿ѩµѾַǰϸӯӯһգʱ⻪ٶȱ
ߣַһħֲ֮ɱ֮ϯȻַȴָоԷ俴ƽȻȴǿ£ĵйأһĵҲԼǳء
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ڿգַ㿴ѩ£ֻԷĺڰ֮ϣȴһſǳҫϣǳ֮ԵĹַܹײ
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ַԷ뿪Ҳû׷ͶԷ뷨һսʱ򣬻ûеһֻ֣Ҫȵ˱һֱ߳С
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ңԿĻȺ֣ᷢԹУˣһǺǵأ磬һˣһʮλˣǰʮˣһҲˣͬǰеˣڵһַ󣬶ѩǰ棬ˡ
ȻлˣЩ֮£ˡ
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ֿһκ֮ǾʮλǲɵùճһĨЦ⣬Ϊƺ˰ǿм֮һȻչֹĹûֵȻΪַǿ
ǣִϲõЦݣ͵ĳַ˹ȥʱѾڼ㣬Щʹħ¾סʮңĵһսӦûжʮ˳ֵ֣ܱﵽʮϣʮôֻҪ̭ԷҲʼڶս̭ܹﵽʮֻҪʮˣѾõ볡ȯΪ֮ǵĿˣһ˷ܵ顣
ǣʵϣ̭ûзеô࣬ܶ˵սԸ߸·ճңֻᷢƺôá
ʯ֮ϣֵ帡֣ͷ͸źˮɫ԰ѿͷ£ĿɨΧʯһۣܿ죬Ķʱȵףֵˣʮ˶ûУֹǿͷϵַʮζʮλ
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Ƿ֣ǱҵţʵǷǳлǰʮϯλģ񣬱̭ˣ֪̭˭˿֮а޷Σֻܶʯһֵ߳ˡ
ʱһ˵Ӱ֣Ǻ֣Ҳˡ
ʱɫΪÿȻһָ̣糣̾ϢһҵʵЩǿ߻кܴĲ࣬ȥ֮󣬱ҪипĿޡ
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2188 ֵĵһ
ֳ֮󲻾ãäҲˣ۾𣬵ڣҲڣɵÿڵҲˡ
ʵַ㣬ڳǽɱʱҪ֡ƽ˵δΪֶ̭ƣʵбǲУѣԺŬУεľʲôɲԼǿ
ղŶԸҵǳä˵˾䣬ʹúһ㶣漴ЦЦäҲôãܰȻĳ˴ξҲԲˡ
ϣа;Īϧܹټһʱֿ̡ǺڰǱ˵ܹ̤ǰʮϯλɸַ㣬Ҳ֪ܹߵһ
ʯ֮ϵԽԽ࣬ڵʮһλ֮ʱĪϧҲˣʹúְ̾һϧֻһλܹߵһѾǷǳˣһа̤ʮǿ
аó֮ԱǿһЩֵܼڻûҲܹ⡣
ʮˣֻʣʮǿȺа⻪˸һ˳֣ʹúֵͫ΢΢ˣ֮аλʮϯλò̤˱Եϡ
˿аɫ¶ŹֵɫĿ˸ǰĹűǼһʲôˣùŹ֡
аһֵˣ֣Ҳ޷ȵʹȨȴͳ
˿аеĹŹ֮˳һŵ֮ϣ˿һ۶Էͷ֣ʮˣڣѾǷǳˣȶԷ߲٣ңԷҲͨˣͨͨ
Ȼһͨˣڻṷ̂ò˵ãǱ
ſڣҪ˵öԷԼ뿪Ļʱ򣬶Էȴ֣ûж֣Դ¶һĨЦݣǾͲˣԼ߰ɡ

˵Ļû˵ڣԷһ˵ĻЩƣһȻ̨ʡ
ңͨļһԴ޺òûһǿʣһˣʵڲôһ֣壬ԵЩ֣
û֮Ϊ̫ͨΪǿ࣬е֣Цƺ͸ɾȴƺż֮⡣
ҽЩܼʮϣԸȡ֮Ը˵ҵ֣һˣЦţʹ˵ıøȤÿݣΪԼͦĬģǰļһƺĬ
Էһ仰û˵֣ĺһЩ⣬ԷôһصȻڲע⵽
ҿԸԼȥĻֻȥˣҪСˡЦţ¶ǽ׵ݣ嶯ˣ΢ЩֵٶȲô죬Ȼɫ㱼䣬ԷѾǰ
ɫһͣϳ۹һɿµϢ
һ³·һΪ֮ӿޱȷƬؼȫļ֮⣬һУͬʱһĹȫɱ˶Էÿһⶼͬһ㣬ХŴɱڶԷϡ
һŭԳ棬ɱ֮죬ȻĶȴûͣ۵촫һϣȻܹɱһеȴûܹ壬ֱˡ
һĻ˵ɫӵľԳ֮Ϊ𾪣漴һĨЦݣЩɾЩЦݣֱӳԴȥһ彥ΪޣȻȨȣʱõϣ͸֮⡣
˵ʯ֮ϣϱãȸղаӵţԺвϻصŶԷĻҽ֮Ը˵ҵ֣һˣ
˶ˣҲ߳֡ǵ˿ȴЩԾˣʥɽˣҲûܹʮǿϯλֹʮǿ֪˳˭
ǰʮҪˡ
űԹУַ˺üˣ̭ˣҲһǳĶ֣ţһ
ַʱ˶Ĭ֮Уźս⣬ŵϢɻôƽźۣƺͨȻйһַ㵱Ȼ֪ԷΣգϢܹ֮Ϣɱ
ַϣ޼ɵͷţȻͬʱҲ־ѣԷ̫ΣգܸԷκεĿɳ֮ңҲûκҪͶԷܿײ˼Ȼˣһ˳ֵġ
̤ŽŲЯ޾⣬ַ㳯Ȼһַֻ̣оԼǿƳ룬ʹһƬռ䣬һƬûоͷããŵֻǰߣڰԨңһٻǰ
һнΪãַа־ͣɶҡ̼䣬ع飬վԭأ۾һҪ֮УϢ硣
ַϣһɿµ֮ϯգµ̫ͼܱӳȥȻԷҪϢöԷ
һɻĹŵϢ֮Χգ·ֻʣ
ͣ¡䣬·ƬնҪ밲Ϣ״̬ĵ⣬ɱˣԱǹɿµİϢ֮Ƭռ䣬·ҪϢ磬ûκϢգʱ⣬·Ҫͣ١
ʥ֮Լ֮ҵҪϢ
ַȻ䣬˵磬·ҪһƬͼףͼףռ֮УΨ
ѹַ㻯֮ͼؼһƬ֮ѹգϵı룬ɫ԰ףϢ֮ͷŵ˼£˯ϢҪšĳ˯֮С
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֮УŲࡢϢ֮У͸㡣
ŵϢŸɾϢ֮·ȫ͸ɫ˺ɫĿ⽩Ӳаһôܡ
ǹɳŵĿռ䣬·һţĺŵĵѾͷŵ˼£Ȼ޷赲ʴ壬·۾ҪԶıϡ
аһȻҪ޳֡ɫѿ۾ϣǺݺݵҧţҧѪΪΣˣóƵֶΣǿӲ̬ܡ
ŵӰʯ֮ʱǵĶڣһﱻ̭ˣţһ˭֣δܽǰʮϯλ


2189 ˵󻰵
ɶĹűȻ淢ʲô顣ǵȺǹűһȴŽգսû֪Ǳ˭ֻ̭Լ֪
ĪǣһеĳλǿȺ²ţҲµ߳
ʮˣʣ󼸸͵ʮǰʮǿ㽫֡аʮǿھҪǰˣ֪ЩˣܹΪʮǿеһλһеһһˣ֮˵ʵӹɡ
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ʱַֻԷԴƺЩ˼ڵҽܼʮϣԸȡ֮Ը˵ҵ֣˵ȥɣ뿪˽Բˡ
ַ㿴ǺЦݣɫЩŹôоԼƺһ⣬ңܻǸʵǳ⡣
Ҳȥô죿ַ㿴ŶԷΪȤĵ
ˣԷ˵ţ漴ֵַ̤·õ涼𶯡
ַ㿴ŶԷôֱɫԽĹŹֱַ֣ն˳ȥȻ⽣նϣȴһ죬ַɫΪĿţúƤƺЩˣĪǶԷǿ󣬾ܹȼ磿
ھַ̨˺ܶصĳʥˣ޵еת󽳵ȵȣ˭ַ㻹ûз˭ܹȼ磬ǿҲֻǲǰĶֱһѩ£ҶԷǽǳ֮⣬ǰŷǳֵ֮ˣȴǿᵽľĵز
Ҳַĺս֮ģֻǿȻɱͬʱȭͷ̧ͬ𣬺ݺݵĳַ˹ȥֻһЦƺ¶ʤЦݣûܹƴģͬ磬ûҿʮôϹżš
ֲͬײһַֻоȭͷںѪ֮ϣһӲޱȵǣûκΰ취ƿǡ
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ֲ쫷Űַ˼ȻμӾڵһ˵𺳣½ţȻʲôУ񣬾Ȼһ
Ҳ˿̵Щţ˿ԼȭͷȻԴ԰
漴̧ͷַ㣺Ҽͷ˵޵Уκ˺ƴذܣʲôȻܹҵȭͷ¼֣ǲҲϹŵѪꣿ
ַ¶֮ɫڱƴ֮ʱѷһԷȴƺܲ⡭Ѫĳ嶯
ԡЩţ̤ٶɿ죬ǾһɲǣѾַǰ˴㣬͸Ѫɫ⻪ĽɫȭͷٶȺ˳·ԶŵϢ
ԶŵѪַŲ΢漴ͬӿµײŰŵ֮Уߵĺڰǽڻص̶ַ֮ٶڵ滬Ħ˻֮⣬ҲһҡҡͷƣٶȻ
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2190 ǿ
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תԶȥڲԶһɽ֮ϣôվǣߵսһϯλ֮ˣҪһ֣˭
˿һĻͷݣ»磬һֶҪսɣǰĺôһֵᣬɸĻɱ
ڤҲתȥߵһƬݵ֮ϣϥͬһŷ㣬ɽ
ʥɽޣԶǰʮϯλֱսʥɽаһ
ҽҪҵĻ;ҵǡһЦ漴ҲͿڤһתԶ漴ֱ˵ϣ˫ֱԴų콻棬գһĻúܶǿ߶һһ㶵ģһԼǻءʮˣһĻ绹ҪһЩ
ǰʮˣԵúܵ·ڳ֣ʧǵݣţ˭ǰ
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2191 ֮
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2192 Ӱ֮
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ҶҲˡڴ˿̣һսսһҶ֣ĦУ˾̾ǣȻеĵطĦޣ˾һеһλһʣ˻ˣ˿̣Ѿʣ˶ʮˣҺܿ죬»Ҫֵ֣ˣӦûǲ̣Լַ㣡


2193 
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ʱƺҲôˣЩ˰ɣüȥָָ˷糾糾Լȥɡ
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СģʥϲĻûܹ͸ϱȻƿſµͨʥһƮ뾲ĶУַʹþַ㿴һۣѡ
ַĿһŮˣСΪԼĹϵ䡣
ĿûٿǱߣַŲĳĳ˼Ƭ̧֮ͷһɽ֮ϵӰʹ˵ͫ΢΢£ַʲô
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ƽִַ³ʹǵȺַ㣬սһԡ
ȻַǰսԻ͵սȻԲˣһҷ죬һ֪һս֮УЭԼʥˣԸַЩѣЩɱ˿ַ㣬սԣҪǰʮϯλô԰ܣ֣ԵʮǿϯλȻô
ַ֪Լ벻ʮǿѡԼһսʤͦһܱˡ
ʵȻһңΪԼлôƽ˵δΪַĹֶݣַ㣬Ҳֻڳһʱ֮ѡ
ϧսܹ룬򣬿㲻վǰˡƽ˵Ļַɫһͣ漴Цǿǰþߣ
Ԥ߲þܣȺͷһһĪ淢ˣǰһԣλеߣ䲢ռʵ֮ǿӹɣ


2194 
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ߡɫƽ˵ַ̧ͷĿ⿴ԤߣֻԤ߿ڵҴӦǵսȨȳ֮ˣһɱ
ַ΢΢ף漴ԣԵսʽмƣңĹƺܹɱǿ֮ʱ·ܹĿ¹ּǿߣֻǽµġ
ַսԣȴӶԷ
þʵĶԾһһѩ£ԣ̫½λǿӺͷ糾Ծʥ˶սŮﾲַ㣬һսȻԽսԽʡ¡
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ַܣն۵ķ򣬷·ҲҪɢȥ
ֵܵ⣬ַЦϣһƵ֮⾳٣̼䣬򷨷·һ壬ϣϵȫΪͬһһɺ·ַżΣյϢ
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ȣ֮ͬһУҪ˯
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ַ㣬ڸʲôжֶͨΣǵͷȻһħټϾ֮ҪԱħԽԽǿԽΣգ˿̣ƺѾܲסˣսǴģַȦ֮Уһֱ׷ַս̫ˡ


2195 ս
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һȹֲȭâᴩգҵĳǰȥ¡
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ˣûгֵ˼ȵսֳʤͽʣʮˣʱپˣ̭˭ȽϺá
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ʶַ֮ǵ͹һˣˣ


2196 ʮһ
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⣬Ħޡַ㡢ڤѾ֤Լ̭ǣҪóֵ׼
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2197 ʮǿ
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ⵤһʣҲӵصĻʡаţԻӵߣһЩǿӵδ֪ǿʣⲢ֮£
ֱӣһȭʱһ죬ɫ֮⻯޾ǰƶȥÿһɫⶼӵ
ˣ˼սԲߣʵһһ̫֪ܷ֮ӶЧңʣӲս
ôսˡĮ³һʹɫһʱغХ·޾⻪ӿֻ֮ϣ֮⣬̫飬ɱһǹɵ⣬ǿ
Ҫսսֻӻӿֿ֮ޣܵǹ⣬ǿ˼¡
ЦɫУ̼䣬򷨷·ȼգȫ֮Уɫ֮𣬿ʼһϵĻ棬Ҳ档
ںϵľɫ֮ԽԽ£Ȼڴ˿̣Ⱥֻ͵ĽԼϣӡ뵽ڣһ̣˳׵ķˣ˻档
һ÷ʲôֶΡȺͫˣ֮Լ棬ֻһ廯⣬ӶȥһĻɫ԰ף֮֮վԷ棬춼ǵ۾ǿܹɵ澰
ɱӱһ棬Ҳһˣ֮
Ĵ֮УȻɣ޿赲ʹɫԽĲ԰ȻˣȻ˿֣̾ǵ⣬ȺͷϿն˻ȫȼգһƬ澰
ܡŭһ¶ĵɫó̫֮ףκǿ߶Ҫľʣ·ۿۣԷ޼ɵ׷ɱ
ڣӵӰʧƬգʯ֮ϣɫ԰ףˣӣ˳˴ӾǰʮϯλУ
ʤˣ˳ȥȺͫЩˣȻʱǿǰʮ¯ֻʮѣǵΣռС
ʱƬռ䣬ϵĻ潥ɢȥ³֣Ȼֻ˿̾ɫ԰ףڶ׷ɱԷͬʱҲһֱڳ֮ʴȻҲܡ
ϵϢָƽеĻ棬֮ϣȼա
Ⱥʣµʮˣǣ˾̨
硢ת󽳡塢鹫ӡڤʡĦޡַ㣡
⻪ʧƬջޣʮˣǷ֣Լվǿյƽ̨֮У˵עӡĿڳǿռ䣬ԽԽǿߣһЩֲҲˣǵˣĿû뿪ս̨ڣʱˣǿʮˣ֡
ϲ̤ʮǿǣΪĺĵӣսôãúϢɡԤ΢Ц˵ʱʮ˽ԶҵһλãƽǣϷԼ塢½״̬۷塣
ַҵһλ£Ŀ⻷ӸλľˣʣµľˣΪ£ڶ͸ʱĵƣҲֲܿлԼһֱǺת󽳣ӹɣڤʵҲŹ֮ûߣľս
ϿգڳǵǿߣĿ⳯С˫ȭţĿ⿴Ǳߣ֮УһĨС
ηĿҲ¶һĨϲɫַ̤ʮǿϯλˣܹΪĺ
ַ֪õڼϯληаţм˷֮⣬յսܾʣڵĿռǿߣҲˣЩֲʥеţЩսˣѾǾ½ľˡ
Ԥߵ΢ʧʹò£ȺҲδ⣬ռԾʼԤȻڣˣڵȴ


2198 
һ翵ĺ֮λǿ֮£ǳ䣬ڿյҹգһſǳ·ֿɼ
ۣ֮Ǽ̳֮ϣһԡ޾ǹ֮У·վǳ¶ˣֿժǳ
ڰ߽£֮̾ɢҫ۵İ׹⣬֮ϵÿһǳƶй֮ϣļ̳ڣȴû˸Ҵǰߡ
֪ʱԤߵĽŲȻȺվһУˣһɫۣеǿʩչ֮Ҳ֮ռܹأϵͨ
ʮǿ𣡡ʱվ֮ϵǿ૵һԤǰȥ֮ţʱһӰֱӴվǿߵǰ׹֮УʮӰȻ
½ƽ٣½Ϳ̿ȥֻأƺнѽ裬ֻн֮£૵֮Уһ̣ܹп֮ܣǧǰ̶һΣһǧԺִƾ֮ʱһζˣڤڤһЩԤ֪޷ˣҪ̣
μӾ̤ʮǿʮλ̵ܿתйء
ߵĽ£̼ٵתʱµĹǰʮ˵Ӱ֮ϣͬʱһڤڤе֮أƬǿնҫ֮𺳣漴ǵĿ⿴ǰֻʮ˵ϣһ棬зŭ桢ܰ桢ְصĻ桢챯Ļ桭һ棬ȺĿ˸âҫû뵽˴βμӾʮǿϯλм˷Ƿѹǰǿˡ
ɽԤ߶һɽϿգħ֮棬һŮӣضһĻԤжû뵽ȷû뵽
ǳԭˡ
˵תʮ֮УΨһˣתĻʼͣûб仯һˣվǣһĻԤߵжһâ
̷͡·ʲô㣬ͻأХգ޾ǳ֮ƶڱѣ̼䣬һĻĻӰըѵվ֮ϵ壬ҲݺݵĲ£һǾһѪ
ɫ㶼£ŲǰȻȴǰ֮˱֣ͷȥٴֹͣת
ֻ߻תĿԤߵϣڶǰ֪ˣ񣬴֮޷Īǣԡ
ӦòдԤ΢΢ͷڵ
߳£ԡ
ֿ̫֮һ٣ҪءԤɫһ˵
ءԤԣͬʱס
ҲãһԿܹȻȴû֮ˣˣ裬ΨнɡתĿ⳯ȥѵƬ磬ƽ̫ô
ʱǧ꣬תǺԤס
ȥɣڵ㡣Ŀ⿴Ԥߣƽ˵Ԥ΢΢ͷ漴ǿռ̳Ӱʧ
ԤʧӰ߾þԣ׷ƮֻĿ䣬·ҪŽ񣺡ۣ֮ڸң㲻ôƽ
ͫ΢΢£ɫ·ô
ĵվ綥֮һԤԣٻֲ
ʱǰʮϯλ֮ˣƽ̨еȴԤûг֣Ǳһ
⣬˿̵ĵڵϣֻŽһ𣬲ϵĶţĿ⿴֮ϵһ¥ǱߣԽԽ˳ˣһЩΪǿ꣬о
ֻʱЦЦƬеӰԼϵĿ⣬ЦƺǶǷġ
ҽ֮Ƕʶģһȥǵ磬ơЦŵһ޼ɵ·ڶϿЩȺԣҪ̤Ƭ磬ΪǿߣΪϹǿѪļ̳ߡ
ȻȴһޱȵĿ£ޱߣһЩ۷徳ǿߣԿµĸоǣЩμӾǿʵǣվ硣
ǵˣ·վ磬еͶӰǣҲа̾һ֪ţȻôĿʵȷʵСһ򣬱һѩҲᱻ̭̤ǰʮȻ
ڴʱ֮УһӰȻԤ߹ԤߵӰͷ΢£ڽչռսô
ԤڰֹסӰĿɨһ¿յˣ˿ȺĿ⣬вͬˣʮˣ½ܳʮλ۷ٹһЩ꣬ǻվ۷壬һλԻʹ棬ÿǰʮϯλ֮ˣˣɾԼĴ˵
ֻԤֻӶʱһ͸ĹĻƽ̨赲սϢⲨԤ߿ʮˣƽĵһսо޴ģǰʮλݸղŵĹأȰߣһλվ̨еˣǴ˴ξһϯλ֮ˡ
ԤߵĻʹȺͷȻ͸ղһʮˣͬһطûƬõĿռ䣬ֻսƽ̨ʮˣǶ棬ֱӵײ棬˭˭Ǿǿߡ
ԤߣֻǸṩһսƽ̨ȥսԼѡ
ʮԤߵĻɫƽδ̫ĲѾߵһڴģǾսĵôڣˡ
Ȼһ̣սĵȴƬգһļžʮˣڳĬ
ǰ֮ˣÿһˣսһλλ֮˰ɣʹӵϯλ֮˿ʼ˭ʤ˭ܣսʱˣʮͬһռ䣬ܻսΪ˼ʵǰ֮ˣսλ»ǵһϯλ
ͬ⡣תƽĵʣУһˡ
鹫ӣеϯλջĻһս֣ˣ˵Ŀ⣬鹫ϡ
鹫û˵ֱվһս޷⣬ˣĽŲ˳


2199 ԭ
鹫Ŀ⿴ϯλ֮ˣڤʡĦޡַ㡣
ʥ˵ʵ鹫Щ˽⣬ǿȻȴδвڤ㱻̭ڤʵӹɣʱǡ
ʣͬΪһӣ̭֮
Ħޣ۷壬Ӱɱ֮ܿ£սûôԻ͡
սƺҲôڣȻһаţÿսɻʤζʲô鹫Ӻʵ򵥣ַ㣬սΪԻͣһеԣб̭½ȷʵ˼ǰʮϯλУˡ
ˣ鹫ӵһսѡĦޣ̨֮ϣǰʮϯλǿߣ˭壬ǣǿľ鹫ӲῼʣȻĦްɱ֮Ȼǧɱ
˿̣ʮˣڲͬķλм鹫Ŀ⿴Ħ֮ʱĦ޵Ҳվǰϣһգգ·޹磬漴Ħ޵ӰʧΨпµΣƬռݺᡣ
鹫ͷ֮⣬ңһ֮⳯ţͬ貵㣬У鹫ӵˣĦս۾ûãǰӰ֮
Ƭգѹֵ˼£Ȼȴٳûɱ֣鹫վǣޱȵƽżһɱ֮նϣȴ˿Ķҡ鹫ԣ֮ˣﲻģ֮նһоǿ֮Ȼһ֮ԣ鹫֮ͣӹɡ
ڣһɱ֮Ӻҹֱָ鹫ʺ硣
鹫վǲͻأ䣬µ֮Х貽â͵촫â˺һ㺮ƿһУֱɱ鹫Ӷȥڴ˿̣鹫ӵ΢΢£Ͽհ
Ȼڴ˿̣ǵɱ֮ӿ죬Ħ޵
ᣡĦ֮â鹫ӣδ̫Ϊɱ֣ԼֵٶȼѾȷ˼£֪һɱ鹫ӱУ鹫ӣ޷ܿ
һ͵һ촫ֱӴ鹫ӵؿλã죬쵽Ⱥ޷ӦȺһĨ㵵ɫô£鹫ӣ˲һ
Ħ޵ɱ֮鹫ڵһɲǣĦȴûаϲãûмһȷˣȻȴûлҪɱֶԣֱһɱֲǿģȻһûֱһ鹫͸ģɱߵֱûиеϲãеһǿҵΣС
鹫һɲǵʱ鹫ӵ͸忿ȥ죬쵽ɱֶ˼ȻֱҲһ̣ѾܱܣΨɱȷѡ
ֲ֮ڣǧ˿ͬǧһɱԺԼ֮С
Ħ޷ŭĵͬҲͷţ鹫ӷ裬β衣
µɱ֮⳯Ħ޵Ժɱ˹ȥĦɫ԰ףڳˣȻȴǧɱ۳ɱ籩Ҫ׵Ļ
ˣȻ䣬Ħ޵ٶȶڰ֮УȻһ̣һ֮ĦӰ֣ȾѪϳѪɫҰףڵϣ鹫ӿԳҲѪȾ죬ݵĽ棬ȴ˶еľ鹫ӣ֮ˣԼҲ顣
Ħóɱ֣Ƿ켫ȻĽ棬Ȼ鹫ӵɱȺа̫̾ˣ鹫֪ҪܰеĦ޺ѣԣðž޴ΣգĦ޻壬ǻɱŰ󣬼׼Ҳش
鹫Ӱ˸Ħǰս𣿡
Ħɫ԰ף鹫ѪݣһսҰܡ
鹫ӳĬת漴صԭأĿϢᡢ飬˸еļɵ
ʮǿһսֻ˲ϢĹȻȴ˲ĥӡ
ĦޣʮϯλȺĿ⿴ĦޣλѾһ̭ˣǵʮ
Լڶսϯλĳ֡
ĽŲ˳һ֣һûгսûս
ǳˣ˵֮󣬳ܳһǧǰӣΪ̫ǿߣɣǿΧɱȺΪˣȻڹ㺮ˣ֮󣬾ˣҳǰһֱܵ͵ֱ̤λʵľ磬ſʼչ¶âҲûкͳһȳӴ̣ɾͽᳬԽӣǿµ
˿ڵǰʮ֮˵ĵϸѾ֪ˣϢ̫죬еκһˣйʲô¼ǵ˶֪ˣ½ʥѧԺˣַսѧԺ֮ˡ
֪ѡ˭սԳʵӦ̭һˡ˿˵
ֻĳĿɨȺ漴֮¶һĨЦ鹫ӣһĻʹȺɫ£ղŻ˵ǰϯλ֮ˣսˡ
Ǵ˿̣һ鹫ӡ
鹫Ҳоˣֹͣ˵Ϣɫһ֮⡣
һս룬ûҪˣһ鹫ӣھϯλȻӽһƺţᡣƽڣʹ˶һ
鹫Ӹղһսƴ֮ΣգĦޣ̭ȻںˣҪӮһս
Ŀ£ڵˣսʤ֮䡣
Ǿ˭֣˭󣬸ղţĹ򣬲ҵĹ򡣡￴磬ƽ˵еһϯλĹҲҵ뷨ǵ֮ʱӭս
ƽȴ̺һĨԵ֮⣬ĹأҪɵʤû˻ΪսΪ˿̣ڶԻ磬ʱӭս
ǸûԭˡȺų˵ǿû˻ɣԸ
ս񣿡ٶȿ鹫ӣ
鹫ɫųȺΪŭ֮ʱȴ鹫ƽĵҳ֡
˵꣬۾֮ˣΪŭսûŭڳʮˣǷǷԼµԭĳ֣Ĵ⣬ǣܱܣõڼӰ쵽ľ
ǰʮ˳֣Ħ޵ʮϯλ鹫ӣھϯλ


2200 滪
û˻Ϊ鹫ӵʵ̤ǰʮ֮ˣûߣֻǣվҪҪ̭ģ鹫ӣҲˡ
˴̤ǰʮľһѾʷˣ̤ǰʮ鹫ӱ̭ɻˣǰϯλݺǿ硢塢ʡ
ƽ߻ԼڵλãĿʣµˣǿҲ֪ˣҪ¶ʵʱȥ¶սȻۡ
ռ֮УٶȳĬˣûԸ֣鹫ӵ˶У˭˭սûоԵİʤܵκδˣʱڵһϯλĻ磬ȱ֤֣ܶȫˡ
ȻԸսˣǴӺǰɣ֮ˣѡĶ֡翴ֵľ棬ƽĿڣĿ⿴ַ㡣
ȻַֻЦ־£˭Ҫսʤ̭ԼűС
ʣµİˣѿеĹͷƾһֵĽ֣£λһеλʵƫİɡ
ˣַûỪ磬̨û˭Ҫ˭ģղ˵ϲԵһ̬˵ֱʵ˵ս
⻪ҫֻϿգһ鸡֣⻪Ŀ֮ϣƯҫϡ
ɱһ³ʱ⴩գ˲Ϣַնɱȥͬ磬սХռ֮һۡ
Գٶȿ磬ףΪǵһˣʵ֮ǿӹɣĹٶ֮죬˻ɡ
ַ㿴ǰն֮ɫĮһ貵⽻ֲ֯Ĵط֮ܣһ촫ըѣâҲ֮ɢ
һ⻪޾ͻȻݺأַ⳯նڻͷϿյ鸡ǿ֣
彣˫ޣԳ棬ŽôȺϥûκζȴ콣Х£ʵǿ
ַɫƽִտָ̻֮У̺޾̼䣬һ֮ɱƬռ䣬ȫǿ⡣
ǿɫ΢ַ㣬ǿ󣬺ͻԿ˶ս
ײƬ̣ڣַ㶼ֹͣԼĶֻɫַĮȥߵڣϣ㻹ܼȥ
սĻ㲻˵Щϻַƽڣʹû΢
ĵһȺˡ˿̣ת󽳵˵漴ֻվŲž̤ȥڵһսδ꣬ɡ
㡣ɫȻ䱬һâ󽳽ֹȻ֪Էʵ֮£һսҲһսһ֮䣬س󣬾֪ԷĿֲܻܿսܣȻܻܣɻᾡȫս
תĿⱬһ⣬̼䣬һµž˺ѶȥƬգ̼俪ʼʾɫ֣ʼ趯һ⣬ƣӰתɱȥͶԷԿҪ򣬱޾Ϯ
Ȼʵε֮ǿ̫֮ͼףɫбͬһɫ磬ͬʱֻƬռ䣬ʼ˷籩
ĿһƬռСӲսƬգܳΪԷսȫ޷ϸıս
ֻӶʱһ貣޾ɱյУʹǵȺɫ𺳡
ǿߣһ󣬻ֳһܻǿȺĿ̣ѹһֱû˸սʵΪ£һˣͬǧǧǿͬʱսһ֧ǿ߾ţûа취
ڴ˵ǰǵʦֵһᣬɽܹµʦǿ۱
еľɫΪһ壬ǹɿֲǿʢ˼£漴ٶעԼڣǿߣǰȥһ·ǰ塣
ߣһƻӶʱǰһֲĳǹɱ֮ɣһĳʱǰɱͬʱĽ£޾ƣƿһУȴնĪ⣬޷׷Ψ޾Ĺϵĺھϡ
ȥʱذɣԼ壬Ϊս񣬵ǣûа취ӽ󽳣ֻгܲϵĹսʽΪǿĹҪȴ޷ûа취ܣǳ֮¡
Ⱥ²ǰ㣬ջǰˣԽԽ󽳵󷨣ȴ֯һֲĴ󣬾ʵİܣ˵սʽѾע
ڰϯλ֮ˣ֣һʣһս˸ӿ󽳵Ŀʵˣǰϯλߡ
󽳻ܾ֮󲢲֣Ŀ⿴һ壬ǲ֣Ƕ֣ҪսǺս
󽳵Ļüͷ΢£󽳵ʵղſսΣգܹսʤҲǲʤңսܵĿԣ壬ðգȽһЩʵһЩ̭ȽϺá
żǻġ󽳿ڵʹ¶һĨЦ˻ԼλãҪȱսôס
ĿɨˣһѹһսѣףԽ󣬻Խѣ㿴һˣоûоԵʤ㣬ʺֵ߳ģӦˡ
뵽⣬Ŀ⣬ַ㡣
񣬵ʮھšڰϯλѾ̭ҲǵϯλߵڣѾѵˡ忴ַ㣬ƽ˵ˣһһַ㣬ڻδ͸ַ㣬Ȼԣӵǿʢ;ħƾܹѹַ㡣
ַ̧ͷ壬һ壬ɱϣɹͨأֲͨʵǿ
ǵ˼սַ㣬˵ϯλַԤǰϯλˣҪֵǿļһҲߵͷˡ
ǰϯλȻ޷Ԥ׼ȷӦǻ硢ǿߡڤԼַһսΣҪ޳֡
ûǰϯλԤϣӦˡ
ΣǺܶе뷨ַҲǿܵϯλѾΪѵˣҪ֪Ѿ̫ǿߣ̭ʺ鹫ȿµ̭ˣ۷壬ַ·Ҫͷˣ


2201 ǿԾ
ʵǿɱϣɱˣˣûʲô˿ַ㡣
ַĻ¶һĨЦ⣬漴ֻ̧Ųм򣬺ԶƽܹϯλѾ컯鹫ӡʣñڣС
ƽĻԣϢײֻǹһĨ֮Цͻأ䣬˫ͫͷſֲ֮⣬һ̣һ˫ͫף˺ڰУַֻо˫޴۾ֱӳֶˣҪٵԷһ˫ͫ׵ȥΪ
ɱ۾ɱˡַ˫֮ͫУϣӿ콣⣬һȭХأȻַֻһŭ𱬺˵ĶĤ·𶼱ʧȥ
ߡַһޱ飬³ԣز湲κ޷ҡɱһƳץȥַԥһն쵽¡
Ȼһ̣ڰַ֣֮ͫʧȥӾһɿֲΣнϣʹַаɱʤܿ¡
޾طƣַ㲻ɽǣɫ£ܹ֮ҡ
䣡ƻַϣѣַҡȻȴоԼӲĸ֮ϣַ壬᲻ɴݡ
ɱ۵Я֮ɫ£ַķÿ£һŭ𴫳·ͨأ޾֮˳գ¡һµĹ֮˺أԶˣΨпŰɨ
ɱǿĶ䣬ַܹܹ㶢壬а⡣
ǿעǵϯλƽ˵ֻһ·֮ͨ
ǿôַЦȻôΪҵĹ
ַ˵ţֻܣһɿµĻĹ֮ŰԶŵϢƬأ·˻ߣƬصڳӿȥΪԵġ
ҵϹʥһ׹֮һˣذɡַƽ˵ֹͨĹţԲֱۣһɿֲѹĹʥѹ죬ǿضܹѹˣϹʥ
ַ㣬׹ʥԼľһ״ĹֶΣʥȭ
ˣַһ̤ǹѹ֮ȥַϣطڷ
ɱԹЮȭâƿɱһȭ֮ɨأѹŽһŭХͨأͬʱƶһУıըŰǹȻֻǿʼʥȭѹ죬һȭâɨƬգֻǰ޾ȭâɨء
öµѹ֮ȭÿһȭâ̺ϹǿȺͷ𺳣ʥĹټַ㱾⹥֮ǿ֪
屬һĶĤӵ£ȭâըѣ磬СΧĶܹ
ɱɱɱַŭȭâԽԽܼϢԽԽ£ƬأҪѹûа취ֿܿ죬ȺǧȭâͬʱշѹһƬռ֮ʱȭâ˸оͷƤ飬Ҫ֪κһȭâ׶һ۷壬γܵˣϿ£˫޷֧ˣϵһ˹ǻԵģַ㣬ǿ
ڣһЯ貴֮ȭâϣһȭͽĺûڲ³ѪɫҰףǰ޾ȭâоһսεȵıһսҰܡ
˵գӰͬܣһΣַû׷ʥȭֹͣ˶¡¡Ŀ첻ϣȺеַ㣬Ĳѣǿַʥǿƻ壬̤ǰϯλֹߡ
ƴˣַһǰÿһսµļޣģȥʣһսܹ̤ǰϯλˣǰ壬֮ѡַ֮󣬾ֻʣˡ
硢󽳡ڤַ㣡
ˣȺһ۶о𺳣ݣһᱻ
κһˣʾľ¼ͨǰȺ̬￴ģ׾Ҫܣ˵ĹԿͨ۷弶ˣͬĴ۾ͺˣ˵μӾĴ۾֮ˣҲѡǰʮ
ڸսˣʣˣ˭˭սûо԰գǶεǿڡ
ɱԲлǿҲܱȿڤ֮ʱϷʥǿ󽳵ʥȫķǼΪµģֻȺַ㣬壬һֱΪûĸǿ̭ǿǿ棬Ҫչ
ڣֻʣˣԾѡǿˡַĿɨȺڵ磬ֱӿǿսɣٺķʱ䡣
üһȻҪֱӿǿԾѡǿϯλȺַĻͷ΢£̫ˡ
㾹Ȼߵһû뵽ҵ͹㣬˶͹㡣ʱƽ˵ͬ⣬ǿ֮սҺַͬһսҲµһ֮ս⣬ˣҲ˫˫Ծɡ
ַ룬ǿ˶Ծսַ㡣
ҺͿڤͬΪʥɽޣԣҶˣܶԾƽǶˣ˭һս
һеһ㣬Խһҵ֣֪һսս㣬Ҫþ֪ҽ
ƽ˵ʹȺٶȲ˲̫ˣַֹƺϲţֱҪһʱһĻ硣
ԡ翴ܻң½֪֣
ٺ٣ԣذܡЩ˷ܣվԾԾԣս֮֮䡣
˶Ծ¯ôʣµˣ󽳣սڤͬÿһսǣ˵ģ⽫ǾǿǿԾǿ˵ĶԾ


2202 ս
ˣȫս̨һѹϢƬռ䣬һ޵ĿŰ
ս˭ʤ˿̣ڳǣϿ¿գԼƽ̨ʯ֮ˣԶƬգǿ˶Ծͬʱչ
˵ǸղţһΪǳʤȻַ㣬ȴԽԽ͸ǿǿ޷֪ǿʵжǿǳڶû¶ʵ˭ֶ֪
˵ǿߣ̫£Ȼڤ֮£ղ˶ĿãԾΨһܹԤģǻ磬սʤ̤ǿϯλԾ˵˭ʤ˭ܡ
ȷԤ⣬ǣ̫ǿ޷ƾʵȺ׷۵
˿̣ﶢַ㣬ϳƮһ֮⣬ַ㿪ڵ·ͷˡ
ʵ˵ɡַƽڣܵϵ֮⣬ϣһɺħϯأǿʢ˼£ַ󣬱ħӰ֮⣬ԡ
սڣֻʣˣ£ǿ⾳⾳ƽ˵һɿµ֮ʼһַֻ̣оһ֮⾳ϣֲֿ־ֱѹȶ
û˲֪ǿߣռԲֵַֹɫĮһУվ֣ħأƬգħһƵӣͬʱֲط·һ壬ħ۵ϣΪ֮зȫħ
ħ֮򣬺ǿħԶԾ֮ʱ䣬Ծ֮ʱǴأħ·óܹ֮໥תĵ𣬺ÿ£ңħħͬʱţǷǿħΪħ֮
ڤҲʼˣǿķǿڤַսȻҲΪȤȻڤսֲһڤɲ;һԷѹƣ֮أ죬֪жǿ
΢΢Ծ֪ùĳս̫ǿ
ħ̧ͷվģ޾־Ų̤¡һ֮һ̣ޱȿֲľ־ľ־ûܶҡûκܹҡûԼ۾һ֧ţľ־ȫ汬֮ʱضڲģ޷ҡ
ַħĹ֮УԺţַϣħ죬ħٹ⣬ҫǧâʱַ㣬ܵ˳ﾫ־Ŀ£ǹɿҵ־ҪԺ־ң־־ȹ̣ػؽһ壬ԳܶԷĿ¾־
ַ㣬ܣǿ̬Цһַֻо־ݣ˺ѵ־ɱ¾־ħ־ǿ־־ȫޱȵǿʢ¡
̣һأַֻǿǳǿ̬Ĳܶҡ
ǿȺͶӰǿ̬ܿ£֪жôǿᡣ
ַɫĮħ壬֮УĹ֮˷ҡϣֱ񷣬Ⱥ𺳵Ŀע֮£˾֮УΪһ壬һ̣ؼ޾ħ⣬ȫ۾ģͬʱĶˣ¿ѹȥһƾ֮Ȫֱ͸֮УԺ־
̧ͷĿһ֮ɫַ㣬ʥڣϳܾ֮
ҵҪʥжǿأˣ쳤ХأûضҪһʥַڵľģҲҪһƾȪˮڶųӿȥ̾ġ
ÿ£ʥ쾭Ҳ̺ʥȺ𺳣أģҪ̵ɾĳ֮С
֮ϣĹ½٣ֻգͻأ䣬һ޴ľ۶ɣ֮Ȼ仯һħ⣬¿ճȥЯϽ
ٲħַ㣬ħ׼ҵٲħ
񶯵ħ׼֮ˣɫӲôܣַ㣬ôħ׼ҵĹ
˿̣ȺĵĲǹ˵ײѹصľħжǿٿ£ҲûǾħ
̧ͷ￴ħ٣ŭХһֱ̧ǺصĿ̼䣬־ƾħħ֮ǰƳһӰֿԷѹء
ÿֲһײ֮ǿ˵زʱַͳսƬռ䣬񷻯ڰħ⣬̫ǿʢ¡¡Ĺ촫ȺȻķ֣֮ϣһħڻ۶·нٹҫ
ǡٲħͻƵסȺɫһַ㣬ӹɣȷħ׼ҵĹңͻƣҪƿʵ̤۾
һƿֲ׽ٻʣ˹ĻֱӺ˾޽֮ϣҫâҫ죬Ȼ˲䱻ѹľ޽ûַ㣬ַ㼴ǽ
ô£ħ׼ҵǿߣɫѿǵĹȻй¶ַ㣬ڶħ١
䣡һֲ֮ٲϺھ޽֮ϣѹľ޽ˣŽ֮ûе
ⲻʾռħ٣ַ㣬Ϊûе۷塣Ⱥͷ΢ֻһ־ıնǹѹһе޽ˣĽŲڵ滮һİֱۣ˵ս̨Ե֮ء
ַ³֣գڵųղһ̣ﱬľ־ܹնǹѹ쾭ûǿľ־ʱ򣬲֪ж£κһ˶ǿ
һɹħĳַϻ۶ַոͻƣħٶȱΪǿᣬ񣬸ղһսûܹܳĵһ̣оһȫµľ磬ħ⣬·ƶҪʵ۷塣
ϧûʱħ󷨣ҵٶһ̨ףܹԽΪ̨ǿĴڡַаվǣħɹ֮С
ɫأַĹѾܹ֮
ս죬գ¡¡ĻƬգһǿ󣬿ڤ󽳵ս뵽ǿײ̬ǳֲ
ͻʱֿûκζԷȺ̾ԭϲ˵󻰵ˣȻҲôܹͻ翹⣬˵ʵδЩ̫ˡ


2203 ǧ
ַɨһսǿڤʵַСУڤҲɽ¶ˮǳ͵ַӲСڤʵհ˻ʮֻпڤ޷͸
ɻô͵ǵʵ֮ʱȴЩˡ
Ķ֣ܼǿսͻַаղźͳһսԻĹʥѹ漴ħħȫѹեӶħٽ
ҽڴ˿̣һȺ˼˹ȥַ㣬Ŀת
һ˲ַ֪жһܹͻ棬ôоɵģ֣³ΪƵְɡ
磬ڣ㣬ΪǿˡʱֻһЦϣһ·Զŵͷţ磬ȻоһƼΣյϢĺܣʲôˡ
ֻʱü֮һĨޱȵӡǣͬʱ󣬳һֱۣһĻʹȺͫ׽ӲǻɫҲȻЩ԰ס
ǧۣǧֱۣڶνȻһ˫ֱۣϣǧֱۣǻж£ֱսڣǵˣ֪ǳǿʢֱܹԿͨڣǧֱ֣һΣǵˣһ磬òôûͬղǰ㣬Ϊ磬ʤ
ȺƺҲܵĸȾĬ֣ʱֻ̤ŻȥüǵɫƼΪۣǧۣޱߡ
һ
ͷϿգ鸡֣ƮƮ죬ϵϢͷŵ¡
Ųһ̤һ³̼䣬һֲɱȥԳ棬һֱ۽֯һȭͬʱһУ̤ն·ûκܹ赲
֮أ֮漴ջ̼س־޴֣·ΰ۳ɱ֮⣬漴һ£ʱȫɱ˳ȥ
ɨأ֪жô¡
ˡˡ̤ǧֱЯޱǿûκεĹܹ˺
ҵҪĹǿжǿĮ³һŭһ֮ϣ·ΰһʵӹɣһ֣һһܳɾޱȿµĹһ̣յɱ֮⣬ֱӳԴ
Ȼֻ̧ͷü֮ɫۻȻſͷ貵Ľɫ֮âһֱӱУʧӰ٣˿̵Ǹһйκι޷κε
Ǹ޼ֱ۾ôˣǧֱۣжǿ󣬻ǽɫۣܹû̫̬ˡȺапԭ֮ǰһһֱûзȫռ״̬ƽһУһеһϯλĻ磬Σˡ
統ȻҲ֪Ŀǰľ棬ԳӵԶǿѪġɵӡǿľÿһֱ۷ӵĹͺˣǧֱۣ޷Ǳʲôֱۣ̲һȫͬʱ
ʱָգٶȿ̹֮£޾֮У뵽̻Ĺ֮ϣ漴̺Ͻ˲
ֱֵۣܵǿĹзû뵽֮Уʱһѿ̼䣬һκһ֣̺µѹ
ɱһ³ʱйЯ޾⣬ͬʱɱ˹ȥǧ붯֯һƬӰǰֺ˹ȥֱֺ̼۲ϵıѵֱۣϵصըȻȴȻɳǰ̤ȥƻĶȥٵڻľ롣
𣡡ڣһµ˻֮ŻɱȥɫһɱȻȴ÷飬Ҳನñˣɫ԰ס
Ҫˡ
ʲôĹޣ޷ܣ۹Ƿǿ˼£ķΪ¡
磬ˣǾһǿˡ
Ц˿̣˸ҳЦɵĻⲻصȺĶĤ֮УͬǾͨĻ·ҲԣҽȺףСֻΪһЦǣ˻磬ô½ˣԺʱһ仰ҽ
ǰʮϯλλһȻǰϯλֻʣ˻һˣѵ磬ΪǰһϯλĻһ¼δƵЩΡ
а뵽һ֣һɽȻƺҲӡ֤ˣ嫾̫࣬һǿˡ
ĻȴǳĬ˵ʲôһȻκβ˶ԷһսΣ¶޷ʤģ޷ʤ磬Ҳսһܣʵ˵Ԥơ
ʱڤ󽳣Ѿս£Է޾أ֮ϣͷ­ͬʱƬգ޾ƣںǿײ
ڤϣڿգһΪ֧ţ𣬶󽳣ȴЩ֧Ųסˡ
졢ʲôˡɫѿضԷķŹȻķûжԷǿڤ졢ɾͲ塣
һ˵ļһڤܱȻҪǿʥɽʥɽ͵ĿڤȻȻҪǿôȺе˵ıҲǳţſڤͺ¿صĺȻôǿ
󽳣ڲпڤȻҲûгսܣͻһһ֣һǻҪս٣Ҫ̤ϯλ
λĽ棬ʵ̫£Ѿܹ֤Ȼǿڤ֤ǿַͳսҲǾ춯أǣȴûзֳԵʤЩǷ˳սȺаһ
ַ㣬һսֻʱһֻŲַ̤ȥܿ˺ײȻΪܣΪһ̭֮ˣ


2204 ٰ
ʱϿ֮أ۵ӰҲѻ˳ȻȴȺǰȣʼձŰ־棬Ѿ˾ռߣֻϵ˻̶ֳȵս
ֻĳλһӰɫȻϷ·Яħ⣬ͨһϣͬħװ㣬ľԣվһλ꣬ͬͬװĺɫݡ
ħļһȻˡηĿ⳯Ǳ߿һۣɫ΢΢£ˣħǿߡ
ƺħˣҲˡηĿ˸λ֪˴ξ֣ˣƽ̨ϣƬռ䣬ʵƿصĿռ䣬ʱһֹսҲûʲôȻ˿ȴƺʹңһλԵЩѰζˡ
ʱѩȺڵķλмλ˵ˣĿһĨɫŽٵļ˵Ҫʲôˣ
ɡǼλһӣʱǵ˼ѩɫΡ
С죬ⳡսоΣûʲôдֻһλ߿죬Ϊ˵
ǶǷѩ壬һ۷ҲҲ⼸һʵġ۵ѩ΢Цŵ˵ͷǾ½Ϊܳǿߵֻ̨ʣˣУҲѩ壬ͬ磬ʤǣĸ׶ҪǱС
ŶӦһ
ȻԺСһǸӵԴ΢Ц˵츳ѩһﶼʮڣ£ǲԺ˱ػᷢѩ壬ҲһʢʱлʱһεĻԻʱ棬档
ߵһУԤߵǿʵ᲻ףƬռеһУУȻҲУȻԤƺûп㣬ֻǹעսеˣˣȻһУУΨлˡ
ַһȣĿⲻɵת˻磬ǧ֮ûˣԼϣΪһ̭ˣûмսȥսܱܿ㽫֡
ַĿУȼ˿˿ս⣬ܹЩ۷ｻ棬ܹԼ׵ѹեԼʵڸղţһξħٵϴٶȵõøǿзҲǿʢһ֣ûоħ󷨣ʵһЩãҪսһ
˫ȭһգ̼䣬ַħٹҫͬһħ㡣
ʱ֮УƱãƷŭʿԳ棬֮ǿᵽ˼£粻ʿǿĽޣؼһ貶ĿȻ䳯ַɱȥ
ɱĲȴδֹǰÿһʹ÷Ʊɫͷ飬Ѿһսܣһս䲻
ܸȴսһսҡַɫĮĹ֮ݣʥȭ죬ʱŭХϱշѹ顣
ַ壬һΪΪ
һĻյУܶǿ̣֮֮ͫͨ
Ȼ磬⻯֮˺ܹܶ࣬ȼģ޼һƵĹͨ
ûǧַۡ㣬ǧѵַ㻹еôͷ΢΢漴ǿǧͬʱŻ˹ȥңڷֻԽԽ࣬޾ֹ
ߣһƻӶ䣬ɫ䣬޾ţͬȳ㣬ذ˷ţһţַķֱܹһӵǿ
أ޾ķͬɱ㳯Żâȥֻĳλһȭâƿգ˺˽⣬ʱĿһ䣬Ȼתһλ
ûκԥĳǱ̤ͬʱտһָ֣һӼ䣬ʱ޾ںĵķɱȥ壬˻ӶǿȭâַӰ
ַָտ֣ʱ֮䣬һ޴ޱȵ֣Ŀģ·̺ɱ֮ɱأ֮ϣ۶ӿ뵽һɱֵУҪǰӰ
Ȼڴ˿̣üͷ΢壬֮һӰ˹֣ϣһɼΣյϢǴħ֮⣬֮ϣ֣ʱȺ֪һٻֻǾ֮ȪĲľħ⣬ӿ뻪ڡ
ϮȺַͫ⻯̺ģҵ˿̣绹֪Ƿ̺ķڡ
ңЩٶȺܿ죬ֻҪʱ䣬ܽٻߡ
ֻɫѿŲɳһȥɱţŭɱȻתǳΣ֮ϻǿȻɱھģɾ֮ڣ־ֿ
ƻӶʱǰٶȳһŹ֣Ȼ䳯зɱ
Ȼʱ򣬻ͻȻоԼƣҪУȪˮϴ壬־ξĳ˯
֮־ͣݺݵҧΪĿ͡
Ѿξ֮Уܾʴ෽һƮУɫѿξ֮УܣȻħΪš
Ϊ͵Σ㿴ǰĹ֮ǿᣬǷо޷ֿһħ䣬־;ħϣԽĻԼ
һ³ɱʱǰ顣
ûУǸǻþʵĹܹƽ⡣һ·𲻻ֹͣһֱ쳹Ժ֮УţѾξ֮
һµĹɱ֮³ִʿ̹֣ɱһУǵȷͬþһϵı޾ûֹ
ЩʵĻǼٵģΪױƻ˿Ĺһɵа
ټ٣ЩҲ̺Ǻ
ǲ֪ʱѾԼ˻֮棬һɱ͸ղһ֮ȻȴȻ֣һǿһУħ
ôᡣĿ⽩Ӳ˫ȭȻֿȻַεȵǿᣬĴȭͷһУֱӻֱۣ
籬һ³ֲ֮Ȼ飬ƮˣȻȭͷɺݺݵĻ֮ϣ̼䣬ڻɨŰ屻׷˳ȥ


2205 ħ֮ս
һ磬ְˡǣĿ̣һȫôһΣַɲĹ磬ֻ̤ͬӰȽǿѹɨȥǰӰĮĵԼڰɣ
Хڻϣʹоĵ׶⣬ˣְˣǰַӰһΪϣô˴ξھϯλ֮ˣ̤ǿԾ̨֮ʱսܣкĿսȥ
ϣҸúúʡˡе漴ڵһ磬ܡ
£ǵͷ΢΢£仰ӻ³ζһ֣ϯλ
ǿĶԾȻûʧַ㣬˶Ϊǻᱻ̭ȻȴȺ˻磬ˣܹߵһǵʵûκܹɡа
սʣˣңڤǿߣҲζţڤӦǰĵϯλˣǿȻܸ˿ڤܹսʤеһλôƲ⣬Щ˶̫£û£޷ж˭ʵǿǽΪֱӵײ档
һ㣬һ֮ڻģΪǺͬŵĿڤʵ˻磬γһһս֮󣬾һм˵ţҲҪλˣһ鹫ӣҲҪλַ߳Ǳ½ޡ
ĸˣȻˣҲóˡʣµˣգĿ󽳵ϣһ䣬ǺεǿߣԷ֮У𲽣ҲӦһ۷գھ̨ϣȴˣң˿ָ֡
ڤԼǷǷȻʲôһҡ󽳶̼ܻɱȥȻֻǧۣκεĹֱƿһʮᣬӵǿ֮һУƿ
ĽŲŶԷ̤ϮɱȥһսԶûиղôѤڤ󽳵սƣ춯أȴսʵ޻ľأû̫ĹԣȻȴΪֱӡԵ
κβȴҲ޷жԷΪóǽȻεǿᣬҪӲĽ
˿̣Ųͣ£󽳵սк塣
սհܵģһ㡣Į˵սȷĹͷǱ̬ģǣ޷Է˵󽳵Ļûдһֱսȥյʤ󽳣ʩչ޾ĹսȤ
㣬ٶȣȻٶҲܿ죬ֻҪǣĲ޷ӳٶȣͻᱻסȺп˵սеˣҲ㣬Ȼֻڤ˿Ҳˣ󽳣ҲһʦȻˣ͸˳ս֣αػҪˡ
ַ㡢Ŀ⣬ʹɫһ˫֣վգ̾ϢһǨ޾ҳ֡
ͬڤԵʦȻܸ˶ԷûбҪս̨֮ˣս֮ʱȻսȻһнζԣôҪˣ˵һԣˡ
һ͵ڶˣˣǿߣϯλʣµˣǿϯλа˵籾еһϯλ֣ǿߣеڶϯλ֣ͬǿĶԾ˵Ԥơ
ڣֻʣˣڤַ㣬ͿڤЩ֮ǿ󵽿£ĹǵֱӹڤǷ֮ĹۼڤҲн壬Ƕײ֪ΣУַͳսûзֳʤ
ַ㣬ҶˣҲԵʣµˣսһ֣ͳսһ֣ȻԶ̭֣ʤʤսսپյɡʱڤ˵ַֻ㣬ƽ
ڤȻҪսַ㣬Ƿޣַ㣬ħ˵ײһǳѤа
ַҲڤڤĲ壬Ǳ׿仹Ҫǿ᲻٣׿䣬Ҳμ˾Ȼȴ㱻̭ˣʮǿṳ̂㣬ڤ޷Ტۣ˵ʵܴ
áַͷգʣˣվʾ۷εκһˣҪսܹ̿ڤϷַ֮㣬Ҳڴ
˵ʤߣٺսһһЦ˵ʱʹóɫ£һǽô·ذܰ㡣
ǵҲĨȻǿȻʵѵǿôȤļһ
־ͷţѹȹȥԷ˫ôöԷ֮⣬־̵
ַǱߣڤϣʢһ壬˽˵ĸоͬսʤķӣ޵зǿߡ
ַħҫ죬֮УħƹĵգƣƬ񷣬ħһáһڰ֡
࣬ؼħⲻʴ⣬ҪռƬա񷡣
ħǿ֮һȻ֮УҲзȴ䡢նڤ峹׻ﲻ֣֮壬նʥһӣͬʱһС
һ̣Ͽգ޾ȴ쳹֮䣬ˣ·𶼸оһɷ֣飬̼䣬Ҫ̬֮ңңһ֮ĽҪޡһɱ¾֮Ҫ¡ƽ󣬷һУȱΪ
һʱ䣬УܶĿ¶ʥ̬֮ƽֹˮһ̣ǷһСһС
ǿķǿ֮ȴ䣬ʧȥս֮ģȻȴսͷ𺳣Ƿ֮ˣѾ뵽⾳֮У˿̵ĿڤУʥࡢϣǴȱŷȻǷ·ˣڤôȴս
ħԿڤһˣڤĴȴ䣬ֱӲ֮䣬·Ϊ죬ַøа⣬Ѿѹħ⡣
ͺ¿Ĵȴ䡣ĿһսĿڤͺ¿̫ˣʥɽţ


2206 ˫
ǣ˿ͶӰеսڤַսھʼ֮ǰû˻뵽վսļˣ͵ʥɽ޿ڤħ׼ŭַ㣬Լ½ĳ
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ȴ䣬ԼħײΪⳡս˼ֹ⻷ǵˣȴ䣬Ӱ죬οֱڤַ㣬˿̣ĸΪַ̣ž˵ԣҪ˷һУս֮ģǿ֮ģ¿壬־ߣ׽Ӱ죬ս֮⣬ţ֮ģ׵ĳΪ̸
ȴ;ħһܹ־ħ˶ħΪħħ־ΪħȴûоħôԵȴ˿ѷھħ˿̣֮ϣħⲻײ㣬ħ⣬ڱʴ·ûзǿʢ
ħһ䣬ʿȴ󱯡ϲǿ֮һһУһΪһΪħħҲ죬첻Ӱҵ־
ַаɫƽΪУΨж֣ڤһӻ壬壬ѾǿֵľأͨĹ˲˶Էֺ
뵽⣬ַн۶漴һնɲ֮㽵ٿڤϣڤûȥֵǧ⻤壬ԼҲǽ֮壬ն֮漴ڷ֮£ʧַԤϵǰ㣬һǿȵĹЧڤվǣʿǿټϿڤвˣڷϣһĹԼԣҲЧġ
ħַ֣ⷭʱһħ⳯ľĻ۶ȥʹþħⲻһֱȴ޷Ӱ쵽ڤҲڱڤĴȴѹӰս
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ҵжǿÿԼһ¡ַаһ䣬Ȼɫĳڽɽѹ֮£ҵ趯ţ·һֱĺɫźȥ
ȻܣҲͨ⡣ȺַֻͫŭХһ۹һħ㣬ϥ΢漴һȭһȭ̺ǿһУշһС
ˣϢѹַ·Ҫ㣬Ȼȴֻ촫漴¡һը죬ɽĽɫӡ鱬ѵһɫ⣬ַվǣϵͳڹƮţħӰ̵ӡȺԺ֮УʣµˣڤԼַ㣬ˣֻͿµͨ۾ﶼҪƵĽɽӡֱӺѵ
ȻַĹȴûÿڤ۾ֻɶһ֮ǰ죬ͬʥ㣬·ÿһι֮ء
ԽԽ죬漴Ⱥֻһͬʱ죬죬ŭؼ䣬޾ķ֮
ǣ˲ҽһֻо䶼ѵûĤȴ·ѵˣǴϣֲ֮ܽ˻ɱַֻоѪĤ𶯣·Ҫѿ㣬̫ˡ
ңƺǸոտʼɣһӺɫȭâһ˵ȭâͬʱַᴩһ赲ǰ˶Ҫշɷ顣
ַɫ΢ϣĹ֮֮ѹʥȭȭأ޾ĺЩɱķ֮ȭײ̼䣬Ŀײ·ҪƬնҪΪĩ
һ飬ַ㿴һڶһֲ̣֪ʲô֣κһǿ󵽺˵ĵزҪܿڤȣħڴȴǰûκεƣˣڷǿʢĿڤԣҲԲ̫Чŵ伮֮Уԣܹа֡
ˣΨʹãǿֶΣþԵĹԵĽӣΪֱӵֶδݻ٣ڤ֮ǰԸĻ硢ԣҪºܶ࣬Щħ䡢֮ЧޣԷַǿһּʢ̬ʥģǧһС
ӡַ֣ãûǧ塣
ͬʱĹ֮Ϣط·˻Ĺţϵѹ֮ĳŰӿȥ
֮У⽻ַ֯㱾ֿ֣޴֣һޱȾ޴֣貶Ŀͬʱַ壬תľѪ⣬ԶڲĹʥܹܻһУѹһУʥɽ޶ѹɽеĹʥε֮ҪѹʥֻҪסڤ
ַ㱾ڿգȺȻķַ֣Ǿ߱ʧ˿̣һ貶Ŀľ޶֮ϣ֮ǰͬʱ֮⣬ƹŶ֮عԣ·Ĺʥ档
ʧˣΪѹôȺ̧ͷǹӷ·ԻĹŵľ޶͸һĻĹ֮оԼӳ֡
ˣâҫַĹŶſڤѹȥ죬޾ȭâɱڹŶ֮ϣȴȫѹʧѹǰκιҪѹɷ顣
һӰȴǹ·ҪĿñѹڤַʵףڤֹڴˡ
ֲԽԽܼ·һŹ֣һӹٻϷ⣬̼䣬֮䣬һ޴ޱȣߴʮɵĽ֣·ͿڤΪһ壬һӣΪ޴ŷ𻤷ӻ޾ɫ⣬ӡһ֮Ӷκ֮ܶ⡣
޴ĹŶѹ£漴ֻʮɹŷӡƳбϷָͬɽŹŶѹȥжǿܣ޷ᡣ
ˣ·һ𣬹Ŷƽ㣬ȴͬʱͣյУһͬʱֿѹգ


2207 
ڤʵǿ·ϹŵķתӵϷ֮˼£Ƿ켫ͬһŷһʵ̫ˣַŶʥѹһǣֿס˹ÿ¡
ȺͷԶޱ𺳣˵ս̫Ŀʵ
һսҲΪļң֮ͷŵ˼£أ֮־ͬʱޱȿֲľ־üĽɫۿȻʼպһľ룬޶ȣڹϵ츳
㱻ãһսԣºѣﱬľ־̫£֮޷ʱսͷ˫̫ԡȺаʵٶҲȻ̨ȣԵЩˡ
ʱһ֣أĿת漴ǾͿʮɽһٶ³пֲĽײڹŶ֮ϣʹùŶ΢΢Щϣ࣬޾
ڤһطӻ³𶯹ŶȺͷ΢£ڤҪӵǹǳƣǵ幥ʹΧĹǿٶȲΪڤʹûжǹŷһʼնգΪ塣
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ʥ֮֯ںϣһ޴ĹŽַһƲʱǹŽƿգ뵽̨ǿ漴ݺݵһŭХſڤȥȻȴδڤЯ֮ƣĹ֮⣬ݺݵյУôͣ˹Ŷԣݺݵһɿµѹ̼֮䣬·˼֣ϵ·Ҳѹס
ѹַ޾⻯ҲܹתΪսһ̫ˣһ·ҪڵˣΪһ
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ڤ촽ˣһƲ³һµĽɫӡǰн֯һɫӡĽӡһԹ֣ճһ֮࣬漴ŹŶݺݵĺ˹ȥ
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ַһ⻯٣ûֱӹտŶԼŽں֮У·𶼱ѹϨˣ죬Ҫ̧ͷʥȻȴǹϵѹǰӶͷ­
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һսҪˣڤʵȳ𣿡
аֻǲ֪ˣȥսԿ϶ǣַ㣬ǾǰҪôҪôڶϯλ


2208 ռ
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ߡֻߣٶѹȶ£ֲгԴ˹ȥʹԽԽ
ͬ˰㣬ȻɲϷεսܼʮôսܡ
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۾Ѫǽɫ۳Ѫɫ֮⣬·ֻ۾ڶų
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𣡡ٶȷһ˻֮ȻֻʱǽɫеѪɫı䵭һЩ嶼΢΢Ĳţ·ڿѹԼü֮ǹɱŰ־
ʱֻһ̤Աȥ漴ϥ۾ϣǵֻۣҲѵıպϣǹɱŰ־ʧ˷·뵽˳֮УһĻʹȺ£Ļһս˭ʤ˭
ղţѾѹȵ˼㣬żǱڵۼһսʤӦǳʤϾڶԳֽ𣬲ǾԵ̫ˣȻʤҲ˵һǼһǸޡ
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תĿַ㣬ַĿҲһʵֲĺܣ쾭̫Σգǿ״̬µ֮ʳأǹɱҵ־ΪֲսʤҲҪӷǳֲʵҪɱڻҪɱһ̬̫ˡ
ɱĻԺԽԽֲٶȣַǿġ
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һսԡֻʱڤƽĿ˵ַܸ㣬ҪսȻҲǾҪͳײһһս
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ˣ֮䣬һͬߣľ־ı֪жô£ȴ䣬޷ҡľӰ־෴ǿֲľ־ſڤȥ
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ҪܿڤֻкַԾĹѹ飬ӷ顣
ʣ޷ַһĹַսʽ̫󣬻ԸڤȶԸַ㶼Ҫѣַ˿ڤ
Ȼȴûаȴ־ǹɾ־ŰڱҪǿ״̬˵ľ־Ӱ쵽ͨĹҪùǿ
ˣһ̤ɫ䣬־ңһƿֲ־ɱ۷־ȴ޷ʴڤ·ۺ㣬ÿһ̤ƶø񡢸ҡ
ڤǱߣ죬ԽԽǿʢ֮УɫķŹƯһ޴ķӡڷתţ·ԽԽǿڤҲڻǿĹ
ʮɵĽ֣ٳ죬ޱ߾޴ĽɫӡתĹӡһУ·˽ɫӡУǵ޴ӡ˿̲֪жôĿ¡
죬Ǿ޴ĹӡЯеķŹ֣ųȥɲ֮ӿ֣·ǷӡС
ˣһ̤·գ־ǿĹŭǰһ֮޴ĽɫӡϵĹֶĥˣѺۣȻֱ۷·Ҫȫѹɷ㣬屬ˣ¶һĨѪ
Ķȳ죬޴ӡٹŭһ˷˫ƶ֮ȻϮѵĿȺĶĤ֮У޴ĽɫӡһѺۣʧȥײԱߵػĻ֮ϣɫ԰ףѪڲݡ
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һĻڤսʤַ㣬˿ڤ˴ξռƺˣֻռԾѾǰսˣַͿڤĶԾ
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һ̣ж
֡аĪϧäˡħ׼ҡ塢ңңȺǵģȻţյӰ


2209 Ŀ
ѩ壬Ƭѩ磬һλվãã޾ıѩ֮Уԣվżλˡ
ʲôˡڴ˿̣һֻԣһӰַڴ˵رȻϵôˣȻǴд֮ˡ
ô˵ƽ˵ʱǰһˡ
ˣǰٰľ֮ˡǰȺ֮Уһλ߿˵ʱʹĿ£飬һֻأǲøġ
ǰǳսûǰɡĵʱͫоһĨη壬ǳս½̫ˣ֪ж䣬Ľ䶼δ⣬ʱʱڣѩҲǴη粨֮˼Ķ䣬ܹǡ
ĴӵпŽ֮ܣ޷ģȻڲǰϢλ˴֮ƽĿ˵ʹɫ£֮
λȷ֮ôϢȥɻ
ұ޷֪ˣһβκ鷢⡣Ŀڡ
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ܿйأǺӴϢˣѾ˾ս
ô૵񣬾ý˰ɣ֪˴ѡľţǺε
˭ȥ룬ûֻ迴űУԼƽ˵΢΢ͷҲףѩ壬߱ʸҪ»ҪĻۣѩ֮гһС죬һ˿ֿܡ
Ŀ⳯Զȥ۴˴ξѡжǿξԲôƽ֮ļĵܹӴλȻʩչˣȻһԤס

̨ĻʧһĿӰ֮ϣоþ޷ƽϢ
ССȭͷţ·Ҳǳ㣬Ķ棬սϢУĿµĿƬռ䣬֪黹ûн
ǵѩĿⶢַ㣬ɫѿࡣ
һһôܡѩоĴܸУĳɳô֮죬ջʰʵ֮գַսԶû˵ǿᣬܶ࣬ǲǼܹģȻַ㣬ȴӲĽԼʵε˸߶ȣһַ֮֮˲֪ȻҲᴫʥݡݵսѧԺ
ʵϣ˿̣УѾ˲ȡ򣬿ʼϢȥ
һȻõ˵һַ㣬䳯￴һֻۣ˿¶õЦ⣬·֪ĳУԼ˾һˡ
һȫܹˡа뵽ɶǵӰ֪һĹԡ˻硢˿ڤ̫ˣղͿڤ֮սо٣һ¶
֡աаĪϧаäǣΪַеˣַ㣬õ˾һǶʵԼ츳õĳ
սѧԺʯ֮ϣԻ͵һʣңսѧԺΪַ񣬿ǰ޹֮¼а΢Ц˵һε֮ѣ޾Ĵ½һ꣬ˣǣδ󣬰ַ㣬ߵһ
û뵽ַôʸ綼ûңңǹ˿˿Ц⣬ԵҲޱȣǻڵַսڿַУս֣ͬĴڣҲĲԩˡ
ȻЩף⣬Ҳ˰ַ㣬ħ׼ҵǿߡǵɫôÿַ㣬Ȼõ˾һһΪĺħ׼ҪΪ׶츴𣬸ˣң֮ǰԴַ㣬ַ֪᲻Ǻޣһûгɳźá
Ҳַ㣬̾Ϣ彣˫ޣóֵ⣬ʵεǿ󣬱һȻ̨ȴϯλЩУܶ˽ʥõΪµĵزⲻ۷壬вǡ
۷սܹоԼĲ㣬ʱĻ磬֪ԼǷȱַܶ࣬ʥһ֮ʱ֮ǿκ˶޷棬ڤʵ֮ʱͬϹ֮ȹޱȵս˸еǰκһˣǾ
ʮ١ʥˡ׿䣬ǶַӰַѾǿᣬ̤֮Уֻõ
ַЯһ֮ֱܹΪӴʥԺֻǿǵĲ࣬ԽԽ󣬶һַ̤뵽ɱַҲˡ
ǣȺԸƬ½УȻҲкܶ½ˣʥʳȻҲУʱУЩţƾʥϮɱַ֮£Ѿǽˣ֪Ժַ᲻Ḵ
Ҳˣ¶Ц⣬һλʥʳˣַֻ㣬Ŀ˸嶼վñֱˣʥʳʥӣĶӣ̳ʥʳʥ֮λҲζţδʥʳʥʣַ֮ӣһϵʥʳԻһʱˡ
֮УԤվǣҲһĨЦ⣬ĳɹˣһ·ߵõ˾һϯλ̵תѾܹȷΪĴˣĲ²⣬Ҳõ֤ʵ
޷һУĴڣʲôˣһУȡԼ޷ԤԣҲƿأ֮ĽɴڡԤеȻȴδ˵ȴǹĻ֮еļ˵Ϣʱ䣬ռžһƬû˵
ƹã鹫ӵϢáڿסԼҲָƣԤŻ˻֣ƽĿڵ֮ϯλһϯλַ㣻ڶϯλڤϯλϯλϯλ󣻵ϯλ磻ϯλ壻ڰϯλʣھϯλ鹫ӣʮϯλĦޣ
ȻȺĿзâҫǰʮϯλͬȺһ
ȻҲڴ˿̣Ͽ֮أмӰԣֻɫۣͬħװ￪ڵϲλþǰʮϯλ
һ÷ǳͻأԵüЭΪԤߵĻԤߵԣ


2210 ɴɱҲŹ
ȺĿ⣬תȥԤߣҲ
ֻ˵ǹһĨЦĿ⿴¿յʮˣ˴ξʮǿ֮ˡ
Ȼ˴ξѡʮλӣҴħϲ˵ֿԤߣƽ˵ȻЦݣȴ˸оơ
Ҵϲ˿̣һλ˿ڣһϯ泤ۣûϢȻ˵ĸоȴ·ԡ޾Ļ֮УΪ죬ԣҲվһλꡣ
Ҵϲһ·Ҫеǿ߿ڵԵ꣬Žɫ硣
Ҵѩϲ
һȺĿⲻתǵ˵ţ֮ˣ뽵ս̨⵽ôˡ
ʮգ֮⣬ʮǿ߽٣صôȺͷ΢΢ţ𺳡
ϿգǺ嫵ȺһλλǿĿ񣬶ηüͷţаӲֻһǰսΣʮǿ߽ٵҪʲô
ǰʮϯλʵǿʢޱȣħӹ죬츳Ҳˣβ˴˻ᣬдһ˿̣ħǿ߻˵ʱȺĿ⳯Եȥǣ졣
ħĹ죬ħһǿ֮һδħʵΪ£սųͬ޵Уһ̫֮磬һͷ֮ף̫ŭǰħˣȻ͹콻ֽԶܱύ֮£²Űˡ
Ĵ¼ɵ𺳣ǸֲصĺȻǰʮϯλ֮˵ʵҲܿ£Ȼһ˵ԹּǿߣûʤģϾˣǾʣοǺģǰʮϯλûо
һӻӣҲҪ;дһʱǿƽĵʹϿյȺɫٶȳ鴤
ǻӣҰѷĻӣʮٵЩʲôĿֲڰЩоţҪѿôֵ˶Ǹһǿ
ӣʣܹûκλ棬ΪԼĻ֮ʹ֮øǿ
ʮǿߣ׷ױ֣ſˮľ𺳵ԸӣǴ˿ֻһͷ˴ξǰʮϯλҪùˣܻܲҡ
ʮ֣ѡܳԸ˴ξǰʮϯλˣƽȵսֻһѡǿʮ˳ǰʮϯλﻹпĿܣϾͬһﶼΪҲǿ˿̣ʮˣʮǿʾվڶͬʱӹɡ
£ַֻ㡢ڤԼܹԷ֪ܷ񿹺ˣںˣǶ֡ЩаǶηԼѩҲľЩôֱʡ
ΨЩμӾԼǵˣǻ׷ʲôΪû˵ʮ˵֣ȻˣľΪʮ֮ţ
ôһǵðǰǻִƾȻͬվѡʮǹҫУû֡૵꣬ںܶǿ޶ԣôңԶǣ㾭ǰľ
ǰıѩִƾҲһûͷΣôˣ
ܶãȻ⣬¶ԻɫƬա
Ԥ̧ͷʮ֮ˣа̾û뵽ͬԤԵǰ㣬˴ξĳˣĿ⳯ȥ·͸գһƬߵϢӦѾ֪˰ɡ
Ȼ֪ˣ˿̣֮ϣ·һɹɹһǰӰߣɷǵˣǳ
תĵһõӰ٣΢Цŵλѣòɶá
ǧ˰ɡֻһŵ˵˵໥Ǵ΢Ц겻۵Ѱ㣬׷ߵһɫĹǰ
ȷһǧǰλһأǵһΣǺһҲطĵǰӰڷ룬Ըһ裬漴ֻӶ豭ٵǰ
ˣԸ߶ˣˡһһ̾˿漴̧ͷĵȥЩСһأôһˡ
ˡĵƽ˵·˵һ΢㣬ʹ˶΢΢һͣ漴Цҡͷѻô
ôˣװףȴиλѰȱڣҲĺٸֶΣվ޷صסģܻ֪˭ǽϢȥȱڡ
ĵ̾Ϣ˵·ʧ㣬Щˣٵ˶ǧˣȻȴӣ⡣
ϢվǱ֪ˣֺαʲôءһ˵˵漴ĿⶢĵɫͻأüΪڵһˣ˭
һ̣ͻأһͣ˵Ķͣĵ
תˣ˭һ׷ʵĬƬ̣ĵֻЦ£ڵҲҽԭ򣬿һĻˣҶὫǵļᣬԲǣҲȱ
ѹȳġһ˶
Ȳѹȳ΢΢ҡͷ
ǾȫɱˣɴɱҲŹһ˵˻ſµħ⣬㣬ǰʮϯλ֮ˣɱҲϧɴɱŹκһ˿ܡ
ĵ΢΢ҡͷûж˵ʲôȻ޷Ԥ⣬ֻоܣ


2211 
ƽ̨Ļ飬ʮλǿߣ̤ƽ̨̤ȥһ̣һɿµѹ
ַĿ̣ȻûԤϵǾھ֮Σʮ֡
ڤĿ£˫ֺʮ·κ飬޷ľɫķʢ񷣬·ǷŹ·Ϸ𷨡
Ŀս죬ǿߣȻǼΪĶ֣ѵá
ûõһлġһĻһЦܹɷҲǼҫɣʱҲܹЦ˵Ĳá
ˣԶɫأǶǸμӾȡߵһΪ˴ʵΪ̤ǽĿţ󣬽Ľ棬жѡ
Ԥƺûֹ˼ƽĿ¿գʹ˶Щ죬ʮǿһ٣ԤҪֹҲףң֪˿ĵһ뽵ںĵȲ裬֪θ롣
Ҫʮڰգַָָֻ㣬ɫĳԣ˶ͬһħͷַ㣬˫ͫеս֮⼫Ũ
һľܲƿ˺üֹʥΪȡ˾һҿҷӳʵ춢ַ㣬Į˵Щ½ѡεţȤ
ַ㿴Ź죬ֻԷУһڵĳìǳìͬħ֮ì㣬ſֲħ⣬Ϣǣ·һìܽ׶ɱϣһɿµħַѹȹߵİԵ֮⣬ˣ·Ǹ߰ħ
Ҳ뿴ħսΡַϣһɿֲսУһڵħ޽޽֮ſµħ⡣
ӣ˾ʣŵĻϢ۽¶һḬ֮̃⣬ǻӣ֮ʵĻ棬ܹʵǿ֣ǿߣҲҵԼĶ֣һʱ䣬Ƭռ䣬ѹֵĺХţͬǺ㡣
ǿһ̣ʮǿ֮ˣԶܵվԼǰֵǿַ㣬Ҳһ
ֳħ֮ìһǰ̤ÿ̤һһħӰӰһģһʮ̤ʮӰǺХħԽԽ£֪жôǿᡣ
ǹħÿһ̤ǿȺĿⶢŹ죬ΪַȡǾһϯλ˶սעֻ֮࣬ǿƣܹоǿǹħ񣬶Ϊˡ
ַϣʥۣ֮뵽еħ֮УŭХϯء
ĽŲȻӿһħӰ·صֲħìȻɱһ̣ħ·һһħӰŵĳìںһǰַɱì̺ħľ
ַֻоҰޱߵİԵгɫһŲȻ䳯ǰֲ̤ľ޽ݺݵĴ˳ȥһɱ֮졣
ˣìڽϣղݣַֻоһľֱӣͷݣǼΪǿֱԽ̳νȻֱɸоǿѹԷųìȴǰι̡
ƣŭһ̼䣬еĳì·ͬޱȵħַֻоһħɱŭ
ַſ죬һ޾ĺ̼еħ·շѹ飬ħĶţƲ֪жôĿ¡
ǿַ㲻Ǿһɱֲ֮죬ÿ£һì̺֮仯ַʵǿᣬһìɱԿаݣħʾ죬ǰּ£ϿƬ磬¶Ǽʢɡ
쵱Ȼʢħʾһǿļ֮һ֪ɨǿߣ˶¼ֻǳ
ڶ𣬹͸һĨµħ³һһȻǿ
£ĽŲǰһ̤¡һ죬Ծصħս·еĳìȻ飬漴ʮֲìһɲǼͬʱַ㱬ÿһì͸¶·𶼻˺ַ˻˹ȥǹɺܽɱ
ǣ˷˻ֻоԴ·ҪըѣǺܹɱꡣ
ÿ¡˱պʶͷ˵š
ַ㣬ҪβֵܵȺԺһ˲ͷȻڴ˿ַֻ̣˫ޱȣħ֮ͫףĽŲδˣŲǰ̤˳ȥеľ޽ݺݵĺ˳ȥŶԷɱ
𡣡ַſ죬ХضһìըѣȻȴûȫ
ƣַһǰһ޸ݺݵն˳ȥì֮ͬʱ̳ľ޽ĽŲˣ˵ľٶ
û뵽֮󣬻ּܹ档ȭͷգȻļ¶š
ַ㣡¶һĨŵɫȻַ㽫ˣǹʵÿ£˶ܹܵõǹϰԵħìһ̱ܵȿµַԴ֤Էǿᡣ
ֵҲЩǹһǾŷ֣Ȼǲμ˾ʶ̫ţⲢܴʲôһվ۷֮Уµڸǣ޵׷
硣ңңĿⶢžڵķλΪһʵҲǼΪµģǣ˿ڻӵĹ֮£
ַ磬ǶҪ¡ңңֿһַ㣬ַûΣ˿ȴΣգǾʣļˣΣգԵѹסֻпڤԼܹͶԷ⣬Ȼǿ޷ڣûбǿս
춢ַ㣬˫ħ֮·޵׶㣬һ񣬾ֿ־塣
һϯλȻûʧ׼ǿɣЩԶԶ䣬ڴܹʶַղźͿڤս֮ʱΪĻ޷ȷе֪Щս֮ʱжǿֻƾоȥƲ⣬ǣԼʵžԵţǿߣ


2212 ɱ
ַĿⶢŹ죬ֻԷħӰ漴ڰħҫַȻ֣·ѿ˾ħӰһͬħһħƺſµϢ·ӵоս
ֲİԵϢϯԾزΨҶ𣬳صħܹѹȵϢ
ַ޾ʥ֮컯ֻĹ֮ѹӰһΪԴ˾һϯλţַ㲻а⣬ǲμӾһԭҲΪȥ
ҿܹҵʵӵһӰӰַ³һ漴ֻŵħͬʱˣħӡ죬ַǰ漴Я֮ȻɱŴ޴ħͬʱŭХӵͬɶ·˹ϱǿ
ַɫĮʥȭŭ̻Ĺ֮ɱƬأ޴ħӡݻһУʥȭײֲ֮˷ܵħâȻһʱ֮ϣһֲħӡַɱȥҪַ顣
̧ͷַĽŭХһһֲľ޽Я֮ƿɱ޴ӡ˺ѵĴս춯
ַʵǿܹ͹쿹⣬ֻǲ֪ռʵж£֮ˣȻֶΰ㡣
ǰʮϯλ֮ˣɲǶַͬһǿᣬιȸʵɲѷɫ죬ʱջﵣ趯Ļ֮鼫ΪĿֲÿһδ̳·ܽ˶ʳĻ棬Ȼ˳ǻﵣû
ɱʱӵĻԽԽֲǰȻ䶴̼ŵµĻ֮⳯ǰ˹ȥ绹ҪѸ͡
еľɫ趯һƬֲĻܼףŵµĹڻܼ֮ϣ޷͸ȻֻЦһ峯ǰȥ˫еĻﵶȻֱ̳Ӵ뵽ǻܼ֮У̼䣬ɫ֮۶ɵĻܼ׾ϵһƵĻ˳ŻﵳŻӵӿȥ·׳
ȺһĻɫӲӸḁ̊́ʣֱʵĻ棬Ǳɫ⻹ôս
ˡȺֻڶܼ֮Ͽ̳һµУɻ棬ͬʱǾŵ֮žʵȥȥɫ֮𣬱ʧȥ˷ȥĻֻŶԷɣʵĻ棬Էȫˡ
ʼ㴦Σ״̬ɫ䣬ɫ̼֮ȫڣ⻪תɫ֮ɫ滤ĻǾŵϷ͵죬ȴ޷͸ķ
Ȼ˿̻ӵĻﵵˣӵĻֱִܹ̣ӶɱھʵϣһɿֲĻ֮·͸һУֱӺʵڣǻ汻ѹ˼µûдΧĻ𲨶ȴ
ͣƺһĻ֮ѪֱӷɳŲ·޷վˣһɿֲ֮Ű·˿µĻӡ
ʱɫ֮УӶȥҪĨȻ˿̣ȴɱЦݣĳžȥ½ţǱ㾭εѡ̭̤־βпᣬĵλΪӣǻʾһӵĵ֮һδҪĺģݣ̫Īˡ
ãǿ͸ɱҪɱʡȺͫɫѿĪҪΪɱ¾սɡ
ǿߣ϶͸ɱ⣬˵ɱˣ֮ͷ˵ţ̧ͷȥʮڴˣɲΪۻģĿ̣ûԤϵᷢһĻ
ʣɫѿôΣңңĽţɫ԰ף촽գ·Ѫ͸
϶ԡŻ֮⣬ȼĶŶԷ
ǿĻ֮öΪҵĲƷҵľ磬Ҳ̤۾ˡӶžϵĻ棬¶һḬ֮̃⣬ּĻ棬Ծо޴ĺô
Ȼ˳ӵĻɱֱĳžʴɱʵȻó֮깥ǿȻղѾԹԻûãԷȫĿշѹ
ʶŻӣ¶һĨɫֻӵĻֱӴ˾ʵڣûȥֵֻ˫εץסﵣ˫
𣡡һޱȵϢ˻һŻŻӵԴȥĿ£ſ죬ֱ³һſֲҪŻûȻ潫͸ɳȥɫһƳǰץס˴εĿ»ʹ˫ƶȼĽŲһ̤Ȼ죬Ӱֱʧ˻֮Уһռ䣬ﵶԭء
Ȼ˵ҡӶԼ˫֣·֮ɫɫѿϵɱǿңһɿֲĻɫЩ԰׵ľʣӵɱԽŨ
ˣȻ䣬ӵʧԭأһŻӰһɫ۳ɿµĻǰȻԷڵֱץ˻棬˾ʵ壬¡һ죬ٶ׷ɣѪ³ܵش
Ҳͬһ̣һսƺĦޱУ˷·𶼱񣬶ǿߣɱ֮⣬˹ȥ
ǰʮϯλ˱ˣٿΣȺͫɫӲ
͹ײַҲ־棬ɫԽĮ
ⲻд䣬Ǳԣɱ¾ʮǿߣɱ˵ġַĿüĺڻȻ·һŹ̼䣬֮ĳ嵱йȥ˵ħַ㱬һħȭƿգ¡¡أӰ㽵ھʵߣʲôֶε۱Լˣ֣Ѿд䡣
ַǱȵ۱еıܿûǿǣһ˲жԷûа취飬ǲ¾


2213 Σ
ַ㻰ǰʮϯλ֮ˣһɫȻȻַĻѾǾд裬ʮ֮ˣҪɱǣûа飬ֻǻܵĻѾ˾ʣûбҪս
˶֪ⲻд裬ɱ
쿴ַ㱬սɫ΢£ַڣƺһĹΪ֮ˣ֪½ľеȻַһƻˣԽŲַԼڵλ̤ȥͻһǰһƽַ;ʼм䡣
ɿµϢͬʱƾˡ
ӣҪҪһ˭ɱǡ˿ַ̣ˣŻ˵
ӵл͸Ѿ³Уĵ⡣
һȻɱַԼΪע̫ˡȺͷһǵ¶ŭɫַˣǾǿţǺò̤˾۷壬ȴʮÿһ̤Ϯɱǣ⵱Ȼ
Ⱥ˱ĺȻַǽ֮пһʱգһԽǣǵսǿ
ܹ̤Ͼ۷ˣֻҪʱ䣬Ժ󶼻ΪֲǿߣЩǿҪδɳĨɱôȺԵЩߣⲻһǿ߶Ըǰʮϯλ֮ˣʮ֣еκһ¶ʮ֮еźĵӡ
ʮֶΣδЩˡǵ˺ܷŭս̨֮Щ̭֮˶еŭȻȴŭԣյվŵʮλǿߣ֣Ҫɱǣ¾ϰ򵥣ڶԷУǾͬһǾǰʮϯλǶҪɱοǡ
ȻȺ벻ףΪʮ֣ĪΪôϾʮˣҪΪĵӡ
ʱԼӵĽŲмַԼ̤ȥħͻ֮ΪǿʢħƣֳֻﵣǿҵΣС
ַɫĮȻһĨµɱžʴʣֵסһͻϮ֮ˡ
ûкַսеɱ⣬ƺҪ͹ɱ֮עַ׼֮⣬ͻϮӡ
е۱ֵƬûѹǴ˴βֵĻЩ֮Ҳĵ۱ǶԱˡʻظһҲһֱûм۱ԭЩӵеԴȻҪ࣬ϣܿиĵ۱ɲôöԸˣƴҲԸ۱
ûѡˣȥʮˣȫܣΪַ˵ϣ޾֮Լշʹ˶·ڷ֮Уƿ£Żӡ
ܵ׼ôӶַ㣬³һǹǿʢķܹ֮ٶȣȻἫΪ˰㣬ںƬռСַǿ׾ٵһոɱַͬ˶Լ㡣
̺Ļ֮ԽĿ£²ݣڣӶַЦ£ڵһҵҪмʵ
˵գĽŲһַ̤ɱȥͬʱ֮з·пµĻ֮⳯¶Ϊ
䣡ַ˫ȭŭɱʱ˻գȻӵ˫ֲ̺Ļ⣬ͬ۰㣬͸һУԥĳַȥǻеĻԽԽʢ˵壬޷ܵסǹɿµĻ֮ʣһˣʿڡ
ڴ˿̣ͻأ䣬һӵľ޶ֱӳŻӺɱ˳ȥֲĹ˲תǶ̺깥ַȫ̼䣬µɥʹƬͻأ䶼ȫ͸֮⣬·ŵա
󣬾Ŷֻм֮ңĻֱӻڣ궯·Ҫɱ㣬ɫ˲֮ϯҪͬʱַ֮Я֮ɱһ̵֮ⲻ֪ǿ˺εȳ̶ȡ
ͬʱַ嶯޾ķԼշֵٶȺεȵѸͣɲ֮㽵ٵ˻ӵǰӴ˿ڵֿʴңַ˲䵽ɫһѿޱȡ
ɱַŭһħֱӲӵĶĤ֮УȭͷֱӳŶԷԴ˹ȥ
ɫ˲࣬ǶַͻأµĻ֮⣬̼䣬ַֻоһɼǿҵΣн٣ȻȭͷȴûκԥɺݺݵĳŶԷԴ˹ȥҪԷһȭɱ
÷ļһȺһĻӿǻǿߣַ㾹ȻҲϧһд۽ɱֱǷˡ
Ӻһ¡һ죬ûأӵ̼䱻ֵ棬һɳޱȵĻ泯ַɱ̤նƮ֮УŶڿնƯǰĿⶢǰһطĿĮֻվǣһ˼¡
۾֮оȻűһ١ַɫĮֻ̧ͷԴ·ѪҺ͸˳£˫ַ۾·Ҫ̵ַ
գӾȻЩַ䱬Դһȭûӣַһȭͷܺ䱬Ⱥɫ𺳣һʸղҲ˵۱Ը죬˵սҲԽĿǿ߻һЩɱĦޣͬһӪˣһЩˣҪɱȥ
ܺáеĻﵻΪ⣬û嵱Уͬʱ˫֮ϣĻﵡ˫ﵡɣƺˣһħףͬһħһ·ûܹ׵ķ
ˣЩǿߣ˼Ϊĵ۱ȺɫݣսƺٶˣҪøӵĿ񱩣ȻЩ˼ΧȻǶԣսǼΪģȥܻ޷֧š
ĿⶢַǰĹŶȻһ˿̣ȴЩַˣΪƣ֪ΪΣʮ˾Ȼ֣ҪɱЩǰʮǿߣ׷ʲô飬ʮΪ棬һԣǲܷģʲôΪ鷢Żʮѹʮǿ֮˽ΪĵӣԸǣ൱ڶԸ


2214 ս
־棬ֹܽţ˵ģš
ΪΣ˿̣ҲվһֶԸ֮ˣ̧ͷĿⶢеǿߣɫҵȴӸƬ½μӾͼıˣ̤ȻΪλǰʮϯλȴǵȴֵɱ
֮ݣȻû뵽Ľ֣Ϊȡ˾ǰʮϯλ⵽ɱ¾ܸġ
ǳ˽Զ̧ͷɻвʣΪ
Уǿվǣû˻شΨʮӣֳɱ۱ޱǿϢŰ֮У˻쫷磬ֲɱϯƬռ䣬ǹɱ֮⣬̫¡
ڤһ漴Ų̤죬أУһɫķ̼֮䣬֮أֲĻ֣ͬһ޴ޱȵĲŷ
׼սɡڤƽ˵ȺףڣΪʲôʱ򣬺ܿǿ߾Ҫչɱ¾Ҫǣս
ַվһλŶǰĿⶢַ㣬ɫ䣬򻯱ĹŶַ޷ӳ򻯱ɾ֮ʱⱦһֱս£û뵽ż£ַˡ
˸ǰʮϯλǿ߷׷׼Լĵ۱ʱ׼ս
ڴ˿̣֮У£ݺݵĺ֮ķĻ֮ϣ̼䣬Ĵֻ֮һ·Ļ޷ܵס
ЩһЩ۱¾ǰʮϯλ˶˲٣ǸղţҪþǰʮϯλǿԼ̫ˡȺͷţ漴һ֮Ļ׵ѣɱ֮ٶϯ£µΣУþǰʮϯλǿĿ죬ɫ࣬ǵʲôҪʮɱǡ
ǲ֪һУֻΪǵУ̵תڴ½ʷϣκһ̵תλ޷֮£ԣǱҪת˻ɱҲŹһˡ
ʵѾֵزҲˣǿԽЩȥģûУΪת֮˹ϵĲһ˭ˣΰ죿ԣֻл𣬾Բң˭̶ֻ֪ǲ²⣬пʮеһλңǰϯλ֮˵ĿҪ
֮УħĿ´ɫĮͬħ㣬¿֮أаϹʱΪ̵תЩӵҲ֮᧿Σգ֣ǳž֮ս½κεطûܹ⣬ŽѹȥӴ֮ţʱ꣬£ٷ
Ծ߿ϹʱӰˣΪһսǲƬ½ս㻮Ϊһʱ֮ǰ㱻֮ΪϹʱڣϹʱ֮ʵʼ˥ҲһѾȥ꣬ûָܹյĶʢʱڡ
µָһӼ䣬ȥ½Ϲʱ߳Ҳָ˼Ԫʼһֵǿߣ½ҲһЩȻǧǰõϢתˣȻȴδʲô֮£Ҳ̽֮Уûз쳣ʱǧٴζˣһֵٰΪˣĵ˴֮ֵܻܱˣʼ¶ˣŻⳡսǰʮϯλߣȫɱɴɱҲ£ΪģǲϹʱڵΣǾ棬λߣ޷
ĵϹһսǿߵĺ˻ߵӣݡ
֮ˣΪÿζйأǵĸǽ١ǿٵΪ̵ת𣬳ǿߣӭһδйĻԻʱ⣬£Ȼȴ֮ս޾ǿߡ
һΣʱǧתζʲô
꣡һ죬ֻڤµĹĻһµĹ¿պ˹ȥ˻֮ͷݺݵĲ£⡭ѵǰʮϯλ֮ˣ˽ô
棬ȻѰ·Ǳһ̰ɡֻ֮У³һ漴ĽŲƬ֮ȥͬħɢڵ貹⻪
ңңǻĻ棬ɫ԰ֱֽ̤ȻҪսȥ
һŲһ̤ѾͷˣʮλǿڣκҪֹǣ¶
Ȼһ̣յУһ貶ĿĹ⻪£漴·һĿİ׹ʶ̼Ⱥ֮УЩ˷׷ױܿ漴׹ٶȳͬѸ͡
ȥǿͫ£ڶԷֵʱǲδֱֹԷһӰǲͬʱˣȫ׷ȥ
ô
ͻıʹ˵£ֹܹģֻˣղţôߵˡΪʮĴܼȫȥ׷ѵ˲Ϊ˾ǰʮϯλǣֻΪһˣ
Ⱥ뵽ȻĲǿƬռٵһӰֻһˣʮͬʱ׷ⲻò޵롣
Ǳߵˡ
Ϊ˳ʲôȺа£ʮĿղŵսУܹһһ⣬ַֻ㡢ڤˣǰˣʵЩѹƣˣǰκһˣпܵģ
˴εľ˽ǰʮϯλ֮ˣǰа䷢ʱԤϵЦڲ٣Į˵ʱʮλǿͫ£ʮĴȫڣǵȻûнаԤߵԾ˿ˡ
Ȼʮ˶ȥ׷ˣһû£Էٶ̫죬ǣ̫ҪаһȻʱԤ߽Ⱥǰ⻪ҫȺסֱ̤뿪̼䣬ʧ
ˣʮ£ʱƿնȻĴȥղ˵ĵһӦ׷Ǹճȥ׷Ǳ뵽ѵ
ֿܣǾԴڵģƻľᣬʮˣܣǰϯλˣԸ󣬵ȻǱߵˣҲǼпܵġ


2215 ͥ
ԤߴַʧȺ¶ãɫô뿪ˡ
ԤߵĺܴæȻΪ˱ܿʮءȺͷ΢ʮ֣ڳˣʮǿϯλ֮ȫߣ⣬Ҳž׵ĽһУĻ
֮ϣηĿ˸£Ҳ⣬֮䣬׷ʲô
ѩȺڵķλС˫ȭգ³üͷ漴¶һĨЦ⣬Ȥ
ƿչǿʧˣƺϿչȥһЩʱٴγ֣飬ǣǰʮϯλ֮ˣ̤֮ǵʸ񣬳Ϊ֮ǵһӣͬʱǰϯλӵɳڳǵȨ
һУƽ̨ĳ¿ս䣬·һжҪصǰǵȺǽģͶӰֻоȻʧһֵľôʱδսһĻĻǵԺ֮Уþ޷ƽϢ
ȺȥڳٶȷָûͶӰʮ֮Ҳ޷ڳǵľ£֮ͬԽǵΨлþǿϯλߣ̤Ƭأǻðǿϯλ֮ˣȷԶ̤ڳǵУҪǴеڳǣ硣
ʱ֡аĪϧˣƬİĳǳ֮УǿǰƯеɳǣ𶯡
ɳǣ֮ǡ˿Ǳߣͷеĳǳأɳǡ
ǽµǣŨ·ҪԾ㣬ǵڳôȺĿ⻷Χ֮أɹƣϡ裬Ȼһ͸ΰ
ˣǰϯλߣܶ˶Ƭռ䣬̾ż·֮ˣеľ֮̾ɫЩ˶ͨİɣѵһ
ߣȥ֮ǡڴ˿̣ǰʮϯλ֮˽Ų̤֮ڵɳ̤ȥ񷣬ҲʱһʷǷӰԶǲƬռ䣬΢ЦſȺϲλͥ
ͥȺͷ΢΢һȻ¶Ǿͥ

֮ǣһǿգַǾ˱Ԥߴվڵ֮ϣ̧ͷܹ貵ǳأ·ֻ֮ң㡣
ַĿ⿴ڳһۣ˵һˣǳղţǿ߽ˣʮǿԶǰȥ׷֪ζʲô
һӰƮΪԶ޷͸ӹɣһЩΪ
־棬֮Ҳһֿ飬ǵ˻ֱǰͬĵطѡԺ֮·Ԥ߿λĿڣ漴ЩӰͷ
ڤһ˶ſڤڵ
˿ڣɻȻϾѾȫ̤֮УˣȻΪǽ󣬵ֻʣַһˣûȥɻԭأЩӰҲ뿪ˣֻԤߣˡ
ַ㡣ֻԤĿ⿴ַ㣬¶һĨƽ͵΢Ц
ǰַ㹧ĺһʱ꣬ǣּˡ
ַ㣬ȣϲ˿Ȼкܶɻ󣬶ҽҪ˵飬ΪҪҪˡԤɫأַ㿪ڵ
ַ㿴Ԥ߱ص飬һݣ£º͸ղʮйء
ҪӺǰ˵ұ򵥵ĺ˵һԶʱڣ֮أ桢޾ǿߣһʱ򣬿ԼС磬ˣչ֮أԽԽ࣬С磬ԽԽܼʹþƬأãҪıϡ
ǣǿߣʼ͹Ҫһͳ½ΪƬ֮أǳ֣֮ҲӦ˶
ַԤߵͷȻгһ̤ڳǣӴ˽Ƭʱһ̣٣֪硣
Եʱ˶õ޷֪ȻԶʱϹţǴӾŴʽԼͳȨʼŴֱΪǿʱɳѩŽľǿҲɳķʱʧʱ𡣡
ȻۺαǨĽŴԶʱϹʱʱĻңͬʱΪ˼˿ڵѹԼֹϡ֮飬λǿ˾Ƭ磬㲻䣬ǾƬ磬ܻڣҲǾ½
½ַٶȺݺݵ£½Ŵǿ߿ٵ硣
ô˵̤أǴ½Դ磿ַ㿪ʵ
û˿̤أǾԴ񣬱Ϊͥ
ƬϹʱڣǿߵҲӵ磬ڤ硢̫˶Щûо½ƾʷΪЩ˽磬ڤ磬ڤԵƿţ̫磬ľƿأΨо½Ϊ磬磬Ƭ磬Ҳʼǿߣھ½µС硣
ַ㰲ţ˵磬ӵϵǣԾ½ǿƿ
ûܹͳ磬ΪԵİκһ޷Ԥ뵽ʲô̧ͷĿ⳯ȥֱһʱĵҲϹʱĩڡ
һʱ̵תһһδ棬ִһֱвǣѱˣ֣֮䣬һžĴս˴½ÿһ䣬ǳսĽֱǣ䣬һս֣֮սߣĻƻ衣
һսҲϹʱĽǿʢʢ˥һЩҲʼϣȻȴҲûа취ּĿֲսһֱǧǰ֮УԶʱĩһ̵ٴתˣǿͬʱ֮С
ַͷ΢΢£Զʱĩڣ̵תһ֮սǧǰַһƵô
ֻԤ߼ʱһǧ꣬ڲǰ̣ٴζˣ
ַģٶһ


2216 ɴ˵
ʱǧ꣬ǰٴתַףʮҪɱǵԭ򣬱
ھ磬һֱһ˵ܹת֮ˣΪ˽ɣΪ֮ˣݣ֮Ԥߵٶַ嶸Ȼһֻоһɡ
ɵĴ˵½ְָ汾κһ汾һֽɡһǿ󣬶ʵϣҲǱ룬ǸӦó֮Ϊ֮ˣӦóΪ֮ˣ֮⣬Զʱ˵ֹλϹʱĩڱսѾ֤һУԴϹʱ֮󣬾Ҳûн֮˳ֹϡڱֱٶȳˡ
ԤߵĿⶢַ㣬ʱַ㣬ԤΪλŨص
һ̣ԤߵĿַ㣬ĵ֮ʱתˣ֮ˣܱܿǴ˴βμӾеһˣƲԼһεľ飬һˣĿܣ㣬ַ㣡
ַ㳤³ͷǽ֮𣬴½֮У֮Ĵ˵˭֪ԶʱĩĻƻ裬ɽ֮
пǽ֮壬Ԥ߽ߣңڸղս֮ʱ߳һУΪ˶ĿôȻɱǲݵģǲҪһɵٶɡ
£ֻ㡢ңе֪κ˶Ҫ͸¶ʮˣܶᱻ½ͬĵطȥ֮Уûкô⣬ᾡȫƽϢͬǧǰ
Ԥ߻˵漴ֻһֵǳ񣬶ַǻӰĸͷ棬ʡϵϢȫı䣬ûܹϳ
ַɫ£漴ӰӹϵȻϾҲм޵ģһЩµĴﶨܹϳ޷ʥ۾Ӱɻ᷽̫ࡣ
⣬һϯλĽһûи㣬ҪʲôԤ΢Ц˵ַɫ£漴ڵλʥ˾ĳܴ̫أֻһʶڣһλ۾ĳΪһλʾѣ۾شұһ˿Ϣϣܹƺǡ
ʥֻʣһʶڣ鷳궼ĨˣΪǿ󣬼ֻһʶܲдĲҩܹ׳һʶ൱ʶ׳֮Ҫһžʶ꣬ҪȬѡ
Ԥ߿ڵԼشһβҩ㹻ˣĹϵмβҩΣΪ˴ξһϯλĽ
лַͷһϲǿǲҩȻԤ˵ΪɣȻַ֪ҩжôһλʥˣܴأֻҪҩָҲ̫࣬ģȻԷԸΣɼǺεȶݡ
Ǵ±ʥ֪ȻҪɱַ㣬μӾϣܹõһβҩϾҲֻһ߲壬һѣҪָļַɣΨвҩܹ
ˣֻʣʶĹʥˣɻҪɼɽʥƶأͻˡ
ͳԼ࣬ǵΪڲҩǰ̫ˣֻҪһڣû⣬ͳ켴㻯Ҳ̺꣬δҩܹ临ա
ߣҴȥһطԤ߿˵漴Ųǰҹ̤ȥַԤߵĽŲǰ·ǿ·˺ԶַҲ֪̤һƬǳ磬ԤߵĲͣ
˿̣¿գһƬǿգ˵Ƭǿա
½ַͫ£һƬƬǿգǰȻо½ǿա
˾֮⣬ڤ磬ԼһЩ硣
ǣַ̧ͷԤߣĿΪ𺳡
Ǿ½ڤ磬һЩܻΪƵСڡԤ߶ַ˵ʱַͷ΢΢£ȥܹ̤뵽½Լڤ磿
ǵģ½Զǿߴ磬ʵҲС磬ͥǴ½Դ֮أͥҲٳ磬̫еļǿڣ￪ٶȻС磬ͥĵλûκεطܹ󼰣ΪƬ½
Ԥ߶ַ͵ַ㣬ЩʱдգһѡûϲģȻȻǽЩģ·֮УҲȻԼЩʱգ뿪֮ǣĴһɣǰ½Ǿͥ磬ԡ
˴γȥ۾֮ٳְɡַ˵ûǣʮ֮Լؽ̤ѩ壬죬ӳ
ǰѩ壬ҲھͥаɣʵΣַһ
ѩǼΪϵһ壬ǴϹʱڱţ̼Ϲʱĩƻ֮սУսӪǿߣӴҲ˥ѩ˫Ҳмָ˵ļ󡣡
˫ѩô˭飬ɡַа
ôʵѩ壿Ԥ߿ڵ
һЩԹַĿ˸
˵ȫ԰֣Ȼʱڣ㻹һʱȽϺã㣬ǰʮϯλ֮ˣҪȥ伣һʱ䣬ȵ粨ƽϢ֮Ҫ֣ңʱվѩ壬ףǰǲм㣬Ǹʲ𡣡
һַѩʥ߸ϣˣݽ棬ѩԵƥǿɱˣһУĿղʮɣѾѩУ²־棬ַ㲻
ѩʹʹʹһҪѩ廹
ַ̧ͷԶʣƬǿգȡһϯλ̤ǿ֮·ĲȻ޷ǰ·жѣһǰ̤죬ҪɾĽĴڣ


2217 Ӱ
δΪʮѹȶܵӰ죬ٿɼĵɻڣҲҳ׵ķǧǰҲһ¼ɱƽϢȻһУ֮ͥ˲֪
۾˿µķ죬Ȼʾ֮սĿʮ٣̫𾪣һЩԣԳĳֽɵĴڣη壬ԲɢھͥҲӣϢΪѸͣΪӰ̫
̤뵽ͥˣǼʶ˾ͥĺԼʵǿԼ壬ʱ㶼û˹ȥ֮ģʼھ֮ͥдԼʵѹǴ˶۷Ҫ۾
Ҳ˾ͥǾģǾͥһ϶ǿļˣͬҲǣﲢδȥҪǰ֮ǣеɳǣӣҪ̤С
ȻھͥķԶ½񣬾սѾʼž½ÿһƬӡ
ʥʳվʳ棬ڼ̨֮ϣλһööźĵˣһλԣŵַ֣㣬ֵնͬȻȴû˷ԡ
ʥʥʳʥӵλĸףռҪλãҲҪ㸸һʱʥʳʥǣʥ˵ʥѾһߣȻܹۣȻΪȴһ㲻͡
֣ʥĿԺ֮ɫĸףһˣȴʥʳҪʥλϣʥʳԣҫ
ʥĸף˾һҪŬʥĿЩңûѡԸַ㣬ǺַˣڣַΪʵһˣΪľԺĵӣַĽǶôĻԻ͡
Ȼʥʥʳ֮ʳȴôˣϢ֮ʱʳԵøǣǿֽɱַ㣬ַľ츳ǿ̤ڶַصʥǸô
Ȼ֮أ֮ǲʥʥݡ
ҡҵ壬ǶʶԼǵʲôֲĴڣַ㣬Ȼܹȡһж£
ǶַôݣɱΧˣǼң˶νɱַж˳ޣ޷ƽϢֻڴַ棬ԶҪɳ
һԭȻǣʥݣ̤˾ǰʮϯλȷе˵ǰϯλ
ַ㣬һϯλ
ѧԺΪԺսѧԺΪַҫ
սѧԺķУַѾӷʧˣΪַѾҪ÷֪Ĵڣַԣ˵񣬼ķҲûбҪˣַ˵İ㣬֮Ҫͼ䵱һѧԺǾһԵ
мȺѧԺˣǶڷʯ֮ϣ߲㣬Ȼһַ֣㡣
Ƿʯ֮ϣֻһ仰һϯλ
һ򵥵ĻԴһС
ͬʱڷˮ⣬һ޴ĵ񣬿ŵˣȻַ㣬ʮɸߣ̻Ϊ˫ŷħ⣬·ҪƲ죬Ҫ£ޱȰ
˿̣һӰפ֮ǰվãôĿתĶŵƹ˺ܾãת뿪
սѧԺ츳ַǿƺÿնַһʱ䣬Ȼ߰ɣУַ㣬ѾΪĿꡣ
аֹˣŮӣ
ַʦ֣˧츳̫ˣԶҲ޷ϡ
ַʦ漣̤սѧԺãļŲһ˭ҲǣΨַʦ齨̨֮ԿҸڼ֮ƶԷûãڻʰʵսˣ̫ˣɳٶ޷󼰡
ҪܹΪַʦֵŮ˾ͺˣԶַʦߡһŮЩյ˵
أַʦֵʦ㣬ʳ˼̻츳ҲΪءŮȡЦ˵
ʱЦͻأֹסǵĿ⿴ԱһŮӣͬŮ㣬ޱȵĳϷ·
ΪŮ̲סһŮӺǰôû
Ůһ˭˵Ŀⶼ˹ŮӰˣֻǿǰĵ
㡣ʱһŮߣǳЦ£ѩĿת꣬΢ЦҲʦأ
þòʦЩˡС΢Ц˵˫ü罣Ӣˣչ¶ǿʡ
Ҷַʦֵĵӣ̨ˡ
Ŀ⿴ҶЩĽַʦֵĵӣַʦ̤۷壬ҶȻҲüΪǿɡ
˿̣գƲ֮Уλ߿¿յһĻĻϺŵ΢Ц
ϻƣҵ۹ûУңľ棬սѧԺǱ鼰ŷ׷ӿ߱վգ΢Ц˵
ƨַҷģʲôϵӵ˵Ŀмɫ
ŷƨѵǱַô߱˲䷭ˣ˿ʼ󳳣ܿ죬֮йƲضʹ¿յͷ͵һȻ̧ͷȥܿ죬¡
Ҳв۾ԼλȻ໥ָŶԷˣţʹ÷ƹ
۵Ļ⣬˰Ĩ˰ѺѧԺ𡭡Ȼ˭ȷַ츳
Ŷ֮⣬ϴվ֮УĿԶ·͸ذ㡣
Сһ֮壬ڳɳȻ޴ѹɣΪЩĳɳҪԼˡϴԶа
Ӧú;˰ɣҲȥ濴ˣļڣΪֻΪЩˣַ˳ɳΪƽԺ·
е¶һĨЦ⣬ƺܿġ
֮ǿԼ𵴵Դͷֻǣַ㣬һ


2218 ѹ
ѹȻûԤ߸ַɣΪַ̫ѹһǧ꣬תţɵ𣬱Ļƻ裬λߣһڡ
ˣĵһֱͣ˺ܶգֻͬĵţģһֿµѹЩ˿ɶǼΪֲĴڣ˭֪Ǻʱᷢ裬˵֮ʱޱȣȻ浽Ҫֵʱ򣬾û˻а
ôˣλôҪһ֮ˡʱĵǰʮλһ뢡
ȻϼһﲻȻ˴ˣҲﲻߡֻһƽЦԻ֮ûаΪƽ͡
ҲãȻλôĻ˴λһ棬һұҪ˵һȣһΣֵٰǰʮϯλ֮ˣӣ֪ǾͥǾ½ҷʮλӱɱҲԴӴ˽ɢˡ˰˵ּԣĳЩʱǼΪҪġ
㣬λѣܹҰɣĵ˵
ҪΣ˿ֻ̣һħһɨͬħ㣬ĵ
ܼ򵥣λǵЩĵеһλλҪĵӶ֣ɱһˣһ֮ҲԱȫһЩ档ĵƽ˵
ʱ¶һĨ˼ɫϼһЩʲôнĻʮҲֲһûУһ˵һˡ
ԡĵȱ̬Ŀз·̺һƬ𺣰㣬ȴġ
Ҳͬ⡣һλͬ⣬Ҫϼһ׸Ҳҽ˽
Ǻãλһɡĵôƽ·Զûв㡣
Ӱ˸һӰʧǿ֮أһӰ֮ϣԡ޾ǹ֮У˿̣һɫӰĳ˵ǰʱַ΢Цŵǰ
ַ㣬ǰ˵гһұΪӣȻ㲻һҪΪҵĵӣȻһʦɡԤ߶ַ͵Цַɫ£漴΢Цŵͷ
ʦ
Ԥ¶Цݣַַ㣬ղŵϢĵϷҪʮǿϯλһ档
ַüͷ΢΢£漴ɳȻаţġ
ʵǵǵһģǰͬʱԷҲҪĵӵɱеһˣҲһˣˣͿԸԸ⻻ˡԤ߼
ַɫ£ȻǲģĵȻǲԸôģȻȣԺͶԷģһ˻һˣ˭Ҳ޷նԷ˼ǵ׸ҲҶ֡
һϵĲĺͽ棬ԤƺģЦַ㣬Ѿ˰ţӦò飬ҪЩ⻯Ǻ⻯
ַ㿴Ԥߣûܱǽ֮壬Ԥ߶֪˵ǼϣˣûпʲôܹܵõҪΪɵĴڣΪ
㽫⻯ǰϾЩĶ۾⻯Ҫð䱾ǲùǱȻ̽Ԥ߳£ڵȴǰţַ㾹ȻȷǳŽɵķȥ
Ϲʱĩ֮ս󣬷ǿˣбһ˰ɣҲǸΪܹԼ۷塣
ַ㽫⻯漴˻ϵһ飬Ԥ߲ų֣ûַͬһǰҲ֪ԤߺַϵУȺɹ֮أǾ֮ʱһɨ˹ֱǸоĲ
ǿַ㶢Щľ֮ˣһоԼǰվһħĿ֮ģ·ҪڶԷǰ
ôһˣڴ˿̣һĮַеȷһˣģǰʮϯλ֮Уֻоˣڡ
±ʦǿⰲźõİɣԷһִǽ֮壬ַ֡а
ѾĵˣȻĵƽ˵
˻⣿
ﱻλɱ֮УоȫԸǽߣΪֲǷǽȥ̫硣ĵƽ˵ʹȺɫһ̫硣
͵̫ĵĮʵ
ʱ⣬̫֮ءĵӦһʹɫ˲佩Ӳ
ˡɫԽԽ
Ҳšħĵħ
ĵ΢΢һЦ漴ƻӶʱ֮ϣһƬĻ˼ӰǼӰѾĺʱ֮أĵɫڱˡ
ǾȻｻ̫磬Ƿ
Ҳ֮Ѿûйϵľ˶Ҫʲô⣬ʲôһǵĵͬ顣
ĵƽ˵ʹЩ£ַǡ
ʱ⣬֮أʲôطַеǻ˲СĴִۣת֮ˣǱ㶼ȥעַ㣬ɳɻٳߵУϾֶˣᱩ¶ԽĶ˻ɡ
ڴ˿ַֻ̣оԴһͫ漴ֻʶ֮Уʱƽ֮ϣϿգһƬɽ壬ĵվ棬˫޾ɨ̲סͷݺݵĲţĲ
¡ǻĵһַĿ⽩Ӳ͸ſֲĲ֮⣬˫ŲȻȴȻֻ˫ŶԷɫ䡣
Щĵֲ̫һҶ޷ܡַ޴ĲԷѹꡢѹ־
ĵ߸ϣϿոҪͷ
ߣ
һַ֮֮УʱоǾ·һƻҪȥ̽
ʱһʹûĵɫһǻĵӡ
Ҫǵļ䣬ұҲӵļ䣬һЩÿĹ֮ģĪ֣ĵĴʹû£վֹͣ˼ַ֣ȴһûкܣ·һɽѹţϵĻĵվǣĶشҵĻشһҼ㲻ϧһλҲҪɱ㡣


2219 ǰη
μӾ֮ǰƬأĵѹַ㣬ֱӻصַ֮У𵴲ݡ
½ַƽӦ½в۵Сޣʮ꣬磬֪֮ǿŬУ³ǰѾʮأ̨̤֮ͥϡ
ĵַ㣬ǹַԼϵѹʼմţʮأ۷֮磬츳ʵֵÿޣȻǵ˾ǴСһȷʵѵãٶ䲻죬ʤǿͣòһϯλ֪Ƿһ˿ܻ
ֹʲôٶʵַɫӲüͷ壬֪Էһ۾̫ܿණҪýȫ
Ҵ˺ֲܶͬĹǰС繦Ÿħž飬һֱ죬ٲħ꣬ʹͬǿ֮жռݺܴƣħ֮⣬ĹžԼһЩΪӡַĻشʵֻһЩؼĶȻȫг
˱һ¡һַо궯ݣıѪɫ԰ףٲħӵô
ڤս֮Уɱһλħƺǹħ壬õһͨħ󷨣ܹ֮ͬ£дַĿ⼫ȻɻӦԷΪ磬ĵǰͬһ߸ϣǿϰ㣬пԷʱ
ڣʲôԷǿѹǣԷĵľްƿ֮һӵȨַ㣬ʲô
ЩˣǣҲ֮ʱһֻ
⣬Եɺϣ½ʥյʥսеõ˼ʥУǿ󡣡ַ㲻ȶԷʣ˵ĵվգַ㣬ɫƽа룬츳֮ıȻǷǳ͵ģٶȲ죬ԵҲ²һˡ
㣬ĵóǰ˺ʱ⣬̫Ľ֮أĵûзκһܣÿһ̽һˡ
ĬƬ̣ͻأ䣬ĵһɱһ¡¡Ŀֲ潫ַַֻоԼ֮Уʱܻ
ˣһµĲַϣַֻоĵֻ̤ʶԺ֮У·ȼգŭħ֮й˳Է͸Ų֮⣬Էһ򵥡
ˣһַ̤屻ñˣȼ·ֻҪԷһͷܻΪҽַΣҲĵѹȣּԵŰɱ
ĵŲǰڶԷӵǰ͵һʱһ·Ҫǵ꣬Ƿ͵죬¶ҽС
һһĵź֮⣬ûȥַˣֻҪЩһɱ֣Ҳɱ
ߡһɱƬգֻһλӰڿն𣬿ڵѣҿ̫ܽ絽ʱ
ĵͬʱڿգɱַˣͬԤ߶ַ˵Ȿһģ޷϶᲻ɱ֣ĵҲһԷ޷ԤǷɱֵģҲ汻ǷһЩţֱɱеĳˣЩеһˣԣǷռһģգǷ֡
ЩӣĵЩһһ޹⣬ҪɱЩˣҲǵĵȥ
ȻⲢȫ˶ԷļˣǶһֱţ̫ʱеĳҲᶢš
ˡĵƮȻȥǵĵҲ뿪ĵȥӰãв˿תĿ⿴ˣˣ̤ǳΣա
΢΢Ƿ£Ҳ˵ˣʼĩԤȸ֪ǣˣǲأĵ˵ǻкλԡ
ǣжʣηĽǳô
ɻעûܹ𣬶ڤĿ⣬ڲ䣬ƺһַ㣬գСʱԤߣѡַ㣬⣬Ƿζʲô
˷׷뿪ߣǿ֮УΪŨǳΪ·Ϊַר֮أԤ߳ַ£Ǹһ䣬Ŀ⣬ȴ뿪ϣ׼ͳȥԽ⻯ھͥżȥ߶֪һֱڣıͻһ磬ݣɣ
ַ㣬ΪΣԤ߿ַ㡣
ãҲġַ˵ͷ˴γȥʾ𲻹飬ѩѹͬһΡɽѹϣΨƿǸո̤һʱ䣬̫ȣΣ׼һʱ䣬½
һվԤָǰǳ磬½ڤ硢С磬Ҫǰη
ڤ硣ַûκԥĵ׼ǰڤ磬ͳิգ⣬ѪծҲóˡ
ǰڤĻĵصһɹ֮صսУȿǰڤ磬Ҳͨ½Ԥ߻Ӧ
ַ˵ͷȻսգսɼǵãа飬Ҳô˵ģǼһӦ̫磬̫Ҳֱͨ硣
ʱԤʵ
ʦٹգұֱӳǰַӦ˵
Ƚػ졣Ԥߵ˵ͷȥˣ·Լߣĺܡ
סַͷ漴Ԥ뿪ߡ
΢գַ뵽֮УǰһӰɢſֲϢɽʥһʶڲϵ׳ͳַ࣬ڤ縴չϾǺɽʥͬɽʥҪһγʱĸչ̣ǣҩܿǻָ
Ϣǿò˶ãɽʥǰܹ׳һʶ׺ںսսȵڤˣȥһˣҵ½һƾ׷۷֮·
ַаţĿȷľͨ͸һ䣬ֻΪ̤죡


2220 ٻս
ɹ֮أսɱϣ𣬹ĻȪ֮ˮ¿ÿһ͵˹ͬºˮ޽̵ʬ޴档
Ƭ½ͨڤսûֹͣɱǻɫĺ֮УԶ޷̵֪˶ǿߵʬ
˿̣սĳطŮΧˣɫѿϢǿᣬħ·ʳ֮Ұް㡣
ʦ֣ǵÿֲһ˵ȻܹͨĹ˵Ǹô죿ʱһŮӶԵλӴ˵ʱԵúܲ԰
Ȼ˿Լ飬ɫΪÿ
û뵽ɹ֮ظոտǾҪ棬Լ̫ԴˣȻֱս⼸˸ɱսһͷȻǼΪˡһŮϵϢ츳ǳطѾѧԺķ֮ϣӵõǰ;
ûа취ֻһͬһɱȥһѪ·ˡһ˵˷׷׵ͷ漴صķͬʱ̤Ǳɱȥ
Ȼλǿħ˲£ÿһ˺һȭʱֲȭâᴩƬռ䣬¡¡Ŀ첻ϣֵͨԷӰѾȫ£ѹȵСĿռ䣬ͼȫɱ
ʼգ˶δ˵ħһҫ۵ž䣬˶Ϊħ˥Ȼʵǡ෴ĹħԽԽǿᣬﲻӿ֣ħ츳׻Ҫֲ̫࣬·Ѿӵζħ£ħ˿ɵ
ڴ˿̣Ͽգ֮ϣһǿʢϢ£ʹùħǿ߻Ȼ̧ͷ漴ǿһ֮ɽ£֮¿ս١
ӽħǿͫڵ֮оǿµķ֮⣬µ֮ɽпֲǿ
ӡȺͫ·ŮʱһԣҲ̧ͷϢȴӽµ֮ɽ
ˣֻӰֱɽȥֲȭâ̺µɶ¡һ죬֮ɽͻأ䣬֮£һɫӰһϯͬħ֮㣬ɨأ֮ǿ᲻һ
ַΧһۣȻҲһЩȺڣȴδô⣬а̾Ȼս棬ңƬռͶݱֱܹӴһЩˣż飬ԣһЩ޶ԣǼΪҪı
ϵĺɫƮַ㿴һ۷漴Ŀ⿴ڤһͷڵķ׼
ڴ˿̣һַüͷ΢ţֻһŮĿⶢϵϢгų羴һĽ֮⡣
ַʦ֡Ů죬ʱַȫǿµħ⣬ͬһħ㣬ϳˣⲻ̺Ϸ֮ôǰʱգսѧԺʥݶΪַը˹ַ㣬˵żһº˲ʶ
ַʦ֡ɫȻţɹ֮ؿ֮ǰǵõһϢսѧԺΪʥ˶׷ԸսѧԺУհַ֮ɣһ֮ˣǺε
һΣû뵽ɹ֮أȻ˱ˣңַʦ֣Ӷε
ǼħǿɫأŵϢǰ⼸˶ʦ֣¶𾴵ɫ·ǳݴˣʵ˸ͬһΡ
ɱһĮĺһħǿ³ֻһ̤̺Ŀֲȭͷַɱ˹ȥһɰԾһеİԵ֮·ܹѹأ˵ʵǿ󣬺ַһλħ൱˵ɹ֮صУԺɨһˣǳ֮
ַĿȻ䶢ţµӷ·͸һУʴԷ־ֲɱ֮ڶԷԺʹǹħǿɫ˲úȻһ֮ƣȻܹоõʵж¡
ַֻ̧ƣ漴һۣ̼䣬Է̺ȭͷֱӱУԷ壬ͻأ佩ӲյУַʵ̤֮սʱǿ̫̫࣬һģǹħľٶȳǰһױɨɱӣȻȴǺַ㣬ȡһϯλҲҪĵŵܺ⡣
ǿһĻʹЩŵɫȫǿ̶ȣֱš
ַʦ֡һλŮӺ£ɫԵöЩˣǾһķô
ӡǹħǿߺһһȭͷַ˳ȥȻַԥֱӸһȭͷ첻ϣֱֱӱ˺ѣֱԴ䱬ʬ峯ŹĻȪ£ֱȪû
ߡǼħǿɫҰףһ˵ͳ³һ漴ҪӣȻַĿȻתɱ֮˲ϯһˣֱ걻ӡ¿׹ȥͬʱַŲ̤һȭ䱬ܿ죬ͬʱ¿յĻȪ׹䣬ֱױȪûʧӰ١
¡սѧԺ˿ڿˮһڼ츳ףȻ˿ַչʵԼ;żĲжôĿֲ޷Խĺ蹵
ַʦ֣ǿλŮǰ಻ϵţ¡
սΣգҪ̫СַĿ⿴һۼˣ漴Ųǰ̤ȥܿʧǰ
ǶսַʦѵҪһ֮ɱȥͷ˲
սУɱϣַһ·мսƬ̤ڤĵ̣ͷϳ۵ӡ⡣
ߡһڱԵԥڤǿ߿ַͨм֮һͷһַ֮ȥȻַֻһۣ޾˲ȫӡȥڶԷ̼䣬峯¿׹ȥ
ţ˵ĿԶ漴Ƿ׷ɫĮǿʢ֮Ϣַ󽣾ǰӰֱ֣ӽնɱ֮⻮գɱͬʱƻӶ䣬ĺɱ¾֮ӣһӰû漴ʧӰ
ַĿȻתǰеֻ˫ڵ̺ϰԵ֮ȺɫӲŲȻֹסһ񣬶Ǹо޷ܣĿŶԷȥ


2221 ʬɽ
޾սַĳֲδ̫Ĳֻǣ֮ʬۣ˿ַҪƾһɱȥǿǰɱȻȴ׷ַУ˾̾ģֻһ޵ħӰ
˿̣һվգţĿ⿴ǰʧħ⣬ĿַɱһȺڤ缡ʢڤţǰȥַ㣬Ȼһʣȫ˵УǴ˴δȥȻ䶯ǺεȵĽ۷徳ܹ֮ӵеô
ǿֻҪһκˣ޷赲Ĳһţһֱپı֮С
һͷôһ˿µ
ʱַƿֲ֮⣬˫·Ѷ֮Уһ˾
˲ǰɱַӡֱӴûܹ赲Ĳ
ַ֮վһɽۣ֮֮Զû뵽˲ɣɹ֮ؿãҪȥҪһʱС
ϥַϣ·ƬΨһ˶ѡ
ʱ˺Хַͷӡ⣬ǵ̣ɱ˸һôĵӣһȻţĿŵĳϥֱĿһУκ˷̫ˡ
Ȼǿµһ߾ʬǣʱȺֳǰ˵ʵǼΪµģ
ȺԽԽַ࣬㣬໥ɱҪַһɱǵĳ衣
ɱĵ
һг֡Ⱥ׷Ӧ漴ɽ۵ַɱȥʱַȻſǰ֮˲ҽһ·䣬峯¿׹䣬ֱӱַһɱ
Ⱥ£ɫĮ
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ַޱ飬ֻɱ֮ܣʮӡȻ仯һɱ¾֮Űɱ˹ȥ֮䣬֮ϯأֻҪЩҪǹ֪жô¡
Ų׹ǿߣЩŵȺֻоţ־壬ôô£
ַ建վɫƮһ̣֮Ψһˣ˵һ촫ַĽŲһ죬˵ͷʱַٶȻصɽ֮ʱضʬǡ
Ȼһжδֹͣɲ˴Զ
֮ɽܱߣʬɽؼ·һε֮ƣ֪ж
֮ɽΧݲ䷽Բ֮أû
ʮ֮ɽΧİ֮أޣ֣ΪˣֻҪ̤뵽Ƭ򣬾͸о޷ܣ·Ҫ㣬ʵǿˣҲ޷У⣬֪жô¡
Ƭ򣬷·Ϊ˽أأγɣû˸̤㡣
ʱɹ֮ظ׼عڤ磬˾ۼƬ֮⣬棬·Ҫ֮
˵һǿ۷κ˶ܲһʮǿʬǣѻɽǿ֮Ϊء
һսһߵˣǿ󲻿һûֻܹҪ͵
ߣ֮Ȼʲôϵôͬ˵ô˲˵
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֮Ƭؿռ䣬񣬶ɹ֮¿֮գѾԽԽˡ
һգƬأ޾֮ڷĻʹô£ط·Ҫʧ
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ϵĶ¶ܳΪһءȺͷ𶯣˭һеġ
ڣ֮ص֮ȫȥ֮ǿɽ֮ϣһӰǣǰһ֣޾֮壬·ܹ֮컯
ǵӰ£Ҳ޲ǿµ֮Ϣ񣬶
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ȷֲѹ֣˶ʬǣĶѻɽǸҶ֣¾·һ
ˣַܵĿ£ʱַ㣬Ŀⶢǰʥ飬֮¶һĨ֮ɫа컯ɣǿ󣬶֮컯һ컯ʥ飬ͨĵ۱Ҫ
ʥʳʥˣǧС컯ʥ飬һʮ컯ʥ飬ǸǺεȵܣʵжô£ֱšַа룬漴ֻһۣʱ컯ʥʧûڣͬʱַվһΧɹ֮һ֮ڣҪ˰ɡ
ַŲ̤ǰ֮ˣ׷ÿһ·ɱǲ𣬼һˣΪΣȴܽڤóȵزǷ켫Ҫǰڤ
ȵַ뿪֮˵۾¶һĨɫʬ壬һ߾ʬ壬ǿµ϶бôʬǣ˶ٱ
ȻһУַƺѾûõһϯλ̤֮Уĵѹȣַ㾭̫࣬Ҫģϵǿʵ
վڤĳ֮أַɫû˸ȥΪܣѾ˺ܶʬ壬ЩˣδӽԷѾˣԷ˻վǣˣڤǿڣʵ֮ǿӹɣһЩе裬ҪǰȻǵˣΨ
Ǹʲôо̾
̫ˡ
ˣԶַ㣬ֻԶԶĿţ²ʲôַ㣬Ҳôվǣĵȴֱɹ֮һοַĽŲϿ̤ȥͬһ㡣
޴Ͽ֮أַ˳ֱ̤ȥûƬ̵ͣԶܿԶϿȵһ֮ϣ΢΢ͣ£Ƭռ䣬ϣ˻Ӱһʱϱãܿ죬ͻһףӰֱ뵽嵱Уڤ硣ֱַӳε۳ڵķȥ


2222 
ε۳ǣ֮⣬Ӣս̨ȱս֮ˣսʤ֮ˣΪӢޣܹ̤Ϊε۳ǳеһλõԴӵи鱨ܹиõɳռ䣬ңӢս̨һ
Ȼܹȡðսʤսɲס
Ӣս̨Ĺ̨ϣӰǣܱ֮˶ԵøĹΪеλӣڤε۳ǳеһλͳˣӸλʵǿƿһ
ںͳԣȻŮ
ѾλʾΪӢˬʷǷȥռְ·˼֮
λʵľӢսΣЩҲܹ㿹⣿ͳ΢Ц
ɡ΢΢ͷȻȴԵЩĲɣ״˴ִǰ̨սȻȴڲǸˣλս̨սʤսΪȶԷǿȻûãɹսȴ𺳵ķ֣ѾԷ˦˲֪Զˣϴξɹսˡ
ʲôͫ׿ŮЩ񲻶ɵʵ
ף㻹ǵͳ𣿡˵ͳɫһ΢΢ͷȻǵãǼһ̫ϧˣϣǣǲҪ˵ˡ
ֻ֪ǣַûڵ֪ʲôʵˡƽ˵ʹúͳɫ΢ͳҪַ̫࣬ϧˣַ츳ȷʵ˵ɹսһЩ顣
ַˣսȷʵܿ£ͬ纱е֣ܹôµģԡͳ૵Ҳյꡣ
ʱھԶһ֮Уַ˽ƣǰһ껯ϢƮ죬֮֮УһλŮôĴϾ
ַ֮УյСƿӣһ֮ɫҺΣΪܷ⣬ûκϢ͸
ࡣַ㿴Ǳ壬Ʒ棬Ȼ£ʱ첻ϣ漴һŻѾ֮ͬʱڻ彥¶
ַһϢӿڣϾͬʱƿʱһʶȥ̼䱻յһʥĹ⻷֣ʹϷ·ſֲ֮⡣
ҩַһȻ֪಻⣬Ȼţһɹ⻷֣޸ÿһλ꣬ҩֻʣһʶĹʥָܹο࣬ûκεѹ
ϣǹɹ⻷Ϣϵϴ壬ܿ죬ӣӿֹ󣬽һƺ֮Ϣ
һĻַ¶һĨЦ⣬Ӧòˣ漴һƿҲͬĻ֮ϣͬģһǿʢޱȵŻ
ַվһԣĿǰһУһЩʱ̣ë΢΢˶ʹַҲ֮˲漴˫ɾ۾ƺһĨãɫѾ
ɾת漴࿴Աߵַ㣬ͷ΢΢һ
ַ㡣
ɻã𣿡
ַ㲻ϵҡͷ۽֮ϣ˲õ΢Ц࣬ѾûˣȫûС
ţɫһ漴Ӷ˶˿Ϣ֮ȣоľ
ֿԼɫ΢΢һǣ׵Ϣ
·뵽ʲôµ㣬ɫ˲ɷףַ㣬Ҹ
ͳҲḴյģһѾ˲ҩַЦŻӦɫһҩḧâҫֻ֮ϣһӰΡ
ࡣһͨ£ɵӰף໹ΪҲ㡣
ַ㣬лͳĿ⿴ַ㣬ҺõҩԶ޷
ɫ£ͳ죬۾ǿߣ˵޷ַϵҩɼַΪ˾ĸף˶ô֮
ǲ⣬ѾȻˣַҩڶݵʱ䣬޸еһ˺ۣĸףƺҲβ࣬
壬ҩҲվֻҩôܹᲢַۡЦŵοΪң࣬Ҳ˵һеΣϲŶԡ
ôܹ㡣ͳ΢΢ҡͷ彥ʵȴ෴ı
ַ㣬ͳʵ
ε۳Сַ㿪˵ʹͳ඼£ε۳ǡ
²Źǰɡ
Ѿȥˣ˴һΪġַĮ˵һĨɱ
ͳ΢΢ҡͷַ㣬츳ףȻлԵŵõҩϾľ绹֮ҪԸܣǳϵˣҪɱѣûлᡣ
ַҡҡͷ壬˴ڤ磬ɱ֮뿪ǰȥ½ɱа취
д㣬ұ㲻㣬ʲôҡͳ쿪˵
壬кδ㣿ַʵ
ҿܷټţڤʮƿʮǣֻε۳ǡͳӦַͷ˴ڤ磬Ϊ˽ͳ֮£ͬһ̰һֱͷȻҪȽȻŷſһУǰȥ½ͻƵ۾ʵǿ֮󣬻̫飬ȥ
㺮ѩ塢
ַͳԼãͳѾ׻ָҲַ㵣ģһַ̣˻Ӱٶȸıòε۳ǳڵķȥ
֮䳡ɽ˺εۺսε۳ǵҲӰ죬䳡ϣȱǿߡ
ȻˣԵû̫£źͳףǻȥɡ
ôôٿһսǱذɡͳҡͷЦʱλ̨֮ϣһӰս̨Ƥ𪣬ݣΪʼյͷһ޷˵Ϣͳɫһ֮ɫŴˣʵ²򵥡
˺ͳһۣҲ֪ΪλΪ
Ķһλֶκ˿̵Ѿȡ˶ʮʤսŶԷ
£ӰŶԷ˳ȥ
ǰŵͷȻ̧һڵ֮⳯ŶԷȥ̼彩Ӳ˶޷壬ڲ
Լȥ³һɫңûκֱս̨˫ȣڲţоԷһ񣬾ɱ


2223 ǿưʤ
ս̨ϹһĻʹȺ޲һѾ뿪ĺͳԼҲ¶µɫ
ףƺĺ˵һʵĿһս̨ϵ꣬ȻԼʵУȻԸһȡöʮʤսˣҪһЩģȻˣȴ׾ٵĽԷʵһǿ
ЩҪս˵ȻҲףˣսʤһ֮һʱ侹ûս̨
Ȼַ㣬˿̻֪ںδֻͨսʤ̤뵽ˡ
ʱһս̨Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ԷϣɵЩգ̫վ̨ˡ
ָ̡˿˵漴ʱַ۾Ȼſֻоһ˫ڵ֮ʴԺ֮У˫֮·̺˿µ֮⣬ϵ֮ڱᣬռݣһᵽ˱Ĵ·Ҫ㣬һ̣׸ղΪǰս̨
ȥַֻ³֣ʱɫһ޾֮صԺ֮У壬תս̨·ȥ͸ղ˼һ
Ⱥ³ˣùһһԷȥˡ
սˡ
˼ַ㲢δº֣һЩʵΪ˶볢һģˣַʤĲܿ졣
֮Сɣܸܿͳ쿴ս̨ϵַ㣬ΪԷĳ֣ʱû뿪
Ѿʮʤսˣûֿܹһ𣿡ʱɫӲʵҲѷǳƿص˵⣬ǣֵǰʵƺԵЩֵһˡ
ĪȥˣĪ˵ʵǼΪ֮ܿ£һսӦûܾʰɡ
Īˡˣ漴ҡҡͷĪ˵ʵ൱ȻΪԻܶԷӦòڱһˡ
֮Ī˶ַ㣬Ҳó֮ˣǳְɣĵû̫á
Ļ£ַлȻ䱬µ⣬̼䣬һƿֲӡֱӳ·ֱ֮УĪֻоһ⣬ó֮ʱҲһ
ˣַ̤һĪǰôŶԷ
һҽĪֱһƨ˵ϣ·˼ȿ־㡣
һĻȺһţĪ˴żѿɫȥַһ۾ֱս̨뵽Ⱥ֮ʧ
ǵ͹ʵеĸ¡ͳɫһڵ֮Ѿ̤Сɾˣλ۷徳ˣԵǿĻ޷Ტۡ
ĵͷˣҲǼΪĿ£һʱ򣬼ֱͬһϯ˲佫ûɱλʾǿϲһɱ
ǰˣҲ֮ǳֻΪ˻֣ܶûº֣ҪɱԷĻҲ׾١
սɳʮʤʮʤֱʮʤʼûж֣һһͷһ㹻ɱеĶ֣ɨһС
ʱȺѾľε۳ǵУ߳һЩ
ͳ졢аͳ죬ͳɱħε۳µһλͳ֮һȻˡ
ȺЩϹ̨аݣ֮ĺ䶯ܴǿȡʤս˺ܶ࣬ûܹȵز̫ˣҲǿ߶̫ࡣ
ͳ͸ſ֮ѪѪɫģͬ񣬾˽ʱֶƽվڹ̨ϣߣкüλͳ죬ʵΪ
ͳ΢΢ЩľһﾹȻˡ
ַĿⲻ䳯Ź̨ϿһۣЦһЩΪɱ֮Ҫε۳뿪ڤ磬ɹ֮ѾպϣͨĻҪһ֮ٽɹ֮أһҪٴһ꣬һܿʱ⣬̫ˡ
ڤ磬ɱֻΪ˽ͳ飬ⲻǹϵԼĶԵȵʵǿ
ǼʤַѾʤʮ߾֣ûܹ֡
ǣȥͳ쵭˵ʱֻһɫ֮һ̤ս̨һɿֲѪַȥ·ܹ׽ɱ
ǰǣǰͳĵմӣ츳ףҲǰͳδӰˡ
Ȼǰǣ˵ڤĿˣʵĿ£ĵǰǵ밢ǵɱ
ַϸĿһ۳ǰǿߣ˵ʵƺΪ
ǾȻˣ˵ʤҪսˣʵΪ
Ȼ˶ַ֪ܿ£ǣǲܹ̤ʵεȵε۳ǣҲҲܹġ
Ƕַ㣬û˵ͻأ䣬һɿµĵַϣһַ̣оԼ·һѪɫĵεУҪ޾Ѫ¾ɱǵ·Ҫ뵽ַ嵱УַɱոѪ⡣
ַɫ£һʱ޾ӡƾոַ֣Ųǰ̤֮͸һУԷԺ֮У
ɱһѪɫİǵ·ɱ¾иַ꣬Ȼַֻһʮӡ޾ŶԷȥ
һŲǰƻʮѪ¡һµ죬Ƭط·һѪɫĳŶԷ˹ȥµ˼㡣
ǰǡȺͷ΢ȻַֻһȭѪɫĺ鳱Էѣ˴˳ȥ֮ӡҲֱӳ棬Ѫɫ鳱йǰУ̫ˡ
Ҳ뵽棬ǺɫӡȫĳĵĿ°ǵɫʱüΪľ
ַһʮӡ˫ʱѪ⻯һʮ֮⣬赲ʴ
ӡֱӶȥַŲ̤ȭͷֱӺȥ¡ı첻ϣֻоһɿµ屬ˣȻ˿޾ӡѾΧסðɫ࣬Ұˡ
ѪʧͷҲص뿪ս̨ʹȺΪ𺳣δ̫ǿ˰ɣȻû֪Ǻˣǿİǣܣ·һġ
սʤַ׶ȡ˿̨̹ϣһϤӰȻǣŰͳԼǱ˻֮ˣ


2224 ɱ
ͳ쿴ַ㣬ɫƽȴΪ𶯣սÿ£ǵԶֹС֮ˣܿܣѾﵽ˴ɵزʾ罫ɾأôȵ̤˵۾أ
˿̣ڹ̨ϣѾкüλͳˣǶַ츳Ķ
ʲô֣ʱͳ쿪ʵ
ַ㡣
ַ㣿£ͳ죬ˣԶɫһĿбһ⣬ս̨ϵӰƬ֮Լˣַ㣬òȫͬ
Ҳа
ַ㣬ûȤҵİ޵ţҿΪӡͳ쿴ַ㣬ɫƽĵʱ˵£ε۳ǿͳ֮һİͳ쾹ȻҪմΪӣȻ츳ǿЩǿߣϲ
ַ㣬ȷʵ츳밢޾š
ͳ죬ε۳Уͨ½ڣַĿ⿴ǰƽʵⰢͳĵλƺܸߣվλö͡
ţͳ΢΢£½Ǻˣ
ʲô˼ͳü
ûʲôѾʦˣҶԼε۳ҲûȤ˴ǰΪġַûмʣǿʹɫ£ɫȻøľˣַ㣬ңġ
һͬҪ㣬һɡַƽ˵漴תֱֱ̤뿪ߣȻƺԼε۳ǣΪŵһԱûκεȤ
ɫӲͬˣͺͳɫҲΪľַ㣬Ǽһ
ټţߡԵһ漴ĽŲַ̤ͬһȥһʾҪԷʲôı
ַ㣬ɱҶ׿Ȼһͳ컯شַ㣬ʹַѵĴ׷ɱûҵַ
ҲȥͳҲַȥͳ춼м£Ų̤һˣ׷׸ַ㣬ε۳ǵĳλ̤ȥ
ߡܶ˶棬ַ㣬ΪҪߣ֪Ǻ顣
ַ㲢δ̫Զ̤ͣһԺ֮У̤գĿⶢǰַ㣬һ䷿С
Ƭ֮һ֨ѽ촫ֻмӰ˳һ̣ͫ׶Ȼˡ
ôܣɫ䣬¶ŵɫǰӦóֵˣӦѾŶԡ
ͳ죬ѾתΪδ˿̣ȴվǰ࣬ôܲ
գĿַϣɫ䵽˼£ɱӣղˣ㣿
ӭ֮ǡַ΢Ц£漴ձã̼䣬Ƭռ䣬·һǱ嫵ĹųǱȫֵ档
ǡռǱգ֮ǣ
ͳ඼ˣ֮ǵģȻһµıַ㣬ʲôԲҩǸգܳ׸ͷ棬ȫһˣٻ֮ǳĿռǱĵ۱
磬ͳҲˣȻֻһƬԻðĿռ䣬·һƬ󷨡
ÿµĴþ棬Գ˿ռ䣬ʲôˣͳҲˣǰĴþоҪˡ
󷽣һ֧ŹΪ֮˿һĻɫӲŰͳͳˣܷ֮ơ
ͳ쿴һۣʲôûϲε۳ǵĵϵǣںԼ飬޹أңַĿŵĴӵȱͨˣҲǳ򵥡
ߡǾŵͳûгֵ˼žųǰһſƬþſµĹȻһֹĻ·һ⣬ûãǵԶƲ֮ǵΧĻңǿĻþ֮£Ǽٵġ
˿С֮ǵУַͳ壬С֮ǣܹʥ۾ĹǺʥۼǿ߲ƿ飬˴ǡ
֮ǣͻӰһʦԤ͸ͬǱֶΣˣֻ֪һþ֮أ֪ʲôȻ֪Ҳûйϵþһϯλд˽ҲΪ档
壬ɱһӦûɡַĿ⿴ͳ죬˵ͳ컯ش˵Ѿ˼꣬Ȼʵнǰ
ͳ΢΢ͷǰɱ֮Ʒ֮֯Уһ
Ҫɱˣڡַĵ
ɫΪѿͬпµϢͷŶ˿̣ҲܻţȶԸͳС
˵ս˲ϢַԤϵǰ㣬ʵûнˣڴʱַһϢ֣˵ʵˣȻҪɱ࣬»Ǻ׵ģַ㲻ò
ַԼϣͬпµϢ򷨽֮֯ڣȫΪ
ǧ֣ÿһ·𶼻Ϊֲɱϵĳ꣬ɫܿò԰ӵɱԽԽ£ȥǳ
ַ㡣Ȼ䳯ַ˹ȥͳֻпģң֮ǵı
ɱһͷֲĹ˲䣬λһ磬ַ˹ȥ
һһµķ򹥻գַնַ֮ͬʱ޾ʮӡ·һֲì޼᲻ݵȻ䳯ɱɱһɿì֮Ӱأǰᴩ
ôܣɫ˲࣬ǿȵĹôܳһ֣֮Ѿܹвˡ
˯ַķ˲任ηֻоӷ·Ҫ˯ɱ
ŭһ˲ϢԼ˹޾Ĺȫţ¡¡ŰìըѵȻȴ˹ȵףһֱӴ壬µŰݻһС


2225 ɽ
ݻһеŰڣıı仯
𡭡һ³ɱ񱩵ĳַȥ
ַ⣬޾ӡͬʱüĵзӿ˳漴ϵըѴݻٵͬʱˣȻʵУǸΪֻۣͨҪڣַܹĴݻ١
һַ㶼סˣˣѾעͳһֱԴϣֱ֮Уͬʱ屻ֱӴݻٵֻһ޴ֱӻ֮У궼Ϊ
ַ㡣ַŭ𣬷·޲ýַһ̵Ϊ¡
ͳһһ֮ϣʹ·ʱʧ㡣
ַŲǰ֮꣬˫۾ڸо˿־;
ε۳ǵѪˣǾҵ˵ɱҡ˵ʱѾ飬ȻȴҲֻܽε۳ǰ׳ˣַͳûֻһǰһߣǹ֮Ϣʹ΢΢š
Ҫʹȥشң˭ֱܴӴε۳̤½СַĿڵ
ҴȥӦ˵Ļ£ʱַһſµħ𣬳Ϣвͳ죬˻ӣѣڵӱǾһͳҲѾˣǶһ˿ҩܹǸգŶͳԼ࣬»һֱΪеһᡣ
ַָһʱħе˹ȥ˲佫ζûĲҽ꾭ħ˿Ǻεȵʹࡣ
ѵΪԼַܻ䵽˼£Ųǰģ겻ôҵģһʹĽ෴ƭңһһֱʹ࣬ȴԶ𡣡
Ļ·ʹж󺮷磬޷ܣε۳ǳȷͨڣ˵Ҫҵƿصظ֮ŵĴ˾У˾ε֮ӵȨͳ֮һظ֮ţܿҲͨͨһ㲻ʹãΪ֪½˱ȻǼ츳ԼϵˣҪȥĻҲֻпԼֶΣɹ֮ɱȥ
ַĻٻأ漴Ŀ⿴ͳ죬ֻͳ΢΢ͷڵ˾ε۳еȷӵϵȨ
˾ʲôΪַʵ
ܶǰѾ۷徳ʥˣ񣬲֪ûܹͻʥ۵ƭַ㣬Ӧ˵
ڤ磬Գһ磬Ϲʱڵǿߵһڤ񿪱٣;½һµܻ½ڤ缸֪һĴڣټԾͥΪ磬γȺ壬ڤȺ壬ڤʮԼɣ磬Լʮǣƿʮ˵УʮȻʥ˲ε˾ʮ֮µʵȻ¡
ַ㣬ε۳Ǽǰļλͳ죬ʥ۷ͳǵͳ죬ʵɲ⣬˾ƿͳ죬Ϊʥ۾ܿѾɾ˰벽ʥˡͳ˵ַҪͨ˾ȥһ磬뷨ʵЩƣ̫ðˡ
벽ʥôַ૵һ漴ͳ壬ǰȥ½˵ǰ㣬ټţǡ
ͳ༴ڤ磬ҲܼǳΪһͳѡַȻʲô
ʱû뿪ڤĴ㣬˷׼ǰúߣȡ̤ʥ֮ٵȥͳӦһ漴Ŀֿ࣬ʵ࣬Ҫ£ǺַǰһƬ½
ʱַѾˣͳĻһĨɬ֮⣬΢΢ͷƺ£̧ͷɾĿ⿴ַ㣬΢ЦһǺ͸ɣַ㣬аܹǰһƬ½𡣡
ַ˵ͷȻͳ˾ֻףǡ
壬࣬ҵһλǰǰε۳ǳͬʱǲ׼Ϊǣεǻӵġַƽ˵ֻһ֪ٴѪ˶ѣұҲûʲô̫ǿĳɳռˣε۳ǳΪһӡ
΢΢ͷ漴ַٶȿ꣬˾˿̻ε۳ǳ𣿡
Ӧڡͷ
ַ㣬Ҫˡͳƽ˵ַ˵ͷ漴ߵһϥͳֱӽɱ¶񶾵Ļ
ͳ콫Ŀַ㣬ֻʱַһ棬һЩʱ̣ɢٶȳ֮ʱַӰȴȻʧȡ֮ģһֲľӰ
ǿͳɫݺݵĲ£Ϣÿ£ַеǰôôַ˿ģ
һͳаһѹвҩԼ֮ȱַϣ̫漣
ɽվ漴һУ̼䣬֮ʧͳɫ£ʲô֮ǲַΪֵҲ֮ٻء
˿Ѿ˲ӰǵĿͬʱ˲䶨ɽʥϡ
ÿֲһ񣬾޷ܵˡ
ͳ죬Ŀⶼǣʥ֮Ϣ
ǰͳ죿ַĿֱ˰ͳ죬ƽ˵֮䣬ʹðͳĿһͣǵģǰ
ǰͳƴΪǰȻǿµ
ʥ˼ģε۳ǣȻһλʥ
ͳĿ𺳣ַںδ
ַʧͳྐྵȻͬʱʥ˼֡


