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ߣذ

ݼ飺
Ǵ֮գСؤҶ壬ںϺǣ˵ǣڵǡʵգҿҶƵ۹̤ɽѰ·


1 Զ
ƴ½۶
һƬгʢľ󣬳ͷܶʿﲻΪ½ǿ֮һʿͿֲĳ֮һ
ͻȻշƾޱ䣬ɫ¡죬顣
۶ҡҡ׹ټ䷿뵹ľݣʿæԼķΪǿĸԷɵգһЩΪСģֻʵֿ˻
ЩûƽһĴӴܣСУˡˡ
ƣǵѵǿʿڶһɽڷյʿĿһƬҵĵ۶
ˣǸǶôǿĴڣȻ󣡡һʿĿɿڴ
졭쿴һʿۼֿ죬ָԶվ
˽ԶѸָǸ򣬾һ̣ʿĴԽԶһƬհףǵ˼ܵǿҵĳǿһ˼Ļ棡
˵ͫ׾ҵ΢΢ʱ˿̣ǽԴһҪĤݵ뷨
Զ֮кһͷֵľƺ֮ţһɹĵɢͷţ¹Ϻߣߣ㣬צƷƻ
ûǴ˵֮еԶ
۶֮УһƬҡ
СܵܣСģһתöһ͵İ׹³ȹ
ҶֻоǰһŶԺ𡰺¡һ죬Ҷƽı۾
Ļ
ҶŸоԼһ֮ϣǼᵽ磬Ҷ̰ȫ˱ǿ֮УĴһ
Сܵܣ㡭ϿǸö˿Щ֪ˣȫûиոհҶƴӵķ֮¾ȳǰ
ҶŲ۾ŮӵĽգȻֹͣҵ
ǰŮӣԼĪʮ꣬ǡ֮ĶһϮԵóȾɫ֮оȻ͸һĨߺ죬Լ˼һ
ҶŻŻŵվ˼ЦЦ
Ůȴ֮⣬££ǰһ˿ҶƵСܵܣ㻹ǿЩǰɣ̫Σˣ
ҶӣԼڵ۶ַһСؤʮ꣬޸ĸͻ㱻ѹҿһŮӾԼ
֪㷼Ҳպ󱨴𣡡ҶһЦոŮûԼңϾԼ˵һˣˡȻûϹѧȴѧô͵һڼ֪ʶؤ
ǰڲͬСؤɰŮ촽ЦЦŲгɶպ󱨴ʲôľͲˣҲǾ֮͡
Уˮ֮ӿȪ౨֮ձؽʮ˭֪ҶȴԴǵȴһ˼ҵĹӣһСؤ
ɶһ漴¶һĨůЦ⣺Ȼô˵ˣǺãĵӣԺҪȥң
ɶô˵ʵҲֻǷܶѣСؤһҲ󣬺̸֮˵
ãлл㣡ҶҲųһЦͬʱҲصĵ˵ͷ
¡
һҵĻζ·۶ҪƵãԶƺʲô˶ӣԶƺûռʲôˣ
ֲ̫ˣʲôˣȻܸԶȣ
֮ӳֳһ˵ӰԶߺߣһαҪƤʳѪΪƤΪ£Ϊҩ
Զߺ޵ƴ½Ͽж޹ƽѵͲ׽ô
ףӰЦģһ׽֮ǰµģ
ϣǵӰʧڿУٵںڵĹ˷ĻۣĿռʱݣԿռѷ֮УǳԶΧм䣬һȣٵâţٵһԶȥ
Զҡ֮䴩ΧĿռһ޴Ĵų֮УռõҡΡԶſһϢβ͵سǰĺâ˦ȥ
¡¡
һ޴֮һĺڶγɣҿıȽϽʿ˲䱻С۶ǧݶʱݣҲиʿɵ˿С
Զڸ˶һʿĴеһܣԶŭҪռģʱҶû˵꣬ǸʿͻΪһ⣬ѸٵĳԶȥ
䣡䣡䣡
ǼǿҵײԶ·˵Ķ֣½սЩƣƵģ֮ϸܵҲжദѣѪ


2 Ѫ
ɣ㲻ǱĶֵģѾ޳ϴԶǳѣڱѾȫѹסˣɣ˹Цͬʱָ鵯ǰڶռ飬ռѺ۾⵶һԶƬһһѪۡ
㲻Ҫ⣡õҵģԶצ͵سǰһץڶɫãһצ֮·顣
ãǾͱֱĺˣϵ󴩴Ц˫һķһѺɫâǰ漴ΪһһĵǼ̣гǧ򣬻ӣӣ
ọּ̈̄ٵǧ򣡶ôֺĳ棬ǧ뷢
ԶЩ޳ϵ⡭
ɣ󴩴쳤Хһǧ̻ƿռ䳯Զ춼Ǻɫǵ㣬ۻҡ

û´ĻֻʿſԽģô֪ѵעԺҲŮôҶƴ˿ڳǽ֮£ǻʹз󣬾˵ǿʵۼڶǿһͬµġŶߺ¡¡ʱʱһһƽŻŵ֮ܽУҶƸпѡ
˻ֻʿſԵֲֵעݽһ㣡Ҷһݸ͵˳һ
ҶƵݱ΢ûжôõ츳Ȼûȥ֮ټʿ٣ԵλҲԽ֣ǵ۶Ϊˡ
˵Сؤôλһأһ󸹱Źٷӿڳǽ֮µҶƣΪס˱ǿף
Ҷ֪Լûзأֻ̾һŴһȥ
ҪĻΪʲôӽҶƲмƲƲ죬Ҳɵ֪Լܹڴ֮оҲˣȻ졣
ΪӴ󣬻µ۶ûġǼһЩ˿̴֮ھ;ۼڶԱƽڴˡ
ıҲ֪λǰڸԶ򶷣ԶȻͲðˣûֱӰĿռٵѾˡһոӽʿԹʿȻΪûжߡȻҲҪӽˡ
ʲôԶѵǵôһƽɻʵ
˵Ҳȥȥȥ·Ǹʿȴţĺܣ˿Ǹƽֱȥƿ档
۴λĽڽ֧ŴһһĿռ𵴣ǶͨΪȻǿޱȣһͨﾳʿܱġ
ԶҶĬĬļʣ۹⿴Զ֮УƬƬڸǣľѵԶ棿
ţһҵĿռ䲨λάִĽһȣˤڵϡ
λŭĴţ߾ȫ֮Ľٴ֧
֮УԶ󴩴ϵıϢҲûã໮յļ̣ݺݵشԶۼ֮У֮䣬ֻۡһ֮䣬ԶϾͱ˰̡
ϵԶŭĶˣȴ޿κΡ
ԶѪѪδεĵǽ֮ǰĴ֮ϣ󣬵˽ȥ
ףʲôˣҶɻϵˮΣŵǰ
ʺճ滹һӴ⡭Ѫ
ôˣʱҲкöʿϱѪεһԹ
ԶͻȻ漴һ˿ıĹâ
ҲùϢԶŴͣһѾõϢ͵ĿռѣϮȥ
СһЦ˫ǰѸٵ˼һĨͺڵĹâҫϢʱûУͬţ뺣ҲûһϢ
ΪȼհɡѪݣԶͻȻβϵͣ˲ͱȳ̬˽
ãɫһݣߺң
ԶζըѣϸСƮڿУһѪһ£һɴɫԪ˲ûڿռ֮С
ˣ˺޺޵ĿǰѵĿռ䣬ˣûϵһǸʲô˵ˣҲҲҪҳ˷ţռ𵴣¡¡һ쳹˵Ķ֮С
ء
ҶԱߵһʿͻȻԤ׵ıըˣ֫б۷һأʱ˿ֻš
ô£Ҷŵòᣬ΢ĳԱŲŲʹԼȥǹ⡣ʵŻµĸо
ֻһССİɫʿƮûҶƷӦ˲ûü֮С
ҶֻоüĴһ˵ˬ죬ָоҲʧˡ
գû뵽ոǸʿҲܳҵԪףСӺʿҲ㣬ֻһͨ˶ѣΪʲôܹݵҵԪأһҶһһŮӵ


3 ׽
˭˵ҶɻĴ£ȴΧЩŵɪɪƽǣм̲ס˳
ңҶԺ֮ٴöֻԵЩƣ룬ƺЩġ
˭ҶƺɵĿһܣûпŮӣɵʵ
ңҾ棡Ǹ˼֮ȶܹС
ǸոǸô˵Ҷ΢΢ֻһССؤѣȻʲô˹Ȼ²ѡ
ʲôֻҪȹ֮٣ͲһССؤˣ㣬벻ǸջԣҶӿȡ
ͬʱҶƾѸٵĵ˵ͷԸ⣬Ը⣡˳ɶĻҪҰɣ
ҪΪʿҪǿҪʵۣҶ૵ҺûԱߵȻ˴治Ļ㹻һٴˣ
ʵʲô˭֪ǸȴɲмһˣָԺ󽫻µܣҪʲôʲô֮еһССĻʵ۾˩ס㣿
⼸仰˵Ҷм˻ǰʵʲôҪΪʿǿʿʱ򣬾ʵҲǰϥ
ãԸУҪôأҶ߬ȭͷɿüĿ֮¶ɫ
˵ȶȹ֮٣Ȼһжǿ̸ǸĬһ£ϣܷң
֮У˷ĴţԶΪʩչѪҾû취ܲҵĵģҪһжݻ٣ҿδ
֮һżΪǿǿ˿һ۾ͻϢƺһΡɽ壬ڿ·ʱѹһУ
⡭⾿ʲôҶ𾪵ĿյһʵԵ壬Χɫռѷ첻źɫصĹâߵĿռѾ鲻վȴû˿Ӱ졣
ôȻҪһ۹⡭ǻ⵽ǴİҶڵЩƺǿ˼Ϊֲ顣
˷ĴЦԶȻҵòôҸһɣ𣡡
һɺ޼ʵĴԿдƺÿ˶оΣգÿ˶һɽѹͷڴһǿԿѹһƬռѷ죬״С
ҪʲôҶƿſУ͵һĭ췢Ѿ֪ˡ
ͻȻ֮һ˿ɫ磬ϣ͵ǹơ
ʯ֮䣬˸κηӦ۵ƾͱӲɢܹصƣȻ׵һ»ɢ
׽Ǵħֲ˺ˣҶڵЦ·еһ˲ȫɾˡ
׽ǴҶ˫ôģʹܹȥһ
ߣʩչѪݣٵħпͷˣ
ħ̤գ˫ԲȦγһС컯Ӳĵס׵
׽ôħ޺޵һܳɹҲҪֹңһҪɱɽ磬ɱɱɱһħһͷڷ裬һһ˻š
¡
һףħ󾪣֮һ֮䣬Ҫƽλ棬˸ȥȴû˿;׵֮£Ҳһɼѹѹֱգõħ֮ϡ

ħ𷢳һҵĺУһֻ첲ȻΪ˵΢ֽ⿪ʱֽһ㣬Ƿ
ħһʧһֱۣͬʱҲΪȡʱ䣬һ̤գӰʱû˿ռѷ֮ڡ
׺֪Ŀ겻ˣĵ֮ʧʡƽɢȥҲָʣҲ𶯡
ҶƸǸͬʱһĵҿˣȻҽڽӡ
㡭˵ĻɻҶƻ֮гϣʵҪˣֻһֱûлѡ
˭֮ǳͷأԼ
ȻӦģȻǲڣǣӦһ飡Ǹ
ʲôֻҪҶظ֤
ȵ㹻ǿˣɱħȻ壡
ħôǿҡҶոħĿֲʱЩô
ֻҪ㰴˵ȥ̶ֳܹȣֻʱ⣡Ǹ֤
ãҴӦ㣡ҶҧԺиֳɶĽաԼݵĲ࣬кܲζֺôججĻҲǻţͷſֽŲһѣһ޳ǰ;


4 Ѫ
ҽ飬ڵԪľڣովҸħսʹǷͿ̿ҸеܱǸĵ
һԶڿԽռ֮ʱСıħס˹켣ҵ壬Ϊҵ嶼ҩļѲϡǰסңȻ˺Ĵս
ҶոսȻǲȫ򣬱ֻõͷ׼Ūȥ
ȣҲ鿴һϵܴΪ˱쾭Ҽ֮ǰȥ棬ЩѪҵѪĨȫľֺܴĴ̼ԡ
ҶһѪڣܳ⣬ŵСһѪҶֱڵϴ˹ȫȫմѪҶƿһѪһ
ħĿľǵõЩѪȴըħĽȻȥռѪҲҶơ
˰ɣ
СؤǶˣ
ȥߣ

֮ڵЩ˿ҶѪϴ裬һ¶мȥУҶƾǷˣ
ûע⵽ЩճҶѪۿٶıţҶֻоԼ𺣣̵̹ģȴ벻ʸУ·ȫһ㡣
ܿ죬̷ѪҶϣҲѪĺۼˣҶϵѪҲƤȥƤþӨ͸⻬ޱȣԭϵ۹ණȫʧˣȡ֮ǽྻļ
ѪЧôҶӵվѪ֮ҶƵòҲ˾޴ĸı䣬㡢Ƿȴֲʧ㣬߻ԵĸһЩͶ֮ʣ·͵һΪļҵĹء
ˣҵѪڵĻһûŵǿ̫̫ˣԺһ;Ҳƽƣ𻯾֮ǰʲô̫ѹƿ
ǲҪڸ÷ҶƼһѾܾúܾˣ
ͻȻҶƸоԼڱһůͷǴ£֫ơ
ãЩŹ֣֪ΪʲôȴԳҵԪ񣬾Ǹʿܲסըˡʲ˵Ƕ⣬ڳ֮ҲˣҾҪڸ㣬㾭ѪĶ죬ѾһЩˣų㡣
ţҶֻоһһķľԺɣҶƾһ㱡
һ;Ǵ޷컯Ϊ٣ҶƵԺ֮УֳĴ֣˵顣
Զһǡ˷ǿΪ£Ӳ֮䣬ɽѣӶƼ꣬ܡĻ֮Դһ˿
ãҶƼĵ˵ͷ
ʱ֮䣬Ժ֮жС֣Ҷƻæȥ
ΪΣһΪ⡢ѪǡɡڶλԪΪࡢꡢԲֻǶԷֵĵȼȵɣϾͨ۷ˣԲϲ㣬ҲѾﵽˣҾһԶѾԲ硣ĸҶƽš
͡һûбôҶЩʧû뵽ֻڸԼһ
ĲӦ̰ȵ㾳㹻һķģҪģǰãĵĸҶƽš
ҶưԹĵ˵ͷҪֹסˡ
һûܴŵĵطɣǧܱţȻͻǰ鿴ҶһĲɵӣȻЩߡ
ֻҪû˴žͺã԰ɣҶһת漴ٺһЦ첽ĳȥ
ĺɽϣҶתתҵһѲݴԣǶѲݰǿ¶һɽҶȥ
ٺ٣һɽʱСķֵģֻһ֪԰ȫҶҫƵĽڶסȻ¡
⣬ĥԼ壬塣ﵽһµĸ߶ȣС֮ʯܶľ
ڣԪһţȸܵѪķڣѪȫѪȸϴģǲʹ
ţҶصĺһڵﵽһ˵ĸ߶ȣţһһٽĴʯͷҲ׵ľ


5 
ͻȻҶǰһֻһƤ׵Ů˲ǰͦε˫壬˵ģ󲿷¶⣬ֻһЩҪĵطƤ׸ҶڵסҶѪӿѪ֪
Ů۳Բڳɶǰ͹̵ġǰһ˫壬ɢһҰҶƲЩ
ڣѪЧϿȥ˭֪һҲᣬǶݺݵĺǳҶơ
ҶƻŻŵܳɽ»ˣɻʵôķ
һץԱһʮĴʯͷһ±˹ʯͷҶƣĮʯͷϵĶ£ȻʹšһٴΣ
һʮɫʯҶǰҶƴ˴˫֣һ¾Ȼͣ¶ף¶׵޺һ㡣
ǺЧһԾԼĶҪĺܴŤ˽ǣ˲Уüõˣַϰ
νĸ䣬Ҫɾͣͱȷеķõĵرֻ°빦ͨҪ̫̫ˡĪ˵Ǯ޶ģһͨҲŪġ
һϸĶҶƵĶʱָ֮ҶƸ
ҶƵĴһ͸оѪϣʹʹȫˮ֮Уڱж㡣
һ££££
ҶƲͣԾţÿоƣʱĴһÿһĽ⡣ܿٴ
Ҷ˴Լֹ֮סҶƵĶִԶһ޴ǧʯҶĿɿڴ
þȫʯͷ鵭££㷢ҶƵ
ҶʹһȭӳȻԼԼƿ֮
ȭͷǧʯ֮ϣǾʯֻ΢˻Σ鲻ĶҶƵͣ˵ýȫʯͷ첲⡢ȭšȡϥÿطһһٴΣסþȫ
Ҷҧӭǧʯȥ飡
ҶƵȭͷͣǿǧʯ֮ϣһȭһȭͱңţһ㣬Ѫɣǽ죬ƺҪˣҵʹĵʹʹҪȥҧͦס
һؤôôȥôӣƲ𣡸ôôǳҶһɾǿ֮⸡
ҲģҶƵţͬһͷҰޣ˫죬ļӴ
Ѫģַ֮ȣݺݵ߻
ԣԣ
ʯͷϣȫͣ࣬Ƥ
ײȫλⲿϥǡơСȡԶײӲʯͷñˡ
Ҷƴһľȫһ˿صüײڴʯͷ档Ȼص̱ڵϡ
ڣҪľþһзǿȵѵݲԼ塣ֻѪЧܱȫûаֲƺ˾ռһ㡣
ħһĶǴЩ˲Σѣ¹׵ĵӣҪħһѵҲԲҪǣҪбǿ־Ҷƾ־ɹʣ
ҶѪӣ͵ȥˡ
Ҷÿ쾭ָǿȵѵһ졣졢졢ʮ졭˾ץһЩҰζ˾ɽȪǺɽ
ģҶƿԱʮľʯˣٺԱһٽľʯˣ
һ֮󡭡
ҶƵƺһ֮ǰһЩΪӪ𽥱Щ鼡ܽʵɢֻ֮·õģΥ͡
飬㿴ڣʲô磿ҶŵĶһЦ˰ֵ
ͨ׶ѣֻšŶˣѾСˣڻܹӲͨ׵ǿߣ
ͨ׵ǿôҶŤŤӣЦЦ
ǰһڴֵСҶȭͷʱϾȻ¶ֲƣҲֵͷֵؤˡ
ȫ֨֨Ҷ͵سȥһֺݺһȭСϣʱСѣҶƵһȭѡ
Ҷȭͷǽž죬ҶЦӵĸо
飬ڿԳɽôҶƳϣʵ
ڵʵǿ԰ɣȻ㲻ǿ󣬵Ǳһͨﾳʿ˵ѾǲˡԳɽˣôĮ˵ҶƲӡ
ڿԳȥˣҶƺݺݵһĭ˫֮оɫɽһˣͨףȻٶ㲻Ͽ죬Ҫ֪ڵʵܹͨġ


6 
۶ǴУһ֮ڣʲôȫˣһƬٲʢľһǰ¹ʣǴûзһ㡣
ҶãûԸȥҶҲֵڣµ·š
ͻȻҶƿǰͷܶһΧһʾǰţк棬Ҳ˹ȥ
Ҫһһȵſ᣿߿ֱӽ½֮һУҶƵ۾ͻȻ
½ɣÿһ֮ǵҡ֮һ
ҶƵͻȻԱߵĺܶ˲ˬعͷּľȻһؤŭ
һлӿЩʲôãѵҪңʵһʿһŻĹӲмĿҶһۣȻס˱ӡƺҶжôŵζƵġ
ǡǡ෴ҶƳһЩƤûһ˿۹ûгζɢһֵ㣬ⶼѪĹ͡
Ҷƻ֮ǰǸСؤҲͰˣȹȻжԶԶģڵݿɲͬˣҶƿһͨ׵ʿʵֱ׷ͨףôһû竹ӿԱȵģ
ҶЦȥڿӵɲǣЦͻȻϡֻµֺݺݵ߬˫֮ŭĻ档

£ؤηηĶǽ֮УͻȻ·мµһͷһؤۼֿļ˹תͷǸСؤЦеƣһͷ԰ɣ
ǸؤϵЦݺ棬ֻһССĸͷ
ݣÿ
һŰĺŴһ˻ǸؤûκηӦͱƥصײ˳ȥѩ֮йһѪۣǿͷҲɵúԶ
ǸСؤɴ۾ֵĿǰү˵òӡԺ֮С
ǸؤҶ𾴵ĳߣҲǽҶƸˣ
ʮȥˣòû̫ı仯Ҷƻһ۱ϳ
ٺٺ١ҶƹЦţĿǹӣµ˫ȭѺ޲߬ˮӴѾȭͷۣ֮ʱԷһ
ЦʲôǹĿҶһۣ˵ϵĻҳǿ׳Ҷơ
лӣӸһĸоܶġʧڱӵġȻͣסǸӵɴ˫ۣ˼ĶŸȭͷȭͷ̺ľһ˸ǻСŰ漴Ϊ㡭⡭⡭
ҶЩаȵĶ⹫ӵ˫ۣӽһȺ֮У˭ҲûзҶƵȭͷմλӵĸջΧӿĴ
ۡǹ͵һѪ˫ǰһ̱ͫ׻ɢۿǻˡ
һ쳹Ⱥ֮УȺˣҲûΪǸӵ֧ŵ㡣Ҳһµ˵ϡ
оΣҶڵЩŲ
ĸо̫ˣҶЩ񣬿Լ˫֣ȵ
ֻһʼѣɱһΪۣԺӵĸоģ
Ҫʲô
μ۶еſȻ׼УҶô˵ʵЩ˽ĵģȻɶĿ֮еɽ㡭
ãƾʵӦòѣſҪʮ£Щ˾ǾҲе߽ͨףİɣô˵һģ
֮
۶ſڣʱڷһ̨һʮ̨д޵ķʽʮ˿ԳɹıĽʹߡ
ʮ̨ԱмΣȻǸļ࿼ԼĽʹ׼ģ̨֮ݱսš
ûκΣֻҪʮ꣬ԴޣӮ˵Ļ̨ϵű˶㷢սֱûսˣӮˡ
Ҷߵ˱ҪμεĴҪ
֣䣡߿Ҳͷ߶š
Ҷƣʮ꣡
ƺţǼǺˣʮ̨սֻҪսʤס̨ӮҡӮһڣȥɣͣ±ʣӸҶһӣš17
ҶƵͷӹӣ̨ȥ
ûиǿôһ㶼û˼һſĴЦҶƣû̧ͷ߿һӰ̨ϱѪһ㣬ȻȫĹͷˡ
Ҷư࣬˺òбֻһѣȻŪôݵĳ档
Ѿǵڰ˸˰ɣֺǲһ㰡
⵱Ȼˣ˼ʵ˵ͨ׵ʵһʮһ


7 ̨
˸ոձ̨̨¹ڵͽҲҶƶһЩ˽⡣ͨףΪб
ȤҵҪֺ
ҶһӰ̨֮ϣϳŵЦݡ
ⲻǸСؤôôҲˣ
˵Ҫ˰ɣ
һΪھŸе˵ģ
̨ҲвٹϳҶǵ۶еǸСؤһϧУҶԼ
ŶһؤҲޣЦ⺫Ҳʮ߰ˣȴûĿײСһ֪Ʊ
ϻ˵ҶƲͷİ˰֣Լȥȥ

̨¶ʱйھСӣ
ɭЦЦ촽һᣬһŤĲӣһô
ҶƲƲ죬ź֣оǲм֮ɫ
һ˹ʮʽ
˫һ΢ĻһܹͣҶ̺ͨ׵ʿʽٶȣԼǺĶ֣
ǣ
㣿
ҶƳХһǾҲ壬ƽĻӳһȭӭź˫ֺȥ
𿴵ҶƾȻҸԼӲӲдϲ˫ڴҶȭͷһɲǣ˲ƣ˫΢һ䣬̳һһµƿסҶƵ󣬽ֻҪ͵һҶƵͻϵ
ҲǺ𡰹֡
ѹǣʽʽϽ
ҶƸоֿסԼȭͷϾȻһ˿΢Ц˿ԼƵáû˷ʱ䣬һ˫ͬʱҲ¶Цݡ
ڵȴͷѵһ졣
ô£⡭ôܡԼȻҶƵ󣬺ǶԷ֮йעǧֲˣԷΪͨף˵Լ׵ģȴ֪ΪʲôȻ
ҶЦȵɶһţͬʱֱ͵һ飬һɴ˲˺˫֣Ȼ˳Ʊһ߷ɡ
ˣ
沿Ťһ𣬲Һŵ˳ȥ
Ҷûͣ٣ں廹ںɵʱ˲ߣ˫ȭ絷⣬һȭһȭĺںϡ
磡
Ҷȭںϣÿһȭƺעǧ֮շǧʯ龰ҶԺ֮УҶȫѪҺˣԶľѪһɹҶƵ塭
ɳһɣڵ֮ϣѪ磬ոձҶһ棬ݵ˼ţðѪĭ
˻
̨˽ԶһͨףǶôǿĴڣȻһСؤú޻֮
ȻҶҲʤɣһֻǱļˡ
ͨ׵ķǾ˵ģҶƴԲ彫һ֮ϣע˫ȣѸ׷ϺȻת˫ȭɡ
ڵҶѾˣϻһɵӣʤΪԷ⣬¶ӣ̨ͨ׵ĶִޣȻҶӮҲҪСĴۡ
̨µļеĽʹĸһ۾µĴҶơ˽
ͨףûΪʲôܹͨ׵ĺ𣿡
ӵֲѾԽͨף
ĥģ
˽ҶƵ۾֮ж˼ֺڴ
ҶƵ뷨ȻЧмͨ׵ʿ׼ޣҶǿҲûаٷְٵİӮԶĿת̨֮ϡ
㣡һȣһ̨֮ϡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦãͽˣ
Ҳ˵͵سȭΪƣ͵سҶ
һɼΪǿĹҶû˿ܵ˼ԭأһƽҪҶ͵һȭһԷΧ̺Ҷһȭ飬˵Ľضһ
ҶƷӦΪѸ٣ֱһ̽˵ֱۿУһǷЧ˺Ĺ֣͵سȥ
ȻҲʮǿֱһȻҶƿϵָ˫ֹһ䣬ĵҶƵؿڡ
ҶȻǿǱ͵һȭлЩʹģؿҶѸٵĻ⣬ȴⲻˡ
ȥɣ
ɫͻȻһɽƺƵĳҶƴ
ҶƶԼģһȭһȭȻӳӳԣ˿ڶԷķɽ֮¡
ꡭԷķɽҶһȭϣһ˿ûʹӣ˳Ӱһһȴ޲ӰҶ
ҶһȻҲķȣ첲һ³ŶԷؿײȥ
磡
˵ķصĺҶƵҶֻ΢Ļ˻ζѣҶƵһµ˵ؿڣˡۡ³һѪή
ߣҶһһ˵ĶϣʱϺһ̨ز֪


8 ɽǰ
Ȼƾһܹ鷨ɽ⡭ǿ̶Ⱦ˺ֵز
̨µĹڸЩίһĿɿڴ˵ˣû˵ǽȴǻļˡ
Ҷվ̨ϣȴûһӵģλͨ״Ѿܺõ˵ҶƵʵҲû˸̨ˡ
ʣŸ̨ʮּң˱ȥҲϵսգʮȷˡ
û˼ޣôʮ˽Ϊŵˣһ̬ưӵ
ѡһͷɥȻǴ޹ʧˡ
ãȻûսôʮҲôˣӻ˻֣ĸ˻๧ά˼仰תҶǵҽͨԺǽҾǵʦ֣ǽʦֱɣ
ҶϸĴʦ֣ͨȻ߽ͨףңǿޱȡ
λʦܣȥ·;ңԶ̳ͨǵ˵ͷվǣʮһƥݸǡ
ͨûеͨǲ̤շеģֻƥ
λʦܣſǶĴ󲻾Ȼ·ɣͨӸҶһ׸ɾĺɫۡ
ҶƶһЦ˲ӹϣͬʱڱŷһӲĽЩõ·飬˵ϡ
Ҷƻ·ԵӢˣȻһͨﾳףû˸Сܹͨ׵ǿߡ
ʮһƥʮһˣҹ̣һµĳ;棬;У߳˴һһĻֺɽ֮ǰ
ɽɽڣεضֱյУɽƣһ˿Χĸɽ壬һΧоۺ֮ơ
ƣֱϾ
վ£ҶƲɾ̾Ǵ½ڣ֮һ˷֪ӵмۺĵ̣һСԱ⡣
оҶƾ̾Ŀ⣬ͨһȻʦܣ˷壬ɽΪ֮ռ˷Բǧɽԭ𣬾Ƭ½ҲŶȡ
ҶƵ˵ͷҪͨǰУͻȻһŵĴЦ
ʦܣһ
ҶתۿȥһλСľ׳ӣҲĵӣҲǸŵӵġ
Ŷԭʦ֣ͨɫЩãǻǰк
ʦҲǸźüλ꣬ÿһĴűˣƺûѱ˷С
ڴյ߸ӣÿһ֮ʦֽĶͨаʦܣ󾫲࣬һôӣ᲻ôһĳĻأ
ͨɫʦô
򵥣ʦִ˸ָ˳ҵ˱һϣ
ʦһɫ˳
ͨһ԰վ˳Ҷѵһţ˭Ҳ˭˿̱Ȼв
㡭ͨѾվ˳ȥҡҡͷʲôҲû˵
ͽ̣˲мĶ˭֪ûֹͷ
㡭ŭ͵سǰȥ˲ߣһȭȥȭͷźɷ
ĶһȭһȭȭͷֻоֱһĪһɴԼôɼıˡ
Ŀ˵ӡ
ͨףͨЩûȷͨ׵Ϊû뵽ʦ־Ȼܹҵǿߡ
ͨףҴӴǿߣôʦܣǱ߿ɻһ¡ʦֵ
ɫһ󡢺һ󣬻Ĵӵͷ̧ͷ
Ҷ΢΢һЦվ˳ȥ
ô㣡
ʦִһҶƣȻһЦ˳
ͨͨѵ㸺Ĵôȱˣһͨ׵Ҳ
ʦһЦ༸ҲЦ
ҶƵûʦֵĳЦ˻֣ôˣô
ͨҪֹҲˣֻÿҶһ´ȥ
Хһŭ֣û뵽Լͨȴһͨ׵СӸЦˣһηҪǵһЩ
Ҷƿɲ֪˶Էͨ׵Ϊ֮󣬸ӵ˷ˣȭͬһû˿ܣȫӲӲķʽֵȭͷ
ͬЦˣеǿҡ
磡
һ죬Ҷֱֻһͬͭǽ֮ϣ޴һᣬȥǰһűزȳĽӡ
ǿ˿֮£Ҳǿ㲻Ҳ˶١һҶƱ㰵ľ
ҶȴˣԼͨףֻͨףԷһͨ׵ǿߣһȭͨ׵ǿߣ
ٿͬһ˳ԶҶƶԿֱ΢΢ţ˼Ŀ
ܣôͨףôǿӸԲֻͨףţٴγ
¡
񱩵һӿһ궯Ϣȵ춯Ϭ˫ӥסҶơ


9 ȭƷ
ָ̽ӥצһָ֮һɫؽһץץ׼ˣֱӻץһ
ͣ
Ҷȭӭȥ״ϲһָصĴҶƵĸ첲֮С
ôܣ󾪣˿ŷԼȻȫ󲻶ҶƵĸ첲鼡ӲޱȣΣֶֻˡ
ͨдһȴװµӣʦ֣Сʦֻܰͨףλʦ鰡
ʦɫ÷ϣͨúóһ³û뵽ʯͷԼĽţСôܲͨףܸͨͨ״ƽ֣
ʦ˵۾粻ĶҶƣֲ֪ڼЩʲô
ҶƲʾĳȥոոоָ޷ץסԼļ⣬Ȼ˷쳣
ž
һ죬˽ֵĵһ¡һȥ˵Ľһû֡
ǿ
йͬ뷨
ʹ죬Ҷ˫֮¶һ˿ζ΢һΣһĳȥŻӰȥ
ȭһԼԼһֻצӰһµǰҶƵһŵ˻ȥһֻ̺ǧ֮Ҷס
ҶһЦԵͬӳһȭӴһ´ɢ֮ϵһױȵӴɢ
˽µѣ˶ûҪֵͣӣҪֳһһ
磡䣡
Ӳƴ˼ǣһҵײ֮ɢ
д󺧣ҶѾʹȫˣȭѾʹǶԷȻǲĳӦԣҪ֪Էֻһͨ׵ʿףΪµǣһֱڶûܿԷĳ̣ҶƸĸоǲĺˮƽȴɲ⡣
ҶЦЦٴγǰȥ˹ĳ͸ʵͨףûʲôر֮ȭЩ죬ֻǿԼԼӮˡ
ȣҶŵһЦӰȥ
۾һ˿˼Ĺâ˲һҧƺ¶ʲôģԻһ˲䳯Ҷȥ
һֱʮ׵Сӡ£ӳȥһɲǣ˲󣬱ֱһ׵ĴӡХųҶѹȥ
ӡϵƣƺһɽԼѹҶƶʱоԼΧһǿѹǴ˿ֲһҧȭӭȥ
ʲôȻӵзͨ󺧣ʦܣ˺ǧҪӲӲ˵ıȥˡ
ڲŷôˣʦЦĵƣһҾͲһͨ׵СӻӲ
ѾˣҶǼϲòˣԼҲţͺһȭͷע˸ҵײ˹ȥ
䣡
ҶƵȭͷӡ͵ײһҶ˲һ𣬳˼һѪҶɫһ䣬ӲĽǿѪȥ
ЦһǿķЯǧ֮ҾͲһ»ܴ㣡˵ţ˲˴ӡĺ棬ȴŸҶһ
˭֪ҶȴЩЦЦ̾һ÷ϧôˣ
ʲô˫۵ɵôģ֪Ҷ˵ʲô
ͻȻӡͻȻҡ˼£漴ӡǰһССȭӡֳȻѳܣӡѿһѿ
²ʦҲˣսȫˣû뵽һôҶһȭˣʿõķ
ҶǿЦЦѾľĸ첲Ѫֱ֮еľ֮УܿģֱѾЩ֪
⡭ȻٵҵķŵĿҶƣ˫Ŀ֮нðǣҪ㡭ҵķᣡ
ߣҶƲмǾͿûˣ
һƻӳҶԱߵƺڳǰӿһǰе·ʹöԷòԼӲӲ
ȭ
ͺһ˫ȭӭȥһƿҶƵƣͬ˺Ѱֽһ
ҶƹһЦģעУһ±ܹ˫ȭһؿڡ
ۡ
һѪؿڳµһɲᣬûдһѪήȥǱʦһӽס
ʦ֣ƺҲͨ߰˽׵Ϊ
Ҷƿʦֵ˿֮ͨ£Ҳһ϶֡


10 ŵ
ˣҶƵҲԶ˻ȥ
ؿڣҪ˵ЩʲôһѪܵǲᡣ
ͨЦӯӯʦһɫԼΪǿģȴԷǱһͨ׵СӸˣʦһ֪ĸˡ
ߣʦַҶһۣ޺޵
Զȥͨ߹ҶƵļ򣺡ʦܰû뵽ʵȻôǿǣ׿ԲưոݵģԺҪС
ҶЦ
Ǻãǿһȥɣͨ˵ͷͨɽŵĵ·Ϊ᫣ƶգԲͿܹȥʮһ˶ǳˣһ·ʵšһ·ϣҶԸо༸˶Լ̬Թࡣ
Ͼƴ½ǿΪģ
Լǧ״·ཥһЩԽ߽ԽܼģҲ
һ̨ףҶ˴һ˿ȫչǰ
ʯƬȺԵʮׯ£ɽİƣһĸо
ڲͨǽʮ˴ȥһСڣѾۼԸҸطĵӣЩһ꽫Ҫŵǡ
ͨɫĶʮ˵ȵһ£ȥǸǵǼһ£
ʦ֣ȥɣҶƵ˵ͷʼ۲ܡ
ڶĵǣһɫưǿ׳졣Ҫжֻϧ󲿷ֻʵ
һᣬͨˣ˷ܵĶԼ˵ˣѾʽˣҸǴ½һ󡣡
ǷΪȼŵӡŵӸ洫ӡڵݶŵӣңҲһͨЦ
ʲôʦ߽ͨҲֻһŵӣôŵָжôǿ洫أʮ֮˾
֪ŵһ㶼ͨ˽׾Žʮ׵ʿ洫Ӿ͸ˣһٶͨΪͨҡҡͷ
ӦôܹŵӸ洫أҶȤʵ˵ǹؼ
ͨۿҶһۣŵӸ洫Ӷһưŵӿʱսŵӷưϵǿߣսɹ㽫ȡλӣ洫ӷưҲһҪŵӲܹʸսͨص
Ҷʦܣ츳츳ڵŵҲ˿洫ӰҲ˵ֻҪŬȥ̤ŵӵûġͨҶƵ˵ͷ͵
ҶƲòٴξȣԼ츳ֻϣŵӣ
Ȼܿ죬ҶƱ𾪵лָǹİ³У洫ΣҲһʱ䣬һСؤﵽͨ׵ľ磬ʵԱͨףԶΪʦٶǱ˿ģ
洫ôҶҲһԱҶ߬ȭͷ͸ǿҵš
ͰɣŵӡŵӸ洫ӵĴȫһȵʲôʱŵӵʱˣһһ£洫ˣǿɶǵϡģͨ˵⻰ʱ۾֮͸޵
ˣǷסȻǣͰɣͨżЦЦ

žžž
Ŵһ󼱴ٵһĺ½ŵӣ˼ûòԵ൱ͷ
Ҷüͷһ壬Ȼ뵽ԼһŵӱҲģǰΪؤʱҲǾ˰ۣһЩ鿴ĺñ˾ηҪʵܡ
֨ѽŴ򿪣Ҷ䵭Ŀ˶Էһۣ˭
ӣĿǰ飬Ȼеλ̫ߣӦҲŵӣȻҵλ൱ȻûҪŵ̬
ţüͷһ֮ǰʮ½ŵӵţȻһ˵ü˳ۣҲ㹧ǰСƺܰ
һ½ŵӶѣŸ˰ʱһ˵ãУһЩѵ鹾һת⡣
ߣѵûиôһгϽʱ䣬ߣǱˣǵɫΪͷ
ʲôͨʦֲû˵°Ҷеɻһ
ˣҲֲλɫˣϾԼȡ
㻹汻ƭȥˣ˵ѣԺ
ʲôҶƴ˸飬ǰ۾µµתӣ֪һûʲô⡣
ǣʦ˵Ӧô죿ҶоͦȤװȥ
ô졭šɨһҶƣó㶫סҵ죬ȻͲ˵ˡ
𣿡ҶƵɫЩŹ֣Իһöոȡĵҩ鵤֮ղмСݸˡ
ԶԶԡ˼æ˵ͷ־Ҫȥᡣ
˭֪ҶȴѸٵĽö鵤ӽԼһ߽һߵ鵤ǺóԣһûгԹ鵤ء
ˣңɫһ䣬һȭҶƴ
һ͸Ϸˣʦ֣Ҫ㳤ԣ
ҳԣҶƺޱȻƵ飬ʦ־ȻԲһʦ֣ܳҪˣ
˵ţҶһų߹ȥȻҶȳһȭͷнųȭͷûаҶƣͱһźݺݵ˳ȥ
˲ҽһһ㽫߳ȥԶصˤڵϡ


11 ѵ
㡭ǵ߷߽ӣָҶư˵ͻȻͷһᣬȻ˹ȥ
Ҷνҡҡͷռҵıˣҵıôռģ˵֮󣬿Ҳӣ߳Ժ
˿ΧѾкܶڳһȥҶȻǰϽĵطҲԥĸ˹ȥ
ˣҶһΪɵĴ˿̴֮ڿտյûмˣҶƻǿ˸ͬЩӣ
Լ˰ʱڵ˽֮ࡣǸгϻûļˣҲû˸ұԹʲô
ڣһ߻߽֮ڣһ߽ͷųǿޱȵѹѹȵڶ¶ηɫ
߽ڣ۹ɨܣÿһĵӶĵͷǿҵѹ֮ӡ
߿Ҷ֮ʱĿԵͣһ£ƺڻҶνеġʲôʱ֮ôˣֿҶǿʵԼʣб˼֡
һһҵĹӣͨϵģֻͨ׵ʵ֮Ҫúһɡôʲô˶ء
뵽߲ɵöҶͣ˼룬ӴѹǵصĳҶѹȶȥ
ҶֻоΧѹͻȻҲóǳõѵԼѪòЧҶߵĿȻηӭȥ˿ûһͷ
ף
һ˿ȻĿƺҪҶƵ忴͸ȴķԼѹñţ뺣һ㣬Ʋֲ
˼
߲òԼˣӲһ竣һһز¶ǿߣЩͨ׵Ҫǿֻǲ֪Ϊʲôʵͨס
ţһѧԱкܶİͬһµһ㣬˫۾â䡣Ȼ󣬵ȴܻÿ˵Ķ߾þòɢȥ
˽ԶҴȴߵĺġ
ҪǵǣǰʲôݣʲôλǻӣҲҪĹ涨ӽ쿪ʼǾŵӣȻͻԽŵӸ洫ӣ֮еĲ𣬾ͲҪ˵˰ɣ
˵Ĵʧһ´ʲô
ŵӣֻṩ鵤֤˵±ÿжԺ䣬ÿ˿ԺС
ŵӣṩĵҩУһṩĹŵȻǲͬ롣
洫ӣϵȵĵҩϵȵĹһʱеĳϡŻٳһɽȻгӯȻˣ洫ӻܵŵر𱣻
һе½ǶЩ˭ŵӣ˭洫ӣȲ˵Ĺ֮кùٱϡŹֵĵҩҲʤټָһǧҲΪ
ȻŵӸ洫ӶҪ۵ģŵӰ洫ӰԼŵӸ洫ӵѡսŵӰ֮һֻҪʤͿȡ֮ͬǳΪŵӣ㻹ս洫ӡ٩٩̸
ҪȸǣŵӰ϶һЩͨʮסŽ׵ǿ߾˽׵ĶУԲͨ˽ף㻹ǱŽŵӰˣ洫Ӱ͵ĶͨһףǲͨͬҲսǣΪûκοܵģΨһĿܾʧܣôЩ½һ˸߲ҵӣһˮͷһĬˡ
ȻҲκλᶼûУֻҪǿŬȻģ
ߴ˻һ˰
ãҽվͽô࣬˭ʲôô΢΢Цſڶ½ӡ
У
⻰ֻѯʵĻʵҲû˻ʲôɻ󣬵һƫƫˡ
ĿתǸͨ׵СӡĿһЩ˵ɣʲôʣ
Ҷ֣صʵûһгɶĵӣ
ЦݶʱϣûҶƻôʡ
Сߵ
ˣҶЩ˷ܣ֪ҵ
˻һ˶ɫŹֵҶơ
ɶŵӣ֪ʲô飡ᵽɶʱ۹֮һ˿簮
ûʲôֻҪ֪ھͺˣҶư˰֣¶һ˿Цݡ
Ů㣬ֿԼˣ


12 
Ҷƣڹ涨½ӱڴһʱܹǻָܵĹǱҪһ꣬ҲǶǵĵһĥڴڼ䣬Żṩ㹻鵤֤±
ɣһӣ߳˴
һΰĽҲÿһ½ӽһ棬иָ壬СͨףͨʮӦоУЩ½ӱҪһ֮ڣסĽȻ߽ͨ׵ÿһԼ̣һֻҪʿԴ룬ǲṥġ
ΧҲͨҡ
һʱ֮Щ½ǰÿһ쵽㹻鵤һͼļڵֲߴط
Ǿóܲס֪ͨʦʦǣԻְ㣬ֻҲ͵Ϊֹˣص
ÿɱһ壬ͻһɱԽ࣬õԽ࣬˶ͻƵȽ׵ģ滹мƷְļ¼ɱˣ֮Ȼŵ⽱
ˣǿԽȥˣߴһӣķӡԵĿһЩ½½½ĽС
֮бâյͬ磬ĴƮڿе壬ֻһЩĽ׵СѣЩǼһͬһȥ
һŵ⽱ܻôɣÿ˶î˾ɱǰ壬ͨ׵壬Щƽͨҵɱͬвһġ
һЩǿǿܻ壬ΪЩݳްϸĿ˿Щ壬ĵ
ҶһҲ˷ܵļսţЩƺ̺ܵͣҶƳһȭܹɢһƺûµԴԴϵĳҶƮҲֵڣҪȥһһѰˣΪ塣
Ҷƺ֪ƣƵãÿһγֶܹһЩÿһȭÿһŶҵܵҵţá
屻ҶɢΪҶƵš
Ҷƴеٴĳơ
Щͨ׵壬ǲ񫣡Ҷһͷ֮УӴţΧһȺͨ׵ǣҶƽŲӯһԾһͨ׵ǰƽһȭͳ
ǸƺûҶƷУ͵سҶƳײɫЯǧ֮ҶƵȭͷײһ
䣡
һҵҶӻһΣǺܿľסˣǸȻһ±һ壬֨֨ѽѽʧˡ
ҶһЦҵѾܹƴͨ׵ǿˣҲû̫ƣ͸УȻĻǾͨ׵ƴɱɣ
ҶƵõıŷλǿͨĽһȭһȭĺΧͨ׵岻ϵļ٣ǱǾţһë
ΧĵӼһͨ׵ľȻͷһҲͨ׵壬ųͨ׵ǿûҶǿҲ΢ռһЩƣޱȡ
֮ЩŮޣҶ䣬һð⣬ټҶƱͱȽϿ㣬Ѫĵ̲˧ˣƮݵĺڷġӨƤһΧŮĶѡ
Χͨѳ֣ҲӦҶƵ⣬Ȼһ⣬赲ǰȫɱ䱾ҲֻǴ΢һЩ
飬ΪʲôоƣͣҶЩʵ
ΪԶľѪڵ㣬ܹľޡԶϢˣѪʢȻײеƣ롣齾
Ҷһֱϵڴ֮ƶ˶ѾסƣͿʼϢˣҶȻβĻɱ壬ƺǸоۣѾԼԼеԼͨ׵ƿƺϾҪͻƵá
̫ˣһͨ׵СӾȻܹôǿ
ϢƳѹָоƣ룡
ܸоȵѪҺʮǿ
εһĹҪ俩

һЩͣϢʿĿҶƣ˫֮͸ߵĽ֮ɫһεĵһĽûʲôĻӦþǱСӵõˡ
ֱЩʿٴμսٴ˻ٴνսʱ򡭡ҶҲЩƣȥʼ̷鵤֤Ӳ
üһһ¾Ȼս죡һʿŴ;ȵ
ǿ

ҶûȥЩˣ鵤̷֮Ȼовڼתڴ֮Уһֽߣֽ֮ڶһƣս˿ԽָȻ
Ҷ͵˫ۣչһ壬쳤Х
һХƳ˶ĤͣͷĿѣȻĳʮӣ
ϢƳ
ʿһֲ뷨һХʮӣʮӣ
ХΧʿһɵ㶵Ļһþ׵Ŀ⿴Ҷơ


13 ٴν
ҶһվͻͨˣͨĽףʵӦòСɣ
ԶأʲôʱܹڴԲǸʱ޵У鲻мĸҶƽһˮ
Ҷһ΢ЦȻкôһʱأ
û˵꣬ҶƵ˲һȺǰ˶ûзӦʱҶƵӲĲУֻһȭͽΧļȫ飡Ҫ֪ɶͨ׵尡
ͨ׵ûʲôսˣҶҡҡͷԽ˵ͼ
ıŸʵĻ֣Ҷҵһ߽ͨ׵أȷ˷͵سһͨɱȥ
һ·ͨ׵壬ҶֱӺԶҵһСһЩĹ߽ͨˡ
֮ͨ׵壬һĿС֮ƮţͻȻ˴룬һѸٵĳҶưΧ
ͨ׵壡Ҷ촽ѪЦ
һǰɣ
Ҷ͵ԭתһԺǰ͵˦˳ȥ˺磬һͨϣǸȴɢһҫ۵ĹâҶƵĴһ¸ɣȴûܵʲôʵԵ𺦡
ȻЩŵҶȤĴΧһͨ׵壬ĸӣһֻ˶ʳޣ˲䱬
Ҷ˲˳ȥһ׵˲ڵأ˫ȭһ㳯Ǹȥ
磡
屾ӦͺûǻۣǰҪ֧ԮʱѾˣǸĻ׹ѾҶȭ飬䱾Ҳһ̤顣
һɱͨ廯ΪĸӾҶڣζô
Ҷ΢΢Χɲٵͨ׵壬Ȼͨ׵ǿĶ࣬ȻռƣǾͱȱȿ˭ȳŲס
Ҷٴ͵ĳ˹ȥսһţΧһЩΪȫƳСȦӡ
ЩͬĵֻԶ۰Ͱ͵Ҷɱȴûʵ
ȣ
Ҷһȭ̺ҵǰƳȥѪڼ쾫âֱգҶȫͬԣһһȥ
ˣ
ԶҶƳײӴƺգΧƶƺЩתµľҶӻ˼¡
ȻСҺΣҶһջȭͷһȭ˳ȥһȭոһȭøʢǿ
¡
ܱҵϢΪҶƵһȭʱ˶ݵͣͣҶɫһϲ͵سһȥ
嫵ƳҶƵ֮У屻ҶһɢΪεҶڡ
Ҷһ˿â˫ֻƣ˾޴Χȥʱ屻Ҷ˺󣬰׹Ҳ١
ͻȻʺʣļֻͨ׵ͻȻ񷢷һҶӲƮɣĪĲӽҶơ
ͻȻһӾҵĹâ͸ոյǿ͵ײҶƵϡ
ҶƸûзӦ͵س˼һѪ˳һ·ǳңҶǿһ¹ƾܽؿײ
Ҷһ˿ŭ֪Ǹ߽ͨ׵ˣʱŭ˫һΧļֻ屻˺Զ
ȥҶɫĿһһֻ߽ͷ˲ǰ𶯣Ȼֻ߽塣
䡭
߽׵壬Ȼһ½ҶƵȭͷ˻䱾Ļ׹Ҳ˲١
һƫˣһССȻܹǿҶƴŭ֮£͵ؽȭͷȻҵĻӳһƥеƱܿռ𵴲ѡ
Ǹ߽׵ڶһӭҶƵȭͷײҶưãѾҵײһ
ҶƵֱ۾ȻһӣѪܿԶˣѪĹ͡
쵰
Ҷƺ޺޵һӰԶһǰ˫ȭĻ׹⣬ǹڡ
ͷ߽׵ƺҲҶƼŭˣӻ͵سҶ˹Χռ˲γһ״
Ҷƽ첲ȥѪǹ첲ʹÿ΢ЩͳѪ¶ҶɫĴһȭӳƷ棬Ѿǹ߽塣
ҡƣ
ҶƷĴţȭͷ̺ƥеȻֱӹᴩ߽Χһ½Ǹɡ
ҶƼռ˱ˣӵĲˣ˫ȭӳâȫ߽ϣƬ߽֮Ļ׹΢ƺϾҪһ㡣


14 Ѫ

ҶƼȻЧע˫ۣҪĳǰȥʱռ֮ھ߽Ҷ˫ȭ£հɫâ֧飬ҲΪһɼΪĴƮҶƵڡ
߽塭ԭ˴ֵµĿˣҶſĴЦֽĿתԱߵһЩ塣
ǵȥˣǻǲЩƽҶ׹ЦЩ塭

һƫڣ೤Ѿڴ˴۾ĿһƷְϵ֡
Ҷƣ
߽ͨ
ͨʮ
ͨʮ˸
ͨĽپʮ
ͨһǧʮһ
ܰŰʱ䲻ҶôܶԻɱ߽ˣһ֮࣡һϴе
㲻ģڽһ£Ѿɱһ߽壡һ̾һĵ
ܰƾһǲܻɱôģѵһϻɵģһϲ²⵽
ҶƣҼˣǸڴ֮ڳɶǸҶƣҲǸƾܹͨӲѹǸһ߽ոЩ½ӽǸϡ
ʲô˵ʲôʱֻͨףһϲ˼Ľе
ǧȷ̾һ
Ҳ˵ƾͨ׵ʵһ֮ڣɱһ߽ͨ׵壿⡭Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ
˽ԶĬһǾôȽȽˣ

ȥˣҲͨĽͨףͨ˽׵ҾɱǣôأҶƵڵϡ
ȻԸͨ˽׵忹⣬ҲܹǣɱǣǾϵĲ࣬ͺñ㣬ͨʮףԴͨһ׵ǿߣǲɱǣ侲ĸҶƷ
Ҳֻɱ߽ѣڲŷԭôңҶε
ԶһС֮ڣһȭһ߽׵飬Ĵ֮¶һ˿ݣҶƣڽ߽ͨף¿Ҳ㣡
ҶͻȻоѪӿ˼ޣڵȼΪͨףڲһЩѪųѪҪЩѪͨѪųڣҶƿٵĳųڴȥ
˷ָ֮⣬Щ׷ҶƵȻٽҶƼææ£ʼ֮ΪѪҪľѪȻ˳ƽЩѪųڡ

Ҷֻȫ泩ޱӿӴ׷ӿڣԭӴޱȵѪѪٵţԷǳԵٶšһɹǿɢΧһЩ½𾪲ѡ
ѵ
˵ˣǸ̬ǿܹɱ߽׵壬ԶһЩ

ΧʿһߵԴҶҲֵڣѪȼĺһ⣬ҶԽӴȻֻⷢĪı仯ǧϸܵë׾ȻֳѪɫĽⶼӳϽɫ
ѪѾؾջΪľѪǽѪųĹˡ
ۡ
һ죬ҶƼΪϸСһë֮УȻһǳǳϸѪߣС׽ԶϸСѪҶһѪˡ
ųڵѪˡ
ЦſȾ޵Ҷƣһһ˹ȥҶƸо߹ǿڻѪĹ֮Уƶ粻ƫƫؼʱ
飬ǺˣкĿģҶƽʵڹؼʱ̣΢紵ݶпǰˡ
ƺҪɱ㣡Ժ֮УʱҶƻĽء
硭
һĹȻΧŵĴҶƣҷҽղŪ
ҶһһڵѪһң˲ǿҵʹ鴫ͬʣ۵һѪ
ɱҶɱܣӶʹؽҧš
ʯɽӡͻȻһˣôܣ
͡
ûзӦһֻ־ʹƾץһסĲӣһ
Ҷɱһ˿ЦȻЩҲ֪ΪģΪʹġ
Ȼڹؼʱ̴һѪһ񣡹һ񰡣ҶƷĴеɣɣ
㡭ûüҽУӾͱҶ˲ϣѪ˳һֻͷ­߸ߵķ
ҶһŽʬ߷ɣҰһѪɨЩӣһŲҸҶƶӡ
˭ٴңҾƴҲҪ󡭡Ҷ׹֣һһٵ
ЩҶ۾ɨĵӶʱ
һ߽ͨ׵ģҶƸһˣ߽ͨװҶƲͨ׶ѣôôǿ
еӵʣûһʳ


15 ߻ħ
ģҶƷŭһ¿ǽϴڴŴǿдϻѪĹʹļߵ˸λӣѪҲѣǹɿѪѪںֱײʹҶƴɨڳеӣÿһ˶ҸҶƶӣߵͷ߽ĿƵ𴦡
Ҷƿͷʬ壬зߺ޲ѣٶǰ˼ţ󣬾Ȼֱӽļιǲ飬Ѫܶܶ࣬Ⱦʪ˵档
עܲһˣҺҶƿ֮ɱȻ֪ҪܵءѾҶϣԶͷ­˫ĿԲɣĿ
飬ꡭꡭô죿ҶƼҧ˵仰µÿһ缡ⶼ·һսҵʹ糱ˮһȫ¸Ϯ
һᣬŵѪ裬Ǻ鷳鰡Ѫɹ֮ôеѪΪѪ°빦ǹȴǿдϡ֮лδҪųѪҲгһԻôçײ
ҶƵ־ƺϾҪϵʹûǿ̧ͷɫ˸ʹٵĺҡڵ׸Σʹʹ
ڶӽԶ𾪵ĿҶƣȻʱ˿̿쳣촽ҧˡûһӸǰȥ߽ͨ׵ҶƻˣȻȥðա
ɷǣôˣһȽײ͵ĵЩʵ
ǡɣ߹ңֻܵɵ˲Ż鷳˰һӵӺȻǵձһƴ˵񿴵ҶɱȻд졣
̾һ취УǡеѪھƵȻһؾĻѪ̱ȫųѪȻܴﵽĻѪֹסʹۡӦҲͲ˼֣±롭
ҶʹļҪȥˣ͵һҧ⣬ʹʹȴʱ˲١
ûбķѵѪЧþ޷ﵽԲôҶҧʵһǳǿˣõ֮׵֮󣬵ȻϣѪԼǳסȫ棡ȻΪһССԭڱѾ̵õĿׯ֮ٶµ·ʯ
ĲѾܵζѾܵĿУ¶ڽ֮·һССӰ죬ҶҲԸ⣡
Ҫáģ
УַɻѪѪЧԲġֻ岢һԳܵסô䵭
ɣҶ˫֮вѪ˿ɵ
ôѡôɱˣڲ
ҶұϧҵҶҧ˵ɣ
ѪЧǿȥͨףɹ֮һݵѪҺ̣ʱ»һλѪĻᣬץһӾͿɽѪų⡣ʧܣζš֮вκС
Ҷ˫͵ſ̺ǿҵս⡣
ôôҶ˫ȭյĽģͷǰһƺڷڵס˫ۣԵ
һɲֵϢҶΧΧΧ۵˶Ҫǿеͻˣ
ʲôܵ˷ɿǿͻƵȽף⡭ܰʧɫ
⵽׻ǲ࣡һ͵سһ
أ
һɼΪǿǿ˲ϢͻȻ֣е䲻ͬʱ˸սԶҲһĳԶȥҶϱŷǿϢ˲
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Ҷһ̤ӳԶȫҴܣɫһһס
ǽ˴ʱ˿ΪؼΪҪĽ׶ˣݲñ˵һ˿š

ֱƲ񷣬ҶƷ·һӺʮеıƣʱһɸΪǿ֣һЩΪõĵӾȻӲı˺üĿ¶֮ɫ
¡¡
ֱȻֹסĲ¡
ô£춯ȥϣһɫ𾪣æ˵
ǣʦ֣ǸҲѸٵȥˡ
ڣҶ˫ĿŭޱȣӲϳ鴤ţž޴ʹ
ˣ
Ҷٶ̤һȵʹʹ˫ȭյģ·߬ˮ
еҲ̲ס˺һ֮ɫ
Ҷ̧ͷٵӾȻûһԼӵģһֿ־壬ĵĿ־壡
ָоУôҶ־ҡң
з·һ૵ĶҶƵ


16 ѩ
ǣĿ֮ȴһĿڸҶƶӣĿ˲佻ӣҶƵƺһ¡
һĿⰡ峺͸˿ûһֱȾӣɰƺпԿһ̶ˮ
ת֮䣬ҶĿһЩôˡ
󾪣ԼóճյĳǰȥæСȥʲôСģЩ
ǸŮӻͷӯӯһЦһЦɫ
磬û£߻ħԤˣڴҶһ۹˵ķϣҪȥŮЦúܲá
̾һ˫ȻĶסҶƣһ˿춯˵ŮӣСãǰЩΪ˹ûлָҪˣûϵô
ŮЦЦûϵСˣ
˵ţŮӻߵҶߣѩʥࡣҶưƳ嶯ܵĿȴ·ŮûκӰƵģŮӻĴӻһСĲ
СƤɵģŮӰĴָĴҳ˼糤룬˫Ŀ˸һֻڿлһߣŵҶĻ˼
ʹЩԼԼĻһЩĸоҶȫϵҲ˻ȥı۾

Ůָһ½Ҷϰ·˺һ飬¶ʵļ⣬ͣɢ֮
ѽ
ŮӿһĻһӣŤͷȥеס۾ֱӣֻ˫֮һЩ϶͵͵ĴҶƵ塣
Ů治Ĳ·˾ռߣͻȻִֻͬʱס룬һһСһһ̡Ĩڿлɷ
ͣͣ
΢죬ŮѾҶϵѨʮ롣
Ҷƺһɫұò԰Ҳôˡ
ͣͣ
ŮѸٵĽֻҶƵߣٶûôˣֻš룬ҶƵҲת
ŮӶͷҲĺΣȻַǺķŮӵĶҲ
ꡭ
һİҶ߳ɢ˳ɢҶƵɫҲ࣬ĺһ
Ů̾һѸٵĽջأƤ棬뻳УͬˮһĿϾӡ
ٵӷ·סˣհⳡӾʢ磡֮ǰҶһɱǿͻͨסŮӳ߻ħҶƣ˻ζ
ۡҶɫͻȻһ죬ſڱһѪ
Ѫ֮Ҷɫ˺ܶ࣬˫Ҳ΢΢ľһĨļκʵĿ⡣
崿羲ˮĿ⡭
ҽѩޱѩޱǴ󷽵Լ֣ЦҶơ
ҶҶơҶ㶵ɵ߬סѩޱ۵Сֲ֪ſ
ѩޱһЦźۼĽԼֳ
ҶƸоһȣû뵽˵Լȴʧ̬
ôллˣҶԴЦЦҪڸǹȥղŵʧ̬
ѩޱǵҶ˫֮ͣ룬һЦظлҵı֡
ҡҡҶĬĬ߶֣ͻȻһЩѵǱǴңųң
ǡŮӲû¶˵ɫƽЦЦ
ôǵ۶֮еİѩҽѩޱˣҶп˼ѩޱȻģϴһ֡롱ڵ۶ҩãˡ
ѩҽѩޱ
һص㣬ֻҽΣЩǾ̧Ű̧Ҳ벻
ȻҲû˸ңҲóģóҩ¶һ˦ܾʮֶҩڣ˷ʤ
ҲԶң֮Ҳкܶǿʿչ񣬼֮ìȴתķֳ֧һϵĽ̻壬Ǳѧҽҽһ־Ƿ洫ҽרΪʿ
ѩޱȻרҽˣɷϣҽϵĳɾ˿Щʿ߳ࡣ
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18 ɱ
ѾˣȻôԶǿҲʱһ߽ͨ׶ѣȻҲС
˵ֱԼҵĺԺһЩΪǿͨŽ׵̲̤֮⣬˸顣
ۿΧҶƵѾ٣ҶЦһ첽Ŵڳȥ
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Ҷ߬ȭͷϴһԾԾԵı顣
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ߣħ֮һ˵ΪأҶҰο˵ʲôҲҪ̽Ȼһ񡣡
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ӦǲСĽӽﱻĨɱİɣҶôš


19 
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20 ˫
˾ôĿŹĻЩ½ҲЩϾĿҶƵӢˣЩڽʦʦǿɾĴסˡ
⡭ôߵķװɡһ㶵ķʵ
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ȻҲûʧ֮ϵĳԽңǿ̿࣬Ϊӡ
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ǰʮÿ˶ԼǷݽƷ϶̵ģѩޱҲ̲סǡ

һΪľɽ֮УһλɵŮ΢üͷĲŪµĻݡ
ɽ֮лݼ䷱ʢɢһζ
ɶʦ㣬㿼ǺôһһòҲǾһŮӳɽЦĶԳɶ
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ţ治ףҫʦʲôã˾ԴҪ޸ǲܵأκҫʦƫƫжӣͷ쳣Ƥɰ
ҫʦ˺ܺãҲǿǿģɶ·ʳһ˿˼̻𣬵Ц
㣬СĪǴĶˣҫʦˣɶüһػ
ɫһһ˿ܿͻظ˳̬ôЦ˼ҵģʦҲҴ˶٣
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ˣЩʱҸеͻƵļҪǱĿޱչաɶؾ
ûôðɣɶʦúÿ¿ǳôҲòأվʦҾͲˣ
ɶ΢΢һЦ˵ͷߵϧûһܹ͵ˡ


21 п
֮һ٣ҶЦĻصԺ䣬ַ伫ƾɣһһԺ䣬ʱ򲻱ȵ˴š
֮ҶһСĽ̷ŵϣ˴˫֣ڴƿ˺ڲ
һöտɫǶĽָ񹤡·칬֮
ʲôҶһöָȻԼָ档
е󣬸оǲ
ҶƵĽָժӵڣûöʯָ㹻ȴʵȥƭƭЩԴе㷸ɵĹǣļǮΪһŵĽЩ̫˰ɣ
ꡭ
͵ЦʵҿǲǱ¿ˣֻһĽѣȻֶ˵иֵһᣬǶڵ˵ȴ޼֮
޼֮ҶƲҷĻ㶵ָֿʵڿʲôһĵط
˵ȥһѪУЩͷҶҲεĺܡ
ҶˣѪ֮ѪȣһѪʲôֱӴָ⴦Ƴһε˽ָ֮ϡ
ͻȻһѪĸоҶһ֮ɫָϵĽָɫıʯƺɢ˵Ĺâ
ָоҶ૳
ָе˰
ҶôţͻȻָĽָ͵һָϵƤ
ǼټĿռָȻټǶڵ˵ġռָšһͨʿһӵУҶƽ˵
ǡҶ˫ͻȻṵ֮̈ɫ
ԣǷֻǵͼͨＶķ
Ҷ͵شʧ֮лָϲĿԼָϵĽָԼĸ֪УһĿռ䡣
ռһСյģľ
ռָҶɵЦѣǵ۹ײСؤȴڲ֮ҡ𾴵ʿһӵʿӵеķ͵ԺУûܹĵ
ʱǧҪѡˣȻǿľǱˣѪߣЩҪòأֹԵãߵ
Ǹ֮ǰôҶһĭ˵ݺĥӡ
ûҿԺǿǧʯͲĶɣ鵭

磡

Ժڴ죬Ӳײľ죬ֱ顣
һΪ⡢ѪǡɣֻǸվѪḶ́ҪǺΪҶƷ
Ѿͬ׵ʿǿ̫̫࣡ľޣûһӲʯһĹͷɲУҪǣ
ಣ
ֻһ죬ҶֻоǰһһŮͳǰ
˲ǣֻһûǵѣȴ֪ΪʲôӵʵĴУ͸ƽ޶
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ʲôҶһ㱵
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ҶƲΥ־ԹԵȥ濴ǳҰԵ
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ǡǽڵĹͷѹ飬Ȼ飬ڣڹͷõõĶøӼӲϹһ˿Ц͵һҶƵ˫ۣҶƷ·˵Ƶãò԰
̧ǧʯĳҶƵȲȥ
ģѪЧûڵһʱ佫ͷ飬㲻õʧɱ㣡ʵѪ֮󣬳ֱӱɷ飬Ȼͻһ顭ѪЧãǶĶЦЦôЩпζ
Ҷɫ԰ףκ䣬˫ĶסԼȲԽԽǧʯ
ƽʲô˺Ǳס˿ȫһòϡ
Ҫ㡭
һĲҽֱӻ˳գ֮⡭


22 ޳թ
ڣҶܵʹǳ˲ġ
һͷʯѹϡ飬ʺѪҺϻɫĹƤҶΪһѪˡ
ڵѪûһůģȫ¸ʣЩĹͷȻĥϡ
ǷǳʹģͷܵʹȻй֮һʼĲҺšƺߣҧ֣Ҷƾһʵɱ䡣
Ҳ֪ʲôԺһЩͨͨҩİһķŨÿһҶ޸ϣҪȥһ衭
·ҶƵ岢û̫ȤÿһϴʱɾİǵҶƵӣȻӽ̵֮УҺҶ;ˡ⡱һڣڹ̵ĿˮҲֻüѡ
ҩ֮УҶƸеԼȫµϸ·𶼷ˣҲ˷ܵĲţһɹҩͨ֫ڣžǿŹͷ

ָоޱȣ
¹ȥˣÿһ춼ôȹġҶ֫ͷѹѣȻȵѪԶȫ޸֮ٱǹӽҩ֮С
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Կԡ
Ҷû߳Ժһֻŷŵ鵤ӡÿзŵĵҩҲûȥȡֱҲӿռָп鵤ʱ򣬲֪Լʱȥһˡ
Ϊûнһ˿ȷţ֮ǰԼԼԿ׾ٵսʤ
ŵһ·ʮö鵤ûȥȡչӦʮö
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ȡҩĵطҶӣ˴˯ĸַҩĵӣλʦ֣ȡÿ¹ĵҩģ
߳ػûȫųѵ𴲵Ҳû졭Ҷƶʱǿֻ֪ںˡ
Ǹӱ˳˯ߺǲˬҹһѾõСʦԸԳ˴ڼЩƽ﴿覵Сʦڴǹɷɧ¶ӣӾһȡ
ͻȻһ곳ѣǸһ֮ڵð˳
ͷԵСһ½ĵӣˣһˣҲã
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֪ʦҪȡһµĵҩǸӹư
ʦ֣Դӽŵ֮඼ûȡҩյÿԣˣʦְµĵҩһԷҰɣҶ΢Ц

ǸʦͻȻ۾һɣͬʱ͵һӡ
ڹ涨½ÿ¶Ҫȡҩȴûµĵҩͳͳˣ
ҶЦݶʱ̣йŹֵĴʦ֡
߽ͨף߽ͨסҶƸûз
ʦʲô˼ҶƲ£ǳסʵ
ʲô˼ٺ٣ʦܣͲ˰ɣŵĶһأǾ쵽ĵҩҪһ֣Ͼûϲûļ¼ҵǿ˽Խҩ㣬ǲҪǸʦһЦʳָָ໥˴꣬ҪǮӡ
ҶжʱȻ治ɫҪô
Ҷ˲ϵʦҲЩջ𣺡㻹ǻȥɣԺ쵤ҩڲ򣡺ߣ
Ҷɫһʵû취ֱֲӳִˡתһ룬Ҷ漴ŭݣһֺõӵʦְæһ㵤ҩʲô
ʦ˷æͳֽʵҶƣһੲݵʦƽͣϲǮƣƫƫҩжӣʦˣ
ҶһƳ¶һ˿ЦֽдԼ֡
ҶƴСûѧд֣ǿҲѧô͵ѧһʱ䣬в̫ѵֻʶġ
ֽʵݸλʦ֣Ҷ¶һ˿Ц⡣
˵ʦܰ˾ӦڿһЩûţʦҰȡⱾĶȻǺܷģ˵ᱻִϴסλʦĳͬʱչɨһֽϵ֡
ȻҶŤŤλʦֻǿ׵ġ
һȻ䣬λʦֶʱʧȥе˼룬Դ֮пյģֽϵ֣Դ֮иֳĸ֡
˫


23 쵤粨
ҶһĨ΢Ц޺΢ЦôĿλ·ɮ붨һ㷢˵ʦ֡
û뵽ԼôùòСʦõĴǼϲˣ˭֪תһ¡
ɼ֮һ󲿷ֵʦǰȥĦҲһûȥûȥȻҲͲϵЩ½ӵò
ǣ˵˭Ҷ֣
ִϣ֮ϵĵλȻ׿ڵˡ˫ĸ֣ɴ˿ɼδҶƾεһڡ
һʱ䣬Ҷ룬Щղ֮ʦʦ㣬СרŪݡʹӣһʱ䶼֪½֮һҶƵ꣬ǾԳԽ츳
ϣһЩͶȡ֮˾뷽跨ĴҶƵһϢϲʲôϲʲôǷϲŮɫεȵȡ
Щ֮ύģһЩŮҪϸ֦ġ
ҶԴ֮һֱԼСԺ棬ŲŲǲӵסַģЩĽύ˸Ҳ
һύҶƵˣʱҲˣȴΪƽӹһֱûбŵ֮УȻҲûʵȥսŵӣԾһֱججĹšڵ֪ҶôһŵʱС˼ʱйϵҪύ
עʧˣҶûгֹ
ˢ
ĺˮ˲Ѿ亹ʪԹԵģԼԭֻɵɵСϻȡһЩô˭֪ȴߵϡ
ǡҶƣ˫ҶҶƣɬȻһ˿ϣ۰Ͱ͵עҶƣϣֻһ˶ѡ
ԣңҶݸһЦ¶׵ݡ

һ˿ϣҲ飬˫ɸһš
ϻǰ˭
˫Ҷƣһֱ֮д˴Ƽ¼ˣ
Ȼ֪֮ƾԼ߽ͨ׵ʵƻ˼ġ
ҶϸעǰĳС׵ӣвЩЦͬʱǿҲǿҵ
һСؤȴõƴ½֮һǿָ㣬Ǳޡ
ԼҪͷʿԼȴèһ㡣
ʲôʵʵĺô
Ҷ겻ѣңչԺһʱ侹ԭء
ɿ£ͷĹάţҶûжԼҲЦһоЩʹɲҶ壬ʵֻͨǿһЩѡ
ֱ̲סžҶơ
νʼ磬ҶջԼ˼ָн棬ʦ֣˵µĵҩͳͳϣ֪ô
ʱΪЦЦЦĶֱˣʦָ㿪Цѣ˾һ죬Ϊ
ʦܷ°ѵҩȡأҶʵ
ֱͦ壬ĵЦȻˣ֮Ͷѣ
˵ţѸٵĴʢŵҩСרŵСʢʮöݸҶơ
ҶҲûֻĽ˹ȥֻһʮö鵤ʧڡ
ɴ˫ۣޱȵĿҶָǶɫʯĽָп񾪡
ǡռָռָͨӵеķ
ֱоԼĶڲˣռָļֵǲ˵һöֵܹ鵤
ǡ˫Ǵֱʣ
а̬̾ŵĸӵĵˣ޲ýͷȥ
ҶתҪߣͻȻֹͣŲһٴᵽɤۣҪ鷳
ʦ֣㷽Ų˵ȡЩҩΪôһЩΪɣҶЦƲһЩ
ոշɵĺһεġˢæڨЦô˵𣿹ЦôܸҪôأҸ˯ѣ˵λɣ
Ҷ΢Цŵ˵ͷ첽߳˵ҩ
ʮö鵤µĿֲóˡ鵤һſɹ֮ɷ档
Ҷɽ·֮ϣΧò½ӵţҶһסͷȵ
˵ָָ㣬ҶƲû⣬ǿ½ӶһȥлǲЩɻ߹ȥһȽϿʵλֵܣȥ


24 ۵
ǸЩ֧֧ܳ˰ű˼
ϾǸҶͬһŵӵܣĿҶĴȻĽǺ¡
̳ڿΣŪЩʲôҶƲ
ǸԱҶƵЩŵˣִϵһο̳ڿΣרŸ½ӽڵģôõĻᣬô飬ȻȻ
굽ҲûоȻȻҶεҡҡͷĵ̳ڿΣܲӣȥһҲãϾûгţܹ¼ʶҲǺõģ
ãλֵܣʿ̳ڿεص
֮ϣԣ

Բǧģ棬ΨһȻڸޱ޼ʵڡ
ִԾһϮۣ˫ĿŭһȻɢ
ƴ½֮һܹĶǰһ˲ţŵǧŵ٣洫ʮԶգұҿ̳ڿΣһԶԵһε˽⣬˽һƽӴ֪ʶ
ִϵ¡¡һھ޷֮Ϻǧ˽Զɫ࣬
ʿһȺ׷ϴ֮ˣǲͬڷˣ׷󿪷Ǳļ£֮̽гһܹõ
Ȩκ׻Ȩնȥһ׷Ʈĳ֮·
ǲ𡣵һΣɽз粼겻ǵг°ˣڸƽλ֮ش󣬻ֱѿռ䣬ǴͨҲ
ִĿʵһǧѲӣⷽԲǧ
ҶȴͻȻʶ֮Ļǵǿдϡ
ߣʲô̳ڿΣǺŪ˰ˣͷڵ⻹ͣڵͼĲ֮ϣôĵ壡
ҶεҡҡͷƾʵȻʱ˵仰ġ
ߣͷڵʵǷǳȻҴԲѵĳ̳ڿΣ±Цһм
Сӣһ壡ƮƮĶ仰ҲǲҶƵ뷨ֱѸٵռ񾭡
һ㣬ǧҪֻǽ˵仰ѣͷ壬ߣ
ִޱȵɨǧˣ֮¶һ˿ɫȻǧ˶ھԼ˵Ļ
ߣЦ
һ̫󣬵öߴͨͨ˸飬ٵѰԴ
ҶվһСɽϣңĺߣȻǾҲ壬ӭЦ
ִ͵һüͷƾĸ֪һʱ͵֪ȻǸԼΪõĵҶơ
Ҷվ˳ǧ˵ĿʱˢˢĿв⡢񡢻м
ִϵԺһЩʵ֪Ц
ҶƽüһȻִϰӣҾ˵ĻȫȫܿЦ
һ¾õִҲһ˿ŭһĨ˫֮з˵⻰һͨӣѾˡ
һο̳ڿλϣôׯϵĵط֮ϵִϾȻһ½ӵ淴ӻǰЩʱոձִϱ衰˫Ҷơ
оһЩֵ˴Ħĵطˡ
Ȼô˵ô˵ȻȻҪ겻ȡҩִߵ
ҶƾȻҲ£ֱһ˦ӣžһ죬ڿ˵ʣν
ִ֮ٴαһɺ⣬ͬµķѩһ㣬˲ȻҶƵֹ⵷ҵˡ
岻𣬻鲻ɢ᲻࣬᲻𣡴ڴңҲҵʿ׷ļ£ִ˵һ
Ķʲôǳôͨﾳ²ַܻͨͨҲ˰𻯾·𻯣ʳɰ֮ҲǧҶ󣬵ǲš
˵ĲִɫԻһЩóҶ˵ĶǶԵġ
Ϊ˵᲻࣬᲻ʵʿڵһˣͻƵ磬ȫɻҲǧǧһûµĽչվɻữһ½λѾԪԹȥĳǿ߾Ͳ֪ж١ɴ˿ɼ֮е᲻࣬᲻𣬸жôЦҶƴӦ


25 
˵ôſ׷һɽ崦һǿ𣬴ʵ
Ҷ͵һתԴɫ£͵سǰеļ͵һ˦ڿзž
ʲôǵôҪȥ׷ģÿʱÿ̾ʹߡˮΣεø죬ζ˵棬ĵϻּߣ׽ӱ׷ɱϻĵǵĵڡȴͼ׷翵ĵͺñǱǵ˷ҪԼһصļ黹ɣҶƴ˿Ѿþȫ˳
ЦЦҶ͵ػӶһȭͷΧĿ
һʱ䣬ǧ֮ڶѻȸΨзĺХ
ǧӶ۵С۵Ļעţ˭ܴӶԷпһĨ˼
𺳣̫ˣ
ҶƵⷬǶЩ˼Ѿٹ̵ʿǵһս⻰治̫治ˣ
֮˶ǷǳȵģϴĻΪִּϵһĵһﵽȥʱµһλ
ⷬȴһ½ӵ淴ƺôĳ֣޷ȥ
Ҷӥһ𽥵ȥ漴Ϊһ˫ƽ羲ˮӣֻƽ羲ˮ֮жһ˿֮ɫ
ǸʲôȻôĻ£Ҷ֮п
ߣȵǴﵽ֮󣬾֪Լٹ̵˼ǶôЦǾͻԼһֱŷһЦĿ԰ˡҡͷЦֻǳԵǣ٣ܹپͿǵ컯ˣⷬӴԼļ޾ôǵΪٶȾͻʵĸϷת䣻ܣôôٵǰаɡ
ҶһǧĿ⣬ɵͦظ˿ûκηӭȥ
ִߵĻڲͻȻһǿƥѹɢʱϷռһɰɽ͵ƣѹôӵ񾭡˳
ǿִϵʵôһ½𾪵ſڵϣͷ亹
ôǿѹһޱȡ
㡭Ҷƣ治ϣҹҹڰ꣬ҺúõķʡɣִҪ˵󡱵վû˵ڣˡڷʡꡱ
Ҷĵ̾ϢһȴװνӣĿҲбӣôĶִϵ˫Ŀ
ߣ
ִ͵ֻ߳һɼϸϸĴһҶƵ˫֮С
˻
Ҷ͵ظо˫һʹĴʹǿʹгǻҧסˡҧס촽촽ҧѪˡ͵ػ˼µ̲ס˺˼
ִһЩƺҲ뵽ԼӦöһ½Ӵֻ֣ð̾һֵʱ׼֮󣬾׼ȥڻڹɣ
Ҷ𾴵ĳִϾһתߣýȣһͷԱ
ҶΪʲôڹĵطǱ𴦶ֻҲִϵһ˿˽ġҶôһŻķϡ
һСɽ֮Уһ˫ѩֻ֣һСˣ⣬ʵ̫Ƭˣ

ɽڣųɶĳ䣬ɶʦ㣬տִϿ̳ڿ֮գΪʲôȥһһأ
ɶ΢΢һЦͷСӣôүүĿ̳ڿΣҿʱõŶ
ͷߣɶѧǺø˶һεڿξȻʱõ˭ôһүүأ
ˣһĶͷһųɶ½ҫʦֵ飬ѧ㵽׿ǵôѽ
ɶЦƵ۾ѧˣСϲԼȥ׷ɣˡ
Ųվ뿪ɽ

Ҷ崦֪Ѿ߳ԶƫƧСɽ崦
աңڵʱ䣬ҪˡҶһݸԴƵĳȥ
ͻȻҶ͵һ񣬿ٵһŴ棬ֻ¶һ˫۾ĶǰӰ
ӰľһɢʱɢŰ֮


26 ־
СˣɶˣֻӵЦ
šҫʦ֣ɶʦԸ֪ģƽ˶֮л˼
ţ˼˵Ҳûʸˣҫɫһŭٴμӿٶȣʿһݺᣬ֮ٴδ
ҫʦ֡Ҳ˼˶ƺЩ꣬ҫʦַȥŴһɶʦ˵˵Ѿˡ
ˣ˭ѵǡҫĶ˼
ԣӦþҫʦ֣㡭ŮӼҫͣ£۰Ͱ͵
Ҷ·һܴؿƵܡ˵ĶԻ֮пҫ˶ԳɶкøУͨŮӵ;ʶȴܾˡ
ģȻеŮ㣡Ҷдһ֮͵һ̤ɷҶһ㡣
ʲôˣ
ҫʦ͵һѸٵĴŮϴֽ׵ԼϣͬʱŭĿԲҶơ
Ůӷ·ȻĽţͻȻеһ飬͵۾ҫʦѾվٴһĵĳ
ŮӴһ͵ӸסԼ壬˫֮бŭ
ҶƲмһڣЦĸһ㣬о;࣡
˵ʲôŮӼֱӻƳգŭĶҶƣ촽ֹסĲţתͷҫʦ֣ɱ
ҫЦţ˵߲٣СҪ־͹ðɣ˲ÿĶ
ޣŮҶЦ
ô䵭ûԷʵóȻĳ֣Ǵˣ
ҫЦţ˫ͬʱһһȼĺ˫ۣ֮£ȻѾǴﵽͨŽ׵ĳ̶ȡ
¡¡
СƺԼԼХҶ£ľҡڲ
ҶѪڣӿɫͨ죬ͷ¶ϼľһ㡣
𣡡
Ҷȷѣ͵һȭӳƽһȭȴ·̺޵ľһ޴޴ֱֱĺҫؿڡ
䵭
ҫû˺ΪһʵԶѷɫԼʿʱ˺һֳ裡ǰһǿ͵سǰȥ
˫ȭۣΧŴϣХ˵ĽԶһ£ĵԶĹѡ
ǿ
ҫȻû뵽ôһССͨ׾ȻǿԼ׼֣ͳ˴
Ҷ͵һΣѸٵıУ˳һ˫ָΪһҫĺ
ǰҶһָХƿ֮
ҫɫһ䣬˫ǧӰסҶƵһָ
ʲô
Ҷƴ󺧣ֱ۱ҫ˫ֲסѲá
ȥɣҫɫ˫ŬξȻû
ôܣ˾޴󣡿Ҳˣ
ȣ
ҫѾȫȫۼ˫֮ϣ͵һȡֻǰɡһҶϤ
첲ϵˡ
ҶƲ˸첲ϴľʹ͵һ߳˳ƽ첲һ³
ҫһֱߵţֱӶѣѪɳȥ
ǰĲңҶץ˵ұۣİʱ˿ѪѾӳܵ˵Ķѹͷĵطܿ죬ͷ
Ÿʲôߣȵ
ҶһüͷҫŮӵεؼУתߡ
ӵŮӾֵĴȣԼ¶ļ͵سҶƳȥԼҫּ˵飬ȥĻ󡭡
ֻĸҶұ۴ʱ˿̸᲻һ˿Ůӷ˹͵һֱӵתͷһͷŮײ˹ȥ
أ
ˣ
Ůӵ˫ƺݺݵҶƵ˫磬ͬʱŮɫһ䣬ò԰ס
ҶƵĶͷײŮظһ˿ҵ˿ȴǱɾײؿڡ
Ҷ̧ͷߵɽ֮ӡ뵽ոԹŮĹ֮£ľһ󷭽
ȻòϵȷҶƴʱ˿̶ҪŻ³ˣôȥЩ
ĸҵ壡ҶתͷߣŮӱҶһͷײؿڷƣȻֱֱĵɳȥݺݵײһƬС֦ļһӾ֮ϡʱһҺ
ҶƵͷ񱼣Ȼ˲ӳǧס
쵰ٿ㣡Сִҫһŭ
ҶǿһЦݣѸٵĳԼԺڿ񱼶ȥ
ͣıǧҶǿ˿ҲЩۣһͷڽš


27 Ϣ
Ҷ͵شһŴţĶᵽɤۣոոҫսһ̣ҫҶֱ۵һ̣ĵĸоһΣյϢ
Դ֮ҶƵľһֱͣƾͨ״ͨ׵Ĺֺɽ֮ǰƾһķ֮ڻɱһٰεͷִ衰˫
ҶǫͣҲһֱ͵ġ
ѪôһԶศ䣬˭д٣ν֮ӣҶƱֻһЦѡ
ʹҶһԼ޵еĸоԼĶ֣ûһܹԼۡһûܹ̫ߵȽСؤѣôһԣ
ԼһֱսԽסͨ׸ͨס׵սͨĽ׸߽׵ս
ոҫһսȽףΪ㲻Ҳһ˭֪ҫΪͨŽʵȴ˿ֲ˵ƴҶƲһηҶΪȴҫӲϡ
˵ǽ£ҶƾĸͨŽ׵ʿͬʵƤ⡭ȻҫþȫŽ첲ϣ첲ɲأ
ѪÿѸٵĽĶϹؽӣҲҪһḶ́ҶƸҿ϶ʱҫƴԼһȻҫҲԼᡣǣԼøô
ģã
Լǰ޷⣬αظһССӻ
ֻڶԲʱ򣬲ǿƥ򶼻ֹĻָ
ҶڣԶأ
˲ͷ亹Ҷ̧Ǳҫϵĸ첲ʹǶҶ˵ŵʹ㲻ʲô
ڵǹҶƵĶϹǣĽںһҶҲĲ
оΣ鼥ʵ֮дһ˿ֻ
Ҷɫһ죬ʱɶֵʱЩѪӿ˲̫һԵĳȥҲľ֮Ժ
ȻҶŹȣСҫʵ
Ρ̫嶯ˡҶͨ죬һ˴ߣĬԡ
ߣûСɽҰ룬ɱʬ㶼֪ôġ˼ﻹô䡣
֮е˿˿֮⣬Ҷһůһʱ䣬·ǹµһˡȻǸܷǡˡ
˻ĸоΪСؤôҲܲġ
ҾˣպʱڣһҪǿǿǿ룬֮ҪժҫĹͷҶ˫Ŀ͵֮лӶһȭͷ
û˵ҶܸоĳԼǳϣģ
һչȥҶһֱԼҵСԺڣ̤ȥһҲûʲôԼķ
ҲǣǶԹŮôܰЩųȥҶԴ
ҪҸһŮ㣬ҪȥأҶƿ˼ڤ룬ҧס촽ΪŮģһȴɶ涼δһΣȻͬèצɹ
ŮòӦܹĳġ
Ҷ뵽΢΢һЦ΢ʰһ¶ͳˡ
ҶԵĽ沿ĨЩҩĥɵķĩʹÿйĸоϸǸʲôġ
ߵҩҶ̾һ첽̤ȥ
ܵҩȻһ˿ĿͭڵԼòЦţʱĲŪһԼǰͷɷ⡣
˯һǸǶôĸѽСʦãʦˣЦţϸ
Ҷߵԣӣʦ֡
ĺһƵͭڳһӣ̧̧Ƥˡ
Լʦ֣Ǿ;½ˡš
Ͻ½ӣȴĺҵһֻƽַǳӣϲ۸һЩĵˡ
˭ѽϳǻûʦòôڻ쵤ҩʱɣСļĺš
ţ
ԽԽ죬͵һ̧ͷʱųһ亹
ⲻҶҶʦôѽæվһĵЦ
ѵҶʦܵҩˣʦֲ˽㼸ţʦܿǧҪţ֮ͲˣһӣĸҶƶߵ
ʦֶˣҶЦЦô˵Ȥĺܡ
ЩҪʦֵģҶһǫ͵ӡ


28 Ϣ
һҶͦ˸ӵʦ̫ˣֱ˵ͺãꡭȿȡյ
Ȼһֱǲ̫ʵ飬Ҷû⣬ҲͰԲ˲
˵һЩܴҲһЩŵС;µİȤţûҲ飡ˣҶʦ֪һ½֮жСʦô㡭˷ܲѣ
ͣͣͣסҶɫ⳶ʲôѽ
Ҫ㣬ɶҲŵӳɶס
ɶλˣ˵ɶ
ԣϷҶɫҲ˲١
һӣɫ࣬Ȼмׯµĸоɶʮ꣬ΪͨŽףŵӰǰһǿ˹һ磬һϽĵͬʵۺ񡭡εռǰλӡ
ɶʵȣΣҶɫ
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29 
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30 ˽
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31 һȭ֮
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32 
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ҶͻȻеһˬƺ֮ʲôҪһ㡭ʱϲ֪ͨ׵߽ͨɶ
̤ͨʱҲˣҲĸˡȻǿ죬鿴ҲʵĿԡ
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33 
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ԭѾһյ壬鵤ڻҲǽĻָͬʱָģжеļ֮С
Ҷ˫һһվһַֻǽڣңԶ
һ죬һֽ⿪һУһһеյףֽ⿪ߣֶǧ޹أ˵ҶƵĸԼĶͷ૵ֻҪûأǡԭҵļ䡭


34 ħ֫
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35 
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ħ֫һӣЦܹѡң뱾۳λδһܣʹϵΪǵѾ㹻ĳˣΪƽƽȴͬ׵ʿ߳٣ʲô֮ҲֻҪռ֮ʹѻɡ
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ħ֫ɫһ䣬Ȼݺڵħֻħһز֫ѣħĽɴڡ

ħ֫͵һ֣ռڶʱһǿĳľþȫһţݺݵ̤ҶƵؿڡ
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ҶƴѪ˫þ޴屻ֱ°ࡣؿڵعǸһȥһ飬Ѫ֮壬ɷǺˡ


36 ɽ
ʲôˣСС飿ҪˣҲãҲã˱ȥȡħ֫ޱȵĺȵ
ҶʹļۣؿڵĹͷѹϺüҶƾһ׶ΣҲסħֶ֫µľ
ѪЧѸٵ֮ڡؿھ޴ƣһʱ䣬ϵĹͷƺôˣƤҲš
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𼱣óȻĳȥս˵ܹʮȫİսʤԼҲҪ˲ᡣҪȵռʱǸʱΪʱ򣡡侲ΪҶƽ˵
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Ҷʶ֮е޵ҧгݡ
ıͷ꣬˷磬֮˷ѡ˭ͷƻȻʩչѪˡħ֫ߺ޵
Ϊƻ˷ƽ⣬ɽȺϲľȻ׷ͼɱı壬ҿӵÿ죬ȴȻ׷һۡħ֫ģһ˿顣
һ֧飬ʰͱ׷Ƴ˷磬ѻصħ֮СǱһ֮еĲ֫Լռֱֻ۵֮һ䵽Ϊ˷ֹɽȺϲķ֣Ѳ̨ӡסԼֹϢй©
ʲôǷ硢硢ɽ磿ҶƼæʶ֮жʵ
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磬Ƶƴ½Ҳ㡭֪ĵȽ׻ô鷴ʵ
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ǳЦ˼ڷ磬ǿĲǳ볤֮ƴ½֮һ˿洦ˡһЩòѡ
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֮󣬱㵽硭ʺ㣡֮дһ˿
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һλҶƾˡĳңɼĳֻ֮㣿
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ħ֫ҶƲ˵ΪǱŵˣɵ΢΢𣬵ӵԼʶȻǲٴαգûԼ壬ڵֻǻûĶѡҼҪһԳҵ˼꣬һҲһСʲôġСͨĵϧ̫ܳҵĸ塭Һˣ
Ҷһţ磬һľô


37 аħұ
ʲôҪԼıôһҲѹ֣òӵʶɵ㶵ıյǲв
Ҷһ㶵ģûзӦ
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˵ţħ֫͵ؽҶʹƯڰ֮УȻ漴һȦȦ粨һĺɫ壬ڿƯš
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ؿڵƲѾѪ޸ȫ֪ҶҲе档
ոʶ֮еĴսȫһĿ˵ġ
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Ҷұ֮ϣĶ˼ģɢŹϢԭͳƤһ㡣ǹɱҲҶƵϣ·ԭ˵Ϣһ㣡
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֮УҶޱȵĿԼұۣ·֪һ㣬ӴˣҾͽ㡭аħұۣ


38 аħһ
·סһ㣬βżôܣôͬħҰЩֻնѣû뵽Ȼͬˣ̫˼ˣ
ҶƸոѾһҵľ磬ĽԶޱȡǹһ˿΢Ц˫޲ɣƿ͸һСʱһвžγѣæţôˣղŷʲô
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аħұۿԱǿֱۣ屾;Ѫĸ죬һ¸ǳˣаħұ֮лǱڵ۵һ̶ȿһԵͷųոͷŵаħһаħһҪͷųҪģƾʱ״ҲܴʹһεȻҲѡӲţֻĵѡ鵭
Ҷƶʱоͷðϸ飬аħұ֮лûղܵǿСȻұ۱ƽʱȻǿܶࡣ
ҿԼûͷһΡĺˡ
Ҷ͵һ壬˷ܲѵ飬ڿԳȥ˰ɣضˣ˵ţҶƿ첽ȥ

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֣ôˣҶЦʱ
Ǵˣ˵аħұ󣬵ҲҪǻһҪĶǶǷҲ˺ı
Цѡ
Ҷڨڨ˻ȥΣսĿǸɫС̨档
С̨ͨ崿ɫҫ۾һĨӳС̨ϡ
Ҷĸ̨ӣһһϧô޴Ľɫ̨ӣضܻһüǮҾȻˣ
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֪ʲôȻ׵Ŀҡҡͷʹ޵С̨ӻ̨ħ֫˵еϢ
Ҷħ֫˵ģǶ̨֮вӹɽЩ˵ʶ
Ҳһˣֻǲ֪ҪãѵҲҪǰԼӡôҶƲмһ˵ƺ̨ϡ
㡭㡭鼸ڴһɸֵӡ


39 ̨
̨˹أħϽĳķ֮һû뵽Ȼ㲻мһˣ⡭ǷƱҪһȷѪ갡촽ڴ
ɽλʶıɵãȻֻһʵķʵʼֵԱЩƽ׷ֻ߲ͣ
ŶǾʲô;ҶôţҲȤĪ˱ʱ˿Ҷ˫ۺ޲÷ųɫĹâ
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ʳ֮ζ֮ϧܹϢкãҶȻô˵ȴѾһ°̨У˵;ͦߵģǺôҲǳķǣ
һ鼸Ǵˡ
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ЩǹؼЩ̨ļֵڣƵ̾һ
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ǿߣȻܹҵƣǡҶ˷ܵĲ㷢
ǣֻÿһ̨˶ʱѡ񽫷ӡЩΪ˻ɸԸΪѣ
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Ҷ͵һĭ˫֮оǷ֮ɫ
̨ΪķЧãͨ죡˭һ̨ǿ˿ƥˣ
ˣһƾʵͲĵһӡ޷⿪⿪߲ķӡô
⡭
ȴҶƴδϵģһʱβѣ㶵Ĳ֪Ǻá
Ҫôſʹˣ
ȵѪڴ˰ɣҹζ࣡ҲЩͷˡ
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Ҷ˷ܵĸǴԼôС̨ϣһֻ͵ؼһѪС
ʱһѪĸٳˣռָĸоһģһ
Ҷų̛˷ܲѣæ̽ʶȥ鿴
ӡţÿһ϶ģķģʹģҶֻܸܵǿϢѹ
һҶѸٵ˻Թ飡̨һ
ͨʱ򣬱Խ⿪һӡ𻯾ʱ򣬿Խ⿪ڶ㣬˳ķӡҲʵ⿪ˣ
ҶŭⲻǿôͨʱͷųͨﷸǻʲôʵԵİ
ϲͷŻȥˣֻһ仰ʱ߽Ҷйơ
ٺ٣ⲻЦ𣡡ҶڨڨЦţŻȥϣǱķ
Ľ̨ռָ֮УҶСһ
ҵʵӻɱҫ˰ɣҶȻеŮ㣬Ե
Ĭ
ʱڣҶǿƵѰŰ˽׵壬ϰ˽׵ҲĶˡаħұ²ͷаħһǿȻǲɹģǰǿܶ౶ˡ
Ȼû̫ĽȻ߽ͨףҪ˵ʵҶʵսʤͨŽ׵Ķ֣ͨһףҲĸսһ
ֻҪ̫ǿͨҶҲ䡣
˵½֮УѾǰȺˣ
ڵңȥ֮ӦʵսŵӰ˰ɣΪŵӣôҾͿԼŮˣ
Ҷ˷ܵ뵽
սŵӣǾûѹˣָֻݣʮþȣ
ߣҫԹŮȻҺϻƭҵŮ㡣ȵҳȥ֮һȰǳȻʵͷ֮ޣҶȻǰǰ˽ͷ­޺޵š


40 ռѷ
Ҷϵĵͼƺ˼ʲô
⸽İ˽زͳͳɱˣҪŽ׵ְҶƲ˷ܵ
ڵͼҵһͨŽأҶ˷ܵĳǸȥԼҵһӵƫ
ƫ͸ŹӺͲɣϵŵף죬Ȼûƽ̶ɵġ
ʹǻƽǧ²ɣĥ£ҲĥԭеĹ
Ҷ´һţ̽ȥƿȴš
ֻ֨ѽһԭ֮еľ޴ûг֣ȿشǧĽɫžȻǺѹƿˡ
ҶһҪ⡣ȻͨŽأôûһЩͼ壿ôһ·ǿյģ
˷쳣ûȥЩ
Σգˣ
͵ҶԺ֮д󺰵
Ҷ͵һţֱѾˣ֮еȻȴ֮ȻһźɫĻ˸ǵĿռѷ죡
ħڴ۶ϿһĿռѷһ㣡
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һУѾǴʱ˿̵ҶõĶˣԺ֮һƬհףôֱֱıռѷС
ڤڤ֮Уƺʶһ̾

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ڴǸ˰ɣ
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칧һϹǡ
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һǧϹ˵𻯾Ѿˡ
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ˣһ㶣Ҷƻڣʲôɣ߽ͨҵʵռѷڵĻ룡
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¿˼ˣ̫ϳһ˫֮¶׽ɫ

һԴڣɶ˫Ŀ΢Ľëһɫһѻݱ֯Ĳݻ֮ϣΧ˼ɾһ㡣ǳɶŮˡ
ʱ˿ǼΪŵģӡʱΧһڵɶӱѩһףĻӳƲ۾
ͻȻ˲¶һҫĹâųɶӡӣǹɹâı˱ǰտɶСӳɫ
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Ǿ磬ҿﵽˣڿԾ洫Ӱˣҵһ̣Ѿܾˣɶ΢΢һЦһѵĻȡ
ڵͨʮͨ
ոڳɶߵĵϢԶԶ˳ȥʲ͡
ִڣִЦеźӣϢǴһԴģȻԼŮɶˣͨŽ״ͣôãͨĸ߷塣
ɶѾսʤħˣִƮƮȻִ߳ңԶһԴ
ɶڴԺڵĻݣͻȻһӰ˸ɶһַſģˮıӭǸӰ߹ȥƤүүܲܲ˼ң

ִϴЦЦѸٵڳɶǰչΣȻСʶȻѾôˣϷǧ⣬Ͳˣ


41 İ
ɶӯӯһЦһõľ顣
үүһʲôҪô
Ȼеģ֮һ˿ǵɫڵĿռѷ죬ڿʼŰˣǰЩʱľӦþ͸йϵ
š
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ôȥһЩǰȥһ̽簮Ŀųɶ
รһĺûأɶ˵ͷ
ЦЦͻȻӿռָóһŽʵεɫȻɢĵĺ
˽һƮ֮Уһһ֪һѾĺýǴ̹ǵĺ·˸ûκӰ졣
˽ԻǡͨķͻƵͨҲʽʱˣ¶һ˿ѽһѳɳ͵ķеҳҵĴֻ֮ϧһֻôһСѾͷֻôˣ
ɶ¶֮ɫӹǽŵ̵ӺݻĽʣ¶һ˿֮ɫ

ǳʣһɴ̹ǵĺӿͷΧݲݽԶ˱顣
ýɶ̾
Ȼѽһֱ㣬㷲ǽһףǽ͸֣ΣأǸһıԦҲӦյĹ˰ɣ
Ȼɶһ˷ܲѣѸٵĵһѪǱǽ
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ˣ
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ĵ˳ɶһۣͳȻһͬǰȥ
ɶһһö
ΪҲ֪СԴʲôεҡҡͷ׼ʱֻа죬ʱ֮Ҫſڼϣ
ǣɶ͵һӦ漴һĲѵĴЦҲֻڳǰȫſӡ
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ɶԱλӣһӢ˧ȴֲʧҫۣ΢ЦʱߣǰһƺڷƮĶţ˵紺㣬һϮһȾ·ɶһԡ
һλ沿飬ȻòͬӢȴɢ˲ҿ
ɶ¶һ˿΢Ц紺绯һء
ʦ֣û뵽ܲսˣ
ǰһЦͷҵĺܣ
磬û뵽Ҳͨˣٵĺܣʦתͷһӵǿ佱ȴ׽
ǰЩʱսҶѣɶʦòҲǴﵽ̶ˣĻش
̬ȣ˺ϰˣҲûȥʲô
󲽴ԶȻǧ׵ľ룬ɶڳ˵·˲Ϣ
һ¹ش˵һҪԼ˽ԶھӢǧҪʲô˲źã
лִϹģʦֶų΢ЦԴǹ
Сٸƨѵõ¶һ˿Цݣ˴˴ǰȥҪȥ̽ռѷĸԴλһǿܲҵһˣ
˭ɶɻ
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ţͷ
ҪעǣһҪ֤İȫǿ
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ɶƺĸʦֱźܽľ룬Ӱ棬֪ȥڳ˵Ļ
ʦҲӢĺܣǷŵԸҲڶŮǷİֱǰͶͱġϧʦָûзС
֮У˿õһԣȻ˻ûͱһ㴰ֽ


42 Сǧ
Ժ֮ҶƸоԴЩأ·Ǧһ㣬Եûġ
ˣ鵭
Ҷ˦˦Դ
֮дһ˿ظĸоãֻһͼСǧѣȻգƾʵȴû̫⡣
ͼСǧ磿ҶãȻĻܣܽԶǲãأɽϣľïʢÿһŶʮ׵ĸ߶ȡ
СǧΪͼм߼֡λʵС磬ͳΪСǧ硭ĵĸҶƽ͵
Ҷħ֫Ķռ䲻ͬСǧҪǶռܶܶࡣȻڶռ֮УһжٿأܵĴڡСǧ磬㴴Сǧ磬Ҳվֻһеһ
ħ֫ɱ֮󣬶ռСǧͬ´ȥСǧҲһֱȥܵƻڲ
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飬ħ֫ӵ𻯾ʵȴ㷴ɱˣʵӦøǿɣҲӦгȥİ취ɣҶƼеʵ
ȻУΪʲôҪͳȥأǱУڵѾûκεİˣòһȻΪʲôҪĿأȻô䣬ϸȻҲ̺һ˿Ц⡣
ҶƵ̾һˣоаɣȥʱ仹á˵Сǧ֮лһ컯ڵҡ
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ĬԣԦԼķʦֵӰ˹ȥķһ乳Լߣһֻ乳˸ź⣬ޱȡ
ͨǽѾԵĴ͸д֮һָɢĺ⡣
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⣬һһһ죬Ѹٵĳķ򼱳۶ȥ
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ͨŽ׵Գ˫ȭ̩֮ͬɽѹÿһȭ̺ǧ֮Ҷǿ屻һҲǺܵġ
ոҶѾһԳһΣҶͷң֪˿̵Ǳ̶ȡ
ߣΪ㲻ɣʵڿԳŰˣҶһ˫˾һһڵһ㳯ԳԴȥ
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43 
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44 뷨
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Ϊʲô㣬ѰȹңϲǷ˵ˣȻҪ㣡
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ĵطҶƴһ£˫峺ˮ澡޷ĸж


45 Ů
𶯣ҰҽΰɡѩޱβѣҶϵ˿ڣæ
ˣԼȬҶһЦѸ첲ѩޱѩޱһȻսĵطѾµ⣬ѪҲѾֹͣð
ǲô⣡ѩޱɻѡ
ҶȻǲܰԼѪ˵ģֻһЦ

һ·˲ٲ۵ޣԶնǹ֮¡лٶȵҲܿ˸տʼսĵط
޴Գʬ嵹ڵϣ˼æǰȥ鿴
˻
ɶ͵سһŵ˿ڣԶƾӲԳµģ˸ûʹͨͨŽ׵Գǿޱȣѵһרĵѣ
ʦҲüͷϸ̽ԳԴ˿ڣӦǣֶӦûеͨȴ֮ͨ¡ʬ壬ȥмʱʱˡ
ԹԵĳǰţͻȻǵʬ壬æϸ̽顣
³ĺɫѪüͷմմ˱Ǽһţʱɫ䣬ϺɫĶҺ˲䳯ָڲӶȥ
粻ͨʿָֻ⴦ಡķɳѾڵĶѪ͵һµĺ˼
ðԵĶ𾪵ͻͨƱҺֻ֮ܽ֫ˡ
ͨµĺۼɶ΢üǱսľ
ʦֹ۲ĺϸڵͻȻ˴Ѫ
û߳طҵľ룬ôǵˣʦմһѪָϣĪ˼ӡ˫΢ա
һᣬʦɫϲ˹Ȼû뿪а취ҵʱ˿̵֮
˽ԶϲæԼķ׼շС
򣬴Űʮʦ͵زԼķɽ֮ϣһȵĻðʱսΧһЩ
ɶ̤ǽʦֵ˳һɱľ
ಣ
˼Ԧŷֱ졣
ҶڱĿѩޱһң죬в֮ǰĸᡣ
ҶǸʲôĻЩ飬֪Ҳûʲô˵ġȻ֮ˣǷûй涨˽Ϊ֮󡭡
ѩޱ˼ʲôһʱӻ
ôˣ
ѩޱյ˦˦ͷԼǸǵİѩѩޱô
Ҷ͵ɫã쳣ǿϢڳ߸
ʲôѩޱһ㶣ֵʲôްɣ
ޣҶɫǳࣺǿϢˣ
ˣѩޱʧг漴룺ôܻбˡףռѷ콵ڣ˺ܿˣһӻãһЩֵĻ뵽ѩޱż
Ҷƣܸо˵ʵôѩޱ򶨵
ţ˶ǿҲͨΪҶݺࡣ

ѩޱһ˵ֻҪЩ𻯾֣ûʲôµġͨĵô˭ܸϵԼأ
ȷǳģѩޱ
ǣϾˣˣˣҶƽգȻ֮лǣǣˣշеˡ
ңңµɽһεעԼ
˼Ԧ䡣
Ҷƿ֮ʱһϲ׵ǸŮӣԼ˼ҹŮɶô
ûȵҶ˷ܵĳȥʦüǺˣ
ʦȻӢͬԶġҶƱѪˣȫɢǿҵϢڤڤ֮ԣͬԸһһԲĸо
ʦҲ֮ͬĺܣôİܸҶƣԻͱЩˡ
Ҷƿɶһ𻹿ôвˬԷƣȻҲЦһ˫Ҷƣ
ʦᡰŶһüϸ´Ҷơ
ԱߵӶҪɳˣȻһҪһԾԾԵĸо
֪Ů㻹ǵôҶȫʦ֣Գɶ
ɶֻǾҶƿЩϤѣǵԼ¹һСؤأ
ҶƾѪ֮͸ǰǿݵʮǧˣɶǵãҲһϵó


46 
ɶãҡҡͷҶʦܣǰô
Ҷԭż˿õ¶ʧɫһһİοԼʱ˼ҾôˣɾͰԼˣûϵûϵġ
뵽Ҷٴ¶ЦݣһλҪʲôأ
ûֻ֨һ˫澡ս⡣ɶ췢ޣڵ˭֪ȴʦȡ
̷ѰСǧĸԴȻݻ٣ȻСǧĿռѷͻٵ
Ҷв⣬СǧΣĴô
鵭ĸ͵Сǧкܶ࣬ÿһڴһռѷ죬ʱռѷΧҲźܴһСǧڶǽ˵һСĽ˸˽ħ֫ƫеԶʧǾŽҲʧ¾һСıСǧ֮С
ˣö֮Щǲϴ壬ռѷȴǻ壬͵ЩùˣֲǻɳٵСǧ硣ҶƵ˵ͷ
ˣһЩ츳ǱĵӱУСڴˣǾǵòʧˣĿҶһۣûѪ»ֱӱֻԳĳ
ҶȻĵ˵ͷĻôҲ޿ɺǡ
ɽڵѩޱʦֵĻɫͻȻ䣬૵ô졭ҪٵСǧ硭Ҳǵóѣ
ԼǹɴݲٴλصѩޱϣƵǿգ߳ɽ
ʦ֣ô£ѩޱźۼĿҶƵ壬ƺҲɡҶơһЩġʦ֡
ҶûеĶߣѩޱЦλʦʦǣҪִɵ񡣡
ѩޱʦһ˿޵ɫ漴һ˿û
ɶɻѣүүֻֻһӾҶƣŮǺˣ
Լˣ˽Զһɻѵɫ
ʦɫֱ䣬һ˿֮ɫλѣʦδΪλ֣Сǧڵ֪ôأ
ʦ˵㲻ҶɫҲһ̤ǰҪѩޱ⣬ѩޱȴмĿһۣͬĶʦֵСǧɣΪұã
ʦּѩޱҶײԼдΪ죺СǧڣȻר
Цѩޱһ˭涨Сǧֻһڣ
㡭ʦɫһո˵ǷȴСǧ粻ֹһڵ飬һȡ
λһ󣬳ɶڣҵǷǰ̽СǧڲģоҵСǧĸԴݻ١ûйϵȥСǧҵзӳǹΣˡ
ɶģ˵ɽϵѩɽһȾǻȻǼġ
ѩޱüëһòڳɶľɫʱ˿̸ǶڳɶǸ߸ϵˣΪõ֪Сǧ˭Ϊã
ȷʵ֪ɶһᣬǵͷǷǰģֻ֪ʦΥ
ЩȲˣҲߣƾʲôҪݻʲôʸôѩޱ˫ֱųɶ˫Ŀ峺ˮӴ˿ɢһͱ˵ơ
ҶƲŮΪһЦҪǰ廰ѩޱֹסˡ
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ѩޱЦһȻЩңҲմһЩҳ޷εġɢǵĹâ
ɶҲһϮ£ȴͬɽϵѩʥ಻ַ
ԭҲĵӣǴ˴μӵΪжʱ˰ءǺǣӣҲգѩޱЦѡ
㡭һ²ʦ֣ɶҲ̬ȱƵЩŭˡ
֮һڮ٣ǲĵӻд̺⣡ɶȵ
ιܲ仰ôҶƴʱ˿̻ûԣæԲȷĵӣҿ֤ģһһġ


47 ˭
ǴСеģһäĿΡǲһ˿ڮٵġ
ߣһһɽΧƣͷųǹȵơ
ȻĵӣΪҪ赲ǻٻСǧ磿ʦĿ棬Ķѩޱ˫ۡ
ûСɡѩޱɬȴǼᶨƣǡǲƻСǧ磡
ʦֺͻȻ뵽ʲô¶һ˿ЦݣͻȻһ̧֣һȵƳѩޱϣѩޱƺһһѪǰ½Ҳһ
һԲΣ״Ϊ
Ҷƴ󾪣ʦһ£ٶޱȣѩޱߵҶҲûзӦ
ѩޱɫ䣬æԼУһȴǱʦֿ۵ס
ŵǿ壬ʦ¶һ˿Цѩޱѩޱվ¶βˣѾץˣЩڵĲ͵͵ǱΪǺ£
˵ţҲóһ壬״ȻѩޱǿϳһԲ
ϵǿɣͿ⣬ҲһߣʦЦš
ѩޱʹı飬ҶֻоԼȫѪȼ˫ͻȻһѪ죬͵ضסʦֵ˫ۡ
ʦͻȻоƱһɷ׹ߡܺȫǺХĹ꣬ͬ޵һ㡣
ոձʦֵԼѩޱҶƸоԼϱ˲˽¡һȻʲôʵ
ѩޱͱ븶ۣҶ͵˫ȵŵأûκԤ׵˲䳯ʦȥȭӳ·ΧԾ۵һ֮ϡ
һȭ֮رɫ
ʦִ󾪣ⲻ͵ؽ·ɽǰҶƵȭݺݵ˷ɽ档

ʦ־ıҶһȭҷ˺Զԭǽŵ棬һֱڵϻ޴Ĺۡ
ӣôʦгԾ
ҶƷ·ûµһ㣬Ѹ˻ȥеķѩޱʵû°ɡ
ѩޱסˡɶסˣҲסˡ
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⡭һͨδСӵʵ˫ʵȲѣһŵʱ˿Ҳһ˿ҡ
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ҶʦܣɿˣɶһעҶƣҪΪô
ǺǺǺǡ
ҶƵͳЦţͻȻЦ߰ѣǹɱͻȻǿݺݵѹ˵񾭡
ʲôڣֻ֪ڴҩãˣֻ֪ѩޱҵֻ֪Ҷ˵ŭ
ˣ븶ۣ˵ţҶƵ˲ʧԭأһֻڷɵĴڿзţһֻȻ֮䳯ѹȥЯ̩ɽѹ֮ƣ͵ѹ쳽ͷ­
쳽һ˷̾һзһת⣬ЯźХĻƣһ½ҶƵȵ˻ȥ
ʹ׼쳽ҶƶɲǣҲǲɵͲһ¡
Сӣô򰾵壬ͨﾳͨһƾӲ쳽д󾪡
ҶƣţǶһȺŪĵţһɳԵǱ֪Ǻξģ쳽Ȼĺȵ
ҶƱ쳽ķˣڿз˸Ȼٴγ
ˣ롭ۣҶƴʱ˿̷·һֱ˶ʳޣ˫ۣһһµҹ쳽
쳽ƺҲǱŭٱķʼĹ͵˼ǳ϶ʱҵĻ棬һ³Ҷƴ
úãúã
Ҷ˿쳽ĹУұۺǰѸٵĽӽ쳽
ʦ֣ҪҶʦܱϾĵӡɶЩеĵ
쳽Ļ˵˵ĻǴ̳Ľ·Ѹˣ渽棬Хѡģһ¾ܹҶƻˣ
Ҷһ˫ɺ˸ţѾȫѪˣۼ˫֮ϣţֻҪܹӽ쳽ôһȭܹˣ


48 һ
ಣ
쳽û뵽ҶƾȻֱֱĲܣôԼɺһļ¡
أ
ĳһ´ҶƵұ֮ϣұұǺǰģһ¾ȻֱӹᴩҶƵֱۣһ¶һض̶̵Ľ⡣
Ҷ֮вûʹ࣬˸һ˿ıóѵɫ
쳽ҶƵͼѾˣ
Ҷұ͵һתһ½ǳĳֱ֮У쳽Ҷɾһקʧ֣Ӳקסˡ
Ҷұ۴ų͵سȥͬʱȭǰӣһȭ
ʱ˿ҶƵѾȫ쳽壬ȭһ»쳽ؿڡ
ۣ
쳽ɫͻȻ׻һ㣬һѪ˳óͨⲫҶҪĴ򷨣ϲġ

쳽һ³Ҷһ֣Ѹٵĳȥұ֮ϱĴѾѪΪѪԶһ
ʴǵʹҶѸٵ˻ԭأһ˫ѪɫɢôĶ쳽
Ѿ˴ۣҶ
ѩޱվҶƵ󣬿ҶΪԼƴˮ˳һʱжӯ
͵֧Լվѩޱײײĳ嵽ҶƵߣ˵ĲȥеᣬæһЩҩһЩҩҶƵұϵĴϡ
ȥᣬҶƵĸ첲ϣҶ΢Цſѩޱȹҵǲñ˺ģ
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ҶüëһĽѩޱƵԶתųɶĳɶΪ쳽֣ʲô·ˡ
ǳеҶƸû𷴿ʶһֱ͸ҶƵأǽĺֱӱҶأڸ˱׶סҶصľѪܡ
ɶҶֻһ֮ңɶɴۣԳԵ˵
Ҷ飬еɷɢȥֳ̧ųɶϸȥ
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Ҷ֮Ϸ·ûκʹ֮ɫҡҡͷ̾аʹǻˣҲ޷֣˼ҹɽ㰡ǡ
Ҷ֮ϵḡɶ¶һ˿֮ɫ漴ΪΪǿҵŭǳ˲䱬һǿҵĺ˲佫ҶըһѪ
ȻѪȴûѪΪҶؿڴѪѾǽɱ硭ޱȡ
ҶͻȻŷһǿ֮ɶӲ˺üǽҲ֮ȥ
˵ˣ˭Ҳ˺Ҷ˫֮¶һ˿ᶨƵɫעˡ
쳽Ѿ֮ѹȥѪʹһŭվԡ
쳽ǱһԶԶԼ˵Ѫ

쳽ӳĳ˲˴Ż棬ǻһ±С򣬳ҶƷȥ
ɢ쳽ȵ
ҶƿĻǲɵøһ˿Ц
ȣ
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ǿ쳽һ˼佣ٴλӷһǿҵĻ
˵ҷ˶࣬Ϊʹ;֪Ҳûа취飡һȣڳˣɢĽͻȻ˲һĽ⣬˲䳯ҶƵ崩͸ȥ
Զ٣ǿΪѩޱмһҶƲվһ
ŮͷȻԻڣ쳽ĿһתǿҵĻת˷򣬳ѩޱӻȥ
޴Ļڿɢȵĸ£ǻĻʤѩޱһ´оҴ֮⡣


49 һս
ҶƷŭѣҪȥԮȴĲסҶƣǸӰķһ˦ԻƿźХƿָ֮ҶϵѨ
Ҷʵ֮£ټսȻ·硣вϱǱǷ乳˺Щ˺ۡҶʼãЩСҲûиʲôʵԵ˺
ԽԽû뵽ҶƵʾȻôǿǷĹӲֻǹ˺
Ѿԭעش󿪴ϣ͸֮ͨжģҶ㾭ѪǵˣҲǳܲסѾ˺Ѿι״Сһ·ܷӳʵһ㡣
Ҷ޷Ϲȥ֧ԮҲǴ󼱣ҿѩޱʵҲǲӰƮƮȻ֮Ѿһ޴Ļ
ѩޱ쳽ȴʮֵķߺޣ˫ɵ·ɣŴͬɫĶ쳽ߡ쳽һæ˿ڱǣһ˿ڡ
ѩޱЦѣΪ˿ڱҵĶͶûЧôǳ
ʲô쳽һͻȻеؿһƣһɱĸо֫ȼŻع
жˣ
Լûкѵⶾͨڵô
쳽һܿȶ
쳽ʵҲǶģΪĴʦֻ֣ȫͻȻŷһ棬ǻ֮ڡһʱ䣬жԶȼڵľ綾Ҳı쳽Ƴ⡣
㶾ֻʣһѾץˣֻŶСֻʣһ˻ʲô㲻ץֻһˣʲôķأ쳽
ѩޱŭЦ峺ˮմ˿̿ȻǱһζ
½ǵЩα˵ЩĥģҼţƴ½ߴɶ
쳽۵ߴѾΪʷеֻɣ
ͬ˵Ҳãѩޱһս֮еҶƣ˫֮һ˿ҡ֪ԼӦôȥҶƣԼС
ɶһֱԱûг֣ӻȣƺǻڻζŸղҶĦ
Ѿն乳ο·˼֣˫ֻΪһȵɢŽƵ˲ֱӡ
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Ҷ͵ػȭȥ״Ĺâݺݵײһײһɴ̶ĸ֮
Ҷȭͷ޴һ㣬֮Уֱӽڵء䱾ֻ˼¡
ǿȻֱӽҵĽնԾѣܵͨķɣ
أ
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һռƺһˣ޴ɫǰĿռʱѣƺ룡
Ҷƿ⵱ͷһɵ˫ۣһɷڵѪȫ˫֮΢΢Ʋһľ룬עŵͷµĳ
𣡡
ҶһǺֱӳһɱ䵽ɱ׵壬˶оߣë
νһеģҶϹһ˿ŵ΢Цһȭ͵ػӳһȵƼҶƵаħұ棬γһȻı㣬ĳƺûзϣ
¡
һ쳹ǧľ޴𵴵Ҷֱû˻ҳ֮Уĵֱ˽ףƬĹӳԶ
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ɢȥҶǰȻӰڴˣһ˱ֱĳǹ֣
쳽Ťͷ۵룬˫֮һ˿ŭɫ
Լ쳽˫͵˼һĻ˫֮γɣֻ͵һף㳯ŵµѩޱкȥ
ѩޱжʮݣȻ渲˸ܴһƬطɵĶ˹ȥֻȷϯ洵ؿһƻš


50 ײ
ѩޱƺһ˼쳽׼ʱͱ˵ٴӳıѻѩޱǰը
أ
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쳽˲ڵ֮ϣһǳѩޱϻȥ
ѩޱɫΪʣƽ쳽һٴνöУԼֻһλˡ
Ȼѩޱ˵أ쳽ȻҴ⣬˸ڽһ㣬ǳʱûܣ쳽͵ؽһ˦һž޴Ļͷ¡
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ѩޱԼַǳģһ£ɣ
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쳽Ц㻹ǿ־ܵĺãЩƤ֮࣡
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쳽Цһһ˺һȵĻֳۣ֮ǻһ죬һϺڣּ˵һ
ɶ˫۵ɵôģ쳽ӣԳԵ˵
쳽ЦͻȻϾ٣ǳĳͻȻÿ˼֣ͬ쳽ұۣȻΪһ޴Ļ潣
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쳽δ£ѩޱ͸оһӭȣȵ˴
ʦ֣ɱ˰ӦýȥȴִϵУɶ
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ҶƼ˴ʧɫľӲƴűһȭؿڳ˳
ѩޱһе£ı۾ţ֮ӦòΪҶưɣϾͬšңѱصǣ˽
Ҷٶ죬ڵһڴ֮ǰ嵽ѩޱߡ͵ת壬ѩޱ޹ǵ֫ͷῴԲˮ硢ںĳǵϧһ˫ƽ羲ˮ۾ˡ
ѩޱо֫˻סˣһûü۾ͻȻᵽǹϤζһ˻ȥĽͷҶؿڣҸ
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ҶĿѩޱӣȥ
ѩޱֻоһ𣬳ǾͱҶҰĶȡˣҲã޺ˡ
ҶͷҲ̧ôѩޱֽͣס塭֣аħұ۴ʱ˿ȴһЩ޵ķͻȻ֮Źâǹǿƥ˲ҶƵȫ
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ͨﾳʵģ
쳽ͻȻоԼһɱ䵽ɱΧɵøеëֱ䲻Ĵ˸£һ͵سȥ


51 
Ҷѩޱӣôһ˿ûйǵĻȭӭ쳽Ļ޽
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Ҷϼûһ˿ţаħұۣȫǰӡѩޱ촽ѩޱҲɬĻӦţ𣬺
߻ײռʱ˺ЩУ𽥵ѹ˻쳽˫۵ɵþ޴󣬴ܡ
أ
׵û˻µĳֱӽ쳽գ쳽֮ͻȻŷһɼΪѤĹâֵס˺ʴ漴Ҳȫ顣
ಣ
쳽˫֮оǲ˼֮ɫоԼ屻߸ߵ׷ɣ֮С
ȫʹһ˿ͷȫһ㣡
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ѩޱҲ۾˫֮вǰƽ羲ˮȡ֮Ŀ顣
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Ҷʶڵ飬̾һҲ֪̾ʲô
أ
쳽ڵϣ˫۸ӵĿҶƣȻʲô˵
Ҷôһ߽ͨ׵Ҷô
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ѩޱֻûҶƵĲӣҶβ֮ϸһ˿糺졣
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ᶯռѷ죬ǿƻСǧȻ𻯾ɾ˰֮ҲС
ضֶΣǳ壬Ҳ
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ѩޱ㶵ĵ˵ͷҶ˵ûСǧغڶڵȻǷǳҪ
Ȼǻ˵ЩʲôɣһУҶЦҡҡͷ
ҶƼϾѪɶ͵ظеһж
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ѩޱæҶƣһ֮ɫϽҩۣȴտҲɵһ󾪿֡
ɶɫӵ˹ѩޱ󾪣æվҶǰ䱸Ŀųɶҧ촽
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ϣɶɬվԼ˵ֱ꣬ӼԦűǽϸ߿ա


52 Ѫ
翴ɶߣҲ˼ǧתͷӵĿһѾԹȥҶƣ쳽ҲųɶĽŲա
ѩޱ˼һһ⣬ʵǲŶԷôŹԼ
ڱȺšϻȡ̡ɽŹƴ½ɣͬվƴ½Ķˡ
жڸϻȡɽߵıȽϽȺšߵıȽϽǱ̬ȡ
ÿ꣬ߴɶҪһȣ߽ᱻ̭ȥ½Ŷ档֮ǰЩ죬ڵĳͻȻȫʧ٣Ҳ䲻Ⱥףϵ
ڱҲûȥμŵȣɴ˳ߴ֮Уһûǿɶ棬Ծͳš
ĶȺŸ̵Ĵ֮£ήͬλѵ£̲ϧðŸΣհڣϻȴ󵹸꣬ԭƽľ档
Ϊڶһ겻񣬽Ϊŵĩβ
ʵЩڼɶڶںǲмǰѶڵЩֻŪҩСˣ¶ڵһֱܲʵھǲȥҽá
ö֮ЩڼɵӶڶھһƫΪǻħŷǱ۵ģ׾ͶԶ֮顣
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桭ѩޱ֮дһ˿˿ȻûҲԼĲˡ
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˭˭ѩޱп˼ö룬ѸٵĻܡ

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˭
ѩޱһ֮Զ飬ͫײֻҪǰŮа춯еͻ޹ǵȥ͸Դ
еСɣûãҡҡͷĶҶǰ
СƤ׸סǾ˵ԲһĻȡ
ҪȥҶƣȴѩޱֵ˲벻ףѩޱԴ

뷢Хƿֱֱ֮ĳԴȥ
ԴĿһѩޱֶû̧뻹ûɵǰϢĻš
ʲôѩޱһ岻ĳıסеҶƣܵʲô˺
Ҷе⣬Ͳ֪˶ٴˣһͨﾳ߽׵϶ѣĻɲһ˿飬˸߸ϵζһվڸߴһĸŵϵϡ
ѩޱһ漴ҲڵֿƾĻҶƵؿڡ
ڸʲôѩޱǳȻ֪ԼŮ˵Ķ֣ҲԷôĿŵԼƤ¶Ҷʲô˺
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ѩޱһ۵ɵЩɶԷܹǹǿҵѹûгܹġô˵ѩޱķ˶ӡ
ԷɱԼˣֱ׾٣ĻҪרôһȻԷ˵ǾҶƵģҲû˵ѣΪʵ˸м˵ѡ
վһߣѩޱõĿţֲϵҶؿĴţȴǿóڸҶ滺ڵѪ
νңѩޱҲǿ飬Ϊ̫ȽҶƣ½ȫ׵Ժ뵽һھΡ


53 ռ
ɶһĪʧУ֪Ϊʲô̤űǽ֮ϣ΢紵գӦУһЩķꡣ
쳽ʵģΪĴʦ֣ǰЩʹﵽ̶ͨȸǵͨףһͨյ¯࣬һлնھǿһУƾһоԿԽɱˣû뵽ȴǸͨﾳСҶƸƵˡ
쳽ϴһͨķ£´ʱ˿ͱΪ֮µԩˡ
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뵽ҶһԵĦԼգľһ
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뵽ҶƵѩޱǰһȻӣľһңʱԵģǱ߳Щ쳽
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ţɶһСĹ۲ΧĿռ䲨һӦ
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һռ伫ȵŤţųü˫ֵĶֻü˫һ壬ֱֻһһɾ޴ͺХųĴӶȥ

ü˫ͬʱǰ죬ǹɾ޴ͬҵйһ㣬ѸٵĳǰĿռѷ֮ӿȥ֮ռѾŤһɳ̶ȣֻҪԼһ˿ѿһ㡣
һ壬üϵɫȻò԰ףͷŵʵҲвСĸɡ
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ɶָһ˶һۣԶǸԦŷٵĸȥ
ԼжԶ翸쳽ץǱ쳽ķüʵ
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ǰǧ״֮һСĺɫտʸ롣ǱüѵĿռѷˡɫһϲæԦŷڿлһŵĻ߳ſռѷڷȥֻ֮СಡɫӰ˲ǿռѷ֮СԼǿռѷĺ£ֱָûһ˿ĺۼƴûгֹһ㡣
˳ռѷ죬ԶǴһ罫쳽ķ£ɫޱȡ


54 Ʒҩ
üʧɫŵ˺۾
쳽ѪѸɺϣһĨʺѪֱ˲԰׵Ĳ档ңͷҲýڣ̱һ֪ͷ顣
Ҫǣ쳽ŵһͨıףȻѾѡüεȶһ۱㿴ͨı׾쳽ף쳽ɱ˴˫ۺǰĹͷûⱦף룡
˭ſԽͨĽ׵쳽˳쳽Ĵʦ֣ܾǰѾŵ洫ӣɵͨԳ־˺ǿƵĽѾ鶯ƮƵڱֱ𴫸֮µ֮ĵһ쳽绹Ůɶ
ɶϽԶûԵƣֻϽ֮ɫ
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Լүүô˵ɶһ֮
ܹⵤȷŵģֻʱ˿ֻһˡ

Сǧ֮У鿴űҶöҩҲһ
ߣСӿǴأѣȻƷҩСӣ׬ˣϷʵĿɻԲѵҶơ
Ʒҩ˵ոճɶĵҩƷҩѩޱɴ۾˲֪ƷҩŲʮţȻô󷽵ĸҶһö
ûӦƷҩܹⵤЦ¸ҪˡҲʡٺķСӰҩˡ
ܹⵤѩޱԾסͣոʵ̫ڵҶƵˣͺȥСڵĵҩһ̽
Сӣǹʺ˲ϣǺһЦȻƷҩһְƵҩЧʤ޲ô
ҶϵѪѾѩޱøɾ˿˯ŵӣһ޺ꡣֻҪһܵıݻо޴ĹѣҶƶͷ̾ͳһֻεСǡ
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55 ѳʦ
ʲô˵㽫ܹⵤҶƷһţִϵɴ۾Գɶ
šȷģ볤𷣣ɶ˫ۣһĽëĲš
˭ִϲǺһظһȻҩûбãҲˣˣ㻹ûе쳽ΪλˡУҶѵûһ
ɶɫò԰ף˵վҪ˵ġ
ųɶ֮渵ڳгɻ󡢺Ǽѡܡ𾪣÷ŭ
ɶȫȫĵ˳ĵҲǰ̾һ
˵ҶСӣܹһȭ쳽ˣһĳɻ
ߣҿ˳ʹʲôڵŮһ𣬹ƱҲʲôöִϣǰȥ̽һץ񣡡һԵһϼ߲ѣǳֽ飬쳽壬Ȼȫȫվ쳽ߣ֪Լֶӱһͨﾳ˵ʱ򣬵һ뷨Ҫֶӱ
ɫӣĻɫҲһ䡣
ȻΪά쳽ֺγάҶأ
Ҷǡ˫ĳƺ䷢ȥģҶҲǼޱȵϣͨﾳʱ򣬾Ϳͨ쳽ôͨʱʲôһأ
ֻ˵Ҷ̫ˣ
üҲüͷ˵ĺܣҶôһӣҪԽ쳽ģпܳɾңɼĳԴӵһ֮󣬾ٴ̤㳤ɾˡôһ˲ţȻԼˣ
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ĵϸΣü˵޵ƮһԵ鳤ϣֻЩ
ͨǲλǰѵģæͶ֮кܶʶֻһؽֵСؤѣڵ۶ʮꡭ
ü˵ͷͨȥת˼ҶƵϿ׵ˣ
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̾һ֪ҪΪԼֶӳˣҲѹ֣쳽ȻһͨﾳСС
ҾáŻ쳽εжЩçײˣȻⲻȨ쳽ķǷѣװʧȥһǱ޵ĺӣǱҪ׷ˣ
׷׷ѵҪʾǶСӵ֮ôʡʡɣѾѳˣ˵죬Ҳˣ
㡭üԶ顣
һ¿ˮ̵ӣν̯̯֣˵С˳ˣ˸ɶѣ
ɶĻͻȻ۾ȵεȷʦͱˣȻҶʦҲѳɣ
ȫһž˶ȵĿɶˡ


56 һԴ
˫۵ɵľ޴˸ִϳһǲԸԼֶӸŮǷǳֵ֧ġû뵽ɶ첲ӳա
üҪС꣬ҲǵһΪԼֶӣҲ˲ôˡ
Ҷƴʱ˿ѾѳţҲͲܴʲôϧ֮⣬ֱȥץɿԽڵһʰȻҲǳϣǸͳüʵȨϻһĲġ˵ĵҲǺ㡣
ڣüЦѣΣܹΪãǶٴβߴţΣ
㡭ŭҶԳüָʹģֻܸŭԡ
ߣҿûǣҶơ˫ƺŵģǳϰ鲻ü϶ײɵȱڴʶ˲ߣ
ޱ飬ûд飬ֹֻͷһȭ·Ǵ޻棬
Ȼǲ׼ȥ׷ˣǾͻٵСǧɣȻҪѺܶάֿռѷƽ⣡϶̬Ҳһҧ
һгϽԶĬԣǺάռѷҪһ𻯾ǿʱʱ̿ԱߣռѷһŰ꣬Ȼ˵ǵָ˲䣬ķѵľҲӴġһ𻯾ֲɺܶ𻯾ǿַءȻڵ屻УЩѪͰ׺ˡ
УϵǣһȻǳɶȿڵ
ѾӦǣгһգֽռѷߣɣȻѾӦ˱ˣٴηڵĵɶҲǷǳģҶѪӣȻ˼أȴɼͦ壬ǲһֽߣ龰
дΪãӦ˵Ȼǲ÷ڣ֪ԷûʵµŵԣжأгһǶãһǧꣿǧꣿ
ɶȻзŭѣݻǷģҲֱӶ죬ֻܹϴԲӡӾãӦ˵ܷڣȥЦ
ߣһ䣬һͷȥɶ
Ŀ˳ɶһۣȻѾӦǴ¾հɣϣҲȷǾϹᣬҲ˰ɣ
ֲЦˣ컰֮żֿ佱֮⣬һ򲻺͵Ҳû˵
쳽²ȥµĵҩɶؼʱûгֹҲǷȥһµĵҩҶƣȥɣڵĿռѷһ˿أ֮Сǧ粻ܻٵȻͻΪЦŵ
ӹִѾˣû˶ов̷ǹҲκë
оҲûʲô飬ҲֻǺ˼㲻καʾˡ
˽ԶɢȥĶԳüüΪܸоһأҶĸѩޱСȥ˶ڡôڸˣָտɴ
üҲȥһ࣬̾һߴŶкβãڵļӽţҲǲˡ
Ѿȥ˵ЩҲûʲôˣŴȾҪˣ˵һֱĩβɽҪдҲǰ쳽⺢ʲôãӾһ㣬úһ£Щٮٮߴȥɣ챳˫֣ңԶ
ɶʧ˻ƵĳһԴȥһ·ԵͶĻĿ⣬Ҳţֻôʧš
һֱһθоԼŷһ˿ɶʲôʲôааȴڿҩնҲҲǳǿԶ١
֪˶ãһԴѾ˲Զɶʧ˽ȥ


57 ѩ
Ůӵòɶʱ׻ԲԲô˿ӣ֮Уӵ壬龰ʮҡɶꡣ
ӡɶӣȻԼǰòȻҫ
ԷԼ˵ĹάĻ̲סһŻ£Ѹٵʲô
ɶʦǱ˵ôˣҫֱ£ʵ
ǿ̧ͷʵɶʦʦֻʦȥִȥˣһʱزˡ
˵Ϊ˴󵨣ҫЦһԴˣɳɶȥִˣĶ츣أȻǱˡ
ɶʦǱ߻Ҫúõ˵һ¡ˣһῼһǿķҫסе
š֪ˣҫʦ֡ٴεͷȥ
ɶʱ˿ŭգû뵽ȻԼԺ֮ٴθֽ
Сҫ
ɶ˫֮ðŻ⣬һǽֱӳʣŮһ֮һ˹ȥ
ڸʲôɶȵͬʱǽһ˦һӵıͳ˵ȥǱΪȻ˿źХƿ֮
ҫʱ󾪣Ȼṳ̂ͨҲǰֻѾ̤ͨżˣֻҪһͿͻơ
ֻ˵һߣ˵Լĳ壬ֱһ֮УǱĺֱӴҲֻʮ׵ľ롣
ҫʱоһ󷢺ѸٵץһԵӽԼһʵʵֲѵĿˡ
ɡɶʦáҫȻû뵽ɶ֣Դȫҳһš
ŷӦڵµеۻ֮Ǵа׵ֱ۲˲ǣҲæӽԼһ仰˵ɪɪĿԶĳɶһֱܾСè䡣
𣡡ɶЦѣֻ͵ȵèȥﲻãҪһԴڣҵһԴ
ҫѾѸٵĴ·ϵӵȻͷңҲûûôǱˡ
ɶʦã١ҫε˵ǳɶĶ֣ڲǡ˵ץסˣȻҲûˡ
ɶʦ㣬ҡµӳл
ɶĿһͣסµ͵ػӳһӵĺֱؿڣǿ㹻ס˲䱻ɶĺ˺飬ҲһѪײԶͷɢĵڵϣһ˿ҡ
ҹɶ濴ˣбǽٴһһɱ˵ĺŷ
ҫҧҧƱˣǳɶĶ֣˿ҲֻܴʣСЦݣĳȥ
ɶʦñߣߣҫͼɶƢ̵ĳ߳Сֵʱ͵سһԾԽ˸߸ߵǽͷ˳ȥ
ɳſС棬ðֱֻ֧Լ壬ǿҫߣһ˿ʵɫ漴תͷųɶɶʦ㣬ҵĴĹҰɣҡ
ɶҲһҧֻӳһź֮һͶǽ档
ǰҿۣȻ˳˽ãԺҾˮˮɶסҪɱһŭ𣬽˳ȥ
ʱɶǹ˼һЩģȻƾݾɱҲûʲôϵϾֻһͨŵӶѡ
ɶСܵѬգѾļΪºͣȻûɱˣȻӵǿΪ
ıɶǽͷ֮˸һ˿֮УȻһݶɫ
ȻһԴ̤㣬⻹ż˾ġһ˼붷̾һֽ̧һȹ˳ȥɸ֮ϣ˵ܽѩ׵ļȫסԽһЩҪĲڵסˡ
һУɶһǾˡ֮С֣һ˿֮ɫ˫˼ӡһȵĺ֮
ڱɶ˫ۣͬһ·ӣһտɫĹâȫ
ѩءɶʳָָ͵ͣסǰӴĺָϡǰһָĶŵС֣Բʮ׵СֽԶһɫĺ
еһж˱磬£ȻɢŴ۵Ĺâ
ۻһУʧɣɶ̾һ͵ضһ£ɫò԰ס
С֣Ӧ˵ѩ磬ųɶָ£˲ˡ


58 
ҶƽüͷȻǻ˯֮УȻһʹӣվߣôνĻĺüѨ£Ϊ滺Ѫ
ȿȿȡҶͻȻҵĿɫһң͵ظ³һڲɿ״Ѫ˲òǣִڵĴ˴
ѩޱŵ߬ȭͷһ˫ˮ֮оǵ֮ɫ
ҶƴϢ˺þãŻ۾˻Ƶ˼ףҡû
ѩޱѹֲסĵĿƣһȥסҶƵԴˢˢ䡣
ɵϣ˭Ϊôƴģѩޱ
ޱޱ㡭ܲܣȷſҶһҲҶǿ̧ͷε
ѩޱᡰһæȥ˫֮о޴ζӵʱˢĺˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ˿Ϸʵ飬һۡ
Ҹ߹аħһֻ֮ʹһΣȴʹΣΣķĸоܲܰɣܹⵤ㻹ҪٻԸ¡䣬ݺݵĵҶһۡ
ҶһĻһûʱΪʲôңǸʵģ
һû㣬㲻ҲôУʲôȥ㣿ҴΪħⱾһ׮ƽȵĽ׶ѡ
Ҷһ裬Щ˼Ŀһۣ૵ףѵֻһô
Ȼ㻹Ϊʲô鿴ҲҶƣվӣҶһԭء
ദЩ֮УҶͰһʦѵһ㣬Ѿϰ鲢սӣ˿̴ӶԷеԭֻһףٿȻĲһ¡
欵ˣ˵ظͼ̵ԲΣȴһ㡣ǲԸȥʵ
ԲܽһףҶƳıӰ
һ֮Ҳֳһ˿֮ɫСӡ
ѩޱһһһ㶵ģ˵Щʲôڣ̲סĲʲôϵ
Ҷ뿪ڣȴϱȣѡ
Ҷô˵üͷͣ鼱æ֮Ĺϵǲܶ⹫ģѵһֻԶô
ǡҶЩɫվǵģ֮дһ˿ǿΪʲôѩޱҪ˵ѡ
ô࣬ǵĹϵǲԹġ˼ĺܣɶ֮ͷΡһ
Ҷƿԣֻҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ȥˡ
ŶôأӺʦ֮⣬û˽ѩޱٴλָǷƽ羲ˮɫ˫֮͸ǵĹâ
ɵŮ˵ĳ־й죬ʵ֮ǿǲƲġ
ֻһߣԼʵԶԶʦ쳽
ѩޱһûȷԶԶĳ쳽һҸҶڣһҲѩޱ²ˡ
ҶƸоЩЩӣӿռָ֮ͳһö鵤ȥ˸м
ѩޱôĿҶƣһʱɫһƬѾһûȥȡҩˣĵҩͳԹˡ
Ҷƿѩޱľȣæһö鵤ѩޱķӳֿӣ
ѩޱһ㶣Ȼ΢Ŵꡣ
ҶĽ鵤ѩޱУָŴһѩޱӡ
ѩޱԴһξ룬ȻǸʱΪ֮ǰ벻κźû뵽˶ȥȻǹҲסˡ˿ٴαҶĶȻûпܣŮӵƤǱġ
ҶƿѩޱģޣһֻֻĲӡ
⿴Զ겻ѡɶСĸôһֵأҡҡͷ̾
ã˲ķֿѩޱͨ첻ֱҶƵ۾


59 
ѩޱע⣬ѸٵĻһŷɵҶʶڡ
ˡڿأѩޱͬӬһ㡣
ĻˣҶЦ
ѩޱ̧ͷĴȻǲǻŮӵټɻʵǸأ
ˡҶ˫֮Ϸʣֵ̯̯
ˣʲôʱߵģѵ𻯾ʵɣȻռ䣡ѩޱԾѡ
Ҷû˵Ĭˡ鱾ӵ𻯾ʵӹɵġ
СǧˣڿԸĿ˰ɣҶѩޱ˫
ѩޱ˫֮һ˿Ǹ⣬һͷҶƼϣ૿ڵ˵ĶԣҾǶڵǶһ˿Ѫˡ
ʲôҶƲмĺһУɶͬȵģִʻԼ
ѩޱ۵¶һ˿ж֮ɫԭƴ½ߴŵģǳףӻȨ½ֲڡߴŻʿȻҲʿһ㶼һЩɢޣԲűʼ
ҶƵͷЩȷǵһ˵ǰڴؽֵؤֵͼλϢҲһŲ֪ҶܶôѶϢ
ߴ֮УնΪΣһȰƵĴڣߴ֮вǱ̬ȡ̡ȺšߵñȽϽҶڸϻŻɽߵĽϽǸǺǲԸɴҲССĦѩޱ˵ϻšʱ򣬲ҧгݣںϻǼߺ޵ġ
ߴǴ½϶Ĵ̣ƴ½滹һЩʵǿСţ˹ͬԼÿһλһߴҫĳƺš
ߴž˭Ҳκβ˭γһ΢ľ档ֱһ졭ѩޱԽ˵Խǲλʼǰ꣬ҶҲҵ棬ͻȻʧȺףҳһšȺš̳ûҶڣɽĳְҶڶһ겻񣬿ɺ޵ǣϻʼվûг֣Ҳ֪ϻǵǱߣ
ѩޱסеķߺޣӴҶ˳ߴ֮УֻһЩ˻СɽҲΪǶһ겻񣬳ΪŵĩβţǡǿЦ
ҶҲǰ߬ȭͷ
СǧʲôΪζ˵ôҪأҶʵ
Сǧ磬űĵطСǧҲ֪Ǻ˿٣żҵͨСǧĿռѷ죬СǧҲǴ˶ãͲټˡ󵨵ڴ˵һ󣬽Ҫıȫڴ֮Сǰר̽·ԿҸҸһֳһ룬͵̽Ȼ򿪴ҶڵıȡֻȡЩŲи˵Ļᣬǡ
ҶƺƸоʲôһ󾪻š
ѵǰ塭
ûǰϵ飬ǿԿסǸȴڵץҡ
ȻбĿռѷСǧ֮УΪʲôҪǱأҶɻ
ұֻΪڵĿռѷŰڣڵŻٵСǧĸȻ˷󣬳Ǻܶ𻯾ǿ֣ȻͻƲˣʱȥôˣ˭ҲǴǷάȥ
Ųϧ¶ֹǻٵ
šѩޱ˵ͷ
ҶһᣬһŵĸˣȻҪȫһŮӵļͷ
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Ҷ͵̾һ֪һ϶𻯾ΪȻǺܶ࣬ҲԲ١˿ɼҪˣϼѣ
׼ô죿ҶƷʵ
λĴȻвʮʱ䣬һҪŬȡָҶڵҫѩޱᶨƵ
硭Ҷֹ
ѩޱʹԴôôСģڵҸûпܴȥ˰ǰܵõҲ޷򿪣⡭
ҶƿѩޱӣȻʹ಻ѣĽѩޱӵڻУ£һжɣ


60 Ⱥ
ҶƵʶЦѣҪĶǶడ
ҶƶײҿԵģ㲻˵ָ֮ҿô
˼˵ˡ
ҶĦѩޱգʱγȥûУҶԼ飬Ȼǲĳȥ⣬ѩޱֻͨﾳܹͨռѷȴûдƿռȥʵҲҶΪʲôҪĵԭˡ
ѩޱЦõĵģڲ̻һƣҿʱ͵ȥ
Ҷоһϲ˵Щʲôѩޱٴε
⴫ֻΣһ±ĵеĴһͨռѷͱҪֲܹƿռȥҵġѩޱ϶
Ҷƺһ֣ʲôڣ
ѩޱ̵תΪϲصĵ˵ͷæվӣһ·Ӿ޴Ĺ֮Ծϵ˻ɢ˲ӵӴơ
ҶҲһԾȥѩޱһů
·÷ǳ޴ɢɽһƣزѡ
ѩޱ˫֮лһɫâ̻һŹֵķġÿһĿ̻ϣоһ⸡ڴˣϵҲһ֡
ҿҪһЩʱ䣬ʦܲܰҡšһѩޱͷϸܵĺ飬ԿʮֳġϾҶ˸ҲЩ˼ҶٳˣҶϵƿǶΪܵģҲʵûȥ鷳Էˡ
û⣡˭֪ҶֻӦӯչһӣɢš¸±ıġʮˬ
ѩޱ֪ܹⵤҶƵĹٴμӲ˼֣ľ˿ǲ²죬޲Ҹֺúйһ¡
ѩޱ֮¶һ˿жæŤͷٴμӿ˿̻Ƶٶȣʵ΢Ȼֻǿ̻ͼ޴Ĵƴ󣬵ʮֳа
ҶƻĿܣѾһƬ棬ɽ֣ҶƸ쳽ײʱˣҶΪķԲʮﶼǿɽʯ棬һԶ
ͷİɣҶתͷѩޱЦ
ѩޱҵСǧ֮еȺȺ˵ʹһͷͨﾳĻ˵ͨĻҶʵǿ󣬵ˣҲδܹԸ
أ
һǺɫһ䡣
ǻǵ֮дŻһֻͨĻǣѩޱɫ԰ף
һֻôǾûʲôµġҶһ
ѩޱɫȴԽԽ԰ףǿȺӵһֻĺУܹȺʱ򣬿ܾʮֻֻ
ҶɫҲϢӣԶ߹ȻһȺɫӰ̳ɱһ߶͵Ļ棬һ֪ͨĻǡ
ãǻǵȺĿаֻ֮࣡ѩޱޱȣ죬ߣ
ʲôҶ߬ȭͷ˫֮һ˿Ѫζ
ֻΣ㻹ҪãҶɨһѩޱɺѩޱһ
ٻϢʱ䣡ȺȺʮϢҾͻὫǰΧʱҲ߲ѩޱѣ˵Ҷƴ˿˸ûҲôǵĶְ
ʮϢֻҪ赲ʮϢʱ䣬ͿƵĿ̻Ǿ˲СǧôҶ˿ûܵľעżȺ
ˡˡֻвǧˣȺʮϢ֮ھܱϮ
ǡǡѩޱѣô赲ôãǿӰɣ
ҡ
ҶƱѩޱֻĵ֣ͲţֻǾĿȺ
һѩޱ治˵ʲôˣƺǿҲߵҶƣǸߴӰǸһȭ쳽Ӱ
ѩޱ޺޵ҧгݣѸٵĿ̻ƣҪǾһλܴѲҾʹȥҵ壡
ҶѩޱԶûѩޱһ
ڡ
ͬǧڣض𶯣Ļҳһ˶ߡϰ˫ɫɢѪζϢһһŵĻ档
ŵһֻǵͣ£еĻҲͣ£עƺһ㾪ʧ밡
ͷĻĽл˼Ⱥ̻⣬ɢһԲ׵İΧȦѩޱڰΧȦģҶƾôĻѩޱߡ


61 
ҲûһֻǸԵжһĶˣȻﶼûͨϢЩǻǲġ
ٴνл˼ǲֱӳǰȥʾһֻǳ̽һ¡
ֻǵл˼ɲΥֻƵ߳ȺҶƵһҶԱȽвԡ
еĻǾҶƴʮ׵ľ룬ӣ˫֮зһ˿ѪɫѸ͵ĳҶȥ
ʮ׵ľ룬ת˲ţڿи߸ߵԾſһŻڿۣ͵һ磬ĻͱҶơ
ҶƸҶ㣬Ϊʱ˿̵ѩޱܲһ˿ĴţȻͻǰֻӭŻ
ȣ
ҶƷһըԵĴȣȭͷӻǿƣֱֱӭŻ˹ȥ
ȭͷĲȼվҵĻ֮УҶɫ䣬һһȵŷŻը飬Ϊڿ֮
棬ҶƲҵӿٵԾһȻ׶ߣһԾ˹ĻǵͷȭͷױȵƳŻǵͷȥ
ǻٶ죬شһ㣬Ҷƻ׼ȷ׼Դ
䣡
ƱըҶƽȫȭݺݵкǵԴ
ҶƸ޶ͭͷβǵ㣬ͷӲĵطȻҲɵӲӲȥˡ
ȭͷǵԴײһ𣬷ҺŵûУԴֱӱһȭҳࡣ
ۡ
ͷʬҶǰҶƷŭһ̤ȥǻǵֱӽ̤ΪΡ
ҶԸӦǸеη壬ȻһһܹҶյʣ¡
ȻҶôɾɱһͬ飬еҲ˳ɣһηĳ˼ȦӱЩ
ƺЩѷˣ͵һҵֻȫȳ˳ȥҲųȥΧȦڼٵСš
ҶһӻԼһˣ֮Ҳܸɾѣؼ߻һҲܶѩޱҪԸҲΪԼԵֵٻǡ
вͨģҶƷŭĴһӭһ˳ȥŴǰļֻԶԶƷɡ
ЩҶٴθϵһٴνǰͷķɣս֮е飬ٶԽ˻ǣôһδεظͬĶ
Ҳ޾ģȻѪ裬ǹҲһֱ壬ͨޣϻǲɱıӳѪۡ
ڳˣһֻǾͿԽĴ
Ҫ˺ܶ࣬·ǻһ㣬ԼȺ֮У䲻һצܴҶƺصơ
𣡡
ٴγץҶƴűڶȺץ˺üµΣӭȥȭצҶƾȻ˺ü
Ȼ֮󣡡
ҶѸٵĽѩޱһֻص˦ɣǰҪã
ѩޱɫѾûһ˿ѪɫڼŲԼ£жʮϢʮϢ
ҶѩޱһӴĻѾ˽ζ
飬ٲӿҪ˺ԵˣҶʶ֮д
ҶƵʶ֮ЦѣɵϣΪΨһһзȻᱻһȺͼޱƳӣ棡
𣿶˻㻹ٴӵĻ㻹ҵħ𱨳ĻͳңҶƷ
ȴǲҵѪȻӵ΢Ȼ΢ǾԿѹסЩͼˣ
Ҷһ㶣ʶĴ˼˫۹ɲӥһĿ⡭˵ˣëûС
ˣңҶƴŭ
ߣȥоǹڵ⡭̵
Ҷ֮յıܹһֻǵצӣʶİĻȥǹ˳
ʱҶ϶һĸо˵ƺԵ޳ЩɢӴơǹɫͺñȴ½۷һȺϡ


62 Х
ҶƸоԼܵףĿ˫֣ǹɲƣĴ̼ڶǵꡣ
֮߼Ĵڣ䱾ѹȻ͵޿ԿġƽҰ֮Ҳ¼֮֡һϻ࣬ԽһֻŵΪϻϻζ
֮ˡ˵ˣһҲЩͼ޳Բ˶ߣ
޲𻯾û˼ģֻеﳤӵǻۣͼޣƾһ߼ϵζͻᱻŵƨҲΪʲô֮¼ϵϽ⡣
ҶΪģһεѹɢȥеĻǣԶ˫һ̱ڵأǲͣĳ鴤ţԴſڵ֮ϣ̧ͷһ¡
ϰٻǣȻ֮ſȥһƬȻ˵Ƕô룬ܹ黹Ѹ١
ѩޱѾ̻ƣڿ˸Ž⣬ɢŹϢΧľʱ򣬾ȻֱӴסˣ˫Ҳɵͣ˶ôĿҶơ
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63 ѪԼ
ɵϡһרԼģרŸǩģ壬ĸڼҪıԾ͸һЩǿ޽һԼǡԼķǡ
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ڵȴĵҶͻȻ鲻˵ˣûһϢˣɵɻ飬ʲôҰ

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64 Ҳ
ǲХǵ˫֮һ˿ĺâҶƻûзӦͷһٶȳ˳ȥֻһӰ
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ˣ߾ˣģʱȥɣҶĻ̫ǵԴ̾Ϣ


65 ƴ
Ҷһתѩޱޱ߰ɡ
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66 ȸں
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67 ʮֹ
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һͨﾳСʿܹӵܹͨӵеķôʵԻһ¥ѾõŵӰҲ㹻ʵѡˣ
Ǵı߾Ҳżʱľ룬˾Ϊ˲ñ˷֣ҫ˽ǳأ˳ɶûб֪ԾҫҲ˻ɵͷ
ƻǧ޷ļƻۿԼֻҪߵҩܳɹģ˭֪ȴʱͻ
䣬ôϤ˿˿ֵĸо
ķӳǼģڿһԾѸٵĳҫŵķɽѸٵתǰҲԼʱ˿̵ĳ壬ԷȻôϢĽӽԼǾͿ϶ųԼʵܴһ˿
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˵ţ˻һֱӳֻԭһӰ


70 һ
ҶеƣЦá߻һ
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ѩޱҲѹȵΧ
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һУҶƲĸѩޱĲ۶̫ԶҲͨﾳʿȻнٶȺܿ졣
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ָ߻ߣɫʮֱ䣬һ˿ɫʣĻԵٻһ㣺飬㣬һ


71 һɱ
Ҷעν߻ӣʱ˿˫֮ȫŭʲô߻ӣʲô
ҶƱʲôûκιУȻڴ󣬵δڴܵκů෴ڸ䳰ȷ֮³ɳġ
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ಡ
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Ҷŵϵʬ壬ĨĨӡ
ȫסˡ˲ǸɫŮԼҸ棬Ժ֮ȫǸղŵ龰


72 ҵ
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ѩޱҵϣǶڵţôܼ֮еĻʼңûҶƲ֣ҲϵĽЩ£


73 پǨ
ҪٴıҲܲôˡȻڵҸͲǴĶ֣һ׼ʱֱ֮ϵ룬ʣµңûĹǵĿտӡ
߻ϲѩޱҪ׷˷һǰˣǸʱĻʵ۵һһֵĲ֢ʿܲ˵ҩҩԣټѰҽ޷缲һʱ䲡ä
ѩޱԽʥκˣǸʱ߻ӾһԹ۲⣬Ӵ֮һֲεϲѩޱ
Ժһ֮У߻ʱѰѩޱʱ粻ַһֱЦӭһʵǿ׵𻯾һǲװ
߻ӹ𻯾ǸոձɱˡȻ粻壬ǲòΪҿǣΪڲǶڵĴߣҵ峤ǵķ治ôһˡ
ΪѩޱȥбԶ߻ӵ飬û뵽߻ӾȻƻ顭Ԥ֮ˡȻ֮ǰҲƸ۵׼Ǹû뵽߻ӵĶô졭
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ҶƺԵľǴֹıȻкܶ࣬һҲʲôϾһ档
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û취һ֮ҪԷ
ΪѩޱԼȻǧϵӵܣ湻ݣ
ҶƵ˽Ϊѩޱٶ࣬أ
ҶƸĿһۣҲЦĿԼĿԣԶ˶Էе֮ɫ
ãҶƵͷͬ⣺׼ʲôʱжأ
߻ӵѶ̫ã׼վͳֱϵӷͳֻҪ˴ı߾ҪץûôˡͬʱЩЩϵĵӻϵͰǵնɣһ
ҲԼһ仰ȥҪǧΪ֮ѪЩ˴󲿷ֶò׾Ӫķ֧鲼˴ҵгСɲڣƾ۵ıɫˡ
һҪµĸЩʹֵܷأָµˡ
ӣĳЩ¾ӦñӣһʤЩӵĲ࣬ڶֵƿ˭Цδ֪
׼ȥҶɫǳʵֱϵӶҲǧˣô׼ȥﰲأҳڴĸ޸ĸƼ˰ɣ
Ҳ̾һ̾ѩޱǶ̫ҪΪһԸ⼸ĻҵôʱҲͨˣҪλߴţֹһǰļĻ켣ȥˬķһѾ׼ˣҶڲܼȥˣڴ߾Զһ츣أǡʺŸ׼¿ڵĴ죬öڵı־ٶ½


74 
ҶƱ˫ۣµƾʲôô˵ƾһ𻯾ʵΰɣѵҪڵһЩֱϵѪҲ͵
۹Ц֮һĵĹ涨ǵߴŶʢʱڵͷԼģÿһΪּ֮䲻ɵĻ๥Ҵ½ĺƽ
Ҷ֮ԱǵǶôᱻִѹ
ɫЩѿǾȻ˿ͷԼƻ涨Ѿǵ÷ЩϹŰ߲ˡ˵ҶڸͷţһСŶѣ֪Ҷֻ֮ôأǻһƲϵСŶô¾ǺϻҲĨӰɣ˵ϻţ˲١
˵ûκɾͶǳ֣һֹǵģߣЩϹŰǣʱǺܿɰȻߣЦ⡣
ڶģҶƽ˫ۣҳһ˿
ܿϧ̹ȻҶƵıӣƽˮ۾֮ûκβһʤȯյӡ
ûҾڶġ΢΢һ˿Ц⡣
ֻǿ㡭ҲҽⳡľأһģһУҵҵһУǧֱϵӵǵһУעǳɹڼз֮桭ЦˣЦĺܲãЦĺܷ
˿̾һ㾡ҲĶͽһ㣬һҶƴ֮Ŀκηɫ
̩Ȼǹ̩ȻɫҶЩͷ
ԽƽҶƾԽǷŲ
Ӧɡĵȫ˹¼ҹˣ֮ضûУܹڶȶҲǲС˼縺˶ڵΣ㲻Ҫһͬеô
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ŭǣҵļµļλӾȻڣȥ¥գʣҲһտǶѡҴСүҲȥУûȥ󼩲˵ĵ
µĶһЩСϺ׶ѣҴŭѸٷھĳţȴڼǰҴչҩĵǣֱϵȫ˳ȥ
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ļҵ׻Ƿǳģ鵤вʮŴռָ֮б٣ȫ㹻ǧϺܳһʱ䡣
һǧֱϵҲͨףǿͨŽףڰĻû̫ҪǹϷ˵۶֮ڵݻܿ࣬û˿ԹԣһɵȻ졣
ھɽ绹ﲼһʮǿƷ󣬲ò˵Ƶ軹ʮָǿġȻºһ¡

Ҷվɽ֮ϣϿڵĻȻɵ̾Ҷĵû룬ǵһߵĺǡȨաǧϵӣǺѪ
ЦһĿתĿҶƵܾӢ۸۵˰ɡ


75 ͨ
Ҷͷһ·һΣ˿˿䣬Եʮ
ҶɫͣڰĽŵԺ֮УһӴǣ飬ʹԶδĵһɾ
ˣҶڴﵽͨʮףڳͨƿҪͨһͨڴͨϢ
ʿͨľˮ֣ɶڱˮԵǿ󹦷ϱǽʩչǿޱȡ
ҶеıϢ˵һͨϸ˵ֻһ޵ľѣ㲻ͨķ롣ϢҪӴӴĳԵ˽ʵ廯ʵˣѹסˣͨٺòˡ
ϧ幹ͬ³Ϣȴǲܡ֮׿Խ֮ѾϢıһЩطԭڵȥΪάϢʹʿҲǰϢǰӵϢ
һ㲻صģҶӵѪ裬幹岻ͬͷȽϴһ֮⣬˵ȫһͷˡ
ʱ䲻ϵţĴƺףҶƵķʱͨʮףȴǽоȥָ꣬һ㣬չؾȻĹˡ
ʿڱչصʱڵĵļ֮ǰҶѾ㹻鵤Բм֮С
ꡭ
ҶͷðɫͷϿŵĹҲһʼͷСΪĴֺ״СʱҲˡ
ɫһðȻɶߣƺǴ̼ͷСǹٶȸӵѸˣתٶҲӵĿת֮䣬ٴûҶͷ֡
Ҷʹ֮ɫ˫ȭ𣬶ͷ֮ҲСκˮ˫ƺЩʹĽգ̲סһŭǺ
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ꡭ
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һαչôãо嶼Ҫ˰ҶƹЦҲӵİٶıչʱ˵գһ˲䡣
ŤŤȭͷ˻βӣҶƶڴʱ⡣
Ϣٺ١ҶĸоԼڵڷڣֻһϢȻԶϢĺԶҲǿͨˡ
еͨ᲻ᱻ˿أҶЦҡҡͷ

ʱĶڣӦòܳǶˣӦýɾ
ֵȷܳƨİ嶨ġһ˴ǵĶھȻתһɾôת仹ЩЦá
һƬϿʮĽҲѾ߹ģܶŷƴ󣬸ֻľʢ׵ƣЩɾζ
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Ҷһ顭顭ô
Ƭ̣ʶ֮оʹΪҸһôضԭ򣬲ȻһһֱѣֻҪһɡ
ҶƶЦͨٴθоԼǰЩ񾭵ķӳǺ治ǻôʱԣ罫ȹһɣ
ٺЦѵһλɣƾڵʵôҲܹˡȻôҾԸ
Ҷ䲻Ĵ˸Լǵġʹ࣬ʵǲٳһ飡
ǿ壬Ȼ°빦ҶƲǣҪƽʱһŬʹ࡭
ģʹġȻԻǾһʵЦΣվҶԡ
ҶƵĸͷ㰫ˣĸͷȻ¡ϻģ˿˾͸оСһ
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Ҫ


76 Բ
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ʱɾĸ涼ѾһӦȫˣӾסɽȫ޽ϡȻɾֻռŷԲʮȸСȫڵɾʵҲܹȵһĶŵġϾĶڵ̻ڣᱻһСɱȥġ
Ƿܹ꣬СǧڵıѰãǱĿ޸ʮ꣬ɾʵضᳬԽţһ֮УȻŻһĲ࣬ƾ趾ڴǰô๦Ҫ»ָߴŵҫϣġ
ץסʱ֪ǰãȻǾǻٵҲԼߵõġ
ҪǣβܽȳԼûʵ
˻һ㣡
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ŭĳȥŭҶСӣҵǧݸ
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ʮˣｨĹȻȻͬˣʮǰһƬԭݵɽʯϿȣѾ˼ɾˡҶҡͷ
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Ҷ֮ͻȻһ˿ˣˣޱ
βסЦޱڱչذɣҪͨܲһ򡭡ƻҪһʱܳء
ҶƿյԴƺʲôὫ̽ռָ֮УһһװμСӡ
ǶƷҩ˵ֻǶƷҩǾǶƷҩ֮еľƷˡܹޱͻͨﾳͰתɡ
ŶɨһҶеĺӣΪʲôҪתѵ㲻׼Լ͸
Ҷչһ¸첲ȣЦҪȥһôһȥƱҪܵһЩӰ죬ͻƹؿǲ׼Ϣߣӻת
ɫĽǸӽӹⵤҩǴŪģ񲻻ɣ
Ҷƽöҩ磬еˡ
ãȥɣҼŽǳ̨ģ͵
ҶƵͷжʮҾŴ˰ɣһ֮ǰģȻɾҵҾͲֲܣƾޱݣҲһֱﵱԼļң
ͷĿҶƵӰʧԶ
ӣȷ֮ޱһƬʵ⣬ҿ˶ж갡ῴеСӣЦ


77 ר
ֻԼǰЩʱգѩޱչصʱֽһƷĵҩƷҩͨ
ͨ˼Ƿ¼ɾֽͨ߳ɹʵҪõööࡣ˵Ʒҩޱȣ绹ЩСǮġ
ϾѩޱԺǰ;ֻһСˡ
Ľӷռָ֮УҶһʲôȻԼûзöޱģǶġ
Ȼ󣬵ԼҪѩޱ
ҶѸٵĳϿⱼϮţһ·ɾĵӶҶƴкҶҲһһӦš
ҶƿɾĴʦ֣ЩȻɻ֪ΪҶͨʵʦ֣һǲʲôԹԵġ
ҶƽҪ߳Ͽȵʱһü۵СǰסҶƵĵ·
ʦ֣ٺ٣ü۵Сӱȭģ˸оܲ
ҶüʶҲʶȴ֪ΪʲôΪ赲סԼȥ·
ǸʲôҶƻ˵
˺ٺһЦֵǴʦ֣ʦܣʦʦдһ¹֪ʦֿϲָʦһأ
ҶȻʧЦҪҲİ
ҸгôҶɷµıֱۣʵ
һ㶣Ǻܿת˹ʲôгûʦ˵ЦֻҪʦдһ¶ѣʦֲָĻ
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ɫһϲû뵽СôˬʹӦˣթϾʮǰֻ߽ͨףھͨҲһףԼô˵ͨﾳҲʮˣԳҪҶǿĶġ
˺һһĽȫ˸ѣȻСǴ˿ȴչֳһҷ緶ĸо
ƽָͻȻˣһǿҵ쭷糯ҶϯȥָʵһֱֱҶƵؿڡ
һ£ֱӻ˿żЩƿ֮ҶƲȥ
ҶƵĿŶ֣Ҳͨ׵ʵӽģȴﵽԼϣǶԷʧˣ
Ѹ͵һָҶƿȴ©ٳ˵ԼѾͨǵͨﾳʱҲܹܶԷ
ȲѣһָԲǸǵãǸְҲ׵ƿû뵽ҶԴСӾȻûκζѵŵöô
ˣɾĴʦ֣
ҶƶԼ弫ΪţŵͲҪȥֵ
ۣ
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ҶϷʵĿˣ˵ָؿûָȴһĻţȻѾۣ
ԹԴ͸ƵģȻûлԹƻǴ͸һһģ
ҶƷ·ֵûУֻƽվǰļҲûн
ָʹʹɫ˲ŤҲ㷴Ӧ죬Ѹջֻ֣һֻѸٵҶƵס
˲һȴ쳣ҪҶһĶ⣡
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ž
оԼ˶ɾתˣڿת˼Ȧһֻߵķһڵ֮ϡ
ӻģ˰߸ߣͬͷһ㣬ǿҲѪ
һƣϣ֮֮볯ҶкҲôݣ
Ͼͬţͷ̧ͷȴĴҶеŭ
ҶЦĿŵϵˣаʦܣĹǲҰ˵һŲĶ棬Ӵֱӽµɽʯѹùѿ
໣
˲ҽһʹŶӴһѪ
ʦֽ̽βܽõϣҶƵЦħһ㣬˲˵ٴμȥ
飡
ÿһŶ˵ĸ̲סٴѪͻ赹ڵءֻнûгҲɢȥǱһ
ҶƲмЦһһŽ߷ʮԶ漴˦˦֣һͷļϿȥ
˰ΣһɫӲŴԱɽʯ߳ŭĶŵϵˣ˫ȭյġ
˲мһڣҲˣת̤ȥ


78 Լս
ߵɾϿȿڣѾƴɼͨﾳĵţм˼
ϿȿڴѾһ޴ʯסʯĥĸԾĴɷĿ棺ɾ
ʦ֣ŵļӼæҶƾϹȻǹʵûжٹζ
ҶҲԼʦǱʱģײĵֻΪԼǿŸѩޱĹϵŵԵõλãΪԼֻһͨﾳԾĶ㣬⻹һЩߡ
ҲʲôЦеĶԼ˻˻֣Ҫȥ
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һĴҶҶûлͷƾֱӦڽԼ
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ԣ㣡ǸĳҶÿһϾͻɢҪʵʵϢӴ־ˡ
Ҷ겻ѣ˵ʵȵ쳽ڵĵ̻ǲô׾ĥġѾûĶڣŲٵŵġ
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ꡭ
ЩŵӵԼ˵ƺųı֣羴ǿÿӵȻЩųѡ
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Ҷ治ɫЦſŽɫȴ϶һ£ΪѾоˣ̶ֳȵĹƺԼɲʲô˺


79 İ
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ʱڽնѾϾҪҶƵĲĽз·Ҳնϣ˿ҪѾˡ

ڽնȴھҶʮ״赲ס޷ѹһ˿
Ҷ赲סԼĶͫ˲
赲סԼڽն񽣵ģȻֻһָ
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Ҷ͵һ˵һںѪǱӲֹסˡ
ڽն⡭Իý󣡡һƺеڽնҲ·ƮҶǰ
ŶйŹ֣Ҷ죬ȴǲҴ⡣
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ٶȼ죬һ֮Ѿʮڽն񽣵ĲӰһ˲ϰٽҶƵԴȥ
Ҷȴɴ䲻˫ѣǧ޺һѸٵڽµһ̽ķɣٶȾȻ˿

ÿһƾͻᱩǼ֣֪ƺȼĽ䣬ǲν䣬ԶǱҶƷƵĵ˻ȥ
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Ҷ۾ڽնԻý֮ҵһյѸٳ֣һȭؿڡ
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һȭȻƽ̺ǿƥΧĿռҲЩ
Ӧ죬Ҷʧɲͷӳ˹嶯ϣֻܽڽնٴעƺڻһεĽɫ壬˲䵲ı

һȭݺݵĺڽն棬âڽն˲ЩĻɫ
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ҶƵջȭͷӸµĿƮƮԺ㶼ȥɧҵޱˣǶԼ
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֧ӴĽ⣬ͷҲðΣһǼģҲǿһǿ̶ÿռΪ֮ݣ
ţҶôǿҲһֵôԹǴ͸ǿĹȻʵġ
һܵĳεɢܵʯɻҳҲӳ˴Ƭѡ
Ľɫ޽һ㣬ŭĶҶơơ޽ɫѾʻƣʱԳ
Ҷ۾ߵ㻹ǲ˽֮ĲడʵôҲգİɣ
˵ţҶ΢΢ſ죬һš
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ʱ֮ӻ֮ľʹ޷͵һѪɬҸĲô
ΧЩŵĵҲѾԹȥ˵ģҿֻܵһ˿ĲȻǿ֮ûֱѪܲˣ


80 ٳ
ɾϿȿڵһڿлһӨĹĻֳʾģǸոҶһûԹȥ˵ĳ
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Ļ֮УҶƵΪģһ޴ϯȥǿƾȻùĻҲһȡ
죬ʯ
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Ļʧջеİ׹⡣һ¶ͷ̾ϢʮȥˣСӸ˸һʵȻǿˣ

ҶҲԼĿĿĵĸ·ȻѾӦѩޱȳȻҪŬһҲܷɡ
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81 вŮ
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ԼԹñˣӷŭĶҶƣӺ޲һڽ̵
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82 ̰ɫ
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ҶЦߣΪΪʳЩ;˵ģˣ˵ţʱ֮Ťһ£һâ˲䳯̨ȥ
Щʿһ޾ɵԱߣͻȻ̨ҫ۵Ľ⣬һһæԼķһĿ̨
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ȻǸɷʿڲԶ̰Լ
Ҷ˦˦֣ĺȵҪ˺㣡
ʿһ㶣æ˺˼ǷĿ겢ԼʱҲǴһոҶƵʵǿ
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ʿҲߣͨĽ׵ʵͽȻдڿ͵ػһԲȦЦҶƵ档
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һͨĽ׵ʿܹһͨķͷѾǲˣҲֲ˷
ȴˣһͨķȻҶһ飬ӵȻǿ׾ٵɱԼ
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϶֮дʿĽк
ҶƲ˫͵زʯߵĵ֮ϣһ˿ЦһһȻҶ˫֮ʱ䣬ضڲ
СӡҪʲôԶһݴʿ䲻Աߵˡ
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Ҷ˫۳죬ֻоޱ޼ʵľ˫֮ӳӲƴһ
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Ҷ˫ĵطʯ鿪ʼɶҶäţɲϵĳŴطڣ˶ˡ
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ط֮дһҵĲҽ漴ؾͺһһɻҳð
ط泹׻ָΧ۵ʿ嶼ҵĲǽԶΪҶƵֶζеη塣
ӡһʿĴһ漴ԶȥʵڲٸҶ˶һ롣
ģֱǹﰡһʿҲĳԶ߷ȥǵ֪ڷ仯ıҲҪȥܰ
˴ͷʮʿһ˿֮ҲʱɢһͬɢѵľʧСԶʩչԼƽٶȳԶȥԸޣҲԸҶֹ
ҶƲмЦЦҲûȥ׷ϣֻĬĬĿǵӰʧʴ
һȺ
ҶҡҡͷܣֱúõһƬȻԼٳˣĴǲҰܵǽڣѿС϶ʮкܶѵĵǽ棬ԲǧףѾûһˡ
ЩԭľЩ˴֮ѸٵˣסڶٳǵûһƲ磬ڶٳ־һĴʵټһ׷ھôܸѸٵܣ˻
Ҷνʼ磬ԼԭĳԣԼ˿ѾҪˡΪ𻯾ռָŶѻɽ鵤


86 ·ƽ
ٳǷǳȻһλٻ˲෽ԲǧֻǶٳǵıɽһǶѣԶԶҶҲĳŶٳȥֵĵط
֪Լûа취շе飬ҶʵһĻ䣬ǲòϣԼڵʵ֮ͬ׵ʿҪǿ̫ˡԼµıһӶܹⵤ˱˸еġҶƶ˱ȱ˼ۡɾҲעԶˡ
Ϊʱʱ̶̿ԼϵĵӵķɾȳСǧռѷߣһԼӡļ䣬ɱħѰ塭⼸һͲҶƿɵġ
ȷŬ̿
Ҫȥʵ
νߵҶӦ

ô̵˰죬ԽƶߣҶĵ˶ٳǵ
ǿʿ̤շţ·ߵĵڸּۻţһжôĺг
Ƕٳһ򱻳֮Ϊ֮ǣĻǲɱģ˭ƽг֮»İӿأ
ſңһŭĽҶƲĿ
ֻһɴŮڱһĴץסŮʵףȻͨ׵ʵŮӷɫȴ·赭дľͻˣ˿ֲ
Ůһձĵڵص꣬ŭѪŮӱץסǴһȥ
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ɫâ˫֮䣬ŭĳǴ˦ȥ
ɫâڿмѸٵڴ汬ը޴󣬾Ȼֱüڵ˲ȵڵϡ
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Ǵ͵תͷݺݵĵ꣬СӲû뵽ȴһٶ
Ǵһɾĵۣмֳ֮⣬ϹŵЦԵø룬һĿɢޡ
ҶӵۣͻȻһԴⲻȺŵĵôȺŵˣ
Ǵһƣ̺űĻ˲ٴνķɣؿһĺӡ
һѪĵȥͨĽ׵оȻ˲һ
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˵ţҶ˻һ⣬˲䳯Ǵ󺺱ȥǴɻĻعͷӭҶƵȭͷǴ󺺱Ҷһȭ˳ȥ
ŮĴ֪롣
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ŮӴһҲҶƣͳǴ󺺳˹ȥôˣû°ɣ
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ǴҡҡͷվһץסŮӵļ򣬶ŮӵǶ㻹Ҫ뿪𣿡
Ůĵ˵ͷ
һŭ͵վŭҶƴʲô£ȳһƣ
˵ţһӭ˹̺֮žҵĸ£˲ܻһ޴ĻƣҶĹ
ҶһƵٶʵ̫ˣֻ֮յıܹˣҶƵĸ첲ǱƲһЩ
ҿҶƴͨķ㣡ˣҶҲеһ͸ǵĸ£ѹͷڻ
Ҷըֱըһݡ
Ҷƶͷ亹ȺŵͬһˣֶΣԶʿ
ԼԼķˣʲô£ǴҲǿҶֲŭ
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ҶͷߵԭأŮҲԭίͨԲ鷳ˣȷʵķˡ
أҶɵɵָǸŭ㶵
ҡʦ֡ɴŮͷøˣ̵Ӵ󲻵ȥ
һŭĵ꣬ȭͷ߬ĽģƺҪˮ
Բʵǡܲˡ㡭ŮӬҪС˵ģɫˢһº͸ˡȻǳСҶȴ


87 սʹ
Ǵ󺺵ɫʱҲ㶵˵
ʦãߣǸ޺޵ǴһۣǶ־Ҫߡ
ֹԼ˵ֱţһŭҲˡ
Сӣҹķ֮УͻȻҪȥ§ǶļдŭѣһųűѵĻƾͺݺݵؿڡ
ûзٴε˳ȥɫࡢ˲ֱò԰ףһѪ̲סٴ˳
ƣǶǿŰҺܰ㣬ܲ㣡㣬Ҫ˺ˡ
ɫһѪ죬ȴʲôҲ˵ֱַ̧ȥƺһܼľ
ˣ߰ɣε̾һ˭Ĵ۵֮пһĨ
ǶæҪ¹򣬱ֹסˣ̾һ߰ɣһҸ棬СʵôǸܱģ
ǶĻ˵ʲôæǸҲƵܳȺ֮С
ţһɣΧȵʲôѵӵЦȤ
ΧЩʿʱɢڴ˶ͣһ롣
ָҶƵܲˬ㿴еʵҴһ˵ţ˲䲻֪һɫĳԦŷ˸߿ա
Ҷε˦˦ͷĶȻҲģǣڸͲɡ
ǣҶֻܷٵڵϱٶ֮죬Ȼ˿֮շеơ
ƴҶڶٳƣһҿΪΰĽǰ棬ɽ۾žԶҶƣ͵û뵽Ȼ֮ƾܸϵҵٶȣΪʲôƻô
Ҷƴʱ˿̺ЦΪƲˣûУ
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ǸȻʶƵģæȥٰˡ
һǸ˶Цɣһеĵطɿɣ˵ţǸǰ棬ƿ˿ҶƣҲ˹ȥ
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˽һܷڣһȥҶƹϵıһ
濴ûʲôֵģȻǱж죡һܷӾȻƽ״С߶ҲߴʮףһСء
ǸԺķȫǲõͨ˵ķƣǾԷſֽս
Ƶ˵ͷʾǸȥǸҲʶĹ˳ȥ
չһ壬˫۳սҶƣɣʹʹĴһսʹ죡
ҶƵȱ𼱣ȸȥ
ûҶ˵꣬ƾ͵س˹һȭҶƵϡ
磡
Ҷӱһ´ɳȥԶԶķ˺üײͣ
ҴһȻҽЩ㣡ƺ˵ţ͵س˷һҲĳҶƵͷ¡
ҶƲ˲ǣģȻ͵Ϯ˵ţ˻һͷޣ͵ĳȥ˫ȭһǳĵ֮ϡ
ҶӲУƲûоʲôףӼĶ־ĻϢŨƵ˲ֱӡ
ҶԽսԽ£ȭͷĵڳ棬ʹóĻϢϵĶȻҶƻӷĲϺˡ
Цʹ죡
˵ţ͵лһһӴĻ˫ֽ߸ӭҶƵ˫ȭĳƣÿһƶܻ֮һԼƵľ޴ƣ粻ѡ
飡
һ֮壬ҶƸоڱʴ˹ų⣬ʱѾֽס˼ĳһҶؿȥ
ҶͨķҲǲӲһ˲һתŲȥ
۹һתĹ֮лΪʱȻĻҶƵȥѸޱȡ
Ҷƴʧɫû뵽ƵķӦ֮죬ʱ˿ҪѾˣû취ֻ෴ķȥϣܹһ˺
ͣ
һһҶ䣬ֻǡâ䴫һʹʹҶǰ͵һڡ
ģӵͨҶƱߵĺ
һ֮û೤ʱͨѾϵˡ


88 ս
˫͵һɣȫԼһʵģѾȷҶϴŷͨķǿķҲסһȲ˵ԼѱսǿɳɳͨԼҲ߽ͨ׵ʵԷһͨһ׵ʵѡ
СӹйŹ֣ƴһлĻӰϵҶƵ塣

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Ʒŭѣսٴлһ£һĲӰٴμҶȥ
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Ҷ˫̺Ӵס˫֣ۼֿĳıսȥ
һСҪôȻӲԼıսֻдһ£ûҪָһ
֪жȥ˱սһЩʹԼԽһ磬ҶƽӲסԼҲʱսջ

սĻƺһ͵ĻҶ
أ
ҶͻȻһܵһ㣬˫Ÿһ̻Ƶĵذ֮Уû뵽˽㡣
Ƶıս۶ôվ޷ٳȥһˡΪҶѾĽס˵У
⡭ƲŵȻֽܹסǿһһΣԼʵ˻ɡ
Ҷǿһ˿Ц˲ԼúܣոһȻϱԼסǵĻȴֱƿԼķԼ֮ڣͬʱܵ𵴣˫һͲȥ
ڻʹȻǻѸٵıڵǹ𣬵ȴǷַ޸ɵġ
ҶͻȻоһѸٵĽǿѪȥǻϢһ˿
áһҶһ죬һѪѹֲסһ
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ȥҶ̲סĻ˼£ջǿ֧סˣ˲ǣ¶һ˿Цʵȷǿ
ĬȻԼһ˰˳ɵʵ˵ԼʵȫʩչԽҶƴ򵹡ؼǣҶƸûκηҲûκͨķȫ
ҲǿһܹԿᡭƾ˫־ܽסˡ
ҡǽסˣҶЦЦһƨ˵ϣһȥķԼʹ֮ÿһϸܹƽ
Ҹýʲô壿ҶЦơ
壿Ʋ˼ָԼ𾪵ʲô˼ôҿëʢһѣҽʮ꣡
ʮꡭҶʼ磬Ƶ޻˵ѵֻʢһ㣿ֹһ㰡
ҽһ°ɣҶƣɾĵӣأ
ƵȺŵĵӣһ֮еĴʦ֣ơɾȴû˵Ҷֲ֪ĵطʵίˡû˵꣬ͻȻúӴЩӣһӲҪԭʢȻȫУ˶
Լеĺ룬һ仰Ҳ˵ֻĬĬĵۡ
ҶƸоû죬ɻתͷͻȻͬ˸ģһ㣬Ѿڣȡ֮ǰ׾ӡ
ʵƳҲ֮ǰ̫ЩһȥͦģȻοһЩ
ǡԭһֱǼٺӰҶЦͬʱƹ°ͣƤϸ
ͻȻܷڴһɱĽƼӳֵǽھȻ赲סһҽС
ӵĺ룡
ֱӳң쳹ͽ֮ڣ˶ȵܣԴ

ҶƵļ򣬵ʲô˵ڿҪǰ˧Ķడ
̾һһƨҲ˵ϣʹץͷǶҶȥҶĺҲң
ҶһƵҲһҲʱŵ˰ɣҴͷ˵һ£ܲܰﵽЩʲô


89 Ϊֵ
˿˫ĿʼΪҶƽԼĹ¡
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ԭƱȺ֮ӣһǱȺ˵ʱűΪѡԺҪʹõķսɽҪķ׻
ʱĸҲȺŵټʦΪרһöıʵĵҩƷҩ𵤡
𵤸ڷȥ𻯾֮ǰԵĹӸϸıʣʹø׽ܺͲٿػ档
ʱƷȥʱûκ״һж˵Ԥ֮ڡ
ƾʱʼУûйκ˵ʮʱ򵽴ͨﾳʮףװ׼ѾõĴ׻սҲܿĽЩһöͨ˳ͨ
ͨҲѾʮͣҲѾˣ֪ȻŮ֮һ˿ȶ
һ͸ƲסʵȥԼĸףһааʹȱǿܶ౶ķҲüǿҪаҪͨŮ֮йȥȻаͻᷴɣ˱
ҶɫüΪ죬˷ۣƣĵĵһ١
Ƽæһ䣺ⲻңаѹֲסҲܺߣ
ȺſɣôȥаŮ飿鴫ȥҲҲΪԼӵæýͷöôѹֲסǹаҲΪ˲㱬
û취֮ԼӵʮҪģϵҪȥ׷ŮΣֻҪܹйȥаͺá
ʲôݣǿȺŵ˵һŮӣʮһٸҲŶӵȺѡ
Ƶ۹⻹ʮ޵ģòһ۵ŮӣаҲȻеȥйǡ
˵ƵɫҲСϾаѹסĴ̫࣬ʱһҲΣǡŮܲˣֻѡ֡
ҶɫͻȻĹѹסԼЦ⣬廹нĲš
ģҲȦƲǳԶҲǲˡô˵˵йԸȥ
ǶҶЦʵ
ǶҲΪԭ򡭡ƵɫüΪΣ漴ŭǸСǶҷҪͷ鲻ɣ
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ҶεЦЦʲôʢᣬȷʵ˿֪ʵɶѡ
ǰЩʱվʶ˹ǶദҲмˣΪʵǿܹܵң˭֪˵ţɫٶȳȥ
Ҷз̰ѣѾôʣʲô˲㡭
ƵĹ£ҶҲЩ飬ĸԼԴĵҸȻͬҴСһؤڴ۶ͷǣҿ˻֮ˡΪʲôŪ˰
Ҷ̾һ˭һ֮а˶᣿
ԼĿ׷Լɽ㣬˭֪ѩޱɽɶȴѾϵˡִʵˣ
֪ҵļ䲢Ҷ˵˵ţͻȻЦ˫۳졣ָԼԴƺҵļ䲻ҾȻ˷ӡ˼䣡
˭ֻһСؤѣΪʲôҪӡҵļ䣿ҶЦЦţ˳
ԼǣʲôǣҾȻʧȥԼļ䣡ҶƲ˵ĲỨеķŭһȫ߳
ȻĬĬĿһ۷ѵҶƣͻȻһͬĸо
ҶֵܣȻ飡㲻ңԽһ磡ƴСȱֵܣ˱ϷŪˣֱҶƵ˫ۣ
ҶƵҲƽȥۿ֮еỨЦ˼Щˡ
磡ҶϵĿƵҲûֵܣûѣ磬϶ˣ
úúãֵܣһ§סҶƵļ򣬴ЦЦЦţҲƲס˳Ҫ֪СҪԸΪƧܹϵĹȺѣãҲûԸֵܡҵһԼͬ˺ϵĹȺˣҲ˵
аô룬а취ġҶƵʶ֮Уĵ̾Ϣ


90 ɱ
ҶԴ˵һ죬æе׷ʵ飬˵ôа취ֻа𣿡
ĺһһ꣬ЩȻѲҵģһΪĲ֮Ϊ𵤶µԱԭ򡣶Ȼֲ֢θΡ
ҶдϲȻ϶ֵܣȻҪиܹͬͬﵽƵģҶƾԲġ
磬룬а취а𡣡ҶϹ΢ЦĿơ
Ʊ˷˲ùŹЦŴҶһȭСӱοˣӶ޲ߵĲ֢ʲô취ĪѰҿô
ҶЩɫ˵ģа취κа𣡡
ƿҶƲ˵ѣɫҲЩȻһͨһ׵а취Ӧ𻯾޷ӦԵ⡣
Ҷֵܣô飿ɻʵ
ҶƲĴڣܡæһѻɾ֮ҲֹɾŸκˣƫҲŴҵġ
û˿ɣصĴҶƼһȭЦѣֵܣҵĸǣκңԺҵ飡岻ݴǣ
ˣܹﵽ磬Ҳ˷ܵúܣҶЦվ
ˬʵĶ˶ϵĵۣߣȥʶһҶٳǵʢᣡûվʢῪʼʱ䣡ϲʲôߴ磬綼
治ȺŵȻ˲ƴ֣ҶưԵࡣ
ƽҲʮ꣬Ҷƴ˶ʮңҶƵԼĵܵһ㰮ҶҲƵ˴硣
ãȻô˵СҲ飡ҶЦ
˵ЦĴ򿪷˳ƽԿ׽˸ˣҽɫƬ˦ǸǵĵذŪ˼飬ҪǮҿϿ۳ͺá
Ǹ𾪵ĿˣֻԼǸƼӳֵķжǿǿ߽ͨ׵ķ
뵽Ⱥŵ˾ȻˣֵʲôҲȻġ
ƴǹĸнӹƬӽԼĿռָҶһǰһ߳ߴĽ֮С
ҵһҿΪõס˾񣬵ڶһ磬ҶƽƵҶƶԼܷе飬ҲͨһЦ̤ԼıսͬʱҲҶ˹һշС
սȫ㹻̤棬õĻʲô顣
ѸٵĳĿĵطȥһ·Ϻܶʵ׵ǿҲһ·ȥμˡ
ƷٶǼģԶԶĽ˦˺档ʿȻһֱ׷ֻܸƨɺԻҡ
볬ԽңߣԸɨһǵĹâЩǱ˦ʿʵȷ˴ö࣬ͳһ㣬ҲʸԸ
ҶĽĿһƣ̾Ϣʲôʱܸһ֮ϣǾˣ
֮ǰҶҲ߹Լר飬෨ҲҶеΡ
Ҷֵһ콾𻯾Ȼ̤գⷨưο
ҶƹһЦл缪ˣ
ıսѸٻһɫĻ⣬ѸٵĽӽһ޴ĽҶԶԶ⽨λò˴ɣ̻Թŵƣʱ͸һȻڼƾõǰֹΪǿĴڡ
Ԧŷ˴˷ͣ£߽ȥҲ⣬Զ䣬˱սҶƱǸһЦ˼ҶֵܣﲻʿֱӼԦŷ룬ҪȥֻʵʵĲУǹء
Ҷνҡҡͷ˵ű㽫Ŀת˴֮ϣһ档
ɱ
ĸȻɵɷд棬ƺ̺ǿΧϢ²ҶֻԵһоһƬ֮ȻǾܵ˴ˡˣòĿתһԡ
ƷҶƵ쳣ЦɱȺڶٳµһתվĴдģ̺ҶӲ˶á
ҶȻû뵽ȺȻӵǿʵѾֻ֮У
֮ҲԶӣȻܹ͸һ


91 ѹᱦ
߽ɱ֮ڣѾڶʿڴ˵ȺǽʶƵģһּæǷ񣬽ŶһƣȻɱ֮С
˽쵽˶¥֮ڣͳԿΪ˴ţ˽ȥ
֮һصĴ̻Ÿӵơͨ˿Ŀһ¥̨ϵľ󣬶ȴ岣龰
˵רΪЩ׼ĵط
һ仰˵æȥһЩ㣬ĺܾ£˺θڡ
ҶƺݺݵһĭĿվһԵĸˣٻͷ˿ơ
ҶƵ˼æֵȥɣҪҵֵιһɱᣬλֵܿʲôҶҪˣ
ǸһҲȣһ͹˳ȥ
Ҷһֵߵλϣһץһģһ³ȥ
ǰСؤѣǺʿҲֻ鵤ӣﳢζһӸһСͽҶƵĶӡ
ﶮʲôƷζţĵһţһСֱȥǶ͹˽ȥԷ֮δưư졣
ĿɿڴĿҶƣû뵽ҶֵܾȻͬһ㡭
ЦˣǰûƷζ֪ûˣҶưͰ͵ơ
żҶƵҲǸе겻ѣæſڵߣȥ׼ĸˮ
ȻЩȻܹƴЦ
̴̵ĸˮӶĶҶƿ˫ð⣬߸̲߳סĴ
Ҷֵܣԣû˸ƴ˿̾һһĿҶƣʮ¶įڸоԼ˼С
ҲҶƽһݸơ
ЦſҶһۣǲԸЩζĶģҶƵݸģűĺˣӹ㣬Уһ
ῪʼˣٳԣҶƵļָ̨
ҶȤĿ̨һǰ͹̵òŮӣ͹µķˣڳ˸еСӿŮӵһһЦ̨µƺҲƶ
Ů˲ӿռָ֮һСƿӣЦŶ˽ܵϵȵҺԽȥͨﾳʿʹã׼ʮö鵤
̨˶ʧĵͷȥͨʿͨﾳʿٺ١
ҲԲûУ¾мͨﾳʿھۡ
ʮһö鵤һͨﾳʿı˼۸
ңżһ鵤˼ۣ治Ӷˣӳʮö鵤һҡȵʿվЦ
ȴ˸ΪӵĿ⡣
ʮö鵤
ҳʮö
ҺϾֻһСˣһϴ˵θڣʮö鵤ļ۸һͨﾳʿȥ
ŮӲŲæ˶ɤҺĹߣȻ󲻻ŲæٴͳһƷ
ҶԾûȤ˻ȥȴζĿţһ߿һߵҶֵ𼱣ʵĻںģ˵μѹĿɶѵһıϣ
ҶƷ˷ۣȵѹʱҰɣ˵ż̻ʵĳŸ㣬ֺ
ݱĽţŽȻϡıﱻоȻмͨķһЩѵõĹϧҶƶЩ̫Ȥ
𣡡
ڼӵĽк֮Уӭ˵һεĸ߳
ŮӾһεСӣĴ򿪣Ķ˳𾪲ѣ
ȻһصֱۣӸһ򿪣ǹɱɱǿֱ֮ϱ˽ơܽеƶɢ
ҶڳŸ㣬ͻȻоаħұķ͵һ£漴ޱ޼ʵĿУʲôٻԼ
æվŮõСֱۣԴ֮Сˡһ£һƬհף
ħ֫Ȼħ֫û뵽Ȼһħ֫
֮ǰҶյĲ֮һħֱۣ֮⣬ֻǣſԳɾаħұۡ
Сӣõ͵ĶҶƵ
˵ҶĨĨͣ˫֮г˰Ķ־߬ȭͷ
ڴʱɱ֮ͻȻӴƣѹ˵顣ҶһϸϸĸӦšɱȻвǿʿĿȻǰħ֫


92 ෽
ŮС̨һȦְҵԵЦݸɤһسʿ֫壬Ӧұϵһز֫塣ȻܾãǻȻԾɳǿ˵ϸоĵϡعƣҲһλɵĳǿϵ֫壡
˵꣬ŮЦŻһܣּʿɴ۾ٵĿԼûǴ˴ɱһѹı
ʿϵ֫壡ǿ󰡣
Թʿ٣ҲǼλÿһλԼǾ޵еѾ͸˵ϣµÿһ缡ž춯ص˭ȡһЩоûܹ
һ£˭óǿˣҴȡһƤ
ûˣ
ɱȺţ˵Ļͬ϶һ㲻˵ҲᷴڣȻȺˡʹкܶʿ˼Ķ
˵ǳ֫壬֤һʿüͷʵֻͨ޷֤ǵ𻯾ʿķ֣̺֫ĵϸҪԶԶʤ
⻰ҲʳͨʿʡϾǵд󲿷һôЩƲĵǿԾһ¡
ŮЦݲ䣬֫ǾȺŵĸλϹͬᶨģȷΪ֫ɣ滹λô
žһļž
ȻŮ̧ȺţǾ˵ⲻ˵ŵˣǳֱۣ
Ҷ߬ȭͷϸϸĸӦЩǿϢһǺܻᶮ̣ͷųɲǾͽջأӦƲסеļ¡
ôҶֵܶȤƴ˿ҲЩΣ֮ǰ»˵ҶϲĶ򵽡ᶼҶûһϲĶͨķǿĹǾƷĵҩҶͻȻôһֱôȤʱҲţΰ
ʵǸ鷳ˣұҪõ۸ʲôۣСһѣҶƳϿҵ֪ԼóȻпܻᱻǿʿϣ򲻻ᡣ
˭ɵ˼Ҽ˼ңһȺŵ
ƴֵЦЦڳһѹƣ͵ش˸ָߡ
壬ʲô֫Ҫˣ
һ㶣æЩ֮ǰô˵һ۵ĶûУΪΡ
ϻ˵Ҹı˲ôȥ͵һۣһȵĻӱǿ֮
һ£æΨΨŵŵӦһæȥˡ
ҲһЦƵαطõСȻм
ҶһѣЦ˵ʲôأǿֵܰ
ɱһڣһĿȵĿ̨ħ֫ϲѵܸоȵǱõ
һһȫûںɫ֮µɳƵɤЦܵõҵʵֻᾫ٣
ϵǿߣ˲䶼Ŀ⼯ħ֫棬һֻŮӱͼۡ
Ůӷ·еĽȣͦͦ˵ز˵ɤ׼Ʒҩö
˻
һʱ˶һƷҩǷǳصˡһöƷҩм۴Լٵһǧ鵤ҡöƷҩǾöʮö鵤ļ۸񰡣ЩʵǿſԸʵġ
ȻÿŶԼרʦļ۸ȴ
ͨƷҩһ֣öͨ˼һٸͨ
ȻǰǱһٸͨʮ׵ʿΪ۸ҲǸߵˡ
Щѹֲסʿ˲ͷųԼƣŮеСӡôӴʹˡԷȺţҲ壡
أأأ
ǿ屬ըǿʱֳ̨ӴĿڶѹһʯ޷Ϣ
ͨʿһЩһ£Щͨﾳʿֱɫ԰ףۿҪΪϢ֮ˡƲŲ˻ȥ
ʱһ
òʮƽߣ԰ף˿κι֮ȻǸղĿʵĻ
Ⱥŵ𻯾ǿ߿أӴݶʱһЩ͵ʵõ˷ͷӣҲû


93 ໥
д֮ڵ˶ͷҪĻЩڵˣֻǲʵ
ôõĶȻҪĿȥ治ǸζһͨʿҰҰ졣޸п
㵹ҪҲǸʵһʿƤЦĴӺһơ
ӶЦȷħ֫ĹǸֻԹۡ
ǳһᣬһҵȳۡ
Ʒҩаһö쳣ƺǲ׳һ룬Ȼ̽˵̬ȡ
аƷҩ֮бȽϴεĵҩҪЧһиӰ죬ʲôʲôӰ죬ԶԷ´˵ָԭ״̬
һöаôأƷҩƷװҲһ˿Գġ
Ʒҩ絤һʮһöһҲǲĸԼļ۸Ҫ˵絤Ʒҩ֮Ϊߵĵҩˣ֮һʱԼٶȰٷ֮ʮõĶˣԷʲôԵļܸĻһ군
ҶƽŵƣƷҩв٣֮ȴźܴࡣλ𻯾Ŀռָ֮ڽɻƷҩҲͼʮöѣǫ̀
ȴһӣƺѾʤȯˣûôע⣬ʱֻҪȱ˸ߵֱãȺŵĵ̣ΪСΪѡ
ߣ絤ֶǾȻ˼ǫ̃治Цһ֮Ĵһ漴ļ۸񣺡ͨһö
˻
̨ʿٴγһû뵽˳ͨƷҩΪĵҩȻֻһö˭ֵҪȫʤһһʮö絤ˡ
а˽Զɫһû뵽˽۸񳶵ͨϣĵҩûʲôˣеֻһɫ
ͨ˭Ķħ֫˭ģΪĵҩûа취ͨ⡣
ͨһһʮöոպаǸٴδһһһʮöͨǴֱˡ
һٶʮö
һʮö
΢֮ڸΪֵĻǸʼһöаİڼ۸һʮöͨʱ򣬾ûš֪Ǳ۸ŵˣǶݵݷ
ҶȻĿųϵƣЩסŵĶʵĹˣ֮ľۣӦøӼңֻһͷѡ
һǸ˶ݺݵĿɼľӣصһȭ棬ŭ֮ŭҪڡ
˼Σǿƽеŭĳۣһٰʮö
Ǻһһʮö絤ǸᣬһٰʮöͨѾļˣԷߵļ۸ôֻܷˡĬĬţЩΪ۸ĹϵۣǶͻԼˡ
վֻǻѣΪʵ
¶ҪУƷҩͨҲֻóôࡣ
ǸȺһöͨİݵĳȥʱ˿ûİᾺۣ˶ʱϲɫԱ˷ܵץΪķ֡
ڶݵĳ˼ӵİᣬջĵ̾һöͨѾҵļˣ˭ı۸ߣǾ͹˭ˡ
Ѿеƶ¶ˣֻжöֻͨô࣡
˭ֻܱ࣬ǶһöҲΪˡ
ǸȴǷŭĸë˫۳죬־Ҫȥһ뵽Ⱥŵĵ̣㬵ջȺţǵġ
̨µȺˣöͨǿǴٸʵʵͨǿֻ߰ҪܹôͨǿߣŵʵҲһس
ֹ󣬳ٴǶݵĳţǸٵ˾ȻȫǺˮ
һҪ˼ۣһҪ˼ۡе
ʵǲпģǸǰ絤ƺʹˮ˵һ仰ͨһö
ţֱ̫ˣȻ˱۸
ǳټ۸ɫˣǺް취ΪֵܵѼӾȻˣǻŭ޴ӷȺţɲҡ
ʱ˰ɣҶϣʵ
һ㾡ܷġƣɤӣǴö
ˢ
һʱа˶עᣬ֮ǰδھ۵İᣬǾ޴Ŀ̻ƵĲʹǸӡֻǴֿȻԵãƺʤȯգһ㶼Ƶá


94 Ƿ֮
ǰ͵˰Σ˿ԭ߽ԶѾȥֻҪܹʤһߣǶѾԼģ
һʮö
ǰҧгݵۿѾ˼ޣľ޿ȻƤҲգľѸٵıһ۸
ٶʮö
ʮöǸ˷ƺҪըˣЪ˹ĺ
ʮöƼæȥٶȾͽ˱۸˲䣬ǳƣ
أ
һȻɽһѹʱǸ֮ڱը𣬴ڵʿԶɫһ䣬ŵǸᡣ
ǹɾ޴ѹ𻯾ɣ
أأأ
ϸ΢촫Ⱥŵ𻯾ҲǺԥķųԼѹǹɰڵ𻯾ѹʱһͣȻ˵ѹֱӱ˻ȥ
͡
˺Ҳһʱ嶯ûпƺԼϢϢ˰Σ˲ŲʵջϢȺŵλѣǸһСûպԼƣ
𻯾ͬʱһǹٴ쳹˵Ķը죬ֱһЩΪʿŪͷĿѣ
þã˲ƽŰڵһ˵ȥ̽һ£Ǹڵ˾˭ȻҸǻòͷˣ˵ţ˫Ŀ¶׹⣬ͬҰһ㡣
̴Ӧ˳ȥ
ʮöһΣʮöΡŮ˷쳣Ҳ̲סĹһ˿΢Ц⣬û뵽ƷҩͨȻܹʮö֮࣬ǴʮͨԼֻ֮ôͨǿˡ
ȴⶫԼڵƣȻֱӴõɡ
ʮöΣȣŮӺݺݵһľ鳣˷ܲѵĲ֫ŹڵĿˡ
û˵꣬һ߾ʹҴҵŮӶԵ֪ЩʲôŮӵǿְҵԵѵûʹʧ̬˵ͷǴӦ
ʮһɱᵽ˽ϣλܿĵģȺŽᱣ֤ڳλ棬ⶫٳ֮ڣǾ԰ȫģŮӶһЦ
Ǵ֮һԵĻǲǵʵ
ٳҲңңȺŵıӻ֮¾Ա֤㰲ȫǣ
λ𾴵ǰҵƷмҪúԼСӣԱ˶ǵݣŮ˵ЩŤϸ̨ȥʿҲŲҡҷŮӵ壬ҵĸš
ڵλԶû¶棬ǶǲԸñԼݡ
ɱڵʿӿгԶȥɱǲóȻķУǧµĹء˭óȻƻǾǶȺϵӡ
ƿţҶһǰһ߳ڶ߼æӵ룬˳ʲô顣
һӰԶԶЩˣɫޱȣܿģͻصԼİᡣ
ô嶼ں֮µɫ
شˣȺŵƣһСӣûмƺǷǳһ㡣˻Щ¡
ʲôǺ˫͵󣬲˼ɱȺ󲿷ֽԶȺŵı˵ǵûѡɰĻҪپۣ
˼æˣҪҪҿҲ߽ͨ׵ʵֵһᣬ硭
˻û˵꣬ͱֹסĵȱ𼱣ǱõģԲǴᣬȺĿǰǲ𣡡
ô죿Щ
ⶫ϶ҪĶȻԲٷѾ۵ľһˣⲻ鷳ôţƾȻһСޱȣû˵ʲôֵܵģʵΣ˼һᣬʵ
شˣԲͨһףĵ
ãǾʹҵͻƿڣ϶ⶫӦҪģֶ֮ѣɻ䡣ֻҪƱ˾ͺãǺɭ
һᣬɫɢɱڣָϵô棬죬ƺ¶ʲôģ͵һƿţ˲ʧԭأǾ˵ٶȣȻѾǴﵽɱ⡣
˿һӰȻ˵ٶȼ죬Ѹٵ׽˵Ӱ۾ףȻ¿кϷˣû뵽Ҳôס
кܶע⵽أȻ͸ܷˣľǲ˼˷ЦڶٳڶʲôֽţСӾԲ᲻ٳǣ


95 ٴͬ
Ҷ˷ܵĸ˺Ӵڣһĵ䣬͸Ӻݸ
ƴŮнӹǸӣЦеĵݸҶƣҶֵܣ°ɣ
ҶһжҲǽˣħ֫쳣ҪȻ飬ԺӱĻơ
Ҷƽװ˿ռָ֮УмѵĿһۡ
ϵܰҴӦĶȻʳԣ°ͣЩӦЦ
°ͣҶ̲סһЦ˳˲Ҷȴúܣ°ϵ룬ȫΪմҶڵѪȻ䣬ûиơ
磬ҪһΪĵطҪֱ˴ŲĵطҪЩʱգʮ죬¡ҳأȥȺţڵаκãҶɫص
Ц鲻ҲϵͰĵɣڶٳǣɱȫĵطԱߵߵҶֵܰһصĵط
߼æͷӦҶһΪصķڣ̻ⷿܶƣ˵սĵطǽӲй֮Ʋ𻯾Ʋķ
ҶƹţȷԶ֮Ž̨ó
ֶʵ̫أ׻ǲҪ¶
Ҷһ˻һѸٵ̨֮У˵Ϣ˲ʧ١
ȫ
ҶƼѵĴӿռָ֮óǸСӣĴ򿪣ǰֱ˳
ҶƵֱ۸һӴֱۣ̲ĲصķĴԹʣаħұ۶ԼԼһ˿
ϤĸоָоڿôҶǰֱۣаħұۡ
ಣ
ȻҶߣһƤûκθĵͽȻһ֮
֮ǰҶƶòû̫ķֱ𣬵žԽԽ࣬ҲߵòжôˡøոϵŮ˵ǵŮˣһȣϵĲһأ
òʡģһˣ֮ŮӾȻƽ
Ҷƺòƴ½ôԻκΪ֮˪ʣǾΪ˵òŮ
ЩͬĿǵ
Ҷưһۣ϶˿۾ǰֱ۱ԼаħұץסһĨڵҶƵֻұϣꡱ졣
ɱɱͬÿë׶һˮ͸ı⡣
ɱȻϢ֮ҶΧǺɫʵ﷢šȴֱһ㣬üͷҶƼ
Сӣ֮еŶأɻҡҡͷа
ǰֱں֮²ϵĲ·ӵжһ㣬ͻȻ˿УǺɫһ˱ɱ
ꡭ
ֱۿʼͬںڵҶаħұ۱ͷų𽥵ĻΪһ̸ڼΪѵںš
֪ΪΣֱ۲ûԼǻֻۣһһ㣬ҶƵаħұ۽ͬ
ֱѾȫ˺ɫҶаħұ֮ŵһźʼıаħұ֮УҶƵüëҲ΢Ĳš
ʹЩĸоͬ첲汻ëɦһ㡣
ಣ
аħұպɫٶǷǳĿģֻһɲǣͱһ룬ҶƵֱҲͽȻ֮һըԵļţһͬСһ¶·ӵǿ

Ҷұ͸ٴǹɲ²ľֻˣ
飡
ǹɱ·˲ǿ˽ʮҶǿҲǲ㱻εɱһСӣռ䱻ɱѹţʮֹ졣
üɱȴ첻κӰ죬ֻкĺܡ
Сӣʣµ֮һħаħұۻᱻȫȫļ̳аɣߣħʧȥаħұۣǿɾʧȥһǿķвЦ
Ҷƶͷϸܵĺ飬Ǻɫתۼ䱻ȫֱ֮Уаħұ֮ϵķķ·ٴЩ漴ȥ
䣡
һըԵҶƵаħұ֮һȦһɨܡ漴ɱ𽥵ɢȥԵޱȵ⡣ҶƺԼаħһǿ˲٣


96 ƽ
󣬻¶ʹ֮⣬·սҹϢһ㣬ͷҪɢˡҶһڵϺ˯˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶƱеĶѣšĶƤεӽһö鵤ŤŤ廯һ̨֮С
̨Сķռָ֮УҶƿţ˳ȥ
һܳȣסˡ
ȣɱĺмڵȺˡ
ӣڳˣЩȼأһ߹ĶҶƵ
Ҷƶߵҽȥ˶ã
ѾʮһˣҪȥûΣء߶Ҷһ롱ƣɣ
ԭѾʮһˣûʲôоֲżˡҶ
߽ҶƴɱſڣѾｹǻţʱʱǵ棬ɫʮǳ
ҶƼһĻ˼ǧ˵ӦòּӵˣΪλżһʲô鷢ˣ
뵽Ҷƿ첽ȥ磬ҳˣ
ѸתҶƣЦݵϵܣڳˣǼ˸ң
ʲôҪôҶɻѵ
ȻˣһƵҲˣͷӾȻҷѵǱҪȥһˣֲܰϵһ˶ԸҾһֱ㡭ȻƽǸȴǳֿҶĵһж
ãҾ͸ȥһȺţ˳㽫аκáаҪܶҩ䷽һʱòôֻ鷳ˣ
ʲô鷳鷳ƻôֵģϵܰҪסֵܣβҵаĸҲ䡣
ҶƼᶨĿƣңһκаģ
ҶƲѣҲЩжʲôҩģȺŹܹ
ҶƵ˵ͷƵʲôʱ
ղգھߣ˿˲ӿռָ֮ͳıսӰһ̤棬ͬʱһѽҶҲ
ϵܣץˣߣ˷ܲѵĴһսһ̵Ļ棬ֱӳƲ񷣬֮Уٶ죬һżٵǡ
Ҷ˫ͬצһսĵȻӶԴĺ죬ҶƱַӰ죬ͬһһ㡣
ɱԶһȫں֮µüͷ֮еǱɫǣû뵽ƾȻȥСӣСӵݵʲô
ͻȻѶˮٿȻ洫һϵһٻںδһʱϻ֮ڣ
ɫһ䣬ʵ벻ΪΪһٻش¼Ȼ׵ķġ
˿һۣ˷ṳ̆գһͬһڿߣţǸСӺˣ
̤շڶٳǵϿգûܾ۵ħ֫кǷŭֻöͨǮԶԶ
ڸղţҲյһѶгеӵһʱѸٸϻţȻвҲ洦ӷɵҲǲΥġ
ȻΪϣȴûκʵȨǳüֱ֮ڵ̷˵Ҳֻһĳ϶ѡ
֮һֱѹƣΪʵ㣬һԭ򣬵ţʵʤһУŲϧŲŵöͨöֽͨ׶ͨдˡ
ֻҪܹǳʿ֫˵öǧöҲԸⰡ˵ܹͨǸһεĶ˵Բ͸
ǧͨǧͨѣ˵ʵڵ鲢ûȫϣǰûô࣡
ܷŭǳŭ
ҵСֶ쳽ЩҲ̿࣬Ҳ֪ǲܵҶСӵĴԭÿ쳽ˣȡ֮쳽ȴķɿ죡
ûӾ죬쳽ĶӽͼУ
һֵģһȫٵķУﵽ־̤շٶȾܹﵽ˲Ϣ֮ǧ
ಡ
ҲԼԼ˺öͬǿ𻯾ƲƲûǣǳЩ𻯾ԭĿĶⳤʿĲ֫ǿǵӣһ
뵽Ȼ΢΢˷ŭĲֻһˣʱƽˡ


97 ɮ
;ǷǳģȻһĴѶôȻ˷¶ޣᴩ˿ĶٳǣٵĳȺŷȥ
磬ѵķɻȺȥôҪ೤ʱ䰡Ȼ˵ٶȷǳ죬Ҷ˲ǿ޶ʱڸϻȺ֮ڵġ
ƺٺһЦϵܣͲ˰ɣȺ˴ƴǿʱͻȥ
ҶƷǳ⣬Ϊʲôһʹأȥǻװ׵ĵʱ䣿
°ͣڨЦϵ֪ƴ½ֹǧǧ𻯾ʿҪ̤շвܺᴩ½ֻͨˡȻȻҪƴ󣬵ƴҲκεصκʱ򶼿ģΪһƣȺƴǶĴʹˣҲҪǧڼſԴ͡ǧ֮оƴڡ
Ҷƻĵ˵ͷƴʹҲܵİ
ôҪòܽȺǧأ
ˣǵٶҲ·̡ǸϵʱͿֱӴͻȥˣЦȻ˵Цٶȴûһôƽƽȵ֮зţɴ˿ɼһּԦ¯ˡ
ԼһʱһɭɽϷɽ֮ڱХĴءһ㣬ɷǺˡ
ûʲôͻȻһɳƴɽֱֱ֮գʯɽɽȾȻ˲˲֡
أ
ǹƾȻֱֱĳ˷ҶƲҴ⣬͵ػһǿ񱩵ƣһɾУǹƱҶɢ͵΢Ĵɢȥ
ʲôˣ͵صɴ˫ۣŭĺȫһɫĻ棬ͣ˰С
Ϣ֮䣬һɽɽӳɽŰݵϢ·Ҫ˾һ㣬ʹɱȫޣ˱Ʈġ
Хһӵɫ泯Žȥ绢Ⱥһҵ˺ɫâֻ˲ǽͱ̵Ļɢˡ
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ʶʱŤŰһȣսڿжһ¡
˲䣬ǽһ౶ڹ˲ɵ׷ʹĽڹƵһССĽ档
λʩոȷʵƶɮСĲλģˡ
һϵķٴδɽ֮дƶɮ׷ɵͽλʩܹƶɮʤм
ȤҶ˫۶ʱصţһײƴ½֮߶ر飬һ㶼Ǳ
ҶرʶһСɮÿơ
ƿЦһϵܣȥǣ˵ţһսʱٴ˼֣Ѹٵĵ̤ųɽ֮ڷȥ
Ѹٵ½ɽ֮УҶѸٵѸٵҲջ˱սݵĸҶվһ۾ǰ档
ͼǰ״һ༫ΪĺڴˡǹͷԵ÷ǳ죬ҲһǳСӡɫģͷŰ˸ֳֻ̣ƽȵľ
нҫһȴɲԷڽ֮ͬһӡ
վһˣͬҲɮ˴磬ɫѾжദԵ÷ǳǱ˿źɫĹʣǵûܸһֳ׵ʥϢһɭɭ䲻ѵĸʬĸо
ҷ֮еɮȻ͵˼ΪҪķص䣬֮ѾڰʴСɮþȫ֮ҲֻܸƽֶѣϣλʩԲĵĳְҷһλм
Слһڣ˵ɫ̱ˣҲʵǿ֣ô޻֮
λԩ޳Сͺ¿ҲƼˮѣϣǲҪ˻ˮҿóһĺô˻񣬼æ
һ߳źڹ⣬һߵԵúǼѡ
֪ʲôĺôܹȵϷŵأСв̲ת˵λʩɲҪ鷳ǱǸϣܹСɮһѣͽȥҪȥˡ


98 
Ҷ˷ܲѣŤͷƵ磬ͺ¿ͽˣ
ԴصЦЦÿɷ
ɮҶƵĻɫһ䣬ķӳǼģ͵һһȻǽƵõ˻ȥ
϶ɮһ˲Ĺ˫ƺһħӿͬһϣʹŤ
·㲻ߣͶһͨһ׵ʿȻģĲ㣡ɮĴ
Ҷһû뵽ɮʵȻ˳ȺӣҲͨ׵Ϊˣη壬ԽԽ˷ܣһͳɮȥ
ʩСģħ죡ǧҪУȻʩͻᱻʴСнĺȵ
ҶƶСͶȥһм񣬲ʲôħ죬Ĳη塣ԼƤղοЩʴԵĺأ
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ѾɮԼԶѸٵ˫ֽӡħϵĴӿȵӿ
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ҶƻδκζСһȣʱһɸŨĽɫâҶԴ۶ȥ
λʩСɮֻܼһСжͷҲϸܵĺ顣
ҶƿһɫɮЦ˲䳯ɮӶȥڿлһߣֱֱĳɮĶͷȥ
ɮֲѣ˫ֺʮв³ڿоȻʵԵĺһӭҶƵܹȥ

öϸ΢ĺɫ廯ڴҶϣҶƸûгַײȻһĸ֮
С𾪲ѣƺ߶ʲô
ߣҶֵҵıսֽܹ£ЩʲôƲмĺߵ
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Ҷڣһŵ
أ
ҶһźݺɮΧĺ棬Ǻ͵һ£漴Ȼһɢһš
ۣ
ڽӡɮͻȻҶƵһŴϣҪõӡͻȻΪж϶·ɣɮһѪ˳ɫ԰ֽ
ǺһȻķ֣ɮѾҶƵһ֮ˣ
ҶƼһɣѸƶһ棬ƶ֮ӭɮȥһȵҶƵĹڰԻ
ɮֻţæٴεֵǰ
磡
һɺ촫ҶƵĹɮĺȻײһŰʹĿռ˲Ť
һǿ˱𴦣ǸطһСɽ£СɽܵǿĳͽȻըѿʯɽ
ȷеֶΣɮȻٴοȳһѪɭȻĵҶƣһֳСУƺȡʲô
ΪܹңʹشˣɮͻȻЦ˫ѸٵǰһӣһȻĺ˲佫ɡ
Сһ̲סĿȳһѪæѵʩСģͨķħȣ
ҶжǳѸݣںڹ⳯Լֶ˲䣬ͳһԾȥǽϼ˲䱻ɫƻȴ˸ա
Ҷ˫֮һ˿ɱ߬ȭͷЦңɹİˣһ˵ţһĳǰ̤˼ĽŲƺ
һ룬չˣƺûһĻȥġҶǳᣬȴ͸˿˿а˶֮з·ѪɵĽһ㡣
ģҶһһĽӽɮһһĳɮ߽һɭȻ䵽ɱҲ˳
ÿһǹɱͶһ֣ɽ֮ļȫɢɱÿ˼һ˿ֱͬӴͷһˮͷš
ɮ·ʲôֲһ㣬ֵĳȥҶÿǰҽһͻĳ˳һ
Ϊ֣ҶƵ˫Ѿó죬ɱĶԼָо·Ǳһֻ͵˶ʳ޵˲ԵĿһ㣡


99 ƽս
ɮ˫۵ʱɺ죬ŭĺƾҲԸģ
˵ţһħȣһɢ˷ŻϢĺɫħڿоȻ̡ͷҶֶȥ
Ҷһ̧ͷ˫˲ɮ˫۶ˣʵһĹ˲ɮ˫֮Уҽһʹ˫۶ȥħȴʮɵԼﲻϵɢźɫ
أ
Ҷ͵صٶȼ죬һֻȫ˻һ㣡ɢǿƥƳɮ˹ȥ
Ǻɫ֮ͬһ˲סҶƵ˫˫ţ˰֮Уܶ
ףҶĿŽԼֽŵĺɫ˼£ȻûŪϡ
ɮķħվķŭ֮⣬ҧгݵĽʬ
˵ţɮ͵һħȣǲסҶ֫ĺɫǳ˷ܼһ㣬˲佫ҶƵ֫峯ĸȥҶƵȻ֮䱻ֱĵɫ·Ҫʬˡ
ʩСģǻȪ̺ϵľԽһͷ˺ѰСҲ˼˫ֺʮǰл߶ʲôӷ𣡿ຣģͷǰ
Се֮϶ʱһҫ۵ĽɫĶеޱҫۡǽɫ̫ͬһĹâֱ˲ֱӣС͵һȣǽɫâͬˮһϲĳɮϮȥ
Ҷ˫۸˫ȶĸֳһ̺죬ķ漴ͬʯһӲ
Ǹֳһ˿ЦҪҵ˺飿㻹Զأ
𣡡
һΪԭʼ޺ҶƵĺ洫ҶƵ˲ʹһȵʹü˲ͣһɴ֫
žžžž
⻯ΪʵԵĺɫȻֱӱҶֽŲøˣ漴ɢ˿С
ɮҵĻζһ£˫֮˸ž֣סħȵƻһ̲Ѫ
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СٻĽɫâ˲ɮ壬ɲĺɫ˲䱻⣬ɮҽһԶԶĳķ˳ȥ
ɮԶԶĵɳȥбжнԶѪԵήħҲԶԶĶ˳ȥ
֣ҪһһľսҶüͷСе
Сһţ˿ȥҲҶʮ־ˣʵûʲôõĵġ
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Ҷ۾ԼԶħȣüë
ɮĿҶƵĵһʱҶҪʲô˲䳯ħڵλóȥһ߳һߴ𣺡Сӣң
ҶЦˣӾħģ˵һ仰˲һֳħȥ
ħͻȻƾձһźʴҶƵĵ֮ϣҶסʹ͵ץסħȡЩץסһһ㡣
أ
Ҷһ½ħȴӵ֮ϰ˳ħȲòҶƻ̲סĳ˼
ɮŭĴ𣬷ĳҶƳһ˫ȫû˺ɫ֮УźХķҶ

ҶһֽħȣڿлȦ͵سɮȥ
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ԣһĴҶҵĻ˼£ͻȻһ˿Ѫ
ɮȴˣûҶǿ壬ûǿľȻֱӱҶķʮԶݺݵײһŴ֮ϣ˺ϱֵĴײĴмѿˡ
ۣ
ɮ̲סٴһѪɫʱ԰ֽʧѪԵʡ
ҶЦſҲôӸµͬһ㡣
ܣһͨһ׵ʿôǿ˵زɮĴ˫ǰ˼ӡ˲һźٴڿлྭģѸٵĳҶƷȥ
ɮвϵ߶ʲôžġ
ҶƿǵسԼϮľģǹȵѹֹҶƸоһǿ弸Ҫһ㣬ѪӿƤ⣡
ǿҶ𾪵Ŀྭģҧ촽ȭȣҹȥ
أ
һըԵҶڱǡԸԡĽɢҶ쾭ת˲˾žŰʮһȭȫһ˲䣡ŵĶҶƵȭӰ


100 ʬ
 ľĽԶҶһȭȭĴ򱬣ǾĴӺηҶƶ׼ȷҳλü̶һȭɢڿС
ɮ˫۵ɵԲû뵽ԼȫӽеľľȻᱻҶô׵ĸ
Ҷ΢΢ȻǷƽ˾ʵѾը˹Ҫ֪忰ľޣսҹҲƣ룡ôֻΪɮļľأ
ԭʵɮʵ̫ǿҶǿȫҲܲá
ȿȿȡɮ͵ؿȳһѪʯ棬˫ĶסҶƣû뵽ݺ꣬Ȼ﷭վȻСУܴ裡
Сɫׯϵӷѳšаߣ˺֮СɮҪˣĽҪͷҷټƾʵСɮܸսƽ֣
С˵ĲȫʢʱڣֻҪһֻ־ܹɮһ˿â
ȻҽӲˣҲùɮ͵ԾЦſŵϵˣҲҶеħˣ˫֮нüӡһȵĺɫ֡
ãǡС˫۵ɵԲû˵ĴҶƣɮѾҪӡˡ
أ
һ죬֮ͽȻըѪ˲Ĵҽ
ɢȥ֮ɮ˻¶ѪɷǿֲȻȫ¶ѪϵЦȴǹģ
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СȻѣҶƼᶨɫţջʲôû˵
ӷ𣬼Ȼʩô˵ˡСɮҲͳ֮С̾һ˻ȥȻҶƸô˵һʲôƵġ
ʵڲæʹаħһ£ҶǸûκΰսʤʬܵģոյĻҲֻʶĺġ
һԿһޣջصĵҶƿʬܣ˫֮г˰Ķ־
ʬĻ˻壬ȻܹɵĻˣǿնۿҶһۣǹ֮ʱ
Ҷۿʬܣ˫ճȭʱ׼
ʬܺҶһ㣬͵سҶײٶ̫죬Ӱԭأ䱾ѾҶǰ߸ߵľ˴󴸡
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ģǽ˫ۺǰѡ
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졭̫ˣʵ̫ˣûκηӦʱ䰡Ҷпֱ۴ʹкȷĸˣƺأ
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ҶƲǲܣǸûʵܡ
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һȭݺݵҶƵؿڣǿľ޵Ҳ̲סһѪڸо˸Ƶģʹ


101 
ԡ
ҶƵؿڴһ᲻ѵĹõͷԼؿڵĹͷѾȫˡ
Ҷ֪ʬܺǿǸû뵽ȻǿزԼǰ·ûκλ֮һ㣡
ɫҲǾ䣬æʵСУⶫʲôȻǿ
С૵ӷʬǰͨ˽׵ʿȻʵǱɮȫ߶Ҳǻָǰʵϲûκ˼ֻ֪ƾԼĸож
ͨ˽ףɫ΢΢˱䣬ʬһ޴ܲ͸磬üͷҲСаշ
ӷСɮţʹȫпܽƷλʩղѾ˵ҪСɮ֡С
ϳ˺üߣŭʲôʱˣҵֵܿҪֲסô
Сб˫ۣҡҡͷһţȻ˿ûгְæ˼
ƸоԼȫµŭҪȼɫĻ˲䡰ڡһðձսŭĿСС˵ŵ˹ִĿ£û뵽
㲻֣ҿҪˣѹסŭĿתսϡ
ҶƾǿĲϵѪǰعĻָҲѾõ߰˰ˡͻȻƷŭĺҲһ󽹼æȵ磬һｻҾͺãǶ֣
Ƹȼŭʱͬˮ£˸ࡣ֪ҶƵǼǿģһ˵˻;Բᷴڡ
ǰʬǿնۿҶ˦˦ȭͷһȭӭǵͷľ޴ȥ
һȭҶȫļһȭӳռ֮оȻˡ֮ϾǸĶҲᱻһȭɷĩ
ʬȫȻ壬ӲӲӭҶƳµĴƺӴ˼֣޴ͬһĥ̴СʵĵģҲܽ޴ӶɵģҲֻʬǿĶˣ
ҶȭͷڣԵƱˣǹɲľݺݵĳǾ޴˹ȥ
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أ
޴ϲ͵һ𣬶ʱҶƵֱͷһѪ˳ȥ
Ҷڰ֮ǿסԼɵΣһ˵棬˫ŵõһ
໡
ʬܺ˼Ұһ㳯Ҷٴ˹ٶ֮ȫҶƵ󣬼ֻһɲǺӰ͵ҶƵǰ
Ҷɫò԰׺Ѫɫͫ׾ҵһ£ûκηӳı㱻ǰĺӰſֱ۱סˡ
ǰǾԼֵĿնĺɫۿֻϲеĸʬϢҶƸеĶġ
ʬ͵ս˫ۣһͷѵҶƵͳĺһѪ˳
ʬʵѪζƺ˷ˣ淢ֻҰ޲ܷ˻ٴν˫۽˼֡
Կԡ
һͷĶ̷˲ֱ˫֮оǱɫŭ͵һӱսҪ
𣡡Ҷ۽⿴ƵĶæֹ磬㡭֣
ϵܣ㡭ȻƢ𱬣ǻӲͣһ겻ĿҶơ
ҶɫҲԹݺʬܵ˫۾ͺһסԼƤ˵ʬȷ󣬵ǻҶƾѪ֮Ķ֣صڣʬܸûʹУûκθо֫ϵͷ­Ҷܹĸоʹģ˵ϹǵʹҲϰΪʬϵǹʬƺĳǿڣȥʹŻֹȻ˼֣±ʬܺݺݵס
Сӡĵ̾ϢҶʶ֮𣬵ǳǣûҪְҶƵ˼ҶҲûȥ
˵ˣ¶Ӧù۲ϸҪʱֵ˵㣡ӵ
ҶƱôһҲ侲ȻҪ飬Ժ֮ȴһƬƽĹ۲ǰʬܣŻĸʬ֮Ҳòôˡ
ȻҶƸոѪĵطһЩմȾʬܵϣһƬѾ·ǱչƤһڻˣðɫ
ԶƿＱУ겻ƺһ̾ͻ֣ǻӲסͷΪҪչҶƵĺǾǿԸ
֮Ҷƣϵ˲һɨգ˷ܲѡһϵľʹ͵һѪʬܵϡ


102 ʬ
ֵ鷢ˣҶʺѪҺʬܵͷֻһ·ǸռȺ˸ˮ֮ȴһ㣬ꡱʮʬܵͷ˲䱻ʴһ룬̼źɫƮ
ʬ͵ջ˫ۣ˫Ѿڲ¡ϵĹͷ˻Ĳҽ
˫մҶƵѪǰָֻʴʣ¡
ֻƬ̵ʱ䣬һ޴ԴȻֱӱҶһѪȫʴɾˣֻʣһͷʬҵҡڲ
ǡþѪ֮ô̺ôӷ𡭡С˫۵ɵþ޴󣬰˵
Ҳǵɴ۾ܿ㷴ӳ˹ҶƸľϲ漣̫࣬ҲһЩֵĳҲûȥ
ҶϱĹͷͻָ߰˰ˣЩط۵ҪͷΣǱȴЦ
ûĶˣԼڵѪʬȷǿЧã
Ц˼Ҳ֪ﻹ
𣡡ѹõҶڱˣɤһ͵һȭʬܵĶƤϣһһȭȻᴩʬܵ壡
Ҷ͵һʬϣ˳㽫ֳ˻
أ
ʬܱеĵط˲䰼ȥһ飬ûԴˣŤŤģǾάƽ⣬ʮֹ졣
Ҷұ֮еӴ˲Ԥ׵ͷ˳ܵĿռһͣȻ΢΢ʯ鱻ƴ岻ϵķš
ҶΪʵʵ𵴣ֱǹɺɫһٳ忪͸忪ºϣ͸ԡ˾ͬսһ䣡
һ̣Ҷƶˣһ͵سʬĹȥ̺Ӵ
أ
ʬؿڶʱֳһ޴İӡûнؿĴǿ󼸺˲һ͸״˳һ鸯õ˲䱻ҶƸˡ
ԡ
ҶҲܣ޴ķֹʹЩطҲǶѵˣ˿ϣϾͻ޸ϡ
ȣ
Ҷһ˫ȭͬҪһݺݵʬܵϣʬܵԹӲ˫ԭʼĹײسǿҵĻζЩĵ类ȹױ飬һѵĴ󹵡ƸСв˸һЩɽ档
飡
Ҷƺҵ˵Լտʼʱʬܱ˶ǵǧʯȭͷ򣬸첲ȲԶΪʬܵĻ֮ڶ
ʬҲֻǱİȫκη֮ڵ񾭱ҶƻˣȻǷӦ
弫ΪӲҶƷһĹ֮Ҳֻѵļѡ
ͣˣҶιιѾĿȫǵʬܡ
ʱˣҶ˫֮ûаֲ·ѾһжС
ұϢ֮ǲûʹаħһұۻķʬֱ֮ܵϣֳס塣
ꡭ
ҶһĨЦӴֱ۾ȻҶ˲ק港õζ˱Ƕ֮Ļһź
ҶƲͷٴνұץסһֻ첲ʮĽٴγסؿڡ
ꡭ
һֱֻҲҶƻĳĺðиʴԵĺȻҶ첻κε˺ֻҶƵӸʴ˴顣
ҶƺоһֱıԼܺõͷ˳˷ܵ΢΢Ĳ͵̧ұۺݺݵĳȥ
ˣ
ұʬϣʧȥͷ­˫۵ʬܾһһ㳯ŵȥź¡һص˵֮С
ҶƾĺţԼҲ͵سŵȥ
Ҷ˫͵ز˿棬һԴӴٴγѳö϶ĸоʲôԼѾķѵʬܡ
̳ɢȥҶƼֳ·Ҳʧȥеһˤ
Ƽæһ˲ҶƵߣסˣӿռָ֮һöƷҩͳҶȥ
ʩСв֪ʲôʱҲҶߣһĿƣҶƵ󣬵ֻȣʩûҪôصĵҩǷҲûκЧֻǱѡ
˵ô죡ѹסǻŭʵͿСв˳ˣԷصķˣ̲סˡ


103 ʦ
СƺûпƵķŭһ㣬ƵһţȻ˫ķŵҶϡ
С˫ֲϵķǧ⣬ĹҶϸţʮ־һ㣬ҶѪ˿ھȻٵܿٶȲϵĻָš
ֻشСֳʮϵɫ˫͵ҶѸٵ£ǴĽѸٵûҶƵڡ
оɺԵĻܲϵĻָҶ𾪲ѣͬʱҲʮˬĸо
ôܣĸܾȻǿ¾ͨҲ˰ɣôģСнյ˫˼ĿҶƵ壬˿Ѿָˡ
Ҷһ˫վ
ӷλʩʵ̫лˣɮʵ֮ǿޱȣû뵽ʩֻһ˾ȻƷСЦе
ҶЦЦÿ˳ֶѡұ˵ҲǸѵõĻᰡ
ˣҶƳǰ˼ħȼȥˣħӡҲˣֻǾĴҶƵУ·޺һ㣺аӦǷŵջȥġ
С¶һָм֮ɫӹħȣнһħȾƾʧˡ
ӷʩ֮ʵСɮƽ
ҶƿСУƺȴǿʵɵôȤ֪ʦţ
Смæɫޱȣ˫ֺʮӷ𣬴ʦʵҵСɮǷˡһܵʦּǰȥģȴϾȻڰ·оɮϢԱһ·׷˴
Ҷɫ˲üΪ죬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ʦһ֮߶֪ΪβԶ󣿡üͷʵ
ףλʩΪ˸Ҳʲôûŵˣ֪ʩ˭һĴƵ
Ʋ޵Լ°ͣвգȺơ
ԭʧʧæƾһλʩǡ
ҶƼæɾҶơ
üͷһ壬ƺ˼ɾ֣ջûɾǺηʥҶ˵Ƕڣһס
ѵû֪ͨô˵ҷܵˣȺҲһܵģ
üͷ˼ţֲøôʮ𼱵һȥԭҪ顣ȻҲˡһǳҪ
ôʦЦˣҸŹѸٸϻŵģȴûϸ˵ʲô飬ҪлʦˣƶȻ𾴵
Ȼ̤ףƻݵġƽ߹ŵӣһŵƽߣʦ
ȻֵȷЩʵȴǲСġ˵Ѿͨ׵ʵһָķ̷ǳ뻯˿֮ͬˡ
û뵽žȻĳʦεһҪˣ
ʦҸҶֵܻҪϻɣͲˣҾʹ˱ɣƶʩһ΢紵˽׵ĵۡ
ʦæ񣬵̫ˡ˵꣬תҶƵҶʩһγСɮǸмϣгһҶʩͣԺʲô飬СɮСɮ岻ݴǣ
ҶȻ𾴣һ
ɫıսͻȻ̤ȥҶƵϵܣһٻصΪã
ҶƵͷʩһҲ˱ս֮ϡ
ಣ
ս˲񷣬ҡֱϣͬһɫǳ
Զȥˣþòƽһʧһ߶ʲôǾ߶ʲôû˿õˡ
Σʧһ˫ĴԶ˻һ˦ǽɫȷɳһ̤棬ѸٵƿնȥĴйͬһӡֻһص̾Ϣ
й˵İš
ǷƽߵĹŵӣһƽʦͨһ׵ʱͻܹͬȼĵˣҽһУ˵ķŷص¯࣬ʦҲ˵гһգʤÿһλƽ̣ƵĸҶƽܵ
˻Ҷ͵سһ˼ʵǸЩСУȻǡһƽ̡⡭
û̾һ̫ˣȻꡭҪ֪Ƿ飬һ岻ݴǵĻ㣡ǷŹеĹִ
ִôҶЦЦɵԼ˵Ļ
ʱЩͺ¿ǻǹִĿɰء


104 Ⱥ
һ˵ţһ߼ٵķУܿ˴ı߾
ٷв༸ӵ·̣ͨƴʹֱӻصȺţôˣҲȵòͷ˰ɣЦ
ҶƵ˵ͷȻӦҪκаȻᷴڡΪʲô
ಣ
Ѹٵʻ˴ֻǱ߾ֻЩôСУʿ࣬żһЩҲֻǲ·ûдﵽͨԦе
Ѹٵʻһ̵ɽƽսҶЦˣɣ
˵ţս˿ռָУ˫͵ط˽ɫĹâѸٵڿеһָ䴦ðڿп̻һʮֵͼ
˫ֲϵĻ裬ǽɵĽҲɢܿռЩ̣ԶǿӰġ
أ
ͻȻըһӴƣ˿˿֮ûɵøо֮һΧĻľ˲ήճ˷ɻҡ
Ʋѩޱ̻ƺǳɣһ㣬˫ٶȵԽԽ죬еҲͻȻ˸߳ռ翪ѣһɾ޴ƵΪĳɢȥ
꣡
ſռȿһС漴ѸٵĳȥռʱһƬ졣
͵ջ֣нɫƴԵʮҫۣüҶƵϵܣ⴫ʹѾɣ
˵ţһǿռѷ֮УֵǱɵһеĿռѷ첢ûɵ壬ƺռѷ챻ʲôסˣһʮֵ
ҶҲǵһξƴˣ˽ȥ˽Զ۾
漴˵ӰͱռѷڵһƬɫĹâû
Ҳһ˲䣬ͬʱ۾ܻľΪïʢĴǰɫĹ⻬ԵʮʥࡣƺҲȱĵطŨֹҶƶʱоһĿ
˼ɾֻ洫ӾסĶܸ⣡ٶȽͨط
ǵƵҪˣ
ĴȥϵĻҳת˿ҶƾɲĺɫӡѾҶƸɮսʱ˺ЩطԵׯءƿЦһʾҶƸԼ
߽ǰƫ֮УȻ쳣ĻĴװƷĴһƴСͳһոµĵ۸һڽҶơ
һȺŵĵۣҲû·ͽŰɣǿ̻һأֵѾһͨķˣӿɲЦ
ҶƳԾѣû뵽ƴСӾȻһռ䷨ֻ涫ģû뵽Ȼݳ޵ֵزڳԾ֮࣬ҶҲ˼жӵҪ˿һͨķͨĵлõǿĶأһԼģⶫһкܶ࣡Ȼóһ׽Լ
ƲûҶƵ·쾭һ㡣߳ҶƴһȻϴԡĳ
һŸߴ׵ĲȻγɵ̺ŵǽྻ¶ˮ
ˮǴŲ֮ȡģȻྻ¶ˮһžĿ
ƽҶƴԼȥҶӣ¶СɫƤͿ鼡⡣ϸĲԼ壬ƺǳһ㡣
ϴԡϣȺŵĵۣԼһͷڷԵЩõ˵ζĴۣȻһ㲢Ƕô۵ƣͨɫǰȺŵı־һڷԵǣԵÿһЩΪģߴȻЩϣսǿʲôġ
ϵۣҶ͸һһ㣬Եþˣҽϸ顣
òǧŮĿ֮еİӣ
Ҷ˳Ѿڴ˵Ⱥʱˡ
ڳˣЦЦҶƵͷӶȼˣߣȥ
ҶЩȻû뵽ԼȺžܹ˵֮еȺҪ֪ʱҲûмһ档Ⱥ˿ǰ̤𻯾ģʵɲ⣡
ʱ䣬ҶƸоЩļˡ
ǸƵĳΪĴȥ
һ·ȺŵĵӶĶƴкҲһһЦŻӦ
ʦðϴθʦĻҿǿôʦûٷɣƶһ毺õŮӴڵ
Ůɫһ죬æͷתܵˡ


105 Ⱥ
ףⲻʦôɺãӦǴͨﾳƿҸ㼸ΣתֶһŮӽе
ҶֻоԼЩȣû뵽ȺھȻˡ޼ɵ
Ҷƾڶɻ󲻽Ŀи˽ȥ߽ǹ崿ȵҶһ̲סĳԴȥ
յģϿһˣ
ôǿѹǴӺδأ
ҶɻڴĴ鿴ȫо˵Ϣʵû
ǸоѵǴɣ
ͷӣصװʲôأ̲סһϵ쳹ڴ֮ڡ
ҶƲʵ磬ˣ
Ͳܸӣһŭ֮ȴκεķŭйƽζ·ֿ֮ԭʹõġ
ѽͷӣϲ¸ģϲ̵Ķλϵ
ҶҲɻλûˣԴеǴǸطģ
ͻȻҶƸоԼǰͻȻģһ£漴λϾͶһЦӯӯˣȻһϮȺŵĵۣһȾҲûжô˵Ϣһ޸֮
Ҷȴĵ׸еһη壡Ǳܵη壡
Ǵֵģ
Ҷƶͷϸܵĺ飬˫ֱĶˣͬʱҲȺŵ
֮ƺ޳Զĺڶ˲佫ҶƵУֻһ˲䣬ҶȴоԼȹǧꡣ
ȿȡҶһѪȴǱӲѹɤӵס
ǿҶкȻ
ͷӣҶֵܵһȺţǵĴ֮ƲĺȻײĶҶʲô˺
˼СӣȺƽĵ˵ͷƽ羲ˮ˫֮вܿĸ˻ǱˣһвԱһʣ
ҶƼæȺ񣬵Ҷưݼ
˫ƺĴҶƵ˫ǰ·ʲôܶסһ㣬ܿģҶƶͷ亹ϸһЩ
֮һʱȫȺֻǾĶҶƣҶ̧ͷţƺһ׵գԲûп˵
˺ܾãֱҶЩȵʱȺ΢΢ЦЦɫǸղŵƽˡ
ƶѾˣ֮ǰİûһ֣ôҶҲְˣȺǺһЦҶƵ˵ɣƾʲô˵κúƶаǷƷҩµҸȺŵλϽЩҲѾֶƹܶˣûһοԽ缲׸ġ
ûҶƿڣ鼱æ˺ǿҪ̤볤ˣҲ¶̫ϢⱻͰ˵ĸͿԡ
ҶޱȵЦЦһߵͷһߵ壬ƷҩǻԵɱ֤ͨﾳͨһ׶ʩչԭĹϱս׻ͬһԵĶⷨʵԶԶͬˡ
Ҷ٩٩̸Ⱥϲŭûκα顣
ͬһԵĶڷҵײյϢһһɽݶοֻϢڳͻţ˭Ҳ˭ϢײһɻȻڵа𡭡
аԴȺЩˣ̲סʵ
ȻĻʵףֻҪԴֻҪζҩģԽа𳹵׸ΣҶЦ
жٰգȺüͷʵ
ųɣ

ջݣ캮ѩЩȺЩ㵵Ŀе嵥ͷ̧עҶƣֻҪЩҩģܹƶĲκã
ȻҶƵ㣬ո鱨ҩģЩҩĲôϡȱҲǶôģ֮ƽһЩҩĶѡ
ȺȵԭǣΪҶƻûʨӴ󿪿ڣû뵽ϵĶЩͨҩġֻҪһͨͨҩľܹԼʮѣҲ̫ϷЩɣ
壬ңҸֵܣȻûаյ飡Ҷɫǳࡣ
ͷӣҶֵܣκаĻһҪúøлЦ
ƶҶȥرȡЩȺʹκҺƶĲ֢ȺȻ㵱ѣ
ҶЦЦȺǳû˵ʲôһ仰ҪԼѡ̺ζޱˡ


106 Զ
ȺƶҶҲ
ҶƣҺƶֵƣҾͽҶֶɡȺɫƽҶֶ֪ƶƵʱܷһԹۿأģҾԲŵǡ
ҶƼæص壬Ȼû⣡
Ⱥ˵ͷ̶ĿŵϣƶĺأȺ٩ƵĺӣһֱЦ
ͷӣʲô˼һϹģͲҹκӰƺ
ʵƵĺΪаԭëʢĺܿ죬ֻܶһ룬˾ԴӺĪĵɾ֮󣬾Ȼû
ưԼһۣͷĴҶ߳˴
ͷӾϵ㲻Ҫ⣡ЦʮȥȡЩҩģСװţҶƴ˸ոյƫڡ
뷿֮ڣⷿ䴦ƴһ֪žߵķ
ҶƹţҲزȺܹʶɨ赽Բûʲô̫Ĺϵ
ڴǰ˫עǰ棬Щĵĵϵܣʹɣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһġ񣬽Щ˹һһ򿪣ʱһɱĺڷ֮
ݣ캮ѩЩǼҩģƱļƺЩԿڣɺһ֣ƵɫͲ࣬ϾǷǳẮġ

ǿʶˣҶ΢΢һЦȻʶȺˣҲż̵ĽһΪ߰ɫǹɾ˵ĺȻ˲Ҷһ˿ôҶС
ף
ڵȺһԱߵߵϲ캮ѩǻᶳһЩɣ
ԱߵȷǵġƶΪҲҿȥⶫҲֻý鲼˫֮ϣԷϡ
˼Ⱥ˵ͷעҶƵһһ
ҶĽ߰껨һɹȵĺڷţⷿƣ»ֱӴڶȫɱ
Ҷȴ·һӰ죬ϸϸĿеĻ꣬˫ɵ·ɣ߰껨ڳһԳͼ˫͵߰껨Ӱ֮ƯڿС
ҪˣҶͬʱ˫͵ؽƬƱǺųƿͨĵ˲Ĵѣ¶ı
Ƭ͵˱ϣĺȫӿƵ֮ڣԴԴϵĺ˸о
ҪôҶ촽ʵ
ͷųʹɻٶ
ҶƵͷĻתơ
Щʹı˫ֻۣһ˲䣬ڣս˳ȼա
ҶƵƻƱϣ˿Ϊɵ˫ƺǻԺ˵ġ
ͣ
ҶƵ˫ͻȻһϸ΢ǾŰ껨ͻȻϢڻһűĶűȻȫƵڡ
˻
ƵһȫȫǻԵģͻȻǿĺֲֵܵʴȻЩ
Ҷٷǳ죬üһɲǣѸٵĳ֮бݣȵ磬죡
ʶĳͣͻȻоһɲܰԼݱԼУ̲סĳȥ
漴˵嶼΢΢¶һһ䣬ɫҲһһġ
ŶȻҪԶȺüͷ۲ҶƵĶûģǰƾԵʵѹаҲԹҪа𣬵û뵽üҩԶ
Ŵͣ治ðɭɭǱݾȻ˺Ҫ
Ҷٶȼ죬͵ؿƫϴ͵Ĵһ£漴ڲӴ˼£ƵɫĻָ
ǹɺҲɹĽڣڹɼ֮ɼ֮ײƸоҪ⾪ײ֮±ճɷɻһǶɱ顣
Ǳ찡
ƴʱ˿Ƿǳʹģǿⷭ츲صʹȴûһ֣ôıͦ
ҶЩĿһۣѸټӿ˫ϵĻ

ΪֻΪͨľʹϢٴξҵײһ𡭡ǻ뺮ͬĽ֣


107 
䡭
ƵھȻ˵ͳıը˫ĿҲͻȻſһѪ˳
Ѫǽϣʱּ˵һ߷ͬҽһͬͬʹǱ⣬ϢѸ͵ײš
Ϣﵽ˵ʱջڵѪСΪͣߣԵĺǱˣ
ҶƲҵԲκһЩ
Ťĳ̶ԽԽҶ漴͵س˺֮еջ͵شԼָ䴦ƳһʺѪΣѪθһ֣ڵϢѹ˲١
Ѫεεջ֮ϣʱ׵ջʺɰһ㣬ͨ죬ɢŰƴʱҲѾ˱ıԵˣŰûҶǿ壬ֻоʹൽʧȥκθоҪѿһ㡣

Ȼһͨһ׵СӸҶ޲ߵܸоģһȺų
Ⱥû˵ֻǾʶоŷڵһһ
ã֮ںƶڸǹɻҵľһȥºƶᱻ鰡Ⱥü
ڵѾڱıԵˣֿͻᱻǿ˺飡ƺǳƵͷԾ˫ȭҲݺݵ߬ţƺҪƳеҵʹһ㡣
Ⱥһ·һʮּѵľҶҪ֣Ҷֶ
㡭ֻкƶһӰɲܸ¡ףǳϽѵȴͻȻͣڵ˶Ƕ۲ŷڵһһ
ƴջҶסջ־ȻЩɫջѪһ㣬ʮ졣
⡭ǡǸȺų㶵˵ջģû뵽ջȻӣо̺İȵƺ嶼Щ
ܹһ𻯾Ⱥų𾪳ӣʵףҲǧ֮ãʲôĶûǽһоȫ֪
ȺһֱüͷҲչƺջĪһ㡣
ջǱȽԵҩģҪƣڲƽأɼ̫֮֮ǿܹ͵˵ģҶȴѪ棬ɾͲͬˣ
ջ˲౶ǰԿԽ֮˾Ȼ
Ѫǲ볤ħҲôĶЩЧþʤٵҩҩģ
Ҷֱ۲Žջ͵Ƶߣû죬ջͻһɺɫĺ˲ڣƽյ˫͵ض˶üͷչҲƸտʼôŤˡ
Ҷ͵һԼѾЩ̧ұۻۣǺأ
ⲻ֪ղָƳѪһѪӴ֮ѪǿܹľѪҲȼΣһ¾ȥһΣҪչЩܽʧȥˡ
Ҷھ񼫶ȵƣۣ˫Ѿ̲סĴˣû뵽ǿҲоƣ룬Ҫ֪ԭսҹоƣ۰
ƱüΪͣɢټӿǿ겻ģ˳ģͬޱȵĴǱ˳ɵĴһ㡣
֮֮ȻڵѪջǰˣȻలµһţƺಫĵ˲תѣջϢ͵мˡ
ջӴģȻֱӸǹѵ²Ųڻ๥ˡ
ڿϢȥ͵³һ˫˲һ˫֮һ˸ſĻ棬һ˸ĺ
һһâ֮һ漴ʧ۵׵˫ҲĻָƽ
СоΣҶƵڴϣĵ۶Ѿĺˮʪɫ˿ҲͷƤȻƣ۹ȣҪǱжǱ
Ʋ˼Ŀ˿˫֣Ĭ˰漴һĿϲ֮ӵĲˣ
ҶƿЦѣͷһᵹ˯˹ȥ
ڣǼžޱȣһصķ
߲ŵ⡭ȻȻˣ
ڸղţ˶ƫڵһϲĴһɫԵʮֹ죬ţ̫ˣ


108 
ɹˣڵһʣȺȺϣԭء
ʮЩ˽ʾ֭ڵа𣬵Ǿûκηӳû뵽һͨһ׵СӾô׵κʮ⡣
졭콫ƶԼȥȺ͵ֱʧ˴֮Сֻ¸λ
¡
ǿ̻ƵǽȺ԰ֽһ㣬ˣ漴Ⱥ˽˿ѩ׵մȾ˻ҳ
ƶҿȺЩ֪һǿĴھȻҲʧ̬⾿ʲôˣ
˷ֱ̧ۣܵȺǰָ֮ŵƵϣüͷ΢΢
һϢ
Ϣ
Ϣ
ʮϢ
ȺһֱûгҲûг˾ôվš
֮Ⱥż仺һ˫ƽ컨壬૵ҶֶǡɲⰡ
ôˣͷӣƷûиоԼֵı仯ɫ
Ȼܹల棬Υʶ⣬ôأȺֻоԼЩѣһ˳Ĭ֮С
֪˶ãźݺݵվһֵˣ
ʱӣԶȺ
ȺŹصķȫõڣȺ
ǣȻкܴʣȴΥæȥ
ͷҪҶֵôЦ
ֹǽͣȺ̾һҶôҲҵĶӰ
֣Ǵûôһ˸ȤһʱҲЩ˵
һ֪Ϊʲô˵ȺĿתƵϡ
Ƶ˵ͷ
ϸоһɣҶ֪ҶֶġȺ͵̾һ
ƼæϸĹ۲Լڣһһû뵽ԼڲǵһĻԣȻԼԼżֱһᣬһɺ˲䱻Χǽڶʱ˱
һ㶣һֻֽһԣһȵϢһ̵Ļ潫ڻ
ҡҾȻܹʹñԵĺˣƲŵ

ʲô˵Ҳκа𣬶һڣҶƾ
ûڲʹԣһʹñԣܽںϣǿΪǿԣʮ
Ҷư˵ľȻĳɹ
籾ӦòʲôӰɣҶƼæʵȻκƵа𣬵ʲôΪµĺ֢Ҷƿûˡ
ᣬڱΪκεӰ죬һƾһأֻ˵Сӹʺ̫ˣεǿһ֮Ѫ
ҶЦڣû뵽ĽаκˡҲһɡ

Ҷ͵ƣ۾ܡ
ȻǸ䣬Աߵǽȴõһ飬пڴʮƽͬһ㣡
Ҫôʵ˲ҶкȻ
Ҷӣˣڵأһ毺õŮӹĶҶƾһ
ҶƵͷлһӳȥ
һ뵽ԼܵõĽͣоһ˷ܡ˵Ǽٵģȱ˸̰ƣ
Ҷһ·ϲȺŵӣһʶֱڡ
һǹɴԵѹѾʧˣȺλ棬ЦӯӯĿҶƣԱƣɫͬǳˡ
ҶƼ壡ҶƹҪȺȴֹס
ҶֶĺãۣȺЦЦǳˬʣһõϢ
ҶҲ˷ܲѣôˣȻʵ˰ΣȺôҲ̫С
Ⱥ·͸Ҷ룬΢΢һЦ͵һ֣ɣ
Ⱥŵ̧űƥڸסûҶƲ鿴ʲôͱһɹǿϢסˣ˵
Ҷֶҿ㹦أȺŵĹҲۣҾѡʺͨʿʹõзѡһ£ҶֶʵôǿûһֵķɲУȺЦЦݷ·ҲкǿĸȾҶҲ˲١
ƿȺЩӵЩӶһµĽǰӵĲƥȥʱ䣬ɫĹ˴֮УĿϾӣԭʼҲ¶


109 
һʵɳɳͨסȺָһͨɫ׵ӵвķԸԡһֱõͨ˽ҡ
һɳɳĳԻŭ콣ӵоǿĽԵķӳɣͬõͨ˽ס
һͨ׵磬Ի硣ӵоǿķԣԵ󲿷ֵͼķȱֿܵ

һȺĸҶƽţҶƿѪڡ֪ԼʹùԵķЩֱӱӹģͣ档
ӵмǿķֿԣҶƷǳеĵطԣǿʤΣ
ڷҲһģҶܸоķкǳᣬǿҲⲻҪһЩͷһֱڴ硣
ͨʺɫԵ÷ǳأҶƽӹ˿ʮֻ壬Ҳ֪ʲôĲɵġڴһܴӣϵǰӺܸߣס
ҶȤ´磬ЩԵķȥһۡ

ҶһŤ˫ֽһף˳Լϣ˫ֻϵǰĴӣܸס磬Ҷ˷ޱȡŤŴԼ
ҶȺȻЩ㵵ģһ㶱ָ
ֻѡһҶֶȷô
ȻҶֱ˵
Ⱥ˫۷صĹâһѡܷڣãڵѪ˰ɣ
ҶƺԥĴָڱƳһѪ棬ɲ֮ѪˣֻһͨѪѡ
ǹѪĸо˲䴫˳Ҷһϸϸĸ磬ɫ
ȺЦãˬ죬Ȼ϶Ҳϸĸһ£
ҶƼĿȺȥλһ֮Ļ
żã߽ͨ׵ķ˵ǿɳɳķЩɳɳʱҲûеȼƣЧǿģķ֮ͬǿȻȱҲУǲֿܵȻȻͨȺ
ҲܵˣбЧãûǾ˲ʹߵһٶȣʱΪ룡ƾܵĴڣűͨһٶȣǼԦŷ׷ϵˣܣĪôȺעҶƵɫ
ҶƵɫһ㵣𾪣ֻʣ¿ϲˣ
ˣˣҶоͻȻȼһޱȵը˫ȫǽĹâ
ȺҶƵķӳ۵ף΢΢һЦֶһǸ״ûҰģ
л壡ҶЦĺϲ£죬󿴿ҿֵĺܡ
Ⱥɫĵ˵ͷӦõģ˺ƶô޷⣬ȻӦúúлл㣬ʵڲʲô
Ⱥţƴ֣Ҷưư졣
ҲһЦĿҶƣʵһأұܷӳҪ鹦ԼҶֵܰ
ˣʣµĶ̧ȥɣȺǼӵ
Щһ仰˵ֽЩϲƥ̧˳ȥ
ֻ֮ʣˣȺüͷǵ˼˺ܾãվǲôġ
ҶһæǫһЩСˣķ۵ģ
Ⱥ˼һ󣬻ʵԳԽͨʿ㱾Ϊֻͨһ׶ѣҲ壬ɷĺǿѪҺ֮оȻôӴһǧδҶֶ㡭ܸһôô
Ҷͷ͵ءˡһȻˣ
ȺޱӣԼĵĿǣƺ˵һ㣬ҶԲ˵ģ
ӦôشءҶѣƽʱȷûƭһλߣ¹شԼĵƣ˭͸¶ġ
գҶƻһҧԲ壬Ҳܸ㡭
ȺƺûжôľȣôƵĵ˵ͷÿ˶Լ㲻Ը˵ҲпԭҶˡ
ҶܸоȺǹŨŨʧС


110 
Ǻܿ죬Ⱥ㽫ת˱𴦣ôȻ˿κΡ
ƶ֪һҷһѶٻʲôҪôȺüͷʵ
Ƶ˵ͷ֪ʲôô
һҶƶʱ˶䣬ϸš
Ŷô֪ģȺԵЩ졣
ʱ˷ŵʦҵġƵ˵ƽʱֵģҪҲǷӡ
ŵȻҲȥ󣿡Ⱥнûεķ֣˼
Ҳܵ밡һȺʼįͺ¿ǺǡȺ΢΢һЦȤ
֪ôһôʵ
ʼ磬ʾ
ɣȺվ壬һⲽһߵһռѷ죬ͨһСǧ硣ռѷ챻Щǹͬѹסˣƽ£˭֪ǿռѷͻȻŰһʱ䳬ЩƿصķΧȺš̻һЩһɹͬȥΪһӣͬռѷ֮һ̽˵Ŵ컯޾ա
ҶԼԼ˼ּ¶ԼǩѪĲХǣӦСǧڰɣ쳽еǰ壬ǿԿףֻõܽɾĸ˹ϡһ£ġ
ֻû뵽Ȼ뵽˷šȺ̾һ
ΪʲôҪôЩۣԲܸ㲻һռѷ죬Сǧ˵ҲͻٵˡĻô飡Ʋ
ڲЩ˼ҷԴݻСǧ磬ҲһֱûʩСټһȥСǧһ̽վбͼģⲻҪŴҲǽ¼̽һǸɵǳѣΪҿľȺ̾һ
Ҷһ󼤶ֹݻСǧ磿˻˭
Ժ֮з·ٴγʥͬŮһٻӰճյؿڣձǽ̳ѪͻָҶƵȻġ
ȻһУǸǿӰǿѪľʹǿվǰ˻ֻܹŹޱ
ת˲䣬ЩԺ֮еĻӰԾ飬ֻԼЦģ
վҪٴΡôҶ΢΢̾Ϣһڣ۵ŨصʧС
Ҷֶ
Ⱥĺ
Ҷû˿ɴǰ
Ҷֶ
ร壬ʲô飿ҶŻ˼ʵ
Ⱥĺʮ㣬˿ûΪҶʧеߣ෴ȻޱҶֶô㣬ŵĵӣ֪ʦӺδ
Ҷƹ壬СֶʦɾһƵСš
ôſղ󷢳͸ƶһȥһ˰ɣ͵ǸǺˣȺ
ҶɫЩǿǿĿ⣬ǴӦ
ҪԣЩԵĺãҶе
ã²˳٣ҷʱӦѾˣҲѳҲжɣȺϣƶǧҪȺŵ棡ҵĶӣ
֪ͷӣӻôЦţ͵һ֣һɻһɺͬʱ֮ڣһͬһġ
ĻյԽԽˣȺǰһĵĴ͵
ϣԺʱڶȡǳںϣʱĲǿˣȺ˵ͷ㻹ǵøлҶֶκ缲һһ컯ǺǡҶֶȺŵѣ˴ǰȥҪȫ
ƲͷĻ˻ֵͷⲻ˵ϻôҶֵܣȻñ˵
ǳɣȺʲô󣬿ȥȡһЩҩ
ͷӣҵĴأƶҶʹ˸ɫ˿ٵĵȥ
Ⱥɫһƶ˵Щʲôɫûüһ䣬ЩûбֳҶƿٵߵ˴ƴ󴦡
˻û˵ʲôĻֱ̤ƴʹ֮ڣһ׹Ѿ֮Ĵˡ
ɫÿһֱĥŸԼǾ仰һҪ£ˣʲô취£ɣҲҪ䱣õĹϵ


111 
ҶûвƵ飬̤Ƶıս֮ϣǱսĺ֮ɢĻȻɭȻİɫɫĻ粻ϵţȻŷ˿˿ĺ˲
սٶƺҲ˽֮һĨɭ׵ĻڿһţӵдͨߣȻ˵Ϣ
˲˴ı߾Ǳսӭſŭţһ˻ɽͷһֱ̾ӳһɽ֮ϣȻǧ֮ң
ʵоҶƵЦڸƵĹ֮ҲΪ޴ͻͨһ׵ﵽͨףʵҲǿ࣬ڱϢõĸˡ
Ƕϵ㣡ǿһЦȻΪûߣҸоҲһٽ㣬ܹΪһ壬ôҵͨҪȱǿ࣡
ҶƵ˵ͷЦӯӯϿԿҲʮ˷ܵġһ֮ˣ
˷ɾʱһ޴ʯ鳯Ÿ߿֮зеҹƺХĿ硣
Ҷ۾żӽʯ飬ֵͽ׵ͨһȭ飡
Ȼ죬ֻһ̧֣һӴɭɫĻ潫ʯΧһϢòʯͻΪ˷ɻҡ
ԼһѾѲɽ֮еһޣǾͨԵĴؾᡣ
ۿһУǴؾҲƺ˸Լǵģæŵ֮ȥֻ¶һسβ͡
ƿҲѸٵǰ˸ӡһ죡

һƬɭɫĻʱͬˮһֱӴϿȥǽӴɽʯȫϢڻˣͬһǴؾĵ洦
Ϊ굽˵ҾκβˣƿҲԼĳɹս͵һٴԸٶȳǰȥ
ҶѵĿһƬɽѾȫյڻˣֻڵһ޴ӣûмؾ壬Ѿһճ˷ɻҡ
ؾͨ׵ޣ²һе⣬ҶҲΪƵʵ
ӷ֮䣬ƸоԼڵȵϢһɲ֪ϢĴٺ֮£ȻһںţѾలµȻٴںϲһ
ڵĸоЩȣҲЩ䣬ȫ֮ͬһ㣬ʱԭ
أ
ƵͷϢڣڷУ˫֮˸ɭ׵ƺܹһС
ҶͻȻоɢȵĳһҪȥһ̽ȳˡ
ڵͨѪЧںһҪǰҲΪϵĳȥ쳣
ҶüͷûȥսȻڿԼٶȷţû˲ٿءһƬǻԭ˾
ںϵʱ򣬾С컯ʱ򣡺ߣǱˣҡҡͷ
Ƶˮһ㣬ϵĳԷ͸͸
һХ˫ͻȻڡȼɭɫĻ棬ʱƣɭ׻淭ڵԽԽңȻҶƣȴǹķ֣ɭ׻֮ĿԽԽ䡣
Ǽ֮뼫ཻ֮ĲôҶƾ
ʱҲƺָ־˼ĿȼŵıĻ棬૵ҾȻںϳɹˡҾȻںϳɹˡ
ʵҲܹɽȻ෴ںϾƴ½ǧһۣƴ½ûģȻҲѪûѪǲܽɽȻ෴ϢںΪһģ
ȻҲűİ취ǾټҪȻΪƴ½ǧûмܹӵںأ
ϲˣҶϾЦ⣬ϵף
ŴӻȻ֮лعвıɭɫĴĻ棬ƺʲôסһ㣬Ҳ˵
ϵܡ̾Ϣһ֪һжҵģֵ֮Ҳ˵ʲô𡭡ںԵ֣ȡ
ҶЦŴӦˣ˼һᣬ΢Ц뼫ȵײ뺮Ľ֣ͽɣ
ǰһ͵ؽ˻ȥϲãͽ𣡡
ͷӰ㽻ҵ飬û뵽ô˰ɣѾԳɹںһҵʵӦҲгɣһ㶪ģĵ


112 ̤
ӴǷҲҪµʱ䣬߽ͨ׵˵½ձɵ
ǰ˳еԼѾϵ˴ˣ۲Զƾٶȣӡ
ƺֱӴӴϿշɹɭ׵Ļ治֪ö˿Ŀɿڴ
⡭⾿ʲôͨȻǰɫĻ棡һʿĿգ
ҲͬеʿЩʿҲĿŵ֮Ǽ֮İɫ֮ϡ
δ˵ԣ˭һʿ
ҪҪȥһ̽һڼįʿͬеʿ
ȥɣܶǿʿҴˣȥڸģܹĿһǿʿһӵǿͨһʿæȵ
԰԰ǰЩʱҾȻۿһ䲢СУȻһһͨʿ˸ͬһ㣬ҲҪĤݣ
ôܣѵǷŵˣŲһ򲻲ôǸʿʵ
˭֪أǸʿֻԵϷСһ䣬˭֪СһҲ飬ֱһţһƽˣͷʣ£Ǹʿµ
˻˵һҲҿ֮ǰɫһۣļ·
ҶлĿԼʮĹңޱȡ
սٵڿʻţۿϾҪҶ̵硭֪ûֿ֡ԸıòĶ
һ㶣漴ʶҪֶʲô
ҶƵҲˡ
ЦЦҵֵܣ治ô㣬ĺˣ
ǣ磡ҶЩֱȥĻҺѰ죬Ĳ˿ҡ
Ǹ㲻㣡εıòĶûУڵòĶҵС˵ţƴӿռָóһɫ֣ҶƵɡ
Ҷһ㶣磬ǿɶʿҴʶǿɨ赽ҵòġ
صЦЦͲ˰ɣϵܣѵõķǿֹʶ̽ģ
ҶЩŵĽ˹ֽԼժһͷɢͷĺڷɢϣס˰֮µĲֻ֣¶һ˫ɫ۾Ե鶯ޱȡ
ֽ˽һñӣƽʱǿ۵ģһֽǺڷסˣ·һӣ棬ñΣڸסϰ
ͲҪıܹϳˣµĴҶƣЦҶϲأ
ҶƺԼͷҲ⣬˵ͷǺã磬Ǽ·ɣ

ɽָͬʴΧкܶͰɽ嵱ģƶɽİɽƮԵþ˼ɾһ㡣
ҶһƵıսĽȥŸƵɽ壬һ̤ǽݡ
ʼ磬εҲҶһݣĽͬһ㣬ͷ
˾ôƽ͵ĳ̤ȥһһݣ˿Եüꡣ
Ҷз·˵Լ㽣ͨĲݵӡǸʱԼ桢ɰڵԼȫɱ䣬ȴһε̤ݡ
ΣȻͬݣȻͬĿģ
˱ϾʿҲķٰʱ䣬ʵñսϢʱܹȥģƲûԹԣôҶơ
ɽ嶥Ҷ͵شһڴĿ֮ŵŨؾԵ˷
˿첽ڲȥ
ʾǵ뺯ǰסˡ
ƲͷĴӿռָ֮Ž뺯Ӹˣӿ뺯дŵȺ֣ʱЩֽ֣̿뺯˻
Ⱥŵĵѣ
˵˵ͷô˽ȥ
һƾ޴ɽ壬һƬƬƺ֮ͬһ
ʱѾˣǿʿԶڴˣͬԼϤõ̸ţΪǶܹܵģһǼš
Ƕܹʵӵһ⡢˷ܲѡ