2226 ػС
ɽĿɶŰͳ죬ڵɱˣȥε۳Ǵ˾ɡ
ͳɫ΢΢£Ҫ˾ε۳ǰͳ죬ʵ£ȷܹ˾ͳȷʵôں
ǰɱȻԭֻǣ֪ǰΪҪ˾ͳ쿪ʵ
Ȼֻȥ˾ˣ²֪⣬˺ҵЩԨԴε۳ǲҪ鷳ɽƽ˵ֻͳ΢΢ͷףε۳ǣΪͳˣǰȥε۳ǰɡ
һλʥ˼κһܹЧǾ˵ģ趯ʲôţֻҪվǣһ壬һͨĻεѹʥε۳ǣθðͳ죬˿Ҳǰˡ
ɽʥת˫俴׵֮У¶һĨ飬ͳһۣ漴һ˵ĶУ壬࣬л
˵գɽʥع壬Ų̤֮Уͬͳһȥ
ͳӶ΢΢˲ǵַ
ԶȥӰǵɫΪĸӣˣַ㣬ͬͳǰε۳ǣػ̤뵽֮УһҲͻˡ
ͳԼҲ뿪Ӱȴ룬ַ㣬ĪѾʥ˵ô
ͳ쳯ͳȥ漴Ų̤ڵû뵽˵ǲͣҲΪˡ
ͳ΢΢ͷַ㣬ǻǺұЩɡ
ͳͳĻǸղɱ˵ʥε۳ǲҶͳ죬ͬɻε۳ǵͳ죬ȻҪӵġ
û뵽ˣǼһɳ̫ˣδƵ۾սѾԽͨĴ۾ͳ̾治֪Ϊ㲻ȥ
ÿ˵׷ͬɣԼԵĻȻģԽ硣ͳƽĿڵ
˶Ĭټ˵ڴʱڤӾ½ͨɹս֮Уֹ˿̣һ򣬴սȻеһ֮˾ԵĽԷѹƣʵĲһ㡣
Ҷȱȥưɡ˿̣һλŮӿ˵ʥ˳Ȼ𺳣Ϊ⿪˵ˣǹʳʥŮ
áҶȱ΢΢ͷһЩãֻǻˣȴɱ
׶죬ע㡣ʥŮĿ⿴һսӣ׶ʵȻսı̫ǿ⽫ɱôַĻħ
׶Įɨ˹ʥŮһۣŮǆ£ַԸԹʥŮΪģһħ׽ɱ˹ȥôԼ
һսĿ͵͵ĿһЩ̬ԴӸַ֮ʵѾ㹻ˣսΪѾȫµľ磬ȻЩһսЩ̫Űˣǵ񣬾ַǵħķһħľų
Ƭɱ¾սûаԵУ̤˵صˣ໥ɱ¾Σ׶졢ҶȱʥŮͶǼΪµ׶죬Ǳϣ̤ǰһϯλĿǿߣɹ֮أҪԽǿ߶ѡ
ɿֲɵСŲϵɹ֮طչ׳󣬺ųڤ֮ìĿ¾֮սѸٵš
ڴʱַ㣬ɽѾε۳ǵĴ˾˾񣬷·һͨĿ˰㣬ʱȥΨ˫˸о־ζ
ԹʥɽȴҲΪַһƮ칬֮أУַȻоԼ·ĵظ㡣
ʮ˲֮ţܹڤ磬̤½ˣڻᵽҲ˾ַ˵Ŀ⿴Ͽյһݣַֻоڤĳڵͽ֮ʱһĪ⣬֪ȥ
֮ʱھ½ڣ֪ͨηַͷţ漴ɽʥһӰϿյĵظݹȥ
ûжãַ߹ʮȵظ֮ţȻȴһƬˮ֮£ûκεԥֱַӳˮ֮УˮȥǵһδӾ֮ؽʱ򣬱һƬˮ֡
ŵˮ۳ɺϵƬľ֮УȻʱһ漴һӰƿգ˺ˮ֮⡣
ַĿɨƬգĿ΢£漴¶һĨЦ⡣
³ַˣǾľأ˻ľģε۳Ǻ;½ͨһظӣھȻС磬Ľأû˸ɽԣȻƲǽء
ַֻ˸Χȥ»صԼ֮УַɽʥصԼڣ׳һʶںϣַҪڿţĹʥɽʶùʥָܹЩ
ھĽ֮⣬ɢļǰ̽գȻʱֻպХһӰƿգǴӾ߳ģʹǵԶ£Ҫǰ˵ǴԷһ֮ʱ̾ˡ
Ǹܼ֪һλʾǿߣǷʮ۹еʮеһλ
ַԲ֪ǵ뷨ƬϤ磬ĿĴ£漴Ŀ⿴ĳһλһ⳯Ƭȥ
Ȼѩ¹ѾҰգûˣôȥˣѩ¹ֿʼչˣ֪Ρַа뵽ѩ¹ӵеԣܱ߹ҵһֱ˿ͻȻʧ֮ҵ޺ܻܿǨȥ
ʵַͬ²ѩ¹Ѿ·չһʧ˵Ĺȣɹȣû˻ȨֻʵԼ档
ݳǣΪҪıء
ݳУݳ˾ηǿߣһ߼ǿŮˣǳڣҲƯޱ֪ж˰ŮԼŮˣȻǶԣעһ
ŮӣΪģȻֻһŮȴȺܶ˶
˿̣Ůˣվһ޴ޱȵĵǰǻ˿ֲĴͶɣߴɣҪӲܹõڵλãݳǵ֮


2227 뷲
ݳǣַ֮뿪֮־һδ죬ǨǳصʷǳأѾΪѩ¹֮ء
޴ĵȻݳǿ֪ʷܳַ㣬¼Ѿܻ汾ݳǵĴС֮С
ȻѾ侳磬ʵǳˣȻȴδйκεĽ֮⣬ףԼĳɾͺǰһУûᲢ۵ʸʹͬʱѩȵ̨֮ϣȻڼٶ֮󣬶Էһ¶޷ܵˣֲ࣬ʱԼжô
ַ㣬֪㣬ֵʲôΪ磡૵һ
Ķַ֮ʱͬʱҲĿ̧ͷеģ˵ˣʵǿף˵ϴ޾Ȼ֮⣬ȻѾȥȻ󣬻Ȼ
ʱԶĹŵϣӰԶһһŮӿݷǷŮǿֻͥŲƬռ䣬Ȼȴڲߵ˽ǰ޴ĵ
һ㶼񡣡Ů΢΢ƲƲ죬ƺЩ⡣
ˡ΢Ц˵
УĲ񣬸ûп̵ֱ̳̫ˡŮӵʼ͸ŲȻʼ⣬Ϊǵ̵ǰַ㣬ûַԼϡ
Ц£ѾͷȻôִڴˣʹ˿̵ȣȷôʱ仯̫󣬵Χûϳ
ǵ۹ǿ̴ʦŷұ͵ģ似ŷұǰʵҲ֮߸ϣǾȻ˵̫˵ĶԻʱΪм˵һǿ֪ߵغ
ڳԡ˿ڣַǶˣƺԵЩš
꿴һĻǳЦˣ磬ߵĶǿߣѩݳҲ⡣
֮УĿ⻺תȻ֮ʱ̲ס΢΢˲˫Ȼøľ
ˣȻһ磬ĵŮǰ΢΢ţһ˲˲Ķǣ˾޴Ĳ
ҲˡȺĳȥаһŮĺֻ΢ЦţЦƽ͡
ǡĿ⿴ˣһʱٸнҲַһˣңַģ޷͸һĴڣȻ˶΢Цţף˵ʵѾ˦˲֪Զ
ˡַ΢Ц˵㶣漴¶һĨЦ⣬ϲǡ
ллַͷ漴ڵȥݳߡ
ҪҪǡĻӦ
ˣɢɢַҡҡͷ漴˼ݳжȥת˵ıӰѾ侳֮ˣֻǼһ棬ľȻȴ˲Ĳͬһеô
˿һĻɫ£û뵽ľλͽϵá
ԣôоЩ졣ʱһ˾̫Ϥˣ·ǰһ
Ҳָоȷ죬ոն˿ڣܿ죬Ⱥͺϣ漴˵Ŀת޴ޱȵĵ
ʱ˵һָĳȺĿ׷תǵľ޴ףǵɫʼԣϤĵط
漴ܶ˽Ŀ⿴ġ
ַ㡣Ŀ˵ʱȺԴ·ը˰㣬ˣַ㡣
ղųַ˸ͷǣַ߳ȳַӻΪַӣŮ˵Ȼʸ۵񣬵̴ʦŷұڱǰʲôء
ѩ¹һ֮ɿչַйأַ㣬Ȼػѩˡ
ǰַʵεȵǿҲ֪ߵһ
и̾漴Ϣܿ쳯ݳӶȥ˶ַ֪㣬صݳУʱַ㣬ǣĵ֣ѩ¹ݳǵ֮ϣ·ֻһλ·ˣƬء
ĵһĨЦ⣬΢ЦŵȻ㴴ѩ¹ݳǼһֱֻˣ㴴ѩɱŵʱԭò
ȻĸǶ棬ͬ磬ǲŲ磬Ǽ硣ַ΢Цſڵһ֪ˣƬ֮ϣǾԲ֪ʲôַѩ¹ˣǶǲ֪ԼѾһƬġ
ô뵽ֱַϣЦ
Ҫؼһˣ˳ǺܺôַЦ£ݳھ¥ƣȹ˰ʱ⣬ʱַصݳǵϢѾ飬ܶ˿ʼע·ϵַԼˣȻ˿Ѿⷽ໥һۣ΢΢һЦ漴ǣ֣˵ĽŲ̤ȥ
ַ㣬ַ㡣ע⵽ַˣ˿̿ڿգɵþ
ַ㣡̧ͷȥȻֻ˵Ӱͬ㣬ת˲ûʧӰ١
ÿ죬һһգжǿʵ˳Ƿ׷ȥǲ׷˼ͷǲ֮£ϧǾδַܿһۡ
뿪ݳǣ߳ѩµ۹漴ַǱɽ۹򣬿ĵļˣвʵҲ˸Ե
һգַԺе֮ϣһ𣬿յϦǵĵĸ׿˵Ӱ¶һĨЦݣŮַ㶼ã޷ԤĿʵȻοңԼ⹫ˣϧûмԼ˵һʳʥأ֪ĿеĻʳʲô϶Ҫɽ۹ĵҪǿɡ
ΪСȥʥĻʳжôǿ󣬾ַͬ㣬Ҳ뵽ߵôԶ
ַҲûкϸ̫飬ֻ˼䣬Ͼ֪ˣǵƽ
㣬ͽʲôʱߣסһЩɡһ֮ϣʵ
ҪˣԺлһᾭǡ΢Ц˵ַ֪еҪǿʵͻڵľ磬ǳ߶ҲΪľУϣ̤۾
Ҳһߡڵ
СĹϵҡҡͷһ񶼳ˣС
ðɣҪҼ졣ЩƵĵ
áַ΢Цŵ˵ͷ⼸յҲꡢƽ֣ܿ


2228 Ů
ããѩɽ֮Уر˪һƬӰѩ֮Уǣ֣ŮӺʱСܵǰǻЦݣ·Ҫѩڻ
ǰѩɽˣĶַʵ
ַ㳯Ǳȥ΢Цŵ˵ͷһ֮һأвǰݻᣬҪΪصӡ
ȥߡĵַǰַ֣ԶҪصĵ֮µȴ˹ɵĿɨӣ·Ҫ˿͸Ȼַ˾֣ŮˣǺƯ
Ȼڴ˿ַ̣𣬾ֱصȥȻʱյѩɽ֮УӰƮ֮أ̤롣
ַ΢Ц£ĵ֣ƽ͵ЦҪš
˵գͻȻ仯磬ֱʧǵǰЩգգ۾عͷȴȻ䷢Ѿ˼Զĵطͷݺݵţֹȵٶȣ¿ԶˣԲ硣
ô죿
˵˲Ҫţܿǰ˳߶ģҪǣ˳ȻӦûж⡣
λصĵţ漴׷׵ͷûȥַ㡣
ַӰѩɽ֮ϵƶˣУһ壬龰һʱ׺ɣ񣬲֪ѩ߼λʦɺá
ѩ请ִأɷˣصľ˫
˿̣ѩվһѩɽۣ֮оͻأ̧ͷĿ⴩͸ѩȥһ̣ֻ֮ϣ˫貵¿
ַѩ΢Цŵ˵ͷʹѩſ˵ʲôȴԡ
˵Ӱֱʧ֮УѩɫһĿԶȴﻹַӰ
񣬵ʲôˡѩԣûȥ׷Ѱַ㡣
ַˣ߹ѩɽ߹һǳأճ䣬ѩˮ޾ĻĺţȻĺַԼѾûκε谭żսϵ˿ڻĺ̤Ӱ޲о̾
˻֮ءġġϻġл֮أĴַĵ㼣ԴַƬС磬Ѿȥ֮ãʱ·һУֻĿĵš
һ죬ִַС½֮ϣ߹ɳ֮أһϵĲɻڣÿһ֮䶼ǼΪŽᣬ˿ַһ֮Уڻŵ֮ϣŲеæµţ֮ܰϢ
ʦʣ䵽һ䵱Уչǡ
ַĽŲ䳯Ϥķȥûйãַ㿴ԶŲ˾ۼһù֮¡
ȵ£Ϊڱ̫ߣһλµŮӣæµţ˰֣òҩҩȻͨƣŮֻҪһܹȬ
˿̣һʵֱϵʵϵ֮ϣɵöһЦڵʣҪҰܹȢӾͺˡ
ʶ΢΢һЦûж˵ʲôԱߵȴʿǷԲǧ֮вŮˣĵǲŮƾʲôȢ
ʵƺûеɣʶʾǿŶôסŮ񡣡
Ҫ죬ǲӥչ߷ɣһͳеĲ䣬ʸȢǵʡһλɫµĵ
һΪӥЦʼձ͵ЦݣʥͬŮ㣬ûж˵ʲôÿ춼Щ׷ӣҪΪӥȻĳΪӥԼܽô
ַվԶǵӰǴһĨЦݣص֮󣬾Ȼһֱڲ棬ǣôô
ַ㣬ǲҲϲĿַĿ⣬촽΢˵Ŀַ㣬һ۾űŮһ
Ƿܶ࣬ѾͷðΣҺʦַ૵
ʵϲ𣿡Ĵ˿ͬСŮ㣬ˮĿ⿴ַ㣬ɫļһϲŮ˿ɲ١
Щɡַ΢ЦҴ˴ֻǿ𡣡
˵ţַĵԴ¶һĨ֮⡣
ȻƲƲ죬ȴ˵ϲɣŮͦõģôһһҲ˱˵ĵġ
ַ£漴Цĵ顢ҶǵҶδԺҲ֪ᾭ谭ʹۣ̤۷֮ǰҲȥˣǷǵģѾܶˡ
ô˵гһ㵽۷壬ҪȥˡƲƲ죬˫鶯ַ㣬һȻİ
ַ㰵Ĩ˰ѺѾͷʲôʱҲôˡ
ŲȰˡֱַ۽§ģЦ£ֻĿڵȥɣڲ㡣
ţַ¡
Ҫң¸ҪˡЦ£漴ַѳ̤ȥֻǻعַЦ¡
ַЦҡҡͷ漴ʵķȥ̧Ųĳһ˹ȥַڵķʵĲ棬ʴ˿רΪƣûעַϾÿ̫ࡣ
пַģĿ֮ͲеȻͬӦòǲеˡ
Ҳɡַߵߣ˵
˱Ƚ϶࣬ȵŶӡʵ˵˾䣬ȻȴоӰûжңҲƺЩϤ
̧ͷ漴Ŀ⿴һŸɾݣеĲЦݣ˸ůĸоʵģ֮ݺݵĲ¡
ַ㡣С죬Ծ˵û뵽
𡣡ַ㿴ʣ΢Цŵ
ÿ춼ˣƽӣҲÿ֡΢ЦŻӦأô
·㡣ַ΢Ц˵һĨĽ֮ɫ漴ȺҪ𣿡
Ⱥɫ£ַ㣬һﵽ˭ʿǴûееˣξȻΪңǸˣַоһâԼˡ
ˣһɡַ΢Цŵ漴һȵ˶֣Ⱥֻо޾Ƶ˶˲ϣʹ˷̾ǿַĿҲͬˣǿķλʡ
ʿһĻЦЦ漴ҲַһĲ֮ˣ


2229 ׺ɣ
ַεʵܹͨȬаˣڿҩʱȺ㶼ϣ뿪֮кܶ͵ߣЩַ㣬ŮʣȻԴ˹Ŀ࿴
˿ǣŮ˾ʣеŮһֱûˣѵѾôϲˣǳֵĿ
ַ໥ţ֮жǳǳЦ⡣
ַ㣬ϴصҹֹôãΪôˣǳЦ£һ
۷徳硣ַЦŵ
ÿ졣촽΢£Ǵо˼Ƥɫսһֱھ磬Ҷ֪жˡ
ַ㲻ÿɷЦ£ʣ˷߶ҪſһУܷл۾
һԵģ㡣¶εɣַ㣬ʤʹ̫漣챤õ漣һô
ʶԺʲô㣿ַЦʵ
һʲô㣬ôģǺܺ𡣡΢Ц˵ȴƺм˸֮⣬Ҳ֪Ƿ뵽ʲô
һôַ㶢ʣʵ
ҾͦõģϲĻϲˡصĵͷ
ϲãϣܹһֱַ֡Ŀ⿴ǰֻһλϴү˹ַ£漴ЦŵС㰡ʶѾͷ˰
үʶַ΢΢ͷʸڵھӣǰסһʱգʶ֮ˣżַҲ
˾ͺãҪʹʶѾͷ߰ɣȻҪһʵҲͦġүЦ˵ʹַ㶣Եһۣȴ˿ɬ֮⣬үү˵ʲôء
˵˵ʲôءүһۣѾͷҿųģ˽⣬ÿ˵СʱеЦݲõģ㵱˰
ַ۾˸ţʵȴ׵ߺͷַһַۣ㿴ֽĿƿ
ʶүүȻҲ㣬ϣܹСߵģ⺢Ӳ
ү˵ˡʶ˶ţԶȺŮ˵ʧ̬ɵһƬȻϲꡣ
˲˵˲˵ˣ֪զġүҡͷһȥ
ַ㿴ʣֻ΢΢̧ͷַַ㣬ү˵ڲͦõġ
סַ˵ͷ̾Ϣһֻߵʵߣ˫ַʵԴϣ΢ЦʲôĻһǵøҡ
ʵ˵ͷȥַ۾
ˣԺһʱġַŸɾףֻʻ̧ͷһĨ˸УŸҪôȻŬЦŵ˵ͷãһΪ
һΪַ˵ͷ˶Ƭ̣漴ִַʵԴƿת̤նȥת˲ʧӰʿȥӰһʱٸнǵʧ֮⣬޷Ρ
ַĻ֮󣬱ǰУ߹·Ŵɹ챤Ѿȫƿ̨УɽôȨ̨йϵ̫ˣǵнɽҹԼԶʥݵ̨ģƬѾΪ̨£ͬʱ̨ҲϳսѧԺȥ
ַ㲢δھŴɹ챤̨ͣһ뿪ˣ漴ǰҹǣ˽ɽ֮ߣҹУ½ԼʶѾɽ֮Уַ콣д轣ǽ콣ʸһѡ
߹ǧǳء磬ַĽŲͣתۼ䣬һʱѾȥѾʱˣһգһãã֮У֮йħٽ٣Ϻַϣħأ·֮ϻħ㣬ͣĺҶ¡
Žַ֮Ȼַȴ˿ûϲ֮⣬ֻ̧ͷ죬Ŀ¶һĨԻ˼ɫ
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ٲħǼΪµĹž֮ʥ֮ˣʣӵӦܹƿ̤۾ŶԣȻûУǿøǿʢȹ̣ȴΨ粻
̧Ŀգַ㲻⣬֮嵽ʲôղƻʣ񣬲۾ô
ô·ںη

ַʱ⣬վ𺳽ıһҫ۵֣ʱĳнĺٱἰΨʼնʢȻδȡվһϯλֻλӵȻͥдԣת֮ˡ
ͥ˾ߵ㣬֪ȻһЩףתζʲôڡ
ȥ̫ĺʱ⣬Ҳȷϣڸȥ֮󣬳ƻ۾ʧ㴫һ󣬳ͺ͵۾սĽ죬ϢӺʱ߳սʤһλʵ֮죬զࡣ
ı֣Լ̫ɶ֤ʵ˴ţܿܳת֮ˡ
˳⣬ҲԼ·ڶϯλ֮˿ڤ˵ҲǿµȻ֮ʧˣûٳֹĵһﵹŵĺܣھֳͥ˳⣬ľˣΪÿδǰҪ߱ҽ
磬ҲһΪΨһϯλַ㣬ȴΪƽӹʱܹھͥпȻţΪһֱͣ۷徳磬ûʲô仯·;ıЩ㡣
Щǿϯλ֮ˣǶӵ̤ͥʸǰƬҪ磬ĴǿиԵ֮·
ȻЩһˡ
һУַ㱾·û˹ϵ㣬߱½漴׼ǰ½ȥ߶һھͥһЩ飬⻯ڣȻҲ֪ģһеı仯УȻȴԼ״̬
ûа취ͻƵ۾ɲ꣬ǰе·ջصƿ֮գʾˣţҲ⣡


2230 ҹ
׾Թ϶Ҵ߹ַɽгɳ߹ǳشأԽ˴½ȴʱ⡣
˿̣½һɭֵУַֻǰһֲޣţͷ绢צӥһ˫˻оľ
ޡУ³һ׺ޱȵϵĹϢʹƬɭִضڶҡţԲ֮صޣȫڷ
һ۾Ŀ٣óϵ£ó֮˿ַ̤ط·°ݣַѪҺ·𶼱ѹţǲ
ǿһĳɶ֮ʱܹѹģֻһͨվǰ۷壬ҲᱻֿµĵѹȵѪըѣǴλ
ʱַԵòô࣬ͷң붼ͬһɭеҰ˰㣬ƬɭҲȷ˺ܾãնɱ˲ǿޡ
ڴ˿̣޴ſ죬漴һϢ̼䣬һֲĴ֮ìַ㴩͸ȥշ·ȫС
ַǱڵסݵ³һ֮Ų̤һµĴ֮ìݺݵײϣҪ͸壬Ȼȴ͵죬Ǵسì޷͸ַ壬ֻǺݺݵײϣ죬Ǳ˿Ȼ𺳵ԣ۾ĿȻûа취Ӵ˿ɼַжôĿˡ
ַȻǿᣬٲħԼħϢѭãһδεɱ䣬ֻľ磬ͣʾǲַʱо޷ʼձֵȻ̬
һꡢܹ꣬ʱĹȥ˿ûɶļ󣬼ٴζȹ˼ħ٣ûãֻܶɽ٣ȴͻƣָоַһԼεĽ٣ƺϴη򲻽ĻʽٸѶȹ֪һУΨԼȥ
ַĻصԼ֮УһУֻԼȥѰͨ۾·;
ۼһĻ˫޴ͫױø¡¡Ŀ촫ֲַֻϣĽŲַ̤Ȼɱ̼гһɽַ˹
ַɳǰ̤Ϻ޾ħҫȻֱ̧ۣǰݺݵ˳ȥ·һȭҪأɽըѱȻնһبյĴ֮·㲻ʧļʮɾ޽޴㣬ɽӴء
ַٻ޾ħһޱӴĺڰ޽ͬɨյУͶԷĿ¾޽ײһնݣһжն飬ǿµϢԲ֮ص޾Ѿϵ˲֪پ֮⡣
ɱʮӡ۳һ֮ìǰɱؼͻأ䰵һƬţûշ·ήȥΧĲľȫ֮ɫûɫ԰ףֻо֣ʢޱȵڱİᡣ
֮򣬴⣬һˣһЩλʾţλʿԿʼⶼǳ͵ڴ˶ԣ۾޵۷ʥ֮ɴɣȻַ㣬۷֮ĵȴѷ·Ǵ֮ƣʮӡ۾޷⣬ܵƣܹɱۣͨȻˣɱַۣԣû̫ѹ
𣡡۷һµ˻֮˻Удһ˿Ŀ־֮⣬ɵĵо˱Ĵ·Ҫ㡣
޴Ĵ۳һڣì赲⣬Ȼַֻ嵽ˣʮӡȫϯݻŶԷ壬ʹʨԽԽȻתΣԶȥ
ȻַöԷߣο磬ì̴Է壬ͬʱƺݺݵı˶ԷԴ֮ϣ¡Ŀ촫޴ͣ漴Ȼ˵ϡ
һַۣǰƺѾû̫ǿķˣ·Եòǵ۾Ĵڰ㣬ʵɱ䡣
ַľûб仯ʼտȻʵȴʵʵڵĲڱǿɹ֮ʬɽѻ֮Ĵɣڳŵ֮Բ
һ۵ϵľ޴ʬ壬ַ㽫֮۵ʬӦûЩôġ
̧Ųַ㳯ɭ֮ȥЩޣַ֮󾹶Ŀ񱼳ȥѾɭֵ޴޳Ǳֺʵɭе޹ȣ޶ӵǻ۵ģַƬɭֵҪ̵ȻȴУգ۵Ȼȴɱַɱˡ
ַ߹޵Ĺȣ֮⻹ĻӰϾڴ½ĺܶط޺ܹģֻǾᱬһЩս
̫Ũˡַ㿴һ޵ĳǱЩϰߣ̤뿪ɭȥֱãڿӰҲ֪ԼַεȫĿģſһУֻ֪½֮ϡ
ַǰһŮʷǷʣ·ĳЩеĵӳģһʵΪ
ǿַųصĲƾɵȫͬҰ˰߳ʱ£һﲻɭֵоһɣȻ˵Ǳ
ʵַȻңֻ࣬ͷͺ붼ܳټ࣬ԼǱ¶ڿеĹͭɫԵЩҰ˵Ϣ
£޳𣿡ʱһλӶַ㿪ʵʱҲ֪ô£޵۹µ޳һЩΪﶼȺŰɱ˺ܶޣһЩȥҲ档
޳ַͳ·Ϊ̫û˵ԶţԵЩͬˣȴ
޴۹ʱҹǱԵ֮رһЩսǰãһЩ޲ֳϮҹǱԵˣ˲ˣ²֪ҹѾǿǰˡƽ˵Ȼַ㿴ݣͬҰˣΪȴ͸ȻҲǸ
ַĬɫ⣬ڵ±ɡ
ַ̧ͷĿȻ䳯ȥ漴Ĭ̧ŲԶĳǳȥ


2231 
ַĲأ·ƣ㣬˫סݣʵȴâ˸겻ͷųȥ֪̽Ƭ硣
Ҫ̤۾ҪڣκεĹܻʵʣִһܳӡóǿߣƻӶܵɽ׳ޱȣܹǿصҲܸشˣˣڵ۾⡣
ַԤߵĻҪ̤۾ȻҪؽڣȻɡ
ΪƬҲҳٳδܹ̤۾ԭɡַеһȻʱȴ貣ĿⶢԶ·һꡣ
ַ૵߷ô½ʱ޿̲ٳڣϣĳʱĳصҵϵ㣬ǣһֱûа취ͺ͵̤ʾʱһƬػųġ
ַߵһʯǰפ㣬漴Ųһֱ̤ʯ֮ϣ漴ϥԶȥַεȵǿֻҪԸ⣬ʱȻȻܹأҲһΪΣյ飬жˣֱӹ꣬Ǳ㼫Ϊˣ˵֮磬ؽڣŸַֻǷֳһԶӣȥǶĵطںη
ַͬһɷǰУҹƮȥ·һжַҰУһǳϵǿǳأĽֺ·һű㣬֮ʵǿ洦ɼ۾ǿ߶в٣ңǳ嫡
Ʈãʹַ𺳣ʲôطôԶľ룬·̫ˣпһء
ַĺʹһ겻ϵǰУ˲֪پ룬ڿǰһ嫺ΰĹűȺ֮ϣƮһƬƬǣȻ⹬ݵǰȴһڵĸţһŰ㣬ڳ֮ϣ֮ˮϵʶſµ֮ǱУȻڤЩơ
ַɫ£ģƬµ·Ҫ뵽а㣬Ϊ
ЩӹɣȻһΪǿʢΧۼ˺֮ܶˣǰҪУҲġ
ʱΧȺ֮УվںǰĶ԰Уһλ̧ͷ֮УһĨɫ
ˣ⡣ԣһ΢Цµ
Ľǰĸ֮˲ҹУֻоĸϻ֮ϻڣҹǣҲҲǱϻ֮ɡղǹһĨ䵭Цݣڵ
Σˣֻ̰ѣĸô߽ģҹӰʦ֣ǴӾĸ̤߳Ͼ̨̤˾ǰʮϯλεȵǿ󡣡ԱߣһµŮ˵Ȼ˵ҹӰ֮ʱ̲ס¶ʡ
ˣǲʵΣ
ⲻһƻѣǿȣ۾Ҫĸϻ롣һ漴һһĽ⣬ɱȥ
ַȻܿҪøһЩϻ򵽵ô£ȴû뵽Ȼ˹
껯һõӰӣ¿յȥֻԷüһߵַһ꣬硣
ַӴܣ׼ȥȻӲͬλΧ˶͵һ촫һ걻
ЦһƵĽʧ
ڴ˿̣ҹʯ֮ϣַȻſĺһţһ֮ƶΪ¡
ǰղļøܵһϢɵͷ΢΢£ղһɲǣǸо֮⼫ΪĿ¡
ҹУһطƮƣ֮ˮʣǺεأַĿⶢżˣ䵭һʱɫ£ܵһƵѹϣͷҵĲţǸоԷһͷɱǡ
Ȼ˲ò࣬˿ͬҰ˰㣬ʵǿĺܡ
ҹǿ֮һĸǰ֮˻Ӧ˵
Ƭʲôַٶʵ
ϻ֮ĸۼϻ֮ʹ֮Ϊҹǵģܹ˸ʹأӶΪ̤۾̵档
ַĿһâؾϻܹ꣬˸ʹ֮䣬ѹôˡ
ϻ֮ͬмʰ㣬ܹ֮׵뵽ϻ֮УΪеһ֣漴ͨϻأأ֮䣬ϻ֮ٴο˵ַ΢΢ͷ漴վŲ΢̤ҹ̤ȥ

֮Уһǳ֮Ʈǳ֮⣬ȻƬǳ֮£㣬һ㣬֮⣬ü˴˿æµţ֮ȡеľڻϢ漴ֲϵķ¡
ûҵ𣿡ʱԤߵӰһѰҵʵ
ûУʱ꣬ľѾ޾һЩǳҪľҲˣֻܽΧеľЩѰңϣܹҵϹʱ˵һƽܡػ֮˻Ӧ˵Ԥ΢΢ףа̾µָ䣬ڲţߵѹܴ󣬶ʮӶɳúܿ죬Ѿȫ˵۾ֻһ⣬ַ㡣
ȻַԣӦ˦˵۾ȴΪγٳٲͻƣ֮أΨнܹɣĵҲ޷֪ԭַ֮ѲˣҪ׷ݣҪϹʱĩڣܽ⣬Խ֮˽ģ֮⣬ֻһЩȥͥԼ½֪ܶɣȴ֪ζʲô
ڿʼѰûС
ʼˣڰǰѾʼѰڡ˵˵ͷ£ӵеľ֮Ӵͬɳͬǳ
Ȼڴ˿̣һӰͬ˸΢΢ţԤĿתϻƣʲôôţ
ҲľԺܹˡ
ҵˣ߲˫֣еһ֮⽻ԤߣԤɫ£漴һУ֮еľڼŵģֻһ仰
ԤߵĺüƷ£ȻۣʱǾɢҲˣ࣬ҲݺݵĲеĹâҲͬǳ㡣
ѹ֣


2232 ϻ
ַ㲽ҹУֱӳƻ֮ȥƻȻٶȴͬӰ㣬ܶ޷ӰоѾʧˡ
ҹǾĸ֮⣬ۼȺڣʱںˮĵ·֮ϣмӰӾĸ߳Ⱥ
Ƭ֮ǵĽŲͣ£Ŀ⿴ǰˣڵǾĸ֮գӵѡˣԼվ·
Ļ£ʱвӵܽŲǰͨĸĵ·֮ϣĨɱַԵһһŮҲǰȥڵǽ֮ˣݻĸ
ڼλҵϵõģ㲻ˡǾĸǿƽ˵ʱڵվñֱ·Ľ㣬ھĸǰִ˿ɲ࣬ӵѡҲҪó飬ˣҹһЩټΪ֮ˣִܹ
ѡĸҲ඼ЩڵھĸϿɾĸĵλÿ궼һЩѡǽĸиϻ֮ЩˣȻ۷徳ãϾϻ֮Ϊ˻أܹõ̤뵽۾֮С
ʱȺһңӰȺ֮Уʹò˿˾ֱǰȥƬ֮Ҳվ·ǰĿ⳯žĸȥ
ϻ֮֮кˮϢûкˮ̺õȻóġ
ĸַ૵һ漴̧Ųǰȥǰ·֮ϣĸǿĿһĿⶢַ㣬һѡ֮ˣɴ
ַҡҡͷĿȴһϣղ꣬Խնһꡣ
꿴ַ㣬ƺоһϤ֮⣬漴һͣǸղһˣ
ַû˵ŲǰʱһӿֿµĽ⣬ַ㣺һ꣬Ҫϻֱ֮
ˣӹַӰȻԭʧֻ̼оһ쫷ɫһʱпµĽХָӳ޾ǰնɱȥȻȴֻӰԽԽ漴һ˫ͫҰнķŴ󣬽ţһ˫ֳ
ȥ걬һ³⣬ͬʱü֮Ҳнäɱַɱ˹ȥȻַǱסͫȻһ⣬ӡֱӽĨֱӿĲϣһ̣ɫ࣬۾͹
Ǻˣǽڵӣл˵ſ죬ѵ³һַŶԷĺڶ
һʱ򣬿û˭ַ˵
顣ʱ˿ڵǾĸģЩ˶ѡĽܳɲôãĸϹҲס
º;ĸ޹ءַ㿴˶Էһۡ
ǽڵӣսǿȻվܾޣǽڸɱ¿Ҳ׶༪١Ǿĸǿ߼
ûǽɽ͵ӣҳ֣ʦ㡣
ٶȿ˵ַȻתһƿµӡֱӴ͸ԷüģԷԺ֮УֻɲǼ䣬ɫ֮ɫû֮Ϣϣ
ַɿһ촫ԵøĴ̶һڵĵӸԱţ㱻˺ɱ
֮ĸǿ߶ַ㣬⿴ݵȻôĿ£³ʾ꣬һֱ֮мʮĻս
ºúݵֶΣ˶ַ˵Ϊȣַ˿̵Ϊַаϵ䣬һԼ֮Ѷꡣ
㣬ɱһһŮɫҰףַ㣬ǵʦĿɣΪһʱĸ߰նһƲл꣬͵
ղɱ˴˵һƲл꣬ΪǽڵӣҸоãû뵽ôֵ˸µĹˣùǵ͵ĺá˵˵
ûɱ˵һ֮Ǽ˵ΪˣûбǿҲͻãȥԽоͲˡȺΪȻĵǿ̫࣬ŬЩ¿ǵ͵ǣһСı㶪
ַڵɨһŮһۣʱ˹ϵıˣһ·ɱ㡣
漴ַ̧ͷ˾ĸˣڵҿԽȥ𣿡
ĸǿɫ£һ۵µʬ壬ַ㲻Ȱɱ˽ڵˣǱǲýԷŽȥģҶԷ鷳ˣó֮ĸ֮й֮ͬҺҲ˻Ȥ
Ҳһȥɡһλ۾ǿƽ˵ʹýλĿ£漴һ⣬ô˽ȥɣȵڵǿߵˣȻɱ
Լʰʬɣҽȥĸǿ߶ڵƽ˵漴˳žĸȥַҲͬһǰҪƬϻ֮Ƿܹأӽ֮硣
ĸ˴һƬ޴Ŀռ䣬֮ϣ޾ƣϻ֮ݣ˸о궼̲סҪͷųȥ
Ȼźǿ֪뵽ʲô仯ַаҲһƮ̼䣬Ͻ·ƬɫյУ·ƬĻ꣬ƶ
ֻصĸоôϻ֮УƬաַаһ겻뵽Ƭϻ֮Уռϻ꣬ţָоܹܹ֮ӵиܣܹ֮ӵиǿķ壬Ҳࡣ
Ҫǣ֮ˣأȻɾ
λʱ򣬷ײȫԸиҾĸܣֻҪǲֱӶֹСĸ˵˵Ƭƿռô󣬷ײǺȻ飬ʱ˸оϻ겻ãϻҪõȥ޶ȵȥ
ַҲͬŬôţֻҪϣ̤۾ȫȥ£ֻĿǰ֪֮УԤǰȡ⻯ˣ׼Ҫ𺳵ľڻ


2233 ޾
֮Уַ⻯Ϊһϥǿ֮
ԤûһϢȻַ⻯ŵԤߣʦ
ַ㿪ںԤ߿ַ㣬סԼеĲڶַϹŵľҵˣ˵ҲǺϢ
ʦ˵ɡַӦһ겻۾ʲôԭܹܣֻҪܹҵ̤۾ķ
֮Уֻһ仰Ҫ׼Ԥ߶ַڵ
áַ˵ͷ
Ԥ߿Ŀڵ޾ۡ
ַɫ£ͷݺݵţɫΪĲÿ޾ۣѵԶ̤۾
ʦ˵Ϲʱĩڣɵ˴½֮սζʵѾ֮أܲ۾ַɻ󲻽ʵΪν֮壬ܳɵۣΪʣѵҪԻֱۣ߱ɱʥ⼸ǲܵģĲ޷ֲһʵǿᵽܹɱ¾۾Ȼʥ۾ǿأվ޷ɣ۹ʥǿߡ
ҲǽȻ֮ܽѣҲԴȥѰҴ𰸣Ϲʱĩڵһ˭Ҳ޷֪յΣսȴӹɵģӦӵţƬ죬㡣
ַ˵ԤڿȻĸ֣ͬһɽѹͷ֮ѩ֮ԼΣ㺮֮Σѹ֮¸õΣһ޷ɡ
ַ㣬ǰȥؾ֮أչܷ֮ҵʺġԤ߶ַ㿪˵ַ΢΢ͷƺֻˣ֪жǰǿߣ˸Ž񣬶ԼǼھ֮ϣܶо޴
Ԥתȴ̾Ϣһ˵Ǿ仰ʵаûԳҪַԼȥˡ
߷飬ַıҲֱӲӰ죬ʱĸУַ㱾̧ͷƣĿ¶һĨãɫзһ˻ۣ֮ۡкδȥ
Ŀַ㣬һô£۾֮̾Աߣоĸ˿ַ㣬аһﵽж䣬սôǿȴۣܹǰ֮ӦǷǳģ㻨˶ʱ⣬ҲӦ̤۾Ŷԣᷢ˸п
֮Уһ껯µľϻ֮ϻԴؽڣǿߵײȻԶˣش±𷢳ƺ֮ջأ漴ϥĿϢ
мʵǿ󡣡ĸ˿һĻ˿ûоȣÿЩѡ˶ᷢᣬһҲ֣˵겻ϵ׳̵ϻ·Ҫеϻ֮ΪУǿ߶ֻռһλסȥϻ֮
ַһħӰ׳ţȻڴ˿̣һֲĹɶĺȵ
£µ곯ַ˹Ҫַûϻ֮ȫ
ַ˿бͼ䣬ܹݵƣֻ껯һ޴ħվڵͫ׶ŶԷ·һɫˣȻ䣬ӡŶԷ˹ȥȫǱûȥ
̼䱻޾֮ƣʱ˻𣬷·Ҫ֮
ۡô죬Ҫɾ;·ַв֮⣬ʵҲԼƳ
ɱһ˻ӡ֮ϣʱ·ҪΪҪĨ
˵귢˻֮һţû˸ղŵ棬˷ӡȫһıĨڣ꽥ĳΪһ꣬ɢӡֵջع޷ղֻҪܹع飬ַͲܶԸЩ˲Ÿô󵨷ΪܹĨɱԷ꣬οŵ˱ͺǿ
˵걻׵ĨıҲ֮ɫûΪһˣȺ֪˭΢΢һݣҼҵõѡĸУȻôˣֵ̫ˡ
ʱַȴ֪ʲôֻţ޲ˣ֮ɨգƶȫռݡ
£һߣѵҪһ˶ռƬյϻôĮڣ۳Ρ
ˣ޾ӡµìȻ䳯걩ɫ԰ףܵǹǿֱӳ¿նȥȻֻһ֮ӡЯֱ֮Ӵɱ͵촫дҵĽܵشȻվǻع˱ɫⱬ䣬ӿɱ⣬ַꡣ
ַûԷżռյϻ֮˼ͶܿΨַڷܿ죬¿յȺһǵĿж¶ŭıɫַı
һ̫ˣȻҪһ˶ա
Բˡһ֮ϴ˶ɱַĳ嶯ǱǲֵܶģҪɱֻȥɱꡣ
ĸҲû뵽ݵӰȻôԵһ֮ռյϻ֮˿̣Ƭϻȫַռݣȫϻ˱ڣ֪˶ˣЩѵòŵõѡиĻᣬȻһǿķ
֮УϻҳӳȥַֻоƬնţѾǾܹ֮꣬Ƭκε顣
صĸоôҪ̤۾Ҫһַӳȥϻ֮ؽڣʹַҲܹõأ¿գˣڿһǳԸţһ˫˫·ܹɱ
ʱĸУλ˳ʹþĸǿ΢΢ȻݷǷ
ôɾһŮüַ
˵ˣʵȴǼΪǾĸǿ߻Ӧһ
ȷܹһ֮˵궼𣬴˵ԼΪ¡ŮԱߵ˵գȻṳ̂۾ЩͬѰǾĸɡ


2234 ǿս
ĸӸղź޷ɵۣ޷̤۾ءŮЩԸ˵
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صĸоҵϻܹճԣ㲻ϻ֮ҲûκģΪΣȴƫƫûа취ϻ֮Уɰ衣ַ̾ϢѾҪټˣΪѰ£Ӧܹˣϧͱ˲һ
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ʱŲַߣϻ֮оΣ
ַĿתֻЦݲã·һĨصζ˸оַŮѾ˾ռߣȻܵƽĵѾܹˡ
˵գַվ̧ŲȥƬϻ֮Ҳ޷۾
΢΢£룬ԷȻûаķӦ
ȵȡһַŲ΢΢ͣ£عͷŶԷʲô𣿡
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˵գĽŲ⣬ЦݽŶԷȥһõɫ˺ôļӣǸѣڱСǰ񡣡
Ǻǣȷܲ񡣡ǰЦû뵽˲ʶ̧٣ĸӲ
㣬ȥ֮ˣŮĲˬôǰ˵ھܾݶԣǼûӵ顣
ˣɱ˽ڵˣȻܾ룬߳ȥ鷳ˡƽ˵ǿȥ
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ַ̾ϢɫĮ޾ã֮⣬̤ŵ֮ʱȴһ⳯Ȼǽǿߡ
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ַڵŶԷֻһԲϣԷԵ޹ն꣬һԲϣȻַҲᣬŲǰͬʱǱŽվǣַɡ
ûַɳǰ
Ե۾ݣ۸󱲣ͣɣʽַɳǰƽĿ˵ȻȴûַֹǰУɫԽԽ䣬һɱѣĽŲڳǰ̤ʱкƳŽַɱȥ
ַĽŲûκεֹͣɳǰ߳·𽫶Է׵ˡ
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˵ǾĸˣĿҲôܹĹȻʵȴǵǰ
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ַͬûֹ컯ʥ鸡֣֮ջڰ֮ɫ·𶼰֪жô£ͬʱ޽۶ɣѹһУΪһ壬Ȼ䣬Ǵ۾Ľǿߣоһǿҵв֮⡣
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һĻʹΧ֮ɫȻˣɱ۾Ľǿߣң˵ĸɴࡣ
󣬾ĸͷţôܣ
ַĽŲɳǰûƬ̵ֹͣ˫¶ôı䡣
ǰղűɱ֮˵ͷ˵ţҪ뿪ȻʱһĮ֮ͫǵϣ͸ǵǵ֮꣬ӡֱ£Ŀ̼仯֮ɫ漴ȥ
һ񣬾ͱɱ
һУַ·δĺ䣬ֻ֮κҪǶ


2235 ׷ɱ
ֱַ뿪ȺĿңȥӰͷţǿ
ǿʾֻһ񣬾ɱʵ̫ǿ󣬴۾ĿҲɱ֮սȫԽ˾硣
ң𺳵ǣԷɱһλǿĴۣͬ׾ٰ㣬ûз̫ǿĵڲ䣬ͽԷնɱ𣬻ˣûн۾￴ԼĶ֣ʣһԡ
ϣ̤۾񣬻ǵ۾ôǿһ̤۾սжô¡ĸ궢ַԶȥӰ૵һ
Ǿ˼ĳ޷ͻƵʾ磬Żӵôǿʢսɡ˵ΪַΪ̫õ£Żˣ츳
ȻһУַ޹أҹпֻ̤֮оƮ죬ǰʵǿĿȷһ·ǰУֱ򲻽ǿҵĴܸУΣٴһεʹоǰ·
Ҳͬʱ֮Уַ֪ɱǼλӣʼ׷ַӰϮɱ
֮УԤߴַž֮أַ⻯ڵַ㣬ʷеǿ߾ڣһЩǿߵľڣղطḻ㿴ܷҵʲô֮壬˶ͬעҪ߳һԼ·˵ֻ֮ΪĲο
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ַ⻯ʼڣһǿߵַǿû֮ͬԼĸԼ·
ǵַ㿴мݾڵʱ򣬸̡
һݾڣһλ߷ǿľڣĲ򣬾ڼΪа˿ࡢϡΪǰĿ࣬УĿԿգȻ֮ˣǷҲĿ࣬Ŀ֮⣬Ŀֿ֮࣬࣬𣬷ֿ쳾֮УҪԹ࣬һ̫Ͷ֮ˣҲ֮ˣദһ֮ʱֿ࣬࣬ʱȴҲΣʢࡢ󲻵ÿ֮࣬ˣǿ󲻵ãľƽһգ˿࣬سɷ𡣡
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ȻѾһļֵ·֮ʱȴ֣һжԸΥյĽ֣ΪıģΣ
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ȻԶ֮أȴӰХ̤޽ǰַһֱ֪˸ֻǣȴһֱӵˡ
ھͥ½ˣҪɱɲôףң˿ĿĮһУɶԷ׷١
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Ļ·޾Ļһɱɱ֮ǿҡ
ַ³һ֮Ȼֻ֮ߣɱҽ֮ˣ뿪ҹ𡣡
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ַϣ޾֮˻ԽԽ䣬Ȼɱ¾ɣʮӡͬʱǹ֮⣬֮ز¿֮ˣֻҪַ·֮ʱоԼ·Ҫ㡣
Ȼ䣬ַ̤Ӱԭʧֱӳһλǿǰٶȣȵ۾Ľ޶Ҫֲ뻯
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޾֮嵱Уַ֮⣬֮ӰϮɱ
˻һգȻַ⣬ȭâ̽ƿɱݻһн⣬ûκܹ赲ɱԷ
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ʵǿҪ֧Ԯһ˼򣬶ַʵǿ£۾Ľޣ̼䱻ɱˣ¼ΪѲ


2236 Ȼ
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ӹַϷ·޾ķ֣֮쵽˼飬ɳԶλ۾ǿ߽ԶѶ뽣ڵеǿ߽йͨȻǿַٶȺ͹֮Ҳûţ֣ǵһַĻ׾ٵıַȫɱֻΪ˶ַ࣬㲻ֱһ֣Ͼһλ۾ĽޣҲǼΪµġ
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죬Уǰ֮ڣų編ϣҿݣȻޱȣǣȴƺơ
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Ҳһ죬ܹҲܹƿ⾳ͬɮ˶ħͷһ͸һУͻƣˮɡ
Ҳһ죬ҵ꣬Ƭ졢ƬأһУһͷͷңǲ졣
ַĿ˸â¶·ľûȻһЩ


2237 սǿ
磬ַգľƽ޷ͻƵ۾Ҿ粻򲻹˼꣬Ӧľɱ䣬Ѱͻ̤֮ʾһʱ䵽ˣˣȻͻơ
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·ܲձˣԼ·
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Ȼܹص˺áȺ׷׽Ŀƹַ㣬һһҪܹıϣĻܹص˵
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ֻ˻֣ʱЩΧַߵĴ۾ǿһɢ㹻Ŀռ䣬ͬʱַ̤㣬Ŀ˵һ֮ɱҽλ۾ҸҽĻᡣ
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ѵ۾ľһ㿹û𡣡ַʵ򣬲ûп۾ǿߵֻ˿ԵۣǹǿĽڽޣѰܹģ֮ͬҲԼ
ʥַ֮ն˿µһâںеǵײһ𣬽֮£Ȼ۾ĽƲϻգһֱĹ߲ͣ·ǿֻͨһ֮ɵİ㡣
۾磬ǿͨءͨضɣֻҪݵɲǣӵգ˵в
ַϵķշ˷·չ֣·õĹĻ֮Уϵ÷λſܿЩɱֱߡ
ΧĴ۾һɫƽǶûаֵ˼֪ǰµǶףַ㣬Ǳľ棬Բܹѵ˵ģ
ʱ۵ǿУһĨϷʵɫ漴Ӱԭʧͻأ䣬Ȼһ㣬һƳǰ˳ȥһ̣ͬһʢ̫أƬնУκηλ޷ܿ


2238 
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ַ֮һǿֶͨΣЩƣȻ޾շ۶Ĵ֮յܹ˵ģĵȵһĲΣͻᱻ˵Ĺֱ˺ַ㵽˺ڱûʹùȻ֮伮мصһִܹͨշٳһ޵Ŀռ䣬Ȼ㼫ΪǿʢշҲֻܼǶݵһɲǡ
޾Ľ·ַ˺Ѷȴûлַ壬һĻʹͫǹַ۾ǿߣҲɫȻ΢΢ͨǿǳ£ܹܿ
Ȼȴ޷赲ɱַľģֻŲ΢һֱֳַֻץ˹ȥʱ·һյĽοռ䣬Ҫַ棬ΪĿ
ַһµĹâ۾ǿȻܹ˵ģȻԼǿʢܷǰ֮в
ɵ֮ĳԷ嵱УʮӡŭХַ֮ͫȫ⣬ҪԷͬʱ֮һɲǼȫ컯֮컯Ĺ֮Ϣһ޴ŶԷնɱ˳ȥƬգһƬӰ
ߡһ֮۾ǿ߿ַ㣬ͫ׺䣬ȷǴɵĵ£֮ǿܹаᣬӡԼ޽ּĹѹɱ۾ǿ߻ô׾ˣȷǷǳ£ǺͬΪʾˣûкսʸ
Ӱ֮ǿһʱճӰַɫѿֹûа취ͶԷӲ
ȥַɱȫ˳ȥ̤ԶߣûаѾȷţǰ۾ǿߣûаġ
ȻַתɲǣһɼǿҵΣдʹַֻһӰ֮ɱûƣֻΪֱӵɱ
豹棬ʦĹѾһƷ豹֮⾳ˣѾڴʥ۾żһλַǰĴ۾ǿͷ£Ϊ𶯣ʦʵܿ£ȻЩ𺳵ǣˣַ㣬ȻܹʵΪ磬ʦǰôãʦǶŭҪɱղַľԹȻʦһвĸо
ӰսȷʵǺ
ֱַһö̼嶸Ȼԭʧ˿µĺХչƣӰֱ뿪˵ߡ
Ŀ΢ܹƾŲƵ۾޷ϣһߣʧˣӰ֮͸նһɱַ㣬Ȼȴɱ˿մ۾ǿȴδͣ׷ַȥΪ۾ǿ߳׷ɱַܽɱδ棬ڵδ档
ַӰ磬ʹ˷·Ųư㣬۾ĽǿߣҲıַ룬һд۾Ľ޼棬󷽣Ǿĸˣҹһǿ߹Ƿַ㾹Ȼ˦˽ǿߵ׷ɱҲĺܡ
ֱһɿֲ޽ɵչűű֮£·޾ĹʯҼΪĿ£Ÿֲͬ״˿ֲչŭʨǵӴűʹеĹűޱȿµ
۳ǡǽڵ۾ǿʱפͣ£ûм׷ȥȻ֪޾ɭֵУ˴۳ǣ˸ҴĴڣǾĸҲԸǰ۳ǡ
ʱ˶۶ҹҲͣ˽ŲǳأĿǽڵǿߣҽȥ׷ô
۾ĽǿߣȷЩԥãã޾ɭ޳ǳܶǳضཻǣΪ̤ͬĳǳأȺ߸࣬ǰ˴۾̤У㱻ɱˣҲֻǰװڵ˲ɱ۳Ǹġ
Ϊ۳ǵ֮أһǿǣһλϵ
ȻֻǴԣǷĴڣ֪ܶ˲²⣬Ȼִԣ㲻Ǵ˵еصĹųǱҲηĴڣҹеľĸôһھӴвǵͳȨ
ҹǾĸ˶֪ģʷĸûкص޹ųǱս
ȻҲйǿߵ棬ֻ֪һжڰصĽš
ҹȤɣ׷ҹڵôѺãҹĻʵЩ̶
ߡҹƽ˵漴֮˳ǰ޳ǳ̤˹ȥֱӲУʹý£ŭХ漴Ҳ˵۳ǵУȻôЩʱ䣬ַ㲻ҵˡ
ʵϣһθ߹ԼʱַûӣҲûȥͷ棬޳Ǻ֮ǰ·ЩͬǵԸŨЩңƬ·𶼱һţͺǷյ㣬Ǿһ磬۶ģûа취ƿȥ
ַҲδ´۳Ƿֱذ˴λȻȴΧͬһطÿһֻΨһһ˿ڣǵĳڣַ߽ĵطʵ۳һ֣ǡ
֮ȻӵĿ񱩣ѱַ㿴Ľûж˵õģһռݵĶǳɫԼһأеϲûΪ߶ҲֱӴı壬սƵΪ
ʱַ㣬ͼԼ޷̤뵽۾һ߳Լѭ޷԰ΣǾȥ磬Ȼӵж磬ų⣬ȻţͬڡͬԴͨģҪ򣬲Լ
ڶʮ֮ڵ֮ʱôʮꡢʮ꣬ȻĴ㣡


2239 ׵۹Ů
ַǱҳŵĿ⽥ı˼ֻ֣Ȼ֮⣬Խԣ֮мźܶ¼ЩˣǾ£޾ĥѺʹ۷Ŵ󳹴ģɾ˿µľ磬Ҳϸ˵ʼһ·Ϊ˳ģֻʾһΣһμĴܣȹǴο֮һбֻȻ
˴εľַоҲһθѣȻΨмᶨƵߡ
ǰΧһĿԶǰգֻһźԵ֮Уżɽ壬ɽ֮ϣźüӰ⼸ˣǼΪĲϳ۹ƮϢǿʢ¡
˳ˣǿϣ̤صˡ˿̣˿˿ͳ˻ϣЩվеļλޣңмǵ۳ĺˣ츳׿ʵ£ĺ˿˿֮ˮ֮£ĳ˵޹
ЩǺµŮӣ˵ĻŮˣҲʵǳǿ¡
ҵǧǰݻᣬ׹ѵôʱһλƽ˵·͸貵Ĺâ˫ֻǰЩŮӡ
СǹȺŮ
ǺǣС㻹ǺôļӣİС㣬ɲյİ׹ˡһ˵̼䣬޾ĺⶸȻ䳯˹ȥ
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ǺˮҸϴԼˡַȻѾԼ£ҲԼƤˡ
뵽⣬ַӰ˸ǰĺˮ̤ȥм˵Ŀתַɫ΢΢£¶һĨȤɫ
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һгֽŮӿַ㣬漴ֻһ˵죬ַӺˮıԵֱ֮Ӷ˺ˮ֮УһĻʹǵɫ£漴ǵɫȻˣøѿ˵ףǷǳʡ
Ȼи̤Ƭˮ֮У⼸ˣվں֮ϣɻЩɵģֱӽˮ档
ʱַ㲽ˮ棬һɿµĺϮʹַ㰵̾ˮ֮䣬ʱĿ⳯źˮ¿ȥ漴ǵ΢΢£Ȼһ޹һ޹֮ϣһµľŮӣ̧ͷĿⶢ֮У͸޾ĺ⡣
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ַ峯źˮȥƬ֮˺׵޹֮ϣɫɱŮӣڵǸ޹
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ڴʱϿ֮أһɿֲ񱩵ݻһУŮ̧ͷɫĮǰһ̼䣬ˮ⣬һ㴿׵ı磬ѣգȫͬʱǹҲɢ
׹ȻѾβһۡһŮ廯һ֮⣬չȥ
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֮ϣ׹Ӱ֮󣬸˻۶ȻǺˮ֮ϵĶȴԵøԡ
ͬʱҹҲߣֻҹԵ׹ʱ򣬾ҸоԼһʧɫջʵʣĸо
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׵֮ŮĻЩ˵ʱͫ΢΢£׵֮Ůѹˡ
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λҰ£׵֮ŮĿĮȺ£·аǧӶֿռ䡣
׹׵֮ǰȥأ֮ʥ֮Ӵ˳ΪһۣȻ׵֮ǰʥ֮еľذ׹֪ģɷ֪ǣ˿̣һĮĿ˵ʹȺɫһȺҲ֪˶²׵۵սʥйأҲ԰һԭ
޿ɷ档˵һҪ֣⡣
£ֻվں֮ϣѩĳȹƮ޲ɷ
Ĵѹ֮ϢȻʱ򣬻촫ֻˮ֮Уһ۵Ӱˮʹǹѹ֮Ϣ΢΢һͣ˵ĿˮӰһλ꣬ݿݣʷǷ貣ǳȻϢƽΧһнԶ޹ء
ˣɫһͣ¶һĨ㵵ɫˮ֮µĵ۹˰׵֮⻹ˣ
û뵽׹Ѿˣѹֻܾǵϲһɫƣַ㣬ʵ˭
ַ㿴Ű촽䶯ƽڣ֪ˮԡ֡
㣬ղźˮеķӡɫһǸղ֮ˣ˵Ҳ¶һĨɫȻݵķǸݵꡣ


2240 ʥ
ݷӣҹɫ¶һĨµɫδϳַ˿̵ַԸıԼòټϽϦ֮ͬҹйһ֮ԵȴҲܽϳ
ĪǸղ֮ˣҹȻûϳַȴµַɱǿߵ¶һĨȤɫݵ˿ݣıòô
ⲻܡҹ΢΢ҡͷЩԽ˴ı仯һ̵ַ㣬ϮˣһʵôǿʢôղַܹܣһӰսǿ£Ǵ˿̵ַ㣬ȴоԽܣ̫Եʦһᣬսôô̬
֮ˣȴͷţ˲ûӣ̤ĺ޹̫ˣƬˮ֮£˵ֻס׵һˡ
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׹ʵȻ̺֮ɱɱ֮С˵ʹɫ΢ǾȻûз֣ԷĹУȻ̺ɱǻǵ͹˶ԷĹֱֻӺս˲ܹᵽǿ
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˵꣬Ŀٶתûٿַһۡ
㻹̤ʥôڴ˿̣һĮ֮Ӱ̤ǰһɿµ۾ѹַȥַߣѾǼΪӵһ飬ַ㣬ٶȻȫĴڣҲ֪Щʲô
ȷ뷨ַ㵭˵
Ϊ㻹лܹѡϣ޾Ƭй˽֮籩Բ֮ȫУַΪģһƬһνٸַκλᡣ
ΪʲôҪӣַƽ˵漴һ̼䣬ַǰһ޴ĹŶת·ڹŶ֮ţڿŶ
ţɫˣ漴һһץ֮У޾֮籩ȫַɱȥ޾
Ŷתַ̤ڹŶ֮ϣǰ޾ɱ£ڹŶ֮ϣ޷˹Ŷͬʱһɿµš
ˣټַ̼֮䣬ϾһʹɫһɫԽѿ
֮һֱ׷ɱңҵҪôɱҡ򻯱ַоøΪ͸ЩһΪĹű󽳶Ϊӡ
һɲǣַһͻȻ򻯱ȼЩ뵽򻯱еַ꣬ɲǼȼˡ
󣬲֮Уؼ۾ǿ궯·Ҫɱͬʱһɿµ֣Ҫ붦С


2241 ɱ
ͻǿṥʹýɫȻ佩Ӳŭ죬һץ۶͸һУȫŹŶеַɱȥ
ʱַҲŭˣ򻯱е·е궼ȼ˵Ŀ죬˵ͷˣо·ʴԼ·Ҫ㣬οֱַĽоǹɿµɥϴͷεӿ뵽嵱У޾ŵĻַļʮӡǴɵĹһʱԹŶΪģջ˿µ籩
Ϊ۾ǿߣѹǲ˵ģȼս⣬һ̤ʱ޽ǰɱ̼䣬ַֻоĵһɹӰ֮ϮɱҪ궴ѣͬʱվ룬Ͽɱ£
ҾͿжǿַɫĮޱߣȻ䣬궸Ȼ뵽ŶУ֮ڣʱ򻯱ת籩ֱʣͬʱŶֱӳ˽ʮ˵ɥ֮ԷԺҪԷ֮
ô޷ˡɫӲ·Ҫ㣬ͬʱǿӡʴϱµӡԽԽ£·Ҫ㡣
һŭǧ޽ͬʱƿգĿ촫ڹŶ֮ϣȻ˿̹Ŷһ⣬ûм򽣳ǳЩڴ۾ǿ߳ȥ
ˣһȻ䴫ֻһ۾Ľǿ߻֮ɫ漴壬޷ƣֱӱ뵽˹Ŷ֮УΪˣҲ漴̵ҽ껹
ʱַ뵽򻯱У򻯱򻯱һֳ̣һλڵǿߣǽǿɫһ屬ˣȻַᣬΪ죬٣ַɵ֮ںϵŶзӳǹǳµġ
ֵǴԲĵ֮һ˲佫ɱʱҹַĹΪ𶯣ʵȷʵǿֲԲĵһʥ۾ǿ߷ܹ˵ģοɵ֮ˣǴ۾ǿǿһս޷ӣһͼҪˣҪɱ㣬۱ʲôûлᣬֱӾͻɱȻ̵ꡣ
ַɨɫʱѾǴôˣַ㣬ڶڵĴ۾ǿ߽ɱ޷ܵǣַ㣬ֻһλʾǿ߶ѣȴɱǵĴۣҼҲ޷ǿȴԲ֮ÿһ·Ҫ뵽а㡣
ҽһ۵뵽ַ򻯱УΪ򻯱ַƵʱ򻯱ܹӳøӵǿ󣬽һֱϽ䲻򻯱һ¼ıǳ߼ĵ۱
ڵǿӵӣܿ죬򻯱ٶȳŽɱȥˣ򻯱޷սֻһϵĽз籩漴Ӱڷ籩ʧ籩һһ̣֮ϣȻһ󽣹⣬ǽ·Ϊһֱɱ򻯱棬ַ뵽򻯱棬ɱ
һĻַ㰵ЦǽԼˣһصϢ̼䣬ַס·ˣΪ˲ɱ򻯱ڲ˵Ŀǹɱɱֱӽ򻯱˺У˺ס
Ȼһ̣򻯱ڵͻأͬʱʮӡֱǱµĽϣʹý˲仯֮ɫ˵Ŀ⳯źˮ֮ȥ·Ҫ͸һУ׹˸ֱӳ˺Уֻ¿յһй޴򻯱תƶţݻһС
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ı֮ƺʶ˲԰㣬ΪƾϹһ뵽ֱַܽӶɱַ·Ȼ򻯱׵Ϊһ壬飬겻𣬸޷
ң˿̽߶·޷ˣʱ·λһƬǿ֮У磬޽ֱײȴֻڵĹŶ·ǰûг룬·ͳȥˣַˣֻʣ
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һŭ漴˵Ĺ֮ûãӡӡڽϣ֮Ĵ߶ŶҪ̺Ҳ
ʱַҲƣĹôɱԷɼһλǿ۾Ҫɱε֮ѣʹ۾ȫһģȻ˾ȻѾˣͱٳȥˣɣ붦УζԵξ޴ģҪöԷǿЩȼյ
ӡȥԽԽģӰ·ֳֻ鴤۾Ľޣʱ·˿־֮⣬ܺ£ѵգҪһλʾС
ֻӰվǣһɰһеϢθַ߰ȴֻһĿģɱԷ꣬ǴۻۣҪ
ʱ仺ĹȥӰԽԽӡɲϴϣĿ¶һĨɫ̾Ϣû뵽ҽգС
һֱڹŶ֮в𣬼֤ҵδҲһ죬㲻ָ̾Į͸һϵİԵ֮⣬ʹýĺݺݵĲ˲漴ֻ΢΢ͷûټνĵֿ꣬ʼıһ뵽Ŷȥ


2242 ˼
ףղսе򻯱׵ĴݻٵŶ׵Ľȥַ˻ص˱֮У򻯱߳궯ԵЩȻַȴâٶȼ֤򻯱
Դַõ򻯱֮󣬺ٽⱦȻȴżо򻯱֮е֮ʵַ뵽棬ĹУҲᾭһʵλ֮󣬼ԵȻȵָ֮оΪʵ·׳ЩϾ꾭˶սΪһĸַûдŽʥɽԼܹӦǲȥ鷳ɽʥǰ
ҩɽʥʶ׳˺ܶ࣬ңɽʥԲϵĽ޸ʶޱǿҲΪɽʥǰѰĽŲùʥ޸׳Чӵָá
ַ㽫򻯱УĿ⵱֮⣬ǹŶŶһ۾꣬һȫȼͷ֮ʱһλ۾ǿߣܹɾ޴в
Ҳڴ˿̣һٻӰƮַǰΪ֮˰ɫĳȹƮ·ʳ̻ӣǰ
׹ƻ£²ǿΪַ֮Ű˹֣׵ĹϾ˵޹ս֮ʹùݻ࣬ȻҪʾǸ⡣
ȻܹʾΪɱҹǽڵǿߣսǿʣƽûвһ͵Ļ
̸սַƽĻӦȻȴֻ΢΢ҡͷۣͨԷһͷҪɱ⽣ڵǿ׷ɱȻ㻹δùŶ֮ǰͺǽսûв´Ļ㲻ҪŶƾ㱾սҲ㹻ɱͨĴ۾ǿˣңӵֶܵΣʹöԷһֱ׷ɱ㡣
ô˵ɡַ΢΢ͷҲûбҪȥʲôڸղԷ̸Ҳиͷ
׹Ҫܹ̤ͬʥ򣬲֪Ϊޣûл᣿ַ㿪ʵƬƺǴ˵ĴڣνضĪ⼫ΪȻҪʶһʥʥš
ҵȷô˵Ҳ˵ͬҪսʤңʸһǰʥ˵ȫţ̤۾ȫսʤҵǱȴϾֻʾΪҲȥԼȥս
ҲʾҲ㹻ءַЦ£ʹð΢漴Цԡ
д⡣ַ΢΢ͷϣʮӡ̼䣬Ƭף·һ֣֮Ƭ׿ռ䣬˺ɫһеĺΪ
ͬʱַ㱳貵֣â֯ҫޱȣȻ䣬ֱӻһ⳯ǰİ˳ȥٶȣԵЩˡ
ˣһɲǼ䣬ַ㽵ٶԷǰһƻӡĴȻȴֻԷ廯һӰҲ硣
ÿķӦٶȡַ΢ٶȲֹͬһЯ޾ޣŶԷ׷ÿһɱ̺
Ȼ䣬ǰĺˮĶţһɱɷ·͸һУֱӳַɱ˹ĺ磬ַһȭƿеһйҪһȭ֮»˫ǿµģȻˣɵɱɺݺݵĻϣ·ҪĨ
ֹΪΣգܹɱ˵꣬ǻɢǿҲûãԷɱ֮ӵд͸һйɱãַֻͨ۷徳ǿߣ׾ͻᱻԷĨɱ겻һ
˿̣ղѾսһַǹиоܡ
ˣַһ˳ȥָ̼֣ԲʱƬ׿ռϣŭһɱ֮ſµڶԷԺ֮УҲðɹ׵ĺˮ·ڷըѣַǰĺˮ·Ҫ
ַֻһ̤ŲƣٶȲңɱȻַٶײʹһˮ鶼ҪըѣĹǿһ̶ȵʱ򣬹Ǽȿµġ
նɱɱַ֮·Ҫ͸Է۾ʮӡĳŶԷȥɵĵԷ
շ·Ҫɫɫ¶𾪵ɫû뵽һ۷徳κһ涼ܹսǿĴ۾ٶȡеַ֮Ǵɵĵ
ˡַҪʱ򣬰һʱַХӰͣվڰǰԶĿ⿴ŶԷ׹
Ѿ㹻ˣҿԴһ̤뵽ʥСַ˵ʹַɫһ漴Ц˱лˡ
лңҪ̤ʥһ˵޷ֻϣѣң˻ǻҪͬ顣ƽ˵ַ㿪ڵļλսҲ
ҡҡͷֻһǿԣ⼸㣬Իᱻ׻ɱֻΪǵĳԼλӵвƵʵǵսȴǾ޵ģڰ۳ǵУмܹɱǡ
ַɫ΢ܹɱղǼ˵Ĵ۾ǿߣսȻǷǳ˵ġ
Ȼˣ׹βȥһ𡣡ַ㿪ڵȻȴһĨɫʱַɫ΢£·ʲô㣬Цŵ׹ﵣƿزˣǵս²Ȱ׹
ַ²⣬ղźսİ𣬾ȫʢİ𣬶ԷҪҵսǿͬ飬ֵͬս̫ǿ޷ƿأַ㣬սǿᣬڰΪַ㣬ǿƿصģҪսǿˣǣҪսֳʵǿһЩˡ
ǳȥɡûлӦǿڵһַ΢΢ĵͷһ˵γźȥ˳֮Ⱥ۾ǿ߾ȻûӰͫײɵö΢΢£ҹǣĿһʼգѾ䣬ַ㣬Ȼɱ˽
׹ﾹȻͬһܹƻ޹ôţǸղţû˸̤޹Ϊôˣ˰С


2243 
建ڿգٶȽɽ֮ϣΧȺڵѾڵ۳֮ѡ֮ˣͬһǰʥ֮С
Ļ£ʱļλͫ׶΢΢£漴ֻһЦô˵׹ͬҵˡ
תַ㣬е֮һˣҲѾѡΪܹǣұӦǰ
Ŀⶢַ㣬âɨһʾޣѡôڵ۳֮мʢ£Ȼѡַ㣬ȻϿɵɣǶַսϿɣǼλ궼ǰ۳еķеȻܻΪʾַ㣬ǿ󣬼ַղɱ۾ǿߣһλȻǶַƾһű۱һеġ
ˣֱ˭ûַ㣬˿ʵ
ຣ֮𵭵Ŀ˵ʱȺɫһɫѿຣ֮ȻѡǼһǵȷûʸຣֻ֮ٶϣʤǣһΰܽ˦֪Զ
˭
֮˵һ֣ʹüλɫıֻһ˿ڵ׹ﲻǴ㽫Ǽ̬ͬаɣĻ԰׹пɲһкô
𱨳ĵڶ֣Ҳ˿֮ǾǸֲĹĶܶɱ۾ǿڣڴ֮۷ִڣ֮˵ǻ˺ܶϹΣնûʲô˸Һ۶ңȺȻû뵽׹ѡּһ
ˡһλʵĪǷ˲ɡ
֮ͫԡŵ֮
𻺻ı֣Χ໹ޣЩϢͷ𺳣ѹְ׹Щ⼸λ꣬Ѿһţ۳еĿ´ڣȻ԰׹еһˣǶԵСÿκһ˽ٵĻԺɨǡ
ຣ֮֮֮ͫԡŵ֣֮ѾٱἰˣΪڰ۳ǣѾǵǿຣ֮Ǵɵʹ϶ĺˣٶ˫񱩣֮ںܶǰͶɱܶ۾Ϲޣļɵţ˸ϹҲٳ֣ڳˡ
ͫͺͫĺˣ츳µ˼£Ŵ޵ĿʣǱ塣
֮ԲǴ֮ʱ͵˴ɵľѪʹϵ̺Ѫܹãû˸ҺƴķͬҲ޵еĴڡ
ĵŵ֮ӦΪͨĴڣȴͨû֪ıʲôŵ֮ޣȴȥн˰ʱ⣬Ľ˵Ѿ˵Ƿ켫һأ֪жô£һնͬµĵ۾Ľº޵ֿӴ֮󣬵ŵ֮֮ǡ
׹Ϊ׵֮ҲǼʢ˱ƺԵЩȱ˷ͬУǷǳΣյһ飬еһˣ̫¡
Ϊ֣վɽ֮ϵһ꼸ûƢƣ𱨳
վһԵַ㣬ֻǿȺķӦܹ֪˵ǿ
˵еκһˣӵɱǰʵôǵսӦվ˴һ۷ĲΣܹɱһ˵Σճ̶ȣ֪׹ûпô򵥣ҲҺЩͬС
׹ǰ磬ֻǣӦޣʾ磬кʸͰ׹ͬСʱֻһɫ국Ŀ˵Ϊǰ˵⼸λˣຣ֮ͬڣȻʵȴຣ֮ȵѹһͷຣ֮ڣ·ԶֻܳΪģʵϣʵҲǼΪǿġ
ǲԺսʤȡ֮ǡ𵭵˵ʹ£ĻƺжУַʵҪǿģȻôҲеһţΪʤ
ȻҲΪнֵıҪΪ⣬һҪ油Ϊ̤ʥĹУʱܻᷢһЩʣˣϣоͬУҲҵ֮Сƽ˵һȻΪ油Ĵڣôоңĵλ·һλ֮
Ȼ䵭ĿڵȻˣ֮ˡ
ҲóƣҲδ⣬ȻͬĻǱ׼ɡ
ȥʵ
ȥˡ𿪿ڵ
׹ĪѾģ¶һĨɫຣ֮ͬڣ񶼲Էںδο˸Ī⣬Ѱҵ
ȻȻȴǳ϶ĻӦһ
׹ǻһ𣿡ʱļλЩȻˣǱǰѰ𽻳һЩģȻ鵽ڣǷ·˰㣬ἰǼ֮Щ·Ϊ޹ؽҪĴڡ
һҵŮ𵭵Ŀһ۵
ɫ΢΢һǣһûС
ҵҪ׹۹ΡʱһĿȻ䶢ַ㣬˵£Ű˺һֲĺݰ㳯ַ˵2243ȥƻں֮ɫȻ񷳯ַҪƬ춼ѹˣƬ񷶼ںڵƣѹա
ַȴֱѹŲȻ䳯ǰ̤˳ȥֱϮԷӡĳԷ֮С
ȥ׷·һֲ棬ϵмѹַ壬ǿȻַܣٶȿ磬ֱƳǰӡĵԼӡȫԷ
ŭһ˫ƳŹͬʱϿյշѹ£ƬռֳһΣҪɱַ㣬˵ΧѾ˺ڰ硣
Լȭâݺݵı¡һֲ죬ڵַ㳯ŭһ׵֮ɱƿһ󶴣һ컯ʥ˳ȥ˶Էϣ̼ɶԷʹɫңŭһλûΪһֲĺţ
ϿյѹºַϣַҲٵ˶ԷǰһȭݺݵĺɱֲײǾ޴ĺţ˳ȥڵѪɫҺ峯¿յ䣬Ŀġ
ÿ񱩵ըԵĹ̫ˡȺ𵴣޵Ĺ޻࣡


2244 
ַڻ˶ԷʱҲĿУȻ·ӲĿסЩϾ֮ǰѾ֮˲٣ֱֿܹ
Ķս֣Ѿܹ֤׹Ķ۹ˣַ㣬ȷʵҪƾǹŶ֤ʲôֻƾ豾ʵҲԻһλˣսǿЩˡ
㻹ʲô˵𣿡Ŀ⿴ǻΪĺţɫƽ·Ѿϵսְ㡣
˾޴ţͫ漴³һȻ׹̤뵽ʥҲԽȥҪͰ׹һ𣬺ڡ
˵գӰûΪˣԶȥû⼸λҲȥֻʣ˰ʵΪѡֻŰ׹׼ô
΢΢ͷ
ȥѰ˭
ຣ֮Ȼ޷֪ȴ֪ϳຣຣ𵭵˵һʹͫ׶Ȼ£ɫԵΪЩÿຣ֮ȻȥຣˣϲຣѲʲôܣܶ˶֪ຣȴû̫Ȥຣ֮ȥຣˣβ
ػ˵漴Ӱ˸ͬ뿪ߣֻһŮһŮ˵ģһ油ѡȻڱҪʱ̣ҲܹΪİ֡
̸ַȥĿⲻ䳯ַһۣȻΪ油ôлὫַȡַ֮սղſУȷʵܽȻǰûκεĶԻʸ񣬵ܹǿвġ

ãã޾ຣһй˿̣еһйУӰ໥һݻ߹֮ϣɫۣĿͶ̺һζȻɣ͸һʦ֮ȡ
ϵŮҲǷǳ˿СŮ̬ԣԵøĹɡ
ʲôʱҸף˿̣Ůӽ˵˸оһ꣬ĿⶢԶȷǷ̤۾磬ֱףû˭ܾ
Ů΢΢˵ͷֻЩˣȻһֱ׷ңҶһ˼ûС
ǡ국˵ڴ˿̣ĿȻ̧𣬳Ͽȥ˫Ҫ͸󣬵˭
£ˮ·Ҫֿͬһ㣬ԵŮ˳Ͽջȥ̼Ƴ˼ǧֻмӰ˵ء
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ȻŮһɫȻò԰ף˫ֽգŮ˱һԲǣຣкܶôΪڣо·һжĭûлˣΪŮһˣ
Ůӿ֮ˣǣЦݲá
ຣ֮׼һЩǰʥȥ𣿡ֱ˵ʵûκεķϻ
ʥ򡣡ຣ֮ȷɫʵ˭
Ǽ⣬Ҵǰȥ֮֮ͫԡŵ֮
ຣ֮£漴ʱ䡣
ۼ֣
ຣ֮ƴһö򣬶ʱ˹ͬ򣬸һ
׼ʱ֪ͨһһǰຣ֮ƽ˵ûκζĻ
ãǡ΢΢ͷһӰ˲ϢХȥûаͣ˫ǼΪֱӣֻ˫ȭʼսţżȻ鴤ţ·һֳ嶯ûͷŰ㡣
֮أһ޾ݵɽ֮ϣߣƬݣַֻоһȷΪĴ̱ǣǹϢ뵽ڣ˸оܣ·ѪҺ޷ڵٶҪ
ǡĶַͷ΢Ȼ䣬һɳ泯ȺĺݷʴַӿâնɱͬʱԵİ𲨶ңɱɳȻǺݲɢӹ·Ҫڵһж
Ϲʥȥȥһ̼䣬Ʈĺ·ֹͣ˰㣬漴Ǻɽ֮УһֲľŲ˳ն񣬶Ĳȷ
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Ѿຣ֮밵֮ͫԼŵ֮ȥ񣿡ɷǳֱӵʵ
֮죬ͷŹ漴ˣǰѶɡ
˵գӴٶ˺֮Уʧ·ûгֹһ
ôļӡЩõĵ뵽Ϲ졣
һվɡ𵭵˵Ѿټˣ
ͬһƬãã֮Уһ֮ϣҵ֮ԣϵͷɫĴǣûԵù죬ƽ˼Σգ֮ҲûʣֱӴӦ
ͫһɽУȻɱҵˣɼ֮ǰѾ㹻׼׾ʹ˰ͫ⼫Ϊ䣬ǿޡ
һˣǵŵַ֮֮ͬп˵ŵ֮һۿʱվɽıԵ֮أĿ⿴Զˣڶۿʱˣֱʱ֮ˣ޷סһǳĺãҪȥ֪Ҫʱ
ŵʥȥ񣿡ֱʵȻһΣȴᣬŵ֮վǣĿңʣ·֮һУ޹ء
һ𣿡ַвŵ֮ȻΪͨˣ¶Ϣͷţһ۵ʱ̫ͨˣڶЩͬ۸ֱִͬᷢ˷Ƿϸȥʱֻ֣ᷢ˺ͨ
ûٿڣֱٿҲãֱŵ֮ĿԶջ񣬲ſ𣬻شȥʱ䡣
Ѿ롣𵭵˵ˣȫϵĴӦˣûκζĻ


2245 
ãȻǳˣ֪ͨˣڶգ֮⣬һ
϶ຣ֮֮һâ
СҲˡ֮΢Ц˵Щڣ֮磬ຣ֮ʱѾŷɥ֣ʱʱ򣬲Ūຣ֮ޣֱຣ֮ɳԽԽ֮ȴЩ˼ɶԷȻຣ֮ҲκβϹһٶȣһǶΣա
ͫຣ֮Ŀɨһ۰ͫ·ǽɫɫϵģΪ죬ңͫںƵѪҺѪóٶȣȻ˴֮⻹Ѫٶȸʤһ
֣ǼȻˡ֮˵⼸Ĵڣɶѵһޣ֮⣬۳ǵ֪һСĲ
ֻŵΪƽƼΪƽ㣬Ȼ˶һľ룬һû˸ͨһսˣǳµģκһҪΪСģȻߣǿ󣬵ȴӺԼĴڣǰ׵֮Ů𣬿ҲΪ򵥣ҪСĵ㡣
ʾַԼͬΪ۾аһλŮǱǺܺõĺӵˣûϸ۳ǣƬ֮ɭгǳصУһΣܹģҲôѣڣôＸһ
ˣ׼һ£Ҫ̤ˣļһɶǷӡʱһۣƽ˵
Ҫȥһˣͳֱؾ˵ѾѳɴСɼͷƿţȺսݣĸײǰ̤ʥǷ֪Щʲôʱຣ֮Ű𣬿һأɲʲô˶̤ģ˵׼ǿ޴ڡ
֮ǰ۳ǵЩ󱲱Ϊϣ̤صˣȻǿû뵽ȴΪûʸ񣬶ҵຣ֮Щǰ
ȥ˲֪ˣ֮ʧǡƽ˵һʹԵ϶֮˳࣬ȻˣǾͳɣҿڴܾˣͬһȥˣҪ̤ͨǴеʥ֮У²ôװɡ
ȥ֪ˡŵ˵漴ֻͬʱǰһȥǱպţ·һͨǰУȻ䣬ǵӰʧΪΡ
һ̣ǳһƬɱϢԶſռ䣬ǹɿµϢĸо̤һɲǣоĿ⽫ε
öޡַһоΧ޾ޣ·ʱܱ߷ѣͻأ䣬һͳĺǹ⾳ͷƤĸо·¶Σ֮С
ȻͬЭҲúǰһԶ޷ȥˡ𵭵˵һʹַɫһƺʶһƬôΣյأˣԶ޷ȥˣȻˣһӦʱȥûκεԥȻǶѾͷֻһֱҲһڣͬеˣӦһǰء
Ƕԣλڴһ۷壬ѾѰ֣ʥ򣬶ǣмջ
˷׷׵ͷ漴Ųǰ̤Ŵеȥ˵ֻΧֻ̤ɱܹ֮С
ԽǿȻ䣬Ĺ첻ϣ漴ȺǰռѹѹһƬ·Ҫ񷶼ѹһƬݣȫʼģڣһ˫޴Ȼǵͷ­˰üѿ
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߰ɣȥɱǼۡຣ֮ƽ˵ɫ˫ſ漴建ڿգȻ䣬ſ͵Ĺ˳쵽ͬһ㡣
ÿ졣ַֻһຣ֮ͳȺУмޣ̫ˣֱַﾹȻܹôĹޡ
һڵצֱ֮ӳຣ֮˳ȥȻຣ֮ٶ̫ˣ֮䣬˲Ϣ޾룬漴³У̼¿յһйҪ飬ֻһɲǼ䣬Ͳ֪˶С
˼֮Ц£漴Ӱǰ˳һŹĿ¶ﳯԶ˳ȥԽԽŨǹȷ磬ó߿ʶ棬漴
ͫӰڿգ˫ޱȵͫ׷·֮ɫһɿµķ籩ϯ·նŤһѪյвϵƮ£Щ޵岻ϵıɱ
ŵȻһնɱ񷣬ȫ
ַƽĿǰһĻĻȺɨһУȻھԵǰޱӴƺѾвˣ˵ʵȷʵ̫£ɨһУͬɹսʬɽеˣ֪ж١
ʵҲǿһɹʱ˵첻ϣЩ޷ܵסһǵĹȴһεĲסɰǧ֮Ⱥڳ˽ǰѹѹһƬ̫ˡ
ַŲһ̤ɵ֮˳⻷ӿ֣ͬʱʮӡֱӻһ٣ֻһɲǣ֪ж䣬ӵηȺսһͷ֪ö䣡


2246 Թ
ַǣǧȺ幥ʱɿ޷ܵˣǵٶҲǼ죬ຣ֮۾˫ٶȺ͵ȿ£Ⱥ֮УҲûκε޹ܹȺϣÿһȻ䡣
֮³Ķ･Ļ۶µĶʰ棬ЩըʱȫѾӴõͬȺ㡣
𣡡޵ŭ죬ַЯǰ˳ʮӡִ⻷ɨһУ֮䡣
ַֻһȥʻȻңܰᣬ峯¿׹ȥһַֻĿⲻ֮⣬ûܹ赲ľŴǿߣԺɨǧ̬ɱܿ죬޽ıϡֱһ߾ߵѻڵ֮ϣɽʬǣ·𽫴ضȾ죬Ŀġ
սôµȺ֪ᾭʲôµַȻ¾̬ǰȻȴδоɣ෴Ŀⶼ΢мأǸոտʼѣô⣬һ֧µʾˣأλôӴȺġ
𣬰׵ǰ̤˵ʥ㿴ܷɹͨأ̤뵽ʥСʱͫ˫Űһ
ȻѾ˼ǰв֪ô𵭵˵ǰ̤ȥɫ˸ҲĽŲʱǰĿռ䣬һɿµԹ·Զŵ֮أ޾ǿߣһ޼ʵĿռûκεӰȴżйԼһư֮ʹ˸оëȻ
⵽ʲôطо΢Щ⣬ǰ˵ĸоǣĹ»ҰԹ㣬ʹǵĽŲ΢мֳ
ҪҪ·Уٶȵ˵˾䡣
ԼưɡûпֻǻӦһʹɫһɫǳÿֻӲͷƤǰ֮ԻҪ·Ϊֱ˵طǳΣա
һ˺̤뵽ƬƮĴ֮ϣʱǸоǹԹԽԽǿˣһƵĹ㣬ֱ˳ǵ˫ȣϣ·Ҫǵ֮ϡ
ʲô֮³һڶʱЩɫĹʧ
ԹڣңΪӴ󡣡ŵ³һȺԶĬԹ顣
һֻ֮ϣͻأӿ׹⣬ȫȥ˲佫ûһ
ӿһεķ֮дնһɫ쫷ЩɫĹ㽥ļ٣ֱʧȻȴһİ׹⡣
۾ݺݵıϣ·սƬָ֮糣۾ȴˡ
Թ飬ӴԹ̵ǵʶСĵ㡣˵Ȼǰ̤Ųÿһ·Ų˸գԽˣǹɰ׹ٶȸ죬ܿ죬ַֻоܶεԹҪԼ壬·ҪռԼԺ㡣
ַԺз·ҲµԹҪɱ¾ƺоһɲġоķŭ֮бӰš
ȥַ֮ɫ·ΪһˣʮӡԼÿһλɵĵԼӡֱӽЩԹĨǸ޷ɵ֮¡
ַǵĽŲļӿȻƬռƺΪĹңңޱߡ
Թ޾ĨеԹͶ飬ᱻǹͷӰ졣ַаݣʱһµİɫԹ뵽ԺУֱӳ˹ȥ
ַ֮Уӡ˳Թ֮ϣȻԹ·Ҳ˿µ˻𣬾Ȼ³޾İɫԹײһͬʱɫԹַԺеÿһȥ
ַͷ΢ӡΧЩԹԺеԹƺһΪԹҪռꡣ
ɱ޾ٽɱַ꾭ѣҲħ֮ڵ֮Ϊ£һԹͬʱȫԹ顣
Թ鷢ʵĹǺ֮ƺҪߣȻַӣѹӡԼµħ֮ͬʱԹΧ˹ȥֱǵԹըѣĹ㣬ּҪַԺ֮УһӡֱȥɢԹȫĨȥֱĨɱɾַ΢΢˿Թ̫ǿڡ
ַ⣬Ҳ˸ԹĹȻһεĹղƻֺ꣬ȻȴӵΣգһԹռ꣬ǽޱȿµһ¡
ʱַȻǰֻһӴİɫԹվǣ·ԹԼǵͫװݣûκУôַǡ
һӴԹ鲻ΣкܶӴԹ飬ݽȥͫɢŰ׹⣬ǳ¡
öԹ飬мپߡַϹħͷŶԹƺΣ
ǿ±һǱԹռݣΪڵģǱռݣͻΪеһԱʹȺɫ΢΢һ½ԶͷųϢĿжһϢ
ꡣͫ˵漴Ӱ̤˳ȥµİɫͫ׻ֲУȻ۳ɿ·籩Ȼ佫ǰһӴԹ֮ͫУ漴ʳɷ顣
ǿǰͫ츳ɡַ΢ͬһ츳Ѫ֮Уһͷͷųӿ
ŵҲһʱɱЯ֮⣬ֱ˺һԹ飬ƽˮ·Ҳһ˿ͷˣսҲԽĿ¡
ǳǰλǿߣຣ֮֮֮ͫԡŵ֮ȷʵκһˣӵг׵սǵĲܴ࣬󣬲һ㣬һԹɫͬΪ۾磬Է˿ɱԹ飬ȴûʵ
ƾǿʢʵƬռ赲ǰеĲɱԹ飬־νɱȻûܹ赲סǣ̤ڲԽԽˡ


2247 ʧٵǿ
ڣˣѾܹǰһȹϵˣȻԼŵм񷣬Ѫɫģ֮أƮһƿµϢһĨļɵ֮⡣
߹ȥܹˡ𿪿˵ʱַͫ΢΢£Ҫ̤ڲô⴫еĵطʲô˵أ޾ǿĹۣ޵ãʥ򣬸汾ԡ
ʱַϣһѪȵϢȻһ·Ƕɱ¾
ʲôط૵һǰѪɫ񷣬ΧκιǶе⣬ңҲҴ⡣
Ծ֪ˡֻຣ֮峯ǰȻ䣬ȻĴӰͬһ㳯ǰȥɲǼ䣬ƬѪɫ֮£Ȼһ̣·㣬ٶͻȻ÷ǳһǰŲţ˫޴ͫȻߵַˣͫҲຣ֮ξȻܵơ
ʲôط֮ʵֻ֮ϣѪɫձã·εϳຣ֮Ϲȥε·ûκεĲϢҲֻƬռ䣬޷ܵõ
֮⣬۳Ѫɫգǵĵຣ֮³һȻХһ·޾֣ǰȥ·Ҫ˺ǹѵǰС
ຣ֮ٶ˫Ƶֵزɼжǿ
֮Ȼ䱼¡¡Ŀ첻ϣ̤أƬռ䣬ͻأ䣬ٶҲȻֻһȭȭɱзХŲɳǰٶȣȻҪຣ֮Ҫһ˿
ǣ赲ຣ֮֮Եһһó֮ԣΪǿ󣬲Ÿơ
ǣҲ̤ƬѪɫ֮£ַҲ⣬̤Ųַ֮ŸܵĿ£µ֮˻֮ޱȿµĳ֮УоͷƤ飬һɲǼ䱳˲֪ѹຣ֮˵֮۳Ѫɫգǵĵ⣬̫ˡ
ˣַŲȻ̤ӿħ⣬ͫڣħƣ͵ʴ
͡һѪɫ·һУֱӳַг·һӰҪַ˺ѵ
ַ귢ŭٽɱ֮ĨȻַɫȴԽƬѪɫ̫ˡ
ˣһǰУÿһôļѣȴûȴ֮⣬һǰ
⵽ʲôط۳һƬµգѵ޾Ĺ۶ɵôַаţֻһɲǼͷ˿עǰ·ϣƱҪ̤Ƭռ䡣
ŵ֮ǵһӽŵˣǰֱŶ룬̤һƬռ䡣
֮ŭһأȻҲƿһУ˹ϵС
ţͫຣַ֮֮Ƿ׷ײţƬѪɫ񷣬ûܹ赲סǵĲ
ַ㲽֮Ȼ֣˿Լվһ̨֮ϣҲڣַԵǣ˿̸̨ΧĴӰǴַˣ¶һĨĨȤɫ
Ȼ䣬ַ·ʲô̧ͷ漴㿴֮УһƬĻͰŮӰ棬ƬѪɫ¼ѵǰУ澭һУĻ֮ĳš
ַɫӲǴ澭ΧһĻĻЩȺע֮£
ҲʱַһΧȺԼƬռ䣬һӵǣ磬һ޳Ǳɸ̬иߴǧ׵ţǱ޴ĹԳǱǱΣţԳ
֮Уһµľ޴ޣ𡢾ӥ񡢳źɫǿ޺ǵı壬ڿգĿߡ
ذɣȻ޵áַຣ֮ǶĿΧĿռ䣬ͫ΢΢
СһҲˡʱһຣ֮ɫ£ĿȻ䳯ĳȥֻһͷƤӰʱຣ֮ͷݺݵĲ£ǡţ塣
ôˣңʵôû㸸ĸʧͷһ˫ǵ΢Ц˵ԭһţޣຣ֮֮ʱĳຣ֮ĸ׹ϵǳãຣ̤֮뵽أȻ
ţ壬ôҲຣ֮ɻ󣬿ʵ
ڣ㸸Ҳġ국˵ຣ֮ɫ̣ͷȻĲ˲Ҹףڣ
ȻȻΪ㸸ôҲƬأͳһ껺˵ʹຣ֮嶼΢΢˲ȻˣΪβȥҡ
ຣ֮ԵЩȻȴ΢Цţҡҡͷء
϶ּˡʱһһΣǺ֮ĿˣǰһӰ˳ļΪѿͷ϶·ŧ㣬˫ű˵ʱ˸о˿˿֮⡣
㣬ǰʧǵ֮ɫӲǰ֮ˣΪ𵴣ϹʵǷǳȻ츳̫ǿۼսȴǼΪµġ
ǵģұٶ꣬϶Ķǳѿ֮˵Цŵ
֣ΪѾ۾ˣʱͻƵģ֮ŶԷ
Ѿͻһʮˣ㾹Ȼԭľ硣˴Ц˵¶һĨɫʹú֮ɫӲǳÿһʮ꣬Էʵµһΰɡ
ﵽʲôط֮ǳ⣬ƣޣ˦һʮꡣ
أһϲġ˹Ц£ʹú֮ͷ΢΢ţǣĿ׷׻ΧȺ
ʧڰ۳еǿޣѵ̤࣬ƬôʱͫȺʵ
̤صˣ˶˵ˣҲȥǶ飬ἰֻԴ޵ãףЩ̤صǿޣޣʵδ䣡


2248 
ͰŮҲ½˳ǿһ֮Ҳסˣһǿǣͬһ㡣
Ȼأ磬ôеʥأʲôط˿̣ͫ˫ɨˣһ
ʥ͵硣˻Ӧ˵أҲҪ̤ʥɣҲʹһġ
ô֪ƽ˵Ϊʥ
ǰ׵ۺ˰ɣǰãʥȥĿⶸȻڰϣɫ񣺡׵ȷʵţҪʥ򣬲εһ׵ۣעҪ䡣
ɫȻһǿߣ֪Ҹ׻䣿
ֻ˻·һ֮УݣȻ¶Ŀ⣬ȴ·ɢſµĹâ㣬ΪĿֲ
Ȼ׵Ҫһ磬Ȼ䣬ӲħϣʵѾ˰׵ۼߵӣϣģȻһУעҪˡ˵˵ʹðɫӲ
ԷĻӼᶨ˰ͷһҪ̤ʥ֮С
֪ܹ̤֮ˣнʥĻᣬ԰ɣʱ˵֮˿ʵ
ǵģֻһΡ˵˵
Ҫʥ򡣡ĿⶢŶԷ
ÿƬȣҪ̤ʥҲһ΢Ц˵ȵ̤ʥ򣬱֪ΰˡ
ţ壬ҪҸסʱຣ֮ţ޿˵ţ΢΢ͷڵȻЩͬһȥɡ
ຣ֮Ŀˣ֮ɫ˸漴˵ͷǾؿɡ
ߡţ˸Ųһַ̤̤ϣһնУ¿һ޳Ǳΰ׳ۡ
˶ˣַʵʵĴڣһֱڴ˵֮С
йĴ˵Ѿ֪жõˣʵûж޼ģֻƬ֮˵¶˼ʮ£ˣڵĻǸµϹټʮĿֲڡӦһʹַʮϹȷʵˡ
ΰȻǴڵģңǻԵƬ֮ɭҲ֮ţƺǳĳݣĿ¶һĨľη֮⣬־ηǷĵģƬô̵꣬ĸܵƬصǿУͬ㣬ϵĴڡ
Ծһűţຣ֮һ̬ľ޴ĳǱ֮ǰǱǱҪӵĺӴſ˫·ҪضݽȥǱڴĸ£޻ۣһǰ㡣
ţ˵彵ڵأ漴Ǳ֮У۾ӵޣս̨׵޾ţȫɴɣӥΣڵĴͺͶͷܼ⣬ຣ֮Լм֮ǵı嶼Ǵ
ǿľšַͷ΢£֧ţͨĴΪ۷Ϊŵͷǵ۾ַӶԷϣо˺ຣ֮ƵϢ
ΪӢޣǳңһЩ޸̤صʱ򣬶ѱģˣأһֱһǿľţ̻ЩޣǶôǿ޽ҪصĹǵս˶ԳΪһ֧Сӵ޶ӳˡ
ţŴǰ߹һޣڵĸףƬͳ죬Ͻ£С޾ӣٹСӻһ֮ʱܹ齨һ֧޴ͳͳ˧
ַ΢΢£漴ַֻ㿪ʵͳͳϽһƬжƬأж󣿡
ҲмȤҪ֪Ƭأж
֪жپӢ̤ƬأҲʱǺģȻŵԽԽ࣬ǿʼ֦ɢҶƬأѾһƬˣһƬ磬һλͳͳϽа޾ۼصͳ˵Ѿˣң⻹ֻأӢȺ֮ء
ַ΢΢£ʮ̣ڵޣȷʵܼ򵥣ǰʷͿԷܳʮڵ˿ڣοǼʮ꣬޵ǳԽǿޣԽ£Ǹʮ궼ɴš
𣿡𿪿ʵ
Ȼɲ磬ӵзǳǿΪʵͣᵼԽԽӴʱ£ѵΪֻйڵ޴ôƶĹأ޵ѪˣʱڣͱŵȥĸĸȫϾϵͳ춼ΥɣΨпԼʵǲʸгһ»صƬӢȻǰǻԸҲˡ
ҪʲôַԷĻͷݺݵĲ£ƶƬسΪӢ磬ӵǿ⣬кܶ磬ܻͬʱ£Ҳ֪ܵʲôزҪһȾ½һƬλ½
Ƭص޾ӣַڤĳţصĹģѾչڤĲΰɡ
жٸ磿ຣ֮ʵ
ԼȥˣȻˣԺƬеһԱˣǵˡ˿̣ţ˵ֻһɫĴǰֺ·סŴеߴڡ
ͳ졣˿̣ţһʱǰ֮УΧĴƺʶ
ţ֡һ֮漴ιһϵӰǵǰຣ֮ЩȻʸĿȻຣ֮ϣ˫֮оǷâ
סຣ֮ǰ֮ˣɵúһ
üһҵĶӣҲЦһʱ·ű˿£ʹͷ΢ͳĶӵˣء
ףһΪ˲⣬ԭ̤أ㵱ôҡຣ֮ʵ
ûʲôøߵģʱѾвƵսˣѵҪǱ㲻ɡͳͬ͡


2249 
ຣ֮ɫ£漴˵ͷĸأȥ
ˣս䡣ͳƽ˵·˵һǳͨ㣬ຣ֮͵Ĳ£ˡ
ҪȥˣѾڣͲȥŬǿպһΪһƬͳ죬Ϊĸ׸𡣡ͳ쿴ຣ֮һʧ䵭˵һ
˭ຣ̧֮ͷʵ
Ժ㡣ͳ쵭Į˵ຣ֮΢΢ͷҪȥʥʲôط
ȻأȻҪȥʥҴǰɡͳ컰£˫ȻſӹȺֻо屻һ쫷֣漴ǵ嶼ƮͳЮųնȥûйãһ֮ǰ
Ǵ󣬿ԽǴ͵ʥ֮ţѡһʥ֮Žȥúᡣͳ쿪˵ַ΢΢ͷ漴Ų̤˴ŵУһ̣ǳһƬ޵Ŀռ䣬Ƭ޿ռǰʥ֮š
ţΪҪͬеԭ򣿡Ŀ⿴˰
ֻ֪Ҹ׾ʥ֮ţΪ䣬һҪˣȵǳ֮󣬽Եļ以Σַǿ˵
˵ɡ֮Ŀ˸ţһʮ꣬ϻ˦һʮ꣬Ҫʥ֮ʲô˸ֱ̤֮еһʥ֮ŵС
Ƚȥɡຣ֮һһʥ֮ţ漴ͫǣ׷̤ʥ֮ڡ
ʥ֮ţļƻһһȣ˳⣬Ṳ̊һУȻ񣬾˶ãôȻˣҲ̤һʥ֮ڡ
ַ㣬󷽵ʥ֮ǰ漴Ų̤档
Ȼַ̤ʥ֮ŵһɲǣһɿֲַ˽ȥ
ַͷҲţ·ͣ޵Ŀռ֮У걻ɵˣԽʱգԶȥ
ַͷţȻȴֻ֣ùûãһ̣оԼС꣬·ûκЧ׵Ľˡ
̤·磬۷·ڴ˿̣һƮַĶĤ֮УʹȻ£漴ַ㷢֣˿̵ǰһλߣۣɷǣ͸ŷǷ֮ʣͬһ֮߰㡣
˭ַһȻû·𲻴ڰ㣬ֻеġ
ʱַͷٶȺݺݵĲ£Ȼķ֣ʱһߺ֮ͯУղƮεĻǴ⺢ͯ³ģоǶģ⺢ͯһ壬ֻǱ档
˭ʥ򣬵ô¡ַ˿һãȻȫϵ׷ʲô
ǰ΢΢ףͯԴ΢ЦŵС죬̤ɾ·ġ
Ҳʦ̵ġӵͯдаЦ⣬漴̵УϤĺǻַֻо侳·Ǻͯһɳ
ʱ±ǨַоʱüĿ죬ͯĳ󣬿ʼȥһսΪǿһգСһƬȵɱ˳ǧΧ˶ǿߣ۵ѿµĺۼ˪Ŀ䡣
һ̾ϢСγԶȥٴλصĵطʦƣ·һɲǼ䵴Ȼ޴棬ָֻ˺ͯϢʦ̵ͨʦҲǼΪĴȰ磬һ
ʱţСʵԽԽǿַҲ֪˶꣬Ѿûʱһôáȴôʵ·С죬ܹϲŭ֡
һ죬СΪѾﵽ˴۾磬ȻȴվȺɽ֮еʹᣬĻУһΪŮӣŮˣȴûܹʹޡͫѪգŮ˷һɽ֮ϣ漴ǰ֮ˣʼɱ¾һѪɺӣһɽѪȾ졣
ӴˣòŮǰʼ˪Ϊ½յһУȻΣһص˼ңصʦܵһί·ɢԺϢأԶļңַ㣬ܹܵܰѩݳǵļһůûκָܹо
СڳɳԽԽǿҲĽѣзսΣÿʱַоһģ·ӶԷ켣֮УԼӰӣһǿ·;֮вˣаǶǷħֻҪ̤۷·ͱȻ޾ʹࡣ
һ죬СԼĻҵһԼأΪһޱܵ˾˪Ŀ䣬һ۷·ܹǳ
һ죬С飬һŮˣȻյİˣȻѾﵽʥ۾ĲΣҲԼԼˡ
һ죬С˺ܶ󱲣֦ҶïΪѾﵽʥ۷徳
ڣСһУȥ׷ϵʥ׿һУ磬ãԼ磬ֱһգ򣬼һֻ̤ʥ򣬴һֿµͨ
һ죬ֻصϤĵط׵ˡ
ʦ𡣡꽥˲֮⣬Соͷ΢ЩʵѾʦӽˣʦҲ˲̬֮
С죬ˡɽУСһЦСǰʦԣǿʼصˡ
ʦˣΪ磬İο
С̧ͷʦЦģʦһͻ̤һ磬СҲᾡȫʦ𡣡
ܰʦʲôҡҡͷ
ֻҪġСѾǾǿߣȻʦǰԶǺӡ
ãھͰʦһæҿЩ꣬Щʲô˴Ц
Сͷ۾˵ƣԴϣſһУΪʦܡ
СɵͷſһУ·˺ܾáܾáСʱ򣬻Σ¶ޱʹɫʹģģ۽ˮΪԴһ֮Զᣬˡ
ʦΪʲôС켸˻Уһζʦ𷢳˻𣺡ʦҪĻҿԷ׳һУǣΪΣ
ףڵѪء׵ˣڶôʱһ뵽ģԶ
ַ㣬·ҲڿС쾭һܹܵһи飬Ҳʹ׶ĵʹ
ɵӣΪʵһУǿԷġĿɴ飬ƽ˵һɿµûСӵеһУꡢ䡣


2250 ʮһ
СûʦһɲǣʦžףͻأüΪĵĮ·ģѾû˸飬ˣҪκ飬Ըģļ䣬ȻˣȴķʽˣԣǶôĲпᡣ
ѾһնͲ֮ѾԵĸĮȻˣΨŶʦӵİ;һнԶһɲǣͻԵ˼󳹴ͻһĤԼʥʦ
Ȼȴûа̤˷֮⣬ΨбⲻҪͻƣѡԸһУҲҪ˽֡
ͻأ䣬һлַֻоͻأͻ嵱ƮվգС΢΢̧ͷĿַ⳯ȥʹַĺݺݵһԷ֪Ĵڣģʲô
ҵһоΣС̧ͷַ꣬Į˵ʹַȻ£ʱδüĵĲոգһһֻء
п̫ࡣַ̾ϢСĳɳѽԼ˽ȥ·С죬ڸղСʦС춯֮ʱҲͬо׶֮ʹʹһλǿߵʱ±ǨСһַԣһ֮ûид
˭ַСʵ
㵽ҵأȴ˭СƽĻӦһʹַȻûв´С죬ȻΪβޡ
֣Ϊβޣ֣ʥ֮ţʥ֮ڻʲôСƽ˵·ַĶҪ͸
˭˵Ҫޣ࣬Ҳҵ𣿡ԼشԼ⣬·һжôȻƽȻʵҲޣҲǾĺ㲻ͬǲһͬǣʵ
һˣӵжַ㲻ʵ
Ϊ˲ֹһСƽ˵ʱû˱ˡû˾ִַղž־뱯˵ַ㣬
ΪΣҪʥ̤֮ˣַƽϢģڵ
Ҫףǿߵ·;УҪ٣ͬҪףʱ׷ģ˽֣ʱͬˮ£ʱҪǶһǵľԣһһС컺˵һо޴ĳ
Ȼأַƽʵ
Ȼǻø͡ǿ󡣡
磬磬һУΪʲôַ׷ʡ
ҵһӦףǿҲ΢Ĵţ͵ʹΰһӵСǶһ·ȥ
˵ţ漴תĿ⿴񷣬˵û˭ø߸ϣǵ̳һֻһ鷲ˣҲû˭ñ΢Ĵڣ̤۷壬һܹЩ߸ϵĴڣһ̳
ַ㿴ıӰĲѹ֣Щޣǰĳ羴
û˭ø߸ϣǷˣû˭ñ΢Ƕл̳ƺҲһܹ׵ģЩ޵УӡǵԺӴˣǿ̳ϵˣҲô޷ʵǣӶ־ҲΪԼ΢ţǻ᲻Ŭ̳
Ҫ˭̳̫磬Ǿͥַ³һ˫ü΢Ȼк˸ֻתעַ㡣
ȻӵжôС죬ֻһıҲ˵һǿ־أıֻжǿ߸ϣǴ̳ǣǣ
ַ㵭Ŀ˵ַ㣬¶һĨȵɫ漴΢Цŵϲ㣬֮ǰҲϲһˣԳǰ׵ۣϧ̫ǿִԸңҲֻ۷徳磬ҿ㾭ҵİʮһһȥұ֤ʮһʮڽ뵽ʥ۾ˡ
ʮһ㲻ֻǰʮһַɫһ̫ˣȻ˰ʮһÿһ򼸰꣬ǧ꣬ꡣ
һΪһİʮһ൱ڸ˰ʮһֻأʮһָ򣬵ȷǳµģֻһַܾá
ǵģʮһҿһ֧µĵ۾ţ͹ˣοңѾﲻ֪˶á΢Ц£ЦݣַĸоĿ£ǰ£µжǿ޴֪
ңַţ½һЩ˼ԪµĳϹôǷĳһ֮УıЩ߸ϵ̳Լ̳
Ϲʱڣеû䣬Ҳǵ֮·ǷҲһҪһʼ־վ̳ǳ˵Ρ
磬̫̫ܡַеȻܶܣҲ޷ӴͬСҲֻǽӴ˴½һֶѣӵмʮ£Ҳ߲е·
ˣ㾭ҵ׺ܶģ޷ʱĵףڽ֮·ȥȥᡣ˵漴ַֻоƮһβƿأ磬ԷǾԵƿߡ


2251 һ
ַصԼıУȻʱȴֲ׺ɣ֮̾·ڸղǶݵʱ䵱УһȻǲԼ
ȻˣһĻĻͬ㣬صԺ֮У޷Ĩȥ޷
С񹢹ڻڼ֮УǷӰԼ򡣡ַеԽǶԼһָ򣬵ȴ̫ͶȥĻĴ뵽棬ַ㲻ַˣһ̫ʵСڣǷ·Ϊһİ㡣
Ȼַ㻹룬һɿֲٶַ㣬ûеֿһ˴ߣ漴ٶȺ룬ԶƮȥһַףҪһ
ַ˿һδҪһַǷ˸ѣԼ˭ΪÿһԼ˹һ
ѩУһ⡣ʱһ֮Ʈһַ̣оԼվһƬѩУһ嵱Уˣ˿轣ÿһôĸɴ࣬ѩնϣʹѩ׵ճһ̫ڰѩ֮ϡ
һλĿɾ꽣ޣΪ֮ԽǳѾƿغüְ
ʦ֡˿̣һ漴ַ㿴һѩŮɾƯ֮ǴһĨЦ⣬·Ҫѩڻ
ʦֽӽڴʱһ˹ֱ֮꣬΢΢һЦֽǰ˽棬˫˫轣˼
ˣѩŮӽԴļͷ΢Цʦ֣ʦʳڣѾʦ̸֮¡
궸Ȼɫһ˲Ϣò԰ڻǷˡ
ʦãʦҼ𣿡֪Լڲʦ֣ǣΪʦãһԱǿġ
ꣿ
ڣһԽʦ֡ĿᶨŮ漴һЦĶͷһǣ漴Ц뿪ˣھɽɣһꡣ
ͷһЦᶨĵһ
˵ţվŽɽ
ʱ⣬ؾأͨϧһУд轣Խȥܱ˵Ľ֪꣬˶Ѫڣٻصѩɽ֮ʱѾͣΪǿ̤λ۷֮
ٴμʦãһգҸӣʦҪһУȻȴЩʹΪ֣ʦòǵһΣΪʹѡûἰǵڶ죬еѾʧֻһҳѪ飺ʦ֣ʦöԲ㣬ʦʦòл䲻㣬ǣʦķŲ£ڣڿԷһˣҪңһ죬Ϊѩɽ֮Щ࣬Ҳһĵһʦ֡
ʹַһθܵ׶ĵʹ꣬ǱΪһ壬һŭ˻𣬽⽫ݶ˺ѣоԼԼʦãҪһգҵ˴ʦ֣һǴս޶ԷԷƺҲǶͬһŮˡ
һսܾˣʦɻŴʦ֣һնֱۣŭͽ̫ˣѩɽ
ʦŭˣ֪ʦֵ֮ûʦĲ룬ʦõĻӵľٴɽˡ
֮£顢顢޵ǼĶ֧֮˷ıǿַˡҲˣÿ˵һο̹ĵĹ£֮У߱ɽӣٴ˺ܶˡܶ£ȻʼձţֻΪһֽѪ顣
ÿһλ۷·ޣܻᾭ޾ĥѣԲ̫γ۷ǿߣǻһиͬ㣬־ޱȵļ͡
ˣ˴֮ŻعѩɽɨһУȻȴûмĳ˺ͰˣĴգ֣ӺǵһŮ޸˳ˣǵһŮȻİʦá
ӺȻĵļʦãʦĸѾһˣǶԷǣԼҲ˶ԷȻʦģȹһʱ⣬ǽ顢绨ѩ£ޱջ뿪ˡ
ģΪİ֮ˣ㵴ƽӺҲϧɱħ·޾ΪһУ£֪ʬǣûԡû鰮Ϊɱ¾ħͷһ
±Ǩǿǿ䣬Ӻǵ֮ϣ·ȴԼɱӺǣѪɺӣʬɽһ죬Ĵʦ֣ĴʦҲΪ˿µǿߣĿг˳ޡ
֮⣬мλڣʦõɷӺˣһǿаޣûʲôԻΨɱ¾һսذӺǳѪȾ죬ӺǵĴ֮ϣ֪˶ʬǣյʤߣ꣬ˣĽ¡
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ƽĿû漴һ˳ȥ˶Է࣬ʹʦɫҰףʹĵΪʲô
ݻһУ죬Ŀ̧ͷ죬˺ѣ·ҲҪȻʼ͸ĮȻ֮⣬·ûκεС
ΪҲôǿˡһ֪νĻ³˫а׷Ŀ顣
㲻ôǿģдʦ֣ʲôˣӦ˽ģҵ񣬳Ŷ񶾵ĺ⣬ͺһʦʱ˺֮ʱʹеŭңܻβ͸
ƽ˵ʹŮ¶һĨЦݣԭ֪ˣôΪλɱĴʦ֡
νˣͬһһⱾҪģҵĴΪ㣬Ȼߵȴ֣һֱصѲҵҵ۹⣬ȻҲЩ񣬾ʹ˰һаɡ
국˵Ļأ˺һУкܶûн⿪Ըȥ⣬Ҳȥ⣬ѾҪˡ
һɢַһƬռ䣬ַֻƮ̧ͷһкθ룿
ַĬþԣһ˵ԹߣһͬһдַʱѾ֪Ǻζˣղţ־һδǿ̡
Һܺ棬ĵһģַ㵭˵ȻԷֻЦ£һô
ҵĵһԻ͵һȻҲһԷƽĻӦǹһĨĮЦһĨЦ·ء


2252 
һԻͣȴ裬ַ㲻֪ʲôȻܹ뵽裬Ȼ̹ģ죬ĿΨ飬޾⣬Щ߸ϵĴڡ
پи˽⡣΢Ц˵ַ꣬һβƿأֿʼһǷ·Լһֻأġ
ַ֮䣬һƬң·䶼ҪңȣԼûо꣬ȴֳ֪жôǿַص֮УУһľ͸ȥ
ЩЩų⣬ԼǶַ㣬ֻһԹߣԲܴȥ˸ѣΪһˡ
ʱַԺ֮УΪߴ㣬Χַı䣬ļ䣬ܶҡܴĺôǲַҪ
ַ㣬Ŀָ·ٶȻصżȻ䣬ַļȥȫԹߵ̬߽ȥУַ㣬
ַתʥһΣȥͨǣһʥ
ʥͬǰĴݰ㣬ܳ龰Ŀܣöȥܣȥͬʱο˼УԼ֮вľڣܣʮʮҹֱַоԼԴЩƣֹͣ
üͷַ̾Ϣһÿһڴ󳹴֮󷽲ͻƶû֮򣬵һ͸ůΨʦֿľͰȻգնһ飬ν󳹴򣻵ڶǶʦõľȻɱʦãⶼǸĴ󳹴򣬵ͬǴ󳹴򣬾ͬҪ͸˿ࡢ޷֮ɾħĴ󳹴򣬶һ
ǰҲһԶ󳹴ˣҺͬ۷徳磬ۣȻͬڣͬԴƿһ磬ȴȱԪءȴ֪յȴҪعߵˣǲ֮ڣƺףôԼ·ˡ
վַƬȥʥʵһ磬ң綼һȻ̤뵽ǿ߾ʱŻصȻȴ߸ͬ
ʱһӰַǰһ壬ֻվյУַ㣬ʵ㾹ûͻʾ磿
Ϊ⣬ַǿȡǿȡ̸¡ǶǷǳģԶ֮ѡ۹εȵĶַܿ㣬ȻֻҪ񣬲־ܹ֮ȶȥ򣬱ܹõ޴ĺôȻַ㣬Ŀ峺ȻûбţӦ̤۾Ŷԡ
Ȼ˿ַ̣㣬۷徳硣
򣬵ҲûãҵһҪ߳Լ·ԣأҵĳɳˣϣܹ뿪ء
ַɫƽ˵
뿪أһַ㣬ĵ뷨
ҸоңҲЩʥе޶д˸ǶݡأҲָоȻұҪԼͬ˵վڵϣ˭ܸ߸ϣҲһ죬ҵĲΣٻ㡣
ַƽʹһĨɫַ㣬վڵϣ˭ܸ߸ϣСһԼš
أ֮⣬ֻһԼʸأԼ̤ҵʥ򡣡ַ㣬ƽҪ߳أҪΪһӡ
һʵǵǷ켫ٹʮ궼лᣬӣ֮ҪսʤЩۣΪһƬǿߣͬ죬أ㻹ǵ̤۾С
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Ȱ㻹ǲҪѰ·ˣͻƵ۾Ҳлᡣڵ
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һսַͫȾҪֲ
ԷȺս𣿡ַʵ
ܣ޾һһ֡Ļַ˿ǿȺսǿ󼸱ǲȺսѶȣֱຣ֮֮ǵʵ㼫ǿˣұ߳һ硣
۱أַʡ
ܡҡͷӣܹҲһλˣǧųһңǶǵ۾ǺܶˣѾΪõ֣ȡЩ
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úøҵȵ㵽˴۷徳磬һԡƽ˵漴ƻӶʱַʥ֮⡣
ַعͷһԼ߽ĴţŲ̤뵽档
ܿ죬ַ㱻ͻصƬ֮ʱĵطһŹ·ȥǰ˸ˣ֪û߳Ҳһɡ
ӣսַĿأƺûѡֻܹ߳ƬأǣŬԼʵ
֮ʱڸƬ½λ棬½˾ķʢŶ̤ͥ󣬳˺ܳһʱĳţֿ֮ʼͬ㲻ϵ
ȻҲʱڤ磬һΪħ꣬ڤǿߣͬ޵УħӰˡʮ֮һڤӣκһݣޱҫۣһ죬̤ɹ֮أܵУһ֮ɱ˶棬̤˾
Ҳͬʱͥѩ壬˫˫һŮһΪľţ˵ĸӣ


2253 ػ
ˣű֮У˿̣Ƕһϯض
ƺֻûлˣټˣҪʥ֮УʲôĿ⿴ǰ֮ˣƽ˵
һأŵƽ˵ʹɫһݣʱǷ·˰㡣
һҲһһλǿߣµľˣڵ
ҵˣһħĳɳ̡ຣ֮
ʱɫԶֻ̣ͫÿ¡
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ǣҵĸףζѿûаɱ׳ȥ֮Ѱͻ֮ȴ˶䣬Īǣħ£һ磬ôͻ
϶ڸʲôʱຣ֮ע⵽˺֮۾ɵʵ
ˣҸоͿͻˡ϶һЦ¶һɭĶ·ҧһڣܹء
Ⱥûие֣϶ЩģѾãͣһ磬ж꣬ھһ֮󣬶
ǿһоˡ϶ͻȻĹ⣬ˣߴʥŮûлˣҲһһļ䣬Ƿǳ
϶Ŀ⣬°Ů漴ϣ˫ае񣬷·Ѿ˵еͷ
һ䣬ǷӦúڳλ¡϶ﵭ˵һʥ֮ţȻֻǺеһغϣļ䣬ˣżļֵ
ɫһڵǸλԸ⻥䣬Ȼû⡣
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áɫһˣκһ˶ܹ׽ˣ־棬裬ҲҪܡ
һ䣬˷ȻָоȴԼ޷ᲢۣȴҲֻǸдûô̡
ʱţĽŲ̤˹ȻŲأȻȴ·˿˿ĲС
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ţ΢΢ͷ˵ͨΧأսҿУ־ʥʵܹ֣ҪҪǰǵʵûдﵽΪػ
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ΰ͵һƬ޿ռ䣬ʱԽ֮棬λǿսһûΣ¼Լսһˮ׼αװݽȥû֪㣬ػѾ֪ӣػػӵޣҪ󼫸ߣҪõͳϿɲС
ںδຣ֮ʵ
ÿһλͳϽƬڣ㸸׹ϽһھڵĵطСţ忪ڵ
ãҪʶһνľӢǿʵˡ֮³һվ
漴Ƿ׷ͬţ뿪ǰ
ַ㣬ڻصƬ֮󣬾ַ㷢֣Ͻ磬ȻҪϸ࣬Ҫе޾סҪƬͳţһм¼ַƬ򣬾صˣܹӵоסʸ
ַ㱻һȺ֮أĴ޳ǱԼס㵹ַидȷʵǸΪµ˲ţʵ£ңͳϽ򣬶ȻôƺҲζͼıܴ
Щʱգַûгȥǿʼһʱıչأ䣬ȻԼֵ̫Ķңļţǿͨͬʱ⻯ۿǿ߾ڣҲһ
ֱһգַٶħ٣ͻƣٲħȴɲͣϢһδεĴϴңһαһǿַÿħһأҪپħ󷨣գﵽ弫ޣ㾳ͻƣҲҪԽ۾
һʱչַ֮޳ǱɢԣһλǳƯŮˣȻơ
ʱƵݴһܰЦݣַ㣬һδѩ¹֮ط֡
ַ㣬߳ѩ¹磬·ѹ˰㣬𺳣·ǿĹһ
һֲأ޵磬򣬱Ҫơַ˵ҲƵʱ̫٣ˣ˴δƳɢɢģʵҲѩ¹ȷʵҲΪģϾ磬ǷǳƵģѩ¹ѾķԴˡ
Щ޶Ƕ𣿡Сַֽ㣬߽޾ۼķЩš
ٶʼģǷǳʣ⣬㶼ۼĴˡַƽ͵ʹƲ֪˵ЩʲôַжǿЩˡ
ȻԽˣַȴоǷ㣬ǸԼǼ޸ˣҲƽĸжɣڣֻżȥѩ¹ˣٳʱͣ˵紳
ֱַϣ޽׽֣Ľ֮̲ס̾Ľ֮ܶ඼ǼΪģ޾ޣȻɻʱ䣬ƬΧ֮أ޲֪ж٣ϵĶƳɸֱ
ʱƿĳλһŮһ߲ʿȸ£ټŮӱƯʱ˳֮С
ôŮӶԵתһȦ΢Цŵ
̫ˡ΢΢һЦ̵ˣʵʲôۣ
һ۱ԡЦŵ
۱Ƶͺ죬ʱȸµŮӿһۣ΢΢ͷһĨ֮߰⣬Ů˵ΪδҲ̫˰ɣôġ
ַǰĿ⿴̵ˣĵһ۱ҿṩ
̵˿ַһۣ漴Цҡҡͷû˵
µ¶ǶƵģĻʲôֵ˭Ըͱ˴ͬĻɫң۱Ůɨַһۣ¶һĨмɫʲô۱ܹ׵õµġ
ԸĻļ۱ҲԸġַ֪ϲҪƽ͡Է
Ůɫһ㶣ַ㣬ҲϸԼʲô
˵գǣ뿪ߣĿ⵭ĿַһۣһĨƽ΢ЦһԵĸ߰
ַ㣬Բ𡣡ǰַ㣬оЩھΣַˣʶǳС֡
ҶԲŶԣôˣҪ΢ܼ飬û뵽ҸˡַƵЩεĵʱ̵˿ڵǿӣΪػڶѡֻҪӣ㼫пܳΪػߣεȵλǰҪŮõԷϲĶ
˵ţԷҡҡͷƺַЩԲ


2254 
ַ㿴һԶȥ˱ӰЩɻĵֻ˵ӣңǧ겻һܹ֣ӶûУػʲôõģ
صİɣûӣصҲעһЩˣҲػĺѡˣһӳ֣ǱػߣѹԼݣȡùޱȻԻ͵սܻ
ַɫ΢
ŶصļΪҪ֮أ˶ܹ̬У˽桢ԼʵʲôˮƽÿһƬأ֮صڡ̵˻ش
лˡַ΢Цŵ˵ͷ漴뿪ߣĵ¶ȣַ΢ЦƷƣ㻹ϲʲô
ˣɢɢͺˡҲӦĻȻЩַ΢΢ͷҲûпȥʲôֻĴ£żһЩµС͸

ƬУһ޴вȹĻ֮ţһӰУûκεĶ·ֻһǰ㡣
ôַ૵һ漴ŲǰһȹĻ֮ǰʱһɿֲϣһַֻ̣оԼ·Ʈ㣬ͻأ䣬һ֮ϡ
⣬棡ַվڵϣԼӦŶԣȻȴһʶ壬оʲô
ö೤ۡסߡַ㿴Լڵطң֮ôַһɫĳۣͬʱһɫߴϣʱ˷·һ㵭Ի֣ƺ֮У׵
ַһ漴˸߳ߣǰãã˸ȥƬ֮㿴Ӱŵ۾ѹһλ۾ǿߡ
ҲҽԴϴŻߣ³һֲ㼶ڵһ㣬ǵڶ㣬۾ǿĵط۾֮أΪߵ޲̤㼶͵෴Ϊ͵Ը̤߲㼶ȴûġ
ˣ˽Ų̤Ŵأ¡¡Ŀһɿֲַϣ֮ѹַ壬·Ҫֱӽշѹѵǳ¡
𣡡Ȼ䣬˵Ĵſһֲľʨ·Ҫذ㣬ʹַҵĶš
ȥһ޴İƳַշ˹Էһɫ·һλշѹѾԷˡ
Ȼڴ˿̣ͻأ䣬ֲɱ˳ŶԷȥ֮ͬ쳹ƬأʹöԷ־Ҫ߽⣬ַȭͷЯµħ⣬¡һµ֮˽µĴѣɼײжôǿҡ
໣ŭһһʣôôǿƶҪ
Էд⣬Ȼַȴ׼ٶŭХһöԷ񶯵ͬʱһն磬˲Ϣն˶ԷԴϣ̼䣬ʶ飬ԷӰʧ
ַ㿴ŶԷӰʧûе֮⣬Էһλ˵ʵûຣ֮ĲΣһУܲȥ
Ȼʶȴͱһģ֪һƬռ䣬ʵȴַа̾ͬʱĳ֮УһӰ֣棬һͳ˻ʱΧĿЦô˺ˣ
ˣ̫ˡƵĵһҴˣһҪȥҵ
˵ţ׼½뵽ȥ
ŰˡЦ
֮صУǶ棬֮ĶＫΪ˿Ӵ彫һ˲ƣ漴͵ȥµ˷һĲҽ֮
̵֮Է֮д֮⣬˲пŰɱԷûҲӰɣϲŰɱĸо
һطɴ˶ߣ˶֪ӣ޿ƿ棬ӵԣһӰͬˮ߰㽿ĵˣ֪Ů˫¶͸Ĺʡ
Ҷ㣬ô棿ŮӿЦţӻӦ
áŮ΢΢ͷ
˳ǰ߳·ѰԼ㣬Ƭ֮ŮһȻһʾ֪޻ޣϾȻ඼ޣҲġ
üһʶڶˣʲôطŮӿЦţ漴Ťˮ߰ǰȥ
ַ㿴ŤŮӣ漴ֿһˣĪǣ˱ӣôɣ
棬ҲһһŮҲһ
ӵػʵôÿ̽һ¡ַа֮أǿЩʵжô
ڴʱ˻˻촫ֻԶһӰƮ˹Դϴž޴ߣϣĿȫڣȻǹϢַܹĸܵ
ǵ˵תʱַǸмǹ֮ǿңǸǳΣյ
ַ㣬ȴоʶϢԷûҪȥΣӦ϶ûˡ
ãҲҪ϶ʵʲôεģһܹຣ̬֮жǿսˡ
ʱ϶Ӷַ㵹ûʲôȤŮ۾ɢűɫĹ󣬶ַ㣬ǰ·ҪַԵ㡣


2255 ս
ַǼͣᱻҡԷǴΪӵȻ֮
ͻأ䣬ЦصַԺУʱַӷ·þ㣬ŮӰ趯ˣǹ֮⣬鲻Խ԰Σַĺ·𶼼˼֣龰̫棬ֱӾ͵
ַ΢΢ҧҧ촽Ŀ䣬ƳһлϣԺһƬȻǰ·ŮӰƮ޷ֹֻþ
ַʲôŮڵȭâϺɱ̼һѵʹַһƼ٣ѱ棬Ϊ
һ΢ķַͻأоһǿҵΣ˷·лŮ趯˼˹ǵڻȥ¶ѩ׵ļͪ·Ҫ¶
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ߡַԺз·һ𲻶࣬ŮЫһжϣΪ֮ҡ̨ĿȻ˸֮⣬ɱЫŮֱ˺ѵͬʱַȻ䳯һ˺˹ȥʹЫŮɫһԷôóǱġ
һַ۾Ƴһеϻþˣͫӡɵ̼֮ʹöԷŮɫ䣬ַ֮ƣֱ֮⹥Һַ˽ľ룬λַֿܵ㹥
һ֮ŮӾȻͷӵķȥɫһȻ䳯ǰһס֡
ȻãַɱһеȭͷѾ˳ȥһŮ屬ѣֱ˳֮ء
֮أ֮УŮӻȻɫ԰ࡣ
쵰Ҫɱ㡣ŭĺһ½Уַĵطַ㣬ɫ䣬ɱŮˣַ㶼ɱң˻һд
Ѱ·Ӻ˵漴ֻһ֧Ȼ֮УȻ䳯ַն˳ȥʱճһµӣҪַû
ַȻ𣬵ڶ֧ƿգնǿµĺڰҪÿռѿ
ӣĪ󱳸𶼸ͨɡַа⣬ܿ죬Է֧ն˳ȥȻ䣬һµӥֱӳַ󣬿ֲצ͵ĳַץ˹ȥ
ַ㲻˷ӭӥǰ֮ȭֲ̺ӥצҪһΣ֧ͬʱն˳ȥȻ仯ͷֲľӥȫַ˺ȥ
ַӿ⣬ɨգһն˳ȥ¡һ죬ַоڰɱɱɱַ꣬·
һеĹַЮ⣬漴˵һ촫ֲĹϢ
ˡһµѹ֮·ҪһйסĹȫɱַܵʱ򣬾·˰㣬漴ַȭâһжҪ
ʱӵıɱһץշ·Ҫץѵַ㼴£Ҫѹĸоһµĸַ֮ڳ۳ңΪ¡
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ַͬ࣬㱩һһжҪѹѵַХ̤
û뵽һλӵ۵ǿɫ࣬˫ƶһУ·צֱӴַץѶһץ֮⣬Խ˵ֱ˺ַһУŭһӣѹأ磬ͬĺһ
һĴգ̨ݻַѹ֮УտӵĹҪ鱬ѵͬʱȭâ
ͬʱܣշ⣬һƬ
һνͷ˳ȥޣͬ˺Ļַɱ˹ȥȻ˿ַ̣̤徹·ʧ˰㣬һգ֮ϣڶֱӴϡ
ѹӣ֮ɱ޾ȫȻ˸˫ݱܷâȻַŲٶȣʧһգ赲·ٶŭԷ֮Уͬʱѹһеһȭͷɱ˳ȥһȭУ·н޾취֮
ɫӲԲ۷ﶼоΪѲ·Ҫһʹ࣬Ըսַסֻеֵ
ˣӲսˣȻһǰӶݣַ㿴˸ȥӰû׷ܻܶԷҪɱ»ôס
뿪ַ֮㣬һĹеǺһˣҲʣô
ʱַһʱûиоôǿˣֻǶڶʣҲɺϡ
һλʣܹսȡ
ļһ֮³ַ㶢սΪ£֮ͬԷĶһ
жˡ֮³һڶͻأֱӽַ棬ǹɶɢַ˲˳ȻϣȴճŶһڣƺԶӡ
ңԷ񣬶ǹɶӵø죬ԷóĵҲǶսͷƤˣѪǿˣ»ѪҺֹͣѪϣٱ걻Զɱ
ַǿѪϢͬʱѹһеԼת·ҪѹסγڶԷпʼŰ
ֻԷſ죬³һڿڶҺַ͸޷ֶܿҺһմϣֻٶ˸ŶԷ𿿽϶ںַ㿿ͻȻ䣬ſѪڣ˼ʮףֱһڳַ˹ȥڵĶҺ֪жôǿڵĻ»ױɶҺɵ壬ҺĴ


2256 ڤ֮
ַĿⶢѪڣеɫ·ȫ̹ɣ˼ɭֵϢ㲻ڵĶҺⶾҧһھҪ˰ɡ
컯ʥ֮˳Ȼ仯һɲ֮㣬ݺݵն˶ԷĶϣ̤˸ȥһ촫϶ͺ£ȴ̵ַֻĲӰ͵ķ϶ɫҺ϶˫ޱȵӶַ㣬ѿĶѪ
϶忪ʼܻΪ壬ʱһ𳤴ǧ׳ľַǰͬһµһȴǣ֮ϢɭɭĶӣƬն·𰵵һƬ֡
ַ㿴ǰ϶Ȼ¶ǼΪǿҶʢѹ϶η壬ڰ۳ǵУһ磬˶ηĴڡ
Ȼֻʱַϣǧʥ飬Уɵ컯ʥ飬컯֮ʥ顢ʥ顢ʥ飬գȻַʥ컯֮ոǿ࣬仹ûʹ컯ʥ飬Ȼʥӵв˼ܡ
Ӵľ³һڿֲĶ漴ǿֲַ˾޴ȻٶȾǼѸַͣʱ·ֻһ˲䣬Ȼ䳯ַ˹ȥ
ɱ޾ʥ˳ȥޱȿµĻĹ֮Ϣַ屻ֹ⻷֣򷨻ֲӴǿʢҺֲҪΨǿ
ַΰϷȭͷ֮Упµĺڰ׻𡢶һ̺µĽƺܹ͸һУͬʱ⽻֯ǰ·󷨹Ļ֣ĶǰǼ鹥ʱˡ
ˣַͬһâʧֱӴ͸գ嵽ǰ϶˻һַ㾹Ȼɱɵֱſȥ£ҪַҧסȻַٶȺ֮죬˲ڣޱȿµճҺȫȻַٶ̫ˣ쵽Һ޷üʴϹͱһУ϶޴ӲڲϵĹĶš
¡µ촫׵ƿˣַӰյУĹĻҺʴˣɼǶҺжôĿ£Ϣ֮ˣַɸоΪܡ
ˣ˳ɡַһվԭͣƬ̣·鱾ԪƬ̣ʧصڣͬʱַڵĴ֮Уһʱ϶ַ಻Զ
˭϶˻һ˽ˣһǸǣôӵôµĹôܴ͸޾Һ塣
϶㺿ʲôĪǱ˻ɱˣʱһĮຣ֮˳ɫĳĻ֮ȥ϶ﶢຣ֮ɫ࣬һ
ܹ˵ʶ棬ͺͱһʵĴڣ϶Ǳɱˡຣ֮˵ʹ϶ɫ࣬ŭҪҪҪԼһص㡣
𣬱˻ɱˣҪҳٶȣõ𣿡ຣ֮Цߣȥӳս
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СϢգҲڹڤϣǳңڤվװۡɫߣߵģ·𶼰ŲΪ˹עĶ
һ죬ֳַ棬վһű۷壬ɫƮԼ򹥻ͨ˵ַоõԼʵıǿһħٺ׼Щʲô
ԶൽӰַǷ򣬶ûпȺ棬һɫۣһ˺ʷ·ܹоò
ڤ϶ﵱǰܸһֻ۷壿а۷壬սʤ۷Ŀ´ڣֱǺţǳһߣ۷ܹ϶
Ҳһʣûô£϶ˣ׻ɱˡ
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֮Уղſڤ񼸳ɱ¾Ժڻ죬뿪λóȥԵЩĲɡ
׹ʱһعͷһ󣬱㿴ַӰ
ôʥ֮󣬶ȥδˣʵ
Һͻˣ￴׹ＸΣֻǰ׹ﶼУûʱҰˡַ㵭Ц˵ʱǼ·ԽӴЩǿĶ֣Ҳɱ¾õΣֶΪأȷʵĵط
һ뿪ߣ;סУַ뿪ˣַߣһӰƮ˹Űô
عͷź֮ʲô
Ҳʥһ䣬ѵôֻһҪ̤һˣǲҪĻҪ϶Ŀɭ֣ȥַ㡣
ʱַ㲢֪飬صס֮һδĳԴƵַ֮Լ֮У黯飬ַ㣬ֻҪַߣõġ
ıƽ࣬ľǱƶ̫ˣ˲ֻҪַ߾ͺá
߹һţĿ⳯ԶϦȥΪ
̫ҲõΪ˵૵ǺЦ
ټ٣Σ͵ÿһ̶ʵİɡַ΢ЦŻӦ
һǻŮˡһ޵ַعͷֿӺŮˡ
٣Ǳ㻹ŶŮӿĵòЦ¡
㹻ˡӵ˵ɨַһۣ漴˴ַ߹ַûᣬĿ񷣬ɫīȻ䣬ַ΢漴¶һĨõЦ⣬֮Уħڷ
ߣַ˸ͬ뿪ߣ߳Զ˻Ȼعͷüͷɵ΢΢壬ַˣȻ˲ʧӰ١


2257 ҪΪӵ
£ָ֮УÿһƬأӵһ޴ޱߵ̨̨ϵգһžܹ֮Ƭء
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ຣ֮֮ˣ˿̶·ԼˣͳʵΪػĴڣȻΪӣһβ࣬ǣκһˣѶԸң
ϧһ֮ڣұسΪۣӲûлˡ϶Ŀⶢյľӣ˸š
ŵ֮ͫԣҪȻ˭ȥԣ
˶ĬֻǶǰǶԼʵţȴ֪Լûȥ
ǣΧкܶڣĿ⣬̲סĹž
ʱԶһӰ߶
𿴵ˣ¶һĨɫ֮ת漴¶һḬ֮̃⣬һǳˣһļ䣬һֱš
Сһվס϶ַ㺰ַҲ˰ˣ΢΢˵ͷ
һҲ̤ʥɣǷһ϶ַʵ
ַĿƽĿ϶漴΢΢ͷ
ȻһļǷ°ɡ϶ƽ˵·˵һΪͨ㡣
ַ㶢϶Ƭ̣ûᣬ⼸ˣֻǣĬֻǿַ㣬·Ĭ϶Ļ
ַ¶һĨЦ⣬漴̧Ųǰȥ
ţ϶¶һĨɫһȻĻ
վס϶˼֣ûᣬַ㣬ɳǰʹ϶ɫԽѿ
ԣȥĿ΢ַĽŲڳ̨̤ȥ֮¡
ܣôȥѰ·ţַ㣬һͣ½Ų
ʱຣ֮Ҳ˲Ծַ㣬֮ķߣѵǷ˲ɡ
ǵĿ⽥ַĽŲ̨£ͣ£ʹǶ΢΢˿Ȼһûôʲô
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ˡַ㺰һ
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ȻǵĻַȻ֪㣬̧ͷյĹžƽĿڣһεӣҡ
£磬أ֮ͬʱͷ֮⣬أâԶӳȥƬأһ̣
ˣ̧ͷ֮ϣһӰվ̨ϣͷգһӣҡ
̧ͷգԵŮ̧ͷգɫԶһ
µ̧ͷգͫ磬ս
³һ漴֮УַӰ̨ÿ̤һеĹĻжҲܣǣ˶ܹ޴䡢Ρ
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ˣຣ֮˫ſȻ˳ȥ˲併ַǰӴַͷϿշ漴ǣȻַ㣬δһۣƽǰţ뿪Ƭط
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ǲҪȽһǷɱ֮ĵҲַȥҪһô
ַߵģеľӣһգַصԼס۾ĵȴš
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ʱ䣬ڵˣһ¡ľ죬ַסǱӲĺ֮Уڿգǣһֱڵȴһգʱյ콵¿յĽΪ漴˿һӰڿգˣһϯۣīĮޱߡ
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Ůɫ԰ףӣͬɫѿˣܡ
ӣ˲ϴμΪγԾʱϴǰ̵ϳַ㣬֪Ϊӣڲ𾪣Ӧ֪
ڤڤ񡣡Աߣ˿ڵʱ̵ˣɫҲǳĿһۣţġ
̵ϴζַ˵Ļϲɵ¶һĨԳ֮⣬ӣػӣΣҪΪӣս
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ֲٶȣ޺һַ㣬Ȼڴʱַ̧֣Ȼ䳯һۣ̼䣬ץס޵ķצȭͷ۵צҪͣ
ķħŶַȭͷ޸º˹ȥһը촫޷һĺУ漴壬ķѣѩ׷ɣëƮַվǣĿգͬڤ㡣
Դˣӵлɱʸ񣬶ͬԻɱֵ޺ˡ
һν֣ΪѪɱ¾Űɱһǿۣ˿ڤʵҪɱ׼ãĴۡ
ȻڵһѪ֮ºյޱ׼˳֣ȴûйǣղһɱ¾ţǣҪΪӵˣʵڸղţһš
ۣһɱ


2258 
ַôվǣˣܹͨеľĻӰΪҪΪӣҪ¶˵֮УпĿ飬µǿҪΪӣȻԶѪء
۵꣬ǵһʾΪҪΪӵˣֱ죬սȴʵʵڵôǿ¡
Ȼ䣬һХĳַȥһ̣ޣͬʱХ·һεĹҪַ궼飬Ȼַ壬ȴɿȻ
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ͻأ䣬ӡ۶ͬһڵĹ㣬֮ϣַֻ˫ͫ⻪ŭһɱ
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ַ˫·Ҫأ漴ȭâ죬ĹʥȭշѹһУ¡¡Ŀ첻ϣһȻ屬ѣ·ѪĻ֣ɽַϣȵɢһ䣬׼սޣ֮ʱ͸Ӷ¿յַ㣬ͫһĨļɵ֮⣬Էʵ̫ˣֱܹݻһȥɱǶ޷֤ܹսʤַ㡣
ǿַ㣬ͷַһ֮ʱһֱǺܰӣû̫ǿϢǳƽֱַʵΪȻȴû뵽̶ֳȣ˿̵ʣͬһڤ㣬־Ҫ
϶Ҳַ㣬УǱԷܣоַ·Ȼʱָˡ
˼ʱַգٶȣѸͣ۵ķշ֪жǿһһա
ˣû̫ĹֱǿԵһȭ˳ȥɱϿյһۣЯħ֮⣬һħٺħ󷨣ŰķʽϵԼħ̷еħѾǿˣַ壬֪жô¡
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Ȼ䣬һַ֣ħԽԽǿ֮ϣһ֮ȪƬ񷣬·һħϵɢȥǾ֮ϵ͸޵Ժ֮С
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ֻʱַָָһˣʱ֮⻯ħ־˵֮У˲ħ־֮з·ħ˸
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ƣе˯֮УħʴһҪξ֮С
ҿʲôξΰ޽״̬Ժз·ھһ㣬·ΪǹξǽС
ҪôмȻҲһЩǼ͵޺ҡ֪ǻַ֮֮Уſµڲ·ҪС
ռ䴦ǿ̧գ˼ֵñһˡ
ޣ֮ǰǱŹ̬ȣ񣬿ַʵ׷׼֣ǰַ㣬ɱҪΪӵҪַ㣬أҪΪӣ׼ýĴۡ
ǿ룬Щôȴַǿ𺳣ƾַչ¶ĿҪɱʵ̫ˣǵ˺ַܴأ򣬲۷ۣκεĻᡣ
ҲоһĻ֮ϵַ㣬ǿˣվĻ𺳣ϴΣͰַܸ㣬һΣɲκλᣬַĻɱذɡ
˵ڤںܾǰܹӣҪΪػˣڤôǿ󣬿пܳΪӡ
ڤɹΪӵĻҪǧĳˣӣͽػߡ
ΧҲ޲ʶӣܻ䣬һӵĶУԵøĴ̶ˣߵŮˣҲǳľʣ뵽֮ǰַ˵ĻȴԵЩЦԷʱ
񷾵ĻϵսɣֵԽԽǿˣȻǳ֮ʱ컯֮͸壬ͬʱӡϮ£˲ûйã֮ϣ˼ʬ壬˭ַ֣ػɱ飬ɱ¾ͽ޾Զֹɱ¾Ψʵ壬ܹЩʵһЩ
϶㲻Ҫһôȥԡʱ϶˵ʹ϶΢΢һһڤϴκֹһαܣ϶ǲҪսһΣⲻУﱻԷɱĻǾַ֮˼֣Σա
ôȥԡ϶۾Ű˵
¶һĨ΢Ц϶㲻ҳ֣޵ŵĻ㵹ǿԳΪػ᲻㡣
⻰϶΢΢һҪΪǼһػȥػԷ
һڶ϶³һĨ֮ɫ漴建ڿգһĻʹð£һ׼֡
һΣ϶￴ַ㣬ƽĵ
£ַģ·һ㣬
׼֣ˣҲɱ㣬㽫һ佻ңҰˣҽһ佻㡣϶ƽĵʹַ¶һĨЦɡ
ַĻʹ϶һŭҼΪۣ㡣
ǱֱӳְɡַֻĮһʹ϶Ŀ⽩Ӳɫ̫ÿڣǽѣη֮ġ
ǰܣԸΪػӴػ㡣϶ɫѿĵȴ룬һҪɱַ㣬һˣҲ·
ַﲻ֪뷨Įĵ˵ͷǿɣ


2259 ѡ
ַĻʹ϶о޹⣬ʲôˣ۳֮˶ηĴڣַ㾹Ȼ˵ǿֱ
ݣؼ䶸ȻĶ϶ܣ嶼ˣԶǶϵɢȥܿ죬˰棬˻˻촫漴ǲ㶾֮УȺһֲľ
ˣ䶯ֱӳַ˹ȥ³һŶֱӽַ嶼ûſͣϴεĴٷˣַĹ̫ˣٶҲ㹻죬Ȼܹڳȥֱͱ塣
ˣַŲֲ̤ضٶԷ֮Уʴ壬ʴԷַ壬ֱӳ϶˹ȥһޱӴľһСޣ˫ôĲӳƣĸоǾһھַܽˡ
͡϶³ɫĶҺַ˹ȥһŶ֭·ַܹ
ַϻޱȿµĺڰħףݺݵɱ·ɫ׵˸£Һֱӱַɳ϶ʮӡĴʹ϶ҵ궯ţĵҲͬڷʴַ㣬С壬ȻܹĿµĶ⡣
ת˲䣬˵㿿һ϶ɫ޴۾͸֮⣬һ
𣡡϶ŭһ·һµĶַȥǹɶ֪жô£Ȼͬʱַ޾ȫΪһգ䣬µĶҺһΪֱַӳ϶ӴԴ˹ȥ
϶βһ˦ҡϣַ˹ȥĹŵϢ˵Ŀ֮죬ַ˻ֱ֮ӳ϶˹ȥ϶͵ĵͷǰȥַڣȻַĽֱӲԴϣͬʱ϶Ҳ͵ľַϡ
Ȼ˿ַֻǽĹŵ޽϶ڽϣֻоķ֮Դ飬У֮ĳڣʹӴĲţвֹҪŤͷַɱַĽͲԴϣͷŤʱַҲԴڶä
ХĶǣȺһľ϶Ҫַ㣬ǽ
ԡ϶﷢һ˻Ӵ忪ʼſַ㣬ȺֻǱѾ֮һ϶ڣĿģֲľ·˺ɫġ
Хգ޽漴ص֮ϣַ㻯𣬶¿ղϢ϶Įĵػˡ
϶ӴϢͷַ㣬ʵʾ𣿡
ǣΪĳԭ޷۾ַƽ˵Ȼֻʱģͻеľ磬ɱ㣬Ҳֻһ֮䡣
Ⱥַ֮ͷݣҲЩŵȻȴ޿ɷϣ֮ս̤۾ȷʵ޿ɹʵжǿ
϶³ַ㣬ãҪǳӣҾ͵ػȻˣͲˡ
ġַ㵭ɨ϶һۣ漴Ŀɨޣ֣ұˡ
˵գַĽŲԶ̤ȥʹɫһ漴ԶӰ˸ַȥ
ûйãַҵһƬɽߵأտܻ֮ͬʱѸ򷨣ۣȵʱǹ֪֮жô£ɵǰȥƣȻ޶ޱű̬֮ȣȻȴҲòϣһЩµޣǵʵȷʵǼΪԳ˲սǿҲ˿ֲҪɱˡ
ȻվвģһֲϬ̤񷣬ַȥ֮ʱƬ·ڶҡҡ׹㣬һֲľʯ׹£˹ȥ·ضҪ̤ƽ
޴ݺݵļ̤ʱճֱӳַշѹȥͬһµɽַ㡣
ַţ˫ȭƿգԻĹŵʥȭѹһУû۾ȥֱϬųʱĴ֮ųϣᵽУͬʱַɵ֮ԼӡĴ˳ȥʱһֲ峯¿׹ȥ
ǴԲ֮ˡԸӣ۾޵۷徳֮˶õɣܶ˶ʥ֮ŴɣԲѣȻַڵӹĵѾ˴Բ㣬һ˲һ۳Ϊʬ塣
һս򣬿ҲҵܹˣȺսһֱˣʱ꣬ĽҪһӡ̧ͷվĻǵ֮УһĨĳ羴磬˶ǿߣҲҪΪӵƬ֮˵Ĺ֤֮ͬ£ܣ޻˵ɣ֮ˣܹĿӵǿʢ磬Ӷȷϵĵλ
أǿ޾ߣȻʱۻַ֮£ȴദһ߾Ӵ壬࣬ǳԲ˿̣ȴǣΪӵļ֤
ַҪӣȻ̤ʬǣǱȻһǿݡ
ģʱţʬǶѻǿߣַ̬ȣѾɲмתΪ𾴣ǳݡ
վǣеַӰƽһڣӵû뵽һ̤Ƭأǿһˣȴ
ûĴڣҵʵһսȻûлʤᡣͫͫ׷૵Ҳû뵽Ǻһûȥ࿴۵ȿ£̫ˡ
ĳΪӵĻͳ죬ΪѡػʱԸΪػôǣƽʵ
ػô
һƺţأһַǳĳƺţΪӵĵǧųһˣؽΪڣ˵ԣܹΪӣʵѾһֻ̤Īһ磬ܹΪӵػߣҫҲܹΪԼ̿Ժ·
ȻַϾʵֻʣǵ˼ϣƺЩо
ҲΪػ֮Ե˵ĿⶢգⲢʲô˵飬гһ۷壬һѣǱʲôҪңֻߵػ߶ѣֲūͣ༸꣬ͿԿܶˣǱУǿֱӶ


2260 
µޣԽԽأޣ΢΢ţһƬƬصͳ̧ͷ񷾵Ļ
ӣҪô
ʱַ֮أ֮£ӴʬǶѻǣ˸еޣ·ɱ¾ѾľˣַҪΪ֮󣬾ֹֻطûȥĴߣܿ˵սǣֱǿߡ
֮⣬·øˣ⽫µʱ⣬ַ˫ͫ΢΢ţµս·ַܹı仯ԽԽ£ͨֻҪ֮ϯһͷܹɱǿսûмġ
޳֮У˸̾ЩԶ۱ɱ⼸ȥɱַѾԽԽˣںܶ޵Ѿڿʼַ㼴Ϊӵʵ˸ǰò
ȴûйã㻯ǶѻʬеһߣţѻЩʬǣһ޷ĲƸ
죬ûٳˣֱ޼յУһӰЩӰǼΪǿվڣ·Ƭյ
ͳ졣޿صͳ죬Ȼͳ쵽ˡ
ͳ졣Ŀ⿴ǿߣ¶𾴵ɫһƬصͳ죬ͳ죬֤ʱ̣ӵĵ
ǵĿ⣬Զַϣս˶⽫ǵһΪΪӵĴڣҲעˣַյĳɾͣȻ֮ϡ
꣡һʹ˵Ķ΢΢£ӳַϵľĻˣҲζţµ޵ַ㣬ʽᣬΪһ֮ӡ
ӵأ˺޵ͬʱ£֮ϣֻһӰ·ǴӾûаϢΪͨǳڵϣ˹עȻЩǿȴףǵ˷豹ľأֻҪ¶ͺͨûʲô
Щͳ֮΢΢Ƿʹڳͷ΢΢£Ȼˣˡ
ϲ֮ӳˡֵӰַǰ΢Ц˵
֮ԭˣȻһεӣѾΪˡ
֪ʲôأǳµĴڰɡаĿַֿ㣬δҲΪͬĴڰɡ
ʱҰɡ΢Ц˵漴ޣȻѾ֣һʱܻѡػ£ͳ츺ɡ
ǣˡͳ΢΢ͷ漴ַߡ
˵ţһַϣӰ˲ϢʧԭأʹðǽԶʧˣһΪӣע˽пµǰ̡
ַϸһۣС۾΢мֲ֮⣬ʮ䣬ͨòͨ
ǰȥַ㿪ʵ
ȥʱסĵطЦŵַ㲻֪˶Զͨ˼ȴ֮ţڣַһǳͨĳУҲޣǺദΪַԺˣôĵط
˵Ӱڵأַɻͳַ㲻ҪǰֱӺɡã壬ǣǵ˺δ
һеСУס⣬Ҳꡣַ㲽һֵ棬ʱԱЦźʦ⿡С˭ĪŮҵ˲ɡ
Ůַɫһ
ٺ١Ц£һ·ϣ˺кֱǰһƯŮɵЦźˡ
ˡЦ£漴ǣŮ֣ŮĴַ㣬漴һһС
вٻæءŮ΢Ц˵ЦӦͶ֡
˵ţ沽˴еͨ͸֮أַĿע£ʼߡ
ŮǺĴַ㣬Цʵ˭
ַɫ΢΢һֻ̧ͷ΢Ц£ַشѣһ
˵ַ꣬ĴŮʵŮ
ô𣿡ŮƤʵ
ǣˡַЦЦ
ʮˡŮӦһַĻش𣬳Ĭֿ֮ӣһλмɫʱһøƯŮ츳á
ַ˼գͨû֪һǿµĴڣͨʦ
ַ𺳣ȴ޷ھַ˿ûлɣˣѾ˼ʮ꣬٣ʮ꣬ΪŮʮˡ
˿ַ㲻룬Щǿǣ඼˾ôһһ;ȥ֪йٸң¹Ѫ
һգַںԺУϣ΢Цʵоô
ܾȡַӦ
㻹ᣬ޷ֻо˸ľкô½̫һĴڣڹͨƽߣ֪
ַΪȻĵ˵ͷȷڶԷߣ뵽һ½˶£ʥ˶𣿵ȻûУôǣȥˣҲڹƽѰԼеȤ
ոճΪӣĿ֮Ŀ⣬ͻȻֱ˵ƽǷЩϰֱ仯Ц
ַȴҡҡͷӣıȽϵת䣬һЩġ
ĥϴǦľͱˣǳɳ΢ЦŵַףָԷʵϵָ
ҳΪӣֻΪ뿪أ룬ȵ뿪֮ǷҲȥƽַЦ˵΢΢ͷڴգȵػѡʱʱ뿪ɣҲԴһȥߡ
л塣ַл
أģǳáЦŻӦһܸ߸ϣ棬һӰ


2261 ߳
ַϴŵ΢ЦĿңԶʣҲĴ쳾ģȻȴһͬ˰ȹһƽЩվڶ˭˵Ƕʷĳ䣿
Щϵǿߣ˼ӵȨķͬʮɰ㣬ˣڳУ֮£ǶԣļȻҲͬڵмصЩǿһ˿࣬˼飬ͬҲͬ
Щַ㰲ˣƽֱһЩգ˺ͼкһȻַһ˳С뿪
ףŮعͷĹŮ֣Цŵģͻأúչ
֪Ů˵ͷ˵Ӱʧвȥ
أӵನδɢͳ֮ͨصĹΪػҲ˷ǳĲضһεĹģͳϽȫ룬ҪΪػˣԽ뵽֮ͬأػǴ۾֮⣬ۼҲвԸΪػߵģҲһЩǳģǵ۹⣬ñ޸Զ
һ죬ʮػѡ˾ۼصǰֻƬصһЩƾµĿâ˸е˾е˵֮£ҲһεӵĹΪӵʱػߣܶ඼ǾߵģЩˣ˶һصͳˣʵǳˣǶҪǿ
һε⣬ʾΪǿ󵽹֣ЩΪַߣսеıַǿܶ࣬Ҳ̫뷨ףֻʱĶѣǧ˭һεж
ʱ֮УӰʹ˷׷̧ͷԼַˣ֪ʱ˴ַȥ˺δ
ΪѡػԴѡһЩˣߣȫѡ񡣡ַ㿪ڵȻЩվȻǾѡΡ
ַĿһɨȺޣϢֲǳµĴڣǿһˣǲɼӵĵλжߣΪص޿ӣעҪΪĴڡ
֪඼ĸ֮һ˵ǰҪˣǾԷҵĻҲڣҸԼѡ񣬲Ըģ뿪ַ㵭˵Ҫ׸׸кǿʵ޷ޣǿкá
¿գĿ˸Եķӣ룬ַһԸ飬ǻ᳼
ҷһ޺˵һԣ漴е΢΢뿪ߡ
Ҳܿ죬½ˣʼ뿪ܿ죬ɫ֮ˣֻʣ¶ʮˡ
㡢㡢㣬뿪ɡַָָеļޣʱɫ£ǣȻַ裬Ȼǲ֪ղǶҡɫѾַУԼľûа취أҪ֮á
¿գֻʣʮˣַЩǣһ̤صİԼຣ֮λޣŵ֮⣬ڡ
ʮޣλۣϢֲڿգеʵ֪ж
ˣϴңΪӣ뿪Ƭأǣػܴ𣿡ַ㿪ʵ
ȻǼȻػߣȨ롣
ãѡ񣬴뿪ַƽ˵ôȥ½ǷƱãҪһԼֹһɡ
ַ㣬뿪أ̤۳֮ʱЩ˿˰ˣͷ𺳣ຣ֮ǣ񣬾Ȼַô£
Ȼַ㣬δͣ뿪۳ǣ߹ҹǣнڵ߷ַ㣬ɵ棬ܿ죬֮Уһǿǿ֣߳ݿ£кüλĸȻҲõϢǰ
ţǿߵ֮ʱַЩˣɵɫ΢£ЩˣޣϢÿ¡
ɱַ³һ֣ʱ죬޻û壬գ˲䣬ҵ˻ѪȺеɱԶľЩޣÿ¡
׵֮Ůຣ֮ĸǿĿⶢȺޣͫһЩ۳мΪޣǣȻĸһˣ𵴣⵽Ƿʲô
ַĿ⣬Ȼ˾ĸ򣬿ҹһοԷַǵãǴˣսڤ磬ʱһδַУȷһλǿԣʱַ㣬ʲô㣬ͬϰ㡣
ɱַָҹƽ³һʱĿԶ̣ˣɱĸǿߣңҹ
޿ǲô࣬Ȼ䳯ҹɱȥʱĸ˴ȵҹǣֲ
ͣǴ۾ǿ߻£һצֱӽԴץƣûзӦѾ䡣
ĸ֮ŭҹǾĸʲô׿ˡʹͷ΢ȺޣǴ˵еµޣ
Ĵô
ЩޣǼΪµޣѰ
ΪҪɱңҹĿⶢַ㣬һ˿̣Χѷɡ
ǵãСо֮غˮ֮ʱȹһ̤ڤ𣿡ַ㵭ʵҹüƺ˼ܿ죬ַ㣬ɫãܣ˭
Ҿꡣַ֮ƣʹҹɫѿ˼£ֲػ߱еľԾӢΧ֮£ҹµǿߣֱֻܴݺһȴû뵽Ϊվڸ߿գһꡣ
ˣһϢԶĸǿߵˣŭ죬ȵηɱҾĸ֮ˡ
ĸţ͸ҹһ֮һ۶ŶԷĮʹöԷɫѿ׷ʵǵ۳֮
۳ǣǰǰɡĮ˵漴ɣصĴڣǾĸǲ𡣡
ǿɫһأھĸӸλȻ֪һЩйĴţЩأǣǲ
ߡʱַƽ˵ԸͣʱǷ׷ڿգȥû˸׷ĸڵǿߣңȥ


2262 һζ
ͥڽĶˣǸӵϵȨ
ȻЩʵϲôɣɻںʱ⣬ʵѾΪĿ£ǰһλǿսˣĳɳֲ̫ˣЩˣټ̫һЩʹ˳ٵ𣬾̤֮˴۾Ϊʮʱ⣬Ӵ۾磬۲Σֳɳٶȣо˼ѹĪǣˣ
ĿⶼڳϣͥҲųվǿߣû̫Ĺע±ǨϵĿԽԽˣкܶˣѾھͥ
Ȼ̫ͥǿӿ֣Ҳ˶ųĺһǾǣڲϵĳɳгĸһǿߣҲڳ۷ʵǡ
ˣڳɳͥǿˣ½ǿҲˣʥݵˣҲһһ˾۽֮ͬ䣬곤ǰ˹ۿ֮⣬ҪЩͬһĳɳǵǿ󣬻ֱӰĸ֡
һУַ㶼֪ʱַ㣬½һ̺Ķ֮ϥ·УߣػѶڣ˿Ժ棬ص羰
еķ羰ǣһַӰһɽ֮ϣճ䣬ʿз羰ΪһַӰϷ˼䣻з羰ΪһַӰСУϵĴһԣϲĹһʼַЩŲ±ǨַľҲڱ䣬Ǿ͵ǶĸɣֲַӰСȢޣλһûйԷ
УƵķ羰ַһ⻯һַܹͨ⻯ͨˣǣΪ⻯һЩʵģ٣ܹƽַ룬ۣǷҲһ֮Уڹ
ɽеַ㣬ͷϽȾ˻ҳ·ҪǳᣬȻȻֻ֪ǰĸţ½⣬˻̥취ǰλ½ߣ̤С磻⣬ַԼ֮УҲкܶӰ
ģɽеַ·ԴˣҪ˯Уһһξ㣬ˣεԱߣԼΡ
һգַеһξξ棬ַǾ¥һСˣÿӭĿˣ̸ŽȤ£ַǲɵ¶һĨЦ⣬ƽӣγһ
ȻеΣ˻ϲģ磬ַһξ棬һξУСϵˣȢСƯĹۺȻһ죬СһȺϮϯһСɱеˣַ㣬·пǣгŭ޲ñȺɱɾ
ַ˯ı𣬶ڷŭȻɷŭƽϢǧǧѵܿǶһУɢɣ뵽⣬ƽϢ֮ξ˺ܶƵ飬ַ㣬ԽԽܹԼˣľڱ仯
磬ǧ磬£ַͬ磬Ҳ仯󣬽ģѾСÿһƬգ·򷨡Ϣøӵ·磬Ҳӵַĸ򣬱ս죬˼ַɣеĳ죬޷ǵĵȷȷĳɳ
ַı𣬳˯壬һֲ֣ķַ֪֮жôǿңⷨ򣬷·򷨣ȫƮַߣ·ַ壬еķ
ַ·ûиоһڳ˯Ժ֮УɫĹâ֯ɢǧ򻪹⣬·ܹͨء
ַ㣬ε࣬εǧ⣬εĹε˸ӡĹ·ξӡøӵĳһܹѣӵв֪ôµ
εԼ꣬꣬·ܹλһ壬գεԼǿ꣬貵꣬һҳҳƮ꣬ôĹ
һΣ˺ܾãʱţַ㣬ȴ¶
ͥ½仯
ããѩѩ壬һӰʷǷվһѩ֮ϣ·͸˹Ž񣬺ʱ⣬ˮֻΪгӰӡ
ڣǵӰһγ֮Уܾ˼ıʪᣬ˳Ļ£촽΢΢ſУ³һֻǧĺǧǧ¶ãã˺˭°ĹƣҶҪΪ裻Ұʱһƶϴ뿪ܲΪһ֧衭
ܲΪһ֧衢ܲΪһ֧衭ˣţǾӰ裬ѩһ裬·ҪеӰܹ
ѩ׷תˣ磬ĸԽֻأһ裬·㡣
Զһѩ֮£һӰƽվǣȻָףѾУ۽ǣ·ҲҪ
̧ͷ΢һƺгһգøĸ룬˭ңѪȾأ㣬ѩ壡
һ꣬ʮ꣬ʮԼ֮ڣ٣
һַ꣬㣬С


2263 ѣ
֮УַѲ֪¶ã緢ϣȫǻҳ򷨲ƣѾҳᡣ
ɫ֮ޱߣһڴУ˯֮УڣԺ֮Уһ嫽ɫ۹ͬʱᴩǿµĹô貣Щһֱ壬ûҪ״̬»Ҫܶꡣ
ڣâ貣Ȼ䣬ַеûˣ̵ֱˣ貵Ĺ⻪ţ磬ҲڲϵţҪַƣѾܹЩַ꣬ǧӰ̤ɽӸأ磬ҲͣϢܻ
֪ϹڡϦǺꡣַԺ֮УһƮʹַ·΢һ֮⡣
ҪˣַУͻأ³һ·ǲ³Լ֪³ġ
ǣַ꣬ڲ漴һֲĺɫ׵磬·£·Ҫѵţĺɫ׵磬ʼŰըַڣ·ھĩգһҳҳ꣬漴ڽڣĩգһҳ飬ˣ޾磬ҲֻʣһƬ硣
ˣַɷ·Ȼδƣеܻ˿ַ̣еˣȴڶǶ̧ͷ޾ĺڰף·ԶŵĽɺڰ׵磬Ҫˣ޲ڲ
ѩ¹վڵϣΧŰĺڰףͫ׾̲ס¶һĨ־֮⣬ãԶŵĽ׵磬ûȥֻǹϢ磬Ļ·𽫲ڡ
ͬʱ磬½ͻȻ䣬֮Уͻأˣƿˣ˽Զ̧ͷкݺݵĲţƬĻǵͷϿգȻû졣
ʲô춼ڡ
һɽ֮Уһλߣͻأ䣬ߵĿվ͵һͦñֱ𾪵ע£ֱ񷣬·ص㣬ͷſֲѹ
⣬𣿡ĶӿգЩԣˣϵͻȻ񷣬ôˣ·Ǭߵˡ
𺳵޾գ·ڵĽ֮⣬Ժƺ뵽ʲôʹɫüΪľʡ
ϹʱĩڵĴ˵ڽգҪô૵漴ŲȻ̤˲ʧ뿪ˣúÿ⽫仯磬죬Ҫˡ
½ǿ̧ͷ죬Ƕͬ뷨죬Ҫˣ
ػڵ˴˿̻ţɫ԰ףĶǰ½ǿռ䣬޾Ľ֮ҫţ·˰㡣
²ˡ˽ŲȻֱ̤ʧûƬ̣˳ǵĿԶ½ɫǳʣǻĵˡ
ƺǱŪˡĵ૵һ漴ڵǰȥ½Ƿ˭˽ɣɱ⣬⣬ȫ̽վǰʮϯλˣ˭½
ǡ˷׷׵ͷ̤½ˣʼȥ̽
ͬʱҲͬһĻ
ԤվǿգǰĽ֮⣬ǴһĨ΢Цû뵽羹ȻôǿҵĲܻô磬޷ܵסɵĵ
ԣһӰ֣ĵԤߴԵȥתԼҪ֡
סԤ΢΢ͷĵߣȥһڵַ⻯
붥䱸״̬ĵƽ˵˶׷׵ͷʵˣڶڹΪйһתļ䣬ˣַĴڣû֪
ַоһΣǧãμʱݣУȻһУȴôʵȻ֪ʲô֪ԼǱͳɾ͵ĵˣоԼ޽ӽȴַ·ԶһĤ·Զֻһַףһʵ֮롣
վַ㿴һԼ¶һĨЦɫһĽХַĳ裬뱻ϣ漴ڻʧˮͻأˢַ壬¾δϴӣַŻָԭģ
ܿ죬ַݱ仯׵ĸͷ棬ѾõԤߵѣ֪½ãҲֻҹ֪ϧҹѱɱˣû֪أǽء
ϵ֮⽥İȥַЦ£ʱĻԽľˣûҪڵĵز»Ҫܳһʱ䡣
ʲô磬ǳɾ͵ĵʲô
ʱַ¶һĨŹֵɫ޾仰ÿһжԼľ
ַ̧ŲĶ̤ȥ󣬺¡¡Ĺ첻ϣ飬ûһϢַ㣬̤½˿̣½Ѿ޸ȻȺɴ𺳵У֪ʲô飬ͬʱ½УͻȻһЩµЩˣԶǿ˸е־壬߱ɽĴѰңһңǰʱ⡣
˭֪˿̵ַ㣬һСǵУһҾ¥ÿ˺Ⱦģ¥ıţصϣ̫ɽΪƽͨ·磬ûַ˴ڡ
Ǵ˵Ľɣ·ҪʱеȥʱһЩҵĦΪûҵ˭վûб̫صĴսϾ֮ս̫ˣû˸ҳܣǣʼѰǰʮϯλ֮ˣ´ɱз֣ɱ⣡
յĻɴɱҲŹɣ䣬һΣǧǰͬ


2264 ˡ
ɣŵмӰڻҰǳ֮Уʱݾƶ裬ò·۲ѣΪгε֮⣬λǳòŮˣ溬Цݣڳ䣬·ȴ䷱ֻΪһ߹¡
СģʥѾ꣬˵ʥΪˡַ΢ЦʵЩ
֪ô겻޲ɹȥСһ΢Ц˵
ˡַЦŵ˵ͷ漴ֿĺƣЦŵģƷƣǷҲҪ޶ˡ
Ů΢죬ַһۣһĸòŮЦĵ˵ĶԣĽͷƷƽҲкˡ
СƿСѾͷ
һССͷ
ǲСˣóˡַЦŵ֮ϣĻЦòա
ַȡһƺ漴͵ĹУһַ㳤³ô꣬Ҳֵ֪ǶΣǲԼһ翨ǣӦٶǴ˰ɣ嵽˺ƽķӳĪϧаǣսǳˡ
ɣȻַʮ꣬ȴоԼѾ޾°㣬ȻйأЩַֻоΣǾԼһμȴ޾µָ߹֪ϹڣϦǺꡣ
һ߹ŵ߹ɽ߹ǳء߹硢糾ͣ½ǰ׳ĺ棬֮ַվںˮ߰ǴһĨЦ⡣
֮ϣ裬Ӣϥһ
辪ޣŶĳ⣬ҲҲһվһҶ֮ϣʣʱĿ⿴Զ¶һĨ⣬ĹӣĹˣݿ㣬츳˫͹㺮Ӹ鼫ãԵĳĳ֮⣬Ȼָ㺮
Ĺˡʱ֮ϣһŮٰ̱棬Ĺ΢΢Ƿ
Ҷǫˣ֪ҶԸ㺮ҿΪԹ֮˺ͲŻôɹ㺮ɡĹ΢Ц˵㺮ӣ˰ĽҶ΢Щݣ˵ڹ㺮У޾Ĺвɵ⶯
䱾ˣڳж䡣ʱַ˵ʱĿ⳯ŰȥĿַϣ˺ôӣҿڳԣ㺮εȵλͬʥ㣬ɶҡҹ㺮ĸڰĽ˵ˣ̶̼ʮ䣬㺮䣬չĹģν漣
ĹĿҲַ㣬ɺЦƽ˵̸ºˣ
·ˡַƽӦϵĹӣԷȴϵ
·ˣο죬Ī֪ӿڳĹɺЦʹа룬Ĺǹ㺮ӰĽߣΣԴǲֱӳв
ַ֪ĿתĹӣĹͬʼΪڣŶʢң޷͸Ϊ۾ң۾Щˡ
Ĺƽַ㣬漴ǹһĨЦַ񣬼ΪĮȻ
ƻӶʱ֮Уһֲļʸ˶پһɱ⾳ϮˣҪУ޷԰Ρ
Ĺļ
ļƴжֱַ㣬Զȴ·ûо㣬˲Ϣ㵽ַ㵯ָһӣʱָ̼䣬ļ飬źȥͬʱַںޱȡ
֮͸Ϊԭ˾硣Ĺӵ˵Ȼ䣬ؼ·һ޾ֲɱ֮˲Σˮ֮У޾ַɱͬʱ֮ϣ޺أ˻ǣʸͬʱŭХһ֣ʯ쾪·ҪƷ㡣
ַȻ칥ھκƽأ޾ĹּɢʹĹɫȻø
ұ㻳ɣΪĹӸۡ룬գĹӱǹ㺮֮ˣʥַƽ˵Ĺӷ񹥻·иϵܻȻȴãɫ䣬ַ㣬һǺˣ
ĹӣԺ󲻻ˡַƽ˵ȻԷڣ̼䣬ĹңϢţ־֮⣬ַ㣬֪ʱǿߡ
Ŷʥܻ޾ɱҵˣûˡһֱӳĹԺ֮УȻ䣬Ĺ˫ĿԲĶŶԷ˶Է˭һַ㣡
죬뿪˵ȻѾûлˣֱ֮Ӱһ˿ûУֱС֮ϣһĻľŶʢĹӣˣ
Ŀٶת֮ʱȴ̤УȻԶ·ɱĹӶԣֻ΢һС¡
˭Ⱥ𵴲ѣ˿ҶŵûʧɫĹӣΪһԻȺĿ⿴Сϵʬ壬оһλã·ʵ㣬ˣĹӡ˼򵥡˲ס
֮⣬ַվգȴƬ֮һ߳Ŀⶢַ㣬Įºˣ絽׺£
ַ㿴Է̾һֻԼȥˣֻȻʧ
ߡɫһҪֹȻַٶȻһģӰӣֱʧ֮ڣʹɫһŭҴ磬
ַ̤磬Ϥɽ壬ɽ֮ϣǰһӰϥƺУַŲŻǺЦڴʱӰַ㣬üͷ΢壬һɿֲѹȻ䳯ַȥ
ͬʱԶ޳׷
ǰңַ㡣ַӰһʱһĿ֮â漴Ŀ⿴ǹӰȥ
ЩɫһĿַһۣ漴Х˲Ϣȫ뿪ַŲ΢̤Ӱǰϯضȡƣ΢Цŵݹȥǰ˿
̫뻯ˡжַ㣬޷ϳɣǷַ㡣
ַЦЦֻӶʱ½ƣַ任رĿƱ˺Цһŵ֮һӰۣܹͷ棬ǰϲҲ
ΪȻĵͷַܵ٣ر仯ע⣬ͬˣᾡһַ㡣
ַ㣬ƺòͬˡи̾һַϢôƽͣǰûан·ѽ겻Ѱ㡣
ַ΢Ц£ô࣬ܲ仯һУܴ


2265 ٻ
ַϴǷǳмģԼİǳ󣬶ûԼҲϵʮɣʥĴʥΧԼʥϮɱ֮ʱȻ䣬ΪʮɵĴڣţò˵
ȻҪ۷ˣ˭ߣ
ǰַĬţŶԷƱ˽о漴ַֻʵǰɻã
Ѿͷھͥص壬Ҳ֪ˡϴ˵ַɫ˸ڵգһŮĽ㣿
ϴ̧ͷַ㡣
ó֮ͬǳңĲ£ƺŷӡǡ
˵ӦûˣĽ㣬ͬĸ츸ϴ󿪿˵ʱַ΢£ͬĸ츸
˵ʵףңҲŶ֮ˣǣ̫硣ϴ󻺻ĿڵʱַЩľû뵽ԷȻ̫硣
ĸףǾͥķ֮ˣ壬ķѪһĴʥѪҺһѪҺ೬ǿߵģ崣ͥǳǿʵ˽Ů̫磬û̫ǿ֪½磬ͥĸױ䡣ϴ󻺻˵ʹַв죬û뵽ϴ󾹻־
Ȼֻͬĸ츸Ϊλ
ȻĸףҲĸףŲǾĸ׹ϵõĻܹˡ
ԭˡַ૵
ַ㣬ؾͥǵȥ忴Ϊ㣬ȥϽģ̤ͥϴ̾Ϣһʹַͷ΢΢£뵽ﲻϧƴҲҪսҪþǰϯλѵΪҪȥͥԵʣ޷̤㽫Զָ
뵽⣬ַо˿˿Ƿ֮⣬Ƿˣ̫ˡ
ȴһ׮飬׼ǰͥѩĶʮ֮Լʱһǰȥַϴصͷ
ʮ֮Լʱÿ죬ַ㣬аôϴ΢Цſַʵ
ⲻ󡣡ַͷʱʹϴĿһĨâַţ񼴱ַ㣬Щ͸ˣ粻ܽûΪˡ
ϴ΢Цžٱַһ仰ٸп֮ĻԻͣҪô
Ŷ֮УĹӵ䣬˲СĲǹ㺮˲ǿѰַ㣬ʱ㺮Уһɫ̧ͷеһ£֮У΢һ˿
Ȼһ˿ĸоˣӦǣˣǣĻӦûкǿҵʵ֪ģһγһֻеĸоǸ֪·ȫƾֱ
񣬾ֱûˣ˿ͻȻ֣пܣˡ
һڵӰվǣӰӰ㣬ģģûһϢ
ЩһֱʱӰͻȻҹеϢ
ǰľŮĿ΢ͣ·ľ΢΢Щҡ
ǷܵԼ⻯Ӱ𡣡ӰٶȿڵŮüĵˡ
ĺӰĬãƵ̾Ϣһ̧Ų뿪ߣŮӵһͣ漴عͷ·ͻȻ뵽ʲô㣬ӰȻһ׷˹ȥ
Ҷ˿ԼĹУȻʱһɿµϢȻ併٣ڵĹ֡
˭ҶһȻ漴ƣʹöҶһǰ
ǣݻ٣ֲħ⽵ٶҶɫ䡣
ģס֡һĺǾŮηٵ˸ŭɱڼ㡣
ĵѾ˶ҶǰֲħͫŶԷȻǵʹĶ΢΢һͣ漴̾Ϣһ
òŮֻо϶亹һ̫ˣȻҪɱҶӦʱ򣬾Ļô
ͬҶҲ亹̧ͷĿⶢžģû뵽ĻͻȻɱ֡
Ҷʱ䣬㲻Ҫ߳㺮ˡػʶŶҶ˵Ҷ΢΢ͷ֪ԷǺ⡣
ŶΰĹ֮ǣԴһʥԼ㺮֮Ѿû̫ĲֻǶǰҳþϯλϢŶݺݵ£ַ㣬Ƿ򲻽ߣȻ˾һҲΪµľһַ֮ʹûٳֹˡ
һ죬Ŷ⣬һӰ̤ƶǰ֮һʿϣշǰ֮ǣǴǴδ仯Цݡ
Ŷֻˡ
ʿ૵ˣ󣬻вˣÿһˣʶǱѰΪ£ԣһ˻ڣͬ̿һ
ʦ˵ַǻŶʲô飿ڶϵʵ
ȻǴܡ׵ۻӦ
ܣ˭һǧʦܣڱӵ˵
˭Ϊʦ壬ַôǱģȻҪһѣһؾΪʦڣǼһȡɾͣҲǲûΪʦˡ׵۸˸룬ǳǳЦ
ڵ΢΢£Ѿϰߣûб¶ǣʦȻ츳׿
ΨǸ⡣׵۱ĵĿ˸һۣ漴̫ûΪʦڹҲλʾ磬Ȼ޶ۣΪʦ㻯ȥ̤۾
ԵɣܹΪʦƵ¡׵Ȼƽ˵صĵͷΪȻ˵ʦеûʦҲʶǡ
־ҲΪʦһء׵۵ͷ
˶ԻΪȻûаĲȻˣҲȻ·𣬾͸˰㡣
¿գ̧ͷзӰͷݣǿһȺˡ
ʱ֮ӰնЩӰϣſµϯأգϢµ˼£һӰʮˣÿһˣϢΪ£ġ
ô£ŶУ̧ͷд𵴣ôоҪд鷢ˣԴһһǿɱĹӣ·ŶͱЩˡ


2266 ٹ㺮
һգ֮Уɽ֮ϣַվǣ۹ԶĵʿǲɵùһĨЦ⡣
Сһ۶Щ͸ˣǱġ׵գĿ⿴ַ㣬һĨϲɫǳϴ⣬һַ֪ǽˣַı仯Ȼв죬Ҳû̫𾪡
ϲƤô񡣡ַ΢Ц˵׵Եĸ΢΢ͷֿһ׵ˣȻ˲࣬ԶǰϹǵʵӹɵģʥѾԹˡ
׵۵ַһۣƮڵأַ˴ٻаնԸ㺮֪㺮˭ڳ
֮£ĪΪ棿ַ㿴׵ۣʵѩ¹ػĹ֮ϣпΪŮػĹ׵˵Ĺ׷ɱ¾ԵΣ׵һûкгȻ飬׵Ϊʥ̫ӣգʥƺΪϵ۸ӣô򵥡
ػŮµȷΪ档׵΢΢ͷ⿪˵һţػʣΪ֮Ů
жǿַʵ
վһΡ׵ƽ˵ʹַ΢һƲۣ˿ֲ
ȻˣΪչ㺮ػַʵ
Ϊػʺ׵ɻӦҪκΰϣгһܹԽɱ
ַͷһһι£ַԴҲû̫Ȥֻ֪㺮ôڡ
ֻҪ֣㺮ɢַ㵭˵һ
Ϊ׼ˡ׵۽һöݸַ㣬ʱַУ漴׵һۣһ˽Լ֮УȻ׵ۣ֪ԼҪ
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׼ʱ֣׵ۿʵ
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׵΢΢ͷһʱ䣬תۼ䣬ȥ
һգŶƺһƽû̫鷢Ȼڴ˿̣º֮⣬һȺЩȫţǵݣ͸һ֮ϢܵϢȻǿ·ʱȴƴ
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Ȼʱ㺮Уػɫ£漴㲻¹⣬૵ô
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ַһĨ֮ɫػʣȻܹ
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ˡַ΢΢ͷ֪ԷѾϳԼ
գĺһ㣬ӦѾˡػ̾Ϣһַ֮ԻߣΪûַʹɱ֣ԭ򡭡Ҳ֪
ַ϶ԷĻȻɿڵˣԶûлˡ
𣿡ػʿַ㣬Է֮Ϊǣʮַ꣬㣬ܹɳ⣿
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ǵַ֮ʱȫͬˣַ㣿
ģ£ǣַ㣿
ַ㣬ûгϡҲδϣֻƽĿػʣΪɢ㺮
ɢ㺮ôĿȺͷַ㣬δԣ̫㺮εʵѾʥȼ硣
ػͬһĨ֮ɫɢ㺮
֪ƾʲô˿ԡػʵ˵


2267 Ĳ
ַ㿴ػʣɫޱȵƽ֪ػΪǿʵϧԷУŮʯ޷ҡҪĸԸĽɢ㺮ܡ
ƮֻһӰԶЩվǣ·𶼸һȵѹ
ʥ壿ػɫ£Ŀ⿴׵ۣ΢£漴ΪƾдһЩһù㺮𣿡
㺮ôŶʱϴֻһȺµĹ١
֮ˣѵͲˡػ䡣
Ѿڽսɢ磬֮ңϴ󵭵˵ػʵУһĨ֮ɫ
ԶŭХ֮һӰ֣ϮˣЩȫֺ۵УǿĹһЩ۾ޣϢµ£һ磬ûʲôܹˡ
ǿݣַþһ֮󣬾ܹټһ֧ţٹ㺮
㺮ǰδеѹˡ
ػһͻأĬˣЩ㺮ӣҲԶַ㣬ᣬ˫ַ㣬·𿴵ããѩɽĲ࣬ѱ꣬һĿʵǣ̶̵Ķʮ꣬Ӿ֮ٹ㺮⣬ֱ仯ֲ̫ˡ
գַ񣬶Ŀ˫֮Уеֻƽš
ȥɱػʱ³һ̼䣬󣬼λ㺮ӰƮַȥǣ˵۾ΪֿµĹžԼͨԼĵϢεȿ£һɲǼ䣬ַϣŰ֮УͬʱһӰ趯ˣȴַĹ
ַĿƽĿЩŮӣǳڵĵһɲǼ䱻һɿֲûɾЩŮƺҲоˣǵ΢΢һͣǷ·ַ֮УһϵܹݻһУκεĵҪ𣬲ͣ

Ȼ䣬ַſ죬һХĿ֮˳ȥͬ鱬㣬һԶŵУֱӽһй÷飬ͬʱǵķθҪݻǵĽ
һĻ޲Ĳǿ㺮³ѪʱֻоЩӶŮˣǷ·̲סҪַ֡
ƺϣЩһƮں֮ϣɫ԰ֽз˾κˣһ֮˹ʵܹˣַҪɱǣҲ׾١
ػʵĮҲַ֣㳹׵ıˣǿЩ£ԶС꣬
ңַ֮У·һǹӵпµĻ֮·ܴݻһй
ţʮĽ죬ﻹ̫ޣѾܹΪۣΪһַ㣬սһΡа뵽ղһ·ѾĹһ֧ʵҲΪ¡
ڴʱ㺮УһɹɿµϢ漴¡¡ı֮ӰֱӳգЩˣϢԶΪĿ£ǳӣǳ֮ŵΪ裬²ᱻ㺮ƿأ񣬳ǳҪӡ
㺮УԻЩˣûһߣٶ֮硣
ǣܶ˶ڹ㺮г٣޷԰Ρ
ҹ㺮ύŶѣ㺮Уº󣬹㺮Ը϶ಿž飬ң㺮֮ſʱػƽ˵ʱĶȻһЩǿ֮⣬ͨˣֵʸûС
ַ㺮֮Թ˭㺮ɱ⡣ַƽ˵ɱ磬͸һ⣬֮УһƿֲϢŶ·սһ
ʱºΧѾۼǿߣһЩ֮ˣǵõ˺󱲵֪ͨ˵أһĴսػʵĻ⶯Ȼˣûв뷨ײһϣͿǻԵģûȥðա
ȻȴЩˣЩ뷨ģ磬֮ˡ
Ⱥ֮Уʱַ㣬ĿĮ׷ɱַ㣬йĦײַĿֲɳٶȣԺ۾ѹסһʱ𣬶ַ͹㺮ײǲս֣оԵãʱַҲɡ
ַþһһɾʹĺҪңһ仰飬ֻгûгɳɱһַҲշѹɣַԼܡ
뵽⣬Ŀ⿴ԵĲʥҡ壬ǺַвСĶԹɳ˴˻ᣬá
һŭ˭еʥ
ɱַ㣬ŭ٣һе˵죬նݳַ뿪
壬㺮ʲôҲǺǲԴ෴ַ㣬Բš¾ɡ
ԥַ㣬һ֮ˣɱҪðܴգɱַǺպͲĶԹһ㺮ַ㷴ֶԸ壬Ǿˡ
ʱһֶַַ̤
ţַĿתߣ漴ԷĲ裬ɵĮĵ֮ˣ
ֶַҲЩԹǣܷһʹ߿˵ʱַβ׶Էʲôһ۶ԷļǿߣַЦ£־˵ֻ˵ԷΣܶ˼
£Ƚ㺮֮ºϡַƽ˵ԷҪʱЭһֱвܴӦԷ
ҡҡͷϣֶַϰɡ
ȻҪ˵֣ҳȫ㣬֮£޷һʹַɫ磬ޱȣȥʹӿһ֮ϢȻˣ壬Ը㺮Ϊͬˡ
ұѽ嵭ҲֻǼǵòȥȴû뵽һʥʱˣֶΣЦַĮ˵ʹǲǿɫһַ㣬ѽ嵭ַô˵ȫΪַͲΪУǺεȻʱ򣬾û·ˣַ㡣
裬ˣɱ˶Ų贫΢΢ͷַ㣬ɱǿң


2268 ַս
ַ̧ͷеĲ裬۾ǿߣңӦΪϾһжꡣ
վ֮ϣֻһ̤̼䣬ѹַݺݵշ˹ȥһһΣգ
˵գһȻѹ£ʱ֮гһޱȾ޴Ĳӡ񷶼ҪڱΣѹһУȻ䳯ַɱȥ·Ҫһ˲佫ַշѹ飬Ϊࡣ
ͬʱ軹ģַ̤ȥÿһƶѹ취ѹ
ַֻֻ̧֣죬ȭͷ·ܹ񷶼ͱݺݵĺ˲ӡ֮ϣ¡һֲײ֮ӡ飬ʹȺҲ֮һַսѾǿᵽ̶ֳˣܹ׵ĴݻĹ
Ȼʱ򣬲ѹȶ£ֱӳַһӡƺХַ㳤ѹùƮ죬˷·Ҫ֮УĽǺҪ顣
ˣ汻ݻ٣Ⱥ屬ˣһЩǿΪֱ̫ӱշѹΪ࣬ѪɣǣֻǱನѣֱ飬ƬأƶҪַվǣƺΪС
Ȼڴ˿̣ãֻأ跢֣ܵһжڱ仯Ƴ㣬ͬʱַľ·𲻶ϵıңԶֱַ֮С
䣡µĹڽ٣ݻһУַٶȸ֣ϵĺˣŲڵϾĦţ֮ڶԷĹ֮±ˣɼ⹥жǿ
ţ迴һΧû˵Ӱɵһ
һ硣ַƽ˵Χռ侰ɣɽ׳Ȼȴ磬ңַ硣
һ磿üͷţַ㣺ôܣ㶨˵۱
ҵȷ˱Ǳﻹһ㣬֣ңȫĿռ֮СַĻò趼ɻȻкܿͷųǿҵɱ
㶼˵漴Ųٶȳǰֲ̤Ĳѹַ㣬Ȼ֣Ƭ·Ϊָӡ
Դͻʣ̤δ֪ľ磬δϳֹ裬㽫Ǽ֤ߡַƽ˵ֻܣûꡢûӰΨʼۣƬأΪףκηκҪΪģһС
ַĽŲˣֻٶȺܿ죬ֻǺܼ򵥵ĳǰ̤һȻһСȴòоһļµ
ͻʣ̤δ֪ľ磿
֮󣬲ǵ۾ô
޾ַҲ֪Լʲô磬ǣǧٴη·Ҫɵĵĳɾˣֵ·ܹһе﷨򣬶ܰݣͨҲܰݣ·ֵףһ
ˣַ֮ʱӰͻȻʧˣôƾʧʹò֮£һ̣һӰӣͫзŴһֻȭͷԴ˹ȥȭͷ̺ϵۺ˿µУ·һɲǼ䣬Ҫ׵ʧȥֿ
ŭһģôޱȿµĲϯ¡һ죬漴飬ַӰٶʧɫҰףһɲǣ׻ˣԼȥսԼһλ۾ǿߡ
ʵϣַͻ˾磬ǣĹ޵ģδͻ֮ǰѾܹ׻ɱŴ۾ǿߣ൱۾Ĺͻ֮Ĺǿ˼֣Ҽ־ۺ֮ʹֱӹӦõ۶һΡ
ȻЩ֮⣬ַڣ̺һξ֮Уϻڰ׵ŰڣݻһУַ㣬ǰ㺮ӹַ֮ʱǵĹַ֮ʱ׵ĴݻٵڻһС
ټַѾ۵ĲΣˣַȻ޾ľԱȵĻӦǴﵽ۶һεģͲ൱Ĺܹв衣
ǣһµײ֮ŲˣȻַֻӭ泯ȥ˫ƽµֻоһ
㲻˵ұôַƽ˵³ӵĴ͸ԷԺ֮С
ھ㿴ʲôʵַ㻰£ͻȻ䣬Яֲչ⻪ǰȥֱ泯Ųͬɫ㡣
𣡡Хһ۲ȻΪƿأֻܾۼԼڵǿµķƣӡЮſֲĴ֮ǰɱ
ַͬɫ磬һȭһȭ֮ϣ·оָ̨֣֣һһеĽ磬һȭ֮Уûв̫ķΧȫۺһ㣬ݻһУͬӡȫ屬ˣȻٶַܿ㣬һµȭͷֱӶ壬͸֮У·ĺһֱȭâַȭָʺ
˫ĿԲ¶֮ɫôַ㣬ȻĵֿûУ㱻ݻٻɱ
Լַ㵭˵漴ٶȺһȭһΣǳŶԷԴ
磬սѾַ֮أһƬþ֣û֪淢ʲôǻþ֮û
ʱǻþʧȺĿȻתȥ漴ǿַӰַֻһˡ
衭ȺͫΨַվǣֶ
ַ㣬ɱ˲裿Ⱥɫ΢΢ţʵǼΪǿŶҲһȻʹʧַƾʵɱô
ǽʲôɣв²⣬ַսĪҲʹгһ¡
սеǿߣɫȻ࣬ѿַһ˳֣ӹɣѾˡ
ԶһӰŭХǲǿ߱ˣֻһŭһȵ˭ɱҶ衣
ĻͷٶһȻˣϸˡ
ַ㣬ȡ˵٣Ϲ㺮Щˡ
ߡַһҪܷ˳ǿļ⣬ˣڻҶѣ


2269 Ϊū
ºеӰѾݵӰ٣սǿߵײǵĻ˭¡
ַûȥˣŶĹʥ壬𻹲ټϲ壬ʥ۾һεǿߣҲͬ˶ѣػ֮УλΪۣ֣Կһͨʥۣˣɨ۾εʥЩҲԶǷǳµġ
ˣϲ壬൱֮ƣַվںºǰľӰػʣǣģͬӰӰ㣬Զߡ
㲻ڣ㺮Ȼ㲻ˡַ㿴ػʣƽ漴ϣϢƮػʹȥ
Ӱһڲ䣬ػʵǰ
𣬾ģҶЩңһ֮ˣԣƺս׵۾˵;ģǾģֻһ־䡣
ͫ׻Ȼ䳯׵ȥ˫֮ͫУоĸ֣ͻأðֲħϮ׵۵塣
׵һʱ󣬸һ̫ͷų貵Ļ֮⣬޾̫£·ҪĶȼ
ĺ׵ͬʱºеĺˮ·Ҫܿ죬֮ϣֻʣػʺַ㡣
ػʣӣԣҪΪͣ׹麣ַ㵭Į˵ʹػʵɫ΢΢ˣϯգһǿַȥַ㣬ҪΪˣ׹麣
ҿϦ㣬ʲôʸҶԻػ˵漴ӰǰƮ֮ϯأַֻоһɱĵ٣ҲҪñ
ˣػʵٶȼӿ죬˲Ϣַǰǧŭַ֮Ϯɱÿһƽ·ʹַ壬ʹ꣬ҪĶѪҺҲ̣飬ʧȥս⡣
ַ֯貵Ľɫ⻪ҫ̼䣬ǰ貴ַһĴ⻷ĿͬµϯɱһУһµĹײ
Ȼڴ˿̣ػʵӰ·ʧ˰㣬һ̣Ⱥ⻯ػʵӰ޲ɷ
ַĿɨգ漴Χٶȱ仯֮ǽ˵Уػʵ⻯
ַֻŲһ̤򷨵ܻ֮У֮ЮǹɽɵݻһУƬû˵첻ϣػʵһգֻʣһӰ֮ϣ·Ⱦ
ӽԲĵټһɿµĻһɲǼ䱬ݻһСػ΢΢ţַ㣬ôܳɳ˿£Ҳһվڵĸ߶֮ʱַ㻹꣬ڲϳɳַ㾹Ȼߵ֮졣
ôңػĿ⿴ַ㣬֮⣬Ȼ仯̾Ϣһ֮⣬ʧӰ١
ַüͷ΢壬ػƽ⻯Գޣһ·ɳȻȴòΪУ֪֮У
ַĿ£ػʣ⻯ҶģԼӣԼమػʣһֱܹоõַ㣬û
ػλڵأȻ䣬ַ·ϣ˶Ҷģգš
Ӧ֪ǵľҵľҲΪУףػʿַ㣬˵
ַ㣬һ̣鲻Խĵ˵ͷ·ܹоԷϵУôʵ˭Ĵأ
ػʿַ͸һĨԹ֮⣬·Ҳַ˰㡣
һַ̣ľˣǵػ˫۾֮ʱˣ·ػʵĺޡ
ȻʱһɿֲΣ٣ַͷһ漴һֱ֮Ӵ壬˲併٣ػʵ֮Уɻ͸ŨŨУ·ᡣ
ַԺͻȻ両һػʣһˣֽȻ෴ĵ
͡µַ壬Ȼػʵɫȴ΢΢һ䣬Ϊ֣˿ַ޷룬·ϾۼµĽϵ
ʱóϵˡػɫһΪַѾ㹻˽⣬Ϊģһֱַߣԣַ֪㣬顣
ˣͻȻ䣬黯飬ǿ⣬¶ַǼͣΪ飬һܹܵϵŨŨ飬ǲ٣ʵڡ
Ϊлᣬ̳һȻ̫ǿֻҪַܹڣ㹻ˡ
ַ֮֮ⷨӦûвŶԡ
зҶóַƽ˵漴˫ֿػʵϣԷֱӱסһɻԼݻһеĽԷ֮Уʹػ彩ӲҶֺ
ſҡػû뵽ԼַĽ֮ԼµһͻȻĹ޷֮УϾͻϮĹ̫ǿڣµֱַӽӴˡ
˿̣˵һػϣֻʣ¿µ֮⡣
ַ§ŶԷ壬΢ЦŵûҶģҵӣǺĹϵ˵Ҹδ㣿
ػɫ΢䣬ַϵЦݣַĳ嶯
ΪҰū˼¡ַ΢Цŵ漴ػʵ촽£ػʵ彩ɫ԰ף۾·𶼲תˡ
ҪػŭһֲϢͷţȻַĿ˲ϢЩԼ񣬺ڶˡ
ҺλһУ㶼иоɣŲţڱΪҵİūַ㵭Ц˵ػŵûʧɫҡ
ΪβңַҪΪҵİū׹麣޷ҵӴߣΪҲԹԵ
Ҷҷֺҷģһɱ㡣ػϵ֮ԽԽǿ
ʱ㻹ɱôַȴҵɣ˵Ļһ
ַ˵գ±ã˵壬·һƬռ䡣
磬ĺ׵۴սľģܹѹ׵۵ģȻȴйػʣ֮ǣĿڵǻþ
𣡡㺮ǿ߳ɱ˹ȻʥǿܹǵóѣΧţʱ򣬻þͻأʧеӰٶȸ֣


2270 㺮ɢ
ȺĿǳֵӰ֮ϣͫȻٶַ㣬Ψַһˣػʣʧ
㺮ɢ˰ɡһĮַ³еĴս·ֹͣǿߵĿȫַϣػʣַɱˣ
ػʲڣ㺮ǹ㺮ô
Ȼʱɿֲɱĳַһŭأֻһɿµʹ÷ƱãַܵĴط·Ҫǹ̫ˡ
ߡϴһ̤ضԷսһͬʱһλʥǿߣɱȥΧ˳ӡ
һģַڣĿڣַͷţڷ
ǰôˣҲˣαִŲַ֡㿴žħۣͬͷϿգ֣־ģա
ħ۴ַиַ㣬վľأҲػ֮Ը
ǰҾȻʵޣ޷κεңǰ˰ɡַƽ˵ħ۽Ų̤һ־Ĵַ֮ڣȻַ֮Уɵݻپ֮⣬ͬʱµֶԷ
οࡣַһӰʧֱӳھǰޱȵĹ˳򷨽ڣ·޾ͨһ˿µʥ֮ĵĹַײһ𣬾ƺһ屬ˣ·Ҫ˰㣬һĻַıֳսʱ˶̲סĲ¡
һַ㣬ʧôֹ꣬սԲǴΪɵĳ
ΪĿΣ½ܶ˶֪һЩţ̫еĳƺʲô
ַˣħ˫ͫô䣬һΣַ
ߡַһŲٶ̤ŭȵӡ
һӡһ磬ݻһе磬ֶԷݺݵ˾ħۣħսʵ֮ۿۣ޷ַµĹӡһ磬ھϣڷ屬ˣ·อ˰㣬³Ѫɫҡ
Ķַ㣬Էһ·̺򷨡ͨнϣû뵽꣬Ѿվָ߶ȣǣɱػʡ
ַĿתеĴս漴ͬһڿնһλʥ˿̣Χǲʥۣս죬ʥ۱Χ˹ַĳ嶯
ɱַ³һʱͬʱս岢̫ǿʥɱ˹ȥ죬Ѫ
ʥŭһãϣʱܣ·컯ݼףסͬʱӡ˷
¡¡Ŀ֮䣬ַϷ·򷨰֯ʥ鸡֣ĹϢȫ֮Ͻڡ
֮ɣҵľ磬֮ǰܹ֮ұһҼǿַа漴һɹɿµĽ뵽֮УַӰʧֱӽٶԷǰĹһɲǼȫʥȺȻתַ㣬ӡһ죬ǬΪƣַϻ𹥻˳ȥ
ըѣ˵ײֱ֮ҪնֿµϢԼ𺳵ײನҪĳ嶯̫ˣַ㣬Ѿܹʥײô
ɱַŭһµԷڣ޾һǰԷǣѹסͬʱͬʱɱǲǿɫҰס
֮УȻһʥֱӲ˲ʥ۵Դǿֹ̧춯ͬʱӡƮȻ飬ʥһУͬʱ࣬µҲˣǿĹ
¡ʥ¶֮ɫַ㣬Ŀ졣
𡭡һУֻΪɱַ㣬ȫɱǰصӡΧַȥҪַ㵱ɱ
򷨻ɫ񣬽ַ֣ͬʱƿɱӡɱ˶ӭ漴ٺַǿ֮ϣѾҡеĽɫʥѾԴ棬ͬʱһץظһնֱӷʬ
ַһĴŶԷԴʥ̫ӲҪɱöԷòܰݣ׵ĹݻһУȺһΧɱһλʥۣɫӲкݺݵĲţ壬군ˣȻһλʥۣôԵֵˡ
ԷʧƬַ֮ǲŰ֣ĺâɨս漴ٶȹһۣͬʱһλսʥȺȥʹʥ۱һ漴ĺˣֱ̤뿪Ƭս
һλʥҪߣҪ¶Էɱ죬ֱַӷ˶ȥ
λʥ˳սôսȻԽԽˣɨɾ֮ɨ㺮ƵЩ㺮ǱҲ֧ŲסЩ㺮ǿһЩҲʥˣ㺮ƿأľԼʥ˴սţڹ㺮Ĺ㺮ӣûվ̫ߵĸ߶ȣսʸûС
ַվ֮ϣĿɨ¿յĹ㺮ӵˣһʱ뿪Ӵ䲻й㺮
̧ͷĿ⿴еӰգɢ㺮
ַĽŲŹ㺮̤ȥյģַ˳·Ҫ͸ÿһ֮Уϵĳ㺮˸¹棬ܿ죬ҵһĴſַ㿴еһӰ
ַ㡣Ҷ£漴۽ǣ΢Щʪ󣬶гεӰ
ҶַӰһٵҶԣ֣Ҷ΢ʹַַ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱֿײԼˡ
ģػѾˡַḧ¶Էգ漴ߣǳȥ
˵գŶҶֱ֣ӳϿճݻһУ˹㺮ڣսѾҪƽϢ㺮г˳ӻڷս⣬ˣ㺮ɢ
䣡һڳϣʥΧˣɫ԰ף漴ŭһ̤ȥ˲仯һӰ
ȥ˵ֿҲζţ㺮׵ɢˣûػʣǿҲ޷һ
һսôƽϢȻȺеĲȴþ޷ƽϢⳡʱ䲻ĴսȴһЩµĴڣǲ壬ʧʹ
¿գֻʣ;ħûȥˣַ㿴һۣ漴ڵǰϼһҴȥ˲ɡ
ϴ΢΢ͷ漴˻֣ʱ죬ʮ˺۹ϴ󣬳Ų巽ȥʹȺͷ΢΢˲壬һ֮군ˣ


2271 Ϊ
ַվ֮УƮ꣬ȴѾӵ˾ǿߵ̬վǣ·ڸ¡
žģַ㿪ڵӦҺػʵĹϵҲɱǣҲȥ
ɫ΢ͫһĨ⽥ɢַ㣬ɫޱȸӡ
ãĻ˵Һ÷Ե֪˼临ӣȻֱһ죬ĸ׳֣ҪߣĸףؿʼˣĮÿʼ׷翵Զ뿪ļңԽԽԶ֪һвı⡣
ҺһͬΪƽ֮ˣȻصı仯ֻ֪нԶǣҶħ֮УΪʵǧһħȻȴ֣޷սʤˣҲصĸף֪Լ첻㣬ϧΪɡ
Ļȴ·˵һԶŵĹ£ÿһˣƽˣôͨ쳹أַܹ⣬Ϊ˾Լָоһƽ֮ˣΪеִһǳ̼նޱȵ֮·
ַ㣬кܶɱģȴûУûģΪԼĳΪ⻯飬أ⻯֮Ӱˣһֱûа취¶ɱ㣬ϣԺƴ
ƽ漴ϣȼ˿µĺڰħ𣬽Լȼʹַͫ΢΢¡
ұȻɾޣ޷أҲ޷ΪԸûа취ֹ㣬ҵĴڣûκ壬ΨԸػϣ֤δҲϣ㣬Ϊӱķϣƴأֻǿ֮ˡ
ĵȼյԽԽģΪã·ʱʧĿ⣬ȴɽַ㣬ַܹӶԷ֮УǧҪΪػʡ
ƴءĵӰ׵ʧһ־Ȫ漴ַƮֱӳַ֮Уܿ죬Զʧ֮䡣
𺳵һĻʹԣģϧַϣһУֻΪػʡ
֮ˡַֻоԺ֮У·ദһ־ģ·ܵ˶Է˸СᣬΪػʣԸһУ
ػʣ÷ţֻΪػʡ
һΪħǺػػʣû뵽ǰػ÷ȻǷֿܳһʱ䣬ֱ޳ħ۲Żػʵġһλ̾Ϣһ飬ֻоħۺػ֪ղţħ׿˵漴ɡ
׵Ҳסˣüλʥǿǰȥ壬Լδǰ˿̿ĻַϣҲ̾ϢһΪɾһħֻۣһħۡ
ħۣΪػʶػʶ䡣
ַ֮Уػʲϵһö׹ѣʹĺݺݵĲ£üΪĿţ·𣬲Ű㡣
ֻ˫׹ɫ԰ֽ۽ǣˮ£Խǧ꣬ٴᡣ
ĸ磡ػʷһɳƵʹ࣬˫ȹڵϣЦʱ⣬ӣֵһʱ⣬кˡ
Բ𡭡ػʽԴУ׹ϵĿţĸ磬ĶԲһֱ㵱׵ĸ磬ǣԴǵһηֱԺҾҲûиЦԲ𡣡
ɳƣĵ£ػʣҲأһֱģ׸磬׵ˣˣһˣһ̵ػʣǿƵŮˣĮŮˣͬСŮ㣬ô
磬ַ㣬ͬ̾ϢԣΪĵݰж˸С
ģȫַ㣬ҲΪϣػʣϣƴػʣַ㣬ػʣ顣
ַ̧ͷ죬һĨôַĿֿᣬУ¶һĨõЦݣһЦ·𽫱ڻˣһЦῴĲЦݣˣҲˣǿһᡣ
ôЩ꣬ú𣿡ַʵ
ȻۣڲϽԼ¶Ц⣬˵
Ժкδ㣿ַ΢Цʵ˼£漴ַ¶ΪȻЦǣȻޱߣ׷ҵĵΪѩŮ񣬵ħʵŵ
˵꣬תŲһ̤ȥУɴȻЦһĨЦȴƺžӨỨ
䣬Ϊ鶯޻ڡֻΪǳһЦ
ַ㿴ỺʧӰ³һĬء
ôַ࣬ľıˣ仯̫
ұ϶׵۵˵ַ㿴һۣϼһûʵˣ
Ҳٹǧֻذɡ׵ȻһЦˣԤĻΪػҪңʲôʱȥһˣԤȥ˵ĻҪ
ַ㷭˷ۣѹϼһô˵Ѿ˵ģȻҪȥԤߣ̫ˡ
Ԥѵ˼ַĵ
ȻΪѵָСܰﱾ۸ʹͻ׵۷˷۵ַ
ַԣ漴˵ͷã׼ȥɡ
Щġϵ˵漴һЦŹ㺮ȥ֪㺮ʲôö
ַ㿴ϵĶһ㶣漴ֻڶһЦҲĵĶ˹㺮С
ʦͽַԵĵ˿һĻҲȥַڣȴֲңַ㣬ѷַ㣬Ŷ裬׷ɱ㺮Űɢ㺮ʥ壬ε̬
΢ںºϷ˵ϣƽõŶһףѣúϢʥ壬Ӵˣ


2272 Σ
Ŷַ㽫㺮ɢȳҶҲȴһ׮¡
ַ㲢δŶͣʮ֮ԼԽԽַ׼ǰʥʳʥ׵ǰ֪ͥͨʮǰǰѩ帰Լ
ʥʳɴȻǿһȴʳʥգ޾֮׼ʮ⣬һȺңѪڽǿޣʹʥвһЩû٣Ҳǿ򣬼ѹʳգʳͬˣסʥľƣסǿʹ֮
ʥʳһֱſµѹΪַԵʣʥʳʳͣһֱǴڹ״̬ػʳȼʳʥʳʹЩʥʳһֱſãʮǰַȡһΪһϢʥ֮ʳЩ̫ʥʳֻڵȣַΪ߸ϵʥ츳׷ӳΪһǿߡ
һ죬ʥн߳˷䣬ֻоˬ񣬶ʮѾ۷ΪϢ֮ʱǿޱȣ˫ɾƯƺ̳ĸŵ㡣
̧ͷһ۳ʥǴһĨЦ⣺ƿصɴʤС֮ʳʥʥŮҶҸץʳʥŮҲҪһԡ
˵ţʥֱ̤ӳʥʳ֮ȥգʳʥԼʥŮһۻᣬˣʵһ־뽻棬ǿÿһԼȦӡѺ͵ˣַˣʥҲˡ
ʥ뿪ʥʳ֮ʱַûĿʥʳʥʳ֮ʱͫȻʥʳû˲ʶַģûмˣǵӰҲǿεġ
һΪʥʳյʥʳһΪʥʳʥĸˣˣǵʥӵĸ
ʥ죬ȴ֪γƺַ΢΢һЦ漴ǣֱӳȥ
ɫһ漴ȡһö洫ͬʱˣܿ죬һ֪ͨϷ߲ʥʵʥʳʥЯʥʺ̤󣬻ʥʳǿߣӭַģ߹ģǣʥʳҪȺһ
ַԶԶı㿴ӭ֮ˣɵ΢Ц£ʥʺ˿
ַ㣬ЩȥȻɱˣΪһʥʴЦ˵˿ַƮ죬ľ磬Ȼ޷ַʲô磬ңַ˵ʣȫͬʦȣŵʮַ꣬Ѿɱ䣬ٹʮΣ
ַȻһЦʥʣôʥлʳչˣҶ˸мСһɻã
ȥСӹʥ΢Цŵ
ˣֱӹȥɡַ΢΢ҡͷ
ʥʿһģ漴˵ͷ˳ʥסĹжȥȻȴõʥڵϢ
ˣ˵ʥһЩʳʥԼʥŮ¥иۻᣬСҲȥˡʥͻȻ뵽ɵÿ˵
¥ȥ
Ҳãһɡʥˬʵ漴һ̤ȥ뿪ߡ
¥УƮ죬Ũɾ㣬˿̣ĿעΪ¥ϣȺŮǷǷ
ػʳһʥؽɽ˵ʵ£˵õػʳһЩﴫУǳˣкɱ֮¡
ʳһʥŮ̫ͬǷǳʵǿ
ѧԺǼţûߡ
Ҫʥַ֮ӣ츳£ɴ·ǧ֮ħʵǿ
ϣ¥ϵȺſֻʱؽɽ˵ʥ˵ɴС֮տ±سɻʱ׼ҵȫɵɾԼ
ʥĿһ䣬ɨؽɽҪǷˡ
ôĿؽɽһ㸸׹͵ʥʳ͵ػʳĹʥ˸һ㻹ΪԼ˭ˣңǷַĻ֪ء
ĮʳʥһЦˣַ㻹ʥʳʱĸѾˡ
ʥĻʱһŭҡϣ
÷Сһʱƿ֮ϣʥ˵Ļɫһ䣬¶ɱ
ڹ⼤ŭʥ֪ʲôַ㵹ƽľᱻ趯ҡҪֵĻֱɱԷˣȥΪԷĻеĲҪʲô
ʱУշִ磬ɱ޷ճǼŭʥҪʥʵʥʿ˵ַ΢΢ͷֻʥ̤˵ֻ֮ˣһϰɡ
ؽɽɫ΢΢ͫ⣬Ϣţͬʱ֮Уַüͷ΢΢£ʥʻ࿴һۡ
˹ˡַʥʴԵ
ңвˣһλʵҲʥɫأȻܵ˰еǹϢ
ȷǿַ΢΢ͷ漴ݱãһףʹʥа棬ڴʱǵһЩƺҲע⵽ǵĴڣɨ˹ֻ˲ջء
ףһƺЩȣʥʵüͷȴţػʳʥʣһԷܿûϢδȥעʥкɣʲôʱ󱲼棬ʼʥʼĹעˣҿˡ
ַĿ⳯¿ȥѾսʥ½ûô򵥣ᵽ˲ѰϢ
ػʳˣܶʳ˵ҶǷǳ۾磬˵ΪʥĻɲҪôǿߵġʥҲڸоΣϢʳĲٴһ٣Ϊ


2273 
ʱػʳʥվһԣһصȻ˫۾ȴȻ񣬺һŻţĿ⳯¿ȥ
Ǻؽɽսʥʱʥָ¿յʥ˵Աߵ΢΢ͷɫƽ¿գҪɱҪġ
סʥ΢΢ͷ˵ĻȻȻȴûȥΣһռַԼʥʶʹǵüͷţк˸ԷȻҪʥң˿˼ǵĴڣʥ֪ʥڣȴӵ
дʥâ˸ȻֻʱʥǹһĨЦ⣬·ǹΪ֮㣬ʥʳ˿ΣǸı䲻ʲô
Ҳڡʥע⵽ĵĴڣиЦַҲܵˡ
ʱ¥ϵ֮дսɣʥλʥȻȫռϷ磬ؽɽʵǿַһʱʥǿܶ࣬ȻʥͬҲǾĴڣж뵽Ѫ棬ΪľսټϿµɴŭսˣԷݺݵѹš
ʥַ֮ս˴νȮӣʥʵȻǿ󡣡˿̣֮УһȻǹʳһλǿ߿³ʹò¶һĨɫ
һ̣˼ˣҲǿˣʥǷҲ丸֮
úݡ
ȻҪΧʥͫȻ˻º󣬹ʳʥŮˣ漴ĮʳʥҲ̤ս
ʥһȣ֮г·ûһУĿģֻͫױɱϯ˿̣ɱЩˣñɣʥʥŮһһţȻΧ
ַŲ΢̤뿪ƬսʥɫһҲûȥʲôַĴ㡣
Ƭַ֮ӰȺ֮УһΣֻһףϢʾ磬ֻ建ڿգսеս˿˽ɱʥִ֮εʥһ֮ƿؼֹʥƴŭս˴ǿߣʥʵȻǿȻ
ַ㲢δ֣ʥǿ֧ţסˣǿѹܹȳ޵սȻʥԽսԽ˱ܣߴǿڻʥ󣬾Ҳ˱һѪ
һ𡣡˿̣ؽɽĮ˵ˣߴλͬʱΧ˶ϣѹ˵սľ
ˣڣַٰ˴ǿΧεȾĶӣͬľ棬ҪЩˣѪծѪ
ĹŻʳĮַ³漴ֻĮʳʥһĿַ㣬ȵ
˵գȭâƿգַշѹȥ
ַֻӶ¡һ죬飬ĽŲֱӳǴĮʳʥ̤ȥ֮УĮʳǿɫһһֻ̣ͻȻֵӰһ⣬ǵʥǰʵ޻һȭǰ漴𺳵Ŀע£¡һ죬ĮʳʥӣֱӺһѪ⣬ɢҽж
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һʳʥӣɱһ𾪵Ĵ¡
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ַֻһץʱһֱֻؽɽϣؽɽһҪѣȻַܹġ
ס֡ʥʱһƲ£ַ㣬ɱŰ
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дսʥĮ
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ַһ³ɱɵ֮ŹʳʥŮȥ̼䣬ɱ
һĻʳǿͷݺݵĲ£ɫҰףַֻϢʥֹԷͻɱ֣ĿɨΧ֮ˣĮĵ˭һ£
ЩĿùʥŮһ彩Ӳԭأַ㣬ʲôˡ
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ֻһλᡣַͬİ㺮䣺㲻˵һὫøʳˡ
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ַĿȻתȥʥʲʶˣôԷΪҪʥ
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𣿡˶ַ㣬Ӹ£·߸ϰ㡣
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͡һҽؽɽһֱ۱ݻٵַ㶢ŶԷʣĬɲС
֮ءʥûɿڣַ·ͻȻʶʲô㣬Ϊʳʥʣʥʣ˵ηʥӵ˵ࡣ
ַ֪Է޷ɿˣ֮ͻʳʥϣַֻĮĿڵһʳ졣
ͻʳǿɫӲϢַȥǣҲûпڣ·Ҳҡ
ַ㣬˹
ˣַЦΪѾ֪˴𰸡
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ؽɽɫҰףΪػʳʥӣȷ֪ʲôˡ
ҲŰɱ㣬Ȥԣɡַƽ˵֪˴֮󣬷ƽˡ
ϵĵطˡؽɽ۾ڵʹüͷ΢΢£ַֻ˵Щģ
ַĻ£˵ģ΢΢˲



2274 ð
ַĻʹͷ΢ģˣ֪ˣȻ˷̫ſˣĿһС
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ƽһƲüͷ΢΢£ȷԻ
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ȻǿַʱԾھͥҺּ֮а벽²⣬Ǹ۷һϯλַôһֱͣʾ磬Ǿַͥ⻯Ǳ
ȻַҲˣǾֻдַĹȥַ֣֪½ȥ֮ǰʥΪʥʥӣʥ̽ǵַ֪һΪʥʥʳʥӡ
ǣȥɱַ뵽һ취ʥЩʳ棬ַ֮ʥãʥʳȻַ֪ͨģԼˣǣ˽췢һС
ǣǿȻûԤϵȻˣҪʥ˵죬֪ʳ
Ϯɱַ㱾һܹʵ飬ַĶӣӵĲʣ˴£ֻڰпţ˵𣬴˿̣ȴ˵֪ݡ
֮ϣ֣Ҫɱþǰʮˣɱûܹóѣȴû뵽խڻҪɱǰʮˣʥΪվһϯλӵַ֮ӣŶֵİɣһͿַԼˡ
ַƽ˵Ȼ֣Ͼ֪˭ǽ֮壬ֻǶ´ɱѣɲҽȫͱ
߸ϵϵĴڣΰΪɱַ㣬ȻֶԸļˣĶӣٹ⣬ôķַ̰㿴񷣬죬ĵϵĻּ֮ô
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Ƿ֣ƺ˻ˮģַ㣬ôɱģĺĵ
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ַǻصʥʳʥַ㣬ɫ˸ʵǿǿߣҸ𣿡
ʱԶӰԼʥʣĺʥɫȻ£ǡ
ĸףʥ˾䣬Ĳϵĵͷ̤ǰʥԴ΢Цʥ㶼ôˡ
ĸסʥ¶һĨЦ⣬иУԴº󣬾ûůϵЦݣܲá
ĸףҸ𣬻ΪʲôҪɱҸףʥĵ
ܺãΪʲôһѾĿԵַһۣϵĵͷ
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𼶱ߵһ𣿡ַ΢Цſʥ
ȻҼ̳Ҹĸ츳ʵɣǰҪӵĻȻһΣҸǾһӣҲġʥַ㣬Ц˵Ҫ̤ĻַʱЦǿڵɵӣ㸸ס
ʲôʥĿһַ㣬ҡͷĸףƭҰɣҿҸ׵òΣ
ءַݱ仯òЦʥʱʥͫĬ£漴Դϵ
Һ𣿡ַ㷭˷ۣ漴һۣ˶Ц
ʥ㲻Һĸ״δչɡ
֣ʥǰң缫Ϊпᣬոս˴ǿߣʳΪУεȷˣֶһ˫һжΪ˳Ϊǿڣ裬ָܹĸףԺҲҪ͸һ˴̡
ʥ˵ʹַʥļ򣬵ôοֻڻʳдſɲУҿ³籩¶ҲҪˣӽȥ½ܹõʥʵϿɣٻ
ַ㡣ɫһ
ģҪ׷ԡַ㿪˵ǰ·գʥ⣬Ҳһֱ
ãһʥصͷ漴ڵϣַߵͷˡТ޷Т뿪ʥʳǰ½
˵գʥַߵͷվֶʥʹȥ漴תȥ֣ܲá
ַ㣬һᣬǣ磬ͺñȽ죬ûʵʱ֣ʥΣա
ʥʣҲܶԻʳ֣ʳֱӸǣ˸ҶԸʥʳǵִ㡣ַ㿴ʥʣ˵Եʥ΢΢ͷֻҪַ㻹ţ壬˭Ҷʥʳ


2275 
ͥ½ϲλ磬ԣŵ֮߹ǿߣʵΪ¡
ʱھͥĵ֮ϣַ׵۵ӰһַֻĿճƵĹӰ඼ǵ۾ھͥ۾Ѿ洦ɼˡ
ϼһѾ֪ͨԤߣʹǰ˳Ǳַ׵ۿڵ׵΢΢ͷвž飬ȻΪֻһƲлҪǰ̫ѣܵƣܹΪ
ַ⻯һֱھ֮ͥУ˶ھַͥһ㶼İ˸ĳȥһЩʱֱ̣ӳһɹɹ˳Ǳ
ǴڽĴڣ˳Ǳ¿յ֮ǣǿɣ֪жٿɡ׵ɨһ˳Ǳ¿յĺ޾ĳǳأͬǿհڵ֮ϣ֪жô
ǰͥûУַ㿴׵ۣʵ
Ȼʥ壬ϵʲôطȥ׵۵˵ʹַͷ΢ʥ֮ǸµǿߣҲûжʡ
̤˳Ǳ֮ǳȥ֮⣬㿴һƮʥַӰ¶һĨº͵Ц⣬޾ַڴ̤޾֮ͺûо㣬ޣͬ
ǰ׵ۿԤߣ΢΢ǷȻǻǧϹǶԷ£Ҫ㣬ڶԷǰֻǸͯһȻҪƺһǰ
СһɳĵҲܿ졣Ԥ߿׵΢Ц׵ۻ͵͵Ļ켣һȺСһߣҲ̤۾ˣƾṲ֮̆ܲףеĹžйء
׵ԷԼСһҲû⣬ֻ΢Ц¡
ɡԤ߶׵ۿ˵ַ׵ۻһۣ΢΢ͷ漴׵̤Ԥ߶ȥ
ַ㣬ֻʱתֱӳ¿նȥûд֮ͣ
ڵĳǳΪ֮ǣ֮¿յĺ޾ĳǳأȣ֮Уס֪жôӴַҲδǰȣǳԶȥ
žûڣȻ֮ȸžУţЩɲȾ½ĴǴ˼ʮϹʱţǾ£֤ãУӵаʥǿУйʥڡ
½½Ϊʥ壬ⶼԴھͥԴϹʱڽӵʥ򣬾Գƹʥ壬ʵǸûʸھͥĻԳƹʥĻѣЩͥǿǰȥ½ǻЩԲĹʥ塣
ھͥӵʥ˵ļ壬Ϊʥ塣
ʥǹʥǶԣʥˣдڵģʥʥ˾ʥߡ
壬ʥ壬УӵʥǿžڼΪǿһ߳ˣͬ½ʥ߳ǿߣ˳羴ӡ
죬ž֮⣬һλӰϢƮ죬·͸һ֮·ʱʧ֮У꣬ӵзǳƿйصĵ
걳˫֣Ŀ⵭ȻƽȻվǣ·ܹܵŵһƸ֮߰⣬㣬վڷ⣬ˡ
ƺܹܵԷʷǷˣǳż嵱ͨʱ㿴һŻµ곤ڣȴŻɫ£ԵӢˣǻɫַ㣬ʵºˣҷ壬£
ҾַĿתŶԷƽĿڵ
µ꿴ַ㣬Ц£һ⡣
Ƿ壬ɲ˭ܼģԷҪȸǺˡ
½Ŷ硣ַƽڣʹöԷɫ΢£Ŷˣƺ˵
һ½֮ˣվڷ֮⣬ĿǶ˵Ǻѵá
ˡ꿴ַ㣬ƽ˵
ַĿȻתԷһɿµ·˲ϢԷֱ֣ӻһΣ֮ɫ
ͫɫȻ䣬ֲĻ֮ȭȻɱȻǴ֮ɫ˿ֱӽʹɫǳѿԷһ֮䣬Ϊ۾
αҪǧ֮⡣ַɫƽȥΣ
˵֮ʱµνԷεסľ棬ܶ
ãҴȥ꿪˵ַһʧ
ҽȥɡɫѿתַ㲽֮Уܴ·һ嫵ĳǱ㣬ַ󣬵ҪͼȥǿߣνǿͣҾ£µģˣʲôıܹ֤һɲǼ佫ɱ
ɫ£ȷ˼Ȼֱַ׵вԣԷƺȷʵ
ǣַһɫַǾСסĹˣҲûʸ̤档
ַ΢΢ͷ漴ĿУ
ȥ֣˿̣еľһ⣬˭˷
ֻһ漴ַꡣ
˭ַ㣬ʵ
С㣬˵½Ŷžڵʹþͫ£ַ㡣
ȥİɡַ㿪˵
΢΢ͷ漴ȥɡ
תȥַ֪ԷҪȥˣҲ⣬ԾĵλȻ赣ʲôžڵĹУʵ֪Ŷûһ
ңַ㡣ַž˵ʹþ£ȻתŶԷһôĵӡ
ﻹðɡַƽʵɫ£֪Էȷʵַ㡣
ƺ׷ɱ㡣˵
֪ڽзַ֡ӦһԷͷȷûܹϳ


2276 ΢ϵ
ַסĹһƬֺˮǰﻷľҡҷеĽǴ˵ᴫȥ
ˣַٶȿʵϴһϯ̸ʵѾǽи
ڷ嵱УΪ⣬ڷ嵱УԵúΡ˵ĸףǳϲȻҸףȴ޷ʱĸߣټϷһЩڲ⣬ﴦЩ΢Ҳһλʥ˵ӣҲû˸ҶΡ
ַ΢΢ͷʮɵӣֻҪʮڣһʥ壬ҲҶģʥĴڣǼǿ塣
Ȼˣ뿪壬αؽַ㿴žڵ
ΪҪ뿪ڷ壬ѪܹǿķӳֻҪϿлõɵѪϴһɱ䣬ŷ֮֮㣬ʮȻʥȴҲĸϣҪԭ׵Ļɾޡ˵
ôǣ廹޷Ͽַü
Ҹ׵ΪĸףƽĹԸ壬Ϊ֮ˣܴ󣬷壬һֱҸпǷģϾҸ׵žжżǻǿߣʥ̤֮ʥ磬ע˵ģӦõҸڷĵλ
ĿڵʹַɫһһԸ壬ǵȷץס
ˡַɫһž㵽Ǻ̬ȣվ㸸Ǳ߻ĸǱߣ
ǷĽ㣬Ȼϣãһ飬Ҳᡣ˵
ַ΢΢ͷվ˭ĽǶȣǣϣá
أ壬Σַ㣬˵
ΣҷĲ¡ַƽĵ
ǷĲ·ɣҪҲϡĮ
ַ㿴΢ЦŮ˻ҪЦźÿһʱ㣬
ַ㣬ΪΪҲҶ㡣ӿһĨĨɱ֮⡣
ΪܹңַЦ˵ʹþɫһͣһǾһϯλʵ£ôȥ͸Ϊ֪жǿˡ
ʲôʵʵ
Ծַ֪ƽĿڣһɿµɱȻ亮ˮһƿնͬɫ绮񷣬ַɱȥһ飬ֱַʺɱ֮ϣȴµĻƣݻһС
ַ֣Ȼ䳯Žһץʹþɫ£һһ̫дˣȻĽַ֮ʱĿȴסˡ
飡ַ³һ漴촫ˮ飬һƬ׵ѵͷڵϵƬͷţʵ࣬Ѿôô
ʮ꣬ǰûзΪ۷ܹ֮Ըͨ۾ǿߣַǰ·˺ԷʸûС
漴ͻأһЦڵа취ˡ
ʲôַ㿴ž
Ȼ壬սôǿĻôΪĴڣڷĵλֿһΡͻȻڵʹַʥ壬ǿƣȻսأҲλɡ
ʥ壬Ƕһеǿ߿Ķ̫أΨһǿ⣬ʥߣǱΪʥţˣôҪҸףλܸߣ㣬չ¶ʥǱʣͲһˡ˵
ַ΢΢ͷȷʥԣصģ¾ֻʥˣǰʥʥۣһּ壬Ѿ𲻵á
Ż߼ĲΣȡƽʵǣȡ۷εЩһʥߣһȺǿʥۣһ֮
ãڴȥַ㿪˵΢΢ͷ漴뿪Ƭ֣žסĹȥȻǸ߳УͿһȺǿǵȺУȻиղŴַˡ
ûʲô飬뿪ɡ˵ȻЩβΪ׵꣬Ŀַ㣬䣬Ϣͬæް㣬ַ˹ȥ
磬뿪Į˵
壬̤㣬˭䣬ַ㡣
һ³ͬ㣬ʹðɫ࣬žС㣬ӵʦǰҷݻү񣬻ǰ̤֮ƿؾߵ˼ϣСףǡ
˵ţȺȥַɫ΢£ʵӣվֵ֮Ļǿꣿ
츳ǳǰʱûľ̤۾磬ټʦҸͬһʦֵܣߵıȽϽϣҺͻĮĵ
壬ȻҲ⿴һĻַ˵ʹþĵһۣ壬Ȼ⿴һĻǺͻĹϵһ㡣
ϵ
ַһУȻַʱҲǲʶϾַ㳹˱ݡ
ҡַò£ʹ£֡
ַָ꣡ס촽ʹ£ĵͷɫһĨĻ֮ɫ
׼ȥԼ￴ַʵ񣬶ʮ֮Լʦʮ˺ַԼ֮ڣ
ַ΢΢ͷ
Ǻã֪ͨʦ𣬸Ѿ￪˵ַȴҡҡͷѾ֪ͨʮǰˣΪġ
ңһ
ԣ㸸׽иңȻҪúչ㡣ַЦ£ʹЩַ̣㣬һôˡ
һԼչ˺ԼȴЩƵĿַ㡣
ͱӲˡһۣͥΪһôԼôǧ֮⡣
˭˵ġﱻҴ溬֮⣬ʹַһЦ𣬵㵽ҪҪչˣ
￴ַ㣬ˮ漴ݺݵĶ˶ţǡ
˿̣ҲͬСŮ㣬绨һַ;̲סõЦѾͷһֱ˼ȴҪϣ


2277 
֮Уһ֮УӰڼɽǰ̨֮ͤϣţʱһߣеһλ΢΢лҪ˵
ûˣֱ˵ɡºͣ˿ûվڸߴư֮⡣
һǰȥҾС㣬Ǽϵƺǳã֮󣬾СһȥСĹ˿˵ʱɫһĨɫһԵһۣ漴˻ֵ֪ˣȥɡ
ǡ΢΢ͷ漴£꽫Ŀ⿴Ա֮ˣЦѾͷҲʡġ
ʦ壬ҲЦŵ
Ѿͷȥȴ֪Ǻˡƽ˵ԵЦʦ壬磬Щ;ȷϵɡ
ҲãֻѾͷôҵĻ⵹ͷۡҡͷ˵
ֻҪȷˣǻʦ尲ŵģ⣬ҺʦҪѡһλʺõʦܣܲɰ£ȥ֮УҲܹиõĹޡ΢Ц£ꡣ
ɫȻȴǳ£漴΢΢ͷҲãҲܹԵĻҲǸùޣߣĸףضҲġ
ʦô˵ұҲˣ˴һȥʦ𣬿ִܷ¡Цͷ漴һǣ뿪ߡ
ַȻ뵽ͻĹϵƺԽԽ
ʱԼڷ·ϣ׼ȼĸףȻʱַֻоԶһĿֱϣʹĿ̧𣬳ԶȥֻһӰǣȻ֮˵ʵǿ̫ࡣ
ӣֵʮλǿеһλΪ۷徳磬Ϊڲǰ֮ϵ޲͸һĨǿ֮⡣
ֻӵɫ˾΢Цλ󱲣
Ƿ֮ˣѡ䵭ĻӦ˵ð
ԭˣ»ӡӶַ΢΢ͷкһ
ɽҰɢޣκڻǰἰַƽ˵ʹûɫһĨɫЦ¿ˣѣɽҰɢޣ˵µΪ綼޷͸Ȼ֪֮ͨҵĻܷ֮͸
֮ǻһַǳ֮ͨӵĻüͷ壬Է˼Ҫַ㡣
˿̣вߣǷˣĻӺһţɵȤҪʦ壬ҲǾĸףĿĲ˵õ֮⣬֮Ѫˣ޻֮֮Ѫдá
£ڷҲֻкôܹĹϵһңӱҲ츳û˷壬˴Ӽ϶ԣҲܹƵǾ䡣
ʱȴһλİһ𣬱Ȼû˵ʲôΪĸԣȻЩ뷨ġ
Ƿ壬ҵѡ䵭˵ַ֪ʵȴӽյõľĴͻ۾ʵ£Ȼϣַϡ
ֻ֪ܷ͸Ϊ˺ǵѡƽ˵·˲˺ַ㣬˵㡣
㡭ɫһ漴ӼЦС㣬˴һȥ׼ʦһʦףܷСһ˫ԺǱ㶼Ǽˡ
ӵĻɫһ㶣÷ǳĲÿ漴ֻӼҶȻѡһλʦܣԲûС㣬˱һ˸ϷСˡ
Ȼڴ˿ַ̣΢΢ǰһǣ֣ʹ΢΢£漴Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ӿһĻɫҲһͫâһţƺ˼ˣΪַΪû뵽Ҳˡ
Ǹҵġַ㵭˵ʹûӵһ˫֮΢΢漴ЦĻұҪµΪˡ
Ҿվûв㿴ַЦ漴һ;ϣ˵ƿ
һ
ʱͷЩַܹսʤӵĻɽܹ֤ܶණһսܵ춨ַڷϲеĿ
ӵĻһ˫֮ͫȻ䣬һֻ𺣳ַ˶У˵Ŀ»ַϣܵնȼ壬·ҲȼգΪƬռ֮
ȻַֻƽվǣŻӣµĻȼţȴ޷ҡֺܣпµչĻУǿµĻȼţȴȻ
𣡡һɿµĻͻȻûһУֱӽַ棬ֲĻŰţʹȺԶԶıܿɿµĻ棬۾ҲҪȼ
ȻֵĹĻ˸ŵĹ⻪ƺַɱţûܹҡˡ
ߡһֻŲ̤ﵳ֣Ȼ䳯ŻдɱȥȻʱüͷ΢΢£漴Ż·һ̤ǻﵣǱһֻմץС
ô£ץӵĻﵣȺͫ£ӵĻﵹǼǿ
ʱҪﵣȻȴ޷ҡֺ촫ﵶѵ漴һֻȭͷԴ˹ȥ
ӱһ̼·ֵȼȫȭͷȥնҪȼͬʱ屬ˣʱȺȴ֣˫ȭͷδ뿪һֱŻӡ
ɫ΢䣬˫ȻݺһʱһɿµӣַƵ͵졣
ơӲ˷ָ·̺оŵָ⣬޼᲻ݵʹȺͷ΢£֮𣬺ÿ£̺֪ǿƻ
Ȼ˿ַ̣Ӱͻأʧ¿µӻȻתָٶȳϿպûаԥʱһ޴ӡһۣ˷·𶼿ס
һ֮ӵ屻׿ȶ£Ŀⶢַ㣬죬ַȥˣǿַֻ֪ڵںս
㿴͸ҵľ𣿡ַһɿµ޲ԷĻƻƽ˵ʹûӵɫǳÿΪݵĽУȴûռݰϷ磬෴΢ЩǱ


2278 ˼
ŻӣĮĵԼˣʦܣѵʸ񣬻ģҲһڰɡ
Զԣַ㣬ȷʵܲʵڷ֮ڣ޷ȫӣȥһսΡ
ûաַƽ˵漴žԼ߰ɡ
ɫһͣ˫֮УſµĻ֮⣬Ȼȴɱѹסֻб䣬ˣȷǸĶ֣Ÿ˼ҪԷҪõ
֮£ұΪʦ룬һʦŮһҲ뿪壬ҵû̫ϵҿҪѡˡЦаǷȢĻȻȤɡ
ӲϲûսԵ飬Ȥַʵ֮Ҳʲô򵥵Ļɫڵ
ַȴûô࣬ĸڵĹ֮Уһ˾ֱ빬УֻԺӰһů⡣
ףҲڰ꣬Ȼĸס
΢ЦŵͷĿ⿴ǰˣĿַϣЦ֣ľ磬о˵ң۷徳̺ǹϢȴʾܹ֮ӵеģΪһ磿
۾ɡַ΢ЦŻӦľ磬ȷۺڵľ磬սǿ
۾Ϣ֮࣬Ҳδ̫Щɫƽַемֺ棬ʵַδֻ֮Ϊͬ˵ľ磬ڱ˿ԵЩģ塣
ˣôֻæо˵ľ硣ԵŮӿ˵ŮüƲʮҵ䣬͸һ֪Уܹ;ŮòȻӹɵġ
ĸĸϵҲǷǳгġַа
ԣİɡָָǰӣ͵˵˿޷оһλʥǿߣǸº͵ˡ
ַ˷׷΢Цſѵңĸ׽СӰɡ
з֣ҵĺѡ˵
ֻǺôЦ΢Ц͸ŵǹâ·Ҫ˼͸
ڶԷĿע΢΢ͷʹЦַ㣺Сһ
ȷᣬӦò꣬Ϊʵѵã֣һ壿Աߵ΢Цʵ
ûм壬Ҳһɢ޶ѡַӦ
ɢޣҲδκε𣿡ƺЩʵַֻǰĵ˵ͷ
ȷʵѵã磬ûȤЦ˵ϣûа̬
Ҫû֮㲻鷳ǰˡַľܾ
ҲãҲʶһЩˣֻĻǻỳ⻳ǡЦҡҡͷһɢΪ磬δ
лǰַָ̡ĵ˵ͷǷǳĿ
ҲΪ䣬ǰӺἰʦϣѡһĽܳӣͷܻѡǺ˵Ŀ⿴Ե
⻰֮΢΢£һﵱУʵ̺˺ܶ˼Ҫ˵ܹ⻰еζ
츳ڣȴδֵȻ޷֮ᲢۣȻ˼ҪòܵóǻҲ˵û˼ֻ˵㣬֮
ϾҪѡȻǽӣң֮ˣҲֻкôġ
ЦԵĸףҪ˵ɡ
ʵҪǰ˿ַ̣㿪˵ʹĿƵַϣַ˴壬Ϊ
˵ˣﻹ᲻ףַ㣬ʵѾں˵ˣδĸġ
ЦֻҪѾͷԸ⣬ĸ׵ģϣǺá
ַ̬Ϊ죬漴С˶ԷİҲǾ˴˵ˣΪǿڴ壬Լܼŵ֮ĶȻϣԼŮܴǣˣȻɷûȥǱߣֻǣѭԸ
Ҳ΢΢£̧ͷ㵵Ŀ漴¶һĨЦ⣬ĸס
һĸףʹɫ˲Цݣͣĵͷ
ĸףǲˡЦ˵漴һˣ뿪ߡ
뿪ĿɺЦԵ꿴̾ϢһȻ˼ǣߣһô˵ġ
ѵҪҵŮҲΪǵ潻Ʒ𣿡תĿ⣬꣬ЦʧʹЦҡͷ֪û˼ģֻϣ㿪һЩ
ߣҲԻӲûʲô˼нϣҵҲˣûйϵɲҪ
Ǻο࣬ѾͷҲҵŮҵȻϣãΪΪأʤ飬츳ȷʵδһϯ֮أȻϣѾͷܹкõǰ̡
ͨкõǰ̡΢΢ҡͷ뿪ߣ꿴ıӰε̾˿
ͨѵĵڣδͨôǽЩĸںεأ̧ͷƮգһΣЩԼѡ


2279 򹥻
˵˼άͬעǶԴͬһȴȻͬĿĸףĹ̫Ҳ֪Ĳпᣬˣϣδˣһλޣܹ٣ܹԼ顣
ĸףܵʽŵԶȻѾܣȴûӰʹϵģˣϣԼŮҵԼеĹ
ˣû˭˭
ȻȻĸףͬһˣŮ˺ˣվġ
ַ㲢δ뿪ʮ֮ԼʮǵȻֻ֪ҪȴãڷȴҲһġ
ʱַ֮Уַֻϥ֮Уͷͨأ˿̣һͷʱԶգһƬɫչ⻪ҫͬһΰ㡣
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ǽڡףҵһҲӦǴ죬֮ѾΪҿٳҵ·ַаһڣҲôһܹͨõĽĹ뵽һ𣬷ǿĵ幥
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ַ㣬ٶȱȥܻ˷ܶʼתۼ䣬ʱȥƬ磬ַǰһµĽâôب֮䣬ÿһâô貣·㲻ɢȥǹɽ̫ˣһλվǰ棬ᱻֱ˺ѳƬ
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Ҫǿѹ֮ôȻҪħ֮İԵĺأȻЩǿѹǣҪѹֱӽɱַаѹƣ֮ơԵ֮ơ޷֮ơ
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˿̣һƬɫѩ֮УλѩУԶǵǰһ裬ˮܱ֮
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2281 Լ֮
Ҹףһܺѩ塣˵ĸߣ㻳ҵʱ򣬸׺֣ܿ͸һһǳҸʱѩ˳֣ӲĴӸߴߣʥ׶ɱˣûоҲܹʱ龰
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Ǽɲܷѩɵ˺Щˣ߸ϵĸмһˣҪޡδĺӡ


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һַ̣㷴ƽѩĻӦ֪ˡ
飬ѩǵӰַ㣬ѩ³
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ַ㷴ֱһ˦˳ȥ¡һ촫յıѩֱըɷ顣
໡һʹĺˤڵϣһƬѩһֱĴſ첻ѪҺڵϵİѩ֮ϣ˲ȾһƬ


2283 ζ
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ַѩĻĬԣûȥûȥȵ֮һеĸ߰ȻԵò԰ס
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𣡡µ˻·ܽ˵嶼ѣַֻоԼһֲѪڵУ˿˿ͬʱצץ˹͸һ޷ֿĿ¾
⼫ΣյĻûַһüͷֱֻ΢΢̧𣬸ԼǰĴ£ѩǿϣ¶һĨа⣬·Ѿַ屻ֱ˺龰
Ħļ촫ѩǿߵֻһֻµͷ­ǣҧֱַۣµҪһڽַԴ˺ȴֱ۵סˣֱ۾޵У·ܹѩ׵ĦҧǷ·ܹҧκμӲȴûֱַܹ˺
ܺ𣿡ַ㿴ǰž޴ԴһھԽ˸ˣȴôƽĿŶԷ
˫ͫ׷·ַСԴô󣬶ַ㣬¶һĨµ⡣
𡭡ſֱֱַۣӳַԴ˺˹ȥղһԼʵʵʵ򹥻˲乥ַ㣬ַĲһҧû뵽ᱻһֱ۸ס
ۣδ£Ĵв£漴ȺӴͬһ˦˳ȥַĴСһƽķɣ˸ɴĹΧ޶оܵ˼裬׷׷ͳ˻֮ǿַƺһЩʲôͬղˡ
ĬƬ̣ѩٶ¶һĨõЦݣַ㣬˼ľ磬Ȼ֮ŰŸζ
̶̶ʮ䣬Էʾ̤ۣѵһˣַ㣬ʵѩһǳľϲⳡԼûʲôоͻȻһĨڴ̫Żû
ַԷĻͬ¶һĨõЦݣ漴һζġ
ѩѩӰȺַ㣬Ŀ⺮䣬һ̤۾磬ôܣ֪ڶʮǰʮǰľַ㶼Ȼʾġ
ԶѩƮϮȺϿգͻأһѩ۶漴һӰ·ƾճ֣վȻǾʥˡ
Ŀ⿴ʮɣ΢Цû뵽㾹Լˡ
Ӧ飬ȻҪʮɹ˿ھƣ³һľڵ
ƺšʥĿַϣĵܹڶʮ̤۾磬ѹᶨ¶ʮ֮Լ츳Ƚ˽⣬ɳȷܿ졣
˵գֿѩᣬѩᣬҪ׷ľˣһսɲҪ̫Ҷ
үүġѩĮĿ˵Ųǰÿ̤һѩһӡǡ
ڲԶĿҲʥҲˣȥ
ǱߵƺѾ̤۾磬Ҳѵõ˵ַ㣬ôоֺ˵
ţһ֮ˣҲַ㡣ԣһ˵
ŶԣֻעǳսӰ죬ǰʮϯλʮֵԴһ飬Ҳûʲôӡƺһͽַ㣬ѹָоЩ졣˵˾䣬漴üͷ΢΢£ͬһ˰ɣ
ߵɫҲ㶣漴Ŀһɫߣȥ
˵գͬȰʧԭء
ǷȥͬʱѩҲѾѩ壬һ·ǰУǿѩһȺΧһʱɵ¶һĨɫ૵Ƿʲôˡ
ôѩ壬ƺ֡΢΢һЦ˵Ӱǰֻѩʥ
ʥĿ£漴ѩ΢ЦҲˡ
ʥǷʲô¡ѩĿ⳯վмȥǿѩһۣ漴ַϣȻ䣬ͫ΢΢£૵
ѩʱһĿ˾̣Ȼϵַģ˵ʱΪ̵ӡ
ʮǰһԼʥӦ˵
ţѩͫʮǰǳԼû̫עȴ˵;ʥԼˣһλʮɣһˣɷĸףҲ˵ַ㣬֮
죬ʱϳôѩɫ£ʥɫЩ죬ʵ˵ʲô
ʱ򣬷Ҳˣַ֮ʱͬ£Ӱеˡ
ô㡣ܵСĳû뵽ʥһ½֮нѩ壬꣬μ˾ȡ˵һϯλ֮Уƺһǳ־Ĺ£Էǳѩġ
վǰԼ꣬ձ½֮ˣһݣľԺĵӡ
ʥͿˣüͷǣ
ʮɿһĻоΪȤƺ«һڣЦϵľʣʹ찡ϣܸʹЩ
ʥַ㣬ʮǰʾǿһˣþһϯλӦӡ˵ʥɫʱҲ£Щ
ѩҲ£ʵƺҪʴ̼һЩͬϣζ


2284 Ժͣ
ʥĿַ㣬˿̵ſʼǰַ꣬츳ȻΪʥΪͥѩʥˣַľ̫ңԶˣַ㣬ʮȥ֣ңɼľ룬˵Ľˣַ㲻ʮɴͥȫԼȡ˾һϯλ
ˣ˵·һҳ־ƪ£ַƽʥ·ַܹܵȼŵŭ𣬼ûа¶վʥַ㻻һλãҲŭ죬޲ýʬΣˣЩλߵ˴ȥ֮˵뷨ͬȥַеķŭ㣬ֱַ㣬Ѿӵʸ
˵ַ㱾ʵǰлȨһ츳ԼĵΪǰҫ۵Ĺ⻷
Զվһѩɽ֮ϣǵвѩһˡ
죬Ǿĸףˡ¶õЦ⣬
˫ȭգסĵͷ
ѩʥЩɱ㸸ףǿд㸸״һԼĹ⻷ӭǣѩкܶүүһֱչмӣ֮׽̺ΪУҶ㣬ʥѩᣬЩҪ㸸㣬Ҫ
˿ûбܻѩˣ˵Щ̾Ϣһʱ⣬Ǵӱֿ߱ģָѩйôСʱĸ׵ĴȻ࣬ȻϾĸףѪŨˮѩķ븸ĸȡ
ͷѩȻ̣Ͼѩ壬ܶа˵Ľɫ̻ܹоܶ˶ǷĵϲЩ˵ϲǲƭһӵģСʱ򣬾ѾˣѩһˣԼ˰㿴
ûٶ˵ʲôֻңԶӰȥҪʲôվĽǶĶѩ嶯֣̫Ѫˡ
ʱΪƣַ֪нյĳɾͣ㲻ѩȥ½ˣֱɸ߲ｫַһѩ壬עǲܵ飬ʮǰڵȫͬҲûܹԤϵδᷢʲôֻ֪ˣַ֪ĴڣԼַ˭
ʥҲ΢ЩͷۣǸѩ˲С鷳ַ˻ãĻΪҪѩ壬¾ͲùѩȻǲɱַģϵĹ⻷ѾˣȻ˶֪ˣﻹɱ
ȻʥΪʥٷ꣬ܿܣգԺгһͷַȻѾĸ߶ȣⳡԼ˭ʤʤҶ뿪ѩѩԸȥ죬ҲΪҪ̳ѩһ壬δпܼ̳иҪλá
ѩ壬Ͼϵֻĸӹϵ
ʥƽ˵ʹʮ¶һĨɫЩʥһɲǼô࣬ȷʵ
ַȥַ㱣ӹϵһЭַ츳ַԼȻȴҲû£Ϊɱǰʮϯλ֮ˣַҲɱ֮Уύַ൱ڵѩַϵϵޡ
ѩԣĽַ֣Լ츳ѩ޹أ˭Ըóһλ壬Ǳ졣
ַ㣬ȻҲ͸˶Է˼ҪһЦ𣬶ң졣
ղɱˣ񣬻һȴ䣬ôõô
ˣַЦˣҿԴӦ㣬ǣҲôӦ
ʲô
һǰʥɱҵ˲٣Щ޹ؽҪҲ֪ȥˣѩǣԲڶȻѩ߲´˭´£ҵǸӵǸնʮꣻҾʹӦ㡣
ַʹѩǣ¶ŭɫһǷҪʥ˺ѩԲö
㲻Լڳ˵ôʥɫַ
㲻Ҳڳ˵ôַĮӦҪܹɱ֮𣬶޶֮ޣʮ꣬ΪĵӣһЦ𣿼ֱЦ
ʥַ㣬ĬƬ̣漴ڵǰ;ޣαִ֣ſ񲻸ãһеĻҲġ
ȿȣʮɿеľˮ˳ȥ˷ۣͷҪǽѩ岻֪ܷܲſ㰡
ʥĿ䣬ʮɣѾ˲飬ִҪ֮ԼĻκεϣ
㻹ǲҪĺãαΰɡַ㵭˵ĿңѩᣬˣյսҲСɱѩ᲻ΥԼ
ʥͫһַЦԲѣˣ᲻Ǩŭѩ壿
ַ˵ԼսѩУҸΪҵܶ׷ѩ塣ַ㵭˵žʥ·ڸ߾ʥǷҲ̬ˡ
ս๼ѩ³һںʱʥͷѩУѩֱ
ǰ仰ַͿԷĵĸʮ֮Լսˡַ㵭˵漴ĽŲǰ˳ȥһޱȿµķ籩ʼŰ·ҪݻһС
䣡ַµѩϵıѣ漴һޱȿ񱩵ַϣʹַĻѪ·Ҫը㡣
ĵַ㵭˵ɵֱͨöԷѪѶ
𣡡һط·ҪըѵַΧշ·񣬶Ҫѣǿֲѩ֮ѷ·ҪƬռѩ峯˳ȥַϣ·𸲸һµıѩҪ޷ѩǿĹǴӰЯһʥݻһУر֮ϴѩᣬҪһַᣬɱ
һԼѩȺѩһĵȻ˵Լܣ޹ǾɱɣԾԵշѹɱ
һʥ¹ַҪըɣɡȺַ
ַȷеĸоҪĸоһǿܹвݻǻˣöԷݻ٣ۼ֮ĨԷһйͬʱ̧ĳһֲĹضշ·Ҫըѻ
ѩ޴ܹͫвʥĹȻûַܹݻٵ屻ɵ÷һµ˻֮ȺĶĤҪѡ
ȻڴʱӰ˸ֱַʧԭأѩϿգȻ䣬һЯ޴ӡأݺݵĳѩ˹ȥ
ɱ
һĮ漴¡ըգȺֻѩݺݵĳ¿׹䡣
໡Ϊ̶ĺȺͷݺݵţַֻͬ㳯¿ճȥһӡѩ֮ϣѪ̼Ⱦ棬ɢȺ࣬
໣ôַĽ̤ѩϣϷŰı鿴ŶԷʱѩĸоܹᵽΪǿĴݻٵ
УǺεȵ裡


2285 һ
ˣӹһӰַΧ˹ȥһ̲ס֣ϢַѹȣɫΪĽš
ַɨһۣĿ䣬Ľ··ǧĿֲ޴һɽѹѩϡ
໣ѩһ޴ᣬҪµٶȳַ嵱Уŷַ㡣
УַŭһĿֱӶѩ˫޴ͫףֱӴԷĶĤ֮У漴Ųݺݵļ̤£¡ľٶȴѩ֮رѿѷ죬ѩĴɽѩٶſȥѪӿϢѪǷ·һϵĿݻš
ѩŭȡ
ַĿĮɱϯ漴ٶȶѩ˫ͬͫףǴŵĺ䣬ʮǰѩǶôĲһݣ׵ĸ򣬿ɱĿһС
񣬶ʮ󣬾ȫ෴ò˵֮£
ôѩʥղ˵ĻǾˡʮɵ˵ʹһɫΪѿղţʥַȷһ£ۣȻʱ˭Ϊַսʤѩء
ַȻǾһϯλǣȡһϯλʱΪʱѩᣬѾǴ۷ˡ
Ǹû뵽ַǰѩᣬ˴һױַ̤˽¡
ʥǵɫΪѿΪⳡԼʧһλѩ壬Ǵ۾ǲʹġ
ַ㣬˵Լȣɣѩ壬㣬áʥո˵ĻڣַӰֻܡȰ桯ַ㡣
ŶңҲãַɫ¶һĨȤɫ
ⳡԼû꣬ѩ壬ɲֹһλ塣ʥ˵ʱ̬ǿӲ˵˿̵ֻǿӲû취
ѩɣһսʤң죬㶼ԴߡʱַһַֻĿת漴ѩƽϣһɼ֮⣬ǹɲͫûΪѩֺֻƽ˵һ
ַʮѹѩһλؾǰ֮ˣȷĸоǿ
Źѵѩ׼ΥԼʤ㣬Ҳҽ˴ߣַͬƽķʵ
ȻַĻѩɫȴȻôƽ·ûʲôܹҡҡҡͷѩڵѩᣬҺս֮ʱʤ㣬Ҳ顣
ƾ仰ʤ㣬ͬ顣ַȻƽĻӦԷ漴ѩᣬͬЩ棬ϣѩʥ˵ǰضܿ㡣
ַ㻰£ŲٶȺݺݵļ̤£׵뵽ѩ嵱С
໡ҵĺ̼ÿһ˵񾭣ѩ˿ѩʧȥ˵ֿſѩϣȥѩȻ˵Ṳ̋Ƕôĳ衣
һǿߣɱϯȴѹţʮֻǴַԼַı󣬿ַûΥԼ£ɱѩᣬҲȥַ㣬ɲԼĺĵķʽ䡣
໵ô죬ҿԺ໽СַһźݺݵڶԷϣѩ߻ѩȺ֮У˿̵ѩѾ˹ȥַҪˣڵһжַĨ¼ʥ˶ָشĴȥ޷ѩḴˣַ㣬̫ˡ
ʱǣȥѩ߸ϼʥʱ򣬶ԴַǺֵ̬ݣʱеַ㣬ǿɱġ
ʥһɱַ㣬ұ·ߣ˲ʶ̧٣ѩ岻ɱ㣬ɱ㡣
Զƿ֮ǿѩ˶ⲻɵΪ죬һ֣ѩ巢ʲôˣ
£ӰƬգѩɫ΢£ǻļλˡ
ûʲôѩһЩ飬Ҫ¡ѩƽ˵Ϊ׵һ΢Цŵ˵ͷ漴꿴ȥ漴ַ㡣
ַ㡣¶һĨȤɫѩ岻ͬɱǰʮϯλ֮˵ʱͷãַ㣬ˣһЩﶼǼַӰģһַ㣬˳
̤Ьٴǻǿ¶һĨõЦ⣬Ȼѩַ㣬ǻǶ˲ٵڲַ䣬ǰʥǰ½½Ҫܷ׽ַӰ
ӣҲˣǸһλʦһģλʦֺһǻ츳ߵһλ͵۽ѩһѩ䲻֮ˣȻ츳ӹɣڰǰҲѾʥ֮磬һʥһ㶼ֻŻ֡
ַ㿴ӣ֪Ǻˡ
һֱҪɱңû뵽żѩ岻ַܾаѩڵսԼɡ
Ҫս뿪ѩ壬ڱϡ
ȵĻ֮ϢȻ䳯ַȥַµıѩҪڻӵֳһǳĻﵣµĻֱӳַ˹ȥѩû
ˣӵ˳ȥѩ˶ԻӲãҲûȥѻӣղѩҿǻĿӵľ磬Ҳۣѩᣬôַսǻһַѩս棬¾Ͳ׳ˡ
ڣѾˣɱĻﵱֱַץУѪ֮ץסǲ֪¶жôµĻﵣʹûӵɫ˲øľʡ
ˣ󣬻ǿߺһȻԸϲ࣬ɷ˻ﵣ屬ˣȻʱһӰ˹ȥ
ͫ׻Ȼ仯µĻ⣬ַ˹ȥͬʱӾۿµʥ֮һַָɱ
ַһ˳ȥֻо·Ҫ㣬ȻʱһӰӹӴԭأһط
³оղźһȦ̫ˣַ㣬Ŀⲻ֪ж䡣
֪ַ³һƽת·ûнУûӸǸо裬Ϊţ⻹ǻӲַ֪ڷҽֹˣַ֪պսʱֻ֪ô룡


2286 ʥҲ
䶢ַ㣬ͻһУԾſµĻ֮⡣
ʮǰַھ̨ʮǿϯλߣѾͻӵ˽й棬һΣ;һϯλַ㽻ħĹ磬ʵͻӽӽǽҲڲ֮䣬ʮĽ죬ַ㣬һƾԻܻӣһۣһϯλǿߣ츳Լħ츳Ҫãʵǰ
ַ㣬˵õϯλĳҲǼΪʵҲԽӣ⣬õڶ͵ϯλĿڤԼ̵ӡʧ꣬ٶȹ᲻ҲԻһɳԽ
䳯ǰһͬǻŵӣңȻӸţѩͬһΪʥ۾սǿ
֡ʱһƽѩŻ䣬ĿڵһսҺԼ
ɫһͣѩһۣ漴ЦȻˣ롣
ǻԸܻ֮˵ʵû԰ɣսգûԵĻˡʥ˵ѩģҪԶԶĳѩģѩڶʮǰһֻ۾֮ʱΪȹ̣ʮĽ죬ʥۡ
ѩսѩǿ̫࣬˵ѩѩǰսʸûС
ַʥĻһ⣬ӶԷ˫ĮУ·ʲô㣬ʥ۹εȵĶѾ֪˻ɱԼҪʱ䣬ϾΪַ֪ڽһЩʲôĽ޷
ô鷳ˡַư˵žʥαԳսķʽأѩӦսͻһְɣһϡ
ַָѩͻ˵ʹ˵Ŀ޲̡
ַ㣬ֱ
ѩͻǺε˵Ҫһϡ
ʮգǳĺСƣ³ѩƮ˿۾Цŵͬѩ岻ԼĿ죬Ϳһϰɣͷһء
ѩŲ̤˳һϣʲô
ѩѩһδѩֶ֮ԸһΪ͵ˣ񲻽Ц
˵ѩ䣬Ҳͬ⣬Ŀɱַ㣬սĻܺȥսַһˣΪҲͬԼԼսš
ѩ߳ʱ򣬿еѩϵƮ䣬ַܣѩԽԽܣÿһƬѩϣַоһļĺ䣬·ǹɺ䣬ܹʴ굱ȥ
ַ壬̲ס΢΢˸
䣬Ǳѩ𣡡ַаһ׵Űݻǹɵѩֻƽվǣַевʥ֮ˣѩȥ½ľ½һ
ѩ֮˪ѩ³һƬգ⡣
ַ壬ڵ⣬Ҫ⣬꣬·ҲҪ˪䣬Ƭصķ·𶼱ȫ˱ѩΪƿء
ʮɷ¾ƺ«һâѩȷһ˲佫һƬշ򶼳գѩĶóĻ͵ʧȥ˷ȴԵǿķ򣬵Ҳӣܿµ
ѩÿһ̤ѩ㳯ַȥ޿ײ롣
Ȼַ㣬ɺƽվǣ㣬ϸһ˪
ѩ廯һӰеѩģַ˹ȥȻַ˿ҲˣڣһŰֱײ
𣡡һµ֮ôرѣ·жѩһ˪ַ㶴ȥǿµƣ·ҪƵ췭ظµ˼㡣
һɻıѩֱַ嵱УֻʱַҲ̤˳ȥıѩһصľ޸͸ſµı֮⣬ݺݵն˳ȥ
ѩϵըѣ޸ɽ֮˱ѩͬҲ飬ȻһȺɫ޲ַ̣㣬Ҳóѩ
ַ㶢ѩĮ³һʱѩ嵱Уʮӡѩ˲оһѹ
ѩ赲ҡַ㵭˵Ųǰ̤һÿһ̤ѩѹ£ƬػȻˣԨ֮ϣԨַ쫷磬һ̵һ
ˣַͻȻʧˣһƬڰ֮ӰѩǰѩɫȻһ䣬漴һ֮ɱ˹
ѩ֮ˣѩ̾һʱؼ·쳹̾Ϣַо޾ı궼Ҫ˪ı·޾ڡ
ѹ
֮ȥ뵽ѩ嵱Уһֱ֮û뵽ȥѩһ˲ʴңᣬңҪоû
𣡡ѩһ˪ϴַ֮ϣȻַֻһѹ֮ٶȻûСݻһУͬʱѩԴҲ죬·ڲϰʾҪ
ַ۾ɶŶԷͬ¡
ˣʥһŭ𣬶ʱʥַ𵴶ַ嶸Ȼ䱬ˣſѩڵ֮ʱŲϵĺͱѩĦš
̧ͷַ㿴ųѩԵľʥ΢Цʥ֮ԣԭҲƨ
ʥͫĮɨȥַ㣬ԷȻôˣղǹѹͨУ̺޾ǼΪµڶɣѹ֮
ʮԼսѶѩ壬ý޶˰ɡַƽ˵ʥַ㣬ĬʹַüͷţĪǣѩ壬׼Լ
ղõʲôʥʵַüͷøˡ
ַ㣬츳ѩסգΡʥ΢Ц˵ʱַɫı
ʥΣһ˵޳ܡ
Ҹһʱ䣬ˣұ֤һղŻûнսԼַ˵һ֮ƣʹþʥҲַ㣬в
˵ĿⶼˣգƺЩĽַ㣬вһʥˣвѩ壡
ѩղϵƮ£˿˿⣬˵Ŀ⣬ȫмѩеǵӰϣڸղţѩһ壬ѩ


2287 ɱ
ַ˿̵Ȼ׾ʥӣûн˵Ĵ㣬ȥѩֱǸЦ
ַ㣬ôѩˣ죬ѩѪѩ֮䣬Ѻãοˡʥɲɿڣƽ˵·ûַв㣬Ϊĵ
ʮǰôû뷨ַ㿴ƽ񣬲ԷΪʥˣַҲ֪ԷЭڵȡ
ʱ򣬻ǻˣѾдϢַ㣬ѩ塣
ѩ壬̫ʧˡʮ̾Ϣһʮǰѩ֮ǰĿһУаԵʥҪɱ¾ǲʮ֮ԼѩѾˣȴԼ´ѩδȥš
˵ţʮҡͷ̾Ϣʥɫɲ䣬˿зǳ䣬޲ַԼʮɵС
ʵַ츳ԣûжʮǰ飬ѩǲԸԹģɣϾ׷ɱַ㣬һѾأҲãôֻн鷳ˣַĴڣѩԣǲСвֳɳٶ̫ˡ
ʮǰʣѩǴ۷壬ʮѩսܡ
ַϣѩƮϣ·Ȼ֪䣬Ƭѩգٶȱðʱ䣬߹ÿһʱ䣬·ôҪ
ѩ壬ѩɱַ㣬ûУΪַˣȻַԼ߱ǿɱѩ޹ˡ
һʱǳݣ˿̣ȴ·㣬ε߹
˿̣ԶӰХ̼䣬˽֮Уַ㿪ڵַ㣬ˡ
ˡַĿȻ֮ϣӿ⣬³һ֮Ȼѩ岻ԼұҪиղδսԼˡ
׹ҫüӰƾճΧ·ǶǴ޶ѩǿɫ£ɫѿַ㣬ǿң֮Ѿˡ
λѩ岢δɡʥɫһȺ˿ֻϣĶ㣬ַܹټôǿΪɼӣʮ꣬ɶѩĳԽַ㣬Ҳȫֵӡ
ѩֻҪδɵսãĵӣƭ裬˭Ҷѩ֮ڿʼλַսԼ⣬˭ٶһɱ⡣
˭ٶɱ⡣
·ؼƮŵѩҪӵĺ䣬䣬䵽ѩ˵ȻûԤϵ˵ǿƣΪַ㣬ɱ⡣
ɱϢ֮䣬ʥɫڱˣҲû뵽Ϊַ˾
ȵȣͬ⽻ˡʥ˵ַ㣬ҽ죬㡣
ַ֮ɨžʥӵڲͬ⣬ңڻѾ˵£ô
ˣѩ彻ҲýҲýַŲǰ̤һĿⶢź汻ǿ߻ѩᣬɱΪ䡣
Ѿ飬ûɱѩᣬҲûҪɱѩǣѩ壬ʮǰ̫񣬽̫ɣ׵ļŭ
ַ㣬ҪʲôҲˣһɿµѹʥȻִѩһҲʥˡ
ѩ帲𣡡һըǰıѩѣתĿ⣬һʥ
Ƭռ䣬λʥ٣ټʮɣλʥ
ʥѩܹסǣѩ壬ҿ
ѩ岻Ҫѩ壬ѩͲˡ
Ǻ治
ѩûԤϵΪַ㣬λʥǿߣвʥֿۣµݣԿһʥˡ
ʵѩɵ͹ַĵλַ֪Ҫѩ壬ܻᱩ¶Ұ֮Ԥߵ۾һֱѩߣΪַ֪㣬ǽɵĴڣ˶ַ㲻
±¶Ԥ߻ǲǿһЩݳˣѩʥ⣬ѩ֮⣬˿̣һ֧ľţǴ˿һ˵ǰһˣǻһ֧СģţʵȴǿЩˡ
һλʥʥۣвΪַ֪ȷеϢǱһ֧ôǿǰʱǾѾףƺԶԶء
ʾǰʮϯλߣʮˣÿһ˶пĿ꣬ɱһһвǰˣȺ˿Ը󣻻˵ǰҪĿַ꣬㣬רŸɱ
ΪˣǲŻǰ½׷Ѱַ㼣ںηҲΪˣǽôǿݹ
ȥѩ壬ʲô˼ʥǿվգǰӰƽĵ
ѩ£ԵǰʥﵭĮĻӦ
Ц˰£һ˵ȣԷЦ
㲻ԸȵĻ뿪´ʥǵȻ˵Էһλ᲻ʲôû뵽ǶԾǰʮϯλ˱ôܣղŻǱߴѩڲλʥĴڡ
ַΣռˡʥаһȻǻ޷ȷ˭ʹ۷𣬽̫ĺʱУ˶ΪĿ󣬵Ǻ½رնͱˣ֣ʹΪĿԷСˣ˭Ҳ֪Ƿ񻹻ų۷
û˵Ǿվڣ·ڣȴ
ѩ棬ַһߵѩߣ˶ɫΪѿʥĿ⣬Ǳޱȡ
ַ㣡ʥһ
Ȼһŭ֮ʱַƺݺݵ˳ȥ¡һѩʹİţղ˫ķŭ׵ûƢһΣڸо˿־壬ַϵѹоַ㣬Ҫɱ
ѩ壬ַҪɱɱѩ壬֮ǰζȻ˿̣ʱܷ
һ··ɱ·ַתĿ⣬žʥɱ뵽ѩ֮УʮӡԼµ֮Ϯɱ
໡ѩᷢͳ˻
ңʥȡ
㶼ڵȻɱңһңȫ٣ַٶȺһţѩ໽ڽͳֱ׵ʧ
գһƬ


2288 
ַ㣬ɱѩᣬɱѩһλ塣
ѩ壬֮ǰ˫ʱѩעҪ̤ʥģѩᣬҲмܣ֮ǽ£ӭ죬̤һʢ֮ʱʱѩ֮ˣ·ҪĿѩ
첻֮ʱɷĸףǵ磬ѩ壬ңⲻΪ֪꣬žһĵӵĹ⻷Ҫѩӻأɱѩᣬһжַѩ壬ֱӴʢһʱʱֻʣѩһλľء
һ̣ʥںݺݳ鴤£Ŀַɱѩѩᣬɫţɱ·̲סйȻͬʱʥ˱ʥѹϣ·ʱòҪж
Ҳ̫ɡͷʥ΢΢ѩ壬ѩһôλ壬мǱʳΪʥ
̫ô̫ģѵԼʥĮ˵ʹɫһ֮ʱãȻ֮ʱеĸоǹ׶ĵԼʹ
ʱĹʥɫ£漴ַ㴫ַ㣬ֱӰˣǲʥ˼٣ѩҲˡ
ַĿһ漴ɨ˾ʥһۣúݣǻ϶֪ѩҲ˰ɣʱ䣬Ҫϡ
飬죬˭赲ѩ塣
ַĿԶһѩ֮޲ľǰԵ˻صݣѩϿղͣš
Զɽ壬ǣ֣ңԶľ룬ַĿ·𽻻һоǲõЦ⣬ַ㣬ˣǿ̬ѩ壬ӭ뿪
ԣѩ壬ûаֵЩû߳Ƭѩء
̤ѩʱַߣһַ㵽ߣϵ֮⡢Į֮⣬׵ĵȻ޴棬Ψвá
ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ˣ̤ѩ壬ӭԼӡ
Ŀ⻺תַ㿴죬һʮ꣬죬Ҳʮ꣬Ȼꡣ
סĿ΢죬ڶμַ㡣
СһôˡַЦ˵صĵͷףʱҾͿֻûа취ϡ
ŶַЦ£ļ򣬵뿪ѩ壬ⲻļңԸ𣿡
΢΢ͷ漴תĿЩѩһˣй£λүүԶǵǵչˣټˡ
˵ţĹһЩ˿ͷ޲̾Ϣѩ彫ǿжǺο࣬񣬲һնѣǿСһһĳ˵ʮûиǸܣ˿̣ȴҪֱ𣬶ң츳ôĺãָо˭ܹõ
һУͬˮ°㣬ͬӰ顣
ʥˣɫΪÿ죬վַĶӣѩʮ꣬޷˵Ҫ뿪
죬Եѩ𣿡˿̣Ŀ죬Į
Ŀ⿴ǱߣӦѣںСʱѾ֪ĸ⣬ӻҪĸ׼޸壬Ǹĸûһ飬Һ̵ܲĽҸ׷ֿʮ꣬һЩɱҸףЩҶ֪
ǣѩһܶүүĶҺãѩҲȷȷʵʵ֮ԣֻҪǲ˺ҵĸĸ֮㲻ѩΪУ޷º֣ѩ˺ҸĸͲС
컺Ŀ˵漴ַ㣺ףȻûʸ˵ʲôףѩгޣԺΣҪȥ˺ѩһ塣
ֻҪѩһ岻ɱң״Ӧ㲻ǳַ֡ͷӦ죬첢δȫվһߣΪ⣬ظ֮ˣͬϣԼĶôѪֱӾܹѩɱ֡
תٶȿѩ˵үүǣҸ׵ĻҲˣϣүүԺҪԸҸס
˵ţЦ£ѩһǣֻ̾Ϣ
ˣߡַ㿪˵˸ǿ£׼һѩ峷롣
ѩ֮ˣ޲ɫ࣬һ֮䣬ѩ壬ʧλڣַ㡢졢ѩ壬̯ƣҪ죬Ѿܣɱַ㣬죬Ժѩ壬̸ͷ
ѩʱΪһսֻʣһһλλȥ޷صġ
ַûжԸѩѩû̫УߣʱϣҲˣͱѩͬʱ٣ġ
˿̣һλĹʥĿɨԼǣһʱһ֣λһ˰ɡ
ǰǺ⣿
ԼףģֻҪǵİΣû⡣ǹʥ˵漴һѹ٣ֻһ꣬ʹɫһɱַ㣬ǿҪΪַѳᡣ
ӹһӰȥܿ죬ǿߴַ㳷ߣֻѩǷΨѩڲϵƮ䣬ûȥ߶һգ̫ѹˡ
һսѩĴ̫ʹ
Ϊʲôʥ΢΢ϣаԼѵԼΪĶѩĸ˶ѣȴߡ
ڣһǰȴûпǹΪѩãûȥעһУֻΪʱǴѩĸ̬֮߰ǰ½磬½籾ԣһ츳ˡ
𣿡ʥ૵
ʥĻɫһͣ漴һˣѩ磬뵽бһɺ⡣
ʥܹ㣬յľߴˣ̫Сˡ˵˾䡣
˭Ҳֻ֣ˣ˭뵽һ½ˣܹڶʮߵָ߶ȣڣ˵Щͽ͵ġʥָƽϾһλʥֻһ뷨ַ㣬
ѾˣôַֻԶ䣬õѡ
ʱѩΧȺţһΣǿƣʥ˲٣ѩͻǿ߶ˣǲûдѩ壬ţͬʱµѩ壬ǧ򸲸ǣһһӹǵҰ
죬ɱ˵ģ


2289 ֲ׷ɱ
ǿɫأ٣òǾ裬ݣǼΪµġ
ʱѩ嵱УӰХȻַǹˣ̼䣬ͱѩǿɢ򳹵׵İΧֻǼΪѵãΪһַкܴĿǽ˵ģַһ˿ɵĿǣһε㡣
ַ㣬ռɱڤռɱռһɱռһɱϯλ֮ˣռɱˣռһɱɼַͿڤĿжߡ
ɲҽȫųȻǸһɵıΪ½½ͱʱûжųҲǼ̫ͨͨǰ½֮ܿǰ̫鿴ʱ򣬷ֳ̫磬ˣıֻʣһɣԭǱΪвġ
ռɱַ֣λܹ뿪
ǰ޶ȥַԵһλʥ￪ڵɫ£漴Եʥ˶΢΢ͷʱʥ׼뿪
ַ㡣ɫһ
סͬɫÿЩɺޡ
Ȼ֪׷ɱ׵飬Ҳ˵˽ɵĴ˵ǣǽ֮壬ȴûжʲô飬Ī׷ɱֻΪ˷ֹ𣬼ֱɺޡ
ĿһһɨЩ֮ˣǵݼס
ȥɣҷģµġַЦ˵Ӳ
΢΢ͷԼַģǣŸոؾַۣҪΣգܣΪַͲѩ帰ԼҲᱻ½һУΪġ
ǣ죬Ǹǿ뿪ԼѩҪַ㣬ǵ뿪ûᡣ
죬㿴ˣʵΪˣѾˣȻҪЩ󡣡쿪˵صĵͷԸоõĸף̫ǿصʮ䣬¶ѹһ·ģΪǿμӾȡһϯλΪӭĸӣȻҲѾ˼ޣҪµĴС
ʱŵ˫սţֻǿ߿ڵλʲô
ףַ㽻ɡ˿̣һλʥǿ߿˵Į
ַ㣬ҪܣƬ˺ܶǿڣһӣɡһַĶУʹַͷ΢΢һΪɱͱѩǲ޵
סַظһмΪ䣬ȷǽ֮壬Ҫҵˣûн뷨ֻҪԼκεɵĴ֮䣬أļѣҲûΪĽɵǿΪϵĴڣԾҪɱҡУҪַĨ𣬼ȻˣгһĳΪϵĽɣܹĴڣһ⽫ɱݻٵ
ַĵӣͱѩô̫ðɣɱЩӣǻ뷨ֻһλǿǰѹǣǿ߽汾ô󱲣ȻҪɱַ㣬ȫ֮ͬĲġ
ǵӣַҲһҪһˣҲһһˡ
ѩǿ˵ֻΪµģǵˡ
˰ɣط·ѩΣƬգ͸ıѩ磬ѩǿµѹ£Ű֮䡣
ļʥǿߣַУַȻ츳£սǿȻʥУͨû̫𣬿շѹɱѩͻҪˡ
ˣպըѰ㣬Ͽգֲײ֮ݻأһεķ粨¿չ˹ؼ·ӷ籩ϯŰʹǿɫѿǼλʥ˶ɫһա
汻˷ˣ£ǻͱѩڲ룬ҲǿߵˡʥǿɫüΪأԷϢ֪ͨ˸ۣһΣˡ
ַ仰ɫһû뵽ѩһУôķ籩ۣôҪأ
˻ѩ壬ߣַ㻹ûзӦеɼԼŹǰУѩ嵱Уֻмλʥǿûиϣսʥ·Ѿ޷ˡ
׷ʥʥ׷ȥͬѩ嵱С
һ˵ٶȶ쵽˼£ǧ֮ң˲Ϣ֮䣬֮·̤ѩǿ߸ֲܵϢͫڿգŭλѩ
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¡¡ѩ嶼ڶҡǽԶ̧ͷĿⶢգɫΪѿ
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ǣһ촫߳շ·ڱӰͬ˲ˣ쵽˼顣
ַ㣡ʥɱ죬ѩ岻һλ壬λ壬ѩһ綼Ǻεȵĳ裬ѩûҲû֮¡
ȻǿʧɲǣǿҲˣֱӳƿسȥĿĮɱǿңû뵽˾Ȼӣѩƿѩ磬ΪϣҪ˦ǣûôס
ô£ȺַֻͻȻûǧŸȥңļλʥˣǶԴַһ⻯Ųͬķ뿪ǵɫһ
оԵ⻯һģ·Ǳֺȫǡʥｻ
ô׷
һһ׷ʥߵˣˣ׷ɱЩ⻯һŹһĺǵٶ̫ˣʯ֮ͿԾܶ顣
ǿͬǿ쵽˼£ǳ⻯Уֱӿʼɨһ
Ƭաǿ߿˵ʱһλǿ֮ϣ˫ӡؼޱ߹Ļһ̣رɫս֮Χ˼ǧ֮أµ˼㣬һֻ϶ɳȥ


2290 
֮Уɫ۵ʥǿվǣ˫·ǽɫģɨƬա
Ӧû⻯ӳȥȫĨȻٵϢеʥĮ˵֮΢΢ͷ漴ʼƬɨַһ⻯ûжսһܿ죬е⻯ɨɾֻʣµ߶Ⱥ
˵ַαװǳǿӵ⻯δã˿ʥʣеһλʥȻһжΪ
Ƭս˼ǧ֮أ¿һСǵһ֣ǣʱ˶̧ͷĿ𵴣Ȼʥǿ߳֡
ȫĨеǿ³һʱɫ΢£Ϊʥ۾Щľ˾ԲֱĨʵЩѪỴ̄ڸ
ЩжմȾѪ¿պܶ˱Ͼ޹ĴڣĨɱĻЩˣңô
յеʥǿߣ֮ͬ²ֻлͱѩ˴˴εΧɱ¾ҲǿˣҲ٣ҪӵɽɿܵĨ
ǰҪȵһϢɡʱ˿ڵ׷ļλʥȥˣºܿжǱߵַǷΪûеĻмĿܴ¿ˡ
ʥĬ£漴΢΢˵ͷҲá
ʱ¿յˣȻ֪ԼѾһߡ
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һ̵УԵ·ɫƽ·ҲһԱ
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ַӰҲǼĿ죬˿ѾǷıԵ˽
ߡеʥһַҪƿս磬ô
Ȼʱַ·һΪһӰˣһ޴Ӱ
ޱȿԵֱӴţݺݵ˽֮ϣ촫飬еʥĿ¡
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ˣʢ˸о𵴣һϵѹ·ѹ㣬漴һӰ¶ɫ
ʥ֮£ʥҲϰڣʥߡ
޶ѹ£ǻʥǿߴ˿̾Ȼ·ʧȥ˵ֿ㣬תܣȻŶѹ֮⴩͸գֱ·𱳸ʮɽһ
䣡һıʥֱӱĨɢ
ڴ˿̣ʥɽ̧ͷĿ⳯ǹʥǿȥһ̤ϣĹѹ֮Ϣ֮䣬޶޶졢أǬҪѹʹʥ¶ΪصɫĽŲҲͣ
ַȥʱû˼ȥս׷ɱǿƣ޷ֿ
ȥɱַ㡣ʥĮ˵˷׷׵ͷӸλַ׷ɱȥʱɽһ޺ĳλ𵴣޾ɽһλʥɱȥ¡һ죬ʥ䣬һǿѹƬգûܹȥ
·Щʥɫ̣ɫ࣬Զ·̤ѹ򣬷ᱻɱ̫ˣ


2291 
ַ㱳򷨻ÿһ̤һգ쵽˼飬Ҫ޵ٶȷӳ
ѩǿ߲ɱȻǰԵǶǿһлᣬžԲа飬ὫֱĨԶʧ
һأַ㲻а㵡ӳ˼ٶȣ̤֮ʱʹҲ֮ģΪٶ
ַҲм˵ٶȼĿ죬ǿóÿһ̤ƴհ㣬ͬʱǵַıһַҪ⻯ڸǱ㼣ղǱɽʥסʱûзΪǺַαװһַᣬܹ켣˺ȥ·һɲʧ
׷ַž޴ѹڲͶԷƴʱ䣬ͬҲƴʱ䣬֪ͨԷȻҲ֪ͬͨ˶Էǿǰ񣬾Ϳһʥȵַо̫ǣղǶԷʥ׷ʥˣǰеķҲķλԷصģǿ
򣡡ַͻȻӲת˷򣬳෽򱼳۶ȥߣֱǰԷصʥǿûɽʥıͱɣ츳׿ʥŲԽĺ蹵蹵ͬղɽʥԷʥһ׾پܴݻٵˣʥǿһͽĨʥڶԷһС
Ȼַڸı䷽λͬʱ֪Ԥߡ
ַͬԤϵʱȷƴʱ䣬Ԥһöλʥ˸ַǰѩ壬û뵽ǷˣұеҪЩԷֱӵ˫ǿߡ
ʱԤ߱ĳյУĳַڵķλ۶ȥ¿յ̧ͷǾֻܿһư׹⣬֮⣬ʲôΪٶֲ̫ˡ
֮ڵķλȥˡԤĿ΢΢£漴ȡһöȻ
գҾһˣǷλҽλúԤֲУִѶʥǿȥɱǸϵ֮ǰʱȣ졣
ʱ֪жǿߣַڵķλ׷ɱȥַͺһ㣬ǿ׷ɱȻڲƶġ
ھַǳңԶĵطмλصʥˣǳŲͬķλַ̬ǰƵλ˹ȥһ˭ȸϵַֻҪһλǿ֮ǰ
һܣַ㷢˼ٶȣΪʥǿȻ죬Ҳһʱûа취׷ֻǽǾһСַ㣬ȴַ㡣
ٶȾȻܹﵽ̶ֳȣַıȳﻹҪΣգһҪɱʥɫ䣬ɱйҪַ㣬ڸӵţַпǽ֮壬ǵռĿꡣ
ʱ򣬿¡¡켫ΪĿ£һޱǿʢĳ֮Ϣ٣ĿȻ£漴عͷһŻ֣¶һĨϲ֮ɫˣʥǿڸϵˡ
ǰ档ʥһ׷ɱַôãʼձһܽţڻʥȼ٣ַˡ
Ż˲Яϻ˹ȥԽ̫ˣؼ·بһΪѤ財
ַһĨȻҲо˻ʥ˼٣һȵѹ޾Ѿоˣʥǿߣȵˡ

ַ䣬͸ſ⣬޶꣬ɣһζ꣬ճɽɣƿ̤֮Խ֮壬̤ͥڴˡ
Сô죬죬ǣȻޱȾˡ
ǣǹϢԽԽˣоԽԽԮûе
ַ㣬·ӡһ죬ʱַ·Ҫ֮⣬ӵǿңҪ
ģǻʥ
ַ㣬ϧһдۣסҲͬʱһУַͫһȼϣԤߣ쵽ˣһֻҪڼһ̡
ˣַ·ȼԼļǱٶȿ쵽ԼŵĵزȻԵģһλʥٶڷ롣
׼ɡһٶȴ͸գַԺ֮У·ҪַܣʱַȥȴһУֻһͷȥԲ
ּǿ֧ļٶȡ
ֻҪʱ䣬ҾܷɱɡǻʥͷĮʱ͹ˣԤߣһϲˡ
ַ㣬ҲоˣԽԽעԺĺ棬ȴԷ
һȥ˾ˣʱַǰԶ貵̹ڲϵĽ֯ţ·Ǿ㣬ַȥ
ȥʥУ·ѾַǣһĨЦǰ·һ۶
ڵʥǿһɱ⣬ſ³һ֣𣡡
̼䣬ַϿգһַӿȥҪֱĨַ㡣
ˣڶԷһɲǣַٻ֮ǣ赲⡣
ƣԷһʱ֮Ӱٶȳַȥ
ַһŶ򻯱򻯱·һϱַͷϿգַ㲻
䣡ֲҪǻʥ˸ˣֻƳַһץ·ơ
ַǿͬ˰˳ȥˡ
ˣԷ³һһָ͸գ·ǻָ̼֮䣬ַȼ졣
ַŭһʴǿȫס֮⣬Ȼڴ˿̣һ貵̹ⶸȻϣʥ̤Ҫһץַ㣬ȴ̹Ʈ죬ʧӰַʧˡ
ҲͬʱԤߵӰڸϵˣŵĿһ̹еַ㣬ɫȻò԰漴ĿⶢŻʥˣɱͬϯ


2292 Ŀ
Σա˿̣̹⵱УһʹԤߵգߣ鷳һҪȻ
á̹ҫ漴һԶȥַ㣬ƺѾû֪оԼͿҪˡ
ǿһַ㣬ôΣһԽַ㳹׵Ĵݻٵ
ᣡԤ̹߱ǵȻ䴫ʥɫȻһ䣬ŭȵħ죬ɱҡ
ʱֲиʥͬʱţһɱԤߵţеĸоԤߵɱ
º̫꣬ǶϷ˰ɣܼǵҵ֣ҲˣԤ̾Ϣһ˫ͫ·ҪƬأ˫УƬأ·һУʱƬշ·ҪԶŵʥоһľ
һλʥǿߴ˿ҲˣԶţȻԤ߶Իʥֵʱ̣ͷ΢΢£Ԥߵ֣ħ죬Ȼǵá
һĨҪҪǰǿߡ
Ȼݡǿа漴建תȻԶȥ·飬ûйϵ㡣
ԤߺͻʥսѾûأԲǧ֮ط·Ϊ˷յĿռ䣬ԤߣԿֲգϧһдۣҲҪɱһλʥˣֲ֪ܺܿ
һ׷ɱ¾ھͥ˼ķ죬缸ʮ׷ɱĲ룬˵¼޾ľܾͥûзˣַ̤ѩΪʼ㣬׵ĵȼ档
һַ֮һʱɨͥ˲֪Ϊһϯλûھ̫ͥĲϾͥľ̫࣬һûҫƺһˡ
Ҳһ죬һλʥǿɣͥѾûʥˣΪַ㣬һλɱʥħ죬ⱾѾ˵±ἰԤߣͬҲħ죬ɱһλʥ
һʥ䣬ǶԣҲǼʧʧ֮⣬棬˶ΪŭȻʱ仺Ĺȥȴ֣ƽûȥսĻ󵽵׷ʲô飬㲻֪֮ˣȺܹõŭҲɹ˼ɣչս
ڻԣ׷ɱַ㣬ͬ飬֣ǣǵʥﱻħ׷ɱǿ߲ɵӣǸҿ϶ʥǱǿˡ
յλѾ˵ˣǼõ֮飬ʥħУҲѵУԷϣǺսһȫţһսԻԹۣսңôһڽһˡ
ϹʱǨʷǴӲˣЩûбĴսΪңֲ̫Ҳûа취󣬲˰̾ԤߵĺĸҶɱһλʥ
һʣַ㣬Ƿ䣿
˵ʥַһַ㱻˴ߣԣûַ֪Ρ
˿̣֮У֮һƬռ䣬ΧǱ֮ľм䣬һƬ͸ĺˮ淺֮⣬ַӰȻںУƯںˮ֮ϣ֮鲻ϵ嵱У
ľҡҷЩľ֦֮·ᶯ㣬ϵҡţַϸţʹ֮ԽŨ
ںߣһӰĿ⿴ַ㣬üͷȻԤߣֻԤߵԴ̧Ŀ⳯һȥڵգôˣ
ԼӵҺǿܹ֮ɢϢӦֻ˼״̬ѲŶԣ֪ΪΣȻѲǹдһ漴ڵϧϧˣῴַ㴦ʲô״̬
գллԤ߶Ź΢΢ͷ
տԤߣƺӣϧɱһλʥǽ֮𣿡
ҲǣкҪκεӣѹȡԤƽ˵һڴ˿̣֮УֻһλŮⲽںߣŮ͸һɼΪʣ·Ů㡣
΢΢£Ůַַϣ·ڰĸŰ㡣

Ůӷһͳ·Щȣ漴̧ͷԤߣʵһ֮
ӦǵġԤ΢΢ͷڣȴ֮ѭһַǳ΢εУҲ֪ΪβĽϧϧ˵ʹԤߵüͷøˣǿӵиĪȻƿأȻû˭ǿ߸ó
ҪԤ߿ʵ
һƺƣȻܷûа취ֻܿԼĽϧϧҡͷ
ǲأԤüͷø
ʱ֮ˡĽϧϧӦ˵ַΣ֣һѭ֮С
ԤԣĿ⿴źеַ㣬ѭһﵽôˡ
֮У춼ǳڣǶ޷ַ֪ˣԤֻǸĵȴַ֮УȻܹĵˣĹϵΪ΢ԤʱҪ뿪ı
֮⣬ڷ壬ͬҲ˼Ϊ￴ʮɣʦַ㣬ˣ
ʮ΢΢ҡͷ˵ȥ
ɫ΢£漴ڵҪȥ
ȥкãʮɿڵǿڣַӦò£ΪȥһκЧǰİɡ
ɫ΢£漴ȥҾ㣡
˵ţӰ뿪ߡ
Ŀ⣬ۼַ٣Ҫ֪Ϣûɱַ㣬Ҳ˵ʧһλʥ϶޷˵ùȥּɱɱһ
ѩˣҲڶַţţַϢסģ


2293 ַĴ
ַ㣬ɰ֮У޾š
Ľϧϧվַǰַַϣʱ˳ַ岻ϵţ֮˳УȻȴܹĸоַ嵱У޴У壬εǲɢȥΪΣûá
ǺαءĽϧϧ૵ԣ֦ҶƮŵ̹⣬ĸ
ڵѭô£Ϊ޷ɢȥտʵĽϧϧ΢΢ҡͷϾҲܽ򣬷״̬һҵçײײ񲻻֮֡
˼Լ־ľʵ
Ľϧϧ΢΢ͷпʹľղ⣬ѵַԼԸ
ʱַڵȷѭ壬֮Уڱʥǿ߻еʱһΪԼеǰһ⣬ȻΪó֮֮ӡһɲǣе֮ӡʹãʹ޷ȥʱľյˣԾǿ֮壬͸ڣס
ȻδַһκǰĽӽЩˣȴֱȣԳѭֱ棬ַԸѭɢȥ֪򣬼ΪѵãλᣬԶ޷ˣѵҪԼȥȻ
Ե˺棬ȷԼʶѭڵÿһλھѭ꣬ѭ·ҪΪѭ֮ʹ֮ĴԲ
ַ֮֮Ϊѳɣ̫ѣһڽӽɵľأܷŹԣڰļ󣬲
ںߣһӰվǣһԶŵϢվǣͷ·һϵĹ㣬ûܹҡԼҵĹʥɽѾ䲻ȫָƾ׳ʶȵ״̬֪ǿʢ˶١
ʱһУžλŮҪַ㡣
ľջĻ́ͷ漴ڵǽɡ
˵գǰĲľƶͻأһŵ˸ӹŵϿշɳ뿪ȥ
һЩʱ̣㿴Ӱ˹ȻǾԼ
ַ㣡ŵеܿͿַӰμӿ죬˲ϢַǰںеӰ΢΢Щʹ
ôˣ￴Ľϧϧʵ
Ľϧϧ΢΢ҡͷѭ֮УҲ֪ʲô״̬
һ˼˵ʱ֮
Ľϧϧ΢΢ͷʹһ漴ͻȻĬʲôû˵ֻĬĬתַ㡣
ôܵ·Щʧǰ㣬΢΢ӣ˫ֱϥǣͶַԴǰףǰǰҪչģǲõЦϡڣԼĸǰ˴£Ȼôת֮䣬ͳ
ߵԣοѾͷС̫ˣû뵽һˣȴҪ־档
û˵ãͻȻ̧ͷٶȿĽϧϧʵǰ֮УǷѹ
Ľϧϧɫ΢£žķ嵱Уȷӵһ֮ͨȴҪʵǿ˲ʹãһУӵдɵĹʱ֮Ѫ
Ҳ԰ɡĽϧϧ΢΢ͷܹ߲ٸѹ
˵ͷʹԵľ£ڸ޷
ôԲܡ
ҴӦپܷѪϴӦþܹ˰ɣ㣬ǻȥعž΢Ц£ʹþͷ΢΢鴤£ҲӦ
߰ɽ㡣ž˸ǹŵȥ
ĽϧϧľնΪ죬漴ĽϧϧЦҡҡͷһﾹȻԸΪˣĿ⿴ľգЦս㣬ָоӦɡ
ľտЦ£Ѿͷ٩ҡ
Уħ죬ɲǺ𡣡Ľϧϧ΢ЦŻӦ
λʥŮˣ˿ͬŮЦŶԻ
һַȻ֪ꡢʶһطѭֻͨѭͻɾԲ
֮ԲܹʥΪϵʥǿߣһκһλǿ߶ҪߵģַֻߵĸļѣЩ֮ߵһҲԵ֮ɡ
׵·Ҫѭƴһ𣬶Ŀ⣬ͣǣڵϢַ㾿
ڽ죬žķ壬˼İţӦʼ֮ѪϴӣڷǷȴδ̫Ĳû̫עΪǵĿ⣬˿̻۽ַ֮ϣû̫ע塣
ʱ仺ĹȥַϣѭѾ򿪡֮ͨʼ֮⣬ѭ֮ƽɡ
ôˣʱľշַ쳣֮ӿڡ
ô֮˲仯֮ɻڽдѭʼձƽ״̬ĽϧϧûнӴ֮ԲˣѭζʲôΪΪַ㵱ʱܵشЩŻģַҲȷʵˣֻǻԵɺ½һء
ٹ۲°ɡľտ˵ַ㣬ԽԽˣеϢ·޷ɺԵ㣬ʹ˶ǳ𾪡
һ죬;УһֱҪֹǣִȴ޷סֻϣ֮ǰַܹѹ


2294 
嫵һ֮ǣǴ񷳯¿ȥ㿴Ĳһǣǣһޱ߾޴ĹŲ֮ϣ֦Ҷʢ֦Ҷз֧޾·һŴԶʱĹ㣬ɫ
ַڵλãֻһ֮У룬ȴûźе
;ˣַδѣͷ£иһƲõͷַ㲻ѣ뻯ַ㣬ַܹ
ǰʱܹĿ⿴ĽϧϧͬʱԵǰãַѾͷɵ¡
Ľϧϧɫһͣһۣɫָֻ糣ûиĲȴǲģƽĵ֮иյĿܣҲٹһʱ
ĽϧϧҲַ֪㾿ʱȴĵԸΪΪ˵ԣľȻҲ֪ϧϧѾͷԣҲȴҴҲϣַܹѹСѾͷҲΪˡ
ɵĿĽϧϧһۣʵ𣿡
ȻҿŮʥƭһСѾͷĽϧϧЦ˵͵ףﾹЩ΢΢˵ͷٵ죬Ը
Ľϧϧһ㶣漴һЩʱɡ
ȻѾ֮飬ѣȻܿ첻ѣζŸûáĽϧϧһЦʹþҲһǵĿⶼַ㣬Ψнϣַˡ
ǣַ֪֪㲻ȥҲȻԼѹ
ˣ죬ȴûзӦȻһЦַ߾ַƺɵЦ㡣
ԺһֱҪһˡ΢΢һЦ
ɫһ漴ֻȼ˻棬֮죬ϣһŷӰޱߣȼš
㲻ɫȻò԰ף
㡣˿̣ͻȻЦĿ⿴žЦݣһŵã㣬ллһֱôңǷġ
㲻ҡͷȻֻշַ֮嵱С
ַ֮ڵɲǣַио׵ͨѭܹ֮һУˣܹ뵽ѭУʱҲ˽̼䣬ַеĸܵ˸ǿҵ֮⡣
һִת
ᴩ
֮תַѭӵ˳·ҪͨˣֽȻͬҪѭ壬ͬɳĮеĸɺˣźеû֮תС
һˮں֮ϣȼյ壬ʹ
ȴûбˡ·ܿİ㣬ߵú̹Ȼ壬ı
ľտ۾ٿУܹ⣬ʱʹ
ĽϧϧҲͬжȻʱͻȻ俴˺е֮ţɵÿַ㣬ʱַͬ޵׶ʹɫ£ȵȣҪ
һ𾪵ˣ漴Ҳע⵽ַ쳣漴ַͣиռ󡣡
ͣ£档ֲ֮İĽϧϧһ̤ߵߣ漴һԴϣ̼䣬ŵתأ뵽ڣһĻҲڻ
աĽϧϧͷ΢΢£ﻹδ׻껹δܴ̫أܹʹ֮ת
Ҳסˣܿ죬ϢƽĿⶢַ㣬ַֻ㻹ڷ֮飬·е֮鶼Ҫ̸ɾ
ô£ɫ¡
ڵ·ƽ⿪ʼתޱ˳ƺҪͬڡĽϧϧַ㣬𺳣漴૵ҪˣУǼ
Уɫ̣ǳ³˿Ѿͷô˳嶯գ
£漴žƤЦ£ַּ㡣
ǺˡĽϧϧŮ£ַڼ֮飬Χʼγһ籩⾳ܿɢȥƬض֣̼䣬ЩĹʱڣʱޣھת
Ľϧϧľն쾫£ͷ΢һɣڽҪʱԼ֮ɣǾŰɣѹϧһд۶Ҫ˶һǿĹʥ£»ҪѪˣʧʥûɱַ㡣
⻷ֱȻ䣬ַĴ̣һʵϢ뵽嵱Уַ¶һĨЦݣѣڴԲָоܺá
ɲǣַоһɺ⽵ϣɵ΢΢˸£漴帡Ŀ⿴ĳ򣬵
˿̵ľĮ·Ҫȥ㣬ַһȻ
ˣôûȻУĵ÷Ϊ
ʲô˼ַĿ΢΢һ漴ֻһֱδѹҪ
ַĻͷ˲ѹ֣ѹоһ֮ԭ
һַ㽵ԣϵĲЦգգɵѾͷ
ⲻû𡣡Цŵ
û£ǰ㣬Ѿˡ˿Щˡ
ַ㿴ĽϧϧľգձλǰȰɣַ֮м
˵ţַŮ΢΢Ƿ
֮ͶѣСѾͷҪúöľտ̾ϢһܹΪ㸶ˣֵȥϧػ
סַ΢΢ͷ漴֣о˿˿ů漴ƬɫĿռ䣬
ľǰԤߵľʶ˵ʹַȻʣԭˣԤľռʱϵ
ѩַһΪ֮⣬㽫ɱϧ
߸ϣҪͬǰ㣬վ˭ܸ߸ϣӴʹЩ߸ϵĴڣ̳


2295 ٻ
Ͽշһɫۣ·ܹ͸գһС
ڽɫ۵¿գǿ׳ֲĹһ̹ޱȣȻâȴɫ͸ܹ֮ڲһЩ飬˿̣˫ɫۣ㿴ַ˹漴ĺϣʧ
ܿ죬˶õϢַδ˹
һʱ䣬ŭǻһѹ֣֮ʥ֣ûܹɱַ㣬ʧһλʥǿߣ´ҪΪһЦ
ɺ޵ǣǣɱ˺ܶ޹ˣûɱַ㣬ǣȻ⵽Ȼ߸ϵԲںκ˵뷨ΪжȻϣȴǷǳÿ
ҲҪģβûɱһпǽ֮ĴڣλᣬҪ׷ɱַ㣬Ͳ̫ˣ£Ѿк֮ܶˣΧȥҪ
㣬ȻҲ֪ˣԤѾ֪ͨľա
ʱַ֮أƬˮе·𶼱̸ַɾˣľȴԵòô⣬š
ַѾ֪ľľպĽϧϧǳм֪Լ˵ȥ޷ס
ַ㣬׷ɱ㣬еʱϿձ֮ﲢ֮أǿ¿ûϢܿᴫȥҪ׷ɱĻȻǿľŰܱߣѷɣҪǰ½ˡ
Ľϧϧַ㿪˵ʹַɫһûƺֻ½ͨ뿪Ȼٻؾͥâ
жǿԻȥˡַһҪ֪ʲôʵжҪЩ߸ϵĴڣַ㣬ԼȫԺˡ
ϧϧ֮ǡַ㿴ĽϧϧĽϧϧЦ£һȻƺϧϧ֪ұô
֮˻ôңеһ£˭֪˭жϧϧҲŮ㡣ַЦʹĽϧϧһһģַ㣬Цħһʲôʱôͷĵˡ
ˣǾͲҪȤˣַǰ½Ļ»׷ɱȥַ㣬ûɣľմʱ˵ַЦİɣóֻ֮Ҫûбҡһ䣬ûܹϳ
ãǿ϶ܸߣĿ̫ԡľռַ΢΢ͷЦطңһؾͥȥ㡣
һ㶣ͷ£·뵽ʲô㣬Ȼַܿ΢Цŵͷȥɡ
һԿţĿ˸ҲΪζû뵽Ϊַ㸴գӦ˼嵱еȻﻹδⱾǾϣģԼڣƺˣӦ飬ô죿
֮ǰȫΪַŴӦġ
ϧϧַǰ½ͨɡľֿ˵Ľϧϧ΢΢ͷַǰУ뵽С
ϧϧôо˺٣ַΪʵ
ûѡĽϧϧЦŵľ飬һУ
ַɫ΢ͣ漴Ц£ûж˵ʲôһЩʱ̣ǰ½ͨĽϧϧַʵ׼ǰһƬ½
½ɡַЦŵ漴عͷ˫գЦһ
Цŵ˵ͷ漴ַֿ˾ѾͷҺúչ
˷ۣݺݵĵַһۣ漴ַֻת½Ŀռ£建׹عͷַЦżˣ漴ӰʧǵߵУǰ½ˡ
½ĳգַͻأĳ֣һ񷣬޾һ磬Ͷ
ױãַ㻻һݣ漴ٻ½ƬأĿֻһطء
ַʵ½Ժˣʲô̫ǿ׵ҵǰҹǵĵͼ漴һ·ǰС
ҹУַЯһȺֲ޳Уɱҹˣʹҹǵ˼Ĵ˵鹹Ĵڣģֻ޷ӴõѣأȺУһء
ַ㣬ҹҲҥ˵ĺˣüΪôܴС
һַ㶼֪ٻҹǣֻƽĿһ·Ŀռ䣬漴ǰ۳ǣһβ֮С
ô֣ۼһȴల£绹ƽֱģǵ棬УܴսҲᷢΣ޶ô㣬ַ㲻ò
ʱͳأַվ棬Χܣַ㣺ӣӻˡ
ȷӣϢͿ͸ˣÿ£ںЩǰ۷徳Ѱɣƾ۷ϯλһսʬҰʬǶѻɽأΪһӣӾ˵Ŀˣ͸ۡ
һ޿˵𺳣ֳɳٶȣδҲ̫Щɡ
Ҫȥ̽ӵʵ
ӣȥ̽ⲻ̫òɣͳ᲻ˡһͷϬţޣĵ
ʲô̫õģӵʵѣֲʲô󲻾飬رŷʵԱߵ޼
á޵˵ͷ漴ֻ¡¡Ŀ촫ַ˳ȥʱΧ޶·˷ܡ
СġţһȭͷȻ䳯ַ˹ȥշ֮
ַ㷴һ˦˳ȥ¡һ죬˲˳ȥ漴׹ڵϣȴ˫۷Ź⣬ӵĿ˷֮⣬ǿ
ӣɳ̫ˡΧ޶סˡ
Ⱥ۵ļһɣҶ͸ǻ̽һʴֻͳ˳ַҾȡ
ͳ졣ַ΢Ц£׼ȥ
ͳɫ£ַ㣬ãһȥɡ
˵գֻſ˫أΪһֲ
ַ˴֮漴𣬿ǣʹȺһӹȻǷͳ쾹ʵ


2296 
չǧף۳֮䣬˲ϢǧƲ㷭ŭ
ͳЯַۡȻȴδ
ӣӦа취ҵ˰ɣͳ쿪˵
Ѿ֪ͨǱȰɡַƽ˵ΪӣδֻǼַ֮²⣬Щˣһı𣬿ˣ֪˭
ʮһ޳ɴַԶֹ˰ʮһֻ࣬аʮһгɣ֮ʱûб¡
ȻһжƲ⣬ʵΣǾֻԼ֪ˡ
Ҳ˵ΪҲǳײβжٸأ
ַȻһݣļˣԷĻѵ˾ֻһô
˵ַ㣬ڶвٵݰɣ˭֪ĵӣƬصأ
ַ㣡ڣȻ˵ˣֻ񷻺Ʈ£Ŀⶢַ㣬зâ˸ľ磿
ַ΢Ц£Щ꾭˶Ϊܿ죬ھ磬͵ʥ֮ɡ
ʥۡɫ΢𺳣ַ㣬гԽ۷սսֱۣ˵ԼսѾѹʥ֮ôÿ죬ûмսɳ֮졣
Ҫַ㿴ڵ
Ŀⶢַ㣬漴ͷãҴȥ
˵գַֻһ̼ʧ
ַ˸ʱǰ֮·ЩϤɵÿʵˣ֮磬ж󣿡
磬Ҳ֪ж󡣡ЦŻӦʹַͫٶʵ磬ȫô
ǵģȻҪȫȻܣ׵ּۣͬǿ̤뵽أҲ꣬ȻҪȥԸȥɾɲԼƽ˵ʹַɫ£׵۵䣬Ѳ˸ϵ
ȻΪǿ߳Ƭģӣи
ĿƣھĿܶˡַ˵˾䣬΢Цŵ˵ͷȷҲھ߶Ϊ߰ϣ߸ϣû˭ܹǵȨ
ַͷĬۣھͥȷϵĴڣϽľ½֪ͥĴڣ˵ֻǵУǶԾͬ˵е񻰰㣬ΪңԶ
Ǹ߸ϣȻԼΪ񻰣֮䣬ûܹǵĴڣ̫һЩڣǾֻǼɵˡ
ֲִĿ֮ʱַ¶һĨȵɫ˷׷ء
ôֻصַ㿴ǰϤľ£ɵ΢ǰȻϴĵطļҡ
߾֪ˡַЦ£漴ٶȻΪˣȫǰȥ
塣ַͬʣһЦ˲ŽֵһļңŮȸԾǰӭӣַ㻹գգۣ΢Цˡ
һַЦ˵ֻŮʵѾͷͷڣ
Ȼ˻ʲôѾͷЦ
ȥȥ˵漴ַ㳯ֵͬһطƿһƾɵķţ漴ַ㿴ڹϵԺһλͷһֱרעĻ
յģַĿ£ԷĻǿյģʲôûУűʯͷϻôܻͼ
ˣַɻĿֻԷЦ࿴һÿλʱͣȵȰɡ
ַתͷȥӵĺΪҪܿ죬ַüͷ΢΢£ƺ֣˻ƺͬеô򵥣˱ʼеĹ⻪뵽ʯͷ棬ۼ޷
ô£ַԼܻῴ֧ʣֻԷϵڿ̻ţѭͬڻ㡣
ʱһܻʱ⣬ʮʱ⣬Զͣ˵ʹַͫ£һʮ꣬޷޷
ڼʱظͬһ飬ûֹ飬ҪεȿµңͨͷƸûκεϢ·˶ö࿴һۣܼʮ겻ʳ
ַĿ⻺ת죬ǡ
ƺַ֪Ҫʲô΢Цŵ˵ͷʹַͫ£ٶȿ֮ʱһâ

ǰͨɵͷһֱظͬһϼһ
ôַ࣬κ鶼Ѿܹƽˣɫָܿ糣ֻ³һ漴˵һԣһ𣬾ô˻
һһʮ죬˵ıʣͣû̧ͷЩʹû̧ͷַһۡ
ˡ˸̧ͷĿ⿴ַ㣬˫۾΢΢漴Цַ㣬ּˡ
ַ΢΢ͷ˵ѾԷߴˣȻҲ˵ʵһζδ
ǳַ㣬סĵͷЦ˴ѰңΪ£
˵ӣӵͳһ֪֮жǿ׼ַ֡ƽ˵ǰվŵĴڣ֡
ɫ΢΢Цŵʲô
ַ㶢³һЩ߸ϵĴڣ̳