113 ȺӢۼ
ƲмЩʿΪ飬ֱȥֻд֮ڲǢ̸ĵط
˽ȥʱоüǿĿ̹ھȻźüǿĲƵϢҶ΢΢̧ͷڴ֮Ѹٵɨһۡ
һ޴ĴȻ״СһЩͨʿ࣬ڲǿʿλãŴһԲεԲżλ԰׵ߣʵɲ⡣
мǸִϳ죬Աߵϳüһ΢΢Щߣ̬ԲֻϸС۾治ʱ¶һĨΪĹâ
ڲλϵЩˣҶֻ΢΢ɨȥȻԼ˼ĺŮɶƺǰ˼֣ԵøӵһϮȹŮһ㡣
ɶԱǸӰҶƲǣǸܸԼ쳽ǸԼаħһһȭ˵쳽
ͬһϮۣƽտʵЦѾʧȥˣȡ֮ޱĳĬƺʲô鶼Įһ㡣쳽Աߣ磬ô䵭ֻ۾רעĿǰ
ԱһҶƲʶӣƽʵҲɲ⡣
ʣģʦҲڴУǵ͵ı˫Ŀͷ߶ʲôʦߣһϮɫװʿǰԶצͷˡ
ư˽ȥſڽǰһȺŵѵ
ҶƿɶԵĻعͷԼһۣæͷ˽¶Լ塣
λȺưɣӢ۳꣬Ͽ쿴ƣЦ
ƲҵæΪҶҲ񣺡쳤ϡ
úúãһЩ£Ц
ٴθ˾һҵһǰŵλҶȥ
û취һһλãһɰųɶƶ˵һҶԼ۵Сۡ
˿ԱߵĳɶҶҧҧǸλϣСĽԼȫڸס±Աߵ˲ʲô
ɶҲǺĿҶһۣû뵽⸱ģҲǿһ۶ѣûнעҶϣר־콲š
СǧռѷҲм񻯵ĺۼСǧڿΣأҲʧһѵ֮ӵǣҲΪûпȥĵطеհɣСǧһ컯ͬʱҲżգټλǰһ̽ͬ󵰸⣡Цеĵ
˶û˵ʲôϸϸȥ
õʲô󶼲棬˭õ˭ģܹƽɣ
ڳ˽Զͷ
ὫȫУҿµʱ䣬ºǰǴռܷõ컯ܷ񵽱ɶԼˣĻǳɿԣһЩѾЩˡ
ǰŵЩ˶ûʲôʾǶǸǿһȻôûʶ
Ƕ̽Լһᣬ˭Ҳûбʾ
ǰһ飬жҪȵ֮󣬽λŶЩƷ˼ζվӣЦе
棬ɢ˰ɣ
ŵЩ˺Ȼȫӿ˴ҶҲϽվԳɶ±ʲô
Сӣˣ֪㣡ͻȻҶƶӿһϤʱһ亹æܣȴûпһӰ
Сô𻯾ǿߣǧǿãڴأסһңҶ¿˭ⲻɾôȻôޱڲأ
ҶԵЩߵƵ磬ЩҪȴһ£Ͳͬˣ֮һɣ
Ȼ棬Ҳûжʣ˵ͷ;Գȥ
Ҷƿڵ˲඼ɢˣװĵȥ߳Ǹٴδ˹
ߣСֱߣ
ҶƼæұȥһֱ˼ףſǰиС֣æ˹ȥ
Сôһ˫ͻȻҶƼ˼£ǳЦӾҶǰϷŴ󡭡
ҶƼæ˦֣仰Ӧ㣬ôɾӦûûôǷɣ
ʼ磬νǰȷʵǷҵģҴһġ


114 ޸п
ӱģ㻹󵨰ѵͲ±˷֣ҶƵɴ˫۵
ʲôôҵݣһһúõһҲͨ׵ΪˣСҲͨ׶ѣ㲻ôģôõ츳ȥáװǳϧ
˵ô࣬ҹĵޱûУҶƵ
ޱôΪɵޱһ۾ϳΪ˱ǣҲûнޱ̾˿
Ҷһ֪ѩޱڻȫ֮Ҳʲôˣ𻯾ʵ㱻˲ӦҲ˳ߡ
ҲˣҶЩǸԭڵĴʦ֣ھڽնڽն񽣡ȻҶƵ֮£ȴҲº̵ӡ
ǰСӳҪŸôʱȥˣΪһҲŵһûеطȥҽˣͷ
Ҷƻĵ˵ͷȴٴʵСôʱȥȫûκϢôȺŵ쵽һȥˣô£
Ҷҡҡͷ̫࣬һʱҲ˵ףô͸ҵģ
΢΢ЦЦһ֣һֻϸСۼĳӴָ׷˳ôĵȷܺã𻯾Ҳһܹ֣ҵĳӿǶһ޶ģʶϵζ
ҶƿСɳ棬ôСĳӣʲôô
ȻĽ棬ֻСֻҪҧһڣҲҪʮϢ̶֮
Ҷһ󺮲ǲηκζҩġ
ˣǲΪ˶ڵĲرңǰԿ쳽ϣղ밡ҶƵ
üͷȷǴ򿪴Կף˭Ҳûй涨ԿֻһѰ
Ҷһ㶣ʲô˼
صһЦӿռָ֮óһԲε壬ѩޱһģһ
㡭ԭҲСҶƾúϲ£죬Ͼѩޱ߹Կֻһѡ

罫ԿӸҶƣȴǾҶһæң°ˤˤˣɵŭʲô
ʼǸܽСǧ֮ˣǾԲҽȥģԿ׾ͽ㣬ϣܽرҴ򿪣ȡҶڵıɣ
ĪǺңռѷɲֹһӱĵطȥҲ԰ҶЩͷԡ
ô˵ҽȥǿԽȥƴʹѾĹˣҲͨƴӳˣԳִƿռĻȺƥǷֻܰԿ׽̸ˡ
Ҷϸһ󣬷˵ĻеҲû˵ʲôԿ׷˿ռָ֮УΪʲôȥҲǿô
һЦҶƵļЩŹֵΪѽҵֶŮ
Ҷûüһ죬ＫȫûʲôĻҾˣ
ȥɣסСǧ֮Ҫһɾϣˣ˻ֵ˲ʧԭء
ҶװµӳȥĻϤޱȣȻС־ǵҫ͵ĵطԼҫɶĳ˳ȥء
뵽ҶЦǰԼѾôɵҶˡ
Ŀĵ棬ҶƿǸƵɽ壬ʱִϳ쵱۵Լ󵨷龰漴Ǹֳһ˿ůЦ⣬ǰУԼסԺǰǿյû˾סҶһСᣬĬĬɨһܣȷû˵ʱѸٵĳ˽ȥ
ԼĴϣϤĶһĪʧӿͷԱ棬Ѿ˺һҳû˾סµġ
⡭
Ժ⴫ٵĽŲҶһæɾ˷һԾȥ
ǰߣѾȫֵȺ֪壬һԴ⡣
ǳɶסҲԼΪ㽵ĵطҶƿ˿һԴڵĻݲݣипǧԼɵĸɶ򱨸棬дһŤŤ֣ԼҲ̲סһЦ˳
ЦЦţͲܿƵۿûѡ񱣻ޱԣչһɣ˵Լлܹ׷ɶԼĿԶŮˡԶֻѾزȥˡ


115 ߴ
֪ҲЩʿҲԻصס
̾һҶѸٵԭ·ءŵǸס޵ĵطģҶƲϰ˯ֺķ䣬͵͵ٴθ˻ȥصԼԺ䡣
ߵԺſڣҶһϸСġ硱ƺںԺʲôһ㣬ʱǱ˺ڰ֮У͵ش˷Ժ档
ȷû˺ҶĵĽŷϣĴ򿪷˽ȥƾо˴ߣһ⿪Ҫȥ
ͻȻҶ͵ش˫۵ɵþ޴󣬿ŴϣһƬڰҶܹһЩġ
ϵıӾȻĹĵģ֮ҶƸոôķӦΪоȻһŷǳĶͬ޻һ㡣
Ҷ͵ƿӣûϸ鿴ʲôʱһҵѪζ䣬Ҷüͷһ壬ŴϿȥ
һ˵ͪ壬ȫֻһ˯⣬ɢһţ΢΢Ĳţƺûȥ
Ҷۼֿ죬͵ؽ̧ϸĹ۲壬ҶƵûκַ˼ֻΪѰϵ˿ڡ
Ůǰһ޴ѪѪǴؿģŮȻһЩʶ촽ͣĲţͬһ㣬
Ҷ˼һ£ǴӿռָͳһöƷҩС̧ŮӵͷСιУǿ˵ĵҩ
ŮҲ֪ǲҲҶƵĻǿŬĽöСȥһСƣûܹⵤǿЧϾһǶƷһƷ
СֻܻĻָƣֹѪҲЩ
Ҷʵ벻ԼΪʲôһŮˣһǲ㱻ɱŮˣоԼࡣ
СڣǸŮӵʹҲ˼֣ѪĲôֲˣĹ˲һյʱ䣬ǰ˿Ҳɺˣҿ˿ڴŪģֻûͨʵȻһͨͲҶƿˡ
ֹһĹŮӲ۾Լһİ§ڻеʱ򣬶ʱҶһ¶ס졣
ô㲻ĻͽаɣҾа㺰һ˲Ĳӡ˵ţҶƵֿŮǻĲϣ˼£Ůȴߺ첻ѣ
ףҶƸоЩ棬ŮӵķӳΪʲôôһЩٴİ˼¡
Ů͵رýֱһĲţ촽ҧסʹԼ˫ȴѾץסҶƵĸ첲ָ׸ǶҶƵ档

Ů͵صһȥҶƵĻУƺ嶼쳣ҪҲ
ҶŸо˲ԣæŮӲϵɿɻιСˣô֢״ѵ𴦻ˣ
Ů͵һҧҶƵļϣһӡȻ͵ؽҶƿҸƴˣϣ˳Ҷײ
ŮӱЩʧѪ࣬ոٴαҶƴеĵطĸôΣȻ֪ľ͡ˣͬ޻һûа
ҶƷŭѣȵô£ʱˣԺľû뵽ȻôʶôȻͼϮңΪ¸
ŮӺҪɱҪ㣬ǸҲҲģ
Ҷһ¸ɻˣ˵˵ĵĲŽǸոĵȵȣŮҲƺʲô£֧֧˵ڡ
ԭҡŮӵͷӵ漴͵صôһҪģ
ҶƲͷĽƿڰ֮ҲûȥעŮӵòô£ǰңУô
Ůͬɵһ㿴ҶƣΪʲôҵķ䣬Ȼ
Ҷһ㶣½ĵӣ
ǣǰЩ¸սģŮӵͷ
ҶȻֲŮӳԭ½ӷסİ
˵ɣô£ΪʲôҪɱ㣬ǸʲôȻˣҾͲòһˣҶƹ磬ոǲ㽫·ȫ


116 ʮ
ŮȻûҶõںڰ֮ҲǿģӰѣǿӴϷŷԼæñӽԼ˸ʵʵ
Ҷͽ忴˱顣
֮Ůιι˼Ȼƻûк䣬ȡȰѵƵ
ҶΣֻõϵ͵ƣ΢Ļ˷䣬Ҳ˶Էò
Ҷ͵סˣͣŮ΢һ˿ߺϣþòԸȥƺǴһ㡣
ŮӿҶƣȻҲЩ⣬ǷҶƻĿʱηĳˣҪʲô
ҶЩѹɫЩΣŮ٣Լڵ飬ǳɶѩޱ־ŮӣǰޱȵŮӵƾòƺҲǣһһֺ̬ĽߣҶƴһ˵
㡭ҶƱȴͻȻ֪ô˵ˣ֧֧İ˵
ŮӺ޺޵ĿҶһۣҲǸˣղҲҾȲ׷Ĺʧˣ˵ʧֵʱŮɫٶȺ΢΢˲
桭㡭Ϊʲôҵķ䣿ŮĶҶƵ˫ۣʵ
Ҷʵﱾҵķ䣬ѾʮǰˣΪû˾סû뵽ȴס˵ţҶƿ˿ϣ֮ǰǲĻҳȻȡ֮Ǹɾķ䡣
ϴʱﻹ࣬û뵽ס˽
ˣɱ˭ȻˣͲ±˴סҶЩŵû뵽֮һĵӾȻʢʱ⵽˵ĴɱϷأ
ûҶƿ϶ǲŵġ
Ůĵ̾˿ץס˱ӣģ䶯ˣĵĴӴͳһɫСƿӣҶƣżȻõģҲûиˣʮȴģ
ʮ˭ҶƲʵ
˭ﱲ쳽ʦֵӱ˵ԶװˣһֵղŵԼ󣬲ʵȴǷǳǿѾͨʮ׵ΪֻҪõһͨԽͨŵ˲þҪһͨҸľֻԽԽԶŮӷŭ߬ȭͷ֪Ȼգڵŵû˸ŵҲ֣һŰ˵ã֪СƿǱ治ö֣ҹȡҪոĽŲ֮ܵ󣬿ҡ
˵Ůӵ֮ѾŭݺݵñҧӣԿǼȷŭ
飿쳽Ҷһ㶣漴ЦѣһΪ˭أ쳽ʦֵô
ŮȻĿҶһۣʵڿʲôͬģʱҶѾȥûڸò
˰ɣ쳽֮ͬǿһˣŮɶҪ֮أŮӲŵĴҶơ
ҶЦѣǸʮҪĶ㲻Ҫɱ㣿ˣˣֻˣ
ǣʵһҪǧУԽͷ֮ޣŮҵĲҡҷĻϵӰţǾӾǷŭҲԵ
ҶƱһĶ˶漴¶һ˿ȻĵЦ⣬ͷٳˡ
㲻ҪôҾˣһͳĹЦ󷿼һű߿һӰ˽
㡭㡭Ůӵɴ˫ۣͻȻǰʮԭûߣ
ʮ͵Ťһ£ȻЦСӣ컹ͦӲôҲϽǲǣ漴ĿתŮδüɫСƿӣЦȫѹ򰡣
ŮӽеѵͲҽгĳǲŹģ
ʮЦѣȺ϶дͣﶼһЩŵӣȥʣĸŵӸʮģ㻹ǹԹԵİǶɣ˳ˬһˬǹ˵С۾ӶҪѳֲסˣӦûǸûܹŮ֮°ɣӾˣˬҹ
Ůߵͨ죬ȴ˵ɵýĿͶҶƵϡ
Ҷװûµһ̧ͷ컨壬νĴſڣ²ؼ߸߹
㡭̫ſˣҡҵˣǲµĻ;ֺܳˣŮӹ򶨵ָҶƶʮ
£
ҶͷߵĿŮӣǾ֮ϾȻһ˿ɫɵһ


117 
Ŷԭﻹи˰ڸ̫ˣӾȻûз֣ʮŵҶƣ֮дӡ
ҶƼæԴ̾һĵһʤ߼ӷ𡭡ޣôҲѧһˣ
ŮҲǽеϣŵҶƵϣóһöСӦҲֻǲ֪ǲʮĶ֡
ҶڨЦѵλ磬ôӢһ֪ǷˣλҲȷţкãŹɣ
˵СӣСƤҪˣ㲻Ļ͹ԹԵĸҹȥӦҲɣ㻹дഺ껪أһСİ˾군ˣʮЦ˿ûаҶƷС
Ů˫֮͸ŨŨıˣǰԼָ˭أҪ־͹Լûʵֻɣ
ҶЦԴҪຩжຩ񣺡λ磬Ӧôҹ£
ʮһѪҲɵҶڹϷˣԼʱ䱩ףһƳҶȥӴƣŮһС
СӸˣӣӽҪжһ첲
ʱʮĿҲŵҶƵϣĻ֮£֮ϽԶЦ⣬ƺͲԼĴһ㡣
ֻ֣һɵӣڶȫİգ
ʮʶΪԷǵһ֣ԼʵǼΪŵģһȥһ޴ʯͷҲ÷ǣ
СƤģǱôãⶫóˣȰ˴ſ£ڵ㣡ʮЦ
Ů˫֮¶һ˿̣漴ͷȥ
Ҷ΢΢Цţ΢ţһڰۣżٵʮ³һ֣
ޱȵһ³ǿĴͬ޴ؾһңʮԴ˵һ죬ðǣвһѪ
һƻҶϣȴûиκ˺֮ʮֹȴǡꡱһѿ
ʮҵŶ䣬ٴһѪոյľ޴ͬըһףܵ˼ΪصˣҲ˵ֹǶѵľʹסҽС
ҶǴ¶һ˿ЦҿǻˣȻҶҶ֣
ʮ͵˺üٴϸĴҶƣҶ磬ûпȺŵĵۡ
ôʮݺݵʵ
Ҷû˵ҲûзϣɳĬ
ȻĵӣͺðˣȰ㻹Ǳ飡ʮȻ֪ԼжԷɫڲΪֻ֪ҪԼ̧쳽ţһŵƨ
ҶͶ䣬ŶҪҵŮˣҲ֣ҵҪʣƾʲô˵ţ۾ĳŮɨȥ
׼ۣһֻ۾СƤţһɫˣ
ŮӿҶƴеǰȻôϸĴԼӲɵЩߺ죬ԭոյųװģ˾ȻʵôǿѾͨ˰ɣ
ôţŮٴ̧ͷҶӢĲһסˣԵޱᣡ
ʮһ˿ŭŭĺƾʲôƾ쳽ʦ壡
ͣ
Ҷ̿ѵ쳽նʮꣿʮꣿѾ˽ɣһ治֪ôģУ쳽Ȼ壿ҵıֻ֣
ʮŭձ˵ȷҵ壡ʦ֣͹ԹԵİǸƿøңҿԿǷһ
ҶЦĸˣָʮЦȻ쳽壬㻹һһʦ֣һһʦ֣ʦأأ
ʮɫһһףԼʵԶԶϲ϶Էˣ
̫֪ˣһŹģʮ˫֮оѪ˿û뵽˾Ȼη쳽ţ
ҶЦ⽥𽥱ޱ飬ֱ˫֮һɱ⣬Ժ֮вĸֳ˵Сǧ֮еĳ
쳽һϮ۵ĸԼ飬Ǹ߸ϵڲмĿŵ͵ȵϣƺվ˵Ƹߵ㣬ÿһ¶ȷģΪҪǣɶȻҲվǱߣ
ŭֹķŭŭޱ޼ʵķŭԶʮһ仰˳
ҪйҪɱˣ
ҹʲô쳽سȻңǡ㡢͡ҡȥɣҶƵͺһһһٵ˫֮ȵɱӿ֣ǹɱɱʱխķڡ


118 
ò˵ʮԹɫļʮҶɫתΪȷŭʱǲƽľĻҶ˵ֽ꣬һ͵شһɫı⵶ȻǷǾԲǷƷǷܹĵбܿ
ɱңҲȶ㣡ʮȷˣûҶ˵껰͵سҶȥڿл̶죬˶Ĥʹ
Ҷ΢΢̧̧ƤмӭĵУһ̽Ȼָӭ˹ȥ̬ޱȣƺնĲһһƮƮ

ŮٶȾĴһĿѪһĻֻСֽ۾ηڴš˲úܰǿͨʮʿĹҪ˵ôĵˣһҲ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʮɫһϲҶôУҲļӴм⵶ȵԴĺҲ㣡
ꡭ
оȻ޳ָסҶƷ·һ΢Сһ㣬ЦͨʮףҲˣ
ȻСңʮͷ¶͵˫סȫѹȥ
ҶָǴɽһΡ룬ʮѹȥһ˿һʮĿ¶Ȼ֮ɫֱֵʹȴʼոо۵ͷΪ޴ľ֣ȫսš
̫ˣǰδеľӿʮͷǰҶͬһֻŻͻȻճ˿µֱδţҪ֪Լͨʮ׵ʵôô׵Ľȫһ
ˣҶƲмĺߵͬʱָͬʱһУšꡱһǾִĸֵȻôֱӱҶָ飬ʮֱֻҲһ³ȥ

ҶְѵƬӵ˵ϣ˦˦ֲм㻹ʲôȫʹɣǱˣ
Ů˫棬еĲҽûСÿ˫֣ȴĵһĻоС¹ײһԺ֮һʱǰֻʣҶǸߴҲݲκδڡ
ÿŮԼĻΣҲ⣡Ҹո˻Լ
Ůӷ߽һ˵ʲôҶȴû
㡭ҪǸɱңһŹģʮҽһѾֱۣ͵سȥ
ҶӰһ㣬˲˸ʮǰָ鵯ʱüȵһĲʮ֮Уʮ˫۵ɵþ޴ĵ
Ҷһüӭŵµʮʬ͵һ߹ȥһء죬ʮʱͬ׷ɵһֱֱĳڵ֮зȥҲ֪ȥ
Ҷʼ磬תߵڣŮӳԵɫһüǸʮѾˣҲɱˣ㾡ܷĺˣ
Ů¶һ˿Ȼлл㡭һ֪أУ㾿ǲĵӣ
ҶЦЦǰǣڲˣУҽҶơ
Ůӵ˵ͷʾԼסˣֵҽĽܷܷסˣ
Ҷƹͷ֪ΪʲôΪԼ˵֡
Ľܷܷ۵Сһ죬ƼһֻɫСƿӣơ
ǸʲôҶɻ
ĽܷܷһŮӣͱסıʮձ׼˭罻Ҷʦ֣Ҳֵɣ
ҶСƿӣ˵ģƿӱ̻ķƾ󵽣ƿ֮϶ǺöȻ˭ôľȥ̻أ
ȡ
ƿ͵رĽܷܷˣƿһʱһ͸ƿڿԿһɫҺ壬ֻһڱоͨ泩ƺȫë׶˿
öҶ۾漴
УҲܽܣҪǳ֮ΣôҶƻ飡ҶԴǵ
Ľ˿Цһʲô֮ΣҶʦҵ²ⶫҪʮߣܷܷҲ˵꣬ĵͷȥ
Ҷƻûбʾ鼱еСɵ𣿾Ȼô£֪Ķʲôӹ
Ҷ֮һ죬ʶִĽܷܷ۵нӹСƿӣƲСĽܷܷ֣ûʲôӳĽܷܷȴŵýһ˻
ǹôǹôĽܷܷ֮һƬңϵĺ˼ţߵͨ죬̧ͷȥҶơ


119 Ͻָ
ҶƽɫСƿװ˿ռָ֮УŴϳĽܷܷתߣ뻹ͣ
ҶѸٵĴӿռָ֮ͳսɻ𻯾ĿռָĶȫתƵԼռָ֮У漴ǸռָݸĽܷܷ
ʶһ͵ɣѪͿ᷽ģҶƽռָ˹ȥϵĿĽܷܷ˫ۡ
Ľܷܷһ㶣ʶĴҶƽӹǿռָҶƿǺ̬ӣɵЦЦǰס裬ָȥ
ͨķأԺĶͿЯˣҶƶ͵
Ľܷܷû˼ȥҶ˵ʲôԺ֮˵ը죬ֻһҴ˽ָҴ˽ָ
ҶûͷûԣȻһŮʿִϿռָΪʲôֻȷϵ֮󶩻ſԽеܾٶ
ĽȴܵĲ뷴ƺҶ޷ܵأôҶƽָԼϡ
ָвҶĽܷܷ֣
˵꣬Ҷվ˽ˣԺʲô飬Եɾң
˵꣬ҶͷҲصĳȥֻĽܷܷĿԼָϵĽָ
Ȼطû취סҶҲֻȥˣܿģϯҵƣƿҶƣҲûʲô⣬ļʾһ¡
ҶƸ˳ȥ
ǽСǧˣʲô׼ôʵ
Ҷʼ磬ʲô׼һȥĿǸĵӣҲֻѡ
ϵЦˣ˲ʵҿģ˵ʵһ濴͸ӵҲûаսʤ㣡׽͸ҶƵļЦ
Ȼ׽͸ǾͲҪȥˡҶƺٺһЦ룬Сǧ֮ڣһᷢȤ飡˵ţҶƿ˿ڿռָڵ塣
ǿԿס
ҲϣܹһЩҪôȻζˣʼ磬ܹʵĶ֣ҿ쳽ͲʵҵĶ֣Ĵʦְ
Сǧڲ˵ɣޣ㹻ģҶЦЦԺ֮˻̫ǣǸԼǩѪĲԶĲХǡ
̫Ӧûðɣ
صŵסҶڴϾþòߣס֪ҪԼǰǸ˽ٱǳҶǸоյЩʲô
һֱ˺ҹҶƲŻ˯ȥһϺܿ͹ȥˡ
ϵܣϵܣ⴫ƵҶƼæȺŵĵۣ磬˳ȥ
ôˣʱ䵽ôҶƷĴš
ǰʱϾҪˣߣƻû˵תȥҶҲæĲ
ԦУǶŵһֲأ˶ѡ˲С
ܿ죬˱ǰڶŶӽڣǸŵܻÿ˶һƾᡭܾͨͨƣֻҪǰʾӻͿ̼е˲伤ơ
Ȼһ͵ƣֱӴ͵ڵģҶƸһҲһĲڡ
Զһεסˣܶĸ˺ܿ㽫Ⱥ쵽˿ռѷ֮
ҶһӭĿ⣬ʶıͷ
쳽
óĬԣ̸˨ͬķһ㳯ҶֻҶͣ˽ϢʱתƵϡ
Ȼ˴Щ죬ʵȴǶôǿĶֻȺŵư
ƵϢĸ쳽ײ˽ԶջĿ⣬ǴӶԷпģŨҵս⣡
սսս
ܿľţԼţ
ν޵һ޵ڶǻײƱҪֳʤ
ҶƵ۹쳽ȥһϮµĳɶԵȴֲʧСɽǽǰԵôס
ҲڴУǸƽˣû´Ӧ
üһȻһȥĸˣ
ҶתһȺʿ֮зԼĶƺеԵޱƽ
ؽ޷棬ɲ
ֻҶƲˣһǿĶ֣


120 
һſռѷӿĿռҶƺԥ̤˽ȥ
Ѿ߽ͨˣֱͨռѷСǧҲΪӰֱӻȥˣޱѵĸоԼڱһӴţϳĳƯš
Сǧ磬޴ͻȻռѷ죬ӰСǧܹżƽԶ֮Ҳʮ
ҶƸоԼ֮вϵĳµȥ·һ޴ɭ֡
ͻȻһҪԼȻͨʵԼͲԦаô죡ǧ׵ĸ߿հ
ҶԺ֮иոͷͺݺݵĵ档

Ҷ崳ɵ֦辣ŨܵҶûеסҶƼ׹壬ҲΪ½˲١šءһҶƵصˤڵϣ
ɽһεĴֳҶεգǸһ˿Ц
ǧ׵ĸ߿գҿҶ忰ľޣȽϴʿֱӾͻˤ࡭
ЩʿɶԦеļɵģᷢҶƵҲֻҶûзԦĲ
ҶĴһմȾĴһƬǳĴ֣ԼȴûҪҵǴҪѲ۰
ҶƲĳǰţΪƽ֮˵һͻܳһֻ׺ݵޣ˵ֻ޻Ųʵ
ԣҶ˿Ҵ⣡ĳǰ̽š

һ촫һҶƱ͵رݵĶ塣
һƬӰҶƵͷӹԴֻв׵ľ룬Ҷ͵صȭͷȥ
һȭХΧҵƣݺݵͷӹĲϣǶһĲҽȻҶһȭ˿С
Ҷ̧ͷ۾͵ϮԼĲֻһֻͨʮ׵ӥ޶ѣԼһȭ֮¼ʹҲʧȥˣҶƲû̫⣬ĳǰȥ
꣡꣡
޴ĴϢǰҶƷӦٶȼ죬͵һ֮ϣֻһСɽһӰӲݴ͵طɱ
Ҷϸһԭһֻͨʮ׵ҰԵʮǰһ˺ϱֵĴֱӱͷҰײ飬ҰĲҲɲסˡ
ꡭ꣡
Ұ͵תͷݺݵĶҶƣ飬޲ýҶƳƤҲ˴ĿˮɢŶζ
㲻ϵĵŵ棬Ұڻ̲סӭ泯ҶײҶһûжܣ͵̤ǰһһ̤׷׹ѣӳѷ
ҶƵ˫ʮ׼ȷסҰ̵Ұĳ£ҶƵ͵زһ£εסӰ
ҰþȫǰţҶƵΡȻͬһԶʵǵɽҰǰ
ҶЦһ£˫ͬʱ͵ؽҰΪҰҽһ޴һ£ҶƳƳԾԶ
ְҶƲмĿǷ˵ҰŵѪӦҰҰ޵ĶƤɣ
Ұʧȥ͵ĳʱͷСһЩҵĳҶƳ˫죬·ҪҶƺݺݵײɡ
ҶĿ֮дһ˿˫ֽת˼£͵ֶѸٵĳӭҰӹȥ
㣡Ҷ漴ۡСɽһҰȻֹȻֱ˵Ĵ͸Ұֻ۾͸˾޴ԴҰĲˡ
ҶƺҲԸ࿴Ұһۣתߣֻµʱ䣬뽫֮ڵıȡ
˵ʲôСǧڵޱңͲҶƵˣ
ͻȻǰԶһ޴ĺ漴ҶƿһԼʮ׵ľ޴ɫڿһţ죬صնǰ

Ҷ۾һҲûͳǸ˹ȥ
һĿǰǰʬ壬ʬԱ߻żŭ˫ʿԶ
ȻɱʦܣǴҿΪʦܱ𰡣ǸʿһߵĳȥЩʿһЩڵʿҪҲôһõóֵģֻ൱̫Ӷ顣
ڸոգŵļط۵һɿʹڽն񽣣ɵ̰֮⣬ҪɱԽȴû뵽Էɱһˡ


121 ǧһ
ȻǷŭѣͷһͨĽ׵ʿ̰ѵڽն񽣡
ɿеŵӶͬһԼķʱ֮лһƬռҲƺһƥ
һڽն񽣿ٵǰһţһεķ˲䱻ء
ҵķҸƴˣʿԼķıҪҪԼ٣Ǹʿ˫ͨĳ˹
С󣡡
һڽնٴ֮һҫ۵Ľ漴Ǹʿͻء
ƴˣ
ǸͷٴɿգͬʱӶеľ޴ͷ
ȻһˢӵģϾŵĴʦ֣һʿҪǿܶģ޴֮ƺһ¾ܿռҲ΢΢š
Ӱݵ˵һĴһ´˵֮ϣȻһ£Աߵʿ̲סĳһȫǱ߸ġ
ڽնʮѸ٣͵˴̹ȥÿһ涼ǿĶأֻҪܴһֻҪһƤ˾;Ҵ֮
ϾǶڵĵӰ
˾޴͵ظ񵲣ҶƵͬʱסˣҲĳ˺ü
ûзӦԱһʿһ˹磬ѾܲãҲûпϾȥǳĿˡ
ಣ
һƿֻ֮һֱε˼£ʿȴҲˡ彩ֱڰ֮УеĳҲ̲ȥˡ
ԭѲһؼ룬ûͷһ೤ҵĶ˲ƻ˵ϵͳ㶯ˡ
ͷʿεѣŭһԲ͵غɨХķڶ
Ӳ⣬ⴸʵ̫ˣֻҪСıУǾǽϹ۵³
˫͵ͬһ֮Уڽն񽣲֪ʲôʱĽ£Ԧֱӷ
ãҪܣ׷ͷʿһ㶣æҲ̤˴󴸣׼Ԧȥ׷
Լǧ׵ĸ߶ȣ͵ؽµڽն񽣳˳˲滮һ⣬ڽնһ˺ü
ûзһʧȥ˿֧ŵĶɿĳȥһҲ꣬ƺԼĴ
أ
ڽն񽣾ڽնĴ߷˲ٴγһԼʮ׵Ľɫ޽ţӿһն£
ʱ滹׵ĸ߶ȣɲģ
ʿⲻɫĳ˲ǰʿŭĴҪƾ󴸵ֵľ޽Ѿˣ
޴ĳ׾ٵĽͷ­£Ѫ˲˳ͷ­֮һ˫۾ɵþ޴Ŀ
˭˵ҪܣЦѣոȥڽնѸٵĻһɫٴγĽŵףȵĲ棬ٴƯڰ֮У
һУ񣡶ڷĲٿس̶ȣ¯࣡
ֻҪһ˿һʧôӭľˤһ࣡ϾûҶǿ壡
һĻһֱǱԱߵҶƿҲ޲ڡ
ˣ
ʣʿͷʿɱͬʱʦֱɱˣ
ŭĿˣö˲ɳ˷Ӧ˹ȥһֱӱڲкһĵȥ
ڣǶڵˣеһĴеͬʱ𣺡ͨϣ˵Сǧڻ˶ڵˣɱ˴ʦ֣óѸٸʦֱ𣡡
Ҳһû뵽ȻϵöڵĶڣнѣ֪ڵǾԲܱ¶ģ
Ѹٵĳȥͬʱͳ˴ѶˮһҰŭѸٵĳһ˷ȥڽնѸٹᴩ˵ĺ󱳡
ǻһˣۿϾҪ⴫Ѷˮ⡭
ô졭ô졭ѵҶھ¶˲ɣԺ֮һƬհףⶼԼ̫ˣ
Ѿ˴ѶˮͿѶˮҪ˵Щʲôǧһʱ̣
ǡȴҲ˵ʲôˣ
Ϊĺһֻֽץסˡ
ʲôٶȣ˸ղŻԼ⣬û뵽˲ԼǰʿĿǰǲںɫ֮µӰƺҪĳ
ڸղţȷ˵Ĵڣû뵽ֻһ˲ԼߣǶôֲٶȰ
ҶЦЦǸ飬㻹˵ȥ
꣡
Ǹʿ


122 Ƚ
ǸʿĲֱӱҶŤϣ˫ͬһţŵŴͣͷѾ͸ˡ
Ҷаˬû뵽ĸܣ˲һٶȣȻôãȻֻ룬ҶӰȴͬһ˲ԶʿǰʿͳѶˮû˵һ֣ͱҶס˺
ͻȻֵĺˣʱոҲǿ˴ֻһϢҾ˲ʿǰҪôٶȣ
һβŻ˭
ҶЦЦֽʿʬ峯ԱһӣĽǸñƿ֣ЦЦѽ
ҶƣȵŴͣɾһ֮вûνأ
Ǻɣû뵽ּˣʵÿ찡Ҷ̲ס̾
һôȥֻͨ׶ѣѵΪȫķϵôŽһף
ҶƹһЦĽϣֽñӴ϶ҵԲߣÿŬҲֻǿһף
ƲƲ죬ҶƵǿ֮ģҶƾȻӿ³˰ϢһҲԾԶԶġ
Դ㽫һܣÿʱÿ̶ܹʱ䣬лٶȸսһҾãڵһǳõʱϢ֮˲ųԼǿƣʱΧľԶƴڿ֮һһصĶľ
𣡡ҶƼæֹǲһϸ£ڸûʱ䣺µģǵľƳһʱҲǲ٣Ҳܲ˲ô
һᣬ˵ͷԼȫ˻ûʤ֮ǰǲߵģҪһֱ㣬ˣͷ
Ҷεʼ磺ֻҪ㲻⣬һֱҰ
֮ǰţ·Ȼޣֽģͨ۲ֵļɸȣҶҲܴʵˣ
ǿǿڽն񽣸ڽնѾõ¯ˣһܹŷ޾ͣԵĴ͸ƺб쾡£ôǿޣڽնƤϡۼϴһѪ
ҶƲȻʵǸҲǲٰɣ
ȻȽϲһͨңھǰھܹӳһ㷨Ҫǿٵ
ӦǲಮٰɣҶš
ҲˣɾˣӦòʲô⣬ͷһ£дȥɣҲֵڣҶ޳ܵš
ˣղŻġҪлл㰡ǱӻСֹҶƶȳ˺࣬
ţ˵ʲôҶƹû壬
˸Լл⣬ǿͷһⰡҶҲҪúö
˫֮͵һ˿ŭ𣬵Ҷƣ̫Ҫ±¶ɾƻҡ
ҶļЦôЦѣ
ߣ͵ؽͷתһߣȥҶƣΣ̲סת˻ĿľʲôΪ˾ȳʦô
ֱҶƲŻȻ˸˿Ҳеģǿƣ˵ֻͨΪǽ𻯾Ҳң
Ҫ֪һϣɶ𻯾Ϊ
뵽ЩҶɫЩȻҪӪȳԼĴ˸磬ֻķˡ
ҵĿĲҶƵ
Ŷ㻹ʲôĿģ˫֮һ˿ɻ󣬵
ʱ֪ˣ֮ܣ˵꣬ҶƵӰ˲仯һ⳯ǰȥ
أһҲҶƵӰ׷϶ȥóۣѲżڽն񽣣üԦͿշš
Ҷƾôƾ˫ȱܣ˫֮Ϸ·żΪӴıֻһһһܹͳȥʮף˿оƣһ㡣ò˵ҶϢΪƳѪΪӴ
ʻʱҲоЩӦ㣬ǿҶٶûмһ˿аȽ֮⣬ҶƣҲþȫķš
ԼԦŷôһֻƾ˫Ⱦܳ;أ
УԲУ
뵽͵һҧٶٴһأҶ˦ں档


123 ݳϷ
ղΪʲôЩʿҶɻʵ
Ԧڽն񽣣һ޷޵һȺں֮ڣȻҪû٣Ҫֻʵúˣ
ǵʵӦòʲôţҲˣСǧ֮пνǲɱǧҪİ
ǻõңûнҶƵĺ⣬תͷרĵļԦڽն񽣣ٶɲ䣬Ҷ˦ںһ롣
ৡ
ԶͻȻܳӰһǰһĻ׷ţǰ˫ĿŭڣȻѾ˲ѾѪȫʪзŭĺʲô
ԭòȻһԭʼҰԶˣһ涼޷ֻ֪ҪĶ죬ʹѶˮʱ䣬ĸɾ䣬ͿɱԽҶ̾һԵ
Ǳ׷ϵǱ쳣вϳѪԶԶĿҶƸˣȻͬץס˾һ㳯ﱼ
λȾңԶԶĳ˺
һüȻǲЩ£ҶȴȤ̤ǰһϸ۲⳯Լ߱ˡ
ҶƾʶãһϮ£˫֮ĹâһȴǲĸҶɻѡ
£Ҷƣʵ
һʤ߼ҶЦţǰ汼ѾҶǰ״һɫҶƱ
鷳ԼȥɣתͷҲҶƣߵһߡ
վס
Ҷ͵شһʰԲγҶǰӹȥͬ׹߱ɫԶһ䡣
һ㶣ǰѸٷӦɷĳҶ߸һһߺλѣһҿԸǷı𣡡
׷ϵҲٴжĸ
Ҷ۾ϸĴǰˣѾѪʪҲѪǿӣƺȻģһ鶼ûС
ͻȻҶǴһ˿Ц漴ʧ
λѣ죬쵽ҶƼæ
˿ҶƴˣæѾӳ߱ɫϲ
˱Լǰʮ׵ʱҶͻȻˣڿն˲ܵ˵ǰһ㵵ĿҶƣ֪Ҫʲô
أ
ҶƵ͵ߵ˵Ĳȵ˲Ľ˵ڣϵı黹ûκת䣬ͷ­Ѿڿշ
ʲô
͵ؾˣĿҶһŽǸȵɱ
ҶһŽ˵ͷʬ߷ɣЦӯӯĿź׷ɱǸˣЦѽҰɱأллң
׷ɱסˣţ˵ȴоһ޻˺þòŷӳ˹
㡭㡭ɱʦܣ˫֮еŭ͵͵ش
Ҷһ޹ôˣ㲻׷ɱôҰ㽫ɱˣ㲻лңԶˣǵģ
Ҷƻû˵꣬͵ؾµķҶƴ̹ǳڿоȻûһͷǿޱȣ
Ϣɫ䱯ߣͽĳݺݴ̳ǻЯɽ֮ƣ͵سҶƳ
С
ҶƲмĿͷ͵ԾһصǷͷ֮ϣ
Ҷһţ񱩣Űʮ㣡
ͷĳȻҶһ飬ʿɫһ䣬һѪ˳ͷ֮ɢ
⻹ԳƻϢҿǻ滹࣡Ҷҡҡͷм
ʿ˳ǰԼ͸ĺˣոȻֻõžɢԼͨԼķ
˵ʵҪжôֲ
ʿֱӰеĽӵתȥһһߴ޺š
ҶƲƲ죬ִӵϼһС֦˼͵سʿ˦ȥ
֦ҶвһǿİֱӴ͸ʿĺģһմȾѪ֦ǰ͸
ʿͫ͵һ£ŵȥ
ˣܹѵʱ䲻Ĺȴǿ
Ǹʲôʵ
ҶصһЦָͷʬѵôһģǹݳױ׷ɱϷ룬ȡ˵ͬģڱ˶ɾʱûȡ˵ȻϵĿռָ֮ڵĶ°ߣֻϧҶƣ
ȵŴͣʵôģ


124 ҩݱ
Ҷƿ˿ʿʬ壬мܼ򵥣ȣǸܵʿѪжȴûһ˿֮ڶ˼ȻҪ׷ɱôûһ˿ɱǸʿʵкֱܶӳȴֻǲĸ󡭡
ĲѾǵˣɴɱһǧɷŹһľǸʿͻȡңһʿ汣׼أҶƲƲ죬Ц
ƺ뵽ʲôҶѸٵܵǸͷʬԱߣϵĿռָߣѸܵԼ֦ضǸʿԱߣͬҲŪ
˵֮ǰпɱܶʿˣĶɶǵˣҶѸٵĽöռָ֮еĶԼĿռָ֮УϲЦտ
Щ񺮵ĿҶһۣԼŰɣҲҪ
Ҷʼ磬ȫװԼռָ֮С
ȥʵ
ҶѸٵڴ£ͳһƤֽԼıŷ
ƤֽȻһͼѩޱùļŴ֮ĵͼ
ط˺ɫĲţ˼⸽ǿ޳ûֹһɽ£úɫһԲȦǾǴ֮ˣ
úɫīĻһߣ;ĵط
ҶƱ˺ð죬ŷԼȷ̫ˣԼĵطյҪ˺Զ
Ŀռѷ죬ΪʲôҴ͵ĽһЩҶƷ޷޵
طҪȥģû취ҶƿһԵʮֹ죬ϴĵЦ⡣
ʱеƤһأæĺһݺݵĵҶƣʲô
ҶֺƵĵʦܣ㿴ʦûзҲԦ·;ңԶֻƾҵ˫ȳ;棬Ǿ˻ܴ򼸸Ҳ۵ʱڽն񽣣һ̤ȥģһ§ģԲ㣡
붼û붼ֱӾܾˣܣû뵽Ȼã˵껹Ҷƿ
ޣãҶƷŭѣҵϣԲҵȡ򣡡
ҡҡͷǲӦ
ʮöҶƱ˼۸񣬻ǶƷҩǻָĵ
ҡͷ
ʮöҶҧгݵĵ
ҡͷ
ʮö϶ʮöСʦҾͲȥҶͬһͷŭʨ
ˬĵ˵ͷ
˷ڿУò˵ٶҲǼģ˿
ȻʮöƷҩļ۸񣬵Ҷ˿ʹΪ𻯾ָ֮нɻľͲֹЩ
ڽնڿз̶ƿٶȼ죬ǽԵھ
ҽЩﶼȡɾ˾ܹΪڵصˣҪãֻҪϰ꣬ɾĳһܹǿߣǸʱ򣬾ɾյʱ򣡡Ҷа
ΪޱҲһҪɾҶ¶˾ģ̧ͷ˫֮Ǽ㡣
ＱٷţͻȻһѸٵͣסڽն񽣣Ĵʲôζ
ҶҲʹᣬʲôûŵ
ζҶʵ
Ƕڵ˶ҩĸ֪ȱһҪ̫߳ˣҹŪҩɲݾŪʮ꣡ζҲϤˣ
Ҷư࣬û뵽ڵȻ˱ҲϸĴ̽ţͻȻɽ֮һƬ͵ĲݵأһҲۡ
ӦþҶƴ˸кһӴӰ֮ȥ׵ĸ߶ҶƺһҲ⣬͵ɽ֮ϣɽ֮С
ҲԦڽնǱ˽ȥɽ֮һƬ͵ĲݵأҩǴﴫġ
˫͵ѸٵĽڽն˫۷ŹĿǰ档
ݵϳʮɫҩɢŸζѸٵĴӿռָܶСϻӣϲ̵Ľҩϻװš
ҶҲæȥҪժȡҩȴһƿ
ʲôҪԶʳ𣡡ҶƷŭѵĺ
ҶĽ͵ҩҪװרϻܱ֤ҩЧ޹ʵĴݲҩѣ
Ҷƺݺݵĵһۣվһȥˡ
ݣɺ㣬Ứÿժȡһ꣬߶һһ˫۳ĶͽڳԼĴװ롣
Сǧ컯ЩҩݾԶǼֵǰܴȥһ䶯һģЦ


125 ̰
ǼٶװҩҶ̲סĽеһЩ㲻Լȫߣ
˵ͷϾȷֵģֳɰɣ
Ҷƺݺݵһǿûʢҩĺӣûа취װЩҩ޿κΣֻһΪŷ硣
ϾĶñʿһ˫ȻҶƲʲôȴ鷳һǲһ¡
ҶƾĸоΧһһ´˿ĶһԱߴ֮дܳһֻ޻Ǽʿⲻһս
жЩڽӽҶƵѵ
СһСھҩ·½ҩĸŪϣһСҩҲҪʮϢʱſȫڳֱ֤ҩЧ
УٻҪһյĹܽЩȫڳʵҲж֣Ұ˸˰ɣЦ
ҶƷŭĵһۣ¹ԼɵҩҶҲҵ
ҵҩ˵꣬ҶƵӰͬһ㳯ȥֱϷɽʯֻ¾Ծɽ

Ҷ͵ԵһѴʯ棬ĳǰȥֻһɫҴҵʿææĳ߸һһĴţ±˿١
ž
Ҷ͵شɽԽǰ棬ǰʿһ
ԭȺŵĵѣʿҶƹ¶ȺŵĵۣϵĲͷɫ˲ʧֺƵЦ
Ҷưĵ˵ͷʿŵˣҶȻҲҪһЩŵķλɫҴң֪ҪȥδƼˮҲԵһʲôĻ˵ҿ԰һʲô
ʿɫʱޱȵѿڨЦλ˵ЦˣʲôɫҴҰѰҵͬأ鵹ûУҲݰ
ҶƹȵĻ˻֣ʲôȺΪ֣ʲôȻΰһеģѲؿ˵޷
ʿɫˣҪģȴǴûмôҪģԷ֮һȺŵˣʵҲۣһ̫ԼǲǶֶ˵׼
ûʲôѶˣȺŵұģֻһˣʿҲԱˣ
ˣڵĵѣһ컯֪ûȤĦһ£ҶЦ
Ŷ컯ѵûڲңǱ˫֮˸һֹâţ
ҶƹЦ˼ȻȺɣôƭ˵飿Ⱥģ
Ǳڵʿæͷǣ˵öԣ˻£Ͳһͬι컯ˣףԸմﵽľ硭
˵꣬ǱڵʿҪߣȴҶһ˲ߣһѿסļ
зҶЦ
ʿ˫֮͵һ˿ݶЦǲˣѵĺˣ˵ҪҶƵơ
Ҷĵ̾һ׼·أû뵽ôϵҲգȥɣ
㡭͵תͷӭҶƵĲĵЦһذף
֪㲻ǺöȻɱңҶ˲佫Լ˵Ƹߵ㣬Ȼһӣ˲仯ĻԲΪΡ

ҶƵ˲ӭذףذһ´ҶƵģȻ֮
ҶЦѣ˲պϣذУһذ껯Ϊ˷
ҵķǱڵ˴һ͵˳üΪҪͱˣҲԼ˵ѣ
Ҷĺ˭ͱˣҺĺ컯Ȼ͵Ϯңһǿϵıֻ
ǱڵĵĲѪ˲ҪȻҲܴﵽһľġ
ҶָǱڵӣ٩٩̸ΪˣȻֱɱСϷҿҿĹƣȻҪľˣ
˵꣬ҶƵ˲˳ȥ֮еһ±ҶɢĻʿϣֻԼʿ˱㻯һ̲⡣
ҶƲ˲֣ͷҲصţһһߵǸģһʼ㲻⣬˵һԼ̰͹ֲñˣ
˵꣬ҶٶƮƮ̤ɽ塣
ʱһƬݵҩѾȫȻʧֻһСһСӣֲҩĵطͬһͬˡ


126 
ڴ΢ЩҶƣôڲŻһΪˣ׼ЩҩأȻֻˣԽ
ҶûĺһҶҵһù˵֡
εĽСװ뵽Ҷƿռָڣҩ㶮ǵҩЧô
ҶεԴһ治֪
ߣҲţĵ˷ˡƺǲĽȫװ뵽Ҷƿռָڣੲݵ
ˣǼ·ɣҿҪأҶƶ
εļڽն񽣣ʹԦգҶƺٺһЦɽ壬ȵ̤ڽնϡ
Ͱ·ߣһֱɣҶƿһͼҵһ·ߣ
Σ˭ԼҶʮöƷҩأ֪ôҩҲӦҶƵҪġ
ʻڿУһ·ϵҲʿһЩŵʿҲǻĸһ·Ǽôǿʵʱֻˡ
ҶƱ͵ı۾ţͻȻ˫͵ſһеĸоҶ޷ȥ
ô£ҶƾѣǴûгֹģ
ͷԼ޳ʲô鷳ˣأòĵ
ҶĻƺҵĹһ㣬æ׷ʵӦθ֪̫ڵλã
ϸĽ꣬оһǿҵĸо˳оߣҵ
ҶƼеļ򣬵죬ı·ߣߣ
Ȼ֪ҶƵĿľʲôҲֻĻ˲佫ڽն񽣸ı˷ѸٵĳҶָǱ߷ȥ
죡ӿٶȣҶƼеĺѾܸо̫֮ǹεĸоƺʲôΣʮǿҵΣ
ɫĹâ˲ڿл̶ƿռХ

пϲѣû뵽Сǧ֮оȻܹϡȱޣ
ޣȻһ㣡Ȼֻͨ׵ʵԷչǰ;
Ҫ֪ҪһֻǵǶôѣЩŵûУοˣ
ǣվСǧ緢һֻǵĻǣƺӵнԵͨԳͬ׵ʿ
˭һΪѾﵽ߽ͨףǸ¼ֲһ󣬽ĻУѸٵĥԡ
ֻҪϣԼͿԳˣȽȻԼڽƺã
һ뵽Լӵһǿӵǵĳ̲סĴ
ЩٴνһЩҾͲܼȥЩɫӵ˺ЩҲ̰һǿߣͨסͨ׵ʵ
ΪߣǹⲼΪֻǳ׵ʧȥ
ֻϲϱ⣬ܻĻɫڴ˻ȥκβǿɴ˿ĥеҲֻʱˣ
أ
һɫâصڲХǵϣ͵ڵϴһȴû̫ܵ˺ԭҶƵѪˡҲǰǿ̫ˣ
Ŷͦʹ򣡸ҹζ࣬ȡڽ֮ڽĥɾݺݵĿĲХǣЦѡ
໣
Хƺоʲôԭ޹˫˲һУвٷݡ
ģ͵һĭ˫͵ػӳ޴ɫâ˲䴫֮УƺӼʵһЩ

ҶԶԶľͿһȺʩչһһĶ̫ǹ棬ʱŭڣ̫Լ޳裬˭Ҷһ£
Ҷ˫۳죬·𿴵ԼİĶԺ֮˲ը죬ںĴŴ˫ֻ֮ʣԶŰЦȫȻݲȥ
𣡡
һǹɰ˲˾ɢ˿еĸƣʲ״ܴȥ
ҲҶѧ᱾Ϣ֮һȫͷųŭȼŵķŭȼյķŭ
ͻȻžûһ˿ŵĿ£ǶΪĤ֮ûȫָ
˻ûзӦǾĺ漴ԼԱһƬհףֻءһ屻һӴܹɽľԶԶҷ˳ȥݺݵײԱɽ֮С


127 ײ
ҶŭѾ쭵˼ޣոյóļЧӣһٶȣֱӽɫӵһȭɣ
Աеʿȫعһٴһ㿴ͻȻսŵĺˡ
ҶɨһĻ̫ѾĥһϢɵŭȼգ͵һ̤ӴƵһȭ͵ϣʱɫĹâͬѩһѸڣҶһȭȻ˰
ۣۣۣ
λ̵ִ֧ѪˣԶһֿҶơ
һȭһȭסͨ޵Ĵôɢˣ
ҶƱƵᣬʵޱȾˣոһȭƳ֣ʱ˿΢΢ĲţִĹȻ˲ϵ˺üѸٵĻָš
̫ƺ˾͵سҶԾ˹Ҷһѱס
̫ǵ˵󲻴˵СҲСҲǧ͵һˣʮ־ˣҶֱûлֱָ˵Ҷƺ
Ҷ̫ǵԴǻ̫ͬһֻɵĹһҶƵһҶһץסͣĽƿ漴һɷɨ̵ӣҧгݵ̵ˣãܺã
¡
Ǳɽ˲䱬ըһɷĴ߳ŭĶҶƣɤ淢һͳ˭Ȼ͵ϮңǱ뿪ˣ
ҶƽһЩ¶ȺŵĵۣЦ̾ͻЩ͵ôҲھȻҪץҵ޳裡շҪĹͷúɢһˣ
ȺŵˣԾһ£漴ĵСϺףȺֻʶƣûУȻ°è۸ͷϣҸ㣬޳Ҫ㣬ǲģǣҲԼ˫ָ
ҶЦѣԣҿаԵ̵ĵӾʲô֮˵ţ̫Ƿŵ£ʾԶԶ뿪Щ
֮еȴԺĺܣΪʲôҶƻᴩȺŵĵֲۣҶΪʲô̵˷Ħ޳裬ʲôʱҶƵˣ
Цʵ㲻Ҳԣǽˣ
Ҷƣ
Ҷֻĵ֡
ǿļȻ˵ЦѣҶѾժϵļñ¶ںڵĳɴֻ˫ۡ
ɫĹâؿڿ̻ŵһͷԵʮֻ׺ݵƺڶ
ǶҪ̵֣ӵҪֽСӵԴš
ҶƺĶײȥҪʹôϻ
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Ӱ϶ǲģֻһٶ̫ڿµĻӰҶЦѣôӰѸٵĽӽԼ
Ǿͱȱ˭ٶȸɣ
Ҷϣ͵һţܵ͵һ£˲ԾԭһӰ䱾Ծ˿С
ΪҿİϷôҲûϵӰֻȫſеҶȥХң
ಣ
ͷҵҶϣ˲һԭϲɫ˲ˣ˭֪ҶûзöĽϹ۵ֱӴҶϴ˹ȥ
ӰģеҶƾȻҲֻһӰ

ӴǰһæǰһɵɫâֻءһһȵľϴֱӰ˺Щ
𾪵ĿŵϵҶƣոǿĹǴҶƵĵ֮дġ
˵ٶȾȻ˱仯Ī⣡аҶȴҲһ֡
ҶƸ
ոյһ˲ʹļ٣ѸٵĶ鵽ϣȴû˵ע⣬Ϣ͵Ϯ˭֪ӳҲ֮죬Ȼסˣ
ԶһĻҲ΢΢üͷԹ壬ĿҶƵӿѸٻص֮УٶȾǼģҲֻǿһɫӰƮ
Ȼͨףʵȴûͣͨףʵаսʤô˼˫֮һĺ⣬˲


128 ش̷
ҶҲĴ˸ĸоΣաʮΣգ
Ȼ߽ͨ׵ʵ쳽Ҳʵɣ
̵ǿ
͵һ˦ʱǹɻɽһȵŰ̩ɽѹһͷǹϢ˲
Ҷƿŵͷ嶼ȻѹѹòܶδҶƽ¾ȱѹһ޴İݣҹε˫һС
ꡭ
Ҷһᣬ͵سȭӭȥȭͷƺһԲ˵Ĵһ㷴ȥ
أ
ҶƵȭͷһμҵײһƵܷƱɫŭ漴ҶƱеȭͷ͵شһʹֱֻ۾ȻѳһѪۣڳѪ
ҶƺĴڴѸٵ˳Զû뵽һ֮¾Ȼǿ
ҲǲһѪǻǿסѪſֻƣڴѾѿѪ˳Żȥ
ҶƾǺˣȻƾӲҵȺŸûﰡҧҧѸٵٴγܲ͸磬в߶ʲô˲仯һֳִֵɫ͵سҶͱ
磡
ҶƴⲻɫĴͱؿڣͬڵһ㵹ɳȥһѪ
ڿз˸ͷҶֹסԼɵƣͺһٴγ
磡
Ҷ˫ȭûһɫӰϵӦ죬һҶƵĹȫ
ģӲѹסĵѪڣһģ
ҶƳûϣ͵ԾһȺݺݵ䣬ǿѪҲƲסˣһ˳
ҶЦѣӭ˿еһӲؿڡ
еѪƺҪǮһ磬ԶԶ˦˳ȥ
Ҷͬɽһ͵ȥֻһӵԷǰһȭͷ­ȥһȭҶƾĴԴ
һȭΧĿƺʵʣռҲݳһ顣
Ȼ嵹أҲԶԶ˦˳ȥȴޱȣּѸٵǰ˸ӡͬʱɫâ˸дȵ
˲䣬ɫâ֮ѸʮɫҶֹȥ̶ƿ֮
ôܣ
Ҷһ㵣ɫѾǰҶ˫ۺǰֵȴɫ͸ֱۡ
ȻȺŵĵۿ̻ŷƣǾǷҲֲܽĹֵһЩ͸˵ۣȻٴδ͸ҶǿƤ
ۡ
һ屻͸һѪɽҶ˫֮ϲɫļ̣ɾ͵شĵɳȥ˲ײһŴ֮ϣֱɴײĳмſͣ¡ͬʱҶƵҲüΪֲ

أ
Ҷ͵һһɾ˲佫ϲŵЩȫ飬ɫĹâʧ֮С
ҶƵ˿ڣҲ𽥵ĻָţֻϢʱ䣬˿ھͲѾȬֲֻӵеĻָ
ҶƲȥʱٴγȥ˫ȭ粻Ҫ
Ǵһ˿ЦɲŲæ˸ͬʱ߶ţش̣
Ҷ˲еԼʲô˽˲ͷһִĵش̾ȻĴСȶݺݵĴ˽Ȼ͸СȣǰƿƤ˳Ѫ˲ʪ˵ۣҶƵĶͷҲ˲亹
ʹʹ
Ҷ˱ԭأãСȴľʹʧȥ־
ƵվԼĴŴһЦҲòȷǿȻӲҵķǣҲֹڴˣ޳һúñܵģ
СѾˣǻŸʲôʹǿķ˺
˼æӴɼΪǿĲϾۼ
ҶŭĿѾҧѪ˫ȭƺҪ߬ˮͷһһģζ޼£ش̴̴Сȵļ죬סҶƵжҲֻĿԼЦ
ۿҶƾҪ֪Լٵˣ

һʵ˲ֻ֮һ޴Ľɫױȵ˲Ĺ
㣿Ŀüë


129 ۷ײ
ḧеڽն񽣣мƳһ㲻Ķ֣
ŭЦЦָҲôãɱС㣡˵գ۾һ͵سҶƵԴȥ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죡
һҶŴֻұۣ֮пһöϸĶ룬͵þȫŴ˦ȥ
꣡
˲仮ƿŴ̶˲̺ĽϢ͸ǿ
˲ջǰ뵲Ǳ̺͵һ
ոԼȷҪҶƵǿͻ˲䴩͸Լţͬھ
Ųô׵˷ѵԼûѡҶƣ˲˻Ա
Ҳʧȥ˻ɱҶƵĴûᣡѸҶߣ£˲佫ش˻ҽһ½Ҷƿ˼ͷѸ˻ȥ
ۡҶ͵һѪЦЦûû뵽һ㡭ҵ
ĿҶһۣע˫ߣΪԸ㣿ֻֻȡ񣡡
Ҷǿһ˿Ц⣬۾ָơ
ĿҶˣϵľۼţɫĹâҫۣҲ΢΢Ĳš
꣡
ͻȻµ˲ѿ˺ü飬ҳ潦ķڵ֮ϣŵĲ
գҪ̧ͷĺ
˵ţһӴʹɢԭƣ˲Һ𣬿ÿôʯҲҵƾм
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ҶҲûԼ˼öСƵĻָٶȵõһ˫ȴ˿ܿõٶȻָš
⡭ⷨȻ˾޴󣡡͵سһǰ⼸סĸ£
κι̫Ҳߴ׵ɽ¸סˣһƬӰֱӳ׳ϵĹҲĴɢȥֻϱһŪ̱һ롣
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Ҳ˺ôƵĴɽ𾪵˵κλ
ɫ԰ֽȻŵҩ䣬Ȼʮ־޴󣬲Ҳôˡ
ɣſĴЦ
̫˫֮оǻŵɫ޴Ҳʵڰﲻʲôæˡֻܴɤӵ״һ
ҶڵϣɫѾƻָЩƽĿͻȻɽ壬ûаգ
ҡҡͷֻܾˣ
˭֪ҶȴǵЦЦͿҵİɣ˵꣬΢Цſɽ£˫澡޾ķ񡭡
СǧĳƷĻӶսǰǸЫ˲䶳˱磬ƺоʲô͵̧ͷǸ
տѾһźɫӰǣ
̵ˣ̩ɽѹʲôܱȵģƳ˼һᣬǾȥһ̽͵̤ϱս˲䳯Ǹȥ

ɶ΢΢üʦ֡ʦ֡ʦ֣ƣ̩ɽѹʹóˣӦʲôС
쳽˵ͷȥ˵˲̤˷֮ϣѸٵĳǸȥ
Ҳ˵ͷɶѸ׷쳽Ĳ

ӷƺƴսСɮܲȥһ̽ʦϵ˫ƺʮ漴˲̤˻ƽ泯Ǹȥ
һʱ䣬Ǹо̩ɽѹԷǿƵˣȥǸ
˳ǸΪĿǰŵʱͻȻһɫâ洫ӴɽͻȻһɫâᴩˣûᴩˣ
̵Ľ̩ɽѹȻһ۵ĺڹᴩˣ漴߽⿪Ǻڹ˲ҫ漴Ϣɱ޴ڵɱǹɺڹֱ˲񷣡
һСᣬɽȻµŴ
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130 
ɴ˫ۣ˼ĿҶƣסˣβ͵ȥһĭǰҶƣڵϣؿ΢΢Ϣţ֣ͬƽǰš
ǵոܹصĺɫãǴҶƵ֮ͷųģ
ǹɾ춯صƣرɫǿλ⾿ǲһξ
ʵ˵ⲢΣз飡ֱƻһ㣡ոǿĸƵûɵɽǵɫãֱӴ͸ˣ¡¡ĻɢûɵĴɽԼҲӲһа
û뵽ô赭дıҶһȭɢ
Ǳ䵽ɱ˲亮ëֱȻɱģⲻɱӴɱסˡ
ס˲
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ΪʲôҶ͵תųɶǱǽҶƵľһȻ˲佫ؿڻһӡ
ɶƺҶƵĿ⣬ЩΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô
Ҷٴת˱ǽɺڵʹ͵ֳ̧쳽Ĺȥȴؿ͵һɣɶȻ˲䵲쳽ǰۿ֮оȻӨӨỨ
Źɣɶ촽ӳ
Ҷƣ̫֣һԵͻȻһ͵ؽеĹӳҶڿлƿʮ̶ִʱҲӦ˲˼һӴˮԪسҶǵصӿˮбһ㡭
ҶһҲһ̧֣ȵ˲ݻ˵ĹȫһѪ˳ȥ


136 ɶ
һûԵĻ˹ȥĳɶһ
ԶѾ𾪵˵κλֻƽ΢˫ۣҶƣ˫֮͸һĪĸо
ҸɣΪʲôҶ֪˲ĳɶһȡ
ɶ˫˸Ứһ̣ƺǸ߸ϵŮǱһĺˡ
Ҷƣɵ𣡷ħ軹һֶӾʧȥЧˣ
Ҷûһ̤ȥ˫۱ųɶ˫ۣΪʲôң
ɶ·Ҳǻȥһ㣬͵ضסĶҶƺΪʲôΪľδҵȻҪȫҪɱ̤ҵʬɣ
Ҷ˫۵ɵþ޴һƵ˿Ҳס
δ򡭡δ򡭡Ҷвĥʣ·ž޴ħһ㡣
ɶ֪ΪΣ˫֮еˮæһҪᶼۿ֮С
Ҷƿųɶˮĵط·𱻺ݺݴһ£Ժ֮˳ɶʱĻ鶯ԼһöģСܵܡСģ
һжΪ˹ȥʵ֮гɶ涵ԼŹδԼĵˣ
Ҷͬɵһ㣬β˵ֱɶˮȥŷӳ˹һЦ⣬˳ɶļ
ɶ΢΢Ĳţȴֲҷ˫ҲҸҶƶӡ
Ҷ֮ͬϸɵɵޡһ޾ͲƯˡ
˵ţҶƵĴָĽɶϵõķĽëۿ̺֮ˮȫ
֪ΪΣɶַĶûзУ岻һ˿еĸоĵȻĿʲô
Ů㰡ҶƳմĽһ漴Цϣδ򡭡δ򡭡ǣ
·ǿʲôµһ㣬ҶĽɶϵ˻˫ۿųɶһһĳȥ
֪ΪΣɶȻҶƵĿ̵ĵһʹʲôԲ飬ĵͷ૵Բ𡭡֪ҵʵڲҪʲô¡
ܺãĺܺãҶϵĿɬ·һɨȡ֮һϷʣδȻʸ˵ʲôˣʲôʸҪ㣿
һҶתߣĵҴӦ㡭ǣô˵ţˮȻһγŷŹޱңһξ͵ǻˣ
ж᲻ᵯֻδʱ
˻û˵꣬ҶƵ͵һڳһҡҡλŲˤڵء
ʱ˿̾Ҷƻһľ룬һĻæϮҪҶƣ˭֪ͻȻһӴĻҶƵХȥ
Ҷ͵תͷĻ˫֮оǲŵġ

˲佫Ҷɵ
ɵˣɶɵˣҲɵˡ
ֻ쳽վɫϲ˫֮оʤϲá
ˣ쳽Ťʵôǿղҵ£
ɫųɶҧгһһٵԭ㡢һֱڡϡӡʱ䣡
ɶ㶵ĿűɵҶƣĻŲʡ漴͵ת쳽ǸʲôѾ˵һΪʲôҪ͵Ϯ
ΪʲôΪʲô쳽ĴЦ
ɶֻоԼ˲ˣ⻹ԼʦôǸ⿪ӢʵǿʦôΪʲôоԴҶƣǱһһ㣿Ϊʲô⻹Ǹ쳽
쳽˱˾Ŀ⣬Ǵ·ħƷҩȻ֪ǽʱ䣬µãʱȥˣҲˣɶʦãöлΪӳôʱ䰡һҪúøл㣡
ɶ쳽һС˵־ӣŰ裬
ⲻԼʶǸ쳽ԭǸ쳽Ѿˣ
ɶ͵سҶƴܹȥкӿҪҶֹסɡ
׷ѹˣͻΪ̿ˣ쳽ЦЦ˵ϡ
ʵĶңĿ˳ɶһۣ漴۾β̾һͬ޴󣬿Ҳȥ쳽ƴˡ
Ҷֵܣ쳽ӷҪƤһҵĴԶʴ漴һɫǼٳ߷˻δһɺԵüΪ졣


137 
˶һԶǹɱĺ˲˴˴ӳǷŭĽҪŤ
ֻǲмҵսԿٵĳ߸˭֪￴ľ쳽еĻ˲ɵҶƵӰҲѹôˡ
ಣ
͵شӱս֮Ծ˵ͷ쳽һɭ׵Ļ棬ǻڿлһгŵϵ쳽ȥ
˫۳죬ɱ쳽Ĳݡ
ɶһܵĻбǽһǽ˲䵲쳽ǰɭɫĻУǱǽȻڼȺ֮ڻˡ
ɶ˫۵ɵþ޴󣬳ԳԵ⡭ʲôԣô˵͵¶ȣƲһֱȵĻô
ɶҾ㣬ñͷȻҿɲ֪ʲôϧһὫȫɱĺߵ
ɶ˿쳽ǻһ˿ٴοҶƣ漴üᶨбǽԵϵ쳽ʦ֣һôƺ㣬ҲһγˣӽصҵĶľţǷڻԼ飬ҡڡˣ
쳽˼ųɶ̫û˵ĳڣ˫֮вѪ˿
ƿɶվ쳽ǰǷŭ޲ý˻ȥЦãһɣ
˵ţƵڿ˲γһ״Ļ˲鲼ܣƵһ£ǵصĳкȥ
ɶ۵һ˿ܲĳȥԭĵķȫ˸һɶֻôֱֱĳǻȥ
Ժ֮һңҶѾˣ쳽ҲԼʶǸ쳽ˡңԼһͷˣԺûˣԣԺĻ
ӷ𣡡
һϤķ𣬳ɶǰ˲һ⣬ȫ棬ͬһ᲻ɴݵĽϡ
ͺ¿ҲҪôҾֻһʰˣ˫Ŀ֮оϻ棬ƺʧȥһ㡣
ʩҶʩûôȥĻûҲˡǹһ
ʲôҶֵܻţеŭ˲ʧ룬Ҳ·˲æϮҶߣȼյĻ棬л͵Ȼɱ˲佫ҶϵĻȫ
ҶƻƤѳɽ̿ҿȺŵĵΪֵסһЩ˺ȻҶǿʱҲֵסǿͨ
Ҫ֪綼֮ͨ»Ϊɻˡ
С̽̽ҶƵıϢкȻ΢
㹻ˣ
ѸٵȫҪҵΪҶ˵ĵҩǳһЩƷСûбĸЧĵҩˣŭ
ʱ˹ӿռָ֮һ˸ŹâĻ䣬Ƶҩ£
ƿһۣҲ˵ʲôˣͶҽӹҩҶƵķҶС
ҩһڱ̻һĺҶƸУŸ˵ľ
̾һոժõҩһ˷ˣ
ɶҲޱȵǰûû𣿡
ŭ㣬ôߵһ
ɶӵĳǵģûʱ䣬ҡ
ˣʵˣδǱߣĿ˳ɶһָָۣϵ쳽㻹ôȫɣ
ɶԭأǰ˭ҲΪԼǹǷʱİɣԼĲǰ
ûȥĿɿڴҲûȥһϢ쳽˵ĿⶼҶϡ
ʮϢ
һϢ
Ϣ
Ϣ
ģ˶ҿ˵´ŵҶƵ壬ֱϢҶûѹ
㲻ƭҰɣƷŭĿ
εʼ磬漴͵һҶԴϣͺȵװ

Ҷһ¶Ц۾Ƶ磬û£תʦܣοװأ
ߣҪҲΪɾˣ˵©죬ҿûע
û¾ͺãû¾ͺãҲһ˿οЦ
ҶϽ̿ĲλҲĻΪƤɫ徭ҩЧϣѾڿٵĻָš
һӿĳɶҪ˵Щʲôûüһջǻһ̾Ϣ㣬㲻ģ


138 ҵ
վҶƽѾ˵Ⱥŵ£ԳɶҪ·ˣ㲻ĻһֱţŤͷȥġ
ɶɫ΢죬æתͷ
һϤϤҶƴӿռָ֮лһͨĺɫӣϱսĵطƤҲȻ䣬ķ۵ļ
һҶˬŤŤ壬ҳʲôôָô죿
ûǸղ񵽵ҩҰһȥû뵽Чͦã
ˡҶָƶƣҵĴ磬ȺŵתɾСʦܣʶʶ
˻΢Цŵ˵ͷǶ˶ʵǿгһܹдһҲδɡ
Ȼرһ£ҶƿԶɶӣһۣæ˵
ҲҶƵ˼֮ŶЦЦǺǵĵһȥˡ
̫ҲҪ˵ҶȴҶƷһ߷ɡ
ҶƼ֮ϴһ˿Ц⣬ɶвһȴæֵͷȥ
Ҷ˳ɶ裬ķĦţɶ
ɶҵĲֻûбκԴ쳽ԼδҲûȴ֪ΪαҶ֮еʱûһ˿Ҫʶ
ġδ򣿡Ҷ˫֮Դһ˿ʹ
ǡүүүүͬµġɶȻ
ҶƵԵһɶæֵڡѾǡˡӬҪСҶ˫˲
ôɶ˵ǡģҸ̫죬ҶԵЩڰģ˵ҲĿ˵˫֮еϲɫԶ׼ġ
šġɶһĵ˵ͷ
㡭ľˣҶ鲻Խ
ɶͷһҶ˫˲˷֮⣬޲Ц
ðҵĺɶҶ鲻Խ
ɶȴɻѵĿҶƣҸԼЦʲô
¡Ҷͷߣųɶ㲻ǡ
ɶĲźۼĳɫҼǵãѾѩޱ˰ɣ
ҶɫûѾѩޱˣĸⲻһ
ɶ̾һԴ쳽˳ԼеʱҶƵӰ֪ʱͽפԼϲһأտѩޱ쳽ķôԼһƬأ
ǳɶǼ佾ģԲԼȥ˵С檣Ҷƣ
ûûҶȻʧɫ
ɶ˳ǿϼһ˿ЦݣǸŮһͬһԿ࣬Щҡģ㡭һҪúϧ
ϣỺߵߣĴ˼£һص˹
ҶƴųɶıӰһоԼԼôĽߣֻҪԼ˵ֻҪ㣡仰һԼġ
ԥʲôأԼԴ̤;һԸԭңɼŮߣ򸴺أ
Լܹޱô
ô˵ˣͲҶˣ
ɶҸ㣬һҵģҶƱƣ͵ضųɶıӰ
ɶתͷҶݸһЦһЦ˳ǡЦ˹
˲֮Уɶ˵һ˶ԾѵĻŴȣҡ㣡
˵ֻ꣬ҶԼվת̤űǽȥˣôĲʳ˼̻ƺٴλָǸ߲ʵŮݡ
ҶϸĥǾ仰Ŵȡҵ㡭ȻȲѣҪЦˡ
̫ϲ̵ĿҶƵӣٴҪӵҶƣȴһٴ߷ɣֻ
ХǵȿԼĺôĻ»ᱻҶԺ֮ĵ̾һ
䱸ĿҶһۣһȳһյķ˵쳽Ԧŷա
ƲмĿ쳽û뵽˼˺ݶҲСһոлᣬΪʲôɱ
Ѿûκвˣңɶ˵ҪһҲֻѣҶŵЦЦԶӰһ쳽ҵĶֵʸ񡭡ûУ
ƺƵĴգԭƺص쳽һ仰ɫһ䣬һѪήҲı翸ڼϡ


139 ֵ
˫סҶƣʱҲѾָɵʵɲΪԼҶƵĶ֣վҶǱߵġ
ףⲻֵôôͻȻɨȤ
ߺ޵ҧҧ˵Ҷȴʲôû˵в뵽ҶƵֶΣٴһ̫ǿˣ̫ǿˣԼͲǶְ̩ɽѹҲһ´ɢ⵽жôǿ󰡣
֪һǻģϾͬΪҶġ˻Ҷڵ
ǡЩţæϣѬģҵĴ
ҶûĻǼҺȥСǧ磬ҪĵһǸĸף̵ĽȻ̽ҿչȫ׷ҶԽ˵ɫԽѿ
ģұ֤һ˵ȥֻҪŹңһʲôԹޣ֪ԼСҶƵϣȻʮֵĻţȻΪС´ȥԼ
ҶĸԱߵʯĽĸףôԼôĶ֪ڸѡ񣡡˵ţһȭǰʯȥֻһ¡֮ǰСɽֱӺӴֱӽһɽƽ
ͫ͵͵˿ĭоǾûʹκͨƾܽɽƽ
ʹͨҲʼİǽƾʮҲ
˵ֻˣһѣһǵˣһһҪһ֣ҶƷ·ĵ˵ż˦˦ȭͷԴ
Ͼһ̵Ȼǰƣ΢˼˻ᣬҧҧѡһ֣
ã涮ƣ˵ţҶһСϻӣЦеĵȥѣһǷǳģ
㵵Ľӹӣ򿪣ʱһ˱ǵζ룬˫ֱˣҩǧҩֵһôҶƵʲôݣ
һӹϻӣҶƶһֻ֣Լ˹ȥҶһ½Цļ򣬵ҶƵѣģ
ԵЩнҲŸЦš
ʦһֱԱ߹ۿţһĻҲصЦЦҶʩʱһҪҷһˣͬʣҾСɮʦһҪú̸̸
ҶһͬԼɴûи߹κˣ˸֪飬ε֪أ
ҶʩһҪסСɮĻһ͵̤ڻƽԶˡ
Ҷƿ˼ţ˰벻Ȼ˦˦ԴЩԺ˵ɣ
ƸҲЦ˹ĸһǿʵһıĻŻҲϤˡ




Цٴνеľ޴ĽӰնһӣӴƾۼİɫǽ˲佫޽ڻڿС
꣡
꣡
ƣ۵ͬʱأӶЦ
ʵǿЦ
Ҳ˵ţĿ˿棬Ц϶϶
ѾûȥˣѾһˣǾûκεЧá
ĵսҲǳҰתͷҶƵսصԼеҶƵȭͷϵײţ
ȣ
͵ؽݺݵĳҶֽסͬʱݺݵק˦˳ȥ
ˣСġĴڴͣ˶
㲻аҶЦҡҡͷ
ôͨףʵȴ߽ͨ׻Ҫǿҿҵʵĸ֮ˣͨ׵ʵҶǶ֣̾һ
ˣɥշҶЦŵ
ĸദһУÿ첻ϵԾʵವҲķǳ죬Ҷͬһ׶εˣദȻ׵öࡣ
Ծ˸Ϊֵܣϴ϶ҶСġ
϶ĳƺţ֪Цٴˣ޿κΣ˭ûûСأ
ɱͬĺܲ˼мҩȥɣǶһЩԴ˼˵
˵ʲôأ磬ʵ㣬СͿǲˬˣڸԣǼĵǳϣҴʦֵλãɱĺðҡͷԵЦ


140 
ô˵һһæЦٵĽеļϻװ˿ռָ֮УЦҾͲƲˡ
ӵĿһתͷߺ˵Щʲô
ҲˣҲˣ涨ʱ°ɣҪȥһطһЩԭҵĶ
ȤǸһȥɣ硢磬ҲǶһˣеˣһҲĵý۾һǾ͸Сȥ
Ҳǵ˵ͷǸСһģȻҪһȥ
ʼ磺˶ô˵ģһɨǵôҲȥ
Ҷ΢΢ЦЦóǵͼҵԼڵλãǴС·̡
ãߣҶƺٺЦŲ̤Ƶıսָһ漴ս͵س֮зȥ̤Ҳ֮ȥ
̤ڽն񽣣Ҫգȴһݺݵ§סͷһԭǻ̫ȺֺЦֻôŻ̫ǣҲ˸ȥ
һѸٵڿʻţٶȼ죬ͨ·ħҶȻһѾǼˣѾѪΪξ˵Ҳǧ꣬İʵ㲻ʲô
ͨϵĽд裬ҶƵĵȽҲﵽͨףΪһ¥ٶȣǽͨĽҲֻʱˡ
ҶѪԭ򣬲ûƽʿƿԽ׷ǳס
˿ٵĸ·Сʱ䣬浽һҪɽϷ
ˣҶһЦ͵ԾƵıսɽϣɽڡ
ɭȻպǿֲһҲĽɽϣϸ۲ĵΡ
ɽ֮вʱĴĵ⣬Ǻˣ·ʲô֮ҶԼĻҪҵ״ɽ塭
ȥȺɽƣҶƼһɽ淢ֶһεɽ壬æкһ£ԼǸɽԾ˹ȥ
Ȼ֮Ű׵ľ룬Ҷ˫͵طʵǰɽ֮ϣ˳ɽԾɽ֮ڡ
ɽ棬һ̻ƵʯͷȻɽײƵģͿԴ򿪡ҶŬĻĻǱ뵽ɽȵز˳ɽϸǿ̻ŵơ
һڰ֮иҶƣ˵Цġ
ҶƻعͷһۣŬѰţ湦򲻸ˣҵ˼۵ƣƺ²ɣ仯ĺۼ
ҶƣйһССİݣҶȡ壬Ǹ桭
ͻȻһɹ֮зԭ޹˲ϵķŹâ
Ҷ͵سһĹ۲Щơ
ͻȻľһ㣬˲ȥ漴мһĹѣ˷ĩΧȴӵˡ
䣡
һɰƴҶƵֱӳʯײȥҶǿ׳ӲײһҲûʲô顣
ֵ鷢ˣҶǰʯ̻˲ʧһʯҲ˲黯ڿв˸˼Ҳʧǰֻ¶ɽĵĹ
ɽʮȽǳӶȥʯһյյҡҷ͵ƣɢĵĹâ
ղǺȻһƴû뵽ָʲôȥ˵ʵǷ壬Ͳ֪ȻǱж졣
˻һۣƵСģԼСĵ㣬Ͳȥˣ
ҶƵ˵ͷɽ֮С
ƻ󣬹ɶ칤Ƹ̾
ûпԿףǰɽԭֻһأƫƫ˵ʵҲ̾һ
Ҷƿʯϵ͵ƣЩɣﲻ֪˶ãѵЩ͵ƾһֱôȼҪٵͣ
ôţҶһյ͵ϸĿţ˾ǣ͵Ȼûһͣ⾿ȼŵģ
Ժ֮еͻȻ죬ĵ͵ȫǿŴɵģѾȼꡣ
Ҷ˻ĳһŵĽ͵ƷûԶ૵ͨɣ
Ĭԡ
߽ȥӳһʮϡƽҶܸо˿˿Σ˳ִԱǽժһյ͵ƣ͵سȥ
͵ƻڰ֮У˲䴫һƿ֮
ಣ
͵˲䱻һ⴩̶ļХ漴ݺݵıǽϡ


141 Խ
йŹ֣ҶüͷǱǽϵ͵ƣոǴǽ˲˲佫ڰ֮е͵ƶǽϣɾ䣬һҲˮǼƿ֮Ҷ˿ɼʹԼпҲǻᱻ봩塣
ÿֲרŷֹ˽ĻôҶƲҵģ
ôҲǰ취ƴһԣҶ¶˾ģòߵˣ㬵޹ġ
Ҷվڴһ˫΢΢Сȼ͵ؽȫĶһʮĽ׶Ρ
һҶ͵ش˳ȥС˲䷢˴ȡ׵Ǵ֮ͬһֻֻһӰ
ಣ
Ҷ͵سǱԾȥս֮ͻȻоߴಡĺüƿ֮漴оߵƤýģ͵һҧڿѸٵת˸͵м䡣
⣡
һĲҶƸղڰߵǽ֮ϣҶд󺧲ѣո΢ϰ벽Լͻᱻֱӹᴩ
ಣ
һصһƿ֮ٴҶ͵һԭ͵һĵ棬ڿն˫ͬ嶹һǽ֮С
ոŵĵطٴγ˼ûײ룬ҶһҧѸٵǽ͵سǰԾȥٴβǽ֮С
˵˵Ҳ̣ҲŽǧףҶµҲн˽ףһֱǽŵģ³һ¨ӡ
УǿɲǺģ
Ҷ͵طڵ֮ϣʱ뼸˲ͷ˹ȥҶ͵ظоմһѾѪ
һ˹ȥҿԼ㹻ʱ
Ҷнҵվ׼ǰеʱ򣬶ʱ˷ͬʱ룬һʱ谵죬Ҷд󾪣ܶǼ룬Ҫô㣿
ô㣿
ǧһɲǣҶƴ⣬һܱȫҪãһҧǰӭȥ


ߵ뽻ǽϣҲ䵽ոҶŵĵطҶڿ͵һ𣬱޴ķ˺Щ
öҶƵؿڴȻû˽һ룬ҶƼ͵ƤҲû赲סľ
ҶʹһȴֲԭضͣһӣæѸٵļȥ
ҶƵٶԿ࣬Ҳ̫ںЩˣܶľͶ㿪ʵڶ㲻ľҧӲŹȥ
ǧ׵ѾҶ˽һ룬ҶҲһ㱻룬Ϊˡ
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142 ͭ޹
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ðԵľ綾Ҷ˫һ̾Ѿĸоֱֻûκεˡ
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Ҷǿ˽Ҵ˹׸ǣҲᱻƳ֧顣
ʯɱӿ׸ϷĿռֲɱӰ죬Ȼ΢΢͡
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143 Ԥ
Ҷ͵صһĴʯ֮еĶһǼܣǼһӨӨĵۣΪǼָϻһöռָԱ߷һСС塣
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ѸٵĵѪҶ̽龿˲䱻ӴĿռŵˡ
ҶԭõĿռָĿռֻһСô󣬺ɻ𻯾ҲƽףⶾĿռָڣȻǧƽ׵ĴС
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144 ߳
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Ҳǵɴ˫ۣ٣ȴľˣǹâСڣСҲ˲һɻɢ
ҶƱߵĿǽϣһһŹײĹǼܣ޲ýȡң
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𻯾ĵֱۣʰܸоǱһ㣡ȤĹ۲Ҷϵĵۡ
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146 ޳Ѩ
һҹ̵ĸ·֮Ÿϵ˻̫˵Ǹ޵ĳѨڡ
һƵĴʮ˺ϱ֣˵Ҳ׸ߣƽ̯ţһ޴ĳѨƾս棬ɢİȻϢ
ҶһԶǾ޴ĳѨѨôǸ޵ĸͷж󣿡
ͷôֻҪȫʢʱڣĸ˻δؾЦ
һƬŨ֣ܵǾ޴Ĳ룬̫˵ǰûľģǺֳİˡ
ҶƺɻѵЩľƾճô
̤֮УǶܸо֮һɹӴƣٶкܶͨǱǵ޵ˣ
̫ǰͦصǰ棬Ǹ̬һ۸˴һȺ˸ӡ
ĸ˿Цõĸڻ̫ǵҶƻûһţʹĻ̫ǰشС
һвҪкüӴǣֻಡһһ޴ĺӰԾ˳͵һŻ泯Ҷȥ
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㲻˵ҪôͽˣҶЦе
ɥҪҰҲȺķʩչȽѣ罻ɣ
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˵ţսҪ͵˫֮һ޴ɫĻ棬ɢżȵĵ£в߶ʲôлҲԽԽǿҡ
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147 ս
Բʮ׵ĶľߣԶһɲǱ˱ѩһ㣬һ˲䱻ճ˷ɻҡ
ʮ߾ôϢ֮䱻һԭյøɸɾΧֳһʮ׵ʮڣ˵ȻźĺĶճޡ
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ڴ𻯾ûߣͳᡭ
˼δֹֻͣҶƵӰ˲˳ȥҵļһֱۺݺݵĲ˴ӵıһ˿̵Ц⣬ڴӶߵɱģڶأ
˶סˣû뵽ҶȻôڵĻɱӣҪ֪ǻʳǰȻӸӶļңǻûеΪڻʳ涯ֵĵزء


164 չؿ
˸Ĺâ˲סˣһƽ羲ˮҲһĻסˣ
ڻʳɱ˴ӣҪ֪ʳڿɻ𻯾ǿ󹩷أ
Ҷ͵سһŽӵʬ߷ɣתԶӵӣѾĴ磬ƺͽˣ
ӵĿҶһۣʹ˸ɫ⣬ǰȥҶƵļ򣬵СӣСˣ
˵ţߵ˴ӵʬԱߣҵϮ˲ڽ¿һԼһ׳Լ׵ѷ죬ӵʬ˲Уڶģ˭Ҳж
ϣƽ˸ӡ
ѷ˲ȻϣԭմȾѪĵʱҲ淭סѪٴλָ͸ʲôûзƵá
Ҵû˵ôɨЩ֮Щͱˡ
ЩȻ֪ܵϻʵ۶ԼҲһʮ飬æһͷ絷⡣
ˣƣλѣɣЩƣϾ׸磬ȻԼ£⻹Щ˵ĸоġ
ҶƸ߽ڣźȻرգڸûʣӶһ֣룡
ҶҲһλñҲ֪Ӻ«ĵʲôҩ
裬˸ҶƸƣҶƸоûʲôֵģЦŽ˹˵лл
ǰƹƣһֱûзԭǰЩԺҵұۣһģ
ƼæվˣҳģģΪЩʵ̫΢ˣ
ֶҶƵ֪ŵĸŵĵѣҿȴʵŵһҲûǿưɣ֪˭
ҶƹһЦʲôţֻһСŵĵӶѣţҲûʲô˵ģҽҶƣɾĵӣ
йâ˸һ£ЦָŹһ֮أû뵽ȴıƽˣɰ
ҶҲǵ˵ͷ֪ɾҵˡ
ҶҲû⣬Լ˶ôæѷǵС
黹ллҶֵܣһƺģûܹ֤ĵ
ҶҲ˿Ȼ´׷ɱǶһܲһ¡
ˣҶֵܣһҪ㣬һ𻯾ĹôģҸоҼûлɱ𻯾ʵֻһ𻯾Եʮּꡣ
Ҷ۾𻯾ɱģǸߵܣҲɱģѵҪΪǱ𣿡
ҶֵˣӼæҲǺõģҶֵģ˴ĻʵۣһģԺʲôҪڣֻҪģһǣ
ҶҲͷЦͶˣ
֪ҶֵԺʲôأʮֹ۵˸һ˿ϣϣҶܹϾǿ߿ɲ
Ҷ֪ӵ˼Цҡͷܾĺ⣺̸ϰɣ֮ҪʮŴõΣȻĴĿĵƯ
ԴǸЦЦǿϧˣҶֵһҵĹҶֵǿ۵ġ
ǲ֪ʲôطܹﵽôӺе
ҶƲľܾĺ⣬һᣬǾ͸׼һҰɣ׼չؿʮ꣡
ǰһãȥ׼

ҶƺĿ˿ӵңͷͶˣҷǳ̣ܹĳ
ӺղѣǽϿ̻ƿͨʮҵǿȰҶƵʵɲ⣡
ҶֵܾĻҾͲˣЦš
ҶƷ˼鵤һһαչأҪѡĵһԲˣʮʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˣ
˵ţҶȣ۾˿˼ڤ״̬ҲϢĳԱߣҶһ
ҫ۵ĽɫԴҶ˸ɽ·սһݣҲҫԡ
һαչأעҪȵʮˡ
֪ʮҶƣֻɳʲôĸ߶أ
ڶսҰꡣ
ȴ


165 
Ҷƶڣ岻ϵĲţϱ¶һСһ㣬ĹĵģɫԲӳҫԡ

Ҷ͵˫ۣһɼʵʵĹпšţ
꣡
ҶĴ˲俪ѣҶϴǹɾ֮˲仯ΪĩҶƵ˫˲ڵ֮ϣ𣬵ѾӳĹѡ
Կԣ
ҶʵŤ壬˦ʮĿøǿˣһҲ˳Բ
ڵȻѾ߽ͨˣ
ʮ꣬ףٶȣЩνҲղѰɣ
ʵһҶƿ߳ʮȥˣûбҶƾֱ߳˴ڣʳôķҶƲ뾪ˣԼ͵͵Ǳ˳ȥ
ʮѹ治֪Ϊȵ׿ʼûУԼӦһɾߣɹʧȥҫҲ֪ûС
ҶƸ߳ʳǣ˼λɫҴҵʿǵķӦöһŵˣ˵ȥμλȵġ
ҶƼæǰȥסΪ׵ߣλǰ֪ȥδ
߱ЩͷǿҶ𻯾ۣ˫۶ʱֱĶŲţȻֻͨ˽׵ʵһ۾ܿҶϵĵ˾ԲǷƷ
ôţߵ˼Ц֪СʿҪȥμλȣ
ɾĵӣҪȥμŴأȴСĸʦʧɢˣܷ֪ңôΪٰأҶ˸ѣĵʵ
ελںϻھٰ죡óСѵҲĻ̥֮ˣͺһͬаɣЦеķ롣
ҶҲǣԼͽ֪ʱܵҪͬ·УҲûʲô
ãǾ鷳ǰˣҶЦ
кâһתһಢڵ˵λСѣһ·
Իʿõߵ⣬Ҳ¶һĨζЦ⣬ԼķҶƵλѣɣ
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ߵķһŹֵ״ķ淢Хƿ֮һ㡣
ҶԽԽоԾôĿĵԽԽԶȻҶҲϻԭֱߵļȴڸȦӣҶƸо񣬵Ҳˡ
ŵѣʲô˼ҶЩõʵԸֱ˵ǣȦʲô
оһЦǺǵ㿴Ȼ㷢ˣҲûʲôˡ
˵ţ˲仮ճʻȥһƬޱ߼ʵĻҰϲ˾
ಣ
ȫ˷ĽҶΧģ߸ЦѣЩʲôѾˡ
ҶƱŰӣмĴЩʿǿͷͨ˽׵ʵĵֻͨ׵ʵҶ˵һֵֻ飬ҶҲδϡ
Сѣѵҳûи߹Ʋ¶ĸ𣿡͵ؼ״ķҶ黮һ£в֮
ǿҶƾһѧӵܣһȴ֪ã˷Ѱ
Ȼҳûн̸㣬ǾɣЦнһѾٽҶƵĲ
ٶ֮죬óеǽԵĹԴ͸ƵĽԣ
ʯһɲǣѾҶƵĲӣֻҪǰһ˿ҶƵĲͻᱻ¸ϣһѪ
ҶƾǱɵһԭأԼӡ

һཻ죬ߵײҶƲѾ͵صҶôƵվ෴ȫǹѣѪֱ
ʲôôܣ
ߵɴ˫ۣʵ޷һûеģԦ˾Ȼʵ
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ǰѾͷ£ҶƿҲһĹȥӴڿײȻ
ֻһеȻֻʣ˰أز֪˺δԭز֪Ǻá


166 λ
ҵķ߸˻ţ͵һ֣ҵĽ˲䳯ҶƴǼƺҪ͸һ㡣
Ҷһ̤˻һ׽ĺӰ͵һȭߵ֮ϣ˲ݣѪͷ˲ҽŵȥ
󺧣ŷӦԼߵˣ˿Χͬʦֵһŭ˫ۣ͵һĭ
ǲǶ֣ǿ߰ɣ񿴵Լɵĳ϶ҶһȭɳȥȻʧɫ
ҪΪүү𣡡һŭ˫Ŀ͵һͷ£̺ǧХӭ
Ҷʮһȭ󴦣ڽӽʱȭͷ˲仯ΪץסֻһŤһֻǰɡһǳ׷ϵˣĴš
귢ɱһʹţ˺Щ˫Ŀ죬ͬ׵һ㡣
ҶƲм˷ʱ䣬̽˲з͵طֲؿڡ
ֻۡһֱӱ˸͸Ѫӿ
ʦ֣
ԱʣҲǴŭǿҶȴҳ֣֮ȡʦֵ赭дĴɳϣʵһǳǿΣǶ
ͷ˫֮вѪ˿Һһ
˵ţͷ͵ҶƳһƥƴļƼϻ˸űƽʱҫ౶Ľ⣬Եмơ
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оԼȶˣĵĳȥӾǰ浲סҶƵĲ

͵طѸٵĳԶӴܶȥµĳ˸һҫ۵Ľɫâ˲Ѿ⣡
㣡ŭĿܵ񣬵еǰҲ޿κΣҪҶȴǲǻˡ
ಣ
ҶƵ˲ߣͬһ㣬Ц̽ס˵Ĳӣ˾ͬʨӴסһĵȣû˿ôҶ͵ط֮½Զ˲ӡ
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ҶƿЩʬһۣĵ֪ˣαصأˣѾˣ
Ҳ˵ʬ壬ҶͷָһöռָɨɨҲûʲôرֵĺöȫԼĿռָ֮С
һżƴ½ֲĵͼҶƳ˼۹ɨѾǿҪӽˣϻȻкԶԶľ룬˵ϻȶŮҲѵ˫޹һЩҶƾ̲ס˿ĭ
ֶҲô
ҶƷǳмԺ֮ƺֳҫİۻ顣
ûолŮȻǲеİڡ
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Ϊһݵģټϻ󵹸꣬жٱһֱǻɡ
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ҶƴԵĹһ£ϻȣҲҪµ·̣֪ʱŴǲѾˡ
ҶƸֲԦֻҧҧĳǰϮȥȡЩʱյĿĵء
ͬʱҲʼ˷æתбѡһѾźϻȳһελΪŵ
жţԴҪΪһţеһţһΪڣһεĴһҪõһθΡ
ΪλֻҪµһҲͲһμαвѡֶŵһλѡָͷð棬ֱӱųȥԶٲμƵĴһµĹأҲҴ


167 
ϻȣһɽ֮еĳڣɽȲˣʵڲж죡ɽҰĺž鿪ţƺһζ
ɽڲһصһɽңÿһɽ֮϶žΨĽǺϻȵƽס޵ĵطɽһ޴ļǻȻɵɽװľޱȣɽΪ㣬мǸǺϻȵԱ߾һЩϵרס
ԭƽĺϻַǷһελҪںϻȾˣŸ·ʿϸϻڵĿͷҲıԤЩɾĶͷЩƽסĵطҲд·ʿ
ЩֻкĵӲסķ䣬ȻЩˡ
һĺ磬һ½˸ɫׯޱȵϺ˽ûеЩӴĵǰʺ򣬾ͱר˽ӵڡ
Ҳ̵Ľ˿аַ̬ޱȣҲǱ˽ӵ
һյĳֻңգȺŸҲæϵҲû¶ᣬҲ
һգɽ˲٣Ǵˡ
һҲϵЩžͲòפϾϻݲôˡ
ϻȵĵطģЩдòʱһЩС·ʿϢ
ɾѣɣһЩӶ˾һ֮еĹ֮ȴûм֡
ӽǴһСķӴΪƿţǺϻΪǰŵס
ѩޱһǸСüͷ
Ȼܸɾ룬Ǻ¡ǣֻһſЩƵӺһСôһ㶫벻붼ѣңҲ̫Сˣ
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ǸǸ̰ĿһѩޱĽ˼ڿˮ漴һΪѵӣû취ҺϻޣԸλһ̰ɡ
ѩޱüͷ˫֮һ˿ŭɫҪ簴ס˼
Ǹ׼ĵطߣϻȺų֮һʵҲô
¶ŭݣսȭͷʲôǺϻõסǣȻǸ׼ģ֪ЩðĶҲţûǸϳȥˣ
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ǾȻҶ֣ŭɶǺϻȣǼңһȺֻ֪Ҫǵ˺һ˿һǾͱ߳˵ţ˵ָָıӣɾĸУǸӴû˵һСɻҰǷˣ
ɫ䣬Ц㣬ʲô֣
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мתͷȥȻǷӼеŭ𣬵֪ڸǷʱ򡭡
˵ͷ˼ʦôҼסˡˣԹˣ
ѩޱô׵ķŹһ߽ڣ׼ţȴٶס
ЦҪԼ強УЦλСʦãʦҿ㳤ˮģֻҪͬʦ˫ޣʦ־ԻΪǰŸϵεסޡô
ѩޱϹ¶һ˿Ц⣬͵һȻĿѩޱѾһ룬ôָԼĲӣֻҪԳǰбһ֣Լܾͻᴩ¶ɫǾ綾
ٵ亹˲һҶһСĿȥ
ѩޱ˫ôƽ㻹Ļ͸ҸϽޱȣһ£һӿǼʱֹסǹɸоһ̾ͻɧɡ
⣡
˹屻ѩޱһ߳ȥ˾һֻ˵Ϻڵϴ˺üͷվ˵Ťͷܡ
ѩޱмһڣš
ͶԺϻƫοոҲ߯ʶôЩҲ⼤ѩޱŭ
εţޱʱȿһ£ȵҲûлȥˡǸʦ㣬û´ĻӦһκϻڵĺĵĶ֮ʱֺЩˡ
ѩޱڷڵ˵ͷ̾һȴǸһ˵Ӱ
Ҷơ㻹ˣѩޱͷ


168 չ
ҶƵȷҪģֻһʱˡôԶľֻƾ˫ţľһǴʱ˿Ҳеһ˿ƣۡ
ۺϻȣѾڽˡ֮λȻǶбԣһŵλãȻֵһűԣѡһᳬڵλá
ɾȻڶţʵڴʼ֮ǰкܶԤһܹɹһŵһЩŵʵȻɾСϺ׸ûнǵС
ϣΪһŵģһԻڵĶţǰҶСǧɱǸʿҲǱڵˡ
ںȻһʵģ˵кЩʵǿĵӶѾͨףͬȼ֮ǿ߲ͨһ׵ѹԵơ
ڸսʱ򣬱ڵĵǺ飬սǵ䱾Է֮ƿٵĽֳ壬ʵԶԶһȽף
һɾԱڣɾãҲǲֻҪսʤھֱܹӽһţüȥǾȻ˱ڣܷʵսʤأһϻɳĲкȵ
ǲŨüۣһȻʵס
쳹һ֮У˵ʵǡȻѾ̤𻯾
ȻռѹԵƣǰѡȨøɾɣɾĴҪѡսʽأе
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ǲе˵ͷɾѡǵغܼ򵥣߸ɳһһսӮ˵˿ѡսȥʤƣ
ǱǱߵȻûаɾУһȺ˰žһЩ΢ֵ̨˺Ķӵɫһࡣ
ٹͷԵĳڱϢǵĳϽһᣬǳϵ˵ͷȥ̨ϵӵ˵Щʲô۾صĵ˵ͷ
漴̧ͷĶ¶ɭȻЦ⣬ܲңղ˸߹ҪȡֻʣһЩӲдʱˣ
νĿӣǸ߸ϵڸӵϵϣһ˿мûУһ´ƲôƲɣ
µʦ۾һ漴ͷȥеӷ𡭡
ԶԶĶһۣԶ˶Էеϲãʮһ𣬲֪Լλ硢ܳɳôĵز
ɶȻĴ߳Ƶ쳽ֻȻʧɫһߣͷҲûյĹԡԱ
ɶɫЩӣʵû뵽ڵɾֻǶŶѣǱڸɾʲô
֮ɾһҪһ֮ˡ
һصԣɫȻЩζִ϶֮⣬߳ݣҲǱ˰ɣ
ΪȣÿŵˡҲǰһʢᡣ
ʵףͨ׵ʵڱȻǿҲˣԼʵǷǳŵģзϻ裬һӾϵѹȸС
ֻһʾ⣬Ѿʼˣ
мĽڽն񽣽䣬Ը㣬Ҳм
ӵʱŭս͵̧𣬵£мŻ汬ѵϢý˶Ѿŵһսζ
ЩڵȻȤۿȼıҲֻΪ裬̶ֳȵıƤӶöġ
ϣ
ΧսȴһƾճֵĽɫ棬һ˭ûпγֵģֻһ
һ˲ɰǧɫƾɣһźХķӴȥʱ֮䶼ɫļ̣ͷƤ顣
˫۵ɵͬţһ㣬Ҫ˲䱻ǧɫ̴̴巢ۡƲ
žડ
ǧɫ˲ȫϴ˹ȥӵҲһ㣬¶ۣϵѪ˶Ѫˡ
ȫžޱȣֱ˰죬ڵ˲ȷŭĺȻϷˡ
˲ĳ֣ݶֻ˲伴㣡
г˲۾漴һüͷԲ֮ǿ˿ԼľĽӰ˰
˵Ǹ̽תͷ
ĶܣɾȺתͷƵ


169 Ҫ
ڵƺܸȤӡַޱȣֻ˲˫־ͽʮƣŵôļ̡
ķȻѾǵͨ˽ף̶ֳȵΪֻЩڵǿ֮Ⱑ
ƶ˵ͷһԺӣƺΪԼܹϿԼֵܶеˡ
ȺͻȻüʵƶҶֶҲɾ˰ɣ
һ㶣漴˵ͷ
ɾ桭ԻȺƬ̣
ôûҶֶӰȺʶĴɨ䡣
ͷӣĵܾԻģ֮ǰѾˣңɾһεĿ꣬ҪΪڰƹص
ȺȻԼĶӸ̵ҶƳֵܣĵ˵ͷƶҿҪ𾿾ɳʲôز㵨ҸȺĨڵĻ֧ĵҩ˰ɣ
ôԼĶһûУƲ
ҳһţڵĵһŭѵĽţ𻯾ĲǾͻֱӳȥ˺ɷˣ
ȻҲȫɵӣǵһ뻨׵߻ĲţΪŭ
һһӿɶǱھȫ֮ŵǿߣȻһû취ȣȴԶԶʤţΪһԺѹĽȥ˭֪·ɱһɾɾ֪ĸţƽʱĬĬţµӾȻӵôǿʵ
ȫܰ
ͷԼҲͨʮ׵ʵԼȻҲûаսʤ
ԭʮܵļƻȻ¨ӣ
һȥҪ˺ɱʦܵһĿͨ죬ŭĺ
ҹ˫͵һɣһͳȥʵͨףһƳķɳ˺ԶһѪô
߽˫ۣѪ̧ͷΡǡȨ˵꣬ͷ·һʧȥȫһ̱ȥ
Ϊʲôһɻ󣬵Ǻ±ͻȻѣֻСʵ֮мһ˿ʣӮġ
Ϊ˱סǵ
գȨɾʤĽһŵУɲ˺ϻȣҪɾܹμһžڵʸ
˻һϷˣ˱ӣ˳Ƶᣬκ˵ļС
ϻһλò绨ĻޱȵŮӣ³ĵϢһܹ˵а𣬶ƺû˿Ȥôƽվǰ
ϻӣЦľٶǰ޹˵รǱΪһλľٰҲȨӦʣҪλſɡ
˵ͷĶԺϻǻ͸ˣ
ϻ٬ü⣬Цһ˲ţܹ뱾˫˫ɵĻ˵ͻӦΪ˵รΧкܶϻȵĵӣƺϰΪˡΪͰϷˡ
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ܺϻȵŮ˲仨ʧɫû뵽СŵȻôϷԼ⻹˵ã
ϻЦͻȻ̣ɵװɵ
תЦЦתǾ͵ÿûȥˣ
ʼ磬һ޹ӣƫƫϻκβΧô೬ڵĪҪñ˿Ц
֪λأϻתһЦӣһ
ҾüȻǿ䱾ȻҪһʵոλѡ֣ѾܺڹɾʵҾãӦ׼Ⱥȷԡ
˵ͷز˶ģҲͬ
۾û˵ƺǲС
̵ɮҲˣķܶʱһƬճЩŵζӷҲãλԵЩӣ
Цųλһɾڴ˸лλǰ
ϻ˵ͷԲʹ˸ɫǲ̻⣬ش׼ɾᳬڵȨտһһ
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170 ʮ
յıˣȫصԼסѩޱСķ䣬оһ
ո߽ţʹѩޱͷĿţЦվ档
壬ôˣѩޱʵ
ÿӣȻɪɪ٣˿̵پܾͬСһͷٵվһλͤͤŮӣŮļߣ˫޳ɴ壬Եʮġ
˹ͣµǸŮӺ
١ͨһ¹ڵϣϵĿͷԲҹۿ˵ֻͣǴдĹҵĹɣ
ѩޱĳһҲϵ٣ɻĴŮӡ
ŮΪǿƺһħȥ
ŮӦþǺϻȶʦˡ
ٿѩޱСĸŵüǻæҵĿͷͷˣ˻޺ǷŹСɣ
ÿѩޱƺԸԭ٣˫֮кâ䣬˫ָ˵ϵһ£ͬǦһ㽩ֱֱͦͦĵȥ
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ѩޱеЩӦȻû˲ĵز
λȻǲʺסȥģѾΪλʰ˷䣬ɣŤͷԱߵһĵۡ
ȻʵǿǴûɵһ
ðȻԹ﷢ˣȻǹ󷽷һ֣СҶסˣϣԹﰲŵķƱҪЩ
ȻЦһ˵˱Ƕ
ýǴһЩŵӾסķ䣬ȻûЩĵӾסĵطǾԱ֮ǰСӺٱҪࡣ
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ѩޱ֮ǰôȴͻȻʲô˼
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ȻǷǳѵģճǩķʽУһβμӳھѡһžʮ֮࣬½һŵɾǡʮĸ
ʮɸѡżбһֱֳǰףóһλãпܳΪţ
ΪʲôпأΪɹеһţҪµĿ飬ֻͨܵõЩڵϿɣɹΪڡ
Ϊʲôڵô٣ΪЩĿ鶼̫ѣкܶоֵŶ˳ڵĿ֮У˵һɾҪָԭĳڵݣνء
ǰȥǩһ߳Ϣң̸оԼܶܶӴƶסˣ˿ΪȻᶨƵһһǩӣȻôĿ֮ٶ𻯾ǿߣкܶɲģǶһЩڵ
ӣһűŨסֽţĬĬ߶֮ȵʾһõ֡
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ѩޱƲƲ죬磬֮ǰϳαҲҪϳҵΪҲˣ
ЦЦһسŵˣ֮ǰҶƱ֤֮󲻻ȥѩޱע⣬ȻǲᣡҶĵܣ͸ȥˣ
ڸģǰѩޱһ
ðȻѩޱҪսյĵһ˲μӺˣѡսɷµĵ˵ͷ
ΪʲôҲܵսѩޱ
ޱԷɶһţǧҪ⣬ΪЩһȽϱһЩҪõʤЦ
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֪ʵǿǿ˿Щڵǣϵõ˶ڵıһЩΪͻͽʵǾһأ
ɶҶƣȻһĽڵı˻Ҳǿɶѩޱ޷޵뵽


171 ܿ
鵽ʮһǩһţһ֮в㶥⣬ҲףҲεˮƽѧ޻Եͨʵ֮ǿС˵ǿĴʦѾͨ׵ʵˣ
ǧҪСĽϢڣϵӣʵѾ˫˫ͨףԸɾŵһʧǿһɲԤС
ʦЦЦһ֮󲽵߳Ϣң̨롣
棬ѩޱѾȺˣλĵӣвɵһ˿ɫ
𻯾Ĳϲһ˿ɫȵ˫ȡԶıֱһȫʧȥֿǱ̨һʤ
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ҲЩסˣʵҲɿ죬ﵽ߽ͨ׵ĳ̶ȣѩޱֻһеСϺװˣû뵽ɢȻԼ⣡
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ѩޱŶĶֻ֣ǰǸеȣòҲʮͨȴޱȣһ˫۾˸ĹʣܿһɫĵӳǲӢȴƱˡ
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һ˶ԸһѸٽսѩޱԼ͵سڽն񽣣ڿдǧ̵Ĺ⻪öĿĴӭĻ֮С

ǻмʧ٣ʣµֻһ޽͵Ͼ٣֮жʱһӵİݣžöĿ
ѩޱԾ˫ת˲ֻѾס˺ü룬涼ҵĶҩֻҪһƤ⣬¾ֻһغ³ˣ
ѩޱ͵ѩޱ˫˲˦˫֣˸˷bȥڿзХƿ˶
ַŮɢǶһżΪ޵ַҶҵ඾ʧѾõķͨѩޱôϰôĹأ
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ڳ˴󾪣ССоȻܹչֳ˾޴ϻֱһ֣
йȫһǽԶͶַĲƽһͷӶʲô
ߵսԶ׼Ҫ׵Ķ࣬ڽնѾںڽն⣬ӴĽȵϵڿһ޴ĳһȫХĳ롣
ʧɫһ˲𣬲ϵĽУǷ˲ɢͷСĻ򣬽ǽȫڿȼײɢ
¹Ǿ͸ˣھھ
ЩڵҲһ¶˸ȤɫھͨʱĹҪһͨĺö಻ֹȻܹھõôڻͨͨ˽֮ûеƣ治Ҹս
෴˵Ǻܿͽˣ
ھ֮ûһ㷴ܿ챻Ӵֱ衣
bѩޱĶۣԡѩޱӸһҩ
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172 ǿ
в·̣
ҶһϢѾϵıҹ֮ãӴľѪ׳ǵֲ֧֣ôã
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ͻȻҶƸоͽһݺ⣬һһ±߶ϵĸоһ󱳿ʼëȻ
ҶƷӦ죬˲伱æԾ´ͷ鿴š
һȫ¶ں֮еˣĵҹܣƺ˺ҹ֮УҶƸо񣬸ܷ־Ȼﻹˡ
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173 
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һڽɫѪҶͫ͵ҲƲסϷȥ֮ŵڵ֮һ޴ӡ

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һڵӰڵסҶǰĹâϴŲ̵ЦݣЦŶҶƵԴ̧֣ʱҶƱоԼԴһǯһĶţԴҪըͷ¶ڴ
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Ҷ͵۾ܣһ¾ǼæԼԴûбһı顣
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174 ͨӡ
ĳ˻κβ̨ҶеһʯͷҲˣôһ𻯾ţôȥǸ⡣
ǵͨ죬Դ̤𻯾֮󣬴ûôǱһʱ߷߲ѡͷ˫͵ؼסС̨ƺҪᶯ
ǣ鷢ˣۺηǽ̨Ρ벻˵ˣԺһ¶ǲܵ飡
д󾪣ԼһɽҲܹöοûжصС̨ӣѵС̨ɽɣ
һһķ
и̨˶壬ȴһ㶼ûȷһʮķֻôλܹġ
һƫˣȻǷǾһƽİ취˫Ѹٵ̨Χ̻һɫƣ̨סӴƺҪ̨ڲܣ
ҶҲûȥ۲죬ĶϾ̨֮ҶƵȷ԰ȵĿϼʮ꣬ҪȥμλӦޱôϣỹԼ˵ɽˣ
ҶãȻɨܣȴͻȻ޴ķӡסĿ⣬޴ĴɺԶһصϢţƺżֲĴڣ
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ڵʵǲǿԽ⿪ͨķӡҶƺˮͻȻץס˾һ㣬æʵ
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ǾͿ̸ƽӡҶս˫ȭ˫֮гս⡣
𻯾ͨʮ׵һѻܻ
ε⿪ӡİ취ҲҪԼϸϸȥܣϾֲ̨ˡ
ҶƼæվǸͨķӡȥǣһ˿С
Ľ˫ִǷӡ֮ϣʱһǿŷ㽫Ҷú˺Щ
ǿķӡҶƲɵóֻ̾ͽ׵ķӡ滹𻯾ķӡķӡһͨķӡôֲôЩǺ̶ֳȵǿӡأ
ƺĵʲôԼԼٻҶƳճյĦǷӡͬĦ˵ա
һϤĸоĵǰķӡƺԼѪһ㣬ҶĻӶֱۣǷӡҲͬһʧ˿С
µֻǺرš
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ŵˣһǼ˽Զҷģһŭ漴ٴ߳һӰˣôƽվ
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Ҷ͵һ˺˼ĴЩˡ
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ˣֿˡ׸ʤмǸ˽ֿˣ΢ֵĽףݵĸһľͽʤˡ˵ĳ൹ʮֺ÷ֱ档
𡭡ö񣡡ҶԵЩн˶೤ʱ䣿
ֿЩƽǶ˯Уֱӡ⿪ǲܴӳ˯֮Ҳ˶ãֻ֪ԴӱץĿʼһֱ˯Ⱥߴˣ
ҶһüߴΣôҲüǧˣ
ֿ˿Цûа취ҵˣǵȻô˵еϣ֮ɫȴǳ˭ϣԼܹƽȵȥڲյķӡ֮г˯أ
ҶһиһӵɫΪ̨ˣȻȨͷͷǵİɣ
ֿ˵ȻֻҪһͷܹǻҷ𣡱ӡ֮ʮˣΪǵǰ˶ûҷ³ֻˡ˵ţֿ¶ޱȵľ֮ɫ
Ҷһ󴥶˲ӵֻҪΪЧʮ꣬Ҿ͸ɣЩȴʮּᶨ
ֿ͵شסˣ׸ʤҲ۵С۵ĿŶԷɣǶôϣܹõɰЩ
ɶ˵ڸոս׵ͨʮ׵ʱڱ̨ӡʱ򣬾ѾǶȥˣ
ʣµģֻոһյĳ˯


175 ۶
˵㻰ǲŵĻҿԼģҶ
ֿ˼æֹסҶƣ֮Щʣлˣ
Ķһ𻯾ǿߣҲ֪ûаաҶƵĻЩڰͨ𻯾Ĳǲǿνһһ¡Ȼ˶ͨʮףǲǺ˵Ķֻ˵
˷ģһƴĵֵס㸶ԼҲϧֿصĵ˵ͷĻʤҲ͵ĵͷУһ㾧Ө
ҶƲ֪Ϊŭڵһ¾ð˳ƲסԼĺŭʲôԼҪǲǸһģǶӵԼԼ־ǲż
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˼æͷɫĲȥ۽ǵۡ
̨ôˣһλǵͬģԼһǰԼЩ˵ūʹв֮Լҷ
µϰѾ˲ĥӣʱııҶó嶯﻽ѣһʱ䶼Щ㶡
ǰԼ
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һĲҽд̨淢Ҷһüæ档
̫ǻѪıһ˳ȥڵʹš
ҶƵʱ˫Ŀͨ죬һβסŭһ˳̨
֮ǰ̫Լˣָõ·ܣԼһ⵽˵ķ̨֮Уȴǰѻ̫Ǹˣ
̫̨ᵽҶѪζȻⲻ˸һսǻ̫ô𻯾ǿߵĶأ
ǻŭĲͷţ㶼˻̫ϣ˫͵ſһס˻̫ǵ壬˫ֲϺʮ̫ǵҲƺɾ޴š
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Ӱ˲˺ǰúһɣ̫ĵ
Ҷƿ첽߹ȥһϢĻ̫ǣƺʲôءһ±ըŭڣѾ˼ŭıԵ
á
Ҷƴ漷һ˿ŭ̧ͷݺݵĶǺˡ
һˣһӣһӣ˿ûʲôصĵط漴˺ҶƣЦˡ
ڻǳˣһһڹ֮еĻģҧгݵЦ
˭֪˿Ϊ׵ȴˣ֮дһ˿мζӣ˲𻯾һ׶ѣ𻯾δȹ̸ûʲôµģ
һЦǺ˻˻ȭͷ֮гŲмصͦʵǲǼ˰
ҲЦϸòǳ̴ɣ
һһĺ죬ŭĵͺһƳĹ
ӴЯɽ˲ǰĿռ䣬ƺƵĳֿȥ
˶ͨʮףȻϸ𻯾һأǱϾˣҺҲֻǸոս𻯾ûã֮ĲСԺԲơ
۶ֿͨһ˵һ´ļϡͷ˲һ䷱ĺɫ˸ž˵ɫͬʱ׸ʤͷҲһģһƷΣ۶֮ơ
꣡
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ۡ
һһѪƲס˳ϵȴʮֵļ㣬߲ʵĴɽһ㡣
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Ҳɻѣ˵ͨģ
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176 ܾ
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177 ձƴ
ҶüΪʹ࣬ס˵֣ҿκǣǧҩһκǵģ
ʹһ૵ˣǵԴѾ飬СƷҩҲǲܵˡ
ʤҲŬװһƽӣȴЩˡǲܼЧˡʮꡭ
ҶƸоۿЩʪ˲òһѣȭͷ͵ڵϣŭô֮ǰ˵Ըȫûκѹô
汻Ҷҵĺ¡һЩ޴ʯ𵴵ķ
Ҷͬһʶϵĺ飺ʲô취Ծǵ
ʮֱǸûУǵԴѾɢѾصˣ
Ҷһ̱ڵϣ鶼˵ûУǾûˡ
ֿ˲ЦǸˣҡƭģ𻯾ôҲͨģѾˣһʱزˣ㻹ǿ졭ܰɣá˻
ҶЩʣȻʶ̶̼ʱѾǵ
ôϣܹɰֿ͵شһ漴ı۾Դ˹ȥ
׸ʤҲŶԷһ˿οԶԴֻʣҶһ﷢㶡
͵߬ȭͷҶ̧ͷʮƽķ૵ӽԺǡˣ
˵ţҶ͵һȭڵ֮ϣӴ˲佫ҳһ޴ĿӵҶƽУ˻
ûҶȴɹĶŵľһڵ֮Ͽ̻ƣһ׵ķƴ
ҶƸһʱѧģȻͨһƻ˳ġ
ֻҪ𻯾ǿ߲ﶷͲݣǵʬǣǰȫġ
ΣҶƲŻһ˫۱üᶨ͵߬ȭͷָգþһգҪɱ㣡
ɱ㣡
㣡
㣡
޴˶͵һ𣬻ֱϾϵĻصһ֮УͬʱҲᶨҶƵ
һգɱǺˣΪֵ˱
Ҷеŭڣ֮ϱŷĽɫԽҶƳеޱȣ˫֮ȼյ棬ƺҪһжҽ

Ȼɾһ·ն˶ϾֻһǶѣܹΪһžͲˣôܸᳬڵλأ
˶ΪɾҪⳬֻΪӶѣûΪɹ
ʵЩɵһĶ⣡
ɾɹɱǰףҿͷλ׼ʮһŶҪѸͣ
Ҳû˸Ʋɾˣ˰˴˴ᳬλõ
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𻯾ǰ޹˵ٰ
ڰʱЩ˿ͨѾ𻯾ˣǶ붼ģ
ЩڵĽӰˣ˭Ҳظ֤Լܹڰ֮ǰɾ𻯾Ͼ˱ǱҪԵ
ѡǿĵҲͨ׵ʵѣͨ˽׵ʵͲһϵģȻҪбϾǰ̭λѡγһɲֻǿʵΪ
־ء
ǾԲôһŻȫ͵ģ˵ʲôͲԼأ
ǰ׵ıҲܿУɲǵսȽ϶ѣǱȽϵһ˵־
ŵ˸Ÿһ֮ڣǰһƬ޴ڰޱĻŵϢÿһ䣬߶ɵĺڣżǳ˸΢Ĺâ
ããį
޷ĵ¾һ𣬿ɽӲ֮׶顣
Ľ˵Ϊǿ󣬵ޱ޼ʵʱΪС΢ĸоǴĵ׷һ־η֮⣡
Ҫ˵Сˣǣɢ֮Ҳ΢һ㣬ƺֻҪζһ£ɻȥǳ
֮λڵѾһõĿѡš
ŽɳǿߣС
ѿ˵Ŀռѷ죬ȴ֪Ϊԭ򱣳סѿѷڣȡ֮һ޴Ĵš
е˽һ㱣Ĥᱻռɱƴľе
˭һ˭յʤߣ
ⳡǳƽ


178 ٱ
ŵ˳ŵ˳ȥͬΪʿһŽɫۣԵ䲻һźɫۣԵʮֵ͵
˶һۣԶ˶Էǿҵս⣡
ɫʿڵǽ̣һ֮жĴڡǺɫʿڵǺţͬҲǲڽ̵Ĵڣ
Ϊһε֮ıȽϣ˭֪·ɱ˸ҧɾճγ㶦ľ棬ֻ֮һʤ
ϻȹЦŶķɮߣʩչϰ񹦣λ󱲼һԵռıĤɣ
ߵǸɮ˵ͷվ¶һĨ֮⣬ǰˣ΢΢һЦ
λСѣĤԼʮʱӦ㹻ǵˣɮ˵ţӻһҫɫƣԼĪĴ糤תͬʱ߶Ѷľġ
˲䣬һۿɼķĴƮɢůĽԶ˵ϣͬʱоһ𣬽žԴԴϵů֮⣬ǽӽ̫һ޿ɿܵľ޴ţԼǰ׸⣡
ǷŵĽսħƣ𻯾ĶǷϻȹ΢һʧ漴Ц
ɮ˵ͷͬʱнսħ͵һľ˲ϡ

˿߻ŵĽɫģԶһɣƺо˴ʱ˿ļ᲻ɴݡ
ˣɮ̵սħƣ𻯾ڱ뻳еɲй⻪ԶȥһͨĽһ㡣
ϻȹ͵һۣķţλС˧磬ɣ
˳ջ󣬳˽ԶЩʧ񣬲ϾΪ׵ʿܿͷӳ˹һ˸ֻɲΪֻǵ˵ͷѡ
ǴڲĿռƺ˸޾ڣǳ׺У͸һ޾Ĳɣ֮С
ϻȹɫûô㣬ȡ֮һ࣬ƺһͳöƾύˣֲססһʱ߶Բĺֻ֮أ
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˻
͵سһ˫ѾɽʯڣǿվԻһ壬ǿӦٱ
վɽۣĿؼǹиеޱȵϢƺš
գĿⶨԶĺ֮У˲۾һĨ
оǸ򣡵ʲôвĿһ
¡
꣡
ʾͷһҫ۵ĹâأԶɽ֮ϣѼ΢Ȼǵ˴˵ľ룬ȴԽ顣
ڽն񽣣ԦŷգٱоǳڿͬʱҲһƬط·ͻȻĪı仯ƺؼεѹ
֮ǿӰ켸ɺԲƣüͷһšֲý֮ʱϻȹǿٱӦþǹĪѹ˰ɣÿʱͽһʮʱ֮ʮ򱶵
ʮ򱶵ǿһǧѹΪĩ
ȻôţǲԸ˷һӵʱ䣬ɲ࣬æԦڽնѸٵĳ֮гȥڰٱ֮£ٶ࣬ԻûӴޡ
ٶ֮µ͵ĲӰֱɳԶڶӰŻʧ
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179 
æɽ֮ϣĿֻɲڴ˵Ӵ֮Чƽʱٱֻϧʱֻʮʱ
ϵĿռӿɢǿϢ߿п赲ռľģֱӾͻᱻռɱ
ˣǹӴƻѹڶٱ֮ȻʮսԵģ
ıۣʶԶһʮֿ״̬漴Ǳʲôٻһ㲻ϵķաһδ֪λ桭
ƣ
޵֮Уһֻߴʮ׵ľţĥ̴Сľȭ£µ׶ʳһɫĿռ·Ǻ˿ռľ룬ֱӳͷ
ڽնѾգѸٵǰһɫĹ⻪ӭžܵľȭȥɫͶֻһ㽫һĹ֣ƺһӱ˲мֿ

ѪɽУܲҽˣĥһѾһŭĵС͵һ̤ȥ
ģ
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һ𣬿Ĭڽն⣬޾Ѫмߣܵͷ­ߣױȵٶһ£
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ڽնĴ棬΢΢Ϣţ֮¶һ˿Ұŭ⡣
оȫѪڣĴδй˷ܣԹϵΪ¯ԲΪһδεɱУһ֮죬սٵţ
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Ȼ֪ʶĻþԼɽ֮ǺɫͻһĿ԰ԼΪĩɲԼЦ
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֮䴫Ȼ죬߼һ

ʱţתۼѾǰ˸ʱȥѹҲתֻͽ򱶵
̵ĵӣһǰ岻ϵ΢΢ƺǳĪѹһ㡭ͻȻϵľĲϵҡ˼£ɫ˲ͻȻһѪ૵֪ȥ˶áΧѹʵ̫ǿˣٲȥĻ궼Ҫܵش
˵ţ͵ͳ˾ᣬѸٵĿ̻ţһ߿̻һ૵ôˡѾȥ˰ɣֻҲǱǿ˰
ʿӰ˲˴ڣĿڶ೬ԼͶĿ⡣
ЩưĿ̣Ԥ֮еĻûȡ֮ǾóĲ졣Լʦʦֵܡÿ֮ж͸Ų˼顣
ϧˣȻûܼʮʱǿҼֵʱõˣҡͷԵ
ûκ˻ĻоЩ֣ĿѸٵȺ֮ɨ䣬ڿŸɾʱλ϶͸¶ϷʵЦݡ
ⲻܣӷŭʵ벻ͨôǿѹȻ˱ֵʱ仹Ҫã
̵ĵӳ֣ɾŵıƴˣϻȹ֮͸һ˿á
ʧǵĳԼλȥѾӭʦƺܹɱ˵Ŀˣ

ŵʿھŸ֮ͨǰĺε䣬һƬõĿռУ˻ʱ̲ͣÿһ֮꣬ǰ˸ʱƾݻͨԿ֮ѹȣҲԵ
δҰģҪһʷҪʮʱ
ȻԶ󣬸չڰ˸ʱؼѹȻһӦʱ嶼Ҫ֧飡
ȥԶˣʿŭͷĪĿռѹһδײƬضڶѪһֱڷڣѿ
ȻⷽصѹƣķȫԿ޷ר
ͣ
ļͻȻըѿѪɽ¶溧˵ɭɭĹͷ֪Ѿ˼ޣʵһŭ𣬿̻Ǿᣬ˲뿪硭


180 ֵ
ŴһռŤ˶ס˺ڵĿⶼע˳֮ʣǸȻӮң
ŵŵָ˴λ֮ж֪·ʮһ˿ġ
Ӱӿһ۵ʿӳ˳ֻоԼ˲ͷһһġ
Ϊʧȥ˽һȻľ֣Ӯң˭֪ɾȻʷӶֱӽΪһţһ˳ڵĿʸ
ѩޱһۣԶԷеϲ
ߣɶ֮Щɻ󣬶״ǰĴš
쳽Ѿŭ߬ȭͷޱ޼ʵŭȼգ
ʿ˽һͷɥӣΪԼӮңɫЩ죬Ŀŵȴɫһ
⡭
ʿԭأæɾȥȴû
ѵԼһ֮ɣ

ʿԭʵɫ˲Ʋסŭڡ
ʿҲһһǽԶû뵽ӮһɾСϺס
ʿԻʵ̫ˣ֪ȻصôҵȾȻǺ
˵ֶܹãܷﵽʮʱ
ܰɣʷϼõҲʮʱѣ֣һɢֱӻᱻռ飡
ǺʿҧԾɲԸԼˣ˽̵Ķ֮󣬾ȻһСӳ飿
ڶʿĵȴĽ٣˭Դ漣˭ֶϣһ֣һʱìܵĺܣ
ʮʱȥˣеʿȻûгЩڵһҲϢһɹӴʶǴš
ôˣѾ˰ɣһʿС˵
⻰ʱӭڶʿĹǶڱԼţһĪļ
ͽǺϻˣϻȹȻһЦԿռָ֮óһĹ񹤵ͭһһǷ߾ȻһԼΪƽš
ĵطĵط߽ϣʳ޷İ
źϻӵһƷ𻯾ķųӾ̽ڤ򣬿ʱռڴ޷ܣⷨһɽӱؾ١
߾ˣ
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ʿ˽ϻȹЦһҺϻδ͸ռ䣬ѰСʿģ
˵ţϻȹа׵ָ˸һˮȵĵӿڵĿռŵӿǿҵ𵴣ǹ˵ϢԾڡ
յҼλеľ𻯾治аǺüë׵İվЦ
϶Ǿ𻯾Ϊβôһ۽簡ȺЦſЦ
Ȼ䲢ͬݵλȴǵͬģȺҲеЦ
ĹԽԽҫۣƺﶼ˹Ƶã
ȻһԾһâ˲䴩ǴŵĴڣââȥʿâȥķȥ
ңյ֮⣬ԭڵͻȻһŴǱ۵⣬һңӦһĺɫն

ϻȹһһ޷ݵͬɽһľŷ澵ʱģһ棬˲
ǺȻɽ֮ϣɫĶЩƲסĲͬ嶼΢΢ĲţѾˮʪˣ
һսϻȹ͵һ棬Ӱ˲תĴź˵Եʮޱȡ
ѪڸһӴľͷսţǾͷͷѾʣĸǿսš
ûĽɫ޽ƺͱɫâʮִۣϵĸͷߵͷײţһƬƬ˵Ѫ
ǿĹȻܹռ䣡һʿ૵
裬ڽնѾ˺üϵлţȻҪȫʢʱ٣Եʮֳأ
Ͼ򱶵


181 
ʮһʱˣ֮еȻһöĿĽɫâصϢһ˲͸⣬ʱ̴ڵĿֲѹҲõĽɫâԶԶƿ
漴һѹأƬĹϿռ¡¡
͵һ̧֣㾡ȫ֮ڽնǰ֮˲һǾͷ˲䱻룡
꣡
ǰɫ޽նеĵطȻѵõĳһƬѣƬƬ
꣡
·ʧȥȫеһ̱ڵϣͬʱ֫ʼѣһϸСѷһѪɡ
˲صʵ֮Уɽ֮ϵ͵һһѪ˫̺Բζ¾ҵĲ
ΧǾҲѾռɱһţƺϾҪٱһ㡣
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ʮһʱ룬֮Ȼ˲һ˿һ±ѹſ˵ϣƽڵ֮ϣ棡
֮УЩʿһͣݻӰ졣
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ǳŲסˣȥԻᱻӴѹģ
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ЩڵҲ¶ϧɫļѾˣֵܼʮʱˡ
ЩȻҲ𾪲ѵģȺתͷƴƶ㣬ֶܹã
üͷβ̾ϢԲᳬʮʱʵ̫ˣ
ͬΣҲڱĳڷ
̵ĽҲ̲סĴѯǽȴǲǿ⡣
Ҳûаձĸá
гڵĽӰж΢΢̾һò˵Щʵʲô
ƺҪˣһʿۼֿ
ͳƾᣬſڵ΢΢Ϣſ̻˳
ӰʱһĨΧ漴ʧ
ŴһŤſ˵ϴڴŴǰԵҪǱˣûһ˸СΪͬʱҲǰҪǿˣ
缱æǰַĽöҩУŽϻɾλЦĵȴŲйĽ
۽̸һð̣ڶ೬ڳûһ֨ģֻܷ߷߲ƽĵɾˡ
ָһЩ־̧ͷ˿ܣȷԼѾ˴֮УҡͷЦϧûмʮʱҶƵĻʮʱûκ⣡
ѾУǲе˵ͷɾʤɹõ˻óڿʸ񣡡
ŸȻ˭ɣϾɾȷȷʵʵӮԼ
ѩޱһЦ磬Ȼôʱ䣡
ĵ˵ͷҩƺˣڻЩġ
ϲӻõһʮһʱ룬µʷСŮСʿˣӵ츳Ժܹ֮ҺϻƬ̣ܵд˵ڻŮ빫һ
һò绨Ůϸ֮˽飬޲һѽ֮кúôһʹ죬һĿԣ˸žâʮĻ
ɺ˵ĲԺҺϻͣҺϻҲһ㵱дϻȹЦ
ɺǺϻȵĴʦ㣬һΪ죬Ѿͨ˽׵ľˣڵĽӰˡ
⡭̫˰ɣ츳ʵѹͬƾţŮԵõۺ죡ɺϻ˲ŰԼзһʿĿѷ߷߲ƽ
ǰ˵ʲôϻŮޣ۵ޣϻ˭ޣԵİʾǻңѾĶˡһʿҲĽӵ
Զ͵ش˸ڣЦЦ
Ҳǰ̾һҶӲs磬ɻСͨͷЦɦͷˮС磬ȹϲ㱧˹ˡ
ɺĹɣʿĿ˽֪һǶ̵ĶֻԶ۲档ںϻȴһֱûѰ˫ޣ˭֪ȴ¶øС
ĺ٩ɺûȻĿת޲Ƶţ˫ҪγˮĻһ˿˼


182 ҶƵ
ɫΣԭںϻȵìʹܽһκ⣬Խĵɺֲľܾͻ˼ˣһʱ䣬ҲǣҲǡ
ϻȹľ̬Цѣ˻ֶɺɺŹŵãշ˲ɣ
ɺŻźϻȹʩһˮ޹ǣڶʿ̰ѵƤ»ص˺ϻȵλϣʱͷգգ۾һĨɬ֮ԡ
һĻ˶۾⻹ǺϻǸųƴ̵õɺôʲôʱתˣ
ѩޱŤͷߵǺ꾫
ҲЩЦ⣬ϻȹ֮˸Ĺʡ
Ȼ˴ɾսʤеһţôҲȷӦûһڸĿ飬鲢ǽһ˵ģǶĵӣϾľѳ֣ϻȹǷ̬
׵ͷʾܺϻȹ˵Ļ
ϻȹɾõóֵĵж٣
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ԣȫûЦеĶźϻȹ
λҲûʲôɣϻȹһۣ漴µĶЩ
ÿҡҡͷʾԼûϾǻԸ⿴һġ
ҪƶĿ飬ǱҪʵйƽԭ򣬾ԲΪǣĿ飬Ҫҵȹͬ飬ȥ䳡ϼϰɣ
ںϻȹĻûʲô飬һҲɢȥ
̸ŵŭĵԼĵһۣȥ
ߣüԳɶɶʵҲѾͨ˽ףʵԸ
ɶд󣬼æӦʤֻ忪ѣ
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ͷȫɺС˳ˣ
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ʦһŭ𣬰Уű̧ͷǰĺӣֻȻŷ糾͵ϢȴûڸסԭǼӣЩżӡ
ĵǲֻϧһƤңʦߵ
޵ҲѰҵ˫޴󷨵һƿĶɣ׼ΪҲһǧʦ֮дһ˿ݾܾζ˸߸ϵĸо
Ҷüͷһ壬ѵϻȾ˲ɣ
ʦɺͬһǼȻ޵ŮгȺÿ˫޴󷨣ɺȻ֮˫޴󷨸ʦȻⱾͬԴǴӸԴһ֡
ѿϴˣ˵ģҶȻЩãԾѹƢ
ʦƢ˲ӿ֮ǰɺͷѾǲˬȻһиҷԼĻ
˵ʵʦòʮȻȻɺһأȻھˣֻո˺ϻĹϵ˫ļΪ棬Ҳ͸һҵϢ
ɺȻȴʧ崿ʦĻԶ
СӺòʶôʦҿģҪ㣬û뵽ȻҾܾǷҪһЩɫˣʦǻŭƺҪҶϷйҲһ˿ܻ
˵ţʦ͵һ֣һȻѪɫлҶƵ壬ʦЦҵȶһʱҪˣҵ޳òɫˣһúóһģ
ҲֻοҶ˵ˣ
ΧȻŷһɲöĿĽ⣬ǹɺɫɢҶɫһסʦ㾱һһٵ㡭
ʦ𾪲ѣеٶȾȻô죬ǿ嶯Ƶʵ־ѾԼϡ
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183 ʵ
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ڶ೬ڵ׼߳ʱͻȻűһɾײһӰˤ˽ڵϹ˼һѪѪߡ
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ϻȹɫĶˣΪʬȻ
ȻںϻɱϻȵˣһǶʦ㣡˭ô󵨣
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漴һӰӳĴſڻ˽ϴŻ֮ȥɷ˸Žɫâս
ʦ֣ѩޱۼ⣬Ľ˳
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ܣôĴף
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֪λʼûУҶƹЦԴɻĴɨ䣬ȴϿһ˿Ц⡣
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ԭһֱڡʵҧгݵ
޹ľ˫֣Ҵûʵ
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˭ҡҡͷɾ磡
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ʵ̫ˣѩޱ𾪲ѵģҶҲܲ³˾ţʵԼֶŮѩޱţĴʦҲţ
ĸоҶһ˺һԹⰵӿĳ档ǽţ
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184 ͬ
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ҪܾȺҲģҲҶֶϻⲻˣȻҲóһӦĲ֮һ÷ģ
ʮҲͷҶҲֶӱԼӸҶֵܣ׵ȻҲҪΪ顣
İҿ¾˰ɣƷԼĶ࣬ҲŻ˰ɣ
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Ҷһ̧ͷɮЩеĿ⣬Ҳǵ˵ͷ
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İɣλ֮һʦǰȥţҶƵӦ
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ҶҪѰǸ˼ĺӰȴֻȺ֮п˾һֵٻӰɵĵ׶һį֮С
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ʼ磬ӺǷʲôʱ˵ҵʵܲˣֻǴûʹҵʵʵѣʲôֵģ
ѩޱ϶Щ߷߲ƽҶŭȻʵһµӦúףָյҫҲѣΪʲôһֱʵأ˭
̾һһܻش㣬ΣͷҸͲᱩ¶ԼԼʵ֪Ҫá
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ȱ˵ЩȰյĳڵĿӦȥɣҿɲڹϹһǻصסȥ飡


185 ñط
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˵ţҶƸæ߳ȴֻ̫ݵĽһͨ׵ŮʿƵǽǣһӣʱҡҡβ͡
ޣŮ޴˳һЩ˿ŮѣһΪŮĴСеĽ̫Χš
̫ˣӲһеȻôȻҷˣβҪӴܡ
ץס޼ңһʿ
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ҶЦţ˳ȥ̫Ƿ·ǿ˾һ㼱æܵҶصĽţ·˶ί
ЩʿʶҶƵǿһֲǰ
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Ҷƺݺݵĵһۻ̫ǣŵһ£βԴҳˡ
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ѩޱȻ̫ҶСǧ罨ԼͷǣҲϲǰĦŻ̫˳Ƥë
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ĺˣЩһǵʵܳٵģֻҪ׼ͺãչ˽һٿ飬һҪóֵ׼ͻȻɨҶϣЩζⷨ۲
Ҷ붼ûľͻشȻˣǴϵ𻯾ȵȣ˵ʲô
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̫ȻﲻԸһ߳ʮԶһ¹š
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Ƭ̣ҶƲųޱ
ѩޱãȻ̧ͷҪӦͻȻҶƵԼǰԽԽԽԽۣҪ˵ЩʲôԼͱ㱻Ҷƶסˡ
ѩޱҲ鲻ԽĳУʮ˼һ̻ΪϺˮ˲˵̰˵弱£Ҫ˵ĻԶһ档
ᣬа㯣мį
ڴ˿̣˵ĳ


186 ѧ
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ѩޱһƺߣ˳̱ҶƵĻУᴷҶƵؿڣɫȻͨ죬û˼֮⡣
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ѩޱ۾ëȴĲţȻЩԸɨҶƵˡֻװһӭϵӡ
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ʲôҶƸղŴڴ͵״̬ûѩޱĻ
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ҶƵ˵ͷΪڹԼЩСж仰ԽôԽǲζأ
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Ҷͷߣȴ˵ʲôˣԱߣʲôԽԽڡ
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Ҷӱͨ죬Ϊ֤Լףĳŷȥһһߵȥѣ
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187 
䳡ڣڵѾȺڸ̨棬ɫΪ࣬˸ŵˣƺ֤ɾܷͨ顣
ҶƸѩޱֽ䳡ڣʱĿ⣬Ľмʣ𾪡
еĿ㣬ŮĿۼһֱһԵһ˫ʮְ䣡
Ⱥ֮еĳɶ˳ĪһģæֹͷʹԼȥˡ
ȥʲôϵɶĬ仰
쳽͵̧ͷ˫ŭҧгݵıĳ֣Ҷƣɷԭ˧Ҳһ
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ˣͺúһӦڵĿɣ
ˣһվ͵ػӳϣԭҵ䳡ʱüžǱɨ˽Զĵͷ
ĵ˵ͷȻЩʿķӳ⣬ŴȻԸȥԭһ֤ͬɾɣܷΪһĳڰɣ
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ܺãҲڴһʱ̣ܹһʽұ˵Ҳһңĵ˵ͷ
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ҶֱӣŭɲԳܵġ
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⻰ʿһѪ⻹ѣɵѹҲ߽ͨΪҶƿԳܵסģ
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188 ӴϢ
ҶƵ񾭱ýģȻڳž޴ʹ࣬Ҳ΢΢
ȻտʼҶƵ־ȻǲûаҶƷϵģҶֹܷԼѹɻ
СӣпܾͼֹȥˣȻҶѵɾĴʦô
뵽ĵѹҲһЩң
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ѩޱǵ壬ʦ᲻ʲô鰡
ҡҡͷνʲô飿ҿţʹʮɵѹһʱ䣬ҶҲֹܹģ
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ʱһһĹȥҶƶǹȻҲһЩҪ̫ȥֵˣҲ
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أ
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ҲҪˣǷȻûаҪֵͣӣɼӴ
Ҷƽ˫ۣԺһʵŭ˲ֱǹӴɽ֮һӱҶƷ˺Զ
ܣ
һӵɴ˫ۣԼ߳ɵѹȻзҶƵ嵽ǿεĵز
һҪԳĵߣ޾ķŭ֮Уѹʮɣ
ڼĸֵȫѹͷţΪ𻯾Ҳѹ֮±Ϊ⣬ҶƲͬ
ǿһ𻯾Ҳȵϣ
ء
ҶƼһ˲ѣɫѪԵʮֹ졣
أ
һҶһϵƤҲѿĽɫѪ
Ҷ˫֮˸ŲõĽɫŭ𣬺֮ѹһӴĳ
𣡡
һɽѣƱɫХֱ
һ˫ڱϢӴѹ˫ֱ˻ҵ֮аֻ࣬´ڵ֮ϣҶƵ巢öĿĽɫԣ˾ɽ·ս
˲˶ݵʧϣߵķǿҲ⣡
ʣƬҫɫ
̨Ϊһʿֱӻ˹ȥһЩΪǿʿҲƲסһѪ¶ɭȻĿֲ֮ɫ
ЩڵһҲ𾪵վ˫֮оǲţ


189 
ݵվȻͷųȫѹȻĲԣҶƵķӳδЩ̫ڼˡ
䳡϶ɢŲϵÿ˶߶·ʧһ㣬һݵĹ״̬һֱȥ˰ΣĲŴ֮зӦ
ͣȴʲô˵ڣɬζĵӿ֣˷·ʧȥȫһ㣬ʧǵĻصԼλϡ
ȻһͨСɲǼʧ
гڵҲӳ˹ⳡ飬ҶʤˣʤĺƯ
޺𣬸ԭƲҶƵ˲Ŀ࿴ӵĿ̨Ҷƣβ̾һ
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ѩޱ˫֮дŵڴܿԼ˴չ۷磬˵ҲһҸ
Ƹ˽Զû̫ľȣҶͨҲѾţҶдʱ򻹲ҪƴͨȻˣϢöûлظνǳԾ˿ͷ
ǿһڵҲⲻıҶһ¸סˣȻҲЩֻζ
˰ΣֱԱߵɮһ䣬ŷӦɬⳡ飬ɾʤ
ҶƶʱоѹˣһѹͷһʯȥˣȫļѾˮʪ𻯾ĵۣҪ࣡
ڡӮˣҶ͵һҡΣˤڵأ̵̨صԼλϡ
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˲ԭأȻӵûиһ˿˿ĲɻȴǴҪʲôұͲǶĶְ
Ϊ˲̵ˣʮִȵվ̨ϵһȭͬʱգգ۾ȴûп
Ҳ̨ѾֶĿڿӣһĻ𻨡
磬ʮδҲûн֣û뵽λ֮ϾȻܹҽ֣ɫʮ
Ҳǵ˵ͷĵܣҪˮɣóǿʵңҲȫԸģ
п಻ԣæ磬Ǹʲô˵Щֻǹǳ滰ѣұͲĶְ
ҲɫĻڿأѵ̶ôӻ㣡սʱ򣬼סһҪóȫͷųǿͨͿˣ
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ڳλʵȺ˵Ļôֻܿ˵Щʲôˡ
ʮ۾еСҪǸҸҶˣͷҷǻ㲻ɣ
Ȼ룬Ժ֮Ѹת˼ӦôһʤһԼĲ̫ѿȥȻǶĻã
˸Ժһ˫֮нԶս⣬ֻ˲䣬̨ϷɽѵѾͷųԼѹһǽɫһɫϢϵ֮ײһӵ
ž
ϣ
ɲҴ⣬˲ڽն񽣳ʣЯһƥƳȥ֮ת˲ɫӰʵʵԷ
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䣡
ЩɫԶɫĹĻסײЩɫʱڿ֮С


190 ˮ
һйڵ򣬻ֺƣѵһһЩΪʿĿɿڴ
ʮȻҲǷǳԼӵӦ䣬Цŵ˵ͷԭЩϴʱ˿̻˲١
תΪ·ɣӴΡĴϱŷɫĹâ˲ռ̨ϣɫĲù˲䱻ѹƵһ档
ɫ䣬ɫеڽն棬ϵͻ̣һӰۻˡ
ӴϢƺ˿ҪǮһĵͷţƿҪͨʮˣ
ǵصɫâţÿ̤һͻѴ飬Ļ磬һӿɫĻΧ֮ƣĽɫѹƵһСķΧ
Щʿһɴ˫ۣס̵̾ʵôԶԶԽǣƣͲǿԱȼİ
ͨ˽ףͷųƾȻ൱ͨʮףƱҪʤˣ
ֻϧɾܽΪˣߵһҲǳˡ
Ȼͨʿռ˾Եƣȴ᧿ΣЩж׵ĿȻƸ죬ÿһӴƣЩҪĶȴΪ˿׷쾡£˱
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ʵԲգżӦѾȫʩչˣ
漴Ʈϣֿ֮ڿѸٵĸײ˼ǣһҫ۵Ļ

ײ֮˶ԵЩ΢΢ϢȻǸӷһЩ
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ɶüͷȴתͷȻ˱ֵĲ֮䣬Ҵ򶷼ΪʣѾ뵽Ľˣ޷ǾˮʤѡֻˮŵĲ̫԰ˡ
̨µڶʿȻûпһţΪ˼ͺȲʡ
ɺϾʹûƿ˫֮ڵӰ˸ú֮ԭһЩŵ飬ȴǺ޵ˡ
͵һն̨ʱӴƸѳ룬һľ޽ͷնȥ
ɺü͵һɲǼ¶̬Ƿ֣Χʿһʿˮ
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ž޽ȥס˾޽˫ȴ͵˵֮УܳܵľϵĴ£ܲ״ȥ
꣡
˷Ļҵ֮Уһҳ˽ԶǺûͷġ
ˣĴӴϴһǡôĵʧУϵĳԴһ˿ǿҳϣ
Ҳһʮֲ׵ӣ̾һҶѣ
˱ݵʮ־ҵⲻ֪ʮðɫҪԼһٽѵ
̨ʿһŴͣǶԭռ˾ƵȻܸʵͰɲǲšУӢµ̬Ǻ̵ļġ
ЩԹ˵٣
ɺתһ˿Ц⣬ƺΪĻʤеϲ
Ҳ̨صԼλϡ
Ҷƴ˿ҲѾָĲˣٺٹЦſ֮еϷʸǲضԡ
ǶҶ̬ԼЦλϡ
ݵ治Ҷ͵͵ĸ
һۣߵĵ˵ſֽһսܹʤüҲˣ֮ĿǳⶼΪ˴룬֣ô
ҶƷЦһε


191 
ʮݺݵĵһڴ˲÷ֻ£ͬʱòɾɹͨڶ飡
ҶƸѩޱһЦԶӶԷпһ˿ϣ
Ѿ֮ͨһٴνһ
Ⱥ⣬ֻɫվȺɣǿǵ֮ǰҶֶֶѾԶһΣʣμһεĿ飬֪ǾΣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ȻΪԼѩޱӦȻЩϡ
˭֪ѩޱȴ˷ܵվĶһֱǳң
˵꣬Ѿ̨Ʈݵڶ޶ɴ۾һˮ
ҶЩţȻѩޱȽһŵĵӣҪǿ٣Ŀ飬ʵڶûжġ
ȴҶƵļЦޱʵɲǴǰˣһ˴һģ
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˭뵽ȻһֻԶޣХǣ
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ԱߵһʿѾɴ۾֧֧⡭Ȼһֻ޳裡㡭ȻԴһ޳衭ʵڡ
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ҶǸеʮֺЦڻ̫ͷһһ죬̫ηηĵͷ˿а˿ζ
޳谡һ첻򶼲УҪöѵһ˵Ҷһȥ̫֮ѪˡļѲͬգҶƿݣǶڻ̫˵һ㡣
ʿ͵˼ĭСҶҶѣ㡭⡭޳ǡںδã
Ҷεʼ磬ġ
ҶƵĻʿһѪģ޳谡ô˵ͼ
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⻰Ȼƽȴʿз˲κˡ
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ȻҶƵ˵ͷ
ʿæӿռָͳһЩúӰװõĵҩСõ˻̫ǰֺõζ߰ɣһģ
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ʿ̾һЩҩЦҶѣһûô°ʲôʱҶѵһʵ㹻ˣǿǳѹ˵ţʿƺ˸СǣųݵĹʡ
ҶƿĿʿĵҩҲƷҩѣȻţֲû̫ǿۡԼǲӦ˵أ
뵽ҶµĴʿۣʿΪᣬԼҪٲ٣òΪ㣬Ҳʮӣȴͨһ׵ʵǺܲ츳ˡ
Ϊʲôôõһ޳أҶƸȤʵ
ΪΪʿЩΨΨŵŵҡҲܵ۸ˡ
ףܵ۸Ҷһ㶣漴ʵѾͨΪˣô˵۸˭ô󵨣
ʿСĿ˿ܣŵҶ˵ǽ̵ĵӣȻͨΪΪֵһᡣǵĴʦֽǸŵһμձǸˣӶЩʦǵķԭҴﵽ֮ͨһķȴǿˡ
ʿ֮г˿ɬƺҶƵһߵĶ
ҶɻѵʵǽҲһһţѵûȥܣ
ܣʿЦѣôܣʦͨ죬ʦǵĸǽ̵ĳϣЩһ㱳ûе˿ԵģǰѵˣҿɾͲˣҾֱ֪ıʦָˣ
ôôҶ΢Щŭû뵽ڼ֮Ҳְ࣬ɵ뵽ΪСؤԼ


192 
ʿЩʧȻˣʮǿͨ׵ʵһӲ֪ôŵǵҲͨ׵ʵȻӴԺҲûмǸӵĳֲ̫֡ˡֻҪ˶ӦǸӱɱˣ
Ҷӿһŭ𣬵ûκηԦ
ʿЦѣʲôԦǷûüͱˣʦҷҲҵʵ飬ֻ˵ǲСĶʧˡʦݺݽѵһͨ
ҶƳŸղʿȥĿ⴦ȥһ꣬´ŻޱȵĽɫۣóӦһͨķȻò信㣬ȴ͸һɲɷ
ҶûиϿʼĺϷȻΪʲô˷ŭһӴɷɲ
ôɷ˱ҲʲôöҶü۵
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ҶĽұ۰ǰؿڣ˫ȳʹֻ֣֮µʯ˲䱻ѹΪ촷ۣһǿڲϵţεɱԭұɢĺɫ⻪Ҳڴ꾫Ӱ±˹âɵĽɫԡ
ײҪˣĿԴɣʮɵ˵·ֻڿһ޹ؽҪϷѡ
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ҶƱˣ𣬿͵һڽɫѪĵڵϡ
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סˣû˵ó֣ǹɽԾͱҶ˦ȥ㶵̤ڿв֪βźá
ɶԭأһֱ˰βŻָҶǿнǹջȥʱҲƽյ֣ıܹȥҶƵͷϾǽ֮ɫ
ҲãҲáɶۿ֮УӿˮӨ͸·һƣյҶϡ
̫ԣøƴ̫ӣҡҲ֪ôźãڸղţҶôһ֮ɶЩ״ε
ѩޱҲǽѣҪ̨ȴһסҡҡͷ
Сӡߣϴһ˿ĪЦ⡣


198 ħʹ
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ѩޱнѣҪѰԼϵ֣ûֻתͷŭĿ壬֣
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ѩޱ޷޵Ŀ̨ϳɶһۣȥв߶ţҶƣȻɶ꾫üȥġ
ڨڨĻصԼλϣⳡ飬ҶȻ赹ģķֻ赹ļ󣬾˵ķˡ
üͷ϶⻰ɾͲˣҶǿջǹƣվ̨ϵģ˵˭أ
ʮҲͷĻ
һҶеķģҲ̲סոյײȴҶܿóҶСռ˾Եơ
̲סǾƽֺˣȻվڳϵɶ
޳ܣһ˳۵ɽ̲סˣ䳰ȷȻҲֻһ󱲣
㣡ŭһȼ˫Ŀɵͭһ㣬ƺһԲϾҪ֡
ջǷɮվ԰ⳡȷҶСʤɣҸղŶѾˡ˵ɮָָͷղűɫһƬռһ𻯾ǿҲһܳܵסɣ
˵ƿԣȷϣּĹ𻯾ǿҲҪѺôһۣ
һѹȥ֮еķŭɾͨ˵ĸ飡
̨ʿٴ۷׷ס
ɾѾͨĸ飬ҿһγΪһǶôѵ飡
ûղҶǽɫԣҸղֱӻ˹ȥֲ̫ˣһʿЩµ
ռ䶼ֱӷˣȹôֻһ߽ͨ׿ģ
ҿҶⲻǹ˿飬˹ϣһʿݵ̨ϣҶڳɶС
Ůɶһƴ½ĴŮ֮һһʿҡͷԵ
ĻʱӮ˱˵ĹעʱΧһȦ
ƴ½ĴŮ˭һʿ
٩٩̸һŮɶһǺϻȴõɺһҲģʲôĽܷܷģûм
һأ
һǰѩޱˣʿһĪЦݡ
ձİɣΧʿŭ
ʿæסԴȷǸձģǾԾ׼Χʿһ

Ҷ۾Լһûʵķڣ˴һ壬ָֻĲ
ȻΪǿתаħһܵشĻָȻǾ˵ġ
߳䣬磬ݵ߹ҶƵѹˣã飡
ҶƼæӭ˽ţһǳɫҶƻΪûͨ
ô£ѵûͨҶüʵ
ǣ෴ǳɹͨˣղǽ⣬Ҳɹͨ飬ʣŵһˡȻô˵ûɵɫ
Ϊʲô
㻹ɣҾʱˡǵüʮǰǳ춯صײôʮĿҶƵ
ҶԺ֮һհףô֪ܲأǲħսĿռô
ûʱԶΧۡħһۣɢƴ½ϣ㣬ͬ˫۽Ҷƣһһٵû´Ǵ˵֮еͬʣ
¡
ͬһ£ҶЩɵŤͷϸĶ磬пһߣǺܿϧƽ羲ˮ
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˲̸֪۵ʲôߣҿޱȣЦǶͬʣͬħֱۣŻ̶ֳȵɱ֮ǺܲңǰЩʱգħɳһЩ𻯾ʹ߽ƴ½ǵʹҵħĲ֫
Ҷ̲סֻ𻯾ôΪʲôֱɳǿǰλǨƲǶôѰɣڳ˵
Ȼħƴ½˷֮ɽͼӹ絽ƴ½λ򣬾ħҲֻܷѾĴ͹һЩ޵𻯾˫͵˸һ£


199 Ʒҩ
Ǹħʹ߽ӴôҶһæʵ
Ӵˣħʹ߼̰ɫʮײСƴ½ЩڣԼͨΪѾ˺üˣ֮͸һǡ
ţΪʲôҶЩߵʵ
̾һԭһλħʹ߿ǸɵһŮޣҪ£ŮȻûͬ⣬һŭֱ֮ǸţȻϢıסˣֻþͻᴫƴ½
ôԵҶƷŭĻ˲ĵɫ
һҶƵҴһЩżģϹʱҲֹƵ·һЩǿߣҲгΪҪƴ½ŶӦó֮Ϊ硣
ȻأҶƺٵ
Ȼ˷˵սҲһͬʣǿû䣡ƾųʵһ֮ɨеĳǳս£һ֮ûһ˿â
Ȼͬսʤеĵˣ֮Ŀռλӹ˲٣ʹþǼǿĳҪԽλҲһ׵顣٩٩̸
ͬʾ˵ɽλ˴Э飬˵ʱط磬гϵǿ߽ٷ磬Ļͺʹ׽ҵ˳Ϊɻҡ
⡭ҶһʱЩһƾ賤ʵȻܸɽλ˹ͨʵ̫˼ˣ
˵ûҲΪʲôͬôȵԭħΪ׽ӲȥһۣħǿߣһҲǱˡ
أҶ֪ԲΪ˸Լһ£Խ׷ʵ
ǾĿ飬ͨ飬һε緲ս쵼ߣһһٵ˫ʼղҶƵ˫ۡ
Ҷ˲ʧ񡭡
ʵ̫˷벻˼ˣλڵôǿʵȻҪԼΪ쵼ߣ
Ūʲôˣҿɲôɲ밴ǵİȥԼ·Ҷƽı
ûõģЩ·ħŵʹжôбѾŻˣҲħĲ֫ƴ½һᣡʼ
ЩڵǵĶ֣ҶֻоϢܺЦ
һʮһˣÿһ𻯾ʮ׵Ϊһ𻯾̴ӣʵƽ½絭
⻰ͬһļ˲ᴩҶƵؿڣֻоԼݳޡ
𻯾ʮף޽ӽĴڣһ¾ʮһ֮࣡𻯾̴Ҳʮ
ģҶ̲ס˴ֿڣͬûҲ˵ҾһҪȥеΣЩڵһͨСӵָֻţߣЦЦ϶Ҷġ
翴ҶƵ۾֮ЩǸ⣬ΣȥŵĿ飬ͨ˷ſ飬㲻ᱻΪ䣬ҽõһöƷĵҩ
ߡƷҶ͵һĭʲôҩ
˵仰ʱ΢ЩµܹⵤҲֻƷҩ컯ǼƷҩҲֻƷѣƷҩ
ŵ絭
֮󣬿̿𻯾ƺ޵ջ
Ҷ˲оһըװը죬ڸ
̡𡭡𻯾㡭ûпЦҶƼѵһĭ
ûУöҩֻ޼ö½Ҳֻöܵõеһöʮࡣ
ɲöͨĵҩǴ߸𻯾ǿ߰
𻯾ǿ߶ô󣿶ܹһллˣһŵ𻯾ǿ߿ҪһЩԲ
ڳڣҲֻвʮ𻯾ѣ
һӶ߸𻯾һö鵤һ¾ܹͬʵţ
뵽Ҳʼˣ
Ʒҩƴ½ʦ۷壡½Ҳöѣö
⻹ϹʱڵʦģʦҲܹƷĵҩѣƷϵĵҩڵʦܹƵģ
ûӦƲϣûƵҩַƴ½ʦļһֱƷҩͣͲǰ
ŵҪ֪֮
Ϊ˶Կħʹߣ̾ȻôĽȫһĳܱȵİ
Σ㲻ǵҲգŵǱҪõģֱҶƵ˫һһٵ


200 ſ
Ҷһǿҵ֮ϹŹЦݣٺٵ˵Ҳһõŵģⵤҩʵش󣡡ҶƵɫȥ΢΢ЩΪʲôһͬʲſǵأ
ЦѣǷɮģ˵Ҳ˵
Ҷʼ磬߰ɣ
ã²˳٣ҿȥ䳡ŵĿɣסſƶˣһҪԪһסһƬ̨ǧҪԻ󣡡ҴҵĽҶƼ䣬ٵĴ߳ķ䡣
䳡ϣɲˣڶʿҶƵĵһԶ¶ɫһЩ¶Ľ顣
Ⱥ֮УҶƣаţҶǿ˫ҪҶһʵҲͲηʦֵˣ
Ҷ̨ǰڵаԼЩԹֵĲԣĸɫʮָӣЩ岻ӡЦݣƺһжУʮɫϡƽƺʲô鶼ûɮ˫֮ų޾Ĺ⻪
Ҷ뵽ǵȷѾ۹ǷܹΪǵˡ
óȫ޳ɵģĸԵЩ岻Լʮûȷ
ȹȥ⿼˵ɣŵһҪõ
ҶаԸԼ͹ľ
СѣӷһǷţ˳ͨȻҲʮַı꣡ϣܹȫԸɮЦе˫ֺʮ
ҶƼæҲһ񣬵ˣ
Ƿɮ߳λߵҶߣЦеʵС׼ĿɾҪʼˣ
Ҷһ˵ͷʵߣʲôĿأ
ɮ΢΢һЦϾ֪ˡ˵ţ˫͵ҶǰһڣӴֱӳҶǰһڣֱ˹ȥ
ҶŷԼһƬޱ޼ʵѪ棬ܶʬ壬ѪɢŨŨĶ֮з·ԼԼһɻⲻĶĳ֮ҶǸоЩʡ
ѾںϻôҶƾͬʱһ͵һƬѪ֮УѪѪɫҺʮŨɢ²ϵĳݡ
Ҷƴʧɫ͵һĵ棬һڵһ͵ص𣬴ѪҺ壬ڳܡ
ꡭ
Ҷƴڴܣĵײ֪Ϊһɹɵĸо

һҵĽҶƵע漴ŤͷȴһĻ
ҶƵƺ͵شǻ֮еӱͨ죬һСһӶͷš
һڿеѪ׷һӰǸӰײײܹ֮оǾʧɫ·ҲѪ
ޱҶƷŭĺһ͵ʶľҪǸӰȥȴ֪ΪʲôһӴĲ֪Ϣס˶á
ô£ҶƷŭ岻ϵѲε

ҶۿѩޱǰѪı͵ش͸ǰѪĽ͵¶һأҶ覴ѣ͵һڽɫѪ
ŭ˺ԼͷǱεסˣܳǰһĿѩޱѪ֮У׵ļϵıɺѪû
𣡡
һľ޺Ҷƿռ䲻ϻζ
ͻȻŭҶɫ侲ķֱڵϣ˼·
סһƬ̨ǧҪԻ󡭡ҶƵ૵֮ǰĻʱĸͷ
סԴ˼ţϰԵͨʶ顣
֪ΪΣƽһӦҶôлûӦ
Ҷƺվ͵ر۾ǰʬɽѪ˻ⶼǻþþ
ļãǰ˲һƬ谵Ҷٴ۾Ѿ˳
Ҷơ
һתĽ䴫ҶǰͻȻһӰ˿Ŀһξߢӡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҲˣ
Ҷ˿ŭͷŴۿǰļˣ۵߰ݣǳɶ˭أ
⻹ǻþɣҶЦ˵ţԼֱۣۣۡΣʵô
ⲻʵǻþǣþ֮ΪʲôʹУ
Ƿŵ˶ԼĿ飬ǧҪֱģסһ̨һнΪãҪЩþԻ


201 ͨ
ɶչüһЦɲǼ⻪ŶһһĳҶÿһôӯš߽Ҷֱֱ֮ĳ֮˹
ҶȫĽģ˫ĿתĶǰĳɶ¿һ˿ҶҲԥĳֽɱ
ǣɶûκ쳣ľٶֻҪҶƵĻ֮жѡ
Ҷ͵üͷһóɶ˸ա
ҶơôˣɶıЩ죬˿˿ɬһЩǡôıţҶƵ˫۵ΪʲôҪ㿪
Ҷ΢Щ͵ر۾ԶһЩ㲻ɶ㲻ҵŮ㣡
ɶһֻܾСèηηĳһ׵ȹ¶͹ͪ壬˰
Ҷ۾˳ɶ涵˫ʱһݺݵؾһ¡
Ϊʲô㲻˵ôʮ֮Ŵϣҵѽɶһε£ĳҶ߹
ҶӲţҶӳɶ˫ٴʹı۾
Ҷơ㡭ɶҵĽһ͵س˹ƽһûпƺãһˤڵϡߵһ䣬ҶŬı۲ȥЩʵĶڵѪˡ
ȥĿ飬ǹݹҶŭĿЦоӨỨ˸
ͻȻҶ͵ֹͣסЦ⣬ͷޱĿųɶ㲻ɶֻǻֻǻ󣡡
˵ţҶ͵һĳӴĽɫ˳ɶǵص˲佫ɶڸǣ
ɶһҽУһ±Ҷķ˳ȥӣС֮пȳѪȴһĿҶƣΪʲôҪ֣Ҷƣô
ҶƷһ˺ԼͷڸոĳȥƵʱĶƺѿĿ֮ҲǵỨ
ϵĳɶõĿʼȥϵתۼѾʣ£ҶƵֶ֮˼ȣȥǵѪҶƣúõİҰɣ
˳ҲܸۻΪˮ
ҶƷŭĿһ͵سųɶȥ͵һȭӳؽΪ֮ɫ䡣
㡭⡢áꡢ衢ҡġɡ㡢㣡ҶƺѾɥʧ־ȭͷɫĹâΧһ֮ϵĳɶ
˳ɶӣҶƱ۾Ļӳȭ
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ǳɶѾҶһȭͷҵĻҷ𣬶֮ŵǹ˸оҲɲǼʧ
˲ҶƱϷİ׹֣ԭŤ泩͵̧ͷЦ᱾ྵ̨һδǳռɫɫǿգɣҪҾ;ɣ
Ҷ˵⻰˲䣬ǰ˲ٴһڣΧٴת䡣
Ҷ΢΢һЦƺѾȫӸղŵķŭ֮ת˹˰š
ȵҶٴ۾ʱһסˡ
ɾɾ
Χƣɲҩأɢ޾ﻨ㣬һƬ˼ɾ
һɷĵ׵ӿֳбԶΪУԶ׵Ժ
ҶɻΣƺѰſݣ⴦طãҲȻûмһ˻
⿼ݵʲôҶɻ
ҶƼ겻طӣⲢĵطȦһʱȥˣʱȥˡ
ҶƵ㣬ѾˣȴûмνĿľݡһʢҲеһƣ͡
ڵϣҶƵʶһʮֿ磬ûзûɱ¾ֻͣƺһжôг
վǵţֲժ·ߵһҰڱǼ૵һһ磬һһ
գҶƺ˲ĳֽƣʶһƽĵط˫˲ԲǴһ˿Ц⡣
Ҷ͵ЦຣģͷǰسɷǷŵĿôϧϧʧˣ˭ҲҪƿҵ˼룡ʧˣ
ǷŵĿ飬ȤĺܰҶҡͷЦ漴Χٴһڡ

̨ϣ˶ŵĿ̨Ҷƣһȭͷ
ͨʿ˵ֻɾܷؼһ֣ǶЩڵ˵ȴһ˵ʱ̣
ħŵʹѾ˺ܾãʱǴˣսǽ
޴䳡žü
ǷŵĿ飬ȤĺܰһޱȵЦ˼žʱ˶̨뿴ȥΪԴ


202 Ϲ
ҶƲ֪ʲôʱѾ˹Ρվһòɣͬһĺֱıˣɢȵ
Ҷ˫֮еĹâɫһң͵ֹͷԿĶͷԾ
ʮģҲһŵӣȴʲô˵ʵ̫ˣ
ɮһϲӣǷɮֶЩȣæվָоԼЩ̫ˣæȥ
ʿҲһ𾪣Ƕһ漣ԼƤӵµˣһţȻֱԾڣǧҲûгֹһΣ
ʿվĺȲţȻŸڳ⣬Ǻ޻޲ء
飬ոôϵ㣿Ҷʶ鴫
ղһǿҵʶˣǺֶΣ޲ڵ
ɮɫޱȣվʾϲɾͨ飬ΪڣӴ˲ţߴţ¡¡쳹ʿĶ棬ɮӴΪһࡣ
ȻЦ⣬ȴǶôԣƺ滹̲űĶ
ѩޱǷĵ׵ĸˣôʧȥҫڽһʰˣָо޷õġ
ɶм˷ܣҲеĿɬ̨ϷʢҶƣôһ˿ζ
еĳڵվǿ˷ܵĹâʵĵ˼졣
ǫ֮̈ͦأƺʮţϴŵЦ⣬ζβסüһɱĵǡ

ûǽĿģɮɫ
Ҷƿĸλ͵ؿʼͣɶƴ½Ķǿ߰λλڵԼǰ
ʽѾˣҶ˽µıɮߣҶҲѾµ˾ʲô顣
ͬʲҲһʣҶƻƺԼĻߣΪʲôҪһͬǵ䣿ǸͬΪǸأ
ɮЦݵӷС㻹ûҵ˼֪ոͨĿʲôô
ʲôҶƷǳɻ󣬰˵ѶȵĿ֣ܳΨһĽ;ǷɮԼġ
ҷΪѵĶ飬̰աɮҡҡͷ漴ɲҪС飬ԹֻͨˣһǾдǻۡߣǰǸѾɷˣڶˣ
ǸǣҶƺѾ³һЩ
ûϹʱڵͬʣʱҲڷͨҷ̰յĿ飬ԱΪ䣬Ҳȴûʧ˴ܡƴ½ɮ˵ЩʱЩ廳
΢ЦĿǣ漴Ҷ΢΢ʹ˸ɫ
Ҷƻ⣬ڳλͬô᲻˲󣿡˵ţҶ΢΢ɨ
ģɮһڷ񶨣Щǹֹͬ̽ģԲеڶЩħŵʹҲ̫ƴ½һսս쵼ߣͱΪͬʵˡ
Ҷӣɮ̾˿ʵϹŵͬһԤԣԭģѽ½ٷ磬ʱиͬʵ쵼ǣսʤѰɣ
ǧټƵҪǵ䣿㻹ûʹҵҶȻ䣬ʹǰޱ𾴵ķߡ
ϹͬҲǵһ㣬һϹ˵Ǹ½ѵʱǸµľͬʵġɮͻȻޱȵϣ˫ֺʮһš
ϹҶ۾ͽȻҪ֪ϹŵͬʿǳĴڣĶһỵȥɣ
ɮɫӷСѣģ˲ڿǶܴߡҷ֮еأҪʱȥȡ
ҶƵ˵ͷȻߣԺȥȡҲһ
ǷԵЩ˷ܣӿռָ֮һСӣصСѣĻҪ͸һ񣬶ڿʮ;
ҶȻ֪ʲôڲֽӹӵһ˲䣬ҶƵĲأĲϢȥ
ŵ
ⶫһöҷԹصıΪӦȥһεķսϧóǱˣߴţÿſɵһöɮɫ


203 𻯾
Ҷһʱ˼ЩƮÿſԵõһöҲ˵ԼԼѩޱֻ֮һ˷ĵҩ
뵽ҶƲЩƽʱ϶ǺõĽⵤҩø֮һģͺñɵĽƷҩ컯øһĽܷܷһ
Ҷʵ̫עЩԼֵֿܸѡ֮¡
ҶƺӹöҩҲζԼӹ쵼ƴ½Կħŵʹһӿǳģ
ɮЩõĿ⣬ҶƾȻһ˿ԥеװŵĺƺҲ΢΢̡
翴ҶĵҶƵļûϵӦõġ
ҶƹĽǺװ˿ռָ֮УҶԼѾһʹ
ɮ¶Ц⣬ٴóͬװĺӣֱӸʣڵ΢Щӷ𡭡λȫŵһҪ֮ǱĵӷãΪǽԺһԿħŵļʵ
ȻĽǻ̲ס¶ϲɫϾƷҩƴ½ö
²˳٣Щã˳Ľ𻯾㻤ɮɫ˵Ц
ħЩʹֿʼԾˣʵǡ˲̣һЩǵűţò˶ǾͻĿսˣɮ˸ӴϵĽɫԣ˱ҫͬ콵ķһ㣬ޱϡ
ҶҲصĵ˵ͷЩħŵʹÿһܵеġΪС𻯾ڷȻܹаԵǲ˼飡
ӵ೬ԻҶνʮңٶҲһЩ
ӴҩЧҶƲϵգĽ˲תĸӴ˸֮ڽڡ
䣡
ҶƿƲϳŷǽڣڽӽǽڵʱԶһЩĪĹâɵˣһûз
ϻһƫڣҡͷЦһ򣬵ҿǼֿ̻һȽϼ򵥵ķƴ󣬲Ȼﻹȫ
ͨ˽סͨŽס
һɹӴ纣Хɽһ㲻ϵĴҶڱըҵĳǽڣҿЩƴ㹻ʵ
ͨʮף
䣡
Ҷȫ˹âɵĽ⣬˸Ŵ̵۾
һͷŵԶȻҶȫɽɵһͷõԶǹƣȴδȥ˿
𣡡
ɫԶ͵ΧزϵţȻ¡ȥһ㡣ǷΧзƣֱӾͻɻҳɣ
ǷΣǰЩʱճɶ̨ʩչľ˵ֻͨʮײʩչǿͨﵽͨʮײ򡣶ҶûΣȻһͷԶ
δţǰδǰ޹˺ߣ
ŽɫԶĲţҶΧĽҲȥջָԭĹʣ˿˿ΧӡĳӴΡɽһƣ
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Ҷ۾֮Դһ˿㯵Ŀ˫֣͵վһ̤֮С
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ڳɾ𻯾ʵҶжʱ˷֮ɫѸٵڲķ֮ȥԵü졣͸ƽһĸо
ǹĪĵ⣬ҶҲɵĹƨͨЩģģˣǾỹúԶء
ȥҶƱֹסˡ
Ȱѡĵڶ׻ԪϰɣѾ𻯾ˣ𻯾ǿ֮Ĵȫͨʿ֮ȵģðٶ֣ڣȥĴɣ


204 
Ҷ룬Ҳǣæٴλص˴ϣʼϸĵšԪ࡭
֮Գ֮Ϊ࣬ΪԶڵġΡƢΡҪһЩıΪЩϾԴȪΪ˷ֹ˴֣ⷽ¶븹еȣԶġרһġ
ԲͲηĹǷ綾һܺܺõĿơ
ЩĲõʳ¶㲻СĳȥʲôΣյĶҲǸķ
ȻǱȽѵģҶв߶ŷ䱾ǿǹϵЩ滨ѶһЩʹôﵽ͵ĳ̶ȡ
һǷǳʹģҶƻӲסˣڵӵʮǿʹˡ
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Ϣƴ½Զ𾪣ŵΣգƴ½ԭ಻ԸҲͬħʹߡ
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սν׳νң߸ڵԶˣһǲơһŵ߸˸ǲ
µҲأջǽʮħŵ˳


205 
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Ҷǿѹȥǹɲʼ࣬ǹոһ긴һĳҶƵҲԽԽļ͡

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Ҷ͵سգԭЩѷķƴҶһײֱ̤շգ˵ǳְĸо
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ϻѾҲԭݻʬĳζѾԶѪȾ죬ңϻ⣬ȻγһǵһĹΪ
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̫ǣҶЦŴԶɱǸ޴Ӱǻ̫ɡ
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һΣȥսɣҶ˫Ŀ֮˸Ÿɫ͵̧ͷ䱾ȴ͵ؿ˻̫ǵĺ󱳣˫һڿն𡭡
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206 
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ҶѭĻŻ￴ȥ棬ǻȻʮ׸ߣƺ֪ԼӦʲôеĻ޽֪Ӧ÷
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ţܣҴӦӦȻǸոʩչ˴ǳüȻм˫̽Ī˲佫ʯԭأ˿á

ʯĴţ˫Ŀ죬ĲȴüݺסˣȻֻжݵһϢһϢʱܹܶˣ
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ǻʧȥ˿ƣܣ漴͵ؽ޽ǰһƬ޴Ŀռѷֳ͵һҡ硣

һ紵ɽƮѪȵϢӿݣɢҵѪǣһ˱Ƕľ޴󽹺ζÿ˵϶Ǹոȥĺ
컳еĳüվЦʹ죬ʹ찡ûôˣüһ߿ЦţһߵͷѪֱɵִӱϽ«浹һöҩУֹͣ˿ԡ
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ħǱһɫΪѿʯӵ𻯾˽׵ʵֻʮһʹߣû뵽֮вԻȻƴԼԪʩչϵ
Ȼǲȱģϵɲһ˿Եֵģ
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ѩޱϾǿɼĵǣҶǼӰһ
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Ÿ˵˵ͷ˻ɤӵʹߴģսܣŸԲͷʹߴ˶֣˶ϣ˵ţŸһ̤˲ΧƬѣŸ͵һ˲˸߿֮УҶң
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Ҷ΢΢һЦƱҪΪԼʸ֪ۣ
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̫۾˲ɫѪ죬ëͷӡǸһЩëڲƬںڷһȻƴɢ߰ͷ­


211 ѪͬԴ
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Ҫ㻹ԶҶƵѸڿһĽɫӰȻҲ˸ա
ϸŵľ޴ɽХһѸٵĺҶӴĵһƵɽֱӻޣ
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212 Խ׽
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ҶҲ΢΢ЦſŹŸ֮еϷ֮ɫԿһ
ŸŭĵԴ˫ȭ߬ģҿ𻯾ףôһ𻯾Сӣ˲䣬֮ǰ˶Լ˵ĻɵҵĲ
УҲʧܣʧܣ
Ÿ˫֮еķŭ֮ɫңһҵĴ𣬿ռ˲飬ܳǵӴƣϵĳҶƵӿȥ
Ҷƴ󾪣弱æѸٵ˸ţ㿪һһĹǱеļöؿڣһǿҵϢдҶǼһѪ
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ҶƱ޿ɱܣ˫۽浲ǰҪסŸӴһȻͽ͵ģ˾ϵĲʵ̫޴󣡸ֲ˵ġ
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Ҷưһ۾һƳѾ̫ɹҪԼ
ң죡ڹҶѸٵͨѪ֮Լ̫Ǵŵ
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ѪĻ˲ɢ֮еѪϢٴŨ࣡
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꣡
ֱӱŸ˫ȳ˾޴Ĺѣѷӳ˺Զ
̫ڿ۸ӵŵϵĹŸƺΪԼȻûһɱźּԻıȴûб׽
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ȻһʤˣϴĪЦ⣬ʿߡ
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ħǱҲһõĻƺΪŸף
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213 ɱŸ
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ҶƵӰƯǱ߶ʱһϲĻÿϵĳüԶΪϲӣɮüͷҲܿչ
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ⲻܡⲻܡŸԼʧȥһֱ֮ѾɥʧսҶƵӷ·û̫ܵ˺ȥô˵Ŀ϶Լ
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ҶϢĳ˹Ÿȫ±ýģ͵طһɰĽɫâȲŷݺݵĳŹŸıȥ
Ÿ˫֮˸ľǲ˼飬ŭҪתҶƣķӳԴķӳԴոŤһʱҶƵĽžѾݺݴĺ󱳣
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ϢıҶƵĽƴ͸ǰشһذɫļ׵ǱҶһ߶ϣֱֱķǰ
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Ҷ΢Цţ·Լոһ΢С飬ǰԽԽЩڵǵд㵣оϲ
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Ÿһ¿һ𻯾׵ȫһҶˡʾڳˣҲ޷ȫܵסһ£ղˡ
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ҶƲסһѪɫò԰ףڴ
ոյӵȷӲװģΪľ
ȻѾʿ䣬ôһкܶвҶƸոװӾǸЩ˿ģܹȥܴһӲһ


214 
ҷѾʤ֣֪ҪҪȥˣɮõЦݹĶħǷ˸Ҿ˵Ļȴǲ㽫
ȣΪʲôȣ˱۾ĽŭѹƵУһƽɮֻǿʼϣ
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˲գ˫˸˲һõĻͱ˳˫ֵĿ֮£ϵĳȥ

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ҫ·𿴳ҶƵ˼΢΢ͣó˿˵ĻͻȻüͷףС͵̸ô
˵ţҫ赭дһ֣ʶ˲䱻קҶƵ壬һ±⣬ΪΣһµڵϡԭ߰Ѿȫʣֻ˫֮Ǿģ
㡭ǡǸ·ϳҫ˫Ŀ͵ָ˵
꣡ҫһЦŵʳָڴߴһЦСҲ̫ˣ
鼱æͷ΢Բ𡭡ʹˡ
ҫ͵һۣҵĲĽͷõ͵͵ģҫԼ
ˣҲ㣬ҲѾϸ̽Сӵˣ˵֮·ϻǳ˲ģЩҪ˵Щ㡭֪ôҫһ֣⣬æ˵ԶԶģ̸ݡ
ҶɻѵĿƽʱ߰ʱ˿ηӣ˵ͽԸ߽ʱӣ
˵ܲţҲգҸ㿴һҫѸٵĲ֪һֽţдźЩ塣
ҶƸҷģûѧ塣ǲ֪Ϊʲôĵ׵ǹϤоǲƭģ
ŶɣҫЦ
֪ΪΣҶӿһޱȵϤУʹһһֵĶ˲ʶԾգǧƬƬҲǿաΪ˲ʶľAVҲȻ
ôϤôҫ֮һ˿ɫЦ
Ϥĸо仰Ҵûм壬ҲûмΪʲôǺǰҺܳʱһ㣿ϤҶ𾪲ѣ˫ȭյĽأĲѡ
˰ɣͲˡһĵطк֣Ǹط֣ҫȥϵЦݣֽ̾һ汥ɣ
ǣԾա˭Һ˺ϤǣҵôҶƶҫĻѾ˰˳ɣҧҧǻ̲ס˳


221 
Ծա١ҫϸֳһ˿ŹֵЦ⣬漴ǹЦһĻ֮飬˫Ŀ֮г˲ɣ廳̧ͷעһƬڵգǲˡ
ΪʲôҵǱʶ֮иôϤҶȲʵ
ҫ̾һͷ񡭡
ʲô񣿵Ҳ񣿡Ҷ˫֮˸Ĺ
ûŮǧĽĶΰĴڡҲĴڣҫƺЩǣǧ˼
ҶҲĬͻȻܵЩµ֪ʶ˵ȷһ޴Ϣ
ôԵһżԽˣ˵ֻһͣҫЩ
ΪʲôЩأҶɻķʵ
Ϊҫվ壬ĵ̾һһ̫벻ʣΪҲһ
¡
ҶԺļķӡƺ˲ܵʲôʴšꡱһӡҶʶķ˲䱻һεƣΪǵʧеļ䣬һ̶糱ˮһӿ
֣ҲѧˣΪѧûһôҪһȥ򹤣ǮңһݵкһƺǱɣ˵
ž
һ˷˦кһ⡣
У˵оǲУ˭˵ûǮѧѣӾѪҲһṩѧǸ˷ŭĺͷϵһһģƺйķŭ
Ǹкű׵㶵İ˵
ڵҹһӰѸٵ·ϿţкдеҸûãΪʲô׬ǮңΪʲô
֨ѽ磡
һɲĴ̶һƵǸӰ߸ߵصĵڵϣǳƺ¶һͷ治Ķҿ˭Ұգ
Ȼһɢ
ƴ½ϣһСؤ͵ش˸飬ɻɨΧ
ưǴջ񰡣һؤһȻѾùͷЦǸСؤһ룬ǸСؤ¶һȻ֮ЦĿʼеǰѾùͷ

⡭⡭
ҶѾ⣬ŭĳԼͷʲôЩʲôѵұӡļôЩôô
ҫ֮дһ˿ûЩģˣ
Ҷƶȥ˫ֱԼԴ˫֮˸ʹỨ˻૵Ҹôҵĸô
Ժ֮˵òʮȴֺǴ֮Ʋʣһɢ
û㲢ǵˣҫİοҶƵ
Ҫô죿һܻȥôҶƽ
ҫ³һɣΪǸεʱ򣬾ӦÿԻȥˣ
ܻȥҶƶʱվ˫֮еıɢ࣬Ϊ˸õĿ⡣
ģҫصĵ˵ͷֵǺǣˣңһὫѧ㣬ֻϣڽصʱ˳ҵĹǻҴȥ
㡭㻹ǺúõôҶǿЦЦȴӿһ˿
úõģҫԼؿڣ硱죬ɬ㿴ҵȷǺúõģѾ˼ˡЩҵһ˿ʶѣ
ҶƳĬˡ
ҲͬʰɣǡֻͬʲſķкЩϵԹҫȴҶз첨
ҶĬ˫ϥأĶ⿴Լٵ˿һͷǰҵĺһģгһܻص磬ȻǰУ
ãҫ˵ͷ˫֮о廳֮ɫƴ½ƴһӣվʵ۷壬˵һûʲôԸˡΨһźǣҲܹص磬ҲӦҵĵطһİ磡
Ҷƺҫ֮еֿжˣսȭͷĿ֮еỨѲɣĵҫġ
ҫٴϣҶƷ֮ƺ͸ż˿֮⣬ʲôҪ֪ӵѪĴˣжϥлƽǧҪ¹ξˡԺ۶Է˭ˣ棬ҲӦҶ˵Ļ
˵ҫ֮࣬͸һӼ㣬ǻϥǣǡӲģ


222 ط
Ҷ׻еļ䳹׸ںϣ˫۶ʱһƬ״̬ãĻָ
ûǻϥǣӲģҶƴһ͵վϵỨѾɣ͸޵ĸ㡣
ҫοĿҶƣ˵ͷѾָˣɻʲôҪѯô
Ҷҧҧ̧ͷֻǲʲôˣӡҵļô꣬ΪʲôҪӡҵļ䣬ʲôô
ҫ˫֮¶һݸ֮飬ھ֪ͽհˣȵ㵽Ǹ磬һȻף
ҶƵ˵ͷսȭͷǰ뿪ʼɣ
ҫ񲻱䣬ָ̧֮͵һ㣬ֻһۿԿ˿Ѹӿڶ˿鲼ռ䣡
ǷϵΪǿķռ¡¡죬ɢǿƥķϢ
ҶһִҺϢԼģȻƾⷨһССϢܹԼֱӻΪҽʧ֮䣡
ռ䷨򲻶ϵĽ֯ţͬһһʤһҲܲסǿʱѹĳһѷ죬ڶĿ徵
һ޴ĳγӴӺڶĿռѷ֮еⳤǼݻ͸꺮ֵܹµʴԼԼɼһµƷ
꺮̻ڶ෱ӵƣʵֲ꺮صɲǣе˲ӴҶ͵һ
꣡
꺮ĸԶĴһɴɫı֮˲ǹϢҶƻµѪΪ硣
˻
Ҷƺһ͵˺ЩĿ⾪Ŀ꺮
֮ɢ˲һɲõԣֹŵĽɢɹâһѹǧŵɢµϢ
棡Ҷ̲ס̾
ҫ˵ͷһ֣𣡡˲ɳһöռָҫһ֣ǿռָԶҶС
ʮŰ𻯾Ĺ෨㿴ԣˡӦǲʹЩ˰ɣҲգЩŰɣ˵Ժ£ĿõģҫԳЦЦϣҶƵ㻹ͬʵɣɣ
֮Գ֮ΪͬʣΪܹͬͺͬħаħұۡҫЦ˫ƺһЩҶ¸ûа˽ԡ
ҿаħұۻɣʲôʱĲ֫ͬɹͬͬصڡͬ֡գͬǿнԷױΪԼģЩΪԼ񣬾ͬʵľڣ
ͬһֲͬͬͬĵطֱۡұۡȡȡͷǺɡطÿһط㶼ѡͬһұͬħаħұһ㣡ҫ˵
Ҷ˫֮˲¶Ĩ˵Ŀ⣬˼Ķҫƽ٣ʲô˵
ǲǸеܾȣûΪʲôͬʿЦͬһеԭаħұۣѾ˿Խɱ˵ʵ˰ɣҫͣҶұ۵ļ棬֮дż˿ζ
ûҶƵ˵ͷͨﾳƾаħһͽͨ쳽һˣǸʱаħұۻֻ֮һĲ֫ѣĴһаħұۣô
ȵȫͬһľ˫ˣ
Ҷʱҫٴһ֣꺮ɳƤžҫУֻɫϴϴиϴʹˣ
Ҷ𣬲ĽӹƤžһ˲䣬оԼƻһ㡣
ǷһѪϴȻôԼǰֿɵáһ»ţ
ɶȫϵЩӵеһȫʩչνñûҪͻԺա
ɤ˿̾ǧҲ˲仯һ̾ϢҶƶҫľһ֣صĽӹƤҲζţһ޴ļͷ
ǣڣΪΣҲǴӽԺԸ
úȵɾǸ磬һǵýҵĹǻҵļ硭ҫ˫֮ƺ˸ɫ͵۾Է䡣
ˣ˼ġ
ҡסˣ


223 
ҳƤžɶǼӴϢֻѪΪܹõ̺ŵϢ
ҶһϸãɷĿ̻ĸ֡и
Ҷƴָ״ƳһѪεƤž֮ϣ˲һɰѹѹҶƵϣʹһڵϣҪһ¶󲻵ã
ӴļƬϵӿҶƵԺ֮УƤž˲ƯһӵĹҶƵͷϵĽâҶƵԴ֮С
Ҷͣڽϵиļ䴫Сֻгӵ䣬пʩչ
ȻиϵȽϳ˵ˣǹźɢһΡϢҶڽܴеͬʱ΢΢۾ɿҫһ΢ЦĿԼ
ϵ͸ϣܹϸУ׽ڻͨﵽǸʱֻҪиģͿˣҫӵξȻʼɢԽԽˡƺʱпܳɢһ㡣
ǰǰ㡭ҶҪ˵Щʲôȴҫֹסˡ
ǧ˵ڴϵҪ׶Σз紵ݶͻṦһǧҪҪ;ϣҫ˵ЩʱѾüɳˣ·ʧȥȫ
ʶѵܼ㣬桭ҵˣϣһСҵĹǻҺУ档滹Ϊ׼һЩҩ鵤ϣԺΪܹ
ҫŬһЦ𽥵ͳȥʧ١ӰҲɢ֮䡭
һģҡᡭģҶ汯ʹȻҫʶ̶ֻ̼ʱԴѪ֮еǹȴĥġԼһˣ
͵һҶ˱ʹʼĽиļ䴫СһԸһҪӵлصʵԼΣҪȥ
ԶƺҲоҫʶɢĻ߹Ҷƴʱ˿̵״̬ûж˵ʲôĬĬһ°ͣ˼ʲô
Ҷ΢΢Ŀ⳯ƲȥϣûϸĹ۲ͷĸһ޾ף
ǻڵϣ޳ţ֧סֱ°ͣʮ޵Ƥֻסһ֡Ƭ׻¶⡣
ƺûвҶڶԼ忴˼ĳ
ಣ
ͷĹѸٵļӿתҶһ𣬲òĴջĿ⣬ȫԸЩ䡣
̡ͷϵĹԽԽСҶƵɫҲԽԽһӵ֮У򳹵ûҶƵԴ֮С
ȥ̽ԼѧûѧиҶƲҵ󣬼æͳһƤžϵ
ѸٵٴαƳһѪ棬һɽ֮ղŵĹ򲻳ѶõĹѸٵĸҶͷҶҲʼȫ
һεĥ£ҶչٶԿ࣬ղŵĹҶȴ˸ղʱһ룬ͽսԼԺ֮С

Ҷ³һ͵վԺ֮ѾϵҶܹоóԼڵĳӯҶʶ̽һϵǽȴᡣ
ϵȷˣҲѣûڻֻͨħķӳϵҶֻǷӳ˰ˡ
һϵĶҶ˵ҲǾ޴ģ룬ڵֻܱһ֣ۡ
ҶҡҡͷҲһʱæܵ״˴̹ǵĺĽ֮еһС֪װľҫĹǻң
СĽǻҷŵԼĿռָ棬Ҷٴڱ֮зһĶĿռָ
ҶƼæѪϸĹ۲ţȴҶһ
ǧҩأҩҲкܶꡣҩȻд½ѾƷҩƷҩҲƷҩ
ҶƵ˲ͣû뵽滹ô౦
һռָװԼеĿռָ֮УҶ̾һ۾˫֮˸޾Ķ־
һȥģ
ƺҶƾˣ̧Դ˫۳ճյҶƣ̬˲չ¶ţ
ҶƱӿĴסˣΪ˵ҶƵĶǿ˲٣ҲǸͻѪˡ
飬Ҷһߵ
˵ͷҲ˵Ѹٵ廯һŹһûҶƵʶ֮УٴλصԼסĵط


224 Ĵ
飬ոƺǰΪʹˣô£Ҷƺ˸ոǷΨΨŵŵӣЩɻ
·ʲôһ㣬ٵĻشУҲ˵
Ĳ˵𣿡ҶЩʧ
ܣ˵Ǽᶨ
ôҶҲʵڲڴֻҡҡͷʹա
˵ˣôˣҲʱȥˣҶ仰ո˵꣬ΧĺɫȥٴλصǷŵĴ۱ڡ
Ҷ΢΢۾ӭ鳾εĿ⡣
ߣҡѾȥˣҶһоǹȥ˺üӡ
ãһʱ䣬һΪʲô飬ôҲˡ鳾ҡͷôʲôϹͬĶҲûϸ̽
һиоãллߣҶƶ鳾߾һϵʱ˿̻ܶ͸¶ҵһĵưɣ
鳾Ц⣬Ǿ˵һͬʰɣӦûûнЩ򡭡ƺЩ֪Ĳ࡭
ҶƼæЦŰֵߣͷˡͬʵλϹͬʵǰѾ˵ˣĲͷˣͬʱҲлߵһƬģҼˡ
鳾¶һ˿㵣漴ȻϹͬʶ㽲ЩˣҲͲٰŪˣЦ
ˣҶƹ鳾ߣǷĵ׵𾴵ġ
漴ҶüͷߣħЩʱ֮ڲԴ½֣֮˵ˡ֮УϣڸǿʵȡħЩһ¶ʱһ򾡣
鳾Ҳ̾һˣ㵣ĵҲĵģڸһǿħЩעҲ˵ħٴγ֮󣬻Ҫ˴һͬսʤħţ
ҶƵ˵ͷ꣬Ľһܸ߽׵Ĳˣ
û⣬ⱾӦġҶƵͷ
ǲ֪ʲôûأ鳾ߺʵ
ҶƳ˼һ£һǱȽϲĴˣҲϲΪһʹҵʡ
鳾ߵͷãˣЩϼһԲɣֻһħų֮ǹͬЩħŲǳ𣡡
һģҶƵ˵ͷҪ˵ʲôһӵסˡ
໣
һǺ漴һӰ˲˴ڣҶ
Ҷƶһǻ̫ô˿̻̫źóͷҪҶ
Ҷĳ֣˲ס˻̫ǵͣ漴͵һݺݵĺˡ
̫ǼæͷֻǲһⳤͷҪҧˡ
ء̫ǼίĿҶơ
ҶŻ̫ǵƤëԺ֮и𵱳ڵ֮ϣǸĻ̫ǵģٶ˿ǰ̫ǣ˵߻һ˿֮
͸˻̫ǵ֣ϣܹ̫һ۲ҶЦ
漴վ鳾һȭߣˣ
鳾΢Цˣ룡
ҶƱ鳾͵˷⣬Ҳ飬һ̤գѸٵĳԶȥ̫ǼҲ󲻽̤շš
ҶƶԸŸʱ򣬻̫ͻȻ𻯾ҲΪս˲ûл̫ǵ֮İҶƸӮôɣ
ҶڿշţǰȻһǳأ׼нǣһ˴ŵĵطڻͨһ»̫ǵ̫ͨǩѪ֮Լ˻̫ˡ֮⣬ûдӻ̫ϻùһô⵱ȻҶһʹˡ
ҶҲ֪ǳĸҲôˣ֮УҵһģĴľƵ꣬˽ȥ
ߵſڣҶƱһָʹʿ˸סˣʿüۣһ֪ʲôö
ĶɢޣսʢӰˣһɲ׼סʿȻҲͨ˽׵ʵҲǺѵˡ
Ҷüǲǣӿռָ֮˼öƷĵҩ˹ȥеλѣֻǶһˣֻҪһ徲ķϢɣǳҲ¥һңи㣡
Ҷƻ䣬Ļ̫ǾͰͦصбʿһмӡʿǲˬ
˵ǿԽȥǳ棡ʿݺݵĵ˻̫һۣмĺһ


225 
̫ƺʿĻľҪһ³ȥǱҶһסˡ
𣡡
̫ǲĵſѪڣʿţӴӻ̫кƺôһ˿Ϣζ
ܿ˲ӣŵʿһµڵϣ˫۴͵ĳȥ
ҶƼæĻ̫ǵıͼƽ̫ǹ治ٽлԹԵĸҶƵ
ҶȻʿĻǻǲ֦ٴδӿռָͳöƷĵҩݹȥи㣡
ʿ߷֮ɫһ漴æվ壬
ҶȻЩ죬֪Ϊʲôʿ̬Ȼתô죬ЩȻҪǵķˣ˵ͷͳȥ
ʿ˫۹µµת˼ȦеʿѷûУʵһû뵽־Ȼ˴󷽣˵ļҵСӣｫ˵Ļб֪ġ˵Լһġ
뵽ʿ˼𽥵ĻҶƵĺ¶ĴƬյƺоǰѳСɽһĵҩڳԼ֡
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ʿͻȻѣ̺֮ӴƣܿռһŤݺݵҶƵĺϣоϲ֮ɫ¶ɹˣ
ͻȻʿϲɫ˻ȡ֮һ㵡ķ֣ԼҶƵȫȫͬʯţ뺣һʧӰ٣
ôܣ
ʿûзӦʱҶƻŤͷɫƽĿʿ
ո͸оʿЩĻ̥û뵽Ȼô󵨵ֱӳԼ֣
ڸʲôҶƵ֮¶һ˿ζ˫Ŀ֮ƺЦ⣬ȴޱȵı䣡
̫͵Ҫʿ˺ƬǱҶһѵסˣҶƱƽһ˫ĿֱʿղšҪʲô
ʿæһĭѵЦλѡҸոտĺһֻӣ䲻ŹۣԾŵĳֽˣѼ¡ٺ٣£
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Ҷ΢΢Цſʿƽĵһ֣
˵ţҶжʱŷƣ˲ȭͷϳ׽ʿɢ
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ʿʬ屻ҶӵһߣҶν֣߽档
̫Ŀһʿʬ壬ҲǼ䲻м˽ȥ
ڻ̫˵ⶼǳģԵȤûУ
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ҶƿǼҪָԼǼķֵָͷвͷһ߬ס漴һԡҶ赭дɿ֣˵ָͷѾױ⡣
໣Ӷͷ´ε亹ҽгһַֻⱻָϵĲţӲڵϹ
ָָҵıӣҶĶ仰Ż̫ǼžƵȥ
ġӣһ֪ɢ޴ȥˣӷһͬɱһĴţ۵ڵش
ʲôСôŵģȻñ˽һ漴һʮӺݻĹ˳ɫϾǲͣҶƺĻ̫ǣ¶һ˿ɫɢޣѵ֪ʢѾӰô
Ҷһλѣֻһסĵط˶ѣǳֻôһҾ¥
ӷ·һȵŵһ´ƿڴһɢ޾Ȼʸסһ֪˭ô
֪ҶƵ
ֻ֪ڵĽӰ棬䡢СûС㣡Ҷƶӣһһٵ֮еļ֮Ρ
ǺָҶƿڴãʵôڵǲҽվҪݣ˵
˵ţĳ֣һɰƴϱŷΧĵ˲䱻ӲȵĹѿӣȻҲͨʮ׵ʵ
ŶҶü̬ôɢӿ쵽Ĺ˵ֻСһٶȶѣҶ˵ʮַ˲佫أ
ಣ
ҶƵӰȵһϢӵȭͷмҪҵݣǰ첻ˡݰɣ
˵ţҶȭͷ糤۾һȭ͵³ӵ°ϣֻǰɡһŭ˫۵˳ȥڿһƬѪ


226 ԩ·խ
ҶЦǱѵӣݿɶȫ˰ɣ
ӷŭҶҪ˵ЩʲôǸһ죬еݾҵĻ˼£Զ
ЩֱһģѪģҲ̶ã

ӷŭĺһ۱еصݣ㡭Ķ
ҶһôһѾǾ޴Ķˣ㻹Ҳô
ӱҶƵɵ͵شһף岻Ĳһͨʮ׵ʿٳҲǼǱĴڣû뵽ȻҶƸԸһһɱ
̫͵سȥŭĺһѪھӵԴֻвߵľ룬ƺŵ˻̫еѪζһŷݣǵҺ
̫ǰ屻Ҷקסˣһ̵ܹӵԴ̫ҶƿɲҷֻʵʵĵʹԴ˵ȥ
ֻҪһӣ㲻ҪͼһһεսҵĵߣҶƺ
Ӷ͵ը죬羪һ㣬̲סһ
㡭㡭ѸٵĴӿռָһ͵һҶƴȥ
һ˲仮գ̵ޱȵĽ˸ź⣬ħצ
ҶһЦżޱȵķȻôƽһȭӭȥûжΣֻƽƽһȭӳ
ռʱŤһĳ̶ȣɫĴƮݣǳһ²Ҷȭͷ棬ȴҲǽ˰֣Ҷֱһ𣬽Ϊüأĵڵϡ
һúõͨķôϵˡ
ĿɿڴҲû뵽ȻĽеʲô۾һŵӡ
⡭ܣӺ
ҶһЦ͵ض˵֮ϣֻһȻ죬֮˲һĴӡ
ûʲôܣ㲻Ϊ³ĻҶָָϵķʮֲмӵ
һ£ҧأƺʲô˼Ķ͵սȭͷߵʦڸ˼ҿ𻯾ǿߣԸ㻹һ򵥣
Ҷüë𻯾
ӳҶƷʱ˲˺üһ´ӿռָһ򣬴ʦһɢҪɱңŪ˼͸ҵķ
ھڽʢʦ˼ҿӷһɱŭţȫʧȥ˸տʼݲȡ
漴ѸٵĽЦҶƵ㡭㡭ߡɣײȥ㣡
Ҷɫһ㶣ͻȻǳ죬Ժ֮ѸٵĸһԼөĻĵӰ򡷣ĳô뵽ԾúЦ
ģҲߵģСģϵģҾͽϵһˣҶʮְԵɢ޾ĺ
ЦŵͷޱȣʦҲֻĵķݣʱһҪȫ飡Աͷ֮ޣ
䣡
ͻȻʢ洫һ죬ƺʲôӸ߳һ㡣
ʦ𣿡Ӽæ˷ܵĺʦ
ӽʢ߽һˣһһߵʦҵȫˣ
ҶƿǺˣ˫˲ɵþ޴Ҳ
Ϊʲô
ˣǵ𻯾ʵ׷ɱԼͨʵᵽԼħ֫ˣɱֿˡʤֵܣ
һ뵽ҶƵ˫˲ųѪɫ΢һ˿̵Ц⣬̤Ьٴȫѹҵˣ
Ǻ˿Ҷһ󾪲漴Цû뵽û뵽ϴαѣãһΣͱӳˣ
˵ţǺһ֣һӴ˽ʢС¥ѹѹҶƵ񾭣ԭ̵ǽ˲仯Ϊ촷ۣȫǸӴѹͣ
ǰ˵ҶƻᱻѹšڣѹҶƾֻǴѣ˿ûаֵĸо
˲Ҳֻ𻯾׶ѣ
ҽǲܵģ֮ĳҲʱһˣ෴ҵܣҶȻзŭȴΥĵЦս˫ȭֵԼǰ龰ƺٴҶԺ֮иҶƷŭļҪ
ǵţҪǱˣһȥǸҶл


227 븿ס
˫һһεֻټĽʢΧǽڲ˲飬ϰ巢һɱĲҺš
˫͵һɣ˲չѸٵڵ̤üÿһ̤ĵ׷ѣһɹȵĽΪģϵĳɢһѷ졢ѷ졭
ѸٽӽҶƣָ͵һֻһۿԿӵ˲䳯Ҷȥ֮ռҲ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ͵ſָһ½ķɣҶӴ֮£ʵĻΪɢ
أ̫ǿҶƸսҲʮּҪսţȴҶֵסˡ
̫ǣ㲻Ҫ֣֮飬ҪԼֽҶƵ󣬵ȴնƣΧռ͵һ
̫ƺʲôĵ˵ͷ˵棬ɻǲĵĶź˺˼֮вζء
üͷŶû뵽ȻҲ𻯾Ѹ٣ϴμʱ򣬻ֻͨѡ
ҶЦѣôܾôĺˣһֽͷ­šۿѪ߸𣡡
˹Ц˼еĺһѸٵıƽҶƵ壬Ǵﵽ𻯾Σɱ練ƣ
Ҷƶ·۹۰˷δȺǰĶͼѸٵʩչԺ˵ͷµһȭҶƻɢ޾Ľɫԣ͵һȭȥǸȭͷ˸ţ
¡
ȭཻӴܴȭͷͷųݿһ˲䣬֮ٴη飬Ҷ˵
꣡
ҲΪܲס̶ֳȵ˺ѿɫ˸޾ء
ҶüëһѸٵĳһ˫ֱӴӵ֮д˳ݺݵǺ˵ؿڣϣ
ۣ
Ǻɫһ䣬ƲסľһѪ˱Ҷһ֮ϣԭʢķͱˣԸû̫ܵ
ʦ𣡡ӾѵĺôҲԼʦȻᱻҶô׵Ĵ򵹡
Ҷƴʱ˿ҲѾɱۣ͵תͷĶӣ³һַ
ָ΢΢һһɰľ˲ºݺݵѹӵ񾭣ֻ͹һʹӣ
أ
ӵܲסôӴѹֱӷ飬Ѫ֫彦ضǡ
Ҷ΢΢ͷ֮ǸڴڴϢӰ΢΢һЦѸٵĳϳȥ
ٶȺܿ죬ԾǺХķҶѾӽǺˣ
Ҷƣ͵ȴҷıɣк֣ؿŭţ͵ͳһɫӡ
𻯾ܸסֱΪµˣͬ׵ʿҲܸסʮϢʱ䣬ڹԹԵĽ֫ϵǿռָٺ٣˵ȫʬȻĻһ˿ĺâ
ŶҵҪ𻯾θңҶһ˿Ū͵ڿٴԾ𣬵͵سݺݵȥΧռʱ𵴲ҶǰռҲꡱһѿ
һҧѸٵ󶯷ͬʱ͵һ˦дȵȥ
һ㣬ѸٵĳҶƷҶƵȲںǰʱȴǱһɴסˡ
ѾҶýʵʵҶƳһ£𻯾
ʮϢʱ䣬㹻ܶˣɫĳǰкȻһذףذ׼⴦ɫЩͬȻǴ˶ҩ
ȥɣ
˴߶ذף͵شҶؿڣ
ֻ͡һذ˲ûҶƵؿЩȴҲȥˡΪذ׼ѾҶǰļļסˣҲѽ֣
㹻ˣ͵ؽذ˦¶һ˿֮ɫЦֻҪذ״һƤ͵ɣľ綾ӽ𻯾ʿ
ҶϸĵһܣһǰʼӣӦþǺ˵ʲô綾ɡ
ߣͷݣһزķڶҺϦպ졭õĶҺϢ֮ڴȫ¸䣬ҶЦţһһٵ
ҶƵĻ˵꣬˵ĺ˲伱ΪҶƶҩķһ㶼û
㡭ô֪ģߣҲûʲôˣҺѾڣ͵ɣ͵߬еƣٺЦ
ҶƱϾڶڿ޹һʱ䣬˵ЩȫͨҲȺĶҪͨˡ


228 
涾ڿڣȻڸͷ棬ԻɾʵЩöĹûʧҶĶĿȾ֮ҲѧһЩ䶾ķӣ˵ĶʵڲǶ⡣
ҶһҲƾڵǹҲܽⶾɵʣ¡
ʮϢʱܿȥҶһ˿Ц͵ػѸٵĽ߬Уֻһ׹Ҷ˿ռָ֮С
һ㶣漴ЦЦᶼˣĿİȿȡʲôôҲǵѪЧǲıģ㽫أ
Ҷûܿˣ
ʲô
˴һѸٵķգӵĶҶƣ㡭Ȼûж
Ҷ΢΢ҡҡͷҩЧʵ̫ˣǿʮ˵ܻЩ鷳
ûжΣҲ׽ɱ˷ŭĴţһ³һССӡ£ѸٵĳŵϵҶͶȥ
СӡڿѸͿһȻֵľ޴ɽΣ¡죬ǧŵҶѹȥ
ҿ棡˷ŭĺͬʱ¶һ˿˷ܣ㻹ܲ
ҶƳһЩӵĿǾ޴ɽ壬⿴Ҳһ𻯾ķƲС
Ҷî˾Ӻ֮зһȵĵͺ˫۳ɫѪɫһȭͷڵһݺݵӡµĵײ
ҶƵӡϸѣ˭֪ȴȻӽƷ
¡
ӡ±Ҷһȭҵķգ漴һƾʡ
ôܣ
˲˼Ľлţ͵˸ӡѸٵСջУһĿӡµĵײһСС״С
СΧһƬѡ
꣡
Ѳϵӣ漴һ죬׷飡
ķ
˷ŭĴ͵һ˦ֽӡӳȥ˫֮Ѿ˻硣
𣡡
ӰѸٵչڸոڵλһӰ䱾ѾѸٵıƽҶƵ壬һȭҳƺѾͻΧռ
ǺȴסˣΪҶƴ˿̲ŲæڻޱȵĽӡһΧɢһ޷׽
˴ŭĶڱǰǹٵĽӡַôȥɣ
ǣ˵۾ʱסˣΪ֣Ҷɢǹƣͻһ𻯾ܴĳ̶ȣԵ쳣ǿ
ޡϡ󡢱
Ҷ˫֮һ˿õĽɫâƺ۾ܻһأ鲻Խв԰Ρ˫ѾޱȣƺӦɬޱȵĽӡַѾһȦȦ״ɢűĺ
˲Ӷɳĺܣôܣϵôϵ
ѸٵֹסԼǰΣ˷ĳŷֽŲõȥϵ᲻һ˿Կʶ

ҶȻߣӿ˽ӡٶȣ˫֡ৡĽӡţͬʱһɱɫĲƴҶһԵӿǺˡ

˲ҽţͻȻоȶһǿҵ漴ֻѾʧȥеʶѸٵŤͷһԭԼѾʼˣ

˷ŭҪǰ壬ɱǺӵҲǳѸ٣˲佫ȫΪһ񡭡ִŸոյǸ
ҶһҡΣƺһһѪ˳˲ǵѪһǹʹѹȥװûµһ߽˺ˡ
ܣܰ
ҶǴһ˿ŪǷǵģҲûˣ
˵ţҶ͵ץס˺˵һֱֻۣšꡱһš
˻û͸Ȼ岻ܶ˫ȻתţڱԭûиеʹԼĸ첲һ±Ǵĵɢһֿ־壡

ҪȣǸܡڵֻһʶҲܡ
Ҷһֱֻ۶ʱ˱漴ҶЦźˣ֣ž֮ǰ˵ŶҪԴš¡
͵һŵú˫۵ĴתҪҲ˵ֻܷţǶͽͣ
ϵȻûгڻͨһСС𻯾Եֵģ
Ҷ˫Ϣ˺˵Դ֮ϣӺпԿҵ뾪֮ɫѾˣ
꣡


229 ͻ
˵ͷ­Ҷš͵سŵ֮˦ȥ
ǧ׸߿գ˵ͷ­ˤڵϣڴԭֱˤ˸飡κѪ⡢κԽ쳣ġ
Ҷ˫Ŀ֮ҲỨλֵܣҽΪǱˣ
˵գҶȭͷϵĽɫ˲ڣ͵һȭͷʬ֮ϣӴĽɫ˲佫Ǳʬݻ٣ΪǵıƮڿС
ǺǡĺãҶ̤գһһĴ
ѱжЩĸо
ŵ޴Ļ̫ǣҶԴյѵͲСһ¡ôôѵԺ󻹵ʱ޿̵ĸ󲻳ɣ
Ҷ⻰ֻǱԹѣ˭֪̫оȻһ˿Ȼɫ漴͵ҡҡȻСȥ
ҶƾĿ֮У̫С˴һƴСĳ̶ȣ͸ոճһ㣬ͷһϸСʵǿɰˣ
ҶĿɿڴĿŵϵĻ̫ǣ˿̻̫ѾСԭʮһƴСôôɰ
ģҶƽ̫һƲСÿסӣֶԼĻС
׶ˣҶЦŵ˵ͷ漴һһǸѾõĽʢȻǽڶѾ飬滹ҵһûܵ˺ķ䡣
Ǹϰͱո˶ݵѹˣҶҲֵڵƿ߽ȥ
ΧѾۼһȦʿһ𻯾ǿ߾Ͳû뵽Ȼһ¼֮࣬һôҵս
ҶƹϷţѸٵڷΧ˼׵ķƴŰĵ̫Ǵӻͳĳ̫ǣҪչգڼ䣬ǧñ˴ң˭ɱ⣡
̫ǵ˵ͷƵߵǽ£Ӳʱĵᣬһĵӡ
ҶŷĵĿʼҪģǻ̫Ǵﵽ𻯾֮츳Իͨ˫Ŀͷųһɰ˵꣬ԷΪ㣬ֱӹ꣬ӽԺ󳹵Ϊûκ־İ׳ա
Է㣬ǶҲԱЩ
֮һǳ;츳ǶҪĽҲĽģҿҶƸ̫Ѫ֮ԼѪͬԴԻѧϰ
̫ǵ˲ӰҶƵ壬ܿͽһֿ״̬
޵У·žҵĻƿһ㣬ΧռŤԽǿңȵҪ޻糹׻һɢ˿⴦粻ϵĻζš

ҶУ̶̼Ϣʱ䣬ȴо꣬ʮǰ
ռŤпʱһɭɫĻǸֳҶƵĻǣ
ҶƵĻǴ˿ţΧĻϢȶȣǲϵŤšΧŰƣѹҶƵĻǣ
Ҳ޷Ȼǿǧٱʹ࣬пҶƾѪļ;ȻΪȽſѿڡ
ʹţҶƸֹǰһбĶŤģ־ټᶨѵʹǰԾԵĲ԰
ۣ
ڣڱ˿ڻҶҲһ۵³һԴɫѪҺֽʧȥѪɫ
ǡꣿôܣȻǡڶԪ꣡ǲŸôм仹ôֱԽˣⲻܣҶƵԺ֮ƺԴ
ļǰţҶƤԽԽʧȥʶ֮ǰ·˲ˣ걾Σգ̫죬ȻֱӿһȽףֱ꣡ʶŻ˵ľ
ͻһ㾳Ҳûʲôڡ˵֮󣬱ҲӦ𻯾ʵˡпͻΪ
Ҷֻ뵥̫ǵ츳ͨȴ֪ΪʲôԶˡֱꡭ
ƤںϣҶҲʧȥ˿֧ŵʶҲʱǲӿڵĿҲͣɢȥ
̫ǽ֮¶һĨǵɫڸոҶ췢޴桰ըѿ̫ǺǴûǰȥš
ڴʱ˿̣һ΢΢ȶɫâӻ̫ϸĽҶƵ壬ǻ̫ǵ츳ͨ
ɫâȻҶѸٵں׵˸е
ʱһһĹȥɫâȫʧҶڵʱҲ˹˫͵õĽɫԷӵĹʣƺԿݻһС硭


230 ͵Ϯ
ʲôôܣΪ𻯾ʮףȴֱϣǸХǵ츳ͨһ˾䡭Ȼڵӣ
𾪵Ҷʶ֮
ҶƺݺݵҡҡͷƺҪʲôԺ֮˦ȥֻĸоԺ֮С
ô£ΪʲôͻȻо·źܴĸıƵģҶƵ૵˫ʣȻûѹ
㡭㻹̽һԼ壡
ҶƼæϸϸĸоԼ壬ԼȻɳ˲٣ƺһԼԼµԺ֮γɣʱã
ಣ
Ҷ͵۾˫ٴλΪĽɫƺһǿУҪ˵Ŀȥһ㡣
Ҷĸо˲Լ˫֮εġ
ǡҶƵͷϸϸĸͻȻһ
츳ͨܺõںһ𣬷˭Ԥϲľ䣬˵һ޴ĺ飡Ϊġֱӽ˵ڶԪ׶ΣɹˡҪ𻯾ʮҵʵģû뵽ôʵܹ̺֮żƺΪҶƶˡ
Ҷϲ⣬˷ܵĿǽߵĻ̫ǣͶȥһм
ˣҾ˵ȵߵĲ֮󣬾ͽ̸ͨͨʱҽ̸㱾Ϣô𻯾ʱҵȷҪµͨˡͳе
ģҶ͵صɴ˫ۣϢǷǳ޴ģ֮ͬУѾǺǿˡ
ȻˡͨС䣡

ء
̫һƾѾӽӰ
ҶڴȣĿţ̫ͷ̵ĴӴȥСԵú
߸¶ʵʵˣһҹ£¶ֻĴ۾˿Զ״ͣ£˫ĿĶ
ûˣ鱨Բдͷɤʮɳƣ˫۶Ҷķ䣬һ˿ķ֮ɫ
׼ãûзֱ֣Ӵֲͷתȥ˵Ǽֻвһʱ䣬סô
סˣ
ӣһȻ֮쳣ƽȴ͸һӱ뺷ζ֮͸޵֮·Ѿ֮֮ͽһ㡣
ãж
ͷһ£˲ڿ˸һ̤նУȻȫ𻯾ǿߣ
̫ȥ˲ڿб͵سͷ˹ȥѪ֮еȳ֮˲緢
ͷ˫͵һ˿⣬ҶƵ޳裬Ҳ𻯾ΪСģŸǱ͵Ϯģ
˵ţͷ͵ش˫֮лûһӴղ𵴵ƣ͵سŻ̫Ĺȥ
ƺ˲֮зХ֮
أ
һȭһ˻̫Ϊĸͷ˫֮зϲɫǿޣ㣬Ҳʹϰ죡
ʵȴĿɿڴһȭ·ûκЧһ㣬ڻֻ̫ȻƲһ˹͵֮һҧֻŴ͵һźϣΧһ顣

˴󾪣ѸٵĳԱȥ̫һûҧԴƫеҧļ֮ϡ
֨
ؼ򱻻̫һ˺ҧʺѪҺһӿ˻̫һ
̫ϵѪ˫֮Ѫζ

˲ҽһ͵һϥݺ˻̫Ǹֻֻ̫΢΢һͼԼͷ­ſ͡
ʹ򣡡˷һѸٵڵϴ˸㿪˻̫һҧ
С˿ڣĴкš
̫Ƕ˶ëĿ߸ˣϵѪʹòӵ
áѸٵöҩУͷðε亹ɫΪʧѪԵ쳣԰ס
аǵʱ䲻ˣԱһ˽
Ǿһϰɣϵ첲Ǹͷ˴һŭĳҲҲҶһˣһݣƴˣ
߸ͬʱŻ̫ǳŸ͵ƴӲͬͬǶȳһƬѡΧҲ¡¡ԱߵķݶʱһƬ
̫¶һĨ׹⣬ȻǲΪԷͲη壬ͷ͵˸ë֮еĺɫƬҲøϸܡ


231 Х
𣡡
̫Ƿһŭ𣬶ͷ״͵˸һ£˫۱ó죬ѪɫֻǰǸϱʿ͵һ£һѪϢĴӿ
СģԹ꣡˾ĺ
˼ӽ˶ķ͵سŻ̫Ƿ
䣡
ܴضʱֳ˴ƬƬĹѣͷƤ飬̫Ǹǲıƺ壬ҿ۰
ϻ̫ԭˡƤ񣬲ûܵʲô˺Ӽԣ
һȻӻ̫ǿ͵ǸʿֱӱɺԶ漴һҲݺݵ˻̫Դϡ

һմ󵶵岻ϵ˺˺ЩסˣŻ̫ͷԼµһ׺ۣдʧɫ
أ
̫͵һצĳǰ˲ķɣһѪ˳漴ʣЩٴμսš
ˣ
磡
̫ϵԽԽ࣬ˡѾŲסˡ
ء
̫ǷŭĶ壬͵һЩʿݺݵɨɳȥ
漴ҲԵĲ˼£һһ̣ɲĸļȻͣǸû۵ıǱȽܹͻƵġ
͵һٴν̫ŭһʹ壬һһš
еʿŻ̫ǣǶϱ۵ʿߣֲ˶ˣһϣȡԴ
ЩʿһһĳԼƽ̫˫֮¶׳ɫ
ҵǿ˭۸ҵ޳裡һеʿ̧ͷֻǸѾƿҶ̤䶢Լ
ħŵĻǿ죡û뵽ΪɱңȻȥԶΥҶҡҡͷ漴ϱЦȡ
ΪˣǲŸҶŭ
ҪûɱǣǶϱħ߷ŭǣһϣɱ
ǺǺǡҶ͵һ̤ҫ۵ĽɫԣԵѹ͸һһΣѾӭ߸ħ߳
ǰһƬһҶƵȭͷһִƣϵĳӿȥ
Ƕϱħҧҧ͵һ֣ǧɵı׶Ҷȥÿһű׶˸ŷĺâɴʯնĿ׶
ҶЦһױܿת͵һԱߵһħߣȻԷһޱȵŤһƬ֯ӿ
أ
Ҷȭͷ˲˰˵˲ƴһ
˸Ҷ͵ضԺһ˲о˫۷飬Ѫڡ
Ҷû˿ֹͣ˼һδεĹһδεĸıŹǶȣεȫֵУȵƺõҲԽԽˡ
䣡
ƥĹҶƳ׸Щħսһ֮һƬһƬĹӣһһӰײͻȻҶ͸һɸӲöĿĽ⣬˺صʼڿһʱЩħŵħиеһĲ
𣡡
һ̣Ҷ͵Ϣ籡ӿ˲֮𵴿һۿɼϵĳɢȥ
һϢѿ֮󷢳һ˿޷ݵϣһʱЩħ˫ŭȻһ޿ƥеĸо
ôܣʲôͨѵϵôǸϱ۵ŭ
ԲǣԱߵ˽ӻ
Ȼˣƴˣһħ߷ŭĺͬʱ͵ؿʼӡ
꣡
ʮָתۼͷһֻ޴ǳͼеԶӿǵͼǳͼ˲仯һʥľ޴ɣҶƵȥ
䣡
Ҷһ֣ƺ̻һͷɷԶݻҶֱ֮֡Ҷֱ۵Ӱ˲ûȻҶ֮Ѹɫۣ鲼ֱֻۡ
飬лˡҶƵ૵漴֮˲ӯŶ־͵ȫۻӳзһĴ𣺡Хۡһ
һŭ˲ҶƵֱ֮лûֻӿֻһӰѡҲǷǳĿֲˣӴݺݵײʯ
ֲֿĹײһһ˲佫ǳɣǾ޴ǳ˲ըƬռⶼŰϢÿһƬ׵Ķ
¡¡ľһʱأҶƸǱ紵Զһʱе˶оԷһ


232 ױ
ҶƻѪ¶ѾŰ񱩵ĴγһѪۣɫѪҺأڵϴڴ
лͬʡûںϱʵ̫ˡХۣ͵͸ˡĵֻ쳣˺صһ㡣
֮ǰ齫ԼʵΪһţ뵽ҶƵ֮ϣγХۡ䱾ȴΪʧȥҲû취ˡ
飬ȻɿֳҲ߳ҶƵʶռ䣬䱾ȴûһ˿һʵͨﾳ硣
ΪʵںϵҶƵ֮ϡҲ͸ҶƵһݴ
Хۣһ
˿аħұۣȻ֮
Ͼаħұ۲ֻ֮Ĳ֫ѡ
ҶƵ˫֮ϾͶںһʣ˫ȡ׵ͷˡֱںһ֮ҶƲĽͬʵʵӳ
̧ͷǰҶƾˡ
ĳǳѾڣߵĶԺȻֱӽǳмһ룡ǧ׵ĵطߵƽǻĻ
ԼĽô
߸ħߣոոҶƶԺǸѾ֪٣ҶƵһֱ֮ӻΪ촷ۡ
ʣǸϱħڸովͷ­Ѿѹ廹ڵϲϵĳ鴤ţѪӲ緢Ȫһ㡣
ڵһ֪ѾȫʯƬᴩҲǻˡ
ֻħ߾ոյķΧԶܵĲҲС˶ѡ
һȻĿҶƣҧгݵǡˣ
Ҳ˵վҶƴǵʱ䲻ˣֻҪһʱһ̾ͻữΪŧˮ
ҶѾˣ˼ӰѾܹɱһħҲŭĴš
ȫʹ˺ѸҶüͷһ壬ΧƺȻӿǶеǳƬ۱ȥǹϢȫ˿ۿɼٶȻָš
һСᣬҶƵƾѾָ룬ǰħߣÿһϵɱһ֣ȵն𵴡
ȥɣ
ҶƶǰǸħһ̤ȥ񱩵µĿռ飬ܲסѹ˲䡣
ɱңûôףҲҪһ𣡡
ħߴһһ˿Ҷƴȥһ޴ڿ֮γɣҶƵƺݺݵײһ
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ǿĿռϵŰţǴƱҶһ̤ķ飬δֱһڽɫѪ󵹷ɳȥոϵ˿ٴαѣȫµʹٴ糱ˮһϮ
ħߵһֱֻۣȴǱҶһֱ̤̤࣡˲ϢѣɷǺˣ
Ҷٴ³һѪħߵľٴǿվ˾ֵĿ⣬ͻȻЦˡ
Ҫɱңͱ븶ӦĴۣҶưͦأҰһĿɨǰˣٿʬ
λһĻǺúÿ
ȻҶƽХۻգָչĶ֮϶ʱһϵ˸ǾŰ׵磡
¡
֮ͽȻɫŰ
ԾͣҶϵЦҲԽԽŨ
ͻȻҶƵָ͵߬ͬһʱŰн£һֱ
Ȼֲδ˿˺ֻΧŰסֻХۡ
ԶڿռڵһԡҶƵ૵׵Ű
ôᣬоȻץһħޱȣԼƺµҪʲôȴЩš
Ҷֳ˻ˣ
Ҷаħұ͵Хһһһľ޴ڵױ˲䱻еķ趯ձĳѡ
䣡
Ҷɫ񣬾޴ױ·裬ΧһһĲš
ȥɣ
Ҷеױ͵سŵϵħ߳ȥ˲һ󶯵֮һ˿ζ
ħ˲վҪűȥҶױȴ·˲˾޴ľ룬Լٶħһǣֻ֮˲ž
һŨĿζɢ˱ױ޳µȫᣬתߺɫĽʬ

Ҷᴭһص֮ϣױ޻ɢɫҲӲ԰ѽöҩӽ˿С


233 
ܲãưܵӣҶ΢΢ʼ磬׼һ˹ȥ
ֻܵǳǳصһߣһ߻û̫ܵĲȴۼ˺ܶʿɽ˺
ǳǱǿʿڶȫˣ涼ѳôѷ죡һʿŵ
ôЩʿʲôʵ
ҿҲ𻯾ʵÿһ̤շУ֪ôһ˴߸˰ʵֲ̫ˣǸʿµؿڵ
Ҷˣֻ΢΢һЦûнϡ
̤շţܿ죬Ҷƾ͸е˳ǳصһŴĽȥͽųȥ
Ƕǳһ𾴡
ոߵſڣҶСֹţһȥðյ˰
ȻСҶƵĶĺܣˣҶƶʱ˻ȥǸղ˵ʲô
Ǹʵֻͨﾳʵ˿̿Ҷƻعʻͷ亹ʱ䡣˿ҶǰΪԼĻǵҶƣæ͵ѿȥ֮еģ
Ҷ΢һ㶣Ժ֮йص˲丽Ժ֮С
أƴ½֮һ׳ΪʿǳءϡŹֵ޲𻯾ǿҲҪСģһʧǧźޣ
Ŷô֪ȻҶĿĲô˵һ˿Ȥʵ
ڳǵİٷ֮ʮȥصģ˵ʲôϡıˣڸ׼ŽıռΪأϲӦþճ⼸ȥصʿر࣬ԿѳȥҾ͡ǸС
ıҶЩȤǸһöƷҩ˵
ǸҶĵҩʱЦеģٽˣҲǰЩɣ֮ͻȻ˵رԸĸԶȥ˵ֻرĽѣգʲôСҲȷʵ֪һȺǿߣСʵ΢
ҶƼҲʲʲôٴöҩлתͷߡ
ѣ˵̵ҲڣǧҪСİǸܿҶƶһЩҩķϣٴγѵ
̣ѰҶĵ
رôôܲȥҶ΢΢һЦҲ˳·ȥһµʲôȻܹ

̿ϴ²ãĴɽ֮ͦ䣬޺Ⱥɽջص
ƽͻȻӿһ޴ĺڶƾ򿪣ʮܵڶŨӿ룬һˮеһ㣬ѸٵĽΧˮȫС
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ʱڶڴһ޴죬һ͸Źս⣬˰߲븴ƵĹսԺڶ
ɲǼ䣬ϼӿ¡¡֮ʮأҾ޴Զսճ֣Ǵʱдʥۡ
ս֮ϣҶϥ䣬ƽ·֣޾ڴ
û뵽ǰȻķǷˡҶĿɽзһ̾
ŴȻҫµĿռָ֮ġ
·ﴦһƬ޾ĴģһѹĿֲϢԴвϴݣǴϷĿռ䶼ڶǦƲ˻𣬳漫ΪˡһƬزϲɽ壬ƺǵ׺ɽмһ
ҲصԴȺɽ֮С
һƬأұоս涨ʲôǿ޴ڣ˵غųơʿǳء˴ҵҪǷʵҶƼʻŹŴ
һ̹ŴһƿƬȥһ·Ͼ񣬴˵δĹŵصķΧȴʱݳֻ֣ǲǿ಻ͨס
Զž޴Ϣ£𻯾׵ķݻޣ𻯾ϢԶ׷ױߣ
ֻƬ̺Զž޴ٴͣ£ѽۼ䣬д޺𲻶ϣѹҶľ
ĹŵΪϵȣ̫ؼѹȣԽʿʵѹƣȴݣ𻯾ʮ׵ǿҲҽ
Ĺŵ̫ˣ˭ҲڲʲôµĴڣƲХ㶥ޣų֮ǰµ㼣һƬδȴҲһеĽ
վرԵҶǰֻççȺɽԣѹš


234 ̤
ء̫ǴҶƻ˳֮ɫأƺǿʲô쳣µ
ҶĽ̫ǵԴ뻳УҪ£
漴ĳȶᶨû˿ԥ̤ų͵ĽŲ̽Ѱ˿˵еϻԵڴ˿ԥ
жֲҲҪһ̽Ҷ㣬߳һֻһ˲䴩ԽһƬζ嫵Ľ磬뵽һƬռ䡣
䣡
ͬʱҶǰһ䣬һ޷Ϣεľǰ˾ɻ񷣬ضѹ¶
Ϣ磬Ԩÿһƶѹεľƾ죬֮ضⷽصĹأӭһλİĿˡ
ֻⷽƺ̫飬ǶϢǵˣÿһֶҶ޷ܣδǰ춯ƺҪѹ
𣿲˵ѹʿûжôô¡
Ҷƴ󾪣һ˿öĿĽɫԣ˫ȭڣͨ·ľ޴һȭһȭÿһǿգضڶϢ˺飬˫ȭѪɽ¶ɭɫĹ
ûǧҪͣ£һͣ£ͻᱻѹóûдʧȥԴ֮лָ
ҶƵ˵ͷ
˫ȭһɫԣƬϵطսÿһȭойֵ͸ѪӿڣƬصӦҲԽԽǿоӭѹڼ١
һʱ䣬Ҷƴ죬ϢƬؼ¡¡䣬ͬһͷ˯еľޣȻϴڵЦݡ
ֲùżϼƬضʿѹƼûУȻˣҪǰѹϢڣƬؽڣҲҿǿһͨʿû˿׼Ļпܽһ˲䣬Ϣѹ治֪Щɵʿνеġ
˿̣ҶҲܲκεѹ󺣵ĸоÿһκ·ˮŨĵӿڣ˵泩
˴ʱҲƬأ֮ǰ翴ͬڲҶƷƬصɽΡ룬̻Ĵɽӣݺأɽ߾ϼӳ䡣˻˼ɾ
һ֮أ
ŵأ۲죬Զ޷ζƬصĺ벩Ⱥɽѹ·ϹŵʱգһȴĹ
һƬϵأΪ֮һƬؾۺ˸ɽڶⲻǾأ֮أĪôֲܳΪ޼֮أĵȻⷽǺоġ
ҶһƵĳǰȥڵҪϸ̽رںη
䣡
һ㣬Զ֮˲佦ĻҳغȻһӰӴɽϳ
Ҷƾֱ̤ն𣬿͵شܹһӰӣȻ
ߴһٶ׵ľ޴֧Ⱦ֧ʵĸ̤ڵ֮ϷȻ죡ֵݳªĳţʮ
ǡͨʮ׵޳ë޳󣡡Ҷһû뵽Ȼޣĵһ޾ͨģô޵ǶôǿΪأ
̫͵شҶƻ̽ͷǿ񱼶ĳë޳֮һ˿Ū֮ɫ͵شҶƻѳ˲ظԭΣ͵̤֮С
໣
̫˲𣬾ޣһЩΪ𻯾޾Ȼ˫һڵϡ
Ѫ֮ɢǿѹɲǲӣ
ҶƻȻĿŻ̫ǣһ𻯾ĲХǣڵʲôأֻҪ𻯾ޣŵХǵζ¶Ӱɣ
ҶҲĴޣвһֺЦ
Щ޶ܣǻҪһЩѯأޣȻǸر֮أҶƷԸ̫ǵ
̫ǵ˵ͷؽ˼Ŀһ̱֫Ļϣĳ߹ȥ
ǻŵͬɸһţؽ˼һĿˡ
̫ǲͷؽ˼˫֮еԽиֳ
ʾ̽Ž˼漴Ӽָʲôֻ˫֮еĿСģŭǰǡ


235 
̫ʱʱĵͷţ¶һ˿ɫƺʳԼҪõĴ𰸡
̫վǻ΢ͷǻٴתܣٶȷɿ죡
Ҷ΢ЦſŻ̫ǣһǷӣ֪ʳ˽
ء̫ǰԴмһ״ĶҶҡҡβͣһҺӡ
Ҷ޿̣͵һڻ̫ϣĲХֱ߳Զ̫Ƥ񣬸ںŵСˡ
ҲǲڸҶƷˣʵʵҡβͣͷһӡ
˵ĸ򣡡Ҷһŵû̫͵زæ̧ͷһͷؽš
򣿡Ҷƿڵĳ¶ɻɫ
أҶƼæ϶ĵ˵ͷһ϶ӡ
ãȻߣҶ͵ڿնڵ޴ĽӡΧ͵һա
̫ҲĸҶƵĲ͵ڿն

һŽɫ̵ʿʱ˿һƬΪ׵üͷ˿ܣЩرǽ̵֪ϢǺŵľȻҲ֪õϢȻҲһ֣һΣ˵ʲôҲˣ
ȷ˵һκľкգһݺݵ߬ȭͷߵոѡ֮нˡڽ˵Ҳ϶ˣ޲ʳѪ
һ˺գôһҪٶȸһ
λһ֮ɫ꣬ƺҷ
棬ʱΪҶƵʵҲͨף˵ͨ˽׻һЩҲǺĵˡ
ǲ֪ΪʲôԽԽϲ۸ԼˣЩǶһֻ۱һֻۡܲʵġ
ߵվٴγ͵һȻԤϵ˽Ҫʲôлⲻ˵һ˿ҡ
ǧҵģǧҵġ
ĬȻʵһ˿룬Цߵǰ
治İԼĻҶǸռָڲصıȽأҲǶûзŵҴ档
ȻҪӶˡ
ߣ棬ҰζȥԣٶӶˣ˫ĵ棬в֮ء
ҪȻͻһֱôȥз·һ
һ˳ܵȻûκζȻŭ͵һ̤棬ǲˣȥҰζ
͵һ漴ӾҵĲ¶ʹַŭɫ
һӵų򣬻ӢֻۣмӣҪģǸջٴں˫ƺǱ˲Ȼһ㣬ó졣
ꡭ
ǿ֮вŴ˫ȭ߬ýģƺҪ߬ˮ
ŭû뵽ҲҲԼһ⳯ϳȥ֮󣬴һĿ硣
Ǹȴûпһ㣬ʱתȥ
ž
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ٷſû뵽ȻᷴߵĺͬʱһȵĽ֮ͨΧε˲佫𿪡
Ҫ֪±ɱ㣬Ҳһ˿һ͵ݺݵһųȥ
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쳣һԾ㿪˽һţʱ֮ϳһ޴ĽӡǱ߳ġ
˵ʹŵԴͻȻ̧˫֮еѪɫĹâƺ˲佫ɵſͣ͵ش
˵
һĺ쳹֮Уʱݣķգ
͵سȥٶޱ֮죬쵽Լ߳׵ĽûзӦȭͷһѪĹâѪһճ쳣ˡ
أ
ɫһ䣬һѪһȭֱӴڶϣ㽫еĶȫ¹⡣
ƺûзйĵŭٴγǰһΧѪɫϢŨҲø

͵޴ֱӽԱһƷɣ޴ֱ
漴˫޾ѪɫǴһ̵΢Ц͵ǰĽ


236 Ѫʥ
ιһŨѪȵϢĴǶ֫бۣѪȻΪ˵һ㡭
һ˫Ŀ͵ԼֵѪʶ˼£տɬȥһĭ
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ˣ˿̵Ŵ۾ǰʬ壬һڲϢոճȥĶƺҪ³һ㡣
𡭡֮мߵŵѾȥõʬ壬͵һĭ
ɱ㡭ջҵ˫Ŀĳ컹ûȫɢȥͬҰһŵĴЦš
ˡˡˣ滺һȦЩ̵ĵӽԶɱˣ滹һ𻯾ĳϡ
ĺãĺðЦЦţƺ֣̲ȥỨſϲ
ѸٽЩϵĿռָȫԼĿռָ֮УһĪ˷֮⡣
ɻãһޱȵ𣬶ʱŵһΪǴԼĵ׸ġ
տʼԼһģһͷϵĺ˲
㡭ʲôˣôҵڣЩֵĽеȻղŷɱЩˣʵıԻǸЩų档
ʱʲôˣǸЩ㵵漴ŲЦ˲ڣƷ
ɣЦãǸͣ£һһٵѪʥ𡭡
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֪Ѫʥ˭ȴһ飺ֻгʿʸԳ
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ڲţȫΪ̫¡
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ѪʥûзϣһĶʱą֧֧ǣѪʥǰܷͨأ
ѪʥЦЦޱȲɣΪʲôԣѾȥ棬ĺӣͽѧˣ
漤ĲæǣѪʥǰӦôѧϰأ
ܹõһλָ㣬ƽʱ붼ģƽʱõ֮ڵ𻯾ʦָһ䶼ϰ졣οһλ
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˳ָķҵųȥѪʥƺջ
վ壬ԥĳһȥ˫֮о֮ɫ۵ȴ˸ż˷ܵĹâ
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˫֮˸˷ܣϿ˽ȥƺǰֿɼ
ಣ
һɽ˲䱻һӴѪɫΧ洫Ѫʥĸ¸µǧˣڿԴˣҪЩӡҵˣɣ
Ҫ˵ʲôͻȻоԴ洫ըǰһڻ˯˹ȥ
Сʵһ㣬ΪܹȥҲȥˣԼһ壡ѪʥСʵôռ׾١
֨
֮УƺоԼ巢һ˵ƺȫ¶Ȫһ㣬ƺʲôճĺɫҺڱԼų⡭


˺þãǹѪɫֹͣת洫Ѫʥ΢Щƣʣ²ˣռСӵѾˡ
գѪɫ˲Ժ֮У˫͵ŭ漴ıϡ
ʲôȥڣŭĶǰѪɫ
ѪɫЦСӣĺˣƴġЩˣɹճȥһȫɱСӾͲҪˣԹԵñռ塭
ŭĵ˫ۣԭƭңͲΪͽ㱾Ҫռҵ壡


237 
ѪɫĺɫȴһһĲ֮ϣԽԽѪɫ޿ײȥ
Ѫʥȵ˷ܵЦѾþˣҲǿۣأӦң
͵һʶھҵķţϹȻƭң
ѪʥɭĺٺЦȷӦøеңȻ뱾ۣϧѾ޴ľϴ衭ȻϾҪҵˣҲӦĸо仯ɣϿл
һæϸϸĸһ壬Ǹƽʱͬ
еĹǺڴ֮вȡˮԴḶ́ô岻һССĺࡣһҪĴ࣬ǰٶȿֹ
ܹƾʼȥԿڼڴﵽ𻯾
ʣ֮еţǣʣԼ壬ԼȴܼˣһжᱻѪʥռݡ
뵽вԹŭ𣬳ǰǽ۸ҡų۸ҡȥ֪ĻǾȻҲ۸ңǳΣȥǧ꣬¶Ȼôռҵ壿ô׵飡
Ҿң˭ȡ
͵һ˻һ½һƬѪɫɢһɹȵӿ֮⣬ΧʯʱƬ
Ҫռһ˵ɲô׵飬˻ʶʵǸϼѡ
Ҫôǿƥʤܹ֮࣬Էڵʱ˲ĨɱԷʶ꣬򼴱ԷڣҲпܱԷĨɱ
ѪʥȻǿû˵ȻǱӡѹǧ֮ãȴȻ𻯾ʵռͨȻǺ⡣
ѪʥȴոջӴϴ衭ͺñ˭Ը⴩·һ㡣
ѪʥͻȻ֮ҷһвΪܱҸǿ㷴ʲôֻʹ࣬ͽ͵ģ㻹ǲҪˣ
˫۳죬ҧгݵ˵Ҳ֣ҲҪùԸһȥܹһλһҲҵˡ
ѪʥΪΪȻŭҪʢ࣬˭ôһ˵ĻѪʥеķŭһӱŷŴ߶Ѫɫʴꡣ
ϾѪʥȻʶǿ󣬵Ͼô࣬һӴϴ裬Ѿ˺ܶࡣϾǿ;˴ټǿʹ޷˲ʤϽս֮УϵС
û뵽ķȻôǿңѪʥŭĺ
ķѾһĵĸоʱ˿òʵѾʲô½ѪʥˣʵҲֻ̾һڱϢ
ֻһͨʿĻǶ㲻Ĺ»ѣ
֮ǰʵ̫߹ԼˡΪƾԼΪܹ׾ٵĽĻɢӶռ塭
ѪʥԽԽѪϵֻʣ±һ
еҲ˻ţ漴תΪ˿־
ƺ棬Ѫʥ˻ôܣôôǿʵѹȥˡⲻܵģ
͵صһ𣬻ô󣬵һӮ˳죡ǰ裬ڿüˣ
һЦ֣һֻסѪʥĲӣʲôƨҪҵҾҪκθҹȥ˶Ҫۣ
˵ţ͵һһӴͨƴϱŷ

ѪʥʱΪһΪɢѪҪתܣһζǲɹֻҪʵӳȥɿԶɽôһûˡ
ôԼʹĸԴߣ͵һֱ˲ĺһȥɣ
Ѫʥ˫۴Ų˼ɫ͵һ˻һѪ˲䱬ѿ˵ɫǳ㣬ĴƮһ֮ʼԶ֮ӿ
ЩѪ㱻ںϣһһĿﵽѪʥļ䡭Ȼ俴һǰδ˴š
ڶģƺžԶδ֪ضϣ˷ܶȣ
ã۾Ŀ˫֣ҲѪʥ𣡡


238 ǿʳ
Ž¾޴ɽûһ˿סתԺųϵϣرôôҸоһ֡
ϺɫһȻûģ̵Щ˲ѾͳôϢдرԴڣȻ춯ҪסǶҪرУʱѹһͷ
յ˵ͷ˫֮л͸Щԥɽ֮´һ޵ĿֲϢЩ

ɽһߴһ̴ٶ𺳵ľոǺųϼ˳Ǳߡ
ʦܣ˫֮͸ǣ͵ؼԦŷɹԼ׵ľ޴ɽһȥ
ǳһҲ˲աⳤϾȻҲ𻯾Ϊ
ʦܴڵϣָǰСִһʬ壬ŵѾ˵ˡ
Ѹʵʦܡôء
ͻȻҲסˣ񾲾ĶڽǸմѪʬϣϤѾĿȫǣǺջ׵ľ˳
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ǡǣѸٵɨţЩʬȫ۵ףȫǽ̴ĵӣһλòѾ𻯾Ľ̳ϡ
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ܰ˽̸ţĶһЩСɢ޶ѡ
ǺŵĳҲˣŵϵʬ壬𾪵˫˵
⡭⡭
˫۶ʱǺųϵϣǻǾȥɡԽ̵ʵȻﱻ𡭡֪˵жôǿ󡭡
ǶҲһ˼¶ɫǲȥ
Ϊʲô׽
ΪȻ̵˱ȫҲ˵ǵĻһ֣ƣΪʲôҪȥ˵ǿԳɹĻرѬģƺ˫֮оɫ
żĺкöҲȥܰ
ĳհ֪ΪӾȻôˣɲ㰡о仰˵ĺã󣬿ɲôôܱССѵ
ҧҧջû˵ʲôϾܹıʵ̫ջˣҲֲ𻯾Ķϻô롣
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ŵһ㶣漴ϾҪˣ
ͬʱطɢҲĿⶢ׼һƻĳ˻
Ҷ΢΢۾ԶһĨ⣬е֮ɫһ㻹ûƭңã²˳٣ߣ
˵գҶƸ̫ǵӰѸٵĻߵһĨ⣬Ѹʧ

ǺȷֵģҶƾǿҲôɣշŭ߬ȭͷЩϾܹԾɽ֮ڣȴû뵽ڹϾȻ·ɱ˸Ҷƣ
ҶֻӴޣЩŵˣˮ
Ҷ̯̯֣Ȼƽȴ̺һɲɵļ˵ҵģǿˣ
ʮֲƺûаѺźԱʮλʿС
ҶƾʲôôſȻ⣬δؾ㣡һɢ޷ŭĺ
ţҶ͵һͷλµɢޣ͵һ֣һɰĴ߶͵سǸʿȵķȥ
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ʿԴϢıҶƸѪӿ׶ߣ
ʿһ󺧣ҶƾȻֶ˵ãôϢη
ǺŵĶɫɫŭĺãλڴˣ͹֤ͬҶƵαףҲҪ£һϣɱ
˵꣬ŵЩ͵سҶƳһ˸ķ֮ӡ
ҶƿķЦһ˫͵ؼٵĻŭһ˲˸
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ƵҶߣ²Ƭ̾ͻᱻ̵ʣһ˿
ҶƲĺˣЩʿȻʲô֮飡
˼𻯾ĶͨûܸҶƶԿֻһѵĶֻһʿԴ˲䱬ըѪӿ


239 
д󺧣ҪĳźȥȴҶƺܿĿꡣ
ܣҶŤŤһ͵ȵϢ˲ҶƿֱϾ
Ϊ𻯾ʿڱҶɱϢ絽ʱ򣬲ıһҽжûо˲롭ΪѪңɢڿ֮С
оͰˣڱϢǰֱӱ飬Ϊҳ
϶ʱоһ漴˱紵ʮԶصĵһʯ֮ϡ
̧ͷֻо綼ĴץţѾɥʧ
ҸƴˣϷŭĵ˫ۣ͵سҶ˹е˲ʵʡ
ҶƵ˫ϢĶ˶ϵ˫һ׶εҶƵĻǻ˻̫ǵ˫Ŀ֮˲ʵʵĽɫâƺֱͬļ⵶˲ϵ˫
һ˶ʱվﲻ֪롣
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˫֮еĽɫ͵ȥ֮ǶҲſصĵƬʯ֮С
ҶʩչѾ׳Ϊһ׳գɥʧ˼˶ֱ˻Ҫܣ
ҶƿΧѾĵؽ磬΢΢һЦл̫ǵ壬һ𻯾ҲҶʲôҲ͸ӵĵӦ֡
ǽⲻ˸ɽҶƹһЦԾȥ
رҵˣҶ߬ȭͷЦ
̫˦˦ԴҲҶһͬȥ
ɽһ츣أǡһ޴ɽ̫䲻Գ괦ڻ谵ʪҲûĵط
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޹ǵ߽ɽ֮УҶƳױǰһĻˡ
öǧ飬˵صʲôطҶƿǵµԲ׶壬ϵķš
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⣬ı飡Զһִı飬۾ٴε
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Ҷ͵ͷһ뵽˹żеһأǧض㣬ض⣬ʮض̣ضΡ
ǧ鱾󣬴ﵽȻΪϡУÿһζ÷˲ٰ꣬ʿ޷ĺôʮصı飬ȫǴ˵޷
ʮصı飬ʳؾӡ˸ĺӡ꾫ֵĻʻСʿȥܹ̥ǣкܴĻ
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ʱҶһһϢ͸ӿڣʼڵѪ䴩У궼սֻδƻѪû˿ĸо
䣡
ҶƲʮʱڶӿڵıȻըһӴɲǼоͬһ籩Ѫˢ
ţҶһ䣬˿ֲѪǿ󶼸оһ˺ѵʹȻԣȴ㹻ˡ
κεĵϥԭأʢѪȻݶǹϢ˫ۣоǿȻ΢һ㡣
þ˵Ч
Ҷȫ֮ɫʱյҪǿȣֻмְ취Ϊףǡס
һЩǿȵҩҶƵ˿ãܸоһ˿΢Ҳ㹻ϲ
˷ܵҶƣһչװʮرʯ̽ȥ֮ǰʮı鱻ڡ
һ̣ҶһļⶼȻֵĿ䶯ƺһֻƤ²ͣδڵС
ҶѹſµʹȫǹɱϢʮϢ֮һЦݵ˫ۣ͸һƿɴգâ
ʮصı飬Чĺãϧһʯеʯվޡ
͵һȭȥɽ˲ζڴеһ״СԼ׵ʯӡ
֮Ҷ¶һ˿аЦݣּһڷĳһСʯһ
ֻһѿڿٵӣܿ콫ʯӺĴһСеı˴ڡ
Ҷ˷ޱȣѸٵĽıٴڣһ˲
˹ʺˣǴ꾫裬ʮ飬ҶʼĽĵ


240 
Ŵ֮ԾĿӴı飬Ҷƺһ֮ȼաô飬ɶԼˣ
̫ǿҶԹԵձ飬ҲƨƨߵĽУһܵӡ
Щȫڣ֪һΣҵΪʲô̶ȣҶһϥŴȥ
ཡ
Ҷƽʯӵ˲䣬ʯڵı鿪ʼǿҵķͬһðҶƵһ˲¶ʹ֮ɫҰ޵
ҶƵѾǱʯ֮аأ嶼֮С
ֻգۼ䣬ҶƸоӿڵĿˣΪ͵ĽҲֲסĳ䱻׳顣
ΪµĻںͷҶƵǿѵĹҲܲסĳԵĿڹͷӡ

ҶƲҽвϣоȫޱ޼ʵˣƬض⼷ѹš
дˡû뵽ֲ̫Ȼҵܲס
ҶͷһתҪƬֲ磬ȻĿƣɷӿȥһԭء
ۣڿѣƽѪҺڣֿٵصڵĹͷžž죬ǹͷѵڱ¿ٻָ
ÿһҶƶųʹ࣬궼ʹǰս
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Ҳ־ͣƵʹ࣬򻻳һʿ𻯾ףҲʹǰ˲
еıڷڣ˶ıһʹзĪı仯գۼҶһʱеıȴδ˿ļ١
ҶƵ񱻳ʱһһǸо˹죬ÿͼ䶼пµϢƺʱܱ壬ͷϷһŨİɫʮ׵ķΧŤ
ˣǰɫӵڷƬĹŵصؾһˮŨ˷޿ӳΪеһ
һʱܿȥҶϵǿңͷͲ֪˶ٴΣָֻ˶ٴΣһһ
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ҶΪµʹ࣬ʹʧȥ֪⼡˺޸ı鷴ƽû˿״
죬죬죬졭
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ʮ׷ΧɫӴѪʣγһƬƽ˵ռƬ𶯣еıҲһ롣
Ҷƣǿһ޷ĳ̶ȣֻ嵱ж͸һѹĿϢоǾһͷ˯еιޡ
ʶ۲죬ֽᷢҶƤĿռ䣬ʱΪӴ
ˣҶûƺռʱʧȥӦеΰһֱȥ죬ֱһӵѹʵ졣
ʮ죬һֱеҶƣ΢΢һ£ëζΣջû۾
ֻڣȻӿһɼ̤صΰһûһݿеӿɲǼɽһؽ֮ʧɫ
̾Ϣһ˲ܳŽ˫ĿҶƣ΢΢˵ԺĿںϵ
⻰ҶȴˣȻڽںǿб顣Ҳ˲ٴνҶʶ֮Уƴûг
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ÿһδĵӻֺ꣬˸оͬԴػģƬΪģ־ıƬƬأǬС
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ҶѸٵϲĴԼ壬֮й컯û뵽Ȼ̲ôر̽õ𻯾ףڴﵽˣ
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Щ鲢ҪرֻһЩƷˡĵȴԵôף


241 ʬ·
ʲôƷҶƾĺһͬСɣû뵽ôıȻֻǰƷѣ
ô˵ĻѾر׸жôˣ
뵽ҶͽȻһĻ棬˫ĿǶѨ
ϸϸ֪һ£棡Ҷƴﵽ𻯾׵ʶҲǿܹ࣬оһɵϢӶѨƮ
ѵر棿Ҷ˷ܲѣ͵һԾ˲ԾʮɣٵĳŶѨ̽ȥ
Խ߽ѨǹӴƺԽŨأҶǿޱȵʵҲоһ˿˿𾪡
⵽ʲôرȻ𻯾׵Ҷ𾪳ӣ
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ҲһʬˣҶ˫۽ĶǺɫԽ䱸
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ֻ𻯾ôѣӦÿԶԸĹҶƵ
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ˣҡʬڿ˵ˣ˻ƵЦëȻ·ӵӴһ㡣
ޣôҲǶһǿߣû뵽ȴΪ˲˹ģعͷԸҵʿǻҶƷŭĺ
ʬϸɱļʶ˼£һмı顣Ҿͽ֮ΪɣΪʬıʵûʲôÿġ
ʿ㡭ˣɣҡҪȡ桭ʬһһϣǣĸɱƤʮֵĿֲ
ҶȭͷҹǰʲôݣңעʬҲ㻯ΪɻңԶԶܹ̥ת


242 սʬ
Ǿ͡ûʵˣʬƺ˱󷢺
Ҷư಻סеļߣ͵һȥʮԶľգ۾͵ԭƺ˵ĲӰ
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Ҷ˿ȣʬ˿̿𻯾׵ʵģ˵ǰЩǲٷˣǴҲǷǳӴġ
ҪҶԺ䣿ҿɴû¹˭ҶһЦ͵س水ȥָſڿзХ̺Ӵ˲䳯ʬֱȥ
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ƶʬ͵ҡ˼£ҶǱǹӴľɣֱ֮һ֮С
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һε˲䷢Χռݣһѷ֮оԳ
ûκηӳҶƱоؿһۣޱǿҵʹ˲ϯԴſڱһѪ˵һǽ֮УԼ˰
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Ҷҧ̧ͷ˸ĺⲻȽҲȻѸתֻȻһոǽڴʱ
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׶Ѹٵĳʬȥ˲㶴ʬ壬ʬЦݲ̵ٴλָԭӡ

Ҷ͵غ˼˫ٴ˷ӡƺһӴͨΧĿռҲ˲úޱȣ̹ǡ
ȻҾ˲佫ȻɱɣҶ˫֮ѾɫĹâ֮һ˿Ц졣
Ҷƿл
ڴʱͻ
ʬ͵ؽ˫ۺݺݲ֮У˲䣬Ҷƽ¶ʱֻɫƣһץסҶƵĽ͵سȥ
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Ҷƴⲻ͵ؽ·ɽײ࣬ϾҪӡɵϵҲΪ;ʩϣӴɣ˲һڽɫѪ


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ʬЦЦǣǸɱƤ⣬ɿֲ
Ҷؿͬһǿҵţȥǵһ˿ɫѪҺҶĻ
ҽջ治ţǴģҶ͵غһӰͬһֻͻһ˹ȥڿѸٵչ͵һųʬȥ
ಣ
ƺʲôˣռ俪ѣ¶㯵ǳޱߣ
ҶƵƺ˻˸ŵĲõĽ⣬Զһ߳
һĽɫ͵شҶȲ˳ȥ͵ػһ޴ĽɫĽƣ͵سʬѹȶȥ
ʬս˫ȭǾ޴Ľɫƣֱֻ͵ſֻһýɫСУٶȼ죬ۻң
ۿǾ޴ĽɫƾҪʬѹͻȻʬеĽɫС͵ҡһ£һۿԿ˲һε˲͸Ҷڣ漴
أ
Ҷһ˫֮¶˼ɫһڽɫѪƺǲҪǮһ˲˺ԶǽɫĽҲϢɢ֮䡭
ǡ𻯾ķҶ˫۲ʵĵʬû뵽ʬʧȥǰͨȻܹʹǰķ
ֱⷨӹ˵ôҶƷŭͬʱ˫֮˲鲼õĽɫʵһ˲䷢ɫʬ
ͬʱ̫ҲҶܳһŭ𣬶ͷӡһɱҶƸӴͷųƺƵĳʬ
ʬŭĽһٴһҡеһӴ𵴳˲ײһռ˲Ť
Ȼûо޴ıը֮ǾԸʹԭܵƸӵء
ҶõĽ⼸˲㱻ˣûʩչĻᣬΪҶƵС˵̫ˡ
ۣ
Ҷ˫˲սɫѪۿ֮δδڵ֮ϡ˸һǿҵĴʹУ̲סľٴһѪήҵء
̫ǵɢĲƺݺݵײţռٴϢŤѿһĪ̫ǵɡ
໣
̫ǲҽһΧռʱޱȣǻǱ˻ȥ
ҲǱ鲼һ˿ѺۣȻҲǴ
ʬһЦƺںĺûֻżٵĿʼɱʮ׵ľգۼ㵽ݺݵһסҶƵĲӣ͵سŵ֮ȥ
ѵ
ҶƵͷ­֮УһɽȻҳһܴĴӡ
ʬһֻ˲仯Ϊ͵سҶƵؿͱȥĿռҲҶֻĿƼԼڡ
һ޻ĹâֳȻûеֵʬ೤ʱ䣬ǻҶ𻯾۵
أ
ʬҶؿڰ磬ȴҶƵļסˣΪһ¿ֱӹᴩҶؿڵʬסˣΪоⲢƤ⣬ǼӲʯ
ҶȻŹκһᣬ˫͵һţһȴת˲佫ʬ߷ɣ֮Ϸȥ
أ
ʬһײʯϣһҶѾ˳
ꡭҶƴڴŴпٵĶöƷҩƵģ漴˿ûֹͣ˫͵һŵ棬˲䳯ȥ
ʬӦǳٶۣڵĻûдʯͱҶһȭᴩؿڣ˳ʯһ¹ᴩһȵֱӳ˶˲䳯Ŵɽڲȥ
ɽĶͻȻһ֮бըˣһ޴Ķȥǳ죬ͬͨĵĵ·
Ҷ˫ץסʬ壬˦ȥͬʱ˫ѸٵĿʼӡʹһаħһ̫ʣһͬǼرһˣǿɾ͵òʧˡ
ҶƽӡǴ
ǽϵȫ͸ǸҪӡͿ˲ͷŵģҶƾ̶ֳȻԶúܡ
ৡ
Ҷʬٵң˫۾ĿΧ˫ֿٵĽӡ
زסʹϵżһȻѾըһ޴ĿӣĶܿĹͷ
ҶʹһסȫҪըѵʹУѸٽӡɣΧȫĺͬһ㣬ߡ
Ȼһɱ㣬ҾͽõĶУҶƷŭһӴϵ͵ӿɫĹâ˲ӿ֣鲼ɽ֮С
ʬһҽУ´ͷβ˲Ϊ˱飬ͬɽһ𣬱˱
Ҷ˿̿ʮΨԶɫǣһķε˿˿͸


244 Ⱥ
ʬñڱ֮УɽΪһ壬᲻ɴݵıɢŲõɫʮ
̫ؽ˼ѸһȳһյܵҶߣҪҶƵһƿ
Ҷ΢ҡ˼£һѪһ߼ҲȻը飬ɫѪҺ
˻
Ҷ͵سһһµڵϴڴڵĴŴһĨڣʹȥ
ֹܿͣ˴Ϣ˿֮ۿɼٶȻָţתۼѵĹѾĸԭˡ
űɱʬ΢΢ЦЦʬϣ߬ǽɫС
óһǿķҶƿСƷͷȻԽԼ̫ȫȥ䱾ʵҲС
ҲǱҾе߰ɣⶫ䵽ΣˡҶ˵һòƺǴȻɣЦ߹ȥ̧͵ؽʬ䣬ɾ䣬˿ˮ
ΪʬֱѾ˱Ժ׵ľˣƵϣ˲ˤ顣
磡
ҶŴ۾Ĳ˼飡𻯾ķȻˤڵˤ˸飡ͬǽֱۣԶ˱
Ҷסˣβһĭ⡭ļٵģ𻯾ķ
Ȼġ˵𻯾ķҲסǧĸʴϸոٴιʹãȻ÷˸ɡȻٴαĴ̼ȻôޱȡҲ֮С
ҶƿŽµ̾һģվġģôȡҲġûҪǿ󡭡
οܿЩ˵Ѿˡ
Ҷʼ磬һίޱȵĻ̫ǣŸʲô˵ţתﳤȥ
ѨǺģҶ˺ܾòڿԶһ˿⣬мѣرĹǴﴫģ
һ뵽ǳرҪԼУҶƵʱһ󼤶
Խ߶ԽСװ»̫ôӴԻֻ̫ѡСҶƻУصĽиͣ
ԽǰߣǹϢԽǿңҶҲԽԽ
ͻȻҶһŲȿգһӳȥʱʧءҶȴ͵̤֮ϣΪôˣ˭֪һȻ͵شҶͷ֣ӲĽҶٴѹȥ

Ҷƺһʱٵĳȥ
ˣ
Լ˼ӣҶصˤ˵֮ϣһȻ죬һҳ
âȻ΢ǿܹΧҶ̧ͷϷڶһƬԼӦôİɡ
ѵڣ
žǰرϢҶɫϲվҪǸȥɨܵʱȴͻȻסˡ
ҶƵĿתΪ˴ͣ漴ޱ޼ʵ֮ɫ
⡭⡭Ц
˳ҶƵĿɨȥ̫һеĿҲˣþֲƺǿ˼µ
ܺѹѹһƬȫһ̲̲ĺɫҺ壬۳һСϪⱾûʲôҶƿ֪ЩͨͨˮɶһЩʵʬ
ȻҶƵ˽һֱȴһ̲ˮˮܵģ쳣˷С
ಣಣಣ
漴Ǻüֱ͵شˮ֮Եޱȡ
˷ĺɫҺͬʱһ˵ĺɫɿݵֱۣ֮࡭
⡭⡭Ҷ͵һĭͫ͵طŴ

ٺٺ١
һ˵Ц漴ʬԶӺˮ֮ҶƸ̫ǽΧм䣬ԭͲĿռ˿Ե÷ǳСҶƸҲͲʮ׵ľ롣
Ц⡭ʲôЦҶֱоԼڲ֮ǰòϵɱһֻʬһ¾ͳֱֻʬİΧȦô
ֻʬ˫ĵѪɫӣĶҶƣëȻˡ
͵һҧҶ˲䳯ͷĶԾȥʵУƾ𻯾Ϊܻûκģ
䣡
һɹ͵ؽҶƵͷ䣬˲ٴصڵ֮ϣҶʹ
ȻһӲȥ
ʬ񿴳ҶҪܵ˼һ벽ǰһΧռʱһӴƣʬЦƺһݳţ˸о˵֮СǵЦԵĿֲޱȵĽ֣
áʵѪ⡭˻
Ҫ
ӴҺö


245 ȺŹ
Ҷ߬˫ȭŭĺһȺ;ɣ˵ţȭŭӭſ裬ŲõĽɫâҶƿ˲ʬȺбը
䣡䣡
޴ıըһȺҶеʬֱӷǣǸʬ֮Ļȳһ㳯Ҷ˹
ۣ
ҶһһֻĵؿڣѪˣͬʱٴΰ˺üǡ
ԭѾõĲҶٴˣѵˣ˷ǰҶʬҶһ廹ǽܲס˺ЩѪ

Ҷпռָ͵һ˸̨ƾճ֣ҶӰһĨѸС
䣡
˲䱬ըȫӻ̨棬ֻ̨΢΢ҡһ±Ρ벻ͬһʲʵǵɽ
ȺʬƺǷҶ˲ʧһŭţϵĳֹ̨޼¡
̨ڣҶƴڴϢţһµӡ
ģû뵽ĴʬϳȻôʬǿ𻯾˽ףҲ𻯾Ľסʬȥ𻯾ҶƸ̾
ɽڵʱֹǧ֮ãҹϹʱھӦôˣȻ𻯾ϡ٣ô𻯾ǿʬأ
̫صĴҶƻԾһ̨ڣһȻޱȵĺ档
ҶվѾָ߰˰ˣŵһѾȥӡդ޸п̾һλֵܣѾǱˣǿ԰Ϣ
˵꣬Ҷصĳһ
漴ҶֽĿŵ˵ڶӡ֮ϣ˵е𻯾ĵڶӡӡ𻯾ǿ߻ޡ
ߣʬΣȻҪȺŹǾͿһߵ˸࣬ǿɣ˵ţҶƺٴλָţͦصǵڶӡһִȥ
һڵĸо˲䴫ǹɷӡҶ˲յդ֮ϵӴȫʧ١
漴һ˴ѹ˲ǵصֹդ˲顭ҶҲƴɺԶ
ǿƣҶ۾һ̲ס̾
ЩɶԼ£ԼʵǿȻǷǳֵ˷ܵ飡
ͻȻʮӰդ߳վһţһ϶ѱɫеĸĴǣһмһ˵ӡ
ʮޣҶϸɨЩޣ
Ϊ׵޹ĳҶƾһͬʱ˵ͷʾԼöҶ˵Ļ
Ȼʮǻ۵ޣٴɨЩޣҶƷһȤ顣
ʮվһţΪ׵һͷ״ޣţӡߡһֱ
׵ʮФ
ҶһþǲǰϼҵϵʮФ
ϾͭţͻЩѵ۳һʱϣЩ𾪵
ʲôϣҶƿʮФޣвЩ˷ܣЩ޿ɶȫԼ
ʱһ֧ɵϣʮֻޣȫǻ۵ģÿһ𻯾ʮףƾϼȻʤ׵ǿߣʵ̫˼ˡǵҲɴ˵Ϣʧˣû뵽Ǳץ̨֮СҶ渵
Ҷһڿˮܹʤ׵˵λ棬Ѿ޵еĴôû뵽̨˾Ȼ˵Ĵֱʣ
ˡǱѺô꣬ʵȻ˲١Ҫﵽ̶ֳȻ˰ɣʱǵʵҲ𻯾׵߽ס弼ܹʤ𻯾ʮ׾Ͳˡ
Ҷϲʱ͵һˮ
ҶЦݶʱϣݵġʮФлǼѡ
໡̫ǻĿЩޣţȴҶһ˻С
ûʲôϵʵ˻ͷҶô˵ţĿתЩޡ
£ҿԸɣҶƳŵһһٵ
ЩȻҶƵĻһɣʵ̫ˣ͸֮ǰֵһ㣡
ҶƺĿǣҲ֮ǰʲô֣ӽԺǵ־ͽʮФô
Щҡͷԣ˵ʲôĲҪֻҪܹɣһжֵˣ
ðʮФһսɣҶЦЦ˫͵һ˲ʮФҶ֮У֮ǰͬǣҶ˫̺ޱȵĹâ
ҪȺŹôҷ㵽ףҶȵһЦԵʮָ䡣