2297 һ֧
۾ٶһ۾ͺС˿֮ʱֻоʣһ϶Ƿ϶֮¶Ĺ⻪ȴޱȵ貣·һ㣬̴ܹһޡ
ȤЦ£츳ȻҪڽЩ߸ϵĴ̳ƺΪʱЩɡ
ȷˣ٣ҪɣҲ׼˶꣬һֱڵȴһɡַ㿴ƽκεǿߣܹǳ̹Ȼ
ΪʲôЦ
㹻ʵУһܹˡַ㻺˵
ΪˣɺЦַ˵ͷڲǣǵġ
ַĻĬ£ôַ㣬ַҲܻĺţɫޱȵƽڣ¶һĨЦ⣬ڵҸһ֧ţһλǲô
һ֧ŵΣַʵ
ҵУΪʥԼʥǿߣһ֧ţһ֧ʥ۾šһ֧۾Լ۾ţʥ۾ӵʥǿʮˣ٣ҪˣҸˣСʥ
ָԱߵַ˵˿ַǲ̲סչһϯƺչ¶ɣһţʮλʥԿ½һ֮ˣʮ磬ܹ˾֮һΪ¡
Ȼܴ֮ͥ
ǶһֱڰеԣһӴһչ¶ɣԸɼµˡ
˵Ļлˡַ˵Ц£׼ҵһ֧ȥʲô
ˡֱԣұЩ߸ϵĴ׷ɱҪһ֧ǿַ㿪˵΢΢ͷãҲˣ㻹ʲôҪô
뾭İʮһַٶ˵ʹɫ΢漴ЦҪʮһҸʮһΣߡ
˵գ˽Ųǰ̤ץַļ漴ڵ齻ȥˣɡ
ǡ΢΢ͷ漴㿴ַ̤һӰʧӽ죬ŽֵȺҲջͷˡ
ַ뿪ǰվʯϣ漴ֱӡ䣬ʯ֮ϣ̼ʯΪĩҳȻ棬ɫĹâȻţҫĿޱȣԣΪ貣ֱֻۣȻ͸˹ֱûͼֽУһ֣ɫĹ⻪֯ɽӻ
ܺãһ硣Ŀⱬһ֮⣬ûܹ뵽ͷʯͷϻʯͷ棬ȴҪôǿʵܹЩ
ַ㣬һ𣬾Щδİʮһ
ʱ䣬ͥ粨δƽϢѾַ֪ǰ˾½Ǿ½֮󣬹ҪȥһˣͲܡ
תۼ䣬ʱţַѾ伣׵ûӰ·Ѱҡ
ž֮У壬һͥԺ֮УӳǰվŵģǾĸס
˼˵ϴҷҵˣַ㣬ֻαװһݶ꿴ŻӣĿڵ
ʼûȥ룬˵ѣҲ뵽㡣ӵ˵ͷʱԵĻҲ˵Ϣ͸¶Ӧõ֮Ѫϴ֮ǰУȥַ㣬׼ΪԼȥַ
⻰ɫʱ¶˼ȤɫȻҪԼȥַ㡣
Ǻʵ֮ͥǰѾַϵǳˣһ㣬Сһֱ֪ģ˵һ壬뵽ˣ˺ַ㣬һˣԴַʧ֮ƺҲûɡ˵΢΢ףŻ䣬ַĻǴΣ
俪ڵ
üͷ΢΢£ӣĸ飬Ƿǳ
ʦ壬̸ðɣѾӦ˷ǻģϢַ㻹ǲ֪ģǿԴѹϢŸţˣһܹ֪ͨõַġĿһâǻɱַģһλʥﱻַɱʳޣǽᶨˡ
ĬĻ޹ȷʵѾǴӦ˷ģӦԷôһλȻ᲻ĵġ
ãڵ˵ͷȥɡ
лʦȫ¶һĨϲɫûͬ⣬ǺչԷڷĵλͬһ㣬ǰʥӣǵʦ壬ֻҪͷһУͷˡ
ʦ壬иˡ˶΢΢Ƿ漴뿪ֻǣĿ⿴գ̾ϢһôģԴʵЩʧˡ
ͬʱУַ⻯飬嫵ǿ֮£໥һ
ַ㣬Ƭ𣿡ָ½ڵķλ˵ַ΢΢ͷ½
׼ȥٶʵַ֪ʲôƻƺַڳﱸʲô
ַĬƬ̣漴˵ҵıܻһ½ʥݣһʥݵ飬һؾͥ
˵ַ̧꣬ͷ񷣬ؾ̤ͥƽ죬ҡ߸ϵĴڣ


2298 
ۡ
½ʥݣϵ֮ǣȵĴƬ½֮ϣһǿʢĹʥ壬һ֮˵һϵ֮ǣЩǿʢĹʥ壬ǿҪǽû䣬ֱʧֻܹȻǵһЩµ
ȻЩʥ֮˵ľǸǿƬ½Ͳ࣬Ҫ˵ǸȥҪһʥ嶯Ǽѵġ
ϵĳǳأĴѧԺսѧԺѧԺبѧԺѧԺǿ漴ǹʥ弧ҡҡӮҡļ塢ңԼ˻ʹϷ塢ڤȻǿĴڡ
սѧԺԼѧԺЩޣǿߣ׷׾ۼѧԺ֮УԸѧԺΪӣʹսѧԺԼѧԺǼΪķʢ
ڽ죬սѧԺ⣬λӰһٷ磬һϮ͸Ų֮⣬һˣȴǽȻ෴Դϣᷴ⻪ΪԴûͷһɮˣȻòȴҲѡ
ʱսѧԺ֮⣬в·֮ˣԱͶȥĿ⡣
ÿսѧԺλʦ̫ˣʣλʵΪ˰ɣܸǿŮӶǿ꣬͸һĨĹ⻪ֵʣȷǳˡ
վսѧԺǰˣȻǹĺԼա
аǼôûʱտһǰЩӣյַĴѶֵܣʥսѧԺһۣõ˺ǵͬ⣬̨һŵֵܣֱĺǣȷþ۾ˣˣ໥ϵĸ䣬һе飬ͬʱ½ʥݸ
˵ˣ˽äӦûһ顣ɫºͣһĨܵ΢ЦʣǶһЩŮżǿ
ڴʱսѧԺڲһâ˸ֻӰ½߳һƺƵò硣
̨ˣҪʲô
սѧԺ˭˲ʶ̨̨սѧԺǿˣսѧԺٹ⣬ַ㣬ǳһɣ̨ųӵŵǧδǶΪµĴڡ
ʱֻ߳ŵӷΪ࣬мĵ·˳뻮һ漴·֮ϣһӰѧԺһͷںڵĳɫĳȹҪڵϣͬ㽾ţŵ΢Цǰˡ
ֺտ߳ӰɵһЦ漴ǵж¶˲֮⣬Ѿͷǹɵġ
ӭʦ֡ʦֻսѧԺ˿̣һ𴫳ƬգʹȫĿ⳯˹ͷ̲ס΢΢һʦֺʦ֣
̨ʦֵˣֻһֻؽ֣ʦҲһպС
ǣˣȺͷ̲ס΢΢£֡գַʦ֣ǿһŵӣǣ
Ǻʦ֣ѹ˳ڡղŮ⻪
ôʦΪӭǣɷѿءЦǰʹúֺһʱѾͷҲǸ˲ʡĵ
ַأǼһõ˾һôͲӰ˫ֲĹĵ˵Ŀ⳯źȥַӰ
ȥ˵ɡ΢Цŵһ̨ӣһʱЩ꣬ǫ̂꣬Ȼ˼ǿĹģ㣬ҲԤ֮У̨ǲ𷴶
ą̤́ѧԺУȺʱ۷׷ףѧԺȥҪսѧԺ¹ഫ˵ǵһŵӣţڸ̤սѧԺʱͿʼƵʱսѧԺǿɼţֱüų׵ĴսѧԺЩ¼Ϊţ˲֪
ʱ֮սѧԺ֮⣬һ£Ž굽ˣԣһλϹӣվǣ·һɵвУǿ
ʲôˣа
սѧԺֵ̨ܣʦаˡѧԺа¶һĨЦ⣬漴Ų̤ͽäһ̤ѧԺС
а̨а£Ǭӵޱȿµս̨аôϹӣǽäϹӽֳͣƹ֮ͣҲˡ
̨һӣǵʦֻˣǣһʱ¢˷ֱѧԺΪǵѾҪڷ֮ϣŽǵĨȥ˿˵ȻִӷĨȥһˣûܹǣֻҪ̨ڣǵĴ˵ڡ
һֻ֮һӰһ޴սѧԺ֮⣬һֵǣ̨ˡ
˵󲽳ѧԺȥ·±˲֪˰㡣
һ졢а;ĪϧҲսѧԺѧԺС
һĹսѧԺȻ󲨣Ҳ˵Щ̨ӣа;ĪϧʥݵҲżһڤ壬һǽ壬ǾҲսѧԺ·սѧԺΪžۼأо·ʲôҪ㡣
ΪΣţȫع顣
ǣЩ֮۸ӵĹϵȫ˳汾ĸ汾Զ벻һ
·һУָĳˣǴ漣Ѿ˾ľš
ַ㣬ûлƺͲˣ
һ죬һһŮѧԺ֮⣬սѧԺͣãϵѧԺ϶¶Ц⣬ǵżλ꣬һľͷӰ
£ǵˣʥݣսѧԺľ૵һ;Щ˴½ҪԼֵܣԼɰȺӡ
ЩӣľԶĽͬҲǾµĽգЩս̨ߺľʦ𺳣´
ľҲսѧԺԽӴ
սѧԺ׵ˣɸо·˵ʲô㡣
ƺȱһˣһȱٵˣûе



2299 
ַ㣬
ַ㵱ȻһνֵٻʥսѧԺһۣ⣬ܲȻҲַֻ㣬ֺܹ
ֱֵܷô꣬Ҳžһˣ·ӵߣ·ĿܣַɲΪڵԼܹҪЩ߸ϵĴڳ̳ΣգҪ˵æַѾһˡ
ȺĿⶼ۽ַǷʱһӰսѧԺУϢͨҲƽû˵ע⣬Щȴˣַ֪ѾˣսѧԺУͲε˲
û˻뵽ַĻع飬ƽģûκע⵽
սѧԺŨٲǰһׯ԰̨ܶ棬ռսѧԺõĸأ棬вᱻ˴ţ˿ׯ԰Ув˶ڡ
һַ̣㣬ƿׯ԰ţУׯ԰棬һ䷿еӰ˳ЩˣĿҲ׷׳˹ַ㣬ַ㣬Ҳָ˱òЩϤӰϣ¶˲õЦ⡣
ַ󣬻һ˲֪ʱֵģһλŮӣġ
ˣĿռ䱻һַĿ⻺תվǰһµӰ̨˫ʣʯʺʡ
ʦ𣬵ӣˡʱַ㣬˫ɾû䣬ΨӵֿЦ⡣
ͺãͺáʲסĵͷַ㷢֣ȻΪǿˣȻʣδᣬ·˼ֲɣ֮УĿɨȺڰ˻ľ̨Ϊַҩɹϧһʣ˿̣Ȼ˫죬У޷ˡ
ЩһףĺӰ㣬ĺ󱲣̵ǡ緢ս˻ģ£ǶˣĳˣΪѾ˦ǣΨиˣЩϤӰĵĸˣοҪˣǣ̳ӡ
ľȻҲˣһЦеЦݣҲǼΪĲá
ַֿ˾Īϧа֡աаą̂󺦳ȵһϤӰعͷڵģ𣿡
ѾΪ׼ˡ΢Ц˵漴ȡһַ̳̳㽫֮ӹЦ죬Ⱦơ
ȾƣĪϧǰһַģд󺦳棬Цϧ֪ȥ
ܺõġַЦ漴һʱ̳˷˹ȥȺ׷վӹ̳
ֻ̳꣡󺦳˳ȥֱ͵ĽһУ漴Ű̳Ӿƣʮˣÿ죬Ⱦơ
˵ţԹ˵Ľ͵ĹУң뵱ƻĿʮ굯ָһӼ䣬緢ѩɽ߳ϡǵԼҪȢѩоԼ·˰㣬²飬ʱ̫ˡ
ȾƣĪϧ漴һȭ飬ͷɾˮУҲȻδ
ʹ졣Īϧ³һܾãûôˣЩȻʵϵĽȴûйָо
аǰ֮ˣ΢΢һЦһУȡһ̳ƣֱӿ⣬Уû
ܿ죬ˣʹƣԺӵУʱеľƲϵļ٣ԴԴϵṩ
ʱεĹȥˣô˵·ܹľ̳һأеľƣڱȺ˺ȸɾ󺦳ͷ漴Ц£ƶȹˡ
ܾڡĪϧЦΪ̨ɱ
ĪϧҪаҲ̨ɣΪ̨ɱ˾ľƣ֮׺˸ɾ漴ȫڵϡ
ַ㿴һֻۣǶţľԼʶڵˣɵЦʦƣҰɡ
ҹҡľסĵͷЦ˵·˼̬
ңͺú˯һʲôȥ롣ַЦ£漴һƬݵϣյİԼƮٲЦݣôĸɾ峺죬ʲôȥ룬Ⱦơ˯
˯˶½ȥ֮Űţ۾˯
ٲ֮ˮ֮ԺУͻȻøļžߵľߣߵַߣŮЦ£ֿһѾͷһֱźаǺȾƣҲˡ
һ죬İˣȴеһУһȺսѧԺĽǾô˵Ǳ֪¶۾
ڶ峿Ⱥϣַ漴ȺǣֻоĪϧһʯ֮ϡ
ĪϧôûдСַ㿴žĪϧڵ
Īϧ̧ͷգЦ£ַ㣬˵Ҫ̤۷壬ǵҪ٣
ַɫ΢ͣ漴ʲôˣ
ҺСమ꣬ΪҲҽߣһۣҵΪǿľ룬ԽԽԶȻңȻȴַ·ڿԶҡĪϧ̾Ϣʹַɫ£СǺŮ
ǲңԼҲѹΪûǿʵͿԺһɾ£һ𴳵ĪϧĵҲңأôִ֮۷壬Ȼҵ׷ҵ룬ңûһ޷ˣûзʱֵΣ
ʱ׿һУԼŬ֮·ʵǣһЩžۣʱ㣬ٴңءʱľĵõѡˣΪ㲻ܺһ
ҲɡĪϧ΢Ц£ַû˵ʲôÿˣԼͷգĪϧҲһ
Ⱥ׷ûյ⣬˼ְ
ʦҪʥݣţΪַ̨㿴ľʣڵ
ڣɫ£ʱô
ˣ̨Ѿôǿʵǿ߲٣Կʼˣ⣬һΪ̨ɨһЩϰսѧԺҲ̨һ塣ַ΢Цʺɫ£ַĻһд
ȥѧԺ棬׼һ̨֮£Ժʥݣ̨ˡַЦ£̨Ƭ磬һֱַеִ


2300 ɱ
ʥݣҡӮҵȹʥ峤ʢ˥Ϊַ˲Сķ粨Ȼɴ֮֮ϣܹǵĵλ
ȻĹ֮£ʥڲȴǳŲСѹ˵ӮңһˣŪӮЩȮʱɧţ׷ɱǵӮɡ
ӮɣʵѾ̤۾磬ʵǿᣬȻʥ۾ǰԵûʲô԰ʱ
ȻӮҶҲ׷ɱΣһλʥ۾ȴôɱģˣʼջţԶĴɱӮɣмЩˣӮҶӮɵıϡ
ңͬҲǵķգۼ˭ַĪӼǿʼγ޾ͿʼڲϵļӾ磬ԽԽǿңֱѾһĵزˣǼǿǰȥ֮׷ɱַ㡣
γޣǰûôʱƣÿһʱ䣬עַļұõһЩַϢǽģ˿־壬ֱַ˾һϯλΪĵ֮󣬼ҵģͳ׵ңҲʧȥַϢ޷ٽӴɥʧ˽ӴһʸַֻȻսѧԺĵܴǣ㲻·ڸǼңַ㣬һ
һ죬ڼϽľڣͻȻ˲İˣЩ˲ʥݣ·һҹֵģΪɢ޾ȺУ˲δ˵ע⣬ȻҵȴѾȫǵߵС
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£ʱҵļλĿ⳯˹⣬Ǻˣ輧ң
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̧ͷЩһۣ漴ٵ˸ȥ·¶ԷҲɱڵȻȻ߹Լûȥ׷ȥ
ЩˣôĵȺͷ΢΢£⼸λ˵ʲôʵ£ɱҵͬңһûжԼҵľη֮ġ
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һĻʹȺͫٶˣֻɱ彵䣬صԼλãǳİ·ղ飬ֵһ㡣
⵽ǲǼҵĹϽ֮ˣȺԣЩˣӺô󣬵Ⱥףڣ黹ûнңûϵԷе۾ǿߣһμǿߵͲôˡ
ǵͷԶµϢͷţֻ֮߳УһǿߣϢ죬ǿʢ˼£ңǿ߼彵٣ɱ˹
ֻڶݵ˲䣬Ǳ˸Ȼʱ¿֮أͻأһӰһɿµŰʹЩҵǿ߽ŲȻֹͣһڴˣ
ˣյڵȺ˲Ϳҵǿںδˣȫڵסˣ漴ȺŰУʹȺ಻ͣ
ҽգϣѪӷ϶вϵ£ֱЩ޷ֿʱ򣬼ҵǿߣȻȫʧˣӰ١
һĻʹˣ޲еľҵǿ߻ûüͷǵʵ㱻ĨɱøɸɾͻȻȺһĪĺ⣬Ƿ֣һżȻЩɱģмƻֵģǣɱҵˣ
뵽ֿܣȺͨţȺҪɱʥ壬ҡ
ңһȺµޣǺˣվĻ󣬿ⳡµѪϴ


2301 ˭Ҫ𼧼
ȺӦʱȴͻȻ䷢֣ЩԼӰ֪ʱѾʧӰˡ
ͬʱƬ򣬼ҵأĵļΪᣬÿһ¥УкӰԾļ󣬶ңڶݵһʱڣкüطɱֻΪļ˻֪ѡ
ƬĵļңͬʱӵļԪ˿վڴ֮УǽȺ
һ̣˷缱ǰĲ֮У΢΢Ƿ
ֱ˵ԪĮֱ˵Ŀڣ̧ͷżԪʹǰǾ¥ȥˣȫ䡣
Ԫɫ׵ĳɫޱѿһѾӵĵ۾ǿ߳£ȫûģ񣬼Ԫϣо˿˿⡣
Ѿȥ𣬻ûнԪɫһ
ǰɫһֹ
˵Ԫڵ
һģԵͳһɱǼҶԷĵ̣Щ£ɱĵǼңѾΧˡ˵ͷ˵ʱԪһɿµ䵽˼¡
˵һǿҪԸңԪȻҲ뵽ֿܣǣȥһȥ룬ңʥ꣬ˣҶң
Ҳ˵Ԫ룬ܶˣô롣
˵ͷҲһ룬ǳļǿʵȷʵˣЩ˲鲻ûȥԽԽܼżҵķλ˹Χʵɱ
ˣӹһӰֱ˸˴УƴĿ⿴żԪ˵дڷ
常ԪŵӰſƺЩݣվǿˣǼңƺһΧˣΧ֮ƣѾв䡣
˵ʲôƴɫһõ棬棬ˣ˳û뵽⶯ңѾֵزΧң
ǿߣ˺üλԪͷ˵ƴϵϢױ֪ͨ棬ͬʱ޶ٻؼ֮ˣ׼ӭС
Ԫɫһżƴӣڵ常ôأ
޶ܹڼǿеС磬ֱӽде˾⣬Ҫٻؼ֮ˣȻƴӣԷ˿µˣҪҵ
Ԫ˸Χһʥ壬Ϊں𡣡ƴɫǰδеأֱңǰδеĺƽ١
Ԫǳ鴤£ƴӵ뷨ǺȻ뷨ǣжˣȥô룬ǼʥݻԻô꣬ˣǣ
ȥƴӳԪ˵ͷ˸ȥûйãһʢ˼ǧĳţңͬʱҲ˼統С
ʱһλҵԪϼԼСУһ̣ʢ͸磬𵴶Ȼ貽â˺գɫȻΣ֮꣬ûˡ
ͬһС磬һͷ԰ףѾϵ̧ͷƣ·봹ĺ֮꣬ȻʱһɾϢͻأͬһմң꣬û뵽ʥʧܣҪ֮꣬Ҫҡ
ң
һʱʥݵ壬ûյκεϢΪһб̫ͻȻˣҵ鱨䱸̫ˣǸûн䱸һǿһĳ̶ȣżǿţҪ֮ĵطȥ䱸Ϯ
ˣһбʱԵ˵ͻȻ
ʱ֮Ƭصĺܶˣڿʼᵽ˲ͬѰζΪշתطʱͬʱ˵˼ǿߵ䣬ڵϼ֮˵ʬ壬ûǰʬҵ˺˾ķ֣ʱ򼧼ǿ߱ɱûǰˣֱǲġ
ҵ漶򼧼ңվǣɫһֱţڲǰңһλʥ۾ǿ߳ţɱˣоǹƬصˣоˣԺаˣڣңھԵûԷһȺʲôڣжǿңֻеȴȫڼ嵱УŶԷţǼΪ尾һ飬ʱļңѹֵЩ¡
ڣѹ֮ڼϿյʱ˶оǹɿµԼ·Ҫңһ֮ǡ
˷ҼңһӼ³ŰƮȥƣڣ֪ԼĶ˭
ճĬƬ̣漴һӰڿնֱӲ뼧ҵУ¡һ콫ɳŴһɫڣͫûκαǿ߲˼ң˹ͬʱ֮ˣͬʱ˹޾ļҰ˸λڱϵĴݻ٣ͬʱƽ
˿ǵƽȻޱ𺳣ΪЩ˵ƽҵƬλãҪΪʷȫɷĩǣҪң׵׵ĴʥĨҪҵİͼӴʧ
ͬʱ֮أǿأգƬأ׵ķˣκ˲̤룬Ҳ߳ȥ
ҵЩǿߵȻоˣǵĿ£һ˶ʶǼʲôԷҪüʧ硣
찡Ƿʲôˣһλ۾ļǿ΢΢ţԶȥ·𲻸˸˴Ұġ
ۼļ֮ˣ޲ľǼңʲôµĴôҪ˻֮Σѡ
켧ҵǿػڼҵڳǱУż˵ı飬оһŨŨı·ͻȻһɲԤУһμٵģпǻ
ԷƽٶԽԽ죬ɨǧȫĨżǿ߾ۼڳǱȥ
ڣ˫ĿܿԷʱ򣬰ƽ˶ֹͣǰеĲգɨӰ֮ˣǺηʥҪԸҼңǷҼҿս
ƽһ漴棬ʼڳǱƽɫ£Ŀ⳯ķȥȴֻһֵݡ
󣡡Į˵̼䣬貵Ĺ⻪ҫأҵڳǱһɻԵıŶȻȺŸղķȥɱ
սڳ׵ıߴսʱӮҡҵʥݵĹʥ壬Ÿոյõһޱ𺳵ϢһصżƽҪҶ
Ϣ֮󣬹ʥһЩǿۼһУΧ˹ַ̩ɽӳԼ
֪˭𣿡ӳʵ
֪Ƭռ䱻סˣڳǵսǣ˭ôǿҪɫأӦܹвңҲܹвǡ
˭Ҫ𼧼ң
ǣ𼧼ң


2302 ҵ
ңսȻ𺳵ǣⳡս֮˵Ϊ磬ǿλʣ֮ˣѾʱС統УּսֻǲǶ
֧صǿߣ·Ϊ֧ţһ֧ţڤ֮ì֮£ǵͬʱɱʱ򣬼ҵǿ߻ûǣͿʼϵ䣬ֱַɹսѾһ֧ڤľͬʱʹʱǿµġ
һ֧ţƺ޾ţ죬ûսǶսΪǰţڤ֮ì֮ɱһС
Ҵ£ǵʵ֮ǿӹɣڳǱ󷨣ɵ֯ɵıó֮ǿߣܹͨ󷨵ǿһΣΪֲˣͬٶֵʱ򣬼ҵ˷֣Ǿȫھƣͨ󷨼ӳֹ޷ǵϣǿĹʥ壬о졣
ʥݶԣҵǿ߾ǳǿģǣȽֵ֧ľţңȻھԵơ
ڤ֮ìţǶǰַɹļλħչеĹģǣɹ֮ַ㣬Ƕַǵǿž飬ʥħģЩ۾֮˲ٽɹ֮أ̤½ڤ֮ìдֱ۾ǣнյĹģ
޾ţľӢţܲǿ󣬵ȻӢĴڣʥַ㲢δǣǰ˾ͥΪ⻯Ѿ֪ž׼ｫ֪ǿǲ뿪½׼ͥΪ¶׼ߵ飬Լ㹻ˡ
۾ǿߣڲϵ䣬ַľŵȻҲһȻںеɫƽˮǧӢҪǾԵľӢοҡЩڡ
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ʱַڶˣһ磬һɼʢ֮ͻأѹ
ۡۡۡһӰըѣҵĴֻҪ֣·ĩգ漴峯¿׹䣬漴Ƕսǿֱӻ塣
Ǵɵĵɫ԰ףǳĬĺڶ֣һ֣ǿߡ
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Բıַ֮ͫ΢΢£ǰ֮ˣƿŴԲĵ
ַһ³ԷƮͫȫ֮⣬߶ʱ屻֮ʴǷӽˡ
Ҽңһ֮³̼¡ı֮ϣһǿ屬ѵˣǿЩ¡
ǼҵĵôȻһϹַͫ£漴˶ԷǰһľżӰҲԷ
ǰһȭ·ܹأֱӻľżӰ֮ϣ¡Ŀ촫ľż屬ˣȻȴ˿ûбҡûа
⡭ǰĿһȴڴ˿ַ̣Ӱ٣Բ֮ɱͬʱնһɱ֮һĻɫһΪ£Բǳʥʧܣ壬Ѿ޷ַԲĵͬʱɱһۿ޷
𣡡һ׷Ӱ·һΪһֱն꣬Ȼ룬ֱ
û뵽ҼһǵִУ֣֮Ҽɽ㲻ῴżҸ𣬼츳ҲҪ䡣ȻǿĵߵǿߣֻҪǼ֮ˣ־֮ˣĲ
ڡĿ⿴ˣɫһ׵˭ڲϧԼҲҪɱ
곯ַȥ֮ؽԱַվǣֻо嶼ҪֻоԼһɿ֣漴Ӱ׵ʧַ̧ͷֻһͶӰȫ֮У
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ַֻŲһ̤ʱϢȻȴӡӡȥԷ֮У£ͬԵĹԷںƴҪڴ֮ǰ汳
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յ궸Ȼ࣬ӡ˳֮£ϼգһ̾ϢܸңǺôΪҪҼң
֪𼧼ѾƲɵˣڲϵĴݻǿߣǰûеĺ֮꣬ʢʱڵɽԷɱ񣬶Է̫֮ǿˣ޷ݻٵ
ңˡ
㵽˭Ҳܴˣ߶ַ㣬ĿĮɨһ۸ղźսǿߣŭΪҸоսѧԺˡ
Һǰ˵ǿұգʵ֮롣ַ㵭˵ЩΧеǿ߽ԶͶĿ⣬Ǻۡ
ַֻԴ΢΢̧漴ַͷϣĽժ£漴˦˳ȥ裬¶ſĮס
ôܡ첻ţҲԸţЩɵַδŶ£ַôôǿ
ַ㡣ҵǿȫסˣӰղţַںս
ңַ㣬Сգҵ𣡡ַ³һ˼ĩա


2303 
գҵ𡣡Įųص֮⣬û뵽һ죬ô죬ղźս֮ˣֻԷҲ¶˱Ŀʹüɫ£ȻսѧԺˣ߱档
ĴʥսѧԺ֮⣬ҪѧԺӣ죬ɻǵá߱Į˵һɫ£սѧԺˣַǿƹҪһյĶԹսѧԺЩԣѾʯĮǼôȻԷˡ
Ҽңǵһҡ쿴żˣĿ⿴գǽƬطסΪʥֶвɣֻҪʥӳսѧԺ¾ͱҪˡ
˵ţŭȵɱȥ
£ȻȻֻ˿̣ϿգľżӰٶȳ֣һȭż˹ȥճֿµ֮߱һֱϿգַ㣬֮ӡٶȳӹȥԲ֮Ƭض׵ĺԶҪ
ַϿգ˻ǼҵﻯΪһ۵ӰЯַ˹·Ҫ
ѵ˴޺βȥַĮ˵漴ӿһɿµ֮һصǿµ·Ҫ⣬ַ뵽ڵУ屻ǹɱ𹥻ҡţַ˼ѪȴʼǱģԷ׵̵ʹüҵǿ߾
ӹԲ֮֮ǿ߾£߳һλ۾ѹַ㣬ǿ̬ǵǰ˭н֮
һգĩգļңǿţ̣һʱ䡣
ʥݵƬտķ֮أʱкܶվչʥ弧ҵ֮ϣû˸ʵĴֺĽûһ˿ʢһʱĹʥ弧ңһҹ֮䱻˴ƬĨȥˣʷĳ
ֱġʱ֮ϣһ֮˺ݺݵĺһھƣϰϰǰһС
ʲôܹһʥΪʷ
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һ죬ʥݵʥ߲ǿƬ棬о⣬һɿһʥʥݣⲻòǾ裬һ֣ǣҲҪΪң
뵽⣬ʥ徹оһеѹǡ
һ죬սѧԺɽУλһ壬ͬһ֡
ңˡֻ˿̣һλ潫£ƽ˵ƽƺһĨԲĲ
߱ϼһˣ˵ңһλڣˣַɱġһλ濪ڣһΣ˵ѾԵĲ
һ̶̶ʮʱ⣬ɱʥǣսѧԺ𡣡
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ʱֻһ˽еվ漴͵תȥȥ߱졣
Ŀ΢΢£漴վǣӦȱˣսѧԺԸһδġ
˵⣬Ҳվ뿪
ܿ죬ֻʣλ棬Լһλ棬˵ĹϵΪ
죬̵䣬ңַƺйһЩڡ濪˵ʹɫ£ȷˣĬţȴԷڡ
ò״ͷ̽ڷ磬ⳡƽ֮׼һ飬רΪַȻЩࡣԣѣԼú룬Σˣ߱һѾץַ㣬ǵ
ٶȿڣ漴̾ϢһҲͬվԶȥϸҲʲô顣
˵仰ʧˣֻһˣ֣Щ
ұŵನ⼸ڳͣԵĹʥ嶼ǿ˽䱸ͬʱɳǱڵȥ̽ǹۼ֮أȻʥݵУǿֱӳ飬ЩʥҲ˵
ֱһҹļңۼ˱ϴζԸ֮ʱǿһһΣ˺ܶսѧԺǿߣüλ漶
ݿ̬ɨļңܿ죬ͼҽǳļҼҪ̩ɽһҵŭվм䣬ȺΧ˶ǿߣġ
Ϊʲôʲôˣ̩ɽԡѪ˻ֻǰһ˳ɴΪ׵һȺ֮ͻȻסˣĬ֮󣬺ȻЦ⣬û뵽û뵽ļиþɡ
һпֲϢǰȥܿ죬̩ɽʧƬռ䣬ļ֮󣬷ļҵȺǰսЩɱֱ֮˸뿪ûκεֱͣӮڵķλҪɨҶ̬ɨյĴʥ塣

ʥݣԣְ汾ĴУʥԶΣȻһ죬ЩصĶ鿪ʼʥݣʹЩʥ΢һЩûл
ǼҸ漴һҹ֮䣬ʥⳡź缸֮ңʥ壬ǧ꣬ʥݴûз˴¼
֮Уŷһ˵ǣܿսѧԺĻţΪⱻŵĴֱǼҡҡӮҡļңǣڶǰĴʥսѧԺƹѹսѧԺ£ΪսѧԺһ۵㡣
Ȼһ죬ʥĳأһƾո֣εضΡ׳ۣ˵Ŀ⡣
Ĵʥ屻ֱĨͬʱȴͻȻһò˸棬ֱϢεضĹ̨ʽַʥݡ
ʥݣսѧԺе̨Ҫдʽɣ


2304 ЯŶ
̨ɣ
һϢ̼ʥȻ󲨣ϾҵĴʥ壬ͻȻ䱻ֱĮ̃ȻһУò˸棬Уʲôϵ
ܹ֮ɽǽ䲻ȻսѧԺĺԼ̨սѧԺӰҪڶʱڴһŻûκģ̨սѧԺĵӾмǧ֮ڣңи·궼Ҫ̨ΪһԱ
죬ֻ죬һ嫵ŴɣУгɽ룬коٲɭֲľȻҲȱٲĹһţͬһСĹȣ֮УֻС磬ֻҪ̨Ը⽫ԼС̨
һ죬̨ʢ䣬ǰǰףأǰֵģ֮սѧԺ̨ʥݵĿ⡣
˿̣ǰʮһ֮ϣʯʺվǣ˲Ʈǵϣ˵Цݡ
۱Ѫ̨ΪСļգǸ˳ʹĴۣգ̨ûҵô꣬Ǹоһΰ㣬̫࣬ζû뵽̨һ죬ܹʥݣСĴ˵֮ء
ʯʺʵ֮ϣһλλ̨վǣԶʷǷǵһŵȺһ̨״ӣУѾǵ۾ʵǿʢսѧԺĵԳݵĿעš
ˣյУ쫷ХֻյУʹ̧ͷȥɫɵ΢΢һ
ֻ֮ϣһӰ̧ž޶һÿһŶ·ǧС
սѧԺǿߣǵ۾ɫ£ͷ
սͻȻ䣬һλѧԺǿͫһµķ֮⡣
ȷսѧԺǿͬɫţս֡
սսѧԺһʮһսսѧԺսѧԺУӣսѧԺԪһϿɣɱһսսȷԼҪϵҫӹսѧԺûмܹõҫսѧԺǶ޷⡣
˵ź֪ս£ʱȥʹͷô£ս˷Ƿ֮壬սѧԺΪ̨֮ʱս
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в²ţʲôʱ̨սѧԺҪĵλ
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λˡľ¿ڵսѧԺмһ棬û뵽Ƕˡ
ѧԺԼʥݵǿ޲ľ⵽ôˣսѧԺ˴أ̨˷
ùЩϼһǼɡ߱΢Ц˵漴˵һԣľԼĿ⿴ˣ漴̨ſʥݡ
̨ʽʥݡľʿڣƮķǵΪ̨ӣǣ̨֮ϯλȴĪΪ̨Ĵʼߣַ˵ʦˣ顣
ַ㣬Ҳ̨ӵУһۣڣû¶档
Ȼ˵ôˣ½粼ߵĿԺСȻҪʥݴô죬ȻͲܳ⣬֪ƻļƻһаɣʥֵ̨ܾۣģҲˣ֪Ҳˡ
Ե޹Ǩų̆ߵвǾһ߶ûˣַڵǿϵĵز
Ϊ˰ӦԼȣ˵ЩҲûܹ˵ʲô
λ໥һۣ漴ֻ߱ǰһڵսѧԺղΪضͬΪսѧԺӣ䡣
䣿Ⱥɫ£ַ츳ӹӵзʸ񣬵ǣȴδսѧԺΪ죿
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Ȼ⡣˶ҡͷЦ£ҲˣսѧԺΪַ㲹
Ǻá߱΢Ц£ԶһȺӰյУͻأĳһޱ߾޴ĵڵ󣬸ȺǣǴսѧԺĵӡ
ʣ߱ľʵ
λðɡľָλãַ֮Ϊ̨֮ţΪΪʣȻϵ̨֮
Ǻá߱Ц£漴˻֣ʱսѧԺַ̧֮޵ǰ֮ϣ£ߴ׵ľ޵ǣ·Ǳ㡣
ַ̨ӵпЦû뵽սѧԺôһ㣬Ȼ治֪
շ䣬ûڣֻսŶϣΪַ߱ٶ˵ʱʮλǿ߳ǰŶڵ֮ǰ֮ƣսŶ·ַ㣬Ϊս
սѧԺշַ㣬
߱£Ⱥ޲ͷ𵴣ɹȻսѧԺ֮ƺţΪ
ѧԺѧԺѧԺǿҲ޲ɫɫÿЦôĿֱĿһС
̫ˡˣֱӿ߳һֱսѧԺŪ˴̣սŶԭΪ˴˿̣
ǣѵַȡһϯλͿɷ֮


2305 ѹ
ķţ̫У½޾˭ҳ
սѧԺ̫ſĿһС
ַ㣬ͬû뵽սѧԺҷȻսѧԺôˣҲΨƽһЦǳƺŶѣЩȻúܵˣңĿ꣬Ҳ½Ҫͥڣվھ۷塣
ַҲΪ⣬սѧԺѧԺ͹ʥЩˬĳһУַ㶼ᣬ̬ˣЩѾȥĿȥӡ
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йϵ𣿡߱Ŀתˣڵ̨λ۶ǿף⣬飬ѧԺǷ̫ܵˣˬĻˡ
ѧԺǿɫȻ£ɫͻأѿսѧԺѧԺͬΪʥĴѧԺԷΪ̨˵ν棬ѿ
һսѧԺҪʲôȻ޹أֻʥ֮Цַ㲻ڣǲսսѧԺڼҲҪΪǸеɣƺţѧԺǿԣ˵
ѧԺ֮˵ĻʹսѧԺĿⶼâ˸߱俪ڣ̨սѧԺΪˣ֮ʣų̂սѧԺ˭ɱ⡣
ɱ֮ȻǿƵսѧԺ˶סˣѧԺսѧԺ˵İԵԣɱ⡣
ȻѧԺǿ߱죬ЩսѧԺ漶Ķ֣Էǰλۡ
Է죬߱Ŀ΢΢ת漴ˣͬʱ彵䣬̨ӵǰλ漶һſ
ַ㣬սѧԺգΪʱ߱濴ǰ΢Ц˵̼䣬ɫٶȲ¡
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ǺαءַЦ˵
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ַ㡣ʱ˿ںַĿת漴棬ֻԷǰһڵۻ軨û֮ܿ츳ʵйʲôΪ˵ǸտܷҲο
սѧԺ棬ŵǸ
ѧԺӣ޲ɫַ̣Ӱô
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ˣҪѹһѹսѧԺ棬ȻɻǱֱӴַ㣬Ͼַ㣬ӣ˵ַܿ㡣
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ѧԺĵ̿Ǳȹʥ֪ܶ࣬ѧԺܷȳĴʥ屻һЩаЩʥ壬ֵÿ־棬ѧԺͬѹսѧԺ档
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ôĪǽ³̨ҪԼķһһĿɨ¿գ̨׿ɸ֮
ظһ䣿ڴ˿̣һĺȻ䴫ʹɫ΢ͣĿת漴㿴ַӰڿգ˵Ŀ⣬Ȼ䶼ۼַϣһϯλ֮ˣܾãûгʥǿߵ֮ˡ


2306 
ַʥ֮Уս˴ǿߣַͬɱż䣻ַھȡһϸ΢½ֻЩַ̫Ĺ⻷Ҳʥֳ
ַΪӣټϿµ츳λͬһ㣬ҲѹսѧԺ˴ǣַ츳׿ϾŶʮʱⲻ츳Ҳֻ̤֮磬οʥǿ߿ɲַܡ
˿ַ̣ڿգĿʥǿ³в֮
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ߡһַ㣬ظһΣ̨ˣĪҪԼķַ츳δʮڣûʸվǰ
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֮Բһ֮䣬ؽ
ˣַÿһ˶оͬǿµɥӰ쳹ԺУȻʥֲ־·ҪƼգǹ
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ַվգǿһȴǿĹ֮һشΨףһУվǣס
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ѧԺĴʥ̫ãһЩҲͬЩʥһպˡַƽʹպιЩѧԺǿߵϣַ仰ʲô˼
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ţبѧԺǿߣҲ¿նȥ
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ַȻĻصսѧԺУɽ֮УһϥɽУ׳ȹڷڼͷһ˵УƮȻһ⡣
ʱĿ⻺˫˳ǰӰ


2307 Žɽ
ѩַ㣬ƺмʶ֮УȻȴּǲַ߱ڲԶַ㴫Ϊ˲ҲὫȥļѾȴԺУļԽԽˣƺƿ˹أÿ֪ԼʱҪʧȥ䣬صС
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ûַĻֱӵͷЦҹŽ׼³ɽͥ
ַͥɫ£ŶԷŽôãѵѾôǿ
йϵ𣿡ַЩʵŽôǱޣ׳Ҫس׶ԷΪλҵŽĹϵʵǷ۾ͥޣұ׷ɱŽûκκô
ҹŽҪǱһͥУˣһ̤ͥվȽŸóݣҹŽ֮˵ݳ֣ò΢Ц˵ʱַɫ£Է֮ԣ⶯ŽԸΣ׻һŽǿߵݳ֣ܱܿܶ飬ǹŽδǰ۳һʲôǺϺġ
ԹŽ岢ûʲôôַЩɻ󣬲֪ŽΪô
赲аƾϵģλʣǹַϣ飬ŽԸ⽫ϣѹϣܹҹŽھ֮ͥϡ
Ц˵ʹַɫ΢£Ž֪ܿҪ֪飬˭ǽɡ
ĬƬַ̣Ŀ⿴ŶԷ漴ЦãȻŽԸ⣬ַܾܾ
ҺڴŽǿЦ
ʶһЦĬ˿̵ַ㻹֪Ž壬Ϊṩһ֧ǿ
ַѾʥ¶棬ע޷ûֵܺǾ̫ã⣬ÿһۣ·Ϊ𣬷·Ϊһ֮ʱĿҲʱһĨŵЦݣܵڼͼ֮ϣõĿ̺ۡ
ԶϽľͥȻַ֪ʥ͵¼ַ֪ҲѾ뿪ʥݡ
ʱľ֮ͥϣžзһЩ˲СĹעͷ黹ڷͣž˶֪Ǵɱַʧ¼ĺÿһķ춼ܹܾãһַķ粨ںܳһʱ䶼޷ƽϢȥġ
Ϊַ㣬ȴң˻һλʥ䡣
⣬žһΪ֣˺ܶ˵Ŀ⣬嫵žͻȻ½һǳǿ󣬷·һ֧ΪǿľӢţսžȡԴ޼ɵ˴Ƭһ̳漴פ·ҪһƬµ㣬Ϊûдʥ棬Ҳû̫ǿȥᡣ
Ҳһ죬ͥһ飬˲СĹעħһλǳǿɱˣ飬Ŀ⣬Ϊħ۾ǿھͥŲСȻ죬һھͥûκɱ
˸еȤǣˣȻħħħȴɱһħ˭ħ
Ϣ˵ûʲôŲʮ꣬Ǵӳ֮ʱ㿪ʼУʮʱѾ֮һ磬;ڤʢΪڤǧѳһλľţڤӣϱ⻷
ڣ̤˾֮ͥУͥǿ档
֣ħ


2308 ħս̨
ħһλﱻħɱȻưոݣȻħͬɱֵģħȴҲֱӳǿշѹϾħڤĵӡ
ħȴȥڽգħһλ˲˾ۻᣬȻҲԼħȺȻʲô˼һ죬ܶ˶ϸԼ֮أħųǵħս̨ԣħĴʼħ񣬱ս̨սȾѪٳһ춯صħ֮·ʬǺ죬ѪȾ档
ħս̨֮ϣΧ˷ģÿһ֮ϣһħףȾѪ֮ۼħս̨
գս̨֮أӿǿУò֣඼һʱǿߣսǿʢ£ʵ
ѩ͵濣ѩ˱ѩһַǿѩһսУѩַܣɼʵжǿһ˵Ŀһѩ׳֮ˣȻѩѩ磬ԻмˣԼ۽ãԼ⼸λѩǿߡ
۽֡֡˿ֻ̣ӰȻǻǿߣԼӡ
֣ǲæŻӵĻԼôпħųǡ۽΢ЦӭԷ˵
һжѾ׼ҲһʱħԼ˲ˣôܴս΢Ц˵ħǽҪԼսħ֮ˣħǿǲֵģЩһѾʢȻ֪Щʲô飬ϲעһ£ȥֵ֣úܴ󣬻˵ַ֡
Ѿˡʱ򣬵۽ĿԶֻӰȻħǿ߳߹ˣħҲħȺ֮С
˵Ŀħǿߣ漴ɨһħս̨Χˣ˲һвǿ߼٣ħɱħǿ߹Ȼ˲СĹע
֡˿ֻ̣һ˸Ӱߣ˷·޵ӰӣյУǽɫģΪ財
ǿߡ˿Էһճۣɵɫ΢΢¡
ڴ˿̣һŲĴЦ֮ԶƮȺͷЦΪĿҰʮ㣬пµ̺֮УʹȺ궼΢Щ
ȺɫһĿ⳯ԶȥֻǷмӰÿһ˶ʷǷºƶſҰ֮ϢΪ׵һ͸Ż֮⣬ͷǻɫģΪ񱩣ԱһˣĿкѪ˸ϮˣһΪƽϴһɫϢ񱩣˫ȴ˷ڴˡ
ңĿ΢΢£Ŀⶢͷɫ̲ͫס΢΢£㾹Ȼܵͥħųˡ
ôӲҶŻ䣬³һ³ʹɫһͣⰽҿ²ƽˣֱӶŻԳӣƣ޲룬һ۷Ⱥһû˲֪̫硣
̫ˣĿⶢǵӰ̫翪ٳһ磬̫ŵܴ壬ޱǿΨһܹþͥɵһ棬ΪһЩǿ壬ǼΪɵģ壬֮һ
츳׿ޣ磬Ǹֱӣ츳мΪҪӰãЩͳߣǳ塣
ô嶼ôˣħųǡĿΪɫǿ߶ļλǿߣ˸ͷżΪ֮⣬ǳǿʢ¡
ЩڶжʵЦŵһʱͺЩΣȻϵһЩվ˶ʵкܶäĿ֪̫֮䣬һЩۻ߽Ȼ䱾ʣ̽໥ʵˡ
ЩǺٶ⹫ģȺֻ֪Щ֪ûа취ӴΪûеǲΡ
һѪһħǿ߽ɫ˸µĹ⻪ŰԵӰ˵
֮Ȼٶ˿СӰ˺ȥӡɨǿĮ˵ԸԵüΪԵꡣ
ߣôǿһȺȴ˰ӰѪħⶼбȽϸߵѪ塣
в¾֪ˡ˵
ԾԡǿĿֺãս̼ɿµŶԷ˹ȥһʱԣħûħħսûʼ̫嵹Ҫˡ
ʱԶһӰ˸Ϊ֮ϴһϮۣ磬òңкЩλǿ֣߳ӶʷǷеļӰϻ
Ϊ֮ˣȻַ㣬һ彵ڵأƽĿǰһУַĿ⣬ɨλǿߡ
ôЩ꣬СһҲɳˡַǹһĨЦ⣬ȴû˷
ˣԶͻأпӹȺ̧ͷ漴㿴һӰХӰ˵ͫ΢΢£ϣͬһħ㣬ݣǷ͸Ÿ֮ɫͫ׷·޵׶㡣
ħħǿĿͬʱӰȥӰȻħ
ֻ̤ħֱվǸħ֮ϣ˫֣ڵͫ׳ħļɨӶȥĮ˵ħ˭Ҫ
ȺħĻͫøϴεսֻ˵һħǸоԷǲһʣһǳµ˵ʮѾڤ˼ߵڤ˲ڤǳĵĵ
ħʵҲǷǳ£Ϊڣ֪ʵǿȺаڴ˴ξۻûʧǿߺöࡣ
ǿۣҪħս̨Կɣħڤ֮ɷں档ʱ΢Ц˵ĿǿԼң֪°ʲôʵˡ
ûѵôǿ߻һãҲ뿴һﵽʲôأ綼ħս̨߰ɡʱһֻһ̤ħս̨֮ϣ˻ԡ貴⻪ºɻƽɣŽǿߡ
ҪдĻɣħĮ˵վħ֮ϣ衣


2309 ·ǿ
Ŀ⿴ħϵħڤŵӣȷǷ
ħս̨ǿڶ࣬ҪдĻȷڴֻˣ˲٣һЩʥҲ
䣬뿴ĻԼҲȥԣһֱˣ̵ʵ䣬һҺ졣һɨ䣬˵ǻǻĵӣͬԣ˰Ҹ뿴ǿĻ
ǾһȥɣǸʹһЩЦ˵漴ֱ˺ħս̨һлƣ嶼ԣҲħս̨ƺҲҪһţͽǿһ
飬ߡҽŲ̤ħս̨һǻӺླ磬ˡ
΢΢ͷַ֮ʱħ֮ʱɹ֮أʱѾ۷ʣôȥ֮磬Ҿȹ̡սǿᣬңΪһ֮Ѫ壬ӵǿʢ츳
û˭Ҫһģˣսɱλɻ䣬ʹսһֻһߣǿ̤ħս̨
۽һĻЦ£Ҳȥ棿
ѩ£һѩ֮УҰַУܵ˲СĴͬʱѩѩһѣֻʣһˣǳңȷҪһսˡ
΢΢˵ͷѩ͵۽һħս̨һʱħս̨֮ǿơ
Ҳմ֡˸ͬħս̨ħǿߣͬħһַһھ֮ʱҪɱַ㣬ʱ۷ΪѾͻһ۾磬Ȼ۵ʱ䲻ȻΪΪӣսɷǳµġ
ַԣӰ΢ƺԾԾ֮⣬ַ㿴˼һۣЦ˵
ַߵһȺһຣ֮ǣЩس۾ǵսӹɣǳЩҪһԼսЩΡ
ʱħս̨֮ϣѾǿ߿ʼײײ֮˾ǰͻӣͬʱŶԷȥֻһɲǼײֲѪԼ·Ҫս̨ȼû
ȫǿµѪɫ⻪Էϣ·ҪöԷѪҺѣͬʱһõѪצȻ䳯ŶԷȥһջﵣÿһδɱնֿµĻѪס漴
ɱһŭ𣬰һȭХ죬ѪŶԷ˹ȥɫ£еĻﵶȻʧ漴ֻſһ£ʱֱӽضƴ£ָƿ»â
𣡡֮Ϸ·޾ƿЯѪ⳯ŶԷɱ˹ȥֻоԼѪڷĶĽŲ̩ɽָŵĻ֮·Ҫħս̴̨
һֲѪɫɶȺͿ˻ӵ壬׵ıûˣȻ˿ѪĻӣһָȻ䳯ǰʱ֮ƴ͸һУѪ漴̼ȼʧڿУֻʣһµѪɫצָ˹ȥ
˵ĹײһѪʴϣ˲佫ȼŻӵָ·͸˰µ㣬˵ͬʱˣȵס֮ʱԶϢȭͷϳѪϷ·ŻȼգڶݣȾѪղŷ·Ҫĸо
ּ𣬷ܹԼһ㱬ǿƲƵȻ̺Ĺ֮ǿֻжԾ˫ַаʥһͷɱĵ۾̫ĶջʥԶЩ
䣬ԡֻ˿̰̤ս̨𵴣΢£Ȼڴʱһƺʴأ·Ҫս̨⣬ѩ˳֮˵ƣȸղŰԼӸǿ̫ࡣ
ѩѩʶ̫ǿߡѩƽ˵ѩöǣ
Ҳ뿴ѩսĮ³һ⣬˳ŶԷȥһ춯شսħս̨ƶҪԼû˴ս̨ս֮ϣȺֻһȺԼѩ¿׹䣬ޱߣ˷ɢ֮ʱҺѩˣ൱
ѩΪѩ壬Ϊ̫ʵ޼ܿ¡
Ϊѩսǿ˭ҪԵģǰһսһ¿֮أ˵
ˣ貵Ľɫ⻪ҫǿ˲Ϣգ˰ǰһۣʱҷ·֮УĿһ㶣ŭһջ飬ȻֻԷӰʵ飬ǰУһεĽɱĳŰҶȥ
ʣ˭սģʹ˹ڣֻ˿ַ̣ԣ϶̤֮˳ȥħս̨֮ϣҲѾ̤֮磬ǳۡ
һħ죬Ȼ϶̤ȥÿһħѹ϶ϣʹ϶۾гһ϶ֱ³һҺȷ˱ǣһħӡҺȫݻٵ
϶ֱӻ壬ŶԷ˹ȥҺ³ûƬգܹоǹȷ磬ζŨŻ嶼
ʲôĶȺа漴ַԣһӰȫս̨ȥڣ˭Ըһս
һ۷ﳯຣ֮˹ȥǶΪĶ֣ұԼģսʤҲû壬Щʵ˶ԡ
кüλǿ߳ս̨ｻ档
Щ˶ǿս޻ˣĿ΢£ǣ˺İӦúƬ֣Ҳ֮ˣ̫ҲʶǣôȺͻȻðʲôģ
˵Ŀַ⳯ȥһϯۣɢǣһ˵ʣ·ܹܵ˿»Ǹµ㣬һ˲ôǿ㲻ںŵдƣˣһİǿߣôǿ
Զ˿ӰƮӿǱߵӰɫ£ô
ˣȻǾԼҲⳡսˡ
ַĿ⳯Ǳȥ;֮ɫƽû̫ĲƺѾ֪˻㡣
ħΪλᣬȻҪúһô֪ǵĴڣ뵽⣬ַԼķȥ󣬲ǿţպգһʱ·ǿ߶磡


2310 ʶ̧
ַԼǰˣдһĨº͵Ц⣬λСʷǷ֪γƺ
ַ㣬͸һĨ⣬Щǧ֮⣬İ֮ˣƺˡ
ҽأγƺȴķ֣ӹַʻЦŻӦʹþѾͷôתˣѵǹԼ˿ģ
а񡣡ַ΢Ц£ʹɫ£ôĿԳΪа
СȤһսַЦºͣڵ
΢΢ͷַվһ飬þסˣԣ֪ǰ֮˾ַ㣬Ȼȴַ֪ǿһڣһӴʶ
ѾͷʲôءΣȻԸôҲӡ
ӡ˿̣ħս̨֮ϣ俴ԵĻӣ¶һĨȤɫڻ˵УӦѾǻˣȻ˿̣ﾹͻȻֵһһ𣬶ʷǷѰˣ
ӽŲ̤˹΢ЦʦͷѾ׵ʦֵĻ£Ͳͷˡ
СлԼַ㿴ƺܲ졣
ûС΢΢ҡͷʹûɫ£ԼӦ飬ܹԼڲˡ
ֻǴӦ˻ῼ֮£ûдӦ˭Ҳû˵ʱ䣬㻹æԼ°ɡʹûɫΪá
ҪƾȢףַ㿴Żӣ΢Ц˵
֮£ֲ졣Į˵
ַԣһǿ϶Ȼſֲ˻ڻӵϣʹûɫ䣬屬ˣȻ䳯ǰѹȹȥӲͣˣȻһֶ̣ԷѾصԭأƽվǣ·ʲô鶼ûз㡣
һĻʹûɫȻøѿǳƺ衣
һǿȻǻǿǵϣǿϢַȥվǰĮ˵λǺηʥ񣿡
ַ㿴ŶԷɫƽŽ壬а񡣡
Ž壡΢΢ʧĹŽ壬ˡ
ڶǰŽ屾ֹһλŽױȵĻԻͣҪȡһλãͬԻͣڵʱҲΪǹŽĻƽʱ˵һ֮£֪Žˣ֪Ӵ֮󣬹ŽѣǿԣԪˣįƽӹֹ˺ܶŽûǻƽʱĳ̶ȡ
ֱŽ忪ʼ䣬ʧھ֮УӴûټʼ˻ǵǣȻʱĹȥŽҲͳΪʷıǴӾʧĹŽ壬Ȼ³ˡ
ԭʧĹŽ壬鲼伣Ҳ˳ƿϧڳˡ俴ַ㣬ƽĵʦܲδ˵С㣬ȷӦһĻԼ£Ž壬ǲҪĺá
С㣬Ϊ棿ַʵ
ȻǼ١Ӧʹַ΢΢ͷһЩӬǷ˵ĺܣлС㡣
˵գַ뿪ߣʹûĿ£һţȫûиӣյĹŽ壬ĪѾ㹻ǿʱ
Ⱥ֪Žûʧʱ߶ֻһֱڻҪô
ȵȣʱַˣĮ³һŽȴ֮⣬ֱ
ַͻͬʱתֻЦַ㣬ղţ˵˭ǲӬ
ַĿⶢַ㣬ǹһĨаЦݣ
ֻǣŽس磬ЩǲҪ˵ĺã򣬲Ҫ겻ټԣΪӬ֣Ǹ溬Ц⣬ֻһӰ˸̼䣬ڻܣ˲ٻǿһϻ£·Ҫַ˷ɱ
Ǹַ¶һĨЦ⣺˵أ
ұҪʧôĹŽ壬ǷЩˡƽʹ˫ʱֽŵգĿⶼû뵽ײδߣĹŽˣò˵һȤ顣
⡣ַЦ£Цݲã̼䣬̣򵥵֣Ѿ˽ս
ȵĿȼգƬշ·ҪӺ˷׷˱ܿ⽫һȺս͹ŽĽ֮ս
ĹŽ壬ԳаĴ£һսҪ֣
䣡һɿֲϢ׵ı˳ǿַȥͬʱַԵǿͬ˳ȥ˫̼䷢ײ潫ɵȺսನӿ£˲ϯա
ַԵȷйŽǿڣǷǳĹŽǿߣ죬ûգܹµĻ涼ǶеĽ֮Уܿʵ뿪ͬʱԼҲû·ӵм֮սΪ񱩿¡
ֻлַûжǶŶԷɫƽʱֻ俪ڵǲÿǲںֶԵеģȫԸá
ַĻ£ʱ˼ս֣ʹȺһȻһҪԶ٣˵˵Ĺûʣջˣַࡣ
໡ڣĳλһǿ˵Χ֮شҽһͬʱǹ˿棬ݺݵĳĴŶԷҪԷȫͷ
θҪȻһȴоһϢεĽסˣĿⲻɵ΢΢һַ㡣
䣡һλǿ⵽ش³ѪɫҰֽ
㱰ɡĮ
ߣɲ۸ǹŽ壬Ҳ֮ˣȫӭսǡַĮ˵Ųٶת̤ȥʹλһԣ۸Ž壿
ƺ˿ǹŽ۸ɣⳡսȷɻֵģַһֱǿǿȫԸŻԶսûпѱ磬˵У͸øһȣŽȫԸҲûֻǣɽĹŽ壬ʵƺЩǿ
ߣһȻ̤ռã֮·۳һգĽŲһ̤Ȼ䳯ַȥֲӡȻɱŭߣ
ַȻתͫ׶Ȼޱȣͬһ˳ȥʵ޻һӡȴ·̺ΰʹûֻоһ̶ͬʱޱߣҪѹ޷Ϣ
һַͫ׻аͬεĹ㳯ű˵Ļ˳ȥһɲǼ˼ٵӡɽضΧ֮ȫ籩ĹĻڻϣʹŵⶼûơ
¡һݺݵ˻ϣѪ⣬ַ㶯ͣĿɨջˣ䵭˵ʶ̧٣


2311 
ַվǣĮĻصգȺɫ΢΢˲һǿʵ׻˻䣬ǿշѹղŻİҶս÷ǳңȴ˲һ
𾪵ǣַվĿӶԷĮ³һʶ̧٣˭֮ˣ
ŽǿߣĪѾǿʢһĵزô
ħħħԼȴû뵽ôǿ̫ǿߣв񣬹Ž£һΣ˵ǿƣշѹνǺݺݵ˦˻ǿߵ棬ϾҲǼʢȴǿշѹˡ
ĪҪ̫źáַ㵭˵һʹûȻǿɫһһף̫˭۸˭أ
ȺҲһȻһﻹ˵ĳڰ
ַͷҲأŹŽǿֱ뿪ûЩս̨ϵǿҲ˸ֱӳսַ̨ȥһƺƵʱӰȻȥʱȴǸ˴˲СټŽڣУǷʲôرĺأ
ô꣬Žس£ΪͥǵĻع飬Ҫ𺳵ķʽ棬ǽյģ¶ǾԵľӢ˵ѹȥǿվȻһصʯŽڽˡ
òңŽˣչŽ¾Ϊֳġ
˴˿ο漴ֿ;һۣдŻͷҪӵʦ;ĸʦֵܣҪӭȢ֮Ƽ˻һλٶȺͷϼףУ;Ů˶ǻˣղǹŽаӺôǰȥɧţ̣߰һĻνԼײ˹ŽС
аʵÿֲȻ׻ܻ䣡Ŀ⿴뿪ַ㣬аԣҲ΢΢ͷ
ȥԼȥصҡʱԵİħ˳ȥʹͫ£ҸǺħȥδ
ʱҪðħʲô飬Сһɲܳ¡
ģҲ£ԼȥħһʹðҺͰͫ£漴ֻ˵Сһʵ£ʲô顣
ֻǹŽԳа֮аŵĺܣʵȺ£䶼Ĭ¶ǿµĿⶢԶڵ
ħȻȥȻĵŽаȻڸĶ̫塣ο˵΢΢˵ͷҲû׷ȥֻĿߵս
սЪħվ֮ϣħĮĵ𣿡
սħ³һ֣ʱ֮䣬ս޶ħڿգ쳹أΪ¡
ħĳվǸֲֶս޶֮ħһɱħս̨Χ֮ȫоѪڷҲһҡħܿ£·صӣħÿһ̤ħĶ·޶˺棬ɽХѰ㣬ȺֻоԼ굱УʱܱûǹɺħΪǿʢ¡
һɹɵ˳ƷĴħϣħƽվǿŶԷħħ̶ϴ޵ħħ󷨣ӵǿܱƶҡȻǿ󣬵ѪҲǿ¡
ħ֮ħʱħǿ𺳣ȥʮУȥڤħ̶̵ļʮڤǻŵĴ档
ˣħŲ̤ͬ˳ȥħͬһħͷ㣬ħԼƣ¡
ħħҲóħȺͫǹ߰ѹأÿһԵ޿ƥС
֮ħ֮ǰ֮𣡡˶ħǹܿ£ֻһƳʱΧ֮䣬εħ֮·𶼱
֮ħĮ³һؼ޶ħ֮ƻħ޽Ӱ֮سħɱȥȻֻħһʱؼְħͬʱɱ˳ȥħħ˿ħ
ǿħײͷ𺳣ͬʱֻħƻӶʱ֣ƻºڰ֮
˫صɫ£ħ˫صһħ֮ĵһ֮ǳ֮£ħͬ㡣
ڤһδͥһȷѪ꣡
һµĶԾħսħһоڶεģħսʤħǿһκħҲԼôǿսȻħȻ͹ħĿ£һħǿߣûб¶յսⳡսսѣյʤħģħһΰˡ
գ˰ܼһǻǿߣħǷֱܸسĹŽ壬жһǰͥڤš
ַƺߵսֲû̫Ȥ뿪֮󲻾ãħҲ׷ֻһ֮ʹַԵǿ߻Ȼתɫ䣬Űħȥ
𣡡أħһֲĺڰħֲȻԴԼԵᣬӴޱȵǰ˹ȥ̼䣬ַԵȻ仯Ϊֱ˰ħȥħǳɵǸ߹壬ĵλͬһΪ
£ַ㵭˵ַ㣬ַֻɫƽʱǷ׷״ǰ˿ȴɶǳĺڰħ
ħֱӳ嵽ַǰſ޿ϢţȻַȴЦݣɫ˵Ķţһ˰ɣ漴ȴħһ˳ͳ˻ԴַϣĲ˲䣬ɵĿⶼ
ǣʲô
漴Ǽַ㽫ַħԴϣĸ£ЦŵСһ㻹ûأ
ħɵͺ𣬷·˵ַһʱħϣãң߰ɡ
𡭡죬ħ𣬳Զ˳ȥʹ˶ˣַ㣬ʲôʱѱһͷ
ַǻصžûйãϢʼȥŽ̤֮ͥǰžǹǹŽ׼ž¿ٹŽͬʱħս̨Ǳ߷ļԻսȻҲ˳ŭ죬ѾǼʥɱĵڶˣ


2312 а
ž֮УһƬɽһ𣬽һĵΧɽ֮¸ֻܿƮԼֵ¥ԼȺ䣬ǹŽ֮վַڴ˵أǿԣıأǿᣬ񱻹ŽȫٳˣһҶС
ھͥν𣬳Щ̵ĵطĹžڣûжĵ̣һҪפĻͱҪǿˣʵΪ磬ǿʵһУϣˣ˭ǿ󣬾ռõĵط
Ž񣬹ŽǿˣǽƬ򿪱˳ʹ֮ΪŽ
ȻĹŽ嵱УʵɼģַؾţйŽţԼַǰѵ˽˾ţ⼸ͬĹŽ壬ΪЩУлȨַϣ˲ʲôĦ˶ģǹŽǿҲַ飬ֻһַ㣬ԹŽݻԾͥ
ʵҲ㲻ʲôΪַͬҪһµݣھͥУϾڣû㹻ܹġ
˿̣һͥԺ֮Уһַϣ仯÷ǳСڣ߰׳ַ㣬Ϊ˳ǱǿȻᾪһԸŰƵĺڰħȻô˳
ȻڰħԣַͬĸĸһַǰȻ˳ġ
Сһߡʱַ˵˾䣬ʱħֱַӾյУֱӴַ㳯ǰ˳ȥһڹŽϿ𣬹Žڣһʯ֮ϣŽ̧ͷգĿ䣬Ҫ͸һУҪôǾʵ
ͥįˡ˵³һ֮ŵЦ⡣
ħַ˷֮⣬󣬷岻ǿ˸ַ㣬ºˣ
ŽаϴελСòĽҪԼͨһַƽ˵ʹöԷɫ£Žаһ׻˻ˣЩĴĹ£ȷǷʵǿ󣬱񣬽ռˣʵȷѰ
ԵȡЩظһ漴忪ʼһĽŽаϢŷĸ߲ﴫȥ
ܿ죬һͥԺڣ֪аϢüͷһĨȤɫǰʱգӽܸСӣȴϲַ㣬ֳ˸ŽаѾͷȤŽԼµԽԽȤˡ
굹ûȥַݣϾŽĳ˾ȣҲʵڳ֮УôĹŽسºƽȻŽˣмľȻҲûʲôֵ̫ĵط
ŽҪ£ʥǵӪһѹô뷨δЩˡЦ£Ȼ뵽ûȥԼһͷΪַĶƺþġ
Ȼַȴַ㡣
ʱŽ⣬ַǰ˲ӰЩһЩǳǶע۵·ַĸȤ
ŹŽ֮ϧϷ֮ŽѾ伣ˣֻھͥ¹һЩ˵ŹŽĻƽʱֹһλܹ磬ȴ֪䣬аǹŽ֪ΣɷҼʶһ£
ʱһλϵݿַ㣬ƽĿڵ
˭Ҫʶһ£ԹԡַǴһĨǳǳЦ⣬͸żа֮Ϣʹ÷ǿɫ΢ַ㡣
ԡ˿̣һλǿһλ۾Ŀ⿴ַ㣬ЦҺ뿴ŽĽ֮к֮
˵գֻȻַ̤ȥֱӻ̼з֮һﳯַ˹
Ȼʱ򣬿ռƱĪ⣬ǰľǨоһɻ֮統Уʵ
ᷨ򣡡ַ㵭Į³һ漴ԷԼķ޷ˣһַ̣ʵ޻һȭɱ̼˵ͬߵķݰ˳ȥݺݵĵ˵ϣڷڣ۵˼Ѫɫ԰ףΧԼָֻ˸ղŵ龰
ô£ҵķǿɫ£¶ɫŽĽܰķ򣬴һ磿
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ȻǷһ̣û˶ַŽа㻳ɣղţ˹ŽĽַ֪֮Ľ֮
ʲôڵѪ궯ǿĿⶢַİħСһ·һӰȴʵСһ㡣
𡭡ͻأ䣬һֲһڰħ·̼˵ǰޱȵĺɫצֱӻ˹ȥϵĿֲѹǧ׳Ӵͷݺݵš
ǣ
һطĳƣ˵屻צţ·ֻҪħͻֱӱ˺ѵ
顣Žǿ߾ͳħûٶǿȴ亹
Žǿ߷׷̧ͷħ֮ȥַֻվڼǧӴĺڰħԴϣֶԶ죬ޱߣǿҵӾ
һľǿͷ𺳣һڰħӦպͰһֹħ̫֮ˡ
һͬ壬Ǹ߰ġģ޺࣬ȻŽаѱΪɼ˵ʵǳµģһأŽĳ˲õˣسţһˡ
ֻ˳Ĭڴ˿̣ԶһӰնַѾȥСԼС㣬ԸµĻȻġ
˵ĻұȰɡַ΢Ц˵ʵ˿Ѿںｻû֪ͨȻֳǿɲԸ棬ʱ򣬷Ҫ˼棬Ϊǰʱյ¼ѾǳˣԼаǿߵ˼棬ɣǸѿ


2313 Ѫ
ַôڷ֮˰ʱֻǰղ˵ٶȶڵа£ô˾С㶼δ¶棬²Ըµģذɡ
ַĿ漴Ц£ɣϴһҺС㽻ԸҼһģȻܡ
ԷַĻɫ£Ȼ漴ЦҲֻСһʱСѾͻ˻ԼʵЩ㡣
˵ĻҸˣʹС㣬ǵŻ֮˵һЩ飬ǵĻôšַҡͷ˵漴ħŭڿգϳ
ַĿ壬Ȼ³һС㡢С㣬Žа
ֲŷ˽ȥ·һɺ˰㳯ǰȥڷ֮Уʹò̧ͷ淽ŽаǻܻļһĪ濴С㲻ɣŮȷʳڣòҲ޿ޣҲ졣
£Ǻ⣿Щ֮ɫ̫ÿ˵
ǡַͷ͸а֮ɫһЩʱֻ̣Ӱ˸òɣƮȻȻԼ
е֣аҲ֪ļһﾹȻԸаˣַĸ飬ѵֻΪ˰
ϴҲˣ˴ΣΪλԸ
С㡢С㡣ַ溬Ц⣬˺һ֮λС㲻Ըңȴôţð
ûϵҲ֪Ҫңʲô𣿡ַ㵭˵αװΪ
ҲûʲôҪ֮£ֻϴһΪģҪԼС㽻ѣ֪ɷȥߡ
ˡϲַ㣬ôʲôˡ
ȴ£漴΢΢ͷá
Ŀ£漴ЦѾͷʲôء
˵Ļɡַ΢ЦħǰʱԼ̤ħַĿǳŷĿȥĮ˵ǣȻûʲô
˵գַعͷħڿգȻֻһ
к£ַվлףԷ
ĪΪܺҷ忿ôˣֻ˫Σ岻졣˶ַ˵ȻģҲΪַ㣬ǴŹŽ壬Ҫ塣
뷨⣬ַҲܹ׶Է뷨ЦЦ̫еķˡ
˵ţ¶һĨа΢Цħڿնȥʹ÷ǿ߶ԺȴɻصŶԷаһȷǸаңţΪ
ԼҪַȥ˵ȻҲ赲ˣϢܿʹ˷壬ڸ߲㣬ж΢Щ죬ͬһϢҲܿ촫ݵ˻
˿̣ڻһϣվǣĿ⳯Զȥ⼸УԼӺȻڡ
˵ŹŽǸһܳȥˣʱڻԼӵߣһλ국³һʱʹûɫ£ûнӿڣ飬ûа취͡
ʦ֣Գаļһǿô껺תĿֿ˻䣬˵
ǿҲǶ֡˵仰ʱƽǲ磬Ȼսܶһǳ飬ϵûС
΢΢˵ͷ漴ֵǱߣ֪ѡҰɣ
֪һֱǻڳ棬㲻ϲĻʱƵ߻һˡӦֻǸ߻ˣҪʧ㻻ˣҲ˵ʲô
أ׼ǰһˡƽ˵ǹһĨЦ⣬ܴ죬񣬵ȷҪһЩҪȥˣҲЩ֪ǻ˵
ȥšЦŻص漴ͻ뿪ߡ
ȥ֮󣬻һλͨ۵һֱվǣȴ˲ڵĸо·û˰㣬ǻԼ䣬ûжͶ̫ע
Ȼʱȴڵ㣡
֪걳΢΢˵ͷ٣վڻҡ
ԸԽԽˡǽϣЦЦʹɫ΢£ƺ㣬ƣ
ҲûܹʲôǣҪ
ҡҡͷǲ룬٣ûôɡ
һգеġ꺬Ц˵
лл佱ƺã·ǿеġ׷Ķ
κεҲһݣӺͻ䣬ѾǻǳĵĵˣҪһ׿ԽٶԼսǳ
Ȼڲʵи߲ε˵ѾĺģôǸ߲εˣ꣬˵ߡ
һգˣ߹ģǣӴͣһԺУ˵Ҫ˺һĨЦ⣬û뵽ˣҵǷӡ
ͬʱֻһǿϢϿգһλǣĵ㽫ʲôˣ
̧ͷĬƬֻ̣ң
¶һĨЦ⣬ҴûǿȹŮʲôԼӦ˺ͻĻԼ˭㲻ǶѾ֪ô
ô˵ˡĵ
㶼ΪˣһʲôԷϵġЦЦǣӦѾˣߣӦ֪ͨȥӭɣϾĸס
ˣͲܣǽӡ
ΪԼŮ䲻ϱˣɺЦԣڣת뿪ߡ
ʱ֪ʲô飬ַһֱ⣬һ¥ţ·ܿ˰㣬Ա߿ԣ׵ôһ£ʱ򣬾ͻȻɫ£ǻȥ
ءﵭĻӦ
ǷѪҪȥ򣬺ءɫأ
ĿҲ£ž˵Ѫ
ǵģѪ˵ͷĿ˸£ַڴ˵ңһؼһ˱
áַ΢΢ͷ֪巢ʲô飬ȥҲûʲô


2314 ݷ
;ص֮ǺȻڼ´У˿̾ǿڣ
´ǷΪֺ´ÿһʯ֮ӰңЩ֮Ӱͬ㣬ϵӿţ·ЩʯһĹϷˡ
ﻹǵһȻǾģǰ˫ȺϯضǼ⣬ǰڷž磬ûжЩ˶ֻš
;ʱǵĿ׷תԶһϡ
˿ֻ̣Ϊ׵ϯλ֮ϣһλ˶һЦûмλˣӴ˿˶¶ЦֻоԷУȻֻǵһμ棬Է·㣬һû֮Уָо˸еȻͬʱȴо΢΢Щ䡣
䣬˵һ߸ϵˣ˴ĸое˵Ѹоҫ
ǷĴϣʥڷλͬСɣվĴڣԱŵĲǷļһʹɫ£漴ĵˣһɡ
ʥ΢˵ͷ漴Цϲ⣬λĶֻǸѡ
ڶԷƽЦݵĿע£;һ£漴ֻʥǻ񷺣
񷣡ͫ׶Ȼ£̲ס΢΢˲֮ա
𺳵Ŀ⳯ȥֻĿƽҲ˿̵ûʶ˵֪ϣڻԴʲô塣
ֻĿ񷺣һۣȴ񷺣溬΢Цü͸ƽϵĲ豭һڣĿȴû뿪ϣʹüͷ΢΢£˵۾δЩУɵ÷һͳ֮
üͷһʥɫЩãȴ񷺣ЦŵϲԸ񡣡
ƽĻΪΧȴʥЦµϲȻãϾҪദһ𡣡
Ϊˡзǿ΢Ц˵·ռ˱˰㡣
ʲô˼üͷЩ䵭˵
񷺣δҪúø溣ʥ˵ʹĿ˿̵ʶԭǰ꣬ǷҪĶʵǲ´ˣǷ룬룬ǶԷԸ壬޷ġ
СȻվɫˣ
ĿһɲԼԺ䣬ҲĸĴﶼڣʱ̫ҵĻҲء
ȻʥĿ΢΢ֻоһɿֲѹԼϣֺ·ѵĸоѹֵ˼㡣
ȴȥɣѾͷ£Ī̫⡣ʥ˻֣ʱ˳ȥҪ˵ʲôȴ˵Ļᶼûоͱ˴߳ˣ񷺣ʼƽĿһУûʲôʾ
ǿһ£Ӻ;Ѿͷһ˰ɡʥƽЦûвֹӺ;Ļ£ȴˡ
ҲãȷҪ˫¡񷺣΢Цŵ˵ͷʹþɫȻҲò԰ղﱻߵʱûбʾΪױʾҲûκεãôһϳˡ
ַԶܾãȴһֱûпͨﴫ޷õӦַͷ£·壬һЩֽţȻܳѶظĵܿܣﱻˣǸ뵽ܹѶĵط糹׵ĶϾϵ
СһǻȥɡַİԴûǰȥʸѾܹ²⵽һЩˡ
鷢һͳ˻֮漴ַڿն𣬳ƶ˶ȥ·ڶַ˵ʲô
Ǹȥ̫磿ΪṩһЩַ˰˼ɵ㶣漴ЦˣԼܽˣ⵹ǳڷ壬ڻǱߣǣڵҡ
鲻Ǻַ˼ַվıϣĿ⳯Զȥ
Ҳͬʱǿ߳˷壬񷺣Ŀ⣬ңԶĹŽ巽λ˹ȥ΢΢һĨȣ·𣬴ŵζ
裬񣬸óԾԾ֤һԼڵļֵˡ
Ž壬Ǳַ꣬أܹʶɡ
įߴʤŽаܹ׻ܻ䣬һ񷺣ʶһ£νŽаһ
ַص˹Ž֮󣬳һԺȥֻһλŽǣħʱӰڿգַȥЦַ㣬ôпˣ
ԹŽָƣҵľҲһӦ˸⣬˵Ըһ壬ΣַƽʹöԷͫ΢΢£Ŀַ㡣
嵹û⣬Ϊʥ壬ͬӵĵ̣ǷһĻûȥͷһǹŽЦȻֻǽѣҪʲôġ
ûУҲΪûбҪԸŽ壬ֻʣ⣬ҷϢ˵ŽаҪǰΪϴεǸͬʱԹŽ壬ݷһ»ַ΢Ц˵£ʹöԷͫ΢΢ˣӣҪʲôأϢݷû


2315 
Ž彫ݷûϢܿ㴫˳ȥ˲СĹעʱջ˼βõ¼ŽȴͻأĳھͥУһԳаĹŽ壬ʵǿᣬܹ׻ܼ䣬ЩŽ˲ٵĻ⡣
ңһιŽͻԼĵطǷ֮ǣϵĳУ󲿷ֶһƬ棬ͥΪĹųǣ˵ϹʱĴǿ֮ڤͽһ嫵ĳǳطգ¾򣬻˵ʱʢļֲʥ壬Ӵ˿һʱһΪʢʱ
ΪֹǳеĻ汻һǿմȻЩ·֮㣬ɻȼա
û˻᲻ǵ÷֮ǵʷ͹ŽԼ֮صڷ֮ǣһȽ˼飬Ϣȥ֮󣬺ܶΪ˴Σϴħһˡ
ħһغħԼûܹ棬Գħʹþͥˣʼ˵ħ֮
ΪףǵÿһжΪ֮ͥΪעĶΣҲ⡣
˶̾ŽĿʹ󵨣ǣǸôˣὫصѡڷ֮ǣ
ܶõϢǿߣѾڳŷ֮ǵķˡ
֮ǣһƬ棬֮ȼղ·㲻ߣӰĳǳأȴͻȻ˲ӰǴӷ֮ǵϿһܴܻ粻ϵĴȺʼձһ߶ȣҽ̫ͣЩ·ʱܱ㡣
ȻҲһЩֱڷ֮
Щɢ˺۾ϵ֮ȻѾûеܹʥģЩеͻȻ䱬ݻٿµĴڡ˿¿շ֮еǿ߲ɵͷǳش꣬ΣԾͥ˼ûҲжš
ۣͨ˸Ҵ洩УһϵȺ;סڻ浱С˿ָ̣һɽ緢ĻҽеƬɽȾѪޣڻɽԱߣһ֮ǣסһȺ
ЩȺļһǳΣգȡԼʵڷ֮Уܿ¡
Է֮еȺǺ˽⣬ھͥһ嫵ĳǳǵĵǼΪģһǣ֮ȻѳΪ棬Ȼסͬ׺֮һڰ㣬̫ע⣬߳ȥ
ȣ¶ԽԽˣĪǴ˴ĶǾﲻɣȻ֮͹Ž棬ĪǴùŽѿ뵽ڷ֮Ǳûһս̨ڿһӰ·Щ˷ֱվڸλͬϵĻ㣬зֱһ޴Ļ֮ܣŹϵͼƣĽΧϮĻ֮ûʹƬռĻ涼Ϊ˳
սʥս˵ʱһܣӵϵܣҪôݣŽˣ½ȺӼߵճ¿ǰһĻоĿġ
վǺˣ硣¶֮ɫվһ֮мӰʡ
񷺣˵˵ʱĿ⳯˵֮ȥ񷺣ˣ񷡣
磬񷺣ûлܶˣûһЩŻ֪Ǽ㲻֪ˣֻҪ֪գ㹻ˣ񷡣
вҲѾˣǶطϿգ¿յݣɫ̲ס£Ҫϴˢǰĳˣ񷺣ˣ䣬ֻվΧֳֻ֮ܵһˣҪλһˡ
֮ܣųǿ޷ƽ⣬ҪùŽ߲ȥôаһŽ޷棬۸ԼˣѾһ
Ž壬ˣҲֻȡѡ
ʱ֮ϣ죬ֻһֲӥ¿ճ˹ȥΪӴڱգǿµĻ棬һɫд³ŭХȻֻʱǿеĶܶ˶ʱͼƱ仯жȻһ޴ܣĹ϶赲סˣԽԽ޳ϣܹץһɽצŻϿȥȴ֮
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Ȼ׼ùŽ˽Ȧһ塣ȺһĻа䣬Ƕһ
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Ž˼Ȼˣͳɣضزءʱػһλǿ߿˵ʱȺɫ΢Ž壬ˣ
ҫ漴ֻս̨ΧϿգͻȻһӰ·Ƕƾն˵ǱĽ֣֮ӿԲõ
Ž壬ϲôزôѾ˶ˡһ˵Į˵ƴķ̹Ž㡣
ǹŽֻǰΪϴδͻǿߵǸ˳ݷ£صݣ̫ҹŽˡʱһλ΢Ц˵ŻȺ
ϴεûʲôǸģǹŽ˶ҪݷһҪûʸˡǿ߼˵ػŽ壬ƿ̸ݷ֮¡


2316 
ΧһӰΪʵ壬ȻǹŽǿߵˡ
ǿһˣŽ壬ѾӵʵȺаȴ뵽ˣҲƲĶܼ׵ģܣ湥ͷһ壬
ȻˣŽȻ΢лʶһܣȻҪһǹŽٶƽ˵ƬռȻ·𶯵µĽӿЩŽǿѾڿʼ
ţһֻ֮ޱȽ⳯ջۣʱƬĿ·𶼱룬һޱȵţӵпµ
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ӿŽǿ·ãʧƬգֻĻŰԼܴǣ·᲻ɴ֮ܡ
Žǿ˸һ漴ͬʱһ̤ҪƿһǣѰҵͻƿڡ
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ʯͲɴݻ٣ǿ߽ܵ·ȫĻΪһ塣
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ǹŽƲ֮ףǱҪʼˡֻ񷺣ƽ˵ڴ˿ֻ̣ԶһӰ֣Ļ浱С
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ȺǱߣַֻڻ˳ʹȺͫ׶£֮еĻҪʵǿµġ
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񷺣Ŀַ⳯˹ȥʱ΢΢£ô׻ܼĹŽаа񣬿ʥ֮µɡ
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Ҫǿƿܣʥ֣ԼΪǿĹֱշܣҪƽĻΨƣ׵߽޷Ϊһ塣
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ַ΢΢ͷȻӭҹŽ壬ôҲΨԼƽˡ
λҡַƽڣʱŽǿη׷˸ַࡣ
ַŲǰ̤ûпµϢֻƽǰĿ⿴ǰӰȻǻ䡣
Žа̻ػַƽڣ漴˴ǵϵи
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ңַûϢǹһĨЦ⣬ʹûɫ£۾Ķַ㡣
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ûõģȡ˴㱻ػֻһҳֽţԱ˺顣ַƽڣʱʶЩƮ죬·Ƭؼ䣬ֻʣַ㣬ַҲΨܹü
ҵĽ֮ѾҵĽ֮ǶˣĶܣܷסҵĹַƽüͷ΢壬ǲܵ飬ͬôܻɢõĿռ䡣
ʹûҽˣɺһػңֻҪҡҵ־Ͷҡҵˡ俪ˣɫƽַ˵
̫ˣҵĽ֮ǰûиˡַ㵭˵㿴ˡ
˵ţһ֣ʱһɽȻǰʹûɫ£·ɽһҪ˸
³һ֮ʱڵƬռ䣬µĻ˳ȥȻַԵĹŽǿߴһȽ֮ţЩ·ȫ뵽棬ַûжҡֺڻʶУҲδġ
˵ҿ׷ָǡַƽ˵Ȼ峯Żȥɫ΢䣬·ǼǵַǿȻ䱬ˣӿȥ


2317 ǿ
峯ȥ̼ܳһȱڣǿɫȻˣȵ䣡
ɫȻһ漴Լ֮Уڲϵˣַ㻹ǰ¶һĨаЦ
þĿģֻǽˡ˲Ϣ˹ڴ˿ַ̣Ѿǰ˳ȥͬһ磬ŽǿԽػңһй
䣡շַ֮ȭâǰһλǿߺ˳ȥǴȱλõһλǿߣһ̺ſµĹȣ·ܹݻһУַ㼴Ѿ㹻ǿˣ׵ĵһɫǬǰɱճ貵Ĺߣ۾޷ϡ
ǻǿƺܹܵѹȶµޱȳȻ˶ܼףֲĻâ˵
ˣֲڶܼ֮ϣ·Ҫ֮Է˼Ҳ˷ָƺһеĶܳѺۡ
ַ֣һʱŽǿ߼ʹÿֲһȽų֣Ťü˱ֱӾţͻȻ䷢ԼһƬռ䣬ɢ
𣡡ڰħһ𵴵ĺЩȺУβɨȻħʵ̫ǿӴֲһ֮ͷ·Ҫǿ𵴷ָ
Ž岻ϣЩĽܣĻƲͻƿڣЩٶȾۺ
ַӰ磬˲һˣƲʱֲ֮˳ȥֻоԼȻ̤һƬÿռ䣬漴ַ㳯ݺݵĹ׽ɨһС
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ҵ磡ַɨĽâŶԷɱȥͬʱӿͫȻ
㡭̣ͫȵ㲻ǹŽǿߡ
£ѾȥαˣȻַٶȸ죬ؼ֮ʮӡͬʱ˳ɫ԰ףɫȻ㲻ǹŽаַ㡣
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ҲҪַ峯ŶԷɱȥ֮ơԵ޷죬޾ӣŻ˳ȥĨԷĵ⣬Է֮ǿŭģַ㣬ɱʥ۾ǿߡ
ʱ磬Ⱥַʥ۶ʧˣ֣֪淢ʲô顣
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ȺüͷаˣȷǱѰ֮Ľ֮
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һŶܳ¿׹ȥȺͷݺݵĲ£Ǻַսǿߣˣ
䣡Ŀַ㣬񷺣ҲĶַ㣬Žˣɱһλǿߣ
Ž壬
ԱҲϧҪɱңĪǺд޲ɣαˡַ㵭˵ʱȺͫԱ
Ļȷе
ǶԷԱ壬Ҳַȵģû˻
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ȺַĻһԶԣ⿴ԹԼʵȴǰ˺ܶ˼Ϊǿ̫ˣһΪԱģа񲢲ɱ֣Լǹֲҡ
ʵȷʵȻҲһ񷺣ַ㣬ƺƽ˵̺ĺв֮Ǹԡ
ƴȻսԹַƽӦʹȺɫ£Žа񷺣ɸ˵ʵˣԹȻҲǸ߻ˣղǻǿ߱ɱʵУҲԹ׷𣬱ܵˡ
ܺá񷺣䵭˵ϣͻȻһ⻪貵ĻͷϿա
֮ˣ֪ʵΣȺ׷׶ŶԷգĺˣǿһǣִƻ¡
֮ˣҲ񷺣˺ٳ棬ս˶֪òֳ̫ʵɿΪһսһΡ
ֻ񷺣һ̤ʱĻ·һ̫棬̫Ϊǿ֮𣬷һУűַ̫̫֮֮㡣
Ȼƺûֹͣ񷺣Ͽշһ棬ھű̫֮󣬾Ȼ֣һɱˮĺȺ䲻ס˸ָоܣޱȣȴڴ򺮲ֻһ⣬˸о
̫֮𡣡ȺĿ£嫵ķ֮ǳ˳֮⻹пºϢʢľóĻּµĻ档
ַĿⶢŶԷžպ¡ּ̫̫̫̫Զ޴շ쾭Ļ棬ǿƬն֮񷺣ʵܿ¡
ʮ˱㣬ȴδɱǷת·һ𣬻̫̫ͼȥֳ֮ϣ⾳֣ʹúܶǿߵĽŲĺˣ


2318 Ȼ
ȵϢ֮ȴ̺˿µĺ⣬˵ĸо֮𣬷·񷺣óĵֵ
ŽͻսȦߣֻʣַ񷺣ˣַֻɫƽ޳Ȼȴݣ񷺣Ӧĵһˣ֮ϣϡ
ŽھͥҺܲ죬Žѡ󣬾Ȼһ񷺣˵ûȥʲôһֽͱ˶񷺣˵ûдϴħħԤսŽ־ͥһĶѡǻûѿ
ԣҺ뿴Žһͥڶ೤¡񷺣ûв·𲻻ᶯŭ㣬俴񷺣ͷΪȣһķ񷺣Ⱦ磬ҲˣȻȴΣա
񷺣£漴ֻһָʱ̫̫ͼ׶Ȼޱɱг󣬺Ƚ棬ʹַֻоһɺ֮ŰȵĻҪǿˡ
֮նɱַ΢ʱܻһʯڣȻȴȫַһֲշͬ쫷ް㳯ǰ˻Ȼ佫֮뵽쫷棬漴͵ĳȥЩҲߡ
Žǿ߶Խ֮ǿôշ򶼵˽ʹãȺаȴ񷺣һ̤Խϣֱһ֮նַ㣬ճޱȿµĻ籩һУ·նĲǽ⣬ǻ𺣡
ַ㿴գϣŶԷĹȥµķȫΪշȻ䣬һֻմӡɱӲĽƬضסȻҲ֮סޱ߿µ쫷˻𣬹ٶתƫ˹켣
񷺣¶һĨľ֮ɫ漴Ц£Ȼ䣬Ӱʧԭأһ̣뵽ַ֮ڣǿµĵ
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ǿȺһĻɫһǸоһǿʥһָͬʥָ֮Ҫַݻٵ
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̫ˡĮ¡Ŀµײַ֮˱˫ػ𺣰棬Ҳ⵽Ŀ飬񷺣ȴһˣ񷺣ָ΢΢ţ·ѵİ㣬ʹңǹɳڵҲܿ£·ܹ׵ĴݻĨ
ߡ񷺣һַ㣬Īַ㻹ܴǹȫɣĽŲٶ̤˳ȥŻеַ㹥ȥһΣǿµķӡ·նӡĳַ־޴ӡַۣӡ˹ȥ
ַٶȶˣȻ䣬Ƭռ䶸Ȼϵսһӡ·˺Ѻۣ漴һ֮⽫µӡ׵˺ַĿ⳯ǰȥͫһĨЦձݷûȻȻ˲ҹŽ忴УŽҲûбҪˣ˰ɡ
ַ㻰£ʱŽǿ߷׷״⣬ܿ죬һ˸Žǿ߶½ȥ
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շлԻټַ㵭˵漴ħ˷֮ǵãã浱С
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һӰȻߣ񷺣ʵô£
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´̻λǿʵɡַ·ԶƮֱ治ֱɢȥǿȴջһ𣬽ĿⶼͶ񷺣
񷺣ɫΪѿһǽԼ֮ѡΪָȻһƺɺܲңַϷŪɱһλʥ۾ǿַ㻹Ž˶ȫˣûܹκ
ȻһΣȺټ֤˻֮ʵ֮ǿ񷺣Ժ󲻻İˣЩжأ
ַ˴ΰݷûҪ֪̽һ»ʵûͻײϾǵԶԶңԹŽаݳ֣ԼľˣѾ㹻ˡ
ʱ֮Уħͳ˻ַ֮ڰħϣЦ룬ﱻյˣܾ֮ܿˣҲ񷺣ѪȻ³ģ֮ϣ㹻÷ˣҺ񷺣ºܿ컹ټ


2319 ںη
ŽͻĽײǿĿã񣬷ΪˬŽаȷǸаʵǿȻȴЩʶ̧ˣȻԻƣǷΪˬϾΪ񷺣뾲֮΢ϵѾ뽫뵽һȦӵС
ȻҲֵÿ֣ƩǿߣڹŽǰʧ棬ǴŴ˿̶ֻɣϾ֮΢ϵ꣬һ㣬侺㲻ģлᣬǶԥ̵Է׳
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ڵλãƫھͥĺɳΪϵ֮һԶʱ㴦ǣۣȻʵû˸ȥɣֻϲ
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һգͨĽ֮£мӰ٣⼸飬·վ˴ս㣬ȻϢ·ܹܵǵʵ֮ǿ
һλɮͷո߸ϵ漴ĽŲǰ֮ͨ·Ľݣ˫ֺʮɫ£Ž֮ȥ
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˫ֺʮڣһ޴ŷǰӡշײ財
Ϊ赲Ͽ֮أѹ£ϡ
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˵Ļлˣ׷ɱȻҲΪӣЩҲ̫ˡǿߺЦӦ漴Ŀ꣬ڵڤڷкΪ֮ȥˡ
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˳֮⣬վǰϯλһ̫硣
һˣ̫һƬĻɳУɻɳ·ҲһƬż޾ޱȡ
ʲôطҪˡʱڻɳĨĨЩƵ³һǿʵƬɳһµ·ɱɳĮУûоͷҲ֪Ǳס˻ɳĮôơ
ڻɳ֮ϣ̧ͷ죬ŭôô࣬ӵоǿѪȴĴ׷ɱ߲ƬɳĮ⹷ƨûеطʲôżȺͷӲˣҰɡ
ɳϵĹţ·Ҫ嶼ᵽɳĮȥ
ţʱüоЩɵ˦˦ֱ֣۴ӻɳóȻ˿̣һѪշɽ˳ȥʹɫ£Ѫˣ
ʲôͻȻĿ⳯Żɳȥ漴һǯӣ·Ǵְ㣬ģһƽ׵İ֮ӻɳ˳ʹ
Ƭ֮϶Ȼ¶˷ܵ飬漴Ȼһҵǣӹҽ
˵գŭһֲ˳¿𵴶ȥѪݣ¿գǻƽ澹̲סǣɳ࿪٣ͬնϰ㣬һԨһϵżĿ֮УʹĺЩҵˣһҪȥЩ׷ɱĻ쵰


2320 뺯
ַں񷺣֮ص˹Ž忪ٵأͼҪȡϵȻȴûãܿһֱڽյ״̬ڼַõʵϢ÷ʹ÷Ѫټˣ񷺣
񷺣ͷȡϵﱻյȥ˷壬Ҫͷַо˲Сѹ񷺣ǻӣ񷣬ϣڻд壬˶
ûа취ȡϵַ㣬ȴܵһͻأ뺯ֱ˹Ž壬˵ҪС
ַ㿴뺯Ŀ¶һĨɫ
ϣ¶ǼΪϧĲϰɣ˵ιַ̡Ц£漴Ŀ⿴ּƮݣ·ӡ档
ĺɽϡ
Ʈݵּз·̺һζŵ
ĺɽϣǺˣַھͥʵİϾͥʱΪݣǺЩھͥдǧȣ£ǲ׺һڣֵһᣬĺɽ϶֪Ǻˡ
Ѿ̽ˣĺɽǧɽžĺɽ֮ˣͬʱҲŽǿߣһǰѾ̤ʥ֮Բʥ۷ʵ£ĺɽѾܾûгֹܶ˲²⣬ʵѾӽڼʥۡ
ʥۣͬν޵޵һĳƺŰɡַ૵һ֮󣬱޵Լ޳ƺţȻǶһ۷һֳƺţͥʥۼĳƺȻûôߵ޵ʥۣǳƼʥۡ
ʥۣѾ൱ʥ֮ǿһˣ̫ͥ࣬Ϊϡ١ַԵĹŽǿߵĻӦһʹַ΢΢ͷĺɽϣпܽӽʥۣôҽ񷺣Ƿ˼ʥۣ
ڼʥصĺͥǷָԲ޵۷̤ʥ֮ǰҪһ磬Ϊ˵ĲͬһεսҲǽȻͬģͺñ㣬һʥ۷壬ԲսͨһһܱôҪõʥ۵ĳƺţҪлԻ͵սſԣ磬һλѾΪʥ۵֪Ϣ񷺣ڻû
񷺣ûַɫ£ͥԼʥ۵Ҫܸߣ֮ʱǳֵϹȫʢʱڲ֪ûüʥ۵ĳƺţӹɣͥļʥȻսΪ˵Ĵڣʥ֮¼ǺеֵĴڡ
ĺɽϣͺܿܵһΡ
ΪλȥַЦ£૵뺯ϣַǰǧɽĺɽһ𣬶ҿе˼кܶǿﵽȻֹһˡ
ȻھֹֻͥΣѾ˵עˣټϹŽʧôãȻ˹ע˶ԷҲΪ档ԵĹŽЦ£ַʵ֪ĺɽϷ룬Ϊô
ƺǹһص顣ɻӦʹַĿһۣŽ֪ģƺеҪ࣬ŽͥѵĽͻȻľ£̺·ڴһѾܾˣһκͻ棬ǹŽʥǿߣܹóôˣɼŽ֮
أַ૵ԾͥﲻǺ˽⣬ߴأôľڣλ᲻֪ղ̫֮غʱô񣬿ҲΪǿ˰ɡ
ȥĻܹʥ֮µ۷ɡַЦ£΢΢ͷĺɽϷ뺯ҪǺͬһεģǿ߲٣ҶǺĲεǿߣǰȷܹһǷ
ǧɽžĺɽҡַһ漴΢΢ͷȥ
ڴɳľ絽ʥ۷壬Ǳȼ磬ɱʥۣҲ°ɡ΢Ц˵ַ㲻ÿɷû˵ʲôľʵɻ׾ǰڣ磬ͬʱ֮׳ǿ֮Ҳǿܹ׸ǿǶԱȵеľ磬ҲѾӽʥ۾ˣȻʥ۷廹һġ
ʵȷͬŽ˵ǰ㣬ַֻõ룬ͥԼžǿ߶õ뺯Ǻַ㲻һΪһֱھͥ߶ܹ໥ϵϵģ֪ǹڽص֮󣬸ǿߣӲͬķ·ˣǰŽΧǧɽž
һ죬ַҲʼǰǧɽžַһκôԶľھͥǰУ⻯Ծ֮ضֻ룬Ͼ׷ɱ⻯̫߳Զױס
Сһߴأ̫ռ⻹µĹżΣգҲЩ֪̫꣬صַڰħıϣƶУŰħʵ
ϴ̫أʱ⡢̫ħߡ֮ĹΣգҲ֮ܳΪأȻ˵ΪصĵطӦǺʱ⣬ഫңԶʱ⣬ʱʥأʱˣû˵߳дţһλʥȥ˳ȻˣһλļʥۣȻںʱ֮⣬Ϣɺԡ
ʱ⡢ʱַɫ£Ԥ˵Ҳһ˥ʷҲһЩڼ飬ʱΪϵ֮һĺɳһɳ˷ʱȴʧˡ
̫ħ߾˵ˣΪħߣкܶδ֪Ĵڣȥ߳ȴˣ߳˰׳աħڵ֮ĹȻǽأǱȥģ̫ػ֮Ĺ˺ܶʱĴޣ岻ҽȥҲ̤㡣
ַ΢΢ͷȻ֮Ĺ̫޹ػҲ֮¡
̫磬Щǿ󣿡ַʵ
嵱Ȼǿ֮һо̫ν壬塢ȣȻһЩҲΪϴԺȥ̫翴֪ˡħЩڴ˵ַЦЦھͥЩﶼΪޣֻ飬̫磬ԼȴЩǿһЩ塣


2321 ĺɽ
ǧɽžĴҫɫ⻪Ϊ貣ཨɻƽ죬ҫĿۡ
ƬžŽΧóǽϵŽ֮أܹõõĽóϵǿ߱óǿҪ࣬ķҲƫ
ʱǧɽžĳطͻأǿ̧ͷĿ⳯ȥ·͸Ʋ㣬յ֮Уɫ΢΢£
ʲôˣȻϢֲһħǼΪµħв˿Ͽ֮أϾһϢǷǳԵģԶľ룬ɻʵǿ֮˵ľ
˵ĺɽϷ˲뺯ԼһЩʥ۾綥ۼĺɽ壬⼸죬½˸֪ĺɽҪʲô
źǺͽйأЩһʵһȺӣǵ뷨ܹ͸ģεľۻ֮ػϢ
ɣĺɽЩ굹Ҳţ˵ӵȶʥ۵ʸ񣬲֪ǷΪ棬ǧɽžɶֻȼλʥﰡ
¿յַ㶼ֻܹҪԸǷǳϸ΢޷Ķ䣬ֲΣжѾǿһĲΡ
ĺɽǧɽžַһ·˲ʥ۵٣һžֻȼλܹ̤㼫ʥ۵ǲܹ̤ʥģ˼ʥ۵һֱӣں˵£
ַѾ̽˵ص㣬ֱӳĺɽķȥۺǿƣٶȲû̫ͻΪеޣٶٲģôͻΪͽЩóٶȵȥȡ
ǵˡ˿ַ̣Ŀ⳯Զȥֻһɺ峺ĺˮΪİ̵µ׺ţúˮУں֮һǣ֮ͬǰ㣬ĺɽ塣
һƬɫĹžУĺɽȴһ羰ȷʵ⣬ۺϣҲʧΪһ֮¡ַ૵һ漴ƶ˳¿ȥ
һ̣˵Ŀ׷׳ַںһ෽ֻһλۣ֮ɫһ׹⣬·֮Ϊķ
ͬʱһһλŮƮƮǳɫȹԵøȻ֮ʱĿĹ⻪ȴǼΪ貣ȻƯŮˣҲͨ
ˣХͬʱַķȥƬ֮󣬰ħˮ棬ǿ˻ַվıЦ£ȴ˹
ħ꣡Ŀ˸֮ͥ˱ȼʥ۶Ҫϡ٣ȻǿﶼӵʵȻ̫ǣ˭ȥԸ
һλˣС
ǹŽа񣿡꿴ַ㣬ʵŽͥƻаܻ䣬ս񷺣ȫˣֻͥҪע֮µģͻ֪£ΪлĲ룬ûĻϢͲᴫô졣
˵ַ㣬Щ˵УѾСˣΪ˵ֻСΪһεˣվڵ۾εˣܶҲַƽ˿ңɼսǶȴôֵҫַֻ࣬õ˽һȦӵ볡ȯѡ
ĺɽַ㣬΢ЩȣȻ漴ҲеϾַ͵Ļ⣬ܵҲȻ
ַ΢΢ͷĬϣ꿪ڵܹõһħϿɣΪв֮ϴκͻ񷺣棬ȴ;ˣ˸о㣬ȻʵԺԷǱҲ֮¡
Ļƽûпַ˼ҲûȥֻͣǾ£־硢ּ𣬳˶ʵżΪִŵ׷֮⣬Ժܶ鶼úܵǲȥһˣҲȥһˣΪǶ޹أֻкйص˺£ǲŻͶȥעĿ⡣
ַ֮עⲻΪַ㱾ˣΪַӵһ
ɡ˿̣ƯŮ΢Цſ꣬ЦʵװʣӦûдˡ
ǧĿ⿴ŮӣɫƽŻǧóǧӵǧɱ֮յüˣһᡣ
ЦСŮˣܹ֮ԵᲢۡǧﺬЦ˵漴Ŀ⿴ħ΢ЦСÿɰ仹СأȻô
ħ޴˸漴һ죬ȻҲͬʱһХ֮Ȼ䴫ҲΪضֻǧӰƮˣЦɲҪĺûˣǻǽĺɽɣ
֮ղһЧȻ˿ڰħХַ㶢ŻǧıӰ֮ͬһ
תҲĺɽȥħһͳ˻漴ϲ̤˺Уĺɽ塣
һĺɽ壬Ѿ˽Ӵ׼ַһ羰ľס֮أĺɽ˲ˣǵȻֻҪԼ֮ǰϵ㹻ˣַһЩֻȲʮˣЩһ⣬һʢսǷǳǿµġ
ĺɽΪַǰŵľס֮ڰɽϣһһվܹԶĺˮ羰ǳãʱַڰɽĲݵϣԶķ羰
ԣҲɢļӰܵĺɽϵġ
а񣡡ʱһʹַɫ£ȴǣǹһĨЦ⣬Ҳյ룬ĺɽ塣
û뵽ôּˡٶȴ񷺣ַЩ⣬漴ЦˣɣĺɽϽ֮ϲ
Ҳ˵ôַ΢Цعͷ񷺣Աߵ¶µɫŽаƺǽİɣĺɽɽǶ


2322 
񷺣΢΢ǰһЦŵãԸôּˣŽ壬һô
ŽСֻһ˵õ뺯ܺͻȣʵǿ󣬻ַЦµʱ񷺣ЦһͣܶŽƿˣַ㻰е֮ףȻڷ
ʱһӰ񷺣ԣ߱񷺣Ըߣͷ˫Ŀɫƽȴһֲŭ֮Уܹϸоѹһվǣܹγһ񷺣ûиַָо
Χ˿˶Ŀ¶Ц⣬ĺɽϳ񷺣һĺɽʲô󵨵뷨򲻻Ὣ뺯ôˡ
죬֮ˣ񷺣ͬӦ񷺣ֳʥǿߣʵ񷺣ǿܶࡣ
ô³˵ߣŽƺһЩҲ߳һϣ㲻Ҫʧ쿴ַ㣬ƽĿȴĸһֵĸ߰оǶе͵ģںܶǰѾǼʥˣʥףֻһ֮ңʱпܲǽ֮ϡ
ַ建վƽĿ죬ȻܹоõвԶ񷺣ǿҶˣǿղƣȻǹŽаƣǰ΢΢һַǹһĨ֮Ц飬еˡ
ַĻӦɫûκεĲֻЦ£漴תȥ񷺣Ƕַһڴأ
˵ţҲ߿ˣڴʲô¾ֻ񷺣ԼˣȺףڴַԣԲʲô¡
ļգĺɽû¶棬ĺɽˣȴ½ѾжʮˣǷǳȻĺɽ˾ԲֻЩˣ˶ôпյģֲε˭ûԼ飬ܹˣٲֵһЩˡ
һ죬ĺɽ뺯Լڵˣ߳޹ֻһЦĺɽǼһҲû˰ɡ
Ѿ쵽ˣ֪ǼһﵽҪʲô
̫ϻ˶پ룬زͨ顣˵ַһ԰ţ֪ԭĺɽϸһֱĺɽ嵱Уǰ̫磬ĺɽΪ뺯Լڷ̵·ϡ
ĺɽǰ̫Ȼ֪ңҲ֪ҵĺɽϱ˵˼ĺɽ˼ĺɽϱˣ˶Ϣƿص˾̾ľͥƬ顣ַţڴʱֻһӰЦøλõˣүѾԡ£׼Ϊλӷϴͷɣ
һӰ˸·գ֮䣬ַҰоͶ˺Щһٶȶǿ쵽˼顣
Ǽһûˣʲôԡ£ôһһ˳ಲ˾ʹһɵĴãϵļűըУֱ۷ڼǰϣһޱȾ޴Ĵͷ˿һѡ
ôȲôΪһߵĶôɷ羰ԣһλ۵³һò͸ſҰ֮ź룬ԵþȣԴһϡ
ǣ졣һͻأĴԴ̶ִ֮⣬Ⱥ֮ǰһ꣬޳ְ棬ϴһĹ⻷ϣһС
ղ˵Ŀⶢ꣬ɫȻһ⣬зŵϢɨ
Сǰ˵㣬ҳʱ㻹ûأų۵ĿҰǰһ³һĿת˾ͽ˵Լ𣿡
˾ͽɫһݣһЦηһһ
ƨھ͸һܡǴŴõĳಲֻ֮˵˾ͽɨһۣЦҪеǻᡣ
߰ɣĺɽҪʲô£ֻһ۵ﵭ˵ûʲôһ˸ͬʧԭأЩ˿һͷԣĺܣһŷḻֻͬһȦӵȺвŻֵˣں󱲵ǰǶǳĬԣŭĴڣһ˾η־塣
Ƭ֮ˣ˸һֻ֮ǰһµվǣ΢ЦĿˣλյ뺯ܹĺɽϸм
ͱԼˣĺɽϣǿɲΪյ뺯
ǣǿûй򡣡
Ⱥƺ˿ĺɽӣһ˵ĺɽҲ⣬ֻЦˣλͱˣɣ¡
áȺͷͬĺɽϲУֱ࣬Ŀһ볯λĺɽȥֻ˾ͽԵĺɽϣڿ˵˰ɡ
˾ͽôɻһû䡣ĺɽЦ£ȺλӦöѾ֪Ҹմ̫ǰЩʱգǰ̫ΪȴһЩȤ顣
ʲô£СĿ¶һĨ֮⣬ʵ
ߴ֮һ̫ħߵ飬վϯλ֮˳һֱںʱΧ˺ʱ⣬Ȼһ˽̫ħߣǿ֪ϢĺɽϿڵ
˵ˣĪǳʲôɫ£ʵ
˵Ǹ̫֮ħ̫ħеģǻôĺɽƽ˵ʹȺɫ£˻棿
Һͳһ棬Ϊϯλ֮ˣȷʵţǼĵص㣬̫ħ֮⣬ĵʶȻҲ֪һַ͵ڶڤǷ㣬ҲϳǸĺɽƽ˵ʹ˶Ծǰϯλ˶߿һۣĺɽϣϳһ
ַҲǸѩ岻ͱֵĺܲ𣬶ң׷ɱûɱ㹻ˣֻǲ֪ǳಲӵ˵ʱ񷺣üͷ壬ַ֣ԣ̶ܴ
ʵв˶ˣǱɱǰʮϯλߣַͳⲢǶЩͣˣʶ


2323 ̽ؽ
ƺԸַ˵ĺɽϣǷۼ̫֮ħ
ĺɽ΢΢˵ͷ̫ħв̫ħ˴ڣֻн֪ȥˣͼѻ߳ˣҵĳСҳȻȥˡ
ǹ춢ĺɽϣɫ΢¡
̽ؽأ̫ħߡĺɽ³һʱɫһüɫ̫̽ħߣأĺɽϺôĵӡ
ʱС΢΢ĺɽϣ̫ħ˳ʲôĺɽϣǷ֪Щʲôûиǣ
ǿҼһ̫ħˣӣֻһֱһȣһֻ۾ͷ­ֻʣ°ߣǣһץֱ˵ľѪͬǰ񲻿һ̫ħߴ꣬һЩʲô˭Ҳ֪ѵλȥ̽һ
ĺɽϿȺ˵ʱɫ˸˭ߴ֮£ȻȻǽأΣԿ֪Ǽ֮˸ҽȥͨ˾̤ģʥ֮˶ȥðΣգȻҲһЩǿĴʥȥȥ̽أǲñ֪ΪˣûнӴʸ
̫ħˣַɫ˸أۼһǿµ磬ôߴأУǷҲͬһӵһ磬Ⱥ
½ֻҹǳھͥԣңԶ˲Ϊ֪ھͥĻ¾˵Ŀˡ
ȺĬˣڵ۾һΣǶվڶһЩˣǺʥ׵ǿһ̽أôǶʵûκģΣһǣôûǵķݣȫĺɽΪǶʥˣһεʺͬУʥҪȥ̽صĻôҲֻʥһ
ǵȷȥ̫ħ߿Ҳ뿼Σԡ
ĺɽϣûֱǰȥ̫磬ѡΪ׼˰ɣԸһȥ̽أȻȥһˡ˿̣ǧƽ˵һʱ˶Щʲôˣ᲻׸Ե뷨ĺɽϼȻҪ̽ؽأȻȫԸ׼̣ǿɲܴҴҾ͸ȥˡ
ȻǧﲻŮ˽ܣʹ졣ĺɽ΢Ц
ҲȥˡǳಲӴŴõĴ󺺺һǰӶš
ɽȥ˾ͽôܾĿಲһۣ˵Ҫһǰȥ̽ػ᲻ҽȥôˣҲ׳һЩܷһκ䶯Ĵж
Ҳͬ⣡½ͷﶼһ̤̫ħߣô۾ˣûЩ˶ԣܶ˶ڳʥ׵ıԵ̽ؾȻΣգҲһλ
ַ㿴Ⱥˣɫ˸ţ̫磬һ˰ɣҲҪʶһߴʲôڡ
Ҳȥַ㿪ڵʱ񷺣عͷַһ⣬ƴһĨЦ
ʹ죬Ȼλû̫̫ħ֮ĺڷ棬ҶѶʽңʱһʱ֪ͨλĺɽϿ˵˵г̲ͬôϵĵص㣬ֱӶ̫̫ħ⡣
áȺ׷׵ͷ˴Ѷʽ漴ǶȥַҲͰħһ뿪˿̰ħԵΪ˷ܣҪȥ̫ˣַȥ̫絽̫ħߣû̫ĸ
ڰħϣַо⳯Ŀתַ㿴񷺣
̫񷺣ַ³һַ͸һĨЦ⣬а̫
СһȥڷûУַŰħʵ
ûУ˵ڷͳһȺڷзѪʵڹʱǷһֻΪԱŰʱ˷ײ޷ѹסг˷壬⵽˴ϴʱգѾûǿֻԼ˳ƺţѾôˡ
̫ħߣ֪ܷַеǼһǸǳΣյҪаͺ̵ָȻҲҪûڣ֪ʲô̶ȡ
ĺɽ۾ۻ׼ǰ̫Ϣܿ촫˳ȥʹòľǾȻҪȥߴ֮һ̫ħߣǵطǼΪΣգȻֻǴ˵ŷɥĺɽȺӹȻܴ
УԤַ⻯ϢĿ΢£漴Цֽ̽ߴصԽԽˣ˵̽ҲȻǰû֮ŵߴصԽԽܶߴصĿ£ѾͲ֪һֲǵûһ˾ܾԭ򡣡
ַɫ£ȷȺ˶ĸ֮ˣ֪صĿֲжֲѾûоĸˡ
СġԤûȰַ㲻ҪǰַԼ·ԼߣɵǰĵעҪߴأһܹ赲ǰĲʱɨ磬ʲô
ĺɽϡ졢˾ͽԵһҪǰ̫ħߵִʹĿԽԽ࣬ǼǧȺ֪䶯һ̽ؽص¼ˣȻЩкܶ̽أΪ֪ûôĺ䶯һȺǰܶ˵Ŀ⣬ʼ۽̫̫ħˡ
ЩȺҲڿʼ̣ǰ̫磬аַ㣬Ҳͬ·ϡ
̫Ƕھͥ磬ʥ磬ھͥļַ㰴·߱ǣ˼δͣͥļ֮أڰ֮ǣڰ֮ǣǾ̫ͥͨڡ


2324 ħͨ
̫ͥΪ磬Ȼǲֹģ֮кڰ֮ǵĴڣΪһЩһЩ޵ĽףڰУôĿŵˣڰǱʱѪ¼ЩʱΪǵвпύ׶Ѫϴ
Ҳ켣ڰ֮ǵʵԽԽҶһЩѪӼ󣬵ȻҲֻѡԵޣĻ̫緢ģĸҲܲ
ޣȻҲˣ̫УĴ޵㼣ǣȴΣգͬʱܱɱ޵ĵ̡
ַͰħմӺڰ֮Ǵ̫磬ǰһƬãã޾ɭ֣ڰ֮ɭȫޡ
Ũַ㿴ǰĺڰ֮ɭһ
ĺڰ֮ǣǶĳޣֻҪҪޣǱὫ֮˺ɷ顣ħ˵ַ΢΢ͷţһ˫˫ϿɨӶ
𣡡ħһʱ룬ַֻ¿һſɭֻɽУһЩյ޶ͣ˸߰ͷ­עѪͳߵһѪͳľη
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죬¿պܶ˺̧ͷĿ˸ڷһϵļһƺǸ࣬Ҳ̫ûϢˣȻԸ
ʱһɾʯѵɵɽ֮ϣһ칬칬֮ϣһӰĿԶʳ߶ħһâûϢ
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ħĿⶢŶԷ³ڰϢ޴ͫ͸һɱŰɱ֮÷ļһ
һͷϻַ㿴¿յĳ໢ɾ֣ʵǿᣬһŭʹն
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ϢҲʵȥַ˵
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䣡ֲײʹҵķħʻһֱߣֱ۵۷·𶼳ѺۣǹɳޱȵڣоҪѪǳ໢ĵǴأɽĳߡ
໢΢΢ȻûϵħȻҲôֻŭһ˻һӰǰ˳ȥһ𣬻֣ǶͷϿŵ֣𵴣ͬʱڰħϣƳһӰӣֱӳ˺ҧ˹ȥҧڰħϡ
ħϿµĺڰħӽĺڰ죬ħ漴ֱѿΪֲħͬʱŶԷ˺˹ȥ
𡢺𡢺𡭡ħ˺ҧס໢һǧ֮ϣͬʱֲŭܽ˵ĻǶ
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໢ĿһҪҲħ
һ޺𴫳໢·ͷŻ棬ͬʱŭԼûĻȻʱ֮ϵӴȻ䳯¿ճ˹ȥ˲ϢϢֱӽû嶼档
⡭һĻԶӰ޲еĿģ𺳲죬̵˳
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ʵҲҪҿعţħ˵漴ֻԶĳ໢³һ𣬶ʱһޱȾ޴ĺڰ֮͸˿ռ䣬˲Ϣ칬ǧٿףʹó໢ɫ˼£ŭһҹţ׼ŭɡ
˵ţ໢ԶȥʹԶ֮Ŀⶼ£໢ȻˣûмսĪҪȥ붯ϹɣϹǼۣʵεһڷһ


2325 
ħŶԷȥıӰ޴һħ⣬³һļһ
˵ţתַ˹ȥ͸żֵɫЦϴô
ܲǵ츳ͨôܹħַħԴ΢Цŵ
ҵ츳ܹͨϱǿӵħ൱һսһҪǿķܹʱ䲻ħ΢΢Դַϲ˲䣬ַǰ·ɱŴһ棬ӵӴȴǸСӰ㣬ЩĿ⿴ߵ˶۾ڰħǳħ
ĳԱӵвͬ츳֮ͨôַʵ
ҲһЩûУ츳ͨҲҪѵģԵ츳ͨһ
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ħͲôʵˣΪޣ̫ϲʤͥ˿̵ȥйȥˣﶼޣȺĸо
ʱħıϻһˣȴַ㣬һλĸƯŮˡ
Сһ㻹ûʱҿɾڸߣҿĽ㣬ԹԵýһ£ҪΪȥСЦ˵ûأָоĳǳأܴ̼
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ܵܣԶʱħûΪΣСһһ֮ϣŲٵĺþƺòˣСſ˿е㵹θˣЩ˶Ѫܵģ޵Ѫ٣Сų׵ûθڡ
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ֱӺ˵õܸܵˡ
ȻŮҡҡͷǲУҪѪɲһѪûҪˣǵܵܲһãѾˣҲһøҡ


2326 ڷĹ
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ŮӿСŵĲһۣ漴һָСڲϵЦСòҪĻˣĵܵ׼׳ѪأֻҪһõȥȣҺڷһ档
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2327 ĹΣ
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ڣַ̧ͷգȻ䣬֮
𣡡ЩڷӰַȻգϳһޱȿµУͬڶ㣬ֱӽЩڷӰ˽ȥЩڷӰţȻǺڶԽԽ£޿赲
ڷӰϵŤţȻɱûַڣӲ̵ַڿնһ֮Ƭأ·һ̣ɵһУЩ洦ƮĲлȫַӿı̵
·֮۶ɡ꿴еַ㣬ɫ΢΢£ܳԾ
Զһڹ·ƿһУַ˹ַͫ׶Ȼһ˫۾Ҫڰ統а㣬Ϊ¡
ǿѪһַ㳹׵˿նУܣһڷ֮ӰԶޱȵĶ
һʱһڷȫַ˹ȥַɫ̣֮ҫȻճƬգַӰȻʧһӰ֮ǰĹʥȭϮɱӰըѵ
ȻַȴоһɼΪΣյϢĺڷﲻϵ·û
ɱַɫ䣬֮£Բ֮ϯһڷֹȥ漴Ͻɱһڷ䡣
ַϢԽԽ£ĨɱźڷǣЩڷ·𲻻ٰ㣬ûַǿҲԶսȥ
ʲôãַվգΧĺڷɣϢ΢ЩǵˣĪʥô
¡¡ռ궯ֻһֻڵĴƬռ䣬Ȼ䳯ַץ˹ȥַһɱȻǴַ·õİ㣬ɽնȴȻ漴ٶʵַ˹ȥ
ַ屬ˣĺڷͬʱʹɫøѿѹֺڷ׷Ĺȣ漫ΪΣգſµĴڡ


2328 ʥ׹
ǰĴȻ߿ɱַ㼸û˼ʱ䣬ѹ¡һ죬˻һޱȿµĽɨѹţ貵Ľâ˺һУĺڷȫ˺Ŀ¡
ˣǰޱȵĴֱӿ˾޽֮ϣݺݵţʱƽâնŤֻӡֱӳһУץ˾޽֮ϣַֻоһɿֲļӲ
һ˻𣬾޽ڰĿռ䣬һ̣޽ַ˺ڰĶУǰһ˫ڵ˸еֲһϵĺڷӰӴޱȣ͸ſµϣѾ֪˶¡
磬ڶԸ޾ĺڷֻɫأǰһӴޱȵĺڷͬ߰㣬Χ޾ڷ·ָӡ
ǱҪ뿪кüĺڷͳ졣꿪˵ħȴʧַ㣬ϴȥˣ
Сɫţ˫ֽţʧַ㣬ϣû顣
ܲôˣǴȱͻΧЩҲƱ곯һֻվյУԡ׵⻪ͬһµ㣬СĺڷӰ޷ֱӱ
𣡡ħŭХһһڽڷ֮Ӱ̵ϴ󣡡
ߣҲ޼£Ϊ׸һħչСŽ㣬ȥϴ󣬶лˡ
˵ţħС͵ǰʹɫ£ħ޴ͫףͷ΢ȣ˵ͷãҡ
һ䣬Сž˹ȥħлˣ
˵꣬ħŭХһŹȵ˹ȥؼޱȿµĺڰӰÿһצڷ˺
ͷͷ˰ħһۣƬɽȺܴ󣬸ղŶԸַļһһＶģͰħܹܵڷĹУӦôһߣͳһС
Ȼ䱬һкƶп׵³ǰһͷڷӰ˺峯ǰĳȥü֮·ɫΪ£з·̺ޱȿµ׹⡣
˿̣ڶ֮УַӰţʱַ㣬ǽΡ
ǿ塣ַͷݣǿֲӰзĹ⣬ҵʥѣôڣҡ
£ͫ׸䣬޾ĺڷﳯž޽˺˹ȥ·Ҫ޽˺
ˣµɱɨ˺һУЩڷȫַ㻯Ϊ𣬶ŶԷŭ
£ãһ̣ӰڱôģأĳַǰһµĺڷϷ·кܶ˫۾㣬ȴֻܰԴϵ˫۾£·ܹݵȥ
˿̣˫۾ܣɫ΢΢ַ㿴ţ
ַ֪ͷµĹһʥ׵Ȼʥǿߣ޷Ըֻ뵽Ҳַоʥ׺ʥ֮µĲжǿҡ
ҵ磡ַ˵֮ϣϢ۶ַ㣬̼䣬ϢӵĿ£磬ף֮һС
޷ط򣡡Ǻڷɫ£ɫúѿַ㣬磬һλ۾֮ˣôӵ磿
磬Ҳ֮Ȼ䣬ĺڷ·ͬʱſصգʹַɫӲһ˫˫۾·Ƕһ˵ĺڷ뵽ȥ
ɱַһʱ֮أϽԼͬʱŶԷȥǶԷ壬Ӵڷһ˫˫۾ú䣬Ȼ俪ʼ룬ͻأ䣬ڷͬʱֻ֣Щ۾ͷŵĹ⻪˸еĪĿ־塣
һصյУ̼䣬ַ·𱻰˽ȥƬڰ֮ڣ漴ļ쳯˺ҧҪû
ַȻ룬û⻯ȫŶԷ˳ȥͬʱ棬׵ĴǱ߹Էûַ㱾һ˫۾ǰĴһƣ̺Ϊµ̼˫۾ͱ˺ѵɿ档
ӲģȻ䣬һ˫˫צַ˺޴㣬ַ΢ʱҫͬʱֻֻһڷץס˹Ļ֮ϣͻأ仯Ϊֱۣһͷ¹ޣ͵ĳŶԷ˹ȥڷû
ַɫ䣬ͷϿճһ޸·ΪӰӣ֮֮ЩƬ統кһе
ʱַ㽫ǰδеľУ·Ҫʥ׵Ĺ
ˣĻ飬µļ֮쳯˹
ַ֮·뵽Լ֮УԷӴҵײһ飬ַٴγ֮ʱ˫ۺӵоֱſѪڣһڷڣȻ˳ȥڵȴ·ڲϵַƺ·ӡ
УҪҵıģַͷ΢ĿɨӣȻһ˫˫۾·Ѿû𣬸ҲںδԷȻ޷編һ̶̵ֱܽὫķѡ
ַ֣Ȼֹ⻷ƣǿĸӦ˫֮жֿ
䣡һƺڻ˹ַն겻͸漴ìƿգɱַĳ˹ȥ
ɱ˫ɨʱǰĺڷﻯһַ̣˶Է֮ϣݺݵĲȥȻһ̣ȻӶԷ͵Ľס漴ȥҪ뵽ԷȥַֻоԼһıš
ʹдַϣ͵ȡϵľʹַɫ԰
Ϊҵһְɡٶȴ˳ûз
ַȻſŭһħ𵴣ʥ֮ն˳ȥϵĴֲϵı˺ѵַȻһ˳ȥ䣬Ķǰһ˫۾
޾ĺڷﳯɱ赲ǰеĲȻַ׵ɨڵ֮һУǰ·һŵ㣬ַ䣬Ķǰһ˫۾


2329 
ַ㶢ŶԷͬʱ˫޴ͫҲַͬ㣬һ˫ޱͫףףͫ·Ҫַ㳹׵ݡ
˻ַֻо۾ʹȻ䣬֮ͶԷ֮ʱ·ҪݽȥԽѳ
ֲĺɫƳַ˹ȥȻַֻһǰûκεϵϢ赲ǰĺڷﶼҪ
ַۡۡۡĽڵ˫֮ǰݺݵĴУȻһַ̣ĽŶԷݽȥȫûУʧ
ַɫȻò԰˫۾ɻڣڵѪ
ôַ㿴˫Ѫ쵽˼㣬漴ƽݺΧ棬ַֻоԼ壬뵽Է嵱УϵľѪһıţԷҪ壬׵뵽Է棬оԼ꣬Ҳڶš
ַк꣬һ磬ô̵ܱ뵽Է棬硣
Ȼַźƺûã꣬ȻҡˣϵϢԽԽ΢
ΪʲôҴˣԷͲʵ壬һֱ壬ڷĹекڷǲл۶ɣûġַԺ뵽磬ʼ硣
ҵ磬ףҵ꣬һƬ磬ôܱɵַ·ҪԼϵͻĴڡ
ҲӵɷƬأ磬Ϊɵ硣ַŭɵ֮Ӧ硣
ռԽԽ֮Ƭ֮·ҪΪɣַϢ΢ͷִȴڷıǿΨͱȱڣܹŤתܾ֣ܣ
Ϊף飬˭ɵң磬ܿܿΨҶ𡣡ִַڱǿǿ־·ͨص¡һ·ʲô㣬漴Ӵһźڷ֮Ӱȥ
̼䣬ǺӰ
ôܣôһ·𲻸İ㡣
ַ̣ŭһһɿֲͨⷽ磬·ҪΪƬ飬źӰϵıСɵֻɲ֮䣬·Ҫ׵ʧ
ˣµĺڶгǣѾ׵ʧȥڷӰӣַ³֣ϵϢҵţĿգֻһ㣬ͱɵˣԷֻ꣬ʥȴӵһʥ
̧ͷַĿ⿴Ƭ磬ԽԽ׺ˣ׵Ҳڱǿʵľһ֮·ҲһΣ㲻磬棬սҲܹǿ󼸷ˣһ磬ҲܹأʹԼƿƬգʱǿ
ʱַֻϥϢĻָƽȣղɵһµĴ˽ȥȻҪúһ
ʱεĶȹַɶԷ֮ٽǹֳ·ܹܻԷʥܹһƳΡ
ַʶУʥһοʼܻܻɶԷַ֮оԸӵΪһʹ֮ƣǿַһ뷨
ģַԼ統У·ʱ䡣
棬ַڵĶѾ׵ˣħػǣͬһֲĹַڵĶ֮ϣκ˿˿̣ڵѪ֮ѪȻ۾ô䣬ɨΧĺڷ
ڰħܣźܶ壬ǰһոձ˺ѵĺڷѪģ·Ѿһġ
ħϿգڷ֮ӰŰħ޲ýħʳ̵
𣡡һħŲţŭѪҺɣҲ֪ϴڿ»ڴսκ˶ϴ塣
ĹϿշЩӰɻǵ¿գֻΪ׵һλ߿ڵħȻΪһԸˣѵãϧԸҺڷһĽأ
ϣ˻û᲻⣿
ߣӦǺܶڵĲлں壬ǧͷǧۣѾ˶ԷĮĿ˵Ҳʱ򣬺ڷһ֮⣬кüӰУȻԼСС
磬Ҹ粻֪û¡СЩһֱַܹ㣬ʵҲƾԼһ˵Ժڷһġ
ļգĺɽԼ˽ڷ֮УסСѾͷİ󣬾˼ˣһڷһ塣
һˣꡢǧಲӳɽСţһǸӣ֣һܹһһһλƯŮˣҷǳʣºͣվ߾ܹоůǳ
ͬʱźڷһ̤˽ȥֻڷһӰڿգˣ
ɽŭһǵɳǰнʹЩڷһǿ߶ɫÿȺǺڷһ徹Ȼô񣬼ֱǷ֪ǵϢƺǿҲࡣ
Ǻڷ壡һ˵Ȼһֻ̣һ貵׵ֱɱ̼˵屻ըɷ飬ʧյУʹ˵ɫȻüΪѿϢʼͷš
ģɽһ˹ȥ̼·һ޴ޱȵɽǰ˳ȥ¡һ죬һЩڷֱӱɽ¿˹ȥ¡¡Ŀ첻ϣݻһУ˲䣬ڷһ嶼
һӰƿնڿնȻɳǰţһУ·һ𣬾ûܹ赲ǵĲ
֮䣬Ȼ֮εɱƬգһ죬һӴڷӰ·ɸ壬ʵ÷飬Ѫ׷ɣʹЩڷ޲ͷţ⼸ļһܿ£ֱӾɱ˵ģˣǺڷһ壬ɱˣ̫ˣûǷС


2330 սڷ
ꡢɽˣǶǺεǿߣھͥʥ׵ǼǳưԵĴڣʥ֮ˣ˶ǱȽٽӴģ˸ΪԾͬ׼ǰ̫ħߣһȺ֣ûʥ׵˲ʥ׵Ҫ̽ؽأҲԼǰ
ЩˣԴ߰ģΪʱС֮⣬λּǿߣԸʥ֮µˣǴݿ࣬Ѵܹ֮ɱ١
ڷһһЩǿ･ĳ֣ȻǺܿķ֣۶ǿˣֻҪ赲ǰеĲС֮ˣ·Ѿǿһּޣһʱܵ
ܿ죬˺ڷĹ֮أĹȱԵЩǿ̧ͷȥɫȻ£λϣһΪ֮⣬Ȼȴ΢΢Щˣǿ
ֻۣһЩ漴˵ڿգȵʲôҺڷɱ¾
˵ˡһ漴֮Ϻ裬ݺݵĳ¿ɱ£춼֣ȺڷӰ˲ϢŰӴܣȻмλȽ˱У˲䱻ɷ顣
ǿߣó׵йأ׵籾ԹԵóΪ׵֮ĵ֮Բĵɱ£һЩĺڷλܹ
ɱǰԡ׵֮⣬һµ㣬һͷʱʮ׵ɱԷԴֱɱ˺ܶǿߣʹǻ޴ڷɫΪѿ
ԲĵЩڵ۾ǳưԵĴڡɫأԷһôµǿߣǰݻһС
̿ǰУɨһУһǿ䣬ڷŭһѾأʥҪ𣿡
ʥףһڷ򱾾ͲǿŻᱻͳ죬һЩ岻ᶨ̫ħ֮⣬ֻǿ᲻򣬲һ忴̫ýˣǺڷһǿˣҲһʥϼһɡ
Ӵĺڷɫ£漴ĵֻǰʥҲɱǣʥ֮½ϣ಻ֲ
ǻҪս°ʥɽŭһʱըѣؼ·һޱӴĹɽ¿˹ȥҪݻһС
㣬ǺڷϺһǴһɽҪݻǺڷһ壬ֱܴ裬Ȼʵǿ󣬵Ͼֻһˣʥۼкܶ࣬ʥۺʹԲʥ۲ж󣬶Է׾ͿԴݻʥǴԲǼޡ
Բʥۣܶʱʥ˶Ҫϡ٣ǽգһγ˺üλǿƹǺڷ
Ҳͷˡ˳ǰѹȹȥɫ࣬ǾͥˣҪǰ̫ħߵȺˣΪ
Ⱥаļһʵ˶ģҿߡܿ죬ѹǰԲĵͬʱͷţ֮޾ɷ·ͣϢʱֻʣһˣڷﶼǿɱˣһִôĶ֪
ܿ죬ﱻΧ棬Ӵ΢΢·˿־壬Բɱһˣ׾ٵɱ
䣡ʱ򣬺ڷУһɿµϢһĨʥͬʱмԽϢҲˣҲʥһεĶϢǳĿ¡
Һڷһʥˣǻס֡ĺȵ
ɱ³һˣɱ˳ȥܿ죬дҽǺڷһûеȵʥ׵ǿߵѾˣΪ˳
һֲ̣ĺڰͬʱĿ⼫Ϊɨǣǹȵɱ·ҪݻٵһС
ǣҪΪӴĺڰŷ³һµĺڰ֮Ϣһ˫ڰ۾ͬĵһ˿һ۶о
˿̣ڷĹȵУħɻڵֿ޾ĺڷϮ·ûйϵ㣬޾Ļǣûʶ
ħӴһεѪĿģϵ۶ˣ顣
ϴ󣬼סһҪսʤԷһػסġħͫɨգٶŭһǼĺڷڴ˿̣ǱĶ棬ƺһϢʹðħ嶸Ȼ˲źһҪϴϢһҪ
ôЩգսӦ÷ֳʤˣϴϢôпܡ
СһˣһӶħ˫˲ˣ޴ͫ׾ޱȵ峺·һεˮӮˣϴսʤ˶֡
¡¡촫ֻħӴȻĵȥݺݵ˵ϣ·𳹵׵˰㣬˫޴ͫ峺˸ڼס˰
۾ϣħȻСΪһСַ̮Ӱ˰ħԣӣַ˫ַڰħϣ޾ŰħӿȥͬʱָŰħƣʹЩ˿ڲϵĽϡ
ħ۾漴ſ¶һĨӵЦ⣬ϴ󣡡
СһϢɣַ΢Ц£漴ħʧ
ַĿ̧𣬻Ȼ䣬һֲı亮⣬׵ŰյУЩڷ︩£ַͫȻ仯˿ֲĺĻȫУһ̣Щĺڷ·һƬڰռ䡣
֣һɿµַ㻯޵׶һУܿ죬ЩڷӰ׵ʧ̵ַ
ַ̧ͷĿɺڰ䡢Į޾ֻһʱ޾ĺڷﳯַֻһУһնտٳһŵɱһС
ϵĺڷѾַɵȻӵ޾ڷҪߵĻ˭ܹ赲ֻҡϣһڷﲻϵ
ܿ죬ַ嵽˺ڷĹ֮⣬ҲЩսȺ
ꡢǧǣַɫ΢΢£Ϊ졣
磡ʱСźһʹַĿȻת漴¶һĨЦ⣬ڶԸµĺڷҺСһΪҪӪԼزʶҲѵá
Сţַ˳ȥ磬ڷҪ赲ַĮͫɱȥ̼Ǽڷﳯ¿׹ȥһ


2331 ֮ͫ
Ҳַ㣬ֻһɫŽа˺ڷĹȵУȻܻųȷʵѵá
磡Сŵ¶˲õЦ⣬ַ㻹úõģҲˣ⼸ǿСһֱţǳַʲô飬ãַϢǿᣬûκε飬ĿԳ׵ķˡ
ֻ꣡һڷѣַӰߣս֣˶սˣңˣеļ˿µıڷУһλʥǿڣңˣʵҲǳ£ϹＶģӦǺڷļˡ
ַźڷǰ汻ϳѪϡͣԽԽȻˣѾһ˥ʱڣһʥ˶òѹֻܵƬ̫ħƬ
̫ħߣߴ֮һΪΣյĴڣаĺܣЩϵǿʥ壬ֵطǣˣȴܻǿΪпҪ̤̫ħС
ַ㽫СŽ˹һԣΪҪչСţһֱûа취ȫſսӵı¶ԺͶԷ⡣
ڷǿʥĻǧԼںսǧֳһħ٣Ӷµ˼£ڷҪ뵽սֵ̾ͱɱɵನܲ𣬸˵սҲһΪıһ޴룬ôʱ򣬴е·ѣԷ·ҲҪһѵһĿ±
ƷʥˡַɨһۻǧԼеı·ܹܵеһʥ̫ǿûɽֿµʥ֮ѹǸƷʥ
½½һʥǾˣһʥ֮ػʥ壬ħ׼ֿµˣھ̫ͥ磬ʥȻûֵλһ÷ּЩҪôҪôǼΪǿˣӵмΪı˿̾ͼ˰Ʒʥڣûа취֪ϵĵƣǷгƷʥ
Щ˵ĵλĺʥۣͬѪˣϼʥҲȫܴڵģ̽ߴ֮һ̫ħߡ
ȻЩӵʲô͵ƣַ㶼ΪмǵģϾεжΪ
ʥǿ߹Ȼǧ˽ƷʥֻǿӦռƣڣҪȽһַĿɨһսˣɽϢº͵ƯŮˣǷֱսһĺڷңƯŮ˵ϢַоϤ
֮ˣַоǹºϢаһһϢСŵӰʧԹŽаݳ֣ǿĽܹת˾ȣǲɽ֮£ĹŽھͥҲйʢʱڣ¹˵۱ֳʲôͽйص츳˻ɡ
С磬ַҲû˹˼ɣֻһǳһʥۺڷȥٶȼ죬˿̣ǳɽڶԸڷ
ַ㿪˵ɽӰˣӴĺڷַȥĿ⼫Ϊ䡣
ȥĮַ³һ̣Ӵֻоʱձ任ӰȻһƬڰռ֮С
˫ͫƬڰռ䣬ôֻǿַ۾ѣͻȻ뵽档
þڷﰵһ漴ХһϵĸԼǼ󣬵ûã棬ûаþĸоеĵһƬռ䣬ͨδЩ̫ˣһݵһռȥ
ַںڷĹȵУԷʹõʥ˶Է֮󣬵õһЩһȫµֶͨΣȻ֮ܳΪʥ٣ŷǳµãܹɲ֮ݣͨĹȷǴӻþʼģȻֻҪһɲǣܹþתΪð龰Է˿̣뵽һֻþУȴǽʶĻþ˶档
ҵ磬ѾǸˣһĮʹڷͣҪҵԴͷȻֻһɿµڽ٣ϣиֿµĹ
Х֮޴ĺڷӰϣһɫ׸ֿͻأĹ
ûõģΨһĹޡһħ𣬳塣
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ͨɽ˵ַɽÿˣȻַûʧ
ҽȥ㡣ɽ˵漴ƬܹĻþ֮ȥܿӰ˴սټַһûöãսһĺڷܵĻᶼûУַͳɽϡ
ַĿջأɽŲһַ̤ߣҽȥʱҲоһƬռ䣬ҲǹŽǿͨ𣿡
ַҡҡͷڵǲǰԼһͨͽ֮ͫɣ
Լͨɽһǽ̫ħߣ֣ͨҵĹܹӸǿ
áַЦ£漴Ŀ⳯һȥŮҲսӲĽҪܵǿڷɱˣڣֻʣʥĺڷ
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նʥˣȻֻǸʥģҲܹ񫡣ɽЦһϣҲһͬһƷʥûּı־ڶԷǰɺѿģΧҲûãΪֵסԷĹ
˶׷׼Լʱǰʥĺڷܵĩգû뵽ڷһûл׷˵УȴڼֱĪķ̣
˫ͫһɨ⼸ˣˣʵôľǿһּޡ


2332 ǰħ
ַҲһ򻯱𱦶֮ƿأ޷ӵеʵıǿ򻯱ҲԽԽǿ󣬿ǿ߶ʢʱʹõ򻯱пһʥһλ󽳶ԣûκá
򻯱ļӲ̶ȣַѾԹջʥ׷ɱʱ򻯱ܹһޱȼ̣ʥﶼ޷
Ӵޱȵĺڷɨţ·ѡͻƿڣҪɱȥ֪ǰʥλ޼ҶаƷʥܿģֻ·һ
գĿַϣΪΪַʵַǰƯ򻯱ͷŵϢġ
ͣһĿĺâͫɱ漴峯ַȥٶȣ쵽ֻʣһӰ
ַ֮ͫͫװգΣǰֶȥ
Ǻڷ˲ͣһ֮ͫУǰ˿ȴԭأڷҲʶˣֻڷ֮Ӱĳǰȥʱַֻо۾ʹǹа֮֮ͫУ·Ҫ̴
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սɽĿ£˳Էǰٶȷĺһ
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㵹ġҶΪȻĵͷ
ÿչˡӿҶƣ΢Ц˵Ҷǿߣó̫ħΣյĵطǾ޴ġ
һ˵ţѾһ̳֮ϣĺɽϵ˺ȻѾˡ
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˵飬Ȼ˵㣬Ҷ𣿡أΧˡ
ˣҪ̫ħߵϢ¼ˣڶǵĻʮˡĺɽ˵漴ǰ̫ħˣ˵̫ħһǿޱȵĽֻܵһĸ߶ȣҼΪһȥǷɢ룿
ȺĿ⳯ԶȥǷλ·һԶŵϢ˵ͷ˼֡


2333 ̫ħ
̫ħߣվߴ֮һıԵشˣֻҪǰ̫ܲħ档
Ȼ̽ؽأȻֿãôһΣգֱһȫûһ˿˵˶΢΢˵ͷȷȻսǿ󣬶ԼţǻûпΪԼԺ̫ħߵУȻﱻΪߴ֮һʥˣһǾ·Ϊ޹أֻҪΣտ¾͵Ȼȫһ
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ͬҶƵĻô֣һСΣգһ鼴޷ӪȣҲԿһЩħеͷͬ˵ĺɽϿˣλʲôû
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ǺãʮˣԼСɡĺɽ˵ʱȽˣʼһ𣬳Ϊһ飬ȻҲҪʵʵǿ˶Ըһ飬Ϊûмֵ
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ַȴûаɵĸо෴˿ǵɫǰδеأѪغǰɽ֮ϣһӰѪȾĳվǣ·̫ʱôһֱվǣǣͬһһǽ̫ħ߼ĵһӰ
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ĬƬ֮ӰͻȻ䶯ˣʹǵͷ΢΢һ漴ǿӰתǣһɲǣѪɫħ·޾Ѫɫħ⵱УһۣǸоĿ־塣
ֻаף·ħⸯʴˣȴġ
ģˣѵҲ̫ħеˣһڡ


2334 µħͷ
ַǶôǰħͷ
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ЩħͷɵʲôڣҲħͷôַԶɽ壬ǵ֮˵ԱߣƺֳһӰţӰźۣˣ


2335 ħʯߣ
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ΣգƬ̫ħߣﲻΣգǣôǵǰΪֻܿš˻عͷȰˣΣգҲҪһԣڣֻԼǿˣŸĿܡ
˵꣬ɽȵУܿ죬һʥǰһѪɫħֻһʱµҪʥ
͡һѪⶸȻɱ˵ֱһΪӦͱˣ궼ֱĨַǷ˷׼ģǸ
Ѫɫħ漴ֽİȥ¹ƽղһİԵȴ̵ӡȺԺС
߰ɡַ㿪˵ĿģҲ֪Լߵֻ֪Լ̫ħߵҪȥ¶ˡ
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ǲˡַŲͣʣµļˣҶơɽӣˣתۼˣûֹˣֻĿţǣ뿴Щͬ飬̫ħС
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Ǻݣֻһ˵ǽŲǰ̤ܿ죬ַǰ棬Զһħɽȥ
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ַǵĽŲͣǰĿռ䣬Ժһ̫ħߣ
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ô죿Ҷ૵һǣȻߵħǰǵľ޹ףܵһѹ
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2336 ħ
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䣬¶ϵˣǴ̹ǵ䣬̫ħߣʵǷ·̫ŵħ档
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ǽˣҶƶ˾ͽʵ
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2337 Ϲ
֮ϵѪ¶ˣַ̧ͷһգɫ𺳣ĳλһϵϢӹɣｫڿµʥ
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2338 ͥ
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2339 ؾͥ
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ֿɼ㾹ֿܹջǺãʱ̫ͨħߣһѰɡٶȴ漴ֻѪ֮£һɿֲħƬ֮һŭХ֮
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ҿ뿪ôַ㿪ʵ
Ȼͷģʱȴѣ̳ҵΪ̫ħߵףԷ˵ʱ㣬ƿϵͥ㣬ħ
ãͨĻٻɡַ㵭Į˵룬ģ̫ŵħߣȷ̫ħ޹ҲĹأħƺǧ˿Ƶϵ
ȥɣû˻㡣ַɫ£ħ漴ǿֲħ̳ɵ̤ȥ߳¹ͥûһַֻһա
֪ϹڡϦǺ꣬ħʣ˭̫ŵħ˭
˳֮ͥµĽݣַػ·ħ磬̧ͷַ㿴һҵѪɫ£ٶȱպµħأ̫ħеħͷ·һУֻ̧ͷշ
ַ彵ҶԣҲַ㣬ɻɫ
ߣ뿪̫ħߡַ㿪˵ڲߣǶԷڣ¾ûлᣬ̫ħߣߴ֮һԲû֮ʥ̤ҲҪ޻ء
ãҶǷ׷׵ͷܹ뿪̫ħô֮ǰǽߴ̫ˣһʱ̽ߴ֮һ̫ħߣΪǾմ̼ľܻΣȻ޷ˣȻȴ֣̫ħУ׸ʲôգյĻᶼûУֱӾͱĨˡ
ַ뿪֮Ѫɫ£ϵĹڣ֮ͥУħɶ㲻ȴŽѵ˵
Ȼʱһħ漴֮ͥ£ħǰַղڵλãһӰӰźۣɫֻۣôĿͥϵħӰ
ôõĻᣬȻˣӰ૵漴ٶȻһԶʧ·ûгֹ㡣
ַ̫֮߳ħߣˣûΣ˳
ǣųˣǷֵ¶˶һЦ⣬̧ͷһ⣬оյ˵Ĳã⼸ĩһΪǿʵû֮أͷ·ײĴڣκһΣУ̤̫ħ֮ǰ޷ܵġ
ˣҶҲЦˣţá
алл㣡ɽĿа¶мɫûĻǾˡ
ûаĵøл㡣ҶҲЦŵʱѾû˽ȥ֮ʱǿ߰·𳹵׵ûƢ㡣
ȻַȴֻǿЦ£̾Ϣϧ꣬лǧǵֵ̫ˡ
ôĪˡ
ԺҲȥ̽ʲôƨĽˣСҪɽƵ³ֵ̫ˣҪһ۷սҲԩ棬ֻеҴֿܣþǵþҴ档
̫ħзһЩ飬㲻Ҫˡַ㿪˵˶׷׵ͷʾףаϣһЩܣѪɫеͥǶеĶǣ£ǻΪаܡ
һЩ飬ͿˡҶ˵漴Цˣǲǻųصˣû˵ôһųģҲ漣أȥɣ
ԣؾͥɽڵˣ̤ûлͷȥһ̫ħߣƬء
̫磬һ̤̫ħ߲δ̫Ĳھͥͬ񷺣̫ħлŹϢʹþͥ𺳣׷Ҫ֪̫ħеʲôܣ񷺣֮쳹һƬƬǣȻ߳˽ء
ˣûϢ֮ĺɽϣˡ
ҲһЩ̽ص˴һЩ̫ħеѶϢһЩ֪̫ħʲôһڣЩûнЩѶϢֻԼ֪
Ҷƺַ˷ֿԻȥַ»ص˹Ž壬ȻͷƣͥзһУ޷ȴ


2340 ʥ
֮Уַ⻯Ԥһ飬ֻ˿Ԥüͷַ㣬ɫ΢в
˵̫ħ֮еѪɫһϵ֮ͥͥϣһħԤߺǲ죬Ҳ֪̫ͬħһڣַ˵Եú𾪡
֮ͥϣħֳħ˯ȴҽȥַ̳Ԥߵ磬Ԥ֪֮ܵһԤߣҲû̫ġ
ǣҲôѡ뿪ҲûΪң뿪̫ħߡַ
˼ǣ̫ŵħͷڳ˯֮Уܹ̫ħߣңܹ߳ΪķΣ
ģ벻ɣ̫߳ħߡ
û뵽̫ħ߻֮£˻ڴ̻񷺣ǿ󣬾ܻ̫߳ħߣȴ֪ܹôˣȴΪ㣬˵̫ħҲ޷֪ʲôڡԤҡҡͷлᣬһ͵£ܷиȣȻĴ˾̫ħʧȥ䣬̫ˡ
κһħˣǿ󵽿£ܶ඼ǹ֮ǿߣ⣬˵һλǧǰΪħʵˣַٶʵɻˣħʣ˭ϵħ˵ַħʡ
ǧǰħʣԤɫ£˵Ӧħʥϣɣȷħʣھͥµ㼣࣬Ϊ֪Ȼ֪ˣȴ˵Ŀ£ң˽ϣģ±ˣΪǧǰ˵̣ΪתһأǧΪ㡣
ħʥϣַͫǧǰ֮ΪתգΪַתһУ·ڤڤעˣ˵ֻغϣ·ҪȥħĻħʡ
ħʥϣǸˣַ㿪ʵ
ءǿҲһֻ˺ܶݵʱˣȻʧҲһѸͣҪ׷Ѱ㼣֮ʱȴԶʧˣ·ûгֹ˲²£ѰҲ˲²ѾɱԤ߻ĵ
룬Щ²ܶˣħʣҲ̫ħСַ㿪ڵʹԤͫ£ϣ̫ħߣ
ǵģ̫ħ߿ױּңͥУ̫ŵħ·ǧ˿Ƶϵ
Ԥüͷţȷûпּ
ҺȷּһΣ֮£һ˻ּˡַܿ϶˵
ô˵ҵȷҪ͵ͨˡԤɫ񣬵һħʥϣ֮ˣǸضµĴڣѹǧûϢȻ̤ߴ֮һ̫ħߵС
ַ㣬мҪ׼£սѾ۷ʥһ˰ɣԤ߶ַʵ
ַ˵ͷ
֪ܲܵõʥ׵ĻᡣԤ΢ЦŵȻ޾ַҲȥһԣ޾Ҳȡ
ַ¶һĨɻ֮ɫԤߡ
ھͥһƬΪʥ֮Ƭǧ꿪һأУӵʥˣʥ۷֮ˣӵзʥᣬÿǧ꣬ͥʥ۷εﶼʥ֮һЩܹϵʥۣһֱѰǰʥˣҷʥ֮Ӳʧǧһ⣬طʥˣ࣬Ҫ˷ʥ֮ڵ֮Լʡ
񣬾ʥ֮ԶˣǾͥĸ·ǿߣڱʥ֮;СԤ΢Цʹַ¶һĨ֮ɫͥ磬зʥ֮ڣܹҵʥˣǿֲĴԵ
ʥ֮γɵģĻԵ˵Էʥַʵ
˵ϹʱĩڣһЩϵǿͶģţҲһЩʹЩǿߴ˹ʶƻ֮أȴҲھͥһЩأʥ֮֮һԤ߻Ӧַ㣬ʹ΢΢ͷ½ܻ̫֪꣬ģЩطȻڣǴڵĵԼֵ
ϧˣǰ̫ħߣ˲ٵʥ۾֮ˣкܶӵмʥ۵Ȼηʥ֮ĿĲ̫ħǽأܶǲԸ̤ģЩӵһʥ֮һԤߺЦ˵
ַȻ˽⣬һЩʥ۾Ϲ˺ܶȴѾûа취ʥ̤ʥףʥ˽٣һҲƴȥȡֻΪһ˿Ŀܡ
ʱַݳֻԹŽа̤ʥ֮أַ΢Ц˵ԤЦ£ˣֻҪ˷ֿˣҪñַ֪аһˡ
סַ˵ͷ
⣬ĵôȥ߶һηʥ֮ҲǲǿǰģϾлʥˣòҪǷԤ߶ַַ΢΢ͷ
񣬸Ѿڿʼټʥ۾ǿˣΪηʥ֮Ŀ׼ʥǳѵãҶһЩŶԣⲻǷʥܼ֮ͬǿÿһηʥ̫֮Ҳαװȥ֡
žǱΣַ
Ǳߵûʲô飬ѾͷʮڷͣҲǿΣ񷺣̫ħ߳嵹ǸȲҪˣȻҲżҪٳҲڷʥ֮֮󡣡
ַ΢΢ͷǱߵϢҪʱƿصġ
ͥһЩʥϹô࣬ڵʥ۵֪˭ܱȽˣõʥ̤ʥԤߺЦ˵
ַӶԷĻио˴ηʥ֮½ͥĺ䶯Ͼʥ˱Ƚϡ٣ʥ۾ͥԣޱӴģĺɽǿǰ̫ħߣʶޣһЩһһʶãֻӴ˵һЩˣһزͬҪ˭룬˶Լȥģ̫ˡ
ʱַıڹŽаУ֪Ҳ̫ħл˳صŽıδȥȻηʥ֮ȻҪȥȡ£


2341 ʥ
ʥ֮λôھͥΪĵƽȴǻһƬΪƬ·𶼱ˣʺУ·һƬ򣬺Ƭ򣬱ǹϵķʥ֮
ʱڷʥ֮ⱻ֮ϣ֪ʱһǿߵӰ
ЩǿӰԵúƽȻȴ΢ЩһЩ̫ƾ֮ˣͷøΪ
Щ̫±̤ʥ۷ǿߣһЩ˵ʥ룬ǻǺܴģȻһЩһﲻͬǸоԼŬѾ̤ʥʱҪһЩ̤㡣
ʥ֮򣬱ĪĻԵ
һλ۵ӻ͸һĮϢֻƬããɫ𣬼Ϊǧ꣬һοʥ˲һΣһȡʥ˴š
Զ淽λһ׷ԲԵߣվǣϢƽȻȴǧˣʥͶӰ֮ʱϵƬߵĴأǧĴرʥ֮Եһأߡ
⣬кܶǿһﶼˣǱЩһø磬Ϊǧǰ;Ŀʥ˴ǰʧǧ꣬ûʥǧ٣һΣǲԼ
ַʥ֮֮ʱĿ¿գɫ¡
öǿߣΣǾǿʥﶼ𣿡ַڰħıϣ˵ǲ죬ʥȷʥ۾ԣǱҪȡģʥһ֮಻ֲһ̤һɱ䣬˭ܴ
ϴʥ֮ô𣿡ħʵ
˵ʥˣӵгʥĻԵʥʲô֮Ҳôַ㿪ڵƬߵĵطʥ˵̺ʥоˡ
ѵνＫط𣿡ַһ
а񡣡ʱһַ֮ĿתͿڲԶಲĳɽ˹ϴЦ⣺аҲʥأ
ַЦ£ɽԣöϹҲˣѹô󡣡
ʵҲܴܵѹַʵ
Ȼɽ˵ͷȡʥԽܹ࣬иʥ˵ÿǧ궼мˣȶʥ˵˶ԣ̫ˣһᵽʥˣ˿¾Ҫɱᡣ
ǵģЩʥﶼҪ񡣡ַȫܹʥʥжôǿҵջ
㿴һǿߵˣĸп¶ʥһʥ˳֮ἫΪΣգ㿴ǱߣǴ۵ͷ֪˭𣿡ɽַָʵ
ַ֪㿴ǱߵһλߣԷýĿת˼㡣
Ǳʥۣı֮ѾԲǼµı⣬ܹ壬һ˲˼ά꣬һݵɲǣɱһٴˣΪ˱֮⣬óһֿµǿĿռ䷨͵ͨɲתƣĿֲ𣿡
ɽɫص˵ַĿⶢǻߣ΢΢˵ͷǸǳµˣɲʹɲתƵɱ֣һɱһλͬʥˡ
ǵģһ˲͹ˣһǧǰǼʥˣûа취̤ʥ磬Ҳ֪̫ˣǿһǧǰʵֻܱǿ˻ɽ˵ַͷһǧǰʥ۵ʵûеõʥֱǧᡣ
ҿԸ㣬Ϲʥֲ˵࣬һЩģǾ㹻ˣǧǰѾйһξ飬ټǧ굮ĸ֣κ˶ұ֤Լо԰նȡʥˡ
Ǳߣ˵ˣǿĺܡɽĿ⿴һַת漴񷺣һǻǿҲΪʵͲʲôˣҲֻԵ᲻䵽ϣ죬ǱȽΣյ
ǿߣ¶½ˣҪشǱˣаСЩɽַ㿪ڵһ֣ȡʥ˵ĻͻЩ
סַ˵ͷƬܴ֮ߵ˻ֻǱɽһǶѣλ¶˵ˡ
а񡣡ʱһĮַ֮عͷǱȥ񷺣ߣɫĮ㾹ȻҲ߳ˣ
ַ㿴񷺣ɫƽڵƾʵ߳İ㡣
񷺣ɫһͣ漴Цŵܴ̫ħ߳ȻǿȡʥˣҪʵˣɵ۾ˣҪʥûжȡ˽ȥ
ллѡַ΢ЦŻӦʱͻأ䣬֮Уһε¿գ·Ƭߵֽȥǹɱǧ·һ̱ȫͻˣƬ磬һƬʥռ䡣
һڡַ㿴ԼϿ֮أƬʥ֮ıԵһڣһ̿ʼֻܳܽˣһȡʥˣͿԴӳ룬ͱ˱ΧˣȡٵĻʥĸʾСˣҪȡܶʥˣ뿪
ϴ㿴·Ƭʥ֮򶼱˳ħ̧ͷϣһ嫵ĵͼͼϣ·ʥ֮
ԣǷʥ֮ĵͼȻǳأһ͸ӵĲпˣʥ֮а˸ڣҲǳˣȡʥ˵ˣԴӰ˸뿪ַ㿪˵˿̣ܶ˶ڿϵĵͼ
һЩϴνˣѾڿʼжˣŷʥ֮ȥܵõʥ˵ĻԵһЩ
ϴڻʥʲôʲô̬֡ħʵ
׼ž֪ˣºܿͻˡַ㶢ϿյĵͼǸͼ֮ϣкü貵Ĺ˸·ڻ㡣
໣֮Уһǧ貵ĽɫǸͼĳλʹðħ۾һһģʥˣ
ǵģߣַ㺰ħ漴˳ȥǰħһ̣֪жǿߣͬһλǵͼбĽɫڵķλ


2342 ʥ
ʥ˳֣еĵͼнɫĹ⻪ҫǵص㣬ַ㿴ǽɫʱ򣬿ǿͬʱʼ׷
ϴôоһͷŵĻƽϢ£ʥ𣿡ħһ
ʥûַҲܾȣǻƽβ˸ȡٶȾǼ졣
ˣյУȻһޱڳ֣ƽֱײھޱ֮ϣȻԴ·ײ뵽档
𣡡һŭХƽҪ룬ȻʱȺȴоһɿֲı֮⣬ɫľ·һƬ˪ΧǿߣҲоһĺ䣬ǵꡢ壬Ҫ
Ǳʥַۡ㿴ǻߵӰͻȻ嵽ǰɫˣʥʵҪȡȳֵʥˡ
ϴҪҪ֣ħĿɢħ⣬ԾԾԡ
ʥ˵ᣬ»ǳңǲҪų֣Ϊʸ֮ġַûǰս˿̣в˺뷨һԼ񷺣Ȼ˾վһߣĿ˸ţʥ֮ӿֲʥˣ˲ôΪʸ֮ģΧ
ЩȷʵǶԼʵţʥ۱ˣֻѾ˽ɫǰ漴ֱӲڣ̼һɫֲ貹⻪ϣʥ˼ƽʥʱС
˹ȥǱʥֱӳĳһ˹ȥ³һ⣡
£Ƭռ䶼סû˸̫ǰ걻⣬Σա
âһʥ۵ӰͻȻʧһֿͨɲתơ
׷һЩǿɫ䣬ʥ˾ôô
ַɫ΢вԲı֮ɲת̫ͨˣһʱ̫飬ȻʥǸʥڼʥУڱȽǿļ֮һ
𣡡ϵǷͼһ⻪ҫֻһ˪֣ʹɫһǾ֮ʥô
ߣǿ߿ʼ׷ȥȻһֻ̣һ죬ҵĵͼ֮ϣ֮ӰڿգƽԼ˪ֳ֮˳Ѫؾڰӻƽʼ֣ʥˡ
ˡˡˣһȺ·˰㳯žڵķλ񱼶ȥʥˣʥô˵һģʥˡ
ϴ󣬺ڰҲһʥ˿ʥʲôħŭһ峯źڰʥ˵ķ񱼶ȥһǿӹٶȿ쵽ľͬһϵĻƬʥ֮
ˣöӶᡣħͺһַϣ貵չ⻪ҫʱ˻Դû˭ʥһ˴ƽһʥǾǻˣɱ˻֪Ҫж¡
𣡡ħһµ˻ٶٶȼǺڰʥ˵ٶҲΪĿ죬ҡϣʱȴһȺΧм䣬ĿⶢȺ·԰㡣
ϴǼһģһĽʵܿ¡ħַһڰʥ˵ˣͷƽʥڣһʼΣһּΪµ
ըëҲҪڰʥˣըëٶȺܿ졣ħ£ͿǵӰȻ貽ɫ⻪һյĿ´
𣡡ħȺ֮У·Ҫ㳯źʥ˳ȥʱһƽɱǻƽޱȵķ·ܽռ䶼ѵǻΪĽ嶯ˣһƽ޽ɨһС
ÿ죡ַоһ쫷˻漴ͿԶһӰ쵽˵۾޷ϡ
ٶȺų˫Ȼÿ졣ǿɫѿʥ˱ˣǸ׷϶ԷղһɲǣΧ˱㱻˺һӡ
ʥˣûˡȺ̧ͷȻ֣ʥˣȫ˶ˣλɻܹӦõдǿ߿ҪЩʥ˵ϽʥӶ
һ˳ȥˣʥ˳ܲôǿѹ뿪Ƭռ䡣ֻյͼϵĳڷһʥһʧ
ϴҸоʥҪߺһܹǿĳʥֻȡ֮һʥˣǺѡħ˵ַ΢΢˵ͷʥֻṩʥǾܱ֤Ϊʥˣ粻õʥҲûá
ʥˣºĳʥûʥ˳֣ڶƬأʥ֮򡣡ħַ˷ʥ֮м
ʥڱַ㿴ǹ⻪ţڱ±ЩӶʥ˵ˡ
а񡣡ʱַĿתһλˣҶơ
ҲˡַЦ¡
ûкܹõʥˡҶЦ£漴ôûĶȡʥˣ
һǿߺܶࡣַЦŻӦ
ȷ˾ͺҸղſ֣ܿ¡ҶĿ⳯һ˹ȥַҲǱߣֻһ˻ں۵У¶ΣϢĲ
ȻǲԻַЦ£ڵʱֻ˻عͷһۣѪɫ˫飬Ȼ͸һĨµư֮⣬˶ͬħ߳㣬֮⡣
ַͷ͵һһۣϳǺˡ
ô˵аˡַͷ𶯣ţڳ֮󣬳ҳֹһȴ˷ӣҲҪԷĺôǰ֮ˣȻǳ
ԣ̫ħߵϢҲ̫ħ߳ˣôǷӴһЩа֮ɣַ뵽ڳԣʲôпܴڵģⱾǸӡ
̫ħ棬̫аµĴڣһħͷһħʬа񣬵̺ȴǿµġ
ַֻ¶һĨЦʹַĿ΢΢ԷĪϳɣ
ϴʥˣɫ񡣡ħͻȻֻǰԶгֱӱ˲ͬķλ
һʧˡַĿ£ֻһͻȻ·û˰㡣
ԣǶУַ֣෴һֱ˸ܹпռŲơ
ʣһǳһ·˺һѷ㣬Զȥ
ǡµĿռÿһ񣬶óһֿռܹۼʥˣռǿߣлʥַаܶóǿҲ㣬ͬ˰㣡


2343 ʥ
û˻̺ʥˣóǿߵõʥĿԻ
ϴ׷һ񡣡ħַʵ
ܹ˺ѿռľ񡣡ַ㿪˵һӵմһӵ֮ҪþôףãǿҲһһʱò
κһ񣬶кܶ׷ַңȫǿӰϢǿһЩˣǺüһ֣߱ǳǿв
ͣ£ֻһȣ֮ҫȻ佫ǾȻֻһ˺Ŀռ䣬ɳǰ·ӵпµȻβûЩǿ߷ǸԷ
ôô̬ٶȡħһѾǿ״̬ȫǰУǷ۵糸Ǿٶȱ˶٣ֻ롣
֮ҲҪһôַɫɨԱߵһˣֻɫĮʥ˿һҪȫͷǸʺóǿߣһݡ
ֲ̫ǿ˿̣ӪУһλǿ߿ڵ
һεľûȥȫγͷǼȻѡ׷ⷽҪͷԽ棬ܻԽҡ쿪˵һŻɨΧˣһΣǻڱصá
ͷӵ̺ʥҲйأõܹһֿµͨ񷺣һһ˶̤һ޽֮ϣջ֮ʱһ貵Ļ潣ۡ
а񣡡ʱַ㿴ԼԵӣ¶һĨЦ⣬ӣǻˣҲҪô
ҵûʲôȤаҪĻҿһ֮ӿ˵Ƿַܴ飬ַ㣬ûа취̫߳ħߡ
ã°ҵֿˡַûкӿЦ˵
û⣬ҵ˻ͦġЦ۾гһ϶
ҵģֻǰһǿ߳˹Ȼ䳯Ŵץ˹ȥȻֱֻӳƵУȻ·õİ㣬ֱӴϴ͸ʹɫȻ佩Ӳסˡ
䣡һǿߴԺХ޴ľϣ΢Щ̹ǡ
ôܣ˿ԼƷʱ׷ҲͬţǸղĿþӶԷϴ͸ϵеѪֱ֮Ӵ͸
ôץַ㿴ղŵһĻԣǾ񣬴˶ַƣЩԼǲѡ˶
ʱǾһɽ֮ϣֻ徹Ȼͣצֱɽ֮ϣûмܣǾôͣΧȺ˫з·͸ϷŰ֮⣬˸о˿˿Ƶζ
׷ӰȻ䶼ͣĿⶢɽ۴ľĿ˸
ԡֻһûȥֹֻǿţ˵ǿ󣬷·Ƭռ䶼ֻץȻһֻǾ˳ȥԷֱץ˿մ
⡭ǿɫӲ̧ͷŵϿյľһԡ
ʱ񷺣˵ֻؼͻأȼ˿µĻ棬ĽŲ̤Ļ·޾֮УܣǾعͷĶ˻棬ʥˣǰ㶼޷Ӷᡣ
ʥʥˣʥˣʥô򵥡ַһȻʱֻħϴó飬һжûãʥ˹ϴأӦпܹģ
ַͷ΢û飬һйȴĿ־һԿռƿ˲շַ˵ɲ֮ͬ׵ôǰħһ㶼ַˡ
˳ԣûܹɹ
ַϵֻۣŲǰȻһգ֮־񷺣һȻȴ˿̣Ȼ޷ˣС
ħַ㺰һ
ϴ󣡡ħһͺ
ſ죡ַ㿪ڵʱħһ˻ַֻ׵ֱ˰ħľ֮У漴ħһϣֱӽ˽ȥܿ죬ڰħϣµʥ˲һƬƬڵۼ֮ϣ·͸ŽɫĹâ
˿һĻɫһʥˣˣ
ߣַͺһû뵽ô˳ħһԶȥ
¡һĻȻַǰ֣ħ峯ϿճȥȻȴһ貵ĻݺݵĳַԼħ˹ȥ
Сַ㺰ħͻأСַ㻳Уϴ̵ȻҪúõʥˡ
ϴԼСġħ³һַƫƣ̤գ硣
а񷺣һǿַ߳Χ˹ȥ
ӣַ㺰һʱ΢΢ͷȻŭһ̼䣬ȺĶĤݺݵţֻо궯һ˻˱
ַ׼Ҳ˲аӣôҲ⵽˹
ˣַ㱾񷺣һιģ̫ˣȺҲǽȥˣ˹ѻᣬһȺζһַͣһ϶ʱ񱼶ߡ
ˣǺ粻Ȼʥˣŭ𣬵ûˣַѾʥø˰ħǺܶ˶½ͣ׼̧ͷ죬ľûбܣת򣬻лᡣ
˺Ҫַİ㣬׷ַ㲻ţʹַɫĺ䡣
а񣡡ɽַ񱼣ӣô¡
Ҹһܣַɽ˵ͷֱһ̤ʱһɿֲĳǰѹ˹ȥЩ˵ٶȷ·𶼼˰㡣
ãɽǳˬĴӦˣַ㲢վһϣҲˡ
ɽӣǶ˲Ҫ¡쿴ˣĵ
ǹܶˡɽڵʼ磬ãұȽС
ɽԸ졢ӣҵסˣ񷺣Ƚַ㿪˵˵˵ͷʼ񷺣ЦаǷĺܡ
ϴҪҪҶ֣ħƺ
أΣַһ
ҪˣʥˣֱӴݸҶյһָ򣬷·һǿҶԿռĸڷıǿϴ㲻øҵģħڵ
û£ûлʥԺҲлᣬҺ㲻ͬʥˣַӦħ˵ͷʥˣ


2344 ɱ
ɽһɽݺݵĳ˹ȥ֮£ԳɽһĹҲò˱ܡ
죬ǽմսһɽХһ峯ѹ˹ȥ˶ʢǼʥԣһЦλǿȥɫ裬ǻʥۣǷǳΣյĴڡ
ǵսΪַ񷺣ս񷺣Ϣַ㣬ЦϴһսҴҶݣղصްɣ
ˡַ¶һĨЦ룬ɱһΣ
Ǳ߻᲻᲻ݣǲǿ߾ųɱŽȥ
һֱʩѹ񷺣ҪӭȢٽϣ񷺣ô֮£ȻͲˣ뵽⣬ַ۽ǵЦݴһĨɱ⡣
ˣֲĻ涸ȻȼƬնУַ·һƬ𺣣Ŀ΢΢𣬿񷺣񷺣һ뷨Ҫ˴˻ᣬֱӽ
ȻˣǱ㲻ˡַ˫ͫȻ֣֮ͫһ̣񷺣סˣоԼһƬڰþ֮УûκεϢֻ޾ĺ
ط·׵ҪƬ磬硣
񷺣Ȼо䣬ϣޱȿµĻϢ󣬷·һ㣬ޱȵĿ¡
â˸񷺣峯ǰ޾ڰָֻǰ̼䣬ŵޱ貵⻪͸һУ˺ڰĻþռ䣬ƳһƹʱֻһֻڵĴӡԴӡ˹ȥʹȻˡ
߲ҵ֮硣Ʈ漴񷺣ַǰ˿̵ַĮϵ·𶼻ħ۰㣬ͬһħŰԵ֮⣬񷺣оַʵı仯ɫҲ࣬Ƭռ䣬ǹŽǿĽ
âҫ񷺣гһ˫ףޱȿֲϢ
͡񷺣˲֣ʱһֻӡַץ˹ȥһɵʥַоڻ棬ѹһеĻӡȼʥҪһС
Ȼ񷺣ʥ
ַ΢ʱһħɨأַУħꪳǣֲ˼µħϯأַϣʹַ˸һħͷ̧ͷϿȥħꪶȻ̳һӡ飬ַգǰƮȥ
ˣַ㿴񷺣³һ񷺣ַеĴħꪣͷҵĲţôܣ̫ħߵʥôַϡ
㹫ƽһսڿ䡣ַ³һ⣬漴ӰȻʧͬһչâ񷺣ǰħһǰǰһֲĹƿһС
񷺣оħ̺Ŀֲ޿赲ֻ׳ǰȴֻ͵죬ħƿ׹ֱƿһ谭
ɱַһһ͵һħֱӴ񷺣ʺħʼŰ񷺣
𣡡ַһ³ʱ񷺣Ӱħʳֱӻһħṳ̂ʥûܹʥ׾ٵıɱ޷Уֻ˫׻Ưǣһʥ
ַ㽫ʥ£ħꪣʧַӰ棬ȵɽӣ
ɽĿַ⳯񷺣ѾûӰͷ̲סݺݵĲ£һղɱ񷺣
Ȼǿסˣ񷺣ɱˣ
Ȼַƺͷ𵴣ɽӻʱһԶߡ
аһˣĿ£Եַ㿪ڵ˵Ƿʥ֮˺ƽ˻ǵù˼һ£Щǲɱֵģ񷺣֮ˣһֻҪ֪ģͲɱơ
Žаƺаŵĺܣ񷺣ֱӾɱˡ
ȥ׷ɱַ㣬׷ҲûãǸû뵽׷ַȡʥˣ񷺣䣬ǵĳǷǳģЩˣɲ˼ô࣬ɱ֮ˡ
ɱɱˣα˵ʲôɽӣȻԵٻᣬһΣҲҪǰң֮ǳҪʥˣҲ̰ͼᣬΣַ·ûʲô㣬ȥɱ񷺣飬ѵΪǻ֮ˣֻ׼񷺣׷ɱܷɱַ˼άУ뷨
İɱɱˣҸˣɽЦ˵۾Ҳ£漴ã֣ڻһûбץһѾɱȥģ
Ǳܵʥˣߡַٶȼӿ죬˶⣬һȥܿƬսֻǰѪɽһλǿﱻֹɱʥٶӣȡʥ˵ûʥˣʥ˱³
ݰħʥȻҪһǳḶ́Ҫղãʱ䣬ȫʥȫȻʱ˶ʼһ㣬˵ַǹʱһĿⶢַϣħڣʥ˹⻪
ȻôʥˡӸоǰһɹɿµϢĲ˲
ʥˣøǣֵ֮ʥˣٲ롣˿ֻ̣ǿǰУǰľ񣬶Χ˵ˣɶӵʥںڱصá
Ҫãǲ˶ãˣ˲ãûжᵽʥˣǻʥˡΧǿΧǣ
Ȼ룬ұô˵ɣֻҪõʥˣͲᣬûõͻᣬֹǣǷǡֻ˵϶ӿǿҵ
֮Ҳáһλǿ˵һλճ۵ǿӿֿ¹Ļ
ӣԺͣһɲǣҪٴӰ쵽ˡַ㴫һ΢΢ͷ漴建м俿гһͬŶܰľ棬漴ֻ֮˳漴ŭһʱ뾵Уһɢһ̣շ·£µ깥Ⱥһоڲ
ˣһɲʱ䣬һӰ˾ߣһžֱ֣һڽ̵
áȺӦ漴ֻһַɱ˹ȥַƾʧֱӳԶǰ˴һӡҪַȴħֱӴ͸͵ӡһӡһͷʹùӡǿиڣĿͣģ


2345 һ򵱹
ϴ󣬺ˬħ̵һͺεûַʧʥ깥Щ⧲ͣƬˣƬ̵Ĺַðħ̵ֱʥȻߡ
ʲôоַŰħʵ
ǿո򣬶ӿҵԺУҸоҵʥ۶ĻľͻƵʥ˾ˣ̫ϧˣҲ㹻ˡħԵøʹ죬ϴҪȥúòˣ潻㣬ҪСĵ㡣
ȥɣңлȡһʥˣں㡣ַ㿪˵˿һХƬǿ߶׷ٶȿ£ַûлͷȥֻżɨһյͼһڵķλҲˡ
Ӧģðħһ𡣡ַٶȿ磬ڣԶһȺս֮ˣ׷׼ʥѾˣ˭˼ɵô࣬صĲ˶ǳɵǶȡʥ˵ˣѾԡѪʱбɱĿˣȴûΪڻû˸ĶʥˣһʥˣͻȡԷλãΧ˹
ˣʱ򣬿ռ·ͻأͣ·綼ҪֹͣȺֻһӰǶȡʥ˵ϣһµĳìӶԷԴϴ͸漴ǻӰһգԷʥһסХ뿪
壬öˣ̫ȺɫӲǵٶȱ޷ЩޱȵĻֱʧ֮һֲĲƬأЩͷŹԼˣ׷˸ˡ
ʥ̺ʥͺʱͣ˰㡣ַٶûаͣ٣滹׷Ұħʥˣͣ
Ҳӵʥˡֻ֪ﴫһַٿ񱼣Ƕʥ˵˷ȥٶȲ죬ӵʥһʥһԲ̣пµ֮⾳ѷĽޣһʥѾ֮ˣһ۱һì񡢿£ղŶԷɱʥǿ߶ȡʥˣʥһֹܹӵǳµġ
ǵˡַɨһеĴħꪣƷʥһ״ݻٶԷɡ
ˣַٶȱǿ״̬֮·У˶˦һЩ룬ֻЩóٶȵ˽׷ᡣ
ǰ˻عͷɨַһۣɫ̺һĨЦʥˣҲʥˣһһǳµʥȻ׷
е̽գһƹ⻪˵ٶȻתͷų޾֮⣬ƬһɲǷ·ͣ㣬ﵽһĲΣ˴ʱ֮⣬·ʱնҪͣ
ַ˿̾͸оһεҪͣӲȻԷٶȴ˿Ӱ죬һɲǼ䣬һ˳ìԴɱҪһͬɱղһ
һַо亹Էһ̫ˡ
һɿµַ̺磬ӵܱԼĶԴС
ȥַô䣬֣֮ͫȻȴìһδַ㡣
ַ֮˷·Ҫ뵽յУһֱӿһǿʢħƿɱ
ͣìգַǰȻַĴħͬҲһɲǶ˶ԷʺԷ嶼ǡ
գַӰ·г֣һµĳì֮ԴλᴩղŲʹ˴֮һͬھ˶
ĿϢַ͵ĳǰȥħٶԷֱˣʥȻҲУֻſ񱼵ַϴʥ˾ˣƲԣˣڿʸ֮ġ
ֻˡַ㿪ڵǱһȺʥĿ¹Χˣַ˵ܻ뿪ʥղſԵˣʥѾնǳḻ
ʱַӶʥˣǿưոݣ׷
ַ䣬ħǿʢ£еĴħꪽգǹϢֲ˼㡣
ħƷʥַڻûзִħ̺Ҳʵ̫ˣûܹھˣħꪵĹҲ㹻ˣ޼᲻ݵġ
ַһɽۣȻֻͣٶ죬˲Ϣ嵽ַǰ
ַ˫䣬ɲǼеһƬڰеʥն˳ȥ飬ʱһ˵ͷϿգħꪴɱʹɫҰףǿʢ㡣
䣡ħ֮ϣһħᴩһУ飬ֲħֱӸ˲Ϣɢһŵ屬ˣȴַʥˣŷۣ֮ǰĮȻӡ
ǰһǿӰֳִַͣħꪶͬһϵħ㣬Ⱥĵʥ˶֣˭Ҫְɣа֤һ֮˱̫ħȺħ趼߳ˣǿߡ
ҲǴ̫ħгģ
еħꪣǿҵħܿ£֪ǴӺδѵ̫ħߡ
͡ʱַֻо϶һɫĻ⣬˶סֻһǰһȻ䳯ַȥͬʱַǿµ·Ҫַȫѵ
ַճѪ·ҪѣֻǹѣǱסַ뿪ûʥɱ
ַ³һ֮Ȼʧպͷ֮ȫڴħ֮ϣȻ˳ȥһ죬ַͻأ˵ǰס壬ħѾɱԷ
ûв֣ȵֵʱѾˣַصɽ֮ϣͬħͷɨǡ
ħɱһȺͷûƭ˭ҵһֻ֣·
ܿ»ʥ˳֣ȷҪ˷ʱ𣿡ַĮ³һȺĿ˸µٶȡռټϴħꪣ̫ǿˡ


2346 ʥ
ֳִַħվǣֻЩǿɵԾɲϷΧ˸ȥַɫЩһﶼǷǳΣյĴڣһץᣬܲҡ
ţʱַоһֲΣ٣ӰȻȻֻһֱӸ֮ϣѪĽϳһѪһʹ
ʥַɫѿղ̺ʥӰΣĿǰ棬ֻһλǿֳ̣֣һУΧܱת
ֻ͡Է΢΢£ʱٶʧַֻо֣ɫĮеĴħ趯һֲħȻ䳯ŶԷɱǹᴩյħʴأʹǰ֮ȫˡ
ȻַϿ֮أͻȻһַƺһһεĿֲƬأоԺҪըѰ㣬˷·Ҫʧȥʶ
һַ֮󱳴ɱȥһ˷̱ȫˡ
ַ㿴δ棬ȻǹϢΪĿ£ħɨһɱ촫棬пµ֮أʹַԴٶȺݺݵһ·ҪС
ȥɣǵعַûȥƱҪɱַ
ַϣһɿµ壬ȫշͬݰת
ˣַӰȻʧˣҫȺ֮Уħ̶ֱ˲䱬һԴ
а񣡡һ漴ǰȺĺһӣ͵ĴһЩǿ߸û뵽汻һʱ˵ܵ벻
ַ峯ǰͬʱħɨǰǿһԴֱӱѣڴħꪵĿֲݻ֮²һ
ߣַͬʱ񱼶󣬶Ȼһɽبɽ漴ҲַǶȥ¡һ죬ɽȻٿַ֮ʱַѾԶ
ַǳٵĵطǰУղӺͳɽʱϵַǼΪΣյģЩǿ߶˼Լ峯շѹħǿҲΧС
лˣַЦ
лʲôϴεȵġɽˬ˵һ湻ʥȫͷħľ粻ǾۼʥҲ޷ʥǿϧˡ
ֻҪˣʱ򾳽ٵʱ򣬽Ҳˮôкοϧġַ㵭˵΢΢ͷҲûж˵ʲô
ǼһɵÿʥˣȻҪһֱ׷ɱˡ
Ƚͳȥ߳Ƭռ䣬û֪ʥˡַ㿪˵ɽŷַǰеķһڷλɫɵ£⵹ҲǸð취
ʱַλãﵹûʲôǿڣַǶҲδ˸赲
Сһ뿪ȥ㡣
ϴԼСģħ̽Դ漴ŭХһħųڳ˳ȥַ㲢δ뿪ػڳڵλãȵưħѾԶȥ뿪˳ߡ
ڰˣ֪»ʲôʥ˳֣۾˵
ַ̧ͷƬ죬ڵʥ֮򵽵ʲôطǧ伳ȡһΪܵʥˣ
˭֪Ҳĳ޷ӴĴڹ⽫ĸӳءɽûûεЦ
ʱϿյĵͼ֮ͷųֲĹâʹɫһǿϢߣȥҪʥ˳ˡ
˸ʱƬռ䣬Χ˻۹ֻмƬһɿֲϢڷķţ·µ
ʥ˵ǰôʥˣʲôַ㿴Ƭռ䣬ţħ˼ʥˣһָ򣬶ĸַҲףָǳʥĹؼ˳ӦԼĵ󣬽Լĵ뵽֮Уʹ֮Ϊصһ֣Ӷܹʥɾʥ
еһУ룬У粻ݣ޷ɻʣУҪ˳ӦɻʣҪ򡢳ɵۣҪأʥҪ˵ʥ˽ײ㣬УСģӵս۵ĿܣǼļʥۣҲʥ棬ʥѴʥ
ˣȻ䣬âҫĿһһ롣
ϵʥˡһŭХڿգ磬ȥҲкܶڵȴʱ֣ǡ
ˡˡȺֻһǷĿϢŶʹǵĿ˶ݵĴͣöʥ˳֣ÿһ𶼲ͬǺ͸ղһһΪ߻һΪһʥˡ
ʥˡȺĳȣһĿɿڴ
ǷعӡһǴϵʥˡɽĿⶢǰһɳĹӡȻַ̤ϣӦ˻ɽԼӶʥˡ
ˣͣɣʱһʱʹɫһͣ漴ȺƬռ䣬һȺΧ
ַҲͣˣȺˡ
ˣǾȻˡ˿һĻɫ¡
ɽ֮ĿͶɽɽɫһ漴ַ֣а㲻Ҫ˻ˮˣȥˡ
˵գɽŴȥҲַ΢΢ͷ̤ķλ
ȺЩʥҲ˼޷ͻ֮󣬱ڿգ˿Ⱥʥˡ
˿̣мǿߵӰ۵һ
ʥۡаʥۣǿһˣҲСӪ׼ԿǿôȺ΢Щ֣Ҫʥ˹Ϸֵ
̫ǿޣҲһˡȺĳޡаߵȿµޣǾһ
ǿ⣬˸ΪսһƬɢҵ״̬ĻͲԺ⣬ôʥˣ¾ҪϷֵȻԼ䣬˭У۹˭ڲ飬ûʲôˡ뵽
ַ㣬ȺǶŰۣһ𣬷棬˿̣ȴҲԵɫء
ǻʥˣһҪˡֻǿָʥ˿ڵ
ҵģһ³һˣҪǲᣬôܣ


2347 ʥɽ
ǿߣ˶ûս·һ
ʱһϸ΢ĲͻأյĲһ̣Ⱥֻʥֱһ̵ˡ
ߣֲǿߣ⻪ҫĿ漴ǵֱӻգʧԭء
ãʥˡ˵Ŀ⼯̣ҲסˣóǿĿռǵʥһɲǼ䣬ǾͲ֪ȥȺ̧ͷܿǷ֣˴ʥˣֱӱһڣȥ׷ˡ
һɲǣͱʥˡ
ƨ֣һ֮Ȼ⣬µһɲǣֻһӰӹһʥ˳˹ȥ
ֻ˷ӡͬʱ٣޴ֱ֣ԭأɫȻ佩Ӳѿ
貵Ĺͬʱϣ̼˻Ϊɢһ˲䱻ɱˣֿûУס壬Ȼֻһɲǣʥ幥γܵס
аʥۣʥһɱʥ̫ΣˣȺʥһʱ򣬼ֱ¡
ʥۿͬ鱻һɫѿ˭Ҷʥˣĺܲңôǿ߶ۼһ𣬵֣ɱ㡣
ʥ˷ɣʥ˹ٿǿ߿˵ʱɫ£ЩϣС»Ὺʼˡ
ַȴ˿һûעĵطʥ˱Ǵ֮ԻעΪˣƺǳ
طܹʥˣǷҲܣַ㿪˵ֻŲֱ̤ӳʥ֮ȥ
ʥˣҲҪˣȥ档ʥ˵漴ҲϳĲǱ߶ȥһĻʹòע⵽ˣѵʥ֮ػʲôɣ
ַͷ΢漴Ҳ˹ȥʥ˵·ʱоһǿʢǳ¡
ˣֱӽ֮ϵ棬ʹ˽ԶĿ̣һôĵӣûеôˣˡ
ǧˣٲʥˣҺʱܹ̤ʥʥɫһ㶣漴Ҳڿն𣬳гȥ˺
ַҲվ֮£ֻоһ֮ѹַ̧ͷ¶һɻʲô
Լһ磬ǷܹԼ֮ףĵо·ʲô
Ųһַڿգ񷣬жȥƶУУһַ̣㷢Լվһռ֮ϣ·Գһ磬ڤڤ֮Уϵ
ַ૵ƮĿռ磬̺һڤڤе塢ץΡ
Ʈ졣ʥҲƬռ䣬ֻ૵а̾ͣʥ֮Ѿǧˣûаץסʥ
ͻأ䣬ֻһӰƬռ䣬ַɫ£Щˣ඼Ƕɢޣ֮ˣǣûа취ֻøűʥʥ֮أܷʥ֮
صĿռ䡣һɫȻʱ򣬶Ȼ䣬һ޿ɵֿͷҵĲţϷĿռ䣬ƺƷһɽĸɽǰȴַ·Զģ޷
һӰ𣬷·Ҫɽ壬Ȼɽ㣬ɲ⣬߲ʣԶ޷
ʥܹ֮֮Ϊʥ֮ѵΪɽĻɽǷԳ֮Ϊʥɽ˵һǿɽͺʥһƮ졢·ߣԶġ
ʱȺֻУͻأĳһħ棬·̫ŵħ棬Ȼ䳯ңԶķʥɽȥ̫ŵħ洩һƬƬռ䣬·ԾһУ漴ݺݵĲ˷ʥɽϣʹȺ޲ͷ𵴣ˣǷ𣬵Ϊħ棬ܹңɼķʥɽ
¡¡һϵ֮շѹ£޲Ĳѹ˵·޷֮⡣
ַͫĿֿյĳճô̫ħߵУʲô
ˡٶ³һֻϣһɿֲħ˳ûһ˳ħ֮ȥԽԽԶƬ֮󣬵ӰͣʱȺ֣Ѿվ˷ʥɽǰ
ôܹȺַͫҲ£ûа취ߵʥɽǰǣﵽˣųҵ˳ʥ֮ôôˣǺ⣿
ַ˸ҲͬǷʥɽȥȻܿԼʧˣʥɽңɼ·ûа취㣬ַ㻳ɣʥɽʵĴô
ǱǻþǼˣΪγߵ˷ʥɽǰַаԽˣȴԽǷַʥɽ޷·ξ룬㡣
һЩóǿҲڳԣȻͬʧˣ߲ȥ
󣿻ټٰɡַ¶һĨЦ⣬ôƽվǣûȥ̤Ⱥȴͻأķַ֣Ӱıģ·ãʧǵǰǣԶķʥɽǰַӰ˿ַ̣ͳﲢ·ǵһռȥ
ô£ɫ𶯣ǾȣˣôʧˣҺߣվǣͻȻûˡ
һĻıʥֻۣ΢΢ɫڵԭˣʥǳʥЩִ̫ʥΪۣʵֻһ֮ңߡ
ʥ˵ţӰ漴ҲʧٿʥۣҲʥɽǰʹȺ񶯵ôʥۣղʲô
ʱĿռ䣬սսΪĲңЩеޣ˺ܶ࣬ƴ棬Ҳǲ֮ˣɱǿߣ䣬һλǿʥ۵Ĵۣȡһʥˡ
ȡһʥˣҲȡһʥˣǶ˳սṵ̂ͼ࣬Ļ˿¾ͲŹˡ
Ҳ˶ȡʥַ̤ͬڵƬռ䣬Ҫȥʥ֮أʲôڡ


2348 
ʥɽַ㡢ʥۣƽվǣǰĹɽ֮Уһǿҵ֮⾳˵
ʥۿһ۳ַ΢Цлλˣǣ޷ףƮ죬Ϊã֮ã˳ӦΪұΪһ壬Ϊ˳ӦȻܹ֮ܵ⣬ôˣڴ󳹴أʥˡ
˵գʥϥôڷʥɽǰ·ʥˣһʥ˳ӦϿɣʥ
˳Ӧַ૵һΪ˳Ϊ棬粻ݣͣԳ磬Ϊף֮Уģ
ˣ˳֮૵Ŀ䣬ͫ죬ͬһµħͫ㣬·Ҫǰķʥɽ˳Ҫ棬ˣۡ
ʥַۡ㡢ˣָ˭ܵʥ
ԶĿ⿴ʥɽǶԣ·òڵĿռ䣬ǵʵǿ󣬶޷̤ǣʥˣȴеǴʧģߵ˷ʥɽǰѵǸ򲻵
ʥУ£ʥˣҲʥѲԶ˿˵
˴ηʥ֪֮мܹʥ
Щǿʥۣ֪ʥ׽ߣȴ޷һ򣬸򲻹ԸǿңҲûá
ַվڷʥɽǰϣѾǵˣʱԼ֮УܰһκڷĹбһλǿΧˣĸһΣȻȴܻԸӵǿ
ʱַڣӰǣ֮ϣƻۣ·һУνΪףǷܹƶԼ
֮ˣɾʥǶ֮򣬳Խ˵֮룬ǸεַǺо粻ͬҪܹӵǿսȻҪԼ
Ʈ졢ʵټ١ƻ档ַӰ˸˲Ϣʧܿ죬һǳأĳǳأЩַ磬ܻǳأѾ֮Ρ
ַվڷʥɽǰͬʱԼ磬֮ʥۣ˳ӦΪˡ
šɽӱǨʥ֮Щǿ½٣ܶ˶뿪˷ʥɽУ֮ϵĵͼѾʧڷʥɽĳλһ֮УУٻ֮˻ܱߣʹƬһƬ֮
գȡһʥˣʥˣ죬УϣܹϢҲܹʥ˵ļֵá
ȡʥˣ˳ɽͳɽǼʥǽʥͻƵĸ󣬼˲ᣬջˣᵼڲˣһͬȡһʥˣǶڽʥУȻҪʥףǳϦ֮£ˣȥʥ֮򣬱ޱȰʥ
ȻһգڵĶ֮УһɿֲϢȻµ˼㣬Ϣӳȥܿ죬ҪƬʥ֮棬ޱȵǿʢ
ߵ˶˫âҫĿ⼫ķ
ͻˣǵĿ⳯ŻмȥʥϢǿң죬Ҫ̤ʥˡ
Ҫͻˡʱһŭ𣬴ض쳹ƬգòϢһλͬһʥ֮Ϣֲ˼㡣
ͻˣʥˣȺ𺳣ʥ֮ǧһΣÿΣʥ֣ƺҪʥˣǹɿֲϢǳ¡
ԡڻ֮Уֻ˫ʱ֮·ӿ棬վգ·ıøߴ·ֻҪԸ⣬ժǳ
ǿֳһָ̼䣬֮Ϸ·һƶ㣬ǹڤڤе·֪֮жǿ󣬵ָʧ֮Уһڻۼޱȿ¡
ʥ֮ѹһָ죬Ŀ⳯Զȥ֮ȼţϢ£Žаյɱ񷺣ѪծѪ
óշѹȻʥ֮ʥףЯǿ֮ɨŽ壬˭
ߣŷʥ֮ȥҲ֪ΪΣһηʥ֮ôôûδա
죬صʦػǳģôᣬ̤ʥ֮һλǿ΢Ц˵
ɫʹͷ΢΢£ԷһۣоԼ·ܲԷĿ㣬̲ס΢΢ͷȥʥ˵ϣһõΪʥˣоȫͬˣԴʥ֮䣬Ӵһ蹵
ڻػ֮ǰȥһ˹Ž塣˵
ȥŽ壿ʥ˿ڵ
ԣȥɱˡɱܿ죬Ӱ⣬뿪ߡ
ߺֻһಲӰڿն𣬺Ȼǳɽ
ǰŽ壬ҵҪ̤ʥɽ˵漴̤ͬȥ뿪ƺҲҪǰŽ塣
Ƕ֪ʵַ㲢ڹŽ壬ڷʥɽǰ
ַԵıʥѾ¶һĨЦ⣬һߵĳԼַ㣬Ŀ˸գǳַһƴлڣڳʥ˿̣ûеõʥˣҲʥףַ㣬ȴƺڸС
ֻڳϣһɿµħſһ·𾡹֮ϣֿµĺڶУҪ̵ˣҪУУһУ֮
ַ磬֮ԽԽǿôŰԵ⣬ַǰһùַֻ΢ʱ֮ϣҶ̡ï֦ҶïʢţҶƮٵأ󣬻Ϊ⣬ή·ļǨ
׵ôַ㿴ǰףһУܹ֮κô


2349 ۹Ž
ַ̧ͷ漴۾΢΢ϣһ̼䣬֮У޾۶ǿ󡢿ֲϢء
ȻƬַ֮۾֮ʱУȴ¶һĨʧ֮ɫ
򣬻ôַһܵ޷֮ƶɣоһ˿
ֻһ˿ȴ·ôңԶַоһθˣ£̤֮ĵڶˡ
һɲǵľ磬ȴңԶ㡣
磬ַ۾ƬɽƮ죬ʥ˳Ӧɾʥ֮Ҫ췥ɾ֮ǣȴʺַ㡣
˳һֻۣԷ·Ҫʥɽ̵ַûʲôͳԹǳȻҲʱ̶Գ֣һ֣˿͵ϮǶ¡
תַ΢漴һ̣ķʥɽ·ԶӰ뿪ߣޱȣûаĲᣬȻôһ˿ǿҲãα޲ʥΪʥ׼ǧ꣬ȴãһж򣬳ɾʥʥҪԵȻ벻Ҹ
ȥַ֮԰ħѶˣûãֻԶһҫ˲Ϣַǰ
Сһյַ㿴ħ¶һĨЦ⡣
ϴ󡣡ħЦų嵽ַǰ
ˣħһﵱ侳粻ô˺ʥˣյӦúǿ˰ɡ
ˬʥˣֱӴҸһֺĸо޷˵ҵĽܴϴҪҪħ޴ԴյַߣЦ˵
ַ°ħ޴Դ΢ЦȻعŽ塣
˵ţַŲһ̤˰ħϣһ漴ħҡϣƶˣԶȥ
Ž壬ЩǿɱŽϿ֮أƣ֮ϳһƬ֮г֮泯¿նȥڹŽ嵱УŽ
ֻŽһǿӰ֣ĮŻˣһ߿ڵǺ⣿
аģɫ䣬ʥ֮䣬ʱһϻѹڹŽǿϣʹǵɫԶѿޱȣʥ
ˣ̤ʥףȫͬĴڣѴ׿ɱǡ
аһֱδ顣߿˵ʱһ˵ʥ֮аɱһ֮ˣΪô
˵գֻ֮УնӡֻֻͨӶʱ¿ѹȥЩŽǿɫ㶼ޱȵѿʥڴˣ֮⡣
졣ʱֻһХԶƬ֮󣬳ಲĳɽǷַ飬ɱַ㣬˱
Ҳ̤ʥһսɽʥǿʢɽǿߣֻоһξɽϢ
ȻתųɽȻˣǱһս
˵գֻӰ˲ϢʧһĴ񷶼·ҪӡӺ
ߣɽһǴȻ湥ǿ񱩣λ壬ͬһĴֻ޴ӡײ漴˳һʧȻһ̣ɽǰһӰȻ졣
ɱһָ·̺ʥҪһУ£ָѳ
ɽ֣һָٶ̫죬ֱӻĶͷλã͵촫ָҪȻɽҲˡ
ݵߣϣȴоһϳصѹȵĽŲܳͬʱҲء
ɽǰһգֲĴ죬Ҫ棬ֻ¡һ˲˳ȥ׷ȥ
ķǣаֻ΢ʱؼʥָ֮
˿̣ɽϵķѾȥһָɫҲŲݺݵһ̤غƱޱ߳أѹƬգȭͷ΢΢һգһ̣ȭͷ·̵ȭͷκһжܴݻٵȭͷ֮ϣ·ʥ⡣
ָȭâ㣬ݺݵײһ˵嶼ˣʥ벽ʥˣǵľ綼̫ȣʵ൱
ɽҪˡֻվǣֻоֱ۷Ŷĳɽ
죬̤ʥ׼Ϊûõ񷺣ôԼʵˣ׷ɱа񣬱ɱкο˵ġ
޻˵ʵǿǷͿɱŽˡĮ˵˵زԶ֪ͨܿ죬ǿ߶Ȼǣ֣һа·
ɽɫһ죬ǷǳҪɱа񣬲ΪĻа鷳ˣȻаʵṳ̂ʥĶ֡
ŽˣɫҲôÿһʥζ̫ˣʥˣȷʥ֮ˣ̫࣬ǹŽ壬ҲûʥĴڣַҪɱַĻȻᱣַ㡣
û˶ǣƺڵȣžȷԶʥ·ºܿͻᵽ
Ȼδ̫õʱ䣬ԶһǿΪ֮һˣֻЦ죬ͻƵʥˣܺá
عͷ꣬ʦôˡ
ҵĵʥôܲЦ˵ԣһλɫֻ꣬ҲһĨЦ⣬ʦܣϲˡ
ʦֶ̤ʥˣҲŸոʥкοϲ֮Цµ
ʦܣô
ɫһ䣬ڵŽ˻ɱܲһˡ
д˻ɫһ䣬ɨŽ壬ʧô꣬Ž֣Լ˭ˣ
ţʱ򣬼Ŀ⳯Զȥޱȡ
а񣡡·գԶ˰ħַӰ⻹·
ߣɽɫһ̤׷ȥڴ˿̣ʦֽŲһ̤˳ɽǰ䵭Ǳˣ
һֻŽ壬һʥһӰ·ֱȻҲڴ˿̣ʦһҲˣӰ˲Ϣʧ·еǿһȫ
죬ɱַ㡣
ַĿ΢΢û뵽һɱ̤ʥ֮ٶȺεȵĿ죬˲Ϣɱַ㣬һָָؼַоһϵ͸


2350 ת
ʥַǰɫѿȻʥ
һָָؼ޾ֶȥ֮ϣƶ˶ӡַͨͬ㿴Ĺʥ㣬֮һ֮У̤ʥһָѾʥΣ
ˣħӰ˸ȻʧԭأȻֻһ˫·ͨأֲ⴩͸գַԼħֶȥһߣ·̺֮ʹַͰħоһɿֲȼţգȴָо𺣡
ַڣŰȻ׷ϣһָûţַ˳ȥڤڤεؼ·סַ㣬ɫ˲ò԰ֻоѾ˰㡣
໡ħŭһɫĹâ壬ͬʱ貵ĺڰħͷţƿգצץ貵ָ⣬໵һ˻ħ·𱻴͸һָڷŰҪݻ
𣡡ħŭХӴΪޱʢһָҪ
ħַ̤ɫ䣬û뵽ħȥһ
ϴ뿪ħֵתַ㿪ڵʹַͷݣɱħֱӳ˹ȥޱȿµ֮С
ɣٶȵһַָָ̺ܵʥɫѿ
ʥˣ̤ʥ֮ǰǿַ̫࣬ģȻ˴ħꪣȻŭһħƿɱֲħͬһڰֱۣӴһָ֮ϣʹ֮
ߣ쿴һĻɫһ䣬ַȥ졢쵽˼顣
ɱַЯޱȿµٶȽħꪴ̳Ȼһֻ̣ӿһֻĻ֮ͬ㣬棬ħꪴ棬ʹûĻѺۣҲַǰµЯֲʥַĴһַ̣оڻ֮С
ַоŶԷĻ֮ƺ˹ȥ̼䣬ֲʥϯ룬뵽ַ֮Уˣһɿµĺڻ֣޷룬·ֻƬлĽ֡
ϴ󣡡ħһŭ˻
ŽǿҲַ㿴ȥɫ΢Щ԰ףַ㣬ˣʥˣַ㣬ᱻɱ
а񣡡ɽĿҲַڵķɫӲѿаҪɱô
ַ屻Ĵݲţڲ磬ӵ޾ԼһɲǣҪ˿̣벻˶ԷĻ𹥻̧ͷ죬Էһ㣬Ļ֡
ʥ˽ο⣬аɡ˵·㣬Ļ棬֮
ͱʥһ˳Ӧ̤ʥַ˿һͷʱ죬ͷ·ڶַһϺʥ˽ܵˣǰҲʥǿߣûеĸܹ
˳Ӧַһ̣Ժͷ뷨
ûдݻַ㣬ǿѹȶ£Ȼʱȴַӿһֻ죬ͻأ¶һĨЦ⣬еԭˣһֱοһУҪԼףܹ磬ʵҴˣףұףԼʹһУȥãףҡҲңҵ磬Ҿ񡣡
㻹ַ¶Ц⣬оͷ΢Щôûдݻַ㣬ԷĨɱ
¿ˡַ㵭˵ʹɫ΢ô£оַͻȻ·˰㣬ָı䣬ƺһɲǼɵģ֮䣬ȴ·ڣκΨҶ
ַ˱޸ţ·ǲ֮㣬ֻɿֱ֣ϣȴɫһĨЦ⣬һĻʹ¶ɫ
ôܣ췢һŵ˻̤֮˹ʥ磬ôɱŽа
ʧˡַ㵭Į˵漴ҲͬһָԴȥɫ䣬Ȼ䱬ˣȻ˿ַܹߣֱָӵԴϣ̼䣬Ŀ漴ĻɢڵĨ飬ܿ죬ȥ
ͻһĻ̫칥ַ㣬Ҫַַ㷴죬һУֻɲ֮䣬˼Լ۾
ħסˡǿסˡŽǿסˣ˶û뵽ֱ֮졣
ϴ󣡡ħзһ˷ܵĺͻˣղţϴһͻˣ򲻿ܷת׼䣬ɱ̤ʥ죬ϴʵÿ£칥ͨʥ²ַĶ֡
ϴ츳ÿ£һ̤ʥֱҪ˦ĸ̤ʥˣ̫ˡħаޣ̫Щɫɣ̤ʥˣѵһ򲻻ԻԵ
죡ʦɫȻˣøѿĵ̤ʥһȽȽȻûлػͱɱˣ
峯¿׹ȥû˰Ѿȷ÷ǳ͸ˣʱʦϣӿһµʥַѹȶȥ
ȻǰһʥվǣƽĿŶԷ


2351 ֮
ôɱ˵ʱûʲôӦɱ˷ӦǿңַͬһʥĿ⿴ŻʥĮ˵ղţַͻȻ򣬿˾Ͳ죬ַˡ
Ƕô𣿡ʥʦ䣬̺в֮ǿҡ
Цʥֱɱˣ׼ʥôȻҲƴ󣬸轲ʲôԭֱӴǣʱݡ
Ļʹʦ۾΢΢Ž壬ʱݣ
ôĹŽ壬Ϊθ³ѵǿɨŽ廹治ɡ
ֻ˿ַߵԣŶԷЦ񷺣춼ôԸ๼ǻǿҪ٣Ҳֻѻʯˡ
Щˣûʲôɽģ˶ѾɱˣҪôǻ飬ǿǿ񷺣ɱģȴû뵽ɱ
ʦַ㣬·Ҫַ㿴͸϶ûиоӵʥǣղĵȷȷͻˣ򲻿ɱ죬֮ǰҲαװģͻƵַ㣬Сɵʥ͸ַķ豹棬ôĳף·Ǹûоˣ֮ͨˣʣȴǰǷ
ҲòϣŽس£аǸǱѰպҲܹﵽһֲĸ߶ȡ
ֻĽŲ̤ȴûַǣǳʬȥַȻɱ죬ڵŻ֮˵涯ʬϵıңϣҲȱʥڷʥ֮Ͷ˲ʥûأʵһħꪵҲǿ
ʦʬ뿪ˣļ˶ˣɽ̤ߵַǰַɫ˸ڵаʵǿնͻƣȻɱ죬ҸκβζҲɱˣҲĵˡ
֮£ҪлˡַЦŵɽܳȻΪ˰ųɽ͹Žûʲô顣
⵹С£㶼ȹһ˵Щʲôǣɱ񷺣Ҳˣɱ죬񷣬ָͻʥλͲһˣϣǲôưոˣҪСЩȻ㣬Ҳ˴ɽϿҵĵȻ̤ʥҪΪַͻվڶϣȻǲܵ飬׶ǲᷢĦַڴԣǸ˶ѡ
ףôưոݡַӦɱ񷺣죬ڱ֮£˶ɱͷˣѵŹԷɲԸ
Сĵ㣬ҲﲻʲôȻȥˡɽַкһ漴Ӱ˸뿪˹Žߡ
ȥɣַ㿴һߵˣ˵峯¿սȥ
գŽаɱ̤ʥϢûдȥΪֻ֪йŽһЩ˺ͻļˣ֮ǳɽˣŽԲȥҫˣǲἰµģɲʲôʵ飬죬̤ʥһжаɱ˵ȥֻЦܡ
ֵַǣصŽ֮󣬹Ž˿ûа»˼ַشľԼԼƵȻԺɨһȻǲģּĵˣƴľͲ¶˵ˣϲʵʥǿߣǾˣУȱʥǿߡ
ͥеԶʱʹˣҲеǴϹʱǣʷɽȥ̫һһһ̤ʥǼǲĴڣս䣬ˣʥֻ᲻ϵĵӣǺϹʱĩŵľսʥԴ䣬ͻԽԽ࣬ܶϹＶƽǿģַӲỳв١
޾ľ̫ͥ硢ڤ硢½źܶʥƽǻͨˣǴ꣬ߵǰϵãѷǵӰ㼣ȷȷʵʵĴ硣
ȻŽ˵ȻôַҲûҪѰգ˿̵ԱչأһȻµȻľ磬ȴôȹ̡
ʱַ֮Уֻ֮ϣһ̵ŸоԼ磬ָоܳ졣
ַһ괺Ϣ磬·һɲǼı䣬һ̣У̧ͷܵɴԼסˡ
֮ҵ֮ͬڱ˵ĵ֮ͬһУԼʹַ૵·𿴵磬΢֮ƣܻ磬磬ܻ磬˼ά뷨ȥ죬һƬƬ֮رٶǳء塢󡢽ءϵĸ֮Уȴδȥ̽
Ȼؾ츣ءֱ磬һȴűȥѰҡ
ַ㣬ִĸоԼ˼άܻԼ磬֮ͣ΢ַӰʧԭأһ̣ѩ¹ݳǻʹС
С㡣κɿַ㣬¶һĨЦ⣺ղôͻȻڱˣ
ĸףϲʲôڣַ΢Ц
ɣȻɫҶ׺磬δһֱκЦ
ãǾ졣ַ΢΢ͷʱȥҶ׷ɣʹеҶ·ҪϽɫһϮЩ⣬ʹκ¡
С㣬͵ˣκһ㵡
Сʵָˡֺֻ˹ַЦ
סַ㿴ֺ¶һĨЦ⣬κԼֺԭģǵΪҲ˺ַܶ࣬ڣ벻ѡ
ַүԽԽǿˣ¶˴˵еĵ֮˰ɡѩվǣַĿž֮ɫһֱǳַ㣬һַүɳѩ£ѩֱֱ仯
̫СˡֻСƤ˳Ըͨ۾ˣһȾ㹻ˡ
ѾͷͱˡַЦҡͷסĸףһԶٷɡ
ã³ȥκЦ£漴뿪ߣһˣڡ


2352 
ַͼһùֳͣԼĸ֮Уʱ룬ܹһܹˣ磬һͷ˸ַ֮ܵһܹ֮ףôǷܹ˳ɳǿ
뵽⣬ַЩĶ磬һʥ֮򣬵ʥˣ˸ʹ֮л̤ʥȻҲܹԼҲԼ磬иεĸԼܹ
˿ַ̣վ޾֮У֮ɽֻԼܹ˵Уˣַ㱳˫̧֣ͷ߿գ֮Ϣ·ľͷ
Գ磬ͻƵһ֮㻯ףˣӵΪµ޸ںս֮ʱܹоĹҲɱңΪһ֮Ϊ޸壬Ĺǿ󣬵ȴûа취˵ҡ
ַ·Ѿȥ˷̥پڣԳ磬УΪṩ޾޸ܲǿ󣬿˵ǰ֮
֮󣬸̺֮䲻Ҳ㹻ǿˣԣɱ죬Ҫ޷ŴϾڵ֮Ҳˣ磬ʥˣҪѹƣսûƣ磬ף磬İĴڡ
һ֮ʱҳɾ֮ʵһηԾΪ֮ǰڣ֮ǵڶͻƣɱ䣬Ӧó֮Ϊ׵ڶƿ֪֮δ֮ٶܻﵽʲô̶ȣָĸַܻаڣ޷һܻľ磬ǽɵľ磬˶ͬûǰо飬ΨԼȥ
һ֮һУԽ̤ʥ֮ˣôҲôԼʥĹˡַ뵽ˣʥ֮⣬ڵӵ֮ҲܵһֿµĲΣҲһĲΣܹˣһڹ֮УǷǿĲΡ
ڣһַԣ̫Ŀܡ
ãַԼ磬Žһж쵱Уֻվжڵһʯ̨֮ϣĿȻſ̼䣬пֲ֮ǰֶȥһɿµһУ֯һڰΣ޷ι̣·
Ȼܹãܹƾƿأǹɿ磬ȴ⵽ѹƣҵĶֶƿسƣܹƽҵĹַа磬ܹɱĶ֡
ַ㣬ڶĸ֮Уһ֮پһһΣҲɱ䡣
޾ԳףÿһǿַеϲܻҲܼѡ
ϴ󣡡ʱһжַ¶һĨϲɫϴȹΪ֮󣬸оΣ
ַ㿴ħ¶һĨЦ⣬ڵãи뷨ɲУȥҵ硣
˵ţַŰħӰһʧƬַ֮Ͱħһڵ磬˵֮ء
СһħóħͿռǿħ֮ԼռϣܷһЩַ㿪˵̼䣬ħͻȻ·һƬ޾Ԩ֮УΨ޾ħħ⾳ħ֮Եħ֮Įħ֮ơˣðħɫ˲
־磬УʵѾǸˣԽԽ죬һжҲͻƾ磬ַ㣬ֱӴħ֮
ϴѾܹ̫һЩӵеˡħ˵̫ʱ򣬾ؾڣַҲܴ졣
ʱַ㿴գʱһڤڤе֮·ħ֮Уףͳʥˣðħȥ򣬵ȻĸҪ㹻ĲΣܹʥˡ
ΪףܹƿظϵԼûܹ⾳ͬ޷
𡭡ХֻħӴħԨг˳ϴ󣬸оͲôһ˿Ҷܹħʥˡ
١ַЦҡҡͷȷҵһЩؾȻǰҵĸҪǿؾá
ħ˵ͷ
һܹʱؾıʱţǸöôǿ󣬿ϧʱѾʧľڵУûмóʱǿˣ࣬ҲֻһЩ֮е£һʱ⾳
ַ̾ϢһʱţǳϧΪ̫ǿע˲ܴڰɣҲǴ䣬ƿʱܹıʱ⣬Ǹжô¡
Ҳߴ֮һĺʱܹʱ֮⾳ˣ˵ʱżҲ֪٣û˸ҽʱضزħҲΪʱеϧҲҪƿʱ˻жô֮֮
֮ʼʱκ綼һҵ磬磬вͬʱϣȫͬҪıʱ⣬͵øıе򣬺ѡַĿ˸Լ磬ʱ۸ıˣ֪ǰʱǿߣеģδʱ⡣
ȻԶˣľڶûмأЩ̫ŵĴǻţҲ֪һЩ


2353 Լ
ƺͬŽԤǰ㣬ʼûַ鷳·񷺣Լ˰㣬ȻŽǿߣɲΪô׵ķŹַ㡣
ַҲǰһʱգԼͻ֮ľ磬ȹΪʹʵǿַţʥİʥǿߣûܹսʤˣַţš
һ죬Žյһ뺯Ҫžķ嶨ףŽǿǰȥͣڹŽǿõ뺯ĵһʱ䣬ǱᵽһıζȻ뺯ɻǽַУǷıַ֪Ȩġ
ַ㿴뺯ǰĹŽߵлӰӣôûûа㸴˼ҿɲŻɱô޶ԣҲһֱѰһᣬɱĻᡣ
ͷߵĺܽž˶֪ҺαҪжףǹŽ壬ⱾȫûбҪ
ȻʵۼϵַĹϵ֪ŽаĹϵôԣҲֻҪ̽¡
Ҳɡַ΢ЦµҪεĻɱңҲǰɾʥɣ
ɣɵʥռʥеӦòôɾʥ߶ɣΪ˶Ը㣬˶λʥдʥԼҲÿŽǿ߿ڵ
ȻұȥߣҲ޷ĶԸңӦҲܹȫˡַ˵ʹùŽǿɫ£ַһۣ漴΢Цŵ˵ͷַԼʵţŵΪСɵʥѾ޷סɱˡ
ȻҲַ֪һǳʥħ£ǿַӵеʵȻܹӺǿսգĿøնַɱ죬𾪵ǣ칥ûʲô飬·ʥ죬޷
뵽⣬Žǿ߿ַһۣЦʥ֮ʥʥж
ʥôַеѾʥˣ壬Ҫɱôס
аɡַ΢ЦԷҲЦ£ٶʲô

壬һո֣գҪͷ£ž֮У˲ٴǰأȻǲ֪ΪλͷҪ֮£ǿⶨףûбҪȻѾ˵ˣαػҪһ٣ϣɶֵüΪ飬ǰףء
ڷڲһƬϲ죬Ƿ壬Ƕ֪˾ٵ⣬ȻԸǰ̸֮£ȻԸģǶԣǺ¡
˿̣ĺ嫹㳡Ϣǰλϣǿߺͷĵǣ̸ʢ
ڻʥǿԣλһǻӣһˣǻĻ죬ͷն»ԼӺ;񷺣Ȼ񷺣䣬ַɱ죬ʱԻԣ˭ôҪֻҪ֮˱㹻ˣ壬Ҳûʲô
ѾͷûǼ޸Щίˡ˿̣ʥǿ΢Цŵ
ɽֺγԣѾͷ£ѾȥˣغܿļЦŻӦӺͻ춼ѵõԺȻǰ;
ɽЦŵ˵ͷĿ⳯ȺһۣʱǵɫĮŻˣȻǷǳԸġ
ѾͷӾ󣬱ɽʦֶൣڷļߣһλЦŵǾĸס
Ż£Ҳϡ˵ȴѹıȽϵͣȻԸҲ֪ܴŭ壬ܲ˼˵ǹ˼һӡ
ȵعͷɨ˾һۣ漴õĹޡ
Ϊİɡѹţ˵ĶԻѹúܵ͡
ȥļ˵һ漴ߵԱȥʼš
ּЦˡļε
ûϵиԣźãûȥúüԦɽЦ˵һ˵ŶعͷֵȺ·һƬгȻʲô¾û֪ˡ
ʱֻһӰ溬Ц⣬ĻĿתȺӰͫ΢΢£ɫ˲ˣ˲ַ֪ɱ飬еǷǳġ
ĳˣǲ֪ɫĮаһ
ٻ˶ַ㣬ǵĿʱ΢΢
ɽȻҲˣˣַӰȻϵַ㡣
ռȻ£磬Ƚ;ѾͷػɣҲЩȺúദһʱգȻҲϤˡɽĿ˷ļЦ˵
ļЩɻ󣬲֪ԷôͻȻ뵽£Цŵ˵ͷ˵ĻҲá
ôŽеŮֺûüǿôһʹ÷ļɫ£漴Ŀתַ㣬΢΢գȻиҵˣ
һַֻ֮ǰȻ˺üӰǷǿߣɫĮַ㣬ɱ
ÿĸ׵˵ʱַǰ£Ϣɺ䣬ַ꣬¶һĨЦŽ壬а񣡡
ǡַ㺬Ц˵
ö˶˵ĹŽ岻ţҷ壬Ϊǲ۸ô͸ŵ⣬һֱڷ嵱УڻеϢ֪Ĳ࣬Ҳöʣˣַɱ飬ǲ֪ġ
ܹ۸ˣҲ޷ֻὫԼŮˡַ㺬Ц̵ʹɫ΢΢ȤļһҴڸˡ


2354 ǿս
ļĿҲַ㣬ɫ΢кâ˸Žа񣬻
񣬹Ž彵ž崦ͬһʹžеĲ˶ȽϣаΪŽ⵹Ҳʢ嵹ܹˣŽа£ʲô
ȻϾǷļҲҪֳһЩȵģֻƽĿڵаҷ壬ȴ˵˲֪ô֮ԣûкĽͣգ㲻Ҫ뿪ˡ
ûʲôý͵ģֻаԼСΪͶԵЩ߷̬ȣȻеŮֺûֻȰһ£ĪҪĺã򣬷壬¡ַ㵭Į˵ʹ÷ļ۾΢΢ав
÷ļһļаɫ¶һĨ⣬ǹŽ󱲣ʥٸһλᣬߵͷǸҲΪ㣬˵ҷûжΪѺ󱲡
Ϊϲ𣬾ҲΪһ֮ЦַĮʱ׵
ѾˣаȻǴ£ûҪϴࡣĸ׵˵ʱղŴַµӰٶȳַǰǵ϶ͷų֮Ϣ
Ȼ䣬ֻĵͬʱַ˳ȥ·ҪһɲǼ佫ַû㣬£µĻ˲ϢַûʹȺ¶һĨɫŽа񣬻ôһȻûȥ
ԣǡʱɫ£ַֻվڻ֮УղǿµĹϣδҡֺ޷˺
¡ĸ׵˾䣬ǵĹַ㶼޷Ǳûмսȥˣ˲õѡ񣬷һַ㷴¼˻Σա
Ȼ¶ָ£ͻأ䣬ղŹַļϣһɿµĻϯϣǵ嶼û档
ֻһҽһַֻ̣ļ϶ȼµĻ棬޻֮Ȼһ̣ȴ壬֮״˴Ŀģܲң·Ҫ
ʥ𣿡Ⱥͫǣûпף˵ϣͻȻȼ˻棬޷Ϩ֮˲Ϣûֻ嶯ˣһ⻪㣬˲Ϣǰ£ȼյĻϨȻȴȻϾ·ǻȼյģǵ塣
ˡ꿴һĻɫȻøѿĿⶢַ㣬ղţʥôȻȴûиоʥ·ǻ棬һȫһĻ棬ޱȿµĴݻ
ַ㣬ʼվ·𣬶δ˿¶ףôġ
ҵ͹ˡһʥַѹȶȥ̼䣬һѹַϣ֮ʹ޾ƶΪ֮ýַоԼڣ·Ҫȼ档
ɱһ³£죬ֻһûﳯַɱȥһ֮ޱǿᣬ֮𣬷ɱַ㡣
ȻַֻǰֲĻ۶һ±˪޶ܣ﹥棬޷ƿ
𣡡ַһ³ּ֮Ӵ˻гѤһĻһµĻǣب֮ϡ
ʥɫ΢΢£Ž֮аȻ̤ʥһַ̤żʱ䣬ƵʥÿµУʥףһ츳ǿˣ޷Ʈ̤ʥȻַ㣬˶ݵʱ䣬ˡ
Žа񣬾ȻʥˡȺҲΪ𺳣ʥܺʥ˿⡣
ѹ˷ˣԭ̤ʥΣ̤ʥǿЦһףʥ֮ˣҲвġЦ˵漴ֻ·֮а㣬ָֻǰַָһõĺɫ֮УЯֲʥַɱȥǺڻ𶴴һУ˲ϢַǰͻȻǺڰָ֮·һڰ㣬һڷӰû̫µĶѹȫַˣܿ¡
ԣЩڷӰҲˣٲϵӹԽԽǿȺͫɫ
ַһĴգؼһֲĴعŶܣתؼתĹŶ֮ϣµĺڷǹɿµתжжȥ޷ͻƴعŶܵķ͸
ŽаǸ̤ʥǿôôֶ࣬⹥ſֲܡ
ҸоĹ֮УƺŶܣĽͨô֮ζС
˵սȺ֣Žаʵǿ
ȻʱֻһУ̼䣬֮ϣ·һµĻڶ㣬Ƭأ֮ϣзŭ֮Хڶ·Ҳ˰ɫĻ̺Ŀܣ֪жôĿֲΧһ·Ҫ
ʥôʥܣֲ̫ˣ
ļ΢΢Žа񣬾Ȼȵʹֵֹýˡ
ˣӰַǰڶڹŶ֮ϣкڶŶܶһȥһȼճңƬգ·Ҫڶ棬Ȼٳɷ棬ַ㣬᧿Σ

յУ˳׵Ļڶۼַ㣬·Ѿǹܰסˣֻһ˿̵
̤ʥȻ޷;ȹ̵ʥᲢۣаĶ֣Ѿ̤ʥĿ´ڣһǻӣʥ̫ˣ޷а֮£ѾѵˡȺ·ѾԤϵַĻ
ȻʱַֻɫŶԷޱߵĺڰͬڶ㣬̼䣬ֻоǰãˣҪݵڶ֮УƬ֮һƬڰ硣
ôܣͫԷôһݣ
ʵУһʹ΢΢£漴оһ֮շѹֿĴХķ֪һ·޾֮С
䣡һֱӺϣ漴ֻоݺݵĲ£磬ݺݵ׷˳ȥ³Ѫ
ôܣɫ¶ŵɫַֻôվǰĮӵĵǾĸף˿̣Ǹˣ


2355 ɱ
ʥʥŽа׵Ļ̤ʥѾõ꣬ʥǿߣĶ֣Ǿĸףа񣬸ղžɱˡ
ȺһĻԣôĹŽس£ȻбŽھͥа񣬾˵ϴͻսʱֻʥ۾ɣˣŶ̶̼ȥһɱ䡢Ծʥʣ̫ˡ
ĸĿַ㣬гȻǰ̤ʥЩľƽͣ򾳽磬áʥǷǳȹ̣սǿᣬȻգһ̤ʥ֮ǰȴԵ˵Ĳ裬·ǿԼŮġ
ΪС㣬ˡ㲻ˣΪ֮ףҲûʸǿʲôǾСԸ̤ѡԸԼ׵ģȴΪʸϻͳѵģ濴̫ϰߣ壬βɴΪūͣǸá
ַƽ˵ʹ˶˵ǰͬΪžĴֻǸӶѣǷʲô£ǵҲֵÿ֣岻Ҫʸô˿ַ̣㵱ڴ磬ȥū͡
ڷˣ˿һԶɫ䣬ɨַ㣬Ƿļк˸ֲַ֮⳯ȥˣʥ
ֻĿ⻺תٿǿߣȻȴǿֻ溬Ц⣬ƽޱȣַ㣬·£ûйϵ㣬ͷ΢£ҪԼ£ҲͬҪʵΡ
;Ѿͷأȴǻػ飬ͷ峤Լ׵ˡɽɫתŷļƽ˵飬ͽԼҪȽ˴ߡ
ļͷΪƣַ嶪ʧ棬ǽŮ͸ʸߣùô࣬ǸôߣҪߣҲû建һ
վǽĮ˿̣ûΪҷ忼ǡļа̾һЩʧȻʧȴ޷˵ֻ̣ʱ򣬻ûа㿼ӣھҪߡ
ļ˵ͷˣ
ΪĮ˿ƸղǰˣȻкǲãɽˣȴֱӺˣֻ˿̱ɽǹһĨЦ뵽ǽոΪԼǳַİɡ
ϣܹܺõĽַ㣬Ҳöˣڱ˵֮ѹַ㣬ȻǷ޷飬ַѾˣǻгֵɵġ
壬ǽеС㵱˷˿ô֪ܡַɫĮ
죡Ȼ䣬һֻ֮ļٶͬһ㳯ַأַֻоһ֧µķ֮նɱȥδоƶҪǹѵ
ַĳŶ֣Ȼֻ촫һιŶֱܱӸ貵ķһַǰַоһ֮ӣȻ䱬ˣҫӰȻʧ˵Զͫǣͷ΢΢
ַԼĶͷŵѪۣ˲Ϣָ糣̧ͷַ㳯ԶվķȥɫһɫЦǷļʥ֮СɰɣȻ磬֮ǰͬϣҳԷκһ仰־ɱԷˣȴô
ַ͸żаͬа֮Ȼ䣬ֻУħֲ֣ꪳħķǹڴħ֮ϵħ˲·һħͷ˻㡣
Ų΢΢ǰһļַаЦ۾ɵ΢΢ı·ħıУڴħ֮ϣ·ħڲϵд̶ȴԵЩ΢̫ȴ˺ܲ·ܵħ
µַ·˶޾Ŀռ֮Уͻأ䣬ַӰʧһȻֱӳ˷ǰħŭХ硢籼ס
𡢺𡢺𡭡ħħڴħ֮ǰȺ·ܹһħͷӰŷļ˳ȥͬʱħͷ䡣
ļһɫ䣬ֻоԼԺ֮ʬǶѻħǣһħͷԴ˻ѪɺӣоʹԴ·Ҫͱѵ
ȥļ屬˵ͬʱ·ʥ˫ķ½棬ͬʱʥǿޱߣЩֲħ֮ȻħŭԼ·һصƵΨס
ơоɿֲ⾳⻹о֮ɱļϳһ̫֮Ҫҫۣǰɱ¡һ죬֮ӱˣ¡¡Ŀ±֮Ⱥֻļֱײ˴ǽڡ
ǿħꪣÿֲȺɫҲţͷ𺳣ļһˣͬһλַһ̫ˡ
ĹȻûӰ쵽Χ򣬿ɼǶĿƵ˺εȿµĵزʥˣǵĻ£ҲǿĲȺаֻļ˸Ȼֳˣһԣ˴;һĻ޲ɫ𵴡
۸󱲣ļôҾҪھСС뿪ҵҪ˭ңֳִַħꪣŲǰ̤ħָ֮ħ²Ϣʱַ㣬ͬһħɫڣ䵽㡣
ߣɱַŲ;ڵķȥҪߵģ壬ģûʲôֵþģ


2356 ڲħ
Ȼϵаַģַ¶һĨ΢Ц壬ûʲôģΪַ㣬Ҳ̤壬ͷϸ񿴵ַΪǰҪˣȻˣ֮УַǳţַȻֳޱǿս
΢Щã֪аַ㣬˺ΪһżεˣԸˣͬ뷨Ըڷˣǰ壬оΪû뵽ôΪƷԼΪˣĸϷ壬ĸס
ַһǰļɫѿղһַˣεѿֳִħ֮ʱһħҪɱһ赲ǰˣɻڳĬ·ûйϵ
ˣַ㣬̫ǿˣļһ֮ʥСɣȻǰʥ۵ˣַеʥȻǿ󣬵ǿβٿǿıңʵǿĻһλСɾʥֱʥֱӽĨɱ
ֻɫԽԽˣϳֵĻûְܹˣˣǰ벽ʥˣ£׾ҪԷɱͬĸԷûнʥ׻ܣܹĨɱ
žټķ壬һǿƣѹôң棬飬ֱǴδйġ
ٲһ᲻ϧһдۣɱʱֻļ˵ַ㣬ϣ·һӰһصϢ·Ϊһ¡
ڣļȵ̶ֳȣɱַ㣬ֻϣַԼ뿪
ԲѣַڵͫɨŲɣ;ȥĿԵļӰ֮ʱǵĿȻ仯ڰ
ˣһȣʱֻоԴ𺳣·٣Ժ֮УԼǻþ֮Ȼֻ۵ǵԴ˲Ѫֲħɶ˵ħ֮У漴Ⱥֻλǿʥ׵ʧ
ʥǰ۾һҪ͵Žаһȣһͷɱǣױȵ츳ǰаǺͬȼĴڣ˿̺ܶҪ֪Žа˶£̤ʥ
ֻļ죬ֻϣһ貵Ĺ⻪𣬷嫵ķ壬ܿ죬ɫĻ񷣬Ž壬ֻԶһֲķֻ֮֮ϣȻֹŷĻ壬ͺһԵʵķˣǣ
ǣȺ̧ͷֻоһ޴ķעԼͷ˵ĲǷĵôÿֲϢ
ַҲ̧ͷգ漴ٿļĵѪʥô
ҪҾͳȫ㣡ļɫ䣬ֻ֮Уһ֮һŷӰƳ뽣УʹýƬص·ҪչХˡ
ڷϿգ·һ޴֮Ӱبӵ֮ռеˣڡ
ǿУʥӵйʱһΣ¹ŽаҪˣ
Ⱥ׷׵ԶԶ˿뿪аߣվǣ֮ܳꡣ
еʥԷΪɿԿˡ㲻ֻļַ˵ȻʱַýĻֹͣ˳;ַ̤ⳡս²ܴˡ
Ҫ´ħôҲǰòŷ֣ħ֮У̺һ־ħôսҳȫ㡣ַ·һɫħףƺӰøߴеĴħꪷţڴħꪵǰΣħŭݣ˵ĸоǣʥ·ʬɽѪɺӵħս棬մȾޱȿµħͷѪ
ԭʥǴħꪣ֪ĵһ˭Ϊ˹ŽаСȺַеʥ뵽ԹʱʥУ̺ħô
Ȼڤ飬Ҿνľħˡļ˵漴ֻͷ죬漴ŭһն
£ַնɱַ壬·һɿֲ֮նɱ£׽һ벽ʥɱ
ʥַĮ˵ֲֻķ֮ŭХַԼħ֮ϣ漴ֻƲħꪷˣԼħꪣͬһ磬۵첻ϣһħͷӰأŸɱȥ
ɱļŲǰ̤ٶȱȣһնķȻַţ£һ貵ķˡ
ȥַƿصĴħֱӳأֻħֱꪳӴ͸˵ƿһУϿչȥַܵϵ
ҲڴʱֻļȻ䳯ַ˳ȥϱ޾˹⻪
ɱһĳƹŷﳯַ㹥ַһԾʱħꪻصϣ£ӰʧħЯ·˳ȥ
ߣԷ¶Цݣǰ·һӰ֣ħһУɱ˶Է塣
ȺһĻͫ£ħꪣ˶Է壿
ʱǿļ۽¶Цǲ֮
˵գֱӴ˴ħꪣֲĹЮַ壬漴Ϸӡַϡ
ȥµĻ湥ַڣַմħꪣ˳ȥ³һѪɫ԰ףޱȿֲ壬ʹ岻÷ļɫǿĹַֻ˶ѣ
ַֻԴħ֧壬ٶվñֱĮĿŶԷ֮˸㣬Ҳǲ֮ҵҪĲ֮ҵ
˵գַֻٶȳǰ˵ͷֹ̫ˣսˣҿδֲ̫ЩĪǲ֮
ҵҪĲֿܷ֮˴ħ̺ħֳִַħꪳǰ̼߳䣬һϵħ֮䣬ħħһħ˲Ƭա
úø°ɡַӰʧħٶȴɱ̼䣬·аħ֣ʱˣоʬɽħѪĳǿµħ˽뵽⾳УѪɺӣħĩա
ħͷͣħ̺֮ħħ£


2357 
ħ£ͫ£ǿеħħ£ңԴħꪷƣػħû⻪
ˡˡˡֻյУһħͷ֣︡ħѹ۶ƴбٻֲޱȡ
ħ£ٻǿħΪսħɴħꪷٻħԶͬϹŵħͷһÿ¡Ⱥֻһħͷֳֿµħֲ棬Ȼ䳯һ޴ĹŷӰɱȥ˲ϢֱӽǹŷﶤյУڹŷϣһֲ棬
Ȼħս֮ʱٻħһħ̺ħ£ôΪħʹôħӵħ£Ϊħꪣħŵħ£ַʣȻȴҲ޽⣬£ͬħݰ㣬ͬһգ޷֪
ֳִħꪣַЯʮħͬʱǰ˷ļֻԷɫѿħꪣ̫ˣڲħ¡
ֻ֮ϣ޴ĹŷӰ˸ޱ貵ĹâϣʱʹճһɫĻӰϼ⣬·ҪͲ
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ֻħϣԶֽɫԼХķ֮ӰһȫʧַĴħꪱħᴩأͬʱħͷͬʱɱɽħơݵħͫɱһеħֲ桢춯صħХ˵첻ϴֻһӰ飬ֻŭһ֮·Ƭռ䶼ȼڻ֮С
ļĿⶢַ㣬ɱ⣬ˣһҪɱ
ĽŲ΢ַ̤˹ȥ·ʱһħͷֻΪɱַ㣬ַЩħͷȻͲˣħꪣҲˡ
ֻͣһֲħֱֲӶϣȻֻõķ˹⻪ҫɳǰǿµĹ·˲
ţַɫ£̧ͷһֻۣ֮ϵķӰ·ڶԷңӦһ壬ⲻɱɱ
ߣһַеĴħꪳɱϿĻӰͬʱħڿգɱϿ֮ء
ҪֻԷһʱ֮Ӱַ˹ȥַɫ£ħŭɱֱӴ˶ԷԴУȻԷ·õİ㣬ֻ޾֮ȼգͬʱһ˽ַϣ޾Ļ棬ַڣݻһ
ֻɲǼ䣬ַֻоԼ嶼ҪٻٵԴԴ·ܹԼף粻
ÿ£ˣǲȺɫ𺳣սѾһĽˣֲ̫ˡ
𣡡ļŭһоַڵǹҪݻٵ磬ϵַ֮Уʥ֮Ҫڲ֮
ַɫѿԳ磬ϣȻɻм޵ģ֮ǿٽ㣬һᱻݻ١
ϿգħĺϵӴӰʹӰϵıƮ죬Ƽ
ڣҲɱ㣬ˣַ˵漴ֻһħٶȳ̳һֲ¡һ죬Ӱ飬ƺļˣȻַɵˣ͵һ촫ħֱӴüģɨһУͬʱħһɲǼ䣬ļӰؼʧ
ˣȺɫǿķգڻ嶨֮գɱңǱŽаɱ
аŽطŹâȺ޴ⳡս̵̫𵴣壬˭赲а
ֻһħΪޱħӿħ֮ʧӰǼʥ˵¶֮⣬ʥÿֲ̫ˡ
ôĵӣֻһȺɫ΢£ĿתϯĻǿȥղſ˵֮ˣǱɽֻʱվĿⶢַ㣬һɿϢϯ
Žа񣬾ƻһͷ嶨һ£һۺ󱲣δ֣Ȼа̫ˣɱ˷ļҪһŮˡɽĮ˵Ҫַ㶨ȻȺо˿˿⣬ǷˣǸо䡣
ַͷǿսңһֱԹֱۣ˿̣ɱվַ㣬ˣλ᲻о䡣
ףͷϵô
ܷ̣ļΪƷãɱַ㻹ãַɱֻ˵ˣãǻֱɱַˡ
ʦܣԺͽƷļ֮λɡɽĿ⿴֮ףԷɫ£漴΢΢˵ͷʹͷٶȲ¡
֮ףǻӣʵϣǷŮ޷ѪͻϵЩļ֮λֵõ˽ƣȻɽ˵֮ˣ˭ܶ죿ڴ˿̣ļСʥձɱ
ڱɽ˵ͬʱԣֶӰˣ·ƽ˰㣬ûκεϢվǣΪͬʵһֱ뾲ﲻԶֻǴ˿վ˵ߣȺע⵽ǵĴڣտʼ̫ۡ
豹桢ʥô
Ⱥɫ£ˣҲǻǿߣŽа񣬸Ĺâ񣬻Ҫ׼һ
ַĿ⿴˱ɽ漴ֿ򾲺ǱߣɫĮ׼Ҫˡ
һĶԹʱֵõܣСС㣬ʱӦΪŮˣ
ɽЦ£ڵЩֲܡ
ɱ˻񷺣̤ʥҪңȴҲɱǻҪԸңֱ˶ֱǣαҪαа񣬿ǣַЦһʹòɫ̤ʥŽаɱˣ
ѹˣ
ɽûַ㣬ֻǿڵߣ
Ļ£ʱǿЮ;׼뿪ߣʹַͫ£֣


2358 ַʥ
΢΢һʱħ֮еħٶȷͷŶַֻñһɾϱħ֮ϣȺֻоǴħꪣͬ
˵ɱңɱ󡣡ַǰâҫһޱȿµƬգƺŷ֮
͡ħ֮Ŀħʹñɽɫ£ַϣоһһǰɱ֮ƣ·𣬽߾Լưոݣ֮ˣҲҪɱ
񣬼Ȼˣҳȫ㡣ɽĮڣĻ£ʱһǿ˸ͻأĳƬռ䣬һʥĿ´ڡ
Ⱥͫͷ޾Ȼܹ׳˶ʥĴڣ¾ֻЩˣԼ̫һЩ壬ΨǣܹʥǿߣĹʥˣ¶һ֪Կޡ
һΣǱһֵǿߣеһˣҪôɢޣǿ󣬶͵Ĺ󣬱Ͼھۣ̫֮ˣܶҡǡ
ַ̧ͷʥɫ̣ʥˣӵпµʥԽ֮Խǿ֮ͨԽǿʢʥһ֣Ǻ˵ġ
ܺãҵҪʥʵΣַɫֻĽ£һޱ貵Ľɫչ⻪ţ֮ϣһ貵ĹƸ֣ܿ죬֮ϳһƬɫ磬Ƭط·Уַֻü֮У֮ޱߣǧ˿ơ
һǡȺͷݺ£տʼַսǱоĹƺ̺У˿̿һĻλס
֮һ󣬺ǿǹŽа񣬲Ϊʥ˼Ĵڣһ󽳡
µˣﻯɫ磬ÿˣ·ڶĽɫյУΧȺǣ
ǿ󷨣˿̣ΧȺ֮Уֻһ֣ǰĽɫ̣·λһɫʯǰң涼ֽɫʯֻϣۼǿȻ䳯ǰݺݵĺ˳ȥ˵һصȻǽɫʯȵĴǣ·بŵĴڣ䡣
飬޷ˣҵΪʥ۷壬ûмʥ۵սҲ̫ˣһǣ޷顣ɫ𺳣˿ΧˣԶΪ𾪡
ַǧһļǿ棬շӡ֮󣬶ңĿɣ᲻ɴݣںڵãʥ۷ܹġ
ɽĿҲ˲·ʶ˲Ծܿ¡
ֻ̧ƣȻ䳯ǰһָ̼ǰһɫʯ飬ĽŲַķλ̤Ȼ߳ɲǣȻ֣ǽɫʯ˲Ϣ޸·ͲΪĻʧ
ãͻȻʲô㣬漴;ڵķλȥȻֵõȣ͵һɲǣַѾ˾ߣ˴֮УƬ֮Уֻһܹԣ˶Ϲӡ
ԵһУһʥɫѿ֣һȻûнɫʯݻ٣˿µݺݵһĴɫʯ飬·ΪޣȻʯɲǣħ֮ͫѸٵķŴʹɫ˲ϢҰѪɫ
ħꪣ
͡ħֱӹᴩͷ­ħ˲佫У̼ʹɢħ֮ŵĿħ̫ǿˡ
ַĿ䣬ͬħ񣬴ħջأĿһطһʥǣҲǸղѹ;ʥˡ
Ǳôģַ䣬漴ħٶȴɱ˳ȥֱӴһɫʯһǿߵĺУǿ߸ûʶȵֵʱ㶼㲻ˣֱӱɱĺεȱ
ţʱַ㷢˱ɽɱɵ¶һĨЦҲΪбɽλСɵʥϺüλʥǿߣɱ練ưɣϧɵ͹ֵ͹Ĵۣܲʹ
ַӰֱӴ͸һ貵Ľɫʯɫķʯܹ赲
ɽղڵķտռ䣬ɫ£ûˣأѾаˣת£漴̧ͷϿգƺȥѡ
ˣֻɽ𣬳ϿնȥȻʱһɿµΣн٣ʹñɽɫȻһǰȻֲֿĻ޶ܡ
ꡭ֮飬ħֱӴ˱ɽǰʹñɽֱƳ˹ȥɫʯ飬ͬʱĳϿճȥųһ亹գ˿ٶͬһ貵Ļʸ㣬ƳŸ߿ɱ¡һ죬̤֮С
վеıɽĿɨ¿գյĿµĴƬռ䶼ˣֻ£ǲҲһַϣΪˡ
ãˡڴ˿̣ɽʲô㣬ӿ亹γ֮⣬˺üλʥĴڣֻһСɵʥڣΪݣǱɱַģû뵽
֮ϣޱȿֲĻ֮۶ɽ֮֮УһޱȾ޴ĺɫӡ漴¿ӡ˹ȥ
𣡡ɽŭһʱǾ޴ޱȵĿºɫӡ¿պȥҪ潫ƿ˲ܳ
ȻʱһɹɿµĽɫվǽɫķտռ䣬·õһɲǼ䣬Ϊõģ·𲻴֮䡣
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ɢȻֻ˿̣ɽ۾ǣ΢΢鴤ţĿַϷŰĿȻʧڴУһΪ
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ʦ壬ӣһҪɱйŽ壬Ҫ֮ʥɫѿɱ£ͬʱԶֲϢХȻп´ڷʥ֮˲䣬Ҳ


2359 Ž
ɽǻʥĿת漴ǿ˺ХӰɽɫѿˣʦֵܣʵǿᣬȻǿʥ飬֪Ǳɱżٵĸϵ
Ȼǵˣɽûа˵ʥǿ䣬еɱΣɽӢ٣涼׶ˣңʥͺͻǿǧ˿ƵϵصҲҪܿѹ
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ǾֱӴݻɫĿ⳯¿ȥɽ΢΢ͷڵҲģݻ٣Žа񣬸˷ɱ֮ȥŽ壬ͷ֮ޡ
ǵ̸֮еַĿϿգɫ䣬ħɽУЩΣˣǿٶ̫죬ǿ¶Сɾʥʵȱɽ˵֮ˣƱȱɽҪǿˣ·ɽǰҪһȰ㣬ǸݣħꪣҲ޷ġ
ң˵ǱɣôʥɱŪ˲٣ֱǨŭڹŽϣŭֱȫҪˡ
˿ַ̣Ŀת˴еһˣǾĸףַȻֱ˽ϾǾ䣬Ǳߣ˸С
΢ַֻ㶸Ȼǰ
㡭꿴ַɫȻ£ȻȴַͲҪ
ַץŶԷ漴Ȼ佫˦˳ȥͫ΢΢漴еļλǿߣɫɵңǣƺ׼·ռ䡣
аھңɫһɲǼ䣬ֻоǧп
ȥϿգһ˸ٺˣ漴һеĴӡ¿Ĵȥ飬·һ˲仯Ϊ޾ǿĹǿᵽһĳ̶ȣҲֱ߽ȻϿռλǿߵĹѾ˴ĳܼޡ
ң֮󣬹£ǿշѹһУеȺ̧ͷŻƣɫ˲ò԰ֽѪɫĩս١
һʵŭص֮УȻûãСʥǿߵĻ𹥻Ǳǵˣʥ֮µˣܳܵˣһ䣬ܲңĪɱ
壬Ҳ˺ܶˣ꿴¿ջһĻɫҲò԰ףΪѿǾԵİԵǿȨʵһУΪŽа֮ˣΪᣬǿߣûа˼˵ɱ
Ĺ֮Уһħꪷ·գǣһлɢħ֮Уַվǣ̧ͷĿ䣬֮ϵǿߡ
ܲڹŽ壬ǿϧˡɽԵǿ߿ַ㣬̾ϢһоЩϧˣ˹Ž壬ΪУɱ֮ˣȻˣΨ·ѣһλС
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һǿƴжļˣɫڱˣüͷ壬߳Ӱ
ַҲ£ЩˣǹŽǿߣ
Ž壬ʱӵôµ⵽֮ˣɶʥ
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ҪҹŽˣ˵Ҫʲô
˻£ļĿⶼˣŽ壬ĪҶǻɱ䣿
Ž壬Ѿô
̲ղŶ˵ҪҹŽ壬˵ȻĲˣѾ޴ءŽǿЦһ漴ҹŽǷǣǿˡ
˵գǿͬʱ˲ڱأЩǿɫ£漴ĿⶸȻ䳯ַȥ£
ˡŭХʥˣȫַ˹ȥ׼ַ㣬вŽ֮ˡ
侲ַ㿴˳˹еĴħֱӳջʱ֮Ϸ·һħӡ
ȻʱһֲĻӡֱӽħշ飬˵ٶȶ磬ַ㡣
£ͬʱ֣ΪĬһֲַָܵĿռ䣬ַκһλӣᱻָУɱ
СģֲĽ⳯ŽǿȫΧ˶Щǿߵٶȼ죬һַܹ㡣
ȥַͫ׻֮ͫȻ䣬ȫڰþ֮УȻһ̣α㱻ֱӻˡ
ɱֻһֳִַħꪣޱȿֲԼ֮˱ɽ
ɽŭһΪףַֿ㣬ͬʱ˫ͫµĻ͸ַ꣬λǿߣҲͬʱַ㷢˹һɿµĻַ㣬ǱɽʦֵĹΪ¡
ַ֮·֮УͬʱħֱӴ뿪ɱ˱ɽֲħ͸ܣŶԷɱȥɽɫѿ屬ˣҲͬʱϿգз·һӰ֣漴һɱ£ֱӡԴϡ
͡ħꪴ͸壬ʹñɽĿⶨסˡ


2360 ɲ
ɽŽǿԼħͬʱУֱɣȻַҲùħ֮⼸ǿߵĹǰ֮֮УҪУʱַ㱻ÿѪɫ԰ףӵпֲĲһ͵ñɱ
Ҳʱ򣬹ŽǿڸϵˣֲĽ˲ϢסǿߣֱӽǴĿռ֮磬ʹַͫ¡
ŽǿߣҲӵкƵҵ磬ȫΨңŽǿߵǵʥҲ˲俪һԵУ޷ˡַͷ΢Žǿߣȫ˽棬ǰĿռķ·ڱڷµս
ַŴħһȣʱħꪷɻأղŻбɽǿͬӿֿ½⣬漴ǹŽ֮ڡ
н磡ַ̧ͷ죬ǹŽǿߴһ棬սڽ棬νн磬ŽĴԷǳѲⳡս·û˹ϵ㣬Ž壬ǿߡ
̫͹ŽˡַаԽչŽֵݣѹҪԼԹŽھͥߣǹŽ屾ҲѾ׼ˣҪߡ
սãڣοֲĲͬʱ漴ⷭŽǿӰ֡
аߣŽǿ˲Ϣ̤뵽ַǰ⽫ַ֣漴˲仯âʧߣٶȺܿ죬ַվڽ֮ռУĿ⿴֮ˣʥﶼɱˣ
Ϊͬһʱ䣬˵ʱ䣬Ȼ֪ѾˡԷӦʹַĿ£ֵĹŽǿߣȻûļλСʥͬʱ䣬Ѷȣ̫ˣЩŽǿߵʵ¶ɲ⡣
ŽǱأ뿪ˣɻܿõϢ֪ɱġַһ
ѾˣҹŽ֮ˣóľ䣬Ҫ㣬һҲԷЦ£ʹַ΢΢ͷóܹ֮׿ٳһĴܴڣǵȷǳµģң֮ǰѾ׼ɱʥҲ˵Ѿźˡ
Ž伣ô꣬û뵽ôַЦ£ȻֻһǰַЦҹŽʧ伣ȷ̫ˣ˭˵ǹŽеǿ߶伣ˣҲһֱԾھ֮УֻǣûԹŽء
ַ㿴˶Էһۣ΢΢ͷҲԣҲǱǳ˵ǵı˶ֻ֪ǣûǵʵݣǹŽһԱ
ŽȴѾ̫ˣǱȴаɳֳ㣬㲻аˣͬиаѹɳøһЩΪ˸ǣҲҪŬ

֮зһƬȻ󲨣ϢԿֲٶȣžͥÿһӶȥӵдѶ򣬼ͥ޾嫣ϢĴٶȣǿµģЩ֪жͨѶ򣬽Ϣء
̶̼գ𺳵Ϣ˾ܾͥãûй˲ˣɱʮʥˣУĴСɾʥѾ̫ãûй˴·ˣģǻʥڰǷпµ浼ʥǿ䣬Ͳö֪ˡ
ȻʥǿϢɱʼϢԵòôˡ
һеģȻǼǰʥ۾Žаħս̨֮ϣ񷺣˹Ȼ̶̼ʱ⣬񷺣Ѿ޷͹ŽаַһᲢۣ˵ˣɱ벽ʥˣͬ̽ȡΪǵĹʥͬһλ󽳡
˵ǰΣܹܣʥ䣬׵ĵȼ˻ŭʥ֮Ķ̶ʱڣǾͱ˹Ž壬˴ʥȿµĴڣȻŽȴ·ͻأɢȻ׼ҲŽǿߵӰˡ
˴ΣĲǻҲǳעε¼
ѩһĴ֮Уֻһѩ۵ǿվǣԵ˿ڵŽ̬ǼסǶԴο
ԼƺˣŽƽһûģǰӹŽ壬ŻεĲҰܡ
Ҳǣôˣһ˶Ĳˣ˭ǵùŽƽһһʱ֪Žƽһû䣬ǻһɣмǵôµ˶ࡣѩ֮΢Ц£ôŽĳ޻棬ûϨô£ûϨŭֻȼյöôʢ
ŽȻسӵ𺳵սҹƣǵʵɲǿȥ٣ܿҲֻССһԻ޷˽ǡһ˿˵
ô˵Ȼ˭֪ˣ̫ĿܣǹŽа񣬲Ǹ˺ܴһϲôңÿʱоž޵֣˭֪ЩУ˾ͳԹŽأǧǰħ֪꣬ȥôص֪ı˭жǿôѩǿߵ˵ʱΧ˶Ĭԣֻ΢΢ͷȷھ̫ͥĿܡ
ôоͥƽҪˡѩĿ⿴Զ૵תʧ̫Са̤̫ħ߶õħꪡŽ־ƽ磬ܳã
һдţŽ֮һ֪ƮɽǷ֮£н磬ŽǨͥ嫣ҸطͨҲҵõġ
ʱַվڽн磬ԣλŮӣԼ
֪аַϢ𾪣ܿҲȻѹ࿴ˣԭһġ
壬ˣʵļ飬ɻЩᡣ
ɱ˲ˣ㸸ҷ徭˽٣²ãҲֱӽ֮ƿذɡַ˵Ĭַ˵ûѡͻˡ
а񡣡ʱַ󴫳ַֻĿתˡ
˴ιŽɱ»ݣŽٶ伣ôַ㿪ʵȻȴԷ΢Цҡҡͷγûˣ
ַ㿴ԷЦݣͷ΢ŽжǿᣬȻףŽ壬ܹôδЩ˷ѽ⣡


2361 ʦ
һգŽһλˣŽַʶ
һϯɾİ£֮ϿŷͼƣǳһƮ⾳걾ϢַһʦȣǱѰ
ǰչŽаһ֮ʥ𾪾رǸ˰ɡȹŽ֮˽ܣ꿴ַ΢Ц˵ȷǷᣬѾʦʡ
ʥδЩţֻһЩֶɱ˼λʥȷν֪ǣַǳ棬󣬿ǰȥɱʥļʥȻԴ꼫Ϊӣַǲ죬ݷǷ
аھͥҲ켣һʱգŰʥ𡣡Ž߶ַЦʹַɫ΢£Ĺڣûʥ֮˵Ϊ黯ʥߣ˲ϲھ¶棬˶²⣬ɿһ
֮ԻԴ˸ߵۣȻΪʵǿ󣬰ʥһ֣ʦ˵ǾͥΨһʦƺŵĿ´ڣ磬һ˿ɱȣ
ʦַ㿴ŹŽߣ
ûʦǰŽ΢Ц£漴ַ꣬ǰӵӣԶУӵпֲܹƷʥӵпǰ֮ˣӿߴˣȡ
ߣַҲ˵֣˵óµĿռϵӵпռĿʥƳıӵпֲĿռϵ
ʦʥھͥȻ񻰣Ӷһʦ˵Ȼ߶ǵ˲֪ж٣ԣǵҪһ׾٣ʦû˼ڿϣ֮УгһܹƳͻԼ޵
ַΪ⣬ǰ꾹ң͹ŽӴôѾ֤һˣŽûʧֻԸ˵̬ߣûùŽ塣
ʦ֮ңݷáַ΢Ц˵ҲǶʦ𾴡
ȴҡͷЦ˵⵱ͽģһҲͼʦһأҪ˼ң̫ˡ
ʦǰҪƳγ֮ȻҪռµϣ߷£ҪȻѡŽǿ΢Ц˴ΣܹûҹŽΪҹŽʥѾǸмˡ
ʦ飬ȻҪáɫƽЦΪʥԺգûи֮߰⣬⡣
ʦµ˵һ˭˲ŽǿЦҲΪԭʦǲʥֻҪӦ˫һЩ飬һԼӦ˵ҪһŵǧԣһЩＴĲϣҲҷ͸ʦʦʥĶԷ̰
߱ġ
һڹŽֻȶַаɱʥ֮ʱһ֮ſֲ裬أѾ̤֮ɣ½޲ȱ󽳺٣󷨣֮룬ҲȻм߳ɾ͡
Ҳô˵ȥ֮ҲᵢУⶼ໥ġַЦ¡
⵹ǣΨһʦһΣʦ潲Դͬڣ鱾Դܹһ壬ϧ޶ۣ޷ʦ硣
ʦǰ֮ʣȡܹĳɾͣͬʱʵҲƾŽǿ̾ǰ˵кʵҲǱԴչһ壬ϧ޷Ⱦ硣
ҲɡЦ£Ȼڴ˿̣ͻأ£֮ϣ·һɿµĹҪͱƬ񷡣
Žǿ̧ͷգûв֮ɫȻЦٶȣеĻҪЩ
ַɫһǹŽó䣬ҵô
ǲ֪ȻҲֻһŽǿ¶һĨζЦ⣬ʹַ΢΢һǹŽô
߰ɣջʥΪû֤һʥ֮ǳȥֱСǹŽǿ߼漴峯նȥֻ֮ϣ·ԷһӰֱƿգƮɽ֮ϣֻ˿̣һлǿϢֲһˣվǣѹأ·ֻҪһضҪȼ
ȻЩǿȴɫأĿǰ֮ˣŽеһλǿߣϢƽУһͼף·ڳ磬ɽͼӿˮ𺳵ǣ˿һλǿ棬ĹƬء
ʲôֻǿ߿ʵɫĮŶԷеһͼ
뿴ôŽǿ΢Ц漴ֻϣֲ壬һ̣Ӱֱʧɽͼ֣һ֮ͼ¿ֹȥ
ˣԷһȻֻǹŽǿվɽͼϣЦˡ
˵գֻƬռ·һ磬ͼӿȥͼ׷·ڶЩǿ߷ˣǵĿٶȣ޷˿·һֱûж
ȥŽǿһ̼䣬һռĽⱻͼû˵廹ڷţȻһ̣ͼȻԼ֪ԼѾǿµʥС
ߣǻĿ³һ漴泯ǰȼչȥ
Ȼˣɣαػȥ
ŽǿЦ£ֻƻԳɿռ䣬ͼǰȥˣΣʹûǿɫѿ˼㡣
ĹŽ壬ѾǿᵽֵزôǼʥѾǶƷʥˣ̫ˡǻĴʥаˣƬȼ廯˺ڰ֮𣬳Զȥ͵촫ԳһĿռ·ƿˣ˳ȥ
˿һĻҲѣȻǹŽĴܴߣһգֲֻ죬ЩʥĿ´ڣǿһȴ޷ӣֻεĿԼ̵ʥ磡


2362 
γʥǿǰǲҰܣΨһˣ˻ǿµĴʥ
ǰĽ֮ռ仺ĳȱڣԶǻǿ߲ҿ죬ܵضӡͨ죬ޱȿ¡
ÿµʥĿⶢͼʥܿ£һλɾʥƱǿȻһʧˣǡһΰܣδζǲҰܡ
ŽӵֳʥǿĻҲֻΪļܹƵ˶ԷˣңǹŽǿôڣ֮˶ĹŽ壬ٴγֵʱ򣬾ȿµ̬־
δǣǿ߶ʥֻ棬һʥﻹڹǣ·ħϰ㣬Ϊڱ磬ʵѾʥĽ֮С
˴ҳֻ֣Ҫ߻һ߸ϣҲĪҪ̫ˣ⼸ΣǻҹŽ壬ûнϵУӣԻ𣬵ǣǻ𣿡
ŽǿƽĿŶԷڵǻмλʥ֮˱ɱ֮ѿ޷£ҪΧҹŽ壬ȻҸ㣬ҪŽ壬˽ǣģЩˣһǻȥϣԺһЩɡ
˵ţŽǿ߽ŲǰƲʱЩʥȫ˦˳ǵɫһͣ漴ԷϽԶ죬ƿ£طµ죬֮ϣƽȾ졣
ס֣ǴʥһĿɨȺӲ𣬻ȥ
ЩǿĿ£һɫÿǣԶǸ߸ϵȴڹŽܴ裬ãȻųҲףٶ֣»Ǹղֽ֡
ϣټ֮աǴʥŽ巽ٶȿ˵漴ӶŻתȥܿ죬㶼ʧȺҰ֮У뿪˹Ž塣
ַĿ̣ܶݣȴΪľֻԵĹŽǿЦǰһ˵ʦ𣬽գһǱȥǣԺ󻹻ǹŽ鷳ô
֪ǿ΢΢ҡҡͷԿ϶ǣڻûеҹŽ֮ǰûоԵİգǲٶˣѾʧΣеˡ
⵹ǣûоԵİ֮ǰӦòˡ
˵˴ܹסʥ˴ε飬鷳˿ˣȣתʦٴлˡ˶ŻЦȻʥ⡣
ʥǰ֮ԼѪͶɣ˵Ӧ֣ǰԽ֮򣬲ӵЧʦܹлʥ˼Ҳܸˣǰٴлˣʦ˼ҷ᲻ˡЦ˵
ҽˣұ㲻ˣתʦ֮գҹŽһҪȥ߶ţʱǿɲ׼ǡ
ǰ˵Цˣʦ˼ѵˣϢڣʱ򣬾²֡Цŵ
һ׷֮Ψܹ뵽񣬴˾٣ҪһʥŻô˷ܣӢܹʢ٣ǵϴʦȥʦΪǽûк˵۶ûһۡ
ŽĴʥЦ˭ܹóûа㲻˼Ϊ˱ǱǸһ
ʦ˼ҵƢǰҲ֪ʦҲǰһ𡣡ȿ˵ʱԷЦûʦΪ¿˺þá
ɲôǰʦἰ£˵βȥʦˡЦҡͷ漴ֵˣҵѾɣҲûȥʦˡ
ڹŽСסհɣҲдһ
ˣ֪ʦǷʲôţøϻȥȾܾ
Ҳգ´Σپ۰ɡŽǿҲδ
źܿپˡȶ˹˹֣漴ַЦа֣ʦ֮գҲҪ
лİɣȻȥַ΢Цŵͷ漴ƿգ뿪ߡ
뿪ǹŽĴʥʦһͽͽôѡ
ǰҪַղǵ̸˶Է˼ɵÿʵʦӣݣȻ䶯
ʦ츳ˣǣȴִšģƵʥԷ񡢹ǿֱӶƣϲǹꪡìֱӹı׷ǵļ£϶óпռʥҲǳߣ֮·ߣǧ򻯣츳ǿ֮ˣǵĵʦԼԵģµһӣΪķ񡢵ڶӣۺ֮ѡ֮ʦյӣȻߵ츳ʵ̫ãˡ
˴Σ߹ϲѾʲôܣϢȴûдΪ֪Ϣˣݵˣȥ˵ˣòϢ
ַ΢΢ͷʦȻҲ˵ģȷǸӣҪһǹһҪԼǹеǹʥ졢桢д͸ɱ׷һּ£Ǹ֮ˣԼƳʥ覴ãЩĳдɾ͵ˣҵҪ󣬶Ǽ̵ġ
߾ôַ֡˵֪ϢΪֲεˣʸӴϢھ½Ȼʥﲻ٣ǹǵ¼ȴ٣ΪˣӴǵʸûС
Լɣ㵽ʱҲȥ磬ǿ̫࣬˵⣬ҪЩԼѣԼ̫ѵĵزǡǹŽĴʥַĵȷַΪ֮أһݹͻ⵽׷ɱĵˣ̫ǿˡ
磬߸ϣ˵ǾǾԵİݣǣҲһмɵȥǣܽĴڣһЩվߣĻҲ̫ˡ
סַ΢΢ͷԷڽӴǿڣʦһǸĵˣ


2363 
Ž֮Ԥϵǰ㣬ڰһλȥҲúú÷˼һˡ
ͥˣҲʶһ𣬳꣬Žһˣսþ˲
ŽԴƺĺܵ·ⱾһΪ飬ûʲôֵҫģһ죬ŽӰ߳˹Ž壬Ŷȥ
ͥһڤǣ嫳ǳضһռؼ㣬Ȼ˿ڲ̫࣬˵Ƚ٣ȻͥǿߣǶǻоη֮ĵģΪڤǾסһǳʦͽߡ
ߣǵڤУвǰЩҪôʵǿҪôݷǷǵõͬһϢŴӸزԼͬڤУΪģҪĿñͿʥ
ͨʦܹƳʥҲǲмǰģֻΪιˣǱߣҲ˵ʦĵӣ䱾ǼʢƵļʥᡢҶڴ½¹һιϵĴ˵λֲʹãһδ档
ھ֪ͥжĴɾʥҪæһʥãʦӣĴһְҵУվ۷
ڤǵһƬУϢƮ죬ͣԼ¶¥¥ȻȴǳİƬ㿿ű֮أַ㣬˿̱һǰ棬ŽʥǣιŽ壬ֻ͹ˡ
ַĿ⿴ΧȺǷǷˣܿ£кܶƽǵϵãǵ֣һ֪ͱھ֮ͥˣ෴Ѫ̫֮ˣˣȴ٣˵ˣҲʶ
ھʢˣ̫ûг֣ĵ˵ߣڻĴʥûϳ
֡ڴ˿̣һַĿת漴㿴ӰΪ֮ҲһջƵİۣߣһλĽͣȣҲ
֣񿴵ˣվ¶һĨЦ⣬Ȼʦڶӣߡ
ԶͣеĶ׷վʾԿߵ𾴡
λˣҲʦģǶһҶ⡣߼ȺĶɵÿ˵
ܹߺͿλʦԲˡֻһ˺Ц˵ȴַ㿴ȺЦ̸£̾ʦӰ֮¡
ڹ΢ЦҲ֪ʦʲôѡķʽ
ġ΢ЦŻӦ漴̧ͷĿ˿ԵĽͣЦʵûв´ĻҶǰӰɣ
ȷҶˣּ߶֪ˣ¶࣡΢ЦʹַɫΪ𾪣ǰƷǳĽͣƺȻҲһλܹ͹Ტ۵Ŀ´ڣȻ䣬Բᣬ˼ǧ¶пܡ
ҶҶַ֮ʥżеһλ´ڣɽһĹϴڣƺĽҲΪҶ֮
ǰ½һҶ֪֮Ƿǰйϵַʵ
Ҵʦ֣˵λʦҲδʦ˼˵ʦΪ˲ʺĽϧҵȥԼɡ
ַԷĻشɫ£Ĵʦ֣ʦҶǸϹˣ֪˶꣬߶һǰȻҶǱģζűǰͺҶʶߣҲǸϹϵΪ磬ѾҶԽˡ
ǰʦɣҶǰûǰȥ̽ôַ㿪ʵ
ʦҵڸˣѡԼ·ȥִţԼ·Ӧһʹַ㰵̾Ҷ˵Ļһ־磬ַ־硣
֣ǿ̫ˡʱԶһʹַɫ΢£漴ַֻĿ⻺ת̲ͫס΢΢ֻǷмӰһһӢˬԵó
죡ַǲ죬һȻҲڤǣ
СһٶȺÿ죬ʥ֮ˣʵַΪ⣬ٶȣܿ죬Ҫַֿܶ࣬Եļˣ⼸˶Ϊǿʥ֪ʲôˣôһ
ȻСֵܣ߿ʦӣĴĺܶǿߣƽﶼѵһġ֮˺Ц˵ʹ΢΢ͷȷˣҪ
΢΢ͷ͸ż˷֮⣬ʢѵһ
Ҹطɣ֮˿ڵ漴һǰ׼£ȴԱߵλһĿʥ֮ڴҲˣδ̤ʥ֮ˣǹɣ߻ҪҪռλá
Ŀ⳯Ǳȥֻ¶һĨЦ⣬Щ½Ҳ˲٣׶ŭ֪طǱǰ֮أԸˡ
ĽǰͼλˣǰҪλãԵӦһ
˶Ȼһµķâɨ죬ʥ֮Ȼ䳯ֶȥϢ£һĻʹַüͷ΢΢ʥ֮ˣӦľƽͣٲխ׾ͺͲʶˣˣƺԵζ


2364 ¶
ԣһ֮ɫҲ£δЩˣɲң
ʶôղ˵֮ɫһֲʥ̼֮䳯շѹ˹ȥʹɫһϵϢͷţǹʥʱ죬·Żƽװ㡣
ֻͣʥĳһɫ̣壬˲ϢԶ룬磬Եλʥɫһعͷ죬죬Ȼǲӭȥɡ
ã΢΢ͷ漴˸׼뿪ʵˣǰԷʥԼʵĺܡ
ߣһֻһգһɿµ֮շѹ£·һ֮ӡ䡣
ɫѿû뵽һλʥǿߣȻͱˡ
ֻϿֲۣ֮ϣһĨ貵Ĵɫ⻪µƿɱȥ¡һ𺳵촫մӡˣ屻䵽֮ϣ۵³һѪվñֱĿĮ
ԭֻ֮磬ƺܹ÷ڣһ֮ʹľ翴ͬʥۡ
ܲһꡣַߣֻߵҶˣ˵ʥۣܹƻʥһ˵ֻһҲʥ۾ûʲôˡ
ַаͷղûг֣ҪܲܽסһĶӣӦûô
ֻ˿̣ǶԸʥѾǰɫĮɱ¶̧ͷŶԷĿ͸Ųı֮⡣
￿ǰ֮أˡ㲻ˣðңһΪ˾Ӹ£Į˵
ַվ漴һۺһǰλͬ飬·ûйϵ㣬һԿţʹɵһ⡣
ȻҲ֪￿ǰ֮أ޹ƣҪΪαأѵΪˣôַƽ̧ͷ֮ˣĿɨַ㣬ЦŽа񣬴޹أ벻Ҫ档
ǰزԸⱻšַûԷĻ
˵ˣ£޹ء˼ڵ
ַĿⶢȻ䣬ͫڣΣ˵壬˲ַĺ֮ͫС
ַ³һ֮ͫУ̺棬Ψûһֻеʥ￪ʼû뵽ַԵֱӶ֣ңҪʥ·Ƭռ䡣
סֻ̤֡Ϣ£Ȼַֻɫϯַһֱֻ˺ڰ֮У¡һ죬ֻڰռʥ忪ѣֱΨ۲ȴѾ
𣡡ʥʥ״ݻ٣ŭ˻ȻַֻɫƽǼȻ˼ǰУǻɴ֣˭Ҫµġ
ַĿ⿴ŶԷȴһӰܿ죬ʥǿߣַΧʹַüͷ΢΢£ͬһĿҲ͸Ц֮⣬ַ㡣
ţַо˿̵Χȴһ߳ȻӶ˵ʵһͻɹˡ
ַͷ΢ɫֻ̣Էַ㣬αװ̫ˣҳɳ̫졣
ַ㣿˱ǺܶʥҲ˵ֵַģ⵱ȻջϧһдϮɱַԼνĽйأԣǶжţŽаַ㣿
ôϻõһϯλˣɾˣЩ꣬Щ¶ҲǵָһӼ飬˶ݣջھ̨ϵѾʥңڷ벽ʥˣɳ̫¡
ףĿ⿴ַ㣬ַֻʱãݸı䣬ַ㣬ô֣ѾĺˣαװҲûʲô壬һۣ죬ϲ⣬ԺˣҪЩ
ס΢΢ͷĿǺһˣǿҽӽΪһ̽Ҹף֪Ŀһˡ
ֻһʹɫ䣬ˣ治ЩֶΣҸףҽվͰװ׵ıϵΪˣôĶ֪ǶԣֻҪַ֪֮Ӿ͹ˣѵǶûм˵𡣡
㻹û˵ʸ񡣡ֻһɨһۣ漴Ž񣬵ŽַĹϵҲ׷͹ŽĶԹҲԻ⣬ַ飬飬ŽҲҪٹˡ
ô˵ȻǼɵ֪˹ݣҹߣһߡ
Ŀ⿴ߣ漴ֻߵ˵ʲôҲܣҲܲţǣʦ֮ԱıҾͲòˣ飬ҰˣԺΣ޹ء
֮ɫһ߲ԣҲϺطʲôܲţôҪӡ
ǰַ㣬¹ش󣬻㡣ֻһǿ߿˵ʹÿߵüͷѵҵĻ˵Ļף
ɫ£漴ȻˣǾҰˣȵǰ˶ϴ¡
˵գֻ˸ɢͬ£ƬطΧȻǲַǵƿˡ
ַ㡢а˶һ˵ʱ򣬸ûлŵˡ
ַǳſַֻſ΢΢ͷлǰΧ
ھ֪˲࣬Ǻ󱲵һЩ֪٣ַаǡö˵û뵽һˣĶӣ˾ϲԺҲǸӣܹھ߳ơĿ棬ϸһۡ
ǰˡ
˵ģһ㲻ΪҡͷԱߣҲڵȷܿɹ˵ǽ֮壬ҲţҲѹǲϧ۶Ҫɱ㣬Σˡ
˵ֱӣҪɱһˣַ㣬ȷΣա
סַ΢΢ͷϳĴȷôãŽԸĵˣѾǻһˡ
һЩʱա΢ЦŵʹַĿһſߵЦݣҲЦ£΢΢ͷߣȻԸ


2365 ǿ
ַͿһ飬Ҳöַ֣λãȻ׼ַ뿪ˡ
ڳ˽ԶǷǷҲ֪һϯλַаͬһ˵Ļôвܴ󣬺пܾǽҪ
˽Ķֻǰһһš
ڴ˿̣ԶһӰһĺüվĿ¶𾴵ɫ
ߵɫҲ΢΢תˣԷҲߣ漴Ц£ߡ񣡡
ߵɫ£ˣȻ˳
Χ˿ˣҲɫ΢ͣͷΪ𶯣գ˺ö꽣ͣȻ
ߡЩˣǳʥȦʥ֮µˣûʸӴ
ż΢Цŵ˵ͷ漴ĿַϣЦ£ڵոǰҪ˵ʱ򣬾Ͳˡͼͨǵ־жǷΪ֮ˣʵȤֱɱˣǼ򵥶ˣڣԽԽ鷳ˡ
ַɫ£֪Էָ̤ͥһǰҪˣһΣĵ׿ɱȴûУΪʱĵ˵ɱǰʮϯλһˣҪһλЩֻѹ־жϳ˭ǽ
Ȼǻĵַ֪ɳ£Ҳڵľ˰ɣһַ㣬ȫֵõģַѾЩ˦̫ԶˣǺʥվһΣЩҪɳַĵز֪Ҫõ¡
òҪֻ˸վַǰʹַĿ£ƺΪɵȷǺ͹ͬĴڣҪɱԼ²̫ѡ
֪Ҫɱû˭ֹĮ˵Ų΢΢ǰ̤һȻڴ˿̣һɿֲĽȻƬգĿ⳯ȥֻԷɶǣȻȴ䵭ĵǰǱǰ֮أǰҲϣ˴ղţѾйһˣҪеڶΣ
ʦҶˣͱ߹ϵǳãıҶǱͣ¹ȥҶʥߵľȴֹڴʥһˣͬΪʥɷǳرߣƺһǰ
˵ʱûгҲˣͣһ磬Ͳ֪жꡣ
ĿⶢϣһսսͬʱеĽ֮ѹϢ֮С
ˣȻ䣬ؼ·ȼһɿµĻ֮⣬ֻһӰ¡
֣Ŀˣ֣գЩ˱۱û뵽Ϊַ㣬ݱս֮ơ
Ҷ˵ĵӣҲǰֵ̬³һµĻϢȴ˺ĸо
û˵ֻǽ֣˱ϵĽ֮ƣǿˣжԶ˵
ôأֻһЦֵƺ⣬·Ѿ֪㣬һƮӰٰ֮С
Ԥߣַ㿴գַС翪ʼԤ߱йӴԤһֱɲĸоʵ·Զ޷ȣ˵Ԥйʵգʥ׷ɱʱôǡ
˿̵ΣȻǣԤߣǺӵġ
ħ죬ıнôڵ㣬ûʸվǰֵĮ˵ʹַɫһͣ
ĪǣԤҲ˷֮Ԥߣʵһֱħֵ⻯
أԤƽ˵ʹֵ۾΢΢£·ҪԷ͸
Ȥȱһ˶˰ɣʱֻ˵漴Ŀַ⳯һֻۣһɲǼ䣬ַֻоԼ·һƬ֮УƬڷֽ⣬壬ҲҪֽ⣬˺ѵ
ˣȻǿʢ˼㡣
ЦѡЦ£漴תȺȥһλϣ·ղŵ鶼ûзַҲû˸ղŵĸо˿֣Ͼ亹ǿʵɾʥ͹ͬĴڣѾõǿʥ
ѹֱΪǷֽ⣬ÿµ⾳Уֱӷѣÿµַͷ𺳣ҲֻҪһֽܷɱʥǿڡ
ʥѾǷǳµĴˣһܲסͬʥףʵĲ̫࣬ˡ
֣ʦ֮󣬻һֿɿߵЦ£Ѿ˴ɾʥɱַˣʥħҲˣҲ֮󻹻治һʢ硣
Ѿкܶѵˡ˵ЦǰЩˣλᣬ̫磬ˡ
£ȺĿ⳯ԶȥֻӰ̤ۣ֮ϣž˵ıҲʷǷһְԵ֮С
֮ˣߵһ΢Ц֮ûˣ壬Ҳˡ
˵ţĿ֮ϣڸ߿գһɫۣĿ˵ĸоһޱȵ۾ô
֮ǿһֱϣʦΪһ֮ʦһֱûдӦߵ˵ʹַ΢΢һұ
ǰˡʱĿ⳯Զȥֻһ׷ԲԣԵüΪ֮˳һͷ㣬ıߣᡢҶȿµʥ


2366 
ÿγƺߣǰԱ߷ǳ𾴣ַףͷʵǸ˲֪жµϹǰҶڳĺܶˣǰ
ұ߿ͨ߳ʱȴ·һ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥƽ֮ͨУֺ̺֮⾳·Ψһ
û˻ỳɣ߳޿ɱĳɾ֮⣬ʵȻҲǼΪµģȻٺ˶䣬⼸Զ׼ģһ˵ʵУԼƵʥҲ㹻˴ʥ
ߵȺǰھȺԶĵط̧ͣͷȺһۣ漴Ŀ˿ߡ
ʦ֣߶ű΢΢ͷ
ǰһԵΪ
ʦ𣿡Ŀͣ£ʵ
ʦ˼Һܺã˴޷ǰҴ˼ǰʺáӦߵ˵ͷһ磬յ㣬ֻˡ
ɫһͣ漴Ц£ʦ˵֮Զ㡣
ˣǸա߿ڵ漴ĿˣڵǰЩ꣬һλһϣЩһֱռϣ뱸׼һλܹǰҺܸˡ
ʦ˵Цˣܹ۱ǵҡֻһ˿˵Ⱥ׷׵ͷǣΪܹۿѵõĻᣬǿʥγġ
Ĺ̳ʲôأϣλ֣ѹٶ˵ʹȺͫ£˵ֲأ
һʦͽߣƹµʥεȵΪνջ˵Ļ
ߣܿҪһԼδԹʥԼѹסǲŹ뵽
߶ֲأλϣʲôµĲϣҪʲô
пܴ˴αƳʥᳬļޡ
ȺǳڴڴһΣܹʲô
λˣҪʼˡֻ߿˵ʱȺ׷Զȥܿ죬Ƭλմһ޴Ŀռߡ
վһֻڵʦֵľǳ棬ѪʢޱȣһǵһοôʢľΪ˴˴Ѿ׼˺ܾãϢ
ǰҪսԼļ𣿡ʵ
΢΢ͷӦúйء
ֻ˿̣߽Ų˲ʱǰһµĻƣŰӶƣҪƬضյУһɿֲ֮£ǹѹ֮˲Ƭ򣬲ϵĳӶ
ǣһµĻ£֮ϣһĿֲӣ棬ȼ
֮ϵհӳ˺ɫ·˷棬һƬǷš
ĶʦһǿµʦּʦӹɣҲһ󡣡ַһ˿̱ڿ̿µΪ׼
ףǰʵÿֲ쿴춼֮ϣǹǿѹ˲
ʦȻǿַ΢΢ͷ·ȼ֮𣬱վڻǰɫƽôվǣû
Ҫ£𣬾ҪԼĻ浽£ϣһ֮
ǰˣһǿûĸ֮ˣǰĿţḶ́죬ǣѾȺ̧ͷ죬ޱȣ죬·ȼա
ڴʱߵڶˣֻĽŲǰ߳˳漴ָһ̼䣬ӵϷ޾ȼյĻ֮УһؽؿµʬǣĿġ
⣬ʥʬǣȺͫöʬǣңЩʬƺ·־㡣
ָϣЩʬǣ˭͸ģȺͷٶֻ֮£·ڿգȻ佫Щʬȫסˣʱ֮ϣǧʬ˵ԴʹΪ̶·־Ҫ㡣
ʥ˵ʬҶӵ־ĿʥҪѹǣһϣεѣѹʦôˡΪ𺳣ȻҲû뵽
߽ŲٶȳǰֻУһ͸壬ǰͶ̼䣬潫֣֮
ˣߵ˻֮Уֳһ촸Ȼ䳯͸֮˹ȥյз˿µĴ졣
ụ̈Ⱥɫ촸ϵ£ʮ죬Ⱥڿ˽֮ΣңͬõһӰ֡
ôַ㾲Ŀţвͬ·ֽÿ£˿̣ԼָڽϿƣʹýм䣬·˰ۡ
ɣ̧ͷʱʬǣƮ˽ߵϿգ漴ʥʬǷ·ڻһεҺ壬ڰ֮ϣ漴û뽣棬·Ҫ׵С
ʥ˵ʬǣȫڻˣ־ҲҪȥô޾Һε䵽Уǽ߾ϵĲȻڴ˿ֻ̣վǣֱӳ뽣棬ѹ־վһ곹׵
÷ļһʱ͵ϮͲˡ÷
ǧʬȫ뽣ߣڻʧˣ߲ԽԽֻһӰƮ˳Ǳߵ꣬ɲǣ޾ŽȥǱֱ·Ҫ뿪
ȥһշ·Ҫֻͣͣһָڽ⻮ѪҺ뽣У漴Ѫָڽϼ̺ۣ޾ͬʱסˡ
ͣٶȺȣ·Ѫַӡ˽ϣ漴УƮ˫ӡȫ뽣֮ϣĴ֮ȫ뵽һ
ֻ̧ͷһ漴Ž³֮뵽档
ãƽϢĽһη·Ҫ뱩֮Уڴ˿̣֮ϣſֲĽٹ⣬ʹȺԶ̧ͷɫãٳˣʥ٣ǿ


2367 
񷣬ڵķ籩УһĨ죬̵˵۾ʹ
ÿµĽƣ棬̺жµ˶̧ͷеķ籩嶼΢΢ţǹɷ籩֮ǺԼϣԽ궼
Ҳ̧ͷգ漴峯ˣڣĻ籩֮УһĽƣ֮Ϻݺݵ£͵ĽϣݣĲţȻеĽȴֹٶЯױȵĻ˽ϡ
ž֮֮١ߵһµĺ֮аʮһƬռһµӣ֮ϣ貵Ĺ⻪£·лǿҵ־
ƷʦǺ⣿ɫ£૵漴ֻ߶Ⱥ̹ϵʥ־ҵ޷ѹסսζһûоλһ֮ǵ뽣Уܷѹе־
˵գֻƴʱڿգȺɫ£漴ǵϣһɹɿµϢ֮ѹȶ£ǽ֮У̼䣬Ǹܵ˽еһС
ַ֮Ҳ˽УȻ뽣еɲǣоԼ·һԴȪ֮УΪСһɹɿµ־Լ޷۳Ϊһѹֱ߶޷Ϊͣյ
Ϊͼ֮ĳ浽һּ£ᣬ깥ļ£Ҷǿļ£ʱĴҲһּ£ϵʥ־Ȼ׷һ̺Ľϣһּ³ܹһ޾ʥ־ãǱؽԽһµʥ
ַ̫ܵĿ־Ҳɾ˽±Լ޷Ƶˡ
ţʱ򣬱ƺܵʲô㣬ҲڽУңڼн˽־˲ٷǳ־ܹЩ־ѹơϡĨɱǣⶼҪģֱһɲôǿȴӵܹںϸıЩ־Щˡ
߽ס漴˳Ѱˡ
˿ַ̣üͷ£˭׷֮ջأ漴оһϣס
˭ַһ漴ܵһĿ⣬תַߵ۾һĻʹַ¶һĨɫ׷˾ȻǱߡ
ߵĿϣַ΢΢˵ͷ漴ǹջأֻص˽Уܷҵʵǿһʱ̣΢ЩʧûˣЩˣֻѹƣ޷ҪģʦôܻȥѹƽҪģֻǸı䣬ʹ֮ǿЩΪУϧЩ˴඼
ڳУ¾ֻпױߵ˼ˣϾҲͬһʦȻΪ
ʦͰƷԭûҪý͡а˿ֻ̣ߵˣλջȥɡ
Ļ£ʱһɹӽ֮гأûǵѹƣеֿʼ޷Ƶˡ
Ⱥűߣ֪ʲôʱֻһʱһɹɿµķӡסǹűߵ壬Լϡ
СһĿַϣʹַĿ΢
ַԣߵĿⶼֻ΢Цַ㣬ʦֿ㣬һԵ
ַ㣬ǰѡ㡣ҲЦ£ַļ򣬶Ƕԣַȷκһˣַˣǳʱַûϡ
ɫ漴¶һĨЦ⣬ߣȻѡַ㡣
ȥɣַЦ£˵ַ΢΢ͷŲǰȻʱֻһַȥߣַ㣬Ҫˣǰˡ
ţĿȻ䳯ȥŭҺ£Сһ
áַǰȴڵǱִˣĪҶˡ
˵գǰ̼䣬ַֻоһһɿµĿռϣ·٣ޱȳء
üͷţȴ˿̣һɿ½Ŷַֻڽ֮ϣؼȻɱһƬ
Ӱ˸ֱӳַǰεĿ½֮з·ʲô˰㣬ǳַ߶Ŀռѹ
ַŲǰַϣ֡
𣡡
³һַ֣·Ҫ˺Ѱ㡣
͡һҫֱնַϣȻȴδַֺնͬʱ峯Ľδʡ

⣬أ֣Ľڳˣһ̣·ʱնֹͣΨ貵һ
ϣҫȻٶȷ·𱻷һ򱶰㣬ֻһƶţָоͺͣ˰㡣
¡ʱ⣿ַֿͫĽʥĹżսУչʥսһ
ŭһϵ·Ҫʱ⣬ŶԷɱȥ촫֮Ľɳǰüġ
ֻҧ촽Ѫڴ䣬ֲսԼ棬ڵˣ͵죬뵽֮У峯Ͽճ·Ҫ˲뿪Ųƣˣڵˣһ죬ؿڡ
һ̣ǹ⾳ڽˣӹʧ̤УȻȴͷһֻؿڣһѪۣѪ䡣
ǿȺɫ£һ̺⾳̫ˣŲƶҪֻһ㣬ǿҪϡ
㣬ҲҶǰĮ˵ʹɫѿǿ󣬵ɳƺǰ


2368 
ɫ࣬ǰδֹ˵һν棬ֻһͬ˵ҶһֳҶ֮ʱ⣬ɱˣֻһ
Ķ֣̫£Ѿʤ⣬ǣ⣬ղֻҪһЩûͻƶԷǹ⾳һͲؿڣüˣֱӽɱ
ȷҪַ㣿ɫĮĴʥҪַģпǽĴڣǱҪɱģַƤˡ
ǰκҪ֣ҪʹҵĽĿƽĽ·һ֣ûܹϣҪɱַ㣬ܡ
Сһùǣ߶ַַֻ㣬Ц£ǰһǻᣬȥɣｻҡ
ַ΢΢ͷ쿴һۣȮӱҲǰˡ
ģ߳˶Ҳɱ䣡Ӧ˵ַŲǰУű߶ȥ
߿ַתǰ·ʱһЩõƮռ䣬ܰ·ֻˡ
΢ʱ޾ķӡ֮ϣַֻղѹƽ־Ȼƺֻ˽ȻͬȥѹڳںԼƣ⣬Ҹᣬܽе־ȫ𣿡
ǰҵȷӵ׵Ȼǿ󣬶ڽеЩ־Լǿ̶ȲͬЩƫܹƵˣЩǿãҺƿأǿйءַ㿪˵
ַĻ΢΢ͷҲоˣǵЩеĲ˻в࣬Ȼûа취ƽеһϾеһЩǿҶȣһ뷨Ϊе־кܶ࣬ȥƿأܷǷ磬һЩӵп֮־ںϵһ𣬳ΪµĿ죻ǿںһ𣬻µ깥
÷뷨ַɫ£űߵĲݣһȻǸˣȻҪһУֲ̺ͬĹӶѡԹ
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ߣҪһͻƵı
ԡַ㿪˵΢΢ͷãԡ
ַλƮ֮ǰ漴һɿµ֮ҪΪΪЩȣҪýĿռ䣬磬ƿ
͸֮УߵɫȻһ֮ɫַȥȻϳˣҪַȥѹƣû뵽ַ㣬˳ԴˣΪ⣬ַ㲻ǿ󣬷ʧһΪƳı˭öνֻҪܹ㹻ˣʵȱԼõʥô
ַ㣬磬ΪԼ磬ܹϸֱе
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ǿ֮־У֮־ַ㰲ĸţЩ־ʥʬ֮ǰӵеΪ˲֮־Ϊǿ󣬷·ӵԼһ
ܹЩӵͬԵ־ȫ뵽ҵ־У赽棬˱ߵҪ󡣡ַ뵽漴ֲЩӵпԵ־ȥҪͬ뵽־С
Ȼַ⵽˼ǿķЩǶ־ԸںϡǶǶĸ塣
Ȼҵ磬͸Ϊסַ־ǿޱȣ·һɿµǶ־֣漴Ҫ̵뵽־С
ַܹһϲˣȻЩ־ҪȻƾ׵ܹ֮һЩ־뵽УȻһЩΪǿ־ȴ޷Ƶˣ磬·Ҳӡ֤ˣ̫ǿ˽磬һԸˣǿᵽһ̶ȣӵƽ
ַںһЩ־漴˳˽ڣΨһӵп¿֮⾳С
ǰ㿴ַűߵ
΢΢ͷ漴־뽣Уܿ¶һĨϲɫȻںϵһˣңеһ־޷ƵˣһͳֻˣΨĶǲĽ
ַЦ£ҲֻˣǰңҲаԸǰ
ˣںֻнжŲں˭ӵߣҶȱҲȥˡߵ˵ʺõĻ⽣Ȼ͹㡣
ַлǰڴˣַҲδƳʲô֪治ںˣֻںƵĽ
и⣬ΪܹƵ־ޣˣǸͳĽ̫ǿôʵıǿǿһԲϽĽ߿ַɫ񣬿ַѾҪһˡ
ƾǰַҲ΢ЩߵһܹĽڴһ
Щ죬һɡ߶ַ˵ַ΢΢ͷ
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Ȼ˶ԣǻиҪҪǱǣɱַ㣬ԣ˲û٣ĶΪǿˣ


2369 ߵʵ
ʱһĹȥתۼ䣬ַͱһʱ⡣
һգַϥڵϣͷϿգһǣϷַ֮棬
ʱַֻ㳤³¶һĨЦ⡣
оΣԱߣַʵ
ַ˵ͷűߵоѾܹеһֻͨһںϵ־
ˣȵ㽫ʵǿ󣬱ܹ־뵽ȥʹýԽԽǿ⣬ҲֻܹĿˡߵһַЦ£ͺյһ
֮ʱϣ˿ʵҲƣУͨͬ־ںϳֲͬͬǰ̺İ㣬ַ֮ǿÿֻܿһںϵ־Ȼ棬ַûпƵ־ԺҲһ뵽֮У
ں϶ɵֱΪſ⾳µĿ죬ĸ֮бߵĸԼ汾йؿ־ͶɣصĹޱȳءֱӶǿİԵֻмµأһǧ֮һУ⾳õɵĿ⾳
һ൱ʥԵ־Уַͱ߹ͬġ
µĿ졢µµ깥µĻáµɡ
ǰΪȡַĿ⿴ߣʥֻǸԵɺϣΪˣ轣һģǱߡ
ᡢҶȻڻûеҶǿ󣬵ϣ֮δܹԽǣȻΪףôҲΪװɡ
ƽ˵ַ΢΢ͷһʱٻС
ףϣܹʵǰַ˵ףǿȻ֮ûдħǿȻԱȴħꪸʺַ㣬ΪͶɵĽΨܹĿ
츳ټû⡣߿ַˣɣ뿪ˣȥɡ
лǰΪףûǰַű΢΢漴˸뿪ߡ
Ⱥδȥǿַ֮߳ʱɫ΢΢£ˣңƺδַһʣıûаϢй¶
ַȥ֮ʱûнģ֮ı϶һȻǱͶɣңַʹá
һãͶɵĽȻĳΪĽа֮ˣϢĮĿȻһɱַȥ
ַɫ£ĮĳȺȥЩˣǲ׼ŹҪɱ֮졣
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˭ܶϽٶͷţֲȻֻΧһӰ˸ַΧЩϢԶޱȿ£ǷǳȻΣ׼ֵѾһǿˡ
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߸ϣĿһУߣʦӣǵľͥеĵλȻ˫ԷЭǣԼַпǽ֮ˣɱڱУַ㣬ǱߵĿˣǣȻԸַڴ˵䣬ʦֵ棬ţʦֱߣողΪַһʥ
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һûͷһ漴ֻ֮ϣȻһ޴֮Ӱ
ߣͫɫ𺳣ÿֲѹϿգ߷·ˣһּΪǿµĸо
һΣûɱ㣬ȻҪҳȫ㡣Į˵漴嶸Ȼ䳯¿նȥһ̣ӿֲֿȻͬʱһɴ֮壬оӲ·˶޷ƶ㡣
֮ÿֲȺɫ𺳣ߣǿȻҪóԸʵ̫ˡ
ţȻʱƬշ·𳹵׵ı㣬һӡ¿̽ȥ¡һ죬漴Ⱥֻ׽ʧΪɫչ㡣
Ⱥɫȫǿˣ
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ղţǸоնˣִ̫ˣߵʵǿ
˭ǻҪڴ˵ҰɱĮɨȺʹ˵̲ס˲֮ǰһֱĬûֲ֪˹˿Ƭգޱȵļž


2370 ὣ
ַ̧ͷеӰɫΪ𵴣ߵʵǿľǺ͹ͬεĴˣǷǳĴʥȻȴߵһܲʵĲ࣬ˣͬһε
׾˻ĴʥɱͬһεͬΪɵʥʵĲ࣬Ƿǳ޴ġַ֣Խǵ߲εľ磬ͬһĲ෴Խԣֲ࣬Ҫ˵츳гһʱԼĸ
Ϊʥ˳Ӧ֮⣬ߣǻϹ˶ֻΪֻų׵û뵽ʵϣҲĲ
žգ˶£а߶£ȻߵʵǣټΪʦͽҲǺǵҲԸȥʦھͥʦĺǷǳǿġ
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ȻˣǾ͸ˡٶȿڣڴ˿̣Ȼһλһ
죡ַȻתĿ⣬ֻһֱֱӽ֣
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޳ܣ߿ԼԷһĻɵɫ䣬üĺ䡣
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ģҲɱֵֻ˵Ϊ֮ˣΪСֻǽձ̫ǿƣ£Ըʦǰ޵УֻýһãһȻΪὫ׳Ǻúչˣַ׳Ǳǡ
λһˡֶȻ佫ߣ漴˸Զȥ
ȥһµϢǰ˳ȻֻƬնȻųֲĻ棬һֵ̣Ӱ·ʧ˰㣬ʹñɫ£
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׳ǣǻǣǻĵ̣ȥˣ¾ͲҪ뿪죬ȥ¶ԷԶ졣
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ַ֪³һĿɺ䣬ԶѾ״ĵߡ
ȻѾ˺ζҪɱңôӴ֮ҼЩһˣɱһˡַϣһɿɱϯϣɫ£˿ûлַϵɱԼģ˾٣׼ŭ
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׳ǻǣĻǣûκΰ취ַзŭɺ侲׳Ƕڻԣ֮ͬǶ֮һǿʱܸϵҪȥˣַԼȥ
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ȥˡԤ̤뿪飬Ѿǹַˣǣغ֮䡣
̫ˣƽλ޷ҡѾһЩҲҪսǽ֮𣬾ͥҪһζˡ
֮ϣߵӰƯǣ·ڰ̾ϢΪ̾ϢҲǾ̫ͥƽ
ǻŽɡַ㿪ڵ
һǰ˵˵ͷ˵ĻȻá
ϢĻ֪ͨһ߿˵ַ㿴ˣ¶мɫ
ߣȻ䣬ַֻӰڿն𣬳Զȥ׼ǰŽ壬ֶԲߣϾǵĶ֣Բܲʡ
֮ϣ˼۸·Ȼڴʱһۣ漴ǵӰͣڵ˭һֱزأɣ
ǵĻ£һ貵Ľɫ⻪ǵ֮У漴ֻһɫ۵ķӰĿⶢߣ˫۾Įַϡ
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ҪǱǬڶַ㣬ǶַǱ
ַĿ£̫һֱϣΪȻûдӦƺ˻δģǬȻڰ·ǣҪΪĽ
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ʲʺܣұˡǬӲǿƣ·ҪһҪõ
Ǭ̫ˣǱǰΪַƵĽܸ㡣Į
Σ߲ʶôϺֻöὣˡǬ˵ޣƺֱӡԵǬı壬ǽߣŸ߹Ѫ
죡䣬ȻͬʱһХţֻǬңû޴ĽӰӰĿⶼǼ䡣
Ļ֮ɫ£ⱾΪǬǾС


2371 Ѫ۳
壬óٶȣ߽񣬺ųٶ޵Уٶȣµˡ
ǰǬڣѪΪٶ֮죬Ҫɣһ֮ͨΪ廯֮ͨĻͱһģһϢȫͬ޷֪Ȼ⻯ûбĹ̫̬ˣȴӵбٶȣ廯Ŀ֮
ųٶȵһʹûʱӰͬʱȥԸ˭
͹ĿΪأֻѾ˽֮ϣڵַ㣬վһСģǬٶȼ죬ٶȿ쵽һ̶ȣܹͻƿռķԼµƣν֮
ͼʥ֮ʵȻǿ廯Ǭӵ壬ǱޱȽ
ҡǬٶȿڣӰͬʱ³һ˫˫ɫӣôķ
ë㻹Ȼ˵ıֻԶйݶʹǬɫȻ£â˸ëǽ˭ô˵
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׺ǬӰˣĿΪأߣҵ£޹ء
ҾϲܣëΡ׺ϷŰĿŶԷ̫֮ˣľƽΪë񣬶Ϊߡ
ֻ׺ַ̤ԭаַ㣬㣬ѹְħˣ˵ħȻΪūۣҪѵСһһ٣û뵽֪ݡ
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׺Ǭɫ䣬а׺룬ʹ廯֮Ҳѵˡ
С󡣡ǬХһ漴϶Ϊһ˲ϢûӰ
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֮ͣһڰħȽϡ٣Ҫַ㽫ħȥ壬ǳм׺ַ㣬һأҲɣõ꣬Ķ𣿡
Ȯӡַͷ
Ҫ׳ҪˣҲѣǺͻսԣҪ·׺˵
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ԸˣĪͲܶԸôҪûӣҪѡ֡
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ϣֵİĺܡһ
ΪǶ˽⣬壬Ծͥ˽ĿɱǶࡣ׺Цŵ
ΪΣںδŰ׺ʵ
ʮǰ˲ʥ¸ǿˣ츳Ʋ⣬пѾСʥսǳǿ󣬶ҾҵõϢ׼̤ߴ֮һĹץʱĻиϵĿܡ׺Ӧ˵ʹùԼɫ£ϼȻҪ̤أ֣ȷ
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ַܹԷ̫һЩ;ͥϵ΢ǻҪ̫ȥԸϣ͵Ҫͻսˡ
һַҪϣ޷صˡѵ
أַɫһ⣬ɱɣþֶҪɱҲˣ񣬻춼ˣֻһɱ
ȻôҪôӴ֮ɱֱֹһ죬ߣ߸ϵǰ
ϼȻλҪпܻߣԼַһǰعŽ壬ԺӴһж˵£κһ߶мѶȣ˭Ҳ޷֤ɹ߶׼
áͬĵ˵ͷɫҲΪأΣǵĶ֡
ȻǾֿҺַ㣬ȥĹ⡣׺˵꣬漴ж
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ҪǰĹȻҪ̤Ѫ۳ǣλѪɫħеһ֮ǣߴ֮һĹΨһڡ
ʱַǱѪɫħϿգ֮ϵַĿ⳯¿ȥѪַо΢ЩĲͥʲôطУƬѪ֪γɵģǿߵѪҺ͵ģ˵̫ͬҲΪѪҺ뺣У۳Ƭ޾Ѫ
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ǵˡ׺ĿԶѪ֮ϣһޱߵĳǳأѪɫĳǣԵüΪ׳ۡ
Ѫ۳ǣϣܹҵϣûˡַ˸˼ǰС


2372 
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Ѫ۳ǻ֮ǣ˺ܶ඼ΪǰĹǳ࣬ǣܹܶɢ޵Ĺʥ㼣֣ƽĸ֮УһҪĹͻ۵׺ڵ̫磬ҲʱһЩΪ̽Ĺν֮Ĺء
Ĺ֮ôַʵ׺̫ӣ֪һЩȻǳࡣ
ĹڼǧǰȥһΣȷ֮żңῴ֮Ӱ㼸ȥɣǷ飬û֪ˡ׺Ц˵ʹַ˸£֮żܹ֮Ӱ
ߴضǼΪΣյĵطűΪأ̤ĸʼǰУĹжΣգ
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׺ƽ˵ţַ·ܹΣգ񰽲׺ôżüЩɱΣӹɡ
ô˵۾˽ȥǱɡַһ
׺ЦµҲһҾ˵е۾õ죬ȥ֮һż棬֮ͳ˲õ
ҲַᷢĿ£漴Цҡҡͷȷûʲôǲܵģżһɱ׾ٵ顣
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ĹˣǷʸǸߡֻ׺ʵ
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˭Ҫңֻһַ̧֮ͷгһӰǿ
ŷ£׺ֶ̧ͷգʵ
Ǻˣŷ¿°׺װԼǻʹڣɵüͷ΢װûмЩ̫װ
˭ҪмҪ졣׺ƽ˵֮ΪõѪȥϣ򵥺ܶࡣ
ôĿŷһֻһɿµ֮Ϣ֮ϣһֿµط·𶼰޹һ¹ֱڰ׺ϣޱ졣
׺̧ͷһ£һȻ䳯һº˹ȥأ·һԶŵľֱ£¡һ죬ϵը
ˣŷüͷ΢壬Į塣
ߡ׺һ漴֮ϣ·һצһץȥֻ²ըѣɫѿȻצǿĹ


2373 ɲ
λ̫ӡŷ¿е飬ĿⶢŰ׺Įʵ
˵׺һ漴ǰ˵ٶȲ֮ȻצٶͬҲǼΪµģֻɲ֮һֻµȭͷ㳯ŷ±˹ȥǿóǵǼΪµģצΪ壬Ǻˡ
һ·ռ䶼Ҫ㣬ǽȭͷԿŤĿռС
䣡ŷµӰ飬Ȼ׺ȴɫ䣬ֻǰգ߿һ¸֣ŷµӰȻղֻһӰӶѣı뿪ˡ
Ӱ׺ɫ£漴ֻ֮ϣһ֮⻪֣貴ۡ
գ׺һЦ漴ſ죬Ȼ䣬һХ
ߣַˣֻ׺һֲצͬʱ֮ϣһӴצŭ˺һУ¹ⲻϵ飬Ҫŷ޲֮ء
ɱ׺Ͽգŷ··Ҫ֮һ´֮и£ննѿַ㿴սĿռ䣬ֻоһĲ¹֮·նˡ
׺ŭХһȭͷշ·Ҫͣͣ¹ȭͷײһ𣬺¡һ죬ֻⶼˣȻ׺ȭͷ֮ϣ·Ҳһ˿Ѫɼ¹Ĺ֮¡
ߣ׺ٶǰһȭշ·ڷ𵴣ַֻоƬռ·ڲǧ𶯣һֻŷӰ֣۵³һѪɫ԰ףȻĮĶŰ׺
̫Ӱ׺ŷ£㲻ڵֿˣҪݻѪ׾٣иӦҲ˵׺ŷ¿ڵʹŷµ£̫ӣҶ
Ҫʲôŷ¶Ű׺ʵ
ȥ˵ɡ׺˵漴ĽŲǰַ̤ϣѪС
֮ڣ׺λ֮ϣŷµ˵ϴô
ûСŷҡҡͷʹð׺ɫ£ĵﷴô͵֪ĻõѪ˵ȥ飬ȻȻлǿͬУӦò̫Ѳ鵽׷ǿߵ㼣Ϳˡ
Ȼ͵Ҳȥ㼣ϾûֱҪϸĵĻܹҵġ
ã꣬ǿ뿪ɣŷ¶Ű׺ʵĿɴż⣬ʵⰽ׺ΪǿʥҲܶ԰׺
㰴ҵĻȥ͹ˣģҰ׺ĵѪûȤ
ǺãϢŷתȥ֮Уʣ˰׺ַˡ
ϻڳеĻŷһҵлţҲ鷳׺˵ϾǲֵܳģìܣݣȫԴ
ߵĻ֮ˣҲпǷǳַҪϣѶȼ
ֻеϢˡַ˵
Ѫ˲δʧֻʱ䣬ŷ±ҵǡ
Ϣû׺ŷ£ʵ
ҪҵĻϣСʥ𣿡
ûںδ׺ԷĻ¶һĨЦ⣬ӦûѪ۳С
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ⲻҪܡ׺Ӧ
ҵǣҪ鷳ûİɣ˿̣ϺһлʥǿߣѪ۳еɲУӦɲˣңֻƾЩˣǶò¡
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ַ׺ĻüͷɲˣϾɲУұĴŵҲܿ¡
ֻҲɲˡַа˲˾ϣڻУǱҲжҪ׳û˼ǲܵģԼȥԣֻϡ
ַݽɲˣǣȴԻһȥ
Գ磬Ҫסϲѣѵ֮ȫ뿪ɲˡַţ漴򰽲׺ԼǰҴ㻻ݽɲҵϡ
̫Σգѣ㲻ԼҪȥϱսҲǳһˣ̫ˡ׺Ӧַ뷨̫ˡ
ԣðաҲַ뷨
ŷ֪ͨֻƽվǣҲ˵
ַ㿴Ű׺ˣһҪԣûѡ񡣡
׺оַĿⶢ漴໥һۡ
ȻҲ㣬ҼѪˣ֪ͨңҾȥʻҪˡ׺ǣһܱ¶ַݣܽˡ
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ãôˡַ㴫漴ŷ£ֵһѪ۳Լɲ˵ͼ
ԡŷµ˵ͷ漴һַü֮ȥ
лˡַվҲһ漴˳Ŵȥֻа׺ˣŷµ𿴣һҪһʱա
ַ·;оͷˣַȫһףòɫȴŲĲ԰ףм֮һߣ˼֮ʡ
ʱɲ⣬ɲѪ۳д꣬Ϊǿ֮һȵѪ˸Ϊ׳ַۣʱ򣬱һ޵بǣüӰַǰַһξţɲַּ㣬Ѿ̤ɲ˵Ĵš
ߺ£赲ǰļ˾ǵ۾ǿߣɫĮַ㣬ַϣûʲôϢΪ
Ҫɲˡַ㿪ڵ
߹ɲ֮ţɲˡԷ˵ַ㿴ǰһۣ漴һɹǿϢַȻַֻƻӶʱǼþ֮УɫɵΧʲôûС
ĻþһӱˡɫѿȵǵĻþʧعͷַѾ߹ɲ֮ˣ