246 ʮФ
ʮФվҶߣӵĴЩʬȻʵ˲٣ֻ𻯾߽ףǶԸЩʬǴСˣ
Щˣһǰǵļֵû뵽һ˾ȻӦԼɣ
ֻҪսʤⳡսͿԵõɣڰյ֮дǧǶôĲŰ
֨֨֨ϾһƺڷԸЩޣϸָָָ㣬еӲ
ͭţ͵غһΧʱһӴÿռĴѣʱļֻʬԶԶɡ
ͻ͵سǰ˻һ£ë˶һɰ֮ɢš
ʮФƺȫս״ֻ̬ҪҶһ£ԻΪҵս
սɣҶ˫˸Ĺâһ˴Ż̫Ƕʱͬҵļһ㳯ǰʬȥӴĽɫâϣһȭ͵ؽǰʬ嶴
𣡡
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֨֨֨
̴ٵĽʮФµѪʱʮӰѸٵĳ˳ȥռ𵴣һɹǿҵĳͬݿһ㽫Χռ飬ֱ񷣡
ʮӰʱͬȺһ㣬Ͼ޳ָ˲仮ڶʬ壬ЩʬҲ֮лΪһ̲̲ˮ
ͭţһײͳ׳ʬȺ֮УӴӿʼļ̤ڶʬһĶ
ͻֻ·ɣһҵΧʬķɣһ𣬻ƺӵľˡ
ʮФʩչӴһʱ߸ɫâ˸յ۾һӴĴɢΧɽҲѿһѷ졣
ҶƳ첻ѵһ·תʱǰʬ׺飬ӴĽɫâ˸ţ˲òâ
̫˿ʮФŭĳ˫ۣȻ츳ͨЩʬûôǿ壬һʬĹǲУǲϸܵ۷ǳˡ
𣡡̫üӴƣ˲佫ǰһʬ飬漴ҲԱߵļʬУ˳˺Զ
Ҷһ˫Ѹٵʲôӡкɫâһء
и
Ҷ˫֮϶ʱӴĺɫâ˫֮ϣΪһ޴ĿԸƿռĺɫǰЩʬҶɭɭЦЦ

Ҷ͵еĺɫâ˲ͬһ͵سǰɨȥǰĿռʱϢı룬Ƭɫ⻪ҡ
ǰڶʬϢıҶƵĺɫ˲أ˲仯Ϊ˺ˮһ󾪿ֵϴЩʬ
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Щʬǰɶ𻯾˽ҵʿҲֻ䵽ˡ
ҶһǴи˲佫ʮʬնϣݿһſռѷʧ
ʮФȷǿֵĹ֮£ЩʬƺԵôޱȡתۼֹһʱ䣬ֻʣ¼ʬڿ֧ˡ
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ҶƿͷҪݵҶЩսپϾرûȥ̽飬һʯ֮ǿô죿
Ͼ˵ͷ֨֨˼ٶȸӵѸǹӴϢ˲
Щʬ·оΣգһĳ߷˹ȻǰʶǻۻԶԶЩġ
䣡䣡䣡
ХĺڹӼʬʱҶ֮ӿһˣҶ˲ĺ˼漴ʮФݺݵͶȥ
ʮФɢĻһеɢΧҶϢֱʧһƬõ˸Ų۾
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Ҷſ۾ʱѾǰһĻˣɽѾʧ٣ԭڵص׼˾Ȼֱ̧ͷ̫
ʮФվһϴŵɫǰļʬͲ֪˷ɻƮȥˡ

Ҷ̾ĹʤҶǿĹһаħһҲǲУ
ʵѾռλķˡЩʬôǰѾ˷ҲڳΪʬͷųġ


247 ֮
ҶһǰʮФĺܺãҶ˵㻰ӽԺѾˣ
˵ţҶƸ̨֮ܵһ޵ϢЩʮФķӡֻнݻ٣ǲܹĻɣ
Ҷ˿ûκ͵ʶϢ
ͬʱʮФȫҵĲ
ˣڴɣˣ
Ͼж˫֮зỨ֨֨֨˼֮󣬶ҶҾʮһҲҶҾ
ˣѾָ֮׷ǵĿȥɣҶЦ
ʮФ˵ͷһ˲գڿɵİţ˲ѾʧҶƵ֮С
ҶһΧ⵽޴ƻĵΣϣڷɱʲôӲźã
̫ƺܲԼʵʮФͷצӲϵڵš
ĵĶҶƵǷߣѵĽƴְ벻ʿǲõˡô
Ҷ˫ֱԺ󣬵ģôأ֮ǰѾӦǵģ¾ܹɣôʳأ˺ܶ࣬ЩվɣֻԼʵҪ
οû뵽Ȼô롭
ˣ̫ǣĥĥˣȥѰҳرɣҶƼѵɨܣѾոʮФѾﵽ򼶱ľݻˣҲ֪رڲˡ
ͻȻҶƽüͷչָһЦûˣ򣡿رûʲô飡ߣ
ϣҶƳǸ򼲳̫صĸں桭
ʦطĻرôһʵ
ȻˣŵķոյľըûƾǼʿΪرɱ䣬ʦͽ˴˿ǰȥܹ𵽱ˣһϵ˿ȴβסϲζ
ʦǰ桭ˣǸ𣬴һ˿ɻ
ߣץסر䣡Ǹϵǰһڹŭĵͺ
ಡ
Ӱ˲䵲Ҷǰ⼱ٷɿ쵹ҶԾһ¡
λѡҶ˸Ҿ
ʲôƨѣСӿʮر䣬ǣ˷ŭĺ
ʵȻ𻯾ףԱʵɲ⣬Ҳ𻯾ף
ոʮФһɱˣҶƴ˿ĵʵ̫ˣǿҲЩŲסˡڿ˵·ʱѾѸٵĳöҩ
ԭҲǳرģҶ۾ϲɫѸٵĻָʵ
ãСʱ䣡߿ҶƵӣͺһ͵һָһӴֱӴ͸աȽСץסȻٿóʲôӣ
Ҷ˫һɣս⼱ٵһ̣սһ㣬Яױȵƿ쭶һȭ˸Žɫ棬Ѿӭȥ
ߣǾȥɣ
ȫҶƹţ˵
䣡
һȭһȭƱɱһȭ
䣡
ǿϮǼ֮ϣ֮ݺݵײһ
꣡
ѣ
Ѫɽ
Ҷһȭ֮£ֱӷˣߵ˫۹ĳѷ죬վûжѣһȭҲѪ࣬ķ˸ʹѵθͬߵķײ౻ƽĶɽ֮ϡ
ɽƽ쳣ƽͬһ㣬ײ棬ҳһӣʯ𶯵ɽҡ
ʦ𣿡
˾ͬʱ͵һųҶƹ
ǲҪһأҶ͵سǰܳ˺ü׵ļ࣬ҶƼ̤Ѿת۶ţ۽ˡ
û뵽ҶƾȻҳǰӳѸ٣ջ߳һţҲƾоֱӶ׼ĳһƣһƵǿޱȣҫ֮ԡ
أ
ҶƸҵײһǣǿˡ
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Сɽ˲룬ߴŭĴû뵽ΪбҶƸӣȻҲסһһֵӡҶƻ
ӡڿγһ޴ûĴƣԼʮ׸ߣҶɽһĺХ
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ƾҵײһ䣬ҶƱ˺ü


248 Ϲ
ҶһҧһֻҲȥҫĽ͵ػӻȥÿĳһƶХ֮õĽɫâĽһһµĻǸ޴İɫơ
ɫҶ˫ĻӶ֮£ԼԼЩȻҲ֮ǰƣ𽥵СҶƴһһȭҳҲޣΧռ¡¡Ĵ𵴣Ҷƽ¹ӳס
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͵һѪŵŵŵĺ˺üһ˼ĿҶƣֻǻ˻壬ûкһ

һߵĴ𣬴ԶʯͻȻһӰٶ죬Ҷһֲ
ǸӰһ㻮ʣȫǿΧݺݵײҶƵ֮ϣҶ¶û֮ɫû뵽˻иˡ
أ
ҶƱһײʮԶֻоؿھѹһСɽһ㣬ʹĴݺݵڵĦ˺Զͣ
ûҶֻоۣƤѾˣֻƤ˶ѣʹҶƵؿڣոձһؿڣڻۡ
ѪЧȻǸǵģҶϵҲʼѸٵĻָţԭ𻯾ĵ۾͸ҶƵ˾޴ĳЩƤҲܿõˡ
ҶĴһոյĶԴ˿̲ɵٴӽмöҩ䡣
ģսپ̫ǣһȥ죡ҶƷ޷޵³һĭ
̫ǼæǰҶվһע߸ꡣ
໣
Ż̫һ˻ʱǲʳһǰȥٶ̫죬һĻӰֱֱĳߡ
ҶҲ˲һһ̾ѾǰЦһȭ沿ȥ
һҪ̧ܿͷȴĸҶ˫ˡ
ɫĹâӿ˲УһԭҪܹĶҲͣԭء
Сʲôô߷ŭĺԼȴ̫ǽزסˣڲȥӪꡣ
ɫĹ˲յ͵ϣֻ͡һԴʱͬһҶһȭ򱬣
Ļ˲ŷҲҿҶƶÿ죬ȻҪմȾһ˵ʡ
أ
һŽǾͷʬ߷ɣҶ΢΢˴ͷ̫Ǹսеݱ
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ź˫ֲϵĽӴͨĳֹķӳ˵̫ӲޱȣҲǳ˺ܴĿ
Ҷһ󣬵͵˲õĽɫâ˲ĳպȻ飬ӴѹǺˮһкȥ
߷ӳɲʬֻͨĹһͨͨʿʵҪȸ߽׵ʬҪѶԸ
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Ҷһ͵ػȭӭȥ
𻯾ķҶҲĽһȭ飡
ҶƵǴɽС׼ףҶƵȭͷȴñһ޴һ㣬˲˴ɽĵײһȻ죬ȵĽɫ˲佫ɽѡ
һ𻯾ķôҶһȭˣ
̫صȥ֮ɫҡҡͷ֪ɳֵĻᱻҶƺݺݵһ١
ҶӰ裬ڿѸٵһٴγ߳ȥ
һҧѾõķ͵سҶƻӻֻһ㣬һйĺһƥƣһȻƺǴһ˿ռķ
ֻһ˿ѣǽһ˿ҶƸоĥ֮С

Ҷֻоǰ˻ܹԼǣѵѸٳԱȥͬʱнһһɫĳζɱӰͱҶ˳ȥ
ȥҶƵͺһ˫Ѹٵ˸ơ
ಣ
Ŀɿڴ֮Ѹٽסȫµͨȫʧ٣ǻӻȥĺҲûȥˣ˲֮УһȻˣֱ
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249 Ϲȥ
ҶϷʵɫ߻סãĴ֮
ǧ׵ĸ߿գһĲôˤȥǿ϶һǵ³һ𻯾׵ʿǴϵˤˣǿǻ֮
Ҷһ߱סˣĳȥԺХһŵ˻
ȻôԴң߷ŭĺҪȴεסˡ
ҶЦſǲ϶ȥӰƲƲ𻯾ĻˤĻôʶ˶ڸύġ
磡쵰ӰѸٵٴ½˼ףۿ滹в׵ľ룬ǰԽԽĵ߻¶̲סĲѵһ𻯾Ҫôֱӵˤô

ߵ˫֮˸ſ־ɫɸһš
ܹѡԸҵڵУҲԸôıˤ
㣡߲гɱҰɣ
ҶһۣѸٳ½ȥЦźϹǲǳ˿־ζ
߾ֻвˣǻʣһֱ֧Ӿͻʺˡ
ಣ
ؼʱ̣ͻȻϢɰ˲仯һ·ɻҶƵС
͵һ㶣ѾָеĶֻǧ֮һ˲˼ķӳ͵Ư˰֮УӲֹס½ơ
˿棬˿̾Ӳĵֻвʮ׵ľ룬ߺĶѾ亹ʪ
ÿֲֻǲһ㡭ͣµ˿ĭ߬˫ȭŭĶҶƣ˫֮ܵĻ档
㡭ȷ͵ſںͬʱѸٵţҶƵķȥӴͨռ䣬Χ顣
Ҷһ˫֮ӵĹâ˲ΪʵʵĽɫâ˲ͻߵ˫ۡ
ʵ𻯾ףͽܣֻ𻯾׵ΪҶƵȻ˲佫ͽܵɢǶ˵ȴǶô׵飡
˫͵һգ漴һɸǿ˫֮ķҶƵС

ҶƵͺһ͵غ˼˫֮нɫѪòҡ
ߣ߲õһѪߵȻԸϷ򣬹ǲ֪
Ҷǿ۾սȭͷҪ׼͵ϮͷĻ̫ǰ˰֣ʾҪ֣Լ͵طӰһ㣬ڿ˲˸漴һ޴Ľɫȭͷôӻȥ
һ˫۳ӴƣϵĴռҶƵһ
Ҷ˫͵ز֮Уֻ˲¡죬һӴСɽ˲俪ʼӣֻգۼѾ˽ʮѾס⣡
ܵ䱾ʹһ¾ȻӲȥ֮
ĺɫӰڲϵţǧ׵ĸ߶ȣ
Ӵһɽ壬ôεض
Ҷƴ͵ؽ˫ִӵ֮ϳ漴޴ĵƤҶ˳ѸٵĳöҩѸٵľ׽š
ৣ
Ҷ˫ѸٵĽӡдȵ̩ɽѹ
û̵Ľ䣬̩ɽѹҶۿͷŵľ΢ѧƤë˿̵̩ɽѹַģĶѣ̽䡣
Ҫ֪ʮʩչǿǾ춯أƺضûģ
ȻҶʩչŻôһ㣬ǲСģһżǿͨˣ
ߴһѵ̵ˣ̺ûôôʵģ˵ţߺϸĵ˼һᣬžĽеѵ
Ҷɫ԰׵һûнӻ͵ؽǸƵɽ峯ѹȥ
еľ˲ôϢĽ˭֪ģ
˵ţ͵һָһ˲֮кȻը죬ɽ¡ȥ
Ҷһҧ˲˸ٶƺԽ˿ռԭơߵƸ̩ɽѹײ˲䣬ҶƵĸ첲˲͸סߵĲӡ
𻯾ףΣҶƱУǸ߹һ㣡
Ѫɫ߻ȴ˵
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ͬʱƲĿʼײ̩ɽ˲䱻ߵǧƬɽ龰ò׳ۣ


250 ̶
Ҷһ˫ȥ˫֮Ѫı۾
·ɿë׶̰ĺʵϢȻѾÿӿݵˣҶƲһ֮Ĵ
̫ʮֲʵİҶƿţ±ŵҶơ
˵رϡ٣Щ־ڻ̫ǱɢƣԻǰȫģǷ²ȫ϶ʦͽˣһ˭û뵽Ҳڹϸϵ
Ϣ˺ܾãҶϵҲ౻Ѫ޸ϣٴվʱѾˡչһ壬ѭرϢ֮ٴηӶȥ̫ҲСҶƵĻС
֪˶ãҶǰʯѴڷһ̶̶ˮ̶ˮȻҶ֮УҶǡñҶƺˣȻȻ¶˳
̶ˮһƬǼֻǴ˿̶ˮԽǹɸоԽӵǿҡ
ĸо̶ˮʮ
һԥҶƵ˵ͷֱԾУӿ̶Ǳȥʶһ˲ſܵһо۵ס
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һҶǱ˴Լףµ̶ףһƬȻʶǿ˵ظߵΧ֮ȻԶԶʮ
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̶ֻһƬûκεϢ˸оЩˡ
ҶƲ˿⣬ʶоûзʲôǼȻرǾһΣգνΣ棬̶׶Ȼʲôûзֵġ
ҶϸţȻˮ̶ܾʯڣ·һˮ̶
ԣһʲôطҺˡҶƽšüͷʶһϸš
ʱСӻǴĿԣȻҲ㲻ż̶಻ǶϲصĽ𣿡
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ɲǼ̶ˮһĪǿз˿γһˮµȣ̶ˮһ޷ӿС
滷ˮҶǰϵӣһ쵽֮⣬һ൱еʯ
Ҷжʱоޱȣĵȥ֮С
˵ײʯ幹ɵ֮⣬߶ǳʷ״̶ˮмп鲣һһ㣬Ҷ̽̽ûʲô
Կ϶Щ̶ˮǱһĪˣڡ
ˮǽƺ͸һ㣬ԼԼĹ룬Ҷ۾ϵĳǰ̽š
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ƺʮֵƳҲƺͨĵ֮УֲɭëȻ
һֱߵͷҶƲŷǰһڵĺɫĻƺ˸ĹʣǹرϢд
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һѾˣһٴγȥһ߽ȻǹӴѹٴν٣ͬһ߲ʵɽǰصѹһ㣡
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ҶҧŭĺƺѾҧϳѪ͵̤ǰһȶ
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ǹӴѹٴҶը죬ͬʱҶʱѿɫѪضǡ
Ҷ͵һ㱻Ӵѹȥǿ֧סԼ壬ٴ̤ǰһƺѾߵż
һ㡭ͣҶвϵľʾԼ
أ
һɱȸոոӾ޴ŷȵҶ͵һѪ˫۳첼Ѫ˿Ϊˡ
ҾͲˡҡܱסҶٴ̤ǰһ˫ȭ߬Ľģҧгݵôܱ㡭סءҿǡҶƣ


251 
Ե޵еܹͨŷǿ⻰Է顣Ҷڼᶨ֮󣬲øף˫ץסżϷһļѵĳȥ
꣡
ץżƺѾҶӴ飬ҶƵҲ޴ѹѿһѷ죬˵ɫѪ
ҶƷŭ۾Ѿͨһˣͷ岻ϵĳŲš
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Ҷĳǰһ̫𾪣ûпƺýµľһ͵ؽ̤һ޴ӣ쳣
һһĽӽƯڿеĹ飬ҶҲԽԽȣȻ龿ʲôܹӴ֮иܵĵһϵļأ
ϵҶȻƴ½ļ󳬼ţ꣬Ҳֻһһϵͬҫֻϵѣ
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ҶѾܵǾһ˷ҶƸҿ϶ŵĶһһǳõĶ˵ǴĹ屦
һǡ
ҶѸ˻ȥǹ飬зڲѣر˿̾Լˡ
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ϲӦǼҪϢһ飬ܿǰı飬ڵ˵ȻڱķԽ̵㣬Ƕо飬һûа취ָʲô˵˵ϵĹ屦
ҶƸտʼ˵ʱһʧԽ˵ȥ˫֮еĻҲ͸ȡ
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˫ۿǹ˲䣬һɼĽɫ˲ҶƵУͨĴֱӴҶƵ

Ҷƻ²ϵĲţ鴤ţľʹ޷侲
ȻҶѾһ׶ΣȷҪȱ˸̫̫߳࣬Ź飬ƺȻСӸһ㡭
һҶƿԿ϶û꣬ôıɫâУôٷְٻ˲ɰ׳գԻᱻɢ
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ҶƲ۾˫֮ٴɫѪΪˡ
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ҶƿЦĵǰ˵һ˿ܹԼ𻯾ܵĴôǰ˵ǶôǿĴأ
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ˡġ𣡡Ǹٴ𵴵ҶһҵҡΣ̲סһѪ
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252 
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΢΢üȱҶǰȷǳΪܸоûбĶ⡭Ҫ̫š
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Ұɣһ֮Ժ볤ʱ򣬻ȥܶѺ衣еģǾһҪҵĴУҵҸʹǾǣѪʥ٣Ĵߣ㶼Ҫɱסô
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ĥãҶƲŵ˵ͷãҴӦ㣡Ѫʥĸɱ޹ôһֽͷ­ն£
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ҶƵ۾ԽԽԼؾؿʼŤеʼɢ
ҪԾֻأͱĹֻĹſֻءһеһУһֻء
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˹򡭡ȦӡӴ֮ҽһ;֮ûκ裡ȵʲôʱɹ˳ҲʲôʱɹƿʱռĹ򣡡ҶƹЦ
̾һƺΪҶ̾
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253 Ϲ
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һ͵ҩ㹻ˣӦһüǮû뵽ȫ¾ȻȥҲãʣһȫԽŵҩ͵⡣һЦ
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֪ôҴҵĸ·Ƿʲô˵ĶأҶƻ棬һۿսڵĲƽƺżΪı
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һ˲䣬ҶƵЩˣûƺøˡ
һ֦¶㣬ɽϳҶƿԼ˼ĺĿ˶ճյ
ǣԭʮ˸е⾳ȴ˲䱻һ˴ˣһʮִ³𣺡ţʦ΢Цأ
һɤӶʱΧٵʿһǵ첱Ӵֵĺţʲô㣬Ƕ΢Ц
Сǲᰡ
Ϊ㲻ɣ
ҶεĲм䣬˷ֿλ̨ǲҪ˺Ϊá
ǸЩӷ׵һʵλ̨ոʦǶЦһ£Сӷ˵ǶòҪ桭
ƨǶңǸݵ겻ʾĺ
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Ҷ˼ЩЦɡȻǶΪѩޱڶ΢Цؾǰȥڨ˭ܹѩޱעΣ
Ӷʱ¶ɫӵ˰ɣֵܣǲ֪ʦԸЩˣÿһ¡
ҶƴڣЦȻǾͿҰɡ
ŵ˰ɣֵܣˡʦɲЩ˿µġ
Ҳǵ˵ͷֵܣҺ˵㣬ܹʦЦһ£Һ󸻾ɾ㡣ʮȦ֮дһӲŵĸо
ûнеȻר־Ķ̨ϣȴͻȻһӰվʱס˺ö˵Ŀ⣬ʱһЩ˳Թ
ιǰģûнأʲô
£㵲ˡ
ҶҲţҲһ˿Ҹ΢Ц̨ϵĿ˶ޱһˡ
Ȼ󣬵ȴڳըÿ˵У·ڶһ㡣
˶סˣڱĵӡ˶ŤͷŵĶҶƣڳŮˡ
ԭϹŷܵ΢Цѩޱ˲̡æվתͣҶϡ
ѩޱ촽͵ض˼£૵㡭ˣ
ҶƿߵĹڣһһŸ̨֮ȥϴҸ΢Цǰһˡ
ոյ˲Ϊʵھƣ۵ʱһĴ
ѩޱ˲һж׵˾⣬˲䳯ҶƳ
Ҷ΢΢һЦű۱ȥ
Ŀ֮£ҶƽĽѩޱӵڻСŮеĿ㡢˧Ȼһԣһ˫
ѩޱҸı۾ҶůּʵĻ
ҶƱŻеĿ˶˼ǧ૵ޱԺٲôѹˡ
ϣӵһʱڶӶԼ
ҡͷЦСϲôų
֮˸żСģǻˣ
󸻵ŵľ޴ˣ˫۴ͶƺڻζŸոԼµԣڣƺˣ
ԡԡԡˣҡҡҸղţʲôû˵ɣˣǡҶƴʦ֣󸻿Աĵӣǿһ˿Цݡ
ǵҲعɾ㡣ʮȦȻʦ֣ˣ
Ҫ


260 װ
ģӽԺҲζˡҶѩޱҼ㣬Ǹ
ô˵Ҳ֪۲ǳһ㻯ǿۣкʵʱͻһԾΪȻΪƾܹε˩סֻЩ̨ʩչӵĿռ䡭ѩޱķҶƶĶ̵һλ˳Լɷ򡭡
ˣ򸴺
ҶһĪԵۣ˫۾ôĺסѩޱĶ׹ǿײϵֱŪѩޱ̡ͨ΢΢ĲţɬĽͷҶϡ
𡭡ôˡѩޱ̵
ҶưԵĽѩޱڻУ˫͵ɨӹ˵ĹϯƺӴ£ںɽ֮࣬עӹĵӽԶоԼһŢ֮أ԰Ρ
ҶɨȫеĵӵĺĸоԼҶ֮Ĳ࣬Ѿкܶ˲µҶƵˡ
Ǹս𻯾ħʹߵҶƣҲɾײβĴʦ֣
ͬҲѩޱڶĵ¡
ôˣΣҿ˭Ҷ˵һлҶһѩޱһֻסϸ۵Ĳһִֻ䣬һһĳǰȥ
ΧһһҴ¾һɰ¡
ʱ䳡ѻȸţֻҶһĽŲ
ҶѾ𻯾ʵˣѹԼĽŲȫûС
ѩޱ۵ĵҶƵĻУһһŵ˿̷·ҲҶƻѱĹԹԵСߵͷ̧
վ̨ϣЦݵĿˣ·ͬԸ⾪ɷ˵ĳһ㣬ֻǵ˵ͷʾ⣬˴Ĵָ
Ҷ֪˵ĺ⣬ƾЩ˵ĹϵȥݷҲ٣ʱת峯һƫȥ
ƫȻǹϢס޵ĵطǸոЦָҶƿġ
ĺ⣬ҶȻᡣգգ۾һס˵ӡ
ѩޱͷҶƻУС¹ײ֪ҶҪȥֻ֪Ŀ֮ҶƺסԼĶˣԺô˰
Ҷǲô࣬ԴӸѩޱȷ˹ϵ֮˾һֱûʱܹǺܶ鷳ϣյÿԣȻҪúõĲһѩޱˡ
ڱôǶȥɡô
ͻȻҶƻһë׵СԴ˳صĽţڴɫ˲佫άѾõ⾳״顣
ҶƷŭѣ˫ֶżˣֱſһҧס˻̫ǵĲӣһŤͷԶԶ˦˳ȥֻһֵļС
ƫ֮ڣҶƱĺˡ
װμݻһ㶼鳾ߵĴ۱ֻһ˾סƫѰ
뷿֮ڣҶƲԭѩޱĹ뷿ǽ汻õʮƯǳġ
һž޴磬߻ʣյĵյܵȼţڽԶӳԡ
ҶĽѩޱԴòǼ˵ӣһеȥѩޱЩţҶƵͼ֮¸ҵľͣҶƺݺݵİһ𡭡


261 Ĳ

Ҷ˸磬վ·˯ѩޱ΢΢һЦӳ¶뱻棬Ȼ֮˸
ҶһǼ㣬΢΢һЦ˳ȥ
ϢҶʶѸɨţﵽ𻯾֮ʶɨķΧ
ܿܵڵλã͵شգѸٵĳǸطȥ
ڶ೿ĵĿɿڴĿҶӰ૵𻯾ǿٻҪʦָʦҪǿ
𻯾ǿߣɾ⣡һӿ޵
ֻʵܹʦ㰡һʿҡҡͷ۵
ѸסҶŽȥѾˡ˫۽գҶԱ߾ĵȴţƺһ㶼żӡ
˰Σϣ۾ЩСģĺþòû뵽ʵѾԶԶ˦ˣ
ҶԴЦ˵ʲôأ磬ŵ㣬ƾʻܹ׸ϳң
ô˵Щõĵʵ绹ǺģƶⱲӶϲĽŲˡ𻯾Ľ׵Ϊĵ㣬ҲѾ𻯾׵Ϊ˰ɣ
ҶƵ˵ͷвΪٶȸе𾪡
ô̵ʱ䣬Ȼܹô𻯾Ľףٶ˿ȷŵԼ϶١ʣʵһ
ˣ磬кöҪ㡭ҶĴӿռָ֮һҩһƿװ飬֪ھҪʲôģЩҪ£
۾һ̲סޣ飿⡭ôõģ
ΪڴߣȻҩҶƸ߳üΡҶϲȫҩܹԴ
ܱΪǱĶȻܲȥҶ΢΢һЦ磬ϲͺá
㶵ĿеĶβһĭ˵ʵǲģҪ߶磬ǴŪģ
Ҷ̾˿磬㻹Һ㲻ɣİɣЩ·
ŰɵĴ򿪱ƿţ͵رþ㵸飬ҩıޣôص綼˼أ˵ţѸٵĽԼĿռָ֮Уٶȼ죬Ҷ˲䶼һ˿㱵ɫ
Ҷ΢ЦĺˣҼȻ͸㣬Ȼᷴڡڴ磬ﻹȵǵʱ͸ǰɡ


262 
ƺǣҶ΢Ц²˳٣Ϳ콫Щ˰ɣ㻤ȵЩٺúõĴһ
Ҳ룬ҲǣҶưæȷҪȫöࡣ
˫ȣӿռָ֮óװСƿӣ࣡һοƿһɳǵ漴ǳͷβı䣬ƺܹڵѪΪ̡һ̰ĽԶԼıǿס
ζ㣡ü˵ѸӽһƿһȫԼУһȫȥ
ڱ˲䣬Ưһ㵭Ľ⣬漴ⱻɫĹâǣɹâ㲻Ҳھսš
ĺԲô׾ܹյģŰϢϵҳ壬ľѣҿڽնԶΪⱣ塭
ꡭ
Ͽʼһ˴Ƭı¶Ѿһ㵭ɫı
Ҷ˺һ۾е磬Сһѵġ
ȻȻϴһ˿ʹɫˡң뵱Ҷʮı飬ͷըĺüⶼǿ񱩵Ϣɵġ
Ͼûа취ʮıȣϢҲ˺ܶࡣ𻯾ĽȻǲףҲܵʲôʵԵ˺

һϵıʼڻ䣬һ𽥵ĸǡ
΢ЩŤҲ࣬ǱѾԶϡ
أ
ĪһһӴͽȻⲻҶҲ˼֮Զ
ۿҲֻʱˣҶҲ˿
໣أ
ͻȻ̫ǷŭĺҶѻ̫ԶԶĶ˳ȥ֪ôˡ
ƿ߳ȥҶƿֻаƴĻ̫ǱһɫŮа棬ŮҲʵǿ󣬻̫Ҳ׵ŭ
СǿɰأŮĵЦа׵ָڻ̫ͷһ㣬һ˲ΧӲ۾ɳ
ɺҶ΢΢㵵ɺô
ɺȻǺϻڵĴʦ㣬ĵĵϵˡһκϻŽӰˡ
Ҷ߳ɺüҲһѸٻָ˵Ц⣺Ҷѡôร˼ˣԭɾˡ
ɺʵɰҶҲ΢΢˵ͷɺеĻ̫ǣӳ˫ȴһ˿ˬɫƺ˸һֺõ飬ֻûбֳˡ
ҶѶսħŵʱֻ޳ɣɺ̫ǵԴЦǲأ
ҶЦɺˡ֪ɺк⣿
ɺһ˿ߺ죬ѰġˣҶƴ֮Ҳ¶Цݡ
簡ڱչأҪһʱܳˡɺﲻסЩʱհɡ
˭˵ڱչأһ漴űһײһӰ˲ɺǰ棬
˼һ˾ӵӣȿȡɺ
ҶЦҡҡͷ֪ԼҲݣЦЦȥ
磬֮ս˵ţҶƺݺݵ˻̫һۣ
̫ŵһͷ͵شɺѳѸһ³ҶƻС
λġġҶЦȥˡ
ҶȥɺЩԹĶ磬ǴӦҵģԺҪȥҺϻͣסЩʱգôȥôûϢ
ƿԣȷǰˣֻһתһơ
ɺҶƲҲûй˼ʲôˡ
㲻֪֮ԳٳٲȥѰ㣬ԭһֱҪһһϲ
รɺת촽ǺЦֻҪҵģʲôҶϲ
ӿռָ֮ޣĿɺɺҪŰޡ
ɺ˫һ£ճյĿ޵ǡҩ
Ժǵģɺ㲻ΪѰҩ˶ٹ򣬻˶پҪ⡣ҡ
ɺа׵ָæ촽ߣ˵ˣ˼֪ˡ
пЦҲô츳ġ


263 Ǿս
û뵽磬˱㣬ջǵ𻯾ףҶ¶˿˿΢Ц
Сİ㻹Ĵﵽ磿Ȼ֪ʵ㣬һҲֻǿһ֮Ĳѡֳڽն񽣣һ˿Ц
ȻˣǾսɣҶ˫֮бӴֺս⣬˲˿ռ䣬һļ
սɣ
֮ҲͬʱΧӵĿռ䡣
Ӵ䳡˵֮䣬Ȼվڽն񽣻ûһӴĽ⣬߾ͷձ׺ݵնɱȥԪ𵴵෭ȥΨһ
𻯾׵ʵƺܹնһУԶЩΧ۵ĵһоѡ
ؼƺΨҵһ
ȻĽ֮ǰ˾޴ĸı䣬ǹӴĺ޼һеսȷʵûб䣡

һܼҶ˫ۼĻţƺż۵ķ֣һɹӴƲϴб
Ҷ˫ȭ˲˾žŰʮһתĽɫԣֱ߻ӻȥֱޱȵĽ⣬Կ
ƾѪ֮壬˭˭
䣡
ҶƵȭͷڽն񽣵Ӱ˲صһ漴һɾ޴Ϣ鱬ը
ٸϸСļԺԲƵѷ쿪ʼӣ޵ĳ֮ϾȻʼĹѣҶǿֲ˳ҲֻѣҲƺһѪض󵹷ɳȥ
ಣ
ƴҶ˫͵һѸٵĳŵɳȥ׷ȥ
ͣ
ҶƵȭͷٴӴΡĽɫâƺѾ˿
ת˲䵽˵֮ϣ˫źݺ֮Уֹס˵ɵơ漴˫һ̤߿֮ϣشԼ׵ĸ߶վ񱩵ڽն񽣣ҶƱ͵ȥ
ⷴӳν죬һֱ費ѵҶ䲻Ҳ˸
ҶƱһ˫ȭӾ߱ⷨյʵѾ˿ڷھǿҶƸǿ
ȻҪӲӲҶƾͷ㵽ף
Ҷһ˿΢ЦҲ͵һ̤ٶȳ죬ˢһ±˿еǰ
ȭ˸ŽѾ񱩵˳ȥ֮жʱֳѣһƬƬѿռ䶼ӴϢŰš
䣡
ҶƵȭͷٴθڽնײһ߽Զҫ۵Ĺâ漴͵ر˺Զ
Ѹ͵һת˫Ѹڵ֮ϣ˫ѸٵĽӡֻһɳյӴ˲ƺƵӿҶƣƺҪɡ
Ҷü͵һٴǿ͵ĳȥƺĲݣ
ƣ
ҶƵĽɫȭɢΧռĹâѸٻΪһӰȻǧ͵سҹȥ
޵ȴֱ͸ҶƵȭؿڣʮֹ죡
Ҷɫһ䣬ſһѪ弱תţ˲Ѿ˸ոǸطףƯڿң
˽ԶǴһ
ã
һԵɺ̲ס̾˵ʵ֮ͬжˣ˵ĶսҲһܹĻ𻨣ɺҲ̲סֽкá
û뵽ѪҶƿЦĲ˲ǡ
ûİҶһۣСʲôʱǿˣƾ˫ȭӲƴҵķǿƥ
أ
̫˷ܵĽһƺΪҶƼͺȲʣܿͱɺ׽ס뻳С
սûнôҶ΢Ц˲ȥ͵غгףӰ˸һȭٴγ
ǰ˵ҲȻȥڽն׺ݵն¡
粻ƣϸ΢ķӵĿ£ڽնڽնȨʩչ֮£ҷ磬ǿ겻
Ҷֽһ͵ػӻƿնȥ
䣡
ػڽ֮ϣǿҵڽն񽣾޲Ȼûʲô𻵣ȴץգҲ͵һ
кһڽն͵ػ˲ΧֺüӴӰһͬװʿһڵȺ򷢺ʩ
ȥ
˫һ͵صͺһңָҶƣΧҲƺ˱һ
žžž
͵նĽУԲͬҶռϵ𵴣ԶսĵӷһļС
Ҷ˫֮ƺʲô˫Ѹ͵·ɣӴĽɫƲϵײţ֮һ֮
ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ҶƱ˫ֶǼûĽӰѾҶȫ顭


264 ʦͽ
Цһֶգְڽն񽣵Ľ֮ϣҡͷҵȷĶ֡ĵܣЩɳĺܿ죡
ҶЦ˦˦֣ڸոӲĽʱȷҲܵһ󲨼ֻѾľûκδˣ˺ôһǿָһЩ֪
˵ЦˣҲֻǽҶѡҶƹһЦ͸޵ĵ֮ɫЩ׽
ȥ˲ͷĺ겻ѵСİû뵽ɽˮȴһ㶼û£ÿĶǺհ
ҶƺٺһЦţЦвͶĺ飬ÿҲȻôڱ
ɺЦ߹չһЦ磬ҶСܣǶ˰ɣöٻָĵҩ
ɺɫĵҩֱݸˣҶЦŽҩ̷ȥ
ҶƵĹϵɺҲѾɡҶѡΪˡҶСܡ̬ʮѰζ
ҶȻɺ⣬΢΢һЦҲûеơ
ֱӰʧ䳡ϣЩԶΧ۵ĵӲһսľ߹ŸոŰĳأһ𾪲ѡ
ѾѣռҲѿüкЩطû޸ϣȻ̡ţռѷһһĿռҲ͵ţƺҪɵһ㡣
Щһ͵ȥһĭ˻ôܣ𻯾Ҳǿ˿ĵزǿֲ˹
ʦָʦֵĶԾѵһĺϷ
ˣոյλŮǺˣȻȫѩޱʦ֮£ƸĶһЩжЩһӰʮ־޴ǰЩʱɾ㱼ʮȦĺ󸻡
Աߵʿ󸻳һԴĵһۣ񾭲ôȥ㱼˵ʵĲ󰡡
ǰǰôһ㱾ǮȻ˼ĺܶƯСʦöˣǸҲǷŭĺ
ߵ𣺡ѵܹô
ɺ˵Цһ֮еŮҶһԺòΡ
̫ѾصҶƵĻУɺƯֱʿˮ
Ҷû˻̫Դһ£ʹë׵ԴѸҶƻУ¶һ˫С۾ĵҶƣȴЩʲô
ӭ泯ȥҶҲоϹŴַǿȻѾķ꣬ǺܶطȻſֲµ֮𵴵졣
һ߹Ҷۼ⣬͵ӣɾô
ҶƼæֳŮȥӣǺϻô
ЩȵӣҶһЦѵҲ
ɺĲɣȻûзӭˣҶȴ͵Ц
Ѿߵ಻״ۼ⣬̧ͷһɿɺ˲ûüһȣɺô
ɺŵ͵һ̧ͷʦôҲ
㲻˵ȥһôҲ׼û뵽ȴǳڵѵôơ
ƺҲһɲȻɫϾոҲǸ粢߹ġ
ɺȻҲǷһ㣬ͻȻЦʦһ𣬸ʲôأʦҲû˵Ҫɾɣ
һ˿ɫҪ⣬缱æ˼վ˳ιأȷкܶҪҪ̸ҲǺ˵ţϽʹ˼ɫʾϽ뿪
⣬ǰԷĹľһһ񣬶ͻȻסɺ֣ɺҪŷʦҪ̸ǻ߰ɣ
ɺͻȻ߬סС֣ҲһС¹ײͷư͵ıǣˡ
һ˿ıóѵЦ⣬Ķ㿴ӸҵĵӣǲǺܰ䰡ǰǣߴš
ǣʲôߣߵ˶Ѿᵽһôõǣ
˵ͷɫԣĶ˵Ķԣǵ飬ԼȥİɡǲҪ֡
ȿȡҶɫͰ͵ĸɿڵвҪôòãϾԼԱء
ȥޱǵġһ˿֮ɫָʹСӼ겻һΣޱ֪жô㣬㻹ʱ
ҶƼæͷ絷⣬λˡռæߣȻⶼһЩͲסįϼһﰡ
粻ĺߵʲôŲţҿҪҪ飬ɱ˼룡


265 
ҶƲƲ죬СĶ˻ֻһĹϵΪ˶ɵô
ҶҪ۶еʱͻȻԴ֮ڴһӴ͵һ漴ָ
ʲôҶüͷʵ
ɫһ䣬Ѹٽ˷ļ䣬Լٿĳ֮ڡ
Ҷơޱţ洫ĵҹ
¡¡ֱʮֽ飬ôƽﴦ䲻ʧ̬ӣ
Ҷ֪Թش󣬶˵ĳŴڳȥ
һڣɫĿǰЩˣҶơѩޱɺзһһ鴫ѶˮóصԼ
ǴѶˮ˲䴫̡ǲ˻ǿ˵Ļ
ȣȣħǶħħݻ˽̣ġÿֲһֵƺһ˿˿Զľ֣翴ʲôֲĶ
ǳ̴٣ִ٣١ƺǱʲô׷ţԼԼȻ죬ȻڽмҵĽս
ȫˡ̡ûˡǸһֵı˲䴫һҽУͳȥȻǴѶѾˡ
źһ˽ӹ˴ѶˮĹЦһ漴Ƿ
ɫأ˵
ǽ̸ĴѶˮڸղţЩǡôЩأƺʲôһ㡣
ǽӵĳ
ûǽӡ𻯾߽ΪĽӣʲôôһųôģ̾һ˫۾ĿŷģϲǺϻҲӦܵϢ˰ɣ
ȻϵĴѶˮҲѸٵصĽӹ洫һŮˣոս̷Ѹǡ̱ˡ
ʲôݲΪ֮ݡ
̱ˣ˭ģ
ҡҲ㻹ǿЩɣҪһ𶨶ǡǸŮ
ĬȻĽѶˮرգһҲյˡ

ı˫ۣܹôʱڣ̵ģֻôλָɣ˭ģ
ˡ
ţϵĴѶˮͣææţŽеϢꡣ
󡢲Ⱥš̡ҲǷš૵ļҸң˭ʵôʱ̣
˫˸ž⣬С
˵ЩħŵħߣҲ뵽һ飬ص
ǣһ벻˭ôʱ佫̾˿ǵ𻯾ʮ׵ħߣǽֵܹסġԶʱڱҲǣõϢȴǣһôܣ
Ҳտڲԣʵ̫ΣǲЩħΪأ
ҶǰһȻô˷룬ôȥɣұ֤һж
ҲʾʦĵҪȥôҲȥֵܾܺûһ𲢼սˡ
ѩޱƽ壬Ҳȥ
ɺһ˫ˮĴ۾ŷģеĿԼҲҪȥʦﲻҿڡ
ĸһۣ˵ͷɺǲҲһȥ
ɺæ˵ͷ
ãһξ׼㣬ס˰ȫҪ
лʦȫɺӷ졣
˼οЩ󱲣ʵϾҪϳЩϼһˡһȻ˵Ǹѡ񣬼ȻҲ׼ˣס˰ȫҪ
ҶƸһۣӶЦ
ܷ֪ͨƴҲһǰֵ˾Ǵ˰ɡҶ΢Цŵ
Цŵ˵ͷֺκη˵ôѶˮȺŵ̵ʮͨ˻ͬЭ顣
֮ЦߣҲҪɵǰȥأ˵ǳɶ쳽ˣҲΪĵˡҪǣҲʵ޿ɺǡ
ɶҶɫЩȻߵѩޱҸӣ͵һʹ
ǵƮƮŮӰȴԼͷ֮ȥԼһڵŮӰ
²˳٣ǼϵĵصͶ˺ţŸಢԶиϵţһĴ㣡Щ˰Զһǳ̾


266 ˷
ˣ֮ڵȱȱҶǰһͻȻʵ
ȻȱˣĽֻгϱڻû̫ʦʦ޲ǵͻȻüתЦ⣺ôʣѵʲôõĶҪ׳һЩɣʵѷ
Ҷӣɽ¶ˮӳһöռָ˵żʮ𻯾ķȿȡ㿴ŷɣ֮ĽһܺᡭЩ͵ʦΪһССĹˡ
˫͵صҶһӣռָڵξ͸ǰ
ʮҲ𻯾ķûȥѾһ㵭ĻҳǴ𻯾ķˡ
͵һӵĴҶƣǡôõģʮ𻯾κһҲû˵ֱʰɣ
ҶƵһЦ㻹Ųңĺˣ͵ЩҲûκã͵Ǹŵˡ
㱻ҶƵԴѪʮ𻯾ķ˲ֵ֪֪ĵ̣һһֱӵгڵĵ̣֮
ôĶҶƾȻ־ӸԼ
ЩԼǲΣݺݵҧҧԼͷ˻ʹ
Σ
ռָ֮еʮ𻯾ķģ
ԱߵķҲ𾪲ѣû뵽һó˾޴ֱʣһڶûеİ
Ҷ΢΢һЦЩȻҫǰЩ˵ЩԵķɲóɵóķǹսѾҶ˳
Щ˵Ƿˣ͸ȡһ
һ΢΢һѸٽռָϴһ˿ԵЦȻôģҲͲˡ
һ׻ûУϺ꣡
Ҷаı硣
ѩޱǼֲ֣ѾʶҶ̫Ĳͬڳ֮ˣ˿ٴοҲ΢΢һ¶ѣûʧ̬
ɺ촽¶׵ıݣʮ𻯾ڿЦô
ҶӣæˣǸæϣ
˵ţҶѸ˴֮УĻл̫ë׵ԴٺһЦܻ
ҶƸѩޱɺѸٷӶɾţҶ漴ӿռָ֮ͳ˹սֱӷϣ˹սļа֮ϣ漴˵ʲôܱȷҪʡˣ
ɺַȥһ޲ڵûټĴСȻҲУʵƴְ
ҶƺٺһЦûж˵ʲôҲʶûжʡ
ѩޱҶߣԴһҹȻûķǲϵ֮ȴǸһ׽⾳ѩޱ·ɬСŮһ㣬Ҷ
ҶҲֵڣѩޱ֣ԦӴĹսԽռ䣬ٶȼ֮ʻš
ɾŲԶֻһʱ͸ϵˡҲò˵սٶȵȷܿ죡
˺ţĸ˴ӹս֮Ծ£Ҷ˳ƽսһ߽˺֮ڡ
Ȼ֮ǰžѾõϢˣڶŵǰȻҵǹĽӭ˽ȥ
ҶƵλϣʵĶԺž̶̲̰룬ô̳µʱߵõʲôϢûУ
ʹʲôϢ֮ͻȻҵ֮Ǳߵķ޴ռǧףϢŰʵеֲǸͲ˿ӵеʵ
ôʵ
Ҳȥ̽ڽӽʮﴦͻȻ֮޾ѪɫնѪ죬ǳֲ̫ˣڶ𻯾ǿ߱ɱһ㣡ټ¾Ȼûһ˿ֿͬǰĺͯһ㣡Ȼʮֵļ
ˣҶʵ
ԣֻһˣȴ֪ΪξȻٻˣ¶Ѫɫ˾ɱʵΪǿһһֻֻ蹷һ㣬ʵǡǺһ𻯾ݺ
Ҷ˼֮УѪɫѵѪ壿ѪʥĴ߳ˣ
ԭֻǵΪħŵ˶ѣֱ˷ˣħŵˣҲǳѪʥĴߣ


267 þò
ûжãȺŵƸ̵ҲϵˣƼҶЦ߹һܱҶƱסЦðģû뵽ڵʵôǿˣ綼ǲòʰ·ˣ
һЦǰСģ㿴㣬Ѿ𻯾׵ʵˣǼһ𻯾Ѿ˦ǺԶԶˡ
ҶƺĴһȭЦ㿪ʲôЦأҲֻһЩѣˣҿҪ͸ร
ʲôصҿɲҪЦŴȤ
ȻˣҶ΢΢һЦִӿռָͳƿֱݸˣҩ
ԭأĿɢűϢı飬βƵǡ
飿ʶһϳƿĶе
Ҷ֪˻˵ķӳ˵ͷҲû˵ʲô
Ҷ߹һ㵵ЦܣһϲҩʲôɣǣҩÿʮΪ
϶㡭΢΢ȻĴϵϢҲý֮ǰǿ࣬˿˿֮⡣
ûСҲЩ͸һݣʵ
Ƹ˴۵Сۣ߽ڣкҲ򣬸һȥˡҪյҩȥҲʱ䡣
ȻżҲô죬Ͼ˻ûе
һҹԣƸڼ֮жȹҶ˯һú˲һ˯ߡѩޱȥأǱѩޱŴӷ˳
ϾǱ˵ĵ̣Щʲô㡣
ڶ죬ҲѾˣɶɻô䵭һϮѩ֮·һ㣬ҶƵʱ۾ܻôһ˿Ȼ
쳽һֻ̲ޣ˫˸ŷ֮⣬ǼƣƺҪҶ̻
Ҷȴû쳽쳽ʵҲֻ𻯾ңҶƵĶ֣
ôɱһˣԭ߸ϵ쳽ΪҶħԴ䣬ӶԱһ겻񣬵ҶȴһһεĴ̼񾭣ڳɶ֮޿̵ķһȻûŵ֧֣ƾԼʵ𻯾ס
þòҶųɶ¶һ˿ůЦ⣬
ƺδѴкһ㣬ȴ̺ôһ˿˿׽ζ
ɶ΢΢ףɫĵ˵ͷҶѣ
ɶǾǧ֮ĮҶͷһ˿ɬŬĵ˵ͷһжã㣬ɶˡΪ̫۵ԵôǿԼ
лҶѹˡɶ仰ʱһ˿ҲĴҶ߹ֻҶһԭؿЦ
ߣ
쳽ŭһųɶ˽ȥ
˵ĵλȻǳɶҪ쳽߳٣Ҳ֪Ϲûзʲôߡ
Ҷ쳽ıӰаǧҪҵᣬȻ³͸һ㣬
Լ쳽ҶܲˡֻҪҵᣬһҪ߾ȫŪ
ڳɶҪ߽ʱѩޱӭ߳ɶʱ֮˸ĪĹâ漴˹кãɶʦ㡭
ƺû䣬ֻôȥˣ˵ȴˡ
ɶѩޱ֮ӿһ֮⣬ãʦá
ѩޱ˵ͷĴӳɶ߹ĳҶ֮˸ߵ飬ĳɶһʹ

䣡
䣡
޴̴ƫ˲䱻ӴѹûҷӰѸٵĴ˸̤գЦ
磬ڽ𻯾ףҩЧǿȻףƣ˷֮ж
ҲǶܰһοɶСģȻôܽôѸ٣
ӶЦ
ˣҶһ͵ͳǹսѩޱϸ̤֫ȥ˵ɣ죡
ƸЦЦ̤ȥɺҲȥֻ»ԭĳɶһҪɱӵ쳽
ɶǶŸԵʹҲûʲôɹ˼ġҶֵ̯̯
ɶ΢΢һüǵҹս
쳽һ͵̤֮ϣҲҶƣĺԼߣ
ʶôҶƲмתͷȥԦսѸ˿ռ֮С


268 öʬ
սʻٶȾ޿죬쳽̤նи׷ϵģǼȻ쳽ô˵ˣҶҲƤϾԭҲǲϣ쳽ġ
Ƶ˲ѿ޴ķ϶ս¡¡ʻһȵĿռѸٵĽӽţȻʱ䶼òˡ
ֻһյĹ
꣡
ʴͻȻѳһ޴Ŀռѷ죬漴ڶð˳ԵüأӴŰϳΧĿռ䣬ɸĶ
һҹս͵ش˳ڿзһҵ֮漴֮֨ͣס
Ųǧ׵Ľ̵ĴţҶ˫ۣѾᵽŨѪϢָоڵľϢάͣڣѾȷĿ˵ǱѪʥĴŵˡ
ɣҶƶк
ЩҲѸٵ̤ǹսҶС˿ռָ֮С
ԶǧĽɽţ˶ᵽһŵϢƺѾķϺþúþõĹżû̽
߰ɣҶƽл̫ǵԴȥ˵
գҶƵһҵļһ˳ȥֻգۼѾǧ֮⣬ɽǰ
ҲҶһ߽ɽ֮С
ŨѪϢ˱ǶΪ֮üȻڸոսɽŵʱ򣬾ʬ塣
ʬŵӵĴ磬ͷ­ѾʧԱߵһѪ֮ӦÿǷ֮ԴһѪɭ׵ĻһɢҵĶζ
ҶüͷǰߣԽ֮ڣԽߵʬԽ࣬Щ״ǲ࣬Ķܲҡ
еıһ»ţе˫֮ûȥѪģʬ嵽ţŻ֮С
ЩǵӵĴ磬ЩʲôģӦڴ֮ڰɣҶסڱǣԶѾòĴ
ǽȥƣüͷ˹ȥ
ɳɳ
΢ϸСȴҶĲˡ
Сģ
ҶƼæѵôӹţȻҲǲˣ͵ػһӳ˲佫ϮһѪɱ顭
ʲôˣ
Ҷ͵һŤͷһӰ˲һ֮ڣüͷһ壬͵ؽų˹ȥ
˻ûзӦʱҶѾ˴֮У漴ޱ޼ʵĺڰ磬ͻȻоŴһ͵ľϮҶһ͵ҡһ£ͬʱȭѸ͵ĻӻӴ˲佫紵䡣
¡
ҲҶһȭĹâҶſ˸ոϮԼˡѾ֮ܳΪˣ
һʧȥͷ­ʬ壬Ѫϵӿţ縡һС궴һ㣬ϵĹһĲơ
Ȼͷ­ѾûУȴȻеԵ˶ţƺҪƵãҶ͵һ̤塣
ǡѪʥĴ߲ٿصѪ塭Ҷɫһ䣬
ȻѪôѪʥĴ߾һԶһĳطҶԺ֮һѸٵĳȥȴͻȻ֮ļֱֻһס塣
ѾȥܾõĳϴıƵѪҡҡλεվҶ͵˹
棬ѾʮʬΧˣӦ˵ʮѪ塣
Щʬ嶼һͬص㣬ǶѪƺԴȪһ㡣
ȥģⶼʲôƻֽǰǸʬ嶳ɱ֮յıܹѪվһȭϢ
˶ԼķΪǶӭǵģһһս
Ҷ͵ؽǰЩʬɢҪȴٴαһε˻һҫޱȵߣȻؿڴһ󶴣ѪҺѾɣȴȻλƵվᶨƵĵҶƵǰ
ǽҶҧأɵ
һŤһӴѪ˲ΧռҵţҶɡ
ɽ֮⣬쳽Ŀŭĳ˽вϵĺҶƣһһҪɱ㣡
쳽ٶȺܿ죬͵سɽ֮ڳȥȴʲô˲䵲סˣ漴صĳŵ֮ȥ
һͬСɣ쳽ΪҶڰԼɵ÷ŭĺҹ˭
һѪɫ͵ش֮ӳֳ壬쳽૵ӣõҪ𰡣
쳽˫˸ҰһѪĹâʵ˭
԰ɫɫ΢΢һ˿ЦݣҡԸأ


269 ȥŰ
쳽ŵĿǰĺ꣬ɫɢȳϢѪȾɵһ㣬ôĹ졣
ҵԸ쳽мЦһһһٵҵԸǱǿñǿô
΢΢˶ף֮¶žʲôܣֻҪ㳼ңҿԸʵֻҪʵô㽫ԸԸͻ棡
쳽˿ͷŤͷЦһһӣҹ
˵ţ쳽±ųһǿţ˲佫Χռò飬̤һĳǺ꣬͵һȥ
ԭʵĿռ֮ͻȻһյţƺƵĳźиȥ
ȥɣ
쳽мĴһƺҪ㷢Լ֮е֮顣
ӣҿɲأӦ˵Ƿӣ΢΢һЦһŸ͵ϢѪɫĹâϵĴţ˲䳯ŷȥ
꣡
Ѫɫâ˲佫ɵ漴û֮Уͺûгֹһ㣡
쳽󾪣͵س˼˼Ŀź꣬㡭㵽ʲôˣ
ǰĻҳ֣ңҲˣ԰ҳ֮Ϊ񡯣
񣿡쳽üë˼£صƾʲôô˵ô֤
΢΢ҡҡͷӳһͷʬ壬Ѹٵ˼ʬȻҡҡλεվȻԵü䱿׾ȴѾǾˣ
ܷ֤أһӣʬ˲ɢڿУΪһѪɫڣʹ˵ϢǿһЩ
쳽Ĭ̧ͷ棬Ҫ˵Щʲôȴû˵
ֶΣܹӵеֶΣ𻯾Ž׵ĳڵҲûֶΣ
Գ꣬
˼԰׵ӿֳһĨѪɫֻںһļѡ
ðɣ쳽ڵǸ߰ͷ­ʵջ֮£ڸ֮ĵĴ߶֮£ѡĳ
ʲôطҪҵĻô˵ֻܹõõԽǸ˵쳽ǿ̧ͷϴһ˿֮ɫ
΢΢˵ͷȻܹ˽飬ΪҲ
Ҳʲô쳽Ȼʵ
ûʲô̧ͷƺٴλָǸһе棬Ѹٵڿп̻˼ѶӡһģǶ쳽֮ϣ漴ӿֳһѪɫ漴쳽ȫ¡

쳽ɫĹȥҵʹ಻ϴݻ־ΧԼԼŷΧռϢ
ʹʹʹ
쳽оԼҪˣޱ޼ʵʹ糱ˮһϮȴرģҧأԺ֮ƺٴθҶҫӡ
ôܣһԲܣҲҪҪɱɱ쳽緢һҴŵš
ڣ쳽췢һŭɢߵơ
ӡѾǰγɣһַƺԴԴϵ֧塣
쳽ĿԼ˫֣漴Ϊϲ
ǿ쳽ʹĴţҶƣɣ˵ţҵļһ㳯Žɽڳȥ
΢΢һüͷͷųһѪɫϣס
˵ҵ£ҪҵķԸҪеɱҲãڲʱ򣡡ü
쳽һ£еĿϲ֮ɫɢȥչĵͷǣˣ
ҵ˻סã͸ɣԺ㽫ҵĵ֣Ǹȡ裡氲ο쳽
ȥ쳽ɻʵ
Ȼţѡ񸽽ĺźˣƽƺ¶ٳʲôһ⡣
š쳽ЩԥȻ֮ǰΪɱҶ߻ħǱϻһͷβĻŭԹ飬ĸɲ
㻹ԥʲôȻõҴǾûʲôѡˣ㲻ϲĻ԰ң浭
һ˷Ը쳽æϥرĵ
Ǿ߰ɣȡǷӦʱ򣬽³һ˵һʱ˸ź˵ĺ⡣
ǧĺţҲע˽ᱻˣǵɣ
͸Ѫʥ;һ㣬Ȼ˽ѾȥǴڣһҪս
ǣޡ


270 
ҶƸǰսݱɭɭĴ֮Ȼ͸һ˿⣬ȴɻԵô˿
ؿڵĴ󶴲ϵĳѪɫꡱģƺʲô屻ͷ˳һ㡣
Ҷ͵һ߳ȥһӴĽȥ˲ӽϳȥըԶԶ߷ɳȥŴǽһ飡
˵ʱ٣ʱ죡
Ҷһ͵سڶ֮⣬ȴֵķѾʬΧˣ
ٸʬΧסһצţϢ˱Ƕ
Ҷһҧ͵һȭ𵴶ռ飬ҵļ˲佫ǰһʬըΪĩ
ģ
ҶƿΧʬͷƤҲɵЩ飬Щ˿ɶǽ̵ӵװȻʵǺǿʤ㹻
Ѫɫ˲ռ䣬ҶƸǣǧҪɫḯõƤ
˵ţҶƻ½ͻȻȥŵ㾧Ө͸Ĺâ˸ſĵǣҶϲ˸š
ͨ
ҶԵӢ࣬ȻɨһУ³һ֣
˵ţ¾ŵâ˲ɢȥֱû֮УХ漴Ҷļʬ˲䱻ŵǹѿΪֲ
Ҷ˫ѸٵĽӡѸ͵ĿŵâϵʬȺڱըѪɽ˼һֲ
ɨһɨһƬйΧڵʬȫһɨɣͬʱԵͨڣڲʼ߽⡣
ȣ
˫͵ذ˵ϣʱΧ״˲ӵ֮´ܳ޴󳤶ֵļ̣Χϻεʬ˲䴩͸һλƵġ
˫һž޴ɭ׵Ļ棬֮ϲϵǳһ㣬˫ӶʬԶΪ˱
ƺ˲һ㣬ƵıսҲ˲˳Ӵƻһǿͱŵĺն˲佫ΧһȦʬնΣ
ƿͻűսӰϵıŷһ˲䶼ǰʬ顭
ΧԶڽնûӰĶָ⽣ӰУ͵ţռ󶯵ŰӴѿһ޴ѷ죬ǿĿռϵġꡱš

ˢˢˢ
ÿȥڽն񽣣һڽնӰնȥʬһɫ壬Ҳ޼£϶һΡ
ɺΧۺɫţԵޱȵȻ󣬲ս֮пɾûȥˣʵҲǼǿƮȻһܹͨգЩǰʬȫ飡
ɶƮƮǽգڿзһУʱ֮ͬϣȫһı
֮еؾƺȫ뵽˳ɶĽ棬ԵޱȵƮݣͬ·һ㡣

ǽĵطʬжôǿʼҲı䲻˱ɱˣ
ѩޱ˫Ҳ봩ƣХЩʬûκεĻֱ֮Ӿǻ³
ৣ
һ뱻ѩޱרŵİͶַӳʱ͸ʬѪһء
̫Ƿŭ˻ǰʬ͵һ˺Ͼж֫б۱˺Щ˱ͶʬԻ̫ǵ˵ûһ;ֻܽˣ
е˶˿ս䱦Χռһһεѣٴκϡض΢΢Ĳͬһ㣡
ѵ
һʯ鱻ƷɣǸ߻λ˹ǴѾ˺һ޴Ŀӣ۵Ѫ¶ţ˲Ż³
˻˻˻߾Ȼ˶ĵĽ˫ѾȫǰףҶƾ˹
ϹûҶƴ֮£˫͵һӡͬʱд顭
ſǳ˲Ҷǰγһ󷨣߰ΧУƺסжһ㣬Ҷһȣ˫͵һſǳĿռʱѣ˲γһ޴Ŀռݵ߷ӳԭǳٻһθ޿ӱ޿ɱܣֱ˽ȥ
ſǳ˲صҶУ˲û壬Ҳʧ˿ռѷ֮ڣƱռֱӽƬ
սĽҲȻЩʬˣܶ࣬ǱϾʵ̫ǿִ֮£Ѿ


271 һ
ҶƸ˼˰ѾѸٵĽǰһʬϣһ
ʬѾ׻Ϊ˻ҽҲҶÿ˶ָǼöҩĵܡ
⣬쳽أԭĿĳɶƺ뵽ʲôһ㣬ͻȻ۾ʶĴɨҪҵ쳽Ӱ
һֱûиҶʼ磺ǻûиϵɣ
ܣƾ𻯾׵ʵ̤շô·ҲӦѾ˲Ŷԣѵ;ֳʲôӣɶɫɵ
ʲôӣֵܿ𻯾׵ʵһЩһ˶һĶ֡ƲƲ죬˿
ǰֵܵΪ㲻УҪɹҲûʲô̫ɣҲӣȤ
ҲЦǺǹһ죺쳽棬ǿɸûйϵ
˵ģ⡣
ɶ΢΢üԣ̤շô쳽һѾǸûӰô£
Ҷһʯͷϣ˵һεĽѾˣⲢЩħŵģһӲ̵
ʲôħôüʵ
ȻǣǿЩʬ壬ô죬ħŵ˸ͨЩµģһѪʥģҶ̾һûסģô˵˰ɡ
ҶƽѪʥԼĿʲôȫЩˣȻûԼ˾𴫳е飬ֻǼ򵥵ĽѪʥһ¡
Щ˶סˣ˭Ҳƴ½֮ϻһλǿߣȻǿѾȥĴߣҲµһλ
ѪʥĴôѪôĻôƴ½ҪһȷѪˣ
ɶ쳽˦Ժ֮УʵȷЩϢʵ
Ҷûʲôʱˣѵһƭ㲻ɣֶγѪʥ𣬻˭ĳٿߣߣ
˶˳Ĭڵ˵жһѪ壬һЩħŵĲ࣡
ҪϸĻ¶ӵǿʵһǿǵġ
ȻѾˣǿ¼Ҫϵˣͬ⣡
Ѫ˵ֶΣʵǿֲҲ˸оף
ȻٿѾȥʬ壬ΪǶߴĲ
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һϸС΢ԶҶƵĶһ漴üͷķʲô
ͷ­תȥ˲䣬ҶƵɫˣΪǸǡþЩķ򣬺ţ
ѵ˵
ãҶڵһվΣգٻȥ
˵ţҶ˲ٻҹŴ˵Ҳ˵һ̤棬ߵſҲܵѪϮˣ
ƸûκγɵľˣǶҶٷְŵģ漴ѩޱɺҲֻʣ³ɶһԭط㶡
ŸʲôҶƵ
ɶһҧƮϣص˲䣬Ŵ˲䴩ƿռƺƵĳźʻȥ
ѵ̵һĻĻҪںôʸϵһţѵڽڶᱻѸٵô
Ҷļ٣Ȼ鷢ҲԲ鷢
ѪʥĴߣԼǷɱˣ
Ҷư߬ȭͷ
ڣ΢ЦָһȺʬ쳽ϵɱźڵˣǱɫʴ֮ˣҲٿصĿܡÿһȥΪܣϵʵǿһ֡ɫҲ͸Ӻһ֡
ͻȻüͷû뵽ǵٶô죬ܹأһѶȵˣˡ
һ֣쳽ɣ
쳽Ѿ鲼Ѫɫƴһڳ˳һɺѪҺЦ˼˲֣ߡ
Ҫôˣ쳽ĵͷ
Ȼ浭Ķ仰ֽɫ͵ػ漴һι˵Ӱôʧԭأ·ûгֹһ㣡
ֻʣЩصʬڶԵӽɱ¾ֶʮֺȻ׾ʵȴûһ˿˲øǿˡ
ŴѸٵڿռ֮ڷʻţⲻϵŶԼҲһյĹ򣬹Ŵ˲ͻƿռ˳ȥ˲Ư˺ŵϿգ
ģһƵľ󡭡
ȥģһҶƷŭһȭ֮ϣʱǰ˲俪ѣزϵš


272 ĺ
źŲƵţҶûüһķңû뵽ѪʥĴ߾Ȼôĺת֮Ѿλڳڵһţסò˶þͻᴫƴ½ʱ˶Ļ̡̻
Ѫ壬ѾǿĶˣʱٴһˣôҶƿɾˡ
͵س˺ڲǰûĿĵżȫѾΪưҲĲƷ档
еĵӽԶǻ±һѪɫâţȻǸȥá
Ҷҧġֱ죬һһţߵʬ壬ȭͷԽԽƺҪ߬ˮ
⡭ѪģƲ˼ҲԵúߣû뵽žԼЩƤӵ±ɱˡ
ǡǣҶƷŭĵţһֻҰޡ
лŵϢòҶƵ
ʲôҶƼѣæ׷ʵ
ȥᣬıӿء
ҶƼæѻеĻ̫ͳȵ̫ǣﻹûлˣ
̫ǲԸؽ˼Ӳϵʶţһ·Сܹȥ

ҶƵͺһȳǸܹȥ
ҲüͷҶƵĲǸ֮ǰӴǵĴ
֮УŨѪ˲Ǻѩޱɫ΢΢Щɫ
̫Ǵһѷ֮еһ·ı߽ϣͬʱؽţʾ˾档
Ҷ壬һ½Щ飬ܿŵһ
˫͵ץסǵµľʯ˫͵һ𣬿дȵ𣡡
Χʱŷһ޴ĿݣѳĴӣǾ޴ʯͷҲҶһ̧ҳСʯͷĳ䡣
¡¡
ʯͷ˲䱻ҶƷɳȥһӽһǽ䣬ԶԶķ˳ȥ
һҳͷѪˣӦǵӴ磬ѾһϢˡ
ҶƼæͳöҩιȥĿˣΨһˣ˵ϳѪʥĴ߾˭ܹõһЩϢǾٺòˡ
ϾѪʥĴڰҶҶƻѪʥĴ߾ʲôˣʲôӣȻԿ˺ܶࡣ
΢΢ʶ˼£۾ǰǰøմҶƣʱ
ħħ˼ҪվȴҶڵϡ
˵˵֪ģҶƽǾ˭ΪʲôҪţǳȥˣ
˾ҵĿ˼ؿڲϵš
ͻȻҶ֮ɫĳɶʱĻ²ħħͬ飡Ҷѣ㣬ɱħΪǱ𣡡
ɶȻҵĿ˿ŷָŵԼɵüʲôħͬ飿λѣǲܵʲô
ģ㣡ɶħͬ飡˼ĲչȥȴҶٴι˼öҩǿסʹС
˵ȻҸЩħһҲߣҶƷŭ߬ȭͷ˫֮вѪ˿ǵӺ
ǡ쳽һˣɱǺŵˡءȻ޴Ĵ񾭶Щ
ʲô쳽ɶȻЩܽܵġ
ѣȷ쳽ûпҲǳѯʵȻ쳽˵Ʒô϶ǱϾɣǲȹ֮µġ
ûд쳽쳽ɱҵʦǸˣʬ壬ÿֲ˸ţ˫֮ȻЩ룬ѪɫĹâ˲˫֮г͵صͺһƺȫǱһһ㣬ſͳҶҧ
Ϣɡ
Ҷ̾һİϣһĻ˹ȥ
߰ɣϾͻѪ԰ٴξոսĻͿЩݻ٣˵仰Ҷ̤ն
Ҳһӡ
Сģôüܸо쳽Ȼǲûôףŵĳ̶ˡ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ָЩѾʼѪ壬㿴Щʬ
ɻĿЩʬϾҪˡ
ûҵ˼ǣ쳽ҲܸЩʬһˡҶƵ
ôɶ૵
ˣ˵Ҳ档ȰŴݻٰɣЩѪȥˣҶһ˫֮ȵıԵŰţͬˮɧ


273 ǧ
˶ҶƣϵϵţǿƥΧռ䶼΢΢
䣡䣡䣡
ȵ˲⣬ȵΧռѣһռҵķš
ҶƵ˫֮˲һĺ˫ӡϵţҶƵӰƺҲԵøߴ˼֡

ҶƵ˫ͻȻԻһƬӨ͸ĹĻӿȥҶѸٵһ˫ͬʱ·ȥ
ЩʬһҪ𣬺ܶѪʬѾգҶƵֻв׵ľˣǿֲ˿ʵѪҺԵÿֲޱȡ
꿦꣡
նʱ֮ʶıסˣһѩ˲䳯ӶȥƬĻ֮еıѩɵĻֺˮһ㳯͵ӿȥ
Щոʬ˲Ϊ˱񣬾Ө͸̺
ЩԽЩʬ˲串Ǻŵɽ֮ϣɽͬѩǣԭû˿ɽٴ
ռҲܲסּĹ֨֨ѽѽţкüֱ鿪͵ϢϵڿռŰš
˶𾪵ĿҶƵĶƺҲܲסôӴģ΢΢˼£ǿıѩǲϵĴ˫֮лֱŵɽͷס
ŷԲʮȻҶһǴȫǣĲҶɫò԰׺ѪɫſڱһѪ˳
Ҹ߹ԼˡҶƲȻأֻߴӰҲһ˿ɶĺۼ
⡭ǡɶĴסˣ̶ֳȵĹҶ˵ĸ֡ѵһϵǣû˵˭ϵǴİ
ѩޱҲĿɿڴҶƾȻϵҿӻƺ裬ҲֲΪʲôôǿˡ
ѩ˲串˵ʮҶƵһֻ첲ҲĴȥڴŴҧгݵУҲɢҪ׽ŵɽͷס
ϾɶߣҶƾǿԸǰǿƵҲ
ȫסҶ˫͵һ𣬱ѩӵٶ˲ӿ죬һ½ȫУͺһۼصıһ㡣
ҶƾԼٶ˫鲻ˣѾʣ޼ֵҶƲòӽһöҩѸٵĻָ
ӴĺţѾױѩˡ
ð㣬Сģû뵽ȻѧϵƹһЦҶһȭֵӰŵϵҵʱһΪԼǶһ޶ģû뵽СҲѧϵ㣬϶˵˵ǲҲͨڵϵ
ӿЦǶѾ𻯾ˣȷʸѧϰϵˡ
Ҷ֮ϣһ˿֮ɫһѪĿǺţ˵һξ˭ǻӦ뵽Բ߲ǡ
쳽ıѪ˵ĻҾԲģƷŭȭͷ
Ҳ˵ͷʾͬƵĻ
ɶɫЩѿҪ˵Щʲôǿ˿·ĺţǱļʬ壬̲ס̾һ
쳽ôҪһҲǾȲˣ
Ϊ飬Ѿǧָ
ıѪƵĻҲɱ㣡ɶ۾ĵ
飬һȻ㱨ŰɣƶһжҶ̾һó֮ǰ罻ԼĴѶʯ߶ħŵģһʵͷһλĴߣҲһΪҪĶ֣ҲѾˣ˭Ҳ֪ǵһĿʲô
ѶʯѸٵĽҶ˵Ļ硣˲ãŴƣҲô
ǵģڰûа취򡭡ǵȴ¶棬ȻҲǵ١Ҷ̾һ
ãǲҪѸٻصҪͬһ顭Ӷȷһ򡭡Щħ֮ˣҲʱˣȻʼվߵĶʱը˵ʲôʱͻᱬը
ҶƵͷ˵ħţڳصʱ򻹱ħŵħϮˣҪǣͳ磡
֪ˡǱߴһ仰ˣȻѶʯȥ
ҲϢԼŵһڽŵ


274 ǿǿ
еĽͶǣڣȥɾۼгڵ͵Ҫ飬һλ̸
𣬸ǲ쳽Ȼ߻ħ֮ݵλɶˣǱϾʵţ𻯾ʵɲǸǵãҲһʵȨϣû뵽ôѪˣһ˺ţ
ɲˣ뱻ǧָǾͱᶨƵıԼ̬ȣ׸쳽ޣֻܲ˵л
Դɾ֮󣬸ŲѪҺٶȾٴη飬ôԭһЩҪĵӹƻٴܵһɶɣ
ɲǰҪĽ
ԣٶģֱټ˳쳤ϣѸٵĸɾ³üؾ档
Ⱥŵ̵ʮŵ鳾ߣҲƺƵĳɾǶѪչȥôпܳΪܺߣ
˭ҲԸ⿴һͷԼƤӵĳɳĳ졣սԼɵ
ڹ˽ȻԼЩ˵棬Ǿã
˰̰ĵġ
̤ҶƵĹŴܿصɾɾĵһʲôȻǸʲôϢЩײĵӻ
ֻҪûȥͺãҶƴһοֻҪ⣬ܻнİ취ġ
ЩĵͻȻλòɵŮ߹Ϊ׵ѩޱȻᣬɾһŮƴ½ĴŮ֮һ
ɺȻż֮⣬ǹɷĵ׵Ȼĵģһֱ˻ĵСꡣ
ɶȹƮƮü΢ӣ΢գһƮȻ͸¶
ĿеŮһſˮųɶԱһӵ
Ҷƶܼ⣬Ȼ仰˫˲ɨȥһҵɱ˫֮бǵ͵һ£һƨ˵ϣδ
ߡ
ҶĺһŤͷǰ档
ɽֻģ˭ҲȾָϵĵ٩ҲҶΪ£
ҫ¹ɶ³Ҷ֪ԴΪˣȻոճԲѷĵͱҶƻĨɱˡ
ɶҲǵӵĻ˵Ѿֲˣһһȥƽϣôɶʱ䶼ûˡ
˭֪ҶƾȻ־ǸӣóɶЩĪζ
Ǳ˱ĸоôɶоʵ
Ȼɶû˵ʲôҲˣҲᱻһ΢СжҶƵ΢ЩСж
СһֱŮһֱȱҪǿ֮ͬҲû˿۸ûܹĸоҶƴѩޱʱ򣬾΢Щڳ˱ζҲлЩ
ָоĺ֪ܲɶϵĳȻɢȻɫôģҲѾһ˿ůҶƴĺҲһԵӿͷ
ûѩޱĻԼӦǻİɡɶɫЩ΢ĺ˼š
ƺǲԼĲףæ˦˦Դôء
Ѹ´ڣѾȺˣ˵ƺʲôԿ϶Ҳܼ
֮ô˻ᵣ飬Ѫǿ֮⣬оħŵѪ֣ôڴ½ɵ˺ǲɹģ

ΪʲôҪֻҪڵһٶ꣬Ǿʵ½е飡һĺߵ
ǺЦ˼תͷĶǺˣ裬ûгͻǻǵǵĶ֣˵Щ㹻Ǻô
µĴ棬ȵô֪ǲǵĶ֣ǻ𻯾ʮףʵ½ˣ˵һƾʵԼĿĵˣ
ҡҡͷ̾ϢôùȥˣЩħŵ˵ҲջˣûпԸǿʵһ֮أ˭Ҳ˵׼ɣУɳȥЩ˵״ɹϢûѾȫҶɱ˰ɣ̶ֻʮҶƵʵǵˮ׼ôһٶܹɾͳҲ˵
һۣǲȴٴΰ˰ֵǸӦĻþȻ𻯾ʮףڷͻҲ˵Զܴﵽǿɲͬλ棬λϤĺܣмĿܳģʱ򡭡Ǻǣ²˵˰ɣ


275 Ӵ
СпܽǺ𻯾ʮ׵ΪҶпܽʱüëҲɵľս
ܣʲôܵģһħŸսǸŸ𻯾׵ΪҶƲֻ𻯾ףǽأԽ׻ɱ˹ŸǸʱҶֻ𻯾׶ѣӵ˵սѾ𻯾ˣʵҲһ˽׵𻯾ǿߣ
ңŶã̶ʮף˭ҿ϶ǷµʱʱûеﳤأûͻƳֻ𻯾ʮ׵Ļƾǲֶθ˫սҲ㹻Ǻһˡͷ֮ȴ͸˿˿ջ֮⣬Ǻ˲ɵЩ
˵ģѵħĲǵĶ֣ǣҲȻǼǲܽˣǻкܶ𻯾Žװ˽׳Ͻףմﵽ̶ȡǱֻǿӲ
ǻû˵Ļʲô˼ʧҡҡͷϴĳȥɱҶƣأЩ˶𻯾׵ǿ߰ɣǱ𻯾׵Ҷɱ棬ʬ嶼Ҳˡô̵ʱ䣬ҶƵսǿ˵زȥҿЩħŵˣ¶ȫûǣ
ڣǻûгɳʱ򣬶ǳ֣׽Ƕɱҡ֮СȻ½ǣһĨĺѪɫԵü졣
ʲôЦǿɶǷ¹ԣڹ涨ڲᳬʿ֣ȻǶữΪŧˮСһ׵ġҲż仰ܹƭȥ˿֮Ȼһ˿ŭΪ˵Ļо̱صˡ
;ܷİɣҼȻҹǣǾ˵Ѿƽ֮΢΢һЦŵ
ʲôһ㶣֮˸ſȡ
˵ܹµԵĳͷɢɫЩ
Ȼˡ΢΢һЦ˫֮Ѫɫš

λսԵʱߵļλڵҲۼһ𣬹ͬŶԲߡ
ҽ飬̶ħŲħչѲѪ֮˼ɱ⣡ܹѪڴ½ӣѪɱˣɶǻѪһԱģ棬
Ҳ޳뷨ЩħŵǼֱһȺŻжĶǣܶǱ֮ģʱϵԽãǵԪָľԽ죬˵ҲԽǲԼ
ҲͬĻֳֻס壬ħŵ˻ѪˣԺ䡣
Щͷ쳽飬ǷѾҩɾˣ
ѾõҶʾ粻õĿڵҲ֪쳽ǹڵĴʦ֣ǰ;ޣ˭Ȼ⵵أ쳽ѪʥĴ߿ƵǶоʮֵıǸ˭쳽˺أһҪֽ쳽ɱϢڷߡ
ͣ
µɱҲɱɱҲɱˡѾﻢµĽ׶ˡ
͵һӣŭ˭˵ĴΪҾԻնɱȺ֮
ȵľǰ仰͵һӣλЩж´ﵽ𻯾֮ϵǿ߶ٻȻЩ˵޵ģ˳֪ͨеһţҲ׳Լһǿûȥǣ
ڶ೬ڵƵƵͷ˵仰ʱÿ˶ͳ˴Ѷˮ֪ͨڵĳϡ
һαսͬһȫƴ½սħŲħ߸Ϊ֮Ѫ塣
Ϣͨ˳һѸٵĴƴ½һŵĶ棬еһæ׼Ӧһȫս
Ͼ֮ѣЩڵˣȴЩŵҲŵ³ϾŸӾͰǰҲɲǲ
һ֮ڵľͷʧҲע˻⼸һյеһŶڳŬţϾλÿǴϵҫЩھ⼸Ϊˡ
Ҷƿһ۶ŵĳɶҲ֪ΪʲôɶһҶƶӣͻɫ΢ĽĿת𴦣ҶƺǷѽ⡣
ɽ㣬òʲô°ɣ


276 
ˣӦֱȥѰЩħħߵټţǲܸսģȻòǣһͻữΪŧˮʮ
˵ĲؼЩħǾ˺δôңǹؼ˼Լʡ
˺ϻȵôɫ֮ϴһ˿ζɫҼǵãǿ֪̽һҪ֪ĶҿԿ˵ֻذɣ
ĵ˵ͷȷȴһҪ֪ĶԽѣҪ׼ĲҲԽΪ֪̽һ𻯾޵䣬㻨˺üľҩҺϻȵҩѾûлˡ
΢΢һЦȵҩѣɾеǣֻҪǲ꣬Ƕõó
⻰༸ڵһ㶣ҩҪ̵ܹҳɻʼͣͨʮгΪҩǱʡȻҪʮϸϸϣ֤ܹȥҪüꡭ
ҩꡭ
ȻĻһҲ˶ˣЩҩ䷽ҲŶԼʮҲҪǧҡ
⻹ֻгҩ΢̲һţûʵ
óҩʱЩɫЩΣһˣȺûɾôе̣ҩҲó飬ҿóѾõһҩҲΪǵ˾һ΢֮
ʮ˵ͷҲóһ
鳾΢΢һЦҲóһꡣ
ɫЩ԰ףƺǸһ㣬˼Ҳǵ˵ͷһꡭ
ԴһᣬŵȻҺϻҩ࣬һ껹ǿõóġ
˵ͷãôǾʮҩ֪㹻ûС
²˳٣ѸٻصڣҪĶȡѾʱˣҲˣֱӴƿռѸٸϻȥֻһʱʱ䡭
ڶ೬ڵ˵ͷ֮߳⣬һִǰռ䣬޾˸صĺɫЩ˺ԥ̤С
ﵽ磬ȷǿͬһλڽж̾Ǩơ
Ҷǣһ

һʱܿȥˣЩƿնȥҲˣǶҪĶ
óϣʾ˲Ҫı۾֪ңҪ֪Ĵ𰸡
˵ţһɾӨ͸Ĺâӷ˳ȥҫ棬ʱԳһһϷӣϵţھΧϵת

һҵĻɫâϱͬʱҲɭĺɫâѸٵںһ𡭡
ꡭ
֮ƺҲžҵĶϢѿһ㣬ɳǿ˿ռϵĳš
ɫò԰ףٶҲ
˶۾һĻܷɹͿգ
أ
Źâ͵رѣ˳˺ü˫Ҳ˿֮˸Ų˼Ĺâ
û뵽û뵽ĵʲô֮ɫԱ
û뵽ʲôǹеʵ
ȻҪʮҩѶô֮ѵʲô谭Ŀ̽ɣĴһ˵һ
ʮ꣬ʲô
һͨʮ׷ҩܹ˲䵽𻯾Ӵ˳֮ǰκεļѿ
һ£ʧʮ𻯾ǿ߰
ʱžȷܹյ޶ˣû뵽ǲһ롭
Ҫʮ꣬ôа취
ڴ˿̣һг˵˼ҶƵ
ꡭ̾һСʲô취ҩײˣ
ҶصһЦԼĿռָʱҩҶ֮ϣ֮Ưš
ʣ꿩ҶһЦ˿ĽЩҩӸ磬·ôײһ㡣
ȥˡҶ˦˦֣һӡ
һĻеסˡ
ҩҶƵǴõģҩ
ҶƵӣƺһںȻӣðĲһѪ
ʲô˼ɾһӶԽЩڼĵ̡ӣԶԶǼޣ


277 ֮
겻ǼޣҲ˵иҩ
ڳҲǳϼһȻԼãܻΪЩġȻٲһ˿ǵ𺳡
ɶͣƺоǸɺԣ֮ȴʲôû˵
˭֪ͷڲˡ
ѩޱ۾ЦſҶƣ˵Ҷʲôж٣ЩҪҪǣԷԼԼҲ㹻ˣ
Ҷƿǹ񣬲ɵͷֻҫǰԼռָ֮еһֶѣԤҩҲʮꡣҶƱҲòô࣬Ҳʵ̫ݳˣﻹɵó
֪Ҿ͵͵һЩˡҶ̾һɷµҡҡͷ
Ŵ֮лҶƵЩĲ⡣˸Ž⣬ΪܴҶϣһЩöˣ
ˣҩѾˡ罫ʮҩݸ˷ģԿʼˣ룬ôΪ㻤һʲôӰɣ
ۺ𾪵ĵ˵ͷӹʮҩ֪Ϊʲô־Ȼ΢΢Щ
ʵ̫Ӵ˰ɣ
Ľʮҩ棬ʱڵס˸Ĺâ˫Ѹٵ˸ӡ߶ʲô
ͻȻʮҩһԵȫΧ˲ʧǰ
еˣԼʿˮ
ʮҩʮ갡
ôûˣΪ˴̽һϢ
ϾһּǮһֻôǮϢһǳ
ƺʲôٿһ㣬˫ֲϵڿбȻʲô漴һĻ˲˳һ׹ֱڿᣬƺ˸һЩͼ񡭡
ĵ˫͵΢Щеãʲôڸֲ֪̽þȻҪôԭڸ֣
ˣ˭˼æһǴƬĻ֮϶ס
ʾһ棬˫֣һҵѪɫâϳ档
ǡѪʥĴߣһ£
ôҶҲҿ϶ϾҲûۼѪʥĴ߳ʲôӡΨһԿ϶ǣ˺ǿ
ŲڳʵѪɫĹâ˫֮л磬˲ٴڵס˻棬Χľ˶ûп
⵽ŭ
͵һ촽ϵĶţӴԴԴϵĳӿȥƺڸѪʥĴ߸նƴʲô
䣡
֮˲ֳһѪɫǺ˲ѪˣΧĻҲ
ĴɭɭľӰأ͸оһɭϢм¶
ǡе˶ıӡ
˲ת˲С˴֮ϸӵĽǶȡ
һƬߵĺɫҰŵֻǵ׺ĺɫľģûһŵϢ
ӷ𣬾Ȼ鳾˫֮˸֮⣬Ųæš
ʶô罹ʵ
ƴ½֮һ޼ʻҰأʮɽͬ鳾ҡҡͷû뵽ǾȻֲðֲá
ߣŪʲô˰ɣ޼ʻҰҲȥǸӡʮЩɵ
û޼ʻҰҲ޼ʻҰıԵЩħߣǲ鳾ޱȿ϶

޼ʻҰԵ͵һѪӸߴѾѪʪͷð麹
ôܣȻôӴҶоڲĴӵվµʱϵ˿Ѿϵ޸šת֮Ѿõ߰˰ˡ
Ѫʥ𿪴ĹⷲǶˣ
֪ǣǹɿ̽취ʮҩټ𻯾Ž׵ķĲٿأȻɣǲ˵ʲô
Ⱥ㶵ĵǺɫ֣૵ǵѾ¶ҪҪأ쳽˵أ
쳽վ˳ˣЩħҲʲôöòҪǣȥսɣսܾˣǺһԵȴ֮
˵ͷ¶һ˿ĪζЦҵ뷨ȻһҪ̣ЩħߣЩʿǵĵˣڵˣ


278 
֪޼ʻҰǧ֮ң˵˵Ҳ̡𻯾ǿ̤շҲ÷ϵЩʱ䣬ǼЩֽռĻƿֱӴԽǺķѵȽ϶һЩ
ûʲôеҩ䣬ЩķҲƬ֮ͿԲġ˵ͷ
ãͰͿԣʮ˵ͷ
ʣҲĬ²˳٣Щڵǿ߽Զһߵ棬ɾʮһƬɽ֮վ׼ͨﵽ޼ʻҰĿռ䴫
˵һλʩһ֣еȫ۵ĵڣĵĽսħƣһƬռ飬ǿΣ鳾
ãˣ˵ͷԳһ鳾վǰ棬λڵ
Щ˵ǸɵĹǸɼĳüҲˣɵĳϼ϶ۼ
һЩ֮ͬеٮٮߣҲУǶ𻯾ʵΪһĳϣҲǳǰˡ
һ鳾ߵ˫˫˲˽սħ棬͵سǰȥһǿĽɫâ͵˳ҫһŴء
¡¡
ߵɽУһľ죬˲仯Ϊ촷ʧ͵ŰţΧռ𵴡
Ǿ̾ͬʱ˫͵һӣӴΪˮһѸٵĳ鳾ߵıӿȥ˲ûУϵĴ̼ŽսħƵ
ͬʱ⼸λҲͬĶһʱӻص˲鳾ߵı鳾üëţѾۼһɼΪӴ˲佫Χռݻٵķ
սħơ鳾Ŀ˫֮ǽɫ˫ԴԴϵĳƺǸܵ˵⣬ǽսħҲһ±ҫ޾Ľɫâ
ȥ
鳾˫͵һսħ͵سǰ֮ϻȥ
˵ͫ͵һеĶӴȥ˺Զ
ǿ
˵
һԼ״ֵĽɫ˲ӽսħһѸû֮Уռ鲻ϵķ̡ռѷ˲ڿչǧף
Ӵĺɫ޶ֳΧռ͵ŰţƺҪΧһж˺ɻҽ
֮ԶԶиʿĿɿڴĿ֮С
һ죬˶ǰһǰһڣеΪȽϲʿȻһѪ˳
鳾˫͵ſŭĺһ
еĳڵѸٵĽ˻һѣƺȫ
ѸٵĴӿռָͳ̲ĵҩѸٵĻָڵ
սħʧȥ֧֣˲ήҲֻһ˸첲ϸתۼҲѾɢ
鳾ߴڴŴӿռָһɫСƿе˼Σ԰׵ɫһ˿
Ȼķ˾޴ĴۣǱϾǳɹĽɾ޼ʻҰ֮һռ䴫Ҫ֪ǧﰡûܹ־֮´򿪿ռѷ죬ʵ̫ҪʵˡҲֻ˳Ϊ𣬲ʵλ𻯾Ž׵ĳڵΪһ¶ķ˴ô
ӷ𣬿ռ䴫ѾγɣϢһ£ͿֱӸȥˡ鳾֮еƣѾȥСƿ֮еĶǼƷ
ԣȵʲôʱҶָ۷ʱսȥҲ٣ڵϣ˿ûһ磬ڴ
һʱȥˣеƺҲ棬ˣ鳾΢Цվ˵ӷ𣬸λʩ;ǳΣգǿȫɥڴˣҲܳɹǻһ֣Ƕʷ
ɴҲЦҡҡͷͬʱתͷŷġ
һ죬תͷȥ
İߣǶʲôԹԣӣҶƼᶨƵĻ˻ȭͷ
½ԺİȫЩ˵ˣϣܹǰӣͬʮ
Ȼ˵ͷƮĿ
û˵ֻǳƵĵ˵ͷΪ뿴쳽Ϊʬ֮ӡ
ˣ͵Ϊֹǡȷһ̤֮У漴ڹӰѸɢ
ҶҲŶϣɫû塣
ȫǾ޴Ŀռѷ̤շȥǵӰѸٵıɫûҲ˲ʧ˿ռѷ֮С
ǧֻ˲Ϣܹ͹ȥ


279 Լ
ಡ
ɾǧ޼ʻҰ֮ϣռ˲ѿһ޴ķ϶Ӵֱ𺳵ضϵĲ
һӰƮ˲ڵ֮ϣһ޼ʵĻҰ̾һ˵޼ʻҰǿվҵȼʶһ£
ಣ
ռѷ͵Ҳ˺ЩӰһ̤շЩڵһЩǣоһŵ
ȻҲʮˣʮӰڿţĿռѷǣò磡
鳾߿ŵϵ磬Ц˵Цˣ֮һ޼ʻҰٹǿҲҳײǵĶ鰡
ȻȥԭЩ޶ʱɢһǱıţƺǿʲôʮֲֿĶ
ЦҲ֪Ӳ粻мЦЦתͷλѾ޼ʻҰߣָһ£޾ҰԵһ򣿡
鳾ߺɨһܣƺڸӦʲô˫΢΢գһ£ׯϵţӷܹо򣡡
˵ţ鳾ָָһߣ治޼ʻҰһȥҲҰݷţҰղ紵
ԭҰ֮ϳɱϢڶǿ֮ʣѾʧˣûĸӻ˵޻Щˣ
ã˿Ѿˣǧܼȥˣߣ翴Щ˸Īɫˣ
ãһ䲻⣡Ҳǵ˵ͷ˲Ư˿Уһ֣һӴ˸ŹϢĹŴ˳ŴһΧնʱ㿪ѣռϵŰţСɽ˲ƽԭ
λѣսշҪһɣʿ
һЩûдʿ˵ͷ
ҶҲͻȻٻһҹŴ˿Ҳһ·ɵ˼װ֮ϣ˵˵ͷʾ
ơ˺ԥķϣҲɺһ
ѩޱҶչһЦҲǷƮ˼װ֮ϣҶƲվ
ҶͻȻһϮɫµʦæһʦҲһͬɣ
΢΢һЦ˫ֺʮ˸ҾҲƮϣΧɫâһԱʿһۻҡ
֮ͬǿ˶Ѿۼ棬ǣҶȴûпŴ
Ϊһˣ
ɶһӵĿҶƵĹŴһ֮⣬תȥҪ̤ۣȴҶƽסˡ
ɶҶ
ɶһС¹һ㣬΢΢ŤͷҶѣʲô£
Ҷϵųɶһһٵɣɶ
ɶ˫֮˲ӿֳԱֵƺʲôסһ㣬ʲô˵˫֮һж˲ֻΪС
ԭҶζŵѩޱӣóɶһĽʹ
ŤͷлҶѺ⣬˰ɣԼսʹáգ̤ĳǰȥ
Ҷһٴγɶ
ҶѣأǺôô飡ɶģͷҲûŤ
ҶƼĳǰ˼ɶѵԼô˵˵ģȴΪʲô
ɶһۣͷһ˿Ц⸡ǣǸ߰ףᵽ˼㣬˿͸о
ԼɶķʵʲôԼǲǵˡ
Ȼô˵絶һ㲻ϵĳ鴤ţһĪʹ
Լ㻹ǵԼ֮ԼĻѩޱô£ɶвϵţöȭҲ߬ýġ
װɵҶߵֱԾ¹ŴҲɶͬһѽ𣬳ɶΪԶԶҶƵģһ¸ûзӦͱҶӲı˹Ŵ֮ϡ
ɶգ͵ػһҶؿڣȵ˲ҶڣҶƲһѪ
ȻҶѪЧҲΪȼûиտʼôǿˡ
ɶһƣȻҶ˸ǻ֮ڵʹƺϺˮϮʹҶӶŤ
Ҷȴ͵ؽȥѩޱ𾪵񣬳ðɣҪ֣ҲӦԼ˵ţҶƵ֮˲丽ӴĽɫâ͵غһԼǰ
ۡ
ҶһѪ˳˫֮еľҲȥ


280 
ɶ˫֮𾪣૵ʲôˣ
ҶƼᶨû衭ҺԼʲôϣԼ㲻ҪʳԡԲס㣬Ҫ㶯֣Լ
˵ţ͵һȭԼѴҶɫһ䣬ƲסһѪٴӰ˼£ˤ
ѩޱ񣬼æҪֹҶƵĶȴҶֹסˡ
Բޱʵ㣬ʵ֮ǰϲɶҶһ˿糺ѪĿģЦʮǿ˫֮дһ˿Ȼ
ĹŴѾֻҶƵĹŴͣԭأɶԼɹȥĻҶƵĹŴҲûа취ˡ
ѩޱȻԤϵֽҶ׿˵ʱûüеһҡҡͷ૵ңⲻġ
ʵѩޱַӳ˭Ϣƶ𾪰ɡ
ҶƿɬҡҡͷޱԲĶԲȷģɶʱ򣬻һʿǸʱɶҵҡ
ѩޱӶһ£˫֮˸žӨỨҧס촽͵سȥ
Ծ׷ȥѩޱ벻
ҶתͷᶨޱȵųɶѾĵ׵Ļȫ˵ˡһ仰˺ܾã˼ʮ꣡
ɶ˸ƺôһ˿ţܾ˵Сһ㣬˿ƽʱ˪ˡ
Ҷǰһס˳ɶ裬Ŀųɶ˫ۣ֮˸޾֮⣬һһٵҵĺɶҡ㡭
ɶΪĵطݺݵĴһ£ԭǸ߰αװҲɢȥȡ֮Ļ֮ɫŪûԤϵҶƻô˵ѾƯһƣ޲Ҹطȥ
ÿŮӶǻỳģǳɶĺܵŮαһŮҪǿңҶڸ涼ʤԼô㣬һλԵ׷ҲĶİɣ
ǳɶһŮϻ縺ŵΣܻƽŮһȥ׷Լİ˪ʣҲȫαװģΪľЩ˵ĲӬһЩǴŵԼ
ǳɶ֣Լ뷨ȫˣ
ҶƿŽߵİи̧ųɶ˫۵㣬ô桢ôаôĻáôĿ֡Դ㽫Ҵ˻֮оȳʱҵľͲ֪ϵϣҵŮ㡭
УʲôݣһСؤѣô˳أûйŬ˵ȫΪ㡭
쳤ѵʱһɶǲˣǸʱҹĿɰǺԸԳļ㣬˼ҹɽ㡭
ʱˣĮø߰ȻôǸдڵһݴļȴͬˡŬĳŽӽ㣬Ϊҫս
ǵһԴڱӽȥǸ֦ôǣҸѧдûãȻȴǷҺܳʱĹд˳һ֪ҰɣΪĸĵˡ
ҷȻĴʦ쳽кøУҺʹʹ֪ôȫһԼĶ˶ߵз֮ʹ㲻ָܵģΪ㲻ҡ
ֻŬԼܹﵽҪı׼ֻȥ׷㣬СǧʱʧˡӦ˵ʧˡ
ΪΪаȻôİ㣬ô㣬ǶǵȴǲаֹͬҸսվ˶棬ǵҵô
˵ѾˣʵأҵЩõļ䣬һӶģΪ˸ϳ쳽Ŭƴҵܹⵤɻǵô
ٴθ쳽ִʧĿ⣬ϲȻ˷ħ裬ʧȥ˰ܹһЦʲôء
˵ǸԼ֧ôȥĶÿиʱҾͻҵİˣҵŮ㣬ڵңұҪɶĳŵ롭
ǵԼȴ֮еȫͬҿʧҺʹЩûз飬Һʹǣʹĸо


281 ɶ
ζңջǰ㵱ˣһֱڣûκת䡣̬ȣҺʹġ
ɶҸҿ϶˵뿪ңһķֻҪܹס㣬۸ĴҶԸ⣬˵ĶĻ
ദʱԽҾԽܷĵ㡣Ĵ棬ͬһңԽԽ
Ҷ˵ЩʱѾǳճյסˣ˫ųɶƺ޵廳֮С
۳ɶѾ棬˵ĽϵĲţӨͬߵһ䣬ڵſ˵㻨ꡣ
ЩͲ֪ʲôʱ뿪ˣӪһʮܰĻ
ҶƲŲæĴӻ֮н˫עųɶ̺ŨŨİ⣬һɶظһ飬Ұ㣡Σݰ䣡
ɶαװʮģһ̣ҶƳڻ
ҲģôһӶԼãôԻһȥߡգ˹ˣ
Ѿκεı䡢⣬µĶǵܰӿͷİ⣬ѵⰮ̫ͻȻô
òϣǰҶƵġԴ쳽ӰӴȫǨƳȥʱҶƾȡ쳽ĵλȫռŮģͬһ˿˿۸ͷ
ɶѾ¶ҪҶߣֻҪǸʱҶ˵κһĻ˵ͻֱתҶƵĻС
ǣûУ
ǸʱҶ߻ѩޱԣûУ
ǽգôˣ
ɶǰֲ̧ȥҶǵѪһµĻ֮Уˮ䣬ҶƵؿڣҶ֪ˡҶ֪ˡ
Ҷһ¶Υ΢Цֽɶӵ뻳С
ܰĸоͷҶȴûһ˿Ƿ֮룬ֻôĽɶӵڻУǼⲻ㣬㡣
˵Ҷ̤֮;ĳԣΪܹõŮ㡭գԸʵˣȴôĿġ
ԳɶİӹɵģļȴһӣѾҪԼһӵǸŮˣѩޱ
ϾһҶʹ˦˦ͷŻеųɶͬ֬һĺ󱳣Ȼбɴ壬ָȴɻ塣
ģҶƵ˫ִ˳ɶԲˮ֮ϣĿ۾ϵһһٵɶҡ㣡
ɶȻҪԶĵҶƻвѡϣĵϣ
ɶĽͷƿҶϵĿ⣬ԭЩŭʱɢҧǣѾѩޱˣȴɷµ׷ңҲ϶İûô֮ĹϵԵôԵô
Ҷעųɶ۾һһٵҾãⲢìܲô
ìܣβìܣɶе֮Ȼ֣ȴһ˿䡣
Ұ㣬ҲضìôҶƳճյ˲ͬиԵŵ㣬ΪʲôҪһȽأ
Ҳ˼ɶ΢Щ֮ϣοģ˭˭С
ôҪôҶƵ̾һжͬȼֵĺˣûдС֮֡벻㣬ͬҲʧȥޱ
ɶƺҪ˵ʲôĻҶ͵ٴνһӵ뻳У׵ĿôҪôΪʲôһҪдС֣֮ǱҪعĻǾ½һɣףҲѴˡ
ɶƺЩܽܣҶƵİȴѾˡ
ҡĴ𰸣ôҶˮĿųɶ֮дһ˿
ԲҶơҲܣҲھ͸϶Ĵ𸴡ɶͷܾĺˣҲ㣬ġֻһʱ䲻ôĽܰˡ㣬ܸһ㿼ǵʱ䣬ô
˵棬ɶѾӬһ㣬ɫߵͨ죬Ͼܹ˪ĳɶ˵ĻѾǷǳѵˡ
ҶҲòƣȻû̴ﵽԤڵЧѾǺˡϾҪһһڵĳԣ֮ܲɶҲǰԼģֻôһǾѾ㹻ˡ
Ҫǵ˵ޱȻޱԼƴӵģ漰飬ǻЩܵģˡ
ҵĺɶ
Ҷ֮͸޵ϲ̧ɶ崿ȴִһ˿ŵȥ


282 ͻϮж
ɶһ˫۵ɵôģûκηӳͱҶס˽۵ӣ̲סſҧȥ
Ҷ۵һ𣬵˿ûɿ촽ǶӰԵųɶһֻɶƽԼУ˱Һ˿˿ѪȸҺһŸӱµζ
ɶ⻹ǵһαǣȻǳɬЩ֪룬㶵Ĳ֪ôΪãɱҶƣסɶ಻ϵš
ܿ죬ɶҲڻҶƼ֮Уı۾ĵ̾һĵȥɡ
ҶƿɶûоҵķҲ˲ϵĽҺɶ΢죬ɢķٲŪϣһ˵ζ
ҶҲ۾ɶĿԣⲻϵĴš
ã֣Ҷƽɶһ˿У뿪۵ӣϢЩء
ɶƺܵʲôһ㣬ϾҶƵͻȻϮʹǾ죬ˣôҲûκôˡ
ҪģﵽˣɶԼһֱĸоٿҶʱ򣬾Ҳװˡ
ԶûСҶ΢΢һЦƺҪɶһ㣬ĲκΡ
ɶԼġ
ɶƺ뵽ʲôһ㣬ɫٴһ죬Ťͷ˿ȥ
˵ҪһЩʱ俼ǵġɶЩ˵ˮ˳ԵôĲ㵽װҵʲôˣһԷйֵĹߣ
ȻȻҶƻ񣬼æĵңɶ̫ˣոֻûסˣҷģûп֮ǰҾԲڶôˡ
ɶջûеֵסԼҶƵİ⣬ֻ̾һĵȻҪˣôһʲôأ
뵽ɶŤӣһȥӯ硣
ҶȻ˷ܣǴ˿۾֮л̺һЩǵɫ
ǶѾʱˣ㻹ĥ䵽ʲôʱ򣿡һҶĵ״ŪҶһ飬ع
ԶԶԡеǰôˣҶŭ漴Žµս͵سЩ˵ķ׷ȥ
ȫǰ
ҶƿŽµսٶȷɿĶ˿ռѷ֮С
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Ҷ߬ȭͷĿĴɨ䣬ȴҲѩޱӰ

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ÿһ׶Լص㣬ͱ̤֮ף㽫ò֮ǲĲֻǲᱻּĥˣһԶ򵽱Լһ֮ڣ񣡵ڶ׶֮ףܹɹռ䷨ʹײٿΧĿռ򡣵֮ףʱ䷨򣬿Բٿ֮ڵʱת
Ľ֮ף׵ĸıʽṹӶԼҪõĶҲ׻˵ĵʯɽ𡣵㵽һףͿİ塣λ֮ףᵽӴλʶҿ֮ľ档׽֮ףȵʵͿ׵ĴСǧ硣߽׻춴֮ףʱͿԸܵɽԴԴϵϢӶɽǿΪ
ڰ˽֮ףʱѾˣ㴥˹ɽԥĽ׷֮ǰħһʱѾǰˣѾʼ롮ˡĽ档ھŽ֮ףȵʱˣ޳ضĲٿ֮УҲʱҲܵɽĴٷɽ磬Ϊλˡ
齫ЩҶɵԲ
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֪ô࣬ҶƲԭԼҲֻһ֮ܣ
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ҶưһеķŭȫҪйЩħϣХԶĵѾϢҶƾԣ
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ĵͷѸٰɻôļ㣬˫ֲϵĽӡһɹƥӿֳΧռ䲻ϺХšһ˲ӷе֮д˳ŰĳǰǸħʹϳȥ

ʱ˭˽ͷ¶һߴĻ˲Ӱǰǿƥľ޽ƺҪնһУΧȼţӡϡ
ĸϵ˲ͷųĹǿҲ˲䳯ǰĶֳȥǸѹ׵ľа
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˫֣߸֣˲ҫ۵Ľ⣬˸о˲һ㣬԰Σ

鳾ɫʮĺͬʱԼĵ֣ҲͬʱԼĵ֣˲ö̺ӴϢľĴӷƮɳ˲ս
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Ȼûʹϵǿʵɲܹϵģ


286 ԩ·խ
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ʿһѵԷʲôƲܣ
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ҶֻоԼ˫۸˫ȶֹסĲݺݵҧأ岻ϵıѹȥ

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Ҷŭһ֫ŷױȵ˲ſϻԴ˲䱻һѪʧڿС

ҶƵ˫֮϶ѾŽɫѪҺεδڵ֮ϣһСӡҶƾһѪҲƽͨʿܹܵģⴥҲƻΪӴ
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Ҷ΢ЦſԶ쳽ĿһڽɫѪϾʩչϵԼ˵ǷǳѶȵģվǳɹˣڶϵиѾγɣ


289 
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쳽覴ѣ˫֮˲Сһ㲻һһѪ˲˱֮Уվû˳ƿ
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Ҷģ۵һѪĵ͵һȭ֮ϣŭĺš
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˫˫ۣ˫˫šԼٶȱ仯ţҲԴԴϵӿЩط
Ҫôڵģ龯һ˿ҶѾˡ


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޾ĿŭѾ׳ҶƵ˫һƬѪ죬ͺñҰ޵һˡ
˫͵չΧռ˲飬ֻ¡һߵĿռ˲ըѳΪ˵ǹ⣬޾ǿ֮С
ƬɫԼٶȴҶƵ֫ӶȥϸۿǾȻһƬƬŨܵĺɫƬ˸صĹ
ܿ죬ҶƵ֫ȫ˸Ƭӣ˫͵̤˿ռ֮ϣ˲Χռ¡죬顣
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һɫβ˲˳ɫĲƬβϵڿĴţΧһһռҲҲԶ顣
ҶƱ˾͵ţһɼ˲Χħ˲мʲҵĳӶȥ
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ѪɫϢҶżոմϳѪҺһ㣬ҿҶڷıԵȻżζôҲԱʵһӰġ
Ҷ̧ԼǲɫƬֱۣҲͳѪɫ浲ȥ
һӻѪɫϢۿ̾ҪҶĺɫ۵ֱײһ쳽Ҳӿ


291 ƴ
쳽ȻԵòμǲѾʼˡ
ܹۿҶ˵Ҳһַǳ٣ҲһֱҪġ㲻ܹɱôۿȥҲǲġ
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һ࣬ӵѪɫֱ˲ӿ֮˳ҶƵ˫͵ײһ𣬷˸ͬʱ˫֮˲ǿѪɫâ˲͸ҶƵ˫֮С
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ҶҲ̧ͷŲĺɫѾȻȥ˫۵һ˫õĽɫ˫


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294 Ը
ҶĴؿڲϵţ˫۽ĶſһѾɢѪ
ϵʹѾҶƱƣɲǽĸоˣҲôıɳȥ
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ڸɺԵҲѾָСϪˮһ鼰壬񱩵ɫĺγһתؾ͵ĦֲѹնŤ
ҶѾǻָ۷״̬
쳽ʧɫۿҶƷһҩģȻҩޱĶһƷã
ˣ˭ҩߵȽ׵ҶֲƴֱƷõģ
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296 䶨
ҶƼٵĳԭ·أȻ˵ЩħնΥԶΪŧˮҶлЩǣȻΪڶɵǣǵɶ
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297 ʹ
ƶһۣ̿Цⳡսʤʵ̫Ϸ绯ˣԭƾеսħŵħ߾ôת˲仯Ϊŧˮ
Ҳɺ֣һѪսǴ˿̲ŸܵĴȻѾվƴ½۷壬Ѿɾ𻯾Ҳѹֲס֮еȸ⣬˲Ÿо˲ס
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ƺһ˿ǸζϾƭҶƣҶƲ֪顣
Ϊʲô˵ҫǰֲҵڣȫ֪飡ʲôˣôǰΪϵӣֻҶѣ
ҶƺԤ׵ıˣŭ˭ôڹУ¶ŭİɣ
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ȻʹˣЩҲû֮ǰʵԴҶƼҫ֮ҶƵ̬ȾЩԼԼĹҲû֮ǰ⣬ֻҶûзѡ


298 ϲ
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ѩޱҶƹе΢΢һγ鴤ǿЦûʲôˣֻ廹ͿԻָˡ
ҶһѩޱЩζӣ΢΢һЦǰĻסѩޱ޹ǵ֫ĸҵĺޱڴ½ѾƽˣҲʲôµִǣòã
ѩޱͬ׺У˲佩Ӳס˰ΣŤͷŵĿҶƣѵ˵ģɶô
ҶƺǼᶨĵ˵ͷؿ֤¿ɼȵನ󣬾ǰֻ񣡡
ǣҸȻѺšѩޱҧҧ촽ҵ׸磬Ҳ²ˣҡ
ð졭ҶƵ˵ͷҷԸһ˾ͺˡ
ˣ㻹ûлشءԸôҶصһЦӿռָ֮ͳһɲݻָѪɫǾޱѪɫǾޱӺޣӵҫۡ
ԭҩѪɫǾޱɫ֮£ҩЧǿҲ
ѩޱճյҶƽɲݻָҩָϣʷΪݳ޵Ľָˡ
ҵȻԸ⡭

ڸļ֤֮£ҶƸѩޱڽΪ¡ѪвѾħŵʹҲѾȫƴ½֮ûʲôܹȫսأҲڵһƺҶƸѩޱĻ񣬳Ϊ˾ʵβ
ͬʱҲɺΪ£Ȼʮֵ͵ġһ¿ϲš


299 Ƶޱ
ĳɶƽҪչĲأܵʲô̼ˡ
£Ҳ˵硣еĲҪһҪǿʵеΪҶƸѩޱ˵Ļ¶ܵ˴֮ô˵ĶУֻȷֵˡ

»֮գͺȵࡣԭƾ˵ʵƾЧףǶûô֮ˣܹʹʹһΣǲף
ҶصĽѩޱϣŻһ㣬һĻŴϵȥÿһܸоһ˱ǵڹԼ

ѩޱڴϲϵĴؿ΢΢ţ¶ţɷˡһžϾò˲¡
κĹ⣬ӳѩޱ⻬Ƥһ㵭ĹΣǷֱϢ
ƺ֮һȼһ㣬ҶƵĿѣۣϾƾЧãеҲܲסͺһصȥҧѩޱĽ촽Ƭֽۡ
Ȼ֮ǰҶҲѩޱӹǣǻûκεľ飬ʧȥǵʱһҵĿҧѩޱ촽Ѿ΢΢
ƺƾѾ״ݻ־ͽͷѩޱСɵӣС֮У˱Ż۰ҺƺǸоҶƿ񱩵룬ѩޱ˸壬ӱĺһ
ҶסѩޱСɵ࣬ϵţҧ˿ûһ˿ɶļҶֻתĵط˫ֲʵǰɬķͣš
ȻһǶָȻûһ˿Ӱ졣ͬ֬񣬻жһ
ѩޱҶסҪ֮Щܣ͵ſ۾˫ɷ
Ƹ硭
ѩޱ߷ɬ־ϲԼҶŵԼ壬ҪڽҹܸҶơȻˣһСٴľ
ҲǴڰѵ״̬岻˷Ҷһ˫ǰҵĴ࣬СҵĲҵĻӦҶƣ˫ֱҲȻȻĲҶƵĲӡ
ҶҲ̲סˣ˫͵ץסѩޱ죬Ⱥ˺ѵ쳹ڷ֮ڣ˫ٴ˸߷壬˵Ĵʹ淢һͳĺС
ѩޱֻо岻ĲĻͣ˫ȷļнҶƵ촽ҶƶԱ˻Ƹ磬ҪҪң
ҶȻƣҲЩʶġôеĺǰʪ֪Լ˿̱Ҫжˣ͵һͦӣһоԼȰΧˬĸоͬˮһӿĻ
ƺռ䲢ҶƻĺǷѾŻ󻬣ͦɵġ
ѩޱһüͷ˺üƾЧʹʹ˺ܶ࣬ǱϾǵһΣѩޱʹĲ˹ȥԲˮ粻ϵĶţ֬һļƬ¶⡭
Ҷһײѩޱ壬˶Ѿʧȥǣޱ޼ʵļ֮С
ҶѸ͵ĳǸ˶Ϊ֮Ľ˿ûκϧ˼µĽҶƲϵĳҲʼתʼ
šš
ͻصĽ˿ưشкһһϣһȪʡ
ѩޱɫͨ죬ȴҸɫʹйޱ޼ʵĸоԼҲС
ѩޱЩʹȴԺѹֵҶƺ˷ˣҰѩޱĽ۳ҡѩޱ֮ͬеѵһҶۣڴ֮ʻ˵ʲôʱͻḲû
Ƹ硭һЩ
ԽԽСѩޱǶ۵΢ЦҶƻУЩ⡣
ҶԺСģСֻñһĿ飬ָöһ
ͷҶƻУƵ㷢ڳ⻬ıϣڵĺڡ׵İףޣŻнèĺҶҲʮƣı۾
͵ƻ˲Ϩһɴɫӡ
ȵ˶ͣʶ֮еи̾һõļ尾Ǹһˡ
û취Ҷ뵽飬Ҳ뵽ҶƿĶҲԿЩ߼ԸȥҲûа취
ԭ֮ĽӡȻֻǲ֪ʲô𡭡
ģʲôյҡҡͷ
ʹ˰Ժɶˡһʹ˽һǰδеĻԻ͵Ķ壬ֻǲ֪ǷҲء壬Ѿ˥ܾúܾˡ


300 
½ĺƽ밲ǳ˰֮ãҲѾ»֣ྮˮˮ
ʵ𻯾ʮ׵ҶҲǸһ޴ƿƺŸΪٻ֪ǳĸ
һȵʿ𻯾ʮ׵ʱ򣬾ܸоڵĴ½ʺԼѾݽߵؾѾʺʿЩڵŻһͣ𻯾Žףʵһ𻯾ʮףҪǷˡ
ڣҶҵħʣ֮һ֫ϳаħұۣҲûʲôźԸˡ
оҪٻҶҲԽԽţϾѩޱֻ𻯾˽׵ʵóȻ֮֮ȺףǾ͵òʧˡ
һ㶼ҵʵļ̳֮󣬲Żĵķ硣
ҶƱ˼Ҫѹסĸоȵѩޱ𻯾ʮ֮Яһȴѩޱܾˡ
˼Ҷзȥȵʵ㹻Ҳ׷ĽŲ
ҶΣյֵܣѡһڣŵǰĦҲǶԺķһе˽⡣
˵Ҳǻԭĺ󱲾ȻԼһ磬֮ҲֻǿЦϾҶƵ츳Ǳ˭Ҳܷ񶨵ġ
֮ǰѪʥĴ߸Ҷ֮飬ҲҶƣƾѪʥ𴫳ʵԿԽ淴ת

ձʡ
˵һǳҪӣǶҶƣǶеʿ˵
Ҷѡõķӣ
ҶѾܹĸоڵĿռλԼų֮⣬ƺݲԼһ㡣ҶҲʮֳÿһÿһÿһ붼Ҫķѹַĸоڣɸоͬˮıһ㣬ڳ
ϣħɱĵطѾһϵҲʮ֮ࡣ鳾ߡʮ硢ġ˶Ѿۼ˵أ
Ƿǳѵõģȥ֮ǰľսûôһ
Ҷƶվɽ֮ϣһϮƮǰķ˿΢紵һӡ
ͷ˶۾һգգĿԼ
Ϊ׵ơƺЩĲ̣Ƕ¿ɲģһСľͿܱӴѹΪ촷ۡ
Сģû뵽Ȼ֮еһﵽ𻯾ʮ׵ġҲǵһҪġǿɬŨŨĲᡣ
ǰû뵽û뵽ѾԶԶ˦ںˡЦ
Ҳ̾һСģ֪˵ʲôĻûˣֻϣܹúõģǧҪѩޱֵ֮ܲҲȥѰ㣬ŵ뷴ֲֻһѡ
ҶƲϵĵͷƺỨ˸ЩԼõֵܣֵܹܣ
ѩޱһϮվȺ֮УԭĴŮ֮ҶƵĿ֮øˣǰ͹̣ıƽ˼
˿΢΢⣬ȴΥĵЦݣƸ磬ңȵʵ㹻һȥѰģ
Ҷĵ˵ͷѩޱµԼг̣Ҫһֱѹסٻȴѩޱһˡ
ѩޱȻҪһʱ䣬ʮ꣬ꡣϾ˶ӵҶǼһ츳
ͻȻ֮зƱãŭرɫ
ЩڵԶɫһ䣬һٴеϸͻȻһݰϡ
ȻǹٻϾҪˣҲǷųҶƵ壬ųҶƵ
Ѿ˴½޶½֮ǿͣҲǲаֽʵ˲
ڵȵһˡԼ𣺡ȵ֮УһܵȵдġǵʹأĸˣҲȫļˡ
Ҷĵ˵ͷ˫֮г˶־
ڴ˿̣֮˲һӴֺƣǸͲҶƵǿϵĳ֮ϻƮȥ
Χɽʯ˲·ûгֹһ㣬˲仯Ϊ촷ۡƽشʮ룬ͬһ˾ﲻѡ
һµĵ˲˶ɴ۾ϸ۲ҶƵĶΧص䣬۾գһ£´ʲô
ҶƼҪƮϢ֮еʱһֲʧ߰Ĵ
Ȼ󣬵ȴκһ䡣˶ɻ󲻽ĿԴҶҲŤͷ˿ޱϤޱȶϸȴаûˡ


301 λ
ɶ㡭Ҷ˫۶ĿͻȻڿնһȹĳɶֹ
ӰѾаδˡԴӰǰԼѩޱʱͿʼ˱أ𻯾ʮĲأǽԼ֮ȴͻȻ֡
ֻһͣǾǳɶҲ𻯾ʮף
Ҳչ𻯾ʮף
ȵɶ֣ڷ֮ʣǧҪ
ɶɫӰڿƮţΧһȦµĵϣƺѾˣΧһжԵôгųš
үүɶתԭɽ֮Ҳһ˿ůЦ⣬˿˲ɵһһǲ˼ӡ
үүûйҲǵ𻯾ʮף
ɶ֮ƺ޵ľ֮顣
Ȼ󣬵ȴ㹻쳹ÿ˵Ķ֮С
ʲô
⡭
ɶȻҲ𻯾ʮף
ʿ̲סǵҶ츳̬ҲͰˣϾһԿħŵӢԽڶǰҲͰˣɶû뵽Ҳǲɽ¶ˮ𻯾ʮף
ʱıչؿޣȻͻף𻯾ֱ𻯾ʮףֱѾݲ
ƺסˣԴӳɶĸĸΪִɱʱҲͳɶһˡԸǸܷģʵ㹻ҲһѹǹɸоϾҪ͸Щһ
ɲһ޾ڣֻҪʵ㹻ûаֱӷӹ硣
еӣţҪľĸ
ԣܸųɶһҲɶôһߣ´μ治֪ʲôʱ򣬺ܿܣһӶҲˡ
ǣɶԼѡ񰡣ѵԼүүģҪô
Բᣡ
һƺƽȵĸоβźһȥɣɶүүҲĽŲֻ̨ⷲ磬ӹ̨֮ϣ˵ţ칵鲼ƺ鴤һ£еỨ֣ݺᡣ
ɶҧ͵һᣬǽˮѹ˻ȥ
үүһģ
תͷɶҶƣûκε飬ûб䣬Ҳûᣬƺƽӡ
Ҹ㡭һ
Ҷ𽥵ķĳȡǧں֮ӿһ̾˼ѹֵһ˲䱬
á
ҶƵ˵ͷ֣ɶҲ裬ҶС
ѩޱЩӣϾôˣҲࡣټڲҶƵĵ£ҲҶƻ
Ҷ޹ǵ֣һգһ֮С
ɶĵ˵ͷ𽥱顣
ųɶļ룬֮ȵĵϱø˸ŲõĹÿһܹĿռ֮΢ŤʵԽλݻ٣
ХƺһɼΪǿٻˣҲƺо屻ĲգܿѾ׵ĸ߿գ
ĶĿҲֻһСɽͷѣҲΪһ㡣
ʲôСķˣЩӦΪе˲ŶԣǿЦļ
ȥۿ֮еˮЦ˭ˣҸոֻǱɳס۾ѣ
ǰס۾˲ۿҲСĻϵġ𣿡
ԣ
ԣ
Ҳ
ӷˡ鳾ɫׯصľһ
еĬĬŵĵͷſеҶƸɶһ
Ƿĵľ⣬ǶҶµķṦΰҶ˵츳
ͬʱҲǵһ˷ˡһ
ڼҪâɵ˲䣬Ҷʵ𣺡ҪǱǰӣͬչͬýνߣϣǷܹΪƴ½ƽ㣬ǡǻĻҵһΣҲһҪǣ
仰ʱ¡¡쳹֮䣬ƺһ㣬ȡ
ӷġסˣ鳾ɫׯϵ
ҶοĿһƴ½ԼĵطԶǴĽȺǴôҲԼɳĵطɣԶָɽôɾһƺĸǰ
ˣƴ½
ˣ
ˣ
ˣɾ
ˣҵԼҰλ


302 
ƺǾһ˲䣬ҲƺǾһꡣҶֱоԼƮ֮ţͬ޸ĸƼһ㣬Ȼǣųɶ޹ǵ֣ΪԼѾˡ
ԭɳĸо˲ʧϡؾԼԿռųжѾʱɢӭģһӴȻʵĸоܵ޼ʵĺ֮⣬ƺԼֻǲ׺һڶѡ
âʧҶ͵۾Լһ޴Ĺ㳡֮ϣ޾գצ˸źɫصĹʡ
ҶƼæһ³ɶ֣ãɶҲûʲô飬Ҳɻĵɨܡ
áǿ
ҶͻȻоԼ֮ǰʵת䣬ԭǹѾʧȡ֮Ӵ֮⡣ƺ嶼Ѿռ֮ڡԪҲԵޱӴ嫣ƺԶĲһ㡣
תһס֮ףҶԼѾǽ˳֮ס
оԺ֮ƺЩʲôһ㣬һĸţҶƾϲķ֣һͷŵ
ҶĻϲѡ˵֮׵ʱͻһԼ֮иսԼռʱ˺͡
ǿÿ˶ģͬͷʱЧ˭ǿ˭ռˡ
ɶƺҲɻ˼ʲô֮˸һž⡣
ôҶվܵĽ
ҶĿռѷϷһ޴Ĺ㳡߷ֱͼͬĽһǱɫâǵİɫƺһ۾ܸоеİ֮⣬øСһ˸޾ĺɫ⻪ƺҪΧռ䶼һ˵ĸо˺ǲ
ʲô˲ĽأҶɻѡ
ʹˣû´ĻӦôڽ߷ֱǵŸħŵĽϾԶЩҲϤĶࡣ
ŶҶ΢΢üҹ۲ţ棬߽ɢϢôĲԳƣôĳͻ
û뵽½Ȼ˷ˣҼǵþһηӦͷ˰ɣһŰЦ漴һɫӰ˲˸ҶǰЦݵĿҶơ
һ°ɫӴһʿڽһϮۣ֮ˡӣȴ᲻ֺøС
ɫԵĴųɶٺٵЦ˼Сˣһʮֿĵ飬Ǹȴа취Ūö˶ʡôûȤһһ̽ɹĴ
Ҷԭżֹ˲ܶԷ˭ֻҪɶǾѾˡγէֱӳȻס
λѣǷʿѲߴͽ̡ϤһҲáҶȻǺܳ壬Ѿǽˡ
ǰûֱӳֶǺõģ
ʿɫҲһԭ۾ѱĿҶƣֿ˿˽յ֣ƺЩá
ҲãȰչɣʿ˼ɫñȷ黹죬ҶϵĿռָȰѿռָȻҾʹϤһէôһ򵼣֪㻹Ҫʲôͷأ
ʲôأ飬ĹزɣҶȻоЩΣʶѯʵ
ܣʹˡǶɳĽʹ𿴹ܽǾԲȡߵĲģҲϵŵĹأԣһԼŵġЩŭ
ô
Ҷ۾ǰƵòȻʵȴ಻ļһһŭڣȴʵڲ÷
ѣ˵ûĹذɣô̰ͼһССɢ޵ĲϹ֮˵Ҷѹסŭ𣬻ƽ˵
ǽȴһŭˣʮһ̽˳ɶֱۣ˵ĻǹأһССɢޣ﷭첻ɣô绽꣬Ҳֻһʿѡһ·ǾǰСǹӺúһ˵ӻᷢĸµȣ
ҶƺԤ׵˲䱬͵߬ȭͷĽɶһ͵һȭӭȥӴѹ˲嵴Χأʹ֮зһ졣Ӵƺ˲䶼ǽӿȥ
ǽ˴ʧɫû뵽һССĸոշҲӦĲȻ˵ı֣


303 覴
ǽʹһôҲû뵽ҶһȭȻǿƣ֮еѹѹֵӷۡ
˲˸鼱֮£͵̧һȭȥһǲ״ˮڿֱ֮ӳ˳һռʱ͵ѿҶǿĽɫ˲⣬˲ռѷʧ٣ͬҶƵһȭ
ʲô
ҶƴһѸڿնųɶһ
⡭ǣ
׶֮ף˿ռ䷨򣬿ٿΧĿռ䡭ҶƱʹˣֻ֮׶ѣҸо㲢һĶ֣
ҶƷŭҧأ㲻Ķ֣ҲһҪݺݵҧһ⣡Ҫһʱ䣡
˵ţҶ͵һӴĽɫԣҫ۵̫һ㡭
޾˲ҶΧĽ֮ǧŭһ㣬˲·ʧһ㣬ͷκġ
ǽʹƺסˣ૵
ɶҲ͵رһɫƺǳɶ
Ҷ˲ڿ𣬽ɶƳȥ㲻Ҫ֣֮飡
ɶһ㶣ȻǱʶԹۣɵվһߣҶƺ޲ı
˵ţҶ߷·һöĿĽɫͬɫҫ˲֣춯أ
ȻûʹĵȽ׸ߣӴԼ𺳵ʵǽʹɼģ
ǽʹ͵һҧΧ˲ųһɶǵĻѹУƺ֮ϱһɽһ㣬۵ļҪ
ҶѸٵĳȥӴĽɫâϵڽӣȻѾʮҵľ롣
Ҫ֪ƽ֮׵ʱ򣬾ӵҲСôܻҶʮҵĴС
ǸʹҲң֮ϣҶƵȫѹƣ
¡¡
ѸٵĽӽҲ޵ײţţռѣɫɫĹâϵĻ๥ţ㽫Ҽȥҽ㼷ȥĲֺ
ҶƸо֮УĵƺǿԼüɵʵǷӦٶȣӦ֮ǰǿ̫࣡
ҵ棬ȻԼԼıһѹסһЩʵܹʢʵԱһ
꣡
Ҷȭͷĵطռ˲ŵѿռλȻȷҪι࣬ҲֻѡҶƵʵܹڷ״ݻٿռ䣬Ҳһֻ΢һЩѣȻһЩǿԺԲƵģ
ռλȶҪȷǿ̫࣬޴ѷҲֻ˲Ϣָ֮
ǽʹ˫͵ڿգĻһ£һԶȾ˲סҶƵ壬ǴΧĿռԴԴϵĴģ
Ҷƴʧɫ͵ţ޼£ռǸһסҶƵ塣
óʵǿҲǿ֪ġȻҪҵĻҪǿֻҪʱ䣬;ԻΪǿߣʹɫҾԲôҿɲһպлɱҵĳ˼ȥ
ҪԹԹ˰ɣҡǽʹЦЦ漴͵һ֣Χռ˲仯ΪУ͵سҶƵ
ˢ
ꡭ
һⲻϵڿռ֮ǿռƬΪһҶ֮ϲϵߣ𻯾ĵƺ𲻵ôѾҿһѪĿġ
˻
Ҷ͵صһ޾ʹʹճϵ²һ㣬׸һ㷴ûС
ռѸٵĻţٶȳ죬ƺѾͻԭٶȵĽޣҶȻ弫ΪǿҲ˴ɵľ磬Ȼǽղ֮
㹻ǿǽʹһ˿յĹâ漴ٺЦ
仰Ҷ覴ѣŭĿӣ˫Ŀͨ죬ȫ͵ųϵĳΧĿռ䣬Ƕ޲ս˫ȭһͷһţǧҪ䵽ȻȻ
ʹЦһת͵س֮еĳɶȥٶȷɿ죬ɶĶ֣
ң
ҶƷŭĺţԼȫȻûһ˿취ڵѪ
ڴ˿̣֮ͻȻһǽʹӰ˲ڵһ㱻Ŵ˻֮Уһ¡졣


304 ħ
ҶƾﲻѵĿǸƺϵʹļһ㣬ɫѪҺҲֹͣ˿ѪĴ߶֮¼Ļָš
ǽ߲Ȼŭ͵ĺǵŵ飬ħűͣ
ͻȻֳһӰޱĿŵϵĽߣһһٵǵ黹˲أȻôһ·ͬŵѣ֮£ħŲ֪ǿǶٱ
ǵŵĽɫһ䣬ɫΪѿҲǵŵ飬ôʲô˼
ûʲô˼ֻǿ㲻˳۶ѣ
˵ţ·˲֮УֱһżΪӴĺɫϢΧռ˲ѣź˵
ǽ߷ŭĺֶ̫ͣˣ˵ţ΢΢ſһɾҵǿĿռ֮Ȼô˲ִ˰ŽߵУɢȵĸվΪгֶȥ
ֶ͵ĺɫżǿռкݺݵײһ𣬷һ춯صıըҶһѾǻָ˶ͬʱ˫һͬ·ѩһ㺮ǣ̧һǸ͵ĽɫâӰһȭҳ֮нϵ𵴣ĽɫҲࡣ
ɶҲǻ˫˲һӴı֮ΧռҲһͬΪ񣬲ϵĳǽӶȥ
ǽ˲ܵУʱԵЩ׽⣬ǿֶ͵ĺɫȴҶһȭݺݵ˶棬ɫâ˲䱬ȥһ͵ͷϵĳţƺͣЪһ㡣
ۣ
ǽ̲סһѪɫҰޱȣҲ
ʱ򣬳ɶı֮Ҳˣǽֻú˲ƳȥֻӰ͵һ˸Ѿǳ˰֮⣬ֻϸһ֮ԵɫЩ԰׶ѣͷ涼Ѿ˱
ǿıֶ΢΢һڳɶͣһᣬǲû̫ãҲṵ֮̂ɫҶƶĺøж
ɶ΢΢˿֮еĺһ˿δ
ҶƷŭ߬˫ȭԶĽߣ޲ҧһڸոյ裬һٱǧĻ
ֶ͸ֶվ֮УȻǸŵĽһãǶ֮׵ĳ˵ʵҪǽǿ˺ܶܶࡣ
ּģҪɱԷѾˣǵȽײʵ̫ߣ֮ͬҪɱ֮ͬ˲ס
ϾȽףٲ˶ҲһЩֶΣѹԵҪɱԷȷס
Ȼɱǻ˻ǿԵġʵͲֶͣټҶƸɶɵҲȡᡣ
ߣûˣҿ㽫Ҫνҵ֮УһԹɫš
֮Ƕ֮ôȥҲգҶ̧ͷǽߵ˫ۣһһ
˵úãֶ˫֮һ˿⣬ʲôŶһЩαӶѣϱʣڵʲô˵ĹȥҲգ
ɶҶô˵һҪ˵Щʲôһ뵽ոǽ˵绢ǵĿ⣬һĪķŭ
ʲôʲôа
һħһа
аΪûνа
ǽɫ͵ıͨ죬ŭҪ˵Щʲôֶ֮»Ҫ˵Ļ
ߣǡǡǽ߷ŭתǱӻ˽֮С
ֶ͵ıĿ˻ЩλѣǾȥˣǽһСǼ֮Ҽ̰ƺɫ˵μӺ㡭
ҶƵ˵ͷŭˣǧҪҵУȻҶã
ɶҲվҶԣҶƵȥҾȥǵɽ𺣣಻ڡ
Ҷһůɵ˳ɶ裬ɶҲûаֿܣҶϡ
һȥδأҶĶֶ͵
磬ħŰɣȻħⲢκãûЩαӺãаĻֲǽģֻһȺ׷˰ˣǰҲǴ½ģǰҲɵĵӰɣһǺԥѡħšֶ֮͸޵廳֮顣
ҶԺ֮ƺʲôæ͸ʹˣ㡭
Ҷ΢΢һЦæǲǵҲŵˣܣҴӦ飬ڣҴʲôӪֻҪҴӦ飬Ҿ;Իҵ
ãͬħţҶĿųɶ۾濴޵˳ӸˣһСŮһ㡣
ķ򳪸氡
ħ˭赲


305 
ŴƵĺŽв֪ȻһǿҵĶУȻϺ˭ܹ֤ǽأ
Ҷᴭһųɶֶ֣͵лλѵĹˣҲˣħ֮УԺԲߴͽ̣
ֶ͵˵ͷ¶˷ܵɫ˶ǷǳǱģպ˵ͻΪɵǿߡ
ǵŵĽˣֶǷĲмֻΪԼһ̰ƺɫ㽫ô츳˾֮⣬Ĳ֪˵ʲôˡ
ҺãѡԼߣ
뵽ֶ͵Ҳ˲֮ϣһ̤˲䳯ǰȥ
ɣ
ҶƵ˵ͷɶҲͬʱ̤ն𣬸ֶ͵Ĳȥ
ʹˣǡ΢Щĵ
Ҽħ֮УֻǵĿߵŵѣħ֮УҲһԼԭ򣬷ĺˣһ죬һὫħͷ­šģҶƻش
ʹˣҲ˼˶٣ŵħòǲʹ߶ɱɾˣҲ˳ҵһ֫ɾаħұۣѵͲħ飬ôħ֮У˻Ѩ
ҶƺԼĻסˣŵʹǧˣƾħʵֻҪһ۾ܹܣǰͬʵܿ϶ʱɾΣˣħԸ񣬾Բʲôϧ֮ˡὫɱȻаħұٴ
ҶƱ˵ЩҡˣƾҶƵĽҲٻͷȥˣ֮еŸħУռ硣ʵ֮ǿöᡣȻ֮ҲһЩӲдСţǸλǴһϺ׶ѡ
Ŀռѷ촦ѾŸħռݡ˷ôƾԼѡŻħšС岻֣ҲΪʲôҶԭˡ
֮ͱҪ֮һѡҪħţҪţûеѡ
ҲİԵ֮ɣ˼ҵȷʸҲʵԵ
ֶ֮УΧڹӣɢµϣ֮ϵıǳһ㡣
ɶҧס촽ħţ֮ǰǴ붼û飡Ƿ磬ҲûôෲˣܸҶһ𣬵ȷûʲôηġ
λǷļģֶķʵƺҪϵһ㡣
󡭡ɶòĵ˵ͷ𸴵
ڡҶ͸һĪЦ⡣
ɶԴҶƵ۾֮еɻһ漴һ˿Ȼɫ
ڣڣֲã
ɾҲֻǶڸͷֶ֮ѡ
ԭӣֲɾƾһССĶţȻ˵ĵ̡
һжڳɶ˵ҪˣɾҲãҲգûʲôϵˡԼѾҪصĸҶһˡǰ黹
ڿаѾõ࣬ȻҲħ֮ˡ
รߴţֲãֲþȻλ˲ŰֶƵƵͷǧǰģȺŵˡ֮ſԼ֮УΪų˭֪ͱǵŵЩ߹Ϊסˣȥҵжоǿһ޶ҺħŵĽʹңΪ˸мħ֮С
ڷ츳ȺңŸоԼǹСǧ֮þȻҲֻڳ·һ׶ѡʵ΢˵ֶ͵ƺЩһ㡣
ǧʱŽһסҶƸɶȵĳͣɴ˿ɼ֮Ƕôˣ
ħŵ۵˶΢оЩӦ۲֪ʲôƳɵģ󻬣ҷ侪ˣ˿ҶŵѾƻ𻯾ۡ
ɶһϮۣ֮֮ǰİȹȻűջУǵķ·һжĵ龭ɫĵ׺ǡôֳܹܽɶȵģһͷڷ˼٣΢΢ɢ£Եʮء
ɫýɫ˿ŵĻʮҶƴԵӢ࣬ڷ΢΢£֮һ̲ŲĹȪֻҪһעͿв԰Σ
˻ŶԷӶԷ֮пһ˿Ϸ֮⡣Ҷƣɶ˴ʱ۾ֱˣȻĿ֮еɽһֱǰȹ·ŮڷƮƮôȻҲʮ
ҵŮ㰡磬Ĩǹ׵ζ


306 ħ֮
ֶͽ˴˴֮еһƴԣѾħŵͨˡħŷΪͨӡӢӸĵӣÿһȵĶŲͬȨҪȨͱ뾭ˡ
ҶƵ˵ͷȽ׵ĻֵǸŻֲһ¡Ȼġ
УֱӴ͵ħ֮ڣĵȡԼʵֻܹµ㣡ֶ˵
ɶʵǵӵȽ׵Ļǰʲôأʵǹͣ
߶аɣħŲڵľͻŵս˭õĹͶɳǨֶͳǿǧҪģħŸűƲôսȻҲʮּҵģ΢һСľͻᶪȥ
лʦˣҶƹĶֶһ
޷ҲǷˣȻ֪еĿʿ𻯾ʵؾ𷲽Ҫǿ̫౶ֻҪܹﵽٲֻǧҲܹﵽľ磬ȴ֪ЩǸ˶ͲŵһֶЩ
˵Щ˸еˣǻ߰ɣ²˳٣ȵǳɹϣǻǵҡֶЦǺǵ
ȻʦֶǵЯҶƳصĵ˵ͷ
ã
ֶ͵˼ӡֻǹâͻȻ˸΢΢ĺ⣬ҶųɶС
һҪס·ĵӶһǧҪأɱ׶ֶҶеһ̣ѵ
ҶƸмĵ˵ͷ漴˵Ӱͱ޾ĺڰɡ
ĵȴ
ҶʵڴԽռλϤˣ޷Ǿһ޶Ʈжѡ
ǰͻȻ̵֣Ҷ˫ۣ˹֮С
һȽϺĴ֮ڣǰżɫߣһϮ۴磬ݵλȴǲ͡
æ˺þãŽ˵ϢǼȥԼס
ǲȥתתɣҶҲ˽һħŵĹ졭ҵǺ֪ħžж󣡡
ɶ˵ͷĬĬĸҶƵߣţһ໥˵һ㡣
תһ䣬ͻȻӳģһ޴Ĺ㳡˵ǡ޴󡱣Ǿ鴫ӴĹ㳡ռʮӿŵĶǺɫӰЩɶħŵĵӣ
Ҳֻ֮࣡һ㳡ѣԶĻֺĴӴĸɽâ䣬ƺҪĵеһҪĤݵĸо
ħ֮ô
ɶҲסӣȵĴɨţе֮ɫһҲҶƵϰ֡
ǳ׵߸е󣬸ħűǷΪķҲ˶ѡ
ĽĹ죡
һΧһӣҶһ
ȥɽǱ߿ɣҶųɶ
ɶ˵ͷ
ҶһһĮȻ裬ôת͵سԶĸɽ֮ԾȥڿлһĨĻߣ
ɽ֮ϣɽͻɽͣһЩӴĺҰİİɽ֮Уۣ֮ɽݣƻֺ׳
ҶƸɶĽŵշţֻ̫ϢϿЩ޵ϢҲԶǿ̫࣬Ҳ֮׵ʵ
ӴݣоɽͣƤޣħ֮ô
ħԶеĴö࣬һյ̤շУɽɽżħŵӣҶŻȻɽ֮ԭħŵĵط
ণ
ʯͷһԽҹգͻȻ
ǿ֮£һֻչʮɵľӷɶ˫չ硣͵ش֮ϸҶһץ֮ռѣ
Ҷһųɶ־˲֮УٶȻɿ죬Ȼû˦ֻޡ
ֻȴǽ׷ᡣҶڴɽ֮εתۣأ޷ֻ
ঽУ
֮£Ҷֻѡƴһѣ֮׵ʵӦò̫࣡
ӴĽɫ˲ȳ漴ҶΧǸɫҲֳŭ飬ҶƻʵҲ࣡
ҶƳ֮Ϊ
ҶƵͿѿռ䣬ƺƵĳǰ޵ͷҹȥХڶ
һӲıҶӷȥĽɫԻ壬һУϵëĶ
мŭҳһȣһӴ𵴶ֻһҶһɽ˲顭
ƻŹһঽУڿһΪһĨֱҶƶȥ


307 ɱ

ҶԼԼŭ֣˳֮ޣǻ۵ġ
ɫĻҶȭͷ֮ȼţֻҶڿѸٵķ˸ӴĻ֮˲ͷϡ
أ
޷ӦҶһȭУһĲҽ𣬸ߴξȻ˲¶˺ܶ࣬ǻǷųë£һЩѪȥ
޴࣬˱һҪ޿ԣֻС۾˸ſֲĹâ
޶ɿ죬ֻ˦˦˲伸͵ϢΧռ飬˲ӵҶߡ
ҶƷӦͬʱǹϢ˲ڿ֮ըѣγӴ˷Ϯ
ŰԳԵʮҰԣ񱩵ΧĿռ飬ѹȵĸо˺ǲ
һĻᣬֵǮĶ͵Ķ˶ë˻еǼ֮Ƥ
ҶüͷųɶգӳǧҲʾѪ೤Ҳ׷ȥɽ֮䶫ء
ùȥˣ޾Ȼû˿֮⣬ٶҲԽԽ죬ۿϾҪ׷ҶƵĲҶеɱҲԽԽǿ
ȻҶͣȵȻӿ˲֮һõĽɫԣ͵һ£ռ֮˲һֻҶûĽɫƣӿΣһĳմѿ
ɱһƣͬ׵ǿҲӲȴǹЦӲǻӶƬһĳ˹
أ
Ҷֻһƴ˼᲻ɴݵ֮ͭϣֱһŵ˳ʮѪǿҵķţ̲סڶ
ԭҲ͵öһ£Ǿȵ࣬ǿǷʲôط
ҶƲԣһʵ飬ô죿޵Ѳ
֮еĶ˴ڣϢԺܺõѹ޵ʵ޸ǣȻХʩչһƿֱӻɱ
ҶƵͷȻǾͺðˣ
ҪҶƳ˲䣬Ҷƻ˲ͷųһɲõĽɫԣȻʮң
һŭ˶Ĥͣ
ʲô޾ֵĴеΪооȻѹɵʵ
Ȼ⡭Ҫ򣬵ҶѾӽ壬ͬһգͷҫ۵Ĺâ
ӴϢԴԴϵĴҶƺоԼһӲζȫǵͽ޶ڸ߽޵һַĵĳ
ⲻܡԲܣֻһոշʿѣôӵϢĳҪҶƵ򣬵Ѿˣ
Х֮žҵĽ⣬һӰϵĴţǰϢˣռ䶯ѣؾı
¶֮ɫŭԲɱ㣡˵ţ޳֮˲ȳҵĿ磬ҪҶƵԶԶĴɡ
ҶжȻһ˿â͵һȭݺݵ޵ϡ
ۣ
һ촫ҶֻһӴľѾݺݵĳȥ𵴵岻ϵĲš
ʱҶƵХѾһҶֱ֮ϣƺһ㣬ɫâޱҫۡ
𣡡
ҶХ֮ϵ͵ŭһۿɼӵ˲͵ĳӶȥʱ֮вϿѣһӳ
ӴĽɫƬ̾͸ס޵壬н˸ԼԼӰ
ণ
޿͵Ĳҽţ˫ķȶƺҪȴƺܹѹŵĽɫסˣϢϵŰţ̵ڡ
ڸоһɿ־˵ѪѹҶôһȭҲԵֵģôҶսȥ깦һ
Сӣסˣ
ɫڲҪɫâ֮Уǹâȴ·᲻ɴݣ޵塭
¡
ɫâ˲䷢Ľɫ˲ϣ漴һҫ۵Ĺâ
ذɽѣ

ҵĴţָоѾ
ռʱһƬڣǵҵĽɫâ޶Ѿʧ٣µֻпǿѵѷ졣
̡
Ŀռѷ켸˲޸ϣֻΧɽѾǲٸԭˡ


308 볤
Ҷ΢΢Ĵֱ۶ЩֹĲȻǸɹʣЩƣ롣ľ޵ѪӦòʲô⡣
ɶ߹֮о֮ɫİҶȥ˶ͷĺˮ̬ȻһСŮһ㣬龰Ȼڳɶϳ֡
Ҷһů⣬ס˳ɶ۵ơ
ǻǻȥɣʵΣաҶ˫۶Ŀųɶƺ
á
ɶֻشһ֡
಻ɽ֮йΣմ˾ţ֮ƹΣյޣĺ֮ǰϻħ֮С
ħŶڵӵԼôǿƽֻҪûʲô飬һ㻹ǲȥӵɵģÿһ·ĵӶҪһλħų¡
غǹգֻзʿſ԰ʦЩԭ֮еȴô
ΪħҲԼĿǷʽӷһܼģһ˲ŻΪպҪħŵĳϲŻô
ǧһʮˣλħųϵÿҲܷ̯ӡ
ֱħųˣպΪӢӻǺĵӵĻҲһЩ
ҶƸɶһ֮ɭȻѹ˺ǲûбѡֻӲͷƤ߽ȥ
ڸʱ˾ͱ߳ϣΪǰ϶иԷĵӣֵ볤ϵʱǡ÷꣬·ĵӾͱ䵽볤ϵ£볤ϵĴҲǵһ볤ϡ
ƿɫţҶһУɭɭĴƺûһ˿һ㣬·ħͨҶɶݼ볤ϡ
أ
˲䣬֮˲ͻȻĹâҶ΢΢üͷǴۡ
һӰڴ֮ϣҲһϮۣؿڴ˴ݵһߡ֡
˫ۺǣ·͸һһ㣬ƽˮŲĿɨҶϣҶԼԼһɷŵĸоƺԼһж͸һ㡣
ʱһһĹȥ볤ϻûгҶƸɶĶͷҲ亹ƺޱȡ
飬ᱻɣҶƵ
ģʹˡӵйаħұ۵˱Ǹоͬʸаħұ۵ĴڵģȻʹóˡԴһ˿𣺡볤ϣʵǳǿҲǵ˳ףת֮ף
Ҷô˵ЩŵĴǿߣǷħţҲûмǿ˰ɣ
ã볤ϲŻڣǾдԣͬʱҲ˻һ
˵Ļǳ㰡Щˣϵ֮ˡ
ҶƼæлʦ佱
볤ϻ˻ֵˣԺµĵӡסȻǴӷ򲻿йҪΪԼѾ޵ˣֻǷ磬֮УֻǴһ϶ѣ
ҶƵ˵ͷɫࡣ
չӦɱڸȻָǱԸôΪ͸ιǳԷһ˵𲻵˿Ч
ɶüë΢΢һʦ˼ǣ
ǷſȨޣȥĲڣѰṩκϢȻչһЩʶҲκεָһжƾԼֻǲ֪أ볤΢΢¶Ĩ⣬˵
Ҷ΢˼һ볤ô϶ǱĵġϾ˭ϣԼͽɲţĻʦҲʮйġ볤ȴճƣֻֿܣһ볤ϱġڶֿܾǣһԼĴ㡭
ôȻǵڶֿԸһЩ
Ҳûκɾܾ
볤ϵ˵ͷȻʮӣ˵ɣ
˵ţ볤վȴԵõһ۸еޱӢ䡣
ҲϽȥ
볤ߵм䣬ĺһ˫۱֮лһռȻǰ֮оȻѿһ޴Ŀռѷ졣
һֹ𾪲ѡ
һͨռķڷۼڶ೬ڵǿ߲ǿһʹ볤ֻ赭дһֱˣĸá
ɣ볤̾˿Ӱ˲С
Ҳ˿ռѷ֮С
ռתͣ任ΧľҲԼٶȳš


309 ʥ
ಣ
߾ھֹŷѾһӻԻ͵Ľ֮ڡΧŸ־޴ܣߵľȻʮ׶࣡İڷŵȫ鼮
볤ϵĲˡһЩ鼮ǳʶԵ鼮һЩǹͨһЩǽ鼮ˡ
඼ֵһĿȻ
ȥѰʺԼͨɡ볤ϱ˫֣̾һתͷȥˡ
ҶƸɶһۣ˲УѡŹ
񹦡
޾ơ
Ҷνķ鼮Ժ֮һЩͨûȽף˭Ҳ֪ľǲǺõĹ
볤֮ǰҲ˵ˣÿֻܹѡһҲ˵ֻһλᣡ
ɶü΢ȻҲʮֵľᣬֻƾŸоѰҹ˭ܱ֤Ѱһϵĺùأ
鼮֮УҶƸоԼǴĺһ㡣ԵôĹ¶
ʹˣǰߣڶսǴգһϵڶ͵͵Ĵ˳
Ҷһ𣬼æͷ볤ϣûлعͷɺű𷽡
飬ܸоôҶʵ
Ȼʹˣڸ߽׹һԼԼĸ֪Ӧûġն
Ҷĵ˵ͷʱ˿̳飬Ҳûбķˡ
գ濴ȥһܣڶ㡭
Ҷٵɨš

һòĻƤ飬ּȻЩˣǻǿԿġ
⡢֡
Ҷ͵һĭз·ӿһ˷
ɶھŲ֪ʲôãҶĬĳߣǣһܡɶҲûоֻܾ΢Щɡ
ҳһ飬ݸ˳ɶҶû˵ֻôĿųɶ۾˸ŵĹԵ˼ǣң
Ȼɶ֪ҶΪʲôô϶ǻǷĵѡҶƣǱУֻĸ֡
顢ܡ
ɶ̧ͷ֮΢ЩɻҶƼᶨĵ˵ͷټ˹ͬ߻ȥǰ볤ϣľһʦѾѡˣ
볤Ťͷ˫Ŀ֮˸ŸӵĹʣҲе鼮ƺһ֪һ㣬Ц˼
ҲҲˣûʧ볤ϹЦƺǿʲô˷ܵ飺ܲصʥҲǷˣǵĲһĺð
ʥ
Ժ֮ͬʱʵĴʡ
볤ĿĿҶһۣ漴ջĿ⣬ʥһ֮ͨϣϵ֮µһ֡ǿҼΪ֮һʥû뵽ԶǷˡ
ҶһĪ˷ܣĻĹá
Ʋ鲻̸ȸǽһɣôˣǶ˻û˽أ볤һӣռһŤӳ֡
ɣ
볤˲һŷֵλȥ
ֶĿɿڴҲһȥ
磬ֱħŸţ˾֪顣ǻһЩصԶһ壬֮еǿĲ䡭ֲ֮С
ħŸƲͨɱħŵΪ٣оĳȥⲻ֪ǲĻ볤һ˿ľ⡣
ħŲһ׷ķʽˣŵȺα˵Ҫϲ֪ٱ
ǼȻħţôȻҲƲˣħţŵĵӾͲҪ顣ȻǿҲǲġΪ˵ܹݵλĵʯ
滹ɽ磬Ͱɣһħ֮ڵıֻͽϣһҪ⣡볤ϴ΢ЦҲϣǧҪûʥ
ʥЧԼһʥǱˣ֮ͨ鼮鼮ǿɷ볤Ӱ˲֮Ť漴ʧ٣ֻˡ
ӦôŻǱ֮ˣ
εҡҡͷҶƵɶǻǿЩаɣȡսʥȻճȥҿɲһֱ桭
ɶҲ˵ͷܲĽܣĿ
ҶҲɫׯصĿš
ʥ˵ѩ̿


310 
Ҷϥţ⻯һ󼤶˵ıĿ
Ҫ뾫磬뾫ͨ
ʱת۹ȥ죬ҶƱĿϥ鵭Ȼޱϲ֮תһǿҲţһ󶯵
ҶƵʶޱ޼ʵİھ֮С
УҶƵʶƮƮ⴦ޱ޼ʣʱûпľͷ
Ҫ뾫йͨҶЩ
ͣ
ʱҶƵʶ˲䲶׽һɫӰ
ҵˣǹͨӣҶʶһεգҵеӡȫγɵ
ɫӰٶȼ죬һţ֮ԼԼģĲӰ
ܵɫӰߵĹ켣Ҷʶһţ˲糱ˮ׷ȥգ۱㿴ɫӰ
ⲻ֪һһ
ɫӰȻԼģһģһ˫ֵ̥һ㡣
ֻ϶ɫģƤĻɫͷüëӣǴɫ
ɫӰƺû־һ㣬Ȼӭ泯Ҷ˹֮һ˿ɱ
ҶһδɫӰȻ˲֮С
ʹ࣬ˮһʹ࣬ԴԴϵӿ
ȻҶȻʹսţҲǼȵŤı˼Ϊ⣬ƺʹдڵЦݡ
ͣ
һڽɫѪ³Ҷ˿û⣬оϲȻֻںӲſԸ繵ͨ
ǸҶڵɫӰڲϵıҶƵľţֽš
תۼ䣬Ҷƾĥµ˲ѿӴĺԤ׵ʹҶɫһ䣬һѪٴήҲѡ
ǣ˺ѵʹҶƲ˲亹૵
걻Ӳķָ룬һֽɫӰڣһȻҶƵڣɢǿơ
Ͼ֮ǰҲǰģǿҲͬ׵ǿĶˡ
ȸտʼɹʱҶָо겢ȱһԺһС
ʲôطأ󷨼Ȼʥ֮һǾ;ԲܶߵʲôˡȻǾǼˣһʲôûзֵģҶƹ۲ת֮͵۾һ
ˣҶ͸һǿҵţѾȡϵҲµûдٴνʱȫΪȫ塭һ꣬ɫ֮УӦþҵĻɣ
Ҷƴ˿Ƽգ͸δй峺䡣оԼдһͨӶżĲѾʼң֮ʱ׻кֱ仯
֮Уһðɫ˸ҶƲվһ߻ģȫһģ̳ġ
ҶĿŽɫڵ֮꣬ɹںϡ
ҶЦǸɫӰӵҶһ꣬ҲԼʶҶʱضԿ̽뷨ġ

Ҷƶǰɫ
ǣ壡ǸɫӰĻһ䣬ɫڵ֮ϣϵʲô
ҶͻȻоһѾõȪɺԵСϪ֮һ㣬ԼȻĸоɫӰĶ
ʲô
ʲô
ϲ
ҶƼоԼ඼څ̫ˣ
ԺҶճԺֻ֣ҪԼͣô൱Լ
ͬʱǿ˫Ч
ҪͨҶȫԻһʱ䣬ȫƾʡһʱ䣡
ֲñΪʥ鴫
ҶƵĶڲͣ硣
Ҳ֪˶ãҶڴӿϲ֮лָɫӰȡְɣͽɡ
˵ͷƺʮֵϿɡ
ɡҶƸԼʶǾˮһȥ˲ָ˱ʶ
۾ֳɶ֮УҶҲûдţĻϲ֮ϣķ
Щ伮볤صģȻʲôֳûӪĶҶҲǶĽζ
ΪӴĲ֮УҶƸûʲôʱҲ֪ʱȥˡΪ𻯾֮󣬾ͲҪԶˣԶʱҲܶࡣ
ת֮ףǳƺˣԸԼȡһƺšҶˡѪʥӦǳƺɣ


311 캮
֮󣬳ɶҲĵѹһ˷ܵվ壬˫֮˸ӨӨĹ
ܲΪʥɶ΢΢չһЦ˪ĵ˲ȥҶȴһ
ŶܲôҶƸȤʵ
ɶһҿҡ
ֻ˲䣬ɶٿȻʧֻԭһģĲӰûκθоҲûκ죬ٶȾô죡
ಣ
֮оǳɶĲӰıһӰ棬ҶʶҲı塣
ˢ
ǽ˲ʣ֮еٲӰҲ˲ٵɫĹ⻪ͷĳҶϮۻҡ
Ҷһ֪ɶ˺ԼҲûʲôӳ
棬ɫ⻪ûаֻĵҶߣɢȥٸһ쬵Ŀӣޱȡ
ಣ
ɶӰ˲Ҷǰϴ񾲵Цݣ˫ˮģƺ˵һ㡣ɫ˲䵴ӳĵɫˡ
ÿٶȡҶƳ̾ܲô
ȻֹɶֻһСֶѣֻ˷ëǡˣĻôˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦϵھռٻʲôͻȻһɫĹâӳ漴һӰͻأĳҶߡ
ŴкҶƴֵ
áɫ֮һ˿âĵ˵ͷɫôĮ
ɶǱһҶƵĻЩʺ죬˭ţ
ҶƴֵЦǣҪȰҪˣ
ɶɫһҶƸϽʶȤջЦݣһɫĽЧýܸ˳ɶüڿڱǡ
ǿҪҵܲҪһΣɶĵĳ̾
Ҷ΢΢һЦԡ
ˣǧ֮ҵʥģʿûô󣡡ɶ΢΢üͷǷʵ
Ҷʼ磬˭أɡ
ɶȻдŲţûм׷ȥ
תͷҶƵʮĶ̧ͷʦ𣬵ѾʦĿ飬ϣʦ֮гŵõӳȥ
¡¡ţصڿյĲ֮С
̡
ͻȻԤ׵ѿˣ볤ЦݵĴӿռѷ֮ˣĵ˵ͷȻûй̶ʮ꣬ѾʥȻڻͨһľ룬Ѿܿɹˡ
ʮꡭ
࣬оȥ¶ѣȻѾʮˡ֮Уʱĸ𷲽ҪǿĶࡣ
ôô볤ٴռѷ֮У֡
ҶƸɶʵǴˣæ˿ռѷ֮С
ĵȴٴγ֮ǰĴ֮СʮȥˣǶݵʮѣʩʲôĶûκεı仯
ѡȷģ˵ĳɳȱ֮еĶҪ졣볤΢Цſˣǲ׼˵飬ѡҲѡУоϰɡ
ҪȥҶƱͲϲһطޣŵйأǿôֻ±롣
һѡſ޺ˡɶĵ˵ͷ
ѡҶƲûʲôȵĵطɶŮˡΪȻչ˰֮ãɴ˿ɼĵǿ֮Լ־ġ
һûȹ̳֮ףбչؿްɣҶƵ۾Ľ͵
áҶƵ˵ͷһӻкܾãʵǲżôһСᡣ
볤Ͽųɶϵıǽ֮һ˿ɻռָһͨˮɫЩ͸ķУݸ˳ɶ
ⷨһ֣ܵ¶ȶȻռҲƺŤһš
ΪĵӣûһֵķɲСʵǶ˵ûκ;ˣ͵Ǳ͸ĺˣ볤ɫ
ɶһȻⷨǼƷæӹа档
˽Ի캮ʮ꺮̶ɣʮַǷ֪˶ٱ볤ϵ
лʦ𣡡ɶϹıƳһѪ
Ѫ棬캮˲ͷųһɫĹԵʮֵľԡ
ôܸоĹҪ볤ǵƺȫ͸Ҷһ㣺ûи׼
ûʲôʦ˵Ĳӵȷڷû̫󡣡ҶƵ˵ͷʮͬ볤ϵ˵


312 Ӣ۾
ղգõ֮УҶƾ뿪ħ֮С֮·ʮֿ˭Ҳ֪ǰʲôڵȴԼ
ſռָ̨֮֮ڵĻ̫ǣҶ΢΢һЦû뵽̨ôǿȻ˹ȥ
̫Ǿ̨֮УҶһͬʵ㣬̫û취ֻչأȵʲôʱ򵽴˳ʱ򣬲ܴ
Ƿʮ̲Уǧɽ̲챦ϡֲﶯдšɽɽԼȡؾܹΧںϸӦ
ʱ˿Ҷٶȿ磬ȶܱ⣬һ֮䣬ǧ룬˲Ϣ͵ûһƿƺһֵķնתΪ˼ǰĶǴﵽ֮֮Ķ
̤֮շţҶƸŲãأһ׳־
ãأ˭
ҶƵһΰ˵ʫʣи׳־ơ
ͻȻ·֮ƺһŮӡҶವһ´ӿͣƲ֮Умһźɫˮţʱ淽ԲǧɽɽˮˮһһľһҰޣ绢ǣӥ۵ף˫֮нӿǧ֮ڵһо￴ľ֮ϵ·Ҳɼ
ֲ
ʱ֮䣬ҶһƬɽҰ֮䣬ƬõǹΧһŮӣȻʿڶȵŮɢģ
ŮΣڼƬǹĹ£ʱ⡣Ůһֵһ淢ĵźţݵ֮Уⷢɢ
ŮһϮۣȻħ֮еĵӣһϮײȾİۣӦþǵ֮еĵˡ
ͬѣ²˳٣
ǼƬǹʿ£ͷǹڣģ˷ȻȴʮֵݶƺڵϷŪŮ
ߣħŮԹԵĸոյõıֻҪղŵõıǿԲɱ㣬ֻշȻ⼸ƬǹһҪɻˣʱɶȲรһɽϣһʿָһƬǹ⣬糤һŤм䱻ΧŮЦ
ҪˣħźԶһ̣㷢ȵźţ˭㣿㺰ƺҲģһŵʿЦ
ʲôţһȺαӰˡҴ⣬ôܽסңŮӷŭҧ촽
ߣ˵ʲôأǼ㣡ŮħʲôϢξͷ֮գҵ檣ɱȵ˺ħҪõöˣǧҪʶ̧٣
ʦܣϻʲôֱӽ£ǼͶеˬˣһʿٺٵļЦѡ
˼һʿҲЦ
ʿ໥˵Ůӵһģȴ˿ɡǹԽԽȻһŹ򣬰ŮӰУܻ׽Ĳݡ
⼸ǹ⣬Ƿһؾɵķ
⼸ʿǳһת֮׵ʵȻΪߣʤӶࡣħŮҲ֮׵ʵǹµ˹ѣѲڡȻһ档
ŮĲϽˣôͱˣʿŮȻûס֣ͻȻһǹʱâʢ
һʿЦѣеһҩ͵ŮϣŮӾǺ;
ϻɢҩЧ͵Ķʦܣеˬˣ
Ůӱ۾ҧס촽԰׵֮ϺѪɫ΢΢ĲţȻһ½ҩ˴롣
ҶûпϸڣΪŮ֧ˡ֪ԼֵʱˣȻԷʿ֮࣬Ů˵һƴ֮ʵڲܵĻԷҲҲϲϵġ
ĲУ̨֮С֮Ҷһк·
ߣ֮ˣȻȹ֮£Ҷ͵ش֮ϽŻֺӴƣ˸Ž͵
ˣ

ܣ
ĸʿ󾪣ͻȻܵĴһ͵һŲǹٵĳȥ
Ůϲ̧ͷȥɿҶģһ˵֮ϣֻһ޲һ׵ĹѱҶôһѿ
ĸʿۿҶƣһЦӢ۾ôǹܰɣ
һģϧҶûȤ
ɱ֮ǵĹֶһݰ
Ҷɫ䣬վŮӵǰѯʵΣܼܲսˣ
ŮһԲλѣһһ˿ûУˡ


313 һ
һ˿ûôҶһǰĸڵʿĬĬš
ȻԷ˶ڣԼƾХδûһս֮ǴŮȴǸ׸һıһ⣬ҪһûκΰҪԼˣʵеԽ
ǶʿȻҶ˼ʱ䣬һɫĳȻ︽ϡ٣˵ʲôʱǻб˾ġŵĵӺϻһħŵŮӣһҩʵ˵ȥԻսپĺá
ʿ˸ǹ⣬ǿƺҪҶסΧҲǹĵԵʮִ
ߣ
Ҷкһ׼Ǹվǰʿֱۣ͵һƿ͵ȹȥһƺһ̶ƿ֮
Ϊ׵ʿЦһ˭˵׼°ɣ
ͣ
ȻܿʿЦϣһӵľʹץҶƵȱˣǹ˲䱻ɢΪâɢ޴Ѫ뿪ΧȫѪ飡
ʿʱҶȴ˿ûзŹԷ˼͵һȵųֻһ죬ʿֱӱ߳ףһ·ڵһ׵
У
һʿ͵سһʧʦܣ
Ҷƹ°İ˰֣ٸղŵ˵³յ³
ȻҶƸղſ͵ĳֽʿȷɣⲻ֪Ѿȫ岻ϵ΢΢ţȵסҲһһľţʹࡣ
Щʿ汻Ҷ̬סˣĶһۣƺʦֵһʿ͵һҧʲôֻ֮׶ѣǵĵȽͬ˶ڣֻҪһ֣ʲôӮ
˵öԣʿҲ˵ͷϵĵ֮ɫȥȡ֮Ƕݺݵɫ
ҶЦһХ͵ͷųһĨõĽ⣬֮аħұ˲仯һƬİӴɱʱӿ֣۽裬¡
ҶƲûͷųһаħһֻ֮ϵٲѡֻٲͲΧؿʼˡ
ˢ
ӴĽɫõĹ˲ӿ֣иιԴһֱͨ
Ҳ˲˽ʮס
Щʿɫһ䣬û뵽ҶƵȻǿҲѸٵʩչԼԿ
ǵֻпһ׵ķΧҶƱС׼һ㣬Ҳˡ
˲䴳ҶƵ֮УӴţҶ˫ȭȥȭȭ磬죡
ʿһ㶣æĸҶƶԺ˼ȭȴñˡҲûϵҶƾȻӵơ
ħţҴףһʿڲֻ֮УһҡΣÿһëжɫϢ΢һתͻΪ飬ҲȻſը
ȺɽҡΣزӿһ˲䣬ΧȺɽľһ÷顣
ʿҲ֮׵ǿߣȫһ֮£Χ壬ȫΪ촷ۡ
ˣ
ӴǰҶǿҲòݱܷâ˫ֻǿƣıȳȥ𵴣Ǽ޾Ļҳ
ĻҳгһʿҧҧݣҪʩչɱ֣ƴһͻȻһӴȴֽ͵ɣҶƸһȭҲϢ
ǱϾһģȻһʼѸײڶ֮ƽһʿΪˣʣҲǷǳֵġ
һʿҵҶƵĿյ˲ûɸյľƣѸ͵ĴҶƱ£Ҷƶһƺݺݵӡ˱
ۣ
Ҷɫһ䣬һɫѪҺ³ŮӾ
ҶһģڿвվȣǰǸʿٴμ飬Ҷǰը죡
¡
ѪɽҶؿڶʱӿֳɼǵ˺ۣĿġ
ŭҧסԼ⣬ʹ־΢ѹæԱ߱ȥ
¡¡
һӴϢҶƸոĵطը죬ֺӴҶһ
һУҶжȻųǿҵɱΪܹɱôǹǴشˣ
ʿһ㶣漴ЦÿСӣҲ۾һ˭ռϷ磬ֵɱֱ練ƣ
¡
˵ţһھ޽֣Ҷնռһ˲ˣڽдȼܵĻ棬һǿķ
ȥɣ
ʿ˸ŶݺݵĹâ


314 ˻ʤ
Ҷ˫֮˲ÿ飬ƺһض״̬µĺɫƬʼ޵ӿ֫鲼ϸۣܵһβ͵˳ŮһС
նķҶƺȥץסնľ޽ָһĨʱϣǾ޽УȻҶָĨƽˣһеĶ۽
䣡ҶĴӿ³ַһһٵ
Ǹոռʿһ⡭⡭ⲻܣ
ûʲôܵģҶĵһ˲ʿǰ
㡭ҵķʿ˫ѸٵĿʼ𷨾֣һɹȵƲϵĴӿֳӴ˲䳯ҶӶȥ
䣡
޴ȵľôҶϱըռ䶼סš
Ҷֻ΢΢Ķ˶ѣ·ոյıը˵һӰ춼ûС
ʵҶ赭дצϵĻҳƬĵطȻһƶûУƺոյıըٸһ㡣
ʿˣ㵽˭˲˹ĶԲħŵˣѾˣ
Աһʿһʦܣǲˣǵ֮ͨ£ữΪ촷ۣ
˵ţ͵سǰʮָӡܿǿ𵴣ؼ䴫¡¡ľ졣
Уһſڵ䣬ܿ컯һſľʯʿǿҾҪƿҵǳ
ҶƲмһ˫ָ׵Ľɫӡľʯȥʱ첻ڶձһһοѡԭأâ֣ͬһͬɱħ˫ĳвľʯο񱩣ȴʼ޷κ֡
еʯͷǱצץɷ飬Ϊҳȥ
ʿ죬ǳһʱҲκβҶƣҲǲЦҿܳŵʲôʱ򣬵ȵʲôʱŲȥʱ򣬾֮ʱ
ҶƺʿĻһٴ鼸ľʯͻȻ䶯ˣǰһ汻̤ĺȻһһļᶨһ˲ѹһԶʿ
ʿһ䣬ããҾͺȥʦܣһ֣
ʣҲԶӷӴƣͷʿһҶơ
Ҷǲģ˫ģÿһ·ƿһƬأͷʯܽռĶѣȴʼ޷γв
Ǿɣ
Ӵʯ䣬ÿһȫĴǳҶǰ൱ͨѡ֮ӵиǿǳҶ첻̫˺
ҶƵҲڼٵţѾڰţҪƴһˡȻĸ˽ϵͨģҲԲ
Ҷƿĺɫʯ͵һ̤ŭһӴ˲˵ĶĤĸʿ׵壬ʱоԺ֮һհףӴľϳΧռ˲ɢ鲻
ĸʿֻоԺ֮һ㣬һѪ̲סľ˳
Ҷƿ׼ǸǰԼɳȥʿ΢΢һЦӰٵıܹ֮ϵЩʯ˲ǰԤ׵ľһȥ
أ
ԭͱҶƴһֻƵʿٴα߷ɳȥ˲Ĵɽ֮УֱֱһεĴӣΧѷ첻ӳȥ
ҶƲʿκδϢĻᣬ˲һ⣬͵سǸ󶴻ӻȥ
ռʱ𵴲ѣǸ󶴼˲ͱɫĹâᴩֱӴһͷͶֻ͸ĶһЩ·Ѫĭ
ǸʿȻѾҶƵ£
ʿŷӦһѣΪ׵ʿʦܣ㣬
أ
ʿ͵ڿһӴƣ籬һѸٷҶƵ壬ҶƷŭĳȥӲƴܵը˺˲䣬ݺסʿĲӡ
צץסʿĲʿɫǺ죬ƺһ飡

Ҷɫһֻһ󡰸֨ʿĲ˲䱻ҶŤϡ
أ
ﬣ
ʿûҲҶƹһӴҶƺըѣһɽζһ˷ݺݵնҶƵıһѪ۳֣
Ҷ漴ŭһ˦β֮ͣ˲ըѪʿԶҶһɨը鿪


315 
ҶҲ˲˺֮͵˼ˤǿ֧ס壬ڴŴ
Ľ˫ֳŵ棬мνɫѪ˵֮ϣɢӴƣڵ֮ҳ˼Сӡ
ҶϵҲȥʵûһ˿ˡԭʩչһڣټҶôصˡ
ž
Ҷ͵浹ڵϣ˫ۣ㡭㣬ûʲô°ɣ
ǱȴûлشҶƲ첻
ҶʵһָǷֻǿ۾ŮӴȥȴһ󼱴ٵĴϢ
㡭Ҷᴭʵ

ǵӰ͵س˹˲ڵסҶǰĹصſҶؿڣһͷĺڷٲһһ֮Ҷ̲סӡ
ꡭ
ŮӴڴŴ˫֮оѪ֮ɫſĿ⣬ͬҪͻȻһȪһ㡣
ոǾŮӵʱҶҲûϸ۲òֻǾһƳҶԭƽѸٿ겻궯
飡
ҶƵĺܿ죬Ҳأһ㡣
ɣɶѩޱ飬ŮӸƽһӽ֮ɫԵޱȿɰȻ˿־ЩȻཱུľԵʮֿɰ
ŮӿȵĽҶƵӰ⿪Ϊ־ԵʣŮҶӵʱԵúǱ׾
Ҷţֻоһ۾Ҫ


316 Է
ҶѾ챻ջͷ˭ֳ¶ܰѳֵסԼɣҶƿɲҵ»ݣǿ飬ȻܷΪʲôúأ
ȻҶƻеģ˫Ůǰĸ߷岻ϵĴţֱŮϢ
ƺǲŮ̵ĶҶ͵رסŮӵϸ֫˲滹һΣ⶯ŮʹһΡ
ҶƷΪ͵ؽŮѹԼ£ŮĺһŽĻζزҲǼΪٵĲţɷˡ
ҶˬĵţŮ̵Ľ·ҹһҶƶԣҶ¸ǻٴμӿ˳ײٶȣŮӸѡ
һĨɫôɽҰ֮ӿ

ҶֻоԼͷʹѣԺԼС֮£
ôˣѵЩôоԼָ˹ҶʹԴƣȻһ˿˵
ѵΣܣҶվᵽԼ˿˱ǵǾԲԼϵġ
ģ쾿ʲôҶưûڵ˺Լͷ˫΢Щ͡
Ըܾǿ׼Ķʮͷţ˭ȻҪ˱˵ĳҹôΣ
ӱܲһ飡
ŮӵòȻԼԺ֮ģģģȻ벻ʲôˡҶƵξһ㡣
ͻȻҶƷֵ֮һŷɫż㣬æûһԡ
ĳͬţԭҹҵҰΪұ˺ϻɢҿƲԼ㲻ϲĻ͵һΰɡ벻ҪͼȥңΪҲģҵעҲ㳤أȻҵȷô
ǿЦҾȻԸռһһĺøУҵôɷϣѾӡҵԺ֮ˡԺҲûлټˣһԶļǵ㡭
ɫ˱ǵż㣬Ҷһ˲һ¡Ū˰ġŪˡ
ʹĴԼԴôôƵ飬жԳɶѩޱԼԼһָС
Ǹ
ҶƷŭһжˡ
Ȼĺǲܹɵġ
żǷż㣺֮ԱȺʿ׷ɱΪ⸽һ̲汦ĵط֮յĵõҲû̫;͸ˣ͵ǿ֮͸Ĳ
Ҷڽһɨ棬ԼոĵطһɫСӣɵϸİ档
ȻǾԷ𾪵ͻȻ
ʲôʲôԷҶƼæ׷ʵ
ⶫԶǿ߼ķ߶֮ͷųһԵס֮ǿߵȫһֻƷֻܹʹһξɢˡҶƽ͵
һΪʲôҪı˶ҶƶʱЩʧȤ
ǳ볤ĺֶΣ˿Ҫͬھ֮ʱһͻȻóԷȻԶЩ
Ʒ󣬶֮׵˵˿һĹЧҡͷ̾
ȻˣҶҲԷǰƴСӣȴ΢Щ
Ǽ񵽱ˣҶЦǽɫСӣ漴΢΢ĵͷһȫžһ׶ǽǵը죬һڿռѵڷת
һȭȥǾͿֲˡ
ҶһԼڣҪκηΪԼǷǷɽ
һȭɽնɱҪöࡣ
Ȼǻָ۷ʵ
𣡡
Ҷ͵˻һžţҲ͵ת˻еٶ͵سǰȥ
ҶӰһһ㣬ֻֿһӰĦŴһǲһβ;ȻҶϳ׳
ҶڵȫٷţʣһȻˬС
֮дŭĦ֮ҶֻоԼ·ʧȥһ㣬֮мٵƯš
ٶʵ̫죬˸ܲˡҶˡѪǣļ֮ѪϳѪˡ
ҶӲƾűʵϷӿѪѹסˡ
ٶԽ죬дԽԽΡҶȫתУûжȥƷеĹ켣ˡɽҰ֮Ǻֵ̳ġ


317 
ʱڼԶǰ棬ͻȻӴӰҶƵ֮СʹҶƴһΪеٶȼҲ̵ֻļٶȡǰˣȴҪײϲɣĹʵ̫ͣұȫУûпǵɽҰ֮лˡ
Ҫͣ¶ҲѾˣҶƽҪıٹ켣ٶʵ̫죬ȻôֱֱĳǼӰײ˹ȥ
Ҷƿ͵ĺÿÿ
ǣĺȴûһ;ΪٶȱٶҪĶˣ
ǧ׵ľ룬һţһ˲ϢҶƾ͸һӰݺݵײһ
ҶƱƴĴǻʲô
ƽʿħߣҶƷײȥ͸ײ϶һ㣡˲Ϳ֧飡
ǡ
Ӵľ˲ǰҶƻһһѪ̲ס˳ǰǵӰҶôһײ˲ײǧףԶԶ׷˳ȥ׷ɳȥ˲䣬Ѿڿй룬һǼܡ
ɭף̣
ǼӰȻҲûзͻȻϮӰҪ㿪ѾˣֱһѵӰҶôײ⼸ŷӳ˹
𡭡࡭һĵͳĺҶǿ̧ͷһ˲侪ԭء
һͷľˣ׶࣬ԱһҪ߳һͷ˫˸ŵѪɫƺҪ˶ʳ
Ҷ֮ǰδӾ޴֮лعһʮԸģѪմ꾫裬ںʮ飬嶼һһֵǿǸղײǵӰʱһ˲ҶƾȻоѪڲϵķӿǶ
ӰǿȣȻԶԶʤһ㷨ȻҶƱвСĲ࣬Ǹո͵һײѾҶˡ
㡭ࣿҶ͵س˺ü۽䱸Ĵǻͷˡ
ǻͷ˸ͬѸٵĽһ񣬺㡭ǣ
ҶаԽ䱸ţ⼸˶ޱȡڴ˳֣˭Ҳ֪Ǵʲô⡣

ǻĻͷ͵شзһŭ͵һ֣Ӵľ𵴵Χռ˲һĴӶ
Ҷ巴ӳٶȼ죬͵һ࣬ԥһǻͷ˵ֱ֮ϡΪ׵ĽֱĻȥȴ͵ظоͬĵһ㣡һ֮ҶƵ΢΢һ
ǻͷȴϵ˳Щ˫֮оǺȻ
ʲôôҶƷŭ
ⲻʿҲħߣҲޣѵǡ壿૵Ų˼顣
ʲô壿Ҷ˾
֮䣬κ壬Զһ壬ճҲκͨǵʣƾŬġǣһȴһǿޱȣӵǿĲԶٵǣǾ壡
ƻƽ⣬֮ǰλܸħŵԼһЩսҲħŵŵһ֣ǳսǲң˴ͬߵҲء
ⶫϾ𼣣Ҳû˭˵飡һȻôֻ壬³Ϊ˼ҲˣǸŭ
ʹˣҪԥɱǣ˹ͬĵˣ
˵ҲģҶ֮յıܹǻͷ˵ĹŭѾǲˣ
ĳҶƽǵĹǳӣȴӵо޴ɱȫǸ߶ۣΧγһ͸ıĤʹһ͸ŤСΧĿռҲԵôãʵȭͷĲϻӻռҲֳһѷ
䣡
ϵļײҶƵ΢΢Ĳ˼£˫ȴĵֵסǼλĹ
⼸λ幥ʮͣȻǺҶƽԼֵϢȥҲ˵Ǹ˵ġҲҶȻһʲôıȻôżɱԼڣ
Ҷôô׾ͱɱأϢӳһŭҶƵȭͷͬһΧռҲȵ뿪⡣
ЩǿᣬҶƴҲֻǷһƺߣͬɳһ㡣ǵȻǲԼɵķˣ
ɶѣҶ˵ԶԶԶԶ
ѵ
Ҷͬһһٵתһ˲ŷЩҶƺܽȫķ˳ȥ


318 
ҶƵǿޱȵģЩűǿƾȻҪҶӲӲΪЩʿħ߶ǴģȻͨǿޱߣ˵ֻһĴڣֻҪǽӽֱʿħߵͷ­
ҶȻǼ֮еʿħ߲ͬǿƺǸҪǿ֣һ˿·硣
أ
屻Ҷ͵һȭҷɣڿбһƬѪ⣬Ȼֱֱıף
ҶĴһ˫۽Ķǰ壬ȫ֮׵ʵǸͷӦȺ죬ʵʤһԼԼ쵽ﶴ֮׵ĸо
㡭ʲôˣ·ħŵģǿǻͷ˺ĵ˫֮ȴ˸ɺĿֲâ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҵȷħŵ˲˭涨ħŵ˲ˣҿ˶ѣ
Ʋ𡭡ǣǻͷ˫֮еѪȻ֣̣ͬ͵ĳҶƻӴƳΧĿռ䣬ӭĿԼԼķۡ
Ҷһͷڷ紵𣬵ȴûаֵĻţŲæĻӭȥõĽɫâ˲ӿ֣ΧĽ˲Х֮ˮϣһ˸߹һˣȻһη֮С
ɫĹâͷ˵Ļ͵ײһײɫĹâ˲˵ӰӴĽɫɢβյƤۡ
¡
һ֮ƽ紦͵ıըҶһҡΣѪһӿ̲סľһѪ˺֮С
һҶѾ֪ԼˣȴӲĽǿѪȥ
ǻͷˣҶһУ޴ıͻȻ֮˲佫ףֱģƺѾеĹͷ̲סһѪ
ƴ㻹ԶˣҶҡͷЦ
ǻͷд󺧣û뵽ôǿһµʶ
𣬲ܣǿңǿǻͷ˲ĵĵš
༸ҲŭĳҶƳʵ֮вͣıըһȦȦĲƣ𵴵岻ȣռҲͣĻεһռѷֳȵؾϵķ̵͵Űš
飡
ƴԼ屻УҶǽӽһ壬󺧣˫ȭϵĺǶãҶһֱ֮ϣֻԡһֱڿнһֲѪըѿ
໣
ŭʹĺţ޼£Χͬ黹ûиҶƵ塣
˲û֮Уɫâ壬ȻǷһ˿ôϢû˽ɫâ֮С
𡭡
巢һŭֱ֮бը
ҶͻȻֳ˫֮մѪȣ᲻ѵĿʣ塣
ˣ
𣡡
ͷ˷ŭĳȻһѾѣȻһۣһ۳ҶƳ
أ
Ҷ͵ųŻͷȥǱֳģǻͷ׶ʱһɳһ㱻ԶԶ߷˳ȥһҺš
Ҷһ˫ѸٵĽһӡѸٵĳŵɳȥǻͷ˵ӡȥ
һӴߴ֮ųҶƲٿ͵ĳŻͷ˵ȥ
ž
һ˶Ĥʹǻͷ˵ɳȥȻֱӱеĵ߱ճɵĽһʬ塣
ʣҲɱ۾һţ˫֮ɺѪĹâҰһ㣡
ž
Ҷл׵ĳޣлһĵޣڿиֻ裬չӢΰӢˣ˾ͬ׷һ㣬Ϊׯأ
䣡
üռԤ׵ѿˣɢŽζռ䱻ױ޳һ޴Ŀӣռ䶼ڲϵţ¡졣
ʣҲûױ޵ĳͷٶ֮죬Զױ޴Ա׷ȥסȻĵ壬ҲǻΪһ̯ʬ塣
Ҷ΢΢ױʧΧҲɢȥѾǽеľ״̬
ô壬ѵҪ緱ˣɲǺףʵ
Ҷνİڰ֣˵ôǿ˶ѣ
ΪʹΪóķȫѹǰȻôأҡͷ̾


319 ǰ
Ȼ岻÷ҲûʲôķǵõķǿķײʸûеģһЩʿļĳҲܱһ»飡鲢ΣҶҲȫһ㡣
ΪԼ壬ܹӲһЩ㶥ķҪСҶȻǷһ³
ЩʿֻҪһҶƽӵоԷּķȻҲ·һ
ǿ֮ˣÿһǿ壬ЩǿĴһԶ룬ڷ˵һôѣ֮дһ˿Ŀ־塣
Ҳǹֲôɵԭ򰡡
ȷЩˣһͷһʦġҶĵ˵ͷǰҲȻϾǹϵΣ
ǡʹҪҪأѯʵ
ˣҲôһʱħŵı̸ɣҶ΢΢һЦҲȥĻ쳤Хһ˲ڿбţٶȷɿ죬ȴǲٷôˡ
ǸԷгôɱԷ޿ۣڼٷ֮лײ޹ĶԷǾЩ˵ȥ˰ɡҿղײǹ壬ȻҶҲеޱȵ鷳ͷʹ
ˣ飬ʹ˵ݣǲǻҪڲľ߲ſԾҶͻȻʵ
Ȼģʹˡ֮лǷµʹ˽٣һˣ峤ȷݣſԣ鼱æ
峤᲻ὫڵǿаߣϾʥҵʵǵĶ֡ҶƲĵ֪Чãָٶȼӿ죬Ҹ֪üǿٶҲǸ˻һ㡣һʹ䡣Ⱥ£ƽ޹˰ᣬȻⶫԭ˼ҵģܹ᲻ܡ
ġ鼱æԵЩ٣ʹĺˣȻںôָʹߣ峤һôġ廹ҪԻ͡
ܽŵĻҶ泩ĹЦЦˣû뵽ô߰㣬Ҳ̬
΢΢˺죬ȴûнҶƵĻѵԼĺܸ߰ôǰɣǸʱҶƻֻһСؤԼ粻һԶǧ𣬾ˣҲʲôõɫ
ʮദҲԽԽܣֱǲѶԷԼѡ
ԴҶƳɹںϵ֮ȴֱЩСŮ̬ˣһЩʹ˵η֮⣬ѵûб˼
˵ĸŮҶƵʱãȻˡ
֮Ϊտʼĸ߰˵Ĺϵûô޼䡣
áǾȥһ塭ҶƺĴһԶԶǧס
鱻ҶƵ˼ɵһĨЦݸǵ֮ϡʹˣô
ͻȻҶƸŮӵĲ࣬ɵɫһ졣
ҶƸûϵô࣬飬ﵽ壬Ҫã
һ£üʹˣǰȣƾٶȣµʱ䡣
ôãħ֮еıٻҪʮʽʼɣܹڿʼ֮ǰȥͺˡҶ
ȫǰţҶƸоԼ̤շеٶȸ˼֡ļħŲԶֻǿԽСִ½ѡ
һ·ϣҶ֮ͬˣȺɫҴң˿ûҪͣ˼ҶҲûиǴкħŵĵǱ鲼簡
ţͻȻһɫӰҶǰҶƶȥĵǼΪѣһϮɫӣȻûжôǿʵʵѾԽ֮׵˶֮ס
λѡӶҶһȭһ˶ߣҲ˵֮еˣڵ˵ħŵĵӵõĹѫأ
ҶƿԷôţҲͣӻλѣģôأлˡ
һ˿֮ɫŵ֪ħ֮ʵҲǶ֮װɣѲ֮ףҪ˽еģѿһҪİ
ҶƺƵЦЦлѣֻһϲ
ŶǵҶˡӵ˵ͷҶƵôѣټˡ
ǰ˲ѿһռѷ죬Լһ˽ȥ͸ռ䣬Ѿǳʮ￪ˡ
֮׵ֶΣޱȣҶһĽѵ


320 Ľ
ûʲôĽģʹˣ˾ĵ֮ǰκƿôȥͻֻʱѣ鰲οȻлʥٶȸҪһ֣
ҶƵ˵ͷܹĸоԼ֮вϵΣĶҲԾɽˮ·ʱ򣬶൱ԴԴϵ
ֲû󷨱Ϊʥ治ǸǵãͬʱҶҲΪ볤ϵĲƷеһ󾪺
ԼĪһ£Ҷڸоһƣһ·ϻǷƽ˾Ȼ·λŵĵӣ֪ԭЩûгֹҶƣ˹ȥ
ԭҶֻһطֱӶ̨֮УúõЪϢһʱաȴҪʱͻȻǰһųǣǹųΡ׳ۣԶԶȥǽϲµĿ̺ۣĵ֤˳δսվǽϡܸܵдͨʿڴɱµϡ
һľ޴ǳضһЩģҲЩάųǳصħŵŵ˶ԽڳڼܹսҪսԣȥ⣡ֻҪڳ֣ôͻĳ֣
ʿ۵ħ֮˸۵ĵ֮˶УȻЩһŭĿŶԷǶηǳסûг֡
ǳڸָʵĽ۴αȣһɫʹð񷶥ʮִԵúݻеıĽݼ壬һһʵһ۵Ľһɫļ˵һת֮׵ǿߡ
ڣҶƺĴţоʿ뽨񣬼ǳûʲô
ϺõǴϷıرģ˴˦
ϹŸʹùķƬϿԶǿߵƣ߹·᲻Ҫ
һ·ϣҶ߳Ľһ۵ȤûУԶǿߵķƬЩǼ֮ĿڴϾ˵ǳصĵǿ
ЩҶһûС
ڵʿǸȻɢȻǳڲȫȫħŸʱпܷսȻڳڲ̫֡
ԽǳǰߣҶԽԸоڵЩԾϸһףԭĽݼҵǧĽҪǳ֮С
˵Ľھ磬ǳŮԸƤɰһ۲۵СħŮҲǺܶĿеѵ¡
ıԼڵò
ĽСҪˣǵúúñһ£˵ˣлΪӡ
ʡʡɣĽС붼Ľݼҵǿ֮߱׵Ϊƾʲô˼ң治ñЦ˴
ҶţʿĵвɰЦ
һ·ϣÿ˵Ľ濵ϢҶƶδıС椶Ȼһ˿
治֪ĽǺεòȻô˹ҶƿЩ۷̰֮ɫħħ߸ʿа̾ѡ
ҶĻʱȥһһԣҪʱȥȣ浢ʱ䣬ڳԵĺܵ͵δ˵ǻһȺħߵеҲôۡ
·һʱ洫˳Ĺöһֻͣٵ̺֮һ˿ϣƮƮγһɢԶ
ͻȻǹתһתۣɸտʼ˷Ƥת˳صص񼤵ѡƺ˾ʲôίһ㡣
Ҷɻ󲻽⣬Ȼ˿Խ׼ȷĻӷŪ֮Уһ󼤵ɼľУͼһڵ˴󲿷ֵ磬֮һŮӰ٣֮ʹдЩͷؽᣬƮƮɡ
һıֱ˴ĽŮӵӰվ̾һ
һˣҶһ̲סãŮţͷҶ߿Ȼ磬ҶƺȻܸоŮĵ䣬ƺʲô¡
˭Ϊ˽Դ룿ѵ֪˲ܽĽôͻȻһɱӳͻȻ߳һӣĿҶƵ
ȻӵĻǲҶƻǸоԼЩðȴȣҲûоʲôֱӹֵֻǱǹð
ӲмĺһĴҶƼۣƾ㣬Ҳ⣿ҲֻǶţٶѣ


321 Ľ
Ҷüͷһ壬һˬƾһ˿֮
Ǿ´ˣҶѹסŭȻЩˬϾȣһֱҪߣȴһҶǰ
ߣôף˭֪ǲǱĿģҲԣӲ˵ʱίڴСסˡӵĻݷԵѹֱҶƵ壬͸ɱ
¡
ԭҶǿѹŭ˲䱩ƲһЦ£Ǹһɹˣȥû˹ܵţ뿪Ҳû˿ס˵ţӰ͵չһƹſȥ
ӣ£
Ӳģɱӿ쾫ҶƵӰһȥʱȣŤڿ絹εη׷ѡ
Ҷһһò˶ԷԷͬҲ֮׵Ϊ𣬵һȭѪᴩȵ죬ȭͷǽڣ˿ڶԷ֮¡
ߣ̲ס˰ɣҾ֪⡣еɱʢ
磡
ҶƵȻǿȴҲ˶ԺһƣȻѷʤӻڱѪ˺Щ¶֮ɫ
ǰչһԼʵȴôһͬ׵ħһȭˣӶپʧŭһȻһʵȻĵӿ
Լɹֲñӣһĳֻǹӿ£޴ӡ˰¡һѹҶƣȻһɱ˼
ߣұԹ޳𣬼Ȼһƣ͹ֲˡ
ҶƻȵĽ⣬˲չһ͵֮˲ŭʱоʶҲʩչԼ򡭡
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ҶƷŭһȭͬɫĥһ㣬ǿƵշѹǰ谭·͸еУǰնʱǿŤؾ籬ѡ
ķ
ҶƵ

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˫۱ɣǷ֮׵ķϬޱȣǿȻҶƸӵʵ̫Ȼǿ˹
ҶƾֲһͷĵĹޣͦεΰڳ֮ϣͷâֻ֯˫ȭӶ򷨲֡
ԽԽľֱʱȻûóȫʵͬҲǰȺ۵ĴڣȻһС˿
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ҶƵͺһΧĿռ価飬Զһ̤֮£
Ӹоһ΢΢仯漴ɱӿֻһ棬ʱѿĹ֣һԵص׵ܽ͸طֱʡ
ҶߵƸʢǿԼԼ֮Ĵ˳Դûüһ衣
米ǵݷ·ͻȻסһ㣬Ϥ֮Ժ֮иֳ˼ǰĳ档
ѣ㡭û°ɣ
㻹ܲսˣ
һжˡ
һ뵽Ľ濵΢΢ĺƺ뵽ʲô˵һ㣬ƽʱƤɰı֮ΪСħŮҲôúöóĬ
ôĽ濵૵ƺħһ㡣
һ֮ǰû뵽ôؾˣѵ찲ŵطôĽ濵ͷת
Ҫ߳ȥȴ֪ʲôȥ᲻ԼԼӦദ
Ҫ֪˿ֶİ
ѵרѰҵôĽ߬С֣ɫһߺ죬漴뷨ǿѹȥ
ôأҵֶ֪
Ľһ壬̾˿С˲Ӻ˱ɷס
棬ҶƸӵսݱϿǰ˶ܹҶѾռ˾ԵƣȻһʱỹ޷ȡʤôȥ϶ҶӮˡ
Ҳ֪һ㣬ɫӵˣ˷۱


322 Ԥ
ϹٹӡʱͻȻһּһ㣬ֱͬʱͣ֡
ĽݹⱻϹٹӵɫЩôÿӦ
ˣҪΪˣҵϣʹ֣ɺãٴδ˳
Ľݹ
ԭ浯ٵľĽ濰ֲá
Ҷ̾һˡ
ϹٹӶʱой⣬ʵʵǸҶƵģĽּΪ̨£ôһͳȥ۸ҶˡʧҲ˻Ҳ̨ס
ȻĽݹô˵ˣϹٲ߾͸ĽݹһֺηϹٲһЦȴԵüΪš
ҶưƲƲ죬ϹٲߵƷһ㶼ҹά
ĽС㣬ȻҲ˵ˣһˡҶƶڵĽһȭתߡ
Ľǽҧס촽˫ȭ߬ģԵô԰
ôҶƣԼйһҹ֮ʵӣ֣ҲǺõġ֪Լô
Ȳ˵ΧôΧۣϹٲһֱԼôĻүҲǺǵģҲҶƽ޹ıʲô
ôĽ濿ҶƵıӰһһʧڳǳ֮УȺ֮ڣƺʲôˡ
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ΣҶֻڻĽҰѰһεĵط̨ӿռָóһ˽ȥ
ص̨ڣԱһŲõĺɫãҶ΢΢һЦǻ̫ɢĹâڵĻ̫˯֮вϵʵѾﵽ𻯾˽ˡʲôʱﵽ𻯾ʮ۷壬ͿԴ̨ʽӦ
ȻȥŻ̫ǣȻҶǺ⽫ŪһġڵϣӡѾƿֵֿܣʮФһ꣬ЩѾΪȥˡ
ҶԸ⣬ƾӡǿʮФһֱΪԼ£ĻԿħʹߵʱҲԵޱȵסΪʮФһԿԵֵù𻯾ʮ׵ħʹߡ
ҶȴԸôͬЩˡЩޡҲسŵøʮФɡ
仰˵Ըñ˵ȡԼ֣鲻Ҷĳġ
Ҷƣǿ֮дһ˿ԭ֮͸ôһ㲻
һ˯һһҹҶ׼·ʱ춼Ѿ΢ˣ̫ӵƽߴɢ΢΢⡣أˡ
Ŷ·ҶƷٶȼ죬Ȿ賿ʱ򣬿ʮ£Ŀ
һҶƽķţʵ뾫Ѿָ߷崦֮׵ĵҲܹƴһѣ
ٵķţɵһƬɽ֮УԭϡƽоȻһɢȡ֮һֵΣյĸоǱ˶һ㡣
ʹע⣬ڶ龯
ףҲоˣôܸоĸôΧȺɽҶüͷ
аʹˣȫʧֻʶˣҲֻܸоѣĽλ÷ЩǸ
ûʲôϵˮڡڰȻӦ鷳һЩֻҪҳ֣ҾаޣҶĵ
һϸСɽ棬һʿ۹۲·ҶƣҶƷ·ǹٶȣɽ֮вʻţⲻ֪˵⡣
ߣ׵ôã˾ŸħߣǵʮҲһɱҾͿԳɹĽӢˡǰʿһ˿ҵɱ
ʲôζ
Ҷ˫üһæҹ۲ţһɵѪ֮ӶʱЩ
ѪϢĸԴҶһȥǾȻһŵľžʬ壬Ӳɽ֮УԵüΪ̡Ѫ֮洫ЩʬȻѾȥˣѾһȺרɸʴǰ
ǾžʬӣȻħ֮˵ĺɫۣҶ͵ظһɲԤС


323 ɽ
ʲôˣЩҹ
Ҷͬӥһ㻷ܣĴһȵ𵴵ɽ͵زһ£漴ɽ֮нϵĻظš
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죬׼ݣ
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ҶƵ͵سͻȥ˲佫Уһĸо漴һȸдƺҪҶƵսһ㣬ϸһԭϸ룡
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ʿνһʼ磬С˵ҵõôôԸһСˡ
Ҷ͵ΧĿռ䣬ߵԩ޳ΪʲôҪң
һţһħţԹˮɣ㹻ôʿЦһ
ҶĸоʿȻʵǿǻûͻ֮ףȻ޽ӽڶ֮ףԾûдﵽǸȽס
Ȼûеﶴ֮ףǾûʲôÿµģ룬ҶƲ
Ȼûʲô˵ģҶҲϻһȭֱӵ˲ǰԷüͷһ壬һƬҶ󼲿Ʈȥ˫ӳһγɵĹĻǰ
Ҷһȭͷ͵سǰĹĻ飬ȻٴγϮȥ
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ӽµĵͻȻѿˣһɫȼյӿתƼγһ˸档
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Ҷ͵صһܻյ²ϵĲţȸвʧȥ־
ҵĻɲֻ壬꣡
͵ĺһ㹻εȴΪŤԵ÷ǳˣ˫ֲϵĽӡɫ·ܵĸһ㣬ѸٵĳҶƵƤȥ
̡
ҶŤţһͳĺɫܹģ
ҶƵ֮ȴͻȻһڹ⣬漴תΪɫâҵţ˲佫ɫĻȥ
üͷһ壬ƵĻ㻻ͬĶ֣һ굱Уʱͻˣ˾Ȼôʱ䣬治˼顣
ߣҪֶܼ೤ʱ䣡
Ҷ߲壬ﵽ˼ޣɫٶҲҶƺʱ򷴻ˣ
Ҷ͵̧ͷһ˿ŵ΢ЦҲֻˡ
˵ţҶƵ˫͵ضӵ˫һȵӵĽɫâ͵ش˫֮г˲ӵ˫֮У
̫ǸͬԴͨ


324 һ컯
һĨ˼Ĺʴ˫֮з˲һѪѹ˺档
⡭
ӽϵ˳Ǳķһ㣬ʹޱȣʹԭ궼ήȥ
ܣǿҲͰˣôôǿȻѹҵĻ棬˵ҵĻǣ̲סĳ
ûʲôܣҶץһɫĻ棬ǸոհᷢȥĻ档
͵һ֣ɫ˲䷢䣡ںڵɫҶƽ֮ǿطﵽӿֲĹЧ
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ҶƵֻڿһȴʧȥҶƵӰһѸš
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ӲɵոҲԹҶǽɫӵĿ֪̺ŶľҳȻҵæ۾·˫ȭ͵سҶƵȭͷӭȥռɲǼ飬¡ֱ顣
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ôȻҲǰѺ󱳵ĴƬյ¶Ҷƣⲻ֪һСܹĴۣ
Ҷ̾һ͵ǰ죬һȵ˲ӿҶƵ֮У͵ش֮еȥһѵƿ֮ռԶ鿪
ŵٶȼգۼ׷ǰӵ壬ĺ󱳴ȻըѿһѪ˲両֣˵嶼Ȼըѿһɢ塭
Ҷջ֣۾ӣһԲ
漴ҶŤӣɽ֮еǼħŵӵʬ壬һĸоӿͻȻ棬͵سһʬɹȥ

ܴȼţЩʬ弸˲ͻΪ˻ҽƮڿС
Ҷһ˫֮еɫӣߺá
ϣҲͣһᣬ͵һ٣ڿѸչӰ̤նѸٵļŶȥոշ飬˵ֻһСѣȻҲʶ˵ŵӵαսթ
Ҳ˲ٵг̣ҶҲûн֦Ǽѡ˸·
飬ﳤ֮ÿһתҪĴأҿǸոյʵѾ޽ӽڶת֮ףǾǿ粻ȥǸܸоﵽ֮۷ѾܾˡҶص
ʹˣȻѶȲСҪ鵤ҩĸɲͬĻ֮õġѪ幦ӵ鱦ĸ˵֮ǰûκżһ
ճǧֻҪʹܹ°빦ÿ϶𸴵
ʹˣֻҪ֮У峤һһ컯ʱ򡭡ƺ޾ջ
ʲôһ컯Ҷô˵һȻԺ֮иһŮΪεӣֲӿһۡ
͡
ҶƵıǿ֮жʱܳѪɫһΣʵ̫¶ˡ
ȫܹҶƵ뷨ģɫ͵һ죬ͬӬһʹˡ
һ˵ġʹˡҶС¹ײϵش˫֣֪ʲôĳ桭


325 ѪΪ
Ƶͬˮϴһ㣬峺͸ҶƸҷաеһе̰һĵܵƽ͡
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ʵԶһһֱסСǧ֮УһЩĵ˶ǽԴԴϵɧţСǧڣ
Ҷɻʱٴ𣺡ʹƣǰȻһ޼ʵƽԭʵЩõġ
ʹˣ̸㿪СǧķЩ
ҶƵ˵ͷƽԭ֮ʮʵ˿ǻģȸ߹һƬƽԭʵǻΪԭأ
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ָҶƵ˫ĸһɫĹâɫׯޱȣ߶ʲô
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֮ĿͨķõѪǲҲԴأҶɻ󲻽
ǲܵģСǧͨڴ򿪵˲䣬һ͸ĹûѪģԲܽȥһᱻâɡ
ৣ
ҶƲϵĽӡ˫һֵƣҽһƴһˮһеȷкܴѵġ
ˣȥʱ򣬲ҲһӡɣȻô鷳ҶᱧԹ
ȻᣬЩӡҸıƣȻƾʵܴͨ
Ҷһ黹治ţѡıĹҶƣһڼʱڽı࡭
ΧռƺҲҶƵƲϵ𵴣¡졣ΧҲϵ𵴣ɢһȦȦۿɼĲơ
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Ѫȫգֹ֮ͣ𵴣һɲõĽɫ͵ҫҶƵϣһԵˬд˳
˵Ĵ͸ˣʹˣ΢ЩƲסĲ

ҶƶʱоȫµԭˣոʧȥѪоҲһ»ָ˹ٴλָ۷ʱڵĸо֮
âȫҶ˲䣬֮Ϣĳһ˸߲ʹâͨͨͻĳ֮䣬ͨõ·һʥ
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ȡ
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ǧ֮⣬һͷֵԶͻȻƶ֮ϣһ˫͵ĳԶȥͬʱеߵղСǧͨ˴ǰΪķʽġѾû˳ȥˣ֣֣˭ء
Ҫȥһ
ô˵ţԶ˫һߵڿвϵİڵţһ¡죬һ뼲ٶȳǱ߸ȥ


326 峤
һƬïʢҶƺܿı˳ȥҰ𽥵ı
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ҶĿ⾪ǰĴ½Ȼʵõǰ֮ﻰӦҪӺЩϿգһȦɫ״ֵУͶ֮⣬Ҷȴһ㶡Ȼڵеĺ޿ռ䣡
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Ҷһֲ缫йԶһĴţԭԼ˶Ĵ½氡
ҶܹԼԼĸо⵺֮ϣʮǿĺڵϢԶһǿߵϢΪ֮ʳϵĴڣԶһʵ
飬ҪǱߣҶɻʵ
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ҶƵ˵ͷ֮УǱѸٵķӶȥ
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ҶҪʲô֪Ժ֮йâһѾԶǰ
Ұ壬鰡Ȼ黯Ϊϵζǲıġ
Ұɴ˫ۣǰͬһӰȴڸǲסϤζʱ΢΢鹫㡭

Ҷһ㶣Ժ֮һƬհף˵
ȻԵЩΣæҰҰ壬Ҫ¶塢
鹫ôΪӣأ֮Դأ˭ģҰƢĿţʱΧռϵţһȻѹѹҶƵ񾭣оҲʮֵѡ
֮ɫʣһ侲ҰҰ壬ҴϢҪȹغҵҵ֮ԴҪٱҰȥס
ҰӲαŰɡǿѹȥеŭ𣬺һã鹫峤֮Уɣ
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ˣʵҲûʲôҶһ΢΢ҡҡͷڰݹˣô
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ףȲҪżλиҪϢ㣬븸ټ峤Ͽᡣ
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327 ʹ
ϵףĺҪʹߣѾٴγˣ
峤˵
ʲô˵˵ʹߣٴγˣ峤ʵ
ǵģָָҶƣ
Ҷɫ𾴵峤¾
峤ҶᣬһɵζΪʲôôС
Ҷε峤ҲŴӷûжãʵȻЩˡ
峤ĴӾ޿֮³һסҶƵ壬ϸĸڵѪ֮
ǡͬʣ˵ʹߡ峤ʮּæʹˣڰˣϣԶһʹ˵Ĵ֮£һµ۷壡Ҳһ˳˵ּ⡭
ҶƶʱЩܳһħ༶ǿߣȻôĶԼҶһŤ
峤񣡡ҶƼæ
ҰȥټĳϣѸȥȣ峤æԸҰ
ǣ峤ˣҰæȥ

֮У峤̾ߵɽ֮ϣһֻᵱĸоڶ̾ᣬȻһɢɳʵԵҲ
˹ԵҫٴӭһλµʹˣѾɹںϵǵ֮䣡峤
Щ峤ϵ֮ҲȵĹâƺڴѾһ㡣
ʹˣ
ʹˣ
漤ĽҶƶʱоԼһּ佾С
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Ļʱڶ峤ϵĺӦʣ˵Ļˮ©
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Ҷ΢΢һⱦܾ֮ǰԼ˵컯ɣҲˣֻһ޹ؽҪСôܶôֻк֪ĻأԼӦòµݲƽġ
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Ѹٵĺ˼ȭÿһȭȭȭʹˬУǰռȻȻţһӴϢӿֳ
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ҶƱʱ峤Ҳߡ
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ȴһ˿ܾɫ˸ףҡʱ롭
ʲô㵽ôģ峤һܻ̫簮飬û˵̫ϡ
ףĲҪΪЩʲôΪΪɫһߺ죬ôû̬峤һ𾪡
ΪѾ˴Ӧˡ
⻰峤һô£ôʹһôģ
ûһж˳
Ĭ
֮峤ſɬɵӣòϲʹ˰ɣ
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峤̾ϢһǡȻǵʹˣడ廹ûм޸ӡ
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ôˣڿѪں൱ˡǿ
У鶼ԲУ峤ն
˵УǾͿ϶У˫֮˸Ųɫ
ƾʲôô϶峤ɫЩѿ
Ϊʹˡ䣡


328 ֮
峤ĬȻһԵĿӣ֮еĹʸޱȡ
ôôջĻջ󡣵¶ǼᶨƵ顣
峤̾һ˺˲õ£ϵļҲĻΪС
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ҫǰҲͬʣҲʹһʹùķ
һ뵽ҶƸоĻƸҫЩɢڵĹʡ

͵غһȭ渽ŵӴΧռ䲻ϵ𵴣Ҷʮĵ˵ͷջ֡Ƿǳġ
ˣ
Ҷ͵һѸٵĴ̨֮гȻѸٽװ˿ռָ֮Уӡ
˽ƺһ˿Цݡ
ף飿Ҷ֮дﵽת֮׵ĴڣΪʲô廹ûлָô˵ҲĹôССĴûУ
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Ҷ͵һԴǰӦ㣬ɱħ𣬲Ұ塣ЩҸûǹ
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Ҷ񣬻ûзӦ龿ʲô˼˲ҶƵ֮С
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Ҷ˵仰΢΢̾һ

ռһ޴Ȼ˲֮û˵ǹ¶įģǲɵġʲôʱʵ֮⣬ڱ𴦸ͻֵ֣ᷢǶôĿЦ
뿴ϷϷҪƿؿռ򣬲ôأ
ҶŲõĽɫԣΧռɢһֲĹѲϳӣ֮ŭ𣬺¡죬ġ
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ڷʱ򣬽𻯾Ҳû̫żģֻҪʵ㹻㹻Ͻʲô⡣Ƿ֮һж⣡
ҶƵĻǴʱ˿ھҵתţҶĿռ䷨򲻶ϵĻΪ˿˿ɫĹҶƵ֮ڣһա֮УҶƵҲڲϵķɱ䣡
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ಣ
еĺɫâͬˮһ㱻ѸٵҶƵ֮Уʱһ˲ѹͷųΧռ˲ݣð̵Ŀռ


329 ڳ
Ҷƽŵ˫͵ԼԼƺкɫâ˸ͬҹ֮еһҫۡɫϢϵ֮תţǿƵȵΧݡ

ĺһҶ˫֮еҲĻָһ˿Ц⣬һһٵ֮סڴﵽˣ
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ಣ
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ÿٶȣ
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Ҷû·ϵ̫ʱ䣬ڽȵʱǡ֮ǰҰ
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Ұ˵ͷ˼峤ƺЩ飬ǵȥ˵ɡ˵꣬һڣʧԭء
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Ҷʼ磬΢΢һЦ
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⻰ҶƿЦãͻãôһͣҶƶ֪ô˵ˣֻܱԿЦ
ҰʵܲģӼһЩҶƵʶ֮ô˵
ţҲˡҶƵ˵ͷ
֮е峤סɽҰ˿һߣʹˣȻҪҵͨԼȥɣҽȥĻǵ峤˲ġ
Ҷɻѵ峤ʲôô˵ܷʲôæ
ȥʡҰæҡͷ
Ҷûа취Ұ֮п϶ײʲôģֻεɽ֮С
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ҶУ͸ˡټҶܹͨռо峤˿̵ľ巽λȻҲҪ˭·
ˡ
Ҷһһɽ֮Уĸо峤档
峤ˣҶˡҶƵ̬Ⱥǹ˿ûһ㲻ͷǫζ
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ʹˣ峤ӴʮּĽеչôãҲûȥҴ㣬û뵽ڳˣϲʹˣͻƣ
ҶЩɶͷԣ峤Լ̬Ҳʵ̫һЩȫƽʱ겻Ƣ
峤ˣҶרġ²Ҳһֱ֮СһΣҪлл峤˵дҶϵ


330 թ
ʹʵڿˣдʵ΢峤ǫʹˣ˵ϣܷΪԶһЩأ
ţҶȫû뵽峤ô˵ת룬ԼֻһĪʹĪںѣԷȻôԶһδȫԼϣݶ飬ͲһЩСԻرġ
Ȼԣ峤ˣҲԶһһӣΪȺȻҲӦõġҶƺԥ
˵ǲʹȻںôѪҺҲΪѪҲѪԶһ֮еĻѪϹʱھͿʼϣҲֻʮ֮һѡ峤ǲ
Ҷƾû˵ڵȴ峤ġ
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ҶȴѾ͡

βŻعæ
ʲôЦ峤ˣô峤أ峤ȽϺáҶƶͷĺˣɣӲҪĳһطô¹˶ͻ᳹׷ġ
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Ҷһʹ˵ǷԸԶһ峤ܾˣҲŰȵ桭峤ɫԵЩͳ
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壬ѪⶫǷǳҪġ
ѵѪôҪҶʮֲʵǰûгʹʱ峤ôȥˣ
峤̾ϢѪѴʹ˰ԵЩ㲻峤˭أ
Ҷεһ˫ۺĶ峤Ŀ⣬ԴӦ峤λáˡѴûбİ취ô
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İ취Ȼеģ峤ͷûжӣֻһŮѾͷˡϵѪ֮ԼӴһЩŮˣעܳΪһε峤ʹڿΪѪŮѪĶӻѪǶ֮һҲͿȻĽ峤֮λ
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Ҷ˵仰˲䣬Ժʶ֮е͵Ǻ
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лʹˣϣԶһ壬ʹ˵Ĵ֮£һӻԻ͵ʢڣȻܺá
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ҶƵͬȻĵתڣ쳹Уȴ˲䷭˾κˡ
Ϲʱڣǿʢƾһ֮ѹŷ塣ħŻǵţǸּʵԶһ壬Զѹš
ȻԶƾ豾ԿսԼ壬ʤ̫࣬Զһ̫١
ӵеģǽǿǺҵϹŴսˡ
屻һ̶ȣ漴˾ǹ˺򡣾ʮĻѾ˵۽磬ƺѾΪʷһ㡣
ǽҶϢȴ˲ʵңԶϹʱڡһĻĻǿƵӣƺԺֽ֣֮ŵϢĿֲУ糱ˮһϮ
壬壿ɬʵ
Ҹҿ϶һ壡Ҷĵ˵ͷҲû˰Ц⡣


331 
峤ԽҶͳСǧ磬ΪҶʹˣΪҶԼŮ
ǲȻ鱻½Ϣ嵭һЩ
ҶƶԳ۳֮ϣ岻ϵһռѷ֮дţһδܹ˲Ƴȥǧٶȱ֮ǰҪһֹ
Ҷƺָоӯĺһڿаš
֪Ѿ֮а࣬ҶҲٴǸǳأĽҵĳǳء
ſļ֣ٳǣ
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Ҫ붫ٳ֮УͻȻҶƸоº֮һѣһСָҲһ󡣽ţպ¡죬ձһ޴ѹ飬ѹδɽѹȴ˫һһ֮¡
һ˲䣬Ҷ麧ȻҲ˲ʲôģͻȻӴĽɫ棬Χռյķ顣
ƣ
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ɫĹʵˣ𺳿ռֲȻһºʱ׽ռ䶴۵úǴš
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ֱڣǹԵŻʧ
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ҶƵ°ݺ֮УӴѹѹȵܶԭҪԼǿʱ䷨ȴεסӳȥ
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˲һΰнҶ֮£ֻϿһŰγһֲУǸоͬһֿڴǿ
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332 ʥע
ҶֻоӴǿϢΧŰǵĹ
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ҶҲͷų˰ĽɫâҪƴһ˵ʲôҲԴС
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Լ򲻹Ҳֱֻʮ׶ѡҶƱҲСһȦ
ףе˼ٸ΢΢ݵ
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ϢˣնɫĹâڵһ˿âһ䷲ʯҶƺݺݵ
֣̣ͣһʮֽԶ̵ٸһԥѵķ֡
С㡭вʵ
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ȻҶƸоЩϤҲ˲ôˣæ¿ԣûǰȷңǱԩġ
Ե޹ʱ˿һñӣɲÿȥĻɾЦˡ
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Ľĺһ

ħ֮Уɶڱչؽ߳䣬Ŵգĺһ
ǰȥʦ볤ϣȴڴ֮з볤ڸһͬϷδ̸
ǳһλʮ˧ĺӣվǳ󣬿ʵȻǿޱȣƺԼ֮׵ż
밡ħŵıҪٿˣ֪ǰյӣ׼ûУǳЦеĿǺͰôһֻЦ滢ʮᡣ
Ȼ׼ˡ볤΢΢һЦɶλǲɳϣ
ɶæɳϣ
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ɳ΢΢һЦȻô˵ˣҲʹ촰˵һ
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ɳ֪볤ϺӣԼҫƴĻ볤Ͽ϶ܻĴӦԼͿԳûԼԼ˵ⳡע
볤ϲӦĻɳϻ׼һ׼˵ǣʲôģϣͲż볤ϡܵ˵ɳϻкܴĵġ
볤ӲͬȻǰʵܸߣҲϵ֮ʣԼǸҶƵͽжôǿ
ʾʣ˵ǰҪһȵĻôᱻ׵˦ȥܶ౶
ټҶѾԼĻ󷨣Ȼ绢ɶܹﵽĶ֮ףҶƸûɴﲻ
Ҳ˵ҶƵĵȽ׾ѾĶ֮ףһܸߡ
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Ųƺһ˿һǿѹȥԼеŭ㲻ҪǱôãͬģ
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볤ȴһڴӦòоϲѣǰ׼õЩ˵ƺȫòˣƺѾǻԼеӡ
ãȻӦˣǾûʲô˵ˣλͽܵʱѡһλսӮˣǱѹˣ
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밡ĿԴɣɳϹЦţſ߳볤ϵĴ
ԶɶҲɻʦ˭񡭡
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Ӧûм¾ҪʼˣһʱúϤһܲͬģҲָʲôһжԼ򡭡ҪʲôķȥĲȥѰҶͽҲʱ˰ɣ볤ңԶʣ˫֮һŲĻȼš

һߣҶҲҹ̣֮һСľͱչʮ֮ã֪ʱҪˣҲòӿٶȳ߸
ңңħŵĴɽˣҶĵ׷һУٶȸѸٵĳ߷ɹ
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ҶĿռ䣬Զ˸һһŵĿռŰѡ
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˿˿ҶƵĴװȷ֮ŷʻ
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һıᣬѡԿŵһĵӸ衰Ӣӡĳƺţһб
ڶħŵӶ㳡֮ϣһۿȥãã˺Ħ࣬ʢɼħ̶֮ȡ
޴Ĺ㳡֮ϣȻ˰ֵ̨ľľɣ˴˼ʮ֮ԶɰԷλС˿̨ǰɽ˺̨߿մףŨĺɫϢţȻΪ˺ѿռ𼫴Ķң趨ķ֡
ϣûгٵҶƺݺݵҧҧٵĳ볤ϵĴڱϮȥ
ϿҪӽˣӴ֮ȴ߳ˣʦ볤ϸԼ˼ĺ˶


334 ñط
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ҶƸеͬʱ˷ܲѵķɹȥ
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Ҷڨڨɿ֣תͷ볤ϵʦ𣬵ӲţǰЩʱͻƵ˶֮ףѾȽ֮ȹΪ
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΢΢ЦſҶƣȴѹҶƣǲŲæĴǣȷ̨µĹǶһЩڴޱҶƣǿʤһЩ
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΢΢üɣѵİΪɵӲɣԼ۾ȥ
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ŭĺţȴûӴޱȵĽ֮С
еħŵӶסһ㶵Ŀ̨֮еǿҽӣϵĴ̨


336 
ҶͬâɵҫҫıۡӴҲڲϵĲͣĳſѹȥ
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ǿңҿ϶ҲסһħŵҲ̲סĵȵ
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ӴԺ޼᲻ݵĺħҲʱʱҡĵӣȻܸ볤˴һ㽫ڸ˳ɶΪһ볤ϴģýⶫóأ
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ħԳ֣ҲҪһſԴݻ٣ôɾһȭˣ
ֻܣһҶƵԶԶʤԼԿ׵Ĵݻ١ԼΪ㡣һҶϵķҪԼĺħ̫̫߳ˡ
ֿȣǵڶֿԱȽϴһЩ
ողɳҲȷʵҶƽŽϣǾǴݻٺħķɡ
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֪ԼʦѺħȰѽԼҲֻҪԼӮñѣɳϵĳ̶ȣǿ˾֪ģԼȴħŪϣαԼܹһȥôȥҲһᱻʦƤ
Ҷ΢΢һЦʲôܵģòܣҲֻǾ֮ܶѣܹĲֻǲ׺һڣ
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Ҷ仰һ˵꣬͵ش˫֮бӣʱһȡ
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䣡
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ۣ
Ѫɳһصķ˳ȥ


337 澡ʧ
ҶǴ¶һ˿Ц⣬ת˲˷ӳĽ࣬ڿصɲǣӰ˸ı͵غݺҹȥ
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һҶƵȭͷݺ˿ĺ󱳴ֻһ󱳾Ȼѿһѷ졣

һ׵Ҷƶһԭǿڴһļף侪ˣ⻤ļ׾˿һ
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Ȼ˫ѾѵǿľҲǼɼεģȻ͵ƾӲĳڿвסתţƺһżΪӴ
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ҶҲоЩ֣΢΢̧ͷ֮еĿ˫֮͵һ˿ɫ
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ڵϣһӴоҲڰڵ״̬˵ɱҶƣƴʸûСΪѾԷεƿУԷҪԼҲֻ˲Ϣ֮ѡ
ҶƲ׼ŹԷŲϵ̤£ÿһŶзִ磬һֲ֮ɱܿԷͷ­Ƚ˵ֻ¶档
ȻѾʤˣҶ˿㣬Űſ
㡭
ͻȻڵޱȵ㣬ҡ䣬ŹŹҰɡ
ȴµڶ˴ʧҲĺҡ˭֪ȻûгϢȻģ
ɱ
֪λȺһ漴˵ĺӦ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱų򣡡
̨µĵӶͬˮһԴԴϵĳ̨ӿȥ˶һģųޱȵˡˣҲˣûʲôֵġ
۲ɳϣɫѾһƬĵӾȻ˶ˣҲʹ澡ʧҶƴ󷢴ȱɱƿȥ֮Ҳᱻŭ֮µĲɳɱ
볤ǵĿ̨ϣʱ΢΢ҡͷ̾ϢڲɳУŭ


338 кβ
֮ɱ˵ҲûУǴΪûмʱջ£ɱˡȻħ֮оķ緶ȺҲʮᳫ䣬ǱϾʧĶħŵӣһѡڻüƵʱһ㶼ʤ׷ˡ
һֶ֪֮ͶȻ˱Աȫ
ҪҶģϣԼһϾֻҪġ
ǺܿϧϵĲǱˣ覴ñرҶƣټѾŭйսħŵӶҪɱ
Ҷƣʲôɲ֣
ͷ­ѾеĿҶٴθһ˿ζĽԼĽŴĿһҿ˿ܡ
ɱ
Ҫ֣
ų򣬸
ħŶˣ
Χĺһ˸߹һˣƺʧصıԵӶȥҶ˸տʼʦԼĻʱǧҪ֡
̧ͷҶƿ˸̨ϵ볤ϣ˫֮оοɫ
ҶͶȥһʵĿ⣬شģʦ϶Ĵ𸴡
Ȼˣη壡
ҶƵХһ͵̧ţѾôһɲõĽɫâҶƵĽŰΧ֮ΧռҲ΢΢սš
һϢˣҶƵĽ֮вȳһĹѣϵĳԶӶȥ
ɣ
Ҷȵͬʱ͵ĳ̤ȥ
㡭ҡ䡭ͷ­ڵµĿ˻ĵǺ;ΪѾֹסΧȺķŭˡ
ס֣
ɳҲ̲סڵһվΪȷŭǵͨ죬ķֵϵĶţӲ
ζԲɳϵĴǷǳģʧȥΨһһӣһʧ˷ħҪǣԼ볤ϴĵѹҲʧ
볤ͷԭ볤ϾӵʥѹһͷôԼ볤ϵĶô
Ŷ
Ҷ΢΢ŲɳϴȥɳΧĿռ䲻ϵţŤţΧƺѾһεĴٿţΧϢֹͣӴѹֱ顣
ѾͶˡչûȨ֣ɳʲôʱһôǹҼλ϶ǹͬļ֤ߣҲ˽Բʲô
Ҫƫƫأ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˲¶аΧħŮһ졣
ң
ɳܻ
ҶȴһЦˣЦúǲƺ˿ûаѲɳϷ
ҸңҲңΪʲôңҶƿЦŷʵ
һҵɣ
ҶɫͽȻ䣬ɱ
ΧЩħŵӽĸӷˡ
˵úã
ɱ
ɱ
ΧˮһӿĻҶһô޷˵̤ȥ
һѵһҺ彦͵һ£漴عƽֹͣ
ͣ
һ峺˲ɳϵĵףƺ˺ݺݵϳһǣǳɫ
Լ֯ˣû뵽Ҷƻɱ˿ѵǺݺݵĴô
ħŵǰ涪
ɳϺʱ
꣡
Χռ˲䱻ɳķ飬һȴò㷢ֻܷŭѵ˻ȥ۾ĿҶƣ૵ϣԺ󲻻Ϊ˽顭ڣ
Ҳڵģ
Ҷƻڵ̨Ҳһۣ˿֡
ɣ
볤ϴſĵЦݣŲɳ֡
ʲô
ɳϻڷŭ֮Уûлع
ʥ
볤ϵĻǼ򵥣
ãããǺܺã
ɳŭЦһ˵á֣͵һƤӸ볤ϣЦȥˡ
Ҳûȥˡ
볤ϹЦЦȴͬ⵶һݺݒ˲ɳϵϣġѪ
̨ºĵ֮У΢ЦŴȥҶơ
ħ鹫ӣôΣһŵĺӿǰպɫȵ꣬ʵ
Ը񲻽ֹ꣬ϣпᣬ츳ǲֵˣܹĸоЩȫʵֻǱɽһǶѡ
ħ鹫ӵˡৡһ˦ɫȣҡͷԵ־֮䣬Щʡ
Ȼħ鹫Ӷô˵һˣҲҪʱύһ¡΢΢һЦתȥ
ۿһźıҲգӰ˲ʧֻôһ仰
Ƣħ鹫΢΢һЦȣҲʧȺ֮С
ǰıҲգҲհҶƣȤȤ


339 
û뵽ǳڶת֮ףĹ֮Ϳɿȵת֮ˣ˲˼飬Ҳ𾪲أ
ص˴֮У볤ЦݵĿҶƣ
ҶƼæǫֻѣʦˡ
볤ͻȻһɻʵһҲǼǴģȻܹһϺħҪ֪Ȼͷ˳ۣǺħҲǼƷȻôˡ
ҶһɫȻ˵͸Լļֻ׼һȥ
볤ƺҶƵһЩԸæӻֵûб˼ͽܹ𣬱ֻΪеˡЩ飬Ը˵ˡ
Ҷһ㲻ˡ
ˣⱾѹȻȲϱĻ󷨣Ҳʥ֮һ˶ҲûлҲܹһֶΡ볤ƤᣬЦǷƴ˿ҪĶˣ˷۱
ҶϸϸĴһƤᣬֻԼԼ֣˿ǲһʥ˵ȷֻ洦
ҶƺԼ״ѧöǲȥĶˣ˵ֻлûкô
ҶƲʦѿֻܸ˵ĽӹƤᣬͬʱʦ
ðĺͽһοӵֱӽӢӵʵˣҪڽзĿˣ˭㣬ǵЩӢӵͽԱԣ¾֮ͽҲǿսһʱİɣ볤Цۡ
ҶƵͷÿɷֻҪֶε֮ףҶƵȷҲǲġ֮һսξ֮У
α֮󣬾ѡγһЩͻĵ辫ӢӵĳƺţȻҪȥִˡӢǱҪȥִΪħЧġȻħҲỨǮǡ볤ϵɫ࣬ɲͬ޷ǾɱһЩŵĵӣ˵ףѰ
ҶĿʦ𣬼ᶨ֮˸ױȵ
ʦҶ֪ˣҶն
볤ٴηԸҶ֮ȥҶƿŸոԱһԲĳɶһ󼤶
δٴμһڴһļ¡
һϮ۵ĳɶɫǵı飬濴ϲ򱯣Ҷȴ·ܹĵ֮иоŮĻϲ
ΪԼô˿
Ҷǰɶ۵裬ڴ֮вϵţ޹ǵС֣
һˡ
ĽɶĶһҶ˷ܲѵ
ǼƮ㣬Ů㣡ͷ֮ȥ
š
ɶվǱ齩Ӳĵ˵ͷûбĶ˫Ҳƺ֪ôţô
ûУ
Ҷƺ޳ܵųɶһƦЦעųɶ˫Ŀ
˫Ŀ֮˸ŵĹԣҲΪЩɬԵú˵ģɷǿɰƽ߰ĳɶȻҲ¶СŮ˵̬
Ҷƿɶƺûκηӳһ󽹼ٴδȥɶͬľӣ
ɶ˫۵ɵôģǱҶͻȻҲһεˣҲǿϰˡֻǶôɬ˿֪Ӧȥȥȡˡ
ɬӣҶưķ񡭡
ãҶ뿪˳ɶ촽Ŀ벻ҡ
˵ʵûҡ
Ҷص˳ɶϡԭҪѪոͨ졣
˼ãƺǲҶƼôȥҲƺǲԸ˵ѻɶڴмһϸ΢ġš֡
ָоŪóɶЩϰµģȨ׻ƿҶơɫģͷ
ҶԴоЩΣΪ˻εĳֻôӿռָóո볤ϸѹȻݸ˳ɶ
ɶҾʺһЩҲȱֶΡҶޱϵ
ɶ̧ͷ۾ʵĿҶƣƺҪЩʲôȴҶٴסС죬Ҫ˵ĻҲʽ˶档
ء
ɶͣĿţƺûʲô̫;
֮ȶȲϵ¡
ԸʹȻעɶ̫Ҳ̫ڵִҶЩ޴֡ɶҲҶƽеһڵģΧľˣҲҶЩɥ


340 ؽ޷
ڶ볤ϵʱҶЩʵʦħħͨ죬Ϊʲôȴûм˼ң
볤΢΢Ц˼ȥ٣˭Ҳ١Ҳܹ˵ġʦңƽҲѼһΡ
ʦô˵ҶƵĲǳ׷ȥаħұ۵飬û˭ħ˽⡣Ҷƾ³ʲôӱħײȻԼаħұۡͬʸ̨ͻᱩ¶ȻԼ¾ʻյվˡ
Ȼħٳ֣ôҶƻʱ룬ʱǰȫġ
˹㳡֮ϣеڶıյҶƵķܶ˶Ѿʶ޺ʵּݵꡣɳϵֹûκЧʵŵ˼㣡
Ҳܺϴ󲿷˵θڣħ֮вٳǿߵģҶƱǿȻ
̨ħŵսţΧպƳգΧռ䲻һƵ𲻶ϴΧĺɫϢ棬漴Ϣʧ
ҶϸĿ˵Ķʱĵ˵ͷܿ˸ǧʵҲ˶٣ʤҲҡ
볤ϿҶô΢΢ЦָһӵͽǾ賤ϵĵӣһĳϵĵӣ˽ԶǶ֮۷壬ϣ֮׵ĺ󱲣Ҳһζڵţ
Ҷ΢΢˵ͷ˵۾գգ
ʵʤڴ󿪴ϣ͵ϢתΧռ˺ѸҲӵӴΡ롣ʤֶα仯Ī⣬ļܴܴ鷳
ʵǾ綼˶٣ֻĳЩϸڷ棬ȫ±ĹŪæҡ
볤ϿҶĿתͻȻһƣͽ֪ãˣĸӮüʴЩ
ҶƼæ볤ʦͽ׾
޷
볤ЦеֻһϾֶ֮ѣҪ档
ҶתͷϸĹ۲ĹңַϵռĴ𵴣ɱƺЩæҵġ
ҶȴܹһֱסģȻʽ󿪴֮ζǹȵġ
ӲҪ˵һ
֮¡
ʦҸоӮñҶ˵
Ŷ
볤΢΢üȻΪѡϾʤʴһЩԸ߱뷨ôΪʲôô˵
ܼ򵥡
ҶƵĿųϣȻֶβ˺Ҳ㹻Զ˵ȻЩΣգǲûһ˿ңֻҪ¶һ˿ץסô϶ܵĽ֡
Ϊţһ򷨣
Ҷ˸ŵĹâ
ðһһ򷨣
볤͵ĵ˵ͷϣȷģ
䣡
˫ֲٿſռѷ죬ϵĳ強ѹȥΧĿռҲ羵һ͸һƲϵӳٶȼĳȥ
ҲԵõ˲ĴϢ˫ȭ˸΢΢ڹ⣬˫͵ǰһӡ漴һɾ޴ĺӳǹɺڿ𽥵һ޴ĺɫȭͷӣѸײڶ֮һȭ˹ȥ
꣡
ռ䷱ܳ˿ֲĵѷ죬ҳؾĦķƵΧռ͵ĳݶȥһڹ˸˵ǰ
һ˫ѸٵĽռѷԼǰΪ˲ǼȱȫԼ˵
Ͼһʵ̫ǿ󣬺ɫ֮ϾȻһĸоû뵽һȭȻܹơ
ܲ˫ƿصĿռѷǺɫȭͷݺݵײһֻһռǺɫȭͷȻֱӴ͸˲ռ䣬ݺݵĺؿڡ
ۣ
һѪ͵شɫʱòҰסռѷ춼ѾȭͷɣɢŲõĹâ
ȻһȭֱӺĵ˳ȥݺݵײ˺ɫ棬𵴵ĻѪ
ڴ˫粻Ŀŵز΢΢˼¡
ȻѾʧȥսˣжӮĳϵʤ
볤ûаӣ΢Цͽ¶ˣӦùϲ㰡
ҶҲһЦʦ𣬵ҲֻǽҶѣȶֻһֱûлѣǴơؽ޷棬ɲ


341 ɶ
桭ɳɶ
ոȥʱ̨ٴδһ㶣һ˿˼Ĺâ
Ҫ֪Ǹոձϣ˵ҲӦʱϢʱ䣬ôܸո³Ͷһأ
ȫϳʶ
ʱһɶƮƮȻ䵽̨֮ϣŶ˵˾Ȼ̨Ӵһ
û뵽˽֮УȻ֮ˣ
ɽһƺ궼ڻˡ
ϸĴһ³ɶšҪ֪֮ҲһЩĵĹصġʵʵ̫ôͻƵһһЩͺñȳɶһֻ½֮ûжãûȫȹһľʹﵽ˶֮׵۷ˡ
˴ıȽϣƺûκοɱԡΪ˱ĹƽøոսһֹͣϢٽһ
뵽ЩҲȻˣȻԼʣɣǳһЩҩָһǺ׵ģԸɶҲû֮еôѡ
ɡ
Ҳ̨֮ǰѾ˸ȥ񳡵ٴ޸ˡ
ﾡ档
ԭħ֮еĹɡ
ߣûʸ˵Ĺע
ֻǿߣ˳µһзǳĴ
ɶѾκ׼캮УȻһ˿һĲħŵĵһθ˵ıԣ֮ǰͷġ
ȻǵһΣҲг˵ϲõĸо
ƺЩ֮ⲻھƣʱĿɶĿ⣬ķǳᡣƺԼԼһЩ˸оĵ׵һ
ҶƸǷŭ߬ȭͷ޲̳ȥͷ֪һǲеġ
ɶƺЩܲĿ⣬ɫ֮µĽ͵һ漴캮һռ֮һХĺ˲һ𣬽ΧĿռ䶳˿顣
ಣ
ֻһ˦Ӵı˲䳯ƺƵķɹȥһʯһ㣬ӴֱķΡ
һƺΪԼ˫ȭԲ𵴲ЩıȫΪ
ɫϢ֮вϵƮɫϢϵײţڻţš
ȻĺɫϢʤһȻɶı֮ȵ޷γһɫһķ֣Ǳ֮ƽҲֻεʧ֮У

Х֮˶ĤһѣΣɶ캮Ȼ͵ڿлûһٱڱľ޴ɫӰƺƵĳȥ
꣡
ıΪĩΧѷ첻ĵıռ˺ѣӴƽ˴ĵеһܡ
˿γһƣ޴ĺɫɵȭͷ˲ǰѵĿռ֮гݺݵſ߬סǰѾ޴ĳӰ
ȻͽȥˡϵĶƴΪԭʼҲҧš
ջǳɶ㣬˲ʮסǳԼ׵ɫӰҲʧǴŰڿתһȦķ˿ռѷ֮С
ɶֻо֮һĳȣһѪ̲ס˳ðֱǵѪ֮ϵĨ̺ôҫۡ
캮ɶһ֮⡣
ѵԷ֮ǰѾôʵһǲǶô
ҲʧܣҲ䣡
ɶŭĵͺһ캮Χ裬ХĺΧĿΪһĶ˲̤žŰʮһֵķλ쾡ģӰ
ಣ
һӰ͵ؽ캮ն£ͬʱЩӰҲظͬĶռʱƬѣĿռƺҪ˺Ƭ
ÿٶȡǡ
Щ𾪣˫֮һ˿˼飬ƺʲôˣŵȻǡܲ
䣬ʮ캮ѾݺݵնʮɫĹâҲ׽Χռ÷飡һһģ߲ѣĿģ
ɶƺصռ֮С
µòȷܲ
¡
֮ɫĹâ˲УĺɫҲ˲ҫ۵ǿ⣬Լܺõıܵ޴˺
ÿ죡
̨µҶҲǿһۻңɵó̾ʥܲʵ
ҶƣЩħŵһҲǼĻ˵ֻսԽҲԽֵ˷ܣҲܹѧĶ


342 
ɫâݺݵնźɫţƺûһһ㣬ռ䵹һһεնϵţǺɫȴ·ûܵôص˺ҲֻǷ̡ѡ
ɶٶȼ죬ƺѾλһ㡣ÿһγֱضղԶֺɵĵطһһȫֵնǺɫ棬Ȼ󣬵ƺȴûʲô;
ಣ
֮гɶ岻ϱ任ŷλλãҲ͸޴ȥ
̡
ɶߵıɫͻȻӳסǺɫ˲ɫתٶҲƺ֮ٶܵ˼һ㡣
̨µħŵӿʼ˵ЦĽ̸һиϵôõľȻ˿ڣĳЦ
ܲȥˣɫ֮зһŭĲʵŭƺһôѹҲоһ˿ŭҲʹΪǰоԼʧȥӡںɫűըļɫݺݵײ飬Ȼɣ
䣡
ϵĺȭÿһȭΧĿռ֮ӴĿռ䲻ϵĳųɶѹȶȥһ֮ϽԶѹ
ɶ׻ؿھţȻѹܣҲһݳޡ
ۣ
³һѪɶ¶Σ漴ϲ˫ɶΧĿռ˲䱻ͬʱҲס֫

ɶɫһ԰ףһ屻ٶٿ죬Ҳǲʩչˡ
ûڴڵĴϢһ˫֮¶һ׹⣬͵ץһĿռУֱֶųɶͶȥ
ȥɣ
˿Ҳû˰ϧζԺֻһͷǾǣɱɱǰˣԼѾʧȥӣ
ҶԴӳɶ屻ʱѾ˲ԤУ˿̿Ȼɱ֣ҲƲסȼһ͵س̨֮ϳȥ
˵̨ǲ޶ʹɱֵģȻԸôƺҪɶɱֻסԼ֮еıߣϴˢԼĳ裡
ס֣
볤ȻܿųɶɱҲܳȥȣƻ˹ءԱ߻ĲɳϷֵͻȻ¶һ˿ЦݣƺǿԼͷȻҲҪʧȥһӶе˷ܡ
볤ϲжҶƲж˼ɣ
𣡡
һ޴ΧȣҶƻžҵĽ⣬ȥһŲõĽɫǣ
ˣס֣
ϵһͻȻſ۾һӴĺصѹͻȻǧԶ֮ҶƵҵһ漴һѪ
ҶƲΪƾͷԼľֻڿ΢΢˸һ¾̸Ѹٵĳȥ
賤ҲסˣȻܷԼͽڹƽ֮бͻȻ֣͵վ˫֮һۿɼʵ𵴵ǰһȣȻķѿ
ҶֻоԼ屻һĪסˣָоƺǿԼ岻ϵĳźȥֻƬ̣Ѿź淴ס
ʱ
Ҷ˫֮ĹâۿǿռоҪĴ͸ɶĽҶ˫۶ɺ죬ոմս֮ոһ㡣
ҷš֡
ҶƸεѣ˫ȭŭ߬Զľ賤š޴֮Ȼ˲𵴵ΧռƬƬ״Ǻ;賤Ҳǳת֮׵ǿߡ
賤ϵǱҶɺĿŵûһĿǾ賤ƽδģ޾ĳޣޣޣе˲תΪ޾ķŭʱһСĿ⿴ʱʱ
ɶɫһҰףȴûжݣô䵭ʱҲκεıã߰˵ĳɶ΢΢̣˿ûκξƺһ롭ͳΪ㣡
תͷɶҶ΢΢һЦ촽΢ţ䶯ҶƿĿҪ˵Ļǣ첻䣡

Ѫɫ˫֮ɺѪᣬҶƴһҪȥȴ賤ϵʱεĿסŻǱݺݵѹ˵֮ϡ
꣡
Ҷ˫̤棬ƬƬӿ޴𵴵Χħŵӻһ
裬ҶƵ屻賤ѹţͬʱ賤ҲûôܣҶƵԳϣ֮ǰԤȻҪһ


343 Զ
ХţҶƵεڵ֮ϡӴѹ޴ͷţȻҶƵ˫Ⱥݺݵûʯ֮С
¡죡
Ĵʯѣշ顣
ҶƵɴ۾Ѫɫˮգڵ֮ϣȻӲҳһСʯ
ǿռͬ޵һ㣬ݺݵĴ˳ɶĽ֮ϣ͵عᴩһĨѪţɶɫ˲䱻Ŀ͵Ĳţ΢΢۾·һ˿ʣĿҶһۣ漴ǳݺݵĳźȥ
һ֮У飬źвᣬľ
СܵܣСģ
ҽгɶĵӣŶ
ߣ濴С󣡡

һдֽ覵ļͬӰһطҶƵԺ֮УԼ˼ĺٻӰϡںη
ҵ˰
ǸһֱԾԼл֮ȥٻӰ
ǸԼһֱ׷밡

ҵŮ㣬ҵɶ
һУûˡһУˡһУѾˣ
ҵŮ㡭
ң
⡢ң
ŭ
ƲסķŭƲסķŭƲסķŭ
紵˳ɶɫӣڿ裬·ؼ˵ľɫ
һ̣ΨһĹʣ
첻䡣
첻䡣
ԡ졢䣡
ΪܿڵĻȴҶ𡭡
𰡡

žડ
Ҷ˫ϥһ˵ϣ˫ַŵ棬ƺܴѾѵʯ֮пӰŵԼݡ
δ𡭡
δ𡭡
Ѫ᲻ϵĴջ䣬֮ϣһСӱѪҳ

ҶţΧգʹرɫƲסıڣڣ޾ڣ
أ
ڵŭǱըһ㣬˲ΧһǹԵʱȻҶƻˡ
ʲôⲻܣ
賤ϷŭŴ۾૵һ֮׵ģôִܹ˽֮׵ǿʹʱ
ǣܿܣ
ʵʵʵڵķģ
ӴƳһͷͨ巺ںɫľҶΧһӰ
ˢ
ҶƵ֫ͬʱһܵƬ
ˢ
ͻȻһβ
ˣʲôֵأʲôҪأʧȥɶ磬һҪʲôأ
Ҫʲôأ
ʲôأ
໣
һŭ˲쳹ʣҶΧŵͷɫƺХ񷣡Ĵ·ˣֻܹӵе
һжϣһжϣ
һжûзУûУ
˺ѷһʹۣҶͬһ㣬ݺݵĳȥƺʤĿϲ֮УƺԼѾӢӵӡ
漴Ӱͱޱ޼ʵĺɫҲֲһ˿ʡ
ৣ
֮һ˶ĽһϵƬ䣬ѪĽȻѾҶƲٿŵĿռ֮ȫ⣡

ħ鹫Ѿ߳Զ˿ͻȻоΧذϵ䣬æȥ
еͷɫȻһҪ¶Ĥݵ
ǹ㳡̨
˼һ䣬պɫȵֶ΢΢ƲסĲ
ಣ
ӰѸչħ鹫Ѹٵԭ·ء

ϣ
賤ۿԼİͽ˾ôɱзŭ֮ⲻӿոǵȷ˲ʧҲ˲ʧҶƳɹɱ
ҲʬһۣƺޱȶĵĶҶͷҲصĽӽ˳ɶĽ𣬴ֽ߬סɶС֣ĸоĵ׸еһ󾪻š
㲻ɶҵŮ㣬Ҳ
ҶѸڷʱĵҩܹⵤȣϣܹƣȴû˿;

һ̾ϢҶԺֳ֮̾ûõģڷûзʱЩãڴͬΪֶȻʧȥЧá

ҶƷ˺Լͷ

أ
Ҷ˲һǿ죬Χ˲伤ȥ
飬һʲô취ԲԣһܹȻҵŮ㡭
ҶƼĶˣ顭
ʹˣҡҲû취
Ҷסˣסˡ
ŻЩµ壬Ǳռѷᴩľ޴˿ڣҶƾסˡ
һⲻģģǣǣ


344 㲻
Ǽ˵ѾıȥҶǿҲһһĳȥĵȵס
е캮Ҳɢһԣƺ캮ҲΪ˵ȥе
Ҷ˫һƬž֮ɫƺ֮һжݡ

賤ܻ͵һ֣Ҷռλ˲ͷӴѹ龰ƺֻҪһ˲ܹҶƳѹ⣡
볤ҲвסˣҲ͵ؽ˸ӡӲĽռǿ͵ƿһͻȻŷ
ʦ֣ǲҪ̫ڼΪãôһ󱲼ƽϣ
볤ϵģڳɶҲźʦͽģɶڱչ֮ǰʲô鶼ҪԼĿгɶ͸ŮһţһĻ
볤ޱȣ䵽Լ˶оЩ˼顣Լô
賤ϻûлػɳϾվ˳룬ɲҪ̫֣Ǽλϣ˭Ҳ˭ͽҶƵɱҵӿʱôڵվ˵µƸߵ㣬һʿǱЩŵαӸӻװ
ɳϵ֮дһ˿ԹƺҪΪԼͽҲһ˿侮ʯζ
ĵӣֲ˵ģ
볤ĺߵ仰ȴǰѲɳɫɷס
ʦ֣㿴˲ʶôѾΪħųϵˣ
ɳɫƵĿ볤ϣתͷԾ賤ϵ
ߣȻûʸ˵ģǱأȻҳֹҪħ֮ڵս
賤ͻȻӴ˿ҪϢ˵ǿΧռԶΪһƬһƬ飬賤ʮְԵߵ
ʵĲ࣡ʵǿģȻʸֱͦ˵
սѹͻȻԤ׵ıָž賤ϵıƿڴʲôҲڱǰָֻţձͰѻҶǱͽȨİȫ
λ𾪵ΧһЩħŵ˲͵״̬
⻰ȥȴĵһ
ʲô˼
ѵ볤˿¾賤ôѵҪսô
ħ鹫ԶԶĿͷɫ̾ӰֻǸӰʱ˿̰ڵϱһˡ
ô¼ţô
ã룬ȻȲʣǾͱֱˣ賤ϷŭĴͬʱ˫ֿʼѸٵĽӡƺҪ볤ƴһ
˲ɫĺŴȻڻΪϾȻħ֮ڶɺͳ
ĸƺӴ޴ĺȻֱӸǹ˸ոҶƵ֮ÿռ𵴡öΪħŵӣȻѪ
볤ϸ賤ƺЩηߣݺҧҧ֡
һ˫ǵ۾ŰڵϵҶƣ΢΢üղŴ˱򣬲ҽͬŵ͵Ϯ㹻ˡ
ٺٺٺ١̣˭ô
һͳĲЦЦİ޾ĺ⣬һֱͷҶƣģ̇ͷ
һ˫ȫ졢ѪһĳͫëȻĺ䣬Ķߡ
ȻҲǱҶƵӸ𾪵ˣܿعߵԲãñͣ
˿Ÿ߸ϵ
Ҷıɶ壬ҲߣĸĶ૵ɶŮ㡭һΪ㱨һΪɱЩϹͳ˶ߵĥ
ȴǲ۾ˡ䵭ıҲȥµֻǵġ΢Ц̣޵ĳŨŨİ⡣
ɶ۾
Ҷ۵ĹЦ˳͵վѪĻڳˣȥЩϣʣħŵӶ˫۾淢ëƺʲôһ㡣
Ҫ̣Ϲ񣡡
ҶƿŭĺΧ˲ȥʮףҶβ͵һ˦ѸٵĳԶ۶ȥΧɫԶӰƺøʵǹѪ֮еѹҲ˸оһ𺳡
ɫһ䣬û뵽ҶƾȻôߡ
˲ôܲ
ߴ֮ףϡ
Ҳһ֮֮ϵħŴϡ
˫֮һɱ⣬Ѹһ˲ҶǰĿռѷ촦ӴҶƾѪ֮ɸܵһʹ
Ů㡭ˡ
Ҷ΢΢۾̾Ϣһֻϧû취Ϊ㱨ˡ
ҲǴĿ֮һ˿⣬ΪҶƱʱһɹ᳹صȻͻȻϢӿħŶ˽ȥ
ϵ岻ϵĲţֻžડһȻ̱棬ͷ亹쭣𾪵һ仰˵촽԰׺Ѫɫ
ǡ


345 
¡¡죬һöĿĹâͻȻӳۣΧռʱûκ׵ȥƬӳǽɫĹͻȻ֮ڿлһֻõľͷ޴ӵɵԲ΢ţһ϶ޱȰƯÿ˵֮С
˭˺ǲʹ
ˣ
λ˲鲻ѣ˲仯ΪޣħԶɽͣȻ˲ʧֻ²ŵѿռ
˶ˣ⾿һֶΣֶѾ˵֪һ»ȥռλ棬⡭
ǽɫͷݺݵתͷŴϣеĺݶ֮ɫһࡣ
ϱ޴۾סֻо嶼ʧȥжݾȻҧĿֱ죬亹Ѿȫʪĺ󱳡ִĵӶĲɿܵĸоȫ˲һ˿ֿζ
⡭⡭⡭
ϵ亹ѾĻʪ͸Ҳ˲һ˿ִĸо
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ҶƺΧľ󾪴ˣ֮ǲõĽɫͷ֪Ϊ¶һ˿ʮеĸоͺñȻ̫ǵѪͬԴһ㡣
ǽɫͺһסڳˡ
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鼤ѵĺţܹۿһô飬ҲǶҪҲ󲻵İû뵽վȻˡ
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Ҷ𣬵ֻһƬƬӰѣ䱾ȻܴԽʱγ־ѾƻˣΪ֮
ҶγѣҧҧеĳɶĳԶȥ
ǱһĽϵɽٹʱ˿̶޵Ŀռģ̵Ĳϻš
Ŀռ䷨ǱȽϽģʵ̫Ӵ󣬲ݻλĸԻָҲʮֵĻ
ҶΧ̾ĺɫһ˲ٹ⣬ڿʧҶĿ磬ӵסеĳɶ֮һ
Ľɫͷ­ƺҶѾԶȥˣĵ˵ͷ˲仯һƴСĽɫƬƿռ͵سҶƳȥ
ಣ
ǽɫƬٶ̫죬ȻԼﵽ٣
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ҶƸоޱȣ͵ػһ̣ǽɫƬУһΧռһ
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ҶһЩ˼
ƬƬʱմɽ絽磬Լɹ׷ɱһ뵽ҶƶȻԼԼһ˿м֮顣
Ҫ֪ǰҶƸǶûжرĸģʹҲǴҫ̳жģ֪ʹΡ
û⡭⡭˵Ĵһ˵ƬûЩ
ҶƵõ׼ȷĴ֮Ҳ͵صһ
̫ˣֻһƬƬܹͨ䱾ﵽʲôز
һ룬ıȻңԶɽ֮ϣڹ꣬һƬƬȻܹӵǿֱӺСλ棬ͷҲŵ̱
ֶΣ
޷ݣ
ǿף
ٴαϮҶٴ˶ٳ֮УʶĳǳأһֺЦĳ嶯
ҵһҾƵ꣬Ҷס˽ȥĵĽ̨óС
һЩҶƲǿһɶ˵ϣ˫۶ųɶ޾׵Ȼ˫Ѿˡ
ʺɫѪ£ж᲻ᵯֻδʱ
˫ȭݺݵĴŵ棬һоڲСڳ֮иܺܺõԣµѾòȥʵˡ
۽ǵˮҶޱȼ㣬·¶ʲôһ㣬ӿռָ֮óһҩժһƬҶķɶС
ƬҶУɶ·ǽ˱һ㣬˲䱻ҶҲһ㻹ϣ
ҩǧݣԽܸáԭǼߵһû뵽ô
ǧ治У˭Ҳ֪ûȳɶķӣ˵Ժ֮䷢˱ķҪδѣ׼һС
ɶҶƱߵڵϣһеĽɫƬҶһװ˿ռָ֮Уôƽţ˫۶ĿϿգ˫ȭս
һ죬һʮٱĳһУ
Ҷзŭķĵ


346 ħֲ
һװĺޱȵĴ֮УһŮӶͭ۲תɷˡ
˿̣ſ߽һŹʣŮӵıӰüͷ壬
濣Ǹױ㣬ϹٲʲôõģʵѾﵽ˶֮۷壬ϾҪ֮ףϹټҸĽݼҲŵԣףȻ˵һ¡
ŮתͷԭƮ鶯Ѿںһ˿֮ɫһףҵĺøףѵΪҵ֣ҪŮһͳȥУҾʲô
̾һ濣ϹٲҲ÷ĸֲǲ֪ܽΪ£ǿ϶ǽԴϲ
Ľ濱۾ҡͷҲǲ˵ģҲܼˣ
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ĽôһߴıӰռ顣о֮ȥǰһĻٴθԺ֮С
ҶĴѸײڶ֮ƽɱȻ󡭡Ȼ󡭡
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Ľ˫Щ룬ĸоһѪ֮⡣ȴ˵类ʵš

ô
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̾Ϣһҿ˿һ·̣ߣȻ̬Ȼôҵ˵ˣԼĺӣڲǰһ
ЩӦûЩɣ
ȻˣҿɲɵҪ֪ϹټҸǵŵһǳأһŮܻһǳأֵ˺ٺһЦ˫֮¶̰Ĺâ
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һں֮µġϱˣ
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ڶΪɿܵݻ˱Դûа취ָ磬췣
Ƕϱۺ˺ٺЦ˼ʮɳƣһ˫ʮֺˣ㿴һ۶ֱܹһ㡣
Ǹոʲôϱۺ˳ѯʵ
ʲôֲܡⲻʶôĶ߳ŭĽݼҵļӵųת֮׵ʵһ˻治ϡ
˴ȳı͵ӿֳһõС磬ӵӴĹ֮СϵȻѸܻһ͵شݻǰĿռ䣬Ŷϱӿȥ
ϱۺֻЦ˼ΨһۣӭС硣
˴ϲԼСǧ绹ʮŵģǰۺ˾ȻУǼȻĻԭһսҲʡȥˣֱȥɣ
ϵЦݻûг룬ѸٵĻ˾ֵɫΪĸоСڶϱΨһֵĹ֮£Ȼƣ
䣡
ϱ˵ֺݺݵĽСǧ磬ӴĹһ㲻ϵˮн裬Сǧ֮еذʱѾٵ˴Ƭ

˲ҽһ˵ӶߣҪϱ˵Ľ衣
ߣ֮ףЩ
꣡
Ŷϱۺ˵һСǧȻѣռڶϱԵ˵Ĳ԰ô׵ı˺˺ֽһ㡣
ۣ
͵һѪɫɷףڵϣƺѾʧȥֻһ˿૵ĿǶϱˣ㡭㡭㡭ǡ˭
Ƕϱһ֣˵˲䱻ռɣͬԱߵ޸һ𣬺κκۼ
ǽˣ˶Ϊħ𣡡ϱۺƵ֣Ȼ


347 Ī
ħģĽݼҵļĽƻ˼ֻһͱħ׾ٵĻɱҲһĽݼҵǿһȥ˴롣
Զĸħһ˿мĽݼҵļѾɱˣŹҲûҪȥ˰ɣ
˵ţħ֣Զƾޱ䣬رɫԶ߿֮Ѹ͵һ磬һŭŵߣݺݵԶ֮ϣСռλ˲仯Ϊ촷ۣ¶ռĴƬհס
֮ŵļλת֮׵ǿ˲ҲӴɣһžЩǿ߽ԶʵĻΪ飬屻ɷɻҡ
ٳڷĽݼҵĸ·ǿ߷ŭڿն𣬴ߡٳϿֻ˲ۼʮλ֮׵ǿߣЩҲĽݼҵľӢм
Ϊ׵һλЩݵλ˳ħʲôˣȻĽݼҶٳҰҿͲҪŻȥˣɣ
ħǳһ˿Цݣǰʮλ֮׵ˣ΢̾һϧϧ
ϧһ㶣漴мĳЦǲǿϧûȥˣ
˵ϧЩǱ޵ĺ󱲣նҪɥڴˣħ͵һɽѺХһŭˣռ˲ѿӿĹѣռĴɢӴֱ
ҶȻ̨֮ڣͻȻоٳǶҡΣƺ˶ӵæһ˳ȥ
ӳҶƵ֮еģضˣĶٳǾȻֱһ룬˿ھסĳǳأȻ˲ɣ
֮кɫ̵ƣӴÿ˵顣ҶѾԭأһƬ֮к۵ע׸߿֮ϵǺ۶ϱӰ
ħ𡭡ħ𡭡
Ҷ૵Ȼǣտʼǿ󵽿ԼӲ췣ĴȻ췣һۣʵû˸ҷ񶨵ģ
Ͼǳڰת֮׵ǿߣΪݣҲѹʵôǿò˶ãҪɽˡ
ֻԶԶĿħһۣҶƾ͵սľͷ̫ǿˣ̫ǿˣһ۶о֮еѪڲϵķ³
ħԶûнǰЩϺз΢΢һЦǿƵĳ֣
֮ٴһȵ֮ٳٴܲʮڵʳȫΪ촷ۣͬǰʮ֮׵ǿߣһ𣬻ҷ
ԭƵɫʴ˿Եûɵģɢ˿˿֮⡣
ħ𡭡
Ļħݻ飬һǼµģֻϧʵ㣬ȻôҲħȥ
ֻʮת֮׵ǿ߾ͳʧеٵĶ֮Լ֮ˡ
ԭҶƶҪǿߣȻħһ֮»ҷǿƵʵҶҲ֡
Ľҵǿߣ˲һɣеħȫԭҲǰһĽݼң˿̿ΪǳضûʸӵеСˡ
ħЩ̾ĿǰѾʧ˵ˣн´ǳѾΪĶٳǣ̾һ˵ˣϧ
ҶĿ˸ոյĳ棬ƵąʵǿߣԼʸ֮
ħֻ֮һп漴ͻȻʧһѾƿռ·ٳ֮߳
ٳһƬңʿ̤ճȥⶫٳʵ̫Σգ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱһͻݺݵĽ
ǶԼɶʮֿصģ˭ҲĪȥȻⶫٳĽݼҵĵ̣ǳһЩĽݼҵĵϵҲǲӵʿĺΪңﶨӶԣûҪϡ
ħȻЩСϺҲû˿ȤȻǿߣǾҪǿߵķȣϸһȺСӼƽʲô֮ԸտʼͽĽƻķ˻ɱԭΪ˵̸
ĿŽ֮ϵһЩɫӡӡǣʱ˿ӡڲϵŹ˲ʲôħԼԼ˵ʲô
ϸѭǹĸоħȻ嶼ڲԸҪɣ˭¶ἤĻ
Ѹٵڷ֮нţΧʯûһ˿һӰ죬ͬˮһڿռ֮дѸٵĳŶٳĵķӽȥ
ҶǿסԼȵҲ֪ħ̫רĻʲôȻûзԼĴڡƾħôǿʵԿռǲܵ飬ȷǷˡ


348 㸸
ĽڷڼĲˣüҪȥǷȴһĪĽƸסˣηײ
ףĸףô£Ľһĺ¡죬𾪲ѡ뵽ǿٳǵˡ
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ٳ˵ĴңȻҲвסġüζƿƳȥǶƵĵһĪķŭ
ô
Ľ͵ؼһڵϣȻţзŭѡ
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ͻȻźһĸ첲ϵĺɫͻȻٴ̶˿֮ǰǴΣһɴĸоƺҪ׷ѰԼеһЩ
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ħ͵شⶰǰĿռ˸Ÿ첲ϲ˸ĺɫģħصһĭ˫֮оϵķĵļ֮ɫ
ԽǿǶӣָоԽǿҡ
֮УħһǶӣɫȣƺʲô飬Ϥħ˿һĻ»°Ͷܹϡ
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ħüһ֣ǵ˲ɢ̶ֳȵĽȻܹסĽ濣Ƕħ˵ֻһֽѣֻҪ룬ʱ˺
Χռ͵һǿҵĲ漴͵ɢ֮СħһһĳŴȥ
ԽǽӽţҲԽǼ̾һϵı˲Ϣ䣬ʮֿɬƿš
ɳɳ
ƺǾܲסǵħֱӻһҳɢ֮Сħֱ֮ϵĺɫģһȫķǧ̹â
Ľֻоǰһڣ漴һ۵ĹâʹòסǰĹſڵԼԼһĸߴĺˡ
ɢȥħֱϵĺɫҲֹͣתħĿĽ濣񰡣ʵ̫ˡ
Ľ͵һǰһͻȻԼ壬ϴԼһоåʱԭת͵һųħݺݵ߹ȥ
ಣ
ħҲ㣬ҲǽźݺݵԼĺ֮ϣȴûзֲǹľƾʧˡ
ħҡͷ񣬾ԸҲôơ
ĽۿԼĹȻûκ;һ͵һȭħؿںȥһȭԼԼ˿ռķΧռ仯Ϊһͬʱħȥ
ħߵĺԶ̶ֳȵСûаָоһ˿һûС
Ƕϱˣ
Ľ濿ǰӵĳȫȻһɽƲס񣬵ĵȴܵ¶һ˿׽У·˾һ㣬˵ͬѪ
׽УԼĸоȻû˿Υͣ
˾˭ĽɻѵĴħҿ϶ûмģȻûмôһϤĸоǴӺζأ
˭
Ľ濼γֶûκЧҲǰ˿ԼԶԸģˬĳȥ˫Բģ龫֮дһ⣬ȻʣôĶ
ôħԳЦЦŸоԼЩʧ̬ˣһħ֣صĿĽ濣һһٵġף
Ľ濵鱻ݺݵһ£ǰôϤ˵Ļô˵ѡĽȴеʮֵĻơ
ߣиףҸĽƻĽ濣ĽĿһɣݺݵĶħߵ
ȻҲ֪˭ҲĶ֣ÿҪȥʲô飡Ľ˫˸ž
ħεʼĽƻҲ䵱ĸף֪淢ʲôôǶٳĽݼҵˣȥ˴ѣ͵ǶĲˣ


349 ҵŮ
ʲôĽ𾪵ֱӵɴ˫ۣԳԵ˵˵ȥ롱ʱʮƽͬڲʲôһ㣬ûаֲѾ͸һС
˶ٳǣĽ濵΢΢ţƺǷʲôֲ飬˫ͫ΢΢ǰûκΣյĺ˾ȻֲħĻ
ħνʼʲôģҵŮǶ˵ֻİ˶ѡ
ȻþӸλħ˼ķʽͬˡ
ʲô
Ľ濷һĳ˳ȥӳĹǶٳǷưܵӣСˢıò԰ףκѪɫ
ġ㡭Ľ΢΢ָħۿ֮дתļҰȻǲҪ˵
˿̿԰ȻһƬ棬˭¶ܲ˵İɣ
㡭㡭Ľ濺׵ͻȻ쭣͵һ;Ŀռ䣬ħݺݵȥ
ħ̾ϢһŲæĽ濵İƣӰƮ޷١
ŮĸװĽ濷쭣ħЩ
ޣҲûĸףҵĸױɱˣɱˣĽ˫֮飬ȻһУҲ٣һȭһȭĳħȥ۶ٴζͽ͡
ħ͵˸˰⣬Ľ濼ӣкܣ͵һۣһõİɫâӳ
Ĳ˵ԼɣҲ䵱ĸĸħŭĵͺ
Ļ֮Ľƻ̸۵ľ
ߣȻ̬Ȼôҵ˵ˣԼĺӣڲǰһĽƻԵЩ߷߲ƽ
ţЩӦûЩɣ
ȻˣҿɲɵҪ֪ϹټҸǵŵһǳأһŮܻһǳأֵĽƻٺһЦ˫֮¶̰Ĺâ
꣬С֪ˣǿɾ군ˣҲʮ˷ܣ˵Щץ濶ȷ磬СôʶôĻôǿģҲСӰϹټȥ

ԭױһĻݻˣĽ˫۴ͣ૵ⲻģҼĸĸôܻô˵
ħе̾ϢⶼģŮһʱỹܽңָײãø׽һж㣬ô
Ľ濴ԭأҲ֪Ĭ˻Ǿܾˡ
ħûеȴĽ濵Ĵ𸴣ԹԵ̾һһ̣ǰ˹Ӱƺʧˣȡ֮һλĸ׵Ľɫ
٣¡Ǹʱһֻһ¶꣬ȻħŵصӰȴû˿ľ򡣡
֪ҲĸסħŸŶսսϣһۿ˵֮ͷĸףҾȻֱӾϲһĸоɡħţǵţôһأ
ڲϵս֮Уڳĸһܴߣʱʲôû룬ֻҪĸ׵ķĶѡĸȴұޱȣȻΪҷӡסˣȴɲҡ
һĹȥվûǿȵַĸףദʱˣȻҲվ顣ûаѳסԼȻʱ֪ȫһԵ޷˵һˡ
ŵĳǰѾȣĸ׸ĸҲûκΰ취ֻۿŰ˱ŵ˽ߡҺԼΪʲôûһǿʵĸסӴ֮ҾͿֱ̿ǧҳħŵ
ǸʱҲŷ֣ĸѾǵ֮еĳˡѾħŵҲûκΰ취Ϊԭ򣬻֮ʵڲ̫ûһ𡣺ĸ׸ңȻ˺ӣһ˫̥͸¶ȥˣһкý͵͵Ľ˳ȥҪ͵֮С
ⷢˣڵʱǿиԼĸ̫Ըû뵽ֻǰ͵˷磬Ǳռ˱𴦡ЩĴ㣬ҲӦֱĺɫģֻҵеһഫĺۼ
˵ô࣬Ӧ˰ɣҵŮħ𶨶ĿĽ濣͸¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ľ濳סˣʵڲĻ֮£ӦӦ
ǰˣҲԼȻħԼȻһֱԼоԼԴҪըˣһеһж̫ͻȻļ԰٣ħ˵ԼŮ׽Ѫĸоü١


350 뷨
߰ɣҵŮΪҵ㣬ɷѿġҵüѾΪԸˡħ۾֮˸Źʣƺ¶һ㡣
ĿһǲƵľĽоһ㣬ļ԰ѾĿ꣬Ȼмֱ֮⡣
Լڻôأʵ
Ůʲô֡ħĿĽ濵
Ľݡ濡
֡Ӧգ濣Σħ˵ͷ¶һ˿
濡濡Ľ濴֣ƺ˼֮С
ħ΢΢һЦĽʾ⣬漴͵һȭǰĿռһӴĿռѷ˳ֻ΢΢һС
ĽҲУһĨ֮ɫ
һֱȥãҶƲŴһƬ֮߳ոħѹʵ̫Ӵ󲻺Ҷ±ħ٣һֱСĽԼϢûбħ֡
Ҷɫһһףһ뵽ɶ޹ĲоһĪķŭħžôĲпᣬʤΪЩԼѡˡ
Լѡȷô
£Ҫ취ȳɶǧ治Уôһ˵ķӣ϶ҲеģͷһҪȥ֮һ峤˵ͷʲôӡ
ڿնڶٳϿգԭޱȷĶٳѾһƬ棬ֻһ֮䰡ر˲ʤꡣ
Լ·ӦôߣȥδӣҶԼҲԼѾħĵӣóȻ¶϶ܵ׷ɱԼҲȥˣ֮ԼȻ˹¶һˡ
ߣȻħšŶңǾԼɰɣҶƷŭ߬ȭͷݺݵ뵽Լʹ˵ʹߣһ֧ʤ֮ڵĴˣѾǴ˼ᶨĻˡ
Ȼδû֮ΪʲôԼһ֮أ
ɫҹգĻķ·ѹ棬ӲƮ˿ХķУãĴء
Ҷޱ߼ʵڴзţƮĴƺܶʲôţ߷·һĤ޷
ħѾ£һϮۣ·һЩ
ŶٳǣϵĳűȥҲ֪Ŀĵֻôޱ߼ʵš
ǰͻȻһŤһӰѸٴԶɿҶߵʱĿȴϸĴһ
㣿
֮дһ˿㵣漴תΪϲɫֱͣס˲ӣЦҶơ
ҶŤͷʶɲĽ濵Ϲٲô
Ϲٲ߿ҶǵӣдϲҶƺݺӵȻҪúõĽʧȥۻ
·㲻ߣͶ˼ȻˣҾ˳Ӧ⣬ɱɣϹٲɭЦš
˭ҶͳŵԴͻȻ̧˫֮зŵѪɫĹâϹٲ𣬾һƬ㱡
ϹٲǿմЦѾǶ֮۷壬ֻһШӾܹ֮ף㵱ô˷ҵӣҽȻŹ㣡
ҶǳһЦ⣬ɭĸоϹٲһƺһ㡣
װŪ
Ϲٲ߳Хһ͵ؽ˫ֳһ˦Χռ˲ѣವǧռвϵţ⻪ƥҶնȥ
Ҷ˫ѾϢĴʵϹٲ߸Ҫô֣أϲսپ
Ĺ⻪Ҷȭͷ֮ϣӳĽۻҡ˲ڿγһ޴ȭͷ״ݺݵеǧԡ
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֮г˾޴İݣеϢϵţҶƺݺݵһȭȥΧҲҶǾ޴Ĺ֮𽥵ɢ̵ıڻ֮С
ž
֮еľ޴ϵţ𺳵˶һѣΡӴĳϹٲߵ𵴳ȥǧס
ôܣȻҲﵽ˶֮ףϹٲ߾͸һ󲻿˼ģ漴͵һȭٴγҶҹȥӳĹƺ赲Ϲٲߵ壬һֻʵһݺݵҹȥ

ΧؾԶϹٲüٶȴ͸һ׶һ㣡
Ҷ¶һ˿̵Ц⣬ȭͷǰ͵һӣǿֱϹɫ壬֮еĿռһĪļѹռҲƬѿ

Ԥ׵ģϹٲߵĿռѵˣȻȫʻ֮еϹٲûκ׵ƳȥҪһ


351 ɱϹٲ
Ҷ˫ţߵĿռҲڲϵţ˵ҶƿǶԿռϤ̶ԶԶϹٲ֮ϣԲٿҲӵĵӦһЩ
Ϲٲ߿಻ԣ͵ؼһ޴ĳ˲ǧףڿкƺƵĳһʡϹٲҲ᲻ϵĳűš
ҪסԼˡ
Ҷǲģ˵ǷʮַǳסΧҪգƺ
ۿϹٲߵҪƳȥҶƹܴĵطҶٴ͵سǰѷһȭȥзһߡ
˸ŲõĽɫԣҫһҫۣ̫ͬʥĹâŴء
һȭڿн任ģջΪһ޴ĽɫӰΧռ飬ϡ
ɫӰһº֧ѿռķ֮ϣʱΧһ죬Ǳ֮ϾȻӳһɫѷ졭

Ϲٲ߾ޱȣʱûӳȥⷨͻȻĻôƬն÷飬ĿռὫԼ˲ɣ
Ȼ˲
Ϲٲ߾ֵĵɴ۾ҾȻ˵͹ʵ
꣡
һ죬׸ߴķڴѣ漴ӴĿռѷ켷ѹ촷ۡ
û֧͵ֲޱȣ޴¡ġ
Ϲٲߴ˿̻ǿռѷѵĵطǷΧڣûӳȥ˿̿ռͻȻݣоѹͽæƴĳȥѡ
ܻţ˭Ըȥ
𣡡
Ϲٲ߷һŭĴ͵سǰһܣ˲˸ǵķΧǴ˿̣ҲѾȫ
Ϲٲֻо͵һ鴤漴ʧȥκ֪˫۵ɵԲһԼѾպ׵ѹˡ
㡭㡭
ʹ糱ˮһӿ漴ҲΪʧѪò԰׺κѪɫ
ϹٲߴڴϢţ˫粻ĶҶƣһһٵ㡭Ȼҡ
ΪʲôңҶƵķʵ
ѵͲϹټҵ׷ɱôħŵĵӣħҲΪһͨӸϹټҷģֻҪ㱻ϹټҴסһܣܣϹٲɫĴ
ʧȥһֻȣҶҪȥԼ練ƣǵľαסԼҪ֪ϹټȻҲסԼԼϹټҵļ̳ˣﱻҶɱôϹټҾȨͨ죬ôʲôأ
ڿǵģǿܷϹټסҶƣֻҪԷ΢¶һ˿ԥɫǾ˵лᣡ
Ϲٲ˫۽ĶҶƵ˫ۣƺҪпôһ˿ҡӣǺźʧˡϹټҶƵ˫ôĹž޲˴ĵ׸еһη塣
Ҷɺ̧עϹٲߣһһٵϹټϹټңϹٲϹٲߡǲϹټңϹٲߵҪȡ̽ȡһ㣿ʱϹټôΣ
Ϲٲ߱Ҷһ̲סľͳһɫЩٻ
㡭㲻ҶҵģȻȻ
ߣ
Ҷٴ̤ǰһӴѹΧմѣˮϵһ㲻ϵĳΧӳȥ

ХϹٲ߱ѹֱӴȥףǿڿֹסΡɫ䣬û뵽ҶƵʵȻǿԶԶĳԼ
ȻҶƵľԼ࣬սɱ֮ҪԼǿ̫࣬ƾһȺԼһҲҶƵĶ֣Ϲٲ߻еġ
ҶƹһЦЦ֮ȴĿ¡
ҪɱҵˣҪʱñɱĴۣȻѾɱҵ뷨ôҿ϶Ź㣡ʹˮһҵأҶɭ
Ϲٲŵɫɷף͵תҪӱܣҶȴһЦſֱ˲ƿסΧգϹٲߵ͵ض֮С
ܣҹ
ͣ
վ죬ֱ飡
Ϲٲߵһڵһ㱻ռǣűҶһק漴Ҷ͵һȭϹٲߵҹȥ
ϹٲߴʧɫҪĶҶƵȭͷڿ͵غƳȥҶƵǶϵһȵԵֿģ
ۣ
ҶѸٵָϹٲ˫֮͵յ£һ֮˲ѪըڿС

ϹٲҵĴţѾʧȡ֮ǿеһѪڲϵš
Ҷ΢΢һЦ͵һΧѣϹٲ߽һֻҲ˲Ȼը飬ѪһѪ֮ζŻ


352 ǰΧ
ɶ񰡣ȻҲģҲţ
Ϲٲƺзŭ֣ҲˡҶһ֣ϹٲߵʱըѣĴɽһ󷭹
ҶĴ˿ŭƺΪϹٲߵ侲˲١ɶѾˣԼôŭҲûôúõĿһνɶȻĸΪʵڡ
ʹˣȻûʲô취Ҹһа취ģͨ󣬸Ǵﵽ˳ת춴֮׵ľ磬޵Ĺͨɽ磬˵ܹͨ˴ӶҵأĬã΢΢
ҶȴͬˮץһһĲæ飬˵Ŀǵ棿
Ȼģʹˣǳࣺ˶޲ߵĻǿܾûа취ˡ
ҶĦȭƵȻˣǺβȥأ˵ɶķӡ
һ뵽֮ǰչֵ񼣣Զɽ֮ϣȻֶһֱۣӻ˼λħųϣҲǱŵĶá
ȻӵֶΣôȻһˣӦҲǶôѵ顣
Ҷз·һŻ治ϵȼţһֻֽסҶƵ࣬ʹ֮ļΪ٣ܸоƵܡ
ã²˳٣Ǿȥһ֮Уһ峤ܷԹͨҵӣ˳˵һ½뷨Ҷ΢΢
˵ͷҶƵľ߶кܴİôһͬİɣ
²˳٣ҶڵѪӿϢӴ²ϢҲ̫飬ֱӳŶȥȵķ
ʻٶȷɿ죬ҶƺоԼڲϵĴٵĿС
ڿмٶȵʻţԶӰȻǾ賤ϸ볤ϣ˲С
賤һ˲ͷ룬Ǹӻ㣬û뵽û뵽´Ҫ׷ɱ֪ˣαص
볤Ϻݺݵսȭͷûгֻҧҧ촽ͷתһߣûȥС˵־ľ賤ϡ
Ȼھ賤˵һͽܣܹͬΪϵһʧӣʮ˷ܵġϾͽû˿Ѱû
ߣܸоǸͽܾǰﴦǴµһͬǰĿҲӦף㲻ֹҵģ԰룿ֻٻħŵʥɽռλҲѾˣӦе塣ģҲ֣ʱ˭˼ҵŭ𣿡賤ɭЦ
ҡףȻֹ㡭볤һ˸еı۾ϵĻ޷ΥǳҪҶƣκ㡣
ͬʱҲΪҶƵʵеԾʵ˲ݻħŵʥɽҪ֪ħŵĺõطԼʮиޱأŵرҲǶţëħŵһɫ
ôһ֪СӸݻˣ֪֪֮ŭηй
¹ħŵ⣬鴫ȥħŻƾʲô㣿
ԣħűҪץ񣬶һϳͣ
ѸٵĽӽǰҶƣҶΪȫʻûзֻǶ֮׵Ҷƣɳλʵ̫ڴСˡ
ҶȫʻţͻȻǰռͻȻ飬ӴѹֱҶƵ壬һͬСɣҶƼæӰ˲չԱȥ
ಣ
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ǰռλ͵飬γɿշĴƬڶ˿˲ͷƤ顣
˭
ҶƷŭһתѾо͵Ϯߡ
ʦʦ𣿡
Ҷͫ͵طŴ󣬿ǰ볤ϣ
볤ϴʹζǻǼᶨҶ߹
ͽǸΪʦȥɡ볤̾ϢһҶƵ
Ҷһ㶣ʶľҪ˵ЩʲôͻȻʱ賤ϴ볤߳һСӣȰ㻹صĺãȻĻֿڵ㣬ã
賤ǳҶһŻ˾ֹԼɶǸʱŭޱ޼ʵ˫˲Ѫ죬ŭĴһϹ
¡
֮о𣬵ƬѣӲϵš
賤һҶƵӴƸɳȥף𾪲ѡ
ܣ
賤ϵŭţΪʲôһ֮׵ĵӱȻ𺳣
Ȼ֪ǣҶԭͼΪǿŭתΪ͵رŷ̺ЧԲô˵


353 ҹ
볤ϴһ˿οҶڳɳˡԭЦȴҲ𽥵ʧת任ΪεɫôһӢţҪʧħУʵӢŰ
Ȼ볤ǧֲᣬҲûκΰ취µǲΥ
賤ɭһЦǰ˻֣һϮԵޱȹ죺ֶǧն㲻һĳͷһħŵ
˵ţ賤͵ſƣһȵĴ֮˲ֳӴĹԣɲγɵģʵ״̬Ķǳת֮׵ͨ
䣡
ҶΧշ飬ҶƸһȥ֮յĶƬѵգ漴֮һĪӿǿȵҶƵ岻ϵĳѵ֮ѹȥ
ҶƷŭһͷڷ裬ŭħɱ˫۳ĲʺѪɫ˿󲻺ҲҪһ԰Ρ
໣
ҶƷŭĺţھֱ̫ӱĪƿʱѹѵ֮УʱΧĿռ֮вϵиҶƵ壬Ҷ㹻Ƥʮǿռ֮Ҳֻ֮һѪ۶ѣ˺
꣡
Ҷ͵һȥռ˲ݣΧЩռ֮ҲҶһ̤飬֮С
֮飬ҲŹ⻪
賤˫ַٵĽӡΧ֮һֱܹѹɷĩǿѹͻȻըӳҶƵ˲һֻһꡱͷѾǶˡ
ޱ޼ʵʹԭЩԺҶƵ־ܿѹѾѪӿˣǿȵѪȥҶųһ
ת̧ͷҶŭѪ˫֮ƺ̺һ˿ƺڻΪԼķŭʧˣҲᱻǣűˡ
ߣƾ㣬ҪɱңúأҶƵĵ
賤ϿҶƾȻһвû̫ܵ˺һĪԵķŭû뵽ôһСҲԼ
볤Ͽ賤Ҫʹɱ֣ʶҪȥ赲Ǿ賤ȴˡϡţ볤սȭͷֻ˻ȥͷҲȥҶơ
賤˫ֲϵĽӡӡٶԽԽ죬˫־ǲϵķһ㣬ˢˢģۻҡ
Ҷ֪þ賤ͷųԼûκλȥĻˣһ
һɫɫͻȻҶ˫ִγһҶƵ˫Ҳˡ
꣡
Χռȫ˱Ҷ˫͵һźͣһҵĺð˲ռ䡣

Ҷȵھ賤ϻûнӡϵʱȷˣݺݵĽӡѸٵĽͷ˳ȥ
ǵصĺ糱ˮһϮ賤ϣͻȻľ賤ϵɴ۾ʶҪȥ񵲣Ѿˡ
˫ѸٵĿʼ˫𽥵壬ֻգۼ䣬ͷ­Ҳһͬ
Ѿһı񡭡
ǣ
Աߵ볤͵صɴ۾ҶƵϵûдϵ
賤Ȼոˣԭʵڣ绹ڣʵ磬עҶֶǧҲ˵漴ŭĺһͻȻǧɹԣǱ˲Χ漴Ȼը졣
ĴһӺݻı꣬ôôˡ
еȴģ
Ҷ֪ƾҲֻһʱѣѾڴųȥ˲˫ֿʼ˽ӡиӡ͵γɣ
賤ƵˣҶ˫֮һռУǴи
ৣ
Ҷչкݺݵĳǰնȥ˲ȵͳգؾϵţţ졣
ռ伸͵һ⣬賤ϴһܵеĲɿܵ͵ȥ赲ǵ⡭
Ƭռ䱻и룬Ƭϵ֮жϵģһֻ첲
Ѫ֣Ŀģ
賤ϵһֱֻѾƽԲиֻǧ֮һĺ˲䣬ûκθо첲Ѿии
һϵ볤ЩĿࡣ
賤ϷŭĴţиܹиһ賤ϵֱͬռ䱻һͬи¡

ͷųϵҶҲоЩԲûκΰ취Ȼ賤ϱԼնȥһۣȫֶһۣ˵ʲôѵ顣


354 ҹ
賤ϴŭѸٳź󷽺ƳȥͬʱһһĪѾʧĶϱ۴ͻȻһԶγɣģһֱ۵ӡ
ಣ
ֱѾȫˣ賤һ£оãŭЦݱƽҶƣɲȥˡ
ҶһЦӣϵԾ賤϶ûãôԼĵƻһаħһаħһǾԲʹóģȻѱʶһħôʲô군ˡ
䡭
ҶѪ˲ںڣƺһ̲׵̶һ㣬ƺ궼ҪС
֫˲һɫƬҶһͷĺɫӰ͵ҶţţֱΧγһ磬Χռ䲻ϵıѣԴԴ

Ҷɫ͵һɫβϵҡţΧռѣһɹصӳȥ

֮ҶƯ֮ϣɫ֮дһ˿࣬õƯ֮У˫ȭѾצȴɴȴƱΪצһ㡣
˫ҲǱţ֮УΧɫ⻪˲ֱӡ
⡭
賤עҶƣ˵û뵽ǣȻֶܹΣƾЩֶΣǳת֮ףҲδκε㣬ϧҾ𣡡
볤תͷȥƺǲ̿һĻ
賤ϿԶڿвŵĺ𽥷һ󼵶֮ɫ˲ɳȥôһ죬ԼԶĶ֣⻹Բյ㣡
ҡȥҲҪݺݵϡҧһ⣡ҶЩɬ֮ûô˳ˣȡ֮
ಣ
ߵĺɫԶ·ܵҶƵָһ㣬͵ͬһһݺݵĳԶľ賤ȥɫ粻ϵתţڿмһĲΧĿռ䲻ѣ䱾ҲЯӴ嫵ơ
ҶƵҲٿȻ֮䶯ˣצס͵һȭȥӴĺɫ⻪ҶӳĽɫ⻪һ𣬱Ϊ˺ɫɫӵɫȴǱŵϸеһʹۡ
䣡
ǰĿռˣΧĿռˣ֮ҲΪƶһ޴ѷ죬Զ
賤һ˫ĳӴƾҶƵ壬ûκηҶ۵һڽɫѪݺݵĻǧףڿһ繵
ȻҶƱ賤ϻɳȥӰǺݺݵĳȥ賤ϵΧռ䲻ѣ賤ƺȫȻ壬˫ΧϼǣӴ𵴵ǵӰϵ˸ɫϢĴ
ҹ
賤Ϸŭ˫һţȻĽǵӰſΪǵ֮С
ȻҶƱ賤ϺɳȥҶƵ֮ǿɲǾ賤ܹģٴһſռ䣬͵س߳һͷڷ裬ӴΧľȫҪļƣ
賤͵쿪ƣ֮кݺݵĳҶѹȥͬʱҶͷռ͵ѣһ޴ĺɫͻȻ֮ݺݵĽҶƵѹ˵֮УȻϵıѹ飬һ¾Ȼֱѹ֮ף
ʯɽǴƵĿռ䶼˴ѣƲ赲
ҶƸоԼڵⶼصƣѪҲûôǿĻָˣԼžҵ𵴣ѪܶѾѣٴ̲סһѪ
࣬ҶƵƶᱻ飡ʵ̫ǿˣ
ֱоΧѹʧҶƲŵԻһ¶Ѫӣں䣬ǿķҲûеֵס賤ϵĹ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
Ҷӳһ˿ЦԼô죿ô죿
ԼĶ֣Լĵƣϵȫûκ;ô죿
һҲκ;ʵ̫ˣ
ҶƿɬҪǵվʱͻȻһ𣬱һǿ͵סӵ͵ȥٿȻ͵˵֮ϣ
賤ſ˫֣ϴһĨɭЦ⣬͵ؽҶεĳѹȥҶƴһµͻȻȫѣ˫ȸ͵رӴѹ˵֮С
ҹ£
ͽȻһ𣬾賤ϵ𵴵Ҷ˫һ̲סһһã֮ɫ͵һѪ


355 Ĵ
û£賤˸ŷŭĹʣӴѹѹҶƵ壬ҪҶƵ˫ϥѹùء
Ҷƴķϵ˾µʵԿӴѹĺ֮𽥵ֳһ˿ŭɫ׻˵عĸʦˣôûȥˣжϥлƽ׸¹Ī裡
Ǿ賤ƺǲŹҶƣ͵ٴһѹƣӴռ䣬ҶƵĽٴһʯɽ졣
볤ϷŭĶž賤Ϻ裬㲻Ҫ̫֣
賤͵תͷ볤ߵòҪΥϵ˼ɣ
볤Ϸŭ߬ȭͷһǿȥԼķŭתͷȥٿһĻ
֪ҶӼҪ£ǻֱɱ
Ҷ˫ϥͻȻһͷѵǾǣҲӴѹ֮Եҡҡ׹
ԣ
Ҷɫһף˫ϥٴ˼ͷʹĸо˲ȫʹҶƻ

ҶƷŭҪѾ賤ϵĿƣΪ賤ϵʵ̫Ӵ󣬸Ѳܡ
ҶƱ۸ŵƤͻȻӳһѪۣɫѪƤҲѿһֲɼǵĿӣⶼΪӴѹ¡
ŶҽҪϥжӲ£
賤ϴһΧռ飬𵴵ΧһŤ
Ҷ˫ȼסֱ˫ϥҲǼӴѹͷ£ͷٴΪܲסѿʹ糱ˮһӿҶȫ¡
ҹ£Ҷǿһ˿мЦݣˣҲܶ¹򣡡
־һƬ㱣ҶͷһȣƺǽһĽ׶Ρ
ʲôҪ֪ӵ֮ѪĴˣжϴлƽǧҪ¹򡭡Ժ۶Է˭ˡ桢ҲӦҶ˵Ļ
ǡϥǣǡӲģ
䣡
һӴֱţҶ˫˲תںڣҫԼĶߡ
ǻϥǣӲģ
Ҳûʸ¹ʲô
Ҷưȥϥǲϵֱǧֵѹһ˿һҡҡλβվ̧ͷҶƼԼĲΪֲڷǡ
̧ͷͷĺɫ˿紵¶ҶǼ
ʲô𣡡
ҶƼѵĵ仰ƺȫһ֧ţ͵ֱӴͻȻʧ٣Ҷһֱľһ㣬ɢŲõĽ⣬Ӵɽһ㣬ŵıֻ
˭ûз֣ҶƵǰǿ۾
ǿ֮ɢ޾ĽɫâҶƵڣ˫۶˲õĽɫ˿˶оڲ
ʲô
賤͵ر˺ü˫֮˸Ų˼ɫ
ôܣ
賤ҶϲϼǿƣͻȻоôǿɽһԼǰ
ͽȻ𾪵ɫת˾֣Ҷƴʵ̫ˡ
Ҷʧȥʶһ㣬֮ԭɫƬҲΪȾýãɢ޾ƣûһ˿һı飬ƺôɽһ䵭һһٵҫǰ˵Ĳ˭ҲûʸǻĴˣ¹򣡡
¡
ӴţҶƱ˳ͷβΧŵһͷξţһȭȥ
꣡
ռˣޣùµįƺֻ֮һˣ
볤𺳵˵ˣĿԼĵӣһԲ
Хۣһ
ǽɫƬ֮£ҶϢӵŨɫϵŭţҲ˲ͷųΧʮ׶˽õΡ
һͷ޴ĽɫҶȭͷ֮ϲϵţҶ˫ĿһݺݵĽۺȥͬʱдȣȥɣһ
Ǽ䣬첻죬ҲǵأԶ˽ӲӵһƬ⻪ۻңӴؾ̵ĲҴţռײꡱ
ɫҶƵȭͷţԭƣֱӸԶľ賤ϡƱ죬˶޿ɶ㣬޿ɱܣ
賤˫֮о𺳵ɫƣȻһʱҲ֪Ǻá
ֻ֮һƬöĿĽ޾ӳȥĵطռȫ


356 ֮
һʮ־޴Ǿ賤ӵޱǿ׵ʵһҲȫĶ
ע˾賤ϻˣһ󱲵Уܴ裡
׳Ľɫݺݵҫ˾賤ϵϣ漴Ϊ޴ĳ˲佫賤ϵɣһꡱ
ҶȭͷϵĽ⿪ʼ룬ȫΪһŹâ賤ϵΧҶǺɫ֮Ҳֳһ˿ƣӣϵĴڴŴ
ȿȿȡҶؿڵǿȻ뵽ҶƵХ֮УһҶͻȻоԼХ۸ӵһųڶܹΧӴơ
֪˵ʲôơҶͻȻ˱仯ȫ½ɫʧβҲ𽥵ʧҶٴαԭӡ
ѾˡҶ쳤̾һʧȥκжվЩȣ˼²ˤڵء
̡
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ҳϣʵԳͬôɳȥһᳬԽϡ賤Ͽ˼ǿѹסĵļ֮顣
ǣҲֻڴˣҲɳȥģ賤ɫĿʼӡ˫ڿѸٵķš
Ҳɱ㣬һãã賤¶һȵӣ˫͵ڿֹͣ漴һõĹ⻪ҶƳװΧ
ʲôˣ볤Ȼǿ˾賤ϽҪ飬ɴ˫ۺһȻ
û裡賤Ϸŭȵ룬ͽܴӷ֮ɱô
ĬȻôأӷ֮ڳĵӲȼÿһΪ˾֮еľǽڷ֮ڣǼֱǵͲĻ
ҲĴóΪ֮صһԤԣĳӷ֮سȥˣΪ䣡
˱ǧ򣬵ǳĲˣʣܶȴ
ȥ֮ҪģħųϼĶһԼġЩϲȥƴǻúܰݣƴðգѾо㣬ǲʹ賤Ͼ֮һ
ţҶʵȥ˷֮ڣ϶ҲûκôݺݵıһԼҶƣ
ҶֻоƮƮûκεĸоһ㣬ô֮С
ô£
Ҷź

飬š
ҶΨһĸоǱͻȻһ㣬͵۾ԼһǽڣмֻڲϵקԼָĿռָ
ҶƵķӳǼģ˲䱩𣬺ݺݵһȭǰǵӰƷɣͬʱһǰɡȻ˵ĹͷѾˡ

Ҷƽǽǣ˫ĴΧһڰСԼһ۵Ľ档ϵĿռָãûб°ߡ
ҶҪڿն𣬵עûгɹΪоָ֧ԼɢǿѾʧӰ١ͷ𡭡
⡭⡭
ҶĿԭأƺǲĵ͵ػӻȥһȭõĽɫɣֻǰռ֮ȴһ˿˻ôɢ˿С
ˢ
Ҷ͵ڿԾһźݺݵ̤棬ֻһѵϵʯ鱻Ĳ̤ѵĺۼܡ
Ҷɲ㣡
ôܣԼ֮ǰܴռˣ
ռ䣿
ҶĬռ䷨ҪƿΧĿռ䣬ǽӡΧĿռ䶼ĲҶƵκεǲ
Ҳ˵ҶĿռ䷨ȫûκ;ʵѹƵֻܹͣƾȥ˶Կϵûа취ӳԻصаħһһˣ
ô£
Ҷһ㯣ȥ£µľʧȥȻ˶
ӭ֮أߺŷߡһеԵĺκθҶĵ𣺡һʱʱ䣬ʱʣҶᾡľĸ͡
˭ΪʲôҶƷŭȭͷĴҵʵôûˣΪʲô
ǸеԵŲæ𾴵ľߺŷߣרΪǽļ塭Ƿ֮أߵ԰ΪʲôΪǰ֮صĴط


357 
ҶԺ֮вϵ˼ţͻȻ֮ǰ賤϶ԼʹùһطԼԼʦĻһˣô
ѵ賤ϵһôװ׵ĸԼҶͻȻоЩ˼顣˵֮һµĻô賤ϻôĵĳȫԼȻܡ
ʵ֮صķߣʵǻᱻѹƾųɾŵģҲ˵ֻƾս͹ûа취ƿأ仰˵ⷴΪһֹƽζΪڷ֮ڵķߣʵӵ͵߶еġǸеԵ
˭ȻܹѹƳǿߵҶ𾪲ѡ
Ƿ֮صĵһף磡
ʲô仰˵ʲôãĴڸʲôҶƽʵ
еԵûаͣ٣ΪһƬ԰ûκεĹΪ֮صķߣκ£
һŵǿҲᱻѹƾųɾŵʵֻƾսɣڷ֮أֻҪ㹻κ¡ұҪΪûйҲʱпΣաĳ˵԰
ҶһüʵӦ뿪
ǸеԵ뿪ֻһַǾǴҵܴȥĲ˶ѡǴȥģΪĥõǿʵҲкܶǰ
ȥֻмˣ
Ҷ͵ԭأô˵ĻǺѺѳȥˣ
ԼܻΪǼ֮еһô
֪˭֪
뿪ɭĽ䣬ҶƿҲµʬ壬أ˳ȥüͷΧǷ֮أ֮еĲô󡣡
ֻǶѣֻнڳǣǽķ֮أŵھǰǸƹڡȻȥÿԼʵˡ
ҶһˣҶˡ
ǸеԵʱѾף;죡˵ţǸ𽥵ʧҶƵĵס
ҶƸоӭ磬ĻһӣųǸƹȥ
ƹ֮УѾкܶڴ˵ȺˣֻЩ˸˵ĸоǹ죬ǵ۹ֻ֮ܿɱ⣡
Ҷǰȥߴ˵Ҫ֮ڳǡ
¶һ˿мҪûǸʵ
ΧȺҶƵĻһҰĴЦС˵Ҫڳǣ
ҲԼûǸʸ񣡡
ؼҳȥɣ
Χƹݵ˶ڹЦţҶûüһɱ⣬ҪȥƣѾϵĿʼˡ
ʵһ֤㿴ģҶָǸߵıӣһһٵ
ţҶƵ嶯ˣС͵طڿеתһɱըԵӳһİһȭҹȥ
Ҫҵƾ㣿ǰ¶һ˿м͵һӣǽʯ˲鿪
ǰ͵һҶƵĶӣһڰ֮еҶƸ޴ɱܣֻӲİ¡
ҶǸʾҲ㣬͵һȭݺǰӵϣֻһѪŵıըӵ˲䱻ҶһȭҵİȥɺɫѪĴɽ
ҶҲһжӣԶԶķ˳ȥݺݵˤǽϣҶֻ˦˦ַ֣·ûµһվ
˵ʵѹסˣֻƾսɡ
ҶѸٵţӵѪԼʲôأԼ˵ռ˾ԵƣǳתתǿߣҲһԼĶ֣
뵽Ҷеٴ
ҲĶ֣ֺξ壿
˶סˣǰʵɱһȭԭӵľƹѻȸ
ҶһһţߵһոճЦԼĴǰһһٵ£ˣ
Ǵ͵־һѴ󿳵ȻҲǷҶƵͷ
㣡
󺺷ŭ־ֵĺе
Ҷһ²ı任һסǴ󺺵󣬶ˮһ㣬ֱ˿ۻҡ
ԣ
ҶƵ͵طӴֱӽ󺺵ֱжѪɽѪ˱ǶǰѷֵҲҶƳУѸٵһֳŴ󺺵Դȥ
ಣ
󺺵ͷ­ֱӳ𣬴ѪɽӴ屻Ҷƽһ߷ɡ


358 һ
СӺò񣡡һ󺺵۾עҶƣŭĺͬʱһֵҸһСӶˣҲ˲񣡡
˵ţǸ󺺸еս͵سҶƺ
Ҷһ͵һ˲󺺵壬ֺݺݵһȭŵĵ棬Ǵ󺺼ǻһɺɫѪ˳ŵϵĵڵϡ
أ
󺺵͵ؾһ£¶˼Ŀ⣬Ǿ˵ˣû뵽Ҷһƻûڲ
ӺҲ˼ˣƹΪ˶ҶƶˡʽķԭǿޱȵķֻǼӲһķѡǱ˵ı
Ҷ͵صͷӣݺݵײڴ󺺵ؿڣɽ
ۣ
󺺵ɴ۾һѪڵһ㱻ҶײʮףݺݵˤǽϣʹĲš
ʱҶƻӻҶƲŲæеսţһ󶣶𣬺Щ˶ҶӴľ𵴳ȥ˺Զ

Ҷƽսĺ磬ԭǿӺõ˳˲ҽ
ಣ
һƾŵĻ͵سҶƵ߹Ǵ̹һĽǶȰյĺǵλ˳Ĵ͸ҶƵ߹ǣн軹ܸҶƵɾ޴ˡ
ҶƵẦһǽ͵شҶƵƤȴҲûǰһ֣ҶƵļ⿨סˡ
ҶѸٻͷǰһСĺӰವһҶƵĹΧ
ҶƷŭĽһ°͵˫ַ˲ϡݺݵڵ֮ϣꡱġ
ʲô
Ҷ͵һǣ
Ȼ˶ҶЩȵܿͷֱ˶Һ
׶ڵճҺҶЦһڵѪѸٵЩҺڵҲ𽥵ʧ
ղŵҶɫһ԰ףո͵ϮǸӰ˷ޱȣеС˶ҲҪ£
˵Ӱ͵شҶһĳҶƵϮȥֶ֮˷ָ
Ҷ΢΢۾ҲƾŸоǺݺݵһ߹ȥʱһ죬ǺӰȻҶһߵķ˳ȥͷѡ
ҶƷŭĺͨʹãĿռҲȹ࣬ǿͨһ㡣
ƾġʤ֮صİٷ֮ʮķˣѪ裬ݵĴ񣬿Ǳûеģ
ѾȻѹƣôǿʲôǽӴģĴݻ٣ͬ˵ֱۣһʱѪɽ
飡
ҶƵӰһھƹ֮ڴȥһȭȭĺȥЩͬһŰֽ˺ѡ
ǵʵ
ҶƲмĵԭھƹڵЩߴ˿Ѿһʣһڵţ˵ˣȻѾʧȥս
Ȼʧȥ˽ЩնɱͷҶһԺ˵ע㣡˵ţϵĻҳǸѾסߵӵ˿Խ֮صڳǵʸô
߼æȻˣ𾴵ľߺš
˵ţ߼æÿ壬һںڵ
Ҷɻ
߼æͷ
ҶƵ˵ͷ׼߽ȥͻȻоһϮʶľӯڵһ΢΢ת¼͵һȭӭȥ
أ
һ޴ݺݵҶƵļͷӴϳҶƵͷһͣĵһȭҲݺݵĺؿڣ˱һȭɳȥؿڵعǶѾֲܿȥۿǻˡ
ҶҲĳ˺üɫ죬ͳĴŴȻǿ󣬵Ǳǧľ޴УЩʹġ
ǸɫЩɷףҶƱ޴ȴһû̫ӣɵһڿˮ𾴵ľߺţҾ
ţҶƲͷת
Ǹɣ̽ʵ
ΡҶһ
ͶˣǧҪעⲻܸһ˿ĻᣬȻĺܾܿԼΪﴦΣգ˶ǵˣ㲻κˡʮ
Ҷ΢΢˸˼£ƺеĺ塣ĥһᣬųס
лˣѾˣҶϲϰŵϼǱĵ˵ͷһƳһδˣڵϲϵš


359 ڳ֮
ǿҲҶƵָһ޹ɵĵиĳ͵صȥݺݵĽ˴͸ڵ֮ϣһѪɽ
ҲǲҽһʧȥʶĲˡ
˵öԣǧܸһ˿·ҶЦҡҡͷ漴ҲѾŵĴס˵ߣ֮С
΢紵գһ˿ɭĸоҶȴҲ£ͦش󲽳ǰȥ
ͨԽԽȻ۽磬ǰĺȻһ޴ĳǳأޱȣֻݻЩС
ҶУŵĺڼסһ˳ʵϽɹ·ѣȻͨ
Ҷ΢ЦſǺڼһһٵ˵أ
ǺڼһҲû𾪵ƺҶķӳʵʵ˳Լ˸о֡
Ǿ͵ôң
Ǹڼ͵һǰͽȻһ£ҳ죬漴ڼ˫ִ󽣺ݺݵĳҶӴ类ڼһܹڼղЩҪǿ
Ҷ˿壬ӲӲһȭӭȥ˸źսĹâȻеķͨʹˣȭȭѪŵĸоϲҲڴģ
ȭͷϵݺݵĸ˫ִ󽣵Ľײһһɽ˫ִ󽣵ĽоȻĥƽĲ֣𾪲ѡ
Ҷ͵ڿһתһݺݵһǺڼؿڡ
أ
ڼ屻ҶƺݺݵоĹâ֣˻ɤӵǿ
Ҷ΢΢һЦˣ˵ŽŲڵ͵ػȥವһȭǺڼ塣
ڼ󾪣Ų͵سźȥ飡
ҶһһĽ׷ȥһ˿һҲɣ
޿ˣǳǽڼ˫ִ͵ڿһݺݵĺῳҶƵ
ܵҵľ磬ҶҲˣֻӲͷƤȥ
ڼϲû뵽ҶƾȻԼӲ˫ִ󽣵ĳѵ˫ִȫȥǽʯҲܹ͸ô
ƺѾǿʤ⣬ڼҲ˷ܵɫ
ͻȻˣ˫ִ󽣵ȷҶƵϣ֫ȴӴķһ㣬Ȼ˫ִ󽣷ĽлˣֻһɼǵѪۡ

Ҷʹһ鴤ȭͷݺݵǺڼ°ϣֻһǰɡڼԴʱҶƴѾˣԿŵȥ
Ҷס˿ڣɫһ࣬û뵽˫ִ󽣱ЩҪĶࡣ
ʼԱߵһλûвֻ֣ĿҶơֱǸڼҶһȭŵĵݹһɫƣߺţƣҲ֤ݵĶҪܺԽȥˣ
˵ţÿ˳š
ҶƿҲϵĺڼʬ壬һ˽ȥ
Աֺһ㣬ôĿ϶Լڷ֮أֻгɹ֮˵ǳɹ˸κأ
һҶƵƺҲķΧȫȼˡ
û뵽ʹȻ𾪡
Ҷ΢΢ü飿һΪֱչȥأ
̾ϢһȻʹѾôһж̸ˡ
ΪʲôҶʮֲʵ
ΪӵóȥģЩᣬҲû뵽ӣҶƾȻСҪ֪ӷ֮ڳ˲ȼ⼸ʡ
ҶƹһЦںʲôվܳȥģȻ˳ȥǾ˵Ǹҵȫ·һȻˣһʲôأ
鵹ǱҶʵ̬ȸסˣ֪ҶƵǴģҲûбð취ˡ
ʧȥ֮Դ޷ﵽˣʹˡЩǸ
ûʲô飬ҪХ۾͸ҵõҶƵ˵ͷʮһȡմﵽ֮ף壡
˵ͷһů
˵šĮ硣ôڳǾݻ硣ֲɫĹâ洦ɼڳǵҪǶĶ࣬ǵİȻͬ
ڳǵȻǵ˶ö࣬ĺķݣһſЦ³ĴлһЩŮӽ۵ҵĽһԲ
˷ܵĴЦʹĺԼСһëȻ㼯ЩͷƤ顣
ޱݳޣƺй


360 ѪȲ
ֵƺЩ۵ĵطżץסһŮӵĳŮʯ̨棬һһйŸԵ
һ䣬ȺŹһˣѪɽ֫ĴƮԱ߾˲Ųʣ·ڿӰһ㣬û˿ʸС

ȻҪˣЩȻϧĺݺݵĽз£֫䣬ѪأҪŻ

ǸŮڲϵĲҽţƺҪѼλ󺺵Ĵִľ֣ȻͽͣǸӷкüλѾ̲סͬʱץסŮӵ壬ڲͬĵط͵ķйšŮӵĲҽҲ𽥵ıһϢ
Χ˲ûԮ֣֮һƽкá
ΧһĻĻҶƵһ˿һ֮һɱϵ磬ЦĶҲҪĶ
ҪȥĿƣҶеɱ¾֮ǲ㲻һ㣬ܿšǷߵãʵΪ
಻ϵĶе棬еһ¹磬Ҳһûκι磬ܾ棬Ȼܹܺõȥ
ɱɱɱ
Ҷлܵѹ֣ƺҪͨŭйſԺܺõͷųҲڲϵΪɱš

ҶһƽľĺȥǿĽеɱֹסҪĹ򣬻ҪһʱȥӦ
ţƺߵһսǣͻȻֳһӰںΧĺɫӰƺԵòôۡ
Ҷƻķˣܹо˵ĿԼһݣո˵ҶƴҹգϡٵĽȥ
ڣ˰಻ס֮еȣһǰһĶסҶƵȥ·
٣ߣѵ֮ǰû˸߹㲻Ҫ䵥ôǹԹԵİֵǮĶɣܹȫʬһ˴˴ڣЦ
һҲٺЦţҶƱ֮С
ҶŤͷмˣеѾգһһٵ
ʲôɫһ䣬û뵽ͷľȻӲ
ȻˣҿǻˣΪ͵һȭҶƺȣΧһ𵴣ʵȻſǺڼ֮ϣҲֲûôˡ
ǺڼҶƵʵԶ˵ʵҲֻǱȺڼǿһ˿ѡҶ΢΢һЦ֣͵سһȭȥ
أ
ȭͷݺݵײһҶһ𣬳˳˺üֱӱҶһȭұ۶ģȭͷȻȭǹؽڴѾˣ

һҽУæԱߵ˵ãӲˡ
һ˲ŵһҶƵԴ˸һ˿⡣
Ҷ͵һ࣬˵Ľţͬʱ˫ַݺݵĽȿ˼֮ϣͬʱ͵һϥݺݵײ˵䴦
꣡
һĹһҽУҲǳ׷ˡ
æųȥ˶һۣԶ˶ԷеĲţֵҲһˣû뵽һ˾Ȼǿʵ
ýˣ
˼ĬͬʱԶԾȥɫӰѸٵ˺ɫӰ֮УƺضһҶƵ񼫼⣬˵Ӱ
Ҷ΢΢һЦϢ׷ȥٶȱȻҪһ˿
ѸٽӽһˣϢ˸Լ׷ˡ
û뵽Ψһһγ֣ʧˣ˷۱űԹš
Ҷ΢΢һЦ͵ֺݺס˵Ĳӣûзκ죬ͺݺݵš˵Ĳӣ漴ٴ˸ǰǸ˳ȥ
ಣ
Ҷĳ֣Ŀ˵ĺ󱳣˷ӦٶȴޱȵĿ죬͵ػعŭĺҾ֪͵Ϯңҿ׼
ڿҶòʱ˳סˣ˵
Ҷĳ֣ݺݵĽ˵ĲҲšϡ
Ȼո˻Ϊ˵͵Ϯ˭֪ȴҶƣҲѾҶɱˡ
ߣ֮أûѰеģǹĶǣҶҡͷ̾Ϣ
ҪúӦһˣ
һ̻ѵˣһ̿ĿɳûʲôǿŵġתлŮӣΪһ̾ͺܴܿһѵݺݵĻĺ
ֻҪ㲻Ǿȫܹиһ˿һܣΪиľ


361 ¾
ߵ˳еģһ޴ռһ̨Χڷǳ࣬ÿһȵĺţҪԼϲ˼͡
еѪڵĺҶƺһ󼤶֮ɫĳ߽ȥҲҪһ¾ĸоǹıԵʹĸо
ҲûҶƣ˽ȥ
ߵһҶƳĿǸĺ췢ŮӣҪμıʲô
ŮӲĿҶƣרҵĺܿ췴Ӧ
𾴵ľߺţμ¾ǲҪʲô۵ģֻҪǴʮˣͿԲ¾ڣʮ˻սһջǸ˲ʤߣǺ췢Ůӹ
ҶƵ˵ͷԺ췢Ů˵ãҾͱˡ
췢Ůӷɿļ¼ʲô̧ͷҶƵ𾴵ľߣǵʮˣǰλһ˵ţ췢ŮָָǰŶӵȺľŸˣŸжͷĺ⣬ƺĵĶħһ㡣
ʮ˱֮ǾͿϳˡһǰι۵ĿǷ֮ǿ֮һķţֻҪֵĺãȫԱѡУӶУ췢Ůӵƺջԡ
ǾŸҲ˷ܵľȭͷݺݵĻš
һܿһεıҲѸٵĿʼ
ҶƸλ볡֮УΧǧƵĹڣоĳȣƲסڲϵӡ
һҶοԼҪҪһѪʢ簡
ʼһĶǵе˶ҵԼǸ֣ѸٵչҵĹƣ
ҶԵһͷ׳ոֵڡ͵سͷҶȥͬʱдȵȥɣ
ƺѾҶƴͷβݺΪεˣԡڵ˵Ѫ֮Уϲģ
ҶȴĽӽ˴󺺵壬ȻʵѹƣҶȴܹ׵ҵԷ㣡ɵĹ۲ϢϢء
Ҳǳת֮׵ʵ棬ҶƸĶ֣Ƿ֮أ
˫͵ز˴󺺵ݺݵ棬ͬʱͷ׳ֻԼеľݴ󿳵·ҪܿƵĳһԻñҶ̧ץס
Ҷ΢΢һЦ͵ǰһͷ³ֱӳŶؿڴײȥ
һ¿̺ҶӴĳֻҪͷ׳ײô϶ֱ³Ҫ֪ҶƵҪԽöö̤࣡ĲҶƵٶȿν磬ַӦټץסԷֳƬ̵ˮĶʱռϷ硣ǹͷ׳ķӦȻǳ죬һʱɿпһֻսȭͷֱӳҶͬʱ²ȶס棬Ҷƹȵ̡תҶӲжԼǰ֮ƣһģ͵ؽ󺺵ȭͷķɣûйԼ塣ͷ׳ȻûбҶƵײϣһ˲ҶƱȴһϳ֮ɫһ˺󼸲粻ĿҶơ
һѹͨǰ֮£ǿ򶷵ļɾͳҪıֶΣҶǡ㶼ʤԼ
ǹͷ׳żǻĸҶһ룬˫ͬҰһϸĴҶƣֻҪ¶һ˿ôֱǿһĹ
֮еļթĲ򣬿ǿԿר㣬ö¶֮һͨͨԷҲˡ
ҶȻǳôͷ׳˭żټ̨֮ϣȥˣȻڷĴţ˿ܸ֮оһѪţѡ
𣡡
̲סĽ̤ҵĲӳҶƳȭͷݺݵĸҶײһһ촫
أ
󺺵һֱ۾ôĴȥƺǱҶһȭҵĹǶϽۣҲûκ̧̧
ҶƳʤ׷˫ȭһ˴󺺵ϣһȭȭΧĹڽĿⶼԼϣһĺϴӹϯ洫
ܿ죬һϢĵڵϲ֪ˣҶҲͣ˶ζĿŵϵĴ󺺡ǣҶȻûзŹԷ˼ΪǽɫԵôԷ϶ҲŹԼΪһֻ֮һ˻ˣ
ԵʴȣǶԼ̣
Ҷһǰţ૵˵
ļϵĴﵽסݴ󿳵תָ⼸ĻζǴ󿳵Ȼͳ˰ϲһݺݵϵĴ󺺣
ַǶڵİͶַԵ档


362 ַ
ҶƸɾɱ˹ͷ׳ĶһƬڣȸԾ糱ˮһӿѪڣ
ϯ棬һڣһ۾ϸĴ¾ڣ񲻶Ʈš
ȻɾɱħСʲô·ָϵ
Աһ˼æųˣȥһ£˵ţ˼æ߳ȥҵĺ췢ŮɣҶƵҪ˹
ߺŷߣǽŽķ֮أͬʱҲǵһβμ¾ľֻҪȴٴɻ֮С
ֻһ½֮صķߣôӵǿʵ˽֮Ǿ̾ͨʧҪܳһʱȥӦȴĵһͲμ¾һ赭дɱ֮ǰڵħ
оЩ˼飬˼æܻ˰ᣬЩȫˡ
üͷ΢΢˵Ŀɶģ
ȻˣųȻʲôƭ
˳˼֮Уһߣ϶Ǹ˲Ű֮ǰǷΪħУ˭֪·ɱҧħȻһ½֮صСӸɾɱˡ
ųô죿˵Сʵ
ȻҪյˣҲֻܹԼѧղҶƣҺúõעһ£¾ʱ취ɽǷţϴһĿһеϢ
ǣų

¾ڣҶһĿ꣬治һֻһ˴ȻҪʹ
ǰھһ򶷣ҶӰͬһ˸м䣬˫ȭѸٵĳȥ
أ
أ
ֻоǰһӰ漴һƬڰֻһѾȫȥѪɽ˿ҪŻµ
¾û˻ôĳлĶΧĹڵľԼС
ԶԶȥȻûжҶƷٵĳȥ͵ԾݺݵһŲ̤ȥ
أ
һ˵ͷ­һѿѪɫɫϵĽҺ͵Ĵɽ
ҶƿҲµʬ壬Ѹٵվһڵ˳ȥ̺ȵݺݵĳŵ˵߹ȥϾҶƣһ֮ȻԼԼΧĿһ
ˣ
һƵ˵ñҶһУһ˵ıȻֱһĻȣһֻϺһ㣬ͷųţޱȡ
ֻƬ̵ʱ䣬͵ĸɾɱˣ¾ҲĹڲϵֽкá
ʣȻоΣ͵һĶֵĳ͵شӶȥȻӺ󱳼׵Ա߹ᴩѪ˲Ⱦ˵档
˲ȥˣֻʣˣҶңңѾվһĸˣһ˿Ū֮ɫ
Ҫһôǲɣ
˵ţҶƵӰڵȳõĽŲۻң޷жٸһĶ
һ˷ŭľһҶƵľ˫ѾѪ죬ƺǳҪѪһ㡣
ҶƶҲ㣬͵һȭǺ˵ĳȥ
һ֮Ǻ˵ĸֱֵӱҶӲĿĶϣڣҶۼֿ죬͵ڿлһȣ˫ָסһ鵶Ƭͬˮһ㣬ɿ죬˿ûаֻɬ
ǺƬ̣Ҷ˫ָһе͵ĻȵȥڿлһŵĻȣձΪһѪں˲ͷų
֮еͫ͵һ૵ǿ壬ַ
ˢˢ
Ҷٶȷɿ죬ѵĵƬȻûȥҶ˫չ͵ڿнסƬУٶȹ죬֮лһѪۡ
СƶҶ˵ֻС˼ѣһĻתֻƬƬ˲ͬĻȷ˳ȥһƿ֮
ռ΢΢һˮһ𵴲ʣĸ˼ͬʱоͫС漴ǰ˸оԼһɴ˳ȥһĳҶƶ鵶Ƭײȥ
ۣ
˶ͷüĴҶƵĵƬɾ䣬ոûаԥͶַ;ԭַֻǲСɡȻ˹񼼣
˸ոΪ˶ҶƵİͬʱԥĽǰ˳ȥӦٶȿνһбסԼҪģ
ҶЦһһȥΪܹסǵô


363 ų
Ȼܣ
ҶƵĻ˵΢΢ĲȫΪȵĿ־Ȼڷ֮صԸʶߣҲԸȻѾֵԼʱ򣬻ǷǳĿ־ġ
ɱɱɱ
ã
ΧĹϯϴУ˵񾭣Ҷ΢˶񣬿ǰȻڹӲдˣ΢΢߬ȭͷĳǰһһȵڣһϵѹͷųȻˣǿ¶˿Ϣġ
ǰ΢΢Ĳţ漴һ˿ôȥִп϶˵ǰȥƴһѻлĻᣡ
뵽һӵڿ͵شٶȷɿ죬еһذ׼˴ȻǴ˶˸ɫڿ͵سҶһĻȴƿವһ
Ҷƽ²΢΢ζ͵سŲףɿ죬˷Ӧ˵ذһ´̿ˣ
һϰһĴ̿˵һУȻҪԶǧġеĵսľȴʹһ㡣
ҶƵ͵һݺݵǰӵ͵һŤֻǰɡһǰһƺߣذ͵ص䡣Ҷǡô͵ýżһڣذ׸߸ߵĵ漴ȭݺݵĳǰؿȥ
ҶƵǲκηģϴ˿ֻ̻һȭǰؿڵĹ
ۣ
ӿѪԶԶķɳȥҶۼֿĽذ׳У΢΢һЦӭһˣ漴Ϊ͵תڿһԾֵذѸٵĽ֮ϡ
оӭľ磬Ҷ͵صͷһ͵شͷһҲˣ
ֳذҶֱͦ壬ݺݵĽذͽǰ˵ؿڣͬʱ͵ضһۣ˫֮оǿ־֮ɫ·ǿʲôֲ龰
ؿڵذףҲ޷ıɵĽ
¾֮УûûһѾȥˣȥǶôҫۣΪڵעܿͱɱ˵
ʮˣ˿ֻҶһˡ
վʬȺ֮УҶǿȥǹɷĳ嶯ԵĶܻ˻֣Ҫ߳¾ڣϾ֪ʲôôֻйһ֮еĿŭˡ
ۿҶҪ߳أ֮е˼æԱʹһɫ
̻⣬æ˳ȥҶƵٶȲ죬ܿı׷ȥ
ߺšںĽе
Ҷƴ˿Ѿֵ߳¾΢΢ȻתͷˡƾҶƵĹ۲죬ܹжϳ˵ʵ磬ôҲǳתλ֮׵ǿߣȻﱻѹʵҲԲԼԶԿġ
λѣʲô£ҶȻòĻش˫֮оɫȴһ˿ûзɹ
˺ǺһЦʣʵ̫ңԶˣԼǲˡҴѾǧˣȻʵľҪ౶ȻҽǿһӶ޷뿪ˡұ˼ǧ꣬ҽʣӴͺˡ
ҶƵ˵ͷȻ洦Σգǿ˲ˣȻҶƵľûзɶ٣ûиտʼôǿˡ
Ӵ磬ʲô飿Ҷɻѵ
ʺٺһЦߣҶƶ԰ɣҲͽҶֵܺˡҽһ£Ƿŵĳϡ
ţҶɻķʵ
ŶӣҶֵǸģҲ˵ˣҶֵ㻹ǸȥųɣȽ˰ųȥħսģû뵽ôɾľɱħԡ΢΢ЦЦ
šҶ΢΢ĥʣ֮ǰʱƺ˺췢Ůᵽ˵Ƿ֮ǿ֮һ
ãҶƵ˵ͷӴ·
ʵ˵ͷ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һ·ϴҶƳǸȥһ·ӭĽʺ޵۹⣬ô˶ţҶЩ
֮УҶĴɨɨûжôԵúء۹ǰǸϵʱҶ΢оЩѡ
ˣӦþνķŵųˣҲǳת֮׵ǿߣһС
۾͸¶ѹȻ˲ܳܵģҶҲܵõϢоѡ
ǿ
Ҷƶۡ
΢΢۾͸һ˿â͵ҶƵ˫֮СҶƶʱо˫һʹǹӴ͵سԼ֮УĴƻš


364 
ҿҶƵ㹻ǿ̫ǵ츳ǿһһ׶ΣԲû̫ܵĳѸٵȶĽڵǹ֮ڵ
Ҷʮ־עνķųһĳȡ˹ǿûб߼ʣֻһܹԼѪӿ
ܲ˿̾˫֮ŵȫǶҶƵ֮ɫ
ܳҵϣôǿҲǡʵȴֻгת֮׵ʵҸոնе̽ȷʵˣһΪһֱʵأ
Ҷ΢΢һЦͷлų佱
ˣ˲˵ҲͿżɽĸ˵˰ɣǷţļ룬֪ʲô˵°ͣĴҶƣҶƶЩӦ
ҲŹǷ֮ǿƵ֮һų²ʤңҶƲɫĸһƨǣȴһЩʣ˷֮ôأ仰˵˵ʲôأ
ҶƾȻô˵ԭЩϲɫ˲ˣ䵣ǵĿųˣҶƵĻᴥų˵񾭡
ãų˲ûľٶҲûвȻŭֻ΢΢˵˵ͷôԴηŵų֮ÿһ˲ţһϲѣǵһ侲һʵˡ
Ҷû˵ֻǾôȥ
ҷΪ֮ض֮һҲûκεĺôģȻҲôǿ߼롣Ҫ׵һǣǿǳתڰתǱѹƾųɾŵʵΪ˵֮صĵһףһԽ˳֮ˣ
Ҷ𾪲ѣŵųȻ˽ıȽϸȻԷôĵĸԼȥôҶҲһϸ͡
йһԤԣӷ֮سȥǸˣΪ䡭˵Ԥԣ룬ʵӹɵİɣ׻ϵԤܹȫ֤Ϣʵԣ˵ͳɤ
ˣ޷֣һģȴԼ߲ȥ֮أȥҵֻһһĻÿɱ뱻ɱıԵϡ
ڶ֣ΪѰԤԵģϣԼԳΪԤ֮еǸǣҲò˵˲޴ģȻԤʵӹɣڷ֮һļʣĺֵܿͷô
֣ȥˣ̷ǱͨˣòѡӵΪûκιֻҪʵ㹻ôԣ
˵Ļﾭһζݵͣ٣ҶƳûѸĥÿ仰˼
ô߳ƣֳƣֳ꣬ø׳Ƴ˵Ļš
ҶĬȻò˵ų˵ĻʵתΣ˲µĽǰùԹԵĵ¸߰ͷ­
Ĺߣһӵгת춴֮׵ǿߣҲǷ֮һס춴֮ײûʲôǿĵطǣȫûбѹʵĻ춴֮װ˵Ļ˲佫ҶƵ˹ȵס
ûбѹʵĻ춴֮ףǿƿй򣿰ռ䷨ʱ䷨﷨򣡸ǿԴԴϵļȡɽ˶Ǳѹʵģ˭Ķ֣ʲôЦ
ͱս˷ͨʹãǿ
ԭǲƽսǳתҪ˵ˣѹƾųɾŵʵʱ˵һתתĶǶ֣
ȻûбѹʵҶƵЩһûбѹʵĳת춴֮ףֱǸ߸ϵף
ǰӵطȻƵġңӵи˽ʵ
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ͬһ㣬ҶƳ״ԭء˽ʵ
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΢΢һЦֻһռѵǱ̲ٵĿռȻôֱˣƬռ̵ţڰŰ
ҶƵɴ˫ۣ૵㣬ûбʵ⡭
ûΪ˷ҷŹϽҽ˽ƵӰ졣ô˵أŵĹ˵ҲһɣʡȥܶѪԲſϸҽơ˵ջ֡
ҷڵĹǸɾӢ󲿷ֶǽʵģӳҲǣ
ʺϵһ˦֣ѵĿռȻԼٶţҲȫƿ˿ռĹ


365 ɱ֮
ҶһĬ֮Ҳкܶ˻ָԭʵ˽ƵӰ졣ЩƵ˵ʵ̫ƽˡ
ҲգϱûʲôƽԵġ
ǷţҲҶ̽ʵ
ûų϶Ĵ𸴵룬ǷŶŸɵɱ¾ŵЩɾӢǣҲ˽ƵƣôΪľǹƽѣȻǷһҶҲ׸Ը⿴龰
Ҷһ˫ȭ߬ĽءԭͲǰԼԸǰġȻôҪͷأһҪȻӵоԵʵȥɱЩϹ
ֻҪǷţȵΪǷŵľӢʱһῼҵףΪƣʱͿڷ֮أĺܺãųĻƺҶĪ
Ҷ̧ͷŷųûһ죬ܹ뿪֮أ
ҶƵĻȻ񾭣ǲĳ鶯һ£֮гһ˿֮ɫɸɵģҲʶ˼¡
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ҶƵãҼǵķš
ųŴ޾廳֮зӦǿһЦǸ˼ոЩˡ
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ˣ˭ȥ˭һӴȻʵǿ˿һȨǴľˣǧ꣬ǵ
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ҶͬˣųҲ˵ͷӳϣͷҪǸǼһ¡漴תͷǷƽǲǵɵģҪﶼԣǹؼʱټǵʱһҪĸϵǷžڷ֮ԭ֮ؾûôѰҲر𷽱㡭
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ͬģɱˣȴԱɱȾͨɱһ˻ú£ɱ˻ɱĸɱԼľʱͻѪŰ˵ǻᱻɱȾģĵɱܳһ̶ȵʱ򣬻ᱻɱǣűߣ߻ħ
ֻһܹƽȥɱɱ֮ȴȻǲԼɱˣԼɣɱİãŲᱻɱɱ飬ʿҪ̬Ҳ˵ɱ֮ġĵĽ


366 
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ҶܹоԼԺҲڲΪɱ˶ӰˣȵҲ
˵ʵڻųĻҶƻĪܹƾʹ̤ǿ֮ˡЩѹƾųɾͨʿ˵ǳתתҲ壡
ҶȻôɣϾԼֻҵ峤ſԹͨˣҵȻɶķԼޱ
һޱ֮ڣҲԼǸô죿Լûоǧ꣬ҲûоԼڷ֮ڶȹжôգֻҪʵﵽˣҶƿ϶ȥһԵģ
ܸоõ֮ص˴ѾľˣȻҪȥһֱĵ׵ĿѾûж˼ݿˡ󲿷ֶ沨ܳȥȻǺõģǲܳȥҲͰˡ
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ҶȴԴûκθоΪɱ֮ĵܻΪСе־ɱҡȫԿϷ̬ΪһԹߵġ
ԣԹ塣
߳¾Ҷһ̧ͷ˲¶޷ε𾪡ôҲ벻֮ؾȻˡ
Ⱥ߳ģһŮͨ£ڱһϵšһ೤˸Ķ̽ȻɫЩ䣬֮Ƥɰ̬Ҳȥ˫鶯ӻҶ΢
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µǷţҲ׶ϾҶҪѰҵͷҶȻһ˿ʣ
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ƺŮǸմǽ˲ΪȺĽ㡣ҶĿһƳͻȻŮһӰ˸ڿûзκ˷ʤ
Ҷۼ⣬ǿӰġӰܺõĸΧΪһ壬һĨڹһ
ǺӰȻһ߶УݺݵĳŮӵıȥΪҪǣŮӾȻ֪飡
鼱֮£Ҷ͵קԱеذףҲ͵سŮӲӹȥֶξ㹻ϣ˿ûԥ
ŮһͻȻеǰһϮеһĨʱʶ峯Ա߲ȥתɶҶͶȥذס
ŮŭĿӵĳҶʱ򣬿һ󡰶ҶͶȥһĨȻǺӰĶ˲ϣҺݺݴӵĲ֮С
ȿȿȡ
ǺӰҪ˵ʲôǻʧˡཹཱུðѪܱ˲ϣַȷޱȡ
ҶĴ˿ոΪŮӵķӳģΪӦ˭֪ȫԼˡ
ŮӵǸʬ棬һĨ֮ɫûȻǰӾԼ漴̧ͷעǰǾԼӣҪԸл
Ҷϴ֮ǰڷʧȥʵͨ̽ŮȻϲֻǰЩϤѣȥ룿


367 
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ﲽΣҪȥСһЩΪáӣƺҲԸʶķߡҶ˻ƵŮ󣬲ûкβס
Ůӵ˵ͷʲôĲ̸ҸоĸоҲǲһҲǰô
ģ
ҶһѵŮĿΪֱʰҲ֪ܴܲ͹ϵѵԶȥô
ǵġҶɳƵСʲô֣
Ůйâ˸ĿҶһۣûд𻰡
ҶŸоԼЩͻˣ˵Լ˿ֻһİ˶ѣȻЩ׽ĸо
˵ĻǾͱǸˡҶƵ˵ͷתҪ뿪ȴŮӽס
סҽ濣ŮӵĻƮ죬ҵıǾžߡ
աꡢ濡Ҷвĥ֣ͷҲصĴҵıǾߡ
һɫǵ˵ͷû˵ʲô
Ҷת˲䣬ȻЩĸоԼĿǰûа취ֱ֪ΪΣЩµĸо
Ҳϳ濾ǵǿҶƵǸŮӣɵõʹˣǵ㡭Ůӣ֮УȻ̺һ˿ɫζ
Ҷûж룬ֻ˵ͷ
Ϊʲôֱȥ϶ãķ̵
Ҷƴ˿ЩķԴҲ֪ô죬֮һټİɣ
ҶҪ뿪¾ʱͻȻʾʹˣ¾ڲμ˱ҪҪȥ
ҶƻЩˡȻ֪ôȥ濣ǵ֪¾ڵգԼӵѪǿǣ˺üˡοһˣͨȫѹƣܲӦĸо˵¾ڷӺˡ
ҶƼûκγɵģҲת˻ȥһɫ
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ҶƶѾģֻҪʲôΣգô϶ǲһеĳȥӪŮı硭Բᷢ
ʼˣеĶ̽˸ź⣬Ź⻪ǰĴƺŮӣȽϺ۸ȻЦ˹
С椺㣬ϲ
վҪΪԼ֪ۣ
ಣ
һͻȻͽȻһѪһĽͻȻ˶Ŀɿڴ
濵Ķ̽ѾմȾѪΣԴԴϵĻڽ棬Ķ̽ȻմȾѪƺѪȫһ㣬ôĺ˿˲
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濾¾ϵոԭɱ˶Ҫսľʧˣֻɱ˲գ۵濣
꣡
һݺݵĴǰǴ󺺵棬ͬʱҲһ˵Ǵ󺺵ĴҲݺݵ濵ϡ
ŵŵţ
Ѹ˳ɫһ󳱺죬̲סһѪֲʾѸĨȥ˫ɨܡ
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Ҳûжԣô˵Ҳûбôˣ棬֮ıԵѸٵԼô
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
ҶԺ֮һ󾪻ţæǱ߼۶ȥ
ʲô˼עΧʮˣ
ʲô˼Ϊ׵˹Ц˼Űָ濵Сӣү쿴㳤㹻ƯҪүС檣֪СΣ
濲мŤͷߡ

˲䵲󣬳ʰΧͣû취߳ȥ
ǴӦҲôӦӦҲôӦΪ׵һ˿׹⣬
濰еĶ̽ϸĴΧΧԼЩˣⲻһѪսˡ֮ǰԼĹûûκιؿԵġ
ǸղһѪͷӿѣǿٴսֻԼƸӵأǣʲô취أ


368 Χ
һĽǲϷڵѪƽȥеĶ̽ڿ͵һ
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Ѿ̤Ĳӳǰϴ̹ȥ
ಣ
̽գһϸ΢ĽȻֱӻգױȵƺݺݵĵǰˡ
ȻͨѹƣȻýļո߳ϱٶȾͿ죬һֻȺ֮дĺһһǰϴ̹ȥ

Ͼ˵ΧһĴ˺ɫ䣬ʱ¶Ƭѩ׵ļһ̼׵Ѫۣ¶˹ͷɭȻޱȣ
Ҷһ·񱼣ƺ΢΢Ư֮УȻܼ꣬ȴôɭȻɱ֮ĵԵʡ۶ôŭôҪɱˣѾӰ첻ˡ
еѾգΧĿ΢΢Ҷһǣ漴Ѹٽӽһˣ͵һȭҳȥΧ͵ݺݵĳ˱ȥ
˻ëֱȻҲǸоҶƵ͵ϮѸٰȥеĳһݺݵĻȥ
ϵҶƣ
꣡
˵ĳݺݵҶƵʣȻһ֮Ҷ֮ǿûа취ƿķ
˫Ѹٵĵɴͳþ޴ƺЩܲǰʵһ޴ȭͷ΢΢Žȴ۾֮ԽԽ
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ȴҶ˫֮еһ˿䣬漴ѾԼԴȻת˺󷽡һǰɡϵ
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Χ˿ѾۼˣһԲ׵Ȧӣ濸ǱʮΧһСȦڣȦһӲϵĳɱţ
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Ҷ˻ƵЦһ漴͵һųΧȦ߹
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飡
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ǰЩߣҶû˿Щ˶ˣɱҲûʲôסڷ֮أһ磬ĹӵĲпᣡ
濶̽һָƮƮĴǰһ󺺵棬漴͵һϣѪǴҲֱ͸ˡ

濵Ѹ˰ΧȦҶƻһ𡣿ϤӰϵսڴӣһʪ
ˣΪôϤʵûܸ
ǰ˵ĽԼԺ֮Уǳڼ֮еӰϵغϡ
ǵڶڶôõˡĵԼѾҶˣԲٽǰߣȻȷԼ˺øС
ԭ⡣
濲֪ǣҶƾǾߣ߾Ҷơ
ս͵ظ߸𣬺ݺݵĳҶƵıȥ׹ʮ£Ѿ˽һ룬Ǿ޴ʧ
ȥŭĺ
Ҷƶ·۹۰˷Ҳ͵һշսûݺݵһ˼С棬ɾ䣬Ϻ
ۣ
ɫһ䣬һѪͬߵķһԶԶ˦ɡ


369 ֮
˫֮¶һ˿ж֮ɫ֮أҲȫŵģҲȫĶߣвٵ˵ġ
Ҷ˵ɱ˷ɱʲôķ޷ֳһʲôķ˲ĽӴ֮ѣ
תۼʮѾֻ˻ڿļ֡
ҶɨܣѾմȾĶѪͬսһ㣬ʮֲֿ˲ֱӡ
ǵҶߣͷȻлл㡭ߡ
ûϵҶƵͳɤӵڿΣһЩƣ۵ӡ
ʣļƺ˵һһעŶԷӶԷпƵɫȻǲܻţ˭Ըȥ
ǰЩѾƵˣҶһЦЩ˿ҶƵЦݣ˲ŤͷܣҶƻǷٵֳȥ壬Ⱥм䣬˫ȭ͵ԲԭһɨʱĸҪܵ˾ĸɳһ㱻Ҷƺݺݵ˦ɣδرһѪѾǱˡ
ҶӰԭأٶ˲ȥɱˣѸٵĻصԭأ·Щûзһ
ܡŻɽҶҡͷ̾Ϣ˫֮һ˿Ȼ
ֳ֮һ˿ƣ֮ɫȴȻɨܣΧЩսҲƺǱĿŵˣһĳź˳ȥ
㡭ԼûϵɣҶƻ̲ס˻ɤʵ
ûûС濼ᶨҡҡͷҪѳȥȴһģˤڵأҶ͵˻С
㡭ʲô֣濾ƺҶƵĶŵһ㡣
Ҷ˳濹⻬֫һѣջ֣ڨڨЦע濵۾
һʶľҪҶƵĶ⣬ڰ֮лͣסˣķȥô˵ԷոҲǾԼһδЩ̫ˡ
žǱסӣֻ¶һ˫ĺɫ飬޷ж϶Է˿̵뷨ֻܺ޺޵ա
ǰȥΧս˸óһ·
ߺţϣǡڣЩȻķ仰𽥵ʧȺ֮С
ҶɵǺǵľոס濵֣ķŵǼᣬһ֮ɫ
һҶҲʧȺ֮С

ȥ˼죬ҶҲμ˼¾ڵսһʤ¾ͳλǸһս˴ûһ³ģ״Ҳҡ
ɱҲǷߣû˿Ҳ˿֣Ѫȸķ֮ڣҶģǲϵԼʵŵĺ֮УȻƣӶȥս
ԼԼоԼѾͻƵ˳ڶת֮׵۷壬ۿֻһԵﳤת֮סʵŻ󷨵ҶǽģıԵϵĽţԺ֮вϵζԭʼһ̶ûиȻʵĽźܴĹϵ
ҶƲһãһϹ̾磬ѰͻƣһɱܶԵо顭
󷨣ֲñΪʥޱȣ
˼ҶƻǾȥŵĴӪȥһûпѰһͻƵֱͻƵ֮ס
һֱűȥҶԽڳǣڳԵһеĽӦþνķš
Ҫ߽ȥҶƱŵ˸סˣʲôˣ
ҶƽԼƵȥߡȻԼѾǷŵˣôڱضԼϡ
ȻҶƵƣɫһÿ˵·
Ҷ˽ȥЩ󶼸ߴΰۻҡ
ڵ˲ֻ࣬ˡʲôԽУйϵߺŵĸǲܣϾ濿ʵʵʱɱ㡣
ȴǲ֮ذٷ֮ʮľӢߣЩһǴ¾մȾ˲Ѫ߳ģҲŵų˽
Щ˶ģȻڲսҪ㣬ʤġ
Բʵжǿ滹СΪá
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ʯеĺӵݸҶƣҶֵܣӦõġ
ҶЩܳŲܣȴʯӲС
ŰɣӶܽЩôѵҸʯıһﲻɣʯҡͷֻиܷӳЧðҶֵܣǰ;
ҶƿЦʼǰ;Σڣ߲ȥ֮صġ
ʯһ㶣漴̾Ҷֵܣܹ飬뵱ҸʱҲôġǵЩѵʱͻ֪ʵҲһѡ񡣡
Ҷû˵ʲôĿɲǰݵڷ֮ڣǳȥȻɶɱȺϹ
ܷԼ׷
ҶƽӷԼĿռָУҪ˵ʲôʯ˼΢΢һЦûʲôĵģҶֵܡҪžӢͷһʾġ
ҶƵ˵ͷָܹʵáûʵѾܹˡ
Ҳȥɣʯ˻ֵصԵλȥ
ЩŵɢҶƸʲһüû뵽ҶֵֻǺݣѸӰôһ˾ȻôУһˡѸӰǮİ
ҶԺ֮жʱЦݣȻЩȴϡк˿ûκʲ룬ǼپдˡϾ̫̫ڸԼʵ̫ˡ
֮ڳģһڵһڰֿķ֮С
һŸ޴ӣǶɫˮЩˮճһ״̬֮⣬һжǰɫģ˿˿ճɱ
ߺŴѸӰһĵŮ֮д˿˿ɡ
֪Ǹ
ףʯѾӦ˾ߣ׸ƣ֪ôģǸŮ
ǸߴӰȻˣҾ˽кη㲻Ϊƾ賤ת֮׵ʵܹȥɣ
ŮæȻܣסȥģҲǳת֮׵ǿߣԶء
ǻʲôҪĵأߴӰʵ
˳ȻͺãԤеһ׵ԤԿҪʵˣؽ֮СʱҶóܹľ¡Ǹʱ򣬲ԽѵʱҲȤķ֮ոһ긴һĹȥˡߴӰ
һװԤԿǽЩꡭҲʱˡ

ҶĴ򿪺ӣСóҩɢʱ˿һ󼤶
Ҫ֪޿ǴǧΪֻҪǷȥܹƾձǧΪ
һ뵽ҶƵʼޱȵļʵ̫ˡǧΪô׵ľܹˡ
Ľ޷ߣҶƱ۾һȻѸٵĽҩУ̱ͣҩЧš
Ҷ˾ȫޣһɹӿָо˺ˬȫһ㣬ֱ
һɹҶϵ֫ͷһƬҲƾն˼֣ҩЧ治ǸǵģҶֻоԼڵϵĿˣǧΪֻһˡ
Ҷֻо¶Ȳѣһݲĸоƺ۾˯ȥϸſĸҩЧһϸޱȸ
ҶҲ΢΢ţҲôףѾȫҶƲֱ֮һ
ֻ֮һҶƵΪθߣӳתֱ֮ϳȥȻ˵ת֮нףȹеľ硣
Ҷдϲ׽ϣôֱӵ˳ת֮׵۷ô
ĽҲǺɵľܴﵽ
뵽ҶƵӵļ˾ȫҩɢŰͷɢ
֪ȥ˶ãҶ۾һĽ޵ҩЧˡ
ΪҲĴﵽ˳ת֮׵۷壡һҩĹȻֵùǧĿޣɵã


376 ¾
վҶ΢΢һƿţ˳ȥ
֮ڣܸоɱһ뵣˺ܡҲ֪ʲôʱſԴﵽսʸעһγõó̡
ûڷڣһڷ֮صڳйţȻŲԼɣôҲֵڡ
ôңкЩΧһ˵ģҲŮӱǿģ֮֮ڣûʵŮӲ൱һ׸
Ҷƶ飬˵տʼߣôȫľˡûһ˿һĸо·ԭ쾭һ
ʱڷ֮صҶͶЩˡ֪Ĺȥı䡣
ǰţҶԶԶı¾ĺȲ֮һ¾ȥ
Щشŵ֪ҶǷŵˣԵ÷ǳĹûȡʲôãҶƺ˳˽ȥ
¾ĹϯѾˣ˺ԾĽҶ쵽һµİ֮У͸ش۲¾ϡ
һɫӰӣ˸ĺ⣬Ʈɣ˸ͲܽеĶһһֶʮֹϣʮֶ
ǺɫӰͬս֮ϵһֻ˭Ҳܶ϶һȥֻܱķҵĹôױסˣһո¾ϵ
ڣŸ˱ɱ¾϶ɺѪ˱ǵĶ˼һ
ѾʤһٶʮˣħĺڵǸ죬
Ҷƶȴޱ׽ĻȤʵղ˵ʲô
ΪԼʲôطͣæͷϹ𾴵ĿˣС˸ո˵ħѾʤһٶʮˣǿޱȣ
ħģҶ΢΢Цſϵ濣вĥţħģħô
ǰħһ㡣ֺ˿档˭һɱӵųǿʵÿһı󲿷ֶϯ˵Ÿɱ¾Ŷ׳֦ȴû˿Ķ߶ҶϸĽܵ
ҶƵ˵ͷϴһ˿׽Ц⣬ʵñŪʲô˼
ˣǰЩʱŰٳʤֵѸӰͻȻʧ٣ϽħĵͻȻ²²ͺܸܿħйϵѸӰǱħĴ˰ɡȻƾѸӰʵܹ˴ġ
Ҷ󣬲ݸ¶Ц⡣֮ĲԼǷذҶҲûȤȥֹͷ
߿Ҷϵı飬Щ̿֡ҲҶ²⣬ֻܵͷȥ
ҶϴһĨŵЦݣ߳ᣬӿռָ֮ϣһһ֮߳ڡ
˿ûаѸٵĳ֮֮Уʲô鶼пܷս֮ЪϢʱ䣬һЩרû͵ϮԽÿα;ĿЩ뿪
ҶƿԶȥıӰҲûĿײһϵеĻ𻨡
ɻתҶѾ˱
ѵҲҪôʲôԽ߸һԼˡ
濿Цһžߺɱסӣһ档棬һ
ѸٵȺ֮УƬ̺һ߽¾һλȥĶҶƵӰ
ߵʵǺģҲɵôаȽ֮⡣ԿߺҪμӱҲǷǳĸȤ
Ǻ췢ŮȻʶҶƵģӡ֮УμӱһΪע⣬ȻеġʵڲҶƵΪʲôμӱѾǷŵˡ
˼ѾȫĶȫʴȻҶĿʵΪԼ
Ҷƺܿһʮƥɹ¾ڴ󲽵ȥ
Ҷ̫ûԼĪ֮ãĹںʶġҶһʮӢҲû˼ǵˡ
ߵ¾ϣҶ˫¶ˮı䣬ʮѾվ̨ϣӭǵĽһս
˶ЩȲѾ丯ʴ飬Ѿɱ߶ţ
еһ£˱Ŀʼ
Ҷȴһ̬ûеȴѰԼһȵȳһĿȥѾУ˸ҵĺ⡣ǰǸĿ꣬͵һȭȥ
ƺΪҶƵٶʵ̫죬˾Ȼ΢΢Ƭ̵񣬴ԭز֪Ǻą̃ս˵ɲʲôͷ


377 ȱ
ܹ¾֮еģЩˣһƾľһӺݾۿҶƳҲ͵شһţ˫۳ڴŴĳҶƳ
ҶƲмЦЦǰĲ΢΢һ٣Ѹٵֹס˹ԣһ˳ĴǴ󺺵ı䴦˹ȥͻȻ󺺵壬Ǵ󺺻һƺǸܵв˲̧ҽţҶƵ߹ȥ
ߣ
Ҷ͵سȭҽײһ˲ײ˴󺺵ĽϣʱһѵǰǴ󺺷һҺţȻֻϵĽǶҶƴݻˡĴڵϣѾʧȥж
ҶƮƮ˴󺺵ȭͷٴƵĲ棬ҽ̤ҽΪ͵תȥͬʱ͵غǴ󺺵߹Ǵ󺺸ʹһƨɶڵϣһѪ
Ҷ˿һ߳ȥ󺺵߷ɡڵϵʱѾǲܻȥˡΪ߳ȥ˲䣬ҶƵھѾеĹͷ
֣ҶƺޱȵƮһ
꣡
Ҷһ̤ǰͻȻҶƵ͵һŤȭͷǻΧռһͣӴϯ
˾д󵶣ݺݵĳҶƵԴٶȷɿ죬˴̶ƿ֮
ϣ
ǸֵҶƵȭͷײһ𣬾Ȼֱӱ飬ΪһƬƬСС
ǿĿɿڴ˵
ΧҲǿһȭܹ鷨ӿɲԼˣǿƵħģȻִ֪ðһǿľߡ
ˣôΧһڹЦţϵĶҶָָ㡣
ǿ壬Ӯñʲô¡
ҸоѾǧֲ
һҶƳţٴڿӹ˫ȭϯſ񱩵ݺݵĻ˵ֻԡ
˫
˼һ룬ĤֱӱҶƿ񱩵ŪѪϲһ죬˵ϣҳ
Ҷһ٣Ŀٴһ֡
Ϣʱ䣬Ҷƾɱλֶ֣ι˳Ծѡ
˫ڹϯ濴ţߵӰֲû˿档ʵǿǿƣѪڡ
һˣһأ
ϴ˼ӸУ˵ĿǲתĹâﶼڸǲס
˹ΧֻһǺշ漴¶ףķ飬˦֡

ַĶһ濡һҲȻϵ
һתҶٴλɱΪ֡
һȭͷ­
һ߶Ϲͷ
ֱе˶ѾĽ£΢΢һЦ˫֮еĺȻľ
մȾϵѪҲ˵Ĳáĳȥ
ֻҶͻȻ̧ͷŹϯ֮еƤüɲǼİǵһ濵塣
ҧס촽ͷŤȥȻ֪ԼѾߣǼȻѾҶƵˣôԲԲҶƵ飬ҲֻӲĽѹ
ֱҶѾ߳¾żæվ¾ȥ
棬֪ΪܸоΣ֮УɨΧе˵ı鶼Щڡ
ô£

һϲ漴濸оԼĿĽ֯㡣
һһһϳư֮ɫӸµĴ濡
žߣħģ֮бž⣬濵̰ƺҪǹһ
濱ֳ񿴵ĺܲԱߵļ֪ϴνҼһСˣȥ˾ȱ
ڵûɱǷŻɽ
Сӵ۹ܲľɫȻҪãӹЦ߹һȺҲܿĽ濰Χм䡣
ߣСǣ͵ɣλɱ¾ŵˣʵǿŭĴ˿ĭ޺޵
濳ĬľеĶָ̽żһһٵǧҪһɱ㣡
Ǽ¶ɱȻ˻һɱ˶˲ܹӵеɱ
һ㻹ǶൣĵԼɣͷҿҪúõһ㣬˿ɲ
ΧȺҲɫ˿ƽĿɱ¾ŵҲӣԼԷ˳ֱɱ
̤ǰһ˫֮о֮ɫ


378 ȫȻ
΢΢˿ܰΧԼˣǿ֪ԼҪһսˡ
ҶüͷԶԶ֪ʲô鷳ˡ֮ؾҪʱ˵͵Ϯ
Ϊ˱ȥΪҶҲĳǱ߹ȥ
أ
ж̽·ɣ棬ԼԼг֮ƣ˲潻档Χ磬ʤٰѵˣĥ˳費
Ϊ֪ŭֻӰԼʵԱһ˿һӰ졣
ȻŭûãǻҪʲô
ȷȥԡ
һѾ޴սݣʮȫİյġħĵҲʮ˵Ķ֡
οԼأ
¡
еսϯ֮ƣͷ£죬һĿɿڴΧĿռƺҲΪòϵͣٶȶ
濸ܵӭĿ磬һ𣬶Ѿǲܵˣֻͬʱ̽սĹȥ
˴ϲħǲǱʤϲóͷԣȻŶ̽ӲսȫһƽĽ
̽սն̽жôǿǷ棬ѾһսôɵȶҪȶ̽ģԣ˺ôһֱħĵ
Ķôܲ
ֻеĶ̽ͬһ㣬˵ǸսӲӲȴҵһ겻׸񵲵ĽǶȣ͵ش̹ȥ
ͻȻоסսֱһ󺮷Ϯϼȶϵɿս濵Ķ̽ʹһĵطȥ󺮷磬˲
˫һ³ݺݵٴסսĵµ˳Щ˫Ķ濡
ħģ鴫ողԼӦٶȹ죬Լֿ϶ֱӷϵˡ
һ뵽˵Ķͷٴ˴εĺ顣
Ҷüë͵һ̾ѡ濵ʵȻ÷ɿ죬ȥһ죬ҲʮЧáΪʱʱ̶̿ҪıԵ㲻˿и
иʹ
Ҷƺһ㣬Ҳ
˷ŭһĭһ֣һϣСǣҶзݣ
е˿ħǾµݣƺһ˼Ѫһĳеķڿзƿ֮ХŴ
濽п಻ûκΰ취ֻƾݵٶȺ֮вϵĴţż̳һܹæˡ
ҲǴһսսţеսХ磬Ȼܲ͸磬ȴڸ濽ˣĸܵ濵Ŀֲ
ԭͱ¸Ǽ˾֮УϾ˫ȭѵ֡
ΧЩڣһҡͷ̾ǿħľҪЩΧԺҲսȤ
ҲһЩҪֵģһ뵽ɱ¾֣оһη壬ֻܽõ

濵Ķ̽ĴƮɣһж˻ȥȴһһ˿ڣѪ
ҶҲȥˣ˹ȥ
ΧٹĿ£Ҷ˿˽ȥ
һǷˣֿɱ¾ŰȻ
ǰԭϲѡ֣ȻնҪ
̫ᣬ̫嶯
ΧƺҶƲôãһ̾ϢҶȴš
߽һ˵Ҷ֣ݺݵĴӱס˵ʺ˫͵һ˾Ȼͱֱ˲ӡ
ƺǿһţ磬
˷ŭתɱ¾ڴ˰£˭Ҳ֣Υߣ
˵ţ˴̤ĳҶ˹˫֮еѪƺܹڻһС
ǵĿҶϵʱеɱıʧ٣Ȼ޵¶һ˿Ц⡣
еĹڶŵ߬ȭͷǲ֪ߺŻǰɱ¾ŵ˲ôĻ𻨣ǿԿ϶һǣˣ
ɫѸٵı˺ü̧ͷϴһ˿ĶֺõЦ⣬󡭡硭

һȻ˶ΪԼˡ
ҶҲһƣϸĴˣŷЩϤǾȴǲˡ
ҵʱɱ¾֮йսӢҿȫ۵סЩŤǺҶƵĿֲ˵ôˣҶħĳ֣ôˣԲҶҶƳ֣
ѸӰȭͷأǿһȭܹ˵ĿֲǴҶϣȴ·һ
ԸѸӰ֣ԸҶƳ֣Ķֲ̫ˣ


379 ޱǿ
ҶƶѾȫûӡˣһ˿ûи°棬ԼԲãҰ㣿
ɫ΢΢һ䣬漴磬СҲ֪ʵǿ飬ߣ˵ţ˼æΧʹһɫٺЦžҪߡ
˵ô
ҶͻȻ˫һɣȵ
͵һɫЩĿҶƣȻ֪ԼҶƵĶ֣Ҷͱ˵ĻҲ͸ƴˣ
ǿһЦǴʲô˼
Ҷûٶֱһߵ˼
¡
Ҷ͵һȭҫΧҲ˼֣͵紵˸еǳܣͺؿѹһʯһ
ܹɱ¾֮УʵȻҲȥҶƵֶΣɫ͵һ䣬֪Ҫƴˣ˫ȭתһϵĳҶƵȥÿһȭſϯ
Ҷ͵ڿһԾϢĳ˵Աߣ͵һ⳯˵߹ҹȥ
˸ողûзӦ˫ȭȻûջҶƵѸٷӳȻϽֻ࣬һ߹ѵ͵һѪĵĳǮ˺ü
ҶƷһȺݺݵĳϣ˾Ƕ˳ķһҶһȷֱ߳ʮףݺݵײǽ棬ѳһεİݡ
Ҷɿһŵ棬ٴγʣµʮ˳ȥЩ˶˵£ȻûжôǿʵҶ˿棬һҽдȻ
˵ݺݵǽ֮Уҧҧǣƣ͵һ̤棬ͬһĶ̽Ѹٽӽˣһ˿֮ɫûκԥһ˵֮С
ͣ
һ漴籡ѪҺ̵̹ġ
Ľ֮̽гһһٵҵˣ
ԶȺ֮вŵļûüһǳɱ۾սľ
ҶƹЦɱȺ֮У˫ȭϷ裬·ɣԲȭͷ˵飬ǶϽۣɱһ㡣
ЩǰΧ濵ʮ˶Ѿŵ˫ȷȻͷĿѾˣȻҲûɼܶԶǶԶ
ҶƸĿԣԶ˶ԷĿ֮е˷֮ɫҶ漴ХһѸٳЩܵ׷ȥ
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Ҷ׼߻ʱȴͻȻʾ⡣
Ҷһ㶣Ҳ׷ʲô飬ֻ濵Ӱ͵س˳ȥһת̽ݺݵĴ˳ȥ
ͣ
ĿԼؿ͸Ľ⣬ĵһѪҪʹţǽһЩѪĭ
͵ؽ̽˻漴صĵڵϣ˫ͫ𽥻ɢѾ͸ˡ
Ҷƺһɱʹô
죬˵ЩʲôҶͻȻסҶƾܣɳƵﲻ㣬
ĪıҶסС֣ϵĳǰӶ
һӺ߳һĻŮӣ۾΢УݵķӦȻൽҵĴڡ
һƫƧĽ䣬ȷΧûбˣҶƲһղŸоһֱڿ̽ǣںˣӦǱ˦ˡ
濲źۼĽԼִҶѣͷ̧
Ҷƴ¶ֻ۾̫Ϥˣܹϳݵģ濸Ҷƽ棬ÿζǾһƳԶҶòϸ˽Ⲣûжô룬ҲֻǸоϤѣûбĸо
˿̱Ҷץס裬Ȼйĸоƺĵ궯
ʲôʵҶƺĿ濡
ûж룬㶵Ļشת֮ס
Ҷҡҡͷ̾Сӵ츳֮ǿԼȣҲǲѶðɣҪ֪Լʵռ̫ˡѪ裬иĵرãû뵽Ҳôǿ
֮İɣ׼ãʲôʱȥôȥ׼ô죿Ҷ˫Ķ濵˫ۣͬһʣȻЩ޴롣


380 
濳ĬһᣬŵҵȷĲҸ׵˼òûоʱ䣬Ҹֻ˵ҪҴû޶Ķ
㸸ôҪģҶЩ𾪣޷һ׾ȻֽԼŮƽӣѾͲöˣƵĳת֮׵ǿ߶ɣˡ
濵˵ͷͷЩʵҸоǶôѵӡ
ҶƿЦãֻܽ濽һ£Цѡ
ʲô֮׵ǿ߶ɣ𾪲ѣʵ
ˡҶ̾һ
濳Ĭˣüͷϵ˼ʲô֮Ҳֻεʼ磬Ȼˣܹô죿һһɣҲŸײẦҵģһŬȡܹﵽǸΡ
Ҷô˵ҲֻҡҡͷһСﶼܹıôԼʲô԰أ
˵öԣûԹ֮ǰ˭ܹ֤һǸ߲ʵģҶ߬ȭͷɳƵһлٴμġ
˵ţӰ͵һֻͣԭһӰ䱾ѾԶԶķ˳ȥ
ˣлл㣡濵ķӦһģǻǵҶƵ

ԼĿ겻ӦֻǰݵȥˣǴ֮߳أȻȻɶɱЩϹҶа뵽
ˣ֮ǰų˵Ҫȥ׸ҽƣӦΪʱɣҶͻȻһȻ
⣬ҶƼæŷڷɱȥȵʵ֮ҲͿԹĿʼˣϾ¾ڣ̫࣬Ҳ֪˸ɱ˵ļɣʱ򹮹һΪˣϣܹЩ볤ת֮ףΪ塣
˷ţųķ䣬ʯ˵⣬ʯҲˬĴӦҶƵ
ղգʯ̶ȥ׸ҶƽƣҲȴһ׮Ը֮ǰҶɱѸӰǷǳ˻ŲΪһô
ڳģǸڰɭķڣߴϵ˵ʲôµ鱨ô
ףһĵŮӵ漴һӰǰߺŸžߺߵĺܽղŻžߺɱɱ¾ŵһĵӡ
Ŷħߵúܽ׷ʵ
ǵģ˽µĽ顣ŮӵףҲһԹ۲ʱȻܹĲҵĴڡȻֱҵҵλãǹݸ֪ȣԶԶһˡ
ǸߴӰ̾һңҲѾмǧ˰ɣ
ŮӼæΪףԸ
ҡͷҼǵڰǰѾͻƵ˳ת֮ףȻܹټĺпܾǵһ׶Ǹѡ
ŮҲ˵ͷǵģѸӰȭͷϣȻûһ˿̫˺ƽֶΣпǴԤ֮еǸˡ
͵һ֣ȻЩҲֻǵĲ²ѣǵĻôãΪҶˣ֮أҲȥˣǽõ
Ů͵һѵĵͷ
ˣôãȻҲ뷨İɣǵһ״Ԥ֮ԤԵǸˣǶӦóֻľܸо޴ѾͬһһΧˡԶˡװοŮӵ
ͻȻһŲŮӼæվ˳ȥ֮ѸٵɫҴҵĸףʯǰ˵Ҫװķӡ
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Ůٴ˳ȥһˡ
ʯҶƣǹ뷿ڣǸߴξϹ
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ҶҲǸߴӰһܹоǸߴӰѹֲ׼¶ǿ̬˸еޱȵ𺳡
Ҳֲãֻһʵƽƽˣʲôֶοѹķأ
ǸߴӰһ̾ˣϻ˵ʯ֪ε⣬ԣ׼󣡡
ҶһĨ֮ɫʱʯ˵״˵ƢʮֹŹ֣һˬĴӦ˭֪ȴʯԼȫͬ


381 ƶ
ʯҲǾޱȣҲû뵽Ϊʲô״˻ô˵ƽƢŹֵ׸ͬһˡ
ȻҲܹʡȥ಻Ҫ鷳˷ܲѣҶʾ⡣
Ҷƻ⣬һǰĶ׵ףҽơ
λǸߴ˵˵ͷ¶һ˿ıóѵĹâֹâûбڶ˿
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ʯŮʮʶȤȥټķֻҶƸڸϵˡ
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Ҷһǻûκηӳͱִʶ֮нһŹק˳
ȻһСһټĻѪ΢΢ȵеĹŷ˵ϡ
ֳôĻԣֻ͸ģΪѾʧȥ֮ԴҲʧȥ壬ƾžάʶ
ɫ֮һ֮ɫƺ׵ǿʵסˣ˵
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ұͬǡаħұۣⲻаħұôôϣҡҡͷܰôĻаħұ۽Ǻöö
Ҷ֪˵ġħԵ͵ⲢģǱӲġ
ܣ׶Ȼʵôܱжֱۣǡǣ췣
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ҶƴĿԼХۣƺУ˵ôʲôء
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Ҷܸоĳ׶Լûаֶ⣬Ҳֻ̹˵ûӦǵġ
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һѷ죬ӴϵĴѷ֮ӿؾںһγɴƬޣΧĿռƺҲܲסǿѹȻϵ졣
Ҷƻµëƺſˣ˱ʹĸоȫͬ֬¶ϵţֱ
ܹĸоһɹǿĽ룬ԼҲڲϵĻָţμĵķƺҲܹ׵Ĵ߶ָоҶƼϲ
ûܹʧȥʹֹ࣬˭ԸٸܵڶΡ
һ˿һĻָҶ˫֮гżɫ˫߬ĽأΧŲϵСֻҶƵ渲һѡ
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һĪĸоӿֳָоҶЩƮƮȻƺǴʲôƿһ
΢΢ſƣȻһŲĻ棬ҶὫ
ԼǴﵽ˳ת֮ף
ʮѹ֣һ籡ʧȥٴλұøӵʵøӵǿ
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Ҷƻ˸Žɫ磬ۻңĸܵһǿȵѹĵ׸


382 ԭ
ҶƵͷԼ˫֣˿˫֮жһŽɫڲͣ˸ţžš
˫ȭ͵߬ɫ˲ɢȡ֮žžɫĵ߲ϵҶȭͷתӳĵҲޱ䣬·սһ㡣

΢΢һҶе׵ɢ˹ƽкɫâޱȣƺ˿ܹƵá
ҵڻָˣҶһ˿ҡ
ĬĬջ֣˫˸ų侲ĹâעҶƵ֮صĵһһԤԣ͸֧ͷųĴԤԤԵ罫ңӷ֮ڻ߳һˣӵ챦ͬʣ幦
Ҷһ񣬴Ԥǲڵ֮ôȻҲϵˡǿϧǶڵ˲û˵ԤײͺľˡҲΪҶͷһ
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ǵһôԤԤԳܹ˵Ϣ
֪ǴڵɣͻȻԳһķʵ
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Ҷĵľǣ˵˾Ȼ֮ص˶ΪԼ£һǿ˵ܸħŵȼ磬ǾԶԶһС֪֮صǶɵĿܹԴҪʲôĻǿ϶Ӧġ
ԭҶҪԼ齨һҲֻѣ̨ӡ֮еЩ޸ʿȻǲܸħŻߵᲢ۵ģǼϷ֮صЩˣɾͲͬˣ
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ҶһǳɵĴ˳׹ⲻϵķţޱֱûһģ̳ġ

ҶƷ·һ˼ųɶҶԭ˷ܵɫ̾һ૵ͷİɶһҵİ취ġ
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384 
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ʮʱ䣬֪Լܷ˳ﳤסҪ֪ʮɾԼսӰôǻļ֮飬Ҷƽıչ״̬֮С
ʶ֮еҶҲڴͬʱٶȻ˵ϣҲǻ󷨵֮

ʮʱ伸ǵָҶƳصʱѾо綼
ޱ޼ʵƺʵԼҶƺԼֽһŵĶ
ת֮ףǿԴԼСǧģҶһ󼤶˫͵سһӣ֮˲һŰ׹⣬漴׹˲õҫɫмѿһӣ漴ӳ˾ҵǿ⣬ߵĽĳӶȥмɢĽҲԽԽҡ
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͵طɢһĻͻȻչɽ⣬ͻȻ細һһﻨչ
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ҶơҲ˵ˡ̫ţȻӿ³˿صԡ
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ҶһԵ߹ȥ͵һ֣ռ˲Ƭѣ̫Ǽûκεһֱѹ˵֮УΧ顣
ءͶ̫Ǽæеû뵽ҶȻˣȻﵽ˳ת֮סŽǶ֮׶ѡ
Ҷ΢Щȵ㲻Ǹոսôôܻǳתδһתתģ
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ҶƲƲ죬ٴγһѹͬʱߵҿ㻹ܾǿʱ
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̫ǵٴαݺݵѹʯ֮Уѷأǻ̫ȴûܵʲôʵԵ˺
ҶҲ̫ǿûأʵҶ˽¶͵͵İȣܳ˵̫ǵ
أģ̫ǻӲ
Ҷƻ˫ֳѹȥ漴ǿĿռ䷨̫ǵصѹ֮УʱٴδһʹĴ
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Ҷ΢˼һ£漴һ֣һ޴ĹͷɢŨͻȻҶУŻ̫ǡ
̫ǿˮ˲ؽиͣ˫֮о̰֮ɫ
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϶Ĵ𸴣ҶƲŵ˵ͷйͷݺݵĳŻ̫Ƕȥ
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385 
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ХǣѾ˵ƷְײûӦҶƵĻȵĴһҶƿµĻ̫ǡ
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ҶɻʱͻȻźɫĹâҶƵľһ˲ͱ÷飬Ӵĺ˲佫ҶƸ̫ǵϯڡΧһи֪ģֻǵͳڶ߻ص
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վҶſԲ̨ϴһܣȻǳȵ̲ܽѵڷţɣ
þҵ¶ȣҵУޱǿ¶˲䱻ճɷɻҰɣҶһܽдʧɫ
ͨ·ҲֻһСѣûκηʩֻҪһѹˣʧֱӶ֮ܽУֱӾɵ³
ҶǿЦЦȻֻôһ·ҿԷɰ
˵ţҶ͵̤ն𣬾ҪСǱ߷ԾȥΧһХĿ磬漴ȼղϵ桭

˲ֱҶһͷĿѣؿƵĲУоڵˮֶˣ˱ճ˸Ƶá
͵
Ҷһ̲ס䵽С֮ϣڴڵĴŴֱʱΧ֮еɢȥ
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Сϵӽһڶɽ֮УҶƶͷ亹һһĲϳŶ߹ȥٶȲ̫Ҳ̫һŲȻˣֱӳɣֱ̣ӵбճɻҽ
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Ҷƾ߶ȼУ˫΢΢עǰԶĺڰ˵ʲô̫⡣۾ܹĺԶֹҲֻǿǧҵľ롣
ԽԶߣӾҲԽԽģֻܸоɽԽԽ
ٶʮһٶʮ
ҶÿһоĬһ֣ߵٶʮ岽ʱڸоһ˿ͬѰΧĿȶƺĽȥҶ˵Ǻ鰡
ԶɽҲԽԽҶƻ±ýģΪѾоΧжˡƺǱɽڣԼӽȻ͵سԼһ
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ҶһһĽӽɽͬʱҲȫλļУаЯȴɽ֮ǶͻȻϮ

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386 
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ϸһƬƣҶƺȻԭһڸס˰յĴ򣡶ôţֻһͼռ˴ɽ
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ҲҶɱ֮ģֱĵļҲֻ΢ѡ
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ޣҶƴиֳһֲ֡

Ҷһ𣬲˼ĵ֡
ǳ֮бȽѲޣ޴󣬶ȺʳʵѪҺ;гתλ֮׵ʵһĽ֮׵ǿ߶һĶ֡
ȻпХҶͬɽһվΣûаֻζ񶼼һҶƵ˫֮ϣѾաڻɱȻͷŶӳڱָɭȻ˸Ҷ˫۱ñ䡣
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ҶɭȻâָ͵һһ͵سſȥһ󾢷磬Ҹƿ֮˭֪ڿ΢һڣȻҶƵط롣ҶȻû뵽ôȻôݡʹˣҪס𲻱ࡣһܹɵذյ˵ĹҲ޷Ӱ쵽ٶȳǷӦؼޡ˵ǡ
Ҷ˫ָסʮ룬ҾͲ㻹ܶȥ
˵ţ˫ͬŮɢһ㣬ʮȫȥ˷˸ĺ⣬ƿ֮ڶ
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֨֨֨Ȼ˵˱Ե
ܹԣҶһҲ֡ǵ˳ޣǾǻ۵ģһѧ˵
Ҷ˫һ˫֮Ѹٱž޴ĹʣĿռͻȻѣСǧôչ˳
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ÿֲȻֱӽɣŭĺ˫͵һչ͵Ŀ糯ҶƴɳĴΧʯͷҲĻӻ÷顭
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Ҷƻ棬ƺǿҲ¸£ĬĬļϮʱ䣬߸ߵԾСڿ͵طȭ֮˸ű䵽ɱɫ˲串ΧһУԵޱȹ죬ޱȵı䡣


387 
Ҷ壬̫ҶƿԺܺõ赲µȣҶƽµĵʯ
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ֻоԼȫܹԼˣɾ޴ϵĴ߶֮ܽڵȥ
ʵôǿп϶·һ

ɴ˫ۣҪҶȭͷɢĺڹôıӴֱ󴩳һ޴Ŀ޴
ҶƳûѸһĺ󱳣Ծն˫͵̤ĺϣݺݵĳһţ͵سȥյķΧ
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ཹལ
ҽϵĴཱུķڵëȻ
ҶҲƾһֱֱķȥٴС֮ϡ

Ҷƴ˿Ĩ˰Ѷͷ亹գҵȥҲ·һ
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ʲôСһǧ׵Ĵ߰
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Ҷ۾ſ磬Ĵ۲ţߺĿĵڿռҴܣ˿Ѿûе·ߵģΨһƾֻԼ̤շС
Ťͷ˿Ǳߵɽƺ벻ԶҶѸٵš
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þҵĸ£Ҷ˫ֺݺݵİס˶ڣСʱǹҪɢӭһˬ
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Ȼܴ󣬵ǴߵԴȴ󣬸޷ҶҲ۾Ϣһᣬȫָˣվ
Ŀǰֻһ·ǾɽȥҶ޾֮·Ǵʮֵľ񣬳ȥ
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·ڣ߲·һɹϢӶʹ泩ҶƲɵøϢ˫΢СұߵĲ·ޱȣй߶ڰɣͨܳһ˿˿Ϣһʹ⡣ɽ֮䣬һ鼫ɽʯȻܸߴȴƽޱȡɷ֡͸һɱĲɣС
Ҷƿʯͷ֪˽ȥʯͷһ޴УҶƵоȫУľ񣬺Ҫľȫɵ
Ҷ㶵վﲻ֪룬ֱγѣյ˫˲бȥľ˲䷵ڣε亹ҶƵϡ
ʯͷȻŹֵĺܣ
飬ǻ취ôɣҶһȥǿʯͷ
ʹˣҾɫɽȻ·ɫɽȻ·ǹ⽫·ŪԻġ
ҿδءҶζ·¶Ϣһһ˶ɵӣȻҲ֮ĵǷ֮صĵһ׾ɵô
ҶƵһĬ
Ҫ˵··ô򵥵ĵȴ⣬ΪԼһЩСȴû뵽ɥڴˡҶ٩٩̸


388 
ĬտڲԣҶ˵ȷġܾ֮˵⡣
Ҷ߬ȭͷ֮оȻ˺ˮһһĳǸɽȥǴʯʱһëȻ
ȻѾѡ·ôǺǲģҶƱ۾һУܿûޱ޼ʵĺɫ֮С
谵ޱ޼ʵĻ谵֮ǰɫûаֹҶһɸоԼǲߴˣѵԼѡǴô

ûеյ׽ҿһ̣ԲԼǴġ
ģǰһ˿ҶҲӿ첽ǰȥϴһ˿֮ɫ
Լҵѡû

һХΧʯŰؾҲϵı紵ɢҶƶǰĺڷҲĲ춯
ԭҹ˲˼磬ԭڵɫձɷһ㣬κιɽ׶Σɫֱӱ任ġ
Χ˲İ׹ոջںڰ֮еҶƺǲӦüͷ۾һŻ
Χĸ޴ƺƵأܣһĺñʵĿյΪԵüΪҫҫĴۡ

յĴ֮Уһе𣬸Ҷ֮ǰ֮صһģһ
ҶƻЩͷԣͻȻһҵİɫͽǰ߳һ˸˿˿壬Ҳ˵ӣȴûòֻܿһŲҰɫĹšҶе壬ֱһģһ
ɣ𾪵ǣȻ˵ˡ

ҶԺ֮Ѹһⲻϵô
ϵĲԴܾǻۣǰӵǻ۵ģ
˵ӵĴļ䡣
ȻǻۣȴûиҶƽʲôһζֱӳҶƽ
ô
Ҷ֮յıܹһȭһȭȻǰռֱѣǴʯ̳ɵĵȻ˲ȥ
֮ڷ·ӵħһѵĿռѸϣʯҲĻָԭӡ
ಣ
һ̤ȥϵĹȭÿһȭӴԼܹΧռʵҶдʧɫ
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̣
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˿ҶƵǿǣȻӭҶƵȭͷҹ
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ۣ
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ҲմȾҶƵһЩѪѪýϸƣᣬǸеԵٴ
ѪҺʶȷ
ѸٵĻΪһ޴Ĳ֣ٶȷɿҶƵ񾭷ӦٶҲϣֱӽҶС
ҶޱȣݺݵΧ壬ʮӲķۡ
⵽ʲô
ҶƷŭĴһ˫ȭһ棬ĳڶѵɵ˲ͷų𺳵Χռ䲻ϵѡ
𣡡
Ҷһŭӱ࣬õĽɫԣͷ״֣żݺݵ棡
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ʱض̲סһʵǿף
̶ȣǿ
Ǹеٴ漴ǸѸٵٴλΪӣԶԶ˿
꣡
Ǹתɫâϵ嶼С
꣡
ֻһѣѾ泯ҶƳ˫ȭҶ񾭸ϵٶȣݺؿڡ
أ
Ҷɫһ䣬һѵĴϢѹ˺֮УջΪһŭĴ˱˲Ʒɡ
죬ٶ̫ˣ޷Ӧ
ƺĵĸȥ˫ȭԲݺݵҶƵϣʹҶƻ¶ڲͷһѣһѪ˶ƺѪһ
͵һųҶ߹ȥ³ϣ
أ
Ҷ˫͵һɣʹıһ˸߿գߵķһԶԶ䡣
ǿ


389 컯
ҶƻĴʯѵĲȥǵѪǵվ˫۷ŭĶѾֹ壬һҫ۵Ľڲϵᡣ
ɢɣ
Ҷһ㣬˲ԾǰſɢŽɫâȭͷͳҹȥΧռʱһ󼤵ЩǳܲסӴֱ黯Ϊա
ӵԶѪΪʹںۣͬʣǿȫϣǸеͻȻ
ҶƸоԼȭͷĽ⻹ûдϵʱ򣬾ͻȻϢı֮УƯţƺһжܲٿһ㡣
ô£ҶΣŭĺô޷ǿƿء
ҶĬʱ䷨ռ䷨ԼԼͨɽϢΪŨؾ۽ԼڣȻܶͻȻչֳҶԼСǧ磬ΧزϵݣȻܶ֡
ĪĿ־֮⣬Ȼ𽥵ĸͷ
ĪҪţһֲɣͻȻҶͷֱ͸ҶƵ֮С
Ҷһæ۾ĸָоƺΧضԼԼԼڹͨһ㡣
ϲͨ˲ԣǱȺôľǸûκεĸ飬ɵ
ҶҲˣǴ֮صĵһô
ƮӣֻǱһʶѣȻδѵľôվɽģʱѰңƮ
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ȻѾ֣ô֮ҲûдڵıҪˣǻѭҵĿͣΪұۣϣܹѡƮ㱵
ȻҲϵҾһ컯ƮޱȵƮ졣
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ҶԵĸоԼδȫ͸ĴиȻ׹ҫ£չһǧ磬˲ϵľ裡ҶƸҿ϶Լͷϵ϶ǲҪĽӡˡ
˲ϵʲô
Ҷİ׹ȫҶڣļ͸һɽĺ
Ʈӵٶ𣺡ֻСѣ컯
Զ벻ֻƿֻأôҾܴ
˵Ҫй⣬Ǳ˹⣻˵ķǺڰǱ˺ڰôҼ񡪡Ԥ
ż˲ûҶƵڣҶƵɴ۾Ŵȴȫȫû˰ɫĺ֮С
֪˶ãҶƲŻ۾˹һ¾Ѹ͵ĵܡ
ȻĴ֮УǸѾɢǸеҲѾɢҶܸܵĵԼ¶Ũϵ
ԤҶƾȻֱڻͨ¯࣡ʿҲһ͸ģô׵ıҶϰˣȥĻôжʿֱ
ҶƣĴϵһʥͨɣǸ˶ƴôҲȫˡ
վĴţţô˵ѾǴ˰ɣΪʲôΧʲôûУ
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ԶһСѸݵĴҶƵĶ֮СҶüͷϸϸĸӦš
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Ϊֻһ£Ǿҵܹﲢҷˣв٣ȴѡˡǰǶѡ·Ϊǲ·ȷҲǴΪǶûȥֱ֮߳أֻһˣѡ·ңƮӵԼӿˡ
Ҷƾ˵˿ƮӣȻԼԼһ˿֮⡣
ҵ»Ὣͻط֮أ֮ڵķߣΪ£֮صףҲΪұۣȥɣЩȥƴɱɣΣ׼̤ڽ£Ʈ˵Щ֮ɢˣͺñȴûгֹһ㡣
ҶƸоǰռ͵һŤԼȻƮǰŤĿռ֮СǰһڣͳʧȥеʶֻܸоԼڿռ֮вϵĵš


390 Ȩ
֮Ҷ۾ɷԼӿռ֮еȥһڵķ֮С
׵ķ䣡Ҷݵı˳΢ЩǻǲܹӰ쵽жġ΢΢ǽվڵĴ˼Ĵɨš
ϵǸ˶ˣվصĳҶصĲ֮УȻԼԼһ˿ʧ̬ӣϣǴûгֹ
㡭ɹĴ׵ЩĵЩ
ûһƮǰҶƵ˵ͷ
Ʈ졭ӡ׵Щɬһ״ˣѾǳɷȥ˰ɣ
ţûҶƵ˵ͷ
׺һǿ֮УһЩظĸоҲһ˿ζ
Ӵ֮󣬷֮زˣǷߵйͬ䣡˫ۼᶨĿҶƣһһٵ
ҶƸо֮һ󼤵̲סĻ˻ȭͷ

֮أڳǻǣ˿̶ֳı仯֮еŭ𣬺ХѪɫ鲼֮أ˸еĵ׵һëȻ
ͬʱеķ߶ͷգ֮пȣңһ˿ԼԼĽ֮⡣
䣬ôֻ˵һ¡зߴõˡҲΣҲвĿùһһεķġ
һ̣еķ߶ˣһ߬ȭͷţʵǳȥһЩ֮صģԼԸġ󲿷ֻǱƭˣŸоôãѾ̫ˡ
˿̿ٴ˴˶һĽʺ޵ΪʲôĲԼΪʲôǱˣ
ʯŭһȭڵ֮ϣǻŭ޴ɢѾǱȭͷݺҳһʮ׵ĴӣĿġ
Ϊʲô˴ѾʵˣŭĴţѾﵽ˳ת֮ףΪʲôһûΪʲôһǲȥΪʲôΪʲô
ͬʱɱ¾ŵĺһŷֵҲΪȵķŭѹһֻС۾ʮֵϸСɢŷŭĹâ
Ҳ߱սʸ֮һͬģҲûȥս˭ڻǰѡţϾָоˣ
˴˹ȥŭ˺ͷΧصѾǴŭ
Щǣڷ֮ǧķǣһе뷨ǵõɣĶ
Ͽɹͨ۸ߣΪɹʣ߽Կף
Ǵ˿̵
ڣɱ¾ŵĺŵĸʯƺĵӦһ㣬ͬʱŭĽ˫ִȥֻһ뷨
һԣһԡ
սһһԣ
˾һôѾܹˣܹûɵˣҸо˶Ҫˡ
·ϣҲǽˣȴһ׮¡
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˺ò¶˾֮֮ػصһƺƵ֪Ķ׵˭Υ
֮أԼǧˣһȫųıϮȥһ˲䣬ΪǶǷǳ飬Ȼ׸ټǡ
ǰһ̻¾ڴɱ¾һ̾ͱ𺳣ǰȻڼֵĶ֣̾һ߳¾
ǸֻһƺΪܹ濶֮̽±סеҲѡΪǰǲܵ顣
ҲȺıϮڳģ׾סĵط
һ޴ĺɫ֮ߵĴڡվ棬Ը֮صȫ
Լ˼ʱе˶¼ϣ濴ȥһ޼ʡ
֮ûжκһˣＯϡʱ˿Ƕ쿴Ÿǹ°ӰһϮۣúɫ档Եޱȵء
ⲻ״ˣʯһ۾ͿǸӣߣ
Ҷƣ
ͬʱһ˿ɻôվȨĸ棡
ϾǶѱ֮ͽ﾿ʲô¡
濪ʼʱҶһһصͻȻϯʱΧɫӻ谵ŭ𣬲ţһͷɫ͵شҶ˳ųϾ
˶סˣƺĴסˣһĿɿڴŸǹ°Ӱжһɱζ
ҶƣʲôʱôǿˣɻͬʱϤҶƵÿ˵ĵס


391 
ҶƺĸЩνķߣЩԴ֮ȥôһɼǿķǳֲ
ǵŸħţڵײвĵҲû֮ص˶ࡣɲħŵŵˣһиɢ޵Ĵӻ⣡
Զһ壬Ҷȫ˸ħŻߵŽаʵ
ҶɤӣһһٵҺãǶҺİҽһ£ǾߺŷߣͬʱҲԺ䣡
ķ߶ʱǴ֮ѹҲˣϾ˼ӵǿʵͬΪߣΪʲôôţȻҪΪԼµףƾʲô
ƨӹ

ŲֱӳƤ
һŭĴȣҶʼ磬Ťͷע׵˫ۣЦѡ
룬ʸģҶȫ˵Ľлһһٵ
иƨʸ񣡡һ󺺽ݡ
ƾʲô֮ϣĻǱԱԣ
Ҷҡҡͷмһ˵ѵǾͲҵʲôʲôţ
ԻЩ˿ҶƵ۾ǲƵģŲмŭġ
ô˵أҿԸҶҡҡͷһָҿԸ㡢ǡԡɣ

ټĹ㳡ϣʱѻȸеˣǧ˫۾Ķס°Ӱ
üͷҶƣв֪˼Щʲô
ʯԶԶĿԣӶԷп˲˼֮ɫ
ߣ˵ģ
ûһͻȻһһߴĺɫӰҶ߳۾ӥһɨǧˡ
֤ߺŵȷӵſԸɵʵԽǶųȥ׳
һЩ˲ʶףǺ컹иʯһȴȫȫķ
ЩˣĸԸɣûһ
ȥĴۣǴԸһȡɣʵ̫ˣãʱ̫ãҲɵġ
Ƭ̵ѻȸ֮˷еķһ𣬺ƺأضص¡¡ڶ
еķ߶ڴѾõԸڻô
ǺʯٴΧĿռ䡣֮ɫԱ
ǣҶƻһתٴȫȥ
˭²ϵڱһҵͷϣҪõرͱҪһĴ۵ġ
һҪ󣡡Ҷư˰֣֮һ˿â
˶ھŸӰ˶߬ȭͷǶڵȴ
ҪǷЧңΪҵұۣΪ͵Ҷ峺׵Ȫһ쳹˵ĵס
붼û룬ʯ̵ˡԸ⡱˵ЧҲ£Ǹɣ
еķ߶ĺţšЧȡɣ˵õĽ
Ը⣡
죬еķ߶ڻţΨһ⡣
üҶƣиٴʲôע⣬ôܻӵиɵȨأ
Ҷƻͷ׶һۣԶ˶Էеο
ڣҪǷЧң̣Ҷߴٵ
˺ԥĿʼ׼ԼЧңָ췢ġȻΪˣôʲôҲĵˡԥĶҶѡЧҡ
Ҷ˲ǵõǧ˵ЧңһɲǣһԼĸо񣬾ˣ
ˣȥ濵ˣҶƽЧң
Ҷ۹תȺ֮Ψһһ⣬֮һĨ֮ɫƵץסһǡ
ˣҲʱ򹫿ˣ
Ҷ͵ؽſּ¶ô濵˫ۡκʵĿ濡
ֻ۾ɵþ޴󣬺ķɿ졣졣
ʶףɲԼ˼ĺ˼ҹҶôߣԭҶƣ
ӰвϵغϣֲôԼƴҲҪԼԭҶƣһֱغԼߣֻԼûзѡ
Ҷǵһ˿΢Ц͵سŸ߸ߵһӣɲǼ·ˣ
յǲӰ˲ʧ˶ĸоԼڵȻٴλˣ
ѾѹʮǧٴλصԼڣһŵĿԼ˫֣Ҫ˵ЩʲôǺѾ
ˣɣ


392 ص
ԭʮ꣬ûиܵȫٴθܵˡһɹͬȪһ㣬ŸɺԵ塣ĳȣ֮Ա
һЩʵǿ֮ˣȻֱ̤շ˫Χռ䣬ƿΧռԼʱķ˷ܲѡ
谵մ˿ԵЩ֮еһһĶ飬ҶߵҲ˷ܵսȭͷ˫˸ź˵ľ⣬ȫ̫¡
ɣ
͵쳤Хһ˻һʵ͵غݺ֮УƬռ˲鲻ѣ岻ϵĽţ֮ӿƽİۡ
ǧͬʱ̤նڵհţҲŴɣɣɣ
ҶƺǱȾˣ˿ȴûаȥΧ顣˫۸濵˫۶ţһŨŨİ֮両֡ϵš
㶵վԭأҧס촽֮ѾʧҲûбҪסԼʵˣ˫֮оȻԼԼ֡
ҶƺԥӸԾǧ׵ĸ߿շ·赲֮䴫ݵİ⣬ҶƵһǰΧӵĻӳ£ԵôΨ
ٴһоڲС
ҶƵ˫֮⣬֮ɫԱȻõ濵壬ôΣҲһḺ𵽵ףοѾĵİŮ
΢΢죬еѾΪӨ䣬֮ǰڷ֮Ǹɱˡ͵ҶƵĻУ§סҶƵĺ󱳣
Ҷ˷֮һԡֻܽеĽ§ĸӽһЩ·֮׵һл׵ͬһʧ
ÿʱÿ̶㣬㶼㣡ǻһڵõ㷢ȭͣĻҶƵĺ󱳣ʹ޵
˺ˣҶĺ󱳣̽ռָ֮УóһСӣǸԷ
ΪһֱûóҲԸ⽫ƷӰûʹԷ
Сõ濵ǰҶĿӣˣһޱӾͲƯˣ
ᣡΪЦæᣬĿҶеСӡ
ȻţЩû뵽ҶƵԼĵλȻҪ
ȻˣҶҲ˼ҹ롭˵ҶƵЩãЩޱ֪ûзɶڵȴԼȥȻԼϵصȷذ
ȱżɣȳȥ˵Ҷƶ濵ͷ
ҶơͻȻԶһҶתͷǷųʯʡ
ˣҶƻޱȾصģæתλʲôô
ʯæûҶһֵǧҪµ£ɾ˱ˣ
ǰû뵽ܹɵʵȲ˵ħģʵֵǶ㸩׳ƳҲ
ҲԶԶ˹һƺЦ˾ջһ㣬Ҷƴкֵܣû뵽ģķ֮ؾôıŪɢˡôǧ˵£
Ҷ΢΢һЦӣʼЩġΪʲôֻܿǾջһЦݡΪˣŶرĽġ
ˣҶƱȭһ񣺡ԺֵˣҵһЩƻҲԸλˣڴ֮ǰǲӦһطú̸̸ôվ˵ɲŶλų
˶һۣԶԷмҵս⣬Ǵһʼڷ֮ؾ϶֣ߡɣȻսҪ㷢ҶҲҷ˵Ҷڲϵϴ
̸̸ɣ˵һȥ·ȻһжϾǧ˿ɲһСĿҪһõأôö֮ĳȥ˵ľ裬Ȼ֮ڱҲǲ١ҶƺĶ˵
ȻҶƶѾˣôҲֻڨЦջŭһжѭҶƵİš
֮صĿռʱϵ黯ռϵŰţӴ˺ΧһС˶Ϊ֮һҶҲɻס
Ҫţ֮شӴ֮ͻʧˣСǧȻҲʱʧϾҪصλˣ֮ԼԼ̺һ˿֮ɫ˵ҲǷǳϣܹɵˡ


393 ȥȰ
һģĹƮ˶оǰһ裬˲硣
λϵķ֮أڳױˡеҲλ棬϶֮ɫ
Ҷ۾ΧľɫһŨıߵӿͷʮǰΪħųϵ׷ɱ˷֮ڣԼھԼҲʮǰǸԼ
Լǳת֮ףǸħŵĳȣҲûκѷɫĵطϰõĴԤ֮ǰľ賤϶һԼĶ֣ñвԶӡ
һ뵽賤ϸһУҶߵľͲϵĲţҪɱйͷ֮ޡ
ǧ˲֮Уÿ߶Ųͣתŵ⣬뿪̫ãЩ˾ȻοԼϢ޴ϢϵΧбը𵴵ޱ𾪡ΧĿռҲǸӾҵĲš
ӴϢȻɿռ䴫֮Զڵ˶ܸܵռ䴫Ϣƺ˵ؿסһʯͷһޱȵѡ
⣬ĵŵӻһۣԶ˶Էеľ
ʦ֣ӴǺ˲ӵеģһʿ
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ôĥĥô£ҪǲȥĻԼһȥǸʦ׺ݵĺ
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Щڨڨı죬Ÿоԡ˫֮кâһס죬Ҷֵѵ
ױϾͳ˷֮ô꣬Դ档Χ˲ѻȸš
Ҷһ߳ȥ϶Уڻûصʱ򣬾ίһ°ɣ
ʲôʯվڷ֮ίô꣬ʲôĿûԹҶֵ㾡˵Ϳԣ
ҶƵ˵ͷίҵСǧڴһʱ䣬ȵΪѰ˺õİصٳҲ٣ǸоΣ
Χ˵˵ͷҲûԵ
Ҷ͵һ֣ϢѿֵĲϳͻȻ飬һ͵شӳҫ۾
ҶƵСǧһһ֮չƪ
ǧûӵôŶҶƵСǧ֮УΧռҲʱû֮ǰ𵴡
濸ס͸ʯ棬ĸȻЩ֮еĺῪֵʱҲٲǡǴĲ뿪ҶƣԲûнСǧ֮С
һӦóıߣüͷţȻҲоǧûһȥ
ȥȰɣҶйâ˸ޱȵ
ȣ
ȣ
ʯһۣԶ˶ԷеĲ˼顣˲ôޱȽôܻ˺ƽ˵Ը⣬Ը⣬ҲҰ
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˿ĭЩļµĿҶơ
ͻȻһž⣬ôˣڵݿʹֲô϶


394 ֵ黳
ҶЦЦ˵ʲôȴֱüͷ˳߸ˣĸˣʵǳ΢ڳתתңûκв
ŶҶüëȻǾͲĺˣ
ʯҲ˷ܵĵ˵ͷҲǳûԼͨ¾ˣȻһɲ㷢ŭȻԶôҲʮġ
˾ôվ֮У˫ƺܹռһ㡣
ĵӰĴӴٶȷɿ졣
Ƿĸˣĸȴûзǡʵһ˵ʵҪĸǿĸȻûܹǿĸԶ
ǵţҶһ㶣漴һ˿֮ɫλЩ˾Σ
ʼ磬ʾ̶ֳȵ˺ȤȻҶƷˣʯҲûʲô˵ģҲǵ˵ͷ˿ȥ
ҶĶЩˣ˲ǰ֮У𵴵ǰһѡ
ԶĸʿͣΪǸʦֵȥǰ濴Ϊʲô˰ǲʲô鷢ˡ
ʿǸĸߴһʦΪʲôȥһ̽
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Ҫ˲ɣʦֵһãȻôѡˣʦҲΪѵڻȪ·һ̣
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֮ĿԴ춫ǴĶûκǡ͸ϰòȫĴһ㣬ֻно裬ſԸĶǡ
ȻӵųԽתʵŵĳ˳
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ҧҲǳǵʵȻΪǿһʿһѾһȭؿڣһѪ嵹˳ȥ
СǸĸߴʿŭһͬʱ˫һ𣬿͵֮ƽΧһӴϢֱǰֱӱƷɣ䱾˸һתٿΧʱ䷨һȥ
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ȭͷݺݵĻǰˡ
ͣ
һ죬һѪӿܶŨѪζһͷ­߸ߵķ
Ҷƴռڻ߳ǱԼɱʿмתԴ
˾þûиеĹɵɻ̧ԴȴǰѾʧ
òŵĿ⿴ԶǸʿȴѾһͷʬ塣ͷʬԱأŵĺӣôϤ
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СģһŲĴȴĸߴʿкԶҶһ˲¶һɲŵɫ͵תͷԴ
磬磬磡Ҷ߬ȭͷеıһȫΪУеֻǹ㷢ֵ黳
ûơ
Ҷƴ̤Ŀĸ˲ӵһδһһоڲС
ĸ˼ĵӯȻδֵȴһ̶ûиı䣡
ãҶƲŴʧ̬֮лָ˲۽ǵỨЦǿˣ
ƹЦСģȻܹһɱʵԶԶĽ˰Ժܸˣ
ʲôҶЦЦɫֱЩ磬ޱ


395 
һЩһģȥֵ˻ɩӸѩޱڵ֮пޣǸĴ
ޱҶһ󼤶δڵõѩޱϢô˫ȭ߬Ľأ˫֮˸ż֮ɫ
費Ǹˡţе˶ǽֵ֮ǿˣƷŭ
ʲôţֵǲ׼ȥˣȰɩӸѩޱӳҲüͷ
ҶƵ˵ͷǿ϶ģ㲻˵Ҳôǿ϶ȥģҵȰǰٺãȥǽӻǾ͸һɣҪԼ齨һ֧
͵һȭͷЩļٵģ֮齨Ƿǳѵô
Ȼˣǰ͸¶һ£ǵɲħŻߵŶҶƹһЦƺٴһƴ½ֵܼӴЦ
ˣȻֵܣҲ˵ʲôȻСôĳɼôֵҲֵڣƵ˵ͷоο֮ɫ
߰ɣĪǵȼˣҶƶ˵
Ŀ棬׵ǧ⣬ҶƵӰԼŴʿȻһɻ󣬵ǻûнɻ¶
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ʯȴûвֻǸо⴦ƽԭЩֵֹģȴƽԭǻþôһ˵Ȼ
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˵ţҶ˫͵ɢŲõĽɫԣ͵֮г˺ѿȥСǧ˲չǰ
ԳˣҶƶڶߵ
˿Ǳﻵˣڷ֮ɵϰһʱĲˣҶǰȴòȥԵһֻֻ
ҶƵĺһ¡һ³ӿǧ˻˲ռΧɭ֡
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Ҷ͵Ծһôǡȣ
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˲ž˴۵Сۡ
һֱԶһŵľأǿ뽾˭û֮֮вιۡЩ˸𺳲ѣٳٵ˵


396 Ӱ峤
ԶͻȻһʵĺУӴ֮𳹵зţһܡƺֱͻ˵ĶĤԺ֮һļʹ
һЩʵС֮˾Ȼֱӵ˺ЩһѪ˳
Ҷưڴ֮ϣҰɣң
ΪۿԿʵԶԶĴԶǸСڵƺҲһ㣬Ѹٵĳ߷
Х紵ͷƶֵԶôͻȻ˵۵ףڷڿУصıϢ羪һ㡣
ʹˣˣҰըľףΧһ𵴡
ûңһҵѡҶЩǸϾǧ˿ɲʲôСĿ֮ǰûдкóȻĴҪ֪ǶʮֲðģʹԼʹˣҲܸоЩס
ˡֱԣʹЩ࡭ҰصɤŹЦûʲôȻ࣬ʹѵķϣ廹ǷǳݵĿԽɵģռʮִ󡣡
Ҷεĵ˵ͷ
ȻˣǾɡȥ峤ˣȻǰŵطסµġҰƵף͵һչڷ˿УƺΧˡ
Ҷһ³գΧҷĿдˬһХҰĲ׷ȥ
漸ǧҲĦȭƵĸȥۼһֻĻǲ࣡οǶԼôѺõƽ붼ġ
ǧ˺ƺƵķ֮УּħŵŶòġΪ׳ۣʹһЩҲ̽Դ
ЩҲûȵģȻԵ治ѣϵָָ㣬һԵЩִˣϾԼĵ̣ҲʲôľٶԭЩĵҶҲ
濿ҶıӰһɻ󡣵һμʱֻһħŵͨӶѣʵҲһĳת֮ףڶʵû̫仯
ֱڷ֮صĵĴҶֱӻΪ֮صף֮ǰǸ¶ħͨӣԾˡΪҶƵʵȻҲǽ˳ת֮ס
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ֻһͨħŵӣôΪʲôôѺõĹϵΪʹˡ
һжһţ濶ҶƵ֪˷
ߵ峤ɽ֮ǰҰʾ⣬ͣҶƸϽļǧ˵ͣȲҪż
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ҽȥͨ峤һҰҲӣҡһ仯Ϊһĸߴò࣬С
峤ˣҰȻΪ壬ôĻ𵴵ɽΪ֮һ
£洫һϵ峤
Ӱѣ˻ûй˵ϽӻʱһԳĬԵͻȻȵҶƸҰһ
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ҰסˣȻֱ峤˵⡭
ӣͻôӰһ۾ͿȺ֮еףҲԵķ̵
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ȻǿǶˣһ˿֮ɫӰЦЦ
ӰҲǵ˵ͷͬӵ˵ı͵ؽס૵㲻һֱط֮ôôܳôˡ
ӰĿɨǼǧߣβסԼȻԤԤԵǸˣˣ
ûһָҶƵ
ʲôӰɴ۾˼ĿҶơ
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Ӧʹ˰ɣɣǡҲǷ֮صһԤԵǸָҶƣֶһ˿Ц⡣
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֪֮صʵȻȫת˳ôһսӭǰɣ


397 
ϾħŸſ㶦ƣϲ̨档ǲεǿġ
Ҷƶ峤峤ˣҸطһЩһи뷨
úúãҵɽɣҰȥЩȥҵطмǵסڣκ˴ǣӰЩ꣬ƺȲһ㡣
ӣҶӰ붴ڣҶֳŸʯʹ˸ɫҲ˽ʵҶƱŽ濻λֵأǱϾ۹¡ǹ˽˽˽ҪֿҶûнǡ
ĸһɽʯȻʵǿǳת֮ף˭Ҳûô峤ɽ֮УлЩġ
Χһ޴ԲӰʹˣ˵ʲô˵ľͿԡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˫סħŵǿƣͷѡǺǻ¡ȻҪչҲ£ΪʲôԼһǶԿأ
˼ǡӰɵ
Զһ壬ǧߣ㹻ôҶȻģȴ˼ʯӡ
ӰһȣǰҶô˵ĻԶһǿʵǧߵļʵмô齨һµȷûʲôѵġҴ滹ҪԶԶʤħŸš
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Ӱĺƺʲôסһ㣬ԭʵɤӣ˿̱øӵܣŻȼյĸжȴô׾µġ
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⻹ʲôֵԥأѵҶŲôӵЩõ
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ãĵ˵ͷӦȨķԼЩߵĹˡˡָָʯ죬еٮٮߣת֮ףħŸ֮ҲǳϼʵңҵʵӦĺܣ
Ӱ⻹ʲô÷ģȫʹ˵İţʹȻԣ
ޱĵ˵ͷˣ
Ҷ˼ħŵǿƣ©ϢĻƱҪܵĹʱҷֻڼз棬ʱԵıҪܡֵ飬ҶȷںʱҲûа취ʲôԵķĿǰΨһľǵȴȵȫʱʱǾǴ
˶٣Ҷƽŵûκһ֪ǵĴڣҲûκһ˻壬Ҳֻ㵽ħŸţܼ㵽ǵġǵĳ־ͻʹʤƽһбȥ
ȻҸ˸ħź͵֮еЩԹڴս֮ǰǿ϶ģսģҺҲԴֹΪأǾͷİɣ
ĿǰӦʲôӰʵ
Ҷƺǿ϶Ҫľݷȫ汬սʱ򣬾ֵⷽʱڴ֮䣬ǧҪ߳ȣϾ֮лǱȽϰȫġ
֮У϶ܱ֤ǵİȫ㹻ΣӰͷ㣬Ųɵġ


398 ֮
ȨķҶ°͵Ӱ峤µЩɣⷽҿɲóϵְԭЩ峤ϣɸǳϵλðɡӣΪǵܻһʯˡǲΪһҪϺԼŶӣԡɱ¾ššΪŶӸһҪƱسΪǵĴɱģ
ʯĶѪڣԼԼһȾͷӿҲ׳嶯ˣҶƵĻǷĵ׵һ嶯ƺٴαȼѪ
ûиأͻȻѵ
ҶƻȻԴ¶һ˿Ǹ΢ЦͽӰ峤ɣ
ӰæҡͷܾҿɸɲЩʹԼɣ
ҶƹһЦ漴˼ǼȻǷ֮صķ߸Զһɵͽ֮Σ
֮𣿡˶¶˼ӣ۹һֱİ
֣ͽ֮𣡡

ǧ˶ѾСǧ绹ģ㹻ǺܿԣȥԭƢҲòĹһԶǰû˸ҷ
ҲѾɢȥԶһ峹ںЩߣΪ֮
ҶӰҪȥʱ򣬽סȶ˵˹顣ΪȻѾϣ֮ԴѾˣԱҪָ֮ԴȻܹµ֮С
ӰƾǿֶΣӲĴԼ֮Դ֮аһ֣Ȼעڣ֮ԴҲڲϵĻָšΪӰĸףΪ׽ѪԵϵԻָҲʮֵס
ӰһҵУҶȴȥХ۰סӰıԴԴϵĽɫôӰڣոʧȥ֮ԴӰҲĻָ˹޲̾۵İ֮
ҶƵ̨֮УҶΪ֮ڣһʱӦµ壬ܿʹһ˳Եô޾ףĻë׶̲סҪѪ
Ҷƿΰ˫壬һ𾪣Ʋһ㡣
տʼĳŵڽն֣ڰ鴴µ壬ػҶƸоѹԼϵĵ࣬ɵ̾һ
ӰЩƣ͵ӣҶĲȥ鷳ˣǶڳɶ˼ȴôֻӲͷƤȥӰǰһ飬ϣͨӰͨˣûʲôõİ취
ϵǣӰȻˬĴӦҶƵҪ󣬴ҶߵһƬտĵطʼϵ
Ӵ֮ϵĴӳҫܶЩͣռȻ飬˶Ŀ𾪡
ҶֻоϵƺͨأһӴĹ͵شգֲĿһӡ
֮񡭡Ӱ߶ţ˫ҲϵŷӡĲԼ嶼ЩҲôٻģ⻹ʮֺķġ
¶棡Ӱ˫֮ͻȻƯһǵ㣬֮УûǿֲĿ档һ̵Ŀɿڴ
ҶͻȻоһǿĿԺΧصѹͻȻ֣ѹ˸̧ͷѹ֮ǰħŴϵѹǿƣҲǳϤ
ѹ
һõĽɫâͻȻĻһһ޴ͷӣԴ˿̵ɴ۾Ӱһһٵ֮󱲣ٻʲô飡
ҶƿҪܲסӴѹʱͻȻӳһҵĽɫâȫµѹȫ⣬һˬԭѹʱɢ
ҶƴڵĴ˼Х治ӳĽ⣬Ȼ۵ãж˼֡
ӰԼæҶʹ˸ɫҶƵ˵ͷʾ⣬һ̤𾴵ˣҾѡʹߡٻʶĽ٣ȻһЩǽ˵飡
˵ˣ˵޷ޱȵһϣ˲¡
һѣͨɱѾú֮סˣʻûа취ҶƳϣĿ˫۵ɵôģϣа취
Ĭһᣬʹ˸ףֻҪܹﵽھת֮ףͿ˵ͨȴûκΰ취Ϊỹ޷·ȥǣ֮ƿռĽѾŬˣ


399 ҳͷ
תͿôҶ˷ܵⲻǾȳɶжѣΪܶҶƶںںǾûа취ͨĿе֪취еģֻҪﵽ֮ףͿʹ
̸֮ףӸӰǳתǿħŵţҲֻǵڰת֮׶ѣ绹û˵ܹﵽھתΪת֮˶Ѿɷˡ
νתɣˡ
ֻϧǣĿǰûа취ˣңŮ㣬һὫȻģҶаԷĵ
鷳ˣ𾴵ˣҶƼæһ
֮ͣ˵ˣϣܹһµ۷壡ڶ仰֮ӰԼԼɢ֮С
ӰһʹˣתѣҲĿǰﲻĳ̶ȣʹ˲Ҫżʼա
ţҶʯͷҲǷȥ̾һ˫Զ
ԶԶĿҶƳԼȻҲĵĻϲֻжҶƵйʣʹЩ̫ڡ
ˣ濽ǹɲѹȥƤĶҶգգ۾ӱɰˡ
ҶƵ˵ͷô߹΢΢ЦſЦ绨濣΢΢Ľ޵ӣ̲סһǹȥ
ʲôᡭ
濷ӳһģҶס֮ͣ϶ʱһƬߺ죬̵
ҶȴƤ񣬲ںЩġ˶ѾܵĽӴˣҪ˼ʲô
濼ɣҲֻ̧ԴҶȡС챻Ҷ˱ĺġ
󣡡
ֱȥãҶƲİһڣ˿濵Ҳǵͨ죬̲סķȭҶϣвϱԹʲô
ҶƴȵĹһЦһ§濣ҵŮˣһʲôԵģ
Ůˣüͷ˫ޱĶҶƵ۾һһٵ˵ʵ㾿мŮˣ
Ҷƺסˣԭ˫֮˸ŵļѾȥЩȻ
˵ĶԣҲӦⷽʲôҶƳĬһᣬĿ濣һһٵ
һŮڵţѾΪˡһŮˣȥȡǸһʼߵģϹҵŮˣҲԳ֮Ϊĸɣ˵ҶоȻ˿˿ʡ
ԶʴһֵӰƺ֮Ưţߣ˫֮оȻ¶һ˿жɫ顭
û뵽ʹоȻһֱҡǳһЦ⡭
ô˵Ůˣ濶ĿҶƣûκα飬Ҳ޷²ʱ˿̵顣
ûҶƱ۾̾һҲ֪ܷܣеκһ˶ģ޷ΪκһˣҲ޷Ϊ㣬ǶŮˡ
û˵ֻ˫ϸĶҶƵ˫ۣûпκεƭеֻ޾̹ϡ
Ҷƺоÿһÿһ붼ޱȵļ尾ѾԼһи濣ͿܲܽԼ˵ʵĺ濾ܾԼĻĲ֪ôźá
濱۾۽ëϵĲƺһҪľһ㣬ˣô
ʲôҶһ㶣æ׷ʵ
ΪӵǿʵͿĺΪͿȢŮˣջŮ˵ķģⲻ˵ͨǶ˽ģԼϲŮ˱ȾָҸҲǾûпǹǵĸܡˣȻ䲻󣬵ȴޱȵ졣
ܡǰɣò˵˵ĺеһѪָ˳ҶҲЩ졣òϡ
ԡҾֻý㿩ͻȻЦƤıסҶƵֱۣޱȿɰ
ʲʲôҶһ㶣ûдӸղŵ֮зӦͱ˲ľϲͷԡ
Ȼ˶ģһʲôأ˭ôϲأҾֻ˳㿩Сƺһ˿˷ܸá
Ҫǣ㶼Ѿ˼ҡǸˣ˼Ҳ㻹ô졭˵ĽͷҶƵû֮Уޱ۵
Ҷ˲оޱ޼ʵҸ֮нԼΧԭŵĸо˲ʧЦݵĽ濱ڻУҵ濣һúðġ
濺̧ͷҶһڣƤߣٸҶҲãôҾͳͷ㣡
ôͷҶɻ
ɫһ˿ߺ죬ȭҶƵؿڣ̵ߣˡɫǣǳͷ



400 ɰ
뿪Ѿ˺üʱ䣬ҶƸ濲ϵĳʻţҲĿĵĲ֪ȥһܹо޾ۣů顣
ҲҪһǱӰֹסˣֻĴ֮ơֵܣԼѡУǵʵʵ̫ˣǴսʼҲǰﲻʲôæġҲ˷ѣʵʵĴ֮õԼˮƽ
һ޼ʵĴգҶипǧĿԼ˫֣ӷ絽磬һ·һֱɱ¾жȹ֪ڵĳҿȴ΢ϡҵԾɲ㣬ħŸţδ֪壬֮ʵֻԼĸʵô統ĳһ㣬һĴڡ
ΣҲõĽ˼̤һеʱٻ׸ź壬˿̹۲쳤ʿ֮ǰҼǵ˵˵г֮⣬ûʲôǲսʤģߡ
һˣҶ¶м֮ɫ죿дû죬Ҫһ졯䵱ɫ
˲䣬Ҷбų˵Ľɫâɽ͸ľı仯ͬʹת䣬뷨ͬʱͷճ󶯵仯ֻƽȥ
ƺԱҶƵæɻѯʣȴҶЦŰ˰ιȥ
ûʲôֻǰһЩˡҶ΢΢һЦȴޱȾڸոյı仯ѵС족ĴڣֻҪԼͷͨƱҪܵǴô
ߣ죬ΪôҶɫٴΧһŤ
뷨ȥҶƿ߿ɰ濣Ҳ¶һ˿֮⣺濣Ҹ㿴һСһϲģ
ʲô濵˫۶гҶƵֱ۲ϵҡΡ
ҶˢڿдԼСǧ磬͵̽Уͬ̽ȡһ㽫̫Ц
̫ǰŻ̫ǵͷͬС׵ӣһ⣬Σ
ģȻѾ˵ĲХǣ濲ǼʶĴҹ㣬һ۱ϳ˻̫ǵ̫ôԼҲǽİͷ­
ϲȥԣҶ͵ؿȥ档̫࣬ҷ
Ȼ۸̫ǵؽлš
Ҷƽ͵ŵԼǰ£˫ִӺϸ֫п
ʲôСǡôﰡЦ§Ż̫ǵĲӣŻ̫ϸëϲȥȻޱȵ
㿪ľͺðҶƵ˵ͷ
ݣ˫͵һл̫ǵ壬һ̫ȴûжԴſڵֱߺߡ
ôᣬһ㶼棡濾ͣԹޱȵĿɰ
Ҷɫһڣ˸ŲõĽ⣬ڻ̫ϡһ£е𣡡
໣
̫ɫһ䣬͵س֮ϴ𣬾ҵʹһͬʱҲ˷ܵĿЦ
棬㣬ٿ㣡濲ϵĴߴŻ̫ǣƺٴһͯͯȤ
ҶҲǳ͵Ŀ濴˿ı飬Ц绨ԼҲʮ㡣
ʲôȿԼŮ˿ĸгɾ͸е
̫˲ϵĳȥٶȷɿ첻һ޿ԱġϾ̫ǿѾ˵վʳ˵ĴڣԶͬˡ
ԶԶĿһϼĳǳأҶƻû˵濾;ľĸš
˳ΪǣϹʱлڴ
ҲǸԶһεޣʵǿ
ڽȼҹաʧƲûл𣬷ʹĴ˳ǻޱȣһĳǿ߶ҿȥˣȻ¶Ȳ統ǰֲϿԾɺϼ죬ͬΪΪ׳ۡ
ȻԢ⣡ҶƵ˵ͷ¶һ˿
һǣ濾ɫľҶ˲Ϊ˽㡣ӵòŮޣǶĽҲĽġ
ͻȻʿۼ⣬ϳ˲ХǵݣæȻѾ˵ĲХǣ
˽Լ̫Ǹ߰Դм˸Ϣ
ҶƸӳĿĶ˶²ݣյóۣûдŵİҲûдħŵĺۣôһλҵĹӣ


401 
Ҷȴûô࣬ڳпڶʿɫҴҵһȥ֮һʿ
λѣпд·ô˶һۼ
ʿһ㲻ǲμӹűģȰ㻹뿪ǽջһʮһεʢᣬʱʲôﶼ֣ܳĸҲ࣬һǵħŻߵŵˣֱڿӰԼ˾С
Ҷһü벻һССĳǳصĹűʢħŵȻﶼˣгֵıѰ֣ΪʲôȥһأҲûô
ǳ֮кҪһϵᣬĿҲȷȥո֣˵ܼ񵽱ΣҶƵ濶ߵ
濱ҶƱǿ֮ûһǺܿľӦ˹ЩŤðȥҲá
šҶƵ˵ͷ濵֮ͬƺĶ־ڷ֮صɱ¾ֻǿθСˣѾĳת֮ˣЩķҲʱʩչˡ
ȻҪȫǺĵġڵʵֻҪתǿߣ첻ʲôв˳תǿߣ򲻹ҲߣҪߣûһּΪԸΪʵԸ
ҶƲԸ̫Խ̫ѸԼСǧ統Сϵĳǰšܿһ˸ƣһĻеĽǰһңַۡ
ð֣治֪ⱳķȻԾӡҶǿң̾һ
ʱ⽨ۼ˲ٵʿ˵հֵģڶĳͨʿԣһҲֵԺˡ
쿴ϹټҵˡҶƻȺУͻȻ˴һɲŤͷȥһ߻һ
ϹټңҼǵɱϹٲ߾Ϲټҵ˳λ̳ˡҲϹټҵļ̳ˣϹٲˣҶƿǸƮӣ
ȻʵףҲǳת֮׶ѣҶ˵ǲֵһᣬһָͿѹˡ
ҶҪעĶħŸŵĳϼǿߣһЩˣҲҪµˡϾһΪͨ죬Ȼη塣
ܿ죬˾Ƿԭҵˡ
Զԭһ߻͸ƮݵϢҫķ緶ԡ
ԭԱߵߵӿһأ߼˫ڵ滬У͸֮ĵϣһλת۷ĳǿߣͶȻ
ҶưһЦֻһֻֻСϺ׶ѣħŸŵĴʲôʱ򵽡
ҶΪħŸȻﲻʱͻȻȺ֮дһȣħŵˣ
Ҷƻһ飬æתͷȥһȺ̤յĺˣΪ׵˾Ȼųϵı־
ҶƵ۾Ǹϣʱޱ޼ʵķŭΪƲסԼľ賤ϣǾ賤ϣɶͲȻдϹ
ߣԩ·խû뵽賤ϻ
Ҷƺţ賤ͬΪת֮ףĹ֮϶ҪȾ賤ϸ߳һϾѾĸϵʵ¡Ҫ֪ħҲֻһϵѡ
ϹգڣҶ˫֮бɭȻֱɱܻᶮ̣ԼӰܺõȺ֮С
ԭλϵж˼ŤͷȥǡĿ䵽Ҷϵʱȴֶɱܴûпѯʡ
ĿһϣҶûмɿԸоõǿƺ賤ϲ¡
λΪ׵һȺħʿôư֮УкҲһȴû˸˵ʲôŵʿҲǲͷ͵˿档̬Ⱦͺñһֻһ㡣
û뵽ħžȻλϣֱʰ
ȻħˣôŵӦҲԶ˰ɣҶĿЩǵɨܣϣҵŵˡ
Լһʱ䣬ԶֳһǳâҶ͵۾â֮ٸоǿĲԼơ
һȺƮƮʿ̤նǵŵĵӡΪλɷǣ׷ޣеõ˵ʡһȺҲǿŮɫׯ¡


402 ŵĹ
ߣװģҶƲмƲƲ졣ȺòȻαӣҲһ˿һȤûеġ
֮еҲûдˣֱԼ˽ȥΧĵҲûǡһǧ֮ı߰ģʹΧҲǺ޲ýԼȥ
ֱ󳬼߽ΧЩҸҲ߽ȥǸ󳬼ͲһϵģݵλҲܴ
Χ˲ϵĳӿȥҶܴһ£ȷûԼˣŴӿռָ֮濻
ⶫ㻹ô濵Ҷƶߵ˵ŻָָҶϵ
ҶһȻǻͳһ濣Ҫⶫʲôѵˣ
š濲źۼĵ˵ͷԼǵòס
߽ǰδӽһ۴һס˵·
ʲôģ۾ѸɨҶƵҶڷĺۣδκݵĻ¸񻨡ͨûκαġ
ﻹʲôȻҪμӹűҶ̧ͷмƳһۣ˵űҪڡ
̰ɫɨһ濵壬Ȼסǰ͹̵Ļܹ˵̰ġ
վסƾҲμĹűҲԼʲôԣĲǴ̺ͳңЩоԶĴţħŸȻһҰСҲ֣ķ
Ҷüͷһ壬һŵľȻŵȳ̶ȣԷת֮ףʵᣬ۶һۼȥ
ߣҶ޹ǵС֣ƺȫ˵˿
ߣ
Ҷӵ̬˴ŭ͵һֱۣѸٵĶҶһץȥָڿлƿһХҶƺݺݴȥ
Ҷƶһץ·ûпǻɶԷץڼͷϡ
ߣ֮ǰ͸Ϊһʲôž޵֣ԭǸװģΪķɣ㲻ʢ˵
ҲҶһЦ˳ҲôץԼļһһٵڷֻüǵҲˣ
ɫһºŭҧгݣݺݵȥ
˾鷢ˣԭҲܹΪɻҵȻҶƼͷûκθоͬǼӲĸΡ벻
ſҶƾվԭأͷûлأͬ꺮һɢϢ߲
һʶıҪֺˣ漴бųһĨ⣬Լ㱻Ҷһˣɱһ𣺡Ȼвңҿǻòͷˣ
ָӿҪҶƵļͷץѡ
䣡
ͻȻҶһſֲϢͬ˯бѵԶޣ˲ˣŽ̲ģ
Ҷƻµһ˵ָѣҽŵ˿˫ֻ۾͸ޱȾ֮ɫ
ҶƿҲ͵ؾһƳȹȥֻһ죬һͷѵѾԶԶķ˳ȥѪȻѾ͸ˡ
һɱˣҶƲûʲôоڷ֮͵ɱ֮ģѾܹܺõĿԼɱˣԲʲô߻ħ顣
֮Уһ߽ҶλСѣ󲻽ӴͨˣƷ
Ҷ濣ҡͷһЦ³ŹűǴѵʱô
оһμӹűһ֮ˣˡϷ׾δϳСѵ֪СѾǺηʥ
Ҷܸоĳ߱ǸʶҪࡣҲ˵ЩɵЦһС䣬мõóֵĶڽո֮üǮ
Ŷ֪ʲôɷóϷһƣ߲ΪʵűÿʮһΣÿνԾۼڶ챦ݣͼȵȡ߼ıǲ֪ΣɲΪһͻȻðСӣʲôֵǮĶ
Ҷִӿռָ֮һƵĹ˿ҡҡͷ̾Ϣʲôöһʥѡ
߲㱻ҶƮȻĻҭʥɲô׾ܼģֻͨгת֮ϵǿ߲ʸУȻϢһ©ȥͱˡ
ѹҶҡͷ̾Ϣ


403 ҩƴ
ѹȻʦӲɳӮģ͸ҶƣҶת͸˳ɶֻɶҲòˡ
⡭⡭ߵ͹ܹȥһֻȭͷŵľ޴˫֮оǲ˼ɫ
ҲûмʥֻЩʥһСԼݣȻޱȽ˽ϵǡмֱӴֵó˿ϵˣ
ⱾʥȻ󣬵ʸȴ㹻˰ɣҶ΢΢Ц
ȻȻСѣ룡߶ҶƵ̬ȸӹ˼֣ӶҶһ֡
ҶҲưĵ˵ͷ濵־ô߽ȥ
ۣȻʥŪģСҶƶߵͬʱϸĴΧ
ϲˣҶν
ңһ㶣æ˰֣ҲŲҪأ͸ˣǾûпĶˣǾͻᱻ˼Ҹϳȥأ
̬Ҷƿһҡҡͷ§濵֫ʲôЦҵı˭ǣǰĻ
ҸҶƻС
һƵĴڣֵ˲䣬ٵĿ⳯ڵ˶ڿͻȻֵˡ
ҶƸ濺ƺںһ㣬ҵһλȥǿԼĿġ
賤΢΢һüܸоԼЩϤ벻˭ʵԴҲ֪˾ѾԼ֮صǸɵҶƵġΪҶܹڷ֮ڻų
ڽ֮УһǿĳķĿǰѾһߵļ۸񣬲ҶƶȴǺȤܹʤκһˣʹеķ
ҶҲǲҪκεķƾǿǡ
ֵҶƵʱֻνĽѹӵϣǷ̬·ⲻһʥһ԰ײһ㡣
ʥѹҪҩҶƵ

һʥе˶æȻħŸŵĴҲüͷ
ѹѵǲɳϵʥôħһü
賤һ˿ɫûֻǲ֪ɳϵʥΪʲô֣֮
ǱߵϻһۣǸоⱾʥԼҪƱõ֣ԼʵҲһԾ
ǵöȥҫ֮龰ԽǸӵʵʹӵǿ͡һ⻹λȻһηԡ
Ǽͳ̶ȵôҶʼ磬˵ʵֵҩϡΪ塶֮е㹻ʤĵҩˡ
賤к͵֮Դ壬ʹǿҪκεļӳɾܹȭƿռ䣡
͵ȻǱȹǵǿ˲ֹһΣô͵ñȷһһµ̨ס
ⵤҩҶ˵ǼޱȣʲôǿĵҩʤѪô
мҡҡͷҶûκα̬
Աߵ濽ĽԼҶϣŶ
ħŸžȻʥҲ˻֮ǰǽΪΪûг֣˿Ե̨ûô۵ȥһ֣
ʵ֣ҲûǸʵ
ħŸŵĳϻţԶӶԷпҵս⡣
ߣһһٴγӼ۵鵤ö֮ʹٶȼӿһ׷ɱزȱĶ
Ҷüë֮ǰֵҩ鵤˵õġ֪Ȿʥļֵֻö鵤ġ
賤ɱϻʼһö֮˲ǿǧΪʲôûõ鵤Ҫǧ򱶣
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408 
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ĳ֣ҶƵٶȱй֮޲һȭǧӰʱ䷨ƿأݺݵĺ˾賤ϵؿڣ
ֻһ죬賤ϵͺñȶߵķһݺݵĳԶȥδȥһѪɷס
ҶӰ˲ʧһô˾賤ϵͷ״±ǿҵĽΧţ˿һ۶һ£ӴĽķΣȫۼ棬Ϊһƣݺݵĳ·賤
ƻδǿƾѾھ賤һȦȦĲƣϢȥضнĲš
ȥɣ
Ҷ͵شһƺݺݵѹȥռʱˣһȦϢֵۿɼԶԶ˳ȥΧҲ𵴲ѡ
ҶȴͻȻüͷоԼһƣˣ
͵һͷ־賤ŭվԼ˸Ӵ˴ĵ׸еηƣҶתɵĿ
Ϊֱڣ賤ϲŷʵ
һƽս

賤ԶԶĿǺˣƺоѾûбҪ׷ȥǧ̽ȥֻڿ͵״СǺһץȥ
ͻȻͻϮǺ˺Ͳһ㣬ԶԶķԾ˳ȥԭŵĿռ˲䱻һķ顣
Ǻƺ賤ϵͼתͷЦ̶
ĶҿԸȫʬ賤ԸԼǿʵȻ˫ֱֵӳв
ƺʲôЦЦЦĶȥˣ漴͵ֱͦһĹֺ𣬵롭ҵĶ
˵ţ͵ؽĶ賤ϡ賤ƺǿʲô˼ĶԵ˺Щ΢΢Ĳţ־˵
㡭ǡ


410 
֮賤ô𾪣ΪĶĿͣ˺˱¶ڿ֮е棬вĲ
оԼ౻һֺֻݺݵסˣϢͷͽȻ¶һԾСһ㡣
Ϊʲôô𾪣
ǸͲһ
ǺǰǼǺںڵһԲΣֻɺɫ۾Ƕ֮У̰ɨǰһСз֣һ󵨲ļ¡Ƿ˸˭ҧһڵĻֱ롣
㲻ǡˡ賤Ҳո˵󣬺ܿķӦ˹Ȼ廹ЩܿƵĲܹԼˣٷӳôҡ
ûҵȷˣЩһָͷܴСѿ˵ţҲҪ˼ʲôΪΧạ̊́⽫賤ģԳҲӵ޼ɵ
賤Ժ֮Ѹٵһһͷ˵ʵݾʲô
Ժ֮Уһһ뷨ųֻʣһһ뵽ŵԼһ亹
ģǾֻһǾ壡
賤ϵֻж̶̵ǧ֮꣬ǰϹʱڵݺû̫֪ǴӹżǰǵĽ棬ܺõ˽⵽˻С塱ôһµ壡
ȥԶһ֮ǿȻ൫Ҳ㲻ϡ٣ֲִϹʱħһڶԿĹ֮оȻֱӱһֻӲԴ
˵Ҳǳת֮ףȻͨ޵УջǱӽ壬Ȼ󱯾ʹ˲廹̫ˣӴͨϣû̫;Լܵʱ䡣
ӴԺǿƾ˵˻ԴϹʱ޸һ֣¹˭δ֪
겻壬Ȼٴγˣ
賤ϵƺӴĿ־֣֮ͬһƯ棬ԭܷӳʮʵҲΪֿ־ֻܷӳ߳ɡ
壡賤ϼѵһĭ˻
û壡ϾҪ磬磬𣬶ģͷ͵ؽĺ˺ѿ¶ǿؼһʯһӲ
ˡ
ͷ˾ȻݺݵôԼؿڣ˫֮еɺ֮ɫһֲ
ûκһ㣬賤˫˲Ӵƣͬʱſǰ죬һֻƿΧĿռ䷨һֻƿΧʱ䷨򣬿תٶͻȻͷ˵ٶ˲üġ
漴ռѿȻ죬Ӵϯռ䣬ĿռвϵŰţиΧĿռ䣬ƺҪΧĿռ䶼иɷĩһ㡣
ͷ˻Ļһ壬͵ŤŤһǰɡͷ˵ĹͷһĴ졣
һռѷնͷ˵棬ȴǼ͵ؼһ׺۶ѣ֮ҲûκεЧá
ಣ
ϯţȴͷһ˿һ˺ȻΧʱ䷨򼫴ͷ˵ĻٶȣȻûκ;
͵ڵһܣĺɫһݺݵĳ֮ϴ˳ȥֻΧռһݵ뿪Ƭռ䣬Ƭռ֮ڶʱû˿֧ռļ˲ȥ
ͷɫһȭ賤ϸջȥһǿ𵴲ͻȻ𵴵ռ䶼˲ظ֨ѽ
賤ϱɾ紵ۣæ˫ֻǰһûľ޴Ӱ赲ǰͨ
Ӱ˲ʵһ㣬ܺõڵסͷ˵ֻȭͷ
¡
ȭͷĥһݺݵĺ俪˿ռ䣬ʱһ޴ĿռѷԳռŰţ̵
賤ϼ˲жϳԼͷ˵Ķ֣ͷҲǳҵʵΪʲôԼͨûһЧأѵͬ˵嵶ǹ룿
Ҳţ賤ϷһĵŭƺǼԼѾЩ˵飬˫͵֮һһСǧͻȻӴݺݵѹͷˡ
СǧȻСҲǽ֮׵ǿ߹ʱһֶΡСǧɢǿѹܹʹо˶ƺҪһ㡣
ͷƺԴźܺõĵֿµĺɫëֱ˸ɺɫѪĹâһͷ˺ܾõǡ


411 
ôʵҲ˶ѣͷѸһ˿ɺɫĹʣ΢΢ĸȥһֻĶǣ׼ʱһ׼
ˣ賤ƺǱͷ˵仰̼ˣŭԺ֮һţͷһԵķŭǻ֮š
˵ʵħų֮ģҲ׵ġô˵ҲΪ֮𣬺ʱܹ裿һأˡ
Ǿ㿴ⲻ˵νѹģ賤˲ӿռָ֮һǿķɽڿдĻӰնɱͷ˵塣
ռʱⷨɽĿѣһӳ߿ռ飬ɾ䣡
ƺǶԼԸһ㣬ͷ͵̤ǰһֻúǵλɽǱɽУʹһܶ˫֮ӿ޴ǷɽϵĲţǾѲá
賤ϴŭеĿ־ƺǻ֮㷢ķŭѹ˳ȥ˫͵һӣݺݵĳѹȥ

ͷ˸о˷ɽ̺ŵǿȻʹһ˵֮У˫žȻаࡣͷ˫֮еѪ֮ɫҲøӵŨͬź챦ʯһ㣬ѪͶֲֿ
𣡡
ͷɤ֮зһѹѾõķŭĺ˫˲䷢ǷɽӲţֻһҵĲ˼֣ǷȻֱӶΪء
賤һĿɿڴ֮һѪƲס˳ݻ٣˶ٵҲܵһǣû֮ǰɾĸоˡ
ͷֽǷһԣɫƵĿ賤ϣٺЦѡ
賤ƺоԼܵ˾޴һ㣬µͻȻ֮۷壬Ӵ治ϵΧӴһжΪ˷ɻҡ
Ԫһ
賤ϵ΢΢ʲôҲýģ̺һɼǿҵƺʱȥһ㡣
Ŷ
ͷȻԸǾԲɵҲ㶵ʲôԼȥֵĵزĸоĿֲ
賤һ˿ԹĹâȵȥɣ壡
ͷ˫ֽס棬˫΢΢ȥƺת˲һ̣ڷɣһֻѸ͵Ұһ賤ϳһɾײ̾Ҫչ

䣡
֮һǿײҶƸ賤ϵ͵طֿ
ҶǴһ˿ЦȻޱȣûΪղŵײҡ۾賤ϣǴһ˿ѪҲܵòᡣԭĺɫħŵѾжദѣѪܡ
òϣʵȷԽң賤һ˿Ľʺ޵ҧĸֱ죬˫ȭ߬ýģĶҶƵ
Ȼ㻹ʲô־ܡѡɱĻһһȫʬȻʬ屻ƻʲôӣҲ͹ܲˡҶ̯̯֣ޱȿ
ߣ㻹ô񣡵һеɱҵİͽɱϡ賤ϵȭͷ΢΢һ򣬺ݺݵĳǰӻȥӴƴţҶϡ
ˣ賤һ˿ϲ֮ɫϵľҪҶչǿĻȴԭЩȵıޱȱ
Ҷô࣬·ղŵĹû˺һ˿һҶ̬ȣ賤ķŭƺԼԼЩɥʧǡ
㲻Ҫ̫Ҫ֪ɽһһ죡ܷʤһδ֪賤˲һ޴ĿռλչֳӴţҵƼ˲Ҷϡ
ҶƵ˲ѹ˼ɽһ͵سһѵ̧ͷҶһ˿Цݡ
ôͽСǧչ¶˳ôȻĻҶƵͬʱ˫ѸٵĽ˸ӡӴĽ˲ֿһɸӴѹž賤ϵ񾭣Ӧٶ
ܣ賤ϷŭĴţͬСǧ磬ΪʲôҵȴȫѹƣҲţһͷ裬֮Ķħһ㡣
㲻Ҳ÷Ҷһȭ𵴶ӳɵȻǰӴĿռ˲仯Ϊޣ𵴲ѡ
賤ǿԼСǧһ޴˺Сǧ綼ڲͣĲƺܵʲôҵĳ
ƾʲô賤һ˿֮ɫ
ǾʹΪֹҶаȵһЦޱȡ


412 ޱ
賤ϷŭޱȣһΧռ䶼Х𣬺¡죬ƺΧռ䶼ޱȷŭ
ô賤ȵôǿҲɱҵģ
˵ţ賤˫һӴСǧٴǿƲϵѹҶƵ񾭣ȵҶҲòͬǿСǧȥֵ
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Сǧ粻ϵĶײţߵСǧ綼Ѹ͵ĲСǧ統еɽʯѣ֧ɢ
ɱôǾ԰ɣȣ
ҶӲĽԼЩʧȥƽСǧסȻƾǿʹСǧٴ¼Ԧ˾賤Сǧ֮ϣСǧҶƵĿƲϵɢǿƵϢ賤ϵ嶼΢΢Ĳ
𣡡
ҶƿǿһϢ˳ȥ賤ϴⲻǿᴩĤ˵ջûйᴩȴȻоԴޱȣƺһԼԼϵĳԴ
ô賤Ȼ̧ͷ˫ĿöҶƵ˫Ŀ
һ˫۾ϣɫĹâΧţҵĽ͵³ƺֱӴ̴꣬Ҳеһҵʹƽտ϶ܲġ
ǸͲϵʹǾϵģҲʹ賤ֻоԼô¶˱ǰαǧȴܶ
ĺţƺоԼʶҪˣӴĳͷĿѣܲסҶƵ
Ҷֳһ˿Ц⣬һ̤˫ȭŵһ˿Ľ⣬ӴϢ𵴵Щǳܡ̾Ҷǿʵ
Ȼ賤Щʹ࣬ǱϾʵΪô׵ıҶɱת˲䣬͵һӴĿռҶƵ塣
Ȼ۾ʱǱҶҪĶġϾķҪҶ΢ȹôһ˿
ҶûеֵҲûжܣǹɿռźԼϣʮֿЦûһ˿һ;ͺñţ뺣һܿľͳû˺סһ˿
ռŰҶ΢΢Цſž賤ϣûһ˿һƣǾ賤ϣΪľʹʹ˾Щʧ
ģ
賤ѸȶԼһƺΧ֮Уǹĸоٴ
Զǧ⣬Ϊ˲ҶƵսѾ˳Զһ˫еҶɨţûзֵǣҶƾȻôǿֻǸոսתȴѾڳת˰ľ賤ϸӵǿơ
ˣ¶ţ
̾һ΢ЩŭĿž賤ϣͷҲǴܱҶƳã
ҶƱһ˫עţ˶ЩѪµ鶼ļ˳˷쳣
䣡
ӴһһŵĺȥҶ˷ܵĴСǹɴƿռĿУڷ֮ذûܵġȻҪúõĻӻһ
Ǿ賤Ͼ֮ͬеһҶһ㣬ӴҼʱз̵ΣաȻ½Сġ
ٴײ˴ʱľһҶƶЩϢǿȸ߸ɵե֭ԼҶƶеһ˿Ӧ
賤ϵĴӵΣգʱпܱҶնɱСǧҲҶƵСǧȫѹƣҲҶƵȫѹơ
Ϊ˲ͬ賤΢ʤҶһɱ֮Ҷ˦˾賤Ϻü֡
кܶû¶أϵ䣬Լһаħһ
аħһҶȻǲ׵ʹõģֻһʹԶǧħܹĸоϢҶ˵ǷǳΣյġ
ħûиоһ賤ϵаħұۣʲôطϢȥôҶǳԲ˶ߡ
ʹЩƣҶҲܹȫʤ賤ϡϾͲ֪Ⱦ賤ǿ˶ٱ
һֱϵĲࡣ
Ҷƺ಻ȥĲһ˿ᷳ΢΢˸žӨɫâ䵽˼¶һϵĺëֱ
䣬⾿ʲô賤ϵɴ۾ƺҶƵ澧Ө͸ɫâоһ˿ΣգܹвԼȫһΣգȫǱʶ֮зġ
Ҷ˫Ŀһߵ֮£Ҳˣ
ǡ賤ۿҶƽһűɫĹâȥֵĺеϴ


413 һ
Ϊʲô賤ϻ𾪣ΪϵνǸһҪĶħҲӵһϵֶǿ
ЩҲӵһʥѣϵ붼롣
ҶƾȻܹϵþ賤ôܲԾ
ǳԾҲˣҶƵֻӻȥ¶ȼ͵ıɫ˲ͽ賤ϵ嶳棬漴壬վ賤˻һڿצš
Ȼϵ
Ǿ賤һ仰
˲䣬綼徲ҶƱ۾˼漴ճǰ̤һߵ賤ϵߣ͵ػΪ賤ϵ
վ賤ϵ֣Ҷ͵һǹɱɫʧˣ˲仯ΪˮָͷĽָҲܿĻҶƺ׵ľ̽˽ȥѰš
Ҷ͵صɴ˫ۣһԶĸоͷ
ѹ񾵣Ȼռָ֮СлһЩȽǿĵҩϻʼȴûˡ
û뵽ǰõĶռָ棬׬ˣҶ˷쳣ĽЩӽԼĿռָڣһ󼤶֮⡣
賤ϵĵλʵȻǱ賤ϵҪߵģԲŽЩ賤ǰܡñǰٵҶơ
ν޺Ʋҹݲʣ
Щ֮Ҷ֮Сǰ׶Ͼľ賤ϣҶƴĵ淢һˬ֮Сͷ૵Ů㣬Ϊ㱨ˣֻǸĵһѣǴϣҲǱҪģ
ңﳤתʱ򣬻㸴ģҶư߬ȭͷ
濼æ˹΢ЩļµĿһ¾賤ǱҪ˵Щʲôȴɬԡ
ҶƲ濵һЩףǸ߹ȥ濵գ濣˵ҵĵ£ҲӦöЩЩ漰ҵһЩܣĲ˵ԭҺô
ΪЦ÷ȭҶƵţ˭˵Ҫѽ˭ûԼܡһһأ
Ҷһת˫͵ػס濵֫ЦۣȻΪ򣬿ʵȻƨɣ
һ죬˵˵Ͳ˵㲻Ҳж
Ҷװβȥʱָһ濵β̣ĻһңǾŵĻȣԵβȻķЩ֡
ѽ
һܾͬСһ͵ҶƵĻ֮У漴ɫһߺ죬˻ˣô۸˼ң
˵˵ҶƵһֻסǹ⻪ϸ֫һֻٴβݺ˼ǣֱ濴ڴϢŽͣʱ֣ͣٺЦſ濣˵ߣǳͷ
˵ǲ˵˿ĿҶƣ˵ҶƵĻ֮Уͻ۸˼ң
ҶƵͷݺݵס濵Сͣǹ۵ʤǵĸоһڣסֲֻ֫ʵĻ濵βһֻǰȻز󣬵ԹͦҶһֻ־Ȼղʱ֣һֱ̲ͣŪɫͨ죬ġ
ˣ֪ˣ˼ҰɣҪѳȥҶƵĻȴҶƽ§סҪֿҲΣֻܺߺߵţҶ֣ܿ㲦Ūдɫͬһϼ
ˣĲܸ㣬ȵʱ죬һġ濺ò״ҶƵļл֮лһͰ͵Ҷƣ˼Ұɣô
ҶƺٺһЦ㣿ǿɲУ˵ţ͵ػֽСǧ򿪣ӵԾСǧ統С
šߡԴΪСǧһʵĴɫ

ͷ˿ǵɴ۾Ŀͷ­һĴЦ͵ؽͷ­ݺ֮ϣʱһ硣
賤ϵͷʬ壬ֱӱͷһȥ䵽ϵʱ򷢳һ죬ѾǷˡ
ͷһٴδ֣ЦԶȥ

Сǧ֮ЩЩңҺǻ֮أȥҶƣҲûб
Ȼеľ賤ϵʬ壬Ҷ΢΢һü͵һ֣ʬ˲䱻紵𣬺ݺݵĴɸ߿֮ϵˤȥ˲ǣһ˿û£νȫʬ


414 
ҶƵջ֣Žµգһһٵǵҵ³ϣ͵תݲȵȥ
ƲƲ죬ҲѸ׷ҶƵĲ
Ǵհһ뵽ղԼջĶҶƴĵܹеһ˷ܡⲻɲô
Ҳʮ˷ܣǿҶôˣҲȾˡ
˾ôһǰһ󲻽ţͻȻоǰһ󼸺ʵϢǿΧռ䶼ŤţƺӴֻܹһ
ǿҶƺһץס濵ֱۣüͷǰаĵʲô˾ȻӵǿϢ
ȻôţҶƹȻҲǲʼįĳǸɱ˹ȥȫеë׶˿ϸҲѸٵĿޱ£˶о̥һ
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ҶƵ巢ôһӦǹײҶ˫۽ضǰ״һСڵҶƵ۽֮С
ǡҶƿǺӰѸⲻ񾵵ĺôôĸʲôȥ
ಣ
Ҷ濵֣ٶȼ͵سȥһâϼԣɫĹâĴۻҡ
ǺҲǷҶƵټһ˿֮ɫƲĳҶƳ˵ֱ̤ЬٴȫѹԭҪһһȥѰЩˣû뵽һһ
ͷ˼ǵúֻ赭дľóһʥؼҵҲʮַİɣ
վס
ҶǧԶʱͷһȡ˻ǧףԷȴֱһ
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ؼȻһɿŰӿһֻʮ״СӡǾâ˸죬绷ڣưԵƥһ顣
Ҷһ䣬û뵽˵־ͳ֣˿涼˵ʵҲǳת֮ףɴǿһѵ¡
ⲢǴҶƾͻͷ
ߣ浱׸񲻳ɣҹ
ҶӢһŤнɫĹâӿһֻ¡¡תĽɫḥ̂ӭǾƺȻշѹȥ
һޱȿ񱩣ǽɫĥн֮ĥǰֽƬշѹѡ
ߣôһôɣͷĺ
磡
񱩵ӿ䣬ͷ˵ľƽɫĥһ飬ҶƵҲһͬȷɳȥ
ۣ
Ҷ˵ɳȥԸУͷѡ
Ǽ˲䣬ҶʶһնȥһɫƥгˣϬĹâռֱնѣͷȥ
˿ͷ˾ҶҲֻжݵĲ׵ľ룬ҶҲû룬ȻԷȶԼˣǻʲôҪأ֮˿϶ǵˣ
ͷѸٽӽҶƣЦһȭҶƵȥȭͷſĿ磬һȭȥռ䶼΢΢Ĳ
ҶƼæȭȥ赲ڽɫȭͷͷײ˲䣬ҶƸоһ޴ԼʱĲһ¡
һͬСɣ˵ԼûʹȫǶԷȻǲȻûԼǿǿ϶ҪԶԶʤһʿ
һ̣ҶֻоǰһǺɫӰ˲ƵҶƱһȭҶƺ档ҶƸоһذֱӱҵѿӣѪŷ
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ҶƻûзӦʱͻȻһڣֻ޴ӡֳˣǵ֮ҶƣֲĹӿݣδӽҶƸоһֱӴ֮бѹ䵽˵ϡ
磡
ҶƱѹ˵ϣȴľƣʮָԾɿٴӡԽ
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ҶӡؿʼǿҵĵһȦɢȥĿѡ˸оһϮ
ͷ˵ļƣȻһҪսپӣ˿Ըʱ䡣ԸͶҶչ͵ޱ޼ʵĹƣҪѸײڶ֮ƽҶƳ״壬ȴʧˡû뵽Ҷ壬ȻҪ㹻ͣ
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ӵ֮˲䳤˼޴ɫҶȻأϵţǾƺݺݵײһĵɫһµסǾƵѹ֮ƣǾƱϾб޴ĸ˲䱻ѹó֮ȥʮס


415 û
ҶƳûæԾ˳ȥͷ˽ϵĹ֮ҵһ˿ƽ⣬
㵽ʲôˣΪʲôҪ͵ϮңҶĺȵ
ͷҲûжΣ͵ؽҶƣһ˿ѪĹâš
壿ҶüĽû̫ľȣϾǿȥҲûбܹӵˣҶ֪ҪһµĲ
Ȼ𣬲ôͷЩȻĿҶƣĿ¶׺֮ɫǿʵˣ֮ǰ賤ϣķӳķӳҶƾȻû¶˿ȵɫ·һѾһ㡣
ָоͷ˺ǲˬţ͵سҶߴ˹
Ȼ֪ԼĶ壬ôҲͲҪ˼ʲôˡΪ巽漸ǣܹҶżΪǿҵС
濣ķӦͷӦķӦ˫סС죬ĿͷˣЩ֧᲻壿Ȼˣ
أ
Ҷƻȭͷ˺ݺݵսһһȭӴľΧ쭷磬ͷ˵ƤۡͬʱҲкȻͨһ˿˺ۣҶƹȭѾоЩܳˡ
ͷ˸ҶȭͷӴһ˲䣬͵һƲסһѪӿֻұѾľˣ˿û˸оһ㡣
ҶҲϵ˳Щؿͬһ㲻ţʹ־ΧҲҿ־㹻ǿҲûзʹĽг顣
ǿͷ۾ҶƣⲢܳΪͷ˾µɣ
͵̤ǰһضһ̤֮вϵţ¡飬Ӵ֮д棬ռʱ俪ѣһռҲǲϵŰţХ
ҶƵͬԳһȥռ֮˸ŵĶĲӰҲĿꡣѡ
ͷ˼Ƶйƣ߸ߵľȭͷļµĹâϢյһ͵شϷ
ҶƺӴ𺳵һ޴ѹѹ̧ͷԭҲΪ˺ٴѪһʹд
ƴˣҶ߬ȭͷŭ
Ϣӿͷ͵ذУȻҶ֮ͻȻųɫԣӳĵ˾Ǵɽ·һ㣬ϵɽһҫ̵ۡ˸۾֮ˡ
ХۡһҶ˫͵رʹĲõĽɫһɫͷһݺݵĳͷ˵崩ȥ
ˡ
֮бӴòϵҶǽɫȭͷһ޴Ľɫͷ˵ȭͷݺһһĸоΧƺȫһ㡣
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ҶƱǿĳУȴûкһ˫ŶѾʵ̤֮УΰۺĴءֱţӴĽɫԶԶĳȥͷɾ޴˺
ͷԭоԼս޲ʤģǵɫӴ˲䣬֪Լˣش
ȭͷûκεֿ֮ͱɫʵķ飬ֱֻۣͬȫһɲɿܵĵ׶еη壬ٶȹ죬һ֮ס
ں۵Х۰
ֵ˳ףǽɫڿбըʱһƬ𣬸ǿҵӾС
¡
˱ȥڿз˺ü
㡭ʲôˣͷ˾ֵĽе
Ҷŵĳǰ߳һ˫Իһ˿аȵЦ⣬һһٵҾ֮졢ߡҶƣ
ͷ˼ѵһĭ˻ֲãֲôǿȻԽ壬ԭˣ
ֻһ룡Ҷָָͷ˵ıǼ⣬Ц
ͷ˻뷴ʲôŭٴθȾұۣʹȥȴûκΰ취ֹܹʹֻҧгݵס
ֵʱ׶λ뱣ܣҲҪͷֶһۣѪĹâЩļ¡
ûˣҶĴ
ԣô֪ͷĹӣȻһֶֻ˵Щѡ
ûҪôܣΪڰǰҾ֪Ҫ顭ҶƵüЩм
ǰͷһ漴ŭԭɱģ


416 ͬھ
Ҷ΢΢Ȼ漴Ӧ˹뵽˵ġǡǰǰЩ壬ǲźۼĵ˵ͷȻûɱģıעᱻ̹䣬Ҳκλģ
ᣬǱȡģ𡭡ôͷƺĳɺӲϵ˸ţļ£˿̵ôķâ¶ѡ˶ݵݷԴĹ
ͨĶֲ֣ģ
ŶҶ΢΢һüʧȥһֱֻ۵㣬ƾʲô˵Ļ
ͷýһֲֻ˲ǵѪٺٵЦţǹЦҶƺǲֻһɹ˲ܷЦݡ
ҺᡭҶҡҡͷ̾һ
ҳϣͷ˲֪ΪΣ˵Ҳ˳ҲĶ֣ȫʢʱڡʧȥһֱˡ
ҶƱ鲻䣬΢΢ƳһԶȻڲ˼֮е濣һܷĵתݲȵתͷ㻹˵ʲôأ
Ҫ֪ҪĿɲɱ㣬ǡͷ˫֮еɺɫâ͵繴ǵâ
ͬھ𣡡ͷڿвϵ˸ţѸٵĽӽҶƵ壬һֱֻ͵ڿкХĹȥһ˸о沿ľ
Ҷü͵ֽͷ˵ֱֻ۸񵲿һƵ
ͷ˷·ǷһٴڿһӰ֣͵ٴδһҶƣצӻգˢһ½Ӳѿ
ͬھҶȻü漴Ц
ãлô
أ
һȭӳõĽɫԼѹͷ˵͵һȭҷɳȥɫƺӴֱ̺ӽͷһ±ɡ
ͷɲٴ̤һţٴγҶƳ
ҶԼ˼һȭӹȥҪͷٴλɣ͸֮ǰһ
ͷͻȻֳһ˿֮⣬Ҷԭиȥ͵رٴһ㣬Լĺ˫۽Ķͷ˵壬ͬʯһļǾһһѪĥγɵġ
ಣ
ǰӰͻȻʧֻһĲӰأԭء
Ҷ͵һӴĽɫâʱĽΧһж飬ǹΣյϢͻȻӿ
׵ģҶƾͱͷ˴ס壬ͷ˵˫ȺݺݵҶƵ֫ϣһֱֻ͵סҶƵĲһ̫ͻȻͷ˵ٶȱͳԽΧ٣Ҷƽƿʱ䷨ԼӿʱţҪѸٵķӳǻͽ͵ġ
ҶƱͷ˽һסʱЩѣɫһ̬ĺ󣬲Ϣĸо
һУж̽ͻȻ׵ĳ֣Ƕ̽û˷֮ؽƵƣ͵ڿɢӴĹ⻪ֱնͷ˵Ĳ
ͷ͵ŤԴݺݵͷ­ײȥò˵濶̽Ƿǳģͷ˵ԴǻӲĵطˣǱ濵Ķ̽նһѪֱۣӴӶͷ֮ϣƺһѪ۷ֿԵޱԶƺᵽһ
ҪǻԱģ濽ĴţҪҶơ
̫ˣһȥɣͷ͵һ忪ʼ޵ͣ˿̵濾ҶƻףҪҲǲˣҲһ˲顣
Ҷ΢ЩȻı黹ûüջȥͱͷΧ漴һصĺ¡죬ռλ涼͵طҵĲΧĿռֱγ˴Ƭնɫ˸оϢС
˫ϥһ͵ع˵ϣ˫֮дŵľ֮ɫƺҪۿͬߵһ
𣡡
ޱ޼ʵĻҳɢͻȻһż쳹ΧĿռ伸һ޺ֱӷ飬ղŵǴըҪǿңԳо޴󣬲㽫Ʒɡ
һˣԣӦ˵һҲԡ
һ˰Ĵڣ֫Ѿɫ۸ǣҲϸۣܵӣͬһ㣬ֲʧѪ
Ҷƻ̧ͷһ˫ڵܹҲһеӣڵ͸ڵĲס
ϾǾ֮ɫ漴˷ܣ͵سҶ˹
Ҷ΢΢һЦϳһǽӲЦݣ¾ЦһЦʮַѾͷһֻֽڻУһֻֻ̯һöδ𻵵Ŀռָ


417 ¹ش
ڸոͷѡԱʱҶƾѾ˲ʹó䣬˲䣬ۼֿͽռָͷ˴׳ָͷӲϣռָУûڸղžҵıըʧ
ȿȿȡҶɫһ䣬ϵĿ˼һѪҿȥұըĳǿֲޱȰ֮Ҷƶǲˡ
΢΢һɢȥ״̬ĸŻ濵ͷģû¡
̧ͷ涵㻵ˣô˵ģ֪֪ղžжΣգ
ҶƿЦѵҲû뵽ͷ˾Ȼô񰡣ȻֱҪͬھﷴӦù
ֳȻ⣬ͬھΪ˽ܱȥôҲͬ˰ͬھ֮һǿԽܴȥġ
ҶҲǿЦӣӶЩɣ
ͣ̿ѵЦȡ֮ľһԥɣУٴγͬСɣұҪҡҵļˡܱǸұˣ
ʲôҶЩ㯣ҪߣҪ뿪
ţʱֻǺܶݵģһѰġ濳ĬһᣬǼᶨͬʱżҶƴϺݺݵһڣЦ͵ǸĲˣ
͵תһ̤ӰѾˡ
ҶԶȥıӰĵ׳̾һȻѾôҲûȥֹ
˦˦ԴҶһռָȻöϻʼ棬һЩҶƲ۵֡
ôҶƾöϻʼǧľްҶƲ׼ȥΪƾ軯󷨵ҲҪⶫĸЩޱǰɡ
һ˵ޱҶüΪѩޱɺڵ֮СҲʱǾȳˣΪֻҪһ֣½ľƱػͬˮ𣬵ǸʱΪſϲϽ˻Ǹ¡
ǺܿвҶƣΪ˶žĺ󻼣ҶƻǾֱӵǹƥǱ֮УŮȳΪá
Ҷһһ뷨жˡŵλҶֱûǰ֮УѸٵĳŵŷӶȥ

֮еһСԺڣһŮüͷǰǿӣеĲ֮ɫӷ·һ㣬
ѩޱв֮ɫأ
ӹһЦƤޱҲҵ⣬Ϊʲôǲأ
ѩޱѾ˵£Ȼǲٽˣ㻹İɣ
е£ЦŷʵΣ˱Ӳǣ㲻ҪΪµǣӵػһʮִȵġ
סڣѩޱһ˿ŭ֮ɫͻȻԼЩʧ̬ˣһأҪң
ӻ˵ЩʲôһԵɺҲ̲סˣƤô˺޳ܣѾ˵˲ҪôţƤһ
һ˿Թ֮ɫһͷ߳СԺһһߵá˵ûиǻᣬȻؿ㣬ҲЩСƤ裡һ죬ӻСƤڿ
ɺ̲סҪ֣ѩޱһץס
ɺɩǧҪŭӾǴϵӣ²ңǶ⵽֣ѩޱתһ˿ǵɫ
ô죬ôᱡôɺϵŭɫɢȥ漴˿˿֮ɫţʧ⻹ĵô
ûʲô壬ǲΪӪķֱֵġѩޱҡҡͷ
ɺֹôȥôˣҲѶ
İɣһģܻѵʱ䳤һЩѩޱ˵˵ţЩˣɺʱѩޱ뵽Ҷˣæ԰οޱã㲻ҪģֻҪҶ֪ڵ֮У϶ģ
Ը˰ɣѩޱ΢ЦҡҡͷţһҲȥˣôϣ޾ڵ
ɺ߬ȭͷǻǾԶţԶһȺαӵѣ
Ӿ߳СԺԭʵɫ˲䱻ǣʶ̧ٵĳӣҪĶûеòģ
ӾԱߵһСǰЦСĵһƣ԰Ը


418 
ӾĿǸС࣬ʲô취
СЦݣ߽Ӿǵ֮вһŵӱôʱָߣƾ蹫㳤תʵһ뿪֮У滹ôô𣿡
Ӿֻ۾͵һ֣԰ڵ֮Ҽɵִϣǿģ滹ǹԹԵĲѴ֮ô
ãƻܹɹһ㣡ӾЦȥˡ

ʲôҪǵָߣɺɴ۾Ӿŵ
ûʵҲԸģޱӲЩӾ
Ƿӿѩޱ³ˣѩޱǿסԼҪһȭӡϵĳ嶯ǿһЦ⣬鷳ӹˡ
Ӿæ˰ֵʲôӻܳǲɣİɣһǹ䣬޳֮²Ųмȥأ
ɺѩޱһۣԶԷеŭǺӾǻǸûģŹ棬ֲѡ
֮£ֻܴӦʵתʵָߵģֻǴϵֶζѣɺѩޱҲǺް취ϾǼ£ҶԷȨ죬Լ߻֮Ƚϡ
ӾЦǾ׼һ¸߰ɣ˵ţ鼫õҡҡͷȥֻŮ
죬ѩޱɺɩӦô죬ѵôԸ
ɺҲüͬ⣬˵Ū϶ǲĵģڵִ֮ϵϲʲôɾͲ˵ˡ
һʱ䣬ǻŮͷ
Ź涨ŮֻѡӾȥҲƴľġʲôصľٶĻôҲöԷԼһ˿һ
ôƽ£ڼӾķӳżɧѩޱΣҲûʲô̫ľٶҲŮ΢΢Ͼʱı־߶ȼпɲһô׵顣
˭ҲӾдС̣Ǿ뿪ԽԶԽãҵһȽƫƧĵطƾǿʵŮѹȻúõһһϷ۷У
ʱҲ𽥵Ĺȥң뿪Ҳˣһֱߣ֪ԽԽԶֱѩޱʲôԣæӾʦ֣ʱѾȥ£ΪʲôǻһֱϵĳŶߣ뿪ѾԶˣڼˡ
ΪʲôܼˣӾ¶һ˿Цݣѩޱ͹µģ
ǱȥɺҲն
ȥӾЦĵֻϧزȥˣ
ʲô˼ѩޱ˫͵طűɫʣɺҲӵųת֮׵ʵӦٶҲǼ졣
ӾȴųתʵȻʱѾҲûбҪαװǷ̬ˣ¶βһ㣬ЦŽӽŮ
ŮôɵҲӾҪʲôƴһѵ뷨ӾʵаžǿҲǳת֮װɣ־㲻УҪܻǿԵġ
ӾͻȻͷųӴѹŮϸһ֮ɫ
ǳתϢ
ⳡսûô
Լ־ܣҰǣҿǷǳΪŮЧ͵ŶӾЦƺŮԼתлӡ
ɺɫһŭȵ޳֮ͽ˵ţ͵طһƣڿдӴӾХķɹȥգ𵴵Χһŭ
Ӿ·ǲĻ֣ɺĹ׵Ļ⿪ѩޱҲ͵شжö룬ХֱӴӾ۾
ӾӭȥöֶӴӾƣ˲Ӿ漴̤ǰһЦųŮȥ

ֻвһµ·ˣҶƵͿշţνѩޱȳ
跨УȻ󽫵֮еĻϢȻŮӴֱӽǷСǧ統УȻҡڵĴ
ҶôŵʱͻȻһŭ־ֵļҶƵ񾭷·ǱһֺֻݺݵĲŪһ£˲һ״̬
ϤǡҶ˫۵ɵþ޴󣬼˲䳯·ȥʹóԼٶȣȥһ룡
ԶԶĿһϷˣŮӣ˵۶ǵװ۾䵽ŮϵʱҶƸоԼҪըһ㣬˫֮һҵĺ


419 ߶Űɱ


Ҷ˫Ŀ֮͸ȼյĻ棬ŮӲԼ˼ĺޱôȻӲϵϷˣţˡ
ҶȼţоŶҪըһҵžķ䡣޴ĳ֮ⲻϵͷγһɻ֮ȥ
ӾʮֿĵϷˣŮӰشŮϵĹȴֻܴĲӰҪľǵȵŮһգȻٺúܡ
𣡡
ͻȻһ޴ĺӾһоΧĿռƺһǿһ㣬嶼á
漴һӴѹѹӴѹ֮£ΧҲ飬ĵֿ֮ⶼ
ѹֻԼүүϸܵ
⾿һôǿĶְ
ϧתͷһµûˣ޴ѹ֮£Ҳľþֿǹѹ
ҵĽɫâҫ˫һʹ漴Ӿоһ޴죬һҲ߸ߵɣ
ŮĿɿڴ֮УҶһץסӾĲӣ͵ᵽԼǰĿԣӾоĵһƬ⻹˵۾ôɫûаֹ⻪ôһƳ·ܹ˵궼һ㡣
ָо˺ܡ
㡭㡭˭Ҿ㣬òҪңүүǵ֮еĴϡӾʼЩ״εҪвҶƣ漴﷢һҽиˡ
Ҷ͵ؽһֱ۳ѪĽŻϢ
ӾӢŤˣҪٴβҽгǺѾҶƽĶסˣֻܷһѵɫͨͷһ㡣
ѩޱξ֮Уƻһ㣬ôĲʵԼΣѵʱҶͻȻϵӻнԼ˳ô˧
ɺҲסˣҶô׵ĽӾƷ֮һ
Ҷ˫Ŀ֮еĳ޸ô׻ģֱڵϣ漴ٴĶӾֳɱӾºëֱŵһס
Ҹ㣬ƽľԼıķˣҶƺʱڱбĹ۸ҲǷŭޱȣ͵һȭݺӾĶ棬ɫ͵һ䣬һѪԼϵۻﳯҶƵ˳Ҷһüһɾһ⻪Ķ˲ҶǰЩۻﶼ˻ȥԼһ
ʲôʱôǱǴ˿ڱϣֱû˿죬ûһпɾˣ
㣡Ӿ˿ధ󣺡ҲĲĹҰɣŮ˶ģ
ΪҶƶǿŮˣˣش̫ˡ
ҶǴһ˿Ц͵ؽӾ߸߾Ȼݺݵˤȥͷ­˸ܵĽӴ˲˺ЩѪۡʹ
ûãҶƽºݺݵڵϣͬʱ͵һ̤ıϣ޴˵͵һļ˲ѣŤһ𣬴ĺţһ
ѩޱҶƵֶסˣĿӵ뵽ӾԼЩΪʱһ˿ҲʧӰ١
Ҷ͵һ˸źĳˢնȥӾһֻ˲һָͷѪӿ
ҪԼΪȫΣҶƱɱ֣˲
꣡
ҶһŲȥĸָֻ˲䱻Ҷһ̤֮ȵķ飬ͬϵʯһ촷ۣ
໣
Ӿþȫµгͬʱþ˿ռָ֮еһ壬ͬʱȵɱҰɣ
ɱ㣿ҶһĻȣɱҶ֣
ˢ
һԭҶƲȵϡõƣֱͬ۱ҶˢĿѪĴŻ
ҶƼ˲䣬һĺڿӾͷ­Ҷ۾͵Ƴȥһ޴ɵγɣݺݵĽͷ­׵󱬡
ҶҵŮˣϵ񡭡
Ҳá֮أ
Ҷеɱƽȥתݺݵĳȥӵסѩޱ壬૵ޱǸǸܿˡ
ѩޱŷӦֹסĲָҶƵӣƸ磬㡭ˡ


420 ؼ˵
ҶĽѩޱ§ڻУοǰˣĺˣڣû˿˵㡣
ѩޱƺǧίҪйϵĳţһ꣬ô˲˼
ߺòãҲڵ֮ˡѩޱ̧ͷ涵ҶƵ
ߣߣߡߣߣҶѩޱĺ󱳣İο
ǡһԵɺüͷǻû䣬һʱǲڣӦô죿
Ҷ̧ͷɺɩ;ܷİɡǣѾȫˣвѰǵġ
ǡɺ۾һ
ûںܰȫȥǣҶ˷ܲѵ
ƻŵ͵͵Ǳڵ֮УûŮȳļƻҲʵʩˣŮѾȫ˳Ҷ˵һõϢ
ûй⣡Ҷ΢΢һЦг

Զĵ֮Уһ⻷ŵͻȻ۾ĿĲ֮ɫǰ͵سһӫĻݵҶŰɱӾĻ桭
꣡зŵεİ˲䱻Ϊĩɫ԰׺Ѫɫ촽ϣƺ˷纮һ漴˺վ嶼Ϊȷŭϲţҧгݵĵһ֣֮졢ҶơҪ㡭
һֵ£ŵϵĲ
ѩޱҶƻ룬˻ᣬҶƶԵɶһģأô
ҶѵõĳĬˣͷ𽥼һĨ֮ɫֳ
ô£ѵʲô鷢ôѩޱܵķЩԾ׷ʵ
ɶҶʹĴһˣΪʵǿûܱסɶǶҪĽģұ뱳Ρ
ѩޱĬβĵ˵ûȷӦý岻ݴǵΣ
Ҷ۾͵һô˵ޱ㲻ˣ
ʲô⣡ѩޱһڵҿû˵
Ҷһů͵ػѩޱ֫ڿתѩޱչջЦ
ҾﻹǲȫϾɱ˴ϵΨһӾ˵ʲôϵڵطҸȫĵطɡɺüͷɨܣ䲻ȫ
˵ĲҶĹâҲоЩȫȸߣȸǻһ˵
ãŮ˵ͷ
Ҷ˫Ŀ˲ҫɫ͵ſ֣ǰ˺ѣһСǧչ
ȽȥΪǸ·ٶ̫Ҵߣ
ѩޱɺҲûĥߴܿСǧ統СҶһ֣Сǧϣ漴Զ̤żٵĲѸٵĳԶʻȥ

濺ܿħ֮УһԲĳ洳ȥ
ħħĴڣҲǲͨһͳ洳ȥΪֻһӵ٣˾ħҲõսľ
Ծһڡ
ԭŵȰ֮ȥӭ㣬û뵽ȻȻǱŮħһ˿˷֮⡣
ףҲûд濵û˼ɵ
Ŷ߱ôġħЩ죬㹻ء
Ϊ֮Ѿˡ̧ͷ
أ
Χǿ͵һͣһɫӰ˲ӱ濵ǰǿƲ濵ģȻʵôǿҲӴѹֲ˺á
㣬˵ʲô֮أûˣħɴ˫ۣһһٵ
濼ѵĵ˵ͷ
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ǡһɣǵҲˣĿǰȫᵽ֮УЩԶǺƽһ𡭡
ħɫ䣬濣֪ô㲻ǱŮôһΪ˵ѡ
ģ濵
֪ħһܰǰҽô
̾һ׸飬ֻܾĸħ齲ǸߺŵǿʵԼƿƣʹ֮سӴķ߽֮ڣЩ̬ȾȻǹģȻΪʹˡ֮ظȺϲˣΪ֮𡱡
һжħ˸͸ħ˼ĹâҲԽԽǿҡ


421 ׷ɱ
˵ʲôЩΪʹˣħʵ
ûָ
һεʹѾѡˣǸֵ飬û뵽֮صȫһ£벻鰡ħ˸ǵĹʣһֻ΢΢ķ°棬˵ҪԽħŸŰ
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Ŷħüһ˿֮ɫʲôϢҪҪô
Ȼٴγ䣬ǵ˼׼ٴĴս㻹ÿЩ׼սⲻ˵ˡټĽЩ˵˳ħȴûжô˼
Ҳ֪ˣħһ˿簮֮ɫֵʵҲˣֻһֱûųȥҾģʵ˽һֱ׼Ӧⳡˡ
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ȻĻǵҶˡףûʲôĻҾȥˡ濵
һ£ħæס濣ʲôΪ
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֮ǰǷ̫ˣתתһܶ˺򵽳תĹһֱ֮ףձҪ㣬ֱӿԽһףħƺ̺֮һ˿ϣôһ˿Ǹ⡣
濳Ĭ츳ȻǶ⣬֮ǰĽݼҵʱ̫ܹ࣬Ҳûʱ䡣
пΪĵҩȴûиã֪Ϊʲôôħ
֪ãȻҡҡͷΪʲôԼĸϻʼȴûиԼùһöʵͬˡ
ΪõҩǿľҲֻαѣȻΪķȴû취ƾʵΪսױԭ͡ԭĻιֻ̣ǽ̸һЩͨͰ֮ȥΪľܹĸȹҵǣûʧħ˫˸żĹâ
˶٣ŵӷ֮ڳˣҲιˣǷõҩҲûʲôˣһöϻʼǿǧޣȽöҩȥȻԼİ֪㣬Ϳת
濿ħǽһֻϵһöҩһм֮飬ӲɵһᣬףʵôǿΪʲôһֱۣ
ħһ㶣漴һ˿Ц첲Ǳ˴ϵģǻãʱǣ첲ǱıԴ飬еϸ֯ҷѾǲ˵ˡ
濻˵ЩʲôǱħһֹסˣˣҲûʲôǶۣʵҲ½֣˵ʱΧռӦ飬ǿʵ
ˣҪ˷ʱ䣬Щⵤҩ£ħ˸һ⣬ܸܵδսѾԶˣ㻹ҪǿԼʵΪãʱ磬ҪҰ
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ҩɾǴһΰ
һü͵ؽҩУΪһ

Ҷһ·ʻţȴŴʱ˿Ѿ죡˭֪˴ϵĳӾһҶƵʿɱˡڵ֮оһ֮֮ϣһЩگҲһѵ顣
óǶŭȻöc赤׷ɱҶƣҪ֪öc赤㹻һȽϲʥˣֱӽҩȥҲһǧĿްʱ鴫ߣǵ֮еʿһЩɢޣԶһҶƵʿֵöc赤
ҶƶԴ˿һŲ֪ģҲҿ뿪磬뿪֮󼸸ʱǰĵطʱһһֵ̺ʽѲŵĳϣԶǳת֮ףѲ˰ûĿ꣬Ҳֻ㬶顭
ٸϻ֮УҶƵһѪȵĽƴ򿪣漴С
һȥҶƾ͸оӴǰײţ͸һ˿Ц⣬ǷŸɱ¾ڶƴˣҲž飬Աƴţɱ֣ҲʵΪվԭҪӵЩ


422 Ӵ
ǡŮȻ׵ľɫסˣνŮ˶ϲһҲ١
ǡ֮𡯣վǰģǡ֮𡯵죬ҶƣҶƹһЦ͵شϸ߿գЦ
ѩޱƲƲ죬˫֮еЦڸǲõġ
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ɺҲڿն𣬽ҶƵӰ۹ĴɨܣΧĻǷ羰ˣܹ˰ĵĹЧ
ҶѸƬյ֮ϣﱻ䳡Ÿɱ¾ŵƴֻʹͨѣȻټȿҲñǸƻ
Щԭڷ֮شϰˣͨǸڽһȭһŵײƺֻܻӷеĺ׳֮⣬ÿһȭÿһŻڶԷѪڣ
Ҷ͵ؽЦݵ߹ȥЩȻʶҶƵģһæľϹҾ
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һʿæȥˣֱҪķ֮غϰٱһҲǻֲ̿ѣĥ³ıҲ𽥵ĵţᶯҪɱȡˡ
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һǶŵѵһҲûиЩԶǣһݵҪһѪָ˳ҾһҪȫ𡣡
ôҶɻתӰϣɲаſǲɻȱһӴս
ӰЩεⲻҵ£ȺǶǰݹˣȥѵϰ


423 ּƲ
ҶҲܹҪȺԶӣһÿճ˯˯żڷڿϼȦĸȻȥ˯
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Ǿ˰ɣǿʵѵҲһжôЧʱ˯ҶҲεʼ
ӰεЦЦû˵ʲô
һҪǸҽɱ¾ŻзŶŪһϸĹ滮ʵֽǷģͺñŵŵʲôģͷҲ÷ɸڸԳΧڵ񡭡Ҷָһ棬һ߻ܡ
Ӵ飬ƽʱûڹ滮ȴôһףΪ󻤷֮ЩȻ¶ȸʯЩμ׾ˡ˵ʯһܴƴĽţôܹ˧ţŸ˧һ֮ȴǧ𰡡
ãȻЩ԰ףҾͷĵĽ㡣ˡҶ͵һ٣¶һԴεЦ⣬ڳΪ֮֮ǰħŵһЩϽ¹ѪѾе˳ˣǸħ֮еĴϻŽⲻĳޡħҲҪеĶ󡭡˵ţҶתͷȥ˿顭
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Ҫ˵ľǣڼ䣬ɱ˵ŴϵӣӦòʲôɣҶӣ˵ʵʱҲԼͦ޵ģϹټҵɱϹٲߵĳޣȻӦò˭ģûв͸ǽᴫȥģʱǿǸܵа
ۡѪһҵˣҪ֪ħŸŵĴϣٶǳתʵһӾ͵λ
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ãȥԸЩʦָԵĵҩǧҪ˻ҩľӰȥҪ֮ⶴ츣أӦòȱôһҩİɣҶתͷ˿Ӱ


424 뵤ҩ
ȻȱϻʼҩģҲǱضǰ֮ûʦҩȴֶĲϺкܶճҩݹءӰ˵Щʱ򣬳˽֮⣬ȴɭ֮УȷǸҩıء
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֮ԴȻǻָˣҲǴﵽ˳תλ֮׵ĳ̶ȣսҲΪ׸ˡֻ۾ЦҲ鶯ģҶƸоǻһ㡣
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ҶƸһ˲ŶЦݣ漴Ҳû˵ʲô׻ֱóöҩϻʼǿǧޣ͸ɩġ


425 
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ЩҶҲ𽥵泩š
磬ң
ܿ죬ŴˣϲСģˣ
šҶЦŵ˵ͷһöϻʼУ磬һСҪ͸أⵤҩԻϻʼһöƷҩȥǿǧΪ
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漴СǧٴαһƬɫڸסһתĽͬĿ

Сǧ֮гʱҶģѩޱȴɫͨ죬·Щ㡣
ôޱҶƻЦ֪ʵ
㣬˼ŪôۣЩ߲·ˡѩޱƺܹǧ꺮ڻ
ǺãұȥϢɡҶЦͬʱһֻסѩޱ䣬һֻסӣ͵һѩޱ
Ż˷֮֬һļҶһ̲סѩޱա
ѩޱȻţƺûκЧҶƴǵĽͻȥϢ
úϢɣȵָ·ʱ򣬼ǵýҩ£


426 һ
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ǣһҲȺ֮УҶһۿʡ
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ϼæһЩЦ죬ôҲǻ˹𣿽ӾͿԡ
ðɣӣеĽһ֪ܷԲԸţҶƹһЦ
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ɫϽͷųԼ򣬲ǲôһЩ޷ȡҲǺܴĵЧá
ʵƣȻҲһת֮ףѾȹһˣһѶԸĶ֣ҶƸһҪ˼ûУǻǰĶ־
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ֻҪʵ壬ôⳡսͿ˵ǽˣ
Χѹʵ񾭣ƺʵֻܷӳųɣѹһɣȴ˿壬͵һ֣˲жǲӿ׵飬ž˲佫ҶƵΧ
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428 Թ
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429 
ʱ̲̫ãҶƿҪʱһʿ𼱻ǵ˹ҶƵ죬ϸܻ˵Ҫ¸̣ͨ
Ҷһü͵شӵԾһĪҪţǣ˿
죬졭һҲڣʿӣƺαʲôҪ顣ҶƲҵͷһǱ飬߹ȥͷǹ漴ѸٵչӰͬʸһٴ˳ȥ
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Ȳ߻Ŀ꣬Ҹʵ㡣˵ֻһССȷӶѣĿֻ̬̽ȣǿ߻δϵȻƾѪôܻ֮õݷ֮ûдҪ֪˼һר
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ڳĵһھͿʼŷӵеĽ𻪳ǣֻʱ㽫𻪳ǹݣתΪĴӪ鴫˳ȥ𺳡ϹʱŰ壬³ˣ
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430 ıı
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ҶԵڽͣãҴȥ𻪳ǵ飬ûеõ˵ӦȻ֮ǰ챬ǿû˿

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431 
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ʯ󾪣ܵʲô˺˿Ѵǵģæͬʱ֣ͬӴֻӭȥ
ס֣Ҷ͵һȣʯ춼֪ͣ롣
ǲҪ֣ҵսҶҧҧ߬ȭͷ̧ͷŭĶǽߵĴƣѵղϵķХĿ֮ŰĿռĴš
СȻ˲վҪӦ֪ˣһŵԼ̺޾ɱ漴һݵĺߴӽ𻪳ڸϸߵȻ߲ӥص㣬ͦӥԼĳ졣


433 ӥǴ
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ӴҶͬĲӬһķ˳ȥҶɫһ䣬ʱоһ޴޷ִľõԼϣֱͬڵһԶԶɳȥͷɢ˼һۡ
ҶƻƾǿӲڿȶΣڴֵĶǴ
ʯ컹ǲĵķɱȥҶƵ
ǴֶݵȴɢӴϢơҶƿԸоĳƾ𻪳ǿģҲǽ𻪳ڵͷĿ
ңҶƲмĲõѪ˿Լʸô
Ǵ˸űɱûʸ񻹵ԹСʵȷȺ˳תʵʱգ֮󻼣
ŶأҶƸȤĽʵ
ԽձҪɱڴˣ𺳵˶Ĥ
˲䣬ٴڷ󲿷ֶǳתʵɢϢǳתġǿԼͷĿ֣һ˷ܵƸߺ˷֮ɫԱ
ҶߣֻйˣԵôĵô
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ͻȻһӰӥǴ˲ԭһӰ䱾ԶԶķ˳ȥ˫ƽӣΪֻӥצץƿռ䣬һĿХ
Ҷ˫˸űĹâʵҪԼ֮ϣ˿ҪͻƳתļ󡣲ȻûͻƣǾȻת֮׵ʵҶƾͲ
ȻһЩѹ׵ĵƾ͵ùˡ
Ҷһ̤֮ռ䣬һޱ޼ʵӿı鲼ռ䣬ӴĿռĴҴܣһɹɻֺɢޱȾ
漴Ҷ͵һŤһɽɫƴֱ֮Ͽʼ漴鲼ȭͷɫɢۻҵĹâצӺݺݵĺ˹ȥ֮˵ĵ羪κˡ
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ҶȥĽɫȭͷֻӥצݺݵײһƺ޼᲻ݵĽɫâ͵ؽƺ÷飬漴ٴκݺݵĳӥǴȥ
Ǵ˫֮˸ĹâȻǿȻԼԼڱ֮ϣ⾿ô£
Ȼ˼ʲôķӳȴûһ˿һ͵𣬺ıܹҶһȭ˫ͻȻſ֮ж˲ݻС磬ɽ󾡶ԣɢ޾ơ
Ҷд󾪣͵ջ˽ɫȭͷ̤˫۾ĶŴеСǧ硣
ԼûдȻ˷ѧʹ÷
˲䣬ҶһѵĽɫԣռ͵ѿĻľúɽչ˵ǰСǧԼԼҪӥǴСǧҪ߳һߣѹȵ񾭱
ӥǴɱԣ˫˼ӡͻȻһȴ˫֮еСǧ֮ڣϼӿӺȻתĵѹˣֱѹ顣Ϊ˿һٲݺݵĳҶѹȥ
Ҷâ˸ɱȻӿ˫͵ؽ˸ӡͬʱĬʲô
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ҶƱСǧѷʱʼֵƺʲôҪһ㣬ͻȻһεصĺӰ֣СǧͻȻһ޴ĸɽǴ˳ӭӺݺݵײ˹ȥ
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ķѣˮĽӿƬͬ¥ҵҡţ޾ѷ쵽Ű
ҶݻɽҲͽȻʯɽ
նȻϸһԭӥǴѸٴһƳҶͷѹȥޱǿʢͬһշ֮ʹշ̶죬ϵݿ
ҶΧɫԲڣ޾ĺӰоնѾӴѿ˰֮䣬͵һƳȥʱһǰоǿº£Ҳɱٴγ
ӥǴ˼ļȥҶƵƺݺݵĶһ𣬶ʱһۿõͬˮһԲȥΧһЩʵĴȻֱӱֿ񱩵Ƴ˳ȥǱ
𻪳еʿۣһ㶵˵ӾȻܹһ֮Կ壡
Ȼ塱˵̫ˣֻһǰСֶӶѡЩʿ֪ǻΪǽء
ҶһĺʯȻȻĺˣ˶һۣ˵ʲôֲ˵Ҫǰսٻغϣ첻ˣֻ̾ϢһվԭطҶƸӥǴսо岻ѡ


434 
Ӵģܿٴδӽ𻪳֮ӿֳɶѵ壬Ȼ֮࣬ЩһæﲻϣȻڶ࣬ʵǿĲҲǳתѡ𻪳ǵ֮УǿĴת֮ףȥҶɱǸ
ҲֻѣҶƲסӥǴһʱ䣬ƾʯ˵ͿԽʣܣʱֻŴ򲻹ͬΪĴ
ȻˣҶƻûôɵǷһʿȻص飬Ҷǻѡ
Ϊʲôʿôɵ壿޷ǿǿʶѡܹܺõߴ󲿷ͨǽ֮Ҳʿʡ
ʿ嶼Ǵģһضʿʵʵ̫ˡ
̤֮·ϣͺñʻڿຣ֮УǴͨǴϵˡ
ѡ壬ӹ̴ֻȻȹຣأ
ѡʹͨϤˮԣιȥأ
һѵѡ񣬼ųɾŵʿѡ˺ߡ̫עԼͨΪǾһУʵǵġ
ôϤˮԣõˮƯҲʹеƣޱȡ
֮ӹ̴ʹ㲻ϤˮԣֻҪˮ˾ûл·Ǵޱȼ̣ûһ˿Ŀܣ˶ѡ
ͨʿ˵ԭǿޱȵͶԸˣ־ͨͨʹ÷Ƶҩô˵Ĳ˲˴ľô
Ϊʳ˵ôܻԼһأ
ʵˡ
Ҷƿɲһʲôͨʲôҩʹʲô˵νġΪԭͱǿΪķսʤ壬ҶƵη塣
Ϊʲôҽ˾͸ҽ𻪳ǵԭ
ߣʵǿĴҲôֻ̽෴ӦȷӶѡ࣬Ҫһҵʱȫӷӡ֮н⿪ϾϹʱڵʱµķӡɲͿƳġ
ʵҲǿиɣ𿴱ʵǿʵһλתǿ߾ܹһ֧ǰȫ
ʿ඼Ǳ˵ӣ˭ûȥŪǵķŭأǾôˣ
𻪳еʿɴ۾֮ǻ¶鲼ɫâӰ̲ס̾һ⡭˾˭һ֮岻˵Ȼȫ·磡
ɣҾҪó֮ϻǣҶԾԾԵͬʱ˫֮ͻȻҫ۵Ľ⣬ѾȻաӥǴ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ǵĺһ¼ͻȻ¶һۿȥʯһ㡣֮л̤һȭǺݺݺҶϣٶ֮Ŀ࣬ôѸٵķӦ
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⣬ҶƱһȭؿڣͬߵķһݺݵĳȥĿռ˲ѿƬƬɢȵɱŰĿռĴҴܣߵһ
ֻ֮һ˲䣬ҶƲڿзڵͺֹܿס˷͵һ˫ȣ粻ĿһݺݵĳǴȥӷȥȭҲǰ˲ֻһģһľ޴ȭƺƵϮ塣
ȭͷܽɫԣ˿˶о۾ۣӴƺ׵ĲŪ˵顣
ʯ컢վҶ״ЩΪվվȵǣֻҪǵҳְæôҲ޼ɵĳ֡ΪҶǴƽսʱ䣬κ˶ܲ֡
ŽɫٴθǴսһ֮пŭ𣬺۾ֻʹüͷ˸һӰ

Ҷһ֮岢Կ͵̬ɱֻ鱻̽ӻر˻ȥôһ˲飬һɫ죬뷨ǧ
ħֻϵָ棬ޱɫҲ˿Сֻ΢΢üͷȴܺõĵ˿̵Ĳ
ҶƣҲʵ̫һЩȻųת֮׵ʵλ֮죬ħҡҡͷ̾һҲ֪ʲô̬ȡ
ħŴȴ𾪵Ĳ֮ǰ׷ɱҶƵ´ģΪҶƲ湫ȻŹ棬һʧӣǽɫ龰ĿǲҶû賤ҲʧȥϢʯͷѾ޹⡣ؾ賤Ѿˡ


435 ְ
ЩѰһûɱҶƣû뵽ֻ⾰Ѿɳ̶ȣɳȥĻ»һֵܼ顣
ϴΣһΣҪɱ㣡תĴϣڶŭҲзģһҪɱҶƣ
һƫڣ볤ϴվڴ̨ԱԶĵͽǰʦԲס㣬û뵽ջǴѲʦף㡭
֮С
ƽ˿濴Ҷƴս龰üͷԷ飬𻪳ǵ壬ȷûжôǿֻһЩ̽·ȷӶѣǱˡ
һæƽ˲ƴΪƽˣһЩҲӦġ
šƽ˵˵ͷ۾΢ɨ໤ϣһ뷢ް׵ͣס
ͨӣɫƺƣԼ֮ɷתɲʲô޵֮ˣĹ㶼Ѿҵ֮г͵ʿˣΪʲôֵ᷸ͼĴ󣿡ƽ˵ڵȴñӴȻתͷĿ
ϼæͷƽˣղŵȷͨӵĴͨһЩôõ飬һʱûпסԼɱǱǸ
ƽ˴ȵһ֣ͨӣȻ겻ʵ֮е񣬵˫۾ȴûϹ֮мЩСˣΪŲʾͲǶһЩ֮е棬ҲʱɨһˡҪЩӰǵŵۡ
ƽô˵ͷ亹ˢһȻԼʵƽ˱һתѣһתѣ죡
ڵתʱ䣬ȴͨڰתżûһ˿ûʲôⱲûʲôϣͻƳתˡ
ƽ˵ĶԡӦš
ͨӣǰЩԱ壬緢ͨͨ͵Ŀ¾λҶƣ԰ɣƽ˻͵һתָ˴ϡԭ亹Ĵһ¸Ǽޱȣ˵оޱѡ
ƽˣ⣬ͨôԭġϻҪʲôǱƽĴϡ
ԭôġ޷ǾҶɱӾƽûκεС
ӵĵУµ֮һ˲֪һ˲αɱҲΪ䱾̫Ű裬Դͨôĸ磬ΪžЩͲô簮Ըڵ֮зµֹӣ±ֱִϽ𣡡ƽ˵ĺһʯ
ϻ²֪ΪΪŭǿ־塣
ΪŵĴϣȻ׷ɱǵӦôǵڼ¹䡣ѵôʧô
˶٣ƽ˽ŵɱӣһүүĽǶ˵Ӧñ𣬵㲻Ӧŵһ𱨳ɱԼӣŵӣһ㣬㵽ŪûУƽޱۺ¡¡ͬһ쳹ڴ֮ڡ
ɫͬһĲҰû˿Ѫɫͷ̧
Ҫ뱨Ǿ˵ȥսõĺܣôְȨŵܻˣ
֪ôǵŵôһȺƤǣһȺαӣ
Ȼ겻񣬵ǱɵʲôǶԵģʲôǶԵкģ
һʱѻȸšеֻǴǼٵĺ
˭ҲΪʲôոճصƽ˻ô˶ڹȥŭ
Եƽ˵壬ջ׷ɱƽ˫ͬµķѩһ㣬ɨ˭ϣ˶ŵͷȥ
ңйͨӵһȨȥ˼ʮٻңƽ˴˻һʱǴϣǲڵϣĿǲ˼֮ɫе૵ܣ
ͨδһλ꣬Ѹٹˡƽ˾ô棬һ仰Ҫְ񡭡
кöһϵ˵ǿƽǷŭ񣬽Զȥ
Ȼǿߴϵģ˿̶аԽкãֻ˵ѡϾְλˣԴ棬û˸оԼĶ֡
׼սȫӣԶˣʱҪһȻĵţǸʱ򣬾ѹסħţӶһ仰ƽˤŶӰʧ˿ռ֮ڣֻһȺ


436 
Ϲһ¶ŵü絶֮͸һӺ֮ɫ
ֻһӶѣǿиɣûʲôµġͿɲҰСһ˶̣棡
һ߼æվ˳֮ǰϹټҵһȥˡʵȻҲǲס
˫һȥҲ˫ʶϹټҼͬʱ֮һ˿ʹ֮ɫ߶㾿Ǳɱ
ǣҶɱϹٲߵˡϹٲпûʲôѸٴϢķ֮ǰûдһ˿ϢϹټҵȻżҲֻǸżѡ
һվǵĸף֪ˣ
ԼĶӣϹټҼҲǸһ˿簮֮⣬һֻӣ˼ǽĽӰˣϹٲȴĪˣ֮ʯҲϢȥ
òʵתӼĶ󡣺Ϲ˫Ҳȷ㹻ûй׵ϣ
ĶԸһϹ˫߳һѸٵĳŽ𻪳Ǹȥ
ϹټһҴע⣬ԭҵļҲ³ϴŷԭҵǰȡ
Ҫ֪ʹûгֻҪҶһӣԴԴϵӿ
𻪳ϡ
֮о׹ƺضţŭѡոյľײرɫҲѳһ޴ĿӣĿġ
ҶƴڴŴƯڰ֮ϣۼѾѪܵˣɼǵѪۣ¡
ҶƻҲǺˮ۲ϲţȻӵǿ壬ɱӥǴһצȥڵģ
ȻǹůۣĲҲͣ޸ţ۴ʹҶƲֻ̧Ĵȥ
ҶƵޱǱվӥǴңұ۶ѾʧʺѪҺؿķһ㲻ϵš
ҶüͷΪʲô֮ұѾ˳תͨ㣬תͨ޷ɣ
ٺ١ӥǴЦһұ͵һ˦Ӷϱ۴ͻȻһұۣʮֶġ
÷ʱ򣬶ΧؾҪ춫״ȻʣΪʵܹ׵ĽܡӥǴֱӴֱ۾ЩˣҶƲŻ³
ҳϣȷȱǿӥǴ鹾һתɭȻЦ֮ǰһɻѣΪʲôʿǿֱҲףԭһεľʵĿɶǾѪֲƾܹԿ塣
Ҷһ㶣漴ӦԼǿԷȻԼһͷεԶˡôҲ޲ףΪҶԭͿ˵һͷΪεľںκξѪҺҪ߹ֻܻΪӰˣΪǱϾģɰ˰Ĵڡ
Զ㣬ûʲôģӥǴЦδɵʹԣĽ㣡
ڵʵƾʲôô˵Ҷ۾
ɱӥǴ͵غˣѾ͵
Щ֮лλתĴʮתĴǲݺӵġ
ʯһۣ˵ĳȥӭ泯תĴϹȥϾƵǿˣӦɱ֮һЩ볤תСԱģϾҲǴӷ֮ˣǸҲ̫Ŀ
ҲųҶƳӥǴͳûѸٵĻָԼʵô೤תĴסҶƣʹҶƻָô˿Ҳᱻºֻܶ࣬ҪĵĻָԼʵ㹻ˡ
ֻҪָٶȱҶƿ죬ôаѸٽⳡս
Ҷұ͵һȭǰռݣۻҵĿռϵ·ţһЩ߶ҿһƬĿռ䣬±ռֱӾУȻսͿԱ֪ˡ
ռὫǵһһĽãΪһ̯̯⡣
ȻҶޱȣӴ廹ԵЩģΪȼҵ˶ĻָٶҲѪǲϵĴ֮Ŀġ
ģҶƿŶں治ϻָʵӥǴһĪķŭûа취ѾΪʲôʱ򲻶һЩˡ


437 ǿи
Ҷ֮ϲϵشڿռĹʱĹѾ͸ˣΧôܹ֮յıܹ
ಣ
ΧʱٶȵļӳƺһңҲ˵ҶΧʱٶȱԱߵҪһԱӦʲôҲ˳ɱ
ƾһֻұ۲ϵĸЩȭͷҶƿ಻ԣûʲô취֮ɼǵץֱۣ۶û˿о
أ
Ҷұʮһ˦һ˲佫ǰǴĽ˿漴ԾһǴؿڣӴɴǴɫһѪٶˡ
ݺݵײһϣǴֻнûгˡؿѾݺݵȥֲޱȣ˸оҲʮֵľ㤡
һ֮ȻǿܹһҪ֪ޱӴģʵڳ첻ʲô޴˺
ɴ˿ɼҶǴæһ̤ѾǳԽǴԳܵļޣ⾿жôֲ
սǸǳתʵʨͷˣΪͣצ渽ŻϢԶȴĸܵǹɿµȸС
ԭǺƲò˵ӵģǵʵսŽеӶ˻ʵ֤ʵòͲȣС۾Ƕھ޴ķ֮ڣգգ͵ģϲУʵȴǸǵãͨǽźܲ衣
һǻʨһǲɦŪ̬˵սҲȷп㣬֮սȷͦϲеġ
ʯսǸһͷˣƾ޴ÿһ׵ռ䣬𵴵岻ȣϵëƺһ㣬ϵĳһƽһơ
ԭʯҲԺǣȴԼȫĶ֡ȻԼԳֽ㹻տǸǿĻͷ˱ǲġֻʹ߲ͨĻͷ˵
Ҳ˳ת֮׵ķ򣬶ʱгĸƺƵСǧ磬ϵļѹһպƺҲͱһ
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Сǧݺݵײһ˶߲֮ޱȵܡ
˵ԡѪսƺǾ˽𻪳ʿķ߿֮⣬һҲǽڷɵ֮ϣͳĬЩʵ΢սһ𡭡Ǳеǽ𻪳֮еʿ²еǡ·ģǽһ˶ѾսһȻǲԹۡ
𻪳ҳһţȻȷǿֻнˣΪǿĴڸ˲ţѲʿȻѷƴҲǺġ
һţȣĺ䣬׵飬쭷ĿꡭеԪ֮ԴԴϵĶԺһ𣬷̶ۻҡ
Ĵ󲿷˻ûյͨģҲֻôһˡǸʿսȻռʿʹͨȻ÷ƴһʱ䵹ҲκβȺʿ
һЩԭŷҵˣԭǽ𻪳֮еĵϵЩƴη塣ѾˣǳѾˣǻҲûʲôʲôǣˣҸսһ
𻪳ϷѾѪ֣ԶԶĿɫʰ쵵Ĺâҫ۾
ӥǴĿΧһУȭͷ߬ƺ΢΢ĲţҲû뵽ЩȻôϵķˣԭǵȷѾǱƵ˰û뵽ΪʱǷˣôһյĴ˿϶Ҫԭöࡣ
̲סӥǴһƺ㷢еķŭƻûлָãôһһһѪô
࣡ӥǴݺݵ߬ȭͷһ˫۾ĶΧһУӷ·Ҫеһжɵ
ˣ죡һ𼱻ǵһѸٵıϮӥǴǰֵ̿öʿöʿڳ߸а֮࣡ӣǳģ
ʲôӥǴ͵һ㶣˫ȭ߬ŵķʵǳģ
ǣǰЩ˺ǵŵˣлкܶҲûһһ۲죬֮Σ˿ĭ˻
ӥǴסˣԭҪƾݺһЩˣֻҪֵܹӷӡ֮ôʹˣֱڣ⾿Ǹʲô


438 
ҶȻڸڶҲʮּģ͵һۿɫӥǴϸϸĥš
ֱ϶Υ̬ʲô˵Ļ·ˡ
ҶҪϸĥʱͻȻԶʴ󼤵ӴһĿռϢȻ̤ƿռ˲ƶ
ǿҶüͷܵӴƣаţҲҪӥǴʵԼԼһߡ
ϢֹһȻ֮࣡ҶԭôŵҲǽţǵҲ֪ԮôЩ˿϶ǽˡ
ҶԺתţȻԼǵλãô϶ӥǴͷˡԮĻӥǴ϶ֱ飬ΨһĿǣʿרġ
뵽ҶƽҲ˵ĵ˾ѡ֮ʲôͣôʱ򣬻ǿԶݵֵġ
ȻԶӰֳҶһ۹۳ˣһϮۣǵŵ
ߵһɷǵķҶһϳǵղĵĵų֮һǽʲô׳ϡ
ͬǿϢҶƿЦ˳һǷԭҵߣһϹټߣ󶼽ż֮еļ̳ˡҶƲ΢΢ҡҡͷҪ˵İ
սһûǴȥȻǻӢۡҶҲʮֲмġ
ҪôƾֶȥȡҪôͲҪԵֶεˣġ
ЩˣӥǴ˲òҰ˵ҲǼ۾ɵôģЩˡ
׳ϿŸڶŵЩʿһ˿Ц⣬ȵƽ˵ǰʰ壬˵Ȼһɢ
׳͵һŵҲĽһʵΪӴƺ𺳵ΧռҲ
Щʿһ¶мĿЩ֮еˣЩֵʱ֪ܵȥˣȴ⼴ҪʤʱˣǿЦ
Ǻûһʿȥǣɸǰ岻ϵսšһʿǱɢעһϣޱȵԴѡ
ҵ˳ʿɫЩÿȻݵļ϶ǳ־õġ
ϹҸԭҵߵǸɴ࣬͸ʯԼԼЩֲ֧ס˼˵ǰǳܲѹǰսһ
׳Ͽ˲ϣüͷĽһһ˿֮ɫ߷߲ƽĶŵŵЩӵʱˣϣ
䣬кЩܲסĵӾѾѸٵĴ˳ȥǰݺݵײһ𣬺¡죬ֱ顣
ۺʯߣԭ΢ռϷľΪߵĺղ룬ʱ᧿Σкüβ㱻ͨ塣
Զ٣౰޳о̲סƿڴ
ֻںĽȡʤôƽֶλʲô˼Ϲټҵ̲סĳ
˵öԣԭҵҲ˼ĵ˵ͷӿ˶ĺһͨ粻ҪǮһݺݵĺ壬ռѣ졣
ЩӵͻȻ룬ҶƸоԼѹҲԭΧԼļʮҲ˽мĶŵЩӲסˡ
ò˵ŵЩӻʮǿģ˵һһĶ֣ʵȴ㹻ǿ
ЩӸŰĴţһֱû룬ɱ˺Щŵĵӡ
׳ϵɫڴ䣬ɲԼɵĵӱɱҲ̲סͻȻ֣Ӵ𵴵ռ䶼ѡ
ҶƳûս֣ĻָԼʵ
𻪳ҳһţ٣ռƵʿΧȻͻΧһܵ飬ûκεԮֻܸƴ򷨶ͳͳǲҪġ
׳ܻһСǧ磬Ȼ⣬ʵޱӴĺɽĳˢǰĿռ䣬ռ䶼ͻȻѿΧһЩΪСǧ֮дû漴ѹ÷顣
׳ϵСǧȻ㹻ǿģҪȻͲΧôɵˡӥǴж˸һ˿ŵĹâû뵽Ԯô죬ѵ಻ǻྺĹϵôôô׵


439 𻪳
ӥǴһǣȻԭͣżҵĦֵʱǻǿԶݵһģΪϾǶ࣬ı
ڽϳȥʱ򣬼ʼҲԼˡ֮ʱǻһĵġ
ӥǴаţ׳ϵʵ϶ǸԼ˶ٵģһԻҶƣô˵ԷǶһôԼ϶ûκλ·ˡ
ԭԸҶԼһ˾ͲǼޱȣټһͬǿأûκˡ
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һתĴϹͺִһֱۣӴڿŰ˿־塣
Ǵ¶Ȼ֮ɫ̲סĳ˼һֱ۵Ͳ˵Ķ֣Ҳǳ顣
۸ʯԭߣҲֻзûн˵ֻһǿӦѹƣ˵Ļû˿ˡ
תĴôѹסӥǴһȺ۾˸֪ڿЩʲô
飡
׳͵һȥһɫĴǰγɣʱǰըȫһѪڿɢ
׳ɨܣƺǲΪʲôûһݶԳƵĴôһģʵ᲻Ȥ
һ̤׳ϵİڿŵ˦˹ȥ۽ȻƮƮ̲ӴմȾǰһ˲䣬͵ըѿѪɽ
ӵһǣܹ̺ޱǿޱȾһΪǿƵֱӷǣĿడ
ӥǴŲܵ壬һ㣬ɫȭͷ߬ˮһ㡣Լ֧ȷӣѾˣ
ণ
ӥǴ͵췢һХХƺԴ͸أ֮кò׾ۼһɢӴֱ
ҶüëһԸղһֱעӥǴһһȻӥǴȻж
׳Ҳ˲䷢ӥǴټĻ¶΢΢ĲţһȫԸĶˣָо˷ܰ
ӥǴȴô룬˵֮ǰ˷ܵĳȥͷսٻغϣڿ϶ˡĪ˵ԼʵʮߣȫʢʱҲȫԸ
ǰѾˣʣµֻһЩĿӥǴĵ׸еһĸо
ô군ôӥǴ߬ȭͷһһٵ

͵һܳܵһŵǰӥצ͵һһǽǵŵӵ˳ѪܣвͣšѪޱȣŻ
ǵŵӲ˼ĿԼǰǸ󶴣ղӥǴĶɾϣֻüܵؿһŻʧȥԭѪɫò԰ޱȡ
ڡ
ŵӵĶȥǿԶĽ覴ѡ
ĴŭĿԲɣһ˳𵴵Χռ͵һͣڿѸչӰӽӥǴ͵һƾǷȥ
ӥǴĿ¶Ȼ֮ɫ׳ϵǿģһͨĳ뻯淭ڣֱ߹¡죬ֱ顣
ƶһɵЧɲֻһһڶӳɵӵӴĲ
ӥǴԭµƾûкһѩϼ˪Խ׳ϵĹòĽжȻ϶Ҫ˵ġ˵ҲЦԭеĹڿȴôӴڲòжܡ
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ӥǴٶȾԹ죬ƳȥܺõĶ˽׳ž޴ͨΪҵĶǣϵ˿ڣһѪӿӿͷһѪ
׳̫˷ܣûвӥǴϻоˣΪԼҵĶֶմմϲ͵̤һٴνӴӻȥ޴˶Ĥһѣε嶫
ӥǴΣֻüĽжͻȻӱһɰҪתѾˡ
Ҷ΢ЦĿŽ׳ϣղӥǴĵطƬռѾʧҶСǧҲˡ
ʲô˼׳üëšһ𣬷ŭ
ûʲô˼ֻЩôˣҶƵ
׳ϿǰˣԺ֮еʯһɲǣͻȻ˲ɱӾ֮졢Ҷô
뵽֮ǰƽԼĻɫĻȥһŤߡ
Ҷ΢΢ĲţͷҲú顣ղڶģ׳ͻȻԼѣôԼ϶Ҫ˵ģĽ׳ϲôëڵĳ֡
û׳ϹȻû֡ȴ֪ԼɥʧһõĻᡣûиоҶƿ϶ǽ׳ϵĶ֣ǽ׳ʵ̫Щ
Զ𻪳ǣƣ


440 ²
ͻ𻪳Ѿȥ˴£Ȼڶڶɢ޽ֵ顣˵Ϲʱڵ໹ûӮ˺졣
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ʯ죬Ҳǳ˴ģֻϧûʶƵı·ֵɢޣû֪˭
˵תǿߣôĬĬǻľûʶˡڼǰѾ˷֮֮УûʶҲġ
֮ڣҶƸЩһڣƺʲô
죬ǸɱҲɱˣ治ΪʲôҪ׽Сǧ統УһתĴ˭ʲôʱͻȻǲذʯü
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Ҳǣôأ
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ҪôܽЩϢе֪أҪ֪һǷǳӲģüͷ
Ҷһȥԣ
˵ţҶ廯ΪһѸٵСǧ֮С
Сǧ統УӥǴϵţΧɽʯϵıѣҶƺʯ˺סʵСǧᱻӲĲ
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ߡӥǴмЦЦתͷΪҪôҪҲĺңҲĹסһĳ裡
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ܵҪȴȻԼȻʲôֻܿҶޱŵԼǰЦš
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Ҷкһ͵һӥǴؿڣԶԶ߷ɳȥͬʱȵȻ
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Ҷһ㣬ӵʲôʱ磿УôϰЩͨз
ӥǴһ˿֮⣬һЦôѵǻ岻ɣΪһôˣ
Ҷһŭ͵һźݺ̤ؿڣһ㣬㵽˵˵
ӥǴŶʱȥһ룬һѪ˳ŭĿԲ˵
ҶƳ˼˰Σ̾һĬĬջؽţ߳Сǧ֮С
ӲǲеˣӥǴͱѼӻҪӲԼû취˿ˡ
ƽʱҶֱӹϵĽɱˡɱɱã֮Ҳպ÷ִ磬ָо˺ջ
ٴλصҶƳüУû취нҪ֪Ķ³
ûʲô룬Ȼյףô϶нҿһյġֻҪʱʱ̿ս׼ͿԣȻɳȷӣôǽӿ϶̫ˡӰ
ҾҲǣûЩʵߣʱȻη壡ʯ˵ͷ
ô죿Ҷ̧ͷ˵
ˣŰɣ˵Ժ󻹻ʲôôգգ۾


441 Ļ
޵׵Ԩ޶һתĺɫϢͻȻ漴ΧռһҵŤֵ֮
䣡
ԨײҵĺԼΧռӴŤ
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漴һ㱡Ĥƺһ㣬ķ֮мĲơ
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ɫӰӴ޵׵Ԩ֮Ծٶȼ죬ۻңΪԼĻþһ㡣
Ϊ׵ǸӰЦ˼ĶЩӰ˵ЩʲôͬʱЦЦ̶
⼸Ӱٴػأ޵׵ԨԱߣƺʩչһʲôֻͨԨ˲ѿһ޴ĿӣһһӰڶ࣬ռ䲨ңϢֱ
𣡡
Ϊ׵ǸӰ͵شһ̲֮޾ķŭ
ЩӰҲһš
֮Уӽյ˫͵з˵ľ⣬弱ٵûڿռ֮УѸ֡
죬ѴϡλټҪ̣ӷԸǰʿ
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˿ܻôӣȻҵ֣æҲƵĳȥֻһüĵ̾ϢȻƿ˷ӡֻǣ֪Ǿλð
˯ʵҶƱټλҪµĶɫԶѣҲµ˾ʲô顣
Ҷĵһ£ǵѯ˵ǲǣѾƿӡˣ
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ҶƿЦζûڣûˡ˵ţҶƵѸСǧ֮УԼĪκʱ䣬ҶƾѾӥǴСһ˳˻һǡ
ӥǴȻһǷϣȴڸǲס˫֮еĿȣǵڵˣѾƿӡ˳½ֻҪ꣬ͻᱻȫռ죡ʱȺ⤡
Ļû˵꣬ΪҶѾһߵ°ϣӥǴһҽУݺݵĳ浹ȥһѪ°Ѿˡ
ӥǴɴ˫ۣŭĽе˵ʲô˭Ҳ
죬ôصְһʹļ׵ӵôص֣һǿɾ͵òҪ֪Ϣˡ
ҶƷ߷߲ƽ˼棬˫֮˸ȼŵŭ
㻹еôͱʬˣҶߵĶ仰Ťͷȥ
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ӥǴ°Ҳǻָ˻ݺݵһĭɵ
ǵڲԶˣ
ûаַŭЦٴνӽӥǴô֪ǲĶأȻʹ÷ļɣͨ໹һҪļ
ӥǴתۣмƳһۺ죬ߵȺĪҪ̫ΪǣҪļôѾżˣ
ӥǴЩģοթأһ仰ʹӥǴڲһЩ鱨
ҶƸ˽ԶȻļô˵ǻʲôأȥ΢ƣûκһٴʤİɣĽǲ߻Ѿõġ
ӥǴôмûзԼѾ˺թӵȦ֮ء
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ҶԺ֮֮У鵤ӡһЦ
ӥǴȻûзǼŭĺЩյĲͼļļ˾ģ϶ЩͼҪǿһ򱶣
һ˿Ȼعͷ˽˼񣬽ԶԷеһĨǡ
ܹ̻շϰͨĴ˾Ǻηʥ
Ҫ֪һֻ֪ģôһսʲôô


442 
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ӥǴһЦֹͷһҲ˵ӡ
ҶüͷϢҲײˡ
Ҷ׼ӥǴӻСǧʱͻȻ
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ѶˮҶƺɵ̧ͷ˿⴫ѶˮڲͣĻζţš
һæ漴һҵĶӣȷӻ˳ôѾ˽𻪳˰ɣѾҪӽ𻪳ˣԤƻ·̡
ȻҶסѶˮָǲѡ
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ҶƲŵĿӥǴиһĽ
ӥǴĶӣĻӡ
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Ҷƶ˶񣬵԰ɣ֮졢Ҷơ
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ҪʲôǸޱԶҶƶܸоޱȵơ
ܼ򵥡ҶƵʵΪߣȻȨҪĶڽ𻪳ǣٰһĵᣬҹ·ǰ֤ɳͬʵһұԡӮˣǾ͸ҹ磡
ŶأǸȤ
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ۼȻǣһһ򾡣Ҷƽ
أ
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ٴռ𻪳ǣֻһοɲˣǿӣȻû˸ǰȥɧš
ųһϢ
ȻҪڽ𻪳ھеᣬ֮졢Ҷһۣɸǰ֤
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Ҳ˵ˣߣ޷ҪǵʵʿİϷΪ£ʱҲһΪҶԱʿ߷߲ƽ
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ôòõϣ沿һƬռŤûƵͨ㳤תʶҲ͸
Ҷڽ𻪳ͣգڵνĿ𻪳ϷͻȻŤһڶ֣һյĹ͸ڵ۶С
һؾתⶸȻâţһɫ͸Ļ˽һƬʮ򣬺嫵Ϣ춯أһֱչַصֶΣóʿȾη
߳һƬĴЦ˴εὫʿ߿ɽ硣Цſ񣬺ΪǿƣԳʿû˿˼˵ձ»صڡ
һЩ岻ʿɫչڣ磬ЩΪǿ඼гתΪ
ҶƻȺн磬ڲѰڷؾɵΣһЩ欵Ůӣƴ䣬Ҳ֡
Ҷĸں֮µˣӡӰԼʯͺԭҲҪһҶƺòײ˦ˡ


443 ֤
Ҷһ̫۵ĽˣȵϹ˫Ҳ˴˵ء
Ϲټļ̳Ϲ˫ҲǱøӵǿ޾ĵ֣˿˿ϼâڣӰ裬һ˻֮ҹе£ڶʿĿ׷к
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ҶҪʿߵļ֤֮£۵
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Ҷ΢΢ŤŤ壬ЦǾɣҲҼʶһ£Щ壡
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ϬŭĻ¶ڲǼϵĽҲ˸ź˵ĺ⡣·ҪҶƵؿڶ档
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ÿµļһϢǿƣǰ֮оȻд־ȻԷ壬пܻʤ
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ƼݻһС磬ԼܹƲʺɽļԻռײʿ󺧣ҶֲԼǣҶֵܹһô
ôܣȻܹ÷ˣ̶ȣȻȱҪһ֣һʿǿߺ
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Ҷһ˿мϬЦֺؼ¡¡صޱȣ͸Ϻһɱ壿ҴδϣղֻҲˣԴԺ֮أع֮
˵ţҶŷ֮ϣ㺮ǰɱ죬ԣɽ׳ӡڣƺδ⹥С


444 ƴ
ܹҲУҶƵһ䣬ͬʱ͵ػƵһתһӴͻȻڶΧĿռ䣬Ŀռ䲻ϵš
ϢĳһɫĹâ漴Ϊһ϶͵سȥҵĽţ͵شСǧ֮ڳˢӴĺЯſѹǧŵ̬͵سϬѹ˹ȥ
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ǿķ֮ϬüͷǴӵͷ䣬ֱһȭҶƵȥԳƤ³ҶһҲûʲôԼһȭֱܹȡҶƵģ
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ߣҪҶƴôϬû˭Ϭһ˿⣬һȭȥдȵȥ
ҶƵȭͷͬƿնϬȭͷݺݵײһһһСȭͷƺñȻһ㣬γķ
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445 ɽ
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ΧЩʿԶΪԼĻ͵ֵסϬѸ͵ĳײҶҲǹ̥һˣ
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ҶƵĻΧڶʿЦǶ֪һǿֲġ߸ϵġ˭֪ҲôǱʱȻ̿ѡ
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ҶüëԼǱΪԶ໯ˣԼԼֻʹѣ˵ԶڿԶѪҺ֮ǳͷβһԶֻģһԶһѡ


447 Ե
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450 һնΪ
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֪ϵʱԽãԼҲԽԽԣȵҶƵֱָ˵Լ
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ҶƸоħôţ¶Щ̫ڡ˵ħǵһμԼԼȴ֪ѾħˡǶȴӰǺܶеʣǿ˸ʵ˶η塣
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ƽ˵˵ͷһԼǣǱԲᷢս¼
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454 Ϲż
֮ҿģҵٶҪ߱ҲҪ̵ʱ䣬οδĵطܵ˵绹㹻Ӵġɫڷ֮֮һǧ꣬Ҳô˽⣬ҪԼʵķûУֻŲСĸöѣڰ֮ڴﵽܸұȼĳ̶ȣ˵ʵĺѡ
ǰҶޱȵֱӣһһٵѾ׼
ȻŻ󷨣ܹٶһ˿Ը϶ģ˵㻹ܹﵽΪˣҲԶԶġΪħƽˣʵҪ֮ϣȻѾʳת۷ʵǾͻƳתŲСĲࡣôһƿǧꡣҲҿͻƵǸ磬ЩȻ͵ˡҪסԤ֮еľһ˿ɬЦ⡣
ҿյĿԡʵǿֻǾﲻѣǶڽǧ˵ѾǷǳѵõˡֻȱʱ䣬ʱѣ̾˿
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һ߸֣һһƺصľ棬ȥ⵽ˡ߸֣⡣֮Уȷ̺һ޾ΣաֱȥȻо˫ͻȻ֮һĻþУ̶һԼ־ϵսУһͷĿѣŻ
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ҶƵڿڷţ͵ƹɽ壬ԶȥڶԪ壬ҶҲøǾᣬ˷ʱ䡣ȻЩԪУǺ׷ҶƵء
ʱԶĵ棬һ˶ͻȻѿ޾ĳ֮Уһ˫۾ס˵ͿշӵҶơ֮У̺޾ɫҲһ˿˷֮⡣ȫ˿ʱ龰
ҶȴǻȻƹд߸աֵɽ壬ͻȻ͸оǰһǿϢ޵Ϣûġ
ƺ뵽ʲôҶͻȻԼСǧ˺ѣ̫ǴӲͳ
ӵǰ֮ϣһȦĻ̫ǣҶ޻˵ˡ̫ԼСǧڹһģԺȲûսȻ˱졣
ǰɣˣҶû˻̫ͷһ£̫ĵЩ
ˣ﾿̫ãĴɨţѯʵ
Ѿ뿪磬ҲҶʼ磬ʵ
ǰ޵ϢأҪսҪĸǣ̫ǲ
ҶҲûйܻ̫ô룬ֱһ¿ϻ̫ǱϣЦֻҪδٹȥ֮Ȼ㴫ڽӴҪ֪ХǵѪޱġ
塭һõĻ̫·ͻȻ뵽ʲôĵ飬ɫһ
ҶķʲôԣĬһôˣ̫ǣ㲻ˣ
ûʲôֻһЩ¶ѣϣȥ֮ȥһĸסδˡ̫ЩʣԻ̫ԸȻҲ˸ԡ
㡭ǳڷ磬ĸ׾ȻڡôҶƾޱȣҪ֪̫ǵʱֻǶСǧһȺ޵ͳѡ
ȻˣֻĸױĴΧΪ˽ıȳȥƿռ佫͵˷磬Ҿǳ˯ʱѾȥǧʱ䣬ֻص磬ֻϣĸ׻ϵطһ˵һõĻ̫ǣҲĵỨ
ĸ׸㱻ΧϹʱһֵʱôҶޱɻ
ţʱĸ׸ղң弫ΪĴкöʵǿģĸ׹ѲڣڶΧˣƾ˲еͨ˿ռ䣬˳ȥ̫۾Ѿˮ
ĸףȻΰģǣԼĸأҶգһɱ˸лͷ


456 ͻϮ
ұֻ֤Ҫȥһĸž۵ģҶƵ
ãллı֤̫ǵͬʱڿпʼѸٵƶţĿǰǸǿϢ
Ҷڻ̫Ǳϣ˫ĿֱԶƯڿеǸӰʲôޣ
ԶǸƯ֮ϵӰһֻɫƾ޻ͷһ˶ġ֡ޱȣʮǿ
׻ƻתޣߣѪҵһֻ޶ѣʵɵѹ̫ǺܿԼ
ŶʵҼǵһαչ֮ʱ㲻ǳתôҶޱɻ
ѵʵͲǲХǵѪʮǿģȻҲҪһҪࡣѪĹǰٳ߸ͷһ񱾴Сǧڿô꣬Ѿǳתʵˣ̫ǽͷӱǿ֮Ź̵ıϢʮֲмĿǰİ׻ƻ
ã֮սܸ֮ṩСİˣҶƵ˵ͷ
ùֻèֱӳȥҶƸ̫´
̫ǵͷ˼ҲǽҶƵĻУֻ׳͵ڵһţΪһӴĺӰͳǰ׻ƻȥٶȼ죬ۻҸ䱾
ֻϻӿкĺ࡭ʿѪ⣡Ҫԣ
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Ҷδջȭͷ˦˦ȭͷմȾѪѹޱȵ治һ֮С
Ҷи˲䣬һͻȻֵΣոжʱҶҲͻȻһ
ţǿҵʱͻȻ֮䣬Ҷƾ͸оĴ֮УһǿҵͻȻ飡µĵ棬ͻȻըһɫͷһſѪڣݺݵҶơ
ͷſ죬ƺܿȫڱߵɺ֮ɫϵĴҶƱǿ֮УŻ
ʲôޣҶƿͻȻӵ´ܳɫͷһˮô󣬹һƬ֮УȫӰӣһϮҶ̿ɫͷʵ൱ڳת֮׵ĸ֡
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣ҶƵ˲ʩչλӰĲͻȻһʧȻ뿪̫ǵıͷϷһƺƺƵȥ
ǾѾǣܵҶһ̺֮ŵӴæĳŲȥǳԼ󣬲Լ׵µġ
Ȼ򲻹Ǿܣ
ˮͰһ֫͵ڿŤ˼£漴βѸٵתæԸٶȳŸղŵĵ֮ȥͬʱһĲҽУȷҲǲϵӭ洵
Ҷһ˿մ¡ռĵѳ˵ѷ졣
ȻҶˣǻ̫ǿûУͭһ˫һֱߵ壬תҪܣǺſ͵ؽ׳β͵˿УݻƾߵƤݺݵ֮У㴥ĿĵѪ֮ɫ
߷Ť壬ҵʹҪӷŻ̫ǵݣȴֻνˮͰһ֫ٴλɼǵѪۡ
ҶһЦ߹ƻղŲ˻ȥ
ɣ
ҶƷֳǾȥȻˮͰһ֫˺ܴ˺Ҷƿ͵̬»Ǳ塭
ϵʧڿ֮У̫Ҳ̾˿ղߣߣϵԪŨҵ㣬Ż۳ɵĹһֻڵصܹѰҵõҺɱܸͨоﲻôļ򵥣ұоѾһǿĲ֪Ĵڶˡһâڱĸо
ҲָоҶƾȵķʵ
ûӸղѱٻʱ򣬾͸оˡ̫ʵĵ˵ͷ˫ɨܡ


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ҶƱ۾۾ʶǵصĴӿţԼԼĸоˣȷһز֪ĴڶԼһ΢иȴ͸Ӧʲô
âڱĸоܲܡ
ôǰɣȻǸǣ̲סǳֵģעһЩҶ֪㱻ˣҲûа취ֻӲͷƤǰȥû·ˡ
ŷ˲ʮԶ֮ϣͷһƬƣ֮д¸¸¡һƬŨҵĻܵĿյŤռҲǾҵĲţ·Ҫܲס־ҵĸ¡
ô޴ĻƣȻһֻֻôҶ𺳵
ѻȺ̫ͽȻȵ޵ļʶ֪ҪҶƻҪĶ࣬һ۾ϳЩޣѻϲóȺӰУÿһֻȻֻǳתת֮ǿȣʤ޴ôٵֻһĳתʿûʲôıֶεĻҲ˱ᣡ
ƬƣȻֻɫѻȺӵķ
Ҷƴʱ˿̣֪ʲôǵأɽ󺣡Ⱥѻɵ֮ȫΪеĵ棬Ѿ΢΢ݣʼһڻҪҽơͻȻ֮䣬ȺѻҶƣ˹
ôһȺѻǳתʿûһЩֶζֵסֱҪɻ
ֱڣҶƲΪʲô֮ǰɽ֮дôաˣ
հ
ڼȵĻ棬ȻҪúӦҶƼæ˲һϵʱΧһĸоֵסʴ
ͳᣬҶ˫͵ſž޴ĺ֮ƺƵĳǻѻȺȥռʱҲΪ˼ġ
ĺ͵ѻȺ֮УЩѻմȾϣʱΪһһĵ䡭ڿоͱһųɫĻԪɢڿС

ϵгȺӵĻѻҶƶɱ֮еƬҲ𽥵ıһ˪ǣɫϵתţϵӿȶ
еĻѻҲǴƬƬ䡣ҶͻȻоϵɱòʹ죬ٶȼ͵سǰѻȺ֮С֮УҶƾԼµѪˣ˫ȭÿӻһζܴӴԼ˫ȭҵĺɨѻ׷ױɱΪ˾ʧڿС
Ҷƻ¶ӴĽ⣬ɽսһݣΧռҲΪסӴƶϵţѿһ޴Ŀӡ
һҵɱֻ֮֮ѻȫҶƵͷ˿ٶȻص˻̫ǵıϡ
꣡
նɱЩѻҶƳһԻ̫ǵϢһټǰɡ
Ϣɡڻ̫ɭ֮Уٴδ˵ƺǧ۷ȺһƬһƬĽƣһĳӿ˹ҶϸĿˣȺƣһֻֻĽɫƷģĹ
ǴĽԪĶ䣬βܹ룬ֻҪʿЩзҲ³һֻ䲻⣬Իɱһûзĳĸ֣һҪСģҪЩĶ䵽ԼѪϣ̾ͻ壬ƻԲͨɥ̫ǵ
Ľɫƶ䣬ǧĽɫƷ䣬̾ҶƷǧЩƷ俿塣
ҵǿȻҲҪЩôҶЩŵķʵ
ˣԶðɣȻõġ̫ǳ˳ӵ
Ȼ̫ô˵ˣҶɲҵ֪صСǧ磬һжǳΣգ΢þͻɥ
һʼߣֻѻȺһαһԼȻǿϢƳѪȣҲֵס޾Ĺ
Ҷһ˫ȼн̫ǵĸʾȥ̫ҲûҶʧ͵سǽɫƺȥƣȻƺҪɫƺɢ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ڻ̫Ǹոճȥʱ򡭡

һȺưͻȻ٣ȷɽҪ֣٣Ƥûգһ룬ҶƵͷϣۡһ£ЩƷβ˳
ռ˲䵴ƿ֮ڶ𺳵˶Ĥͣʹޱȡ
Щ룬ϸţë͸ǿñëë꣬ٶȼ죬Ҷ˿Ĺ׹ᴩһתתƤȻҺ͸ȫøɵ³
֮ǰӰ峤ӵǿҲóһСĿɣ


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һĶǱױĻƷԶһı˻ҳӿȻֶοֲǷȴǼĴҶƵױ޿׵Ĵݻǵ塣
̫ſȥһŨķϢ𵴵Χռ͵һǰռϢˣһƬҲֱɢ˿֮С
ֻ࣬ոǲֻǺһֶѡ
Ľ룬һ껻һΡҲֻʹһΣȥ֮ΨеȵһһĶ䶼ǳȺӵġ
ΪĳЩǵһֻ޷ɱҹֶΨôһΣˣûûа취׷ˣԵú̷
֮䣬Ҷ˫͵ؽ˸ӡһƬ׽⻪˳γһ⣬Ĺ⻪ϵڿ˸ţƥ˳ȥһ㣬Ҵ󣬽ɱЩ䡣
ֻһ֮䣬ǧֻ̾ͱնɱ˵ԪɢڿС
ǣֻ˵΢ġʱ˹һͻȻ۵һ໥һڽɫ޽
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ԭں֮ԴҶƣͿʩչԪصͨ˳ʩչǵӦ֣ǿ
ǿԿ˽ġ
ûЩԪû䣬ܹյЧ֪ӴĻϯһյޱȻ˿ղЩ䣬ķȺһ֮зȥβǲͣ
䣬Ȼǿ߻գҶгԾСЩԪػûĶ䣬Ȼûǻۣʵȴޱǿͷۡ
Ҷһҧлûһɺ졣
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һʱ֮䣬ɱ
Ҷ״ͻ˫ȭ·ɣڿռ֮ϣһȺһȺ䱻ɱҵֱӱĩ
ӴĺɫϢҶ߲ϵ·ɣЩĽ̵Ҷϣֻһ¶ѣû̫飬ҲԭĲѵҶƳ׷
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һԺɫĹâ˲תΪȺٴηָ롣
Ҳ֪ɱ˶ãһʱʱʱ
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ͻȻҶƾһɣΧҲûϸţëĽͻϮˣܶ䶼ѾΪҳأ̧ͷһȺĶѾǱȫɱˡ
ֲʱӰ峤һֱգʵȷ㹻գޣ¾ǳתǿҲñӲĺɣҶƵ
࣬Ԫȷ޾Ȱ㻹ǿЩнΪָоһȺԪԼٶȽӽˡ̫üͷ
ðɣǰнǵ÷ɸһЩҶεĶԻ̫ǵ
̫һͺ͵ش˸߿֮УѸٷţٶҲǼˡ
ãҸоǸһֱǵҪǳˣ̫ǵͬʱ˫۾ĴɨţٶȻûһ֡
ǿɱ֮
ڻ̫ǻ۸䣬ǹӴƶʱ֡
𣡡
һͳĻ𣬴ԶȻƣȴһּζѹؿڣβ̼һ㡣
ҶƸо˫һڣӴƳľ˵ĸоʮܡһѪ
ʲôô
ۣ
̫̲ס͵һѪ
ҶҲоǿѹȣֵǸǿ޸ѹڳתĸ֮£Ҫǿҡ
תôҶƸоԼͻȻ©һģ˫ȭ߬Ľأɫһ󷢻ҡû뵽ô˳߽׵ޣһսǱⲻˡ


459 ƴͨ
ԶͻȻһӴҫ۵ĽɫâȻǧ⣬ǲöĿĽ⻹ҫ˲ֱӡ
ƵĲڣǽɫâҲԼٶȳ߸ĿƺҶƸµĻ̫ǡ
תޡҶƵ૵Ʊһսˡ
ԶŽ˲ҶǰףԹâɢȥ¶һͷ׻Ӱ׻Խɫƣͷʮϰ쵷ӡţʵǿϢ
Ȼһͷ𻢣ԪػۣؽУܹޡ䱾ʵǿޱȣǳתʵ﾿Ǻδ̺ʲôȻֱֶܹ̫Ǵʧɫ
ܺãǿ󡣽֮أô죬Ȼһ˶ûܣҲûнƣԶ档𾪣˫һ˸̹⣬Ե
ޱȣƺ̺һĪħ˲òȥÿһֶ
ɱ㣬᲻أҶЦѵ
ҡҡͷɱңء֮أ֪˶꣬ҲﴳɱҵģһûСһɱ¾Ҵӳ˯֮о˹Ѫ⣬ͷϵķҺܸȤѪ⣬˷ҾͿ֮ص뿪ȥ磬Ϊ֮ˡϴνҲǰӵˣûôõˡ
Բѣ
Ҷ߬ȭͷ˵Ӧþ֮ǰӰ峤
ҶƲϲвȣ
һֻɫȻۣ֮֮һץȥ
䵽˱𻢵ͷ֮ʱ¾ͰΧռҲתȥǿ𵴵Ĳȶҡôһ£ǳתǿ߳Ҳˡ
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УʵĲӰƻá𻢵ٶȾԹ죡ҶƵĽɫץϵһ̣ͻȻʧ
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ÿٶȣ
Ҷư̾һ̫ʮϵĳ˳Ҷ͵һȭӭȥ
СΧռҲһò𵴣ӴĿռĴƮɢ
֮ؽԪޣתӰҲܣҶͬ
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ҶֻоȭͷһҴʹǱ𻢵צӱҶһȭУȫȼһӴĽɫԣԵҫ£׽ɫƺһڻơ
æһǧ׿⣬ϱǿҵĽ⣬Ҷԭ渽ŵĽѹȥֳȵƺҶƵķӦٶȸӦ
ķӦȷ죬࣡һԶӳҪһ֣𻢴ɫ˫֮Ҳɵôһء
ҵûоñҪǿأҶƶԻ̫ʾ⣬ȥԼս
̫ǵ˵ͷ˳ǧףԶԶĿҶƸ𻢵ս
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ҶӰ˲ɢֻԭһĲӰһѾŹ켣˱𻢵ԣΧǺƺƵĽɫۻңһȭӳȥ𵴵ܲϵķ̡
˫צæҶƵȭͷӭӹȥﻥײһۿɼĲ͵ش˳𵴵ȡ
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ҶͻȻһ˸ߵױޣ͵سǱ˦ȥ
һֻ֣ͻȻһӴĻ棬ƺƵڿлΪһƬٴγǱȥ
Ǳ𻢻ͻȻһʵĽ⣬ޱȴۡǽӲıݣҶƵĹ첻ʲô̫˺
ಣ
ЩʵĽ֮УͻȻ̣ХĻգҶƷ
Ҷƴ󾪣˫֮ϲϵŤתһ˳ұܺòײŽ⼸̱ܹǰǲɱıһѪۡ
ҶƷŭޱȣ˫֮ͻȻһӴϢ֮нһѿͻȻ֡ǱҪ̧ͷȥǾʲôʱһͻȻѹ£գ¡¡ġ
˫֮ûп־壬ŴͣһӴĽԪڿۡ


460 Ľ
һӴĽͻȻӱ𻢿̺ӴƣһصĹ͵Ǵĵײ

ʯɽһ޼᲻ݵìֱӴݻǴ͵ش͸ȥһ¡ǴǽӲһ
Ҷ˫۲˸ţ˫ֲϵĽӡ֮ѷ֮ڣٴ籡˾޴ĺˮ޿赲ǿƣ͵ѹ˴֮ϣ
ûü͵һ˲ʮף𻢵ɴ۾ҪٴһŽ⣬ѾˣѾصѹ
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꣡
ײ͵زһ˿ҶüͷȻһӥǴԵֵסͨûɵֵסڵȱ𻢵ĺС
ͻȻһõĽΧڿоҵ˸ţ̵
һ漴һӴĿصͻȻȻⱬըֱ֮ӱƬ
ƬٴȥһɫӰ͵شܳǱ𻢡ӣȻǺˡ
˸ǿĽɫƣ˫˸ĵ̹ⶢҶƣԵ˵ˣࡣ
ֻǵһҶһЦݣһ˫ͻȻ֮ںڣڷ·˽һʮֿĽ׶Ρ
ǿʹһû취ԸˡҶԺ֮Ѹͷ漴һͳ𣺡䡭
ˢ
֫ѸɻΪצӣһϸܵĺɫҲ˲˸ͺڵĹ
һβ͵ͻ󲻶ϵҡţΧĿռҲβĲ𵴡
͵һ飬΢ЩŶȻһֻԶ漴ֵԣֻһѣȴ֪ΪӵԶѪԿԱ
֣𻢻ΪҶԶĽ壬һ˿мЦ⸡ǡĺһΧʼ޵
ԭ׶ߵ壬˲͵׶࣬ͷġҲӵ
ҶŤŤӣһĹͷҶ˫֮ûһ˿еֻޱ޼ʵĮ
ȥˡҶ죬˵
ЦһͻȻҶƵӰƾʧɵ˼Ϸôٶȶ˵ֻһЦѣ
˵ţ͵ֱֻȳס棬ֻǰצѸ͵ĳΧĿռĹȥһ¡¡ĺȻǿռȻһѿˣӴĿռϵΧƮȴ˺һ˿һ
ΪԼ׵ؽҶƵӰӿռ֮ڱƳһȴʧˡ
һʹ͵شС˲˫۵ɵþ޴ΪѾҶһºݺײС档
Ҷ̧ͷűһȻӣЦĿյ̫ˣ
Ҷȫײжôֲ𻢲
Ҷδ֮ǰƾܹһֱײ飬ʧڿ֮С
֮ǿ̶ȸʤ֮ǰҲˣôײ˱ΪĸɵƻȻ֪
ۣ
𻢸оԼڲͣĲ·˸λһһѪ͵شӿ˫֮ȫǲ˼ɫ
ԳǿΪǴĽԪɵģû뵽ҶƾôһײܹѪ
꣡
͵شһ˫צϵҶƵĺ󱳣ҶȻѾһۣǻǱץ˺üѪۡ
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461 ֲʵ
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Ҷһһĳű߹ȥÿһ̤ڵ֮϶ܹӴĵ𵴣һһССӱ˳
Ǳ˫֮ɫ͵һţ͵ػӷһɾ޴ڿΣһߴɽһѹȵ˴
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ҶƻϾûκε˼ռ䣬һ̤һڷȭͷݺݵĳ߻ȥ
˫֮кһɱȻ˫þȫѹдȵȥɣ
ҶȭͷѾŨۣѾΪצӴĽԪɵļߴϢҲоǰδеĿ־壬еľ
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ɫĹӰݺݲɫӰ֮УӴϵײţţ޴ռ䶼ڲͣ𵴣¡죬ֱ顣
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ԶĻ̫һ˿ŭ֮⣬͵ſһ籡ĽɫţȻſƲۣʵ̺Ӵѹܹƣ
ռ䶼Ϊ̫ǵŲͣҲǻ̫ܼǿĹˡϾǳתʵѡ
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462 þȫ
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ЦſҶƸ̫ǣݺݵ֮УҽԶˡ˵һõ鰡
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Լһ£ȫûκεˡѵҪڴսô


463 ڶ
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464 
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䣿Ҷʵ
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465 
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466 밵
⺮ɽϢȻǸǵģŸһӽƺоԼµѪܶҪɹ塢ⶼҪήһ
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Ȼ𻢲ں̶ֳȵı䣬΢ܻЩӰġĴӿн䣬ֻ̤ڱѩ֮ϣȻź棬ǻǿԸоһĵĺ⡣

Ҳ˲˱ڿе䡣˫ɨܣƺҪڱѩ֮ҵҶƵ֮
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ҵԲĴҲһЧɣĳһҶƻ޷˵ļ̤ǰɽ;
ΧХĿŴѩԼҶϸоЩܵĸоѾҪˣΪѾ־ϾҪһʮּ޵ðˡ
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ΣҶһҪɹҶƺݺݵ߬ȭͷԼʹ
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ȴһ½סעȻŸ෴ķȥʣµľͽˡҶƵ
ã̫ǵ˵ͷ˫ͶսĹâХǵѪڴ̼ͷɶϣѪǲη֣


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471 ͬ
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㲻ҪеھθУԼѡģҪġ˵ǹ𽥵ȥƺʧȥϢһ㣺ֻɡֻǡԡɰ

һ紵Ҷƻ͵һѸ۾ԼѾص˴֮С
ͬԼԺ֮С
뵽ҶƳŴ߶ԼͻȻ綼֮еԪԿһԪ衣
˫۷·ĸԶҲᵽǧķ紵ݶʶǵصķȥǧס
ƺԪϵĸӽˣܴԶĲľľѶϢ֮еõԼҪģҲԴصѩ֮ѰԼ֪ġһԪضƺҶΪףһԪ嶼ΨҶƸǰ
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ͻȻҶԺ֮нյ溮ɽ֮ϵˮԪشѶϢʱ˷ܾɢ
Ǳˣ
²˳٣ܵĻü
Ҷ͵һѸٵĳһߵĺɽ֮ȥ֮𵴵Χռ䲻š
ͨܵõ̫ȻˣǸûΣϢҲǿԸܵĵģֵ˵Լʱյǡô
ҶԺ֮ȴѸһ˿ΪӴʶʶŭ壬ƺͳԼ
Ҷһ㶣Լʶȥʶ֮еʶʶȴƺèһŵηţҶƸе棬Ӵʶ˲ǹʶ֮оĿ̽š
Զҵһ漴ݺݵĵȥƺޱһ㣬ʲô
ȻѾںˣ͸¶ǰδеĿ־壬һѸٵĳɽ·ȥ
Ҷ۾ƺǸоʲôһһȣߣˣԭʶǱʶҵԺ֮ںеԪͶҵƿ֮У
·Ϊ֤ĻԺ֮ͽȻ˴ССʶЩʶǳһۼһ𣬲ͬɫǲͬȺ
ЩǳһʶܲٿصԪ塭ҶѸһ˿ͷһȺɫĹ´
ۼ
ȻԶЩˮԪԭɢΧģҶæۼһ𣬱ıģȫҶƵĿơ
Ҷһ˿ĹʣȻˣ
ŽԼľ˲ʶ֮´һһСˮԪ˲Ϣʧ˿С
ҹȻƿǵҶޱȼĵ
ȻˣҶͦظʶ֮Ǹʶ´

ɳȥı͵һ漴ʹڿзŹѾݲԥˣҪǳҶƣҪֱӱҶɾĨɱ
Ҳ¶ҵʤǧ
ƺɼģʹת壬ųԭ·ء
Ҷ¶һ˿ĵ΢Ц
ԻˣҴ˿̾ںɽ֮ϣѾûκΣˡҶƶ̫ͨϵ
ԶһűѩţȻǱˣǷϵĴӿ£Ҷǰ򵹣Ǹ߹ͷ­
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һ˿ŭֲҷйֻܵͷĵִҵȷǰշ˵ģͱ仯ġ
˵ˮԪؾ壬ʲô˼Ҷɻ
֪ԪԴӳǷĸ׶εģʿĵȽ׻־ǳһתתΪ壬תתΪɳ壬תת壬תת塭˹
ûоתҶʵ
ΪǲޣֻԪѣûѪǽתҲǾ۷塭˽͵
ԭˣҶƱ˫ֵ˵ͷȥ֮⣬ûоԪô
֮ǰһɱˡ˵ЩɣǱ𻢡
Ԫز壿
ǵġ
ҶһԳźɽ֮ȥ޸пôһҪˡ
Զ̫Ǵźɽ֮ڿ˵ʱ͵شһףΣա
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̫ǿǱȷలµĸҶƺһ׸ӣһѸٳô£ղŲɱôˣ
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̫һߣ˼·йԼĲ
û뵽Ȼô̫͡Ǵһ±̾
ҶƵ˵ͷĶʹ˸ɫ⣬ѸٻΪһҶʶ֮С
ԱߵĺĿɿڴ૵ʿֶôǧ
ˣֶֻεһֶѣЩҪ㣡ҶƵ
ˣҪʲôԸ̬ŵĺܵ͡
飬Ƿ˽һЩҶ˫֮зĹâЦ
˳˼һᣬϾ֮ڣٻ˽һЩġЩѾˣûлŵˡԭסЩȴǻء֮޾ıأλ֮һ޴ǧ۵ӴƸ