2374 
ɲ֮ţ֮ԽԽǿȻַͻɲ֮ţֱɲֹţ֮Ѿǰ벽ʥˣĿ͸ѪɫĮɨַ㣬ڿնƻӶʱµѪɫӡַץ
ַͫڣͬһ׵а㣬ޱȿ¡
ȥַ³һȻ䣬˽ڰ֮У·գΨǡ
ǿĻɫѿû뵽˵ĻôԸǶܹˡ
ǣһµľƳ˹ȥ飬˷Ȼѹʱ򣬷ַѾ߹˵ڰɲǡ
˿Ųھɲŵַ㣬һͻ˰ɲ֮ţʵȷʵǳ
ֻһλɲˣϣ̤Ĺ֮кˣżһЦ£ַѾںصھɲŵǿ߽棬ֵھɲŵֻһˣǳҲǰ벽ʥˣսǿǳַ㣬Ե׽⣬ܿܣַ׵Ĵ˾ɲš
ɲֵһλʥǿߣʲôֻ֡ǵھɲŵ֮˶ַЦ
ľ硣ַ㿪˵
ľ֣ʵҲΪ˽Ĺɲ˰ɡЦŵɲ˵ĳԼĴ壬һֱΪ˽Ĺ
ǣλʱ̤Ĺжǿߣַ㿪ʵ
ĹһȥףҪųȴѣԱҪȫ׼˴κһɲ׼齨һֱʥ˾ٴɲ˶Ĺϣ̤Ĺ棬̤ǿߣʧǡ
ܷΪ¡ַ㿪ʵ
ɲΪ㰲źϢ֮أлĻһһЩʶ˿˵漴˸ַϣ˲ɲУΪַ㰲źһסأһЩ뿪
ַϥԺ֮У漴ֻһ֮ü֮չȥǿ֮ܿϣ·֯һĹڰ㣬¿ɲеһУ۵ס
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ַԴ˲ô⣬ܿ죬ĿĳԺ֮УһϥǳУһ˵Ϣܿ£Ż泤ۣܾܿǻ֮ˡ
˭ôĵӣʱֻһ˵һ̧ͷա
ֻһ³һֲ˷·նֱӲַĶĤ֮С
ֻʱַջأĿһ֮ɫЩ˱ǻ֮ˣôϣҲУ뵽һȽˣϢƽһֱܰǣܿϡ
Ⱥڵĵطһ˿ʵʲôˣ
֪һа꣬ΪأǰûмӦɲ˵ˡһ˻Ӧ˵
˵ӵǺܴ󣬸ɲž͸ӡЩ˲Цţûַ̫㡣
ַ㲢ûжУȻôڣҪϣֿܣҪһʱ
һʱգַÿնнɢ֮ϣ·ԡ⣬úܶаַ㣬ַҲȥصĵط˵УҲַ㣬ֻЩˬǼһﾹȻ񫣬ˣĪвɣ
ʱ仺Ĺȥ׳УҲǸ֣кܶǿ߽٣ǿߡŽǿߣˣȻַ⻯Ҳڣ⻯һֱ֮УС۸ڡһ챻ãļ٣ַһ⻯׳У٣ֻҪȫսܹԻ۾Ϊַ㵽׳ǡ
ߣͬʱж
׳ǵһй֮УԤߺַһ𣬶ַʵǱߵΣ
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ãǵңҾͿ쵽ˣҪ̤Ĺһ취סǡԤ߼˵ַ˵ͷַѾ֪ԤߣʵҲһ⻯ַıɲˣ⻯Ԥߣ⻯Ҳڸɲ˵·ϡ
ַһֱ֪Ԥߵıʲôıζħ
Ҫôַ˵ͷÿɲ˵Ķǵ̤ĹͬʱѰֻᣬܹȵԤ߸еǵȻá
Ѿ֪˻սһλ棬ͬˣʱӦܸϵѪ۳ˡԤߵ˵ʹַĿһ֮ɫʣһ첻ˡ
һգַδ⣬峿֮ϣֻһľ֣ˡ
ַ漴˸˲Ϣ棬صھɲ֮ˣֻЦľ֣ˣսһ棬໥ʶ£漴Ǳ׼ǰĹ
ȥַɫ΢΢£ʱýȣԤߣаղܸϵѪ۳ˡ
ǵģ߰ɡЦ£ǰ·ַֻøϣȥҲֹ˲Ĺ
ʱһ㳡мʮ˻һϢֲǿַ֮ɫ£ֻЦһÿգ֪ʲô
ɲ˲أλַ֡ǹһĨаЦһۣȺڣм䣬һǣϣַ㾭۲죬Ѿܹȷϡ
ַ㲻ɫȻ˫ȴ΢΢סڣǿ߶ڣûһ˿ᣬϣܹһʱ䣬ȵԤߵʱһ֡


2375 ʱϵ
׳ǣڳǳ֮УǶ·żֳ֮⣬ң֮ϣһ칬߸ϣͬһŻƮ죬ǻ֮أ߸ϣңɼ
һ嫵Ĺ㳡вȺۣһ֮ˣȫ泤ۣԶϢǷӵǿʵΨмһλ꣬ϢԵ࣬Ȼ졣
ףĿ⿴ԶַӰɫÿףû£㲻عң׼֣ûõġ
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ѾֹһˣٲˣûˡֻԤߵ˵͸ż⡣
ûˣִΣЦ漴ֻԤ۾ϣûٿڣͻأ䣬Ƭռ·𳹵׵ĳĬߵˣû˵ڵȴƺڿ˭ͲסֳĬ
ɲУ໥£ڽ֮ܵʱ֣ء
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ȻԵƬˡ˵˵ҲûʲôַĲţˣϣܸϡ
Ȼʱ󣬲üͷʵû
ٵȵȣӦòˡַӦһ
ӦãߣԼ֪׼ȷʱ䣬ˣǻǸ·ɡ˿˵
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ŴڣǶѪ۳У˿Ⱥڵλãǻ֮ĹڣǰѪȴΨһƬ⼫Ϊʢ·һĹذ㣬ǻ֮Ĺڣţлż
ַ޾֮УߴصһЩϢ֪ĹеĴ˿̵ȴû˼ȴĹͣȺԤ߾ͿҪˣǣֻҪһЩ˾̤Ĺһ档
Щ죬һֱͻǿһҲ֣һ̤Ĺ֮УҲ˵Ĺ汾ͼΪΣգԼˣҲӦˡ
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ٵȵȡַͻȻһֻ˸ǻڵǰ棬ڣ˵λԵƬ̣Ҫˡ
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ˡһɹѹַȥʹַɫ£λ˴¹شұҪֹǽȥûܹе
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˵գȺȥվĹڱؾ֮أˣȻ֪ŵ˲٣˵ģȴ٣̫һ˵״ȥҪһˣȴѣ˺
Ⱥפ㣬ûнĹҲ֪˭˵˿ĻҪû˺ÿ
ԶµϢܿ죬ȺԶһɿµƷĳ߽ӽڣǿһӰԣĿ䡣
ˣַͫ£ģħ졣
üˣƺЩ죬·㡣
ħ죡ͻأ䣬һ˿˵ʱͫȷħ죬̫ûгֹˣһֱԤߵݳǰȺħ졣
ϣĹƺʶ˲ͬѰǣȽĹ棬ɵʥħҪʲô
ȻʱһĽ֮䣬µ˼£Ⱥͷ΢΢£ַǰ棬ڻ֮Ĺڵû뵽ˣҲôǿңһġ
ֻħһسã·Ƭգ֮
ħ죬Ǻ⣿ֻһǿߺǳ
˵ˣҶԻģˣħ˵漴һƳ¿ȥͬʱĽƬգַ㣬֮ϣһ貶ĿĽڸϵˣΣһҪϣ


2376 ׷ɱ
ħ죬ɷħ죬Ȼˡ˿һĻЩԣͻֱӶˣһͿսô˵ľ磬һֱʱ䣬ħ쵽Ϊľ̤Ĺ֮ǰԸˡ
˷ֲı֮ħͻǿײֻһӻǿ³ħ죬ȫɱ⣬Ȼɱ˵ģѵħ첻ļŭսô
˵ԻѾûˡħ˵ȥʹĿһ
ϣ̤Ĺ֮УĿĿ㡣һǿ߿ڵϺλǿߵͷŻ֮Ĺڳȥ
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ҶԱɫ΢䣬ûмܵ⽣⾳ǲ²˶Էݣ֮лҶ⾳ȻֻضĳϣҶ˵Ľ
ֻһŭһֲĿռӿ漴µ𣬸һֿռ䱬֮µ⾳Ҫһֻ̤һָָµָ·͸գɱȥ
ߣ˶ǰϴȵǿߣסħ죬ȻħĿϣǣߣĹ֮Уǻ֮Ĺ滹ǿߡ
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ϽŲͣϣĻͷţֻٶȻ䱩ŭȵɱ
£ϵϳһµĻ泤ǹתţǹ֮ǻ涼͸֮ɫ·а㣬ֲ
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һɿµϮַǰĿռ·ҪѰ㣬ļҪǹɿµ˺Ϊֲ
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ٶȣϸȥ룬ٶȿ쵽һ̶ȣҲǿᵽ£ң޷ܡ
ûмǹ̳ǺɨֱǰһµĻۼ˵Ŀֲ촫һƬ𺣡
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ַͣĽһĨϣ֮⾳ͻأʧʹɫ£˿̣Ѿ˵ԶһУʱǹƮ˹ȥֹ֮ϳѺۡ
ˣÿµĹɫӲַĿ¶һĨصɫղţˣȻַ㹥ȥַ㷴򹥻ʱٶһӣֲ̫ˣһɲǾҪһ־ԿµĹٶȡ
ϣĹȥֻһӰ˸ǰЩ˵ĿϣֻҪ̤Ĺ֮УΡ
ãҲʱ׼룡Ͽ˵ȻַֻɫĮ£⻪ҫ֯
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ַɫ£Է赲ֻתϣȻһ̣ǿֱӳһɷټŵַڣԷÿһ̤̺ޱȿµĻϱ֮š
ˣַһֻϣһźɫĻȦ֣˻֮УѹΪֲ·ֻҪһ㽫ǿĹ
ַĿɨϣֻԷŻ֮ĹڿȥĹ֮С
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ĹַҧϵŰţ漴Ľ˺ڰ֮У̺ĹԵأǿ
ַһȣԷһʥ飬ڶԷϣֱʹöԷ屬ѶȻַɫȴĮȻתֻϵѾ̤˻֮ĹڣĹ֮С
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ϣһҪãַ嵽Ĺ֮أĿһ֮⣬ֻϣܻ죬ôõĻᣬûڣܴ㣬Ĺ
ˣַһ̤Ĺ֮УʹΧȺ£÷ļһҪ׷ɱϣ


2377 ˺
ַ׷̤Ĺ֮УȺҲ׼ĹƶȻڴ˿ֻ̣һ֮վס
£ֻħӰĹ֮ǰĿɨˣڵλûн֮ǰµĺãκҪǿ̤Ĺ֮Уݹ顣
ȺħĻͫ£÷ļһȻ뵽ħ˵ݣȴֻܱ죬͵ǽ£Ҳ
λǿħ죬Ŀ⼫䣬ħ죬ֹǡ
ûϵ٣κһˣ̤ĹˡħĮ˵Ҳħԣˣס֮أ˭ͻΧ
̫߿ԼˡֻһСɵʥħ죬˵
ħĿһɨͫ׶Ȼޱ䣬ֻ֣ʱճһµĹ֮£ˣֻ̼о궼סˣ·һɼΣյϢڿҪ
޳ˣӣԣһŭһǱ֮ɫ̣峯ˡ
ӣˡħĮ˵ֻ΢գɫ£˵֮иɱ
£֮۶ǹ֮и£ʱǿɫҰףĿ־漴Ⱥֻһ֮£Сʥݺݵһ漴ıȥ
ҪˣΪܹѣħɨӻǿߣ˳Ĭ£ɫѿĳʥ֮֮֮и޳֮˼٣Ԥħ죬޳ˣɱΣӶ޷ѵ
ɱһ֮ˣħ죬Ҫ֮սôһʥǰħ죬ɫ䡣
ǻѾܾˣȻǻ֮սֺһ̡ħ컰£֮Уֲ֮ٶȻۣһλСʥϣɫ˲԰ף֮и޽ĿͨԼܹʥ֮⣬ȻȻ߱
ħ죬ǿŭ峯ħȥֻŲ΢̤ǰһ£һնʱ·Ҫֹͣǿ屬ˣۿֲ֮𣬳ǽ˳ȥ
ɱħУһɱ³иȺͷݺݵ£һλСɵʥ䣬ɱˣһĬţվԶħ֮ÿ¡
ͨ䣬ʥɣǿߣоһ⣬ħ죬ڶԸСʥˣԴ֮иԸʥΣû֪Ϊǻδܵи
ħ죬ĴɱˣζţѾͻα׷ɱǵӣŭˡ
ݣֻһλʥ
Ҳưոݣ׳֮˳ӴˣѾ˿ս׼ϣǻҲ׼ħ쵭˵ʹûɫӲ׳֮£
ǺǰĹ֮У֪׳Ǳ߷ʲô飬ʲô¼ŭµǣȻ˿ս׼֮ս⣬ǵĶо˵ţսǻܹܵסԣѡ
ǻε㣬ղ꣬ʲôˣǿ
ǣ˵ûж˵ʲôʹûǿɫѿ
һߣַ㣬̤Ĺ֮һɿµĻϢ٣оƬط·ǻԵأѹڱ֮Ϊ֮Ĺܳȡ
Ȼ˿ַ㣬û˼ȥ˼ʲôطĳѰϣܿ죬оԶпϢʱĳ˱Լ֮ÿ̤һ·ڽпռŲơ
ϣһսһµԶ֮䣬ԶҲоַֻһ׷ң˵Ϣ̫ǿ󣬿¾绹ȻеǱʥ͸ŹŹ֣ʥ֮⣬˱Ҳء
βδͣ£ϵ岻ϵ˸ǰУҪַսҲܿڣҪԶ룬ɱħԼ׷ɱˣ޷Ըˣҵڣ϶ħΪҪ׷ɱƺʶħɡ
ϵһ⣬ƬӵϢ£ȴԵúܻߣн׷ٶȼ죬룬ڽ
ʱ׳УȺԼˣڳĬȻʱ򣬻һ˵ϣͻأųϢȻ䣬Ŀ⳯ԤȥͫĮ˼㡣
ħ죬㱾ɱһ֮ˣǿŭһ䣬һƽĿռƣʹɫԶ̣ǻˣħ챾һЩһ˶֪ħ챾˶꣬񣬳ô
ԤĿ⳯ŶԷȥɫƽ㣬Ȼסġ
ǣ׷ɱϣϢԽԽ
ڵ֮ʱǱԸһӣǴĵߣ֣ѵǻΪֻǿԲϴͼޣֻܴף뷨δ̫Цˡ
ԤߵĮ˵ڷˣ뿪ͬʱֹͣһжҲ׷ɱϡ
ˣǿַָָ㣬䡣
ûʲôˡԤߵ˵գٶȳĬˣڲôˣоǿѹһΣڲٳĬǣʼǻˣԷ׷ɱϣȻҪϣвǷˡ
ڣֻõܷѣƿء
ħ죬û£ǣŸ۰ɣһʹԤɫһ䣬ǿʼԸǵˣ㹷ǽô£ȫͻս
ħĻ£ƬնĬвˣħĻǶЦûȥͻĿսˣǲź棬ãַҲһ᲻ϧһɱַģ


2378 ս
ݼŵĻ֮ĹӰڷ׷ţãϸоӦԶĹڣֹͣӰתַ㣬пµĻ泤ǹ֮УͫĮֻʣַһˣûмܵˡ
ܿ죬ַӰϵǰͫһĮ֮ɱϮˡ
ս֮ǰ٣Ҹ֪ݰɣ϶ַʵûаַ֮⣬Ȼֻ˲䣬ַһӮˡ
ַ㣡ַδݣҲûбҪˣ˴ԤߺһɱϵȻǿߣ˫ѾսӴԺҪôҪô̳
һϯλַ㡣һĨԾɫǳԾַݣʵ϶ַ֪Ĳ࣬ĿⶼעַģֻһЩˣḺЩ飬ϣֻ˵ǰʮ˺ֽ֮ܿܳ壬ԶҪɱԣǲôǹϵĴԣɵĴڣܹĻƻ裿
ѾǿһĲΣôܻһ˿ַ̣ˣδ̫£վ۷սѾǰˣֳɳٶȣܿ¡
ϵɱԽǿңĹΪĹأҲҡ
£ϵУǵֹѺ۵Ĺָֻ֣ϻ£һѪڹ⻪֮ϣ漴ǹ⻪һ貵Ļף뵽ϵļ֮Уַǿ󹥻ҪԼһ֣ǿʥٻܹһιζţַһΣҲܲ൱ˡ
ǻҪַӵжʥеȣ泤ǹǹԵʥǻڼ׵Ĺ⻪ǷԵʥһһΣյʱս
ϵĽŲַ̤һΣϴ֣࣬ÿһ̺켣㣬һƮĸоͬʱһɿµ֮ڻۣ·ĵ뵽֮УΪʥ˫
ַɫƽվǣԣһɻ֮糯Ϯǹɿµ⾳Ҫ˺ѣδֱӽսսѾעӲˣβһսҲԼ֮ܵһΡ
еĻ泤ǹбգʱʥշѹ·гµУҪһǹΪ¡
ɱһʱڰǹַɱȥÿһǹô£۳˻ڶ·Ҫ׽ַûȻֻ˿ַ̣㳯ǰ̤һ·ףƬգס
Ȼ䣬ַĽ˳ȥһ㣬̼䣬һ㲻ϵţµУһ˸˳ǹ޾ȥĳǹֱû˺ڰУǽϢֲ
ڶɳǹ֮
еĻ泤ǹŭһǧǹһ𣬻һͱľ޴ǹֱӴǺڶһڰ볤ǹͬ衣
䣡ֲʹúڶҪַŲˣƬռ䣬ȴڷ֯Ƭأǽɫ·һַ㣬ҪƬգ̳Ϊס
ߣֻһ漴ĳǹһ壬̼䣬ɫ·ըѵϱݻ٣Ȼ뿴ַ㽻֯Ȼ·˲ϢᣬƬƶΪַףƻٶû󷨳εٶȿ졣
ַĽŲǰ˲Ϣ֮䣬þ֣ԷֻоһƬڰȻڰ֮УͻأһµĽɱΨмµĿ֮⾳ÿռ䶼·˴ҡ
ȼֻϵ˫ͫ·ȼ۾֮У·û˹⣬Ψл棬ȼյͫס
ˣ˫֮ͫУ·𱬷溣ַĽֱӴ˻溣У漴üͷ΢΢£ģĿ콣ûджԷ塣
ԣͻȻַоһɼΪµΣϢ漴һ˫۾˲ͫȼʹ˲ϣֻоһɿµĳ֮ͫȼգΪܡ
ϵӰҲ֣֮ϵĹ⻪ɢȥȻղַĽǴģֻǣˣͬʱԼ廯ã˫֮ͫڸǣַΪûлС
𣡡һַָָ㣬һָ˿µʥնҪַüģַ˽ľ룬ָ⻹δַ㣬ѾַֻĴˡ
һַ̣о˶ҪһҪ
Ȼһַ̣Ժȴ˾Ե۾ϵûаĻң侲Щ£ĽѾ̳ˣջأһָ˵Ŀ죬Ҳܣֻһܹл㿪
ַ֮һ·˶գȻͬʱ⣬һϢֱӳϵԺУӰΣһֻɱַ㣬ǿͷ
ˡϵָ漴ӰǹһĨЦ·ʲô˰㣬ַ壬һɱַ㣬ǰµӰɫһпǽɵĴΣС
ţʱüͷ£·ﲻԾ
⣿ôᣡɫȻˣ¶һĨɫ
ܣ
³һȻϵڱˣȻѾˣַӰ֪ʱˣµһֱӳԴɱȥ赲ˡ
ǻͫзŴŭһⲻܣȻһɺ£ֻо𵴣ͷ­ƶҪѿ㣬һɲǣ·û֪
䡢䡢䣡ɽȻĺϣַûҪǷĹΪģʧȥսܿ죬ֻоҪϿѪ޷֧ŵסȥ
þô૵ƺʶʲô㡣
ַ㿴ϵµ壬³һգղţ˳ӦԺе뷨ԻþΣĻþ룬Ȼһ̫ɱ˳Ӧϵ˼ڱеһɲ֯һΣʵͻþصģֱ治塣
һԼؿڵѪַоֵˣȻҲˣϣ֮£ܻˡ
ڡַ̧ͷһΧĻƺڴ˿̲ʱĹ֮Уߴ֮һ


2379 Ĺ
׳Уַϵʱ⻯ߵԤߵ󣬵Ѿϣ
ãԤɫһϲıǧѪ۳ǣסɲˣҲǲˣΪַȡ˻ᣬϣһ㲻ҷˣڣİȫ
УڣǸ÷˰ɣֻԤ߶Ż֮˿ڵʹûǿɫ£ʼȡ򣬽дѶƬ̣Ȼϵϣɫʱˡ
յ
Ȳǵ޳ܡԤĮĻӦһ
ָϣǽ˻֮ĹɣǵҲ׷ȥˣôν
Һǻɣַ㵭˵漴ĽŲ̤Ż˵֮ұҺ콻ǿʱƿҺϵϢ
㣿⻯أ֮һЩɡ
ַǿϢ漴պһȭȭâƿգַ㿪ڵӦÿĳ⻯֮⻯һӵǿĪΪһ⻯ȥɱϣпûǵλ
ǿüͷƺ˼ʲôַЩʲôֶˣٱһΣҲٶȶԻκεθУʧȥΣұ㲻ָһӣҲᵱɱϣҪҵľġ
˼ַ⻯죬ֵֵ
ãͬ⽻˿̣һλǿ߿ˣַĿǺãڹȥɡ
˵ţַ⻯Żǿ߷ȥ⻯ĶУֻҪڣҶΪϾ
ȷû죬ʱҲߵм֮ʱ촫ףһӣ
׳ǣַӦһģֻһ⻯ǲҶΣȥĸס
΢죬˵ͷףһǿ󣡡
ȥɣַ㵹Ǻƽļ˵彻ȷûˣС죬ַ⻯
Ԥ߿漴˵ߣ
˵գһ˸뿪ߣǿĿĮâһЩʱ̣ԤͻأĸоϿճһֲϢ漴ǵǰһӰ֮ϣĿĮ
ֻԤлӶʱһ貵Ĺâǣ֮ϱ漴µղˣչĻȫסһҫĿĹâҫԤߵ˵ӰͻأʧˣһɲǼ䣬ȫ뿪׳ǣϳܲȫ׼
Ԥߵ뿪󣬺󷽣ղŵĻ֮ϣħ׼˴Ȩȣǡ
ս׼ɣ֮£ˣ£һҲη壡ֻǰ֮ϣһߵ˵漴Ӱʧ򵥵һ仰ȴƺһʱĻ
־棬ѾַĿƣʵޣЩ飬޷ҲƿزˣĹڽʱֻ֪ܽȴܳȥڣ֮󣬱ǶĿռˣȫķߴ֮һĹ֪ĺޣ˿̲ɵЩãҪΣ̤Ĺ
ַӰϵڿ˸ߵĴط·ΪȶüΪĸɺԣɽ˿гһƣ·Ҫ㣬ֲܹﶼΪʢģ˵ĵر
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һɿֲ͸뵽Էڣ̼䣬֮ĸգήٵҲüΪʢлһĨɣַлǰ
̤Ĺˣַʵ
ãֻɫ΢£ƺЩã֮У¶Ƶ֮⡣
ǲˣм˰ɡһĨ֮Ŀи֣Ҳһ߳ƹȻ·ѾĥǣްƺǷϣ⼸֪꣬ʲô
Ĺ֮Уʲôڣַʵ
˵¶˼ɫĹΪĹлŵĻԵżϣȻ̤뵽棬ȴϢΪʥ٣ȻĹУԶеҪ
ʥ۷ȴһֱ͵ܹ޾裬·ǵײĴڣڼзţûаϿԡ
ַ㣬Ŀûɣս
սַĿ£ʲô˼
Ҳ֪ĹƺһϷĹоŸڣԵʱľλ飬ǿƬĹ֮żҲս·Ĺ֮УΪսν֮żҴû棬û˵
¶˼ͫ׵ɫͷɳƣȥ뿪ط
ΪʲôҿʲôˣַʵУüĵĻ֣ʲô˼
ַ㿴ڶԷü֮ӡһ֣֣·һϢ
һֱǰսʲôˣȻûˣֱ֣ʣֻҪ̤˵üģֻ֣ǻˡԷһַüͷ΢壬ֱʣ
Уսνսζʲôߴ֮һĹʲô
ߴ֮һ̫ħߣʵħߣħͷڣйħģĹĹأ
ַоߴصнأŲΪ֪ƿأԲų֮Ϊأܹƿص˵ûͲء
˶ַ꣬ѾףһĲΣκε飬⣬أҲǽء
ȥַ㿪ڵҡҡͷǰҲȥˡ
û£һᱣ㰲ȫַ㿪ڵ¶һĨ֮ɫ漴˵ͷһֱǰߣ
ַһʱγǰ˸ȥǰԷ˵ս


2380 δ
ַʥﳯǰнһЩʱ̣һɽ֮ϣŲȻͣɽȥַĿ
һƬûϿսĴ֮أһݺͶҲϯضĿнԶ͸ã֮⣬·𿴲δңϣ¶һεɱǿң·þսγɡ
̧ͷ޾ϿȵϿգһ޴ĻĻǣַ㻹δ̤оһɹǿҪԼü֮У·Է˵ǻּΥ
ôôʥַۣ㿴ԵʵЩˣʥ۾
һ֮󣬳ȥԶȻѾܾˣǶеĺܶ˶ԣãܶˣǰʮǰ̤Զݽˣһһ̵ӡ󣬼ǵߴˣͬһ壬Ȼˣ֪־磬ֻҪɱҪȵޣǺѵģǲĴڡ
˶ַ˵ʹַɫ£̫ħһ֮ǰҶǿ־̤̫ħ֮󣬾Ϳʼˣ뾡һа취Ҫȥһ̤ĹҲһǰ̡
ȻսӦŶԣΪλôˡַʵ
ü֮Ļ֣Ĵ裬ܹǰ겻𣬼𣬽սʵҲԶأУ֮˵ʥǿߵУӵпµĸǿߣţԼҲΣһαȻһζ
˿ַ㣬ʹ࣬κεϣֻΪܡ
紫ԣĹӵżȴƺֻһսô⵽Ĺսַ㲻⡣
ĻԣȫǻԡɫЩЩ˺ܶǰ飬磬ܹȥˣõ֮żõּ⣬ǲΥֻּȥ˽̤Ĺܶ˶Զʱսˣǣľ𣿴飬ûУֻվ۷ʥڿƣ
Ϊ鲢δڣַʵ
ǰҲΪǽţٻоŴ黹ţ޷Ĺеһ񼣣ǸΪ壬ϲԣǣĹеĽأʵһϷ
Ŀ͸ŵãͿ־壬Ȼ䣬з·¶˸ͫ׵ɫ漴˫ֱԴ˫ͫԲŭ
ô£ַͫ£漴ֻԷ˻Զ񱼶ȥ·Ϊʹ㡣
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쳤һڣͻأķַɫѿ峯ţֲıѩ֮ⶸȻ䳯ŶԷϸǶȥȻûãԷȼգܿ죬ֻʣһ޴Ļֻȼţѱ˵ˡ
ˡַɫղţԷֻں̸Ļ⣬ͻأ䣬Īˡַ̧ͷȥ飬Ĵô
ԶʱڱĴսѵһֱֻǻԣ
ĹеһУȥ˶⴫ĹҲǾĻԣ
ַȼյĻ΢΢Ҵ㲻ֶˣδ뵽ġ
תַĿٶȿңң޾Ͽ֮أֻһӰһű˳һɵĳۣŨüۣ̺һ֮⣬ƺǸܵʲô㣬Ŀ⳯ɽϿ˫·͸վ룬ַϣȻȴδ¶㾪֮⣬̤ĹⱾһͨ飬̤Ĺеˣܶࡣ
ȻĹУɣ治гڵġһַĶУʹַ˸£֮Ҳûѡֻǰˡ
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ֱ𣿡ַһû飬һУνͣѹֶԷôú󣬻ỳδ
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СɵʥʵǿᣬַľһֱǷǳģģϢͨ
Ҹʲôַ㿪ʵδԼʵڣҪ֪Ĺһĵط켣ȺУ׵õҪϢ
ʲôȥһűУĻһ֪ͨ㡣국˵ָԶһطһ֧۾ڡ
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ǸùļһֻһŮַĿתһŮӣ㲻Ưȴ򵥡
ַЦ£ߵ£ʹŮ΢Щ㵣漴ҲַһЦ磬ˣ
žˡַЦ˵
žҲǾͥģȽϽҲڻͳϽѹ֮ĹˡŮЦ£֣
ַ֣ͷ΢漴סԷƣЦľ硣
˵Ǿͥģѵط𣿡ַһ
֪ʮˣҲһЩ˽еһЩû˵ĵطҲ֪ǲǾͥ
ʱҲսô£Ǻ˭սΪʲôսַܺ棬սҪиɰɣղȥ˵ҲһϷ
ΪѫսΪ˿żսǣֻڻңЦ£ЩɬΧ˻عͷ߿ҲżƱ֮⣬Ƕ߳Ƶܿɱ


2381 
ѫżַĻЩżôңҪѫ
ʲôǹѫ˼ż𣿡ַʵ
̤Ĺеʱüֲּ֮ͬӻ֮Ĺ̤ǵüֻ֣֮ζǴŻ飬ڽĹеˣҲһüּ֮ͬһսɱһˣӶԷĴ裬ǹѫżҲ˵ҴûлۼЦ£ƺѾĽǰĽɫûѡ
ʥ֮ͳǵ۾ʵǿͳͬսϵãֻڻҶѣʥ˵䣬ܹõǿĹѫȻֻ࣬ЩõʥԼס
ַ΢΢ͷΨйѫܿżô˿˼ȻĻôѫǹ֮Ĺߵˣǹսвˡ
ҪɱѶԽԽˣΪ˶֪ѫԼÿζǼŶһγרŸʬ壬ӶṦѫ˵˾䣬ʱֻŲַĿת㿴һŮӷˬ͸żָ߹֮ɨȺһۣ漴Ŀַϡ
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ǵĸ֪ǷǳģǶûв֣Ǿһ˵ĻŮɫ䣬漴ɨַ㣬ֻһӰһַ˹ȥ
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˵Ķԣһɡַеȵ֮һȻףʱһޣ˰ɣ
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2382 
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ѪʥŮĿҲǣڣ𺳺Ϳ־壡


2383 սĻ
ַ㿴ŶԷֻоü֮Ļ˸·һڷƺҪסꡣ
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Ѫʥ֮Ůɫ鴤ַʵǿܷ֣Щˣͬ飬ңЩֵˣὫ˶ɱˡġ
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Ҳ֪ɫѿ漴ַָ⳯ǰָ̺һֿ죬׷Ƿ켫Уûнָȡ˽
ͣսλʥǿ赲üı̴ѫӶᣬʥ䡣
Ѫʥ֮ŮɫľȻǴڵͲελãԿʥ˲һоޱȵ𵴣ȻһǴﵽַĲΣͲֳоһƽ顣
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ʧѪʥ֮ŮԼٿһλǿߣֻлԶսѪʥˣǿߣȫַС
ս˫һַۣһҪ֪ĹܣΪҪ߳أ磬ͻһѪȵɱ¾һˣ·;ɱһɱɾˡ
⿴Ʋһ̫飬Ӱ죬ȴǿµģⳡѪȵɱ¾ףȼս֮սĻ


2384 
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˵ͷ˸ַ뿪ˣѪʥ߶ûַĻϵǵԺš
ã̾ϢһԶȥӰĹо£ģҲĥ¸ɾˣ֮־ϣ㲻䡣
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ˣַӰƿȥһֱԶƺǲ֮飬һĽ
ȥʲôԱߣʥԣʵ
ǰ򣬶УṦѫ˵ʹöԷɫһ¿ȥҪ˵·Ҳַ֪Ҫʲô


2385 ɱ
ĹеľŴ򣬴ԶŵľŴִͣİϢ֮أΣŴǸԶʱڵľŴΪûдģƬֱΪ֮Ž֮򡢴֮򡢱ѩ֮֮֮ǿ֮򡢺ɳ֮ʱ֮
ʱڵеˣ̤ԼƬ򣬻ˣ̤֮ĹΪս֮ˣ̤֮
һЩޣǣѡ̤֮룬Ҳѡʧ˵ʱ֮
Ŵ򣬸ɫ̺ϢΨǵĽ֮أΪң񱩵ĵضΡ
ŴԻΧƳȦ֮أͨŴƬκһطͬҲΪΣգû˸ҳפֻһЩǳƬжΪҲƬ֮أܹ󻯵ӶṦѫʱͨߴ
Ĺеҹͬ¹⣬ͽ֮ؽأΪİҹУһ˫Ŀǰȥ
ݵͼƬǽˣ˵ＫΪңܶǿߣϲӶṦѫҵ˾ŴƬǿߡַа֮Ĺܴʱͬʱһ·ϴ̽˲ٹĹϢĻ֮ء
ʱַ㣬ǰ벽ʥˣڱ߾ǿɱΪӶĹѫûá
ַŲڵϣ޷ĸйȫ뵽ҹɫ֮Уһһľı仯ţκεĶӲĸӦ
ûи߾˻ԸңҲҪΪСġַԼĽŲܻ
ˡʱַо˳֣ü֮Ҳǻ֣Ƭˣвǰš
ֵһַ㿴һǰľ֦ܶǸصĵط֦Ҷ̰㣬飬ң͸źصʪ·ˮβϵĵ¡
ַվ£ֹͣ˽Ųûжƺоʲô㡣
¶ȻĽͣؾҪסַоѪ궼Ҫ̣ǹꡣ
ˣַͫȻ䱬һ貺⣬ڵɨŰݻٱһӰַ졢̫ˣȻһ̣˷·Ϊʲôԭٶͣˣɫһ䡣
ַܴᣬȻָɱӡ˿µĵָڶԷϣ̼ңҪ
δ𣡡һҺεַϣӰΣûκε쳣Ȼַ㣬ȴойɲĸо
δ𣡡ҺβϵĴϵ£ַȻŭһƣһΣǳǸղ͵Ϯˣǳǰľ
ǣ˲Ϣըѷ飬ȻҲͬʱ޾Һγַ䣬ǵصĿֲЩ̣·һǱԵľ߳һӰֲĹľַƹȥ̫ܲ˲Ϣַסˡ
벶ַɫ£ǱɱʥңӰμûиоҺΣԲô򵥣ɶԷƣ˿ַ̣оڵļҺαڲصƺҪת港ʴ壬ãյҺֻмΣղϣһϢ±ϢһεµҺθռڣڴɱʱŻֳٶۡ
ˣҪһ˫ɱͬʱʱԽ֮˵һֱûж֣Щ˵¡
һľͶɵķìֱַüģ͸޼᲻֮⡣
ãַһ̼䣬ΧãַɱǣѲǸղŵĿռˡ
ַֻſ³һ̼䣬ľǿ峯ǰһգʱЩ׶ַڣҺβϳַȥ
ãַٶŭȣ·þ֮ٳþ֮֮ϻ˷ֲεأ˿ַ̣Ķ־͸оַ㣬һַɱǣһַ㳯ɱףһ˲
츿ֻʥһ·һ֮֮ϳ־Ȼ£˲Ϣַ㶼ס
ʥˣóľϵƣǿóˣˣóɱˣΪΣա
ǿַ㰵һɱ·ʥȻʵǱѰղ˿ҲǿϧϣԷͲõȦӾͱˡ
ĻþУҲҪɱ㣡ֻһյĿ¹ľìɱ£ֱӴ˱ַϣ̼䣬þΧĿռָֻ˺ҹ
þ𣬶ԷˣɫǰȻȴûпַʬ塣
ãɫȻ䣬漴һɼΣյĸоֻϢ֮漴һϢĴüֱ֮Ӵ͸
Ǹ⻹ǻþַ㵭˵ҹ֣üĵѪƺЩʣ˾ȴڶԷУֶͨڸ˰ǧʱ䣬ѾӶ๦ѫɣѫˡ
ַ֮ӡǳԷüģȡѫ̼䣬оһɿµصü֮ʱ֮ӡǷ·̺ѫǿ
ӶṦѫܶȡԷ۵Ĺѫַ૵ӶܶˣǰȻۻ˲ٹѫַõ˱ˣԷַ㣬һˣҪɱǼѡ
Էַֿ֮ʼȡղ˵ĹѫһҲۻٹѫǣĸԩֻɳɳ촫ƺԶȥַ֪Χ˲ڰУǵս뿪ˣȻûаնԸȴ
һɱСɵʥ֪ܹᵽٹѫַа
ַ㲻ĹɱʥǴ㽫СУǳΪԼԴ˽ĹеһЩı⣬ǿҵԸҪõ㹻ĹѫҪе֮żʲôԼһ죬㹻Ĺѫ
뵽ɳɳٶȴַ̧ŲǰȥԵ֮ؾͲɱĻ֮أ¸ңǿ߸࣡


2386 ˰
ҹ֮УɱֻҪߴһܾܿͽΪڱС
ַںҹߣ˽紦Ｘûһ˿ĶЩ£ȻƬ򱾾ͺҲԶսûвҲ˵
Ȼ˸ӪҲ֪Ƿ塣ַĿǰкܶӪأǰɽĵκܸӣǳʺ䣬ַȻӵȴûôΪҪɱԼܷ֮ΪˣɱˣȻȫԸߣǣȡѫٶȣȻҲû̫ʱȥȣɲͺܶĹеһĹдꡢǧ꣬ȥ
ԣַҪ۵㹻Ĺѫҵνż
ƺַ㲻ȥԼ٣û˶֣һǵ󡢼Ҳɢڸأ﷢սĻһһ¶ܶǿ߳ûа֮ǰЩ˲׳ֵģܹĽ£ͺ͸ղеǿһǳǿҪһνһ
ʱַͻأ̧ͷֻе¹֮£ȻһӰɣ񱼶ߣ·ڱ׷ɱ㡣
ţ˵ַ㿴˺üӰųһУǰ׷ɱȥգ¹³һӰӡ
ˣַȻ䶯ˣһڰĲӰ磬˲Ϣʧ
ַȥ֮µؾȻֻһѻûγǣڵϣһַȥӰаһղѾ׼ˣȴȻַӵ
ˣһ䣬漴ֻ΢ʱٶ뵽£һ֣䶯׼ط
ÿٶȣַӰ񱼣֣໥׷˫ٶȼΪֲǱߣ֣ǰ֮һϮ£ҹɫȫΪһ壬¹ϣͺ񲻴ڰ㣬׷ˣ󾹶ɫ磬·ܹУգڲϵ
ڣһɽ֮ϣǰܵӰͣ˽Ųֻվɽۣûĵط˵İ㣬عͷź׷һӰȥ֮Уаâ
ַͫ£ô
ԭӰȻǳվ˵̫ħߣųû֪ټֱʥ֣֮Ҳǣߵ˷ʥɽǰбʥۣһߵʥɽǰߵȴֲͬĵ·ʥ˳ӦɾʥҪŲ죬ͬɾʥԳףɾס
һֹȥãַ׷ɱĹУȻҲˣ·Ҫнضһ⡢Ǻʱ⡢漴̫ħߡĹ
ĿȻתַ֮͸ǿҵħа⣬ͬһ㣬УɾʥȻǳ¡
ַ㿴ų￴ԼƺϳԼ
ϣʲôַаľ磬ɸоϳˣȻﲢδע˶յӰڵһ壬ǵļ䣬Ҫˡ
ˣȻ䣬ֻǿߣſͬޱߵ㣬֮۶£ǵϣ̺ʥ
ͻأ䣬⻪һǺ֮УЩǿ֮ٶȿ쵽˼顢쵽£̤ʥ֮󣬵֮֮УǷ켫ͻƿռܹա
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ˣһâ˸飬ȻֻһʱƬռ䣬ŭһ
£ңӰ֡
𣡡һŭ𣬳־ü֮漴ƵлµĲֱӽԷû
ַͫղǿԻʹ֮УȻöԷΣƬضңƿأ֮£ʥǿֱӱû
˳ӦʥУ֮ѣȻУɾʥսȻ˳Ӧɾʥͬǿ߸
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ЩĿַ⳯˵н㡣
ˣַֻһֱ̤˳ȥȻȴ峯ȥַ㡣
վһսαضܡַųȥ
ʱҲսӰƮˣַ㱣㹻ľ룬ַܾ㽻档
νʱַĮʵ
ˣԻסĮڣǬơ̤졢ΨҶ磬һ֮䡣
£·˺ڰ֮УʧӰ·˺ڶԼ˽ȥûټֻһЩµϢǡ
Դӳڻʰʵչ¶ɣоܣ񣬳Ī⣬ղǵεǣҪײ
֮ϣĳһĨ⣬ûǰϮɱַ㣬ղųʵܶ˿ַܾһսַ֪ʵҲȻˡ
Ƭռ֮У⣬ַһλˣңͬμյľˣڳ֮ǰڶϯλ֮ˣڤ
ĿڤҲ򣬶ңڿڤ󣬸ʮ˷ӣʵˣԶԷ
ʱڤսŷ֮࣬Уɱ𣬿ڤɱ񣬹춯أÿһɱУ̺ɱ֮ڿڤʮӽԶվǣΪûвս·ʱڤսǣģȻǿڴ˱֣ᷢЩ˵ʵȿڤǿǣΪСʥУдʥݣԺɨһȻǲ˽սֻΪңĸԸ
ܿ죬սڤӶṦѫޱ飬ǰĹֻһĿģںɳ֮򣬵ָ֮żﴫ˵еı˰֮أ


2387 
ȥַ֮㿪ʼڻ֮һգһλóѩʥȻַ㣬ֻһɱ֣벽ʥˣûܹ赲ַ㣬ĹѫԽԽࡣ
Ҷ䡣
Ĺ֮У·ҲмڱǨַ㣬̤ĹѾаʱˣһֱӶṦѫ˺ܹܶ࣬ĸܵü֮Ĺѫ֮ȹǿʢȻȴûгָļ
˿̣֮ڣַںһλǿ߽棬ַֻĶʱӡìƬնȻ޹⣬ȫ֮⣬ޱȿ¡
ͣսʥǿҪ֮ܣȻӡ·㣬һУһìֱӶ˶Է壬ǣʴַü֮âҫŶԷȥӶṦѫ
õѫַ֮Ӱ磬񱼶ݣ֮˿ֵ˵ĵˣԷǿһᶯɱֹӶ̫ĹѫӶߴռб
֮񲨶ַֻоƬնڲϿ֮أǹ֮·Ųơ
ã˶ˡַɫ£ӶṦѫΪȡʥ֮Ȼ룬ⱻǿ߷Χˣ˿̣ƺиﶢҲų֣󶯾Χ˶֪
֮ˣѾ֮ãÿɱһλʥҼΪƻΣһҪΡпֲ£Ҫ˶ַ֪⡣
Ȼڴ˿ַֻ̣Ӱû⻯Ÿͬߡ
𣡡ֻһɿֲ֮٣ʱַڵƬռ˿µշ籩κһ䣬һ⻯Ψַıܹܣɼ񱼶ߣټ޷ˡ
лǿߡַͫ
ΣΪ㣬ҿ˺üλѷɡǵٶƮЩѾʶַܵˮƽˣϵ
磡ַˣͬһ쫷磬ɨأҶ䣬Ž֮ؿ񱼣δ֮ΧͷǳΣˣʱΧˣο룬ڣ֮ǿΪɱ֡
ַһߣȻһ˺ѿһɿµţʹַͷ΢ΧλСɵʥ׷
Ӳʱ֮£ַ̼ޱȵ·ֱӽ֮֯䣬һֲγڴ֮ϣַȻֹ˿̣һ޴εУǰ棬һӰ档
ǿߣҲˣϿգεˣ£֮Уλǿߣվڲͬλַ㡣
㵽Сʥ˻ǰ벽ʥˣСʥˣȴαװϢ԰벽ʥ֣òٹѫȴ¾ҷʥֶδ̫ӡֻϿ˶ַ㣬Įʵ
ǰ벽ʥˣСʥ׷ɱңѵɣַʡ
Ҳ˵޷ȷǷ˾磬ǰ벽ʥˣսֻ֮ʥԽԽ٣̤ĹеʥﱾͲ࣬οֻ֮ĹһѣԣһҪɱ㣬ݲ
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣǻкο˵ģְɣַ㵭˵漴ҫַУ֣֮վǣʱһɱŰ
ŲǰַһλСɵʥϵϢ·ҪһУգɳַĽУ·˿µУЩɳУ˲Ϣɵ
ɷ籩ԽԽǿ󣬽֮Χ·΢СУܱߵϢ̵
ʥңʥศɣ·пֲ־ɫ£ʥǷǳµʥƣѾܿˣеΧ
λСɵʥǿߣĿ¶֮ɫǿԽԽ࣬һĻ֪жô¡
ףʱַ㣬ܱףʵԽԽǿ֮壬ӡ
ַǰСɵʥ֮Уɫ֮Ťţ񷣬ƺһתĻƬĻ֮У·һޱߵ㣬ͬʱɱȥǹɱжֲ
ߣһ˵壬뵽޵ȥ·ڰ㣬һˣܣһ֣ںһ𣬻ܹѹһУƴĿֲƣ·һ֮䣬ͽ׵ı
ȻַһкţʲôûпһֻǼǰ룬ҪɱһˣƣͬʱλСʥǿߣʣû׼ǿһһϣȹ
ˣڣַĽŲ̤˳ȥһٶȵ˼£˲ǰ֮ˣһ̤ͬʱԷĹֱͷţ̼䣬֮У飬أַɱ޴Σÿһ̺֮·ɲǼ䣬еַǰɱʮλʥˡ
ַͣĽ趯Ȼûд̳
˵ĹҲˣһΣѹ·Ҫգһˣ޳֣Уһõľ޴ַԴ˹ȥ޴·û㣬ȴַ·̺ǿʥ
ַ۾ͻأϣ磬ΪףĹ켣ι켣޴켣ɼһɱҲԻЩһһʧȥǿҲһͬʱҲζʧȥɱԷĻᣬԷΧΪΣա
ַ㣬ץȡֹ켣ÿһĹ켣ַ㣬ҪΪǵס
аʱ֮εʵ׸ȱҼȻΪףΪβٶȡַа־·ҪһĹ켣
һ⣬ԼĹҿǱ˵ĹȻҵкβɡɲ֮䣬ַУȼǿҵ
ң˳졢졢ֻΪס
뵽⣬ַȻ³һ֣
һ£ΧĿռ䣬·һ֣֮⾳һתĹ켣·𶼱仺ȻַҲ޷ԵͣԶûдﵽֲֿĵز
ǣ˿Ѿ㹻ˣ


2388 򡮿졯
ǿ߽棬һ֮о޴Ӱ죬Σοǵַּ
ַֻó֮ãȻʵַѾ߱˼ǿĹʥ֮ͻȻֶ֮⾳ΧռüԽԽＫµĻͲʱˡ
֮£ַͨΪвǿµġ
ַɨһǰ˾ϣȻת׽ֳ־޴ɱ˹ȥ
㣡ɫ󾪣ȻٶȱȻǿƿԼģ޴ȻɢչĻԼʹӰ֣ʱʧ֮Уַһ֮죬޾Ƭ·һһ𣬻
Ҫ޵ǿŤǰֱֲӽ̵˽ȥѫַ㶼Ҫˣǹû׽Уַֹǰ壬ͬʱ֮ͻأʧ̼䣬޾ĿŶɱȥ棬޾ѹַǿߡ
ջȥֻŭһȻԷʥѾȥﻹܹյûȥ
ˣһУʱѹ£ͬʱǰһ֮赲򽣣ı촫α͸ͬʱˡ
Ȼ䣬ֲ֮⽵ϣƬռ䣬·ܵӰ죬û
ʥǿߺƣǰٶȷ·Ӱ죬ַ׿ռκεط塣
ֻһָճƣ֯ɹͼָͼ֮ϣʹýϵĻ棬ʱȴоһΣַˣһεַ㣬ٶȿ磬ȸղŵĹٶȻҪ죬Ľƺ̺µĿ죬۾ϡ
ŭĿַ㣬۾ǰ·´ʲô㡣
ȥַǰ֮ʱֻ³з·³һɫ磬ַ㶴ɱȥַɱٶȣټϽɫٶȣܶܵ
ַŭһ֮⾳ͷŵ£˽ľ룬ܹ̺ܵĿ»
ַ㽫ǹ֮ͷţڵҪΪƬϴڣȻ£Ȼٶȱ˺ܶ࣬Եúܿ죬ַ㣬ԼٶȶˣĽ֯ţȫ
ַͣüĿѣ˺Ѫɫ絽ǰ
ַĽǰ˦˳ȥŭţͬʱһ̣Χ⾳һ㣬ռ·Ҫֹͣ
ˣ⻪ҫַʧǵֱӻգ˻˻죬ַ㣬Ѿˡ
һ־˻ǹַ˾ûôˣµ׽ֱӴ͸ͷ­ɱ漴صַߣַͷϿա
ֻʱַüѪȴڼٵĻָţεǿᣬָˣղȷʵֲǻĻҲ
ȻκһλСɵʥҪٽ׽Ҳжķϣղ磬¾Ƿǳ֮ɵĽɫ磬ܹһڹؼʱɱˣҷӦ죬˵ɱԷԼҲ
ַа˵ʵһսܽң֮ǰһսģͺпˣȻղܹԴ֮㿪˲䣬ɫԴ޵յмɱˡ
ʱַٻعͷȥʣµһˣֻԷͲ֪ӵȥˣڿַܿͬһͬʱ׽ɱͬʱ˾Ϳʼˣ֪߿ֲҲɣַûܹһս⾳ձ仺ºַ㽻棬ûаʤ㣬ֻܡ
Х֮ͻأ䴫ʹַɫ£˸ַ񱼶ߣ뿪Ƭռ䣬ԷȻھ֮ǿߣһΧˣ¼˿֮⾳ҲҪ
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ڣַ嵽˾ŴĽ֮ûֱͣҵһɽڶֹ̤֮㡣
ַ֮Կڶ֮УΪҪС
ַϥ漴ϣܿ죬뵽Լ֮С
ַվ磬һƿصĸоȻڵ磬ס
ֻ˿ַ̣ܣкܶҶƮƮзš
ַ΢ʱ磬·𶼱ҶڶĻȱˣƮɵҶˣһ£·ֻҪַһͷ磬Ϊ֮仺
ȻֻҪҵУͿ֮ҵ磬ƣߵģӲ磬ֻܵԽңٶԽ
ַ૵Ȼ֮⣬ҲƵģַĶֺǿ󡢷ǳǿƩɵʥַ֮⣬ȻɿԶԶԷãǶԷԶƿضԿ֮ôַҪ΢ĳ̶ȣûзĸоȻǶԸԼСܶˣһ֮£Էٶȣͷͬţһˣʵ
ȻôӦҲˣһ죬ٽҵսֽܼһΣǿַ漴ôվǣ۾ڸܣһִ⣬ֻģ꣬ȥܡ
ղţ˵ֹҸоԼѱܿ׷Ѱ켣ͻأ֮⣬ǿ죬ָ򡣡ַеҶƮ䣬ԷŵǣôҶٵƮأΣɾͿ졣
ַ㣬˼˿˼УɱУ÷յý㹻Ŀ죬죬ʹǿһСʯͷֱӴͷϷûоǿʯͷӺܸߵĵطͷϣͻʹˣһöٵʯͷֱӴ͸˵ļ쵽һ̶ȣɱˡǿ졣
ǣҪ죬ַ㣬˼ڤ룡


2389 
´ӲΪ˵ԭֹͣţתۼ䣬ʱȥַ㣬ɻԼ֮УεܻٶȱǰˣĹҲ죬ǣⲻҪĿ졣
ֿ죬ա÷硢־Լ죬⾳ûƿصĸо
ҲҸˣܹ֮ǻԵһ̣˹ң⾳ҺҪǵĹٶȣһжǣ⶯ˣڣһζ׷죬ȴڼϣû⣬һ⡢һֵַƽվҵ磬޾ա
֮ϣһƮƵģ·еɢ㡣
ַ΢̼䣬Ƭ磬·ƣˣһƶš
ٶأַͻأһ뷨ףƶƶеٶȣǴ˿̵ٶأ
ôղŵٶȣǼӿٶˡ
ûоԣԵģһ⣬ܼ򵥡
죡ַ¶һĨЦ⣬漴ƮһЩָܿ˸ղŵٶȣңƺȸղŸ졣
֮ǰҶùַЦŵû֣ᷢҪ죬һ·һ⡢򵥣׾١
ǿˣһԶˣˣͼˡ
ڣӵ֮һУܹܻ޾ͨʥټĿ㲻ʥҲɱͨСʥˣֻǣҪܻ֮ڣʱҵսǿ
ַ㣬ڴսѾǳˣͻһĻǳֲ֮ÿһ磬·췭ظʵܹõɱ䣬׺ڣȻֻһɱ䡣
Ҳ޷׾ͻҪ죬ֻ˳Ȼǰһˮɡ
ַ˳УǰеһֽȻͬԶԵĹмӳ֣ͬʱܹԷʵ˵һε򣬶ʵǾ޴ģսȫһΣҪٺϴһսλСɵʥǿߣԿԲôΣգȫɱȻһʼԷͶܣȻۡ
ѫ֪ҵĹѫҪۻãܹõνַָа⣬˳ԼµĴ󣬳Ŷ֮ȥĿһ֮⻪Ҫˡ
͡Ȼ䣬ַֻоԼסˣֲϣƬᣬ壬ƶ漴ַ㿴һµӰ֣̽ⶴ˿ǿ󷨣˲ðȻȥ֮˵Ȧ׵УһֱȺţ͵ŶԷһȾµʱ䣬ڣַ߳ˣܹôõĻᡣ
һһҪɱԷȥ
ַ֪ǿסڵλãվǣԷܶǳԴһַɫһ䣬ǱһƻУ¾ͷ­Ľ֡
ףַһǿһУκ֮Ѿܳ죬ԷҲֻǰ벽ʥ˶ѣ֮赲ַ֮㣬׵ƿأѾܶˣȻûУŶԷӡ޽ӽԼ³һ֣
³Էٶȳ׵ɫȻˡ
졢졭ͷһôôˣֱӽڵٶƵ֮һĳ̶ȣ̫ˣٶȱıġ
ַ֮ͷŵ㣬ҪԸ벽ʥˣܹ٣˿̣ԷƶĹ켣Ӳƿأ̶ȶ£벽ʥԸûʲô
ˣôܣɫҰףַ㣬ֻ׵ľ룬룬ٶȣһɲǣʯɣͷת˿̣øţһһо붼û
ǰһ̶ֳ֪ȵķûаʤ㣬ֻ·һֱӿˡ
ַ㣬ܷŹ
ˡַ³һ漴ָһ㣬ʮӡָ֮УһָеУ˵ָ
죡ַһʱָٶȱնԷ˲Ѿָˣһ
ַɶȡѫ漴߳һʱӰڿն𣬴˿ֵҹ¹ɣż֮⣬ַһֱɽ֮ϣ¶˵Ұ֮Уʵǹ԰벽ʥ׾ɱ⽻Ļ֮أҪ٣ɱͺá
ȻõָҪӴĹѫô͸һЩӶṦѫۣ˿ûַȲεģΪַľʥǰ벽ʥˣİ벽ʥˣ˭Һַһô񣬵ȱɱǸ߾֮ʵİ벽ʥˣǲ飬ΪӶĹѫһ㣬ǿ߷ˣػɱȥ
˿̣һǰվżӰ⼸ӰμΪӴĶߵĳף¶һֳĴǳֲǵϣһɼΪֲϢԶŵĴܡ
˰ˣ֮żѰ㼣񣬾һʣˣȻӶ˼ĹѫûܹżҲҪĴ𰸣Ҫȶá˿̣ߵһ૵Ѿ˰˰ʱ⣬ʱʮˣǾʥڣֻʣĸˣˣˣǴɢӶṦѫ֪ǿ̫ˣܶ࣬Ǵ˼ǧĴڣǱĹС
壬飬ĻôǱȽӰʵ֮żΪʲôûо飬ƭӣڣ鹹ġ
ǵأ̫ŵʱȷʵڵģǾһ棬ĺһҵ㼣ġǸߴӰǿҡ
Ҳ飬һֱڿǣǾǲǿΪʲôһҪҵżءһ˿ʵеʹס
ΪʲôǸߴӰ񷣬ܹ磬ϵĴڣΪʲôҪѰңΪʲôΪ֤иߵĴڣӶ̤㵽һ𣬷֮ˣһ̶Ⱥλжǰ


2390 ɽ
ˣǶ̧ͷԶɽȥѾս
壬ҪҪӶ᣿
ȿһƺƿܹ˵ĹٶȱͲóٱѻɱ֡ߴľ˿˵
һ֮Ҳ谭ˣԱ֮ƺЩͬ⣬˫޴͸ǿҵս⡣
ٵȵȰɣĹٶȣҲǿˣЩĺǿ֪Ƿġ
Ż磿һԣһ̧ͷ
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̫ˣҲĲΣſԿʱ򣬹磬Ҳһ
壬ȥˡʱֻһһԾ¡¡Ĺ촫ֱԶɽϵսȺȥ
ҶһͲסӣҲϣһ壬ʣĸˣˡ̤Ӵƺ˿Ӱ첻ǵٶȣܿ죬ͬʱɽ֮ϣھҵ
ţַĵָոһǿߵ漴ͣĿɨΧһۣ漴ӾˣʵЩأӴͬһϵһһǿѹü֮ӡǣǳӡǣζţǴǿ֮ġ
Զʱڵǿ֮֮񣬺ܲɷֵϵʱǿڵ
ǿ֮Ĵǿ⣬ΧˣһϢǷǿʢϢӶԷ˵ַϣղַѾɱ˺üˣսǳǿˣ϶Ӷ˲ٹѫġ
ֳˡֻһӰ˸Ҳɽ֮ϣĿӾļλǿߣλǵʵһȴȥɱ벽ʥˣδЩˡ
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ӡ塣ַɫ£ֿӡ壬壬ȴʥܵ壬յĶ¸ͬն
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ӡɱһŭ֮޾ӡۣ֮·ĹӡǰƮ۳һյľ޴ӡһΣԴǴ֮ء
䣡ǹɿֲıϯأȺıˣƶҪɽֱӻΪĩ˵Ĺ̫ˡ
ֵ屾ԴҪ֮ô֮Ŀⶢӡ壬ӡУܻܿᷢµı仯
ַҲⳡսʥսܹкܴĴָ֣͸ǳǿĴóһŶ֮ʱ˵ĸоͬʱһʥ£һЩɱ֣ʱַоԷ̫ǿˡ
˿̣ˣҲƵĸоۡҲܹõƲ֮
㲻ҵĶֻ֡ɽֶӡ壬߰ɣҾܱ֤ǿ
ðԵȺǳˣǳ·ĺܣıԴ֮ǳǳʥӵ
ӡɫ£Ķ֣ǿȻԷĻôղŵײףҲȷ޷սʤԷ
ŴоλڣϣΥĻӡĮ˵漴һʧ
壿ַɫ£ƺû˵ôһĴڣȻַԾ֪֮ͥ࣬Ȼ޾ľڣһǿľڣӦû֪Ŷԡ
һսʱߵַǰַ㣬սڣ


2391 ż
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ְɣַ㿴žңĮĿ˵ɫƽûа㲨
ˣҽŲһ̤建ڿգ޾ǳͬǳ࣬ǹϣž촫·ڱ󣬻ľˣɽĳ֮У·ܹ׽ַ̤
ֻҽŲǰһ̤һֻ޽ֱӳַڵķλ̤ȥޱߣٶȿ쵽ֲ
ַ̧ͷǿֲһţûкˣǰ̤һ֮֮Уֱӳǰ˳ȥһ촫޽ű˺ʹþɫ£ǿĹȻֱܹĹ
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һΣַûмԼʥӵ׽ߴħꪵɱСʥ٣Ȼ˿̣Ҫƾ;һս
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ĹѾǿˣʹһַϵĽʧͬ˰㣬һЦ֮ҪܾһҪһЩ
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żһżô󣬽Ĺֻ飬˴ֱʣĹż
ַ𺳣֮żô˿̣ǿ续ڻУǰһж䲻׽Ĺһ޾ż
ǿգǿ飬ζţǿ֮ۻ㹻Ĺѫʹǿż֣żûг֡
ǿ֮Ӯˣڻ۵˹ѫȻĪǿǺǿߣͶǿ֮ǿջ˺ܶЩ˷УУһŵķŭ𣺡ڳżﱻʮ꣬û㹻ͬǿɱҾԶۻ˵ĹѫԶȥڣڳˡ
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2392 
ǿգȺǰ޲ţ֮ϣֻһӰգǳ֮ҫ֮£ͬһ㣬ǣֵż𺳡
ܶ˶ڻɣĹѵһ嫵żô˿ֵ̳ģǿչżôλ۵Ĺѫǿ֮ʤʤֻʲôżĹѵܹһΪţ־ż֮ò
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ˡˡȺ𺳹ֻһӰƿգǳż֮УȻֱʣôζһлģҪ
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壬˵Ƭ֮ż飬ǵ棿вţǣҵż
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ʱ̫ˣǷĺᶼѾ޷֤Ҫ˵ԵЩĴ˵ԣǾ˶ԺἰԽԽ٣˺˵ˡɽ
ȥμϣţ棬ʱĿĹգҫ˵۾޷ɽͷҵĲţ۾۾
񼣣񼣡˷źͷޱȵļͷǿţȻǻģ


2393 Ŀ
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Ŷţһ֮·˾ɽ漴ԭǾĺᣬһȷһ塣
ġļݺݵĲ£ǵ񶼺ٱŵĴţô
ˣȻֻţ˵һ̫ˣ飬ֻ
ǰˣôɽΪɵʥ˿ȴܽţǿţڴ
飡ţͳ漴Ȼǣǿ֮һ
ڣһ̣ƬǿеˣͷݺݵţǣڵõһȷŵĴ𰸣飬Ǵŵģǽգ֮żˣǿţ
ôɽ΢΢š
ô˶֪飬Ƿڣڡ
Ӧáڰɣǿţһʹ˵Ŀһǿţ˵ӦãڡǺȷţζţڣҲ֪Ƿ飬żǰġ
棬𣿡ɽʵ
ǿţ˿ڰ𣬶ʱ֮ǳ
ЩҲᣬƬǿ磬żЩǳǿȥģ㼣˴ģܻ磬ԣǿȥ˺õˣܹõôܶˣûǿ󣬲ɱ¾
һſǳȻ硣˶۽磬飬ܣ磬ס
ǰʥˣҲһϣǣռڡ
ȻǻԼϣֱӽµĿ飬ܹͨ飬ԵõĺôʧܣΣգڣǿ£ҪϵˣҵǿաǿţٶȶȺ
ǣ·ѡһȥ޾ǿѰżлõżңûкܴΣڶ·ֱӽĿ飬ڶΣգпܻ䣬ˣ̸ô·ѡ
ңֻйѫ㹻ˣѡȨûйѫȨûУȻ۶ֵżԹѫҪӦû̫̣в˶վһƽϣ¾ۼĹǿڣˡ
кܶǿ߽ʱ䣬Ϊλģô۵ǿ֪
壬ǵȻѡȥܿ顣Ҷžɽ˵һҪȥµĿ顣
ȻһҪȥ˶ɥҲҪһɽ˵һҪ
ߣɽڵ漴ǵһ뵽ǿţУֻһǳǣ漴ǵӰʧȺǰ
ʧˣĿȥˡȺɫ£ܶˣѡϣĿ鰡ĵزʥεȵǿ󣬵ǰһ̫ˣ׷ģ۷֮·ôڣһ۷Ĵھǰ˿飬ôܷˣǰУ̤뵽ǿţľУԸܿ顣
ʥǣεȼַ͡૵漴Ҳϣ̼䣬һǳϣ˰
ףһͺƺţܾȡ
ûԵľ硣һַУ漴ѵǡ
ϢǿȣӦڳʥ۷״̬漴ǳַУַӰҲ漴ʧˡ
ǿչ·ַٴγֵʱվһǿչ·ǰƬռ䣬˿мʮλʥǿߣǰ벽ʥˡ
ͬһεˣͬεĿôַаȻ˶㣬ͬεһĿ飬Ȼǲƽ
ǼȻ˽ܿ飬ôû·ˣ˳ǿչ·ǰߣߵ˾ͷͨ˿飬ΪԼͨ飬ߣҲһǽһм䣬ᱻĨ
ȺĶУʹɫ£ͨ˿飬ǣûʸ֪﷢飬䣬ҪĨȥܲпᡣ
ˣڣǿԳˡٶȴ˲δǰһжδ֪ģĿ飬ʲôǿܴڵģκһУпܣҪΪСġ
ʲô֣ʱַߣֻһӰ֣Ǿӵܣҡ
ľ硣ַ㿪ڵڣҲпַ㣬Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳ͽľ硣
ľ磬ǿչ·Ŀ飬Ȼأ֣ΣҺַ㽻ַֹ֪ԣԸַ֡
ַûие֣˿̣ܶˣľһ֣ҵΪϾǿţûй涨ֻ֣Ҫߵǿչ·ľͷͨˡ
áַ˵ͷȻԼʵţĿ飬һѣ̫ǿսҲһ
λҽľӣһǰвһֶԸ˿̣һǿ߿˵˶ûʲôһǰУ˳ǿչ·ǿǰһǳҪͨǳܼǰߡ
ǳϣܶˡշУʮˣǿǳȥ
ĺܶǿڣôôࣿ˾¿յǳ飬·һ֧
ãգǿѹ޷С
ַҲ֣ԽǳѹԽǿ޷С
ЩҲûյģǽյǳֻдӵͨȺ壬ϵ½ǽӽܿ죬һɿֲѹֶǿһ˫˫Ѫ۾·۾Ǹͨ࣬ܿǿܻ꣬ɷǿ


2394 ͬЭ
ʥȻ壬Ȼӵʥ϶ǣҪôȥľɫÿǸղԶյʱ򣬷ǳϣǿߴڣ߼УΧסǾ·һ
ܹۻٵĹѫԵһ߽ǣҲվǰ벽ʥˣսǿҲޣ޷У뵽ǵİУһݽȥôͻƵˣ
⿼飬̫ˣңֻǵһصĿ顣
ѣΪĿ飬ôܲѡ
Եʥɣţǰû˵ܽʥȻ֪ǵĿѶȻܿ£Ҫֻͨһ취һ·ɱһƽƬ̶ͣһֱɱǳľͷȥַ㿪˵΢΢ͷ׷׼Լʥַ֪˵ĶԣҪȥֻһ·ɱһֱɱ治ͣп
ǣһ·ɱȥһͣ£Ѷȣֻһ£˸оȫ飬̫ˣ졣
ûа취ˣˣۼһɣкͣɱȥôˣԷΪüͣ໥油Ϣڣ˵˵ԼóǷءľվ˳ʱ򣬱ҪͬЭɱȥ·һ֣лᡣ
˵ԼеľϵıԴóˣܹܺõĸսľԼڡ
óҪᣬ»ޡ
ҪԴ֮ˮ֮ͬ˺ѹҵˮηء
Ⱥ˵Լڶ׿һУʱ֣Ҫȶȹ˽١
ҵĹԹᣬǰе񣺡ǲһֱԶսȥҪ໥滻
ԸսַҲ漴ڡ
ˣ˵ԼľӿȺڵһʮλǿߣΪӣһӶʮһˣǰʱһӸǰһϢͬʱ΢ÿһ֣ڶ죬һϢɥʧȥս滻ϡ
ԣУ
һӶʮһ˵Ļʮǰ湥ں˸ˣһóƣҡһóսľԵΡһóԮӵǿֻһˡľӵ
ҲóԳ䵱һַ
̫ˣû뵽ľóó֮ĻԵˣǻʡһˣ빥УǷһ¡ľԼӦǸ߲ָӵõȻ򣬺ܿ콫ֺˣΪƽ⡣
һУںܶݵʱڣȺΪһͶǵһ𹥷񣬵ڶϢ
ˣʥսɣսϢϢҲҪ̫ɣʱ׼ϣһˣ׼ľӣ쵼ˣ־棬˶෴ңһָӣģľӱҲóģԼһУַˣսм䣬ָӿս

׼ս
Ⱥɫ£սХǰǳУշУսضߣٶҲǼΪֲͬһ㳯ǰǰܿ졣
ӽˣɷǿȺоɷˣ̫ˣǰ棬кüӰ
֣
ȳֵģǾңֻĴǳۣâ貣ֱӽһӰͬʱǿ߹ȫɨһС
ʥͬʱ֣ȷʵǿַ㰵һǣǰһӰߣͷǿɱ
𣡡һֲȺĤϵţ궼΢Щ
ˣʮѪɫǹȺɱ磬ǰһȺʥһ֪δŵģܿ¡
ַ΢ʱЩѪɫǹһʸƿɱֱ˳ǹ֮ϣʹ֮׹䣬ַһλʥ֣ͨأܹɱǧ飬ĿܻۣȫǣǾˣֻһ·ǰɱǰӰ֪⻹Щһ֪ˣɱǣǾͻܲҡ
ɱǰٶȺܿ죬һ˲ɱǰģ˦ģΪ̼
ڣûвϣܹһֱˡľӿڵ
ûô򵥣ǸվۣǿһֵܹزǳжҪܹ綼֪һ־սַ˵ʹľӵͷֵ˵ûȷһѵĳ־սֻʱûΣա
ãšһɣһ˻߼˴Ļ̫ˡ޾ǿߣɱɱ꣬ΪַĴڣԶһˣľӾսȫĵʥսٵĵطǰܿΧˡ
ˣģǿҲ̫ܲáַԸ𹥻ˣҪַͣľǿֲġ
ÿһΣֳսľ˵ͬʱʹþű޵һһ£ǵ԰벽ʥˣҲ赲ַɱ
Ǻַͷһλþŵսǿ
սһ·ǰУƿһУ˳һˣҲƣ
ǰܶǿߣǷҪСڵ
ɱȥǰҲͼ˶ѡ˻Ӧ
á˵ͷȻʱ򣬺¡¡Ŀ죬Ȼ䷭췭ظƬط·Ʒ
óǿߣСġ
־űͬʱն¡¡Ŀ촫ǰĴʯֱӱն飬̹ս˲˹ȥȻ󷽣һʯ赲ǡ
սϵĹǿ߶ķϿգһ޴ӡ
ַһ³漴һ˼ʸֱɱһը촫չӡ飬ηʥ
Զϵʥǿ߷ϹľЩľ
졢죬ܱסľӿڵͬʱ޾ϷĳգŶԷȥ
ãսƷˡʱȺоҪת޷סоһɿֲ
ˡˣ˷ڹʥսʥսƷʥҪҲףսϵȴƷˡ
֮ϣһѪɫֳ¿ץ˹ֱַڵλá
ˣҪסˡַĿ£Բܱס
ַͫڣ˲ϢϿ֮˱ڰþס漴ַγǰɱȥһƬңѸٽս
ħַ֣ꪳȻ䳯ǰұڴȥ磬͵촫ұڱѣһߣħꪲһԴС
͡ľӺܼͷۣȫǲЩܲƹȥҪս
һ¿սǰ壬Ⱥһսַħң漴峯ս֮ϣڵɨǰ֮ˣáãͷŵ£ٳһ
ˣսٶȼ죬˲Ϣһ·
ҡһŭ𴫳ֻһ˱סˣûüս
ߣܵȡЩͬʱȵʹһɾ޴ѹֻˡ
˿սԶȥԼȴʥǿûһĨµĻ·һˣ


2395 ǳ֮
ַڵսѵһ·ǰУøӵĽǰǿ߶࣬ƵԸ໨ʱ䣬ҲȥðգȻһǰٶȴۿۣתۼ䣬ʱȥսϵ˶оһƣȻûпǰ·
ǳ··ûб߽㣬սϵÿ滻սļ󣬼ϢˣҲ޷ȫĵͶ뵽ϢУʱ̷滻ڣʥǿѾʮˣʮˣˣҪôս䣬Ҫôˡ
ǿչ·ս֮⣬ַǺֻ˺Щ˲ǳ֮ϣͬӵշеʥһҶۣƣһҶǿڤ֮ƣһҶ֮ϣ˲࣬ȻȴϢ£Ҳ棬ͿڤȻ
۷ԡ޾֮⣬ֲ̺һҶ֮λӷ֮ϣȫڵѪ֪˶ǿѪҺ۲Ǵʥͬǹǰбַսɡ
ս֮ϣȺĿⶼǰаôû
֪ǳ̫ˡ
ʱһȺǰɫ˲ˣսͣ
ˡɫ԰ף漴Ԧתת򣬳Ա߼۶ȥȻǰӰ·𣬳׵Ľ·
ȥˡվĿսɫѿȺȻҲǰ龰̫ܼˣǰǿߣһ·ǰĵطܼ̫ˣû·ҪɱȥЩ˵̶ܼȣڶ˲۳֮ûͨ
ô죿ʵ
ɱȥɣǿ飬ûѡҪôͷǿţǰ˵ˣͷҲ·ľӵһ
һҪͨ飬ֻᣬҲһеڶΡֻһŮĿ㣬ŮӽʵǿóˮԼҶͨʥ
ɱˡȺ˼ᶨ׷׵
ãǾһһʱǰȥֻηĹ£пֲ۶˵һ촫ƿգԽգһ죬ֱ䴩һ˵Դ
սǰнţЩ˿ߵһУɱ˹ŭأȺֻоɷ죬궼ڲ𵴡
ʥǵضûգȺ̧ͷоһĩյ龰̫ˡ
Ժˡ˸Ծսŵֲͬʱһ貵񷣬ӲĽĹһƷ϶
ߣַ;Ҳһ˲Ծսֻҵ巢ž죬ͬһԶŵľˣ޾ǳԡֻǰϿյĹץȥ·Ҫǳץħ˻
ַӿֿµ֮⣬ͫħâеĴħꪳմɱȥħŭһħӰƿգһƬȱڣȻԱߵսһ죬˺۵սڳܲס׵ˡ
ͣ¡ֻһһλɫ۵ǿָһָһ̣ط·𶼰˶ˣҪֹͣ˻һޣǰ˸ȥŲƣ˲ϢûӰ
ˣˡŭ˾Ȼÿռ䶼ҪֹͣʥһֱûмڲóһܣҪ⣬ȥͨ顣
ʱܶ˶¶ԼĵʥǳηһĹᣬռһ̫Ҫ£ǿֲ̫ȴһУҪٳһ·
ַͷϿ׽ֳִħꪣͬһɱȫ֮⾳ǰ̤ǼĮĿ⣬·Ҫɱ
ַԱߣ˫֮гǳ޴·ǳ۶ĿֲַоĲ
ɱȥַ³һ˵촫ҳǰ̤޴Ĵͷݺݵĳǰ˳ȥͬһſǳը˰㣬ǰҳһȱ
Ҹǰ󷽣㸺ǰҷַ׽ƿɱɱȥޱǿҵг֣·ҪЩ̵֮ܶ⾳ǣʹЩ˵Ĺƶûа취赲ַ㡣
ЩȻʥһᶼûСַ㰵һеĴħꪱǿħͬħ磬Ƴգǰᴩ˼ͷ­
ɫַܻ֮Ļ֣ҵǿ߶ҪǶ뵽Ŀռ󷨵С
󷨡˷ܵĺһǵѹС̫࣬޴ǰҹȥұһԴ
ҵĲߣҪ뿪󷨡ַ˵һ·ǰУ󷨷·Ҳ֮⾳ҲͬþҸ˷ܣ̫ˣľ磬ţ⾳£ռУû赲ǡ
ȷַȺս̫ˣַҲޱȾ޴ģΪĹ᲻Ϲ󷨣Ҫһֱȥ޲ͬʱҪ֮⾳͹ģ̫ˡ
ôô࣬·ûַĿ⺮䣬ǰ˿ֻһͷɱȥ
꣡Աߣѣֻһ˹һ죬ַ֪׽ֱӴͷ­漴ֲ嶼û
ַȱڱһɱ漴ٶȽ֯ɣĶظ
գɱַƣоԴʹ̫ƣˣʥˣҲ޷ֹĹɱһս֪ҪǿߣֻһЩӵ߷ܹˡ
ˣˣǵ˾ͷǰǿչ·ˡ˷ܵĺһɱˡ
һǹַ̥¶һĨЦ⣬ҲоˣɱͷˣҺһһֱͣĹ·ԶĲ꣬һֱô˷ܵսţǸ̬ĺᣬңսûоҰػ󷨵һˣѣ¶Ҫ뵽档
ߣɱȥַ㺰һһΣл׽ͬһ쫷˳ȥ
סҲΪסַһ̳һΨһһУ֮͵첻ϣܵ
ʹ죡˷ܵĴڣǳıԵǰ̤ǿչ·ϣȥǳ֮ϣԶ飬ǿ޾˸оͷƤ飬ˡ
ľ磬̫ǿˣǺ֣ѡҿַ
˴ˡһЦ漴ַֻ߰ɣǰʲô顣
ҵ˵ͷ漴һǰ̤ǰȥǿչ·޾ǳ֣ûоͷȻһЩʱַ̣;ҵĽŲͣǰһǿ֮ţܶȣЩŹâҲЩûйâġ
˱ǻҪȵֻˡҿһŹţ漴ǰȥľ磬Ӧǵڶؿ飬ȥɡ
˵գĽŲֱһǳ֮ţ棬Ӱֱʧ


2396 
ַҲһǳ֮ŵУ޾ǹԡǰ·ǿյģǺ޾գһӰƽվǣַ㣬·ûпַ㣬˵ǸͲˣһ
ʵĴһַĿ£ǰӰһǳۣ趯૵У˳Уе߾磬Ϊƿ죬˳죬ֱƿ졭ʥ֮˳Ӧ죬ʥɾʹͨǧ󡭡
һƮַУ·о
ŴϵǿߣǽΣ޾ǿȥҵ⻯ô꣬Ҳֻһλʥǿ߽Ȼǰ֮ˣ·͸һħ㣬ĺȻȴ·ĵס
ַ૵˺ѵż飿
ǿճǿƲ趯·Զ滰
Ʈ죬ѣңڲͬߵ֮·˵ȫһַ㶢ǰţԤ߽Ӵ˺ܾãҲŹǿ߽֪Ķ٣Ҳ֪Уͱȫͬ辶
ˣνͬԴһеվܻߵһַһŶԷĶУ·磬һƬΨЩ
һο飬ǵԡ
һο飬ɷУЩáЩǿӵķȻΣǴĿǵԡ
ģǳܻģǽǳ֮뵽֮У֮ҪȫƿǳһֱԴַ㣬ڿ˼Ŀ˼Լ֪˿ʲôֻǣһֱŶԷ
ӵ磬һҲ̫졢С䣬ȵѾܹǣ뵽棬һ䣬ܸı伾ڡıζҵĻҾѾСɵʥˣԣҿɱСɾʥǿߣһ棬ҵ磬ɣ磬ҵΪǳʥΪ磬⡣
ַ㲻˺ܶࡢȫĵĳ˽ȥ
ʱһĹȥĸ֮ǳ֮ŵһˣ˳ȥңһλŮˡ
棬ҾȻĸ²ѹڲСʥ֮ôˣĸͻˣָо̫ˡعͷһǳ漴΢΢лǰָ
ףûгǿ߽ȫĸоУûлᣬȻҲΪΪ۵һĳ̶ȣźֻĸµʱ䣬ͳɹһεĿ飬ң̤Сʥԣ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪̤ʥΣһ磬֮ÿһǵܿ޷һˣ֮󣬳ɾʥȻȴûа취ԴӶ޷̤Сɵʥһǵ
ʥʥǹ֮ͨӶʥɾʥλһʥԼãǳԣֽа벽ʥˣΪ졣
Сʥһһ֣ıԴ֮ҽ֮뵽棬Ϊһ壬ܳΪСɵʥһ£СʥĹȰ벽ʥǿ̫࣬׿ɱǣҲһЩַ̬࣬ͬĴڣΪԼУѾСʥĲΣַ㷢ĹСʥεĹ
Ŀ⿴ǰ漴֪ȴĿ飬ʲôĿ飬Ѿͨأ˿̣ĳ΢ЩȣͨȫĿ飬ǻõʲô
ͨڶصĿ飬ˣ̤СʥΣֹڴˣֵ̫ˡ
֮һ߳ˣǾңֻЦһǳۡ
ˬ𡣡ŭ̫ˬˣѾǧˣͻƣ̤Сʥֻ̧ͷʱ֮ϣͻأǳ֣ǳ
ԺӦʹôͨˣǸжǿ󡣡ĳȣһ󣬵֪ľֵûԣӦûɣȥǰ濴ʲôڵȴҡ
һǳУַƽվǣ૵³·𣬺ͶԷڹܣһϵ֮ҡϣ·һ壬һƬռ䣬ڵģ·֮أһΣ磬ǣ硣
ԱߣǽȻ෴һдУ·޾飬֮⣬С桢ħȵȣҪǴ˿̵ַ㣬ȴôƽһһ˵ţ
ַ㣬òץεܷҪԼĸ쵽ȥɾͣҪɾͣҪҲܷǿĹңԺ֮·һкôġ
У˳Уе߾磬Ϊƿ죬˳죬ֱƿ졭ʥַ֮·㣬һͨͨ󣬴˴ιһˣСɵʥʱɱСʥͲҪʥˡ
ţڽĹУꡢʮ꣬һǳݵʱ̣ƬǿżĹꡢꡭҲָͬһӼ㣬һ죬ַ߳ǳͨ˿飬ʵϣܹͨˣ齲Ļᣬôܹ
ʱַվǿչ·֮ϣĿ䣬ƮȻǴ˿˿ĻֱӶ϶ľ磬Сʥľ硣
꣬һԣȻꡣַ̾Ϣһе˺棬ʱ䣬̫ˡ
ʵѾˣʥȥꡢʮ꣬ڣв꣬Ѿľ磬νΪֲ
ѹֳ˵е˺棬ִҡַЦ£Щпһ磬ܶͣǧ꣬ǧ꣬츳õлĻѾˣ󱲣ȳǿ
ӣ̫̫࣬ܶ˵˵ʱǸӱˣҲǧ󣬱˾͸ˣԽ
ڣҲСʥ˶ֵıԴ뵽УɾͱԴ֮Ȼ򻹲ɱһСʥ׾٣̵СʥǳʥǺѹַа뵽࣬һǿ˶ǣһ֣еĶǿܶ࣬ͻᱻշѹȻԺ󣬿Է˶Է򣬾ͿշѹԷ
֪ʲô顣ַŲ̤ǿչ·ǰС


2397 
ַ㲻ϳǰǿȥ޾ǿ磬һƹ⻪ϣַ̧ͷǳ૵ô
ĹΪĹأѵĹôΪεǿ֮۵Ĺѫһ̶ȣͻƬ򣬻һִɡ
һЩʱַ̣㿴ǰϤӰȻǾԼ
ҡַ㺰һʱתַ㣬漴Цľ磬ҲͻƵڶؿˡ
ַ˵ͷ漴ҺǰоӰֲǣޡ
ǣַʵĪǣǵؿ顣
ؿ飬Ǳ̬ѶȾȻô󣬴Ӱ벽ʥ˵Сʥ֮ͺѣǺãֵĿѣȻоǿսޣս֮ʱѱޣȫСɵʥʵ£ǸͻƣôսҪս⼸꣬Űˡ
Ҷַ㱧Թ˵ѣؿ飬ѣơ
ַҵĻɫ΢£ǿʥҶСɵʥѹ־ұԹˣѶȣȷ̫ˣҪ֪ʥڵģ
Լܣ֪ͨп飬ܵõʲô𣬾֮ܣҲʸܿ顣˿ֻ̣һ׵һüۣޱȣڹҫ˫۾ɭ䣬·𿴲ҡ
µĿ飬ܹȫͨǽϧֻûʸμӿ飬ԼҪμӣǣˣػҲҪЩ˹һùͻǣЩܵĿ죬ǵĻΧޣɱһ
ô˵ҿĺᣬˡŭЩЩʱʱķܲ
᣿һλûᣬᣬҲв۵һѣ˶ûмңս޾¡̧߰ͷ­ƺڶԾҫܹս
ֱЦܿ˿ɲֹǣǰǰ벽ʥˣͻ֮Ŀ飬ЩСʥûв´ĻЩСʥǿߣͨڶؿ飬ԵӦǴɵʥ飬߸ϵĴڣȻܶǿޱȣ㣬СĴڶѡ˵
һͳ˻Ҫ˺㡣
߳ŭЦ漴ַľ磬ǵĻΧֻǰ棬ǽܿʱУ˻Ǳκβǣǲܳǰӽ硣
Ҫʥͨ飿ַ㶢ǰѶȣ̫ˡ
ãڵǿӣǵĻΧֻҪܿԽȥͨ˿飬㣬ǻɱ㣬㿼ˡֻһޱ˵ŰۣΣͷ˫ǣԵø졣
ңƬռ䣬ֹŲƣǧҪȥԡҲˣַһ
ԣŲƣȻֻҪͨӾͨ飬ˣҲǼѣԹΣβ㱻ɱ⼸СɵʥȻ񣬵ʵĺǿҶַ㴫ַ㣬ȴֲ뱻ԷʾԷԴķʽַ㡣
ȥԡַ΢΢ͷ漴Ųĳǰ߳׷ʥǿߣ֪ǵʵж
ǵһģޣƿصıԴǷ磬ٶȼ죬ǧҪסҼ
ַ˵ͷǰǿӣϣһϢҲһ˷ϵԴ֮У˿̣վգ͸оԼǷ磬һ֣ʱԳ˷С
һͳַ֮㣬ޣĬֻ֮䣬˸еѹ֣־塣
㣬ҪʥܲҡǰӰٶȿڣַ£漴˵ͷʥЩǻûô
ַܽҵʵѾǿˣҲͻƵСʥ磬ʵǿЩɱɼΣճ̶ȡ
ַ֣ǰЩޣڶͷַоԷҪɱԼģ顣
ڣͷһˣͬһɫĻӰһ壬ϵԴ֮棬ʥСɡ
ʹ뵽еķ֮ٶж죬
ˣַҲͬƿ˷֮Ȼ䳯ǰ˳ȥһߣҪܿĽӴ
⣬һﾹȻҪͻΧɫ£ľ磬Ҳ̫ˣޣ޷ͻΧ̽
ȻֻûкַײƵַ
ᡣֻһͷϵԳһգֱַ̼ӱԳóıԴǴأСʥξڷǳĴڣ׷һϵıԴԲһԲܹƿشؼĴȫΪأӶΪʥ
ҪһϵԴԲѶ̫ˡ
䣡رѣַֻӰ֣ԡ޾⣬˺һС
ͣצֱӳַԴ˺Ѷ졢죬һֳµĿ죬˸޷ٶȡ
ַһ³ʱĿռٷ·𶼱һֿ³̶ȡ
СһЩʥһĻɫ£֮Դ֮Դ֮ԴƿֱԴӶ̤Сʥô
Ȼ⼸ޣַһĨӣҪһϵԴѶȿǷǳģҲôǿڰ벽ʥ˾޷ͻˣѡ
ѶԽԽѵģҪЩԲһϵԲˣǴɵʥˣЩޱǿΪʥ˼ϵԲִߣǳµģΪκһϵԲֲϵˣжǿ
ַ֮ôԴΪ⣬֮磬ЩԣǻϾǱԴˣףһζַԣѣҪԲĻѶȾͺܴˡ
һϵıԴͰ塢ʹȫͬһΣǴʥҲЩһΣԽ
ٶȱ˫ͷųһ⡣
ֻͣһ£һޱȵгַɱȥÿһжЮſµ쫷磬˺ѵ죬·Ҫͻ֮
Ȼַ㲢潻棬ǰȥ졢ټϿ죬ٶȣ⡣
ߡͻأ䣬ַо϶˼ٱٶȻʹͷһҲǴصıԴɣǿ󣬵Σûкǵ


2398 ͻΧ
Դ֮УΪΣһ˲䣬ַ˼ٱĿ
ַޱȵĳ
ˣХ֮ʹַĿ£棬ɱˣ졢ͻַ֮ٶֻ˿µ쫷磬ٶȣַóԻǳѲ
ͣһӰնȥһץʱмµķ֮նַ㣬ңγһɿµķ籩
ַͷſµĽ⣬˺񷡣
ơַŭһ֮ſֲ֮ԵһжҪ˺ƿȻֻ˵촫һɸӿµѹϣǰԳַ˹ÿһַϵͻǿԽԽǿͨİ벽ʥˣҪֱѹȵ屬ѣ޷
䣡һڱεİƳַ˦˹ֿµĳ֮ûдַ㣬ַоһƬ磬̫ˣĴϣܽ
ַ֮⾳ͷŵ㣬֮Դ뵽øǿˣһ֮䣬Ƭص٣Ҫ
ˡַ峯źˣռټٶȣȴˣһ⣬صԭأǵĹЩ͹
һȺޣңֻʥҳֹˣȻԷûоֻҪɱңޣ¶ΪҲ߱ͨԣֻڿţһһֵĻӵĿֲַĿⶢǰɫأʥоо޴ѹˣޡ
ľ磬ôַԣַ㿪ʵ
ǿЩʥǿҪͨο飬Щѡַ˵
ûй涨ͨһҪһ˿ԡ¶һĨɫַ㶣֣
⵹ǲʧΪһõİ취ֵĻҲЩᣬҲȫȥ
ôҶԵ
ֵĻȻҪǣƣһͻƣ˭ͻƹȥɫ£˵ǵ⣬˭ͻƣ
ͻƹȥζųɹͨ飬˭Ը⽫øԷ
ҵʵľ磬ԸѻøľóİգȻҪһЩҿ˵ҵĻûлᣬܹȫǶˣԸȫΪԼԣҲԣȥ
ɫ£ңǴȣֻᣬȻԸóַͻƹȥ
ãȻԸ֮Һַ㣬һһΣԷ˭ܹͻΧͿˡ˵ûԡ
һһΰɣңҲ룬ÿһΣ˸˭ܳɹȥַ㿪ˣԸҲ˽֮ˣҵʵҲܹлͻƣҲԸ
ҲУôҾɡãǰ
ȻǸ֮ˣѹΪŮܹнյĳɾַ͡аһΪһǷǳ͡ϵġ
ַ;Һϵߵ࣬ȻԸ⸨
һ𣬾ô⣬Ϊĺ䣬ʥǣ汻⼸ӹȥǾ̫˵ˣС϶ס
Щʥɫַһϣô
Ϊ㸲Ͽַһʱϵٷ·ıˣƺֻҪԸ⣬ܹܶࡣ
ľȷʵͬʱ̤Сʥ磬ԺǱԴ֮ɵĻ̤ʥ½ڣǾֱӿԳɾʥλˣڡϣҲıʱ١ƺŹԴںϣ󣬱ʱ⡣
ңľ磬ƺֻпıԴ뵽棬ıĶࡣ
⣡ͻأ䣬³һֱ֮ӱ⣬ûκεļ϶䣬ط⡣
ߣһȻ׼㳯ǰ˳ȥַ;ҽǰȥ
꣡ѵ촫ֻſ죬ŭХһʱؼлɱҲǸģֹͬһֱԴС
죡ַ˶˿٣ǣͬ㳯ǰȥ
°ɡһͻأ併٣漴ֻϲˮΣص·ˮǵס
ˮɫ£ֻ·ˮУ漴ңԡ档
ŮޣȻͬʱˮֱԴɾСʥǰ޿ˮûаãɵ¶һĨɫҲǷǷ
Ȼʱֻһֻ޴Ƴץ˹ȥ
⣡ҪסûãǴʥô㣬·벻ˣҪá
һַֻ嵽Цǰ棬Ȼһ˳ȥֲĻ˺һУӡץסǰ
߲ȥġֲϢϣֻǰʥƻӶʱһ쫷ֱӾϣ˲Ϣ˻ȥ
ʧˣˡַ;ͨ׷׺ˣ»صԭ
̫ǿˣûᣬǸͻƵСɵʥãЩʥ⾳ͣ꣬ǸûκεĻᣬǾͺһɱǵ̽һ֮оЩǷϡɥȷʵѶ̫ˡ
ȷͷ֮⣬ޣ顣ַȻҲоˣмޣʵǿЩ£˵ڶԷǰоСһ
ַ;ҲȥԣǶûܹͻƵַ㣬ͻƵľԶģûܹɹ
Ȼַ㣬ûнȫֳڣʱҪЩޣʵһϰߣʱ򣬲Ļᡣ
תۼֹȥʱ䣬ǣʱ⣬ûܹͻƣֶദһ飬η壬ĸ֣һĳԣȻȴһδεʧܡ


2399 ͻΧ
ηеĿⶢǰʥɫÿЩʥʵǿȻͬΪСʥǵĹ޷ˣвǣҪͻȱڣֻȡɣȻʥʥͨҪȡͨҲѡ
⿼飬̫ˣϧ˲࣬оŸ˾ͺˣǱϾˡ˵Ȼȥʱ䣬ּ˶ԣʲôʱ䣬һֱսʵǲС
ˡʱкХ쫷ʹַ˻Ȼعͷź󷽿ȥʱֻһӰһŷӰƣȻַ㿴ȴһĨɫ
꣬ڳˡֻڤַԣַһۣ˫·ַܹ㿴
ţַɫ£漴ֻڤվҡۣʱұ֪ͳԷǳ֮գû뵽һˣڣɻǵһ̤Сʥ硣
ڤҲϳҡַ΢ܹϳڤȻҲϳ⼸ˣƺ͸ŷǷ
֮˽ȥ˷֮Щٻľ磬û뵽ĳɳȻҲ˵Ŀ죬һûб˦¡ַͬ˵ΪȣһڤһǾǰϯλˣչ¶â֪ȥ
ҵĻԵ֮壬Ҳһоͱҿ졣ڤͬһŷ㣬仯ܴʡʵˡ
ɮʥʵֶ޷ͻΧڣˣһ˿ᣬͬʱԣûлᡣֻҶſڤ˵Ϊɮ
ʥڤǰ漴Ц£дʥʥƺЩá
ԣ˵ȻˣûʿֻءӵԷΪ֮һɲ⣬еķڶ࣬Զʱھһֱڣɺɳ
УְɡЦŵֻڤ˫ֺʮڿգ΢ʱ֮ϷޱߣҫƬգֻһߴɵ֣³޾ÿһһ⣬ֱǰžʥȥ
ЩʥȻɫĮи
շԽʥ֣Զýߣ䶼䲻
Ⱥ۾һǷԴô֮ǿʢΪǵķԴӵһŽϵԴ˷֮ԴǿߣóϵԴ֮֮ԴٸӴķ䣬̫ǿˡ
ŷУղصʥḻģÿһķᴴʥȥвգҲԼʥ
ߣַ³һʱռٷ·ڱ仯ַֻǰоС󡢾ҡη󡣡
áȺˣܹһͣڤм䣬Եӵǿ
Ȼ䣬һɿµȺϣˣһɲǼȫܵǹԿռĳظУƬأ·𶼱ˣǸоѹһɽܡ
ûõġؼˮγҪȺС
󡣡ַ³һĮ֮Ȼܻһ˷·գ뵽õĿռ棬ˮβ棬ȴ·һˡ
ձԴ֮ȻŲƳǰƶܹ𵽺ǿãľ磬ıԴδ̫˰ɡҺоͷ֮󣬴ܻ֮ʥһϵΪԴĻش˱ͺ٣ַ㣬ֱϵԴ֮С
꣡ռ飬Щʥһַ֮
ãַٶһƬأ·ʵĻþռ䡣
һ֮䡢ûأǻþ֮Ҳͷ˵ţ⻹ַıԴжԷʥĳ̶ȣ²ҪǣַҲܹͻΧˣһϵԴ֮ϵϵǾ޴ģһϵıԴΪǿ󣬱ڤķ֮ԴֱԴ֮Ϊǿᡣ
ţЩʥɫҲ£ЩԾ˿̣Ƭض·ǲʵĻþռ䣬ң˺ַܶӰ
ȻʱһʥȻ˫ͫ͸ſµиյĻþ·Ҫֱи¡
ʥڤһĴԣȻ޷̫á
塣ҪЩʥӲȻûлģֻгȥֻҪȥˣǾͨ˿顣
졢ַӲſµٶȷӵ˼£ҪӲȥ
ߡֻһռ·̮㣬𵴣漴һֻմӡֱˡ
Щʥôôռ䱾Դռ̮ˣ⻹ôս
˷֣ǰռΪ̮ˣô壬޷ȥģЩʥûоȫ㡣
ƴˡޱƣһ˳һȥǳӡǰץ˳ȥʱǰһʥɫ¶һĨȤ֮⣬ǳӡĹƺܲ
ûá
ȥֻһռңǳӡռı˷λһĻֱ֮УǶԱԴ֮Ĳ࣬ڣӡֱץԷĿռԷù
ַҲ˳ȥˣĸλȥǲţԷܹˡ
ȥһֻ޴İƳַ˹ȥֺصѹһС
ַٶȲûͣ£ڼӿ죬쵽˼ĵز
һʱǰٶȱ仺漴ַһɱ¡һ죬ؾֱӱ飬ַ˲Ϣ˹ȥһڼӿ죬ϧһУҪȥ
˼ʥ¶һĨȤɫȻֱܹǿƿĹֻͬһ㵲ַǰ
ַȻ³һ̼˷·뵽þ棬ȻֻһɲǼ䣬ƿΣȻȴо쫷ХַѾ߳˹ȥ
һʥ漴ַǰ棬һʥﲹλ赲ַ㡣
ǰֻʣʥͻܹȥˡַĿⶢŶԷ֮У޾ڻ۶
߲ġһ̼䣬ַһƬռУãԷóҲǻãַɫȻѿõ̫ˡ


2400 Ŀ
ַԻνǳ˽⣬ԼںҲлֻĻԼ֮ɣû֮Դûа취ͶԷһֱûʥ˲Ϣþ֮С
þûֱӹϱþ֣ӵбסĻɱ֮ͨġ
ַֻϥȻһ⻯֣ͬʱϣԺеĲһ·㣬Ӱ֣ɽ
ţʱַüͷһ壬оĿ΢ʹʱ·ƺڣƺո̤ƺѪΧƺڣ뷢¾š
ַվǣʹࡣ
ַ㿴Ϲս
ϡ
ɪɪַоʪ͸ˣ䡣
ãѩ¹Χĸĸһսˡ
ַŭһᣬĵ䣬ģʹʹ
ħַҧҧҪֻǻлãħص˹ȥʹʱֱ̣־ģЩĻ䡣
ҪȥַվǣһӰɱо˿ԼСνɱˣҲֻþУܱɱһҪȥ
Ϊ֮壬Գ磬֮һԴɾСʥþңؿơַ֮ȥǲƵһܹ
ˣȻ䣬ַصǻþ֮Уħϣ֮졣
ޡһֻʱַȻҵһȱڳ˳ȥֻʱһõǰĿ죬ַһۣҲΪ㣬ȥɡ
˵գÿΪַ·
ţַ¶һĨ֮ɫԷȻΪ·
лַһʥƿػһóħǿͨСʥҪֱ޷԰ΣʥΪޣǸܲǿ
һʥַۣ㣬漴Цˣ㣬һȥûôס
Ŀ͸һɷַһַǳΣյĸо
ˣַû˵ֱӳŶԷ˹ȥʹǺʥ£˵ȤλãҪͨķأô
㴳ȥġֻĮһЦʱͫȻֲĺڰг֣ԽԽ󣬷·ҪַûȥƬأ˺ڰա
ַɫ£Ȼɳǰ˺ڰ棬ɫ侲˼㡣
ˣһַ̣ٶȲûм졢̫ˣ·ҪͶ
Ȼ֣ؽΪףӿַ֣֮ˣͬһ㣬˿֮٣ףҲΪס
͡͡˺飬ַĽҪУȻ䣬Ѫӿ֣һŭ𴫳
󵨡ŭĺգַĽ˺һУǰһƬһ·ûκεַֹͣ˲˹ȥǺӵһˣ¡
ˣɵ࣬ǿ˵ʥǺŭһֻ۾Ѫ˿˿Ķַ㡣
ַЦ£ˣΣǿ飬ڣѾͨˡ
ʹ졣ֻԶ˻ص˸ղŵԭأַ㴳ȥˣɵôЦľ磬ҶʱǴȥˣˡ
ãȵǰȥϣܹջϡַžҵ˵漴ת̤·ûоͷǿչ·ȥ
ַһ·ǰУļǿչ·һǰ·һͨ
ˣѵĴ󾳽ǿ߻ֻͨͨǰĿ飬ܶ˵أַɫ£漴ǰȥǳŵҶǳڻͬһ޾ǿհ㣬ãַڿӰ
˱ȵˡַĿ£ֻǰѾкüӰ⼸ȴԹԵվǣǵǰһͷޣһͷţ
ַͷ΢Щľţͷµǿվô
ֻǰӰعͷַɨһֻۣһַۣҲĸоÿֲ
⼸˲֪ʲô磬ҲǴɵʥɡַаҵɽûе
˸Сһֻһ˿˵ƺžʱ⣬С֮ߵ൱ˡ
ȷЩ¡һ˵
ַȺǰĿǰţҲַ㣬ڵϲܹ㿴Ĵ𣿡
ַ˵ͷͷţ棬ȷһյĴ֪ʲô
һؿ飬ͨܹˡţַ
ǰ棬ʲôַʵ
㲻Ķţ˵Ϊƽ
СһĸĹоŴңǴ֮ǵΪ磬Ӧܹĵַԣһϯõۣƽ˵
Ŵеĸʥ۷ǿߡַɫ£Ĵڣ赲
ӦҲµˣûҲһҪͨ飬棬ǣûгɹ˵ʲô˶ַЦ£ʹַͷ˵ʥѾվʥ֮ˣ׷֮ԣ֮֮
֮ǰģֻƿˡ
˵ҪϵԴ֮ԲƿֱԴһҪںϣǳΪʥĻǰ𣿡ַʵ
Ȼûô򵥣ܶˣƿִ֡ԲıԴǾһϵףǣûгΪʥЦ£ʹַͷ鴤£ƺףΣ֮˵Ĳжôֲ
ɵʥҪƿһϵԲԴƿϵϵ㻹ǴʥƿıԴںϣʥ硢ˮͻ𣡡
ˣлǰַָ̡˵ͷƺҲǰĸʵжǿˡ


2401 ͸Ŀ
ַĿ⿴ǰţʵǰһֵĿ飬ʲô
ƨ飬һţԼ趨Ŀ飬ͲַͨԵǿ߶ǰ
ԼܣҪƵȥǰһֿȷ裬ȻһֿµģҲԸģͨȥţ䵭ĵ
ѣһ𣿡ǿ߿Եˣ˸ǿȻֻţһǸӲĻÿǷܵ𡣡
ҾͲţһͷţܶԸĸٶȵʹַͷĨ˰ѺԹԣƢȻܱȵģͨ飬ȻҪӲȥϸַҲ⣬ʲôڣʥվʥĶ㣬ǻϹ׷ƿ֮磬ǰһţǣͨ飬⼸ûƢ
˵ˣԡţʼôƽ·һжƿ֮УƵ̬üЩûգţжǿǶ֪
Сӣܲͨ飬ˣҲǣҲûָţɨַһۣڵ
ǿ飬ͨôַԵֵַԽ棬⿼鵽ʲô
˶꣬ûܹȥţһ̾ϢƺΣ·Ҳڴܹ߹ȥĴ
ӹżǳ˺üΣǣûˣܹͨĿ顣
ǰ԰ɡַ㿪ڵҵʵ϶缸λ𣬿ѶȣӦҲͬɡ
ˣ֮ǲͬնߵ⣬ΪĿ鲻ʵͬˣһͬʣ㵽ǰ
áַͷŲߵţǰ
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ڿʼ˵һ˵߶ˣζûͨ顣ţڵʹַɫһ˵ѡôͨ飿
ţҲ˵ˣôվַǰַ㣬ַһҲ˵
һʱʱַüͷ΢΢ţţڶš
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Ȼô룬ַɼţһ졢죬ţ۾ûвһ£ַԽԽˡ
ġ̫ˡĸҲܹ飬ַһ˵ǣ̲ס
ԷĸõģһûжҲû˵̲סˣʲô𣿡Ǵ֮ұߵһߣҡҡͷͷޱ͸
͸Ͷˣ⿼ǹƨСӣҲˣҿͷţˣء
ַûᣬɲǿչ·񼣣ţȻػڴ˵أ˵ǿ飬ַ⿼ģֻǣûв͸
תۼ䣬һ¹ȥʹĴ¶һĨɫ
䣬СһһοɶֵĸءǴ֮𿪿ڵĿ⿴һ۳۵Ӱ޳Ŀ𪣬һֱվƽĿַ㡣
һҲҲɡ䵭ĮĻһ
СһֶܼãȤĺܡֻһЦеڵϣôַ㡣
Ϲ㿴˵ʱȤ
ǵ̸ַ㶼ڶУڣַεĿЦ£漴ţǰʧܣǰ⿼飬ôôţ˵ҡ
ַ㲻֪ô˵ȥˣǣǿ飿
ԼˣʱԼܿ飬һˡͬʱСţ˵ʹַЦ£վߵλԱߣλǰʲô뷨
ʲô뷨ûС̯̯֡
ң⿼飬ҿǱϹҡҡͷǵվǣĿ˸ƺ˼Ҳ
ԷȽϺãǵüʮĿɽϴһǰ꣬ҲûôܹĻšԶˣ⣬⿼飬ס
ҪսʹʹսһǰĿһƫƫҲϹҲˣˣַ㣬ֻλĴȻǺһڿʱͻƵģ֮ǰǰ澭Ŀ鶨Ȼַǲͬġ
˵ǼɴһǴֿˣƺЩĸҲĻˣҲͦȤַеָ߸ϵǿȫͬƶǳƽͣûа̬߰·ͨһҲһеľɣǣǾ󳹴򣬲ܹߵһ
ȥսɣһ֧ģѹ󡣡Ϲ˴һۡ
һ
ͬʱܿ飬˭áͻȻ
ý飬Ҳָܼã֮ҿ϶ƼһֵľáϹŴ
ôǾҪˡһļϣ漴ϥţǰֻţһΪ壬ţÿһţһǰ档
СϷмƲƲ졣
֪ĴںʲôԴַ㰵뵽ʥҪϵԴҪǳıԴ֮ںϲС
ʼɡţ˵鿪ʼ˵ʱεĹȥЩ˶ǷǷַ⣬Ĵǻ˳ʮϹǶʱںǣġ
һ꣬תۼţһգַֻһСһ϶ֲס˰ɣҪˡ
ַɫ£漴ֻǰţ£Ŵʧܡ
ƺû˵ҲûжɣƵ
ߡţһɨַ㣺ղŶ˵ʲô
£аҵĴ֪ֿ飬⿼İأģ֪ץס
ȻſʵԣǣԸţʧܣһ㶼͸̫ˣһֱţˣǣȻЩʵ֪
ζĿʮ֮ãַǻû򵽣֮ǰľʱ⣬ַѾʮ꣬ʮȻ˷츲صı仯仯ַսӦͥ½磬ڶ


2402 
һУһӰϥ˱Ŀ֮һУƶްϵ
˿̣һƹڣֻһλӺݻ͸żʢ˵ĸ߰ĿĮַ㣬ıʱӽĹ
ַ֪⻯ţĻӦ
ǲ֪ıѾˡĶַ㣺񣬾̫̫ħ߱ңĹҲպϣı𣬿Ҳ˵ɡŮ˵
ҵı䣬һԣ㲻ַĮ˵
ַ㣬Ĭ£漴ͻȻЦˣַ㣬òʶôΪ㣬սʮ꣬ͥͨ½ͨΪŵһս׵ıͥ½ƺڣΪҲĵϸŶ𣬺ʥսѧԺ̨λʦֱΪľʣֵܺڶ࣬аĪϧԼֵ츳ѣ⻹̨ѡ
ַĻȻ䱬Ŀĺâɱ
ߣŭˣ벽ʥ֮磬ƾʥԸҶҲʸڱʥǰŭǸ㣬Ҫǣ練ơв漴һ䣬ȥ
ֶԸκһˣһĺܲҡַв
ҶаʧһҲùʧӰַĿâʮˣǿչ·Уʮı仯̫ˣȻպ콻ڴˣȻ֪֮һЩ
ͻսңѩҲս֣ͨһԸΪԹ۵ȴʱ򣬱ѩˣ˲죬ŽΪʱˣҲս֣ھͥŵΧһǿߡ
һս춯أŵطžͥ½ͨҲΪһսˣͥ½սͥһֱս½棬Ϳ̿˲֪ǿߣشǿħ춼Χߡ
Χͥľ⳹ױƣΪά־棬ȻʱˣԽԽ뵽ս֮УͬϹʱĩһӭһҡ
ʱ򣬴дԤԣǧС𣬾ǰδеĽѣǿ߳Ⱥ¹
ѡ󶯵ֹܿܳʱս֣ܶ壬оεΣ
һУĹеַȫ⣬˿̵ֻһ뷨ͨ飬Ŀ顣
Ȼʮʱ⣬ǰһοʼˣû˵һ仰йһĶԴţǣһûоͷĿ㣬ԶԶ㿴ϣˡ
ʱҶԲʲôǣ˷ʱ䡣
ڣƺﲻˣǰţ
ʧˡţıһۣ·ʧܣ㡣
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һˣɫһˣоԼˣʱ䣬ûаô
ǣ𣬾ʣһˣǳȥҪĹУҲڡƵĵʥĹҲûʥʵȫɱǵĹѫҲܻ۵˹ѫްͲýĹͲʥܹġ
ΨһĻᣬͨţĿ顣
һôȥһ꣬Ҳı䲻ʲôϹҲˣ˵Ҳˣ飬ʧˣܣ߲Ĺͨ飬ЩִܸС
뵽⣬Ϲһ̾Ϣ
̾ˣĸٻߵһֱӱˣУСһ⣬ûܹѾˡƺĿȰһ
Էûٹһֵ꣬ñ꣬һ֪ҵЩͽͽôˣҲǺܶ˶ʥɡϹ˵
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࣬Ҷˡַ³һ漴ϣһǰţ۾漴ùԲ
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ַһָʱ͵Ȼȴš
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ţҵ˶ˡˣڣҵȵˡֻţЦһ˷ܵĶַ㡣
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סַ˵ͷ̫ˣ֣һ£


2403 ʱ
ࡢ㡣˵ĶԻ૵ҵ׷ϵľ磬ܹ֮첻飬ǵĴڣ±һ㣬㣬ˣ㣬Զûа취֮磬ţ֣Ҫǵİɡ
λԵĻɫ£ǽԷ޶֮ˣ෴ܹʥ֮ǵ츳ǳģȻܹԵĻǵһţ
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ţ֣֮ǰе˷ָ㣬лˡһЦţ
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Сһʵ֪컻أգҲ飬ҲöʡЦ£ʹַɫһǰʶã
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ַ㣬ȥɡţλÿַɫ£ǰĹŵ棬ʲô
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ţ֣ܲͨͨڡƽһЦţ
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ַ㿴ˣ漴ֵλϸ磬ȥˡ
ȥɣͷţ̫ˡƽƵĵ漴ַ㳯ǰ̤ȥǿչŵ֮УȻ䣬һǳǿչ·ĸλȥγ˼ŵӹŵ˸Ĺ⻪ҫ
ˣڿ˳Щŵ뿪Ĺ뿪ߣᱻͻԭĹ֮Уʱ䣬Լֻһǿգһ̣˶ֹͣ˶һŵ뿪ô
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ƽҼǵҡϹԾ½ӵʮľ԰ɡԿʵеһ·оϤͨ·
䣬ƺԱĵطϹͷǼ˶䡣
ǾˣЩսܶأҲʶһĹ飬ǶǵһĲ²𣿡俴ˣ񣬰֣²⣬ӦÿԸӵˡ
鴴磬Ȼһ磬ÿǿ¶дԼ磬Щ໥գͬСһ룬ԵӦǹͨģֻǲ֪ȱƽ˵
ңǵĽ̸磬ȻܻΪƵ磬Ҳ嫣Ҳ磬ڵ磬Ѿվ۷壬ΣҾǰɡ俪˵ʹüɫ£Ըһȥ
˵ͷ
ãȥӲįȥ¶Ǹˣߡֻƽ𣬳žŵȥ
ߣһӰ̤ա
ǣôȵǼ棬мڿն𣬾ˡ
Ƕȥƽʵ
ԣȥ
ȥܹоʱˡƽС˵漴Ǽһ̤˾ŵ漴Ӱʧ
ǵǿգ˶ܶͷţǸ磬ôǣҲȥͷȥһ𿴿Ǵʱ
ǵľ磬صԼ磬Ҳû̫ˣڴ̨ȥ


2404 
ǳŵַ䲽УȴɿԿһĻĻԼب޾ǿյһ⻪·
ţҲˣַԡ
ǰһ·⻪ҪͨͬɡַƺҲʶˣ½ΨһĴ硣
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ȻǵãӦûһصĿ޷ͻΧַ㿪ڵǰôͻȻ˾塣
ǰ߹˺ܶС磬ҲһЩС磬Ǿ壬ȷ˵ĺᣬȻһ巢չƺоɽʵڡţһ
Ǿ磬Уʲôλַ㿪ʵľ˭˴졣
ˣǵھ硣ţ˵漴ַȥɣʮ֮ڵʱ⣬ͨп㵹Ǻܵʱ£Ҫ֪ĸϼһ벻ϧһкء
ַɫ£ڵλϸ粻ûж𣿡
̫ˡţĮĵΪ־ôӦǿɶʥ̶ֳôΪҼ仰ȴֻǰж̽ûЧִ棬˰ŷ
ַɫ£û뵽ڰУλϸ羹Ȼ֣ȴ㲻֪Ϊûв
ȷţ˵ʥôӦġ
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ַ˳ǿչŵǰȥһţ֮ǰһ񣬵ϵûоԵ֮⡢ûо֮Ψƽ
ַ㣬֮ϣԻ顣ţߵַǰַ㿪˵
ַ΢΢ͷ漴ϥϣĿ⿴ǰ̼䣬һַϣ֣һַ֮
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ַа鴤ţţϼһˣȻСţСţԼɶˣ
֪һģȻעһҲ黳񣬼ȻҵҵĴߣԺͺúý̵ɡƮٶȴ漴Ӱϵַ㣬溬΢Ц
ҵĴߣҲ֪ʲô硢Ҳ֪츳ΣȻߵѾܹ֤ܶˣ㹻ˣ֮ǰȻѾӵ˷ǳʵʵϣ㲻Ҫ̫ǿĻ׿ǰӶҵҶԲҲǿ㣬ϾʥʺԼģõġ
ӰʼպЦȻ˿ַȴڻɣӰֻµһδӰ񣬸ʵģĻԷô֪ܲԼľ硣
ǹؼ棬ʹӰ֣Ŀ⿴ַа
ǳҲΪǳ磬ҵ磬ʮǧǳ½ǳУʥʥЩԺ󶼻ģµʥܶ඼οһЩûбԴԣʥԼƿصıԴӳǿʥҲ̫ǵһЩԼϵĵط㶼ԽȥЩСţ㣬ԺԼȥ̽
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ַ΢£ʲôƺĴ֮Щƣңǳǿ֮ǿ֮䣬ϵ
˵飬ʼ档
⻪ҫǵӰȼǿաǳ
ˡţӺݺݵĲţǰ̤˼ˣżˣĵȴֻ꼻һôֽҪ뿪
СţҪ˱ǵãúý̵ԸҵָԸҲǿ󡣡
һϵʹţɫһϵĵͷ֪ˡ
ǳַԺ֮УʥֱӹעУǿżصأѵ侫裬ǲģԹżڼǣֱӴС
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ַҧţԺϵܵȻɳ̫ǿˣƺһַʧȥʶ˻ԵУͬʱǳʮǧǳ·𶼻۹âַϣǹ⣬֣ԡС
ţʧӰַ㣬ã̾ϢһСһˣݺζԵ˵ĴУ


2405 
ַ㣬˳˯УȻȴоڤڤ֮У˯ȴҲС
ⳡУǳ·Թͨؼǳһǹ£ϣǳ֮⣬·һǶǵƮδ֪֮
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Ƭ޾ǿ֮УԽԽ٣Ⱥ뿪ˣǰ˸½ģǰ
ˣϦ֮ͻأǿߣЩǿıǵ۾ʥۣӴÿ£طھͥ޷ۣǱǰ½棬ĴɢȻʥҲ⣬ĹĻۣҲ̫ʥǿߡ
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Уڣַ⻯ɱڴˣһˣĿ񶾵Ķַ㣬εͷš
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ַԼ֮ϣȻʱȴûǳڣǣһƬҰ֮أ֮ƲƮַĿ£
ҴĹǾ½磬Ĺظ˱òΨȱǿ֮򣬶㣬ûˣǿ֮һУĹ޹ءֻһַĶУʹַĿ΢漴µţǡ
΢ַӰʧˣ˷·棬ǳУ֮ϣԣţ
ţǳ磿ַ
Ѿţǳ磬ѵûоôţʵʱַ˼Ƭ̣ȻоԼԺз·ණ΢ֱַʧԭأһ̣ĵطǾɱ
ţҲַԣַ֪ġ
ǳ˰ǳ磬ܹתƣţǰȻܸҡַΪ죬Ǿ޶ַ㣬Ŀ˸
ţʥСͨ˿飿ЩַʥϹ۾Ŀ䣬ַ㣬ǲơ
ӦúˡţĮʹɫ£ģⱰɵСӣȻͨµĿ飬õǳ硣
̫ˣµһУõ̳Скơʣ֪µǳ磬ǶôֲһʿζҪõֻǲܰˣ񣬱ַõ
ţַ㿴ŶԷƺоԷеĲͷָоЩģʵ
ôַоԼͷһƬ·ܹ֮ж֮ˣָоء
ַҲûкͶԷƽʲôȻƿǳ磬ҲûбҪǰСһַٴʧһΣޣϢӵǿᣬֻĿ֮⳯ʱоԼƿ֮ڡ
ɾʥ𡣡ַɫ˲ʥ̫ˣϾʥô
ַһʧһΣûٿӰֻӰңΣ˷ֱڵɽۣ֮ĿϢƺоʲô㣬ַ㡣
ֻһˣ˫Ϊ죬·һְɫ·ƿµУһַۣоҪݵȥ
ÿµһ˫ַͫϣ񣬶˵ֻ֮ͫıϣ·ûпַ㡣
ġֻţַԣޡ
£ĵ˵ɱš
˵Ĵߣַ㡣ţ˿ڵȻˣûᡣ
˵ʵҺһ˰ɡĵ˵ƽޱȣţ漴ַ㴫ַ㣬ޣϾʥʮ㣬ҵĻҲӵģԼʵǣǲܻ᳼
סַ㰵ͷ˵⼸ͷʥǾСɵʥôɵʥҲˣõĴУȻϾʵ
߰ɡַ㿪˵漴ܿ죬ֳһǿչŵǰ
֮أ棬ܹ׵ЩҪ˵ǳԴ֮һȫ㡣ţģ·׸ַĲ
вʥǳԼ̲ʥǳЩǷ磬˵ķˡַһǳ磬ޱȾ޴һ⣬µĲƸεȵľ˿¡
ǳԴеĻַҲޣ֮ǳһбԴһֶشڣ
ܺ˵˵Ĺôַ㿪ʵ
Ĺ£Ҳ֪жٹ£־أ֪˶㵽һ磬ȻͽӴˡţҡҡͷַֿ㣺׼ȱչһô
綯һǳȥɡַ˵˾䣬ţ΢΢ͷҲã磬Ҳ㡣
ַ΢ʱӰʧٴγ磡


2406 Ϧ
ĶӾͥʼ½ľ½֮أȻҲڲ
½ϿգңԶ޾֮أ·һµУзתţ·һͨͨ½Լͥ
½һͨſ½һͨͨͬһطͥŵأһսŵصͨ𣬲ų־ŽУȻݴҪ۾ǿߣܹܵסͨĻͨϽ½磬۾֮µ˻ֱ
½еʥݣϵ֮ɴַ֮һʥսѧԺһԾΪ֮ĵһѧԺʢһʱĵżüãͬʱʥݵ̨Ҳǿ̨ǿƣ˺ܶ۾֪̾ôˣǰ۾֮˶ǼΪϡȱǴһҲм۾֡
Ͼ۾ҲҪкܾãҪ㹻츳̨·Ƴ棬̨ˣʥݷݴ½㣬˺ܶ
±仯Ī⣬սѧԺ̨֮˻ʹҲڱǿͬʱϷҲԽԽǿţʥϵķɽ˵ݶϣȡ÷澭ʥݵķſʼ׳ķʿƺҲ˼ֺսѪԡ
ʥݣӭһݵĶʱ棬ĴѧԺ׷׾С
Ȼһжǿһĳֶʳʳʱ䲻Ȼٶȴ£ȻǲԼǿߣձֻ࣬Զ̶̼ʱ⣬ʳһԾΪʥǿΨҶѹĴѧԺʥһУֻΪʳУӵУʥǿߡ
ǺʢǿʳһͳݣΪݷһͳʥʳϱ̬֮
Ȼˣ⼸ʮչʥҲո֣ʥݣͳһʳʥ
ʥھ½磬һЩʿڴ˵еģȻʥݳ˴˵вŴڵʥˣܲһͳ£ˣʳصʥǿƵ̬Ƕ¹ģʥΪġ
ҪʳȥǣֻҪһЩʱ䣬Լ˥κ֪ܶҲû˻˵ʲôϾʳƲɵĴѧԺҲֻˣҲӣԸѧԺӽʳУʥ¡
ϾĶңǱĳֶƽϢʥɰӿϣǿѹ
̨ʥݵУչҲһǿȻȴЩ壬Щ̨˶ʳ
ʱ̨棬һӰַ㷢Լ½֮󣬵һ뵽ı̨̤ʥݣ˵˲飬ипǧû뵽ʥݾҲ˴ı仯Žʮʱѡ
̨֮ԵЩ壬ַż򵥵ĳۣǰе֪ʦλʦֿ̨С
뵽ַһʱǿµ˲Ϣ̨˿ӱ˵أطû֮
ʦǶڣֻλʦ̨ǶȥϽȥˡַаֱӽһڣʦľԼʶڣ⣬мˣ䣬ƺʲô顣
СҲڣСҲ˴۾ˣ⵱ʦģûо񡣡ַоЩ
ڣֻľĿ⿴ҶڵС˴ʳٿʢ䣬ʥԶ룬ʾǵʵ»ǳΣգ㻹ǿˣϾСΨһĵӣС㲻ڣҲûܺúý̵㣬һжǿԼУǿɲϣʲôʧ
ʦ棬η壬ʦ鷱æ׷۷·⵱ӵôܸʦʳٿʢ䣬˶֪Ǻ⣬Ȼʥ޷Ҫ룬ĴѧԺڣСȥɡ
ҶŶľ΢΢Ƿ
ľʶһۣ漴˵ͷȻд⣬Ҳеˣֻ̫ǿǧҪǿ
סҶЦŻӦ
С͡ҶʦʦǶⴳĻЩôţʦǻ쵰ô겻Ҳ֪ûеʥʥøɵʳǲһ
ʥǿǴ˵еľ磬С츳ҿѾ˵۾۷壬ʥôסľЦ£Сһ߿ߣսǿȻһֱûãڣ̨ܱǡ
ˣҶɢ˰ɣվʢ䣬»ʳԼʥ棬Сȥú׼°ɣҲսѧԺǱ߹ͨ¡ʿ˵ʱ˵ͷɢȥȵǶȥ֮ʺľ̾Ϣһ
ϧԼܣζѹں󱲵ϡľҡͷ
һУַԺУַֻипڣʦֵܳȥⵣӶӸλʦ𣬵ǿˡ
գʥ䣬ҵҪȥַһƬ֮󣬵ϳһǿӰЩУϢ͸ſµ֮⣬ҲĿʮ㡣
ǣǰȥ̨£Ϊ̨ӣҪʲôӣ档ַż˿ڵ
ǡһ˷׷׵ͷ
ȥɣʱҪ˵ңԻסַ˵漴˸뿪һʱ䣬ûʦۣȥһŵ֮ڣҪͻأ˴ȻҪսľȣ


2407 ɱֹɱ
ľȣɽ֮ɭͬԴһѰã̤ľС
ȻľУ֮أȴڴǽ˷쳣
û뵽½澹ȻҲֺõط֪Ļ½˵أطռΪˡֻһӸŨķ¶һĨЦ⣬Ǿͥһͨ½ͨ飬ǵ˷õطǿǰЩռݣһ
̫ˣͥ޾½־ſ½ȻҲкܶ౦أѪһ巢һЦŻӦȷǳٶЩ󱲵УŴá
֮뵽ѪУ֪ΡֻһЦ£漴ֻһץʱץһ£ϣ͸һĨаЦ
ס֡ʱֻһŭֻһӰգĿĶǺ֮ѰãԸˣ˱ǿƣֺα̣
꿴еߣһ⣬Ѫɫҫ
ϼһƨʲôҲǰ˵ŮΪˮ飬ҪҪҽúʹһĿ֮ˣʹɫһû
ϡϡķŭޱȣȴѪһһȺʵǳµаޣӴӵʥǿߣľ֮ǿǰѹռݣΪѪһ֮أ˵ûжľȵˣȻľȵǿȴͬǵūһΪ
˿̣ľڣһλ֮ʱüͷ΢΢£Ƭأо쳣ɵð̾ϢһңĲ֮㣬ڴ˵صľȶûܹܵˡ
΢ַ˲Ϣգ֮ء
ƺоʲôػĿתַϣɫȻ¡
˿ַ㣬ˣո˷ǳ̵ӡΪǿ⣬ҲΪǿĻΪ
˼ҡַ㺰ʹɫٶһַϢͨΪƺΪ˼ңǰ
ô£ַʵ
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ңľҲ޷⣬ЩϽѪһǿߣǷǲǿѹ˵ؾΪУȫɱΪ˱ЩҲòίȫ˶ַ㴫Ӧ黹İɣ뿪ϣ͹ˡ
Ѫһ壿ַüͥ޾֪ж٣ʥǿҲѹľ޷ܡ
ˣȫʱһ֮Ȼ֮УÿռҲض
ļ֮̌ͷȫͬһȥַ㣬â˺÷ҲĿ£Сһδ̫ؿЩɡ
˵ز˾ߡ˶ַ㴫Ȼַǰ;ȻϾַʱ仹ݣܺѪһ忹ġ
ôַֻĿɨַ㣬в
ַĮһۣһ̼䣬͵ֱڽɫĹ⻪ɢ·˲Ϣ˺ѳ޾ƬɲǼ䣬ɱ֮
˻ȺһĻһˣ÷Ȼʵǿ
Ҫôַһ̼䣬Ƭأ·𶼱һε֣·ֻҪַһͷƬضҪ֮ء
ˣԶŭХֻüǿĵ۾ﳯ̤ɫ䣬ַ㣬ɱͷš
ˡַعͷͫһɨǹļˣ漴ֻǻһȫ峯¿׹ȥ䡣
⡭ȺסˣҲסˣ۾һ˲䣬ɱ
ʮʱ⣬뾹˱仯ַи̾ɱϯգ·Ҫ硣
˼ң𣿡ַʵ˿ɴڴ֮״
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Ǻáɱַ΢Щȫƣ漴һң䡣
߿һĻ˵ţǿ꣬ѾɳȾأʲô磿
ʣ޷̶ֳȣаַܹζţַ㣬ǿǿľ磡
뵽˴ģȻ˿ֲĲΡ
𣿡ַָԶʵ
СӦһƺֱַһͷȫɱˣַʵ̫¡
ַ΢΢ͷ漴ֻƻӶʱһնȻһľ
ŵǰ黹ַ˵
֮ΪʱΪ꣬ѾΪˣһУĵһ񼣡Ѫһ壬ҲʥǿߣϴαһʥǰɨһУ˳߲֮ɱء
ֻѪɱɱֹɱˡַƽ˵ȻеİԵ֮⣬ȴͷѹֶԷд˳ɾ֮ͣţȷʵܼ
ҷ˼շľ黹ľҲһأ߰ɡַ㵭˵漴˳ԶȥһɱǿҵӰַ΢䣬ܹ
ܿ죬Ѫһ˱ַɾһľһǿ߻һ𣬿ַ㣬Ըӣʻǵ۾ǿߣڴǰǰСֵʸûС
ţǰһЩҪܷʥһʱգɱѪһˡ˿ֱַ̣ͷǿţ
ãķԼҲţӦһƬ֮Ƭգ˾ʥȻǾСɵʥ
䣡һǿϢַǱַ˵ʥ
ַ㵭ĿһۣЦ֪ǲһʱգлᣬһɡ
ʥͷ΢ɣ
˻棿ֻһʥ
Ѿˣ˵ĻȻΪ棬Ȼڴ֮ǰһõǵĵطַٶ˵漴ߣ˼ңǻӻ˵أұиˡ
˵գֻ˸ʱӰʧ˿Ȼ¶ţ


2408 ַ
յʥݣӰܶǿ߻۵һ
ʢ䣬ʳټʥһ֮һΪΡ
ԣʢ䣬ƺʥݵʢ䣬ȻȺȴףʳҪ£ʥ
ΪʥѾ˴ʢ䣬ֽ֮ܳˣлΪʥͽʥ˵ӣһɿ񳱣ϾܶҪʳЩʥݵĴҲˣлΪʥ˵ӣԸ˰ʳ
˿̣һ޴䳡֮أǿ޾ڱ淽򣬻ʳǿ߷ֽݶ߸ϣԸ̬֮ڣΨʳ棬Ϸ֮أһзɮˣɫ£ܹʳʶ֮ƣʥʥ֮أҲΨܹʳ࿹ˡ
ֲΧĸλУ˻ʹĴѧԺҪ˵ĴѧԺ˥˲٣Ͼĵ̣жЩǿɻڣʥǿһȺ
ʥ巴࣬ЩϵĹʥ壬Ȼֻʣ廹Щַ̣ѵĹʥ壬壬Ǻ𣬵λĴѧԺԺա
Щ̨֮£վŵˣǿʥݵֲоһ꣬û뵽̶̼ʮʱ⣬仯֮죬ĴѧԺʥݾǿҫޱȣڣĴѧԺƺҲֻΪġ
ĴѧԺ֮սѧԺ˴ﶼԵˣʱ̣Ǻ¶棬ȻԴӾңòƽǱ㶼صѧԺʱˣʳٰ˴ʢ䣬Ҳøӡ
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ľ˺ͰλһλãľˣԱߣ߱棬ַϵһЩ
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Ҳǣ̨ˣ֪ͨЩӡ߱Ц
ǸУԼ֮·Һαشǡľҡͷ棬ַϢ
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׷ɱ˿̣浭˵ʹľһ
档ľ¶ɻɫ
㻹֪ô׷ɱַ㣬˵ϧһдۣ¡浭˵ţʹľʸо΢Щţܽ
ǵ״ӣͬǺһÿһˣףַΣգβš
׶༪١ƽ
ˡ߱Щãַӻ¡
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һˣϣʧľƸо˶ԷҲ΢ЩãȻԷϾףλԼͬλãΪַ̫ҫۣЩ²
ǫ̂Ǽ״ӣĺ󱲣ܶ඼ѱôó죬ʵ
̨ӣвٵġľ䲻ϲҲЩƢȻ͸Ų졣
ĿԴҲֻЦ£ûжԣ߱ԣû뵽澹ΪһЩС¼ǹģЩСˣΪַ³ɼЩһҲǵ㲻죬ַʱ浹Ҳûбֳʲôƺֱˡ
ʱһȺĿϣʹɫ΢תֻһֱӴϣ䡣
һЩˣǣ̨ˣɫ£ʵľǺˣ
Ȼ̨֮ˡľĻһ䣬ʹɫһ漴Ца֡
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ַʥݵЩͬһΣһ䣬·һУ޷۾ʦľĶԻҲС
ôûмʦѵʱ̣ʦúġַ¶һĨЦ⣬漴Ų̤˲Ϣԭʧ
ľȻַ֪ѾˣǵʳĿ̨ȥֻһ۵ǿߵǽݶϣպգһ棬УȻм̨ӡ
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ʦĻ׶ŭһʹľһʦϤ
ľֻоԼ඼΢΢£漴Ȼת㿴һӰ΢Ц峺ɾһʵӵЦݣ˸о崺硣
䣡ľ嶼Ϊղڵַ㣬꣬Ȼǰ
ʣҲһת΢΢£ַ㣬ˡ
ַֻϵЦԽŨʦʲôô
ľʶ˿漴ľϣҲ¶˲õЦ⣬·һ˲˲ٰ㣬ĵӡ츳õĵӣˡ
ϡǵӾΪַ½𺳳ңÿοǶӰ񣬱оΪʦһ
ǼѪ֣Ӳ
ľʦ
߱Ҳ£漴Цַ㣬ôܻ£ⲻô
Ψ棬£ƺôÿ


2409 
ááľ齥ƽϢ漴ʷֿмλ˳С㣬
ַЦ£漴ߵľм£߱˵ͷλɻá
ӣܿҲˡ߱ЦһȥɾǼʮʱ⣬̫ˡ̫ˡ
ΪһЩ鵢ˣⲻջҴһʦ档ַЦŻӦ
Ǽ٣ʦûɡ߱΢ЦȻַľʵĸ鲻ܹȵģҲǼ侭Զɡ
С㣬Щɻãʶַ㿪ʵ
ЩۣҲûʲô⣬˲ǺúõôַЦʦЩǹ̨Ȼǳɡ
ַ㷢֣ľʣȷʵıȽѣ棬ûиʦõɫ˿֮浹Ҳ졣
סڴ˿̣һ漴ַֻһʮŮԱľߣЩĴ
ǡַɫ£漴ʦľһĨʡ
ַ㣬ҺµŮľַЦ
Һ㳣˵С㣬㻹ǵһμءľԴľĻַһâ漴¶һĨЦ⣬ʦȻŮˣϢַȻиˡ
ַ硣˫鶯Щĸ׾£ǳƯ
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϶ַСԴ漴ߣԱߵľʦô飬㶼֪ͨҡ
ҲѣҺ·㡣ľЦ
С𡣡ַΪƣˡ
ַһۣҶʮˣôַ㵱Сһ
ѵ㲻С𡣡ַգգ۾漴Ц
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ʥˣ߸ϣ˵еĴڣܹʥΪʦǽǺεȵҫ
ʢ֮λʾ翪ʼ漴λʡλʣ֮ǵ۾ڣɼλʲμʢ֮ˣ䳡ϣÿһҪ˲롣
˼˵ַĻԱߵʵʦʥ䣬̨ҲҪô
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ʳҪμӣĳȱûˣſԲһ̨ҲյʳʵӦ
ˡַ˵ͷ̨ʵΣ
΢΢ҡҡͷƺЩ⣬ַ뿪֮ʱ̨սѧԺʢһʱȻҡ˻ʹʳ֣ϷǿƣŽʼʧȥʳʥأ˸󾳽Ľܳͺյ̨ԼսѧԺһ̨мǳҫ۵ѱʳ£ą̊́
ѲΪģ̨ǿʢ֮ʱܹյȴһܹյƷˡַʵ
ҺľʦҲ̨һ״ˡ̾ϢЩ״ӣԶĽ
壬һ״ӣѾˡЦ
ˣңǻʿһ۱ַ㱧ŵЦ
С㣬Щˣ㰲ŵİɡͻȻʵַ˵ͷЩˣԲ۾ļս
ã٣һ̨Ҳ̫档ʿ˵
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Ѿȥ׼ˣҪˡָſ̨·ָȥǱ߻ҵȺУһ˳һλʾ֮ˣ̧߳ͷľ߿һۣĿԵЩء
ȣһսǿΪʤܣҪʶ꿪ڵ
ĵ˵ͷһ
ȡ˿ַ̣㿪ˣֻĿַ㣬ɫмɻ֮⣬ϵַ㣬Ŀȴ峺꣬ȴʺľм䣬С㣬Ȼ˵ĵλͬһ㡣
һսַжȻһ⻪ڼϣʹüĿ£ַʵǰղš
ȥɣս֮ʱȻףɡַЦ£ȶַ΢΢Ƿ漴Զȥ
С㣬ʲôʺһ
ΪһͻҲڶַ㿪˵ս̨Ǳߣսм֮ǿ⣬ǶеޣЩ츳ˣʥ¡
һս䳡սۣǳң˲꣬ȴֻʮܹ
СһʵӦܽǰʮַ㿴ǱߵսҲ΢΢ͷ̨սȻģϾ̨ڣһЩ̨ܳ
ЩˣԺ󶼿صַ㵭˵һ仰ҲպЩ˵˵Է޴仯գַս̨ս֮ˣȴվڿ̨֮Ϲۿս
ʱѧԺ̨֮ϣĿ̨⳯Ǳȥֻһͫ΢΢¡
ǲôעַ̨Ϣĳ֣Ҳûж˷֣Ȼ˿̣Ȼϳַ㡣
ַˡ˵˵ʱܱߵɫ˲ַ㣬ʥݸַ޴仯ļһô
ĻĿ̨⳯ȥʱһַˡ
ʥݶҽʳƽϢһͳ֪һǷֻ
ӦˣʳǱߣɶʥ򣬲پַ̨ʥˡ
Ҳԣʮˣ˿Ҳûˡ۷׷ףַ㣬µ߸ʥݵĸ֣


2410 ̺ʯ
ʥսܼң˵ңĽֳȶ˵ϯλʵΪ
ַԾ̬֮Щս·ҲԼ
ַ㣬оΣľַЦʵ
гʳϻʳ˲츳ãֻǣǵֶθǿ࣬ڷϣʵҲԡַƽĻӦһ
ַ磬ķô̧ͷַ㣬ʹַЦŵ
лַýңǸ׵ͽܣǾҵʦءգۣ͵͵Ŀľһۡ
Сһַڿɱˣ㣬϶ҽڷַʾʱڵкˣ˵ˡľЦŵ
ãҪѧʲôһַ̡΢ЦŵľŮͬŮһģȻԷƺַ磬ַԣСһȻᾡչ
˵ŶЦ˵
Ȼ
ַ㣬ڶսҪʼˣһ̨֣Ĳչʵһ㣬ͻΧѣҸ߹޷֣䡣˿̣ʿ˵ʱҲĿַϣǰлˡ
ղţַȫսҲȷôģܵһȻͻȻ˷סһ
أŬУǱַ΢Ц
лǰȻоõַʵǿ
ȥɼȣʦһսԺúùĦ¡Ҳż˵漴Ŀ⳯·ȥͬһ׼սλʾΪһսλʵĲΣӦþͬڵĻʰʵսɣʰ
Ϣȹ̣粻ַ㿴һۣڵ
ַ㣬а뿪ǰµĵӣ̣Ѿ˵ǿ֮СɣʵΪˣң֮˴Σлǰϯλʶַ˵
ֵҵСɣȷʵܿɹǸ֮ġַ˵ͷ
һûϣˣһĶӣȻ츳Ĵӣʳǿɶ̵û뵽ȴǸ࣬ڣ˵ֱӰʥ£һʱɫĮԶȥ
ţַɫ£Ѿƿ˫صҵСɣˣȻ֮˵츳ȷʵңλʦֻԽ̵ˣȻˡ
Ϊʯƿصĵͬ˫صģǷǳ˫صⰵܹ֮˿֮£ǶΪԼʺϵʦֻнäΪʣǽäעԼУָֻһҲδΪӣˣʯνǧ谮һ
˵ͬʱַѾҵ꣬ʳӪһ˸ԣвٵ۾£ȻûнԵãǣǿǸҰ֮ˡ
ѹʦˣ˻ãʦֵĳ谮ʦԼȴѱʳַаһ⣬ðݴˣҲΪˡ
ҰĵˣȻϣʳߵĸߡ
ʯαװǳǰʵʵ¶ˡƽ˵ֻʯĿ⳯һۣɫƽ漴ַֿ㣬ͫкһ⣬ޱȷ
ߡַһʱʯʹһɲֻоԼ·һͷɵ˰㣬һƺߣ۾ϡ
ˣʯĿٶ֮ʱͷ΢вٿַ㣬аţʵǿˣպֵʵҲ֪ʲôˣ˵ҲֻǸҺÿûңȻǸ֮߰ˣԸ̨ˣ߰
̡ʱַ̺ʱ̧ͷ濴ȥ
ַٶ˵̿ʺľһۣԷͷ漴һַߡ
ǰǣַ̿λ̨м䣬صλǷΪ
ĵչָҿҹַûлش̣Ƕڵ§Աߡ
ɫ˸漴΢΢ͷȻһַָ㼤ȥܿ죬Ĺٶȣ·ڱ졣
ַһâ̼䣬ֻоԼٶͬţ㣬ˣַָԶ
ǿĲ漴Էָһָ·ֻʣԴУĨ
šš̽ŲͣĺˣЩˤȥͷȫ亹ٿַ㣬ֻԷǣûж
ǿǿ𾪣һָ֪ʵĻõġ
ǰ̶ַָ̡㹪֪ǰ֮˲õ
ϸϸ򡣡ַ㵭˵̼䣬ֻоһʣ·Ҫ˯档
ֻһ֦ͻأ䳯ɱ֦ƺȻȴּ죬岻Ϻˣûãֱ֦ӻԴ
̺ޱȣղţоԼҪ˰㡣
Ȼš񰵲
֦ٶȳһΣȴǿ⾳̫ǿˡ
̣˺ܾã·һΰ㣬һΣܾá
ȵ̳ʱ򣬵ڶλʼսѾˣַ̿㣬Ĺӣлǰָ֮
ʦ塣ʶ̵
ʦ壿ɫ£̨״ӣ֪λ
ǿĪǡ̶ַ㣬лʦ塣
СӣҲЦ
ʵ벻λʦˡЦЦ
ˣȥսɡַٶȻ˻֣ʱй⻪ϣһսܹսʤʯ⵱ʦģн
̶Ȼƴһս
лɱ֮ؿ̵ַʹɫһľʶַ㣬ɣַ㣬ʯĵλǱѰ
޷ַ֮Ӧ˵ƵᣬʹΧ֮嶼ݺݵĲ£̸𵴣ַʦȻ˵еʵҲǳֲġ


2411 
ս̨һֵսλʾǿɣʳǿ֣߳䳡ΧһεԷǵײ̨ϡ
λʲսձƴĻǵ֪֮ղǷ򡣡ʿЩ䳡ˣεսѾǸ߼սˣǷʥݶǰλʣѾΪˡ
ʰʵĲΣƴģȷǵ֮򡣡߱Ҳһ
ġַŵĵ˵ͷ̽룬̵츳ȷʵܲǸ֮ģһζ꣬Ȼ̵ָʱ䲻̶ԣһΪ֮
ˣ̨ͬսֲϢĲţת˲䱬սֻʯվǣ˸ǣÿһεˣǶ໥֪һЩϸģַͬμӻʰʵʱ˵¼Լʵ֪һЩģʯʵܿ£Ȼǣڻʰһϯλ
˿ʯȴüĿ⳯ĳȥɫɵ£漴¶һĨЦ⣺̣ĪΪһս
ʯ̨һսȻɱ⡣Į
ôʯǹһĨм֮⣺ղָ֮һ˵м죬·ļ㵱ʲôˣָ㣬һս֪ʦǺˣЩʦǽ̵ҼΡ
ս֪ˡ̱˶û֣Ͼ̵ʵҲλʾ綥ģڻʰ֮ϯλʵǿͬǣǶˣûжֱΧ
˶Ծ̭սˣ̣սʤ
̨ϵַĿһ΢ЦԵ򿪿ڵ̣Ȼûʹÿֻ֮ƾ֮һ·ǰУ׼һսˡ
ǰϯλˣĶԾˣԾʰĵˡľҲܹעһսʯսʰڶˡ
׾սʤ˶֣ղֹٶȣÿ죬ǰˡʱʵ۾һ̣ɸ㶨˶֣ǵĿתһȴ΢΢£ֻʯֱһ⣬Ĩɱ˻ʰڶǿߣһþޡ
˿սäйַ֮㿴ʯһˣȴ̨صȴΪ棬ãΪ̨
̣һˣ㡣ʯָ֮ϣ漴ת̨ʷȥ¶һĨЦݣʯʣǽգʵңкʸΪ̨֮磬̨֮λøңҲһὫ̨󡣡
ˡŭһ֮ͽ֪ܡ
ǿΪ̵ܽң׷ǿʵʵҹݼôǣкʸ񡣡ʯҰĳͷţޱȡ
졣̱һգҶˣһˡ
ҳȫ㡣ʯнӰ˸һ磬ûɮ赲ĵ·̣գ̨
͡һɱҫգ̵˵۾޷
⡢⾳̻ȻԺ֮УΨиղξַָ֮֮
ֱЦʯ̱۾ɫ䣬˲Ϣǹ⡣
һ³Ƭգ·Ҫһ⣬ܹһС
ţʯĹ֮Ȼɵüͷ̵ĵƺˣΡ
ɱһʮڰϢգ޴ӡ
۾ɽգ⾳ͷŵ£ͬʱһĴ¡һ죬ճһӰͬ㣬ȶԷĽҪ죬˲ϢЩĺڰ֮
ͣʯһնֱ֮Ӱоȣƿعⰵ֮ɱϢֻһ֮䣬磬ȻһΣȻûɱ̡
Ȼ䣬ʯ嶼һ⣬ϢĳϿȥ
ߡ̴һƬռ䣬·ⰵܿĿǿ˳ԽԷĹܹ֮ˡ
ŭʯоƬնŻˣɫ𺳣ôܣֵѾС֮ķˣﵽ˴ɣ̣ôġ
ˣ̵ʧˣһָʯԴָ˹ȥһ̣·صУԭַһָһָƺûȻȴֳһУΨп죬쵽ֱӴա
ʯһĻɫˣĽ¿£ǹ֮ʱĹ֮·û˹ٶȣ̵Ĺ죬ˣڱȿ졣
ͣ
Ѫʯؿڱ̶
ұ̴һ¡¡ʯ·ҪըѣĽֱֶҲҪն̡
̿ԼʯĴһҪɱʯ
ʱ̶ֵʼˣʯܴԼҪɱ̣ȴĽһĻȻ˵Ԥƣⳡսû̫ѤײȻȴΪյģڴıƴ죬ʯܾ
ˡֻһ֮µֱѹ̵ϣʹһݵɲǣʯա
ս֮Уִ˴սɨһۣʵ츳ԸʳΪʥµӡ
ƨŭʳٰ˴ʢ䣬δ̫˰ɣоȻ֣ҲŲмʳ
ʳ䣬ʹͷ޲𵴣ǿƣʳܾ̾룬ʳɣǸʳɱǵĽڣֻʥܹʳ⣬˸ҿ⣬ûΨʵ
ȥɱַ㻰£̼һӰֱӳսȦֲʹǲɫ£Ȼת˺ȵʢҲҵҡ
ɱֻһŭȣʱǲио֮漴ֻһ쫷ŭХմ̶͵촫һƬѪ꣬ǲеͷ­ֿˣ۾ŵģ·𲻸һĻ㣬ɱˣңʳʢ֮ϡ
ˣסˣʥ֮⣬ˣôɱʳʢУʥˣҲôɣ


2412 ʥ
ͻѪɱ˶סˣȺĿ䳡ϿգֻӰڿգΪ׵Ӱһӵкɫǿߣ۾Ϊͬһ˾ͳ
һۣۣóղٶȣ̫ˣ˲ϢɱСȺͷݣۼģǳǿᡣ
Ǵֵ̨ģ̨ʲôʱ˴ˣֱӹȻԿʳⲻǷôܶˣ̨ʥݣвԭ˶ʶַģǿַľмʱɫ΢΢£ղ̫࣬ûע̨ûַ㣬һ̣ǵ΢΢¡
ˣѹˡаַڶǰ뿪ʥݵʱ˼ʥ壬ʲôǲģɱʳĲУҲ֮УȺַ֪㱳ҲվŹʥ
ַԽԽˣʳʥֶַ㣬㶦֮ôȺаַйʥսѧԺԼ̨֧ţԲ
ַ㡣ʱʥһɮ˿ַ㣬ɫ¶һĨЦ⣬ɮַϵãջʰʵ֮ʱ˿ǷǳҫۣϷ嶷սɮʮȥΪҲͻͽȻ̤ʥ֮Ϊһ˽ܣɳνǳ֮졣
ַ磬Ƕ㿴ַ㻳еʹַ¶һĨЦ⣬Ѳս̨ͷŷâעĿ֮£޷ľ
ʳֻһӰڿգɱϯ䳡Ͽ֮طȥ
Ҵ˴ʢ䣬ɱ⣬˭ңɱ˭ֻһ֮䴫ϯأʳٰʢϣ¡
ʳٰ˴ʢ䣬ȴѹ켺кΪʢ䣬ӹƽӴ˿𣬴˴ʢ䣬̨ƣʳֻ֡˿ַԣһӰڣ£ʱռžһƬš
⣬ղ֮սʯ̻δսϣһʤ֮սκ˲ٸšٶȻڣ·̨Ѿ˴˴ʢ䣬ʳ߳ˡ
ͬʱӰ˲Ϣ䳡ΧδֱӻɱʯǽʯΧУǼδɵս
ʳҪƿʢ䣬Ȼֱ̨˵ʢǽƣ˭˭ǿӲ
ʯɫ˲ˣû뵽Լܸ̣û뵽̨ôǿƶԿʳ
ʱʳĿ̨֮ϣһӰվ̼䣬Ӱ׷վĿƽɨǰƽУȴ̺һĨ֮⣬ˣ˷
ϣΪַ㣬սѧԺʥ˳˼ʥ壬ǿֻ˶վȺ괫ʱмüͷ΢ƽҴ˴ʢ֮ˣɱ⡣
ֻһӰ뻮һһˣϢȫ۾ǿڡ
Ҳͬʱ쫷䳡Ųֻ̋󷽣һȺӰֱӳ˳ȥһɲǣŵ䳡һƬţǹѹֵϢʳǿ߽Ųͣ
ţǳüͷţԷǺǶˡ
£νֱ˵ɡĿ⴩͸գֱַϡ
ǵʥ˳˵㣬ûʸ񡣡ַ㵭˵ʹɫһʥˣ˵
÷ļһ𾪣Īַ㣬ʥʵ
˲佫Լ뷨ƷȻ͸ַΪ̶̼֮ʮ꣬Ҳܵʥ۾ʥ۷徳ʥˣԲܣʥʱ½ʥ˵Ӱӣ֪У¶ЩϹţַŶ󣿼ʮѣôܵʥ
ַ̣ȻʥǿߣԼƿصϾ˶˵ַ˾һ֮󣬿ǳΪӣȻнʸʥˣԻ
ǳɫĮַ㣬ȻúԻûʸ
ӣҲûкʥ˶ԻʸɣңνţʱĿܡǳЦʹַɫ£Է֪Ĳ١
ӣַ㡣ʯɫ£ѹоЩˣԭˣַ㣬Ϊַ㿴ôͨôˣûϢûзâûеְϣˡ
ַ֪ʦôʯղǵʦָ㣬ŵڵͻƣʦǾţһӣԶֳɾͣҲ󲻵ʦжǿġ˵ַָ㣬Լоַж£⾳ڵҲѼǧ֮һоַֻҪһϸ񣬾Ϳɱκǿߡ
ʯɫӲȻַ֪㣬ʥ̫Ĵ˵ֻǼʱ䣬ͳΪ֮Ϊҫ۵ˣǰ°ַָ̣ܽ㣬ŶɲǼָ㣬սʤ
սɡַ㵭˵ûкͶԷʲô˽䳡׵ռݣϣǿϢŶ
ʳɫַ࣬㣬ˡ
ʯ̨գұ㡣ٶȱֲ֮ʯϣʯĿһⰵ֮ͬһնɱ£һǳµġ
̱۾ٶȸ⾳˸ղŵսĸǿˣֻҪץסַʦָоܹսʤɱԷ
Ƭռ䣬·𶼱һֵһ⡢һָо
һ֧񣬵ٶȿ쵽㣬Ҳܹ޼᲻ݣ̣Ĺ˼ξйϣһָȶԷĽҪ
͵촫ʯնĽ⾹Ȼһָ֮ˡ
ܡʯţ̵Ĺʵ޻ƽƽĹΪǿ̶ֳȡ
ֱָֻ͡Ӵ͸ʯüģ˳ֱһʯԴϣɱ
ΪʲôʯԺһͷʾһţʰһգʳٰʢ䣬â֮գΪΣΪĩա
ʥ˵ʯɱ
һΣ̨ˣʥ˵棬ܱ¡Ⱥаֻ˿̣֮УһǿʥˣʹȺ޲ʥˣҪô
ֻ֮ϣȻһӰһۣͨȻʳ֮޲ӭĿ¶֮ɫȻһʥ


2413 
ʥ˼գĿ̧𣬳ȥ֪ʥˣδ̨֮ˡ
ˣʥˡ˿̣֮˷׷ʥ˹ʾأǰʥˣֻڴ˵еĴڣ񣬳ǰ
Ǿʥǿô˵ۺʥ˵Ĳ࣬޿Խģһʥˣɱ۾ǿߣɾͿԴݻ١˵˵ʥڡ
ʳʥ֮ǰΨ˵ַıйʥڣĿʥ˳֡
ղţ̨֮ˣɱʥ˵ĵӡ
̶еʥˣ˵ǾǼٵģǹʥȻԸַ㣬ǴԻ͵ʦ壬һа취ܹӦġ
ַҲ̧ͷԷɫƽм⣬ʥˣȻСɵʥһĴڣȻʥݣһʳʵ˷ѽ⣬СʥҲַκεĲ
ʧ꣬û뵽ٴγ־½ʥݣҶԴ˴ʢȤʥ˿ַ㣬͵Ϊᶯŭ֮ʱȴЦ£ƽĶַ㿪ڵȻһ𺳣ȴ˿ȶԷֱɱַҪС
ʥˣַĳƺֱ֣
֣ΪֵܣȻܶĿ׳ƺҲ֣֣ͬ򵥵һ֣֤ʥˣַ㿴ͬȵĴڣ򲻻֡
ʥ˵ͬȴڣʲôڣ
˵˵ţʧ˼ʮַ㣬ĪǣҲ̤ʥôδЩ̫𺳣˼顣
ʥ֮ˣ̨ӣȻʱܻȻʳٰʢ䣬úõľٰ죬ҪΪѹ˵ʢ䣬Ҳʳֱʧַƽ˵ʹȺͷǲ£ÿ⣬ʳֱʧ
ʳʥݣңʥ֮û棬ȻʳǿʢĴѧԺû䣬ֺ֮ܶ£֮ԸʳδֱӴѹַ㵹ҲԸͶԷƽϣʥжһ׳δǺ£ȻʳҪѹˣȶԷǿƣͬղǰ㡣
Ȼˣֵ˼ʢ䣬ˣɸǿԼ棬ҵȽԲֻ֣ΪͣΣʥҲŭַƽ
ԡַ΢΢ͷȴЦƿһڤڤеʥ˿ǳȻȴܹоԷЦصɱһֱ·һԤ֪Ϊʥ˶ַ㣬û¶㲻֮⣬Ȼַȴֱ
ַţνԤԣпʵڵġ
¡ʥ˻˻֣̼䣬ʳȫˣַҲ΢΢ͷˣҲص󣬺嫵䳡˲Ϣֻʣ̡
̣˷ɱ̨棬λսһΪ̨¹ѫҴʥһ۾֮˲ɱ㣬Ȼʱ̣ýʥȵʵǿٴַƽ˵漴˻֣ʱһʥƮ䳡ǰʥƽն
ʥΧ֮ͷݺݵţʥǿ߲ܹлõıַ㣬־ʹ̣⡭
Ҳסˣʥ붼룬ʦ壬ֱӴ
Ÿʲô¡ľЦ˵ʹɫһ漴ʥӹ𣬵лʦ塣
аʦǳæµûʱ̵㣬ȻȵЩʱٴ㹦ַٶȿڣʹޱȼʦʱһʥô
ʳУмҲ̨ӣ˿ɫӲͷ˾޴ǸоԼ·ʲô㡣
Ϧ̨֮ӣ츳ΡʵΣҽԻʹַ͡ƽ˵ʹ̨ͷһϲȭͷգӼᶨԼյľ̨û뿪ַڣ̨ҪˣһУڲַͬ㣬ܹʥƽȶԻʳ
һʥַԲʲôȻϣ̨ǿʢܹиǿĹУ̨һʮһ״ӸȻϣ̨ã˴ʥݶҲû뵽̨ĲҲôھҪ˶̨Ĺ֮ˣرϣ硣
ַ磬Ҳ̨֮ˣʲôַ㣬鶯˸ͣ
ȥԼַЦŵ
ϡЦգգۡ
ˣõ۾֮˱ˡֻʥ˵˵ʱ۾ǿߣ׷䳡̨̨棬ֻһӰ̧֣ͷĿ⿴ַ㣬¶һĨõĴЦ⡣
ʦ𡣡ҶЦɸɾܸˣּʦ
СúŬҲĪҪǿעⰲȫַ΢Ц漴һӣ̼һҶȥɡ
һŬҶصĵͷ˿̵ûظĸо෴оǿѹѹԼϣԼʦǰζ޷ȡǸʦôаģһҪŬ
Сһ»ΪִַľĿǵĹâַ
֮İɡַƽ˵
ڴʱ֮ͥУһλվһʯ̨ǰǰżλǿߣʥڣǿߴӸٻĵ̣еǿߺ֮࣬󣬼Щƽѵһʥˣ٣ֻƽ㿴ǡ
ҵõϢַ㣬½½ʥݣ˽թվȻȴһҪģˣһֱĵطڳˣΣѡƽ˵ʥΪỨô˼ַϣΪϣַС
ңַ㱾ʵ㲻˵ǿҪС۷ʥսʤңһɱһ嶼ǾӢ˵ԼҲף˴Σ˭Ҵǰȥ½磬ɱַ㡣żλʥڵ⼸ˣڻУǾӢҲܹԦǿΪɵʥǿˣλǱѰҲûʸʲôˡ
һ壬Ҳкܶϵ⼸ˣһˡ
ǵԭҲףҲϣֱ˳ȥɱַ㣬Ϊұȷϵİȫϵǰ½Ļɲһϵɱַ㣬Ǵ͡
ȥɣһûǼңɱַ㣬ڻ¡ֿ˵ɫĮһ֮ˣΣַ
ãȻԸȥ֣¾ͽˡ¶һĨЦ⣬鷳ˡ
΢΢ͷǺ⣬ϣܽϣƽ