473 ʮ
Ҷȶ˵ĻҲ̲ס˫֮ɢžҵĹʣգգ۾ƺǷǳһ㡣
ǧľ޴ƸҶв仰ȻѾȫˣôЩȻͶԼȻŸ
˵ǵˣұҪΣղģǾ޴Χʮ޴ĵÿһ˵ǳתʵʮǿޱȣҲǵС˱ᡣʮЩǰģʮסҪõĲƸͱȴʮסһأ
ÿһųתʵҶüͷȽ׵ʵ˵ǿҲôǿֻʮһʲôϵһϼܣȻ˶鷳ü֣ôһʲôµСˡ
ʮֻΧķʩ滹壬һСľͿУҶƿԴӺ˵֮иܵϣΣȷȷʵʵ顣
¾ʮְƵҶҲЩԥˣ˵ΪЩﶪʧǿ϶ǲܵģôǿıҲȥòſ԰
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ȥҶֻǼ򵥵˵֣ȴ¶˾һޱȼ
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̫ǱҶƶ̰Ķ࣬һ˵رǸͲҪʲôԱֱ²Ҫ롣
ǺãǾʹһ޴һϵľʲôҶƱϿȻʵѾǼĲˡ
һıоһĪļ
̫ǱҶƸֲ̰ΥҶƵôһȺ˺ƺƵĳˡ
Ҳ֪н˶ãҶٴοɽʱ򣬸оһЦ֮⡣
ǼաôҫۣѪɣη
˱֪֪ʲôҶΪ
ˣҲбҽкˡȻߣǺ˲ҷ֣ҶһջֱĨɱԼ
ʲôһôôҶưڳһļƣúҲûκΰ취
ǰʻţҶ𽥵ĿԶʴһǽνһ޴ĽΧʮʯµΧɢŰơƺж㲻ʲô
ǾʮףҶԶԶЩʯ񣬲ȷķʵ
ûɱСʮףǿ̺Ӵͨʯ񣬱Ͽ̻ģ˶ǷǳǿģӴٶȼ죬ֱʣĿҲЩ£ʮԹ
ʮ׻һ޴󷨣ÿٶҶµĲ˶ţǵ·
ȥһҶûж죬ֻ۾Ǿ޴ʯ
Σֻܵ˵ͷ
ȻǾ޴֮ңҶƵ۾ȴܹĿľ幹ɡ͵صХһڻ̫ϣٵĳȥ
ҲųҶ
ľ뼸һţ̫͵شӿ£ԭĿƽĽ䵽֮ϣһʯ۾ͻȻ漴Ͽ̻ŵķҲ˸ûκˮĶһȭͳ֮еĻ̫ҹ
Х磬ռ䱻һȭʱĴӴҳ壬Ҷ˿壬͵һȭҲǺƺƵӭȥ
ʯԼĪʮ׸ߣȭͷĥôȫռҲѿҶȫȻ壬ƴû˭
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һ񱩵ͻȻӵϯʯȭͷϵĺɫ͵˸һ£ǹͬ۾һȭͷ棬Ҷƴ

Ҷһȭʯȭͷ棬޴ĽӽľҶƵ޲һ£̫΢һǶ޴ĳʯһģȻֻƾ޴󣬵廹ûסҡ˼²վȡ
ƺǴʲôһ˲ʣʮһʯϵķҲ˸ɫ⻪ޱȴۣ˷·ޱصĺҹ֮С
̫ǵɵĴʯ˹ȥѸڵ֮ϡ
϶ϸɳӣ
٣͵ػӶӴı֮ѸٽһʯΧֱֻ۶˺Ե˶һҲƺˡ
Ǻƺ쳣ʵʯô޴ҲûнǺ飬Ĵһࡣ


474 
ҶѸٴӻ̫Ǳ˫ͻȻ֮ûĳһӰѸ͵ĺһ۱סʯǰϾʮָһָҶͨղŵĽѾЩʯʵһŵ˽⣬ѡ񹥻ʣʯ񣬶ǽסš
䣡
ҶƵȭͷûһžҵĽ⣬ȭͷγһ޴Ĺţ񣬾޴˲籡ڴʯ˲ըѿʹʯݺݵ˳Щؿѿһѡ
֮Ȼ֣ҶƻǱɷֱһ飬̱ޱȡ
ӲҶüͷ
ʯֻһĻôҶƲѾʤˣǣʯʮģ
Χܽʯٴθ߸ȭͷΧռȻը죬ѳһƬƬģ쳣
Ҷ΢΢̧ͷӭ޴һĺɫȭͷǴ˿ҪҲѾˣþȫ˫Žס棬˫ȭ˲߸ɰĽɫ޴һ
䣡
ҶƵĥ̴СȭͷȻ΢ȴǲСɫâƺȫûнȭͷУ
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͵Ϯʯ񣬾Ȼ۶ɣֻ¶ϵļ򴦵ľ޴ѿڴĿġ
ôǿʱ˿ֻ𾪣ȫݲκζ
Ͼս֮У񲻸аַ񣬼ʩչԼͨʯĶá
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̫ͷڴŴԺöǰɫġ
ҶЦЦȴΪһ˲ķ㱻һʯһ̤Уٶȹ죬Ѹٵĺ˳ȥ˵һžֱӽϸɳ֮У
ʯٶҲȷ죬һһŵĲ̤Ӵ֮˶ԺȻһƬհףͷ֮Ҳʹľš
ǳˣ˵ͱ޴ƶĤˡҶƵͷͬôͽ׵Ĺ˺ġ̫ǵǿĸ˵ڱ񣬱ΪԪѹûжĤ
ҶݵޱӯڿʯĹ˸ʯͷ­һ߶ȵʱҶͣ˫͵һŪһƬɫâ֮ӿ漴һѿѿĿУ͸ѿƺԿһһ㣬ɽˮ㣬ɽӴ󴨡
ЩʯͲ֪ʲôη壬Ͽ̻ĺɫӡ͵ʯƶٶȷɿ죬ҶưΧУһֻ̽޴ƣҶץ
ҶһȻû뵽ЩʯٶȻͻȻ֮죬æСǧ֮Ӳͨһɽ˳ԽǸɽ֮ϣһ޴ĸɽôͻĳ֮ϣ
ֺֻݺݵĺڸɽ֮ϣǧ׵ĸɽ˲ըѳɱ黹ҪСʯͷĴҽһ̺Ӵʯ飬Ȼݺݵ˵֮УһһСӡ
Ҷڸɽѿ˲ѾԼ׷ɳȥڿķһӴĽɫȭͷͺݺݺȥ
ʯҶƵȭͷУϵҡţһʯûҲ͵һ쿪ץҶƵ塣
ռ䱻ֻĴݻ٣ҶΣ֮СȴΣ壬۾۲ţΧһʱƺҶۿֻϮƵĳץ˫ָ֮죬ɵӭŷɹȥ
ҶƷĽƽ͵شָ֮˹ȥ׶ͬˮһȻּ主ζʯһ˸գҲֹסһ¡
ҶѸסΣתǸһصһŷ˻ȥǾƵֱϣһֻƶʱܲסҶƵľ߸ߵ߷ɶ

һ֮ҶɨЩʯ
۾ɨʯʱͻȻɴ̺һ˿˼֮ɫ
ԭҶӲ˫۵ʯ񣬴˿̾Ȼ


475 ֲ
¿ҶƳԾСղΪʯֱֱۣ飬ǹһͻָ˻治һϢ
ͻȻǸոձҶƴƵʯϿ̻ŵĺɫҲǷ֮ɫϵƾȻֱ֮һʯ飬ЩʯҲıһֻƵģ
ЩйŹ֣Ҷüͷ
ˣˣʮ϶̻Ϲŷģϵ֫ǿ»ָġæ
Ҷ̾һȻЩʯݻҲݻٲˣǾҪôſԣ
ôһĹҶƱһӴƺɨȥһҶƵɴ۾һѪһԶԶ׷ɳȥ
ۡҶƵţص䵽֮ϣʹ͵سһ޴ٴδʹ񾭣š
һʯͷעҶƣԤ׵͵һ̤£նˣӴĿɿڴ
Ҷôʹ࣬˿ҲԼЦӲ˵վһռѷ֮ڣ´γ־Ѿ֮ˡǡöһŵķ̤
Ѹת֮ڵ˿ҲѸٵĻָţڶϵ߹Ҳϣ֮ѪЧǷǳǿġ
ȶ򣬱ϾѾǾԪ壬ʵǿȳת˲һƬɫ콵һѹѸϯЩʯ桭

һЩʯҲΪǺԭж㣬Ҳһһǳѡ
ҶҲѾָĲˣҵһʣʮһȽԶף̤ĳȥÿһڵɾҵ𵴡
ȣ
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ʯ϶ʱը죬Ҷ̺ŵİ飬ǰѿһӣΧӳȥѿڣҲޱȵĴĿġ
һҵķӶҶƺͨΧ֮пԲٿصԪӦһʯͻȻϮǴ˿תȥӦҲѾ̫ˡ
ҶƱ۾һԺ֮ѸһõɫӰ˲վҶƱӭǾ޴ȭͷ͵سײȥΣ壡
ң
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ҶɫɨΧʯоҵս⸡֣ƺȥЩʯӲսһ
̫ĴԶɹ֮ϸղŲСıʯɨУһƬޱȴĿ
ҲųɹȻûˣŪûͷޱǱ
Щʯʵ̫ѲˡԹ
ҶƵ˵ͷû˵ϹĶȻޱģ
ЩȱʯҲѸٵٴλָԭ״ƺǸоǰЩ˲׵׶ԸЩʯһ̤ųصĲԼԭλãʮվһʮΣӦƺһ˲սֹ
ǡҶƵгǰδеĳء
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ôҶһ٣ƺ
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һƺо˲һȣһɳľ޴֮޴η塣
ҶƺòסԼΣ̧ͷԭʮ׹ͬǰ̤һһ£û˿ҡǹʥׯµϢκ˵ַΥֻ
ԶǾ޴ҲԵøӵʥƺһɾ޴ԼԼǣʮ׵Ϣӿ˾һĸо
ʮ֣ȭͷɫ˲仯һյĺɫͬҶ߻֮𵴲ƬƬը飬ӴƲϲŪڳ˵񾭡
ӰҶƷŭĴһȺƳȥʮһ֣ɵľ޴ƻ󣬸Ͳһĳתɵġ
ܣӲһ´ﵽԪҲ֧ɢΪ֮С
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ƺֻôһ˶Ĥѵжоһ飬Լͬһδ֪Ŀ־С
ǱâеĵطСλѾΪޡ


476 Ԥ
Ҷ˵һʲôо
ղɹȷ̫ڿֲҶûмʱĶĻ³ֻһǾǰСλ湲ͬΪޣ׳Ϊ֮вƮĳ
̫ҲɫɷףȻһԸҲɵ֪ղŵĹ϶ҲԼԵסģԼÿ죬ôҲֻһ·
ꡭ
ҶƴŴ̧ͷзŭĹâʢһͳѹں֮УȻɱ֮ģеɶǲ²졣
ֻһЩʯͷѣΪ˼ССķģͿŵôҶƻµĽͻȻӳȥԶǽ֮еĻ̫ǻǱһɲеĿ־֮ⱻһ˿ʣµֻǺƵķŭ
֮УһӰϵţĴεţཻɢӴơ
˵ôһ˿֮ɫĨ˲仯ΪţΪʵӳɵĸо
Ҷâɵ̫Ư֮У۵Ĺâ˻ȻΪս١
ĳ˳һҶɫ£һһٵվϵһ˫Կ͸һе˫ۣԴͷ͸
Ҷһһٵ£Χ˸һĸоƺҶƲƬصףһУ䡣ǹĪԽԽӴֱܹӰ˵ĵزǼ򵥵ķ֮ͨ
һɴıֻصϢ
Ԥ
ҲҶԴƮӽϵ֮ĵһʹã
ҶĸоϵţֻϢʱ䣬ܾ΢Щ½ڷ֮Ҳڳ˼׷
Ѫ£Щָֻܿ˹ʧȴ޷ٶȲˡǷʲôĵر
ҶƺȻķԼֻôԤ̽һʮ׵ڣû뵽˲˰֮ãǿ̽УĴ۾Ȼô޴
ҶƸоԼΧһĸ֪Ҳ𽥵ܿԼԺ֮иֳһ龰
Ƶ֮ɾһ㣬ʮ޴ʯµĺɫɢаĹʣ󣬺;޴ƺԼʲôνһָоҶƺϤͺñԼʶ֮иЩԪʶϵٿһһ֮еĳֶٿʮף
ʱһдҶ͵̱ȥԺ֮еĳҲѸٵɢǴԤԿ̽ڡ
ԭ֮еǹӴʶ֮аҶ˫֮зһȻɫת˵ǾȫڻңѾ뵽Ƴʮ׵İ취ˡ
̫ԣû뵽һޱȼֵʮôҶİ취ǲ˼鰡
ҲҶƲԼԼǵЦȻҶôԸˣҲֻܵ˵ͷʾͬ
ҶһǿסԼڵףȻʮ׿ǿޱȣٿǵǹʶȴûôǿˡֻҪԼɹ֮нǹʶץʮ׾첻κεвˡ
˵ɾ͸ɣ
ҶƵһ˳ȥ漴̫Լں棬ʩչԼֶγʮ׹ȥ
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һʯ˫űݺݵĶԭأȴͺһӲһ̧ŽˣӴ֮ǰʮ׸еġ
輬֣ˣ̫þȫݺײһʯؿڣʯȴûи֮ǰһԶԶɳȥֻǵĻ˼£̫ȴԶԶɡ
ҶƳ϶Ѹٵĳ֮ڷɶȥ岻ϵڿұܣϴ͸ſռѷ죬Χʱ˲Ŵʮþȫ֮ȥ
ƺ֮еǸʶ˼񣬼æеʯǰ赲ЩʯҲʱ̤߹ҪƾԼҶƵĲ
ҶƸԸЩʯʱ䣬ĿٿЩʯʶ壡
ಣ
ҶƵڿеӰӽֽһ
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ҶƴʧɫԺ֮ѸתһѶϢоɫȫʧæʼ΢ĳ·ƶţֻԼһƵѹ
أ
ȻҶƱһƺȥȻ죬ֻҶԼûܶôصƣֻǳѸٽ䵽˵֮϶ѡ


477 Ѫ
ص˲䣬Ҷ̻һۿĲӰ͵سŽߵڳȥȫȻ˿Ѫ
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ҶƸոճŵ˲䣬ƺײһ͸ıĤһͻȻһӴĺըĴҶƵ屻ص׷ɡ
ȿȿȡ
ѸٵķһҶƳ֮Уոպ˲䱬ըʹо¶һ㣬ܡ
ôҶ𾪲ѣվֱ˫ȶĲš
æӴԺ֮ת֫ÿһ缡
ԭЩһֻֻļ΢Сĳӣ˲ҶƵڣҧ˱ƤѸٳš
Ҷкݺһֶεȷ˷ʤиеһĪη塣ǹһҶصУǶҺܲס̵ա
ȻЩɫСӱҶǹһֱճ˻ҽҶƻһһɺɫϸ΢ĳðΪɻƮ
Ҷ̾һžȥһС
һֳֺͨʮƽͨľͷһ޴ңҾҹɹģ͵Ĺڵǩ˵ŵļá
ҶüͷţߵģɻĴתô޴ңûʲô
Ҷи˲䣬˸оһʧأ˲ݣҶҲȥ
ֻһ˲ĲҶƾʧȥ֪֪֮УŭĸоӿƺһڸҪȥһУоɱ¾涼»ǰѪɫʵʵ龰ʱҶƷ·ֻص˴ǰ
еĳͣǰлѪҺ޷Ƶķ·ʱһϤֲֿЦǰͣķŴһֻֻͷɭȻЦ
ҶΪն¹ؽڷףĺӶϹ¡ǰռ֮ͻȻһֻѪ¶׹ǵĿצҶƵľץƫƫ޷ƶֺĿǰ׹צԼĺ
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һжڲͣĻҶƣЩͲԳܵ˵Ĵ̼һжɱ֮ĵҶ˵룬Ҳ֧ŵڵԭ
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Ҷ͵˫ۣеΣɢ̾ϢһһУֻá
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ҶҧأԼһ˸߹һ˵ûƴĴΧŸµĿϣܹάϵԼϢ
ҶƸеԼҲ޷ǳȵĸ£·ͷҪڻ֮ʱһɲ֪ǷͻɢЩм尾ȶȣˮ˵һɶȫ¶˵ʸоͷҲʼ
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ҶһѪĿѪָţͫ׾ܹоѪҺԼ˱ǵⲻǻþڲǣ

Լô
Ҷʵû˻ش⡣
𽥵ģҶƸоԼ¾ȻѪҺ֮Уޱ̹ƺȫϸſ֡

һŭĺֱӳƲ񷣬ҶƵʶֱ֮Ҷͷһɵѣ֮⡣
Ǹٿʮ׵ʶҶޱ𾪵ʶȻԼ˼ʽģҲ˵ʶǻۣͨѶԸġ
ʮ赲ס㣬Ҳ赲ס㣡ƾѪصĸ½ڻѪ֮еĿݹΪ飬˭֪˭֪Ȼ꺱ͬʣȻѪڵоͬˣѪѪôһˡˡ


478 ׾Ѫ
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ҶƾϲķԼϢ֮ȻͻһƿҲ֪Ѫصԭֱӵ˳תľ硣
ѪأԭƯŵĶѾʧµֻѪǶ˱ǵԼƯŵʬǡ
ЩľѾǱҶͬ˼׵֮Уôһͬȫ¿ͬλѾĸռˣֻʣȻûҵͬĶ
ʵҶҲԼͬʲôֻܸоԴԴϵӼ׵ڴɢ֫
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Ųٿʮ׵ʶôҶƺ壬üͷĴɨţһѪؾڴ롣̧ͷѾȷǴû
ǸٴҶʶ֮ôķŭ㡭Ȼͬʡ
ҶüͷߵûҾͬʡ
Ǹ־ĵͺţһӴͻȻƾʵľһ㣬ݺݵĳҶԺ֮С
ҶԺ֮һ͵һʹ漴üͷҲͻȻǿ˵ˡ
ʱͺܵһʲôıһ㣬ǹôͻ޷ͻơ
Ǹèһ㾪ֵĺǿҵķֱ㽫ҶƶĤ𴩡
Ҷ˫ѲһܣǸҲԴŭĽҧÿֱ֨졣
ҹ
Ҷһ쳤Х޴ֱӳ˵Ķԣһãʹ
Ǹʶ·ŭɶһֲãȻѾͬͬô
ҶƿΧһ޴ĹľԼƤķɢȥԼʶӦţҪľǽǹʶ׾ΪܸоԼ׵֮ͬĶҪǸʶͬſԡ
Ǹʶٿŵʮײ֮ܽУֻƾӴľԸҶơ
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һӴľҶƳʶҲͻȻ͸¶˳ֻһšǼʹҶ˵Ҳ㹻ˣ
ӴľҶ͵գѹ˫֮У͵תȥĳ͵ԼľһԵĳȥ
꣡
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ôҲᾫⲻܣ
ҶĸоԼľ͵ؽǹ䣬ԭȻ˴ޱȣ
ԶռͻȻһ𵴣һŴ˳ǱĲٿʮ׵ʶ
ҶһȥֽŹâץУͬľҶƼĽɹâͬ׵ڵЩѪںһ𡭡
ʧȥ˱ʶĹֻ¼ҶƼ׵ͬľѪһܺõںһһĪļͻȻҶƵļ֮С
˥ΪѪԭ֮в˽ΪˡԣΪ˱Ѫ治ȫµˣԼԼľѪ֮УѪأִһѪأΪľǧǸʶﵽһĸ߶ȣѪڵľѪΪ֮µߣٴδһ֧ȫµ壡
岻ûߣ
ԸȻˣΪʮףԪزûйʵǧҲû㵽Ҷôһ
ҶƺճǧѪһ
Ҷ̹Ĵһԭ׾ѪʲôƱƭ˵ģȻһȴѾԶʤвƱˣҶƵ૵

棬ʮͻȻͣеĶһ㶵վԭأͻȻ޺һصһ𣬶ʮֻЦı̫Ŀɿڴ
ҶƵӰͻȻзɳȵһʯͷʮ⡣


479 ˵
ҶƵĶԼЩʯȻûκηӳ̫Щһʱ䷴Ӧɵʵô£ЩɵôͻȻ֮䶼ˣ
ҶƻһЦ͵شʯͷ䣬ޱȵĶǵԷˣЩʯ񲻻ṥˣڲٿš
ôܰʮഫֻӴ֮ͨ˲ſԲٿصģȻȷдͨľѪ벢ûаɣôܲٿʮףûɰ
·Ϊ֤Լ˵ҶſƣѸٵʹ˸ƣʮ׶ʱжһſվҶޱȣ졣
ҶƹһЦôô
ɴ۾Ȼ鼸ȫܵģȴʵʵڵķԼǰ
ˣȻͨ󣡡㶣Žʵ̾
ҶԺ֮һʱ⣬͵ػһ뵽ҶƵʶ֮СҶƵʶͬİҲǾ޴ģٶȸһ¥
ٴں׾ѪҲǿܵõģϾǹһꡣ
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ô޴ʯ񣬶һʮ֮࣬һˡҶƵǲЩ͵ؽСǧڴ򿪣ʮһС
˸ʮ޴ʯһĳȥҶҲֵеһԿ֡
ȫȥˣҶתͷξ޴ıŬŬ쳯ʾ⣬ǱҲεСǧ硣
Ҷһ۾ԼľɨţЩԪһ´
ֻһʱ䣬Զ֮оͺҺ缯һ㣬һƬҫ۵ĺǵصķ֮ݲ
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ţ֮ǰǻѻҶƵ˵ͷԪ´
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ЩֻԪ֮ͼ壬ȫûʶģлżȽױȽϸߵĳɳ壬ڳȴһûС
ôһȺȺԪСǧ統УҶƵЦҲԽԽŨЩԿһǷǳİԼƣֶ˼š
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ҶСǧ֮ԺҶԴĿһ֮أԻ͵䡣
ͳǰӰŴͷģҶѸٽ̻˳漴Χһռ䶯ĸоǰһĿռѷӿƺޱȣη塣
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Ҳ֪˶ãҶľһҲо˿˿ƣ֮ʱ򣬲ͻȻǰһ⣬ĳ⴦ȥ
漴ǰɫĹ˿ռ䡣
̡
֮Уռһ˸ҶƵӰðһޱϤľҶĴһڿ԰ĵϢһʱˡ
û֪ͨκˣԼһڲݵ棬۾жļ£˯һ˵Ϊ֮صʵ̫ƣˡ
ȻĳϢǻкܶ˸ܵĴڡ
ӰӶڿ֮УͻȻܵһӴĿռ䲨Զ۾
ԭʮֽţΪȱ˷꣬ŷֲġΪռ䲨ںɽشǹϢһתӵеϢޱȵϤ
Ҷƻˡ


480 ĸ޽
Ҳųʶȥ̽Ҷƣ֪ΪλȴûмʱϹ
Ҷڵ˯ջûо̫˰ɡ
ҶƵ䲻ǧ꣬Щϼһ˵ʵ̫һЩشĵȴѹļͷ縺Σһ֮죬һǧ˵ȷЩǿѡ
ûκΰ취˭Ԥ֮еľءζ壬Ҳ岻ݴǵΡΪֻſ硣
֪˶ãҶ˸վ˯ʵ۾˦˦ͷһˮԪǰۣ͵ĻϣԼúõһ¡

ҶƴŸոʣʼ磬֮зȥ
ڿǳת춴֮ףӦԴԴϵɽͲҪʳҪϢͿԱֳȴϲҲϰ
ƣ۹󣬶˵ú˯һ顣
ѸٸϻصӰȺ򣬿˵Դ֪Ҷƻһֱڵţ˵첻ָһ˲ѡ
죬ڻˡӰƺһԴСǧ֮УѾʮȥˣһΪ㷢ʲô⣬ãҲƽĹˡ
ͲﰡҶЦ˫֮Цӯӯ
ôҰӰҲĬ
ˣ죬ǣ˳תﵽ˳תȤʵҶƵĳɳٶȻǷǳ͵ġ
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Ӱ̾һŵģ֮ڣת֮ʵ岻׼֣仰ûɣ
šҶƵ˵ͷĲ仰֮еһЩ֮
ת֮ϵ岻֣̺ܶŵ˼ǳת֮°תǿǿԶֵġ
ҲϷɣϾҲǱôˣô׵ľѹסɱ¾ģӰü֮дû٣ǳתʿƴ˼ΣԶԼСĴۻʤգȴȽϲأ
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ͱȽϼˡˣ֮ʿʵѵˣҶͻȻʵ
ѵĲϾǷ֮سģǵѪģʵôһͬʿǺɵġӺǷǳԸ
ͺãȻвʿʵȽǿǸ߲㻹ǾҼ˶ѣ̫ȱˡЩǿߵȫ£ܲɾҶƻЩǵ
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ȻҶƵ˵ͷЩ˿ɶǶԼҪ׷ģԼȻʲô
ʵҶĵƻЩԪԼʮףҶƲ׼ǣǲΣǽһȥ̫鷳ˡ
ǡǡһ鷳ˡ
ˣһʱӽǵѵ֮Լһʱ䣬ҳȥһˣЩҪҶƺ֣µǧҪ߱Ѿˣ´λʱһ۽ҪԼս԰ɡ
ðɡȻ֪Ҷʲô£ӰӻǲԸɣֻܴӦˡ
ûоκˣѩޱ鶼ʵҶѾĵĻһˡڵҶƣѾǳˡŻ̫ǣڲĸ·
㻹岻ҶüʵϾϹʱڵʱ򣬾˵Ҳǧʱ䣬ƾХǵѪԴôãôʱȥ˷ǣ˭ĵط񻹴ڲˡ
ҼһСɽ֮У̻һЩһǲ˲ģȻһϹ֮ս崳룬Ǹ⡭̫ǵ󣬵ȴ͸һӼ
ҶҲ˵ʲôˣҲһְԹᴩǧĵȴְͽĸˣΣ
뵽ԼĸףҶƲޱȵǿһ˿ЦݣǸάԼŮˣֻ֮С
Ҫ˵Ǳʶ֮еһԸǾǻصټһԼĸ׸ף


481 ɫС
ҶҲԼ뷨㲻쿪ǰҫǰ߹ȵʵ㹻ǿֱӿԽλģҲͿԻص򣬵ôȥˣ˭ԼĸĸǷȻأ
˵ҲǳҶ缸ʵȺһ죬޾ԼĸĸȴɰѲϲһ涼֪ǲݳޡ
ǿЩѹ˻ȥҶƵ̾һȻ̫Ѿ뿪ǧˣȻ뿪ʱֻһ̣μȴñΪһӡ˻̫Ժ֮УҶƣѰԼ֮еƬɽȡ
ӻ̫ǵĿпԴĵɽϱߣЩľ룬Ҷƴ˿ҲѾ˳ת춴֮ףԭޱǿҶƱɽţȻǸӵ绢㼲Ҳʲôƣ۵ĸо
Ҫһ㣬Ҷڻ̫Ǳϵġ
̫м֮ȻͣϢһ̲ͣĸ·
·ϣҶʿЩʿħŵģҲеŵģƺҲ˳ǧɱͬЯԿ塣ЩʿҶµĲХǣһޱȣҿǰҶҲޱȵңô۵ҪɱԽģȻҶƲη壬Ҳ㹻鷳ġ
粻СҶһϢǧҲøϼ켸ҹ·ܺᴩڻ̫ǿƺûϢʻ㡣
ǰ·֮󣬻̫ǲķٶȣһ߸·һţԼʲô
ƵһƬ֮У̫˫һͣסŲûƬ֣û뵽̫˫֮еļ֮ɫתͷȥеĿȴţ𽥵ıΪ˾֡
ǰһƬƽԭЩ͹ƽ
ôԭҼңƬɽȣôûˣ̫૵ȴҲβס֮еľ֮⡣
ڻ̫ʱʯ֮ԾһɫСߣСͷȻһڣϵĽƼΪҫۡ
С߿̫ǸҶ֮Ĩ鶯Ĺâһȥ磬ѱ档
վס̫͵شһһθȥ
СйŹ֣ҶƵԻ̫ǵ
̫ɫƵĻشȻйŹ֣ǲ飬ɽؾԪҪƾոһΡ
ҪǣСȻڴ˴ãǲХһζһ崿ĽԪصĸоһĸ̫ٶ죬˫֮˸ŷŭ֮ɫ׷Сߡ
˻˻
о˸ԼС̫ͣвӣһС۾ԵЩţ鶯ıһСϱֳҶƸӵĺˡ
㣬ΪʲôңСߵЩŻ̫ǵ
̫ǻû˵Ҷ͵ԾȻСһףƾΪκβҡǰСֻгתΪҶƸûзС
˻
Сһ˿⣬ҶƲвҪԼֵӣһ㵯ռȻ͵һˣһԵĺɫն
ٶ죡
ҶǳЦһӶʱղйĵ֮С߸ڰȫռ䶼ײˣɰѲɵ
ʱĲٿأұ㾫Ķ࣡
ҶνһЦ⣬ȴΪȣСĴ󣬶Ҷʱ䷨ƿؼΪղһ˲ʹʱŵֶΣҶƲǽ˳תܻöһЩ
ӲģҶЦҡͷ
㵽ҪʲôСкûκ;
̫ǣҶÿ壬Ի̫ǵ
СһŻ̫ǣ͸һ⣬ĽԪصؾڲХãڻ̫ԭ̺һ˿־֮⣬Ȼ̫ǵʵҪ͡
̫˫죬͵̤һϢصļҪײǰĿռ䣬ӰһСϿգֻǰצĽСڵ֮ϲܶſѪڣС͵һӴĿռη
ʲôشʲôа٣ɱޡ⣡ּڣСһΣ鴤ѡ
СŵǷӣ̫Сߴʱ䲢壬ֻųתʵԺ󻹵ˣ
ĽԪϢյģ̫ĺ
ǡԵɽ֮УһֻХǵϢɵġСߺʵĴֻЩ
ɽΪʲôΪƽأԭɽȾסֻХȥˣ̫˫ɺ죬ſȡ


482 ʧ
ֻǡ˵ǲȽЩ㣬Щ˽ŵͷХǣСӵʵ
û̫ǵļǵãǧǰĸΪ˽ͳ磬һȱĴˣȻĸӵ߳ת۷壬ΪֶμʧȥκĿܡ
ǰЩ죬ͷХǣҪתΪ˲ʧ߻ħɽȶΪƽءСηԴ־
̫һ㶣Լ뿪ʱĸ׾Ѿǳת۷ˣôǧȥˣҪתҲûܡֻ˵Ⱥۣȱ˳֮ףѶɱ
Ͼ˳ת֮׾͵ڰ֮ˣѾΪˣ˵ʱͻ⵽ס嵽֮һǳΣյ飬вͻ߻ħɥʧǣȻ屬ը
߻ħ̫Ƿ·һʧȥȫôôĸס
СߵģηĶ¶ͷֻܲڵط֮УڸղŲ͵͵ӳû뵽ֱǷˡ
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صԱߣ̫צأۼˮѾͷϵʲôƽ⻪ͬһɽʯ档
ûǴĽԪնɵЧ̫֮ѾĻңСߵĻѾһ롣Ͼȷǳתɵƻ̶ȡ
ҶƴӺ߹ޱȿɬҲ֪˵ʲôֻ̾ϢһڣҪοʲô˵ڡ
ͻȻ̫Ƿ˷һ͵ٴνСڵϣǰûʲôû˵Щʲô
ҶüȻ̫Ǵ˿̵飬ȷЩˡһ߻ħʲôô
ûûССɫΪѿƺˡ
Ȼ˻һ䣬̫͵̱ȥ
ǣڳת֮ǰǶ˵ЩСߵĻȴȼ˻̫ǵеϣ
˵
һ𣬳ʡ
߸оƣΪؾԪضɵȴùһ࣬һͷХǵĺ󱲡
ļǵãһΣٴ͵͵Ĳڵط֮Ҫɽ֮ͷХɢĽԪصʱͷХȴתߵǰǳֵģϾһֱ͵͵ڰˣ˵ԼСˡ
͵˱׼ͷХȴû˺ǺƵĽ˳
߲ͷХǶԼ˵Ļ
СһֱڰҵĽԪذɣʵֻһֱûн㾾ѣֻһ顣
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ǧ֮ڻزͶԽռ˰ɣ͵Ҹ⳥
ߴӦ
Щ˻̫ԼҶ֮󣬸ҲԵõʲôֻϣʧصĲХǲҪɱԼͿԡϾɲס
̫ûмᣬѸٵվĽԪΪһ޴ķУϵڵϾšƬɽʯϢıȥҲһһ½š
ҶҲУ˫׵Ĳط֮Уʮ׵ľ޴ɽĳ
ڣ̫ǴӵµһСӣҶƿæӹȥгԱߡ
̫ͷûκηӦŪҲǲ
ŵһѪȥӦѪ֮ſԼƷ㲻һ֧ХǵѪôҶһﾪˣ̫Ǽæͷ
֮бƳһѪС棬Ȼһҫ۵Ĺ̫ԼԱߵҶһͬС
ޱҫۣ˸Ҷһʧת˲䣬ͷԼ̫һƺһʶռ䣬ܶŵĽ⣬ҶѾϤھռ֮л
һõĽͻȻһХڿ鶯ɨҶƸ̫ǣ¶һ˿˼顣
ҵĺӡǸԲϣǳ顣
ĸĸо


483 
̫˼ˮʵĸףΪʲôҪѡףѵһֱڳתô
Ǹɵӣĸ׵ѾάȥˣףҲһֻϧʧˡ
̫͵̧ͷĸף㲻ǻûô˵ж˼ԣ־Ҳûɢ
һ˿֮Ǹطİһ˿ǣұʧܵ˲䣬ѾԭбԴԼѪ֮ȫȡ˳
Ҷ͵һ㶣ַǷǳģҲŸͬԴ֮µ˿ֻõӰǸ̫̫ˡϾɲһɲ壬ҷֱĻǡ
ǡǸɻͬʱֻ޴Ľɫͷ˫ҲϸϸĴҶơ˲䣬¶һ˿Ȼ
ӣǩѪǾ޴Ľɫͷ
ġ̫Ǽæ͵ҶƵݱһ飬ĸᡣΪ֪ĸǺģҲХΪϹ֣ƾǵĽǲмڸʿǩԼġ
ԭˣͬʣ˴սľǽɫͷ˵ͷû֮ǰôĮ
ǵģǰҶƱȽΣ֪ôƺ̫ǵĸףֻáǰݡ
ǣӦûûǧ꣬ȻǿʵͬʣţѾͬĴôǾ޴ͷͻȻһɫҶ̽
âһţҶƴĵ׸оЩůκβʡҲûз
ֻȸû̫ͬǵĸЩ죬ȴ뷨
ȻĻ˵һûͷûԵĻŻֵ̫ӣ
̫Ǽæ˦˦Դ첽ȥ
ͷɽɵ忪ʼڻ㷮⽫̫ǵΧռֻ֮ĻӣͰԼѪ֮㡣ʵ̫ս֮аСӵæ
ͬʱҶƵҲɽͻȻ֣¶Ȼ֮ɫǲûʲôӳΪ֪̫ǵĸǲܺԼġ
ллôҵĺӵչˣѪ裬ĹһеһУΪԺĳɹ֮·̵Ҿãҵĺ˵ХһûһתɡǸƮƺ˵ĵףڶԣ֮ȥ
ĿһһὫХһ٣Ȼֻһ˿Ѫ
ҶƻǴĻĲʲô
һ˿Ѫ
磿
Ҳ˵֮УеطڲХǵȺ
Ƿ磬
ɽ磿
ҶҪʵʱͻȻо˲伤̵Ϣ
ҪСӣ͵һĸ͸Ϊϸչһĸ׵ĺӡǸ𽥵ɢֻϵҶԺ֮лص
ҶŬ۾ԱߵĻ̫ǣѾһŽɫĹţĳδ֪
ҵΪ֡Ѫ֮ҵĺӼ̳УԴ֮㣬ǡͬʣԺܺõ֣ͽȡ
ҶƵɴ۾˵Щʲôʱ򣬷ӴĽɫ̺˿˿֮ѾѸٵ͸Լ֮ϣ·Ƥⶼ˹һ㣬ҵʹǧУҶסʹһûߡ
ʹȻǿ֮ǰʱڸΪǿҡһ·ڵҶƣϵƴССҲٴʹĸо˵Ҳûôǿҡǿ񾭣ǿԼֵġ
ȫУҶƸо˲˱ըԵ·²һ㣬ƺŻصܣ
ϢģҶԴһᣬ˹ȥ
֪˶ã֮УҶƷ·𿴵ʹĻ̫ǣǰŸղǽɫӰʧĵطݺݵĿͷ޸һﰡ
ҶΧĽɫҲ𽥵ʧ¶ԭɽȵӡ̫ǾԼǰͷСɲ벻Աţӡ
óСҲǼΪŵԵġĳЩòȻʿ޵ȴ飡
Ҷ̫ҲԼ˵һ߹߹ĹУ̫ҡһ䣬Ϊһʮ׳Ƥڡͷһ¡
ߵСߣ̫ǽǸСӵݸ߶԰ɣĸı֮꣬ԵõԪصľ
С߲˼Ŀ˻̫һۣӹСӣڼ䲻ϵĴŻ̫ǵɫвͼæ·


484 
ǻ̫ǲûʲôʾƺȫһҶҲ֪Ź֮оʲôƺҪ˲٣Ҳû֮ǰ˿֮ͯ˿̿һͷ֧Хһ
Űɣ̫
߽Žӹɫӵ˺˼̫ƺһ˿ηĶ
Ϊ̫ĸѪ֮ʵһ̺һ˿ԭĸ׵ѹΪ߾յĸĽԪأȻȻĶԻ̫ҲͲһ˿־塣
Ҷư̾һԼĲȣƺǳ̺űըԵǰĻ̫ǵļ򣬵Ҫ̫ˡ
ûʲô̫ƽһƺĳˡֻĸ׵ĳһֱģ壬ҸƲ
ҲǣҶƵ˵ͷ˫֮ƺκεĲ̫ĸ׽ԴڸԼ̫һ֪ġ
߰ɣҶƿһѾԶȥĸߣԻ̫ǵ
ţߡ̫ĵ˵ͷһĳһһӰ˳ȥ
ಣ
ֻڿռ֮һӰۻҸ嶯
Ҷҡҡͷ֪̫ǵĸ׾Ի̫˵ЩʲôԸ仯ô󡣵һжԸˡϾǻ̫ǵ˽£Ҳһ˵
˻̫ǵĸףҲûʲôʹ˶ˣҪģǾĵȴ֮ԼĵǸʱǸһսʱ
̫ƺ˸ԸһޱȳĬһ˷ǰ棬Ҷĸšӵ˲ȵٶȱ֮ǰ˲ֹһҲ֪صʲôͺñаħұ۵аħһһ㣬ЩѾҪоˣΪһ׵ġ
ҵͬʣֻһȣѾȫͬеĲλˣҲ֪ͬһʲôôϾϹΪϵƣֻͬ˵ҲûжôǿһʲôЧûھģҶĬĬţ֪̫һѾһǳǰ
ǳİɱ˾賤ϣ˴𣬶һõöĵҩ
ǡ
ҶһϹһ˿ȻȻ΢Цñط꣬Ǻ˼
̫ǣǰͣһ°ɣʮȥˣҿһԭûб仯ҶЦŶԻ̫ǵ
̫ǵ˵ͷÿɷ
ѸٽӽǣҶȴһֵ顣
֮ԽнǣΪйһֻɫǳ¶Ҳʮ־ˣʵ΢һ㣬ͻᱻȵϢӰ쵽Բ˽ֵ
Ҷȴ֣ĽΧǲ²ˣԵġ
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һ˿˼ʶûУǵһΰɣ
ɻ߿գĳųǳ֮ڸӶȥҶƾˣ
⻹Ľô
һԼˣ
Ȼ߸ߵĳǽôĺǳǽڵķȴһ㣬ѾûһԳƵˣӴḷ́Ϯ
ⲻôĽǣһѷ棡ҶĽݼңħô赭дţ
˿̵ĳ
ҶƵͷŵĵ૵ôܣ⾿ô£֮оûôפǿߣǳתʿһЩģǳתʿ֣Ȼôưܳģ
̫ҲüͷȻЩģĲ״Щȥ
зãʬЩʬûһģɺü飬еĸֻͷ­Լбֶšеͷ­飬ɫԽԼѪء
е屻˺ѳɺüΣɺͿһء
һ˼
ҶƷŭ߬ȭͷϸɨЩߵеŵģҲħŵģѵɱ
ܿͷԼĲ룬ԲܡеǰֻҪǻһ˿ǾͲɱ顣ǻ˭
Ŀռ䲨ĺۼΪأǼռûиԭһеһжгתǿ߼սսȻǲô롣
תʿ׵Ļɱôɱǵˣ˭

һҽֱӴӳĳ䴫ҶƶĲ׽ˣ˲˫˸Ӵľ⣬Ǳɨȥ


485 ˺Լ
˭ҶƼ˲ͷӴʶɨȥ
֮һ˲䣬ѾȷǸһŮ޵ƺʲôסˣĲҽ
Ҷ˫۷ҵŭŮ޿ܾǱࡣ
гȥǧҶƿ˼³Ѫ͵һĻ
һźͷĴЦѵĽŮڵϣ岻ϵʶţŮ޵Ѿ˺飬ţûκ;ǴѾкöŮ޵ʬҵĵһŮѾһҴˡ
СŮζ۰Ǹ̫ѵˣ̫ټˣǴһ߼ӿٶȣһ߹ЦţŮڴʹҪȴӳ졣
ҶƵԴ֮к¡һը˫֮˲ɺѪɫһ˲ͣסˣʱͣ٣ƺֻ֮ҶɢĽڳˢǵĻ谵
Ǵ͵תͷûп徿ʲôˣʱһɰľ޴ĹΧȻۣͻȻһֲĸ߶ȣ
ûκοǵʱ䣬̽ŮڳԼٶȳԱȥоԼƽٶҲˣвǰһжƺ޹ؽҪˡ
ͣ
һ죬ǴϢıҶһȭĩٶȹ죬һȭľֱˣ
ԭһͷת۷ʵĴֲôĿŵǣأ
ǴĴܳȥǧ֮ϾǺȻ㡭ѾԽ˳תʵȻԼ֣ѵͲ˺Լ
Ҷǳһ˿ЦԼʲôԼɱʿȴܷôʲôƨԼ
ҡһûеﳤתʵֻҪתͲΥԼʿԼģҪǸҶҳ֣ǵ졭ҪսǰȻʧȥһ첲ǻǿ򶨵Ȼ֪ҶƵĶ֣ãҶһΪһزʶŮ޸Լ֣սԼǰġ
ΪʲôʲӵԼΪʱ䣬Ȼսʱǰġ
ˣشˣһħŻߵŵĳϣƶΪһزʶŮ޳֣
ǣ
ԼҶƸͷԼģҶȻ̫ںЩԼ˺٣Ҳȷûʲô
ΪԤ֮еľԼͬ඼û취ǻ̸ξ
ԼΪֻܱԼڵļˣôʲôʸΪʲôã
ĿһǸҶ˫֮бɱһ˿һһٵɱ㣡
˵ţҶ͵һ֣һȵͻȻ֮ѹ£εɽͻȻѹ£Ǵҽһ˲仯ΪĩͬƬռ䶼˷
ҶƼæ߽ǸŮޣһƬѪ죬ޱȡɱɱ˵Ҷƶܸоŭ
Ů̧ӣȻŤޱȣǻǿԷֱ毺õݶȻûж˫̺һ˿Ц⣬Ҷƶлл
˵仰Ůһᣬ׶Ͼ
Ҷеɱ𽥵ȥתͷѾǣĿ֮ͫУ߬ȭͷ
໣
һŭĳХֱʣ˶һҡ֮еƲҲΪ˶ֱӳ䣬޺Ҳ˲ӳȥ
֮ڵʿ嶼̧ͷ­ҵĺвϵţʲôʵǿߣſԷϢХ
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𣡿Ǳ̲סģҲûҪʲôƨԼɱȺ֮УǳǵѪ̾ǵĳɹ֮·һʮִĴ
ǰɱȺ⤣ǼʶһǵһͷҲǷŭĺ
˸һ˿⣬ҶưҶƣȲع涨ģ͹ֲˣ
˵ţ̧ͷλȫĽѾˣλͷǵŭɣôûմȾѪѾﻵ˰ɣ
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486 ȫ屸ս
۾ҶԺ֮һ˿ͷӴĻԪǰǸŮ޵峹װΧΧʬ壬һճ˻ҽ
ףǣһ·ߺãҶƱ۾ϣԺܹ׽Ͼɱϣ־治ݣ
̫ҲѵõĳĬˣȭͷ߬ýأ𣬽ǿǳȻ
͵ķϸ߿֮УҶƸưܵĽǣ̾ϢһԼȫž顣ֻʿսİȻøƵڸʧ޹¡
Ȼ޷žǾֻ١٣٣ֻҪ屻Լߵͻ᳹ʧ
ɵУҶƶԻ̫ǵڱϽص֮УΪ֮ǻѾ˺ԼսѾʼˣǶ׼սҪˣ
Ͽȥɣ̫ǳ
ҶƸ̫ǳ֮ڸŵʱ򣬽𻪳֮е忪ʼ׵Ŀǽ𻪳ٽķԭңŷԭҲǱȽʸһˣ˵ʵħŻߵţҲ۸ӡ
Ԥ׵Ķչ˽Ȼԭ쳣ţڼĴ¿ʼķϾ˶Ϊݵʱһ֮ãԸû̫䣬ڸսӴʱͳһưͿ
ԭҵǿˣò˵ʮʵǷǳֲģͻȻɲһССķԭҿԳܵġ
ǺԭҵϵĶԮֵܼܲԮһδ֪
ħüͷеԮ˺ǰԼôҲ֮УôܻʵʵݷأսǰҲһ°
ȫħžӢӣɱλϵĴ£汾ĲȥԭңЩһķħӰƮ޴Ľ֮ϣ
ʱ쳹ħ֮УоӢӶˣȷҲսǹغսѪڡ
֮УƽҲͬɻ󣬲ȴûϸϸЩʲôսƱ⣬ᷢġȻѾǰǾǰӦ԰ɣ
æټʵսĵӣƽûнʲôѪڵݽֻ˵һ仰ҪǣǴӦô
Ӧĺͬͬʱŷɵĳڿа裬˶ĤͣƸ߰
ǾߣһȥǣƽȭͷȻû̫ĶѾе˶ѪӿųѪ޲̸ƴһһ
ԭͲô¶ƽ˾ȻԼټӹͬԿ壬Ҫ֪öӶǰƽ˵һĴڵģôһȻǴļģŵʿҲһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
֮Уи߲һεһҶ첻ڣǹͬˡ
̽ӴȻͻȻԷԭҳ֣ʼδģǵ̬ȾǼȥǵϵĳְʹ壿ʯüͷŵЩ߲Ҳ˸ԥ֮⡣
ܵЩƴһʱ֣һĻ֪ʿҪ˶٣ԭ뷨ȫͬҲ˽ѵľأֻܰѾȨˡ
ӰǴɱɱԣǳı߾̫ˡ˶һۣҲǶӶԷпɻ
Ҫҿţǲƴһʱվ֣Խһ򾡣Ҳڱ˿ǲսĹ
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У
˶ûб̬ʱһӶ⴫漴ҶƵӰ˲ɽ֮ڣһ׳òˣɢŵԼ޷ӡ
죿
ȻæÿҶ߹
Ҷ˫ͨ죬Ѫ˿ƺƣһ˫֮еãβסģһ֧ȻݱܷâȻʱ˿ûгʣʱնɱǧħ
һ˭İ
СһߣֻС۾ǲ⣬ΪԼļƻԼΪģǲ֪ҶΪʲôҪϡ
Ҷһ𽥵ƽȥԼ飬ڳ˵ȣȶԴ˵ǸΪǰʿȷҶ𡭡


487 ս
Ҷô˵Ҳû˾ģϾҶƵԸֱ̫ˣżͻȻѪӿһЩǶûʲôģϾҶǵ졣
Ҷ˫Ŀͨ죬ȺϷĿգֻǳŵ˳ת֮ʵ岻ܶʿ֣෴ǳתϵʿҲܶ֡˶һ飬תʵ壬ǿԶֵģ
˶˵ͷҶ˵ȫȷϾܹռоƵֳŵǺܲ׵ġ
һת壬ѧͨáƿصʱ򣬻ͬ׵ʿǵĶ𣿡ҶƷŭĺ
ûУӰǴ󷽵ĳϵԶһĳЩûһһĶ֡
ǡ̫ˣҶƷŭĴһǣǾȻǣʬҰĿЩɶǵʿͬˡĲˡ
˶ĬˣЩȻ֪ĲϸǶٻ˵һġֻûа취㣬Ҳû㹻ȥ㡣
Լʵ¶ҲԼԣΪؼǣǻ뽫Լ˺١Ȼ˺ԼôͱóתǿȥԸĳת֮֮Уתˣһʯ죬˶ǳתʵҶǱһͬʿǿܶġҲûоԵİտԽת۷ɵ
ҲΪʲô֮һֱûгֵԭ
㡣
Ҷλ棬ĳޱȵȣ˫ֽǰһµǴԤ֮еľҲսߣ԰ɣ
дģÿ϶𸴵
ֻܹһٲ˵ĻǻҪкãҶƺվն˵ⷬ
ȻǾҾҪܵĶһͬ࣬øֺܵҵҪĶ
ݵĳĬ˶ǵͷ˼ԼΪ䣬Ӱ͵վʲôҵŶѾ׼ˣϼӲ̣Сܲסˣ
ҲǵͷɫЩá
ҶԼ֪ԼҪչһҵΪ֮һĵģҲȷʵõ⡣
Ҷ߹ȥĺļ򣬵˼ҶףҲ̫ܿˣҪЩ㾡ȫ壬Ӧ׵ҵ˼ġ
ҶƵܵɫҲĻϾѾҶЧˣҶҲȷʵӷ֮ؾ˳ᱳҶƵġ
ȷҺ㣬ֻһΣϣܹҵһΣҶƺǳϿҵעź
ͷǺܼᶨĵ˵ͷõġ
Ҷƺһ̲İһ
ʯ켱æվׯµ
֪ͨɱ¾š׼Ҹһʱ䣬죡
ʯȥ
ҶתͷӸӰܻһӰϣţҳ
Ҳǵ˵ͷһԵҰҲ˷ܲѵĺʲôƺǳսһ
ܻϴϣһҰ̫ǣѾתĴˡ㲻ԸµһЩǺģͽħƽ˰ɡҶô˵ţ֮߳УսҪˡ
Ƹ磡һ߳ѩޱӭܹǵ˫ֻҶƵĲӣ˵㴫ʱԳ
Ҷƽסˣı˱ѩޱԵޱһɣ
ѩޱǿľͣĹĵҪһȥ
УҶ̷˵Ѿʧȥɶʧȥˣ
ѩޱĬȻӣҶҲһܰͷ촽
ѩޱߺĳ˼ҿ˿ȻΧܶˣǶû˳ɵһ漴̧ͷΧôˣᣡ
ҶЦЦĸѩޱԴޱԣҺˣһʤģ
ѩޱ˵ͷϹЦݣԵģ
תͷҶƺ޹˼ɵ߳ȣ󣬺ʯѾȺһ֧ľǿ
ÿһʿǾѪĥģվﲻκζܹܵһɱ֮ηһѹȸȻ


488 ս
ôһ֧飬ħŵģҲԵŵģģ˶֮һԱĥ֮УΪԼս
Զ߿֮дһļХһҫ۵İɫͻȻ֮չһӴƴһٵӰͬѸݵĴٴƲ֮дʱжѾɫ۵ռݣƻֺӴ
𣡡һ߰ĺһӦ
𣡡
֮жˣŵһȺԶˡ
һͷͷԶƯƺ֮ڣ֣߰ŤܹΧռҵĲţڶԶһ𣬸ǿֲ˹
ӰͻȻӿнεǱ뺷
죬ҲѾϣӰͬƾըһ㣬˶Ĥһ
ܺãҶʮɨǣ
˵ţҶ͵ĽǰĿռ˺飬˻һڷɳȥŸɱ¾ҲѸٵķ˳ȥںţһǿĺɫӰһ֮зɵ֮ڣΧռҲܲסͣ
ӰԵü֣ԶһǺܶ궼ṳ̂ȥˣһҶƵĴ£һԳȥɱķչһԶһ磡
ԶһҲȷҪһֻҪպ˵Ŀ
ħŸŵǿ߶ڷԭҳ⼯ᣬһƬƬһĿߡȼ˻սǿҵս⡣
ħŤͷԴһ˿Ŀһƽˣû뵽Ȼһ֣ħŵĳ裡
ƽЦݲ䣬ħΪĲһкηϾǹͬĵˣ
ߣħЦƨ²ΪԼħţ۴ñӣܲ𣡡
ƽֻ΢΢һЦû˵ʲô
ڶ棬ޱŵߣ֮г˲мζƺǸƲħƽһ
ǿ߼˵ĻⳡսҲûκαҪȥˣΪǿ϶Ķ֣ǰһе˶ᱻ˺Ƭ˫ĿĴɨ䣬ƺѰʲôˡ
ǸСأѯʵ
ħ֪ʵ˾ҶƣЦ湻ӲģҴҪ㵽ֶܼã
磡Цſߣ
ǣһҵĴ˳һߣƺֻҪõָͻ޹˼ɵĳ֡
ͽƹˣҪȥ˵֮еǿߣûаսʿʣ˺÷飿֮гѯʵζ
ȻУṼͷݣ뺷Ϣ¶ΧռһҵŤ֮Ҳǲʱһϸָ磬ȴֵĲ
ħƽ˶һǵȻǿλǿߣѾݣҲǳת֮׵ʵ
߳ȥԼƽ˾ûеԶԸǿ̰
һǰδеģµʵǳתɲˡ
˵ʵħк͸ʵͬΪתǻ˵µľ
뵽ħҲо֮Ѿ亹ʪһһǰδеս
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˵κѹأƺڿЦǿӣи˵Ц
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Цָ籦ԳܳתʵĶƴϣǲҪʧ˵ţһתѾС
ħһҪͻȻһ˫ס
ˣħ˲䱬ȥƾֱܹӻҷ𣬵˫ֵ˲ˣŮ
ף壡ƺƯЩĸˮ飬ͬһ京ŵˮɻ˴иеһ󴥶
ûµģŮܹ˵㸸׵˻ûгأħǰĵֻ˫֮¶ҲΪ֮ڻңǿ֮ǲʲôСеģΪûã
ǲģϾʶķſ֣Ȼףҵ
ħĵ˵ͷͻȻŤͷĿ⿴ǱߣһλŮӣɢųζòȻơ
ŮӿħͻȻԼҲһʶתͷĲһƬ糺֮ɫ
ħеƺҪ˵Щʲôǻ˻ȥŤͷ̤뱦֮С
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489 Ů
ǰŮת籦оȻžӨỨڵأȻԭһ䡣ͨϼ侪ˡ
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ûʲôǰŮӼæҡҡͷоӨˮʧ漴һӣû£ս׼ɣ
תͷһӡŭĶǱߵ壬Ѿȫս׼ˡ
ռһ籦ΧĿռҲ𽥵ɢȥΪƽޱȵģڿƯš˭Ҳ澿Ҫʲô顣
ŵ籦˵ǾǼٵġǵʲôأԼʵ㹻ʲôæֻܹ֤ԼϺȡ
Ϲһ˿̵Цݿߣ߸ͬ׳ĴӺ߳ÿһôƺűըԵΧĿռҲǵ²ѡ
ͬģ̤ȥ˲䣬ǧҲɢ糱ˮһ㣬ޱȡ
ҪˣʿеĹͬͷȻһǧѾų߳ˡ
׵壬תʵ˿κεġΧԶһСһ磬̼նϵ˸ţǿĳ̶˷ָ
û˿Եסĳ棬ƺһһǵǰĶ˺÷飡˭
еʿ쳣ľսеԭȹ̵һ̾ȻΪУ᲻ֶԿĸоŵĳԶȥ
Ǿʱӵ֮ͻȻƮһɫӰڿ΢΢ڶ޴ƲΧռǰҲǿ־һ
ΧʱȻ󣬼ƽٶȣǰɫӰȻȥһŲҰɫľ޴ƣݺݵײϣΧͻȻһ٣ǰٶֹ̱סˣɬһƺǰɫܹɺܴ˺һ㣬Щռѷ֮Уſһ
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Ů͵һ֣һƺԾ֮ϵϼһ㣬һ籾Ů˿һŮ˦һʥĹâȥ˴ĵ֮ڸеһϡ
ǰԭĿռȻ˲仯Ϊޡ˵ԭǲһ¸ȫֱʧޡӴΧʿһһЩʵʿֱӿѪɳȥӴǻ˸λá
Ůһü֪ΧЩʿܲסԼսನֻһƮ壬Զȥ
սںͷ֮ϣȻŮܵæչ׷ȥ
ȻʧĿǵɫӰƺӰϤϤĸоô治ġ
˲ָ˹ǰѾ˽˵壬һҧк̽һ͵ĳһһϴȥ
ʵôڣ˵Ҳгתʵħڵһͨͬ׵嶼⡣
׼λ֮еһλ̽ǹĳһӳǴ̹ȥȵ˷ʤӷ֮ѧɱ˼ɣѾ¯ࡣ
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һЦͬʮ˷ܵĶһͷȥƾǿ׼ӲһǹҵĽºëֱָо˷ܲѡ
жûгζˣ
˫ͬһݺݵ̽һƣֱץסǵӴĽüһ͵Ľ̽һתǵĽһ޴ĽݺݵĳԱתȥֺƲϵţ͵Ľ˫
һϵ𣬸֮˵ĶĤһڴϣȻֻǻһ׺۶ѣ壬Ȼ˿ֲ˹
ǿ壡һ𣬵
ٺЦ͵ĳƽ
СƤʵʵıץס˵ͻһʲôʲôģһ˿⡣


490 Ἲ
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㣬޳ܵޣ֮һ˿⣬̽ڿ͵һ佣Χƺ˲䱻һ㣬ռҲΪ롣
˲һҫ۵Ĺռ֮ӿΪһͨĺ͵Ĵӷ϶֮гˢ£ЯܹʯΪĩľ޴ѹǴӭͷ£
ǴҲԭϷӣһĨŭɫǸҪһ͹ֲñˣ˵ţƺ֮һ㣬˫ĳڿһйȾɫľ޴ƾôܻ˳͵ӭǾ޴ϣ
Ǿ޴ˮǿзָնһ޴ĺɫϷȥˮƺ赲סá
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Ϊɫ渽ŵľ޴ȻǺʼҵˮڿɢһĺҲ֮ðƮݵɢܡ
ΧʿĴѾݺݵײһ𣬸ĵͷɢ䣬ҲѧʹͨȻʩʵû죬ǿƺܺõֲһȱݡ
еʱʿͨ䵽ϣҲֻ˶ѣĴͨʿϵʱ򣬾һˡзʿһûзģپˡ
ֻԶһӴʿ߾˵ˣǱߵ߼ֱɱֻмùɱʣصҲֻ˶ѣھ޴㲻ʲô
ѣʿֻһ˺һ߽Ӵͨȥɵ˺ҲֻǺٵһѡ
ʶѾʮɫͨӳţޱȵĻÿʱÿ̶ȥѪմȾ֮ϣɵ֮Сʱؼֻʣ˾ҵѪϢ
䣡
ŵʿٴβӴУ˲ըѣΪĴɢɵ飬ѪҺΧ
ٶȿ϶ǱʿҪöģϲĻǰսȥʿӲƴȻ˺ѵĿУָоĺ
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ǧܿͳӴʿȺ֮Уɢǿƣ۳嵽һʿҵϲӲĽ˺ѣȵѪɲǼĿУԡϢ֮µĸо
ͻȻһׯϵһվ֮ϣɫ޷ԶɢӴƣǰһƮƮһķɣǣ
ڣһע⵽ߣŭ˫ɺ죬˹Ӵڿչһɾ޴ơ
˫͵һɣһָֻһۺѿתǴ˲ԭأߵ˫ֲϵʲôӡǴ·ǳžҵʹһ㣬ǧӿ
˵ͬǳתʵ˵Ӧòô󣬵ǱϾҲǽתǧ֮ˣһзƿҲġ
ͻȻɫһҰףƺڴ洢ˣŲæ͵̧ͷգһۿɼİɫڣ塭
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йʲôԹйʲôһ̶ޣϾԼͬɵģһǲսѣ
볤ûаֵԥԼĿܣǿһ
ϳô˵õһʱĴϢѸȥǧףǴ˾룬ôӹǣǸܸġıôһʱ䱻˺飡
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볤ĳ˳ɫһ󳱺졣ֻǳתʵɽڷҲûô
һ죬ɽѣһͬʸһӰͻȻӴɽЯޱȿ񱩵Ƴ볤ϳ
ղž赲ǿɶ񣡼Ȼˣ㿪˫ɺ죬볤ϳ


491 
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ۿֱ۾ҪԼţ볤ǿȥһĴСǧ֮ٻһ޴ٲҪܵ赲סĹ
ϵӡѾɣڿʱǴӷȥǾڴ˿̣ͻȻֳһ뷨
볤ϲһǧ꣬ʵѾ˳תħ֮ǰ;һˡϺôչȥԼϵλÿ϶ΪϵλãֻҪ볤ܹתô϶ܲˡ
ԼλҲǧ֮ˣôһ䲻һǧĺ󱲱ȥ˵ʵкܡ󱲵ԼֹìܣͽһһӣԼѲ˸ϵ
ôһԼкⲢǰ;ĺϴϵλãôԼûл·أ
ôĶͻȻ֮ڴϵԺ֮ҲĳɣóĽǣܹһжԼɱҡ֮УȻСɳΪ˲ʱùĿɾԼˣ
һܺõĻᣬȥһԼǱвĺܺõĻᣬ˿Ӱ쵽Լʲôô
һ̣Ѿȫ˸ղΪ˾ԼǶôηûκγɵʱѡ˾
˵Щʲôأ
ģǿİɡ
Թۣô볤ϵؿڱǴƹᴩѪء
볤۾һѪҵľһ
ЦŽֱ۴볤ؿڳһŽȥ
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ȥɣ˫֮д޵ĿȣƺԼնɱ֮龰ɵûµѪˡ
ǴҲǾֺ͵̧ͷղűѪĸоյûзӦϾڿнӴķкǶֻǿȥӲ
ǴϾ׼ô׵ֿģ
֮ͬԿܻмʤ㣬ҪȥӲ֮͵ȷЩ쿪ˡ
Լ忪ʼڻޱȣڷķֽ֮£һϸСӣҪֵĴ𣬵Ƿκ졣ֻܿԼ壬ӽµͷһһڵ
ָоֲģޱ޼ʵĿ־֮ȥֱɱҪֲĶ࣡
ֱǴҲûзһ˿죬׻Ϊһѷĩ
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ڿл˼£ҲһдæȥȡɽȥҲûʲô󰭡
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һתĵųҲǿߵΧ±һ˺ֱۣʹĿһֻɾͷ­
һϹҵϹҲɱһֻ֮󳹵ҲĴ˺Ū顭
ŮɸţʵͲĶֻ֣һԼΪ۽߾ȫ֧ţΪֻҪս֮Уô϶һߵľ棡
ԸԼҲҪסĲ

һУж̽Ѿ˫ӲϣֻһΪΣɫâĴŰ
ǴٺЦųҪ˫ֻס֫ʵҲǲ͵Ļһ˴ǰͨʿ϶ᱻһĵѪʿޱǿ壡
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ǰŮڽƺȿԼΧ֮иΪţȫĹһƣ͵չе޳кݺݵĳǴ塣
Ǵ⧲͵ı޳кݺݳ˺󱳣һص죬峯Ų͵ˤȥ
ۣ
ǴʹһѪתֵǰŮӣ治ĺʲô
мĳȥԼоϤǵӰĿԣͻȻоôܰƺŮ˾Լһ㡣
ǣǰŮһ˲Ѿҵ˺ܺõĻᣬ͵һŮӵıΧӴĿռʱ𵴿
ŮӻһһѪȻ̧ͷѵעһһٵҵġŮ


492 ʸ
סˣǰǰŮӣĵŨом١
׶Լ˵ģԼĸǵ֮еһλǳߵĳϣ˲ûһ𡭡
ôǰŮӣԼĸô
ǱŮ޳г鵽Ĵ͵һѪͬʱһĵȥȻѾǶϾе
ǰŮҲһں󱳣Ѫ£ֹסԼĽŲûг
͵ŤͷŮе޳зֳȥӴĿռƲϵĵţ̵ĽΧռĴɢ
ݵһҪһ޳кǳ۾һϯȥһһ߲ʹâΧƺǧϵĸͬʱ̳˳еޱʥ
Σֻһ˿ռѷ֮УһӰ˲˵ߣԶԶĳԶȥ
ҵŮŮһ½ˣԼƣһޱȵĿƺ˸ȫɼϲɵˮ
ĸסҲֱס˰Ůӵ壬ˮǧ֮УĸŮһطȴû뵽Ȼֻ֮£
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׵ĸоĸڵϢѸٵţɫҲɱĺתĲ԰ޱȣ촽ǲϵĶš
ʿߵƺǲȫǴڱ׷Ŵľ棬Ҳʮֲ԰ġ
ЦŴԶռ֮ڸ֣һ˿ɱ⣬ȻĸŮòط꣬Ǳһµɣ
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޴ĺɫΧɫâƣǶǿķ֮ƺһжԳ˺飬ûʲô赲Ĳ
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ҶѸߣһڻУһֻҲͻȻһӴŮŵ̫ǱϣȻ̫Ѹ֮УԶԶ뿪
ߵҧгݣۿΪλܸߵʿҪԼ£ͻȻ·ɱҧǽǾˣָоץ
㡭ŭ߬ȭͷҪҧѪ
ϲĿҶƣʶĵĸףоˣ
Ů۾Ҫ˵ЩʲôǻΪ̫أֻһЩѪĭ
ҶƣЩȾĸװҶƵĸ첲
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493 ƽ
ҶԶʱߣͻȻһƬɫӰӿֻ޴ӰƲΧƯţհӰ
ʲô羪Ľеô˵ҲгתʵҲûмĳ棬һľ
öӰԶӰа֮ࡣ˵ǿǿĻôľе־ˣ
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˶ƺˣ廹ʿͻȻֵһסˡ
ܣǽǵôôԮ羪ֵĴ˵֮ǰռоԵİգôڿ϶еϣһȵס
ҶЦŤŤӣӰͻȻ࣬ӸӰͷƯŵǰԶ棬ֻҪʲôôӭĽһͷβɱ
ǧʿųУԶվߣ˫֮˸ǿҵս⣬ŭȣӿޱȡ
˵ڣûʸ˵ЩأҶƺǳһƲƲ죬м
ŭ߬ȭͷ˫Ŀ֮˸ͨս⣬һķѾ߻ģٴʧܣôܿ³
˵һβʧˡΨгɹһ·
ǣ֮ǰѾʿȫû㵽ôһǴֵģ
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ʿһͻȻôԮһĳӿȵĳǰϳȥʿѹԵƵģ
չ˺ĸףҶƶͬʱƬҩݵݸ֮ʢҩҲʮЧ
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Ҷһü֪ȽһӦԵ׼
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Ҷٶ죬ΪȵԵʣÿһε䶼ѸٵڷɳȥףӴѸٵţȶѾԼԼûһǵ״ޱȴֲըԵ
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ֻһѣʵָĿֲأ
Ҷʱ͹۲쵽ˣһ籦ڿħƽ˶ڣ籦֮дǿײ֮λ涼ƣ˵˴˿̾漤Ҳ֪˭ʤ˭


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ȻҶƵʵûнΪתʵʵ϶ҪǿӸӰģǳתԱȼ硣ʵԼгתʵҶƾͲһսʤ
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ЩǾ໽ӭԶȥҪһսԶ˫צ׵ĿƿķҪƳԶ۾Եʮˡ
飡
һҵײڿĳЩԶݺݵײһ𣬷ǿ
һѪȷöֱӱԶצ˺ѣеֱӱһβ˦ȥҳ̶ȲĿ
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һصͷ֣ǳתʵѾ֮ˣ֮׵İ֮ɻΪ֮壬ɾͲ׵ɱˡ
ˣҶҲûжٱۡΪǴԤ֮еսľ
ʮֽŵ߬˫ȭҶܵǰδеѹĸо֮սһ㣬ǸҪۼоԸĶ֡
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ҶĻĸһ˽׵ĶֽսˣһһǰδеļսѾȫ
սɣҶһХ˫ûһҫ۵ĽɫԣɫΧϵ˸ĹܱߵĿռ䡣ȻҲޱǿ󣬵ȴҪº͵࣬ûнΧռӲ顣
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أ
ɫâϢıȭͷɢˣӶȥڿƮȥ
Ҷƽҧסأü׵׾ѪĴ̼͵ļХۣҫ۵ĽɫԽ˳еսһ㣬Ӵκ˶С
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һȭҶƸоԼֱ۱ɫŲϵسǰȥ嶼ƺһͻȻեһ㣬Щ
ŭĳƣÿһƶЩ񱩵Ϣĵ׸еһ־֮⡣
ҶƵһݺݵĸȭͷײһԭΪȭͷᱻԼһ˲飬ҶƷԼ̫ˡ
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ҶͻȻԼ屻ϵĳȥһ˿֮ɫûзѾþȫûа취ֹķˡ
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أ
ҶƵĺͻȻһɽϣͣס̧ͷ
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495 󵨼
ҶԭһͲĶ֣еϱʱʹ˲ȣһ˲䱬ȥľ޴˵˳ȥעХ֮ϣļܹ춯صͲԵֿˡ
ûʨͷ˲䱻ɫɵһɶɢľ޴ķĿҲʹԼ屻Ѹٵĵȥ
һǿһҲǸоԼʧصĳźˤȥ˫ٵϴһϵ繵Ȼûа취ֹǹӴ˲䱻ˢţЩطֱѿѪɫĿӣֲޱȡ
أأأ
ϺЩطΪܲסɾ޴ĳֱӱѿѪ쭣ɫҲ˲԰
ȻѪӴϢƳҲͿֱʧôѪģȻ˵ҲʧࡣڴŴͷ֮Ѿ˵εκˮ
ҲֵסҶǿԭҶƻײȭͷ֮ͻȻѿһɼǵĿӣɭɫĹɼߵƤҲѸٵѿ¶ȭͷؽڴĹ
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Ҷ֪Ҫȣ˫һµζΧĿռҲΪҶ岻ϵԵŤѣԵĽɫâҲӵŨңӴϢɽһأԶԶܹоһʧ
ҶԴԴϵɽ˵ķɫԭĵ˿ҲͬСϪˮһۣһɹ

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ҶҪʩչһ˲䣬Ժ֮ͻȻһ˿ͷ
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ǣЧЧ϶ΪһǴԪ壬ʲôӵأ
ǼǻʵԪô
һ󵨵ļ裬ҶҲԼ뷨һ¡
Բһµˣ˵
ҶѸٿʼԼжԺ֮еתһϢٿתѡ˻Ԫء漴˫֮ҲӴĵϣǴϢԺ֮ĻԪغܺõһ
ͼĴٻͨһ壬ǰٻһһģһޡ֮ͨϿ̻ķӡʱԼΪӶΪԼս
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Ҷ˫ѸٵһһҵĻֻƼӴĵϻһ𽥵ҶһŻ״ֻɫǴĺɫޱȡ
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496 ̬
ҵסͺãֻҪӵʱ䣡ҶƶԱ֪ڽǳת۷ı˵ԸתĴеǿˡҪĽֻǼӶѣ
ϾʵҲǲףսսʤģӼӻǿġ
ûκĥߴΪ֪ҶƵΥģ
ҿ´Լȥ
Լ뿪֮أҪʲôյػˣÿ뵽ЩʱжǼޱȡ
ԼȻʮָлҶƵˡԼָʺĵط϶ءȻûɣȴܹʶһĻˡ
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ͻȻһɫӰҶǰʱһûзӦһͷı֮˴ĵ׸оһ־塣
ޱǿ帳ʤҧؽȫȭͷ棬һֵֻԼǰӭǱ֮ȥͬնһ㣬ܿӰͱǱȫû
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ⲻͨԪΪʵԪЩʿˮԪصͨҪǿ˲֪ٱ
оԼµѪҺڽˣѪҺٶһë֮ϣ˱飬ϵĲš
𽥵ģо˫Ѿ֣ģһƬҰɫ
ܶѸٵ½ţָоûгġ
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ΪŭȫµѪڷڣýģһ鼡׸ߵ˿һη塣
ȭͷ߬һȭ϶ǿԽһɽ׺ΪƽصġҲֻҪԼԶǸĿôһȭ϶ʬ޴ˣ
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֪ȼĹֹ磬һĵڿγɣݺݵȥ
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ôܣ缸ǷŭĴ˳ԼţȻôһССıǽ޷ͻƣһ˲㱵ΪԼǲΡ
һѩĵȫɱѩɵĳѿһ޴ѷ죬ȫȥԭʮ覵˿Ѿó˺ü룬ֻнϴһȻ֮ϡ
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ҪŤͷȥͻȻһŨҴ̱ǵϢ֮ͻȻϢڿռһʮľ޺һ޴ĻɫӰͻȻ޵޴·Ҫճ˿ĸо̺ŵǹɿ׻صϢ
һ̬Ԫ壡
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497 ް
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ҶɫЩ԰ףæѸ΢΢˳ԼɵĽ۵¶һ˿Ц⡣
ת۷Ԫ壬Ǳȫжǻ۸˼Եľ̬Ԫ塣
ˣǾ˭ԼæתҶƹĵһ
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ްѣƺǼ԰Թûһ֣ȻֱܹգǶôǿſЧ
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498 
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ħ۷ŭ֮߬ΧռҲǲͣصţ͵һȭӳռ飡
䣡
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Ҫ֪ղֻһ˿ֲ˵ĵҲǸֳ־֮⡣
ħܲס͵һѪĿ⿴漴תͷƽ˵ͷ˳Ǽ۰
ƽüħ𣬴˿˹ͬĵˣѵʲôĤҶѾҵľ˳̨ôĽôҪ̨֪֮пǹѺλұķҵľ֮ϣ
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ƽסˣħӸͲ˵ѣôһûκΰ취ԶԷô
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ԼʵޱȵţϵΣ
֮ȫ˵ļ̣Хһ͵ӭȥ
ħ˫͵һӣЩԶķƵļ̣ȫͳȥ
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499 ս
֮еļԽԽ࣬𽥵ĻΪһȦȦĲڿǼĵطռ䶼ıݻ٣ǧɫ̳ƺƵȥռ֮ںһƬȫ󴩴ڵסˡ
һһˣƽ˵Ĵâһҫ۵Ĺ漴ڿϵţ̵óǧ̬̺ŻԵȥ
͵ײ󴩴֮УȻǼ̣ƾ壬а磬ʲôļ̣ôٶȣֻ֮һССİ׺۶ѡ
ħŭˣ˫ٿ֮еĴ󴩴̹ȥЩ󴩴Ȼƿķʤֻ֮һ顱Ȼϵıϣ˺Щ
ϸֳһ˿ŭ֮ɫû뵽Ȼȼ˺УΪջ
һֻƣֻһԶռȻϵѣ¡졣Ƭ̱ôһը飬Ϊޡ
ƽ˵ĹҲѸײڶ֮ƷɵصıһӴͻȻƺ̻һ㣬ǹ˴ը
СռλֱըѣӴĿռŰţСλ涼ѾΪޣֻܿһȦȦĲԼٶȳԱҡڶȥ
ħҲƽӴĴ󴩴ȫһȥĸоڱԼļ̻ڿвϵƮ
۵İɫâɢȥڵվ֮ϣûжôصƣ˫Ѿ̺ޱ޼ʵŭڣ
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ħ𲻿˼ĺһԶķԹᴩĴ󴩴ȻķƲһЩ˺徿Ƕôֲ
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ŭһ߳ٶȹ죬ȻڿзֿΪںڵӰӰٶȶޱ֮ģڿв˸ţ׵ľ˲š
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ⲻȫĴȻȫҲһϵһͨҪǿϲٵġ
ЯƺƺƵѹ·ûһ˿־壬ոյϵ϶û˵ʲôȻǲˡ
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ħȻǻ֪ػġ͵ڵһģͬʱĬʲôһɫľ޴ʯҲ˲ӵ֮˳ײڱĻϡ
ӴͬѹȻûз飬Ҳûܵʲô̫صƣֻǰһ㣬漴ָħҲò̾ǿ֮
ƽ˶ûͣ£ȻɫЩ԰ףѸٵһ˦һƮİɫâϵĺϣ漴ըǲûȡʲôЧá
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籦֮ҶƷŭô籦֪ӦôСһռ䷨ղŵʱ֮ѾѾ˾ţ֮ǽȥʹʲô취籦ΡȻ
Ҷ֮ʱһɾ޴͵壬Ȼ֮У͵籦֮Уȫɲ
֮УҶƼǸЩ˷ܣսŸոտʼأ


500 ˭ֹ
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˾ޱˣҪ֪Сǧ籾λ֮ϵģܹλѾѵˣȻҪԶʤԭռ䷨
ҶƷȥԼĸ֪ԶԶľͷǿΧѵƣȶĿռλ֮£ҲΧռĸо
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һתҶѸٵĳǸȥԼеĵƶѾ׼ˣԪȺͬʸ̨
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ҶҲ룬·Ӵҫ۵ĽɫâΧһȦһȦƺһɫΧƣޱʥׯϣ˵˲俪ʼ˱仯

֫ɫϸܵƬһֳĺɫβ͵չ֣ҶѾʹó״̬ٶȸĳȥ
ԶһССڵ㣬һ˿֮ɫƺǾҶƵʣȻǿԻûɰ˰ӡ
һͷԶôֲӵǿΣڱеԶô
ħƽҲǽҶƵӰҶƸͲʵĿֲôóȻҲֻѣ
Ѿһ֮֮Ӳ֮Ͻ˺ΪԼĹֶεģħƽ˶Ҵ٣кñСӵ
е򲻶ϵž˸ţһ˿ӿѾ˵ֶΣ뵽֮СȻõַ裬һӾԿԽҶǳתɱ
ԽԽҶԽܸоеĲԺ֮еѾΣյѶţǰƺһżӴԪۣԪԼζֵסġ
Ҷ͵һһɽɫ֮ϲתţΧҲԽԽӴˣΧϴΧĿռ䣬Ե
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ҶƻѾ޿ֲƣһɫͷ­ͻȻȭ֮γɣ漴ۻһŵĽɫ񱩵ĺһ׼ǵɶȥ
һ֮Ҳֻѣǽɫͷڴһ˲俪ʼ߽⣬˰ֵĵִ֮
һֵҶĵָоǰδйġһ飬˵ͽеƳȻ֮Լһ浼ԼۣȻ嶼ᱻһºɷĩ
׵ҲޱǿƵģҶô鶼鲻һŭ²͵һתοס˿ռ䣬͵һקɽ·漴鼰ۣһӴҶþµŽۿק˻
ۣ
Ҷ͵һѪڿ˳üɫ첻ĴȥȻղŴ׵֮г˻иŵĿȴֻ۵Ĺͷʵķ飡ҶǿǣһʱҲǻָġ

Ҷ۾粻ĶֻԽ֣ʵжôĿֲ
ǿ̫ǿˣ˭ſԵֵĹأ
ѵ˵ֻɽ
תɣת֮ףɾ壬ȻѾվ۷ˡ
˭ֹ˭ֹ˭ʵֹ˭ʱֹ
ħƽ˻һۣԶ˶Էеľκ֮ɫ
ҿֹҿ֮еġҶ˫ȭ𽥵սзŭĹâۣƺһȼգҲУ硭군˰


501 һ˿
ħƽ˲ԼͬĶչ˹˵ĹȻңȴûƿķֻðԶԶɳȥ
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ٴһ˦֣ӴĿռֱͬһѵķ飬ħƽٴα˳ȥʮΣ
Ҷ߬ȭͷԶ֮еоһŭвϵš
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Ҷôηĳ˹ҲǾȤüëûǰ֣ǵȵҶƽڲŲæһĳ
ռ䶼һƲϵĲţҶƸоӴѹǵһӿȻصĻӳȭͷ
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Ҷϵصײһ𣬷һ̶ĸ֮һŨĻ𻨽ҶƵȭͷоһжһȥ岻ֹһᡣ
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ҶƱһ˱ɫһ߳ǰˤȥһѪһ±ǿķס
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ֶԾ֮䣬һ˿һϸھܾʤ
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502 ޵
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ҶӷȥаħһԶԶĳɣӴĺɫͬйϵļ˳Զ
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Ҷߵɫ־ڸղžͱĻ÷飬ûκεķʩĵһ˵Ľ֣
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ħһ˿ĿУ군ˣ
üҲоĲƽȴʲôϢ֮ԼʵޱȵţϾǳת۷壬Ȼδ֪η֮ġ
оȱôкηʲôʱ¹һЦм֣˼ֱע̨


504 ȥħ
̨֮УҶƾĿǹɴܳĺռ֮ŰǹӴ޿ƥеֱвϵĲ
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ǸСٴǰƺǽߣҶƱܵͫҪȭȥӭΧĺɫȴѹһݳޡ

ҶΪǵͨ죬ܸоԼڷٵţԼûκΰ취ȥֹ
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ˣڿԸңΪʲǫ̂ϣħ𡭡ߵ۾ͻȻһĺз


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ҪǣҶܸоԺ֮ԺһֻþԻԼһж˳
ԭˣ׽ͷֶΣħʵ˳ת۷Ҳûκΰ취ȥӦȻûֱħһֶεġ΢΢һЦ
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ƽߣüͷȻܸоߵĲƽȴ߾жôǿʵ
ְħƽתͣϣĳɽִһЩ֣ȻҲôǿĺˣ
һŭĻ˲˫֮ȼնʷʣɽʧƷ
ⴴһ壬ӵǿǣΪƽ⣬ȴҪǵЩǻۡһʧȴʵʧˡ
ȷޱǿǣȴòǰ˰޵ĳª
ҲǺעеģʵѾʧˣֽļȶ֮У˭֪ȴǿ˻ҿʼѸٷܺǧ֮󣬶չһĽϹ֮սԨԴ
Ǻģ֮һ˭֪ȴĿŵĽҿʹȻȥжҲɱ⣡
ȭͷĸֱ֨죬ߣɱε¶
ħħ𣬾ȻЩ³˿ҿΪе߳̾
ħŭĽͷŤһߡ
ŭɶѾ˫ȭ֮˸ŷĹâнӴĿռһݣռ׳ޱȡ
ŤŤӣЦЦ˼ҿûмѪˣ
˵ţѸٳһ֧ʸһŷɷдһ޴֣̺֮
־ǣɱ


506 ʵ
šɱַһƺ˲谵ŭ𣬷Ƽʱ䡣ռ˲任ǧ׽͸
ҶüͷѸ˳ǧ֮⣬һ޵ԤУҪǿȻʵǳת߿¸ǿ
ֽӡ̨֮УǿǸ߸ϵ˰
˿ǳɾĳת֮ףҲһĴڡмһˣֽӡ
ҲѾԽ˳תΪ
ɱַ֣֮ſϯĻҳʧ˿ռ֮ڣ漴ɢȥĵӫ⣬ͻһѼϸС壬ֳȥȻ󣬵̺ŵȴӴǿ紵ӷʹ
ħƽҲǸ˳Զ˸һ˿ɵ֮ɫղ߽ôһССֶΣеķֱԼȫǶ֣ǲ˺ԶԶ
˴ĵ֮һִԼ˵Ļߣ϶һжӲġ
˸ǿҵɱĪߣѾǼ͵ҪƷԡѪζˣΪҲĴŭۡ
ȥ
£֮˲һֻ޴ƣҲзԲǧ״Сֱ˴ռ䷶ΧҶƴڱԵʱоһ޿ƥеͷ£˲䷴ӦҲƵĺݳȥſΧ
ħƽ˱ͲǴƸǷΧ֮ڣӵĿǾӴӲѹǰһжѹɷ
ŭĺţ·˲ߴǧɣ÷֮ƿΧʱ䣬ռʱŵٶ˲˽ʮ
꣡
ضһ𵴵ȫ˹
ͻȻһɫâӴ֮´˲佫աڹƺǸΪǿȫҪһĳϾ
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ôܣǶʮʱ٣ϱǳͬΪתǿߣҲô׵ľͻⱾĹзŭ֮ɫһţһۿԿĲѸͷų޴ڲϵ𵴣ռͬһǵѿһһĿӣӴŰţ𵴵вϷš
ߴݲȵӦţ͵ػһٴӶһֻ޴ȭͷֱ񷣡
¡
պǱ˸һ㣬һһĺڶ͵ر޴ȭͷ˳޴˵񾭡
һתȥ廯һ޴ǿҵĺڹ⣬Զݶȥ
Ǿ޴ڶţΧĿռ䣬һֻ͵Զžޡ
ı߶ûѾԶԶݳȥˡ
ڶռ䷨򼷶ҵĲĵϣҲĿռֳ֮Ӱ
ȻԴ򴩿ռڶֹסĲѵ㡭㡭
߰ȻվЦſת֮ףʵɣֻ۷廹кԶҪķɣôһ㣡
㡭ҧгݵĺ㲻Ҳǳתô۷ˣ
ҡҡͷһָͷһһٵѲˡ
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һ˶ԭء
ҶƵɴ۾ŬıǰһСħƽҲǲ˼Ŀߡ
ȻѾ볤ˣѵĵȽףô
ƺΪ֤Լ˵͵ؽģղӵ֮еǸɱַԭѾ֮Уȴ˲俪ʼ˱ը¡죬ֱ顣ռ䶼ʼ˾ҵĲĩ
𣡡
ֻ³ԭտ֮ɫ˲ںڣֲڵס˹ߵںڣǳͷβĻ
֮ûһ˿һ죬̧ͷ۵Ķںڣǵǳ˸ӣ
Сǧ硭Ѿȫˣһһٵ
СǧǿԳܳתǿߵĺģȴ߻ּ仯Ϊɢ
ħƽҲǴԭأǱΪԼôߣǽһȴôԶİ
Լһֱ׷˵ľô
㣬㾿Ǻˣħ˿ĭ
ת˫ֱħ˫ۣ΢΢һЦǺˣħħ֮ǰ̨֮ڸҽô꣬ȴ˭
ħͷѾǺα鲼ҲҲָܶ࣬ȷߵʵݡ
Լɣۺ룬Ц


507 ٿʱ
ɽһɢɣκڵĽ̹ܡ˳ңӡֻͨԼáЦеһΣҪҼǣûзӣ⵽˸·˵׷ɱɽ֮УϸĵȽ׻ֵƶȵģĴ񹬶ϱÿһͳһֻҪߣͱ֮һûκԼɢޣ⵽ǹͬ׷ɱ
ΪʲôҶ̲סķʵѵҪĸ֮ѡһô
Ժ֮һӸԼµĻɽ磬ң
ⶫ񹬣Ӧɽ֮Ĵ֮һĶ񹬡
ȻɽĹƶޱȵϽҪԼÿˣ˭ҲУΪרִˣ͸רߣǺ飡Ĵ֮еһԱ񹬵Լ㣬Ȼ᷸ʲôӡɢޣ޿ûûԼɢޣΣǿʹˡ
Ϊɽ֮Ҳɢ޸Ĵ񹬾ײӣĴ񹬶ˣҪеɢ޼Уٴηͬ顣ңһ˿֮ɫ
Իңӣң֣ͺܺõĴҵĹֻңԼһֱ׷Ķɽǧ꣬ǻǱ񹬵ץκβңԲ̨ҷӡСңӵ
һֱѺ˼ꡭңӳ̾ҾȻɽ磬ûκζˣ
ħ˫ȭ߬˫ֱĶңӣмѵıĳڣǡһˡ
ƽ㯵ңӣʵôĸ߲ʣԼⱲӻпܴﵽ־ô
Լܲܡ
Ѿӳ˹Ե÷ǳǷϣͷ˫ƽսͷš˵Ǳˣƾǿʵ֮һǰԼҪԵģһʵ˰
СǧôٵҲͦϧģҰ㸴ԭɣң̧ͷգɷµĵ˵ͷһǵӡ
ܣСǧѾӸԴϿʼɢֶͨҲܽԭŭĺʵôΪһԼѾʧģΪľǸԼ׳ѡ
۾ţҿˣܵˣңƲƲ죬˫ָ߸Ͼ٣ƺһ֮ţԡ
˫ִĹâһ޴Բ̣ԲϾȻӱĿ̶ȣޱȡ̶ȾȻɳɳɳš
һ˫ͻȻƾճ֣ӲĲŪסǸָ룬ȻѸٵķתȥתķɿ졭
ಣ
˶оԺХĿ磬ǰеĶģһڵĹһ
˶·ʧȥӾָоʵջ𣬵ַ
⾿ʲôҶƷŭĺԼ
꣡
ƺһһ»عĴ̧ͷһ˲䣬˶ˡ
ͷĿռǷƣɽľ
һеһУСǧԭò
ôܣҶƴʧɫƿʱ䷨ڳת֮׾ͿѧᣬֻǼټʱŻ߼ѣ㲻ʲô
ңӵһȻֱӽСǧŪص˼ǰӣƿʱ䣬Ѿõ¯ĵزֶΣǳʿ붼ġ
૵ôܣ˵ֶôҲ壬ΪʲôΪʲôûʵ
ٷϻң͵תͷ˫֮к˸һһٵԼҰ㣿
ʲôһ㶣ȻûзӦ
ңѾκλˣһȥֱӿԽǧ׵ľ룬һƮƮĻӳԶ˲ϣضѸٵΪһ壬ڵİĳмȥ
һŭ־ֵĲҽУӴڿ˸ҪһƬܵл򣬵ٶȸ㲻Ͽ죬ңǰġ
ΪңƿΧĿռ䣬һӾʮļ٣ԭһܹаףôһֻʮˣڱ˵ĶڹһʮֿЦ
ֵҪȡʱ䷨ĲٿȨǶƿطľ׼̶ȣʮȲһңӡľ֮еʱеһжǰôͬŻᷢԭһжϣתЦľתɣ
ֻҪ㻹ûɣֻһɣ㶼ǿЦޱȵϣ־ܹɱ


508 ׷ң
Ȼ뷴ôңһѸٵڿзתһľٴκХѹȥ忨֮䣬ֻһҽУͱɾ޴ϡ
꣡
İ֮У˲ͱѹ⽴ôǿ֮ǰҲֻһĴڡ
ħƽ˵Ӷɳˣֻ֪ǿֻû뵽ôǿֻǷһģܹ峹飬ǿĲٿ˶µġ
ϰȻʶѪϵĴѵĵطҲвϵ¶ġ
ôܻʵ֮жĴڣŭĿȳһѪ֮һͬȳģһЩѪӲԼ˵࣬ѪȾ˴أѪ֮Ũ˱ǡ
ңӲмɨһ۵ϵҡͷ̾ͷ˻֪ĴһˣȻһ̰ɣϣڻȪ·ϣҪҲǣ
꣡
ңֻ΢΢һ֣һ޴ĺɫƾʹӵ֮ͻȻðסǾ޴ֳªͷ­һ㳹顣ö΢΢һ
һ콾ߣôңӵС˿ķ֮ûС
ħƽ˷·ܲʵһ㣬һ͵״̬һ۾ָԼĴ
⡭
Ҷ˳ֽ̨ջ˿ռָ֮УҲˣʲô˼Ϊһǰʲô˼ͽ͡
ħƽҲͬʱ̾һǷϵֲֶĲ࣬Ǹ᲻һ˿ִȤҿСǧ֮У磬ǵĵӿһڸ߸ϵȻǰ̬ʱ򣬿˭ֱ𾪵˵İɡ
ʲô˼ңǳһ˿Ц⣬
Ҷ̧ͷעңӵ˫۵ǰȻħôһǲҪҵˡ
Ŷ˼Ҳɱ㣿ң˫֮ͻȻ˸һ˿ҵĺ⣬˸е
ȻǰҪȡҵǳסҶûκεڣֱ̹ϵĻشɱңһҲ˷˰ɣ˵һŶҲûκв֮⡭
Ҿɱ㣬ͷҲӦңЦ˵ŻһźɫҶֻȥҶƸûκεֻֿоһͺʧȥκιͷһޱȡ
Ҷһͷ£ҪɱҰɣ
漴Ҷ˾Ҫ֮У֮䣬Х֮ͻȻһżĽɫ磬˲佫еĺɫ˻ȥͬսһػҶԡ
Х֮еһۣ
ۣղűסҶƵ񣬵ûбɫʴ
Ҷ͵ؾѹƺɨţԼȻȻ䱾ҲǾ治ѡ
ͻȻ֮ϲ˸ŵĽ⣬ȻԭػԼ
ͻȻǰռһԾһ޴ҫɫͷֳӴҵ˵ɣңӵϡ
㣿ޱȳƣټһ˿졣
ûңѵʧôң΢΢һЦǾ޴ͷ
ˣʹںԶһϵҶƱظ㲻ݣƺвӴ˶Ĥ͡
ңҡҡͷЦЦǸʲôѵһᶯôһôİɣ㲻˵ҲᶯģΪҶҲʮָȤͬôϵʣҲֻһ˶ѣ˹Ѿˡ
עңӵ˫ۣԼһ˿֮ɫңȻ治ɫĿ
ã㣡޴ĽɫӰ˲ʧһ飬Ҷ֮ϡ
İɣǲᶯģңӹһЦңڣ֮УûԼңȻޱ޼ʵңڡһʲôأ
ҶɻĿңӣ浽̲
Ҳûôʱǵ飬ʱҪúõɽˮֲĿ飬Լ˽£ǲȥܵġңһѸʧСǧ֮Уֻһص籦һķСţ
ҶͻȻһŷСǧԼ֮ԼȻϵѪĸо
ңӾô籦͸Լˣ


509 ȫʤ
ңȻѾ뿪ԶݶȥСǧֻ֮ҶƸħԼƽˡ
һʱ䣬ձҶƲ֪ԼӦ˵ʲô˫۶Ķħ۵ˡ
ƽ֪ǲΪֻǵ˵ͷƮȻȥ뿪Сǧ硣
ħصĴ˼̧ͷҶƣһһٵСӣԸ߱аħұԼ̨ôôձһ۱췣䣬ɢ䵽𶼸ӦĵطȥˣѰģ
Ҷóħ֮вûʲô⣬һʮɻĸо˿ȥħ
ԭˣаħұƾ̨İɹ˱Ѳ飬Ȼ뱾ߣħһŭɫ漴Ҳɢˡ
Ȼаħұ۸̨ѾˣôҲûʲô׷ģϾ֮һǻпֱĽ֮Сħ֮вûͱ˵ƣеĸһһĶ
Ҷʮ־ᣬѾӦҪɱħģͨʱĽӴħôʮ⣬һЩִ
Ȼǧ֮ǰħƴ½֮ôŰ裬ʱħĸͲһˡ
ɱǲɱҶҲħתʵԼĿǰеĵƣûаɱȵԼ˳תȫпˡ
ħ΢΢һЦҶԥȻѪһǧǰ׷ɱСйϵСһǶҺ֮ˣأǲҲɱң
Ҷһ㶣û뵽ħôֱ׵ĽЩ˵ĵ˵ͷħѾӦ飬㹻ʵҪɱ
ħ˵ͷһҲԵ⡣Ǵ󷽵תʱѰҰɣʱ򣬶ڵ˵ȷƽ
˵ţħӰһɫϢ˲ûǰ֮С̤ƿռֱ뿪Сǧ硣
Ҷһ̧ͷգԼһ·ôӻǸСؤʱ򣬴ӵһμɶٴӵһǧʱգֻǵָһ˲䡣
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֮У֮ƯŵǸ籦һ漴ҶƮݵӰгֽ֣ԼУռָ֮ڡ
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˵֮£ȷǴһܿ˶籦ΧȴţΪ֪սҪǧ򱶡
кЩҪȥǶԿǸҲȥķǿдͨռѷҲǲСֻ̾
֮ƽ˴г֣ȥɫЩ԰֮⣬޴󰭡ֻ֮ƮƮĶ˵һ䣺ƮȻȥ
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ѩޱ߬ȭͷϸֳ֮ɫҶƵû£ûˣ
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ҲҪɱħˣҪˡֻ󡭡ֻƽƽĳҧ촽ΪȽţɫ԰׺Ѫɫ
ơ˽ŵ߬ȭͷһԵɺҲǽޱȡ
˶ڴ籦ܹ֮ٶȸʣ˵Ӱ
С԰ף˫űĸ׸֮˶Уʲô̵Ļ֪ԼӦôȥԡ
Աߵһϵοûµģһûµģ
һᣬռ𵴣һɫӰֳħ
һ漴ӽ滹һ˰ԼҪ˰
ֻоһͷĿѣѵħˣ
㵽װҶôˣŭĴȳΧռһ
ħɻתͷ֮תһ˿ɫѾˣԼ׷ɱͷԶ
ҡҡͷħЦʲôû˵ƽһƮȥ
ŭҪǰȥʣӰסǳ嶯˵ıӣô£
һ̣֮ˣħŵŵˣ籦ΪһûгҲһθս֮еҪһˣ
дʿʤ඼Ҫˮ֮УҪռ磡
ǣҶƣ


510 
֮һˣﶼһѺ
˫۶Ŀ籦ȻĳȣǻεúܺãֻзȵĹâе죬ǧ£һη֮״Ԥ֮еľ
Ӱͷ϶Ѿð˺飬ҶʹˣһģΣҪһЩ
һɲǣеƺγһݵĬУûȥȷԴôγһ΢ľ档
Ϲ˫ҲüͷĵҲϣҶƿԻųġ֮ͬУֻҶƣǴĵ׵ľ壡
ħǱߣ˫֮˸Ĺâ֮ǰ볤ϣҲв˿ġҶƵĳɳٶʵֲֲ̫϶о˿־塣
ͬǳתϿԿ϶һҶƵĶ֡
ҲϣҶܹųһˡ
뷨עҪΪˣǰ籦֮һѸٵĿռ䲨漴ȻʧһӰ֣籦˲֮У漴ʧ
Ӱֵվһ漴ޱ޼ʵĿϲ
˲Ҷô
Ҷһ㷢н˫۾Լɵһ㶣漴Ŵųһ޴ЦЦȻԤԲһĳΪľ

ռ֮˲ˣֻ쳹ڷԭҲ쳹֮ϡ
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ʯһۣǧϼһҲ¶ϲõЦ⡣
תͷȥΪľ۵֮еЦ⡣
ӰһЦޱȴһǰҰ壬Ҿ˵˾˵ʹôô׵
Ұ峤ôһķʮף峤Ұ
ӰһЦ⣡
ѩޱȷӦһĳҶƳȥ˾㵵֮³ҶƵĻ֮У۵ĻסҶƵĲӣߺ˷֮⣬õһֻСá
ҶƹһЦˣͷѵˮһѸٵѩޱһ£Ȼ̧ͷܣѰԼϤˡ
ѩޱͻȻϮҲһУԼͷҶƻУޱ۵ᣬôˡ
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㻹ڵأղħʱˡѩޱĵĸҶƶߵͬʱʾҶƿ
Ҷһ㶣æתͷԶϲӿԼֻΪԭӱͱԲûѩޱ
ѩޱ񣬶۵ġ
Ҷ֪Լܹ飬ǴԼûʱ򣬾Լߣһһ죬ĳɾ͡
˵Ҷн죬һ붼Ĺ͡Ļ𱬣˪ĸ
ҶƵ˵ͷѩޱͷ֮㣬ޱҡ
˵ţҶѩޱıʾ뿪һ£漴˵棬һһĳ߹ȥ
һ㶣ҶǳԼ߹ģ˫ۣǽԼûѵǳԼ߹ģ
뵽һСĸζᵽɤˡҰ˶ͷ­ٺЦֶŮǾ仰ô˵ţӽ̸ҵģԼҸҪذС
֪ҰеӾǺˡ
ҶƸľ벢Զ̶̵ǧףȴ㡣žеֻҶ̤ڿռ֮
һһ
ľ룬˵·㡣ôôһֱʱ䶨һ̡
ڣҶߵǰ΢Цƣ
ô󵨣˵桭ǰҶƵôȣô󣬷˿˿ᡣ
ȥķҶ档
ҶƸܵޱȵԼţޱ˷ܣԼְֽΧ߬סԼȣůơ
ޱȵĸо
Ҷ͵һûκ׼˳ƳҶƵȥҶٶޱ֮죬壬һֻ䣬һֻסĲӣԼϡ
еķҶˬޱȣ˼Xȷ
˶ûôΰķָͣоҲʮˬģѹǰȻһִĸо
Ҷƴصĺϣߵͨ졭
Χ˶΢ЦſһĻûзһҲĽң£˭ҲԸ⾳


511 ֮
ҶƿŻеļˣȻǼޱȡ˵ʵڻҲȷŻ룬ξҪˣôܲأ
Ҳ˷ޱȵĺܣڴһܾˣֻһ̫ͻȻЩЩ벻޴롣
ѩޱԸ飬ҶлǺܸ˵ģ˵һֿ
ҶֵܣζҷԭңڴлħŸŵǣһǷԭòͣΪλӷϴԭҵܻԹɫæ˵
սôã󲿷ʿҲǸоޱȵۣҪѰһطЪЪţԭⷬ飬ǵõǵӦ
ԶϷŭ߬ȭͷλˣҶû棬ĳˡӣƺ֮ǰʵо
Լ϶Ķ֣˶ӣȻ¿ɾ˵ˡаš
Ҷ̧ͷɨħǱߣҪҵǸԼϤӰǸԼɶ̵縸һʦ𡭡
۹ɨħ֮еˣȴûҵ볤ϵӰ
԰ʦħųϣ˴²ܲսģҶѵǡħ֮ûвμսô
ΧʿʼȥΪ׵ǸǸղս֮иսŮԣ˿̿ȴЩӡ֪ʲô
ħŶ֮еһҲۣղҶƸֱӹһܣ඼·ڳ鴤ʹ಻ѡ
ѵİˣһһʵ
ģᶨԼһԼģֻʱûѡ֮ǰ½Լ˳ء
תͷȥǡÿ˰Ů
ŮҲϲҶôŮӿߵԱߣʵ
ûɬ෴Ǵ󵨵ĵ˵ͷûףϲҲϲҡ
Ůӵ˵ͷϲҪ󵨵ȥ׷Ҹ㸸һݲͬһʹ࡭
˸ŵĹâȻˣ㲻˵ҲأˣղҸ׳ʱǺܽŵİ
ߣ׵ЦҿˣŮȻڱԹֿ˻û뵽ļԼŮȥôˡҲ֪ǸСŮˣʱǸСŮֱӱ͵˷֮еİ
ٺ١ң۾ޱȿɰ
ȲҪȥȵɢˣ˽ȥѵɡħŮŮӺ
ȻҲħŮǵŴϵŮأɰ˸漴Ц
ŮӰһۣεҡҡͷԼŮԼСʱԸһģһ
ҶɻĴɨ䣬ͻȻһԶĲɳϣƺģһֱԼĿ⡣
Ҷüͷɿ֣͵һ̤ȥһץס˲ɳϵ½󣬽
˵ôʲôܣΪʲôҿҵ۾Ҷĺȵ
ɳ͵شһ飬ȫҶƵĶ֣ҲֻгתʵѣҶ˵һֵֻ顣
ûûʲôɳϵͷ
˵˵Ҷ˫֮ͻȻҵĽ⣬˲ɳ˫֮УҵĽţɳϵǱ̲ϵȥʹ嶼ھš
ȻҶҳ֣ôڿţ㡭̫ˡɳϲźʵ˵ĻԼжûסΧȻ࣬վҶǱߵģûҪ԰Լģ֮ǰħ֮йϵԼܺõЩˣҲһĳȥ·Լһһ㡣
ħŵˣûһҿڣϾͳǵĹǣǴȻҲûκαʾ˭Ҳҳ
˶ࣿΣ
ҶưԵɨܣǱɨģûһӣĵԴ
ɱ㣬ҲһӵĹŲţҶƲмĿŲɳϣǰԼǰŰӡ
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ʵʵĽҶƽ£ߵ
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ʲô
Ҷһ㶣һͷ£Ҷԭء
漴˫֮˸ŵķŭӴĻȼգ볤϶ԼԼ󷨣һάԼ
һʦุĳȻˣ
ôģҶƸоԼԶڷŭ


512 ؼ
ɳ͵ػһ¶ηɫĵǡǴϣǴϺ볤ϵġ
Զ׼ӶݵĴ˲ɳϵĻ͵һ㶣漴ŭĺɣĪѪˣ
㣡볤Ͻȳ𺣣ȴ볤ϱɱŲжΣɳΪ˻ʲôˡʱħŸŵҲߵ߰˰ˣҲûжΧۡ
Ҷ͵ؽɳ϶һߣĿ֮£͵̤ǰһ˴ߣ͵ת˸Ȧݺݵĳ水ѹȥ
˫֮еŭƺҪ籡˵壬ôϼҪӵɳסҶôӴĴݲУҶӷĽ֮£ѣ᲻һ˿ֿ
ǲֻ֣Ľ֣û취ϵƸĳûһ޴ĺɫƣҶƵİƺݺݵһ𣬵ҶҪԶˣɫһû赲סҶһ˿һ
ۣ
ɫͨ죬̲סһѪ˺ЩĿռ䶼ѾѿΪҶƵġ
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ħŵЩϸһħڣȻʧȥеĹǣ˭ҲûаܹսʤҶƣҶƻôӴȫڵħ
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ǿƣѾĴȥڸղŵĽӴ֮УĹͷѾˡ
𣡡
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УԼ϶ǳתʵԸҪĻǻʲô˼
ҧͷͳ壡
ϴʧɫԭɽķͻȻҶͻƣҶƵ˲ǰ

ϺԤ׵ȥռѷ֮УһֱӿԽҪԶӶݶȥǱҶһץס˲ӣŴϵһԶĿռ䡭
ܣҶƷŭĺϵʹЩ־壬סϲӵֱ͵һ˵ɸһûغ;ҶƵֱ׾ٵĲӣ漴һŤĲӾռһȥ
ڿռ֮ͣסҶĿŴϵʬ壬һ˿ں֮ɫ̫ˣɶĳʦĳȫˡ
漴ҶӰһٴγڷԭϿգ֮ҲȥˣֻѩޱĵԼ
ҶһůŮм䣬ѩޱ֣öŮһ漴תͷŷҶƣɵŭķȭ£Ҷǿʾѹ
ôҶĿŶŮ
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㻹ȥɣֲԺǵʱ䲻ǶôѩޱЦ
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Ҫ˵廹ʲôܣô޷ǾΪʲôͨᷨ򣿻ٿط
ЩҰ˵壬˭̻ǣ
ҶԼһƺ˵һֵؼ롭ѵЩǸؼйأ
Ļ⻹һܰ
ԴһջͷҪͷһ򾡣壬Σ壬׾֣ʧ


513 
ҶŤͷ
类ץ֮󣬱׽סˣҽһ֮УȥҸ׾ͺãӦþڷԭ֮ɱ¾šŸţһ𡭡
ҶƵ˵ͷõˣȥһ¡
˵ţҶƵһ棬˲ʧӰ١ֻԭһӰ䱾ֱӿԽ·ķԭ֮ˡ
˻ǶʶҶƵģҶȻһֲ̿ѡ
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Ҷưοһĵӵļ漴תߣźԺʻȥ
Ժ֮˶ڣǰԶҲû˵״ʮףûҶƵһֱվŲ
ϡ
ҶƷ߹ȥӰҶˣҲЩ˷ܣŴֵ죬ء
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ûӰóһˮƿһС˼ӡ˲һâȫɹâҫСƿ֮С
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类һŽĴӰסã˫֮гǿҵʤûȷ
Ҷˣ۹֮еľʢҪһܣΪ뽫ҷˡ
ǵÿֵֵþҶЦһƾջûΣȻ
Ϊʲôܹƿطѧͨ÷Ƶҩ֪ΪʲôҽЩ㣬˵
ȷǡˡҶƵ˵ͷ˫۾Ŀ磬Ȼˣ˵ɡ
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ԭ󲿷ֶӡӡ֮УϹ֮սʱǽеķӡٶȣû֮£ҪЩӡҪ֮ãûôʱ䡭
һΣӡͻȻһ֮ͣں֮Уݣ졣˵Ϊʲôսʤࣿӵгȥ֮ǿǣɵǰΪǿƷƵҩٿطͨǲǵĶ֣
ҿԽǵķӡ⿪ҽ̻ЩǱŵʱ磬Ҫռһ룡
һô˵ģʱĶˣĳŵһҲûʳԣһ֧ɫĸˣΧкɫһ֧ʣǵķӡ˼ǵһô⿪˷ӡ
Ҳ֪ʲôһصĹ顭Ҫ֪ǲͨȴӵǿ˸ǶģǱƵĹ飬ȻɶУĹ򣬳״ƣѧЩԭѧĶ֮дһ˿
Ǹ̫ǿˣ˵Լĺ¼룬ǶѡţϾʵǰҲҴ
ҶüͷĲЩףæʵһ֧ɫʣһƵĹ飿
ԣ϶ǷƷҾãпȻôܽ˵ķ򶼸׵߸һ˿Ц
Ҷʵ
ӡǵĵطԨǵƽ̵ľھԨɼ¹⻪Ȼʮǧޱǿ
ԨҶŤͷȥӰ֪Ԩô
Ȼģ졣Ӱͷ֮йϹ֮սţ˽ĻвٵġԨϷ޺ţԨһ㣬Ա֮ΪԨ
廹ûʣࣿҶʵ
вִڼǺ¼Ҳڡ
˵˲ܳеĻǻǡֲѰҶǵ
ҲԼôǿҲǲܸԵİսˡ¶Էһ֣ԼҪɢˡ
ֻǣȻˣΪʲôֻأΪʲôԼԳ֣Ҫ֪ûпԸԵˣҲû˻Ķ֡
壬Զô߸˵ķ򣬽ѧ֣ҲȲԳĸ찡
ֻһֿܣ
Ҷ͵ش˸顣


514 
ԼܵĳЩƲܶ˳ôôӦˣšּռٷ֮ʮԼԲſֵ㻯壬ּʣаٷ֮ʮʣİٷ֮ʮδ֪Ҷüͷʼ
ٷ֮ʮļʣ㹻ҷһˡҶ𽥵ĺһתͷӰҪȥǾԨȥһ¡
죬ԼӰüͷǿɲУޱգǿܴһλȥ˵Ļ»ʲô⡣
ҶЦЦǳĿӰҵʵΣ
Ӱ˿ĭʮ죬֮֮оǸʵһϸֵƸֶΣҿǳתǿҲδؿսʤ㡭
šҶƵ˵ͷңѾܸоתˡ
Ӱһԭأ˼̵죬ҾãתûðɣȻôܹתˣѵ˵ħѾ
ҶӰ˼նԼħûôףѹôˡ
ҶƵħѾңӳִնˣԲҪôѵնħˡӳתתʱΪѵľնħˣӰӶͣ˳ת۷壬һֱûȥնħһ
ҶУûңӳְĻ츳ٸߣҲҪʱܹת
ֱԽնħһ̣ĻҪôáôҪﳤתˡ
ûȱչһʱ䣬Ȼȥһ˾ԨνˣҶ΢΢һЦתͷ磬Եʮֽ
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˵ֻȴû˵ˡҶεֵ̯̯Լ󣬹˭
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Ҷ棬һҲˣѸٵǫֱ́ӽС
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Ҷƽ˫ĿʮֲֿΧռҲϵĻζš
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ȫµڴ˿̾Ȼֻѹƽ֮һСҶͻȻܵһɿУڵСѸٵɽתҪٴѹ
Բǧ׵ضɫղôտҲôһеһУⷽԲǧ֮ڵһеȫһ೤УѿھǷԭҺԺһ۵ĽС̨ӡ
ҶƾȻŷԲǧ֮ڵٴθܵĳӯҶյٴ͵ﴦСڴһСһСŵŴһͽȫ¡
Ҷƾͬˮһ㣬ƴ󣬾㣬䣬ƲɵЩͬҵйڣĳҶ֮ӿȥȻѸٵıͬΪڿյȻѸٵ
ôһ̣Ҷظһ£
ԭգҲɫһ£
ڣһգ𽥻ָƽ֮ɫһж·ٴλص˴ǰôг
ڴﵽǸˣӰ˷̧ܵͷ˸δ֪ļ֮ɫ


515 ٴ
תôûҶƵȷѾﵽˡ
ԴԴϵ·֧Դ̹Ȼޱȣɵ˷ܵǰ֮ôȻоѾΧĹˣѾʼ𽥵ҪԾȦ֮ˡ
˵ţҲûʲô˾ͻȻ׵ʧһѾ̨֮⣬εգⲻ֪ΪԵʣһŵġ
ͻȻҶƸоͷһѪжƺĲ˳ˡ
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ʱԼͷ鲻һ㶡
ҶƵͻȻ֣úԺ֮е֮ĳԱʮ˷ܣתҲǱӴɵòĿӡ
ԺѹֵϢԽԽǿضĻζţһʯϵĵҶд󾪣ƣѵٲɣ
꣡
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ӦҶƵķƣ֮ӿ񱩣գۼҶ׵ķΧ֮ڣȫ֯ǣһƬµ׺ҵҿҶƳ˳ǣȻǹƶֱӻҷ
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Ƕ԰֮Ժõ
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Ѵ£ҶƵŷ츲صı仯
ƺǿҶƾȻôţȻһ٣ûʮȼŰɫ


516 ɹ
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ʲôǿҶһںˣֿܹġȸղŵҪǿü
ҶưһޣҲ壬ԾɸоģֻվڻħͬһҶֱŭΣʱ㸲Ŀܡ
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ͣ
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¡
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Ҷ˫˸żǿս⣬ͬһץסߵߴһ㣬ҶһץסУ͵سԶ˦ȥ
꣡
Զѿһ޴ѷ죬ѷ֮УһƬޡʯҲķֺʣ޾Ŀռڵš
ҶͻȻУ緢´½һ㾫ϸޱȣ͵һȥ˫ӳЩ׵ȫԶ
ƴһ󽹺ζȻ⣬תϵָֻҪһӲܽҶΪҽֻܱҶסԶԶĶ˿κβ
ء
ʱʱɫƼʱ䡣֮еȻһ˲ʧӰ١
ٹȥôҶƵʵͬʱͻȻоͷһ谵͵һȻѹڵϣʶȥ
ûʧûСţʲô
һ˲䣬ҶڿгֵĶ鳹״ˣ˸У˴ƬƮϼƵɹӰɹ֡
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ƺסĸۡ
УҶƸһ۵һɽڹ֮˫ĿĮĿ
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Ƭɹֻһ漴ʧյУͬһʱҲɹһͬʧ
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ڽˣټȥ֪ܼܲסҶƳ˿дϡ
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ҲǿĻָƽԶһ
Ϣһ󣬸оѾõˣҶŴӿռָ֮óһոµӻϣƾɲ
һҶƳųǳ֮߻ȥ
صԺ֮У˵Ŀⶼп֮⣬ǶʵƳ磡
Ҷͣ½ŲЩ֮ĳԱǣ̸š
Щ˿УҶƵ֪ǰĴս֮ɱ¾źͷŽԶһᡣܹǧ˵Ķ飬һ֮һĻҲǳתʵ
Ҷưβ̾һԺ֮ͻȻðһʫʣô˳ɽҹǣαʬ
ƣⷬ˵ҶԼһ㶡
ΧЩʿһԭأŪ仰˼ʱһҲǸжѣšܹ죬ǻʲôء
ҶЦŵ˵ͷѾӰǰˣæ֣һƣ漴æСȥ
Ӱ漴һ߹˷ܲѵʵ죬ϲ˳ͻƣȹ٣
ҶҲЦЦ漴ߵ飬ǧҪ߱ˣޱȻҪ鷳һˡ
ľҪһȥĲҪһܻһ𣿶һҲǶһݱϣӰЩĵ


517 
ĲҪҺȷҶεԴ˵ʵȥٶ࣬ʲôãǾȥ
ӰǺðɣϣһ·ƽ
ҶƵ˵ͷָӰһԽ֮УԶŵʮף΢΢һЦһȫ˻
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һ·ϣĿĵأԨ
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ԼҲǳתʵˣոħԼﵽתͿȥѰˣֻ¿ҪĻԨŶԡ
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ֻҪܹٶȣò˼ʱͿԸϵǾԨ

һƮ޼ʵĺɫŹ֮Уһ޴ı棬һ¶еĺ˲ͷţɳƵɤôʱȥˣôûдսѶ
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ҶԶԶĿǰƺһ޴ǵ׵ĺڶĴӴĿռ䷨֮ϵĳˢΧĿռ䣬ʵõֻҪ߽ͻᱻǿӲ˺Ƭ
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Ҷһ漴ܵȻӴ󣬵Ǿ벻ɵúԶһ󲻿ŵľϲԼĶˣ¼һʲôסˣ²ܷӳ˼ʵ
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ҶҪ̨ȥǻܵƣֻĿͷѵľԼû
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һȭˣ漴˸Ӵһɫʸˣһصù顭
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521 
Ҳҵõһ㶣漴ݺݵѾ֪ͨ̽ʾ֮УôҲҽ緭һ׳죬ҲһὫʾõ
мЦЦԣ
ƥ򣡡ŭɶĺס˻ʱʣڿб裬дһ֡ƣ
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ǵõȵͻ˿ռ䷨˵ɣڴ֮ǰǸʱҾֱӼΪϽˣЦ漴͵˫ֱĶҶƣһ˿ɱ¾ζ
Сӣû˰˰ɣ
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ӷŭҪ뿪ԭԤ㣬ʹ˵ʵɽִٵ˷֣봩ԽռҲһ׵飬˵ѡô޼ɵ
֮ǰһֱҳ֣Էһ
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ȥһɲǣ칬ױưΧ漴һ˲䣬ٴų˸ǿҵĹâһ߲Ĳʹͨôأ֮ϣ·ͨɽĴţ
Ӿˣ߶֣ӡ
ֻҪ˶İ񹬵ĳӣɽһŮʵףѾԼܹĴ񹬵ƽ˲ˡΪȱУ徻رƽ·ĥ
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522 ߸
ǧ겻ĺɫƺʱ˿̶һ飬ĵ¶һ˿תЦ⣬ֻԼõɵϡ
ԶӿӾȻ¶Цݣ˶ԭأӲȱУ徻ôôһ¶Цݣ
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һ£ղԼǲҶɱӶԼֵĻƾԼδɵΪҲ϶ǳӵĶְ
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
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ӱӲͷƤųȭ񣬲ҼæʱޣͲˡ˵ţתߣǳûиκʱǽһ˦һӴϯ˿˿ĺӳȥ

ռԶݣΪ޾Űģ֮Уûܵκι
Ӵ󺧣û뵽۶˭һ䵭ģĳ˵־ͳ֣ȫûκס
ӵֳס˻ʱʣһֻסػ飬Ҳֻƾƴһˡ
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꣡
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Ӵ󾪣˻ʱٴڵػϻһӵĽų֮Уƺ͵һĻĴ׳ֱۣһȭԶĳҹȥ
ĿӣĿô޸飬Ѹ˸еءйὫһֲٿء
ѩ硭

һɾ޴ķ֮漴綼Χٶȵ¶Χĵ涼һĺռڵ嶼·һ㣬˺Ҳޱѡ
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524 ĵ
ֻɽ֣Ҹϲɶ֡ɶ΢΢Ц̧ͷգƽˣɶ󡣡
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漴ǸٴεȻӵѡҽκθ棬ֻʲôʱĻɽĴԶ㳨˵ţ֮ǵ߲ʵϼʧ漴ڸǣҲظ
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ҶƽӹһȫѪһӴľͻȻԺ֮иָо̫ˡ
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ʲôʾߣôܣǿҶƴ󾪡
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ɶҲҶԱ߿գ̾ǸʱҴɽ·ĵʮ꣬ʱʧȥйɽļ䣬һһڣȻָɽڳļ䣬ǳɶļȻšڷǧ֮Уһ֮ʱ⡣
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525 
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526 ƽԼ
˷ٵĳȵķȥȥôˣӰҲӦѾص֮˰ɡ
·ϣҶǺɻʵɶǲǳΪ֮󣬾˿⴩Խλʵ
ǵȻˣʵڵʵѾ㹻ˣֻܴԽ߼λ棬ȴڵͼλ֮лഩ󡣵Ȼλλ֮ıܵƣǾͱȽ鷳ˡɶ˵
ǳ緲ɽ磬ûбλĴڣҶʳԼҪ֪⣬ޱȽŵ߬ȭͷĿ⿴ųɶ
Ҳ֪ܻܲصȻҫǰͶԼ˵ֻҪﵽʵǿԻصġ
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527 ǣ
ܷܷվӣŵλ㣬ô뷨˰һü̾Դ쳽ʦȥұ֮λøɶСӣ˭֪ȴ˱ǿзҾֻðżȥֳôһӣֻϧ֮λҲûκȤѵҪҼڵȴȥôӹǣ¾ඣ
һŮһƤͷ漴ЦţͲҪôǫˣҿţٻһǧأ
ҲǴЦЦܷܷԴǰ֮ҲǿһˣȻţҲǿ㣬ֻϣ磬ܹúõģܲҵзȥЩʦ֣ҵɶʦ㣬Ҳչģ
ˣŮӺٺЦЦֵŷӰѡĻҾѧͲأһŵĺѡ
Ǻӣֲǲ֪ƺ«ܹΪô࣬ҲʵˣҲ˷ʵ֪ҪĻҲһߡ̾һҡҡͷ
ʵҾܷܷǺӻͦģô㣬ǧʹﵽ𻯾ŽףһҲû㡭
ŮûûεЦţҡͷţ׷ʦֵŮô࣬ҾͲˣȻǿɲŹҵġ
ԣҲ֪ƢֻҪô˵϶ǲͬˡǾƢʮͷţҲ
˵Ҳ֣׷˿Ǻܶģ۹ȴĸߣ˭Ҳϡ
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߳Ľܷܷ̾һ̧֣ŴָտɫĿռָ΢΢̾һ֮¶޾ڴ
ѵĲŮӽָʲô˼һֱҽָ桭ҳŵģߣʲôʱ򰡣Ľܷܷҧ촽ƽʱֵŮȻҲ˼ϸһ档
ӿռָ֮ȡһöҩǵҩ¶ҫ۵Ĺޱȡ
ҩһƣ컯ַֻųȥһö
֪̽Сǧ綯ԭ򡱵˵ġ
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߻ԼԺ䣬ںԺһɽǰĽܷܷվճյǼɽǼɽȻ˵ģϸһɽƺǱһ̳ģһӣ۾䣬ݿ㡭
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ңҶʦ֮֡Ҳ֮УһȥѰ㡭Ľܷܷˮۿ֮С
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һĹȥȴ˲仯ΪС̺ŵҲɢ
Ľܷܷ۾˼ĺƾ𻯾ʮ׵Ϊ˵½ûܹĹӰѴﵽ𻯾ʮ׵İҲܣ
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һ޵ĺڰɢȵ޾֮Уվһĸߴˣ˫֮дŻȵĹâɫϢΧһӴưΧضʼֹĲ
˿ӢҲһĪϤУƺһ㣬Ľܷܷҿ϶Լûм
˻̤֮Ψһвǣ˾ȻǸˣұһյڣƮ
ʲôˣĽܷܷŭĺͬһֻ˿ĸϻܱ˷֣Щȡ
̾һ˫۶ĿĽܷܷ˫֮¶ø֮ڻ֮ɫƺЩʹļף漴ϲ档ȵһһٵ
Ůġס


528 ˼
ʮ굯ָȥҶѾչؿĳųת׼ȵʵΪת֮ȥսħ
ĻҲҪյĶ࣬ϾǴӦҪɱħģȻʳԡ
ħϾҲʵǿߣȻʧȥаħұ۸̨ҶҪսʤҲô׵顣
ҶҪǿޣϵĿޣ
ֻԼսʤħļʣſԸаһЩ

֮⣬ⲽţʱĽƵ̧ͷǰһ޼ʵƽԭЩֻǻѣû취С
˽ҵҶƣȴ棬кǷ޷޲ƽ
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ףҶȻǿ˽һ
ʲô˸Ҵȣһһ޴ӰȥҰ
Ҷͷ֮Ϲ˺üߣһԵҰֹ֮УǰޱεͽҴɣ
ҰԽһʱûзӦæУ죬С»ǽɣ㻹ȥչؿްɡ
ҶƳ̾һҰǴԽǲ֪˵ʲôźá
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ѾˣƾֱӳɾϽɡɶҶƣʮ
ҶƳ˼һᣬûлشɶ仰תŮȻˣҲûʲôҪǵˣʵҲˡ
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תۼǰȥˣҶһҲûͣЪƾӴƳϢϵѰšֹ򣬿ûҵӰ
ʱһһĹȥˣתۼǰ꣬Ҷޱ޼ʵ֮УѾѰһ֮ˡһûϢʱ޿̲Ǵھ߶ȼ֮ڡ˵ǣҲܹоһƣ֮ͬˮӿ
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ǰңҶ͵һʯ棬ϸ۲Զǿɫ򡭡
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ǰԸѾˣϢɡҶƱ۾ǿҶֿ
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Լϵȫģ
աագ
̾ҶվףĸףԭºĲТ
ϣҶ𣬳֮Ͼҵķȥ˲˴㣬ֻһξӨۿ֮е䣬ڴ֮оȻûб绯߿յڵ֮ϣһƬĮǵĮ֮С
һĨȻɫʼѿת˲濪ʼʻƬƬĹľԴӵתۼ串޴ɳĮ
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Ϣǳ˳һ硣ˣۿ
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ĸףĵƽ̣ԭƽˣѾӽֹıչءǽҶƸħս»ء
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ȵ˶ɢȥӾԨ֮ϸһӰ
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յħѾˣҲһƽɢ޶ѡ

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ûЦĺǲãüɫ衣


530 콵λ
磬ôݵĹǧ֮áħŸҲڻɱ¾ΪһĴڣǾ֮
ǧһ죡
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ػһӢ䣬ɽһѹ·渽ž޴ʶ㿴һ궼Ƿˮһ㷭ڣ
񣬾Ϊ˼һ֮ģ֮Ҷơ
ͻȻտ֮бޱȣƻۣһѹֵϢͻȻѿһѷ죬һںڵĿռѷ˳·ž޴Ǻڶһ粻ϵС
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ǱһȻһ𣬸Ԩĺ׹ػͻȻһ
ԨڵĺɫϢӴİԵĺɫ֮ѷ֮ϢϢȻаģǱȴȻֽͬȻͬϢȴһ
ϵĽ֯ţŤţϢ϶Ϊһռ俪ʼٵŤų⣬֮Ĺң
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ȻѾŤʱգγһСǧ磡

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СϪߣһСݡСԱ˵Ļ㣬Ź֮͸õĸܣ·Ҳһͬһ
죡
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˵ûд²Ҫңǰ˵ĻɶԷ𣿡һΪӲڴ
죬Ǽ°˻𼱻ǵ
һӴӲ֮߳ƺӢ֮ûκκۼҲʮģ
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죬Ԩ䣬ƺγһСǧ硣ų˵ҪȥһȴڸղŴȵѶţɫѵ
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ںܿ촫һŮȥأ
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Ԩĵһ֮ҶƾЩסˡԨѾһӴĺƣɺǿĿֲ˴һЩʵܿ±ӴʶᴩԺΪһ˼ɵӡ
ھԨԱѾվ˼֮ˣомʵȽǿĳתˣҶƵˣҲһϲĵϥأͬ죡
죬ųźѾǰʱȥˣÿһӽǺɫо־гͷӽѾǲˣǵ
죬ҪԳô
ЩԿĳҶһֱǵľ䣬ҶƲڵʱ򣬾ûĹһ㡣Ǵ˿ҶˣǵϵĴʯͷ˲䱻ƿһ㣬Ҳᵣʲôˡ
ȺǣȽȥһ̽ҶעǺɫȴǰ
ɺɫʵСǧڣ֮֮󣬾ѾСǧ֮СоʲôΣգԼҲö֪ǿԿ϶ǣбضǿĴڣ
ǺɫֻڶѣΪʲôǽӽᱻĪأ˵Ϊ˱Сǧ磬Ǻôȥģ
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һХҶֱӳǺɫȥٶȷɿ٣һ˲ͱɫϢɣ
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ҶƸоЩëȻԲһת֮׵ǿܹӵеĸоǧ֮ڣҶƴûиܵ
ѵɽ·ģҶüͷǰǺɫɽ֮ڡ
ƺȥôһͣҲûбˡ
ڽӽھ޴ɽʱ򣬴ԼݳһɸĶҶƺسɴһ㣬һ˲ͳɽ֮ڣʱһʬϢ
жҶƸоˣʬ֮лԼ̺һԶأҶƺķֱ˳һֿԻ˵ʵĶᵽ֮Уͻж
Ҷȫ⣬ѪڷڣǿĶضܱڵһɶ
Ѿʬ֮ȾֳȳζһֱǷµĳ⣬Ż¡
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ңֹһ
ǰߣɽ֮УƺһƬ޴ĳɭɫľ֦ǰ׹һûһҶӣֻǿݵ֦ɡ
ҶüͷĿŵһĹͷϣûз磬ǹͷȴƺҡڣƮš
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ҶҲо˲Ծͷһ㣡
ಣ
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Ȼ
ҶƿҲ͵ĵƻӳһɾ޴ֱμ˳ȥǹǴ̿ڣʵֱӱҶƵˡ


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εûоʹ˽ȻǰţٴγǿߴĹͷ棬ʱһȻ죬ȫΪޣԭӲĵҲΪ޴Ĵµһ˲ӿ˵֮ϣǷͻȻһ󶴣ˮ͵Ĺ˷֮ڣ˲䴫
ԭֻһ˵ʯ㣬Ȼȫָ࣬Ĳ˼飡ҶҡҡͷǴҲ൱ڳתҵǿȫһȻǿǶҶ˵ֻëëѡ
Сǧ绹ǹ죬һǿΪλгתʬ壬ҲĲϡˡ
ȻǿĹͷҶˣǰһƬֺҶҲ飬ͻȻһѵ֮۳ΪһС׵ԲţϵšǽʩչԪҶƺݺݵĳ֮˦ȥ
СС׵Բ˲ɵ֮Уһž޴Ӵ׵߲֮˸ţ̫Ĺһҫۣ
һ룬׵Բ֮һһ׹ҫһһ׵䣬ƬͷɻҽҲһһĿӡ๾ཹཱུٴδӵ֮ӿֳ˱ǡ
ͻȻӵ֮˲˼ֻͷֱۣ͵ıסҶƵȣţҪŵ֮ȥ
Ҷһ𺳣ֹͷֱ֮ϸŵҲųתǼͷֱͬʱǽҶƵ峯泶ȥ
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ȣ
䣡
Ҷ֮ͻȻŷһױȵºȻ죬һȵֱӳȥ
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Ҷƽʶȫ˳ȥȻֻвʮ׵ķΧҲ㹻̽δ֪Σˡò˵Сǧ绹Ǻܹ֣֡
Сǧ羿ǺΪΪת֮ҵʶԱѹ֮СķΧ
һйŹ֣һҪЩ¶ģҶնˣټǰСܿɽɽ֮䡣
ɽīɽߴԾͺȴһ㣬Ϣ
ҶΣĿķΧڣɽ嶼ͬĵһָּߣɢŸõϢݲʯᾡԶԶȥЩʯƺɺһһѵôֱĶ㣬˲о޲
ɽ̬ͣ죬צӰءâʱռ·ҲŤĺɫɭȻֱ֮㿴һ۾ͷ·˻ʭһܡ
ߵɽ壬ҪΧɽ߳һϣͬȺһϸĿĻͻᷢ޴ɽʯȻģ˹ĥɣƽޱȡ
ɽı棬ʯ֮£һͣŤӱ֮ϸֳ·һܾĥ֮Ӳʯͷ棬㿴һ۾ëȻ
ҶֻоԼȻʵǿǿֹĶ̲סһɺ⡣
ǰţߵɽ֮ǰҶ׼߹ȥͻȻһɫĹâͻȻ𣬴ɽ֮䣬Ȼһ޴˵Ҳʮ׿۾֮г˴ִѪ˿ħȻԽɣ
ɽ֮ĿҲʮףħ۾Ȼһ¾ռһ룡ճ˵Ľߵɽ֮ϣɫճҺϵĵδҪжġ
ҶԼǰħۺһ۵ɹȥһεħҶƵԣ
ħʵǿҲǳתʵʵģֻҪһۣʱоԴػͷͣϹ̱ԡһģԴֱը
Ӵľ񹥻
Ҷ˿壬ħ۵Լֱӷ˻ȥ

Ҷ˫֮һ˿ҫɫһΪʵʵǿ˫֮ݺݵĳǾ޴ħ۴̹ȥ
ħ۵˲һ࣬סɽĴ벻ϵţճҺεδ͵£γһһСӡħۿ޺ŲҽУ˸оޱ޼ʵĿ־УȻţѪֳһĨ־֮ɫ
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޴˲ըѣѪĴɽһɹɶɫҺضǣ港ʴһɶ
ҶƵľƾ壬ֱӽħ۵ľˣҺݺݵķ˻ȥħ۸ûа취ܣԺֱܿԱˡ
ħԱ֮ɽ֮ڳһ㹻ʮ˲紩ķ϶ڶģѪȵϢȻ˾úܲҲֻôһ·ˡ
ҵҪ澿ʲô
Ҷüëһ뽫ȫŪſȥ̸Ⱥ顣Ϊﶼ֪ôСǧ磬ôȥѰңΪ룡
޴ɽ壬֣оܵĿһ˲ȡǲϢʪм˱ǵ֭³
ҶѸٵĳǰţʶѾΧŵ󣬵ǱСĿ
ߵһĵضΣѾĺɫˣԭҶƸմһΪԼҵˣһ˲۾ʵȫģ
ǰԶһ޴ĺԱһɫĸɽѪģѪȥҵĸ˸оһܡ
涼ŨѪ֫ϱۣðݣȷڵġƵʬµţżŭĿԲͷ­Ưں棬Ż
Ǹɽɲʯͷɵģеʬ壡֫ϱۻһΪ̫ԶȻȫγһܸߺܴԶԶһɽֱۣȲ棬ģǻԭϵĳݣͷƤ飡
ȫʬڸǣЩȻˣǰԹڣҲϵһȻ࣬ȴ㹻Ӵ
ѪȾ˴أԹգɱ֮ѪȾ졣
ҶƵĸоʮ񣬱ܸﲢ򵥣
תͷȥҶƿ˺Ưŵһֻ΢΢һƳҲƲĿˡƯŵһʴͷ­Ǻɣӣ沿Ťƺʱܵ˷˵ĥ鶼Ҫɳˣ
Ҷ˫ȭ߬һҲȫ˵ʵǧڣѾܾûôŭˣȫһҪɱ˷йķŭ
һʼ͸ԼģŵųʵҲǲףżܿʹһιͷʦνǸҶƼѣ
Ǵ˿̺ͷ­ȻѪ֮Ưţ֣
Ҷûзϻſһɾ޴ͷŷʴͷ­֮£ȻһȫǹǼܵ壬ȥƯѪͷ­֮⣬֮ϵнƤʴһɶ
ǣֻͷ­塭
ǡ˭Ҷ͵İͷŭ𣬱Ϣڿ˳ƺݺݵ˳


532 Ѫ
һ޴ؿʼΧĿռ˲ѿ޾ŭȼգ
ѪҺ忪ʼཹཱུķտ˵ˮƬˮʼΪѪԭ򣬾ˮŵȳ֮
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ҶƸоʮһͷаͷ۾ԾȻ׺ȼյĻ棬ͬɭһ˫ͫҲף޾һ˸оޱߵĿ־У
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Ҷȫ䱸һӴѾʼתֻҪǧ֮һ룬ͿĲٿؿռ䷨򣬽ͷѹ飡
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ͷͻȻһˢԾŵһƬɭȻ׹ǣһüӡ
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Ȼת֮ǿ߶廹ٿأҶƸоԼԽԽСǧȤˣ
˲䣬ҶƵɫһһٵָźʬˣǲǱɱģ
ᣬκһ˿һĸ飡
ǣôҶƾԻƷ޾Ŀ־壡
ȻǧвôܵǴ˿ﻹǷŭҪ
ɭЦЦô֪˵˭ֻʬǣһɱģǵѪɣעѪ֮УȻǵʬ¸¸£ôѵ𣿡
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ռҲ飬ǹϢѣ޾ڻۣڣ
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ֳɼϵƺҶƵоһӶѣӴ˲չ˳ϵ֮ǿԭǶڸֹƿǡô
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͵õϣȻһ꽻֮ߵĿռһ˲ȫ𣬵ȴƱκζҪӲȻֻһ£ֳһ׺۶ѣľûʲôˡ
лڲϵõ壬ƺһ˫һ͵ĽǰĿռУ漴ݺݵһֻһռ֮оȻһϣ
ҶˣöҲֻǰ֮ǣô̶ֳȵǿأȫû
ÿҶһɻӣҲЦЦ֪ʿҵ塭ǡģ˵ǡûκεЧ
һһϣɳżǵΪײһԵʣȻ˵˵һ׵飡
Ҷһ㶣ûô
ǵЦЦǵӣһӴۣ˲仯Ҷǵصбԭ
ҶƵһӣٿſռ䷨򣬿еΪáӿĿ˲佫һһŵĻ򴵵õ˻ȥȫбԼϣ
ǣûõģòĶ˶壬ΪûпȼѸٴλָԭĽ
ҶƶǶĵ˵ͷ䲻޵еĴڣȻûκЧãǾɣ
һ˲䣬ҶƵ廯һīӰӣ˲ʧԭءǰĿռѷѿҶƴһݺݵһȭҹȥ
ʵֻҶƵĸѣҪ˵ҶʲôǿĸҲǾͨϵǿԺ춯صӴ
ҶƣɿľޣѪͬˮڣѾ֮壬峤壬壬Ҷֻ䱳˵嶼һҶǿ
һȭǰĿռ飬ֲֳѺۣ޾ɢبŵĻһС
͵һ㶣Ȼû뵽ҶƾȻֱӸԼƴ
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СǧǱģˣСǧҲ֮
СǧıѾ˵һ㣬ǾѾҷԪѾɢؼ䡣
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538 Ԫ
ɶ˫֮Ȼû¶εӴȴҶ궼ڲˣһҶҲǸɹ֮еӻҪǿ
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״̬֮£Χѹʱ˲٣ҶҲһ˿ԴĻᣬһ˲䣬ɶǿһ֮࣬ҶƸո̧ϥٴȥ
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ݺݶ仰ɶ͵ŤͷȥڴҶƣָоҶеֽɶ§ڻСڷʱԼֻһССĵӣɶȴ֮Ů֮䷢һϵеԼʱ򣬲һеĸԼع£Ȼʤꡣ


539 Ԫ
ӳɶĹڳ֮ҶĶβܹԪԲֻ𻯾ʱ򣬾Ȼ͵ս֮򵽣ѵ˵˿
֪һּҪСĵ飬ȻͻȻ֮͹һˡһɻصķɣʿʱ򶼻Сģ±š
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Уҵ۹ⲻֻ磬иȴȥ̽աڵҶɽ˵ֻǾ֮ܣһĴڡȻˣҾҪƾԼʵһһ̤Ҷ˫һĹǳ׻ðվ񣬲ƽ
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ԴԴϵҶƵԪ֮ڣȫѹ档ҶҪʲôʱʹãֱӴԪ񴦿ʼͨ鲼ȫ

ܵٶȿʼĽʱҶҲ۾֮ǰͬǣ˫֮УѾһɲõĽɫԣ
Ԫɣ
ҶƺԼڵʵѾͻ˳ھת֮ף̤˵ľ磡
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ΪʲôԼͻƵ˵ľ磬ȴûʲô˷ܵĸоأ
ͻ˵ľ磬ҲζԼҪˡɽ˲һʵһ̣ҶɹԼԪ񣬾ǲһȷľ
֮ڣɶüһֱԶʲô飬ΪʶԽһо۵ס֮ǰһҵĶҶԪһ˲γɵĿռ䲨
ȻôԪУǸҶֻˣɶɫ΢΢úÿһЩǿɻô䡣
ҲϣǳΪ̨СС硣Ӧȥɽ磬ȥո¶ǣֻһƬ죡
˵仰֮󣬳ɶҲתͷȥ˫֮еıȻһ˲ڻ˅ȻĶ
㣡
ĸ֣ǳɶ̵˵ģӵҲֻԼõ

ľôѩޱܴ󣬵ȴҶһ
ǵģԲޱܷܷ飬ɶҶ˫֮ȫǸ⣬˿ǲҲˡ
ڤڤ֮УѾоɽҵٻΣǲͬģֻܡҶֹ
Լľֻ֧㣡գգ۾Ӻǿɰ
ǰҲ˵Բ̨ܷܷҲ
ǵáһᣬűôһ仰
㣡ɶ¶һЦݣڻѩһ㣬Ҷһ˲
ǸЦݺ⣬Ҳ


540 ɽ
Ҷ͵۾֮ǹӴٻѾԽԽˡӸտʼԼԼĸ٣һֱֱӸĵԼҪϷˣ
ĿһķҶƸϲߡ
֮ǰҪȥ˸
ɣ
磡
һˬĴЦĸ͵ײһ
ҶЦݣǰֵܣҲӿһ
ƣ
˿ûʲô仯ΪʵΪˣòûʲôԵĸı䡣ǧʱƺûκκۼֻ͸һԵĲɣС
Сģ羴㣡ڷ磬ǵһģǸʱֵ˾Ͱ㵱Ŀ꣡Ȼֵ֮СģȴΪǿģôֵġ
ҲǳĬԣһеľơ
ʵͨľˮûκЧãǺȵǴ֮ժɵҩľƣζ񣬺󾢼Ҫǣ־ƾ
һΪŵ֣
Ҳ˵ӵлռʵȶ־ҺҲ
Ҳֻּ𣬲üƷһǧԸܹ⣡
СģֵҲ顣ۿҪˣҲûʲôģֻһ䣬ɽɲ磬һĻƢɽǣҲ˫֮һˮ۾ñ˿
Ҷصĵ˵ͷ磬Ҷ
ҲЩȶˣͷŽᣬ˵ˡҡҡλεǰҶƵļСģ硭㣡˵ţһٴκȾеľҺǿ뼷һ˿Ц⣬ȴʧˣǸЦݽӲޱȡ
ɽŴңҶĵ˵ͷȶˣЩԺˡ
ֵˣԶ䣡
еľҺĸ˽ٴһͷɵ
֮͵ؽеˤڵϣžһɴƬصһ䣬ֲ˲۾٣ôɳӽˣ
Ҳ۾ŵǰû磬ôɳӣ
ƾ˵ʵӵǣɳôܷɵĽȥأ
ûЦжѪᣬǡаˣӱôˣ
ҶۿҲЩʪ󣬵ȴסᣬû⡭ֵ鰡
֮ҶƵľƾҲ˲٣̤ڸ߿֮ϣ΢棬ޱȡ
ʱǸˡ
΢΢ı۾Ҷƴ֮иѩޱ顢ܷܷԼɶȫһѶϢ
ˣûһֱǣҸеǱǸлᣬһɽߣǴȥɽѰҡᰮݱ𣡡
ŮͬʱյѶţζƿȻ׼һ̵ʱ˭Ҳ޷ֵ¡
ͷûж˵ʲôǱȥȥˣһϲʵжġ
ܷܷۿѾʪ󣬱ġ
ѩޱ۾ƺǶһһţ
ɶ̾һڹ֮ڣҪٴν״̬ȴҲ
ģɶԳһЦ

֮ϣҶſ˫ۣ׼ȥӭǹɸ٣֮ͻȻųһʰ쵵ϼ⣬ſռ鿪һɢʥĽɫԵͨϷ
ô
ҶѾķԼڵԪ궯ƺΪеҪʲôҶƺֻɽ磡
͵һǽɫ֮ͨУҶƸоԼǹɽɫĹâȫΧŴзһӴѹպ첻ϡ
ɫâʧͬҶƵӰҲʧ֮У
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ʢ˥ܣ·Ĺһ㣬Ĺɣɽ絮ؽһǧڣĹĴţ
ĹǹϴУ˥ܵ
Ĺ죬ǱΪɻʣ
ĴɻʣɽλʵĴɻʽϽɵʵɽǿĴɻܱȡĴɻӵɽ絮ֵļк
ļк֮жĴڣ
ΪƷƷƷƷƷƷɣ
ĸȻʵռơ
ĴɻʵλѾ˵Ǹռһ̡ɽҲΪĿ飬ֱǶ񹬣񹬣񹬸񹬡
޳ǣǶһ߾ǳأǳڣһķأרŽӴ½ķߣ
ԣս׵սʿһ֧СӸպõֵǣǱڷԴһ꣬Ӵ½ǿߣһŻһ֧Сࡣ
Ҳгţʱ˵˵˵Ҳ̣һγ߾Ǽʮֻ꣬Ӵʵĵĺܣûʲô
Ǿ˰ˣû뵽߻ϡеĿʮǾȻһη߶ûм߻Ǳ䱦󰡣һԴԹ
Ҳûʲô취ֲ·ߵĴײˣô׾ܼǵСӣһֵİʱ䣬Ҳһη߶ûмһҲǰο
˺ˣȱЩˣʱǾͽˣʱһȥһ٣һȽϳص΢΢һЦ˵Ļȴġ
ǶӳģǸһٺЦ
ʳɲˣһǿΪĹЧһ˻ĳԲأ
ͻȻԭƽѵķصȻǰɫϵţʱ֧Сֹͣġ
зˣ
Ǹһ˿ϲû뵽һֵҿԼߡҲǼѣһ
ɫԽԽ󣬾ͷ·һڷзһԲ׷ΧطصķΧȻأ
һӰڷģģӳֳԵҲǲϵķţӰеĸӵ޳
ʱɫͻȻȵ˲ᴩӵڣཹཱུڵĿˮŰ

ӴһѹֵĺҲϵĲţƺڵŴɱĶһ㡣
ʹޱȣ۵ģ
Ϊ׵Ǹӳ̾һЩ壬ÿ߶ҪһڡȻƾǱܳܵסɽ


541 
ɽ½ȫͬģ½һ콾վλ۷壬ɽ磬ܻܿᱻӴֱӼѹΪ࣡Թͷܶߴӷ֮߳һĻû˵ֱӾͱɽӴѹ顭
ɽҲΪ䣬ڷڼӴľҪ壬ܳܵסӴΪ½ǿɽһ΢ūͶȲϣΪɽһЦ
־޴УŲ˶ܳܵסġ
ԣСҲԶվԱߣɫ֮һ˿Ρʹ಻ģ濾ûκΰ취ҪɽͱҪһڣ
ڣǸӰڲϵĲţͷҲ˴ε亹ѾϥڷаʱҪãûֹͣ˼ȻϵĳԴԴϵĹעȥ
ף
Ϊ׵ǸӳĿǸӰһСӵ˸˵಻ᳬʱΪ֮ͻΪղӴߵе˼ʱԳ˰ʱ
ӳĬһ£Ц˵ܹ֮ǰļ¼أ
˽ԶĿתĶŷڵǸģӰȻԴԴϵĹڣֻ岻֮ǰϵĲˣ·ҲƽԲһĥһܣ
ʱһһĹȥСӵ۾ɵԽԽͳˡO͡
Ѿǣһʱ˰
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ڵǾǿ˴ģǾ֮еľ裡һͲҪƽʱԲ׵ļˡҲΪչһ´½ķߣǸӦɽ
ǰӣ˸ĥ塣ѾڷһʱҪ࣬Ȼûнסڵûб٣ԴԴϵ˺ܶࡣ
СҲǵһνӴߣȻûʲô顣ֻɵվڷԾĵȴţֻϣ̡ܿ
ǳ㶣漴͵ӡӳûз֡ڵѾ챻һˣˣ
ʲô
ǶӳҲһæȥȻԼĪ״СķڵѾҪһոɾˣȻ˿̻ڷϵԶܶģҲԲԴԴϵİ
⡭
˳״˿Ӧôźá

ҶƸоԼǽɫͨһ˲䣬ͳʧȥʶƺΪ֮еһСĳûκδôϵƮ
ǵоԼƺһĿȨ֮ȴͻȻԼһƬȵĺ֮УǲܽԼڵ·ǿһӲĽµȫߣռԼ塣
˸оʹȴǻʵģһʱҶƵĻͬɸһĲţΪȵʹ࣬Ťˡ
ʱһһĹȥҶĸоʹʱƶ䵭ϸ΢ı仯ȴϲ֣ʹгʧȡ֮ˬоԼԼʵЧ
ҶƺĸоˣԼڵģȴͨǾ
ֶۻʮŴﵽЧֻ˼Ӿܴﵽ
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ҶҲԸ뿪̰Ĳڵˣ¶ҲͼְʱͻΪ徭Ĳò߳ΪڼȥĻűĺģҶƵǿ±ǿҲ˶٣ϱͬʣҪԶԶ֮ͬˡ
ˣıȱ˿죬ȱ˶࣡
ŲȥܷڵǲǱһոɾˣֻ֪˲ռɵ
оԼʵٵţӸտʼ¼ɣһԾΪмɣӴڵԪ񴦹ţս䴫֫ȫӯעĸоĺ
ͻȻϡҲ֪ʲôԭ򡣲ҲûбԹʲô˭뵽һɽʱܹõݴأ

һڣҶ̾һ۾
һ޴ĳӣԼվУԶƣһɾϢ
վҶƴӷһص˲䣬һǵصͻȻϮҶɫһ䣬׼Լ壬Ѿˡ
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ҶƵ屻ǹݺݵѹ˵֮ϣ̧ͷʮѡ岻ϵĲţͷ·һɽѹıϣ֪Ƕôľˣ
⣡
ҶƷŭֿɾǿ̧ͷ˫սѥڳԼ߹
̧ͷɫ͵ս׵ӣһ˼Ŀ⿴ԼҶƸоЩͷԡ
٣ɽôҶƳŸǴк
Ϊ׵ǸǶӳ˶˶񣬵ãߣǶ޳ڵһأǵСӡȻŬҪװһ򶨵ӣǳ
˭뵽һ߾Ȼڵȫأ
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Ȼ˿ֲƺһ򱶣Ҷƿһǵ˻㲻
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ǰǷ͵شӵһŤ壬һصĴϢȷҪܳʱſӦǺа
һٴδͣӦӾǰЩʱյһСӽӴǸߣһӦɽѾΪѻˣǸߣǱ
һķߣԶҪӦһѾˣ
ǰߣֻǼӣӶѣ
⡭
Цɣ
֮е
ѵôɾͱǵСˣ
ҶƳŻһ壬˱ģоԡȥ帺һЩ֮⣬Ҳûĸо
ԶԶΪͬʣ˷ڵһʵΪмɡڶ̶̼֮ӦɽҲûʲôֵġ
һУͼֱɼˣ
⡭ôܣһҲĿɿڴ
ǸСӳ£ߣ㡭ûиоʲôʣӦҪһʱ䣬оʵڸ̫Ļͱǿ
Ҷֲѵ۹⿴Żûоʲôɽĸоͦġ


542 һȭʯ
˶һۣԶ˶Էеľ֮ɫȷǷ˼ѵһô
ҽһ£ҽľףСӵĶӳǸȽϳصӵ˵ͷչ涨߽ԶҪڿ޳ڿ꣬ӣ⵽׷ɱ
ڿꣿ޳ȥڣ
ҶɫЩãǲûбֵ̫ԣԼɽν޸ƼЩ˶ǲܵģıֻ侲
ܺã½һյɽķߣͱɽ糤ЩҪ侲Ķࡣľ΢Цŵ˵ͷһΪҪֺúýѵһء
˵ţľתǳӵ϶ȥȥ󳡣˵µķأ
ǣӳǳӵͷ漴һ֣ĸԱվڷԡ
ҶƸľԣĳǰš
ľ˵һȸһɽĴɣ㶼ϸˣԺֳЦɹֲˣ
ҶƵ˵ͷɽһӴˣĸоͦġ
ľ׵ɽȣԭռֱ̫ˡ
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ɽһ鼫ΪĴ½֮˵ɽһĴ½Ϊ½Χ޾غ⺣жûֻ֪Ͻɲſ֪ɡľЦ˵
Ȼɽųɾŵˣסڴ½֮ϣ򼸺ԺԡҲ˵ɽһ޴ش½
ԭˣ
ɽĴɽ½֮ϡľ٩٩̸Ϊ񹬣񹬣񹬸񹬡ǶΧڵһǳء޳ǡ
Ҷһ㶣񹬣֮صĵһƮӲ˵Լȥɽ綫ѰôӦþ񹬰ɣ
ţɽռǳȶͬʱҲΪشҲܵˡ߿Ծ̤շˡ
Ҷüͷ˵ͷղžͳԹɽӴ֮£θЩѶȣֻ
ҿԺȷĸ㣬ɽ磬ֻдﵽɾĲܷУľɽַΪɡɡɡɡɸϽɣÿȼ뵽ﵽɵʵϼѣͱҴмͻƵϼɣôһ׶ξͺķǧ֮ã
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Ҷ̲סͫһٷ֮һĻôֻǸտʼѣ
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ҶЩǻǽԼεĺܺáӳɶѾʶ˵ʵˣȻҿԡ
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ͬʱҶҲܵ˴Сʯϵķõ˺öಽɫһ󳱺죬ȻȳѪ
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ԸùϵҲǱģһ˷飬һõ˵ע⣬ʱȻǷɻڴ
ľǰ̫ˣҶЩܳ˹ֵ
֪СֵγƺľҲĸҶ̸š
ҶƣľǰôҶƵ˵ͷ
ұ鳤꣬ǰʲô̫ˣ״ͺãľ΢΢һЦ


543 Ʒʯ
ҶҲɵ֪ľ״˿ڸԼʹϵҲ֮ãһЦصĵ˵ͷã״磡
֣󳡻һʱ䣬Ǳ̸߱Σľ˫ϵҶƣƺԴӸղҶһȭǿСʯ֮ľ׵̬ҲԼԼ˲١
ã״룡ҶƲ飬ľ׳ǰš
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ҶƵ˵ͷǻһʣ״磬Ʒʯʲô
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ҺôҲϼɵʵ￴طأΪӳÿҲֻܵõʮƷʯҲһƷʯ˵ʯǼΪ׬ģľײ˼ͷԿĳõı겢ߡ
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Ҷ΢΢۾оеˮһǹ˸оĬԼ֣Ȼ۾ˮǸˡ
ţµķ߶԰ɣҶƣˣͨڵСȥͿˣÿʮһνʯʱŰɣЩĲɣҶ䣬ߡ
״磬ȥˡǶлչˣҶƶľ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ûʲô֣Ժɻڴ˿ɱǸңľ׹ЦţҶƴȤȻĿҶƽ֮£
С£ǰһбص׵ͨһʯףӱĻѣҲѡ
þԼףĿӵпʼִССĲ·¿ʼƽĻҲϡϡԻ谵
Ӧþǲڣ֮ӦǺܴģԹһ㣡Ҷ˼漴ͷһӶ·ܼ˵ĽһЩ˴һҶ֮⣬ĲûҶƣǼ·š
ҶҲѡһû˽ģһ·ӵܵԽԽ٣߹հתһͨУܾЩ죬һӰ
ҶƶԴ˵ǼΪ⣬ͷˡ
ܲϲһ˵ʲôʱͻᱻ˴ӱͱӣǲԼͱ˵ӵģ
Ѱʯ˵Ѳѣ˵ҲԲ򵥡һֻܿо˵һӾڳܶ࣬Ҳڳһʯͷ
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Ҷǣ˿ȵѪδﵽޣƺڻмǱڣⲻһϲؾ׳Ѫ

Ҷֻȫ泩ޱӿӴ׷ӿڣԭӴޱȵѪԷǳԵٶţҲ֪ǲԭ


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ռָڣŶʮöƷʯ


547 Ϊ
Ҷڽ⼸ڴ󲿷ʱ䶼ϣҲֻҵöƷʯѣôĻҲѾжʮöƷʯˡ
ȥʮö֮ԼʮöͻȻҶƾڿҲһ飡
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Ѩ͵һ˲ҶֻõһӰ˸ѨͳʧȥӰ
Ҷ۾һ
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ͬһ̣ҶƷȥʶƺǸӦʲôһӽԤеǸȥ

һӴĸ֮ҶеƷݺݵ˵ѨıţɾѶϵˡ
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Ҷνչһ壬ǶϵĽֶ㻹ǲ˽Ұ
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һҶƻµĽɫâ˲Ũųʮҫۣ˸˸۾
ǵѨȻ˲һҪ̳Ҷƽµŭ˫ۣ־岻ѡû뵽ǰˣȻܹӵӴѹԼܲס
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ôܣ
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ҶƵ˫Ѿ˵֮УΪӴҲʹõѿһһĹѡ
һͷΧתѾĻΪɫ뵽֮ڣҲһýڣȭͷΪͷƺϾҪųȥһ㣡
ҾΪ׼ĻԵһɣúɣ
Ҷ˫֮ҲһɫԣԵޱׯ£ʥϢϷ
ôܣ
ѨһŭȫȻ֮ǰĿֱŤͷߣӴڵ֮ϷٵţƺҪٴ£
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Хۣһ
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552 ֮ʥ
ѨѾҶƵϸܵ˾޴вƺԼôһֱĸо·ҶǰԼһֱСһ޴ѹš⾿ô£ǿԿ϶ǣѪ֮ϵѹƣ
Ѫ֮ϵҶƾͳѨ̫̫ˡȲ˵ҶѾںȫһӵǿۣǳǿƣѨȻһ֣˵ֻһĽѣʮǧﰡ
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Ҷ֮£ԿԷӳٷ֮һٶʵ
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Ѩ˫֮¶һ˿ӵɫ֮ǰ֪һͷԶĻô˵ʲôġ
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϶ǡֱӴİСӳ˫ֱסԴ˫֮һ˿֮ɫ
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뵽Сӳ˫֮ҲǷһĨ⣬ЦЦ
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Сӳŭһ͵ʶһƳҶĹ˲䱻Ӵ֮УһӾͱά
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Ѫ˿ϼȫŤ¿־嵽˼£˿ӿѪתû˿ֱҪӲڰգСӳĥ˲䱬ըѪȾ档

ҶƴڴڵĴŴĨһѶͷĺˮɱСӳҲʮֲɣǶԼĸɣǼΪӴġ
屻˲䣬СӳԪ뿪壬ҪԶȥǱҶ͵һסݺݵĳ
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ҶԴʵҲ֪ȥʮǰҸոշɽͬ޸Ƽһ㡣
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ҶƵ˵ͷˬ˴ӦˡΪʲôţΪټ֮ʥİҶҲһԶˣҲ޵УһĻٶȾǷ
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Ҷʼ޿ɷ棬ΪǴûҲȥֵġǵҹȥʱǱߵ־ѾˣҲһ֪
˵˵ͷǰ˵󳡶أѾ˿ӱ޵ĸȥˣֵ޳ǧδֹһΡ
ҶƸڣƺ뵽ʲôһ㣬ҶͻȻתͷȥʵˣǸ٣ʲôˣ˵޳Ǻʮһ㣿
ԭžɫĻ谵ȥЩͳǰ޳ǵȷ˵ȥ⣬һҶˡҵ˳λ̳ˡҵʵǿɸ֣˵ŵɼĸأ
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ԭֻǾңûʹιֵֶΣҲûзϡһΪҪȥ֪Ϣ֪ˣҲһȺȥ˿󳡣ڵʯȫߣɫЩÿ
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޷ģ޳֮Уڳ̫֮֡ȻĻƾֶΣͲڿ֮вˡ
ϣڱ˵ϣǲ׵ġһڻôΣôҶһ˼ӡ
˫ȥƲˣʲô취ҵļԲҵĶֵģ
Ȼˣǻ󻼣ֻмɵʵûʲôֵעĵطٸɧ㣬Ҿ㡭ɱˣҶ˵ЩʱƽƺҪɱһˣ˵ҪʲôһѰ
ƴ磡ˣǧҪɵ°ҵʵͬСɣ޳ڣֻģɱǿɾĸγɲݵľˣǿŵɼǿ߰
Ҷƴ˸ЦҸ㿪Ц
ߵһΪĸۡǰҶƵҼˣʱӦöڣһɣ
˵ţŴŴ˹ȥ
֪ΪΣԭӦúֵĸۡ˿ȴԵú壬߹ȥʱŵڿ˲۾ֱˣæСС㣬ˣ
ֵĵ˵ͷﶼڰɣ
ɫʱЩѿ֧֧˰˵ȻЩˣһɵôˣѵʲôô
ЩڳԵСС㣬֪ڸղţҴţ˵СͷɱǵˣҪһһүڸǶԳ֡
˵ͷʱ˻͵͵ƳҶһۡ
ҶȻȴȫûκηӦ
ôЩˣƿ׼ȥǱסˡ
С㣬㻹ǿ߰ɣǵĿ㣬㲻ֵĻڳϣҲҶүôģˣǾȫһˡ
ұҪȥֵҵﶼڣŮʲôɲڣǵĿ겻ôǾͳˣ
˵ţԴһ˿Ǹתͷƴ磬ǸΪҺ㡣ⲻ㿴Цˡ㻹ǿЩ߰ɣɱãǿ϶鷳ģ
Ҷƴ˸Ƿɱûˣô죿һ㱳һôĻҶƻǸô
˵һУҶûйô룬ֱ˵ƿ˽ȥ
֪˫֮Ѿһˮʵ˵


556 
ŵȻܽҲûбİ취ȰҲǸҶһ߽ͬ˴ڡ
ǰվһҵ඼мɵʵ˿֮̿Ҳǰһ
һֱܽȥ档
ɫһδһ
ȻһŽ۵Ӵ˳֮ӿֳһڸǲסЦ⣬ǵԵҶƵʱһˢһ
ߣ·㲻ߣƫСӣɱ˰ɣĿҶƣͼӴѹҶȴ̧ͷһȻԵõӡ
ƾĿʵҪҶƸеѹȣǲܵģ
Ȼ˶мɵʵҶʹȫĻʮҶƵĶ֡
ΣҶüһӵ
ãðܺãԼѹҶϣ߾Ȼ޷ӦҲǷŭޱȣָҶƣϣ㻹Цó
ٴδӻ߳һߣ뷢ްףһϼ޻վߡ
ү
ޱȹ
˴ӷ߳һԼһ毺õĸŮ̬߳ƣ˵ӣӦþ˫ˡ
ۿʪˣæ˹ȥûΪɣ
̾һ㲻ûģ
ߣƥ򣬽飬˵ָҶƵŮСӣɱҵˣɱ˳ǷծǮҪ͹ԹԵİСӽҪ޼Ҿ͵ҵıɣ
˿һҶƣ˵ʲôζȻǼҡҡͷܣ޼ûκԨԴĳȻûȨȥҪ
ǾƲԳԷˣ˫֮¶׺֮ɫ˫ȭ߬Ľأ۾ȻҲ׼ˡ
ҶƴһߣֲôţԭһϼɳףҲϼɵΪֻΪĶ࣬ϲԷ
һϼɶѣʲôҶаĶǾԲЩ˵ġ룬ҶʹһЩƵĻЩһҲ߳š
ֻ˵ұеɼǿ߳Ͳò˸оЩѹˡڵҶƵʵɼǿ߾·һ
㲻Ҫ̫ˣҲ̲סĺҲǷǳɰ
ɫԵȻĽ취ߣˡ޼Ҳõҵıӻ޳ǲ˵һûʲôϵģ޼ҵҲᷭһֶΪأ
ĸһЦû˵ʲôƷ޳Ҳ˾֪ģŻĻ
㡭˵ʲôĻ
ߣǲҪ̫ҰϱˣҲкùӳ԰ɣĸ
ͱΣɱǵˣǷˣʱŭɶĺ
ҵģ˺ߵܼңѵһСӣ
Ҷ΢΢һüû뵽ԷȻԼϡ
ܼϼɵʵҲΪҶƷУһмɣֵһ㡣
ôţܼҲ˲ͷųӴƣΧռ͵ؿʼѹϵıƽҶƵ񾭣·ҪӴѹ֮һ㡣
ҶưͷɫôȻ·ѹ˵ֱ΢Сһ㡣
ܼҲԼľѣû뵽ԼȥƣȫûκЧţˮһʧӰ١
ܼüһʹ˸ɫƺҪ̽һҶʵ
ôҲǱĵģһѣ˰ѱʱһ䡰ԼжġȫŪȥ
װģھͶ֣һͷ󺺣ŭһһϻܣ˺ѳգҶƵļ򣬺Ȼն䡣
˽Զһ㶣·û뵽˵־Ͷ֣˿涼
Ҷû̧϶ԷһָۣѸ֮ƣŻ淽һָƣ
ݣ
ָ֮϶ʱȼӴĻԪزϵĻϡһһ˺ѳգ͵سǴȥ

ϵĻ棬һӾͱ޴Ǵ󺺳ϵĻ棬顣
޴Ż泤ķ򣬼Ťռ䡣
¸¸¸¸£
һĺͷĳȻŤˣһ黨
˺Ѱʹָ⴫ͷ֣ŵüæѳ׿
ٶȣһ
ʮָȫӲšϣƤըѣ׹ǴѪ⣬¶˳
ƣǱ޹ǵļצһŤòӡ
ѪͬȪˮ˿ڣӿ
ҵʹùͷͷϣ䶯ͬ򾡣
ǲڶҽУ泤Ѿǰ
ৣ
ͷӱĲλһӣͱ泤ᴩ
汬ȼ˿˲ɢ
ҫ۵Ļ⣬һӣͰѹͷ۾ͣȫǡ
٣ȫ÷飬ԴϳһԴĴ󶴣ѪȥĻ泤˷
УѪζƤⱻսĽζ
̣ʯڳˣֻǿ˶֣ûпսѾˣ
Ƭ̺ʧȥٵʬ壬ҡ£͵ˤڵء
ʲô
һ£ĸҲǾˡСӿƲɽ¶ˮһоܹɱһмɣʵֻǱǿмô
ʵ
ܼҼҪҧ飬һһٵۣԭڰԻɱҵˣˣϣ
䣬ʣҲһͬ
ĸɫһߣҪ֣ǱҶסǧҪ֣˿ʵ
ǼʶҶƵʵģǵѨһһϼɵСӳɱԶҶ˿ġ
ͱˣƴ϶ܽЩСģ
ҶƵĳƺǣҲǷŭĴ𣺡֣ɱСӣ˭ɱүһöƷʯ
һƷʯЩ˵˫̿ʼŹ⣬һųҶƳ˹
һȺС󣬾ռҶƲмƲƲ죬
͵һ̤ȵΧռҲ̲סһҶ߬˫ȭһ˿Цˣˣ


557 նɱ
ҶƵ̫ӴȺ˽Զһ㶣ûеһʱ
ܼŭɶʲôô࣬ѵһô
һƷʯôȵ
ƷʯĸƺٴθȺעĪѾǺԥĳҶƳ˹
ÿ˶ԼȻֻ͵ȵƷҲ㹻ˣռ֮ڵ˸ĺ⡣
ˢ
͵һ֮£ӴģȻ죡
ǼͣƺӲǳԿһȭܹ飬ôԼⲻҲҪЩͷҶƺǴѡ˱ã
΢΢һ࣬һ͵˵֮ϣʱһĹ˳ѿܴһ
Ҷ͵سȭȭͷٶ֮죬ԼХҶȭͷ࣬ûǼϸСţһȭȻǼ˵ϣôҲҪԺþã
˵ɴ˫ۣĿҶơԭþȫ⽣ΪԸҶɾ޴˺˭֪ȻȫûЧ
磡
Ҷһȭݺݵĺ˵ؿڣ׵֮˲᳹ȫʱҵľţ鴤šѪûдӿΪڵѪԼϸȫ׵ճ˽ҡ
ಣ
˵Ԫ͵˳ҶƷһץһ󣬳ɢ
úݵĶ֣ܼҷŭĶҶƵǸôãվ߲ȴţ
ߣ߲ȴŵˣŶ԰ɣҶЦţ͵һȥٴνһķɣγһһ
ӴĻ棬żĺ졣ҶһмЩ˵Χһ߲ŲæĻЩֻҪսӴҶƵ˫֣ͻᱻԪسڣȻ
ô̶̼غϵĽ֣ЩѾȫҶƵУ
һ߸ˣӶѣѾȫҶɱԪҲûзŹһ
⣡
ȻͼʶҶƵʵ˿Ҳסˣ߸˾ȻôɾıҶɱ֪ΪΣһᱩʱ˿̾ȻЩĸо
ĸҲдסˣҪȥоҶƵʵԼʶȥɨҶƵ壬òһ׼ȷĽ
ֻһǾʵԼ֮ϣ
ԼϼɵʵʵҪԼǿѵ˵
ѵ˵СӿʵǿʵųԽϼɵʵ
߬˫ȭ۾֮ȫǿ־֮ɫǲ㣬һħ
Ҷ΢΢һЦڲ֪ôЩ̫ˣ
ߣװŪܼ͵վǰ͵һӣ֮гһӴһ֮ȫɵģһ֮£ƻҪ֮ǰЩǿʮ
ϼɵʵ
ҶƶԸܼңɲ˿иϾϼɣӸʵҪԼǿ٣ԼҲֻƾŸֵƲսʤ
磡
͵طͽȻһըԵľ죬˵ٵ˳ȥһ۸ĺɫӰӣڿ͵شܹ
ÿٶȣܼ͵صɴ˫ۣĽʶȫͷųȥҪ׽ҶƵٹ켣
̣
Ҷ͵سڿУʱռ䶼Щ췢漴ҶƵӰ͵س֣ǰܼҵӰݺݵһȭȥ
ܼĻ˲һ֮࣬Ҷȭͷ棬Ҳֻ΢΢һѣû𵽱Ч
ҶƣӴĻȥؿھһ㷢һ
ۣ
͵һѪҶƲŸоؿڵǿʯһ㡣æڴڵĴŴƽŽŵ顣
ٶȻ죬ȴͻƲҵĻǲܼɭЦ
Ŷ˵𣿡Ҷһ˿ĪЦ⣬Ϊľܼȴ˵һĪķ̣

ҶһŤµĹؽڴͿʼǸ˵»һ㣬ֻϣһ־ϵĽš
ȻҺȫһ£㻹ʹȫʵʸҾɣҶ΢΢һЦ
װŪ
ܼҵ͵ƣ͵£ӴҶԷԲʮף涼ʼ˲·𲻿һ̫ǿˣǿ˲津ͷ
ǳˣ˿Ŀ϶ôˡҶͬɲƽˣһ
͵һԼϢʱռȫҶһ𵴵ΧҲͻȻһ䣬ͻȻ˷
Ǿ޴ۿҪҶϣܼҲ¶˲̵ЦݡѾˣ׵ĽԪɱǷ֮ڣһգͷ
ֶѾνǷǳݶˣֱӰԪʹġ
ܼҾԲҶһʹ죬Ҫþֶȥĥƺֻ㷢ͷĺ⣡
ҲǴ𣺡ܼңɱ
Ҷƿżһƣֻ赭дĽԼұȥֵ
һĻܼһЦ˾ջû뵽СӾȻԸΪʵܹӲԼȻãôֱӲԼȥһƣ
ǣһ룬ҲЦˣ
һڹϢĴӵ֮ð˳ݺݵĽľ͵ش͸ܼҵֻٿؾƵֱ֣ӱһȭķ飬ѪĽ룬Ϊң

ܼҾֵĽ˳˭Ҳ⾿ô¡һϼɣȻںһСеʱһȭƣĪ谡
ôܣ
ҶƵѾȫڹΧڹ֮ڷ·ȫԩںУޱɭɢɭȻޱȵɱëȻ
ܼܸоĳǹɺڹԲʲôһĪڸղŵһ˲ΪǿıըԼƱ飡
Ȼ˺ңһҪĺܲңܼһŭĴͬʱŨ֮һž޴壬ݺݵҶơ
ҶƼ״͵аħұȥֵһȻըҶ۵³һѪʮаħұ֮ϵĺڹɢܼҷǹҲʧӰ١
㱾ôҪɱҵĻԶԶҶüƺڹⶺܼҡ
ܼѾջʧȥˣҶƳ˹˫֮ȫѪ˿
ܼҷңҲûʲôвԣҶҲõһЦֱ֮ϣһ˸Ľڲϵţ
ȥ
ܼһ罫ط˸ӴŰţռ𵴣ŲȶأҶֱӰΧУ


558 ٿ
Ҷ˫֮һǿҵս⣬ϼɣһ㶼ġ֮ǰǸѨҪԼСӳʵϼɣһһ£
ǸСӳǱֱԪ
֮ϵѾϵĴֱڳӳƬۣ˲ѾǱһҫ۵ĽΧˣŽɢżΪǿΧռҲǲϵĻζ
ʲô
ܼһ㶣ҲܹϵҶһΪǿо˵ʲôҲܸСһʱ䣡СӵʵӦñԼȥʧȥ֣Ҳûжˡ
ԣܼٴνеһ㣬ҶƵģֻҪһ¿УôСӿ϶ֱͷ
ҶϵĽѾѸٵĻһŤĽɫҶƵ֮ϣͷöӦҶƵȭͷͷ¶׶ı飬ƺֻҪһֱӴֱ֮ϳɱˣ
Ҷ͵˺һ۸߸𣬿ߵҹ
ɫ͵شҶֱ֮ϳЯ֮ƣ֮ϲϵļ΢΢Ӵ͵ռ֮ڵĿҲѹ˳ȥ
Хۣһ
ˢ
ɫһ´Ҷֱ֮˳ȥܼҵƺݺݵĶһ𣬶ʱƲϵļȥһ¡죡
ܼҵʵҲǲСģô˵ҲһϼɣٲҲȥ
ͷ˲䱻ȵˣܼһƼ壬缤һ㣬ܼһ
޴룬೯ȥ
ܼɫ֮һϲҶƵľмԶû뵽ӴȻ˲һ
ֻǶСѣһıŵܼϴżΪЦݡ
Ҷ˫΢΢һϴŸĪЦ۾úÿɣ
ܼһ㶣ȴԼ֮ǰĽɫӰûлƽһɢȥǼǰš
Ƭ״ĽɫӰ͵ܼһ𣬾˲һŽٴչֳȻŽ͵ػһͷһ³ܼҵı˹ȥ
̣
ܼ⧲ͷ͵͵ڱǿȻû˲ͻĻʹʹģ

ܼ˫֮еѪ˿ԽԽŨˣ˫ȭ߬˳ŹԣݺݵĳǰȥڿѸתһȭǽɫͷ֮ϡ
̣
һǽɫӰҲΪĹɢ
ǱѵܼңҶ˫֮ȫϷ֮ɫôﻹɣ
ܼɫһһ죬û뵽ôһСϷˣˣϾҲǧˣһҲ֪Ǹˡ
Ǹֻǿθ˶ѣ滹иӼҵġôҪҪҶ˫֮˸һıĹ
ղƾ辫ĲٿһʱΪΣ˵ĸоǲһȴܼûзӦ˲صĴ䲻⣬䲻
ܼˡΪҶֻһˣԣʧˡ
ܼ͵شӿռָ֮гһ˸ű֮ޣһһٵѾþûܹⶳˣӦΪ˸ең
˵ţһޣʱһ죬ȫӴıֱ֮ӽͣ͵شһ
ͷ˼оȣ͸Ͻȷ磬ôܼҵģҶЦŴȤ
ܼɫʱǳɫžһ˳ȥʱ棬죡
ҶȻ˵ĺ죬ȴȫаֵĵ
ܹоޣҪһǿĶ࣬ҶƿԿ϶һƷ
Ȥ
Ҷ˫˸ŵĹâǾһ£Ʒɣ
ܼ΢΢һ̧ƤŶȻܹϵóⶳƷе
¡
ٴڿ˦綾һֱȡҶƵĲ
ҶƳѸ٣͵̽ȥݺݵץסǱӵĩβ͵صһתǱԼ첲ϲȦ͵طҪᡣ
ߣΪô׾ͻߣĻܽƷôܼҿҶ߬סӣЦЦ
֪ԼҶƵĶ֣ȴЦôɣһթ
˲䣬ҶƾҪ֣ǻһ
֮ϴ͸ĺͬ꺮һ㣬Ӹ첲ϴĴУ˻ս첲ȫɥʧֱ
ֲãԭҶ˼ĵ˵ͷʵұ۶Ѿû취ˣΪӶϴĺʵǳǣ
ǲҪǣҶƿںϹˣԪصĵֿû˸˵Ҫǿ
Ժ֮˲߷һɻϢ͵ؽұ֮УǹɳǵĺɢҶұۻָжȴûбֳǼװܶӡ
û뵽ɣҵĶޣ³ˣܼҲĴЦҶڣ͵ʧһֱۣȻ˷ܲѣ
ôһˣоȻȻķҶ׼ĿյٴηٵڶȦ߬ס͵һӴ̩ɽѹһ㴫
ܼһȻı飬еĶ޾ѾҶа档
ıӣֻϧˣҶĻ£Це
ܼɫ˲һ䣬ôܣⶳ޵ĺǵɶ⣬Ϊʲôһ鶼ûУ
Ҷֻ΢Цţû˵ʲôܲܽĴڸɣ
ȥɣܼҳŭˣһͷʨӣë
ҶƲ˷͵һռһ˸о߾һըͻȻһ㣬ͷۻðǣ
Ϣˣ
ۣܼ͵һѪ̲סؿڵ˺üɫһһףѵܣôӴ㾿ʲôʵ
мɣҶһָҡҡ
˿ѾѪɫˣû뵽ϼʵܼҶСӵĶ֣ôˣѵСһɼĸ֣ܣܼˣֵڡ
ϼ¼ɵ£ж߲ܼҼȻܸСĴôãҲ˵СӲǸɣҲϼɵʵ


559 и
뵽Ҳ㰲һЩܼҲĶ֣˴ƽɫǿԵġһξ㱻СӽˣҲ̫ҿŵɼĸֵģ
мɣ㿪ʲôЦмܹʵϼɶȥˣܼŭҰһŭ
ҶƵ̧ͷ˵Ĳ㣬ȥˣ
˵仰֮ҶƵ͵س˺˼һӣһĪϢͻȻ֣Ϣͷ֮ȥһ㣬Ҳ˵徿ʲôĸоһ֣ǿ
µϢҶڲϵԾţҶƵĶ˲ı̬Ϊ˲ҶָһϢɢ絶һĹâ
Ҷ͵ƣƿݼϢ漴ݺݵĳ»ȥ
и
Ҷһͺ漴͵ؽǹµĿռȥ
ʲô
ĸ͵صɴ۾Ȼʵǿǻܹϵóʲôģ
ϵ˵֮еϵ
û뵽СӾȻϰϵĲ˼飡
ռ䱻Ӵ˲ƿɽȶĿռʽṹҲȻֵסݷϵǿ֮
ʲô
ܼҵ˫ۼ˲ɳۿޡϵ⡭Ȼϵ
иٶȼ죬ܼ˲䣬Ѿȥ
⣡
ܼҪĶܣӴĿռϢ֮£һСָͷѣֱܿˣ
ˢ
ռпɲֱӴϻ˹ȥ
ռٶ̫죬ҼΪԴܼȥʱȻûκֱ
ǵռдܼұ˿漴ٴ͵ػһݣ
ܼŭĿֱҶƣſЦϵһΪô˭ֻ֪ǻ˵Ķ
Ҷ΢΢ƳƳܼңһ˿֮ɫһһٵ㡭Ѿˣ
ʲôڿ桭ܼŭҪţƺҪ֤Լûǻûȫ£͸оԼмһȻǰ͵
壬мƽıΪ룡
пڴΪƽһȵѪ͵ð˳
ܼǶӣҲϢĴм䱻ָииʣǿռ䣡
һ˲䣬˽Զѻȸţ˭û뵽ֶξȻǿ˰Ե
ֻһʱڣɱ߸мʵһϼʵĹܼңʵĺ
Ҷһ֪ииôãҾڿˣ
˶оͷߣϵôĶȻ˵ڿ󣬼ֱǱﰡ
㡭ɱܼң͵سһɫ֮ϴһ˿֡
ܼԼʵǿҲûŸ޼˺ƤҲֻˡǸûϵҶƵĳ֡
ҶƳˣҲΪҪһЩѵŪһֱۻһȡ˭ܹ뵽ʵȻ˿ֲɱôϼʵܼҲһɱˣֻмɵԼˣƴҲֻǸԷͲ˶ѣ
жʱ쳣־壬һҪɱԼǸô죡
ȻǿƣԶˮⲻ˽ʰ
ԼԼᣬҲԸ⣡ҵļ̳ˣȻ
ҶưеĶޣܼˣȻ֮ϾҲмҶƺĵѪ
Ѫûбİ취
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571 ޴
ҶƿɲͷѨô룬ֻ֪ԼձҪͷѨˣ˲ܹͷ֮
Ѩ޳СӰ
뵽ҶƸŭѣһ͵سȥ
ʱȹѾȫȬˣͲò̾һԶĻָˣ·ɽ磬Ҳһģ
Ѩſ죬¶צ֮ϵɫƬѾ˲˸ҫ۵ĺ⣬һ㣬ݺݵĳҶƻȥ
ǵɣҵĹ֮£һСҲᱻƶǣϾѨצӵķɿƷˣ
Ҷȴ˿壬ģѨҲƲԼķΪ˵֮ѾоԼǹǿмɣҲһսʤ忪
ϼɣҲԲǺ޻֮һʱ仹ǿԵġ
Ҷʵ¼֮󣬿ϼɶûаη֮ˡɿֲʵȣĿɿڴ
ȥǾŶŵġˣΪ֮һֻǴûб۸ڶ˷ְˣҶҲֻǴɣɣڵ½Ӵ˿񱩵ĵ֮
оĻǿ϶ҲǲѴܹ֮ȫоҶҲǾԲĿ֮¶Щġ
˵Ļ֮Ӵ粻ԽɽԼȡõĲֻɽϵһҶѡˣҲѾԼȫˡȻԼ޿ܴ֮ȡֵ֮ǳ˵˽ģҲԲὫ˵ȥ
Ϊ˶ûУֻԼУԵ쳣˶ܹӵͻ֮Բˡ
˶˽ĵģҶҲ⡣ֻܻԼȽ׽ˣ֮ϴ֮ġ
½˷ɵ֮ҲҶƺκιϵˡΪѾ꣬ѾЩ
Ѩٶȳ죬ֻ͵һţƺڵ֮ϵͿշУֻǰצѾǺݺݵĳҶͷ
Ҷһæмܣֻ͵ظ޴צײһǼצӺݺݵĴҶƵֱ֮ϣ
Ѩ˫۷һ˿ϲ֮ɫΪһ¿ԽҶ첲ͷҲŪϣעʧˣ
ΪҶƵֱ֮ϣȻ쳹һ֮һºݺݵĻȥҲֻҶƸ첲϶һ߶ѣûκʵԵ˺
ҶһЦһĻȣǸӴⲫһ㶼µġҲȷʱǵɼĵѨҲⲫռݾƣ
͵һȭͷȥһȭϣˮһ㡣һѨһָͷҶϣͷֱѣָաѪ磬Ҷһ
ҶȻģ˫ֽ߬סѨצӣһĴȣϺݺݵһŤֻһĹͷѵ漴ǵѨһֻ޴צӣȻݺݵıҶŤˡ
ѪȪһҶƳ˿Ťצӵ˲ͽþȫ˦˳ȥ
צӷ̶ȾԿƷҶƵǵѨ˦ȥ
Ѩһŭηӭͷϣ
꣡
צӺݺݵĲڣЩɫƬȻ㹻ӲҶľ޴󣬻ûܵסצӡ
Ѩ͵ؽӴͷ­ݺݵĳҶҧ϶ȥ
Ҷ˫֮һ˿ɵȻ㹻Ӵ󣬵ǻǽסѨ޿ڵȻҧϵġټӲҲᱻǷֱҧΪ룡
뵽æһ㿪ȴ˵Ѩļı
ʹôҧֻһӣҶƸոܿ˲䣬׳βݺݵ˦
һµѨѧˣβһɾ޴ΧţŨȹߣֱγʵʡ
Ҷ͵صɴ˫ۣû뵽ѨҲȫĴϣҲǶñͨġ
㣬ҶֱӱӴ˳ȥɫһɷף̲סһѪ
˿Ѿܵľ׵ߣ̽̽ϢоȡæͳһöƷʯľе
ľѾڻŴƷʯ֮¶˿˿ǲҰ׵ɫҲ𽥵ĺתֻϧ˻ڻ֮УûҪļ
һ˵Ǳסˡ
ǵعͷʱÿҶƱɵĳ棬Ҳ͵סͣ˫֮жǾ֮ɫ
ƴ磬û°ɣѵĴ
ǵѨ͵ؽ˫˹Ķ޴֮һ˿ŭ⣬漴̱˲֮⡣ȻɻǾϲˡ
̤Ьٴȫѹû뵽û뵽Ȼ֮ʥģǵѨ˫֮Ѿ̰ζȫ⣬漴Ҷˣһٿ񱼹
ʱˣӴ̣ǵɼĵѨôԼ˹
ƾмɵʵֻǸѨͲ˰
ң
ʱһ·ŭ漴Ҷ͵شӷ֮վѾһ˿Ѫ˵ĲѾٵĳ߸
ҶƵڲϵţôƫƫһأ֮ʥģȻǶĪԼȻһ
һëĻܾĥֻأҶƷţ͵һŵ棬ѾǻһӰǵѨȥ
Ѩ˫֮ж̰Ѿ׼ΧһҲֻϰѣ
¡
һӰ͵굽˵Ѩ£漴ݺݵķһ˹ȥ
ѨӴȻһźݺ֮ϣƱգò磡
ҶŬҧҧľ״뿪
ҧƴ磬Ҫһߣ
Σʱ̣ҶҲ˲ϸϻģҲʲôģѨĿ㣡
ҶôãҲǴһ¶֪Ůһ֪ػŮҲǼæľ׳Զȥ
Ժ֮ȴɻѣΪʲôŪ󳡵ĵѨĿԼֻѨĿҲԼԼֻһССмɣʲôֵ˷أ
Ȼ֪Լ֮ʥĵ顣
ҶһЦҾֱ˵ĸɣûţ
ҶƺѨĿ֮ʥģҲǸɴĶԵѨ̯ˡ
Ѩŭ˭ңҪ
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572 ն
ϣ˵⻰Ҳʵ̫һЩѨӱǿ֮һ˿Ƶ漴ֻɫĴôֱĶҶƣһϢ˳ҶƵ߾òɢ
ûУոһЩҪҵ⣬ѾͬԪһˣ㲻벽ǵĺ󳾣Ǿ;ɣѨһΪм
û뵽ܹ޳żȻ֮ʥģ֮ϲ֮ǰû뵽飡֮ʥʲô֮Ķ
ߣԼٶȣ̷ȥֱӽһף
ҶƣмɼϣֱӱѨˡֻץס֮ʥĲҪ飡
ҶٴεԼǰҲһĪĸжľ׸æԶԶɽʯ֮ϣɫ֮ϴһ˿Ŀߡ
ҶϾĿǵѨȻ֮ʥĵѾѨˣǾⲻһսˡ
Ϊ֮ʥģѨȫеһУԶҶ˵ֵĺܡ
Ѩԭ̵˫ΪȵѾͨ죬Ѫһ㣬зëϣͺñȱһֻǱ˺þõļҰ޶һ㡣
𣡡
һѨûκηϻӴֱӳҶƳײ涼ڲϵ𵴣Ȼ졣
磡
֮ѿ˴ѷ죬ǵӳȥ˺Զ涼ʹ״ȻΪӴȥġӲޱȵĵ涼û취ĳѿ
Ҷ͵سһ˫͵ǰ죬ǼƣҪѨӲӲˣ
ѨӴѾɽˣҶǰֻһֻСһ㣡
˲ײһӴĴ䣬ҶƵ˫ۺݺݵץס˵ѨǰצǵѨӴĳҲǰδеģҶֻоǰɽХ£Լƾ˫֧סɽ壬޴Լ岻ϵĳȥ
ҶƵ˫ڵ֮ϻ繵ȻѾ֧ˣǱϵĳȥ

ҶҧأҪֹסƵٶȣɲ
˫ȭݺݵ߬Ҷƺһһƺߣ͵ؽᵽȭͷ֮ϣݺݵһȭȥ
磡
Ѩ϶ʱҶҵһһƵҶһȭȻѨָ͵Ҷһ
Ҷٶȷɿ죬ûиѨκεĺ·˫ȭԲٴκݺݵĳȥȭīȭýҫôһ˲аħұ۸Х۶ʩչ˳
ҶƵ廹ڲͣĳţѾ˫סˣֹסѨľ
Ҷƻعͷƺŵȴľ״ߣȥ޳ǣ
ҧҧѾҶƵһνԼΣ֮ˣȴﲻκεæ
ҧݣǷľ׳޳Ƿȥ˳ڣǳװȫˡ
ҶþȫֵŵѨǾ޴ĳ
Ѩ˫۵ɵþ޴Ȼúò׼֮ʥľô׵ܵǽ߾ȫҲһὫ֮ʥ¡
𣡡
ѨͻȻһ㣬͵سǰȥٶٴοһ
Ҷ˫֮˸һַŭ֮⣬аħұ۸ХһʹóȻҲû赲ѨĲ
Ⱥݺݵĵס棬͵һ壬һѨԭȫˣһһ½ѨĲݺݵֹסˡ
ҶƲصڵ֮һ̤¡һһ㡣
ٺˣһһĳǰȥȻأȴ㹻ҡ
䣡
Ҷһ㣬ڲȵĽ֮£˫ȭϵķɲͬɫĹʣݺݵĻѨצӣ
꿦꣡
Ѩצϵ⼸ָҲǶѵǱҶϵģȵѪͷ£˱ǡ
ʱѾ߳ԶˣۿҪʧԶߣǵѨŭˡ
һ͵ĴΧԶԶ𵴳ȥԶβͺݺݵĳҶƳ
ҲǸ߸ߵԾƺҪֱԾҶƵԴȥ׷֮ʥġ
Ҷ˫֮һ˿ɵ֮ɫۿϳβͣӯһԾ׸ߣβһڷһݺݵĳ³
Ҷۼֿ죬ȥһ˲˫ֽץסβͣ΢΢һЦ͵طѨȻݺݵȥ
¡
Ѩݺݵˤڵϣһˤÿ㹻ˣˤûĹͷҲʹĵɴ۾ŭš
Ҷ͵ػȭΪצָӥצݺݵץȥ
ͣ
ѨǼӲƬ޷ֵҶĹƣֱӱץѪģѪ죬Ͻ
ѨʹݺݵĽк˫ȫΪ˺ɫһһٵĺȻ赲ܻ֮ʥģ޿ˡ͸Щһ𣬸ϸȪɣ
ҶĲһ˿Ϣ͵طȥո˿˲䣬ԭĵطʱըѿӴռҲǺ޹Ť
Ҷƶͷ亹䣬еա
ոķӦôһ˿ƾֱӻᱻըˡ
ѨĲٿҲѱ¯ˣ뵽ҶƵҲһҡ

ĴҶеѪɫɢҪԸѨҪóһЩ汾ˡȴʹ䣬ǻĽҰ⣬û˴ڡҶҪһǴ˵֮еĺնУ
ɽѺնеʵûд˵֮еôǿ
뵽ҶҲǳ侲
ĲٿնеǹϢҶƺСĺСģǵһʽʹնУ˵ʵԼġҲ֪⴫˵֮еĺ᲻ôǿһУϾҪ
Ԫ񴦣һɺɫӰ˲ʧһѾҶƵС
һصĺɫεޱȵĹӣûжôڡ
˭Ҳ벻⿴ޱȵʯ壬Ȼһ
նУҶ˲оޱ޼ʵڸڣ·Լܹһ֮ϣᵱһɽС
ƣɽࡣһУ·Լƿ֮£
նУպǱܣ
һ˲䣬ҶƵ˲䷢˷츲صı仯ӴɱΪʵʣ˲ǰռնɱ£
ಣ
εɱһ˲仯Ϊʵʣһ֮նǧΣȫն˵Ѩϣ
໣
ѨһҽУϵƬѲ̲ѪѨӴѾǱնзɱĿȫǣѪģˡ
Ǻݣ
ҶȻĿһУûг֣ɱѵԶѰô
ʵҶƲǣնڵɷѾۻһ̶ȣÿνʱ򶼻ܵɷӰ죬ԶӴɱ
Ѩõùײǹ֮ϣɱ˸


573 һ
ҶնУݵվܵĿռԶɱûκΰ취ͨ
ռȫӴɱţ֮ҶƵаħұۣǿ˺öΣֱ˾ѡ
ǵѨûзӦͱʵԵɱնǧ£ӴѪϢѪ£ƺȾʺɫ
໣
ƺΪҵʹҲƺΪ˼飬ǵѨֱӸ˲ϯȥǧ֮ң
ǿʯ֮ϣȻܵһ޷ƥеɱ⣬ǸֵܹġԼɱǰǴ׵ĸ򣬳ɪɪͷ֮⣬ʲô
ôܣѨͷ­ֱӱɱѹֵ˵֮ϣ̧̧Ѿɱ׵סˣ֮жһ˿
ǺȻǿҶ˫һ̲ס̾
ҶնУׯµĺݺһӣؼɱôһ˲ȫ۳ΪӴĵƥɢǿҴ۵ĺڹ⣬ռȫݣûаֿ˴Ϣء
׻˵úãôǿ䵽һȫʹõ˵УҲӲЧ
ʵǿǿͨأֻܷӳɵʵҲ㹻ˣΪֻƾɵʵܹնһˣ
͵ѿһ޴ѷ죬ռ䶼ڼȶĲţռ֮ƮһѶķİ壬ЩĶһص㣬ǾѳһƬһƬģΪضȻǲȱķġ
Щ֮ϷһȵϢҶ͵صɴ˫ۣϢϤʱǺ˻ʱʺ͵ػдʱ򣬾һķķ˳ǿнı䡣
ѵ˵Щ֮ѿ˵ķģȻάֿռȶķ
һǼΪǿն˼ΪȶĿռ䣬ռ䷨һն飡ûɼʵǸЩģ
նеҶƣôһ˲䣬ϢȻﵽɵļ𣡵Ȼָֻƻָۺʵ
ǺǿҲֻѡôܹһɼֱԽ׵أ
ݽƻɼ𣬴ﵽƻռʵǿԵġ
ǵѨ˲䱻˵ӣ˫۴̵ĹâѾȫȥȡ֮һƬҰ֮ɫ
һûȥѨѾӴͬɽѵɱ˵ӣˣ
һѣƼʱ䣡
Ҷɫ䣬ߺ˴ɱ¾
кѹѹһƬռѷ̵ĲѿһƬƬƺһĹѣʺƽ٣޾η壡
ɫӰ˲ն£͵֮СӵѨܹ赲ƷƬնǰֽһ԰ûκܹ赲˼
ͬͷһϣɾ䣬˿ˮ
նеĽӰٴ֮УϢıָһֹͣնлһźɫٴǱҶƵԪڡҶƵɴ˫ۣоԼµƺȫˣĵڵϣԹ֮⣬··ûκ֪һ
û뵽ֻǳŻӶһնжѣȻӴӳǸ߹ԼƾʵôܻӶնأ
һ£ǽһĶգͬеҲȫɢ
ҶƸоԽԽģͷģһжô谵
ҡҲڵҡҡ
֪
̣
ռѷĺϣƻķҲ޸š
ҶƾһƬ֮С

ˮ޳ǹϽ֮µһСׯشƫƧ˿ϡ١Ĵ˵ȫūһ㣬޳ļϽţÿǽڿ
Щȫ¼ɵʵ˵ɽײϡڴλƫƧǸӴĻ磬ǵĵҲǼΪӵġ
ˮȥ޳Ͻʯʱ䣬ֻ࣬аٿƷʯȴĴ񻨷˰ʱھġڿСû̺ʯϴʵСöܽһʯͷָЧҲǼĵ¡
ôֻôһ㣿һεĿɰһ޳ǵһʿмĿŴڵƷʯóһֵš
ɫҲúܣû뵽ˮԽԽɢˣ˵ãʿɫ
ˮΪ׵ɫһ䣬æһЦ뻳У˼öƷʯڨЦ͸ͨһ£ˮĿڵòˣҲûиտʼôˡ
ʿӱǿ֮к߳һΪм⻹࣬ǿˣ
߼æϹҾߣʿȴͻȻסǡ
һ£ʿñᣬôһŮ˵ζ
߼æЦôܣһŴˡ
ʿûߣǽĿŵϣϴŲЦݣ
꼱æͷ֣Ҳߡȴ쳣㣬ȻͿĨһЩҳȻԵĳǹ
˫üţҲҧ촽
ʿһЦ־Ҫؿڡɫһ䣬æվǰҵӣǵһθ
˵ҧҧ·¶һ㣬ٴͳöƷʯ
ʿŵ˵ͷ˼⻹࣡ǿˣ˳һ䣬޳Ƕ˿ŰǻƵ߰ɡ˲˭ԺТأ
ǧлæӳ޳ǣһһ롣
޳֮ҧгݵүү޳ڵʿ˱޳ܣЩʯǼĲƲƾʲôóǣ
ȴϸȻǸŮӴġҲֲóȾ˵㲻ϾǾҲǰһˡ
ûа취ǾһȺ˲¹ͷĶħһǣǻϽɵʯֽţʱùĿɾ˰Ҳǳüϵƺֱˣ˫Ҳϼ롣
Ůҧгݣȴûκΰ취ǵȷͬūһ㣬ʵˣֻܱūۣʲô취أ
ʿ˵ĶŰǲûзϡ
߳޳ⲻԶŮۼ⣬ƺͻȻЩʲô
үү㿴ǰиڵϡŮָʮʯ֮УһƵ
һȥ
ϵһӣ˫۽գȫãϲݺύ˿ڣصĵطɼͷ


574 ʧȥ
ŮǱȽĳģæȥ̽̽ıϢ
ʱƿ»ΣүүǽȥɣŮа
ʵҲǱӵòˣа˿ʵӣȻͨˣ޵Ĳһ˿ӴϢη˵һ֣
ֵˮ˵Ҳһĺ£ǾͲٺЩ޳ǵʿѹˡ
ȻŮ뵽ģҲ뵽ˡҧҧƺһҪľҪ֪ڴǶԲȥһˡ
һ뵽ӿһ֣Ҳݺݵĵ˵ͷŵұϣ
Ůȥļһᣬүүôɣ
˫һɣȵ֣һңһİˣʲô˵ţֱӽӿ·

ˮҲáܵ޳ǵѹȣΨһ¿ʯŮٶҪһУȻĻûб֮
ڳʯȴҪϽɣԺܶ˶Բ˵˶ڳԷûʲôҪ󣬵ǳʱ䲻Ļ廹żΪӴĸɵġ
ˮƫƧ٣ͲӴҲû˶ˡֻܿԵʳĵǾʳôأҲֻҧعӡ
峤ȥ޳Ͻʯ֮󣬾Ȼһİӡƽûʲôµˮ˵ѾǴˡ˵Ǵ峤Ůˣе˵Ǵ峤ˣԼԲҪˣһʱ䣬˶䳰ȷ
峤ŷڴϵӣ̾һˣȻûļΨһһЩʳҲιˣȥǺá
ŮҲݣΪ޷ҲƼݣͷģȻӪ
ˣڸǲס
е˲û£ϢԽԽƳƺת⼸峤Ҳһֱڹ۲죬ȷǰ
Ǿô߹һֱԲѣҲǸ°
֮ļ峤һֱĹ۲ŷӵı仯ϵ˿ھȻ׻ָˣһ˿ۼδ£ǵԼŮҲ˺۵ΪԼ۾ˡ
ʱһǰ£һֱôԲȣȴʼû֮ǣƽͬ˯š
һ磬ŮȥпûУôѾϰߣֻÿһζûб仯ͬϣ
߽ʱֻ۾ȴ͵õӾȻãȻĿܡ
㣬ˣ
ӿ˿Ů¶һ˿ɻ󣬿ڵģ˭Ϊλ
Ůһ㶣㲻ǵԼ˭ˣ
ҵ˭ŬĻţֻζһƬհףֻԼоԼǿ֮ӡ
ţȥүү㿴Ů˵˳ȥһ峤ҲǴҴҸ
峤һ֣󴸣ڰһһ£
ӺϵĽ˳ʩΪֻһ֮󴸵ϱ¶ȺͲŵı顣
ŮϾǹ龫ֵͣүү˵ҲǼץʵүүôˣ
󴸵ͷϵѾˡ
ʵоӲҺõĲٺã֮ǰΪӺʱֻоԷѪȣ󽭹ִݻһеƣûм
ʲôǵˣô죿
󴸳ӹֵλѣδȻʱ벻ס취һҽá
һͷڴϷֻȻȻϥơ
ѾԼԼһߣȻǲǰȴԼоΪҪͻˣֻε谭ͻơ
ҸоΪѾԲȴٳ޷ͻƣҪһҵļ仹ҪȺܳʱ䡣ӽָΪͻϣϧδ⣬̾Ϣһȥ

ƴһûµģһҵǿǰ޸ĸҲǼΪΡ
ĸ̾˿Щʪ󣬵Ůֶȷһ˲ţҸ㸸׶޸뷨ǣҪʵǿ൱ڵɼĵѨڶʧСӣһ£ôܡ
˵Ҳ˵ȥˡ
޸ҲǵͷϾ֮ɫ
ҶƣһҶǱʮָм֮⣬ΪϾҶƵĳְǽΧǶԵɼĵѨҶҲȻûʲôġ
ǵѨʬȴﰡƴʬûҵһնɱǵѨȻʧˣ״εѾǿ޵滨ꡣ
޸ҺֶʵӵеɱѨʵġǵѨʬ壬ǿǱĽһİͬһ𶼷Ϊ룬ôһɼóأֶܿѨ̳ȥȻѨĸֳֻɱˣΪȥˣûɼʵôƻռ䶼һƬƬˣ
ǰŮѵΪֶӵɼʵôǸʵĸҲŮ¡
ǸҶƾȻСӳľ׵ģҲǷ˷һڳѰҶƣЩʱգʲôջ񣡡޸̾˿
ŮģҪʵĸ۽ǵˮʹӵ
ɲԼص˷ڣղ費˼룬ϴ档
ĸ޸ҲǿϡԼŮҶĶģΪʲôƫƫôõһСӣôûأ

ˮƬƧ֮Զһɲİˮ죬˵һգûоȴҲûоĻǡ
˸˰գû˻ôһʺСӡ
ˮɽʮ꣬˿̵ʱױعѩǣĺХϡ
ɽ֮ϣһź۵ǰľ͸һ˿ãˡ
һˣûм顣һ̾ɽȥ
ֻǰ·ϣһֻҰһֻɽ˺ҧһֻͼޣ¼ɵʵʱҰǻˣȴһѨǰߣз
ȻһֻȺҰǣκûͬǰ֧Ԯ
ɽĿѸݣ˺ҧܿҰ˿ԽԽ࣬Ҳ࣬ձһҧв̵ѪڰɫĻѩϻ÷
ҰеʽȥϢ
һ֣ʧȥļ䣬֪һּʵҰޣײȴҲʶʱ񣬵еĶ־Ի֮ززҰǵıʵڷ


575 
Ҳֻһ°ˣûж룬ҡҡͷҪȥ
ֻɽ֮ҲԼսʤֵ£ͺһ˹
һЦ̰Ĳ㣬ɱһͷǻң
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һȭһȭδɽȭĿ׽ɽʳࡣɢڰѩ֮ϣ֮еѪϢ͵ؼࡣ
صҰ۾һ¶˲ʣʱĶѨڴһ۵ֻͨѩ׵С˳
Ŭ򵹵صҰǣзؽУҰеĳ˲ᣬĿĿоȻϧ̫أѾɺԣú󽫲ڡ
ȻӳԾ鷢ˣҰǾȻվͽֻСһδΰεǰߵ˵ϣɻɫĿУʱĿСǣг
һ㶣ڵչĺӣ
һ˲䣬Ұٴαâ漴Լٶˣջı
ֻڹҰǵСһ̾Ұ޶֪ԼĺӣȻȥˣȴСȴ޺أһŵʲôʬһ㲻֪Լ˭ҵ˭˭ҵ˭
ʱͻȻһļУϤ˲ɴ˫ۡ
СΣգ
˲䣬ٵĳɽԾȥѸٵĳˮȥ
һʿˣٺЦűƽԱŵǾԼһ󴸣ѪȻѾǻ˹ȥ
ʿţû뵽ʺĵطȻ˱µСӣһȥɣұ֤ĺģֵģ
˫֮˸ŷŭĻ棬ޣ޳ܣ
ΧкܶڹۿһĻǶˮĴ񣬵Ǵʱ˿ȴûһҪǰȥæ
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ǱѹѾãѪĥɾˣ˿̵Ȼ֡
ģ֮еĴһ˿֮ɫűƵԽԽʿͻȻɨӵȺ֮һߴӰ
磬Ұе
ǱĻǻһĽƿȥĻ¶Ӱţ촽ҲǲҰסƺǼʲôҰһͷ
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ƽʱԼˣ˿ȴηηĶһԲϵķ¼δޣȻ޶ԣ
ΪΣΪˣ
˫ȭ߬һӣǸ͸ģȴˣԲãҲ޵õֱˣ
ʿ·ʮֻϲһ㣬Ŀ֮£ֱһ˳˹ȥƺѾԼСӰͬһɾȻƤºúõ龰ˡ
ȻڲţûԸȥæǴ峤Ů
ڵϵ󴸣ƺЩγĶԱȡ
ȻʵãҲһӢۣЩˣƨ㣡
Ѿ׾¶һ˿Ц⣬ݺݵĿ˸һۣ˻еӡ
ʱͻȻһϮһῡʵ͵صǰݺݵһȭҳȥһȭޱȣżΪӴֱӽʿͷ­һ飬ɺѪԼҰ׵Խ͵ؽѩϣʮֹ졣
͵ػعͷһʮֹеӣûʲô°ɣ
һ˲䣬ڳ˶ˣһɲǰޱȣһڵ϶ֻ
ʿмɵʵȻǿˮ壬ǾһĴڰǰӣӦǰ󴸴ģҲһЦ˭֪
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һȭʿͷ­ζҲϼɵʵ
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ԼǰӣӢһʵҲǿĳ뻯Ҫǣ㹻¸ңȻֱӳֻɱ˰ԱԼ
֮£ĸֱӱȫȥȡ֮ǰӡ
ֻһӴµİӣȻϢռķԼôĪ
ֻеԼӲ۸ˣܱ˰ɣǸֱһ繷ʺڲϹ棡
󴸷ŵڴϣһĿ͵ա
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⣡
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ˮˣûκθˡ˸䣬Ϊ˱ԼŮͦȺ˾ֻԱ߿ϷǸܵĿԼδް
ſˣһߴӰͷЩų
ҹʱһôһ˲óӺݺݵĲؿڣûУƽϢһͷջóϴһ˿ЦĶҴһ
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ʼգӾôĿһУĺ֣֮ĽȻôิӵ
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ӳʱħ㲻ϵظţģ˫۳죬ƾӿһɢҵϢֻйӿʼܿƣڿҵδ
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ĺУķĲѩʼƮһʱѩƬɷǺÿ
ֻԼڵϢϳڽÿһѪⶼܵǿҵĳˢͷ­ڶһɲֵӿҪͷ­ѡ
úͷ­ĳǿˣڡ
䣡
һľâ֮ͷǿ͵ֱ
һϤİĻдݿеΪϤΪУĻջļ䡣
Ȼ䣬۾˫Ŀ͸֮޾ɽӿ֣üĴһɫӡԻ͸ŨŨĵϣ֮
ˣҼˣҶƣҶƣ
˰볩죬ᵽԼʱһԺһ־ñѹֵй¡¡ĺ˾֮ϵĸơ
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ҶƷ·ӦˣϲޱȵĿ˫֣ʱѾǰеȫջڣϢġ
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ҲǴסˣ̧ͷűҶƵƳķݣֿ˿ӴҶơ˿ôɵҲˡ
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Ӿʲôݣôӵǿʵ£߲ţ
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˵ߵߣַŵϣһ˲ȶϼɵͱóӯޱȣ⣬洢֮Ҳй֮
ԴԴϵ뵽ڣҲ˹
ҶƵһ˲䣬㶣ȻǻûзӦ
Ҷƾô΢Цſ󴸡
㡭ָˣ󴸼ѵĵʵ
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ˣ޳ǵ˰չ۸ˣǣ󴸺ǽҶƵ
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Ҷ΢ЦģѾûˣ˰չѾɱˡ
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ͻȻ⣬뵽֮ǰĮԹ۵ӣоһʹ֮ޱ޼ʵĮˣһϣҲգ
תͷȥȴָ֪ʲôʱ뿪ˡ
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Ȼɱ˰չ٣ˮ廹кӹ𣿡һੲݵ
ǰԼһʱˬˣȴҪˮ壡
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޳һʿ׷ģʱǿô찡
ţУ¶һ˿˿ŭ֮ɫҰһ㡣
գǵóһۣһңҲһҪȫˮ壡
Ǳ˰չһôʲô˵ģС꾫һԲĸŮŭʵˮνƯһ֦˶뷨⸾ŮҲ⡣ԴĸŮͦģΪүүǴ峤Ͱϳˮˡ
ǰǰһȺҲſˮͷţڱ˰չĻľȺԲѵˡ
ȻǹһԺúùĦһҲޱȼİ
СƨɣЩоһȣڸ˿˰չ֮ӡ
Щ˻ֳһƲߣǾȥ֪ͨ޳ֹܹȻһȺסһңȵ޳ǵˣǾһк˵ˡ
뵽ЩҲֳƿ졣һ˻ֽ˹Ըȥ޳ǣ֪ͨ޳ǵĴˣ˵ˮ˰չٱ峤ɱˣЩٶᣡ
ЩǵǴӦңһҪŹ
Ǹ˴ɤӺͷİɣСδ޲µģ
ŵ˵ͷ뿪ˮ壬޳ȥ
Ǹ˲мЦЦһҵܹˮİ峤ҲǾһˣ
дҲǵͷǡ

ҷˮ˾Ȼû˻ȥ˵ãǾֻܹʯڵ˰Ҷü
̾˿ЩƧģʲôڶᣡ
Ҳүүþûˣȥܿͻġ
Ҷ˼ĵ˵ͷʵķܼ򵥣ͬÿӳԷһֻҪ㷽Ͼѧᡣ
ΪرҶҲǽ̸󴸺
ԭݺͻȻ¶һ˿Цݣϲѵĺģ˼ǧ꣬û뵽ĿˣҲҪʯڵ˰
ҲǸһ˿Ц⣬ˮĵЦݡ
үյĶܿ죬Ͼһѧͻᡣֻ⼸ǧû˽̸ʹַ
ݺᣬ͵ؾҪҶ¹߶߶ţ㰡ȻƤңıסˣ˲˭չ
ҶƼæǧɷ
ζҪҶ¹ҶΣֻתͷӣȰȰүү
æҶһȰ˵˵˵ס˼ҵ
󴸵ڴٴ˯ˣΪ̫ˣҾȷá
̾˿үү̫ˣΪˮ׳һϵͼΪڿµġ


577 췿
ҶҲ˼ĵ˵ͷΪղڸ󴸹ʱҲܸܵĵڶദ缲еĸ޷εļҲҿղŸôʹҲֻǱˮнѡ
󴸸ˡ
ɱ˰չ٣ˮӿѹˡҲ֪޳᲻ٴҹ϶֮ɫɱ˰չ٣ˮ崦ˡ
ҶƼæ㲻Ҫ£һһ˵ҿ϶ˮģ
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Ҷνİ˰֣Ǵɲõģ޳ˣɱˣЩСϺףһûзС
ҲҶֿĿ𾪵ˣɴ˫˵
Ҷ˫֮дһ˿Цӣʲʺҽڸ㣬ϣܹǸıµ״
㶵ĵ˵ͷʵʱԼ֪˵Щʲôá
ҶƱ۾Ԫ֮еļɵԪӵļ˳ҽھѸٵļ¼Ȼַŵͷϡ
ֻоһͷͣȻԴԴϵѣУһĪļӿԺڡ
ԼĪһʱ䣬ҶƲĽֳĨһѶͷĺˮЦƾڵʵҪٵĴ䣬̫ǿˣҺûˡ
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ӿֳһ˿ж֮⣬̲סľҪ¹Ҷ
ҶƸϽסϲסţǸʲôֻҸǵıѣӦõģظлң
£Իرǿסеˮ˵ͷ

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Ҷϵѩƺʲôһ㡣ڨڨͷ󴸼ҵķӣԼղŵֱӳˣ⺮µģѩƮ£ûзڱЩС
۴ϵ󴸣ûзӣѩ
뵽Ҷƶһ䡰һ¡Ѹٵܵ˴⡣
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ӣȻֱһƽŴˣʵϼɶֹɣ
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ҶƲŲܱô룬ֻһЩ󴸼ҽһµķӡ
ŵڵϵĴҶƵ־굶͵ػȥֱӽƤȫ¶׳ɡ
ܿ죬ͽ˷ľͷ
ٴվ׼һŸ͵һȭȥǿҲ֨ѽѽҡһ£Ȼڵϣһ
Ҷٴηȥ˫»裬ǿƤٴαĸɾ
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ټޱȣҲѶϵ
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ͷ޳ǵУǾ죡ǿҲǿ찡

ľ׺ƣĺơ֪ҶΪ˾ԼɥڵѨеʱʹҹһȥѰҶƵټȴһ
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Ҷ֣ǽӽˣڷ絲ȫڻ£һܹӲһĳϾùٹ̶ġ
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ҲǲʺˣҶƴڸķҲǿٻһʱ䡣
ڷ˰չٵʬ壬ͱѩˡ
Ҷһ֮󣬴ӿռָ֮һЩʯˣҿҪ뿪ˣӣһҪչ˺үү޳Ǳߵ飬һǰȥǾͷİɣ
ͻȻƮһ£ƺˡ
㡭Ҫߣ˭ܹó֮еĨʧС
ҶƲɵȻҲʱ˿˵ʲôأǲǱŮˣֻװûӵ˵ͷǰһЩҪ졭ʧ֮ҵһżұǼ档
˫֮в֮ͻȻŨ߹һ˵ҶƻУϡ˫ֽıסҶƵ᲻ߡòã
Ҷһʱ޴룬Ů˵ᡣ˿һ뷨ûС
彩ֱĽַȥıӣ
üɺͳ
ˮƲסˮ̣ת˳ȥ
ǿ¶һ˿ЦݣЦˣԸ
ûʲôҶƵ˵ͷ


578 
Ҷʲôɵ£Ҫ׷ȥǱֹסˡ
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󴸿һҶƣи̾Ϣɵӣôܻһ·أϲ˭ãƫƫϲ
Ҷڷһᣬֱվæתһ°ӣ˵ʱģ
վҪҶƳȥҶ֪岻ãҲû´һ߳˷䡣
ѾֹͣƮѩҶһˣҲ֪ľ״绹ôǵģұøϿȥˣ
뵽Ҷƿ첽Ŵȥ
ߵڣͷǰѹѹΧһȺˣȺ˿ҶƳ֮󣬸ǴСţ
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ҶƹЦҲûʵͻˣϼɵʵ
ľҡҡͷŭȻûΪʲôһЩص޳ǣ֪֪Ǿжô㣿ղ費˼룬Ƿһ㡣ôһŮһȦ
ҶȻͷβԼʧľ˵һ飬ľŻȻ
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˵ĶԻ֮Щֻо׹Žµ˰չ£˭֪˼˾Ȼֵһ㡣
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ЩһҵҵĳţҪ뿪ôɵҲǿˣȻһ޴
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Ҷ۾Ÿ׳ޱȵĺӡ
ΪʲôҪôҶƱżЦſ
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嶼ڲϵĲţȻҶƴ𣬵ĵȴµҪԼʵ˼һָġ
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˵Ԫ͵ش˳Ҫ룬Ҷƴһ̽͵ؽק˻Ӹľףģ
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584 ڸ
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Ҷƾߣյ֮ʥĵӰ죬ҶҲоһǱıϢ׾ٵĴ߶ֻ֮Ҷһֱѹûд˷
ҪȻ޳ǵ˶ᱻĺ
ľ׳üû뵽Ѿͷٶȶ࣬Ҳֻ˵ɵżѣҪп»ҪһʱĿ
Ҷ̯̯֣ϼɵʱҲˣûиܵ׵һ㶼ͬʿϵʣԼߣҲǾ˫
ƺͻȻ뵽ʲôҶƼæʶ˿ռָ֮УһɢŽëʣԼһɣޱȵĲƹ龲˿ռָС
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˵Ϳ̤ϽɣԼѾǼʾһֱǿѰ
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ԼҲӵģֻһֱóʹá
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Ǻ˲ӴܣתĿˣڼٵľ޴вûκηӳôĵȴš
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590 ͻ
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Ҷ˫˲ɴ󣬸оԼƺЩĸоڵƺһ˲ȫɣڸĿǰһĻ
ľҲǺݺݵһĭշһĻ
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ǰͻȻоԼ类һֻץסһĻ̫˼ˣӴѹ֮£궼ڲϵĲţ
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桭治˼飡ɵǿನҲҪǵҶҧ³һڴѪĭŭ
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ҶƵ˵ͷǺأԼ˭ûֻϣԺٴɡԼɲݣԼʵʱԼҪл
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ҶƸľӶЦ漴΢΢ʼ磬̾ͻƵʱҲһСͻˡ
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591 
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飬ȻҪ飡Ҷһ֣¶ĵҶѾ޳ǳ˵ĺ˰ɣЩ˯˯õģ
ӦôӺδأľһ˿ɻ󣬵
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ΪҲҪӣ֮ſ뿪İɣ
Ҷ˫͵˸һ˿⣬Ȳ֪˼ˣڳڣ˵Ҳһݾ޴
ľ״磬εĳкεʵ
ľ׿˼ڤһ뵽ǳһԼ귢ҲӦϼɵʵɡ
޳ǱϾֻһСĳУϼɵʵѾܲˡ
ԤϲĻӦϼɣľ׵ͷ
ߵĳʵΣҶ۾뵽ԼɱǸֻ¼ɵʵԼ˿Ҳ¼ɣƾֵԽսϼҲȫ顣
γĵϵ֮Умɣ¼ɣһмɸ¼ڰƸڳԣҲ˵ڵǿ飡ľ׿˼ڤһ֮Żش
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ҽ㻹ǳְɣϾһȽ㲻ʲô˽ʶһĻԺҲǺаģľ׵Ļ˵ĺϣϾ޳Ѳ߶ӳô꣬һЩʻǺġ
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ղϳ˾֮ǰڰƸ֮еҶƵģҶҲʵΣΪͲʶ˼ҡ
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Ҷƺܿͳ߸ҪְԼˣ
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ԭսɫɽ׼նɱȴϰ·ɱҧһʱЩţæɽڵֵ
ҶһȭѾȫӴĵ֮˫̤ڵ֮ϣƺضϵһȭ˵ĸо̩ɽѹһӴĸɽֱӭͷ£
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Ҷһŭȭͷݺݵɽ֮ϣͬʱ˫֮Уʯ˽Ų
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ɫĽ˲䱻ƻһ޴ȱڣ˫һͻӰٴϳ֣һֻצ͵˺ǰǴĽɫ˳Ƴ˳
лڴŴٵҶƶԵһ䡣
Ҷư˰֣ʲô
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СӲǸŽ˵ҶôιԹԵĲǵ飬ҵǿԿȥ˵һ£ǷŹ㣡Ϊ׵ĴסҶƣ˫֮޷סɱ
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ѸٽһͬʱĳҶԼΧ


592 ֿ
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ҶƵ˵ͷȻû⣡
Ҷƻشôɴ࣬Ҳһ㶣漴ĿһۣȻĽĿƿ
ԼڰƸʱĺôһص㹻˰Ҷơ٣˼ƾɵĵȼȻԶԸмûκ⡣
Ǳ˵ĻĽ˵϶ǲмһˣΪԲģпǴţġҶƵĻҲ͸ˡ
˵ʵأ
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ΪǴһ׳ɽӵĴ漴͵ؽнɫ߸߾漴ʣҲЧĶ
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ѽɫӦöƷһĻܹӳƷʵǿҲֲô
ҶܹͬӲɹѽɫɽˡ
ѳ˲ڿл۳ΪһѳԼʮ׿Լ׵ľ޴󳤽Ӱ˶нɫɽӴȫ۵ǸӰ֮У߶Ӱ
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һΪӴĶͷٶȸֳһ֣ұ֮ǰԵøӵۣӵͻһĪѹȸС
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䣡
аħһ͵سǽɫȥͬʱһ˫ѪĻצҲݺݵĳŽĻȥ
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оԼȭͷճԵĴţҶиһŭĺҡ
аħұ۵˲ǿ࣬ǰĴֱã̾Ϊֹ
磡
Ļ˲佫ǰǾ޴Ľ˺ѣĶͷѾ¶֮ǰķѵ̫ھ޴ڵԵЩˡ
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Ҷ˫˸ԵζЦƾȽӽΪ׵Ĵ󺺡ٶȷɿ죬ֻһ˲Ѿ˴ǰ
Ǵ󺺵ķӦѾ㹻ˣӽͳҶϴ̹ҶЦӦûУôֱӭȥ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦٶȱƽǽɫɽҲΪܲסֱ˾ʮȡǴ󺺺Ȼ⻹ôΪʲô̲Ƥ
һ뷨ǣ˿϶ˣ
Ǿ˿ҲѾˣҶٴαƽһǽɫֱؿڴļƶϡ
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Ҳͣס˽Ų˫֮Ķ𺳡
ѵôȻôƷ޷˺
ǴնϵĽһѾ޷ѹסԼˡ
ôᡭôƷǴ󺺷ŭıסԴŭԽʧܣǸ޷˳׵ʧܡ
˵ƤûŪƣô׵ıŪϣŰ


593 һ
ʵ֤ˣΪҶƾսһѾעˣ
ҶûиǰκδϢĻᣬһ˲䵥־Ѿ̽ٶȷɿ죬ֻ֮ܿлһӰ
Ǵ󺺵ͫ˲ĿҶƵֿԼĲϣ
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һŽ󺺵ʬ߷ɣԶԶˤ䵽˵ϣǴ󺺵Ԫವһ´֮дܳųԶȥ
Ҷ۾ȴûгֹΪԪߵķľ׸ڵķҲ϶Լʧģ
ȻǴ󺺵Ԫ񿴵Ҷû׷ɱԼ˫֮һ˿ϲ֮⣬漴ޱȵԹѾзģͷ֮һҪҶƸӦеĴۣ
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ʱӭͷһӴ£ͬʯһ㣬ֱӽǴ󺺵Ԫ𡭡
ᴭղһӴͷųġ
Ҷ۾Ŀŵϡÿһʵ˼㣬мһȼ֮УܹսʤǵҲһѡҲֻƾһʱ򣬲ͷųӴ󿰱ϼɵ
˿Ϊ׵ĸʣҲֻں֮ڣ
һѸٹת˼Ȧûѡ˺˼Ҳ֪ʲô
һǺߵĳ˫֮ѾɱΧһŭɱҴ磬Ҹƴˣ˵˫һ˦нɫɽһӴĽӳֱֱĳҶƵͷ
ո˺󼸲ѸٽĿϣƺʲôشľһ㡣͵һļУɱҴ磬Ǿͬھɣ
˵Ż±һ񱩵ΧǼƻһһӡѸٳ˳һ׼뷽跨ӦһС
ҲֻСѣ˿˳һ˫֮еı˲ʧӰ٣תΪ˼˷֮⡣
Ťͷܣûиղǹˣеֻûĳ෴ķȥ
һ㶣޴ķЩԽܣ׼˵ʲôҶƵ𣺡Ҫܣ
ߣ˫֮ɱ䣬û뵽ųԼֵǰƴԼܵС̡
Ǵ˿Ѿܳǧ׵ľˣ׷ʵף
ҶƿһӰֵֵָСıֽܹɵļס˼ĽУ
˫һɣҪĽһȥҶָͺרŽУ
˺ûйҶƵǿһˡҶҲǺͽĹ£
ҶصһЦָһŤƷҶŤϣŤϵǸƺҶָ֮裬ʮֻĿѣ

Ĵָһ⽣еĵײ˲һʵĹӰ˳ȥֱнߵӵ֮У
꣡
еʵ̫󣬲ᴩ򣬸ֱӴӺһѪ
ǰҲĵȥ
ҶƿҪߵˣһ˿мЦ⣬ѸٵĴӿռָ֮Ǹ˸ŽɫĳìͲҪ׼ֱͶȥΪʵ̫ڳìֵ˲ضһ£
ǰӵԪ֮ҶƾһѵƷһ㣬Լĳì֮˸һɫ棬Ծʮľ룬ݺݵ͸˵ĺ󱳣
Ҷ΢ЦҡҡͷһƷôûˣϧ
˵Ԫ͵Ӵܳûļ񱼶ȥ˿Ҷƻûȥ׷Ȥ
һмɵԪѣܹ壬ָԭΪҲǰˡ
Ǹûн˷ϣ
ԪûӴܳعͷûκ׷һ˫֮һ˿ݣҶơ棬Ǻڵģ

һ˫۶ҶƣҲ˵һʲôζ
Ҷƣγ϶ϡǴ˿ʯѾرʵɬͷҶʦʦһ
ҶƵ˵ͷתߣƺŵĽȫϡ
һ£ҶƵᣬɻѡ
ôˣҶŤͷɻʵ
ôɴľˣҲ־ݣʱͲҷڣҲͷЩԺʳ˵ͼ⡣
ҶƹЦЦͷˡ
˲˲ɡ˵СôҶ΢Цŷʵ
ϸֳһ˿ɫȻܣӦģǾȻ׷
ҶƵ˵ͷȻˣ־кأ֣ڣգѸٵĳľ׺ķȥҪڳû֮ǰŪ³εܣʵûʱͬг
ĿҶӰȥβ̾һһ죬ӵܹ񹬣
˵꣬Ҳתȥ
ղһҶЦԴ
õҶƵĿ佱ҲЩСȻˣǿҽΪ¼֮һ
Ҷһ˵²˳٣ﵢ̫ʱ䣬ÿȥˡ˿ֵ̳飬ӦÿԺ׵ĳ룡
Ѹٽ޳ǣҡڵĳųȥ
ǰŵϼɣƺľ׺ӣк
ľȥûʲôϵλһɫ֮ӿһ˿Ϊ֮ɫǲ˵Ƚģ
ľ׹һЦᳵ·ĵȥһöƷʯֵܾ͸и㣬ϵܸãѰ
ЦŽʯУԭˣ
ҶҪżʱͻȻһ㶣ҶƵ㡭ǣ
ҶһæľͶȥĿ⣬ѵԼⱻʶˣ
ľ̻һĵ
Ҷƣ˾ϲ´Ҷƣ
ҶƳ˼һ£ǵ˵ͷûҾҶƣ
ԭɱǵѨҶƣû뵽ȻûȴͻȻԵ쳣ִ⽫ʯľ׵ĻУֵԭҶֵҪôľô˵ʯҲҪǽȥɣ


594 Ѳ
ҶƺȻ֪ΪʲôͻȻˣΪ˲˷ʱ䣬ҶҲһȭ
ľ״磬ô£ҶЩɻʵ
ľһ۾ƺЩдĴ磬ǵһǰȥ׽ѨСӳ֮һرһɱѨҶơ
ҶĬȻ˵εĳǲЩСȥΧ˵ѨĿȥĻҲ̫쵰ˣ
˵ɽ磬˵ݽһ㣬ʵΪ𣬵ֺҶвƽ
˳֮ڣҶƸʵʵĸľ׵󣬿ûʲôĶʵҶÿʱÿ̶ͷųʶ۲ųһС
ĸмɣ߸¼ɡҲ̶ѨˣҶưԸľ״
԰ɣʱ뷽跨ķڣ˼ɣʲôܵĻһֻǻԼķľ׿϶һĴ𸴵
һ·ųȥľҲһˣҲûյʲô̲顣
ķ⣬¼ڿأľ׹ȥֱӺסվסʲôˣ
λˣľװλС֣Ҫľ׵
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λˣҸˮ巢ͱңһ˰չٱɱҽЩ¼ȫˮڣҪ˵ϣλи㡣ľ̬ŵúܵ͡
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ҶƵ˵ͷʾȫ⡣ֻ¼ɶѣûʲôµġ
úúãߣҶƵͷһӦšͬʱ첽ĳų߹ȥ
˴ŭʲô˵ֱ̽ҶƵļ
Ҷ˿壬һЦ˫һ̽ȥ˵죬Ѹݣ
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硭
ͫ͵طŴĵȥ֮УûзʲôʶɨҲѷ﷢顣
æƿ˷ţҶƸľ׷ֱȥ˷УȻĽŹϡ
һ޴ֺķ䣬ֻװοͷĿѣǽϹŵĹŻǽǰڷŵĹŶԴеģղؼֵ
˵ĿľԲΪ˿ڵװжôҳܵġ
ˣ˵ⷿǳ˽ܵĵطϳѺĻ᲻ͱڣƺͻȻ뵽ʲôҶƵ
ľҲҶ뷨һΣյĵطȫĵط֮Ļ˵ⷿĹѺϳ
ľ׺ݺݵĵ˵ͷѹļ֮飬пܣϳͱڡΪСӳʱķ䣬кܶԼģ
֪֪ͻȻʵ
ľһε治̫
ԼңҶƵͬʱʼ淭ʲô
ľҲѸٿʼ³˽ο϶һı˵ܹǣһϵеĶԼѾԽԽˡ
ʱһһĹȥתۼ䶼Ѿȥ˰ʱҲǼ䣬Ҳûзκε˿
Ҷɫ֮Ѿһ˿֮ɫÿһÿһ붼Ҫܾ޴ѹ¶ˣȻˣصǿ߻ͦģʱֻƴɱһѪ·ȥ
ľ̾һȻƣ룬˫ȴ͸żᶨܻûУаǿԿ϶飡
䣬ľ״ȥͻȻһˮīɫĻƿ
⣡
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һ۳ŵɨȥȻһť
Ӧþǻˣľ׸˻һۣǸť
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ͻȻһ˸𽥵ڿܻ˵򣬷Ӵĵ谵ķӳļ
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һеܣȥҶ̤ռѷ֮УǺԥ
ҶƵӰѷ˲ɣľ׸һۣҲԶ̤ͬС
һתҶƸоΧ綼ںһšĿռѷȻͬ仰˵ռѷѹûµĿռ䷨Ϣ˵ĸоǴһߵһŴûбĸо
֮УҶ˫ۣʶѹ֮ѸٵĿʼܡ
һ޴Ҷ֮УԼλҶһľľ׸εԼ
æȥҡҡ˵壬ľ׸Ҳѹ
۾ȵĿΧһС
òƣӦòڷˣС
ȻˣڴһռڣܸоЩ֣ͨռѷ촩ԽռʱΪʲôûֿռ䷨ĻƸأҶüͷ
Ϊⲻռ䣡
һŵ˲侪Ҷһ亹
ʵ˲Ѿʶ̽Χûб˴ڡȴôͻȻͺñȾԼһ㡣
˭ҶѸɨܣ
˭ɽǸ·һ˿ɬ
Ҷ֣ûʲôӦľֱӲˣô
ţɽɻӦһ޳ǵִӳľף


595 Ӵ
ľһסŵĻܣˣƺʶʲôͷûˣҰ
ҶҲ˷ƣһۣԶԷеϲ
û뵽ɽȻǸεĳѺǳȷǼðˡ̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣
ôǡǼһ֮аѵҲץˣɽͬʱǸĻعһ˴ɽ˳ļЩͣ޽ǴҲ¶ư׷˫֮͸һ˿ɬζ
ޱȵ޳ǳɽ˿̾Ȼһߡ
ûУǷεĳ֣һ뷨һ¾ʲôû뵽ײͷһѷ죬ȻǾ߽ˡľ׺ʵĻش
ˣǲǽȻԷΪ޳ǵĳľҧгݵ
ɽɬĵ˵ͷġ
ʲôˣҶüʵ
ɽ̾˿Ҳ֪ʲôˣ֪Ŀģ
ĿģʲôĿģæʵǰ˿ûʲô߸ϵϣҲܹĸ˵
ɽ۾ĿģǼȡ޳ǾԪ
Ԫ
û˵Ԫ񣿡
ľ׸нԶһ˿ɵƺԺ֮뵽龰һ㡣
û֮ð޳ǳΪ֮һʢʢᣬʱ޳ǵ˶һǰеڹݣ˵һõĻᡣһк޳ǣǰΰݵȫ飬ȻռԪɽһ˿ɫ
ĳô˴ŭĵɴ˫۵
ΪʲôĿƫƫѡ޳ǣҶһѪʵ
ɽɬҡҡͷҲ֪Ϊʲôѡ޳ǣڶ񹬵ıԵɣ񹬵ִӸܵһʱϵ
ʵΣ
Ҹ֪߳٣Ҳǡ¼ɣɽ۾ε
ɼǿߣǵɼĿԶԸġһ¼ɿʰϼɣɽҲһ취ûСϳλ³ΣȻɻ󣬵ǾԲỳʲô
ˣǿһҪֹľ߬ȭͷ
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ô᣿ֻҪܹȥǾͿ޳ǽߣǳȻȥִԮҲִܸΪаɣľҧ
ȥɽͻȻЦˣЦˮӿȥôȥǸˣһռиֽƣ˾ͱȥˡ
ƣҶüͷ̧ͷһֻɽԭʵղ֪ΪѾƣѹֵ˴
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Ҷһ˲䳯ɽȥ磬ƻ͵سǺȥֻ԰ڵŨһ˲䱻ҶӴ׵ն˺
Ǿһ룬һɹɺɫɢŶŧˮӺѿȪˮһ㲻ϵӿ˳ϵʯŧˮ䵽ʱȫɢŶϡࡣ
Ҷ⧲ɫŧˮһЩʱϵ·Լٶڻ
Ҷһ㶣û뵽ɫŧˮĸʴӴ󡣵ķӦҲǼģֱӻƽһƬѣƮ£ûеѾʴΪޡ
ţɫŧˮٴδӺѿ֮д˳ҶͷƤըް취ֻѸ˿
ڵʯѾȫϡ࣬Żһ㡣
ɽǲҪ׷ˣѾԹΣʵ̫ǿҶ޷ͻƣ
ҶҡҡͷΪѾǺɫѿ֮еŧˮֹͣˣҲ޾ġ
а취ģ
ҶͻȻ˫ۣ˸ǵĹâ˵ɾ͸ɣֻ͵ػһķֶֻΪ˵ɫôһһǼΪϢһӷ˳ȥ˲俪ʼѸӴĺɫ

ϵɽƺǼΪ𺳣ҶƵҲǲͬˡ
Сѣ㡭ϰϵɽ
Ҷܵⶫɽܺô磬ضǡ
ɽһ̣㱻ҶѪϵϽɵıȻ˵ضǣ
ȻҶǿ˵˵ϵͬҲϡȱĲС
ϵ˱쳣Ӳ
ҶƳһȥֻ¡һһƬѿѷ죬Ҷƿ첽˿˫۽Ķǵѿڡ
ллأǸŧˮûѾǸһ
ĻͺõöˣҲҪŧˮˡҶ˫ƲãĽǰǺնն쳣
ɽ˶סˣвϵ¼ɵʵôĺŰ
ЩƴȻֻ¼ɣսϼҲǲѶأ˵ͲһƴĶ֣
ܶԳ˲ľЩĿһۣŵæͷ
ɽ۾Ц޷СѱǿҲǲܽܵһϵҾ͸Ӳ˵ţҲǿЩߵҶߣһ𽫺նѿѿڡ
ľ׼״ҲæĸһٶҲǿ˲١
ṦѾޱȵĽɽǰĺ˺ѡ漴ĸ˾ǰǶ𺳵ĳͰ
һߴɵľ޴ɽһأȫϡɵ֮С
棬а񡢸ӵķģ͸̫šϡȵζһ鰵ѪĿġаϴ棬ӿγһ˻״оѡ
ѪɫĹâ·ܻ棬ֱգַ·Ѫ죬ɱȻ棬γһתŤʱյĳ档
͸ŤʱգԿһƬƬһĲҳͬӰһѸ١
ǰʯͷ̵ľ޴ޣͷ­һ㣬ֻ׳Ĵŵأ˫ֳҷâˣȻЩԶ߲Ѫɱζȴǽһۣŵûɢ
Щܾ͸һ㣬аȵϢ·һֱܹӻӶǾ޴һݺݵĽ룬Ѫ쭡
ҶƸȷ֮ϣԿ̻ܹǵģԲӴӾԼС


596 а
Ҷңңһǳ⾿ʲôôӵӴа
ƺΧеаȫһӦǵаʣɽ
ҶƵ˵ͷ͵Ծɽ䵽˵֮ϡľ׸ɽҲǽԶ
ΧаҶüͷаȻŨңʵõ˹˲ͻᱻȾٿ־Ϊʬ⣡
ȷˣҶоЩɽ˵ͷ
ҶȴûĸоΪͬʵԭɡ
ɫֻЩ԰׶ѣæóƷʯеľ׾ͲˣòӴ壬ҧš
ҶƺʲôٴͳһöƷʯݸľףľ״磬ٸһöܻһЩ
ľ׵˵ͷĽ˹ĳ̶ȣһöƷʯǿ϶ģҶҲһ㡣
ĸ˽УҶͻȻŤͷˣ֪ôȥô
ɽüͷ϶ͬѰ˵оγȥķ
ҶƵ˵ͷ׼ȥ
ʱȻ֮䣬һɼΣյϢһ㣬ҶԺ֮һ
Ҷɫһ䣬æͣסע⣬Σգ
ɽҲǵ˵ͷǿһаƺǴ֮ϴġ
꣡
һҶǰ̶ͻȻƬ䣬գ۹򣬾γһ׵Ĵӣޱߺɢݳͬǧֱ飡
⣿Ȼζ̫ˣö궼ûгζˣһаֲǰ޿֮кХ
ͬʱһֻ󸲸ǵľ޴צСɽһ㣬شӾ޿ǣ磬ժǳҶһץ
צһգܿռ䣬ŨΧռתٶȶࡣ
ҶƸоΧĿ˲ǧ֣ƺռ䶼סˣӲ³ȥ
ŨĹаں̣Ѫڣɲ֮䣬ҪҶԨ
ľ׸֮ʣҶѾǷӦ˹һХȻһţݺݶ¡
ƣ
䣡
ܵճʱͬѵļըɴ˿ɼҶǿ
һ룬ҶƽŵۣʵʣӴɽŹצݺ¡
飡
Ѹըѣһըѵľ޴
צָȫ۶ϣ԰֮׹䡣ͬѣŨѪٲаӰձڶ¡
ˣǼ֣һŭĺУӵص״䣬κضɽҡ
ţȻ͹һ飬ǻɽ緢ӣǶġ
ɽ棬ŨѪ·ڣѪ죬͵رըһɫӰڿһĿĻߣֱֱ䵽Ҷǰ
ˡٺ٣ʵԽǿϵԽۣϲ
Ӱȥһ͵ߣһϮõĺۣһգɢ˶ĵŨѪζ
Ȼ༫ΪѣǾû˸ȥʵ
Ĳϣһһſ飬ȻǷɵӤͷ­ݣſֲ
һ˫˸ź۾ϸĴҶƣǿţ̰ɫܺãǳãҿԸоѪʮȫÿһ⣬ÿһѪ˵Ǵ󲹣ֻҪ㣬ҵľ綨Ȼõ
ҶƺΪ߶ԼԣΪԼΪͬʣһһͷ;
ҶƣǿԼޣ¶һڼȻһſڼХɣ
ৣ
͵ͻȻչαǣֱһ쳤˺üѸ磬ڰ˺һѪɫâָͬץɢϢ˲ץҶǰ
ʵϵȵôʯ֮䣬Ҷһ۾ͿԷʵ
Ҷƻûг֣ɽһܵһץֻžһ֮лĽ̻ͬը̻ɢ
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аͬשʯǽɽǰòƣȻа»ҷӿǳһӱȾ˺ɫ
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ͻȻעɽ¶һ˿թЦݣЦȤû뵽ʵˣҪϵѪ⣬һƬƬ˺£úõƷ
˵ţ͵һ壬һ촫
䣡
ߵұۣըһУƺһʽ֮УĴ֣һĽճҺӿɲ֮䣬ͽɽͬǰۣȫϣס
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Щɢݳ̣ɽֱ۰ȥЩ棬һŤһƮɢ˻ŭ𣬳а˿һۣͼŻ£¶
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ҹ
ž
ɽֱڶʳһ޴˲䱬ѿһţƤһʵöѣɽаĴһɫѪҺ
⡢ôܣȻıʣͷУ˸𾪵ɫ漴ٴһĳ޴а⧲ɽһ˺Զ
Ҷ΢΢ĿɽķɣҲһüͷ˲̽ȥһסߵֱۡȻһƣһץߵ֣ɲǱ÷顣
ҶƵͬĳìͷӶϿ󣬺ݺݴ룬ǰۡ⣬ֱۣը٣Ѫɽ˱ǣŻ
ƬŨѪҺ⣬ڰɢаɢݳ漴ͱȻڵ֮ϣٴαսȥ
ɱ㣡ֻ¼ɣѾϼɣ㣬ֱһֻϻҪף
ݣ
һ⣬Ժ˲ſѪ⣬ɢаֳָ꣬ŭŤӣҪӹâ˺ҧҶơ
ҶҲַӴĽ⣬һ˲ʩչȻǰЩа˲˸ɾ
аԪ񣬾ȻȫݻˣҪʬΣŭȼţȻʮֵķŭ
Ѫ裬һ˿Ĺâͬʱһֵƣƺͷʲôǿһ㡣


597 
Ҷƺоʲôɱڲϵ𣬼æһ֣ľ״磬ˣ˺˾ͽˣ
ľ׸˵ͷȥɽԴ͵ĿҶһۣʵСѣ޳ǵô
ǸոշҵˣӦ޳ǵ˰ɣҶ
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ʵɽѾܹоˣаӦŦܹƻ϶ǿԴӳȥġ
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͵һٶָۣſſһץǽʲôץһ㣬Ť˹
ֻôһΪӴаĲϳš
ϲ֪ʱѾ˺һɫƲʣƺҲǱаȾһ㣬ΪŵϢԼҪոһ㡣ߵĶ֮£ŨƲǼΪӲʯ屻ͻȻ޴ĺ
һȫ֡
˲ٵ֮еٲ죡

ƻΪ˲ĺɫҺ壬зų಻ŵԪһɫ֣ҵĲҽСƺˮǼΪµĴڣҪӳǱƵģ屻Եס
ءúòң
Ҫȥ
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ЩԪһҽţÿ˵Ķԣ˻ĺëֱ
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ɫ˲һ˿׺ݣһУ͵ؽ˻ݺݵٴڿһֻ׳ĴȺݺݵĳľ׷
̤̤̤
شֵڵ֮ϣһƬƬѲӳȥǰٶǷǳģƾľ׵ٶȸǺѶܣ
ҡȥɣЦţɫ֮תΪ˷֮ɫǳҪɱ¾ͷԼĸꡣ
ľһ˿֮⣬Ӱݵڵ֮ϴšҪŰĳҪעⲻܱȵȻ϶ֻбȳһ³
ҲӴ˳ȥǰĿ겢ҲûʲôΣաľ׵ΣվأҲֻǸżܰʲôæ
ɽյ˫ͻȻһɺҵ⣬е׽͵֮лӹ鲻̵˲ʮԶ׽ԡ
ɽղſһֱƣȻѾ֪ڣôҪľǽ߾ȫȥ㣡Ļˣ
паϵаԴԴϣݽߵġôȥɽԼҲֻڴˡ
ԣҪȫһˣ
ɽҧأֳһ˿Ȼ֮ɫŰӴ͵سȥ׽ջӳһöĿĹʡ·ΪӦһ㣬һͻȻ£𵴵ռ䶼ڲͣĲ
֮Ϻе׽ںһ𣬹ͬöĿĹʣ̺ŻԵƺܴﵽŤռƣ
Ȼռ䶼ʼҵĲһЩĵطǿʼѿĿɿڴ
һ͵ش׽֮ϳȥεӰӴļ׵磬ΧƵҲɢ̵Ȼͷ󣬵̺ŵĻԵȴ˸С
ģ͵ص˼£ͻȻӶͷֻǣȫɱΪЩҲ˲Ϊһ޴򣬷ɵ׵Ӱڣ
ǰҲͻȻΣգһ˲伱æת壬˫۷ŭĶɽǴ˿ɽӷѾݺݵĳؿڴ
ԭͱΧһЩؼ˲䱻Ϊ˴Ƭڣǰ¶һ˿˼֮ɫ˻ţʹĻ
ôܣ
ǰϵĺţ㱻˻УȻƾа֮еаһֱֲ֮ءڴҲ޿κΣΪаܹ޸ģһݻٵϸ
ЩβԼģ
˿ЩҲѾˣΪǵڷĸʴؿڣӴԶһ˲ȫΪ̿
аĳؿӿȥһǲϵ޸˵Ĳ֣һǻΪĶסĹ
ƲɵɽȫһԶٿɽɫһƬ԰ף˫ֿٵŷӡΪľٶȸӵĿ죬Ѹ͵ǰؼ֮µڣ
޴ײȥаײһ𣬾޴̵ĲϴӲ漤аıѩһţҲǴͷβʧ黯
ۣ
ɽ͵һѪɫ԰ֽаķɾҲǲܵģԾ˿ͷ
Уҵ޷ݻ㴦ֿʵ̫ǿˣɽ
ľ׸ԶһҲ˿ӦЩʲôվʹԼֵ
һ̵һ𣬲ϵѹšǹͷСıѹȥʱ̺ҲǸӵӴձѹΪֻȭͷСȴǷӣ
ݺݵһҧеųǰؿڴӹȥй޹
ײа֮ϣʱһ𵴵ĺ¡аǿٵĵţ
аײһѷ죬˿ɳ֮ɽ״ϲٿٴγ˰ؿڣ
̣
ò޸õĵطٴαĴݻ١
ľ֪Լ޷԰ʲô˺Ҳ׼ƫ棬˫ָԱһţŰֻ֮϶ȥ
ˢˢ
ֻоæ۾Ͼ۾ĵطǿΪڸߣҲǲԼ۾ȥ˺
žǡ硱ײƤ֮ϣֻо˫һᣬʹİ
ҶǿѸٵĹ۲һ£Ѹٵķ
ƾɽ޷ؿڵơʱӦԼ˰ɡԼѾǸûжˡ
͵վҶҧʱ˿ڵĹͷոսӺãûô׵ľܽо˶һЩûõ˿ҲٴδܳѪʹȫһѪһ㡣
ȫģ˫ֽϵĽȥڰϣǼһĿռ𵴣
䣡
ռ䲻ϵĲţǰǵڿ֮еһҶۣʱиûΣա
ϵ˿ڳֵٶԶԶ˻ָٶȣǰ·һ㣬Ӵа˲䱬ļ£
𣡡
͵һ£𺳵֮£ȻһΪ˵ĩ
Ű͵ܶ޴ĶƵؿڣЩڶϱըȴ˲һ˿һ
ɽٴһѪľϵǿжϣܵӴɣе׽Ҳţ·ڱһ㡣

ɽεѣ˫ƺҪ߬ˮվȴûаְ취ǰǰ˿ڴѾڿٵˣҲûųղ̶ֳȵ
ȻҪҰ
һĵƺԵ֮еӽ̾䣬ɱ磬ָ顣˳ԴѸתͷȥԶͫһɴ顣


602 
ֻѪҶưȻ˫ȻڲȻվǣһֱͦıǹ۶ôǿƣ۶ٷ紵򣬶ȥ֣
Ҷ˫ѾʹκˣƾһɢŽɫĻ泤ìûˤڵءĽ֧ìӵ֮гϸϸķǰš
𽥣һĨ΢ЦҶ˫ĶŰؿ㴦·֮ʲôһ㡣
ľǸɢŻĳìҶ
У˵̫ˣҪɱֹҶƣ˫֮жǽ֮ɫղҲѾ̽Ҷڵͷ˺üѪָٶٿ죬ûмľϢġ
Ǵ˿ҶȴӲҪվѾǼΪѵˡ
Ҷһ˿ᶨƵɫ˵飬Ǿͷţġ
ǳìĻӵˣ·ܹڻһУҲֳȵĻ֮±̵ĲϷѿ޴Ŀӣ
ȻҲǷҶƵĶûзϡҶҲֻ֮ԱǶѣһ¼ɶѣܸԼʲô˺
ҶȴȻţʱ򣬺ݺݵĽеĳìŭȥ
˲䣬ȫ飬һöĿĻͻȻҶѸٵķȥݺݵĴԶİؿڣ
ⳤìѾҶþµͶȥˣӳⳤì˲䣬ҶҲĵڵϣ˫ʧһԤУԼһڵĹͷٶ˶ʮѾҶܹܵķΧ֮ˣѵٴδڴӿСۡ³һѪһ»赹˹ȥ
Ǵȴһ˿΢Ц·ڸղһ㹻һ㡣
һìõѾҶڵԼȫɣ
ìХŷɳȥǧ׵ľת˲ţ
ǰռһѿ޷赲ⳤìƣ
˶ˣ˭˵ҶƾȻʹǿһһµҲӲӰ
о˲˲ͽƵؿڣͬʱа˲γһޱȵķ֣Ϊ˳ìѹղҪ࣡һ˱֮˷ģ
ⳤìҶƽɻŵӵƷ˿̱ҶһԹֶΣⳤìķöᣬҶƸԼ״߷ìĻԣ绢
շ·һ뱻һɫĹâӲָ룬һһ죡
ìǶƺݺݵײһ
ˣ
һŵ죬ìЯܹٿռ֮˲䴩͸˶ƵȵĻ漸˲佫ڻΪˮٶû˿ı仯ٵĳǰȥ
ಣ
˫۷ŭԲԴ벻Ϊʲôһ˻ʱ򱬷ǿƣ
ҶΪһĹͷֱ˶ʮ֪ƾжǿ
һ̣еа޷֣ȫ׵ģ޹
꣡
һĴ죬ǳìֱ˵Ĳ˰ؿڣǲȥû룡Ȼǰ˲һѪ˲
ǳìĻҲǽ˸͸ĵطγһںĴ󶴣аѸٵɢ
ؿһԪڵأǴޣаа飬ڶһԪ񣬽ԪֱӴƣǿҲǻ췦ˡ
˫𽥱ÿնҲû뵽ƶסǳìƣ
ʮ׸ߵȻ𵴵ԶһСɽһ壬ۿɼĺɫаɢڿУ
֮ȷӦģѸܵҶߣȥ̽ҶƵơ
ҶѾֱǲĿˣͷ˶ʮѪڸǣڼദˣһ˿ͱˣҲֻҶƣǿס־ҵʹ
Ҷƻ΢ĺûΣգʱС
ľҲææϹ˲ͷĺˮˣ
֮дһ˿ǻ˵ĺأ
ɽʱҲ˹̾һԭ˵壬ûãƴֽǳìͶȥʹҲԽܳܵķΧ˿Ѿǻͳɼˣ
ˣ˵Ӧҧ촽
ɽڸʲôˣΨһľǵȣ
ȣľײ
ûȣûĻڵֱǾ˵ı̬ҶҪϼգȬ֮Ȼһӭж⣡ɽ
ҲǸϽҶƵķ£ɫ֮Դŵ֮ɫǸ̬غɷԵӡ
ľ̾˿ҶƵҲ֪ġҲ֪ҶƾǲһľͷˣԾȻװӶʲôÿǹܹ֡ŮֱĸӴ
ʱһһĹȥ˶СĽΧҶߣĲΧܷκΣա
ǶˣΧ˲Ϸڵа֮⣬ûκζаԾ·ɽһ㡣
ҶƵĺ΢Ҳþȣ̬ͬ˯һ㡣
չȥ֮ٴθҶڵһȴòг
ľ׸ɽҲǸϿ˹뵽ҶڣҲͬסˡ
ԭҶƵƣͨˣϼҲΪܲסӴʹ飬ҶǳסˣǾ˵𺳣عڿԻִָˣ
죬ֻǹѣ
ҶǶϵĹͷ˵ļԼǽԶָǿԭҪֹͣ˿˵硢磡
ҶƵ壬ȫָˣһʤǰ
ɽ۾Ȼǰ˰ҸҶ϶Ƿ񹬣Ҳٮٮˣ
ɽҡҡͷ˲û޳ǣ̨Ӧɽ簡ľҲӦɽſϧˣĿϧˣ
ľ׸ûϸȥɽĻ˿Ҷû¾ѾõĽˣ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶƴӻ״̬֮˹˫ۣӳ㲵ӡ

ҶԴһ˿ɻĽе
̻ع񣬿ҶƵϲѵƴ磬ˣ
ţ
Ҷ˼ԼѾȫˣݵվ΢չһ壬޴󰭡
һԣȥˣ
죡


603 
ôҶƵ˵ͷ漴ʼ鿴Լƣһ׳ľһ㣬ڵȫˡ
֣ˣľ͵תΪϲ
˭֪ҶƲǵˣȫȥһì¸޷ǰ
ǸʱҶƶѾǿ֮ĩˣȻȫԼƣȻȻѡ˹
ѡˣ
ҶѹϢ֮ɽҲתӣҶƵ˫֮һ˿ޱȸӵɫ
һָĻ԰ɣǿԼжˣҶƵ˵ͷԶаµ޵̣޴ͺڶͬԨ˸ȥֱӣ·쳣ֲĴһ㡣
ף֣ĵһ£ѵӦѯǰû𣿡ľЦŸҶƴȤ
Ҷʼ磬⻹Ҫôյʱ㣬ǰ϶ɣһһٸʲô
ƴ磬ʱͶȥìʱô֪ǰ㵱ʱѾ˱ˣô˾ȷжϣܸȤʵʵҶƽìͶȥ˲඼·ֹͣȫΪȵĽ¡
Ҷ˫ע˵ĻҲ˵Ϊʲôҵʱܹ϶ǰסһǱʶҵİɣ
ɽʱ˹̧֣һѾ˵ĳìҶͶȥһ֧
ⳤìֻƷѣǰĶƾ;ԲȲʿͻƵġȻѾˣǾֻ˵ʱ㸽ȥĺܡǿɽζĿҶһۣ
ҶװĹһЦȴԸ϶ͣ˵˷ʱˣͲȫ˵һ̾ͻıʣǻǿЩа֮аɣ㹻ˣ뿪ķУ
ľҶƵĻҲûж룬˵ͷ׼жɽȴüͷҶƹĽתƣΪ˽ʡʱô򵥡
ο˼ڤҲ벻Ŀܣֻܰ̾һڣ
ԽǿаԽĸоԼڵڱһа롣а֮ǲϵŰڽʮҡ
ѣֻͷųֿаѸٵаٵţҲŵѸ١
ҶƸɽûʲôоɽΪ񣬱Ͼ߳ܶ࣬ҪЩаʴҶǸҪֿƾʣ͸аģ
ƾеƷʯٵĲڸɺԵҲǿԳס¿ɾͿľףʵģֻϼɣûдﵽɵļ
֮ǰҶƸǿƷʯҲǱٵոɾаĵֿ࣬ܿɫͱò԰ס
ҶƺܻԹɫ״ٴεݹȥһöƷʯľ漴Ͷһм񣬲ֵ֮ҲҪ˵ʲôͷ·
а˽ǧףۿаֻвʮľ룬ÿһƺ죡
ʮֵճ˸ؿʮֵơ
ɽĲҲ΢һ㣬ֻҶͥŲ·ûܵκ谭һĳǰš
һҲɽ岻ѣҶƵɻָ˼֡
ʲôݣ
̤
һ̤ȥľ㱻Ӵаȥæ˫ֲ֮У˻Ǳ˺Զ

ľ״˿ͷ̧Ӵѹ˫ȶϵĲţҪа֮£ƾϼɵʵ֧ôõġҲһһ֧ţԲֵܹʱ
ҪĽȥ˿ҲǱаһ³ţ߾ȫĳǰ̤һֹס˺˵Ĳ
ҶƼ״æܹȥһסľ׵ֱۣɫеľ״磬û°ɣ
ľҧס촽ǿһЦ˼鷳ˣ
Ҷŭʲôߣһߣ
˵źݺݵһľ׵ĸ첲ľ˳ҶƷţѵĳǺɫ޿֮ȥ
ɽһ̤Ǿ޿֮УӰڰû
ҶüͷǻȻ̤˽ȥľף
˵ӰȫڰûаԱٴλָƺʲô鶼ûзһ
֮ǰ濴аֻǸоӴֱԼ̤УܸоֹǴ󣬸Ǻΰ
ȻһƬڰ֮УҶƿƾԼʶ̽ţԲʮףȻǿյأûκ谭
ɽҲԼʶ̽һƬڰƺڰǲɢģѾΪһʴڿ֮ˣֻǵ޹ĺڰ
ɽŷһڳֵ˲ͱڰˣʧӰ٣
˻
ɽһҡͷ⾿ʲôȻ׵ɵΪȴоʵĴڣ
ҶЩа漴͵һͻȻһȵĻȼţΧĿռݵһЩ

һɫӰ͵ظѹҶеĻ˲𣡵ҶƲûиоʲôƺǹɺӰûκι̬
һ塭Ҷüͷƺڿ˼ʲô
һ̣ЩɫӰӷ·𱻼ŭһ㣬˲Ӵƣ
ӴĿ־֮ɱһ˲ȫǱ䵽ɱ˲ָо͸аĸоһģһ
ĸͬʱоܵ˾޴ĳòͷų⣬ֿаĳ
ǡΪ̬аҶƵ˫˲ɴ󣬹ֲȫоЩʣԭеĺڰΪ̬а
꣡
ĸͬʱһΪаڲϵļѹǵ壡
ľʵһŭֲʵҪǣǸ̶ʱ䣬Ѿ˺ܶӣѪ졣
Ҳֻ࣬࣬Ͼʵˡ
ɽֱӽеͷų⣬еаȫɲκ˺ҲǾ˵ġɽòԼͳʯеά֣
ҶƸûзκεΪоЩа嶼ͻƲˡ
ȥ϶ǲеģۿľ׿ҪֲסˣҶͻȻһ񱩵Ĵ𣬺˲ͷųΧ˲䱻һ룬عڰ
ôܣ
ҶƲŵĺͷų㹻Ӵģֻôһ˲ʧӰˣǱЩаȫˡ
аǿѾǿһٽˣǧҪȥԿǣɽæѵ


604 
ΪʲôҶҧгݵʵҲѾоŵĸоˣаŨԽԽˡ
аڵаһ޴ĺһޱ޾ͷųһˮת˲䱻յѵб³ôɽҲѾܵ˴˿̵Ĵ
Ҷһ㶣ֲֽŶסˣԭӴаڶ̶ֳȵа۰
ô˵ĻӲȻǲˡ
ľҲֲסˣֱ͵رаɵˣһͷѣѪĽ

ľʹĺţһ˲ҧסءԲԼ˱˵ĺȡ
ҶһӼˣľ״翴ѾǼֲסˣʵȻǿһЩҲֻʱѡ˭ôһֱȥɽԼ޷ֵİɣ
Ӧô졭ҶƲϵ˫֮Ѿһ˿ŭѪɫ
˫֮˲ӳһɺ˿Ҳʩչˡ
ûʲôãӴı֮Ҳ˲䱻аɡ
ʧˣ
·һ㣬Ҷҧأһ糯ȥ
ɵһʱ򣬱Ӵޱ޼ʵĺɫû
Ҳʧˡ
䣡
Ҷƺɤ֮кĸ֣аħһһ˲ʩչûʲôôֻߵа漴иаٴԣ
꣡
Ҷ˫Ѫ죬Ѿǽ߾ȫˣаûκΰ취̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
ͷɢ˫Ѫ죬˿̵Ҷƾһһ㣬·ʧȥκǣֻôһĿ꣬ǽЩаɢ
ˣ
Ҷ˲ƺ뵽ʲôȻаôһֶǾû취ɣ
뵽ҶҲǹһ˿΢ЦƽһԼؿڵŭһһӴڿϢ
ڵ̫࣬սʱҶƾżϢһΪܹӴ˲˵꣡
Щ̬аӦ޷ܵסӴ
һӴƴӿͷų
໣
һҶͷԲε˲ͷųԲβϵĳɢȥΪӴ˿η塣
˵Ҳ֣Щаһ㣬͵ֱ̬Ӵɢ
аֱ֮ӳһƬգٴγ֣Ҷʮҵа˳ȥ
ľ׸ɽҲǿЩĸϵҶԣҶƵϢԣ˲ûиоΡ
򲻶ϵ˲˶ʮףаһӱ˳ȥ
ԭЩаѾǴﵽһٽ㣬аĶаһƿ˵ˮ¶һ˿Ҫȥ
Ǵ˿ҶƵϢӲһƬаԭڵаֻܼɢаͱˣ
Ҷƾ޴ϢĴ߶֮£аŨȼӡ
˲ʮףΧĿռ俦꿦ȫѿ
Щаʵ޷ѹ˲䱬ը
䣡
аڳƵıըﲻܿ죬᲻ɴݵаⲿȻѿһϸСѷ죡
ǧﳤ̣Ѩ
ǧҪСһ˿ѷ죬аŨȵļӣаѷ֮ɢȻѷҲ˼ԽԽ࡭
꣡
аѿ˾޴ѷ죬а
¡
һ죬аȻֱӱը
׸ߵӶʼѣпαǷ֣λһһ飡
˽Զ𺳵ĿһУҶȷӦ˲˳ȥҶԶ˺аҪˣ
ɽľŷӦѸٵӳа֮С
ӳˣͷĿ׸ߴаһըѣӴа磬ҲޱȺΰ׳۵ĳˡ
ͷըβаȫʧֻʣһʮľ޿ӣǱըµĺۼ
аôаűˣǻûҵγȥķ
⡭ľ˿ĭѵʲôЦ
ͱˣ
ǻûҵȥİ취Ҷüͷƺ˼ʲô
ΨɽһɻתΪϲ
ҵγȥķˣɽ
ҡҵˣҶƼæͷŤ˹ȥɽ
ɽŵԤϲĻаռŦаƻζŦƻŦ൱СǧĸƻСǧԶռӦҲˣ
䣬ͿʼϵţԶɽ¡¡ѿ޴ѷ죬Ӷ
˲ĩ֧飬ռѿ޴ѷ죬˸Ӵ׵磬磡
ˣǲҲ֮һ˰ɣΧѵ磬Щĵʵ
ͷĺˣֻѡֻбżϾСǧ磬Ҳλ棬뵣Щɽο
ȻϣһɲǣĸͬʱоһƬڰǲûʧȥʶֻо屻ռѷߡ
һ룬ĸ˸о˫˲½
ǡ
ɽɻɨܣ˫̳ž⣺ҵķ䣡ûǹȻѾˣ
ľ̾˿գΪһξҲˣû뵽ֻһռȻΣأ
ҶƵ˵ͷɨ߻谵ķڣƺûνˣǵ˷ҲѾעˣǾǡ
Ҷʼ磬νǰȥֻ͵غ˵ﴦеԪ˲飬Ϣ֮ͽȥ
ЩĲ̵ƴ磬ô᲻̫һЩ
ҶԴǳĵϵǳʲôöô˾ˣֵʲôͬģ
뵽ǳĿģҲһģ˵ͷ˵Ķԣǵȷ
ˣ˿˿Ѿ͸Ǹ޷ڲֵǰ߳ȥľЩͷ۵
˭ҪϢĳȥˣɽ˫͵ɨľ׵˫ۣһ
Ҫ߳ȥ˭赲Ǿɽƥ֮УѾĹõˡҶŽн˵Ҫأ
ǸðԼˣҪǧУ̹
˿оһ޷㷢ŭҪͨɱ¾ƽϢ
Ͼһ֮ôϢı˼ð˭жܰɣ
Ҷصĵ˵ͷһһٵӢۡԡͬ


605 ѪȾ
ɽΪĵ˵ͷƿ˳ȥ
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һʱ䣬Χڿɽ֮һ˿ŵĹâ漴ȫ˳˼
ɽȴǿΪ׵˺ıߣԼʣҴΣΪθһıң
Ϊ׵˻һ˫֮һ˿⣬㾿ʲôˣȻðѾȥ˵ϳɱ㣡
˵ţıĳ߳־һƣĽŲϵѣ𺳵Ĵȥ
ЩҲǽԶһԵĳ߳ݺɽҲһݣ˿ûа취ֻƴ
ȥˣıûѡɽģȥͨεĳ
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˵ţһȭҳ֮˲ͷųöĿĹ⻪˲£γһ޴ȭͷ״壬˲佫ıһֱۺ飡
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ٴͷųȥ߰˸ɼֱը飬ԪҲҽɢϢ֮УһЩ¼ǿܹϻǲסѪ
˺һĻ䣬ǿվ˸⻹ô򣿻ûʼѾ˴룡Щ˶ҶƵսò¹ĿҲ쳣ء
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ҶЦһսѹϼɣǰЩ˵ĹƿֲȴδУֻ΢̣͸ȵĲм

ҶƵıЩ̰ĵļһԽŭ乥Ȼ£һٺɱ
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һ顣ϳ¹Ҳǲֶߣ޳һʮʮ٣֪ǰǸεĳǼðġ

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һֱɽŵطҲĵơ˿ǱƵ˾ʹ

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꣡
Ʊ˲նΪɢؼ䡣


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ΣҶֻ֮ܽ鲼ȫҲǿ࣬ҲࡣղˣϾԷɰҲһܹ׵Ĵݻķˡ
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ϵǡûϣôɽЩĿͼһۣƺоԼµڱϵĳߣڵҲѸٵĿݽš

ҶƺǺĲ鿴ʲôæϲǻϣûнֻȫֻһƷ
ΪӵϿһ֮⣬ҶҲĴϵûȫĳϵ֮ǰʹóĻмǿķġ
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˸еֵǣҶƲûнеĿռжȥǽУķ׵ĽҶƵƻƣɫѪҺ
ѪҺڵ֮ϣ񱩵ֱӽҳһӣ
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໣
һ͵ҶƵ֫˲仯ΪצҲɫϸܵǣһβ͵һ񱩵;
˫֮˸ǹĮȻ֮ɫƺһжĮġ
ӣµ߲мĸΧһУһƣ߹ƣ

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ǰ޹˰
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סˣû뵽иԭôã
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610 ִӵ
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١ҲмɰɡĺǿҶһ̾


611 ִ֮ǿ
ҶƼæͷɨӣֻͬ񹬷װվźߣһĮȻ֮ǰˣѾӵ·ݺݵ˳ȥ

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Ҷļ򣬰οĺˣѾûʲôˡ
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˵ţٴοȳһ̯Ѫͬʱ³ĻһɫӲ顣
ǶҺĸԴˣѾųˣҶָǺɫӲܵӦûʲôˣ
ɫĺ·ǾסӴһ㣬ٴλΪԭ͡
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ǵѨϲޱȵ磬ҸоڵĶȫųˣҵʵƺҲ˵õߣѾмɵΪˣ
ˣҲַڵѨϣĸһ£ɵϲüҡ
ҶҲ΢΢ЦţƺҲǵϲøȾˡ
˶٣ӶҶʹ˸ɫ˽ԶϬ߳ɽڡ
һԣӸӵĿҶƣҵܵܣֵǷһ飡˵ɣҪʲô
ʲôҶЩյͷѨҲΪĵΣΪԼ׾ʹ
ǰѲҵܵܣֻһʱôƺҶҲһ˿ĲΣǵ
Ҷҡҡͷ׼Դǵľܾ˲ͣסˡ
ԼӦþҪ뿪ˣ뿪޳ǣ̽Ѱǿİء
ô죿Ϊ֮ʥģⲻᱻһЩĵ죬Լ߱ƾʵôʵԱأȻԼûŮ֮İ飬Ǹ黹еģϾһôá
ԭǿһ㣬ûзǷ֮롣
Ҷһתƺ뵽ʲô΢΢һЦЦʮֹ죬ͷһ
˵̬֮²ܱ̫ö԰ɣҶֻֻ˴꣬Цеʵӣ׼ɻµЦ滢
ǵģΪյ޷ֲĵ޷̫ãʵʵĻش
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617 
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ãҶƹһЦһ仰֮죬֮ʥԱ죿
һֿ׳յҶƣڿЦ֮ʥĿνĶ̶ȡô˵أ൱еĺ˰ɣ
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ңҶԳЦЦҵ;ǳ󺣣ҲĳһطõĴȥⲻҵԸðգ̼ҲҪ׷ǿʵʶ磡
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ͬʱҶƷ·Ϊչʾʲô̧֣һӴ׵Ȼ䣡ҶƵһץҲٵĻΪޣ
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ƺΪ֤ԼĻԼ֮вûκεĲôƽˮ·ϵһ㣡
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ǰһƺǷʲôһŴ֮£Ȼڷһöʯɫ֪Ʒʯǿ˼ٱûм̺Ũʯ
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Ҷƴ˿Ѿǲ˵ص֮У̾һ֪Ҳ֪Ҫһʲô̬ȥԣǲΪá
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619 һ
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Ҷ뿪޼ҡʵתһɲǣεѾۿ֮Ҷ߳޼ҵ˲䣬Ѿˡ
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֮ĶҶ䵭̬ȣһұˡ룬̫ˡ
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620 
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ڴɽ֪ŵλ֮ҶҲͺĸ˹Ϊô˵һŵĳҲѾһܻĵزˡ
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˶ŵһӣӵ¼ɵʵ˴γ׼ȥһЩǰ˭֪ûɽű㱻һ굲סȥ·
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˶һưǵȻǺˣΪţ
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ôʲô˶üëһ壬䶢ӡ
΢΢һЦûж˵һ仰ΪеּǣûҪ˷ϻ
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ղŵҸûиоֵѵƾٶȴﵽ𣿲Բܣ
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мҶϣ漴ûκεķϻҶֻһΣ˶͸оӱסˣӱͨ졣
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ѣҶƿ˵Ŀͷֻ֣ľΧһС
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ԷҶʱ鼫ΪأиǲǿϢмɵΪ˾Ȼս˵˭ΪϤ
ҶƸ˵ϻվһԷȥӴ˲ŰٶȶԷͬӦֻһʹ漴Լٶ⣬龪ֵͬʱһԹĿҶơ
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˴һ֪ƸԼԵֵţ͵һҧ˫ӭȥмʵȫռѣΧ˲۶ϣΪ֪ʤһ֮С
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Ҷƴ˿̵ս㵥ϼɣҲʤӹ㣡


621 
ǽٶȻûӰӰʵգۼ䣬ӰҶǰһ׷ԲԣƮݣ絶ҶϣߵҶƣ
ҶЦһʮֲм˭ĿֻϹĻòҪǿͷ
Ҷ˵⻰ʱĿһ˿˿â漴ָֻ仯ȴӲҶƵ۾
ߣһ¼ʵСӣҲʸǰһߵ
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ûκԥӭ˵һƴȥһȻδȫȴҲĿռݣ
ͷɫݺݵĳ˵ȥ
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ҶƿҲ͵ػӳһӴĻ棬ˣ
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֪ΪΣͻȻо˫ƺڵ֮һ㣬Ҳƶ˰֣
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ҶƵԪؿѾﵽ˹ޱȵľˣֵٶȸûб˲

Ӿֵ̧ͷŻѾӭһ˲ճ˽̿
ڵԪֱӳҶȴûκθϾɱ˼ʵ̫ˣ᲻ҶƵԪӴܳȥ
˵һߣҵĿֻϹǼȻҪƽ޹ʵĻҾͲˣҶ
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գҾţȮҶһһٵ˵ÿ˵һֵʱ˫֮еɱ֣
ðϷҪţһЦԭ鶯˫˲ãɲǼ͸һ˿ΪԵаҲ¶һ֮ɫ
Ҷüͷһ壬ͻȻоЩԣϢڻţ
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һɱϢԳ͸漴һЦҶһȥǰһצȻͳһն
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ߣ
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籩еķ಻˸о䶼ˡ
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͵һ֣ǿֲ籩Ҷƹȥ֮ѣʯԼԭŻڵصĵӶ˷籩Уתۼ䱻֫飬Ѫ죬Ĵɽ
ѪһĻǳȴǹЦзųĹʣƺ龰ӵ˷ܡ
ҶĿһ䣬籩Ϊ죬оһ˿ΣյϢƼ䶸Ȼâ˸һĻ
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ǳһƵϷ籩Ҳе㱾£ǽһУϷεֵ
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ҶֻѪܿƵĴҴţ䣬ӵͼĻҪ¡
ӷӿ˲ӿ˲ռգ
ôһǣҶ΢΢һƺǿռ֮ٵһ㣡
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ӵͼڳͷ޴ˮŰأ֮ҶƵӰǴǰһֻϣ˿ûкҶͷųȥͬţ뺣˿ķӦ
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ϷҪĿƵһУôûᵽʱֹ¼޿У
ҶƲûΪ֮зһ˿֮ɫĵ֮ϣһɫϢ


622 ֮
ȤȻˣôټˣ
ҶƲмҡҡͷеɫϢ͵س֮еĴӶȥ߶ϵ

űŵϢֶߣ˸ȻѾʮ꣬˲෹ֵĻ⡣
˵ǱһҶƵһģҲ𺳲ѡ
һƬ֮Уһר־ıĿһɹɾӨ˿һΧ
˻
͵سһҶ۾ɫ֮һһ죬ҲŤſ³һںɫѪ
ɫѪϣʱشƬڻȻɫѪҺĸʴԼǿ

Ҷ˿µ֣ɢаƺǼٳͬͬԴҽͻƵмɵƽɢûʱǲȬģ
վҶչһ壬ӦùȥʮˡʮҶһֱڴˣ˳ͻƾ硣
֣֡Ҷҡͷԣ˼ڤ뻹벻һͳˣΪλӵа
ͻȻҶ뵽նУڻնеʱһӰǹɽ硭йˣƺǳаһ㣬Щˣһģһ
ҶԴյı۾ЩҲûйϵȻ벻ףǾͲҪˡ
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ۿΣԽԽҶǹճһĨЦ⣬ɣÿֻø죡
һһ׷׷ӣգӳǧѪ೤û˿֮⣬ҶеɱԽԽǿ
ȻҶ͵ͣȵȻӿ˲ֱֻۣʱһǴȥӿΣһĳմѿ
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໣
һ춯صĲҽ֮ʵ̱ȥ


623 
ҶƲмҡҡͷ֮ϣĺһϼʵޣ˶ѣ
ȷϼʵޣǰҲֻͲһ㣡
ĵţޱ޼ʵأҶҲΪо˿ҪͻƵϢԲרطıչء
Ҫȥ³ǿһǸСǾô𣡡Ҷһ˿⣬ս˫ȭ
뿪޳ǾΪ׷ǿľ磬ĴȻܹٵļǿΪƽʱôչ޷ﵽľ硣
ӿռָ֮һ㱡ƤֽƤֽŲȶϢһۿȥ֪Ƿ
ܿģƤֽͻȻһ˿Ӵİɫ壬ڿγһͼΡӿݣעŸɫĵ
һĶ񹬵ͼʮ׼ȷĺö
ҶƽҪ뿪ʱɽ͸ĵͼΪҶز죬ټĶ񹬵ĵϾ·һͼȴܺõĸָ˷ֱܹʱ˿ĵλ
ڵλáҶƵʲôܿͼ֮ҵһɫС㣬Ǵʱ˿ķλ
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ЩޣֻΧ棡ԽǽӽģԽпܴŸǿޣ
ɭɭ֣ïܵڽȫڵںݺԭеĹ߼ΪҶɴ롣
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ϴҶʵһɹɷùζУҶƲü塣ľûҶӵģĶǺɫɣΪ졣֮˴ϵҶģһɲԤܸоʲôҪ
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ͻȻһҹɰ̶ĹЦҶһ䣬ͼǰԶһӰ˻ޣ
ÿٶȣҶһݣٶȿҪԼòˡɵöƬ˼־裬ֻ˾һпĥԼ뷨û뿪˼֪ǰѰԾȥ
ܿҹɰĹЦһδ漴һɱȻǰӿƬֵ֦Ҳ͵ر紵ö֦
һ˲ҶֻһǱˮȫ͸˶ߣǺ衣
ǿɱҶüͷһ壬ǰһģĺӰһ漴ձһֻӴľѣԼͷ­
ߣװŪҹ
Ҷƴŭ͵ؽ̺ڵ֮ϣ͵سΣԶ˹ȥΧƺЩֱ۵ĻӶռҲѿ
һһɿը³һ޴ĿӶҶ飬ɢʮ׷Χľɷ׷ɵľм
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ֻһ֣оӰĹֻ൱мɶѣȴΪ죬䲻̫ǿҶܸоһ˿ΣԡΣյϢǴӰģ
ԣҸոо޵ϢǰˣҶаѵΧһǿޣ
þûмˣ˴ЦһͬʱȻһźɿݶצһӱ㽫ռ˺ѣҶЦһĳһɾǿһֻ˸ǿ͵նǺӰצӣ

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ҶѪֶΣҲʣ˸оֽűƺһҪǣ

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ŵ治ѿ֮·ڵܽʼཹཱུģ˿ͷƤ飡
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Ҷƻת˲䣬֮µܽʼϵķţƺʲôţ

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һ˲䣬ӴѾ𣬰һι״һͬ˸߿ʯ֮ϵҶƣ


628 ֮
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629 ƺƴ
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ҶƲмҡҡͷԸһ˿ܻãҶǰЩëʴһ
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ƾļӲ̶ȣ³˺˭Ҳǰɣ
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Ȼղ˻ʱʵķɣȫˣ
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ϣҲˣһַŭӶҶƣ˫ȭ߬ýģ޲ʳѪ
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Ҷ͵ػӶ˻ʱʣǰռ䴦дһĪѶķģ˻ʱ֮ҲǷΪҫ۵ĴƬ⣬Ƭռڲϵţ
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һ֮Ҷ΢ЩһƨȥʱĸǿսѾľڸ߶ȽŵıԵˣʱʱ̶̿Ҫǿ״̬ڷ˲䣬һ糱ˮһӿ
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ڵﵽһٽʱҶƽȫȫ˾֮УѪҺ֮УƤ֮Уװʧһһ
ͬʱҶƸоľҲڿٵţܿͻмɣԽԽŨҲܸоڵԽԽʵ
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ҶȻԸǲûе԰ĳ̶ȡ
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Խһɽ˼·̣ɽˮԶԶĿһڴ֮ϵĳǳأ
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ҡҡͷҶĳųŴȥ


633 ƽ
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ԶŴ޴ȥװƷ˸̾³ǵĻ
ԶԶȥȻһ˼ĸо
³ǲΪ֮һ֮޳֮𰡣ҶƸ̾ţӿôһͷ
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³֮Уÿһݶôĸߴ󣬿㣬ҶƶһĿϾӵĸо
λѣ㿴ɽ⣿һ׽һʮƷƽһͼȥ֮󣬿Ըͼڳƽ󣬼ȡԶУҶŤͷȥʱһͻȻ
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Ȥȥˣ


634 ֵ
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635 Ѱҽ
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ҽҶƣҶ΢Ц̧޹ǵ֣˲䣬Ҷɫ֮һ˿죬ȵ̧֣ͷŮ¶ִ󲹵ĶһǣȴǴ֮Գǿ֪СΪʲôֲζ
ף˫˲ɴ󣬲˼ʵȻôࣿ
Ҷĵ˵ͷʶһ±ӣ̾˿ϣֶֶȴ÷ַΣյʱĽֶмںһ𣬾ͻ˲仯ΪǿĶɢֶΣֶΰ
һҲǳԾŴͣ˵
Ȼĳ˫֮һ⣬Цѵ
ҶƵ˵ͷȵһ˿ʣȻҶⷽҲԶһЩҽĴʦˣ
Ȳ˼½ǣˣֻԶƤëѡ
ҲҪȥڴȥ𣿡Ҷɻʵ仰˵ڣҶƾЩˣⲻŵʵ
ȴʮĵ˵ͷǰΪͦаġϾһƷҲ˽ŵ͵˳
ΪʲôҪأѵǲҶʵ
ҲԭǸС壬ﶼϲͷ¶桭Ҿմڼ̫û˼ˣ͵˳³ǣͼǸʾҾȥڣһ£
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ҶһߵָѾԶȥˣƲѵ˵ǣǵˣҲ֪Ǳǣ
ȵ˵ͷС˵Ķ԰ǿ߰ɣ˵ţҲǿ첽Щ׷ȥ
Ҷεʼ磬Ҳ׷ȥܹоȲҽ߳ȻҲǸöĸ֡壬Ҳʲô֮
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ԶԶĵڶĺ棬һûһ졣
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ҶҲǿЦѣʵҲµҪأ
ȿЦЦ֪ҶڿЦΪʱҶûаֵĻңԵ࣡Բһé®ĲӦӵеǣаٷְٱʤİգԲԵ˴䲻̩ɽǰɫ
˵Ȼս֮ղҿǶˣһϮ㣬Ҫܷôµ
ҶԴ˼ʵҸղҲǸоԼʲôͻȻֵĸоĺѵáηηŴʧλĻһβ֪ʲôʱˡҾ͹ϵѡΪɵˣûг͵Ϯ
ЦЦ㲻ɵɵأ
ôţܿ˿Զڵľ޴ͥ
ΰЩ̵ĽҲʮֵĻ̾Ϊֹ
ʲôˣ
ڵס󲿶ӣʱڣڵҲʮŵ˻ԴҲʮֵϸ
ǴģǷΪϱҲˣʲô˼ڵĵ£ҲһЩʮֲĺ
Ӷһۣæȥˡ
ܿ죬ڳһλ׷ɣߣڶһȭλŷϧڵĶϣе½⣡
ŷϧڵĶϣ˿ڵڵ϶ͽܣŷϧӭҲǸӡ
ǿŷϧԳһҲЩηıȭ
ŷϣʲôʱҵȽȥǿǿ˸ʾר̶ģ⣬Щװɣһ˸Ҿ
ȻȻǿͣȻûвÿ˵ŵĵλ룡ŷϧ΢΢һЦüͷϵչ࿪óһ·
ЩҲĽڡ
Щ˽ȥŷϧҲ˿һֱŵҲƽԵĵӵȥûŵļϸ


640 Ŷ
ǵӼæͷȥŷϧɫ֮һ˿п֮ɫҲǿ첽˽ȥ
ڣλŮӸæһ߳Ȼһ˹Ҷʾһ£ǰ·
ĸŮҶĿɨʴĽõ΢΢ͷ׿˵ھҲһˣŲ֪Ҫǿ˶٣
ȸܵҲ̲ס̾
ڰɫʯ̾Ͷɵĵ·֮ϣҶȻ΢΢ĸо֮УԴԽӽһ޵ĿԼʶǴһЩεĽԼһһС
ҿδذɣҶƵȶԵ
ҶƲ̧ͷĿһ֮ϣһЩڵӰӣ֮УһͿ˺ɫⷴķ⣬ڴƶţκһ紵ݶõ˲佫ʹ﷢
ȻȻɭϰ
Ҷüͷ΢ţεҡҡͷڸѾǲˣһʱڣȻҪʱʱ̷̿š
ƺǵһ㣬Ҷ̧ǳСͷһĿ͸ڵĴţܹƺվŲˡ
ˣЩŮɫ䵭ȥ
ЩһͬҲǿ첽ȥڵ˽š
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ǵҪǣɼǿ߲ſԳԡ
Щʧɲɵ֮¶ϣ¶Ƚº͵ЦݣЦλѣҲܷǴϵĶصİɣ
ҶƵ˵ͷûп˵òԵЩ䡣
ȷе˵ˣ˵ţҶƴݵָָȡ
Щ𾪣סûš
ҶǽĮı΢΢㶣Ƭ̺ɤӣЩζѣұȸ㣬ǴϵĶǳǿʵɵĻܽܶķɣΣյģԣѶ࿼һ£
Ȼ˵ĺί񣬵˼ȴȷǾǡʵˮˡ
ҵҪʹõľʲôĶ
˵ʱ˫֮зųʣƺǼš
Ŷɢ˵ֵʱɫԱһ£ȻҲ¡
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Ҳ̧ͷԴһ˿εŶɢûκΰ취ֻƾڵǿѹǴɱⶾĥʹֻܹ
ʵظʵûκιϵҶֵ̯̯Ҿǿԣ㲻Ҫκһ˿ᡣʵһУڵǿʤҲûⶾôǣ˵ܹϵĶأ
۾ģĵͷŶɢûȫɢĻҵ߳ɵİܹκã
ɫһ䣬ɵЩ̧ͷҶһۣͣƬ̡˰κҧҧÿ
λѣɣϣܹǴϣĻڵѣ߶ҶƸ΢΢ϹҲǱù˲١
΢΢˵ͷҶȻǸޱģûжٷϻ첽ǰȥҲǽҶ󣬰ԴһӣҲ֪ʲô
ſ֮ǰҶͬжЩˣҶƿǣһ𻺻
Щޱ𺳵ĿҶƵıӰ˽ﴫһЩ͵͵˽
Щ˽ԶЩ⣬ΪʲôڻʵƽƽĵȽȥ
֮ǰҶ龰ĿڣܹҰĵطȻޣҲû˸
ƿţڵȻֹȻһĿͶ˴Ŵ˵ĿɨҶԼȵʱ򣬶ɵһ㶣졣ȻǶЩ֣ɼ˶ѣҲʸ
ɶ޲ߵĶأʲôأ
ҶƵĿ⻺ڴɨڿĴУʮλɼǿߣɫһеľ̾е𺳣еǲм
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ҶƽҲ̧ͷעҶԼȡ
ԼҸλ°ɣӲûʲô顣
ҶûйЩعͷʾһȣԼȻһ΢ЩĿеλã£Ȼ֪ЩĿʲô˼ǿ߶ûа취⣬ɣʲô
ϣҶƱ˳ĬȴȻܹĸоӵĿ⣬ƺԼͣ˲̵ʱ䣬üͷ΢壬а˭ƺݵλͦߵġ
ҶߣҲЩµĿΧЩһۣջĿ⡣
ִɼǿߣǸҶһͬģֻˣʣµĺǶ档
ҲĹϣһʱеʮֳšһڵ϶ġ
λһƺҪ˵ʲôͷ͵ر¶ڽĿԼŭ
꣡
صĴ˼˫ֽץסε࣬Ѿ߬ķ顣
һԵŷϧȻǷʲôæվִֵλҲ⡣ܴҲڸſսˣһΣպյġŶɢԱʵ֧ŲסʹǽѹסǶأȴȻ޲ߡţλȻҲȻŸԶصı£ԣλԣŷϧһȦЩͳ
ϻҲ˵ֻҪλܹǴκã귽棬ԲøλʧƷһŷϧʮ
ŷϧæתӶԵ˵ʲô
ŭŷϧĻҲصһɫתͷȥ
Ҷʮɻ󣬸ԵȶһۣԶܶԷеĲ⡣
ŷϧǺܸߵģҪСĵĶԴӣôӾʲôݣӦѾ֮ˡ


641 ޲
ȻӾڵ
ϾϣԳ漣ɣŷϧָŴһŴϣ֮ƺǱж졣
ŷϧѾˣڵʮλǿ߶һۣƺǻǫš
Ƭ̺һλͷ׵ߣЦеվ߽֮
Ҳ͵վһͬ˽ȥŷϧ״ҲҡͷЦûκΰ취
ʱһһĹȥڵ˶оЩţͷҲ顣Ǵ˿̵ǼΪӵģһߺ߽κãԼƷԵһǺֵԼʱԼǰŶɢ޲ߡ
ôḴӵ飬ÿ˶Ŀ֮С˺ܶࡣ
ȻʮӺȴҡͷ˳ϣһεڨЦǸŷϣʵû취Ƕʵ̣ƵʮζȫûκЧ
⻰ŷϧһԵڵĳϽԶʧ̾һ˴˶һۣЦҡҡͷ
ԣ
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һվҶƿˣƺϤӣ˾³Ҫռϱ˵Ǹˡ
ϴЦ˽ȥߵϴߣ˲סˡ
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ڴϴߣһӣʮĿ£Ҫ´ϵ·ӰָСԣӰжϣ
˵ţҲɫΣЦȥҪѴϵ·
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ȴϣɫѾȫ࣬˫ȭ߬ģҧء
㡭˵ʲôɫ֮мĸ֡
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ҸBһҰŭ˲䱬ˣ͵һϣžһ죬˰ȫ
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˿Ѫ֣Ҫʲô
ʲôҪ֮˲׳ɱ⣬ĺȫ͵ȥһǿסˣ˲伷ѹȥ
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˶ĲҽУһҲ֪澿ʲô顣
Ӵ߳ɫһ
ޱȣһͬӲվе㡭㽫ôˣ
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һ£Ҿãǿԡ
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ƽõôΪ֮Ŀ
Ǵӽл߳ĵɣڵ˽㶣ǰλЩ޲ߵ϶ʱЩЩɶûа취ԿǶأһɣкͨ챾£


642 
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֮ǰӴ˵߼æŷϧԣ˵аκôϡ
ŷϧЦѣģ˭аκôϵģأһ޲ߣ
˵ʵڵģλʵûʲôġ
˵˲ò࣬ɶɶԷϾֻϼɣֵȼ嫡ѵָܹһɣܹɶ޿κεĶô
λѣ㡭
վŷϧȻвôΪǰصı£ǽλаϵĶô
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ŷϧ˵ͷ֪СӺ«ﵽʲôҩ
ΪϼɣʵǿܹǰŶɢ𣿡ҶƺϬʵ

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ѵ˵ʲôظʵ޹أ΢Щ
΢΢죬ŷϧıֻ֪̽һǰ˵ĵףȴû뵽ȻϬЩֲһʱ䣬Ȼ֪λػźá
ȴˣϲǣֻǴԽԽѾûжʱȥģȻҪСһ㣬벻Ҫ⡣֮ǰҶƺȽϴźƵЦ⡣
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ȻĴҽȴֲǣʲô˼˫˸ŷŭĻ棬ҶҲ΢΢Ȼ
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⻰ڵʮλǿߣɫɵѿҶ⻰˵ǰǣ˷ŴϽʣĴʱ䣡
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ǰӵĮһűһˣŷϧҲǲɲ΢΢壬б£˿һЩϾǰˣǲûʲôȴƫƫϲ죬ôˣǴĵ׵
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ţҶѾ˾֮ڣʱѾֹ۵Ĺˣһʱ취ųѾǱĽˣָϰ˰ҡͷ
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չڵ״ҲǳȵԺ֮СӦЩںڵĹŶصľüͷ𽥵
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ҶΣֻܽӹǼҩģȻľ֮ľ飬ǺģԶǴ֮
ҪԶˣ


643 Զ
ܿ죬ľ֮еɲݾѾ飬Ϊ˽״һҶƺȻ㣬ǲ۲۵ĶҩǵɼˣһҲᶾ
Ƚϵƽɫׯ£κεĵһֻ˴ϵ죬һָֻס룬͵ش˴ϵǴ
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ɫصҪʼǿеڵĶˣܻеʹһҪס
۾˵ͷ
ָ΢΢룬ʱñ˿˿ͨ⴫ڡ
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ܿ죬ϵüͷҲչӷ·ڵʹȫʧȻǾĹˡ
ָȦȦ͵ؽ˳뱻γ˲䣬һϸ΢ĺɫϸС۴ð˳ɢ˿С
һĻѾ߶ȼУæתͷң
ҶƼæѾɺ״ĸҩ˹ȥȽӹþǸҩմһ£ٴηٵԫѨ֮У
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Ȳ룬ַǶѨλжϺʱİգѾԳƵ˫ˣҽһǴСģ
ȵıӰҶԽԽԼˣˣôƽأν壬ҲֻһϺõ˵ǶѰɡ
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ŶԣһԫѨһϸҩ˲˴ϵľڣԭİŶɢĶؿʼ˾ҵ
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ϻͷҲ˴ĺ飬ɫ΢ЩŤڳżʹ
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ҶɫעǸˣʵҲоǿ֮Ȼչȥ᲻롣
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һУҶֱͦţȻĿʣɡһ˿м


650 ż
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ܲǣҶ΢΢һЦ۵ȴûκЦ⣬ȫ֮ɫ
Ҳֻܻˣ
Ҷɫ͵һ䣬ӴɱͻȻϡ͵Σ˻ʱ糤۾һ㳯˵ȥ
꣡
˾ѱûκηӳʱ䣬ͱҶƵ˻ʱֱӴ͸壡
̣
˲˻ʱ֮ųӴƣ˵˲ըѿ
ʣ˸Ҷƶһۣһ˲оƺҪȥҶ˫֮еȫֻп˵ʱŻ֡


651 һΪ
Ҷڼ˻ʱ֮󣬾Ѿȡ״ָ̬˳̬
˿̵ݵվһ˫˸ž⣬Ӣûκα飬ֳֽɫ˻ʱʣͬս·
ʵ˱Ҷ˻ʱһɱ˲䣬Ҳ֮ʧȥκεֿĶ־˵ʵҪôҶƵĶ֣¾ҶƴƣҲֻǰװѡ
˲ҺһŤͷܣ
˷ֱͬķȥٶȷɿ죬̵ľʹˡ
ʲôƨµסҪģ
ҶƲûξȣֻǾĿǷֱܵˣ̾һջ˻ʱʡ
ܵ˵ıӰҶķԴ΢ЩǵһһٵҲҪƣҲĻǾͱӮˡǴӼβͿһ𣬾ѾעΪɥ֮Ȯˡǣǹ͵Ҳֻǰ㹶ˡһأ
ٶȺܿ죬תۼѾʧʴҶҲѹûȥ˸ϾɱΪ˵ǣѾûκսˡ
ɱң㣬ǧɱң
ʱһ氵дҶƵ˼Ҷ̧ͷ֮ǰԼ˻ʱͱǸ˵Ԫ񡣴˿Ҳû֮ǰֺǱÿ⣬һֻ͹һ㣬ҶƵĽ£ʮֿĿҶƣֻϣܹһ·
Ҷ΢΢һЦĿˣղõǸżΡ԰ɣ
˼æͷ絷⡣
ܺã㽫żεĿھңһῼһҶ۾ϵ΢Ц˲ܹ뵽ħ
˺òܹһݣȻεץסšæվھһһʮȫҶơ
ҶưԽھҲޱȵ𺳡żΣһּԵܹӳеܹɱͬ˵Ĵڣ
нھĬ˼飬ȷԼѾȫ֮ҶҲǶ¶һζЦݡ
ϴſɫϾ٣ֻҪްͿµԪǿľʶɢˣ
ܹżλԼҲʮԸģ
һ˲䣬ҶһŨɱҪ˲ɱԪ񡣵ǲ֪ΪΣͣסˡĿһᣬǰ˰ֵȻ˵ˣ߰ɡһûиı֮ǰ
Ԫ⣬æתȥߡ
ҶıӰ̾˿ɱ֮ĵȻҲô
ֻԼĳŵˣҶҡҡͷԳЦЦȻֻǸԼҸοѡ
˲֪ǣΪҶƵһΪƣס
һᣬһöƷʯڵҶ³³ȥ
ϾϾҪٰˣҶƿûԼĳԣԼһοɾǳ³ǵģϣܼʶһЩڲͬĶɣ
һϽֵҶҲһġЩǿʵǲƸˣһ˼ȡѰ֡ǡǡҲҶݵģ
뵱磬ȻҶλȨأȻʱ޿̼Ŷ׷󡣲ûΪ縺ϵģһֽεĶ
ͷͦءҶƳ³ǽȴģǸӴ̼;
˰ʱ³Ѿˡ³ǻֺĽҶҲҡҡͷС
ΪҪղžУҶҲż˸Ƶס£һӲˡҹҹսѾľĹˣڵҪú˯һϢһ¡
ǴǣķҪ޳ھƵķҪóԵĶࡣҶҲ˫۷⣬ȷסˡ
ҶƵķƵˣһٷ˲һöƷʯǾֵõģΪ̺ⷹȴȥһöƷʯҪˡһһڸֶΪأ
Թ֮ҶƸоޱ޼ʵľϮߵ¥ϣҲǿ˸Ϣʮ־ģΪûʲôв£ҲС
ͳ˻ʱڷıԵ̻˼ι״ķģҶų׷ɣһĴϣͷ˯
˯֮ǰҶƺ뵽޳ǵǸСӡ뵱ԼҲ̰Ĵ˯ŵģЦǵԼûзЦ󷽰
Ҳ֪ôˣʵûǲǰȫ᲻͵Ҷͷ컨壬־ȴԽԽģ
һʲôģΪѨֵܵʵҲǸǵãӦǴ´ˣҶ˯ǰ뷨
һ˯úʱأڶһҶƾ˴ĵһ¾ѸܵԵ鿴Щղµơ
ֲҶƲһչһӣʹʹϴ˸裬ˬ·ƿ˳ȥ
һ¥ѾΪˣһЩԶˣһɷĽ̸ʲôֻҪͿ̸۵Ļȫһᡣ
ҶƿЩ˻ڴ̸Щ֪ỹûпʼԾ¥ϢһɣԼҲ֪ôߣһЩһ߾ˡ
˸еֵǣһ¥ѾΪˣȻһλÿšöԸվţҲȥǸλӣǸλйһ㡣
ҶиоЦŲܱô룬ߵλԱߣȥ
һ˲䣬¥ڶе˶ŤͷϸĴҶƣ˵ʲôζ
ҶҲЩסˣû뵽ԼֻѣôĶ
˿Ҷ֮󣬽Զ¶֮ɫеĻĿ¶Ц
СԶİɣȻһ㶼֪
ǰǿǺүλð
СӵùˣһảүˣҵҪСô߳ȥ
Щһ˽ҰЦ¥Żգƺһ˲ٴ
ҶԼԼˡүۣԺ֮жʱֳƽ֮УǸӡƺǺذɣԼԼһμᣬֻԼܾˡ
Ҷƿɹܲô࣬˵λӾû˵ģҲܱ˵ʲôС
һݴ
СһΪѣɫͨ죬Ҷǰ֧֧˵һ仰
Ҷо֣ͳһöƷʯӸСʲô˼ΪҸǮ𣿡
СɫΪѿλүλӣǺүģҪλã
Ҷһˣ¥ѾˣĻʲôλùԼܣָͷܶĴڶСðܸҳһλõĻҵǲ𴦡


652 Ű
СɫҲһȻ³ľ¥Сģ˵۹Ҳ
һ۾ͿҶֻϼɵʵʵ³֮бضǣǲֵһСƺû˵үͷӦǸ³ǡ£̬ᣬӦһ߻˵ĸү³ǣ˭ܱȵùүأ
ӦǴС֮ûСү
ֻ˲䣬С͸Ҷ˶λ
ֻϧô꿴˵ķʽҶϣǿ¿ͷ졣
Ź˿ϵ۵СǱȽϹĵ˼ǺүλҪȥ¥ЪϢ˿λҵһʱ֪ͨ
ž
ҶƺݺݵһӣϹŲмЦۣҲ䵭ࡣ
˵һ飬һݴҶ䵭䣬˶̲ס˺
Сһ㶣ҶƵ񿴵һ飬̲סľ񳬺˳ֹס˲סŭ𣬵Ҫô
ҶʮֲмĴӱǿк߳һ̶̵ڣһһٵʲôƨүƫҪҾҪ˭ô
ãţǧߣСЦˣƺв仰֮ҲѸȥǽȥˡ
Ҷƾô棬һ˼ģƺûаЩϡĵҲþ¥˾岻ѣҲЩЦҶƣȵүˣ군ʱ
һᣬСһϵˣҶǰ
˿Ҷƣüͷ˿ǰСʲôرģһ˿ڲͬûСôƽʵϼɶѣҲӦǳէ
ϰ壬λõȷǺүרλáҪҸ¸һóλãһⵥ˲ϰģǳס
ΪԼһСĵʲô̽̽Էĵס
ҶƷ·ʲôЦЦһ㣬͵һöƷʯݺϣһһٵΪûǮ
˽Զһ̾ԶٷֻҪһöƷʯ͹ˣСӾȻһöƷʯȻǲƴ֣
ҶβϰҲѡ
ǸµҪôϰ̾˿
ҶҲǲֻǲˬС̬Ȱˡۼϰ˿ҲòҲ׼һ
λǱǸүԤôǣҾóҶƻ˵ĺףȴϰ巸ѡ
¾¥³һҾ¥үȾơÿλãԾö֮Ҷ֪£λҲû˸ȥ
ŵһǿߣ³ǣ֪˺үרλϣŵƿڴڶͲˣʧ³ڡ
˭Ǳүȥˡ
ǰӣȻһǸһޣ
ϰû˵ҶҲһЦҶƲǲˣλ类ԤˣóλҲûʲô˵ġλøûԤǺŪô
ϰƿԣɫѸٵıһ˵ͷĬĬȥ
ϰ壬ҪҪ溣ү˵СһͷĶɫʵ
ˣϾˣ뺣үҲһģЩԼȥˣǲҪ£ն
ȻҶʵߣҶƵ֮пóⲻһ򵥵
ʵڲַ
Ӧô죿СЩСʵ
ȥҪʲôʲôһֵ
С˵ͷҶһϺõıݴ
ҶƷݴҲʮ⣬ⲻ֪ڳ˿Ŀ⣬һָӵ۹⡣
ͼɣүϾҪˣһЦ˼Ťͷȥ
ûߣǶ뿴ŵСһʲô³Ϊ캣үԻ¥ģǶſϷ
Ҷ򲻹ôֻ࣬˵ƷԼıݴҲһܣյɱòܹһʱľףӦúú֮׵ʱ䡣
ܿ죬Ҳٴλָ˶ڴᣬм̸۵ʱ򣬸̲סĹЦ
ǼһЦҲ¶ֻ˲ŶЦݣһЦѡ
ûʸľģܹԶԶĿϼۣһҲǺõġ
蹻ϴҼһΣΣһƺǺȶ˾ƣЩ죬Ц
ҲԶǸţʱ¥ķΧٴ
ү
һСȴ¥ѻȸţţֻһ˽һĸࡣ
Ҷܼ⣬һ۾ϳ⺣үǵԼǸأƺĸ纣ϵôá纣Ϊ鵱һ١
ЩԼûκιϵҶ治ɫƷűݴ
سԼǸλ߹ȥʱˣѾΪһϰߣÿ¥ҪʶߵǸλ档
ƺѾռˣ
صüͷ΢΢һ壬Լרλã˶֪ģ˭ô󵨣Լλ֮ϣ
ػû˵Ѿüͷ֮϶飬æ첽͵վҶǰӸµĿҶơ
Ҷ̧ͷǰʵƺǲмɵʵ
ôҶƺǲĺȵ
ɫһ䣬ԭΪԼֻҪǰһվ˾ͻԹԵû뵽˾Ȼţ
һ˲䣬ڵҲס˺Ƕ뿴С󵽵һ³
ǺүλãԴûб¿ߵĻһ˿ںүߴˣҲһŰƢ
׻˵Ҳÿˣںүߣ³ڵ˭Ҫֱ棬ʱһԼҲоЩƮƮȻԼ˭֪ˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ̧ͷضš
˲۾ǰ˲İԼƽľԼ룬ƺû顣
زһСˣҶ֮Ҳ΢΢һЦôɣּˣ
ҶЦү
زûнʲôҲҶƵĶ棬΢Ц
ڵ˶סˣ֮еĳûг֣
ֲ˼ôţԭ˼Ҿʱ


653 ٴԼ
΢ЦҶƶ棬ҶƸһҲԼһ˻һۣԶЦ
룡
Ҷƶӣһ
ҲǺܸӣҲ
صԼүС磬ҲʮֵɻΪûмүСӽ漴ҲȻˣҲǸүߵģ˵СǺүǰء
ʱһ¥Ҳǰģû˸ҴһСǵ˺үˣԼɱ֮
¥ϰͷ󺹵ܳæߣͷүˣͰţ¶ô
ص˵ͷθ˫˷ݵģ֪¥
˵ͷ絷Ȼ˵ŻƳһҶƣдһ˿̿֡⻰˵ĺף˫˷ݵģСһ¡
ֲС޿֣ԭүʶҿԼûǰ
뵽Ҳǰ˿æתȥˡ
һĻҶҲǲݸ¥ϰԼǿؾͬèһͷʵԼȨĲడ
ҶƲûʱȥһСƽϡ
ܿ죬ϰĵľƺҲʮֵľأ˰֡һƺ˺ǰֽһҶǰŻֲ̿ȥ
΢΢һЦĦƺֳŴԵ¶ϲƷҲ¥ƣССһȴҪǧⲻص㣬ص¶ѣȻ¶ˮƣþžŰʮһֻ굷֮󣬷Ƶĵϣʮ죬Сһ
ô˵ҶҲЩȻû뵽ν¶ȻѣζҲһǼζİɡ
˵ֲ֣þһа취ûܽ¶䷽ϰùҿ˼źҲͬ⣡ԳЦЦ¾¥Ψһ¶ˡ¥Ҳҵϰ֮һ
˵ţƺҺ˾Ʊ֮СʱϢ˱ǶķΣǿ֮У·ܹ˴ʹ졣
ҶƲпǧҲƺһ¶΢΢ᣬоŨϢΧԾþòɢȥ
֮֮ǰںȹ»ƣ¶ƺҪ߳һ
ضƱºأûѵ֡
ҶƣҶƼԼҲǼæƱ
ĿԣԶ˱оƣ
ҶԵĸоˣԼ˵Լ֮󣬺һ˿⡣
¶㵭ţںе˲ȴñһͨڿУƺſ;ܹ档ǹζ̼ͷеζ٣ҶƲüͷѵĽȥ
ڽ븹е˲䣬ҶƸоͷĺˮ¶ڸоͬһŻȼգ˵ıָоɢһɸӾҵĸоϮ
ҶƸоԼƺݵսģȣڵѪ׵Ĵ߶
ҶƼҪܲסʱһ΢ϮǸоͬȵ죬һɴķ紵˹嶼΢΢Ĳ

һҶ۾ȴֺѾ΢ЦעԼˡһʱоԼҲЩʧ̬ˣæû뵽¶ͷ֮һЩܲסƷǺþƣ
ϴƽЦݣѾǲˣ뵱ҵһκƵʱ򣬲ѶĶ³ϰ¶ʱͻᰮ
Ҷƺĵ˵ͷȷղҲһַĵˬУȫԴ¶
֣ڽ³ǣӦҲΪɣϴλߵ΢ЦҶûκε֮Уú׺͡еķִʵǺѰյģǺȴյĺ
ҶûأȻԷϣԼҲӦϴˡ
ǵģҲʶһ³ڵᣬʲô챦
ûнӻԹԵĵһ¶ٴκȸɣѸٸֳһ˿֮ɫѸɢȥһܣƷζš

һ֮ɫƺǺںһֳէĹӦҲǲΪ֣֮ͨ¹ͨҪõĶ࡭
ҶһӣȻѾػ˵ʲôˣȻûдϡǶءû˭ϲ˴ԼĻġ
ȻػһתҿʵͨʵǿϧˣһμᣬΣ
һ˲䣬¥˶ŵ˹ȻӸүʶǴû˵үĸѣǲ˼鰡
Щȫ䣬еš
Ҷһ˿Ц⣬Ȼϡ
ȻԺصӡתҶƻǲ̫ϰ߸һϰ˶ΪһЩ
Ҳҽ飬ʵڲҶϴϵ΢Цעźص˫ֻϼɵʵѣߵ˵̫Զˡʵڲ֪Լʲô٣ܹõү롭
һʱ䣬¥ڶŲŵĿ⡣Щ˸ǵɴ۾ƶǺˡ
ǲɵү룬ǶӰֱӴӦҲˣȻܾ
ǰЩʱգڵĴŵİŶɢ㷢ʾؽƸҽʦƾȻİɣٴһƣϸϸƷš
ЩӺ˵ҶƵһҲ⡣Ѿ˾֪ˣһ֪Ҳûʲô
˵ĻȴҶЩΪĹͲһ˵ģȡҪǣȲȻƵˣԼֻһֵġ
ȻǫʱҶֻĽݹ;ΪС
ڻ·ϣ㱻ΧǶûл˸صĹâҶƼȤ
ҶҲͷһ¶һ

¥ڻȻһƬ˵³ǽһɱǿߣҲһĺ䶯û뵽׾ǰòӣʵֻϼɶѣ
ϼôܻԸǿأ
⻰Ǵӱ˿˵ôһ˵ӡ⻰ǴӺү˵Ļζȫͬˣ
һʱ䣬˶ĵ޲ңҺ֮ǰԼûɷǣܴܿʱ˿ԼѾ촦ˣ


654 ̹̹
ûЩģҶûκȫ̵
㲻ֻϼɶѣܹӵӴսʵɵʱǿޱ߰ɣô˵Ļ˵ӦӦ£أϴ̹ЦݣȫûиκεĸҴڡ
Ҷ۾עźءȫûκεαǰһеĶϡ
ص˼ȷǱޣҾǿǱҾ£㡭
سһʲôԵʲôģҶƻԥŤͷߡǺûУɴ˿ɼҲһˣ֪Ҷαˣǵ罫һжϣһӡ
ҶƿźأҲڿжԼ뷨
ҶҪĴӺпһʲôĿĶƭԥ뿪ǣʧˣ
Ϊȫ̹֮ɫûһ˿һҪҶ˼
˿̣Ҷƶںص̬ҲѾĸĹۣôһϵˣ
ˣҶûʲôеġ
¾ƱҶлʢҿҪʧˡ
ɴŵЦݣƺĽβѾԤϵˡ
ƢͲôˣһɷĺȵСӣʲôݣүǸӣҪҪ
û˵꣬صɫһ䣬͵վݺһƳϣ
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һ죬ӲĽ˵Ļϡ
ϸߣĿ¶֮ɫôҲû뵽үȻֽѵԼ
Բ𣡡ԴӦҲѸ٣˲ԼæҶƾһ˿κεŭ
Ҷüû뵽ؿΪƢºͣҲǺһȻûжκǾǺݺݵһƣ˲һ񡭡
ϴһ˿Ǹ΢Ц̲ܽϣּЦˣ
ҶȻ𾴣ȭ֣
ЦЦҶԼ£˵ֶΡ
ȻֲԸ⣬ǺҲǿһˣվҶƣҪߣҶҲϽ͡
ˣ֣һ䣡⿪شĶҩһŹģ֪ģžѾɳö׷ɱˣϣСģ˵Щһȭǵ뿪¥Ҳĺ档
Ҷ۾ضȻǲƭԼġҲ׷ɱԼɣΪԼƽΪĶҩĻֻҪԼͽΪŵĿǣҲֲҪżųԼˡ
λϣҶƽüͷе¶һоٴѪ
Ὺʼˣ
ֵľ¥֮У֪˭˵һһԵȫ˳ȥʮ֡
Ҷƺò״¶Ļζ֮ѣҲ۾˳һ߳¥
ʵҲϲֻĲ֪ֻܸЩһȥ
֮ڵȻ֣һ·ɽ˺ǴâǶǿɣ
һᣬɶ˹ô
Ҷƿ첽ǰţֵʵһץһѣûʲôرġҲû˵ע⡭
ƺԶͣסˣڲϵļ٣Ҷ̧ͷȥȻһ޴ͥڶڳӿȥӦþν᳡ˡ
ʵǶ࣬һмǧˣһĿΪ޳֯ǳᣬҲֻȰ˶ѣ֮£ȻǴ
ֵҶƵʱѾǴ󲿷˶ȥ֮ˡ
ŵҲ¼ɵʵȻʵǿȴŵĺܣֺһ˫۾ϵɨŽˡ
ҶƷ֣һЩڱסʱ򣬻ͳöʯͨʱͻȥɵҲһûж룬ǰѾ߽֮ˡ
Ҷƿ첽߹ȥȴס¼䲻мĴҶһЦʲôطһССĵɣҲ
ҶһüָǰˣҲǵɣΪʲôȥҾͽȥ
ʵҶһ㣬ǰ˽ȥΪǸŵ˼öʯҪ֮ϲſԽ룬Ϊ˽ңҲǽ˻¸ʲôʵֻҪ͵ʯܽȥ
᳡ôˣȥһ󲿷ʵģҲȥġ
˿ҶƲûоţѯԼҲǸоʮֵĺЦ
˷ǸһɣҲû̫ĲȥҲǰռλǮˡ󷽣ˣֻҪܸչʾһȷǾͿԿȥ
˵ĺޣ˼ȷǾǡ¸ǣܹȥ
Ҷüͷû뵽ﱻСආΪѡһʱҲйŭ޷㷢
˻ΪԼĲæöƷʯҾͷȥ
ۣҶҲЦˡ˲Ҫ洳ȥ
ŹѣȻҸҪôҶ䲻Ҳ˰Ե֮⡣˿ѾǼŭˣΪԼʵԴǵľܾԼҲˣֻ˵θСԼҲ޷ָʲô
ǾȻһҺôȥӣŭҶơ
ǳĺô˵ƷʯռָƷʯöֻǸоԼˣָоͬѹͷһʯһƵ˴
Ҳɫһ䣬Ҳû뵽Ȼ˸ҳԼ˻ֻһʵĵɣ
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ȭͷҶƵаħһײһ𣬷һ꽻˸оĤʹʮܣ
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һĵɣҪֱɱ
ʹܸһᣡʹնУлɱĿԣǲȶ̫ˡҶаţЩǲܹʾ˵ĵơ
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ҶȻʮֵߣȻԵǺ³ǳĴӡҶȴû˿η壬ͺһƽĶһ㡣
ҶƺҪˣҲǰһæĶҶƣϣܴԼһЩϲ
Ҷƴ˿ѾŭˣǸɣ
һЦʮֲмüſðҵǿʲô£
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ϵȻ󣬵Ƕںһ̫Чã˵ǰżθһЩ
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Ҷ˺һһŲ̤˵֮ϣ˲ѿһĹȻһ̺ϵΰ涼޷סĲ̤
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ҶƿûжҲ΢һżεʩչҪʱ䣬ʱڣ´ϵģżδľһ䲻⣬ԹһεҲ׵ĳµڶΡ
Ҷ˫֮ӴΪʵһ㣡ΧĿռҲ֮䶯ޱȡ
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ŤͷЦеĶǻ˻֣𼱣ȥ常׹
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Ҷɫ԰ޱȣʩչżΣҲΪʵĲͬĵͬʵϼɡҶֻһϼɶѣһ¼е
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ҶҲոջָһЩûиԿʱ֮ǰΪźĿһУ֣ҲֻżȻѡ
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664 ֻ
ػû˵һԵBè˹ϴκ˶Ϊ֮ݵЦ⣬ӰȻΪֻԴף˲󣬻˼ǲأ
˵꣬BͿֱЦӵջˡ
ԭɫøѿˣŤͷ˿Ѿ˵ͬһ㣬Ѿһˡתͷȥźŭʢ
˽ĲٶˣӺ츳ǿ²ԣϲʲô¶ȭͷڶӺأȻ츳ǿճɫ֮УƢǼõģ׵ǳˡò²⣬¿϶Ǻģ
ԼӾȻΪ˼Դףǰˡ
Ȼ֮ǰޱţԼĸǰֻܷģһҳ
ϴº͵Цݣһ㶼Ųæ
Ҷ˽˵ļƷʯ֮п۳ʮ飬޽ãУκ˵ʱ䡣
ЩģҪΪԼһЩʲôǺ͵һ۵ɹʲôӶĲ𣿡
æ̧ͣͷݺݵĵҶһۣƺĶвζתҲǻ뿪
ںвҶֻЦЦûнϡ
Ҳǣó鼫ƷʯΪݺݵ˺һۣҲʮֵĺɸ֡ʵǿǿֻ¼ɶѣ纣Ѿϼˡ
ףظˣЦЦʾҶ뿪תȥҶƽһ뿪
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Ҷʼ磬ʵĺǿǳ˼ʱϵһҪأ
ᣬǸʱûҲ϶ֹģͶҶһġ
һ꣬ҶƵͷ̾˿Ժ֮˽ǺˡӵǿʵҲӵޱصݣ˭Ϊʲô˴󷽣Ŀʲô
ղΪҲǵҶƣûȥ׷Ǻ˵ĲһЩʾֻܱˣϣлᣬܹˣǸʱǽһнܵʱˡ
Ҵ϶뾡취㣬һ覴ñرġϸĵĶҶ˵ʱ䣬סɣ
ҶƵ˵ͷҲȷ޴ȥȻضԼſ֣ôԼҲ˳ƴӦ˰ɡ
ҶܸоЩ֮ǰ֮ŵҲʮֵĲ
ĴҶϿһЩߣû̫ࡣ
֮ڣ뿪Ҳһתͷ۵оȻһ˿
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Bӣ³Уһûзֶĳ֣ǲǣԷһЩˣ
B۾ĵһЦǼϢأŹ˶ãܷ˿о裡
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BһĵӣЦͣ˸ȥˡ
ҶƸ溣أ˺صĸۡ³ĴһʮֺլԺУҲܸоķ
شҶУֵ̯̯Ҳϰ߱ҵլԺסЩ󲿷ֶǿյģԼһס°ɣ˶ԺҪʲôһͿԣ
˵꣬ش˸Ƿ߽Լķڡ
ҶƸӵźصıӰһۣһȽϿſڵķ˽ȥ
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ڴһͷ˯ȥĻָ֮ǰĵʵ̫ˣࡣЩǰ׵ĲģҪһʱľſԡ
Ҳ֪˯˶ãҶֻоԺЩ춯ƺΪҡ
뵽ҶƼæ͵վ߳ȥ
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ҶһŭҪȥ˱һһֹˡ
㲻ҪˣǺүɫ죡˺ݺݵŭ
֮ǰҪèŮҲһڨЦͷҲ亹ȻղɫĶûȻ㷸˴
ҡֻǹһѣҺүֲ˺ݺ˿ĭ²ѡ
Ѹٽ̧˳ȥһڣ⼸Ѹٵڷſڿ̻˼ƣҲǽֻ档
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Ҷ۾Ǹ뷨ʼѿͷ
ͱڣſȻһЩƣȫѲӵ˻ʱԼػҶơȫԽ뷿䣬ֻȳ
ֻ᲻ԺЩƽ˼ҿǰԼѵģԼȴ顣
Ҷ˼붷֮УɫҲһãôһ˲Ժ֮ƺͬڻš
ǳӣҶƸоһܡ
ȥˣ
Ҷɫ΢΢仯һЩ첽Ƿȥ
Ժڳ˺زû˴ڣҶƺǷġֱ˵˹ȥͷǷǰ֣һ·š
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мɫ˸һ£Ȼֻһ˲䣬ҶƵ¾ϳѸٵԺ֮ƽķӡ
ԭǻƣȻЩ鷳ǻǿԽģҶ۾Ѹٵͳ˻ʱʣٵǰ̻ʲô
Ҷƿ̻Ľɫâǻںһƺһռ䶼һ𵴣ΧĿҲŤ
ʲô֮¾ȻпռƣҶһΧռŤ͵ܵķɣҲһѪ˿У¶ŵĹʡ


665 Ƴ
ղǼ˵ʵмɣǲ˺þõƣôֻһǿĻأϾֻֵʮöƷʯأ
Լ⣬Ȼû뵽һ㣡
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ͬʱŤĿռ֮ڣȻ̶һ㣬ҶƸо˫ϱ񷡣վվȣ߶ˡ
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Ҷҧأռ籩ûа취ܹڲصǰ£ռ籩⡣

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ֻôһ˲䣬籩ҶǧϸС˿ڣÿһ˿ڶôϸСݣȴԹеĶܹҶ֮µĽɫ
Уȥҿ϶ᱻ籩֮еĿռлпģҶ͵վ籩ںڵͷ˿̿һս֮еս
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ʱڣȫҶƽȫָˣΪЩ˿ڶǺֻƤ˶ѣҲûʲô󰭡
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ҶƵӴģȻӲĿ˷ЩãӴĿռ籩ڴǰѵĶ壬ŵ˻ʱڷԣ֮ǰ̻ѾǻȫͻƣֻʣڲصĿռơ
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ҶҰοɻƿЦ
ȻԼҲһɼǿߣڸܵһ˿紵ݶᾪѵġﶯô󣬺ûɸо
ҶҲԸЩˣʲôôҴʱ˿ҲʵݲˣΪµƽϾҪ̻ɹˣ
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Ҷ˻ʱʣڴϷܱʼ顣ΧĽɫâռ籩ϵҶҲɫ԰סҪ֧ŽɫâҪ֤гԽƿ̻ҲǸоƣޱȡ
ڣҶƻһʣһոµƱĿ̻˳
Ѹٷ޵Ľ⣬ݺݽǿռż˳ȥƵٶȺܿ죬˲ͽǿռƸ
ΧĿռ籩ڲĵķһŭɢˡ

Ҷһ˿ϵƣǱƽˡ
ʵǼ˲µƣͲҶƵʵƽģΪӵ֮һ˻ʱʣǽ߾ȫҲͻһ˿һ
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ΣܺڶģûκϢҶɾЩȫͷĿ͵ش򿪣Χǧ׷ΧȫӳԺ֮С
ۡھĵģû˿紵ݶҶƽⶼ˸飬Ҳûз˴ڡһر˵Ŀƿ֮С
Ҷڵ˲䣬һӰĴԶʯ֮߳һ˫ɢžӶԶѾŵĴû뵽ȻǿֶΣӵ飬Ŀܱأ
䣬ɫӰѸʧޱ޼ʵĺڰ֮С
Ҷ˿֪ԼѾ˸ˣĿѾǰǿ鷽ʽˡ
ڣ洵һ磬˱ǣǧ졣һҶƲڵķˡа׳ƺרŸķ䣬ĲݣԶʮͦΣľӦоС
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Ů˴֮£˫ۻƱϥǣ˯ֻö޳ѩ״ȸѪ
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һܺгĻ棬˿ûʲô
ҶüͷЩǱ˻֪ôء
ҶƽֻﱻԶЩ־֪Ҫʲô
ҶƵ̾˿͵ؿ첽ǰʮֱִץסߵĺŮһӵԱߵڡèŮһУҪ֦֮ԾҶٶȸ죬˲ǰһ¾סβͣҲӵڡ
Ůһ˫ͨ澡ǿ֮ɫؼʱҶҲϧ͵ץסŮļ򣬽Ҳӽڡ
ֻʮֿ־ĽţҶƲܲʣɾһУͬˮһ㡣Ҷƹţֽͺñſһ㣬˿оκһֻƿţٳ˳ȥ
Ҷɱ˸ۡӰҲʧҹɫ֮С


666 ҡ
Ȼҹ³ǵƻͨڳﲻһֵľһĻܹܺõ˵³Զ޳Ҫ
ǷԲĴǣǰ˿㻹ǰʵ֣Ҫ޳ǲ٣Ͼ޳ֻСǶѡ
Ȼظۡûж˴ڣҶҪǵĻͱҪҹСôһӣۣ϶ᱻע⵽˻ã˷ֻ֮ǿٲһȷѪ꣡
ԶƻͨҹУҶƳü˳˼Ӧô죡ڵֻﻹڲͣĽţһʮֿӣҶƲûйȥǡ
ǿ϶еģֻİ취
ͻȻҶ۾һæֽȡ˳˼ӡ˲Ӵڿ֮ţ˸ûа취ֱӡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦѸٴֻһһӵڣӴĹ⻪ϷסǣôҲܴбĳ
۾ҶٿգôҶͷһ֮ϣҶҲظҶƵӰͬһӰӰһ㣬Ưš
ҶƵ˵ͷҡУôҲȴֻҡҪǿ
Ҳûж룬ҶѸٵĳųⱼȥ³ǼҪҲôһʱͿɵġԶҹУҶҲûһͷ˽ȥȺݺݵ̤ڵ֮ϣ߸ߵȻԶԶ¡
һֻɽоԳٵĳųⱼȥ
³ԭֵҹУͳһĻһˣͷƯһǿĶ״ҹ֮зɱͬһһವĳ˹ȥɢӴҲӦһƷ
ҶȻ˵Ŀ⣬Ź˲ô࣬ҪҹֻͳȥڵʱôԺأǵʱ˵ɡ
һЩ˾ú֣Զ˵ЦҶơеϷųĹâе¶м
ߣһƷѣȻҲôҡУû棡һŬҪװһмӣ˭ܹǹ
˰ɣ㣿Ʒ𣬻ﳰˣһֻ
ǰ˼ô˵ҲһƷһƲƲ
֮ǰԳˣʱߵͨ죬˵޲Ҹطȥ
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Ҷ֮ǰڸ˼֣ҲǱܶʶˡҶƣȻҲкܶ˸Ȥſǰύ뷨ϾӰ˼̬ʮŰ裬ѾǵˡֻΪݵԭ򣬻в˰ίߡ
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ߵһܼƵЦеĻ˻֣ˣٳԿʼˣ
˲䣬վһЦе壬Ҵż̻ᣬ٣
˵ţǰ߳ͳһ۵ĽУ˫ַϣǼҸ׼ǼڶʦһƵɵ¶Ө裡ֻܹʹ˾񱶼ѣȥǿԽٶǿߵĶҲܹ
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ڳ˶һû뵽Ȼ˹أ¶Ө裬ɼĶܹں˵ʮʵõһöɵż̻ƴ֣
˫һóɵʮָȤ
ЦԿʮ⡣
ǳϯ͵һģлл֣һžִӿռָ֮ȡ͸˹
˫һǳϯһּǿʩչǳ裬ۻң
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һЩ˿һĻҲʮ˷ܣһҲõҲַƣ׷ϺҲһ񣬾˵ִȶģħЧȻֵ󣬵ʤʵá
ֻ΢Цųÿһ˵ͷ⣬ûЩȻ㹻񣬵ȴòϲ
Ҵ񹬹ˣϼƷʯöףغ綫ٱɽһͬʱһ۵ʹվһöռָ˹
ºҲЩ֣̿æվϹ˫־ٹͷǽָӹлˣ
ʹߵ˵ͷʱ䲻ˣ֮ҲҪȥˡ
ʹߴ˲ȵô
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˶źдһ˿ۡܵõʹ͵ģȻ֮
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ϵ׼ôҿû׼κػЩģĸҶƴ
Ҷ̧ͷ˺һۣҾͿԣȻ֮ǰ˵Ҫ׼ϵǾͿ϶˵
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۾һᣬǰף׼˺þãڸٳ֮ǰҵⱾϣܹϲ
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ӰһʮǿܹݵĽעԼӰ֮ڣԼӰӸԼûһķ
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ΪһˣǾʹţ϶ҪԼļƷʯˣ
Ȼ˷ܵĽӰЦȵ֮ƾΪĿͣȥȡһöƷʯ
лף͵صɴ˫ۣ˷ܵĲˡɲһСĿ˷ܵĻľ޿
֮ǰҲùôһʾ޿ľ֮ûоءһʾ޿ԼѾоԼڿˡ
ˣԼѾȳΪ˳ĺѡˣѾǱ׽ˡôԼΪļʣѾռ˰ٷ֮ʮţΪܵܺʵ㣬ԸҲҲԲԼһֱһ롣úҲӸ߶Ƚ֮з΢΢һ
֮ڣбҲѾ˿̾ʣºûи
΢Щ֣ԼȻʵǿ˼ǱȽϸġԼȻɸ֣ǶںػǱȽƫġһôˣôٳٲ
ҲüͷʮֵĿźأеζԲ
һ֮⡣
زɫƲƲ죬վ΢ЦŶԺףһ͸˵ǺߣǾǰ޹˵ģңҸұ֤ļֵһԶԶڳ˵񣡡
̬ôſһҲüüͷ԰ص˼ϸ壬ҲܻˣôͻȻôڳأ
ǺиʮֲܣʲôͿóҲô翪۽磬ʲôǰ޹ˣ
ҲɻѣԼĶô˵иɻˡ
زڴ֮ⲽţı˫ۣ֣Ѹ׵
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һʱ䣬˵עȫҶƵϣ˭Ҫ֪ҶóĶʲô
֮ǰԣǰ޹ˡЦǿ˰óӦıһᱻ䳰ȷġ
ҶĽƤž˳ϵׯһ˿
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Ƕ˵ǰ޹˵ĺ񣿡·𿴵ЦЦһ㣬Ц


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Ҷһµɴ۾öƷʯһ˲䣬·λ֮УͻϲЩ֪롣

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е˵ɴ۾ԶˬֱʾˣöƷʯԿ򼸼Ʒˣ
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֣Щˣæ»ǴĳģȻһ̫٣ǾˣΣٶĻǹż̻ĲܽˡϾɽڿָܻΣգЩǹż̻Ҫǵ⡭
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Ҳ˵Ѿû취ͷˡ˵ôż̻˺棬㹻ջţûʲô²ܵġ
ãҾʹӦǣһ̣صʱҲֲκεıˡ
֮ɽ˵˵ͷޱתȥҶƺͺأܹ׵ĿĽӲȻҲѪһ
ߣعһЦһֻ˵ĺ꣬Цеġ
ҶԵĿıӰһǴ̤ȥֱӰʧߡ
أùˣΣ뿪Ҷ΢ЩʵȻ̸ռ˱ˣܸоûô򵥣
ҲЦݣɫأ̾˿ż̻Ψһ̳ˣȻҲЩֶεġȻڽţܹоʵѾϼɡΪûĴڣεַǱ׾
ϼɡҶ̾˿Ǵ֮ڵӵܣóһСڹƶʵǿˡ
³ǣмҪرעһ£һһǽԶʵǿ󣬶Һ̨Ӳǣǿɾ鷳ˣ̾˿գѰǾ˵Ǹ󣬸ǿԽġ֣㵽ûʮİգ
źسɻı飬Ҷŵĵ˵ͷӦа˳ɵİգ
˳˼ҶƽƵ֮ǰҲһΣһ˽ɫëʣҶƾëʿ̻ƲŽǰķƽ˵ģƣǼͨƵϼɲóţڻ֮Уſռơһвע⣬ͻᱻԻȻ󱻿ռѷ쳹ɣ
Ҷƾƾһǽֱɢˣ
ջ˼ҲҡҡͷԺ֮еһЩ뷨˦˳ȥ֣ʱ仹£ҲǳԣʱҪһõʱΪ֣¶ϾұӴ󡣡
ҶƵ˵ͷǺãЩʱ䣬ҲһԼΪ
˺أҶƾ³֮йһ䣬ϾϿöƷʯһʾ޴ĲƸǿԼϲĶҲԳ£
ţ³޲ڻ̸ཻ֮ǰĺ١
˵һҶƵģȻһϵ
ȻֻһȱϵҲѾʮֵĺˣ
ǰȻöƷʯ˲ţ
һ·ϣ۵ĻһҲǶҶƳɻ󡣾һʲôˣ׵óϵ٣Щҵӵܣǿŵûֱʣݣʱ˷
Ҷ΢΢Цţ֮УЩ̸ۡҶơɢǣ˿̸֪۵ǣʹ߹ϾμӺٵֻǺһݵˣӵҲû١Щˣֻ˵Լֶѣ֪ԼĳࡣԼ֮У粽а
֪Ҷƹ䵽һʶĵطɵĽǰѲڵ֮еĶ̽ɢɱ˳Ŀ⣬̧ͷ˿Ǵ֮ϵңƽ
ɣԼһ³ǣҲƽ֮УΪûǮԱ˸˳˭֪˼֮ԼȻһط
̧ͷƽǸСˣЦݵд͡
Ҷ΢һ˼ǾС
Ӵλѣ룡СȻѾǵҶˣЦекҶơ
ҶƵĽŸո̤ƽڣС˾ͼڵĸҶƼǵĽ
ѣƽ󣬷ֱʮŰƷɵĽܹɱһͬǿߣʩԽǿҲԽǿСƣеĻСۣأСϴĵЦݣΪʲôҶôأ
ΪҶӣǲü䰺Ĳģ㣬һӣپͼֵһöƷʯ
ȻҶǲ֪ЩġΪںظ֮ۡϣ˸ġ֮ǰѾһһεսãؿǵһ㣬רƸõĲ÷죬Ҷ˼·˿ռָڡ
Сʶһ۾ͿԳֱʣҶȻҲǲаֵ
ҶжپЦҲǲ١ԼûǮǱǸ˳ȥգȴϹϾĶԼͷǣ컯Ū˰
ҶƸƽĽǿ֮Ҳ;ƷҶ˵㲻ʲô
˻ʱʸػͱˣҶƻӵɽΨһĵѺնСȻЩʾˣǾƷʮǿģ֮£ƽڵĶȫһѡ
ôҶ۾װһܿĵӡ
СһҶƵı飬жʱ˼֣æ˵š
ʮӣ˵ʮӣС˵;˿ûһͣ٣ĭɣӣȫǿƽŵ㣬ȴּıܿȱ㣬ҶĿɿڴ
ҶҲǿ۽磬˵ĭɱ˵ĻԼʱѾٴǧˡ
ҶЩͷִС˵ĻĮȫȤƽڣûиõô
С˫һµɴ󣬲ǴûκγɣС˼æǰָŹڵһŷɽѣ뿴ǧɱƽʮƷ϶ɵĽ󣬱ԲһľƷС۾ԽԽĸ򣬷ֱİѷɽɱֶչһ˲ڻӰ裬ǧɱһɱ
Ҷ˳ָ˹ȥ޴ˮ̨ϣһŹӵķɽһſɢŵѪϢ֮ȥУƪ
ǺýҶĵ˵ͷʮѷɽԶһʦģƺܹͨ顣
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СЩɻ˫۶Ҷƣһòײһζˡ˿̣ҲҶô˵
ǺýֻûĴʦҶĿһŽƿϴһ˿֮ɫСˣ
Сһ㶣æЦڱҲ̫ѵ˼ǧɱƽѾƽǿĽˣȻѵķ𡭡
ҶƵ˵ͷָŹǽǧɱƽ󣬼ֵǮ
СٴӿֳϲĹʣæ⹺ǧɱƽôԵƬ̣ϰϾ
˵ţС˿ƽڣһһĴ̤˹
¾ƽϰ壡ѣ⹺ǧɱƽôȻҲûϳҶϾÿҪӴ˶ˣôܼסһǰ޹ؽҪһС
ҶһЦȴǲɫָˮһ˼ӣ˵ɣǮ
ǧɱƽԭֵʮöƷʯ⹺ֻҪʮöƷʯ㹻ˡҪƽһòҲûʲôϰ۾ȫһ̵
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ҶƿϰªһЦѡ
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ƽʱҶȻǲмһ˵ġʮƷаںϣܹӳǿĿȾƷ˶ѵĻҶƸмʡͻȻ֣ʮаһЩƴӲкܴĲͬΪʮаǳһ֣֮֮ҲЩøǿĻܹӳǿ
ҶȻȱǮҲϲסʮöƷʯǿɲһСĿȻǧɱƽֵôǮ
ϰһǷ΢ЦҶҲԷǰԼʲôӵˡֻϧԼǣ
ȻҪңҵҪ˭˭ҶЦѡ
۸е󰡣ûжٳ⣬Ȼ׮ⲻҲգҶȫһףתߡ
ϰЩˣ֪˭ȷ˭ˣҲû׷ȥֻǰҧҧԲӣûг⡣ѴĴ³ڣ˭ǼıˣʮаԶǳ֣֮ǳȺϽ绢ʮöƷʯĲ󣡡
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Ҷƹϵ΢ЦתϰҲһЦ
ϰһҶתͷ֪ϷǷõĿڲţĴǧɱƽ
ҶƲɵԼ۵жϡҲǱżЦſ˰װ˷ѿࡣ
ʮаǲҪ㿪۰ɣ
һᣬƺҶҲЩͷˣֱ˵Ĳ
ʲô
ϰЩ㶣û뵽ҶƾȻô˵ֻʮаʲô
֪ƽרġЩһ𣬿ǿĽԼ۸Ҳǳɱǣⵥģδţ
ʮаֻʮƷѣ۸ֵֻһöƷʯѡϽ󣬱ļ۸൱öƷʯƽûжԡ
ԭֵöƷʯģʮöƷʯۣϰҲĺ͸ˡΪҶֺܺƭӵܣҲһʡ
⡭ѣﶼһġֵûгֹϰоЩΪѣüͷҲ
СӿװûǮģΪʲôҪ򣿡ϰЩɵ´ҶƣԽԽôԾ
ǳרŶ·ǳʲôʱôˣ
ԽԽɣϰѾüͷʱҶƹΪûǮһࡣ
Ҷûйֹͨνġ͵شӿռָ֮ȡöƷʯصˤˮ̨ϡ
죬һ
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ϰ鶼ɳüûƷʯǰӾȻɵľͳöƷʯ·ǸЩ
ҪģֻʮƷаѣ
۸ֱӷ屶ѾǱˣ
Ĳϰ忴Ҷ̬ҲѸٳԺ֮š
ǰӣӦɵǮ࣬Լٽ۸һЩ
뵽ϰҲѸ˷֮⣬װһ۵ӣѣʵڲ²㣬ʮаϸ޴öƷʯʵ̫ˡִֻаĻǺãʮöƷʯҾ
ԱСҲ˫۷⣬æǰѣҪǾͱһ㣡ǳԿأ
Ҷɫı˫֮еķŭͬһȼţûǮЩʵ̫̰ᣬԼɵƭô
ʮаҲֵһöƷʯ˿ϰȻſҪʮö۸ʮ
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ϰһһ˿֣ȵ㡭Ҫʲô
ʲôҾҪ㣬ܲܳôǮҶƵԽ߬ԽϰֻоԼסˣʹĸо糱ˮһϮȫͷ亹ˢһ˳
ߣҲ¼ɵʵǲ֪ΪʲôԼ߾ȫǰӵҲ˿ûƶ֡
⣬ߵˣ
ϰԺ֮е뷨Ϊһӵܣʮֺƭû뵽ԷʵȺǿޱȣһ£Լˣ


680 ߵڰ
ôɵӣܺƭôҶЦţϰ壬Ҷг˲м
ңϰͷ󺹣ҪšԱǸСҲԱ߿ţ˵вޣȴκεĶ
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ϰ廹ҶûκֱӺݺݵǡ

ϰʹĵͺһͷ亹ˢһ˳˫֮жǾ֣˲ǸԼЦģҪ˰
ѣ⵽ʲô˼ϰʹĻڲŬİͷҪҶƵע֮һԼʧˡ
Ҷ˫Ѽ⵶ݺݵĹᴩ˼룬Ժ֮һƬհף˼½˲١ҶƵע֮£оԼȫһ㡣
ѣºǧǧ֣ϰ峹׷ʲô򰡣ֱצĶǣΣ˵
»ֱܹˣҪ־ֻܹԼ̫̰ˣĲ󰡣
ҶƵ̧ͷֽʮöƷʯ˻עϰ壬ҪʮаҲˣͷ͸ҿۣס٣
ϰֻҶ߬סҵʹ޷ɢֻܶ߶µһöһöƷʯ㹻
Ҷĵ˵ͷŽɿϰƺǼ˹һ㣬æȥĴĹͷѾ÷顣סʹɫΪǿҵʹò԰ֽ
ҽʮаȡҶ͵ͳһöƷʯݺݵˤˮ֮ϣϰһ
ããã˵㣡ϰѸٸСʹ˸ɫȻСĽһöƷʯ˹
СҲǰˮ񣬽ʮаһһѵóݸҶơ
ҶҲǺȫ˿ռָ֮СʮƷһͬһʦ죬ܹĻ϶ԼαӵģһöƷʯĺֵ
ϰɾ͵ùˣһöƷʯֻܻر׬һǮĽҲʧȥе塣
ʰʮа֮Ҷһ̶ԸͣˣΪƽȻװʵŸͭζŻ
ϰҲκֻܽŭĵסΪͲ˵Ķ֣ӲҪ֣Ҳֻȡѣ
ҲʲԼĵ̣ԼȻԼĵڱһëͷСӸһ˭ûġ
Ҷ̧Ҫ߳ƽͻȻһִߴЦݵ˽ҶƲ
ϵܣΣǸִߺĸϰк
˫˲Ҳ
Ը磬ϵһĺ漴̤ĳȥ
עɣСôţƣҲִܸ԰ɣжݺݵĽеȫǳ֮⣬Ը³ִӵһԱԼҲЩСæӦûġ
Ҷƴʱո߳ƽûԶȻҲϰĺȤŤȥͷǽѾٵıԼߣһץ
жʱֳһ޴ơڽƵĲٿ£ֱֱĳҶץ
Сӣװ˱ƻܣһ𣬿ҪҶֱץסöԷߡ
ƵȫűĿУԸˣȻҲ˸ԼˡСӾʲôݣֻҪǺӣִӶ˼ɡ
Ϊֱִפ³ִӳصĹϽ˵ȫӳġԽҲǵ⣬ǱӦӦ
Ҷ˿壬ۿץһƣöֱ佣ץסԼֱۡ
ƹЦţΪҶǱɵˣһ˿֮ɫҪ¾ֱҶƵĹͷղŵĳޡ
Ҷһ˿Цɽƺݺȥ
磡
һӴĻԶ޴ֱ֮ɳȥݺˤڵϣˤ˸˲档еҲϢɢˣƵĻڱҶһѿһӣѪ
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ǽŭģղűһ½ҶƵˣ˭֪ĻôǿԼˤ˸ࡣ
Ը磬һҪϵָҶƣĻЩ˵䡣
⡭СǿȡᣬҵڵҡֵʮöƷʯĽ󣬾ȻһöƷʯļ۸ǿȥ˵ⲻǿʲô³һǣôûûˣ³ǶƵߵڰ׵Ĺû˵һǰԸɫѾױڡ
ҶƱŰӣȤĿڵϵĽơЦ
㣬ʲôˣ³ǣ֪ԸվŭĶҶơУѾҶƵרҵɢɣˣִһǺġ
ҶЦȻ֪
Ȼ³£ҿǻòͷˣԸԡ
Ը磬Ҷʵһ㶼¡Ը粻ֻ¼ɵʵ⽣΢ǿôһ˿ǶԼ˵Ǹġ
Ϊִߣֻһ֮ʣҶҿҲɵĿˡ˾ôִߵģѵƤܹΪ˲ɣҶԣһҲûиԸӡ
Ըɫ˲ͨ죬ƴ֮ҶƵĶܻ֡ͺһҶƳ
ֻѿ֮νͷγԸ͵һ̤棬һӴΧռ˲俪ʼ𵴿ʮֲȶ֮һȵƺʱܵͷһ㣡
꣡
ͬʱԸҲѿһѷ죬Ϸǿƥƣ˲ֱӡ
˵ֻ¼ɣִܹӵģԼһ֮ģҲûô׽ⶫֱӹϽִ֮һִˣ
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Ըһŭ𣬻·۵Ĺâͬʱ֮ϵ˲俪ʼ任̬γֻצϻӿ£Яͻɽ֮ƣֱͬʱҶƣ
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֮еŰ죬ȫԸûֻϻ顣ռҲͬһ澵һ㣬˲ѿ룡
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³ǵִ߾Ȼһɢɶ֣һЩҲǼæΧۣһָָš
ⲻǰԸôȻ˶ˣ޹Ǽǿģ
ǰҿɢҪùˣ


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ԸȻҲͦģڳĴ󲿷˶ϳ
֮ͷͻԼһЯٵ֮ƳҶ̧̧ƤȻмǲô˵ǵóֵġ
ȻҲԸִ߶֣ڵ֮ϣǿɾǾ찡ԼҲûʲôûʲô춷ȻûʲôùӳԵġ
ǼȻǶԷͱ˵ȳ֣ôԼûʲôù˼˵ġִôˣִ߷˴һ
Ҷһ׼Լ״̬˫ۣƺɱ
⣬Լ˫ԡҶ˿ӵעŰԸ磬һһٵΪִߣȴûвʵ֮ǰ½ۣѵǵְô
ԸѾҶƵĻŭˣżӴҪҶƳһζ
Ҷ˫ԻӶᣬ̫ͬһ㡣˫ֻӶķʮ£ʮֹŹ֣ɻ󲻽⡣
ӴҶ˫ֵĴ£Ĺᴩǰռ䣬ǰγһƣʵıݣǿĹ޷䶴
ЦΪֶΣ޾֮£Ч𣿡ԸЦţ˫ֺݺݰѹȥĶֻϻݺݵײҶǰһĶ֮ϣһ̶Ľ꽻
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ײɽ壬죬˿ֻϻӰȴ˲ţצȻкǱ޿κΣֻܵͺɢǵ㡣
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СɢҶһ̧֣ʵĶ͵صȥһǽ͵صЯǧ֮ݺݵĽѹȥ
ҪǸ޿κΣֻܱӴĶѹ飬Ϊޣ
ҶһзΪҲڳǴ۽硣˭û뵽һĶƣȻһⲻСã
һ£Ըо͸Ҳסˡҧгݣٴǰ˵ǵСãһΪĿӦĴ۵ģ
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޾ڣԸҧأɫѸٵĲ԰ȥԪ֮ڵҲǷٵšȻһк˷İԸҲЩԲ
һƬõĿռڣͻȻһ˸ŹšȻҲ𽥵֮Уվѿ
ԸϲɫҲʮ˷ܣȻԼһеҲŲɵģǰСֻԼͬΪ¼ɣӦûܽһУ

ѿǵռѷ촦͵ſʮ׵Ŀռѷ죬кڶģظɱ
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һ˸ߺȵһҼǿɱҿ˺һǾͲˣ
һ˵ЩҲǼæ˳ԶһϽԶſ־֮⡣
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롢ʮ롢ʮ룡
ԽԽ󣬱ñǽǰˣ

֮䣬Ǿ޴ѷ֮дܳһƥȫ⹹ɵҰëףҰʮ㡣޴̤£һһǧƣӰ֮гҶƱ
ƥ֣ǿռѷ֮иֱӳʮƥͬ⹹ɵģ˲ɵĿɿڴÿһƥ·̤ľôƥʵôǿҲֻб̤Ϊķݰ
ҿͷڼǿռѷ֮ȻƥһɺԵĺҶ籡
ҶƵĵ˿ҲЩɫ޾ȷԼó汾£ǲеˣ
͵ؼԼͷҫ£ӴҶסǽһ㣬ͭǽڣ˭Ҳܽͻơ
һУҶƵұۻ̧һɱۣ
һ˲ڳ˽Զ˸սɴ˫ۿҶơ
ôܣǿɱѾһЩˣ
һɣҲʲôϡ飡һ˹Цŷ̵
ϳҶƣȵ⡭ⲻ֮ǰں֮ϣϵǸҶô
ʲôҶƣ
ûҵʱԶԶƳһۣ
һʱЩҲǽͷӶΪִԵֻһùɢɣˣȻ֮ǰϵҶƣ
ȻҶóϵǻһЩ˶ʵôã֮ԱǡϾֻһ¼ʵɢɶѡ
ҶƸִߴ֣Щ򿴵ĸǽζˡʵǿÿҲʵζǵҲӦüһЩӼҶƸִߴ֣֮е
Щһɴ۾ʱܿҶƵʵˡǿѡӦأ
ҶƵұѾӴɱΧɫԽԽŨҪռ䣡ɱ磬˻ڲš
֮ϵĿռѷ촦ԴԴϵĳƥмʮƥѾҪ̤Ҷͷˡ
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ǺɫɱһӴĺɫڿ˲ٱۿҪƥһ㣡
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ռѾǷĲǿôһ˲䣬˾춯صײҲܲסǿĴݲУ׷ѿɫƥɫɱһƺ˶Է
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ӴڲͣĻɱţһɹŰڿеĿ磡ХƺҪȫ˺ΧΧ˵壡
Щһֵ˳ʮףҶƸԸ㹻Ŀյ
ͣ
ܵձ˺ˣĿɿڴ˭û뵽˵ôǿһֻἤǿΧĿռǱȽȶģͬʱѹ֮£㲻ʲô
ǿҶüͷò˵Ը޾ǷǳǿģżΣҪԼǿһΣ
ҶƾȣԸΪȡ޾һûóٴΣÿһóǾ˳Ծģͬ˵Ľ֮УûгԹ޾ҲǺɨ¼ɣ
ǰԸôû뵽Լһͬ¼ɵɢɣ޾ȻԷ赲סˣ
ˢˢˢ
Ӵĺڵס˰죬ӳĵնǺɫġǵصɱ˻¶ڲƺ嶼˱顣ڵѪܣƺҪ̵ӡ
ҶƸоԼڵˮһٵšаħһʮǿͬʱҲǾ޴ģ޾֮£ȻҲֲˣ
̤̤̤
֮һƥһƥƥԿ͵̬նȫ̤顣ѿһһķ϶͸һɹɱ׳Ĳ֮С
ЩƥȫҶƵаħһɣͬţϢʤడǰƥɫɱˣٴӿռѷ֮дܳƥޣ飬ҲĿɿڴ
Ҷҧأٴη֮еĺɫøӴˣһƥһƥĿҲ𵴳һನ֮£ЩȺЩơ
ԸЩţԭΪҶƶǸ翹һͰˡϾ޾ģǿӣܼһʱ䣡
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ʮϢʱһû֧ǿռѷˡ
ʱһһĹȥԸĶͷ亹ѷ֮дܳȺȻʲô仯ʵѾ֮ǰˡ
ҶҲɵĲһ㡣ҲǷһ˿Ц֪Ըֲ˶ˣֻҪԼֵʱ䳤ôԼβ֮оʤˣ
𣡡
Ըڻȥˣ͵ظ߸ǿռѷ˲պϣһֺֻݺȭЩʣȺɫѸȻڳһ޴Ӱ
ҶæаħһȥռԶһɫɱɢҶƽ¾ȻӲĲȳ޴ĿӣԼףԼʮף
ӲĵҲֲסҶƣ
Ҷưͷں϶ɵףư硣ϸһȻһƥģֻͷһǣԵЩаȣҲǿ˲٣
ȥɣ
Ը˫ֺݺݵĻ쳤ХһӴΧؼ䣬Χռʱ鿪
Ǿ޴ҲǻӶǿ֫ݺݵĳҶƵͷ£ôһɲǶһƬƬģĲʮֲң
Ҷ͵غ̤һһɫȻ岢׳˿ҶƵӰȻӴɽһ㣬Խ
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ҶƵͺһɫĹâҫޱȴۣҶƵıһ컹ҪߵɽӰݺݵһȭӳɽҲʼ
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Զһ˿ҶƵȭͷ׳̩ɽһȭͷİ峹״飡
ͣ
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ҶֻоȭͷһͬʱؿһƣһѪѹ˺䣬̲סſ
ɫѪҺҶƵĺڵ֮ϣǼ主ѪȻӲĽҳһƬƬĿӿݣ֪ˣΪСʯء
ҾȻҲˣҶʹĴŴ˫֮ȫǷŭ֮ɫ
ҿ쿴ѪҺȻǽɫģһۼ˿һĻ䲻ŵĺ
ܸоѪҺ̺֮ǿһҲǸȵ
⾿ô£
ЩΧȻɻ󣬵ȴҽӽһ˿һΪиղŵǰԼӽˣᱻҶԼԸ˵ˣֻԶһһէָָ㣬ȴʼղҸʵж
ߣһȺСҶƲƲ죬мЦЦ
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˰죬ҲֻܵóôһۡСӵʵĺǿ
ҶҲ¶һ˿ƣ֮ɫĵ̫죬ϸղˣȻǿ󣬻ָˣһʱỹɥʧ˴󲿷սġİԸҲոյ޾Ѿ
˴۵СۣóʯţҪȶһָ
ʱһֱǱԱߵĽƸоˣʱҶʵûȫʢʱڵ֮һ˵һᣬԼô
ǽҲʮֽҲ֪ҶʵǿҪ֣;Ҫһ˲ʹԼǿ
ۿҶֱŰԸ磬ûΧ֪ʱˣ
ߣȻҶִ֣߳޷죡˵ö֮͵ؼһǿֱգ
һƷǾǿҲоƷǰ㣡
ǰɽڿƯţ̫âӳ䣬ùâɣۻңþ
ôһ˲䣬ɽڿлѣŶģĻˣ˻ʮ
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ȥɣ󣡡ϴŷЦ⣬͵ؿ֮Ľ󣬺ݺݵ
˶Ǵʧɫû뵽Ӱ·ɱ˸ҧ⽣Ҳ湻ģȻڱ˵ʱ͵Ϯ
һЩڼˣԶƲƲ죬мһı͵ϮƲģʵǾͳȥ浶ǹһɽʵΪĵֶ˶ݵģ
ǽƲΪܣΪ١ҶƸִӵ˶֣Ѿˡʱ򹫱˽õĻᣡ
˲ţԼץסĻָֻܿˡ
ԸҲȻ̧ͷҲûϵƻ֣һʱҲԭء
գ
ʮɽӰݺݵĲҶߵĵ֮ϣҶɫһŤͷĶǽƣƺӴĳ
͵ϮѾȫŭңǡ㡢͡ȥ
ҶһӴǿޱȵϢ


683 
һϢܵĵ˲һȫ½ףֱȥ
Ϣŵľ޴ֱӽΧЩ˸˳ȥϾȼǰδģһҲ⧲
һЩ˶˳ֻһƣ桭ǿ
ǽƸоԺһǰЩˡǿܣЩɡ
ЩٿصɽɲϢӰ죬һڿлһ⣬Ҷնɱȥ

һ꽻ЩɽӰȫɢ֮ϣҲû취ͻҶƵķ
ҶƳһʱ䣬ٵĻָƣеʯ⽣ƱԸ˵ҪһҶҲŲæ
һû뵽ԼͻȻϮûЧҲҧأǧɽڿн֯һӰۻҡ
ಣ
ƿ֮ǧɽӰһݺϮķ֮ϡȻΪƷҲݽߵʱɽӰϮ֮£ҲСС
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Ƽ״ΪҶԼЦֻڹôʵЦ󷽰ҿ㻹ʲôûʹΣվˣ
ʱ򣬰ԸҲӦ˹ߺȵϵܣǸʲô
ԴǵԸ磬ϵһ֮ͼ³ɢɣ
ԸĬȻȻҲôЩʣ֮£סҶƣ£
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ڽ֮ϵȻǼߵģڸ־ɱԵĽҲ
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ƿЦţ˫£֮ϵֻҲƿž޴ɽֱӳҶȥ
ҶɵԲ򣬸赲סǾ޴ɽ
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ûпҶƵӰΪԼһ֮»⣬ҲЦ㲻ǺôͷҪҵ£
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һ䵽ӽ𣬼˲佣Ƹоͷ˽šǹƺڵظлͬҲ֮ȥʣ˲ɵļ֡
ƵķӦҲѸٵģſǰɽ˲ʧһͳС֮һ˿ݶݺݵĳȥ
оԼֱ۱ʲô赲סˣãһʱҲǽѣ־֡
ѵתȥͷֻҶƽµվ̧ĸ첲סֱۣĽƶ֡
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Χ۵˶һ˭ûпҶƾʲôʱܵƵȥģģֻǱ
ʵ˲䣬ҶƾͿǺ·俪СֻһΪڱߵһСֶΰˡ
Ҷڵ֮зн굽˽Ƶ󡣶ƻΪҶԼĽ£ʱȻҲǷκεľ衣
ԶİԸ״ҲŭҲôˣҶƿ񱼶
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Ըͬʱ˫ֲϵĽӡѿһʮ׵ĿӣԾһ׺ݵĹӰҶڵĳ
ҶƶԴֻ΢ɨһۣûзϡΪղѾȡ㹻ʱ䣬ڵƻָ߰˰ˣһöƷʯ֮ĵҲĻָ˹
Ҳһϲ˲֣ȻһĽǶȣٴνɽ̳ȥ
׺գ
Ƶͺһɽ΢һһõİɫƥƾ͸ĺҶƵ̹ȥ
һʱ䣬ҶܵߵΧɲŲңʤȯһ㣬۾˾˺ˣ
̬ȼţҲǼĹ°
ΧȴûһģΪʲôΪҶƵȷʱ
Ҷ͵شӿռָ֮н˻ʱȡ˳ǧһ֮ʣݺݵĴ˽Ƶ󴦣˻ʱȻֻһëʣҲ㹻ǿ㹻ģ
ͣ
Ƶ˲䱻˻ʱʴ˸͸һҽУɽֱӵڵء
Ҷûκͣ٣һ֮תһȦŰԸ硣˻ʱǰ֮ϣĿ̻һЩѶơдٶǼģû˷Ӧʱ䣡
ˢˢˢ
һдϣ
Ҷռƣ
䣬Ըо˲̶ٲά衣·ѹһɽǣ߲·
ҶƼ״ֻ΢΢һЦٴʣ֮дһơ

һӴĻϯһһ㣬ƺƵĳŰԸȥ
ǻƣ
Ը˲ɴû뵽ҶȻܹٵĿ̻ӴĻ棬ѾƶֻѡӲЩݺݵĳŻ˹ȥ
̣
Щȫڻ֮ϵһ̡
Ҷƽ̤Ǭ˳ȥ˻ʱʣƮƮĳŰԸȥ
ȻҶƿûʹ̫ǰԸаֺӣղʸӿֱӽƵ͸˰
ԸʶҪܣΪռƵĴڣ̧šΣֻӲ
һ𣬰Ը˫ӭȥơ
Ҷ΢΢һЦӲӲİֱ֣ӽԸ˫ײɣתһ䣬˻ʱһֱŰԸԴȥ
Ը˸ž֮ɫ˿Ѿǭ¿ˣԼԼԴ˻ʱʣı۾
Ҫô
ǰԸ˿Ժ֮еͷýģȻвʾȥ
ãԼԴûֱӱѡԸɻſ۾ֻҶɪıӰ
֮ԩ޳ȻҪʹɱ֣ҶͷҲأĮ̬ȣðԸֿĸо
һԸֻоԼһ㣬գղԼڹŹǰ˸Ȧ
ΧЩһѾǳԾܹ¼ˣĿתĶҶƣղһ֮λɰȥĻ϶Ǳ˽ֵĻ⡣


684 ͱ
㡭ԸֹһҲѵô˵棬ȻȫҶƵ£Լ㱻Էȡ
ҪǣҶƱлٵԼȴ顣
ҶԼһԸ粻ûиеκεĸмǸоԼ޵ˡֱߣĻԹϵ֮лš
Ҳǻͷ˻ʱֱӴ飬һʱ޷ָǰɽҲڵϣѪȾ½ͬʱȾĻе档
Χ㿴ңҿ㡣нԶһɲ֮⣬ҶʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣǣޱȣ
ҶȥıӰ쳣ϼӳ֮£ӰӲϵӰȻһɹ¼ɪ֮У
Ҷƽ˻ʱãʶ֮٣ԼҲҪʲôˣΪ˻ʱһȽǿľƷء
ƷߵпܾǲɴĴڡɿͲʲôġ
ΪƷʦǿƳġɽ磬ƷҲʵвټֻмƷǲмУΪֽ׶ɽ磬ûһʦﵽ񽳵ļ߼ҲֻʦܹƷȴƷ
ںǸǽֻİѣ
ȻǲǣҶƵУ
ǲ࣡
ȻԸִӵˣҶƲûʲô˼ɡ˾ǴˣϾǶԷȵġҶԷˣΧԼһڳô˶ԼӦûʲôġ
Ҷƣ㡭Ҹ㲻죡Ըɫһ࣬һ졣УѾΪһСĽɫһȴԷһ˴ܡ˵ȥĲˡ
Ҳһֻּɽ֧ŵ棬ѵվһ˿ŭ⣺Ҷƣһֻ֣лᣬһҪٱǧĻ㣡
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Ҷ߳׵ʱһ
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ˣƲСӣϴŵ΢Цƺһжķۡϴǽɫ޳Уִӵɫ֮Ÿɫƣƺݡؿڣһö£̫â֮£ԡ
˾ôĿҶƣûʲôֻǱ˫֣ɨӡ
ǶҶ˵ָоڱץУȻü⵶һĿݺݵţָоǾԲܵġûκΰ취ΪԷʵߣҸֹ߳һһϣ֮еߣڴǰҲʼձѹƣ

ҶʵȻǿǾҲֻϼɶѡˣɼǿ߰
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ȻûʲôһĶѾȵĸǹҶƵ˿ֻ˶ŶѣĿֻҶԼ֪
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ԸҴҵ˹һεվߣҪ˵ʲôֲҿڣֻܵͷһϴı顣
ûʲôˣ߰ɣ΢ЦԸ磬Цʮů㡣
ǰԸȴһ£˲֪֪ģ˽Լһͨ˵黹⣬ľǣЦ
Ը֪Լ϶군ˡ
Ҷƿˣ³֮УΨһǰ˸ģˣפ³ִӶӳأ
ȻΧЩ˿ˣҲǽԶϢ˺ףȻ˵ֶǼηģ
Ĵˣôˣ
ɵҶƵϮִߣĴδ棡
ʲôҿǰԸǽһϮҶƵģ
꣬СǧĴ
Щһ˽ȫڶУЦŨˣûκαʾǸӣƺȥ˵ɡ
ģҶƶͷ亹ⳡԳ֮УԲصĶ֣ûκζȻҲܴ޾ѹ
Ҷƻ΢ĲţʵԼҲôȥˣ
ĴˣҶƳһǿ̧ͷ΢Цʲôָ𣿡
İ˰֣ЦҶѣ֮ǰԶĦʵǿȻһжһҵ£ǰһ
ҶЦҪغ«ľʲôҩ
ؿҶƲ˵ҲЩźʼ磬˵ǰЩʱճ٣Ҷһϵ԰ɣ
ˣôĴҲϵȤôҶЦ
ذ˰֣ϵֻҪǸˣȤİɣ꣬δʶϵѽܷñһ۾أ
ϵǣҶƲûиضʲôֱҡͷܾǸĴʧˡϵʾˣ
۾һ˿âôΪβʾˣƲô
ҶЦҡҡͷĴˣȻǣ
ΪΣ
ҶЦϵÿʩչķƾµͷųϵ˵ֻĴʧˣ
кԵǻǿϧˣ
Ҷƺη壬ͷȻ
عЦЦĳ졣һʱЩͷԣҶҲɻ󲻽
ԹӢ۳꣬û뵽ܹȤĺ󱲣Ѵͽ̼£ѵʵΣûԼɱ⣬һССɣȻ˿ӶҲ
ΧЩ˲仩ȻһĿɿڴȻԼ棬һԼսȥ̫ˡ
⻰ڳûһ˸˵ġ


685 ɽ
ҶЦѣβص˼ԾǸԼȥΪԼڲӣȻҲ
Ȼɵȥ֣Ͼʵ̫ˣûκǿɼǿߣԼϼɣûʲôʤ㣡
Ͼɸ֮ģһԽĺ蹵
سǿ˵ȥԼ˿ܾ̾Ҳʲôؿ϶Ŀ֮ӲԼ֣
ǸˣĴˣʵûʱ䣬һξͲԴ˵ķˡ´лᣬһ̣
˵ţҶתߡ
ؼߵ˿ҲЩࡣȭͷ߬ǵһαһŪǱ
ҶƵıӰذ۾۷֮һģǷŭɱ⣡
ҶưҶơ
΢΢һƲ͵Ư̤նУӰ˲ʧ
Щ˼뿪ˣһҲǽ񾭷һصѹ֮£һҲǲҴǿ߶ߵѹ
Ҵ۽磡ҶƾȻ˹°Ĵ˵Ӷһͬʵ̾һ𺳵
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ĴˣҲ϶ûкùӳԵģ
һҿҶƸع˽ãĴδظҶ
Щһԣһĵòֺ˵ıԾǰԵİɣ
Ҷ뿪ֱ˺ظۡķ򡣾ǰȥɽ̽黹µʱ䣬ҶҲȫġڣҪ˻ʱʣһƵĿ̻ɽƴ󣬿ɲһƣ
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ƻҪ鷳֮ǰǸƣͲ㽫Ҷվ֮УҶģ
ֻһһĶԼֱԼȫ߱Ǹʵ
ص֮ۡϣҶҲûȥشк;ֱֱӻصԼķڡ
뷿֮Ҷͳ˻ʱʣڷܻһЩ׵ƣһЩӷģ÷䱻̻Ƶನ
һУҶҲվڴˣ˻ʱУһ˲˸ڶŽɫĹʣɢʥׯϵζ
ҶƷܱʼ飬ʼ֮ϣ̻Ÿָơ
ʱһξ£վҶƷǰŷӴڷڣҲЩȡҶƾȻϰûϢֱ˼飡
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׼ôˣظҶƵĲЦʵ
Ӧûʲô⣬ֻǵʱҪƴǿ̶ȣҲҴٷְٵİƱҶüͷȻµѵȡ˼ĳЧҶȻûס֪ƴΡ
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壬λƿƷӡҶƣλǺүԺ̬ȣҲʮֵĹ
壡
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˵ͷҲʾ˳˳˫붢ҶƣҪƳǿ߶û취ƴ
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ҶȻǿ˷ĿռУҲûκΰ취Ҵ˿ȫעĲٿ˻ʱʣȻǲܷ
񿴳ҶƵľ֮æϼʹ˸ɫҲǺܿ⣬Ѹٳ嵽ҶԣԼԼҶƵֵЩռУ

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ԣȻҲһǻŭòйȻȫбʬϣ
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һ𣬺ƺóƴļƣѹ׵ľжʹ˳˫ֺһ𣬱һ̫Ӱ͵ֳɫ֣ſ˾˫ۣ̺ɽ֮࣬ҲǼ𺳡
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һŭ𣬿һ׳ĺâͻȻ˳ͬʱ̫ӰĿҲͬһִٱĺɫι֮¶ڲϵĲšɴ˿ɼһеǿ֮ŷɥģ


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һ𣬻֮սƵΣֻǲȥЩɽ֮Ͽٳһµĸ߼λ棬硣˹֮УҲǽɽ绮ΪĴޣԻʤޣԻţޣԻĲޣԻ«ޣֱ𽻸λɵػʤݡػǰ׻ţ޹׵Ϸػȸհ޹˳ػ䣬Ա«޹ۡ
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ģҲֳ֮еķ׷׷˸ߵλ桪磡ȴɽ֮С꾭ʵѬգǿ֣ԳɾϽɡ
ǺɲԸɽһУûѡ԰ӵѺΪǿΪޱȣҸֹͼƷ۵ͳΣԺɽ֮ǿһնд͸˹ۣİȴûзַλɵۣ֮Ļң


694 ŷԼ
λɵһ֣˺ɵ˺ޱߵ֮СʣµļԴ֮ɽͳΪĸ˵£ĸ˽Լĵ˽ĶϱĴ񹬣
ʥ˺ɲˣҲˣλɵҲ˻ʣɽһ졣ʵ֪һ֮ɽ磬Ҫɱ𣬵ȴ⵽Ĵɻʵ־ѻܣʬѪǧʱҲĴɻʹӡһûһɽѹν֮ɽ
ĸ˻ٵйʥ˺Լʵй׸鼮Ӵɽ磬ֻʣĴɻʵĴ˵һֱ񣡡
ʧҶƵԺ֮УֻоһɷǸնеķ
֮ǰһУն֮ϸŵļ䡣
ԭɽ绹ԭڵģ

Ҷ͵˹ֺطסԼļһֹŹֵԼ
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뵽ҶҲԾԾӡѾεļԺ֮Уǳʩչˡ
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ãǸ䵽ȪڵĺӰûʲôӦȪôƽͺһдûзһ㡣
˶һҲſЦôһսȻʧϵɣǼʧ¶ڹż̻˵Ǻѳܵġ
ҶȻ֮У˫۲֪ӺʱʼѾһɵĺɫâһ˫޾̶˿һۣƺҪ־ҪУ޷԰Ρ
Ҷƴ˿Ѿһ㣬ҲԽԽ졣
ͻȻͶһ񣬿ҶƵĶƺԼܹ³Ҷڸʲôֲ̫ȷ
ʱȪٴһӰ͵شȪ֮´˳Ӵ˻ƺҪʶƷ˴һһǺӰ֮ǰʬ
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һ룬˲ը飡
ʬҲûзŹһ֣ɵԪץУЦŽųһдھ׽š

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һ˭أʬŤͷȥ˸ãٺЦɨˡ
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̣
Ҷƺ仰ʱͻȻһɫӰߴޱߣƺռ˰ʡ
һ˫ţʬڳˣĸܵǹѹ


695 ̳
⡭⾿ô£زŵĶҶƣʵǸ㲻ΪʲôҶƵϻͷųǿƣ
ҲỽЩ˼ŤͷҶƵ֮һӣһء
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ƺͻȻ뵽ʲôǸղŴʽ֮Լģ
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˫ȭ߬ҶƵ츳Ȼô£
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츳ֲ˹
ΣΪȡʱ䣡Ѹٵջʥʬ֮жӴһԹޡ
ҶɫĮޱȣƺûнκζҲֻŻ˹°ͬɫӰôǿô԰
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Ҷƾˮϣֵ˫վˮ֮ߵˮԶֿһգ˸оޱ𺳡ɫԶҶƵһ˫ɭĺ˸оޱ޼ʵĹ죬ͺޱߵĺڶһУ
ʬһֱ۶ڲϵĲʵĵľ޴󣬴˿ҲͶֻϼɵʵˡҶƻ֮£Ȼĵ׸޾Ŀ־֮⡣
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Ҷһ̧֣޴Ӱ͵ضˣ棬͵سʬľײȥ˲ɫҲǺƺƵĻһźɫ磬͵ϯ֮ǧ֮⣡

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һ֮Ҷһ˿⣬ԶӰ˲ɢһģˤ
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ȤȻһСԼԼ̳Ҫȼʥ֣Ǿô
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꣡
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ҶƸоµĹͷĥ죬ܵӴƵļѹѾܲų˴ƬѣѪ쮷ɡ
ۣ
޾ʹ̼ҶƵ񾭣ڲȻҧأİͷһ˫۾ǰ
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696 һ컯
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ѹľ޴ҶƵļٴ쮷ɳɫѪ֮ϴƬѣһ˿ɼǣˡ
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ݺݵˤ˵֮ϣɫ԰ֽһ˿Ѫ
УҸܲסǹѹƺҪɢܣ̫̫ˣڵĴŴһ˿Ц
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һüͷүղĿ֮һ·̣
֮һô̾һ΢΢۾ҹȻǲҶƵİ
ñѹжôףЩԾԾԣҲǿ첽Ǻŵȥ
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֣ҪҪԣûĿһвѵĺء
仰æҡͷֵҲŲҪȥԡʵܽ룬һǲҪ׳ĺáҸ߽ȥûҪô˵Ҳǳ֮Ӳǣôôûӣ
Ҳεı۾ɺô˵ȥɡ
Ҷڴ֮ھаʱŸоȫµƺõòˡվҶĵһ¾ϸ۲⺳ŵ⺳ŵʲôأòŵƻӡ
𺳵ǣǰûʲôĵ̣Ҳûʲôݳ޵װΣеֻһӣ׵Ĵӡ
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źһɽͭӾ޿л
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ͶӰŤ۵ˮеӰһֲеĸо½룬ۻһ㡣
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ЩͶӰȫһһƣͶջߵ֮ϣһʱһôĸо
ҶƵɴ۾ϸĶһͶӰͶӰһޱİӣ͵һָ̳ſռȫһָȻĴɱҪĶ࣡һϸָͣԵ棬óƿֵܼ
Ȼǹϸܡ
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뵽ҶƸоԼȫµѪڷˡ
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ͻȻҶ˫һƺ뵽ʲô˫Ĳ֮ȫŶͷһĨԴ˲俪ǵĿ
Ŀ˲䣬ҶֻоƵͶӰһ˲ȫԺһŮ˶ѡŮ˵ĸһ㣬Ľ仮ࡣ
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ôɸѡţƾҶǿľҲǲ㽫ʶűָо̫ʹˡƺʹ֮мſ֣Ͼ˶ǿЩһӶ벻Ķû뵽վͱԼˣ
컯
ҶЦݵĵ˵ͷʮ㡣
ҶɸѡҲͽʮֶѡЩһضЧõģһЩҶֱԹϾĹҲѾкܶˣȫҪࡣ


697 ̶
ЩͷȫҶƽѡеʮҲȫԺ֮СϾЩͶӰͷŵĶ߿ھļأȫҪȥϰ
ҶֻоԼõ֮ǰ˻ٴʮ˼ʵĺȥĻԼ϶Ҫ׷ɱģ
۾ҶƸоԼ嶼·һЩôʱĿսԼĵȼȻף¼мɡ
˵Ҷڵľ¼ɣϼĶ֣ȫûκѹսϵȫѹƣͺû
ͻȻҶ뵽滹ڵԼһʱҲǼæźŵǰȥ
͸޴ŷ죬ҶƿȻԶȪͣפţһʱҲǹһЦǻ˻֡
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ҶҲ޳ܵˣ˵˽⺳ŵ֮еһУһƭĸеġ
Щ֮࣬ӦôܽǴȥأһʱҶҲǸоޱȡ
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ȻҲͷ˫֮зͨĹâǿǹĺͯв԰Ρ
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ҶʮĿһУ΢΢һЦҲ֣߻˹ŵ֮С
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ҶסԼһԵ̶ˮǰŽƽ̶ˮϸĴ
̶ˮһƬǼͨɫ̶ˮƺȪͨ

һԥҶֱԾУӿ̶Ǳȥʶһ˲ſܵһо۵ס
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ҶƹѵľһǰĽ̻壬ȻӦðʦһԴ
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ҶƵͷǣͬʱаԾǰȻǰ˴ġԼǰ˵ʵ
ܹͨȪµʬһأִ˺ŵɴ˿ɼʵЦҶƣ˫Ҳ´š
ţһȤС˹һЦֲôǿԭεԶ
ҶޱȣԷֻһ۾ͿԼĵϸͬʱڶԷʵҲ岻ѡ
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ˣʱޡ㣬ɽ磬˭ȨǰԶһ˿֮ɫ
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ҶƵ˵ͷǾ̾漴ıʶ£һȵʵʲôζȻ飿
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Ҷȴˣû뵽ôõ飬Ȼ䵽ԼͷĬƬ̧̣ͷǰΪʲôҪңǷǰҪҵİ

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ҶƸоЩΣɫһ졣ʵԼ̫ˣ˵Ŀ
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ǰҽЩͶ֮󣬸оͻƵףͻ˾硣˭֪ոͻƣͱƸ˳Ҷ̯̯֣һε˵滹иıأֻϧԵ޷ˡ
㹻㹻ˣЦеתͷȥԺص֣֮ǰԼһѡʣµĶҪǹż̻ᣡ
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ʹߵĻԼȷʹߣһȫȷġɽλ֮ӣʲôأ߸ɽĿԣϣѵ˼߸ɽȨôأȲ˵ԼʵЩɻʣŬҲϲϵĴڰ
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ʵҶϲľ浶ǹԸգǱˣıСˡ˵ʲôʱһ£ʹԾںߣҶҲԼʱǧҪ


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ˣûиоǸԽЩԾҶͻȻ
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Ҷһŭȣһ̤ǰ磬һ̤ڵϡ
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ۻ·ֽ֣ڰۣ¸º
棬ʼҡҷʯǷеѣҡΣѷ죬ҶΪģ״ܲ
ڽµʯһһľ޿ӡ
оΣҶƹЦƾǾԲκ˵ġǿиƷײҲԿ
ΪҶƴ̿͵Ѿǿˣ
ߣûأط·ЩٴתսꪣҶ˹
ð
Ҷһȭը·һƣڰš
ž
֮ȫըݣκ壬ȫը촷ۡ·һŴ죬һֻֻצҪ޾Ԩ
һ̣һˣڰ۳˶ȭͷͷźغݺ¡
Ȼͣº˽Ųȫڱ۳һȻչ
˵һ㣬ɢγһŴͼͼޱڣƺƵҪͼ
Ҫңȳеɣͼв˸Ȼһĵ֮һ
꣡
ͼ治ϵشܳޣɵģ޴顣
飡
Ҷ˸ӴĽ⣬ֱ֮һɫӰ˳˸Ź
Хۣһ
ɫ͵رҶƻӳȥͬƺƵһɫӣ޾ƴҫ˸оʮֵ𺳡
ǻͼҶһȭֱӹᴩɫ治ȼ⣬ЩڳȺޣһӾͱ÷飬Ϣġķ򡢹أҶƵһ÷顣
ȻڰһӡǡڰУŰСձŤһòɢرһСɽҲҶһȭನѿɷĩ
޴ը죬ͷǡ
ҶƣΡɽУգաǿƴҶ籡
ؿЦŲ˲ǵѪصĿ˼Ϊֹˣ
ҶҲɵ֣һ˿ʧ֮ɫأܸоûʹȫ
ţʹ˰˳ɵʵҲ˿ε
Ҷ̾˿Ϊʲôʹȫأ治񫣡
΢΢һЦʹȫҲĶ֣Ϊʹɵʵɣ
ҶȻȷ˵Ĳĵƶûб¶䣬ǻնС
չֳʵҲȫʵһѡ
Ȼ˵ô˵ҶƻǸоЩɨˡֻܵ˵ͷðɣ㣬߰ɣ
ҲһԼۣʧЦɣҵӶŪˣ֪ĻΪҸձһأ
νڱУһѧү㻹ô𣿡Ҷ

̾һҲ֪ڸ̾ʲô
ҶͻȻ̧ͷʵ㾿ҪصʲôʱأУһ׼ʲôôһүԼİɣ
˫֮еɫҲ˻о𽥵ȥò˶ãҾҪ뿪ˣ
뿪ȥҶЩ졣
ҿҪͻƵˣҾʱȥһˣҪǣҵ;ǳأ۾ҶһЦ
Цݣů


705 
һϿڣϿܽԶǶݣΣޱȡأ졣
ΧһϿȣԻȣǶáֻһʮնϿȣ߸ߵɽ絶档Ҫţͱͨⶾȡ
ɽ̡ʯ£޷ͨȵײΨһͨΨһͨŵͨ
ǧ̬ª֮Ķ棬ʵȻǿʤڶ࣡խĶڣܷӳ˵ս
ңûܹǣʼҲЩ淳ĲУͨһΪʱһµΧˣȵĶɾⶾķֳǳֲʮңֱԵ³Ѩʯͷ϶ĴСռݣܲ
ֱŲóһҩȥ֮ԲЩĹ˵Ļܷ񴳹ⶾ˵ɼǿ߿׵̤շУϼɣʮ򶾳֮£ҲԵޱС
ŵĴ֮УڲͷµĻ㱨
һİСߣֻС۾Գһ죬˸ɭĹâ˲
ʲô˵ˣµĻ㱨֮͵صɴ۾ŭ
˵˵ͷûϰɱҶʧܣҶҪԣţ
¶һ˿ЦţߣǿЦǶȣܽеʣ£ҵϣܴأҶưҶƣҪϣһƤȻԪ붾֮Уÿ춼֮࣡
ţˣҶûиڹһ𣿡ͻȻ̧ͷ˫֮˸һ˿׺֮ɫ
ڣûУԴҶƸ֮󣬺ûʲôˡ
˼ĵ˵ͷҶɣԳҶҪʲô£ܹɱϣ
Թ֮ɫӶ˫֮˸˲

⣬һӰվɽ֮ϣԴһ˿𺳵Ĵⶾȡ
ɳɳɳ
ϵĳӾǺһ㣬ϵȥɫ˳һ˸߹һˡͷƤը亹ֱ
ôӣҪôܹȥ
ŽüһӡͿ󣬼ӷӢԿԵǧӡ
ڵЩª˶ģ̬֮ڡצҶƿһ㷴θҲ֣˭ɽĳӺҲеëȻ
ҸôͨѵҪӲɱһѪ·ҶƵϿȿҲʮƳҪһȥҲԲһ׵顣
ҶˣԼŵԣҪţ
֮ǰ溣ػص֮ۡ󣬾һ죬Ҫǰšںؿдŵַ֮ҶҲǸ˺أˡòײҵ˿ȴⶾ֮⡣
ںأ˵Ҫȥʲôط³ǵĴѾǺˣҲûʲôֵĵطˣȴԼã֮Ľ죬³ɾӼ
Щ棬Ҷüͷ֮ŶԲߡ
ڵĵӣһɢЩİ취Ͼǽŵһؾ֮·ҶԺѸٻ뵽Ҳĵ˵ͷ
סһŵĵӣ˵ʳǷʲô
Ҷ΢˶ҲĵȥϢһ˫۾ĶŶȡ
ŵĵӳȥ߽϶ҪģԼʱֻҪãǾ㹻ˡ
ҶǺĵģȻ϶飬Ǿͻ᲻ȥ
һʱʱ
ҶȻû˿ͷţټһţûеӽġ
ڣҶǰһһŷεĵӣӶȵľͷ߳ƺʲô̼Ķһ·ЩȻķֿóһ·
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˵ʵǿ¼ɶѣҶƸûнСʵĵӣҶһֻ־ܶԸˡ
ܿ죬Ҳ߳˶ȡȻһ·ûκζϮƽ˳
Ҷ۾ھšֻҪһԼĹΧôԼĳ֣
Ⲣ˵ҶûȶİգҶԼֵʱ򣬻ᱻڵ˲𲻵һ䲻Чˡ
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ҶƾվϿ֮ϣ·𽥵Ľ˹Χ
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ҶһȭϣֺǵλҶȫһȭ˵ͷᱻֱӴ򱬡Ҷʹֻ˻ȥѣΣ
ۣ
ѪҲ͵ش˱쮷˳ԶԶˤڵϣһԵĻ˹ȥ
ҶƺٺһЦǰһ͵ضס˵͡Ҷƺһų˵ָ̤֮ȥ
̤棬Ҷƺѹš
֨
һ죬˵ļָʱҶƺݺ࣬Ѫһء

ҪʹĺгͱҶƵסˣֻܷ˻
۾Ҷƣ˫֮ȫǿ־֮⣬¶ڲ
Ҷָıӣһһٵʲô˵ʲô㵨ҽкˣͷĻһɱ㣡Ļգ۾
ʹ飬æͷ絷⡣
ҶĽ⿪еţҲǻ͵һҴ˵
ΪҶƵ֮пɱ⣬ɱɣǰӣоԵİտԽԼɱɵɱһѹһλߵѹ
㡭㾿˭ɤƺΪҵʹЩɳˣһ˫֮͸βסĻҡ
ҶЦ㲻Ҫ֪˭ֻһ仰ŵˣǲɢɽڶķӣ
һ£æ˵ͷ
ǺãʲôӣңһҶ΢Цˣ˵΢Цβסɱ˿ӡ


706 Ӳ
ѣǧ֣Ҹ㣬ȫ㣡ƺȫ˵ӣŽһЩȫг
ŵĵӣһƣƿԷֹ˺ҧ˵ţͳһƣݸҶơ
ֱ䣬Ͳںڣӡһɷġ֡
ƣͲ¶˺ҧôҶЩɻĽƷŵǼ⣬ᣬһӴ̱ǵζȻרŵҩˮݹ
Ȼ˼æͷҾĵҲ
Ҷĵ˵ͷתͷǶȣһʱпǧ
Ҷûǣ˵ȥĿ֮Уһ˿Թ֮ɫ
ҶƻعͷҲϽеԹȡ֮һǫĹ
ѣ£ҿ˰ɣĵЦ
Ŷ
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ΪʲôѲ˵ֻҪҽⷨӸѣһ𣿡һţЩš
Ҷһֵ˲˶ʱ˫һĵȥ
ٸˣͷã˳ͨȻһƲãƭҵĻιⶾɣ
ҶһЦƴ󲽳Ŷȥ
սϿ֮еʱЩҲֿһ·ĳڵҲҶƶ淭
ǰ˼Щͣס˽Ųһɻڴʲô
ô£
Ҷһ㶣ƺô£ΧӵĶôһ˲ȫֹͣסˣ
ܾǳӵ˻̶ëȻ绮һ㣬ڰҶֻоԼҪ̲ס³
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Щƺһ˲ʲôʶɽƺĳȺĳҶ˹
ôһ˲䣬ҶֻоնûӴĳȺڱסˣκη
ҶƷŭû뵽˻ƭԼƸûã
˿˵ʲôҲˣЩɲˣ
Ҷ̧ͷзŭ֮ɫһЩӴԼܸģʯĲ䣬ʮ򶾳ҲԼܹŵסİ
ɲǼ䣬ڶҪʱҶƻº׵ȼһŸ͵Ļ棬ʱһžЩ˹Ķȫս˷ɻҡ
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Ҷƺ˫͵ػȥ˴ƬĻ⣬ŵ֮裬ĻţƬ滯ɢȥ죬ΧЩȫճ˷ɻҡ
ȥɲУ
ȻһжЩ˵ãǱϾܳáΪĵ̫ˣҶΪмɵʵҲסİ
ϾⶾʮΧĳٴӿҶͷƤ顣

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ܿ죬ΧһƬĶ档
۽󣬴ƬѩǣɰǧĶȫ˱һצ˶ġ
ܵĶҲԽԽ࣬˷ǣҶͷۣҲѵ˿̵ĹƣһСģҶƱֻҧ˸첲ϣ
ⶾ濴ͷȴĺܣݺݵҧҶƸ첲֮ϣ
ҶƵƤӲͲⶾܹҧöġҺ֮кžĶأܿҶƵڡ
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ЩʵõģǺܿͻᱻѪڻΪԶʣǲκζصġ
ôȥ϶ҲǲУҶֻ˳
ѾԹȥŵӣҶһ˿ϴˢķŭ֮⣬ֽݺݵĳŶȥ
Щһ˷ܵ˻ţ˵ҲһԵȥǧĶȥ˵ֱӸǡĳһѡ
˲ӵʱ䣬ЩſϵĶҲѸȥֻʣһɭصĹͷܡͷ֮ϣȻһ˿ѪûУҶҲǲòЩļݣȻ˶ݵʱڽ˳Եһɶ
˵Ԫҽ˳ȾͳЩɲŹζ壬ܿ˵Ԫ֮Ҳ˶棬ЩԼݿ˵Ԫ˸ʹĻڲҪںֻоԼ춼Ǻӿĳӣ˵һݳޣֻܵ£
ǾҶƣȴҶƵϣһ˿
ҶЩͬһĻϷһ㡣
֮Ҷƣܣ
Ȼô˵ⶾȻҪġҶƿ˼ڤ֮һ취
ԼΧĻһԵĳȥǲǾͲЩ˺ҧأ
Ҷ۾һ֮ѸƱһȫΧγһʵԵ塣
ҶƸǿ첽˶ڡ
ΧԲ־Ȼƶһ͵ʹ˺ҧ֡ҶֻоȫǶ棬ֻһ˲䣬͸˷һ˿߶û͸ֲָûа취Ҷֻƾű׼һȥ
Щ̬һĶ沼棬ҶƵսľȫǶ棬ȻҶǵ˻ֻҪһǼݣɫҺҶƾ͸оһ䣬æӿ˲
ȻЩͻƲҵҶһϲ˷ܲѵ
Ҳκʱ䣬ӿٶȳһ߳ȥΪ˺ҧǺܿġòһ鼫Ʒʯܵٶȼ죬ЩֱӱӲײɳȥٶȣȥҲʲô¡
ֻת֮䣬ҶƾѾһ·̡żƷʯĲ䣬Ҳ΢ġôһȥҲܹ߳ɵӦ󲿷ͻ¼ˡ
Ͼŵĵ̣ҶҲòСһ㡣ʮֵľѣҲûġ


707 ֮
֨֨֨
Щ߾ȻϿȣһҲǷŭܲ˹ҶֻӳƬɨܣʱɨ˴Ƭյأֳӵ֫塢ɫѪҺƮɣ֮˱ǣŻ
һƣҲ˲䱻ҶƸ˻ȥ
ʵʱҶȫҪЩ棬ֻҪǰ߾Ϳˡȴô룬ԼĻ˵ǾҲ
ȻôҧңҾ͸һѵɣҶЦţ͵̽ȥյһָʱƬըѿЩٶĳ˲䵯ɡ
Щ֫һڿУѾȫѣɴ˿ɼҶһµ
ǳɱģһһǧֻһƬ綾ĺͷƤ顣
ҶƻͻȻڳһɹɽɫĻ棬ӿȣļ¡
ЩɫγһԶӣҶƱӰӴ֮ϡ
һﳢ
Ҷһͺȣ˫ֽɫУ͵سǰ˦ȥһ˲ݿһ㣬ǰռѣǽɫɨȥʱֳӲҽԼ֫ѵﲻ
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ЩӲĵں֨֨ѽѽҽţǶûа취ڡ
ҶƲûԼϢһһĳŸϿȥضǶݣƾҶ֮ǰڶѧһЩ֪ʶȻܹ󲿷֣Ҳʮ־
ԭҶΪԼڷѧ֪ʶɽ֮ȻûôУҲֻǷëǶѣϾʵ̫ˡǵɽ֪֮ԭһЩ֪ʶɽҲǿͨõġ
ͱ綾ЩĶҩԼֱ͸Ųࡣֻڷرѣʵʻһ
ǰɭɭģȻŵĴˣмӰƺںڰ֮УעΧһС
Ҷ˿ûз΢Ц̤ĳǰȥҲûκαܻ䣬ԼӦֹ̬ţ
ҲһˣҲǧӣҶһ£ҪɱˣϾ˲Ҳˣնݳ
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ЩӲ¼ɣǲʵˣǶҶ˵ͬ׵ĸûʲô
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ֻŵһСֶѣҶҲ£ϾĿǶˡ

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׵˲Ⱥ֮УЩŵ˵ˣһӾȻ˽ӽһ
ʣµЩŵҲ־ŭʩչԼֶΣҶϮ
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󣡡
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Ҷһưѹȥ˲ŵӱĳ
һʱɽǰȷѪƮڿ֮УɢŻµζ
ǳϿҶƱԼɢȥĶΧ˷ܲѡҶƲ㲻ͱûʲô
ҶƲôɵȥȻôˣǾʹʮɵİգ
˻
ҶԵĸеЦЩ첻κЧһ͵شЩ˲䴵ɢ
죬㿪
ǳһ±ɫæкЩŵӡ
˭֪ⶾ˼ûãǱ˼Ҹ˻һ¶˿ɶˡ
ЩŵѸ㿪һǱѣ϶µɫ
ҶƹһЦЩ˸ڸͲ˶ѣ
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ҶƵ͵֮һץ֮Ͽռѿһ޴İƴ̽ǰƱܵĻΧţ˸оӭһȵˣ
֣֮
ҶüëһȻҲ֮ǰںŵѧ֮һ


708 ɽ
ǳȻû뵽ҶƵĹǿңûʲôӦͱ֮ϡһҽУ۰ֱͬӻУѪȪһ˺ԶΧЩŵӣϵѪһ
һЩĵɣֱӱˡҽĴӣʱͱЩԶɢˣЩ˵ˣжƨ
ǳ˲ʹĲȥԼΡԼȻôһԼͬʵһˣܵôң
ôôܣǳϷŭĺǻû˵꣬ӿоðཹཱུѪݣ壬ǱҶֱӸˡ
٣λҲûʲô취ֻܿԪӳڷȥ
Ҷ۾һУ̧־һָ˲֮еȫˣƺžĿ¡ΧХڶ
ǳϵԪŵҪ͵ץһλ¼ɵŵӣӵԼ
ǵӻӦ㱻ҶǹƶڿС·ȫΪʵʣһ˼鶼Ҷһ¸ˡ
֮ǵǼѵĳ鴤£һ£һ룬˲ը
ȷѪ꣬Ĵ䡣жŵζҵѪζ
ͬԪһըˣûκԪĻᡣ
ⳤֶ˺ݶҶҲüۿǳϼҪɽڣҶҲûѡ׷ɱû뵽ⳤΪ˱סԼ˵׾ӵ飬Ҳ񹲷ߡ
ЩŵҲ־ŭһĴӡһɢɳû֯Ҳɥʧκεս
Σ߶ˣ
Ҷƺաһµĵ˲ѿƬӣҳʯɽ
ЩҲǱ˵ӣҲβκսƨȫɽڡ
һҶҡҡͷ϶Ц֮ɫȷֵӸȤֻŵܸҶһս
Լ֮ǰضԼǧһҪСĶֶΣҶûкԣҲεļСܹúظеֵģ϶Ƿ֮
ǳȥҶƻûж⡣Ϊã˶ǲʹʵġ
ʲô
һŭ𣬽һ֣߳ԺХźɫ쫷磬ǿޱȡ
δ˵ףҶƵһ뷨ǣѵǶ٣Լ뷨ǰ˿ȻǿʵֻмɣǶġ
֮ҶҲͻȻ˾ǵںٳʱڳһߣƺϳԼ
ĿŵҶƵϣһŵĺ㣬Ҷƣô
֮ǰϰɱҶƣǱҶɱˡϿϼɵʵҶƵĶ֣ôԼмɵʵ񲻾Ͳ
Ϊʲô⵹ҪˣŲһֱжд̡ö𣿺ðҽˣ뿴ǾܰôҶƿſ˫֣һΨҶӡ
񣡡
ǺҧأоԼ˫ֶڲɫҲΪȵķŭ԰ֽʮ뽫Ҷƴ֮죬ûҲԼҶƵĶ֣Ϊ㷢ԼһʱĿ̲סҶƳ֣ǾԼԼʬɣ
߳ģмˡǽԶһϮ۵Ĵ磬ЩٲȻͬƣ⼸˾Ȼмɵʵ
ϣ˭һɭƵ̲סȿڵ
Ǻס˷ŭһһٵҶƣ
Ҷƣ
һŵǸ˴ϵҶƣ
ûֻоͷƤ飬ΪҶҪţĶȾ͹ܵˡ
ǧ㶼û뵽ҶƾȻĴǶȣҵ
ѵ˵Ҫôһʱ䣬Ժ֮иֳ治뷨
ϴμҶƣֻһϼɣʵȻ֮ͬٮٮߣǶǲһϣ˭ֻ֪ǼȥҶƾͳɳΪĴڣʱ￪ʼڣԼΪʲôûûɳʱɱҲžһ
ֻô룬Ѿˡ
ߣɱ˴ϣƾʲôƨЦҪҶƣмＸһЦǸƲסĵĳ嶯͵ؿ첽˳ȥ
ٶȺܿ죬˲䣬ռھͶ˵Ӱۻңֱ治ĸ
ۣϵƻһŵ۾ԶԶĿţҲǾѡ
ϳˣҶƿ϶군ˣ
ǰ˵Ҷƻأǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
ŵҲǸţȻǺŵġ
ϱҶɱ飬ǲ֪Բôֹ۵Ŀ⡣֪֮󣬿¾Ͳôˡ
ιϣ㲻Ķ֣Щĺ
ɲŲʣмЦһëͷСӶѣôĶ֣۾Űɣ
ͣ
Ļ䣬֮ҲͻȻݵڿٵš
ӰǺѱڵ̤֮ĲѸٽӽҶơ
˸żĹʣͷɬ촽ƺѾҶƵ±Ӳ˺ѣѪ쮷ɣ
ȥɣ
оⱬ֮мźХķռ䱻Ƭ˺ѿӰƺѾԽ˷ٶȣӰһֳ⧲
͵ſָӥצҶƺݺݵ˺ȥǺӷ·ôһɲǶֱ˵ʿ֮˸ɭĺ⣬һЩʵõĵӣԶ˸ս
ϼͣ
Ԫһĥ
溣ÿ춼֮ܵʹ
ЩŵĵһҲǼѣƴ۾ϵĶ֮гڴƺҶϵһжŲȥ
Ҷüк˸һмɣ˵˿ѾĻӰסˡҶƲͬһ̤棬֮ѸŵĿϢſһз紵ݶҶԺ֮У
ֻһ˲䣬ҶƾͶʮӰչ˷ÿһӰһһΪϵı壬϶еĳһӰ֮У
ţ
ҶüëһĿâҫˡ
ҵˣ
ҶƼޱȣ͵ػعȥͷһǸ͵Ļߣ޴ֱָţΪңռ졣


709 
ʲô
Ҳû뵽ԼĶȻҶ˼򵥵ĸϤˡֻôһ˲䣬˰ģһʱҪڴϢıλǸˮգ
ΣֻܽۺǰƺҪֵҶһţ
ϱٶȾͺܿ죬ҶƸ޽һţߺݺײ춯صıը
磡
ҶƵΡȻͬһߴ̩ɽȴǲҽһڶֱ۾Ȼһ˲䱻Ҷ߶ˣ
Ҷһţֱӽֱ߳࣬žһڵء˿ڴĹͷƺģѾҶϡˡ
໣
ܲסֶ֮֫ʹɫŤĹڵأţƺҪ⼫ȵʹͨ㷢
⡭һܣ
ҳֻþˣһǻþ
ЩŵӽԶɴ˫ۣŵĿһĻû뵽ǿϣȻһž߶ֱۣ̫˼ˣ
ҶϷʵĿŹǰϣָָϵıӣһһٵ˿̸ҹ£ҲûѹǮ㣡
裬裡
Ҳʲôʱܵ裿ŭģʹǰһھȻ˹ȥ
ٶȷɿ죬Ѹٽ˻ɽǰҶƵ֮УȫȫǾ衣
û뵽û뵽̶̼꣬Ȼɳɳزûɱ㣬Ⱳڵ飡ϵڲҶƲˣħԵħ
Ҷ̧ͷͦأڴˡ
ΪԼΪۣ֮Žɽ֮ڣ
ħϷŭѵ¶ִӵƲô
ҶƹЦҡҡָҽţ˭ȥ飿ɽ޴ÿ춼Сڸ˭ŵĴңִĽ飬Ϊǻỳ𣿡
촽ڲ޿κΡ
Ϊôţ
һ𣬾ͺǹѼ˻һ㣬Ϊƺ̲һֱʶв԰Σ
ţǰ̹ǣڹҵ
綼·ߵһࡢѪȵϢ纣һ˷ӿҶưУ
̤Ьٴȫѹ򡣱뾿ôҵ㣬û뵽վȻԼˣҪҵ㻹ǲأҶǰ
ޱ޼ʵĺڰ·˲䱻һ㣬һߴӺڰ֮лֳ̤ȣҶǰһɰƴ˾ͷ·һʵĳնɱһУ
İСһȳҲʮֵĲײࡣⲢӰɢĿֲʵ˻¶̲סڲţ
Ҷоâһ´ߡȻδǽƾϢϳˡţӵʵģҲһ˰ɣ
ŵҶЦŷʵЩСϷʵǲĿ治ӵķݣ
ߣ
´ҶƣµɫҶƵĻҲǲö񡣾Ͷ䣬𶯣ɱ·ָܹ̽٣

Ϲ
ЩŵһҲҵԼһ㣬ͷݵˣڳˣ
Ҷʵ̫ţ˽ѵ
ԣ˽ˣ
Щ˹Ҳ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
⻹ôһа̣ҶƲƲ죬аԵ
ڹ꣬ҲڿϳôҶƶŶĿǿơɱ¾ϢԷһ࿹⣬̣ܿӲְͬ塣
˫֮ҫѪɫâ䣬һֿ־ζɱϣΪһңȥôУ㲻ţҲȥѰģ㲻Ҫô⡣
ҶƣŭΪһ֮飬ȻֱӴǰһǰɱһλϣһλϣȥŶûˡ
ǱһǿΪҲˣƫƫһ󱲣һֻмʵСӡ
ԣҪѩܣΣҲҪҶƻɱڴˣҽͷ­£ɽ֮ϣԴʾˣŵǲַġ
ߣҪ־Ϳ㶯֣ĥĥʲôҶƺǲмƲƲ죬ʹ򵥵ļ
Ҷʱ߳ŭһȫɢϢ̧ȣǹһӻ۹Ⱦɹ̽ȰΧȻҶƵݺһն¡
ڹâ֯ɻԵķ籩һӾͽҶƹ棬Ͻɱš
飡
·̤汻籩һըʯ졣ҶƵӰɲ֮ʧڷ籩С
Ҫ˺飡ݵ֮¶һ˿δ䣬һХ籩ɲ֮䣬ѹȥ
ʲôЦҹ
һǿŻȻ˺ҹǹ⡣Ũڵķ籩һӾͱɢҶͷӳһ裬·ս
Х룬һʱƾճ־޴У죬ͬȫȼյ̫Źޣſڣ˺ҧһ쫷磬ƬУһӾȫյøɸɾ
ֵҰһˢˢĺڰȫʧ¶Ǭ
ڻĺҲ顣
ߣ֮飬Ҳǰ񣿡Ц޾ڰҸǬɣ
һ޺𣬽еľ޴ɲ֮ͱܺɫ渲ǣҶƣݺһնһ˲ضȵӰӣֱ⽣Ӱȼգ˸оĿ־֮⡣
֮УʱನΣ˵羪κһ಻û磡ݻ֣֮񱩴󣬵ˮҶƣݺɱҶƾʵǣһͺȣˢˢˢȭ֮ǰҪǿٱ
ȭ
һȭһȭϵӣʮ˲ʮǿƺҪĻӲÿһȭڷӣڽڱǣ·һӣըһ˸߹һˣݿ࣬ޱߣ
һɹɵϣȭڲڶ̻̣žܾɱ󣬾޴ѣУҡβҡҡ׹
ȭҲҶƴӺŵϰõ֮һ޴ǿҶʹ绢
Ҫ죬ڲסҵۣҪأҵģҪ⣬𡭡
̡ơɢ
Ҷһ˻ٶȰθߣȭۣݺݴ֮䣬ʱһƬâ޷ݣжɨ


710 
ӴɱϢӭ沿һʱ̲סĶڲ
ΧЩӣһɫŲѣעŶҶơƺȫҶǸ۷ˡΪҶԣƺܹռչţȭҲһһǿԼǳС
ֱӱɫҲû뵽ҶƵôӡ֮ʵǿܹӵеġȻҶϼʶˡֲôҲҶƵУôҲǲܵġΪҲʵ̫ˣŶ̶̼ʱʹһɳɳܸԼĳ̶ȣôɳȥ񹬶һ̨
Ҳʮֵľ衣ֱʱŰҶƽȵĶ֣ҶƵĵȭҲ󣬶Ѹݣ硣
ֱ͵ػ֮Х׹
飡
ԲɽʯͻȻ䱼ը졣һ˲ռѿһӣҵƺХų
¡
ҶƵĵȭݺݵĶƴһôһ˲䣬ƺɫ˲ȳȥܹ׵˺գƺƴʯɽ
ͣ
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ҶҲǾ֣ⶾȻǿ󣬿֮£ĺܹˡԼǵȭȻô򵥵ıݻˣ
ǲ˼飡
Ҷ۾Ѹٵ˺󼸲֮ľ룬ͬʱԺ֮ҲڼƻһνֶΡ
Ȼô룬ǶȴκλᡣҶ˿ҲǴһֱչԼֶΣ
һӣ˲һɫζĶ˳ͣһ͵˳ȥ

ƽ֮ͻȻ޴쭷磬ЩȫҶƴȥ
ߣҸûãҶƳƵŶƺΪ֤ԼĻҶһǶ֮У߻ơ
ҶӭŶ߹ȥҲǾϲޱȡ
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˲䣬Ҷȴ֮⣬ŶɢǼʶġ
ܿ죬Ҷƾ͸оڴʹһʱҲЩţﶼǺˮ
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Ҷ˰أֽܿžͻˡΪоԼڵЩأֻһ˲䣬ȫѪȫɵˡ
ҶƾȻһʮĸоƺԼոձһ٣Щƺƾ䵽ڡ
ʲô
˫˲ɵþ޴ΪŶɢܹҶʹǰһĻȴζŵġ԰ŶɢҶƾһȫûµһɰȻվͬһƵɽ
˿̵ҶƣƺΪɽ壡
ضСӣȫûðɫŵѵ
ЩΧΧ۵ĵ˲һһʧǡ
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ˣŻʲôڵأоʲôĶأ˼ҶȫЧǰ׷
ҧأһһٵֲܹƵĶأȻˢӵģΪֻöǾʹشˣ
ͣ
ƽ֮ͻȻƼĻҳ鲼ס˵ߡ
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ˣ
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䣡
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ļ˿켣֮͵شܳ磬âƿڰʹռ仯Ϊ硣
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֮оȻߣҶƴȥԽԽԽԽ;ʯԼռȫը٣ըϣ
ֶεȷ
ҶĿ֮⣬Ҳ΢΢һƺʲôԲߡ
Σ
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ҶƵȻʹ˰ݣһȵˡһؼ˲һ𡣵γɣХ
ž
͵ҶƵ֮Уûжʲô˺Щ׵ܵҶƵĲٿأƺʱܹһ㣡
׵ϴ֮£ɢһа񣡡ҶɫӳĲ԰ףҲ͸һ׺ݡԶҲҵģȻȫԸ
磬Ծƣӿ¡϶ʱʮСͻɽһӱͬʱ緢۽ӿգնȾѪɫ
Ҷ˱ֱͬһ˱ǹ֮䡣ΪĳУı
Ǻݺݵײ֮ϣƷҲǾܲס޴𵴣ԶԶɳȥĶҲڲϵţâ˲٣Ҳûôǿˡ
ֱӱǧףҲҶƺò׵֮£ſͣס˶
ȿȣ
Ҷɫͨ죬ȻܵشҲŲСǣ

ⱻõ˳ȥҶƶһԭޱȵ룡
뿴ͨ˭֪ڶУȴչֳǿǲ˼顣
ѣöؿҲѪӿʹ
֮£û뵽Ȼ˵壡
Ҷһŭȣܵͬʱͣ͡һ룬һۻϢبŲϢĴɢڵҽҲֹͣӿ


711 аȻ
ը֮ķɽʯҲͣڰաֹͣΧסˡ
ʱ䣬·Ҷƾôվߴͣһ̣һӴɽϢ˲ͷ˳
һӴĽ֣֮ϣһȽȽգҫ۾
ǹɽɫâĲ˱仯һΣ
ɫԶ
ǽɫڰ֮УҶƱǿѹѹڳ˵񾭣ǹƼ޷ֱӣ
ɴ˫ۣŭȫⲻŤţƺһֵĹơ

ƤѪҺȻ֮伡һԭһҲһӱ߱׳һˣ
ƤԶѿѪͿȫɼѪѪͬӣӿһ˲򣬱֮ǰ
һСһ͵߱Ϊ˼͵ľˣ
ȥɣ
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ҶŭһӰŶӶȥһ

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ʹŶ۾ɴؿɢ
Сƿɣ
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ҶƳһͬʱǰһ·ʱԽǧɾ룬һȭȥȭͷϣػˮ磬ŭ·Զž󣬺ݺݼ̤棬ǳأŭĵѡ
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ҶƵȭͷݺݵھצģƵˡ
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ҶԳһмЦ⣬֮ʵõȻ׵ˡֻҶͻȻһХ·ѹõĻɽ緢˳ƴޱȵȭͷϣͬͬʱǧը
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ЦȴһشݺݵôҶƵĿڡ
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ҶᵽˣӶϴһϤϢϢ֣аȻңðƳϸܹԲͳ˵Ϣ


712 ʵ
аĴɢŰţ˸оֻɲǵʱ䣬ܵѾɢı鼫Ϊϣ˫Ǻһ߸̧𣬲ϵ֮趯ţҲдʣƺ߶ʲô
ƣ
Ҷ͵صɴ˫ۣϤƽݺݵ֮С
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ΪˣǻҶһö£ŶĽ£
ǽɽģɽҲ͸Ҷơ
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ҶǿһЦǵø˵ǹãһҵģ
ǵҲǼæȥͨʣǸһĶҶƣһЩľٶ
ҶƿЦѣ룺Ҷ˳ˣǾȻŲôѵҿô


716 Ϣ
˽ȥͨˣҶҲǸоеЩ̫ˡҲ͸ʣǸ̸ţôȥˣ
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ҶεҡҡͷҲ̫˰ɡԼ̽ӵĻ
ûʲôҾ֪һ£ҶƿЦѡ
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ڵĹͷ˺üÿһ£ھͻᴫĵľʹҶƵǳ˵ģһ·ϾȻôһһߵǰ˵ҲԶݼ㣬ɲһܹӵеġ
֮ǰһֱýģҶҲоʹʱĵʹȻٴγ֣ʹҶ졣
ЩڸЩｻֵʱǿײµġƾҶƵǿ̶ȣһɽͷѹ£ҲһܹѹĹͷ
֮ĸǾˡЩײȻûʲôʵѾ˺صˡ
ҶʮģоЩ飬Ҳ־ͳһöƷʯٵ
ҶƲֵֻ֪һСȴǿŵĵ˲ɴ۾㶵˵
⡭⡭ǵӺݺһĭŵĶҶǿʯݣҲͼƷʯǼƷʯڶûж٣ǰ˾Ȼҡڵóʹãǡ˱˰
ҶȻҲע⵽ӿɫ΢΢һЦûˡ
ܿ죬һŮӴɽ֮߳͸һʥϾϢ֮ǰǰȥͨǸӡŮȻǴˣݽɽ
ڿҶƵĵһۣЩɻġΪҶͷ棬ãɢһѪζƵһۻû˭
Ҷƿ֮ǰһæֵ٣ϣǵ𣿡
ҶƵ֮Ҳǰһ첽ǰ´ҶһҶƣ㣬ôģ
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Ϊǵӡ֮Уϳȥ֮⣬ûжһôһʱҲͷƤ˾˭أ
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Ũȫ£ѵĹͷĽӻȥȻ˵ļָ̺ܳҶһ㶼֪Լ˺أԾҪҵһ㹻ȫĵطԳʱͻָþһĵط
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ѹȥʹҶҲһʼ
ҶƲ²⣬Լնзɣٵþ²ȫָ֮ڣӦþǰȫģҶһҲġ
¾°ɣȵԼȫˣҲ١

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ϢʱлǺ𺳵ģҲһ˷ܡϾŸڿҲǶͷˣű˵ĵȻڡ
ɫҴң˿֮⡣ʵӿˣűҲǲСˣ˷ԲִӶֵˡȴûκνҲ֪ŵ˭
ûüͷ˼ڤţűִǸסģôܲôöûһ˿һͷأ
ôţǰҲֱӴ˽ȥЩŵĵȻϵ壬Ҳû
ߵǰƣҲǼæ첽ȥƣ֪ͨڵĳϣҪ̣
ƼһôһŲѵӣҲǲҵæԸȥЩǰ
ڣѾڵĳǡ
ŷϧʸȻϵģȿڵ壬ô£ջ˵ۣʲô£
һĿɨڳеĳϣͣŷϧϡһһٵţˣһڶû£
ʲô
ŷϧɴ˫ۣŵ
ĳϣҲֵĿ壬ȻʵԱл̬ȡ
ƶ˶٣ɨ˼ۣ壬ɿЦ


717 ˷
ûпЦЩͷҴ³ǵõϢѾˡŶΪ˷棬һڶûҲ֪˭ȻֶͨΣǣΪ֮̾
һʱ䣬˭Ȼӡ
űţִӾȻûв˭ɵģЩ˼鰡Ҫ֪ܹŵģ϶Ƿ֮ЩִôҲһ˿أ
ŷϧüͷűţ˵ֻòҲһСЩҲûҪ̫⣬Ͼûʲôϵ˭ţֻ־ͺˡ
˵ͷʵҲûб˼Ҿ뽫¸ߴһ¡ű֮ҲԽˡ
壬ҶǰЩʱհݷãѾ˷ϢˡͻȻΪոջ廹
֣˫һæףٵʱֻҺݺݽѵһǻӰ˼û뵽ֻǼδֵʵô࣡Ȼʵˣ
˼һӰҲǻ񰡣
˼ǻӰһξۻ֮ϼڵƣԴһġƸ÷Ӧ˼أҲͺܲľܾû뵽Ӵ֮˼ģһֱҪһڴ
ʱں֮ϣҲǽݺһֻǱҶƺݺݵؽѵһ١
ӰҲʲôöǻҪһҲ
Ǹˣںٳ֮գȻһϵĲоǲ˼飡̾˿ƺҲЩ𾪡
ϵĲоŷϧŴͣ𺳵ϢҾͿӾǳ֮û뵽̶̼꣬Ѿ˿ֲĳɳܹóϵĲо컯Ҳǲ٣
ڣȻҪдҾȥ֣ɫЩ˷ܣҲ׼뿪
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Ҷʱƺˣ˵Ҫڷںúõĵһ£ԸҪȥ
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˵ţҲ߳汼ôãȻҲ۵òУҪȥúϢһ¡

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նеķɣȻǱôã
ǿķɣһ˿ͼֲסɢˡҶƵǿȻҲǼ
ʶģˣ͸оԼһƬ޾ɳĮĿռУ¶ǰţ֪ԼΪγҲ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ֻ֪ʱ˺ܾãȫùˣڷǰţϣһ߳
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ȥҲһҪȥɳĮԵѾԶˣҶ촽Ҳ˻˵
ᶨ֧ҶƣȻƣ˼ޣΨ־һֱӲĶ
ǼչȥˣҶ־ҪʱڿɳĮļԶһɳĮ֮ϵţһ޾͸ϵľšɢһεٻҶ۾һһ˲ƺȥ
ԽǽӽţҶӸо֮һɾ˵
ˣмǧײȥٴκľ̶̵ļǧ蹵ңɼ񽥽ģƾһǱʶ֧ǰС
ʵУڵҶԭͻȻһǿââ˵΢ƺһɴϨ
Ȼâһֱǿ˸ţ͸һɶƺħ޷ֹ񻪵ţһţ
صĿռУҶʬ㣬ʶţŵ˲䡭
䣡
һӴӿƬɳĮĿռǿҶƵһ֮Ȼӿڡ
գۼҶƵʶȻѹٶȻָţ͸أͼۿֳ
ʮϢʱ䣬ҶƱоʧȥ»ˣȻⲢļޣ˷ܵǣеԾڲϵӿڡ
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ɲǼ䣬ҶƸоԼһµأһָӸԶľ磬һδ̤ĸ߶ȡ
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˷նеķ֮ҶƾȻһΣ˲²ⲻ


718 ϼ
ϼɣǾΥˣҶưͷϴһ˿΢ЦˮܸۣնеķȻܹ˵ҶƣͬʱҲܹȫҶƣôһ
ҶƴӽɵսΪϼɣҲͶ̶̼ʮʱ䣬ٶЩɼڿ̾ΪֹϾŬһ֣ҪĻ츳һ˿ǧ꣬ǿԴﵽɵʵġɸ֮䣬һˮ룬ǰٷ֮ʮ˶粻ȥǵ
㲻ٷ֮ʮҳǰٷ֮ʮ⻹⻹ԶΪαɵĴڣ蹵Żһˮ룡㹻ǿͿֱӽΪɣ֮ͻΪαɣ
αɣֱǱȽʧܻҪʹһ顣ΪʧܣȫлٴѡǵΪα֮ⱲӾҲûгΪɵϣˡ
ϼʵ˴ڣһģ̫ٵġϾ˭Լһͻɲɣαô죿ǿɾҪһˡ
ҶƵȫûⷽĹǵģڼʳˣ컯ԵϣһͬʣͲκο۶ôѿܹնһǰ

̧ͷҶƾĸԼڵı仯ԣˣٶȸˣٶҲˡ
֮ӦòԶ˰ɣҶ΢΢һЦЦ֮дżֽ
ͻȻЦԴɽѾӽǧˣһֱǱʵϵͷһֱͣͣսΪľܹúõĥԼԼʵҲԼûжֵֿįС
ԴԼ뿪ԼȺŮ֮ǧʱһֱСȥ룬ԼƲס˼֮飬˵Լ
ϾǴӦɶģԼһҪԼʵ֮ܡ
ˡҶƵͷ֮͸һ˿įǧȥˣҲ֪ȺŮôˡɶɽѩޱᶮ£Ĵ󵨻濸˵ƤɰԼһνݵֵܡ
ʱȻһ뷨Լѡɽ磬ǶӴɶҪЩϵɣԼʵǿͲ
һҶվ˵ʵڵģȥˡ羿ʲôӣԼЩЩˣЩֵܣûб仯ô
߬ȭͷҶƼᶨô˵һҪȥ
뵽ҶҲȻ֪ôܴɽ紩磬һа취ġǸ͵˻ʱʸػˣʹɽ絽ôȻ֪ôģҲͱ˵ȷַġ
Ҷƶ־߳˷䣬ֻ˲оͷͨͨࡣôôã
ͻȻоԼеչֱֻۣҡҪԡ
ûпԼʱڵ֮γӴķ粨ХŹγȥֱӺƺƵĴڣ¡¡쳹ڶԡԭſĵӻûüӦͱҶƵһӴ˳ȥصײǽϣ
磡
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ҶŷӦЩ˼ͷٺЦ߹ȥǼӷֻѲûγʲôʵԵĳЩΪҲûʲôˡ
Щȴͬһ㣬æҲƵˡ
ҶЩεͷҲ̾һͻȻʶһ£漴ü
ǰྻԷǽڣҶƿԼ硣òѪ棬ͷңϻҳֲ֮ǰƿĵһۣûϳ
ǼĳζƮҶҲЩΣæ˷֮ڣɾʹϴ˸裬ϵĻҳȫϴͬʱӿռָóһ׸ɾӣ֮ǰڳ˶ģúܡ
ӷ߳ҶƼֱǱһһݿ㣬ȻѾǧ꣬òԾɻӵò棬һܹԵǧӡ
ҲΨΨŵŵľվſڣ̧ͷСĵĿҶһۣԸ³ˣøȥ˵ǡ˵£
ŶˣҶЩ˷ܣһαչ֮ãԭΪ¾ͿԸ㶨ͻȻĽףԭļƻ
ƻϲϱ仯ҶƳɹȻҲǳ֣ʱֻʹٱ㷢еĺ׳־
ǵģ֮ǰһˣ»ûˣԸң˵
ҶƵ˵ͷҲ˷ܲѣ̤ȥ
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壬ϣŷϣҶЦŸ˴кͬʱҲ߽˴
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֣ʿյĿ࿴û뵽һôɾʰ˼ʵƺнɣ΢Ц֮ǰҲܵҶƽ׵ǹƣҲǾޱȡ
ҶڵʵѾϼˡһμʱԼмɣҶƲֻһɶѣ˭֪ôãԼǧ׵ϼɣҶҲѾʵˡ
Ȼ겻ѣȴûһ˿һļʣ֪ԷʵôһʲôûģĸҪȳ˶ʮٱܹĻԵҲĸ֣ΪѣֻΪҶƸеˣ
ҶƴֵĶ˹ƱһҲЦû뵽ʵҲϼˣǿϲɺأҾһ
΢΢һЦҲǶ˾Ʊ
¶ǣҶҲǳɹıʳš
Ƹŷϧûв죬ֻ΢ЦעһС
ｻȵҶҲЩУɵÿʵ壬и㣡
˵ͷţ֪޲ԣ
ҶƵһƣǴ½ģҪȥˣ֪ûʲô취ܹƿռϴռ䣿
üͷһƿռôȻûԹҿԺܸ˵ĸ㣬ܵģ
ΪʲôҶЩɻ
ҲӦ˾ӵʵ룬ʵɵ½磬ܵôӸλƽⶼᱻƣҲԲλɻϣΣ
Ҷüë΢ȻҲ֪Щδ֮ǰһɽ·ˣҲ˵鲢ȫܣа취쵽ģ


719 
̾һĿ֮мһЩǣ֪λظҶơ
ǿܾҹªˣΪҴûԴλӣεֵ̯̯
Ҷоƣ̾ϢҲûʲô岻Ҫ̫ϣλİ취ԼҾͿԣ
ʱһһ仰û˵ŷϧͻȻ̧ͷ˫֮зų⣬һһٵλôҿа취
ʲôҶƼæ̧ͷŷϧһ˵ѵӡŷϧƵʦҲǼʶ㣬û뵽Ȼ֪λķ
ƸҲһĲţȻҲǲ֪Щġ
ҶƼæվŷϧһƣŷϣͽ̣
ŷϧҲֽӹ˾Ʊ΢һڣĴɻʵȷּӹ̹λ֮ıݣɽһλ棬ռݸǼѲ״ơҲɽΪľٴ룬ⲢܴȫûдԽλķ
Ҷƾ۾ţҲǲϵĵͷŷϧ˵ַ֪
ŷ뽲ҶƷ˾Ʊӣ˫۶סŷϧ̺żΪǿҵ֪
֪񹬵Ĺа취˴ƿռݵģҪҲʮֵĿ̡˿ϰ㣬ôһⶼӭж⣡ŷϧһһٵ
񹬵ĹҶü漴оһСԷ񹬵Ĺȴɻʴ֮ߵˣԼƾʲô˼ҰԼƾԼݣ¾˼ңһõɣ
ǵģֻôһ취Ϊ񹬵ĹһƷԴƿռݣ㴫͵Ҫȥĵطÿһδ͵ĴҲ൱޴ġŷϧһ
ҶƱ۾û뵽һοԽλȻôѡ뵱ʱλǶԽģûжƣɽ磬Ĵɻʺ˱ݣɲͿԴƱݵġ
仰˵ɽһ޴ļԷҪȥûôˡ
Щ˵˲Ǹû˵һô
ŷϧεʼ취еģûУǵȷѡ˵ЩҲΪ˸һЩϣ
лŷˣҶƻǵлˣȻⷽǲɣǱϾҲһ˿ϣܱһ˿ϣûеģҪõĶࡣ
ٷҶƳԵЩƣȾҲûкʹ죬ӶЩ顣ôܹҵ񹬹ƾԼ˿̵ʵݣҵô
忴ҶƵƣҲļ򣬵ҪżͷȻֱôģҲûһô˵űķ֮Ҳܱ
Ҷ֪ڰοԼһʱҲЩж
壬Ҷ
ҶҲˣһ˶Իص֮УҲ컨оԼеҪصȥЩԼֵ֮һִĽɽЩһֱڵȴԼļǡ
֣Լû취ȥ
ԽԽԽԽģҶҧгݵһȭǽϣʱǽں¡һ¡ҶûȻ䶼ݡ
ҾͲţû취صȥҶҧص
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ͻȻҶƺ뵽ʲô͵شӿռָ֮һö˸ŽĻ£֮У㶵ĳ
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ҶƵɴ۾Լ뷨˵ЧΪ±Ը˵Լֳֽȥǣ˵ĿԼˣ
ԽԽҶЩڸ
ֻһ˿ϣҲһҪȥԣҶ߬ȭͷһ˿â
ʱҶƶһͻȻƺҲ֮ƿ˳ȥ
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ҶһڵӣʵѣǷʲô飿
ǵӿҶƴ粻һ㣬ҲϳǽĹͣҲǼæһӰ̫Ȼ˴˼ſڣ˼Ҫдһǿɶ񣡡
ҶҲüͷ˼Ǻ˰ۣ
ƿȺҶ˳ȥԶԶؿɽ⣬˼һվǼϢߣȻʵΪǿ󣬶ϼɣ
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ڣһȺˣ˼Ц
ɫЩѿһֱסûжֻ֣ǺӰдĻȻԡֻǲ֪ڸʲôסڵĴţͨʲô˼
˼ɫʲô˼ϾҪ֪ˣ
˼ڹ˵ʺ˰ôҪҪٺݺһ٣ʱһ˿˿Ϸʡ
µľϵĳǳأһȫİ
ڳЩʲôһ̶ʧʿͣԭĶԭأΨ¶𺧵ı飬˵ˡ
˭˭ȻӰƣ˼˭ǿǻӰӰʵڿҪǿһصģڿսôڱذɣ
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ҶʱһֱûʲôϢƺ˼һҲ˼ջҪѰңûҵ
ʵʱҶǱںصĸֱۡȥɽ˼ȻҲˡ
˼һֱоԼ֮һаû취㷢ȥҲĺܡǣȻȻľͽڵϡȻҲҶƳǾҸһɡ
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ϼɣǻӰĳϣԼѾĸϼˡҲϼɶѣ˼ʤȯյġ
ôҲû뵽ҶƾȻ
˼һ̲סĳ˳ƺ뵽ʲôԼϼʵĳϣҪҶô
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721 Ԫ
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峤ϣ˼һŭ˫ֳס˻ĵʮָɾһն䣬ɲǼ·룬һĹâ˸ҵĻӳһȻ˼ȫ
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˼·𷢷һ㣬һͷ衣ͬһֻѾɱ۵ҰޣĴڴŴҶƵֻ
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722 һϰ
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ҶƼ״΢΢һЦת˼˼Ŀռָмǰѻ޵壬ΣͰҺˣ
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Ҷİ˰֣ĺˣҽȷкܶҪԾͲ߶ˣ
״֪ҶѾԼ뷨Ҳǳ̾һʮֲᡣ
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СģǵҶһˣֻɱ
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ŷϧ˿ϷãҶƸ־ȫͬ־Ըǵһõڷ󣬵ܿ־ߣֻ̨ڶ񹬣ɽ磬ϷΪָ
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֮ǰ׼ߵˣĻҲЩ𺳣æȥҪһѡ
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ʹڵϷţⲻ֪ԽϮ巶ΧԽ㣬һֱǻƤѪһĵ罫Ƥİ壬ûһ˿ѪΪڵѪֱӱϢˡ
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͸޾лŵľл꽣͸޾ѹִʹߣ޾ǿҲͶеĹ켣
ҲӦӦţΪľл꽣ǿĿԣ˿һЩҲ˼ţ֮ҪƵл꽣Ĺ
Ͼ˱˵һźǴرᣬǿɾһģԴ˶ı֤Լ͸¶̫ǿĵƣΪĻҶԸԵֶζû̫׼ȷ֪
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734 Ի
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ȵײһ𣬿Ƴ漫Ϊͨǿ˫ײ֮ճֵѣ޾ŰĻϢ͸Ĵײ

һֻƷֻֿӿռͨˮƳƣħľҲų˿ڣ˴Ѫ
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Ҷƺ˷ܣ뿴ڵܸԼôľϲ
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ȻˣôҲͲҪħˡѾڿҵر֮ˣӵսܵĺĻܳԿǳԿҪſӦαʵսأ
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һ͵֣սܶӲ˻͵ǿռ֮ͨڡӰʧ˲䣬ǿռͨҲ˲ϡ


736 辶
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пܣж죡
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737 Ȫ
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739 ҵ
ҧأܸܵԼڵˮһٵšôȥĽ϶ǶᱻҽĸڻõģԪ˳ȥõģֱܾܿĸ֮»ɢˡ
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⧲֮䣬ҽȵļͷʱһĽϢҲûֵܵסͻܽ
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дϲһԾ͵سȥ
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㣬ôָܻҶƣʵ벻ףΪʲôԼòײҵĳڣȴͱԷϤˡ
ѵԷԭԼǧ࣬ǡʹȻҵǶԷȴɵһּȲƽĸо

һУתɫͨסԼ
Ҳ̫ѨһһĵģǷŭ˼㡣
ҶһζŰЦѵƸϲ㱼ô
ЩͷĿѣտʼûҶ˵ʲôͻȻоһѸۣӳǹӡ

̴ٵһŭĴӿռָ֮ȡһѸٴϣ֮ǰѨȫڻҲûü
Ҷϴ΢Ц·ڿһϷ
ɫǵͨ죬ƺǸоԼܵ˳ŪŭһҶƳ˫ȭݺݵѹ£ư磬ӾȻҪҶƴˡ
ΪƸʱôǱұ裬ҲƽĵһΣҲֲôˡ֮ǰҶԹ۵ӣѾŭ죬һ³ɺ޼һҲѳֲסԼ
ŭŭ죡
һĳڵľ޴ӡͬһֻϣֱҶƸȥˡ
ҶüëһҲ鷳Ȼҵ鷳ǻòͷˣ
˵ţҶһĳ֮ϻû۵ĻӰݺݵĽһķɣ
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Ҹղľ޴ʮģܹǿҶһȭҲʮֵĲס
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ôҲ뵽˼竣ϢģǻӰȴǼٵģ
ɫ䣬ҶƾȻֱӸƸ֣Щ²̨ҶôֲԲֽģֻɫͨԹۡ
쵰֪˭ҶƴĿ¹ֱһ׳һɫССת⽫С
꣡
ô᲻֪أƸѵԺҲɵôҶϷޱȵעƺˣ档
㣬㣬㣡
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ҶǿƥСһ˲ѣ޴Ľɫӡ£麧Ȼǿȫʹܿ㣬ôӵôǿ
˸ĸǿˣͷͼʱ䡣
ҶһСô漴һƴɱǺӣûоͷ
͸ԹĹâֶһɫСӡɾǽǰȴû赲ãֻһٴαҶƵľƴ顣
ЩûõɡҶһһǰв֪ʱסһѳìһ͸Էĸ
ⳤìȻǿֻƷκʹⳤìʵ̫ǿⳤìУҲǿ˲ŷǿģ
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Ȼֻ˸ɣǿǸоôĹûʣ޷Ҳû취
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ۼǵͼ֮ϵӰ޴Ӳ̤ҶƴЦһȭӭȥֻȭͷǿÿһѪж̺ų޷
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740 ɱ
Ҷ˫һ˵ֱûϥǣֻ޴ĵͼķѣеӰŻޡ
۵³ѪȻĵƣͼʵóɣͼȻܴϸոջָһ˿ٴμء
ѵˣôܻӵôǿʣ󺧣Щ
Ҷһֻ̣㣬Ҳˣ
ԷκεĻᣬгìһΣŽһգ۵һͱڣ˿У
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Ҷ¶ζЦݣ𣿡
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ʵУѾڴСˣԼֻҪסʱ䣬һԼŵĳϴɽ֮߳ԼӦþͰȫˡԼ˵ЩҲֻʱѡ
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һ̣ü߳һˣӰźۣ͸λߵѹ޾ĵ˿˿˸š
λѣϷƸ֪ɷϷһӣŹҵͽһ֣Ҷһ֣ԵüΪ
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ƸĳϺٵĳǰ˿ϵѪûüһη֮СҲǰͷʣ
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ȥϵĴ򶷺ۼôɵģ


741 ɱ
ʹһĭղſʲôƸҶƸɱˣΪ군ǣƸȻ˻ӰͷϣϻϵķŶѾƸǷŭģԼеŭкڻӰϣ
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ҶƾӢ湫һ࣬һ΢Цڳ٣ࡣ
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ϵĻҳˡƸн۾˵װνӣʵѾˣ
ҶһȭļƣЩⳤϡ
ǳϴҶƵУ֮ɫһʱŭľ޲˽ӽ꣬ûô
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Щ죬ҶɱҲЩ𺳣˿̿ҶƱסҲΪǱģΪԼûܹӱܳȥİ취
飡
Ƹŭһͬʱ˫ֽ棬ݺһ
ѾԴһ˿ܵı۾Ϊͷ˵õ֮ԼѪԣ
ֻһ룬ԼͿˡ


742 ޱ
ʱһһĹȥƸüͷ壬ΪûκƽʱǲģΪһмǿαɵʵ⧲֮֮ҲҪϹͷ
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ҶȷҪǿͬһЩҲֻǿһЩѣϲûнС
˲κʱ䣬ͷ亹ۣӳǰҶһĳŪ֮ɫҡҡͷƺЩɸ֣
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ڳԶǵһԶ˼ĶҶƣǿʲô
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ղţۿҶЩŵİƣǿݺһ£һˣαɣһ¶ҪϹͷҶûУֻһ£˶ѣ
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УһֱЩ
˿ҶɱտʼҲûзϡΪ֮ǰɽ֮УΪ˵ֵܽѾķ̫±ҶɱżȻԵĳɷ־Ӷࡣ
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꣡
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ȴԽսԽֻоԴԴϺͬɽҶϲϷţХ˶顣

ҶƳƵٶȼ죬һ˸ƵĹ켣ЩҲüͷȫʶ̽ҶƵĶһǶͷ亹ԽԽ࣬˫ȭҲǲ߬
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ΪʲôһֱĬĬŵĻӰǿ󣡼ֱеˣ
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ڳͬҲЩ𾪣˺üǿȶסһһٵˣв󣡶Ǳѻãǵ˵ĻǾͱҪһֶΣɱҡ֮Уܹɳȥˣ룡
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ǴûмսǿģʱսɼһɣҲӵսɵʵ˰
£̫ˡ
һ˫ǰǸӰӣһ޷Զǿ½ƾҲܸƸĴƴһлء
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ҶӢӰƮݣʵǿԸֺãֱԼҲίԼ
Ӵţһʱ֮ϢƮĨΡ


743 
ں˼ʲôأô뷨ͻȻƺӻ֮лعһڣɫͨ졣
Եûзӵ˫ȭ߬Ľģͷ亹ðҶƣƺȨסһˣύ϶ҪԶԶڸ˵ġӵһĵˣǽһޱͷ۵顣
ս֮ϣѾ˰ȻĽ׶ΡҶƸϻ඼䣬лأսң
Сҽղնɱڴˣ
͵سһǹҶƴⳤǹӨ͸˸Ĺ󣬾ȻһǿľƷ
ҶҲʾ͵ؽԵĻ˳ǻʵľƷǰĴϣĵͷһ£˸ҫۣ
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ս֮ϣƺӴһƺҪ̣ƺƵĳŴϷɹȥ
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ÿһƬ꣬ͬ񲯣׹̻棬ʣͬ֬·Ҫ
ǿƥҡأƵóǹ֮ϵһĨĨ⣬˲ͱʮȻ
ҶƲûݺһɨݺһˢ׵ĳ͵غȥХ
ŭţɨеˣȻᱻյʬ޴棡
ЩΧΧ۵ԶΪ֮ɫ䣬һæԾҪ㿪ɨķΧ
ŭն
꣡
һƬֱ׷ײѻһ𣬷ֽ屻϶ʱףһЩԵ͵ʹס˫оͷĿѣĤҪ̴

Уǲ̡Ѫɱ⣬һӳǹԺ󴿰ɫĻǶâ磬ҫ۵İ׹⼸ҪһУռ䶼޷赲ƣһ̴
䣡
Щ˳ǧ֮ҲǸ뷨һЩ˸ǵ̸ʲôֻôȼȴʼĬû̫顣
λһּۣĬңңԶҶƵӰҲǽԶĵ̾
ҶƣûбˣѪ뷢裬ͬһͷŭʨ
ҶЦҪŶ԰ɣ
Բѣ˫һɣڵͬˮȼգըһХš
ܿðһһĲˣһռ䶼ڷڣ

Ҷƻһ̣һΣƬɫŨƣգۻۣǼƣƺҪ֮꣡ϲǽںңҲ໥ӳš
ۣܿ˹ռ䶼Ť
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𾪡ŭɲ֮䣬ͬʱ˴ϵϡ
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һЦЦ͵شŤ˳ǹ˭֪ǹǷޱȣֱӰҶƵƻѪģ
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Ҷһŭ͵ؼȥˢˢĴ̼ڳ˵顣
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ⳤǹƺԣɱҲǲĲţҪҶƵĿơɱҲ˴ϵȫôϻһĨ˸
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һɴҶұ֮ϴһ¸һģק˺üǿǹãǹȻûбҶƶߣ
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ӰʵҶƳֻɱ˼֮󣬹ѾΪ֮ͬеĶˡӰɼǿڿ֧ţǵʵڶȲϡ
ϵʵӹɵģڳҲûȥϾϾҪɼżˣսҲܹƽαɡ
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ڱ˿һĻԵúǹ졣Ӱ˶֣һĻӰȴԱ߿Ϸ漴ҲȻˣ˵ӰԴﵽԼĿģ
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סܵҶǰȥǲ֪˭ؿڣҲѪеԹһԵȫ˳

ϳХһѸٵĳԼɱȥ
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ҶһȣѾѸٵĽӽ
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ҶƵŰϣҲǳһж֮ɫӦٶȾˣ޷ĵУҲѲƤ


747 
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Ҷд¶ȵĲʡ
֪ʹ࣬ǾִԼôʹУʼǺĴ¶֮ʯ顢֮֮ǰھŽ̨ǿܶ˴ꡣ
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ٶһ˿ôͻᱻӴ壡Ψһİ취ֻܾӿڵЩȻȴֻн֮ںϵڣܻǰѹ
ؼΪԼһһҲ˵һ屶ľתһõ
꣡
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ҶɫͻȻ䣬̶ֳȵĳԲǿߵȫһˣҶǿҲ޷־ã
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˵ʹ࣬һͷԶܲסѾԶԶΧҶܼסȫƾ̬ԼᶨʶϾʬɽѪ֮ɱˣ־ᶨͬôô۷
ΪʲôΪʲôҶҧأоһƺѪӿ䡣
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755 ʮǳ
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ⲻƽԲƽ
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ѵ춼ôҶ͵˫ۣѪͫһ˲ųҫ۵Ѫɫŭϡ죡
꣡
Ҷ֮ƺǹѹˡڲͣĲţʹĴ졣
һ££꣡
תۼʱȥҶÿʱÿ̶ּΪʹļ尾֮СҶƵǿҲоЩŲסˣֱűĸоԽԽǿҡ
ʱͬ׾Թ϶ŵķɿ졣
תۼһʱȥˣҶƵѾﵽ˼ޣÿһѪ⣬඼ԣ͸ȵⲿޣڿٵӿš
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𵴵ĸűˣѾͻ˰ٷ֮ʮ˶粻ȥǵʽΪɣ
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һڻӰƸԣҲǸǿߡɣȻϡٵĺܣɽĶţ򲻻ɴڡ
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ǰӸԼԤԣԼƷĴɻʵͳΣԼɽλ֮ӣĿǰǶôĲ԰Ц֮


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Ҷ֪Լȷ֪ΪΣնоȻԼΪԭڹ۵Ķ۱ӡ˲ɽ£ȻҳһƬ
ԼͷչȥпܳΪϽɣӶվĴɻʵĶ档ʵ˵ʵҶƸĴɻΪУЩʱһЩ飬Ǹɼġ
˵ģֻԼ֪ǾͶȻĲԼ
ҶƺЩ鲻˵˵ȥƾĴɻʵĵλҲŵġĴɻʾԲ֪Щ飬˭Ҫնɱ
Ҷƾһ˵ܹϽɡɾϽɵʱҲҪĴɻˡ
Ҳֻ֮飬ĿǰҪССġ
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Ҷ͵شܻ˵ڣ˵ҽ֮УǾŽ̨һǿȻܹ˱̬Ӱ쵽ʱ٣ڱУ붼Ҫ飡
ҶƵһ뷨ǣһҪǾŽ̨һ
Ǻܿͷ֣Լ뷨жôĿЦＸޱ޼ʣҵһССֱ̨࣡
Ѱʮӣһ񡣸µǣҶƾȻûзҽĵףԼļ㣬ʱѾǱҽǧˣ·ޱ޼ʵĻɫҽ
Ҫ֪ﱾǧ֮µĵصװ
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ڿռǾŽ̨Ҳ˵׼һˣûУôĵطԼӦβҵĵأ

Ҷʧ³һʱΧҽγһƬա
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ٴλص˵֮ϣҶɵĿֲ֮ˡͷųѾһۿķĤ
ɱڼ˶Ŵڳÿ϶ſȸ˷ܡ
رǰ˵˳


757 Ƶ
ԭʮ߰˸ˣǿǴžŸ֮࣡ΪÿŵһλųϡڣֻʣˡֱǺڵĳϣȵĳϣӸɹ̣Լ
ǴɽģֻԼһˡղչ¶ǿҲ˵սľȻնɱһŵˣ
ǻǱȽġֻ˱˵û꼰Ԫ񡣱ϾһߣպԷԪһǾǲݵľˣ˭Ը֡
ϣʵͻڸղŵǳ֮УҲѾԪ˳ȥ
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ȻҶƳ⡣ˣԶǻԪ񣬻
֮ǰƸĸ飬ûбҶƷУִɱ
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Ҷƽ֮Уʮӡ˵˵ʮӺܿ죬ȴܶ飡
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ǰĵҶǰ̬Ȳôֱ˵˵ôȥ
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Ҷӿռָ֮ȡɲݣǰһ٬ʵˣ
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ˢһָ̧֣ҶƵıǼ⣬λߵһһٵ⸡ɲݣһ·
ȷЩͷԣ仰һȵǸҲɫ΢䡣
Ҷ֮ǰʵǿǼʶģܹɱƸϵˣֶζȻһ㡣
Բǿ٣
ҲǸƽְˡ


758 Ԫ
֮ǰҶ赭дɱƸϵ龰ȵĳ̲סɫҰףһʶľҪǰֹΪԼ˿Щʧȥˡ
ҶЦеĿ˿ָָҶƵıǼ⣬־ӸµҶƺǲˬʶľҪ֡סˣǲɱˣûɱˡ
ӵһʵҶƣҪЩˣҲƬ̵ʱѡ
ȻȫעҲҶеĸɲ֮ϣҶɫһһĳȥûע⵽
ϵЦݣҶȥָ˦һһٵҺָұ˵㶮ô
󣬵˶в֮дŴδеļɱ¶Ӳ˸սе֮ɫҲ˲ɢȡ֮һ֡
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ݺһĭֱʱԼղҶƵĺжأԺ֮˲֮ǰҶƻɱʱӢˣļֱһȼˣ
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䣬ҶƻӭϣӴ˲ۣ
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Ǿôһȴɫ䣬ʶҪߣȴоƮƮһƺԼΧĿռ䶼ˣôҲӲһƵĻ
ȵĳϴʧɫӳѸ٣ҲƾоֱӶ׼ĳһƣһƵǿޱȣҫ֮ԡ
һƣҲŹ켣ײҶƵһƣ
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ɫ粻ĿҶƣȴ˾κˡ
ҶЦһ˫ۣעȻ⸡ɲ̰ģôͱȥˣҵĶģ

ŭû뵽ô˵ҶƸӣȻҲסΪȵ˭֡ûӣ֮ǰҶƸ϶һҲԺ֮УѾڿٵķҶƵʵˡ
óĽ۾ǣҶƶ൱αɵʵƾԼ˿̵Ҫη壡
ԣһ˫ַٵĽһֵӡҶƻ
ӡڿγһ޴ûĴƣԼʮ׸ߣҶɽһĺХ
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ոͷųģǻ氡
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Ϊ°Ŀʼڻٴξ˻ϴһ㣬ճޣ


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ҶưͦأĿбӵĴǰ߹ûĶȴо壬ѹֵϢΪŨĲ˵
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Ҷ֪Լ˵ʲôôϺ϶Լ뿪ѨҲʲôˣΪЩѾ̽ˡǸ߽⣬ԼҲԲʲôʧġ
һҶƻѨ֮УͨϷʯڿԴơʯ֮߹ԵѨڣм֮ڣȻŸֻ


762 ָһ
Ŷڵüëβסľ⣬עҶơ
ԭֲϷ򵱳ҲûҵͨϷΪϷҽһֱûдһϷˣ˵ͷ˼
ǲͽСӦü˰ɣͻȻһת
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Ѩ֮Уʲôջ𣿡Цеģ˸оǲ
ǱϾԷǳЩϵĹǵġҶƿ˼ڤһᣬҲǻشƺҲǴ֮Уܹʲôջ˵׼ܿҲͻƳΪɵֻãȴǴ߳˶ѣ
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ҲǣҲǣһʱҶƷ겻ѣԼӦôѡ
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Ҷֱӽؿڵ˿ڶסͬʱҧأԶѪٵϵơ
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ҶƸ㶼㣬ٿǽɫ־ݺݵӭ򽣹⣡

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Ҷڸƶ֮УҲԹԵ˼ţԼҪɱʣ϶ôףҽǶɣǰķ˿϶Լ޷ܵġϽۿҪͻưżΣʱͬʱӦ˵Χ׽⣡
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ҪɱңҪɱңҲ
ƺҲֽܵڵϡ鲻䣬ͬһȫС
оԼ˸ܵ˼裬Ǵ˿̸ǸŭԡԷʵԶԶԼԤϣǿߣ̤ƽҲ㹻ˣ
ЩӣԼĴʦֱһҲǲҿηˣһЩѪԵĵӣҲǻȭͷҪȥƴǺܿͱ˻ȥ
ٴޱȵǰɱңҲףǣ˭
⻰ĿһۣЦû뵽ͦйϷƸ˴ĿģӦ
ͫľң˼ֹסԼеľκˡ
㡭Ϊֵģ
ңӰǰ飬һһٵŭϷҪӰ̤Ϊƽأ
߬ȭͷӰ˼Ҳɱ֣Ѿǰ뿪ˣӰһλڣʧȥֻʣԪ׼ء
ûˣƸ͵һ֣¶˲̵ЦݣһһٵѪծѪ
ϣ񻹲֪ԼҵˣѾҪ˾ͷ


774 ޴ĥ
һƸȻԳһʧȥԪ񶼲Źɴ˿ɼƸҪĸӰսˣݵս
ҧһë֮սȴԽԽáϾΣǶ֮
ҲûбӻӰϣֱӽϢ˳
ǰȻô˵Ҳֻˣͷ۵һ˿ϲ֮⡣ԶƸͷϣûע⵽С
꣡
ڣʱһƬЩһĿ¶֮ɫĺ󱳣ָָ㡣
ϼȻڵĵϻٵǽֱӽˣȴҲʧȥȣ˱ϲ˵ʲô˽϶ҲҪָָġ
ЩӶû뵽ȻôûֱӾʹӦ˶ԷҪ
˲аûаǡʦִʱ˿̵ΪѾЩͨĵвһЩҡƽޱȵĴʦ֣һ̾һҡβĹ͹һ㣬Եĸе
Ǵ˿ڵڣЩҲûĵλߡϾѾָ˵һμ̳ˣڵʱ򣬻ϾˡһЩߣֻҪкŵģԵõִУ
˼ôɾĽ˻ӰϣһʱҲЩƿԣ޻˵ִֻС
ɫ䣬ʶһȻ̧ͷǰǻӰϾڴ˴Ϣ
Ƹ͵һ˿׺ݵĹʣ漴һ˿Цݡָ֣繳ޱȣһţɵ͵չ˳֮жʱһӴһ˲䴫ӴǧףһƬȺķֱƷɣ
˲䰵˶ͷ亹졣
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ƬȺ֮Уһ
Ƹûں˵˫۶ĶԼĿ꣬һָ֮ٴһ
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ϵԪ˲оʧصĸоϮֱӱ˳Զɽ֮Ϸȥ
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ʱ򣬾ʧȥֻʣԪʱͨʱǱĶĴڶԻɱǣ
һʧȥֻԪôضҪѰıӻֻܱ֤ԼİȫЩŵȻ˵һЩɢɾ鷳ˡ
˵Ҳȥû˲ϡԼ
֮ǰյվڷ˼ţԼҪôػӰѵҪô߻ӰֻʣԼ˼ҲѾҶУԼҶȥѨֵƸȣҰ˻˻Ӱͷϡ
Ļʢŭ֮µĻӰֱɱԼй߰ɣ
Ͼ᲻ѵʱ򣬷ͻȻһɲɿܵƿţռĴɢҲ˵һɹ֮
֮вδع֮ʱһ˲Ԫֱ˳ȥ
Ԫٷţоʧȥ֮Ưգۼ䣬ѾԽǧף
磡
͵ײһϣŸоͷĿѣðǡԼĲӱӲࡣ
㡭
ԺԼĴտڻδ˵Ƹֱһ󣬾ҵʹഫ̲סĴȴѹ˺֮У˻ߣҲû취˿
ڲϵֻ֣ҪϢˣ
˽ԶԶԣĿһĻķҲûκα飬ֻǾĿһС
ʵԴӽ뿪ڵʱһֱо̨տʼòûʲôرģǺŷ̨֣Աߣƺ̨ܹıʱ٣ٵıǣһ
Ҳ˵̨Աߣʱһ
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㣬Ȼ̨ãǲûнȫʱ޿̨̲ԱߣȻûջŽԼעУҪڵĹ죬Ҳʧˡ
ֽԼѪƳһΣ档ĿĺܵҪ̨ûκηӦ¿ֵԾˡ
⾿һʲô
о˺ܾãֻ̾һҲһ
ΣֻȽ˵ⶫĹû̽ƾܸıʱһ;ǼƷУ
뵽̨ڶʱͻƳΪɣȻٶȸһͬʱ䣬Чȴ˵һɴ˿ɼ̨жôǿ
ջ˼ĽȸѹȥôԼӦõ͵ԼڻڵΪ˴¾͸ӦýСģ

ϵԪҽ𣬾ͬɱһ㣬쳹ɽ˶̲סһ¡
Ƹ˿û棬ȫƿǿû˵ϵı壬ܹ޴ʹ
⻹ģΪƸѾƶһķֻҪԪУǾԻܣ
㡭㾿˭ϾֲѣƸֶΣѾǼȿ־ˡ
ƸЦţ˭ͲҪ֪ˣֻҪʱ֮Уޱʹĵжȹ
㣬㣡־ŭĿĴɨӣûܹ
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ϵĿ䵽ƸؿڵƲʱϵʱ򣬻һƺʲôæ̧ͷ׼ڣȴƸͷĴϡ
ұ죡Ƹ͵һ֣˲Ļ˺θ˻ֻܷСưһʮң
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ǰˣǾʦƸĿģýָͷ붼ó϶Ϊ˸İ
ҶɱãӰνûκιϵ˭֪ţƸȻԼ
ӣǲ׼ŹԼˣ
ϸоԩԹ졣Ҫڱʲô˵ǻӰǼðģǸ޷ڡ
ƸͻȻӻһȭͷСĺɫƿӣЦŰοƿ
࣡һӰʱһ˫飬˲ɵͭǰ޴



775 ǡ·
˶еͷƤ飬һЩȽˣȻǻȥˡ
ΪǸƿֵģǵصĺɫ߰ߵ㣬ڿзţ˵ڶһ˻ɢ
ȫĳӣ֮зţѸϵԪЩÿһĴָСȴǳǧ򣡺ȻǸСƿӣʵҲһǿĿռ
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ϲҽţЩԼٶ˺ҧϵѪ⣬ʹ͵ģжˡ
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ˣҲޱϣûһ˿һ֮⡣
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ߣսڣĥеʱ䣡ƸЦѡ
ǣ˾һ˻ȥ
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ǽȥһСķʵη
Ƹɫ˲両һ˿Ц⣬͵̧һӣֱӣɱȥӰ
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Ƹôһֻоֽ̱޴ʹ
ҿֻǴҴһƳȻĵԼ᲻Ϊܲסѹԣ
սٴθգ뿪ɽһŷԼѾʪ͸ˡ

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һɫ̤ǰһ˫ϸעҶƣ˸ֲ˼飬һ˿֮ɫ
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þòҶŬԼƽˣǺصĸףǸյԼϵ֮󣬻˶ټƷʯĺ
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Ҫ֪⸡ɲݿǷŵԴӷű˴ɽ֮ɨȥ֮ⶫĺټˡǰִǧ֮Уǿ
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ҶЩšӣBһЦ˳СܵܲõģƷȻǿ󣬽ҲȻģ
ҶͻȻüͷǣһֱڸң
˵仰ʱҶƵǺġΪ֮ǰͷų˵Ŀûз˵ĴڣһֱڸԼĻôֶεжֲ
ɫ˱䣬˵ȴBֹסˡ
BЦû֦Ҳؿڲ϶ҶһۣĵСӣʱȥ㣿ֻǡ·ѣ


776 а鱨
Ҷƺɲѣϸһ룬ôɺϣԼսʱǡ·ղŵһж۵ס
BҶƲԼʼ磬ʾΡ
Щȥˣֱ̤һˮû˵ȷǡ·ûʲôҪ㡣ֻǸղڸоսϢơǡÿնɱλһĻ
˵ҲЩɬʱҲˣɹǳһλɡ
ǼʹҲȫûͷųղҶʩչһѾԶԶԽķ룡
һֻһͽ𣬲ͬԪһ𣬶ϸСĳ
һһܷӳʵ˵ĹͣѲһƷôã
˵壬ĵףҶҲһֵĿ־֮⡣
վˣҶûɲšǸԼĻʲôĿģǴ˵вûпʲô𾪣ǲ˼顣
ʣλȥδҶƱȻûղŵĻ϶ӾҶȻҲɵľƹǸ⡣
û˵BͿЦС䲻ȴǹĺܣǵõа鱨׼ȥһ⸽аԴͷ
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ԭǳҶʲôһ뵽ԵBֻñ첻ԡ
B΢Цһа׵ָСܵܣ㿴ôѧ͸ˡа壬ǶЩаֳȥаռ֮˵ĳƺ
аռ˵壿а壿аһʱ̫û˵ĴʻҶԺ֮Уʾ֭Ҳ벻Щʲô˼ЩֳɹĹĺģֻܵɴ۾BܹԼ
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Ҷƺܾԭôһ
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˵ʣɻʶĹԼνɽΪһʷĴɻʶȥٵǣ㲻㣬м
ɽʮ꣬Ȼ±ߣż֪ĻǾɱն
һ̾Ϣ֮У񹬹еĴѶʯǰαϣı۾

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ӰҲɢȥ̨ɽٴλָƽ

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Ҷɫɵĵ˵ͷ˿̫ףܹռ䶼յڻŤĻ棬ʵʵĴڣ˳ͬСһ㡣˭֪һųǾʮǳɶûа취ӣ
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ûʲôǷĺˣ̫ȫҵĲٿأǸõ˵ǣҶƹɵ̧˫֣һ֮еĻ档
ͻȻ뿪ģѸײڶ֮ƺǰһɻԵ֣ǰռ˲׵ıһ촫һƬգܹĿλ棡
λһģ͸֣µĿռˣֹɽλȥٵͼλ棬ɱӶƻλ֮ڵƽ⡣
ĴӺڶ֮иֳڶҲڿٵ޲ţ̵ڶܿ죬ʮ״Сĺڶ޸һ뻹Ҫࡣ
ҶͷЩ˼Цٺ٣ʵһûȫƿأںˣǿԷˣ
˵ţҶ̧ͷȴֺBӵǧ֮⣬ɫ԰ףո̫ըķΧ㽫˸ȥҲֲӵôԶ
ʲôЦڶ棿̲סĴͨ죬ŭɶˡ
ҶƵһ֮е̫ʧͬʱҲһЦģǲõˣ
ŰŰɵ߹ҶƵУǲš
ˣBӷӦȽϿ죬ͻȻɴĶô󣬿Ѿ̨ɽˡҹƸ̨ڶȻǲǻǿ㴩̨ɽֱӳ̨ڸȥɡаõϢǾ޲ˡ
ãҶƸԶһͷѸٵԼϢǰ·

ʲô
̨֮ڣһɷǵüͷʵ
̨ɽڴ𵴵ƺը֮ǿһЩӵʱ̨ɽΧֱӱǹ𵴵ѪֹѾ͵ҩȥˣһҲǴҳĹǰ
ţһ˿Ŀ⣬¡
ߵͷƺ˼ʲôɫ粻·뵽ʲôѶ顣
ҵֳѾҪˣڹϣǧܳʲôӣһӰ֮еЦ
ɫ΢ЩߣָָӰȴʲô˵ֻһ̾Ϣ
㣬㣬˵ʲôãȻȻа֮Ⱦ񹬵˷֣ſɾˣΪȷŭڲ
ߣֳ㻹ִԲʲôҲ֪ҵʵͰⱲӶûͻˣа˾ܸаûڵʵҪ֮ϣӰЦѡ
ɣֳͶ뵽аĻ֮аɣǸʱֵܶ˵ʵʵķԾֻҪаĲɽ磬ʱҾǸаһսм˼ҲǵģǸӰ֮гջ󣺡УֳûзôԴа֮ûа֮󣬾ѾˣȻһٻаĴı񹬵˷֣ⲻڵĺעһɣһа壬ͶĻ
͵תͷȥߵܣ󽨺֮뿪̨ڣӴ֮޹ǻûϵ
˵ţ߷ȥ
ӰҡҡͷЦֳ̫ˡٻ֮Ҫȥпڣһϵˣߺߺߡ
֮߳̽һ̨ڵĵӣϣȥ̽һ̨ɽڣʲô飡ȥأ֮̽ң
ϼɵΪȻҲڵĺĵӣߵĻҲǹһϹתȥ
߳̾һϣҪ£ɹϵ̨ڵİΣ
ûгɣڵõߵ֮Ϳٵĳ̨ɽڷȥԽ飬ҲҪƯƯɣ
ٶȷɿڵţһٿԽʮףֱԱٶȶй֮
쵽ϵ̨ɽʱͻȻͣ£ĿɻĶǰһȺڵˣʵܲȻǿĲǵɣ󲿷ֶʵƺѡ
߹ȥԾһʯ֮ϣӸµĸȺˡ
վסǰ̨ڣʲôȵ
ЩͻȣҲǱܵĸеһæ̧ͷԴһ˿ֵϷ
Ⱥɧһᣬܿ죬Ǹǿĵ߳һϹ̨ڵ˰ɣǶǴӸĴѶģǵĴӱ޸ռˣûа취ֻӳ޴ȥϣ̨ܼڣΧӣҲһס
˫ֱԶ˵ľηĿ⣬΢Цţϲ˾ηձĸо
УԴǵľܾǵмĴõˣҡͷֻ̨Ǳĵӣ߾ʵǿĳϣЩˣǿĲֻǵɵʵʲôʸ̨ڣ


790 Ͷ
ǡǸһеĵȥ̨ڣûеڶŴˡǸǴˮԣֻһٶڣи򵥵סٴ⵽Ϯ
Цѣ͵һӴ֣Ĵ䶼̨ǳʲôˣվҸǣ붼룡
ûЩ˷У󲿷ֶɵʵֻһȺ϶ѣֻҪԸȺϵ
ҪϣܸһᣡǸæǰ߳¡¶֮ɫΪ˶޵ϮѾ뿪˴䣬ٲҵһط»ᱻβٴϮ
Щͷ͵һ̧ţݺݵ̤һµ棬ǵɽͻȻѿѷ죬˾Ŀ֮У˫͵С
㡭ʲôǸɾ֣Ȼ֪ɽ˭ȭͷ˭˵ĻһʱҲǸоޱȵĿ־塣
ʲôҿ㲻˳ۣΪ㵢ҵʱˣԣҪΪ˸ۣͻȻһ˿ɱ⣬ʵʹ׸ҲûκѹһеӦ
ڸʲôſְ֣һʮСƺһĻסˣֵֿĳȴһסˡ
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ߣһȺϣ˷ҵʱ䣡͵һ֣ϵѷ겢£ֱӽǵɵȻļж棡
ǵ˫Ŀͨ죬һĲҽ𣬴Բǧסҵʹ̼񾭣ȾȻֱӱгĩѪһĴ䣬ѪϢΪŨ
סСӵĸ˿һĻҲһ»˹ȥԱһЩ˼æ϶Ǿ֮ɫ
ǸСٵĳǵܹȥһߴšְ֡һܹ߱ȥȫǺĴڡ
ǵɽƾֻ֧壬¶һ˿У
СŲʣٵܹסǵɵĲӾͿޡǵɼĲˣ޿κΡ
һĻҲǹЦ
ߣСӣϵеôĿԼĸȥһôõ鰡ѵĴЦţгſ⡣
СΪţ»ŭ͵һĭ³ȥ
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ͻȻıˣɫȻӶô飬ǾһȥˣЩˣҲһȥµɣãһڻȪ·ϣоį
㡭㣬ħ۵һѪΪѪ࣬ѾҪʧȥ֪ˡԼôһǿ϶ϵˣԼԪҲûӳȥġ
˵ûҾǶħЦ͵ٴ̧֡
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Ҳɱ㣿ôңΪʲôң̨ѹңҶŭ죬һʣ˵ƿԡ
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ңʵǿȻлȨʵСӦܵѹɽĹɣʤΪΪܣѵ߸Ĺ𣿡֪ƺԼĿɽһţҲӲ˺ܶࡣ˵ָʹкǳζ
Ҷͬһѳʵâ¶ӭͷʹ
ˣ˵ö֮춼㣡գ첻㣬գ
գ
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ռ䲻ҶԴǵĻţ˾Ŀ֮£͵̧֣һִĵڿֱۣӦ͵شӿһҽжûзͱ׵У
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˲䱻˽̿ͬԪһ漫׳ۣƺ콵׷ڳͶƣ


791 ӵ
BƲƲ죬ϲͷȻԴǵǴˣҲԼ˫֮մ˶Ѫ
ЦBӣҲϾôҲǺģ
B˺һۣˣ̨ڵģû뵽̨ڶһڵĺĵӾȻôţһǵӦõġҶû⻹ģҷ̨ڸаȾ¾Ͳһ˾ͿԽˡ
Bеɱûüоһ
Ҷ֣漴תȥŵǶ˫ȵĵɡıסԼĺӣһͳױдһ˿м֮ɫҶơ
Ŀ֮䣬Ȼޱȵĳһǣ¶һЦݡ
Ҷ̾һӿռָ֮һɲݣݸǵɡ
ɲ˵ϽκãȴԲʧѪֻҪһʱ䣬˫Ȼ᳤Ҳˣܹʡȥʱ䣡ҶῪڵʵĿռָƻǽⶾɲݣɻֵġ
Ҳûʲôãˣ˳ˮ۰͸ҪˡɲݱļֵҶƲûпǹҲȥǡ
ǵȻסˣмֵƵɲݣǲ֪˵ʲôáɲݵļֵö˵ĻҲɲһƬҶӵģ
ǰô׵ĽɲݵݸԼȻƽ˭ܿ˸Źйʡ
ҡһʱ䣬ɾȻЩˣ˵
ƴǣǿҶԵĿ⣬͸ᶨơǣֻЭڵԽԽǿң֪ԼٲɲݣҪˣ
ǣæɲ븹Уɲڼһɾε֫޸Ŵˣ̲Ѫ
еĺӣƺҲоΣյԶȥ̧ͷϵú۹Ҷơ
ɣɱ̨ڵˣǿܰɣǻ㸴ģ̨ڵǿڿ̤շУһĶְƺָһЩԪɫҲú
Ҷ΢ЦŰ˰ֵĺˣ̨ڣһûǷ
ǵƿԣ˵̨ھǿ޿ɵĴڰû뵽ǰƺǺӣһʱЩ
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˵޵ʱǵɷŭҧأݺݵûֻ޽ƻ׺ݣԵǺöҴΪڻǶ޳Եģ
޵ʵΣҶ۾ʵЩ˼ȻƽµͳǾ˵ʵ϶ûжǿҲǸɼ޶ѣĿôӳأ
Ҳ࣬Ƥʵ̫ҸûޣҧгݵֻҪһƷҲа񱨳𣡡
Ҷ˼ƮɣʵǣԼɱޣһҲͽˡ
ûôʱ䣬ԼҪǰ̨ڣҰɱ֮˭ܱ֤Ժ󲻻ϮԼܹһΣѵܴδζô
㲻棬ҶƺܿԼ뷨
Ǽȥʹðɡ̨ڲǵģ翿ԼȥսʤѣҶִӿռָ֮ͳƷֱӵԶȺ˵С
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ûеѪԼɣ˭ʵǿ˭ʸõһѣЩӦþܴЩˣҶƲ䷳ĸǽţͬʱҲֽǵɲ̧ߵȺ֮УȺ˲
һ֮Ҷתߡ·ղ飬ǲҳݵСһ㡣
ǵɿҶתҪߣæŸʵɣܷ֣˵ǿ޷𣬵ǵһֱݶ飡
ҶƲЩЦǿȺӣҲǵ˵ͷҽУҶƣ
գҶתߣûһ˿
Ⱥƺжˣ˲һƬҶƵıӰصĿͷﲻ߶ʲô
ǵתͷɫĶӴˣ³岻̨ڵĸӹǾȻȣǻʲôɼǵĸӹҪĻǾֻŷһˣǾҶɣѵʱԮ֣³壡
˵öԣ
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дԶͷǣҾҪõĴȥ
СҲץŸ׵֣۵ɤҲҪΪҶǿˣҪбҵʵôҲܵ޵۸
ǵɺοӵԴޣôˣȻûһ֣գ͸ȡһ磬ͽҶɣԢǣҪһֱҶɵĶ飬ǣ
õĸףҲҲҶаЦš˭ϵƽСǧɽأ
ҶҶҶԼµİɡ
Ⱥ˵صԴ
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ҶͷƤҲ뵽Լյһ֮٣ȻγһЧӦǺкñɣ
BԶ¶΢ЦҶơҶƱȵ񿴵Щ˼ֻܿ˻ֵŸ߰
㻹ͦаĵģBЦ
Ҷʼ磬֮Ͷѣ£ҲǶԵԼģ
ɱ˵ʱ򣬿ûôBҶһۣȴǷ֡
һԣ½ұģҶƷţȴöӵB˫һʱԾܲҲѸתͷȥעƵ˱𴦡
ߣ㲻˵ʲôߣȥ̨ڣB͵һ̧֣Ҳ̨ȥ
̨ѾûжԶˣǲУҲò˶೤ʱ䡣˵뷨Ǹ̨һֲǸаûϵĻôôǶᵣġĸайϵôεٺãҲ¶


792 Ľ
ܿ죬͵̨ڵɽǰһ޴ʯͷϣɷĿ̻֣ą̇̄ڡ
Ե̺ͣһޱȵƺһ۾궼ˣһ֪ɼĸǹ˵ֶλӺīдġ
Ȼʵ˵ȻһֱſǶ˵˿Ӱ죡
ǰ̨ڵӴȻҲˣæѸٱܹվǰסȥ·
ǣʲôͷ̨ʲô飿Ӵһ
ʣоһŭڡֻ͵ȵĽӴӶѣȻ͸ֿ˵
׿BԼݲ̸ƾɼʵӦõŵ߽ӴӦԳӭӣŶԡ
˵ҲãȻǵ͵ûκģҲӦð̬ƽ
³ǵĳվԼݣ϶BԱŵġҶƣҲûʲôʵԵݣֻվ
ӺɵĿ˺һۣʵ³ǣû˵ó֤
£ҶƾͻˡӴӣҲ͵ɵʵһֻĵģȻ͸ôţҲ벻ס
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Ҳ֪ΪʲôЩӣҲûʲôʸȥʣֻʵʵغԼְ͹ˡ
ңɫЩƣݣ̨Ҫ΢߳һЩȻﱻһӴӸ⣬鴫ȥĻñ˸Ц
ӴЩջǰôôʶô³ʲôû˵˵һСǣôһСǵĳָҪ̫Цˣ
Ҳֻ߶ģСǣҲǶˣЩɢǲĿŵĸԵġ
˭˵ҪôĿʱһһۻɽ߳Ǻ£ȴҡһȣ¶мź
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ŭէ֣ҪȴҶס
Ҷ֪λС̵ԸҲǿЦסB£ôBҪϷˣһˡ
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͵ؽȴ򿪣£ЦӴԲӣŻ˵ĺã飬⣬һհӴȥ
B״ӻûи˼ңӵء
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һԵҶƸɫΪʣǿЦ⣬üΪܡ
Bίؾɽ磬Ҳûм˸˵ֻɣBǶ񹬹֮Ů˭ʸ˵ģ
˿Ʋ˵ƣɱ쿴Ц
Ľ翴˵ı飬һʱЩãüӣôƯɧŵҲ١㿴ӣʵڲôʵ˵ôûòô׵İѰȫ⽻أʵûкһЩӣ׼ȥҲһӵӣκҪӲˣҪһأ
Ľ˵ĴȻ˿˽ĵӣӻҪܴһ㡣ǵС˼˭ܿó
BͷһĨϼգ˫ֲϵ½ǣεεǸ˼ҡ
Ľ翴BӣǶȥ͵һҪȥB衣е֮ɫѾ޷ڸǣ˼˿˻ȵĴڡ
ԭҶƻֺǺǵĿϷ̾B覵ݼȴǶɵˡСҲ̫ˣȻҪֱȥǣB֣
ƾ嶼Ϊɣ
B˵ϲ棬ǻеߵġĽֶȻѾԽĵߡ
Bŵһ֣ƺҪ
ĽֻоǰٻӰһűǿھƮһ˿˱ǵ㣬ǹ̲סĺ˼룬̣Ʋסԭʼ
ûȥ룬ΪʲôԼڽ֮˿ٵһ˻ᱻԷô׵
BɬޱȵĽݹӣ£ȻǸĸ֮ý֮ԡĽݹ˼ҽΪµĻҪȥ˼Ҽײſԣ
Ľ籾ܵĸоЩ鷳ǿBǾԼεεӣ˲о治ͣ
˼ﰡ
ã㸸ĸ˭Ľޱȡ
BЩ˼ҼڶڣǶ񹬹
ţܺãȥᡭţ㣬˵ʲôĽԭһܲں飬ʲôף׵ԺĿǰҪģȹ˼
ĽϷΣǼB֮󣬲ŷԼǰõЩֻ֬׷۶ѣֱصĲôһԱȣЬʸûа
Ľű˲ˣ˭϶Էȴô˵
ӣ㣬ĪˣңĽЩͨĿİͰ͵˵
Bգһ˫۾аûˣ㰡Ҳû˵
ĽоЩŭȻBȷû˵ѣšûŮôˣҲŭ
ӣɾͲˡ¶ûʲôʧĵطΪʲôȴҪϷˣ£ĽסŭBˣҲѹֲס͵һ³B˹
βͣ¶ˡôװ˾ӣҲβס˳۱¶Եġ
ҶƸԶһۣεʼ硣
˿ΪBģһԲκοĽҪռˣߣ±Ӱɣ
ĽBԽԽ¶˷ŵЦ˱۾ԶǲĿһĻ


793 Ĩۼ
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˽Զҡͷ̾ϢΪǾҲܲ³һĻҪմBıˣ±Ӱɣ
Ľе˲ŨޱȣۿԼҪǰŮӻУ˲оǰӰһһɾӭ
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һĽڵһ㣬ݺݵĳԶȥֱײһƬɽ֮ϣֱӽײ
BѾָһȻޱȵӣֱЦЦͬһöЦǰϣֱ
飡
Ľ͵شɽ֮еˤ˸ͷİӶ߸ߵпвѪ۾ˡ
㡭˻Ľ粻ŵ˫֧ϰ̧ͷ۷쿴BжǾ֮ɫ׼˵ЩʲôΪǣ˿ڣҲʹֱס졣ûпԷôֵģԼֱӱȷ˳ȥҪֱԼϼɰԷ׵ĳ˳ȥ
ӴӾŵĲˣæܹȥĽӵʵʦ֣ôˣ
ôˣ˵ôˣȥʦ̨£ĽһŽԼĵ˸ŭĺֻΪ֮˿ڵľʹ˵
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Ľǵͨ죬һһ涼ûˡڼſڽѵһ٣ֱܴ裡ᱻڵ˿ԼǱӣǵöôˣԼȻǴʦ֣ڿԼˬ˻кܶġ
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ҶƲƲ죬ƱľҺȷ˱ǣһһںȸɵĳ嶯
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˻ҶһǿǹҾѹȥسһҡͷ̾Ȼþƣ
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BһڸⱭƣȴ͵һü˲ע⣬һȫ˳ȻãǱȹҺĻ治һǰ㡣
Ҫ֪СȵĿǶ񹬹ذƾȻûа취ȼ磡
ȴȵĲֺͨ죬ĺ˷ܡ
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ģҶҲ񾭣ϢоޱȵķɣĴ󴲸ǿҵİȫУƣ֮Ҳϼء
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ĵӦһȥ׼ȥˡ
ǲҪϲôҾ͸׼һľϲ


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ҶĨĨͣͱˣǵдǿأ˵ɣʲôҪǵģܰ
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BҲû˵һʱϵʮְû˽ӻҲû˱̬ŪΡ
ҶƸBһۣ˽Զǵ˵ͷ·϶ĳִ𰸡
УҲ˷ޱȣԼȫĶˣæԸԸ֮ԼĴѾˣҲỳа̨ˡ
ҶĬվϴһ˿ŪЦݣӣһһٵ룬㻹ʵʵĸа³ȽϺһЩ
Ȼȴᡣ쳹ĵףϵЦ˲̡
ʲôа壿㣬ûŪɣһͷˮ·ȫ֪Ҷ˵ʲô
ҶƹһЦû׼ӻBҲվ
ǵʱɲรB˸ջĵ۸˵Ļȴǲ°͡
㣬ǡ˵ֱšԼĵܵܿרоƵģԿ̻ƣǶкоɣκζǣôֱӵģ
ҶһЦ̧֮Ͽ̻˼ɬѶơ
ƣô
㣿˫۵ɵþ޴Ѿ޷סԼˡû뵽ǰ꣬ȻҲǶżоġ
ڷ䣬ܵľͷЩԾҵʱѾ֪ƵĴԲôΪľ˵ϹϹʵҷǷ̻Ƶʱ򣬾Ͳܹжа̨֮ˡΪ˱һҪһǣ˵Ƿ˭֪ǹϵϹˡҶЦĺܲãԡ
BҲǵ˵ͷȻҲ֪ʲôĻΨкЩͷԣҶƵĻŻȻ
ҧгݣΪҶһšлûеطϾBҲǲߡ
û뵽ɣ벶ȸںû뵽ǻὫƾͼƣȫףԼĸԸ̤ģҶЦѡ
̨ڸа壬ûϵоͷ亹ˣı粵ţ˵ĻԼš
˵а˵ǻԿ̨һ·ҶûĴʣͻȻ
ĻһBǡôĲһ仰̬ȼᶨ
ֽסҲ׼ȥˡ͵һҧ߬˫ȭԭǲƣǱҵģ
ҲڵһվаѾȷٷְپ̨֮ˡҲս׼Ͼ̨ôҲɵʵС
ȻǶµˣҲˣͻȻޱ򶨣ƺҲ˵ǵȻ
аȷ̨ڣȴ׼ǣĲӦ֪ô࣬Ļ԰ȫ뿪һж̹֮Ҳû֮еôĶǣȻܶѡ
Ҳԭֻ㣬ȻѾ׼ˣ̨ڣ׼ɣB飬˶ڣԵٻһֲ
˭˭˵͵̧ͷЦܵܣɣ

һӰ͵سı󣬺ס
ҵܵܣƴϣޱӦ֪ΪʲôһֱԸȥ˰ɣ
˶һû뵽аԶߣǰ׵ܵܣ
û뵽СӶҲôµоȻһۿҵļƣⲻ֪Сȴ˵ƴЦѣ֮дһǰδеţҲӰתΪʵ壬һˣһͷɫĳΪ죬һɻȻɵϢжһ˿ż˸ĺܡ
ŶƺаհҶüë
ǵȻҴӲûаյ飡ƴ
źĽǣԼ̨ǧ޹ĵӣB̾һ
СƴЦͬʱһۣ˶Ѿһְа飬ܴȥ̨ڶΣˣԼľŻѪĳŹһ
ƴ͵ȡһɫﵣصķ˸Ҷӭȥնѿ
һǿľƷ֮ޱǿܵķ֮γɴƬ˸ĹĻһҶѹ¡
ĺã
ҶƿԷȶ֣ҲûκγɵһϣǴץȥ
޾ħɽͭǽڣ޼᲻ݣǿ߱ץУҲҪٱӲһ⣡
磡
һ죬ڵĴɽѹĽﵺݺײһ𣬶ʱ߽֮洦Ŀռ䱻ˣ޾Ĺܲϵӣµ浽䣬ϵγһĻ


798 սа
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ܵҵĳǽ֮ϵһ˿һ˿ɬĹʣǷܵʱӳЧ
֮УȻҲǿ̻ƵġһȻֻƲ˼¡
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ռ֮һƬƬӳبŲƾϢ˶ڴ
Ҷ˦ƣоֱ۵Ĳ͸޾ЦмĿƴϣɣߣ˵Ϊа֮ʵĿԽû뵽Ҳɵʵʧ
˵ţҶ˸ɽ⣬ƽ죬Яֲƥײգ̤֮ɽ𶯣б֮ƣһĿֲɡ
аҵģ˭ҶƼԵ˫֮Ѿս⣬еעƴϵϣ
һ̣оԼѪȼգڷڡ
BûзҶƵĻѡĬϡ
ƴأ֮ǰһоֱ΢飬δԿȴ𺧡Ҷǿеİ㽫֮ͬȸ߶ȵĶ֡
ҲɣƴЩķһ䣬֮ǰûкҶƣΪֻɵʵѡǸղһǶײ⿴޺꣬ʵҲһУ
ҶЯİ֮ƶƴһΣɣ
䣡
ƴȫɫаµǿӿţڵװνԱһ飬¡¡𵴡
ɫаһԵԣлϢϢҶʮϤԸǼðʱҲǻɢϢ
սһ˶ɵʵӴĴɢ֣ҡҡ׹˿ŷƱģȻ޷赲Щɢȥƣ
ƣҲֲ˶ã
BһԱֱۣµڿϷҶƵʵģȻԷɵа壬϶Ҳ·磡

ƴϴȼ䣬аͬķ籩һתֻգ۹һͷȼջӰ
Ӱƴϱ׵ںһһֱ˴ˣΪ
Ҷüͷһ壬һȭǰռԵٻջһ谭Ȼ޾һ֮ơ
ߣԶϲ̨棡
ӰһΣƴʧԭأֻٶ̫죬ʧ֮ԭزӰɢȥ
¡
ٶȻӶɫһ񱩵ٴνĴ飬ֱӺҶƵĺ󱳡
ߣԷҪԼһﵴУƴϵԼ⻽Դٶȣͬ׵˸
֪ǰΪʲôôǿƴ϶ԼĹţĪ˵ԷֻһһɣɣĹֻҪУȻҲҪķѣ
ۣﵴյĴѺۣҶƵһ񱩵ֱӽ顣
ʲô
ֻƴ䣬־ڱصõһȻˣ
ĸоԼһûдκȫһڿմĸоһͣѪ
Σգ
ͻȻƴϸойɻԵӿͷһȻͷҲأֻǻӶһȥִˡ
ܣҵĸоԲֻһɶѣٶôܸʩչ˻ұȼ磿ƴι޹ɶʵһ˿ɡ
漴һ͵ĽͷԼ֪ҪһߵĸԶҪս޲ʤģΨ˷ɱ񣬷
̫ˣ
ʱƴϸоߴǾʶ˳Ķߡ
װŪȥɣƴϷŭ𣬽ɫﵱ籩һһӶ
ѣƴÿһﵶһĴ󹵣ȻҶƲмЦһֱڶеŭҲԽԽʢһɫԽ죬͸ԡ
Ȼƴƽһ˫͸һ˿⡣漴ǰһ¸ıˣһֱվԶҶƣɵ߬˫ȭЦһֱԴҹԼȴһΪٶѾҵķӦޣҶˣ
Ҷһʼ磬ɽԼõ˲ղֻʩչһ֣벻ƴϱˣתԷӦҲֻǼϢʱ㷴Ӧ
ҶƳϣƴɫɱ䣬纮ĵ棺û˸ϷŪңǵһԣҪ
ƣ
ƴϷһĺУдﵵķԽҫۣɫаڿȼյؾžը졣
꣡
һ̽ɫ˿һĨֱ͸ĺڱųһѽƷĳ
ǽ˲䣬Ҷһδ뵽ͿֲĴа˽ֻ̫ͣ˵նϵпѷڽ洦
ԷԣҶ˻ǵĻҲȲϣ
ն
âƴһӣһ񲨶ӿһնһӰȴ͸ϽķâӰһ漴صʧˣ
ˣ
Ҷһǿµɱһ֮ǿ׵ķֿգ˿ȴУо˿
ͣ
Ҷƾ֮ʣֻǰһʹɫѪ罦̬ĽĳˣֱƤ棬ܵͷûбӲ⹥
ôƴϳԾѣԭ־ڱصõһҲҪһֳΣȴֻնǰ֮ͷûжѣ
ҶƵĿ޾ɱ뵣ɽ֮಻ϵԻؼȻһϢ·ռ䶼ˡ

һ룬һɿֲϢҶըɲǼ䱻ȵ춯糤ʼԺ󻺻Ʈ֮͸ֲѹϼ⣬ɫӰ˲֮У
ϵҲΪҶƿأ
ռһƬĻƴϾ֣Ѿо֮ԴֵûκľҪӳ룡
ڻ֮£ٶȳɱ
һչʱ߿ռ˲䱻Ȼ֮䣬оӳĶǹɱ֮ѾԽıϮ
໣
ƴһҽУǵѡ˶˧߳Ӳ˺£һ˲Ѫ죬аų˺˲䣬ȫΪ񣡿ֻ֪Ҫٶôһ˿³͸һˣ
ƴϵ亹ˢһð˳²ѡ
ϵB֮м˿˿𺳣ס촽


799 ڶ
B˵Ǿ֣Ϊ񹬹ŮȻ֪ϵǶôĶ񹬹ˣҲȼֶѡ
ǰҶƣһɣ;ȻһϵǶôֲ˸컯
ͻȻBƺ뵽ʲôҶƵһ˫ǰ𺳡Ҫ֪ںٵʱǷϹһϵأʲô
˵ֻǲȱȫĲ֣BţҶƿ϶ϰĴ
ôһ񲻾˵Ҷϵˣ
£̫ˣ
B֪ǣҶֹֻϵ֣֣
иԤ
꣡
ƴϴڴڵĴŴǿнֻ˺ӰҲǾ޴ġ̲סؿڲ۵ľһѪήҡ
㣬쵰㣬ȻͨϵƴкԽԽŨƯڰ֮УָҶƣŭĽš
ʮֿǧ״С׸ߴԼҲǿʩչĿ
ƴϷŭҶƵʱͻȻǰһһִδеΣг֣ܵ˫ֻǰǹɾӿĲΣ¡һϮ
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Ϊ˵õǿϧΪа֮߹Σ£ɲһ
ƴϻڰգͻȻߴҶĺ漴оԼһȱץס˲ʧأݺݵ˦˵ϡ
һӿֲʹ֮һ޿ӣܾǹѵ·ƴξ޿УĲš
㣬ԶҶƸŽµƴϣ¶аЦݣҪһ̤¡
ƴеɱӿһصķӡʼǿһһĵǵӡڣһǷӡѿˡ
䣡
ͬʱƴһźɫаâϢֱ񷣬ǹɿֲһٽҶƳףؼȫһƬɫĹĻ
ڸɫһݣ̲סĴҪʹǻģ
ƴϻվԶĻ˿̵ĿģǽҶնɱƴŤţŭţҵģҽ⿪˷ӡ̬Ļɣ
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ܵһ˿ϤζаϢ𵱳ǼðаƴϵаӴ͸һĪĸ߹
ƴһӣǼĳ͸޾İԵǺǿôûԶһЩϵɣҲ۸㣬ұƾһսԶĲڽ£
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һӰԻƴһֻζĳҶǰһ˹һεĶ
ߣѵһ㲻ɣ
Ҷƴһ죬֮֮ӡƴֱȥδѲܣѵ죡
ֻǳײһ֮俪
Ҷƴϸպϼ֣ٴηսһߵΪֲÿһιХ˻͸ſֲ˵ԡ
ԽԽ죬ҰȭԷȥ˾ײ
ƴϵĻӳٶȣǿԲܸҶƴһ忪
ʱƴ˵ɳȥ˿ȫüЩˣطƤ⿪ѣɼǣѪȪ
Ҷͬùָٶȼ죬ֻǺ䣬һЩС˿ھˡ
ǿûн⻽޳֮ǰԲһ֮˲ǿһ޵䣬Ծ㣡ƴϽ̧ͷ֪ԼҶƣиĵûʩչ
Ҷһ˵ֱһƸȥ죬ɻһ˲伤ڿγһģƽΰ֣

ƴϲɱӿһ˸â͵ش̴մҶơ
еһ䲢޾ƣȴ͸һеϬ˵Ŀǣ
ҶƲмһЦâһ飬ϵһƼѹ£ƴǻ˸һâֱգգۼعת˸ǧǵǿ޼չǰưѹɽֱ͸أ
ΪֻǿôһǿҲֻǸӶѣƴϹЦ
Büëţ˵ƴϵʵ죬ɲΪҶƸеġ˵ǱܵһΣ
ƴϹЦţˮ˫ۼǿ֮ʯ𵴣ÿһŶѹɽҶƣ
Ҷʮֲмȭشʯȥÿһȭɽһž޴ʯʯмһΣȻӭǷȥ
Ҷÿһȭαθ֣ǿʯѸϲƻٶȣ
ôܣ
ƴǺ죬ӿݶʯҶ䡣
𣡡
Ҷңңָһ㣬硱һ񱩵㸲ڲڵ㷱ڲնѿ
֮ϵķҲסǿƻһȫѿǽһѿﲻ
¡
ֺ˲䵹ɫһ䣬񣡵Ǻȴǣסлأսѽѷ֣
ƴɫһףƣͬʱҲˡԸȥӲΪԼǰӢ꣬Աлɱļ˻롣
ҶЦһ͵ôӿ̤£µʹ飬һӰ

ҶһĽɫӰҲ˲޴һɲѹӴоռ䶼漷ѹڿٵǧ֮Ҫٴαպϣع磡
ݿһ㣬Ҫռ䣬Ϊĩ
ƴϸоԼ屻Ӵס˲ܶҲǰҧ͵ؽǰѳóӽնȥһȥͬзֿˮ棬ֱȥֲһ͸Ųҵɱ뾪˵ĵϣ
жһɢ⻷һǧ׵ľ޴ڶײ³ˣΪ֮Բؾһ˲䱻С
ǽʲôģ˲ڶ֮Уһʱʲôʧˡ
ҶƴǺڶβܿƵǺڶȥ
ڶôô󣡡
ҶβȣȫֿеĺڶȻƲסԼ٣źڶһһŲƹȥ


800 Ԫ
ԭɱһ𣬴˿ͻȻһĻƺʲô뷨¶һ˿ɱ⣬͵ͳһƴҶͶȥһڿգ˲仯޴ɽҶȥ
ûҪ侮ʯҶȫԿڶȻϾ˼
һû뵽һ֣ŭֽ̧֣һӴؿڡ
޿ɱܣһ͵һѪοٺˡ
ܵԨľѹҶȻ𵴣޿κ֮£Ӳɽһ
ۣ
ҶһѪ³βܿƵźڶţ䣬ɱѪ𵴼ӿǰڶһ
ӴϢ
ƣ
һ𣬽Ӷϣ飬ҡҵϢӿڶγ˶ݵĽ֣
ûᣡ
ڶסҶ۾һ͵һ̤գϱٶȫȥգѳ˺ڶǿ
Ҷ͵ػ֣һɫľ׵£ձ˺µѿڣǿӵлԵ
սթСˣҶƽɫײٿųȥ
ɫһ䣬ԭԺѹȵЩ˿ҶƾȻѳ˺ڶΧҶԼ֣
оͷƤ飡
ǣȻ˫ֺ£Ӳĳһ˫֮ϴһ󽹺Ϣʹ
ӭģǺһֿĹ
һʱ䣬ռ˾ԵϷ磡˭û뵽һɼҶƾȻܹѹסʵƴϣ
BЩߣӣûʲôֵĻˡ
ƴҲ˺ڶһɷףȻΪѺڶ˼Ĵۡ
ô£
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һɧңһȺӼᣬֵĿߣһ۵Сۣ֪ʲô顣
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Զֱӱը˲˷ԲʮףöӶΪûзӦֱӺĩ
㣬㣬㣡ŭģƫƫ˵ʲôΪĹ޷ġʵʼ׼Լ˶ֵʱ򣬾Ӧ뵽³ˡ
ղų˼⣬ǽˣҶûйԹΨһѹ죬֮ƴϺ¡ȥ
ҶһƴѹҰɱڼ仮գƽһֳȻƺȻƴϵͷ­
һһ汻ľӣƬƬѣ漴ٵı飬һһ飬һĻ𣬴ݿ࣬ȫûκ׵ĻΪ촷ۣ
ƿƬƬƬڣӿӰ˸͸˵Ļ֮
ƴϵȷʵңΪԿڶȥ˿սֻʣɣҶһıȻֵ侲˵ֿ
籩ǰ˵ƴϣҶƷһԷˣȴߵľٶûУȱѰζ
ͷҶһն֮ʱȻƴϻкУһһ±ǡ
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Ҫˣоѹȥѹѹʮף׵Ĺѿ

ƽƴһƣͻȻĴЦȫаǿʢˣһԸΪһУ
Ҫһȥ᳹ʧԼģ
Ѿûбѡˣƴһ𣬶Ȼ䣬һѪɽֱĲؿ֮СƺһɫӲҰףȴӲͦûнгĳ鶯ֱۣȴǽ˳
磬磡
ȣΪ棬ԵΪܵĴģÿһսϢڣ·صϹʱڵսĴѪȸɱ¾ÿһ£Բؾ֮һ֡
鼱֮£Ҳ˲ʲôˡ͵һ֣һ޴ֽС
ֲûʵʵӣֻΪ赲Ⱥӵߡ
ҶһܵĽһ˿ڤڤеֱһȥܽƴһɱ¼ҲҪһͬȥ
Ҷһ򲻻ԼֱҲǰһ츳ա
˫һ˺ףԶԶһѺ޹صƴϡ
ù࣡Büͷƺ˼ʲô
ƴϵȷʵ죬һɫоԷһаԴǿࡣ
аˣͻӡҲͻΪ˵еа壬ȻаǿȴӰ˵ʶøǿǾҪߵĴۡͱ˿̵ƴϣԼ飬ԼԪ׸аѾǲɳˣ
ƴ࣬¶һ˿ЦݿҶƣĽһҲֻһѡ㽫ұƵȳ̶ȣձҪ
ޱߵٰɣ
磡
һ̣ƴԼ࣡ϣȴŹЦݣ˵Ŀɲ

һƬ䣬ţ·ԶڰУƮһɽɽ˸͸ŻȻϢ
֮ϣ֮һ̨޴Ĵڣֻ̨֮ͬãһն̨ͬʱӵѹаΰ
̨棬ݹǱ鲼˸۹âѪҺЩѪҺ֪˶أԾΣ͸ĺϢ֮ǰڶǿ档
̨޹Ȼȫﻹһˡ
˿ƶʮ꣬Ӣ͸죬˫Ϲ˸ϼжһ޵ܣ·Ƭڰգ޷ֹߡ
һħƵȫһźʱɢǿƬڰŤ
ɣޱǿĸоһ̤£Ǭ޼ħ񣬿κһۿһҪĤݵĳ嶯С
ֻһǿĴڣȫɫסʹ̨֮Χڻ޷ȥԶĵط

˳̾һ˲ˣһƾõĳ̾ԲϢȾƬأʹڰ綼ŨŨ¼ŵС
ˣЩǲˡӡڴһ˿ԾɿϣֻܸȾа壬ϣܹཨ󣬰ɶķӡ
ͻȻ䣬һ鱻ȡ漴һ˿˷¶ʱԽ˷ܵıԽԡ
˶ԪǺõĿˣҪֻ֮֮㹻ǿܿ


801 а
ӵЦԽԽֱţԵƺ¡¡ƴ󣬱ԶһϢǿ˲֪ٱ
Ǻ͸һɿħĿֲϢƬڰ˲ͬڵˮһ㣬ཹཱུðźɫ޾аϢڣһƬڹ˸ּѹţΧĿռ䶯
һѹǣ·ǰԵСֱ΢
ⲢֻǸ˵ĸоѣˣ
·վߵ֮ϵľˣֲмĸΧһУ
䣡
ӶȻվȫϿ̻ͬһ㣬ʼĴζЩƣЩרоƵ˿ƻֱӸ˵ķɣ
ⶼǸλΪǿļӳƣҲֻеػ֮ϣмء
̧ͷзŭ֮һţȻһڽظ㻹ãߣò˶ãܴа֮ĳǣطɽ磡ɱһƬײ
ֵͷῴλһԪͽɣ
ˣ
һ˲䣬üĴһɫĹââ˵΢ȴΪֱ͸˺ڰգٶȥ

̨ڣڼ˵ӰӴָڸסˣЩҲ֪澿ʲô顣ֻż˭ҲҿϾನѾɱһˣϼɣҲһֶܹã
ƴһ࣬ɲǼͷտʼǿҶתۼձһǿ˺аĺɫͶӰȻ¡
䣡
һ̣֮ǰǺڰеӳⲢһʶ
Ȼһʶȴ춼Ϊ֮ĿϢһʱƬռȫĿֲϢ֮¡
˫۷ŨĺɫһаϢͻȻͬһ̫𣬻ʼÿһ̤գдƺ۰ҡ
һ̣ԲǧоɲԼţȴְԵף߸ϵϢ
ӳֵ˲䣬ҶƵͫȻ𣬸оǱ˱ĺصУëײȫ𣬿־ĸоοƶ޷ѹȥ˫ȭ߬ؽڴĲҰס
ˣǵһԪ˿ǱƴϣޱĻڡ
ƴϴ˿ҡҡ׹ӣ͵عڵأڽˣ
ǵһԪķϣԴӦһҪ󣡡
ӵݴ˿Ѿ֮ˣǺ֣ͣһ־BҲǺ٣ؿھжǿ־ζ
а֮磬ֻһ˸Գᡣӣа֮䣬а˵еϽɣа֮йĴڣ
ֻһҪǾɱƴϴ˿ѾЩɥĲˣͬһֻ͹һڵϣͲͷҡβˡ
˵գһָڶԿѹҶơ
˽Զһ˵еа˿̾Լǰ˭ûж
BĵĽռָѴѶʯȡ˳У׼Լĸ״һЩѶϢа͵Ťͷһ˫ƽˮڶӶBеĴѶʯ
꣡
Ѷʯ˲飬Ϊ촷Ʈɢ
BȻû뵽аֶǿƣ
ϣζаңԶBüƺ˳˼
һ̣˶оԼʿˮĶôѡֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬˵ĸоǹǧһ㣡
ŶˣаͻȻ˵ͷ˵ϢҺᣡ
ˣָȻǶ񹬹
ԣҪаȻȴ·ǸB´յУ
BһɲǸоֽűѪһа̫ǿֻһ񣬾оĵĲ
˭ɣаֻҪһ̧֣BͻᱻĨɱ
˶סˣ˶ţаȻ䣬ǵֹ𣿸ܰ
BС԰ף١һ̣еĸܵв
Ҷҧأ͵̤һBǰһһٵĺʹҵûУ
͵һüޱ㣿һӵԶѪ˶ѣʲôֵ㽾ģʮˣû˸ֿ˵ˣΪ㽫ʮ󣬵һնɱ飡һ˭Ҳа֮磬죬ҲҪ֮ɵ
ޱȵĿţţ
а˵ĸоʵ̫£죬Ҳ̤ڽµָо
һ̣ƾ˸޾ƺ˵ĻŭˣˮͰִ£ǿ˺а䣡
аЦѵɽĹųô᲻ֻһ˿ʶ˻ţ
˵ţһ̧֣һȻϢؼɢаݻһؿݹǣѪɫ磬ģͬؼף
ݻ磡Ҷͫһ뵽˵磬֮ҲݻСǧ磬̶ֳֻȵĹƿظλĹƿرһһڵأ
ѵϽɵĹƿأ
һʱ䣬Ҷðֲͷ겻һЩšң⻹ֻһʶѣһʶ˴֪ʵǿƼΣ
׵˲аܻСǧ֮ϣһ̣ռ˶ԲﷶΧڲ˿ֲ춯̨ɽȻֱӱΪƽأϵ
Σĩ
磡
ݻ磬֮ɲǣݺݵײգʱѵĿֲˣձһײ飬ԭͻȻӸԴʧ
⣬⡭ȻԸǴ۽磡ֱӰĸԴݺݻ飬Ȼɢ
ҶƸоһٳаʵû취⡣ֻһʶܹԼа֮ӲɽĹֶΣǰδУ
аȻҶʲôֻǼɫ粻ΪԼֶŵˡɵеῴ㾿ʲô£
֨֨
аһ֣ƬĦٴδؼǿҵĶţаѪײպҶǹƣ·ҪƬѪ޾ǧаʣÿһƶص޷ݣبŴؼѹضҶԭأһСָûУ
գۼ䣬ֲѪʹҶȫѣڵĹͷ죬ѣ
ɫѪĴѪˡ
ʹ࣬ҵʹ༸ֱȫ࣡


802 Ԥ

ҶƷ𣬾ҵʹΣκεԥ͵ؼնУѺҶȫݶޡȫһ£նз·Ҳ˽˴˿̵ĴѾǼΣգ֮ϣͻȻӿֳɽ󡢳ޣƺⴴһ磬ϸȥֻǵӰѡ
˵ҶѾڹżǰˣԹżǰͣж٣ֻһʼѣֻ̤żʸԳǿߣ
ӰȻնͨ飬ԶģСǧ磬Ĵ֮ⴹ£ҶȫС
նУаɫ˲һ䣬ƺ뵽ʲô˫˲ɵþ޴󣬸ôܣնΪʲô
аݣȻҲ˲ʧ̬֪Ϣ𺳣жôǿң
նʲôɽ֮ף۵רƾһնУҲǺ磡ɴ˿ɼնеǿ֮
֪ΪʲôնлôһСӵУа󣬾ޱ޼ʵ֮ɫӣ͵һ֣Ѫȥӿֲ
һ˲䣬ҶֻǰһԼվһѪݹǱصУƬ꼷ѹСǧ˸ϼ赲һһεĹ

Ѫײÿһζأɢķһʱ䷽ԲǧȫﷶΧؾңŤɴƬС
Ҷƾԭأȫݶӿеն֮Уؼÿһưһ֡ն֮ǿҲȫֵѪĹܹ֤ʱѣҲֻʱģ
СǧһһεײţҶƴ룬ͷԶס̶ֳȵ𵴶ѿѣͷϵϢ֮Ѫһ㣬ȫѪͬ˻ĻƽսеĿֻҶԼɣ
BҶû⵽аĹо֮ǰѹȵϢʧˡҲ̲סĴڴŴ𺳵Ĺâ˸
ôҲû뵽ҶƾȻ˴ȻĵԼǰΪʲôأԼɣ
𰸣Ӧ׵ġBȴԼǱʶ֮в𰸣ЩԾ
ôǿô߹ҲֻһŮѡûôǿֻҪŮлΡ˭ϣԼһ룬ԼݵӢأ
аʱȻѹжôǿңҶɺԥĵԼǰǣҶѾѹԼЩ׷ˣ
ԶɫȻ˭û뵽ᷢһ˶ǵѡ֣ĵĳϾֻ£սģǸ׳գ
ҶɫȻ֪B˿̵ĺ˼롣ŬĲȥǰѪһУֻȫȼԴԴϵĹӦնС˵Ѿɵĳ̶ȣɣҲԴԴϵģѾоеĳ֣а̫ǿˣһ췣ο
նѾԼĵˣʹҲκϣ
ѵҶƣҪɥڴôҶĪƽͻȻһ˿Ц⣬еĹâȴӼᶨ
㵲סҲҪҾСɱԸǿߵ׷ɱɽ֮ˣҿλ֮ӣΣҾԿԶһ٣
Ҷ͵ڵѪٴο񱩣ԭȥնҲ׵ؼ¡¡𵴣ƬѪնлûСǧĶԿݣ
ˣ
һ¾ҵ𵴣ҶƸоµĹͷַĵУԲǼٵģ
УĲУȥһģҶӷٵתţˣ벻ʲôܹ
Ѫѹֱͬһ㣬նȻͨ飬ϾԼӲٵܹдСǧ磬Ѿﵽˣ
аСǧ磬ֻʱ⣡
Сǧ磬ѾѪĹ֮£ҡҡ׹ˡ֮еһҶۣʱиûΣգ
а֮ɫǿңʵּ֤ǿߣҲᱻҲ
նΪã̫ˣӵɨɽԲڻ£аͬʱʢȫһҶƣ
BҶƴ˿̵ľ֮Ҳһҧ¶˾ġѸٵĴҶ˳дһ˿Ȼ֮ɫݵB˿ȴ˵¡غͰˡ
ԣޱ޼ʵĿռڻۣ˵·򣬻ɬѶƺ֮ǰҶʩչĴǿ
ƿһУ䣡˵Ҫģ࣡Bڣɹݵ
쳹֮䣬һʱȻѹ˿ռԼӵÿ˵ĶжB֮쳹ޱߡ
ţǹµֱӵҶõСǧ֮ϣһʱҶƺȻԼٶʮѾܹǿסСǧתˣѪĹѾȫֵסˣ
ǡ
ǡ
ڳ˶ɵˣĿⶼBϡֻһӣڵȫΪʵƯţԼٶţȫ֮ϵĿ
аҲ˲ʧ󡭡Ԥ
Ԥ
ҶƵͺһȻ֪BϵƣΪͬҲϰˡ磬֮صһƮӴڸġ
Ԥ
ԭΪԤͬߣֻģԤһЩ顣ȴû뵽ԤߣԼʹðҶB૵
ԭǣԤʹ÷һ˲䣬ҶֻоԼѪڣΪԤԭնеĳ̶ȴȽܹͣά̬ô϶ǿԿаĹģ
ҶƼţǰаֻǱһĨʶȻܹɽ糤ôڡҪǣŪаܴڶã
ֻǴԤѣΣɿԴСǧ磡а¡¡
տԤʱֵܶ˳ɵˡԤǶ񹬹ϵҲֻǵֱϵʸ
һʱ䣬Ƕ뵽ˣ񹬹ƺиŮ
ѵ˵
ݺһĭǵŮӣѵ˵Ƕ񹬹Ů
Լ˶Ĵ
ƴ˫ѾȫѪ죬ڴڴŴаǿҵѹ֮ǿ֤Լ֮ǰԤʱ˷·𶼴סˡҪ֪ѾԼԪ񶼷׸аѾǸɽվ˶棬κκ·ˣ


803 Ԥ
аʶˣôҲ군ˣ
֪Щ˾ԲŹԼ
˵ʵԤֵɲǣлССĵǣаʶܡаٶҲǳ˷ˣԼʱ˿̵Ŀģ
ΰ̤ƽɽɣƴϷţѹſڵϣȴԾɼ֡
ῴֶܼãаҲǶŭԼȻһɼСӸܣȻֻһĨʶǱϾӵаȫʶ
նУģֻҪܹõնУʵԻһ̨ף
ʵһ֮ﶼûʲôЧˡǺģ¶Ͻ˵
Bͷ˴Ԥ֮Ҳǻɣ̱ĵڵϡ
ҶƣҪ£̫׹ֻһĨʶѣ֮ܵɽڵʱ䣡BĴҶƵ
Ҷ˫ҲһնиͷնƺҲҶƵƯš
Ҷڳ˫֣ۣʱһȵ̫ڶ֮ռ䶼ĻΪޣٶȷɿ죬Ѫȥ
аоЩ˼飬һǿֵԼһ͸ֱӶԼˣֱ̫˼˰ɣѵǴԤ
ڼ䣬ѪŰѪ类̫ʹۿ۵ٶڻ
ԭһŵа˿ڱ仯ˣ̫ף㡭Ȼ̫ף
֮ҵĻ棬̫ף
̫׵ǰһˣҲ治ɫˣԴԤԾĲˣ˿̿Ҷƻӷ̫ףȴһ䣡
ȷˣһ̾Ϣа֮ϣ㲢ϣ̫׵㣬ȷӵва֮ǣԲڣ᲻ɳĻĻа֮֮أ
˵ţаһᰴʱս˷ĩ촷ۣĻϢץУգһſֲĺڹ⣬Ҷȥ
Ҷ˫ܣɲǼͻȻˣһʥԵϢϳ֣ۡͻȻ٣ϼ⣡
ʵͻȻ֣㲢ûʲôµģҶ鵭Ȼ·֮ǰЩ΢С顣
ô˵ѵ֪ʮǰɽ綼ѹ²𣿡аЩŭĺ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲ˵ˣʮ֮ǰڣʮ֮ǰȷйܶཾ˵սǽҪ㣬ˣֻڹȥ
ðϣȥɣаЩ߳ŭԼûа취Ҷ˵Ļֻʵж֤ԼǸʵ
ԿֲڹҶɫ΢΢һ䡣ڵʣˣ˿֮ôҲΪʱѡΪаʶɽڵʱԲֻ࣬ҪܹϹʱ䣬Ǿʤˣ
٣ҶҲǰҧþȫһ˿̫׺Ȼصķ޵ӿǻϢɵƳһź
ȻֵסˣҶвһʵûԼܹסɫϢ̫׶аȷưɣš
ߣ̫ףаһƬɱҪٴγ֡
Ҷжʱ˰أʱѾûа취װȥˡȷûٴλӷһ̫ˣղЩѾĹе
ߣǱٵĻ˵һηһЩֻһʶѣʲôʸǰҶһæ˼
ұ֤аʶڶãֻܾʱ䣡Ͼÿһ룬ϣͻһ˿½һ˿Ҳˣ
аȻмƣջ֣ҲǱס
ʮûзˣ˷ŭҲǱҶＤŭģ
ȥɣ
аͻȻ׵ĳ֣Ѫٴ٣գܲ˸ոϵĿռ䶼ٴδѿ֪жôǿ
аĹҶҧأԾеͷնٴתȥ벻նоȻ˲ŷعⷵգаһ£
Ҷƺһڵ㳹׸ɺԣ޷һ£ǹһָǷ˿վԭأҲֻǿųһȵԸڼ֡
ֵˣǣһأакɫϢٴܣӦûֲܼʱ䣡
Ҷŭȴûκεİ취
аЦָһʱһԽǿնѵĽлնϬϢԶҶƶҪ飬Ҫһ˺ѵʹ
£˵ôаϴЦݡ
ƿһУ䣡˵Ҫģ࣡һ嫵ͻȻĪԶ𣬽ҶƸо˫֮֮УͷĿѣ㱻𵴵飡
Ԥ֮ǰBԤԵĶһģһ
Ժ֮䣬ҶƸоԼԵնз·ֳСǧٴչΧŲѪΣһܹ飡
ҶɫһϲȻ֪˭ǽƾֱ͸еȫУ
ƿһУ䣡˵Ҫģڣ
һԤԣԤһľף˲䴫ǧھλмķ籩ݻ˶εĴڣǾ˿֪ˡ
Ψһֵ𺳵ľǣԤԣͬһ֮ڣ
Ȼ֮䣬аѪϢĿʼڻ·δֹаҲɫ䣬ֻоͷĿѣʹκһѪԿ
˶ˣѪѾڴԤ֮£֧ˣаҲܵ˼˺
ʱԶУһǿаϢǿµʹԶձ֣ааɢȫѹܿռ䡣
ǰռͻȻѿһ϶һ̧ռ䡣˻¶ŵϢһְ֮Сȴǲݺӵģǿƣ
ƿռнֶҲֻϽɲӵУ
ף̱ڵϵB֮ҲǼѣ
аһ䣬ɫ֮ϳŽ䱸㣿ᵱ°ܽôֳˣѵǺ˰ʹô
ϴһĨ΢Ц㣬аһʶѣʸ潻̸𣿡


804 ǧһ
ҶȻȻ֮ϣ˫֮˸ĹʡԭŵˣǴ˵еĶ񹬹
üëȴһκˡԭԤôãǵ߸֪
ⶫ񹬹ʵ쳣ĿֲſھԤԣBǿٱѪԤ֮£Ҳ˲Σ
ʵҶа񹬹ʵĸܴ𺳣
Bκԣȫ¶΢ĲţʹһνʱֻһССɣҲأ
ĸ׶񹬹˵İȫⲻҪκοˡ
аҧأ˫ȭ߬Ҳ˵ʲô顣ԭ̤ɽҵһСУֱǰ°ܽһܣ
ʲôŵģа͸һ˿ɷ֮һ㣬ʱնһǳҶƺȻĿбаץУİš
񹬹Ƶһü¶һ˿õЦݡ
ժ£ŤתǬֶΣڹƿأ˺ֵزҶޱȡ
ֻаһʶѣȻ־ƿǿսǳҵоСǳӺ
ӦþǶڹƿصһĳ̶ȣǳҲժ£֣
ժǳˣ
а͵ؽеǳǰ񹬹Ͷȥٶȷɿ죬ųβͣձϵĶֱֲ˹
񹬹ʲôı飬֣ǰռʱһǧ׳Ŀռѷ죬һΡľ޷ӿռѷðֱӭǳ
ɽǳ֮ײ
磡
һ죬ռϵĶ֮ʯ˷ÿƬյһ󶴴ݣ綼׻
һΣкȻ
ֲıһδɢѾӡаƵǳѾȫ𣬶񹬹Ƶɽд󲿷д棡
аŭһްޣֻ͸һʶǰɽ°ܽǰţ
񹬹ɫĵʮӶʮа֮δؾ̤ɽأ
ãǾƣа⣬˵ֻһʶĻǻԱɲС˵ģ
Զ̱ڵϵƴϣаһϾǵһԼԪһҲֽ˺һѿڣץ˵ƴϾҪߡ
ôаҪߣ񹬹ȴЦ͵ſ֣һץֻа֮ǰĿռ̿ٵϣаѾ̤ȥһȣһ˲䱻ĿռԵи
˻
аɫ˲ŤⲢΪʹģģ
ռԵиȣѾõʧãã֮Саһʶûʵ壬塣ÿʧȥһ֣ͻһЩаŻߣ
ɽ֮գһɱþ㣡аñףǱ٣񹬹ȻǶ֡Ǵ˿ֻһʶѣ񹬹־ܸ

񹬹ɫһ͵˫ָָаϡʱռѹȻٱһѿдƬռ侭סѹŤš

аһҽУûκηӦͿʼ֧鿪Ȼа֮Ĺ򣬵ǱϾɽ磬ûơ
һ죬ԶˣǸҵţỹģаɫŤһʱռѣǧ
ܿ죬ڿռŤѹ֮£аͬƴһ𣬱ѹ촷ۣƮɢ
ͬʱڰ֮УסаͻȻ緢һ㣬޲ľ졣
ģɽ磬һҪɱ㣬ɱ㰡
аŭռ类˴Ƭ
˲ҫ۵ĹʣĴʹа͵صһܿ죬ƽеĳɫȻòɢ
Űɣһ죬ĲԶˣа૵


Χڻָһ˿Ƶ֮ϣڴ˴δս֮µĿӿݣҲ˴Ŀľ
񹬹ֶվ֮ϡȫ²ûɢκϢǲͨһ㣬ӵȺжҲ֡
Ҷһİ̾ϽɱϾϽɣѾ׵ķ豹棬¶˿Ϣѹ
Ҷƣǰ񹬹񲻶ϴԼҶҲǻһ飬Ҿ
ԼݸԷ̫󣬲ݣʵҶҲʵʵȥеİʮֹ
񹬹ͷһЦĿɨ˵ϵBûʲô󰭵ʱҲǰһתǱߣֻƺǱղŵನУδ͡
һԵѾ񹬹ѡԵĺˡ
˵Ķᣬȸһ£񹬹֣֮оͿʼϸ꣬
ˮ
ƼͨҶƵ֮ϣȴк̺ڿȻըѵ˿˵ĹͷˮҲԼٶȻָţ
ֻգۼ䣬Ҷ¸оڣδǰҪǿһ˿
ҶʶĽնһ˫۾ϵĶŶ񹬹ڹ۲ķӦȴЩڶ˼
Bܵˮ󣬺ܿͻָơվƺЩüɫĴԼĸס
ι˵ҵĴԤǲнBЦ
񹬹ԴǧҪٸˣ֪֪ҷִѶʯݻٵʱ򣬾֪ΣˡȽλýжλȻֱӿԽռллأҿû
ʱĶ񹬹Ǹ߸ϵĹһȸһ㡣У¶ŨŨ簮֮ɫ
ҲϽͷ亹죬æϹ³ǰγ
ޱĿһۣ԰ȻŮң
亹ˢһ³ȫæǣҡ
BЩȥˣæǿȺģҪ־͹Һˣ
񹬹εĿһԼŮ̾˿֪֪һжôΣգȻһȥ̽аĸԴҪֻ֪ҪаϷ׳ԼԪôʵǻɱģһǸ⣬û뵽а֮ǼһȻԷֳʶǰҿüʱ룡
ͻȻתͷȥԴһ˿ЦݵĿҶƣֺĿһһٵҵԤûҶƣ㣬վˣ
ҶƺоǱʶһصļ両֡˫˲ɴ󣬲ŵ̧ͷ㣬ǡ


805 Լ
񹬹΢Цû֮صʱҼǵҴڸϵǴԤûɣ
Ҷ͵ȥһĭǷ֮صһסƮӣ
񹬹һЦûҾƮӣҵ͸߹㣬ɽĻңһֱûаҵĻϰôˣҲһֱûϢΪһֱأ
ҶЩεӣʵһֱΪԼʵ̫ݲ̫ԣô˼ȥأ
Ʈƺһ۾ͿҶƵ뷨Ȥҿɣҿ㵣Ҹ˵Щڿװɣ
Ҷһ±Ҫ㣬ҲǺٺЦûзϡ
һԵBЩӦ
ʶ𣿡B֮ŵѯʵ
ûʮǰһûд½ǸһԤԣˣҶƾҵǸԤԵˡǣҽԤиҲûйң˽飡ҵͶ˵ķɽĻȥңû뵽СӰ˵ĻɶԷ磡ƮԴһ˿ЦĿǴȤ
BƺܸȤɴ۾עҶƣҲ֪ʲô
ҶǴһ֮ǰûнӴⶫ񹬹λЩŵġϾԼ֪Լӵն֮󣬽ο֮Ĺϵ
Լʱ֮ǷӦЩһϵеδ⣬Ҷͷۡ
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ôһҶƾͷЩⶼӭж⣬Ȳ˵ƮôԼϾҲʶԼҲǽĲҵϸԼƮĽӰˣ
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Ҷƺ˼ʱΧͻȻһȥԭ̨ڵЩӣ˿̶Ѿһ𣬲Ķߡ
ʵղŵĴըѾ˵ӣ˿ٶΧΪ˿Ρ
һֻ˵Ĺվͷʲô顣
ЩӿԼûʲô£ҲǶһʼ
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ǰôĶҸղź񿴵춼ѿˣ
ǵģҿܵÿ죬ղһЩΪܵԪ񶼲ˣ
Щ˵ӣBüͷҲ֪ʲô
˽а飬ҿҲи˰ɣBһü
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Щ֪֪飬ǵ´ǾҪһܣһ˷ڣ
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ԼĳɹΪУԼҪȡһ£
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Ʈһ۵ȤûУݣʵЩ˶϶ѣһ۵ȤǷ
BתͷȥЦҾãҰȻߣҲҵаĸԴΪʲôҪŹأ
оԼ񾭶ҪˣǧЩͷԵĿһĻƽʱ߸ϵȻڱǰ̬Ȼʮֹ֣ô벻ͨ
ǲҪôѾƲסԼеɱǣҵõаԴҲҪʱ䣡ʱô󣬸ûʲôҪ˷Сϣϸַ̧ŹǣԸһж˵ɱǣûʲôãŹǣʡ²ʱ䣬Ƕôһ鰡
BɫЩŹ֣ò˵˵˵Ĺǿģ˵ԭɱڵЩˡ
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˶һۣԶ˵ͷǶϿ˵ҲΪʲôаҪɢаɽ硣
ǸаԴBٴοʵ
ͷ絷̨ںɽﲻаԴҴҲ̻ֻҪݻаԴ⸽ͲаΪа壬Ǵ󣬻ûɣҲ𲻵κЧá
B˼ĵ˵ͷаԴ϶Ҫȥݻٵģ֪᲻ˡ
ˣɽƴϿ̻Ļڣû취ƽƵĻֱӽĿռݻ١ѵ
ˣ֪ˡʲôҪ˵𣿡B΢ЦȴްЦ⣬Ǳɱ
Ҳ֪ԼûʲôȥĻˣܹǧӣѾһˡ
֣Լɣƽͬʱ͵һⷢžĺ˫һʧͨһµȥ
ѾԼԪκĿˡ
ԶЩƺɵˣǾԼԪǰƽǸ֪ʲô飬Ҳ֪ԼЩҲЩɥڴˣ
ǸղţɶڹŹǰεһȦ
ʼգƮӶûۿһۣ·ֻһֻ΢ϡ
ҲһԼĺ࣬ԼԵһЩƮǰ̫ˣǾƷǰһ㡣
ȥɽBҶʹ˸ɫҶҲǻ⣬ݱƮӣѸٸϡ
£ԵЩˣͷ亹£ֶ֪ôšϾƮϵ̫ǿûпͷųʲôѹҲ˻λߵѹ
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806 Դ
ԶЩӾôҲˡſӿݣѾд벿ֻΪ˾޿ӣͬһһ㡣ԼҲɱǰ̨ڣ군ˣ
ֱţһĸоôúõģͻȻ͡
Ľ켣Ⱥ֮Уɴ˫ֱۣǲţԼʦǿߣˣ
ڸղǰ֣ʲôǴ𵴣ɲǼٵģգ涼ǴƬѣĩգкöΪ̫ȻֱӱನԪûܵļ²ѣ
Ľ²ѣɴ֮ܰǰԼϷǸС椣ƺʵڲһ㣡һʱ䣬Ľ类һ亹
ƮǸû˼ȥȺϡģҲںô롣ͱ˫̧֣ͷ죬Ҳ֪˼ʲô
Ʈӻѹ֮£Ҳǻڡ
һߣBҶҲ̨ڵĺɽΪȽԶղȻܵನĳǲû̫Ӱ죬ֻǵ濪ѣɽʯѡ
ںɽһƬյءΧ涼ѿ˷϶ǵⷽԲʮûκܵĺۼһĪڱš
֮ǰ˵̻ĵطƱţӦþˣBĵ˵ͷǰ˵ϵһɿָ֣š
ŪòBĵ˵ͷ¶һ˿ЦܰƸƽ⿪ôܣǾһٵˣ
Ҷʼ磬̫Сˣ֮ǰڷļƣǱһۿˣ
BҶһۣɵƲ֮ٿԼҲ
Ҷ˵ͷ˫̧ƺһͬʱųĹâһָϵڿл滭ŻɬѶơ۾ĻţɢһԵ澢ͷ
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ܿ죬Ҷͣ¶ǰ֮ϣѾǶһµơ
Щƺܿǰ֮У죡
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ȻûУֻ򵥵ƣһƾôһ֣Ҫ֪࣬ſԽҶʵʵĻش
ܿ죬ǰһżźƸֳ粦ƼգƯ֮ϣɢޱߵаҶ˫һҲѸ֣䲩
Ҷ˫֮ѸӴ˫ֵָڿзһ㣬Ѥ
ܿ죬һƾڿе̳ǺɫĻƻżšֲͬһһżȥҲʧȥκЧ
ԭⶫҶڷʱ͸ѧһЩǾУҲгɾͣ
ƣڵػ֮ѧϰġϸ˸ƣԼҶƿҲһʱҲҹĳ֮УѧϰĸػصıǾţһë׺һڡ
ԴʱʼҶƲ֣ػǶôһֲø˻ʱּƷһֱû¶ʾ˼
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ҶĺܹԼϸĹ۲
Ҳ֪ʲôѪ̻Ҷƴ⣬˳ɾѪ
֮з·һĪܹͨɽһλģ¾а֮ˡ򵥵˵λ֮ٳһͨɽаܹа֮磬аԸǷӡ
Ҳ˵аԽִ࣬ҲԽ࣬ӡٶҲԽԽ졣ΪʲôаҪɽͷųаΪҪ˽аʴΪа壬ȻΪ
аȻǴһֺƣɽ粿˶׷󣬴ӶаӰǵǡ
ˣܸо·ѹʲôҶü
ӦþаԴˣû뵽ǾȻֱӰѴ̻аԴҲ󲻵B΢˼һ£
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BƲƲ죬ɣ
ҶƵ˵ͷͻȻһ˿ɫ¡𣬽ŵȭ߬ݺݵ˵棡
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ҳ죬ҶҲƣվǵĴǰľ޿ӣһаԴӦҲͶϵˣ
˵ţҶŤͷBڣǿԻȥ˰ɣ
BҶһۣ֮ͻȻһ˿ɫʶȥҪʱ֮󰡣󷽣϶Ӧģ
ҶƼæ֣ЦҲǸ˼
ҶʵڲλСԺʲô˵ƮӵȷǾʶϣÿBȥ˵ֻ˵ʴһѣȫ
BתߣҶԾЩΣҲǿ첽׷ȥʼͲԼǵλСˣƮԶ΢ЦעˣָоҶƸоһ˿ڡƮӲûпȥͷѹֳƣļµģ
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ΣƮʵ
ѾаԴǴ󶼴ݻˣB˵ͷڸǰɲаΡ
ڿԸһȥ𣿡ƮЦԼŮ
B˵ͷ֪
ãǾ͸ߣƮһץBļͬʱ¶һĨЦ⣬̧ǰռѷ֮Уֱʧԭء
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ҶһɵˣҲ̫ɴ˰ɣ
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֮֮вƮԴһ˿Ϸʵ
Ҷ̾һڶԼССͷǸ㲻Ƕ񹬹˼άôһ޷µģ˵߾ˡ
ҲãԷ̬ȣԼȥ


807 
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ôģҶ߹ȥ̸
ĿҶһۣµô㣿BӿˣҲûϹͷˡص³ǣȥ
֮ǰĿҶƵľսҲǸıһЩ۵㣬ҶƵ̬ҲȻת䡣
أʵ
ҶƲƲ죬ôȥ£ҹˣһЩ飡
˵ͷҲûжʲôת̤ն
ǵʱȥ³棡Ҷƻ˻֣һɪıӰת˲ߡ
Ҷ̾һҲ̤ն𣬳Ŷǵķȥ
ط붫кԶ·;ҲҪ֮áҶƵǲôģʱеǡ
һ·ŶǸȥ֮һȽϹϵĳǳڣҲһǣԻٰ׳ǡ
ҶҲ֪Ƿʲô񾭣Ȼߣûѡֱӷɹȥ
УҶƺɨӣ³ǣٰ׳ڵԸ࣬ʵΪǿ֮ǵǿǿߣǿҲмҶƸеϢԶʵ
֮Ҳŵȡ
ٰ׳ռΪѹ֣һɫҴңڽ϶űߡҶϸ۲㷢֮ЩߵˣΪһ㶼̫ߣҲǵɡ
෴ǿߣҡڵ·룬˭Ҳᰭ˭£ȼɭϣλ
ʱǰͻȻһҺҶԶԶһȺΧһƺڹʲô
΢΢һЦûʲôҪֵ˼ʵȺʵûбҪκЩ˵顣
Һƴˣ
ͻȻһűŭҶ˲һ΢΢һüƺǴʲô䡣
ϤҶ૵ƺ뵽ʲôȴô벻
ǣҶƼӿ첽ǸȥƿȺһĻ
ȺУһɫΡɫ΢һ٬վ·룬һ׳˶걻̤ڽ£ƺˡ
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׳˶һ㣬͸ǿҵĲ֮ɫݺύ˿ڣѪϵ涼ѪȾ졣
ʱ׳˶ſڵϣҪȻֻųصһɽϼɵȻͬݺԿ
㣬úȻҴŮ˵⣡׳˶˫۳죬͸ԹͲ֮ɫһνŮԵǵĿ
ңŹŮӵ͸һɾ˵ⷬеɿʼ
׳˶ӵһԻĿͬŭһ㣬Ĵţһ
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һϵ΢΢һˣٴμ̤׳˶ؿڡɫһ䣬۵³һѪɫԵĸӲҰס
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һϤֽҶƵԺ׳˶ӾǵסԼ·ҪԼ˺Ʒ棡
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䣡
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ſڵϵĺƷǰ쳣ûᡣ
ƷĵľжԼʹޣԼʵ̫ԼϲŮӶˣŰ裬ɱ֮ģȴ֮
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Լ޵֣ΣɻɵľʰԼ
˫ȭͼӳΪָ״̴ģѪ˳ָ첻ϵֻǵʹԶԶȲеʹ
ͻȻƷо̤ڱϵʧˣһֻĴֽ
ôûôӺӦվˣһֱǿΪôô׷ҶƵ
Ʒ滺̧ͷǰİЩϤʱһ漴˽࣬૵ǡ
ҶЦŵͷŤͷȣЦþò
ȱ˲ֵıʸסˣԳԵǣһ𡭡
ûҾҶƣҶƵͷЦϵЦ̣ȵһ£
ҶŤͷ˲䣬˲䲼ɱ¶ȷ·һ˲併˼㣬걾ܵһ
˭֪ʲôݣԵĵ㣬ٰ׳о޴Ȩƣȴ˲ǣһʵǿߣбǲ֪ķӡ
ƾĸоǰ˵һմôһ㣬ڶֵĿԸһЩ֪ķ٣ָɵˣƫƫǰӵʵԶԶ
Ҳ˭ʲôݣֻ֪գˣҶһһٵ˵ĻƺһһֵĴ֮мġ
ѹ񹬹֮ŮBûжη壬ЩСط˻ܹƾʹ
ܣ
ಣ
ڶΧֻһ紵֮ǰڽ꣬ͷ­һӷ룬ӲƮһѪӅᵹڵϡ
Ҷվԭأһֻͷ­˿̻ڵѪϵڵϣһƬɺ졣


808 ٰҦ
ô죬ôѸ٣ֻһ֮䣬ʤѼ
ԪͻȻҶƣ·ǿԨĶһ㣡Ҳ޷סԼֵĺ㣬˭㣬ŹңŹңҪʲôҶӦƷʯǾɫˣɲҲԣӡеǣ
Ѿŵûˣ˫ȶڲͣĴΪܹɣǸ˲ʯɲݡҲǱ֮еδģվôǰ˵£ôһжɿˣվ޴棬ҲҪס
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ǸٶĴۣҲҪ֤ԼȥôֻҪԼԪ𣬻ϰʱмİʱֻ̣
ҶĿɭ䣬·ûĻɱ֣ȴͻȻһԥ
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֮ǰһֱûϸȣ˿̲ɵ´һ˾ȡ
νСƷ׳˶һԱȣԵ硣۳ûB֮ݣҲһ׵ϧ֮ģѵõйʣ˼ϸ壬ʺĸƷ֫ͷԼ򵥵һǾˣ
ҡԥҶӣȻҪЩͻһϣܹŹ
˵ţָָҶסӵԪ
ŶҶƲ첻ѣȫΪʲôȻô˵
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ҶҲΪʲôȻҪԼŹ꣬ӲһǵŮˣԲôһԭˣ
˵öԣŹңֻҪһηŹңұ֤Ӳκ֮ģңҽ񲹳Ҳܻ˳Ÿӳæ亹ġ
ΪʲôҶĶɻ֪ԭ
ȸƷ棬Ȼڸ֡ΪȣƷȻܹǿƴȻϼʵˣǱԶԶĲƾǳˣ
֧֧Ϊɱļ岻ݵġҸǲʲôһԶߡҵļ壬ҲҶܵ˺
ƷҲѵõĳĬˣһ仰Ҳ˵ѪжǿߵŹʱ򣬶ûгĬûзһΣĲ֪Լô졣
ȲһˣһСļ塣ԼߣҲǣϵһ䡣ɱǰףҪԵı
Թ壬ٰ׳ǵĳĸףٰ׳ȨƵҦҼ
꣬Ҧǣ
ĿɱҦǵĻôȵļƷĲ䣬϶ܵǣ
ҶҲ֪ô˵ãԼɱҦףô죿ҦǱ󣬿ٰ׳ǰΪԼһʱʹ죬ȸƷ汳ļ嶼ǣ
ףⲻҦҵҦôȻ˴
Ҧӣô˭ͲҦҵı𣿡
ģҲ̫ˣҦӶǣ
ǰһҦˣǿɾˣ
ΧһЩΧ۵ˣ˿ҲϳҦǵݡһ¶֮ɫͷӶš
ٰ׳ǣû˲ʶҦǡүͷٰ׳ޱȵƽٰ׳ǣ˭Ƶߡû뵽ٰ׳һԣȻ
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ЩΧ۵ˣһò˼Ŀ⿴Ҷơ˵Ҷһмֱǳ
ٰ׳ǣҦǵⲻ͵ڻڰô
ҦȻҶԥҲǿٿڵλӣȻҲ֪ݣҶʵķڷҦǽģֻҪӽܹһҿ϶Լλмλļκϵıˣһ⳥λʧѣ
ƷڴŴͷʲôɫǿ֪һơ
˵ҦһЩͷǱϾƲˣֻ˿̼ҦֳŵҲЩĶϾ˵һ²硣ҦĿϰƮȻô˵Ѿ벻Ľˡ
ҦͷҲ֪˵ʲôáԼڵȫǰУֻҪԸ⣬һܹԼԪ飡
ǸʱԼҪˣ
ҦǷ֣Լһˡƽʱôʱ򣬻ǿ־ġ
ү
һղϲӴԶһţγһǿҵ֮ڣռ䶼ϲǿ
ֻһƣվͽȻɫأȻٰ׳ǵǿ߸ˣ
Ҷ΢΢ĿһɫصĻߣԶ̤ն˸ǿ̲סһ
ȻɼǿߣҴﵽ˶ɣٰ׳ڣҲǱȽǿˣ
Ŀ¶ŭ֮ɫԼүȻ˴Ԫ񻹱סˣѾĳˣһôΧۣҦҵδ棿ΣҲҪѩܣ
ǻ޷סǿҵɱҶͷʱʻΪɫϯ罵٣
Ҷ治ɫޱ飬ƵǰǶɣǶҶ˵ĲֵһᣡֻǶɵʵѣҶƻûз
һԼνȵùľҦˣ
Ҧһ㶣ǻ֮󣬲ûκξϲ֮ɫɫһ䣬ܼңס֣һɱ𣿡
ǻһ㶣ŷӦæ֣ͣڰС
ү⡭ܼЩ֪ǺãԼү˼ϣȻЩͶҲǣ˵үҲǣүÿһ֣ͶһΣա
ܼңʱûʲôΣգ㲻Ҫ֣ҦЩ꣬ΪܼҶԼԼϣôСĶ֡
ܼΣֻܴӿн䣬ݺݵһҶƣҶүаֲҾ͵һɱ㣡
ʱҶҲǳܼңѣסҦǵǱˣ±ܼＤľʹɱ֣
Ļɾִˣ
ʵһ˼ǣҶƷԼ治ӦɱҦǡ


809 һ
ɱԼûʲôôһȵļ壬͵òʧˡԼɱҦǣôٰ׳ǵǿ߾ͻһһĳְɡ
ǰܼңֻǶɵʵǱ׼ٰ׳ǻǿߣԼȻ£Ҳ鷳ˣ
ǶɱԼ񲻾ǸôĶѲ߶ҲŹԼİɣ
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Ʒ˫ȭ߬ýģĴӵһԡɫĿ£ͷ˫۲סĶŵ档
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Ҧ׵壬оڵѪҺ·磬ֱֹͣȫºëֱɢ
ֱĵ׵ɱ⣬ǿҵɱеĸ֣ܵǲԶԨ
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ҶƺȫûַĹǣȻżЦҦǡ
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ҶϵЦԽԽŨңЦҿ㻹ǵԼĳŵֹҦңҪһܼˣ
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˵ǿ˰ɣѵ뿪ҶͻȻһüЦ
ҦǼæ˼֮лһЦݵ˵öԣһû̹ӵմ
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810 ɽż
˼ûʱ䣡ҶƸɴľܾҦǵĽ飬ΪԼʲôûʲôʱ䡣ԼûƮǱ̬ĿԽռϵǣҪµʱ䣬ٵһһ졣
ҲȥˣȼæѾ˺ƷǷϣô˵ϣ²Ҫĵʲô١
Ҧǵ˵ͷתͷȥɫܼңȻ֮ǰѾӦǣҵĻӦõõ׵ʩСҲϣҦٶλ֣Ҷĳŵ
ܼ˵вޣҲֻܵ˵ͷ˭ҦҦҵδأȻӦȫ
Ʒһתߡǿ˵֮ǰأѾǺõ߰˰˵ġ˵ʣֱǿֲ˹
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ȻˣӶѾŵˣѵñһûõ𣿡Ҧǲĺǳ
ܼû˵ʲôȴǲֹͣš
ˣȥһҶƵݸϸʵģԲֻǼɢɶѣҦǵԸ
ܼҵ˵ͷӦүȻؼɣ峤һģ
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ҶƺȻղһȭֱǿޱߣҲ൱һɵȫһ
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ˣҲͻɣﵽһɵʵ
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811 ڱ
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ʱķɿ죬תۼɫѾȥҶƸںĴŸһǿϢҶҲһ󵨲
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һȭ£Ǻڱ屻ݻ٣˲λΪ࣬ɫĽҺ˱ǣŻ


812 ޼ɸ
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߽ȥҶͻȻܵΧռƼʱָоƺԼ屻һص͵Īĵط
۾ǰһ嫵ĵã
ޱȵĹޱȵĺΰ
һǶŻƽʯҫĹâûӳһʯ̣Ө͸
һһŻûоͷԹ˭Ҳ֪ͨ
װκΰĴӦޱ֣׳ΰĹ֮У˿ȴԵʮֻ¹بžʹһ㣬֪˶ʱĳˢ
УǹϵĺۼĽķϵ̨ףƵΣȴǡ
Ѿ绯˵ʬǣ
ûд֮У׹ۣ׹֮УЩĹ⻪ԼԼ˸ƺĳĹԡ
ӣ֮У˲ٵˡҶƱΪǱɱǻභܣҲûзһ˿һĴ򶷺ۼЩ׹֮ϣҲûз˿ĶѣȻɣһƷ̡ⲻɵɻЩʬǰûл򶷣ôģѵǶģ
ԼµʬǣҶԥ߳һŲ̤һİ׹ϣЩ׹ƺ಻һ¾̤˷ĩǰҶһΪȫû
ˣͷҲӦ˴ɣҪ֪ɵĹͷӲȣԿȽʯˣҶ˫ȭ߬һ˲ã֮⡣


813 ɸ
ΪʲôЩ˵ĹͷôأɳӶѳɵģһɢˣ
Ҷƶ㲻ǰĴţҪڵ龰۲ϸ
׳ΰĹյĴšЩŲ֪ʲôƶɵģΰ䡣ŵĸתݣʾеءЩƣҶ˵İȻõġ
Ҷ֮Уְ̤׹ǣ죬ѰŸмֵĶɫʬǶУŸɣɫɫһЩ·Ͽó
Щ׹ϴ·ĵرƶɵվã̺ҲɢˣҲˣ·Ҫ
Ҷ˳һѰ׹֮Уһ⼣߰ߵĳȫһ
Ҷָ˵ǳһǳӦϣѳ롣
ҡҡͷ̾˿ⳤϲĻӦһǿƷǹȥ˶ʱգܹǿࣿ
뵽ҶƵȻ޼ɸȻͷҲ֪ЩʲôʱģͷҲ˰ɣ
£ܹ߶೤أ
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ҶƷţͻȻߵһãõĹʺͱ˲ͬȻ׵һ㣬ûз绯࣬ǳļӲͷУ⻪˸֪ʲô
õߣһһСС죬һɫȸǿһ𾫻ȸ͸ȻһƷ
ȸ죿ҶЩɻĽе
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ȸƷѾմ˺ĻҳպգȻǻûбȫʴ
ȫ֮ϲҶҲֱӰȸѪ˿ռָ֮С
ΧȻźܶǵ׺һƷҶҲһȦƷȫװԼĿռָڡ
ƷһΪҶȫۣΪûоƷôǿʱŶá
ҶƱ۾оʲôԺ֮и֣һһתԪתȫһĽ
һҪءĵҩѾˣҪǶԣԵȵȿ᲻ԴĶ
Ҷƾţγ໥ռȻ֪ʱš
һգգգ
һ£ȥˣ
һתһ£ԽԽ鶯ҲԽԽ񡣵޷֮䣬ͻȻ鶯ǻۣҶƸоһ޵Ĵ޷򿪡
Ҳÿת鼱ʱֹͣתվƴߣ۲׳Ρ޼ɸ
޼ɸһЩʯţǲӲģɸ֮УһЩ̣ͼķȴϾʱ˲٣һЩ
ϾʮɵǿĶֶλǷЩҲ˲ټʶп֮ĵȻ
ʱţá
۰׹ۣ޳
ۺΰãǿֶΡ
ʱֹȥһ£ҶȻû߾磬ȴԼץס֮żڵ̫ףҲЩ궯¶ȵܡ
ʧܵĸԭҶڵ̫ʢ
ҵ̫˵̫˵Ҿܹȫ֮ϧˣҶҡҡͷ̾һ
ͻȻ˸飬Ӧ˹æĴɨ䣬Ŀͣڵ֮ϡһԱ̤ĺۼҶƺǾǺ߹·;
ʱ򣬲ԼĿģҲЩںޣ¹ȥˣȻڵȻ޶Ҳ֪ʲô飡
뵽ҶҲԽԽǣۼ߹ȥ
һûŵͨ΢Щ죬ҶҲܲôˣֱǰȥ
ݣ
ͻȻҶƿǰһ龫ڵҩʮҡҷԣӿݼÿһҩ䣬ɵֱӷãܹӲΪ
ԱߣһЩɿݵֲϸһȻǿݣǾ˲֪£û˲ժиɿ£
ﰡôݿƶɵȻû˲ժҶҡҡͷ̾ϧеĶȴǲܿ콫֮˿ռָ
ҶƼ̽ǰУܿеľԽԽǿңųǿҵĹâ
Ļ޲ݣ͹١Щ缫Ѱҵݣ·ҪǮһ㣬ÿһξһѡ
޼˵ĶĲƸӿһеˣ
ЩɲݣҶȻһһЦɣȫժ˿ռָƾЩԻȡҪĶǼƷʯ
ΪʲôﾭȴûжЩȥҲֻһ˵Ϊס
ǾĿ꣬ЩɲʲôģҪĶĶ࣡
뵽ҶҲԼѾȺ³Ҳ֪Է񾿾ںδûŪԷͼﱻǰССס˫Ŀ
Ҷһȥʱռɲݣź߹·;ٵĳǰнš
ͻȻͨ˾ͷǰҰһƬƻֺĴޱȵƣʱӿ˵ΰÿɫͬеĿ棬еĺˣеĺʵ
޼ɸƣѾ£ЩӭĲ
Ҷվڵǰϡ󵱳޼˵ʵǶôǿƾһ֮˶Ĵֱɶ칤
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ҶƸ̾ѣô˵ûɵġͨͼ֪Ĵֻɽ½Ļ֣滹һȦãȻĺڰΧţռɽ֮һ˭庣﾿ʲô
ÿÿôһ룬ҶܸоԼ̫Сˣ
һп֮Ҷƿ첽ǰ죬ͬȻڵĴֻڿյһƬеĶǱʲô˰ˡ
ʲôûУҶƸоЩ˼飬Ѱһأ˰죬һΣҶڶÿǿյģһ˿ûУɾͬձɨ
ѵ˶ʱɨ
ҶԳһЦֺһ˵дģΧڵȺǹ֮ƽ֮ΧС


814 ɺ
Ҷһ׼ڵʱͻȻоԼΧĿռһĪŤǰľĳ˱仯
һۻңٴ۵ʱҶƺȻķԼȻΧֻصĵطǰĴͬԼոߵղŷĶһ㡣
⡭ô£
ҶһͣĴΧȴûеóκνۡһЩаٴ˽ȥֱǴȥߵſڣܿҶƷԼֱ˲䴫ͳһ֮ÿҪӽеĴŻᱻͳ֮ʱȴûʲô谭
ȹ飬ҶƸ档ϸ۲ǰȻ̻ŸƣԲһ󷨣озλЩ졣
Ȼ󷨣ҶƲӲ͵̤ն𣬷ɵڵϿա
ӿпȥҶԽоڵ⣬ԼΧ˴ջ㼯Χ
ͬϢһʹܿռʱŤĪϢ͸
ȻǴɣ
һ˸Ҷó˵ػ飬ϸķҿػɲֻǼ˸ƣиֵػŵĸƴĹԼƽⷽĶǣ滹ŵػɽֻɽҳǴ˿̵Ҷܹ̽ģÿв鿴ʱ򣬶еǿҵĴʹС
֪Լʵ̫Եʣ͸֮ǰ޼ɸǸһ
ػ黹հ׵ĲҳҶƺ˻ʱʣһдƵģҲԴƵһ;
һҶ۾һΪҳ˶Ӧ⼸ƴ󣡲ɵһ󾪺Ȼ󷨣д󣡡
дһּףּѲõ󷨣Ĺؽ֮Ǽֱ֮ǽľˮ
ֻƼһ𣬲ܲ󣬷죬Ҳ޷򵥵
дһ£ӵŤռĪΰŤһй֮˽ǾԵİȫڲԭˣҲҪ̾κβ֮˷ֺ
дγɵĹؼƽ⣬ʱеػ֣֪γɵԭҪȻ׵ĺܣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦƺȼ̫ףֵ˲䣬նյž졣ҶһΣǱĴǰ
ǾƻƽɣԴ˻Ļ֮һ㣡ּ䣬̫ױҶ켣Ǵʱɫ̫׵Ϣǿңɢһȡ
̫׿νʱĴȻͬһ棡
ͣ
ϵƽⱻƣʱдбʱϣҶĿһûᣡ
䣡
ҶƲһŵ棬չ伫٣һĴڡ
һУҶƱоӭһŨޱȵ²գŨҲӿڡ
ŨҶʮĿڴд
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ǺˣҲ֪ƽд˶ʱ䣡Ҷüͷһ壬벻ͬҲ֪дһ
Ҷԥһ붴ߣض߿ףÿױһյͭǽϣֻ̫ԶϨ
ԽͨԽԼյʱҶǰһɫĻҧȥ֮󣬷ԼһƬء
ǡȻƬռ䣬Ҷһ󾪣пٳĿռ䣡
ⷽռ䣬ҶԸоع粻ͬ౶
ݵ𾪹ҶԶȥһ˲۾ٴε
ʬ
ҶһȻ֮һɫľ޴ʯʯһʬڵϡ
ʬʵҶѾֲˣϾʬġΪʲôЩҶôԾأ
Щʬǵȥ֪£ÿһ߶δ࣬͸Ƚԣ
Ȼʮɼǿʬ
ʮɼǿߣѾҪˣʬԲʱĳˢʴ
ǰ⼸ʬǣΪˣǵһ˲䣬ҶֻɽѹѪ̲סǿҶ۵³һѪ
ʮɵĺôҶƸоԼ궼ս⼸ʬԾ֣Ѿ࣬ҶΪǻδ
ȻҶѪ˵ԭȴмǾʬǣʬǲϼɫʬܵŤţƺʬ
ɵĺǣ
ҶʧгЩܽܣҪ֪޼Ҳֻʮɵʵȴɵĺǣʲôѵ޼ɸӵɱɵʵ
뵽ҶƳһ˿ߵͷʵ̫Ź֣һһСڴˣǿ޶ûطȥ
ɵʬǼΪֲ´˼֯ڹе·ҲĨɱһǿߵʬǰЧԶ̨
ǿȻһ˿ǻңжصΰмǿĹ
⼸ʬֵνǣҶЩ֣֮ǰӦһΪûжЩ
ǿһЦҶƶʬǾһҶƣλǰ߳һǿҲãֶͨɢҲգȻѾˣǻǰϢɣв½⣡
˵ţҶҲĳЩʬȥĵЩǺöȻСӲҪҿɾͲˣ
ߵʬʮڣҶжȻһоһǿҵΣճǰܿʲôҶƾǷǰһɿµɱϢ֣һǱ˯ŭ̫п֮ܽѡ
ܣЩʬǵ˶Ȼȥ£ǿߣҲǿݹһѰˣ˺ߣңҶƸԼ׳׳ǰȥ
ͻȻǹǿҵɱƺ׾ѣεĳҶ˻ѾΪʵʣ
ҶиһǰδеΣգæͷ亹ˢһµ䡣
ɱҶӶҶƵȴ΢Ĳ
֮ϣһͻȻ֣Ѫ
÷ҶƵʵڲţѾȥ˵ǿߺǣȻôʵɱ
ʬǵȷ̫ҶƲĵ˼Σÿһζɱ˻ϻ˼ӣѪ
һҶЩεķ޼۵Ĺ屦
ͻȻҶƿһ̲ѪһüѪδ̣Ӧòᳬһյʱ䣡