2414 ʥ
ַ㣬ڿ̨֮ϣЩ֮棬ҲѪ·Ҳվ䳡ս̨֮ϣ棬ͷԼĿ񣬼ഺѾȥ̫࣬ľ磬Ҳٻгս̨Ϻ˱ƴĳˡ
Ԥϵǰ㣬Сһƴĺܲҡľս̨սҶ̾Ϣһ
Сǿƻع飬СһҲԼʦӣŻôƴǿ֧ŲȥˡҲʼ˵Ȼ£ҶһػƺһѪҡҡ׹
ˣȥɡҶս֪֮Ҷ̨ˣҲҷϾղַع飬ǷǳǿƣҲòӡ
ˡҶɫǺܺÿֻ˸ص̨ߣַͷʦˡ
ַ΢Цŵľ¡
Ҷͷߵַǰҿַ㣬оղŵսַܶӡ
СһΪʦС£˵ôҸûúý̵㣬ҲַһӣʱһϢҶָ֣ƣܿ죬ҶоʣȻȴ̧ͷַʦô˵Լûá
Ͳˣǰ棬úÿ˵սҲԴȡЩѵַ΢ЦҶףַ治⣬Խˣ
սɼȻʱַͻأоʲô㣬̧ͷĿ⳯ȥɵ΢΢¡
Σڿҡַаһʮ֮ãڤڤ֮УѾܹоһȴʵڣͬղоʥ˲ôһһ̣оһΪǿҵΣڿΣҲǲܻ⡣
ҸоΣȻдɵʥˣɵʥһϵԴ֮ԲûʵܹˣҪǳеˡַ˲뷨Уϣģ¾ǼУԻΪ
ַͻȻ뵽ϵĸףᵽʥݡʥѣôʥˣǷʥݵһöӣڵȴԼ֣
ֿȫڵģһλСɵʥ½ʥݣ֮ǵ߸̨û䣬һԼ֪Ȼ
ȥ㸸ǡַŻеѾͷɵĵ˵ͷľǡ
ʦҵҪ뿪Ƭ̣ǲҪ˴ҡַľʴɫһ漴׷׵ͷӦá
漴ַ۾ϣĲӴһ΢Сǳ׹ȻһĨ⣬һ̣ǳ統УַӰˡ
ţǰַһӰֱʧһ̣ͷţǰ
ʲô£ţ̧ͷַ㡣
ţǰ»дɵʥԸңϣܹһЩַ㿪˵ʹţ˸£漴ַľ磬ɵʥȷԶԸȻҲ˵ҲģҪֿɵʥֻҪ˵Ǿɾʥɣκһ𣬶ˣ˵ͿԼˡ
һʥ͹ˡַɫ£ţĻţȻǾɵʥʵǳΡ
СʥʵַܹǿС۷壬ǾʥĳޣȻǿȻЩʥǶΪĽҪ˵ǰԼ֣ǲôס
ԡַ΢̼Ӱʧһ̳֮ʱǰһƬǳɢžɵʥ
λַ㿪˵ȻʥĿϢ·ǲַ֪Ĵڰ㡣
֪鲻ڣǱƬǳ磬вǶǳµˣʵǣȴܹƿǵǣַ㻺ڣڣҸһᣬǣ˭ԸҳһΣұһλᣬ̤ʥ֮ӵսҵĻᣬսʤңҾͷɡ
ˣַ㻰£ŵĿȻַȥ̼䣬ַֻоѹһɿֲϢ
˻棿ֻһʥڵַ̤ʥʹһս᣿ǻŰ
ţǰΪ֤ҼȻ̳ǳ磬Զšַ㵭˵
ȷҪôţַ㴫
ַ˵ͷʵţǰʥһʵ
㶼ˣȽʵһʥһΣȷʵҲ㹻ˣ㣬ˣ̤ʥʱģҲŰɱ㣬οܡţѵ
Ѿַ
ӴʥһԶʱڵĻƽԳѡһΡţ
лǰѡַ㰵ͷ漴ֻǾʥڵǴӦ㣬ΪһΣһŵĻᡣ
лλַЦ£漴Ŀ⿴ߴףͫ׾޴нɫ⻪תӰǰһΣ鷳ΪҳһΡ
ãֻһΡǻƽԳͬ⣬漴ֻ彥СȻַϢͨҳȥɡ
ַ˵ͷ漴һһ̣磬ַĿԵľɫ£Ϊַı󣬶ദһӰӰϢƽȴһɲĸо
С㣿ɻĿַ㡣
ʦʢսɡַ΢Ц£ʵĿ⿴䳡۾սǳңҲӽβ˴ʢ䣬ֻʣʥ۾ǿҪ֡
С㣬ʥ۾Ĳ棬ܶ¶ҪˡľĿ񣬶ǰ
̨˭𣿡ַ㿪ʵ
УһսѻӦ˻ᵽġľЦ£ʹַɫ΢ѣλѣ


2415 ʥ콵
ַ˵ɵʥƽԳҲڤڤеǹΣΣв̫ǿңȻܹģս
һսʥ߳һӰʹַɫ£һλˡ
գʰʵ֮ʱʯʯƷ壬ʥ¡
ʯƷμӴ˷սľʥ֮磬ѾǷǳǿˣվ˵۾۷һΣҪ֪Ǿ¾ش䣬ʥѾǺǿˣϾҲûй̫꣬ʰʵʯƷ壬ΪʥݶӦݵĻʰʵ֮ܳˣܹȡôɾֻͣ񣬿ȴԵòô۶ѣΪ˸츳׿һ֡
ʯƷ壬ջʰʵ㲻ңգɻ᲻ҡֻһʥһɮȻջʰʵǰսɮϷǿߣҲʥ۷壬ջʰʵͱʯƷ忿ǰ
ַ㣬ϧ㲻֪ʲôˣг֪Ρսɮ̨ʱȴǺܾʣǶѾôǿˣϧһǳʵĴʱ
սҲʧΪһȤַ΢Ц£ڴʱһַ㣬żһ֪ˣҲ֪ͨһ
ֻյУӹһ壬Ӵļһַ¶һĨЦ⣬ֳ̨ܴܲ·
ٺ٣սţ粻̨͸ź֮⣬漴䳡УûַҲһһεĵһ
ǱҪʵˡսɮսȻ
棬սѧԺս֮ʵΣַ߱
⼸һսǷǳ˵ģѾﵽΣܱҶǿսѧԺͳţУܹ⼸ˡ߱̾һսѧԺһЩڶʱڣҪôҪôʳˡ
ַ΢΢ͷǷѧԺģսѧԺڲҲҪ»ˣʵβԳ֣ΪѧԺ⣿
ɫһԵúΣҲû뵽ַַ֮һֱĬû˵Ȼ֮ǰı֣ȻҲַ㿴ˡ
ַԣЩۣŮˣʦֵܣǰ׷󣬵ʦ𣬷ǳ£ҪˣȻѧԺϾѧԺжֻ˶ѡ
ַ㣬ҲսѧԺӣΪѧԺҫ񲻸ãΣȻԼǳַô˵δЩַһ䡣
ңַ㿴Ŀ⣬漴¶һĨЦ⣬Ȼ䣬ֻоذ·޾УҪ
˵ңһĶĤУʹŭ𣺡Źҡ
Ȼһ̣ƬָֻһƬַֻɻǣЦſȴѻʪ͸ɫ԰ֽ·һĩգ˿̣Χ˶
ôˣַ㵭ȻУȴһƺ⣬ʹͷȻٿַ㣬ǿַôǿ
ʥһʥַ㣬̤ʥΣ࣬ͣղʥ˺ַƽȶԻɱһϣʥַݲˣȻ˿̣뷨׵Ļַ㣬ʥʥͬεĴڣôȥ䳡ս
棬֮ʱĪˡַ㵭˵漴ûٿ棬һУλ涼棬ȴȫųĬַʥ˶ƽ֮ղ飬ɴŭ棬Ȼ˳ȻϾַ˺սѧԺĹϵǷǳеģǲϣǵ̬ȣӰַսѧԺĸ顣
˿̣սѾһεսȫͬˣһһԾûȺսʥ۾Ⱥսֲ̫ˡ
ʯƷ徹ʯÿֲʯıԴӦҲڴرԴַ㿴ʯƷսһ̤ܶʥ֮󣬶ҪΪʥùڱԴʯڴرԴҪ͸رԴҪƿشرԴĺֵܶ⣬ʯȵȣڴء
սɮҲǿߵսһ࣬;ףҺͿڤһǷǳǿģ»ҪʤʯƷ塣
ַ㿴սϵսԹߵ̬ĺ͸ڣֵ̨Ҳַ΢Щȣ̨ǵ˱óһǾǱԽڣԽǿǱȫһֶص⣬̨ǳǿ
һֵսĽţķ˲ʱ⣬̫бϦ䳡ϣƴżֱ⾳
գ̨սʤʯƷ壬ǣܸ˶սɮսɮʵǿҸַһʶĸоսɮһˣڤ
սռսɮһ̨ڶʯƷ
ʡֻʥվƣڵˣ֮սֽܳߣÿһսϯλ֮ˣֻҪԸ⣬Կɰҵ£Ϊ֮ӡ
ʥ˻£˶Ϊ֮ĶȻֵĴսǰϯλˣ඼ʳʥ̨ˣǶ뿪ԼϾַ̨Ҳʳͬһˡ
ôԸ⣿ʥĿ̨򣬿Լ̨ǶˣԸ¡
ţȺɫ΢£ʥʲô˼ⲻǹȻ̨ôַ㣬Ƕء
ַȴδе֣ƺһжƽǣҪô
ʥˣ㣬Ҳ䵱ʦ𣿡̨ɨԷɫĮʥ˵Ļ̨
䣿ʥЦˣ֮ܣǿ֪ʥǿߣҲֲͬ磬ʥҲνİ벽ʥˣСʥʥʥʥݣհ벽ʥ˶ûһҪʥ죬ңСʥң䵱ʦ𣿡
Ⱥ΢΢һСʥһȻǸСʥʥĵڶΡ
ڸᣬǵңȻ̨ʲô⣬ǣ͵øˡʥ˵˵ʹ˶ľʥ˵˼ǣ̨Ḳ
˵
˵ʥЦ£ͻأ䣬ؼһɿֲѹ£Ƭ·ѹ֮£ˣҪϢҪ룬̧ͷ漴Ǳ㿴֮ϣһӰվ̤ͬ飬ÿһˣǳµĴڡ
ʥˣȫʥˡ˵ģǶԣһ֧֮ϵˡ


2416 
ʥݵ˶ԣͻأһȺʥǿߣ𺳵ģ඼˵ţЩеӰһ߸ϡ
ַ㣡ֻһͬ㣬ȺĤڶ
ַ㣬ַģղʥ˵ĻѾڰʾˡȺͷȻȺǿߣ߲ƣſµɱ
ַ㣬׼ӡľɫѿȻ֪ЩʲôΪ磬ȴܹܵǵǿ£һȺܴڣǣҪԸַ㡣
˿ַ̣ȴ̧ͷգɫƽû̫ĲΪ׵˵֮ˣֶ֣ΣڶԸԼ½뿪⻯뵽˻֮С
һɵʥСʥ벽ʥˣݣ濴ҡַаΪ˾ʥаһɾʥѾǳԶˣң½֮ʥݣǵõϢҲڶʱˣƺֻ׸Ȼ²뵽Ĺ֮õĴУӵǿ硣
漴ַĿתʥϣʵǻ֮ô
ַ㣬Ҳ㣬Ҳǻ֮ˣֻǰڴ˵ؿ̨ϢҲʥݷչҲʥҲ֮أͶҲٵȴˡʥƽ˵ʹΧ֮лȻʵĸоԭˣȻǿߣҪַ㡣
߸ϵƿߣҪԸַ㣬ַ㣬ʲô飿
ĿյһʥǿߣȺи˼־ηǣʥˣң
Ͻ֮⣬Ҷ˼̡˳պգַɨǣЦĪǸ߸ϵ׼½ͨ˳ֲɣ
Ҫıˡ䡣
ôַǹһĨЦ漴ֻ˻֣ʦǺˡ
С㡣ľʵɫһַ㣬Ҫô
˰ɣַܽƽ˵ʹľɫһ漴Ƿ׷׵ͷ峯ȥַֻ˵ɱңδǲκһλѣҶ֮ء
ȻôǵȻȫ㡣ֻʥһſϢ£Ⱥ·һƬѹ¿գֻҪԷɱ֣˶Ҫɱɾ
ҵҪɱҡַ̧ͷֶӡ
ˡһ̤Գ֣ΪʥԸַ㣬һӣ֮ԴΪ˱һЩⷢȻĿԣǲڵġ
һᴩգһʸ㣬񷶼ֱȼַµĴѾѣ𺣣Է˻ûе
꣡촫ַֻһֱվǵӰڶˣͻأӴתŻƽ⻪ͬŰȻ䣬ֻſڣŭһ¡¡Ŀֲϯأըѣ𺣱Ⱥַֻ󷽳һߴＸʮɵӴƽԳӰ̫ͬŵ𣬳Х֮䣬һҪըѡ
ֵٶȺεȵĿ죬ֻһɲĹѾַǰʱͬʱһ޴İƳ˹ָɽ
ͻһĻˣַ󣬾Ȼһ˿µĴػǣ˿䳡Լ̨ѾѵΧԲ֮صһн飬ܶʵǿֱӱ걻ǳܲסһನ
ʥ˳֣ͬĩա
͡µײ̶ֵֻ֮屬ˣȻȴһֻƽֳץȥ
ºˣһֵ֮³оһɳµϣǧ򱶵оƶ
ûǻƽɳǰץȥΡ
ǿ¿յ̧ͷһĻޱ𺳣ôܻ˵ǿݵһɲǼѾգһޱӴĻƽԳӰ޴һҪöԷĲݡ
ֻȼԲĻ汾Դ֮ƬΪ˻𺣣ޱȡ
𡣡Ϸ·̫ӰǾ޴ƺ˹ȥռ䶼ڷıը赲ǰĶҪ
ˣƽԳ޴һץ̼·һɲǼʧֵ壬Ǿ޴ץȥ
δãлƽԳӴӰԴ¿յַ㣬ʵ
˿ַ̣Ҳ˵ţѹţʥţȷʵǿǿ󵽳󣬶ңƽԳƿ˺üֵıԴԲˣڼϵԴԲĿ´ʥ
ַһ³Ҫ΢΢ͷ漴޴ȻһۣǱ첻ϣ漴ֻյԼǰԴǰȻһ
֮У־漴ǵٶƽԳĴſ֮ʱռֻһɿµĻϢֵӰѾ׵ʧ
Բǧ֮ص˿еӴӰǿµʥôŲһ̤ܲʥ۰ɣŭܻһǣ̫ˣǴݻص
ǿҲˣַ㣬Ȼôǿʥ֣ɵʥһɲǼ䣬ɱ
ʥ˵ڲ̨սѧԺ˵ģڲ
˿̣ӴӰʧƽԳ׸ߣְվַıʹȺַ㷢ǻƽԳ
ַʥۣҪɱ
󣬾վһλܹݻصĳʥַһ֣һλĿ´ڵ䡣


2417 ʥַ
ռžһƬһ̣Ѿûڹ䳡ս֡
֮վŵĻǿߣĿַĻƽԳڴ˿̣ûܹƽľ̫ˣֵʵģɵʥжǿΪʥˣȻҲ˽⣬һϵԴԲɴɣȻȴֻһ
һֱ䡣
ȥŮˣҺˣȻ㣬ҪߵˣΪʬַĮ³һʹûʥɫѿַ㣬ǹǵݺεǿ󣬱ǱҪɱַģȻ˭Ҳû뵽ᷢ£񣬴ʥ䣬ַ㱳ǵȿµĴڣǻɱַ㣿ҡ
ߣһ漴ֻȻת֮ȥת˲һӰʧӰ٣ʱ磬ȥʱȴͬɥ֮Ȯ
ĵĲδֺ̫ˣЩǿʱε𺳣ͬ㣬ʥݣȻֻǶݵɲǼ䣬ǿĴ䣬ɱַˣֱַԣǹ
Ŀת˶ַ㣬ݵļʮУַ㵽׾ʲô仯̫֮ˣվһµĴڡ
ʥˡʱַĿʥˣϴĮЦݣʹʥĿ΢΢һԵЩÿ
ֹȻǷʥεЦЦȻû˸ղŵķȣַǻƽԳʵҪɱҲ׾֮°ɡ
¸ղԣǼ°ַЦ˵ʹʥɫӲ΢΢鴤ţ֪˵ʲôȴ֮ˣȻûַܹ㣬ȻҲû뵽ַ㱳ȿµ
ַ㣬ȻˣҲֱ˵ˣʥҪɱң޷ֻֿ˵ҲȻʥݣʳΪֶַıʲôֻ˵컯Ūˡ
ʥ˷ƽ̹ȻǿʥǰУ޻˵
̫ԼˡַЦ漴ƽȻô˵Ҿ͸ᣬʥʢ䣬ۣΪԼܹԣ󱲵Ѿսգһսɡ
ţʥɫ£ַ㣬Ҫһսַ֪Ĳֻ֪࣬츳׷ɱʵǿΣʥ̤СʥҲмǧ£Ըַ㣬ٲãҲֻܱҪǻƽԳֱû⡣
˻棿ʥʵ
Ȼַ˶΢΢£ַ㣬Ҫսʥڣ
ʥ˿˵ˣȰ벽ʥ˻ҪһΣСɵʥǿߣʮ겻ַ㣬Ѿôǿˣ
ˣʣΪַչˣпµĴڱ˵ʮַʥЩŵģȻ˿ַ̣㣬սʥˡ
áʥȻ䣬غƶҪȺֻоһ˲䣬ƬջǴ˸̫䡢̫䡣
ҵҪһʵΡʥ˿ַ㣬ɫĮһ̤رַһ㺮꣬·Ҫᣬж
ˣӶʥ˵ӰһӰֻһ˸ַ㡣
ɱȻ䣬ַֻһ޶ɱǺ޶֮ϣ˿˿ıԴ⻯˿ߣϵĳȥÿһƣܶɱ˵ꡣ
ַһеһУ·ڱһƺַУ˼Ĺ켣ϿƶʥˣҲܲ׽ټ
漴ַֻ嶯ˣһָһͷһУǺ޶ȥϵıԴ֯һ𣬼ΪĿֲַŶԷ˫ޱߣͬԨ
ʥһؼ˺תΧ͸
ȥַһ³ʥֻоڱã·ҪԨȥ
롣ַʥĿһֻоԼڤڤеˡڱ롣
ô᣿ҵ֮ʥɫһһֱӵ˼ʵǿᣬ츳׿ַ㣬Ȼܹ
Ȼ£ܹԤڤڤеܶˡַаݣӴҲõһֿʮʱ⣬͸ֻƤëɼжôĿ¡
ˡַ㵭˵ֻƻӶƵһֱָָʥ˱ģͬʱӰ磬˲Ϣʧԭأ죬ƿؿһ٣ٶȸͿ壬ЩŵУѾʧַӰ
ʥˣȴ⾳档
棿
ʥɫѿһôַ꣬˵档
͡ӡֹʥŭһǱ֮
ߣһ漴һϵĽֱӳһԵ飬ݻ١
ʥŭһһƱԴĺ֮ȫ˳ȥҪַɱ
ַ̣ƺײһ˻УûһУˣʥ˸оʧɫҰףǰַ㣬û뵽ַ㣬޻֮
ƾ㣬Ҳǰ񡣡ַ˵ͫʥ־ҪϵÿһλܷͬĹ˷ʤַ㣬ƿ˶ֱԴĹݡ
ʥˣͳ׵ݵ˶صĹУ˵Ϣڱ룬ɣգˣַеУʧˡ
ôܡʳ˿һĻŵľһʥڣ̵ˣ
ַӶص̨򣬾Ե˿Ⱥʶַ㲻Ķŵ꣬Ǿʥ߹Ϊߡ
˿ַ㣬֮ţ߷Ⱦԣַ㣬ʥַ㣡


2418 
˿е˿ȸղŻƽԳɱʥҪʮǰַ㣬ʾ磬ʰʵչ¶âμӾȡһϯλҫʥݣЯǿ߻ع飬Ⱥַ㱾ʵͣʾ۾
ּ޶ԣʮʱʵ̫ݣʥȴǸ߲ʵĴ˵ڣʥˣοʥĵڶСʥʥݵ˶ԸǲģַȴˣǿɱһλСɵʥһͳʥݵʥˡ
ʥɣʳҲֱȺַ㣬̨Ƿ·𿴵һĵ
һ˵õȮ죬ַɾʥǵõӴˣ̨һɳ졣
ƽԳ¶һĨɫû뵽ַôСһܹΪǿµˣȻԭģȷʵ
ľʵǾˣǿ̫ǿˣǶַ츳̾мӣΪƳ磬û뵽ɱ䣬˵Ŀ졣
С㣬Ҵһľƽ¼飬ַ
ȷʵҶǵǰ̨֣һʮһ״ӣڻ֮Լսâ¶̤磬ȴѹȣȻСʼղǰУԽԽǿʱɲܸ죬һʥҵĵӣ̨Ҳоһ꣬ĵӣʥ˿λá
ʦҲҪʦһҶ˫ȭգоԼ̫ˡ
ַʦ壬ǿǾϲַ֣ǿ̨֮ң̨֮ҡ
˿̣Ⱥ·ѾʳˣŵĻʳҪһͳʥݣٰ˴ʢ䣬Ȼ˿̣һȥˡ
ַ㣬û뵽ѵȳ̶ȡսɮ̾ϢһΪ츳ôô
ַֻĿתʳǱ߷ƽʳĴҲܣȻ̨ұ֮ҷ𡣡
ַĻʹʳЩľǱ߸ϣȻȴ˲Ϣȵס
ʦǻȥɡַعľ΢Ц
ߣ̨ʴЦ˵ϧʦǲڣȻһˡ
лᣬҪʦʦֵַ̨Ц£漴Ŀ߱棬棬һȥ̨ɡ
á߱Цŵ˵ͷַݿɲһ߹ѧԺ棬ַҪڼӵĻóһǰַʥˣ粻۱ֻ֣ʵȻַԼ˵ȻܱΡ
ǣЩˣ˿̾ԵúΣ磬档
һյ̨Եø֣ľʡַ㡢̨䡢Ҷ̵һ̨ĵһЩһ߱ҲڣûмӣҶΣš
ַ㣬Сӵôģôͳʥˣ˸ţǺʵ
ôġַʼ磬Ц
˵˵ʥһɣǶûнӴأ֪ʥʲôգգ۵
ԣַ㣬ʥ۾ܾˣʼ޷һ磬ʥ̤ʥսѧԺ˵ֻдʼ˿ʥΪҲûе伮¹߱Ҳһ硣
ַ΢΢ͷ۾Ƕ֪ˣȻҪ̤ʥ磬Ҫ֮޷һֳѣˣоһ壬Խ֮ϣܹ뵽棬Ϊеʥʱ˳ʥΪ벽ʥˡ
벽ʥϣҪһϵıԴľˮ𡢴ءȵȶԣ͵ǱԴĻԴǸεĸһó֮óѹóطЩǹһ𣬶ڴرԴһóóˮ͹ó㲻ЩˮϵıԴһ࣬޶ȵֹ棬ʱСʥˡ
ղһսʥˣˮϵԴı뵽棬ϵĺֱӽ벽ʥ˶Ҫʥ⻹ҪһϵԴԲصıԴͱҪصĸѹȵȣȫͨ󳹴򣬲Բ㣬Ҳû
ʥǾ͸ңԶˣܶ˶ϵԴԲֻǴʥǻƽԳҪϣںϣϵԴںϲС
˶ţַ㣬ΪһΣ˵еĲΣԴҪԲѣ̫ˣǻ̫ңԶ
ʦ壬Σ֪У⾳ǱԴ𣿡ʵ
ַ΢Цŵͷ
ѹˣҸоԼȻͻˣǾ⾳ǧ򱶵Ĳ࣬׷ϣһúúУϣгһܹﵽʦľ硣
һлġַ΢Ц漴ľʣʦ̨һСķ粨̨ĵӣЩ츳ܳջ󶼲벻ģ˵츳ôڵȴƷǼ͵ģʦѡһ£ΪǽһÿΣϣܹ
ľɫһ漴صͷã㽲ΣȻмϼһҲȥһ
ʦͱɷˡַЦȻúðλʦУȴԽεƣȻʦûԵˣǶʦĲء
ַ㣬⼸ϼһգ㽲Ρַ߱㿪ڵ
Ը⣬ûġַ΢Ц
ַ㣬죬Ҫֵ߱һ
һαҲˣСˣûʲôҪģַҲսѧԺӣԻսѧԺһȻȴݲսѧԺ߲С˴ڡַƽ˵ʹüλɫ£ǵ˵ͷһˡ
ͨ˿ֻ̣һվſڣ
˵ľӦһ
ʳµĻʳ֮ЯһԪԼյ̨֮ˣǰʹףʳַԸǣǣϧ
ǵĿⶼַ㣬ȴַתĸ֣Ϊ֮
ǡǵӦȺȴǰַĸ̨֣Щˣʳˡ
ղϢʥʥˣǰݼǵֵʹȺţʥˣŰݼ
ǣڣҲͣҪַٶȿڣǵӦȥȴ˵Ĳţһʥ˰ݼַ㣬ֱԲҪ붼ʵϣλսѧԺҲ겻ѣǺַоɣڿ¼ַһ涼


2419 
̨䳡˿̣ڶڴˣֱ֮λм䣬ţʱǵĿ⣬ȴǰ¶֮ɫһۣ꣬ɾ࣬Ϣƽͬһͨ˰㡣
Ȼȴף꣬ɱһλСɾʥǿ飬ǰݼʥǿһ棬ŵĴ棬ǰĴ棬ܹһλǰҿеָĻᣬ֪˿ȺͷȺͼ
˵ʦڵʦָ֮󣬾ͻʯʵַʦҵһ˲乤򣬾ʤʮޡֻһаֻᣬǧѷꡣ
ɡַ΢Цŵƽ׽ˣûа֮ȴţ׷֮ϣĿַ㡣
ǾͬڵĽ׶βͬҲ޷ͳһǣȻ˵һǣСģеǶҪͣƽ侳пʼʱң侳侳֮ˣ䣬Ǹ߸ϵĴڣңɼȻԶôΪһ޷䣬ڣʥ侳ںδ
ַ㻺˵ʹͷ˲ûֻ˸߸ϵַ㣬ȴˣַ㣬ҲСҲӹˣڣѾӵ˺;˦̫Զ䣬ںη
ǲҪΪҲԽ޶ۣνɣܶͨȻٶҲյ㣬ߣ츳ֻܾĳ߶ʱ䣬ܾĸ߶ĸλãܵĸλõˣġַһ仰ò˵ȼա
ģ־־ԡܹһ緢ȻޣȴֲܺøԶ̤ʵأһǰǰľ磬ǰԶǰֻҪᶨƵȥһ죬ԶҲܵյ㡣
˸оѪӿǰԶֻҪԶҲյ㣬һһӡ
ˣ˵ģֻôһ㣬Щ⣬ҡַ΢Ц⣬Ҫ
ʦ˿̣һͷվʱȺĿͷЩţԴʦҶЩ̣Ϊλʾ磬طȻȴٳûܹҵĵ֪ô֡
һǵ۾Ȼ츳֮ܳˣʾͿʼַͬ㡢ﻹм䣬ˡ
ΪóңҸķַŹͷɫ£漴ͷʦˡҲˡ
˵ַ꣬΢΢漴ŲȻһ磬ֱַȥ
¡ֻһǿĺַ˹ȥͷͬɽءѹǿͬһɽշѹ֣Ȼ̶ȵĹַǰۡ
ˣַֻͻأվʱͷֻоơ壬һɳصѹסоѹ֡ʹࡣ
ͬһַ⾳ȻʦһͱҵĹ̺ĳ֮ǿǧ򱶡ͷ𾪣ַֻһһ̣оɽĳأǴأѹϣҪѹ塣
һֻۣҪһֵҪ㹻Ļۣƾĵ֮ǵ֮ʱͨڤɹսУɱǿʮʬǶѻɽֻۣˣֻȴ޷ȥȥ򡣡
ַƮͷĶУͬҲǸˣַߵͷߵʱ򣬹ͷڳܲסֱһƨ˵ϣȻǹѹʧȴֱӱ۾˸ղܵ⾳Уо⾳ǧѷ꣬һҪúץסϸϸĴ֮⡣
ӿɽַ̡㿴ԷķӦ΢Ц£漴˻ԭأղԳöԷȴܹͷԼóȥϸϸַҲûʲô̵ܽˡ
ַʦȻԳָᣬһҪŬץסúһҪʲô˸
ʦͣλʵľѾܾˣȴٳûа취ͻƣô⣿վַʵ
ûгȥˣַʵ
ꡣ
һֱȴ޷ͻôַʡ
ǵʦٳ޷ͻƣҸоԼǿӦõˡ
ַ㵭ĵ
ǰַǰԶͣ£ȻʱַȻͬӰһɾɱϣʴ־һɱҪ
졢쵽Ӧ͸оԼҪ㣬Ȼȴַ·лᣬֻҪǿһЩܶ
ֻŭһ廯һ磬λãһâǰХɱȴδˣһɾɱֱ֮ӵͷ£硣
硣ϣ쫷壬죬쵽Լ𺳣ǿֹ޾Լ·뵽ˣϵܵвٿַ㣬Ѿ֮ϡ
⡭Ⱥˣһ˷սߣ㵸ͿսЩ
˲ʪ͸ˣΣУԼôоġ
һǻþҪȫǱҪôɱĻþŻ
ҪôֹܣֱƣߣҪôֱʦѹ
˶ףֶܼãڻþУȻʱһɸǿķХǿϢ˳ʹȺͫ
ͻˣ⡭
þȻʧͣϷ֮ХԼסˣܿ˹ַ㹪лʦ
𣿡ַʵ
ףʦһֱѹǸ㣬ɱȴʵڵģʵʦ͵ģҾֻѡҪôҪôͻƣѹեԼ
ԣҪôҪôͻƣǰǣ㱾ҲǸٽ㣬ͻƣֻȱһѣʱ򣬾Ҫѹեˣԣ֮ˣҪȥѹΣܽ˵Ǳһѹե
ˣַÿָһˣҲָˡ
һÿΣ֮ãȻ̨Ӷԣʤʮ꣬Ƕַ㣬˷أ½Ĵ˵ƽ׽ˣһ̵ǣҲԣģΪ̨ˡ


2420 ɽ
ַڿ֮ʦ๦ͨԼǷǳ߼ģһЩַɱʥõʥ
С㣬̨Щ̨Щȥ»Ϊ̨㵱ʥ̣Ҷ˰ѺǺ𣿡ľĿм֮⣬ַ
ʦ˵ҶףҲǹˣ̵һʥǹֻҪϣ𵽷ãһǿǶģ⣬̨ɻ¾Сɵʥ̨Ϊ̨ػţֻҪĶңɱ̨ǧǣɵʥҲǰ½̨ưԡ
ʥأľɫ£Ļȷų̂ܶˣϽ֡
УҺͻԹлһУΪԸҿνֶΣڶʱڻûƷԺҺϵ񻯣ǰ̨±Σ
ȻôȫǡľЦŵͷò˰̨꣬ǿʢһˡ
ʦʦֵϢ𣿡ַһ
ֻľɫһַ㿴ǵɫʵʦʼ£ʲôңڿ˵˰ɡ
С㣬նľ̾һʹַɫһʦôˣ
ʥһɽˮǰУǾǧŰپʮŽݣʵһ˵Ӧ֪ɣ
ַ˵ͷһεʥ֮ʱ󺦳̸̨ɽ˵Ϸɽʱ̵ˣȥʱ⣬˵ûֱܹ̤ϷɽǴ֮ϣɣд˵ɽ֮оȻϷɽˣ࣬ȴΪ˾ħͷ
ʦգγԹǷɽȻŴζʧܶա
ն˷ɽȻûгɷȴħһΣߵͷʦͽԵѾӴ˻Ȼǣҡľ̸΢ʹ̨״ӣͬһննƽǣȴħҪϾʦͽϵνвʹ
ʱ֮£ַʵ
ʥ֮ǰʥ𣬺ͷɽѲ˹ϵľڵ
ʦںδַʵ
֪һѶ
ַĿ΢΢漴ȥȻһ˳ʥ֮ǰ̨ҡ
һХ֮ͬ㻮ʥݵϿ֮أؼ·һһе˵ĶĤС
ʥ֮ǰ̨ҡ
ӦȺͷޱȣң̨вӹɣ˱ΪַɣΨܹӵȰһҪʥǰεȷˣҲ˸̾ʵΨҶĪҲӣʥ֮ʥˣҲ
Ȼʱʥ̨ͨķһӰգǰ̨ܿ죬̨֮⡣
ˣ廹δ䣬һȣֱϿ֮أɫĮʥͷɽǺιϵ
Щ̧ͷǿƵַ㣬ɫ΢΢£Ϊ׵ʥ˶ĲǿǼǵַʢֱɱʥˣһǲ
ʥǰϷ壬Ϸе̤Ϸɽȡ÷澭Уʹ֮սǿʢգڹģһ̧ͷַ㣬˵
ַһ̼߷Ʊãһ죬ֱӱ˺ѣѪֱ֣ŵ֮ȫһɫ԰ס
ԣɱ⡣ַɫĿʥ˵
ʥɫƽַ㣬漴ڵң˷ɽޣµ÷ɽϷ壬Ϸ֮ʥ
ǷޣħޣַĮʵ
ɫһַͣ㣬ڵǷҲħ
ߣǰɽַ䣬ȴǿڵɺӵݶУ
ֱ̤ɽ֮ϡַӦ
㲻𡣡Ц
޷޳ħҪأңħΪޣǿ֮𣬷ʲôַԵ˵ĶԻͷ𵴣ν𡢺νħǿ֮𣬱
ˣҵǷɽգʥݷɽУַĮɨһ֮ˣ漴廯⣬ȥ
ţʵҪˮУٵʮݶϣΪ𣬷ֱ̤ٷɽˣŷѹɱȻַ㣬ʹȶУΪǿСʥǴ˵еľŷַô
ַ㣬ܷƴ˵
ʥݵˣͷٶȻ˸ǰɽַ㣬̤ȥô
ɽΧǶˮߣɴУȻ˿̣ȴӰգֻʥ֮ͣգַǰ֮·ұפ㣬ܹҷܸϡ
ҵҪʥݴ˸ҺĴ˵˭װŪַӶУӲʲôħֻʵûʵ˭ŷɽ֮ϣдûдҲᣬȻʦУħҲˣħ㣬⣬ǣȴʦȴ塣
Ȼ䣬һ£ַϣַɫ΢Ȼʥѹַɽۣܹ̤֮롣
죬Ҫ⴫˵
ˣַУ̤棬һɸǿѹ漴֮ϷŽɫ⻪һŷ֣ǧ³ҫ죬գʢ̾Ȼоأǧ˸Ҵĵطգַ̤㡣


2421 
ַ̧ͷһŴҲݣҪ˵꣬ȻȴַͬŭХһֱֲǷ֮ײ
Ȼƺֻǿʼ޴Ľɫŷշѹ£һޱȾ޴ĽɫƷ·Ҫأַѹ˹·ضҪѹ̮ǿᡣ
ߡַһ̧һնգǽɫľ޴ӡֱ˺ѿ漴飬
ͻأ䣬Ƭգַ㷢֣Լ·һƬĿռ䣬Χֻзһӷǣ϶³ԣҪԸʶ䣬ַо
ҪɱˣȴǺθо
ˣַӰֱʧһ޷ͬʱַ㷢˹ӡ죬ؽԷ
ַһռٷ·ڼȻϣȴͷǿ֮⣬أΨҶһն㣬·мǧͬʱ֮âһŷȻȴɫ󣬳ַХɣƿຣޱߣ⺣󣬱ǿຣС
ĪǣֻǾĹûоŷڴˣַ㿴ûжֻ֣ѾúõĹͷˣڴ˵زȹȷƾŷ𣬾Ǵʥǿڣ˲ڣǿṥڴˡ
ַܣҫֱӲຣ֮Уǰ
¿նɴУҪޱ߿ຣôȻຣޱߣҲĲͷ
ַ˸ǰຣûб߼ʣŽɫܽڻȻ˿֮ˣɽ֮ϵ龰ַ͹ŷʧ
ַǰжգͷຣ֮УȻַ㲻ΪͷǰȻɲͷຣޱߣҲҪ߳ȥĲоͷ
һգַȻһຣʧ˳ȥһɽ֮ۡ
Ƿɽôַ㿴Ƭռ䣬ɽ
ַ¶һĨЦǷ֮ʥأ
ƨаħħ죬ʲôʥء
ɽ֮ϣвֻ˿һУм⼸˶ɮˣȻַ㿴ȴǺһЦɮ˵£ȴħⷭ
û뵽ɽ֮ϣǲɹ֮ءַ㿴ǰ֮ˣƽڣ漴ʵպڣ
û뵽ܶȿຣϧǷޡ̾Ϣһ£ذɣﲻ֮ء
˭֮أַ㷴ʵ
֮ˡ˻Ӧ
֮ˣΪγħֵַ
󳹴򡣡
󳹴֮󣬲ɴ𣬷ħЦ㣬պڣַúͶԷϻֱ˵ʵ
ʥǧʥ˵Ȼ̤ɽ֮ϵķʿԳɴħ޳ʥѵǴ󳹴򣿡δַ㣬Թ˵ţ⼸˵ΪҲȷʵǿСʥԵַ󣬷ɽ֮ϣôЩ
ħַɫ䣬âҫУִħꪣ̼ħ죬֮䣬ˣħͷۿ£ɨǰˣü䣺ٺ˷ʱ䣬ұ㽫ɽΪƽء
Ǽ˿һĻʱɫһħͷȹຣǿߣһħͷ
ǡֻһָԶһַȥ촫ֱǿƿĽƣУһ̣ǽһӰϥڷħ㴹ǣһ̣·͸£ַʦܣôˡ
ַ㽫ħ촫Ƕݻٵֱӷ飬ֵǺڷħǿߣȻգȻ˿̵ﻹ֮ģһĮħͷ
ʦַ֡ͷû뵽΢Цɮʦ֣˿̱İģ
ȥɣѷĶʦ֡ɫĮĻַ΢Щʹ·Ҳܹܵʦ֮ʹ
Ϊˣַʵ
֮£ΨʵΪ棬Ϊںܺã̶̼ʮʱ⣬ʥΪʵԾƽ
һŪ׵ġַת漴˸ǰоǧŰپʮݡ
ַӰͬ쫷㳯¿նȥƬ֮󣬵׶ˣ̧Ͽգңң޾Ȼȴһ˷ŽݣҪ֮ˣ׾ʲô
ģŷ𡣡һݣַУ֮ģûа취ģַᣬֱУŲһþһ̺֮ΰȷһԵûһ֮ģûа취ȥַ㲻ͬѽݵĴޣûʲôܹ赲סĲ
ǧʮݣþҪһ֮ģܴﵽɼߵһˣǼޱȵķɮˣʦ֣Ҳǣ߲һ
ַ㰵һϣ־ؿ飬Ƿ͡ķ֮ǷɣߵģҪͨп飬ȻͨЩ飬֮Ĳݶҡ
ʱַ㣬Ѿǧʮˣٶϣַ㣬ʼһζλþЩʷҪ֮飬߸޵˼룬ǣΨм֣ϣɼҪжôᶨܲǰЩ߸ԵĻþƬΣַ㣬оľ
Ʃ磬һʿ޷ն£ǿʢܹ⣬лˣӣȻһ죬εļλӣѱɱļˣȡйˣλзն
ңЩþʵھһ棬һһϵҪ֮˵ֻҪ飬¾ϲȥַ㼸Ҫȥжѣжǿҡ
ַһԼģڲ룬ʱ̣ޱȼ͵˵ϷɽһɲǣħݺĳǸǺε񣬺εȾģ󳹴뵽⣬뵽ЩǷ֮˵ַоɽжộ֣֮˴󳹴򰡣


2422 ɽ֮
ַ㣬ǰУһĻĻĳһζεƬΣ͵ķʿԣ󣬼ᶨƣͨؿ飬Ȿһ׮£գ֮ͻеĿ飬֤ŴǲֵˣȴһķޣΪģǽ˵׵Ļ壬Ż᲼֮֡
ʱ̣ɻŷôĳɾͣҲؽǿµġַаһɣһǰգ߹ľؽݣһΪν侫ʣҲһʿȴ𡢵ԸһУֻΪ֤Ȼգˣ䣬еһУһμΪ̵
ڣַһݵʱеĳȫᴩԺУ漴һ𣺡㣬𣿡
ҡ˭ߵһԻĲڣַ̤һ嫵ɽ֮ϣħݺᣬƮϺΪǿħҲǷǷ𡣡
£ַ㿴һӰһӰһŮӣ쳤ХħΪʹ֮
ǶβˡַĿ£·˶ʦΪλˣħ޷԰ˣʮݣ̫ʹࡢ̫̣ܹǺε֮ǿȻȴ÷顣
ַһٴǰʦ֣㾭ǲ̵ʮݣҲһоλʦʦֵܣǶ㣬ȴġ
ֻҡҡͷҲáҲգҶȴ£߰ɣشҵУԼѡ񣬺޹ء
ܻشҼ⣬ұߡַͻأڣʹַ㣬ʰɡ
飬ŷΪȴҪıԼħַʡ
ħ顢ȴһУˣֻʵ֮ΪҲǰΪô
ô˵Ϊʵˣ㣬飬ȴǰ׷ʵΪʲôַʵ
磬˵ʵôһʵˣӵʵˣʵǿʢ˵Ƿ𣬱Ƿ˵ħħ
㣬˳ȴ֮ħ֮ˣΪַٴοڡ
ΪҲһμΪ̵󳹴򣬲˲󳾣ˣΪĴܴڣ߲һͳħ߹ˣԲҡǷߣܳɾʹϾ磬ˣ֮šջ˵
Ȼȴڴ˿ַֻ̣ЦʹտЦʲô
ʦ֣Ц棬󳹴ΪħͷȴһУΪλҪˣЦΪ󳹴ˣħɾԼȴֻ֪Ϊ˼¶ѡַ˵գҾٴ󳹴һΣˣӴңϾϵ
˵ħ飬ȴһУֻʵɳ죬ȻĴδһԣޣѪ⣬ʵ൱㿴ʵΡַϣͻأԶŰԵһ̤ѣȻˣɫ΢䡣
ߵĵ𣿡ַĿڣֻ̼оԼַ֮ͫУ漴һӰӹַƣֱӿĲϣĴ󳹴Ҳˡ
˵գ˦˳ȥյײһɽ֮ϣɫѿַ㣬ħ
ŭʲôʸŭʦ㳤㲻ʦҪϾϵкʸŭֱַһĴŭһϹӡַ㣬ȴַһĵ÷飬һϣѿҵտѪ
󳹴֮ʵУͬ϶ѣҪɱ㣬һǧҲַվǰҪ˵ʲô󳹴УرģҲ㣿
˵֮½ʵΪʵǿǷҲħûӵʵΣħΣ£֮ˣѵûңֱַԺ֮УԴ
ɽ֮ϣνĴ󳹴֮ôַɨȺһһٵݻ٣һϢַɱȴַӰˣһָָ̼һֱ
ҪɱЩ󳹴֮ˣַ֮͡һӣٶȻصǰ㿴ôĴ󳹴ô
𵴣ַ㣬Сʦܣ񣬽رģޣΪҪ䣿
㾭ʮݣˣΪԼǴ󳹴򣬲ı֮УҲ¡ַһ̼䣬մξ֮У漴Լݸգȥ
ܾ֮ξַյҵľ˿٣Ϊסģȴܣ㲻޷𣬲ŷΪȴԼҲʧΪʲôк壿
ַʹҡĴ󳹴ô
˵ıʡ
ȻҴȥַգӰ˸ǰȥ·һƬʲôûһȴַݺݵһơ
촫նʹĿǡ
ɣһκεҵ۾ַǰУһɽɽϣһӰħ棬ħһλŮӣХ
ɫ̡
ûһеˡַ㿪ڣ㻹Ϊڰ㣿
ͼʲôʡ
ַ֮㻺ڣʹɫ£ַ㣬ȴǰӰڣҸоûдĻӦûš
ռžһƬַĻ£ӰĶˣתַ㣬ݣ·ģģ͸ħеĴڡ
Ӧʶַٶȿڡ
ַ㡣˿ˣַûоȣоõˣһʶԷ
˭ַʡ
֪֮ʱԻ֪ڣȥɣҸУαشңɽҲԼѡ񡣡ƽ˵
ãԻټַ㵭˵漴뿪
֪ʥдʥʥ֮ôַʵ
֪յͷ
ҪɾʥҪʲôַʡ
صıԴдԲںһ壬ϡջ˵Ȼ䣬Ŀ⿴ַ㣬·ʲô㣬ͷҵĲš
ûһλµķȴڴʥҪ޳ϣͱҪһǿԴʹԲںϣһıԴǡħ
ڽǣ򣡡ַʹ嶼ڲ


2423 
ַճ֣νٶȵ߸յ־
һжôĵȻȻ⣬ģȻ֮ģȴޱȣ㣬ַľʣҲľΪȡն
ǣʮǰٷɽΪ͵飬ˣ߸һɷһħӴˣȴһУֻʵħͷЩҲôģΪڶݵļʮ䣬̤ʥӼԼǶԵġ
죬ַʵΪ£ãνʵַǰһַ㣬ɺǰһ޷ΪΣʵҲܷԾĺͷħйأ
ַ㿴գɫɱ䣬õʵΣ㱻˻˸ı䣬Ȼ֪⣬㲻оôΪ͵֮УԵá
̧ͷգʣˣǴˣΪԼУ
ʦ֡ʱַͻȻ䲻ôĮǱƽĿ⻺תַ
ЩֻΪѰҴ𰸣ڣܸģѾˣڣҲǿı㣬ϣܹѭģܹԼ˭Ҫ㱾ıˣ뿪Ӵ޹ϸ𡣡
ַ㶢գƽ˵ַ֮Ҳʣ˭
δ󳹴һΣٸԼ˼άȥߣǣҪŸоԼȥߣʱſһУԺ޾䰿裬˼ںηҪԼġ
յԺУƬΣһСУԴŽѾһɽ֮ϴǰӰʵʦ𣬺ΪУ
УΪǿԼģԼʸѡԼҪߵ·΢Ц˵ƶǶ漴ֻЦ£Դ
仯СѾ󣬱Ϊɮ߹ǧ򻧣ȥ·ȥԵˡˣصɽУһ֣ԴЦննһȥ֮á
ɮ¶һĨõЦݣʦϴľӲҲ񡣡
Ҳû뿪ôҲкֻһЦţ¶֮⣬ɮ˵ͷȴЦš
ԺеɮЦЦţĳħͷ˫Уȴᣬ£ģͻȻоʹ絶׶Ĵ̹ǡ
ˣĶˡ
ХյԴϣϱͷٶȳַ֣㣬жɣȻϣȴŲЦݣʹֿţΪһԼΪãΪ͵С
ַ㣬ллգٶȻصϤգһĨЦݣַҲͬ¶˲õЦףգˡ
ʦַ֡㺰һ˫ִһֺ¡
ߣַ㣬ǻȥҪʦ𡣡ͻȻ俪ڵƺܼУЩȲ
ǻȥַЦ£漴˲ϢʧӰ
ɽ֮ϣкܶǿ߻ڣ⶯һĻӰգҲӰǣ˿̣ǵģҲ
һУѾַ޹ˡ
̨ľĿԶƺڵȴַٷɽѾЩˣδ飬ǲЩġ
˵ַʵȻɽ̫ˣңҲ˵ַ̤ɽڷɽ֮۷˿ֲսַ֮ʧ
ȻʱԶգһâ쵽Ŀѣ˻δӦ촫ֱѣ漴ǰһӰǣͷƺҿ۾
⡭£漴ַƮȻڵϡ
նľɫһȻ֣ڵ֮ˣա
ʦ𣬵ӲТʹ漴ݺݵĽԴڵϣٶ飬ܵסԴײ
ľһۣ漴ЦˣĵЦˣǵĳնˡ

նͺá
˶ǰշȻȴоǸա
ʦõӹɡ̧ͷϤףûа˼ȻգȴΨʹ뵽Լ˵ʦжжôĲ̵̣ʦˣΪˡ
նҲ;Ϊʦ㣬ľա
ľʦ˵Ķԣնһб㶼ȥˡҲտλʦԽھΡ
ʦ֣ɣʦѹһУȥˣ°ɡַǰտڵտַһֿۣλʦһۣ漴ٶߵͷ죬֮صġ
˵꣬ղվλʦľҲǸпǧףǸ˵ġ
С㣬ˣնһľַ˵û뵽ַǰɽöħջͷǰ
ʦʵֶܹʦ֣Ƿɽ̫֮ǿʮݣټ͵־Աݻٵǲݣħݡַ㿪ڵܸܵõ
ףնʲôˣΪʦֻ֪ܲû뵽˵еķɽôֲһ˱仯֮󡣡ľַ̾㣬ʲô
һǳµħ˫ޣȻһµĴʥ޷ͻƣ޷ħּҪϵԴԲںϣʥƿŷɽǰɽ֮ˣǵ־ǶħӶħĺ塣
ôǿľɫһû뵽Ȼһλ˵еĴʥҪ̤Ͼ
һλˣǣһ˭ַԺл䣬޷ħ벻λˡ
ɽ֮أԺҪ̨Զ̤ˡľĴڣҪ衣


2424 ̬
ͥһ䳡ϣܻڰ˷̨ȼգֻ̨ǰһӰۣĿɨ䳡еˣɫ͸һɿµ֮⣬Щ䳡ȺһǿµĴڣϵĸףһֱҪԸַҲС
սѾȼӭĶʱǸоΣ̨ϵӰĿɨˣƽһ
ĸ½ⳡг׸ıˡֻ棬һӰڵ
ȻһľмصһζʱˣֱȻ츲أ˶Ҳ˿֣ȻҲܹ𵽸ߵĸ߶ȡ
ȻҵʱΪ֮ı䣬˵Ҳͬµ֣Ҳкܶ޷ͻƵͻȻͶˣȻҲǿ߻ᱻ̭̭Ľ־ǻ𡣡
̨ӰϵһĨЦ⣺˵ûһǣҲ˻ˣ䣬䣬˿ҪԼˣշ飬ӦöõϢɡ
֪˷׷׵ͷû뵽ĴԾʵŵģʱǿ磬ң羹ģе֮أڽأȷ𺳣ЩѾвʮ;ͨ˰ɡ
ͥ½粻ڣʮ;ͨҲֲǿߣ񣬻ûзֱȾ磬ʱ硣
ֻĳλ鿪ٶƩǴ½Ӧĳλóǿٶ˵ܹǣϹϵѾǲһǿǰȥܷ̽żһЩż
磬磬Ҳǿ߹ȥҲǵˣҲһټ֮ĻսǶԵԲˣõİһɳӽ𣬻黭Ժĵӹ
ϣһҪ˿̣ͻأ俪ڣϵǿ߿ڵ
£ǳʵ
ܿǽַ֮½磬ܷǲһλϾĳɱַ㡣˵Դϴδɱʧܣ֮ףʥ£ǲɱַˡ
ǳĿ˸£ϴյǰȥѹЩˣûºֹϻɱںüѾ򣬵ľߴ󡣡
ⳤֱԲ˵ߴ󣬵Ҳûй˼ʲôֻڵҲû뵽ʮǧǰƭˣ˵תֹȻЦǰһξЩˣ¶ǴߣԲŻɳ˵Ŀ졣
һ˽жϮɱַʧܣΪ᲻֪ôѾǵע⣬ټַ߱ƺһصһλĳ϶һܳɹ£ʱǳϿ˵ʹɫһ
ϣַĳɳٶȣǽĿԼɳĿܳΪ˵е߸Ĵڣǲܵˡ˵ȻֻǳϵĿɨһۣΪСɵʥôôһϵԴԲ죬Բ֮ҪԲıԴںϣѣʷУδǧǻʱ䣬ȵѵʱٳ֣˶С
˵ʲôȴǳϵ˵ˣַǽɣǻӣҲͬӣͬĵ㲻ô
ǳϵĻأɫһɫⲻÿѵôɱַ㣿
Ҫɱɣɲǻһ飬ǣҲˡǳһʹͷ΢ƺ˹ʱڣôؼʱ̣ܹϵĴκһҪԼ˵ʵȻɽۻ
ټλмҪȥһŬ󱲣ڶΪһǿ߻һţʱս׼εĶһһһ־սҲһǧꡢֻǧ꣬һ꣬˭Ц󣬲Ӯҡ
ס˷׷׵ͷɫأʱʱҲõʱͿ˭ữʬǣ˭ֻ̤ʬǰС
Щңʱַ޹أǰ㣬εĶһһʱ䣬ƴǵ̣ûһɵֱռԾǿʵóƴĻ͵ֱӱʳһ̵ˣǻϻ
ַڵʵȻǲܸı˶ҵʱûʸ
Щʱգַһֱ̨֮Уʦѣָ̨ˣʥݣҲָƽҪ̨£Ȼ̨ԣյӣ̨ȼսѧԺȵͨսѧԺؿ֮󣬲ʸΪ̨һӡ
Ҳζţ̨սѧԺһ壬һսѧԺѸӭһ˵ʱ̨ΪַĴڣЩ߲ʣΪĿеʥء
һգͥԺ֮УľԼڣֻľַʵС㣬Ĵ뿪𣿡
ʥҲ˰ʱ⣬̨սȹ̣˼ǣҲ˾ʥ̨ǧ꣬ǻᾡľҸȥˡַľ΢Цͥ½ͨͨʱܻʦ
ľ˵ͷΪ̨ҲôЩʱգȷóȥˣĻԻͣնҲȥ𣿡
ʦԺͲʦˣִʦȥ꣬Ҷаħ֮ô꣬ҲóȥˡЦƽͣȫָǰ
ĻǻһܺȣʥħһʱգҲǷɣ˷ȥҪСΪϡ
סյ˵ͷ
ˣϼһͱˣúȥɡЦŵȻҲ͸Ųᡣ
ãȥɡľˬʵЦ£ֻЩСһǣ»ܲãЩСƨɺ档
뿪֮ٸǰɣʦˡַնλʦ΢΢漴ӰնȥľʿȥӰþûлͷ


2425 Դ
գӰǰУַ㿴һۣЦʵʦ֣׼ȥδ
ʦû˷䲽;Ȼ򾭹ۣⷬҲױģȥ̨һһʵʦǣҲܹ㲻ɣ֮䣬ֲҵĹ溬΢ЦԶƺ˴ĳŵ
ַյĻͷ΢£ʦִֵ֪Լ֮ʱʦ뵽ʲôӹɣʦִǿңҪһҲζţʦ֣Լ
ַ㣬츳ףҪúŬУгһճΪִǬʱ޷ԸҲڣǰϽ磬ĺΪңʱ̨ԡպЦ˵漴Ŀַ㣺أ׼ǰη
ŶԼʥһЩδˣȥһ⡣ַЦŻӦһȥŶǴȥߣʥȻҲҪȥġ
ˣַ㣬ڴ˷ֱɣԺټյ
ʦ֣ǰ֮·ءһЦ漴Ųͬȥ
Ŷַһ㺮ݻ֮󣬱ָֻƽȻƽԵģҲ¶ˣ磬ٲУַ㵽֮󣬼λУõǵϢλַ֪Ϊ̲֮סһ꣬ͬʱҲ̾仯ضҡ
ַ㲢δ̫ãֻǼ֮󣬱ͬﻹоһ뿪
ʥȴҪŶ࣬ΪҪ֮֮һʥӵ̫ƾõʷ֮ǿ߼٣ȻкҪԭΪַ̤Ĺż
żѾв֪ǿ̤ڴˣҪ̽أȻǸ֪Ǽסļһʲôһִڡ
ʱַ㣬żУվһɽ֮ϣԣ;λ˹ʶĿʹż˳ͶĿ⣬ɨ
ʲôطȻôֲǿߡ£˼ʮ꣬ΪҲ֮磬Щʥɨ֮ʱо𵴡
żʥʳƺһ֮£ӡ˼λµĹ˲ǿǰַӦһ֪𰸣ʱܹ
ܹܵɲͬϢǵʵȻǿɡһ
֮ǰƺϢ׳ˣ͸Ź졣ַ£漴һ̤̼䣬ӰһƬкǰֻǰһ޴Ԩħߣ·żĦ
ޱȵħԨλڶ֮УȻַһ֮󣬶߱飬Ԩֱ֣ģ
Ȼ䣬һɿֲħֱַ㡣
ꡭַſ͵һ£ʱһɿֲĻħסֱӷ
û뵽յСһﾹȻˡԨ֮Уһ·͸ʱգַĶĤ֮С
µʲôڣַԨ֮³һʵѷܹ⣬оȻǿҺܶ࣬ƺܲԷľϢΨħܿ£ħȵǿʢˡ
ܹ⿪ϵļұ㡣˵Ŀ˵ʹַɫһʥЩʥˣ˵ʵǳǿᣬҲܹЩķӡڴˡ
ϵļǺΪҪôܹ⿪ַһ
ǺΪ㲻֪ϵļʵһӡǬֻҪҵԴͷƿӡϵļʱԻõĺôԨУħٶȴַУʹַɫ£Ǭ⵽ǺΪо飬Աʥʳʥ˸Ҫء
ߡַüͷ漴˵ִ;˸ȥɲ֮һƬѩأر⣬ռеĺ·𶼱գ鵽ڱѩֻУһӰ·ǣʱֻ촫ӰƱȻ壬ƺҲûа취㡣
ҿĹȻֻǱɽһǣصżоĳǿڣңȫӡסӡǵˣԲЩʥʳ棬£ҵɽ
ַ˵գгһö漴ѶУɽǰڷ񣿡
ַ㣬¡һʹַɫ£ȻشͨˣԼĻɽʥһͷ棬ھͥɽʥ֪Ҳػַһ棬޷ģĸһὫеε񣬿ˡ
֮пɻãַɽʵ
ָʢأַ㣬һУöл㣬û뵽һ졣
ַԺɽҲЦǱ߻ҵ·ˣԤǰɲ⣬Ҳвƽ飬ΪԵʲæ
֪û㣬ҲܡɽЦ¡
ˣڱʥڵżֵǿĴڱӡ˵¾ǬӦ֪վ嵽ôһ°ɣַɽʵ
Ǳ߳Ĭ£漴ɽȻַ㣬ʵϸܣӦøܵõģֻǣЩ飬㲻ǷѣЩϼһжǳѣǵСʥ޷ǰˣһգȴЩڣϣ̤һεϣһʱֻǷУǰľ絽һΣֻ֪ǣܽǴµĲΡ
ǣַָɫ£ʥʳļУҲһƵĻ
ǣޣǡԴ֮ǳ֮ΪԴ壬ǿߣܹɿռϻԴ֮ѭ׳


2426 
ַɽʥĻΪ𶯣ǱԴ֮Դ壬ѹо޵Ϣֻħ
ԨеħͷħԴ֮ѩ֮еĳ֮ˣȻˮϵԴ壬ǿռϵϵŴԴ塣ַа漴ɽʥѶɽʥôգѵΪǵĴڶսȻǴսûô
ѾĪͷԼҲȫ޶ѹɽеԴ壬ҲһˣûӮңֻܽǿӡú˽٣Ҳ֪йôһʷû뵽һһֱˡ
ˣлַһ漴Ų̤ٶȳԨȥֻ˿̣Ԩ֮⣬ӰϢǿᣬħʥ벽ʥˡ
ô£ħǿ죬·˰㡣ֻһ˿ڵ
ҸоУħıԴаֻһ˵һ
УͲ±ļһɵôղһʹɫһԨħʥϢȷҪǿᡣ
ڴʱĿ⿴ַǣɫһ
Ҳʥһ˶ַ̽ԵʵַϢ޷֪һֿ͸Ĵ
ַ㿴һۣ漴;ңȥȥ
á΢΢ͷ漴ֱַֻӳԨȥʱɫ£˱ʥˣ򲻿ܸ߽ԨС
ڰ޾Ԩַ̤һΣַɱ֪ǿ٣˲Ϣ㷢ħͷԼһ˫ҶԲħ֮û̫Ȥ
˭˵ҷħޡַ㵭˵̼¶һɰصħ֮˻һħأְǾ
ħ֮Դܺáħͷ¶һĨ֮ɫ漴Ȼ죬һ޴ӡȻ䳯ַץ˹ȥ
Դս֪Ρַ㵭Į˵漴һʱͬһԵħӡɱ̼䣬ħķַ㷢֣Էħӡ֮˲ϢԴٶ۶ֻһɲǣֲӡøǿ󣬳ץ˹·𣬽ħԴ֮Ҳˡ
üһַɫ£Ȼ䣬·ֲУһûһеޱȿֲ
Ȼ䣬нħԴ֮û̵ֱַǰ·˺ڶ¿ȥⱾԴ̵ֱ֪ܷ
ħͷɫһ漴ŭһ̼Ĳֹƺов
ؼħĻۣܣʮԨħȫֳ־޴ĸֲ棬ͬڰħ㣬ͱҪжơ
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ַһѹȶ£ȴڰħͷԴ壬ħԴ֮²ܺͶԸͨʥǿһԸ
뵽⣬ַٶȶȻ䱩˲Ϣ뵽Էǰʮħͷͬʱŭͬʱַ㡣
ռ֮жȻ֮⾳ʮħͷĶַ쵽㣬еļ϶͸ʮħͷɱˣҲá
ܿأַ˶Էǰֱһնɱ赲ǰһжҪһն֮֮
һ촫ħͷӰֱӻΪޣ·𱻽նɱ˰㣬Ȼַȴ֣һħͷӰӰڲϵʵ
ʵ壿ַɫ£ħͷȻǷʵ壬ȻǬ֮ܽסɼӡ֮жǿ
𣡡ħٶӣճһµѪڣֱҪһڽ̵ַ
𡣡ַ³һ֣𺣽ħӰȼͬʱȻ䳯ԨϿնȥ棬ɫһâ
Σַʵ
һɱ֪οơַ˵ɫ£ɱ
𣡡ֲХٶ˳µƳַ㡢ԼץַѸٺˣͬʱһĻˣֱնȥԶԴ壬Ȼǳܲס
ַΪƣʵѾԽȫʢʱڵɽҲЩԴ壬ǣȴκβ˶Է
ʱż֮⣬ֻһӰ˸Ӱȫ£ΣмһˣǷǳᣬ磬Ŀ
ڴ˿ֻ̣һָָյĳһӰ֮ϣĿޱȣɫĹ⻪ҫ֮䡣
ߡһаӰ漴ڸλȻ˳ȥʱһ֮䡣
ˡǱסӰŭһ̼䣬ձޱȿµĿռ֮з·ҪֱӽضնȺɱ˹ȥ
ֻаӰƲ·жЩȫס漴뵽ȥͬʱƬ񷣬Ǳס֮Ϊģһµķӡ·ӣܼͬ˲ϢʵԷϣǾ嶼
ǣ𣡡˶Ȼ䷢һµķŭ֮ƬڲȵĲţż
ɱЩˡһµХ˹漴ε̶͸ɱ֮Ϣ
ţżеͻȻ䷢һĻȻ׷̧ͷаӰ֮أͬʱ˸ͷ΢΢ЩľȺƺżľħͷȫҪˡ
Ȼռ·һĻȺ˷棬ǱеӰҲסˡ
ַһҲǱߵսɫɵ£ӡЩˣڼӹ̷ӡѵǺ;Ǭйأ
ˣڣΪ£־ܰɡֻһӰ˵ʹȺͷ˲ʥǿߣȻƺΪˣʵжǿᡣ


2427 ʦ
ӡɣεļһ·֮ϵԴ壬Ҫ鶼ܡ
ڴ˿ֻ̣һаӰͬʱǰӡ֮ԽǿңӰм˸貵Ľɫ⻪ͬʱָԼϿ̻̼䣬ϣ·ҲȻͷӡһԴϡ
˭ǿռϵԴ屻ģŭһо־壬ܺ£Щˣ͵ӡǵĴźܴ֮ǣͬһˣֻˣʵӵĿ¶ѣǵϣǡ
Ӵ֮㽫һ壬ҳɾͿռϵԴԲҡֻ곯ǰпռϵıԴͷӡ֮ⱾԴ֮壬ʦ͸ʽõʦϿɣ£Դ壬
Դ岻ʵŭ𣬳Ϊļ£ģԴǿߣҪõûгɹҪΪ˼ô
⡣ŭһ̼䣬Դ屻һİ룬˳ŷӡŰϵ·ȥȻ䣬뵽˰ڣҪԴ壬ӡȥ
ԴŭȻ·һ̣ϵ뵽Է嵱Уֱ׵ʧΪǰһ֡
ա꿪˵ʱؼķӡʧԴȴȻˣһĻʹΧ˶𾪣Щ˵ķӡ̫֮ˣֱӽԴӡȻڣҪ
Ҳ𣿡һͳ˻صڿգ漴ĹʧԴȥȻղŵһĻǾˣҴŭ꣬򣬿½ֻܲҡ
һаӰķӡʧֻǻعͷɨһۣɫдŵ֮⣬·ڳЩ˵Ĳ
ȺܹоһаӰеĺ壬ȻȴֲΣȶԷȷʵ˺ܶ࣬ңȺˣĳֲǵַӡ֮бܹǵǿ󣬱Ȼǵֵ̼ܹزһʥʩչ֮
ղЩ˳ƺһˣҲľ
½ͨ飬ﵹҲһЩʥ﷢ˣҾһǣʸֵģɣҪӡ꿴ˣƽ˵˻֪ǰסǿʲôڣȻַȴףԴ壬аӰ֮ҪӡΪ˵ȵʱ٣ͽһԴ̵Ϊǵϡ
ǣͷ·ǽЩԴڴˣԼɳҪˣȡҲ޿ռˣȡռϵԴ塣
ҵĻ˵Ĳôǰж˼⣬ЩˣûĻһûʲô
Ȼδİʦ񣬲磬ǶĨɡֻԵһλ˿˵ԵüΪƽƵᣬ·ĨɱΧˣǶԲһ΢㣬ʵҲˣǶԣ½һʥǿߣȷ΢ԼȻٹʾ֮£ȻԼڵĵطж£СʥſõϿɣܹʽ¡
˵Ļ˵Ȼ䱬ˣ뿪Щһǲ𣬶Է̫ſˣʵڣֻܱܿ
ʦ񣿡ַ⼸ɫ£Դ壬ֻǰԼδһЩ˵İʦȷ˸оЩľ
Ƕߡַ;ǶŮʵǿķͻܵ
áŮҲף׷׺ˣ뿪ܿ죬Ƭżռ䣬˺ܶˣˣһЩˣַͬһˣǣϲвߣңǶЩԴܸȤ
ɨżлȻһ⣬ˣԸȫɱ
ǣаӰĻʱŲ̤֮ϣȻ䣬һɿµķӡƬأֻǵֱĴ֮ϵĳλã̼䣬һ޴Բηӡƣؼ޾ķӡ
ţʱַüͷ΢΢£оԼ壬·һεķӡס㣬̧ͷȥеԲηӡޱߣҫĹâż档
ӡһ漴ŭܣȻ·޾ɶȥӡ֮Ҳɱˡ
ַ˹Ƭż˶ַ֣Ҳ˲Ϣֱֲӳַûȥ
Ȼôǿ᣿ַɫ£ͷţȻûܹЩиЩӡ֮ľԽԽࡣ
ǿ£ͬʱ˷ַ㰵һ漴Ȼһͷȥͷֱӱ˺˷顣
ЩԽԽַ壬ַһϣӿ콣Ȼ䣬ŭһ֮ɱһУ·Ҫض˺ͬʱ쵽˼£ýҲ쵽㡣
ַͣƿһȱڣ뵽棬ɨ֮䣬ֹȻеǿ߶ڳܺһĹҫķӡ·Ҳһϵͼ
ĹޱЩóķӡҲǧٹ֣ӵп֪ԺηǿߡַһͬʱЩӰͬĿȻʵҲ


2428 Ϥķӡ
һâ漴졣
£ֱֻӴеιӡ֮ϣͬʱǿҲ׷׳֣ʱһɿµķӡ֮ɨأ͵촫ַ㿴Щסֱ֮ؿռУݵǵ֮С
ţַüͷһ壬ε·жܵһɷӡѹ壬ӰΡ
ˣַҪȻǹɷӡƬռ䣬ƺܹҪӲס
ϡٶһһаӰֺϻ֮з·ӿһ֮ţַ̧ͷһȿķӡ֮ɫӲþǿķӡҪΡ
ϡһȣʱŴӰ淽ֶ
ַȻһŭĮЩ˵ҲĿһУǼԴȦ֮˲Ⱦָ졣
ٶȱַ漴ϣͬӿǿҵʹҪޣ뵽֮ȥ
ַ֮һ̼εļ·֮Уͬʱֻһ̤ͬһ㣬˲Ϣ˰֮⡣
ţһаӰƺ⣬Сʥܹǵַӡ֮ѵ˵ǵķӡô£Ȼȫεķӡһ⣬̺ܹ֣֮ʱһؽϵķӡԽסĵĨɱ
ڴ˿̣Ƿַڲϵĳǿٶȷɿ졣
һаӰâ˵δҲ̫ЩȻҳǽӽ
ַֻͣһָʱշ·Ⱥֻоؼȫħ˻ħֵĵУЩħͷɶ
ǻþסġһʱͷһݣ־Ǹó֮ԴСʥҪСĵˣԴڸԴ֮УǱΪһַǳµıԴΪ˱ԴĲΣܷӵ̫ˣϵıԴֻҪһ˽þ֮Уʤһþ̫ᱻץס
ңЩֻóþһϵԴǿߣ¡
ӡռ䡣Ⱥȵرģֱӳմӡ̼䣬һɿµķӡת֮䣬У漴ǿַĹǵķӡ޷ƿɵ¶Ц
׼֣ɱ￪ڣ˷׷׵ͷǵϣӿһɷǳΣյķӡ
շӡȻɢǵͬʱǰַ
ӡһַӡ֮ͼƺַ֮ϣ̼䣬ַ˵ѸٿήҪ뵽׵״̬С
Ц£Ȼڴ˿̣ȻһɼǿҵΣдʹɫ΢΢һ
Сģӡ걬һ漴طӡֱӽԼ棬ӡԼͬʱһǿҵµĻǿܹ˺ĻĽɨһС
ôܡǿһɱ⽣Ŀ̣ղţɱԷΪֳˣ
þ˲Ϣ˹ǸһֱڶֵĻþУȻþܹ޷ֻˣŻ֪£ΪԼѵģûбþԻ󣬵ʵڻþ棬ػþٷֱ治
ǷӡԼ߷ܣǣǵٶȷ·𱻷ʱٷ·ڱãԷĹ֮ȴ磬ͷʱ򣬽͵촫ֻһλǿ߱˺ɷ飬ɢ
ŭصһ˱ɱ֮һУɱһУȫĹһɲǼ䱬Ȼɣ콻ڣ˲ɱˡ
ˡˡˡȻ䣬з·һبŵķӡ֮ţַȥʹַ屬ˣգһȷӡ֮ţɫ£ⲻǡһô
ޣʾ֮ǰü󣬰֮˵ڣʵԽԽǿѪΪһʵһ֣ߣѪʸˣʹŴȥ꣬ˣʵǳǿ˶ԣʥˣǵˣѪŨȽߣǿȼΪֱһ֣ǿģˣ˵ӡ꣬˷ӡҲ˵ӡʹ˵ӡꡣ
ǰŭһǰŰʦ£ޱҫĿĽʦֱӴһϵԴΪʦ񣬲ҪԼȡ˲ŻнһĻ
ңɽ֮ǰʦ˵񵱷Ժǵ²ǰһôƣǸ׼дһպȻɽŵ˾ͱɱһ½磬δ棬ȥҪЩӳЦ
ϣӿһķӡշ·𶼱޹Ƭأһſ˸оĿģޱȿ¡
ȫǷӡ֮šַĿɨգɫһȷķӡ֮ţǿȲ֪ǿ˶ٱܲͬն¡
ס֡ڴ˿̣һʹַɫ£Ȼ˿ն·ҪӡҲ֪˭ڴȡ
ϸɱŨ
ҵĻô͸ޣֱӡյУʹðüͷ΢΢£˼֮⡣
ôҲˣ


2429 ħʥ
֮漴ƴ֮У΢һȷӡ֮ʧӰ漴ָֻ֮
ʦˡֻ̧ͷеһλӰЦ˵ȴ΢Щ޵ģ֮ǰʦѾоλ״ˣǰλǷǳ𾴣ΪǰλʵǺǿǿֲ
Ψʦ֣΢в磬̤Сʥ֮ʱҪ̣ԣʦΪʦоɣŵлʦ֮УΪ״ӣӣǲôģȻҲôðֻǣϾҲŸţǰ֮ȷʵҪһʦ֣ȵʦеˣ㲻̫Էˡ
е˵ʽʦµʱʵҲҲͼʮѣҿʼ㱻һ̵ֱĴڽˣضǿʦ֮УܹʽʦţΪǿڵµӣˣʦǱȽİģԵΪҲ֪ǰ²ôںȻҲںԷĿ
ַ磬ּˡֻĿתַϣЦ˵
֮ʱַһֱɫ¶һĨŹֵɫСһҲɳľأ
ںǰ֪Էƺһ֮Ȼȴֿ͸ֱˣû˶ԷϢ˴ټ棬ԷȺͬţңΪҪİʦֵܹϵӸղЩ˵ĻЩ˵жԴ壬ǰʦ
ȻַҲΪԷеˣСһôݵУҲǿʵʦǿԵʣɺ츳Ѳ˹ϵ
η⡣ַ¶һĨЦݣ⵽꣬Ȼӵѩ¹ѪĶη⡣
ţ˵̸ɵ£ǣȻʶ
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ַ㣬֣Ҳ˵ԭַ㣬ǵС½֮ˣַҲ
ԭǾʦֵַ㣬һˡͻأڣ¶һĨЦ⣬ַ֣ղ֮£벻Ҫ¡
ַ㿴һۣȻЩǶηͬţҶԷҲˣҲö˵ʲôĵ˵ͷµΪֹ
ã֣˵صļȷʵʦշӡģʦһΪʦ㣬ʦҲ֪ĪҪκСһת˵Ϊδڵַ㣬Ϊ֮ҪŶȡԴ壬ʦӡη⣬Ҳ档
ʦǷħʥַ㿪˵Ҳ֪ʶη⡣
ַ磬Ժٺ̸ηЦ£漴Ŀ⿴İʦѾõڣԴˡ
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ȻʦֿڣҸˣ˷ɽصʦźһȥʦлõ˰ʦͬʱʦߵΣʦǷЩһߣ½ͨ飬鷳ƽ˵η⿴һۣĮĵ㡣
ߡЦ£漴˻֣ʱӰڿգֱȥ֮ϵһâ
ȥӰַֿη⣬漴ֻηַ磬Ҹط˵ɡ
ȥʥʳɣ̸ַ߱㿴Χһۣ漴Ͷηһƶȥ
ַ磬С˻ľ֮ʱұ˴ߣ˽Ҵ֮󣬽̵Уˣڵʦ𡣡η⻺ڣַ˵ͷŶη˵
տʼʦֻǽ̵Уû£ѾΪʦֱлᲽʥʦŽҽˣʦŵУͻƵʥ˵ǰҾ֪ʦǴʦУҲ֪ʦĵжֲ
ǿǧ򣬳֮⣬һЩȻڣΣޱȣֻı죬Ҳַ֡ЦµļʶԶܱȣκ£̫ݡ
˵ǰ㣬ʦųƷħҲСд˵ܷӡħĴߣǰӵ˼Ȼʦܷħǿɵȴ£ֻǹ̵ӣԼ磬ˣʱţ˽ʦĴţ˶֪ħ˭ֻЩϹＶĴ߷
Ȼַͷ΢С˵ķħۣʱСΪѾͨʵˣȴ֪ڷħԣʲôָ
ǵļ磬С磬ǷҲʦ죿ַʵջĺзӡĵطѩ¹ӰӣžǷħΪ
ǵģѩ¹ʦļ磬ңѩ²ѩ£ԭѩ¹ǴһСȣʦ߳ϹʱĩڵǳսУͿ̿ѩ±ʦŽѩ¹ֱӰ˳ӡִһС磬Ǿס磬ңʦҲסԣܶطʦ㼣ηӦ˵Ļӡַ֤ĺܶ룬ǶԵġ
۵ħӡǣػʺ;ĹѵҲǷħΪ棬ʲô飿
Уѩ¹ңΪǷӡ֮ţ
ħѩ¹סַͷͻȻһĿһЩ߹ͨƽΪеʱ䣬ңħΪβԣ
ѩ¹ʼҶϣʦѪַ㿴Ŷηʵ
Ȼʦδش⣬ǣǵģֻǣʦкܶѪҲ̫⣬ֻΪѩ£Żһ˿ҽ츳УҲһʦ𣬲ὫҽȥʦСη˵ʹַ΢΢ͷȷˣһЩѪڶ࣬ǵĸ飬΢΢һ֧ѪûˣҲں
ڶηԣֻΪħмԵ֣˽յ컯


2430 ʧĹ
ʥʳʣַϴιʳָܻʹıҪԸʥñαװַϣǿߣߣӴˣַ֮ʥ֮·ַ㶼֪ʥںη
ͬʱΪʥʳ⣬һֱ͵ʥʳʳǺ޲ʥʳȻַպգֻҪַ㲻ʳҲҶǿߣ½绥ͨϵ֮жǿߣǣʥʳɻǺǰһϾַҲᴫ½Щʳһֱɵ
ַͶη֮ʱʥ˲ϢõϢԳӭһֱǳעַ㣬δʥ֮ĳɾͣʥʳĳɾͣԴǾַѪʥʳע˺ַһ
ַ㡣ʥʵһǿ߿Źַ㣬ϢкβͬѰȻǾỳַʵȻѾ̤һµĲΣǼʮȥǶԻʮ겻̫ãַ㲻ͬļʮ꣬ԿԽܶˡ
ʥʡַ㺬ЦǰʥǼһ
ʥҡҡͷСһҲ֪ȥˣѶûϵҡ
̫ˡַЦ¡
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ѣη⡣
ַ㣬η⣬ǽȥġʥЦ˵ʱһһʳȥ
ʥʣЩʥʲô仯ַʵ
Ȼ仯ܴ󣬸ʳֶڱ䣬Ψʥʳı仯СģϽǿ˺ܶ仯ʥʳܲСģΪǻǴڰյ״̬
գַʡ
ʳʥʳĶԹҲ֪ǱͲῴʥʳκη紵ݶţΨһľֱӶָǶѡʥʿڽ͵
ַ΢΢ͷ漴ʥʵΣԺ󲻻ˡ
ʥʣǲһ֧ʥʳľߵλ˳ȥǰʥǿĻʳһʳԼ֮ʥʳַƽ˵һȻ⵭Įȴʹʥʵͷ΢£ÿĻʳ֮ǰ
ǲһʥʻӦ
˱Уǵˡַ˵ʥַĻЦŵ˵ͷãǵˡ
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Ҳã㡣ʥʶַԸҲ˽һӦһЦַͬη뿪ߣľסĵطɹ̫
η⣬ʦţʲôطַԴмֺ棬ضǿ󵽹ֵĴ˵ħʲôطԼ
ȻĻ㲻ػشҡַ㲹һ
ûʲôҵʦŲʵھͥһЩܴӦö֪һЩġ
ΪҴδľпйصϢַΪ⡣
Ϊ֪֪ܷ񵽴ǵطȴһˣ˼ҲûáηЦ£ҵʦžھͥУһΪӡɽĵطַ磬ӡɽھͥĺδ
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ûߴ֮һʧĹȡη⿴ַĳԾЦ£ʦڵĵط˷ӡɽϵˣǱҪģǵõǵָ
ǰַʵʧĹΪߴ֮һȻҲӵкպڴ˵УʧĹһƬΪĹȣӵǿĴڣħֻֻں⵽ӷ֮ػ֮أգкܶµħֱӡʧĹУ̤߱ɡ
Ȼǰڴ˵޴ӿ֤̤߱ɣ㵹ģܹ뵽ʧĹܻ߳Ȼַȴһ𺳵ϢηʦŷӡɽʧĹС
ķԱΣգֱӵӡɽҵʦŷӡɽʵһƬӡĵطֻ˵һɽһ磬ʦԳ֮ͨӡʧĹ֮С
˰ɣʦҵмֺ档ַ
лĻҴַȥʦſʦһ磬Ȼͬô󣬵ǼΪ
ʦŶǲǰİɣַЦЦ
ܶ˶ǲ֪ģֻзӡɽ֮˲֪ңҪ߳ص÷ӡɽϵС
סַЦŵ
ʥʳ֮⣬һǿϢһӰ̤պգֱӲʥʳ֮Уǰ赲ЦλС
Цʥʳҵȹв֮٣Ҫ˵ҲʥʳֻΪ֮һǰУ֮ˡ
ʥˣԶһЩҪ׷֮ͣȻԭһͻʳˣʥʶˣѹԵ
ʥʱʥʸմʥʳС
ãţʳ֮һɲӭʥʼ
ǣʥʡΧ˻Ӧһа뵽ַʥʳʲôҪ𣬾Ȼټ֮ǰ
ַ㲻ôںδأʥ֮أǰվλʥʵ
ȷó֮ʱԻˡʥЦŻӦŶһַ㶼֪ġ
ǶӦ뵽ˣȴ֣Ǻ˼ʥЩá
ˣʥʿֱַ㡣ʥֻЦţƸַ㣬ţ棬һӰȻ֪ͨ˳ȥЩʳ֮Լˣ


2431 ȴ
ʥʳ֮ͻأʥʳ˳ȥЩʳ֮ʹ֮˵ߣȻȴĴһƼɵ֮ģǻ룬Ϊַ˷ֱ˴ʥʳڶֱ´ַ㣬Ҫʥʳټǡ
ΪַķͿЩӣʵʵˣ٣ҲҪһ֮̽󣬱ֵòôΪˣһΪûӵ飬ԣҪԼһЩ
ʥʣַ㣬ʲô˼˿̣յػʳʥһ
Ȼλ֮ϵʥʴ˿̷ԵõȻ࣬Ŀ⿴Χǿߣ¶һĨƽЦ⣬ַ㵹ûв´Щ֮һˣȻҲַйأ˵ʥټǣ±㲻ˡ
ʥĪҪżѾǵһˣλβܾ磬һĪǣλļΪôʥЦ˵ַ㲻֣Щ˿ûף֪ʲô
˿ֻ̣һǵӰ˵ʥʣδѧԺǰҪڴ˵ȴô
ʥĿתߣϼһѧԺԺǸϹˣѧԺϼһҲӵһֱǷǳģڣַȣȻвˬ
ַȥλλ벻⣬˿ַûг֣ҲɣλԸȱȣǲԸ⣬Ҫ뿪Ҳûǿ󡣡ʥƽ˵ţʹɫѿȻȴƿԣֻ룬㣬߲Ҳ㣬ԸȾ͵ȣԸͿ͡
ʥʵ̬ȣȻԼ˸ߵλãЩ˲ߣǱϾǷǷҲû˭йŭ𣬶ѹţַû㹻סǣǱҪʥʳÿˡ
ΪλѹѹáʥʼЦŵƼϣ飬Щ˶Щɲû̫Ȥ
һȣϦ䣬ɫڣȺɫԽĮţȻɫȴ׵ĺܶǿڵͷƾơ
ʥʶЩˣַ㾹Ȼ֣ô᲻̫Щ
λʧһ¡ʥվȻ뿪ȺעȥӦȥַ˰ɣǱٵһȡ
ʥʵȷַˣַͶηԺţû㣬ͬʱߵϢӡñ˵ǰڵĺܣ˿֪ЩжѾڷŭıԵ
ַ㡣ʥԺ⺰һ
ʥʣֱӽɡַ㺬Ц˵漴㿴ʥ˽ַеǣɵΪƵĵʥʳԼȻʳ֮ˣǷҪȥһ棿
Ϊʱ硣ַЦŵ
Ϊʱ磿ʥɫһصЩһƶѾŭˣǵȣ¡
ģŭΣ߱߾ǡַЦţƵᣬ·ûʲô㣬ʹʥԽ͸
ַ㣬ôҽһ£ʲô㣿ʥҡͷЦ
ʥʡַϴһ֮ɻǵã
һָ֮ʹʳ룬ҪԸʥܹ߽£Ǿһ亹
Ͷˣңﶼ޷⣬ʥҲǰӿ۲ǶһЩɵʱʥʳ㣬ʥοַʵ
ʵʥʵͷ
˵ίȫҪǺƽ棬ڿôַʡ
ûпܡ
ԣϴһûǾ͸ҶҶʥΣҲøʥ̵ýѵˣ٣ҪʥҼסˣҪǡַ㵭˵ַʥ漴Цŵ˵ͷãЩǱû̫ԹǷŭȥδã
Ƿŭкθɣٻû˸ʥʳ֣ȥұˡַЦ£ЩгԹģҲһ
Ȼ⣬ұ㲻ٹˡʥ뿪ߡ
ʷһĨףʥʳľһƬţѹֵЩ£ַ㣬һ춼ûг֣Щʳ֮Ӳһû˳һ̫ˡ
ʥʣǹʥĴôʥʵ
Ҳһޣ˵ˣȥԸûǿ󡣡ʥƽĵ
ֻ꣡ʥʵϣʱǰľ飬ˮһأֻɫλǷˣ
˻һۣһʱû˽ӿڡ
λӦҲ˰ɣʥʳ棬˿Ѿ֪жڿһʱ䣬ǣ۽ʥĿ⣬ܿ죬飬ᴫʥǣĴôȥʥٶ˵ɫѿǵȻ֣һҹ֮䣬ʥʳ֮˺ܶˣʳ֮ʥʳܲʥĺ䶯
ͬʥʵĻ뿪ˡĮʳʥ˵
λȥȥǣαضԣǡ˿ֻ̣һЦǹʳӿˣʹλʥɫһ
ߣӺǡʥ䵭˵漴һڿն𣬳ʥʳ֮ȥ
棬Ŀ⿴ʥʣʱ۷׷ףʥˣǵȲˣϾַгԹܲ衣
λţҾͲˡʥ̤ʥʳһӣŭ˸뿪
ʥȥ֮ʥʣҲˣ˸ģվҲֹĵȴȥˣ뿪ʥʳһµľ磬ʹʥˣַ֪ôģҲˣʥʳǺ˼
ΪƽϢ֮ڵ죬ʥػʳ֮һֲľ޽٣޸ߴＸʮףƾܽ˻ļ̤ôֱӲػʳУݻһнȻȴɱһˣ˼ĿֻţػʳǿϮޣȴûܹܵס޵һƣһ˦ȥȥ˰
ֱӾҵʥʣ˫޴ͫµĿ
ʥǰػʳ¡ʥʶ˶Էʲôڣɫޱѿ
ǾûлشֻһϢѹʥʵϣ漴һƳ˦˳ȥʥҪ㣬ȴ㲻˦ÿѪ۷Ρ


2432 ˷ȥ
ǰΪΡʥǰʥޣֱӳ嵽ػʳҡ
³һڴûлش𣬼̤Ŵأʹôزϱ飬ֻǾ޴İٶȺݺݵ˦ʥҪ㣬ȴѹŵǹŲ¡һʥʵֱӱǽڵУѪ³Ȼ˲Ϣ˳ȥ
䡢䡢䡭
һδΰ˦£ʳ˶ˣǿˣޣŰʥʵ
ʳʥʣ
ٶ³һѪˮʥʵ񱼶ߣ뿪ػʳʳ֣ܿԵֻѣţ̤
ΪʲôʥȫĹͷ飬Ӷݣÿһʱᷢ־޻׷һ£һֱ˦ϣһ޽ֱӴԴϼ̤£裬ʥʴûиܹζҪˣ˼ʲô
ַ㣿ʥ˼ţĪΪǴûеַ֣ǷַѣѵҪȵɣ
ͻʳˡʥʵĿת漴ԶӰһһС֮ʱ˲ɫҰףʥʣԼһޡ
Ȼִ
ʥʡʥʴһɫ԰ֽʥҲԼͬ飬и𺳣Ժͷ
ߣȥʥʳֻܾǡʥͻȻʶˣʥʴ
ȥʥʳʥʺôһʳ֮գ˶ˡʥʱߵĺɼŰöҡ
ҲһҺްʥҲᣬλʥ˿֮ͬС
ǵ忪ʼʥʳķ˸·ϣһδαŰĵУȵصףλʥǳû˰Ƣͷ棬òһѱǵһģ·˶ˣλ߸ϵʥ޸Űˣ˺ģʹᣬòңͬ飬⻹ʥ
ʥʳǵʥʳˡʥʿʥʳʱ·𿴵ϣ㣬˫۷Ź⣬ڲñ޲ȵصȥǾ޵ĳŲϣһָоҽı̤ˡ
䣡ʥʺʥʵҪʥʳȴֱײһ͸ĹĻ֮ϣɫȻ԰ֽ¡¡첻ϣ޽ӽˡ
Ƿӡʥɫ԰ףŷӡʥʵʥʣǽȥ
ʥʲ뿪ôʲôʥʵ˵
ԼԼʥʲЦЦȻĻ£̧ͷ㿴һֻڳľ޽ֱӲ̤£ɫ˲ϢҰףҪ˸ȴǹˣ¡һʥһα˾޵Ľ£ζ
ýĦĦ漴ƿֻʥʵɫһһףʥʣʥʣĳ֪ˣԼǽȥɡ
ȥ֮Ҳٰ첻ȥɢˣʥʳٽӴǸʥʵ˵ʹʥɫҰס
ٶȼ̤£ʥʵϥѹһʥֱӹ˵ϡ
ʥʲôʥҿɳִܲˣұȥַ˵һʥ̾Ϣ˵ʹʥɱĶˣ¾ַָʹġ
˵ĻлˡʥվȻȴʥʽŲȴֺֻЦĿʹʥɫҰף·ʶʲô㡣
ʲôᣬַΪʥʳ
Ҳ򣬿ЩҲɲҡʥԼĴб̾ʵпʵɱʥַҪѪϴ֮ܣַҪʳҲû취ֻ͵
ַ㣬ȵһ졣ʥŭȥԽַ㣬룬ֻеַַһʥʳĩա
ˣ
ʥʣ˵ͻʳһۣб̾漴ҲˣǺַĶԹַûжǵĻʳн𣬶ԵķʽǣΪʥʳ
һգʥʳ֣ʥ£ѧԺ֮ڰҪݼַ㣬ǿĴڶˣǣȴַ涼ûм
ʥַԺ䣬̧ͷȥԺлصַʥʣ⼸ʥұʥʳأдֱǣַˡ
ַĻȴûټַˣôˣϢ
㵹ߵѣ滹һȺǵأ̯ӾôӸôʥʿЦҡͷַһû˼Щ棬ַУЩˣʵֻҪԸ⣬һһܸûУֻʥһ̵ļ䣬Ǽסʥʳ
ַ㣬ûгֹ
ַ㣬㣬;漣ġʥãףһ漴ת˲Ϣ棬ǹɷӡѾʧ̧ͷ񷣬ǿʥֻǰ벽ʥµ˸ղŸʥʳ
ַ˵ˣǣ߰ɡʥʻ˻֣Ⱥ˵
ȻЩȴŵɫ԰ףֻƢѧԺƶ˲ΡΡĵʥʣæ¡
ԣʥʣͨ¡ʥʿĿʥʣ·оǾ޵Ľʱٶ̤ϰ㡣
ʥʺգЩޣλʥǰʥʳɡ
ǻ֮Щʥͷ漴С˸ʥʳ֮С
ˣλȥɡʥʼһʱЩʥʵģ
ġʥʵͷ
лʥʵ˲Ϣ漴תȥٶȷ·û˶Ҫ죬Ŀ֮£ǵѾ׶ˣתǵ˲亮â˸ʥҲףȻҲˣǼʥɱʥʳǧ̫ƽˣǧַ꣬ᵽʲôأ


2433 
ͥƮ磬ɽ͹ŵµţһٲӾ֮£ɽϵĹŵ֮׳η
ʱַУ˳ͶĿ⣬ɫ΢£Цкַʦܡ
ַҲЦŻӦ˵Ϊ˺ܴĲȻʵ˽Ӵ࣬һֱӴ֮ˣֻԤ߶ѡ
ַ㣬ˡһλ·ַԣЦŵ
ˡַЦ£ȴ֪ԷǺˣȴϵǣַ㳯һµٲȥٲۣ֮һʥӰվ·Ѿ˶꣬һ̣Ƕ˵գ¶һĨЦݡ
顣ַ㿴ǰӰ΢˲Ϣٲ֮ϣվߣ˫֣΢м㲵գ¶º͵Ц⣺ɵѾͷ
ЦЦû˵Դ΢΢бַϣ΢Щ
Ժ׼뿪ôˡ˵ʹַЩھΣ˵ͷԺһߡ
˵ģ̇ͷַЦ¡
ַͷһʯ֮ϣԶ羰
ǼһϢûַһ
ûҲ֪ȥˣ㵱Ƣһԡ
ȻϵˡַЦ¡
㲻ڵЩ꣬Ƿ˲ٴ飬ңԽԽ࣬ңǰڵûԼԵǿʼӶƿȨˡ
̫ƽʱ䲻ֵȻݲͬӰεĵ綨ģȻԴԼԴӼңҪһЩؾ߱أͬʱȡĵɸõĿ浮ķչȻΪҡ
ַȫܹ⣬һǣƣζеԴƣ浮һЩʱƿأһʱ佫֮Լ£صһʱĲǧսǳϦ֮£Ҳóʮ־
˵ҵǻһҪǣǰƶһˣʮһȣÿʮ꣬һεӣǺĵӣ֮֮˶κһ綼лᣬʦֺֻλѾĪϧһΣǿ»Ҫԣĵӻᡣ
ַһĨʣЦʦֺ;Īϧˣ
ϴҪ㣬֪㲻бҲû֪ͨ㡣˵ͷ
ǿɻáַЦŵ
ܺãܼˡЦŵ
ԣܼˡַ˵ͷ漴ǣֵߣҴȥһط
Щ棬ֳַֻŹŵȥ˲Уַһӣʱϳһš
ǽȥַǰ̤Ϲâ˸漴˵Ӱֱʧһ̣ǳ޾ǿ֮Уǰĳ΢Щסˣǿ磬ⲻַ硣
鿴ַ㡣
硣ַЦŵ飬ϢЩȥ˽ĹӦ֪Ĺżǿ磬һλ鴴硣
ĹгżѾܶ˴Ĺ߳ǿߣѲˣû뵽㾹Ȼõ硣鿴ַ¶һĨЦ⣬ζַ㣬ˡ
ߣкܶõطҶ֪áַ˸һ̣ǿչŵǰмţַ鲽һȵţ̼䣬һ貵Ĳϣֲĸо
⣬ȫʥ
鿴ŵʥɵЩͣЩʥڷ룬Ϊȫǹꪡ󸫡ޡס«յĿѣԣֱƱ⡣
Щǰռʥ꣬ʥ֮࣬ģǾƷŵеʥƷʥеļƷ⼸УƷʥƷʥʥֻܽţҴȥڶſ
ַ˵漴һźĹŵǿĲʥɺܶ࣬ĿЩֻ飬ʦûиߣνƥʦܶöҲû̫߼𣬷򣬻ʦǴ
飬Ҫʲôѡַ㿴΢ЦκһУܺ
黹Щʦֵʵǿ󣬵ȵǶһΣַǶһ¥
ҵľʥļѡһʥɣ㵣ҡ΢Цŵ
ķʥѡһȵ̤ʥ磬ѡһʥŸȫЩַ΢ЦŵҪܹݾֻϣܰñУı㽻Լ
ѡһʵļ¡һʥǷܵʥһʥͻȻֹҲˡ
ҲңǼҲɣҲ͸͸ɡ鿴ַЦ
ʱᵽԼ翴ǣҵܻԽԽˣҲвٶϲƽ磬͸ΣգһԼַЦ˵
ǵá˵ͷ
ߣٴȥ֮ءַǣ飬˸ǳ
飬ǳܰ޸ͻʥаһʱɡַ˵
ãҲʥͲİɡַһۣһЦ漴㿴鲽УַһǰҲ֮أָʥ֮ͨսַжֱԴ׼ٴһԼս٣ԼСʥһܹң


2434 
ַ㲽ǳУ̼䣬о˶һ⾳֣·𣬽һƬصؾ֮С
һƬڰûй⣬ַ·ʲôκȻҲڴ˿̣һȻ֣·˿ռ䡣
ţڶ⡢⡭ⲻϵֱ֣⣬·ǳ˵ĺ財
һ⾳ַɫ£ǳâܻ̣˸еΪĲ
ȻʱԵǳâʧռ䣬ٶȻָԭʼİûһָо˺ܲңá
ַϥģȻָսǳ㹻ȥ⾳
ˡͻأ䣬˲Ϣ𣬴̵ַ۾оһʹֱӱˣ̫ǿҫĿӺڰǿĹâֻһɲǣûмĻʱ䣬ָо޷
һǻڶ⾳Ǳһ˲佫ȫַ֮ͬ૵ֻռ⾳ٶȱ仯ǳԴΪֲܻͬ⾳ܻ˺ܾãַڿ⾳һһָ
һָ·һɲǼ䴩͸ʱգ̺޾貵Ĺ·һǳ֮⣬ֿ̺»ǻһɲǣƬΨʣһָˣһ˲ϢȻʧɫΧĹâ˹һָ۵ǳ֮⣬Դ͸һˣһָ֮£Ӳˡ
ִַͣһʱ·𱻴̴˰㣬ͷ˿˿亹۾оԴ͸ˡ
һָõǳıԴȴ·𽫹ͿռıԴó˰㣬һܻ̫ˡַаһȻҲǳǿûнԴõô
ָҵһַаĸʼٶȽ֮ɢ飬ܹĹ
ַֽƬǳţвͬ⾳ЩֱԺʥִַ۽ĸоû뵽Դʥõֵز̫ˣҲȫУĸ
ʱ䣬ָͬһӼ䣬ַ߳ǳ硣
оΣַʵ
룬ٴʥһ硣ӦһЦأȻҲнɡ
Ҫǰ֮ȻٸԼıԴȥʺԴʥַЦŵȷоܴ
йʥǾװɡ
ҿһʥֱַͨ·ܹժǳ޷赲̫ˡַֹ̾ӰӣӾһλǿϿ֮ǳµ⾳ˡ
ַ㣬ˡڴ˿ֻ̣һʹַɫһͣ漴ЦȥԤǰ
˵ͷַŲ̤ܿ죬һŵУһƬǿ硣
ǰַԤߺ
̤Ĺʧټʮ֮꣬Сʥ֮ĳɳٶȣ˾̾Ԥ߶ַЦҲ𽾰ҵʱʼƺӿ˺ܶпֲˣҾͷ˺üٶȿµС
ףľأٶȷǴҪˣҪգߵһַǰƽ˵
ˣ̫ƽʱĻǶԵģʱͬٶȺҪ˼츳㣬ֻҪһ߾磬пܽսᣬ⶯ҵɳٶȲ˾ǻ𡣡Ԥ߻ԵΪأʹַͷȻ
ڵľˣַʵ
ܻң޷֮ƺܽţÿ졢ÿ궼ڱ仯Щ޹أַ㣬ϣ̵ʱ̤ܵ뵽ʥ磬ȻҲϣղ֮֮ǰ㲻ֱӲ֮
ʥʸҾôַЦ¡
ԣ²ǵ۾мʥҪǳʥСʥΨдʥܹʼƿһľƣԾϾǿУڻûеǲΣ˵ĻǾսʱˣϾǳ˾Ҳʼյˣ֪ζʲô𣡡
ζžĸ֣ܻ᳹׸ı䣬ӭһϹ֮ս
ԣҲδˣὫεĶֻսΪ֮սѾᵽսϢˣϾ˾ǶǱл쳾Ϊ׷翷·Ѿڵ񾳣񣬵ٻˣҲ˾ơ
ַΪȻĵͷⳡעСˣ·ڻ֮սĻ
֮Щ㶼Ҫܣ뵽սУҲַݣǻȥ룬ȰٸҪʥʱԻõ㡣
סַ˵ͷ
ҲѹˣԼӦȥ֮ǰɣѻˡԤ߶ַЦ
ʦֻˡַɫ΢лΪĵô
ԤЦŵ˵ͷʹַɫһϲ漴Ƕȥ
뿪ַ㳯¿յ֮Ƕȥֲɢ˲Ϣ˿ֲʹò˶ͷ΢Ȼо˱һɿ֡
ֺ;ĪϧҲоˣɵ̧ͷֻֿڵǿ֮֮ˡ
֮ǵ˶֮ˡĪϧЦŵ
ֻɡһЦȻڴ˿̣һʦ֣Īϧ
ַ㡣ɫȻһʣ̧ͷȥַֻӰвɵö¶һĨЦݡ
Ƕһˡַ̤ڵϣЦ˿̵ĺ˫ͫޱȣ͸żɣܹ˵񶼾Уܹ죬ĪϧϣǹϢ˸оһƺ⣬ҿ
Һ;ĪϧһǴҿЩɥȪþĪϧ֡Цŵ
ɱô˵ʱҵòȥҲøǴεļҲһΪĪϧЦ
ô̵ʱ䣬˶̤ʥáַЦŵ
ʲôĲ࣬Ǹ˰ɣھʱ򣬻ͬһ̨Ƕ޷վһˡĪϧоղַɵôȤ


2435 ֻؼ˾
ַ㿴žĪϧҡͷЦм˴ǰ֮ǣ˵Ϊ˿˰ɣο˾ô£
˴εĿΪҶƶÿʮһ֣պĵӣ󾳽֮˶лᣬ˵ÿһ綼вͬĿ˷ȻǳѣǾΪϣܹлһΪĪϧЦ˵ϴξʵԲһ˴λѵãϣܹץס
ΪѽӴΣֻɹɫأĵ
뿼˻ж೤ʱ䣿ַʵ
ʮ졣ֻӦ
ȴȥһطҲʵЩַЦ
ֺ;ĪϧΪ棬˵ͷ漴ңΣַźֺ;Īϧ̤ǳ磬ʦֺ;ĪϧõѣַϣܹʵͬʱǸѡһƷʥ˵ʥΪѾܹƷʥļˡ
֮٣ֺ;Īϧǿ磬Ǻַһ֮ǵһóǱУַͬС̤֮ǰ㣬ʵʵ·ʵĳǱֺ;Īϧ˴˳ǱַԤһһɽ֮¿ȥܹ̽ǱеһС
ǰǣַĿɨһɽ壬һƯµľٲ֮ϣмλ˱ĿԣˣĿⶼ¿յĳǱ
鿼֮ˣѡĵӣַ㣬Ը⣬пص˵ĻҲԽΪµӡԤЦ
һǲӵˡַҡҡͷоԼľҪ֮ϣʺϽ̵ӡ
˿ʼˡԤߵһַĿ˲Ϣֺ;Īϧڵķλ˺һгʥǿ߷ͬһƬһĶУĵ·ǳ᫣һЩŵӣǣعˣҪǵİأͨĿˡ
ЩҲǳʥΪɣôڰҪ߹ȥɲסַ˵
ҪΪȻסԤЦ˵
֡Īϧһ˿ʼأʯеʯʵϵĲʥ䲻飬Ҫȡɸܡ
һֵ趨ÿҪͨʯߣٻ˴ءԤߺЦ˵ܿ죬ֱ˵һأһս˲Ϣֽնֻأ£ǰ·սû˺һ֣ԷʵǿȻҪֻؽԷᡣ
ʦǸսӡԤЦ˵
ʦֻδ̤ʾ֮ʱԲħΪʣʦٷ磬Ȼսδı䣬ʤַЦ˵ֵĶʵǿȻȫƴܴҲҪԷֻصս֮˭Һܿ죬
ĪϧҲԼĶ֣ս֮ΪֱӡöԷ壬·ǴݲȻ󹥻֡
ڤ壬ڤ緶ˡԤЦŵͬˣʤҲɱһľ
Щع֮ʵǿ󣬷Ҳûôַͨ㿪ڵ
ѵָĺСʥعأ̫ƽϾǻδΪģսֻǿ֮һֻҪ֮ͨҪǵ־ǵ֮ġ
һֵսֺ;Īϧ˲СĴۣǶͨˡ
ʦƺһսʥܹܻȻǿַ㿪ڵ
ҲˣûսʥֹӰӡԤ˫񣬲μӴ˴ο˵ĳʥжʮˣǴ֮ǵԼǿߣպĵӲŷ׷׸ʥ֮²μӿ˵˾ԶʥĶˣͨʯ߿˵ģֻʮˡ
ֺ;ĪϧǰߣһƬԻַ֮Ҳ֪ǻһֿˡ
ǻ٣һֿ˺ѡǳѣǱһִַУִʱΨмǰлͨȻҲпܵشɥ
ôֲַɫһ
ǵ־̶ֳܵˣ츳ս츳ɼȻ־Ψͨ˲ܿóԤ߻˵·Ի֮Уʲôûг֣Ȼַ֪˿ǱȻѾھǱѰĻ档
ʱȥֻһ˷ƺߣ漴³һѪɫ԰ףʹַͷ΢΢£ܴˡ
ܿ죬ڶܴת˺뿪Ƭռ䣬ֱӷˡ
ʱȥʮˣ˻˳ʣ˻ڼ֡
ȻѡַĿһȻʱ£ֵֻĽŲǰ˳ȥһֵĹĻںֵϣȻֻ֮һֻ֮⣬·Ӱ
ʲôַɫ£ܹ⻪ƣ·һֻس֡
üһħ֮ˣ־ǿ㹻̶ȣԸ츳ԳʡԤ磬˸žâٲ֮ϣһλ߻ȻźֵӰˣҪΪӡ
Ա߼λ˷׷׵ͷû˺Ԥɫһϲַ㣬ʦֳΪעˣңӵдԵ
ǰǺˣַʵ
ʮû¶Ԫϼ˾˳ֻؼ˾ʮǰϾˣǾңܳΪĵӣ˴컯ԤЦ˵Ӧףϣζʲô
ֻؼ˾ںļ౾Դɾϣַʵ
ֻ裬ԳϡԤߺЦ˵ַͷ¶Ц⣬û뵽ʦ
ڶңʣֵĿѾûˣ֮·Ȼ˳Ԥ˵գֹֻȻ߳Ǳ֮УĿ⿴Ⱥ¶һĨɻɫ
ʦ֣ϲַźִ˿ֻ̺ãȻ⣬ֻ֪òһˡ
ֻؼ˾նźֿڵĿ⿴ȴַ㴫ʦ֣Ͼǿߣȥɡ
һ漴ߵǰ΢΢ְݼǰ
ԸҵӣźֺЦʵ
ɫһͣ漴ʦλʦ֮ʦ׿ϣҲǰΪʦ
ַɫ£¶һĨɫ漴¶һĨЦ⣬ʦյĺʦ֡
ãҾɲʦܿɹ󣬸߰ɣҲǿ㡣ֻؼ˾оЩƣͽȻܾˣƷУȷʵϲ
лǰֹ漴ַһֻۣͬؼ˾̤֮С


2436 ֧Ԯ
ֺĵӵĿˣգڳʥһΣֻͨ˿ˣ֮ͨ󲻾ãĪϧҲƾǲɽļʹ˿飬ӮԤߵһ̾Ժֺ;Īϧֲ֮ͬˣַħĪϧȣ־ǼΪ͡
ĪϧһҲУȴûкôˣϾļ˾ΪӣǱʥߴУʥĲΣÿһ֮Ĳ̫ˣʥʹʥĲǿֲģ˼Ǵ￴ǣҲһΪ֮¡
۾ڶ࣬ʱҪһЩҲᳬʮܹΪĵӡԤ߿ŵ۾Ŀˣһ
Щμӿ֮ˣ֮ǵڽܳͨĸôͣʮ꣬Ҳʮ˶ѣѶ̫ˡַ
ھͥԣʮ̫ݣǾңҲһһĻᡣԤЦ£ַ΢΢ͷ־磬ʱʮҲǱչһζѣЩǿˣһαչǧꡣ
ַ㣬ͥǣͬʱΪѹҪȡǳصƿȨѾǲλʥǿǰأȻԷҲӽ˴ʥ⣬ǲһ֧µλʥʮλСʥʮλ벽ʥˣ۾ǿ߸һ֧ţҪ´ǡ
һǣǲôֲַɫһ֣ҲǾ˵ģңֻһǣضͬʱݣַҲζҵĿ£ǽʥﶼٻ׼ⳡĴսˡ
ǵģڷǳʱڣѾڲͬʱҲˣǰ֮ǣȻܱҲǿûʵԵĿƣڲͬˣѾʼԸͳǳؽֱӿˣͨƳеĴǺšһɣֱƿ֡
ǣһǷĳǳأλôм㣬ڵŵĳǳأ߳ܶ߳ƵӣһЩҲǳǿˣϣƿУܱȥܱ
Ԥ߻˵ţʹַƺЩ֮Ͼ˴ζңѾһǶҪĵزˣһڵսһĶֵͬʱ׳ⳡмֵ
ǰлܷԸַ㿪ڵ
֣Щˣǿ⣬ӣȫٻأǲȥԴϹʱĩ֮ûĵȫٻأˣɲԤ߶ַϴҲ˵Ͼ˲սʱڲ֣ǳˣ¾ǶʱĩˣڵᣬҪԴʥΪϣɳһ硣
ʥƿؾƣս⾳ˣǣǵĴʥƣСʥͳʥԳԿҪ㣬ݣǰ󣬵ȵλΪĵӵļһﾭһ֮ʹһǰ֧Ԯǡ
û⣬ֻǣʦֺ;ĪϧҪ೤ʱ䣬ǱǷ֧ŵסַӦ
⵹õģ֮ûмʱǽ˵ģңǱΪͶԷӲĺôܹһЩʱ䣬ֱܣǣǽϱԷʴǵʱѣǳּԷʥǿߣöԷܻᶼûеˣԷʥǿʤƽбǵȡ
סַ΢΢ͷʥֲΣܹսʤһܻɱս༫󣬲ƳһֶΣɱ֡
Ȼȥɣȵ׼ˣһ֪ͨ㡣
áַ˵ͷ漴뿪ߣԼȥԤ£ͳϽսϾһǲµģǰܶУַ룬߼ʵǿЩϾϹô»治˵
ʱַҲδȥǰУϣܹմ׾һΣתۼһʱȥԤҵַ㣬ͷ棬һط֡Īϧ˶ڡ
Ҳȥôַ㿴Щ۾ǿߣҲϴͨ˵ġ
ȳΪĵӣþһЩˣ㽫ǴǣȻ󽻸ҶʥᰲšԤ߿ڵ
áַ˵ͷźԼĪϧѶʦ֡ĪϧңֻǰԺǳƺľ־С
ɫһͣ˲Ϣ˹ַعݳȥܿĴɱȻô
ǵĵͼѾ㣬ȥɡԤߵĵ
áַ˻֣ǰһҳŷҹŷǱеһٶƷʥǳʺϡ
ǳַһһ̤Ϲŷֱƿնȥ˲ϢûӰԤ߿ַȥ΢Ц£Ҷܰľôˣϣúַ㣬´ǡ
ǣ޾һڴУʥ壬УҶ֮һȻ˿̵ҶȴǲƲֻʣһƬ棬⵽ƻ
Ҷ壿һҳ֮ϣһɫӲ¿յķ档
дԤ߸ҵͼϱǵģܳˡַڴ˿ֻ̣һӰŷ̧ͷǣ
ǺˣַȻ俴ˣɫ
ʶü֮йâҫ֮ͬǳʹַĿ£ӡ
ַǵü֮ͬҫʱ΢΢ͷǰ֧ԮİɣҶ屻Ϯˣ
ַ˵˵ͷԣַֻʵΣ
ֱս֪ĴߣûжֱӳȫɱӦ뿪Ȼʧܲңλʥ䣬֮˲أҶ帲𣬺ܲҡ
ַȫϮҶ壬ȷܲҡ
ҶλΣ
ˣ޲ɱˣǾȻҶ嶼Źǰ֮Ҳ֮أûǡ
ɱӺַɫսѾ̶ֲܻ̳ˣӹĹʥ嶼ֱ


2437 
ǿ֮ԻפҶ壬ΪҶһĺĵӣҶȻ׽ȴ뵼˶ˣѾĹʥ嶯ˣΪ˾ʥĪҪϹϵ
Ҷ屻ʱַѾ·ˣߵǿҲ֪ǲһ߰нӦһЩʱ̣ǽӦ֮˽ַ˴һͨĴԺУ⿴ȥԺӼΪƽעĿʹַ㰵̾ѡ
ֻһӰַǵĿ漴¶һĨʧɫֻһ꿪ڵֻЩ𣿡
ַɫһͣһֻλʥлλ벽ʥˣѹֶԷʧƺı䲻ս֣˵Ťתˡ
Ҳ֪ѹܴǲǿ߶ɳȥˣֻ˹ַӦ˵
ҲգȥҶʥͳɡתʱڣǶǰߵĴʥƺʥͳ죬Ҷʥһսߵͳ
ַԺһµڣֻǰкüӰվǣΪ֮һɾˬ꣬Ŀַϣʵľ֣
Ҷʥͳ졣ַ΢΢ͷ
ȥ񡣡ҶŴַǽ˵Ŀ⿴Ⱥ۾ǿߡ
á˵ͷ˳ȥЩ۾ǿ߷ȥˡ
ҶҵҲˣľƶǼΪʱȫ߹ϮͼǳĨɱһǱǵ֮ˡҶַ㿪ڵʱҺοҲҪ׼ⳡսۣΣա
˽⡣ַ΢΢ͷಫսҶʥͳ죬ߣʣʥǿߣ
ʥɣûˣˣСʥˡ벽ʥˣʮˣңǼ֮󡣡Ҷʥ˶ַ
ԷϣʥˡСʥʮˡ벽ʥʮб仯
Уǿ˼ʥ壬ǼʥѾΪṩһЩǿߣֱӲ뵽սҶʥ˼˵ûм٣ˡ
ˡַ΢΢ͷƣ̫վˡ
Ԥǰľ˳粻ǲһֻҶԱߣһλˬŮӣƤ࣬ȻȴһףԵӢ˻ʱȴΪƣ֪Ԯڴȴֻˡ
Ī꣬Ǳߵ㲻ǲ˽⣬αرԹˣľǣҽ㣬ȰϤһơҶʥŮ˵ʹĪ΢΢ͷƣҲ֪Ҳѡ
ĪַԱߣһâ˸ĽɫͼȻǵķֲͼ
ľ֣ڣλáĪָһ䣬ַǵʹַ㼸аݣȵˡ
ľݵ㣬кҡҡƾŸݵ㣬ǵˣ⣬۾ǿߣֲܷڴȫǵκһ䣬һߡΪ׼
ݽСͼƺѾռݣĴǺ嫣ɺܷɢɡַ㿪ڵ
ھŴݵ㣬Ѿֱ˿ռ䴫󣬿˲شͬʱдĿռ˼ǷɢھŴݵ㣬ҲڼݵʱϣͻҲûãǿֱӣȻһϡĪ꿪ڵ
棬ѹˡĪϧһ£ȷѲ
ҲԣһЩʱ䣬ȥһַ㿪˵
ƴĪ꿴ַ㡣
ᡣַ˵ͷ裬Ȼ⣬ңҲóռϵıԴξԲ
ǸϢĻ㱻סֻҪڶԷռ֮ǰ߾Ͳ£ǺͶԷս֮£һҪռ䣬Էȶٹ۲졣
ѹֻ˾ˡַа漴ĪǶסַ㰲˺üֱУ˲Ŷоһ˿֮⣬ܾûָоˣĻɲתս֡
Īַ꣬Ī
Īɫ£漴ߵǽɫͼǰַָָĺңʮλСʥŴݵ㣬ÿһݵӦСʥңǰȥһݵ
ȫϮĻֻҪһΣԷ±ἫΪ裬׷ǣⲢǺ⡣Īҡͷ
Ҫôţǰȥ͹ˡַ㿪ڵʹĪɫһǣˣ
˵ţ˺ԼĪϧһۣݣֱӲǶò¶Էɣ˵Σա
ԣˣ㲻ңַ㿴Ī
ǣֻݣȷܡĪüͷ
ԺηҲдҲԹˣʱߡַЦŵģҲԼЦ
Īɫأ漴ַ۾ãľ֣óʲô
Ƚϲӣءַʵ
ռ䣬硣ĪӦ
ַǰһȴĪû̫ã˶࣬Էˣûа취ڶʱԷԷᴫѶѣܿл֧Ԯ˵Լڲľء
֪ôҾʣɲɣַ㶢Ī꣬ʹĪĿ˸漴صĵͷһԡ
ãͳȥҡַ㿪˵תߣĪû뵽ַôϣɵøϣʵΪң
թַƽ˵߳µ漴Ųֱ̤ڿնȥ뿪֮µǰӰмҶʥַֻȥӰЦŵһõˣ֪ܷڴ֤Լ
ħǣγУΪ·Ҳ˵Աһ˵ǣ֪ľַ֣㡣


2438 ÿָ
ǣңһʥ壬ǳǿ
˿̣ңֻһ԰֮УӰ̨ͤǰ壬ԣм˿š
˵´ǣҪ೤ʱ䣿˿̣һ泤۵ӣŶ֮ʵ
ԶţڣǿɶɫӦһǷֱΪǿߣңǵľݵ֮һ
ҴģҪꡣǿЦϴѾһѵֻҪһλᣬԼˡ
ҸϲԶǿЦȻʱüͷͻأн
ǻǿҲܵˣĿâ漴Զ˺ѵ촫һ֮ǵԻ֮ŵԼݱֱնһۣ漴¡һըѿͬʱط·Ҳһ϶
ȫս״̬ͬʱ֪ͨݵ㣬󡣡ֻһ侲漴ǵ֮ɨ
Ľ⳯Ųͬķλնȥֱն˶϶ʹڿյʥǿɫ࣬ĸˡ
ƺֻһڹʥǿ߿ڵ
裬ȴǱǿߵһжһ˿˵ܿ죬йâҫһӰ½֣ʥ죬ʼǰǰУȻֻ֮ϣһӰǣЦһ󱲣һţڼ壬޵ؽ֮ǣӽ˭ٺһɱ⡣
£һâնȥȼŷŭһն£Ҵмƿͷ𵴣ս꣬ǻ˹ߣҲһˣùģЩʥ塣
һӰ˸˲ϢϢе˲ϢַܣȻҲͬʱַӰͻأʧֻղ
һǿɫ̣漴ֻһ˵˳ղڵĵط׷ֻһ͵ϮҲĵ𡣡
˵գ˵֮Ӱֱʧڴǵһռ֮ϣȻüͷ£ǰɲǿҵղȻַߵĸԶˡ
ۣе飬һͬʱ˸׷ַ㣬Ȼգ׷ˡ
֪ͨפ㣬С͵ϮҲõ˲ٴֻһǿ߿˵ʱ˷׷׿ʼѶϢȻûʧʥǿߣȻ˺ܴĸӰ죬뿪֮ʱǵôǵҺǺ
ܿ죬ǣͻʥﶼõϢʥ͵ϮԷ͵ϮӶݣҪСķ
ǵ֮ϣϼ춼Ⱦ죬͸żС
֮⣬мӰźҷδ㱻˶ϣһɨֻһ¶֮ɫǰĮˣ
ˡַ̧ͷ¶һĨЦ⣬ɫ䣬Ȼڴ˿̣һֱ֮Ӹֱӵȥ
ǿɨͬʱַĿͬǺҡ
ȥȥֱַһöһ֮ϣ棬һ˸貹⻪
ֲ͡ĽϯأĿռ·Ҫ۳ɽֱס
ֹֻһӰַ
ơַһ峯Ŵȥâ죬¡һֲıӲ
ǿĹһɫ̣⴫ļ̶̳ǺСʥĹƿ˵Ĺǳ¡
磡һճһƬ޴ޱȵĹĻƬռ䶼֣Ƿӡ
ˣλСʥһǿɨֵˣڸղѾˣûӣǿԳԽǵŻֱַȻ̶ȣڸղŲûѡܡ
鶫һԸǶԸˡһλСʥַ㣬˸ղһǿҪλСʥֶԸУŮӣСʥλСʥλ벽ʥˡ
սپַ³һƻ˴󣬶ԷҲڶʱϹٽս
ַĿ˺鶫ӦǺҵһλʥʵӦòЩ
ˣַ˲Ϣ˺鶫졢ͬһ㡣
ãַ³һʹú鶫ɫ£ľ裬ãƺŻȴûиоþ֡
Сʥһץʱɫӡֱӳַץȥ·Ҫֱӿסַ㡣
ֱַĴգʱһƿֲĲֱӳӡ˹ȥһֿµĴɶϱǿ󣬺ӡײ֮ʱǹɶ׵ıֱӽմӡըɷ顣
鶫ַһָź鶫ָ˳ȥ鶫ˣȻȴоٶȱ˰㣬ַԼһָĿ죬ʹɫأͷϢ
ɱַһָ˳ȥ鶫㶣ַ㻹δ߾͹ôɵЦһս鲻㡣
Сġһŭ鶫ĶУʹ㶣漴һ鶫ֻо̴ָԴһɫ˲ϢҰףǰַ㣬¶ŵɫôܣ
£Դըѣֱɣ֪Լôġ
ַ⼸һֹϻһʥԷһմѾĹȴᱻΪһξ룬ַֹȡÿָ
һָںϼϵԴ֮ռңɱӰΡ
ǿ彩סˣ֪һλСʥǿ߲ܻ˴⣬һַ˿µĹֶΡ
ƽ磬СʥϣսĴ㣬ûаܹԸַ㣬˿һʥ


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ѿ˲ϢĪ겼õĽ֮ϣ̼һƬ·ӿ֣ƬսɢȥƬռе˶оǹǿҵ𵴲·嶼Ҫѣǹǿ
Ȼֻ˿Īӿǳ֮⣬Ȼػǳ첻ϣķӡ֮󣬶Ȼһöö貵ǳʯƬռ䣬Ƿ·һƬǹ֮С
սǵҪˡĪ꿪˵ɫأǻٻ˴󣬶ԷפصȻ֪߸ϣǵʱܽȡ
סֳַѿꪵǿ߶ȥͬʱǷֱԵĶ֡
ֻλʥǿ߳źϢǿȴӿһɿֻʹɫ£ֻصǲ
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һֱ֮ǰ·ֻ֮⣬ǻһĲʳȥͬʱһ˫ȭƿգֻضҪ飬˷ҽǵ·ֻдңһλǿߵӶ̵һ룬һ뻹档
벽ʥˣôôʥһǿڵʥͨһ˷ʵŭ𣬺ٶһץ˵嵱Уû
ҵʥʦǧ֮һܡ̾Ϊĵֻ֮ͬؼ˾ȥֻؼ˾Ľ̵ֻؼ˾һͨʥʥͨǧ򻯣ҪԼܣҲǰԼȥȻֻؼ˾ʥܱ̫Զ
Ŀֻؼ˾Ӱʹʥ֮ʱؼֻأؿ˭ӣ֮⣬޷͸
Ų̤ٶɱͬʱֱַ֮ӴСʥͷ­֮УĨɱԷʣºĪսĻһλСʥⳡսȻû
ǣȻʱĽѵ촫ʹɫ¡
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ˣǻСʥںˣҲˣ˺󵽽ԱߣֻҪӡˣǾͳװȫʱٷΧ˶Է
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ûô򵥣Ҳ棬һķӡ硣ַ㿪˵ʹĪɫЩٶ̫ˡ
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ˣֳֳǹֱַӳǻСʥȥϢĮɱ
ǻǿɫӲѾλСʥַУܲأֻ˿̵ɫޱȣؼһɿֲĻ汾ԴڷĻ۶ֻܣһ޴Ļ˳֣ͬʱ󣬷·һ飬Ϊģȫ棬·ضҪȼ̫ˣնӵͨ졣
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͡һɿµӳǹд漴µĻ澹⣬ǹУʹǹⶼӡͨ
ʥ̺ǻǿɫѿ漴Ȼ䣬һµĳأ볤ǹ֮УͬʱƬռʱշ·𱻷Щ˵Ķַ㣬ȴһ⣬ǹ̳쵽۾޷ϡ
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ʱ򣬷ӡֻһӰ棬ЩʧӰɫ˲Ϣ
ַ㿪˵һɿ֮⾳ˣĳλȥһɿֲĴرԴձԴӿ뵽ǹȥ漴ٶȼӿ죬쵽㡣
ˣǹ޷ӡ֮ϣ˲Ϣ֮͸һĻʹЩɫ̡
ߡַ˸ܵԶǿϢֱӰ˲ʧԭء
Ȼһǿ߳ҲûóȻȥ׷ҵǿߣѾɨɾء
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Ҫ֪ͨλʥͳˣгڶʱɱСʥɨһפءֻһ˿˵Ժ󣬱Ҫٳֽյ


2440 
ַĪѳһطʹ˺üöƶ˺ܳһξ룬ǲŷϾԷλʥ㲻ò
ֻĪ˿װУ¶һĨЦ⣬͸żԼʣַ㿴š
ôˣַ㿴Ī꣬Цʵ
ʶһ£ҽĪꡣֻĪַ֣һЦ
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һҲΣգղԷдʥ㲻ˣǵһΣ´ξͲôңֶΣˡַ㿪˵ʹĪɫһ΢΢ͷȷʵˣһɱ˶ԷλСʥһԻ͵սԷǵڶλᡣ
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ˮ㣬ԷԽԽ׵֣侲ú÷͵Ϯˡҡͷи飬Ƚðա
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Ϊˣ˶෴ԽΣգһ˶Уáַ㿪ڵģεĿֻ꣬ɱһλСʥôĥȥǵСʥĵ࣬ʱǱ㲻ᴦˡ
ǶҲôַЦŵôˡ
ðɣҸɡĪЦŵҹұ㹥𹥣𹥣ҿǽСˡ
ãҾͱСַ˸Ц̧ͷһΣͲͻϮˣϣɱԷһλСʥ˳ɱһ벽ʥ˸á
ص㣬ѡʵ
ˣϴȥʲôûߣΣҪµ㶫ַ㺬Цʹü˶ͷ
ġ࿪˵ҲǷǳˣҲͨĿˣַΪģܹսôǿСʥĪ궼۷ˣҲַ㡣
ãֵҸһȥַЦŵϸڣ㶯֡
˷׷׵ͷû׼ַ㣬ɱһλСʥɱһѹСһЩ
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һεľңʥҲͼıͼǿͼȣû˭ϣͼǿĹʥ壬᲻֣ʹ۸ӵһ𣬻
˿̣ʮ⣬һӰ˴ͨһñӣУ׼ֵַ㣬Ѿ׼ĪǻڸλһͻϮڻҵʱץסᣬɱһλСʥǵĿꡣ
ַ㽥ҵʱͻȻһɲĸоɸоǿҡ
ָоֱΣաַüͷûиղôɣϣַȡ˼öģѶƻ
Ѿ׼ˣôʱĪӦһȻʱһңʹַɫһ
Īϧʦֱַ֡࣬ż˴ѶȻʱַԼ±ˣһɫĹĻͻأӿ֣Ȼ壬ˣԲʮصˣɹĻ֣ҵˡ
ǿĿռƻǹȴÿռˣǴʥַܹɫֻ࣬ȡһöֱȻȴδʧΧĿռң·ܿƣһĻʹַɫѿõģı˿ռĹ졣
ĪҲˣֻʱĪɫ࣬һΣûдݻٴһĻΣˡ
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ߡĪȵĪϧԼ඼ڳ
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ַ㿴һ۷ŭĪ꣬ͷ΢ȣЦŴ˵ᱣС
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֡ĪϧԼ඼ǳʥǵжΣգûа취ʹĻ޷ѶԷ׷


2441 ֮ս
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ƣַ㳤ǹʯ֮ϣȻȴֻײһȱڣûܹӡһĻʹַ޲ɫѿ⡣
λʥĴʥҲм裬ںҵ֮ĳֲñײˡĪ꿪˵΢ЩţʱдʥֶԸǵĻǻԵģʥƿԲıԴСʥ֮ĲϵĲ࣬޷ֲ
ǸŶ֣ټǿߣ׼һɱǶðաֻͷһԶЩӰԷ֪޷ѵ󷨵ƿأҲŶԸǣϾ֮·ǰ֪ǿܹڶʱɱСʥСǽĺãΪ䡣
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ңҲѵûᡣַͷ˵ǿռƣʥˣֻˣСʥ㶼ҲӰ첻˴ʥǿߵ档
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Ī꣬˭죬ҷҶλһƬռ䣬ʹӰ첻ҡַ㴫Ѷ
ĪعͷַеĻҪǿͨϵԴ
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һ˲͹ˡַӦ˿ַĪһּΪߴĸоǿҵţ£·ûʲôܶҡľġ
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գᣡֻһ̼䣬ǵصַУҪᵽռ棬ַ΢ȻȴоռƺᵽһСĿռ棬ңɿռ䣬Ὣ͵޿ռ䡣
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ͣһѪĪϣ̲ס΢΢һգ漴ܵһɿĽ֮ʱ㺧ȻһʶĿǰػ·ӵ԰㡣
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Ī꿴ͬħӰҲ̲ס˿˿־֮⣬̫ˣ˶̸۹ַ㣬ǿ


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ʲôĪ궢֮ϵһĨɫͷ΢΢ţµղ̫ˣҪʲô


2444 ʥ
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ͼ¼Īͷ΢£ɫ԰ףǴķͼ¼
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ַĿ΢΢ɫ⣬һζ˱ɱôԷͼ¼ǣ濴
ǷֿжַĪͺֵ˵Ī뷨ͬܿΪģܺĪһ𣬷п۶Է
УҪǿ֧ԮֿڵȻôҪַôҲһᾡַ㡣
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2445 ٴ
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˵գĪˣʹɫ£ɨʥɵһͣȷһƷʥջС
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ô죿ǴɵʥʵǣҲǲԸּڵģ


2446 ɼĲ
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ʱǿУַʵҲԼ統С
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ͬǴɵʥǵĲʮٱôһޱȵĴɣɱɣһ١ţַЦţʹַɫһԣ˵̤ɸһκսĻᣬλǰǲмһ˵ġ
ףţĵֻǾʥַ㣬¶ȤɫҲϣַ̤ɣǺŰһŰ


2447 ֲţ
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ܶ౾Դִ̺͸صıԴ֮УͨһյıԴ֮УǿӷƽԳ΢ʱַһףǶԷΪ͵ġ
úøôرԴʹ͸ġƽԳ˵漴ֱһֱĴַϣַֻоǵֱӺÿһλһԷ΢΢ƺһ·ֻжԷԸ⣬ͨ
оǴԲԲܴ󡣡ƽԳĴַȴ˵ͷȷԶһ̣ԷҲصһˣһɶ·뵽һӷֱӹڸ
ܹձԴԲôرԴˣֱӿӷˣĹöյİֱӴ֡ƽԳ
ַ˼ԷĻڴ˿̣һʥã̽ʲôմԲɡ
ҡԷڵ
ַ΢΢ͷ˸ŶԷȥȻַ㹥ԷǰʱǹȻƫˣ˶ԷԣԷ壬ûж
ռƫ롣ַɫ£һ̶ָ̳Хֲӡͬһħ㣬ȻǿĹȴڶԷǰͣ·һƬռ棬ԷָһַĹٶƫ룬ȫ¶˶Էǰ
սַ㰵һԲȻǵıԴô򵥣Ѿһֲˡ
ţһԿţʥҲΨʼձ̬ˣַ㲻ϱŰ˫ƽƺһĨ
ãַ㱻þԴĴԲжˣ峯˳ַղŵûþ̫ˡ
ôĴԲԴȻԼһ£ҪڶʱɣɾһϵԲǲܡֻһʥַ㿪ڵʹַɫһûһ£ȻԼȴôˣʱ䣬ô
ţǰԸĻܽʡʱ䡣ʥٶȶַʹַɫ£Ŀ⿴˫͸һĨѹ֮⡣
ţǰȻϣǰԼβ֣ǳ֣ǿɹöˡʥţ
Ѿ̫ûжֹˣôˡţĮ
֪ţǰ˵ԣµʵûдﵽĲΣԲְȻ㲻һҪ֣ҲһܰЦЦַ㲻⣬ֻ֪ţǿĹߣܹһ⵽ƬӵмߵȨޣܳȨޡ
Сһ֪ţǰó𣿡
ַ֪ҡͷ²ţܺǿ֪ԷǿʲôΡ
֪ţǰϵԲԴںϣǿֲ㲻ĵزʥЦ£ʹַͫںϵԲıԴȷʵ̫ˣжȻıԴܳɾϡ
֣
Բںϣܹıʱ٣㣬˵𣿡ʥЦַ΢΢ͷжš
մԲԸıһƬռʱˡʥٶ˵ʹַɫһعͷţǰܸıʱ٣
ţĿ⿴ַ㣬Ĭ£漴΢΢ͷǳˡ
ǿںϷʱ䣬ܹıʱ䣬̫ˡַĲңţںմԲıԴܹ֮һƬռʱٸı䣬ζţܹʱطͬĿռ䡣
ǰæַţ˵ʹʥҲĿ¶âǣҲҪټʶһֳͨıʱٵĿµǵҲкôʥŻַ㡣
ãȻ㿪ˣҳȫһءţַ˵漴һ⾳Ƭռ䣬ʱַͻأһĨǳĸо˵޷ĸоֻ֣ûб߱ǿ⾳Եĸоָı䣬ƺǿġ
ڵĿռʱѾˣһǣһֱάʱ٣طһ죬ȴӵмʮʱ䡣ţַ˵ȥʱ֮ʱ棬ʱȹ˼꣬ߵ棬ᷢ־ֻһ죬ʱûиоģĴ۸ʱ䡣
ʱ⡣ַɫ΢ţ̤ʱ⣬ҰȻ߳ˣȻغʱ⣬һܹȻµģдԣзǳǿĴʱУ߳ʱȻҲģʱıˣ˼ʮ꣬Ҳȹʮ궼˵һжпܴڡ
ַŬгŴʥʱǿߣѾ̤֮أǰգ֮ͬǣļλǿɫĮϣ͸һɾȻ֮⣬һ䶯¼ֱ±ˣ


2448 ֮ս
֮أ˵Ǿ۷ۼأκεķʵһеĸ۷Σǿ㴣û䣬ս£Ȼȴ⣬⣬ûԤϵõ
ǿ߽֮ʱˣǿߣݰ֣
ݵɲ֮䣬һӰƿգֲϢأɲǼ䱻һѹֵµϢֻ֣ϿգӰǣվǣͷ·ؼףмһˣֳһƮȨȣȨ͸֮⣬ͬ͡
λʲô˼ֻһռ䣬ƬأΪĮ
÷ͼ¼ǣҪԸӣȻҪֽһҲ˳㽫ȨȴˡмֳȨ֮ƽĻӦʹǿɫ࣬ͷ·
ȨȣǺͷͼ¼ͬıͼ¼ӵзסǬ֮ܣȨж֮
һжǿЩͼ¼֮УԷλϾǿЯȨȶˣķˡ
ǷǵʱҲûǿĮĵ֮ƾֶΣȻֱӶ˷ͼ¼ϾǿߣǣҲǽʲôˡ
£ֻƴʱȨ֮䣬ͷųֲ֮⣬̼佫ڡ
˵ϴɡĮ̼䣬ǿ֣֮߱һɹɿµھǵˡ
ŭ
ˣֱӳǿЯȨȣʱķͼ¼֮С
⣡һĮʱ˸ŽɫƣסȻλϾǿȴЦֻһһۣǳâĻ¿׹䣬·һſž޴ޱߵʯϵĺڽɫ·֮ϡ
ˣҫֻһֲӰǿǰմңֱŤУҪǿɡ
ߡЦηɢ
ǿ߷һʱֻһλϾǿڵĿռ·סˣռ䱻̷Ӱֱ˲ƶǿߣһָɱָ֮շ·˰㡣
ǿһŭ𣬳ŶԷȥղϵıϾǿҲ֮·һ㣬ⲢûöԷ˿ɵı飬ֻһӰǿߣ·Է壬ϡ
飡ǿŭһֱը飬飬ֲıըʹն·ڷ㣬һжҪɢȻһռ䣬սϾǿ·ͬʱϾǿӰ֣ƺల£ֲεս˼
ȻûбȨ֮ٶֶ£ʹЩǿɫҰףϵȨܹ˵ˣж˵˿¿գѾкܶǿߣ䡣
ٵЯͼ¼һص֮Уһ̣УһϥӰȻɫ˲ѿޱȣҰһƬ
ЯȨȹЯͼ¼ȥֻ˴һʱֱӳգ漴쳹ǡ
һ̣ǵȺ̧ͷ񷣬ͷҵĲš
𺳣ʱ˵ĶſֲĳЯȨȣϹʱ֮֮սĻô
ɣϧһд۶ҪַգַһڴУңӦѾܹ϶ǽˡֱӸջӦԲַл߳ǣȻ蹥ɼ˶ľģҪͼ¼ߡ
ߣ᲻ôˡٶȴ֮С
޷λѣȻѾӦ䣬񣬶ó˰ɣϣλפأݿǣǴ͵֮Уܽһ򾡣ٺò㿪˵һԸϣҲǰλϵĻӴַ֮ʱǲٹܡ
˵գӰʧԭأַȷһߣֻҪͼ¼ڣӲǣȽ顣
ѾԵǣУң룬Σˡͷ룬˴˻ᣬһ֮Уǽһ־棿
Ⱥͷ˵ţַ㣬ͼ¼ΪַųڴǣǣֻΪɱַ㣬Ϊַ㣬ɱ
˿̣ڴǵפ㣬ղΪֲ漴ͼ¼·һӣһֱӳ֮ϣʧȺҰףǿͨǰȥԸˣ֮󣬷ͼ¼ٶȱպϣָֻ糣ɱڷͼ¼֮С
֪Ǳ߷ʲôˣ˵ĿңڷλؽϹʱĩ֮ǿ֮սɣûбս
ڼӿ졣УһλĿң񷣬૵
ˣһǿԭأȥ֮ǱƽΪƣûλϾǿߣǼˣҲֻаķˡ
ֻƽǱߣ׺ƺΪַӾˣ֪һϵĽ棬ճ
ģ̥֮ᵽֵزƽЦ£ƺһжȻء
⣿׺ʵ
Ϊ˵ַŭ뱣ˣɱһս䲻ǿߣϾǿ䣬㲻ľսֻһӣ˵֮ȻˣѵΪ˻ĹֱӽţҪɱϾǿߣãǸǴ𣿡ƽЦϾ磬Ȼ֪ҪһӵжλϾǿߵжѣжۡ
ǰ͸ܹɾеľƽ⣬ʱĸֱҲˡ׺ЦҺַһ֮ԵǼһﲻȱΪǽɣ֪ܷлᡣ
ɣҲʶһַСһƽЦ£Ƹ̸֣ף˵ͼ¼أаɡ
ǿ֮һ׺ͷ
ƽЦ£ٶԣǾ˾Ʊ֮սܻʲô棬ĿԴ


2449 
ǣǳر⼸գ֮𵴣׷ײ²սΣͬʱĪꡢǱУн٣սȴûаϢַҲ֪٣ûҲ֪ںδǷ񰲺á
ΪַɱУϢȷʵ𺳵ģԴϹʱս֮󣬾ûôֹˡ
ʱһȥһգͼ¼ٳһ֮·漴ֱֻ˴УʹȺͷ΢΢£ˣ֪һսĽΡ
ƽ֮أɶڣƽ׼ӴǣЩЩ˼λӣЩѣҲЩǰƽǨӴǵģЩһգҲ˿Ϊ档
ˣ׺ýΣƽ΢Цʵ
Ȼвǿ䣬ʥȻȥһˣȻֶ顣׺ӦһЩǲһʹͼ¼Ĵڣɻѹȵȥһ˵ģҲвСʧڣҲ²ǿߣ档
˼ǣǲ׼˳ƽЦ
ԣǸȻϾǿ֮⣬㹥£ҲɱַļƻǶԣɱַ㣬Ƕõı
˵ûһһ㣬Լ֮ļֻҪַĴޣǲһЩƽ𵭵˵ʱ˶Ц
ص˴У֮⣬һλϾĿ´ڣʥ®˿̤գǿں֮УɨǣȻ֮ûзַټɵɫ¡
ϴһҲҿﶼû©󿪿˵
Ҳпռϵܹ˵ıҪ⡣®˵ǿߣ賬ףȻõ
ҲҪǿƿ˵ôˡ󿪿˵ǿֱ˴ռһּɻ䣬ȻҲ˲ôˡ
ְɡ΢գ漴ֲأ֮׶®·Ĩϴӡǣ漴ֱ֡
˿̣һɫһɫѿоϵдӡǶ˹ƣֱˣȻǳǿΪĨӡǣʵ̫ˡ
ǡ뵽ɫѿÿ˵Ĵռ䶼ԼܣǿƿǴɻ䣬ڣƿԣɷŭֻ̡֮
ܿ죬ǿ߶ԼĴռڱ֣ޱȷŭȴŭԣߣ£ֱ޼ɵ뵽Ϊַ֮սˣҲûǲˣȻҪɱַġ
Ǻεȶ飬ִԶӶˣ®һЩɵʥﴢӡǲôܹƵģǱֱӴñŷſӡǣǼ飬ΪԵ˭ҲӾɱû˸Υ
ʮգλϾǿһ̶δϢǿߵĴ䶼һ飬ǣǵɫȴǳÿûҵ
ô£ѵѾܳǣ󿪿ڵ
ܣͼ¼ӡǣûӵ®Ӧһû©˭
ֻʣԼˣԼƽˡӦһ
Լˣȥݷƽ®˵΢΢ͷԼҲòֿʼͻǿߵĴ䣬ָǽȥߣǿ룬Ϊ˱ӣ®ѻģǿߣ÷һЩ÷ֵĶ
ûѵ
ܹ˵շһֵܷģֻƽˡ®˵΢΢ͷ漴ʱٶȼƽ֮ء
λֻˣ˴һ£ҵѿǽȥƽ䵭˵ǵ˶ЩˣԷʹ÷ͼ¼һһ¡
ƽ֣ҲȲѡЦڻǣûѰҵҪҵˣ˲²ǿҪһΣƽܹ⡣
һΣʱ򣬲ѾɨôƽĮ
Ѵռ䡣Ӧһʹɫ΢䣬ĸԸⱻѴġ
ģǵ⣬ҵѣȻҵĿˣұ㲻ܵ裬Ҳϣ⡣ƽ
Ŀԣâײƽãѣ棬δš
һҪأ®˵
Կ֪ˡƽӦ
®Ĭ£ƽ漴գòˡ
˵գǿֱ֮ӿʼ֣ͬʱԼˡ
ϴˣû뿪ҲƬΧͬûѡ
á΢΢ͷҲƽ񣬲òˣˣͬʱж
ǳУַѾһ࣬ţһֱû뿪ַ벽ıַ֮صʱ٣ַܹӵиʱС
һʱַ㷢˷Сսʥһ򣬱֮ʱ㿪ѯʣλʥǰַҲϤˣ֪޲ǣϲַ;
Щӵľ飬ַҲ֪Լ̫̰ģҪһĳһϵԴ֣ѡ˴ϵıԴ
˿ַ̣ϥأ·ܹоصͨأܵɸоأ֪ԼĽܴ󣬵ṳ̂ɵز
ʱԱߵţüͷ΢΢£һâоˣ˴ָ˿̣ڹ۲ŵǱ


2450 ǿǿԾ
ַ㡣˿̣ţˣʹַɫ£ţ
Ҫãţʵ
ţǰˣٸһЩʱ䡣ַ㿪ڵоԼѾץסˣһְҲ֪ΪԼѡĻǴأΪʱ޿̲վڴ֮ϡ
ãΪȡһЩʱ䣬ץţ˵漴ֻ¶һɿϢ
磬Ŀⶢ㣬˸âʹɫһ
Ǳóʱͷ΢ϣһɻΪһֱ
ǴӺδĮʵ
ǰ˽׷ɱ֮ʱԷϧȡʱ䡣ѣӦ
ɫĮôãû뵽Լϣֻǰһʱ֮ϣһö£®Ҳ˹öӣ죬ܿڲؿռ䡣
벻ȥ󿪿ڵ
ûа취ʵڲУȥУѷɡ®Į˵
ʱַ㣬Ѿ磬֮ϣоƬÿһأôܹܵǵַҲһ·ҪΪһ塣
Լ磬ָоȻˣ֮϶ԴصһÿһصĸоҶԴصӦѾˣǣȴûнַƣվĻ׾磬һϵԴԲ򣬻ǲܴɡ
ҵһϵԴɣͱ˲ַͬһ̼䣬ǰһ޴ʯڵ·תɣֱܹӶôԲĴϵıԴֱӽת
һϵԴûдɣͬԽɵĴرԴתȥݵɲĳһзӿȴɵƣ⻹ϾϵĴԲֻǴرԴȵԺҳɾ˶ϵԲںϣǲǿӵɱʥս
ַа漴ٶȻصǳ磬ʥǰǰϵԴѾɾʹԲֻΪûа취ɾ硣
ֻһʥַͷıԴҸ¡
ַ΢΢ͷ漴رԴ֮ͷţһɿֲĴͻ̣ǵأͻأʥޱȣʹ˻֣ʱͻֱ
ȷǴɣȥ߰ɡʥ΢΢ͷ
®ʹ෽޷֮飬ɵɫһıԷͼ¼ס
ˡڴ˿̣һͻأĴʹɫ£漴Ӱͻأǵǰ֮ʧˡ
˵ͫ£Ȼ֮龹ܹˣԳһƬռɡ
ɫ԰ףϵˣַ㣬ȻĲʥ棬ȻãλϾǿѰһʱ䡣
Įɨһۣ漴Ŀⶢַ֮ˣһַߣϾĴڡ
üһ׺ɫ˸¶һĨЦ⣬ַ㡣
ƽԼԵϾǿߵȻҲַ㣬ǣַԵĴڣϾʥ֮һǣʥֹǿʱĿ顣
λǰ濴ַ㡣ַ¶һĨЦ⣬һۣͷȴ΢ЩλϾǿڣݣǶء
͡ͻأ䣬貵Ľɫֱ֮ն֮УַվĿռ䣬һޱȵƽնһۼȻͬһɲǣַӰʧˡ
ÿ졣Χͫ졢Ҳ죬ղ®ͻȻ֣Щ˲ϢնգַɱȻһɲǼ䣬ַѾ֮˴ƽǱȥˡ
ֱƺôʥƽʵֻƽЦ£ҺַСǺѣȻԣɡ
漴Ŀ⿴®󣬵λڴ˵ҰǷˣ
ƽ֣֮£㻹ĪҪĺá󿪿ڵ
ղǿҵҪѵ˱Լ˲𣬿Ц˿ַ̣СҵĿˣ£´̸ɡƽĮ˵ˡ
Ҫ֮£ɫ
Ŀ˵ļһƽһЦкâ˸ûбв
տ¡ַԵʥƽ˵ƽֹƽʵ˽⣬տַ㣬Ӧò⡣
û⡣ƽǹȻĴӦ
ܾûгֹˣգҪˡʥĮ˵漴Ŀ⿴ƽԵϾǿߣͬպַһ𵽴ţǰĴ֮һ
кδ㣿
ҺַСΪͶԵãҲ֡΢Ц˵漴ǵĿ⣬ֱԼ®һɾµ֮ȻӶ𵴡
ҾͲţܻס®óϾڣ˭ǰַ㡣
Ųһ̤®ֱʧһַֻ̣оֲΣ٣Ȼͬʱһɴصĺ·Ϊһ壬ͻأ䣬ַӰʧ·˴֮Уһ̳֮ʱƽӵص׻
ƽϸɴصɶܹܵԷĽ٣˲佫Լ롣ַаݣȴʱʥ®ǰʹ®ǰӰĿⲻɵ΢΢һټ٣͸˭Ϊ档
®һץʱعշ籩ֱնһУȻշ籩նʥ֮ʱֻնϣȴɱӰȥ
֮ںϣ漴ǻãü棬óһ֮䡣ƽ̹ʥǿ󣬵һҲʼˣַĿ⿴Ǳߣлλϸˡ
֮ͣĸͨ鵽ţǰĴڣǾŴǿˣǿߣһӦóǹⰵ֮ںϣɱǿһϢƽЦҪͻϮ㣬ϾϾǿһ͵Ϯ֣޷ˡ
ַ΢΢ͷ漴ֻĿ⿴Щ֮ˣƽ˵λչַ㣬գܲúֽһ
ǿɫ£ַ㣬Ҫǡ
֮ɫ䣬ɱ˸һҪϮɡ
ַ㳯֮ʱüӰͷſɱ⣬ǻᣬɱַĻᡣ
ˣµȻ䳯Ŷǿ߰ȥʹЦҪô
ףַ΢̼䣬ջأҪֱͬʱַһģǰ㡣
㶢ַ㣬ɱǿңҪ
ַӰ˲ϢǰһָɱһȻַָ·𿰿֮ϣȻ͵촫ֻо𣬻һɿֲĲشɫҰס
ַۣƴɫУָ֮Է˲ϢĨԷ