815 ϶ľ
ᳬһգô˵Ѫ϶ǺµġʱӦҲǿߵĹǺҪռΪеʱ򣬱ɱ˵ġҶüаԷš
Ӧд˲ٵʱ䣬¡ڵߵʱѾһ֮ǰˡôĻӦҲû߳ԶԼҲûб¶١Լ˿̼ӿٶȵĻǿ׷Ĳġ
뵽ҶҲǼѡʮҪŪ˵ĿģʱҲǿһ˿ϣ
ҿԼû˷Ѹʱ䣬ȻᱻԶԶ˦ں󷽣ĻԼ¾û취ŪĿˡ
޼ɸ֮У϶ŸֻҶţ϶Ųɸ˵Ŀģ˵͵֪޼ɸ֮УʲôرĿģѰر
ʲôҶƶԼӦȥȻûʲôߣ
ЩĿ˿ЩʬǣҶ̾һǿϧܹõǿߵĺǵĻҿ϶ܹĵϣڿ磡
ϧϧҶŤͷȥͷҲص뿪ˡʱУʱĪǿɺǣעԼܹõĶԼûʲôҪ˷̫ʱ
ԵٻɣҶ΢΢һЦŵϵѪʬǡʬһɫľʯЩ֡Ҳǿһߴɽ壡
ҶƲûȥЩ˵Щ׷ѰϺĲֽ׶Ҫ顣
߹ʬ壬ҶڷǰĿռ俪ȻǴڶٳĿռ֮УƺıʲôƵģڵʲôܵǿҵѹƣ޷ʹá
ԼԪ񣬶ƺһĪѹţ޷תԪ֮е䵽ȫˣǸǲ顣
ҶƱܵҪ̤նȴͻȻԼշеʧȥˡһ˲侪һ亹֮ǰܷУֹܶˡ
Ҷ˼һ֮Ҳİܷܲ񣬲ǺҪԼǿģȻƾ豾ԴͿ׵ĶգҲǲģˣڶԷѹ֮Լ걬ԷҲȫҪʲôǶԷʲôԴ߷һƷƾԼӦҲʮþȡ
Ҷʮţͷͦأٵ׷Ѱź㼣
һļĺе׺ǵɱƺʲôǿĴڣɱƯ֮Уʱ塣âڱĸоĺܲܡ
ˮ֮ϣһľţֻһľͷˮͰϸ
ҶĴˣûֶͨΡⳤĺˮƺûоͷߵǱߣмֻôһľͷƺҲǹȥΨһ;
ҶƴǸľͷжʮԶҲ֪ʲôɵġľž·ĺˮֻв׵ľ롣·ļĺˮѾЩ˻ˡ
ûа취ҶֻľšĻΪʵ㱻ѹҲΪղƽӶȥǰеٶȺܿ죬ľͷ֮ȵһһ̤ȥ
ľźܻƺͿĨʲôһҶƵĽžǶľٶȷɿƶ˹ȥ
͵ߵһʱͻȻǹɱ͵ΪʵʣƺʲôͲ˺֮УעҶƣƺڵȴһʵʱȻ͵سһֲ
Ҷͣ˽Ųʶѹסˡ޷̽ʶƺ̽飬ҶƸ޷·֮оʲô
ΣյĸоĲǿѨ磬ҶƸоĺϢֲܿݷŵҰޣֻҪһʵʱͻͻȻ˹˵
һӣӡ
ҶƶͷĺˮԽԽ࣬ƺҲм䵽˺ˮ֮СɲҶ˵ǿľϣһղƽ⣬¾ͻ䵽ˮ֮У
˵ˮ֮У˭ҲȷΣգδ֪ΣգҶһСĶֽġ
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Ҷ˿ֻͷ亹ԽԽ࣬ԼԼֲ˶áҪжϣҪͼǹɱȥֿԼ㣡
һ־ǿٳȥδ֪Σմڣ
ʯ֮䣬Ҷѡ˵ڶ֡ٵһԶſٵĳһ˱ܶȥ
ֻвʮˣֻҪһԾԼܹ԰

·֮УͻȻһӰٶȼ죬ֱӳҶƵıϮ
Ҷ͵һʶľҪӿٶȡѾˣԼִҪŶԾȥ±ͻ⵽ǲϮ
ҶƲҶģҲĲ
͵ͣ½Ųת˫һ˲۽Ǻɫ֮ϣһſʳ㣬нܣɢź˵ĺ⣡ϣһȦһȦĺɫƣǰһ
ǣһɼޣڰʳ㣡

ҶŭһܵľãַԼҲᱻһҧ
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Ҷ͵س֣Ѹײڶ֮͵ʳĲ֮ϣһ죬Ǻڰʳ㱻ԶԶĳɳȥһѪһǺڰʳȻҶһȭҳ⽴
ڰʳʬ䵽˺ˮ֮Уļĺˮˡ
Ҷһ׼ߣͻȻȴסˡͻȻ뵽һ⣬ڰʳһ㶼ǳȺӵĳֵģ˵ʲôѵˮ֮лĺڰʳĴڣ
ո뵽ʱѾˡ·ˮ֮ͻȻܳһһĺӰǵٶȷɿ죬ȫҶƵ
һֻһֻĺڰʳ㣬ڶ࣬ͷƤ飡
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Ҷ亹ˢһʱ֪Լ֮ǰΪʲôоôǿɱˣԭ·ˮ֮УһȺڰʳ㣡
ڰʳĸʵôǿ˵ҲһɵʵԶԶѷɫһһޡһ㶼ǳȺӵĳ֣ǿɣҲԲԸͬʱһȺڰʳ㣡
Ǵʱ˿̣ѹҶƣ֡Ĵڣһ̫ף׵ĽһȺڰʳΪ㣬ڿɲУ
磡
Ҷһȭӳȥеľ磬ֻĺڰʳҵķ˳ȥ޴ֻڰʳֻڿУͱҳ⽴ûзأ
Ǻڰʳڶ࣬Ҷһд˼ֻȴ˳һҪԼƽ⣬һҪӦЩڰʳĽһʱҲվ֮С


816 

ڰʳٶȼ죬ҶмܣǻǱֻԽ˷ߣݺݵҧҶƵĸ첲ϡڰʳ㸽ĳݺݵҶϣһģˤľ
꣡
ҶƸоһ´ʹֻڰʳȻݺݵҧҶƵʮֲֹۡ

Ҷҧأŭʱûбİ취ֻӲȥ
һСĵǺ϶ǲ룡
ֻڰʳӲקͻȻ뿪ʹҶüëͷ󺹣һٴ䣬ǰֻڰʳĳ⽴
ҶһһŶȥ˫ȴϵĴţЩӺĺڰʳȫȥ
ûѹĻҶܹ̤նУʲôľŲľţֱӴӿзɹȥˡڿɲУĪѹϢˣ
һռȻǵ޼רƵģʲôģҶƲܴĿܾΪ˷ֹ˽ԽС
˿رĲ²⣬ѾкܴĿˣ
뵽ҶĳˡЩɣ߹ľŵģ˵ѹĻûܾڰʳ˺ҧѵʲôķӲɣ
ЩⶼǴҪģҪǣԼӦôȥ
ȥһصĻһжǿ̸
꣡
֮䣬һֻڰʳҧҶƵ߹Ǵ˺һ⣬ɫѪ͵ؽ
ҶʹĻһֽǺڰʳ߬УȻ顣
ӺԾʳƺ޾Ҷ޷мܡ
ȥˣҶֻŲһСԶĶ԰ԶúܡҶĿ⣬ԼһԾӦÿֱ԰ĻԼıͳ޷صĿյĻǱʳȫ˴ͣ
ҶƳü֪ǺáӺԾʳˣȥԼѪڣͬľޣҲסô޾İ
ͻȻҶǰһƺ뵽ʲô
ռڣʲôû취ʹáԪ֮޷ƿء
ҶƻһУǾǵ֮˵˿ûн̤棬ڻŲٵĵ֮ģ˿Ҳȫܹóʹˡ
۾ҶƾĹͨڵĵ֮Ҳģ֪ǵܷ֮˳ã
̣
ռһ΢ĲҶƷԼͻȻֳһɫĹâ˼ӲĿ״ǺڰʳǷݣҲ޷ҶһȻף
Щڰʳ㣬ȻҲҶûޣô˺ҧû취ҧԼݱˡ
Ҷ˲õЦݣû뵽֮ȻãΧЩڰʳ㶼û취κ˺ǱԴӴҶ˵Ҳ͸һ
˳ɵ߹ľţҶҲϽ֮ɵ׽عͷЩļµĿ˿ľţ̾һ
Щڰʳ㣬Լɹ˹ȥһҲĲˡֺް취ֻܷŭˮС
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һĺڰʳ㣬ܲҶӰ죬һȺɱһƾҶƵ־Ӱˣ֪ɱôǿ
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Ҷ˻ʱ̻ĸƣ˿ڲϣѿƼأ
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棬޼˵޴ֺ꣬ӴĴ죬ǧ֮ʯѿɪɪ
ɽ飡
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ɳ֮ƣݺײҶؿڣ˵ĸоɲǼַ·Χһжѹ˫ȷ
ҶƱײˣÿһŶڵϣȳĽӡƺѹ޴޿κΡ
޼˳ʤ׷˫ϵĻ裬ƺڹʲôǿ
֮ţ
޼һŭȣ˫һӣһǹ財ɫͻȻεض𡣴֮УΪ졣֮Ÿһ֣ܵ쫷ʱսȥ
ҶȫѹһɣͷĿ͸Ũ۵һ˿ɵ֮ɫ˲䣬糱ˮһ㣬ƽϺȥ
̫׻ڣת޵У޾ڻۣǾˮֱգ
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ȸ챻ҶƼ˳ֻ⾫Ʒ˿ȴĶ󡣱Ҷֱӳ֮˦ȥ̫ײһ𣬻գཻڣˣԲǧף磬εض𣬴ǽھֽƬһ˺÷飡
䣡
һ죬޼ɢ޾ĺɫâǬֽһγһḥ̂۵ȫը÷飬ɿչƬ
ǳȸɫâݺײһ𣬱ϾǸ̫׵ľƷȻ˲Ǻɫâ˲ɵòĿ
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ǾƷô׵ײˣ
ҶвûʲôϾֻǰ׼ģҲۡ
һĴڣȻ˵޼˾ӸµĿҶƣϴ߶ڰջһֳ켣ܺɫâۼһŨƺɽҪռ䣬һΪ촷ۣ
Ҷֻȫδеѹͷ׹£Ϸ·ϲ֪ӣŵصɣ˽ȥ
ϯ쫷磬·ֶСĺһڣ԰˵ǻ˺Ѫ
ҶƷ֣ԼһСָͷޱȡ
ŭէ֣ҶֱٿȡһöƷʯٵץһɲݣֱСʱڽž죬ܶγɻ״ǽڣǽ᲻ɴݡ
аħұۣаħһ
񱩵˲ת˻ɱһɫԾ֯ƶ䶼˺
ɫɱħɭɭ԰
޼ҧأ˫ֿѺһһɫľ˴˫ȭ趯Ǭ֮䣬ճ򡢹켣Χռ䶼·ֳܱ⽫ռ飡

޼һһٵʩչ˳
ҶƵĺɫ˲棬״ƣ·ʱ顣

Ҷٴһаħұۣǿаħһ˿аħһ޼˵ĻԿ߶һ
̣
ռܵĲҲǴƬƬĿѣĴӣ


821 а
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˲ıը𵴵ҶѸٺɫһ䣬ӿ˲һѪ
޼Ҳܣɫ԰ֽӿУͬбǿ֮УɺѪʮֹ졣
ĽɫӰӾ޴ǹӰħһĵ񣬶վֻһӣ;ռڵĺƴ쫷磬µѿ϶ŨѪӷ϶ӿȶ
ֲаŭฺܿľϯռ䡣ȫǴĹӰ֮ϴģҲ֪ŷĸ
ӿУ·Ť꣬ڴ˻ţҪ˵ĵƣ
֮ϲ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻƮƬƣŨī֭ƮӰͷϵ䶯ţĴӡһںڵĴִ֮ŤšЩƣһ㡣
ЩĴֵļˣһżݵ棡
޼˱ĸߴӰ˿̿ȥָ̤صаħ޹⣬ǳ׹䣡
˵ĸоͬһ˼䡣
ôаϢҶҧأоаϢ䣬䲻Ӧ
ǸߴӰаʵһ㣬ÿһںӿڱаĻһ
޼ϴЦ⣬ɱʢ
ɣ޼һ֣ӴӰ˲ڶаڿΪ˸һ˻ţҶƳ
Ե棡
ӭҶҲ˿壬һָָǺƵĺ̫׷ڶŭԾаȺУȺ
̫ƺЩĿǣϯ֮ﶼڻΪޡ
䣡
ը˴̻𣬴ƬƬ̫ճ˻ҽը촷ۣ˺ĩ
̫۵Ļ֮вϳӿƻŭһըȺ俪ƶһ㣬˳·һ޽ٵأŭնԶ޴Ӱ
޼˱ӰƺĻΪһֻħ˫ĿѪĥһ޴צ̺ǿīļÿһ϶а
ǰһƣʱһоյĸоƺ죬أ
飡
̫׵Ļű䵽УȻһס۳򣬷տž졣һӣǻһ㣬Ҷƺݺݵ˻
̫׶޷˺
Ҷ˲ҲסˣһʱȻ˶ҿǻ涪ĲǺ׼Ҷʮ״ը
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Ҷ͵һҧŭȵƴˣ
˻ʱʣڿдһĹƣƺԼӦγӴ
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Ҷƽ˻ʱջأͷ죬ɫҲǼΪ԰ףӦʮֵĵĲˡǰƴˡصƯ֮ϣԼԼһɱ̺֡Ӵɱ磬иһ־֮С
ɱֻǰ裬ܹӰ꣡ʵϲˣֻǶſϼۣͻԪɢ
棬ƷҴĿ־ɣҶдЦ֮⣬ƺԼġ
Բѣ
޼ŭͬʱ˫һӣŭѹȥһ·ѹȥѹǰһдڣ
Ӱ͵һ̤ȥռ䶼һ¡һŸڵϲȳһ޴ĿӶʮ׳
Ӱ˫־𣬽ҶƵĽֱ˺ѣУ
⽣Ƿϵˡ
Ҷһ㶼ʲôҲеϧϾֻǽɻĶҲۡ
Ҷ̻֮ϵ󷨣ƺĿѹһеĴڣɱ磬ֱӽ޼˰ɱﵽһΪֲĸ߶ȣ
ˢˢˢ
еֱ޼˳װУ
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޼˲侪֣ƺǷʲôƵáĴţܣԴϹ֮ʧ˵ɱô̻ܿĳԲܣ
ĲҽУĺӰâҲ˲ȥƺɱȫǣ޻֮
Ҷ¶һĨЦ⣬û뵽㻹ͦʶأûɱ󣡡
ɱҶ֮ǰڵػ֮һʮŸɵһɱ֣ǿֱܹ˵꣡
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գɱҶƵУ
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һʱ䣬֮ŵĶǡɱ˻û뷨ֻޱ޼ʵԨ

޼ڸܵ˷ɱ֮УȫʩչյɱǿӰ죬Щ᧿ΣϾֻһĨʶѣûжʶյӰΪǿң
ңɱ
Ҷ᲻Ӱָ飬ʵʱѾǲľеʱòҲǷһˮһսˣ
ɱûãǻҪ군ˣ
ãһж֮мһ

޼˲ҽţĺӰֱʧ屻ɱڵɱǧٿףҽš
޼˵ĲҽУλݺǧԶǿߣǰԼ¡ǷУݵġ
ֻϧⲻֻһѡ
˵֮ףôһ£ҶƵȻû֮ǰ޼Ŵᵽ֮ףҲǿʵ
޼ƺѾȫԼǾӲȥɱġ
һӥȴСȸϹۣްްҪ֪Щܣ㣬޿ܣ޼ŭ̶
ȣҲǼȸΣҴԲżȻҲˣǣʵҶһͬʱһָҡҡʮֲмĵ
ϾʤΪΪܡҶоԵ̬ȥ޼ˣֻΪʤߣ
ţԲŹģһԪ͹尾Ʒеʹ࣡޼˵尵ȥȻŭţ;ƿݵޣɲ䡣
һģǶԺˣ޼ã޼ټ
Ҷһ֣ɱ޼˵ȫ䴩ɡ


822 ɵ

ҶƸеһɣ·ͷĴʯͷͻȻߡ޼˵ʶһʮּѡȲ˵ԷɵʵЩҲֱõıġԣҶ˵ѹһĴ
ɱڽԷʶնɱȫһ䲻⣬ڼý˺ܳʱ䡣
Ϊ޼̫԰ƻ֮û̾ͶҶƳ֣Ҷлɱɱû֮ǰ֣ҶƾԻæҡ
ֻ޼һҶƸͲҶնУ˵նпɵնɱ޼˵ķͬʱҲһϢ˳ȥǾԼӵк顣
޼˽鹫ȥĻԼɽ粽У֪ѰԼˣĴ񹬣ǸɢɣԼһ޴ķ⣡
Ҫ֪ǿǺ
ó˻ʱʵʱҶҲͬ޼ǿߣ˭֪ʶʶأ
Ҫ֪еȥǸɢɣȻеô㿴޼ֳǿû
óûжʤġҶƼǱŶԶĵ˻ʱʼ˳ȴʮϲ˵ģ޼ƺûϳ˻ʱʣҲҶƵʱһ
Ϣһ֮ҶվϸĴܣԭúõ޼˿ҲѾΪˣǽڶʧˣҲǴƬݡķ϶ҲĻָţ޴ĺۼ
ͻȻҶ˫۶ǰǸ֮ϡ֮ǰ֮ףǷ֮еģ޼˵ķҲڶСҾղǷѵĳ˿Ȼƽ
ǰȥҶ˸ߵĴ󶦣̵Ļƣʮֻϸһ̵ƺһԶޣһ˫Ѫź챦ʯǶɡǽ󶦵İȫ˳Եòɣϣۻ뼤
ڴ֮ϣо˿˿Ϣ͸ֱ飬һ˵оҶĦ󶦣ƺѲż֮һийصϢ
֮Ҷε̾һΪȫ󶦵
ҶͻȻüΪ͵һȭڴ֮ϣ硱һ˿ԼΪ
Ȼ֪ʲôɵģ㹻ӲҶ̾зžϲĹâֻƾӲĲʣ󶦾Ծܹ뾫Ʒ֮У廹֪Чãҩʲôδ֪
ҶƾȴԺһŪ󶦵
һҶƽ˿ռָ֮У̺ķٵ
ܵĽȺѾݳΪ棬Ҷɲ׼Ź볹ͷβһѣ﾿ʲôĶ
뿪޼ķΧҶƸоԼµٴӰ١ûоȣǿٵĴš
еĵطֱӻΪһƬޣЩҶӹˡҶƵĿǣԶ޼ĵЩûбĴң˵оϲ
ߵһõĴǰҶŽȥʱ֮䣬ҩ֮ȻǴ浤ҩĵط
ҶƿˣɵһĶѷһһĵ֮УкĴ󻹵ŵǾת굤̫ҺСҲѷСһһ޴«װš
«ǰǱעɵơһеһУϹҶƵۣ
࣬Ҷƶ޷гĺҩҲУǳ֮
ɵ񴢴һıš
Ҷƿˡ챦ʮ컯衱ȵȣҲװĺ«У«ڿ̻ѹţ˸ŵĹ̲С
аɵǿſһЩƷӡľƿУѹŵɵҶԼĹ㣬õȥ϶һȷѪ꣡
ܹöƷʯɵȻһ«˲ò̾ԭ˵ĵ̣
ֱܿһЩˣ
Ҷа̾ţݺǿߣҾȻ˷
ȻЩȻˣ
ҶƹһЦ͵һ֣ʱɵǳˮһ㣬ԶҶƵĿռָ֮Сڶ࣬Ȼֱװһռָ
Ҷ߳ʮֲ㣬ĴѰδյĴ
һҶ³߽ȥȴʧյʲôûУӦòǴ涫ġ
ͻȻҶƱһһĲдƷƺĪֱˡ
Ҷһֱӽǰϵʯ̧·һѾ˵ҪǱѹ촷۵
ЩƺڸղŵƳ֮ˣһĶûС
ҶƷ˿̶ǷϵˣӲʮ֮һ
ҶòᣬݺһȭʯϣйԼķŭʯȻҲǼӲĲɵģҶƵǿ֮£ҲӦ顣
ôȻȫ˷Ʒͺñ쵽Ѽӷһ˲ߣ
һֱûпǻãûϣûʧƫƫҶƿˣϣֳ˳׵ʧȻҲߵĲˡ
ְʣµĴѰһȦûзıҶƻǱȽˣõһ󶦣֮ףôɵĲƸһҪˡ
޼ɸ֮лŸıΪʱеɻ֮ɫζβסġǾ˵ԭĿĸ޼
棬ҶƾԼʱȥѰǶˣ˵֪ʲôǿȲӣܿ϶ǶһĲˣ
ص֮ǰĵطֳʬɵڵϣѪΧҲǿӿݣһƬ档
ӦôȥҶƵʱǱһΧȻռ䡣ȥʱǲҲӦԭ·أ
ǰһ治͸ǽڣΣճ̶δ֪ҶûκοǣͰַȥ
ಣ
һӴ˲ҶƵУ
ſռ䲻ϵŤƺڽŲͬռתҶҲоԼͷе裬Ưһ

ˣ
ϿͻȻѿһӣһɫҶƵͱУصĵˤڵϡ
һ£Ҷ˵ľҲˤ˻͵صĴɨţƺҪȷԼķλ
ΧϤľҶƷ֣Լֻص޼ɸ֮ˡƬ֣ǰ׷ٺɭ֣ﱻɫǸռġ


823 
ïܵĴ֣δ֪ΣմҲЩļ£
ҶƱѹȻҲʮ־裬һǶɼޣ˵ܹƾǿϻնɱ޵ʵߵĻǾΣˡ
˳ֲϳǰȥ֪ΪΣ֮һɵѪϢ֮ȥΪ졣
ҶѡԵĺһ㣬ǰȥ
ֿããһƬޱ޼ʡҶȴȫϣһֱǰȥ
ʱһһĹȥҶƶԼ˶Զ˫üɻĴ
˵һ·ɱķȴûһֻ޳·ɵͨ
ڣҶƿ˾ͷƬɭֵľͷҲռľͷ
һɽסߡңߣֻһɽڰɽǧҡ
Ҷ֪Ͳʲôɽռľͷֻ˿̿һɽһ㣡
ܾͲﰡҶ̧ͷɽа֮ǰĿģҲֻҲûЩˡ
ҶƸоԼѪڣǰջͿ÷ʢˣ㣡ûԼĿģǾǸ溲ҵյЩɵʲôģֻ˵ǿθС˶ѡ
ߵɽ£Ҷ̧ͷǧ׸ߵɽҲЩεҡҡͷ
˵ûбѹƵĻ׵ķȥڣֻֽŲã
˺Ҷ͵һܣ߸Ծ涼ߵЩѿ϶
꣡
ҶһԾʮף˫ֺݺݲɽ֮УӲɽʯͬһ׾ٵıץ͸
ˢˢˢ
Ҷٶȷɿ죬ɽ֮š˫ǿ׾ٵĲɽ壬ǿҲ̾
һǽϵ֩һֽŲãʱˣͻᾪ̾ҶٶȣȻ½ϷɱҪ죡
ǧ׵ľ룬˵ԶҲԶ˵ԶҲԶƾҶƵٶȣһж˵Ǻѹܿ죬ȥ˫һԾȥ
ɽ֮ڣҶƲŷ֣ɽԼһ򵥵ɽһƬ޴ܶǰ˼ҶƷɽڲķ֧ѨһȥԹ
ɽ嶼Ϳ˴룬Ŵ˷Ӻΰɽ
澿أҶƵͷϵ˼ʲôɽ֮˵ƽĪĴһ˷Ϣ
ҶСĵ͸ʶ׼鿴ڵĻʱʶֻ͸ⲻһף㱻һεѹ˻
ĹͬѵɽǿĴڣҶһһ˿Ĵ⣬ֻǻ׷ȥ
·ҶƾԼĲ²⣬ѡһ
Խ룬ҶƵҲԽȣɽƺббµĶѨߵ棬ҹգ֮Ҫɽת˸顣ʱҶ֪ԼѾԶ˵ر׵Ŀš
棬ǼӲʯ
ţҶƷܶڲһֱ۴ϸʯɢŵİɫΣܶӳһƬâҲԵĺڰܹģĿΧΡ
ף֣ôôȣ
ʱǰͨٴγ˱仯ܵĶڽ˰ɫǰĶѨӿ
ҶƵţһԥ֮ѡǰ
࣡
ǰУҶŵһɴ̱ǵζֵζİҲİΪ;Щ
Ҷüͷʱ𣬵ҽôҽǰУֲǵ£
ã̶ֳȵ£Ҷƴʲô˺ǰȥ˲ףڹսһѨʱǰͻȻһĻ֮ӣĿֲҽɢˡ
ҽ봦һ̻ͨƣҽ¸ȴʼղƶλõľۡ
Ǿʮ׳ĺصĴ̻µƣɢһبŲɣ֮С۰֮ܽϣɢŰ۵һƬʾʱɢĵϣ͸޾ĴΰҶƼ֮оһĤݵĳ嶯
⾿ʲô
ҶƸоԼ궼ڲϵĲʱЩη壬ϾҲǾĥ˵ЩڣǿǲӰжġ
̧ͷҶ˫۶ʾ֮ϣǾ֮ϣƯһö͸
˵ֻӤȭͷС̺ȴ˿СǴϵѹȣϵѹȣ
꣡
ϸžͲѷ֣ΧĿռ䶼ЩŤʾסɽҪӰһݣ
ǿܸоŨ
Ҷ۾һһ˲䣬ǹٻǿǧٱڤڤƺһҶƣһҪõ
ҽ۳һĴӣ۾ںƯţҲ֪Ǳʲôƣ۲ûźˮŶ沨ƺ綨ںһͦ
Ҳһǿ㣬ӦǾƷ
ʾͬر˵ҲɲݣȴǼΪĲϣȻҶԼҲ֪ʲôϣǽƾܹѹסǾƷ֮еľƷ
˲ò࣬ˮɶ
ûʲôϡɽ֮УȻֱ벻
ҶһȣƺҪְȫСˡܽ룬밶аҡҶһԾľڱѹֵ£ܴﵽôԶ
ӦߵǾ֮أ
Ҷ˼֮С
ܽڵĹཹཱུģԼҲһֺܼܳʱ䡣ѹƵ£óȻȥԼƾǿȥˣҲⲻˡҪõ϶ף˵ĻȻ½
Ҫֳӯſԣ
ѹƣҶȫԴ߶Ժ֮еԶԪ˺͡ڲԣֻƾӲ
ͻȻҶƺʲôһæǸװɵĿռָ
ܻ𵤣
Ȼҵˣ
ܻ𵤵Чǣʱܸ£յʲôˡɵҲǱȽϸ߼һˣҲֵܼüöƷʯҶƲ֪ռָ֮йɵʲô࣬ϸң׼û
ȻҶƾҵܻ𵤣
̷ܻȥ֮ҶƸо´ڵⶼȺŤŤӣҲǺԥ֮ܽС
ͨ
Ҷƽ˴ܽ˻ϵＸ˲ͱճޣҲںռָ滹кü·


824 
ܻЧܺãܽߣûаָо¶ȸպãһʵµɣܻ𵤣Ҳ֮ܽȪʲôΣա
ҶƿٵĳǾȥľˮ㡣
ε˾ԱߣҶƲܵǹ𺳵ĸо۳ʮף̻Ÿƣ˲ɵøоۻҡҲŸµƺܹΧռĹ΢΢ϵĲš
ֵ֣ۡĸоȻǸһļӲҶȻæȭͷݺ۵ĴǺ𣬷ҶƵֱеۡ
̺Զž۱ƺͷ֮ҶȴЩƺԭʹھ۱ģƺǺ챻˻ȥġ
ʲôƣ
ҶƼɻȥĦơͻȻȻ˸âۣӴֱӳҶڡ
ۣ
Ҷ⧲͵һѪף˫֮дŲ֮⡣
ƷһΣյĹ֮ȥֻƽ֯һۻҡ
ҶԺ֮һ֪ˣЩƣԭͿ̻ھϵģרӡ۵ģ
Щƺйɣӡסˣʹ֮Ϣû˿й
֪ЩǷӡ֮ҶҲ֮⣬ϸоƵĹ졣˰죬ûʲô֣ҶƲЩܸС
ۣҶ֮ǰһ۱㿴ǼƷһޱǿľƷǧµ˺ۣһЩطȻѵĺۼ»Ӱ쵽۵ܡ
ˣҶҲԿ϶⴬ԼĻڲϵ󣬱ǼӲޱȣɣײϿ϶Ҳ˵Ľ
ʲôģ۸ֱӿԺԣһ·ѹȥ˭ҵֻ³
ۼ󣬹͸Ӵµ˺ۣҶƱоһѹԶۿĸоȫͬ
ԶܸоֻвɣƾĴУصبϢ
ȻԲƽҶɿԶŵʱ۵һλλͬµǿؼ棬۱³ɱ֮
¾۱ƷӡѲҶơӡԶļʱ䣬ᱻµĥ٣Ҷеػ֣϶ǲƷӡġ
ĵػ飬ķҶƻԣܲõƿӡԵĻҲʡȥĵػʱˡ
ҶԱӡľϵƴ͵һȻһưȥƣ
һ֮صĴ䣬ȻʹճܲסѹѿΧܽҲϵĶţཹཱུķڲ
˵ҶƱѹǽƾǿԻӷǿģ
磡
һ𣬱ƷĴ̶ҲⱩըһˡ
ףЧ
Ҷ۾һԿһ˿Ʈھ۱Ҳһö
۰ۣڴ˳أҲį˰ɣռȻעǰһĴڷ׷ɣԺˣһɽɣ
ҶЦ˫ĳÿһѷղŵһƣǰӡ޴ӡղϣ鵼¿ֲݣϢ
Ҷ˫۱и˿ڣȻ⣬ħĻţÿһ÷ӡȻƮɵķ顣
ȭŲãıݣⷽͣܵĶڳԵĹѣɽٹÿֲҲҪ̮
Ҷȴ˿⣬õʾͱҪƿ۵ķӡֻǵһѣ
ƣ
һҶӿϣεڣȰڶһһǰķӡ
ɲǼӡ۵ʧˣƬƬѣֱޡ
䣡
Ȼ򲻵ҶƸˣǾںȻӿĨɱγһɫƿͷұա
̣
նڲϵĲţظѿϵ龰ռ䶼ƺҪ
ʱҶƺܵģɽ᲻ܲסֱӱ
ãɽ˵ջûеͷϷǸ޴ĿԵüΪģ
ڣ
˲ϴϢһҶֱӰž۵ıԵԾȥվ֮Żһ
֮ǰƣʵںķ̫òȶϢʱ䣬ҲǼΪϧ
ָһЩҶҲվʾȥʱͻȻԼһ˿ңһ졣
ʱ뵽ԼѾܽճɻҽˡ˵طеڶˣҶǸоЩϾû㣬ϰߣ
æӿռָ֮ȡһոµۻϣҶʾ
ߵʾǰҶͣס˽Ųϸʾ´˺þãȷûƴҲûŷġ
ҶСĽղűϵƴŵˡղӲһǣҲؿѪþöûƽʱȻҼĴˡ
ҶЩСĵȥʾ֮ϵץȥʾֻвС棬´࣡
ʾ֮ڣҶƲûʲôĸоֻ쵽֮ϣ½С
һȵϢҶɫһݣʶĶҪƾǿҵ־סԼĶ
ҿǷ¹ܻ𵤵İЧӦûڰɣбܻ𵤵ЧãҾȻܲסĸ£жôֲҶƵɴ˫ۣĶᵽɤۣ³ʲô⡣
ãȥǹȵԳܵĸ֮⣬ҲûʲôΣա
ȡ֮ҶƺȻ֣ԼƣѾȫ̵ĺˣ
Լǿϱܻ𵤣Ǳ̫գҲܼһᡣƺҪǿ࣬ȻԼ̵ֱ
˻
ҶƳһϸĴöӤȭͷСɢ˱ǵȴžҵĸ£̹̣Գܡ
ʲôҶмƣҲ˵һʲôо̺ǿҲ
ˣ
ҶУ·ܵʲô٣ݵĲһ֮ͻȻһ⣬Ѹײڶ֮ƣ͵شҶƵüģ

ҶƷӦѸ٣˲ǿƿλãԴƵȥǸãֱûü֮Уʧ


825 ̫

Ҷвô£Ҳ͸оûü֮ˡ
ֻоü֮ƺй궯ָоܲҶߵɱˣ˫ȭ߬ݺݵ˾֮ϣ
¡
ƺƴ󣬵۲ûʲô𣬾΢ĻζûС
꣡
һĪʱҶֻüĴһӿƺʲôǿҵ궯
оüĵ궯Ҷһ˼ĵ굽ڣӦûʲôҲʲôʵģѵҽͬˣҪ֪ҿͬʡ
Ҷƺ˼ʱͻȻоԴҪѿһʹ˺ѷΡҶûںУɲǼüѿһ϶һɫĹҡҷԣɢϼüķ˳
ǹǰǹ۶ɣҲɵġľŸ֦ϷֱžŸ˺Ϣ̫ģԣɹ綯ͨʶҶƿüеĹԽãһ˿˿Ե·Щ·ңȴһµĵ͸оƽ
ȻҶƾģǹڹ֦ϵ̫ģԭ̫ĹоŸʱȴֻʣ˰˸
һֹģ֦϶һ̫
ǵģҶƿıˣܲ˼飬ţʧ˹ĵϣһڵ̫ȡ
⣬ǡҶ˫۵ɵúܴ󣬸оδ𾪵飬棬Ҫ˵ܳһ̫û취⡣
̫ҶƵĸоǵҲκصֶҲۣս̫
Ȼǻ¶Ȼ̫̫ССȴҶƶжϡ
ȵֶҲǻû̫ǿҵĹâ߹ˡǽֻǽ̫ѣȴֶ̫α˿̣ө֮⣡
ʶпһĻ̫죬ҶƼεŲ˼飬ƽе𾪡
ôᣬô̫Ҷƴǰ̫֮оǲ֮⡣
ҶҲ֪Լôģôһɲ˼ƺ˱ı䶯ȻȥҪС̫
˵̫ǰɢŹȣҶȴһ㶼¡棬ܵǿҵϤУǱʶⲢûʲôΣգ
ҶƵֽӴ̫˲䣬ǰ̫˲ǵ㣬ڿɢ
ҶƵɴ˫ۣͫײĽʱ˿̣֪˵ʲôá
ͣˣ
ҶԼû뵽ƺƴĽԼһ֮ɢˣ
ˢˢˢ
ЩɢȥĹĻǵĹĻȻٴϳ˸ֻɬѶ̫ģֱҶԺ֮С
һ£Ҷǳ׵סˡڣڽ߾ȫԺ֮е֪ʶ
̫ϹһǿþѪûģ˵ڵʵѾﵽϽɣɽһңɢɡɽ䣬ķòաϲôһȻǴǿЩںˣʱʷĳ֮С
Ǿ޲žɢɵݽƮ֮أƾ贴Ʈ֮ض˴ﵽļ¼ֻ˾ǧ꣬ͳɹɽϽɡ
ǣһȴͻһšҲ֪ǲӢţ˿áϣȻڽϽ֮粽δ
֪ϽɱƴǶԹƿأ˭Ĺ࣬˭ʵǿ
û뵽ֻ˾򣬾Ҳ粽ΪϽ֮ϲĴڣ
ɽĹƵģֻ˾֪ǶôĴڣ
ڶôŬҲûа취ˡǾӴ֮޴ǣԭƮ֮صţҲΪǿеķϲ񣬸кܶ˰̲ġ
ԭɢһҲʲôҥԡƮ֮س֮£ķ
Ҳ֪ǷʲôëþѪԼľȫ̻˾̫ģ̫һ֦Ϊ壬ûû̫֮ںϵ֦֮ϣֽûΪһϣԺҵ߽Щȥ
֮󣬲֪ھǵ·λϽַӡסӴɽûڵĴ˵
Ȼڱӡˣ̫ûȴ
ҶƼֱţԼõö۵ȻǴһλϽǿ߱ľ
ڸղŽԼԺ֮еǸ̫йһҶ߻գ͵ڱǿа֪ʶע뵽Ժ֮У㾿ⲻ⣬׾ٵġ
ҶЩ׾̫ģͷ֮ȴһƬҡȫʲôҲáһŽɽɽؤ
ھ粻ǸΣʹҲԶԶû취򡣲ҶȴҲûջʵҲΪöһǣ
ʶ֮УԭҰľſǣ˰˿ţö˸ǳϣɢǿ
־һǳ˿ҶƵʵѾǶˣ
ԣ
Ҷչһ壬ʱͷ𣬼ö
̫Ҳ˻ȥҶüĴѿҲɢȻ˵ĴڣҲǰ˵̫ġ
֮ǰ֪ΪʲôҶƾȻ߶һǹԶע뵽ҶƵԺ֮СǸûʲôãȵҶƵʵϽ֮󣬲ȥİأ
ڵ͵̤ż֮ϣֱżܣ
ʵ粻°еĹ򶼽ֱӹԺҲֻǶţ٣𲻵κЧ
ǣҶ૵˿Ȼϲ֮Сղ˵û̫ģȴƾվһǳһʵֱ֮еľϲ
ʱգԼʵܹϽɣô˵ʲôҪֱ˾¸ԼһͬϽɵˣԼҲԶԶǰɣ
һ뵽ҶƾͿĲѡֻ֪ջܷʢȴû뵽˷ʢ
һҶƽԼĿƿǰʾ˿ĭȻʾֵǿӾ;Ժܰ󣬱ϾǸһģٲҲȥɣ
ҲϸʾҶֱÿռָͬһȫװ˽ȥ
ƷľۣɽԼʾ
ҶзźԼջѾЩõĲˣѵԼһӵˣչô
ȻĻôԵأ컯أ


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ƺڲҲ֪ô¡
˵ҶƻƽһԼԲˡΪɽƺҡҡ׹ѾǿҪˡ
ҶҲתͳɽⱼϮȥҿܻ𵤵Чڣιȥҽջһ·ҲٴλΪޣ֮£Ҷֻٴͳһ״ϡ
߳Ҷ֮ҶҲǧ׵ĸ߶ȣֱһԾ¡һʯص˵֮ϣƾǿء
䣡
ҶƵĳݺݵ˵֮ϣȻֱҳһԲʮ׵ľ޿ӣһʱҳǺˣ
ҶĴӴ֮ϵĻҳɷ˷֡
һεջǳϣô˵Ǵ׬û뵽ԼֻΪһʱ棬ź͵õôԼǺõ찡
ҶƱϮȥǧ֮ɽź¡һ³׵ƺʧȥĹһľû˼ǵĽ֫
Щ͸Ҷûʲôϵˣԭ·߹֣Ҳ֪Ϊʲôԭޱȵִ˿̾Ȼĵģƺ֮ǰе޶ˡ
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Զƺԭ˼ĪȻ󣬵Ҷȴʮֵľ裬˫üһƺѲš
ƺԶǾǰҲԼȥıؾ֮·
ƽʵԶҶԼٶǰãҲԴžʼԽԽ죬𶯶ĤͬʱҲòͷľڷɱһ
ҶƵüͷԽԽڣԽԽֱһĻ
֮ǰǸʲô֦۶ϣǼ˺ϱֵĴ裡һſŵ˲䱻ӴɱΪޡ
𣡡һŭǰ
ģҶƵҰʼ
ǰ֮еһƬյأǲһȻγɵĿյأΪġ˺ϱֵĴɿɢһԣԲʮɶûһôõĴţ
ֻǿɱһ𣬴ѽѷֲ֣˭ǿ˭֮һƬҵĳ棬ľ׷ɣ档
һһֻ޴룬һŷݵĳۣÿһ趯һҵ磬֮ľϣ׷ɳȥռǰҲЩҡҡ׹һֻӵĴ죬ȴΪߴǰֻ޻Ҫ߳һͷӴƺռȻƣǷҪ߳ǰһף
ĿռڣҶƣЩޣѹ˱Ĵ󲿷ʵֻƾǿӲƴ
ֻޣ඼ɵʵΪռǵı⵽˼Ϊǿҵѹƣ˲ʹһ㣬ǵʵҲӲѹһң
˵һɣǵɺƴΧľľȻ󳹵׵Ĵݻ١յصķΧԽԽ𺳲ѡ
򵽼Ҵ˭ҲûҶƣҶ֮ǾûκζķӦǰڿƴҪöԷصļʽ
𣡡
ͻ뷢һͬʱԼٶǰ
ڿлûһӰռ䶼ΪٶȶЩ͡ιǲټκһƴһеⲫ˫붯ȥҲʾ쳯ҧ϶ȥ
ҶһʱоЩڸǿƵĳֻ޻ûжôǿ˿̶ƴԵޱȺƴ
꣡
ͬʱ޾޴ַұֱӲ͸޵ǰأɫҺ޵˿вһءԼҲþһҧ˲ϣݼֱӽĲҧϡ
ܾˣ
ֻǿޣĽȻܾˣ
ҶΪһԵĿͣڽⳡս
ռˣҲǻᱻѹʵġ
뵽ҶҲǲ֪˵ʲô̾һ첽ǰȥֻ޵ʬǰ
ֻǷһСˣҶƵ˼ȷҪЩ߳Ŀռ䣬Ȼ뿪޼ɸ
Ͼ޼Ѿ֪ԼķԼɱˣ֪ʲôʱһԼٶˣ޼ö޼ɸ棬ܶܲˣ
ҶȻţǾԲԸʵǿʮɵ޼ˣһ뷨ûС
ֻص֮ǰľŵĵطҶƸûʱġֱڲдһЩ֮Ƥ棬ƤһһӲޱȡ
һУҶƿ첽Ŷ԰ȥˮеĺڰʳһԾҶ˺ҧҶƸҪʲôֻǿ첽š
磡
ڰʳĳҲǾ޴ģҶ΢𵴣ǻ˳ߵ˶԰
԰ԶֵľͷҶɫһϲٶȷɿ졣
֮߳ҶĴһǰɫľʯƺɼ첽߽֮󣬾ʯԱߵǼǣҲɢŵϢջҶƵ񾭡
һɼĺǣʣµĶǿɺǡԱ߾ʱҶʮֲĵǺһۣεҡҡͷתȥ
ڵʵ̫ֻҪܹõɺǣһΣңٶȾǳɱ
ϾɵĺǣŸ·һҲһˡ
Ҷ漴ſģԼõǾ򣬼ֵǱɺǿ򣬵ֵһϽɵĺˣ
˵ֻо򣬵ǶĿǰҶ˵Ҫеİأȫڶţ٣ֻеȵʵɳ֮󣬲ȫŪЩĴԼ塣
̫֦ҶžѾ߷һʣǼ䱦Ķˣ
ɫʯҶѡԵĺԵˡϾ񣬿ǵҲûôࡣûȥ룬ΪʲôЩ˵ĺǶɫʯԱߣɫʯİأ
ҶߵĺֱܼǰЩˡ
߹һȣǰһƬɫĻ
Ҷ֪ԼǴ߳ġȥʱҲӦôɡ
˫֣̽ɫĻ֮Уûκθо
ȫ߳ɫĻʱҶƷԼƮƮģһԽȥѾһռˡ
̧ͷɨܣҶƷǰĴ֮С߳ҶƷĴѾֹͣתƺΪԼǰĶƻ֮еΪƽ⣬ŻʧȥЧãƽ棬ͨͨĽһ


827 ԦƷ
뿪ЩҶҲʽص޼ɸ֮ڡܻĻ˸Žĵ̣Ҳڷ⣬˸ۡ
ŵЩʬǣҶҲЩϧ̾һҲ֪޼ɸڵʬΪ֮࣬ҿӲǻಫģϲûκε˿ڡЩʬǣ·һɢˡ
һӵʣҶ˳ЩʵҲûʲôϵ޼ɸ֮еõѾˡЩʬǵʲôҲûκιϵˡ
޼ɸĴǰҶƿţǰƺոµ磡
߳ţҶŸеȫɣعͷ޼ɸ֮ϹŵӴңһ֮󣬶ҵĿҲ˳ɱ
ЩջĿ⣬ҶƵͻȻһָѪҶָΪʣڵ֮дţƺһѶơ
ƺܼ򵥣ֻǶ̶̼ʵĹգѾһʱ䣬ýɫѪ̻ƾͳ˵֮ϡ
ҶɫЩ԰ףϾԼϵѪǺܽģôģĳԲҿõĲ࣬Ҫһʱ޸
ģɵɲܹ䵽ġ
վҶưͦأ̤ĳȥг˷ܵĹʣƺһգ㣡
ǿ̻ڵϵƣһȷλõƣܼ򵥣ôҲСֻλøģһܹɵҹ
ˣҶһ·߳ȻûһֻޣԶԶ統ʱôա߳ķΧ֮ҶƸоƮƮģڵĳӯٴλˣ
ӿ֣֮ǰĪѹƵѾָˡ
ʵҶԼҲΪʲô޼ɸķΧҪѹƣ϶ĳֹ򣬵޼˿϶ûʹùġ
⣬Ҳһա
ҶͣһƬյϣռָڵľȡ˳ڿյ֮ϡ֮ǰߵĴæѪô򵥵鶼ˡ
һѪھ֮ϣʱɢһ鶯ĸоɳų˹ʣֻɫɻҰʮƾɣģֻһдƷ
ֻǲдƷҲ㹻ˣڵѪ֮ҶƲŷ֣дƷȻҲƷʵ
Ľ۵ಿĻ
ҶͻȻһͷ漴ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ֻǲдƷ۾ǿʣµ񲻾ǳԽ˾ƷĴڣﵽ˼Ʒô
Ʒ
ҶƼѵһĭûʲôֻ֪ƷȾƷҪ߳һΣǿķָ
ȻҲ֪ʲô֣ڼȻңҾһȫµ֣Ҷĸϵ˺ۣ૵ҾͽƷţΣ
ûлش𣬵Ҷƺܴĵ׸ܵã
ķӡɳįˣ
Ӵ֮֮ȻƷ³ɽ磬ݺᣡҶ͵һƷŵĴ⼤Ҷı֤ҲǶĳŵҶƣ㣡
˵ţҶƷԾƷ֮ϣվڴͷװ崦ҶƸоԼҰ˲Ҳ˲١
𣡡ҶٿƷţƷ͵ƯʵҲϲ̵ġ
Ʒŵ˷ҵļһ㣬͵س˳ȥ
ಣ
Ҷֻо粻ϵڶԺХֻܱͣⲻϹ硣
һеĸоԣ
ȻƷţ
ҶֻоƷŵٶȼ죬Լ̤շУҪ˲٣ޱȵĿģУҪ˷һڴһã
Ӽװ֮߻ص˷ڣҶƷķ䶼̻ƣƺǼơ˵ڸߵʻţڷڣоκε𵴣˯Ҳᱻ𵴾
ҶϴʼĿʵ˵ʱľһֱڼȽŵ״̬֮У˿ҲܹһˣѵõĻᣬȻŹ
˫ۣҶƴ˿ʮ־ȣģҲǽ硣
ֻ˯֮УľѸٵĻָ
ۣѾܵҶƵٿµָһ·Ŷʻȥٶȼ죬ٶȣòһ£ܵǣ
Ʒž޴Ĵڿ׾ٵƿˣ纣аޣ֣
꣡
˱뿪𣬲ҶڷڣΪƵʲô
ƷŴԶȥһƶıݣڣӴѹ
һһգתۼȥʮգƷҶƵָڷǰţ붫ǣҲԽԽˡ
ǾڽգƷǧﴦҲһӴսƲʵı־ߵٶȣ¹˰ʱ͵
Ҷƴ˿˯㣬ȥЩ
ʱܿȥƷٶȷɿ죬ûκαõ˼սҲǣɢΣյϢ
ʲôãƸսײˣÿս֮ϣͻȻһϵƺھŶս
Ҷں˯ûעЩƷţҲҶƵָˣӿٶȣ
ʲô£ֵǱߵսԾˡԷӣȻûκιǣտʼʻսĻΪԷʲôս˲ŷֻ֣һòսѣ
ʲôŵģսȥѵɢܰɣٶô죬ȥͶ̥
ǼսһۿŶԽԽսƺҪһ㡣
һŭĴͬʱսͻȻ˸һǿĳӴͷȥݺݵĳƷҹȥ
ƷȻ˲ɣĺظУǴȷʵЩȱҵǹĺۼʮԣһƴɣҲֲƸôţһԲֱӶ֡
̣
ӴⲨֱײƷŵĴ֮ϡ
ƷޱȼͣϾļƷǿ̶ȸɣһЩҲžƷӲȣâײȥֻƷŵĴŤһ½˶ѡ
ҶȴŨѣӳ˯֮Ƣʮֲá
˭˯
ҶƷŭ֮Уһ޺𵴵ҡ֪֮УȻϢƴ˶Ĥͣ
ս͵һ˲ͣڿУһŭ𣺡ȻҳײƸսǻòͷˣ
Ƹ󣿡Ҷһ飬˲˯׵˾⣬ӷ߳վ˼װϣԶԶĴƸս
ս֮ƸƲʱǣҶƶʱЦ֮ɫ
û뵽ԩ·խҶ߬ȭͷЦѵ˵Ƹɱң


828 
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ս֮ϵ˶֮ǰƸ׷ɱҶƵϢѾ˰񹬣˭֪ҶƾͻȻʧһ㣬ͲӰҲһĿѰûκεĽ
׼ʱҶƾȻôŵվ󷽵ĳԼݣһֱӵסƸսȥ·
սƴƣƸ֮ҲֻһܹʸǾƸĸҲǵҶɱʱƸĲʶҪҶ̸ҶƲûнܣǸɾնɱ
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СϷҵĺÿ࣡һͻȻм޵֮⣬Լ𼴽ıĿС
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Ҷǿ̬Ƹް취Դ̼ҶƣҶƱĻＤŭˣͺֱӳ֡˭û뵽ҶƸû˵ĻϣֺǺǵԼһͨ
ŭգƸɫͨ죬صĴһͺ͵߬˫ȭС㻹ϷǰţɱϷİͽҲҪ
ң˵кܶ౦ϷͲЦˣƸָǷŵģ
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˵ǿޱȣһȻͬһ㣡ƸһЦֻϧϷϷֻƾЩֶΣƷ㣡
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ҶһָſͬʱһգųɫĻڰջ켣֡ճֵ˲䣬񺿣ħ𾪡ջλߵ̬ݺݵĳ֮Уһƽꡢ𵴣ɵĴʱ·ʱҪſ顢ѡ
ֻƾҶһ˵ͬʱһĵĸо
ƸĿУһ˿ĹʣתΪ𾪡
ȻһɵʵɵĴ󣬾ɶնɱϵޱĬϴҲƸһƣԸҶƣǽȴеôã
鿪ѿҶջͬһ͵ĲΧĿռ䣬ǴҲı飬ɢĴǿӾ
ܣҶԽսԽ£ŭ𣬴ƺ޼᲻ݣдڰ̻Ѥã׾ٵը
ƬţγУ
ɫһ䣬ԶܡȻѾҲŤתˡ
ҶƿŲƲĴҲ׼һ̤ӭϣľͨĻȦͬڿп裡
飡
ը죬·ŭӻ֮籡۳ɹ泤ӣƶţ֮ŰգƬյڻ䡣˷糱·ڣңиɻ

Ļ⣬ڻϻۣҶƵ趯ֿٵصζҶڸӿ·ʹľͣԾأֻֿԵ߸ɽӣأ˫ܹ춼
ǴҲܲסҶƵڣ¡һ


829 Ʒ
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ôֻؿⴸ͵һѪʮɣǾֵɫ
ǵʵ˵ֻһɣҲӲһ󣡵ǽգȴһѹơ
ԶԶȥҶƸ߾ٻڣâɣ̻գͬϹսַ·ʮ˲̤ʬǣһܻǧ
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Ƹâ˲Ϣţһŭȣ̧С濴㻹мʵһϣɱ
Ƹâչ£âķ罾գյĵطһۻࡢڰȫɢǻΪҽ
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һҫţŽ޷ԿϣҶƵϡǺڰһסҶƵ塣
ʱ˸оһ£Ȼٴ˳
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ҶҧأһɨĿͣ˶Էǰѳ֮ϡ
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ʵҲûʲôµģֻҪܹ㿪âɨ䣡ҶһȻҲЩɵⳤ
ղ˲ŵĹâûзӦղŲһ壬Լ嶼Ҫиˣ
ҶƵĸ֪ԶԶͨˣԲҲԶ졣ԼƸĽΧռ΢ϵ
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ٸ֣ڰһ·ڵƸжȥУ۳һӰ´µɭ켣˲
飡
һַƸĽɫײ÷顣ͬʱϵҲԽԽ࣬ԽôòһϸǱһ͵ַÿһַϢ
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Ϸô㣡ǻԲܣƸݺһҧŭĺͬʱԵĽҲȻ飬һӱ᧿Σ


830 
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Ƹһŭһ˻ţͬʱ˫Ҳ߬һ𣬾άŸǿĽ⣬һεƣ˸ܵеʮӴ
˻һۣھһ֣˵Ҷƿ̻㹻ǿļ£ջҪȥԵġ
󣡡
Ϊ׵ɫ࣬͵̽˫ֱۣӸ˵һͬʱǿڲϵڣӣ̲סһ
ҶҲüͷˡ˵ʵһɣԼʵûʲôɺµģҪǶĸˣʱ򣬾ӦѸ٣ƣ
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ˣоǱݺݳһƣ⡣ͬʱͷĿѣۻңƾһµĸо

ǵľ죬ڰճˮһ㴫ƴɫڣһ·޾赲
ͬƣ϶ԽԽ󣬴Ƭ⣬͸ۿҪը
Ҷ߶ɹâգ۹ҶƸһȭԺ˲ڻͨѾϰƵġ
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ͬëëϸһ¡ܽѹƵҶƣͻȻȫɽХƣֲٿ˻ʱʣ֮趯һӶֱۣ˷ֲٶȾж飡
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Ǵ˿̣ҶȫˣڽͬˮǳôͣƲɵ
˻ʱỻΪ֣Ҷȭһȭһȭͷϴը˹ͬάֵĴֱƵ÷顣

ҶƹһЦٴһȭӳ¶ֱҶֵζָоƺһ̧־ܰǳժ޾ѹ
ڰͰ㱻ȼһյĻ棬·ǧɱ¾ݺݵĻǴĺģ
꣡
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Ƹˣؿ˺Ѱľʹֱ·ʳһţһɾͻᱻʳ࣡


831 
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ǿҵʹѸٵϯƸȫ޷ʹĲɺѪһѪƮƮĴ䡣
ҶƵȻŹôõĻᣬƣʹˮÿһ̤ǰԽʮףһ̤£ƸΧĽɫͺ׵ıݡ
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㣬ҪǿȡϷƸŭ˫Ŀһŭ֮£ȫĴԪХڽâϡ
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Ҹ㣬룡Ƹþȫͬʱг׼ɾնɱȥ
븺翹ôûõģ֪ڸƽڵôҶƵЦԶԶһһֵսһ㣬ݺôƸͷ
ǣôƸ˫ĿĶҶƣͻȻϮԼϢʱ䣬ҲԪתٵĻָڵġ
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ΪʲôƸôȣΪɽ֮гʱֻһɵʵλѾǶˣϵʵǿ󣬾Բһ˿ƥеģҶȴ˵Ѿˣţ
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Ƹں˼ʱҶѾˣŲԷκεĻᣡ
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ϣƸᵽΣյζһ̲סҪС

Ҷ͵ؽеĹâһ˦ʱסǰĿռ䡣ǹѸ󣬺ܿа״СĪͻȻſһ˸ѿڣѿ棬ƺޱ޼ʵޣڶĿκζ
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ȥ
ʲôǡϵƸЩţ֮ж亹
ϵͷ˵ģҶƸ³ǳϹһȱϵ飬ѾˡΪֻǲȱϵûʲôǽһ˰ء
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ƸûʲôˣһǿĽҲܹƥеģٶȼ죬ҶҲӦ޷
һƸǰķ˵ǿɾĵòʧˣҶԸķһЩһͷޣҲԼȥðգ

ҶɫЩƣ룬ϾɲѰޣǶʵޣĴۿǼΪӴģƾҶƵʵ޷һ˵ܹǻۣͬʱҲ޵ģֻж̶̵һ죡
ˣҶҲޱȣҿԼûóȻ֣˵ĿɾԼˣûĳ˷ʤ
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޵צ͵ݽսڣսһӱһ롣ۿѾʧȥЧҶüëһû뵽Ȼַ赲ٵĹ
ʱΣϾּĽ˵žͷųʱѾˣҲ͵شս֮Ծϴһ˿֮ɫֱһҶȥ
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ǸղӰŵıסԪ񣬿һ¾Ҫˣ˵ˣϾǷڵıը
ΪʲôΪʲôУҶһʹ벻֮ɫᡣ
ѨǽɫСһ֮ȻֻѿһϸСĿӣ͸СܵޱȵϢ
ͨʶ֮ڵǳͷųģЩǳƺҶ׵ͻƣԴǿסҶƵĺ
ǹҲ
񵱳µĹʮǳԼͰһеƿأҶôȻ־ȻҪҪܵͷˣ
ȻʱһȥСѷڻϣȥ֮ǰΪͶ׷ˣ
ʲôҲţҲţҶ˫ȭ߬Ժ֮пתһЩͷٴν̽ռָ֮УѰŸܹɵҩ
ѰãҶƵ۾ͻȻһЦб飬꼶ı飡޷ΰʹ˵Ŀͻأ
Ҷ޼ɸһʬѳģһռƿӴĿռ䣬ռ֮ڣװĶǰ飡
˵棬Ҳ޼֮
һҶֱӼ˿ռƿһ˳ڿռƿ磬ӿǣֱ˽ڣɵĴС
֮ıҺӿƲ֮ƣ

Ҷ˲䣬Ŀƣı鶼ʼĽһɹɿֲ͸ëף֫ӿȥ
ǿĺǿԤУһһܹƿһܣ
Ҷٴγӯȼϣֻ֮˫У͸һ˿Ѫɫһ䵽ҵƴһĶͽ


836 ̩
尡ƴĳ尡һһҪƳҲţ赲ҵĽŲҵǰһɨһеϰʲôҪ飬׵飡
Ҷĵźţͷ¶ȻҲеҲϵľۼڵֻнһ𣬷ϣһƿǿĽ
˵ȫѾˣҶһ
ЩԶԶĲҪǿſԣ
ӿҶڵǿȶﵽ˿Ⱥĳ̶ȣȻĪ˵һɣǿǶû취ܵס
ڱĺ֮УҶšͻȻҶƵ·ЩܲסһıڵĽ䣬ҫĹͷ޷ѹʼѣ
ƤʹƬѿѾжദط¶ͷˣ˿ں
֮ǰƸʱ򣬶ûôǱҲֻؿڱһС˶ԺԲˡ
֮ǰͬǣܵ¡һȴֱ˵Ĵڲ忪ľȻǹͷѪƤ
ʹҵʹҶҧزΪھۼռ֮еıӿڡ
ͣ
ҶƵʼˣѪ⿪ʼڿֲȼգʹޱȣ޷ܣס
꣡
ʱһҶƾûһ֪Լļ׵ǿˡʱ˿ѾһԽռͷųǸʱԼôǿҲ˲ըİɡ
궼ܵѹ伹׵ǿʼϸСƣ̣
ΪҶƸоֱҪھ绹ûдﵽʱֻôһλᣬ˴ʧˣպѶȽӾˣ
䣡
ڴ˿Ѿȫ¡ĺˡһĶûݣÿһĶҲɼµƻҶѪоܵӰ졣
ٿ㣬ٿ㣬ѿھҪˣϣ֮ǰŬɾİ׷ˣ
ҶһķðſԪѵΣգʼպб飬Ծûеһƿĳ̶ȣ
ǽɫСָٶԶԶеҪ죬ܶ࣡
ˣûʱˣҶƵ뷨ѾЩʧȥˣ֪϶пһͷβķӣ
ʵҲˣҶĹУƴľٶΣʵǿѹͬ޵еķ棬ڹŹǰǻļŬ
ûκ˵ĳɹġҶƣλ֮Ҷƣ
Ŭס֮Ҷڿʼķƴ
ͼץʱһ͸ѹ֮ĽɫγУǺеͨ飬һζصı飡
Ȼ⻹û꣬Ҷ΢ԥ֮˲͸ּһζصı鱻ץ
α̺ʵ̫һһɱҶҲȷʵֱͷζıֱӽСصı壬һ˲ĻϢǿ޷ݣֻĳ£ʹɲǼθߵεļޣ
µʹ֮£ҶƵȫ֪ȥ֪ľˣڵĹѣʧȥ˹ͷͬһ̱˵ϡ
Ѱˣͷ֮ͻҶȻԶȴûֱӱĻָţǿάʶĴڡ
ȥǼֲ˶õģ
ҶԼҲȴûʱȥܡŴ˿̵Լᣬʶȫעڣʱǹ̫ǿһһ籩Űֲͬĵӣп
Ҷû˿ʹֻ࣬ȫ걻ѿ˸Ŀӣ̹ȻԣֻѿڽϵĽ
ҶƵͬǧٿ׵ķѣ޾͸ѿ˳Ҳʼٵʧ
͵һüУȥҵֻɣҲᱻװ˷ѡ޷նɫô죿
Ҷ͸һ˿Ȼûеһʱ䱻ֲıȻ˿̵ò˶٣ʮϢֲȥؽ
Ȼˣ֣磡˹
Ҷвĵĺôһ̣ĵ׵ĸе˿־壡ɾ磬ʮǳĹҶƾ粻Ҫپһǳõǿʵֱ쿪
ҶǷӣȻôˣԭΪĽʧܣˡֱһ룬ŷ֣Լ֮ǰ뷨ǶôɿЦ
ܵвҲвٴΣȴһΣ
ô죿ô죡Ҷ˫֮϶մȾ֮ͨɫڵ滹ûյϳͻţʱҪһк͡
ҶƿЦѣʱ򣬻ʲôܹԼк͵Ļײأ
꣡
ҶһͻȻ뵽䡣
Ŭ֮ͽ͵ķ֡飬ĸɾˡ
һɵ
һͷѸٳ֣漴ͱٵ
ʱѾƽˣóɵ£ֱΪɵȻǺöǷõʱҲҪֳϵģ
ʲô취ʲô취Ҷ˻ţôһ̣ƺЩڣԼΪʲôҪôŵĳأ绹ûȴǺԼ
Ҷ֪ûʲôİ취ǿɾˣȻֻԪ񻹿ԼȴһḶ́
ҶƵȲҲȫȣ
ô
Ҷһôһ˲䣬ƺ뵽˷ϾĹǲµģԣԼѡ񣬵Ǵش
ҪңҶþŭš
Ѿѵ׼ĵȴһĵ
ʱͻȻˣ
ҶֻԼĪľվ˺ģΧռڵı鱻ȫյһɶʣµֻǿյĿռ䣬һͨķ䡣
ҡ
Ҷ֣ſ˵ʲôǰһƾƮĹǹ˲䣬˫͵ĵ𣺡̫
ǰǵõ̫Ÿ֦辴ֹ򣬴˿һſŽ֮һԣ
ǰ̫ߴ󣬵վڶҶȴоԼһּСĸоǾԲƾ뷨Ԫ̽鵽Ϣ
̫ǿޱߣ


837 
̫ΧƮһɹɵĻ壬˿̫͸ţٶȺܿ죬Ҷƻܹо̫Ϣı仯
֮ǰ̫˿̫ģһ͸һ˿˿ζ
ֻʣ˰˸֦辣Ϊ֮ǰһѾ֪ʶҶԺ֮ˣԲȥ
̫֣ʲôã
䣡
ҶƵͷո̫ǿҵĻζ漴ĿУ̫޴͸Ľɫϼ⣬֮ǰ˸֦辣ٵĸֳһ֣
ǡ̫ģԣ׼ȷ˵Ӧ̫дĹ򣡡
ҶƲǰһʱ̫Ͽս˸˸̫ƾճ֣ÿһķֱɵеһ֦ϡ
˸ֱ֦Ӧ˸ģһʱ̫͸εϢɹ˸
涼һ£ǳĹâ̫ѹ£ԡ
ǰһж̫ͻȻˣҶĿɿڴȻһлûн
ҶƲʱ̫֦ϵİ˸ͬʱһâռڿٵŰšһ֮ҲǿٵĳҶƵü͸ȥٶ֮޷ܡ

һʱҶֵֻĶͷ­ţҪͷ­Ǳʹķ𡣱һεʹ࣬Ҫǿ౶Ҷƺް취ֻܿš硱ݣ
һ̫֣ҶƱһ֪ʶȴõģΪڵܹġ
ڣԼΣ֮ʣҪ˲䣬̫Ȼٴγֻ֣ǲ֪һֵ̫Ŀģʲô
ڵ޼ɸռڣ֮ϵԼüֵ̫ҶĲ֪οƣ
һΣֵģΣʱ̣һö̫ġ
һ֣ܴʲôأ
ʵУҶԭƽеõ˵ϣͷҽУ˸Ѿʧˣֻѵĸо
磡
ȵʹȫ궼ҪʹһֱڳţҶڵϲϵĹţ˫ȭʼʶĻӶµĵȥ
ÿһȭ涼һ޴ӣ޾Ĺܲɢţ¡¡ľһֱ쳹أƬСǧ䶼ڲϵĻζš
ֻĶռѣ涫ģҲ̡
µһĻһʱҶƲŻƽ
˿Ҷ˫Ŀգðһ㶹ĺ飬üĴһӡ˸š
ӡһýɫֻǸ˸оǳĹŹ֣һʱͬһʱľӿ磬漴͸ľ֮ӡһֱ䣬Ϣȴʱ̸ıšаĹѾüġ
ڡͦȥˡ
úҶƳ˿ȴǺ⣬෴͸һĪ˷ܡ
֮ǰ飬ҶƻһĲš
İ˸̫ģȻȫԼˣҲ˵ϽľѾȫӡԺǴĴ񰡣
ҶΪȻ޷УȴջĶࡣֻҪʵȲһܹʶõġ
ҶƲʮ˷ܡĻԵ̫֮ףЩֲ
ڵŽɽؤ˵޷ᶯɽȴž˶۵ջ
ģҶͷӿһ󵨵뷨
̫Ѿȫס˵ܹγɱЧҶƽһ˫֮͸ŵĶ
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۾һϲˣĶˣҺɡ
ܸоԼյľŸ̫ƺ˻Ӧǰ㿹Ŀ
ˣ
ŵٵغɵعģ״Ҷƿ·ɳ⡣
ʱؼ¡һƺǳܲסƬŸĵֱ𡣸дĽɫâھŸܣöĿۡ
ŴƵͬѹۡɢƴҶƲƵܷ迪ǿַд̫ϵľ򣬹䱾ӴĲˣ
ɲǼ䣬ҶƸоǿڿ񱩳Ծɿ£ȴҲ޷˿ƻҲ˿޷⡣
꣡
Χ˲ѿҶֻصƷŵķ֮ڡ˿̵ƷûյҶָֹͣȻڿٵʻš
䣡
ҶֻоԼҲй֮ʼڸŰԭƽȻ˿̫ĵӰ£кˣ
Ϣ֮Ҷǰһڵ޷£Ȼһֱ仯еѹںţһµ
Ϣ˿£͸ϣԼʵĹâ뵲ڣҶƹЦΪãһֱȴĻᣬѾǰˣ
漴ͺһǹٴαһ޸һڷ·һƬرˡ
ѨĽˣ޸һնգһɺ̺ڽ籼ӿĺǳɵֱӱôһɲǣҶȫ͸
¡
ǹ޵֮ҶƱƻۿɼٶȻָţϲǣڻָԼ˿µٶš
š
ٶȷɿ졭
һʱ䣬̺ǿȵȵȸ棬Ȼһ
ڣҶ˫Ŀ΢գƽһȻŭѪ⾧ӨĽ͸ͬһյӿŵơ
ռ䲻϶ڴһ죬纣ľӿڣΪϴŴ˿̵ÿѪ⡣
һ̵Ҷƹ°ģͬ۷Ļ͸ĤݵѹۡӰԻÿһӰͬȴѹʱյΰ
صĿһĻϧû˿ؽ¡Щ˿Ҳؽ̻̲գ
ԭǳƺЩƵҡ˼£ջǿ˸ҫ۵ĽɫԡӴ֮Ҷھ˸ǳҲʹţʵﵽɣ
ǰ޹ˣߣ
ھ绹ﵽ£ѡǿͻƣҲֻޱŵҶƲŸɣ
ƽ붼밡
ֱĹϰֲҶƵǿͨͻƾɵѶҲɣ
Ĺĳͷ飡


838 Σ
ģһ㶼ûк³Ҷõģһ
ǿнףֿνޱȷĶעˣҶҲû뵽ΪԼ飬ǽȴɹˣ
ҶƻۣҲ˵ʲôâ˸
Ҷ񣬲Ĺ򣡵ǣӮ
ɽ˵Ĺ򣬾ȻҶƴˣ
˭Ҳ벻Ľʵ˵ˣǰѾ׼Ǿ飬ȻԪ͸Ͻҵһȫĵط
飬ûҶ˵ġĳҲ٣ҪϵıҲкܶࡣֻʣԪĻһǵɶˣ
Ʒڿٵʻţڿвϵƿ֮еˣġҶҲ޷ѹԼ֮е˷ܣ׳ɹ˷ܸĽҲϲͷӡ
Ҷƿ첽߳䣬վƷŵļװ֮ϵǸԶһȥؼĺȻ֮еѪڣӶХĳ嶯
ոս׳ɹҶƣȻ޷ֹڵĳ嶯˸ŵǳķⷢӴдҶƵȫ¡
ɣڴﵽˣ
ҶϢֻһɹĵϢںں²죡
ˬˬ
ҶǺ죬ͷŵľ޴ͻͷڶϢȻ֣ԭۼʱȴɼָϸϣ۶ɢ
һңȻҶƻͲɵǴȫ
ȻǸոձǳʮֲģȴûκΰ취˭ϵµĹ򣬽վһ۵С˸أ
ؿڵֺҶſھһХһХ峺ԶԶɢȥֺͬɽХ
ռ˲һ£ӽԶ˳ȥ˲ҶƲ䣬ͽϢ˳ƷһʱΧҲƬѿͬ֩
տʼҶƻڼɵԼ᲻һȺˣһЩˣ᲻Լ֣
˵ԼǣʱʵĲ𰡣
һ̣̣Ҳ̣
ɣ֮½ģ˭ܵ
𣡡
һصŭ¡¡ӿ޴𶯺ӴƷϿ޾ĺǿҵķԲǧɽȻҡ
ֱӵȥĿٴ
ڸһЩˣֱȫס
ǿƣ⾿λǰϢ
Ĳţ˲ܷƣ
һЩԶˣоԶߴԵ޷ܡҲԶĵһη֮飬˳޷԰Ρ
ýģܾ͸ˡǷĿռֱӴƬݣӿӿƲһЩʵֱѪ
ƷŲǧ⣬һƬ޴ɭڣһӰͻȻе޵֫ӵѪȵϢ˷Բʮ˵Ӧܹѵޣʵȴġ
Բʮޱȣûκη紵ݶ
ΪĽ£ѾʬɽѪ޲֫ڵϣƺһѪʢ磡ֲѪ޶ɢӰɢǿƣ˵顣
޲ɵ˭Ҳǰɱ
̧ͷЩȵ۾ô
ֻ޴ԴӴ̧գž޴飬С㣬ˣƺڳХԼ̺һǶϤƣ
Цҡҡͷм˵ĸ˽˽ף˷¡ĺХΩֱ˲֪ôƣɶѣҫʲô
С˵öԣܾЩԾֺϤĸоȴ˵ôϤһԴҡҡͷſȥ
˹˵ʲôһ޴ԴѵһͬʱҲķȥ
ˣûʲôʲôԾ˵֮вûмκθ飬ȴһɲɵζڡ
ðɣ˹˵ĵȷԣǴϣһ˿Ϥζǿ˼ڤȴ벻ʲôûȷ֮ǰҲ˵ֻ۾գգٴǱ˺ڰ֮С
ԿӴȻһֻ͵ޣ
ߣɶѣûʲôɵĵģ
мЦЦ׼Ѱȥɱ¾ȴͻȻסΪȻⳤХûмԽ߿ͬںһۣÿһ۶αһ߷塣
ͬʱߵĿռҲƬ飬ĿԶ֮⣬ܹһȻﳯ߷
ХȻӶ޶ϾԽԽɵɫһ䣬첽ǰ˼ķȥ
ɺܿ죬ɫԽԽ𾪣ΪⳤХһֱʮӣ಻ȺɽƵϣưƴ޶Ͼļ
ôܣ
𾪵ͷƤЩ飬һٵƾȻӴôɵΪԲܣ
˸˹Ҳ̧ͷ̺Щ𾪡
С㣬ڳߡ˿ٿڵͬʱӴͻȻվ¡һ˲һٵʮ׸ߴ
֪˫ȭս˫ԶȻ޽
ҵʶһܹҴȤͷѪϢɢ˾֡
ͬʱ˹ҲվӰӴ󣬾ȻҲһֻޡ
Ʒ֮ϵҶƣ㷢ȫԹ֮Ҳѵõ·һ֮ɵƻ˿ĵ⣬˿Ƽֻĵﶫڡ
ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãӦþǶǲԶ˰ɣҶƿٵĽͼͳһԱ֮ŷ֣ԼѾϵﶫˣֻҪƬɭ֡
ڵͼϣƬͼǱע˽ֹļǺŵġ
ҶûںЩֱӺ˹ȥԦƷŸӿٵĳ˽룬͵ķХϷӴ־Ȼߣ
ôɭ֣Ҷ̾һͬʱȻҲǺɣ·޴㷢һŤ壬ǿԿֱ졣
ըԵǱҶڣÿϸƤڡЩһɽӵ
ǣˣҶһȫ¶·˶־
ǣïܵɭ֮з·ʲôΣաҶƲ֪ǣڵ´ڵһһ˫۾ڶƷ´š
ߣ
һߣƬڿһХҶïʢˢˢ죬˴Ƭ
ôһɲǣҶƸоԼƺǱʲôΣյĶһ㣡


839 ɱ
̹ǵĸоֱͷƷżװ֮ϵҶƻһˤڵأָоƺ˶˱һ㣡
ǿֻԼľǿôһ˿Ӱ쵽ҶƵģǹͬʵһɱ
ڿеҶȫƤо˼µıҲѸٵĵжϣɱˣʵԲԼ֮£ʤ֮ϾԷľҪԼߣʵҡ
Լ˵ոսɣ۵սԲκɣǽе֮Ҳһս
ɽѧϵаħұ۸Хټƿص̫ףڷ治κˣնеĴڣ治κһˣĴɻʣⷽռƣ
ǸҶƵǿľ幦ϴ裬ںΪ𣬿˵ûнɼʱ൱һˣ
Ȼ֮󣬶֮СⷽҶȻǰȺ۵ģ֮󣬶öᡣ
ӵôƵҶƣڸղһ̾ȻҲһ˿ΣգǹɱȻֱӸǹԼаħұаħһǸǹԶԶ
ʬɽѪ֮зܶãܹӵеƣƵˣҶӵɱ֮ģôһ֮ҲฺܵӰ죡
壬ŭɱаȵȣҶƵͷ̲סҪŭ𡣲ɱ֮ķųɫԣҲǰЩˣ
ͣ
Ҷ˲Ʒţͣ˿Сò˵ҶƶƿѾ˼㣬ƷŸսӵҶƵָ˲ڿͣͣǿҵɢţبŵĲɣ⸲˵ͷ˸С
Ҷ˵𾪣׻Ľ֪ԷǿֻҪԷԼԼҪ¸ҵվԷһϸ¡
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˭Ҷ˫ȭ߬ڵĺսϸѾԾˣȻЩȲҪ֪Էݡ
ڵĿע֮£ҶƷ·֮УȻɲͬϢüëһˣ
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֪ΪʲôҶƵĵĿȻ˵òʲôסһʮģ
ֻޣϴźƬڵϣҲӡҶƲ²⣬ӦͷӴޡ
ȤˣҶ૵
żװϵǵȻӰпһ˿ȻղȥɱжôǿһɣֻҪ汻У¾ֱ״̬־ˡվھ޽ϵ˾ȻֻӰҡ£˵ʲô
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ҶѾȲҪأȻ࣬ȴŨŨѪϢƺǸΧĻйأ¶ѾһƬĶ֫бۣǶ޵ʬ壡
Ʒ͵ռָ֮УҶ͵ش֮Ծٶȷɿ죬һŴʯ
ಣ
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ҶֱڵϣӴʯ䣬ֱһʯɽ
ֱֳһԲʮ׵Ĵ󶴣Ҷվڴ󶴵ģ̧ͷϴһޱߵı飬Ĵ
һһΪأһһǵĵһ
߳ӣҶĴɨţƺҪѰ˵ӰѾر˵ĿΪ̫ǿˡ϶һҵսҪһԼԼ
ҶڰҶƻûпʱѾҶȫѸٴһ
ҶƵ˲䣬һֱԺ֮С˫֮͸ǿҵĲ֮ɫĻΪ𺳡ʱƣҲĲƼգ˼Ȼʡ
ôôп֮ǰô붼û뵽Ȼ
𵱳֣ѪսҲ𽥵һˮ
ѸٵĲ˲еˮǿżһЦݣˣ˹£֣ȳȥ
˸˹ȻҲϳҶƣ֧֧˵
С㣬ðɣ˶˶٣ǵȰ
ȴɣֱһߴϣ߻иıĹܡ
ûʲôõģֻǽѵһѣ˭ң֮µľɫɢһֵĺΣǴ֮еŮʮֵɬ
Ȼˣȴȫɬֱӿ첽֮߳С
˸˹εĶһ̵ֻۣ֮С
֣߳Ҷңңš
Ҷתͷһ˿ɻĿµˣӰΪ͹£ֻƾĿҲһλ޲ɷŮӡ
㣿Ҷע˫֮µ˫ƺ͸ǿȶȣ¶ȸߵľ̫Ҫڻ
֮£Ҷƿκα顣ܾãԷڽĴԼƺѾʶһ
ûңȻҲɱ֮ģüëЩõЦ
ʵĵֿ˻ҶƵ̬۵ףҶԴҲ벻Լǵ˰ɣڵԼѾȫǵԼˡʣʵԸ񣬶вͬ
֮Դ߳ҶƣΪҶƽһ֣ҲǱĽѵһ١
Ҷ۾ܴǰŮϸܵһ˿˿ϤϢԴҲ˾˭
ԼûийɣΪʲôϤĸо
ѵҸоˣҶüһζԼĸоɻ
ǻôһɣֻԼȫҵĶ֣ҶĲ֮޵Ĵڣ
֮أ֮µ΢΢ЦЦش
ͬʱҲĵװôȥˣ㻹Ըû䰡


840 ԭʼײ
ҶһȻԷͷûг֣Ǿ˵ǰҪԼһһҶƵǲʲôΪоԵʵ¶ԷһϣҲ£
ڶҶƣͲʲôк£͵ǰ֮ǰһսɣ
ΪԽƬ֣ǰǶˣ
ְɣҶƵŮӵ
⻰һڣҶԼҲסˣԼΪʲôԼĶô⻹ƽʱ˵һԼ
ָо֪ô˵Ǵĵ׵ϤǲٵģѵԼǰŮӣй
˼˺þãҶƶûʲôˡֻգ˫Ůӣȫ簵ӿۡ
΢ЦŶҶƵ˫ĿôеǰȻô
ȻöҶƻĲŵŨɱ۾ȥ˭벻ôһӡ˵ĸоһͷľվǰǹɰѹʮѡ
ģҶҧҧаʲôʱôѶˣ
֮µ΢΢һЦҲ˵ʲôӰһͳҶ͵ٶȷɿ죬˵ûжֻƾű˫ȵĵֱӿԽ׵ľ룡
ˣ
Ҷͫ˲һ־һȭȥ
ԹΪأ
Ӱ䣬ԭҶƵжʮ׼ȷһȭصĹ켣֮ϡȴûô򵥣ŮӰڿһһԳĶ
ڹʹȻ֮£Ȼ͵ڿиı˶ٶľһֻڿչĺֱ࣬ӶҶƵȭͷֻ˦ĶһֱӿҶƵĸ첲ϡ
ţ
Ҷüëһ壬û뵽ԷȻֱӸԼⲫ˸ǿϢ첲͵һŤȥŮײȥ
Ů˫ַԼ֧һȻֱӴҶͷԾ˹ȥͬʱѸתҶƻûзӦʱѸײڶ֮͵һҶƺϡ
ͬˮһ㣬֪ѵ˶೤ʱ䣬ٶȸַ
磡
ҶεǿŮһ⣬Ҳֻ΢΢һ¶ѡŮӣҶȥ
ȻǿŮ̾
ŮӣҶǽߵѪϢɵ΢΢ü
֣Զû֮еô򵥡
Ҷ˼磬Ůӵȫİġ˵ĸоôϤƺԼʶҶЩɻ֮£һأ
ֻҪһоˮʯˣҶĵװοԼͬʱһת͵һ߹ȥ

ٶȺܿ죬˺˿ռڵĿγӡ
ŮҲûжܣȭӭҶƵһȭӳϸ۵ֱ۷·𲻿һһͶϣ̺һɽܺķ飡
˼Ĭûѡķʽսⲫ
ǸҶⲫһǵѡ
Ҷ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ģֵⲫȫ¶Է
Ǵ֮ĶԿ
磡
һҵţƤ޹ıݺһ£ӴĴ˻ѡ
ۿɼ˶ײ򴫳ͬʱɫͬʱһ䣬ǹɷ˶ЩԲ
ҶƸоԼĽŵ׷飬̲סĺŮӣֱ۶ƺʧȥ֪ϵ˳
Ӵ˾ܿŮӵȻǿǱҶƻһЩģ
ˣҶƿ˼ڤ룬Լ幦ֻŮȴŲԼٵʵؿ϶ҲǷ澭һĶ
Ҷ뵽Ůÿ춼Ҫɱ¾Ļ֮£ոһգ긴һ꣬ڵֲôŨصѪϢǼֱǲĵ
´ˣŮ΢΢һЦ˫͵ؿһʮָཻͬʱ˵Ϣ
¡¡
ӴŮӣ˫ſȻиֳһֻɫ޴󣬵ȴŮʵʵĲٿС
䣡
Ůһ߳еĹֱӱӡ
һֻ޵ͷ­׶ޱȣͷŭšϵ·Լзļô
𣡡
ŭţƺҪŮӵƿءŮ̩ɽ޷ȥ
ҵǲҲͬǿأŮ˫ҶƵλã͵ؽеͷ­˳ȥٶȷɿ죬ͷ­ֱӻһɫ⣬Ӷ
ҶһŮӲǿôտһټȫˣ
ǣ𾪽ֻ𾪣ԶԶûдﵽҶƿ־ĳ̶ȡе£ֻ˷ܣٴս֮ʱ˷ܣϲ˷ܣ
ɣ
Ҷŭһһָָ֮Ϸͷ­
飡
ҶƸָֻ֮вûκĲȴʵʵһǿǿϢԶͷ­ڿзţֱޡ
꣡
ͷ­ռҲޱ޼ʵ֮У¡𣬾ĩһ㡣
ŮüУ
˵ţȭ͵ػӳǰֱӴӿ֮һͷŭľޣӴſѪڣҶһҧȥ
кХޱȴ̶£ҶƲûкˣǿٳǰ˼˫ǰٵĽ˼ӡǸżΣ
̣
ռ֮ѸðһϢڵռõҲ˿磬Х硣
ǽֱӰͷڿΧǴײ˸޷ȥ˼ʲô
˭Ӵ˭Ӯң
żνУŮӲģ˫ӡޱøӿ겻һһεȥΧǽڣǺ⣬ʧˡ
ҶǴһ˿ŵЦݣǵɵʱżξܽסһʱ䡣ԼʵʵԸޣȻǲڻ¡
޵춯أǰżθͬβƵǽڣͷ׺ľĹ档
ŮҧأٶӡһɹɾϴڣƺҪ߷ȫʵżζԿ
һһε˻ŰżΣÿһζʧܸա
һεײȥһȻҲʧˡʮε찧һ֧飬ǿյĵɢ
ҶƲĶҲǿٵĽżջء
ˣҶŮӵޱȵ⡣
ǿδأŮһ˦ͷ˵߿ףɸ˵ĸоޱߡ


841 ɵ
δأҶƼΪԾüһһٵ㲻ҵĶ֡ƴ·硣˵ˣѵɣ
棬ɣЦŮ֮ԱǵΪʲôϷ𣿻СӹҼңˣսûеԪɢһ̣Ҿû䣬ô
䣬ŮӾױȵٶȳԭλãһӰʱţҲǻɢ
ŮӵӰֱӷ·˿ռ֮У˿Ӱ󣬵ǴϷʵԵɱ˵һоԲǻ
ҶܵɱӰ죬䣬ֽűҧأ̧ͷŭŮӣһŭ֣ԽԽ׻˵˻ֻԷƣҶȻ޷ˣ
ȭ
һһµĳȥǵŵĲƣڿĴɢ
Ůһ˫ĿҶƣ·ҪȫɷԨ
ɱأ˸޷ֱӣ˵ҶҲͬɱ֮ģǶɱĽԶԶŮӵģ
úã
ͻȻ䣬Ҷһŭ𵴵ĴɢǷΣʯײ֮ӶһĽֱ˵ն棡ɵľ޴ѿڣҶͷ
䣡
һͻȻҶͷըռѿһһźɫӰӡʱһһȥǺɫӰӷ·ȴ˺ܾһ㣬ڵȵһᣬ׵һȻ£
ŮӰ͵ش֮Ծ߸˿̸ı顣ǹӴɱԴԴϵĴҲҶҵķλ
ŭһҶͷȥֻŮУ̤գ˵š˿µɱʵʣ˻ѡٶȼ죬ֱӳҶײ
һʯ
ҶкȻɱбŮУҶƵǿҲһֵܹס
ԣֻһѰĳ·
ԪأۣҶƵǰ裬һ޴֣Ҷǰһܲ͸ػεĻҶǰ
䣡
Ůӵ˫ţصĲ̤޴֮ϣžһ𵴡
ײ÷ݣǽƿʯʻŭţӿʯɽвһ¡
Ȼ󲿷סˣȻٲŨɱֱӳҶؿڡ
Ҷܵɫһ䣬ɳȥףײôӣǶһؾ޴ɣôϵ¾ҵҡɳɳ죬ľмѩһ䣬ҶҲƮƮ
ҶƲĵվ˫͵һɣȵ
ǣըԵûаͳȥԶŮӾһ࣬ƮƮһĳռ䶼ھҲ
ȻֻƮƮһƣ̺ŵǾ춯صģҶûκηӦֱӱٴķɣ
飡
һʮҶڵϻʮɣǿͣȫջһʹһڣǻ˺ѰʹŨζǻƤѾĥƤѪ⻹ǿ³һɣ֮ͱˡ
£ѹܹӵŨɱȫǴʬɽѪ֮һһ߳İҶûʤİգҶǿؿڷѪ·һţޱȡ
ͨľأ;ҪôִУҪô·ӣûͷӬɥ֮Ȯ
ԽľҶƵս⣬Խڣ
ơѪҺҶڵ׼ŭҶƾһͷ˯ʨһ̣˲侪ѣ
ب棬ݺԶû֣
ս
޾ս⣬ȥսȥսȥս
ԶĽ£
ӵҶƻȥѪŭս⣬ûΪϵ˺һ˿һļͬϹ͵ĻѣԽܣ
ǹͷ·Ҫأһѻոɾ
Ѿˣ
ҶХ硢羪ף֣Χľٻɣᴩ

Ҷһŭͬʱ͵ðһŽɫĹâӦҶеս⣬ǽɫâͻȻΪŭ˫ۣռ÷飬ǳҲҡҡ׹
λۡŮһ̲סľڼ֮УûҵۡϢ
ҶһСɫ棬죬Ѫһɢǧڻ֮ŭ𺿽УҶƲϱڣγһſֲŨƣ
Ũ֮ҶưȻջȫϰθٰθߣ
·һͷľеͻʱᱩŭɾ֮
ôһ˲䣬Ů·©˰ģҲ˲١
ȻֶΣЦˣŮӵ
ŰɣһŭҵģҶԶŮӣָһöɫɢŭζĵҩ
Ѫ񵤣
һöѪ񵤣
Ǵӿռָ֮һöҩȥܹ֮ݵǿԼȻҲǲСʹ֮һʱڡ
ҶͳѪ񵤣Ůһ񣬼æе㣬ʲô
ҶҧأûŮӡԼʵ붫̫ʵǲҽ˻ʱʻնиĴʵ̫ܲ
ŮʵʵǸĪ⣬Լ߲˵ֶιޱȡԼʹ÷Ѫ񵤵Ļûаսʤ
һͷҶûκԥֱӰѷѪӽСһöڣʱƵŭ⣬ɱ
ҶƿоԼڵˮǴߣ͡
й·Ǽˮһʱ֮ͻȻը
ɲǷҶƵĽŵñըãҶƵȽǿûɲҾ磡
ˣҲǾһͷ亹
ҶͷŭһƺйŻŭ𣬽ȥˡ
໣
䣡
Ϊģزҡ˶ĢƣȽȽ
ɸߵĢƣ͵գӿ쫷粻ϺХͬһСʯ飬ֽͬƬһ׵Ĵɳȥ
ҶĽɫӰ·˲࣬ξ޴צ棬𾪣
˷Ѫ֮ҶƵɣ
Ȼֻһʱ䣡
Ҷлһ£˸磬׷˻ş̌ͷԶŮӣһһٵɣҪ棬׻㣡ģѹķ飡


842 ʵ
˸˹һۣԶԷе֮ɫ
˹ȿڵ磬СôûѪ񵤶ˣ¾һѪս˰ɣ˵ҪҪȥֹһ£
˳ĬһᣬǳֹСԸֲǲ֪һŭǸûкùӳԣ
˹˵ľ棬ҲĬĬı̧ͣͷ˫ۣעԶ˵Ķݡ
Ҳ̾˿ӴصĴǰʯĹ
ܿӿ·ʳڿ֮Сʵʣĺ
ŮӼ״Ҳûȫ޾ɱ·ϹսɱϢõ涼䣬ǵһˣȻȷһ˿˿Ŀ־֮⡣ŮӺܿͽѹȥըĲŭ˲䱬ը
һīĺڰ·ĺˮϵĽҪۣΧһжɽȥ
ɣ
Ҷ͵ؽеĻȥ֮ϣŭħ񺿣ħɭɭͬ嫴󺣣ޱ޼ʣ
ҶԶⱬ·ǿϾҲǻȻǿ
Χʶ¸¾Ŀ޴ײƣ춯صĺƬƬ·֩һײ÷飬ѿ˵Ѻۡͬˮкһ㣬ڿѿ
Ҷһһǰȥÿһ̤ڵϣ÷ԲеȻһ
𣡡
ҶƲסͷǰŭ
ȫĻܣâֽ
ǽɫȫ³ķ͸¶ϡ̫šսʤζ
䣡
һ˲䣬ҶƿԶ͵س֣һצѹӴĽɫâϻڰջӳһ⻪ŭŮڵķλ
ŮһҶƵĻҲоЩΪæ˫һӣǰռͻȻѿгһֻӴޣֱӵǰ
飡
ը죬ס
޵İֱըѪݴѡѪˮͬٲӿݽȥѪɫӣۿﵯ޴ƫԭйŵ棬ȥ
ֻʱֵҶƹġʵⲢڴͨһޣӶΪԼս
Ȼһ̳Ӵˤڵϣѹ鲻֪
ս죡
Ҷŭһ֮ϣۻ롣һӣ޺ɨȥ
ƺƵĻ棬·йһ㣬޵Ƥ⣬ŭ򣬷Ƴζ۵޲ҽڵϲͣ
Ҷƴ˿ڵƽʱɣ·ǻɽѻǧ꣬һ緢أ
ҪѪ񵤵Чûʧ֮ǰҶҧأаԸԼһĿꡣܳʱĻԼⵤҩ֮ĸþͻֳǸʱΣ֮С
պÿÿ룬ֻſսʤ
ԼޱɱŮҲѵõĳĬһ£ҶƵƲˣͲκδϢĻᣬٿצһεĳ
ˢ
צ׾ٵĻգ̺ŵΣռֱԸӣֱӿԽ˲ռľ룬Ůǰ
Ůɫһ䣬ӰٷתڿֱԾȥףҲǿӹצĸǷΧ
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ֱһģγһȻľ޶֣ޱ޼ʵĿ־ͷ
Ů̧ͷ׼˵ЩʲôֻҶ˫Ѫ죬ƺǲݵģԶɫӰԼΪ𺳵ѹ
Ҷһ֣ԶĶƺŴٱʴʼûйɵĲޱߵγɣ֮ϵһӣ˻෭졣

Ůŭ߳һֻܼܡӰȽҶһʱҲû취
滬
ҶŭգʹûܿסŮӵΡ˲þ޴󣬿ٵĴŴҲ֪˵ʲôá
ҾͲţһץסˣҶ˦˦֣һԶŮӵץȥ
ˢˢˢ
צٶȷɿ죡
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γɴƬȻ棬һ鶼ҡɫצֻҪһӣܽ泹ҳ촷ۣƮ
Ů־ŭι֮һɫצ˺󱳣ڿ͵һˤڵء
飡
ŮصĿ˼ѵֽ̧ժһ˫ű֮⣬ע֮ϵҶƣþȫҶƣɴɱˣ
߱ժ֮ԭĹҲȡˡָ˵ҶϤǸҶƶУ޲
Ѫɫ˫ĻָԭɫҶдޱȵ֮⣬ĶŮӵס
ҡΣ֮ҶƲŲŵ
ݺݵ˦˦ͷӰҲȻȻɢҶһ۾ľ޴ȷԼûп
ûûп
ţֺݺݵһԼĸ첲ۣûΣ
㡭Ҷ˿ĭ¶΢Ĳš֪Ϊ˷Ѫ񵤵ԭ򣬻Ϊ̫ڼ
ûŮ
Ҷһʱоͷ֮һ䣬ԭԼôõģ

ҶƲ֪ô˵Ǹ۸ֻ֮һǿСŮǰŨɱŮһ
ôҶƶ޷Ѽ֮еǰŮϵһ
ǰŮգȷԼ֮еôȥˣһɬ˼ֳ죬ü֮䣬һɱһ
㡭˼ǧʵڲ֪Ӻ˵Ҷ뿪˵ЩʲôֻҪһſڣֲ֪˵
иһ˿ˮ֮ǰɱ˶ޣĶô㣬ϾҲֻһŮӶѣ
͵һ˵ҶƻУſ˫ֱӻסҶƵĲӡͬߵһ£δ졣
ôꡭأô꣬㶼ȥˣôңʲôû£ˡϵĳţ˫ֽסҶƵĲӣƺҪԼ˶Ҷڡ
Ҷβѣ˫ͣڿв֪ǺáӵǱϾôûֱô᲻ԵЩͻأ
ĳ֮ҶҲ̲סˣ˿ֻһҪذŮ˶ѣԼԥʲôأǣҶ˫ֱ§סԴԼؿڣвϰοˣûˣˡ


843 
ҶƽӲֱ۴˿Ҳָ糣ĸĺ󱳣һһţƺСİο
֪ôʲôֲʱ򡣸ſԼУȪӿҶƵ̾ȴֲ֪˵ʲô죬ʲô˵
ƺѹ˺þúþãһҵй˳޵ʮֵıˣҲʮʹ졣ˮͬߵӣӨ͸䵽ҶƺϣС̣ʪҶƵ
飬ҶԺ֮вϻصԼһʱΡǸʱԼֻǾŮܿѣ̲סҪȥǻ
һˣҲӲһѪˣǣ˳֡
Ҳǽһ֮⣬ҶƾŮ֮ߣ͸Ӵ˽һ
˵ʱŲµ뷨ôҶ֮󣬶벻κν
һε֮ʥİ
ʱ˾ô׽Ūˣ޿κΡ
һжΪĻԵҶĬĬ޷֤ʵֻпЦ
ȻŨɱ⣬ҶԾɿᵽһ˿Ů㡣
ǹŨɱҶƱܵĸе˵Ҳɱ֮ģɱԱʲôӰ죬ǳ»ЩԳܵġҶԴϴ֮ѾܾûнйɱˡԶѪУűܵķӦ
֮֮ɻ糱ˮһû
Լ뿪Щ꣬ʲô飿޳ǣôǶǸһ֮ڣ޳ǿ֮ң
񣬳ԭʲô
ʵֻǵɶѣԼҶƲŲĵֻѨİȫǽһҶһֵĸо
ôܣʵȻֱӴﵽɣٶȱԼҪǿôһߣ
Ҫ֪ԼǾģһɵ֮ʱ䣬ûöʱ䡣ʮѣ·ɽ磬ҲǷëǵĴˣ
£ٶҪԼô࣡ѵ֮ʥĵǿ֮
ԼͬʣҪǿ
ʻԺ֮УҶƱǿײСһЩŨǴϴġֱӰ˼Զ˻
ǿסƿĳ嶯ҶһúõһԼǿ򶨣Ķߵ뿪Щʲô飿Ը𣿡
̧ͷĨĨϵˮΪЦ˿̵Ҳû֮ǰǿƵģƺǸԼʶ
˵һ˿ɥѸٵһţҸЦ
ɺãɾˮģôˡûһͷ˲١
ãҶƽջأתĸ裬ǣһԵľʯ֮ϡ
ˣ˹ҳɣҶһûһԵԵ
ֻѨ˶Դ̽˳ֻ˸ŹâС۾գѽգģž޹֮⡣
ǵ°СҪôģҲû취ҡҡԴһģ
Ҷƺ޵Σ֪Ըġ
˹Ҳŵ˵ͷ
Ҷâһ׳ΪɣǲǾ;иҶԿʵˣ˵ҪҪһԣ
˸˹ɫ䣬æͷҡǲ˹ġղҶƵǿƣǿǹѪѹʵ˲٣ɪɪ
£ȻɵҶȥս
ʵϣûѪѹƣƾҶʤʵʰֻûʲôģ
ˢ
һ죬˸˹ΣӴ֮˳˱ɫۼ׸ǣϴһɲãϢʶȥ̽飬ҲǾȻ֮
ֻкһֵޣлε츳ֻѨһθҶƼʱ򣬾ѾԻͣɼ츳Ŀ£ô֮꣬ܵʥĵӰ죬ȻٶҲ˻һɿ죡
̶꣬ǾѾɣһ·ûκ谭ֱﵽľ硣
ѨѪǵ΢źٺһֵԶѪ΢ûӴڵȥ
ҵѨǿѪƣǿҲǵϼɶѡһΣǸߣ֮ʥĵֱͻ˰ʷĽ˵Ѩ޷ͻƵľ棡
˵ѾǵѨһǿĴˣ
Ҷѵһ溬ҸЦݣһС
ڣʶһ±ӣЩһƸ磬ˣʵôıң治֪˶ٴˣ
һƸ硱еҶƹͷЩ飬ӣҶƺٴλص˵ǸԼŵСѾͷƤɰۡ
ȻˣҶȻҲü˵ʲôʵûŹֻǸһѡ
ҶƵһۣεܵһԡ
ҶջĿ⣬ϣЦݺƺܹڻһУҫ۵Ľ
˵ɣѷ鶼Ҷ˫ֱԴ˾ʯ֮ϡƺһ˵ǸԼɱ¾ԼģЩǧ֮ᡣھؾۣҲǷһеļ˵ĸо
ҲҶԣƣһ˲һĿĸо
ƺЩ
ҶЩܵ׼˵ʱͻȻһ
Ҷһæ𣬷Ѿ档ƺ˼ί޵滨ꡣ
ô£ҶЩʵ
ҧ촽ȴ޷ֹˮĻ䡣
ΪʲôΪʲôƫƫңΪʲôƫƫ֮ʥģ˫ֱԴƺǲԸʲô¡
ôˣôˣѵ۸ˣҶƼæ׷ʵ
ףĸףأɱˣҲ޷ԼıˣǰװļǿҶ֮Ҳǳ׵ķ黯ΪޡҶƣѾȫ顣
˵ĸôˣҶͫһܵľ²ô򵥡
޳ǣǳ޸ĸչˣҶƲһˣȻǳķŭ


844 ε
ûãǼ˼λصĿˣɱ飬ûκεɣһҼңֱӴɱ䣡˸Ĺâ壬ס
ǷģݺݵĴҶƵƺٴο˵Ǹ޿ĿŮ
ԣ
Ҷȭͷݺ߬˫ѾѪ죬һһٵ˵
ûж˵ʲôҼɱ˸⡣ǵĿңΪ֮ʥģҵĸĸΪ˱ңɱ˵΢΢˵Ҳһβ׵Ŀֲ䡣
ʲôҶ˿ûзԼѾŶݺݵĲˡ
ʱҼ͵ľ״磬ҲǵĶ֣̫ˣֱӰľ״ĥԪҲǧ겻ĵյ˵Ҫľ״һһʹ࣬ܳѣ˵Ҳ̲סķʹ޳
¡
һֱҶƵ
ƺʲôһ㡣
ľס磿ľס磡Ҷƺ૵߶֣ȭͷȴԽ߬Խôһ˲·Ϊ飬ֻҪͷһǧλ渲
ŭŭգ
ļǵãոշɽʱڷڣҶƵһľסļνҲΪ˺ѡţԵս˽ʶ꣡Լǰҹľ״磬չһ
ǣĿУȴ֪һֱͬԼˣȻˣһǱĥԪ񻹱˵յ־ҵĥ
ʲôˣʲôôݶ

Ҷŭ˫ʺܹͬѪһ㣬˫ȭݺݵ߬ŭڵ֮ϡֻ¡һѿƬѷ죬Ĵӳȥ
ձҶƿ͵ĺ𺳵ˣռƬѣŭţ죡
տûκιһƺܿҶͷ߿֮ϣԭһ̻ޱȵգѾܲ
ֻҶһ֮ѣܹӰˣ
ҶƵŭÿһ۵һ̶֮󣬶Ҫܣ
һΣҶŭˣ

Ҷƾһֻ˵ŭʨ֮дһ˿Ъ˹Ǿŭ𣬾Ұޱϵ±һ
˺ѷΣεѣ
Ҷ˫ȭƺҪ߬ˮָؽڴҲΪȵһҰסǹԹıؿڡеŭеķŭһȫй˳
¡һӴҶϵӳȥƽˮͻȻȥһʯͷˮĴɢ
ʧʹţҶƵƺ첻κεӰ졣
˸˹ɫ䣬˫żæס˵棬Լɿ͵شɡǼˣ˵Ҳϵĳȥ»һ繵
ǿɫ䣬ôû뵽ҶʵȻ˿ֲ˹
˹Ҳɫȴǵͨ졣ά̬Ƕôѡ
һֱ˰ʱʱڣԲﲻκ޵ĴڣᵽϢԶԶܿԲҲûκĴڣǲǾʯ飬һƬյͻȻγɣޱȵ֮⡣
ϢƳ쳹ӴĴ֮У
Ҫ˵ĶĤ𴩣ҿû˴ڣʵһģҪֱ࣡
ڣ˶һԶɫɻĳͬһȥ
ǵ̸ʲôÿ϶Ųŵı飬һ𾪣졣Ƕһͬ㣬Ǿǣɼ֮ϵǿߣ
ڵǿ߾ԲҲֻǿ߲Ĳ֮춯
񹬵ڣƮӱ˫վڴǰңԶһĨԥ۵׸֣漴ֿٵɢ
ܹģ˵ɣ˭޷ֹԤ׼ȷİɣλ֮ӣĲһ̸˴Ԥⷽ棬Ծɲ㣡Ȼˣô˳ȻɣƮ̾һɫȻˣƺʲô¡
˶ЦǷϲ񣬶Ц˵ĳ衣ֻ˾ҿδأԶԶδذߵģκһ˶ԶΪʲôΪʲôҪȥԤЩЩͲӦ֪鰡ΪʲôʱŶ䣬ΪʲôƮɫЩʹ࣬š
ǣһǶԵģ

ʱ֮Ҷֹͣ˳ХɫѿǿҲܹԼˡ
˭Ҷ˻ʣȻ˻ƣ̺ŵĳޣɷ·޷һ㡣
ǡ˵񹬵ˣ·еı߶˳ȥ޹֮󣬸оҲ֮泩࣬еǳϡ
񹬣ҶһЦʮ˲лʹߣҼסˣ񹬣񹬣ٺ٣
ŵͻȻ֣ɱЩˣһƺݣ˽˻ȥ˵ʲôʵһ㡭
ˣ񹬹ƮôҶüͷһ壬ͻȻ
ƺоԼԼץʲôͷһʵĴ𰸾ǰϾҪ⿪ˡ
ûǹˣǧһ֮ʾңҲû⵽񹬵Ķ֣˲ᣬ𽥱
˶˵Ҫ𣬾ͿԼû㣡ͰҴ˶ҸԼиѵƽ񹬵ĳޣŨ޷⡣
ôҶҧ촽֪ΪʲôƮӻͻȻôģԳ־ѵֻΪ֮ʥĵԵЩ˵ͨɣ
֮Ϊʮǰ˵Ҫѵҵʵս˵ˣʮ꣬꣬һѰң˵Щʱ˫ĶҶƵӣЩֻôû뵽Ǹˡ㣡Ƹ磡
ҶҲһ㶣ôû뵽ƮӾȻͨʮǰԤԼط꣡
Ŀģʲôأ
˰죬ûд𰸡Ҷ̲סҡҡԴֺ˼붼˦Ժܶ񹬹ʲôľģҲãҲաһе⣬ܹ˵ˡ
񹬵֪֮ʥģǰᡣڼ޼ţľ״Ҳ⵽ۡǺƮȴͻȻ֣Ⱥɱ˸˶ǣľҲʵΪν֮죡
񹬵ԴʤƮҪĻɳٶҲûʲôֵþȵġ


845 
ĳɳٶ˵ܿ죬ֻҪһ뵽񹬵ԴҲȫȻˡ
ڶ̶̵ʱڣӵɿٽֱɣҶƲ֪˶ٿѣǿԿ϶ǣһƾԼǿ־Ӳͦġ
ЩڣһֱôҶ侲Ŀ£ɫҲ𽥵ƽͨԽʱеŭҲȼյĸʢ
ĵ˵ͷش⼸ʮڣһֱ֮ɱ¾ǿкܶ࣬ÿ춼սҲǲϵĥԼʵɡ㿴ңʵѾ߳ͬ˲ˣЩҲ϶ĳɹ
ʵĽĺܿ졣һ㣬Ҷƶû취ϣһɣҲĶ֣
֮ʥģ츳Ϊǿ̾Ϊֹ
Ϊ֮ʥģԻԴԴϵǰҲʡȥ˺ܶȥѰǵʱ䡣ƺҲסԼӦû֮ǰôˡ
һֱս״̬Уѵ͡Ҷƿʵ
ָָԶ˸˹ʵҲǲСʲôʱˣϢһᣬǸһ˵ôҲǣ
ԴЩ˼ĺЦС㣬⻰˵ġʵֵҲӦøлģǸôͻأǵѨѪ΢ǸҲûôһ죡
ǰС㡣ҪлǣӦǸлŶԣ˹Ҳڵ
һ˿ο֮ɫҲȥһЩ˸С
Ҷô˵͸һ˿š϶еѪζԼɨԶϵĶ֫б۵ʱͷǸһôƾԼʵﲻ϶ţɳš
Щ꣬ˣҶһ鶯ŭҲɢֱĦ۵ա
һ֮ǰǿӲ̬ȣȻΡ΢Щ˼ĵͷ֪˵Щʲô
Ҷû־ֻһͨĶѣȴзһһͬƽˮϺݺݶһʯӡ
ûʲô˸ˣᾡľңǾԲҳֱ뱨𣬾ֻƾԼʵԣҲŻôƴɳᣬȴ̺һ֮ҶƶУôĲġ
һ˵Ǳ˵Ĳ̡
ܹ˾ľ㣬ѾرĶˣԲΪóȻսģˣȻӴ࣬ҲܸоһϽˡһУƺг񣬲ûаյ顭Ҷ侲ķ
˵ͷ֪˵ϳӪңѾĶˣҲҪЩʲô£ҲûʲôʸȥҪֻƾԼȥ񹬣
ҶĻһ˿Цݡ̧ͷעǼ־ףĸһһٵˣ㣬ӣǣһˣ
һЩӦҶȴѾǿı۰§ڻУǵͳɳƶָдԵһˣΪڣ
һʱо֪˵ʲôáĸжԶԡ
ƴ硭ҡжѣ·ĵĲֱݺݴһ£ܵҪ˵ЩʲôȴҶƵĶֹ
Ҷƽָڴߣһʵı죬˫֮Ȼ¶ġ
ôҸһԣɱ˲ĸɱľ״硭Ҷԭ΢Ц˲ҧгݵҲŹǵģ
ɱ䣬Ǳ͸ǵˮͷ£˻ڣ·âڱ
Զ˸˹ԭ˫۲ϵߣͻȻҶƷŭҲ˫˫˸æͷŤ˹ȥװʲô֪ӡ
ģһһԵġһñҶնش
Եĵ˵ͷƺоӨ˸
󣬾һĬ
˭Ҳû˵ôŶԷһоڲС
ûҶƺûôӡĿ⣬øӵˣǳ̫âɣ
ôĿţƺЩˡ
֮ҶͻȻֽ֡
˵֮ǰѾңΪʲôҪҴһţѵѵôҶѾȫںԼѳѹĵףĸȤ
æ˰֣ǲǣҲ֪ô£ǸʱѾɱӰǡȻԼʶĴڣǱʶҪúýѵһҾͲĳˡ
ҶͻȻе࣬ȵԺˣǶԼģǰԼһɱ˲գ۵ħͷģ㶼Ѿɱ֮ģôôçײôԣ
ȲѣʵףƸ磬Ȼܹɱ֮ģ
ҶƵ˵ͷﾭ˶ɱ٣ûɱ֮ĵĻȫǲܵģƾɱͻң߻ħ
ЦƸ棬ҵȷɱ֮ģǲ֪ΪʲôżǻᱻɱӰǣһԭ𣿡
ҶüʵټӦòʲôɣɱ¾㹻࣬ȫҲֻʱϵˡ
˵ͷݸһЦƸ˵ʲôʲô
ҶվңܵĿյأͻȻԺ֮з·뵽ʲôһ㡣
ԼҪȥƮӽʱ֮ȥҪʱ֮ƿռݣصȥԼȴڹɾЩ鷳ˡ
δҶȻþȻһ뿪ɽ硣ûбİ취ǿ϶ܸԼһߵģôأ
һüͷƺڽʲôҪľ
ڣҧѡջռϷ硣
̧ͷҽҪȥһˣһɣ
ʲôƸȥǣҪȥʲôԵЩȡ
ҪȥҹһЩ飡ҶһѣʵƭҲʵûбİ취
ţã˵֮󣬾ͽڴֵҲʱضҹ˻㱨ȥˡԵЩȸԾԽҶƾԽоиС
ǿסָоҶƻֽռָڵƷż˳Ӵľֱأĳ֮ϡ


846 ҹɭ
ҶƶԶ˸˹֣Ÿʲôһɣ
˵ţҶһԾԾ֮ϡ˹ٶҲǼģҶƵĲԾƷ֮ϡ
ƻõĿŽµƷţЩšƷֺɢǿƵϢɣޱȣبųĽ
Ʒ֮ϣ˵ۣ׵Ŀķ˪£ԶԶǿԴġ
вǣƷűԵмطȱһЩΪȱЩ½ΪƷƷĻȻһǿļƷ
ʶ㣬ҲʶƷŵǿƣҲֲô𺳡
ûһżȻõģ㿴ΣҶΪԺЦЦʵ
ܹȱʧĲһأǹһɶõĹ屦ȴϧ˿ϧЩźҡҡͷˣȻƷŵǿƸסˣȥżװ壬ƺڲżװӲȡ
ಣ
Ʒŵٶȼ죬ڿҲ׾ٵĻƿ̲סľ̾
˸˹Ҳվڼװϣһصٶȶˣ
ǰǿ
ٶȱ̤շҪˣڷй֮лڷܵʡʱ䣬ҲǷĲˡҶĽܵķҲžƷˮ׼ܹҵЩȱĻֱӽΪƷûпܣ
ƷԼٶȳŶʻȥҶҲǳźɡ
ڶ񹬵ĳޣѾĵסû㹻ȥ񹬣ʱվĻԲͻֻ̣̣Ƕݵݷ
ȵʱ죬һǿߵ̬չһʹı
ʱ˵ʲô²СĴֻܾİѻ⳯ĵطȥ
ãһˣҶע˫ۣʵ
ʵ֪ĿϾƮӳͼıĻ᲻أҪ֪ӵ֮ʥ֮󣬿׾ٵһǿΪá񹬶ûгܵջڶ񹬵ĵϴ֮ʥġ
ѵ񹬾ͿԺ֮ʥĵЧ
ƺ⣬˼ûУֱӿڻشһѵõĺˣ־һ֮һֱȫȫңҵڴֵҲǳߡ
ҶףҲǲÿɷ
ƮӣĿǰĹϵѷǵУ֪Լӵնе飬ȴû˵ƣҲҶʮַѽ⡣
˵ʲôĿİɣ˼ұϾǶ񹬵ĹʵȨ죬ݲ׵ĺܣҲûʲôҪԼ
ôһ룬Ҷƾ;ӵ˷ˡƮӾܹͨԤԣԤԵ˶֮׵λãԤԵԼѰûʧ
ֱǿµԤԣ
Ҷк£˼˲ƮɡƺҲֻеɽǸӣԤܹʤƮһͷ˰ɣ
ԤԣԼǵ߸ɽλλ֮ӡ
ٿԽԤԣҶʱұ֤׼ȷж٣ǿĿǰƣԼĴɻ֮䣬Ҳⲻһսģ
ͻȻҶƻ޲ƺͻȻ뵽ʲô˫۵ɵþ޴˫΢΢Ĳš
ԣԡҶƵͷɫѿƺʲô

ǰңĪ£
ʵµϽɣﲻң
̶ˮ¸˵ĶԻͻȻҶԺ֮УŻһתת˸ո̫ʱ
ڣǾ޾֮Դݿ֮ƺɨһж֣ΪϽɡǳɾϽ֮ȴֹǰֻ˾ŵܾЦΪĳ֪ɱӴ䲻
ôԤԤԵԼһ٣޷ܡǣƴԼľ򴫳ȥ
֮Ӷʾôȷģ
˵ϲҲ㱻ϣ

˵ĻһҶ𺳲ѡ
ѵ̶ˮ֮ǰǴ˵еǸɢڣҶƺݺһĭЩš
Ƹ磬ôˣҶƵ״æеʵ
ҶƲûɴ״̬֮С
ô룬˵Ժ֮ţ֮ȥģҶҲʼܡ
ǰ˵ʹҴﵽϽɣҲﲻ˵ӡĶֿ϶ҲϽɣܹϽɳַӡǿߣҲֻϽ˰ɣҶԹԵķţе֮ɫǿԱ
Ͻֲ·ߵĴײˣǿϡٵָġôͬôָҵǰȻˣ
ҶƵó۵ʱҲһӿȡû뵽ݺɽƮ֮صڣ
ʱ䣬һҪȥٰݷһǰҶа
ιƸ磬ôˣԴһ˿ǵͬʱһ˫۵СҶǰ˻Ρ
ҶûзӦʶ߬סǰǰ۵С֣һۻ֬һ㡣
΢Щߣ֪ΪʲôҶ֮ǰǰ񣬴˿̵ĶҲЩֲ
ҶĶȫʶģûע⵽ϵı飬ȫԼĻ֮в԰Ρ
ҲµûһͷҪȥݷһǰûĻôʵҶƵ˵ͷ·¶ʲôۡ
ͻȻоƺʲôĶ󣬺󻬡͵شһ飬ŷ豻Լ߬ס
һʱЩ˼æɿ֣һЦҪԼΡ
ҶҲûб˼Ҳϸߣֻתͷȥװʲôûзӡ
Ƹ磬ղڳʲôأѯʵ
Ҷϴһ˿΢ЦҸղЩ飬СˣˣߵˣɭûУ
˵ţҶƴӼװϳȥû뵽ǣ·ԾããһƬͷ
Ҫ֪׸߿հ
Ƭֵж
Ҷ𺳵ķʵһƬ֣жǲ˼飡׸߿֮Ϸôã޷һߣ
ҲѵõɫׯҶƵ֣ҹɭ֣ʤԣֵʮ
˻
ҶƵһ𺳵˵ֻһƬɭֶѣȻͿȴǵĲ˼飡
ǽһ仰ҶƳ׾ˡ


847 Ȧ
ޣǱȦģܵ˵һͨ顣Ҷƶ֮Уȴ·ֱһҶͫ׾
ȦȦҶ˿ĭЩôҹɭ֣ʮƣȻȫǱȦģ
˭ȦҶƿ֮󣬾ͷԼ㶺ˡ
˶񹬵Щˣ˭ʱڶȦôһƬɭأ
ˣڣҶƵûôԾһж֮С
ͻȻҶƸо·ҹɭ֮УмǿĿµϢǵĴڣƺϢˡ
⡭ҹɭ֮еޣʲôʵģҶ˫Щһ˵ѹӣױȵǿƣ˸еԵ𺳣
˸˹Ѿڽɪɪ޵ļ𻮷ֵʮǿ֮ǰҲǾ޴ʵǿޣƾƾܹʵ޻᲻ս
ҹɭִ˰֮ãһƬ޵áǺշǿ󷨣ҹɭֶȦﾡ档ҹɭ֮УЩȦޣʵҲɣǿϽɵΪȻһЩĻشš
ɣǿϽɣ
δ𣡡
һˮյҶƵ亹˵֮
ҶƸоԼĺ˲亹鲼˫ֶЩܿƵķŶϢ̫Ҷûκ˼׼
⡭⡭
Ҷȫ֪˵ЩʲôϽΪ޶Ȧô˵ĻƮӵʵѾﵽ˺ֵز
һڽϽ֮ҲɽĹƽȣֻҪ㾳㹻һòݣҲܹɣҲ
ϽɼޣһǶҹɭôܹסҶһĭ𺳵˵
ѾϰΪ΢΢һЦûʲôŽƣûа취ģֻܲĵķųƣҧ˵ϻѡ
ƷڿʻţʱһһĹȥҶԾûпͷ
ƺЩǿ޵ǹѹҲȻС˹Ҳͷġ
ǿƣѪ֮ϵѹƣʵϵѹƣ²ѵ
˹ҧأߵΪǵѪ΢ôôӵдѪСߴһ㣬Ļǵʵ֮࣡
ܵܣǳ΢ҶƴܸǴСߣѾǸĶˣͱԹʲôˣ˺Ҷæ˹ߵ
ҶƵĶüëһתͷȻ˵Ļˡ
ǵѨѪûмǴӦǧ֮һԶѪͳɣҶޱĿˣҲ˵ʲô
˸˹һΪʲôҶƻôʡǻʵʵĵ˵ͷûˣǵѨѪͼ΢Ҹ֮ܵбȽǿˣҲǧ֮Ѫͳѣ
ҶջĿ⣬ֲϵ°ͣƺ˼ʲô°ģûк룬Ҷƿᡣ
˵ҸһѪĻᣬмɵİԺ·;֮мͻȥҶͻȻûûԵһ䣬·ĵĶϣ˵Ļȴ޲
ˣ㡭
˼Щ˵ҶƵѪǺģȫһ͵Զ
˿ҶѪŨȵİ취浽һ̣ЩĲ֪롣
˹Ƚϳȣӹ˻硣
ˣѪŨȵĻԤֻҪʮ֮һѪǵѨһͻᷢǿת䣬ٴα죡Ǹʱǵ츳ͲɣһֱСĻɣҲϣ˹ɫЩεļ˷ܣ˫۶Ҷƣ˫Ϊ̫ǽڶ̬Ĳ԰ס
Ǹı˵ʱֻҪǰպãôӴԺѨһʷҪд
β
ҶƵͷ·ڳ˼ʲô
˸˹˭Ҳ˵ҡĶҶƵı飬дſ֮ɫ
ҲЩҶƣ֪«ʲôҩ
ʮ֮һѪܹǳɣҶͻȻûͷûԵķһ䡣
˵ЩʲôǱ˹ȡ
ʲǰٷְ٣ģ
Ҷüͷ𣬿˸˹ȫ
ǺеϣҶƵһ֮ϣ룬ôֻĿſҪֵѼӷɵ
ǵȭͷ߬ýģˡҶƵһһܹıѨ˵ʱ̣
ׯϣʥ˸˹ܾȱһʲôʱѵҪŪ̳ȻҶƹ棬һȺѨȴҶƵô
ǿЩ˼ض˦ԴҶƵ촽ʷʫԵĽҪĿ
ǿҶüͷǵȴһ롣
ǵģʮ֮һѪӵаٷְٽɵı׼ֻ˵лʳʣµĻȫԼŬ
ҶҪĲһδ֪ĻʣǰٷְٵĿ϶
ҲҶƣ飬ҲԸ֡
ڣҶ̧ͷڵҲҪȷأ
˸˹־֮ɫҶƼȻô˵ˣǾʹⷽͶʲô
ȷһȷء
˸˹·ˣ˫һˤڵأҲ˫֮Ų֮ɫ
˹˵ЩʲôǱסˡҡҡͷܳ嶯
ҲЩʧ䣬ȫҶƵľ
ҲҪȷأһǱȷҿԸѪ֮ﵽɵŨȣҪģǶгɵ츳ûУ츳ǻʣҶͻȻڣƺ˼֮Ľ
⡭
˸˹һۣԶסˡ
ɽˮ·һ壡
ΪȫûϣǣʱȴҶƵĻסˡ
ɵѪŨȣ˵ʲô
ͳԶô֤
ѪڵԶֽ֮󣬷ܳĺҲֻӵɵѪŨȶѡҶƺȫƣǳ֪ĳʶ
ҶƵѪ֮Ѿܹƽˣ
ΪʹߣҶƻѪҺһһεĴġΪ̺̫ŨѾ˳ɫ
˵Զ飬Ҷȴԣ


848 Ѫ
ˣ˵ܽǵѪŨߵ֮ࣿ˼ȫѾβסԼˡ˫֮йâ˸Ǽɫ
˹ҲǼǰһ޲˫ִҶƵļϣǽĿס嶯
ȻҼȻô˵ǾʹаٷְٵİôҶɫƽ˹ˣݡ
£ҲˡȻ֪޵Ѫ֮жôѣ񹬹þ취Ҳ˲޵ѪѡҶƣΪ˽ˡԽǼ˽ȥԽǿ£
ҶƵһƣⷽȻ˸˹ѪҲǿ̸
ֻҪǵĻش𣡶ڳɣܻǲܣҶƽͻȻһ˶ȣüһѱһ㡣
˸˹͵شһӦæеܣˣȻܣ
ˣֻҪɵѪŨȣǵѨһһ¸ͷ棬øǿɣȻڻ£
Ҷĵ˵ͷ΢΢׵ãǿ϶Ĵ𸴣ҾͷˡڣǿԿʼˣ
ʼ
˸˹һۣԶԷеɻһܸıһ˵Ĵ飬ûм̳ʲôģҲڿʼɣ
Ʒ֮ϣ׸߿հ
˸˹˵ʽׯʥݵʵĴ
Ҳ¶ɫɵƸ磬ھͿʼЩװɣ׸߿֮ϣ㻹ҪȥٿƷţһмʲôӵĻ
ҲΪҶƵǣֵûʲôҪġ
ҶƹһЦûʲôҾӿٶȣһʱ㹻ˣ
һ㡭ʱ䣿
˸˹Ȼ඼Ѿ˲٣ԾɱҶ仰Ǻ
䣬ϽɣҲܴƱһʱڸıһ˰ɣ
Ǻ˼ţȻĳ
ҶƲͷǵ׻
˸˹γѣϽȻ
ãǰһҶָӵͬʱתͷȥȺˡ
˳ټļװֻ֮ҶƸѨֵܡ
ҶһƺԼԪƽȥ֮͵һָ
ɫ䣬ƺõָ֮ϣ
ѨֵܸĿ⣬䵽Ҷָ֮ϡĿνɫѪҶָڱƳ
Ѫһ֣ռƺˡ˵Ʒɸ߿֮ϣΪķƣԿ粻ᴵ
ռ侭Ѫã˲͵Ѫ棬̺ŴŨѪ֮һִƺһΣܹأɽ
꣡
ӴϢѪ֮Űߵ˸˹ɫԶ䣬ŵѪ֮ô˴
Ҳҧ촽еĹʱЩء
ǲ֪ǣҶݼ䱾Ѫ֮Ѿܹˡ壬˵ѪǴҲʲô顣
ҶƲٿָνɫѪԴӵѻѪҺĥ򰾳˽ɫ֮ÿһζǾĴڡŵ˵һѪܹһԶڵѪ
Ѫǿ
ХƷ֮ŰһӴ۵籩
Ҷٶȼ죬ָһѪֱӻΪ̬ɵ˿У
Ӵѹ˸˹˫һ̲סĹڵءֵЩɫȻţǵ۽ѪҺ֮ϵʱ򣬾ͱ쳣񣬿ȣ
ǽ˶УͻȻŮһĵĿԸӵģ
໣
ѨֵƺˣӴѹǵ񾭣ҲҶ
Ҷһʲô
Ӵķ籩ѪҺΪģ𽥻һƷ֮ŰšƷǼΪǿڷֱӻᱻƹᴩ
ϸСȴнܵĸһ̼˵顣
ȥ
ҶƵֿѪһߵĹ켣ûֵܵĶͷ֮У
ɫĹһţ˶ͷ֮Ҳɢȥ
籩˲ֹͣ˴һҶҲΪղһĲٿأЩģͷҲ졣
ֻǿʼ𺳵Ÿոտʼ
˸˹νɫѪ֮ɫʼһһĲתţѪǴһ㣬ֵϵ˲θߵһٽ㣡
꣡
ĵţ޷ǿǾͨպֱӿԽ׶Σ
ֵܻƬʼǣҲ𽥱Ӵ󣬿ӣҪֳԭˡ
ҶһҵƷŸűô
˵ţҶ˲߳ţ˸˹߳Ʒš˸˹˿һ˿д棬ñյƷϷ
һ룬˸˹ԶһŭֱӻԲΣ˶⣬·ǧٿףǴǵͶģ
ǴԶѪ˿ڱ˸˹š
໣
ǵı飬ƺʹ࣬ԶŭĺС
üͷʵƸ磬ô£ѵǳܲסѪôǵƺʹ࣡
ǡǡ෴ҶƹһЦǶѪĽܺܿ죬ѾȫˡɱḶ̵́Ȼʹ࣬һͦȥǾǲӼ
Ҷô˵Ҳ
ƺΪӡ֤ҶƵ˵˸˹ͻȻһ޴ڿšֵϵƬҲ֣ƬøӼӲīɫɫҲЩ
һ֮ǰƴֵϴǿĿ£ֱ֮
ϲЦտѯʵƸ磬Ѫǳɱˣ
ǵģˣͬѨһˣıˣӴ֮󣬵ѨͲӦýеѨˡҶ΢Ц˵һ
ģ֮ϵ˸˹۾ֵ۵˸һ˿ƺŸĻϣֻǿվʳ˵ޣŹʸɨˡ
ˢ
˸˹Ӱһٴλ֮ͣеɢҲֱصƷ֮ϣҶƣͷݡ
ˣǵѨһĶˣӴֵ֮ܶԴΨǴӣ˼ѵ˹Ҳ飬ȫƺһֱʵˡ
ôѾǳ׵Чˣᱳѡ޵˼һô໨ӡ


849 Է
ɣҶüûμʵѾοԼˡ֮ԷѾ˼ֻѨѪŨȣʵܴһԭҪǿ
ӣа᲻ĵٴξǽа֮ķ
֮£ѣ
ҶȻþһеԼ˳ԼΧһпõ
ֻѨ֮ʥĵӰ֮£ȻԷ޴ôҲֻʱˡ
˽ҶҲԼ뷨һȻ˵ܹġԼҪ񹬣Ļôף
ԣҶԸԼľѪҲҪ˸˹ѪŨȣӵ֮ʥĵӰ֮¿մﵽǿߵı׼
ңȫʵҲǷɿ죬Ŀֱ࣬˼顣
ֻǰδʵͳҶһףһõͷҲһشĺϢΪ֮ʥģʼֱ޼ޣôȥ²ԶĽ񹬽ֶһϽɣ
ϽɵָÿϽɶһϵĲƸҪԲԶ
˸˹վʹҲϵļ֮ɫǻ֮ƺ֮и˷ʵҲ˫˫ס
ɵʵҲǽɣҶƷоһˡ
粢ʵҶҲһһεʵ֤˵
Խ׻ɱ֣·ѾҶƵרһһΣҲͬҳ㷹һ㣬ޱȡ
ǵѪɳô죬ҿʱգѨһ壬ǵĴڶıİɣҶ΢Цſ˸˹ʵѾ˵Ѩķˡ
Ѩǧ֮һѪҶȴӲᵽɵѪŨȣһٶĲһ㣬ҲӵԶѪˡ
˸˹Ҳ˳˵һֳɳ
Ӵ֮ǲֻشѨҲܹһԶǰ㣬չ߷ˡ
ҲΪôԭ
ΪѪԭǱ󲿷Ʋ𣬵ǴӴ󣬾ȫıˡ
𺳵˫ۣҲǱҶƵֶθסˡ
BϤôҶͻȻûͷûԵôһ仰
ʵԼҲ֪Ϊʲôôʣܾʶİɡ
Bü˵ŮǵʱҸй֮ԵǲǺϤҳûϵˡ
Ҷ˼ĵ˵ͷ
ôƸʶһ˿֮ɫҶƣգգ۾
BġƸļBĻ׼ᱻǿɾ鷳ˣ
ΪͬԵʣBûʲôøУֻΪǹ˵ŮԲűһء
ȷʶǰһ̽аԴأҶ¶һ˿Цƺ뵽֮ǰBԼһȥ̽аԴ顣
ΪƮӵͻȻ֣ЩˣɾĽˣ
аʵ̫ǿֶͨ죬ͲǸʱǿ赲ģ
뵽ҶҲһĺ£ҲBĻˡ
üͷҲ֪˵ЩʲôƺִƸ粻רһ˵ģЩͲʵ֣
˸˹ոյõҲ˷ܵĲˣ˻˷ڣҲϥšյ֮ʥĵӰ죬ǵٶҪ߳һһҪ࣡
ҲΪʲôǵĽٶȻôԭ
Ʒٶȼ죬˲ʹԽ˿ռʱĽ㣬Ҷվڼװ֮ϣգһһ

̾һҶתͷȥףߣҷԼٶȣֿ˲٣
ǺðһֱҪ뿪ҺˣЦ˫ȴĵɨҶƵӣдڴ֮ɫƺ뿴ʲôӦ
ܿϧҶƲûаֻ棬Ϊֻ˵ЦʵϣղǾ仰ѾҶûʲôӦһʧ֮ɫȻתͷȥ
쿴ǶôҶ̧ͷͻȻƳʲôæе
˳ҶָȥķȥԶʴһֺĽ𽥸ֳ̻Իͣ˫
ԽǽӽԽܹܵǵĺƴ󣡸ߣ۴ʣƺڶǵĳǽΧС
ô󣡡Ҷ̲ס̾˿ԽǽӽǣҲͶشεҲǾƷ־۷ڿмж
ҶƵƷи˵˿ע⣬۵Ǹ
ҶԵ͵Ҳûжʲô
ڿ̤շеˣ˸ʰ쵵ĹâֻǷȥҶƾ͸Ҷ϶Χٸɼǿߣ
ַ֮жϡȱǿߣȻ˷ģ˳Ծ֣
ЩɼǿһɫҴңеĽǣеĳǣÿ˶·ԼĿģ˭ҲԸͣһ롣
ԽǽӽǣҶƾԽܸܵǵӴ̣һڵϵľһֻҪܹصģ
Ǵǣ˵
ûнǣҶƾͱһɹӴסˡϢһԼҲץסǵҡ
öǿߣҶһĭٸܵʮǿϢרǿƣ
ûнǣӵ˻ݣҶƷԼЩСⶫǡ
ɶ繷ɱ߰
Ͻɣһ㶼ϲͷųԼϢһȺǿ߱ƴĻǶҪݣ
ˣˣ
ƷѾе˶ǵϿգΪ˱ʾǵ𾴣Ҷƾнǡ
Ʒſٵڵ֮ϣһƬҳҶƴԾҲ˸˹ֵҲҶƴ֮гѣ˵ЩԸûбİ취ֻʵʵ߳
ƷԼĿռָڣҶƿʼ̧ͷⶫǾ޴ǽ
׸ߵĳǽ׭ŸֹƣԼһ𣬾Ȼаڼֻĸһ£ҶƾͲ㱻ŵ
ôһǽڣȻȫƴ󣡿ʵжôǿ
˷ѵҲӴģƷʯҪǧöܴ߶ĻǼϽһ֣Ҳ»ᱻ˸ɣ
ִϽɼǿ֣߳Ҳûô״ƣǶǵĻƴ󡪡Է


850 
ʮ׸ߴĳţʮֵĻֺ׳ۡͬеǣⶫǸû
ΪʲôΪͲҪ
ڶ˵֣㹻ˣ
Ҷƻųݾ߽һʷʫľ޳֮ڣУΧĻƺˡ
УֻԻӴĽڵ·ߣĵ·ϣǾİŹû˸ҲعأΪǵִӣǻʱֵģ
šֻҲšôļ򵥣ǵǿʵ֣û˸Ҳӣ
඼Ű׸ߴ󣬶ǲգҲкܶԼطȥֻǶСģԼ˶ǵĹء
ҶЩϲ£죬Ϊ³ǾѾǱȽϺĴˣⶫǱֻС׼׶ѣ֮飬ҲŹ⻪
ᳵ·ǰ棬˸˹ҲϢһɶ˿а˵ǣҲֻСļβ͡
ҶʮָȤţ档
ȷҪһֱ𣿡ͻȻתͷûͷûԵҶһ仰
ҶЩͷԣ֪Ϊʲôôʡ
Ȼˣʲô𣿡
ûУ붫񹬵а֮ңٶȵĻ߼Ҳ˶񹬵һҶƾ
ôܣҶ㶵ǣȻа֮ң
ȻˣȻΪأⶫǿǶΨһǣǿƼԻЦ
Ҷס죬Щʾ֭ǷУ뵽ﶫ񹬵ҲҪյ·̰
չһЦЦ֮дһ˿ãƴʹ󰡣㲻᲻֪ƴʹɣ
ôһ˵Ҷһ£ŻȻƴʹڵػҲмأֻۼ䰺ҪĲϷǳ࣬ҶҲûж̫ģϾƴʹ󻹲ֽ׶εȥԵġ
ƴʹؽڴƿռԶƴʹ֮УҲգ۾͵ƴʹʵ̫󣬾ԽԶѵĲϾԽࡣһֻм֮ƴʹΪǵԭҲһ
ʹƴʹĴҲǺܰģһξҪټƷʯǴһ˸ܲôߵļ۸
˼֮лҶƷԼȻߵһҫĴǰſߴӣΪʣ˾ú
˿֣һ˿֮ɫæӭȥ
ӣˣôһջӦúܷʢɣ
ʮڣϴЦݣʾõ
ޱ飬ûΪ˵ڸһ˿ɫͣסŲĸˣ͵񹬵Ǯ
ĸˣ
һ㶣ΪĳͣҲػʹ˲ٴƴʹ󣬵һ˴͵ģ˵ˣʵ˺˹Ѩѡ
һȥӴҲϤˣ֪Ƕ񹬵ˣ̬ȲŻ˹
һΣ˰꣬Ķּ֮һô
̧ͷһŷҶơҶȫƣ󣬸Ǻ޴ڸУ˶òȥĿ⣬ûпҶơ
ڼ䣬ԵЩͷü벻Ҫ˷ǵʱ䣡
Ҷûʲôʾֻʼ磬νĴ
ӼæЦеÿ·вϵǸǸ
ûи˺ɫԹԵ߽С
һţҶƾ͸оڵǿʮӴ󣬵ƺʲôѹš
ҶĴɨӣһֻмʮƽ׵С䣬üӲʯģҲƺֲֻʣܹܵסƴĿ̻
û͸ֹֻƿ̻ǽҫֵ΢âǿܹ˿ƴ·Լתʽ
ҶƸоЩ֣Ϊֻʯ޷ƴʹɻ֮࣬۽ǵͻȻƳСܡ
ĸСĽǣǼ䲻۵ʯͷһ㡣Ҷһ۾ͷǵĲͬ
ǡףɫ¹¹ףǣɾʯҶĿɿڴһһٵⷿĽơ
ֲĸܹ֧ƴʹתЩϵļֵѾƴʹˣ
Դһ˿ҶһֵۣЦЦǻ棬û֧ƴʹĲϣ
ҶƻȻĵ˵ͷƴʹ󣬿ӦĳµĲƲ˵ıǮ޴󣬵֮󣬹ÿÿ͵ķþаöƷʯ֮ࡣʮĲƸôﵽһĿ̶ֲأ
ֱǱ
֮ǰԼϵļƷʯѾ㹻ˣŷֻ֣ǾţһëѰ˼ұȣֱ˼һë磡
һʱ䣬ҶƺҲ뵽ʲôػҲƴʹĿ̻Լһִܹ̻ˣ񲻾ʯˣ
뵽ҲǼΪȣ˫ȭյĽأѾԺ֮в߻ֻûһƲˡ
һİټƷʯӣ΢ЦʵԭҪôģֻΪԼҵүˣŻڡ
ԼүڰǰһΣʱ̲סҪʶֻˡ
ߺܻᴧĦү˼ΪԼүϵĶ϶ܲġԲŶڣͽǰֺδٷˡ
ڣǼ鼴ҶҲԿ˵ĿⲢơ
İټƷʯôĵһռָӸߣҼǵ滹һЩ࣬ǿİö
һλЦŵ˵ͷ֮þ̽һռָڣЦԲӣֻöƷʯ
ʲôһüûаЩƷʯУһֱҲûעĶ١滹ʣһλض񹬵ǮǷص·ϣֶҶһˣԴ˿̣Щȣ׽⡣
Ҷ΢΢һЦֻһټƷʯѣҲܹõóǰ׼Ǯʱһ٬ͻȻ
ϹĹۣӵǮҲҪǸƺѵˡ
̬֮˲ת䣬϶ĵЦݣϵľϹ


851 μҴ
ү˺޲ðͷ񵽿ȥΪŮһ㡣
˸˹ޱվߣ飬ǲҪʲôģֻȫָ㹻Ҷ޵˵Ĳó
תȥˣüͷ΢ƺЩ⡣
ҶҲתȥԴһ˿΢ЦĴˡ
һŽɫ۵꣬װŸְʯ塣ϸ޳Ů˰ָϣźüռָװ껪ޱȡɫЩ԰ףƺΪ¡Ƿӣƺز㡣
ҲӢֻƺӰ죬ԵЩײ࣬ĺܡ
ŶүüƴʹһηÿһټƷʯĸ˼İټƷʯôСŮӿɲҵ
˵ƽȴ̺һӼζ
Ƿ飬仹Լ˵顣
λδƺû֮ЦһЦһߵô˵ɲƲôȻûǮôһ㻹ǲеģ
ޱˣδ٣ȻǵǮǾͲʹƴʹˡƸ磬ߣ
ҶͷЩΡֹţôûǮ
ʵôȫǳԼǱʶ֮еĹԡһ˶ˣûصȥҶƵ뷨
Ҷ׼Ǯδȴٴοڡ
ӣʵҲûʲô˼øӽѶѣЩ䱸ӣδҲ̯̯֣νЦûʲôŵ㣬Ƕ󷽣ֻҪӸ³ѣԺƴʹӾܹʹˣ
δ˵ЩгĶӡ֪Ů˻ᾭܵסջ󣡶μңƿжΨһһƴʹ󣬼ֱǱʮԼѾǳ˶ˡ
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ƣÿһֶĸҲڹ͵˼£
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δٺɧı۾һΪܵӡ
Ů˵а԰飡񹬵ƴʹʹĻǵýʡʱԼʯ
ϧûгһס
׼ϴʾܾȴҶֱס˸첲
Ҷ۾ϴһ˿Ц⣬˭˵ûǮģһټƷʯô˵ţҶӿռָ֮һٿ鼫ƷʯţһԵȫ˳ǰ
ʹһСɣͬʱٿŰöƷʯڵݳһޱȵļ壬⣬ĿҼΪƯ
Ĳٿس̶ȣҶƸ֮ǰһʵķԾ
ôһ֣һɻ޹أƴľǵٿ
ͬʱٿذöƷʯҰԼѷһһж˲Ϣ֮ɵģ˵ٿصѾһΪֲĳ̶ȣ
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852 漣֮
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ⲻ£һȫĿ־壡ȻԼϣǾϵĲֱ̫ˣ
ҶѾаԾֻҪδٸʲôľٶôӲܣٰٱʵ࣬Ҳ֣ΪֻǱԼҪˣѡ
Ҷ˫ӥĶδٵһһȴȻ֮䷢֣δٲûʲôľٶԼȻ޷λã
վ˵ĸоȴͬһ㣬Ϣ۾ƾоĻǸᷢǰһ˵ġ
ǵʵĲˣȼʮǳʮɣֻҪһ֣ܹɱǿߣ
ʵҶǽյ촽֮Ͼܿ˿̿ûʲô飬ʵнŵҪͬϣƴ
δȴûʲôһĶ˫۴ŵջַǰһЦȻô֣ôĻԵͻ˼ˣ
ϣԺлټɣ´μ棬ӿһҪ¼ֱ棬ȥһ𣡡
˵֮δ¶һ˿΢ЦǶǴʦҲë˺ȻŵתȥһԳμõĽЩô򲻴ﵽĿĲݵүűϵĲͬ
δýˣ֪ȡᣬҲȷ˷СҲûʲôӡ
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ǰԹİ
μҸҲʱ
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˸˹ҲǴһ˵ǵѪ˲٣ҲһǣǸղδٵʱ򣬻ĸоġ
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δ٣ߣѡҶơΪҶƿʵ̫ƽˡ
ûһõóֵҲɣһվϢƽûʲôر֮ʵڲֵñ˸߿һۡ
ͷҶһۣ΢΢һЦſ첽ǰȥ
ģһýɫƿ̻Ȧʮ׵һԿԴˡ
ҲƴʹйأԽһԴ͵ҲԽࡣȻҪĲԼ̻ƵֶΣҲࡣ
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ڴ֮վȴŴҶȴʮֺΣĿߵϡ
˵˫ͬʱðɫĹâƺָۣͬʱ˶ܿ죬ڷĸڣֱĵƱƾտ̻
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ǡҶһЩţ˫۶·𿴵Ĵˡ
ûǶ񹬵˵ͷ˵ʵһʱҲŵˣֱе漣
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ǽȥɣ΢΢һЦҶƵ
ҶƵ˵ͷĳŸȥ
׵ľ벢ԶҶƺܿߵ˸֮¡
ҶƺȻԼЩԺˣ۾ԼĳڿհףȻſ۾ڴǹŵ񷶥񷶥룬û׭̵塰񹬵
ھ޴ĹźһбϵĴ·ľͷ֮µĶ񹬵ɽƣԼȫòҶǰչ
Ӵڴ˽ҲûȥҶƣ֮£ݻȻǸ롣
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һܹ˾סƮԼļ壬ӦҲסڶ񹬵ڵġң񹬵ڣפǵݲһʲôݣⶫ񹬵У͵عأ


853 ʵ
Ӵĵ·һֱȥеɵȷϣһ·ôĵʯÿʯЩͬ⣬һģһģ·ͬһľʯпɳ
ĵбϣԽԽļžе޴ڼڵȫգ֦ʹŴδİɫʵʺ֦ҶڷҡҷţΪۡ
̧ͷ۾һƬԴľȺ֮䣬ֲһƬƬԴɫΪĽռĹʮͣݶǽֵĴɼĻΣƺ㳾Ⱦɾ
ֻ¾סľĥҲкܴôġ
ԡŵĴ׵ɫâ峿ֵ˶¹ڳɫȻֹţеķʮЭ
ⶫ񹬵֮ϣһ
ʹֻҪڶ񹬵ڳþסٶȾͻȲڴﵽٶȵһ֮࣡
޴Ķ񹬵ڣҶƷԼһ˫۾ȻЩˡ
ҶƵУ񹬵ֳȴһȥֵֻ̡¡ֲȵΪн·Ȫ͹㳡Уǲʡɫʡ״ֳһصľȷгɷָƺһơͬʱ죬ûɾ˹ģĳ˵δе㲻˼飡
һ漣ҶƺԼ̾ԡ
ûⶫ񹬵һ漣Ҳ˵ͷ
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ƮЩͷ۵ԴЦˣ㲻ҪˣҪ¸̸ȥȻƽȴһ˿ɣB֪¶ˣҲǵֻܺһŤͷ˳ȥ
ҶưҶƣϣ㣬ʧƮŤͷȥٶԶɫ̾
Ϊ縺ģԼʹ

ҶƻߵǰԼ˺˹
ӣҶӣǿԽȥˣ֪ҪأԱһ˹
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854 ɳ̸
ƿţӭһƬݻٵľڵĻԵŵĴɫնɣ׺˿˿·ܹ׵ĸ˺øСĲֺţ޴˵Ʒζ
ҶƸ߽֮УƮվԶ̨ߣ˫ԶԶšҲ֪ڿʲôڶ˵Ķƺš
ҶƺԴԼոս󣬾Ѿȫ¶ڶԷʶ֮ˡ
ȵˣһˣ
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оЩܳæͷл˿佱ֻ˷ڵѣ޷ܣ
ǫ飬Ҫ֪õ֮һأҪ˷Լ츳ôƮ˵ᣬǳһ㡣
صĵ˵ͷ˫֮ȼ˶־
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һʱ䣬ټĹڣֻʣҶƸƮˡ
ˣҶƺǹľһ˵˲ֻ¼ϵҶɸ㹻أǷĵġ
Ʈӵ̬ʮַɣûһҪ̸ӣЩ⡣һʱڳΣ£ҶƵ
ҶƿƮӸԼҲûʲô֣ҲԷģԼλϡ
ƮӴ˸ָʱǰһС̳ͭĲԼɰС豭
ƮȶԼһЩĿ
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ҶҲ豭Ũǳֹĳһڡ
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ȥ֮˿˿ķΣָоޱ޷
Ҷƺһ֮ɫںһݵıݴ˲٣ڶתٶȣ˱ϵǿ
֮أѾû˰ɣƮӽ豭£˫֮΢Щ롣
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뵱ǿΪûκڡΪһǿߣƿռ䴫͵һСǧ֮УʩǿķӡǸռǺνķ֮أƮдһ˿
ҾǷ֮صĵһߣҲǵһףűͽʿԽԽ֮࣬ҲľһЩģΪȥıȽ磬ĹıȽ϶һЩսʤʿΪסڷ֮صЩ£ÿնڲɱ¾֮Уʵķɿ졭
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ҶԽԽû뵽£
ΪʲôƽķֱӸˣǷҪŪһʲôȥأҶЩɻѡ
̫ˣǸðգȻÿ춼ɱ¾֮УѾϤҲĽֹ򽻸ǣΪ˭֪ǻ᲻ĹΪҪģемıģҼɵʿƮ΢΢һЦֻɣеʶǽģʸȥ֮صĹϵԼµһ͵Ǹİɣ
ҶƳĬԣȷȱʵ̫ˡʱε׶ȥðգǶɣѾľˣ
ԲƮҪģҪǶǿҿģֻˣܼ縺֮صĴθص
˵ҲˣҶΪɵĿ޷˵ĸ̤֮УҲţõһĻ
£Ƶᡣ
ģңʣͷ˰ɣ˵ǿǸͬԴأƮͻȻת˻⣬עҶƣЦ
˵ģ𣿡ҶƮӵĻǳĬһᣬȻŷʵ
˵ҶƸоԼХ֮ڵ⣬ƺܵʲôһ㡣
磬;ҶƺüΪҶƵʹߣһֱΪš
֮ǰһжٺˣ綼γµħŸŲٻɱ¾֮Ϊһƽҡ
ҶЩʵȥһԵл
ƺݵ̫ˡǳģһ˯֮ãأƮЩε̯̯֡
ҶЩʧ䣬ΪȷȥݷһġƮô˵Ҳʱе롣ûԼĿģǾǽƮӵʱ֮ص֮ȥ
̫û˵˰ɣһ򿪻ϻӣͣˡ˱ϾǻɵģƮ±еĲˮĺһ
Ҷû˵ĵȴƮӵġ
Ʈӳ֮̾ҲǻָüһֺҶƣмҪѯһϣܹʵʵĻشң
ҶƸоԼһ֪Ľ⡣
˵Ҷ壬æش
Ʈ˫֮һ˿ǵĹâҶƵӣһһٵǲʶڣ


855 ϥ̸
ҶƸоԼͷһ㱣ЩӦƮӵʵ̫ϬһѪ
ҲȷǲǰҶЩɣǺŵĻشɽһڵˮ̶£Ͷ˵ɽλλ֮ӣɽ綼ΪҵĴڶ߸
˵ⷬѾʮִ治ˣֱӻҶƵˣ
ڶ񹬣ʾһĴڣȴ˿ڳ˵Ҫ߸ɽȨⱾһˡ
ƮȴûЦʮࡣҶƵĻ֮Ҳüͷ
һҿԺܸεĸ㣬ûԤλ֮ӣǣľ򣬲Ҳˣͬһ̫һ𣬶ʱڵϣ
ҶЩգû뵽ָԼһİӣǴ˵еǸϽڣ
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18Ϣڣ˸˹סҶƵ˫ЩӵĶǰ壬ӸղſʼһһĲţ·ʲôʹࡣ
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ҶüͷͬԴĸоĵ׸оˬǱ⣬Ҳûɲ֣ڶ֮УҲֻա

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Ӿʧ룬֪ҲһֵסԼɱһ赭д
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ӱϾҲɣḻۿһɱɣͻȻսպɨ·޵̣֮䣬ʱ飬һɣһԪƴӡ
ҶƷ·ͻȻоʲôһ˲ɴ۾˫ȭ߬ýġ


867 а
֮УҶƾȻһ˿ϤϢ
ǵҶƼ̵а
ϣҶƸоŨаڷڣ
ôҶһ˲Щˣӵ˫ۣҲһ˿Ρ˫ȭ߬ƺ뽫еķŭй
һ˿䣬ҲԼݣ͵ؽгݺݵĺٶȷɿ죬Ũаֱӵһµĸ߶ȣ
ǽӵа˲ٴȼաֱնһƣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ڶĽƶһնƣ
а壿
Ȼа壿
Χ˽Զ˭û뵽ⶫ֮ڣȻаĴڣĵҲ̫ˣڶڶҷĳ֣
ذС͵۾ѾڻƾʵֻҪһܹʹа֧飬Ҫ϶
뿴ҶƵӦԣԼҶƵʵ֪Ҷɼɵʱ򣬻ֵô
ЩִҲǷӵаݣһѸٵĳ߸Ϲ
ӼӴȣһѾԼŷ׺ХڣһʱҶΣޱȣ
ҶŤͷ˿ߵִߣǸϹҪһʱ䣬ʱڣֻܿԼ
ȣ
ҶƻǿĽ⣬ɫֱһ˦Դֻ޴Ľɫ˸Ӵɱֱӳǽ˦ȥ
¡
һ죬ɫӰǽֱײһһ˲ػΧռѿƬӴֱ˶Ĥ˻ֹסĲһЩʵɣֱӱ𵴵ĿѪ
ɫӰֱɢڿлΪޡǽҲ֮һͬ޾֮УʧӰ٣
ҶƸоһ󷭹һѪؿػʮִء
Ƹ磬㲻ҪɣһĻŵ඼Ҫˡ
Ҷİ˰֣ĨĨǵѪӦûʲôң㲻Ҫ˵İæҲԵģ
Ҷ˼֣εĶ˶š
ҲܵӴĳ޲͸һǿҵĲ˼֮ɫôҲû뵽ԼȫһȻԷɵĸ
ʵҶһ㶼ɣ˫۶΢ĲţǻĴֻЩ˿ģɼֱͦƺ赭дûѶ
Щִٶȼĳ߸һ˿֮ɫҲǲ˵ʲôתӡ
һִ߾أղЩûӦ˼ҲսԲҪߡ
Ҷɵаߣûж˵ʲôվһץʩչһ֣ȴ֮Լǿ
һ֣ƿնûҷƣǾգǬ˼޴㳡ʼѣİĶ˷ĩ
ҶȻֻɵʵһɲǣƺֱѹǵа壡һԵĿ־壬Ȼľ粻ߣ⡣
ˣоһ˲޴ɨΧռ䣡ණ֮еĴɲѰϢ
ɵľ磬ͷųԽɵҶƣ˳Ծ
һԵذСҲ΢΢ףֵɴ͵Ц⣬۾Ҳ֪Щʲô
ž
ҶƵľƣֱϮ󡣵һ𣬿ռѿһƬѡӷžһɱٽÿһһɱ⣬һȫѾƴ̵ǧٿף
Ҷƺһ˵ֻûľƣ֮ɶԱӰġоڴʹһʱɫЩѿ
תܣҶԥ׷׷ʱһãԶݶߣһа壬ȻҲڶҰǲ֪ߵغ񣬸°ɣ
䣬˲⣬иʱգȫ̡һǿҽɫ棬ϵˣ˰Уеˣڳеĸ֣оһѹ֮
ִӵĶӳҲɼǿߣ

аһҪܣɫȼյˣվһƣʱ˳Ų²аʽһС
һԾ·춼˺ˣ仯һͼ˫ֽ֯Ϊָձ
аھУϵȻ˥ղɱҶƵʱѾǸ˾޴Ĵۣܵ˾ҵķɡ˿Ҳˣܼսȥ
ʵ۷״̬֮УǱһĽ֣
ʵаֵ˲䣬ѾעĽ֡ⶫ֮б¶ݣǲԼôɫ˴õձըԪΪһöɫҩģĶСǽɫĵҩУһаģСˣҳͻͼƿӡ
ǿɽȫž
ܣ
Щִ߸ϽŶӳϴ
ܽɫΪһϵӣ߹ڹŷޱȡ֮ŽɫſԷһеɵƣ
ɣⲻǣִ߶ӳĮ˭û뵽ǻǱڶڣô޹ʣҪǵϵģ
Щִһϥأͷֻ̧Ӧ֪
ߣԺڳڣӴ̲ȣҲڽ鷢ˣ𣿡ִӶӳҲʮѵЩˡ
ǣ
Щִ߼æӦ
ִӶӳߵҶǰƽлǽаץ񣡡
ҶףЩֵĵ˵ͷһС£ҳݣ
ִͻȻתͷذСæذϴ٣û뵽Ҳ
ذСֵɶЦ⣬ƺ۶˭ݸ߹Ǳ΢Ȼ߹󣬿Ц֮Ĺϵ˲ıɢ׺͸
ƾһ㣬Ҷƾ
֮ǰƷɣ˵ɺܺãǴʦ޲κһë˵ĸо̫ˣģ߲ʣˣעѵġ
ãôͲˣ¸ˣִӶӳĶذСһתִȥ
ЩŭҶƵղˣʲôƢȻҪһȥǸս㲻֪ղŶΣ𣿡
ҶƿЦһûϵƤ񣬻ָˣһС˸
ֹȻ溺ӣذСҶƵļһǵӡ
ʵղţҲҶ˲䱬Ƹסˡ


868 
ҶƿЦʵƺأֻһֱûбֳѡؿڳƵľѹһʯ
ٵĴӿռָ֮˼öƵɵ֮ɫҲ˺ܶࡣ
ҸһʣλûʲôĻȥһҲҾһµ֮꣡ذСЦеķ룬СС۾֮͸ϡҶƣǸ޷ܾ
ҶƿذС飬ĵԼҲûʲô飬ȥذϸ
ҶƶذСûκηУЩҪĽʶѶ·˶ǽ
ôţҶƻǰĿŵϣһ
΢΢һЦذСҲûʲô飬߶ˣ
ذСȥ΢΢һϴźЦݣ޿ޣӺֿȥһǶȻԣ
˵ţذС͵شӿռָ֮һɢźɽƵľۣڿƯš֮ϵŸܼƣʮּƣ
֣ӣ룡
ذСʾ⣬ڿնȵ˾֮ϡ
Ŷ
Ҷǰһ̲סڿն´Ҿۣϴ޵Цݣƺ˼ʲô
ۣνǾƷ֮еľƷҶƸ̻ƣ̲ס̾Ҳо֪̻ƶٶԼǿġ
ⶼټ򵥲ˣΪʲôҶƻ𺳣
һܹضƣжġͱһľƷյķΧܹﵽ֮һѾܲˡҾۣƸǷΧȻﵽ˿ֲ֮һ
͸Ĳʺַйˣ
ذСЩֵЦֹˣ⼫´ʦǿƷһľƷͬѾ޽ӽڼƷˣֵǣΪޣ϶Ҫһ¥ģ
´ʦ
ҶԺ֮Ѹٸ˹˵ӡĴʦ֮һҲʦ֮бȽʸġ
ԼǻǳµֱʡɳɳƷֵ޿ɹ
´ʦ˳ԾҶ⼫۵壬ֱĴУ̾һ
⼫ۣٶȼģܹ̾ƿռ䴩УҲܹʱ䱣ּٵķУذСܵ
ƺ⼫۵ٶˣ˿ҲЦŶҶƵƸ磬⼫۵ٶĺܿ죬ɲҪŵŶ
ҶƵһۣЦԣŭѵҾôûʶ
Ѹٰ˰֣һȻǣֻǺѣ
ôˣҶֻҲε̯̯֡
·㳡ϵ˽Զֱۣһ⼫ָָ㣬֮ɫ
־Ʒļֵ㹻ߣӦ˵־Ʒ޼֮˳ٶ༫ƷʯذСƶ
ָ߶ȣѾǲȱǵ㼫ƷʯˡϵǿԼþ޴ǵ׷
ಣ
͵ش˳ȥڿһĲƳĴǸӣƽˮͻȻһʯӾˮҲǿٵ˷
ˣ
޴ĳϵ˶ЩͷۻðǡϾ⼫ڸ˲ǻӴķģһɽҲֱӸըƽ
ȵ㳡Щ۵ʱǼֱʧӰ٣
찡
̫˼ˣ
ϻܲǿذϴٵ´ʦ֣֮
㳡ЩڼҵΪһԼ޹Сࡣ
Ҷվڼ۵ļװϣſӶԺХһʱɪĸо˲ӣĻ죬Ϊһ
⼫۵ٶȵȷܿ죬ԼԼƷҲôһ˿ֻҶƺԼƷóǷٶƵģһ
ȫƬ޲ƷţǲóٶȣҲܹ걬⼫ۣ
ϾƷǼƷϹžʹģ
磬ҶҲĲˡ
ذ֣ҲһҾۣóһٶȣΣҶЦŶذС
ðذС붼ûֱӴӦˣذϼұƵģ⼫ذϼϯʦµ۷֮Ȼκεģ
ҶưƷŴӿռָ֮ȡ˲䣬гһӴľۣǸ߲ʵɽȻɢبŲƣԵĸоһ֮⡣
Ʒ֮ϵĵǹۣص²ɣʱ䳤֮вĥ£Ųơ
޷ģ£ֻʱĴĥģܾ߱ƣ
ǼۣȻͬǿ𾳽绹ƷŸ߳һЩȴԵʮۡƷԱߣ͸Сһ㣬ƻΣͲһģ
⡭Ŀɿڴ˵ҹɭֻ֣ǸԶԶĿƷһۣﲻ˿𺳵Ч
ƷŸճһ˲䣬ذСʹסˡ
ֵ֮ɫţҲ޷ţ۵ԶԶԼļۣ
Ҫ֪Լļۿ´ʦ۷֮
ôܡ
ǣǰҾۣмطȻԵ벻ͨˡ
ҾۣôطǿЩȫ޸ĻֱӳԽƷķˣ
ѵ
ذС𺳵֣ѵһƷ
ذС䣬ҲͷҶơ
Ҷƿڴı飬ҲǿЦŵ˵ͷʵشû֮ǰȷǵģϧҵõֻһļƷҲͿ൱ھƷѣ
㻹֪㣿ܽ޲ǿľ׬ˣذСŬɴ۾ΪϷ̫Եʣʹ۾ô
ˣƷٶȣһȵļأҶվƷżװϣذСһٶȣ
ҲֱƷ֮ϣʮ־Ĵš
ҶƲƲҵƷٶȱȲۣһΪ̫ˣ
һûҶƣǼ鿴Ʒš
Ʒɲô׾ܹģȻֻһļƷ
ذС̾һҶƵôʼˣ
䣬ƷŸۼͬʱ˳ȥڿеƬƣĴɢ
ٶȶ죬һӰɹѾ֮ˣ
ಣ
Ʒ֮ڶ쳹˵Ķԡ
ƷŸ۶ʹԼٶȣî˾ྺš


869 ű
Ҷվڼװ֮ϣƷʹȫٶȣаšƷҲûиҶƶٶȸһȵĳ˳ȥȻƷжദƣɲӰٶȣ
ĵƷŵĺ棬ٶȼȻ׷ϲƷŵٶȣذСҲ𺳲ѣɴ۾˵
˫סͣϴſЦݡƷŵٶʵ̫ˣĿԲŶľ
ռ䶼ģΪǵٶʵ̫죬ֻоΧľţ
˵һֱƷŵĺ棬Ŭ޷ԽҾһǰһ󣬷·Խ˿ռ
֣ǵˣҪˣذСεĶҶƵ
ҶԣҲѸٸƷ´ָǳԽ˹ԣƷӴֱڿͣס
֮£ۻǰЩȶס
ôһСϸڣ͸¶ˣ⼫۲Ʒŵʵ
Ƹ磬ȻӮ˰ƺΪģЦòޱȡذСļۣ񹬶ģû뵽ҶƵľ۾Ȼٶ֮ϳԽ
Ȼ֪һƵļƷʲô޸ĿܵĻҶƿνõˣ
ɽ绹û˴ﵽ񽳵ļȻûܹƷĿǰɽļƷϹʱģ޵ġ
϶ܸڱȣƷô࣬ɲǶ֣
ΪһϹʱļƷȻ𣬵ǱϾձ
ۣȻų޽ӽڼƷľƷһʹ໹ǲСģ
ذ֣ļٶȵѾﵽ˾ƷĶ壡Ǳȵǳ;ĻҾԲĶ֣ҶƼ
ʵҶ˵ûƷóĲٶȣǽ᲻ɴݵķ;Ļƾ˲ıܹʤһƴ;ٶȣ϶Ǽ۵Ķֵģ
ͽһٶ˥ߣ
ذСϲûκξɥ֮ɫ˷ޱȡ
ûʲô˾ˣֲ䲻ˣľۣȻǿǼƷôദطķڷܹȫ޸Ļ϶ᷢӳȫٶȻһļ᲻ɴݣذϼ岻Ĵ֮һذСҲ͵Ʒŵŵ㡣
ȻذСͨǴСڼ֮ܵѬգյ֪ʶҲһʦղġ
ҶҲе˷ܣذСԸˣ϶ǱʶģƺһԵű˲Ҫ̸
ذֹǫˣҶƽƷͷȥڶڶٳһƬиߴΧǽΧţǻԻ͵Ľʥׯϡ
һƬȻذϼˣڶڣذϼҾһıݣ᲻ɴݣ
ҶͻȻĬһᣬ󻺻ڵذ֣һ֮롭
ذС˵ͷֵ¶һ˿΢Ц˵ɣôôҸоЩڡҶѣûôͺã
ҶƿذС˺ˬҲһ󼤶֪ذϼģ´ʦΪϯʦƽ޷߱ģ
´ʦ̸һ̸֪ذܲһ£ҶЩɵ˵λ֪ԼݣĿǰ˵ֻһɶѡ´ʦϽɶصȻʵֻɣΪʦݣڶҲʮֵ
Ҷ´ʦ̸̸ѶȫһСҪʹĻʵֱۣ췽ҹ̷
ذСûоܾ˼һһģ´ʦƢܹ֣ϲϼҶûаա⼫Ʒ£´ʦ϶Ӽģ
ҶɫһϲæȻˣҪллˣ
ҶмѣذСһڴӦ΢ֳһ˿м֮顣
´ʦȷкҪġһΪ뿴һ´ʦûз޲ƷţξѯһµƷ֮ϵõʾ
ʾĴڣҲһȻܹѹסҪ֪ʵ̫ûģ߸̫ģ
ܹѹסģһǼǿĲϣ
ҶȻʲôǿȥһ´ʦ
ʾޱȵĲϵĻҶƾʹ׬׬ˣ
ذСҲѼλɣ
ҶƸһۣԶ˵ͷ·ȥ
˵Ѹ䣬׸߿͵ڵ֮ϡ˶ƿΩΩФȻصٶȺܿ죬ȴûзκ
ɳɳɳ
صᣬϸ
ذСһȳǰȥذϼҵޱɣʮ׸ߣȴ湴Żĵơһȥַ֪ģԲһľƷ
ֻǴžɣһʱҶƴһ˿֮顣
Ƕ֮һ
ŵĿذСҲɫľϹ·ذСһӶûУЦеĸ˴к
ҶЩذСֶΣⲢ㣬һʣܹܺõˣ
ڣҶЩ˽⵽ΪʲôذСܹô˾ˡ
֮УĴƵʯȫУһſɵĵʮ䡣һʹԺζ
ذϴ٣
һ·һЩذϼҵˣĸذСкһַĵĹȫûа١
ҶƾЩɻˡذСô˶ϹϾ
μҵƷɣͬĳ֮ͬӣԸȴȻͬ
ذС˭ǿͿģ˿ûмӡƢܺãؿ֮£ƷȻģԸЩһĸоԸʮְһ˭ӣԺ˸Ȧˡ
ԵʣذСƷɸ߳˲ֹһ
˽ֵĻ˭ǿһЩأҶо˼ţƷɸذСԶʮɵľ磬˽֣˭һЩ
ƷϵͱˣذС
ҶƲҶ˭ǿ˭ǿԿ϶ǣ˵սԶԽеľ硣ԿɣҲһ·磡
һδıĽҼ̳ˣʵҲ˰ɣ
ֻǶ񹬶ѣôֵͬţǷɽأ
һʱ䣬ҶЩȥ롣һֱΪʺսƣڱĴƣ
˫ȭ΢΢߬ԷԼҲҪ˵Ĳ


870 ݳ޴
ɽޱߣҲӦôʶԼ޵Ŀȥ޴硣ں嫵֮УҲֻһֻС϶ѣҶһ˲·ʲôĵװ
Ҷ˺֮ܶ࣬ǰһֱޱȵģ˵˾ǰʶƷԼذСʵ֮󣬲ų򡣼æ̬ȥ߾硣
ãǵˣ
ذСҶƴӳ˼֮лѣҶһ̧ͷԼѾһĴǰ
ȥɣȥԸϲ裡ذСƿţ˵
ҶУĴסˣ̧ͷĴɨӣҲǰ̾һ
˵Χ̻ƺͨǽڶò֪Ĳģ㹻Ӳ޽ӽھƷķ
ȻⲢ˵нӽƷʵЧġ˵۷㹻Ӳ
ҪƿķҲҪһɣ
ذϼ壬֮ص
ҲĴɨţ֮еĲʮֵĴѪϲ͡
ذСƿ˽λϣĴ˴ʴƣٺЦˣһ͵ϵõն裬´ǳ
ҶƼæֵûҪô¡أͺã
Ҳŵ˵ͷ
ذСĻᰡ⻰ô˵ģǵһذϼͣǲд¡һ㣬ȥǱЦΪذϼСأ
ذСô֣ҶҲνšܿնˣҲþģ֪ʲôʣм㣬Ǿ㹻Ӳ
һɹ˱ǣĿӰ£ҶֻоԼ඼˰ģĸӦƺˣѪתѸ٣ֻѪĹЧ
ذСȶⱭ裬Ʒһڣ˺ð죬Žȥһ
Ȼò裡
Ҷһڣ豭£һ̾
裬ȵȹĶҪ㴼ѪĹЧһڣǼӿ˶ٶȣ
ҲŵĴӣС֮кһ̾Ȼò裡
һ죬һƷ裬ҲǼΪ⡣
ܿ죬ҶƵҲܺõĵ˷ܵذС̸ţڲϴˬʵЦ
Ʒ˲裬Ȼòʱ䡣ذС͵ش˸ָһλݳ˽ȥɫүʲôԸ
ذСӣһӴֵ׼ϲˣҪúдһ¿ˣ
߼æתȥܿ죬һ̵ķ˾ͱ˳
ذСˮͰСƸ߽ű൱һƿĿθȫ
ҶƸЩĿɿڴذСӴΣҲͲΪˣ
ذСһӣǰһ̶ѵø߸ߵĲǰľͶʧ޵׵ٵľ׽ţһ߳һкҶƸˡ
Űԣ
ϣѸݵس¿ٰ̣һϡ
ǰƲ̸һһҿкȻŵĶǴ鲼Ѫ˿ţڶ࣬Ҳ֪ʲôϵ⡣̱ԵȻʻͽ֭Ĺյͼűȴȫġ
һĿţ
ζǿ֮УʱҲǹҶƵʳҲʲôֱӴ
ذС۾ˣԾ˵ٶһһԹصĴѪ⡣Զʱ쳣κξ׽ĲϣѾذСġ
ǼִӲĹͷͺһϢʧذСĺ
һ̣ҶЩˣΪʲôذСΪô׳
ȫôѳİ
ҶϳԷٶȹˣһһʧšذС˵̫˵㣡
ò˵Щľ㣡Ȼֻһ죬Ͻϣ˱ǣ
ذСѵذȥȻôдǿɻ⣿
ҶƿЦѣһذ֣ѵƽʱԷ˸ų𣿡
ȻûУֻǾԱȽϽʡʱѣذСһţС
ʵһ仰ô˵ģθھʵذСһ˵
ۣ
Ҷ仰һڻûõֱ˳ҵĿ˼³ûõĹͷ
˭˵ģҶЩŵذСθھʵ仰ǵһ
Ҹ˵ģذСЩ޹ˣȻ죬¶ȴ˿
оȻǿȥ֮󣬶Զ׼ġһ˲䣬ҶҲ·˽仰塣
θھʵ
ٷǼֵŶǧҪ˿˷ѣذСٺЦţٵĳԼŶ
ٷȷǼֵǡ֪ʲô޵ţ⴦̺֮ḻֻǳ˼飬Ҷƾ͸оԼ糯ϴһЩŨˡ
ģҶЩΪʲôǵʵôˣ
ƽʱҲˣиǿĹɵĸԷһֱǿΪ
ΪʲôǵΪôߣʵһǿޱȣ
Ϊ˼Էʱ
ȫĽǮģ
ذСθڴľˣҲĳȣһɽһӣ;װ£̻ʣ£ݣ̫ܣ
ȥ޸ΣذСȻȥ
Լ߹Ǻܿ춼˸⣬ЩߺǵļӣһЩ鿾㴼ơ
ذСֱӼһ⣬˦Уͬʱ޴ıӾ𣬰ƶУһȥ

ذСһȫЦݡ˵ֻгԷʱĵʱ
ܿͱ׽ɾȥٴμ飬̻š
ҶƸ·ҲɿڵķһԵƽʱһַ࣡ǿζǿľ磬ֶΪأ
ǺٷļֵԳҲǺ˿飡
һʧУܿӾ˺һЩ߶ɫæӶȥ
ཹལ
ҶֱӶһƿҲɲƵģԶ׼ãܿʹﵽһٽ㡣ԽԽϲٶԼķԼͿ϶ܹͻƵˣ
ԷҲ磬һǾԲܵ飬ǽҶƾͼʶˣ
ݻ
ٷ˲һʱʵʱ֮ǰҶƾѾԱˡذСֳ˲СʱĲ˲ͣʾò͡


871 ݷ
ҶƸоԼڵԣ˲٣ֻһٷȻʤԼĿ޳ɹ
Ҳǽüͷ˫֮мһ˿ϲ֮ɫ·ʲô¼Ҫһ㡣
ذϴ٣ܸܲҰһķ䣡ҲҪͻˣ֮д󼤶
Ŷô죿ҶҲЩģΪ֮ʥģ츳ȫԼû뵽һô֮Ҳǽͻơ
ãˣذСϴůЦݣڵ
ܿһߣվ
үʲôԸ
ȥӰһû˴ŵķ䣡ذС˻֣
ľһ
ӣɣתһĶ
ǿסǹͻƵĳ嶯һ첽ȥ
֮УʣذСҶˡҶҪȥݷ´ʦǱҪذСֲ˼ֱӿڣһʱ
ذСܶԹɫһĻҲЦ֣㿴ҲˡߣҴȥݷ´ʦ
ҶĵװһЦݣذСĺøּһ㡣
ذСѵĴԼǷֵ̧˳ǷӣҶҪǰһѡڣذСվˡ
ôֱСˣذСԴһ˿ԹĺߵӣƺΪˬ
ҶһǱƽӴӽһû뵽ذСȻС
Լ̫˰ɣҶưԷ˷ֻۣû˵
ذС߳ֶԵߵ̫Сˣͷȥһģ
߼æϹߵԣү˵ĶԣһжǸӵĴû뵽ȻԼСϾ͸ȥµģ
ţذСĵ˵ͷ
Ҷƾ͸ذСһ·߹ҶƷذϼҵ治Ǹǵģרŵʦѧ壬ٲȻֹȷнãȵȡ
·˭ذСĴкһĻҶУҲ˼ǧ
ذСĲҶһƧǰ
ذСڣߵһռѷǰͣ£棬һСǧ硣´ʦСǧ統У
Ҷ´һǿռѷ죬ռѷȶ񹬵ڵЩϢࡣ
ֻܰԼȥܷ´ʦͿԼ컯ˣذС˵
Ҷ´ǿռѷ죬ĵ˵ͷذ֣ôңĺܸл㣡
ȥ֮´ʦ˵ģӦûһӣذСЩͷ۵Դ
ã
ұ㣬´ʦƢܹŹܻ֡㣬һҪסذСȻĵĽ
Ҷظذͷİɣ
Ҷ̧ͷǿռѷ죬첽˽ȥ

֮ҶƷԼһãĸԭ֮ϣԶ·壬Ӵ˾ȡ
ҶƷĳ·һ࣬Ҫ·ӹʱͻȻо·ƺǿĵڣвһ
ǿȻ´ʦ
ɽһƣֱӽҶƵʶѹ˻Ҷƻһ뵽
´ʦΪɼ𣬸ǡ
Ҷƿ˼ʱͻȻԶһԶĸ
ǸԶã⾳೤ϸһư⣬嫲֪ΣҶ֮һйɻȻʵĸоҪ˸һĳ嶯
Ҷذ˵´ʦƢŹ֣ܳˣôС֮أ
һŤҶֱǹ·ȥգͬɫС
ҶվڰɽĿȥ·ƺܾŨ۾Կ׿ľ
Լ䣬ҶƿǰԶһӰɽȥһ㶣Ժ֮ͷת˼һʣ¿´ʦ
ǰ˲δͣ£·ûҶƵԾǲĸţҶһɣٶԷûжŭǼõϲ߼Ҫ׷ϡ
ܿҶƱ㷢˲ԣ׷ϣʼպԷıӰƽһᵽˡľ衣
Ҷ޷ȫԷĶʱ죬緲·˹˲òˡ
ǰǰ´ʦҶŽһԷûͣ¡
ҶƼιĴкԷʼδлӦڹеİЩͺߵҾ׷ǰȥѯʣ
ˢ
һ˲䣬Ҷչ˼٣Ⱥݺݵһŵ棬֮Ϊһ׷ȥȼ٣Էڴ벻¶ᱻ˲׷ϡ

ХҶƵٶȴﵽ˼£Ȼһж̫ˣģıӰʼģߵľû˿
ҶƵвһܸУԼ˴֮ٶƾտ֡ǼˣΪٶģӰǰô
һ̾ͣ׷ϵĲż嶥ȥıӰʵǰˣðŻǰ£ǰȻûйĴܸ֮˵仰ɣ
ǱӰͣһ̶𣺡Сӣôûõģȸ˵
Ҷ۾һӽ·忪ʼһǰ֮˵һ󼤶չٸ˹ȥ
ȻԷǲ´ʦ˾Ųʮˣ
ҶƱΪԼܹϣȴû뵽һߵľգҲǰӰζֻǼ˸ʧУɾ٣ļ٣֮ٶҲԳƼ٣ʵЩСˣ
ҶҲǺջ󣬰ʱȥ֮ǰȻһƵɽ壬ղǱӰʧڴ˴
뵽Ҷûκ٣ǻһųʥ֮ģûзУֻƾ˫ɽ·ʵš
ҶѾǵֻɽ۵Ҷˣ׵ɽ壬Ҷֻ˺ٵʱ䣬˰ɽ
ʮϢҶ۾һ·ˡ˵֮߾ƶˣףǰһƬƽ̹֮أһéſһǡ
é֮ǰһƬҩֻûκҩֻӲһƬҩԱһ峤ߣҶֳһͨӣһؽľ׮ÿһ鱻ĳ൱
ҶһǱӰῴܴ˿˿û˿ӿͬһͨҶƺ֮ǰʼյǰıӰˡ
ǰҶˣҶһֱ֣ӱԼ֡
ûлػרעŲһһ顣·Ҷƾǿһ㣬Ͳڡ


872 ɽ۶
£ҶҲЩɻ֮ǰԼ˵ҶƻΪǸӡ
ǰ´ʦҶƶ˶٣ٴοѯʵ
ûлػֻǼһɲظԼĶ
ҶԼļ꣬ĵĿţԭ뷨ǣƿ澿ʲôҩģı鿪ʼ͸ǿҵ֮ɫ
ǰĶ򵥣ҶаԸ̾
էһͨͨĶľȴ̺żµ۶ȺʱƿأǶԽǶȵİգǡôһ֣Ҳһ֣úã
ҶаһңղĲĻ¸͸ܲ˿̵
û˵ֻǼŲɪıӰԼһһĶҶüͷ
ۣۣۣ
һһҶվ۾ԽԽʱʱ¶һ˼֮ɫÿһ˿ռĴڣһȥƸոջӶľѾ˿
ҶƿԿ϶ǲǵٶȿжԵĸ
λǰԸÿ£ֻ˵Ļ˭ܵһ
ҶƵ󲢷ǿţΪ˿̿Ķһ˭ܵºӾĹأ
ͺñɱԶһֻǵһȭͷͻȻȭͷ䵽˶ԷϣȿԽռ䣬ֻйĿʼͽûм̵Ĺ칥ȥ
ԽǷɣҶԽӵĲҳԴţҲƺڿʾÿһ
ҶƵ˼뽥˼ӡ֤У˫ֿʼʶ˵ĻӶͷӶ
ڴ˿̵Ҷ˵ǲ´ʦѾҪˣΪڵѾ˿˼ڤ֮УһжǺˡ
ԣԡңҵٶ̫ˣǹʱǸٶԽԽ𣿡ҶüͷҡҡͷԼ뷨
ţҶķʽȻɣܿҶƾ߳ǣȴֱһ֮С
ǲԣֱ̫ˣǰĹ켣һֱߣ΢ģһûнֳ
Ҷ¶һɻ󲻽⣬߼ֱ߾ģҲ칥˵·ǿǿڳֹʱҲһȦҪ治Ч
Ȼÿһȥûйɿԣʱֱȴһߣʱֹ˿
𣿡ҶƵÿһ˲䶼޷Σת˲䱻ӡ֤Ʒһһʧʬ⣬һУֻԼ統С
䡭
ʱһĹȥҶʼվڹ·ۣ֮ÿմ󲿷ʱü˼żһ˲ľϲϣ漴˸ʱüС
ӡ֤࣬Ǵ󲿷ʱ䶼ƷԼӡ֤
ӦҶڿٵ˼ţǰ·ܿĶһĻĻڻطš
ͣ
Ҷƿһӣֱ۸ո̧˲䣬ǰһһѣ漴żֱۣдӰ
ˣ
ҶһͷɫϲüһҡͷԣҲķȷˣϧЩҵΪ޷⡣
Ҷƿյҡҡͷ漴յĿ˼͵С
һգҶƺܳʱûκεĶˣվͬһ齸ʯ嶥Ŀ綼δҡһֻȸΪһʯųԴϡ
ҶԾûκεķӦֻǼԭһֱ紵ĺۣȻİɿХҲûκεķӦͬһӲס
δҶͻȻˣӿһ֮ĵϣ͸һ˿ŶаЦݡ
ֱۻ̧Ƴѵ״͵Ե˸ӿռѷ첻ϵ˸
ͷȸܵżŷߣҶ΢΢һЦֱۿֳǰһ

һ̣һֲѷҶһУٵĳˣѷǰ޾ȥʮԶһеİԵƣҶƿһ˲𾪡
ãɹˣȻǰߵ·߲ͬҶƵĹȻ޷ٷְٵģ£ԵյĿ꣡
һҶƳéݿȥѾéҲڿҵɽбǰֻƽɽأ֮ǰһУ˿ʧӰ٣·δֹ
ҶһʱЩң֮ǰʮ̣ҪΪղŷȫԼĻ
ǰǰ
ҶƳŸк˼첽ǰȥš
ʱһߣСӣ̶ʮʱ䣬Ϸַİ֮Ȼе۸ģ
֮ҶƼѣⲻ֮ǰǸô
ǰ´ʦҶƸѯʵ
ߣϷ֮⣬˭һ˿⡣
ȻǴʦҶЩΣֻˣʦ
ɽң´ʦһûҶˡ
Ҷ仰æɽ·ȥȻ´ʦ˵ȥɽô϶ɽʲôĴڡҶۻ·˸飬Ƶɽ巶Χܹ㣬Ҷ˺üʱǿҵɽһɽ
ɽ߽ȥǴĥƽɽ壬⻬ƺܹâǶŻĵյͷŲõĹâ
Ҷƿ߽ȥһǰҶͣ½Ųվűߣ֪´ʦڡҶƶ˶٣ƽһԼ̧ڽá
Ȼң沢ûж
ܿ죬һĻȿŻ¶ķ䡣ǣڲûκδڣ֮ȻΪݶһյҫ۵ĵյǶһȭͷС꣬ʵ൱ݳޣ
ŵһݵߣҲһҡС۾һͷĶ̷ȥҲ֪ûϴˡϴſĳۣϻմһЩĩƵĶ
´ʦл´ʦ֮ǰĲָ㣡Ҷƿ´ʦ˲䣬æϹ
֮ǰɽ֮ϣ
ԼҲѧ˲ٶҶʮָм¡
´ʦһƽͨͷѣûɢκƣķ·һܴҶ֪һߣȴΰʦ֮һ
֮ǡ֮һǫ˵Ͼˣ졣ʱûܹ´ʦƥУ
ߣϷöѡȻСͻȻ϶ҪһЩͷԵģ´ʦ˵ʱ򣬺Ҳ΢Ͼ𣬿ǻ


873 ַ
ô˵ʦ̻һЩлȻģҶִҡҡͷ
Сˣҽ̸ģֻϷĶַѣôһַ֪жϷ̸ôдһ˿⣬ȷʱ
Ϊΰʦô˵һ㶼ţһ㶼֡
ʦΪʲô뵽ô̸ַأʦҶЩɵʳԼɻ
ֻǶһѣǸʱϷǡ£ģָһȻϷĻַ֮УŲСõģתš
飿ҶһʱоЩû뵽ֻǶԼһѣûɡ
֮ǰذСҲ˵´ʦƢǹŹ֣ͨƣҶҲһж˳Ͼˣɲŭ¡
ʵҲԼʮͽַڻͨ뵱ذССӣһأ̾˿ƺڸ̾ʲô
ذС
Ҷɻû뵽ذСҲַҲȻˣذϼҿңذСΪүذϼҵļ̳ˣûκȤҲӦѧһ֪⡣ѧҲû취ϾÿĿȾ
߽棬ҶĴšȻһңԵúңطȷʵ㹻ƽϣԵŵĸ߰Ľһڵ¯ͬɫע⡣¯ĸоȻмֺˡ
ĿҶ˹ȥ֮ʱһ¯ͷ侹ȻúɵģҲֻǺƺһЩγһĺϽӲȷ
УһԲεƽ̨ƽ̨ȥһ޴ĽӴֻһ׵ĸ߶ȣȥʵ
ӣʵĵģǾǧһʣȫʣ¾ȻѾһһĴĥ̴СľʯȭͷС
ôһӣһɽô߰ɣ
ÿÿ뵽Ҷоޱȡ
ذϼҵˣ´Ҷϣһ˿ͬѰϢҲüʵ
ţҸذСѣģҶ뵽֮ǰذСԸԼĻʱ̧˵Щ
ȻذСֵʱҲĬˣһŵԭǸСӣǹ֪Ϸ鷳
˵ɣϷʲô£ϣƮĴҶơ
ҶƱֱóʾ뻹ˡ΢Ц£ӿռָ֮ǰѻ
һ֣˲ŭնˡ
´ʦϵɣҶƽˣ£Ȼ˵ϡ
´һЩ룬·뵽ʲô£ճյֹϵãϷѵǹעѪģôô
ڶ޻м˷ŭ޵֮¶ģԶԵĿܹռ޵Ļǣ֮Уǿʵ
ûѿɳɳľƷھҵУҵɻսƷҶ̾˿ּı޼۵ġû뵽öƷʯļ۸񣬾˳ȥЩˣһ㶼ͣ
˵··ҲЩд̺ŨĻ֮ɫ
Ϸ򵱳ͲӦðȥ
·ǴʲôʹĻ䣬±Դûڵĺ
ô£ʦܷ˵Ҷƿµı飬һʱҲЩԾܵľжȻĻڣ
ʱϷ˻ΪǸʱ򼫶ȱǮȻͼ۽˳ȥ˵¶̲סҧгݣ˫ȭҲ߬
ڰϷǺڰ¿ţϷѰ˶꣬ûκϢΪⱲӶټû뵽ôȥˣϷٴμ
һʱ䣬ҶҲЩµĳĸжˡǻ̧𣬵ݸ¡
ʦҾãⶫӦԭǣҶƳϿҵ
㣬ҲǹµĻġ´ʦԸֳľԵˣֵ𾴵ģǶԼƷǷݴȰκʣȻ𾴣
ôϷϷҪ𣿡ƺܲ飬ݵһ˲ֱ֮ͦͬΡ벻ŭҶơ
ûǸ˼ҶһԴ󣬴˵µƢ֣Ȼġ˵û䣬̱ˡ
ʲô˼˵ֱӸϷȥĺӶҶƣ˫ȭ߬£ʵ̺Ӵ
ֻҪһָܰҶƳ飡
ȻĿʦݣҲӵɵʵģ
ǲݱ˺ӵģ
Ҷ˲תĺܿ죬һæ̧ͷעµ˫ۣϿҵʦ˽顣һֶͬһȷʹģǽգԲӣ
˵ţҶƵһ͵شӻ֮нԼǵʱѪ˳ǻͨһȥ
ⶫѾˡ
ҶƿҲǻֱӵݸ¡·еĲʲôͨ·洦ɼĴײһ㡣
סˣ˺ôһŻ̾һֲŽǻӹǴֲڲϼĸǵ˫͸һ˿Եĸж
˵ĲϷ˵һľ壬Ǹ޷ġעҶƵ˫ۣһһٵȻҪϷ֪ļֵ
ҵȻ֪ļֵʲôֵԶûдʦžҪҶᣬǾشһ㴸µͷ
ͻȻЦƺá
˵úã˵úðСӣ˽Ϸ򰡣
ҶƿôˣҲǰһԼ˵㲻ʲôΪԼȱܹ£һ˳ˮ۵ĻǺġ
Ͼܹ뷽跨һʦϹϵҶ˵޺
Ϸ֪СϷ϶Ϸ˵ɣʲô£Ϸã½ŵһߣۺӣЦ
ҶƿôˬʣҲΣֱӿżɽʦмʦһ
ãóɡⶫڣûϷϲĶº
ҶɫָǷׯ֮ɫĵ˵ͷȻӿռָ֮Уˡ


874 
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ӴƷֱռⷿһҲҿ󣬲Ȼû취װô޴
Ʒųֵ˲䣬´סˡ˫۶ĿƷţ΢΢ʶһ£е֮ɫζڸǲסġ
ƷŻͷӴǿϢ̻ŵƣา֮һ࣬붼顣ƷɢǹبŲɣϢ·˶ޱ޼ʵ֮СһϹʱڵĸ־ôϵվûпͷųʲôѹҲԵĸо˾޴ѹ
ǡ¼ѵĳǰΪûע£㱻
ѸߵƷԱߣȥϸƷŵһһĵǹۣµֱƺҲ΢Ĳš
ġǱﰡ˫۵ɵþ޴С֮Ϸ·˲ŷƣһͷŭʨŭš
ҶЩ죬û뵽ΪʲôµķӦôҡ
ȴˣƷɲÿ˶ʸӵеģ񹬣ҲֻƮӲӵһϵġҲУǾ֮ģ
˵ʦԴƷûӴƷ
ƷǿԱֶθģƷܣֻѰϹģ֮١֮Ĳֱ࣬Ϳ֮ݣ
ƷţǼ״ΡƾҲ˲ͿƷŵĵȽףһƷ
ƷŻ£ɢ˿˿һ˲ЩʧƺƷⰿ֮ϵΡ𺳣޷
ҶվһԣǼӣиһ
˭˭ٻôΰĽ±Щȣ˫֮ŵĹʣ͵תͷȥעҶƣͺ
Ƿӣ˵ԼŪĻ»ֱӰԼ˺飡ҶƼæ̯̯˫֣εʦ⣬Ͳ֪ˡڵõʱ򣬾Ѿˣ
¼ҶҲ֪𰸣ҲĲС˫ֲŸƷŵôΰƷôΰĽôٻˣǱﰡ²ϵţԿǷǳŭġǷŭҲûãϾѾˣ޷أֻԼƢƷš
û֮ǰӦһƷϧôദڶһƷʵҶһ˵һעµɫ
ȻҶƻ䣬üͷ壬ֹǾƷҾѾһľƷ֮ˡֻǸƷ̫ˣԲš
˵ŤͷȥϸĴƷţͷϸܵĺ飬Ѿȫעоˣκ˴š
ô˵ûˣϷǰ˼ŵ𴦣֮ǰʲôˣ֮мһ˿ߣԿķŭġûܹ˿̵飬ͬɫǿһỤ̊Ŀȫһ㣬ַŭȫĵġ
˵仰ٴ֮СĸƷŵƺڸƷžʲôзɡ
ˣ
ָãûܵóԼҪĴ𰸡Σֻܰעŵĵطȥ
Ǹ˽֮һƵĴĻȻƵоǶô͸ֻҵѣǻܹġЩƿɲһƣ룬ֽ׶εĶˮƽ֮ϣûмƵ
Ҳмˣһ۾ͿƵĲƽԼЩƷܹ֮һơ֮ϣȴһĸ
ֻôһϸڣ;ֲĿǰû취ġ
ʵܹƵĲйءشĴǿѲʶ֮ܳͨһķΧָ붼ġ
һ˲䣬¸оһոµĴǰ򿪣ֻҪԼܹסᡭ
Ҷƿĵ£ɵõ˿ȣ˵ʦ֮԰Ϊû޸Ŀܣ
޸
üͷһ֣Ȼڿ˼ڤš
һᣬ²Ż̧ͷעҶƵ˫ۣ͸һ˿Ϊʧ⡣
ȻϣϷҪ˵Ŀǰҵֶ˵û޸⼫Ʒʵ̫ˣµ֮дһ˿һ˿Ρ
ȰѾһԵĳ̶ȣȥľƷҲв٣ڼƷķ룬붼û
һƷԼǰȴԼΪ
̫Ϸ绯ˣԼ벻ܹоһ´˵еļƷ𣿽ڴɣԼȴΪ
˶٣½ŵϷʵɽ磬Ҳûܹ޸ʣµĲкΪҲܴкĲʣ
Ҷô˵Ȼ׼Щ΢΢ʧġ
ǾˣҶƹһЦ
㲻ܰƷ޸ɼƷҲˣˣҷˣܵҲ׵ľͱٵ
ƺЩϣ˸ſȵĻ棬תͷȥɫ֮оȻһ˿֮ɫҶƵܸܲϷһЩʱ䣬Ϸ˵ָܹԭ
ҶȻʧЦΪڶСͷȫȴ·һľͷܹŷǿһУ
ĲˣʦûҪǿģ㲻ָܻԭҲûʲôҡ
Ϸ㣡˸ϵĹâַƷϣ뿪

ֵҶɵˣЩûŪ
е֮ɫԲαװġ˿̵£ѾʲôµʦˣһҪĳֶĿͷ
Ϊܹо֮׵ļƷǻȥӡ
Ϸûи㿪Цܲܣ⼫ƷϷУϷ֤һҵ޸ķµĺʶһ£Ϊѵ˿ĭ
ʵҶǿĲһ֣ɱҶҲֻһָܰ쵽顣ɱҶƣƷ˳ҲˡȴҶܹ⼫Ʒ£ûɱ˶ᱦͷ
ⲻ˽ռǶȰǷݴϾȰ
ҶЩɣ㶣֪Ǻá˵ʵڵģҲµ̬ȸ𺳵ˡ
ΰʦ֮һȻڿధԼ飬Լôô׵ĳܣ
ҧҧҶջ˾ϡ


875 ս
ʦȻϲƷʱҲǲԣ͵ǰһТɣҶƵ̬ȼΪϿңôԭġΪҪص磬֮иͲҪõƷţоҲһ˳ˮ۵顣
ǱˣҶƻ治һġǾ´ʦĶݽӴҶƷʵһܴˣʲô˵ʲôԼ뷨Ա˻ƢŹ֣ʵȻһʼͽ̸ԼַʱҶƾͷʵ´ʦݵһġ
ҲΪʲôܹһͷ֮ϣԭ
µƷҶȫĵġҲָ¿ԽƷ޸ֻʱһպ«ưȥаɡгʲôáвҲԼġ
һʦǷԼ飬һֻ׬⡣
Ժ˵˻ʲôæҪ
ģ͵˸ϣĻ𻨣Ҳ֪Ʒŵļֵû뵽ҶƾôĵԼѵԼ⼫Ʒ·ȻƷʱ𣬿Ҳǲ۲۵ļƷ
֪ҶƼȻôˣǾǶԼٷְٵţһʱҲЩж
СӣϷû뵽ô󷽡֮ǰǰѻϷְ⼫ƷϷ򡣶Ϸ˿ҲԻر硭¶˶٣ϷһɵľƷȻϷ֪ȫȲĸʲôϷ㿴Σ
˵ţ̨ϣһ˫ƱӲĻ֣⻤ֲ֪úεȲʶģÿһ綼ŲõĹâ䣬ۡ
ϷնġսȭףҲһƷȻֿɳɳģҲǾƷ֮е۷ڣҲһɶõˡⲻսȭ׵ʱдһ˿ȡ
ŶҶֽ˹еš
⿴ޱȵȫףȻɵĹ֣ȻǺϽǧɵӼҶü͵˿һĵƼⲢֻװõģ֮ϣҲ̻ƣٶȵġȻƲʮֵĸߵȣȴޱʵá
ֻȭ׶һͬ㣬ǾǰֵıԵĴָŰֲһ𣬾ܹĿӡ
һԣܹϸȴЩģ
Ҷɻʵʲô
ɫ֮дһ˿̧ͷ֮ԽвսȭףΪȭ׵ʱҽһ˵ԪУ
ʲôҶһæǺ϶ΪһףʱԽãҶԽоҪһ㡣
Ȼ˵Ԫ֮УֶδЩ̫˰ɡ
ţ̣
ҶôţԼһЦ˳
ƸĸԼ֮бŻոĥԼôֱ˵ͷ
ҵһˣ²ûйͣҰԪȭ֮УҳĨм䡣Ӵˣͱһֻ֣ȭĴָͼ϶ΪһʱԪͻսһʱ䡣
⡭
ҶƱµĻ˵סˣû뵽Ȼ
ʵΣҶƽʵܵĸо鲻ô򵥡
ʵһʵٻԪʵҲ۷Ҳʮɶѣ֮󣬾ûʲôЧˡˣʵҶһѡ
ôǿ൱˲һ𣿡ҶЩ𺳵˵
Ҳô˵ɣֻʱ䲢ѣҲͶܹһʱ䣡ÿʹһζҪոУÿһʹһΡڹˣ˵ⲻսȭ׵ı׶ˡ
ֱʱҶƲΪʲôȭ׽вսȭףΪһʱٻԪڰ
²ʦ֮һŷͬڳ˵뷨
°ⲻսȭ׽һ֮ҶƲŶƷ˳֪ȻⲻսȭȻû˵ôǿõ
ⲻսȭܹǿҲٶȡϷ㣬Ӧ˰ɣⲻսȭУ϶ܷӳȫʵģֻ΢΢һҶƣͰҶƵصȫԺ֮С
ɼǿߵĿ֮
ҶЩȭ׵ģϾԼôȱǿȭ׵֮Ҷƶˡ
ûǶˡ
ΪⲻսȭױȻҪʺԼ
ܲսȭûлôǿǿɳɳľƷʺҶƵģ
Ȼˣ¾лʦˣҶƽǲսȭУ˷ܲѣһѪܿ͸佨˸Ӧ
ǣ
ҶһȭԶɵҶ˫֮ϡһ˲䣬ҶƸоԼƺǿһܻӳɽ
ͻ˷ܳЩͷת
ûʲôлģ͵ϷĲɣ¹ȻҲ˾һߣҾһɡҶƵΪҲͶұ
Ŀò״Ʒ֮˻ͻȻڵСӣղϷԻĶַƺԺܸߣ¾ѧˣذССӻһ
ǽҰɣҶƺǫЦЦ֮ǰĲַ֪Ϊʲô
ѧ֮ҲȷѾԻӳӿռĹˡ
ûнңϷĵӣΣϷѱѧ㣬ƾ츳϶ò˶ãһʦ֮дһ˿⻰ͣҶƶУȴһ
ллʦĺ⣬ֻʱûʲôȤҶƸϽлں޲ðеľʵϣĻȥѧϰ
⻰Ȼܱ˵ֻл
¿ҶôϵҲǲĺ˺ߣϾҲûʲô취˲Ը⣬Ҳǿʲô
Сӹ˲һֻ֪֪ҪϷ˵ͽ񹬵ſ޲óϷԴ꣡ºһƺҶƵķܺܲ⡣
û˵ѣʵȷˣ
Ȼ˵ȻˡʦǶʦ̳ʦôʸأҶƼæ˸¡
±Ҷƨĵĺ鲻ĺҶ̬ôҲüϾ
ʦһ󣡡Ҷһϸ۲µɫһСĿڵ
Ͼ´ʦƢЩŹ֣ҶҲСģŭ
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876 ʾ
µƺҶƵĵҲһЩ
ȷһҪ°Ǿ°æһ£ʾЧԼļֵ
ȻҶƲ֪ʾʲôǾԲӹƷôܿƵס̫أʾӲޱȣҶŬƲһ˿һĻڣһ᲻ɴݵԲʯ̡
ΪʦӦʾļֵ
һϣֵʦһⶫֵΣҶưѲսȭ˿ռָ֮С
ʶˣϷ˵ĿǰĲϣûϷʶģ°͵ɽЦӰһͷ
Ҷƿ˿϶Ҳӿռָ֮óʾ
ʾԲεӣôɫ滥ཻ洩ţûʲôɣɢһֱ
Ŀھ۽ʾ֮ϵ˲䣬ͫ͵·ǿʲôŵһ㡣ʹţƺȥһ
µԺУ·һֱ䣬˶ŴˡͣĿ࣬ƺʯԭأһ
⡭ǡ»̧һָֻ֣Ҷеʾһʱ΢ĲšЩǰ飬ҲЩš
ôܣôܻ
´˿Ժ֮з·ըһȫ˽Ѿʧȥ˼ȫס
Ҷƿµı˿ţһ˵ˣʾһһ𾪵˵ı
ʦʦҶǰ˻ӣӼ֮лѡ
ʦ㻹ûң⾿ǸʲôأҶָʾ
ôᣡôᣡûҶƵĻԴ
Ȼºݺ˿ĭĴ֮лָһĸҶƽ͵̫ˣ˼ղЩʧ̬ô˵أ˵̫࣬Ҳһܹ⡣ɣҾͼ򵥵ĸһⶫǡ

Ҷȫ֪ԼôСǧ֮߳ģʧǵ߳ռѷʱһذϼҵҲǹվһԡ
Ҷӣү˵֮ҸطϢһ£Ȼܿͻȥ㣡˵̬ʮֹϾҲذС׿ڷԸ飬ô˿أ
Ҷûȥ˼˵ĻǻеԵĵ˵ͷ˼״Ҳǿʼ·
Ҷ̵˺棬ԴƺȻ𾪣ûдȫ
ţڹ䴦ҶƸоԼֱײһ֮ϣ
Ȼ˿ЩĲɣǱֱܻѸ˷ӦǸƺڣ޴󣬳Ҷѹȶ˲䣬ҶƵ˿ηǹɴӲӲײȥ
磡
һ죬ҶƸоǰ屻ԼԶԶײɳȥ
ֱʱҶƲ̧ͷǰ
һŻ۵ӣڵϣϴһ˿ܻƺ˱ıԵ
㲻۾ŭգƺԼһײɺûӣлй˳
Ҷ͵һü˵ʲô
˵·۾ӵֺݺݵظһ飬߰Χö˶˸
ţ˭Ȼү̫ˣ
ǰ˺ذϼҵģ϶ùˣ
ΧΧһȺˣҲǶҶָָ㣬ǵӣǶҶûаĸͬģԶÿ˵Ŀ⿴Ҷơ
ҶƲмɨһۣҧ˵Ĺͣ
ʲô
Ȼôү˵
ǻˣ
ΧЩһɵˣû뵽˾Ȼôţذϼҵĵ̣
˵ʲôذһ˿ŭ˫ȭ߬ýģӣƺҪҶƲɱƵá
죬ˣذָҶƵıӣһһٵ
ߣҶƸͲмڶذ޳ֻ֣ǶɵʵҶ˵һֶֻܹɽ
˽ţһ˲併˱㣬ƺֻҪһܹöը
ʱ򣬴ҶȥϢǸվ˳Ķذ޾һãүҶǴүӴĹ͡үִҪҶӵĻ´ү᲻Ӧģ
ذСذһ˿ļɵ֮ɫ̲סһҶƵ۹ͻȻø
ΧЩΧ۵ԭΪкϷˣ˭֪ȴֽ֡
ذСڶذϼҼ̳ˣѾʮɵʵˣ˵ʲôʱͽΪˡذ޾ôҲȥذС
ǰذСĹ֮Ҳ˲еͷ
ذСǵģ˵ͬΪذϼҵֱϵӵܣǾذСֱɱ嶼˵ְɣ
ϾֻʵܴһУʲôĶġ
ô˵棬ԼҲʵ²̨ԼһԵֱôӴԺͱ̧ͷˡ
вңذһ˿âעǰǸˣȵ
ȻңүֻǸһѣ֪ذ޲ҶҶôǲҶԼô̬ҲʮֵĹľһ
˶òذеŭҲɢһЩݺݵĵһҶƣһȥ
ҲǸذһܺǫ̃£Ҳܻգɫ̨ס
ΧЩΧ۵ˣҲʧȥΪԿһϷ˭֪ôˡ
ҶƵ鱻ȫңҲĿĵĸ
ܿ죬˾ͰҶƴһĴǰƿţҲǹҶӣʱϢĵطɣ
Ҷƿ첽УͻȻʵҽСǧ翪ʼڣѾǶˣ
˼һ£شҶӣѾǶʮˣ
ʮˣҶƵͷƺ˼ʲô
ãȥɣ㣡Ҷƻ˻֣˳ȥ
˺ɫȥʱҲǴš
һµޣ໹һʱ䣬Ӧ㹻ˣʱȰƷŷڴʦҴʱȡҶаš
Ʋߵ˴ߣ˵ڴϣһ֮ǰһֱھ״̬֮УҲʮƣ롣
ʱҶԺ֮ǰ¶˵Ļһʱомѡ
ʾҲҶ£Ϊʲôǿɾ˵ˡ
ҶƸǣʱ˷ܵıĻ
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877 Ʒ
ʾȻǺɿ֮󣬴ӻ֮һСʯͷɽ֮С
ⶫӲޱȣһķܴݻˣʾҲΪʦĶһĲ֮΢һʾܹ̥ǣӲǷ
ʦ£ôʱ䣬ҲֻżȻһеõĴָָôСһʾѡ
һСʾǰʹõĲ֮УƳһޱȽӽڼƷľƷۣ
ۿ˵ⱲĳɾˣƾһСʾһļƷ¾ܹʦһԾΪˡ
ɽʦһˡλʦյĿĶҪȥܶİɣ
Ϊ񽳣һЩһķܶĿ꣡
ǺźʧˡˣûгԽƷǴﵽ˾Ʒ۷壬˵ҲһЦƷ۷壬ɻǾƷô
ΪԼⱲӶû취ԸˣΪʾǿϰ
һΣǳ׵׵ıˣʾôʾļƷϰ
ּĲϣԼǿַ˵ĿһļƷ
ǴϹ֮ûĳļƷҲΨһһƷ
˵һеϣʾ֮ϡʾϣҲڿã֮䣬Ѱһ˿ϣĻ֣
ô޴ʾ켫ƷĲˣʣµģľַˡ
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յ֪ϢҶҲǸ˵ĲˣʱǷϲģ·ڻӳǰ
СӣʾϷϷ֤꣬ŶڣһļƷϷҪκαֻ꣬ϣԸƷ˵⻰ʱȫڲһӸλʵǿϣĺѼ飡
ҶҲµļסˣ˼˺ôһᣬžӦµʾԼУҲһӲĲ϶ѣֻ´ʦУܷӳԭЧã
µĿƶҶҲǰʾ£Լúڡ
ƷţʾֵԿһļƷˣҶֻ΢һᣬ;ȫ£ƾǺܶġ
µܹΪ񽳣һƷˡΪⱲ붼ûʵˣ˭֪ҸôͻȻֱӳµͷԡ
ʲôҪҲһҪϣΪΪΨһģҲĻᡣ
ҶѡţŵĲ£¶Ƿݿȡִˣġ
۾ҶƳԼ滺һԼǽ񾭡һһķЩ޷ӦĽࡣҲòҵϢʱ䣬ڣҪúһ˼·
£ȫĵģȻҲƷŸʾˡ
һȥ磬ҶҲϰ֮䣬ȻѸٻ
ôţҶƸо糱ӿһƣϮڴ˯˹ȥ

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ͻȻһҶһӴϱȻڳ˯Уʶȴһֱעġ
ʰһ£Ҷƴţǰһ¾޴Ӱסйߡ
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ذ֣Ҷ¶һ˿Цݣ
ôŻذСƲƲ죬ѾͻƳΪˣôɵľ綺
Ҷƴ˸츳ԾĿ죡
ƶ죡ҶһۣһµϾҪˣʱȥˣ
ذСͻȻڵ֣ذ㣿
ƽϵЦݲ䣬Ҳ֪Щʲô
Ҷƶ˶٣ŵ˵ͷȷǳңҲһʶģ
ʵûҪʲôֱӰɱˣҲûκģذСϿҵǼһҵõܣûУ⿿ĽǮŶѻɾ硣ˣҲ˷ʳԴ
֮дһ˿мҶƶУҲǰࡣ
û뵽һ棬ȼƶȾȻɭϣ
ƾذС̳˵ݣɱ˵ȷ㲻ʲôʮҪɵʵǸһЩȨģ
ţ´ҵĻҿ϶ˣҶһЦʵԼҲ֪Ӧû´ˡϾذ޺ذСʵԲٴԼġ
ãл˵ˣ֮ǰһΰɣذСЦ
Ҷǰһ뵽ǸŨţ̲ס촽
֮ǰ¾סСǧҶϰĻַҲǶΪԼŲСİġ
ǸʱѾɵıԵһٷȥԼͻҲԶˡ
Ҳ̲סʮڴˣǿߣЦݣһٷȥ͸оͻƵֳһٵĻҲǿ϶ܹȹסµľġ
ذСڴģҲǹЦãһΣǾͳԸʹ죡ߣ
˵꣬ذСһȵĳ֮ǰǸȥҶذϼţһ·Ȼ˵עġЩ˿ذСһæϹ
ԿذСڼĵλĺܸߡ
ǴڣذСֱӷԸȥ׼ϲˡԼߵǰǾ޴ϡ
Ҷۼ⣬ƺϴγԷʱ˲١
ҶƸҲ£ԿǶٴҲʮڴġ
ܿ죬˾ͽһһӶſټĳ˶óƿװŵľƣذСˮͰһľƱ֮С
ôһƿƣװľͰСľƱ
ȻֱַҶƺһƽϺɫɢŨƾϢ
ǲǰĿθˡ
ذСֱӶľͰһľƱЦٷ͵ǸеķɣԺлᣬǵöң
˵ţֱľͰôƽȥཹེ˸⡣
ôһͰθƣֱӱһڸɵ;޵׶һ㣬ͰƾôϢıȥ
ҶƸҲоƣЦȥҺ𳩿죬һںȥϸ·Ծһ㡣
Ũϵת˸оƮƮһ㡣
˺ɫĸϽϵĸƿһ۵л˿˿Ѫ˿Χ׺ŷḻĽϣʳ󶯡
ذС֪ʲôǿֱӾųȥҶҲʾţպպҲֱӵ
˵Ѫ˿ҶëѪĸ֣պ˽֮ȫûаɬ෴ۿɿڣ˱ǡ


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ⶼؼģؼÿһţҶƾ͸оڵ˼֡ٶȥȳٷԼֱӵɵ۷ˣʱͻƣ
ذСһ߹У׽˼£ֱȥ˹ͷĴڣ˵һ˿һԱյӪ˷ѡ
ŬĽеʳȥʵ֣ȥ´ʦôûбѣ
Ҷҡҡͷһ´ʦһˣҽ˺ܶĻ֪ʶҲûйĵҡ
ŶذСһǻǲ˼鰡ҿǱ´ʦֵѡ²װ
ҶƹһЦû˵ʲôԺ֮ȴ֮ǰ¶Լ˵ĻСӻͣĻַذСһµʱڻͨû뵽ֻǰ£ˣţ
ҶȻûʲôȤַʱãҲǿ֮еģͿôˡ
ӿռĹҶǳⲻٶȵĿͨһɾԼſռȥ
ΰݷ´ʦҶΪԼʵǿ˲٣ںӿռ빥ֶε򣬻ⲻսȭףǼġ
ټ´ʦо޹ص鰡һôã´ʦһЩʲôذСٴμһУʵ
ûʲôֻ´ʦ˿ҵƷţҶ룬ǾʾϢϾ´ʦذϼҵϯʦΪܵƣȻΪذϼҷġ֪´ʦҪԼһЩôذϼҿ϶ǲӦġ
ȻҶƸذСĹϵܲ˵ǲ˵
ΣذСǰһ˵ƷǼƷѾȷˣһ´ʦ
´ʦ˵ûлٻܹκһƷֻϧҶ̾˿Ҳź
ذСͣ¶ʵҲûʲô˵ʱתҵһƷأ
ذСĻҲǶЦһԳʳ
ذϴ٣ɱˣƷֲ·ߵĴײˣô˵񵽾ͼأƲƲ죬æһڣղΪ㱻ҭס
ⲻڰοذСһ޹۵Цġ
Ҷ³һͷŵʵһһĿģѯһ´ʦܷЩٻĵطԭ
ذСҲϵЦݣʵ´ʦô˵ģ
źҶʼ磬ܹʣµƬû޸ġĿǰûʲôܹƷϵЩȱڣƷű֮żȻãȥѰƬȥأ
ûʲôϵοҶƣһӣı˳죬ֻҪס仰㹻ˡ
ҶתͷȥݺݵһۣҧгݵôһЩ
һȥҶˣתȥԼʳˡ
ϵʳܿͱľ⣬ʱ˼Լˮ
ٷԵľͱȽϿˣʱ˽ԶԵ㡣
Ҷһۣǰ˸߸һĹͷһô࣡
ʲô˵ҳԵöࣿذֱʾҶƿŵĽеͬʱذСȴذСǰɾĺܡʱ뵽ذСǲ¹ͷġ
ذСЦţһЦһ߱ԹôоֱСˣ
ҶƸһۣԶԷеЦ⣬漴תͷȥͬûȷӱСˣӣӵĴ

߳ذϼҵΧǽҶҲתͷȥذ֣ˣҲϿȥɣ
ذСվǰ˻֣ãҾ͵Ժʱ䣬Ҫ氡
Ҳǵͷõذϴ٣һݷã
Ҷƻ˻ȭͷȻû˵ʲôȴܺõıԼ뷨
ڣ
ڣ
͵ظգԽԽСĸֽһ̾ϢҲתȥ
ǵٶȶܿ죬ڿпٵǰţԵķڶԺХ˸оǵһ㣬ϻۡ
˵ʵ˵ĵϻҲûʲôо
ûƷţֻƾ˫·Ҳٶȷɿ졣
ֱȥƴʹɣܹʡʱ䣡Ȼ·ȥڶҲ˽⣬ЩطƴʹҲĺܡ
ҶƵ˵ͷҲӰȥ
ɽ˺ͷܶҶƣһǰֱ˽ȥ
ҲһʹȻͬμҵĲҵ
óöƷʯƴʹ֮УҶƽ
һâѾٴγǴ״֮Сﲻ͵㣬Ĵ͵ֻеһĴλãҲǺܶࡣǺöഫʹļ㣬Ȼвˡ
ⴿ׵ĴԻ׵μڶĴʹࡣ
߳׵ǰǺ嫵ĸҶҲǲɵĵװ̾һȥ
ȻѾǵһμˣҶȻûа취סĨ𺳡漣񹬵漣֮ǣ
ɵȥϷֺʯʮķ˪³ˢ֮£Ȼɽ㲻
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ΪʲôذСƷͬĳԸȴôȻͬأƺҶʳ⡣
˰ɣˣֱˡذСһҪ̲ס׽ĸоûκμӣ˭̸ƷɣȫǰޱߣĿˡüͷ
ˣûʲôϵҶƴ˸ǷЦذСٷҶҪͻˣ
ҶƵĻ֮ǰһҪͻˣҪɣʱ仹ЩҪͻƣȻȥҹˡ
ˣܹѹͻƵϢʲôʱͻƾʲôʱͻƣҶƹһЦں
㱾ӰûУü˵о棬û뵽˾ȻܹѹͻƵ֮ǰǴû˵ġ
ҶƸ˲ͬɡ
һҸоתٶȷǳ죬ֱҪԼһأҶ̲סĸ̾
һֱһˣٶҲɱӣģ˵ⷬɫȴ˲ˡֻҶں棬ûз˿̵쳣


879 ֮
Ҷûа⻰ϣΪڿЦһЦӦãһһᾭһԴӼذСƷ֮ҲžԼʵ̫ˣĿǰ˵Ҹû취ǿ⣬ұҪŬԼʵ
ҶûԼ˼Ҳǲһ˿֮ɫͷҲû顣
ҶƲЩп̧ͷ˫û뵽ȻôҸоһò˶þܹԽǣţ
ǲҵĹ֮ͣʥĵĹ̲ͣƺˡ
ҶƲЩԾæ첽ǰһǷ֮ɫʱ뵽ԼĸԼľ״类ɱˡЩҾĸԭΪԼ֮ʥĵĻҲֺ
ҶƲ֪ôοЩ޴룬ֻ˵Ҳ̫ѹˡǵĳԼȵʵ㹻ˣһҪɱ񹬣Щ˸㹻Ĵۣ
˵ЩʱҶɱ֣纮µƮѩ˻Ҳɱ
ԭǵ䣬ȷ뵽Щ飬ָǸҶһڣ˲䶺ˡ
ʲôǵĳ𣿸ʲôϵһ㣬Ҷơ
ľҵĴ磬ĸҲô͸ûϵҶǿʶ
һӿ첽ҶҲϽ첽ȥ
ҶƵһҲʱӰ֮˳ɫҲ˲١
һ·ϲţܿߵƮڵĴȺǰ
ʹ鷳ȥͨһ£ŵʵ
һҲǼæϹӣ˾أͨˡ˵ֻҪˣֱӽȥ
ãлˣ΢΢һЦҶƿ˽ȥ
ƮӹȻվеȺʱˣ˽ϸһ˿ЦݣȤôǶһһ֮ˣôģ
ˢһºˣ˵ʵԴĸĸ񹬵ɱ֮ƮӸĹػһҲʮּ¶ġ
ڶ񹬹ǰƺָֻǰǸС֮ǰɱ˲գۣվڸ֫Ѫ֮еģȫһˡ
ͻôܲƮºͣ
ţǵĹˣͻƵɣæ˵ͷж˷֮ɫϾܹõƮһ佱ѾǺܲ׵ˡ
˵츳ʶϳˣԸ㣡ôȥȻһ·˳磡ˣ㾭;ЩˣȥúϢЩҪ˵Ʈһ˿Ȱ֮ɫǷӾǿԼŮһ
õĹˣȥˡæͷת˳ȥ
һʱʣҶƸƮˡ
ȥ˰ɣƮ΢ЦҶƣȻ󣬵ȴҶһִԼʲôܶԷˣ
ϾƮӵʵţҶҪǰʲôĺѡ
ǵģҶʵʵĻش
޸ǼƷôƮӼʵȻ֪ҶƷ·Ҳϰָо
´ʦûиұֻ֤˵ԡҶƻشĺܹϣʱµȷûκαֻ֤˵ԣ˵ǿ޸ġ
ƮҲû϶עҶƣЦˣʱ֮Ҫ׼ȫ϶Ѿ׼ˣԤͿ
һϢҶƵ˵ͷȴûжٱ顣
죬ȥú׼һ°ɣУ׼ãƮͻȻʵ
ҶƳ˼һᣬ֮ڣҿ϶
ôƮӵ˵ͷμĲϣܹ֧ʱһҰɣͨʱ֮󵽴֮ڻһصʱ֮һ֮ڣʱͨصɽ
ԭˣҶƻȻһĵ˵ͷԭʱ֮ôõġ
ҪмǣһҪڰ֮ڻ޷صɽˡƾʵܴǿռݣֲٴηԡƮɫĶҶ˵
ҶƱȻصĵ˵ͷ
Ҽסˣ
һҪסû㿪ЦҪμģƮѵõʹĿҶ˵ҲҶͷ
ˣҲûʲôҪԸġˣ񹬵ңңûƮһ·⡣
B𣿻ûҶЩɵ˵֪ƮͻȻʲô̬ҲʮֵĽԼ˵ʲô
Щ˰Ӧúú׽׽ϾԺ񹬿ĻȺһƮ̾˿ȥ塣
ҶƴӲƮӣһ֮֮ϵȴͻȻ֣ǰΰͬɽӰƺҲԵЩɣˡ
ˣҡҶ뿪ڸƮ˵ЩʲôǻӲȥ
˵ʲô˵޷Ʈӻ˻֣ȵ
ƷɣԼذСҶǲ󣬵ʵȴǳһأҡҶһ
ƮһüЦǲǼ֮󣬸оԼЩܴ죿Щţǵǣ
ҶƵ˵ͷûҵȷһĸо
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ǵʵǵľ磬㽫һҲﵽǵĲǵĸ߶ȣ㽫һҲ׷ϡƾ츳ʣԽҲǲѡ浽Ǹʱͻᱻ¶ĸоΧ֣ᷢʵж֣ǿУһôҸ飡
Ķ֣ǿУǻ޲㣬ǰǻ̼㣬ͣҲΨһĶúðհɣȫ԰ǵֽ׶ҪԽĿ꣡ԼԵģƮҶֻͽҶеĿȫ⡣
ˣǶԵģҶƳĬãŵ˵ͷ
ˣʲô𣿡ƮԶľɫͻȻڵ
Ҷ˼һᣬ˵ûʲôˣˣȸˣ
ãҸ˵ҲôˣԼú룬סλ桢֮ӣʧȥɣƮƺЩƣ̫Ѩ
ҶƺʶȤ£ת˴š
׼תʱһֵŮӱ
ðȻ


880 ͻȻʧ
ʮ壬ֲȣڶУҶ΢΢üΪʮֵϤһ˲벻𾿾˭
عͷȥҶȻһžӳԼǰֻвʮףҶƶܸܵĺڲϵĳԼǿꡣ
Ҷһܵĺ˫ͫѸپ۽Ůϡ
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BȻûĹòȻɼǿߣһСҲҪǡ
νӢѹ˹أBֻˮˡ
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ôҳ𣿡BüëԿʮֵ죬ƺ۸ҶƵá
ҶڿǽҲǣҲǡεļæ̧ͷʮȽ죬һ²ؼ߸߹ģǺܿ죬û취ôȥˡΪԼؿڱһȵĻһ˲оµë׶ſˣʮ̰
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Ҷƻýأ̲סһҪԱ߿ڿŰ
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ҶߵĽǶȣܹBĿڣĹֱӰĿУ޲ֱС
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Ҷ͵˸գ׼عͷѰ
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֪ǣڸղָ־ʱһĨɫҲ֮ȥǱڡ
ĨɫǵҶڻɱƸʱ򣬷ܶġԼҲ֪ڱĪǱ˽ȥҲûж롣
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Ĳ֪ղƺǱ˲ٿסһ㣬£ҶƼڵ
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BһҲҶƸղǷǱǣղŵҶƾǲġҲӦˣԼղŲֻ붺һҶƶѣȴû뵽ˣȴ
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Ҷƾ˫ֱʾͶ
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ιǱҰҸ첲ҪϵˣС֪ʵǿ𣿱߳ԣϢڶ棬Ϊʲôҳ

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֮УҶţ˼顣
ʱ䣬ȻвҪ޵ʱڣԼľߵɡϾԼ֮ǰѾܵɶˣҪͻƣӲѹס˶ѣʱȻֱӱʱˣ
һҶϴŵЦݣ͵ذеγһǿţڵݺݵѹȥ
޿ƥеԼҶƵһ·ͻͽֱӳɵľ֮У
ҪѴ֮ܽף
ʶ֮УĿǳ͵Ư𣬽ͷų˲ҫ۵ĽɫâӴ֮ҶڣĿبȼŽɫǳҶƴӴҲʽΪɣ
һˬľ޺ͻȻ𣬽ϢֵĲҶƵԼķʽ֮е˷֮⡣

֮УƮЦݣƺղŷһжʶ֮¡
֮ǰBҶƣԼһԴ׵Ļ棬ֱӸƮԺ֮С
ε̾˿ЦѾͷԽԽʡˡȻҶСӶ飬Լûвɣ֪ŮĪ
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˵ǵģǡƮͻȻЦˡ
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882 ʱ
ͻˣͻˣҶ˷ܵ˫ȭ˫֮ϲ֮ɫɣ̶ϰ꣬ҾʹһɽΪɣ
ҶƺţΪ֪ӵٶȵģɽ磬Ҳָ޷ǶһЩȫԴбĽӰˡţҶƻܹƾ豾츳ȫѹġ
һϲɫƿ˳ȥ
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һͻƣֺķʱ䡣ʱȻƮѾȫ׼þ͵Լȥˡ
ҶƲǳĴΧľɫò˵񹬵Ǻģһ漣ĸڣǿƼɱߣɶ繷ƾôһ㣬ǵ֮Ψһǡ
ǰBȴţǵɫʮֵƽֻƽɫ֮£ڲһ˿ʧ䡣
Ҷ鵹Ҳʮģûע⵽ЩϸڣȻ˻֣ĸŮк
BЦȻüڵҾ磬˵һӶ޷ǵĹ磬ֻϧȥˡǣི֮飡ýҲиŵ˽⣡
Ҷ붼ûֱӴӦˣСҪ˵ûʲôѵġ
ƲƲ죬ԵBһۣBƺһ˿ĵ⡣
֮ǰԾܿʵҲԴ׵ʱ
һĻ˿ǿҪ
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棬Ҷȴûκιܣ֮ǰֻ붺һŮѣȫû뵽ôҵķӦ
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ô˵һʶһа֮ʵҶƶ˶٣һĽŵ
ðɣɣҲûʲôȰģƮӵ˵ͷ
ˣ˵ɽа֣֮мʤ㣿ҶƺͻȻ뵽ʲôʵ
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⡭Ҷ𺳵ĵɴ˫ۣҲû뵽ƮӾȻš
Ϊʲôô϶Ҷһʱ˲٣ʵ
ʱ֪ˣƮûиҶƣǴ˸աҶץҲĴ𰸡
ˣʱˣƮ΢΢Źɳ©Ҳǵ˵ͷҶ֣ʾһЩ
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ƮӴȤǺķ˲ٵĲϲǿĿռͨɲҪҵȥأ
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һ־޴Բ¼ռСգ·һ̾ͻҵͷϡҶܹϵľ޴غΰɽ·ߣ
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ԶʱƺͲ֪޺𣬱˴˻صŰϢ
ҶƿԼ壬֮ϣ·ȥһֱ׵ľ޴ѨѨȫΪɫǺɫĶһһģһͲϵһһϣʮֶģ
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ΪһˮԼڣһ̣ҶƵ˲٣Ũİɫδ֮ǰѸԶݡ
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ҶٶȺε֮죬˲Զ룬ǧ⼸ϸߵɽ괦
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ЩﶼǵɵʵǿҲ֮ף൱ɶѡﻷ˵ǵҲΪôأ
磬Ķأ
仰˵Լʱ֮ȥ˺δ


884 İλ
ҶһʹԼƽڵҪĿǣԼӦȥӦԽͻ״
ĿǰȷǣԼûлص磬ĻԲ硣磬ʵﵽһ̶ȿȥɽг˱ǵĶԼŨ̬֮󣬲ûκοԱյ
Ϊʲôûлص磿
ҶΨһ뵽ľƮӶֽţ
߼ǾסõģƮʵǿᣬҪʲôֽɱԼͲӦôӦԼЩҪ󡣰Լ͵ʲôĿ
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ôһֽͣǾԼڴ͵ĹУʲô
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Ѫɫ£ɢĺ⣬ͬһɴ˴֮ϡΪˣʹĹߺܲΪҶĿˣܼҲûԶ
ĻоܲƺʲôסҵҶüͷʵжסôֻ࣬ɽʱԶȥտ֮еŸоܿ죬иûȥ䣡
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޾֮·ҶƿǻŲټƷʯģ
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زȥĻԼЩƷʯһյʱ򡣵ǸʱûҶƣֻܿǿȥսˣҸղſЩ˫ͷӣһʵǿ˵ֻͬڵɵľ磬һʤ࣬ʤǿ˵Ǿ޴ĸͷ⿴һ̾Ŀ־弡⣬ܹԹˡ
˼һᣬҶƷ·ĻҵϱɽҪӵö࣡ĿǰӴߺܲҲΪǣû䣬ʱⲻ󣬵ǳʱĻˣ
Щ˫ͷźǿĹԣ඼ǵɵʵ϶֮ǿԽǿԽӦ٣Ƕߣͷ˫ͷһϾӣǵĵλҲ߲ȥҶڰɽԹԵķʲô
Щ˫ͷӲԶ빥ͷŵĶҲܹʵ˶ֹ
ҶƵʶһԲ㣬ĳ˷ɢȥӸտʼİ׷Χɢǧףף
Ҷƺǽһ⾳֮У˫ۣ͵ؽ˻ʱʸ˳űʵֱߣǰ֮ɷ裬һĽõͼ֮ϳ¶ߣҶƻӱʵٶԽԽ죬ٶȼ죬ڿֱӴһŲõĽɫڴ֮ϣűš
˿̵ҶƣͨԼʶΧһл̻֮ͼܿ죬ҶƷһƬ꣬ϵĸߴǧ׸߶ҵɽܲһɽ˸о﷢š
ʶ̽鵽ԵʱҶͻȻһΪԵȻĺۼ
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Щӿ˵ǧٹ֣ҶƿǵӶ񣬲Ŀ
еͷҪ󼸱ѲӸѹϡеĲϸͷ­Ǿʯһڵţǳªеسһ´ţӴһ𣬿ӵĶ
ʶϸ̽飬ҶƷƬشΧɽסжһʱжϣÿһٶгֻڡ
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е˴֮еĻ໥ɱ¾Ϊĵǣɱ¾˫еһʤֱ֮ӾͻὫֵʬԵ
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ʵͬʱҲڿٵţܿ죬һͻȻѿһӣһֻ˶ͷ­ðҲһȦ͸ղҶ˫ͷ죡
ԭ֮ŸֽģҶüͷԹԵķ
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ԭλ棬ȼƶȸɭϣ֮ɽ磬Ҫп࣡ﾺ棬ȫڹ˳ҶҧأչȥĻҶֲпλ棬ЩʵҲҪƽǿɽܶ࣡
Ϊһһβɱ¾֮ʵģɽȫȻ⿿֡
ҲΪʲôҶɽ磬ܹԽ׸ɵֵԭΪȫڵײƾԼʵһһɱģѾһʬɽѪ·ˡ
뵽ҶƵֲһ£ͼ֮ϵһʡ
һʣҶҲһ
׵ĵͼѾȫˡЩɽ֮е֮⣬Ա߾ֻ˫ͷӻˡ


885 
ЩҶҲԵЩƣ룬ٰ˻ʱǱ軭Ĳͼƺ˲仯Ϊʵ壬ҶץС
ֻǸ׵ĵͼҶһЩطȡ֮õͼ¼ܱ֤İλ棬ȥҶư¶˾ģ֮֮Լ˫֣ͬһƬǬ
ͼѸٵɨһۣҶ͵̧ͷʶһոսɵ
ܿ죬ʹ⡣
ɽɽĶѨڴһӴĹ۾ɨɽµĵطƺЩмڸЩ͵ȵΪ飬ӺЩȲô죬ƺǾġ
ң׳֫쳣ִɽһƶɽҶ֮ѡΪЩ˫ͷӷǳͬǣҪһЩֻһͷֵıȴ˿֮ǰЩ˫ͷӲʵҲڲ֮䡣
۾һһС˸͵ĹâǴŵɫճҺ壬뵣ƺ뵵Ķɢŵζ
Ҷ׼һ֣ҲǵɵʵҶƲҲǿԺɵĸɵ
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ģ˵ʵǿҶ˵ڻҶѣԾɲ֣ΪƱػᾪλǿߣûϤ֮ǰǲôðա
ҶƲǰУٶȻӣֻǼ˸Ѿ֮ǰɽִΧѾõɽ档ƮȻں£ԼϢȫǶϢ֮С
ȻɽͷҶڽӽɽĵطͣʶɢ׼ȷİΧһС
ҶڵλþѾףĶɽԺеʶתȻԿ϶ﲻԼĶ֣ҪЧȴϿֻսʤɱô򵥣ҲԨλĵһսҶƸ
ΪҶΪ˶Ըһɼô̫ˣʵҶԼ뷨ڲԷʵԼϸ֮ǰҪɫĸɵ֣ǱȽѵġ
ĺӰȻ˸һɲǼƾʧҶٴγֵʱѾ׸ߵӴ
ǹķӦٶȱҶԤлҪһЩӴ徹Ȼת˹Ҳֻüһѡ
䣬ǿǿȵĴ̼ΪֲļʸȻǹͷҶƸǹԭʼѹȣ
ʱһޱŭӹз޴ϣзⶼŲŨɫȻǰҪŨϡ
ҶƿǹҲ͵һҧݺݵһϹȭ¶ֱǹ°ϡ׵ӴֱӺȻأ°ͱҶ顣
Ȼǰһ°ͺܿͱҶֱӴ飬޷ѶϢĽҲɧһ£ָܿƽ
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ǹڵϲͣĳ鴤ţɷŨĶƺҪƾɫĶҶƻܡ
ҶվĸĳЩɫһĴڣʴԼǿҿȥֻȴżǿĸԣԼᱻţһ֮̾ͿʼӺ͸ʴԿ϶źǿĴȾԡ
һˣǿ϶ûа취ֵطġ
ҶѾֱּĶˣֻЩѡ
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ϧ߱ҶƸߵ̫ˣվţԣ˫ֻܴҶͷϷӹѡңҲֻһĶѾƶ
ΪҶƺݺݵһȭ壬һɲ̵Ȼը֮ըһ޴Ŀն
ǹﲻĵĵ£һһС۾֮У͸󲻿˼֮ɫƺţԼȻôɱɵˡ
ģǹ۾֮еĲɫ𽥵ȥȫʧ
֮УҶĸоɫѪҺϴӹĿڱǡ۾Լϸõ˿ʶЩѪҺǱճģ޷֧ѪҺת鵽ѾˮʯˣȻûܵġ
Ҷλ治ʲôӵԼ꣬ȴûԼ
ΪǴ󲿷ֶһ̲õѣһЩȫһĴڣֻӵ꣬Բܹ
ȵǽһ̶ȣǻģǻǲ̫Զˣ
ҶȻ޷ͨоԷ״̬ȴͨĸожϡ
ԼղһȭȻǺǹ壬ʵǡðѹڵˣɢȻҲˣһѸõɽ
ǰ֮ѾϨˣ൱ڵɣķȴȵǿˣƽʵĻɼĹ϶ǼѶԸˡ
ЩֻλײҲڻһĴڡȥ϶ǿĹҶţλǸɽߵȵλ棬ʵʲôࡣ
ɽӵ棬ֻܿԼʵð١
ŪЩҶƺҲõһЩ֪ʶԺȻҲ
ұҪ뷽跨ĻһЩϢȻܹƵͼҶλһ֪ҶЩյԴ֪ӦôǺá
ͻȻǹʬ֮Уһϸ΢ɫڿƮţƺǱҶƴ֮û뵽Ȼ
Ҷһæְɫ֮֮Уʶϸ̽УҪѶϢ
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ôһ켣͵ȵĲ߿ѡֽ·ߣҲ಻ͬֻǿڵ֮ά֣ûϢĴڵģҶȻֹȻû̫ĸʶѲǵ֮ҲҲʲôõѶϢ
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ҶǿеĴ̫̫ˣۿǧͬʱ̿˫ͷֵ峯ɽȥɽСģ˫ͷԭסɽΪƾ裬ͬʱܵķŻ١
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Զɽ֮ϵȺͬ࣬˫ͷһƬǰĲ


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Ѩħֻ˸ͽ˫ͷΣյľءȻȲȲ֮ġ
Ѩ֩˫ͷ˺ܳһڻ£ֱӰճɻҽѨħȻȫͬ
Ѩħֽ˼˲˫ͷǷֱֵһ鸯õ׸֮аݳŴԽԽ˫ͷҲǲϵŭţһֱôȥĻ϶ᱻ
ùսʿĽ壬ۼˣҲǵײ˼£ŹһŰĳֱԼٶ˫ͷ壡
˫ͷ񱻴ţӦʵûбжƾǱ׾ĲҲ޷ܹȥ
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ĻҲһУֱҶƣҲɵüֱ飬˸ֵסӴļХ
ļХ˫ͷͷ­ƺЩˣͺҪֶס䣬ΪƣδԸ
ڼХ֮£ȲҲƵתͷ˫ͷ˹ȥ
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ͷͬȲҶҲǸоԼս֮С˵Գ֣ô϶սԲᳬӾͻڲٿ˫ͷʵҲֻȲļѡ
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֮ǰᴩ˵ĴԱߣٴα͸һ˲丯Ҳ˾ѡ
Ҷƿ˫ͷ壬͵ſ죬ֻͷ­ͬʱӴĻ棬Ǿ
˭֪ǾͲηһգ±治ţûʲôЧǴΡ벻˫ͷڡ
һͺ˫ͷ·˿ֻȭͷֱԲˣǰϡǴޱȣôһǵûбƻʹ˫ͷҲ
Ҷ˫ȭ߬侲Ĺ۲ţƺʲôԲߡȲȻиȱ㣬ͨǵĳ֣ҶҲǵʵԼֶΡ
Ĳ˵͵ػǴĵƺҪƿõģʵȴǹǸеġ˫ͷʹȫԾûܸǾ
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ۿ޷ѴҶҲˡ˫ͷʵǿô֮ѾǿҪͻƴƬĵȲˡһòϣҶƲŲô𻵣
ʱѾҪֵʱˣ˫ͷۼСɽ»кԶҲᱻᱻĻͲᱩ¶١
뵽ҶҲûжϻ͵һŵ棬ڵһȥ֧лĳ
ȻǱͻȻֵҶƸסˣҶû˷κʱ䣬һ֣֮иһֱӰ֧Ϊޣ֮СţҶٶȷɿ죬͵شֻһӰƺʲôۻңʲô
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ҶƵӰ֣ͷдһ˿΢Ц
̧ͷҶƲмӣЩѾһˣǶ˵ֻ־ܹڻҶѡ
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⣬ǵѨħļ׿ƺҲܱסҶ£ֱһĴ壬ֱӱҶƵھ飬Ϊ޹ѪС顣
Ļ꣬깥ҶһöûСҶֻǺݺݵһۣӴƴֱϯĻɱ
Ѹײڶֻ֮ȲҶҲĴ˳һЩȲ
˫ͷƴȫ˴ǼʵؤͻȻ˽ɽɽһ㣬ֱܿӿٱܹùֵ֮ڡ
˫ͷߣ糤ˮһߣٵĽ֮ڡּڵѨħ֮ԼĻ֮𣬿ٵա
֮ƺҲ˼֣ԵøӵĽ׳ˡ
ҶƶԲһۣսһʼֻһȫһвŻĻսͻһֱⶼƾ費ıġ˭˵֮սҲǲ֪
Ҷƽ˿Ȩ˫ͷܵĿʼɵϵѪ⣬Ĳ֮𣬶ҶƵʶҲصԼļ֮Уղż¼һнй
ÿһԼ¼Ĳﶼ֪ͨԼ˫ͷļһķ͹ֻ࣬ϢǺģʹҶƵʶҲķʱŰеϢС
ͨϸķҶƷ֣Щ￴ȥȻ෱࣬ʵȴ̫ࡣ
֮ǰһɽϵĲȻֻҿȥòͬʵȴֻмѡ
òͬĸԭڸԽĳ̶ȲͬҲͬĶٲͬ
ôĻҶƺЩʲôλ棬ﵥλ߿ѡкö·ѡԺԼ˫ͷȥѨ֩룬Ѩħ롣սʿù֡꣬Ļꡭ
ȵȵȵȣô࣬ôǿߵıܵġ
ͨ󲿷ּƬҶƵóһۡǾĶ棬һȽǿĲۼءҲĵȲҲΪĲ
˫ͷأżҲĲ棬ȻǼٵġ
͸һ֮ҶҲȥûʲô˼ͱҪѾƶһļƻǳǸľۼظȥ˵̽һЩϢ
Ȳ˵ܹǿסЩѾܲˡ
Щ˫ͷƺʲôɽһŤһŤĳ߸
ҶüͷæصһƬʯ֮Щ˫ͷ񣬶ǲ鷳ѡ
Щ˫ͷ񿴵ߵͬ࣬ҲǵšҶΣ֪Щ˫ͷ˶ߣϾղſԾһսģôʲôоأ
ǣҶֻܿ˫ͷصȺ֮С˫ͷļ䣬ȫԼ£ӹ
ջԼʶ֮Ҷư̾һ˫ͷʵҪͻƵĵȲˣȺ֮Уͷѽˣ
˫ͷصȺڣ飬Ҷƾûʲôùĵˡ˫ͷ˵ֻһöʱӶѣù֮󣬾ͳΪˡ
Ҷ͵һ̤֮ϣԽ׸߿գڿշš
ȻǺķҶΪ˾·Ҳ˲ôˡھһû۾ϹӣĴڣѰų·
ķѵüƷʯҶҲر⡣ҪǣϢȻģǾͿ϶Ҫȫ׼ϾԷʵҲĵȲҲ൱ɼˡ
ֻǲ֪Ǽǵɡ
ǶҪˣⲻǻ۵£ûϢֻƾűܻһЩʵǿģżܻЩļƬΣж˼ЩϾֻҶ˵Ȼǿȴӡ
ûӵǿߣҶȫµģ
һ·򶫣ҶƷеٶȼ졣̧ͷѪƺʹԼͷУƺһܽӴ
ֵҶƳţⲻλûа죬ΨһڵľѪ£
´һֱŰϢҶƸоǲ


891 Ŷ½
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ҶڿбţٶȺܿ죬׸߿գ֮ȻҲ಻ǸܷҶƵټ
糺ɫ¹ҶϣӢӳĵʮа졣
ͨЩļ䣬ҶƲܹǸľۼ϶ܽҲ⡣
λ棬ȻҲһɽӴλ档ʵȼ½ķֲҲ
۹ⶢסǰҶƺȻͣס壬ŲԶʴһƬӰҲһ𾪡
˫۵Ĺâһ˵ЩӰףԾǿģ
һȺ֮ϵ𣬻ͨһЩ¶ţһ𡣾޴ĳȶٶȺܿ죬˿켣
ҶĿ⣬Ⱥ𣬲ʮֻ֮࣬ⲻص㣬صȻЩȲ
Ҳ˵һȺʵĲ
ҶȻЩ𺳣ǻӰ첻ǵġ˲䣬¶˾ģ
ܿȺľۼأȻԼѾˣǾûʲô˵ˣ
ֻһĿģǾɱ
Ҷ¶һ˿Ц⼸ʮֻ޷κв˵Ѵ֮ôһȺ
ϾҶƵʵɣ˵ڲλ޷ͻƣǱϾԭʵڣ
ХһҶ˫֮ͻȻɲõĺɫ棬ֵ˲䣬ֱȼյռ䲻϶žڶ֮екɫȫջΪޡ
ЩǧףǼԼѪС۾зëҶƲûȥôֱ࣬ӻһ˹ȥٶȷǳ죬ֱӲɱȺ֮Уӭײ˺üֻЩʵͬɵĲҶײһ𣡾ȻֱӱҶƼ͵ײ飡
ҶƿǼʻģЩҲû뵽ҶƵʵôǿһŭѣſڳҶҧ
Ǽһ˺ҧ϶ܹһƬѪ
Ҷ˫֮ϵĻֱӻգγӴĻڿһ޼᲻ݵĻǽ
̫ףȥΪǿһֻ棬ԸֲֱǴݿһûκ

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ҶƵһ̫׶ԸЧĺãЩ֮ûʣ£
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λ棬ҶûпˮĴڣΧһİ䡣еѪζͻǵĿŻҶԿ϶ͨ˳ʱĿһʲô仯
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죬ҶƲԶԶĿԶʴĽСģʶɨŽ£ȷȫ֮󣬲ſء
һƬԿտĵططúɫʯΧ£ţĲҪٵĶࡣƬտĵطܴƺΧǽյڣһЩػţͨﶼԶҲǧ֮ⲻҿ
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ҪҶΪʲôôⶼΪԣ
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ͳһöƷʯҶ£˼Ʒʯ֮еһ
վҶƾٷУǲǰۼ
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Ҷ۾ڲ˵ʵԽߣȻҲԽԼ˼Ͳ߱һЩܵʶˣĵǻѾͨ˲ˡŽΧǽ뷨Ҳ֮С
ǿߣ϶ܹߵġĸλ棬ˣ
ԿҶƲûʲôȡ
ڽ֮ǰҪһЩ׼
ϵЩеܣԴ󲿷ֵĲﶼȥҶƣΡ
ҪһЩı䣬ԼϵϢıɲԴϢͱȽ鷳Ϊϣǹڿ֮еĺõϢҶƷ˺ôľŰϢŪԼϡ
һУҶǳȥ
ʱŴйĲҲע⵽Ҷƣʱؿ˹Ǵ󲿷ֶսʿһͷù֡
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ʼùûκιƣֱӷͨС
Ҷָָָǲ˫֮һĹâһһٵΪʲôУҲУ
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Ȼ˵ܲɬǱ˼Ҷƻ׵ġ


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𣿡Ҷ˲һ˿ŭӴ˲ǹרڲ͵Ĵɢֱӳùֵѹȶ
ùۿ֮е֮͵زһ£ƺǲһֿ־ҶƣȻֿ
Ҷעù֣Ҳ˵ϻսȭϢĳȭͷϣԾԾԵŤŤ壬͵һȭݺҳȥ
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ǿǲһùֵؿĴɢ˵һùɢܿԭ͵ɫͷ˿ȴԵ˴Ƕһ
紵һ˵۾
Ҷƶջȭͷдһ˿ϲ֮ɫⲻսȭ׶Զ׼ġһȭܹ֮׺ɱһȲ
뵽ⲻսȭ׸ӵһֹЧҶԼһ󼤶֮⡣
ùֱֵӱɢؿڵĹͷҶһȭ֮»Ϊ촷ۣಿֵĹͷֱɢڵأͷҲ๾Ĺ˺Զǿͣס
Щսʿסˣǵ֮дɵ֮⣬˳ҿҶƵߡ
ҶЦѣԼɵЧ͵ؽùֵ֮չٵķеļ䡣
ƬеļУҶƵõ༫ΪõϢ
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Щң޷ǾǴһγ˹֮ĲһҲûʲôΪġ
ֻҶƼеͬǲҪʲộڲλ棬ƵĲ
Ϊʲôô˵أʵλ棬˵ȫʵ棬ɶȥġɵ˭ȻЩʵСĲǼλҪɲ֣ҲλҪʳԴ
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Ͼһ磬ǲᷢģܲﱾܹǣ޴Ĳλ֮Уȴ޵׵ԨڣʶĲߴЩ߾ʳͬʱҲͼʳ
˵Ԩǲλײ㣬ҲҪĻڵĲλ棬ҲͨЩ͵ı˴ɣϽγɵġ
ҶƲ֪ⲻλ澿˶꣬ĽɳϵĽšֻΪλϵĲѾЩԨĵ͵ȲҪǿ̫࣬ԣԨĵ͵ѾʹλĲٷչֻܱһƽ⣬ĽٶȻڲϵĽš
λеңǸԨɵġǿĽ彨˹֮ɾͱֻ֯ǿĲžɵȨͨĲֻΪʳ
ǣΪǿĲͳߣҪʳҲࡣǲһӽвﶼɵĻǾͻʧȥʳԴɱȡѡˣǿĲȦ͵Ȳһϸ񱣳һвɣ̾ͻᱻĨɱֱӳΪǵʳ
ԣλνңʵλǿȦĵطɽӵгк͸ָϵ硣
⵹ҲһȽȤϢ
ԭ磬ôɵģҶйâ˸š
Լ֮ǰЩսʿԼѨ֩ʲôģҲֻǵͼĲѣǽȲӵпɵʵͬˣ
뵽ҶҲǳλʵ֡
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ҶưùԺ֮е֪ʶ鿴Ĳˣֽ֮һԣҲȺսʿֱ̧߽С
ЩսʿҶ뿪һ˷ܲѵùֵ֮𣬾һȺͻʳ˭Ҳ˭˺ţսš
ǿʳùΪȲ֮ȻǿЩսʿôֵסջأ
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ڣʵҲһƬ޴ڣҶᵽŨصѪζһȥһƬɫأͺͺģǱ磬ûκֲɽıĻҪĶࡣ
ȥǧĴƬ֮У֮ǰشɽһǶԼĵϣֻûɽǵضڵɫʯ俪ĵض
İɫΧҶƵ壬һ·ϳǰȥĲҶͷŵǿϢʱעıĿһһʧ˾֮ɫȻǶҶƵģʮ𾪡
ڲλ֮УԽǿĲԽ˻ʼĲǸֳª״˫ͷȡʵĵȲ֮Ҳ˵Ļᡣ
˵ڲλ棬ֻкһֲ
ΪʲôλĲûأԭ򵱳һЩŴⲻλ棬ΪʵȺܿͱλĵȨע⵽
ЩʵȻǿ󣬵ǱϾ˫ȭѵܻ֡ЩﾪЩЭԣȻǱ״óܶġ
Ӵ֮һֲѡ˻һδ󵨵ĳԸðաȻЭϲȻɹˣӴ֮󣬲ڳӽš
ΧЩԶȲӶ࣬мŲȲ
еĲﶼĶҶƣɢŵϢȻ˵ĸоǺǿ˭֪ʵ
˵ģ͹˵˻ĳ̶ȣã
һʱ䣬ЩฺܺõĿסԼ
ֻпʵȭͷӲλеͨġҶƸղŵֶλɱ˿ŵùҲǱٲһ·ǰȥûκβʺǿҶƵĿǿ־塣
еģҶÿһ
жôһ뷨˻˾ȷ˵һĹأôǵģСеĳҲӵζѣԼıȫЭ
Ҫ֪ĵȲﰡʵǿö˵


893 ǻ
ҶڳУûȥôࡣҲ֪ΧЩȻ뵽档
ЩҶƣʮֵľη
Ȼڲλ涼涨߼ﲻͨǣͨߵȲƵģڱ֮СȻҶƱ濴ʵǺǿǸ߶ȵ˻ȴвԵĸеη壡
Ժ֮У˳̶ԽߵģʵԽǿѾΪبŲĵҶƵ񣬶Ǵ˿˿־ľη
ҶƺĿĵļǰȥҪҵĵȲ̽ϢȻƶһļƻ

ʱһͻȻ𣬴ҶƵ˼һ㡣
ҶŤͷȥĿⶢһϡһǿ˫ͷ׸ߵ帩ҶơֻͷƺЩͬʵǿֻС۾֮˸˼Ĺâ
Ȼ˫ͷӵԼʶʵҲѾȲ۷ˣƺֻҪһͻƳΪĵȲĸ졣
ʲô£Ҷü˿ԼݱʶƣֻҪʹƾŨĺڰԪصĲϢǸܱϳġ
㣬˻ܺã˫ͷŬҪԼ˵Ļ
㣬ֻȲգңôˣ˫ͷͷ­һһͣǰ˵Ļˡ
ֻȲ仰ʱΧЩһֻ̰Ȳ֮Ѿʮˣһݵĸó
˫ͷȻ֮ǰҶĶҪǣ˼ǿ
Ҷ΢Цעһһٵ˼ûţ
ϣҶתߣ˿Ըһӡ
˫ͷֱԭأ˺ôһŷӦԼȻˣˣ
꣡
ĺȥ׸ߵһСɽһֱӵҶǰ
㣬˵˵
ԴݶЩŤצ
˵ҶȻɫƽǻȴ쳣նûаֿĿ

˫ͷŭĿһ˫͵޴Ҷֱ׸ߵȻһСɽѹȵ˴ΧĿռƺʵ·һţ涼ܲһ
Ҷû촽Ҳ̧ͷһȭӭȥȭͷ󣬸Ųսȭ׵˲䱬ɽӿˮ̣
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ӴΧռ䣬ЩսĲԶоԼ˰ģڵ֮һȶƺ̼ܵҪ
ͻȻ飬Щﶼǻ֣̿þȫǿסԼȶ֮Ӱ졣
˫ͷԭҶƸԼƴǲмҶСɵ壬Լһȭġ
˵ҶƸ߶˻ĲҶƵʵǿûгȲΪһ㣬ŻҪҶƽ̸˵ķ
ĵȲʵôôѶȵ˲أУ϶ʲôܣ
û뵽ǣҶӲԣһԲϾҪ֣
ԼݺݵĳҶƵ壬ҶƵȭͷһȭҵķ飡
һֱӻΪ촷ۣ
˫ͷֻоǹ޿ɱתͻȻϮӲİ׸ߵӰһģˤ
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Щסһ˿ŭ֮ɫϱ֮һ䶯ܿͳһһ׳ľ޴󿳵
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ҶɨһۣҲû˵ʲôֲĸλ棬᳹׶Ͼ
мƿĿ⣬ҶƼǰȥֻ˫ͷԭطŭĺţ޿κΡҶƵ̫󣬼֮һʱȻҲ
Ҷ֮߳ΧʮεĿҶƵϡ
ЩĿ֮Уֻ۹ĲȻղҶƸ˫ͷսĳѾǿС
ҶһɨȥʱҲЩ𺳡
ܹŶ˼ģɶӵвǻ۵ĲǸ߼ʵ顣Щ߼У󲿷ֶ˻
һΣֻеֱ۳˵㣬еȳ˵㣬ԵüЭ
ⶼΪ˻ŵµ
ˣҲѾҶˡΪʲôΪЩԶǡ
ĵȲ
ҶĿһΧļĵȲȴվﲢûƶ
㲻ЩĿʲôĿǰȻ߲ƣ
ܿ죬һԲ߳ΧȺĵȲＱæѸÿһ
˶ȱȽϸߵˣӢϴŻҰɫĳۣͷɫҲǰɫģһ˫۾˸ǿҵĺ⣬עҶƣȻȤ
ҶƸеȵǣԲϲûʲôŵζûָõĳζңİɫͷУżѩףͨӸ˸
Ȳ
ҶֻоԼĺҪһģĵȲģܹ֮ΪߵȲˡǰԲȻҪ޽ӽˣ
ʵɽĻ൱ң
һĵȲʵһǵ֮䣻Ȳʵǵ֮䣻Ȳʵǵʮ֮䣡
˶ȣǿʵ޲ʾԲǿ֮ĲԶ˸
ҶЩɻ󣬾ʵֻĵȲȻһλȲ
ΧȺУܹľη֮ɫȲƾʵѾܹĲηȽŷˡ


894 
ҶûпڣȲҲûпڣ˾ôš֮䣬һƮڿռ֮ڵʵʣĿԣǿҵĻ⣡
꣡
Ŀ⽹࣬ҶͻȻǰδеӴ͵سԼԺ֮УţЩ޷⣬ǿƣָܴо
Ҷ֪Լľǿ󣬵Ǵ˿Ȼй޴ĸоƺԼһܶˡ
ҶЩĸӣĿԣҶܹĸоԷǿȼյľ⡣
һɲǣҶƻһֻоǱݺһ£ҵʹϮ¼Ҳ̲סĻ
Ȼӵǿľ
˻ҶƵһзŭ֮ɫӣһŭš
˭Ҳûȿڣ·ڽŶԳһ㣬˭ȿ˭ˡ
ΧȺΧ۵ĲҲҳ۾Ķˡ
Ҷƶͷ亹ԽԽܲȲ൱ǵʵ־ѹȵҶƴһɽһѹͷ亹
ȲȻҲܣݵƺ̺Ӣ΢һ˿ҰףעҶƵĿӵ졣
վֳƬ̣̲סȿڵܸоʵǿ
ɳ֮дŴԣڶк˵ûаɬ֮Уһ˲ǿ˲֪ٱ
ҶԣǺɫһһٵǲǿɱ㣬ô
Ȳɫûκα仯ҡҡͷһףҽ
ڰ˲䣬ΧЩĵȲԶɫһ־˺󣬲аֲ
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Ҷҡҡͷûȥסֻ֣ĮȻԲûȤ
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һλĿ¶ãòͬǣѾвָ˸⣬ֻؿںһЩط¶ɭȻ׹ǡҲһ˻ĲǺź˻ƺôɹ
ˣɢʵҲ˲С
һλʵ൱ɵĲ
ˣˣҶŵԼǰãԴһ˿
˼һĵȲȻڱƨɺСܣ˲ˣ
ҶƵĻ̴֮ӿնۿ֮дһַŭƺǱСһ㡣ΪĵȲһ֮УҲǺˡȴô裬ŭ֣
ܳΪ˵£ҵң÷ŭţ֮˸һ˿˿ŭƺŭ
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⻰ˣǶǰ£Ҷ⻰һˣһʱҲǷŭţŭĿӡ
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һͺ̤ǰһǹ޷ѹ֣ڶ𣬾һͻȻεضռΧһƣٲϵĳ𵴳ȥ
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ҶƲսȭͻȻװУҲ˿õãһսƺüޣ
ס֣
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ϵ糱ˮһȥŭҲ˲óΪ˻֣̿˫ʧһ㣬æˣԡԲ𣡡
һûҪ׷ǽֻ̬ȣ˺Ҷһ
˫۶ҶƵӣǰǰɫӾԵעҶƣ˸ŵĹâҲѰζǣһ˿У
ӢӺޱ飬Ұɫͷסգôŵס˲֮䣬ͱ
ֻ˵ŮȻ󣬽ҶƷ֣ԭҲô˧ôջ
ûһ˿ŵĳۣԼȳƵģǷҶҲòϣȲ˻ʮֳɹԼƺҲ˧ôһ㣡
ôţҶһʱоͷƤЩըֽЩⰢϲ˰ɣ
һĭҶʶĺǳҶûȤ
ɵһ£ŷӦҶ˵Ļеĺ塣ѵõ¶һ˿΢Ц˵΢ЦʵѣĻȶôĽӲ
ҶȤһһٵ
㵽ôҶһʱҲЩͷˣǰİﲽƣƺͣʲôףôĲԼսһĻǿ϶䣬ӮˣҲܶǧ
ƾ谢ʵסҶƣ
ҶҲ뷢ҪսⲻλսĿǼģʹżƷʯĲ䣬ҲСϾĿǰ˵ƷʯǲԴһһ飬ҶܹҵƷ
Լù֮ͳ׸ĸô
ƾǿԸһͬײܹʤǿô죡
ʱãҶƾⰢȲΣɵʵΣ
ҪͲܻ
Ҳô룬ֻ㽻ѶѣɫӶҶƣôĴݲȡ
ҶƿյԴˣû취һԲϾͶֵģ˵µľս
ǰ̬ȣҶ׽ְɣԼԷʲôûְɣʵͷʹ
һ֮ҶҲǸо˿˿ŭؼ䡣
˵Ͷ޶ȵģ˵ϰɱ¾Ҷơ˵Ѿɱ֮ģⲢţ㹻ģ


895 ֮
ŰӢҶĺһȭȥԼȭͷȥһ£Ƥж
ôȥҿɶ㲻ˣҶ֮ɫһᶨƣȻѾǶŭ
ռϢ˭֪ȴôһֵ׸סȥ·˵ʲôҪԼѣһĮı飬һ
װƣ̫װˣ
Ҷһŭȥݺݵȥ
ҡҡͷʵҵĶ֣
ԣ
ҶҲ̲סˣеŭһ˲䱬ƺһӰˢĳ˳ȥ׵ľһʱ䶼ûѾϵһץ˰ļͫеϺɫâȻһ
ҡҡͷƺҶƵĹܲϡ
ʱڰΧȻðĵõİɫâƯڿУס塣
ҶƵȭͷݺݵĻ棡սȭ˲ͷųӴһͷݺݵĳײɽ֮ϣɲǼ䷢ı˾
ǣǹâջǽҶƵȭͷˣŲսȭ׵ҶȻûƿķ
ЩһŭĳҪҶȥսȴһֹ֣סˡ
Ǳ£̧΢һλӶһϺɫԲӿն˰ϡûʲôɱҲʲôɱеģֻ䡣
ɫĹâҲӽ𣬻ΪһȦȦ⻷Լڡ
ϺɫԲɫĹȦڿк϶ΪһһԴĦĸĪƺֲ֮ȫǣĸоǺӺң˸㲻״
Ҷȳ֣ҲðŭˡŨķɫâ͸ô಻棬ȻһսȻѾǲɱ⡣
ʲôȵ֮ȥ˵ɣ
սʹ죡
ЩӿҪԳ֣һҲǴ˾ҶƵ۹⣬ͬ죡
˲֣һֱӷųҶƵϡ
ǡ
ҶͨһЩļ䣬ϳר׵һԼˣǽʮֵܣԼʵ᲻ϵıĻ군ˣ
ʹ·磬ٱĻԼȻȻľͲǶˡ
ҶΧͻȻ˸һ˿ɫââҫ֮䣬ӴȻڣȻǿн⡣ͬʱƬսʿͬʱӰܵĵ֮ǰ̵ĳҶȥ
ȻЩСʳʬ˵ǸҶƴ˺һӴϵѾʧ
ֶβǿҲֻ׵Ļܶѣ
Ҷŭһ˫ȭ֮ϵĲսȭƺҲӦٻ˫ȭ·ɣۿٶֱӻȭһʱжžĴ֮֮Ȼܹ󣬵漣
ٻЩսʿҶƼȭϵķ֣ҲҶֱӴݻ٣
Ҷдһ˿˷֮ɫɵʱоȻη壬ǿƺϣôһսһƾеս
Ȳ
һ˫ͬʱ̧Ȼ䣬һİɫ⻷ҶƵĽ£ţǹ⻷˲䱬ӴĹâҶƵȫڡ
ûκԤף·ͳҶƽһ㡣ҶƾǶ㣬Ҳ޴ɶ㣡
׵ֶΣôĪ⣡
ָоûȣеֻǱ䣬޾ı䣡֮ƺŸֻԼҽëȻǰɫĻû¶ȣеֻǼ֮
̹ǵĸоһ˲ʹҶڣǶģǹȴͬʱҶƵꡣһּΪֲĸоǸ󣬲ʵԹûĻ棬͸ǣһȻǿ
ӰʩչʵһѲĶ֣
ԹʴҶƲŲæһɲõĻҶƵĽȼյ̫ף
̫Ѹ߽˹ƻӰһҶѾԭλã֮ǰڵλôõӰһֱ˺ܾãʧ
̸оԼͷŵĹʧȥȼʵĸоƺһˡĹ򣬺ɫĻѾƮȻաȣӴϢϣҶƽ̫׳Ű͵˦˹
ԵϺɫȦֱӵֵס̫׵
ҶƿһĻҲ֡ԼڰƺûʲôЧһжΪԵһϣ
ҶҧҧνֳܿﱸһεĽţ˫һӣµĸоؼ䡣ճһѷ죬һͷȼ̫׵ͻȻѷ֮г֣Űļ̤

ҶҲ̲סʹ˴
ϿԵֵҶƵ̫ףȴ߲ʵĳײ
ҶƴûаãΪҶڴǵʱûиǻۣ޾һһҶãŰȥ
Σգ
üͷⲫǿκζ־ȻôֶΣҲ޿κΣ
𣡡
޳۵͵ſͨƺҲһ仯
Ҷ֪϶ʲôһŭ𣬳Ű͵سٶȼ죬ֱڿдӰ
һȭϲսȭףƺضҪһȭǰȻʧɫǾ춯صһȭ
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ҶƺԼղһȭûдʵ壬϶Ѿܿˣ
ŤͷĴ鿴ʱֻһ϶ʱȼ˰ɫĻ棬ٶһ˲һϣͬʱҲ˶ݵĽӲ
ָо֮У̧ôļѣף
Ҷ϶ǰ֮ʵΪǵĴڣҶƱฺЧʱŷ֣䲻źǿĹնֵ꣬ųٻЧ
ܿ죬Ҷƾ͸оʹ֮д
ʹʹ
Ҷ˫ȭ͵߬Ťſ죬һХҶƿзһ㣬ֱ̰ꡣ
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ֱɢܣһʱɳɢң޴ͷۻ
·˲иһƵģľʹʵҲ޷ܡϢô׾ܹģ
ʱʹıһҲ޷ԼΣӲԶĿռֱӵΧϾҵȼʱҶϢĳǰ˸Ĺâһֱ¡
㳯ܣ


896 ȫ
Ǻǿģɫ˫ֻǾעҶƣ͸һֱӵ˫۾ʹ·Ҳ⵽һּĴ̼һ㡣
û뵽ǣҶƵķ˾Ȼǿֱӳ˵֮У˸޷Ӧ
ͷͣҲܵǿҵĹ
ҶƵϢѾȫˣ֪ǿ󣬱ԼҪǿöֻ࣡۾磬ɣԼֻɶѣ£ôܲʹȫӦأ
ڳʹͻȻֱҶƵĹȴг͵ĿܣһԿ糺֮ͻȻһף
ҶƵƣڲսȭ׵ļӳ£Ѿﵽһ˿ֲĳ̶ȣһô㲻Ҳˣ
ˣСģ
ΧЩĵȲＱæţһƺҪûа˭Ҳǵ˲ˣĺǼصġ
Ӧ죬ɫ֮һ˿֮ɫĿ۽ҶƵ֮ϣ
䣡
ֻһŰɫĻͻȻϢĳҶ֮ϣȹ켣ֶҶ⧲ͺǱӦóҶϵһ㣬ûκεǰԤס
Ȼ֮ͬǰĹ𣬲Ǿҵʹ߬ȭͷͺ
һ̣ҶƲŷֻ֣ƾĿǰЩͲǰĶ֣̫ѶԸˣܹ֣ܹ֮˺ЧûĻ棬˷ʤ
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Щ£һҲ˷ޱȣƺΪ˵ʵǿе˷ܣҶƵһݲм
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ҶеͺţģԼôʧܡһɲǣ֮еƺøӲãĺɫӳĵЩҡ
ܣôܲĶ֣һԵģ
Ҷ˰ǵĮоȻһ˿мǶԼӣ
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Ҷƻ죬ƺǹͷΧܲѷ죬ԶԶӣͷƤ顣
ȫѣֻҪһ𣬾ͻ᳹ը
ΧĲ￴һĻҪŵûɢһˡŵֻܴ˻˻նΪ̫ŤΡ
ЩĵȲһҲ֣û뵽˵°ܽȻܹɲǼ䣬ǿ
ҶƵʵƬ֮õĻɽ緢ڽ
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շ׶桢֭쫷硢ХѣִִڿγӰ񣬻ϳɷ٣أӴ˾̾ҶƵͷ֯޵ݺݵѹ
壬վ˫֮о˸򰢶۾֮Уһţһ˿䣡
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ҶţһŶ£Բʮȫݡ
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ҶѾԼȫʱѾںʲôĲˣ㼫ƷʯҲνΪǶԺˡ
Ŀǰ飬Ǵװ
Ƭ֮پۣγһ޴Сڶ
ڶ·ͨޱ磬һɱںڶŰţţɱ𵴿꣬ȫɱӿƺҪ綼һûնɱ
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꣡
ߵͻȻʣƼʱ䣬ŵȻ䡣
䣡
Ű˵顣Զһɽ˲䱻ѵɽ壬ѣ
Ҷ͵һ̤峯շȥ֮ͣ䣬ͦñֱͷŰ˫֮͸ѪĹâ
ڽ֮ҲǵһȫսĿ˸Ľɫǳ߸ϣԪ񲻶ϵĳ֫Ӵ֧ת
ҶУӰһ㣬ۻϳָӰȭİ壬־ԺУӵ̡
ֻվؼ䣬·˾ͻبš㡢Ψһ
Ѳİ壬ɱ⣬һɲǼ䣬ֱҶꡣȻҶƵϣܺõչ˳֮⣡ڵļƺִԵøӵۻһ
ڹ棬ȫׯϺƴķ󷨣ת
һɲǼ䣬ҶٲĸоҲоâȡ֮ģֱΰѪ罾̻¡
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䣡
Ȼһ磬貹â޴Ļһ𣬽ƺۻ۵㡣
ʱ䣬ռ䣬·𶼱ȫͣ
˵ҲĶ֣ҶͻȻ˰ϣƷâ¶ͨ쳹ƺգŰݺݵѹȥ
֪Լ֮оȻ亹ǣҲ֪һʲôԷʵʵ̫ǿԼȻһֿ־飡
ǿ־
һһԼ
ûǿ־壡
ЩҡҡͷԼѾжãûƷ־ζأ
ҶƿȻҲ˱ʾ͵һȭȭͷ֮ϱѵڣӿޱ׺Ʋɵ
ȭڳջһӣ㡣
սȭ׵ļӳɣһȭƲɵһȭܹ֮ضΪ֮ɫ
ͬʱ䣬žžȫ¡򰢶ʱµĵֱը飬Ƭţ˺ޣ
ĵ⣬ڰջ£綼ҡҷ֪ɽը٣ٵ棬˺׵ѷ졣
ضڲҡţƺܵǿҵĴ̼һƬȥγһӣŵǿһЩȽСĲֱ÷飬֮һء
һЩûȦĲҲƾűȥϵ֮


897 
һЩȽ˵Ĳ֮յ֮ʵҲϾҶһȭѾǺܴΧ˺ˣһЩܵĲҲֱӱ塣
ЩһԶ˺ǺȻ֣ҶʵǿԶԶǵ󣬸ǲܹǿ
ҶƣҲֻݱâ
ôҲ벻֮ǰϢҶƣôݵʱڣȻôʵʵĿԽγȣ˲ġ
֮ǰÿϱҶʵǿ˵ҶƵ۹ֻ֮о֣ûκ顣
ΪʲôΪʲô
Ϊʲôôǿ
Ҳ˲䶯ݣǰɫ֮˸һ˿𾪣ǷƵģҲʧӰ١֮ǰҶȭͷɲǣæٻһĶƵԼǰһȭķȻӲ˵֮
ȻԼΪƵףûбѹƵôҡ

ɫһƺʲôǿһռڵϢֱӱˡ
ɲǣҶƸоԺͻȻͣЩͷۻ嶫ϱķ
оԼԴͻȻͣƺҪըһ㣡
˻ҶƳһ˫ֱסԴɫ䡣
һУֱܵ˾ҵĳǰĹâЩǰĶʲô
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һȦҲֱҶƵϣҶƵԼ
׵䣡
˵ľ˵ķԼ˷ʤ
һַҲõĳ뻯ľҶҲҪ߳٣һʱ䴦˾ԵϷ磡
鱬
͵̧һֻ֣ɫ䡣ֻΧĵ֮УͻȻѿһһķ϶ӷ϶¶˼Ұ׵ָؽڣֻͼսʿ˳վߣ࣬һ㣬жʮֻ
ʮֻսʿѰŰΧһӣʮֵ룬
ҶüܸܵЩսʿûԼ֮ûУȫǰ
ٻЩ͵ȵкãҶӲȥڵʮֵӰ첻ʵķӡ˿̿ٻô͵ȵãһ˫üҲǽ
ô϶ĵΪȲǻͨ˻Ҫ߳١Բʲôùġ
ȥɣ
ָҶƣЩսʿ´£ɫ΢Щ԰ףҰɫͷġ
ЩսʿŤŤĳҶƳȥ·ٶȴ죬ڿлӰֱҶƣ
Ҷüͷ̽ԵһȭӳǰǸôķ顣
ֱҶҲסˡЩãûʲôֻͼĲѣԼ˵ж٣ѡ
˼ƮɵʱͻȻһɼǿΣϮǰֱӱϾǱǰƽһ㡣Ҷɫһ䣬ջȭͷæ峯Ųȥ
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Ҷһ˳ɫ԰׺Ѫɫⱬըȫѷɫһɵȫһ˵Լ˵ĿֲǴ޲֮䣬ˣ
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ҶҧأҺָֻͷղűըɲǣѾѸٵĶˣǼˣָըɣѾ㹻ˣӦĿ죬һαըľֱֱˣ
Ļָرˣ£ֻҪһʱ䣬˿ھܸԭ
ֻϢʱ䣬ҶƵ˿ھѾѪۿɼٶȻָţ
ף
һĻҲüëһȫû뵽ҶƵĻָôţָǿ񣬶ûôɣ
ҶƵĻָٶٿ죬ҲûʲôáΪʮֻѾҶưΧһһĳ߹ȥ
ѾԹһοҶƶȻٳԵڶΣ˵ȭʱû취ǡ֪Щõ֮ܿһ׿Ƶİ취
ʱͻȻֹͣ·ͬʱʲôҶ͵գŵϵЩãǺ޼
Щ޷죬ʧȥĿֻ֮ɵɵĴԭصš
һü͵̧֣ѹ״
ʱҶƸоԼƺǧ򱶣ֱӳŵ֮ˤ벻ǣȻƾһ֮ʹ˽յ䣡
˿ѾûʲôˣҶưԴ߶ֻӶ̫׷ܶڿۣ֯ɾ޴󷨣Ŀķת
Ȼյ̬ҶƳԼʱ˲ͳ˻ʱʣ֣ڿл˸ӵơ
ɷ裬ưƱ̻֮Уۻң
ЩƳ֮Ҳǿٵ˻֮УΪ˴ŦĿת
һɲǣŭ𣬹к£Ǻˮ̣һһӳ˻߹ǧףӿǵصһɲǣ·ǧ˻źХţռڵпյ죬ռ䶼ֱ
ˣ˶˽ǵһĻ
ձΧţ·㸲
죡
Ҷڼٵ׹ţ·һȺѾ׼õԱãԼôȥĻ϶ǱȺըʬ޴棡
ûôɵȻ֪еԴ
ۿӴĻ𺣴ӿк£ҶҲһڿнӡӵֱ֮ӳһ׵ĸߴɽ
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ղҶΪٻ̫ףֿ̻ƴ󣬽Ƭ̫Χһ𣬳·¡£
ʵʱѾûжʣˣϾڲλս޷ӿ֮еõһ˿һġڵһһ֣ɽ磬ս֮УڵԪҲڲϵΧ˵յٶȲ죬ϾҲʤޣ
ڣ
׽ʱҶҲ˼룬һע֮УԪγһɽðѵԼס˱Ⱥõıըը
ȶסԼ壬ҶƼæͳһöƷʯ̰ʱѾȫɺˣٲĻֻƾⲫˡ


898 ֻ
ٵżƷʯҶǲ԰׵ɫҲ֮ǰĶ˵Ѿ̫ˣҿԪɵɽ˺ܳʱ䣬ҪɶѵԱˣ
ƾԱôҵıըԣ϶ܹ׾ٵİըƬģһԼҲҲƴȫǵһˣ
ҶͻȻǸոĪֵĸ߷֮ϣҲɫһ˿ŭû뵽ҶôƻһԼЩþȫ𲻵κЧˣԼĽЧҲҶʧЧˡΪҶƸû֮ƯԼĽЧôأ
û뵽ô󾢣ԾɱҶƸӹһ٣ԵΪŭ
ըɽָЩãɽ˹ȥΪղҶز㣬ɽҲʮֵС˵а׸ߣǿȻʮף
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һֱըһأɽͻȻ¡һ³һࡣ
Ҷɫһ䣬û뵽ȻӲģ
æſȥԼƬѾȫȥˣɵɫϲЦҿ㿪һУ
ɫҲǼΪѿƬգɫҲӳĵͨ졣
ʱ򣬾Ӧô죡
оӭˣƺҪ˸ڻԿ϶ǣǼȵģ˼ûУ
ΧЩĵȲһٵĳȥҪŬĶĸǣôȴͽ޹ģΪѾֱӸΧǧףƾѾʮףһͻбƬȫɻĺ
ڵǧԲκδĿܣ
ҶҲ֪ԼһеĸǷΧЩﶼǰģȫûдڵıҪ
ûκε֮ģۿҾ缴˿Ϊޱ顣
վڵϵİҶƵı飬ƺγͬļˡǰɫ˸ţעϵĻ棬Ҳûʲô֪ĻΪѵǰɵˡ
ԭӳȥЩ￴ûжæţţƺҪѰٶܡ
ˣǿ
Ӳӣ
ЩڶУƵ΢΢һЦ޷ԶʮƮݡһͷҰɫͷ˳£Ӣɽ磬ԻŮԷ
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ˣ㲻ߣҲߣ֮ǰסҶƵۿ֮Ҳͷųһɺ֮ɫ૵Ȼʵ΢ǾԲʱߣ
˵ţÿٱ˰ߣ˫ͬʱſһ޴ĹʶƳǰֳס͵صǰƺҪһסƬ𺣣
ûǹ͵һӶ̧ͷ
ӣҲƺΪõĻе˹֮ǰʶĴӴܵǣ˿̾Ȼûһ̰ģȫȻվ˰ǰƺҪԼһͦȥܵ߸ռĹ
ǶԼʵĺܣֻ֮£ֻǻޣ
ˣҲӣ
ǵļ֣Ҳǵľģ
ҶƾĿ·Ҳһ˿֮ɫܲôİ࣬ȴֿģܿɹģ
Ȼֻǰӻһ̣ȴηĶһӴĻ𺣣
˭Լ޷ȥ𺣣Ļ֮Уܹӵʱ䣬ֵýɣ
ˣǻûκηĶһеһУΪֿУǷǣҲη壡
ҶҲЩд˼Ʈɵ磬ԼǼλֵܵϡ
ԼЩֵܣЩŮǣ֪񻹺ôԼ뿪ʱǺȾƣֺ죬Ѿǧȥˡ
뵽ҶҲһʧ
Ȼ˼Ʈɣȫû˷ÿһÿһʱ䣬һżƷʯһ߽עȫе˰ϡҶƺ֪ӦΣġ
̫׵ҶȻĺܡֻ棬Ī˵ǲռ䶼ֱճޣ
Լ̫װΧʱ򣬶ûκ
ΧЩӵļ֣ζ뿪ľǿģҲı۾ε̾һ
ֻ֮ЩĵȲԼЩӣûκλ
֮ǰߣȫΪǵİȫ롣ֻһ£ǾЩӶԼĸ飬˵Ǿη֮飬Ҳ˵Ǹм֮顭ֶ֮ǺڲϿģȴˡ
µҲݲκˡҪȫԸˣĻ
Σٵ˲䣬ͻȻЦˡ΢ǿһЦݡ
εı֮£ʵڸһ˿οġøղ˶ʶĲԼ飬Ƕôѵ鰡
˭˵޷ӵи飿һӵĲӵ
Ǹʱ򣬿˵Ѿӣˣǡѣ
ڴһĵ
ϣǱʧֻԼõϸ
ҳϣǿ̧ͷעŸɽ֮ϵҶƣ˵
ĻʱƺʱҲһȫֹͣˣֻǸдԵڻص
һУŶԸģڿѾûҪˣһĻ𺣣Ҳ̧һֻ֡
Ϊ㣬ֵãҳ֣һһٵ
ֻٶȼǸǰ̫ױҪ
ʵٶѾһ£ֻΪռ䱻ŵԭԿٶȲŻô
ȭһȭһɲ羲·ʥ۵磬ֻأ棬׺ɣգ
һȭ֮ϵл棬ȫ
ȭͷƣྡһ£һУɱֻأֱ˰
ֻأ
ջ֣İأ·Ļ裬ӽж̧ͷעգһƬڶޡеĻ𺣣ڸղţ޾ĺڶ֮С
Ҷͫ˲ղŰһУȫģ
һвǿǰԹġƿأȻֻһ˿ζҲѾǳˡֻȲѣôùĴأ
ոƣԲһǿܹͷųģֲĻо߱ץסߴ磬ôЧ޷ѡ
ڣһɹɢݳǰռ伸ը췭ظը÷顣
ʱ򣬻𺣽ԶǹĪĹ޾֮Уȫʧ


899 
ֻأ
Ҷ¿ǱסˣſǸ߷֮ϣöƷʯѾȫգһõʯͷ
ڵҲѾָ߰˰ˣûκεķӦĶŰղŰһУǳԽܽܵķ룬һȭ֮Ȼֱ˿ռ֮ռ䶼޷֧סһȭֱڶ˳
Իֻأʵֻأ
ӴĻ󣬾׵תƳռ֮ڣʧޱ޼ʵ֮У
ɫЩҰףͷɫһģһ΢ЩϸǿģˣԼҲһ㣬ӲûаѶķҧزϼš
ߵЩ￴һĻԶΧм䡣
ˣû°ɣ
ˣ
͵һֻ֣Ļ˻ӣЩʱֻ͡Ծ֮ɫеҶƣǳŷŭĻ棬ڲϵȼա
ǵصĻ𺣣һ֮ȫסˡ˵Ƭأ
֣ƬعƶҪֱӻޣ
𺣵ʴЩԱҲȫʧеļֻҲ֮еĵǡ
ĲԾһЩҴģ̰ŵϵ֮𣬶˵ֻ֮ҪĶΪǻûпǣԱܵȥ֮𡣶Լľ˰ȥһۣǲı
ûԼʶעֻ²ġʳ
ԪͻȻʧɽ˲仯ޣҶҲ͵شԾ£¡һڵ֮ϡ
Ҷվ˸Ų֪ʲôɫĹʣƺЩЩ̾
һ֣Ǹ˼𺳣
ڿԺú̸̸ôǸдԵ𣬶Ҷ֡
Ҷ͵̧ͷ䶢Ű۾ƺҪ֮ھһЩڵϢ
ǺźҶʧˡһ˫ɫӾޱߵ棬Ҷעӹʱ򣬺ݺݵĻ˻ȥ
Ҷͷ͵سȥƺܵʲôεĳǲԾһ㣬ȻΡ벻ϰݺݳȥ
һɣ͵ط˻ٴվıֱһ˳ǹŵ⣬ֱӴ޾գ
ղŰþ񹥻ȥ̽ҶƣȴҶӲĵֵסˡ
˵Ҷһ˿ѪԵʮֲ
Ĳ˲ǵѪӣҪú̸˼ɣ
Ĭˣɢȥ˰ɫ˫֮еĹâ»ָ˹ž޲ģ
һ֮ٴ̧ͷ΢΢һЦڣǷԺú̸һ̸أ
ɱѾȫɢȥҶҲǷģȻ̸̸Լ͸̸̸֪«ľʲôҩǲζԷ̬ԼôĥĥģԵòˡ
룡Ҷһ֣΢Ц
Ҳ첽Զȥ
ҶҲʲôڰȥ
ЩһŭĿҶƣеŭ𲻶˸ƺȥƴĴ㣬ûзҲֻӲס
ߵһСƹǰСԭӲѵСƹݣղŵľײѾǰרŸЩȲϵṩĵطȻڣҲûжȲƹݵһֱǺܺ
ƹݲҲͼʮƽ׶ѡŤŤİ˼ΣеһƬǽ壬ƺûüʰ
У˸λ£ҶҲֱĶ档õЩӣǺʶվ˾ƹ⣬žƹݵš
СƹѾûˣֻһݵڰ̨ϣȫںɫڣʮֵĹ졣¶һ˫۾Ǻһթ۾ҶƣȤĴ˴һ;Ŀ˶
Ҷһ㶣ƺûиߵĻʲô˼
ϰͶľƣЩͷӣͷ
СӣϰͶò˼λˣȫղŪĶˣͷੲݵȻڱԹţȴɺܿ죬ۻҡ
ƾҶƵҲֻǿϰͶ˫һһͷ֮䣬ƺʮ죬·ɣҡڡ
εҡҡͷޱ顣
ҶЩĴŰȻʶġߣҲȻһˣƾһѤĵַһǿ߸
ǣϰͶϣҶƲûвʲôŨϢѵԼô
ܣ
ôֻһ˵ǾϰͶʵ
ƾҶƵôܿĵϸأ
磡
ϰͶеֹͣ·ɣϰͶţɾľƱ档ƶɵľʺѪףҶƾȻѾᵽ˵ѪϢ
ǳϰͶգϰͶ΢ЦŶƣߵǰƱϡ
ҶƵͣϰͶһᣬѾĹռݣƺһĺˡ
Ҳ˻Ĳô
ҶŬҪҳһ˿һĲϢʧˡ
ھƱϵɲǣҶƶʱоƱ֮ƺʢѪϸ޴Ѫһ㣬Ķù֣ƺѪ治ϵţҪƺֱʲôסˡ
֮˵ĸоʮֹ죡
Ҷȥ˽ʱһɱֱҶƵԺ䲻Ĵһ͸˼֮ɫ͵һĭ
޻񣬾޽ѪöɽѪ죬սƮɢ
ҶֻоԼл֮䣬ʶԶԶƮ壬һƬռڣΧһƬѪɫҶ˸ŵĶǿ־֮ɫ
ھĴֱױȵģ

˻
֪˶ãҶ͵صһӦ˫˲üΪӥ
õľƹݣԼţϰͶ˫Ц뿪ƱƺǸհѱӷ¶ѡ
ֻһ˲䣡
ֻһ˲䣡
Ҷƾһ亹ԼղŵЩ󣬾Ȼȫ鹹ģʵ֮Уȥ˲һӵʱ䣡
ԵĻֳ̿ҶƵͷҧأ˫ȭա
·ûпҶƵ쳣Լıӣڴһڣһܵģ˫ۣ˺ôһᣬĺһ
ϰͶôо죬̾
ϰͶָ˴꣬ٺЦȻˣϰͶ㻹Ϲأϼ۸ĵȲ֮𣡡


900 ƴʦ
ҶƲɵ࣬Ȼ֪ĵȲû뵽ֻƶѣҪôļ۸
ؼǰһܣ˿۸жֶ֡žƱڲ԰׵Ĵߣһڣһܣ緶¶š
Сӣ㲻ϰͶգϰͶתͷעҶƣһζĹâ
ҶƵ˵ͷոֻǿһۣ͸оԼĻƺȥȻܸȤ֪ľƾʲôζ
ⱭƶҶƿɺɫҺ壬˱ǵҺ壬һƬհףҲ֪Ժ֮ʲô
˺ܴĵžһڣһں£ȫµëƺȫſƺڿŸ࣡
ȫˬޱȣƺʹҶƸоǰһƬģһ磡
ǰһʮ׵ľ޴ħɫЦš
ҶüͷͷǶħΧһƬãԼҲǰ͸ġҲ֪ⲻʵ飬Ժ֮зʶɣ
֮ǰǾƣԼЩʶģȹһ֮󣬸֮СҶѾԼʶʲô˵ֻ֮мƷƺܸ֮Ըֻþû뵽Լˡ
ǶħЦƺҲһȭͳҶ
ХռݡȻⲢʵʵڷ飬ǶԴľ绹ǸҶƣһ˿
ҶƸоԼ˲䱬ը˫۵ļͣƺʹҲ磬ͲԼ׷һ£
͵һȭҳǶħصһһɲǹ磬ռѿһһѷ죬ƺҪ
Ƕħһֱ۶ҶƳ顣ҶƷ֣ԼƺҪǿ̫࣡
ֻϧǱʶ֮зĻ棬ʵҶֽٶȣ˸еˡ
ûأҶƹһЦ͵ڿնһֻҲץסǶħ壬˫͵س֮˦ȥ
ǶħͬһѪ⳦Ϸȥо˻š
Խĵĳ棬ԽҶԵĸе˷ܣ
Ȼ̲ס쳤Х
飡
ѹһӽǶħһѪ·ʮ׵ҲǱ˲˺ѣռ֮µĿĵĺۼ
ħ˿ûӰ쵽Ҷơ
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ҶҲܿ˷֮侲һӿ£̶ûлζһ¡
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Ѿɱ֮ĵܹѪ̾Լ·
磬ңҲֻܣ𣡡
Ҷ³һ˲һ翪ٵһɲǼ䣬Ǭֻء
紫һĺĳӣþòɢŨ磬ڰȫɢǱ̻նȣȫʧ
Ҷ̧ͷŰգĿȣ䡣
޾ŭ
оԼ˿̾һۻĻɽӯȫ͸ޱȳ죬޲쳤Х
ͷȥȻûȫ𣬵ҲһƬǽ塣ЩںţĿһһӡ
ղűըٵɽ塢أȫԭ
Ǳʶ֮е磬˵ܵ

۾ҶƷԼƱָոշ£֮ǰ﷢һУֻʵ֮е֮䣬Ҳһգ۵飡
ҶϰͶҲ˾ءܹƳ־Һˣôӹأ
λǰҶƹĽƱ£лǰĶͣ
ںⱭ֮ҶƾȻԼľЩɶƺн׵ԤסֻǺһСڶѣȻϰͶֶΡԶϰͶҲʮֵĸм
Ҳû˵ֻǾҶƣǷӣҲ˵ʲô
ϰͶͷһݵӣٺЦȻˣϰͶգû˵أ
ҶһʱȥϰͶݣ˭֪ԷûиʻĻᣬͰѻ濪ˡ
ҶƺεҡҡͷƱ׼ƷڶڣʱϰͶһ仰ֱҶƲѺȽȥľ
Сӣ㲻ǲλ˰ɣϰͶ̬תķɿ죬һ̻Цݵͷһ̾Ѿб飬̧ͷüҶơ
ȿȿȣ
Ҷ仰㱻ȽȥǿھǺסɫͨ졣
ǰҶƻ˵ЩʲôϰͶˡ
ϰͶûҲɽ˰ɣϰͶ΢΢һЦȴ˵ƶ
Ҷſڽ࣬û뵽Էֱһ仰͵Լĵס
Ҫ֪ҶһֱڿԼݣ϶ǻᱻλĲжԵġϰͶ棬һ۾ͿԼɽˡ
ȵȣǾ䡰Ҳɽ˰ɡǸҲǡʲô˼
ҶƺоԼͻȻץסʲôæ̧ͷעϰͶտʼԼ˵Ǿ仰һ;Ŀˡ
;ָԼԼڣѾʧ嫵Ĳλ
뵽ҶƼޱȣͨЩƲϰͶӦҲɽˣֲûвϢֲϵҶƸоϤԭҲһλɽˣ
ҲɽˣҶЩţ˫Դһ˿ڴϰͶ
ϰͶ̾˿˵ͷûϰͶҲɽˣǶˡڣϰͶֻƹݵСϰѣ
Ҷƺһץס˾ݣ̲סʵǰ֪֪ôȥ
ϰͶҶһۣƲƲС˵ЦϰͶ֪ĻһȺýʬ򽻵㣬ϵĸϢϰͶоģ
ҶסˣΪϰͶͬҲɽˣ϶һЩµģǽȴˡ
̾˿ǰԼʱڣǸܹȥˡ˳Ȼôôɣ
ǰ֪֪ⲻλ澿Ǹʲôλ棬λⲻλʵɽΣҶһʳ˺ü⣬˫߬ڴϰͶ
ϰͶٺһЦƺٴλָӡ
Ҫ֪ЩðüƷʯϢϰͶƻĶҶƣһֻꡣ
ҶɫЩŹ֣Ʒʯʱи࣬óһȻûʲô
ϰͶĵҶһۣȻһ˶ȣʲôóһ㼫ƷʯϰͶϰͶڵѾɺ˺ܶˣϰͶԼ벻ӵζˣ
ϰͶǽ˶ɫǼŮһֱĶЩסˡ


901 ;
ҶƿϰͶģ˼Ҳ΢һ£ֱͳʮöƷʯ˹ȥ
ϰͶʮöƷʯؤ˽ɽɽһ㣬͵ȥֱӽ˹¶ļ֮ɫζβסġ
ƷʯǼƷʯϰͶּƷʯˣϰͶ˷쳣ֱӰЩƷʯùϸĴţֵĸţȫ˷֮ɫ
ҶЩΪʲôϰͶ˿ģǼöƷʯѣϰͶҲɽ˵Ļ϶ܹף⼫Ʒʯǿ˵һֶѡ
ϰͶȴЦᶼˣֲڵĴֲڼƷʯ֮Ħţִһ
ҶƵȻϰͶָ飬Ϊûо
ҶɻϰͶҲ̾һСӣһɻΪʲôһôġֻǼƷʯѣƾҵʵ϶У𣿡
ҶƵ˵ͷûǰ˵Ҳ֣û뵽ȻⶫôߵȤ
㲻ⰡɺԵζϰͶһöƷʯĳٶȺƺŷʢ硣
ʼգһԹۣûв죬Ҳûľٶֻǲͣűľƣƺ˿һ㱻ԡ
ϰͶζûʱȥҶȫעϰͶҲûȥ
ǣζϰͶһƺǴסˡ૵˵ʲôйâҲǲͣ˸š
ܿ죬һöƷʯͱϣЩٴóһ飬ϵе
ϰͶⲻλ棬Ѿ֮ˣ̫ʢͲȴɵʵȻȻһɰɽȥ봩Խɽıݣȥλ棬ǡ
ɣҶͫ͵ȻϰͶʵҲ²⣬û뵽ǾȻɣ
ԽʮǣΪ˸ǿĴڣ
ûɣ
ϰͶ̾һƺû˸տʼ˷ܾǴ˵빥ɽݵʱ򣬱żȻֵĺڶգⲻλ档տʼʮ˷ܵģǺȴһ⣬Ǿⲻλ棬ûпԲ
ҶƵ˵ͷȷ⡣
ûܹգʲôһ֮ʵضɣҵռָвٵļƷʯʱţҲһաⲻλ棬ұ벻ͣĸսĵҲǷɿ졣ֻǰʱ䣬ļƷʯȫһգ
ԺҲûΪҵʵҲֱ˰˳ɣϰͶ˵ʱ޷סǹ˸֮⡣
ȻѾȥôãԾɽ黳
ԽԽѣûȥԼϢұĲΧƴɱһѪ·ʱҲһϢˡҿʱǡ˰СӣСӵʱʵĵȲ׷ɱ뷴ԼҪˣǰһ¡ǣҳ־ϰͶŤͷȥ˰һۣҲûʲôʾֻ˵ͷȾơ
û뵽Сӵݲһ㣬֮׵Ķӡף˼壬ˣϰͶ
ˣ
ҶƺĲϰͶеص㣬Щ١
˵ˣ
ҶָŰ˼ʵ
û࣡ϰͶն
ǣⲻλ棬ֻвϽɵĲôࣿҶ˰һۣˣΪʲôϵϢŨϰͶϾûУ
ҲǣҲǣϰͶЦЦ˼άݣ֪ⲻλԨĲɵġǰһЩλżⲻλ棬һزȥˡֻѿûҪĶ޷ӦǣΪ棬ֻӦ
ǣЩ˸ݲϵƣڿһµķʹˣҲΪ˰벻ĴڡȻҲȷʵ㵱ͬ࣬ǸǲͬǣԼ˼άԼܹڽӴ
ϰͶⷬҶˡ
ֲ֮ǰԼ֮󣬲ûг֡ҪԼѣҲԼǲ˰ɣ
ʱԼʵ̫ţΪ˻Ĳû뵽û뵽Ȼˣ
Ȼ֪ҲǲΪʲôҳ֣ҶЩڨڨŰ
ķ¾Ʊʱ̫ļǸûд򶷵ıҪһû˵£ֱӶҳ֣£ô죿ɵ𣿡
ҶƹЦЦεҵʱǿһȺĸ𣬻ΪѾ˻ĲأҲġ
ϰͶЦǵĺˣԶʼҳɹƾǿ󣬳Ϊ֮ĻǿһףҲ˻סĶӣ
Ҷĵ˵ͷ׵Ķӣ൱ة֮ˣݵλȻĺܡ
Ҳˣڰİ£￪һСƹݡҲԸҲûΪңҸϢֶΡûңͲ൱ڷһֻܿһЩƵֶΣڷԣϰͶʼ
ԭˣҶⲻλ沢Լô򵥰
֪ôȥ𣿡ҶͻȻʵ˲䣬̷ˡ
֪Ļ˿̻𣿿뿪ⲻλ˰ɣȻĻΪ˻ףǱϾԼڵλ棬򽻵ʱ䳤˿ǻᷢġ
εʼ磬ƲƲ죬Ҳû˵
СӣϰͶ㣬֮֮ʱڣ㻹Ǳȥˡⲻ֪ϰͶҲһ˼ӳⲻλ棬ĽȴŬȫϰͶҡͷ̾ϢƺӦտʼǾ䡰һ;Ŀˡ
ⲻλģ;ˡ
ʵһֱڣҶҲ֪ԼΪʲôԭĴ͹˭ڸ
УһֱһԸǾ뿪жôѣҪƾԼʵ뿪
һӽôϢҶЩ޷ЪһᣬĶƱһڡ
Լռָ֮лвǧöƷʯһöƷʯԲԼôĻԼ㻹ܹٲǧΣ
Щϣ֮ս֮УҲǲ̫ˡ


902 
ⲢܳΪ˷ѵɣЩʯȻ࣬Լڲλ棬սǸٵġһڼƷʯģȻһΡ
ˣ֪֪ⲻλ棬ʵǿģǼȲҶƶ˶٣ͻȻʵ
ɫ֮һ˿죬ƺҶƵЩԻ󡣹һᣬŻشϲӦ֮ĹžŵȲʵŵȲӦҲôλ۷ˣ
ʮȣ
Ҷ͵صɴ˫ۣ˼š
һȲӦŵɣȲǵɣɣĵȶɣߵȰ˵ȾŵɵĻô֮ʵӦþ۷壬ӽϽɵĴڣ
뵽Ҷһ
Լ񲻹ֻɣ൱ȲôԼŵȲʵ̫Զ
ÿ뵽룬оͻһܸС
ʵֻɽһߣûгϽɼǿ߶ѡĹ۷ʵˣϰͶüͷ
ɣλʵģҶƶǹģʵ
öƷʯϰͶƻҶƣһ㲻Ҿסڵģ
ҶΣΪ˵õЩϢֻͳöƷʯ
ϰͶĽһһٵɻΪȽףֱǳɣԲ۷壡
ɡԲ۷塭ҶЩҲǼһ㡣
ϰͶɳɵʵϰͶƺΪ⣬õ˼Ʒʯĸо˷ܵҪעڵʱ򣬾Ǹɺ˵ĺ¹ˮоͱˡ
һֱϵ鼫ƷʯŲӯҲ˲ָ۷ʵ
Ҷ˵ʧȥԾǿʵΪô˵ͬ׵ǿ࣬½ƾһ˫ȭҲܴһƬǬ
ͬϰͶʧȥɥʧйֶΡǿǲʹκȭȻ֮
ϰͶɲǣҶƸоǵصѹҪĻʹȥ
ǿѹ޿ɵġҶŬھϵĲ඼޷ֲģ
һɲǣҶƸоԼ궼ڲǼè
ϰͶЦû뵽ֲԼˣûƷζˣ
ЦЦţϰͶּҲ䣬˭ҲʹࡣɺԵʹֲ࣬ˡ
̾˿ƱݻȥϰͶһ
ϰͶӵۣ˲䱻仰ˡ
Сӣôȵô죡ϰͶѪᾧ㵽׶ƷҪܳĳζţĵ֪𣿡ϰͶӣŭ
ʵûֻ鷳ѡոջָϲãǲ˵ġָо˸е˷쳣
ҪҪһ棬ϰͶЦеűߵ˰̨ϣЩδҶƵ
ҶҡҡͷԼʣһҺıӣЦľƣɲôܵģ
ϰͶ˫֮дһ˿֮ɫȻҵľþСӣҲǱ˺þòŽþ
ҶµĿڸš
ϰͶƵʱ򣬼Ĳ˾ƹ춯
㣬׼ȥ
ǸĵȲõ
ʲôЦҿǳ˭棬ң
ƹ⣬һķֵŭĺĵȲʵҲǾȥ˻ײࡣϵĸ⵹ûˣҲˣֻȴζ޷ı䣬ޱȿա
ĳղбըӸϹҪһʲô顣
һƬһƬĹѣĿˡʶԣ˳źۼһ·ߵƹݣţھƹ棬϶ŷͬѰĶ
ȻƹݸѾһﶼˣƹǰվżλϸһ̽飬ȻĵȲĻңŵĶĵȲʵжǿ
ϾǹĳҲ׳ŵҪƹ֮̽飬ס˽ĶԻ
û㲻׼˭УЩֻۣҪûڣ˭ܽȥ֮ĹҲУ
ȻŭȻԼƵϾҲһְٰǻҰԼô
ӣҲʵ˲ٵĵ
ôһɷŭƺһԲϣսһ
Ƿʲô飬ȥһ°ɣǧҪƻϰͶཨľƹݣϰͶ˸ǷȻ᲻һ˿һȤ
ҲԣϰͶָȫʵҲ൱ߵȲˣʵǿӹɡ
͵վɫһ˿֮ɫתͳߡ
ںȾƵʱĺܷ˵Ĵš
ܲңùͷ
ͦص߳ƹݣҶƽ￴˻һ㣬Եõвˡ
Ͼڲλ棬ֻʵûʸõͬģֻܳΪǿߵĿ
Ⱦƣ˭ڴţȻ֪Է˭ǰҪ֪һ£ҲǴһŵ档
ڿ˲䣬޴ֱͫŵĺһ͵˵
ˣҪӲǡôĴݹһϢ
Ϣ֮󣬰۾˫ͬһϴţ飬ƺڴԼʳ
ȻҲ࣬Ƕڲ֮ҲЦɵġֶܹʵҪײҪΪʲôҪأ
ǳĲҲնɱȻÿ·Ĳ֮Ѿ㹻ʹõˣ˭ⶫأ
ǳ񿴵˵ˡ˻ŵľʵԷʵ֮ǿȫԼôһСԴġ
Ȼûж࿴һۣڵȻҲʸĳ
ŭڣǿʵǰֻѡá
ҶԴһ˿ЦĿǰЩ⿴ġ
ղﶯô֮ôĲΪ㲻ûоԼӦΣԼ񶼱סЩһʧְ֮˰ɣ˵Ҫ㻹кãͱ˵


903 ׾Ѫ
㾿Ǻˣ͵سһжǾ֮ɫڰһַĵľ£ǲ֪ԷݣҲһ
Ϊ֮ȻǺܸߣϾҲǹѡġԹٶ븻ƾԼݣʵǿĶԵưͿ
һΣ԰Ȼ˵ˡ
аɫ˸һ⣬ӣʧҵҾͲ׷ˡҵնɱǹҲ޻˵
ǿƣҶҲЩ𾪣ΪʲôͻȻŭʵڰ˵˴źȾƵ£ʮĴŻ˷ŭҪӲӲĻԲκ֮ɫնɱ
㡭㣡¶֮ɫû뵽Էôһ仰;ҪɱǱϾԷռϵƣôĵȲ£䱾ʵҲȻûκʵƾЩĵȲܰ˺顣
ôһȽϣЩӣĲҲһӶӳĵȲĶȡ¶ԷֻҪһֳ棬ܹԼĶ鸲ɣ
һǿӲʱ򣬾ȻˡһĭߴӰܸκΰȫУڰͱ˵۹֮Уһһĳȥ
ŪԷݵʱ
һ˿Ļȣһһٵѹ㻹û뿪ҵڡˣԲˣ
Уȫһƽؾס
ʲôоԼǲˣԷȻô
һԶŵˣȻ˵룬Ǿ룡Ӱ˲ã͵̧һֻ֣͵߬ȭֻͻȻը죬һоһӴаϢӭѹ
ŭţȫǲԷȻһ˵ӣĻ
ΪǶԷвѣԼˣǾֱȥల¡˭֪ԷȻϷŹԼʱΪڣҪ¶ˣ
Էʵһƺ뵽ʲô
˫˲һ߶ʲô
ԽԽԽԽ죬оԼʧȥһ㣬֮һᣡ
ʲôסʦˣôҲӰֶϿһʱǾûҲķ졣֮ŵϨ
Ҷ˲ЩҲ˳ȥһͺһʱȺһͷԵɱֱ䴩ӵΣ˺üء
ǸӳͬĵȲȴͬʱǸøһĵȲΧʱ֧׾ٳۿҲֲ˶ˡ
ҶƾվһԿţһŭ޴㷢һõ
ϰͶҶƵ֪ĸףҲεĻףݼΪ߹󣬲һ֮֮ϡĶӰҲǼΪ󣬲һЩ
СɱʲôģֱС飬ȥǡΪÿһλ˫۾ţλҲܿ챻ȡѡ
֪飬ҲһЦһСѣһֻûʲôȻΪȥﻤס
ǻף֮޷赲ǸҵĽǸҵĲΪޣϣܹӳǿս
Ϊˣ׵ݲŻô߹
˲䱻һ룬ҲǸоģ᲻κ־ŭ׵ʵ˵ǽ컹ǵһμʶ
˫ӷȼһɫ棬ϺХǳһ㣬ǧڿţ˾
ҶƾվһߣһսȻȫǶ֡ĸѹƵˣҲ᲻ˡ
Щɫ棬ֻҪմϣǾһ󽹺ζȫȼ֬ζսļëһŻϵķһҪۺ֬ʮֺʵõȥҲͱ
ɫĿһ㣬ֻҪСմһ㣬ǶʱһǺ
ֶΣŪһƢûУ֮ôĴֱ̡
е׺֮ɫ¶ţҪɱ㷢еĿ֮˴˺ȾƵ£֡
ŰĸֶΣҶƵ۾ҲԽԽоЩ·һһֿ̹ĵϤо
ǣŰĸֶΣֶϵԹԵšǵһοȴ·ѾϤǧ飡
ô£ҶޱȣΪ֣ƾԼȻҲܹ֮еȻͷų
ƺΪ֤һ㣬̧־ͷųһСɫĻ棬ͷųĻͬС죬ͬһޣ
һУҶƸɻˡ
⾿ô£
Ҷ˿˼֮УһоԲֻɺϣ
ʵڰ˵һҶƣҲǷǳɺϡСƷһϰͶյģȴżȻҶơ
оҶϵϢͬһ㣬˽ύ
֪ΪΣΪͬԵʣоҶһҪ׽ĸо
ҲǺԵɵġ
뵽ˣ
Ҷһ˫˸
ڵ磬ԼһЩŵڣ棬õһӵ׾ѪʱԼ֪׾ѪʲôãΪֻܿЩʯͷ˶ѡԼȴˣش
ǲ׾Ѫһһż
ѪѪһһ
ҶлļǵãԼ׾Ѫ֮һŭǹԹƺҪͻƲ񷣡
ҶԤУʹõЩףź˿ϵԼͲܹ׵Щ
ֻտ֮еԼȻܹʹ
ҶԽԽ˵ʲô˵ԼʵҲ˱ֶθʵǾڲλ棬ҲǱȽǿķˡ԰ԼԵУһڲԼʵݡλݵλܸߣԼȫαװף
ôһԼһӽ⡣
һԼ⣬ȻһĲ￴ǿĲǻᱻһ۸ġ
ǣԼǧöļƷʯҲù졣ԼܹԵУôλ涼ŨԼôգܹȫԼġ


904 ѧ
ͬʣⶼΪԼͬʵԵʣ
һʱҶдΪ˷ܣԼͬʵͬ׾ѪһֱҲûʲôȥӴȻ׾ѪҲŲóǽգԼȴǿ˵żûеȻҲǷǳ죡
ԼѧΪһ׵ʱôⶼܹӭжˣ
һ뵽ЩҶоԽǼ̲סŰַֿͷų˼䣬ֱᣬԼ
ԭϹȦеѾʤˡһֱҶƼУѩϼ˪ʮʹࡣ
ͬڹ꣬ӴӰԵʮֻ
һ㶣æĿתҶƣղŷ䣬˾
ôҶͷųģɽ𣿸ϰͶһģ
ԼҶŵİͷһЦң
ҧס촽ѾսپˣȻʲô飬ȵɱ̸֮
˵ٶȼĿ꼫󣬵ҲƤ񣡸ɫգҲֻյƤѣûе˽ǵĳ̶ȡ
ƺ⣬ʩչָҶѧĺܿ죬һۿڶ۾ܹѧַ۾ͷų
ð𾪲ѣ˵ˡ
Ҫ֪ԼСһֱѵǧ꣬ǿﵽյĳ̶ȡ˭֪Ҷֻ̥ǿԼսתۼܹͷųǺŰ
̥ǹ̥
ðоܴʲô°ţҲô˵İɣ
Ҷɫ֮дһ˿˷ܣȫûⰢô롣˫סӰһֲУѸֽ⣬γȻͨԼƸֳ
ã¶Ѿɱ⡣ЩҲʼռϵ֮˸еֵǣǲ֮ǿ׵һʲô˵ȥѾԼǻۣҲϰ˷ӹ
ԣҪЩ֮ʱ򽻸ȴ˵ķ䡣
ս֮УǾʶȥæˡ
˭֣Լ˸ŲõĹâɫӴ˿̸Եˡ˫֣ƺӴһȭն̲סĲһ¡
ȭͷϣͻȻɳȥһɼⲻǶ˺ҪǶˣ
һ֮һȭֱҲУҲУ֮ǶԸֶΣ
Ҳоевһɲ͵ð׺ݵĹâӴУҲܰʲôˣֻлŲҪģ
𣡡
͵þȫеĹ£޴ֱӻաƿ֮ڶ𺳣ҲӲ˺һСӣ
ǾԵǿ
Ҫ֪һٶȵġûоĻһȭֻӵǿ
һƺûһֻҲָ̽һһεĽֱԺڣ
ֻо֮ҵʹ壬˺һҵĽг
໣
ŭĺţҵɱһ㡣
⻹ֻǿʼɱǸղŰӳһȭ
ʵԵֱؿڣӴƷʮԶţֻͣƤֱӻεӿڣʴ֮
һΣʹ࣡
ܵϢٻɫҰףٱκϣ
һȭֱӶϾ
ڷŭŭ֮У˻Σ¡һˤڵءҲ֮һ
Įʬ壬һͷһλߵЩһĴڣ˿ûзϡ
𣡡
͵һ֣ڵ֮ԶɵУûֱӶãЩ֮зɣ
лˣЩﶼЩţû뵽ôֱ֮ӸԼ
˵ͷתҶһۣ˾ƹ֮СҶƿЦѣҲĲ
ϣʱϰͶѾµƣ˹
ٶͦ죬ϰͶƵʱ䣬ǾѾ鷳ˣϰͶЦ
ɫǸӣ̧ͷҶƣƺҪ۾֮ҵ𰸡ҶȻҲ̧ͷעŰĿԣڿвһϵеĻ⡣
ãûܴҶпһʲôҶƵ˫۾һ㴿覣Ȼⶼǹװġ
㣬ôǵãʵ
Ҷεҡҡͷ˵ҸոѧģŲţ
ţն֪жôѧСʼҪȡɾҲǼΪѵģֻǿҼۣѧôѧĻô׵ĵλҲôˣôѧĻ֮ͳһλˣ
㲻ţҲû취Ҷƺ޹̯̯֣˵ʵǿ˰ʹãͻȻѧġ
Ȼв׾ѪĹͣҶȴ˵֪׾ѪʲôԨԴֱ֮˵Ͷˡ
㲻ܸ˵ʵһ˿ɫȻйϵشҲ֪еܡ
ϰͶʱͻȻӣӵ۵ŰŭɽôǿҪʲô츳ô
ϰͶʮ𾴵ġϾԼһԼƺҲ벻ľˡ
ϰͶ㵱桭ûƭңǺ⻰˵ȥϰͶԼŰɣ
˵ôԴǣôȻôǻԲ
·ⱾǧŲĵⱾ˭ĵ㲻Ե֪
ʵ˵ĻȻЩţһȷġ
ǾǣҶƵ츳ȷãǲɽôǿ
ô࣬ѧôѵܸ𣿡ϰͶ̵ɫʮ־ʣղ淢һУͨʶڲ鿴
û뵽Ҷĸһ漣û뵽漣
ֱӱҶƣôõ츳ôģǵҶƴӸտʼ۲죬ԼѧᲢͷǰ󲻳ӵʱ䣡
ӣֻǵһƵʱѣ
û취ҵ츳ôãҶƹһЦԵõ


905 ޴
ƺЩƣҶƿʲʲôҲֻܳưͿϾҶƲ˵һ취ûС
ҶƳһƣһھԴһ˿ʵϰͶⲻλڣûа취ȥ𣿡
ϰͶεʼ磬ɣŬ꣬ûҵɽķⲢⷽǲڵġܹĴһ£ܹҵӣ
ҶƳĬˣϰͶ˵ɣⲻλ֮УҪҵȥķӣֱڴ룡
Ҷ˳˼֮С
ͻȻվҲ̫ãӦûˡѧǵѾ㹻ʸһˣôҪҪһߣ
ҶƳһᣬŰһߺȻһѡ񣬻ݵλȽϸߣ˵ҲܹѰҵȥİ취
ǣҶеĽ¡һìܵɣǡìܵɣ˵Լ
лĺ⣡ҶƵ˵ͷһϰһˣ
Σֻܵ˵ͷת뿪Сƹݡ
ϰͶ̾˿ҶƣСӣʲô㣿
Ҷֱ˵ҡҡͷʾԼҲ֪
Ǿ仰ڲλ棬Ҫҵȥİ취ǼѵģҲȫûϣ֮һоͿԼˣҲû취ΪṩʲôϰͶ
ҶЦЦʾ⡣
ǺãȻҪߣⱭƣ͵ϰͶ֮ǰƵһɣϰͶЩ˸еվڲλʱգĥļ¶һλͬȻЩû˵ǹƴ
һԵԵɣ
ϰͶΪעԼĵƿٵҡţٶ֮죬ۻҡ
ҶƷ֣Լ˫۾ȻϰͶ٣̫˼ˣ
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ϰͶ͵ؽƿϣЩƵľҺƱ֮Уδͷ
Ɑ𡯣ϰͶĶǣöƷʯϰͶ²Ҷƣ˫ƺڷŹ⡣
ιҿû˵ҵƣȫԼĺðɣȻģΪλҪǮҶƲ
ԲӣⱭ𡯣Ҽ͵Ҳд۵ģôҲóɣϰͶŭĶҶƣ·ҶʲôԲһ㡣
Сģһ;ԽԽԶӦѧݡ󷽣ֻܱ֤ħ谭ʵĽϰͶʼҶƳ˴
ҶΣֻʵʵͳöƷʯӹǡ𡱣һ
ȻǾӦøɴһ㣬һ㣡
һڸȥҶ˲оԼ˲٣һʱԺϷתƣ˷Ժ
𣬹Ȼˣ
͵ؽƱϣҶҰһ죬оȻм⡣
һ·ߺãϰͶöƷʯЦ⣬Ȼεջʮַḻġ
ҶƵ˵ͷת뿪Сƹݡ
ڿпٷţĿġȻкܺķ˿Ҳ˲ôˡ
죬ҶƸоƣļֲȥʱͻȻǰһΪǰȻһɽ⻹ҪģҪɽ֮ϣȻͬʱھۼš
ô£
ҶƸоЩΣæͳһöƷʯĵϣӽ
СĿǧ֮ڣҶƷЩﶼڸͬһ飬Ǿ˫ʹɽ
ڸʲôҶɻѣСֳǰ˼
ˣΪôСģ
ܹαװװ
Ҷ˫һҲûκηϻѸٵαװףϳɫҰףۼҲˡ
뵽Ҷƿ첽ǰȥ֪֮Ǽ߹ģϡ١ƾ׵ݣߵﶼأ
ɽҶϵĴɨӣǼ๤һ㡣ΧϴǲͻȻ䣬һͷֱ͵һӣгֱ೤ֱһ㣬ݺɽϡ
飡
һ죬ʯҷɣһŨҵϢͬȪˮһӿ˳
ɫĲĿʯ·ɽмĴָСʯ飬Ҷƽűߡ
üӲĿʯҶƽϵĿʯš
ʯ棬ͬˮʯӲȣƾҶþȫҲֻһС鰼ݡ
ʲôϣһ޷ԣҸҿ϶϶һ޿󣡡ҶͷһĿһϬƽһɽڲ
ЩʱҶȻŵģǿЩԶԶһ۶η֣ôҽӽ
ҶƣǶΪһλǿףΧŨ˵׵ǿȻ˭Ҷơ
ɽڲһƬƬĿʯ·Ѫһ䶯šܶ࣬ҶƵ©˰ġ
ҶƵâ䡣
ȻһĿ
ҶƸոսȫŪ壬ͻȻһ𣬾޴죬öĤۣ
һǿҵŨ·һаԴ̥ԶϿ
Ҷ̧ͷȥһʮ׸ߵľˣ
ˣȫźǣףͷϳǣֻһۣѪ˿ֳһ䶯·ʱը
˵ֱۣبȸǽ᲻ɴݡ
Ƶλã滻һͷƳѪĻӵһˣʮͷ­Ѫεδ𲻶µ䡣
ֻ˼ʺѪʳһСϪ
һֻϣһŰľ޽޽ֱϣһͷ
ͷնۿڣȼŲ̵ħյÿ׷̮
вڿ˵ʱ򶼲ΡΡĺģҶƲ²Ӧļ๤
ĲڿҶƵʱҲԶ롣Ͼ˵׾൱ڲսʤһ㣡
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ǿϢֱҶԺ֮Уһǿ꣡
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Ҷ۾ȻЩɻΪʲôȲȴûѡ˻
ʵеĲﶼѡ˻Ϊʱ˻屾ơ
λ״ˣʲôǾĽһλݵҶƵԺ֮УţǺ¡
ҶƺԼϢ˵ĸоͬҲȲһס˲ŻҶôĻͶ˵ɱˡ


906 ˼๤
ֻǿѣ
Ҷһ˿Ըˡ
뿪ɱ⣡Ǿ˷ŭĺţƺҶ̬Ⱥǲޡ
˵أҶͻȻһѪɫâ˲һ͵ǰһŶ£
飡
ǰǲҽжûüֱӱҶã飡⽴һ㣡ǣ⻹û꣬ݺݵɽ֮ϣһѪӡ
˵ֻ뿴ѣĪҪң·һҶ˫˸ź⣬ߵ
ǾȻŭ𣬳Ҷ˹
Ҷٶȸ죬˫Ųס档ʯ֮䣬ﶼûзӦʱҶѾݺһȭ˵ϡ
꣬ѳ״ľ޴ƣһڲɢһʯƬƬը촷ۡ
Բĵ棬ǱеСۣµ췭ظ
𣡡Ҷһŭȣʯ쾪
ҶƵָһ㣬ݺץ£Ȼǲ嶹һ˵֮СȫͣҲһȦͣأ񾪹õڽڱѣ·ȫը
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ҶƺȻЩ֮Աǣһֻץסһֻ֣Ҳһȭ
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һУȻڳвը죬·ĽצĲȫ˽ȥ
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ӣɲ֮䣬Ǿˮīһɫϻɢ
ɲ֮䣬ɽͱһƬյء
Ҷһֻſһָֻ˶սһƬһƬգΪҶãǻѩڻһƿһ󶴣չҶǰ
͸󶴣ҶƿԸоǺصɱ⣬Լҫ档һƬƬƣΰ׳ͷ
ͻȻҶһ뷨
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ͷͬѿһ㣬Ҷл֮ȥҶջסˣûȥһ̽
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عҶƷǾѾߣʣĲҲԼǳˮһ㣡
ҶƿٵĸǾʩչһһʩչ˹ȥ
Ǿ˵ٶȻһģ·ˡСÿһȭܷһɽ嶼δ֪
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Ҷ͵ͳ˻ʱʣǰݺݵһ̡ϣ罣Ľɫâ˻ʱʲдƣһǿһ£·Ҫ˵궼޷ֱӡ
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Ǿۺ֮еɵǿҲҶģʵǿ
ʲôһסֱԼ۾
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Ҷ˻ʱʣ͵ؼսȭסһʱ䣬ڰ֮УȭӰͬ׹䡢ʯײŰ裬ң
ɽڲƬըһһӶʱҷɣԽԽ࣬ǧ̤ڣ
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飡
ÿһײ޴죬Ѫӿʹ衣鼸Ҫ˺ۿƬѪᡣ
Ȼ˺ݶ
ҧгݣȻһȫ𣬷ȫ⣬Ϳһܹͣ󣬼ӲԶʯȼ棬͵ؽΧпռ䶼˻ĹΧڡ
Ƭռ䣬յñݣҶȭͷըΪǳƬ
ɱ㣡
׼Ҷ֮Ǿŭţ˫ڰһ泤ӣҵڲϵ˻ţ
Ҷƣһն䡣
һɽҪնϣһƬ򣬶Ҫڸɾ

ʯײҰ⣬ֱ
ҶƵ֣ץס˻Ϊ޽֣
ħ𣬱Ҷôһץʱһ˲Ϩ
⡭⡭һգգҶƣҰľ
ҲȲҶƣȴκλʤĻᣡ
ֱ˾
ҶȻֻǾǱˣߣ̣·һŻ磬ʱħ٣ѹֵؿռ䣬Ť
Ҫ˫ϥͷ
סǻģһҧһֻ֣̾졣ͷ磬ӴҶƵԴݺ
´ˣ
ҶһգѲǿ־˲ֻһ죬бӲѹһݺݵĴӿ䣬·ҳ⡣

һĲҽУոշȻֹ
ҶӰ죬һѪһ㼤Ǿеͷâݺײš


907 ޴˧
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Ҷưȭͷ֮ϣþȫǾ˵ͷҹȥһʱƬˣ֣
˱ҶӭԼ˷ޱȡ˭֪Ȼǿǽͬ㡣ֻҪǿĲͷĶܵӰ죬֧׾Ӷܡ
ôû뵽ǣǰƺЩ̫һﲻһأ
׵ȻܹԼײҿӣԼܹԼѹȥԼ嶼˺Զ
˸еױȵˡ
񣡡
Ǿ˻ͷѵҶ˫üһٴǰһƯڿУ޴˭ϵȻǿˣ
໣
˷ŭţƾȻһףȥĻǿǶˣ
ҶҧҧǿӵȫԸ
ȭͷһ⣬Ӵݿһ㳤ֱ롣Ǿ˵ͷ˲ײ飬Ծ⣬˳ƱȭΪָ˾˵ֱ֮С
͵عϵ⣬ݺݵһ˺Ǿ˵첲ֱӱ˺ƬѪ衣
飡
ҶеİͬըըǾ˲ֱ﷢ĺ¡¡졣ֱۣɲ֮·һĴ
Ǿ˵Ƥŵ£ü͸͸ƤĿ淭ӿѪϡһӣԼܵëϸѪܣڰͨ
һеһУҶƸовϷΪܣֶĸŻĸо
֮͵ؽٷˡеĹʿתעǾˡ
ȻҲȲʵ𰢶ҪԶˡȻҶܹսʤôԸˣҲ£
ҶʹĻ϶ܹʱնɱ˵ġûʹõǸո
ȡſռڵҶȫɫ֡һ޷Զʮֹ죬Ҳ֡
Ǿ˵˫ԽԽ󣬾޴Ƥ򣡹˼֮䣬ֲŰĵʹ
ΪȲǱȽϸ߹ˣҲﵣμ๤ݸߣʵҲǿȻû˭ҷģ
ǽգһʵҶ˵ǿЦġǻûλݣͻȻը
Ҷ˫ֲٿһȦȦɫ棬͵Ǿ˵ĽŵһһɵĻ泯Ϸӣջһʮ׸ߴĻȦǾȫС
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ɽ֮ϵЩﶼŭĳҶûʲôǻۣͼĲߣвǶȲ
Щ޷԰յҶκ˺һɽ֮ϣ·ȥеӲģԱס塣еģֱˤ⽴ˡ
Ӵһʱϰһһӿ糱ˮһȥ
˵Ӵ󣬵ǣʵԵʱϵĳԽͲܴκˣ
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֮УкܶȺķΧҶʩչϺˮͻȻ̣ȫ
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һŵʯֱҴһԴĴ󶴡ɽ㹻ߣǾ˾ôֱӹȥӴ޴һʱҲĴˣһѪܡ
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Ǵ˧أȻڴҰףҲҲУǾȻվԾੲݵ
Ҷʵǲ˳ǹһ˿Ц˧λ˧
Ȼ֪˧֮ڣ޴˧˭ҳƴ˧Ǿ̲סһЩϢܿȥ
Ҷܹо֮Ѿʮˣò˶ãͻϨ
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ҶưְԼУ޴˧ȻҲһҲӦøײ¡һλǿߣĿǰԼﲻġ
ȻԼȡߵĻ졣ʲô޲޵ģͷ˵ɣ
ԭ޴˧ҶƺٺЦţһ˿
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ǾԭѾȥ˫ͻȻŬҪҶ˵
ƽһˣ
ĵײţȴ塣֪ԼһαɣԣҲŬ׳׵Ļ


908 ˮ
׾˭Ȼҵ˧ĿǸзŭĺţ޼¡
ҶƿЩϵҲǵ˵ͷкηµĴ֮һһΣģ
֮˭Գ
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Ĵףÿһǿĸ֡ʵҲߵȲˣ
ʲôŭģ̲סһѪ̲סĲϢȻޱȣ
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˵أˣôĵӣҶߵеϷ֮ɫȴǱ¶ɡ
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ʵҶðĴףҲûеġһݿȥ鷳ʲô£Ҳ˳Ļˮ
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Ҷ˵һҵĲλ棬Ȼ档
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һΣ׬ˣˣҶмѣƾĸȻҲֻǿֲ˶ʱ䡣
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ɽ֮ͻȻ籡һǿѹϢ·й飬ѷ籡ڿռڳˢĹ켣
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Լǧ׳ĿҶһͺһΪ͵䣬һĥ̴СĿʯֱӱ¡
ǿʯѿڴ⻬ͬ棬ɴ˿ɼҶƵ޴󣬶ҶոѿأѾһʮֲֿĵز
ǿʯܵҶƵǣãĲ濪ʼִƬƣžը졣
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ʱҶôһɶγɺʵĿʣҲѲϣ
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һ롢ڷӿײšžҪըһ㡣
ը죬ϴҶڰյۻըϸܵƣͬݺύĿġ
аħ˻Ƶ糱¶ȣ½飬ӶУžžڰտһ޴󾧱ڡ
ɣÿһƬ棬һŤףֺ˵ı顣
Թаܰһ죬Ⱦ˼Ҷƣӭ¡
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ڴѵ죬ڰԶԶץӸΣͷƤը
ʱһһĹȥˣܿ죬ȫеʣȻֻʣ಻ԭʮ֮һĳȣ
ˣ׵ĳҲˣ
ţѸٰѿ˿ռָ֮Уǳһ
ЩҶƣղҶƵĶҲֱӵ߸ǵ֪Ǹûʲôǻֻۣǵľúܲ˼飬˶ѡ
֪˭ȵͺ˼ĲȫɽԾȥ
ֱӳ·ȥǧֱˤ⽴ģҲ޷⡣
ܿ죬вﶼȥɽ֮Ծ£ˤ˴룬ֻٲ⡣
ҶƸտʼΪǵľٶе֣Щȫʼ˺ҧǾ˵ʱҲͻˡ
ǲıܣڸ֮ıܣҶ˴ͷţһ⣡
ʵԽǿĲ̺ŵҲԽࡣЩѪ֮У˵ǿĲÿһÿһѪǿЩڵ͵ȵĲ
Ǿ˵֮˲䱻ʳһҲûʣ¡
һĻĻҶҡҡͷЦ
ǲ̰Ҷƿǰࡣ
ֺް취ϾǶûǵģֻǱѡжϡ
ԣǻ᲻ϧԼɽֱ֮Ծ£ΪܹȥЩ֮⡣


909 ͻϮ
һȥģùûκεֱˤ⽴ȥģҲֻһСЩĲǲʬ϶ġ
ΪЩıܲٿǵҪ
ֻʳͼǵֵǮ㲻Ҳⲻ˱ǿɵˡ
ҪЩͱҪǿ
Ȿìܣôìܵϵȴ˼ʮ꣡
γɹ޻˻ףҶҲŵΣϾԼҲƼˮ꣬ͷ֮һȹơҰԼҲûʲô⣬һԼҵϰͶŸոշֱûãԼͿ˼ӣЩصɣ
ϾײǲԼͬ࣬Ҳ˰
ôʲôҶ̾˿ҡҡͷⲻλ棬ͬ޸Ƽһ㣬ûûһЩʵԱȫ׸ˡ
ԣ˵ûʲôβεģֻ뿪ҶƵͬʱҲ׼һĿꡣ
Ǿǣ뿪ⲻλ棡
ô˵ţҶҲնһõ˲ٵĺô֮ʵĿĿʯΪ󣬶ʵؼӲޱȡȻҶ˵ûʲôãøʦĻ¾Իϲģ
һʲƸҲһЩĶ
ǣеǰᶼǣҶܹ뿪صɽȥһжǿ̸
Ҷٶȷɿ뿪ֻһżȻò˵ǲġ
ЩĿģ֪ıߡӰ֪ⲻλϸ񻮷ֿԼ˿̾ʹ֮Ե
Ҫ뿪ⲻλ棬֮ѣϰͶѰ꣬ûҵʲô·Ѷɴ˿ɼһߡ
Ҷٶȷɿ죬ֻǰʱҶƾԶԶ뿪޴˧֪֮󣬿϶˸ԼʱٲߵĻ߶߲ˡ
ȻҶ뿪һʱ֮ͻȻӰԶʳ֣űֱͿյɽ覴ѡ
˭

Щ߲ѣֺް취Ϊף˿ʮ֮ˡ
һ·ϣҶܹ֮ĲҡҡλεţƺǶûʲô־һ㣬ȫƾ豾ε
һЩȽǿĲҶƵĴڣһ죬ϧҶƸûʱǣƾƢ϶Ҫɱġ
ЩֻͼģҶһȤûС
ˢˢˢ
Ҷǰʱ֮ͻȻ˰Žһɽڰո߸Ҷƣѹȥ
ͷ¶βɸҳҶһЦһȭƣ
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ҶܵĿֹͣ죬ȫȭӰһȭȭ
ȭӡռ䶼ӡǣѪƴ㡢޼᲻ݵƣɲ֮䣬ͽɽ÷ֱըͬ޴̻
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֮һӰǱĵһȫںĺˣĿŭ㶥ҲȲʵôǿҲţ
Ǻƴȣһȣ⣬һӱˢøɾһȭͷžǽը죬·ʯײ
Ż桢ҽ͸£۳ӡ
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䣡
˻ϣһ𣬴ƬŨսҪ˲侾һ㡣
Ѹۣŭֱۼ⣬䶯ͬҽ緢Ȼһᡣ
䣡
ҽӣը٣һ޸ȵ¶ȣΧȫǺ˺УնǶֹͣת·ǰһ̤ܽ顣
ֳֻ޸һӣƻֺ꣬ޡӸϱڶ
飡
Ƭգ渲ǣըһڡһռѷֳ
ǻ޸һң޴죬
Բʮɲ֮䣬ɻ溣󣬰֮УͬҽҽĽӿ
ǺˣҶܹԷǲʵֶζĺܣϸ
˭ֻҪ֪ձ
Ǻо޸ɽѵأ񷣬ҽ֮ƬըѣҽڰշӿҶƣҪû
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⣬ٲҶһſֲ꣬߶
Զڶǳɲ֮䣬ҡҡ׹
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Ϻɫϼɲ֮䣬ǺΧơ
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̬һ㣬סĶޱȳٻ
Ҫ߶ȴŭ֣ǿݽߵȪˮڽޱȻ
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䣡
ҶɲǼӳȭȭӡײڽڰθߣͬܲҡˮԶԶ˵һȭʮ
ΣյϢǺȫëͷƤæ
ͫУҶһȭ£ƾճ־޴Уз·ʷ֣ǻŤתǬԼѹ
֮ռȫŤ۵һۣࡣ
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һ۳צ˺Ǻ˵סĲӡ
ʲôǺϼ⣬ŨŨ־壬һļ⣬йƤ򣬿ήȥ
ңǺ˹ʾҶƷɾ˲͵һץ
кһ죬ź棬һֻͻצǵأҶץ¡

צûҶƣһ绡͵Ծڰ費⣬ӣֱޣŻצس˹ȥ
绡ͬһݺצһֱֱۣ׹⣬צյһ͸
ʲôǺ˼ֱԼ۾
ֱۣͻȻͬһը
ž
ը죬ֱ̻ըòȺ䡣
޴ˣգǺƺһʮֻð첲üû˸о
Ҷϣһ˿ûб
Ҵܣ飬һͷͷ˺ѵͬʱ泤泤ǹͬʱ֡쳤ɣ춯أ𵴣޴죬źˣǵأȻ䡣
̫ף
绡Űѹ壬ѹ˴Уʱҡҡ׹


910 Ѫɫ
Ǻ˻һźڹ⣬͵سҶƳȥһɲƺǺʱӳ˵绡İΧȦӰֻһ˸ͳҶͷ
̫ˣǺȻк֣˵˿ѾйâȻʢԾɳ档
ͷҶƣɭȻһЦ͵һţԲʮɲǼѿը顣ѿ˴ƬһĴ˻Ӵѹ֮У
ҶƼһĻйâ˸˵һ񣬵ɳġͬһԾ͵ؽȫĻۣѪɫӹɷڰ飬޵
ҶƵΧռڵвл꣬γһֹĴųЩȫڵĻ޵ĻǣʵȻҲǼǿģ
ôһҶγһӴĴųǺƵġѪɫӭź˷ǹ͵ײȥɲǼ˾ײ
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պƺҪһ㡣ҶƵѪɫ֮ϣǷӾͬͻȻգһʱǧ֮ڶѪڹХѡ
ಣ
綼ЩģƺҲΪҶƵĹã
޾ҹɫҵ²ɣҶ΢΢һЦΪƸֳ꣬͵һ֣ǳĳӿסѹ£
Ӵĳƺ޾Ѫɫƺնǡ޵ľ֣ƺȫ¶ڲĲš
䣡
ȫǺѹȥ˻ڿĻţķҲֵǸߴɽ壬Ҳܹ˲佫ĥƽ
ȻǿҶƵֹƣл޿ɱ͸¶һ˿֮ɫ˫ȭ߬ٶȼӿ졣
꣡
ͷ綷˫֮Ҳų޾Ѫ⡣ƺҲǶŭɱĳˣ
̤˻ģ
͵һ֣ǹɶӲĳҶƵѪɫ֮У治ϵķţţţ඼ͬһֻĴֺݺ߬˵࣬ɲǼͻΪ⣡
ѪɫӱһŪĲҲΡֱ𺳵Ըӣ֮ϣһ޴ѪӣȻķֳΣмֿʮ롣
̣
ѪɫӱţٵšѪϢ˱Ƕ̲סüѪɫ֮УȻһЩʬ壬Щǲλ泤Ĳĸͷ
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ѪɫͻȻˣžҵĸ£²ϷڣǿĲﴦУҲֱܿӱ΢ޣ
Ҷͨ׾ѪʩչֶΣֱ˾
ǺȻʵҲ˫ֿٽӡؿγһױȵƣγһޡһŻĶߣ߸ߵİͷӣżһνҲܹ벻ЧһһĲʳŶֵ
ҶȻҲû뵽˻һ֣⧲֮䱻޺ݺݵĳ˼ϡ
˲ѣϳһɼǵ˺ۣҵʹҶƲɵɫһ䣬ҲǺܿľͳʹ˵ȷ㲻ֻжвѡ
ں˵Ҷƾ͵ڶʱڷϵһֱۡĻָˣҪȫָҲֻ˵˵ͿԵġ
ҶûлָõʱڣǺ˵Ļᣡ
ҶҲ˶ֵѲɫ˫۶ǺеĳޣƺڷһεĽ
˼ҶЩţҲдϲֻⳤޣһ룬ⳤ޾ͱǰδеѪϢҲˡһѷĳâüϹ˵۾
עҶͷƵѪӣҲǲ˲һնȥѪɫӺȻը㸲ŵڷڣƺܹǬ񷣡
ڰγһ޴УӴͬڶһ㣬ҪΧһȫУԶ
䣡
ǳ͵֮л˲䣬֮еȫ飬γһ޴У֮вϵĽţǺһͺȣ˲ըǣҶб
ôһͳɹĵڷڡ
Ůɢһ㣬ҶƳ֮⣡
֣˵ľ绹ҪԼ֮ϡֻΪ֮ǰص̫ԼȻӦˡ
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ҶƵľ粻ֻǶѣ㾭ܳʱսۣԼͻƵףǵľȴʵʵģ
ǺȻԿǵɣȻû·磬ҶҲǰ˺ˡ
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Ҷҧҧ˫͵س߷ȥѪɫֱӻû˱״жʱ·գ̻̽ɣ˿һۣ۾ʹֱƺҪˣճɻң
ҶܵձѹüҪϲŨܣҪǺ˿ɣ
ŰǺƺȫܹסûӰ쵽κζЩԽսԽµͷ
ĵٵŸ£ͬĸǰϵĺ濾šǺһХ˺ѳգӿһӾҶȫע⡣

Ҷ׾ѪѸٷڣֽƺͬʱܵ˲ٿأ͵ذѺ˵ɡ
գĵûǺ˵ʱ۾֮˲⣬һХ͵˳գϿյǳҲ֮²ҡҷš
ƣҶ̲סһ͡
һӴϢЯŹħڰѸͣ·Ҫȫ
ǿĲҶ˸Ũصľ֮ɫܹоԷҲǲȴ̾Ϊֹ
ѵȲʵôǿô
ᣡҶ̲ס͵ʩչһȥǺԹâ˸һ£ͬţ뺣Ϣ
ʲô
£ҶҲЩ˼飬Ҫ֪Լпôɾͱ˵ֵ£ǶǰⲻȴֱʧȥЧ
ôҶսˣĵĹâȻû赲סĹƣһʱҶڵЩ׽⣬˵ԪڷΧռڵʵ̫󣬸Ͳ䲻
ǺҲǵˣƺ֪ҶʵЩãٵ׷˫ȶͻȻҶΧµˮйͨ
ҶƺЩ䣬͵ظ˶һƣҶһһѪ


911 ݱ¶
ղҶƵĸоƺȫһ˽֮ϣʹκҾԼҲΪ֮ˡ
ֱۣѾޱȣƺʹκˡ
Ҷ˵ȻޱȿµġҲη壬þȫײš
ҿλţǺŭһͻȻžҵɫܻ棬һ˺ѳգ
ͷͣһͳҶƵļ򣬺Ȼն䣡ҲûκأһȻҲȫΪ
ǿ󣡡
Ҷ˸һ˿ҵĹâǸƺгۿһеĹâͻȻת䣬ӿʼ֮ɫɲǼøֱӱ壬ͬһȪһٵռҶƵڡԪͨܣһʱҶȫ¶
ˣҶڸеѹȻֻ֮ǰǾǿһȣսʵȴһһ£
֮£Ҷֻʹ
ȻʹҶƾѾ˿˻·ˡϾ鲻ܴȥģԼڲλ潫粽У
ȻҶָѸײڶ֮ƣɫ泤ķ͵һָ̽
͸һָ
ҶƳ˵һɽ֮¿֮һ͵ԵĴ򷨣ҲǺʺҶơ
ݣ
һɫĹâһ㣬ֱ˺˳ա

ϸŵɫҲһӾͱҶƵָ޴ڳ֮תţϵɫ顣
޴ҪŤռ䡣γһĴų˵ĳ޴
֨
һĺǺûĳȻŤһ黨Ѿȫϵˣ˵ֱ۶бŤϵΣգ
˺Ѱʹֱ۴ǺҲ˲䷴Ӧ˹ٵ³˺
ٶȣһ
ʮָȫӲšϣƤըѣ׹ǴѪ⣬¶˳
ƣǱ޹ǵļצһŤòӣѪͬȪˮ˿֮ӿȾ˴Ƭ棡
ҵʹú¶Ķͷ𣬲ϵ䶯ţͬһ㡣
ڶƺߣҶһָѾǰ
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˼ŵʱһָٶ͵ؼӿ죬˲ᴩǺ˵ļιǣ
ղţһָٶȺͻȻ֮ļҲѣֻһѰ
ɱǼΪǿģһָƴ͸˼ι֮˿˲ɢ
żϵĶԴҲ¶һȿ޻ҪѿЦݡڿѾѪζƤⱻսĽζⶼҶƵĽ
̣ȫǵʯɲǡʵҶԼûзԼĹôǿ󣬽˿˲
˵ĺˣһ첲ȫȫϵˡ˵̧ˣһ°ŵĶ޾ľʹ
Ҳţ˵ѾȫŤˣƺҶűԹ
һŭȣǰƻܣγһɽ۽ҶƵͷ䣡ܵĿյݣԲĿռ䣬һӾͱյĲѿ
ȣ
Ӷ֣ĵ满⣬Ӳͬ򷢳նҶơ
һʱ䱻ᴩƣˣƲʶˮ䣬ȫڿУʧ
ӿٶȰҧص䣬ǻٶ˲ӣס˵۾޷׽
ҶƲ˫۷ֱ͵ͷųȥӴʶϵɨΧռ䡣
Ļ£˵Ǻ˵ĹһֻӬɹҶƶܹĸо
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ҶܹĿЩ֮еĽƣȻ谭õġҶƲô⣬һ˲伤˻ĵ֮еĽȫ
սȭף
ҶһŭȭͻȻ˫֮ϡȭ֮Ҷƣоľ޴Ӵ棬ҶֻһֱۣһŨҵͻȻ˸Ĺâǧţնʧ

ҶƹЦŻӳȭȭͷĹӰʱǧӰڰս֯ܲһŴ
ҶʮּĶ֣Լ˵ҲһҸ
ʹ죡
ꡢħڴϣÿŭһܿռ䷨ȫѡ
飡
һը죬ѹĻ棬ȫ÷飬Уʵ˿ʣ
ͷѹĻɽ״ƣҶһȣݣ̻һ
Ҷϣ籡ӿκһϡͬһ޴ħصһţ̤ڴϡʱɽݣѱ䣡
·飬÷飡ûأǿ˹
һĻǺ۾ԽԽ󣬸е֫ȫѪҺҪͣ
㣬㲻ףǺ˷·ͻȻӡ֤ʲôһ㣬ŭҶƣо֮ɫ˸ҲǷ֣ҶƸͲʲôףʵ
˵ﶼǣȴܹһһ׵ôأ
ûֻϧڲŷ֣Ѿ̫ˣһ˫ȭףҶдһ˿Ȼ֮ɫⲻսȭʶƺҶƱϳһ壬һȭܹеĻ渲˸˸оӴѹ
ģ㾿ʲôˣ
֪ԼѾȫҶƵĶˡҪܣܣ޾Ϣ·һֻֻ֣Ѫ⡢꣬ȫԭأá
ޱ߿־壬ʱͷȫսµ˼㡣
ԣֻܾʱ䡣ϣҶָܹĻᣬֻܹһٳȥ
Σֻ·һˣҶƹһЦҲǿ͸˵ͼȻҪʱģϾΧ֮жޱ޼ʵҪָǺɵġ
ҶƲɵ˿ĵ޷ָȻҲռƷʯʱ䣬ֻսپ
һХҶ͵һȭͷһӴĻ⻷׷Ǹ£ڿлһ⣬ط򣬰У
һȭƺԼָܹоǰһ߷壬ҶҲԲһе߷壬ɽ壡
գҲֻҵƿ֮жѣ
Ҷĵطǲսȭ׵ʵ
ǺΣֻܿٵӴšѾսʱˣӴܵʱ䣡ԼҶƵĶ֣Ҫֻӣ
о޲û뵽ҶƾȻףλߣ
˵ߣƺʲôɫҲǱüΪѿ


912 ؼ
Ҷƿ˿ԼĿⷢ˾ҵת䣬ҲаáȻ֪ʲôԷҲɵԼֶôԣѾȻǲλˡ
Է϶Ѿ֪ԼΪߵ飬Ȼ˵ĻԼ͸ûʲôˡֱӿ쵶ն飬ɱˣ
ȻԷȲŷḻսҶȴ˿塣ȲΣƾԼʵȲҲɱ
һ뵽о󼤶ڲλôʱ˵û߾磬ǶڴԼսľ飬ȴƾһأ
սȭ˲ųõĹâҶйâ˸͵ػӳһȭһȭȻƽ棬Ƿ·ɲǼ䴩͸գֱӿԽ˺Զľ룬ʱ谭һͳǺǰ
Ҷƴ򵽵һ
˿ʩչҲǷͬ죡ֱӾͷ˵·ƱҪһɱ
Ǻͽ͵ĳȥ޿κΡҶһȭڵѾﵽһµĸ߶ȣǸ޷ֶֹΣ
з֮ɫһţȻԼ޷ܣôֻսˣҧأ˸ܻ棬˫͵ؿһдʡ
ɲǼ䣬һɫһ׻촫뻮һޱȵѹ
Ǻɫ֮Уϵ߳˵ӰľȻվڵ֮ϡ
ҶһȭҲ͵赲סˡӴĴ磬Ǻ˻̲סľ޲
ǿ󣡡Ǻ̲סһѪ˸һ˿ɫ
ɫʧֻʣ´Ӻ֮߳Ҷ۾ǣһˣʮ֮
Щȫںصĸֿ棬ֻ¶һ˫նۿ˸Ʈҷ֮ͷأһǺֱϵĸߴ޽ʮ׿˶ߡվڵϣͷ·һƶĸݡ
鷨ʦҶüǺˡ
ӰҶ˽⵽֮ĵжԹʯ֮ôһа鷨ܹò֮ΪֶΣˡ
Ϊ鷨ʦĴڣúʯ֮һһεڸ֮ս֮дͬˮƽ
Ҷû뵽ԼվȻһ鷨ʦҿʵ鷨ʦ
ȻҶư鷨ʦƼˣʹٻؼսʿȷ
ЩؼսʿҶƲ֪ʵӦҲӦò
ЩײųߵĹͷҪĻ㡣
һĽɣȥأʵϺʮ㣬ȫһ׵ٽսʿϲκθԱͨͬҪǿ
һǣЩ׾ɵĻؿƣڲҪʹõʱ򣬿ԽϳһͨӱڱϣҪϵʱֻҪսʿϣ»ذťʮĹһ׸ݾȫװϡ
ֱЯս˵ĿףȻҲǼΪףԺʯ֮һҲûжס
ؼսʿһӳʮҶ̾˿û뵽ȻֶΣؼսʿʯ֮ǧףֱʲС
ǺһҶƵ۾֮ǳޡ˵ҶܹƵϣѾǼΪѵˡ
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ãԲսȭ׵
䣬ҶƵѾԭʧ
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Ҷƺݺһŵ棬ٶȷɿ죬ƾɱըԵԶԶ˳ȥ
ֻһ󾢷ɨûعͿվǰĸװսʿͬƤһŤɲ˼״ױ⣬սʿȻҲǱ̤һȫΣͷѿɢһء
ߣ
һߣҶƵȻؼսʿм䣬һ֮£ͬʮϯʮ׵ķΧ
ǣ
һΧؼսʿûüͱгʮ飬ɢ䵽ϣͷҲΪ촷ۡ
һŻͷҶƽ£ۿ֮е֮˸ţҶƺǣֱ̧Ųȥ
һŸŤ֨˲䱻ȱ⣬Ҳȵķ顣
գ۵ĹؼսʿҶһ˲չֳǺ˸о׹ѡ
ǿÿٶȣǺһ˿֣̿Ϊôؼսʿܹʱ赲Ҷƣֻ赲һСҲˡΪȷҪʱָڸɺԵ
ô˵һСˣôؼսʿҶһӶ޷ֹɣ
һ뵽оһ󾪻ʧ룡Щؼսʿ൱ĵȲˣȻо׹һɣ
ҶƶԼսȭȻʮ⣬˵ͷϴЦݡ
ЩؼսʿǰԶŲһȭ˵ֱɱ
ʮؼսʿԾɻӶ޽ԼҶҲٶȷͬͻ˽Ⱥһգ۵ĹмؼսʿҵڵأоԶûüĶ
Ǿ޽ǰһ㣡ҶɵһȭҶϣеĺòҶϣȴҲֻǻ˵Ѫۣ
ôôǿǺԽԽԾѾڽĻָˣۿЩѾֹ˶ˣû뵽սܹҵؼսʿȻɵɱ
ǺҲ޷ܣ͵̧һӣһɫĹâһƿռ䣬Ҷƣ
ҶֻоɫĹâ˲ϢͳԼ˫
˵һֺܶҶƸؼսʿսʱͻȻ֣Ҳ˷ʤ
Ҷƶ۹۰˷ͬ۾һ㣬˲תһȭǺɫâ֮ϣ
꣡
ǺɫâһڿУѾҶһȭ飡ӴҲûͷųֻεĲ˼¾ʹգâʧ֮С
ҶɭһЦǺ˵㼱ʲôڳɱ㣡
ԵôİԵ
һɲǵɱ˸еϢ
ǾԵѹƣ޷
ȻϣµϣҶƱǿ̫࣡ԼԸһҲĶ֣
ܿ죬ʮؼսʿȫɥҶƵȭ֮£սȭ׸Щײ˲䣬ܹڵʹȫݻ٣촷ۡЩ׿ƼӲʵҶƵһж޷ֹ
սϣֻʣҶԼʮؼսʿȫڵص֮


913 ս
ˣһжˡЩؼսʿѾȫΪӰֻʣҶվԭأ˫֣԰ˡ
ʯ֮鷨ʦΪʲô֮Ҷһ˿ǵĹâѲɣʲôı
ıףŭһߣʲôʸ˵ңҵɣ
ߣֵԭ޷ǾҵĿҶƲмƲƲ֮ǰ͸оڰңΪǴû뵽ģò˵󷨺˼ȻҶ޷׼ȷķλ
Ǻ˲ЦһߣΪʲô׵ҿʵΪҲѾﵽȲΪʲô
˭˵ֻܹ֮Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ҲûܹȫԼչ׾ѪҲԵʮɡֱܹһм򵥵ȽϸģֻܹԼˡ
ҶҲûκʧ츳ֱ붼ġ裬ӵκĿı£ͨԼ⣬ָ
ãʧˣû뵽һߣȻ뵽֮֮УǺ˿ٵĻָԼҶһۿͼ
ûõģ㲻ҵĶ֣ȫָ˽ҲһҶƺĹһЦǿ̬ĻָѾܹڲ֮أ鷨ʦŪʲôֶΣҲֻͽЦ϶ѡ
˵ʲôҶƺȻЩȤҲʵ
֮޴˧ףһֱǺܲϵġǺʯ֮ҲԼ뷨ǾǴڲʼ߽޴˧׵ĹϵӶﵽЧӦֻҪһڸܣǺʯ֮лˡ鷨ʦʵʵ
ԣһλ鷨ʦǱ֮ĸطΪľܹøԴ֮Ĺϵұ䵽ǡ÷޴˧һΪĿ꣬װ׵˭֪ͻȻָ˾֡Ϊʧˣʵȴ෴޻˴ǣ˵һܺõϢ
鷨ʦһЦȻҲǼΪ˷ܡ
޴˧¸׿϶ҲǺʯ֮Ļᣡ鷨ʦһ˵ţһ߹Цš
Ҷ˼ĵ˵ͷ˵ô˵һһСľͳȫǵļƻأ
ûߣʵҲܿʵǿ͹˳Ǻʯ֮ΣѾ֮ԩҲûпܻȥˡǺʯֻ֮ҪӦҸұ֤һĴ𸴣鷨ʦҲǲŹκλᣬȻҶƽ˵
ϧҶô׾ܹ˵ģ
ܸʲôҶЦ
鷨ʦҶƾȻʣҲǼѡֻҪԷϸԼ˵Ǿ˵е̸ԷмĻ϶һȭҹˡ
ʵǿǵĻһȨΪʯ֮ƾ֮ã鷨ʦҶһõδ
Ҷ˿ûȤ
ָĲ˰ɣҶͻȻڵ
㣬˵ʲô鷨ʦЩƺǱ˲ʹ
Ӹղſʼһֱʱ䣬ҪָΪҲ֪ôʵ˵ָ֮Ҳû취ߣɣ
鷨ʦɫһһף͵һҧ¹˭δ֪
˵ţ͵ػһźɫɲǼʧԭء
Ҷ۾ĿϢĿ۲ܵһһû뵽鷨ʦǱĲҶҲЩˡҲûʲôϵҶ˵ֻҪ춯ô˲ڵķλ
ڵĿĹ۲£û˭ܹϢĶܹȥ
ȻҶͻȻԼǰĿЩȶ˫üֱһЦˣҹ
գҶһƺӴֱĿʵռѿһǱӰ͵شѷ֮еǺˡ
˿ޱǱѾˣȻ£ķҲήһ㡣ҶƷһƺУȻҲʹ಻
ۣ
鷨ʦ͵һѪɫή
㣬Ķôᷢңôᣡ鷨ʦƺǲһһٵ
ҶҡҡͷЦΪʲôϲˣΪξܹҵ̽飿̫ˣҸ㣬ЩСֶȫ㲻ʲôֻʣµСϷѣ
ôᣬҡҿ鷨ʦ鷨ʦŭģ̲סһѪǼˣ˫ȭ߬ýģҪҶƴȴûʱ
ɣ
鷨ʦ߳ŭ˫ֽ˦ɫƣЩڿл̺ޱǿڽӴ˵˲䣬ҲͻȻը
ըܹһСɽ¸Ϊƽأ
ƴҲܸһ˺ΪʲôǲأҶһ˦ԪػûǽͻȻ֣鷨ʦϮĹ֮ϡ
ҲţҲţ鷨ʦȻѾǺˣԾɲϵͷŸָķƺҶƲݣ޷Ŀ
Ҷ˫ȭͻȻһ΢΢һЦȻôִҾһ̡Ҳҿһ£ⲻսȭٻսʵ
˵ţҶưȭ׵ͼһ𣬽һõͻȻչֳޱȵĴʥࡣһӼͲεִأһӰ֮
һȫĹûɵӰӣģ壬ƺûκα顣ȴ𾪣ɵʵ
ȻⲻսĴʱֻжݵһʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ˣ
˵ⲻսǰҲһգҶҲ뿴ֶΣһӵսܵһֻȫͬĴڣ
ⲻսյҶƵҲǿһ˳ȥõȫ˸һȭһȭɽʯ֮ϣ֮纣Х

ƿ֮ͻȻȭͷ޴󣬶صļɡȻⲻսûԼʶֻƾǰսıܣͲκһλͬȼɣ
ҶƱ˫֣ڹһ㡣ֻⲻսٳ֣鷨ʦûκλ֮ȭžƵ鷨ʦٻķ֣һȭ£鷨ʦؿںȥ

鷨ʦŭĲҽţҲǿѪ
ȻѾ첻ˣǲսȴԽսԽ£ƺһҪƷ档


914 ֮
ڣ鷨ʦϢԽԽҲһաҪȡſеҲǺް취Ͼĵٶ̫ˣٶĿԡ
൱һ޴ˮأһһȭͷСĶڲϵĳעˮһһĥ̴СĿϵĳˮö֮ˮˮŸɾˣעˮҲ˲ɣ
鷨ʦ˿̺ȻͣҪƴĶܲսĹ뷨ֻͽ͵ģ𲻵κЧã
սԾǿһȭһŶܹ׾ٵƶ֮ǿƣתɹֶθϣԾǿȥҲǰ鷨ʦĻ겻ᣬȫľڷ棡
ԼôһֱȥĻò˶ãͶȻΪսµˡһ㣬֪ôûκΰ취ʵֻĿдõľ籾һķչȥ
ʵˣ鷨ʦ޷ֻܱķģģҲ׽֧׾
磡
սͻƵ谭һȭ鷨ʦؿڣʱؿȥһѪ屻ֱҷɣ
һֱײ޴ʯ飬鷨ʦͣһ޴ʯԱߡˤ棬ӡһ޴ͺۼ
ֻоԼλһ㣬ʹȫҪŴȥǸоȫﲻӿѪĭ
ȿȿȣ
鷨ʦҪǿվȴԼѾʧȥսؿھҵʹѾȫ޷԰Ρ
ҡҲģİ鷨ʦŲ߽Ĳս꣬Ҳһ˿֮ɫ
ɵȻҪ顣սȫҶƵһ壬ҶƵϧɱԼ
ôţ鷨ʦоһ޿Ŀ־ӿͷƽʱһֱǴ˿־ģû뵽ҲʵƷһ־ζ
һֱڰĻҲᷢ١ƫҪվҵ⣬ɾҲˣҶƹ֪֪Ϊ˵õЩʯķ˶ȻҪָߣ̫ˣ
鷨ʦҶƵĻǻһѪвϵԹԼΪʲôҪô̰ģԼ֮ڲĹϵӶγìܣۿҶѾɹİìܼ޻ǣԼҪնȥ
ԭѾˣԼѾ߱ȥʸˡȴΪԼ̰ģ
ۣ
̲סһѪһ˫֮ȫ֮ɫ
ˣҪɱҪУϤ㣡鷨ʦҲӲ֪ԼͷˣҲҧҧŭ
ټɣҶɨһۣԲģһصʯ֮ڣҲй֮ǰǣ̰
ɵҶƸǲս´
ǲսӲ鷨ʦ֮͵̧ȭͷ鷨ʦصȥ
һ˲Хȭͷƿ֮ⲻսһȭҲޱȾ޴˳Ծ
¡
һ죬鷨ʦͬһʯֱӻΪޣǲս걣ųȭƣƺʮɡҪֻ֪һѣȻоۣҲоƣʲôġ
һУƺû֣ⲻսҲǻʧ˿УԭֻʣҶһˡ
Ȼʹ죡û뵽ⲻλ棬˴ף鷨ʦʵǿ󣬾ͬ׵ҲǲѶãʵĶ֣ҸеޱȵңҶƹһЦ˸Ź
һ֮ҶƿٵվԶڷɶȥҶҲ֪ԼĿʲôֻ֪ޱ߼ʵš
ٶȷɿ죬ϾڿзУҲֱӺ·ϵĴ󲿷ֵĲϮ
֪֮䣬Ѿɵ֮ܺʯ֮Ľ紦ڡ
˵۹紦λΪɢҵĵطһƬҵսͬʱҲһƬ˹ķ棡ⷽԲǧڣȫûκιءﶼƾԼϲø£ȻʵҪġ
ǿ߿ȥߣֻбǿɵʸ
Ƭ֮ڣֲۡǻ֯мɣǶһͬ㣬Ǿʵǿ
ֻǻ֮صΧҶƾͷ˼ȲĴڡЩҲмĲȻǿΧڻң
һҶҲ΢ЩΧѾˣĽУգ
߾紦ĵĻߵȲӦ㲻ʲô֣
ǰȥҶɫһ䡣Ķǲһȥ򣡺ѹѹһƬͷƤ飡
УмֻʵǿĲſڵϡ
ƺǸоյĿ̽ЩﰺͷǸ׵ľ룬ҶҲܹĸоԼһӭһǿĲѾԼ־ûɳֱ˵ĳҶ
СҶͻȻһɷŭĻ档ЩȻңʵǿҲ̬ң
Խô룬ҶеĻԽŨţҶƸоԼȫƺըһ㣬ͷųǿ׵ѹѹڳв
һӴľµʶͷųҶ˫˸Ž⣬ɲǼʥ·̤ܵա
嫣ӴͷųԲ״ȫѹȥ
಻׵壬бȽǿһЩֻǸܵѹӰ컹̫󣬵һʵȽľѾЩҪܲˣ
ʵСһЩģϵѾʼҵĲ
໣
һɹӴϢҶƿкɲǼϯӴĲ޲
ЩȺĲԭɵնʱһ쳹Ƕԣǵɿ쵽ɢ
ϢȻοȴ㹻ģչֳҶǿһеԼʲôϵİ
Ծ죡
ʱһһȥҶƵĳХȻڳѹǼαǿԭûʲôļǿĲ˿ͬʱһͺҲô£Χ궯ѾǸоЩ
ǣҪֹҶѾˡϢڲϵĳţһȦһȦĵȥӴѹ֮£Ҷǿ뾫Ӱ£ЩǿĲҲоĽ겻
ƺҲ޷ȥһֻ˫ͷȱŭ׳˫һգһֻսʿɣӴȻͷš
ĹǵһԼ侪˵ٶ˲


915 Х
ǵ֮·ǱȼһжͷųǿҵĹâȴǳɱ¾ĹâҲǲָĹʼˡ
֮ߣŮײǲߵȵĴ֮һܵӰٵģҲԼûзս
ʯ֮һȺ۷ʦҲǾλЩ˶鷨ʦзķҲǺη塣
ǣûȫ񲢲񲻻Ӱ쵽ǡΪײĲﱻЩѹե̫ˣɱ¾Ϊɵͬʱ󲿷ֲڶݵķ֮󣬼ŮԼ鷨ʦ˹ȥ
ʱѾһƬҡ
Ҷ˿ûйעһУֻ뵥㷢Լػ֮е֮顣ԭҪص磬˭֪Īⲻλ棬˾ˣΪ˵ֱԣһ·Ͽ˵ҲǱĲУ
˿̣ʱлб㷢
ϢʼĶ̶֮ɶԽԽǿҶСڶУǡֵı˱ײսϵìǹߴ뵶⽣ӰСìܵĽһ϶ԤʾžֲСսչȫĴս
ҵĺʼ֮ӡǱ˴սķңһ㳯ĵط죬ֻźͷϢڲ
ХڵˣС֮˲һΡӴǸ˴ϵĳˣҲУ
һֱ֮ӱȫ飬Ϊޣʧȥ֮ĲҲֱѣ߻Ϊǣ߻Ϊ⣡
ܿ죬ʼǡôĸּηưĴս档ǻֺ֮УżӴ̼Ųһߡ
ʱ򣬾ЩǿĲĹâҲһĨɫ
˵ҶƵһѹյһݣ׵ȼ֮صգ
ɱɱ
Ҷһͣ˳Х֣ԼХ󣬻ȻѵõһƬ泩
̫ˣҶ̲סֱʱԼĽ
ٴγ·ȥʱҲǳ׾סˡΪ·Ļ֮أҳһ࣡޾ɱ¾û
֮ߵȲĴڣÿһӵеʵһȫ𹥻ЧǻԵġ
һƬ֮УһЩǿĲͼҪƳ棬óͣǵļȴֻøӻҡ
ô
Ҷʼٸȫһɤӣﳹ׻
ҶĹͻȻһȴǿҵȻ·ǻƺڰһ㣬ǿĴ͸
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ǿϢ
ǴӺʯǱߴģҲ֪ĳ
֮ʯ֮Ľ㴦ôûиأ
Ǵ̶ļһ֣ڴɱ¾ͷ״̬Ĳ嶼ҵĲһ£еķѸٵı־棬ⳡҵȻɲǼͣ
еĲ˴֮ĹڶԷǰȴûٽһж
˵Ĺ룡
˵Ҳ֪ˣӵо޴ȨԵģ
ǿֻһХȻܹ֮ôɧңȤҵʼٸߣǲôǿ
Ӻʯ֮Ǳߣ𽥵ķֿһ·Զȴʼδ䣬һɫӰ˸ŵɫƣ˵Ұ֮С
ҶƵͫȻһ£Ҳ֪ʵȻޱȵǿģ
ǵӰٶȼ죬ȥǺɣһױȵӴѹĲвͬʱڵء
֮ǰĶݷɱ¾֮УҲʮ֮һѡȻǾţһë

ҶƷ֣ǵӰֵ˲䣬ԼƺӲĲܶˡӰһ˫ɨӶҲԼ̲סĻ
Ҹе⣬λѾûгˣꣿꣿ
˫ĿҶһ֮Ҳٶ
Ҷ˫ȭ˲߬ԼΪߵѾԷһۿˣ
ǿױȵǿ
Ҷʵڲ֪ô˵ʵֻǿݣ˱ɵѹȳ̶Ҳɣ
˵Ȳ
Ҷиڲ²ţҲǲȷԷʵҪǿһɣҲֻа˵Ȳϱ׼ˡھŵȲ˵ֻ֮Ĺﵽ
ȻҸе⣬̫ˣҡҡͷϧѵҲ֪ôʧصģȴ֪Ҫɱ㣬ָֻܹ쵽
Ҷƶͷϸܵĺ飬˵ȫƾʵԼ治ġ
µҶҲܹ³Էˣ
ʯ֮ʥʦӵа˵Ȳʵ
û뵽Ȼ紦
Ҷͷ󺹣ڶԷǿѹ֮£˵Ҳ˵
ʱǿͻȻ˸ҵĲһ£һɫͻȻƾûκʵԵĹôƮڿоòɢ
ҶֺܵĴ̼˸һ˿־֮ɫŸоԼƺʧһ㣬͵һͷ¡
ʱ֮ͻȻһըףͻȻը죬˶һԺϡ
ߣ
һɫ֮Ư𣬽ŰҶƽס
һĻʥʦɫЩѿޣҲҪ֣
ΪʲôҲ㿴СӣҾͲܿǺһȻһƢĲ
Ҷһʱͷ졣ޣ϶޴˧ˣҪ֪Լո޴˧Ŀȴ
Ҷлֵ̿ĺܣҲ˵ʲôо
Ǿ˼๤ʱ򴫵ݻȥϢӦѾ˵һλס޴˧˿̵֪ϢûԼǧ򶼲¶׵ʵΪװߣҲõöࡣ
װŪˣ¶㱾Ŀɣҿֳַһ·޴˧˵ʲô̶ȣʥʦЦ
ôȻ뿴Ҿ㣡޴˧ûзϣâһֳ˱塣ɲǼ䣬һƬЩǴŮȺдġ
ǲҲã鷨ʦҲãģһɲġԽǿʵͻǵԽҲ׷ΪĿ꣬һֱŬȥ
Ȼʵǿһ̶ȣɢȥ֮¶һӢаȵӣͷһ֮ɫ
ʱֳһѩ׵ĳۣɫĳɫӢûа覴ãټģʱŮ
ɫĲΧ޵建תţƺǿʵ
ͬİ˵Ȳ


916 ʥ
ҶƼУֻоԼֽűû뵽ԼȻλ˵ȲＶǿߣʥʦ޴˧֮ʮҪԼһξȻֱӴˡ
ô
Ҷ޲յ뵽Ѿߵˣ֮еһ𣬾Ȼ𵴵֮ض׻Ϊˣʥʦ޴˧Ҳ˳ֱǲ˼飬ԼҲû뵽
޴˧Ʊ꣬˵ݿ㣬ĻƢ
ʲô˼ѵ֮ڣҽһȫսô޴˧עʥʦ
ʥʦ˵޴˧ףɱ쳹ӴɤЩĤۡ
ߣޣҲֻˣˣƤӶѣʥʦȻȫȻ壬һһĻܲ޵Ķ֣ڴģս֮УҪ޴Ķ࣡
ҲΪʲôսвȫȻԭ
޵ȻҲɵصĺһƤˣǲȴһ
ô˵֮ʥʦҲϢģ͡һ˫۾֮ͷų֮ɫȻ˸ѡ
ҶȻϵǰľƣʥʦȻЩɵġԼձ޾£ȻҲҪͶұ
ݼ޴˧л˧֮ҶƼæ޾һ
ղŲ޵Ļ»ᱻʥʦֱʯ֮ǱȥȴԼģ¾һһֵĿˡ
ɣƾʥʦֶΣԼһжг
ʱͻȻ־Լݶ飬ô˵Ҳûġ
뵽Ҷһ졣Ͼոմݻ޴˧һռΪУ޻׵ϡô˵Щ˵ȥ
޴˧һЦСӣλɣ
ҶƼæ˵ͷ޴˧棡Ҳʧʱ֮У˭֪һͳλ
޴˧˫΢עҶƣһǿŰҶ޵˫ֻоԼɲǼ䱻Է͸һãȻĿ־𽥳֡
ܿ죬޴˧ջĿ⣬ĵ˵ͷҶƵ֮УûпκλԸƭǰ˵Ȳʵ˵Ҳһ۾ܿ
Ҷ˵Щʱ򣬰ͦأûаֶ֮⣬Ȼ˵ʵ
ʵҶ˵ıʵڴʱʱһСĵⲻλҲʧСڸģû˵Ҳûʡ
ĻҶĲԼ޴˧ǰǷ˵ĳڡ
ȥЪϢɣһҳ־㣬ɲһȻҲֺЩɲʲôöУȻ޴˧̵̬ҶһʱЩλҲȫа
ãл޴˧⣡ҶҲ飬һ֮Ǳ߷ȥ
ʥʦĻûκΰ취ֻҧĿߵ
ȥ޴սһԼǶ֡
ҶƷɳû׵ʱͻȻһＱæɵ޶ԣ˵һЩʲô
޴˧ɫ˲һ䣬˵ʲôȫ
㹻Ҳʶʲôٵı졣ˣҶҲ˵Ļ

ȻǾǰȥϢ
ҶһʱѣԼûǾ˴صϢ϶ʲôģΪԼʱǹ¶׵ġ
ۿޱףҶЩԵΡ׾ǰȴ˿ûв
ЩԼûʲôϵˣԼóȻվȥĻ϶ҪɵġǣҶҲͲܲʵԶԶ뿪
֮أȻһΣյĵطΪ֮ʯ֮ĽڣĸǿĲ
Ѹ뿪Ҷƽ̤֮ϣȻԼоԼһ󼤵
ΪΣ
Ҷ¶ŨĲ֮⣬ɫ˲һϲȻˡ
ԼҪͻˣɵĸӦ
ɵѾɶˣ
꣡
ʱͻȻƼʱ䣬һ˲˸ء
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һڿлۣһƬƬơҶӿԤУ⾪ףǳԼİɣ
ȻЩƻ֮󣬾ȻϵĳҶһһ˸һڿţ֡
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ƻۣһ׳Ҷ䣡
Ȼ٣
ֻҪɹ٣ҵʵȻɱǣҶһȻХȻˣǾɣҶƣûηʲô٣
һƣͬȼյĹ𣬲Ҳ̣ҶƼХŤգڰ۶ÿһ·ԿλԹ
ַ飬֪ڰһͷ޴ޣſŭħŰճһͳȥ
ƻУӿڰջ۳һƬƺƵ£޺Ȼײ룬ʱƺ𵴣ͬһ޴䶯θҪ
ҶĿȻȫָ̤أΰͬˣһƻȻƺ£Х٣Σ
˻ɵըХ춯أ
һըƻ䶯ƺ˺޴ڣ
ͣ
ƣڰը飬ǹ⣬׷¡
ȫݻըմƬ䣬ƻû
˻ʱʣҶһ⣬ŭָա
֮ɫ٣Ҷǰֽһ㣬ɽ
ͻƣͻƣ
ҶƴЦֳ˻ʱʣѪ˺Ѳ񷣬ɫâţֱָͷǿա
Щѣͨ޵˵֣֮ҶУǻʲôв
ΣʮҶҲܹ磬ǻ
飡
Χռ𵴣Ŀռ䣬飬䣬·췣٣
һƺܵӰ죬һ¶ݣצǿȥ
ԽһǳظʴһӻŨᣬ˿̼һѪ֮ʮɸߵĳǽҶǰ
䣡
һͷͷǿĲѪڻʴƬ룬¶ɫĹ䶯࣬ðỤ̃˿ãһ˺һץմƬ飬ɫӣԨ
٣ƣ
һȭضɽҡ
ǿƣ߿裬ƶħǰӿ̤Ƭա
֮ϵƶʱһ˸ƺҶƾҵĹ֮£ԵЩȡ
У


917 岿
Ҷ˸֮ɫƺ춼ûзСƬ֮ڣҶưȻХ¡죬ͬʱȭ
ռ֮ڣƺǲƬѣһһѷĴӣޱ𺳡֮ϣҲһ͵С
Ƭһȫʵ÷飬âٵһ㣬ƻֺ꣬նУŵݺݵն
ͻȻһĹ⹵ȻȫǱǷĽģ
޷ѱˣҶƽµգҲǴƬѣһ٣Ǿ춯أ
ƬƬĿռ䱻ǽ¼ӲʯҲͬѩһڻ޷赲â
˵ķ
ǽ֮ϣһɸ컻أɽǿͬͻȻب֮ƣһ㡣
ɢȥҶƶʱо谭Լ˲飬Ϊâʧڡ
ȫ£͸һֱǰâľ˲ͨͨ˴
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üģҶƴŸƵĵطҲʤԪ񴦵ġĵط
ƽˣҲԪһĵطǶҶ˵ͷҲһתͨĵط
˵ҶȫԱƽ˿һĻָʹһǿȣ֪
ڴ˿̣ҶԭƽȥٴζֻһκܿͽˡţҶƯһǳȼⷢ
ǵȼǳͬʱҲš
ɣ
Ҷ̾һͷעԼ˫֡üĴһ˿ɫĹǱںϵľŵڻԾš
Щ𽥵ĶһЩԼʶѾΪҶһˣҶʵʵ̫ûа취ȫգʵϽɡ
Щ֮Ҷڴţȴû취ҶΪһ壬ö֮Ҳʮֲ⡣
ЩɾͲҶܹܵ˵ˡ
ʵҶҲٽʵֻⲻλ棬յû취ͻƶѡһͻƣ٣ɽֱƿռ֮УҲ̺ŴҶֱӳ嵽ɵʵ
֮ҶƶͷüĴȻ˴ľʱû취ʹáȴͻƵĽҪͷΪһ֧ǿ
뵽ҶͷһХٵĳԶȥ
ٶȷɿ죬׾ٵڿշšЩҶƵ۾һ˿־֮ɫ
˲ʱ䣬һ·ҶҲ˺ܶ಻۵ĲƾʵȲôˡ
ǰͻȻһƬ޴ĸڣ˽ӽ¹âҫ¸ڱ淺¶ͣɳϣ˸žӨĹ
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ܿ죬ǹϵĲ⡣ǰɳĮ׺ķҷһȺͷǵİĿʳֵ̲ݣһĻһƬ԰
Ҷ̲סʫ˼¶ʪɳڣĺżţ㲻͸ֲǡ
ǰҶƿνʫ飬۵вѧɽЩֻ֪ΪҲϲϡ
Լһʱ֮ҶƼΪĵͷһЦȻǴ䣬ֻϧûⲻλ棡
ҡҡͷǰϵĴȥ
ܺ棬ΪʲôûĲλ棬ȻޡҶƲߣȻҲȫڵģʲôĺ¥
վסߣ֣ϵĲڣһֳʯì׳˶סҶƵȥ·Ĵ
ҶͬŶԷȴ޷ϵ֮ɫ
ôôܣҶƵ˫֮˸ŵȫ֮ɫ
Է˵һ⣬ɫƣҶȴܹĸо࣡
ǲɽˣһǶԷ࣡
ʲôʱڲλһۼˣ
˼ᣬ͸ŨϢǳɵʵҲǿĲУѪǼǿʢԼ¡¡ĶһĴ󽭡
һϵĲ䣬ܹĲλ浱УԼ̣һزŻľȻҲΪҶ͵سһа


918 ֮
ԷȻӲ޶⣬ֻ֮ĸһЩ
Ҷ˵дȴδ¶ɫ˹ֵҶƣóȻݷãʵǶдţ
´һҶƣ㡭Ҳô
Ҷɫһȵǣʵ˵ҲǿȻޣŽҪһ̽ġⲻλû䣬ôܻ޴أǰɫɫʯҲʵ˷θ
ɫһ䣬æʵҲλ˰ɣ̨ĸλ棿
ҶƿԷҲЩͬʱҲǰϲһ˿ϤĸоָоͺñȶΪͣͻȻͬףַĵУ޷εġ
ΪˣɵҲһЩ
ɽ磬
ɽ磿ɫ˲䣬ҲЩѡ
ѵ˵ɽ磿ǸĴڵɽ磿
ûҶ˸ϣĻ棬Էô϶ѵͬҲɽˣҲʵ̫˰ɣ
ǲ䣬Ҳɽģ桭˼Щ˵첱Ӵ֡
ҶƵ˵ͷоҲЩ˷ܡû뵽ôλ棬ƺǳǣԼȻڲλɽˣǶôСĸʰ
Ҷ߽˴͸ŹĲ䣬һʱо˫۾е棬еǳŵ⡣
Ҷڲмľޱȣϲ̫ˣɵ˼ƬŮһԣҴޱȡ
ۿһŰƤϸŮӣȴ׽һ˺ϱʮ׵ľ׿𣬽ɵŲȥ
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оǿϢڣÿһɶѪޱȣѷ𻯾ǿߡ
ⲻһˣҶüͷƺʲô顣пܣˣ
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ȷˣҶʵʵĴӦˣʵҲЩ벻ףΪʲô̬תô
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ͻȻ˫ۣһâ˫ֱ֮Ҷơ
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ǿɼһߣ
߾ĴҶƣϵĵͷо˸ƺѰ˼ʲô
ǰ֪ܷðһ仰ҶߵĿձ˺ôһᣬȶڵ
˵޷߻˻֣û̫⡣
ǰһȺҲɽһ塣ֻǲ֪ΪʲôἯǨƵⲻλأ
ҶƺίˡǨơ֣ʵ˭֪ǶȻǲ䱻ռġ˭Ըʺĵطأ
ǨƵĻ˭֪õķǨƣԽǨƻԽɡ
˵ͻˣⲻλ棬Ѿʷˣ߱˫֣ε̾һ͸¶űµĲɣҶһʱȻЩˡ
꣡ҶһͺȣƺЩȻ겢ܳһʱ䣬ΪϰͶʱա
Ǻܳһʱ䣬ҶƴӸտʼҲûоʱ⣡
֪ʱգǶô
ɽ磬ǺĬĬŵһ塣˽ԶˣΪǼֻǿˣܳƿԼˣ٩٩̸


919 Ϊ
ߵĻҶҲĵ˵ͷǳͬ˵
ֻʵǾһеĸɽ磬ⲻλ棬ˣ
ȻҶƺϿĹ۵㣬ȴҹͬ뷨ǿȻʵǿĲ֣ǿȴܴһСΪڵ֮嶼һϸߵԸ
֮ǰܹռݾԵơһЩǿ˸ܹһжͬȼҲǲ塣ⲢǾ˵޵ˣ֮ΪǿʵƣҲһһıĥ
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ЩͨˣͬʱΪҲѸ١˳֮£˿ǳʧȥˡ
ߵĹһӣҲֶͨΣֻǵѡԲ֮УʵҲˮ׼ɣ
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˵ţһ˿־֮ɫȻ龰Ȼ¡
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֮ͳⲻλ֮ϡﵽǲǸһ˿ս֮УҿмλڣʵǿƾڵֶΣǲƫǿ˴׷ɱӵƬĸڡ
ʮҲвûǾ׼סⲻλֲ޷棬Ҳʺľסһ⡣ҿ֣֮ŴһƬޣʺĻ
ϵĸսƬڵĲ඼ѾˣЩ˵ʵҲĺܿ졣һֱʵҲ֮ˡֻϧǸҲȥķ˵ʱҲǰ̾һҰ
Ҷֱ࣬ԭû뵽ǿ廹
һͬ˵ĸоҶĵҲЩټһ壬Ȼͱⲻλ֮С

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ռ䣬ôôҶƵʵһûзɽʱ򣬴ռǼҳ㷹ôⲻλͱôѣ
ǵ͵λߵλĲ࣡ĵ
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ǿڶ࣬Ҳв١һǿĴڣȻҪԼЭ
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ҶƵһӦʲô˷ܣǾ裡ľ裬ΪʲôԼΪʲôǿɶ޿κε飬ԼȻɣ
ʲôСӣȻҲᱻô׵ľ͸ƭĻҲҶˡ
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СͻȻ֣ҲɽˣֱֻҪСѿϰæһлСѣ߽Ҷƣȫǿ֮ɫ
СѣҲʮֿȥİɣһһһٵ
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ҵʵֻɶѣܹʤôҶƲûб˷ܳͷԣ侲Ŀʵ
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ҶƵɴ˫ۣ㱻ߵĻǺ
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ҶʣµȫǾ
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ܹԼʵֱǵķȻҲͬ޴ĸãܿӰԼʵԼԵ
ҶûʲôӦ߻Ϊŵˣۺ룬ϴһ˿ǡôЦݡ
ķֱʮɣҶ˿ĭ̲סĿʵ
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ᣡҡҡͷⶫ֮л۳ģûκθãϷǿ˸񵣱ģ
ò˵ĺˣ
Ҷҧҧݺݵһĭ
ֱʮɣûиõĻƾԼ츳Ҳֻʱˣ
ĪĻԵȻԼϣͷЩκģȻš


920 ĪԵ
ҪʲôҶȻƽʵĵѾǾκ˰㷭ӿˡ飬ǿҲ̲סˡ
΢ЦҪ飬ܼ򵥡ǲ֮Уһˮħأ¶ȴǼͣ޷ȥˣǿҲȲǣֻҪס壬Ǹ׼һЩӦþܰȻǱȥ
ȻأҶƵֱ鲢ûô򵥡
еܣǺˮħ֮¡ܷҵ뿪ⲻλİ취ҲУߵǵԣֻϧû˵˵ǡˮħأҲһ֮աЩ󱲣ҲǸ޷Ǳ棬ֻѰİ
ƺܼ򵥵ӡҶ۾˺ܾãŵ˵ͷڵȻˣҾʹӦǰ
ҶƴӦ£Ҳ˷ܵĲˣڵϷлСѣ
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ǡҶɻѡ
㽫Ƚףˡ
ҶƽӹɵЩŵĿߣһöɵȻֱܹΪ⻹ɵķ𣿼ֱ̫˼ˣ
Ҷϴ޼ɸҲõ˲ɵܿϧֱɫɵҶƴûм
ȻѡţҶҲûʲôɲԡ˿ƭԼƾǵʵɾܹԼܡǻöҩ
һɵо綾ҶҲ˿¡Ϊʣֿܹκζԣ
ʲôɵҶ𺳲ѵ
߳һ£ڵѪ֮󣬿ǧΪ֮꣡
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ǵ֮ôңҶƻЩš
ֻصɽѣڸ˭ҪĲ㣬˵ĻҲѪֻ֮֮ȥԸ֮߳оȻһ˿ֱܿ˷֮ǡ
뵽ҶҲˡ͵ؽɵӽУȶ߾ȻҲԱߣ˷
Ϊ̫ˣȻԸҶƻĵλߣǴϣ峤Ҳ֣
ȥҩ֮ҶƻҪ˵ȴõһһɵҩ˲Ѿͨ֫ȫ淢
ɲǼҶƸоԼѣȴ˿ûʹ࣬Ǵһо֮
ָоԴԴ糱ˮǣһֱȥ
ҶƸоԼľһһĸͣڵֹĲӣһһȹ̡
ͬʱͷ֮ƺϵĳ弤ϵرˢƺһ¶ˮĽʯڲϵĽܷ˵ϴ
ÿһʱÿһ̣ƺµĸ֡
ҶͻȻоԼƺѾ뿪壬޾աǳתһ˲䣬Ҷƺ뵽ʱԼ̤Լ⴩ռڡ
һеһУƺ͸Ҷһֲͬĸ򡭡
ε⾳֮УȻһС
ԭ侲ͻȻ̧ͷ𺳵Ҷȥ
Ϊһ̣ȻҶƴĸй֮ʧˣ
ȫʧӰ١
ΪҶƾԼǰĻ۾ȻȫоĴڣ
ҶڵԪһ籡ȪˮȪˮɲǼͻȻ䣬ˮλ͵˳
˿̣ҶԺ֮еĸȴǷͬһҶۣȻڴ²ȴʼղĸû
ҶƵΪӴ˿̿ʼҲڽڽţ
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һǳȼҶֻоڵȡ֮֮ߣ
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һǳȼһɲǣҶƻ
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ΪԼܹǰ壡
ɡ۷壡
ɣ
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ʮǳȫҶʶ֮ƮţȼյĻӽյݣҶҲƺץסһЩһĶ
֮ҶƴһƬˬֻ֮ƮƮɣû˰
ԺУǧһ㣬ôһһ㣬ͨԼԭҲĲΡ
˶Ҷƾ;ԼƮƮķ˫һ񣬾Ȼңֱʮɸߣ
Ҷ
ǰߣҶϲɫǰⵤҩȻãʵȻʮɣ
ߵ˵ͷ˷֮ɫ˵ϣصɽ֮ȥˡԣʹΨһһöѪҲֵõģ
ѾȥˣҲǴӱչص״̬֮ˣ߿ڵĵһ仰Ҷƾһ
ôҶ૵ԼʮɵһʱЩʱ䣬Լ˵ֻһ˲ѡԼʵȻڶ̶ǣһеһУѪĹͣ
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ʱͻȻ
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һյԭһѹƵƣһ̱ӿֲϢ
СѣֻܿԼˣƮ˲˵ǧ⣬վɽ嶥ˣ۾ߡ
֮ѹӴԶɽһֱӱˣΪ촷ۡ
ǿѹ
Ҷɫһ䣬ҲڴĿźա
ʵ֮ҲǺ̬ʤֳ棬ҲǼֲ֡
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ΪԼٶ̫죬ɽȻڶ̶̼֮ڣ٣
ʵҶϣ٣
˲䣬£һ֯ҶƵͷ
ҶͻȻһоεټѰһǿĹ
ߣ죬Ǽ˺áʱգ֮ȻΪɱ𣬻ԶҶ˫ȭ߬һŭĶڷйеԹװӿѪȼһƬŨӿؼҫɫĹâ
ֻ˵֣𣡡
ҶХһͬʱƻľӡӭŴȥ֮ǿǽɱ׻ɱͬǿߣǿҪɱԶúܣ


921 ȹΪ
ͣ
ֲٱҶһѣ˸زϵŰšÿһ˿Ĳڵ֮ϣĲϲɽϣҲʹ֮
ȻѾǳԽһֶΣҶӦȻɵĺܣ
վԶһĻҲĵ˵ͷг֮ɫ˵ҶƣҲǼΪġ
ҶܵɫɵһףȴЦ
̶ֳȵ֮ǰ϶һҪ˵ģǶڵԼ˵ܹԼ˾Ѿ˲ˣ
ԼʵĳɳҶƲŻ˷ܣ
͵̧ͷӭڶһǿǰһ֮
Ҷƺһ㣬оܵваħұ͵̽аħһ
ĸ첲֮ϣͻȻݻһаħ񣬱ɱڷԲﷶΧڴݻص
Ҷƻڻƽ֮Ѫٶȴﵽ˼£Ҫܳܵļޣٶһ㣬¶бΣգ

磡رˣԲĵһݣ޴Ĺӳȥ
ҶվģĻƱѿѪ˳ָ档
ǿȻˣȻǲսơ˿̺ѹѹԽ棬˸ƺƺǴֿɼ
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Ҷһأ׵ǿѾȫǿ£滹иµܵ¼
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ͨҶƸδᣬϣ¶һ˿泩ı顣
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ҶЦµĻ׽ٲٶκѹ֮¼ףֱҶ׻⡣
ٴ̫׵ǿ֮ʧнһɫ
ϸֵָ˲ȴҶһȫԱ͸ѹѿоʮҲˡ
ȻʱҶƵԺ֮еڵԪǿҲͬʱһĪĿھС
ҶƸ飬ĬھԪطɳɣԪصҲһȦоӵĺأҴӴԺҶҲĿ
ƺǸӦ޷κεҶƣԭнǿʢٻҪְʱҶ׶ȹ֮ʧУҶһ㶡
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ҶƽѪӿؾıһƬָ죬սһ̵սٷħԾ塣
ĪȥҶƸоٴ˽һ룬ٸĺôֻڹ򼫱֮£޷
ˣҶҲ˷ܲѣǿȼս򼫱ˡ
ѾɢȥҶƺΪȹԼΪٴ£
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ҶƱĿϥоڵڷž˵ı仯δ˿оȵһεҺ壬γһӣеĺһƱڣһӿ
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ʧˣޱߵĲͨµߣ֪ٵĳֻҶƾǿȣֱǲݲ¡
ҶüͷգԽоأƺڤڤһλܵĴڲٿһУģعôγɵģ˭µĹ򼫱ڣ
Ҷ˼ֻûбעĵطԽĿɡ
绽֮
ٿһе飬ʲôӵģ
ôһֱ˼ڤȥҶƺ˳˼֮СֱʱŴӿ˼عʵԾɸ߾ڣûҪôࡣһ죬һŪһУ
СѣϲˣߴɽԾ£ϴŨЦݡ
ҲʮɼˣҪ֮ˣûʲôоƺڴȤ
оҶɻȷеģ˸оʵǿ֮⣬лһ˿ֵͷ
ǲǻƬһֻڲٿţľηǿˣ˿ܻЩֱӿڵ
Ҷ۾һǰҲָоȻûоηУղţȷʵҲǸоء
ЦȻ֮ΪؼһЩڶģĸӦ˻Ǹ飬һʯͷһĸӦ
ˣôȫ֪ȫܣûϵΪһУһһŪ׵ģҶưͷͬʱĵ׵Ϊҿλ֮Ӱ
ʮɣûѡðȹΪ£ȥգ꣡
Ʈѩױعǧ⣬ѩƮ
ҶƾĴ֮䲨ûκεĿƽ⣬һ޼ʵף̾˿
ڣѾʮ˰ɣ
ʮڣȫǰʱ仨ȹðΪ֮ϡҶʹĻֻһּգɽ󺣣ܣ
ȻѾˣӦ˼ҵ飬ͱҪȥҶ˸߳ɽ˿ҪȥѰߣԼĳŵ


922 ˮħ
ܷ뿪ⲻλ棬ʵҶƻǺġ˵ⲻλ֮УһͷӬһҷɡûָôߣֻĵͼѾ֮⣬ȷʵûʲôĳɾ͡
ڵѾȫȹʮɵΪ˫֮ѾĹâƺɨһۣͻᱻޱߵԨ֮ȥƵġ
ȫΪѾӴϢйʵҲһּΪǿĹ˶Ϊ̶Ȳ⣡Ӷ㣬ܹһʵ
ƵգҶ߬˫ȭᶨҪصȥҪŪʱ࣡Ҫøǿʵĸλ棬վǿʵ˵ģҶûʲô־ҪʵҪ˲ܵ˺˭ǸҶһëĻұضȫ壡
ԽԽᶨ˵ҶƵȻںȻųһƥϢһͷͻȻŭһɽһݺȻ̮һҵƳɽɨأ
ʶ֮ڣʮǳȼžҵĻ棬ʮǳԴԴϵĸҶƹﴦԪԼͷĵڶʶʱҶԾǹŲ
֮Уɽߡһͷ۵ǰȫһСϣĺǿѪ崫ɵʲôҲӦøһ°ô˵Ҳ峤
㻹ˣҸĽбҪ֪ͨ𣿡߲ŭ͵صһۡ
æͷ絷ѵǣûʲôһȫƾ
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Сѳˣдһ˿˷֮ɫȹʮɵ֮Ҳ˵ʵˮħ֮ˣ
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ⲻλ꣬ЩĻΧӰ죬Ƨϲԡ
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Ҳָһģ´ҶƣҲ̲סĵ˵ͷ
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״̬۷壬廹ꡣʲô飬Ҳ϶ܹѡ
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һʱ䣬ͻȻͣ½Ų䵽һɽǰ
ҶҲȥĴɽ֮кȻŸϢĥ徿ʲô
ǰǺˮħڣڲءΪҪУҪ֧ţôһܹУʲôһֱҲ֪̾˿ҲЩΡ
ӵΪĻôܻѪøһأֻϧһĹûУµãҲ޷̸ҲӲˡ
Ҳ̾˿ԿҲ겻ѵġ
Ҷ˳ߵָ㿴ȥͼǰһɽ£һɺɫʯΧɵ쾮ĺصɢܡָоһڵĺˮ
ڲƺй֮ںХַ·һڳ˯ֲֿ֮ĸоѹȵҶƻ¶ܲ˫ĿעǾڣͻȻоԼһǿֶˣȫƤˡ
һ£ҶٴȥµĳУƺһһĹƮȻԹĽߣơ
ҶƾȵһƬ֮أܸоˮħĴƺ۽֯Ч϶ǳѰ⣬һĻҲһɶõıذ


923 
Сѹ濴Ĳεֵ̯̯ʵֺγ֪°빦ǲǣ²ȥҲƬأͬؤһɽΣʮΣ
Ҷ˫֮˸Ż棬쳤ХһֱˮħصķȥԽǽӽˮħأԽܸоеĺƴϢ·һֻߵ޷֮ǰСϣ
ָо˵ܣ
Ҷûκΰ취ֻѡĬĬܣΪڵͲ߱߸ˮħص
ߵڣǷڵĺˮҶü
ֲýкˮħأȫںڵīˮ޾ħ
Ҷȥˮħصһ˲䣬оǰ糹ױ仯ˣһƬôƺһƬȫͬ硣
·һ޵׵磬󲻵ȫӿ
ɲǼ䣬ҶƸоüһŵ˷ܵĶţǸոտٳĵڶʶһɿʼüĴӿȥÿӿһһ˿ۼڣЩǾ
⣬ͬ޾̫ͣҲɹĸɣˮħرĻҪٶֹǿ˰ٱֱһƬҶɫͨ죬ѵ
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ֲû취ԭÿÿ붼ҪֵģͻΪܲסѹըѣ
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Ҷһҧ³գۼо˳ٰף˿ͬˮУĻϢŨ޷ĳ̶ȣ
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ŵ򣬾ȻҶƿ˲䣬޸壬޲Ԫ
ȥһʱ䣬Ҷ˫۵ʱ򣬿һƬȫͬ磬оһʶĽ˹ȥ
ɲǼ䣬Ҷɫһ䣬̲סľģңҵ岻Ƿô
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ҶüͷһšаѵˮħʵһСǧ磿
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Ҷһ䣬Сĵϼ֮ȥ
ȻĸԴҶаͬʱҲӷͻȻΣգ
߳ս֮˲ԭء
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924 ͷ
ΪʲôҶƻ𺳣
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һֻʯɫͷߣͨ˸˵ɫâΰֱɣȻƷӡȴԳ˼ǿƣġ
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嫵˲䴫ķռ䶼ڲͣš¡죬ֱ飡
˺嫵ƣͷ߽֮󣬿ҲܹΪԲ̵ûû뵽ԶľѪȻдЧҶЩסˣҡҡͷЦ
ʧȥһξѪ廹ǺġϾԶľѪͨѪǰɵľܹҪȱһɵģ
ƾǿҲڶʱڰʧȥľѪΣҶֻܴӿռָ֮öಹѪɵȥ
Щɵǵ޼ɸõģһֱҶƶǿЩɵָƵġȻΪԶѪΪǿ󣬵е˻ָҪʱĳģ
ΪˣҶÿһս֮󣬾Ҫ²ɵڴ޼ɸӶᵽɵ㹻࣬Ļ治ʹõģ
໣
һŭǾͷҲǳɱ䣡ڵɵСֻʮɴСˣʵȴ֮ǰǿ̫࣡˵ʱûдﵽԲҲֻʱˡ
ɫϸţͷǸ߸߰ţƺҫɢҲǽ֮ǰ
Ǿͷһ˿֮ɫ͵εҶǰ͵صͷȥҴ˳Ӵ֮ҾԼޣ
ͳˣҶȻʵѵ˵λܶµĽƣѾȫˣ
ûͷڻ֮еļѾҲûҪⰵյĺˮħ֮ˣ
ҶƵ˵ͷǰλѾ㵽ԼһͷߣһУǰдõľ籾ģ
ѾЩˣλܣǺأȻܹԤ⵽֮飬һڲͬλ棡Щֲˣ
ѵǴԤ
Ҷ˳˼֮УԤҲᣬҲǾֻͨԤ֮飬Ǽֱǳ˵ΣͲܣƾÿһԤⶼķ޾ҲǾʹһС
Ҷƻڳ˼֮УͻȻǰһȻ֮䣬ȻǾͷѾԼ
һ⻯磬͵Ҷü֮СҶƻһҲǽԼ
Լɱѣ˵ڵҶƣѾȫƿͷߵ˼룬ҷҲֻҪһͷѡ
СǣҶüͷʵ
Ǿͷ߼æûˣҵ֣
ã棬Ӧøңˮħ·ʲô˰ɣҶעǵ˫Ҳǵڵ
ܸоѪǣϢȻԶһЩԭľŸͷҲֻһԭԾͷ߱˵ͷԽ٣ʵҲԽɱ֮󣬷Ȼһͷʵ˷ѾԼԲż
һԼޣҶڲλ棬벻ֱͦѣ
λȥȼˣѾûҶƵĶˣҶѾڲλ֮ݺᣡ޴˧ʥʦҲһս֮ˣ
Ͼǰ˵ȲҲ൱ԲʵҶƼǣѾȫκһ˵Ȳˡ
ûһλǿɴɣҲͳΪλľ޴֮һˣȻлбԭƩǶ滷Ҫʮֿ̣ɲͨĲﶼܾסҸɽʹˡ
ǳһᣬڵ˵ʵҲ֪ˮħص·ʲôΨһԿ϶ľǣ漫ΣգҶϢ
ʲôҶ˫һɣǶеΣգ־塣ô˵ĻѵһλԲɴɣ
Ļôһ̽գʲôأԼƾҲһλԲĶְɴˣǿλ۷Ĵڰ
˼һᣬҶ߬ȭͷô˵һҪȥģǣ
Ҷ¶˾ģ·ǵɽ𺣣ԼҪȥһ̽ϾߵһˣȥĻʵ̫ϧˡ
ǵ˵ͷǺãҾʹͨͨһҪСģ
ôͨҪ򿪣Ҷһ㶣̲סʵ
ǵģλҷӡ֮󣬻̻Ҵͨһͨİ취ʵʵ
ҶаңԼְɱĻⱲӶˡò˵λܵ˼ܰһһֱдõľ籾һ㡣
ںڵĹâһĪֱӻڹڿлһƬкڹ⻮䣬һɫĿռͨ֡
ˣˣұҪάֿռͨȶԣû취һͬȥǧҪСģ·ʲôΣյĻֱͿԣǻЩҶƵİΣϾ·Σ޷Ԥ֪ģ˭Ҳǰλܾ氲ʲô
ҶƵ˵ͷڵһģ
䣬ҶϾվһʱҲָĲ࣬ΪʧȥѪҲȫɢţҶһ̤˿ռͨڣ˲оԼΧһ㣬ʧȥκδ
ָоǺܲܵģллأ̶̼ӣҶƾ͸о˫˺ʵĵ֮ϡ


929 ֮
һɱĸоΧסҶƣ΢΢šƺڵѪԼѪ⣬Ҫɱһ㡣
Σֻ̫׸סȫůࡣ
˫۵һ˲䣬ҶƾǰԶŲ¶ʮӡŷӴ·ĹײģһƬƬİڰյС
ÿһ߹ľѹһƬصĪڹľյ·رŸֹ٣ÿһ궼ת貣Ȼʶ
ǣˮħײģ
ҶƵһʮ߹ľкԶȴܸоľƺһۡǿѹв
ǰ˼ѹȸѹϵĸоǲܵġҲûκΰ취ʵûеǿ֮ǰӦʹļ尾š
ײĵǰһ鸯ľ壬ľƺѾˣ˺ܶˮƺĴһ£ͻһ㡣
Ҷ͵һüƺڡɽ־ϼֶ
Ϥĸоͷţ̲ס档
ɣľɣľҶ˲类ȵβһ㾪ϲɣľʲôǿ֮еﰡ˵ֶֻڼΪĵ£û뵽Ȼܹ
ɣľĹЧҲܹȥκĴڣһСɣľǲηκε䣡Ը׵Ļֱһɱ
һɣľ֮ϣɷдĸ֮֡ء
֮أҶƵ߶ĸ֣Ҳǹâϵ˸ƺ뵽ʲô
֮أҶƴû˵Ȼ֪Ϊʲôĸ֣ܵĸоһƺĸѹص־
Լ޼ɸõһö֮ףʹƮӣҲǲԼ÷ѵ֮ף֮أʲôϵ
뵽ҶƼæӿռָ֮ȡ֮ף֮׸һҶУ΢Ĳţƺܵ˹һ㣡
Ȼϵ
Ҷ͵һĭѵ֮ף֮ص
Ļǻɲ鰡
ܵȥɣľȴһɱ֮𵴿θѡ
Σֻܷ̫³Уǹɺɢ
ɣľվģϧˣҶҡҡͷ̾˿
ǾɾɲǼ䣬ɣľ֮ͻȻӿһŹâһҶԺ֮С
Ҷ⧲ɫͻȻ䣬ٴСǵɹâԱ޺ʱĵ׵һʯͷҲˡ
Ƭϵ浮󣬳λ棬ÿһλŲͬϵʱس䵽ŴķԿԸоĵ
ʱĻƽʱͨ˺涼׵ĽӴԴ򣬹ʶǸҪָǿ
ǸʱֻҪʲ˵ɽָ½غ󣬷ŵҲɼĴڡ
һЩǿߣֱܹԴշӵпϽɵʵ
ȻЩǿ̫죬ÿŴͬʱֻܳһλϽǿ߼һȴǼӴ
ƾǿ棬ǿ޷һĹܸǰǧ
ֱĳһλǿ䷢һͨâֵƮ档
ǿ߷ֽƬĻ󣬲֪Ϊ֪Ϣλ棬ǿóλ涼ڵĽۣǸɵǿ߿ʼѰ֮صڡ
ɵǿߣһ𼸺ܣܿڸλ涼ڱ֣ǿҲȺӿС
Щǿ֮зʲôû֪еǿ߻ĺ٣ǳ֮صֻƬûᵽκص顣
ЩϽǿǣν֮ظλڷӡ˵ڶ뿪ǿߣ֪֮صڵġ
֪ʶҶԺ֮šһ䣬һ˿ĸоһԼֱλƭ˵ģôԵ޹ʵȹĸо뵽Ŀ
ҶһֱĬţú󿪿ڵطĿ֮ص֮һҵ֮ףпܾǴĹؼֻǣЩľʲôأ
֪ȥˣ
Ҷ΢һͷǰȥ
ԽǿҶԽѹȸԽǿңߵǼʮڹľǰҶǿҵĸое˼򵥣Ҳǿߣ
ЩҲȫÿһޱ󣬿ϧľֿ鷳
ҶһϧٱľɢĿֲ֣һѹŵĺӿðȻӽôĿܶ
ƹڶµĹľǰһʯţһƬٵĺɫƮɢһЩ·
ۣԻˣܹһ˿аʵٽһﲻɣҲ̵棡ҶƾĿɿڴźеˡ
ҶƲɵΣ⣡ȻððʧʧôĶ֪
ԭǰŲҶƣԭأܿźڷһ׳˶ĹʬƮ
ɲǼ䣬ǹʬ˹һӺȻɱŨĶҶƣһֵƺ𣬶ʱƬնһâǹʬĿٴ
⣬ʲô
Ҷһ䣬âֵ˲ȫ˱ˮУһҪ궼ɱ
ˢ
λζ䣬ҶӲĺƳȥף֮ǰվ֮âһɨͱѿʮɣһЩʯ촷ۣҶһɷף
һԿԲǿߣ˶£ʬ岻ӵǣҹ˿£
ҲҺǹʬŷڵĺʧȻϼ£ҶƲұ֤ܻܲȥԲһʹ䣬Ҳһܿס
ҿסһ£滹нϵ㣬Ҳֻ·һ
ҶƲҶ룬Ŵ˿̰ȫٵ߹ʯţոչȥãм߹ʬź˳֮ǰԲĹʬҪǿƣϢÿռŤ
ҺҶѾʯţֻҪһҪЩʬ
⵽ʲôطˮħ·ȻǱж죡
Ҷƽǰнţֿ˼߹ʬһ˰ë˫۶Իˣ߹ʬƺһԭأҶƺֽ֨֨ȴܿ
ˣҲŵҶƳһ亹ǼȫǿԲĹʬҲҿǱȽϼᶨĻǼ߹ʬһۣԱ


930 
ԽǰߣҶԽľ飬ЩˣȻ֮ˣֻһ֮ѣûڴôΣյĹʬǰߵĻ˵ΣյĴڣ
ҲҿЩʬһֹ󷨸סˣĻЩʬǺʶҲƾѪıܰˮħظٵ
֪ôʬĳȥĻôλ涼ҪҰɣ
˵ģƾôԲĹʬͲܹһˣ
ȻҲǱ˵ѡЩʬôǿϾҲֻʣѪıܡʶͷǰʲôġңֱ޻̸֮ΪЩﲻԴеģ
ҲҿЩѹסЩʬ棡ĻѾ˰ɣҶƿЦҡҡͷε
ԽԽߣҶ𽥵ҲЩʬĽȥǣǲܵӰģ
ʬ֮дָо޷̫̼ˣ
һӣĵҶһƬٲ֮£ٲµĲˮһƵľ
ʲô̶أ˿ֱգͲҪκת
ôܣôľҶ˫Ŀ˲ɴһͻȻʶں¡䣬ʯֱԭء
ⲻλ֮ڣǸоκĴڵģ˵ʲô˵λ棬û룡
ԼҲΪδ򶷣˲üƷʯ䣬⼫ƷʯϾֻƷĸɾ죬һֱĻҲһ顣
û뵽ˮħ֮£ȻôľԼߣҲû
־һƶϼǿ߳ɾˣ
ôྫڣȻǰҶƸ˵Ĳˡ
־ĺҲʵҶЩ鼤ȻҲǾֵġϲƽ޹ʵĵڱͻȻһ飬˵վ
˽ϸȥȻٲ֮У˼ֵʬǡЩʬǶǴⷢ˵ȥѾ֪£
ǿߵĺǣ
ҶüͷȻе˲סôǿߣɥУ˵ûè壬ţ
Ľʶ̽ٲ֮£ü֮ٵһ˿ݡо⾫̺֮ŵѾԶԶ˿յķ롣˵Ҫգ±һ£ֱӱű壬ǣ
ôɵʬǣҲǱľջ󣬻ûȳȲ˽ȥΪϵĻԵ˭֪սУӭǵľһվ
ЦĲ
ˣҶȻЩôྫɲԼΪͬʣͱȱǿ࣡ԼǱеĻֶܼأ
˵ֶˣס壬¶һӣҲϵ棡
뵽Ҷ˫ȭ߬˫֮Ѿ˸ſ֮ɫ
ԼܹһʱĻ²ֱͻƳΪɣõĺôҲԼˣҶ߬˫ȭ˸ſ֮ɫ
ʵ˵ٲ֮ΣյĻôһ·ʲôʱΣأʱضΣ֮УǱҼˣգΪβƴһѣ֪󰡣
󣡡
Ҷ˵ͷߵٲԱߣʱҶƣ˵ӶǱǿ
ûʵĴ粽У
ǿߣҲ壡ΪҶƣһУ
Ľٲ֮УɫҲǲ԰ޱȡôֻҪ̽һ̺ܷΧ٣ûг̫ĻԼҲǿԳƴһѵģ
ָУ͸оһ͸ǵıϮҶ̲סĴһս߶ţɶ޵ĵط̺ŵľѾֱĨɱǿˣΪͬʣҲһܹ̫ã
һϢҲһϢ
ϢǣԼǱվ̶ֻ̼ܶӣҲǼ档Ϣǣ治ӣͻᱻӿ˳ûǸʱԼֻܸᣬȻѸ˳
ȻˣԼʲôʲôµģ
һХҶ˫֮дŰĶ־ս⣬˲ԾУ
ͨ
ٲֱӰҶƵסһ޴ˮݣҶưС
ҶͻȻͬʱӿǿƣƺܹգĳ֮֫ڣҶֻоԼľ˲Щϵĳˢţ΢΢ɫ䡣
ȻЩСĳҶҧأͬȫתţܵľò˵壬˵ȫõܣ
ʹţ
ͻȻҶƷ⾫ٲڣƺűè壡ƺҪҳèڣ
ΪܸоԼһɹӰԼ壡
ϸϸ֮£ҶǷĸԴЩڣȻϸСƿ̻СЩͣҲĵķԼá
Ҷž˾һ麣࣬þȫšͲȥʲôƣҲûȥˡʵ̫ʹ̣࣬˸ڶ飡
Ҷĵ֮УΧһ硣ž֮еƣƺԼһ㣬һһܽ
һɼϸСİ׹⣬˽ΧҶƵΧ˿̵ҶƸû˼ȥˡ
Ҷٲ֮ڣ˫Ŀ΢գƮƮӴ˿̸絶һ㣬ΧƣҲǽھЩ֮еơ
Ȼ꣬ǱϾܡΪڱ˲䣬º͵Чģ
տʼоһжôƽͣոľʱʹͻʹҶûκ׼أˮһʹֱӼҶƵ񾭣
һһ˳ʹĻ
ۣȸղŻҪϺܶ౶
Ҷţȴɽ˫ĿԸΪֻ֪Ҫһ˫Ŀ֮ǰһоͻữΪӰԼ֮ǰܹһпҲ׳ˡ
ǿ߶ûҪҵһЩưˣʲô
˻ʱʸػ飬ʲôյģǶھ֮ڣΪû취ˣ
Ҷо£˫һ𣬼һһĽΧĽٴûƣͬʱҶʹоҲʧ˲٣
һרĽ⣬ͬʵһ̱˳


931 ƴ
ҶƽЩƾͬգһḶ́ҶҲûнһƱϾھ֮УʱҶãһδεĳҶƵ壬⣬ڣһһʹС
ҶƵ弸ըѣüͷҲײĩҲɢҲ˺üɫѪҺĴ˿֮ðҶ˾ͳѪˡ
Ҳܵ£
ҶоֻһڼţʹʶɢţֻҪ΢һһȥԼͻɥ⾫֮¡
ֲ⾫Ч˾ˣԭǿĲЩڻеư
˵űģҲЩƣ
ҶƸоʹдƺ˸λӣԼÿһϸھɱ䡭
Ҷƴֻججİ״̬֮ʱǻھ֮еƣȻ˿Ƶ˳ž·ת
ʱƣΪǰҶƵͬһֵԵʡûͷųֲֿسǱЩ
ҶƳŲƵ壬ñǾĻָĻָţ˳žʡһϸСĻҰɫƣзѾƻýʧȥõؾڣ΢΢䶯䣬Ȼ𽥵ڽ˾ı֮С
ЭŻҰ׷֮УʱǱѾŤ黨һľɳĮˮԴĲҶһչ˿ĸӴ׳
ڵڴ˿̷˷ܵڻھ֮еһ·µģǻᱻľһֲֿٶȣѸٵţ
ž̰ɣɫ𽥵ĴӾ֮ȥȡ֮ģǳŻػҰ֮ɫ
ЩϸСƵžһľһƬƬѵļ⣬֮һ͹۵ٶָţһԭȵƤͺñƤһѵȡ֮Ƥ֮ǰԵøӵļͣͶ֮䣬һɹɱըԵۣ߱ķȻǰǿֹҶ飬ȻĿҶƶͷ֮ĵڶʶ档
ڶʶǾŵ
ǻҰɫƼſ񱩵ϢҶƵĵڶʶſ壬ҪյڶʶʱѰһŵ㡣
һ룬ǿĻҰɫĵΧڵĳƽȴǵڶʶ̩ɽƵĶ
һӻң㬵ĽעڵԪ񴦣һХҶƵͦ
˭֪δƽͱ̫׷ųĻˣҰɫķֻǿ̫׶˸൱ǺܲĵŤͷܣջǱҶڵĸֻȫգ
ҶȴûиܵڵĶֻǸоﴦͶͷ֮ʹУʹʧžͻָ־
˫ۣҶƴΧĿռ䡣
Ծ֮ǰٲ֮ڣΪǿĳˢҶѾﾡ飬Ǳ
ϣٲĳˢøӵʵҲøɣ
ʹ࣬ԼǳЩڻھ֮еƹȻǿԼ־ᶨͳΪٲ֮ڵһѿݹˣЩɺΪ顣
ҶŤŤȭͷսĿ˫֮ϣЩ֪ν
Լƺƾ˲٣
˵⾫ޱǿ󣬵ջȫˣ
ˮħ֮£Ȼ컯
ҶͷЦЦļΪʹ졣˵ûͻɵʵϾѾΪ̵˺ܺõĻ
Ĵ߳˫̤ڵϵɲǣҲƽİĸоҲֻʱ򣬲ܺܺõĸо
һҶЩĽĿƿٲ֮еľʵһЩƶѣԲŻôꡣЩûŪԵɾͳȥȻҲ֮ءԼȻԭкǿĿԣǿָЩûнԼʱ򣬾ͽȫգ츳֮ҳڶ
ĸоҶЩ֮ǰٲ֮УûкܺõĲʲô˿һɭĸоȻٴ˳иеֵĲ
ҶƿٲԱߣһϢֵʯͤһɹɵϢʹз
ʯͤ⣬ɫϢǧ˿ƣͣʯͤת̫أƬĹŵػҪȹ̵գѹ͸һ˿˿ϸܵѷ졣
ҶվʯͤǰüûȷʯͤʲôȻȥɵӲӲ
֮صڴһжӦüӱСģ
һԤУɫϢ֣Ҷüëƺ˼ʲôһ̣ͻȻ֣ͼ͵˦˳ȥʯͤҹȥ
꣡
һ죬ǼӲͬľһ㣬ֻǸոտ㱻ɫ㱻Ƭ
һĻҶƵɫͻȻ
ɫȻǷͬһ㣬ǿĿ°ҿղԼûг嶯ôĶ֪
Ҷ˳˼֮СΪܸоԼʶ
ѵǡ֮ҶͻȻһ˿õĹâֵͳȥûаٷְٰȷ֮ǰҲԲ²ʲô
֮ǱܼƷĲϣһƷŵɽ磬ǿɶø
ǰЩɫȻǿƥҶƻȫȷ֮ϾԼҲûмֻƾŵݣ²⵽Ľ
ҪԾǲ֮ʵҲܼ򵥣ҶдԾԾԵĹâȻǶġ
ܹ֮µĻô϶ǿұһļƷģԵģ
֮ǿɾԵļƷˣ
Ʒ󣬸иԵļƷˣĴ֮УҲǱͷƤĴڣ
Բô˵ҶƶҪһ£⾿ǲǴ˵֮е֮
һ˿â˫ұһɫģ³ͨɫĽӴĲǲ֮
һֱӰԵ˳ȥֱ˵ĳɫȥ˲һƿ֮һɫĹâ˸ŹƺЩۡ
ԽӴɫ˲䣬ҶƵʱɫüëݺݵţͷҲһ
ΪԼӷȥȻֱӱɫˣһʣ£Ҫ֪ԼģԪأһĲ֪ҪǿٱȻԼԪضֱɵô˵


932 ֮
ȷֱ֮Ӳұ֮е֮ͬʱҲʦĶ
ܹ֮ռһЩĻ뼫Ʒ֮Уǿ϶绢һľƷһ˿֮Ҳӵ֮һ㣬ɳɳ͵ľƷ
´ʦԼʾƷšԼռһЩ֮Ļ֪ûЧá
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ǣǧ㲻ţɣҲ޷ıǷǰʵݺݵŤһԼĸ첲૵ֲˣԭΰ㿴ȫûʹ˵ţš¸첲
䣡
һ룬һɴ˲ɣžܻĴ㵱Ȼˣӵĸ첲
ʵͬ𺳣ƾһ۾ͷֱˣҶսǸԲʵûռϷ磬ҶƵĹ֮½ڽڰˣԼҲ޷һɣ
һ룬Ҷһ˲ն£ſԶռնǹʬ
ǹʬֻһ۰򣬻ûüӦͱҶƵնն£
ͣ
һ촫Ƭƽ֮󣬽žǺǵصıը
˶оǰһڣӴĳƺܹʧϣһǴԽ˿ռն£
ҶֻоԼڵˮһʧԼԼ
ҿҶƵʵ׷ɿ죬Ѿǵʮɣӳһ֮󣬿ҪĽ׶ˡ
ˣҶҲκεĴ⣬һ֮ҲǿٵİնһԼڡ
ҶƿٵĴͷ亹ٵ䡣ǽʮɣҲЩܼ
һ֮ǷӦ˹֮ǰҶƵĶѾӰһԺζ֮ȥ
⡭⻹ҶС𣿡˿ĭЩš
͵سһûûҶСѣôܻӵǿʵǵڽˮħ֮ǰֻʮɵʵѵڶ̶̵ļڣͻƣﵽɵʵ
ܣѸٿڷ񶨣Ϸоĳʵûκα仯ʮɵʵ
ô˵Ļֹ˶ӶԷпһĨ𺳡
Ҳ̫̫˼˰ɣƾʮɵʵȣҶûʵ漣
Ǽæߺˣû°ɣ
˵ţٵĳ嵽Ҷߡ
ǹʬѾնһ֮»ĻҽĺҶƵԤ֮ˣԲûжپȡ
ˣ
˲ɴ˫ۣ𾪵˫۾
ȻҶƵĳôܣôҶʲôʱշһǿĳԲʵ߳ҶףҶôĸԸأ
ǿһǸ߰ģǾˣԷĳġȻ϶ҶƣǾ˵ҶһķڷĶ
Ҷ̧ͷ۹ϣЩĿڵף峤ǰôᡭ
Ҷƾޱȣ˵Ϊˮԭû취Ǵ˿ʲô
ЦҶСѣǾȣ֮ǰħĺˮ֪Ϊȫ˳ǲܵħصײû뵽ǡÿҶСѸս
ԭˣҶ̧ף˵ͷ˵Ҳǲһûеˮħ·û̽뿪ⲻλķȻλˣǾһɣ


940 缦
ҲһΣǰиҶƱ˵ģʱȴ˽̰ĵҪնɱҶƵĳ
ҶƲûϼ׷ȥҲ˸̨¡
ǵģŤͷ˿ˣҶƵȻܲʲô¡ʱҲΪѣ޿κΡ
ǾĶˣˣǣҪ֧ſռѷʱ򹥻ң
ȿȿȣᣬᣡɫεǰ˹ֵϷԭΪˮħ֮ңԾͳ֡ʵû뵽
ҶƴȵĹһЦҵʲô飬ԭˣǰ̫ˡһᣬ˵ͺô
ǿҶƵ̬ȣҲЩĵĵ˼ǱϾҶˣȻ˶׷ȥˣȻҲǲаַ
һۣ͵Ծȥ·Ŀռѷڡ
ЩŵĿڵˣû뵽ȻǿҶҪķ֧ŵĿռѷ죬Ȼô׵ľܹһѷ죡
ҶƹһЦֻǽҶѣ
ң
һۣԶ˶ԷеĿЦܹĳ̶ȣôǽң
ȿڵ֣ղǹʲôʵû뵽ǶȻǿôԶҶܲǹսϢ
ҶʵԭҲڲ֪֮ת˶ĳƺ
֣ҲˡһǿĲ죬ȻҶ̬˹ҲҶƸоЩܳ
˵ЦˣղǹһԲʵĹʬʵȻҲǷǳǿ¿սãźò׽նɱ˵Ҳǲ½ôˣûҵȥķԾЩλڴˣҶʮǫ
ʲôЦŰ˰֣ǰ˫ͻȻͤĴ֮ܵϡ
˫˲ֱˣЩ֮һŵ⡭ǣ
˵ţȥһֻ֣Ҫȥ׽֮оϲޱȵ֮ҵ죬֮
üǳעһЩĺܣϷоĳ
ҶƿĻɴ˫ѵ磬ס֣
ѾˣѾ͵ץס֮ûü˵͸оеϢ˲ըѿ͵ڶ
ɲǼ䣬ƺҵʹΧڲͷ亹δεĵ˻͵ɿ֣ٺ˶ȥ
ô
ٺʮϴһ𺳲ѵģͷԼ֣ƶѾѪģˡȻ֮ɵģ
Ҷƿ첽ȥε磬Ҹ㣬û뵽ͳˡ֮ŵɱɲһܹܵģ
˵ţҶƴӿռָһЩɲݣݸپ׽£˿кô
˿ͷ󺹣æ˵ͷӹҶƵɲݣС
ֵĵһۣǳôˣôôðʧ
Ҳ磬֮ɱ֮ǰҲ˲СĿǷʤҶҲæΪѡ
ϧˣһεЩ֮̾һ֮ô֮࣡ǴѲϣ
ʲôãڵ˵Ǽ߶ѣʳ֮֮ϧҡҡͷγֻ֮֮صһ룬ڵӵ֮֮أ
ǽӦǼǰ߰ɡϾҲ̫浽׻ʲô˵ȥİ취أҶЦЦ
ͨҲǵ˵ͷ
ҶƽĿתǣ˭֪ֱӿͰ͵Ŀڵˣ㿴ҲûãΪҲ֪ʲôҴûֻ֪֮صû
֮أҪ֮ûɣҶƷʵ
ǵͷǰϧû֮ס
Ҷ΢΢һЦĴӿռָ֮֮ףʵô
һ㶣æڵûȻӵ֮ף
ǰҵõģҲû뵽ܹóҶƹһЦ͸˵ĵ⡣
Զϲ֣Ȼ˲֮ظ֮ʲôǿҶƵӣƺһгģҲͷˡ
֪֮ص˲࣬뿪ɽ֮õˡ
ҶЩɻ󣬲ָ֪ǵ˭ȻԤԵ֮ء
ǺˮħأҲ϶һܹġԽ˼ҶԽ˷롣ˣҲûʲôҪȥ˼ЩˡΪ벻룬඼Ҳֻͽա
ãǾͿЩǰ˵ܹ֮ڣҵصɽλİ취
ҶϴŵЦݣȻ֪ˮħ֮гڣô˳˵ģǳڣӦþ֮֮ˡ
һ뵽ԼҪ˵֮е֮أҶҲĳ
ǣӣʵѾǳˡλǼλŵȲλҲһսĿܣ
Ҷȫûеʲôǰͦصĳǰȥ
Ӵж಻㡣Ҳҡһ䣬һӣϸɵļס
ʵʲôģټ򵥲СϷˡ
ҶһȣǡȻЩԹԣҶʲôû˵ȻҲš
ӽɫҲǾ֡Ҫ֪뿪ⲻλ棬ΰû뵽Ҫʵˣöɵûаװ˷Ѱ
ҵҶˮħ֮һ̽ҲѾҽˣǹעһ˭֪Ҷôҵ˳ȥİ취
˿ٸҶƵĲǰǵЩ뷨˿Ҳɢ˻ȽҺģȻҶưô࣬Ȼ塣
֮ʱܲĵĿһǹͤڹͤԱߣܲϵ֮ĳȡ
Ȼ֪֮֮ûа취ƾǿ϶շһЩģ˵ʵûжٱҪδ֪Σգ׼֣ôķ̫أ
߳ޣûȡˡǵÿһ˿ÿһĺأΣҲ˷һ˿
ҶһߣһΧĻʮ־裬׼Ӧһͻ״
֮£ǾԵˡλ棬ƾʵƲ϶⣬ҲǾǿˣȻ̫ɵδ֪ÿֲ


941 Ƭ
һһδ֪ĺڰٶȲ죬ΪҶƴ·ǰͬʱҪأ԰ٶȷŵĺӶƾõȻҲһʱ
ҲûʲôԹԣ˵ʲôʲôôôҶƴһѪӾͷ߽Ϊ⿪ʵһ
жҶȻǸм
ɫͨû߳ԶҶƾͷѾû·ˡڲ¡ĸ嶫ƾԼʶǰʯһüͷ
ͣһ£Ҷƿڵ
ôˣ֣ɻڶĺ󷽣ǰѾû·ˣѯʵ
Ҷ͵һ֣һŲõſҫͨ΢⡣
һ̶֮ϣҲγһССյɢˮĹâͨյɼ
һʮ׿̧ͨͷͨٸߴף
ֺҶҲ̲ס˿ӴĽǺΪ
ͨľͷһȫɲ֪ʲôϽľţȥо˿˿ͬʱҲһӴĺظУ
Ÿߴףһ㣬ֺ׳ۣ
ҶƳһţ˿ЩþȫʮɵױͽȻһףҶڶ
ѾþȫӶЩͨ졣˿·صƬڡ
üͷҶСѣϷԣ
ԲΪרˣԣòˡ
ǰ룡
Ҷǫѷÿ·Ҫţûʲôð취
˵ͷߵ˴ǰһ˫ŵ˴ϡӣֱӵӱͨ죬˫΢΢
Ȼ˿ƺоԼЩȥ͵ؼӴͬʱ͵һ
ȣ
ѾȫӷˣԾûܺš
֮£ֻѸٺˣϴһ˿ŵ𺳣ôţʲô
ҶεҡҡͷǰӦòȥƿģһʲôèڣҺúң
˵ͷ˺˼ϸӴš
ҶӯһӴȥڿţĴš
Ųƽƽģ棬С͹ĿףƺרǶʲôġ
ţ
ЩСףҶЩɻĽȥָϸСס
Щʲô
Ҷƿ˼ڤһᣬŲǵԴ򿪵ģӦʲôشڡֻҵأܴš
СһλлصĻӦþЩСˡֻǲ֪ôúЩСס
ͻȻҶƺ뵽ʲôһ㣬æӿռָ֮
֮׵ĴССȫͬҶƵоϲ֣æ֮ײһڡ
Ȼ֮ɲУСƺȫں档
ˣҶЩϲЩС׵ȷǲ֮׵û
Ų֮ײܴ򿪵Ļôź棬϶֮ˣ
ҶüͷСԼֻһ֮סӦȥδѰأ
·Ҳɻѣ֪ΪʲôҶ
ô֣ڵ
Ҷƿʵϲ֮֮أ֮Ӧþ뿪ⲻλĹؼˣֻвö֮ײܴţֻһ
ҶƵĻҲת
Ȼ̫֮ʲôǿԿ϶ǣⶫԲôѰҵġֽ׶ҲûѰⶫķ
ֻͨö֮ײܴ򿪣ⲻ˵Ȼûа취
ò׳һ˿ϣҪʧ
Щãϴɻ֮ɫ
Ҷεֵ̯̯û취Ѿˡǿӱö֮ײſԣֻһöɽõģôôλ棬ȥѰʣ֮װ
һ̣Ҳǳ˹ȵסΪˮħ֮һµĻû뵽ȴڡ
òһ˿ϣ˿ҲǱ׵ĥҶһֱ۵ѵԼⱲҲ߲λ
˺þã̧ͷЩɬĿڵûа취ҶСѣ
ҶƵͷ̾ǰղҲԹˣŸͲǵԺġҪ򿪣ֻö֮סֻһöһǵɽʱżȻãܹʣµö֮ףܿŵģ
˵Ĳôôλ棬ָȥѰأ˵ҪѰҲλ涼ȥȻ
ѵĳȥҡ
Ļû˵꣬Ȼ䣬ضɽҡ¡ԶͨϵĲţ·ȫȺڱڣ̤Ŵء
粻ϯǴݿƣͨŰţռ䳹׸ѣһѿ֩һ
ˮħ֮ϣ֮ڡХҪʮ˺ϱĴСɽһľӰȻأ˲֪ʯŨϯܲγ˾޴Уƹƻѿһ޴·ҪѴأУ飡
֮ڣ˽¶˾ɫ
ô£
峤ںˮħ֮£澿ʲô
ÿֲƣôˣ
Щǣ·һӣ˻صĳ֮С
Ȼʵǿ£ȴĵ֮Уֻ沨
˵ĻңҢ˺ܿ¶Ϊ˷ܵɫؿѿسˣ
δ䣬һһɫϼ⣬߹Ӻݣ̻գԶߣεض
·ǳ̫Ծƽߣգݴأ˻ϣ
ϼ£죬ֱų񵴣궼ҪԾ
ˮħ֮£˭û뵽ͻȻ֮Żƣ
⡭ѵǡҶ̧ͷǴ֮Ҳǹâ財
ѵзӦˣ
Ҷ˷ܼ֮࣬ٴԾ𡣴֮ϣҫ۵ĹâֱգһصĺƬ쳹
ֺ̺Ҷԡио궼ϼȫ̲ס˫ۣŸǿĺ
֮׹λľ䣡
ع屦
Ȼ֪巢飬Ҷƻļġ


942 Ե컯
ʲô֮ײУзӦˣ
ܴȴžǲҪö֮ףˣҪǣΪһö֮׵Ĳ룬Ȼ˷Ӧ
ǹӴĴŰͨȥŪǱҶƵסţֵӴĳ
ҶСѣô£󾪣Ϊ֣Ҳ޷вҿƵĿ겢϶Ҫʬ޴棡
ŷȥƣѾ͸˲ֱ
֮׵ǿ˵򿪷ӡ֮ص֮Ҫö֮ףÿһöУһ
֮ϵɢ¶ԭ졣Ҳɢ
Ϣ󣬵һжƽعžеĽ⣬ٴλָʵ޻󡣵ҶܹӦƺܵʲôһ㡣
ͻȻ֮һκ嫵˲ÿ˵Ժ֮С
ҶƵɴ˫ۣκε˼Ҳǣרھϣֱ红ͯһС
Ҳǵɴ˫ۣ˼ĸ١֣ԼԲҲ൱ˣ
಻һĴ󰡣
Ĵһʶ
֮أö֮ױɽ롣֮ͨλ棬и޾ĻԵڡÿһö֮ףɻһ컯֪һö֮׵֮
λޱȵĺ嫣ͷ
֪֮̽׵֮ҶƱ仰סˣ漴Ӧ˹Цҡҡͷʲôأڸû취뿪ⲻλ棬֮λĻ֪꣬Σ
ǻһ𣬼æˣ컯ϵ컯ÿ֮ϲһ֮ף֮ŶֳһԵԽգʵ϶ž޴İ
Ҷɻüô˵
ܹղ֣϶ǿԽɵģһͲе컯ЩԼʵѾˣڷǸԼҶƵʵ
ϾʮȻһ˵ȷǿˣǶǿ˵̫ˡ
ҶܹλԵ컯֮½ɣǴһδй漣
ɵɣֻ˶̶̼µʱ䣡ŸĵرĸٶҲĿģ
鴫ȥĻ֪˻ᾪ
Ҳˣ˶ʲôԵ컯ûʲô̫ĸֻЩصɽ磬صļ԰
󣬴˲һõɹ⣬˳װΧ
ҶƸоԼůĹâΧһʱڵǧë׶ſΧʮҲ΢΢
Ҳһָоһɲһ֪һ֮ŸĻԵ컯Ҳ˵ʲôһĿ񣬿ʼٵЩ
Ҷ۾ܣ˴һƬɹӳգɵء
ˮħҲʵǶ컯ˣ֮ʯͤıԴٲһƬľʥ
ڱЩΧ֮ҶƷԼٶȿࡣ۶ƿڵڵЩɶ
ٶȹȻ죡ұڴһҵٶȣ˵ֱܹӳɾɵʵ
žԸҶƵϥ£ӿһƬƽͬƬصںΪһ׵Ľ״̬
ˣҲͬʱ״̬
Ƕ˭ԼʵǿһЩȻӦúúðס

Ҷ͸һ˿༫Ƴʱϴųֵ
Ҷƽ״̬Ѿܾúܾˡ
ʮ۷ΪҶоâһ΢΢Ǹóһˣ
ԽƬɾһ꣬һζԼ¡ԴǰΪﵽʮɶ壬Ȼûмڳɣĺ
Ϊţֻƶĳɾǿɣ
ڣʮŲõǳŽɫĹâҪɾɣЩǳͻ᳹Ϊһ塣
Ʈ߹Ҷƣܹ򼫱ڵˣһһľ磬ʵҲĸԡ
ҶһֱƮӵĻʶôʱ䣬רðڷ߶ԴĥԼĵġ
ֱҶǿ߶Եͨͨ˹ļޣƺֻһܽɡ
ǣȻҵģһСľͻʧܡ
֪ƾڵ״ֱ̬ӽɣʵܹٱأҶ͸ڴһֱ״̬̤֮ôܹ֮ͬսʤԼģǷëǡԲʵԼҲʸһս
ŤŤͷ˶ڿ֮УҶ΢΢һЦû׼ǡ
һ̣Ҷ±˫ۣӿһȫͬۡӰڿնɲǼϢƬ
ҶƵͺһͷۡϣʱѹϢ¡¡ӿȫ͸Ļƽϼâ´ض֮Ķ

ⷽصһŨˮĻҶƵȻҶƸоһ̵ļɵ·
ߣҪҽףΣ
Ҷһ˿мһ󾳽ɵɣ
ֻҶʼãǰЩֱӺˡ
ɽɵȴѣҶƸλ˹£ļͳ̶ȸԶͨ
ʶעڣԼһƬʵĺɺﵽʮɵʱˣֹͻɵ
ܼͣҶƿŭѪһδγԾ˿ʯ΢
ҶҲֻ΢ˣ˿δ谭ϡ
ɾ֮УʲôϣࡣͻƣҲ̫ѡ
ҶѾĴ㣬ǾͻʱʧܣҲǰѡʱضٴνֻҪѡ
ֻҪһΰסᣬпܽ׳Ϊɡ
ڵʮŲõĽɫǳѾĿʼںϣӴڿٵںţʮ̫չţ˻ȡ
Ҷסָоںǳͻϡ
ڵһһĳŵﴦĺ
ҶͬʱٿߣȴֲѡʱԼĲٿأ˲ϸƽʱϿ϶ģʱΧ֮УԼ
ʱʱ


943 ںǳ
Ҷһ׼ʮŽɫǳںһ𡣼ȻҪںϣȱڻ
ڵԪΪɫǣ޷Ԫڵȥһͨ˵ֱûеϣҪҪҶ˵νûԪڵжͷĵڶʶ
ڶʶǾöںݻɣͬΪʲôҶƵҪһǿԭ
Ȼ㸲ҵĵﴦԪôҾõڶʶٿ
һѵ߲ͬʱеġֶμеɶһĳ
Ҷˣ˿ǧͬʱֲĶͷ˵ε亹ԿڼȵĽŵСвпʧܡ
ηʧܣǾֻһ˿һɹĻᣬҲܷŹ
ԣҪþȫȥƴ
ںǳܹɾɵľͻܹɾɵǣѰڳɵʱ򣬶һһûҶôҾҪһλҾҪһĳѶ
ʮŲõĽɫǳĻΪõĹâʮŹâѾӽˣֻҪǳΪһ壬Ǿ͵ǵɼľ
ʱҶƾֳܷȥǸʱȻҲʮþˡ
˿ˣӴĽѾ𽥵ܿ͵˲һӡЩԶԶĻ
Ҷ¶һ˿ƴ֮ɫҧأƴˣƴˣ
ȣ
һŭĴҶƵ˲䱩ǣʶ֮еӴĹâٶѹһ룡
ܿ죬Ӵùâֻʣԭ֮һСˣ
Ҷƻ㣬ȻڼŬ׵ĴҪʶʣµȻǾ
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ҶƵĿģ
ѹѹ
̣
õѹⲢӰҶ˿
ڿˣõڳױѹССһţ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬ҶƸоԼͬɽһ޷Ӵӿ
ǹǿ˲ըѿÿһ䣬Ǵϸ޺ۣȫ¡
Ҷһ䣬ãֱ˿ףν֮ŴĻԵ컯
£嫣ƬоͶ˵統С
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ҶƵڣʮǳѾʧȡ֮Ǻ纣һСУľɳݣ
ǣⲻֻǴѣҶͻ򻹲ɡ
Ҷƾȵ˲䣬˿ԥһݶѪͷڶʶڵϣһѷУŵϵĺٿȻնȥ
ϣ
ķ侪ˣȫҶƵϣһն֮εǿֱӽһɵնĩ
Ȼּն֮ϣ䶯˼£󴫳һľ죬ȫû˵
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ҶƷδһδεĳգһʱȥĺڱҶȴ֮ǰǰݣӿĺȻ
ԼԼεӴ󣬲˵ĿȻɽҲǿ󵽾˵ĳ̶ȡֱԳ׷ɽ
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ҶһܸУҲֻ˲ѣֿܿʼ˳
ģһöɫСָֻǴСȴޱȼ̵ĸоɫС˸ɢŲöĿĽ⡣
Ҷƴδһ֣ȴо͸Ŵѹư̲סǰоС
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ҶƵᷭжһˮΡˮα䵽޷ĳ̶ȣƺıԴ֮㶼͵ļƸ˲䱻ʧȥ֪
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ҶƼ֮ϲؽʱˣţһٲ֮£϶ǿͻƵģ
һ뵽Լɣһ󼤶


944 ׳ɹ
ҶƴûԼôٵĴɽɡԼصɽĻһȺĿɿڴİɣ
Ͼٶȣ˭ĵġ
Ҷйâ˸ԽԽãоԼѾһȻһôƣ
˲ҲɲǼ伯еһٵصľУһӿ죬Ľһ
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Ҷδ֮ǰѿɳĳ̶ȡһ֮Բһǿ


945 ɺ
ɾУҶ˫Ŀ΢գƽһȻĴɢһɲŭɢ˳Χ졣Ѫ⾧ӨĽ͸õĹâͬһյӿŵơ
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͵͵޴˧ĿҼ޻֮ĻסҲ֪޸ǻûзʲôìܡ
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946 ﶷ־
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947 ֵ
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Ҷƾĵͷû˵ʲôеļѾܺõ˵˿̵顣
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ңǾһĴӹж֮ףҲֻǵڶöѣڶöԭڶöڲλ֮УѾǺܲ˼ˣѵ㻹öҲڲλȥѰǶôСĻʰûѣ㵸
Ҷ̾һѾɿˡҲһ㣬ȻǾͲȫԼƾԼȥսɡ
ƺоҶеս⣬ҲȲŤŤ壬ģˣǻʱ޿̵ĸߵģǲλĹҲɣģ
Ҷ¶˾ΥЦݣҲǵļתǰ磬ԼѡҲԼĿǣǣΣҲҪصλȥġԣһԼȥԼȥõǵڶö֮ף
˵ЩʲôǱסˡ
ҶСѣȻѾϷҲȰ˵ʲôˣСġ
ҶƵ˵ͷǻһۣ͵سȥ
ٶȼ죬ٵĳ˿ռѷ죬˺ˮħأ˵֮ϡ
ʱǻ˵ģڣȻСĺ䶯
һ߷УһڸҶƱԹҲ̫ǶˣƽרĻԵ컯˵ʲӹȻֱӱ˵֮ǰɱҡ
ҶЦҡҡͷʵҲûʲôǸսжڹηҲġǿɲǹȻǲϣϺˣ
ţǿ϶ǿԵģôҶЦעǣоĳǱѹ꣬˿䣬е˷֮ˡԼһξѪΪʵһЩ
ڵЩЩäĿšҶҲʲôԹǿĲȻҲͻԼĶλ
Ѹٵ뿪֮УߵǰʱỹҶ֡
ڸ֮УûĿ֪꣬óıߡ
ˣҲɽ𣿡Ҷƿѯʵ
ǵ˵ͷǵˣҵɽޣһǿץ˷ӡһӡһꡣ˵ֻҵȵҪȵ˲ܱųˣҪȵ˰
Ҷţɻ֪ܹԤ֮ˣ˭Ȼľ֪ԼΪʧܶⲻλ棡
һᣬҲûͨҶҲͲȥˣһʼǰС
ҲǽҶϴޱȼ֮ɫóҲǺŵģֻǲ֪ܹá


948 ֮
ôĲ֮׳أֱԪջ᲻ЧյҶͷĵڶʶڣҶ˼⣬Ҳ벻ס
ȻĻǾȥһЩƷɣ
ֽϵվǳ֪ҪУ
Ҷƾͱͷ׼ȥץùĲʵһ¡
Ҷƴǣɳ˸ڡڵĲѾɾˣҲֻг˸ڲҵżεһЩ
ڸڸûʲôͲľۼأҶҲʮֵġʵĿǰλҲֻȼҶɵ޴˧סԼʥʦ
ȥЩˣҶƿ˵ڲλǺߣ
ͻȻҶ˫۾ͷԼĿ꣬һſڵϢһֻ˫ͷ񣬷ʴЩж
Ҷһæͣ·˫ͷ񣬵Ữڿ͵γһõİɫУǴɵĹУиҲǼΪǿ󣬼޼᲻ݣ
˫ͷûзӦֱӱǹ˲ѣ룡
ƲƲˣôһСϣҲȤ𣿡
ҶҡҡͷҲʵһ£ڲλ棬βſЩ֮ƺ֮Ψһ׵;ֻǲ֪ɽˣܹúһ;أ
Ҹλʱ֮ͨ𣬿ԵõⲻԺ֮еļ䣬ǿʵҵķԣΣҲҪһ£ⲻλ棬û취Ҳζ޷ʵܹղ֮ĻôԶ
ǱҶ󵨵𾪵ˣûôҶƵ뷨Ҳǲɵõ˵ͷ͵ƺܲ˿ȥһ£
ţ
Ҷ䵽˫ͷʬǰһ䲻ҡҷĻ磬ְС
ڵ֮Ҷƾþȥ
Դ֮֮иܵǵǱ塢־
Ҷ͵ؽ֮ڣԪסȻڻǵλһ㡣
ĽȻҶʧˣΪ֮ȷգǲûʲôʵԵǵõһЩɢļ䡣
ЩҶ˵пޣҲε̾˿Ȼĵһγʧˡ
ǿҶƵüëҲǳ԰οûʲô뷨޷ʵ֣ҲδػʲӵĹ
Ҷƹϵҡҡͷֹ̫ˣҲǿԲʵȻֻǴˣʵڵġȻǹܹһнɱǾ˵ȼϵĲ໹Ǻܴġ
սҪǿһɳ룬⻹ԶԶʵĻǹĶ֣Ҳһⲻλ棬ҵʲôİ취ĻͲκνһֱɳʵƾʵôȥս
Ҷ˫ȭ߬ýģɫʮ࣬һҪҵʵİ취ڲλ棬϶ԼĹҼȻܷǲУȥĹȻǣ
ǿҶô࣬Ҳ˵ʲôֻĬĬĸҶƵ󣬸һС
Ҷ˫ٴǧһСɽϵļù֣ȻҶưǵԼˡ
ಣ
ҶƿٵĳЩùָȥٶȷɿ죬ǧ׵ľƺ˲ţ
ЩùָӦҲʮֵУҶƻûнӽʱ򣬾ͿʼŹ͵ؽʸ˳ȥ
ಣ
ƿ֮ҶһۣųԼļʸҲǲΪ͵ƣ͵Ļȥ
һӴ󵽲ɵֱӴҶ֮ɽһݿĴ
Ǽùֱӱѹĩֻʣ¼֮ȼţҡҷš
Ǽʸ䵽Ҷϣ·ûƿʲôƻˡ
ҶƿŵϵǼ֮Ҳǻȥּһ䣬ֱ˿С볢һ£Щһֱɣ᲻Ч
֮УֱڻҶƲûиоʲôڣֲûʲô仯֮ǿһ㣬ʧӰ٣
ôҶ۾ޱɻ˼š
ԼĽṹͬҲֱ֮ӻΪް˵֮ǱԼ˵ĻҲܣ
ҶֻһСʱ䣬ּһ֮һΣҪһַ
ֱӽ֮ŵüǰüĴһССУڵĵڶʶתڶʶֱ֮˽ҿʼ
ҶʮּѵĿУ
֮Ҷ¶ʧ֮ɫ֮𱻵ڶʶ֮Ҳûʲô仯ʵʲôˡ
̾˿Ҷ֪Լʧˡ
ŵϵĽ֮Ҷ̾˿ֽ˿УȻûʲô仯
Ȼˣֻѻˡ
ҶһԲɢԼľȥ̽ռ䡣
ھʮ׵ĵطһľۼ䡣ܺãҶͻȻһ˿ЦȻѾ¶ҳ֮ķǾͲﵽĿĲݡ
ಣ
ҶѸٳǸȥʮ׵ľ룬Ҷƽ͸ϵˡ·ĲҶŤŤӣ׼ɱˣ
ǿҶɱЩ׹һɣҲǲɵøоԼЩҲֱӼսţ
ĲǧҶƵ£첻κЧĽ
ҶƵʵɳ룬ⲻλǾߵȵĲֻ֮ΧѣǿҲȣ޷Ҷκв
λ棬ҶɵģҲôȼ˰ɣ
ǵĻܹɵģֻʣ֮Լʯ֮λλŵȲվڲλ۷Ĵڣ
ЩϣҶƻӻ־ɱһƬ
ӵʱ䣬ǧѾȫΪ֮ɢڵϣҶûκγɣʼ˷գ
ŵǧ֮ҶаΪŸо֮ãôôһϵӦȫӭж˰ɣ
Щ֮һˮһٵıҶС
ʱһһȥЩ֮Ѿһ뻹ࡣҶȻԼû˿⾿ôһ£
֮£Ҷֹֻͣ˵ǰĶε̾˿
ѵΪҵ幹ﲻͬԭ֮ҲЧ


949 
ٶೢԼο·߲ͨĻǻһİ취ʱ԰ο
ҶüͷӣŵϵЩ֮ʵڲӦȥЩֱ֮ɲУסȻڻҲáȻǾʲô취
ͻȻҶ˸һ˿⣬һ취
ɻҶƣ֪Ҷʲô
Ҷ΢΢һЦ͵վǣͬʣ˵ҿͬһҪͬĶаħұǣХǣǣǣ׾ѪҲǣ
ȻĻԼͲܽЩͬʰ֮ͬô
뵽Ҷ͵һ֣̽µЩ֮ȫյ˿СͬʵЩ֮ȫΧס
Ҷ˫֮˲˸һ˿⣬
ã
֮ѩһѸڻҶڡɢȫµÿһ缡
˲ĸоҶ
໣
Ҷ˲λĹ֮УҲòλĹˡ
ܹ֮ǿԼʵɽ֮Ҫ׵Ķ࣡
֮ᱻͬΪԪԼڶʶ֮תҶ˫ش̼֮£ʵҲǷ
ԼΪͬʣԲܹһ㽫֮ͬԼ˲λĲûܹˡ
ҲֻҶƲǸ࣡
ĿɿڴҲԹ֮𣬵һöûСʮҶƣвɵö˵Ŀָһ¥
Ҷƽе֮һϣԼоʵǧ֮һȻ鳩ˬйâ˸̽ʶȥɨΧռ֮ڡ
Ȼҵİ취ҶȻҲǲϷŹĿɱĲȻǵ֮ʵ
ţڸǧ֮⣬һľۼ䣬СܺãҵĵڶĿˡǣߣ˵ţҶһԾ𣬷ٵĳǸȥ
Ҳæں棬ҶƵٶȼ죬Ҫ۾ܸҶƵĲ
ǧ˵ԶҲԶƾҶƵٶȣܹڶ̶̼֮ڸϵġ
·ĲۼĲ䣬Ҷ¶˲õЦݡ֮ϵô಻Ǵٽʵ϶ѣ
ҶûʲôеĽֻЩڵ֮
ͬ㹻֮ǿʵģʱգҲʲô¡
ҶѾ˹滮δҪĲʳ֮ΧһЩСͲ䣬ǵ֮׳Ч
ôһٶȣ϶ܹڰڽ׵ġǡһЩߵȲĻǵ֮𣬿϶ŸǿЧ
ҶƵХһ͵ɱЩĲڡˮЩﷺžֵҶƽԶһŲż򵥴ֱɱ
ܿ죬ЩѾɱ˴룡ҶһȭܹһƬռ伤ķ鿪ЩСĲ޷Ҷǿֻޱı塣
ɢһƬһƬ֮ѾһЩתĿ꣬ڷҶƣǹڵϴ֮
ǵıܣ֮ĿѾ
ҶƿһĻҲֹЩܹ׵Ļô˵ֱĺϢĲһܲҶҲܷġ
Ӷȭͷһ˻ȥȻڿռը޴һαըܹƬռŪ÷飡
ЩѾ߰˰ˣҶҲӿٶȡΪ˿ٽףѾɱ¾ħҲˡ
ⲻλ֮УɱȻ֮Ψһĳ·
뿪Ļֻˣ
Ҷƺ뿪ص֮Сڴ֮ǰҪһɽ磡
ҪŪԼΪʲôĪⲻλ֮Уһ©
عʱԼǰĲѾȫΪ֮ˡӴĲڣҲûĴڡ
ɬЦЦҶܻܲȥǸδ֪Ҵӹûö֮ףһöءһöⲻλ棬ôһеŬǰ׷ˡ
ҶͻȻ뵽ʲôɫһܹⲻλͻƵϽɣ϶ҲǿȻ뿪ⲻλġֻǣּʾ͸СˣڡɱλĲе֮ҲûܽϽɵġⲻλλͲֻǾŵȲôˣԸ⣬ʱĲգ
λȻƺǾŵȲҲ۷壬ûܸһ
Ҷһ糤ˮ͵ؽе֮𶼳Լ
ռڵĿŵ֮ҶС
ҶƸоڵ漴תΪ
ǾʹҶĿɿڴĿһСʲô˵ҶΨ֮⡣
ǿ޲ڵȻʵѾԲˣǿһֱû취ԿҶˣҲʮּ
Ҷһе֮У˿תͷǵļûʲôʵ֮󣬻һЩҵľѪҲϾֻԼԸΪŵȲ֮Щ˵εģ
ǼѣȻҶƵľѪжôǿǿһҶƵľѪӾͷ߽ٶһЩҶƵľѪĻнʲôҲ˵ġ
뵽о͸˷ˡ
ڵĿʲôǿʵ
Ҷƶ˶٣ڵѰҸĲԼʵΪ

ߣҹһŭռ䶼ڲͣĲ
֮ɭ޴֮⣬һǿ׳Ӱ߽ŵĺɫһ䣬͵ؽӰס
޴˧ǸʲôЩԿ˶޴˧η塣
͵ɨһλʦ¶һ˿мζͣûʸ֪Щñң
ȻڲÿλáȻη޴˧ʼûԼʹ
޴˧ҪΪСģ
ǸҲÿɫһ䣬˲ŭ٣ӴֱѹȵͨһڵϣҲѿ˴Ƭѷ졣
壬ΪʲôᷢôĻ𣿡ʱһӰɫͬٲһɢ䣬һ˫ɫԵ쳣а졣


950 ֮ŭ
Ҳƺ˲٣ռ֮еѹҲǺòײɫ԰ס
Ȼλ׵ʵҲǼǿߵȲʵ޴˧ǿѹǰ㲻ʲôȫֵһᡣ
ŤͷȥЦʲôʱͻƵĵ߽ףСС;ʵԺǰ;
ǰϴŲ΢Ц崺硣ߵ޴˧ǰһˣ֪ΪʲôأһôĻʵСֶЩ졣
ЦҡҡͷСӣ㸸׽гҸлҪ˵
һΪѵ壬ʵڲСֶˣ״Ĳڡʲô飬Ը˵һΪת׵ģ
ĸһôαҿ˸еģ޷ŭ߬ȭͷ͵һ֣֮˲俪ʼʵӴĴɢ¡죬ڿռڹ᳹
޴˧γһӰڿ˸š
ûκζΪó޴˧ľٶûʲô⡣
ǹӰ֮ϣܿ쿪ʼ˷ӳ档
ֻӴĺɫȦǵأƺҪɣ
ͫ˲̲סĸ
漴ЩɫȦɢ֮µľҳԼĴѾ˲߸úġ
㡭㾿ʲôˣͻȻ֮дһŭĺǵҶɱֻˡ
˵أһʮᣬ˿С
ǻ׵ˣΪʲôΪʲôҪԴ˧Ϊʲô׻Ԫ˧֣Ǿҵ˭ܸܵĳ˿̵ľ֮⡣
٣ԼƺŪʲôһʱ仹ҿ϶
ˣ˰
ǾһҵĽ泹׻Ϊޡ޴˧˫۶Ű΢΢
Ϥ˶޷ŭ˼µӡ
ңүλж˻أ޾ʹԼƽΪԭðЩ
޴˧ŭҲֲģ
ѾȥæջԼ˼۾о޴˧Ǿ仰
壬Īˣֻײʹáʵ׵ģûʸʹãڣѾʶһЩԾʵʵĻش
԰
˻һ
ȻֻײʹóôүǲҪһ˵أ
һ˲ɫüΪѿ֪Ϊʲôһ޵ôǹҲ绹ʲô֪ȫ֪
Լףױڣһе˿ҲЩͷǣȫ֪ô¡
ϾԼԽʱԽҪ侲Դ¶һ˿ңǿɾˡ˵Լݲ޿һ첻µزµ
Լ׶Ҳʮּɵ
ұ֤ȫĸ۵ޣȫ¡Σû취Щ˵˵޻׵
ڵ֮ǣȶס޵
޴˧Ѿܾûôŭˣò׷ֵһϡĿȻô˸°ˣֱӳߣһʣ£
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ΪԼܹס󲿷ˣԾû̫ģֻɳһʵǿļ๤ȥأ˭֪ԽˣԽ¹ʡ
ŭǣȻһģ
ѵǱҪԼ
Ҳû̫࣬ڵõϢ֮󣬾ֱ˵һױָ˵˭֪ڹ۶ϣȴˡ
βʣ
һԼǰɫԵЩ
壬֮ȷЩᣡһѾ׼һ˵ǣΣԼҪȸƲϵ

ҶĺһǽĲ䣬ŤŤؽڣŵȫЦݡ
û뵽ڣȻȲȻȲ֮𣬵ȷζһЩҶ˸ž⣬һɨƣģʮо
Ǿ͸ҶĽ۹ⶢҶƿ
Ҷ૵ҾףֽһֻҪµļ֣վӵиսʵģ
ˣһӦȥϰͶҲɽˣ˵ܹ뿪λ棬Ҳ֮õɣҶǰһ


951 ѰҰͶ
Ҷһ֣ǰֳ֮һââڿ˸ǵ㣬ƺһȱĵͼ
ЩҶڲλʱͨԼʶȥ֪ΧĻõĵͼȻôǿҲܹҶⲻλвһͷӬ
һԼλãԼϰͶڵĳĲԶȫ·Ļʱܸϵ
뵽ҶҲȺġȻЩָϣǾûа취ˣֻܿԼϰͶҲɽˣһֱҪ뿪ȥ뷨
ϰͶҲɵʵȻֻɳ롣ǱϾǳʱڣҶҪ˵İҪԿɲô׵顣ƾǣһ㡣
ҶƲ֪ϰͶܼܲʵ˵ʵϰͶһֱɳĻôԼİûж١ȴƣ
ҶƲ֪ϰͶʲôľƽζױȵĴҶ˵Լܹǿʵá
˵ģϰͶľƣһɵҪ档ҲΪʲôҶƶôĵԭ
˵ʵڵģϰͶԼҶƲûжġ
˵ôôҶƾԿϰͶ
ϰͶⲻλ꣬Ҳһ㾳綼ûܽԭܴһΪûλ֮ڣ޷ҲΪʲôʵһֱԭ
ҶƵĳȴܺõĽ⣬ܹɱȻǵ֮֮תΪԹԼյô򵥡
ȻϰͶû취֮ôԼȫԽϰͶ˷
˵һҶٶȽϲ٣Ҷȱľʱ䡣Ѿ˳ȥ׼
ϰͶӦǿɲͼ򵥵һλɳʵôˡһϰͶҲܴҶյ㹻Ȼʵ
˵λûڣϰͶ˵˵Ҳǻľ飬Ϊԭ޷ףô˿յ㹻ǻΣ
Ļһ緢ƣǿµģ
Բô˵ϰͶˣҶ˵Ǽаģ
ҶƵǵʲôϰͶʧȥǿҪŬܶģǻڰ֣ϰͶӦ˲λİӣ裬ȥƴǾĺް취ˣҶµģ
ˣҲǳҲãѾá
ãôļƻǣȥƹϵһϰͶȻƶļƻҶʱֻԼȥȡ
ǲҶƵ뷨ʵҲ̫óӡäĿĸҶƵжϾѾҶƵҪˡ
Ҷ̧ͷҲоԼЩˡһ·ϣǾûǿĲǿҲֻȲһƬ
һ·ϣоʮɣҲʮֵġòֵǸϵ䲻ģλǿ߽һκһֱûʲôᡣ
οƺʲôƻеȻˡ˵ͻʩչĿռ䡣
ҶƵ˵ͷѾмƻˣȣȸȥһˣ
˵ţҶӰֱʧ˿С˫̤֮£ƻã˸ֱ治Ĳ
˷λҲȫĳ˳ȥ
ǵͺһҲ˷ޱȵĸȥ
˾۳ڿռ֮ڣ˵ʵ·λ棬ҲǰéĴڡǰ˵Ȳʵ֮ϣͲʲôв
ڰ˵ȲѾǹҵˣôô׾أ
ң˵ȲһֻҲĹɣ
Ҷƿٵĳǳڸȥһ·ȻǷ಻ľۼ䣬ȻһȫЦɡһ·ϣҶƵջҲķᣬĲȫ֮ҶڣΪǧ֮еһ֡
ӴҶЩ˷쳣ֱǿһڸʵĹĻ
˺ʵȫҶƸˣһûʣ¡
֪ѾӽˡҶ֪ڳڣкܶ˻ȽϸߵȵĲΪ˶鷳ֻɢһŵϢ
ר׵ϢʵҶӵ׾ѪҲǵӦ֣Ҫ׻Ҫһߣ
ֱʣҶζû뵽ġʺսɣ
ҶƲ鷳ܷԼڰµʱܵ˵Ӱ졣Īķ꣬Ȼ̲סĴɱ䣡
Ҷɱ֮ѾкöˣЩɻΪʲôΪֹǻܵɱӰ졣
ʱȻҪҶҲûرĹġ
һڣҶŰϢѾȺﾴԶ֮ǿʵף͸˿˿а죬Щĸоǣһǿ󵽲˼ף
Ȼ˼⣬⻹ŪġǶ˲ǣþǾԶ֮
ҶҲֵڣһɨΧĵȲлһЩȵĲ֮УȷһЩСľۼҪǿĶ࣡
ҶѾԼ˷ˣѾԼ飬Ҫǣ
ЩٲȻѾΪ˼õ׵Ψһϣ
ǰߣŵϵĿӿݣҶƲɵݸЩݣԼһ԰ʱսġڲиûʲôά޵˼άһֱ
Ҷһ첽ԶµСƹȥ
ǾʵʵĸҶƵĺ棬Ҳ˿ԼʵҲȷǿʵѾһЩȽСĲ
ǱȽǿһЩģҲŬĳѹ
ʵ̫ǿˣԲʵ൱ڰ˵ȲҲֲãΪʲôӰ˴
߳ȥԶЩŴһղŵĸоͬɽѹͷȻߣҲ˲١
ǰľƹݣ˵ƾɣСҶȴû˿Ʋ˼Ǵֵľֱȥƿ˰ŵš
Ҷƿŵ˲䣬һɲɵľڴӴķХ㽫ҶƵϯȥ
ϰͶ˵ôƹͣӪҵǲ۾⣿ſڵıʶȻˣϰͶԼбҪΪ㳤ԣ
Ҷ˫˲͵վº¡죬ѿ˵ѷ졣
Ӵĳ£ҶƶѸӦʵȻ𽥽ģҪ֪ԷҲɵʵȻҶͬȣҶڲִ֮ķӦ
ף
ƹڴһϰͶƺΪ죬û뵽߾ȻǿʵԼһ֮£վ壿


952 
ϰͶԼʵģҪԼĹ֮վģҲǸߵȵĲ
ôһССĳУʲôʱߵȵĲأ
ϰͶɻѣҲаֵĵΪĿǰ̫߾ûж⡣ǧ꣬ΪаչˣһֱҲǺܰݡ
Ը첻µزµġⲻλ֮ڣʵûաȻһֱŬԼľ磬ѹԼʵȴûκã
û㾳ﵽ۷壬Ҳã
ƵӰ£ҲֻüѡûܵʲôӰ죬ǻʵԲʵ
ϰͶȫʢʱڣǵĶ֡
ƲƲ죬ˣӭģ
ҶνҡҡͷûϵǽȥɡϰͶƵվһԳ
У谵ĵƹ⣬ҶЦЦҲ֪ΪʲôϰͶҪͣӪҵ˵ӦúܲŶԡ
һӰ߳˵ͣӪҵ˭ϰͶﵷң
ҶοڵϰͶҸ𣿡
˵ţҶߵһǰ£ϹŵЦ⣬ôϰͶ
ϰͶ˴ӣԭСӣôôʱ䲻棬ֿʼϰͶ𣿡
£ȻǲҸһȻҶƵƢȽϺãһЩǻǶġ
ǣǾʵʵվҶĿתĶϰͶ
ϰͶþòҶЦŸϰͶк
ϰͶ̾˿ߵ̨ǰʼٵĵơֻ͵ؽƹϿУŵƾסƿ͵ҡһֲƵʮֵĸߣۻҿ嶯
ǵõҶ΢ЦŷԸ
ϰͶʲôҶѾûȤȥˡþûƷϰͶˣ˵ʵЩˡ
Сӣôʱ䣬㾿ȥϰͶ⿪ѯʵ
ȥһ˻֮أҶ˼Լڻ֮صʱ򣬲ʥʦ޴˧ĳĻ
ԴԺҶоͶʥʦ˾ҵĳޣһʮּǳˣȴҲԲԭ˺Լˣ
ѾˣʵһЩʱ򣬴ﵽԲʱ򣬾ȥ֮ڡһȥĲܹЩȫɱǵ֮Ǹһôõ飡
Ǹ˶û뵽ȥ˻֮أȻûǸ漣ϰͶԼ𾪣ͬʱԼƽ˹
ҶĬĽӹһƽҰһݸǡǻźӹ˿С
ԭһ˿мȥƷģȴԼ𾪵ˡ
ƽһڣ˲оȫǧë׶ſھųֵӪ
ǧݣɱǹԵˬУ̲סһ
ɴ˫ۣ̫˼ˣҴû־ҺȻˬ
ϰͶ仰̲סĶˡ
ߺߣȻˣϰͶգ·λ棬ҲǶһ޶ģ
Ҷ۾ҲǼΪܵĽƽУȻѵõһܡ
ϰͶЦеĶҶ´Ǿ˲䣬ϵЦݽסˡǿʼʶĳ鴤Ȼһֱ˼顣
㡭㡭ʵ
ϰͶɴ˫ָۣҶƣЩͰ͵ġ
ҶЦЦϰͶԼϿ˶ߡΪڲλû룬ϰͶǧûǰ벽Ҷֻͬô̵ʱ䣬˷ٵԭɵʵ
ôܾҵʵ𣿡ҶЦеʵ
ϰͶ͵سһץסҶƵĸ첲ʹҡиңңô£ʵνģ
ҶûϵϰͶķӦ˾ңһĲ㱻ϰͶ˵
Ҳ͹ϰͶʵĿ飬ҶƺòײŰϰͶƿһŲҾֱ˵ĿżɽˣûΪԭ򣬿Щڵ֮Լʵԣ㿴ɳʵϴμ棬һֻɣ
¡
ϰͶֻоһ£Щ֪롣ôҲû뵽̶̵ʱڣҶƵʵ˴Ľ
ҿ԰Լڵ㣬Ҳߵľ磡Ҷ촽ȴϰͶоȫڴ
̫ˣû뵽
ɽˮ·һ壡
԰ԼңϰͶЩɲĶҶƣҪŪҶΪλô
Ҷĵ˵ͷûֻҪԴԴϵ֮ҾܹԣΪⲻλ棬ҿյҲ޾ģ
ϰͶڲͰ͵ǡ㡭ΪʲôҪң
ҶƲûмŻشϰͶ⣬ٶ׳һն
Ҹһ뿪ⲻλĻᣬӦ𣿡
ϰͶһ£ʯԭءҶҲֻ΢ЦڴϰͶĻظ
С취а취뿪ϰͶҶƶ棬
ҲҰٷְٵıֻ֤һ˿ʶѣܷ뿪ȷҶ룬ǾϰͶ˵ʵ
ˣϰͶ͵վ촽ҰףѾˣˣһֱ뿪ⲻλ棬а취ûãֻ֮һĻʣҲԸȥһѣ
Ҳ֪ʱ䣬ҵĻѾһֲĵزϸ㹻Ļҿֱܹӽ׳ΪԲϰͶѵôˣڳһ˿ϣ⣬ôܲϧأ
ô˵ˣҶ۾ʵ㲻ƭ㣿
ƭңϰͶȻˣеġô̵ʱڴɽ׳Ϊɣûһ˿һĲλ֮Уˣƭ𣿡ϰͶƽĿڵϲӦصʣͬʰɣ
һֵҶƳԾˡɴ۾µò
ϰͶմմϲһҾͰٷְٵˣ
Ҷε̾˿ֲöԷôԼԭͲ³ԼͬʰȻϵ
˵ǵĶ֮ĹأҶٴοڷʵ
ϰͶһ£૵ŵȲվڲλ۷֮ǵĶ֣
ҶƵ˵ͷûȷˣ
ҸɣĴ̼ϰͶŭһ͵һƽǰĵķ飬Ц˵ʲôǸɣ


953 ǧ֮
ϰͶôˬĴӦҶаһô˵Լ£һ֡˵ĿǰֻɳʵֻҪԼܹգٴνף
ϰͶ׵ԲʵôҶƵİǲɹġŵƵļѾǿʦˡ
ãҶƵ˵ͷŵȲϰͶ£Ҳûʲô˵ˡ
ϰͶͻȻһֿĿҶƣ޲ֱˡҶƱ񿴵Щëæ˵ʲô˵
ϰͶٺЦЦھͿʼ𣿡
ʼʼʲôҶһ㶣漴ع˵㴫ô
ϰͶ˵ͷıҪ޷һʧȥǧ˵ĸܣ
ҶƵͷӦĻͻȻʲôҲӦȥſžͿˡ
ȥţ˭ӽôҶվ͵һ֣Űƹڵȫˢ촷ۣڳλá
ЩΣȻӹġǳ󣬶ҼӲ쳣ҶƵ£ɾֵ飬Щˡ
ϰͶһ˼棬ĻȥЩ
˸߲ҵ߳ƹݣԼѾϰͶոסˡ㿴ţҲĸԸġ
ϰͶ۾ǵıӰصĶҶЦЦĲ򵥣
Ҷ֪ϰͶ϶ǿʲôҲ˵ʼ硣
ϰͶ۾վҶ˵ʲôʱʼ㻹Ҫ׼һ𣿡
ҶҡҡͷնҪ׼ʲôڣ
˵ţۼеԪͷĵڶʶڷתţΪٶ̫죬е̫ӴռڶһĺХ֮Ǻˣһһͣ۳ռ䶼𵴵Ĳ
ϰͶȲѣĺҲļ˫ȭ߬йâ˸һ̣Ѿ˺þˡ
ֻҪԼܹĹעôƾԼǧĻֱۣӳ嵽ԲѾǰ϶ˡǣҶڵܲ㹻ԼͻƵġ
˵ҶҲɳʵϰͶе㲻ģϾȼѾǧˣǶڴ⣬ΪҪԶԶһɳ룬Բʵ˱ȽҲ̫࣡
Ҷûа취һԽԼĻôͱȽ鷳ˡĻԲѶҲƾ١
ڣҲ˲ôˡѾᵽϢ޷ԼɺԵ壬˿Ѿڴʮֿ㹻
Ҷ˫֮˲һ˿֮⣬֮УֻʣһָоǾǶͷĵڶʶԪڶڷĳ
ˢˢˢ
Ӵ˲˿ռ֮ڣγһһӴУУͬʱͿʼת޴аš
ϰͶվм䣬д˷֮ɫ͵վем䡣
ͬʱоͿʼľҵתҶƻһоԼڱ޾գɫ˲һףֻ˲䣬ԼڵѾɣ
ڵһƱȽϼȣͿʼˡϰͶգʮƳ֮ڵ
Ҷ۾òײſס١û뵽ǣϰͶĿȷǷǳеģ
ôôϰͶ˼㵸йâԽԽʢ䡣ԭǷϲѵģѾʧȡ֮⣬ƺظ۷ʱ
ǧˣѾǧûչ˷ḻˣҸоһë׶ڲϰͶ˵ĺ˳
ҶɫĿñٶ̫ոɾ
֪ϰͶҪգǿԿ϶Լ㹻
ʮĲڵ֮ĿҲôˡʲôʱֻҪɱһЩǾͻָˡֱɽʱҪɣ
ҶƺԼٶȣò˼ʮ꣬϶ܹ׳ΪԲģ
ȻԲڹ˵Ծǲֵһᡣô˵Ҳ˵һǣ
ҶƼţǧ֮Уʼ£


954 Բ
ϰͶʵȻڲϵ֮Уھ޵׶һƺƲҶڵ
ҿҶƣǱ˵ĻԲҲסôٵգΪҶתĵطֱԪͷĵڶʶͬʱҶڵȫ͵˿е֮ڣϰͶͿٵС
Ҷľ̶ȣҪһҪǿ̫࣬ϰͶ˵ҲĶ
δչ˾ҲһԤУԼһΣҪֱӽˡ
ԭҶڵЩǣڵѾϲˡ
ǧҪͣϰͶѾ׷ˣŲõЦݡһᵽǧûܹζӴڵÿĸовļ
Ҷƶͷ亹һһţҶܵѹҲԽԽ
ܼ֣ĿľǸϰͶ㹻ֱͻƳΪԲֻгΪԲܸԼİ
ţҶȫĵġλ棬ǶֵĲҲûмǲôɵľʱɣ
ҪȫʩչˣܻЩۣŵ㣡ҶɫüΪأϰͶ
ϰͶһҶƾȻûʹȫǼѡ
ɣϰͶܵס
Ҷƺһ˫͵ſ˲еټӿ죬Ӵĳ˲˿֮епǿһ㣬ȫϰͶϡ
ٵϰͶļ֮УУָоЩЩܡϰͶôںЩЦţЦᶼˡ
һ̣Ѿ֪˶ã־壬˷ܣϵЩʹֱӱˡ
ڵѾܵһĳ̶ȣϰͶסϢڣҪʼԲˣ
ҶƵ˵ͷ͵һأ
ϰͶڳӯ͵سȥǧĻۣѾֻ̤Բ֮УֻΪûԭ򣬲Ųܽס
ǽգӵҶƾҪͻһȼˣ̣˷ܵĻڲ
ǧ꣬ǧҪڽʵˣϰͶ͵ŭӴֱӳڵ֮Уݿһ㽫ЩȫɢƬ
˲䣬һɿĸоˣϰͶ˫֮˲Ųõľ⣬˶ԳһֹϢ
ָоҶҲǽ׵ʱȫһԲϢ׳ɹ
ͣ
ҶƸоԼҪըˣȿֺĳϰͶתȥֳɵĸоҶƼûа취ѾչһҶҲֻҧأĵȴϰͶ׳ɹ
ɹ֮ԼڵƾѾȫɺˡʱֻҪȥɱһЩڵ֮յͺˡ
ڣŲٵĲġǾۼһʵǿȫɱϣָܹ۷״̬ģ
ڣҶƸоԼ̫ˬˣ̫ˡ
ɱĲܹ֮Ȼ
ϰͶڷ֣ԼȫͻѾֻŶ̤Բļˡϲãͷԣ
𣡡
ϰͶţƺҪ㷢Լе˷֮⡣
˲䱻ɳƣţɫնһ𵴣ɫõĴۣҫǧ֮ң糺ɫӳĵЩף
ͬʱڵвԶ˸ſ־֮ɫһЩŭѡ
ȻǱֲǵϢŭˣϢʵ̫ǿһЩﱾܵĸϵ¡
һЩﵨӱȽϴŭĳܿ죬;ۼһɱڡڡ
Ҷɫ԰ףϰͶʵ̫ھңȻĹڵ˿̵ƾŹ˵ûе¡
ڿĽ֮Ҷа̾ȻֵõġȻԼѾõ˻ر
ϰͶ˼ĵͷԼһ˫ƣģĽԲˣģڳӯֻˣȫˣ
ҶĿǽϣٵĴ˼ͷĺ£֮С
ϲ֮еϰͶ͵سҶƱա
ҶһǿԼסƽ⣬Ųֱˤࡣ
ʲôҪˤ𣿡ҶûȻܱˤûһ˿ǿһЧ
ϰͶŷԼЩ˷ܹͷˣ˼ԴٺЦЦ
㿴ңˣϰͶҲҶƣֱó˵Ʊ˫ַתܿͽһƺõľƽݸҶơ
ҶžϢǿ̧ͷѵǡ
ȥɣϰͶƵľҺǿҪɵõģϰͶ۾Ц
ҶҲûж˵ʲôƽСʱоԼ˿˿ӿ룬ʧ˿ƺֻˡֻڵôɺԣƽ޷ɣ
ҲνˣҶԼվǽϴڴȴ˸ο֮ɫ
һǵõ˻رϰͶѾ˳ͻƳΪԲʵλ棬Ҳٮٮˡ
ҶƺһϵļЩǿڻָ֮Уò˶ãָܹ۷ˡ
ϰͶԴӽ֮ϵЦݾûͣ¹ܺãõ޲̸߸һ
Դⲻλ֮ĵһ죡
ͻȻǵ⴫öĲֶˣ
Ҷüͷĳȥ
ϰͶ̧ͷԼķ˵֮ǰ϶ŭɶڣһЦҲ͹ȥˡ仰˵Щ飬㲻ʲô£˿û⡣
Ҷ֮߳󣬷ټĿյѾΧ˲һȥ඼ֻĵȣһЩǿȲ
˿ǶڷŭĶԼҲ֪Щʲô
ҶͻȻЦˣҲȥԭΡ̤Ьٴȫѹֻ֪ô಻ۼԼɺԵ壬ܹõˣ
ϰͶҲ߳ôĲüɫҪնɱȺ쵰
ҵģǱ˷ޱȣΪԼгֵĻˡϰͶͻȻվҪȻˡ
ϰͶһۣӵ۵øңԺҲƷϰͶˣ
ԭſǶʱϢģͷ¡


955 ƴ
˵ʵƷϰͶľ֮󣬻Щ޷԰ˡԼѾϲ㴼ľҺָоڽûиܵġ
ԵϰͶ˵Ļʱֻܻ¡
ϰͶ˷ܵĵɴ۾ЦеǾۼһĲŤŤȭͷһ塣
ϰͶɱЩǵðǵ֮£ҶƿϰͶ˷ܣҲʵԸȥЩոսԲҪԼʵҲ
ϰͶȻЩ˳ͷԣǻǶصġҶƷǳҪ֮Ҳ֪ġ
ȻҪϰͶϰͶ϶вﶼ֮𣡡ϰͶŤŤԴϹŲõЦݡ棬Ȼ˲١
໣
ϰͶ˷ܵĺһ˾ֵҰЩȥٶȷɿ죬˿һ˲ŵĺӰವһ¾ʹܵ˶棡
ٶȣ𾪡ҶҲüͷûмϰͶ֣ûмʵɳ׳ΪԲʵ͸Ӧ˺üΣ
˵ʵҶƸоԼԸЩֱ͸׹һɣϰͶˡ
Բʵܹһ˲䣬Χ۵ǧﳹ
ͣ
֮˲һӴİɫϰͶӴɵЩﶼǿ֮ɪɪ
ϻԲʵڲλ棬ɾ൱ڰ˵Ȳ
ʵԿһҵĴ˧ˡ޴˧ʥʦǰ˵Ȳʵ
ϰͶڵϴ󣬱ײĲ彩ֱԭأ֮Ż£Ƭҳ
䣡
һ޴ӰˣһǿÿսʿȲ
ǣϰͶ£ȲҲһ֮С
꣡
һֻ˻ȽϸߵĲֱӱϰͶƳײķǣֻԭһ䲻ȼյ֮
ЩﲢûʲôڣҲжʶУҲٺ١ĿͬԼǰҲʲô
˵ʵڵģȻʶԼԷʵĲ࣬ҲʲôϾǲûԼʶֻƾԺʶƬ¡
ǣϰͶ֮ش󣬿ӴҲųҫ۵Ĺâ˾ǿ
һԿţƲ졣ʵҲֻ֣ΪܹϰͶľƣֻѡá
ϰͶЦ˫绮ʵĿ磬Х֮λﳹ׷飬һ֮ɢڵ֮ϣɢ˵Ĺ
ҶЩ֮ɫɵÿڵϰͶӿٶȰɣЩﶼ
ϰͶ֮Ҳǵ˵ͷһ˿ĹâǰٵĲ͵˫ָ߾٣ſǾ޴ţȻһͺžͬһ㣬ȫϰͶָӡǰ͵ȥ
Ϊŵٶ̫죬̫ռ䶼ԼȥٲҲ֪ܣֻ¶֮ɫϰͶȻǱϰͶ𵴵վվˡ
һƬõɫͻȻչųǾ޴Ĺ˲䱬ըĹԣͨռ䣬ҲһͬΪҽ
ٱٶǿġֱը˺һᣬӴŴǵĶ档
¡
Ҷ۾ǰһĻò˵Բ֮ϰͶʵ֮һʵķԾڵǰԼò˼оܹܣɱ
Ҷƺ˷ܣֻİֶԼõģ
ڵϰͶҲ˸޴˧Լʥʦսʵ
ҶУһԵļƻĸֳ
΢΢¶һ˿аЦݣʲôطǿĲĻ۵أȻǻ֮أ
֮ʯ֮Ľ紦Ĳ޾ӴǱ˸ҷΪսԭĲǿﾺ棡
ǿ֮գʵҲǷͨڶ죡
뵽ҶЩ
˫֮иһ󾫹⣬°ͣ˼ʲô
ιȰЩ֮˵ϰͶߴٵҶγѣŵ֮ǧ֮
ǰЩ֮͵˿ǳˮһ㣬ϵ֮ȫ˿Уٶȼ죬ֻûмӵʱ䣬ǧ֮ѾҶȥ˴룡
ҶƿٵĽͬȻ
ϰͶһԿĿɿڴ̲סͬʵı̬֮ôɽ磬ϰͶ˵ͬʱϵʣû뵽ҿһݣȴû뵽¼ģ
һӹȥˣҶѾе֮ȫԼСĺһȫ˷֮⡣
ô֮תѾཫɺԵ岹ˡ
ҶŤŤ壬ָоʮֵĻϲ֮ǰϰͶʵ̫ıԴڿҵԼ۷塣
ϰͶĴǣ΢Цǿϧһǣˡﱾǣ
ҶƲÿɷ񣬽ǧɱ֮ھʧȥ˴󲿷ֵĲ֮ΪҲΪ
ղԲʱֳĶʵ̫ˡѵͲ֪͵һ⻹ֻһЩССϺףǰѲλǿ޶޲ҶЩĺǳ
ϰͶҲһЦҡͷԵҲ֪ЩôܹƵģһҾ͵һЩ
һΣҶƿЦá
ϰͶʼ磬عͷ˿Լľƹݣ̾˿ǿϧסǧң񳯾Ҫ뿪ˣЩ᲻ﰡ
ƲƲ죬аһƾƹݣʲôÿϧģֻҪҪﲻܽ
ֻЩ˵ֻ汧ԹΪ˵Ļǿ϶ȲϰͶľˡ
ҶƽԼľͷųȥס˷Բ׵򡣺ܿ죬ɫһ䣬ãܸоһǿڽӽ
ϰͶҶô˵Ҳǲҵæͬʱųȥ̽顣
ܿ죬üëҲһš
ϢƺߵȲΪʲôϢôϤϰͶ
ߵȲһȤСеҪҪһҪң
ûô򵥣ҶƺһղŵĶʵ̫ˣȻǿĲû취һһɣֻߵȣҲһ£


956 ɹ޻
ϰͶû˵ʲôҲʶ̬ԡȻһĲɱҲɱˣ㲻ʲô¡ߵȲɱҲǱȽ鷳ġǣߵȵĲӵԼǣһЩϢݳȥǿɾˡ
һӣôԼЩˣҪ
ʵҪ׸ҶϰͶҲ֪
ָоԽԽǿң˶ôվԭûжͬʱԶʴȴߵȲĳ֣
ͻȻʴһСڵ㣬һϤϢǺڵ֮ɢ
Ҷ۾Щ죬Ҳû뵽˾Ȼǡ
ҶܹϰͶһ˵ѾԲЩ黹ǱȽϼɵġô˷ܣҲȥΪ
ǰ˿̵ľսԭ޴˧Īһͨ鼫ƣ׼ϰͶúúһ˭֪ڰ·ȴ죬Ӵռ䶼Ťˡ
ʱ뵽ϰͶֻϰͶӵʵˣļǵãⲻλûκյġϰͶڵѾɺǧˣҵķϰͶȫųˡ
˭
˼ڤ룬ͻȻ뵽һ
ǸһֻأԼܼ꣡ƺҲǴɽģϳţȻܹܿӶͷų
еʱ򣬰ԼˡǲǣǸҶƵ꣬ȷɽɣ
ѵǡ
ܲϣΪϢѾǴﵽ˰˵Ȳľ磬˸Լʱ򣬻ֻĵȲʵѣ̶ϰ꣬ѵܹӵôĿԽ
ϣٳ߸ۼ֤ʵ࣡
ԶԶأӰվھƹ֮ǰֱϰͶҶƣһδ󺺡
ϰͶ⣬Ͷ֮ɢƸ֮ǰźܴĲͬƺһԼѹϵõ쾡µ֡
ƺղô󶯾ģϰͶˡ
һҲ֪ԼںʲôѵĺҶƵʵԽԼ
ԼȥӺһֱڼӽѵŵߵȲʵٶȣѾ佱ˡ
оԼԼѾܹλǿһν˵ȲҲԲҶƵĻԼԳܲסС
ãаͬʱĿͶҶơ
ҶƵʵһ㶣Լ۹⣬ֻһ۾ͿˣҶƴ˿̵ʵԼǲಮ٣ȻҲߵȲʵ
ɽ磬Ǿɳ룡
ôܡԼȻҶƵʵ˷٣Ҳû뵽ġ
Ǹδ󺺣ҲԼĸоɢְԵƺˣҲڲʵ֪ǳǿԿ϶ǣԼԲĶ֡
ʲôʱۼôˡɻ󲻰ֻ̹Ȼȥʵ
ԽԽҲɵЩԼҲоЩЦԼʲôʱôСˣ
ҶƸϰͶӶЦ˽ԶӶԷпһĨɡ
˲ǱˣǰǣһߵȲɱ֮᲻λǿߵע⣡
͵ؽڿյ֮ϣһͷɫĳͬٲһ˳£ɫа˫͸˿˿졣͸šŵаɫƵĳۣԵء
ϰͶҶƣþòֲĿǻ
ϰͶЦЦ߹ȥİļ򣬵ûϰͶѾԲˣ
һ˿֮ɫѯʵôģ
ϰͶգգۣЦеܣ
˵գЦת߽˾ƹ֮УһһЦ𼱣ϰͶãȥһһ
ҶЦеעŰֹ̾ȻʵȺʴԼʵȻѾﵽߵȲǿϲɺأ
תͷϲŭƽҶƣڳŪôʵ֮£ȴҪ˵ǣ
Ҷ˰֮еĲҲЩεĹһЦʵǽҶѣҽң
ᣬԼòײŵľ磬֪һ˶ٿͷҶʵɳԼҪ죬Ȼ˵ǽңɷҲ
ҲĽʲôһŤͷܣüͷǡȻǰڵĲﶼɱ˸߰˰ˣ
ҶƹһЦҲɣԼģɹֲң
ԶԣҶӣֻĵװ̾һ
ȻѾˣ˵ʲôҲѾˡЩûʲôϵܸоЩסеĲﱻɱ֮󣬾ֻƾĽҰĲﲹ䣬һЩ͵ȵĲڵĿȱ
һḶ́꣬ʮ꣬пܡ
˵ʵڵģЩЩײĲɾҲ޹ء
ҿֻһ߾Сǣһĸ߲ˣǲҲѲƤʼ磬žƹȥ
ǹվҶƵܿƺԼʶҲҷһֱһĬ
ȵ߽ƹ֮ǲ̧ͷɻʵˣ˭ӣƺ죿
ҶصЦЦ֮׵Ķӣװ
Ǳʾɻ󣬲ҶѾȳžƹȥҲʿˮæϡ
߽ƹڣζѾΪ촷ʧѲϰͶϰͶ־û˼Σ˾ƹм䡣
ûĵ̨ϿʼƣȻʮֿģַ˲١
ϣһ˿ݡҶķһ㣬ѯʵ֣ڳʲôأ
ҡҡͷ˵ҲĪ֮޴˧һǴ׾ˮˮ֪ΪʲôǰЩӣŭҪѰҸ׵鷳ײڣҾʱվ˳ҿһͼ˵ʲôǵĿһˡѯʹиʵףǶʾûȥ
˵⣬ġ
ҶƸоԼЩӲϵЦҲҲסˡǳ鶯£ͷȥ͵ǰô޴˧ֵģ
ҶЩΣȻǵˮ¶ģ˳Ƶ˴׵ϡ
û뵽޹мƣҲûж룬ֱŭȥѰ׵鷳ˡ


957 һ
ȻЩ鰢֪ȥҶƵȻɵȥϡ޴˧ΪС¸ַҶȻһЩԼ뷨
ҰɣԽԽáԼҪΪеģ֮ԽңԼԽ
Ȼ޴˧ĸ״ǶԼ˵͸ˡԼŸпܻˮ㣬ռıˡ
˵Ҳ֣еľҺһһףʹõһּΪǿ·壬Ҳֻм˲õĳѾһһǣָͲǣǾ˵ȥˣѵȥ֮Ⱥʦ֮⣬λ滹ʦ
ҶɫЩÿ֪ģԼҲϵ軹ֻͣϣǧҪ뵽°ɣԼҲȥ
һԵʱҪĻԡ
ڰֻͷȾƣûжʲôϰͶζĿҶһۣЩڡ
ϰͶеľҺһҲǼæٿʼ˵ơ
ϰͶǳãƵٶҲࡣҲռ˵⣬һƣͨ죬ˬĲС
òϣϰͶƵļǼģҶҲ̾Լĵʦ
ֻϧϰͶôһգҲ޴ʩչɽ磬ƾգԿԻĺܺˡɣ߳塣϶ȶ
ƺϰͶҶΣÿ˵ʱϰͶʱĵȥһƣס졣
˺ȵĻڵأͷҲˣͰ͵˵
ҶƱ۾ϴʵʵ۾ҲܲΧһС˯ˣɡ
Ҷ˯ú̹Ҳþûôɹˡ
գҶƻ־ƹڣֻʣſ˯֪ȥ򣬹Ӧ뿪ˡϰͶʰҲ׼øԼһ뿪ˡ
ҶƿſϴǣҲһᣬ̧ˮСٲһǵϡ
Ǳһ飬һһ޴
磡
ţķŴ˲űƹݣ
ԭ֮Уȴ¶
ŸߴǣҶε̾˿ƹݲô˵ҲϰͶӪǧĵطҪ뿪Ҳ϶ЩġڵãǵֱӳűˣƹֱӻΪ˷棡
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ϰͶҲҵϾϰͶҲӵԲʵ
˼˲һ𣬺Ӱཻ棬֮һõԣ˲䱬ը
Ǳըÿٺˣϴһ˿֮⡣ΪƾԼǿܹ赲סϰͶĵһֻҪԼܹ赲ô׵ĶˡԼԷΪϰͶһϵеѹƣ
˭û뵽ϰͶȻ˾д͸ֻ˲ͽǵ˳ȥ
ҶҲȻȻҲЩ͹ϰͶʵԭΪϰͶոսԲô˵ʵ϶޷ǱȽϵġϾǵǿϰͶܲͻķ¡
ʵȴܺõķҶƵĿϰͶʵΪûԭ򣬿¼ǧĿޣ̤Բˡ
ΪƣֱҶƵ֮󣬲ͻԲǳµĻۣʵԲ֮УҲΡ
෴ǣΪĳ˯ȱʵս飬һʼϰͶռϷ硣
ϰͶԼռϷ磬Ȼǵʲõʹˮ粻ҪǮһӷôҶȥ䡣
ڼǧǰǴҲõġڲλ棬ûĲ䣬ֻԴʯʯĸɾ֮Ǿް취ˡ
ۿϰͶȥָսһţҶεҡҡͷ棬ӯǲٸϰͶһЩɱѾòԼˡ
ǻϰͶϣܹɱһЩֵġµ֮𣬾ͳҶյġϡ


958 Ⱥ
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һϢϰͶķ˳ȥݺݵײڵϣײһ޴Ŀ
¡һԲ׵ĵ涼ڲϰͶǲ֪ƣһ㣬˦˦ϵĳٴγȥ𣬹
Ҳ˸ž⣬ӴڿצһƣǴһ㡣ӳǵΧս·һ㣬ѹѹ˵飬ҲҿڵĲﶼ˸߰˰ˣĻвŵȥȫը
ҶɫЩǣ漴ȫͷ
뵽˰˵ģֻ֮ı߾СǶѣϲǿĲﾭ
λ棬ҲֻλܹԼЩ˼ɵˣģ躦¡
ҶҲɵúܣȻԸܣǾȥˡϼ죬£Ƿֳʤ֮ٸ·Ҳ١
ҶĹȻһ㶼ûǸϰͶ˭Ҳ˭˭Ҳ֣ͣͻųԿ
ڿлҶڵϣŶȣ۾ƺڴ
ʱ䣬úϢϢ

ȵҶٴϰͶѾʰ˶ҲǱĻΪΣվһԣӣƺЩ
ҶһʵΣ˭Ӯˣ
ϰͶǻһۣû˿ڡҶ죬˶ĸ֮ˣӣӦ˭ûʤˡ
˸ƽ֣
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵İҲʵӦôһˣĽҲͦõġ
׼׼ɣҪ·ˣҶƶ˿ڵͬʱڿ㣬ܿоͳһƬƬǳƺһʮء
ҶԼƵĵͼȻȷǱϾŵķλע˳
ڵͼм䣬һɫıǣҶ֪ǻ֮أҲһ˵Ŀĵأ
ֻл֮أ㹻ʵ㹻ǿĲҶҪЩףҪղ֮
ΪڲλǺһΪϾĲﶼ֮ɽ׵ġҪעǣҶҲܱȨ߷ԭݣ
ǷԼǲִȥ֮ĻôԼڲλ棬粽У
ԼͳλĹˡ
ˣ֮ǰܸܲȰĵϣϰͶ۰Ͱ͵ĿҶƣϴһ˿εЦݡ
Ҷε̾˿ͷӦ
Ҳվ˳һ˼ˣҵҲ˲٣
Ҷ͵һǣŵæˡҶҲֻӶѣô˵˵ȥ䡣һڽʱǿĵˣûȫβʲôЧ
˲һƴĹ̡ҶƲòɱһľۼ㣬ŰԼ˵˻ڿпٷţ˵Ҳ죬˵Ҳ
ʵȫʹٶȣֻΪĵߣͽ鷳ſٶȡ
ɹһɽҶֻоǰһƬ
һ޴Ͽȣֿ͡ب½Զ׵ıذ֣֡һ˿ɭصζ
ϿȵϷһ޴ĹһСɽСɢĹâ׹һ㣬ͣڰա
޴⣬˾Ϳ
ڿ֮жȻĶ˵ʱ㲻ⶫʲôǴɢľΪ֮һ
˾ԼϢĽӽԶǧ׵Ĺ
ǹ·ʮĸߴľˡư磬ݡЩ֮бĿֲǴһκˣ
Ҷü֣Ϊǡ
ЩϣȻûκβϢ
˵ʲô˵ЩˣͲǲ
ʲôֿʲô
ҶƻعͷȥϰͶһۣ˶ӶԷпǿҵɻ֮⡣
ʲôҶĵĸϰͶΪ˲ЩˣҶƺС
ϰͶҡҡͷüͷҲ֪ⲻλôãɴδЩˣȻǲѵ˵
ѵ˵ʲôҲ⡣
ѵ˵ЩˣҲ;ˣϰͶҶͬ
˵Щ˶ˡ
֪ⲻλ·ǿʱʱľͻὫһЩλ
ϰͶҲ
ѵ˵Щ˾λϵ飿ոձⲻλ֮ģ
ǹŵҶƷĽԼʶ̽ȥá
գεҡҡͷʾǹԼʶ޷͸
һ˲඼Կ϶ˣһȺˣӦþǴλոⲻλĵù
ҶϸĴЩˣǧףҵĺ룬Լϴִëףܿ
ЩˣٶһСɽôߣҲʮסЩˣȫ£ǿ׳ļ⣬һ鼡涼̺űըԵһܹĺ޴ĸ϶ڵϻе
ǳࡢļϣޱȱ桢µżЩͼӥ˫ͷħޡ޵ȵ󣬷·𶼻һצԽ˵ƣ
Ҷƴ˿̣ûбЩ˵ƺǵסڹ۲죬Щ˾Ҫʲô
͸գȫΧϢȥеϢЩˣרעҪ飬˿ûвʲô
𣡡
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һŭĴ𣬴Щ˿кܵĵһ֩һӳȥ˺ԶԶ
ƽضƺǸǵĺࡣЩǷļ⵶˳գ
ҶĿۣ֮еĺԴԴ޲ܰͷųȥʶǧ֮һ
ǲ֪Щ˵ĿľǸʲôճ˵İλ֮ϣǿ϶ᾪʧ롭Ҷ˼ķ
ԣֻ֮к󣬾ͻԼΪҪĶתơ⼸ֵ뷨Ҳ£ЩҲôģϰͶҲܴ˳ҶƵĻ˵ܿץסص㡣
Щ˵Ŀʲô˵һǳҪҶ˸ȵĹâ
ţ˵ĲʲôǶӦĿǰߣңоԵĻᣡϰͶУ¶ɭɭ⣬ǧݷʵûнĥԲ


959 ȸں
ûнĥԲ󣬷ԭɷѹȥÿѹһʱ֮󣬶ǿҵķϰͶһûأЩȻͳ˺ܺõİӣ
ΪʲôҾãЩģõǽתư㿴ǵӣѾ¶ƣ̬ȻѾƣˡǵĶô˷
ʱǲһ졣仰һˣҶƸϰͶȻ
ǵӣƺȷǺܷӣ˵ûҶϸĴһᣬóۡ
ãǾֱӽΣϰͶ촽
ãǿЩ˵ʵѾΪĽŶۿۡҲѾΪϡƣˡǾȴһʱ䣬ȵǼõ򣬾ɣҲΪ͵ʱֱӳ֣һɱҶ߬ȭͷ׹˸
ϰͶ˵ͷĿ⳯յ˶ȥ
ܹЩˣһõĶʲôϰͶȻɻ󣬵ȷаĶԲ򵥡
ˣĳЩ˵ʵ𣿡ЩɻôǵʵоǲǺܿ£δ֪ȴµģ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷû뵽Ҳ֪˼ˡο
ϰͶٺһЦЩмʲôʵǵֶΣѵ£ȵǾƣʱֱһɱ׼ݣκηӦʱ䣬Ϳˣ
ţͰô˵İ죡ҶƵͷȻ
֮£ЩƺڴСʲôϵԽԵøӵɲ
ҿһ㣡ѾķµʱˣŬһ£±飬ܵˣ
±ǻȥΨһ취λȫ֮Ż£Ǹٴοڵ
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˵ʮָߴŭԶԶ˵ĶС
±飿ʲôܹ뿪뿪λ棿ҶɻĿ֮дȣϰͶȥϰͶʶ㣬֪ܿ±ĵϸ
ϰͶü˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷҲƺû˵ⶫ
ϧǵõҲôҶЩε̾˿
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Ҷ˸ڴ֮ɫҵصĻǻã缦һ㡣
һ˲ǵӰһĻ棬ǰ֮ϸֳ
УϰͶ۾һϽͣס˷ġҶҲæȥ
±飬˵¾ϲܹ֮׾ٵŤռ䣬ӵ½
һɨ챦¼Ϲ±μҶƵ
Ťռ䣿ҶֻԼ©һġ
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ҪܹõĻ˵ֱܹӻصɽ֮УϰͶ̾ϣҶƵ
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ҲԲʣµľˣҲɳʵֻһŵĹƣʵҲ޷ǵʵֻǸҵľ飬ĴµĹ㣡ܸңһο
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ͬʱĸֳһŰĺڹ⣬Ϣѽ´ضԨ
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ˮֶǸߣ޴˧֮ĹϵͲôôһϰͶֻЦЦ
˵ЦΪȫڸסӰԶЩ˸֪ѾˡΪ֪
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ŹΣ罾գɣӹвڶĿռ䣬յ
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ͬʱһϸܵѷ죬ڹ棬ӣѸٲ
ãҪˣٸһ±͵ˣͷһˣ¶ŨŨ˷ɫָȻǰһ
ͻ棬ģͨڵһ㣬飬ÿһ£գʯȫըɽķ
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ŹѣڳЩҲ糱ˮȥһ㣬ɢǾ޴ǿ׳壬Ҳս֮£Ѹήȥ
գ۹ЩڵȻ֮ǰʮ֮һˡ
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Ҫⱦ飿ҵͬôҷ£ͻȻʱһŭƽؾװȻը졣
ɨţͷľˣͿǰһ˫۾䣬ɱͷ·εĴ֣͵ס˲ӣҪԨ
𣡡
ϢһĳХܿݺײڳ㵵ľˣһ𣬸ոҪж壬һͣ
Ҷһ̣±ץУϸ˿ռָڡ


960 Ͼɱ
һĶˮһ㣬ޱᡣͬ˽ϰ˲֪ٴһûи˷Ӧʱ䣬±ѾӽԼĿռָڣ
һɲǣо˴ʧɫɫ˲併㣬Ӳ֧֧˵
ʲôˣôĵӣ
ͷľȷӦһ˫ŭĿҶƵ壬־ŭ
ǣǧŵõ±飬Ȼ׾ٵĶˣôµŬǼΪӰ
ŭǣȻԱ߿ôãһֱûз˵ʵأ
ǲͷľ˷ŭĺȻһ࣬Ⱥ΢ϣȻǵĶҲҶ
ҶƵͱԼСô࣬Ǿͷ죬ȫؽŤը죬˲䣬ƣһȭҶơ
ȭʵ̫죬Уֱӻһ⣬׾ٵ˺ѳգǾһ㣬ռڻ۳
һȭӳռ¸¾죡Ӵƺһ𣬳Ҷƺݺݵѹȥ
ҶԭȰ±õ֣ٳɱЩˡû뵽ǿ֮ĩľˣʱ򣬾Ȼܷôǿ
ΪǿһʱԼȻ˱֮У
ˣʮˣ˿ҲϢ˺лعһŭҶƣҧгݡǸӣ·Ҫ˺Ƭɷĩ
Ȼ࣡
ɵ࣡Ҫˣ
΢棬ǰҰҪһڰ£ݺݾ׽
Щ˴СţҶưΧ
Ҷüͷ˫͵ؽ浲ǰһ룬Լͱҵķ˳ȥڿлһõ⣬ݺˤڵ֮ϣ
¡
ӲĵҲҶҳһ󶴣ҶƴӶɫȴôÿ
Ҳ֪Щ˾ʲôͷľˣȻ˲䱬ǿߣ±飬ҪˡҪǸңǵҲһˣҶ˿ûо£Цһٴηϸ߿ա
ͬʱԶʹ˸ɫ˼ǣһаԭƻж
ȻԤ֮еһͷľ˵ʵԲҡֻ֮ǰĹƻЩʧ˵ʵȷе˵Բ۷塣°ĸɾ֮ҲԲʵ
ľˣҲɳʵ
ҿˣĻܶһܵõ
ǾۿһЧҲҧҧ͵سһѾ޴˸ɭϢǴɵһ
Ǿ˽׳İѱһڰպݺһ˦ľ죬ɲ֮䣬ͽΧȫ÷飡
һ춯أҶƵɴ˫ۣš
˵һԲʵ
ʱ˿̼ϲòˣҶ͵ؽսȭ״ϣ͵ػȭӭȥ
¡
ҶƵȭͷݺݵײһһɲպһϾ죬ȻֱӱҶƵȭͷҷɡ
ҶҲΪַܵоؿʮֵƣһ⡣
ôҶЩ̧ͷűЩٴͦӦǾˣٴһȭһۿɼȥռ𵴵ȶ
ǾҲʮ𾪣ҶƵ۾Ҳ˺ܶӣ˼ء
ն
ǾһХͻȻа⣬ڿȣͨ쳹ءٵأݺݺХ
飡
ܿռдƬ÷顣ռ䣬ͬһ֩һѷĿķâƽһ㡣
ÿһ죬һشݺôڳÿ˵֮ϡ
˺ǿʵҶйâսȭ׼һǿҹƣǾ˴ˡ
ʱϰͶҲսƾ˵ǿʵЩɳľ˸ͲǶ֡һ棬ͱɾնɱˣ
ǾһӻˣæԷʵǿСģǧҪԷӲӲҽСӣ͹ȥǣ
Щ˺ܾ𾪵عԼλͬô׾ٵıԷɱɫҲΪŭǵͨ졣ǴŭţУȭͷɽһ㣬ϰͶǺݺݺ˹ȥ
±齻Ǳ뿪
ߣǵѾĵòˣʱȻѰҾͲǿˡҶâ¶ȻҪʹȫˡ
ò˵ʵеģҶƸűϵĲࡣһжܹƾųߵսֶȥֲģҶƵսԲϰͶ֮£
Ԫأ
ֻҶһͺ𣬿лƹһ۳ɾ޴ɽһԪؾôҶƵǰ
飡
ɱоţ뺣һȫɽ֮ϣ񷶼ҡΣѡ
޴죬ѵôƬѡȴȻûܹƿɽķ
Ǿ쿴ĹԷȫ£Ҳһ˿֮ɫû뵽ҶϣȻôѲ
ߣߣΣɣ飬ҳ
ǾЦһֱһһһɫӰֳӰҪϼ֣ȫõĳѪ죬¸ʬҰŨŨѪУһԾ
ɲ֮䣬ܵĿζͬѪ󣬼
ɣڵѪǾҲ֪˵Ѳ˿Ҳһݡ
˵Ҿ棡
ҶһЦҲû֣Լ˶Է±飬˱ȻԼ׷⣬սᡣ
˶űɱ˼
ǸͷľˣϼⶼŤĿҶ쿪ָһ£죬ҪҶѹ
ƣȻôţǾɭȻɫһĳ֮ҲͣЪֳһӣ϶£ݺһն
Ѫɾսգ·Ҫƿ
ƺƵϢջ۳ɹӣɱҶ
ৣ
νһǿɱУûиҶκλᣡ
ҶɫĽȭĴڼһɫʯһ
ʯ忴ƴֲڣʵޱȡ
ؽ޷棬ɲ
û˿ôֵģֻ˲һâռͷ·ֹסһ
ǾͻȻһ֮ɫڲĲšԼƣֳľ޴ơ
Ǻ֮նе


961 Ѫ
쾪ˣô벻ףʵΪʲôƱһնԴ벻
Գַˣͬ׵ĲҲһԼĶ֣˭ϣԼΪķȻôһ
һֻƱи룬ҵʹ༸˲ϯԺɫ䣬岻ͣĲš
ͬʱҧأٴ̧ͷ˫֮˸ž⣬ȻһֻƱҶƵնпһֻƿƿġƾķžԵģһ½Էֱ
ķâ˸˵УͻȻƣҪ˵ȫ֮һ㣡
ĹâͻȻ˸񡢴ݿ࣬ǰ
ž
ռмпиһŰֽɣ
Ҷվڿռ֮ڣۿҪնɱƺûһ˿ʧı飬ƽĺºˮˮ档
еվڸ߿֮ϣĹЦ޴󣬷·ܹ˺˵ĶĤֱëȻצӳȻһ죬˲
ݹᾡƤͷֱۣӲ쳣Я޾ϢǶ˶ֱۣҶƵͷ­ҵץȥ
֮䣬Ī翪ٵصľ޸һռֱӶ
Ҷƣ׵壡
ǸϰͶԶһĻ𾪲ѣæ
Ҷôƽ·ץץĲԼԼΧĿռѾȫȻ飬ûʲôǱɵһ
ǾƺѾǰСӷǵˣҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ߣϣȻնһֻƣҪ㸶ĴۣǾа
ҶڶˣĽʯһĵǰӴ飬Ҳľһ£ƿ֮𣬾ܹʵŭȼգ
ǾдǿҵţΣܹԼԿԷķһ㡣
ৣ
âһӴ󣬼ֱӽҶƵѹ档
һɲǣ
⡢Ѫˮ⣬ԾķʽӾ˱
УǲšǿͷȥԼնν飬Ѿ׷顣ԼؿڣһӴѪǾжǾ֮ɫ
ôܡһѡҡôܣôǾ̲סһѪѪ֮мһЩ˵١ѪޱȣŻ
µ㻹ҸʲôȥɣҶûһ˿նУһԼֱۣ
ն֮˲ûڵγɾ޴ڿоͬӴһݺΧһ
еĿ־ɫո֣ӣͱѪ죬ѪɽӴȻ˲Ϣ֮ͱʳĩ
Ѫˮ⡢ͬձ꣬žž£
һѪҶϣҶɫ䣬׼ָĨȥǾָӴ˲䣬һǿҶƵԺ֮У
ʲô
Ҷ΢һӴʱʹӾ˵ѪУܵŭͬ緢Ļɽɫ䣬ѪĳԼӿȥҶһɲЩʧ룬ǺܿΪѪҺԱκ˺ԼЩЧ
Ҷƽ͵ĺһǵѪͬʱԸͬˣȻԼһ㣡
Ȼֻһ㣬ѾҶЩϲˣ
ʲôֻһѪԼһЩôҪȫѪռĻǻΣ
뵽ҶҲīһץѪȫֹͣ䡣˷䶯ռָڡ
Ҷ֮еϢԴһ˿ܵñζ
ǸϰͶһҶƹȻǿĺֵģ
ʣЩˣ˿Ҷƣɪɪľ
졭ɱˣ
ֻһУͱһɱˣ
ɱΪ챨𣡡
Щ˵ĺУҶƶУҶЦǵʵȸոˣ˲֪١ǵһųŷɥǰڣֵûУ
䣬ҶƵնٴһ
ˣ
⽣Ӱڰճ֡УƺƵȺħݷգѪ⡣ϵµĿȫᣬͬˮһ㣬ѹʣµЩһ¶ޱȡ
΢࣬㾹ƾ˵ϣԻΪΪʮٱĴ۵ġһЩ˲ŭš
ɣ
ҶһŰ裬Уնֱͬޣس¡
Χռ䣬СԾ쳹޴죬һ츲ص
ͣ
Щˣһ챥ķѣǧְ壬һӾͳѹ࣬ŨѪڣըƼƤӿ
ЩѪҽ˻͡ҶȻһҲ˷ѣָѪȫ۳һ䶯Ĵ˿ռָڡ
ԶԶҶƵֶΣϰͶǶĴӵ۾
ôһҲ
ˣ̫˽ˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҲû뵽ôɰɣҪԭ򣬻Щ˵ĵ߰˰ˣ;ƿˡȻĻҲôնɱǡ
ǸϰͶҲͷƽʱ֮еκһһǾĶ֣ǾȴҶɳʵʰˡ
֮ôɡҶսȷǿ֮⣬Ǿ˾ƣҲռ˺ܴһԭģ
Ҫ֪ǸոǸͷľˣپԲ۷ʵƽ£ҾǴѶѣնɱˡҶҡҡͷһҵΣǼһˡ
տȻԾԾԵ֪ΪΣղᵽЩѪʱɧƺǶЩǳĿ⾿ô£
Ҷ͵ش˸ָЦܵģҲܵˡ˵ѪȷЩ죬ƺ̺ǿֱΣһö֪ѾЩȲҪԴһЩ˵Ѫˡ
ҸطϢһ£оһ˵ѪԼ±ľôϰͶԼʶɨһܡ
ΪΧĲﶼЩɾ˵ԭڣȻûκĴڣ
ã˵ģҶƿڵ
ûκĴڣҸط㹻ˡţƺɡϰͶʶһط͵طա


962 ֽѪҺ
ҶƸоԼ黹±ľûһҪúоһ¡о˵ѪҺƺҲʮأ֪ʲôá
һ·ۣͬʱСĵԼϢ˿׷ǵ١
˵ڿԲûκβڵģǲô˵Ҫʱʱ̵̿Сע⣬ܴĴ⣡
ʱңµĵεò֪˶ٴΡ˿ԵģһƬڵ
һϡˮݲʱ۵һըѿͬʱܳһĵĻ档ʮֵ֣̲סëȻ
˻һۣͬʱĵ˵ͷ
Ҷƶ˸ƣɣӦþͲô׾ͱҵǾһ£оһ֮ǰ˵ѪҺǷԾİҪǳɹĻ˵мĺô
ǵͷͬҶƵ
ˣѾܸоˣ˵ѪƺЧÿᵽζȫϸƺҪָоֻڵѪʱܹ˫ͨ죬̺޾Ļ
֮ǰᵽǸζҪʧȥǡ
ԼҲ֪ΪʲôָоԽԽǿˣ
о±ͬʱоһǾ˵Ѫ˵벻ջ
Ͼĥ󿳲񹤵ĵҲ˽ġֻЩɻ֮Уѵֱо
ϰͶɫ䣬ȻѾҶҪôԲûʲôԾģЩСֵǡ
ǱЩڣͷεЦˡ
ҶҲԣж˻ش
Ҷһץ͵һӴΧγһյĴƺźܺһǣ᲻ɴݣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǵΣ
ǵȻҲɵ³ҶƵĴ㡣۾ԭ˰
Ҷǹ֮Уڲϵ֮УܿƽסǸϰͶҲ̧ȿС
˭ûҵ
ཹལ
ݽͬʱҲڲͣĲţ𣬶˱ǡ
ûĹ֮УŲκζġҲǸеϢ̲סĿࡣ
ȫ֮ҶͣĴӿռָ֮ȡ±Щ˵Ѫʼео
±飬Ҷתͷȥ˵±Ҳһֻڲ֪ƷסҪҵѪһǵ
ϰͶ̯̯֣ʲôʹõֳңҿûʲô
ҲҡͷˣȻҲûģ
˼Ȼô˵ˣҶȻҲʮֿĵ±顣
ԼѪ棬±鱻Ҷ߬УĸоҶƵĸй١ָоҶЩĿ֪±ǲмصܹŤռ䣬Чãһһ̽
Ѫ֮ҶĽʶ̽У׼±Чá
ΰŪ±鶼ʯͷһһҶޱȵơ
ô£ҶЩ㲻ףѵе֮󣬾ͻֳЧ
ǸϰͶһԽĿţ˵ʵҲеҪ뿪λ棬ֻһֱûлҲûа취Щ˵±ƺܹĻᣬȻǲܴ
ô˵ֻҪлصɽĻᣬ۸ʲôĴֵۣõġ
ʱһһĹȥҶƶͷĺˮҲסĵ£ڣε̧ͷ
þа취ûҵʹõİ취Ҷƻ֮дһ˿Σʱ˿̵飬Ƶ˼㡣
ˣ𼱣Ҳ֪ôοҶơ
ϰͶüͷûѵ֮±ûʲô仯
ʲô仯ûУ͸֮ǰһģһڣȻоԼѾͨĸоҲˣһǲ±龿ʲôЧҸԲҶ̾˿Ҫĸо
ϰͶ˼һᣬҲʵ벻ʲô취ֻ̯̯֣ʾԼҲΪ
ҪоһЩ˵ѪЩȲĴ˴֣עҶƵ
Ҷ˼ĵҲãȰ±һţȵʱˣоҲ٣
˵ţҶƽ±˿ռָ֮Сָһ죬ЩѪҺ۶ɵľ޴Ѫ飬䵽ܡ
ЩѪ鲻ϵ䶯ڵôϷ۵죬ڡɲǹ򣬾ͽʯյڻ
ٴᵽѪҺζڵĻҶҲסԭʼЩѪҺȫռһ
ϰͶʱվ˳ŵ룬ĿԽˡ
ţҶƿϰͶվﻹЩģϰͶҪʲô
ϰͶӿռָ֮ȡһâ˲һҶƿһߴʮ׵ľ޴¯εضɢŨŨ
ʲô¯ҶЩȵʵ
ϰͶԺ˵¯Ϲʥͣ¯
Ҷƺ뵽ʲôҲӿռָ֮óһ¯ǰ
ںڷĶ¯ĽأһޱȺصĸоɢ
żȻã㿴¯ʲôֵûУҶƿڵ
ⶦ¯ǵ޼ɸõģ֮ף¯ġ
ϰͶ֣µĴһֲĵҡҡͷҡ
Ҷɻʵ뻵
֪ϰͶЩΣȷ󶦵ĺû
ʵҲûʲôֻ˳ó㿴һ¶ѡʲôҲûϵҪɣҶƽ¯˺
õҶƵ֮ϰͶҲġҶƵע£һץŴŵľѪͰ뿪¯зԾȥ
䣡
¯Ȼ֮¯˰ɫ˷·𽫿ռ䶼Ҫյݡ
˵Ѫ¯Уϱ
ͨѪҺֱֻѪҺϡٵһ㡣
ϰͶƺҲһЩ֣æֲ˵Ѫ˱壬ԭһ˿Զ̩̹˵Ѫ
Զ̩̹˵Ѫ
Ҷ˼ƮɣԶ̩̹ʲôȻģֻû뵽Щ˻д̩̹Ѫ
ֲѪ̺֮ĪֲЩ˾޴ԭ˴У
ҡһԤУôѪ϶һʱҲǰЩ


963 ̩̹֮Ѫ
ϻΪԼ֮ǿҸ㣬գҲܹǿġҶһ仰ֱӴǵĻ롣⻰˼װ׵ĸѪҺ̣ŶûУ
Ҫ֪ʮ˵ѪҪ˵ѪҺ̺ŵǲġ
ҶƶԽȫգ߼ٷֵûġ
üٷֵˣҶƱԲˣ֮ȫʩչ۷Ҳһս֮״̬֮ٷֵ㣬ǸǶôֲһ飡
ϰͶһϷҲֱ̫࣬ӰеľѪȫץ綦ڵȥ
ЩѪ¾ֻһΣ䵽Ļûһ۹֪̺ŵϢôǿ
ڣȫϰͶ綦
ŨϢĴƮ滹ŴıŭϢ˵Ķԣ֮ȥ
ҶɫʮּȵЩѪȫɾ֮ǸʱĵʱЩȥǾ޴ġ
ϾԶ̩̹˵Ѫֻһ˿ĺôҲǲɹģ
ҶȻôѪԼһ˶̣ҪԼϰͶƽ֡
ҶҲûʲôԹԣǴһĶԼ±Ѿռ˴ˡ
ʱһһȥ綦ڲϴ͵
֮󣬴ŴźɫŲʡŭζ¯¯Ǵ򿪣һ˿˸ĺǳӶ¯֮ſҪϹ˵۾
˶ʱоЩæյ綦ϸȥĴѪ˿̶ѾǿտҲֻʣöͮͮľ徲¯ס
ֻ壬ʵ̫СˣСࡣ
ˣĹâսѪƴΰȣһеϣ
Ϲ̩̹˵Ѫ
ȻĴСܣѪѾޱϡԭѪȣǰˮŨ𣬸ֵһᡣ
ǶԼ˶ԣǼΪǿĴڣκ˶ûӡ
С̩̹֮ѪЧ²һֹϰͶһܣ;ĳȣѪڡ
Զ̩̹ѪԶԶȲϷܵ׶ΣľҶƼûпǣָһһ̩̹֮ѪϰͶüģѸϰͶڣӿȵһֺգԾϵƽߣǿ޵е
ûȱ˷ӦҶָһһεǵüͷ֮ϡ
ҲǺĽɡ
ⶫȻǺãȻǾ˵ү˷ģҶƹһЦҸоһҪһɲǿ󣬸Ҫ񱩵Ϊ̥ǣһٳɹ̩̹֮ѪϹ̩̹ŭÿЩھͽһʵ
ãҶƵĻϰͶҲٿмҾͲˡҵȷһֻΪǧʱգ˶ѡҲΪŵԾܹ̩̹֮Ѫȫںҵʵ綼һγ׵ķԾ
õҶƵİϰͶʱԵʮ㣬һХڹ⣬ը죬飬Ƥȫ˺ѿһѪûǱ̺Ĺâ
ЩâХƣһӾγһ򣬽ϰͶС
ϼ⣬Ѥ롣
һ磬ƽض𣬻ײγɸǿҵķ籩
籩УȻһͷͷޡ󣬲ϸֳȻٱɡ
ѾԲʵôһΣ۷壬ҲΪԺ·ҶƿһĻҲΪϰͶеˡ
ǣҲʼĿǵ̩̹֮ѪӣԵĸǿЩԲ
վǿģ㲻ܹ˲գһһգҲ㹻ˡ
ֻҪʱ䣬ҲԳ׵İЩѪҺճΪԼ
Ҷƿʣһ̩̹֮ѪҲûκγɣ͵һץȥ
ѪҺе˲䣬ҶƸо޵ķȣƺܵĲУǧ˺ҧģ
ҶôҲû뵽ָоǿң߬˫ȭ˵ʵСʹ࣬Ҷȫǳŵùȥġ
ֻû뵽ЩѪٶҶڷ˱죬ֶøġҶƾ͸оԼһ¯ܵȼţյԼͨ죬
ֻЩҪҶƳǻԶĺܡʼʱ򣬾һһģһһڳԵĿࡣ
ȥˣҶƲ֪Ʒ˶ʹһЩ΢ʹУˡ
ԴֻҪƽľȥȴʱһȻ´󼪣
뵽ҶҲԲȥκ飬۵ȴѪҺЧʱȥ
ܿ죬ֹĸоСҶƹȻԼ˲٣͵˫ۣһ˫֮
ҵвٵĳ
Ҷ̾һйâԽԽʢתͷȥ˿ԼϰͶ˶ڿĸѪҺЧƺһʱ겻¡
ڵȴʱҶҲûкģ±ץУϸϸ

ʱҶϰͶǶ±飬Ѿȥʮʱ
Ҳ֮ϣҵǽѵĵ泹һɲҵľ˶ֱӡ
ͻȻʱȻŤƾճһСţһһӴʱѷ졣
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965 
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ڣҲûйŭһȫСƺҪ޵ıһ㡣
ҶƸϰͶԶվһԣϲ֮ɫǡ˶ڵȴȴǵıѾ̫̫ãȵ׽̩̹֮Ѫں֮Ҳʱ
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ӰʮֵӴ䣬һۡƯ֮ϣռ䡣
ΪԭҶҲоԼȫȻǷɿģֻǽ֮󣬶Ĵ˴ȵһʱҲǺܵĸɾ
ӰҶƷԼһ̣·޾֮񷣡
꿴ҶӰһʱ˫е߲·Ȼû˼ֻǵıӴѹѹȵĲܶѡ
֮ɫĹâٴ˸ƺֳעҶƣһ˿֮ɫӿ˫һǱεͼ
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ʥʦٺЦЦ͵һתռͻȻðһӰͳʧˡϰͶһ㶣ûü˼ȥʱһϢ
͵תȥȴȻһűɫͷ״ԼҲ֪ɫ˵ʲôҲǾ˲ƿ塣
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ҶԺʱҶƿϣɫͬһ㣬ĵѹ˳ҶƵ壬ҶϵĹҲ˲١
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Ҷ֮УƮ˻硣ϣһ˿ŵЦݡ


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ҶȫһǵصȫնڶγɵĺӰϣȴǺñţ뺣ûһ˿š
Ҷһ㶣֪Ƿæ˻ȥ
ǹЩİϢӺɫӶϵս˶ֹͣǸǺھ˽ԶɲϢԴͷʥʦƺûж֪ϢˣǺ
һ˵ӣһߣһۣȻֻ壬ȴͬ˲Сĳ
ʲôҶƽӲ촽˶ѵ˵⼸֡
ʥʦɫ԰׵Ӱӣɱ
ãҵİɣ
һ£Ӱ˲ʧԭأֻһӰȻǱ˫ֵӡ
ҶƶʱܶǿѹѹԼ޴Σֻʹĵں̫ףӭȥ
ף̫ף
ӰССľһδ䡣ʮֵã˸ԴδƾٵĴԽ˿ռҶϮ
Ҷƿ̫ףӰӵ塣
Σҿɲһ壡ӰӺһһǳҶƻ
̫ҶüĴӰȻûзɳҶƻ
̫׼ûκη֮ͱһ飬ǿ̫װû뵽Ӱ£Ȼûκεֿ
ӰͻȻüͷ鲢ûеôļ򵥡
ģӰҲɵýгĿɲ
ӰӲɫĨȥϵһ˿棬ոյĻںģȷ˵Լ
û뵽ľȻһСϳ֣ô͸㲻ˣӰӼʵĿҶƣգ
ҪˣܶܶࡣǣǶһͬص㣬ǶˣңšҶ΢ЦȻӰӿʵǿҲûʲô
Σ֪Լж֣Ҳ£
ȻӰӲмҡҡͷֻϧˣ


972 ʱ
ܻܲĹ죬˵ģȰ㻹ó汾ҪС㣡ҶƳ侲עӰӣӰϲһȫҪԽʥʦϢ
ĳӰӵʵҪʥʦ֮ϵġֻҶЩٻһӰӣҪʲô
ԼڵѾĵ߰˰ˣòóƷʯ䡣ƷʯѸٵɣ䵽
Ҷ۾ƺʱ䡣һȫȷӰӵսΡϿôǿôԼ϶Ƕ֣Ϊⲻλ棬Լûа취ΧҲûвڣԼҲ֮𲹳䡣
֪Ӱǲгʱ䡣϶ǲһֱڵģʥʦһ֧šȻôԼʱϵԽãҲԽռˡ
Ҷû뵽Էֻһ˵ȵĲͽԼߵŪûͷǱ֪ǾŵȲＶĹ٣ǵʲôĺ䶯
һ˵Ȳ֮ԴԴϵĵƣޱȵͷۡ
ϰͶѾʧȥսĹȻѾǻ˹ȥ
ڸǺɫ׾սţӣҲǰһʱ᲻ֳܷʤ
¾ֻԼʵˣʥʦԼδ֪Ӱӡ
˵ԼѹȫڴţҶȭͷ߬ĶǺˮ
ױȵļ֣ԼʹȫĵĻһп
ҶƵȻⲻλ棬صɽ磬ص硣Ըûɣ
ȻĻǾƴһɣ
ӰƺҶƵͼٺЦ֪㲻ҪʱʵʵҲ޷Ҵڵʱǰʱʱ֮ҾͻữΪɢǾʱֵܼĹȥ𣿡
ʵȻûеŵȲڰ˵ȲڣҲһˡҿҲֻ֮ǰһսֵܲܵסҵĽһδ֪
Ӱӵ˵ʵɣҸоӾܽ㣡
Ҷ߬ȭͷ˵ûԼƣͽӣҲֻܷӳһս
ԷȻѾԼ͸ˣǾ˵϶ǿţ򲻻ôˬİЩԼ
ʱԼֵܹȥҶƲΨһܹǣԼҪʹȫĵֻϾʱ䣡
ǣԼѾȫָˡǸ˶㶨ˣһʱ䣬ҶƶͷҲ˴亹
ʱһһĹȥˣӰǣζĶҶƣƺʮĸо¶飬ȻԼ£
ôҸ׼ʱѾ˰ɣӰӺٺһЦȻҪ׼ˡ
Ҷ˫֮˲ӴĽ⣬һ޺𳹾ʲôʣˣֻӰǸŵӡ
ȻԷ˵Ҫ֣ôԼΪβȳ֣ʵãҲ˶֣

Ҷ޴ĽֱӰϣֻǽֱӴ͸˹ȥ
ԭֻһӰѣ
Ҷɫ䱸۹棬˷
ͻȻоԼһ̵Ŀռ붼û룬͵ػһӴĽɫâ˲ռ飡
ͣ
ռѿѵ֩ҶƲûиоӰӵĴڣɵɫһݡ
磡
һ죬ҶֻоԼؿڱʯһַһʱѡ
ڵ͵سԶȥˤڵϣ¡ֱӽҳһ޴Ŀӣ
ֳǿµģҶƾ͸оؿƺһɽѹȥһ̲סһѪ˳֮ľȫ֫С
ӰӲûͣ£ҶƵĹ޼ϵġ
һĨڹͻȻգݺݵ˵ϵǸ
Ҷػɫ˲ֽһ԰ף촽ڲסĲš
ţӰ͵سҶǰɭҶƵʮף
ҶƼܹĸоָоĺܡϢϣĺëҪ
ҹҶþԼȫ͵һȭȥ
飡
ӰϣǾţ뺣һϢӰƺֱӺҶȭͷݺݵ棬ҲֻЩöѣһ˿ûе
ҶƵһ˫۵ɵþ޴󣬿в⡭ôܣ㣬ΪʲôԺҵ
ôܣôܣʲôܣұ壡ӰӹЦţ˫ȭһҶƵؿڡ
飡
һĻҶϣҶҧأ˫ȭ߬ġʹȻѾܳܵķ룬Ҷҧסأûţûг
ӰӿҶģҲǹЦ㲻ǺڻڹӲд
䣡
ӰÿһȭҶϣನܹΧĵ𵴵Ĳѣ
ԭѾܴ˵Ĵӣ˿ڳ͵š
ʥʦɫȻ԰ײѣ۶˷֮⡣
˵±ңҿԿȫʬʥʦҧ±϶ҶƵϡ
ҶƵɴ˫ۣԭԷĿ±飡ֲʥʦԶԶ뿪ʯ֮ǰ֮ԭĿġĿѾԼڵ±飡
뵽ҶҲ̲סһ˿Ц⡣ԷɱԼҲעҲ±ټˡ
˵˵㵽˵˵ʥʦɫ𽥵ԶԶĿҶƱӰȻҲʮֵĽġ
ʵڲףϾܡǼǿ󵽼µģӳһǲλѵһ
ӵ̫̫ףּĻ棬ôܳأǲȷʵжɻעҲֻĵˡ
ΪҶζ˵ģ
һĻ򣬽Ҷƴ±ˣԾûĿⶢǰӰӡ
ھɱңһɱ㣡ҶƳв
Ӱӷ·ʲôЦЦһ㡣
ɱңƾʲôɱңڵҵȻɱңӰӹЦš
Ҷҧأ˫ȭ߬Ȼ˿ڵ֮һҪĻеһƴģ
˫Įļûаָ飬˫˲֮еĺڶף˲С
֮УŽ֮ɫͬ˿ϣһ۶˷ѵĲм
ãѵзӰЩţ˵ʲô̶ȣ̶ֳܵȵ˺Ȼз


973 Ӯ
䣡
ҶƼһһٵĺͬʱͻȻһӲۣ˫Ҳצ˫Ҳ˲÷ı͵شܳһִĺɫβ
ҶƼ˲ͱһͷεԶ˫֮зӴĺڹ⣬аŲмԼ֮ɫ
Ҷ˵ʣ˲䷢˷츲صת䡣ʵܾҶԼʵ֮Ҳܱøǿ
µĺɫ˸ŵĺɫӰЩɣҶƵؿںݺݵһȭȥ
飡
Ҷƻһǲû¶ʲôʹ֮ɫӰӱɷһȣ㱻ɳȥ
Ҷƻ´ڵƶĻָţò˵ĻָǿġҶȫ˿ڶţԭѪ˿ڴ˿Ҳָ
Ҷֻоһɲȫ͵ؿסӰӵĲӡצǼģӰһѲ
ߣΪ˵Ҹ㣬ΣӰЦѣֱӷ˫ͻȻûӴĺźһҲ˲һѷĳ
ⳤӰӷУһ˿âźݺݵĽеĳҶƵؿڲȥ
Ҷ߬ĽأӰӵĲסۿһĻҲûκηӦ
ƾԼ͵ķܹ赲һ
͵߬ƣӴҲõΧռЩȣ졣
ͣ
ɫֱӲҶϣҶƲûʲôӦΪǺɫҲֻǲҶﲻһľ롣
ҶЦѣϰ˲䷢ֱ
꣡
õĺɫܵҶ㼷ѹҲ˲ѳһ顣
Ҷ͵ؽӰ˦˳ȥݺݵ˿⡣
ţҶһԾ¡һ˫˵֮ϣ̤ľܼ֩
ʥʦ˫֮˸Ũľŭ֮⣬ƺ벻ΪʲôҶܹ׾ٵӰӵôһ֮ϣҶԼռ
Ϊ֧Ӱӵʥʦɫ԰ֽ˵֣ƶǳѡ
ʱҲָֻӰɱˡ
ҶôһģҲ֪ô¡Ȼһɲȫ˾޴ת䣬ԭƽͱÿʼѹ˶ָоʮֵ֡
ɣ
ʲôʲôȻˣܹʥʦоЩΪҶᵽǴûиܹġ
ҶķѾ֮ǰǿ̫࣬¾ֱԽսκεӰ졣
ڣҶƷʱˣ
Ҷʩչ֮ȫɢǹϢ˷ޱȡ
ϢƺǴ˼ѪһĿʼԷ
ǿƶҲһ̶ȵģ
ҶƼӰκεĻᣬ͵ȥҶƣһͷŭҰޣӵޱǿ׳Լױȵٶȣ
˫ÿһβȹ棬䲻ϵţһѿƬĲһ
һɳƣ˲â
ӰӺòײŴӵȴûϵϵľȻ˹ҶơһʱҲǼܣһԡ
Ҷһ˸գӦٶȷǳ죬һڿеʱ򣬾Ѿǿͣ£͵ת׼ٴεĿꡣ
Ǿôһ˲䣬ӰӷӦ˹͵ػûһѷذףݺݵĲҶƵߴ
ذֻȥһһ㣬ӰӲû٣סذףݺݵĳ·ȥ
ͣ
ذֱӻҶƵƤҶƬʵ̫ͣذҲֻǻһ׳Сӡ
ҶĻָǳǿģûмӾͻָ
˷ٵײһûмӾٴηֿ
ֿʱ˶ģϻơ
ƺƸˣһֱѹǾ˴֮֮ǰȻǿ˲٣ҲֲΪʲôܴӾռϷ硣
ǾԽսԽܣ޴ʩչΪǵ˷ģвҪһϢжˡ
ôܣ֮ǰȫĸɾôսʥʦ˫֮жǾŭȫûΪʲôĶЩͬ
ҶЦҵȷʣ޼۾ս֮Уûȫƾս㶮𣿡
ʥʦ˫ȭ߬Ӱӣɱ
Ӱ΢Ϣһᣬٴγ
ڵʱҲֻаʱʱͻʧĹȵʥʦҲֻ־ܡ
ʱʱѾȥ˽һ룬ټôȥʥʦĽֿ϶ʧܣ
ҶԽսԽ£ȫûԼھ֮ʵȻô࣡žһɳɣ
ӰԽսԽԽҪЩսԽѡΪҶսɣٶȷ棬Ѿˡ
ҶƶӰӵһצ͵زӰӵؿڡ
ûио谭־ô׾ٵĲ˽ȥ
ӰӹЦܸоʲôûô˲˿ģЩɣ
ԴвҶЦţ͵شӰϣͳһźɫʡ
ӰһҽУȻҶƵ˵
Ҫɱ㣡ɱ㣡ӰҲܻĺ
һߣԽսԽ£ǾƺѾʧȥ˼սҲôģüαץؿڣǼӲĺ״˿ҲԳһһץۡ
ҶƱӰ͵һ˶ϣӰ˳
żӲķҶɸоʹѡ
ҶһٴֱͦˡһսĵҲǺֻܴԾƾһǿ־Ų¡
ʱѾʣ಻ˡӰҲ־ŭӿ˽ĽࡣҶƺܿʹӽһת˷һ
ȥȥɣ
Ӱ˫͵غһ𣬴ųõĺɫһâڵһ͵ĳҶȥ
ҶҲǴһû뵽ӰӻͻȻôһСܵԺڹ֮ϵɱæ˫ָ񵲡
ͣ
ڹֱӶҶƵֱۣǿҲ޷ȫЩĹâס
Ҷһŭ𣬵̲ס˳ɳǷǳ޴ģвͻԨ
ҶջǼסˣһɫӰӵҲĻΪӰĵĺţѾ޼¡
ҶվԭأڴŴȻȫ˺ۣվţ㹻ˣ
ʥʦɫ԰ף촽ڶ¡˫֮зĹâϢޱȡ
ҶƺٺһЦӮңң
˭˵ģ
ͻȻһڳ˽Զɫ䡣


974 ˳ˮ
ҶƵѾ͵ػعͷȥ˫ĵԶʴǱߣһӴĹâ𽥵ĸֳţԶղ𵴣һӰٴԶ
Ҷƴ󾪣ΪһޱϤϢ
ˣȻǣ

һι˲˴˴˿ϵϣȫ˷֮⡣
޴˧
ʥʦֽһڲ˵ƽʱܸ޴˧ֲʤôڣ޴˧ҪɱֻҪһָ㹻ˣ
ôʥʦţŵĺһ
޴˧Ц㶼֮ܳΪʲôҲܳ
ʥʦץԼͷڵ˵޴˧սˣ޴˧ȵһ磬
û뵽ɣгһգҵЦһһٵ
ʥʦ߬ȭͷߵĺʲôƽʱҲ͸忪ѡռ˱˵ıˣȻ֪ܵҫ
ûŤͷҶƣ۵Ҽǵ㣡
ҶͷһͷԼ֮ǰ鲻ᱻ˰ɣڵʵҲʮһ޴˧ҪɱҲǲѴ֮
ӣ޴˧ûгǷ롣΢Цôôڻ֮ء
ҶƼæװһȻ֮ɫæͷҵȻǵã޴˧ǲûлľ֮أ
޴˧Ȼ鼫ΪģЦһᣬҶƵļʵٶҳԾϴμ㣬㻹ֻȲɣһתۣⶼѾ̤ߵȲʵˣ
Ҷƿڵ׾Ѫͷų׵Ϣ޴˧ҲˣΪҶǴס
ʥʦ޴˧ĻҲЦ˵ʲôǲ
ҶüĵԼҲܱʥʦҷ
ǣҶֱӿڴʥʦĻ˧֮ǰҷʥʦ֮ڹƺҪʲô£ҪֹȻǾʹˡ³
Ȼܴ϶޴˧̾ǲ˼飡ҶκβȻܹ
ҶƼԹɫ֪޴˧Խʥʦ׽ûȥô֮ǰĻȨֻء
ȻѡʱվǾȻĺڳԺˡҶƿɲΪôĵİݹøԼ
ԼҪԼ󷽣ݴ͸
ʱԶ͵ؽǺڼ׾ײ˳ȥݺˤڵϣϵĳ鴤š
ǰȻվɽ֮ϣǾˣЦѵô󻹲ǰҵУ
ֻǽҶѣҵԼޣλҵѣһʥʦӦֻһ˵ĹͣҶ߹ȥϰͶԼ治עһЩлָ
޴˧ֻ۵˵ͷû˵ʲô
ҶƵȻô͡
뵽ҲǼæڵ˧ȻʱǾԵǽʥʦ׸һᣡ
˲һ˿֮ɫƺû뵽ȻףԭΪҪһֶΣû뵽ԷôʶĽôĹͽԼ
Խʥʦ֮ô϶õĪʹͣݲڻԼ޴˧֮£
ڰĹ͹͸޴˧ȱˣԼûҪȥ˼̶޴˧Ĵм
޴˧ûҪɱˡ
ĵ˵ͷЦô
ҶϴŲõЦݣðǳããȻЦݣҶѾпαˡ
£òͷҶڻƲᣬҲֻáôһݹͣóп϶вʵġûκΰ취
ٴλΪΣߵҶ޴˧ü֮¶һ˿ء
æҶƴ˭ǿϢʥʦҲǲѶã
ҶƿЦŻش֮޴˧㲻ǽžҲھѵʱ㵹ϰ
˿ĭ⡭ʵҲҲϣؼڲ۷״̬ƾҵʵηô
Ҷ֪ӲҲûнҴ
Ȼʮ˷ܣҶƵļãȻϰ϶øңҲ飡ʱһ£عһúʹģ
ʥʦһԣ˫֮жǾɫԭһλۣھȻΪ˱˿еĽƷ֪һʲôĸܣ
ȥȫһ˿ûУҲֻܹܲԹԵ־ܣ˵⣡
û뵽û뵽ҾȻôһ죡ʥʦЦţЦᶼˡ
ڲλݺ꣬ҲǴûԼһ죬﷭ôһСУ
ˣ˵ʲôˡڵĺֻʹ޴˧סȻϽΪķ²
Ȼǻˣ
ʥʦ˫΢Уŭĸߺһȫ͸ӣҪԱˣ
ţ
޴˧ע⵽һĻҲǷֱ˹ȥʥʦĵĵ˳ȥѪ
㡭ʥʦûԱɹҲŭģ͵һѪ˹ȥ
Ҷ˼ǺӼ޵˧ҳԾ˿ͷ
޴˧˲⣬ЦʥʦķʥȨȣҿʥȨ³˲ٵĿͷöζΪⶫͽʥʦסˣ
Ҷ̾˿ɴŵЦݡ
ֻЩ߷߲ƽԼĹͣ˿ȴòøˣһ˳ˮ顣
ҲνλʹͶ˵ҲûʲôáҲ̫ϡⶫ
ܹ޴˧ԼĺøУҲֵͦġ
޾Ͳô룬Ҷʥʦ׸µĻһܲġûУֱ͸Լ
ˣжҶҲȻøС
ˣ֮ڣʵĴײ࣬ôû˵㣿޽ʥʦסԴһ˿ɻʵ
⣡
ҶаҲûнţЦǺǵĵʵ֮ĴףҸѣ̹ҼҲѧˡ˵ҲֻһЩèĹѣֵһᣡʵҶԵУԼ
ԭˣ޵˵ͷһҲɢ
һţ̻˼ˡ


975 ־
޴˧ûм׷ҶҲǰһȫʢʱڣȫ޵ġڲһڵѷҲȫʢʱڵʮ֮һ
ʱ޷Լ͵ˣԼҪ군ˡ
ԣʥʦޣʵ֮١
Щ˿̵ѾΣվҶкüվ˵ʲôҶƸסˡ
ϰͶʱûлָҶƲϵĳŽ治
ϰͶ֮ǰһþԼȫȻҲҪã
һʥʦĴԤԼȵ͹ֱӽһ˸šԣҲʮء
ʥʦ͹ϰͶҶҪûôס
޿żˣƺЩڽʥʦ׸Ҳû˼ȥ¡
ҪȽ϶ߣҹζ࣡϶ֶǧָʵ治öԸ۵ӣƺһҲȥˡҪʥʦ׸ǿǴһ
ݹ֮ͣĵλҪˡΪһ֮£֮ϣ
ҶȻаԱӲѣϻû˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷ͵Ӧõģ
ЩмҶһۣһǵĹһϱġҪʲôʱȥ֮ңһԼܼķΧڣṩ
ҶѾȫ˵ʲôˡ˵ĹûʣʵܻѼ˵ĹһϱֻݹͶռ
ȻҲֺڳԺڵˣ˵Ҫȥ֮⻰ӦǱȽϿס
ҶƲ޶ԼĴмֻҪһ˿øУҲ㹻ˡ
֮أԼǿ϶ҪȥġʱҪɱĲΪԼ׵ĸ񣬺ʯ֮ĴʥʦѾܣ޵İģô֮غʯ֮Щֵ
뵽ҶҲЩڲλѿԣҲûıȨ˼סʥʦʵҲûʲôô
罫佻ޣһ顣
ô˵ҲȹԼһ
Ҫģ±飬ǹԼˡ
뵽Ҳ
޵˵ͷǺãҾһ
ҶƱȭ޴˧ߣ
ãһҪȥ֮Ұһץϰʥʦ廯һ˲ʧڴ˴
ǿԶŷ߷߲ƽŭˣղΪʲôסңˣƾʲôҪǵĹͣ
ʲôͣҶεЦʥʦϣ𲻵κáʱʱ̻̿ı·Ҳ׸ѣѵԽ𣿡
ɵˣȲ˵ܼܲĽʹ֮ڵһְٰǾˣ
㲻ҪǣǵĿʲôǾǹϵ֮ףҪ뿪ⲻλ棬Ҫصɽȥ𣿡Ҷһ˵֮ҲĬĵͷ
ӣЩϾҲ⣬ԼòװѶִܣȴˡ
۶ķ˵ⶼͦ˵Ľ
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978 
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˵һͨλ档Ϊڸλ֮䳩εĸо
ڲλʱΪռ䱻¶ס޷뿪֮ľܴռ䣬ɣ
˵˺֮Уַ㡣
ϢĿҶƶûио
֮ǰһֱŤĿռڣԶԶĸں档ȥҶƣⲢΪҶƻʲôȫΪҶзտռֶΣ
ҶƼȻܹ͸ռ䣬ôȻҲзտռı¡
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979 ٴξ
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Ͼ磬ܵ塣Ǿӹΰ
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980 ӭս
ҶƿЩΥŮˣҲǼĲˡӵұա
Ѿûܹ˷ɵˡ
һ뷨һӾôȥʵҲıĶʲô
ЩŮҲʮϧҶһ˲䣬λҶƿ϶ŹǣΪѾ̫á
ǣҶϹаЦݣĴڳˡ

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981 
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Ǻ۽ǸоɽϴǹɷԽԽأɽΪý
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ͳһȣһףͰǰ׵Уڿз⣬ˢһ˿
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982 ٻ
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һִڿŰ޴ռ䲻ͣ顣
кâһǺӰ׵ײ
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983 Ͻ
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