2451 ɱʥ
ɶĴزƽ𿴵һĻаղַһһɶУͨԴصĴزɶַ㹥ֱӸսٶԷϣӵп
һÿ죬ѹţδܵҵĲΡƽаֻʱһλСʥĹַϣȴһʯڿסˣһĻƽ¡
ʹתתΪأΡƽĿ̫ƯַֻһڶԷԴϣɻɱһλСʥСʥѾκв
ֻһ֮ȺÿһֻһĴʥ˳ַ㣬Ϊ࣬ϵԴԲǧǰɾʹʥĵڶϵԴѾԲˣˮϵԴϵԴԲ仹δɱԴںϣʵҲǼ¡
Կھʱı֣û뵽ʮվҵĶ棬ݶԸ㣬۾㶼ֵýˡ࿴ַ㣬ڵӦףλϾǿ߰㣬ɻҪģҪɱ㣬ңֹһܻ
ַܹ˴εգǱͼ¼סӶӲȥ׽ȻжأǣҲƽϸ硢ϸ綼ţǰǣкܸߵţǰʼǺĮ
ô˵ڴܹһҲҪ߳ǡ
ƽϸϸγ֣ðܴΣգԼںַں
û뵽黹࣬Ҳ뵽Ӿַ㿴࣬Į
ô㵹Ǻ֪ܵգĪҪ۸ˡЦ漴ֻһǿ֮ĲţƬշ·Ϊһ壬ַоһ̣뵽ȥ
أַܴص·Ƭأκε춯ͨشݵԺС
ˣȻ䣬ַˣ漴һӰֱӳǰһ貵֮ǰɱ
˵ַһûлңЩʱһֱʥսЩʥǱǿˣĹַƫƣâֱնԡ
⡣ؼ¶ȻһգƬػַҲҪɱʹַɫ£ͬʱһʯϣ˲Ϣ˶֡
ߡһַǰֱӡַ֮ϣǹɹûƿĺֱ͸ȥˡ
ţȻʱüͷ£֣Ĺûйʵ壬ַ㣬ʯ֮С
΢΢һ̼سһɫ磬Ƭ·𶼳˿µյâ
𣡡ӡڱ֮ϣɲǼ䣬Ƭط·ͬһ˺˷飬ǿֲݻһУκα˶ҪܱߵȺ˵Զɫ𵴡
һ̣üͷһ壬ԼĽ£ƺڵصףɶ
ˣޱߵĴ˲Ϣֱӽᵽ棬һţһӵص׳֣·ΣȻַУ·Ǵصһְ㣬˿ַĿ䣬ܹоƬص˵ĺܹоҲܸоڴС
ַӰһ⣬ֱӽǰһӡֱĴֲĹЯſµĴزΪĩ¡Ŀ촫Ҳˣɫһҡҡ׹
ᣡַͫһŭХֲȭͷֱӳԴ˹ȥſµĺѹ
ˣȭͷûлԴһɲЩȭͷϣַȭͷֱӴ͸˶Է壬ȻȴûпʤЦݣַɫˡ
ˮַоԼˮϣ޴ңԷҲͬˮĹֱӴ͸ˮϵĴԲ壬·ˮİ㡣
ɡ¶һĨЦ·˰㣬ֱֱַ̣ӱˣ漴ȭͷַԴȭͷ̺µ磬նҪȭâ֮ըѻǻַ㣬ַɡ
ַ㽫֮⾳ͷŵ£ҪԷĹͬʱʯֱ˶Է壬Էȭͷɺûֺͣ
ֱַ䶯·ֱ۾ʯͬʯһ䶯ƺˣԷƿ֮ȭͷԺ䱬Դ
ƽɫ£ַʵѾˣһϵԴԲܷϵԲַʵԲ㣬Ƭڣʱ׼֡
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졣ַԼֱϸ˿֮⾳Ȼ˳ͬʱȭͷԴԽԽ
ˣֱַ۳˳ͬˣ𵴵ɣ̵Ҫѹ֮ʱȻַԶɵɫһⶼûɱַ㡣
ȻϾǴʥֻٶ˵û뵽óôϵԴ֮ǴԲҲܷӺǿˣһɲǵУ̺ء䡢þرԴѵãɱңֻ·
ƺҪݻַģȻȴַĮĶˮϵĴԲƲôţˮޱȣ޴һ̶ȣһܽˮÿһӶ٣һ
ַ岻˷ٶȹʹ¶һĨЦ֪Ҫڶô
ֻվǣַ㣬ۣ׼ɱһٸַͬĻᡣ
ַ嶯ˣһ̣Լٶ״̬쵽˼㣬ͬһࡣ
䣡ַֻһȭ֮⾳ȭϣ쵽磬˲Ϣ֮УٶȻˮޱȣֱַ㴩͸һΣַԼֱͣˮ֮С
ɱҡЦ
ûɱˡַӦٶһǰĦŶԷһ̺˿֮⾳ԲĴرԴ֮ɶһֵɶ·ĵӣֲͬ𵴲ˮŰһɾȻţ֮ɨ·𽫴صɶҲ棬ռӶҪЦݽӲϣ漴忪ʼֽ⡣
ôܣɫ˲ϢҰףҲڷֽ⣬һɻصĽ𵴲廯޾ʧ֮УַɫĮǹһĨЦûˣɱģ


2452 ̬
ַɱɲǣƬ̣漴һɹɿϢͬʱŶַϯ
ߣƽһŲ΢΢ǰһ̤Ȼ䷭ǹɿֲɶ·˵ƽһʲô
ȺŲһ·ֻҪƽ֣ǵǹɶ飬Ǻĸоȴû˻ɣǿ
ƽϸ磬ûϵġַͻأ乴һĨ䵭Ц漴΢ǰɵʥУƽԳҲڡ
Գϸ磬лˡַŻƽԳЦ£;ʥԼһֻһεģѾǻƽԳڶΪˡ
ƽԳһЦ޴΢΢һ϶ɨǰӰ
չңգҲͲؿˣɱɡַ㿪˵ʱһɿֲ֮ɨգʥƺ͸Ѫ˷֮⡣
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ȺɫһʥϢΪ£ǳµĴʥһΣǿҪùˡ
ַгִħꪣͬһ㣬˲Ϣһˣ˲һλСʥַɫȻЩ԰ַǴʥ඼ɱˣǶ֣ĺˣҺַս
͡ħ¿ֲħâƾԶȻһɿµֱӳԺ֮У͵ԴħֱӴ͸Ѫ漴ַֻ΢£ʱըѣֱӻˣ䡢
ַŲ̤ûĿ䣬ͬ˰Ѱһ
ͬʱʥҲʼǵŰɱ֮;ǿľʥǳµĴʥ㶼лƽԳǿʵںϴԲԴĴڣǿ󵽺˵ĵزңܿ죬ǿ߲ϵ䡣
һսĴϾǿڷսϾʥںϣ®ֱӴ˻õ棬ǵӰڣҲ֪սˣ֮սȺ𺳵ע£侹ƣ˼Ϊεþء
̫֮ˣ֣Էͼ¼סǣΪַ㣬Ȼ˿̵ս澹ȻܻΣܲľַһ˵ǽ֮ˣɵҪɱ֮죬Ȼ˿ַ̣㾹ռƣǿߣѹ
ҲףҲʱģȻûԤַôֻǲϾǿߣΪַһСʥϾַԣ˵Īҫˣ˭ôӡ
ʱֻƽüͷ΢΢ţ̧ͷһգͼ¼ǷȥҲǰ취ϾߵޣҪɱַ㣬иǿߵʱ򣬶Ǳ㼫Ϊˡ
ʱֻؼһǿҵĲյĲ
ͼ¼Ⱥ̧ͷ֮ϣɫ΢£ͼ¼ƺڶһɫĻᴩأ·סǵ֮ⶼ۵һϣһɫͼ¼ſֲϢǷͼ¼ˡ
ˣȺ¶֮ɫǿĽͼ¼ˡ
ƽȴƺᵽһɲϢԷͼ¼ֻһֿܣҪЯͼ¼ˡ
ַ㣬׼ƽַַĿ£漴ˣҲͬʱԶһֱ֮ߣ·͸հ㡣
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жӵһֱɸĵֱƿأˣʥ޷ַȥԼˡȺŴˣۣͬµߣûпַһۡ
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ַǵսҲͣʥ䣬˳սַƽԣ֮ˣ¸ԹλһѾ˲ǿˡ
Ҳһ£Ϊֹλѣ֮ǰ飬̡ĵʥԼ𣬵˵
ƽοƽʵ
ֻƽ˿漴¶һĨЦ⣺ƽ꣬ŵ߳û뵽ûþ£ô꣬ҲвΣһˣһΣҳΪʥ֮һвҺԡ
£ƽ˰㣬¶̬ȣҪַ㣬վһߣΪС
⣬ǵ˵գַѣһҪģȥҲһƽϺ顣ƽЦ˵
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣұҲ̬ˡ˵գҪַ㡣
ãȻôѡҵҪǽ죬ܷ񱣵סĵ˵ҲԸϾȻҲ¡
죬ַ㣬һҪģûܻס


2453 鴫
ĵ¶棬Էͼ¼סǣ漴ʥ֣Ϊַ㣬޻·˶ôΪķչȻԤƣǣĵòֳַͼ¼Խ١
ַԣʥƽԼʥɫأ®ܹſ⣬٣ܻסַ㰲ȫȻĵͬʵֲֳַͼ¼ͼ¼ܷǲǿ߽һƬգɡ
ַ㣬Ҫصǿжһ㡣ʥַԷͼ¼֣ҲûоԵİַܹ㲻ɱ
ַܵ˿ؼյѹ֣Ҳ֪ԼʲôأΣˡ
˿̣ڴǵ֮ϣӰפ㣬ǷֱλڲͬķλȻѾˣֻΪͼ¼̤벻˴ǣ񣬷ͼ¼⣬ЩӰ඼Щûв뵽еƩ硢
ΪɣҲΪΪѵģһƽ⣬ɵĳ֣ὫƽƣˣǶϣַ㲻ڣȻΪɽַǣһƹϵңǲϣģᵼһʧ⣬Щϵһǻս
Ӧúվһսϡ˿̣ȺУ˿˵
˻ˮ̫ˣȥ԰ΡΪһ˵ƷչɣϿգһڣ֪
ҿַ˲ϣλҲΣ˿ֻ̣һӿ˵Ǵĳɽպַϵá
졣ɽһ˺ǳĸףһҲЩʲôˣ˵
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Ϊ׵ǿߵĮ˵ʹóɽͷ΢£ļôȷֲΣ޷˭֮ϡ
ĵ΢΢̧ͼ¼˸֮⣬ַԵǿ߶ܽţַԼҲһ
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ʱյУһͻأʹͷ΢£һ·Ͼǿ˸Ǵ˿ġ
ĵ̧ͷƬȥȻ䣬ֻеķͼ¼ȻһһֱӽԻãҪصĿռն
һ죬ɫĹâ⣬ȻնһƬԻ֮磬Ȼ䣬һӰǵأȻɢڸأǴ˵ǹ
ǺˣĮʵѾĴڣֻ²ؼûȥ¶ȴû뵽һۣƺҲҪ
յ㻹˹ªŲŶԡٶȴ֮ϣһ߹Źף·ԶŶ
ǹªţֻǶǰĹŽ壬ӦŶԣңһȺյĮ˵ʹͷݣŽ壿
ַҲˣŽ壬ôԽԽˣϴͷֹŽɲ⣬ҺͻԿ񣬹ŽֱվҰ֮ô
뵱Žʢʱڣɵû뵽û꣬ѾΪյˣȻˣյɡ
һ漴ֻǹľ֮ǰҫƴ˰㣬޾г֣Ȼ䣬Ļ֮ϳһĻ龰һ
ȺֻͫΧ޽УȻһ׳֣ƴԶٻ֮⣬棬УһӰڿն𣬶ЩףȻȴһɫޱȣ
ȤŽ壬ҶˡַԶİ׺¶һĨЦ⣬˵ʥǿֻһλأȻڵĵɲģ񣬾ŽΧЩǿߵı飬ܲ²Žݵǿ
ܺáյͻأ³һڵû뵽δֵĹŽһѣʣŽس£Ϊֱв
ֻյǧɱַȻϻҹŽ䲻ôаڶʱڶһλԵĹ˲֮Ԫ˵Ӧܹһʱʲô
Ź漴˼Ҫĺܼ򵥣յϷͼ¼ֱӻȥɡ
յվǣɫƽȻȴҲһͼ¼뿪ʹʧɱַĻᣬ´ΣɲһܹסôõĻˣңҲôŽһµʱ
ַ㣬ҪյôɶԲ˴γ֡˿̣һ˳֣վǣΧշ·ƮűѩΪ䣬ȻǱѩϾǿߡ
ѩַ㿴ˣ֪βΧ˶Ըģļ
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£ֻƻӶأƬ񷣬˪硣
ȻҲͬʱŹ֮ϣĿĽҫ˽֮Ļѩڽ֮Ļ⣬һĽѩû֮С
ҲʲôһУҸұ֤ȴģǻҪͷ񣬾Լְɡַǰʥͷһɿֲİ·ΪУ˵ڸǣһĹͨǿӿ֣ΪĹż֣żĴУַ㣬Ĵߣңֻǻ֮һҪµĵ̣죬ԡ
ʥɨգʹͷ𵴣ĴߣϾǿߣǻ֮һ̫ˣ


2454 ֮Լ
ɡɣӦˡյʥ֮ͷݣдţ֮п̤λ鲻ټʱһһλӵߣǻʲô棬˶ܹõ֮ϣΨҶΪġ
񣬽֮ˣѵż֮ˣΪߣԣǸõϢ
ַָ㣬ʥĻйŽ塢ƽλټַԻΪַᣬ㲻Ҳû䣬ⲻϣĽ֡
յˣĪҪΪ˼¡֮ϣŹٶȴ
յĬ£漴˻ͱѩϾǿһۣƺڰн
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Ц֮һʱ䣬Ҳδ̫ЦˡĮַ츳Ȼһʱ䣬ָһӾ͹ȥˣս
ѡǿߣȻƿضϵԴҴԲңһں˱ԴĿ´ڣʥ֮ɲСʥǵĲ༫󣬴ɾϾ˵ͬ磬һϵԴԲǴɣϵԴԲҲǴɣںϱԴǴɡ
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οĻмֿŶȣʱǿκ飬ɲǰɡ
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֮Σʱľ棬һȽľǸٶˣҲɱַˣȻҪڵľ
һܣַ㲻֣ǸðˣֱǣԼҵģ
ַʤأ˿ַֻ̣Եʥˡ
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ǺǣԼҲ޷ʱҿ붯̫ļҲΧһ£ΪУյǰΪΣʱֻ׺ǰ΢Ц˵
յɫ£漴̫λԸ⣬ȻҲԡ
ʱ䣬һ̫ˣЩ̫ˣô˵СʥַսҪʮС׺˵
УɵĳɳҲˣʮ̫λ޷Ӧ
ǾͶʮ꣬ʱ䣬ԼѾܶˡʥҲ˵
꣬ǵĵˡյ䡣
̫ˡʥҡͷʮ꣬ţϰæַиʱϵԴ֮꼴ţְæҲΪݣԴԲͺ򣬶ַ㣬ҪںֱԴϣΪԵģҲȻں˱Դģںֶ˵һѡһλܳ˳
ҲʱˣʹĿ
̫̣꣬ҪǴӦⳡսغַҲغ֮ˣѹַһϣҪսַһǴʥ֮䣬һҪСʥͳʥһսĵڵվķǷ֮ˣӦܹվս֮ˡ
յŶԷܲ׽һȫնԷĻ
峡ɣһСɺͳ֮⣬ʱ䣬Ϊꡣյĵ֣ǰոΪֻһޣܳѡշѹԷ
ꡣɫôÿǶԣ̫ˣַ㼸ǱذܵģĳսУʤ
ڤ֣ǣԳΪѡˣǣǶʱ߳ģӾ֮߳⣬עҫô૵·𿴵һ⣬ģĹ⣬ڰ档
ҴӦ̬ͬ⣬ⲻƽԼ


2455 ƻ
ͬԼʥҲֻ̾Ϣʱ䣬ַ츳ٺãҲݺʥ֪еĲжôֲȻҲֻͬԼ
ĵЯͼ¼뿪ˣǿ߷׷˳˴ǣ֮ǣ·ںƽ֮ⳡսΪǿ߶ѹŴ򣬷һеĿսǶҪΪ֮
ַ㣬ǻô˿ֻ̣֮Уĵַ㿪ʵ˺ƤַİΣܲȶ
Ȼذɡַ΢΢ͷ漴תȺ
ҲҹطˡƽЦ¡
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ȻˣǱ߶ˡƽ΢ЦȥҲ
һӰڿգ׷ȥ׺һ𣬵Ϊ׺ôˣҲ㲻ͷȥ򣬵̫ľ壬Ҳôùġ
ǿ뿪ָֻƽȻЩһҲݵĸУ˶ڴ֮ֻǺεȲ׳սҲΪһʷʫ֮սҲ˵
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֮Уַϥǿ磬ʥѾȥصɽ֮ϣַǰԶڵǰ˷ѣлǰæ⡣
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Ҳ̫СʱˣǱȫǱ˵ˣԽǿõıԽͲ䡣ַЦŵ
һ֡ƽ΢΢ͷʱ䣬ô죿
׼бչһʱ䣬ʵܷЩַӦ
Ҳãʲô׵ĵطҡ
һַЦµ
ַ㡣ʱֻһַ̧ͷһӰȻԤߡ
ʦַ㺰Ԥ߽Ųأƽ˵ͷ
ַ㣬˴֮£һ亹û뵽ôԸ㣬ң㺦㡣ԤǰڵַҡҡͷԼ⵼ݱ¶ʦ޹ء
Ҳֻۣʱ䣬̫ˣ¶ԣһսѣ֣˭μսԤߴַ뿪ߣ֮Уǿ߶ڣǴʥϾĴڡ
ַ㣬Դ̤һģֻΪʵԵʣûм֮ˣֱܹˡԤߴַȺǰһ¡
ֻĿתַ㣬ڵַ㣬Ѿʼٻ츳ӣͬھս̨ϵˣǣܳΪսıѡ֮ˣԼûƼ
Ŀǰ֪ʵΣҲ˵ʦֺʤһ֮սַ㿪ڵԺֵֻ㹻Ӧһսˡ
ǲҸоЩ̣Ͼ̤ʥʱ䲻󣬲ֻ֪ܽʲô̶ȡֻؼ˾
ȷЩˣԷս֮ˣҲԻеţǱ֮ӭսϾַԼһսܻܿܡ
ֻؼ˾ûַ˼ĳɾ˶õֱ꣬ǵָһӣʮǶԶôһλɵʥţҪǧΪλɳʮꡢꡣ
һԼڲԣ˭ΪʺϣͬʱҪһЩȡϵУ̫Ǳߡ˿̣һλǿ߿˵ʹ˷׷׵ͷȷǵ֮ⳡսȻҪǿɲΪⳡսʤȫԵǸ
Ҫһ̫͸ˡڵ
ȥɡԤߵһۣЦ£ħһʵҲģƹ֮ܶ£ȥȷʡ
ãͳַ㣬ȴȥһѡԤ߸һִַ뿪ߣܿǽһַһۿһӰ˹
Сһû뵽ôˣǱʥ̳ġϵǰѳЦ⣬˵ɱ˲ʥɱʥоʥһЩʥ


2456 ѹ
ַ㿴ϵɫʱһϼһƺŶӱ۵ʥˣȴһթʣǱư
΢ַȡ˼ʥݸϵϲЩţ̤ʥԺкδ㣿
ٺ١ϵЦ£һҲĽʥʥ̵ĺãЩģЩʥ㹻ؽʥˣҵĴ㣬ȵʥ´ŶΪһ֮ұķ̤ߣ;ûʲôͬ
Ҳãʥһ׮ԸԵȴַ㿪˵˵׵۴δʥߣȻַ֪һֱڳⷽŬϵʵǰ½Ŷʥ´ˡ
ˣҲһ棬ѾҸˡ׵Ц£ʹַɫ΢ͣô
ѵϵô׵Ц£漴תһӷĵԵԵʶһ·ͬԵʱп·Ŷϵ
صգϵӰģַг̾ʶһȷʵΣϵû취ʲôֻ뿪ǰȥ˼塣
ϲϣԶ¼ǵҡַǰ֮·һ
ģϵһ鷳ġԶлӦʹַ¶һĨЦ⣬ͷԤһۣʦȥˡ
Ԥ΢΢ͷַ̤뿪Ԥ̧ͷԶһۣ漴ƿգַҪչΪԼ׼ҲһҪ߷þΪԼ׼ˣǲַ˵ĲģǾĲġ
£ڲ䣬Խʱȣ·ߵԽ졣
ЩַУûƬ̵ͣϢżڿ϶ʱԼļˣתۼ䣬дʱȥˣǿУַͻƽԳڴսҲ
ֻ˿̻ƽԳһգʱرպϣҪַЮУȻַؼ΢ӰͬһӰӰһռ䣬˲ư㣬ٶȼ졣
ᡣƽԳһֱҪַҪ
ˣַٶȻһƿʧԭأ·ܹδ֪㣬ڶԷɲǾܵ׼˲Ƶ
ѾԳܿҵĹˣЩŬûа׷ѡƽԳֹͣ˹ַ
⻹ԶԶ㽫ҪԵĶ֣ܻǶϵԴԲںϱԴĿ´ڣڵ̫ˣ˵Ĺ㲻ܺͶԷ⡣ƽԳһֺ֮Ĵַ㡣
ءգϵԲˣҶѾƣ÷֮ԴͿ֮Դҽӽ˲֮ܣԶԶַơ
ѾˣһϵԴ֮ԲǴɣ֪жҪϲܴﵽжԶûа취ﵽĿ꣬Ұתʱ䣬Ҳʮ꣬ѾϵԲˡԶԹ۵ţ˵һԺǳսҪ̫ڴǸʱעǱذܵġ
δжԱԴںأַţ
ںϵѵɱԲѵҪ࣬ңһֱУҲоԣѡţڵĶ֣ҽѡһ£ǵĶ֡
ţĿ⿴žʥʥַֹҲȻΨʥֻ£ûϺսһʥûж֡
ַĿⶢһʥӦǾʥǿģţĻԼԷһԺĶ֣ս֪Լʵжǿˡ
սʤǷζܹԼʱսʤҶַ֣ţ
սʤĻ;ûˣȰñԣƢôáţĵ
ַĿⶢǰ漴ʥԾÿλãƺַ㣬ֻµĿ
ˣַ磬ָȻƿɱ̼·͸գֱӳŶԷɱȥֻʥ˫һ˫ޱȵĿħ·Ҫ׹ĺ촫ʥĹؽڶ˶һɾԵַ֮оһһɾǿշѹ
ǣֻʥһȭ֮Ϻ޾ֱӺַ֮ϣַ帲ǴأȻȴɲǼ飬ǹ嶼Ҫըѡ
ַǰеȻֹֻ̤գͬӰʧһλȻһֻƬضסַһָоԼС·ҡҡ׹
䣡һƺƬղ·Ҫַ㱻úˣ¶ʥĮɨһۣ漴ָƽ·ʲô鶼ûз㡣
ħԴԲرԴԲԴԲַɫ̣ԷƼ򵥰ԵĹȴѾ̺˶ϵԲıԴУʥ֮ʵ࣬ȷʵ󵽿³̶ȡ
㻹ܹܵô֣ȻֻһѣҪɱ㣬׾١ţĮ˵ݺݵĴַ㣬ȷʵַЩƣһɲʥڴԲıԴв֪жܹ꣬ģĵ̫ǳˡ
ַ㣬ڣʹںϱԴĹ޷ƽԳ˵ַ΢΢ͷԷʹںϱԴȻ£ĿûƽԳɱһλɣһʥֿͷƽԳ
ҳȥߡַ㿪˵漴뿪ߣԼУѩµ۹ҲͼǴһ顣
ַ׼գЩշУҲЩƣɰЧ
磬ûֹͣͬʱ֮ȴƵϿΪԤߣҲ߷Ѵ̫ˣһЩϢ


2457 
һƬǳռ䣬һϥԤߺȻС
ֻգӡϵǳ֮Ʋ䣬Ȼ䣬ĿԶһǳȥɫ£ħ죬̫Ǳߣһ
塣Ԥ߿˵ҪϢ˵Ѿ⵽һ
ԴӾ֮תӴؼǳƶͬˣ˹Ҷ͸ĵ̾Ϣ
ܹԤ̫ѵˣϾѲ⡣Ԥߵ
Σʵ
̤̫֮ĹϿɣŮ֮Ԥߵ
ŮԽԽˣߴأÿһعȻֲַ㲻ҲĹеõôг̫ħ֮߳Ҳһ˰ɡ૵ʲô£
аӿǿϳƣҪٵ֮λԤߵ
Ȼ֮¡ƽ˵һԺԼкο
ûб̬ڤʾ֮¡ϲǲڰ㡢ҷԴʾ롢ϣ𣬳֮⣬桢ѩŽա硢ħҪǵġԤͳЩѹ֡
ˣʮֹټĵЦ
ڴԼ̣ʹΪʵʮƫ񿴵ҡҡ׹֮ģǳΪһǣʵǿԿ̩ɽƺһά衣Ԥߵ˵ƣʮܹôõƽѾǲˡ
桢ѩաŽ𡢷磬ʵеĶ⣬ȴԾĺܣǷŽʲôأ͸ż⡣
˭֪أֻ̥Լ֪ԼʲôԤ̾
̫ǱΣٶʵ
ӦǰҲ²һк⡢Ҳ֪뷨һǱߣ£Ҫַȥһ̫硣Ԥ߿˵ʹõ¶һĨɫ
⵹Ȥδ͸¶ȥɡ
ûУһҲֻǰ˼Ԥ߻ӦǣҪַɣŮ˭ϣʶλ
ԤߵĻЦ£ڵͦȤȥַ˼
áԤߵ˵ͷ漴뿪ߣϥԤȥֻ֮һλϾǿ߿ڵοŮ
˵ʱһжпܰɣңδѷŮֵգɱǳ֮⡣̧ͷ֮ϣǳ֮£ҫĿʲôƴڡ
Ԥҵַ㣬Ԥ˵ַ֮ҲΪȣû뵽һаʾԼǰ̫˼
¹ϵҪ𣿡ַ㿪ʵ
Ҳû̫Ҫ㲻ȥҲ޷ֻЩ뷨ԤЦ
һ˰ɣܹһ壬һҲкôַ㿪˵ĴʮΣҪǿˣȻһ̬ȲȥҲá
˾֮㼴ˣַԴϴ̫ħ֮кһֻ̤̫Ԥˡ
һλ̫˹У¿˹ͬһչ㣬񷣬ȻַԤ߹ȥɽв˹ȣڵĽ˿ѷھͥݻֻǱ߷͸ϵС
˿ַ̣֮أǰһߴʮ׵ľͷ˵Ϊ͸һҰֻ֮в˵ȴԤԼַмģ硣
ַ㣬Ҳˡֻ˿̣һˬЦַĿ⳯ȥȻϤ֮ˣ׺
磬ôҲڴ˵أַЩ档
⻰㲻֪ô׺ǰ§ַЦԴڴ̫Ҳûƽˣһ̫õĳֵǶһϣ˿Ǻһ硣
ַ㡣Ŀַ⳯ޱȣ֮սַ㲻̫磬ӵмˣΪսλϾǿ棬ַ벻ѡ
֮壬ƺҲˣǴԽԽ󡣡ֻһĮַ֮ĿȥֻӰվһһַ׷ɱǬһʵҲǳǿᣬǽ߻һˣܶ࣬죬Ȼǵ䲻ò۶ϡ
ϴ󡣡һϲַֻһӰ߳ɵҲЦЦȭͷڳİħϴ¡
ϴҿ˵ڴ棬ϧҵʱڡħЩ˷ܡ
㱻˸ҲôַҡͷЦ˵ǿߴսΪʲô磬û
̫ϾĴھȻ֣ʮǰʱϴǲʥɣٶȾɱЩ˵󻰵ļһˡħ䵭ɨһǬǱߣһ㶼ʹ屾ͲôƣЩ˻Բѡ
ߡǬһȻ֪ħĻȻѪɲķԽұ˸ڸǣֱӵı¶⡣
ٶȲܴһУҲҲֹڴˡǬ
ַ㵹ҲûԷĿ⿴ǰĿ֮ʥޣҶһģ̫Ϊܳһˣ̫ľԺĲΣвٶŮĵҲ̫ĶЩ޺ŮͬΪ̫壬ͬȸߣңҲ֮Ĺʲôڡ
ǽ֮塣ֻһӰ˫ͫж̺棬ַ㡣
Ԥ߻Ӧ˶ԷĻĿЦ˼


2458 ս
Ԥ߿ӰЦµͬҼλţΣȻȴһЩ˭˵ͷ֮ʱͻˡ
ħ죬ǰ㴳һϢȻֻ֪ǣַ㲻ͬ꼶ɥ꣬Ϊ֮壬޳˾磬û
˻û塣ԤЦһ尵ʾַַǷɡ
ԣǿͣοһ壬Խ֮ȤȱһЩҲӰһַϲҷ˹ȵŮһ⡣Ц˵漴뿪ˣƬѡסֻҪ˱ɡ
˵꣬뿪ߣһȺȻȺַüͷȴڴ˿΢΢ţֻһ֮֮⳯ǰ׺˵ĻȻ˼ģ˹ȵŮ̫˽ܣһ꣬Ϊʲôַܲ
ղ˵ĻַΪʸ֮ģԷΪ֮
ʦ˹ʲô˼ַԤߴʵ
ϴ˵öûмŮбȻѹŭ֮󣬷˹ôǣҪ֮սΣǵŮȽҲ˵٣ҲԴԲսûʲôеġ
Ԥ߻ظһҲΪƣ֪˹ʲô˼
׺ЦЦĿַ㣬ļ򣬴ԵǶ֪˹Ϊ֮ǣɲɫġ
סַӦһ漴ʦҸطס°ɡ
СԤ΢΢ͷ
šֻһַͷǱȥǬпµ֮˳ַշѹ
Щըëôˡ׺Ц£ʱʹĿתˣ׺氮£ûж֣ҵҪ̫ʵôˡ
֣ʱ㡣׺ŶԷӦ
ԸԱߵǬˣɫϴε黹ûˣҲҪͰ׺ʹһս
ȻλôսǾɡ׺˵ʹڳ޶¶Ѫ˷ܣôã˵ìܲϣûײ񰽲׺ƵĶȻҪ׼սˡ
ߡǬһͬɫ㻮ʣ죬̫ˣٶȵһ֮
Щģٶȵȷ졣ԤߵһǵҲڿն
ΣɲǳԸɷġħĿ˸̫ȺǵĽ
ֻһӰƿշУڷ˹ȵϿջһ·˴к㣬ûܣǺܿ죬ХһƬȫɽĵطʺս
˭׺ʮ㣬ָָǬ֣Įս
ҡǬ˸ҪȻȴֵ㲻У׺Ȼʵȷʵǿ֮ǰ˵ѾкüϵԴԲں˱ԴǿˣѶԸɡ
ΪԱ˲Լ˵ԵüΪֱ̣˵ǬС
Щ嶼ǵưɡַаħǿطַĶһЩڣҲЩȺĳǿͨ޻кܴ̤ĳһ磬ͿɱͨǾĴڡ
ʦܿЩ𣿡ַԤߴʵΧвչһϢɲ⣬֮ǿ˵֮ǺǵŭХĺ֮ѪǼΪġ
塢Ѿ֪ˣҲСкģǳɽӰģǸϲԼ壬˸оΪ꣬ûвԤʵ
ȷϵϢ˸оܲ·ǸնĴڣҺΡַ㿪ڵ
ԣıΟߣȴԼ䣬ΣյһޡԤߵ
ַ΢΢ͷ˿Οģ֮˷·ǵĴ㣬ַһĿ⣬ʱַоһ
ûһܹСġַ㰵һǺӰˣۣȻĿ´ڣȻӦǾ仰гɾԽԽᣬһЩСʵȴǿԽҪСģΪǼС֡
ŮַЩ棬ΟߣּСƺЩײࡣ
˭ں䣬ֻʵңЩһɶ̥˭֪ŮҪʲôҲʲôֲͷءԤЦŻӦ
ʱ򰽲׺Ѿŭս硢աϵ򣬶ǴԲٶȼֱţؼȫӰӣַҲմԲĴɴڣٶȿ£۾޷ϡ
׺ɽÿһȭʱʵ޻ȴַ·ҪһնҲڳµģųûĽҲǷǳǿģƺҺͰ׺Ӳ
ֻٶ͵Ϯôë񡣡
Ǭһ漴ֻһ貽ɫն˹ζʮ㣬ַɫĮȭâƿգ¡죬
Ǭٶϣңַָ㣬սڡ
ˡַʾҲҪɵʥжǿ˵츳ǵһ̶֮һУͺñڵľʥǳǿһǾͲһޡ
ַ͡һ΢ϸ漴ͼǬʧȥӰȻַûаԥĳˣصʱҲܸˣܹĲ׽ԷʲôλãȻƶٶȿ쵽ЩӦ˿ӰֵĹ
ֵַһɲ·ϵˣͬŭХĺ㣬һ𵴸зĺ·Ĺϵӣ͵촫ط·ƿȻһ˲䷵أվ֮ϣǬԴϣѪȻղŶַʵƲ㣬ǿĹˡ


2459 
ǬԴ漴â˸ֻһɫ֮תʱƻָȻǬȴһѪĿԽַ㣬漴ֻһΪȻ廯֮һǬĿⶼôĮ
ַĮǬɫ͸ż֮⣬Ǭٶȡѹ
͡ӰͬһɲǼʧַɫôĿ
ַһ̼䣬ޱȵֱѹ˶Էϡ
ַٺȣʹټǽɫȷ˺֮ܶ࣬⾳
һХֻԷԻ˱壬ٶٶȼͬʱֻޱȵĽɫצȽҪŲͬλַ㣬͸һС
ַ㽫⾳ͷţͬʱ·뵽УŲƶ͵촫ַԴ͸ֻһ˫۾ǬԱߡ
ַȭͷ˳ȥ죬쵽ļ£ղһ𵴲ŰɢǬ޴ͫ¶мɫɫצֱӺַײ
ˣ˵Ĺײһ飬ΧһɿµĲɢַֻоԼȭͷ֮ϣʹȭͷʹȻ˿ӰĶȭâ֮ȻһµУֲӴֱӾȥҪ̵
ᡣַ䣬Ǭֻоϴʧһĸоˣڱַϰ룬ɵ
һµ𵴶һֽɫĻݻһУַɫޱȣǰһʯڣһУԷһ嶼ˣҪԷ˳׵İ
꣡ʯ飬ֻһ˫ɱɫ壬ǵøӵ
ַӰ磬Ȼ䳯źƮˣٶȼ죬뿪ɲǼ䣬ǬӰͬʱַٶȿƺˣޱȵĿ£·ľٶȣؼǿ٣ķ綼ͬһ
ַˣ˷·𱻷ţؼĸţһжӲĸ֪Էٶô죬ֻҪһɲǾܻ
죡ַһ֮⾳֮⾳ǬʹǬһ㶣漴ַ£ʱٶѾ쵽ֱӴַԹι
ħɫһһƯԷͻأ٣죬쵽ԼӦֱַ㣬Ǭܹ˲Լ֮ٶȸı乥λ
ǬֱӳַǿĳȺͯĴǿߡ
³һΪʹɫһ
ôѵƾҲҪԣǺͯǿЦ£ǬݵӣֱһץȻȴʱֻǺͯϳһƣ޴ޱȵʯƣǵǬצڹ֮ϣȻûܹˡ
ǬҪˣȻһˮͻأ˳ˮ͸ſµȻסǬ壬һС
Գ֡Ǻͯһȭ¡һǬͬʱ÷ˣȳѪ
ںϱԴַɫ£⺢ͯһﾹȻôǳ¡
һߣ׺ֵսҲֳʤ˶޷κζԷ׺ȻǿٶȲ֣˶û޵ĵƳ
˿̣Ο߶ԶʱĿ⳯ǱȥֻһӰþȣ·й⻷ΧƣϵŮ̫Ưˡ
Ů档
ֻŮĿ⿴һַۣͣһɲǣƿλҷ˹ȣʲô𣿡
ȻΪŮΟЦδ˵ƺҲ֮˼
ôǸɡŮƽ˵漴תЩ˾ðŮȥʱһմ֮أһȷ֮š
ȥĹأ׺Ŀ£ЩȣŮûг֣һ֣ȻҪȥĹأǵطɲġ
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ʦַ㿴Ԥһۣʱ䲻ôࡣ
ڷ˹ȵԤ΢Ц£ƺһֱôַ㡣
ãһԼʱħ塣
ҺϴһȥħҡͷΣҲϴֿˡ
ַĿһħļᶨ漴΢΢ͷǺðɣ֮ĹϣҲá
߰ɡŮֱ˶оǷ̫ͻأһЩŮ治֪ʲô˼ΪͻȻ֣ʹ
Ҳ˲䣬ַоԼһƬݺĻҰпռ䣬ǳǿ
ħ·˼Ұ㣬̫磬ʺޡ
ഫƬĹأǰ޶е磬֪ΪγĹأȻϹĩڵľսйء׺˵Ůǰͷ˽һǰУҲ֪ԷҪȥġ
ΣաַͻȻӦȺĿ׷һλֻһɺͺһ
ԴؼԴʴǾŮ濪˵Ⱥ׷ܺˣаĹأдƬԴÿ¡
ߣ̫ӴˡŮȺ·ûжãּ˴Ƭˮ֮Դ·ð㣬͸֮⣬һһΪԴ
ȥ庢ͯԼΟ߶¶֮⣬޲ó嵽ȥһŮûͣ˼ߣ·ϤĵΣȻ֮ǰٴΡ
˵ŮõϿɣģصϤ̶ȿƿ£Ȼ౾ԴûΣա
ǺϤ㡣ַ׺Ļ΢΢ͷڣһõĳǰƺŮĿĵأȺõͨƮŲ֪Ϊء
ַ㡣ţͻأ䴫ʹַɫ΢ǰôˣ
ַ㣬ŵ˺ʱϢţڵַĿʱ£ⲻĹΪкʱϢ


2460 
Ĺأͺʱ⾹ȻģңȻŮŻ˵ᳵ·ܿΣգʱⳤȡ
ôоᵽһ֮⣬Ů棬ʲôط˿ʵ
֮ĹСŮ濪˵ʹɫ£Ĺô
Ȼ˵أΪҪǣֻΟĿ͸һĨ֮ϢЩŮĶĹŮΪδ
ʱⳤȣÿζڲͬĵطҵһкܴ뵽ˣϣλһȥŮ濪˵ʹðħַ㣺ϴ󣬷˹Ȳ⣬֪ǽ֮壬ߣһ
ң˶̫ܣԸҲûʲô˵ġַӦȥ֮һжҪСġ
ħ˵ͷŮѾ̤ĳȣһ⾳ˣȷ·ûֹ֪ȥңż
СЩ⣬ҪҪûǡŮ濪˵Ƭռ䣬֮
ţǰ֪õôַ㿪ʵ
ʱճȣСģĹʱ籩ǧҪ뵽棬ʲô鶼пܷںʱ棬ʱǴµģпͻȻ䱻뵽ʱշ籩棬Զͳ߳ʱ˲ϢǧˡţַԺʹַ𵴣ûʱ˫ԣһֻ꣬кܶʱ䣬Ҳһ˲䣬ȴǧִ꣬ңǷǳµġ
һǰмΪСģһߡ
Сģʱ籩ʱǰһɷ籩ڵķ˹ʹͫ£ĳԱߵǽȥǷ籩Ⱥǰӹ˴ҳɷ籩ǰ
߰ɡŮɫƽ·Ѿϰ˰㣬֪УЩǰ죬ȻͨĿռ䣬ǲ·
Ů棬һֱôĿĵǰУĺͯ
ǿõĻҲбջãͱȥˡŮ濪˵ʹ˰̾󵨡
ʱǰһҹƻƬ˸оĿѣ
ˡһͻأ漴˷֣Ӱ˺ǣ·һȴңлһʥǳµʥϢЩ˶ȻĶ
ϼʥЩĿȣǬҪļȥԣܷʥ
Ҫðաֿڵ
û£ҵٶȣû⡣ǬŲǰһ̤漴һΪһ廯ȻĴӰ̼ͬ⣬ʱ籩ȥµĿ졣
ˣֻצֱӿʥȻʱһ⾳籩˹ȥ
ǬٶȻ磬ʥҪȥȻһ̵ٶȷ·ţҪһͫ
áĻ£ֱӱ棬ƻܿ죬ǹʱ籩һ𱻾ˡ
ÿֲһ㷴ûСȺǬֻһȻתַ㣬Ŀ⼫Ϊ䡣
ҵˡǬ˵ɱйַ¶һĨŹֵɫҲֻһڤڤеĸо˵ǷӰ޷϶Ǭ˵ùҲԼ̫ԴԵʡ
֪νַ˵ԷǼǰߵ;У˲ʱ籩ˣıЩĸо𺳣֪ЩʲôڣǶǰеġ
ҵˡʱŮͻأĿڣ͸һĨϲǰһ貵İ׹⣬˲Ϣš
ܹҽȥŮָǰİ׹⣬˵ʹȺ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ҵһ뵽ʱ򣬲Сıְ׹ȥˣȥһطҼĹȥȥŮ濴ʵ
ȻŮô˵ȻԸǰ˿˵׷ǰ
һǣ߽ȥɣҪ˭Ȼ¾·һŮЦһЦ˸оߵϱͷ·Ź⻷һЦ
˷׷ǰƺ볯Ů濿ȥȻֻŮһֻһĺͯһַֻ㣬һЦ
ϴ󣬿ŮȽСˡħЦ£ַǰȥǣŮ棬һǣŰħ漴ͬʱ׹֮⣬̼䣬Ǳ·ֱӴ͸գʼڿռ䳤С
ʱⳤȡַǶһʱ֮ãһЩսӰҰ֮УһĻĻսһţкܶһ𴳵Ӱ죬òʵģʱӡǣҲǵԺӡǡ
漴ָֻ⣬籩ǰιǸо̫ˣصϢ
ڴ˿̣ͻȻ䣬ַֻ㾪ŭĺһɫ˲ɷס
ϴ󡣡ħ󾪣ַ㣬ϴôˣ
ġַţ˦ŮͰħ֣ĽŲǰ˹ȥ
ϴ󡣡ħַ㣬ַȥ
ַҪħ˦Ȼħȴ
ȻҪȥһȥɡͻأһ漴һ˫޴ɨַͰħһɨ˳ȥ
ַȻתǬ亮⣬漴ֻĳһƣŰ׺տħ
˵ַ꣬ȻתԶ˹ȥʹðħһϴ󡣡
ȫΣַʱȥܻܿһͻһĻ˶ˣַ֪׿ʲô
ַ׹֮󣬶һ֮ԺХȻַȴɫ䣬ɳǰ
ַ㣬ˡţǽغʱ⣬˽ʱ򣬶á
ҿҺӣ뵽档ַظһղһĻĻʱһĻ棬ˣ죬ʥЯ˺ʱ⣬һƬռУǣ֣Σ
쵰ȻˣΪҪʱðաַаӣ֪ˣһңǵû飬ַ֪Ƕš


2461 ʱ
ַ㳯Ż·ǰУһʱ籩ǰιʹΪСģоԼСһΣѵǰţΣء
ôкʱֽءַĸоĿֲʱ㣬
ַ㣬ڵĿռʱѾıˣȻǸоǹ˶ˣֻܸʱˡţַ㿪ڵʹַɫһϣʱһЩǿĻֻҪܶݵʱ䣬һԼҪˡ
ղַоԼʱ籩з·ֻɲǣ˿ҪѰʥĵطȴ·ҪܾһһֱҲǷ籩·ڣַҲԹǴѶѶûãϾϵ
̧ͷϿһƬɫķ籩ǰιַо⣬·Ƭռ㣬ǹ¼ŵ䣬ַ㣬ʱƯĿģ·𶼼ǲԼˣԶûоͷ㡣
һ׹˹ͬˮҪûһУַ磬Ա߱ܿȻ⳱ˮҪеطʹַɫѿȫһϣĺ˳ȥʹǰ׹һȱڣɲǼ䣬ַ·˲ư˹ȥ׹պϵɲǣַĽóݺݵţΣգѾ˺ܶΡ
ȻʱǰкüɱԴַַɫѿ֪ؼַø֪ȥ۲磬ƶɱһˮ֮Դֱֱۣ˲ϢðỤ̋·ս˰㣬۵ַҧǹ֮ʹ
ðŰ̵˿ת˲·˰㣬ʹַ㶼û֪
ˮ֮Դ䵽㣬ҲǷе㣬̫ʹˡַԴϵĻָԼƣȻȴСĽǰУĺ뽥ĳĳ
ţǰ˶ˣַ㿪
ʮꡣһӦַԺʹĿ£ʮ꣬ϣû¡
ЩַҲ˼ΪıԴǿ̶ֳȣԴ֮ȴûô£ңַԼףԼıԴ룬ƺߵ֮·ƫҪΣ̤֮ء
ַ㡣ʱţʹַɫ£ֻǰ˷籩ڣַʥĵط
棬δҪȥ𣿡ţأ棬˭Ҳ֪ʲô
ַ΢΢ͷǷ籩ȥʲôһҪȥҵʥ
һ⻯̽ġַֿ˵漴һַӰ֣뵽˷籩ڣܿ죬ַ֪ͨ龰ɵ𺳣öΣٶȺܿ죬ͨûʲôʵͨ
˺ܾãַ㿪ڵȻСһûͨҲᵽһȫطԷɹΣա
˵գֻķ籩УַԼҲ֮棬ֿµΣ֣ǿþȻΪһжоգ籩ٶȼ죬ʱͽַһռ䣬ֱַӱ˳ȥֻסΣΧʱЩˡ
ﾹһƬȻȴһƬİ׹ǰ׹·ʱƬ
Ƭ֮ϣַ㿴ޣңˣʵǿ
ʱҲС硣ַͷ£ֻһӰХ˴ͷԵмңȴɾĿ񣬶ַ㣬ߣνģ
һɷ籩Уˡַ㿪˵
ͼǰһһáӰЦʹַͫСһǰ
Ȼʱ٣δ֪ʱ䡣ַȻ𾪣ȴƷһʯͷ
ʱʶǣ
ʶ´ȥַ㿪ڵ
ã˴ַǰУʱһ鰫ǰĲϣֻһλˣ꣬ƺ졣
졢ʥַ㺰ʱݺݵĲ£̧ͷַ㣬ǵ۾˲
סʥͬʱ漴ַǰݺݵӵ¡
ټˡ̾һ˼ֳ֮УΪַ𺳣Ѿ̤˴ʥ֮ˣһ
ַ¶һĨŹֵЦݣ꣬츸ףƺûӾãо졣
ãűáַοʥʥҲ̤Сʥ磬ǳǿ
ǵľ磬ҪΪˡַЦ
¶һĨЦݣֻЩÿʱϵİæûʱϵչˣǿûľ硣
ַĿ⿴·ͨߣʱоɲ⣬͸ֻ£΢΢Ƿַ㣬лǰչСһ
лԼ츳ãչʲôãһῨĳһ硣Ц˵СǱԴ壬Դ׾٣ͷҶеȡ
Դ壿
ַ㿴һۣСһСӵиϵȷǿ츳
ǸŽᣬúģͷȥæˡʱЦ뿪ַ㿴ʥʵôöûȥô
ʱ˵ʱδʥӦһףһ鱦أǴȥط
˵ţһǣַ㳯ĳȥƬַ֮㷢ǾԼƬռʱкܶʱⳤȣ涼пռ䣬иϵرԴԼֻ
Ǿ򣬲ĵطʱϺ˶İǣ˽ľ磬ףѾüϵԴԲˡʥЦҲЩҲŬУԺø׵ģ͸ײս
սЦŵͷ
üһǳˣߣȥĸסַһԴ漴ЦŵǽԼУ顢ļҲǼΪˣֺκɣЦˣһˣԵڡ
ػʣҲַһˣ·Թ߰㣬ܵĺҶӰ죬ػϵѾԽԽˡ
㻹Ҹ𣿡ַػʵ
ػɫӣĿⶢַ㣬漴۾ҡͷˣĸԸģҺ
ܷ±áַЦ£ζԹҲǷµʱˡ


2462 ƭ
ַԼռʱһµģַԼУʼԵʥˣͬʱǳһУԼҵʱϡ
ǰַվʱǰ΢΢Ƿǿ
Сһͷʲô°ʱЦſַ㣬
ǰ˵ȮԼ츳ǲŵģֻǰȮӣʣֻһʱٲǶ٣ַ㿪ʵ
ҿдѡʱЦƵ˵δشַ⣬漴ȥɣҪʣʲôġ
ǰҪַɫһ
Լȥǡʱϲ˵ʹַͫԶԣֻʱĿⶢַ㣬漴ֵСţţô档
ַɫһĺݺݵţз˾޴ĲΣСţţ
ֻâ˸ûַţֱӳ棬ֻ㳯ǰʱϣĵݼʱϡ
öˣСţţôˡʱЦ֮ʱ۾гһ϶ַȴԽţ˵ǰ˵ʱ⣬ʱʱ˿̣ʱ϶˵þòˣȻʱʱʹڡ
µǣţʵȻݼʱϣôʱϡ
ţǰַţ
Ҫˣʱ϶ġţֱӿ˵ַ㣬ʲôҪܣҲҪ㺢ӣȥɡ
ַɫһ漴΢΢ͷ𵴵£ʱ⣬ǽغʱ
ַ뿪֮ţߵʱǰ漴ӣʱϣָ̣СţлʱΣҪְַ𣿡
ʱ۾ҡҡͷҿûָҲõܽʱⲻˣҶŮһСӣͷҿɲ
ǷŮҲţ
ûУȥһϢĵطҾ˳ôû뵽ѾͷȻˣǵӴ̰ɡʱҡͷЦ
ַأѵʱϲ׼ȥţֵ
ԼҺθɣֻĶҵϲģϣһֱͷңżǳȥתתʶʱϷ·뵽ʲôĶʱ۾
ʱǽǵˣţͷ΢ַӵˣֻᣬûаɣǺöˡ
û˵ƽѵþһӣǵӣ̫ˣȻˣͷһˣңҪҼȡʱô˵ţ۾ȴ¶Ц⡣
Сţһ⣬ˣ𣿡ţ΢΢ţһֱҪ֪Ĵ𰸡
˵ʲô˵ġʱ۾Ц£ɱ׻ˣҾ뿴һε֡
ţ̾ϢʳʲôǲˣԷʲôй¶ϴһһΣʱϾͰˣǴȥ뵱꣬Ǻεûܹ
ˣҿԸһ㡣ʱʱϿţʹȼһϣ
ҸղſһûƭСӣϵ˹⻷ԽԽأҲԺܵùùҲǳɳʱգգ۾˫Сۣܹ͸һС
ʱϺţĶԻַǲ֪ģҲ²ʱʲôڣʥֲֻᣬȻַ㲻СһʱϺεȿֲţСһȻܵӦ˶ԷʲôȻ˵⵱׵ġ
ַ㲽ʱⳤУĻʱⳤֻҪСЩڷԲǧ֮ڣǲΣģʱַǰˮϵıԴһȼ赲סȥ·
ıԴַǰ漴ϥǰˮ
ˮƺû壬ȻˮԱ⣬ܹ䵽£ˮһﵽе㣬ȴˣǰˮʱȻ涼ַЩˮ
ˮķֽ⣬Ƶķֽ⣬һˮڵϣɢɺܶˮˮܾۺϣһˮۺһ𣬻ٲֲ̺
ҪˮʣһϵԴԲַһҪˮϵԴ⿪ȥĸܣ󣬽֮ںϵһ𣬾ˮϵԴԲַǰԲԴľ顣
ַ㰲֮ʱʥ˳ȵһˣĿ⿴ַ㣬ɫ˸
죬ʱϣΪԸǣȴϰסʥ촫
ʱʲôڣҲܹ²⵽һ㣬˼ǺףЩǵľֱλð㡣촫Ӧ
ʱϣΣʵ飬ʲô£ǵϴʱϵǰûжһ
ǼǴ֡Ŀ˸ʥҲŬУһ£ܲڰڣֱԴںһ𡣡
áʥ˵ͷ˱һȥ
ںʱУܼ򵥣ַոˮϵԲ漴ȥԼ磬ʥˣУǶйʥÿʮַ꣬Ϊǽʥٶн֮ܳˣʥˣڣʮУַʱ䣬Ȼһλʥˡ
ʱַվһȱԵĿ⿴ǰһõĳӣʱⳤӣÿַܵǹʱ⾳
졢ϵǵյ㣬ʱ⣬ʱܹȫƿأǾܹӿʱ٣߼ʱ٣ǿʱϵãһʱ䣬Ӹıռ٣Ӱʱ䡣
棬֪ȥˡַ̾һ漴ת뿪ÿֻ죬ַһվλãʱⳤӷ
ţһգ̤ʥַһַϣЦŵʱţȻЩ飬ʱ⣬Ҳ޷ı䡣
޷ı䣿ַ£顣
ѵΪʱʲôܸıһǧһ𣿡Цˣַ
ǰûа취ı䣬ʱ䣬ܸıʲôַͻȻסˣʱ䣬ܸıʲôʱٲͬ﹥湥һ
ʱ⡢ʱ⣡
ַݺݵĲ£漴ЦˣƭˣƭˣҲԼƭˣ


2463 ʱ
ַ㿴ǰʱⳤӣ΢Цŵţǰұƭˡ
֪ںʱţַɫĮַ㣬³ˣ
ˡַ˵ͷ
ͶˣֱӸ㣬Ѿ֪ģȥ򣬲һܸԼԼǰٹ̵뷨ͷǴģҿ϶ԼƭˣԼƭˣⱾһִ󳹴򣬲𣿡ţ
ˣʱ⣬ϵûйıʲôҲɱˣֻȥѡַЦ£ʱ⣬ʵʲôı䲻ˣһִڣͻ桢ˮһ֮䣬ֻǣмѭʱ⣬·עģץס
˵ţַָǰʱⳤӣʱΪʱ⣬ʱⱾԴߴ֮һĺʱ⣬һֱԴʱⱾԴ֮
ַԵ΢΢£غʱ⣬ɱԴ֯ɣʱⱾԴ
ʱⲻں϶ɣµռʱⱾԴʱ⣬ؼıԴʱ⣬ͺԴҲıԴǿһԳɡַ˵ţѵ¶һĨЦ⣬ڵÿˣվ￴ʱΪʱ𣿡
ʱʲô޷ı䣬ҪģӦںϵʱ⣬Сַתţţ˫۾ЦԽŨĶˡ
ţǰܸıʱ٣Ϊ㽫죬ʱⱾԴںϣԣܼʱǿıԴԴһͬԼʱ⣬ȻҲԼʱ٣ңּӿǲתģԷʵǿҲתʱ⣬Ҳóʱ
ʱ⣬ΪʱⱾԴټϺʱаؼĸִԴˣһЩԴҲʱнһֽڣУʱ⣬Ҳˣ͵¸ͬʱҲܼ룬ʱ⣬γɵġ
ַ̾һһأȫʱⱾԴŸϵԴ
ҾͲ֪ˡţЦ£ô
Ȼȥ¡ַǣ飬飬ȥҳȥߡ
˵ţַֻȻʱⳤ֮С
ַ㡣ɫһȴţɣ˼ǧǿˣ
¶һĨЦݣȻַ㣬һġ
ʱⳤ֮⣬ݵ֮ϣʱǣǰʥСǡ
ϵ͡ʱϷ·Ϥһа㣬Ц˵ʹ£ʵʱϣҸôˣ
ȥʱƯˡʱЦŵָоһҲһˣȥµĵط
ʵϣַһҲо̤뵽ʱⳤ֮ôʱⳤ֮УƯţؼʣһˣȴҲ¶
ַܲпڣںϵıԴ͸ܲ㣬ҴڵʽʱΪܵʱʵǼٹʱ⡣
죬ַ૵ҪںϱԴȣҪںϵıԴ̤ԲоԴѾԶˡ
ܽԴںϵʱУټĴءԼˮϵԴԲȥμԼ֮սӦʤ˰ɣȻô棬׹˶ãⱻٵʱ⣬Ƕ٣ַһж֪ңڻ޷߳ʱ⡣
ͥǷƱã֮Լս˼ķ粨ȺʶܻһıֵĻ棬Ѿ̫ǿߣʼ֮ǻۡ
ֵ硢̫硢򣬷׷ǿ֮߳Χ֮ϵԼݣǷܹͬһĴǡ
Ȼֹؼʱ̣дַ㣬ʧˣܿ޷ԼսдԴַ̫̤˺ʱ⣬ܿ棬ִԣһûлӦܲ⡣
Уһкһֻ˿ʵħ컹ûл𣿡
̫СӦ
ûַϢ
ںʱУܱܿסˡĵֵʹɫأƼʻᣬѾʼǲǿǰˣַԼս֮ղֵĻԣģֱнڻǣʱַߵЩˣҲվһ
ڵȴַ㣬飬Ҳڵȴվʱⳤȵľͷ鿴ǰʱⷢ˹ôˣǼһﻹİȻû
תƲƲ죬ЦǼһ֪ΣգȴߵôΪ˲ǵ𡣡
ϱѹˡҡҡͷҲˣϣԺֵܰһ㡣
˵ʲôء˿ֻ̣һʹԼĶ£̧ͷȥһӰ溬΢Цǵǰվʱĳ֮УôȵվţЦ
ĵ漴һĨЦ⣬㻹֪
ңôòַǰ볤֮У˫ֱַŮ
˭㣬𣿡գգ۾ȴǽ϶㡣
𡣡ַЦŽŮ࣬ʱŮ˲ݺݵַ⣬ַ㵹˿
ַҵţڵţǰҪ뿪ʱ⡣
뿪ţʱϿɲæ
Ưȥţһгȥ֮յġַЦŵţ΢΢˵ͷãѾˣôܹƯȥ
ַ㲻ÿɷЦ£ҵʱԼʥߵʱǰַ㿪ڵʱϣҵ뿪
СʱϿַ㣬ҡҡͷʹַɫ΢ͣʵΪΣ
ûΪΣǲߡʱϵַ
ַ㣬Ȼʱô˵ɡţ˵ʹַĬ£漴΢΢ͷʥǺúô⡣
סʥĿ⿴ʱϣ¶֮⡣
ҿɲʱϿˣЦ˵
ǰ£Ժлٳȥɡַ֪ʱϷǳˣ΢΢Ƿ鷳ʱչСˡ
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2464 ع
ʱⳤȣַعͷʥЦȥɣúøʱС
ף֪ʥɫַ㡣
㵱ΪɵءַЦ£漴ţһۣţһΣôҲζȥ԰ɡ
ǴҸ˳ȥġţӦ
Σ͸ҡ
֪߳ʱ⣿ţʵ
ЩʱƯҲ򣬶ҷ˺ʱһأֻҪ˳ͬһʱͻܰȫַĿⶢţЦǷҲζţ̤ʱˣֻʱ⣬Ҹ֪ʱ٣ܴӺʱ߳ȥ
ţЦ£ûж˵ʲôǰ㳯ǰʱⳤȥ߰ɡ
ַ㿴źԼʥԼģ飬ģǸʱϣԿġ
Ȼ֪Щ᲻ãȻվǻַ磬ַԼţһ̤ʱⳤӣʱ
ţǰȥҵܷһַ̡ʱƮԵţЦ£ʹţ۾ôҪţͷˡ
ǰ֪Ҳ޴⣬ֻǣҪʱжѡַʼ磬ʹţٵһۣϣţͳȫ㣬ɡ
лǰˡַţıϣƯʱⳤ֮У¶һĨЦ⣺ţǰȻܹ֪ʱ٣Ƿ´λ
԰ֻҪԸںʱƯҲ֪ҪƯòܳȥҪҵʱǲܣδá
ַЦ£ȷ˿̻֪ҪƯòܳȥʱƯʱǼʮֹ꣬꣬¶ǳַ֮ͣǰôʱûںʱдľá
ţϣַ漴Լ硣
ҲܵøˣգѾλʥַˣеʵɶϲ۾֮ˣԼˣ٣ַ㲢û̫⣬֮΢ʱܹܵʱ⣬ܹץסʱ֮ˡ
񽫿ʱںϡʱںϣֻҪԸ⣬һ䣬ܸıʱ٣ڣֻı˱٣ȵһЩʱһʼٱǧʱǧֻ꣬һ꣬ҵᷱܲô
ַЦ£磬һգƵģǰڣҪȥȵԼѭ֮㲻ٲ֣ܻ
ʱжֲͬʱ٣ÿһʱٹɵʱ֮ӣƺһض켣ֻҪѭ켣ȥı䣬㲻ԵΣַʱƯ귢ֵİأţʱ⣬ȻҲֹһأֻ˳ʱⳤƯķҲֻһֱ֮ΪԶ֪ҪƯãǷѭַ㣬ҲֻǱȣûѡ
ʮ̫ʱıԵ֮أвǿ߳ǣĿʱ⣬ǾߴΪصĺʱ⣬δ֪˵кܶͬ磬ȻҲֻǺ
ʱˡڴ˿ֻ̣˾һʱһǿĿ⳯źʱȥֻһڻţ֮ϣںʱаƯ⡣
һͷţһˣǳµĴڡ𾪣漴ֻǻţһ̤·Խһبǰܿ죬˺ʱ⡣
ˣޡַ˿̶ˣͬ˫˸ֻţַ߳㿪ʵ
Щɫһͷţ겻ĳԶʱڵĴڰɡ
ǰ̫磬ʱԵһ˹˵ʹַһϲˣڳˡ
սΣַٶʵ
ս㶣ǰָϹ֮ս
Ϊַʵսǰǳս
ǣԼսΣַʡ
Ŷ˶ȥˣ쿪ʼˣ֪λʲô֡ӦһĻ䣬ַţ˳ȥٵĸϸͬʱַͨѶԤߣԼڻȥ·ϡ
ûʼⳡս֣ûпʼü
Ȼ֪ǳԼսַȥ֮ЩȥסˣǳԼսǰŶģǷζţ̤ʱʱ䲻꣬ŴӺʱ߳ˡ
·;УַԤˣԤһֱ̫˹ȵַ㣬ȴû뵽ַĳڻˡ
ʦˡַһֱԤ߱ϵ˲ܻһ顣
߱˵κأһѡԤ߿ڵ
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̥ҪǸıԼ뷨̫ҲһѣˣЩһֱڷ˹Ⱥһ˽ӴûǸı䡣
ڣΨһϣӮεԼսѹСܶ࣬ռ֮Ԥ߿ڵ֮ˣҲףΪ֮Ա죬ˣ֮ˣûԼ죬δ
ַĬ֪ĶʵΣΨоŬӮⳡԼսԼⳡսЩĵģȻҲС֡
ַ㣬㣬׼ˣԤĿⶢַ㣬ʵ
ϧһУҲӮⳡսַ£شǷģֻʤ
ַԤǻص֮ǣΪԼս֮ţۼ̫ǿߣǿν֮Уʥˣţëһɼʢ̫֮ûȳˡ
һգ֮УӰһŷ֮ϣǰʥվ̨
ַ㡣ĵȻĿַ㣬¶һĨЦ⣬ڻˡ
õˡַ΢΢Ƿ
ˣҴûл᲻֡΢Ц·ˣһս
ַĿ⳯¿ʥվ̨ȥȻһЩϤӰ³ۣȻ·Ӳڤ˫ֺʮͬڰ㣬ͳʽȻͬǣСʥ֮ٶȣҲǳ
֮ȳͿڤԶҲǷǷ֮ˡ˵
ַ˵ͷֿԼʦֺ֡ĪϧҲˣл磬Լܳӡ


2465 ʢ
ĵӶټͬԴ˴εĽѣ¿յһףַ㿪ʵս֮ˣǷȷˣ
Ѿȷˣղμӹ֮ˣ֮⣬ڤͳսСʥ֮սͺ֣ս벽ʥ֮սǣڸԽ׶ε۷壬սѾˡĵЦͷ
ַ΢Щȣû뵽վ߳ˣЩʱУǰС
ɣôǰһȵľأңһ磬ǡתһ硣Ц£һ˳ɳҲ𺳣Զľˣϴֵٰ졣
ʱֻĿǰڵһ籩УˣսѡȷȻ˭Ҫ˳˭ΪܹȡǶ֮ɶлᡣ
ĿԶĬЩѾйٴν棬Ѿڿˡ
Ȼû飬ô׼ɡٶ˵漴ͬһȥַ̤¿յʥս̨ϣĿɨ˳һֻۣĿаâ˸ַĿײһ
ʦ֣׼Σַǰʵ
Ψս֪ˡЦ»ӦҲ˹ַ
֪ܼʮַ㿴Ц
ַ㣬һΪǾģû뵽ֻģҵʵǵģǶ˦Ҵ󾳽磬һŬ׷ǣһΣΪ㡢ΪսһգһһսַЦĿ͸һĨᶨִ֮
ҵ㡣ַ΢Цŵͷ
ַ㣬ΣҪСĵ㡣Īϧǰڵ˷ǱȻҪɱ죬ɾʹԲıԴãСġ
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һܣ׳ۣһ񴸣ܱߵջε׵͵죬Եޱȡ
̫׳ˡԶǿֻԶԶĹţǿ̨λ־Լӭۣγɵ÷Բǧض֣ѹֶأҲⳡԼս塣
˿̣յУһӰۣ֮·֮ˣʳ˼֮ûɱûĮΨַ豹֮⾳˸оΪ泩ǣˣ֮ϣ·йâϣǿ߽١
ֱӽȨȷСȺеȨȣɵͷݡ
ҽգĵ˰ɣϴΧַʱʹ˷ͼ¼
ʱֻĵĿһɨˣЦڵλʤңȻⳡԼսҪ˵Ҫ֪ҺԼսļУˣǳʲôȻⳡԼսǺ£ôյ˵˵ǣ˭
յĿ񣬷·͸գڸ̨֮ϣЦǣѩŽħ
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һֻĵ΢Ц
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̫壬ԸΪ˴ս֤淽򣬸̨֮ϣһԴϢİԵƽ˵ʮ㣬ǣһɰԵ
Ըǰ֤ʤмЦͷ
壬ԱߣǿߣֻˣУͷɫڣ˶͸һ
塢塢壬Ƕֻ̬Թߡ
УˣͳعʱյĮڣֻ֮ϣƽӿ漴ֻһ߾߹ľ֣£̫磬մ֣Ͳռݸλλˡ
˵գתȫʧ·ûгֹ㡣
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УƼһˡ˿ֻ̣Ⱥ֮УʱһĿ⳯ȥʱϳ
Ҳˡֻգ漴Ц죬мλͣƼΪУû˻ġ
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2466 ɽ֮
¶һĨЦ⣬漴ڵʦǰ˴Ϊ˴Լս֮ȻΪʲ
ʦȺһۣϴһĨЦݣ漴һλ̨λӷֱǰλá
Ȼˣұ㵱ʲˡʦֻģȻȴʵ˸омֹ֮Уļ˶ԣǴûмصľһʦ
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ħħʥ̤ʥʮ꣬޷ںϵԲԴ֮⣬ܹҪ£һ磬ս֮˹Ȼħʥ
ַ㣬Ķħʥħʥʵǿܹ˵ƶ˵˼룬ںħԲԼԲľʥ£սաԤߵƮַĤ֮УʹַĿ⳯ŶһħͷȥԵΪ衣
⣬ͿڤǵĶֱ֣µʥԼĿаʥ
ԼֵĶŽĲʥԼһλ֪ʥˣ˵ֻǰ벽ʥˣȻȻս츳˵Ӧ֮ȻڳˣȷʵܹϵֻղǴӱѩ߳ǳء
һԿ˴γս˫һ㶼ں츳֮ˣǶᣬһߣƵʥһЩܶǰѾм¶Ŀֲֻбѩλء
ħʥʥаʥʥ˵һθԵ۷ڣ˳ʤСַ㣬Ÿʱ䣬ûкħʥ
ս˫һΪ֣һսܣǾΪ֣λΪΣʦĿˣǵ˼ά
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˷ԼսǿͣˣռƣˣһȳˣѡͬǿӦսΣʦٶ˵Ȼ飬յĬ£漴һЦԡ
յšȺаݣսȷʵҪԿС˿ˣÿս֮˶жĴڣεǿᣬһȻǷȱ˵̣ЩȻѡǳսҲԼɡ
Ȼôˬ죬ǾͿʼɡʦ΢Ц˵¶һĨЦ⣬ʱ˵Ŀ⣬ȫ
һսаսյ˵ʱаʥս̨֮ϡ
ڤһսȥɡָɿڤӦս
ǡڤ˫ֺʮƮа棬ɫƽ˵ָ̡
͡аû˵ֱһָƿգʱ֮ϣƳָؼ͸Żʥ⣬ָͬʱɱ·ָͬɣ춼Ҫ𣬻棬˲Ϣսֻ̨ʦƻӶʱս̨һ֮֡
ڤв³޴ַƮؼ޾ŷӡĴһС
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ɱ𣡡
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ȻڤȴǰĵȻ쳹أͬڿڤϣһޱȾ޴ķףĴλв³һպȥһгշѹҪ޷ͬʱһֱƮаĶĤ֮УʹаԺг򷨽ԿգԴȫǷŷ
аģԺ֮һ֮𣬽֮Ժܷš
ͬʱ磬ؼ޾֮а֮ϣһ⣬һ⽥͸֮ɫԽԽͨ͸ЩӽķӡɲǼɢ
ǣȺͫһ⣬̫ˣ֮顣
ܹ»ҡаſڤ˵漴ֻһ̤շ·ͣһָȥǰһĨ⣬һ⣬һУ𣬶Ҫȥ
ӡ£Ȼ㣬֮һ⣬ȴз֮
סȫû𡣡ȺһҲɫһڤһô
𿿽ڤ֮ʱֻڤԴ̧аһ̣аͻȻ¶Ŀ־壬еĿ־壬е𣬶ҡ
азһ˻漴ȺеĻͻȻûɢ֮ϣһ޴ޱߵķָɽշѹ£¡һ죬аֱӻ˻ҽ
ܣǿһôаôܡ
˶סˣ漴ֻ˵Ŀ¶âȻתʱ򿴵龰ûд
һսǻ֮顣ֻڤ˵˵΢΢ͷƽ˵ڤ֮ȥ㱾ġ
ڤת˵΢΢ǷлΪС
˵գֻڤ˸ƮȻȥȥ֮ǰַһۣʹ˵̾ϢһǾˣΪ顣
ַĿ⿴ſڤȥ֮ǰǵ·ʲô㣬֪ڤ˭ˡ
ɽʮݣؽѣһĹ°ɣħ֣ң޷ħ󳹴򣬲ŷħǷҲħַе޷һȴֽħ
ڤʥݣɽ֮


2467 ܾѶ
ʦЦ£ڵһսһʤյɵڶ˳սɡ
飬ȥֻյɫÿаǻʤⳡսûκ˵ģȻаܣҪ֮˵ŬˣܻһЩȻЩˬ
㣬һսֱӾ߳һԼսĽ֡
˵ʱ˽ս̨֮ϣֻʥͷʣûκֱһĴһʵ飬ͬʵİ㣬ɫ£¡һֱӺϣʹ˶㶡
վĳ˲һ
ʥҲ΢Щ죬ȻֻɲٶųȥȴֻƮˣڵϲУһս䡣
Ļ£ʱؼһƬţ˶סˣҲǴȻδս䣿
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һȻȴȻδƶں㡣
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ΪҪ
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ôڶսһʤˣսɻյָɺ˳սɡʦ̩ɽǣκƶݣ׺棬վŵıԵüġ
𡣡Žͻأڣʱʥ˳ⲻʥ˻͸һɼԸ֮⣬Ŀ⳯Ŷͺȥս
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ǿĲȺֻϣһεĽɫ˵ĸоǸӲǿͬ߰㡣
ⲻʥӵв壬ʥ꣬ǽţ˿ʥʧֻ꣬ھո¶ͷǹһο±ذܡ˰²⡣
ͫȻ⣬̤ôŽ˹ȥұֱһȭɱ
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ÿ£ȻܹͲ𿹺⡣ͷݣȻѡҲǷǱѰ
һһֽɫĹĻ𵴲Ѩ𵴶ĽŲٶǰǿֲһȭһȭֱۻ˽ɫͬһʯ䱬һС
һͺֱͬһȭûͨûʥ
ǣµ˵ĶĤһֲ˷ɢ·֮ڿա
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ϵս⻹һֽɫĹĻ𵴶ؼ·һ£ȻȴǼΪ̶˸оҪȻǹ𵴲˸о֮ڲȼա
ŭһϳǧֱۣ飬Ȼÿһֱ۶վ֮С
һȭ죬ƽɫ⻪ؼ죬һɺɨصŭɫ֮⻮Ƭ񷣬֮еһжҪ𣬺ʥ
𣡡һԶŵĻϢϳֱ۷ȥһţʱƬնˣӰ
ҽһ޾ֱд漴ֱۺһУһǰĳǰԼصĽɫ⻪շѹȥ
ǿƣ˶óǿĹֱӲ
Ⱥ˵Ĺײһ֮ʱǹɱѵĳ٣һλͬİ벽ʥĻǹɱ֮ܽ˻ƾԿһСʥˡ
ɰǧεĹײӵһ˵嶼âԼֱûˣΨĽ֮Լŭ
ɱɱɱһֽɫĹâһУſռ䡣
𣡡𵴵˻ױȵķǱգ˲֪ٴεײȺĶֱ֮ײƽϢâʼɢ棬ȴ¶˴ĿĵһĻ
ֻİӶҧߺ䱬ˣǰһͷԶ棬̻ǣƣȻбǣͷ澹һؽϵˣⳡսƲ̡
ˡʣ˰أô䣬ͬ
𡣡淢˻֮漴͵ĳ¿׹ȥ»
һ͹ֱӽסˣ漴Ԥ˻ȥͬʱŽأȻⳡսһܡ
ʣֶģһٰܵĻһսȥˡ
˵Ŀ⿴ˣַ㡢֡ħʥԼһʥˡ
ַħʥսѾע˰ܾ֣ⳡսˣ֮棬ܻʲôġͷȻţĸ֣Ҫڽ֮󣬱䶯ôҲ˵ַ㣬ܷսʤˣδ֪ܻܿսܡ
ǳ棬Ϊǲᵽ˾档ȺУ˵̾ϢսܣԷħʥԼǿߣⳡսǵϣ̫Сˡ
ɡʦƽ˵ˣ˳ǣһĨЦһսͿԾʤˣμӾĺ֣սô


2468 ƴһս
ţ˿ƬأһɽŵķΧһһսְܣһսԲؽˣⳡսܹܿغˡ
ĵȨȣ΢ţеĹ⻪תҲͬţⳡս̫ؼˣһεԼսʧܣȣξ񣬷ַô
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ǰܣҲΨоսˡԤվڵԣһ
ħ졣ԤߵڣʹԤ̧ͷ
ʣӦڴôõģʱܹںⱾԴ̤Ͼ磿Ԥ߻ͷԤһۣȴԤ΢ЦҡͷҪҵˣ˲кΰ취
Ĵ֮ˣûпʹùʵ
꣬ȴ޷ռҪ졣ԤߺЦ
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˵ɥؽ㡣Ԥ߿Ц¡
ϣҶˣܷսһսɡ˵Ŀƻս̨֮ϣ˺ͺȻʼˡ
óֻֻؼ˾ϤĽ̵ӦáԤߵĻδ£ĿȻ佩ǣʲô
֮𡣡ĵɫϱƿգλͬʱնɱֻأûһУƺˡ
Ȼָֻеʱһɹɿµľ֮ӡǵֻ֮ϣֻأʹƬնֱӾٵ
ɱһâͬʱƿգֻ֮⣬ƿһϰɫƽ£ǰһӡǣȻ仯ޱ֮ӡȻ䳯ǰӡǾκε֮ʹֻ֮ػδţֱ
ÿµӡǣǿܷأʥ񡣡Ⱥ𵴣ȴҲ˿壬Ų̤֮ȭƿɱʹֲֻ̮ſѪڣҪԷֱӾ뵽ȥͬʱֻ֮⽵ٶԷϣҪöԷ׹С
ǿ˫ӡһɾ֮⣬ӳ漴ֻ֮ӡƿɱǰֻأֱӳźֳ˳ȥĿ͸һĨɱ⣬ֵƿһ˰㡣
ֻۡһ޾ӡƮ֮ĻȻȫźɱȥ
һֻأ٣ֻͬǰ֮Ҫֻײ
֮ӡ³һӡǻֻ֮ϣһХĹһжҪֻҲһѲ˾֮ˡ
ʦַ֡ͫǿߵľ֮ӡǵǷ켫ڰ벽ʥһθǴݿ࣬κһε˶ҪɱСʥɱսƺţңӦòгıԴ
ҲƷ˰㣬˻ֻأֻ֣·ҪƬ֮ԳһֻأŶԷûȥǷս֮
ˡֻؼ˾ͫսֿûʤ㣬Ҫˡ
ֻؼ˾֮⣬ǿ߽ԶĬоޱȵأô
һսܣַ㣬ֻᶼûС
һѹ֣ǿߺͺײһ𣬺ܿ죬ǵַɢֵֻؿһֱ˻֮ӡϵĸʴֻ̧ͷǰӰԽķ
ʦ֣ɡַ㿪˵һսעҪܵĻûбҪϺ֮
ֻعͷַһۣǿ¶һĨЦ⣬ǵöǰʦܲμ̨ӿˣˣħɱ֮Уûˣ̨ܹӡ
ַ㿴ǿЦ⣬ɫȻһҡͷʦ֣ҵ顣
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䣬Ƴؼ֮ӡۣ
ɱ峯źֳһΣҪֵ
˵ĹۿҪײһȴֵͻأƫ룬ûѡ˶ʹ£漴ɫȻѿˣ
֮ӡǺֵ֮УȻͬʱֻ֮סֻصһ˵ʹ˵ͫȫͬھĴ򷢣ķˡ
˭ˡֵ¶һĨЦ⣬ֻصľԷ壬ͬʱǲѪϢ˥
ҪˣȻֵȴˡ
ҿɲһ䡣ŭһֶʱ¶һĨЦ⣬ɿˣ漴˵ƿͱѩλͬʱƿգһ˽סˣһ˽ס˺֡
û¡վգɫ԰ֽź֣ӣ·һսʤΣһսɱذɡ
ϵĻ֮âͬʱַ彵٣޾ӡĴ֮Уǹɾ̫֮£ƺ޷ơ
λѳԿڣֵǿڵķλ
áԽӹֵ壬漴ֻһӡֵ֮УĺϽ⻪
ңȥɡĵһλŮӣЦºͣ˸оΪ
лˡ˵ͷ漴ַȥַ㿴Եĵл
ҲǴսͬĵӣлңҡַЦ£һս޷£ҪͺһһҪ


2469 һ
ַ㿴ŵ۽ǹŵºЦݣͷů⣬ΪУַֿһɲǳģǷĲ˿ķӦٶȣȻַ͵Ӵ࣬Էȴһů֮⡣
ַصǰʱĿ׷ϣԲΪۣȡһλᣬַսĻᡣ
ƺЩݣȻֲݣⳡַΪԼսûеַ֣Ѿˡ
һ̣˵ȫַϣһսƴȡĻᣬôħʥʵǿ󵽿¡
һսɡʱһԵʦĿ˵£һεķϯħʥս̨Ͽգַ㣬ͬ˳
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ַ㿴ħʥøʢĴʥǿߣսΪǿʢ˵ںϵĴԲԴƴﵽϾսΣɼʵжôֲ
ַûлشԷĻս֮ϣһеĻﶼͽ͵ģ˿ֻսյĽ֡
ĬҲûãգųܹ֮Ĳ֪Լôħʥͷλƽ֮ȴ·͸һεİԵ֮⣬ȻգҪ
£Ȼؼ仯˿ֲħ֮磬µħϯأһɲǼƱɫħʥַ̤ȥ
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ǡַͫ·׹˻þ֮УһħȴǵĴڣоĿ£Ҳó֮ɸоʵ
ַϣ漴ٶħʥ壬ͬʱΧƵһħͷҲȷʵǿᣬ·Ͳõġ
ͻأ䣬ַоԼĺʹ·𣬾ʲôµ㣬һʹʹԺпǰĺܶˣĺ֮ܶ£ƼԼĳɳ̡
ħַԺڤ״̬ħʥһɲǼ䷢ֶֹΣҪɲǼ佫ݻٵ
ħʥͬʱĹһģַ絶ʰʹͷкˮ͸
ǿַ㼸ûеֿȺһĻͷݣ˿ɫ䣬ħɨһУַͺҶƮʱܱ˺ɷ顣
ȻһжֻɲǼ䷢ħʥһ֣㷢ɱ¾Ҫһַ
ַǰħʥͷʹ˺ХĹУֻħʥ
Ȼ䣬ַֻһλðĹ⻪ͬʱΧգҲͬһ⻪֡
ʱ⣬ַϵʱٱˣӿԼϵʱ٣˱٣ָıʱεģǵĿˣʱټӿ죬ζ룬ռ䣬ֻǹһ룬ζһĹȴ顣
ַϣһ֮ŶεĴΪǿʢ
һɲǵʱ䣬ħʥѾԽԽַܵӿ£಻ϵţ·ҪըΪܡ
Ҳܸһ˿ᡣַĿⶢǰħʥƵ֮ìַ࣬ʱַ
ַһ̼䣬ħʥתʱ⻪ʱ٣ɳǰԼûвʲôȻȴͻأķ֣ħʥٶȷ·ͻأΪʱʱһ롢Ҫ롣
ΪħʥٶȱǼģ˼˰˱٣ĹôѸַͣǶѪͬʱΧĻħͷɱַ·ȫҪַ㳹׵ɱĨ
ô£ħʥƺʶʲô㣬Ȼһַ̣嶯ˣô
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ȥħʥһþ֯Ȼַ۾ֱӱˣ·ֻƾоĽɳǰ
ͣ
촫ħʥԴֱӱһ֮ᴩͷ­ìͬʱɨַϣַصĺ˳ȥʹַ³˼Ѫ
ȻһȴסˣħʥԴϵĽѾʧȻǾ޴ĶǣħʥԴתܶĶַ㣬ףַôģоԼͻȻˣô·ʵһǻþ֮⾳ܹ˷ġ
ǣղһֻ̣һʶڤڤеʶоԼôˣΪʱ⣬ʱʱ޿̲˵Χǣ˭ܹоõʱĴأֻħʥʱˣŻһʶȴץסҲı䲻ˡ
ⶼǹ𵴣ڣһħʥԴըѵʣһ壬ĳ¿׹ȥ
ħʥ䡣
˿е龰ֻоһʵֻһһν棬ֵַֻգ۵ʱ䣬ǾͿħʥԴûпʲôһɲǣַΪܹôĶܶԷĶͬʱɱԷħʥΪȴһܿˡ
ˣûпַģȻƺôҪˣַɱħʥζⳡԼսַһʤ
žڴ˿ս֮ʱƺ԰ˣǶסˣȻûԤϵĽ֣ô죬쵽Ӧ쵽ǻ˼ڸʲô
ҲûԤϵ龰
Ѿգַ㣬ݵ¶һĨԺЦ⣬ƺԼʤҪ̨࣬ܳĵӣȥػַ㣬ûʧΪַȡ˻ᣬַ㣬ΪһӦ


2470 һ
ַһΪⳡԼս˽֣ȻƬյղûΪ֮ӵĽˡ
˵ĳĬͬһɽب֮ϣѹ˵ͷ˵ĿⶢһǼȽšмڴˣΪսܶʹȥ
˴Լս
һƺЩʱ˵ڴ˿ƽƣ˵֮ȻǴ˴ԼսĲУʦ
ֻʦЦ£˵֮սʤѷ֣һսʤܾ֣֡Ϊ˴Լսʤ
ƺһϻ˶֪ⳡսʤʦɿˣƺڱʲôȻΪսĲöߣôҪΪⳡԼ֮ս
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˿ֻ̣ĵˣʱ˵ͫȫ£ģҪˣҪǵ̬ˡ
ȻôĶԹҲڽսһˡˣǲռΪ˼ԸѹԼƺ⣬ǣʱԸַ㣬Ȼ֮ǣôһֶܼ飬ܸġ
һŵĨһǿߣռȻλһã㻹ǽһɡĵĮ˵ˣ׷ױ̬Ȼǲôݡ
ⳡԼսǸЦˣҪԸβֱӽΪڳλǵʱ̫࣬Ҫһ棿ĵƽ˵ˣˡ
ⳡԼ֮սҪΪַ㣬Ȼʤ˵Ըַ㣬ĶԹ㡣յˣҵдλǸˣλԸ⿴ǽⳡԹ£ԸǱҲˡ
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ЦˡֻĮ˵Ļ£ȻһɿµϢͻأƬأʹǿͫȫ¡
ãͷһĿת漴֮һɫĹ⻪·ֱƿأɫĻ˲Ϣ̵˵۾޷ſ
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ˡͷһΪ׼õġⳡսʤǰܣ͸
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ŽȺĿѣ콣Žͬͼ¼һ
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ַ㣬һ٣֮УȻ㣬ֻҪúõĻšַЦ£һЦжʹֻԼ֪
һúõĻţˡַڲ
ֻҪڣܴΣһУֻġ˵ַļЦţȻԽɣȻҲҪˣУŽһζѾεĽˣѾΪһ壬㽫ԸǵʱһСģС
ַصͷ֪˼ȻҷһѾ׼ʱ䣬׼ʱ䣬ǵĿ꣬ͬʱַ㡣
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ˡڳĬ³һĮڣ޷ס˵Լ
ǸĳͷѣȻսܣԼ˳ֻյЦ£漴ͬʱվڿնĿɨƵζ
ߣһӰڿգ룬ǹЦǵҪܹá
ȵȥֻ֮ɫȻƽʹǿߣڵλһ𣬲֪ǷԸ¡
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ǡ֮УһӰȻǹŽǿߣΪһˣһӰַ֮ͫ΢΢¡
ҹŽ壬ԸˣԻΪĿġԾеǿߣʥΪȻԷǹ˿ǵʵԱ̬ȡ
ӭλڵ漴ֻЦ£Ժҵȱݾˡ
û⡣˵΢΢ͷ


2471 ʹ
գ׷ȥֻд֮⣬ŽҲˣƽԼԼַΪʦʦͽˣҲ
̫ǱߣʹǾҲˡ
λǰһ𡣡ƽ˵漴ͬǿ֧콣ǿյĳǱǧٿףͬʱǿߡ
ǿ߷׷˸ȥѰԼǷڣգ͸żֱ֮⡣
Ȼĵȴǰƽ˵˷֮٣λҲĿã֪кθ롣
ˣȻ׼δͬͬˡֻ˵ҶһǾ뵽ıȻԷѾں
λӦúǽˣ򣬿¼δҲⳡгʢ˵ʹöԷ΢΢ͷҲָо
λöлˣ˷к£˵Ķңƺûв̫磬壬Ӧòǽˡ
尽ħԼҶ׺ַ㽻ã⵱ҲΪɡЦ˵˵ҡͷЦγԣɽﵱһ
лˡЦµ
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ַ㣬գĿַ㣬˵ʹַ£Ųһǰкָ̣
͡ɫֱӻ񷣬쵽˵۾޷ϡ
СģȨȻͷſ¹⻪ͬʱַ˲ϢˣʱղŸӦϵ˿ûֻ߽һǣٶȣ̫ˣ˿ʱ䶼·𶨸һַͷ·ת̫졣
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̫ˣһâֻͷʹڶ
һշ·һɲͣˣ壬·𱻶סȻֻϸһѤٴζˣ쵽Ŀѣ϶һɲǣһҲֻڵʯ֮䡣
ڴ˿ַ̣оԼǰһӰһ̣ʱ·Ҫֹͣٶȵ˼£ɱ࣬ʱٵĸı䡣
ͣʦҲһʱ⣬һҪͣͬʱַǰǵӰȭͷ˳ȥһŭХ嵹˳ȥ˲Ϣ֮ϡ
貵ĴӰȻ˿ԴȫǽɫѪĿ䵽˼£ַ㷽λһΣȻûɱַ㡣
ˣŭХһȥ˲ϢûӰʹڳ΢΢˿ղһɲǣ̫ˡ
٣Ǻ浲סɱַ㡣˵
ȺĿĮȷ˵ٶ˫̫ˣɱˣ˺
ʱĿַǰǵӰˣǿȻ·֮ϣʱ£һȭˣһ̫ԼĳǿߣͻȻֵġ
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ǰʦǰлˡַ˵лԱﶨסԷʦҲóʱţʱӡ
֪Ļϲ⣬˲ġɫ͸ǹâ
ҵõϢǣǰ̫磬ϵƽ˵ʹַ΢һ˿亹˿ɲҪݻģǰˣ˸һ⣬º֡
ԭǶзַ㿪˵ʶʼԲԶҲȷʵˣǶ˰Ҫַһ
ҵĻס˵ַ㣬ǱͷҪҲֻż㣬Ժ󣬻ÿԼ
סַҲоڶԣǲɱ
׼ַһˣ֪Ƿҡ˿̣ʦͻأڣĿʱ
ǰȥδַ㿪ʵ
ʧĹȡʦ˵ʹַ΢΢һߴ֮һʧȡ
ʦھ֮ҵȻŵġЦַ㣬Ըʦȥ𣿡
ȥ˿̣ţʹַɫ΢ͣ漴ʦԸǰһˡ
²˳٣߰ɡʦ˵ַ΢΢ͷԼԤǣʦʦ֣Ƕء
ģֻҪڣԶĵЦ˵漴ֻȨȵݳַ㣬Ȩȣš
СַȻܾȨȣܽܣ˿̣Χǿ߷׷ߣͷţȻȨȽַ㡣
ʦڣҲȱʥȨȣãģҿˡĵһЦʹַľҲţ
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㲻գ㸲ƽʹַľҲš
ַ㣬°ɡȰһַ彩Ӳڣ˵ͷӹȨȡ
ߣһʦַԼλڿնַͷȥֻ͵ЦţȻַȴԤУղŵĻƺĽѵԤԵʲô
˿еȨȣ⽫ʹ


2472 ӡɽ
ʧȣߴ֮һλھ֮ͥأŷӡµĴڡ
ַͬʦ̤֮УһɺԶŵϢ·𿴵һǱЩ·㲻ḯ࣬͸һɲɣĴڸ֮ǰҲʢһʱ
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ǰɡʦ΢Ц˵Ȼ䣬һƬ֮УȻһޱȵĺɫצץÿһˡ
ʦƻӶЩצֱ뵽һ籩еʧȻһɿֲϢڿգ˻ӷ·ַĿ⳯Ǳȥֻһͷ­ɫĳͷ­סֻһŷ˵¶ǣˣղŵĹ﷢ġ
ӡˡַһĨɫŲ٣ʧĹбӡĹ
ﵽǷ棬ҲˣǿЩ߰ɡʦ˵Ȼ䣬ַǷ·һʱ⾳ʱַ֮ף˿ʱټӿˡ
ӹǵ֮ϼ۶·ȴǣǿţǽΣʦѾǾ۷ĴˣǽأҲûʲôɵ
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ַվһƬɽϣܱгǳأǰһ˸Źâɽͬɽ㴣ǣ˵
ӡɽַһʹʦЦ֪ӡɽ
ħ硣ַ΢΢ͷη˵ħۣʧĹȣӡɽС
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Ȼʦͷħʶģ򣬰նηĻǵģʦȴҵҽͭţһ硣
ӡɽϣǿ洦ɼ۾ǿ߶ţëʥǿҲ٣˸е£һĴڣʱֻʥǿ֣߳ʦ΢Цʦǰˡ
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Ǻãֻʦģʱ߶ҲһЦ£ǰȥʦ𡣡
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ɫӲôᣬôô졣
һ꣬ϷӡɽСֻһʹɫ˲Ϣѿת߳Ӱʦ֪
ȥɡ˻˻֣֪ʦ˵һֻܹݼʦ𡣡
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ַ硣ħԣηӰЦ˹ͣ˸û뵽ڷӡɽȻַ㡣
η⡣ַЦ£漴ħַ㣬ħǰ
Ҳǳҵ磬ؿħƽͷ漴ʦЦϼһûˡ
ҲͼǧɡʦЦŵ
Σǲʲôħʦ
ȷ㣬һɡʦЦ£漴ַ㣺ĽóҰ¡
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2473 
׽ǱͣڲܣԲɱ䣬ַں̺ǿ־ߵ׽֮ʱַ˵Ժһû뵽˲Ǳߣʦ
ǰΪ˰ңַ㽫׽ݸʦΪʵԴӡɽ÷ħæҲûôַ㲻ΪζԷ
ΪأʦЦ
ַ㿴ʦڵʦݣ¾ֻĵܹȡϵˣңԸʱΪУͳϡ
ô˵ɣҲбԭ򡣡ʦЦµ˵ħҲһֱڵ㡣
ңַɫһͣܲ죬ħǺεǰǿߣֱӽһӡĴڡ
ԣԼʦָŷħ漴ַֻĿ⿴ħֻħ΢ЦĿ˵ɡ
һصĺܣϲ֪飬ߡʦַһ˶ȥ˳ŽϣǷ·ʯ̨ǰһΣƽħĿС
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ˣǲǸðŮųˡħַ˵ʹַͷ΢ħŮ
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һ˲ôӡػĹ;Ĺĵط˶ԷӡǷħķӡȻȴµĹŮػĹȻȴֲôȥ룬ΪħһƺӦǵжԵģѵЩǰΪ
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ַ㣬Ҳôǿʵˣôô棬ΪС飬ħԼ֣ܽ⿪ķӡʦЦŵ£඼ǴԣԶˣٵҲͳģǼǧ꼸ǰˡ
޶ˡַЦ£ûħεݣҪȥСЩô
ΪǼˣħַЦ£ַĿ¶˼֮ɫ˴ԣ޷ħ㼣ֹѩ¡ֹСɽֹʥ壬ھͥҲǿʢ
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ħЦ˵ַа̾һħѪĺܵǿһžԵʰɣԼ֪жٸԼ÷ħעģֻҪļ⻯ڷħУУǷǳǿĴڡ
ȻַԸţħڽϣܹ̤һɡ
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ħػʳ֣Цµӣ
ػʿŷħȴûƶŲȻȴֻһϣħػʵԴ΢ЦܹԼѪҲףԺڷӡɽаɣһȥʱٳȥɡ
ַ㡣ħĿתٶַϣЦʵҲʶˣҲɣ̥δͣҲҡ
лǰַ˿֪ħ£ȴַ·֪һ£ж٣ħʵжǿ
ǰ˵ĵңǺ⣿ַʵ
ħЦַ㣬ĬƬ̣漴Цˣǿ󡣡
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Ȼɱ㡣Աߵʦӹ˷ħĻʹַͷ£ǿȻɱ
㲻ҪΪں㿪ЦʦַЦţ·ֻ˵һΪƽ㣺ǷħҲͬĴ㣬ȻҲ˲׼ǿ󣬾ɱ㣬ĵˣԣҴҰ֪ҪҰһʲô𣿡
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ӵƷĽħǾһ֮ˣħǷӡһˣͬҲƷһˣǣΪ
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ԣĵܵʵϣȴΪ뵽˷ͼ¼Ͼһ⣬ǾͻΧɱ㡣
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ʦַļЦŵǿɣܶˣڵǿء
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лңһľծЩ飬Ҳ㣬ʱˣȻ취㣬˵ĻҸšʦ΢Цַа̾Խߵľ磬ӴҲԽ࣬ʦԣֻ֪ĻַţȴҲԻɣʦ˵Ļš
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Ǳ㣬͵Ϊӡػʵַһ۵
Ҳ죬Ӱ죬ҲᰮءַЦ˵
ܡػ¶һĨº͵Цݣĸ磬Զ


2474 ĺͷ
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λǵļƻʧˣַ㲻ûʦߣͷַ֪ڣǱػʹøֶɱʱֻ³һʱĿ⿴һһλɫĿ絶Ӱ
˴ֳ֣䲻⣬һΪַɵġ
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ַ뿪δⲻһ£٣˼ϾǿߣʹӺô󣬾ºˣλΪǸô
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ȻڲҪȥǣֱӼˣһҪȡһĳɼ֮ٺĴ£ǻõѡ񡣡
ڳļ¶һĨЦ⣬Ľˣƺ׼߸ͥġ
ȻϣڲҪ˭С˼֪˽ɲףСĻǱòһһʹͷһݣ㣬Ҳףˣѵã߽ȴףһ˭С˼ͻᵼ±Ϊ˭ܲ𱳺ͱӡ
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һЩͨͬʱĵӼֹԵıжȴᣬҵ˭һ
ھʱ֪λɻǲɣֻŽʹĿⶼϡ
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λͷɣͨѶϵ
Ⱥ׷漴ͨõĴ󣬷׷״뿪Լ
ܿ죬ֻʣӰǾôŶԷǴŵЦ⣬·Цݣһġ
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ͥھķ粨֮ͻأĳ·һ˲ðˣûʲôȻˣȴᵽһɲͬѰϢƺǷ籩֮ǰһҲܿһɿµɨ
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ȻҲھͬʱŽڵճǱɫĹ⻪ǰҫĿֻʱһâ֣漴һӰ·˳ŽϿա
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Žĳ鴤ţ飬Լģָ˶С
ˣȫͨȥŽһŭŻӦ漴ˣɫÿǼǿıι
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2475 µĸ
ŽŽ壬ͬԿˣԴǷ粨֮ⳡ֮ңֽˣ׽ˮˣһߴһġ
ŽԣӮⳡ֮Žδ϶ĳɳȻָڶԣԺᷢʲô飬˭Ҳ޷Ԥơ
ͬʱھͥЩɢЩٶǿ߽룬Ҳʼ۳ƣƵˮҪ۳ɽӣⳡ֮УҲĳΪͣ첻СľͱЩ߸ϵѾкüӵϾǿߵʼˣɼΪµǿ
ܿ죬𺳵ϢȫǵܲھǱܹķˣΪ㣬ɢھͬĳǳء򣬼ǵͨ죬ҲܽЩΪ˶ҳ棬ʵϾһεǿ档
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ĹȺ̾ƴǻ˸ǿȻΪǿߣҲ㹻ûͷ۰ɣϾҪʱ̷ͻϮŽһսǰ֮
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Ȼڲ֮һͬӰվڱԵ֮أɣ̫ܲã𣬱ûѭ·ûֹ㡣
ʱ⣬ҲһӰңֵĵطǱԴ֮ԱߣңˣԶͬӰ֮ϣͬϢ˵ͬıԴ
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ʱ꣬ȴֲһˣΪ꣬ӿྪž֮˼µϾǿߡ
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ȻԼ֮գɢֻˣҸ𾪵ǣսʤԷ
һвʣҪ£ǼλϾǿ֣߳û¶ԷˣңԷɱһϾӴ֮󣬻ˣٹɢ
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ȻʧȻ֮ڣٺݣҲ֮£Ͼ֮ǵҲֻ֮ԼǵļˣʲôҪɱ˱𹫷ˣǻΪûҪ飬˵ĳӡ
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2476 
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֮УһӰ괩һªƺԵЩ¾ɣȻȴβɢֳȻʣ·ǳ˰㣬Ȼһʥǿߡ
ôѩ֣һƬѩƮģ漴ΧͻȻӿһɹַ磬·ռͣƬ̣ѩˣЦ£漴ٶôԼ֪Լȹ˶ˡ
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һӪȱپԵĺģӪȴǿһӪ
˵Ըң˵ˣֻħʥϣ˵ǰ׷ʽˡ
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ϾǿûˣϾһεˣһȫ
ʱȴǲ죬Ĺַֽɱ⻹ͷһֶ֣ȻԷںĴԲԴ֮أһԴʱ䣬һ
ֻϾǿĿⶢַ㣬ֻŲ̤Ȼ˳ȥ̼䣬֮·ڤգûһַͷ·ǵܰ㴣ǣˣһɿµĻ֮籩ιһգԵһжһѣַ֮ʱҪַ㳹׵Ĵݻٵ˶ֽ⡣
⻹ɢȺɫ̣ȿ¹ôܻܴڣȻɫ̵ǣַ㣬ܿһγˣǺЦֶ͸żϷŰ֮⣬Ͼǿߡ
ΣַЦ
Һܺ棬ںʲôԴܹͨɱ㣬ҲҪܺң֤ʸ˵ղŵĻϾǿߵЧַѶûãֻܳϣɱַ㡣
ҿԸ㣬ֻǵںϴԲıԴܹġַ㿪˵漴ҪҵĹұ㿴
ĿԴϾǿ߶ַ
ҽʹõʥͨ˰죬У֮꣬оˣĹϵգ䱾ԴԲöʱ䣬߹˺ܶطо䡢оˮ򣬷ˮϵйͬʣץסεںϣֿƲɵıԴںһգֻȥ˽꣬һʥͨ
ַ㻺˵ʹöԷɫ΢ͺܹ䱾ԴԲѾѵãһַǳѲ˾ˮϵںϣңֻȥ˰˰ʱ䣬ԣоһ˿¡
ңɱӦҲں˴ԲıԴ֮Ҳ˵ǰ֮ˣһǳѲϾǿߣԲ̤ϣںĴԲԴ֮
֮Դʥʥ磬ͬҲܻʵΪԴĶ١ֱԴںϱԴĶ١ں˺ֱԴԼں˶ٱԴǧ򻯣ϣÿһֱ仯ԵȫͬĴʥʥ
ˣں˲ôԴϾǿߣǶŷǷսȴһΣ˭Ҳκβ˭ЩǿߣΪںĳЩıԴ߶ںϣǿսԡħʥϣϾǿ߶ҪΪڲͬ
һЩǳµĴڣ˵ںܴ֡ﵽֱԴϾǿߣʥͨǺ˵ġ
㣬ַûʵеҲܷӸã˴̥̥ȥΪ򣬶Ҿͬȹʱ䶼ַͬ㻹ûֱܹԴںϡ
Сˡַ㿪˵̼䣬Ƭ񷣬·һɿµϢΪַѣȺ֪ܵϢںϵ֮С
ܲ˿ڵ
Ƕҹҷ
Ⱥ̧ͷֻƬ䣬ͻأƮ޾Ĺ㣬źɫĹ㣬·ˮһ֮Уʹ
ҲˮϵԲˮԷֽ޾ˮУǿԻ۳ˮΣҾмǿĸں˴ԲˮϵȻ߱ˮѲ棬һλʥ޾Ĺ㲻ϵϾǿߵϣоΪܡ
ֻͣĮ˵̼䣬շ·ٶ̣һУҪֹͣ
εģסġַ㵭Ц˵ƺĹ㣬ĳϻۣ̼ʹΪܡ
ҪǵԽԽǿһСʳˡֱ޷𡣡ַЦŵʵǰʧƷұϣܹһּΪԵֱܹɱϾǿߵϧյЧô⡣
Ⱥɫһһ⡣
ˣɲΪ䣬ħʥϣǵʵϾǿ߶ַ㣬ڵ
㻹ûᵽİԵַ㵭˵漴ĿϢԷ֮У̼䣬ؼ·һڰӣɫһȣֱӳԷڣϾǿ֣Լƾ⵽ʴͬʱоԼڷʧ
䣡̵ַշ·飬ֻƷ·˿µУϻۣϵԴ֮·Ҫϣʹÿһ̤̺һɺ˵ϡ
ţϾǿɫ£漴峯ǰٶȺһձ˺ѵ촫ַֽΪ飬ȻֻǷֽļȡʹٶϣǰ
ˣһַ̤ͬʹϾǿķ𵴣ͬʱϵѾڸʴڵһС
ͬΪ䡣Ͼǿ߿ڣȻ䣬һɲǼʧַһ̼ϾǿУһڰȻ֮У·һ֡
ǿϾǿ߸ָܵİԲǰ֮˶֣ħʥϣ֪սʲô֡
أַĿתӪϾڣʵ
䣬ʲô̬Դˣ˶ַʵ
жԡַ㵭˵ʲôյĿֻһ̵ǣǳΪǵĸӹǻǣвӴʧԣҲӦҲͬĿĶڣûеֿܣµԼ˭˵ҪصģΪ䣬Ȩƿء
ȻˣҲͬ췣ˡ
˿ַ㣬˵ͷɢʽ϶ɡ
췣ˣˡˣӦѹϵκһ⵽ʴǶֶԿλΪΣַ㿴Լħʥϣ΢Ц
ȻЦ£Ӧ
ͬ⡣ħʥϣӦһĿַӣơ
ǧħʡħʥϣӦÿַһһ̫ħУ㣡


2478 
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ħʥϣˣڶǰһսѼʢˣ׷࣬ˣԼ˵ĳˮ֮£Ψ췣˵˱Ǿ岻ȴû˭뵽ַͻȻ֣һţ췣ˣһսˣȡϯλ
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֪һٶ棬ʱ䣬󣬵ص㣬ھѩǲԶķǣҲǷϳַ㵭˵ЩȻѾģܹ˴б
ӦϾǿʵʱĿ׷ַ㣬ַȻ췣ˣΪôҪٵ⣬ӦλἰĻ档
ղҵĻж˵̬ȣӦûǵðɣַʵ
ǵá˵ͷ
Ƕ̬ȣǵ̬һҪôûǣҪôǣھ꣬Ǵ˿µвǵԣκοףһˣʱ䣬պ󣬵ص㣬Ϊѩǡ
ַ㵭Į˵ƽĻ͸һĨʹȺͷһݣǱʶУһֱԼƵһʵҲһȻ췣ȴ·û־
⣬йһμʱ䣬һοɲͬˣȻ㹻ӣ˵ӦøеˣҲҪǻδӾġַ˵ʹͫ΢΢Ƿչ񣬵ȷѾˣַԣöԸֶζԸǣò
ΪǸ˶ַʵ
պϢųȥٶȣþ֪ͬʱպ˲ˣ˴εĻȡַ֮зâ˸ʹ˽ԶͫܺõֶΣϢϢĿȣȻڵһʱ֪ң˶ѩǡ
ǸһҸ棬òҪȫǿ߶ѹѩҪϳЩʲôɾ˼ˣˣˣȻһǿɱǸģһˣҲӦߵ
ôϣƽһԷ·鶨¡
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ããѩ磬ĳ޴Ŀռ֮أӰЩվǣΪӪȻȴ໥ĲԶƺ໥㡣
ڶ棬֮УһӰ٣ǾôڿУ߷Ϊ֮ˣĵ
ƿзͼ¼˴λ棬ȻСаݣǱϾɢǲģһһԾĻһһǣڶǿ߲ϣ͵ϣǿҲûʤ㣬ÿһλʵ£ǻƿһʥ
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ĵ֮⣬һλˣ
ĳ϶ԣڻ֮󣬶μһ˵ģˣҪôΪеһ֣Ҫô
֣˵ն棬һԳ췣ִ췣֪οԵɫĮǰ飬Ѿţ췣֮ȻҲ֪
Ҳ˳С͸ߴͣϹҫͬ㣬վյԴһǿϡ
λҪٶȻ棬֪Ϊ£ʱֻգһ
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ǣǷעһ£ʲôϡϣĮ³һǵ˵ļˣֱ޼ɵ
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Ǻ˾֣ƻģΪʲôַ㿴ŶԷƽˣЦΪǺеڻôҲ͸һ仰˴λ棬Ҫ֣磬Ҫƨȥš
ĮԵѩ磬ʹؼ¶Ȼ䶼˼֡
ļһֻĵĮֻģâҫͼ¼ڿգȻ䣬һҫĿĹ⻪Ƭշ̼䣬ַ֮ԵЩңˣ΢ЩģȻֱӶ˷ͼ¼ա
ΪղŵĻǸĮͬʱУһ޴Ĵͷⴸͷ·̺װ㣬˶һɲǱˡ
񴸣һȥ飬һΣȺɫӲձüΪѹַΪͻƿڣ
ַһǸֻʲôƺҲܹԤϡ
âҫַֻгһǹǹ֣ƺһĳǹЩң͸һɽ
ַ建漴ǰȻ䣬ֻһǹֱӴѩУһ̣һɾֲϢӶ˲ѿһѷ죬ǳǹѩͬبűڵľǹ
ַĿƽĿǰĮ³һҪֵĻ㡣


2479 Ծ
ַǹȻʦԼħ֮ɵģʦΪȥٰʮһ죬׽֮ǰ˼һǻûܹʱǹꪣַֹ֮˿̵Ȼʺٳ֣ˣ׽Գǹ̬֮Ȼǹɿֲľȵࡣ
췣˵ǿĿǰַıӰ΢ЩȻ壬ϵǳǹƻӳ˭棬۶Է˭Ҫ֮棬첻壬ͬԼ˵ǰ㣬Ҫִ췣
Ŀⶢַ㣬ĬƬ̣ҫĿֱ·׾壬еĺ״ġ
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һʤôΪм̻ˡ֮ĵɳϿɡ
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췣ˡˡ˵ˣˡַͬ˵ʱ˫Ⱥ׷׳ȥͬʱۼ׼ǵսǿߵսನἫ£òСĽķ
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ơһŭϱϾ񣬾׻ռ䶼·׿ռ䣬״ȥضң׺Ȼ£񷣬ÿһâ֮У̺һصĻ֮·ֻҪܽɱ
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ÿ죬ǿߵĿ졣ȺַĶͷʵʱַദʮʱ٣׺һ룬ʮʱӦǸܲģֻоˣ˿ַǼµĿ졣
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ͷ̾Ȼ䣬ӰֱʧˣһӰǰܹʱĳ̶ȣǳ£Ҫ
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ȥԸǴͷĮ˵ʹȺɫһͷ˻붼ڲ·âߡ
ͬʱܵʱ⼸ֹͣתԷҪöԷҲͣ
顣һĳҪһѵǴ˿Ⱥоٶȷ·üȻǿٶȺûǿ죬ԽˣȴԽĲ֤˵ĳʵ
ܹռٵʶ״̬ϵԲıԴֱܼͨţĶֲͨϾǿߣֱܹӻɱˡ
Ͼǿаһ̫ˣ˿ĶҲ屻˺ָԭͬʱĺƳŶԷץ˹ȥؼ·͸Ʈĺڤһƺڤ֮Ϣ·ܹ
ͬʱħʥϣַͬʱǶӵбֳֺ״


2480 ս
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ħʥϣʵǿǾױħꪣҲǼΪֲıа̾Ͼǿ̤֮ʱ˵ϾǿҲ̤ǵĲһɲǣؼŭХ·Ҫûɽӡ㸲ء
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2481 뷨
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һ̣һռ䣬ɫĶַ㡣
ַŲ̤վǿߵǰֳֳǹȻΧսΪң˫ȻһλϾǿߵ䣬ζŽգλϾǿ߻ˣ⼴ԾԶǴ¡
ߡֻյ˵ʱǿͬʱˣǿһֻλԼʥշѹЩɢˣû뵽ԷʵԼΪǿᣬռƣȻϣԵƥ޷շѹɱ֡
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ôַͫĮȻ䣬ϵʱٵＫ£ǰ˵һˣ˸оԼϷ·һɫӲ£عͷֻǹƿɱǿᵽ¡
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ͼ¼֣֮ʱⶳᣬַǰ˶ʱ·ֹͣĵز͵촫ַĳǹ״֮УֲȻֱ֣ӽԷľ־ûǹ֮У漴Է𣬻ɢ
ǸҼסˡŭһȻȴЦɱǣɱˣĻôš
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ַ㳤ǹϿյһ֮ɱȥЩӰɫĮɱλϾǿߣսνԻ͡
˷׷ܻǲϺɱףЩжϱۣ̾ʥĿ£֮һʧȻСġ
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ֻҪͬģδͬͬȴڣվھߴֻЦȺ漴Ȼѩǳ֮ս磬˱פѩǣλΪΣ
СַȻĻʹַ㣬Ц췣ʲôõĽ顣
һսˣȻ⻹ǿɲֻˣפѩǵĻһߴͬʱĻǶԾˡַ㿪˵
ȷʵˣ췣ΪڸЦʵַղһսʵȻõϿɣȷʵ
ߴˣ٣˽ʹǣλϾѾˣܸһκݺݵĴܹھþǵһϯ֮ˡַЦſڵ
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أǷܹݺݵĴһǡַ㿪˵ʹȺЩ룬Ĺˣǰ֪Σһսλʵ˿ˣڣΨһѶԸľߴӵ߼ʥȺǶԾˡ
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ãôˣ߰ɡ˴һµ漴׷뿪һսĳɹ㹻˷ˡ
ңսϢܿ촫˲ɳʼγˣھͥⳡսԽԽʣľƣ˶ڴⳡջôǷ͵һ硣


2482 
ͥ췣ˡԼ֮ʱѩǵƮѩַվѩУֶֻһӰȻħʥϣ
̤ڰѩеĵϣһӡַԣվǣĿ⿴ǰ
Ҫ֣֮𡣡ħʥϣƽ˵ַ㣬һȫ֧ġ
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һַ̣Ͼʥǰ
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ַĻ¶һĨЦ⣬ôѾܾûû뵽ն䵭λʥ񣬶Ըим
лˡַЦ±뿪ߣ漴һʧγֱ֣˱ǰһţûдˡ
ţ֪ںʱʹַתЦţлˡ
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ַ㻺Уʱͷ΢΢һǾƷʥϲεģңʮ˼֮࣬ĵ̹Ȼ£һҲóʮ˼ʥ
ЩʥһɿˡַаݣϧûôεϾǿߣʮλϾǿֳʥ˶Զѡ


2483 ˭
ƽѩûܵţߴûбͷƺᵽһɰ·ʱκ
һգѩǣ˵ǿߣȻȥ֪ƺ˶Ŀ㡣
ͬһգ֮Уۼߴĵ˿̣Χһ
ҵõϢΣɢˣԼǣֳͬʱֶԸԹ˲Ͼֻ˵ʱѾõϢ˿̵ҲֵܱȻڵṥ֪ô
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׼ӦɫĮ͸һϴεս
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ɱһ
ɱɢˣǱһȺɢ޾ۺ϶ɣϣһ򾡣ĨһԭϢַ㣬ǡ
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˵ʹһĬûϢԷʵʩͻϮĻٶ֣Ļݻһǿ¾ǼһĶԸǣһθսˡ
ڻһУַ֪޷֪ԼΪλᱻĪй¶ȥ֪ˣ¶š
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֮ԽĿΪǾоϾǿȫٸ·Ļò̫þܹһһߴ˶ԣǻѾúôʹ󣬾Ƕ޹ؽҪ̵ľ룬ַǺ֮Ӧ
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䣡һӰƿգ֮䣬޾ĳǳУоһµӰһɹޱȿֲɨǿߵڷɨ˵˶֣⣬µ֮ˣ·𣬶ԷеˣֻһֱҲһûͷԼ켣ڳеĸ棬ֱַɨǣǲͬʱѡ
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񣡡ַŭһ̧ͷһۣ⣬ַϵǳµģ


2484 ʱ
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䣡һɱֱӽַ嶼֮ź˹һϾʥֱ˱֮У漴彥ĻΪޣַĿһУɫҰֽһϾʥΪս
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˿ַȴڰ룬ʱԭ㣬̫Ѹıˣֹѣֻһɲǣʱͣһɲǡ
ˣڴ˿̣һֻ֮ϣչޱߣϢɨʹַͷһϲˣŽȻûƻǿߣҵͨĴͷߡ
ʵߴ֮ûƻΪҲ޷Կ϶ϢԴȷһ˴ǾˣңΪʱ㹻ܶˣʵϣҲ˺ܶ飬ɢһѾλϾĴڣԵʧ


2485 ʤ
ߴ֮˵ȻҲǿֻ֣߳ǵɫ˲ϢˣѩȵӿٶɱЩˣַ㡣
á˵ͷ漴ֻһâַ㵹ǿɱ
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У˴ĴԼĳʥɣٻʥԼϾǿߵĹͼ¼ڶҡ
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ݵһɲǣַͬһɱ˷ĵ죬һϻЮżӿʱ٣ǹ֮׽âֲ֮֮ɨٶԷǰ
մֹͣʱͼһɱ˹¶ɫ
áҲһĻɫ䣬ŭһռ̣ȻͬʱڵĿռʱٷַ֪Ҫʲôˣֱӽɨͬʱǵ峯ǰԽԼٶȷ·˰㣬ԱһӰͬʱǰС
ɱַŭһ죬ֻӰƮӰ
ַٶȱȣ͵촫̴˶Էļǣ𵴽ɱͬʱɶԷ
Ѫ䣬ƣҪ룬ͬʱеĳʥַնµ㡣
𣡡
ֱֱַն飬Ȼһ̣˿ûиоˣϿһɼΣմ
ʱ⣬ַֹ̤ȵҲ罣㣬ֱӴ̴˶ԷԴֲĴݻһУֻһŭԷҪ룬ȴ׽صַУȻ̳ǻ֮Ӱ
𣡡մӡֱӳ嵽ַǰصԼţѾַҵȻй͸ַǰַ屬ˣıʱ٣֮Х飬ͬʱۿµһ¡¡ĻϢɨؼ䣬ַоһ֮Уݻַںˣǰǿ׷ɱǹһĨЦ³ʱ⡭
䣬ǰǿ߽Ųֱͣղһλǰݻɱǵ𺳵ġ
Ȼڴ˿̣ǿַǸһĨ̵Цʹɫһַ֪ˣˣͬʱصԼţ˺ַԡ
ʱֹͣȻˡص𾪵Ŀַ㣬Ҳ֪Ƿøˣַǿ󣬶ڶԿߴȻδַĳɳ̫ˣ֮ϡ
䣡貵ĽⶸȻ֣Щȫû棬ַ̧ͷ֮ˣŽ֮ͬʱҲַˣ磬ͼһλߣŹŽĳޣ½棬һһ磬ԼΪ˽Ʒ߸ϵĴڡ
ַ㣬㶯նУҺסЩˣŽ֮˵ʹַͷ鷳ˡ
˵գַӰֱʧԼȡλãɫԿЩܹսʤֻҪסַʱ⾲ֹɱϾǿ߾Ҫɶˡ
ܿ죬ַһǰɫһ漴ַֻ³һʱ֮ͣգֱӽԷɱһϾǿ߻ɢ
ƿַɱֻڶ˲ɱλϾǿߣɫʱѿַǿʱ⾲ֹɱϾǿߣҲ̽ȡˣǵĶѡ
ڣһߴһǿ߿ʼսŸλ󳷣ַûа취Ƶʱ⾲ֹֻһͷ֮ٵƿʱĸо֣һʹⳬǿȫɱѡ׷ɱǼסˡ
ַʱ⾲ֹıʱⱾ٣ͬԼһˣⷽǿҲ׷ϣֻһ׷
ַ֮ٶȴһϣĨɱ֮ɨ֮ڲ˶ԷϾǿߵټȴڶԷܿʼѾɱλϴڣһսһ˱ȡ˼ΪԻ͵սַϲûаϲ֮飬һսνǲҵʤ˫ʧǿµġ
תַʱصս˿սѾĻŵ˶ظ֮Уȴеİˣж귽ϣһսжʬ޴档


2486 
ǵҲǱ˳Щһĺ䶯֮½ϣΪ֮ĲǴ֮ϵķǱ´Ӵ󣬽ˣĨɱ
ַ㣬̫ˣһ³֣ɱܹɱֱ̬Ⱥа뵽ȴʱַţԣڵţ磬Ǹˡ
˭뵽أⲻĴֻǣ˭㡣ţַ˵ȻһǱ˳˲ŻᵼĲʹ֣һսǿʤ÷ǳƯ
Ҳøˡţ̾һ漴âҫʥһʧ
ַ£漴ȡһö򣬵ôˣ
ĴѾȫ٣˻δüϻѾˣڣһƬǽ壬Ѱ⻯дʣµʥԼʥַǱǱȥһд󲨶λã֪֮ͨͻٵиղŲĴ
տʼδΪ˾ţַڿսɲǾǱҲٶȻٴˣûǿսʥԼЯʥĴʥȻɵĺܺá
ˡַͳ¶Է֪жΣհɣǻ·ǹõ͹Ǳ߾һ֪ƻĸˡ
ҵ⻯ˣַ㣬ǱսΣ
ֱ⻯İɡַӦһ漴⻯ѱˣȻѡݻٻ󲢷ֻΪ⻯ѣǶĳԹͻµĳˡ
ַ㡣ֻӰ˸ַߡ
Σַ㿪ʵ
ǺŵʱѾˣûˡ˵˵
ǡַֹֻһĿ⳯͸ŵ⣬췣˵֮ˣ˺ܲʹȻΪַˡ
ַ㣬ҳ츳ܳǷǷ֮ˣȻǶԸһʼȫֱ˳֣˺ߴԶ˲أоδЩӡֻһƺҲ˵Ǻεַ֪ݣֳַּ֮ĳǿս֮󣬵һʱ뵽ַǣĿģ̵
ַ㿴Ⱥڵ֪ǻ֮룬˷֮սδ뵽λǸˣҵʵڸղ֮ʱҵһλػţΪ˶ɥѵΪһԼͬ飬ⳡı
Ӵ֮˽ߴˣһЩΡ
ҽ췣ִ췣ַյķ췣ȡ֮λģΪ췣ߣ췣֮λλѡλԸ⣬Ҳݴ췣֮λ췣ȹ̣ȥ
ַûȥʲôƽڣ£ʱͷҲţ췣Ӵִ췣
⣬Ը׳ʥΪ췣֮񡣡ַ˵˿ַ̹̹ʱЩţֻѡ
ңԸλһ𿪴췣񿪿˵ʱ໥ԷΪߣȷһΪҫ֮£췣ɴЩߣǡ
ãҲַûƭǵıҪֻһλ߿ڣ漴˶ַĽⲻϼգ󲿷ˣԸΪߣһսȻʧأȻ˹ͬһַ㡢ϣڣô췣ǿֻһʥˡ
λһɣĳʥղУػһ粨²ýǻѣǷԶи˵ĻˣֳɵģֻǴӽ𣬸췣ɡַƽ˵ʹͷ
£ַٿȨȣҲ޷㡣
ַ㣬ַƺЩӲ
ַ㣬ȨţǸģ޷Ժ׵ġֵַ㿴ŶԷվǵ˵ͷ
ַ㡣ֻһַ溬΢Ц
ǰַɺһǰϾգҲչˣҰ
һϸˣҲδ뵽֮ɳô죬һΪԼҪȺܶܳȴδ뵽ǰơЦ˵
ϸ磬Ҳû뵽㣬ѹչŽҵңұֳԭվĻ֮󡣡
ҵһҵһұŽ忪һʢȻΪڼ߸ϣշѹңҹŽЩٲӴˣҴ½磬ͬʱ伣꣬УΪ˽ա
ƺΪ죬ЦǹУǼʹڵˣź֣һݿվոҵȡ
һҪġַ㿪ڵ
׼ʱ֡ʵ
췣Ϣɣʱвˡַƽ˵
ַ㣬ҺͬǴõĻᣬѡĿ꣬Žڵ
ҲͬУַ㣬ΪΣЦ
ַҡҡͷƺûʲô¡
Ȼûʲô£Ǳˣ˵һǰŽ
á΢΢ͷ漴Ŀַһۣ뿪ߡ
ܿ죬Ƭգֻʣ֮ˣǣ˷ıϿգַһվһŷԵ֮أĿԶ
ϢݣֻħʥϣһԼԤ֪˵Ͼǿߣû˳ⳡսӦòйܣԼΣ
ʱַֻһӰַתԤߣЦ£ʦ
˴飬֪ԤϣĪҪ黳ˡԤЦͬߣȰοַ㡣
ʦ˻ַ㿴Ԥߡ
Ԥɫһַã漴̾ϢһĿǰַ㣬Ҫ֪ΪһУܿܶǳǿ󣬰֮ۡ
ַԣͷݺݵĲ£أĪǣǼ󣿡
Ԥ̾Ϣȥַ㿴ʦıӰҲһԱַɸоͷһսأ


2487 
һεַľӰ켫󣬾þ޷ƽϢʦĻѾǻشеɻһУΪ
ȫҲΪôһΣ˺õĻᣬˣͬǳһĿôȻֶΣ˲ݡ
һսãַ޷ܣ֮ŷģĶô˸飬Ȼô࣬ѾʯĳɻЩ͸ڸ飬Ų¡
ЩѾ췭ظˣյһսϾǿ䡢췣ÿһ춯أ֮ˣһɨŽŽҲһû˸ݵأٻȥˣһΣƣбߴˣش졣
췣ֱӱǿߣ漴ţյӣϣϾǿҲܼ룬ΪԪϣ˱֮Ͼڣǣ췣Ͽϣпδһɳǿ˾롣
ȻЩַƺĮİ㣬ЩİĵĳԼ֮Уһҵ״̬һζϵԲԴںϣʱֹ֮ͣǿ֮·뵽࣬ȴһУĸ֮С
һ죬ַ˼λѣֹֻͣУһ֮Уַ㿴ź֡аԼĪϧΪˡ
ַ㣬һ𣬲㾹̤ϣʱֹͣΪһˡаЦ˵췣ƾַΪ
ٶȥаʵҲǿˣΪŽ壬ֵ࣬ĴЩǰ˿ٶĲ磬߹ؾյأǰʱգڲʥ
֣Ҳ̤˴ʥǰԼ֮ս󲻾ãֱ㲽СʥУ̤ɾǾĪϧֻСʥ硣
±仯𲻶ϣû뵽ֵܻپַۡЦŴаؿڣ溬Цݡ
գҪʹһаˬЦ
ԣʹһַ˵ͷ
Σ׼ҾơĪϧˬһЦ漴ߵλϯضȻĪϧȡҾƣֱһ˦һ̳
ַ㣬ǵǵһμ𣿡аַʵ
ǵãҺ飬ƻ˹ŽΪٰһʽ
ԣʱŽ˻Ϊѩǽ֮壬ֱǲ֪ǡ
ǺŻعŽôַʵ
һֱ䰵עŹŽ壬ͬʱŹŽԼԼգŴһ֧µľţն£ܹ˲ϢùŽΪһǿھаа̾Ҳࡣ
аҲַͷ漴ʹһĪϧͺ֣Īϧɽ۹ҵഺ٣緢εѣʱǣգҲ޷󼸰ָͬһӼ䣻ʦ̨֣һʮһӣɽɨ̫ӡ챤ţ˻ģ˭˲壬˭˲̨ӣһУһΡ
Īϧͺֶпȷվڸߴȴɻ緢ʱ룬УΪʲôȻȴ谭еѪҪ̤롣
жػ£գ̨졣һͷڷôӢ
ãѪ;įΪֵܸɱĪϧһʱ̳飬ֻſһʱˮϹС
һգַ㿪ѵ÷ſĻͼλֵܻȥδʱһһҹδֵܼͣ䣬Ҳ²Գ
ڶ죬ַӭˣʹΪˣʥ췣
ĪϧֺаǶڣǿʥЦ
Ȯӣַ㣬ĶӶǿа˵͸죬ʥΪ̤ɣ̫ˡ
ҲдˣʦַЦ£֪ʥ츳ǿȻûʱϣϲнճɾͣʱϣ̫ˡ
ˣҲ츳ʹȻаЦԵԵľĪϧҲڣҶǵúԼһսѩȵӣһ꣬ĵĶӶǿˡ
Īϧ壬ˡʥžĪϧ
֪ң
Ȼһ֪ʦа壬ǺҸ׵Ĺ£ĸ׶˵˾ηҲϣҸһֵܹˡ
Сһɱ㸸׻˵ĪϧˬЦʹʥͷ
ˣһôͻȻͻˣַʵ
ʱǻʱ˵Ѿ԰︸һսˣһЩžںԲԴҲԶˡʥЦҲˣףڿ԰ﵽˡ
ǾЩûˡַЦ£ѾĽŲ
֮˺ַعͷôˣ
λ϶սˣ˺ʱսЩΣΪңǣǲҲԲˡ췣˶ַ֪ʵǿᣬƿصǼǿģǲƾַΪ
λϣ񸱵ĺͿˣսԻȥݻǡַ㿪˵˵˵ͷǣ
˵꣬ȥַ򿪿ڵ׼չһΣǶкδ㣿
Ȼ򣬱ȥаɣǡֶַ˵
ףȥǵ㡣쿪ڵ
áַͷ漴뿪ߣһңԼ統С
񷣬һַ͵֮ͤû˴⣬ԸԼ硣
ַ꣬ӿʼİ˱ʱٵʮʱ٣磬Ѿȥ˼ǧʱ⣬ܻһ½ˣǳضĴޣǧ꣬ǰһҵһô£ܲչ
ЩַһЩʥˣΪչףʥ̻ӡ


2488 ӡ
ַϥ̨֮ͤͬ磬磬ΪףܹԼ紴ǧ
ңЩܻƣϢˣƶ죬ַ΢䣬ʱǰϵ۶۳һӣַǰ˹
ַ³һײһ𣬷ۡѹ漴ؼ䵮ҫĿ⣬ַǴ֮ɫͬһ󡢵֮ǸӴ֮
ַԳףϵǴԲıԴںϣֻǺܴĲһ𣬱ữȴӵںϴԲˣɸϵӶɵ֮ҲǼΪǿ󣬶ңһֱַ㾳ԸϵǿںϱԴ֮Ҳϱǿ
Щַ⻯Լ̥̥ǰΨģһֱҪеĽ֮һʥȴһֱֻ߳ΣȴûܴɣȻϴ֮սΣʱ⾲ֹ׿һУչһأǺǵãء
κλʹ̸֮·оڤڤУ
֣ΪԼص磬Į飬ַȻײ֣Ǻ飬ļأӦġ˳֮ơ汾֮ƣΨĶѡ
ǳ磬鴫У˳СΪˣռ֮⣬ҲǽС˶ǿΨ̤֮ͬʥһʥ˳ӦΪΨͬرңԳס
ԵһУϵģȴּرңַܴ֮૵漴˿˼ڤ֮УͬһΣⳡΣ˺ܶ࣬̾߹£߹˵еĸʥħ컯ʥĹʥȵȣ˯УһУԶ꼻һ֣㡣
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еַ㣬ȴ֪ܻʱ⣬ȻΪʱٵĸı䣬ԣҲֻǼµʱѡ
һգַһ貵Ľɫâҫϣ·ʥƣʥׯϣҲһ֮ȻȻŶ·һУǻȻɣ
ַˣ·־һɱ㡣
ǿͨʥصôڣѵҪ죬Դʥ¼ഫҲ޷˰ɡַһʥͨôഫ޷侫衣
磬ΪףһУӡڣˣ㽫ʥΪӡַ૵ӡȫȡ֮֮Ļǿ˲֪ٱ
뵽⣬ַһһɨ磬漴ǰһʥѩ¡
ѩµ۹Դأǿ޾λӴ½֮У֮ڵѩͬһ֮ǣӵʥˣҵ۾ǿߺܶ࣬ʸǱؽǣһʥء
ַѩµ۹˼գټѩµ۹ʥڣһգǷأչƶ򣬲ɱʥַ֮㣬ͬ紴ߣǶӦȥ
ַ֮߳Լ磬췣УЩⶼ֮ܵսӰ죬һսĿս֣֮˿Ҳ˸о˾Ƶı仯Ʋɵ׷˳չԼҪ⶯ҵʱΪǿߡ
ʱַҵ췣һλʥǿߣʵΣ
һսܣҪûʣµʥǿȻͬ⣬ȴ⵽Ѫѹֱӱɱͬʱ׷ɱˣԪ˵ҲúٷˣϾͼ¼飬ĳʥ͵Ϊڶ
⻼˵ļͻϮʧֱٺãٶȻָ˺˿Ҳռݶˣ˫ǿսҲ൱ʧأǼһᵼƽб
ھͥҲǸ治ϣ˼ǳ۵һˣĳħͷأɱһŻ߼ǿȫûʥֲɾ;ħе˶ƵģҾ˵ǰͿʼˣ̵ֻԽԽǿԽԽӴ󣬲ǿע⡣
ַԷĻͷ΢վħͷĵ·ԵħͷܺûжԹֻҪܹԼʵǿ߾ɱ̵̫Σˡ
֪ˡַ΢΢ͷصϢܿʹպݷˣַЦַ㣬ĳҲ˵һ
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ԼҪͱ죬Ǹ߸ϵĴڵˣϸȻҪһΪΣЦʹַɫ˸ʵϸʲô뷨
񣬻ǣѾ΢׼ͬʱԼŽһΣؽŽγΪΣ˵뷨ʹַɫ¡
ξϴһ鷢ˣһҵ˿ŻǱߣǶ֣ٶ֡ɫ
ַ̾Ϣһ漴һ֮ɫãټ췣֮ˣ׼ǰŽ


2489 һս
ŽΪùһδȴܴϾ˵̴档
һգŽ¿ճǳأַٴλΪһˣҲһһͬƽ˰㣬ĻûҲǼǿġ
Ǳ߿ս֮ǱȻͨǰʱҹŽս¶һǲ˻켣ԣȵǻ֮ݻԴ󣬽ţǱŽӴ˴Ӿɡ
ַ㴫˵Ǵ˻ػĲƽĻж˵һǺεǡ
ַ˵ͷ᲻÷ݣôҪʱͻϮΣ֮սŽǿ롣
Щ߸ϵʵС֮ʱμӾȣֽ̤ɱɱ֮󣬴ûֹͣ׷ˣЩԹҪˡ
̧ͷַ㿴еĳǱЩվڵϣ˭ʸոǣЩ߸ϵĴڣбǲ̤ڽµһ죬һ죬Ѿ١
Ǳߣʼˡ³һƬ֮еĳǱǿҵ죬Ȼôͷ˾ҵղ
ɣգ̼䣬ķ漴һӰ·ӽ߳ǱϢͻأĽŽͻһĻʹŽ޲𵴣漴޾Ľ״Ȼȥ𵴵ʹز֪жǿ߱ǿֲĽ׻
漴Žѹȶ£˲ϢŽӿֱӴƬգͬʱɱš
飬ǶּһҪսҪ𣬾ͱ˶ԸһҸȼֱҲǼΪµģ󣬱Ž֮ɱͥ
յٶȾҲǻˣߣ
£ͬһӰʧӰŽ
ַƬԵһжҰ֮Уܿ죬˴ݻŽͨĴͬʱվ֮ϣ磬Ƭշһ֮Уͬʱ֮ڣֲĽУƺΨһͨͨ
е˵زҲֻһ˰ɡַе漴հ֮أһӰڿն𣬺Ȼ췣ǿǷ׷ǰУѹȶȥ
ͬʱַӰȻ併Ͽ֮أս֮ˡ
ʱŽɫҰףȻ䣬Ŀ˻ΪĿַϣַʵݡ
ַ㣬췣ΪλҪָϾɱѵͲǸ֮һҪģ췣Žַͬ㡣
콣һӦòǰɣͻϮ󣬽վڴ˵ءַƽ˵ɫǵȻĿŶԷ
ȻˣǱɣŽ콣̼䣬һɴķ֮ɨֻŽ𣬳ַһն콣·ƿ졣
ʱ⡢ַֹĮ³һ̼䣬ʱ·ͣǹĻâҲͣˣֱַӳŽȥͬӰ⣬²Ӱ
Ȼ䣬ַһһǧӡһУŵ֮ͬ£ؼ֮УϢҪûУӡ֮ͬӡǰ㣬סΨҶ
Ž˹콣նǿĹ֮⴩͸ʱ⣬ն˵ӡ֮ϣһɲǼ䱬ɨΧһжҪ¿յʥϢֱӱݻ٣˺ѳɷ飬
ǿײȻֱӶԿʥ¿Ž֮оĩսˣǿǿ߽ŽѽгʥĵΪΨһϣȻֱַӿǵôܻȿ¡
ΨסַٶȺվգףݾ죬ӡɱ·㲻֮ݻһУŽֻоһصֱͷκˣԽԽǿս콣ŭһػɫȻײֱû⣬ͬʱŽоʱⶼҪͣ£Ľ޷
ΨҲ𣡡ŭһ廯ɫͬһԶŵĵܣ񷣬ӡϣţ˳㣬ӡ̺֮֮Ҳַ̺ںϵĴԲУһͨӡ
촫飬ŽĿԲŭһ
£ֻ屻ǹϵֱû廯޾Ƭձû׳֮УһɢƷ価һ֮ɱ
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ʲôʥÿֲھ֮ˡŽ˸оĩյĽ٣ȷʵĩգַ㽫콣漴ĿɨطֱӡֱӺ˳ȥ̼䣬һϾǿܵûУֱӱݻ٣һλŽǿ߶סˣ㶣ĿⶢַһʵδЩ̫ˡ
ղһе·ϾǿߴʥһΣ̫ˡ
ȥʰоְɡַ˵˾䣬Ž췣֣ԸŽǿŽֱɱһŰɱ֮սûжãŽ㻯˾ʷַߣַ֪ʵȵزұ㲻ݻٴɱֱɱȥǱˡ
һʰַƽ˵ʹ΢΢ͷ֪һսַ֮ھһ档
סӰ˸ַߣ¶ϲɫ׵ʵǿ
߰ɡַ˵漴뿪ΪƽصŽӴ֮󣬸߸ϴھһ
Žһսܿ촫˾ַ֮죬ƺӡ֤Ĳ²⣬ǵجΣˡ
֣½򣬽ƶ
ַ㣬ڶ̶̵ʱڣһԾΪ˾Ĵ˵ͬһĴڣûܹ뵽ĳɳ˵Ŀ죬쵽ЩԽܣǽ֮⣬â¶֮ʱ֮档


2490 Ծ
ˣ׵𶯣ǱߴˣŽٶȱݻ٣췣һһĴڣܹɱӵгʥʣµʼ˿ֻţ·ĩգ١
һգۻһȴ˼֪Щʲô
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Ѿ붯ǿȫȴǽ١ƽ˵ߣ߽⣬
ܱ֮ǰ̤ħ˵Ըһս
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ʹʣµԼɫ˸Ҫоսôǣƺ·ˡ
ַʵѾϽޣǣʤô̾
ѣ飿ΪһλҪɱ㣬㲻սܶοô
ϾǿߣΪںĴԲԴǿʥֻҪϾɱĻᣬΨһҪʱֹͣǿСģһץסᣬ»ᲽŽ󳾡
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һϢԼ췣ȻҲ֪ˡ
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һħ죬ɱȵ룬Ԥ߲ҽһܵסǿͨ
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ҪǰԤҡͷ
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ǿҲѾк̣͵ǵǿĿײһ֮ʱؼ·һɿµɨ¿֮˶оһϢ˶ӣҪ뿪Ƭռ䣬̫Σˡ
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ʱٻָ漴ʱ⡢ᣡ
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׵Ժ״˵ʱֱӺһףؼΨпµ趯
յ֡ѩ˵漴෽һλ췣Ͼǿȥ
գᣡ
죡
ͬʱȳ̼䣬ֹֻͣӰʧһǰֲһȭշ飬űǿҲһ飬Ҳǿµĳʥֱӽһλǿɱ֣ε
صԸԸϣԸħţ磬ַ峯űȥţ⣬ǶеսַɱΪʲ
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ͷˡ֮ϣͻأнӿȻ䣬һŭһȺ֣Ϊ֮ˣ
ǴЭ飬һͳ漴ͳ̫磬뷨δЦ¶֮ɫкοЦٶ˫޵У˭ƭһɱ˭ܵץס


2491 
¿֮ˣ̫Ҳ۷Ծ֮УԸӣһսĲǾ֮ˡ
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ͼ¼Ѿ޸һûȫյΪƵĵʱڼţڶ֡
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졣ѩȵ漴ĳʥǰ
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ͱѩǿǶסˣζû뵽ᷢΡ
֣֮ӻ۶컯֮֮УںϵӰһȫµӰһ˾߱ߵϢȻһûеİַһҲͬµ
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Һ߲ɱ𵭵˵Ҫһ£˳۵ң籾ΪΪ𣬿ɼǰ£ֻҪ
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Ȼ䣬ֻĿסһˣŲȻ̤˳ȥ
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ֱӳʧӰǰֲɨˣһ֮ţҪس
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𣡡ţǿ߳ˡ
𣡡ǿߣҲ΢΢漴ѩĿϣʹöԷһԷе֮Ҳͷݼ𡣡


2492 
áѩĿһɨˣЦݿ˵ӽ󣬶ȸңһͳΪ
ôҰģҪ㴣Ҫһͳ׳ƳȫΪ£Ӵ˾Ψ𡣡аһֱڰƶ˵ĳȻսԭΪľǽգĵգһġ
ʱһ˭ҲӣȻƾǿʵշѹˣʹĿġ
Ŀ⻺תַǣ˵ַԼ⣬ֻ購ңԿɲ
ַ㣬һҪɱģǽ֮壬غλΪϵ֮һ˵Ϲʱĩս֮ʱϴ֮֮ǰԤԣλ֣˾кഫԣ֮ܵλڣȻأλǷ̳У
ַ㣬֮ʼ֣ǧѾϾΣҪ취롣ţַУʹַĲ£漴ƽ˵˭Ը˳Ҿ֡
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ɫ£ַ㣬Ϊȡʱ䡣
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ַͱ˲Ϣ߿֮У׷ɱַȻһĮ³һʱ⾲ֹ
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𣡡ңͬͷãǧӡһ𣬽Ӱڻַȥ
ַʱ٣屬ˣɫѿ
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𿴵ȫַӰѪѾȾĳۣ𺳣ַˣܷȿսʴȻڲս֮ʱûʲô󰭣˿ַ籩µĹҪȫ⣬컯֮ת£ǧǧɱɫ䣬ٶվǱʱӰˣַвĴڡ
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˳ұˣַټһŭ֮ھ죬û뿪ǿţûɱַ㣬ַˣҲ㹻ǿˣַʵεȿ£Ȼȴܣߡ


2493 ¸
ַ㣬
δһսַЯǿʵǿǰվȴǰˣܸ˱𣬻ѩͬ컯񹦶ı𣬵ڶգ£ҪΪưԾ̫綼ʼ
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úϢµΪϳڱѩɥ߽⣬޲꣬ѩڻǶˡ
תۼ䣬ǰȥʱھĳҰ֮أһӰȻ䱻ֲֻ֮漴ֻû
һݵӰ֣ȻǺ֣ʥȻȴĴ׷ɱˣѩ׷ɱš
ţʱ򣬺ɫ£ֻȡһöĿâ漴ƿնȥ


2494 ı
֮ǵУһͨСݣַ㣬
ַԼ統У飬йϽǿ磬Ϊַ壬ʱǿС
ˣ޷޸ַ̾Ϣһǰͱսһ飬ʹܵصĴˣʲô޷޸ƣƲˣģ磬ַͬ㣬Ҳսԭ
һսսεǿᣬܹñܵشҲι̣ǣȴҲΪ˸˲ʹĴۣ޷ˣ²һλͨϾǿߣΪЩеһǴ⣬ʱѲϵ
ʱַ̨ͤţԶֻţǿļҵ硣
ţ磬겻գѵҵַƽ˵ܴأȻо֮š
ƶҲ컯ءţЦ˵ȷʵ磬ҿٵأΪΪƣռʱ⣬ⷽ磬ˡ
һ벻Ƿ̤񾳣
ȻҲ֪ΪΣ϶ǡ
ţհʾ񾳺йأĪ⣿
ôҵģδˣҲҲ˵ţЦµ͹ȣȴʣǰľ򣬺ϾϵΪ֪ж۾ڶ㡣
ַ΢΢ͷ漴Լ磬૵ҵ·˲ͬҲνں֮һǸߵ·еʱ⡢Сռ䡢ӵԪأ֮ʱ룬ٵ޸ңΪʱ磬̺һӵеһԪء
ǿô룬Ȼտʼȥ׷ЩںϵĻϾǿսţЦ˵ʹַ΢΢ͷ
һҪһ֮֮컯ַ̧ͷ죬Ŀޱȣǳ̲ȴо֮ǡ
סʱߣַ㺰һ
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ల£û˭ȶ֣ȵıѹƣڸ׵ǣڱ׷ɱǰ½磬ǵҲûټھ컺ڣʹַ΢΢ͷ
ˡʱţ˵漴ַ˳Լ磬磬ַһӰվǰΪףȴϡ
ʦַ֡㺬Ц¶Ц⣺ַ㣬û뵽㾹һֱ֮ǣǴ󵨡
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ַ㣬ߡֿϢޣֻ赲ַǰ
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áֵͷ漴˸һ𣬴ַƿȥţȴһʱ⣡
£ʱ·仺ЩҪ׷ַ˶òͣ¡
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ȥӰ磬̤ȻһʥȻ콣
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ˣֻ֮˿˵ǵˣȻĵ
ʦԤԣбһ٣ȴû뵽һ٣㣬ұɻΪվϣֱǰַ㣬ұˡƽڡ
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ַĽŲȻֻͣȡһöģ΢ЩʹԵ֡
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ַ㣬δ̫СʦˡЦ£뿪
ǺãʦֵҵȥУҪһˡַЦ£漴һϢûֱֵ֮Уڴ˿ֻ̣һӰȻħʥϣ
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ҵӰӣͬĴڣȥһҪȥħʥϣڣʹַЦ£ҲδȥҴԷ
һʱұߡַ㵭˵
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2495 ħ
ַҵһطϥ漴뵽Լ֮С
ַ̯㿴ͷ΢ʹһΣȻԷȴһ̣ԼԼҴԸַ㣺ɣƭ֮ˣɱ֮ˣ⣬ǵ֮Ȩȡ
ַڵʱɵıѾҡˣȻһͬʦԤߣˣһٺֶΪ̽Ԥߣôֵмһ׷ˡ
ңΪ̽νħʥϣǷľӰӣܹ֪һУȻַõҪ֪Ľ
ȨȳַǰǿȨ֮У·ʲô˰㣬ַ˲ϢȨȡһϵ漴ַ㿪ʼʼַܹƿȨ֮ʱ͵ַǰȻһ档
һΡ봣֮УӰһλߡһλꡣ
Ϣ嶼õģ·ʱʧ㣬Կɡ
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ʦ𡣡졣
Ȩ㣬Ȩȣ֮һɱ㲻⣬й¶йб٣ֻҪ֪ҪɣԶŵĽƻ裬εĽҲܵλңȥĹиоһԵ
˵գ߻һâʧӰ﷢ꡣ
ʦΪģ٣Լȫɡ૵漴â׵ʧһУַУһᣬ¡
꣬ĵԣȨȣһȻδãԿ֮ʱûУǣȨȽȻȴ˵˵һʱĵöôľ޷ˣԼ֤ɣй¶
֪ѱȡַ̾ϢһħʥϣʲôڣΪȡԼһЩ䣬·ָ㡣
ħַͷ΢΢ţǰϢħʦѩǰȥ޹ӴˣħУ·͸һع֮ϢΪǿ֮һ
ַ벻ףħתΪܹԤ⵽Լĳɳ켣׵ۣõ֪ϹڡϦǺꣻǡʹ֣ѵħҲܹ֮Ԥ
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ħҵҪһ⡣ַ΢߳硣
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߰ɡַ˵ͷ漴һƿնȥħʥϣûдַǰ̫ħߣ˺Ȼħ
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ϣ˵ţֻŲ漴ֻ֮ͥУĳϢǿᣬ֪֮˶ǿߡ
ǳתǳȻҲϰĴڣ칦ܻҲħ֮죬ܳɾ͸ǿ񹦡ϣƽˣĿˣϣܹħҴӦ㱣˲ҪħǿɵĻұ֤ļѣѡ
֪һĪҲҪɳ֣ΪתУΪܹԤߵĹ켣ַ
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ħʥϣһâ뵽ӰУ˵㱻ħħӡùħ֮ˣַ㣬ħ˺ƽ¡
ַͳһֻۣޱ飬֮ͫ͸ǿޱȵħ֮⡣
㡢𣡡ַ㣬·˳
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˵ĽŲһǰţĬ漴ħǰ
ֻħȻ̧ޱȺ˵ǵϣ̼䣬ֻо岻ܿư㡣
ַ㣬㻹Ҫôһ֮ħһ壡ֱ쳹ַԺ֮УַԼ־漴·ͶԷ־ϣʹħʥϣ⣬ǣںϣͬ壬Ҳڽںϡ
ڵħܹܵһ𣿡ַ㿪˵Ȼ䣬һǿħţͬʱȨͻأ֣޾⻪͸һУ˲ϢħԼ־Уħ·ĺһУǹɿµݻһУˡ
𣡡ħŭХַ·Ҫ
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㾹Դ칦ħܱ͵ϮȻձַһڻڷֿǹﱳѣ˫ش֮£˳ɳ֮


2496 ǧ仯
ħŭһ̼䣬ȫ̮ħ֮Ŀ⳯Ŀ¶־֮⡣
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һգַӰɽ֮䣬Уأ¡
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ÿգַڱұһսޱȣ˺ɴ಻ᣬȥսȻַɱһϾ֮ˣòÿαԳ֣ȥоʲô㣬ȥС
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2497 ֮սһ
ľƣƺȤ
ħħǱߣڤħҫΨַ֮㣬֪١
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𣡡һޱڴλ֣һ죬Ҫˡ
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ˣһ̣ħ֮ͥϣһӰħʥϣֱַȥǰΪַĸԸħ漴ɲַ֪ħںϣǸʱ䣬ȻԴַ㲻ٻӦħ죬Ǿַ֪㻳ˣˣǲȡǿӲʩʧˣΣʧܡ
֪ʱַ֣ȥȻȴһֻڤ赲ǰɷţճӡ
ͬʱħҲˣվħʥϣǰ
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ͬʱŶԷħķ񣬷ţݻһУ˳һ˽һˣضҪݻ١
ħʥϣһȭճ޾ħģЯݻ֮⣬ȻͬʱħͬɱһӡַӡǻħӡݻһУײһ쫷أ쫷磬¿յһжݻٵ


2498 ֮ս
˿ַ̣磬縴գ֮䣬Ҫϯ硣
磬·һַӰ֮Уһ磬Ѿӵһ硣
Ӵˣ֮ʱ⣬ںһɡַϣһ֮֮С
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磬һɿֲɱַ΢ӰɢͬʱĹַ֮ϣʮɨײڱΧȻȴ·Ȼδ㣬ַֻ֮
ԶħƽĿһУַôˣôֲ֣νˣ֮λ㲻ַ㣬ȻҲڱ
ֻоԼݻһеΪ̵ʯ֮ϣַ嶯δ֮ҫַתһַ̣Ŀ֮âɨʹñĺݺš
ˡַƽ˵漴ӡɱǹɾ֮ݻһУ·֮ӡǣŭһ彥ɢ
Ҳģ˵漴׵ĻޣַĿһɨأʱ·˸ԣȻǸ֮սڳš
Ȼ䣬ַĿԶޱߣɫһŭХһȥ
ߣַһһʱһӡֱӽӴ֮УʹȺĺݺţɱˣַ㣬ɱ䵽ȱǿ֮زӽ顣
ס飡ַһ̼䣬飬ŵ֮һĲţַ㣬̫ˡ
ɽ֮ϣֻħ̧ͷ죬֮ϣ䣬ҫأһĻʹ÷ħ¶һĨЦ⣬ɣڳɳսˡ
ͣսɡ˿ֻ̣ħ˵̺֮ϣ̼䣬Ես·ֹͣ㣬֮ϣһӰƮ£Ȼʦ
Ҫ˵λˣ˭أ֡ʦЦ˵ͣɣûʲôսˡ
£սݣͿڤͣħʥϣħͣ¿ţǿߵսҲͣ
һЩ顣ַֻƽڣ漴ĿħʥϣħʣҸԸΪħʣܳһʱҶΪĿ꣬׷ϣȻδ뵽һжֻıȻ˭ͣΪ֮ǰҪߵ·
֪ϣַʵ
֪Ҳ޷ڰ겻̱Ҳ޷֪ҵʦһġַƽ˵
ϣɿַ㣺ȻҲˣô֪ܣ֮⣬еˣ
ʦӦõ˰ɡַûв漴ֻһӰɽ֮ͥУ˹ȻԤߡ
꣬ҵ֮Ȼ޷ӦȷʵǴͷУһУģַʵ
֪˭ϣƽʵַɫ΢漴³һ̫ħ
սħ˯Ȼգħ䣬֮Դϵʦ֮ԤԣħЯ֮ԼӵԤһع˳˯ħ֮УΪˣħһָΪҲңڽ֮ǰ߽֮·ǣ֮һУ̶ƭˣħ˶ۣĳ϶ԣȷʵӰӣĸԸ̫ħߣħ֮Ӵ֮ħͽһ壬ٳλĿԽǰٷ֮٣ȻȴûгɹôֻǿɣҲǻˡ
ǶԵģǧǰûʲôɣѹҲҲɣѹǷѾ꣬Ϊһ֣ΪֻҪĸԸħΪħһ֣ұϺħڣһ壬ûƻǵλˡַ˵һУȻʡ
ǣΪΣݵ֮񣡡ַ㿴Ԥߡ
ұΪ˶ԤƽӦʹַ΢΢ͷûΪ˶
λ֣ҲøˡԤ߿񷣬漴â뵽ħ֮Уħ֮ʱħ֮ˡ
̫ħ㱾ˣҴħ㴫ħ֮㾹ѣڣںϰɡ
ħʥϣƽ˵漴Ҳħ֮Уֻħվһ̫ŵħ𵴡
￴ַ㡢ֿһ۷ħƺκһˣذɡ
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һ֮񣬷ħѴɣλܲΪҡħ³һ漴ڤ֣
ô᣿ڤһ𣬻âɡ
ˣ͹ħ֮Ψ󳹴ڳɹ㣬ҵ̥ħƽ˵漴ڤӰ֮УʱƣʹȺ޲ȡ֮λĿڤǷħ˵̥֮
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˵գͬʱȥ˵ʵѾһΡ
ַΪڤ𺳣֮У·ҪӡͬŵĻǣ£һս۷֮ս
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֮ϣµϼʢλƺʱܽ٣֮ս˭ܳɾλ


2499 ֮ս
ַ㣬ΪʦʱһַĿ⳯ħȥȴħԤվǣЦº͡
ÿµˣַͷһȻʱһħֱڡԺ֮С
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ȥַŭһȻǿµֱӺ־ϡĻϣʹ𵴡
ǿַ΢Щɵ漴磬һ֮Ȼ併٣ʹַɫӲ
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ַ漴֮ϣȻƱãֻһӰ·֪ԺηǶַӰһȫ뵽ַ֮УʹȺ𵴣⼸ַ˶⻯
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ˡˡˣһµĹַϣʹַ岻ϱȻȴɴǣ֮ɨ
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λħˣȺɫӲַ˷ħȻλȴ˷ħ
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λҵġħȥ漴һϼ֮У֮⻷ַֻ㣬Цַ㣬û뵽ûкںϣɸλͺ¿ԤԲ٣ɳλϧģ
ʵҺ㵽£ȻҪħַ㣬ƽ˵˿ַ̣ɫѿͻȻ䣬ЩΪʲôյĽ֣Ϊˡ
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ַ㣡ˮᣬȻ漴ЦˣҰȥ
ңҲ̧ͷ
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ǰɣʱ̫ˣҪںʱоˣַ㣬λһǹһλ֮ǶеӣҲҺħƺħ֮񣬵ôƺأʱЦŵ
ַǰʱ϶Ǵ֮Ӧвһĳƺţ磬ͳ֮ɡ
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ַ㣬ұˣŻЩˣ죬ʥǺȥ𣿡
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ãСҶߣħ̤ˣʲôʱҲʱϵԱߵʦһۣģʦԴһЦʹþ֮˽Զһ̵ʦһ꣡
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һתһַҷ㣬ȥΪɡ
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ַ㣬СŮڷӡɽʲôʱ˰ħַ㣬գգʹַһЦĶӣħϸ磬һ£ȴˣ


2500 
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нɢˣҲڡħ˶ɢȥ̫ޣҲ̤
³ˣ췣Ϊʢ
յַؽңͨһ磬ַ磬֮ţ˿ˣȴֻо̤뵽档
һ죬֮λһ֮ϣ֮ǰӰЩӰԶһЩµĴڣϾʵǿߣЩˣдˡˣҲϾǿߣлͱѩǶսսǰġ
Ȼʱֻ֮һ˳ǵǻȥɣ˵ˣʹҲȲѲŹ˳ϣԺú÷չԼǡ
лλɫ˵ַ㲻Ǽƽϴ£Ȼַ㲻в
Ҳ߰ɣûպǼƽϡ֮߳ٶȻ˻֣ʱҲȥԺҪܺԼҪٴŭˡ
һ죬֮һӰΪ֮һ˲˹ǽ֮⣬ĵλҪһ죬ͨһ
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ǰ̨֮ǰʹ󺦳վǣߺŵ𼱣һû츳ˣͱŽ̨ˣٺ١
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ҲãʦһЩʱաַЦ£̨ʥݵϢϣ̨

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޾֮ϣͬһַվǣ¶һĨЦ⣬漴뿪

ϵĲ䣬ʣôʥࡢô̤ʵڲУΪβΪʥŮ֪׷ȻδĹǧ꣬бǧΨ㲻䣬û뿪䡣
һ죬ʸˣǰ·˫°ͣ·ڻʲô㡣
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